bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Application of Dual-layer Spectral Detector CT in Abdominal Vascular
Imaging
Authors: Lai Lu-Yao , Jiang Ying , Shu Jian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
As a convenient and non-invasive diagnostic method, computed tomography (CT) has been
developing continuously, and dual-energy CT imaging is one of its current research hotspots. Dualenergy
CT, using two different X-ray energies for imaging, can generate spectral image sets such as
virtual monoenergetic images, virtual non-contrast images, iodine density images, uric acid images,
calcium inhibition images, and effective atomic number images. These images could help to increase
the contrast of vascular, improve the detection rate of lesions, reduce artifacts, reduce the dose of radiation,
and characterize materials. Dual-layer spectral detector CT, a detector-based dual-energy scanning
device, has an X-ray tube and a dual-layer X-ray detector that can simultaneously separate lowenergy
and high-energy photons from a multi-energy X-ray beam, which means excellent time registration.
This paper aims to introduce the applications of dual-layer spectral detector CT in abdominal
angiography, including optimizing image quality, reducing the dose of contrast agent and radiation,
providing richer diagnostic information, organ perfusion, and thrombus identification.
An Evolution of Bilirubin Physiology and Analysis
Authors: Kumari Kabita , Pahuja Shravan Kumar , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Bilirubin is a yellow tetrapyrrole molecule found in the gastrointestinal system, and it is
produced when hemoglobin (Hb) is degraded. For treating various liver disorders like jaundice,
serum bilirubin in the body is a testing marker. Jaundice develops when the serum bilirubin level is
more significant than 2.0 to 2.5 mg/dl. Examining different forms of bilirubin, i.e., conjugated (direct)
bilirubin, unconjugated (indirect) bilirubin, and total bilirubin, helps the physician identify the
cause and metabolic disorder of jaundice. Inconsistent bilirubin production and removal results in
lasting neurologic consequences (kernicterus). In this paper, we have presented a brief introduction
to jaundice, the physiological mechanism of bilirubin, its types and causes, clinical approaches toward
patients having jaundice, i.e., the conventional method being practiced in clinical laboratories,
and various non-invasive systems in the point-of-care settings along with their advantages and disadvantages.
Information on bilirubin production and elimination with tracking of bilirubin levels
may help to guide the proper clinical management of jaundice. The primary focus is on the progression
of established methodologies and techniques to newer ones capable of measuring bilirubin
in biological materials.
Ablation of Shank1 Protects against 6-OHDA-induced Cytotoxicity via PRDX3-mediated Inhibition of ER Stress in SN4741 Cells
Authors: Xu Ye-Ping , Zhang Jing , Mei Xue , Wu Yan , Jiao Wei , Wang Yu-Hai , Zhang Ai-Qin 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Postsynaptic density (PSD) is an electron-dense structure that contains various
scaffolding and signaling proteins. Shank1 is a master regulator of the synaptic scaffold located at
glutamatergic synapses, and has been proposed to be involved in multiple neurological disorders.

Methods:
In this study, we investigated the role of shank1 in an in vitro Parkinson’s disease (PD)
model mimicked by 6-OHDA treatment in neuronal SN4741 cells. The expression of related molecules
was detected by western blot and immunostaining.

Results:
We found that 6-OHDA significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of shank1 in
SN4741 cells, but the subcellular distribution was not altered. Knockdown of shank1 via small interfering
RNA (siRNA) protected against 6-OHDA treatment, as evidenced by reduced lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) release and decreased apoptosis. The results of RT-PCR and western blot showed that
knockdown of shank1 markedly inhibited the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress associated
factors after 6-OHDA exposure. In addition, the downregulation of shank1 obviously increased
the expression of PRDX3, which was accompanied by the preservation of mitochondrial function.
Mechanically, downregulation of PRDX3 via siRNA partially prevented the shank1 knockdowninduced
protection against 6-OHDA in SN4741 cells.

Conclusion:
In summary, the present study has provided the first evidence that the knockdown of
shank1 protects against 6-OHDA-induced ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through activating
the PRDX3 pathway.
Determining the Coefficient of Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Frame Equipped with Steel Plate Shear Walls Based on FEMA P695 Analytical Method
Authors: Rouhi Hamze , Gholhaki Majid 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
In recent decades, steel plate shear wall (SPSW) has been used as an efficient lateral strength system in steel structures. In this research, the seismic behavior of a relatively new system of reinforced concrete frame (RCF) equipped with SPSW has been investigated. Behavior coefficient, as the most important parameter of structural behavior, reduces the lateral forces of the earthquake and the structure with inelastic deformations, reduces the amount of earthquake energy, and structures are designed for less force than the amount of elastic behavior.

Methods:
Four low, mid, and high-rise models with 4, 8, 12 and 24-stories under 44 far-field records and 56 near-field earthquake records have been proposed by using FEMA P695. Ductility and coefficient of behavior of a relatively new system of RCF equipped with SPSW have been calculated according to the proposed method FEMA P695. Due to the significant number and relatively wide range of earthquake records used in the analysis and the use of incremental dynamic analysis (IDA), considering the inherent uncertainty in the earthquake, the results of the analysis are more valid.

Results:
The results of the analysis showed the coefficient of behavior of the RCF equipped with SPSW in the limit state to be equal to 8.7, and in the allowable stress state as equal to 12.5.

Conclusion:
A comparison of the calculated coefficient of behavior of RCF equipped with SPSW (8.7) with the proposed value of ASCE07-2010 (8) shows an increase of 8.75% that indicates this code to be conservative.
Contact Lens as Drug Delivery System for Glaucoma Treatment: A Review
Authors: Aljaberi Hassan A. , Noori Zaydoon T. Mohammed 
Published: February 2023

Background and Objective:
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness globally and directly impacts optic nerve-altering vision. The condition has been linked to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). The objective of this review was to search how well different drug solutions containing gold nanoparticles (GNPs) work in treating glaucoma, with a focus on using contact lenses instead of regular eye drops.

Materials and Methods:
The methodology was structured to review different literature on ocular drugs used in contact lenses to investigate and determine their impact on intraocular pressure (IOP). Some of the intraocular drugs covered in the methodology include timolol, bimatoprost, pilocarpine, etc. The review focused on using gold nanoparticles (GNPs) infused with the solution in contact lenses for timolol.

Results:
The review found that timolol helps reduce intraocular pressure for the first two hours, but then the effect wears off. Moreover, gold nanoparticles infused with timolol solution on contact lenses improved IOP. GNPs in lenses increased the accumulation of timolol in ciliary muscles.

Conclusion:
Contact lenses with saturated drug solutions and GNPs have better bioavailability and release durations. Given its prolonged drug release time and bioavailability, the timolol solution relieves intraocular pressure better than other solutions. GNP-infused contact lenses with drug solutions have been found to treat glaucoma better than eye drops.
Changes in Choroidal Blood Flow by Diurnal Variation in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Hashimoto Yuki , Ishimaru Yumi , Chiyozono Miho , Imabayashi Sakurako , Umemoto Rino , Yamanokuchi Toshitaka , Yoshitomi Takeshi 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Little is known about the diurnal variation in choroidal circulatory dynamics in healthy eyes.

Objective:
This study aimed to clarify the diurnal variation in choroidal circulatory hemodynamic changes in healthy participants using laser speckle flowgraphy.

Methods:
This prospective study included the left eye of 14 healthy young adults (21.9 ± 4.0 years). The mean blur rate, a quantitative index of the relative blood flow velocity, was measured by laser speckle flowgraphy. The macular mean blur rate of choroidal blood flow velocity, subfoveal choroidal thickness, intraocular pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, and ocular perfusion pressure were evaluated at eight points every 3 h over a 24-h period. In addition, differences in each parameter between daytime and night were also investigated.

Results:
Intraocular pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, and macular mean blur rate were highest at 6 PM, and subfoveal choroidal thickness was thinnest at 6 PM. There was a significant positive correlation between mean blur rate and intraocular pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean blood pressure. Furthermore, intraocular pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, and mean blur rate were significantly higher and choroidal thickness significantly lower during daytime than at night.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that choroidal circulation hemodynamics change with diurnal variations in systemic circulation involving the autonomic nervous system in healthy eyes.
Analysis of the Ophthalmological Manifestations of Diagnosed Cases of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: George Deepa Elsa 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore the ophthalmological involvement in diagnosed cases of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH).

Methods:
Case series of all patients diagnosed with IIH from October 2012-2014 at the Neurology Department of Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences were prospectively analysed. Analysis was done for 35 patients who fulfilled the updated diagnostic criteria.

Results:
80% of the patients were women with a mean age of 34.5. The chief complaint was a throbbing headache in 85.7%.The least common complaints were tinnitus, phonophobia, and photophobia, and one patient had right facial paresis. All patients had well-preserved visual acuity. 30 patients had normal extraocular movements, bilateral abduction restriction was found in 4 patients, and one was reported to be with third and sixth nerve paresis. 22 patients were in Obese class I. CSF opening pressure was elevated in all patients. 80% had Grade 1 papilledema. Enlargement of blindspot and peripheral constriction of fields were commonly seen. 41.4% of patients showed inferior RNFL thickness to be the most affected. A statistically significant association was found between the grade of papilloedema and the visual field.

Conclusion:
All our patients had papilledema clinically, with well-preserved central vision. Visual field defects were found, which showed a positive correlation with the severity of papilledema, showing the visual field to be a sensitive indicator. Contrary to expectation, an increase in RNFL on OCT was not a universal finding in our patients despite clinically observable papilledema.
The Post-Exercise Lower Limbs Recovery Process: A Questionnaire Applied To Physiotherapists
Authors: Duarte João P. , Silva Gonçalo , Sousa Filipa , Machado Leandro , Fernandes Ricardo J. , Vilas-Boas J. Paulo 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Physical exercise is essential to improve quality of life, with muscle recovery after exercise being crucial since it reduces the delayed sensation of muscle discomfort and fatigue. The present study aims to identify the methods used by physiotherapists to recover sports practitioners after physical exercise and presents a non-experimental, quantitative and descriptive nature.

Methods:
Fifty-two physiotherapists (52% women), with 9.8 ± 7.3 years of experience and different sports backgrounds, were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire that consisted of (1) participant demographics, (2) recovery wearable sports garment, and (3) development of a new product for muscle recovery.

Results:
Physiotherapists reported that sports practitioners use legging-like garments during training (n=22), after training (n=19), while some physiotherapists were not aware if their athletes use any legging-like garment (n=17). The common characteristics of the garments are the compression (56%), heating (34%) and, in some cases, massage (6%) and printed electronic devices (4%). Physiotherapists mention that sports practitioners usually report lower limbs localized muscle fatigue after training or competition (90%), and the most affected areas are the entire lower limb (n=12), quadriceps (n=9) and hamstring and glutes (n=7 each). The most common therapy used is massage (n=12), followed by electrostimulation (n=8) and compression (n=5).

Conclusion:
Physiotherapists believe that electrostimulation should be used to recover quadriceps, hamstrings and the whole lower limb, and localized heating should be centered in the entire lower limb, hamstrings and quadriceps (in number of answers). Alternatively, massage is better to recover the whole lower limb, gastrocnemius, and hamstrings. When asked what characteristics the garment should have, physiotherapists reported that comfort (n=44), breathability (n=37) and ease of care and cleaning are vital.
Exploring Patterns of Localized COVID-19 Spread Mitigation Measures that Affected Transportation Facilities
Authors: Kutela Boniphace , John Rafael , Langa Neema 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Mitigation measures to lower the spread of COVID-19 have significantly impacted the transportation sector. However, the “shift-streets” measures aimed at providing space for social distancing have received less research attention.

Methodology:
This study used a text-mining approach to explore the content and spatial distribution of 1413 reported actions taken between 2020 and 2022. The focus was on the action type, purpose, infrastructure affected, coverage, longevity, and reason for triggering such a response.

Results:
It was observed that the United States had the highest number of reported mitigation measures. Most countries adopted shift-streets mitigation measures for moving people, public health, and economic recovery. Further, irrespective of the country, measures applied for the entire roadways and travel lanes were dominant on either one or more streets or the entire city. Developing countries performed reactive measures, while developed countries performed strategic measures.

Conclusion:
The study found a vast diversity of COVID-19 spread mitigation measures. The findings in this study can help city planners to understand the possible changes in mobility parameters in the post-COVID-19 era.
La identidad indígena como identidad urbana. Un abordaje descolonial a las crónicas de Ana Matías Rendón
Authors: Corona Ignacio 
Published: February 2023

En el contexto mexicano, la crónica urbana escrita por autores provenientes de los pueblos originarios adquiere una doble significación política y cultural con respecto al tema de la ciudadanía. Desde una perspectiva de análisis descolonial, este artículo examina las crónicas en línea de Ana Matías Rendón sobre lo urbano. Se identifica en ellas una contra-discursividad con respecto al dominante imaginario urbano-mestizo mexicano, pero también sobre la propia experiencia aurática de lo urbano, simbolizada en la auto-representación de la subjetividad privilegiada del flâneur y su vasta tradición narrativa en el ámbito latinoamericano. Indigenous Identity as Urban Identity. A Decolonial Approach to the Chronicles of Ana Matías RendónAbstract: In the Mexican context, the urban chronicle written by authors from the first peoples acquires a double political and cultural signification with regards to citizenship. From a decolonial perspective, this article examines Ana Matías Rendón’s online chronicles on the urban. The analysis identifies in them a counter-discursivity with respect to the dominant urban-Mestizo imaginary, but also on the very auratic experience of the urban embodied in the self-representation of the flâneur’s privileged subjetivity and its vast narrative tradition in Latin America.Key words: Urban Indígenous Chronicle; Minor Chronicle; Internal Migration; Anti-flâneur; Transnational Public Sphere.
Chi Güemez, Catherine Cosette. Memoria del espíritu puro y encendido. El yo en los Diarios (1895) de José Martí. Zamora: El Colegio de Michoacán, 2020.
Authors: Hernández García Mariano 
Published: February 2023

Reseña del libro: Chi Güemez, Catherine Cosette. Memoria del espíritu puro y encendido. El yo en los Diarios (1895) de José Martí. Zamora: El Colegio de Michoacán, 2020.
Effects of Semaglutide on Albuminuria and Kidney Function in People With Overweight or Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes: Exploratory Analysis From the STEP 1, 2, and 3 Trials
Authors: Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Apperloo Ellen , Davies Melanie , Dicker Dror , Kandler Kristian , Rosenstock Julio , Sørrig Rasmus , Lawson Jack , Zeuthen Niels , Cherney David 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVEThese post hoc analyses of the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) 1–3 trials (NCT03548935, NCT03552757, and NCT03611582) explored the effects of semaglutide (up to 2.4 mg) on kidney function.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSSTEP 1–3 included adults with overweight/obesity; STEP 2 patients also had type 2 diabetes. Participants received once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg (STEP 2 only), 2.4 mg, or placebo for 68 weeks, plus lifestyle intervention (STEP 1 and 2) or intensive behavioral therapy (STEP 3). Changes in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and UACR status from baseline to week 68 were assessed for STEP 2. Changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed from pooled STEP 1–3 data.RESULTSIn STEP 2, 1,205 (99.6% total cohort) patients had UACR data; geometric mean baseline UACR was 13.7, 12.5, and 13.2 mg/g with semaglutide 1.0 mg, 2.4 mg, and placebo, respectively. At week 68, UACR changes were −14.8% and −20.6% with semaglutide 1.0 mg and 2.4 mg, respectively, and +18.3% with placebo (between-group differences [95% CI] vs. placebo: −28.0% [−37.3, −17.3], P &lt; 0.0001 for semaglutide 1.0 mg; −32.9% [−41.6, −23.0], P = 0.003 for semaglutide 2.4 mg). UACR status improved in greater proportions of patients with semaglutide 1.0 mg and 2.4 mg versus placebo (P = 0.0004 and P = 0.0014, respectively). In the pooled STEP 1–3 analyses, 3,379 participants had eGFR data; there was no difference between semaglutide 2.4 mg and placebo in eGFR trajectories at week 68.CONCLUSIONSSemaglutide improved UACR in adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. In participants with normal kidney function, semaglutide did not have an effect on eGFR decline.
Non-invasive hypoglycemia detection in people with diabetes using smartwatch data
Authors: Lehmann Vera , Föll Simon , Maritsch Martin , van Weenen Eva , Kraus Mathias , Lagger Sophie , Odermatt Katja , Albrecht Caroline , Fleisch Elgar , Zueger VThomas , Wortmann Felix , Stettler Christoph 
Published: February 2023

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Aim</strong></p>
<p>To develop a non-invasive hypoglycemia detection approach using smartwatch data.</p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods</strong></p>
<p>We prospectively collected data from two wrist-worn wearables (Garmin vivoactive 4S; Empatica E4) and continuous glucose monitoring values in adults with diabetes mellitus on insulin treatment. Using this data, we developed a machine learning (ML) approach to detect hypoglycemia (<3.9 mmol/L) non-invasively on unseen individuals and solely based on wearable data.</p>
<p><strong>Results</strong></p>
<p>Twenty-two individuals were included in the final analysis (age 54.5±15.2y, HbA1c 6.9±0.6%, 16 male). Hypoglycemia was detected with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.76±0.07 solely based on wearable data. Feature analysis revealed that the ML model associated increased heart rate, decreased heart rate variability, and increased tonic electrodermal activity with hypoglycemia.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<p>Our approach may allow for non-invasive hypoglycemia detection using wearables in people with diabetes and thus complement existing methods for hypoglycemia detection and warning.<br>
</p>
Media Kober (Kotak Berhitung) Berbasis Permainan Spin Wheel pada Muatan Matematika
Authors: Gusti Ayu Diah Ariesta Dewi  , Ni Wayan Rati  , Gusti Ayu Putu Sukma Trisna  
Published: February 2023

Masalah yang paling umum adalah siswa merasa matematika sulit dan tidak menyenangkan. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan masih kurang memadai berpengaruh pada hasil belajar menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan media kober (kotak berhitung) berbasis permainan spin wheel pada muatan matematika. Jenis penelitian yaitu pengembangan dengan metode ADDIE (Subjek penelitian yaitu 2 ahli isi dan 2 ahli media. Subjek uji coba yaitu 2 praktisi dan 30 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data antara lain observasi, wawancara kuesioner, dan tes tertulis. Instrument yang digunakan yaitu rating scale. Teknik analisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif, analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan analisis statistik inferensial (uji-t). Hasil penelitian yaitu hasil dari ahli konten 93,75 sangat baik dan praktisi yaitu 95,2% sangat baik. Hasil uji coba perorangan 96,1 sangat baik, kelompok kecil 95,1% sangat baik dan uji coba lapangan 95,8% sangat baik. Hasil ini uji-T yaitu 0,05 (p<0,05), sehingga terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah menerapkan media yang dikembangkan. Disimpulkan media pembelajaran Kober (kotak berhitung) berbasis permainan spin wheel efektif untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar.
Aplikasi Android Belajar Membaca (KEJARBACA): Minat Membaca Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Luh Lista Santi Widiani  , Putu Nanci Riastini  , Dewa Gede Firstia Wirabrata  
Published: February 2023

Permasalahan saat ini yaitu minat membaca siswa yang sangat rendah. Beberapa siswa menganggap kegiatan membaca sangat membosankan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan aplikasi android belajar membaca (KEJARBACA) yang dapat meningkatkan minat membaca pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu research and development menggunakan model ADDIE. Aplikasi KEJARBACA yang telah dikembangkan kemudian dilakukan uji validasi oleh 2 para ahli. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 6 orang, dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 6 orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, kuesioner, dan studi dokumentasi. Instrument yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu lembar rating scale. Teknik yang diguakan dalam menganalisis data yaitu deskriptif kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan statistic inferensial. Hasil penelitian yaitu hasil penilaian dari ahli isi produk mendapatkan validitas sangat tinggi. Hasil penilaian dari guru sangat tinggi, dan siswa validitas sangat tinggi. Hasil uji efektifitas menunjukan terdapat hasil yang signifikan peningkatan minat membaca siswa. Disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi android belajar membaca (KEJARBACA) dapat meningkatkan minat membaca pada siswa sekolah dasar.