bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dust-buried Compact Sources in the Dwarf Galaxy NGC 4449
Authors: Calzetti Daniela , Linden Sean T. , McQuaid Timothy , Messa Matteo , Ji Zhiyuan , Krumholz Mark R. , Adamo Angela , Elmegreen Bruce , Grasha Kathryn , Johnson Kelsey E. , Sabbi Elena , Smith Linda J. , Bajaj Varun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Multiwavelength images from the Hubble Space Telescope covering the wavelength range 0.27–1.6 μm show that the central area of the nearby dwarf galaxy NGC 4449 contains several tens of compact sources that are emitting in the hydrogen recombination line Paβ (1.2818 μm) but are only marginally detected in Hα (0.6563 μm) and undetected at wavelengths λ ≤ 0.55 μm. An analysis of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these sources indicates that they are likely relatively young stellar clusters heavily attenuated by dust. The selection function used to identify the sources prevents meaningful statistical analyses of their age, mass, and dust extinction distributions. However, these cluster candidates have ages ∼5–6 Myr and A

V
> 6 mag, according to their SED fits, and are extremely compact, with typical deconvolved radii of 1 pc. The dusty clusters are located at the periphery of the dark clouds within the galaxy and appear to be partially embedded. Density and pressure considerations indicate that the H ii regions surrounding these clusters may be stalled, and that pre-supernova (pre-SN) feedback has not been able to clear the clusters of their natal cocoons. These findings are in potential tension with existing models that regulate star formation with pre-SN feedback, since pre-SN feedback acts on short timescales, ≲4 Myr, for a standard stellar initial mass function. The existence of a population of dusty stellar clusters with ages >4 Myr, if confirmed by future observations, paints a more complex picture for the role of stellar feedback in controlling star formation.
Magneto-convective Modeling of Low-mass Pre-main Sequence Stars: Postponing the Depletion of Lithium
Authors: Mullan D. J. , MacDonald J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Standard evolutionary models of pre-main sequence (PMS) low-mass stars often predict radii R and Li abundances A(7Li) which are too small to agree with empirical data, while effective temperatures T
eff are predicted to be too large. There are also discrepancies in replicating the stellar age. Discrepancies in R, T
eff, and A(7Li) are reported by Stassun et al. for both components (A/B) of the eclipsing binary 2M1222-57 belonging to the young Lower Centaurus Crux association. Using the output of a magneto-convective stellar evolution model which we applied in an early study (in 2010) of PMS stars in a different young association, we show that the discrepancies reported by Stassun et al. in the 2M1222-57 system are alleviated. The models are instructive in showing why larger lithium abundances occur in magnetic PMS stars: it takes longer for the central gas in such a star to become hot enough to destroy lithium.
Adenomyoepithelial adenosis mimicking phylloides: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Singh Jyoty , Singhai Atin , Babu Suresh , Singh Kulranjan , Mishra Anand 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Benign proliferative breast diseases are well recognized in young females. Benign biphasic proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells has been observed, among which adeno-myoepithelial adenosis is one of the rare morphologies published in the literature with the tendency to recur and poses a risk for low-grade malignant transformation. Here, we report a case of a young female who had a history of recurrent breast lump mimicking phyllodes tumor and eventually diagnosed as adeno-myoepithelial adenosis on histopathological examination.
Accuracy Evaluation of Pediatric Appendicitis Scoring (PAS) Method in Differentiating Nonspecific Abdominal Pain from Appendicitis
Authors: Raeisi Roya , Azizi Mona , Amiri Jalaleddin , Ghorbanpour Manouchehr , Esna-Ashari Farzaneh 
Published: March 2023

Background:
This study aimed at evaluating the accuracy of the pediatric appendicitis scoring method in differentiating nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP) from appendicitis.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 391 children who were hospitalized in the emergency ward due to acute abdominal pain suspected of appendicitis. Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), and appendicitis pathology results of patients undergoing surgery were recorded.

Results:
The results showed that the no significant difference was found among patients in the three experimental groups (appendicitis, specific abdominal pain except appendicitis, and NSAP) with respect to temperature (p = 0.212), but the other variables were significantly different. Findings showed that high CRP frequency, pain migration to right lower quadrant (RLQ), tenderness in right iliac fossa (RIF), anorexia, leukocytosis, high neutrophil, and mean tenderness in RLQ in the appendicitis group were higher than those in the other two groups (p = 0.001). The PAS questionnaire can also be used as a reliable questionnaire with appropriate sensitivity (0.929) and specificity (0.993), and this questionnaire along with detailed clinical examinations could reduce the rate of negative appendectomy to less than 1%.

Conclusions:
This study showed high accuracy of PAS in diagnosing children with appendicitis and differentiating appendicitis from cases of NSAP and specific abdominal pain other than appendicitis. The PAS system could also significantly reduce cases of negative appendicitis. Although high CRP had an excellent ability to diagnose appendicitis, its accuracy was lower than PAS.
Clinical and baseline computed tomography features of patients infected with the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Authors: Mao Haixia , Xu Jixiong , Gong Shengbing , Chen Hongwei , Fang Xiangming 
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and baseline computed tomography (CT) features and their correlation in patients infected with the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Clinical and chest baseline CT data of patients infected with the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 from July to August 2021 were collected. First, the correlation between the clinical data and baseline CT results was analyzed according to CT positivity or negativity. Then, subgroup analysis was performed between different age distributions and clinical characteristics. Next, the CT characteristics and clinical data of all baseline CT-positive patients were collected, and the correlations between CT characteristics and age, vaccination status, and chronic disease were analyzed. Lesions in patients with baseline CT positivity were evaluated by semi-quantitative scoring to analyze the correlations between the semi-quantitative scores and vaccination status and age distribution.

RESULTS:
A total of 221 nucleic acid-positive patients with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant were included, of whom 107 patients were baseline CT positive and 114 were baseline CT negative. Baseline CT positivity was associated with age distribution, and baseline CT positivity was most common in patients aged >60 years (P < 0.001), but not with vaccination status or gender. The results of the subgroup analysis according to age distribution indicated that different age distribution subgroups had different vaccination statuses, and the majority of patients aged <18 years and >60 years were unvaccinated (90.5%, 19/21, and 57.3%, 63/110, respectively). In contrast, most patients aged 18–60 years had received two doses of the vaccine (61.1%, 55/90) (P < 0.001). Different age distribution subgroups had different clinical infection types. Asymptomatic and mild cases were most common in patients aged ≤60 years, and moderate and severe or critical cases were most common in patients aged >60 years. For baseline CT-positive patients, the extent of lung involvement was associated with age, vaccination status, and chronic disease. The number of involved lobes was higher in patients who were unvaccinated or who had received one injection, who were aged >60 years or had chronic disease. There was a statistical difference in CT semi-quantitative scores between the different age subgroups. Compared with patients aged < 60 years, patients aged >60 years had higher semi-quantitative scores (P < 0.001). However, there was no statistical difference between the different vaccination groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
Age had a large effect on baseline CT positivity, CT characteristics, and semi-quantitative CT scores in patients infected with the Delta variant.
Characteristics of cardiac injury complicating with acute kidney injury and mortality risk in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients
Authors: Li Hongmei , Dai Hui , Huang Renjun , Shang Yalei , Huang Jianan , Zeng Daxiong , Tian Weizhong , Hu Chunfeng , Li Yonggang 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
This study aimed to identify the clinical features of cardiac injury complicating with acute kidney injury (AKI) and its risk for a fatal outcome in patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Methods:
Initial signs and symptoms and clinical laboratory, radiological, and treatment information were obtained from seven hospitals in China from January 23, 2020, to March 15, 2020.

Results:
Of 438 patients, 36 (8.22%) displayed isolated cardiac injury, 17 (3.88%) had isolated AKI, and 17 (3.88%) displayed cardiac injury complicating with AKI. Compared with patients without cardiac injury or AKI, patients with isolated cardiac injury, isolated AKI, and cardiac injury complicating with AKI were older (55, 65, 74 vs. 48 years, P < 0.0001) and critically severe. More patients displayed fatigue, dyspnea, and comorbidities in the group with cardiac injury complicating with AKI. Moreover, the indexes reflecting myocardial, renal, liver, and coagulation dysfunctions and infection-related factors were significantly different among the four groups. After adjustment for covariates, patients with cardiac injury complicating with AKI had a higher hazard ratio for mortality (6.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.51–29.30).

Conclusion:
Cardiac injury complicating with kidney injury significantly increased the risk for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Therefore, early detection at admission and careful monitoring of myocardial and renal injury through biomarkers during hospitalization is recommended to reduce the harm to patients.
Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and peripapillary vasculature of post-COVID-19 patients with and without olfactory/gustatory dysfunction symptoms
Authors: Kılıçarslan Oğuzhan , Çebi Aslıhan Yılmaz , Uçar Didar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
We aimed to compare retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and peripapillary vessel density values between COVID-19 patients with or without olfactory/gustatory dysfunction symptoms and healthy controls.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We evaluated RNFL and radial peripapillary capillary vessel density (RPC-VD) values of 41 patients who had COVID-19 history and age- and gender-matched control group including 31 healthy individuals with optical coherence tomography angiography. First, post-COVID-19 group’s and control group’s RNFL and RPC-VD values were compared, then post-COVID-19 patients were divided into subgroups according to the presence (subgroup-A) and absence (subgroup-B) of olfactory/gustatory dysfunction symptoms, and same parameters were analyzed for subgroups.

RESULTS:
Forty-one eyes of 41 post-COVID-19 patients and 31 eyes of 31 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. In RNFL analysis, inferior sector thickness was found significantly lower in post-COVID-19 patients by comparison with control group (P = 0.041). In subgroup analyses, COVID-19 patients who first presented with olfactory/gustatory dysfunction symptoms had higher peripapillary and whole image optic disc capillary density (P = 0.011 and P = 0.002) compared to those who had not had these symptoms.

CONCLUSION:
Lower RPC-VD and RNFL thickness were detected in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. Higher Disc-VD values were found in COVID-19 patients with chemosensorial dysfunction (CSD) symptoms compared to those who had not had these symptoms probably due to milder disease course in COVID-19 with CSD. Sectorial RNFL attenuation in COVID-19 might have occurred secondary to peripapillary capillary circulation defect.
SUPORT SYSTEM DECISION (DSS) PRESMA ELECTIONS OF UNIKI USING SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTHING METHODE (SAW)
Authors: Nunsina Nunsina , Fadhilah Cut , Kulbahri Kulbahri 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT Since minister lukman (2014-2019) and judge saifuddin (2014-2019) presented the discourse on religious censorship, the ministry of religions has continued to develop knowledge and strengthen religious censorship narratives through various digital platforms. The study focuses on the Ministry of the Republic of Indonesia's increased religious censorship on YouTube, the most popular social media platform for today's Internet users. The study draws several conclusions by combining a content analysis method with a descriptive analysis method. First, the intensity with which the YouTube channel is used to strengthen religious censorship issues needs to be increased. Only 15 (4.71%) of the 318 videos uploaded to the ministry of religion's YouTube account contain content on censorship and religious harmony. The annual frequency remained low, and there was no content on moderation and religious harmony in 2019. Second, religious censorship is still applied primarily to intellectuals who have not reached out to millennials. Its progress in eradicating negative issues related to the government's religious regulation program remains limited. Third, reaction data on censored and harmonized video content remains low, according to warganet. According to research, netizens prefer the term harmony to moderation. This suggests that the Indonesian people prefer harmony in general, but there are still some interpretations or negative impressions of the term "moderation" carried by the ministry of religions. Keywords: Methode (SAW), Student presidency candidate (PRESMA), Decision-making support systems
Serum levels of chemical elements and carious lesions in children after antitumor therapy
Authors: Zhukovskaya E. V. , Savko S. A. , Obukhov Yu. A. , Karelin A. F. , Goncharov A. P. , Zhernov Yu. V. , Skalny A. V. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To study serum concentrations of trace and macro elements and their correlations in children and adolescents after antitumor therapy, depending on the presence or absence of caries.Materials and methods. The study included 98 patients aged 4 to 17 years who were in remission after an antitumor therapy performed for acute leukemia or lymphomas. Patients with carious tooth lesions were included in group 1 (n = 34) and without caries – in group 2 (n = 64). We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to calculate the content of essential, conditionally essential and toxic elements in blood serum. The median and interquartile range were calculated, the Mann-Whitney U-test was applied to compare groups, and the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) was calculated for tandem elements.Results. In both groups, the concentrations of the studied elements were within the reference ranges. In group 1, compared with group 2, higher concentrations of potassium, arsenic, iodine and boron and lower concentrations of lithium and tungsten (p < 0.05) were noted. There were no differences in the concentration of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, manganese, gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, lithium, molybdenum, nickel, rubidium, antimony, tin, vanadium, zinc, zirconium and thallium between the groups. Significant correlation coefficients in both groups were obtained for the iron/manganese tandem (τ = 0.24, p < 0.05). Different values of τ were got for nickel/ manganese, cobalt/iron, manganese/phosphorus, beryllium/lithium tandems: τ = 0.342 and τ = 0.14; τ = 0.363 and τ = 0.033; τ = –0.111 and τ = –0.326; τ = –0.365 and τ = 0.42, respectively, for groups 1 and 2.Conclusion. In patients in remission after antitumor therapy, an association of caries with an increase (within reference values) in the concentration of essential (potassium, iodine) and conditionally essential elements (arsenic, boron), a decrease in the concentration of lithium and tungsten; as well as a change in the ratio of nickel/manganese, cobalt/iron, manganese/ phosphorus and change the direction of the correlation in the beryllium/lithium tandem was revealed.
Distal middle cerebral artery aneurysm manifestation against the background of COVID-19
Authors: Litvinenko D. V. , Litvinenko E. A. , Tkachev V. V. , Muzlaev G. G. 
Published: March 2023

A significant part of distal cerebral aneurysms belongs to the category of complex. Traditional methods of shutting down such aneurysms are not applicable. Treatment tactics remain a subject of debate. The presence of COVID-19 complicates the course of the disease and complicates the routing of the patient to a specialized hospital.Description of the case. A 36-year-old man with COVID-19 developed an ischemic stroke in the territory of the right middle cerebral artery (MСA), clinically manifested by dysarthria and pronounced left-sided hemiparesis. Cerebral angiography (CAG) revealed thrombosis of the parietal branch of the M2 segment of the right MСA with distal filling of the channel from the territory of the left MСA. After 3 months, according to the control CAG, recanalization of the M2 segment of the right MСA and fusiform aneurysm of this segment of the artery were diagnosed. To turn off the aneurysm, an intra-intracranial anastomosis was applied between the upper and lower M2 segments of the right MСA and an extra-intracranial anastomosis between the parietal branch of the right superficial temporal artery and the cortical branch from the territory of the compromised M3 segment of the MСA, the aneurysm was excised. The postoperative period was complicated by reinfection of SARS-CoV-2. After the treatment, the patient was discharged in a satisfactory condition without neurological deficit.Discussion. Resection of an aneurysm with revascularization of the distal bed can be considered as the method of choice in patients with distal aneurysms if it is impossible to apply traditional clipping. The presence of COVID-19 infection increases the risk of thrombotic complications, imposes increased requirements on the technique of performing vascular anastomoses.
Polish adaptation of the Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA-PL)
Authors: Zagórska Wanda , Skoczeń Ilona , Lipska Anna , Arnett Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundEmerging adulthood refers to a new phase in life that is related to the transition period from adolescence to adulthood. The concept spread around the world and has been examined in various cultural contexts. This article aims to introduce a Polish adaptation of the Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA-PL) developed to assess attitudes toward emerging adulthood among young people.Participants and procedureIn total, 1,414 randomly assigned emerging adults aged between 18 and 29 took part in this study. Participants were asked to describe the extent to which they considered their current life as a time of identity exploration, experimenta-tion/possibilities, negativity/instability, self-focused, feeling in-between, and other-focused. Responses were given on a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree).ResultsThe results were analyzed in two steps: via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to check the underlying structure of the meas-ure and via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the model fit. The EFA results showed that the IDEA-PL items loaded onto the originally dedicated six factors; however, some achieved low loadings and/or cross-loadings. In the second step of the analysis, the problematic items were eliminated and the CFA results showed that a five-factor solution with 15 items achieved satisfactory parameters.ConclusionsIn this paper, we introduce a Polish adaptation of the Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA-PL). These results add value to the existing literature and scholars and clinicians can use this questionnaire for research and prac-tice purposes.
Evaluation of Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Şaylık Faysal , Çınar Tufan , Selçuk Murat , Akbulut Tayyar 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined by slightly elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with normal free triiodothyronine (fT3) and thyroxine (fT4) levels. SH is related to cardiovascular events, including malignant arrhythmias. Cardiac electrophysiological balance (iCEB) and its corrected form with heart rate (iCEBc) are useful electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters for the prediction of malign arrhythmias. In this study, we aimed to evaluate iCEB and iCEBc in SH patients.
Patients and Methods: A total of 164 patients (n= 82 patients with SH and n= 82 controls) were enrolled in this study. iCEB was calculated by dividing QT by QRS, and iCEBc was calculated by dividing corrected QT (QTc) by QRS. The groups were compared based on ECG parameters. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the association of ECG parameters with TSH levels.
Results: There were no differences between the groups regarding clinical and laboratory findings. Tp-e, QT, QTc, Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QTc, iCEB, and iCEBc were significantly prolonged in SH patients compared to controls. In correlation analyses, all of the abovementioned ECG parameters were significantly correlated with serum TSH levels. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that Tp-e, iCEB, and iCEBc were independently associated with serum TSH levels in SH patients.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this was the first study to demonstrate that iCEB and iCEBc were both prolonged in SH patients compared to controls, and both of them were independently correlated with TSH levels in such patients.