bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of antihypertensive treatment of mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes: An updated meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Attar Armin , Hosseinpour Alireza , Moghadami Mana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCurrently, there is controversy regarding the treatment of pregnant patients with mild hypertension (blood pressure 140–159/90–109 mm Hg). While guidelines do not recommend this treatment, results from recent clinical trials are supportive of the treatment. This meta‐analysis aimed to clarify if active treatment of mild hypertension during pregnancy results in better maternal and fetal outcomes. All of the potentially eligible randomized controlled trials were retrieved through a systematic database search investigating the impact of pharmacological treatment in mild hypertensive patients on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random‐effects model. Data from 12 trials comprising 4461 pregnant women diagnosed with mild to moderate hypertension (2395 in the intervention group and 2066 in the control group) were extracted for quantitative synthesis. Antihypertensive treatment was associated with better outcomes in seven out of the 19 analyzed outcomes: Severe hypertension (RR = 0.53; 95% CI = [0.38;0.75]), preeclampsia (RR = 0.71; 95% CI = [0.54; 0.93]), placental abruption (RR = 0.48; 95% CI = [0.26; 0.87]), changes in electrocardiogram (RR = 0.43; 95% CI = [0.25; 0.72]), renal impairment (RR = 0.42; 95% CI = [0.34; 0.51]), pulmonary edema (RR = 0.46; 95% CI = [0.25; 0.84]), and neonatal mortality (RR = 0.72; 95% CI = [0.57; 0.92]). The primary safety outcome of small for gestational age was not different between the treatment group and the control group (RR = 1.12; 95% CI = [0.80; 1.57]). The results of this meta‐analysis are in favor of the beneficial impact of pharmacological treatment of mild hypertension on both maternal and neonatal outcomes and without significant adverse events for the fetus.
A real‐world data analysis of predictors of early mortality after a diagnosis of multiple myeloma
Authors: Grant Shakira J. , Wildes Tanya M. , Rosko Ashley E. , Silberstein Juliet , Giri Smith 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the increased availability and use of novel therapies for multiple myeloma, early mortality is a pervasive challenge with a significant impact on older adults. Reported rates and predictors of early mortality have varied in the literature, with most studies seldom focusing on community‐treated patients.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort analysis of a real‐world electronic health record–derived deidentified database of 7512 patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma between January 1, 2011, and February 2, 2021, and treated primarily in US‐based community oncology practices, factors associated with early mortality (defined as death within 6 months after the multiple myeloma diagnosis) were examined with the use of binary logistic regression.ResultsThe median age was 70 years overall. We found an overall early mortality rate of 8.3%, with 73% of early deaths occurring in those aged ≥70 years. Among the early deaths, only 49 patients (8.7%) had documented disease progression before death (median time to progression, 30 days [interquartile range, 7–53 days]). Baseline factors associated with higher odds of early mortality included an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≥ 2, Revised International Staging System (R‐ISS) stage III, an age ≥ 70 years, receipt of proteasome inhibitor–doublet therapy, a light‐chain isotype, and the presence of renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min). Among those aged ≥70 years, ECOG PS ≥ 2 and R‐ISS stage III remained the strongest predictors of early mortality.ConclusionsEarly mortality disproportionately affects older adults (aged ≥70 years) with multiple myeloma. Interventions to support this population are needed to reduce disparate survival outcomes.Plain language summary

Factors associated with an increased risk of dying within 6 months (early mortality) of a new diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) among 7512 mostly community‐treated patients with MM were evaluated.
The early mortality rate was 8.3%; among those deaths, 49 patients (8.7%) had documented evidence of MM progression before death.
The risk of early mortality was greatest for older patients (aged ≥70 years) and those with a poor performance status, poor kidney function, a higher disease stage, and light‐chain MM and those receiving two‐drug MM therapies.
These findings highlight the need for supportive interventions geared toward older adults with MM.
Biomass‐Derived Porous Carbon as an Enzyme Mimic for Colorimetric Detection of Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Shi Yunxia , Ma Sumei , Yan Wei , Kong Xia , Tian Xiuxiu , Liang Shuxin , Lu Guang , Yang Jing , Liu Qingyun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPowder porous carbon (PPC) has been fabricated by using corncob, a by‐product of corn production, through a simple calcination process. The relevant carbon material retains an intrinsic porous structure and has a large specific surface area of 577.15 m2/g. The oxidase‐like and peroxidase‐like activities of porous carbon based on corncob are explored in the pH range of 2.0‐8.0, and temperature between 15 and 60 °C, and are optimal at physiological temperature. According to fluorescence and scavenger measurements, the catalytic mechanism of porous carbon with semi‐graphitized structure is from the active species including ⋅OH radicals and ⋅O2 radicals. Taking advantages of catalytic performance, a colorimetric biosensor is designed for the determination of AA with a linear range of 8 to 90 μM and a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.65 μM (S/N=3). The result proves a sustainable and environment friendly route to establish a biosensing system with porous carbon as high‐performance peroxidase mimetic.
Contour angle and peri‐implant tissue height: Two interrelated features of the implant supracrestal complex
Authors: Puisys Algirdas , Janda Martin , Auzbikaviciute Viktorija , Gallucci German O. , Mattheos Nikos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesRecent research has suggested the contour of the prosthesis and the vertical height of the peri‐implant mucosa as important parameters that can influence the long term health and stability of the peri‐implant tissue. In particular, overcontouring of the prosthesis has been correlated with an increased risk for peri‐implantitis, while reduced soft tissue height has been associated with marginal bone loss, recession, and other soft tissue complications. Although these two parameters have been investigated as independent in the current literature, clinical experience points toward a close interrelation between transmucosal tissue height and prosthesis contour angle. It is often found that a reduced vertical height of the implant supracrestal complex is the main reason for overcontouring of the prosthesis. At the same time, achieving a favorable contour of 30o or less is not possible unless the clinician has ensured an adequate vertical height of the soft tissue. The purpose of this short communication is to establish the relation between tissue vertical height and prosthesis contour by utilizing a theoretical geometry equation based on the Pythagorean theorem. In doing so, one can use the dimensions of the implant as well as those of the prosthesis at the mucosal margin to calculate the essential vertical height for achieving a favorable prosthesis contour.ConclusionsAs the treatment plan of the implant supracrestal complex is “top‐down,” in case of deficient vertical height, subcrestal placement of the implant should be considered to achieve a proper prosthesis contour.
Roughness‐Dependent Electro‐Reductive Coupling of Nitrobenzenes and Aldehydes on Copper Electrodes
Authors: Zheng Yinjian , Wang Zhiyuan , Chen Peng , Zhang Wenbiao , Gao Qingsheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe electro‐reductive coupling of nitro and carbonyl compounds enables a facile, environmentally friendly and energy benign transformation toward value‐added nitrones or imines, but the selectivity is still challenging. Here, the surface roughness of Cu electrodes is introduced for the first time as the determinant to switch products from nitrones to imines owing to the controllable reduction of nitroarenes to hydroxylamines or amines on tailored CuI/Cu0 interfaces. The roughness‐dependent selectivity, that is the decrease of nitrones and the increase of imines with enhanced roughness, is visible in the electro‐reductive coupling of nitrobenzene and furfural. Thus, the high selectivity of nitrone (98 %) and imine (80 %) can be achieved on a surface smooth Cu foil and the one electrochemically roughened in the presence of I−, respectively. Such roughness‐dependence of nitrone/imine selectivity on Cu electrodes is further verified in a wide substrate scope, highlighting the promise of surface/interfacial engineering for electrochemical synthesis.
Combination of chemotherapy and gaseous signaling molecular therapy: Novel β‐elemene nitric oxide donor derivatives against leukemia
Authors: Zhu Junlong , Jiang Xiaoying , Luo Xinyu , Zhao Rui , Li Junjie , Cai Hong , Ye Xiang‐Yang , Bai Renren , Xie Tian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to design and synthesize active hybrids of β‐elemene and nitric oxide (NO) donor pharmacophore as potential agents for treating leukemia. Derivatives reported herein exerted better inhibitory effects against human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells compared to β‐elemene (IC50 > 100 μM). The most potent compound 18f showed an IC50 value of 0.53 μM against K562 cells, as well as a high NO release level in vitro. In the K562 xenograft tumor mice model, compound 18f effectively inhibited the growth of the tumor, with a significant inhibition rate of 73.18%. After treatment with compound 18f, the body weight of mice did not decrease, indicating that it possessed good safety profile. All these proved that compound 18f was an excellent potential agent against leukemia.
COVID‐19 and early puberty—An unintended consequence of COVID‐19 lockdown?
Authors: Sheikh Ayesha , Owais Rabia , Ali Eman , Shaikh Asim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) causes the disease COVID‐19, also termed as acute atypical pneumonia leading to respiratory failure. Children were more likely to spend time at home due to the lockdown mandated by governments as a preventive measure, which led to alterations in dietary habits and sleeping patterns which could have had a substantial influence on their sexual development, including but not limited to faster onset of puberty. Existing data suggested a plausible relationship between COVID‐19 and early puberty. Obesity, physical activity, mental health, and birth weight are major risk factors that have further contributed to the early onset of puberty. In order to address such health crises affecting children, comprehensive solutions are urgently required. As COVID‐19 continues to have multiple unpredictable health consequences, spreading awareness regarding this specific problem is of paramount importance.
Cognitive rigidity and restrictive eating disorders: Delineating the impact of low weight, low fat, weight suppression, acute negative energy balance, and chronic restriction
Authors: Rodgers Rachel F. , Smith Kathryn , Murray Stuart B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRestrictive eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (AN) are characterized by extremely rigid cognitive and behavioral patterns, understood to underpin the chronic nature of these disorders. Interrogating the mechanisms contributing to and maintaining the rigid cognitive styles and limited behavioral repertoires, particularly in terms of restrictive eating and excessive exercise is of critical importance. Dietary restriction is overall understood to underpin this rigidity to a large extent, however, to date little is understood regarding the relative contributions of different aspects of restriction including low body weight, low fat mass, weight suppression, acute negative energy balance, and chronic restriction. Clarifying the respective roles of these different factors would be useful for both the better targeting intervention efforts in AN. Extending research to other disorders such as muscle dysmorphia, avoidant restrictive food intake disorders, or atypical AN, that may present similar features to AN but differ from it on other critical dimensions, may offer unique opportunities to identify clinical elements specific to these cognitive patterns. Doing so may inform interventions and pave the way towards more effective treatment approaches.
Reducing bias in experimental ecology through directed acyclic graphs
Authors: Arif Suchinta , Massey Melanie Duc Bo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEcologists often rely on randomized control trials (RCTs) to quantify causal relationships in nature. Many of our foundational insights of ecological phenomena can be traced back to well‐designed experiments, and RCTs continue to provide valuable insights today. Although RCTs are often regarded as the “gold standard” for causal inference, it is important to recognize that they too rely on a set of causal assumptions that must be justified and met by the researcher to draw valid causal conclusions. We use key ecological examples to show how biases such as confounding, overcontrol, and collider bias can occur in experimental setups. In tandem, we highlight how such biases can be removed through the application of the structural causal model (SCM) framework. The SCM framework visualizes the causal structure of a system or process under study using directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) and subsequently applies a set of graphical rules to remove bias from both observational and experimental data. We show how DAGs can be applied across ecological experimental studies to ensure proper study design and statistical analysis, leading to more accurate causal estimates drawn from experimental data. Although causal conclusions drawn from RCTs are often taken at face value, ecologists are increasingly becoming aware that experimental approaches must be carefully designed and analyzed to avoid potential biases. By applying DAGs as a visual and conceptual tool, experimental ecologists can increasingly meet the causal assumptions required for valid causal inference.
Cross‐depth connectivity shows that deep kelps may act as refugia by reseeding climate‐vulnerable shallow beds
Authors: Giraldo Ospina Anita , Ruiz‐Montoya Leonardo , Kendrick Gary A. , Hovey Renae K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRefugia are habitats where species can survive or retreat to during environmental disturbances. One key assumption of habitats that constitute refugia is that they may assist in the persistence of impacted populations through the provision of reproductive propagules. This “reseeding” hypothesis assumes that demographic connectivity exists between refugia and impacted habitats. We tested this hypothesis for the kelp Ecklonia radiata, a temperate marine foundation species dominant in the temperate coast of Australia. Our study site was the coast of Western Australia, a system where deep habitats are considered to act as refugia for their shallow counterparts, yet, for which estimations of population connectivity have overlooked propagule dispersal across depth. Here, we simulated the dominant ocean circulation conditions in a three‐dimensional oceanographic model and the dispersal of kelp propagules by incorporating physical properties of zoospores within the model. The trajectories of kelp propagules were tracked and analyzed to identify their probability of settlement within the domain of the study. Measurements of kelp fecundity across depth were obtained within the study region, and used to estimate zoospore settlement densities. Here, we show that deep populations of E. radiata have the capacity to supply zoospores to shallow reefs. Our results show that zoospores released at deeper beds (40 m of depth) are transported to shallow reefs (<20 m of depth) and that settlement densities are sufficient to drive kelp fertilization. Analysis of particle exchange among depths also indicates that mid‐depth reefs (~25 m of depth) act as important “stepping stones” for cross‐depth connectivity, enhancing dispersal between the shallowest and deepest locations, which is especially important when reefs of different depths are separated by tens of kilometers. We show that after an environmental disturbance, persistent deep kelps may act as refugia by sourcing propagules and reseeding impacted shallow reefs, provided that environmental conditions are adequate for kelp recruitment and growth. This study demonstrates that through propagule exchange, populations of habitat‐building species living in areas undamaged by biophysical disturbances may reseed their impacted counterparts, aid their recovery if conditions are adequate for regrowth, and ensure their persistence.
Substrate‐Controlled Hydrogenation of Flavanones: Selective Synthesis of 2′‐Hydroxy‐1,3‐Diarylpropanes and Flavans
Authors: Soto Martín , Pérez‐Ramos Paula , Soengas Raquel G. , Rodríguez‐Solla Humberto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new substrate‐controlled hydrogenation of flavanones to selectively obtain different hydrogenation products is herein reported. Thus, hydrogenation of flavanones bearing different electron‐donating and electron withdrawing substituents (Cl, Br, Me, OMe, OH) provided the corresponding 1,3‐diarylpropanes in excellent yields. This procedure offers a straightforward, simple, and cost‐effective method for the preparation of glycosylated 2′‐hydroxy‐1,3‐diarylpropanes derived from natural flavanones such as Naringin and Hesperedin. On the contrary, when the hydrogenation was performed over fluorinated flavanones, the corresponding flavans were selectively obtained in excellent yields.
Ultrasound‐guided percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation versus surgery for women with unilateral carpal tunnel syndrome: A randomized parallel‐group trial
Authors: Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas César , Ortega‐Santiago Ricardo , De‐la‐Llave‐Rincón Ana I. , Cleland Joshua A. , Pareja Juan A. , Fahandezh‐Saddi‐Díaz Homid , Arias‐Buría José L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this clinical trial was to compare the outcomes of the application of ultrasound‐guided percutaneous nerve stimulation (PENS) targeting the median nerve versus surgery for improving pain and function in women with CTS.MethodsIn this randomized parallel‐group trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04246216), 70 women with CTS were randomly allocated to either PENS (n = 35) or surgery (n = 35) group. Hand pain intensity (mean pain and the worst pain experienced) was the primary outcome. Functional status and symptoms severity (Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, BCTQ) and self‐perceived improvement (Global Rating of Change, GROC) were the secondary outcomes. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after each intervention. Analysis was performed with intention to treat with mixed ANCOVAs adjusted for baseline outcomes.ResultsAnalyses showed an adjusted advantage for PENS at 1 (Δ −2.0, 95% CI −2.9 to −1.1) and 3 (Δ −1.4, 95% CI −2.3 to −0.5) months for mean pain, at 1 (Δ −2.2, 95% CI −3.3 to −1.1), 3 (Δ −1.75, 95% CI −2.9 to −0.6) and 6 (Δ −1.7, 95% CI −2.8 to −0.6) months in the worst pain intensity, and at 1 (Δ −0.95, 95% CI −1.1 to −0.8), 3 (Δ −0.55, 95% CI −0.8 to −0.3) and 6 (Δ −0.4, 95% CI −0.6 to −0.8) months in function. Both groups exhibited similar changes in symptom severity. Both groups reported similar improvement at 12 months in all outcomes. Symptoms and function improved in both groups, with PENS leading to better short‐term outcomes than surgery.ConclusionThis clinical trial confirms that PENS applied with current understanding of pain mechanisms in CTS is as useful as surgery in women with CTS without denervation. The potential placebo effect of both interventions should not be ignored.SignificanceThe application of percutaneous nerve stimulation was more effective at short‐term, but similar effective at mid and long‐term, than surgery in women with carpal tunnel syndrome.
Machine learning predictive models for optimal design of photovoltaic/thermal collector with nanofluids based geothermal cooling
Authors: Jakhar Sanjeev , Paliwal Mukul Kant , Kumar Manish 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aims to estimate the performance of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector using alumina water‐based nanofluid with geothermal cooling through machine learning (ML) approach. A mathematical model is developed for the first law of thermodynamic analysis of nanofluid in PV/T system integrated with geothermal cooling and is validated with experimental results. Further, a machine learning‐based approach has been employed to simulate the cooling performance of a nanofluid cooling based PV/T system. In the study, Multi‐layer perceptron (MLP) is proposed for estimating the thermal and electrical performance of PV/T system based on design parameters like nanofluid concentration, Reynolds number, and time. The same is then compared with other state‐of‐the‐art machine learning techniques and it is evaluated based on various quality metrics such as mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and R2 test. The designed network is compared with the other ML algorithms available in literature like linear regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree (DT). The proposed MLP network is provided a significant outcome with an average accuracy of 98% and predicted PV panel temperature of 32.1–36.5°C for 0–18 sequences. It was also observed that electrical efficiency of PV/T system improved from 10.51% to 10.66% for 0–18 sequences through MLP predictions.