bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zerumbone ameliorates the inflammatory response and organ damage in severe acute pancreatitis via the ROS/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Zhang Fengmei , Xu Dongjia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the current study was to determine the mechanism by which Zerumbone (ZER) ameliorates inflammation and organ damage in a rat model of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods
Different concentrations of ZER (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) were administered by femoral vein puncture 30 min prior to establishment of the SAP model. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to assess pathological changes in the pancreatic tissue of SAP-induced rats. The lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio was assessed and serum levels of amylase (AMY), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (Cr), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were measured. Western blot analysis was used to examine changes in the expression of ROS/NF-κB pathway-associated proteins.

Results
SAP was confirmed by significant histopathological damage to the pancreas. ZER (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) was found to alleviate pancreatitis and decrease ascites volume, lung W/D ratio, pancreatic pathology score, oxidative stress and inflammatory damage. High concentrations (20 and 40 mg/kg) of ZER were shown to increase levels of hepatorenal toxicity. In contrast, 10 mg/kg ZER was found to attenuate liver enzyme levels, reduce pathological damage to the liver, and protect against extrapancreatic organ damage to the liver in SAP-induced rats. Moreover, ZER showed no significant side effects in normal rats. Finally, we demonstrated that ZER mediated its anti-inflammatory effects on SAP through the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Conclusion
ZER alleviated SAP-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory injury via the ROS/NF-κB pathway, and had a protective effect on lung injury and liver damage.
The effects of walking on frailty, cognitive function and quality of life among inactive older adults in Saudi Arabia: a study protocol of randomized control trial by comparing supervised group-based intervention and non-supervised individual-based intervention
Authors: Wong Ming Yu Claudia , Karmakar Palash , Almarzooqi Mezna A. , Rhodes Ryan E. , Zhang Chun-Qing , Ou Kai-ling , Yanping Duan , Chung Pak Kwong , Alghamdi Nouf A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) demographics are also changing with the increase in life expectancy in the country and the rise in the number of older Saudi Arabians. Saudi Arabia has a higher rate of physically inactive people, and most of them are between the ages of 55–64. Walking is one of the most prevalent forms of physical activity in Saudi Arabia and the study showed that most people prefer walking for recreational and health benefits. Therefore, the purpose of the proposed study is to compare the effects of supervised group-based walking and non-supervised individual-based walking interventions on frailty, cognitive function and quality of life among inactive older adults in Saudi Arabia.

Method
This study will apply a three-group (2 intervention groups and 1 control group), double-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the effect of different forms of walking interventions on Saudi Arabia older adults’ frailty, cognitive function and quality of life immediately after a 16-week intervention, as well as the residual effects 12 weeks after completion of the interventions.

Discussion
This study aims to determine whether supervised group walking and non-supervised individual walking lead to different effects. Given the limited evidence in the literature regarding Saudi Arabia older adults’ physical fitness and health, it is worthwhile to explore the effect of walking, as well as the forms of walking on improving the overall physical fitness and psychological status of older adults in Saudi Arabia. The findings of the current study could also create awareness of the government and the general public in Saudi Arabia of the ageing problems and the effective ways of achieving better intervention results.

Trial registration
The trial is registered at the ClinicalTrials.gov PRS (Trial ID: NCT05151575; Date of first posted: 12/07/2021).
Follow-up analysis of quality of life in elderly patients with bone trauma: a longitudinal observational study
Authors: Xu Xiaofeng , Zheng Qixiang , Wei Siying , Chen Yongmei , Hu Xiuying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The quality of life (QoL) of elderly patients with bone trauma is significantly decreased and is affected by many complex factors. This study aims to conduct a half-year follow-up survey to clarify QoL and its influencing factors in elderly patients with bone trauma in order to provide targeted care measures for elderly patients with bone trauma.

Methods
This was a longitudinal observational study. We used the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) to investigate and evaluate the QoL of 100 patients with bone trauma at the time of hospital discharge and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge. Our previous study confirmed that the SF-36 had higher reliability and validity for evaluating the QoL of elderly patients with bone trauma. At the same time, we also investigated the age, gender, location of bone trauma, and destination after discharge of those patients. Those factors that might affect the QoL of elderly patients with bone trauma were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
The total physiological function, role-physical, bodily pain, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health scores of elderly patients with bone trauma gradually increased from the time of discharge to 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge, and there were significant differences (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the general health score in the different periods (P = 0.095). The total QoL scores also significantly differed (F = 118.61, P < 0.001) at the time of discharge (335.252 ± 127.572) and 1 month (285.149 ± 112.827), 3 months (479.344 ± 153.663), and 6 months after discharge (544.396 ± 166.536). The univariate analysis results showed that the location of bone trauma (P < 0.005) and the destination after discharge (P < 0.001) were the main factors affecting QoL in different periods. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the location of bone trauma was an important factor affecting QoL (P < 0.005 in different periods). Whether to undergo surgery was a factor affecting the patients’ long-term QoL (P < 0.005 at 6 months after discharge).

Conclusions
Although the QoL of elderly patients with bone trauma gradually improves after injury, their recovery time is long, and the influencing factors are complex. Follow-up services should continue for at least six months for these patients, and comprehensive treatment and long-term rehabilitation services should be provided.
A case of pulmonary tuberculosis patient complicated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and scrub typhus in Yunnan, China: a case report
Authors: Huang Hao , Kong Yichen , Yin Hongmin , Yang Zi , Ren Tilian , Zhang Yunzhi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Orthohantavirus (OHV) and scrub typhus (ST) caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (OT) are two infectious diseases prevalent in southwest China. Rodents are the natural host and the main source of the two diseases. OT infection to humans is usually resulted from bite of an infective chigger mite on rodents, and OHV is transmitted through contact or inhalation of aerosols and secretions from infected rodent. The use of antibiotics and hormones is crucial for infectious diseases, although the clinical manifestations are not obvious and a definitive diagnosis becomes more difficult in the presence of these drugs. Clinically, fever is the first symptom of these two diseases, and most of them are accompanied by common symptoms such as chills and headaches. The clinical symptoms of these two diseases are very similar and therefore it is not easy to make a differential diagnosis.

Case presentation
In this case, a 44-year-old male famer with pulmonary tuberculosis and a history of working in coal transportation was admitted to the hospital because of respiratory symptoms accompanied by fever, headache, and skin rashes on his body. Biochemical and urinalysis revealed the hepatic and renal injury. The subsequent molecular testing confirmed he suffered from HFRS and scrub typhus simultaneously that the serological and clinical diagnosis could not identify the cause of infection before. Such case has not been reported in Yunnan Province before.

Conclusion
The clinical diagnosis should be combined with serological and nucleic acid testing approaches for differential diagnosis in areas where HFRS and ST are endemic.
Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions during COVID-19 on future influenza trends in Mainland China
Authors: Liu Xiaofan , Peng Ying , Chen Zhe , Jiang Fangfang , Ni Fang , Tang Zhiyong , Yang Xun , Song Cheng , Yuan Mingli , Tao Zhaowu , Xu Junjie , Wang Ying , Qian Qiong , Ewing Rob M. , Yin Ping , Hu Yi , Wang Weihua , Wang Yihua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Influenza is a common illness for its high rates of morbidity and transmission. The implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic to manage its dissemination could affect the transmission of influenza.

Methods
A retrospective analysis, between 2018 and 2023, was conducted to examine the incidence of influenza virus types A and B among patients in sentinel cities located in North or South China as well as in Wuhan City. For validations, data on the total count of influenza patients from 2018 to 2023 were collected at the Central Hospital of Wuhan, which is not included in the sentinel hospital network. Time series methods were utilized to examine seasonal patterns and to forecast future influenza trends.

Results
Northern and southern cities in China had earlier outbreaks during the NPIs period by about 8 weeks compared to the 2018–2019. The implementation of NPIs significantly reduced the influenza-like illness (ILI) rate and infection durations. Influenza B Victoria and H3N2 were the first circulating strains detected after the relaxation of NPIs, followed by H1N1 across mainland China. The SARIMA model predicted synchronized H1N1 outbreak cycles in North and South China, with H3N2 expected to occur in the summer in southern cities and in the winter in northern cities over the next 3 years. The ILI burden is expected to rise in both North and South China over the next 3 years, with higher ILI% levels in southern cities throughout the year, especially in winter, and in northern cities mainly during winter. In Wuhan City and the Central Hospital of Wuhan, influenza levels are projected to peak in the winter of 2024, with 2 smaller peaks expected during the summer of 2023.

Conclusions
In this study, we report the impact of NPIs on future influenza trends in mainland China. We recommend that local governments encourage vaccination during the transition period between summer and winter to mitigate economic losses and mortality associated with influenza.
The prevalence of Carbapenem Resistance Gram negative pathogens in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Jordan
Authors: Hammour Khawla Abu , Abu-Farha Rana , Itani Rania , Karout Samar , Allan Aya , Manaseer Qusai , Hammour Walid Abu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the absence of new antimicrobial drugs being developed to replace those facing resistance, bacterial resistance continues to grow. Despite previous studies conducted in various countries, there is a lack of comprehensive local reporting on the occurrence of carbapenem resistance among gram-negative bacteria.ObjectiveThis study aims to identify the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial isolates.MethodA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at an academic hospital in Jordan over an eight-month period, spanning from November 2021 to June 2022. The study involved screening electronic medical records to identify patients with clinical cultures showing the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility results of the Gram-negative isolates were recorded.ResultsA total of 1,043 isolated Gram-negative bacteria were analyzed for carbapenem susceptibility. Among the species tested, the most common carbapenem-resistant bacteria wereAcinetobacter baumannii(153/164, 93.3%), followed byKlebsiella pneumonia(184/311, 59.2%), andPseudomonas aeruginosa(67/160, 41.9%). The least commonly isolated species resistant to carbapenem wereEscherichia coli(25/361, 6.9%) andProteus mirabilis(1/30, 3.3%). None ofSerratia marcescensorProteus vulgarisisolates were resistant to carbapenem (0%). Overall, the prevalence of carbapenem-resistance gram-negative isolates was 41.2% (430 out of 1,043).ConclusionThis study provides population-specific data that are crucial for guiding empirical antimicrobial treatment decisions not only within the participating hospital but also in other nearby healthcare facilities. The results underscore the urgent need for coordinated efforts to address antibiotic resistance in Jordan. Comprehensive measures such as strict infection control methods, annual nationwide surveillance programs, and effective antimicrobial stewardship programs at the national level are imperative to reduce the overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Serial head circumference measurements should be used to classify congenital microcephaly
Authors: Sengasai Chutima , Chokephaibulkit Kulkanya , Plipat Nottasorn , Wongsiridej Pimol 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Measuring the maximum occipitofrontal circumference only once at birth or within 24 h after birth may lead to misclassifications of microcephaly. This study compared the head circumference (HC) of newborns at birth or within 24 h after birth to their third day of life (DOL3) as well as evaluated maternal- and infant-specific factors associated with increased HC by DOL3.

Methods
This prospective study included 1131 live births between February and May 2019 with a gestational age > 27 weeks. All newborns had their HC measured at birth or within 24 h after birth as well as on DOL3 before discharge. HC measurements were performed by trained personnel using non-elastic tape measures. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Fenton Growth Charts were used as reference ranges for interpretation of full-term and preterm neonates, respectively.

Results
Paired sample t-test analyses found a statistically significant increase in HC measured on the DOL3 compared with HCs of the same newborns at birth or within 24 h of birth. The mean HC increase was 0.17 cm (95% confidence interval [0.13, 0.21], P < 0.001). The mean ± standard deviation HC within 24 h of birth and at DOL3 were 33.58 ± 1.53 cm and 33.75 ± 1.37 cm, respectively. Thirty-two newborns had HCs less than the third percentile (< P3) at birth, 25 of which had HC ≥ P3 at DOL3. After adjusting for mode of and presentation at delivery, newborns whose mothers experienced labor pains (β = 0.31, P < 0.001) and were either symmetrically (β = 0.59, P = 0.002) or asymmetrically small-for-gestational age (SGA; β = 0.37, P = 0.03) had significantly increased HC at DOL3. On average, newborns whose mothers experienced labor pain had 0.31 cm increases in HC at DOL3. Symmetrical SGA newborns also had an average 0.59 cm increase in HC at DOL3. Parity and gestational age were not associated with changes in HC.

Conclusions
Serial HC measurements on DOL3 or before newborns’ discharge is crucial to classifying congenital microcephaly.
Measuring dysfunctional interpersonal beliefs: validation of the Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions Scale among a heterogeneous German-speaking sample
Authors: Kirchner Lukas , Kloft Matthias , Arias Martín Beatriz , Berg Max , Anjedanimoghadamaraghi Paria , Schäfer Leonora , Rief Winfried 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Backround
Dysfunctional interpersonal beliefs (DIBs) are a key symptom domain in numerous mental disorders. Because DIBs exert a strong influence on social experience and behavior, they play an important role in a mental disorder's development and progression. To date, only the Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions Scale (ICDS) captures DIBs independently of specific disorders, populations, or contexts. The present study's aim was to psychometrically evaluate and validate a German translation of the ICDS.

Methods
The ICDS was administered along with indicators of convergent (rejection sensitivity, depressive expectations, interpersonal trust, interpersonal problems, perceived social support), discriminant (self-efficacy, perseverative negative thinking, optimism), and clinical validity (psychopathology, perceived stress, well-being) to a pooled sample incorporating non-clinical (N = 114) and clinical (N = 94) participants.

Results
An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) suggested a five-factor solution (factor loadings: .44 to .85). Correlational analyses demonstrated acceptable convergent (ρ = -.29 to -.35, ρ = .27 to .59), suboptimal discriminant (ρ = -.27 to -.38, ρ = .52), and acceptable clinical validity (ρ = -.21, ρ = .36 to .44) at the total-scale level. However, results at the subscale level were mixed and required nuanced interpretation. Likewise, internal consistency was acceptable at the total-scale level (α = .76), but ranged from good to poor at the subscale level (α = .61 to .80). DIBs mediated the negative relationship between mental disorder onset and psychopathology levels.

Discussion
Our results imply DIBs' relevance to mental health and related outcomes. When working with the ICDS’s German version, we recommend employing only the “insecurity” subscale, as this was the only scale revealing acceptable psychometric properties. Future studies should improve the construct validity of the ICDS (and its subscales), e.g., by adding more items to the respective subscales and further classes of DIBs.
The relationship between dietary lipophilic index and load with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms
Authors: Barzegaran Mahdieh , Jazayeri Shima , Abolghasemi Jamileh , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh , Fatemi Seyedeh Fatemeh , Mirzaei Masoud , Salehi-Abargouei Amin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Dietary fatty acids can affect brain health by modifying neuronal membrane fluidity. Dietary lipophilic index (LI) and load (LL) may be related to cell membrane fluidity. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary LI and LL with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, taken from the YaHS (Yazd Health Study) population-based cohort, the data of 2,982 individuals was extracted. Several questionnaires- a 178-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS 21), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)- were used to obtain information on dietary intake, mental status, and physical activity, respectively. LI and LL were calculated using dietary intake and the melting point of each fatty acid.

Results
The analysis was performed on 2982 individuals. The odds ratio of depression in the second tertile of dietary LI compared to the first tertile was 0.815 (95% CI 0.66–1.00, P = 0.051, Ptrend = 0.017) and after adjusting confounders was 0.793 (95% CI 0.63–0.99, P = 0.043, Ptrend = 0.011). Also, LL was related inversely with anxiety (0.771, 95% CI 0.63–0.93, P = 0.003) that after multiple regression, OR of anxiety was 0.762 (95% CI 0.53–1.07, P = 0.045). The odds of stress in the third tertile of LL was 1.064 but not statistically significant (95% CI 0.88–1.28, P = 0.729).

Conclusion
This study showed an inverse association between dietary LI and depression symptoms. Anxiety and stress did not show a significant relationship with LI or LL.
Association of drug overdoses and user characteristics of Canada’s national mobile/virtual overdose response hotline: the National Overdose Response Service (NORS)
Authors: Viste Dylan , Rioux William , Cristall Nora , Orr Taylor , Taplay Pamela , Morris-Miller Lisa , Ghosh S. Monty 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Several novel overdose response technology interventions, also known as mobile overdose response services (MORS), have emerged as adjunct measures to reduce the harms associated with the drug poisoning epidemic. This retrospective observational study aims to identify the characteristics and outcomes of individuals utilizing one such service, the National Overdose Response Service (NORS).

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted using NORS call logs from December 2020 to April 2023 imputed by operators. A variety of variables were examined including demographics, substance use and route, location, and call outcomes. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated around variables of interest to test the association between key indicators and drug poisonings.

Results
Of the 6528 completed calls on the line, 3994 (61.2%) were for supervised drug consumption, 1703 (26.1%) were for mental health support, 354 (5.42%) were for harm reduction education or resources, and 477 (7.31%) were for other purposes. Overall, there were 77 (1.18%) overdose events requiring a physical/ in-person intervention. Of the total calls, 3235 (49.5%) were from women, and 1070 (16.3%) were from people who identified as gender diverse. Calls mostly originated from urban locations (n = 5796, 88.7%) and the province of Ontario (n = 4137, 63.3%). Odds ratios indicate that using opioids (OR 6.72, CI 95% 3.69–13.52), opioids in combination with methamphetamine (OR 9.70, CI 95% 3.24–23.06), multiple consumption routes (OR 6.54, CI 95% 2.46–14.37), and calls occurring in British Columbia (B.C) (OR 3.55, CI 95% 1.46–7.33) had a significantly higher likelihood of a drug poisoning. No deaths were recorded and only 3 false callouts had occurred. The overall drug poisoning event incidence to phone calls was 1.2%.

Conclusion
NORS presents a complimentary opportunity to access harm reduction services for individuals that prefer to use alone or face barriers to accessing in-person supervised consumption services especially gender minorities with high-risk use patterns.