bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of mitophagy mechanism within steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by bioinformatics analysis and experiments
Authors: Wei Yangwenxiang , Jiang Mengyu , Wang Zhangzheng , Fan Yinuo , Huang Haoran , Liu Yuhao , Chen Zhenqiu , Zhou Chi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The exact pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SIONFH) is not yet clearly understood. Studies suggest programmed cell death as one of the potential pathological mechanisms. The purpose for this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms associated with mitophagy in SIONFH. To ascertain the potentially proteins and signaling pathways involved during bone repair.
Methods
Femur bones from patients with SIONFH were collected and divided into Healthy, Necrotic and Sclerotic zones for proteomic testing. We performed the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) pathway enrichment analysis. Cellular experiments were used to verify the changes in mitochondrial function during osteoclast formation. Furthermore, specific target proteins were analyzed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and venn diagrams.
Results
A total of 575 protein targets were selected for enrichment analysis. The results revealed that the bone repair process mostly involved osteoclast differentiation, FOXO signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, autophagy, and mitochondrial function. Cellular experiments verified that mitochondrial function changed during osteoclast differentiation and was closely related to mitophagy. Finally, PPI network and Venn diagram were used to identify core target proteins with important roles, such as mTOR and SOD1.
Conclusion
This study will provide new insights about the proteins and relevant pathways involved in SIONFH. Bone repair process is closely related to mitophagy.
Extracellular vesicles carrying miR-143-3p released from Sertoli cells drives age-related decline of testosterone and male fertility
Authors: Liang Jinlian , Chen Derong , Mei Jiaxin , Hu Meirong , Wei Siying , Wang Zhaoyang , Huang Rufei , Li Lu , Ye Tao , Deng Jingxian , Liu Yuan , Wang Yuxin , Yang Yan , Huang Yadong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As delayed parenthood becomes more prevalent, understanding age-related testosterone decline and its impact on male fertility has gained importance. However, molecular mechanisms concerning testicular aging remain largely undiscovered. Our study highlights that miR-143-3p, present in aging Sertoli cells (SCs), is discharged into extracellular vesicles (EVs), affecting Leydig cells (LCs) and germ cells, thus disrupting testicular tissue homeostasis and spermatogenesis. Intriguingly, in SCs, TGF-β signaling promotes miR-143 precursors transcription, increasing mature miR-143-3p levels. This inhibits Smurf2, activating Smad2, and further enhancing miR-143-3p accumulation. EVs transporting miR-143-3p, originating from SCs, contribute to the age-related decline of testosterone and male fertility by targeting the luteinizing hormone receptor and retinoic acid receptor. Diminishing endogenous miR-143-3p in SCs postpones testis aging, preserving and prolonging male fertility. Thus, our study identified miR-143 as a key regulator of testicular function and fertility, revealing miR-143 as a potential therapeutic target for male abnormal sexual and reproductive function.
Development of a Composite Drought Indicator for operational drought monitoring in the MENA region
Authors: Fragaszy Stephen , Bergaoui Karim , Fraj Makram Belhaj , Ghanim Ali , Al-Hamadin Omar , Al-Karablieh Emad , Al-Bakri Jawad , Fakih Mona , Fayyad Abbas , Comair Fadi , Yessef Mohamed , Mansour Hayat Ben , Belghrissi Haythem , Arsenault Kristi , Peters-Lidard Christa , Kumar Sujay V. , Hazra Abheera , Nie Wanshu , Hayes Michael , Svoboda Mark , McDonnell Rachael 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This paper presents the Composite Drought Indicator (CDI) that Jordanian, Lebanese, Moroccan, and Tunisian governments now produce monthly, and it describes their iterative co-development processes. The CDI is primarily intended to monitor agricultural and ecological drought on a seasonal time scale. It uses remote sensing and modelled data inputs, and it reflects anomalies in precipitation, vegetation, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration. We made changes to CDI input data, modelling procedures, and integration following quantitative and qualitative validation assessments, as well as consideration of policymakers’ needs and agencies’ technical and institutional capabilities and constraints. We summarize validation results and show CDI outputs, and we describe the monthly CDI production and information dissemination process. Finally, we synthesize procedural and technical aspects of CDI development that reflect trade-offs made to optimize the CDI for operational monitoring that supports policy decision-making – including aspects of salience, credibility, and legitimacy – within each national context.
Breast cancer surveillance in BRCA positive Sri Lankan women: health equity for a high-risk group at a limited resource setting
Authors: Liyanage Udari Apsara , Sirisena Nirmala Dushyanthi , Deshapriya Pushpika Chathuranga , Dissanayake Vajira Harshadeva Weerabaddana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants account for 90% of hereditary breast malignancies, incurring a lifetime breast cancer risk of 85% and 40-45% respectively, in affected individuals. Well-resourced health care settings offer genetic counselling and genetic screening for susceptible individuals, followed by intense breast cancer surveillance programmes for those identified at high risk of breast cancer. Such high standards of care are not available in countries with limited resources. This study assessed breast screening behaviors among a cohort of BRCApositive Sri Lankan women.
Methods
A retrospective case review of all patients diagnosed with pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes from 2015 to 2022 at the Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo was carried out, followed by a telephone interview of the respondents. Patients who were not contactable, deceased, undergone bilateral mastectomy and males were excluded from the interview component of the study.
Results
Only 25 patients were diagnosed during the study period:14/25 women responded (6/25 deceased, 3/25 non-contactable; 2/25 excluded). 71.4% (10/14) had performed breast self-examination during the preceding month; 35.7% (5/14) had a clinical breast examination (CBE), and 50% (7/14) had undergone a screening/diagnostic mammogram during the previous year. 28.5% (4/14) underwent both mammography and CBE; 21.45% (3/14) mammogram only, 7.1% (1/14) had CBE only. 42.8%(6/14) had not under gone any surveillance(mammography or CBE). None had dual screening with mammogram and MRI. 85.71% (12/14) women expressed willingness to participate in a regular screening programme if made available.
Conclusion
Fifty percent of BRCA1/2 positive women in our study had not undergone annual mammographic screening, and none had undergone annual dual screening with mammography and MRI indicating inadequate breast cancer surveillance in this high-risk group.
Comparative and phylogeneticanalyses of nine complete chloroplast genomes of Orchidaceae
Authors: Liu Likuan , du jx , Liu Zhihua , Zuo Wenming , Wang Zhenglei , Li Jinping , Zeng Yang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The orchid family has 200,000 species and 700 genera, and it is found worldwide in the tropics and subtropics. In China, there are 1,247 species and subspecies of orchids belonging to the Orchidaceae family. Orchidaceae is one of the most diverse plant families in the world, known for their lush look, remarkable ecological tolerance, and capability for reproduction. It has significant decorative and therapeutic value. In terms of evolution, the orchid family is one of the more complicated groups, but up until now, little has been known about its affinities. This study examined the properties of 19 chloroplast (cp) genomes, of which 11 had previously been published and nine had only recently been revealed.Following that, topics such as analysis of selection pressure, codon usage, amino acid frequencies, repeated sequences, and reverse repeat contraction and expansion are covered. The Orchidaceae share similar cp chromosomal characteristics, and we have conducted a preliminary analysis of their evolutionary connections. Similar cp chromosomal traits can be seen in the orchidaceae. Galearis roborowskyi, Neottianthe cucullata, Neottianthe monophylla, Platanthera urceolata and Ponerorchis compacta are the closest cousins, according to phylogenetic study.
Genetic Variability and Recombination of the NSP2 Gene of PRRSV-1 Strains in China from 1996 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Hang , Luo Qin , Zheng Yajie , Sha Huiyang , Li Gan , Kong Weili , Huang Liangzong , Zhao Mengmeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has been present in China for over 20 years. Due to the continuous mutation of PRRS virus (PRRSV), it causes significant economic losses to the pig industry annually. This study aimed to understand the genetic variation of the PRRSV-1 NSP2 gene in China. A total of 69 PRRSV-1 NSP2 strains, consisting of 25 Chinese and 44 foreign strains, were collected and their nucleotide and amino acid homology were analyzed. Results indicated that the nucleotide homology of NSP2 ranged 42.1–97.0%, while the amino acid homology ranged from 59.4–100.0%. Multiple sequence alignments of NSP2 amino acids from the 69 PRRSV-1 strains were conducted to compare differential sites of NSP2 amino acids between PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2. The study revealed that PRRSV-1 had more missing and replaced sites compared to PRRSV-2. A phylogenetic analysis of the NSP2 sequence of 90 PRRSV strains revealed that the genetic relationships between BJEU06-1-like and NMEU09-1-like are relatively close, but far from Amervac-like and HKEU-16-like. Additionally, recombinant analysis showed that four recombination events occurred in the 90 selected PRRSVs, with two occurring in the Chinese PRRSV-1 NSP2 sequence. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the prevalence of PRRSV-1 in China over the past 20 years and will serve as a theoretical basis for the evolution and epidemiology of PRRSV.The abstract serves both as a general introduction to the topic and as a brief, non-technical summary of the main results and their implications. Authors are advised to check the author instructions for the journal they are submitting to for word limits and if structural elements like subheadings, citations, or equations are permitted.
Bioinformatics analysis of potential ferroptosis and non- alcoholic fatty liver disease biomarkers
Authors: Yu Xiaoxiao , Yang Kai , Fang Zhihao , Zhu Tong , Liu Changxu , Guo Zihao , Dong Zhichao , Liu Chang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we aimed to use a comprehensive bioinformatics approach and experimental validation to identify and verify potential ferroptosis-related genes in NAFLD.
Materials and methods: We downloaded the microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database for screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and identified the intersection of these datasets with ferroptosis-related DEGs from the Ferroptosis database. Subsequently, ferroptosis-related DEGs were obtained using support vector machine analysis; the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was then used to identify six marker genes. Furthermore, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to estimate the proportion of different types of immune cells. Subsequently, we constructed drug regulatory networks and ceRNA regulatory networks. Lastly, we validated our findings in a mouse model of NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet.
Results: We identified EGR1, IL6, JUN、SOCS1, NR4A1, and ZFP36 as marker genes for NAFLD, demonstrating their robust diagnostic abilities. Subsequent functional enrichment analysis results revealed that these marker genes were associated with multiple diseases and play a key role in NAFLD via the regulation of immune response and amino acid metabolism, among other pathways. The presence of immune infiltration implies that alterations in the immune microenvironment of NAFLD patients may be associated with the marker genes. Moreover, we identified 53 drugs targeting the 6 marker genes and ceRNA networks, which revealed complex regulatory relationships. The expression of hepatic EGR1, IL6, SOCS1, and NR4A1 was significantly downregulated in the NAFLD model.
Conclusion: Here, we analyzed and validated a ferroptosis gene signature in NAFLD using bioinformatics and animal models. Our findings provide new insights and molecular clues for understanding and treating NAFLD. Further studies are needed to assess the diagnostic potential of these markers for NAFLD.
Optimizing Bioethanol (C2H5OH) Yield of Sweet Sorghum Cultivars in a Semi-Arid Environment: The Impact of Deheading and Deficit Irrigation
Authors: EMARA Eman Ibrahim Refaie , Alsanad Mohammed A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The production of bioethanol offers a promising pathway to mitigate the detrimental environmental effects of ethanol consumption, such as greenhouse gas emissions and atmospheric particle release. Despite the challenges posed by water scarcity, plants have emerged as a viable energy source for biofuel production. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of three deheading times (45, 21 days before harvest, and no-deheading) and three levels of water regime on specific sweet sorghum cultivars (Honey, Willy, MN1500, and Atlas) in terms of yield traits, theoretical ethanol production, and water productivity. Findings highlight cultivation's impact on bioethanol yield. A 30–70% water deficit reduced stalk yields by 17.86–18.54% and sugar yields by 0.2–0.31 Mg ha− 1. Theoretical ethanol yield dropped by 120.9-180.9 L ha− 1. Brix and sugar content increased by 16.32–18.42% and 16.81–19.03%, respectively, in seasons one and two. Honey cultivar, with 30% water deficit and deheading at 21 days before harvest, excelled in growth and yield. These insights optimize sweet sorghum cultivation, enhancing sustainable bioethanol production. Advancing renewable energy technologies for a greener future.
Simplified Analysis Model of Longitudinal Constraint Effect of High-speed Railway Simply-supported Bridge Under Earthquake
Authors: Jiang Lizhong , Zhong Bufan , Zhou Wangbao , Zhang Yuntai , Yu Jian , Zhao Yinting 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The structure of a high-speed railway (HSR) bridge with a track system is complex, and the computational efficiency of seismic analysis for a fine HSR bridge with a track system model (BM) is low. This study considers an HSR bridge with CRTS II slab ballastless track system as a case study and develops a simplified model (SM) based on a method for simulating track constraints with equivalent springs. To obtain the optimal stiffness of SM equivalent springs, a finite element (FE) structural parameters updating framework utilizing an improved genetic algorithm (GA) is established, and the updated SM's dynamic characteristics and seismic response are compared to BM's. In addition, it uses SM to analyze the over-limit state and applicability of the bridge structure's critical components. The results indicated that the model simplification ratio of SM reaches 95%. The seismic response outcomes of SM and BM accurately agree with an average relative error of 3% and a maximum relative error of less than 5%. The over-limit state of the seismic response structure tends to be stable as the number of ground motion samples increases. The shear and bending capacity of the pier and the deformation of the fixed support have a high over-limit risk under longitudinal seismic, which is worth noting in the engineering design.
Nurses’ and clients’ experiences of co-designing solutions to improve provider-client relationships in maternal and child healthcare: A human-centred design study in rural Tanzania
Authors: Isangula Kahabi , Pallangyo Eunice S. , Ndirangu-Mugo Eunice 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
There has been a persistent increase in clients’ dissatisfaction with providers’ competencies in maternal and child healthcare (MCH). Existing interventions have failed to address the complexity of provider-client relationships. Therefore, targeted, contextualized innovative solutions that place providers and clients at the forefront as agents of change in optimizing intervention design and implementation are needed. The study team adopted a co-design approach where MCH nurses, clients, and stakeholders partnered to design an intervention package to improve provider-client relationships in rural Tanzania.
Objective
This paper explored nurses’, clients’, and MCH stakeholders’ experiences of participation in a co-design process to generate interventions to strengthen nurse-client relationships in Shinyanga.
Methods
A qualitative descriptive design was used. Thirty semi-structured key informant interviews were conducted in the Swahili language with purposefully selected nurses, clients, and MCH stakeholders. The inclusion criterion was participation in synthesis, ideation, and creative workshops as part of the co-design of an intervention package to strengthen nurse-client relationships. Data were transcribed and translated simultaneously, managed using NVivo, and analyzed thematically.
Results
Three main themes emerged from the analysis. 1) Key learnings from participation in the co-design process, which included knowledge that: both nurses and clients contributed to tensions within their relationships; the benefits of good nurse-client relationship extended beyond nurses and clients to the health sector; and improvement of nurse-client relationships requires interventions targeting nurses, clients, and the health sector. 2) Co-design offered a promising strategy for addressing many challenges facing the health sector beyond interpersonal relationships because it is innovative and brings together parties and end-users impacted by the problem and generates acceptable interventions that contribute to enhanced satisfaction. 3) Co-design promoted co-learning of new skills and knowledge among participants, which influenced changes in their behaviours and practices, even before the implementation of the generated solutions.
Conclusion
End-users’ experiences of co-design suggest it provides a novel entry point for strengthening provider-client relationships and addressing other health sector challenges. In co-design, clients are invited to partner with providers and stakeholders in designing highly acceptable and feasible interventions. Researchers and interventionists should consider embracing a co-design approach to address health service delivery challenges.
Unhealthy food availability, prominence and promotion in a representative sample of supermarkets in Flanders (Belgium): A detailed assessment
Authors: Vandevijvere Stefanie , Dam Iris , Inaç Yasemin , Smets Vincent 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The supermarket food environment is a key setting for potential public health interventions. This study assessed food availability, prominence and promotion in a representative sample of supermarkets in Flanders (Belgium).
Methods
A sample of 55 supermarkets across five chains and 16 Flemish municipalities was selected in 2022, about 64% in the most deprived socioeconomic areas. Healthiness indicators related to food availability (ratio of cumulative linear shelf length for healthy versus unhealthy foods), prominence (proportion of unhealthy foods at check-outs and end-of-aisle endcaps), and promotion (child-directed food marketing on food packages) were measured.
Results
Overall, the average ratio of healthy/unhealthy foods in supermarkets in Flanders was 0.36, meaning that for every 10m of shelf length of unhealthy foods there is 3.6m of healthy foods. There was a large variation in ratio’s across supermarket chains. Of all foods available, 97.5% were ultra-processed at the check outs, while 72.2% and 58.5% were ultra-processed at the front and back end-of-aisle end-caps, respectively. Confectionery and sweet biscuits were the food categories with on average the highest number of child-directed marketing on pack per 10m of shelf length.
Conclusion
Supermarket in-store food environments in Flanders were found generally unhealthy, with those located in low income areas having unhealthier in-store food environments than supermarkets located in medium and high income areas. Despite commitments of all large supermarket chains in Flanders to promote and create healthier in-store food environments, our findings indicate that currently consumers are incentivized to buy unhealthy rather than healthy food products.
Transportation Multi depot vehicle routing problem with optional transshipment demands
Authors: Akbari M. , Ghomi S. M.T. Fatemi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
One of the important issues of transportation and delivery of goods is vehicle routing. These days, transportation issues are faced by many challenges, such as electric cars, a variety of products and services. This paper aims to reduce travel distance. To do this a mixed integer linear programming model is developed. It utilizes the vehicle routing problem with an optional transshipment model for single-product problems with one and two depots in small and non-small dimensions. In addition, parameters of customer demand are studied as stochastic with normal distribution. The situation of real-world condition has been obtained in the paper and a case study in Iran is given. Also, sensitivity analysis is made on some parameters. Numerical results indicate that the proposed model is relatively effective. Ultimately, some management insights are provided.
Unveiling Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma by Solitary Spinal Metastasis Causing Severe Neurological Deficit in a 67-Year-Old Female
Authors: Njoum Yumna , Abu-Hilal Lila H. , Barghouthi Duha I. , Alshawwa Khaled , AbuKeshek Tawfiq , Bakri Izzeddin , Maree Mohammed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is a differentiated thyroid malignancy that exhibits the ability to metastasize hematogenously to distant organs, including the lungs and bones. Spinal metastasis is an unusual site for metastasis that even when occurs, presents late in the disease course and is often associated with advanced disease and poor prognosis. Until 2019, the literature only showed 29 cases of FTC with spinal metastasis as the first presenting feature.
Case Presentation: We present a case of a 67-year-old female with no previous history of thyroid malignancy who presented with an acute onset of severe neurological deficit that ended up bedridden. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine revealed a spinal lesion causing severe spinal cord compression. Urgent surgical decompression was performed, and the histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of metastatic FTC. Subsequent comprehensive evaluation, including thyroid ultrasonography and unveiled a very small primary thyroid tumor.
Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of considering FTC as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with spinal metastasis, even in the absence of known primary thyroid malignancy. Prompt diagnosis, comprehensive staging, and multidisciplinary management are crucial in optimizing treatment outcomes for patients with FTC presenting with spinal metastasis and improvement of prognosis.