bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INTERLEUKIN-1 BETA INHIBITORS AND HYPERTENSION RISK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Alosaimi Hani , Maffia Pasquale , Padmanabhan Sandosh , Guzik Tomasz 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To compare the effects of various interleukin-1 beta inhibiting drugs on the risk of hypertension in users.

Design and method:
Various meta-analyses and systematic reviews of randomised-control trials (RCTs) were identified using relevant electronic databases, including MEDLINE Ovid, EMBASE Ovid, and CENTRAL. These were then examined to assess current approaches towards analysis of the effects of interleukin-1 beta inhibitors in adult patients in terms of hypertension.

Results:
A total of 3,522 patients were enrolled in the qualitative and quantitative studies synthesised for the final review.
Seven studies included in the meta-analysis compared anti-IL1B to a placebo, with a total of 2,506 and 1,016 patients included in the anti-IL 1B and the placebo arms, respectively, with event rates of 1.1% and 1.8%. The risk of hypertension was thus not significantly different between groups (RR = 0.82, 95% 0.45; 1.5, P = 0.52) and no heterogeneity was observed between studies (I2 = 0%, P = 0.92). The effect size was not statistically significant in any of the included studies. The Howard study contributed to one-third of the meta-analysis weight, while those by Ridher and Choudhury contributed 21.5% and 18.6%, respectively.

Conclusions:
The final results of this meta-analysis based on the hypothesis that interleukin-1 beta inhibitors, namely Canakinumab and Anakinra, do not cause any changes in levels of blood pressure and thus pose no additional risk associated with the hypertension demonstrated that while some previous studies indicated a non-statistically significant increase in risk with Canakinumab, re-investigation is required to fully understand the occurrence of hypertension during the use of inhibitors of interleukin-1 beta at standard doses.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COLCHICINE AND HYPERTENSION RISK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Alosaimi Hani , Maffia Pasquale , Padmanabhan Sandosh , Guzik Tomasz 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To assess the effects of colchicine as a treatment option for gut and other autoimmune diseases with respect to the risk of hypertension, as compared to both placebos and active comparators.

Design and method:
Various relevant meta-analyses and systematic reviews of randomised-control trials (RCTs) were identified using relevant electronic databases such as MEDLINE Ovid, EMBASE Ovid, and CENTRAL to assess current approaches towards the analysis of the effects of colchicine in adult patients with respect to hypertension risk.

Results:
Just four trials were identified, including 899 patients across the qualitative and quantitative studies synthesised for this final review.
Two of these compared colchicine to a placebo and three compared it to other active drugs. The risk of hypertension was not found to be significantly different between colchicine and the placebo (RR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.10; 2.38, P = 0.38), and no heterogeneity was observed between studies (I2 = 0%, P = 0.96). When colchicine was compared to other active drugs, no statistically significant difference was observed in the risk of hypertension (RR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.09; 2.11, P = 0.31). Low heterogeneity was also observed between studies (I2 = 35%, P = 0.21). Only three events occurred in patients who received Colchicine (1.7%), as compared to the 25 events observed in patients who received other active drugs (5.5%), suggesting a lower risk of hypertension in cases applying colchicine

Conclusions:
The final results of this meta-analysis based on the hypothesis that colchicine does not cause any changes in blood pressure, thus presenting no additional risk of hypertension, was when not rejected, based on comparisons to both the placebo and other active drug groups.
ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE (NOS3) AND GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEIN (GNB3) GENES’ POLYMORPHISMS PORTEND OBESITY IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: THE GENDER ASPECT
Authors: Sydorchuk Andrii , Voroniuk Ksenia , Sydorchuk Larysa , Repchuk Yulia , Sydorchuk Ruslan , Iftoda. Oksana 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Obesity is a major risk factor of essential arterial hypertension (EAH) because of neuro-hormonal, sympathoadrenal and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, as well as endothelial dysfunction and systemic low grade inflammation. However, genetic mechanisms of obesity development in EAH patients remained unclear. Therefore, we studied the guanine nucleotide-binding protein-↓3 (GNB3, rs5443) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3, rs2070744) genes’ polymorphisms as possible genetic harbingers of obesity in EAH patients particularly focusing on gender.

Design and method:
One-hundred EAH patients with hypertensive-mediated organ damage (moderate-very high cardiovascular risks, aged 45-65 years) and 48 practically healthy (control) participated in the cohort case-control study. Obesity was determined by body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2. GNB3 (rs5443) and NOS3 (rs2070744) genotyping performed by TaqMan probes (CFX96 Real-Time PCR).

Results:
The NOS3 gene mutation in the homozygous state occurs in 16.67% of EAH patients and for the GNB3 gene in 8.33% of cases, which does not differ from the control group. The relative frequency of obese prevailed among EAH patients with the mutated C-allele carriers of the NOS3 gene by 31.94% (⇙2 = 13.58; p<0.001) and T-allele of the GNB3 gene (30.56%) in the absence of such among healthy control. The risk of obesity increases in EAH patients in C-allele carriers of the NOS3 gene almost 6 times [OR 95%CI:2.11-14.82; p<0.001] and in T-allele patients of the GNB3 gene – more than 10 times [OR 95%CI:2.25-45.44; p<0.001], 1.3 times more often in women than men (p<0,05), regardless the genes’ allelic state. The TT-genotype of the NOS3 gene and the CC-genotype of the GNB3 gene play a protective role against obesity.

Conclusions:
The C-allele of the NOS3 gene (rs2070744) and the T-allele of the GNB3 gene (rs5443) increase the obesity risk in hypertensive patients 6-10 fold (p<0.001) as well, 1.3 times more often in women, than men.
URINARY PROTEOMIC SIGNATURE OF THE RETINAL MICROVASCULATURE
Authors: Hu Angie , Wei Dongmei , Melgarejo Jesus , Latosinska Agnieszka , Vanassche Thomas , Mischak Harald , Verhamme Peter , Zhang Zhen-Yu 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
The retinal vasculature provides a window into the body's microcirculation. Variations in retinal vessel diameters have been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, such as stroke and coronary heart disease. As the pathogenesis of retinal microvascular diameter changes remain poorly understood, this study aimed to provide novel insights by characterizing the urinary proteomic signature of the retinal microvasculature.

Design and method:
The central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE), central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE), and arteriole-to venule-ratio (AVR) were measured from digitized retinal photographs of 562 randomly recruited Flemish participants (mean age, 48.9 years; 50.9% women). The urinary proteome was analyzed using capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regression analysis identified significant urinary peptides with adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, hypertension, plasma glucose, total and HDL cholesterol, eGFR, and history of cardiovascular disease. Reactome pathway enrichment analysis was performed to interpret the proteomic signature.

Results:
Table 1 shows participant characteristics. Of the 359 peptides analyzed, 19 were significantly associated with CRAE after adjusting for potential confounders and multiple testing (Table 2). In the proteomic profile, 14 peptides (74%) were fragments of collagen I, III, and XI proteins, while the remaining peptides were fragments of the fibrinogen alpha chain (11%), xylosyltransferase 1 (5%), S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (5%), and hemoglobin subunit alpha (5%) proteins. Pathway analysis showed that these proteins were predominantly involved in endothelial cell proliferation and migration, collagen formation and degradation, and cell-extracellular matrix interactions (Figure 1). No peptides were significantly associated with CRVE and AVR following adjustment.

Conclusions:
This study revealed a novel urinary proteomic signature as a potential biomarker of retinal arteriolar narrowing. The signature suggests fibrosis and neovascularization may be involved in retinal microvascular diameter changes. Further investigation may help elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the relationship between microvascular and macrovascular disease.
STUDY OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF GENES NERVOUS SYSTEM RELATED TO HEART FAILURE
Authors: Santos Mafalda , Matias Ana , Aguira Laura , Mascarenhas Mário Rui , Barbosa Mário , Falcão Luiz Menezes , Bicho Manuel , Inácio Ângela 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Heart Failure (HF) is a complex syndrome that can be amplified by pathology associated with the nervous system.
This study aims to investigate the contribution of genetic polymorphisms of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF, rs6265), Neurotrophic Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (NTRK2, rs2289656) and Neural Growth Factor (NGF, rs6330) genes in the development of HF.

Design and method:
A case-control study was conducted with a population of 261 individuals, of which 131 had HF (66 women and 65 men) with a median age of 77 years (Min = 31 years and Max = 96 years) and a BMI median of 25,00 Kg/m2 (Min = 17,80 Kg/m2 and Max = 47,30 Kg/m2), and 130 controls (113 women and 17 men) with a median of age 60,50 years (Min = 44 years and Max = 84 years) and a median BMI of 29,09 Kg/m2 (Min = 14,19 Kg/m2 and Max = 47,30 Kg/m2). Analyses of the 3 polymorphisms were performed using the Genotyping Endpoint PCR technique. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM software® SPSS® Statistics 28.0, with a statistical significance level set at p < 0,05.

Results:
For the rs2289656 polymorphism of the NTRK2 gene, the GG genotype was found to be a risk factor for HF [OR (CI, 95%) = 3.029 (1.053 – 8.718); p = 0.040]. The association between the presence of the A allele of the NTRK2 gene and HF [OR (CI, 95%) = 0.330 (0.115 – 0.950); p = 0.040] was also verified, with this allele constituting a protection factor. Regarding BDNF and NGF gene polymorphisms, no statistically significant differences were found. These results were adjusted for age, BMI and gender.

Conclusions:
These results show an association between the NTRK2 gene and HF, suggesting that this gene variation may enhance the development of HF. The identification of genetic polymorphisms that may somehow influence the development and severity of HF may allow its faster diagnosis and the application of methodologies for disease prevention. Moreover, our results will contribute to define a genomic profile associated with the role of the nervous system in HF.
BLOOD PRESSURE LOWERING TREATMENT AND BASELINE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN PRIMARY PREVENTION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Manta Eleni , Thomopoulos Costas , Konstantinidis Dimitrios , Drogkaris Sotirios , Polyzos Dimitrios , Tatakis Fotis , Tsioufis Konstantinos 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Blood pressure (BP) lowering is accompanied by reduced cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and death in hypertensive patients. No data are available for the effect of BP lowering in trials stratified according to baseline CV risk according to the SCORE-2 system.

Design and method:
A systematic review was conducted to identify randomized trials in electronic databases (Pubmed and CENTRAL, years: 1966 to 11/2022) for the effect of BP-lowering treatment against placebo, no treatment or less intense BP reduction on fatal or non-fatal CV outcomes. Selected studies reported outcomes in patients without a history of previous CV disease. In each study, we calculated baseline cardiovascular risk using SCORE-2. Risk ratios (RR) were calculated together with their 95% confidence interval (CI) under the random-effects model.

Results:
We studied 12 trials with low-to-moderate CV risk, n = 21,192 patients; 13 trials with high risk, n = 66,886; and 29 trials with very high risk, n = 79,061. For a standard SBP/DBP reduction of 10/5 mmHg, the relative risk of the combined outcome of major CV events (i.e., myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure) was decreased by 27% (95% CI, 22-35%) in the category of very high-risk patients, and by 10% in the category of high-risk patients (p value for interaction = 0.020). Also, the relative risk reduction of the combined outcome was progressively greater the higher the baseline CV risk (p trend = 0.006). The risk reduction of CV death showed a significant trend from lower to higher baseline CV risk (p trend = 0.036). CV death showed a significant reduction in the high-risk group compared to the low-moderate risk group (p = 0.005), and in the very high-risk group compared to the low-moderate risk group (p = 0.001).

Conclusions:
The greatest outcome benefit from BP lowering treatment in primary is observed in patients at higher baseline cardiovascular risk, as calculated by the SCORE-2.
DIFFERENCIAL HEMODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TRUE SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION AND SPURIUS HYPERTENSION IN THE YOUTH
Authors: Sanchez Ramiro Ariel , Ramirez Agustin Jose 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
In adolescents, isolated systolic hypertension (ISHT) could be associated with normal central blood pressure (cBP). This is called spurious hypertension (Sp-HT), typically occurs more in young males, and does not lead to organ damage compared to true ISHT (t-ISHT.
Recently, the possibility to measure non-invasively cBP seems to be a tool able to discriminate Sp-HT from t-ISHT.

Design and method:
To evaluate in ISHT youths the ability of cBP to discriminate both diagnosis, t-ISHT and Sp-HT and to analyze hemodynamic and arterial stiffness parameters in both group of patients (n = 58)

Methods:
From 75 young subjects, no receiving antihypertensive drugs, 58 (25±4 years, 32 male) of them were identified having ISHT by 24hs ABPM. Afterwards, cBP was evaluated through a validated Mobil-O-Graph device. vs intraarterial cBP measurements, performed by our group. By this way, 28 of them were considered having t-ISHT and the 30 remaining having Sp-HT.
In all of them, left ventricular mass index (LVMI, Echocardiography), Cardiac Index (CI), Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and microalbuminuria (mAlb) were recorded.

Results:
As Shown in Table 1, in t-ISHT, cBP, Heart Rate (HR), mAlb and CI were higher, compared to subjects with Sp-HT. The remaining parameters evaluated failed to show any statistical difference.

Conclusions:
In this cohort of youths, cBP was able to discriminate ISHT from Sp-HT. In addition, t-HT youths showed a hyperkinetic cardiac behavior (high Heart Rate and CI) and early target organ damage (increased LVMI and mAlb), thus suggesting and increased cardiovascular risk in these t-HT patients.
POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF HOME BLOOD PRESSURE TELEMONITORING (HBPTM), WITH CONCURRENT MEASUREMENT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, TO AID THE CONTROL OF BOTH HYPERTENSION AND HEART FAILURE
Authors: Peleska Jan , Muzik Jan , Holubova Anna , Camek Rene , Navratil Vojtech , Fiala Dominik , Doksansky Marek , Hana Karel , Vranka Jakub , Dolezil David , Jozifova Marie , Reissigova Jindra 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Despite the comparability of HBPM and ABPM in majority of cases (ESH 2021), physicians do not trust their patients to measure their BP correctly. Our study has also showed a small consistent significant difference between week mean systolic BP in HBPTM and daytime ABPM (ca 3 mmHg), and no difference between HBPTM and ABPM/24h (Athens 2022). The aim of this presentation is to show the advantages of HBPTM for practice.

Design and method:
BP monitor Fora P30Plus (triplets of BP measurements in morning and evening) and mobile phone for data transfer are used. The required 5 minutes of physical inactivity before BPM and daytime physical activity are checked in by Xiaomi MiBand 2 smart wristbands. BP and HR values are accessible to patients and their physicians on a secure server.

Results:
Diani telemedicine system enables recording of all BPM with the marked insufficient rest before BPM, a calculation of week total, morning and evening mean BP with export of logbook in pdf, a day profile with BPM each hour to detect hypotension and daytime physical activity. It is easy to browse through week cycles of HBMTM, to record patient troubles and therapy changes (also by the patient). The system reports extreme BP and HR values (suitable for medication titration in heart failure) and occurrence of arrhythmia by e-mail to both physician and patient. It reports voice evaluation of actual BPM to the patient and gives him a signal to start a new BPM in case of insufficient rest before BPM.

Conclusions:
HBPTM in connection with a smart wristband improves the reliability of HBPM. The system reports extreme BP and HR values by e-mail and voice evaluation of actual BPM to the patient. HBPTM is suitable for long-term BP follow-up and is technically sound. It has a potential for control of both BP and rehabilitation in heart failure. Questions around regulations and financing remain to be resolved.
COMPARISON STUDY FOR 24H AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT (ABPM) WITH BIOBEAT PATCH ABPM® CUFFLESS WEARABLE DEVICE IN SUBJECTS WITH DIFFERENT BODY MASS INDEX
Authors: Pecchioli Valerio , Lomartire Nazzareno , Valente Lucia , Pecchioli Lorenzo , Germanò Giuseppe I. 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
ABPM blood pressure measurement is a widely used method for the diagnosis and management of hypertension. In the era of digital medicine, the creation of some photoplethysmographic wearable sensors can allow to overcome the technical difficulties and procedural complexity that limit the use of ABPM-cuff systems. The purpose of the study is to validate whether the ABPM Biobeat cuffless patch improves the management of hypertensive patients and also to evaluate the degree of satisfaction through the measurement of the Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT) both in patients and healthcare personnel.

Design and method:
We enrolled 30 patients, divided into two groups. For both groups, BP was monitored for 24 hours with traditional and wireless wearable systems and satisfaction questionnaires were administered.
Subsequently, subgroups of analyzes will be extrapolated by isolating the obese group: patients who used the larger cuff with arm diameter 42 cm, compared to those of normal weight.
will also be addressed to operators questioned on the applicability of calibrated versus non-calibrated and self-wearable devices by the patient independently compared to those who necessarily have to go to the clinic.
The clinical data and the variables measured in the study groups were compared using the Bland Altman plot to indicate the level of agreement between the different measurement methods and between observers measuring the same phenomenon.
At the end of the procedure we administered a customer satisfaction questionnaire for users and operators.

Results:
the data analysis highlighted an adequacy of the wearable patch for the number of valid measurements performed in 24 hours.
There was improved accuracy of the wearable system in detecting values exceeding 130 mmHg for SBP and 89 mmHg for PAD.
The satisfaction regarding the wearability of the BioBeat Patch ABPM system was also significant.

Conclusions:
The extremely encouraging results obtained with this preliminary pilot study allow us to continue enrolling other subjects in order to have a significant sample size.
COULD THE CAROTID BODY REDUCTION BE RELATED TO RESISTANT AND UNCONTROLLED HYPERTENSION?
Authors: Silva Lamoel Mohandas Cruz da , Morais Camilla Giovanna Vieira de , Albuquerque Juliana Lara Santos de , Morales Kevin Rafael de Paula , Rochitte Carlos Eduardo , Lacchini Silvia 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Considering that the carotid bodies act on autonomic regulation and their impact on blood pressure control still needs to be better clarified, the objective of the study was to characterize the carotid body of patients with controlled and uncontrolled hypertension through a retrospective study of angiotomography.

Design and method:
For this, CT angiograms of hypertensive patients treated and evaluated at Heart Institute (USP, São Paulo, Brazil) were studied. The evaluated patients were separated into three groups: controlled hypertensive (C-Hyp, receiving up to 2 categories of antihypertensive drugs), resistant hypertensive (receiving 3 or more categories of antihypertensive drugs), with controlled blood pressure (CR-Hyp) and uncontrolled (UnCR -Hyp). CT angiography (Aquilion ONE/PRISM – Canon) of patients undergoing evaluation of cervical arteries with iodinated contrast were evaluated. The reconstructions of the arteries used slices of 0.5mm thickness, with orthogonal measurements of the carotid body to assess the diameters and bilateral carotid bifurcations.

Results:
The morphology of the common, internal and external carotid arteries was very similar between groups. The mean age of the assessed groups was not significantly different (C-Hyp: 59±14; CR-Hyp: 66±8; UnCR-Hyp: 52±13 years). In the C-Hyp group (n = 29), 24% had uncontrolled blood pressure, perhaps associated with the treatment adjustment process. When assessing the presence of atherosclerotic lesions, the C-Hyp and CR-Hyp groups showed a higher proportion (34% and 40%, respectively), when compared to uncontrolled resistant hypertensive patients (8.3%); however, this lower precentage must be due to the duration of treatment and the control of comorbidities that these patients must undergo. On the other hand, the UnCR-Hyp group showed a reduction in the axial and sagittal measures of the carotid body (1.9±0.3 and 2.8±0.7mm, respectively, -14% and -12%).

Conclusions:
This reduction observed in the carotid body may be related to a loss of microvascularization (making it difficult to measure on tomography) and interfering with blood pressure control in the UnCR-Hyp group. Further studies, including more patients and normotensive individuals, will be important to define which pattern of changes in the carotid body may be related to the loss of response to antihypertensive treatment.