bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deposition of biomimetic biocompatible oxides on metallic glass surface by electro‐discharge coating process
Authors: Aliyu A. A. , Abdul‐Rani A. M. , Al‐Amin M. , Hastuty S. , Razak M. A. , Ali S. , Danish M. , Rubaiee S. , Bin Mahfouz A. , Hamza A. N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBulk metallic glass demonstrates superior mechanical properties and excellent bio‐mechanical stability compared to routinely used biomaterials like titanium, cobalt‐chromium, stainless steel, et cetera. However, the metallic glass surface do not easily adhere to the leaving tissues due to native bio‐inert oxide layer, which have poor wear resistance and low hardness. In this current study an innovative method for surface coating of bulk metallic glass by mixing hydroxyapatite powder during electro‐discharge machining has been employed. A biomimetic nano‐porous bio‐ceramic layer of oxides and carbides was deposited on metallic glass surface. The modified surface integrity and composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, and x‐ray diffraction characterization techniques. The characterization results confirmed the formation of a natural bone‐like nano‐porous surface topography on the metallic glass surface using a novel hydroxyapatite‐mixed electro‐discharge coating process. In addition, a favourable surface chemistry in the form of bioceramic carbides (zirconium carbide, titanium carbide) and zirconium oxide layers, was achieved.
Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of high velocity oxy fuel thermal spray coating: A review
Authors: Sharma R. K. , Das R. K. , Kumar S. R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIron alloy based amorphous coating materials have enormous potential in wide range of applications such as petrochemical, aerospace, ocean, and electronic communications due to their better mechanical properties, chemical properties, magnetic properties and tribological properties. The industrial applications of coating are increasing rapidly due to many advancements in the material development and coating deposition techniques. The present paper reviewed the recent progresses in deposition technologies, development of new high order alloys and composite based coating materials. In this regard, change in microstructure, elemental composition, mechanical and tribological properties on performance of iron alloy based coating properties were presented. It can be concluded that the tribological properties of coating is dependent on pre‐coating and post‐coating factors. Pre‐coating factors include coating deposition techniques, coating layer thickness and coating parameters such as spray distance, oxygen flow rate etc. Post‐coating factors include microstructure, hardness, fracture toughness and adhesion strength. Therefore, multi‐criteria decision making techniques can be the best approach to find the optimum formulation of coating materials to achieve desired set of objectives under the conflicting criteria.
Angiopoietin‐like protein 3 promotes colorectal cancer progression and liver metastasis partly via the mitogen‐activated protein kinase 14 pathway
Authors: Wang Yuexia , Yi Yi , Pan Shengli , Zhang Yuhao , Fu Jun , Wu Xiaolin , Qin Xianju 
Published: January 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and liver metastasis represents a considerable challenge during CRC treatment. Aberrant expression of angiopoietin‐like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) has been reported in several human cancer types. However, the function and mechanism of ANGPTL3 in CRC remain unclear. In this study, we first explored ANGPTL3 expression profiles in CRC datasets from ONCOMINE and in local samples from patients with CRC. We then elucidated the function of ANGPTL3 via knockdown and overexpression experiments. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to investigate the biological function and associated molecular mechanisms of ANGPTL3 in CRC oncogenesis and development. Finally, a xenograft model of liver metastasis was used to determine the role of ANGPTL3 in CRC metastasis. Our findings indicated that ANGPTL3 expression was upregulated in human CRC tissues, with high ANGPTL3 expression significantly correlated with poor survival of patients with CRC. ANGPTL3 overexpression promoted the proliferation and migration of CRC cells partially through mitogen‐activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), while ANGPTL3 silencing had the opposite effect. Moreover, ANGPTL3 downregulation suppressed tumor growth and liver metastasis in xenograft mice. Collectively, the results presented here indicate that ANGPTL3 promotes cell proliferation and liver metastasis partly via MAPK14, suggesting that ANGPTL3 plays a tumor‐promoting role in CRC progression and thus may represent a therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
First Clinical Report on the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease with Fetal Midbrain Precursor Cells
Authors: Kim Joopyoung , Inbo Han , Kim Hyun Sook , Kim WonChan , Jang Su Jin , Min Kyunghoon , Kim Sang Heum , Bae Sang‐Hun , Jeong Yun‐Hwa , Kim Borah , Kim Chul , Schwarz Sigrid C. , Schwarz Johannes , Cho Kyung Gi , Chung Sang‐Sup , Moon Jisook 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundBecause human fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue grafts provide promising results in ameliorating Parkinson's disease–implicated motor dysfunctions, human fetal midbrain‐derived dopamine neuronal precursor cells are considered good candidates for cell‐based therapy for Parkinson's disease in that large quantities of cells can be supplied through a good manufacturing practice–compliant system.ObjectiveWe conducted a prospective, phase I/IIa, dose‐escalation, open‐label “first‐in‐human” clinical trial with fetal neural precursor cells to assess their safety and therapeutic efficacy in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.MethodsFifteen patients were assigned to receive three different doses of cells (4 × 106, 12 × 106, and 40 × 106 cells) and completed a 12‐month follow‐up. The primary outcome was safety, by measuring the presence of grade 3 or higher cells according to National Cancer Institute guidelines and any contaminated cells. Secondary outcomes assessed motor and neurocognitive function, as well as the level of dopamine transporters, by positron emission tomography–computed tomography.ResultsAlthough a pronation‐supination and hand/arm movement performance was remarkably enhanced in all three groups (all P < 0.05), the medium‐ and high‐dose‐treated groups exhibited significant improvement in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III only up to 26.16% and 40%, respectively, at 12 months after transplantation without any serious clinical complications or graft‐induced dyskinesia in all patients. However, the motor improvements did not correlate with increase in the dopamine transporter on positron emission tomography images.ConclusionsOur results primarily demonstrate the safety and plausible dose‐dependent efficacy of human fetal midbrain‐derived dopamine neuronal precursor cells for idiopathic Parkinson's disease. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
A novel mathematical model to generate semi‐automated optimal IMRT treatment plan based on predicted 3D dose distribution and prescribed dose
Authors: Yousefi Ali , Ketabi Saeedeh , Abedi Iraj 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, with the development of artificial intelligence and deep learning techniques, it has become possible to predict the three‐dimensional distribution dose (3D3) of a new patient based on the treatment plans of similar recent patients. Therefore, some new questions have arisen for the above issue: how to make use of the predicted 3D3 obtained from deep learning, to facilitate treatment planning? How to convert the predicted 3D3 to a clinical deliverable Pareto optimal plan? Little research has been done and limited software has been developed in this regard.PurposeIn the current research, an attempt was made to contribute the knowledge‐based planning by presenting a new mathematical model, and to take a novel step towards optimizing the treatment plan derived from both predicted 3D3 as well as dose prescription to generate a semi‐automated clinically applicable optimal IMRT treatment plan.MethodsThe presented model has benefited from both prescribed dose as well as predicted dose and its objective function includes both quadratic and linear phrases, so it was called the QuadLin model. The model has been run on the data of 30 patients with head and neck cancer randomly selected from the Open‐KBP dataset. There are 19 sets of dose prediction data for each patient in this database. Therefore, a total of 570 problems have been solved in the CVX framework with commercial solver Mosek and the results have been evaluated by two plan quality approaches (1) DVH points differences, and (2) satisfied clinical criteria.ResultsThe results of the current study indicate a strong significant improvement in almost all plan evaluation indicators compared to the reference plan of the dataset, 3D3 predictions, as well as the results of previous research, based on the Wilcoxon signed ranks test with a significance level of 0.01. Accordingly, for all regions of interest (ROIs) (or structures) of all 570 problems total clinical indicators have improved by more than 21%, 15%, and at least13%, on average, compared to the predicted dose, the reference plan, and previous research, respectively, with 341 s as the average of solving time.ConclusionsEvaluation of the research results indicates the significant effect of the QuadLin model on improving the dose delivery to the target volumes while reducing the dose and preserving organs at risk. Based on the literature, the proposed model has generated the best‐known treatment plan from the predicted 3D3 so far.
Weakly supervised perivascular spaces segmentation with salient guidance of Frangi filter
Authors: Lan Haoyu , Lynch Kirsten M. , Custer Rachel , Shih Nien‐Chu , Sherlock Patrick , Toga Arthur W. , Sepehrband Farshid , Choupan Jeiran 
Published: January 2023

PurposeTo develop a weakly supervised 3D perivascular spaces (PVS) segmentation model that combines the filter‐based image processing algorithm and the convolutional neural network.MethodsWe present a weakly supervised learning method for PVS segmentation by combing a rule‐based image processing approach Frangi filter with a canonical deep learning algorithm Unet using conditional random field theory. The weighted cross entropy loss function and the training patch selection were implemented for the optimization and to alleviate the class imbalance issue. The performance of the model was evaluated on the Human Connectome Project data.ResultsThe proposed method increases the true positive rate compared to the rule‐based method and reduces the false positive rate by 36% in the weakly supervised training experiment and 39.4% in the supervised training experiment compared to Unet, which results in superior overall performance. In addition, by training the model on manually quality controlled and annotated data which includes the subjects with the presence of white matter hyperintensities, the proposed method differentiates between PVS and white matter hyperintensities, which reduces the false positive rate by 78.5% compared to weakly supervised trained model.ConclusionsCombing the filter‐based image processing algorithm and the convolutional neural network algorithm could improve the model's segmentation accuracy, while reducing the training dependence on the large scale annotated PVS mask data by the trained physician. Compared to the filter‐based image processing algorithm, the data driven PVS segmentation model using quality‐controlled data as the training target could differentiate the white matter hyperintensity from PVS resulting low false positive rate.
Quantifying and Improving the Performance of Speech Recognition Systems on Dysphonic Speech
Authors: Hidalgo Lopez Julio C. , Sandeep Shelly , Wright MaKayla , Wandell Grace M. , Law Anthony B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study seeks to quantify how current speech recognition systems perform on dysphonic input and if they can be improved.Study DesignExperimental machine learning methods based on a retrospective database.SettingSingle academic voice center.MethodsA database of dysphonic speech recordings was created and tested against 3 speech recognition platforms. Platform performance on dysphonic voice input was compared to platform performance on normal voice input. A custom speech recognition model was trained on voice from patients with spasmodic dysphonia or vocal cord paralysis. Custom model performance was compared to base model performance.ResultsAll platforms performed well on normal voice, and 2 platforms performed significantly worse on dysphonic speech. Accuracy metrics on dysphonic speech returned values of 84.55%, 88.57%, and 93.56% for International Business Machines (IBM) Watson, Amazon Transcribe, and Microsoft Azure, respectively. The secondary analysis demonstrated that the lower performance of IBM Watson and Amazon Transcribe was driven by performance on spasmodic dysphonia and vocal fold paralysis. Thus, a custom model was built to increase the accuracy of these pathologies on the Microsoft platform. Overall, the performance of the custom model on dysphonic voices was 96.43% and on normal voices was 97.62%.ConclusionCurrent speech recognition systems generally perform worse on dysphonic speech than on normal speech. We theorize that poor performance is a consequence of a lack of dysphonic voices in each platform's original training dataset. We address this limitation with transfer learning used to increase the performance of these systems on all dysphonic speech.
A fatal case of fulminant neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A case report
Authors: Komoriya Hitomi , Nomura Konoka , Shirata Toshinori , Kobayashi Tadahiro , Nakane Masaki , Noto Keisuke , Kobayashi Ryota , Suzuki Akihito 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a rare but potentially life‐threatening adverse reaction to treatment with antipsychotic drugs, is characterized by hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, impaired consciousness, and autonomic disturbances. Some reports have described rapidly progressing cases of NMS resulting in death within several days. This report describes a clinical course of fatal and fulminant NMS in a patient with schizoaffective disorder.Case PresentationA 67‐year‐old man had long been in a stable condition under antipsychotic pharmacotherapy. At 3 days before admission to our hospital, he complained of diarrhea, fatigue, and reduced appetite. On admission to our hospital, he showed fever, mild muscle rigidity at the four extremities, elevated heart rate, hypertension, excessive diaphoresis, and decreased percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2). He was diagnosed as having NMS. Within 3 days after the onset of NMS, he displayed severe hyperthermia up to 41.4°C and severe autonomic disturbances, including elevated heart rate and hypertension. Despite treatments with dantrolene and bromocriptine, he went into shock and died on the fourth day after admission.ConclusionThe present case suggests that severe hyperthermia and severe autonomic disturbances at the early stage of the onset might be signs of fatal and fulminant NMS. It may be recommended that clinicians consider electro‐convulsive therapy when treating fulminant NMS with these symptoms.
Outpatient fluoroquinolone use in relation to European Medicines Agency's recommendation: An Estonian nationwide drug utilization study
Authors: Kurvits Katrin , Uusküla Maia , Vestman Helve , Laius Ott 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeTo determine possible changes in prescribing of fluoroquinolones in relation to the European Medicines Agency's (EMA) recommendation in October 2018.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide time‐series study on outpatient use of fluoroquinolones during January 2016–June 2021 in Estonia. Joinpoint regression was used to identify change points over time. Several subgroup analyses by prescriber specialty, indication group, risk factors for tendon injury, aortic aneurysm/dissection or heart valve regurgitation/incompetence and the prescribing of other antibiotics were performed.ResultsDuring the study period 236 989 prescriptions of fluoroquinolones were dispensed to 142 659 persons. The number of episodes per month declined from 3780 (2.9/1000 inhabitants) to 2570 (1.9/1000 inhabitants). We identified three change points with four different trend segments: from January 2016 to November 2018 monthly percent change (MPC) −0.4%, from November 2018 to June 2019 MPC −2.5%, from June 2019 to July 2020 MPC 1.7% and from July 2020 to June 2021 MPC −3.3%. Prescribing for indications which were removed or restricted by EMA's recommendation comprised a small proportion of all fluoroquinolone episodes −2.8% and 6.3%, respectively. The risk factors for tendon injury and for cardiac disorders (aortic aneurysm/dissection or heart valve regurgitation/incompetence) were present in 46.4% and 57.8% episodes of fluoroquinolone users, respectively. No changes in the trend of prescribing to users with risk factors was detected.ConclusionsThe EMA's recommendation may have contributed to the greater decline in the use of fluoroquinolones. However, there is still a high proportion of users with predisposing factors for tendon injury and serious cardiac disorders.
Liquid crystal epoxy composites based on functionalized boron nitride: Synthesis and thermal properties
Authors: Feng Zhiqiang , Liu Xiaohong , Liu Jiaming , Chen Xi , Chen Bifang , Liang Liyan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA composite was prepared by in‐situ polymerization of liquid crystal epoxy (LCE4) with a low dielectric and high thermal conductivity boron nitride (BN) filler, which the filler (f‐BN) was surface‐functionalized by γ‐glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560) and aminopropylisobutyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (NH2‐POSS). The surface‐functionalized BN was more uniformly dispersed in LCE4, which improved the interfacial compatibility between inorganic and organic phases. Compared with pure LCE4, KH560, and NH2‐POSS modified f‐BN/LCE4 composites exhibited a higher glass transition temperature, better thermal stability, and higher thermal conductivity. For example, when the f‐BN content reached 30 wt%, the energy storage modulus of the composite increased to 2580 MPa, and the glass transition temperature was 103°C. The thermal conductivity of this 30 wt% f‐BN composite was 0.48 W m−1 K−1, 128.6% higher than that of pure LCE4. In addition, thermal stability, low hygroscopicity, and dielectric properties of the composites were characterized and analyzed to explore the application prospects of f‐BN/LCE4 composites in electronic packaging and in high‐performance microelectronic devices.
Strategic cost and sustainability analyses of injection molding and material extrusion additive manufacturing
Authors: Kazmer David , Peterson Amy M. , Masato Davide , Colon Austin R. , Krantz Joshua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEconomic and environmental costs are assessed for four different plastics manufacturing processes, including cold and hot runner molding as well as stock and upgraded material extrusion three dimensional (3D) printers. A larger stock 3D printer was found to provide a melting capacity of 14.4 ml/h, while a smaller printer with an upgraded extruder had a melting capacity of 36 ml/h. 3D printing at these maximum melting capacities resulted in specific energy consumption (SEC) of 16.5 and 5.28 kWh/kg, respectively, with the latter value being less than 50% of the lowest values reported in the literature. Even so, analysis of these respective processes found them to be only 2.9% and 3.8% efficient relative to their theoretical minimum energy requirements. By comparison, cold and hot runner molding with an all‐electric machine had SEC of 1.28 and 0.929 kWh/kg, respectively, with efficiencies of 9.9% and 13.6% relative to the theoretical minima. Breakeven analysis considering the cost and carbon footprint of mold tooling found injection molding was preferable at a production quantity of around 70,000 units. Parametric analysis of model inputs indicates that the breakeven quantities are robust with respect to carbon tax incentives but highly dependent on mold costs, labor costs, and part size. Dimensional and mechanical properties of the molded and 3D printed specimens are also characterized and discussed.
Preparation of oriented poly(lactic acid) thin films by a combination of high temperature rubbing and thermal annealing: Impact of annealing parameters on structure, polymorphism and morphology
Authors: Brosset Marion , Herrmann Laurent , Falher Thierry , Brinkmann Martin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh temperature rubbing is a fast and low‐cost method to prepare highly oriented films of polymers. This contribution describes the fabrication of smooth and pin‐hole‐free poly(lactic acid) (PLA) thin films of controlled structure and morphology using a combination of rubbing at moderate temperature (T ≤ 100°C) and thermal annealing. We investigate the impact of annealing temperature and duration on the structure of rubbed PLLA and stereo‐complex (SC) thin films. The importance of annealing parameters on polymorphism, crystallinity, crystal dimensions and in‐plane orientation are analyzed using Transmission Electron Microscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and FTIR spectroscopy. Regarding SC PLA films, the conditions are identified to fully transform the equimolar PLLA‐PDLA blend films into pure oriented SC films without presence of homocrystals.
Swing‐out opening of stromal interaction molecule 1
Authors: Horvath Ferdinand , Berlansky Sascha , Maltan Lena , Grabmayr Herwig , Fahrner Marc , Derler Isabella , Romanin Christoph , Renger Thomas , Krobath Heinrich 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and senses luminal calcium (Ca2+) concentration. STIM1 activation involves a large‐scale conformational transition that exposes a STIM1 domain termed “CAD/SOAR”, ‐ which is required for activation of the calcium channel Orai. Under resting cell conditions, STIM1 assumes a quiescent state where CAD/SOAR is suspended in an intramolecular clamp formed by the coiled‐coil 1 domain (CC1) and CAD/SOAR. Here, we present a structural model of the cytosolic part of the STIM1 resting state using molecular docking simulations that take into account previously reported interaction sites between the CC1α1 and CAD/SOAR domains. We corroborate and refine previously reported interdomain coiled‐coil contacts. Based on our model, we provide a detailed analysis of the CC1‐CAD/SOAR binding interface using molecular dynamics simulations. We find a very similar binding interface for a proposed domain‐swapped configuration of STIM1, where the CAD/SOAR domain of one monomer interacts with the CC1α1 domain of another monomer of STIM1. The rich structural and dynamical information obtained from our simulations reveals novel interaction sites such as M244, I409, or E370, which are crucial for STIM1 quiescent state stability. We tested our predictions by electrophysiological and Förster resonance energy transfer experiments on corresponding single‐point mutants. These experiments provide compelling support for the structural model of the STIM1 quiescent state reported here. Based on transitions observed in enhanced‐sampling simulations paired with an analysis of the quiescent STIM1 conformational dynamics, our work offers a first atomistic model for CC1α1‐CAD/SOAR detachment.