bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of policies or interventions that influence the school food environment on children’s health and nonhealth outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Durão Solange , Wilkinson Maryke , Davids Eugene L , Gerritsen Annette , Kredo Tamara 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
Globally, 1 in 3 children under 5 years is undernourished or overweight, and 1 in 2 suffers from hidden hunger due to nutrient deficiencies. As children spend a considerable time at school, school-based policies that aim to improve children’s dietary intake may help address this double burden of malnutrition.

Objective
This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of implementing policies or interventions that influence the school food environment on children’s health and nonhealth outcomes.

Data sources, extraction, and analysis
Eleven databases were searched up to April 2020 and the World Health Organization (WHO) released a call for data due in June 2020. Records were screened against the eligibility criteria, and data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment were conducted by 1 reviewer and checked by another. The synthesis was based on effect direction, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach.

Conclusions
Seventy-four studies reporting 10 different comparisons were included. The body of evidence indicates that interventions addressing the school food environment may have modest beneficial effects on certain key outcomes. Nutrition standards for healthy foods and beverages at schools, interventions that change how food is presented and positioned, and fruit and vegetable provision may have a beneficial effect on the consumption of healthy foods and beverages. Regarding effects on the consumption of discretionary foods and beverages, nutrition standards may have beneficial effects. Nutrition standards for foods and beverages, changes to portion size served, and the implementation of multiple nudging strategies may have beneficial effects on energy intake. Regarding effects of purchasing or selecting healthier foods, changes to how food is presented and positioned may be beneficial. This review was commissioned and supported by the WHO (registration 2020/1001698-0). WHO reviewed and approved the protocol for the systematic review and reviewed the initial report of the completed systematic review.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no: CRD42020186265.
Rectal ulcers: a complication from stool management system use
Authors: Haider Muhammad , Master Madiha , Master Muhammad , Khalilova Evelina , Daoud Magda , Nfonoyim Jay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Fecal management System (FMS) is widely used across medical facilities in United States. These devices have helped in preventing problems associated with fecal incontinence. Although highly efficient, these devices can also lead to certain complications including rectal ulcer and lower Gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. Here, we report a case of a 56-year-old male being treated for pneumonia and atrial fibrillation, who had significant lower GI bleed while being on FMS for stool incontinence. A colonoscopy was performed, which showed multiple rectal ulcers with one large ulcer having a visible pulsating vessel. This case highlights a rarely reported complication of rectal ulcers and GI bleed associated with use of FMS.
A successful antenatal outcome in a patient with refractory Takayasu’s arteritis treated with tocilizumab throughout pregnancy—a case report
Authors: Khan Behram , David Trixy , Sussman Jon , Simcox Louise , Tower Clare , Soh Calvin , Bruce Ian N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) is a rare form of large-vessel vasculitis for which tocilizumab (TCZ) may be administered in resistant or refractory disease. Current British Society of Rheumatology advice is to stop TCZ 3-months pre-conception. We report the case of a 33-year-old woman with extensive TA treated with TCZ, azathioprine and glucocorticoids in pregnancy. She was closely monitored with MDT input and TCZ was continued throughout pregnancy as the benefits were thought to outweigh the risks. Our case also highlights the importance of accurate blood pressure monitoring in an appropriate anatomical location, given the extent of her disease. Our patient’s disease remained stable throughout the antenatal and post-partum period with a successful pregnancy outcome and no maternal or foetal complications. TCZ is suitable for select cases of refractory TA during pregnancy.
Severe metabolic acidosis due to massive metformin overdose in a man: a case report
Authors: Manouchehri Aliasghar , Rashidian Hale , Zakariaei Zakaria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetformin-associated lactic acidosis is an extremely unusual but potentially life-threatening condition. This condition is typically observed in individuals who are suicidal or have type II diabetes mellitus (DM) and have taken an overdose of metformin. In this case, we present the instance of a 43-year-old man who had type II DM and was addicted to oral opium. Following a suicide attempt with an overdose of metformin, he experienced symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, weakness and lactic acidosis. However, prompt and effective treatment was administered, including hemodialysis and adequate hemodynamic resuscitation, leading to a successful outcome.
An extracellular matrix-mimetic coating with dual bionics for cardiovascular stents
Authors: Chen Nuoya , Li Mingyu , Wu Haoshaung , Qin Yumei , Wang Jian , Xu Kai , Luo Rifang , Yang Li , Wang Yunbing , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Anti-inflammation and anti-coagulation are the primary requirements for cardiovascular stents and also the widely accepted trajectory for multi-functional modification. In this work, we proposed an extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic coating for cardiovascular stents with the amplified functionalization of recombinant humanized collagen type III (rhCOL III), where the biomimetics were driven by structure mimicry and component/function mimicry. Briefly, the structure-mimic was constructed by the formation of a nanofiber (NF) structure via the polymerization of polysiloxane with a further introduction of amine groups as the nanofibrous layer. The fiber network could function as a three-dimensional reservoir to support the amplified immobilization of rhCoL III. The rhCOL III was tailored for anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory and endothelialization promotion properties, which endows the ECM-mimetic coating with desired surface functionalities. Stent implantation in the abdominal aorta of rabbits was conducted to validate the in vivo re-endothelialization of the ECM-mimetic coating. The mild inflammatory responses, anti-thrombotic property, promotion of endothelialization and suppression of excessive neointimal hyperplasia confirmed that the ECM-mimetic coating provided a promising approach for the modification of vascular implants.
A Scoping Review of Workplace Interventions to Promote Positive Attitudes Toward Older Workers and Reduce Age-Based Discrimination
Authors: Sinclair Craig , Joffe Tomer , Ginnivan Natasha , Parker Sharon K , Anstey Kaarin J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Population aging trends have created a need for effective policies to extend adult working lives. Previous research has identified the prevalence of negative attitudes (age-related stereotypes, prejudice, and discriminatory behaviors) directed toward older workers in the workplace context. The current scoping review aimed to describe and assess the current evidence in support of different types of interventions aimed at promoting positive attitudes and reducing age-based discrimination in the workplace context. A search of peer-reviewed and grey literature databases identified 22 relevant studies, including data from 5,078 adult participants, across laboratory and field settings. From examination of these studies, we propose and describe four thematic categories of interventions, as a way of organizing this literature: “de-biasing interventions,” “brief attitudinal interventions,” “age diversity workshop interventions,” and “structural or contextual interventions.” At the current point in time, studies assessing age diversity workshop interventions appear to be the strongest, having a clear theoretical basis, having a focus on interventions that can be delivered in workplace settings, and providing evidence for positive effects on measures that are meaningful for organizations and older workers. While a number of promising interventions have been tested, most studies were only able to demonstrate improvements in explicit measurements of attitudes toward older adults, immediately following the intervention. Collaborative partnerships with organizations and further high-quality studies (particularly in field settings) are required to support the development, evaluation, and implementation of interventions to promote positive attitudes toward older adults in real-world workplace settings.
Aberrant activation of Notch1 signaling in the mouse uterine epithelium promotes hyper‐proliferation by increasing estrogen sensitivity
Authors: Xu Qi‐Xin , Madhavan Manoj , Wei Shu‐Wen , Zhang Wang‐Qing , Lu Lei , Wang Ke‐Zhi , Genna Moldovan , Song Yong , Zhao Yu , Shao Huan‐Ting , Kang Jin‐Wen , Fazleabas Asgerally T. , Arora Ripla , Su Ren‐Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn mammals, the endometrium undergoes dynamic changes in response to estrogen and progesterone to prepare for blastocyst implantation. Two distinct types of endometrial epithelial cells, the luminal (LE) and glandular (GE) epithelial cells play different functional roles during this physiological process. Previously, we have reported that Notch signaling plays multiple roles in embryo implantation, decidualization, and postpartum repair. Here, using the uterine epithelial‐specific Ltf‐iCre, we showed that Notch1 signaling over‐activation in the endometrial epithelium caused dysfunction of the epithelium during the estrous cycle, resulting in hyper‐proliferation. During pregnancy, it further led to dysregulation of estrogen and progesterone signaling, resulting in infertility in these animals. Using 3D organoids, we showed that over‐activation of Notch1 signaling increased the proliferative potential of both LE and GE cells and reduced the difference in transcription profiles between them, suggesting disrupted differentiation of the uterine epithelium. In addition, we demonstrated that both canonical and non‐canonical Notch signaling contributed to the hyper‐proliferation of GE cells, but only the non‐canonical pathway was involved with estrogen sensitivity in the GE cells. These findings provided insights into the effects of Notch1 signaling on the proliferation, differentiation, and function of the uterine epithelium. This study demonstrated the important roles of Notch1 signaling in regulating hormone response and differentiation of endometrial epithelial cells and provides an opportunity for future studies in estrogen‐dependent diseases, such as endometriosis.
A static magnetic field improves bone quality and balances the function of bone cells with regulation on iron metabolism and redox status in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Lv Huanhuan , Wang Yijia , Zhen Chenxiao , Liu Junyu , Chen Xin , Zhang Gejing , Yao Wei , Guo Huijie , Wei Yunpeng , Wang Shenghang , Yang Jiancheng , Shang Peng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis is one of the chronic complications of type 1 diabetes with high risk of fracture. The prevention of diabetic osteoporosis is of particular importance. Static magnetic fields (SMFs) exhibit advantages on improvement of diabetic complications. The biological effects and mechanism of SMFs on bone health of type 1 diabetic mice and functions of bone cells under high glucose have not been clearly clarified. In animal experiment, six‐week‐old male C57BL/6J mice were induced to type 1 diabetes and exposed to SMF of 0.4–0.7 T for 4 h/day lasting for 6 weeks. Bone mass, biomechanical strength, microarchitecture and metabolism were determined by DXA, three‐point bending assay, micro‐CT, histochemical and biochemical methods. Exposure to SMF increased BMD and BMC of femur, improved biomechanical strength with higher ultimate stress, stiffness and elastic modulus, and ameliorated the impaired bone microarchitecture in type 1 diabetic mice by decreasing Tb.Pf, Ct.Po and increasing Ct.Th. SMF enhanced bone turnover by increasing the level of markers for bone formation (OCN and Collagen I) as well as bone resorption (CTSK and NFAT2). In cellular experiment, MC3T3‐E1 cells or primary osteoblasts and RAW264.7 cells were cultured in 25 mM high glucose‐stimulated diabetic marrow microenvironment under differentiation induction and exposed to SMF. SMF promoted osteogenesis with higher ALP level and mineralization deposition in osteoblasts, and it also enhanced osteoclastogenesis with higher TRAP activity and bone resorption in osteoclasts under high glucose condition. Further, SMF increased iron content with higher FTH1 expression and regulated the redox level through activating HO‐1/Nrf2 in tibial tissues, and lowered hepatic iron accumulation by BMP6‐mediated regulation of hepcidin and lipid peroxidation in mice with type 1 diabetes. Thus, SMF may act as a potential therapy for improving bone health in type 1 diabetes with regulation on iron homeostasis metabolism and redox status.
Nursing Faculty Job Satisfaction During COVID-19
Authors: Sessions Laura C. , Ness Michelle , Mark Hayley , Yang Bo Kyum 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to understand stress, resilience, and compassion satisfaction of nursing faculty during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify factors related to their job satisfaction.

BACKGROUND
The impacts of COVID-19 on faculty stress, resilience, compassion satisfaction, and job satisfaction were unknown.

METHOD
A mixed-methods survey was distributed electronically to nursing faculty in the United States.

RESULTS
Compassion satisfaction and resilience were positively correlated with job satisfaction; stress and job satisfaction were negatively correlated. Feeling safe to teach, feeling supported by administration, and spending more hours teaching online were positively associated with job satisfaction. Three themes were identified: challenges in the workplace, struggles with personal stressors, and building capacity in the face of the unknown.

CONCLUSION
Faculty reported a strong professional commitment to nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Leadership that supported faculty through concern for their safety contributed to participants’ ability to respond to the challenges experienced.
Glutamine synthetase-negative hepatocellular carcinoma has better prognosis and response to sorafenib treatment after hepatectomy
Authors: Shao Mingyang , Tao Qing , Xu Yahong , Xu Qing , Shu Yuke , Chen Yuwei , Shen Junyi , Zhou Yongjie , Wu Zhenru , Chen Menglin , Yang Jiayin , Shi Yujun , Wen Tianfu , Bu Hong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Glutamine synthetase (GS) and arginase 1 (Arg1) are widely used pathological markers that discriminate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; however, their clinical significance in HCC remains unclear.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed 431 HCC patients: 251 received hepatectomy alone, and the other 180 received sorafenib as adjuvant treatment after hepatectomy. Expression of GS and Arg1 in tumor specimens was evaluated using immunostaining. mRNA sequencing and immunostaining to detect progenitor markers (cytokeratin 19 [CK19] and epithelial cell adhesion molecule [EpCAM]) and mutant TP53 were also conducted.

Results:
Up to 72.4% (312/431) of HCC tumors were GS positive (GS+). Of the patients receiving hepatectomy alone, GS negative (GS−) patients had significantly better overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) than GS+ patients; negative expression of Arg1, which is exclusively expressed in GS− hepatocytes in the healthy liver, had a negative effect on prognosis. Of the patients with a high risk of recurrence who received additional sorafenib treatment, GS− patients tended to have better RFS than GS+ patients, regardless of the expression status of Arg1. GS+ HCC tumors exhibit many features of the established proliferation molecular stratification subtype, including poor differentiation, high alpha-fetoprotein levels, increased progenitor tumor cells, TP53 mutation, and upregulation of multiple tumor-related signaling pathways.

Conclusions:
GS− HCC patients have a better prognosis and are more likely to benefit from sorafenib treatment after hepatectomy. Immunostaining of GS may provide a simple and applicable approach for HCC molecular stratification to predict prognosis and guide targeted therapy.
Divide and conquer: broadly neutralizing antibody combinations for improved HIV-1 viral coverage
Authors: Wagh Kshitij , Seaman Michael S. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review
Successful HIV-1 prevention and therapy will require broad and potent coverage of within-host and global viral diversity. Broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) combination and multispecific therapeutics provide an opportunity to meet this challenge due to the complementary activity of individual antibody components. Here, we review the principles and applications of this concept.

Recent findings
The Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials have demonstrated the high bar for neutralization potency and breadth that bNAb-mediated prevention modalities will need to achieve to have a meaningful impact on the HIV-1 epidemic. Additional clinical studies have recently shown that an even higher bar may be required for therapeutic inhibition of the diverse within-host quasispecies present in viremic and aviremic people with HIV-1 (PWH). We discuss how the complementarity of bNAbs in terms of neutralization profiles, resistance mutations and coverage of within-host quasispecies may overcome these stringent requirements and lead to effective bNAb combination or multispecific antibody based prophylactic and therapeutic strategies.

Summary
The design of next-generation bNAb-based combination or multispecific therapeutics for the prevention and/or treatment of HIV-1 infection will need to leverage the complementarity of component bNAbs to maximize the potency and breadth that will be required for clinical success.
The Dermatopathology Books Before Unna
Authors: Fernandez-Flores Angel , Cassarino David S. , Fonseca Eduardo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Unna's book on dermatopathology was the one that achieved the greatest recognition in medicine and influenced the largest number of dermatopathologists in Europe at that time. However, several previous texts also gathered the requirements to be considered dermatopathological books. In this manuscript, we briefly examine some of the most relevant features of the dermatopathology books written by Simon, Leloir and Vidal, Auspitz, Bärensprung, and Jackson.
Whole-Exome Sequencing of a Case of Squamoid Eccrine Ductal Carcinoma Reveal Similarities With Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Grube Vanden Lamar , Ahmed Sarah , McCoy Kelly , Ashi Shaymaa , Hafeez Farhaan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Squamoid eccrine ductal carcinoma (SEDC) is a poorly documented but likely underrecognized sweat gland malignancy with significant risk for local recurrence and potential for metastasis and rare disease-related mortality. Histopathologically, the tumor demonstrates a biphasic differentiation pattern: superficially, the tumor has squamous differentiation [indistinguishable from well-differentiated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)], while the deeper aspect has a more infiltrative pattern with prominent ductal differentiation. Diagnosis of SEDC relies upon histopathologic examination alone. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood, and its genomic features have yet to be described. In this article, we characterize the genomic features in a case of SEDC through whole-exome sequencing, then compare its features with cSCC and other eccrine ductal carcinomas. Whole-exome sequencing revealed 30 mutations/Mb with 21 pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations in total, identified across 14 different genes. The genomic abnormalities identified in this case of SEDC overlap considerably with those found in cSCC but not those of other sweat gland malignancies. The clinical and histopathologic features of SEDC previously reported and the genetic features determined from this case suggest that this tumor may arise initially as a well-differentiated cSCC that subsequently undergoes divergent differentiation focally to resemble a sweat gland malignancy. Genetic analyses of additional cases are warranted to clarify this consideration.
Axillary Cutaneous Hemosiderosis in a Patient With Hyperhidrosis, After Intravenous Iron Infusion
Authors: Fernandez-Flores Angel , Fernandez-Parrado Miriam , Alzoghby-Abi Chaker Jacques , Angulo Ana Graciela 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hemosiderosis consists of an iron deposit in tissues, which does not cause organic damage to them. However, in the case of the skin, being an organ exposed to sight, siderosis can produce a brownish coloration that is aesthetically discomforting for the individual. Most cutaneous sideroses are because of venous insufficiency with hemorrhagic extravasation. There is also a group secondary to iron extravasation in the injection site of the transfusion. However, there are very few cases in which an intravenous injection of an iron preparation has produced diffuse siderosis in extensive areas of the skin. We present the case of a 31-year-old woman with hyperhidrosis, who was transfused as a result of postpartum hemorrhage and, shortly after receiving an intravenous iron infusion, developed extensive hyperpigmentation in both axillae.
Mohs Micrographic Surgery Is Equivalent to Nail Unit Excision or Amputation for Melanoma In Situ of the Nail Unit: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Le Michelle , Gabrielli Sofianne , Zloty David 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
Local recurrence (LR) rates of melanoma in situ (MIS) of the nail apparatus treated with different surgical modalities are unknown.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the differences in LR rates of nail apparatus MIS treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) versus nail unit excision (NUE) versus amputation.

METHODS
Studies of nail/subungual MIS treated with MMS, NUE, or amputation were identified through multiple literature databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Pooled data were assessed through meta-analyses and Fisher exact test.

RESULTS
Of 280 studies identified, 20 met inclusion criteria (7 comparative studies and 13 single-arm studies). Among the 7 comparative studies, the LR was 4.38% (5/114) after NUE and 2.94% (1/34) after amputation (odds ratio: 0.937; 95% CI: 0.237–3.703). In the 13 noncomparative studies, 23 patients underwent MMS (pooled LR estimate: 11.07%; 95% CI: 3.22%–31.81%) and 140 patients underwent NUE (pooled LR estimate:8.04%, 95% CI: 4.43%–14.16%). The difference in LR rate between MMS, NUE, and amputation was not statistically significant (p = .578).

CONCLUSION
Local recurrence of nail/subungual MIS in cases treated with MMS was not statistically different than in cases treated with NUE and was comparable to amputation. Further studies investigating the use of MMS for the treatment of nail/subungual MIS are warranted.