bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sternomastoid intermuscular approach has better postoperative cosmesis and less neck discomfort than linea alba cervicalis approach in hemithyroidectomy: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Chen Linghui , He Qiwen , Tian Hedi , Zhu Qinsheng , Shen Yibin , Fang Yun , Zhu Feng , Zhu Lixian , Chen Liang , Pan Jun , Du Yehui , Yan Xiaochuan , Zhang Qijun , Zhou Xueyu , Tian Wen , Wu Yijun 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Surgery is still the most important treatment method for thyroid cancer. The classic linea alba cervicalis approach caused obvious neck scarring. This study explored an alternative open operative approach with concealed incision for hemithyroidectomy, and demonstrated whether it was non-inferior to traditional approach in postoperative complications and operation efficiency.

Methods:
Patients (n=220) from November 2019 to November 2020 willing to undergo hemithyroidectomy because of differentiated thyroid cancer were randomly divided into the sternocleidomastoid intermuscular approach (SMIA) group (n=110), and the linea alba cervicalis approach (LACA) group (n=110). The incidence of postoperative complications within 3 months and operation efficiency indicator R0 resection rate were recorded as primary endpoint, while scar apperance was assessed as secondary endpoint. The data were statistically analyzed.

Results:
The baseline data of these two groups were comparable, with no significant difference (P>0.05). As primary endpoint, R0 resection rate was 100% in both groups. In the 1-month follow-up period, the SMIA group had a lower score for neck discomfort compared with that of the LACA group (1.01±0.1648 vs. 0.5657±0.0976, P=0.0217). The SMIA group’s scar had better results from the observer scar assessment compared to that of the LACA group as secondary endpoint. Within the 3-month follow-up, the total complications were calculated, and it was demonstrated that SMIA was non-inferior to traditional LACA operation (P of non-inferiority=0.0048).

Conclusions:
Compared with LACA group, surgery through the SMIA is safe, effective, and has non-inferior postoperative complications. SMIA can be considered an alternative approach to classic LACA in hemithyroidectomy.
Chronic Pancreatitis and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Desai Aakash , Chandan Saurabh , Ramai Daryl , Kaul Vivek , Kochhar Gursimran S. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
Worldwide prevalence of chronic pancreatitis (CP) has risen in recent years, with data suggesting an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in these patients. We assessed the incidence and risk of ASCVD in patients with CP.

Methods
We compared the risk of ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accident, and peripheral arterial disease between CP and non-CP cohorts after propensity matching of known risk factors of ASCVD using TriNetX, a multi-institutional database. We also evaluated the risk of outcomes of ischemic heart disease including acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, cardiac arrest, and all-cause mortality between CP and non-CP cohorts.

Results
Chronic pancreatitis cohort was also found to have an increased risk of ischemic heart disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.12), cerebrovascular accident (aOR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05–1.20), and peripheral arterial disease (aOR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.1–1.24). Chronic pancreatitis patients with ischemic heart disease were also found to have an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (aOR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04–1.30), cardiac arrest (aOR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01–1.53), and mortality (aOR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.45–1.77).

Conclusions
Chronic pancreatitis patients are at a higher risk of ASCVD when compared with the general population, matched for confounding etiological, pharmacological, and comorbid variables.
Characteristics of New Oxygen-Carrying Plasma and Its Application Prospects in the Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Song Jingyu , Pan Xinting , Li Junjie , Hu Xiaomin , Yin Wen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Oxygen-carrying plasma, a new type of colloid substitute, is composed of hydroxyethyl starch and acellular hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers. It can supplement colloidal osmotic pressure and rapidly improve the body's oxygen supply. The resuscitation effect of the new oxygen-carrying plasma in animal shock models is better than that of hydroxyethyl starch or hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers alone. It can reduce the histopathological damage and mortality associated with severe acute pancreatitis, and it is expected to become an interesting treatment method for severe acute pancreatitis. This article reviews the characteristics of the new oxygen-carrying plasma, its role in fluid resuscitation, and its application prospects in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.
Survival and Prognostic Factors in Patients With Pancreatic Colloid Carcinoma Compared With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Khalil Lana , Huang Zhonglu , Zakka Katerina , Jiang Renjian , Penley McKenna , Alese Olatunji B. , Shaib Walid L. , Wu Christina , Behera Madhusmita , Reid Michelle D. , El-Rayes Bassel F. , Akce Mehmet 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
Colloid carcinoma (CC) is a rare subtype of pancreatic carcinoma. The aims of the study are to characterize the clinicopathological features and to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of patients with CC.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with pancreatic CC and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) between 2004 and 2016 were identified from the National Cancer Database using International Classification of Disease-O-3 morphology (8480/3 and 8140/3) and topography (C25) codes. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze OS.

Results
Fifty-six thousand eight hundred forty-six patients were identified. A total of 2430 patients (4.3%) were diagnosed with pancreatic CC. Males constituted 52.8% of CC and 52.2% of PDAC. Colloid carcinoma presented with pathological stage I disease more often (16.7% vs 5.9%) and stage IV disease less often (42.1% vs 52.4%) than PDAC (P < 0.001). Stage I CC received chemotherapy (36.0% vs 59.4%) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (4.4% vs 14.2%) less often compared with PDAC (P < 0.001). Statistically significant improved OS was seen among stage I, II, and IV CC compared with PDAC.

Conclusions
Pancreatic CC presented as stage I disease more often compared with PDAC. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered more often in stage I PDAC compared with CC. Colloid carcinoma had improved OS compared with PDAC among all stages except stage III.
Can We Rely on Resting Metabolic Rate Equations? Large Variance in Crohn Disease Pediatric Patients
Authors: Marderfeld Luba , Guz Mark Anat , Biran Neta , Shamir Raanan 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
Inadequate caloric intake is common in Crohn disease (CD) and nutrition support plays an important role in remission induction and in meeting nutritional needs. For nutritional planning, determining resting metabolic rate (RMR) is essential in pediatric patients with CD.

Study Aim:
To measure RMR in CD pediatric patients using indirect calorimetry, and compare it with estimated RMR (eRMR) calculated by Schofield equation.

Methods:
Children with CD treated in a tertiary pediatric inflammatory bowel disease center in Israel participated in the cross-sectional study. At study visits, weight, height, clinical and laboratory assessments, bioelectrical impedance, and RMR measured by indirect calorimetry were done. Additionally, disease severity was determined by the Pediatric Crohn Disease Activity Index and eRMR was calculated using the Schofield equation. The ratio of the measured RMR to eRMR was performed in addition to the Spearman correlation test.

Results:
The study group included 73 children (49 boys) with mean age of 13.9 ± 2.3 years. Children with moderate or severe disease had lower weight for age z score, lower BMI-z, and lower RMR compared to children with mild disease. However, when RMR was adjusted for fat free mass (n = 50), the association between RMR and disease severity disappeared. Variance in RMR was high between subjects.

Conclusions:
Our data suggest that the Schofield equation is inadequate for determining RMR in pediatric CD and that RMR should be measured to guarantee the most appropriate nutritional intervention.
Scalable Strategies to Increase Efficiency and Augment Public Health Activities During Epidemic Peaks
Authors: Pasquale Dana K. , Welsh Whitney , Olson Andrew , Yacoub Mark , Moody James , Barajas Gomez Brisa A. , Bentley-Edwards Keisha L. , McCall Jonathan , Solis-Guzman Maria Luisa , Dunn Jessilyn P. , Woods Christopher W. , Petzold Elizabeth A. , Bowie Aleah C. , Singh Karnika , Huang Erich S. 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Scalable strategies to reduce the time burden and increase contact tracing efficiency are crucial during early waves and peaks of infectious transmission.

Design:
We enrolled a cohort of SARS-CoV-2-positive seed cases into a peer recruitment study testing social network methodology and a novel electronic platform to increase contact tracing efficiency.

Setting:
Index cases were recruited from an academic medical center and requested to recruit their local social contacts for enrollment and SARS-CoV-2 testing.

Participants:
A total of 509 adult participants enrolled over 19 months (384 seed cases and 125 social peers).

Intervention:
Participants completed a survey and were then eligible to recruit their social contacts with unique “coupons” for enrollment. Peer participants were eligible for SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory pathogen screening.

Main Outcome Measures:
The main outcome measures were the percentage of tests administered through the study that identified new SARS-CoV-2 cases, the feasibility of deploying the platform and the peer recruitment strategy, the perceived acceptability of the platform and the peer recruitment strategy, and the scalability of both during pandemic peaks.

Results:
After development and deployment, few human resources were needed to maintain the platform and enroll participants, regardless of peaks. Platform acceptability was high. Percent positivity tracked with other testing programs in the area.

Conclusions:
An electronic platform may be a suitable tool to augment public health contact tracing activities by allowing participants to select an online platform for contact tracing rather than sitting for an interview.
Transcriptomic analysis of granulosa cells in patients with endometriosis-related infertility: identification of potential molecular mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Jian , Zhang Yu , Luo Jia-Li , Yu Lin , Gao Min-Zhi , Sun Zhao-Gui 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To investigate the impact of endometriosis on granulosa cell function and elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.

Methods:
RNA sequencing, differential expression analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction analysis, and RT-qPCR were employed to assess the effects of endometriosis on granulosa cell function.

Results:
The results revealed significant differences in gene expression between the endometriosis and control groups, including genes related to immune regulatory functions and ferroptosis. Hub gene modules and hub genes were identified, including those related to cell cycle and immune and inflammatory pathways. RT-qPCR revealed significant up-regulation of the hub genes CCL3 and IL1B in granulosa cells of patients with endometriosis.

Conclusion:
The results of RNA sequencing demonstrated that endometriosis induces significant transcriptional alterations in granulosa cells of affected patients. These findings provide important insights into the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis and highlight the importance of further investigation of CCL3 and IL1B as potential biomarkers for endometriosis.
The SHELTER Trial of Transplanting Hepatitis C Virus–Infected Lungs Into Uninfected Recipients
Authors: Reese Peter P. , Diamond Joshua M. , Goldberg David S. , Potluri Vishnu , Prenner Stacey , Blumberg Emily A. , Van Deerlin Vivianna M. , Reddy K. Rajender , Mentch Heather , Hasz Richard , Woodards Ashley , Gentile Caren , Smith Jennifer , Bermudez Christian , Crespo Maria M. 
Published: June 2023

Background.
SHELTER is a trial of transplanting lungs from deceased donors with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection into HCV-negative candidates (sponsor: Merck; NCT03724149). Few trials have reported outcomes using thoracic organs from HCV-RNA+ donors and none have reported quality of life (QOL).

Methods.
This study is a single-arm trial of 10 lung transplants at a single center. Patients were included who were between 18 and 67 y of age and waitlisted for lung-only transplant. Patients were excluded who had evidence of liver disease. Primary outcome was HCV cure (sustained virologic response 12 wk after completing antiviral therapy). Recipients longitudinally reported QOL using the validated RAND-36 instrument. We also applied advanced methods to match HCV-RNA+ lung recipients to HCV-negative lung recipients in a 1:3 ratio at the same center.

Results.
Between November 2018 and November 2020, 18 patients were consented and opted-in for HCV-RNA+ lung offers in the allocation system. After a median of 37 d (interquartile range [IQR], 6–373) from opt-in, 10 participants received double lung transplants. The median recipient age was 57 y (IQR, 44–67), and 7 recipients (70%) had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The median lung allocation score at transplant was 34.3 (IQR, 32.7–86.9). Posttransplant, 5 recipients developed primary graft dysfunction grade 3 on day 2 or 3, although none required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Nine patients received elbasvir/grazoprevir, whereas 1 patient received sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. All 10 patients were cured of HCV and survived to 1 y (versus 83% 1-y survival among matched comparators). No serious adverse events were found to be related to HCV or treatment. RAND-36 scores showed substantial improvement in physical QOL and some improvement in mental QOL. We also examined forced expiratory volume in 1 s—the most important lung function parameter after transplantation. We detected no clinically important differences in forced expiratory volume in 1 s between the HCV-RNA+ lung recipients versus matched comparators.

Conclusions.
SHELTER adds important evidence regarding the safety of transplanting HCV-RNA+ lungs into uninfected recipients and suggests QOL benefits.
Regeneration leads to global tissue rejuvenation in aging sexual planarians
Authors: Dai Xiaoting , Li Xinghua , Pletcher Scott , Paris David , Kruglyak Leonid , Sobota Jacob , Guo Longhua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn ability to delay aging—or to reverse the negative effects of aging—could prevent age-related disease and greatly enhance quality of life in old age. However, whether it is possible to globally reverse the physiological effects of aging in order to extend healthspan is unknown. The freshwater planarianSchmidtea mediterraneahas been considered “immortal” due to its exceptional tissue regeneration capabilities. Here, we report that a sexually reproducing lineage ofS. mediterraneaexhibits age-associated physiological decline 12 months after birth. Age-associated changes include alterations in sensory organs, loss of neurons and muscle, loss of fertility, and impaired motility, but no reduction in stem cells at the age of 3 years. Differential gene expression analysis, comparing young and old planarian cells, furthermore revealed cell-type-specific changes in transcription as well as changes in classical aging pathways (e.g., insulin signaling). Remarkably, amputation followed by regeneration of lost tissues led to a global reversal of these age-associated changes. Older individuals that underwent regeneration showed restored youthful patterns of gene expression, stem cell states, tissue composition and rejuvenation of whole-animal physiology. Our work reveals a naturally evolved solution to age reversal in planaria that may provide insights into anti-aging strategies in humans.
HemorrhageEvaluation AndDetectorSystem forUnderservedPopulations:HEADS UP
Authors: Salman Saif , Gu Qiangqiang , Dherin Benoit , Reddy Sanjana , Vanderboom Patrick , Sharma Rohan , Lancaster Lin , Tawk Rabih , Freeman William David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common cause of stroke and remains the second leading cause of disability impacting underserved areas. Since 2015, there has been a paradigm shift in managing ischemic stroke through applying AI and ML. However, ICH patients lack such protocol.ObjectiveTo create a rapid, cloud-based, and deployable ML method to detect ICH potentially across the Mayo Clinic enterprise then expand to involve underserved areas.MethodsWe utilized RSNA dataset for ICH. We made four total iterations using Google Cloud Vertex AutoML. We trained an AutoML model with 2,000 images followed by 6,000 images from both ICH positive and negative classes. Pixel values were measured by the Hounsfield units presenting a width of 80 Hounsfield and a level of 40 Hounsfield as the bone window. This was followed by a more detailed image preprocessing approach by combining the pixel values from each of the brain, subdural, and soft tissue window-based grayscale images into R(red)G(green)B(blue)-channel images to boost the binary ICH classification performance. Four experiments with AutoML were applied to study the impacts of training sample size and image preprocessing on model performance.ResultsOut of the four AutoML experiments, the best-performing model achieved a 95.8% average precision, 91.4% precision, and 91.4% recall. Based on this analysis, our binary ICH classifierHEADS UPis both accurate and performant.ConclusionHEADS UP, is a rapid, cloud-based, deployable ML method to detect ICH. This tool can help expedite the care of patients with ICH in resource-limited hospitals.
The Maudsley 3-item visual analogue scale (M3VAS): Longitudinal validation of a new measure to capture depression
Authors: Middag Maria Elena , Silman Daniel , Cleare Anthony , Young Allan , Carter Ben , Strawbridge Rebecca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe existing ‘gold standard’ assessments of depression suffer various issues, which include the evaluation of constructs extraneous to the core symptoms of the illness, and low sensitivity to change over time. Members of our team developed a new, simple visual analogue scale that aims to address these issues (M3VAS). Initial validation of the scale demonstrated good internal consistency and convergent validity. Still, we have not yet investigated how well it assesses changes in the severity of depressive symptoms over time. This project will analyse data from a longitudinal study (Hampsey et al., 2022), aiming to ascertain whether the M3VAS is sensitive to change i.e., how well it detects either a worsening or improvement of symptoms over a number of weeks (repeated measures). Validating this scale’s longitudinal validity could provide a better way for future longitudinal (observational and interventional) studies to identify changes in the severity of depressive illness.
Risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes: a study of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, immunomodulatory medications, and comorbidities in a large US healthcare system
Authors: Wei Qi , Mease Prof Philip J. , Chiorean Michael , Iles-Shih Lulu , Matos Wanessa F. , Baumgartner Andrew , Molani Sevda , Hwang Yeon Mi , Belhu Basazin , Ralevski Alexandra , Hadlock Jennifer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 outcomes, in the context of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), are incompletely understood. Reported outcomes vary considerably depending on the patient population studied. It is essential to analyse data for a large population, while considering the effects of the pandemic time period, comorbidities, long term use of immunomodulatory medications (IMMs), and vaccination status.MethodsIn this retrospective case-control study, patients of all ages with IMIDs were identified from a large U.S. healthcare system. COVID-19 infections were identified based on SARS-CoV-2 NAAT test results. Controls without IMIDs were selected from the same database. Severe outcomes were hospitalisation, mechanical ventilation (MV), and death. We analysed data from 1 March 2020 to 30 August 2022, looking separately at both pre-Omicron and Omicron predominant periods. Factors including IMID diagnoses, comorbidities, long term use of IMMs, and vaccination and booster status were analysed using multivariable logistic regression (LR) and extreme gradient boosting (XGB).FindingsOut of 2 167 656 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2, there were 290 855 with confirmed COVID-19 infection: 15 397 patients with IMIDs and 275 458 controls (patients without IMIDs). Age and most chronic comorbidities were risk factors for worse outcomes, whereas vaccination and boosters were protective. Patients with IMIDs had higher rates of hospitalisation and mortality compared with controls. However, in multivariable analyses, few IMIDs were rarely risk factors for worse outcomes. Further, asthma, psoriasis and spondyloarthritis were associated with reduced risk. Most IMMs had no significant association, but less frequently used IMM drugs were limited by sample size. XGB outperformed LR, with the AUROCs for models across different time periods and outcomes ranging from 0·77 to 0·92.InterpretationFor patients with IMIDs, as for controls, age and comorbidities were risk factors for worse COVID-19 outcomes, whereas vaccinations were protective. Most IMIDs and immunomodulatory therapies were not associated with more severe outcomes. Interestingly, asthma, psoriasis and spondyloarthritis were associated with less severe COVID-19 outcomes than those expected for the population overall. These results can help inform clinical, policy and research decisions.FundingPfizer, Novartis, Janssen, NIHMeSHD001327, D000086382, D025241, D012306, D000071069
Reference genome of the bicolored carpenter ant,Camponotus vicinus
Authors: Ward Philip S. , Cash Elizabeth I. , Ferger Kailey , Escalona Merly , Sahasrabudhe Ruta , Miller Courtney , Toffelmier Erin , Fairbairn Colin , Seligmann William , Shaffer H. Bradley , Tsutsui Neil D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarpenter ants in the genus Camponotus are large, conspicuous ants that are abundant and ecologically influential in many terrestrial ecosystems. The bicolored carpenter ant, C. vicinus Mayr, is distributed across a wide range of elevations and latitudes in western North America, where it is a prominent scavenger and predator. Here, we present a high-quality genome assembly of C. vicinus from a sample collected in Sonoma County, CA, near the type locality of the species. This genome assembly consists of 38 scaffolds spanning 302.74 Mb, with contig N50 of 15.9Mb, scaffold N50 of 19.9 Mb, and BUSCO completeness of 99.2%. This genome sequence will be a valuable resource for exploring the evolutionary ecology of C. vicinus and carpenter ants generally. It also provides an important tool for clarifying cryptic diversity within the C. vicinus species complex, a genetically diverse set of populations, some of which are quite localized and of conservation interest.