bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etoposide‐Entrapped Progesterone‐Cationic Lipid Nanoaggregates as Selective Therapeutics against Etoposide‐Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Tanveer Ahmed Mohammed , Sarkar Sampa , Shukla Ravi , Banerjee Rajkumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDrug resistance has a major impact on the treatment of several cancers. This is mainly due to the overexpression of cellular drug efflux proteins. Hence, drug‐delivery systems that can avoid this resistance are needed. We report PR10, a progesterone‐cationic lipid conjugate, as a self‐assembling nanoaggregate that delivers a drug cargo of etoposide, a topoisomerase inhibitor, selectively to cancer cells. In this study, we observed that etoposide nanoaggregates (P : E) caused selective and enhanced toxicity in etoposide‐resistant CT26 cancer cells (IC50 9 μM) compared to when etoposide (IC50>20 μM) was used alone. Concurrently, no toxicity was observed in etoposide‐sensitive HEK293 cells for P : E treatment (IC50>20 μM). The P : E‐treated cancer cells seem to have no effect on ABCB1 expression, but etoposide‐treated cells exhibited a twofold increase in ABCB1 expression, a potent efflux protein for several xenobiotic compounds. This observation supports the notion that the enhanced toxicity of P : E nanoaggregates is due to their ability to keep the expression of ABCB1 low, thus allowing longer intracellular residence of etoposide. In a BALB/c orthotopic colorectal cancer model, the nanoaggregates led to enhanced survival (45 days) compared to etoposide‐treated mice (39 days). These findings suggest that PR10 could be used as a potential cancer‐selective etoposide delivery vehicle to treat several etoposide‐resistant cancers with fewer side effects due to the nonspecific toxicity of the drug.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Chiral 1‐Aryl‐2‐Aminoethanols via Ir‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Zhang Lei , Cao Liming , Sun Maolin , Liang Chaoming , Yang Lei , Ma Yueyue , Cheng Ruihua , Ye Jinxing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA straightforward synthesis approach to chiral 1‐aryl‐2‐aminoethanols via the one‐pot asymmetric hydrogenation catalyzed by Ir catalyst was developed. This tandem process involves the in situ generation of α‐amino ketones via the nucleophilic substitution of α‐bromoketones with amines and the Ir‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of ketone intermediates to provide diverse enantiomerically enriched β‐amino alcohols. The excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 96 % yield and up to >99 % ee) with a wide substrate scope in this one‐pot strategy were obtained.
Combining Enantioselective Rh‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition and Ir‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation in Stereodivergent, Multicomponent Coupling Reactions to Form Three Stereocenters**
Authors: Qiqige Qiqige , Lundgren Rylan J. , Kong Duanyang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStereodivergent dual catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool to selectively prepare all four stereoisomers in molecules containing two chiral centers from common starting materials. Most processes involve the use of two substrates, and it remains challenging to use dual catalyst approaches to generate molecules having three newly formed stereocenters with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity. Here we report a multicomponent, stereodivergent method for the synthesis of targets containing three contiguous stereocenters by the combination of enantioselective Rh‐catalyzed conjugate addition and Ir‐catalyzed allylic alkylation methodologies. Both cyclic and acyclic α,β‐unsaturated ketones undergo β‐arylation using aryl boron reagents to form an enolate nucleophile that can be subsequently allylated at the α‐position. The reactions proceed often with >95 % ee and with >90 : 10 dr. Epimerization at the α‐carbonyl center enables the preparation of any of the eight possible stereoisomers from common starting materials, as demonstrated for cyclohexanone products.
Mixing in High‐Pressure Polymerization Reactors: A Combined Experimental and Modeling Approach
Authors: Ständecke Laura , Gockel Lena , Busch Markus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMixing in low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) reactors is crucial regarding process safety as well as process efficiency. The extreme process conditions of pressures up to 3000 bar make it difficult to get an insight into LDPE reactors. This problem is tackled by a combined experimental and modeling approach. A poly(methylmethacrylate) duplicate of a laboratory high‐pressure reactor is set up to measure residence times and visualize flow lines. Experimental results are then compared to a computational fluid dynamics model.
Real‐world retrospective study of KRAS mutations in advanced non–small cell lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy
Authors: Bironzo Paolo , Cani Massimiliano , Jacobs Francesca , Napoli Valerio M. , Listì Angela , Passiglia Francesco , Righi Luisella , Di Maio Massimo , Novello Silvia , Scagliotti Giorgio V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundKRAS mutation‐positive (KRAS‐positive), advanced nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by a poor prognosis. KRAS mutations are extremely heterogeneous from a biologic point of view, and real‐world data by mutation subtype in the era of immunotherapy are still incomplete.MethodsThe objective of this study was to retrospectively analyze all consecutive patients with advanced/metastatic, KRAS‐positive NSCLC who were diagnosed at a single academic institution since the advent of immunotherapy. The authors report on the natural history of the disease as well as the efficacy of first‐line treatments in the entire cohort and by KRAS mutation subtypes as well as the presence/absence of co‐mutations.ResultsFrom March 2016 to December 2021, the authors identified 199 consecutive patients who had KRAS‐positive, advanced or metastatic NSCLC. The median overall survival (OS) was 10.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.5–12.9 months), and there were no differences by mutation subtype. Among 134 patients who received first‐line treatment, the median OS was 12.2 months (95% CI, 8.3–16.1 months), and the median progression‐free survival was 5.6 months (95% CI, 4.5–6.6 months). At multivariate analysis, only an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 was associated with significantly shorter progression‐free survival and OS.ConclusionsKRAS‐positive, advanced NSCLC is characterized by a poor prognosis despite the introduction of immunotherapy. Survival was not associated with KRAS mutation subtype.Plain Language SummaryThis study evaluated the efficacy of systemic therapies for advanced/metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer harboring KRAS mutations, along with the potential predictive and prognostic role of mutation subtypes.

The authors found that advanced/metastatic, KRAS‐positive nonsmall cell lung cancer is characterized by a poor prognosis and that first‐line treatment efficacy is not related to different KRAS mutations, although a numerically shorter median progression‐free survival was observed in patients who had p.G12D and p.G12A mutations.

These results underline the need for novel treatment options in this population, such as next‐generation KRAS inhibitors, which are in clinical and preclinical development.
The Effect of Miscibility and Morphology of Porphyrin Donors and Non‐Fullerene Acceptors on Exciton Dissociation Processes: A Quantum Chemical and Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Wu Li‐Na , Li Ming‐Yang , Huang Jiu‐Chang , Sun Guang‐Yan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPorphyrins and their derivatives have been employed extensively in organic solar cells (OSCs) in recent years. However, a deeper understanding of the exciton dissociation process for the porphyrin donor/non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA) interface is still lacking. Herein, we have combined quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics simulations to explore the combination of mono and dimer porphyrin donors with various types of NFAs. The work reveals that the key issue lies in the exciton dissociation process of porphyrin materials, which have strong crystallinity to increase spacing (more than 5.0 Å), resulting in lesser miscibility and weaker intermolecular π‐π stacking. The pathway for exciton dissociation will be limited by the small number of high‐energy charge transfer (CT) states. To solve the above‐mentioned issues, we implement an improved strategy for modifying the side chain of the terminal unit, reducing the stacking distance to 4.4 Å, while the number of CT states reaches up to 40 % (3/A3 style 1). Additionally, the results also indicate the development potential for all porphyrin OSCs, particularly, the charge recombination (kCR) rate of the 1/Rf‐Iso system is lowered by nearly nine orders of magnitude. This research may offer fresh perspectives for extending the application range of porphyrin materials in OSCs.
Why do employees respond differently to corporate social responsibility? A study of substantive and symbolic corporate social responsibility
Authors: Nejati Mehran , Shafaei Azadeh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) plays an increasingly significant role in business and can impact organizational performance and sustainability. However, the degree to which stakeholders see the organization as legitimate may depend on the perceived authenticity of CSR processes and practices. As internal stakeholders, employees have a strong influence on organizational outcomes. CSR, in turn, has been found to positively influence several employee outcomes. To examine the mechanisms of this relationship, this study questioned when and how CSR enhances employees' perceptions and results in affective commitment. Drawing on a time‐lagged sample of 317 full‐time employees in Australia, we found that substantive CSR is positively associated with affective commitment mediated by meaningfulness through work and strengthened with embeddedness, while symbolic CSR is not. Through assessing and controlling for endogeneity threats in analysis, this study provides more accurate empirical insights into the importance of CSR authenticity, offers theoretical contributions to the field, and presents practical implications for organizations in enhancing their CSR planning and practice.
Green finance, environment regulation, and industrial green transformation for corporate social responsibility
Authors: Chen Di , Hu Haiqing , Chang Chun‐Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn order to meet the strategic goals of carbon peak and carbon neutralization on schedule, it is crucial to examine the effects and limitations of green finance on the green transformation of industry. This research utilizes the entropy method, the Global Malmquist–Luenberger technique, and panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2018 to estimate the extent of industrial green transformation and green finance development in each province. It builds static and dynamic panel models to experimentally examine the effect of green finance on industrial green transformation. After introducing environmental regulation (ER), this paper presents how ER influences the link between green finance and industrial green transformation. The research finds the following. (1) According to geographical differences in the growth of green finance and industrial green transformation, the economically developed east region is more advanced than the central and west regions, and the central region is more advanced than the west region. (2) Green finance has a significantly positive impact on industrial green transformation, and this positive influence has certain continuity and inertia. (3) Environmental regulation has a favorable impact on the link between green finance and industrial green transformation; specifically, a rise in the level of environmental regulation stimulates the process of green finance that boosts industrial green transformation. The policy recommendations herein offer reference for the construction of China's green financial system and the promotion of industrial green transformation for CSR.
Solar‐to‐H2O2 Energy Conversion by the Photothermal Effect of a Polymeric Photocatalyst via a Two‐Channel Pathway
Authors: Liu Wei , Xu Run , Pan Weifeng , Li Chao , Huang Niu , Huang Yingping , Ye Liqun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith a view to using solar energy, the exploitation of near‐infrared (NIR) light, which constitutes about 50 % of solar energy, in photocatalytic H2O2 synthesis remains challenging. In this study, resorcinol−formaldehyde (RF), which has a relatively low bandgap and high conductivity, is introduced for photothermal catalytic generation of H2O2 under ambient conditions. Owing to the promoted surface charge transfer rate under high temperature, the photosynthetic yield reaches roughly 2000 μm within 40 min under 400 mW cm−2 irradiation with a solar‐to‐chemical conversion (SCC) efficiency of up to 0.19 % at 338 K under ambient conditions, exceeding the rate of photocatalysis with a cooling system by a factor of about 2.5. Notably, the H2O2 produced by RF during photothermal process was formed via a two‐channel pathway, leading to the overall promotion of H2O2 formation. The resultant H2O2 can be applied in situ for pollutant removal. This work offers a sustainable and economical route for the efficient formation of H2O2.
Intensive glucose control and recurrent cardiovascular events: 14‐year follow‐up investigation of the ACCORDION study
Authors: Kloecker David E. , Davies Melanie J. , Pitocco Dario , Khunti Kamlesh , Zaccardi Francesco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsWhile cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes commonly progresses with the occurrence of repeated events, most trials consider the effect of glucose‐lowering strategies only on the first event. We examined the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes trial and its observational follow‐up study (ACCORDION) to investigate the effect of intensive glucose control on multiple events and further identify any subgroup effects.Materials and MethodsA recurrent events analysis, using a negative binomial regression model, was applied to estimate the treatment effect on different consecutive cardiovascular disease events, including non‐fatal myocardial infarction, non‐fatal stroke, hospitalisation from heart failure, and cardiovascular death. Interaction terms were used to identify potential effect modifiers. The robustness of the results was confirmed in sensitivity analyses using alternative models.ResultsThe median duration of follow‐up was 7.7 years. Of the 5128 participants in the intensive and 5123 in the standard glucose control arm, respectively, 822 (16.0%) and 840 (16.4%) participants experienced a single event; 189 (3.7%) and 214 (4.2%) participants experienced two events; 52 (1.0%) and 40 (0.8%) experienced three events; and 1 (0.02%) and 1 (0.02%) experienced four events. There was no evidence of a treatment effect, with a rate difference of 0.0 (−0.3, 0.3) per 100 person‐years comparing intensive versus standard intervention, although with non‐significantly lower event rates in younger patients with HbA1c < 7% and higher event rates in older patients with HbA1c ≥ 9%.DiscussionIntensive glucose control may not affect cardiovascular disease progression except in select subgroups. Since time‐to‐first event analysis may miss beneficial or harmful effects of glucose control on the risk of cardiovascular disease, recurrent events analysis should be routinely analysed in cardiovascular outcome trials, particularly when investigating long‐term treatment effects.Clinical trial reg no. NCT00000620, clinicaltrials.gov.
Bystander activation of tissue‐resident memory CD4 T cells: Getting by with a little help from unfamiliar T‐cell friends
Authors: Cornelis Rebecca , Shulman Ziv 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReexposure to a pathogen triggers the activation of memory T cells that have already encountered a similar microbe. These long‐lived CD4 T cells either circulate through the blood and tissues or reside within organs and are referred to as tissue‐resident T cells (CD4 TRM). In the current issue of the European Journal of Immunology [Eur. J. Immunol. 2023. 53: 2250247] issue, Curham et al. found that tissue‐resident memory CD4 T cells in the lung and nasal tissues can respond to noncognate immune challenges. CD4 TRM cells, which were formed in response to Bordetella pertussis, proliferated and produced IL‐17A in response to a secondary challenge with heat‐killed Klebsiella pneumonia or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This bystander response depends on the presence of dendritic cells that provide inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, post K. pneumonia, intranasal immunization with whole cell pertussis vaccine reduced bacterial burden in the nasal tissue in a CD4 T‐cell‐dependent manner. The study indicates that the noncognate activation of TRM may serve as an innate‐like immune response that rapidly develops before establishing a new pathogen‐specific adaptive immune response.
Laccase‐based amperometric biosensor enhanced by Ni/Au/PPy‐COOH multisegmental nanowires for selective dopamine detection
Authors: Evli Sinem , Aktaş Uygun Deniz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne‐dimensional Ni/Au/PPy‐COOH nanowires with multiple segments were synthesized in this study. Smooth surfaces and magnetic properties of nanowires were investigated by scanning transmission electron microscopy (SEM), Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) techniques. The nanowires were used to modify the screen‐printed electrode surface and as a micro‐environment for Trametes versicolor laccase. The ability of this enzyme biosensor to detect dopamine change in human biological samples was demonstrated by a wide linear range (0.01–50 μM) and a low LOD (2.265 nM). In addition, the biosensor exhibited excellent selectivity allowing the detection of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid, uric acid, L‐Cys, serotonin, and glucose, with high sensitivity of reduction currents obtained at −0.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The proposed biosensor allowed the detection of dopamine in commercial serum and artificial urine with recovery values close to 100 %. It also demonstrated reproducibility, reusability, and long‐term storage stability. The sensitivity, Kmapp, and Imax values of the biosensor were determined as 2.05 μM and 1.03 μA, respectively. The LAC‐Ni/Au/PPy‐COOH/NAF/SPE biosensor is a reliable design for detecting dopamine with a wide linear range.
Ethnomycological prospect of wild edible and medicinal mushrooms from Central and Southern Africa—A review
Authors: Bastos Claudete , Liberal Ângela , Moldão Margarida , Catarino Luís , Barros Lillian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn several regions of Africa, the daily diet is partly dependent on the edible products from wild animals, plants, and mushrooms, driven by their availability, wide distribution in the local environment, and the low incomes of the general population. The documentation of ethnomycological information is particularly important to validate or correct the identification of specimens and the preservation of these natural resources with cultivation potential, thus improving their consumption and utilization for medicinal purposes. The number of wild edible mushroom species consumed varies between different regions of Africa, with around 300 species being documented in the literature. However, despite its rich biodiversity, the African continent is still underexploited, which is reflected in poor food contribution to populations that are often in need. Here, the safe use of mushrooms is guided by the insufficiency of studies that validate their nutritional and medicinal properties, since they are key factors in the suppression of protein deficiency in the everyday diet of the populations and a source of bioactive compounds useful for the formulation of added‐value functional products. Thus, it becomes essential to investigate African mushrooms, not only from the identification point of view, but also in terms of nutritional, chemical, and bioactive characterization, hence deepen the knowledge about this valuable natural resource. Bearing these in mind, the main objective of this study is to systematize the knowledge available in scientific publications and specialized websites, thus gathering information about the valuable profits that come from using these widely appreciated natural products.
Analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in dairy products by modified QuEChERS/GC‐QqQ‐MS/MS method: A risk assessment study
Authors: Kiani Amin , Arabameri Majid , Shariatifar Nabi , Mehraie Abbas , Tooryan Fahimeh , Ghanbariasad Ali , Shahsavari Saeed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are harmful chemicals that are persistent in the environment and can accumulate in the food chain. The purpose of the present research was to assess non‐dioxin‐like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL‐PCBs) in some dairy products (yogurt, doogh, and kashk) using modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) technique and gas chromatography–triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC‐QqQ‐MS/MS) method and risk assessment study. The LOQs (limit of quantifications), LODs (limit of detections), recovery, and RSD for the PCB analytes were 0.180–0.360, 0.06–0.12 ng/g fat, 97.45–102.63%, and 6.33–8.86%, respectively. The results revealed that the mean concentrations of Ʃ6‐NDL‐PCBs in samples were 15.17 ± 3.44 ng/g fat, which was lower than the standard level established by European Union (EU, 40 ng/g fat). The maximum mean level was PCB 180 (9.98 ± 2.04 ng/g fat) and the minimum mean level of PCBs in samples was PCB 28 (0.09 ± 0.06 ng/g fat). Also, results showed that kashk samples had a maximum mean level of 6‐NDL‐PCBs (18.66 ± 2.42 ng/g fat) and doogh samples had a minimum mean level of 6‐NDL‐PCBs (12.21 ± 2.22 ng/g fat). The mean level of 6‐NDL‐PCBs in yogurt samples was 14.65 ± 2.02 ng/g fat. The heat map results showed the correlation between the spectral indices of 6‐NDL‐PCBs in different dairy products. According to the Monte Carlo method, risk assessment was done using calculating the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Incremental Life Cancer Risk (ILCR). The EDI values of 6 NDL‐PCBs based on the 95th percentile in yogurt, doogh, and kashk were 14.3, 1.49, and 0.5 ng/kg.day, respectively. Considering that the contaminant level in the samples is lower than the EU limit, it can be concluded that dietary exposure to 6 NDL‐PCBs may not pose a risk to the health of consumers.