bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
H3K27 acetylation activated‐CD109 evokes 5‐fluorouracil resistance in gastric cancer via the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou Fei , Wang Leiming , Ge Han , Zhang Diancai , Wang Weizhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDrug resistance is a considerable obstacle to gastric cancer (GC) treatment. The current work aimed to elucidate the functional mechanism of CD109 in 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) resistance in GC. In this study, we demonstrated that CD109 was extremely heightened in 5‐FU‐resistant GC cells. CD109 deficiency lessened the IC50 value, impaired cell viability and metastatic capability, and induced cell apoptosis after 5‐FU treatment in cells. In addition, we found that PAX5 bound p300 increased the enrichment of H3K27ac at the promoter region of the CD109 gene, which resulted in the upregulation of CD109 in GC. Moreover, we also revealed that CD109 triggered 5‐FU resistance via activating the JNK/MAPK signaling. Blockage of JNK/MAPK signaling using JNK inhibitor, SP600125, abolished CD109 upregulation‐induced changes of IC50 values, cell viability, metastasis and apoptosis in NCI‐N87/5‐FU and SNU‐1/5‐FU cells. Importantly, CD109 silencing enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of 5‐FU, leading to reduced tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our results unveiled that H3K27 acetylation activated‐CD109 enhanced 5‐FU resistance of GC cells via modulating the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway, which might provide an attractive therapeutic target for GC.
Light-cone formalism for a point particle in a higher-spin background
Authors: Ivanovskiy Vyacheslav , Ponomarev Dmitry 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We study propagation of a point particle in a massless higher-spin background employing the light-cone gauge approach. We find the point particle action and the associated phase space Poincare charges at the leading order in higher-spin fields. We also compare our results with the analogous covariant results available in the literature.
Contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI is superior to non-contrast mapping to predict left ventricular remodeling at 6 months after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Chen Hang , Erley Jennifer , Muellerleile Kai , Saering Dennis , Jahnke Charlotte , Cavus Ersin , Schneider Jan N. , Blankenberg Stefan , Lund Gunnar K. , Adam Gerhard , Tahir Enver , Sinn Martin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Parametric mapping constitutes a novel cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) technique enabling quantitative assessment of pathologic alterations of left ventricular (LV) myocardium. This study aimed to investigate the clinical utility of mapping techniques with and without contrast agent compared to standard CMR to predict adverse LV remodeling following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Materials and methods
A post hoc analysis was performed on sixty-four consecutively enrolled patients (57 ± 12 years, 54 men) with first-time reperfused AMI. Baseline CMR was obtained at 8 ± 5 days post-AMI, and follow-up CMR at 6 ± 1.4 months. T1/T2 mapping, T2-weighted, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) acquisitions were performed at baseline and cine imaging was used to determine adverse LV remodeling, defined as end-diastolic volume increase by 20% at 6 months.

Results
A total of 11 (17%) patients developed adverse LV remodeling. At baseline, patients with LV remodeling showed larger edema (30 ± 11 vs. 22 ± 10%LV; p < 0.05), infarct size (24 ± 11 vs. 14 ± 8%LV; p < 0.001), extracellular volume (ECVinfarct; 63 ± 12 vs. 47 ± 11%; p < 0.001), and native T2infarct (95 ± 16 vs. 78 ± 17 ms; p < 0.01). ECVinfarct and infarct size by LGE were the best predictors of LV remodeling with areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.843 and 0.789, respectively (all p < 0.01). Native T1infarct had the lowest AUC of 0.549 (p = 0.668) and was inferior to edema size by T2-weighted imaging (AUC = 0.720; p < 0.05) and native T2infarct (AUC = 0.766; p < 0.01).

Conclusion
In this study, ECVinfarct and infarct size by LGE were the best predictors for the development of LV remodeling within 6 months after AMI, with a better discriminative performance than non-contrast mapping CMR.

Clinical relevance statement
This study demonstrates the predictive value of contrast-enhanced and non-contrast as well as conventional and novel CMR techniques for the development of LV remodeling following AMI, which might help define precise CMR endpoints in experimental and clinical myocardial infarction trials.

Key Points
• Multiparametric CMR provides insights into left ventricular remodeling at 6 months following an acute myocardial infarction.
• Extracellular volume fraction and infarct size are the best predictors for adverse left ventricular remodeling.
• Contrast-enhanced T1 mapping has a better predictive performance than non-contrast standard CMR and T1/T2 mapping.
Groundwater recharge processes in the Lake Chad Basin based on isotopic and chemical data
Authors: Vassolo Sara , Gröschke Maike , Koeniger Paul , Neukum Christoph , Seehausen Laila , Witt Lilli , Ronnelngar Mélanie , Daïra Djoret 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Lake Chad Basin is Africa’s largest endorheic basin. Because water supply for the rural population and most of the urban population depends on groundwater, assessment of groundwater recharge is crucial. Recharge sources for the upper Quaternary aquifer are precipitation, rivers, and swamps. Using water chemistry, and environmental (18O, 2H, 3H) and carbon (14C) isotopes, recharge processes can be assessed and groundwater ages roughly estimated. For this purpose, more than 1,000 samples from groundwater, surface water and precipitation were analysed for hydrochemistry and environmental stable isotopes. Furthermore, 3H measurements and 14C values of dissolved inorganic carbon for groundwater from the northeastern part of the Basin are included in the evaluation. The environmental isotope distribution shows recent recharge from precipitation north of Lake Chad (Kanem Region), where very low 3H values indicate occurrence before the 1960s bomb peak. Focused recharge from fresh river water is typical for Salamat Region in south Chad and the Komadugu Yobe wetlands between Nigeria and Niger. Slightly high δ-values in water occur in the Waza Logone area between Chad and Cameroon. Groundwater along the Lake Chad shore and the Bahr el Ghazal corridor show high δ-values (δ18O –0.78 to 7.45‰, δ2H –13.6 to 30.8‰). Recharge is caused by surface water that undergoes evaporative processes before percolation. Groundwater ages of 600–4,150 years, estimated from 14C analyses combined with high SO4 concentrations, along the Bahr el Ghazal indicate that recharge was caused by residuals of the Mega Lake before it dried out completely.
Butterfly gliomas: a time for stratified management?
Authors: Sinha Siddharth , Avnon Adam , Perera Andrea , Lavrador Jose Pedro , Ashkan Keyoumars 
Published: September 2023

AbstractButterfly glioblastomas (bGBM) are a rare subset of WHO grade IV tumours that carry a poor prognosis with a median survival ranging between 3.3 to 6 months. Given their poor prognosis, there is debate over whether histological diagnosis with a biopsy or any surgical or oncological intervention alters disease progression. With this in mind, we reviewed our experience as a high-volume unit to evaluate management decisions and outcomes. A retrospective analysis was undertaken (January 2009 to June 2021) of the electronic patient records of a large neurosurgical centre. We assessed patient demographics, initial clinical presentation, tumour characteristics, clinical management and overall survival (Kaplan–Meier estimator, log-rank analysis and cox proportional hazard analysis). Eighty cases of bGBM were identified. These patients were managed with biopsy ± adjuvant therapy (36), with radiotherapy alone without biopsy (3), or through surgical resection (3). Thirty-eight cases of suspected bGBM were managed conservatively, receiving no oncological treatment or surgical resection/biopsy for histological diagnosis. Those managed conservatively and with radiotherapy without biopsy were diagnosed at neuro-oncology multidisciplinary meeting (MDT) based on clinical presentation and radiological imaging. No significant difference in survival was seen between conservative management compared with single adjuvant treatment (p = 0.69). However, survival was significantly increased when patients received dual adjuvant chemoradiotherapy following biopsy or resection (p = 0.002). A Cox Proportional Hazards model found that survival was significantly impacted by the oncology treatment (p < 0.001), but was not significantly related to potential confounding variables such as the patient’s age (p = 0.887) or KPS (p = 0.057). Butterfly glioblastoma have a poor prognosis. Our study would suggest that unless a patient is planned for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy following biopsy, they should be managed conservatively. This avoids unnecessary procedural interventions with the associated morbidities and costs.
Shareholder Activism on Climate Change: Evolution, Determinants, and Consequences
Authors: Diaz-Rainey Ivan , Griffin Paul A. , Lont David H. , Mateo-Márquez Antonio J. , Zamora-Ramírez Constancio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study 944 shareholder proposals submitted to 343 U.S. firms on climate change issues during 2009–2022. We use logistic and two-stage regression to estimate the propensity for a firm to be targeted or subjected to a vote at the annual general meeting and, for voted proposals, the determinants of that vote. We also examine whether climate-related proposals affect investor returns and how they relate to firms’ future environmental performance and greenhouse gas emissions. Compared to a matched sample, we first find that activists target larger, more carbon-intensive, and less R&D-active firms. Second, voting likelihood is higher for firms with repeated and operations-related proposals and lower pre-proposal environmental ratings. By contrast, disclosure-related proposals are likelier to be negotiated and withdrawn. Third, repeated and operations-related proposals receive higher votes in favor, whereas votes on carbon-intensive firms do not. Fourth, building on the theory that investors act as if they distinguish among the different shareholder proposals based on the expected cost to the firm, we find evidence to support this idea. We find that investors respond negatively to ex-ante costlier proposals, such as those that relate to emissions reduction and target carbon-intensive firms. Fifth, targets’ future environmental performance rating is almost twenty percent higher after a proposal than before compared to the matched sample, whereas emissions do not budge appreciably.
Assessment of mitral valve geometry in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients with or without ventricular dysfunction: insights from high volume rate three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Bai Wenjuan , Chen Ying , Zhong Yue , Deng Ling , Li Dayan , Zhu Wei , Rao Li 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMeticulous understanding of the mechanisms underpinning mitral regurgitation in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is crucial to optimize therapeutic strategies. The morphologic characteristics of mitral valves in atrial functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) patients with and without left ventricular (LV) dysfunction were evaluated by high volume rate (HVR) three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE). In our study, 68 of 265 AF patients who underwent 3D-TEE were selected, including 36 patients with AF, FMR, and preserved LV function (AFMR group) and 32 patients with AF, FMR, and LV dysfunction (VFMR group). In addition, 36 fever patients without heart disease were included in the control group. Group comparisons were performed by one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables. The left atrium (LA) was enlarged in the AFMR and VFMR groups compared with the control group. The mitral annulus (MA) in the AFMR group was enlarged and flattened compared with the control group and was smaller than in the VFMR group. The annulus area fraction was significantly diminished in the AFMR and VFMR groups, indicative of reduced MA contractility. The posterior mitral leaflet (PML) angle was smallest in the AFMR group and largest in the control group, whereas the distal anterior mitral leaflet angle did not significantly differ among the three groups. LA remodeling causes expansion of the MA and reduced MA contractility, disruption of the annular saddle shape, and atriogenic PML tethering. Comparison of atrial FMR patients with and without LV dysfunction indicates that atriogenic PML tethering is an important factor that aggravates FMR. HVR 3D-TEE improves the 3D temporal resolution greatly.
Safety of YAG laser vitreolysis for intraocular tissues: analysis of postoperative complications
Authors: Liu Jiannan , Wang Hao , Gu Wei , Zhao Tingting , Fan Wenxue , Peng Shaomin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the safety of yttrium–aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser vitreolysis for intraocular tissues.

Methods
Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits were divided as follows: Group 1000 (n = 12) treated with YAG laser of 1000 mJ (5 mJ × 200 shots), Group 2000 (n = 12) treated with YAG laser of 2000 mJ (5 mJ × 400 shots), Group 3000 (n = 12) treated with YAG laser of 3000 mJ (5 mJ × 600 shots). Either a single eye was chosen as the study eye in study groups while the other was untreated as the control group. Intraocular pressure (IOP), slit-lamp, optical coherence tomography (OCT), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inflammatory cytokines of aqueous humor (interleukin-1α (IL-1α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) were performed to examine the rabbits.

Results
There were no abnormalities in the study groups of IOP, slit-lamp, and OCT examinations. Group 3000 of TEM showed: neutrophils and mitochondrial swelling on day 1, and fibroblasts and neocollagen on day 14. No abnormalities were observed in Group 1000 and 2000 of TEM. Levels of IL-1α and TNF-α increased at 12 h and decreased to baseline on day 3. Levels of IL-1β increased at 12 h and decreased to baseline on day 7. Levels of IL-8 increased on day 1 and decreased to baseline on day 3.

Conclusion
YAG laser vitreolysis is safe when the distance is more than 2 mm from ablation point to the lens and the retina, and the total energy is less than 2000 mJ for one treatment procedure.
Unsaturated slopes behavior under antecedent intermittent rainfall patterns: centrifuge and numerical study
Authors: Jayakody Sanchitha Hema Sharendra , Uzuoka Ryosuke , Ueda Kyohei , Xu Jiawei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAntecedent rainfall is a prime factor for rainfall-induced landslides on unsaturated slopes. The effects of the intermittent behavior of antecedent rainfall on landslide initiation are uncertain. The work described here had the objective of showing the influence of antecedent intermittent rainfall patterns to predict landslide initiation. Soil slope models prepared from silty sand were tested in centrifuge model testing. At first, soil slopes experienced different antecedent rainfall patterns, namely, uniform gap, decreasing gap, and increasing gap, before they were exposed to continuous rainfall until the failure was initiated. The seepage and deformation behaviors of instrumented slopes were evaluated and back-analyzed with soil–water–air coupled hydromechanical finite element analysis using calibrated material parameters and suitable boundary conditions. The evolution of porewater pressure, displacements, and deviatoric strains was found to provide comparable responses. The analysis of incremental velocity clearly showed that times for landslide initiation follow the order of decreasing gap, uniform gap, and increasing gap antecedent rainfall patterns. The study identified that not only cumulative rainfall, but also antecedent intermittent rainfall patterns have a significant effect as a triggering agent and suggested incorporating it as a parameter for landslide early warning mechanisms.
The diagnosis and surgical management of pulmonary sequestration in adults: a case series from a single centre in the UK
Authors: Asif Ashar , Lilley Daniel , Howard-Walker Sherene , Ajab Shereen , Qadri Syed Suhail 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPulmonary sequestration (PS) is a rare congenital malformation where extrapulmonary lung tissue receives systemic blood supply from an anomalous branch directly from the thoracic or abdominal aorta. Whilst non-malignant, it can often present with similar symptoms as lung cancer. We present a retrospective review of 8 consecutive adult patients undergoing surgical management for PS within a single centre in the UK. Of our cohort, 62.5% had never smoked. PS in the right lung was seen in 62.5% of cases. Anomalous branches of the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein or coeliac axis supplied 37.5% of the PS seen in our cohort, and 12.5% did not have a radiologically identifiable blood supply. Techniques varied from thoracotomy (n = 4), video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) (n = 3) to robotic resection (n = 1) with no intra-operative or post-operative complications reported within hospital. The mean length of stay was 2 days. The post-operative mortality rate was 12.5%; one patient had died following the robotic resection of the mass of pneumonia in the local district hospital 26 days post-operatively after being discharged. No other complications nor recurrence was recorded over the follow-up period. Where pulmonary masses receive blood supply from anomalous branches of the pulmonary vein and coeliac axis, diagnoses of PS should be considered. The clinical feasibility of discharge in 2 days with no symptom recurrence should undergo further investigation with a larger sample size.
Causal Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Risk of Otitis Media with Effusion in Children: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Cao Jingwen , Liu Wei , Yang Zixuan , Qu Gaoya , Zhong Cuiping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Body mass index(BMI) in children appears to be associated with Otitis media with effusion(OME) in observational studies, but the causal relationship is not clear.

Methods
A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was used to explore the causal relationship between childhood BMI and OME in people of European ancestry. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of childhood BMI were used as exposures (n = 61,111), while GWAS of OME were used as outcomes (n = 429,290). The weighted inverse variance method (IVW) was used as a baseline method to test for causality. In addition, MR-Egger, simple mode analysis, weighted median, and weighted mode were used as complementary methods.MR-PRESSO analysis, MR-Egger intercept analysis, and Cochran’s Q statistical analysis were also used to detect possible directional heterogeneity and polymorphism. To assess this association, we used ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (ci). All statistical analyses were performed in R.

Results
We selected 22 genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from GWAS as instrumental variables (IVW). the IVW approach showed evidence supporting a causal relationship between BMI and OME in children (β = 0.265, SE = 0.113, P = 0.018). MR-Egger regression showed that targeted polymorphisms were unlikely to bias the results bias (intercept=-0.022; P = 0.488), but there was no causal relationship between BMI and OME (β = 0.584, SE = 0.465, P = 0.224). Although the results of the IVW and MR Egger analyses were not consistent, the IVW analysis maintained higher precision, and the Cochran Q test, heterogeneity and polymorphism tests showed no heterogeneity, no directionality and no polymorphism.

Conclusions
MR studies suggest that genetically predicted body mass index in childhood is associated with an increased risk of OME. Notably, given the limitations of this study, the mechanism of association between body mass index and OME in childhood needs further investigation. These results support the importance of effective management of obesity, which may reduce OME occurrence and decrease OME recurrence.
Svalöf: a High Yielding Potato with Resistance to Late Blight in Nordic Latitudes
Authors: Ortiz Rodomiro , Reslow Fredrik , Carlson-Nilsson Ulrika 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSvalöf is a yellow-skinned, light yellow-fleshed, high-yielding table potato cultivar for the high latitude of Scandinavia, showing partial resistance to Phytophthora infestans (causing late blight) and same specific gravity as the mealy cultivar King Edward, which is preferred in the fresh market by consumers in Sweden. It was selected as breeding clone SLU 1314015 in the first clonal generation (T1) at the late-blight prone site of Mosslunda (Skåne, southern Sweden) in October 2015. The cross for obtaining it was made by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in 2013 involving the breeding clone D09 1:2 1701 as female parent and the Dutch cultivar Carolus as male parent. Svalöf show very large, round-oval tubers with shallow eyes and smooth skin. Its tuber yield averaged above 6%, 23%, 25% and 59% of Dutch cultivars Connect, Fontane, Carolus and Bintje, respectively, across multi-site trials in Sweden. Its unstable reducing sugar in the tuber flesh, as determined by multi-site testing, suggests that it will not be suitable for the crisp or chip processing. SLU’s Svensk potatisförädling is seeking registration to be included in the Svenska Sortlistan, which lists cultivars available and is a pre-condition for certification of planting materials in the European Union. The release of Svalöf as new potato cultivar will be the first entirely bred for this crop in Sweden since the mid-1990s.
Nationaal Actieplan Dakloosheid: Eerst een Thuis
Authors: Wolf Judith R. L. M. , Scheepers Annabel L. , Al Shamma Sara , van den Dries Linda 
Published: September 2023

SamenvattingHet is de ambitie van het Rijk om dakloosheid in Nederland in de periode 2023–2030 structureel terug te dringen en in 2030 zelfs te beëindigen. Dat vraagt om een beweging van het zoeken naar oplossingen achteraf, als mensen dakloos zijn, naar het voorkómen dat mensen verder uitgesloten en dakloos raken. Daarmee verschuift de focus naar mensen die instabiel of ontoereikend zijn gehuisvest en mensen die een verblijfsinstelling verlaten. Vroegtijdige, passende ondersteuning van individuen en gezinnen is noodzakelijk, maar niet voldoende. Preventie van dakloosheid is alleen te realiseren als de structurele problemen worden aangepakt die samenhangen met de maatschappelijke ongelijkheid in Nederland. Dit vraagt van alle overheden om zich samen met partners (zoals opvanginstellingen en woningcorporaties) in te zetten voor bestaanszekerheid en ontplooiingskansen voor iedereen. En door een fundamentele verschuiving in te zetten van opvang naar preventie en wonen, dus naar wonen en ondersteuning van mensen in hun leefwereld, in het sociaal domein. Dat betekent werken aan sociale inclusie, ofwel concrete acties ondernemen voor meer bestaanszekerheid, een sterke voorzorg als mensen de greep op hun bestaan dreigen te verliezen, flexibele herstelzorg voor mensen die langdurig op zorg zijn aangewezen en een breed arsenaal van woonvarianten voor uiteenlopende groepen mensen, ingebed in een sterke sociale basis.