bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When does a female leadership advantage exist? Evidence from SOEs in China
Authors: Li Hanchen , Tong Xiaochuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResearch Question/IssueWe approach the ongoing debate in the literature on when and why a female leadership advantage exists in the context of China. In particular, we examine whether female CEOs outperform male CEOs in state‐owned enterprises (SOEs).Research Findings/InsightsWe show that a female leadership advantage exists in SOEs. We find that the female leadership increased performance is attributed to improved profitability, capital structure, and operating efficiency. The magnitude of this gender effect is bigger in central state‐owned enterprises (CSOEs) than that in local state‐owned enterprises (LSOEs). The results are robust to additional tests that mitigate the sample selection and other endogeneity concerns.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsWe use the role congruity theory to motivate and develop the hypotheses drawing insights upon the literature in psychology and leadership. Female CEOs are perceived as less congruent with their leadership roles given the gender role stereotypes. Thus, they face more challenges and difficulties than male CEOs. These obstacles take at least two forms which are significant in SOEs: shareholder activism and sex discrimination. Female CEOs have to outperform their male counterparts to alleviate the pressure from shareholder activism and showcase their managerial skills and abilities.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsFor the state shareholders, the extra scrutiny in selecting female CEOs should be lifted given this outperformance. The evidence is also relevant for CEOs to choose their career paths among different types of firms, for boards of directors on their strategic decisions on CEO hiring, and for policy makers to promote the female leadership advantage.
Type H vessel/platelet‐derived growth factor receptor β+ perivascular cell disintegration is involved in vascular injury and bone loss in radiation‐induced bone damage
Authors: Li Jiayan , Chen Xiaodan , Ren Lin , Chen Xijuan , Wu Tong , Wang Yun , Ren Xianyue , Cheng Bin , Xia Juan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCollapse of the microvascular system is a prerequisite for radiation‐induced bone loss. Since type H vessels, a specific bone vessel subtype surrounded by platelet‐derived growth factor receptor β+ (PDGFRβ+) perivascular cells (PVCs), has been recently identified to couple angiogenesis and osteogenesis, we hypothesize that type H vessel injury initiates PDGFRβ+ PVC dysfunction, which contributes to the abnormal angiogenesis and osteogenesis after irradiation. In this study, we found that radiation led to the decrease of both type H endothelial cell (EC) and PDGFRβ+ PVC numbers. Remarkably, results from lineage tracing showed that PDGFRβ+ PVCs detached from microvessels and converted the lineage commitment from osteoblasts to adipocytes, leading to vascular injury and bone loss after irradiation. These phenotype transitions above were further verified to be associated with the decrease in hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α)/PDGF‐BB/PDGFRβ signalling between type H ECs and PDGFRβ+ PVCs. Pharmacological blockade of HIF‐1α/PDGF‐BB/PDGFRβ signalling induced a phenotype similar to radiation‐induced bone damage, while the rescue of this signalling significantly alleviated radiation‐induced bone injury. Our findings show that the decrease in HIF‐1α/PDGF‐BB/PDGFRβ signalling between type H ECs and PDGFRβ+ PVCs after irradiation affects the homeostasis of EC‐PVC coupling and plays a part in vascular damage and bone loss, which has broad implications for effective translational therapies.
Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids inhibit pathological neovascularization and vaso‐obliteration in ischaemic retinopathy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Zhou Xiaodi , Lai Yanting , Xu Xiaoxiao , Wang Qiong , Sun Limei , Chen Limei , Li Jiajie , Li Rong , Luo Delun , Lin Yunfeng , Ding Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the effect and the molecular mechanism of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), a novel self‐assembled nanomaterial with excellent biocompatibility and superior endocytosis ability, in inhibition of pathological retinal neovascularization (RNV) and more importantly, in amelioration of vaso‐obliteration (VO) in ischaemic retinopathy. tFNAs were synthesized from four single‐stranded DNAs (ssDNAs). Cell proliferation, wound healing and tube formation assays were performed to explore cellular angiogenic functions in vitro. The effects of tFNAs on reducing angiogenesis and inhibiting VO were explored by oxygen‐induced retinopathy (OIR) model in vivo. In vitro, tFNAs were capable to enter endothelial cells (ECs), inhibit cell proliferation, tube formation and migration under hypoxic conditions. In vivo, tFNAs successfully reduce RNV and inhibit VO in OIR model via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K pathway, while vascular endothelial growth factor fusion protein, Aflibercept, could reduce RNV but not inhibit VO. This study provides a theoretical basis for the further understanding of RNV and suggests that tFNAs might be a novel promising candidate for the treatment of blind‐causing RNV.
Hyperglycaemia following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy—Incidence, aetiology and assessment
Authors: Mulla Kaenat , Farag Sheima , Moore Benedict , Matharu Sheila , Young Kate , Larkin James , Popat Sanjay , Morganstein Daniel Laurence 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsWe systematically studied the presence of hyperglycaemia during treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICPI) for cancer, in those with and without diabetes at baseline, and determined the cause of new‐onset hyperglycaemia,MethodsRetrospective review of electronic records of those receiving an ICPI for melanoma, lung or renal cancer.ResultsOverall, 959 participants were included. In this study, 103 had diabetes at baseline (10.7%). Those with lung cancer had the highest frequency of diabetes; 131 people had hyperglycaemia (defined as at least one glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L) in the year after starting an ICPI. The incidence was 55% in those with diabetes at baseline, and 8.6% in those without baseline diabetes. Among 74 with new‐onset hyperglycaemia (without pre‐existing diabetes) 76% was attributable to steroid induced diabetes, with 9.5% due to ICPI Induced diabetes resembling type 1 diabetes.ConclusionsHyperglycaemia is common in persons receiving an ICPI for cancer, including 8.6% of those without known diabetes. While much of this is due to glucocorticoid use, care is needed to avoid missing those with ICPI‐induced diabetes who are at risk of diabetic ketoacidosis, which is a medical emergency.
Do industrial robots affect the labour market? Evidence from China
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Gan Tian , Fan Jiachen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe industrial robot is an essential part of modern manufacturing. Using micro‐level data, this study investigates the effects of industrial robots on the labour market in China. The results show that the adoption of industrial robots increases firm‐level employment by 31.65%. Using the Bartik method, we construct robot penetration as an instrumental variable of robot adoption to tackle endogenous problems. Our results stand up to a series of robustness checks. Moreover, the effects of robots are mainly owing to the expansion of the output scale, increased productivity, and upgraded products. We also find the skill‐biased impact of robots and the spillover effect of industrial robots through production networks.
Quantitative muscle magnetic resonance imaging depicts microstructural abnormalities but no signs of inflammation or dystrophy in post‐COVID‐19 condition
Authors: Enax‐Krumova Elena , Forsting Johannes , Rohm Marlena , Schwenkreis Peter , Tegenthoff Martin , Meyer‐Frießem Christine H. , Schlaffke Lara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposePost‐COVID‐19 condition (PCC) has high impact on quality of life, with myalgia and fatigue affecting at least 25% of PCC patients. This case–control study aims to noninvasively assess muscular alterations via quantitative muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as possible mechanisms for ongoing musculoskeletal complaints and premature exhaustion in PCC.MethodsQuantitative muscle MRI was performed on a 3 Tesla MRI scanner of the whole legs in PCC patients compared to age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls, including a Dixon sequence to determine muscle fat fraction (FF), a multi‐echo spin‐echo sequence for quantitative water mapping reflecting putative edema, and a diffusion‐weighted spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging sequence to assess microstructural alterations. Clinical examination, nerve conduction studies, and serum creatine kinase were performed in all patients. Quantitative muscle MRI results were correlated to the results of the 6‐min walk test and standardized questionnaires assessing quality of life, fatigue, and depression.ResultsTwenty PCC patients (female: n = 15, age = 48.8 ± 10.1 years, symptoms duration = 13.4 ± 4.2 months, body mass index [BMI] = 28.8 ± 4.7 kg/m2) were compared to 20 healthy controls (female: n = 15, age = 48.1 ± 11.1 years, BMI = 22.9 ± 2.2 kg/m2). Neither FF nor T2 revealed signs of muscle degeneration or inflammation in either study groups. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) revealed reduced mean, axial, and radial diffusivity in the PCC group.ConclusionsQuantitative muscle MRI did not depict any signs of ongoing inflammation or dystrophic process in the skeletal muscles in PCC patients. However, differences observed in muscle DTI depict microstructural abnormalities, which may reflect potentially reversible fiber hypotrophy due to deconditioning. Further longitudinal and interventional studies should prove this hypothesis.
Fabrication, characterisation and antimicrobial activity of electrospun Plantago psyllium L. seed gum/gelatine nanofibres incorporated with Cuminum cyminum essential oil nanoemulsion
Authors: Mohajeri Parisa , Hematian Sourki Abdollah , Mehregan Nikoo Alireza , Ertas Yavuz Nuri 
Published: January 2023

SummaryPlantago psyllium L. seed gum (PPSG)/gelatine nanocomposites containing Cuminum cyminum essential oil (CCEO) were prepared via electrospinning, and the antibacterial properties of the electrospun nanofibres were assessed against Staphylococcus aureus. The nanoemulsion was prepared by adding CCEO to the PPSG/gelatine mixture and sonicated. Uniform nanofibres resulted from the nanoemulsion containing 1.5% PPSG, 8% gelatine and 3% CCEO, and no chemical reactions between the components of the electrospun nanofibres were detected. Growth inhibition zone diameter indicated that the electrospun nanofibres containing at least 3% CCEO had the most significant inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus. The electrospun PPSG/gelatine‐CCEO nanocomposites are capable of being used as a biodegradable material in food packaging as well as in edible coatings for the preservation of food products.
Comparative analysis of food heating techniques on purine release in beef
Authors: Tao Chunlin , Sha Wanqian , Xiao Lu , Amakye William Kwame , Xiao Ganhong , Ren Jiaoyan 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBeef is widely believed to be high in purines and should be restricted in the daily diet of hyperuricemia population. In this study, we measured and analysed the purines in beef which treated with several thermal techniques or their combination, including steam heating at 100 °C, 120 °C and 140 °C, microwave heating on low, medium and high fire, and infrared heating at 120 °C, 130 °C and 140 °C. In comparison with raw beef, steam heating at 100 °C (P < 0.0001), high fire microwaved heating (P < 0.0001), and infrared heating at 130 °C (P < 0.0001) reduced the total purine sharply, especially the uricogenic purines. And the superposition of steam heating such as SM (P = 0.002) and SI (P = 0.004) slightly decreased purine contents more than other combinations. Additionally, there were apparent differences in total purines upon the gastrointestinal digestion of processed beef. These provide a viable diet alternative for decreasing the purine contents in beef and which could be essential for managing high uric acid levels for hyperuricemia and gout.
High rate of false‐positive postoperative venous thromboembolism identified using hospital ICD‐10 coding
Authors: Bortz Hadley , Shi Linda , Chee Adrian , Tran Huyen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Health Roundtable, a national benchmarking body, identified our institution as an outlier with a high number of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) events. We performed a retrospective study to determine the accuracy of hospital coding for the incidence and severity of postoperative VTE. Of 232 patients identified from ICD‐10 coding, 52 (22.4%) were incorrectly coded. Approximately one third (n = 68) of all VTE were asymptomatic, diagnosed incidentally. Thus, coding data are inherently flawed with inaccuracy and overrepresent the true number of VTE events, with a substantial proportion of limited clinical relevance.
Methamphetamine‐associated cardiomyopathy: an addiction medicine perspective
Authors: Somma Vincenzo , Osekowski Michael , Paratz Elizabeth , Bonomo Yvonne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMethamphetamine‐associated cardiomyopathy (MaCM) is an increasingly recognised serious complication from methamphetamine (MA) use. It is characterised as the development of otherwise unexplained heart failure in the context of MA use. MaCM predominantly affects a young and vulnerable population with high morbidity and mortality. It is the second leading cause of mortality in patients with MA use disorder (MUD). Our understanding of MaCM pathogenesis is based on observational cohorts and autopsy studies. Currently, the treatment of MaCM is predicated on abstinence. Medical therapies offer some benefit to a minority of patients; however, without abstinence, medical therapies are often ineffective. Abstinence is difficult for most patients to achieve; all clinicians require an understanding of MaCM and how to educate patients on the risks of ongoing use. Where available, referral to addiction medicine specialists to assist with treatment of MUD is recommended. This review aims to: (i) explain the proposed pathologic mechanisms of MaCM; (ii) summarise recent recommendations of the screening and treatment of MaCM; and (iii) highlight the role of addiction medicine in the management of patient with MaCM.
Social issues, crisis, and care coordination: First responders experience responding to people affected by methamphetamines
Authors: Jones Rikki , Jackson Debra , Woods Cindy , Usher Kim 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMethamphetamines remain a public health problem due to the extensive burden of illicit drug use on society. Callout events in the pre‐hospital environment related to methamphetamine use is increasing. In addition, there has been an increase in reported mental health side effects and breakdown in relationships and social networks. Descriptive phenomenology research design was undertaken and data analysed using thematic analysis. Semi‐structured interviews were utilized to collect data exploring the experience of first responders attending callouts to people affected by methamphetamines in the pre‐hospital environment. Interviews included paramedics (8) and police officers (10) from across Australia. Overall, participants reported responding to people affected by methamphetamines was complex in nature. Complexity was affected by extensive social circumstances, people presenting in states of crisis, lack of coordinated approach, and unsuitable care environments. The social impact of methamphetamine addiction is extensive. Staff working as first responders have an opportunity to help reduce the social impact and crises, referring people to follow‐up care and drug and alcohol support services. Further research is needed to determine if a standardized approach, between first responders and EDs, should be developed to help streamlines services and improve how the individual services respond as a group to people affected by substances.
Recycling of bone ash from animal wastes and by‐products in the production of novel cements
Authors: Duvallet Tristana Y. , Jewell Robert B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to demonstrate the utilization of animal wastes and by‐products in the production of low‐energy and low‐CO2 clinkers and cements in order to preserve natural resources, such as limestone, while reducing CO2 emissions released from the cement manufacturing process and reducing potential health risk to the world population (such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy or other health issues…). Pure calcium sulfoaluminate clinker was produced with calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and calcium sulfate hemihydrate; followed by additional clinkers produced from substituting calcium hydroxide with bone ash (from 0 to 100% of the calcium hydroxide replaced). The final clinkers contained various amounts of ye'elimite, calcium aluminate phases, as well as tricalcium phosphate, depending on the firing temperature. Finally, some preliminary results on the hydration process and compressive strength are provided for the production of these binders.
The serial mediating effects of social isolation and resilience on the relationship between fear of dementia and insomnia in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Dai Huohuo , Qin Juanjuan , Huang Rong , Sun Duoduo , Zhang Qing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aims to explore the correlation between fear of dementia and insomnia among community‐dwelling older adults and to examine the mediating roles of social isolation and resilience on this correlation.MethodsA total of 259 community‐dwelling older adults from Mianyang, China were recruited from June 2021 to August 2021 using convenience sampling. The Chinese versions of the Fear of Dementia Scale (FODS), Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS‐6), 25‐item Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC‐25) and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) were used to collect specific, study‐related information from the subjects. Correlations between variables of interest were examined by Pearson analysis, and mediation analysis was conducted to explore the direct, indirect and total effects of the fear of dementia on insomnia vis‐à‐vis social isolation and resilience.ResultsResults from 259 older adults indicated that fear of dementia and insomnia in older adults are positively correlated, that social isolation and resilience mediate the relationship between them, and that social isolation and resilience also had a statistically significant serial mediating effect.ConclusionFear of dementia is positively related to insomnia in older community‐dwelling Chinese adults, but resilience and social support may buffer the negative impact of fear of dementia and improve sleep quality.ImpactFear of dementia is becoming more and more common in community‐dwelling older adults in China, and this emotional response to ageing and disease anxiety may be to blame for the poor sleep quality of some ageing populations. However, social support and resilience may buffer the negative impact of fear of dementia. The findings in this study indicate a need for well‐trained community nurses and other health practitioners to implement targeted strategies to reduce insomnia among older adults with fear of dementia. These strategies should strengthen resilience as well as social support.
Association between triglyceride‐glucose index and arterial stiffness reflected by carotid pulse‐wave velocity in stage 1 hypertension and individuals with normal/elevated blood pressure
Authors: Wang Yonghuai , Wang Shan , Pan Xiaofang , Meng Pingping , Yang Jun , Zhang Yuhua , Liu Minghui , Li Mingxing , Gao Jie , Wu Qiang , Feng Ningna , Wu Yiyun , Zhang Jianxing , Xue Li , Chang Fengling , Chen Li , Sun Yixue , Yuan Jianjun , Yang Shunshi , Xue Hongyuan , Ma Lingzhi , Jiang Xuezhong , Li Jing , Yin Lixue , Ren Weidong , Ma Chunyan ,   the Study Investigators
Published: January 2023

AbstractEvidence of the triglyceride‐glucose (TyG) index as an independent predictor of arterial stiffness in stage 1 hypertension patients is scarce. This study aimed to explore the association between TyG index and arterial stiffness in this population. A total of 1041 individuals from 32 centers with normal/elevated blood pressure (BP, <130/80 mmHg; 345 men (33%); median age, 37 years) and 585 stage 1 hypertension patients (BP ≥130/80 and <140/90 mmHg; 305 men (52%); median age, 47 years) were prospectively enrolled. Arterial stiffness was determined by measuring carotid ultrafast pulse‐wave velocity (ufPWV). TyG index was calculated as ln (fasting triglyceride (TG) × fasting blood glucose/2). Patients with a higher TyG index tended to have higher ufPWV. The TyG index was positively associated with ufPWV at the end of systole in stage 1 hypertension patients after adjusting for confounding factors (β for per unit .48), and restricted cubic spline analysis confirmed a linear association. Subgroup analyses in terms of age, sex, and body mass index yielded similar results. However, no significant relationship was observed between the TyG index and ufPWV in the population with normal/elevated BP. The fully adjusted β between ufPWV and the TyG index was higher than the TG/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, TG, and pulse pressure. In conclusion, patients with a higher TyG index had greater arterial stiffness, and the TyG index independently and positively correlated with arterial stiffness in stage 1 hypertension patients. The TyG index may provide a simple and reliable marker to monitor arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients.
Association of self‐stigma with glycated hemoglobin: A single‐center, cross‐sectional study of adults with type 1 diabetes in Japan
Authors: Hamano Shoko , Onishi Yukiko , Yoshida Yoko , Takao Toshiko , Tahara Tazu , Kikuchi Takako , Kobori Toshiko , Kubota Tetsuya , Iwamoto Masahiko , Kasuga Masato 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionThere has been an increase in research on diabetes‐related stigma and its association with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) over the past years. However, little is known about the association of self‐stigma with HbA1c in persons with type 1 diabetes. This study aims to examine the association between self‐stigma and HbA1c in Japanese people with type 1 diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted at a clinic in Tokyo. Questionnaires using nine items from the Japanese version of the Self‐Stigma Scale was distributed to outpatients with type 1 diabetes, aged ≥18 years. We excluded outpatients with serious mental disorder, those who required urgent medical treatment or received hemodialysis. Adjusted linear regression analyses tested the association between the score of the 9‐item Self‐Stigma Scale and HbA1c.ResultsQuestionnaires were distributed to 166 eligible participants. A total of 109 participants were included in the final analysis after excluding participants with incomplete answers and laboratory data. After adjusting for age, sex, employment status, body mass index, duration of diabetes and insulin secretion, there was a significant positive association between self‐stigma and HbA1c (β = 0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.01 to 0.08).ConclusionsThis cross‐sectional study showed a significant association between self‐stigma and HbA1c in persons with type 1 diabetes. Addressing self‐stigma might be as equally essential as measuring HbA1c in evaluating glycemic outcome among individuals with type 1 diabetes.