bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ, PHẪU THUẬT VÀ PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI VIÊM TÚI THỪA ĐẠI TRÀNG (81 TRƯỜNG HỢP)
Authors: Thái Nguyên Hưng , Trịnh Thành Vinh 
Published: July 2023

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: 1. Kết quả chẩn đoán VTTĐT. 2. Kết quả điều trị nội khoa, phẫu thuật (PT) và PT nội soi (PTNS). Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu (NC): - Đối tượng NC: Bệnh nhân (BN) được chẩn đoán VTTĐT, được PT và/hoặc điều trị tại khoa PT cấp cứu bụng, BV Việt Đức. - Phương pháp NC: Mô tả hồi cứu. Kết quả: 81 BN, Nam 49 BN (60,5%), Nữ 32 BN (39,5%), tuổi TB: 45,14±18,5 (16-93). Nam 60,5%, Nữ 39,5%. Địa dư: Thành thị 65,4%, nông thôn 34,6%. Nghề trí thức 48,2%, Nông 18,5%. Tỷ lệ VTTĐT P 77,8%,VTTĐTT 9,9%,VTTĐT P-T 12,3%. Chụp CTScan bụng 84%,phát hiện VTTĐT 85,3%. Điều trị nội 48,1%. Tỷ lệ thành công 100% (VTTĐT Hinchey I-Túi thừa viêm tấy hay apxe cạnh ĐT). Thời gian TB 5,64±2,65 ngày; 84,6% phối hợp 2 kháng sinh. Mổ 51,9%. Mổ cấp cứu 85,7%, phiên 14,3%, PTNS 61,9%, mổ mở 23,8%, FTNS→mở 14,3%. + Các phương pháp PTNS: PTNS thăm dò, cắt RT 73,2%, cắt túi thừa NS 15,4%, mở thông MT 3,8%, hút rửa, DL 3,8%, PTNS cắt ĐT trái 3,8%. + Mổ mở và PTNS→Mở: 31,3%, cắt ĐT trái 6,2%, cắt ĐT P 31,3%, Cắt ĐTP + T 12,5%, PT Harmann: 18,8%. +Thời gian mổ TB: 93,8±55,2' (range 30-210'); Thời gian điều trị TB (nhóm mổ): 7,2±4,04 ngày (3-25). +Biến chứng-Tử vong:1 BN 86T TV sau mổ 2 ngày do suy hô hấp, COPD, VPM toàn thể VTTĐTT thủng. ++BC: 8 bn có NT vết mổ,1BN apxe tồn dư, DL dưới CLVT. Kết luận: +Tuổi TB: 45,1±18,5T. +Tỷ lệ mắc bệnh: VTTĐTP 77,8%, VTTĐTT 9,9%, VTTĐTP-T 12,3%. +Chụp CLVT có giá trị xác định VTTĐT cao 85,3%. +Điều trị nội: 48,1%, đạt kết quả 100% BN có phân loại Hinchey GĐ I,hoặc Ambrosetti 1997 mức độ nhẹ). Thời gian điều trị TB: 5,64±2,65 ngày. Thời gian dùng KS TB: 5,1±2,36 ngày. +Phẫu thuật:Tỷ lệ PT 51,9%, mổ cấp cứu 85,7%, mổ phiên 14,3%. +PTNS 61,9%, mổ mở 23,8%, PTNS →Mở 14,3%. +Thời gian (TG) mổ TB: 93,8±55,2' (30-210'). Ngày điều trị TB: 7,2±4,04 ngày (3-25 ngày). Biến chứng: 11,1% (9 BN;8 NT vết mổ, 1 apxe tồn dư DL dưới CLVT). TV: 1BN (1,37%) sau PT Harmann 2 ngày do suy hô hấp (COPD)
Atsar Istikhdam Wasilah Dam'iyah al Yad fi Ta'lim Maharoh al Kalam Bil Madrosah al Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Anggie Sri Utari  
Published: July 2023

الوسيلة التعليمية شيئ مهم لتسهيل فهم الطلاب على درس في تعليم اللغة العربية خاصة التعليم عند الأطفال ولدفع قدرتهم في تكلم اللغة العربية، ووسيلة دمية اليد إحدى الوسيلة التعليمية تستعمل لتحصل إلى الأهداف في تعليم الكلام، لأنها وسيلة برؤية العين التي تجلب الحماسة والسرور لأطفال، وتجدد نشاطهم، وتساعد على تثبيت المعلومات في ذهنهم. هدف هذا البحث هو كشف عن تأثير استخدام وسيلة دمية اليد على قدرة الطلاب في مهارة الكلام. وقام هذا البحث في الصف الرابع بمدرسة الإمام الشافعي الابتدائية الإسلامية. والمنهجية المستخدمة لهذا البحث هي بحث تجريبي بمدخل الكمي مع تصميم البحثpre-experimental design النوع .one-group pretest posttest design وبالمعاينة غير الاحتمالية (non probability sampling) وطريقة المعاينة التعداد ((sampling jenuh. وطريقة تحليل البيانات هي طريقة تحليل الإحصائية باستخدام SPSS 18.0 لبحث عن نتيجة اختبار-ت (t). وبناء على البيانات من اختبار-ت (t) من خلال الاختبار القبلي والاختبار البعدي تدل على أن هناك تأثيرا إيجابيا في استخدام وسيلة دمية اليد على قدرة الطلاب في مهارة الكلام مع الدليل أن معدل النتيجة في الاختبار القبلي 70، أما معدل النتيجة في الاختبار البعدي 84. ونتيجة الاختبار-ت يعني 6،5 أكبر من نتيجة tt مع التفاصيل: 2،90 > 6،5 < 2،11. فالخلاصة أن وسيلة دمية اليد لها أثر على قدرة الطلاب في مهارة الكلام وهذه الوسيلة يمكن استخدامها كخيار الوسائل في تعليم مهارة الكلام عند الأطفال.
The weather diaries of the Kirch family: Leipzig, Guben, and Berlin (1677–1774)
Authors: Brönnimann Stefan , Brugnara Yuri 
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Astronomer and calendar maker Gottfried Kirch was a keen weather observer and made weather notes in his diary starting in 1677 in Leipzig. In parallel, his second wife Maria Margaretha Winkelmann started a weather
diary in 1700 in Berlin. The diaries also contain instrumental measurements
of temperature and later pressure. After the death of Gottfried in 1710 and
Maria Margaretha in 1720, observations were continued by their son
Christfried and then for another 44 years by their daughter Christine. The
last measurements date to 1774. Together, the diaries span almost a century
of weather observations. The instrumental measurements constitute the oldest part of Germany's longest temperature series, which was however only
available as monthly means up to now. Here we publish the imaged diaries,
together amounting to 10 445 images. Further, we present the digitized
instrumental series, which will serve as the starting point for a new, daily Berlin series. By comparing the series to neighbouring records, we show that the pressure data are reliable in a quantitative sense, whereas this is true for the temperature data only in a qualitative sense as the temperature scale was not converted.
Frequency of Thyroid Disorders in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Zaineb Hameed  , Hira tahir  , Saira Farhat  , Kazmi Tahseen , Noor Shahid  
Published: July 2023

Background: Two powerful hormones are produced by thyroid gland, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones control all metabolic processes and influence oxygen consumption in nearly all tissues of the body.
Objective: To determine the frequency of various thyroid disorders and association of thyroid disorders with age.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at Chemical Pathology and Immunology department, of a tertiary care hospital Lahore, Pakistan from October 2020 to April 2021. Reports of thyroid function test (TFT) of patients from 1st October 2020 to 31st December 2020 were included. Thyroid profile includes three parameters i.e. thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3 and free T4. Frequency of thyroid disorders was determined according to age and sex. Chi-square was used to determine association between age-groups and vice versa.
Results: Among 239 thyroid profiles of patients, 146 (61%) were found to be within normal range, whereas thyroid profile of 93 (38.9%) patients was disturbed, and they had various thyroid disorders. Frequency of thyroid disorders were significantly associated with age (p value=0.03). Among the patients with disturbed thyroid profile TSH was low in 14 (15.1%) patients and high in 57 (61.30%).
Conclusion: More than one-third of the suspected patients were found to have thyroid disorder. Thyroid disorders were significantly associated with age. Thyroid dysfunction was more common among female patients and presentation of hypothyroidism was more common among after 30 years of age
SOME PROBLEMS OF LEGISLATIVE REGULATION OF ASSISTANCE OF CONFIDENTS TO THE OPERATIONAL UNITS OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES
Authors: Симоненко Д.А. 
Published: July 2023

В статье исследуется историческое развитие правового регулирования содействия конфидентов подразделениям органов внутренних дел, осуществляющих оперативно-розыскную деятельность. Автор проводит сравнительно-правовой анализ обязательств государства перед лицами, которые оказывают конфиденциальное содействие, по ранее действовавшему и современному отечественному законодательству. Предлагается законодательное закрепление обязанности конфидентов сохранять в тайне сведения, ставшие им известными в связи с оказанием содействия органам, осуществляющим оперативно-розыскную деятельность, под угрозой ответственности за разглашение сведений, составляющих государственную тайну.
The article discusses the historical development of the legal regulation of the regulation of confidants by departments of internal affairs bodies, ensuring operational-search activities. The authors of the investigation discover a legal analysis of obligations to a person who shows confidential participation, according to the previously existing and chosen domestic legislation. It is proposed to accelerate the strengthening of the connection between the functions of confidants in the secret of information that has become realized by them in the function of managing the body, the implementation of operational-search activities, supporting the answer for disclosing the essence expressed in the state of secrecy.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INSTITUTE OF STATE PROTECTION OF PARTICIPANTS OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Гапонова В.Н. 
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию института государственной защиты в отечественном уголовном судопроизводстве. Автором проанализировано законодательство Российской Федерации, регулирующее институт государственной защиты, точки зрения различных авторов по рассматриваемой тематике; выделены наиболее значимые проблемы вопросы, возникающие в ходе реализации данного института в уголовном судопроизводстве. Автор отмечает, что несмотря на детальное регулирование института государственной защиты в правоприменительной практике, встречается ряд проблем и сложностей, связанных с его реализацией, анализ которых дается в исследовании. Представлены предложения по улучшению эффективности реализации института государственной защиты в отечественном уголовном судопроизводстве.
The article is devoted to the study of the institution of state protection in domestic criminal proceedings. The author analyzed the legislation of the Russian Federation, which regulates the institute of state protection, the points of view of various authors on the subject under consideration. The most significant problems and issues that arise during the implementation of this institution in criminal proceedings are highlighted. The author noted that despite such a detailed regulation of the institution of state protection in law enforcement practice, there are a number of problems and difficulties associated with its implementation, some of which are analyzed in the study. The authors present their opinions on improving the effectiveness of the implementation of the institute of state protection in domestic criminal proceedings.
Cirugía refractiva (CR) láser corneal, una comparación entre LASIK y PRK.
Authors: Matute-Orellana Paola Sthefany , Cervantes-Anaya Luis Alberto 
Published: July 2023

Antecedentes: La corrección de la visión con láser para los errores de refracción incluye dos procedimientos principales: queratomileusis in situ con láser (LASIK) y tratamiento de superficies. La queratectomía fotorrefractiva (PRK) fue el primer tratamiento de superficie introducido desde finales de la década de 1980. En este procedimiento de fotoablación, el haz ultravioleta generado por un láser excimer de fluoruro de argón de 193 nm se irradia al estroma corneal, después de la extirpación epitelial, para remodelar el estroma corneal anterior para corregir la ametropía.
Objetivo: Comparar la técnica LASIK VS la PRK, respecto de la cirugía refractiva (CR) láser corneal.
Metodología: Se realizo una revisión bibliográfica tipo narrativa, efectuando búsquedas en diferentes bases científica de datos como SpringerLink, PubMed, Dialnet, Scopus, Sciencedirect, Scielo, Medline. Para las palabras clave o términos de búsqueda, fueron términos los Descriptores en Ciencias de Salud (DeCS)/(MeSH), y, además del empleó de operadores Booleanos como “AND” y “OR”. Tras el criterio de elegibilidad, 15 artículos se analizaron y se incluyeron en el análisis de esta revisión.
Resultados: De los 15 artículos empleados, y en base a los objetivos, se obtiene como resultado que, tanto LASIK como PRK, son procedimientos seguros y eficaces, por la pronta recuperación visual, buenos resultados refractivos, y postoperatorio con mínima incomodidad. La aplicación mitomicina C ayuda a reducir el riesgo de neblina corneal, de manera similar entre las dos técnicas. En cuanto a complicaciones, se halló ectasia corneal, estrías, pliegues, dislocación del flap, depósitos en la interfase, infección, queratitis lamelar difusa, entre otras.
Conclusiones: La cirugía laser (CR) es un procedimiento seguro y eficaz, en cualquiera de las técnicas aplicadas. Lo que ha ayudado a mejorar los resultados de estas técnicas, es la aplicación de la MMC que, tanto en LASIK y PRK, ayudan a una mejor previsibilidad y reduce significativamente la neblina corneal, como la complicación más común; en cuanto a ello, la ectasia corneal, el ojo seco y las queratitis, que, aunque son poco comunes, el conocimiento profundo de las complicaciones puede ayudar a reducir su aparición, y la identificación temprana con el tratamiento adecuado a tiempo puede salvar estos ojos de la pérdida de visión.
Les arbitres comme acteurs de justice
Authors: Gélinas Fabien 
Published: July 2023

D’aucuns qualifieront d’inattendue l’intrusion de l’arbitre dans un volume
consacré aux acteurs de la justice tant cette dernière est associée, dans la conscience
collective, à l’État et à ses juges. Ne dit-on pas que la justice est fonction régalienne,
une fonction dont l’État doit assurer l’organisation ? Ou que le Souverain est source de
toute justice ? Cette contribution cherche à replacer dans une perspective plus large la
justice en la distinguant de ses incarnations contemporaines les plus visibles, celles qui,
encore aujourd’hui, en déterminent la représentation et l’imaginaire. Ce recul historique
et conceptuel permet d’entrevoir le potentiel considérable de la décision de justice hors
l’investiture d’un juge, où se profile la figure sans âge, ubiquitaire et récurrente de
l’arbitre rendant une justice dénudée de ses atours régaliens, purifiée des traces de son
incontournable rôle politique, affranchie de ses contraintes nationalistes, et ramenée à son
intemporelle expression.
Bridging the Digital Divide in Agriculture: An Investigation to ICT Adoption for Sustainable Farming Practices in Banaskantha District of Gujarat, India
Authors: Samadder Shruti , Pandya Sanjay P. , Lal Sudhanand Prasad 
Published: July 2023

This article investigates the difficulties farmers encounter in adopting and utilising ICT technologies for sustainable agriculture, with a particular emphasis on bridging the digital divide. To assess the digital divide among farmers, the study examines access to technology, digital literacy levels, and internet connectivity. Affordability, awareness, and complexity are highlighted and analysed as barriers to ICT adoption. To address these barriers, customised ICT solutions, including user-friendly tools, are being developed. The influence of these solutions on long-term farming practises were assessed. The interpretations emphasise solutions such as cost reduction, subsidisation, improved power supply, information delivery in local languages, the establishment of service centres, and the provision of training programmes. Implementing these solutions can help to bridge the digital divide, improve information access, and promote sustainable agriculture. This article examines the challenges that farmers encounter when adopting and utilizing ICT (Information and Communication Technology) solutions for sustainable agriculture, with a particular focus on addressing the digital divide. The research investigates the accessibility of technology, levels of digital literacy, and internet connectivity to determine the extent of the digital divide among farmers. It identifies and examines affordability, awareness, and complexity as obstacles to ICT adoption. To overcome these barriers, customized ICT solutions are being developed, including user-friendly tools. The long-term impact of these remedies on farming practices is being studied. The findings highlight the importance of cost-cutting measures, subsidies, improved electricity supply, information dissemination in local languages, the establishment of service centres, and the provision of training programs. Implementing these solutions can help bridge the digital divide and enhance farming practices.
Explaining normative–deliberative gaps is essential to dual-process theorizing
Authors: Stupple Edward J. N. , Ball Linden J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We discuss significant challenges to assumptions of exclusivity and highlight methodological and conceptual pitfalls in inferring deliberative processes from reasoning responses. Causes of normative–deliberative gaps are considered (e.g., disputed or misunderstood normative standards, strategy preferences, task interpretations, cognitive ability, mindware and thinking dispositions) and a soft normativist approach is recommended for developing the dual-process 2.0 architecture.
Dynamic balancing of risks and rewards in a large herbivore: Further extending predator–prey concepts to road ecology
Authors: Poulin Marie‐Pier , Cherry Seth G. , Merkle Jerod A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Animal behaviour is shaped by the ability to identify risks and profitably balance the levels of risks encountered with the payoffs experienced. Anthropogenic disturbances like roads generate novel risks and opportunities that wildlife must accurately perceive and respond to. Basic concepts in predator–prey ecology are often used to understand responses of animals to roads (e.g. increased vigilance, selection for cover in their vicinity). However, prey often display complex behaviours such as modulating space use given varying risks and rewards, and it is unclear if such dynamic balancing is used by animals in the context of road crossings.

We tested whether animals dynamically balance risks and rewards relative to roads using extensive field‐based and GPS collar data from elk in Yoho National Park (British Columbia, Canada), where a major highway completely bisects their range during most of the year.

We analysed elk behaviour by combining hidden Markov movement models with a step‐selection function framework. Rewards were indexed by a dynamic map of available forage biomass, and risks were indexed by road crossings and traffic volumes.

We found that elk generally selected intermediate and high forage biomass, and avoided crossing the road. Most of the time, elk modulated their behaviour given varying risks and rewards. When crossing the highway compared with not crossing, elk selected for greater forage biomass and this selection was stronger as the number of highway crossings increased. However, with traffic volume, elk only balanced foraging rewards when they crossed a single time during a travel sequence.

Using a road ecology system, we empirically tested an important component of predator–prey ecology—the ability to dynamically modulate behaviour in response to varying levels of risks and rewards. Such a test articulates how decision‐making processes that consider the spatiotemporal variation in risks and rewards allow animals to successfully and profitably navigate busy roads. Applying well‐developed concepts in predator–prey theory helps understand how animals respond to anthropogenic disturbances and anticipate the adaptive capacity for individuals and populations to adjust to rapidly changing environments.
Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who underwent kidney-sparing surgery (KSS): a single-center study
Authors: Guan Hui , Wang Guangyu , Wang Weiping , Zhou Yuncan , Liu Zhikai , Hou Xiaorong , Yan Junfang , Sun Shuai , Hu Ke , Zhao Jing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who underwent kidney-sparing surgery (KSS).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 31 patients with primary UTUC who underwent kidney-sparing surgery (KSS) and who were treated with adjuvant radiotherapy at our center between October 1998 and May 2017. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 23.0. The primary endpoints of this study included overall survival (OS) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS); the secondary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS) and treatment-related toxicity.

Results
The median follow-up was 58.4 months (range, 12.7-185.3 months), and the median local recurrence time was 59.0 months (range, 7.0-185 months). All of the patients completed radiotherapy on schedule, and no grade 3–4 late-stage reaction was observed. The estimated 5-year and 10-year OS, DFS and LRFS rates of the patients were 64.0%, 61.1%, 69.6% and 48.0%, 40.9%, 64.6%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that age (χ2 = 4.224, P = 0.040), R0 resection (χ2 = 3.949, P = 0.047), and early stage (I + II) (χ2 = 6.515, P = 0.011) were associated with good OS; DFS benefit in early stage patients (χ2 = 6.151, P = 0.013) and age<70 years old (χ2 = 5.091, P = 0.024). Patients with distal ureteral segments had better LRFS than patients with proximal ureteral cancer (χ2 = 5.248, P = 0.022). However, multivariate analysis showed that age was the only factor of OS (χ2 = 4.099, P = 0.043).

Conclusion
Adjuvant radiotherapy is safe and tolerated, and LRFS was superior in middle and distal ureteral cancer than in proximal ureteral cancer.
Association between Mammographic Breast Density, Breast Cancer and Its Common Risk Factors Among Women: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Amini Mursal , Rattani Salma , Hofiani Sayed Murtaza Sadat , Hoshang Mer Mahmood Shah 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To identify the association of mammographic breast density with breast cancer and its common risk factors in the context of Afghanistan.
Methods
A case-control study enrolled Afghan women, age 35-years and above who were referred to the Radiology Department of French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children. Of all participants (n = 270), 71 had pathology proven breast malignancy labelled as cases and rest with normal/abnormal mammogram but negative pathology report for malignancy were labelled as controls.
Results
MBD type b, c and d had greater likelihood to be diagnosed with breast cancer compared to MBD type a and this difference was statistically significant, P = 0.025. The Odds Ratio of 10.057 suggests that participants with MBD type b, c, and d were 10.057 times more likely to have a breast cancer diagnosis compared to MBD type a with 95% CI of (1.337–75.660). The association between MBD and age, parity, breast-feeding history, breast feeding number, menopausal status, passive smoking, and BMI were statistically significant with the p value less than 0.05, whereas no statistically significant association was found between MBD and family history of breast cancer, active smoking, physical activity, OCP and HRT usage.
Conclusion
Afghan women with higher types of MBD (b, c and d) are 10 times more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer compared to Afghan women with type a MBD.
Descriptive Study: The Lexicon Used in The Makepung Tradition by The People of Jembrana Regency
Authors: Darmawan Putu Wahyu Edi 
Published: July 2023

The development of science and technology has caused local traditions to be abandoned by the younger generation, one of which is the Makepung tradition. To preserve this culture, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study regarding the lexsicon elements in this tradition. This study aimed to describe and analyze the lexicon that was used on the Makepung tradition in Kaliakah village, Jembrana Regency. This study was designed in the form of descriptive qualitative study and used eco-linguistic approach. There were two process in collecting the data in this study, namely, observation and interview with the informan. Three informants were chosen based on the standard requirement and criteria determined in this study. The data were analyzing based on the data obtained from the informants and described descriptively. Based on the data analysis that have been conducted in this study, it was found that there were total 54 lexicons that is listed in this study, those lexicons are some terms that is commonly used in the Makepung tradition in Kaliakah village, Jembrana Regency. It was expected that this study can be a reference for the other researchers who have interest in Eco-linguistics study, especially for the makepung tradition of Jembrana regency.