bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic mapping of the wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr19 and development of translocation lines to break its linkage with yellow pigment
Authors: Xu Shoushen , Lyu Zhongfan , Zhang Na , Li Mingzhu , Wei Xinyi , Gao Yuhang , Cheng Xinxin , Ge Wenyang , Li Xuefeng , Bao Yinguang , Yang Zujun , Ma Xin , Wang Hongwei , Kong Lingrang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The leaf rust resistance locus Lr19, which was transferred to wheat (Triticum aestivum) from its relative Thinopyrum ponticum in 1966, still confers broad resistance to most known races of the leaf rust pathogen Puccinia triticina (Pt) worldwide. However, this gene has not previously been fine-mapped, and its tight linkage with a gene causing yellow pigmentation has limited its application in bread wheat breeding. In this study, we genetically mapped Lr19 using a bi-parental population from a cross of two wheat-Th. ponticum substitution lines, the Lr19-carrying line 7E1(7D) and the leaf rust-susceptible line 7E2(7D). Genetic analysis of the F2 population and the F2:3 families showed that Lr19 was a single dominant gene. Genetic markers allowed the gene to be mapped within a 0.3 cM interval on the long arm of Th. ponticum chromosome 7E1, flanked by markers XsdauK3734 and XsdauK2839. To reduce the size of the Th. ponticum chromosome segment carrying Lr19, the Chinese Spring Ph1b mutant was employed to promote recombination between the homoeologous chromosomes of the wheat chromosome 7D and the Th. ponticum chromosome 7E1. Two translocation lines with short Th. ponticum chromosome fragments carrying Lr19 were identified using the genetic markers closely linked to Lr19. Both translocation lines were resistant to 16 Pt races collected throughout China. Importantly, the linkage between Lr19 and yellow pigment content was broken in one of the lines. Thus, the Lr19 linked markers and translocation lines developed in this study are valuable resources in marker-assisted selection as part of common wheat breeding programs.
Retrospective Clinical Characterization of Women with Prolonged Persistent Postpartum Urinary Retention
Authors: Ayyash Mariam , Briskin Rebeccah , Calimente Stefan , Kallabat Hana , Pezzillo Michael , Estanol Maria Victoria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Prolonged postpartum urinary retention (PPUR) is a rare form of urinary retention lasting longer than 3 days after delivery, and no clinical standards exist for the diagnosis and treatment of this emotionally distressing and uncomfortable condition. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of PPUR at a single institution and to define the clinical features of women who developed PPUR.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics of 14 women who were diagnosed with non-iatrogenic PPUR at a single tertiary care center in Detroit, Michigan between October 2013 and December 2020. Demographics and clinical characteristics were analyzed with descriptive statistics.
Results
Of 60,352 deliveries, 14 (0.023%) women developed PPUR. Mean ± standard deviation age was 30.1 ± 6.1 years and body mass index was 27.3 ± 9.5 kg/m². A total of 12 (86%) patients received neuraxial anesthesia, 11 (79%) delivered vaginally, and the mean second stage of labor was 2.6 ± 1.9 hours. Median (range) onset of urinary retention was 12 (2–72) hours postpartum, and median duration of urinary retention until resolution was 6 (4–41) days. Median postvoid residual volume was 838 (313–1250) mL.
Conclusion
PPUR occurred at a low rate. Most women with PPUR had received neuraxial anesthesia, had vaginal deliveries, and experienced a prolonged second stage of labor. Large studies are needed to elucidate PPUR risk factors so that standard guidelines can be implemented for rapid diagnosis and treatment of this rare complication of pregnancy.
Health Seeking Behaviour and Knowledge on Neonatal Danger Signs Among Neonatal Caregivers in Upper Denkyira East Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Gyaase Philip , Aduse-Poku Edward , Lanquaye Mavis Opoku , Acheampong Emmanuel Boateng , Sampson David Ben 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The purpose of the project was to assess the health seeking behaviour and knowledge on neonatal danger signs among lactating mothers in the Upper Denkyira East Municipality.
Methods: The study used quantitative and employed a descriptive cross sectional survey to recruit mothers and neonatal care takers visiting postnatal clinic. The target population was mothers and neonatal care takers above 18 years visiting the facility and were willing to be part of the study. Total population for the study was 387 however, 381 responded to the questionnaire. Structured questionnaire was the main data collection tool for the study. Data were analysed with SPSS version 23.0. Logistic regression with Pearson Chi square, p-value and odd ratio were the main statistical methods for the data analysis.
Results: The results showed that almost half of the respondents 138 (36.2%) stated that diarrhoea and vomiting constituted the major danger signs that sent their neonates to the hospital. Also the health seeking behaviour of the mothers showed positive results as most of the mothers (77.2%) attended hospital on their own volition. Finally, the association between mothers’ socio-demographic characteristics and recognition of neonatal danger signs showed that mothers educational level and occupation were statistically significant (p-value=0.000).
Conclusion: The study concluded that mothers’ knowledge on neonatal danger signs was high and good health seeking behaviour. It is recommended that community health nurses and midwives should embark on home visits to encourage mothers to practice the knowledge and skills acquired during counselling at the hospital.
Memory capacity and prioritization in mice
Authors: Qiao Qinbo , Mairlot Caroline , Bendor Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Our brain’s capacity for memory storage may be vast but is still finite. Given that we cannot remember the entirety of our experiences, how does our brain choose what to remember and what to forget? Much like the triage of a hospital’s emergency room, where urgent cases are prioritized and less critical patients receive delayed or even no care, the brain is believed to go through a similar process of memory triage while we sleep. Recent salient memories are prioritized for consolidation during sleep, which helps create stable, long-term representations in the brain; less salient memories receive a lower priority, and are eventually forgotten if not sufficiently consolidated. While rodents are a primary model for studying memory consolidation, common behavioral tests typically rely on a limited number of items or contexts, well within the memory capacity of the subject. A memory test exceeding an animal’s memory capacity is key to investigating how memories are selectively strengthened or forgotten. Here we report a new serial novel object recognition task designed to investigate the phenomenon of memory triage in mice, allowing us to directly test a rodent’s memory capacity and investigate factors influencing memory prioritization.
Molecular detection and identification of hemotropic Mycoplasma species in dogs and their ectoparasites in Iran
Authors: Beus Kimia , Goudarztalejerdi Ali , Sazmand Alireza 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hemotropic Mycoplasma species are vector-borne bacteria that attach and grow on the surface of erythrocytes in various mammals, yet reports of canine hemoplasmosis in Iran are scarce. The aim of this study was molecular detection and identification of hemoplasmas in the blood of dogs (n = 370) from five provinces of Iran and ectoparasites infesting them including Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans fleas, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks, Heterodoxus spiniger lice and Hippobosca longipennis keds. The presence of hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. pathogens were detected using group-specific, and identified using species-specific conventional PCRs detecting Mycoplasma haemocanis (Mhc) and Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum (CMhp) followed by Sanger sequencing. Correlation of infection and risk factors (geographical area, keeping condition, body condition, sex, age, infestation with ectoparasite) were analyzed. In total, 210 dogs (56.7%) tested PCR-positive for hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. Species-specific PCR and sequencing revealed infection with Mhc in 17.8%, with CMhp in 7.02% and co-infection in 31.9% of dogs. Flea infestation, poor body condition, and being older than 3-years-old correlated with hemoplasmosis. In ectoparasites, DNA of hemoplasmas were detected only in fleas i.e. Mhc in P. irritans, CMhp in P. irritans and C. canis, and co-infection with Mhc an CMhp in C. canis. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale molecular epidemiology study of canine hemoplasmosis in Iran. Considering the high prevalence of canine hemoplasmosis all over the country including potentially zoonotic CMhp, effective ectoparasite control strategies, regular examination of dogs, successful chemoprophylaxis and public awareness strategies are advocated.
Sustainability and Environmental Impact of the Tourism Sector: Analysis Applied to Swimming Pools in the Hotel Industry on the Costa Brava
Authors: Arimany-Serrat Núria , Guillén Juan José Gómez 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The hotel industry already has a high level of sensitivity to environmental sustainability at all levels, from the owners and managers of the establishments to the clients who stay there. The Costa Brava is an area with high water stress during the high tourist season; therefore, any initiative that seeks to make the sector and one of its main assets, such as swimming pools, more environmentally sustainable is of great social interest. Swimming pools are one of the hotel industry's most important assets in attracting visitors to their facilities. Improving the energy efficiency of these facilities will not only improve the sustainability of the hotel industry but will also improve operating costs and allow establishments to dedicate more resources to their hospitality business. The aim of this research is to collect data on the swimming pools installed in hotels on the Costa Brava, to calculate the carbon footprint equivalent to the consumption of electrical energy and to identify the possibilities for improvement in the installations
Nanoscale Doping of Polymeric Semiconductors with Confined Electrochemical Ion Implantation
Authors: Xiang Lanyi , He Zihan , Jia Lingxuan , Jiang Ziling , Dai Xiaojuan , Ma Yingqiao , Liu Liyao , Meng Qing , Zou Ye , Zhang Fengjiao , Zhu Daoben , Di Chong-an 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nano-resolved doping of polymeric semiconductors can overcome scaling limitations toward highly integrated flexible electronics, but remains a fundamental challenge. Here, we report a general methodology for achieving nanoscale ion-implantation-like electrochemical doping of polymeric semiconductors by confining counterion electromigration in an electrolyte. The process is mediated by adjusting the electrolyte glass transition temperature (Tg) and the operating temperature (T), which generates a highly localized electric field distribution and anisotropic ion migration that nearly vertical to the nanotip electrodes. The confined doping produces a record resolution of 56 nm with a lowest lateral diffusion length (LDL) down to 6 nm, which approaches the polaron delocalization limit of the host polymer. Moreover, we demonstrate a universal exponential dependence of the doping resolution on the temperature difference (Tg−T) that can be used to depict the doping resolution for almost infinite polymeric semiconductors. Our results may stimulate the design and nanofabrication of novel polymer devices based on the nanoscale defined doping patterns.
Attenuated Salmonella carrying siRNA-PD-L1 and radiation combinatorial therapy induces tumor regression on HCC through T cell-mediated immuno-enhancement
Authors: Jia Huijie , wei pengkun , Zhou Shijie , Hu Yuanyuan , Zhang Chunjing , Li Bingqian , Gan Zerui , Xia Yuanling , Jiang Hanyu , Shao Mingguang , Guo Sheng , Yang Zishan , Zhong Jiateng , Ren Feng , Zhang Huiyong , Zhang Yongxi , Zhao Tiesuo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent type of aggressive liver cancer, accounts for the majority of liver cancer diagnoses and fatalities. Despite recent advancements in HCC treatment, it remains one of the deadliest cancers. Radiation therapy (RT) is among the locoregional therapy modalities employed to treat unresectable or medically inoperable HCC. However, radio-resistance poses a significant challenge. It has been demonstrated that RT induced the upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells, which may affect response to PD-1-based immunotherapy, providing a rationale for combining PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with radiation. Here, we utilized attenuated Salmonella as a carrier to explore whether attenuated Salmonella carrying siRNA-PD-L1 could effectively enhance the anti-tumor effect of radiotherapy on HCC-bearing mice. Our results showed that a combination of siRNA-PD-L1 and radiotherapy had a synergistic anti-tumor effect by inhibiting the expression of PD-L1 induced by radiation therapy. Mechanistic insights indicated that the combination treatment significantly suppressed tumor cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and stimulated immune cell infiltration and activation in tumor tissues. Additionally, the combination treatment increased the ratios of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and NK cells from the spleen in tumor-bearing mice. This study presents a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment, especially for patients with RT resistance.
Elucidation of Molecular Mechanisms of ASK1 Regulation by 14-3-3 for NASH therapeutics: Insights from Computational Simulations
Authors: Agrahari Ashish , Sarmadhikari Debapriyo , Asthana Shailendra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a global health concern with no effective treatment options. Apoptosis-signaling kinase 1 (ASK1) hyperactivity induced by oxidative stress has been identified as a key contributor to hepatic inflammation, apoptosis, and liver fibrogenesis, is the hallmark of NASH. Several attempts by companies and academia have attempted to develop ASK1 inhibitors, however, they failed in clinical trials due to substantial side effects. Hence, there is an unmet need for an alternate approach such as protein-protein interactions (PPIs) to modulate ASK1 activity via allosteric regulators rather than complete blockage of ASK1. The PPI driven allosteric inhibition of ASK1 traverses a promising strategy as its regulators in disease states are well documented. Among them, 14-3-3, a -ve regulator that allosterically inhibits ASK1 as it restricts the access of the catalytic site by preventing the substrate from entering into the catalytic site, however the mechanistic insights have not been explored. The 14-3-3 binding site and its impact at catalysis site is wired through an unstructured region indicating the possibility that this process is highly dynamics coupled, a major bottleneck in PPI-based inhibitor designing. Therefore, we are investigating the structural behavior of 14-3-3 and ASK1 interfaces using molecular modeling and microsecond molecular dynamics simulations. We identified that dynamics which correlate the structural and functional implications of the allosteric modulation via 14-3-3 on ASK1’s catalytic site and underscores a novel strategy for allosteric inhibition of ASK1. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the complex state of ASK1 (with 14-3-3) was more stable than the apo state with a more restricted catalytic pocket volume as it visualizes that it potentially prevents the substrate entry in the absence of a ligand. Our findings provide structural determinants of allosteric regulation of ASK1 by 14-3-3 for the development of novel therapeutics against ASK1.
Fasting-induced RNF152 re-sensitizes gallbladder cancer cells to gemcitabine by inhibiting mTORC1-mediated glycolysis
Authors: Tao Ying , Gong Zijun , Shen Sheng , Ding Yaqi , Zan Rui , Zheng Bohao , Sun Wentao , Ma Chaolin , Shu Mengxuan , Lu Xiao , Liu Han , Ni Xiaoling , Liu Houbao , Suo Tao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Accumulating evidence indicates that the lysosomal Ragulator complex is essential for the full activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Abnormal mTORC1 activation has been implicated in cancer and glycolytic metabolism associated with drug resistance. Fasting is known to upregulate the ring finger protein 152 (RNF152) and mediate the metabolic status of cells. Here we report that RNF152 regulates mTORC1 signaling by targeting p18, a subunit of the Ragulator, and attenuates gemcitabine resistance in gallbladder cancer (GBC). The effects of RNF152 expression on molecular behavior were analyzed. RNF152 and p18 levels were detected in tissues, and detailed mechanistic studies were undertaken by using activators, inhibitors, and lentivirus transfections. RNF152 levels were significantly lower in GBC than in adjacent non-cancer tissues. Fasting impairs glycolysis, induces gemcitabine sensitivity, and upregulates the expression of RNF152. RNF152 overexpression increases the sensitivity of GBC cells to the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine, whereas silencing RNF152 exhibited the opposite effect. Our study verified that fasting-induced RNF152 ubiquitinates p18, resulting in proteasomal degradation. RNF152 deficiency induces the increased lysosomal localization of p18 and other members of the Ragulator-Rag complex, and increased mTORC1 activity, to promote glycolysis and decrease gemcitabine sensitivity in GBC. Our research suggests that RNF152 is a fasting sensor and an important regulator of the mTORC1 signal. RNF152 functions as a tumor suppressor that can suppress the activity of mTORC1 to inhibit glycolysis and enhance the sensitivity of gemcitabine in GBC. RNF152 may have potential in the therapeutic management of GBC.
The interaction between microbiome and epigenetic diversity as a source of phenotypic variation for fish with low genetic diversity
Authors: Anka Ishrat , Webster Tamsyn Uren , Berbel-Filho Waldir , Hitchings Matthew , Overland Benjamin , de Leaniz Carlos Garcia , Consuegra Sofia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Non-genetic sources of phenotypic variation, such as the epigenome and the microbiome, could be important sources of adaptive variation for species with low genetic diversity, but little is known about the complex interaction between them and the genetic diversity of the host, particularly in wild populations. We examined the skin microbiome composition of two closely related mangrove killifish species with different mating systems (self-fertilising and outcrossing) under sympatric and allopatric conditions, to partition the influence of the genotype and the environment on their microbiome and epigenetic profiles. The diversity and community composition of the skin microbiome were shaped by strong genotype by environment interactions. We also found positive relationships between individual genetic diversity (heterozygosity) and microbiome alpha diversity (Faith and Chao1 measures) and between epigenetic variation and alpha diversity (Simpson evenness). Individual pairwise epigenetic and microbiome differentiation were positively correlated and influenced by species. We propose that the interaction between the host genotype, the microbiome and the epigenome can provide a plastic response to environmental variation, particularly relevant for individuals with low genetic diversity, and highlight the importance of considering the holobiont as the unit of selection to understand adaptation to environmental change.
Malnutrition as a Prognostic Factor in the Survival of Patients With Gastric Cancer
Authors: Bicakli Derya Hopanci , Miftari Almir , Almuradova Elvina , Aktuna Atalay , Gursoy Pinar , Cakar Burcu , Ersin Sinan , Sanlı Ulus Ali , Goker Erdem 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of nutritional status and sarcopenia on survival in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Research Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 150 GC patients at the oncology outpatient clinic. Malnutrition and sarcopenia status were determined according to The Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and anthropometric measurements. Survival analyses were conducted using Kaplan–Meier method and Cox-regression analysis. Results The mean age was 60.1 ± 11.4, and 64% (n = 96) were male, 36% were female (n = 54) patients. Severe malnutrition was observed in 63.3% (n = 95) of patients. In univariate analysis, the mean survival time (ST) for patients with a PG-SGA score < 9 point was 76.3 ± 7.4 month (95% CI:61.7–90.9), for patients with PG-SGA score ≥ 9 was 35.8 ± 4.1 month (95% CI:27.8–43.7) (p < 0.001). The mean ST for patients with and without sarcopenia was 32.0 ± 7.3 month (95% CI:17.7–46.3), 54.1 ± 4.8 month (95% CI:44.7–63.6) respectively (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, the risk of death in the patients who didn’t undergo gastrectomy [HR = 1.9 (95% CI:1.2–2.9)], malnourished [HR = 2.3 (95% CI:1.5–3.5)], had metastases [HR = 2.4 (95% Cl:1.4-4.0)] was higher. With the adjustment there was no association between the survival and sarcopenia (p > 0,05). Conclusions Malnutrition was identified as one of the independent risk factors for survival in GC patients, similar to the presence of metastases and the absence of gastrectomy. GC patients should be followed carefully in terms of these issues and nutritional interventions should be made when necessary.
Periodontitis is associated with uncontrolled hypertension: results from a cross-sectional study of urban elderly population in southeast China
Authors: Chen Yue , Zheng Jiaoer , Zhu Haihua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a common local inflammatory disease associated with hypertension, this study aims to explore the relationship between periodontitis and uncontrolled hypertension and whether inflammation indication is a mediator of this relationship.Methods 1488 elders attending annual physical and oral examinations in Zhejiang province were included in this study. The staging of Periodontitis was classified as none, mild-moderate and severe. Uncontrolled hypertension was categorized as: normotensive (SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg) and hypertensive (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). Peripheral blood samples were collected, information on hypertension history and potential confounders (age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, diabetes) was collected in questionnaires. The correlation between periodontitis and hypertension was investigated using linear regression analyses, mediation analysis was assessed for the effect of inflammation on hypertension.Results The results showed that uncontrolled hypertension is statistically significant associated with periodontitis, the association is mediated by inflammation indexes.Conclusions In a study of urban elderly population in southeast China, periodontitis is found to be significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension, such relation is mediated by WBC and neutrophil count. Promotion of periodontal health strategies in the dental setting could help reduce the burden of hypertension and its complications.