bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of True Triaxial High Pressure Subcritical Water Impact Fracturing
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Hu Shaobin , Wang Enyuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A new fluid alternative to slick water for fracturing shale gas can reduce the waste of water resources and improve the extraction efficiency. For the new fracturing technology, the experiments of different release pressures under pre-injection and for pre-injection were conducted by using the self-designed true triaxial experimental system, and the pressure pulse curves were obtained to analyze the fracturing principle. The experimental results showed that: (1) the pressure rise curve in the reactor can be divided into five steps: initial reaction stage, linear pressure rise stage, rate slowdown stage, instantaneous pressure release stage and residual pressure stage;(2) Pre-filling mode fracturing requires smaller expansion ratio, weaker pressure degradation, resulting in better fracturing effect;(3) The increase in initial fracture length leads to an increase in the pressure required to extend the fracture, and high-pressure subcritical water impact fracturing achieved fracture extension by a lower fluid pressure;(4) The fractal dimension has a strong linear relationship with fracture complexity, which is a new option to evaluate the fracturing effect.
Correlation between donor acute kidney injury and recipient BK viruria after surgery
Authors: Liu Yiting , Kong Chenyang , Wang Tianyu , Zhang Yalong , Hu Haochong , Qiu Tao , Zhou Jiangqiao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Donor acute kidney injury (AKI) may provide more donor kidney sources to organ banks and provide more transplant opportunities for patients suffering from kidney failure. The BK virus normally resides in the human body and is more likely to be activated in kidney transplant recipients. BK viruria occurs following the infection of kidney transplant recipients with the BK virus (BKV); this is followed by BK viremia. When BKV reaches the transplanted kidney, it will increase the probability of renal graft loss. Few studies have investigated the relationship between donor AKI and recipient BK viruria. In this study, we investigated the relationship between donor AKI and recipient BK viruria to provide more donor kidney sources for kidney transplantation.
Methods
We performed retrospective analysis on 338 kidney transplant recipients in our hospital between 2018 and 2021. These were divided into a BK viruria group and a non-BK viruria group. The initial donor and kidney transplantation characteristics of the two groups were evaluated, and the association between donor AKI and BK viruria was analyzed by univariate, multivariate and subgroup analysis.
Results
At the median follow-up time of 826 days (range: 527–1176) days, 55 of renal transplantation patients developed BK viruria; thus, the incidence of BK viruria was 16.3%. Approximately, 47.3% of BK viruria occurred within six months after kidney transplantation. Compared with the non-BK viruria group, the age (58[48,64] vs 53[45,60], P = 0.014), Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) (0.83[0.70, 0.92] vs 0.71[0.49, 0.87], P = 0.005)and Kidney Donor risk Index (KDRI) (1.42[1.22, 1.66] vs 1.24[0.99, 1.50], P = 0.005) of the corresponding donor were higher, the sCr before kidney transplantation(814.00 [640.50, 1085.00] vs 983.00 [781.00, 1194.00], P = 0.006), along with the proportion of patients with a Panel Reactive Antibodies (PRA) > 10% prior to surgery (5.5% vs 17.3%, P = 0.024), and the serum creatinine (sCr) 21 days after surgery (94.00 [78.00, 115.50] vs 105.00 [83.00, 136.50], P = 0.04) in the recipient were lower, and the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) prior to surgery (5.19 [4.06, 8.09] vs 4.61 [3.72, 6.32], P = 0.016) was higher. No independent association was detected between donor AKI and BK viruria by univariate, multivariate, or subgroup analyses.
Conclusions
In this single-center study, we found that there was no correlation between donor AKI and postoperative BK viruria with regards to donor after cardiac death (DCD). Thus, AKI donor kidneys can be used to alleviate organ shortages.
Application of image deblurring method and voice network analysis in 3D environment art design system
Authors: Qing Xia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In a non-uniform blurred scene, pixels in other places in the blurred image undergo a downgrading process, which makes it difficult to accurately estimate the blur kernel. The method based on deep learning can directly realize image deblurring without estimating the blur kernel. Therefore, in this article, we will use deep learning methods to study the problem of blind listeners in dynamic scenes. Looking at the recent deep learning methods applied to denoisers, most image deblurring processing is set to image mapping. As the many advantages of network voice communication have quickly become an important part of people's online life, more and more researchers have begun to use voice network analysis as a steganography carrier. Compared with the old steganographic carrier, the use of network voice stream as the carrier has the advantages of immediacy, higher steganographic bandwidth and variable carrier length. However, steganography based on voice network analysis is combined with certain secure communication technologies to send harmful confidential information. This may become a major security threat because it is difficult to detect. Using 3D environment visualization technology, people can directly manipulate the physical information in the 3D graphics world and communicate directly with the computer. This 3D environment visualization technology integrates the power of humans and machines in an intuitive and natural way. These innovative changes will undoubtedly significantly improve people's work efficiency. Visualization technology enables people to interact with the art design system in real time, so people can use the art design system to obtain information or use previously unimaginable ways, and then they can play their creative thinking.
Fly Ash Derived FAU Zeolite Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Hossi Januario Da Costa , Nkazi Diakanua , Merwe Josias van Der , Joel Atuman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Zeolites are expensive materials which find broad applicability as adsorbents and catalyst for a variety of industrial processes attributed to their structure with specific surface, well defined pore dimension, and chemical properties. The synthesis of zeolites from coal fly ash is widely reported and offers an opportunity to valorize wastes in such a way that creates great environmental and economic impacts. In this study the alkaline hydrothermal synthesis method was used to identify the key synthesis parameters of zeolites from fly ash and their effects on the crystallinity. The raw fly ash, obtained from Sasol Coal mining, South Africa, was used as source of alumina and silica that gave the zeolite formation. Prior to the synthesis, the ash was calcined at 850ᵒC, followed by fusion with sodium hydroxide at 550ºC, and the mixture was then dissolved with appropriate volume of deionized water and exposed to an aging step with stirring for several hours. The synthesis was optimized by varying the reaction conditions, such as the composition of starting materials, the synthesis temperature, and time which achieved a faujasite (FAU)-type zeolite with good crystallinity yield. The treated fly ash reveals good properties of Si/Al ratio, surface area, thermal stability, improved morphology, N2-adsorption, and good cationic exchange capacity characteristic of FAU zeolites. Thus, the coal fly ash-to-zeolite conversion can gain notice amongst investors due to its potential market value while assisting with solid waste management as practical way to relieve the environmental pressures of coal ash dumps which is one goal of sustainable development.
A qualitative study exploring motivating factors for medical Students' involvement in extracurricular activities at Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sajid Muhammad Raihan , Kashir Junaid , Yasin Randa , Jijakli Leen , Obeidat Akef , Howden Stella 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The data is scarce regarding the motivating factors in medical students that lead them to involvement in extracurricular activities and the role of medical student associations as a formal platform for student involvement in such activities. This qualitative study aimed to examine the role of the medical student association (MSA) at Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia by exploring student perspectives towards extracurricular activities and motivating and/or demotivating factors of students for involvement with MSA. We conducted a descriptive study employing focus group interviews as our main method of data collection. A total of four focus group interviews were conducted, using thematic framework analysis to analyse resultant data. Motivating factors underlying student reasoning for joining the MSA included wanting to improve self-esteem and/or CV/résumé, avoid burnout, gain social experiences, overcome shyness, adjust to the university environment, and increase accessibility to research opportunities. Skills gained included problem-solving, conflict resolution and communication skills, organizational planning and management skills, and peer mentorship. We conclude that the MSA appears to provide a positive opportunity to medical students to be part of various activities, creating a conducive environment for supporting overall well-being and potentially supporting adjusting to the university environment and facilitating the acquisition of various skills.
Features and development trends of primary care research conducted by practice-based research networks from 1991 to 2020: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Wang Yang , Cao Xinyang , Xu Zhijie , Fang Hai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) have been recognized as essential laboratories and mechanisms for developing primary care research. This scoping review aims to examine and map the features and development trends of productivity, research category, and methods in original primary care research conducted by global PBRNs between 1991 and 2020.
Methods
We have assembled an interdisciplinary team that will undertake this scoping review. The procedures will follow the framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. The targeted literature data are original primary care research conducted by PBRNs and published from January 1, 1991, to December 31, 2020. We generated an integrated search strategy collecting publications from 3 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase), 16 major primary health care journals, and 364 relevant organizations. Two experienced researchers will independently screen titles, keywords, and abstracts of all references and extract data about eight key elements. Disagreements between the two reviewers will be resolved through group discussions moderated by the third reviewer. The final data will be presented in tables and charts depending on the different conceptual categories. No ethical approval was required for this study. Findings will be disseminated through local and international conference presentations and publication in a scientific journal.
Discussion
This study is the first scoping review drawing upon the development trends and features of primary care research conducted by PBRNs. This study will provide reference information for researchers in countries/regions building their research infrastructure and capacity in general practice, family medicine, and primary care.
Trial registration:
Registered in OSF in July 25, 2022 (https://osf.io/zgv9c)
Mean corpuscular volume as a prognostic factor for 30-day mortality in major trauma patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Choi Hanlim , Lee Jin Young , Sul Young Hoon , Kim Se Heon , Ye Jin Bong , Yoon Soo Young , Seok Junepill , Choi Jung Hee , Lee Jin Suk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is useful for the classification of anemia and has recently been suggested as a prognostic factor for several medical conditions. We investigated the clinical implications of MCV in patients with major trauma.

Methods

We performed a single-center retrospective review of 2021 trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit between January 2016 and June 2020. We included 1218 patients aged ≥ 18 years with an injury severity score ≥ 16 in the final analysis. The clinical and laboratory variables were compared between macrocytic (defined as MCV ≥ 100 fL) and normocytic anemia groups. Cox regression analysis was performed to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of variables for 30-day mortality, with adjustment for other potential confounding factors.

Results

The initial mean value of MCV was 102.7 fL in the macrocytosis group (n = 199) and 93.7 fL in the normocytosis group (n = 1019). The macrocytosis group showed a significantly higher proportion of initial hypotension, transfusion within 4 and 24 h, and 30-day mortality than the normocytosis group. Age ≥ 65 years), hypotension (systolic blood pressure ≤ 90 mmHg), transfusion (within 4 hours), anemia (Hb <12 g/d in men, <13 g/d in women), and macrocytosis were significantly associated with 30-day mortality (adjusted HR = 1.4; 95% confidence interval = 1.01 – 1.94; p = 0.046) in major trauma patients.

Conclusion

Initial macrocytosis independently predicted 30-day mortality in patients with major trauma at a Level I trauma center. Further studies are required to confirm that increased MCV reflects enlarged erythrocytes.
Evaluation of the patient experience and efficiency of breast cancer screening using automated breast ultrasound
Authors: Kim Joo Heung , Gwon So Hyeon , Son Nak-Hoon , Lee Si Eun , Kim Myung Hyun , Lee Jun Sang , Jeong Joon , Kim Eun-Kyung 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Breast ultrasonography is useful for breast cancer screening. To overcome the limitations of handheld ultrasound (HHUS), automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) was developed, and its use in clinical practice has, ever since, been increasing. In terms of performance, there is no significant difference between HHUS and ABUS; therefore, the resources can be managed efficiently if both methods are used appropriately. This study aimed to analyse the experiences of patients who underwent ABUS for breast cancer screening and to identify factors that can increase patient compliance and efficient resource allocation. We conducted a patient experience survey before and after ABUS in 140 patients who visited the hospital for breast cancer screening. Most patients were satisfied with ABUS; however, patients with small breasts, of young age, with very dense breasts, and having low BMI were dissatisfied and had high pain scores. Therefore, we recommend using ABUS as the primary tool for breast screening while maintaining the flexibility to use HHUS for patients with risk factors. This strategy can be expected to improve the overall compliance and efficient utilization of resources.
The relationship between EMG high-frequency and low-frequency band amplitude changes correlates with tissue inorganic phosphate levels
Authors: Habich Malgorzata , Pawlinski Bartosz , Lorenc Kamil , Sady Maria , Siewruk Katarzyna , Zielenkiewicz Piotr , Gajewski Zdzislaw , Poznanski Jaroslaw , Paczek Leszek , Szczesny Pawel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Assessing inorganic phosphate levels seems crucial in deciphering the biochemical state of organisms or tissues. The concentration of inorganic phosphate in the blood is an order of magnitude smaller than in tissues. On top of that, it is dynamically used to fill temporary gaps in tissues. This is the reason blood inorganic phosphate level is considered a poor proxy for tissue levels. Therefore, tissue biopsy seems to be the dominant method when assessing inorganic phosphate levels for instance in muscles. In this study, we attempted to derive a non-invasive biomarker for phosphate tissue levels. We analyzed surface electromyography signals taken during 31P spectroscopy of leg muscles in five adult pigs. We induced hypophosphatemia via 20 minutes-long hyperventilation. It turned out that the proportion of amplitude from the low-frequency band and the high-frequency band is significantly (p = 0.002) correlated with relative phosphate levels. The electromyographic signal didn’t correlate significantly with pO2 levels in the blood, which suggests that the changes in the signal are a result of inorganic phosphate levels, not hyperventilation. The results might lead to the development of real-time phosphate fluctuations measurement procedure.
Unveiling the hidden economic toll of biological invasions in the European Union
Authors: Henry Morgane , Leung Brian , Cuthbert Ross N. , Bodey Thomas W. , Ahmed Danish A. , Angulo Elena , Balzani Paride , Briski Elizabeta , Courchamp Franck , Hulme Philip E. , Kouba Antonin , Kourantidou Melina , Liu Chunlong , Macêdo Rafael L. , Oficialdegui Francisco J. , Renault David , Soto Ismael , Tarkan Ali Serhan , Turbelin Anna J. , Bradshaw Corey J. A. , Haubrock Phillip J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Biological invasions threaten the functioning of ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being by degrading ecosystem services and eliciting massive economic costs. The European Union, as the world’s third-largest economy, has historically been a hub for cultural development and global trade, and thus, has extensive opportunities for the introduction and spread of alien species. While reported costs of biological invasions to some member states have been recently assessed, ongoing knowledge gaps in taxonomic and spatio-temporal data suggest that these costs were considerably underestimated.
Results: We used the latest available cost data in InvaCost (v4.1) — the most comprehensive database on the costs of biological invasions — to assess the magnitude of this underestimation within the European Union via projections of current and future invasion costs. We used macroeconomic scaling and temporal modelling approaches to project available cost information over gaps in taxa, space, and time, thereby producing a more complete estimate for the European Union economy. We identified that 259 out of 13,331 (~ 1%) of known invasive alien species have reported costs in the European Union. Using a conservative subset of highly reliable, observed, country-level cost entries from 49 species (totalling US$4.7 billion; 2017 value) and information on ~ 13,000 established alien species within European Union member states, we projected unreported cost data for all member states.
Conclusions: Our corrected estimate of observed costs was potentially 501% higher (US$28.0 billion) than currently recorded. Using future projections of current estimates, we also identified a substantial increase in costs and costly species (US$148.2 billion) by 2040. We urge for improved cost reporting to clarify economic impacts of greatest concern, concomitant with coordinated international action to prevent and mitigate the impacts of invasive alien species in the European Union and globally.
Bacteria driven fossil ecosystems as indicator of active continental margins in the geological past. Usefulness of carbonate sediment hosted vent environments in geodynamic reconstructions
Authors: Bujtor László , Gyollai Ildikó , Szabó Máté , Kovács Ivett , Polgári Márta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Continental rifting of the Tisza microplate has started during the Late Jurassic that resulted phreatic eruptions, peperites, and built up a volcanic edifice in the Early Cretaceous of the Mecsek Mountains (South Hungary). In SE direction from the volcanic edifice at Zengővárkony a shallow marine (depth 100 – 200 m) carbonate sediment hosted vent environment and iron-ore deposition occurred at end Valanginian too early Hauterivian hosting a diverse, endemic fauna of around 60 species. Detailed mineralogical analysis of the transport channels include Fe oxides (ferrihydrite, goethite, hematite, magnetite), quartz, mixed carbonate, pyrite, feldspar, Fe-bearing clay minerals, apatite, sulphates (barite, gypsum, jarosite) and native sulphur. Filamentous, microbially mediated microtexture with inner sequented, necklace-like spheric forms (diameter 1 μm) and bacterial laminae are observed inside the decapod crustacean coprolites (Palaxius tetraochetarius) and in the rock matrix, too. This complex, ecological and mineralogical analysis provided direct evidence for the presence of bacteria at fossil SHV environments on one hand, and the intimate connection between bacteria and decapod crustaceans at hydrothermal environments 135 Ma before. This observation completes this chemosymbiotic fossil food chain from the primary producers to the top carnivores reported for the first time from this locality.
The Spatial Spectral K-Nearest Neighbor Minimax Label Projection Semi-supervised Classification For Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Image
Authors: Luo Dan , Liu Xin , xiong Naixue 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the issues of classification performance degradation of the algorithm due to too much redundant information of hyperspectral remote sensing images and incomplete classification of MMLP algorithm due to sparse graph, the Spatial Spectral K-Nearest Neighbor Minimax Label Projection (SSKMMLP) semi-supervised hyperspectral image classification algorithm was proposed, which is a semi-supervised hyperspectral image classification algorithm. SSKMMLP algorithm firstly uses Minimum noise fraction (MNF) and Principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm to reduce the dimension of image data. Secondly, MMLP algorithm is used to preliminarily classify the data after dimensionality reduction, and a new MMLP second algorithm is proposed to reclassify the unlabeled samples, to solve the problem that MMLP algorithm may not be able to completely classify. Finally, combined with spatial neighborhood information and classification results, all sample categories are judged again, so as to improve the classification accuracy further. Experimental results on data sets of Pavia University, Salinas, WHU-Hi-Longkou, WHU-Hi-Hanchuan, WHU-Hi-Honghu show that compared with the comparison method used, SSKMMLP algorithm only needs less class label samples to obtain higher classification accuracy.
A New Path to High-Performance Supercapacitors: Utilizing Ag-embedded CoFe- Phosphate and Ti 3 C 2 MXene as Hybrid Electrodes
Authors: Beknalkar Sonali Ajay , Teli Aviraj Mahadev , Khot Atul Chandrakant , Dongale Tukaram Dattatray , Yewale Manesh Ashok , Nirmal Kiran Arun , Shin Jae Cheol 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study addresses the inferior performance of assembled supercapacitor devices, which can be attributed to the sluggish kinetics and poor structural stability of positive electrodes and lower capacitance of carbon-based negative electrodes. To overcome this challenge, we propose a sustainable approach that utilizes Ag embedded CoFe-Phosphate (CFPAg) and Ti3C2 MXene as positive and negative electrodes, respectively, to fabricate a hybrid supercapacitor (HS) device. The CFPAg sample, composed of porous nanoflakes decorated with nanospheres of CoFe-phosphate material, is binder-free deposited on Ni-foam using a facial hydrothermal route. In contrast, the MX sample is synthesized via a chemical route and deposited on Ni-foam as the negative electrode. Our results show that the CFPAg electrode exhibits a specific capacity of 1021 mF/cm2 with 80.5% cyclic stability over 10,000 cycles, while the MX electrode shows a specific capacity of 177.6 mF/cm2 with a cyclability of 84.7% over 10,000 cycles. The HS device, fabricated using CFPAg and MX electrodes, exhibits an areal capacitance of 79.6 mF/cm2 and provides excellent cyclic stability of 96% measured over ~39,000 cycles, with 12.43 μWh/cm2 energy at 0.75 mW/cm2 power density measured at 2 mA/cm2 applied current. Our work serves as a foundation for developing a range of electrode materials for next-generation energy storage devices, offering a sustainable and effective solution to improve supercapacitor device performance and longevity.