bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of scapular strengthening exercises on rounded shoulder and neck disability among college students of Delhi NCR
Authors: Swain L. , Kalra S. , Rai R. , Raghav D. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As a result of COVID-19 illness epidemic, a worldwide health emergency has been proclaimed. The educational sector, whose old systems have been replaced by online educational systems, was particularly impacted by the state of lockdown. Prolonged and frequent sitting in front of monitors, which, by maintaining the same posture for an extended period of time, causes cumulative trauma disorder. The purpose was to evaluate effect of four-week scapular strengthening exercises on neck disability and scapular position in subjects with rounded shoulders. In this experimental study, 30 college students between ages of 18 and 22 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups, the Experimental group and the Control group, each having 15 participants. The experimental group received scapular strengthening exercises along with conventional treatment whereas the control group received conventional treatment only. Over the course of four weeks, both groups received training sessions three times a week. The neck impairment and scapular position were assessed before and after intervention. Both groups had made considerable improvements, although the experimental group experienced less pain and had a better scapular posture than the control group. Results demonstrated that the experimental group outperformed the control group statistically in terms of improvement in neck disability and rounded shoulder posture.
La polychromie de la sculpture française aux xiie-xiiie siècles : une esquisse
Authors: Le Pogam Pierre-Yves 
Published: April 2023

S’il est trop tôt pour tracer une synthèse à propos de la sculpture polychromée en France à l’époque romane et dans les premières périodes de l’art gothique, les études et restaurations récentes posent de nombreuses questions : spécificité ou non de la France par rapport aux autres pays, pertinence des scansions stylistiques traditionnelles, rapports entre art monumental et sculpture mobilière. Par ailleurs, la diversité des pratiques que l’on peut observer sur les œuvres permet de nuancer les conclusions qu’on pourrait tirer de la seule lecture des sources écrites, notamment quant aux processus de création ou au sens symbolique des couleurs. Enfin, bien des champs d’analyse restent à défricher, en particulier sur l’interaction entre les différents arts de la couleur ou sur l’attitude des siècles post-médiévaux.
La polychromie des sculptures du xive siècle en France
Authors: Chancel-Bardelot Béatrice de 
Published: April 2023

Dans la sculpture du xive siècle en France, la polychromie existe sous forme d’incrustations (marbre, verre, émaux, éléments métalliques) ; la polychromie peinte est parfois une polychromie partielle, ou semi-polychromie. L’or est souvent présent. Les polychromies reproduisent des tissus précieux ; l’évocation des carnations se fait réaliste. D’importantes études et restaurations ont été menées récemment à leur sujet dans des musées (Toulouse, Le Mans, Dijon) ou dans un contexte de monument historique (Dijon, Puits de Moïse).
Un retable du xive siècle (musée de Bar-le-Duc) : la complémentarité de la sculpture et de la polychromie
Authors: Gérard-Bendelé Anne , Le Pogam Pierre-Yves 
Published: April 2023

Un retable du xive siècle, conservé au musée de Bar-le-Duc et provenant probablement de la collégiale Saint-Maxe de cette ville, a été restauré en 2008 en vue de sa présentation à l’exposition « Les premiers retables (xiie-début du xve siècle). Une mise en scène du sacré » au musée du Louvre en 2009. La restauration a permis de redonner son éclat à une œuvre qui avait souffert à la fois du vandalisme, vraisemblablement à l’époque révolutionnaire, et d’un réemploi à une époque mal déterminée. Par ailleurs, l’étude liée à cette opération a mis en valeur les caractéristiques de la polychromie originale, notamment sa palette et sa complémentarité avec la forme sculptée.
Quelques réflexions sur la polychromie des sculptures en France dans la seconde moitié du xve et au xvie siècle
Authors: Guillot de Suduiraut Sophie 
Published: April 2023

Nous présentons quelques réflexions inspirées par des textes de l’époque, mis en parallèle avec les œuvres étudiées, sans dresser un tableau complet de la polychromie des sculptures françaises de la période envisagée. Après la question des auteurs de la polychromie – sculpteurs ou peintres –, différents points sont abordés : les couches préparatoires, les revêtements métalliques (or, argent, or parti), les décors appliqués dits « brocarts appliqués », les couches colorées et les carnations.Étape finale de l’exécution, la polychromie joue un rôle fondamental dans la perception de l’œuvre sculptée. Elle précise le modelé et différencie les surfaces, suggère tout à la fois la préciosité irréelle de l’image par l’éclat de l’or et son aspect réel par le traitement illusionniste des carnations et des étoffes. Dans l’ensemble, la polychromie est au service des mêmes intentions esthétiques et religieuses en France comme dans d’autres pays d’Europe.
Un Saint Jean de calvaire rouergat, témoin du raffinement et de la signification de la polychromie au début du xvie siècle
Authors: Deschamps-Tan Stéphanie , Faunières Dominique , Le Pogam Pierre-Yves , Pagès-Camagna Sandrine 
Published: April 2023

Acquise en 2003 par le musée du Louvre, la statue de Saint Jean l’Évangéliste (RF 4699) devait faire partie initialement d’un groupe représentant une Crucifixion. Une étude stylistique complétée par une étude technique et une analyse de la pierre ont permis d’établir sa provenance, à savoir la région de Rodez. Le dégagement de la polychromie originale, réalisé lors de la restauration de la sculpture en 2011, a permis de retrouver un contraste de couleurs franches pour la robe et le manteau et une fraîcheur des carnations dont les détails étaient subtilement nuancés. Un important décor de « brocarts appliqués » conférait à cette œuvre une préciosité certaine.
Diffusion-weighted imaging in differentiating benign versus malignant lymphadenopathy
Authors: Sumith K. M. , Vinoth T. , Jenikar P. , Kumar M. Vasantha 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Lymphadenopathy requires differentiation into benign and malignant for appropriate management. The current study was done to find out if diffusion-weighted images and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) will be able to differentiate benign from malignant cervical lymphadenopathy.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Radiology at Sri Ramachandra Medical College from April 2016 to August 2018. A total of 54 patients with a history of lymphadenopathy were recruited. Histopathological examination (HPE) and magnetic resonance imaging were done for all patients after a complete history and physical examination. The ADC was correlated with HPE in differentiating benign and malignant lymphadenopathy.

Results:
Majority (46.30%) were in the age group of 51 years and above. Twenty-eight (51.85%) had benign, whereas 26 (48.15%) had malignant lesions. There was a statistically significant difference between the nature of the lesion in ADC value ([× 10–3 mm2/s] [P < 0.001]). The ADC had good predictive validity in predicting malignancy, as indicated by the area under the curve of 0.904 (95% confidence interval 0.821 to 0.987, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
ADC values can be used as a complementary tool in assessing the malignant potential of lymph nodes in various conditions and hence play an essential role in the further course of management.
Morphological variations and biometrics of ear
Authors: Jan Shah Sumaya , Sobiya  , Shah Bashir Ahmad , Saleem Sheikh Mohd 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Anthropometric data for a specific population is always required for identification, product design, ear reconstruction, and manufacture of ear-related instruments. This study aimed to determine the anthropometric measures of the external ear and compare them on both the sides and in either sex among the ethnic Kashmiri population.

Methods:
The study sample had 98 boys and 102 females aged 18–25. Subjects with a history of craniofacial trauma, ear diseases, congenital defects, or ear surgery were excluded from the study after racial confirmation. A single investigator took all measurements on both the ears using a standard digital Vernier's caliper capable of measuring to the nearest 0.1 mm.

Results:
It is observed that the total ear width (EW) in the right ear ranged from 2.92 ± 0.19 to 3.12 ± 0.22 in cm. The mean EW on the left ear was found more significant than on the right side in the studied population. The mean TEH among the males in the right ear was found to be 6.02 ± 0.34, while in the left, it was 5.78 ± 0.33. Furthermore, the mean EW among the females on the right side was 2.88 ± 0.21 compared to 2.85 ± 1.25 for the left and right ears respectively. The association was found to be significant (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion:
Identifying landmark variations in distinct ethnic groups could help establish morphological assessment and morphometric variations of human ears.
Comparative evaluation of bupivacaine with magnesium sulphate and dexamethasone as adjuvants in ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for open unilateral inguinal hernia surgeries: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shambhavi T , Das Saswati , Senapati Laxman K. , Padhi Pulak P. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Inguinal hernia repair is associated with moderate to severe pain that is most extreme in the first 24 hours. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone versus magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) with bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for patients undergoing unilateral inguinal hernioplasty.

Methods:
Eighty patients were randomly allocated to two groups to receive ultrasound-guided TAP block postoperatively with either 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine with 8 mg of dexamethasone (Group BD) or 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine with 250 mg of MgSO4 (Group BM). Patients were assessed for the first 24 hours after surgery for pain at rest and movement using a numerical rating scale (NRS). Two mg/kg of tramadol was administered as rescue analgesia. The time to first demand tramadol, total consumption of tramadol, patient satisfaction score and side effects were evaluated.

Results:
The time to the first dose of rescue analgesia was significantly longer in BD group (596.13 ± 57.93 min) than in the BM group (422.50 ± 51.95 min). The NRS scores in the BD group were significantly lower compared to the BM group both at rest and on movement. The total requirement of tramadol was significantly less in the BD group (154.55 ± 59.11 mg) compared to the BM group (270.25 ± 105.72 mg). The incidence of side effects was lower and patient satisfaction was higher in BD group compared to BM group.

Conclusion:
Bupivacaine with dexamethasone in TAP block after unilateral open inguinal hernioplasty provides increased duration of analgesia and decreased requirement for rescue analgesics compared to magnesium sulphate, with lesser side effects and better patient satisfaction.
Comparison of the efficacy of pericapsular nerve group block (PENG) block versus suprainguinal fascia iliaca block (SFIB) in total hip arthroplasty: A randomized control trial
Authors: Vamshi Chethan , Sinha Chandni , Kumar Ajeet , Kumar Abhyuday , Kumari Poonam , Kumar Amarjeet , Kumar Sudeep , Arun SK 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Hip replacement surgery is a commonly performed surgery with the aim of improving mobility in patients suffering from hip conditions. Though the modified suprainguinal approach of fascia iliaca block (SFIB) is commonly used, the analgesic efficacy is moderate and is associated with quadriceps weakness. The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block has been used to block the sensory articular branches of the hip joint in various hip surgeries. This study aimed to compare SFIB with PENG block in terms of pain relief, opioid consumption and their adverse effects in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasties. (THA).

Methods:
Seventy ASA I/II patients undergoing primary THA were enrolled in this double-blinded, randomized trial. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the two groups: Group P: ultrasound (US)-guided PENG block and Group S: patients received the US-guided SFIB.

Results:
Postoperatively, there was statistically significant difference in numerical rating scale (NRS) scores at all-time intervals. Total morphine consumption in 24 hours and 48 hours was statistically more in SFIB group. Five patients had quadriceps weakness in the SFIB group. There was no difference in any other adverse effects.

Conclusion:
US-guided PENG block significantly reduces perioperative morphine consumption and pain scores in THA patients when compared to SFI block. It is not associated with quadriceps weakness as seen in SFIB.
Ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia plane block for postoperative analgesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nair Abhijit , Dudhedia Ujjwalraj , Rangaiah Manamohan , Borkar Nitin 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia plane block (TFPB) has been used for providing postoperative analgesia after various lower abdominal surgeries like iliac crest bone harvesting, inguinal hernia repair, caesarean section and appendicectomy. After registering the protocol in PROSPERO, various databases like PubMed/Medline, Ovid, CENTRAL and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for randomized controlled trials and observational, comparative studies till October 2022. The risk of bias (RoB-2) scale was used to assess the quality of evidence. The database searched identified 149 articles. Out of these, 8 studies were identified for qualitative analysis and 3 studies were TFPB was compared to control in patients undergoing caesarean section were selected for quantitative analysis. At 12 hours, pain scores were significantly less in TFPB group when compared to control on movement with no heterogeneity. At other times, the pain scores were comparable. 24-hr opioid consumption was significantly less in TFPB group when compared to control with significant heterogeneity. Time to rescue analgesia was significantly less in TFPB group when compared to control with significant heterogeneity. Number of patients requiring rescue analgesia were significantly less in TFPB group when compared to control with no heterogeneity. Postoperative nausea/vomiting (PONV) was significantly less in TFPB group when compared to control with minimal heterogeneity. In conclusion, TFPB is a safe block which provides opioid-sparing postoperative analgesia and a delayed time to rescue analgesia with no significant difference in pain scores and lesser PONV postoperatively when compared to control in patients undergoing caesarean section.
Comparison of Quality of Recovery (QoR-15) following the administration of intravenous lignocaine and fentanyl in patients undergoing septoplasty under general anaesthesia: A double-blinded, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Chhabra Alka , Dave Milan , Jeenger Lalita , Meena Reena , Aggarwal Ila , Partani Seema 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Recovery from surgery and anaesthesia is usually observed through conventional indicators. The Quality of Recovery (QoR-15) score was specially designed to measure psychometric and functional recovery from the patient’s perspective. This study aimed to evaluate QoR-15 following the administration of intravenous (IV) lignocaine or IV fentanyl in patients undergoing septoplasty surgery.

Methods:
This randomised, controlled trial was conducted on 64 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, of either sex, of ages between 18 and 60 years, and who were scheduled for septoplasty. The primary end point was to compare the quality of recovery following the administration of IV lignocaine(group L) and IV fentanyl (group F) using the QoR-15 score in patients undergoing septoplasty. Secondary end points were to compare postoperative analgesia, recovery characteristics, and adverse effects in both groups. Statistical analysis was done using the Shapiro–Wilk test, paired t test/ Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and unpaired t test/Mann–Whitney U test. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
There was a significant improvement in the postoperative QoR-15 score than in the preoperative score in both groups (P < 0.000). However, the postoperative QoR-15 score was significantly higher in group L compared to group F (P < 0.001). Total consumption of analgesic doses were reduced in group L (P=0.000). Time taken to achieve an Aldrete score >9 and gastrointestinal recovery was shorter in group L compared to group F.

Conclusion:
Both IV lignocaine and IV fentanyl improved postoperative QoR-15 score; however, lignocaine had a higher postoperative QoR-15 score than fentanyl, in addition to showing early discharge readiness, better analgesia, and better recovery profile in patients following septoplasty surgery.
Comparison of two ultrasound-guided techniques for radial arterial cannulation in adults – Observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Safiya Sherrin M K , Raphael Paul O , Chacko Lini 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Short axis, out of plane (SAOOP) and long axis, in-plane (LAIP) are two approaches employed under ultrasound-guided radial arterial cannulation. Dynamic needle tip positioning (DNTP) is a recently introduced approach which integrates the features of both.

Methods:
A total of 114 adult patients from American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I-IV were studied in this hospital-based cross-sectional study after getting Institutional Ethical approval, CTRI registration and prior written informed consent. The primary objective was to compare the success rates among LAIP and DNTP techniques. The radial arterial diameter and its depth were correlated to the success rates in both. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0.

Results:
Success rates were similar in both (P value-0.094). Ultrasonographic location time (in seconds) was shorter in DNTP (4.351 ± 0.9727) compared to LAIP (7.140 ± 1.0763) (P value-0.0001). The mean overall diameter and depth of radial artery (in mm) were found to be 2.36 ± 0.02 and 2.51 ± 0.12, respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between cannulation time and diameter was found to be -0.602 (P value-0.0001) and with depth of the radial artery was 0.034 (P value 0.723).

Conclusion:
The success rates were similar in both techniques. Ultrasonographic location time of the radial artery was more in LAIP although cannulation time was similar in both. Cannulation time decreased with an increase in the diameter of radial artery but was unaffected by the depth of the radial artery.
Persisting and New Onset Symptomatology and Determinants of Functional Limitation of Post Acute COVID-19 Syndrome Cases- A Study from a Northern District of Kerala
Authors: Chathoth Anuradha Thalian , Anaswara Naveen , Meethal Arjun Chathoth , Vasudevan Jayasree , Gopal Parvathi V. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
COVID-19 disease has a wide range of persisting and new onset clinical manifestations even long after the acute phase. This study was conducted to identify the persisting and new onset symptomatology of post-COVID-19 syndrome patients from clinics in urban and peri-urban Kozhikode, South India, as well as to grade their functional limitation; assess the determinants and predictors.

Material and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 938 subjects attending the post-COVID clinics. Symptom profile, functional assessment, and limitation grading were done using the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) scale. Statistical analyses were done using the SPSS ver.20.

Results:
Mean age was 41.50 ± 16.90 years. Fever, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, and myalgia were the common acute COVID-19 symptoms (505,54%; 433,46.3%; 420,44.9%; 323,34.4%; 252,26.9%, respectively). Post-COVID-19, common persisting symptoms were myalgia (167,17.8%), fatigue (149,15.9%), dyspnea (113,12%), and headache (85,9.1%); the common new onset symptoms were shortness of breath and fatigue (228,24.3% and 220,23.4%, respectively). A total of 91 cases (9.7%) had post-COVID sleep disturbances; 16 (1.7%) had symptoms of anxiety and depressive thoughts. PCFS grading showed that 552 (63.8%) had negligible limitations (Grade I). Only one person had Grade IV limitation. Significant association (p < 0.05) was found between functional impairment grading by PCFS and age, gender, locality, type of family, duration of hospitalization, duration of unemployment following illness, source of infection, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Male gender, married status, CAD, and smoking had significant higher risks; urban locality and hospitalization decreased the risk.

Conclusions:
SARS-CoV-2 cases have persistent and new onset symptoms and some degree of functional impairment post-COVID. Significant association was identified for various sociodemographic and clinical variables with the PCFS functional impairment grading.
Time Trend and Prevalence Analysis of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among Blood Donors: A Retrospective Study from 2001 to 2016
Authors: Shrivastava Manisha , Mishra Shweta , Navaid Seema 
Published: April 2023

Context:
Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) remain a major threat to the patients receiving blood. The incidence of the transmission of various infectious agents has reduced ever since the introduction of various molecular techniques for detection.

Aims:
The study tried to figure out accurate estimates of risk and trend of TTI over a period of sixteen years, essential for monitoring the safety of blood supply and evaluating the efficacy of the currently employed screening procedures.

Methods and Material:
A total of 57942 blood donors’ records were analyzed for the period from January 2001 to December 2016. Chi-square test (c2) was used to evaluate the relationship between serological positivity and particular donor characteristics. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Of the 57942 donations, overall prevalence of TTI was 2.7%. Of these, the reactivity rate of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and malaria was 1.8%, 0.42%, 0.2%, 0.31%, and 0.017%, respectively with significant P value (P < 0.05, CI: 95%). Overall prevalence was higher in replacement donors as compared to voluntary blood donors. Trend of TTI prevalence decreased from 2001 to 2016.

Conclusions:
This epidemiological research on TTI is important for the region, as estimated disease burden based on comprehensive epidemiological research provides the foundation for public policy to ensure an easily accessible and adequate supply of safe and quality blood and blood components to the needy patients.