bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronic Acid‐Guided Cerasome Nano‐Agents for Simultaneous Imaging and Treatment of Advanced Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ma Qian , Wu Sijing , Yang Ling , Wei Yaohua , He Chaoyong , Wang Wenshan , Zhao Yingxin , Wang Zhijian , Yang Shiwei , Shi Dongmei , Liu Yuyang , Zhou Zhiming , Sun Jiefang , Zhou Yujie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarly noninvasive screening and regression therapy for vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques remain challenging. In this study, it is aimed to develop a new approach for the active targeting of atherosclerotic plaques with nano‐agents to aid imaging and treatment. Biocompatible hyaluronic acid (HA)‐guided cerasomes are generated to selectively target CD44‐positive cells within the plaque in in vitro studies and in vivo testing in Apoe−/− mice. Rosuvastatin (RST) is encapsulated in the HA‐guided cerasome nano‐formulation to produce HA‐CC‐RST, which results in significant plaque regression as compared to treatment with the free drug. Moreover, gadodiamide‐loaded HA‐CC enhances magnetic resonance images of vulnerable plaques, thereby attaining the goal of improved simultaneous treatment and imaging. Transcriptomic analysis confirms plaque regression with HA‐CC–RST treatment, which potentially benefits from the anti‐inflammatory effect of RST. In summary, a safe and efficient nano‐formulation for the targeted delivery of active agents to atherosclerotic plaques is developed and may be applicable to other diagnostic and therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis treatment.
Large Scale Fabrication of Graphene Based Nano‐Electromechanical (NEM) Contact Switches with Sub‐0.5 Volt Actuation
Authors: Kulothungan Jothiramalingam , Kandhasamy Karthi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNano‐electromechanical (NEM) contact switches are extensively studied to suppress the limitations of conventional complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) transistors. The attributes of NEM contact switches includes reduced power consumption, reduced off‐state leakage current, and increased on‐state current and sub‐thermal switching. However, unacceptably high pull‐in voltage and low contact lifetime posed a significant challenge for the use of NEM contact switches in energy efficient CMOS applications. Here, graphene‐based electro‐statically actuated NEM contact switches with ultra‐low pull‐in voltage and significant improvement in the contact lifetime are demonstrated. This is achieved by using the graphene on gold electrode as a contact material. The graphene NEM contact switches with graphene as a contact material exhibit an ultra‐low pull‐in voltage of < 0.5 V and high contact lifetime of more than 1.5× 106cycles. The switches also show an excellent switching performance with high on/off ratio of ≈108, an extremely low off‐state current of ≈100 fA, and small hysteresis window of < 0.1 V.
Association Between HLA–DPB1 and Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis in Children
Authors: Gibson Kristen M. , Drögemöller Britt I. , Foell Dirk , Benseler Susanne M. , Graham Jinko , Hancock Robert E. W. , Luqmani Raashid A. , Cabral David A. , Brown Kelly L. , Ross Colin J. ,   the PedVas Investigator's Network
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare, life‐threatening inflammation of blood vessels that can affect both adults and children. Compared to adult‐onset disease, AAV is especially rare in children, with an annual prevalence of 0.5–6.4 cases per million children. The etiology of AAV remains largely unknown, and both environmental and genetic factors are likely involved. The present study was undertaken to explore the genetic susceptibility factors recently identified in adult patients, including HLA–DP and HLA–DQ, in pediatric patients.MethodsWe performed a genome‐wide association study of pediatric AAV in patients of European ancestry (n = 63 AAV cases, n = 315 population‐matched controls).ResultsWe identified a significant genetic association between pediatric AAV and the HLA–DPB1*04:01 allele (P = 1.5 × 10−8, odds ratio [OR] 3.5), with a stronger association observed in children with proteinase 3–ANCA positivity than in children with myeloperoxidase−ANCA positivity. Among the HLA alleles, the HLA–DPB1*04:01 allele was the most highly associated with AAV, although not significantly, in a follow‐up adult AAV cohort (P = 2.6 × 10−4, OR 0.4). T cell receptor and interferon signaling pathways were also shown to be enriched in the pediatric AAV cohort.ConclusionThe HLA–DPB1 locus showed an association with pediatric AAV, as similarly shown previously in adult AAV. Despite the difference in the age of onset, these findings suggest that childhood‐ and adult‐onset vasculitis share a common genetic predisposition. The identification of genetic variants contributing to AAV is an important step to improved classification tools and treatment strategies.
Protein Profiling in Presymptomatic Individuals Separates Myeloperoxidase–Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody and Proteinase 3–Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Vasculitides
Authors: Brink Mikael , Berglin Ewa , Mohammad Aladdin J. , Lundquist Anders , Gjertsson Inger , Alexeyenko Andrey , Lejon Kristina , Rantapää‐Dahlqvist Solbritt 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) is a chronic relapsing condition with unknown etiology. To gain insight into the molecular processes underlying the disease, we examined biomarkers in blood samples collected prior to symptom onset.MethodsThe National Patient Register and Cause of Death register were searched for AAV‐related International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and Tenth Revision codes and linked to the registers from 5 biobanks. Eighty‐five AAV patients with samples predating symptom onset of AAV were identified. For each case of AAV, 2 matched controls were included. Proteinase 3 (PR3)–ANCA and myeloperoxidase (MPO)–ANCA expression levels were analyzed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Using an Olink Inflammation panel, 73 of 92 proteins were included after quality control. Data were replicated in a second cohort of 48 presymptomatic individuals and 96 controls.ResultsOf the 20 proteins with the lowest P values in the original cohort, 7 were replicated in the second cohort and 5 proteins were found to be significant between the groups in a meta‐analysis. Eleven different pathways were identified in network enrichment analyses and were found to be significant in both cohorts. Stratification of samples obtained ≤5 years before symptom onset showed significant levels of CCL23, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and hepatocyte growth factor, which were also increased at borderline significant levels in the replication cohort (interleukin‐6 was found to be significantly increased in the replication cohort). In presymptomatic AAV patients, 6 proteins were associated with MPO‐ANCA positivity, and 7 proteins were associated with PR3‐ANCA positivity.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to identify protein markers preceding symptom onset in AAV patients. These findings set the stage for further research into the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of AAV and the diversification of patients into PR3‐ANCA+ and MPO‐ANCA+ subphenotypes.image
[13C+D] Double Labeling with Calcium Carbide: Incorporation of Two Labels in One Step
Authors: Gyrdymova Yulia V. , Samoylenko Dmitriy E. , Rodygin Konstantin S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractD‐labeling is a valuable tool in advanced synthetic chemistry and pharmacy. However, D‐incorporation significantly complicates the identification of products. In fact, D labels are invisible in 1H‐NMR spectra and cause undesirable splitting in 13C‐NMR spectra which decreases the detectable limits. At the same time, 2H‐NMR spectra are not effective for precise identification due to low sensitivity and the absence of correlations with 1H atoms. Here, 13C‐label was considered as an accompanying label for D‐label in [13C+D] unit for identification of D‐containing sites and to track D‐labels. [13C+D]‐doubly labeled vinyl derivatives and triazoles were synthesized using 13C‐labeled calcium carbide as a source of 13C‐label and deuterium oxide as a source of D‐label. The reaction occurred in one‐step manner accompanied with in situ doubly labeled acetylene formation. Non‐labeled, mono‐labeled and doubly labeled substrates were isolated in 25–80% yields.
Two‐phase classification: ANN and A‐SVM classifiers on motor imagery BCI
Authors: A Mary Judith , S Baghavathi Priya , Mahendran Rakesh Kumar , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy , Ambati Loknath Sai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBrain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs) based on Electroencephalograms (EEG) monitor mental activity with the ultimate objective of allowing people to communicate with computers only via their thoughts. Users must create precise cerebral activity patterns that the system uses as control signals to do this. A common activity used to elicit such signals is Motor Imagery (MI), in which certain signals are created in the sensorimotor cortex while imagining the movements. The three phases of the traditional EEG–BCI processing pipeline are preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. We provide categorization advances and track performance gains in 4‐class MI‐based BCIs. In this study, 4‐class MI events are produced via an illusory elevation of the left hand, right hand, feet, and tongue. Finally, a two‐phase classification technique is provided with ANN classifiers being used in the first phase to discriminate between different pair‐wise MI tasks. Secondly, an adaptive SVM classifier is used to assess the user's end task based on the weighted outputs of the classifiers. An adaptive classifier is one technique to maintain consistency in performance, reduce training time, and eliminate non‐stationaries, all of which are required for efficient BCI performance. The suggested approach outperformed conventional two‐stage classification algorithms on MI data, according to experimental findings. The average classification accuracy of this technique is 96% for datasets BCI competition IV 2a. This is a 4% improvement over the comparison approach.
Focal adhesion alterations in G0‐positive melanoma cells
Authors: Esimbekova Alexandra R. , Palkina Nadezhda V. , Zinchenko Ivan S. , Belenyuk Vasiliy D. , Savchenko Andrey A. , Sergeeva Ekaterina Yu , Ruksha Tatiana G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMelanoma is a highly heterogeneous malignant tumor that exhibits various forms of drug resistance. Recently, reversal transition of cancer cells to the G0 phase of the cell cycle under the influence of therapeutic drugs has been identified as an event associated with tumor dissemination. In the present study, we investigated the ability of chemotherapeutic agent dacarbazine to induce a transition of melanoma cells to the G0 phase as a mechanism of chemoresistance.MethodsWe used the flow cytometry to analyze cell distribution within cell cycle phases after dacarbazine treatment as well as to identifyG0‐positive cells population. Transcriptome profiling was provided to determine genes associated with dacarbazine resistance. We evaluated the activity of β‐galactosidase in cells treated with dacarbazine by substrate hydrolysis. Cell adhesion strength was measured by centrifugal assay application with subsequent staining of adhesive cells with Ki‐67 monoclonal antibodies. Ability of melanoma cells to metabolize dacarbazine was determined by expressional analysis of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 followed by CYP1A1 protein level evaluation by the ELISA method.ResultsThe present study determined that dacarbazine treatment of melanoma cells could induce an increase in the percentage of cells in G0 phase without alterations of β‐galactosidase positive cells which corresponded to the fraction of the senescent cells. Transcriptomic profiling of cells under dacarbazine induction of G0‐positive cells percentage revealed that ‘VEGFA‐VEGFR2 signaling pathway’ and ‘Cell cycle’ signaling were mostly enriched by dysregulated genes. ‘Focal adhesion’ signaling was also found to be triggered by dacarbazine. In melanoma cells treated with dacarbazine, an increase in G0‐positive cells among adherent cells was found.ConclusionsDacarbazine induces the alteration in a percentage of melanoma cells residing in G0 phase of a cell cycle. The altered adhesive phenotype of cancer cells under transition in the G0 phase may refer to a specific intercellular communication pattern of quiescent/senescent cancer cells.
Diversity in Phytochemical Composition and Medicinal Value of Murraya paniculata
Authors: Rehman Rafia , Anila  , Muzaffar Rabeea , Arshad Fahim , Hussain Riaz , Altaf Ataf Ali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMurraya paniculata is herbal medicinal plant which is traditionally being used for management of cardiovascular, intestinal and respiratory (air way) disorders. This evergreen plant of tropical regions is a member of Rutaceace family. The goal of this review is to analyze and report the biological activities and active phytochemicals reported from Murraya paniculata (M. paniculata) extracts and essential oil. The data was searched using different search engines and using specific key words including M. paniculata, herbal medicine, phytochemicals, extract, essential oil, pharmacological activities. M. paniculata has been found to have wide range of pharmacological activities, including antinociceptive, antianxiety, antioxidant, antidepressant, antibacterial, analgesic and anti‐diabetic properties. A diverse range of phytochemicals, including phenols, coumarins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids have been isolated from various portions of the plant and tested for a variety of biological activities. This review will provide more information and stimulate additional research to develop more effective and cost‐efficient alternative medicine from this plant.
Co‐Cultivation of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei Enables Efficient Production of Enzymes for the Hydrolysis of Wheat Bran
Authors: Mittermeier Fabian , Hafner Nathalie , XypoliaVasila Konstantina , Weuster‐Botz Dirk 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAgro‐residues like wheat bran may be a useful carbon source for fermentation processes. However, due to their composition, hydrolysis appears complex. A co‐cultivation process was established with the two fungi A. niger and T. reesei for the production of an adapted mixture of enzymes for hydrolysis. This enzyme solution reached a higher space‐time yield of sugars during the hydrolysis of wheat bran compared to enzymes from respective monocultures, demonstrating the potential of this co‐culture for the production of complementary enzyme mixtures for the hydrolysis of wheat bran.
Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signalling: targeted therapy in neurogenic tumours
Authors: Li Yuehua , Wei Chengjiang , Wang Wei , Li Qingfeng , Wang Zhi‐Chao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), a transmembrane receptor protein, has been found to play a pivotal role in neural development. This protein is encoded by the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (NTRK2) gene, and its abnormal activation caused by NTRK2 overexpression or fusion can contribute to tumour initiation, progression, and resistance to therapeutics in multiple types of neurogenic tumours. Targeted therapies for this mechanism have been designed and developed in preclinical and clinical studies, including selective TrkB inhibitors and pan‐TRK inhibitors. This review describes the gene structure, biological function, abnormal TrkB activation mechanism, and current‐related targeted therapies in neurogenic tumours.
Children and caregiver proxy quality of life from peanut oral immunotherapy trials
Authors: Galvin Audrey Dunn , Vereda Andrea , Rodríguez del Río Pablo , Muraro Antonella , Jones Carla , Ryan Robert , Norval David , Jobrack Jennifer , Anagnostou Aikaterini , Wang Julie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealth‐related quality of life (HRQoL) is significantly and substantially reduced in individuals with peanut allergy due to many factors associated with unanticipated or potentially fatal reactions. Further insight on the impact of peanut oral immunotherapy in managing peanut allergy on HRQoL is needed. The aim of this analysis was to assess effects of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder‐dnfp (PTAH), a biologic drug for peanut oral immunotherapy, on HRQoL from three phase 3 and two follow‐on trials of PTAH.MethodsHRQoL assessments from participants aged 4–17 in the PALISADE (ARC003), ARC004 (PALISADE follow‐on), ARTEMIS (ARC010), RAMSES (ARC007), and ARC011 (RAMSES follow‐on) trials were included in this analysis. Responses on the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire (FAQLQ) and Food Allergy Independent Measure (FAIM) were evaluated by age group and respondent (self or caregiver proxy). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Student t tests.ResultsBaseline FAQLQ and FAIM total scores appeared comparable between PTAH‐ and placebo‐treated participants. Self and caregiver proxy‐reported total scores on the FAQLQ for PTAH‐treated participants generally improved at trial exit versus baseline; FAIM total scores improved throughout all trials. The tendency for improvement in FAQLQ total scores from baseline for PTAH appeared larger in self versus caregiver proxy‐reports. Between treatment groups, PTAH was generally favored in the PALISADE and ARTEMIS trials; differences varied in the RAMSES trial based on age and respondent types.ConclusionsPTAH for the management of peanut allergy in children appeared to have a beneficial effect on HRQoL in trials. Improvements were seen despite rigors of trial participation.
Syntheses of Specifically 15N‐Labeled Adenosine and Guanosine
Authors: Jones Roger A. , Gaffney Barbara L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article describes the specific incorporation of 15N into the N7 and amino positions of adenosine (Basic Protocol 1), and conversion of the adenosine to guanosine labeled at the N1, N7, and amino positions (Basic Protocol 2). Two variations of the procedures are also presented that include either 12C or 13C at the C8 position of adenosine, and 13C at either the C8 or C2 position of guanosine. These 13C tags permit the incorporation of two 15N‐labeled nucleosides into an RNA strand while ensuring that their nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals can be distinguished from each other by the presence or absence of C‐N coupling. While the major application of these specifically 15N‐labeled nucleosides is NMR, the additional mass makes them useful in mass spectrometry (MS) as well. The procedures can also be adapted to synthesize the labeled deoxynucleosides. The Support Protocol describes the synthesis of 7‐methylguanosine. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Syntheses of [7,NH2‐15N2]‐ and [8‐13C‐7,NH2‐15N2]adenosineSupport Protocol: Synthesis of 7‐methylguanosineBasic Protocol 2: Synthesis of [2‐13C‐1,7,NH2‐15N3]‐ and [8‐13C‐1,7,NH2‐15N3]guanosine
Lithium Difluorophosphate: A Boon for High Voltage Li Ion Batteries and a Bane for High Thermal Stability/Low Toxicity: Towards Synergistic Dual Additives to Circumvent this Dilemma
Authors: Kubot Maximilian , Frankenstein Lars , Muschiol Elisabeth , Klein Sven , Esselen Melanie , Winter Martin , Nowak Sascha , Kasnatscheew Johannes 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe specific energy/energy density of state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) Li‐ion batteries can be increased by raising the upper charge voltage. However, instability of SOTA cathodes (i. e., LiNiyCoxMnyO2; x+y+z=1; NCM) triggers electrode crosstalk through enhanced transition metal (TM) dissolution and contributes to severe capacity fade; in the worst case, to a sudden death (“roll‐over failure”). Lithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP) as electrolyte additive is able to boost high voltage performance by scavenging dissolved TMs. However, LiDFP is chemically unstable and rapidly decomposes to toxic (oligo)organofluorophosphates (OFPs) at elevated temperatures; a process that can be precisely analyzed by means of high‐performance liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectroscopy. The toxicity of LiDFP can be proven by the well‐known acetylcholinesterase inhibition test. Interestingly, although fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is inappropriate for high voltage applications as a single electrolyte additive due to rollover failure, it is able to suppress formation of toxic OFPs. Based on this, a synergistic LiDFP/FEC dual‐additive approach is suggested in this work, showing characteristic benefits of both individual additives (good capacity retention at high voltage in the presence of LiDFP and decreased OFP formation/toxicity induced by FEC).
Multiple metastases of clear cell sarcoma at diagnosis presented in bone marrow aspirate: A case report
Authors: Li Jianlan , Jin Qianni , Shang Yangwei , Yu Peixia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClear cell sarcoma (CCS) is a rare and aggressive soft‐tissue sarcoma that arises most commonly in adolescents and young adults of both sexes. CCS presents a diagnostic challenge due to its morphological and immunohistochemical similarity to malignant melanoma. We present a rare and severe case of CCS simultaneously with multiple bone and lymph node metastases at the time of initial diagnosis in a previously healthy 15‐year‐old Chinese man. Detailed information on clinical manifestations, laboratory profiles, histopathological findings and poor outcome were described. The cytomorphology of bone marrow aspirate in CCS in Wright–Giemsa staining smear was first depicted in this case. The diagnostic difficulties of the rare case was also discussed.
Hydrogen‐Deuterium Isotope Exchange of Methane via Non‐redox Palladium Catalysis
Authors: Kim Sungah , Ho Lee Joo , Jarusiewicz Jamie , Wang Jen‐Chieh , Woon Jung Kyung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnder mild conditions, Pd(II) catalysts coordinated to tridentate NHC‐amidate‐ether ligand successfully activated the carbon‐hydrogen bond to facilitate the hydrogen/deuterium isotope exchange on methane. The structural features and catalytic behavior suggested an intriguing non‐redox catalytic system derived from the amidate nitrogen. As the amidate nitrogen acts as an internal base, the metal center was able to maintain the oxidation state throughout the reaction. Accordingly, the catalytic system demonstrated its reactivity and stability during the H/D exchange on methane resulting in a high degree of deuterium conversions (44 %) and turnover number (346) under low temperature conditions.
Quantifying Vertical Resonance Energy in Aromatic Systems with Natural Bond Orbitals
Authors: Parmar Karnjit , Gravel Michel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNatural bond orbitals (NBOs) provide the familiar Lewis type (2c–2e−) localized description of a molecule. Interactions between nearly filled (2e− π or σ) orbitals and empty (π* or σ*) anti‐bonding orbitals represent delocalization in the system and creates a framework to study stereoelectronic interactions. Here we show that deleting the interactions (NBODel) between π and π* orbitals in aromatic systems and acquiring the energy with the NBO program provides a highly intuitive and quantitative picture of π‐aromaticity that correlates with the well‐established nucleus‐independent chemical shift (NICS) method. This natural bond orbital resonance energy (NBO‐RE) measures the vertical resonance energy (VRE) of aromatic systems without the use of an external reference structure. The NBO‐RE method is applicable to the study of local aromaticity in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other non‐planar systems.