bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modelling and Bioinformatics Analyses of Drug Resistance
for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Li Lingling , Zhao Ting , Hu Yulu , Ren Shanjing , Tian Tianhai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Cancer is a leading cause of human death worldwide. Drug resistance, mainly caused by gene
mutation, is a key obstacle to tumour treatment. Therefore, studying the mechanisms of drug resistance
in cancer is extremely valuable for clinical applications.

:
This paper aims to review bioinformatics approaches and mathematical models for determining the evolutionary
mechanisms of drug resistance and investigating their functions in designing therapy schemes
for cancer diseases. We focus on the models with drug resistance based on genetic mutations for cancer
therapy and bioinformatics approaches to study drug resistance involving gene co-expression networks
and machine learning algorithms.

:
We first review mathematical models with single-drug resistance and multidrug resistance. The resistance
probability of a drug is different from the order of drug administration in a multidrug resistance
model. Then, we discuss bioinformatics methods and machine learning algorithms that are designed to
develop gene co-expression networks and explore the functions of gene mutations in drug resistance using
multi-omics datasets of cancer cells, which can be used to predict individual drug response and
prognostic biomarkers.

:
It was found that the resistance probability and expected number of drug-resistant tumour cells increase
with the increase in the net reproductive rate of resistant tumour cells. Constrained models, such as logistical
growth resistance models, can be used to identify more clinically realistic treatment strategies
for cancer therapy. In addition, bioinformatics methods and machine learning algorithms can also lead
to the development of effective therapy schemes.
Neural Stem Cell-based Regenerative Therapy: A New Approach to Diabetes
Treatment
Authors: Sharma Kajal , Puranik Nidhi , Yadav Dhananjay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disorder that occurs due to the loss, or impaired function of insulin‐secreting pancreatic beta cells, which are of two types - type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D). To cure DM, the replacement of the destroyed pancreatic beta cells of islet of Langerhans is the most widely practiced treatment. For this, isolating neuronal stem cells and cultivating them as a source of renewable beta cells is a significant breakthrough in medicine. The functions, growth, and gene expression of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells and neurons are very similar in many ways. A diabetic patient's neural stem cells (obtained from the hippocampus and olfactory bulb) can be used as a replacement source of beta cells for regenerative therapy to treat diabetes. The same protocol used to create functional neurons from progenitor cells can be used to create beta cells. Recent research suggests that replacing lost pancreatic beta cells with au-tologous transplantation of insulin-producing neural progenitor cells may be a perfect therapeutic strategy for diabetes, allowing for a safe and normal restoration of function and a reduction in po-tential risks and a long-term cure.
Willingness to Pay for Autonomous Vehicles before and after Crashes: A Demographic Analysis for US Residents
Authors: Othman Kareem 
Published: May 2023

Background:
It is anticipated that autonomous vehicles (AVs) can achieve many benefits, such as improving traffic safety and increasing mobility of people with limited modes of transportation. However, the public attitude remains the controlling factor determining the degree to which AVs can achieve these benefits. While it is expected that the public acceptance of AVs would increase over time due to the increase in the level of awareness and knowledge about this new technology, previous surveys show that people become more pessimistic towards AVs over time. While this pattern has never been investigated, some studies link this negative shift in the attitude to AVs accidents.

Objective:
This study focuses exclusively on understanding the impact of AV crashes on the willingness to pay extra to buy an AV for people from the US. In addition, the analysis focuses on evaluating changes in the willingness to pay for AVs before and after crashes for people with different demographics in order to understand how the different groups react to these accidents.

Methods:
A questionnaire survey was designed and conducted between February and September of 2022 and a total of 2,144 responses were received and analyzed to understand the impact of these crashes on respondents with different demographic properties (age, gender, household income, educational level, prior knowledge about AVs, and prior knowledge about AV crashes). In addition, hypothesis testing was utilized in order to evaluate whether the changes in the willingness to pay extra for AVs after introducing the accidents are significantly different from the willingness to pay for AVs before introducing the accidents.

Results:
The results show that the willingness to pay extra to buy an AV decreased by 29% after the crashes were introduced to the respondents, while the decline in the willingness to pay extras varies across the different demographic groups investigated.

Conclusion:

The results show the significant negative impact of AV crashes on the public attitude as the average willingness to pay extra for AVs decreased from 8,412 USD before the crashes to 6,007 USD after the crashes. In addition, the results show that the decrease in the willingness to pay for AVs is statistically significant for different demographic groups.
Nagarmotha: A Useful Medicinal Plant and its Synergistic Ophthalmic
Formulations
Authors: Zubair Ashfa , Akhtar Juber , Pooja  , Badruddeen  , Khan Mohammad Irfan , Ahmad Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The basic objective of this review is to furnish extensive confirmation on the bioactive
chemical compounds and pharmacological aspects of Nagarmotha, i.e., Cyperus scariosus of the family
Cyperaceae and some others plants used to treat various diseases of eyes as mentioned in Ayurveda,
Charaka Samhita, and Sushrut Samhita. Nagarmotha showed an extensive ethnomedicinal record and
constituted a phytonutrient pool of heuristic medicinal value. Various observations on pharmacological
affirmation have illustrated the potential of plants as antioxidant, hypotensive, stimulant of the central
nervous system, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, analgesic, ophthalmic, anti-inflammatory, astringent,
and antimicrobial actions which aid its conventional benefits. Nagarmotha remained to be an important
part of various prescriptions used in nearly all indigenous systems of medicines to cure a variety
of ailments. Various investigations on bioactive chemical compounds revealed that Cyperus scariosus
has countless essential components like essential oils, terpenoids, sesquiterpenes, hydrocarbons,
steroidal saponins, ketones, cyperene, cyperol, cyprotene, flavonoids, and various polyphenolic compounds.
In the present work, more emphasis is on the bioactive chemical compounds, enlistment of bioactive
chemical compounds responsible for therapeutic values, conventional benefits, and their detailed
reported pharmacological properties. Some of the available marketed ayurvedic preparations
were also mentioned in this review. Overall, researchers may get assisted and synchronized for impending
potency, profitability, and effectiveness of Nagarmotha especially, and other medicinal plants
generally. The demand for herbal products is expanding immensely all around the world and several
biopharmaceutical regions are nowadays managing substantial research on herbal materials for their
promising medicative value. Further curative usefulness of various phytochemicals obtained from
Cyperus scariosus may be validated and corroborated.
BER Performance of Co-operative Relay NOMA-assisted PS Protocol with
Imperfect SIC and CSI
Authors: Khennoufa Faical , Abdellatif Khelil 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
Wireless networks and devices are consuming a significant amount of energy as
wireless communication is rapidly expanding, radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting has been envisioned
as a feasible technology for powering low-power wireless systems.

Aims:
This paper investigates a bit error rate (BER) of the non-orthogonal multiple access with cooperative
relay-assisted power splitting (CR-NOMA-PS) based energy harvesting (EH).

Methods:
We consider that the relay works in the decode and forward (DF) mode. For more practical
scenarios, we consider the imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) and channel state information
(CSI) are available.

Results:
We obtain the end-to-end (e2e) BER expressions for the CR-NOMA-PS with imperfect CSI.
Under different scenarios of PS, we evaluate and discuss the BER performance of the users with imperfect
SIC and CSI. We validate the derivation of the BER expressions by simulation results.

Conclusion:
The results indicated that the high values of the PS factor reduce the users' performance.
Furthermore, in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the CSI error degrade BER performance and
produced an error floor.
Observed Interactions, Challenges, and Opportunities in Student-Led, Web-Based Near-Peer Teaching for Medical Students: Interview Study Among Peer Learners and Peer Teachers
Authors: Chan Evelyn Hui Yi , Chan Vernice Hui Yan , Roed Jannie , Chen Julie Yun 
Published: May 2023

Background
Near-peer teaching (NPT) is becoming an increasingly popular pedagogical tool in health professions education. Despite the shift in formal medical education from face-to-face teaching toward encompassing web-based learning activities, NPT has not experienced a similar transition. Apart from the few reports on NPT programs hastily converted to web-based learning in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, no studies to date have explored web-based learning in the specific context of NPT.

Objective
This qualitative study examined the nature of interactions among peer learners (PLs), peer teachers (PTs), and the learning content in a student-led, web-based NPT program for medical students.

Methods
A 5-month-long voluntary NPT program to support first- and second-year medical students’ biomedical science learning in the undergraduate medical curriculum was designed by 2 senior-year medical students and delivered by 25 PTs with 84 PLs participating. In total, 9 PLs and 3 PTs underwent individual semistructured interviews at the end of the program to explore general NPT experience, reasons for joining NPT, the effectiveness of NPT, the demand and importance of NPT, and the feasibility of incorporating NPT in the formal curriculum. Interview transcripts were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results
The first general theme focused on the nature of student-student, student-teacher, and student-content interactions. Although PLs were engaged in web-based NPT, there was minimal interaction between students, as most PLs preferred to learn passively and remain anonymous. PLs believed the web-based NPT learning process to be a unidirectional transmission of knowledge from teacher to learner, with the teacher responsible for driving the interactions. This was in sharp contrast to PTs’ expectation that both parties shared responsibility for learning in a collaborative effort. The second general theme identified the advantages and disadvantages of delivering NPT on a web platform, which were mainly convenience and teaching skills development and poor interactivity, respectively.

Conclusions
Student-led, web-based NPT offers a flexible and comfortable means of delivering academic and nonacademic guidance to medical students. However, the web-based mode of delivery presents unique challenges in facilitating meaningful interactions among PLs, PTs, and subject content. A blended learning approach may be best suited for this form of student-led NPT program to optimize its efficacy.
The Effect of Catgut Embedding at Acupoints Versus Nonacupoints in Abdominal Obesity: Protocol for a Multicenter, Double-Blind, 16-Week Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Qifu , Huang Gaoyangzi , Pei Xianmei , Tang Xin , Zhang Renrui , Huang Ya , Liu Zili , Yi Rong , Xing Chonghui , Zhang Xinghe , Guo Taipin 
Published: May 2023

Background
Obesity is an increasing problem worldwide. The effective treatments for obesity mainly include diet, physical activity, behavioral intervention, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery, which all have certain limitations. As a specific type of acupuncture therapy, acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) has gained substantial attention in the management of obesity in recent years. Previous studies suggested that ACE may be an effective obesity treatment. However, the evidence for the efficacy of ACE in abdominal obesity (AO) remains inadequate due to the paucity of high-quality studies.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the difference in the effectiveness of catgut embedding at acupoints and catgut embedding at nonacupoints in patients with AO and to further validate the efficacy and safety of ACE for AO.

Methods
This is a multicenter, double-blind, 16-week randomized controlled trial. A total of 92 eligible participants with AO will be randomly divided into 2 groups (1:1 allocation ratio). The ACE group will receive catgut embedding at acupoints and the control group will receive catgut embedding at nonacupoints. The intervention will be performed every 2 weeks for a total of 6 sessions. Follow-up will be performed every 2 weeks for a total of 2 visits. The primary outcome is waist circumference. Secondary outcomes include body weight, BMI, hip circumference, and the visual analog scale of appetite. Upon the completion of the trial, we will evaluate the effect of catgut embedding at acupoints or nonacupoints on obesity indicators in patients with AO. For treatment outcomes, an intention-to-treat analysis will be performed.

Results
The start of recruitment began in August 2019 and is expected to end in September 2023.

Conclusions
Although studies have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of ACE in the treatment of obesity, the evidence for the efficacy of ACE in AO remains insufficient due to the quality of the studies. This rigorous normative randomized controlled trial will verify the effect of catgut embedding at acupoints or nonacupoints in patients with AO. The findings will provide credible evidence as to whether ACE is an effective and safe treatment for AO.

Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1800016947; https://tinyurl.com/2p82257p

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/46863
ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY AND MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE TO MICROBIAL ISOLATES FROM FOMITES OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT HOLLY MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, OCHADAMU, NIGERIA
Authors: Lamidi Yusuf , Iko-Ojo Ameh Rufus 
Published: May 2023

Aim and objective: Microbial contamination of some fomites were screened for, in which over 100 samples were collected from table, mobile phone and biro pen from Holley Memorial Hospital Ochadamu, Kogi State, Nigeria.
Methods: Using standard techniques, the samples were collected using a sterile swab stick dipped in normal saline and aseptically swabbing the surface of the fomites. The organisms; Staphylococcus aureus(40%), Escherichia coli (15%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5%), Bacillus cereus (10%), Proteus mirabilis (5%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae(20%) were isolated and identified using both morphological and biochemical techniques. The antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out using disc diffusion method.
Results: this finding revealed that all the organisms were sensitive to tarivid but were resistant to septrin with varied zones of inhibition. However, the highest inhibition zone was recorded for perfloxacin (30.00 mm) on Klebsiella pneumoniae. All the isolates showed varying multidrug resistant pattern to the antibiotics used.
Conclusion: The understudied fomites are cheap source of nosocomial infections and also showed varying degree of multidrug resistant pattern.

Peer Review History:
Received: 11 February 2023; Revised: 12 March; Accepted: 27 April 2023, Available online: 15 May 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Pharmacy institute, University of Basrah, Iraq, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye
Dr. Ogbonna B. Onyebuchi, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria, summitpharm@yahoo.com
PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES, MALNUTRITION, ANEMIA AND THEIR RISK FACTORS AMONG ORPHANED CHILDREN IN SANA'A CITY, YEMEN
Authors: Al-Halani Ali Ahmed , Edrees Wadhah Hassan , Alrahabi Lutf Mohammed , Thabit Jameela Mohemmed , Al-Bahloul Sawsan Muktar , Alwashali Fatima Ali , Al-Qhali Raghda Mohammed , Morshed Maria Mohammed , AlـHossainy Anood Sultan , Al-Maflhi Eman Abdulnaser , Al-Sufi Nahed Hussein 
Published: May 2023

Background: Intestinal parasites infection, malnutrition, and anemia are endemic among children living inpoor and developing low-income countries, particularly Yemen.
Aims: The current study aims to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites, malnutrition, and anemia and their risk factors among orphaned children in Sana'a city, Yemen.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the orphanage between September 2020 and November 2023. One hundred and ninety-five (195) stool and blood samples were collected from orphan children aged 7-15 years. Intestinal parasites were examined using the formal ether concentration technique and hemoglobin was assessed using a Sysmex hematology analyzer.
Result: Out of 195 specimens, 77(39.49%) were positive for parasite infection. The high rate of infections was among subjects aged between 10-12 years (43.9%), at primary schools (42.9%), didn’t have a history of parasite infection (48.9%), between 102-118 cms in height (48.6%), 11-30 kg in weight (49.4%), and underweight (40.1%) non-statistical differences (P > 0.05). The most predominant parasite was Entamoeba histolytica (17.4%), followed by Giardia lamblia (10.3%), Hymenolepis nana (6.2%), Ascaris lumbricoides (3.6%), and Enterobius vermicularis (3.6%). The prevalence of anemia was 19% and statistically significant with parasitic infection (P = 0.000) but not significantly to risk factors (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of intestinal parasites, anemia and malnutrition among the participating children, and this affects their health and life. Therefore, the implementation of control and prevention programs including improvement of health status, regular deworming practices with medication, health education, provision of appropriate food, and iron supplementation is required to reduce the incidence of malnutrition and anemia associated with intestinal parasitic infection.

Peer Review History:
Received: 20 February 2023; Revised: 16 March; Accepted: 18 April 2023, Available online: 15 May 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, olorunsolaeo@yahoo.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com
Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye
SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TELMISARTAN AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS BY RATIO SPECTRA DERIVATIVE METHOD
Authors: AKTAŞ A. Hakan , SARI Hülya 
Published: May 2023

Background: As it is known, antihypertensive drugs are frequently used for the treatment of individuals with high blood pressure all over the world. This study aims is to precisely determine the active substances of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide, which are commercially sold as high blood pressure drugs in the market, and to use the ratio spectrum method for this purpose.
Method: All, solutions of the active ingredients of the drugs studied in the method were prepared in various concentrations. Subsequently, mixtures were prepared in accordance with the commercial drug sample, their spectra were taken by spectrophotometric method, and the spectrum ratio method was successfully applied to these data sets.
Results: The study revealed that the application of the ratio spectra first-order derivative spectrophotometric method yielded highly reliable outcomes in the spectrophotometric analysis of different combinations of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide.
Conclusion: The applied method can be used in the field of drug development.

Peer Review History:
Received: 25 February 2023; Revised: 8 March; Accepted: 13 April 2023, Available online: 15 May 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. Sally A. El-Zahaby, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt, sally.elzahaby@yahoo.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Prof. Cyprian Ogbonna ONYEJI, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, conyeji@oauife.edu.ng
Dr. Wafa Mohamed Al Madhagi, Sana’a University, Yemen, walmadhaji1983@gmail.com
SEROPREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND HEPATITIS A VIRUS AMONG ORPHANAGE CHILDREN IN SANA’A, YEMEN
Authors: Edrees Wadhah Hassan , Al-Aomary Nasser Mohammad , Alrahabi Lutf Mohammed , Thabit Jameela Mohemmed , Ali Hamzah Muhammed , Saran Aseel Qasim , Saleh Abdullah Abdul Karim , Al-shaouri Eyad Mohammed , Al-Nahdi Mohammed Taleb , Dibwan Fadel Ahmed 
Published: May 2023

Background: The epidemiological association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been evaluated by different groups with conflicting conclusions.
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis A virus and H. pylori infection among children of an orphanage in Sana'a, and to identify the socio-demographic factors associated with their prevalence, both individually and simultaneously.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out among 200 orphaned children who lived at Ahmed's orphanage in Sana’a City, Yemen during the period from October 2022 to February 2023. The stool and blood specimens were collected and the required data were filled in pretested questionnaire. By using the immunochromatographic assay technique, the seropositivity of the HAV antibody was screened in blood plasma while the H. pylori antigen was detected in stool. The obtained results were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: Out of 200 participants; 2(1%) were positive for anti-HAV and 63(31.5%) for H. pylori antigen. The HAV and H. pylori infections, respectively, were significantly higher in the group aged 10-12 and 13-15 years, attending a primary and preparatory school, living with 3-5 individuals/room, their family infected with hepatitis A and H. pylori, and received a blood transfusion. The high risk of hepatitis A infection was in children who their family was infected by HAV and received a blood transfusion while H. pylori was in subjects who had a history of hospitalizations and whose family infected by H. pylori.
Conclusion: The high number of children suffering from both H. pylori and HAV antibodies among orphans in Sana'a indicates a high prevalence rate in the community. It is possible that this high prevalence reflects a prevalence specific to this group or age, and this connection is real.

Peer Review History:
Received: 26 February 2023; Revised: 11 March; Accepted: 17 April 2023, Available online: 15 May 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, AIMST University, Malaysia, drmmziqbal@gmail.com
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com
Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye