bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An assessment of Individual, community and state-level factors associated with inadequate iodised salt consumption among pregnant and lactating women in Nigeria
Authors: Kareem Yusuf Olushola , Ameyaw Edward K. , Mensima Efua , Adegboye Oyelola A , Yaya Sanni 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of thyroid disease, and in its severe form can result in cretinism; the impairment of the brain development of a child. Pregnant and breastfeeding women daily iodine requirement is elevated due to physiological changes in iodine metabolism, requiring up to double the iodine intake of other women. Despite the introduction of salt iodisation in many countries to control iodine deficiency disorders, adverse effects of inadequate iodine intake continue to be a problem.Methods This study utilised the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey to assess factors associated with inadequate iodised salt consumption among pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers in Nigeria. The descriptive analysis was presented using frequencies and percentages. The prevalence of adequate and inadequate iodised salt consumption with their 95% confidence interval were computed. Several multi-level mixed effect log-binomial logistic regressions was used to explore the factors associated with inadequate iodised salt consumption. The Loglikelihood, Akaike Information Criterion and Bayesian Information Criterion were used to assess the goodness of fit of the models. All analyses were adjusted for the complex survey design and analysed using Stata 15.0 at p < 0.05.Results Our findings revealed that pregnant and breastfeeding women living in most deprived communities, with no formal education, poor wealth status, and those residing in the North West and South West region were more likely to consume salt with inadequate iodine.Conclusions There is a need to enhance women’s economic opportunities and empowerment as well as sensitisation on their nutritional requirements during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
ChatGPT for Arabic-English Translation: Evaluating the Accuracy
Authors: Khoshafah Faten 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cross-cultural communication has become more accessible with the advent of ChatGPT as a translator for multiple language pairings, including English and Arabic. However, the accuracy of ChatGPT's translation needs to be evaluated due to limitations in its understanding of domain-specific terminology and cultural context. This article aims to evaluate the translation accuracy of ChatGPT 3.5 by comparing its outputs with professional translations of various text genres, such as historical, literary, media, legal, and scientific. The results indicate that ChatGPT can be used as a translator for simple content, though it struggles with complexities that require human intervention. Despite ChatGPT generally providing accurate translations, its limitations make it unsuitable for some texts, such as legal documents, medical reports, scientific studies, and literary works. Therefore, users should be cautious while using ChatGPT for such texts, and human intervention is required to ensure accuracy. The article further offers recommendations for students and translators who frequently use ChatGPT as a translator. Overall, ChatGPT is a valuable tool for cross-cultural communication, but its limitations should be kept in mind while using it as a translator.
PCSK9 Inhibition in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Delialis Dimitrios , Dimopoulou Maria-Angeliki , Papaioannou Maria , Kotsira Georgia , Maneta Eleni , Mavraganis Georgios , Loutos Christos , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Stamatelopoulos Kimon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) represent a novel class of hypolipidemic
drugs, providing an additional therapeutic option over conventional hypolipidemic treatments. Given
the constantly lowering recommended LDL-C goals, low goal achievement rate and low compliance with
treatment, new hypolipidemic drug classes may substantially contribute to residual risk reduction for atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review aims to summarize contemporary evidence on the clinical
role of PCSK9i in ASCVD prevention. PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for keywords in
studies on PCSK9i and ASCVD. Approved PCSK9i are the monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), evolocumab and
alirocumab, targeting PCSK9, and inclisiran, a small interfering RNA inhibiting PSCK9 synthesis. Overall,
PCSK9i effectively reduced LDL-C and other atherogenic lipoproteins, including apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein(
a) primarily. PSCK9i Mabs improved imaging markers reflecting coronary atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability
and reduced ASCVD events in high-risk patients after short-term treatment ( < 3 years follow-up). They
are currently indicated as a third-line treatment for secondary prevention and primary prevention in patients
with familial hypercholesterolemia at high risk of not achieving their LDL-C goals. Patients with higher baseline
ASCVD risk receive greater benefits from PCSK9i. Recent evidence suggests that evolocumab was effective
and safe after long-term treatment. Ongoing trials investigate new therapeutic indications for PCSK9i while
their cost-effectiveness is still being considered. PCSK9i is a novel hypolipidemic drug class currently indicated
for reducing residual risk in secondary ASCVD prevention and high-risk patients.
Advances in the Therapeutic Potential of Inhibitors Targeting Glycogen
Synthase Kinase 3 in Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Zhu Yifan , Wang Hui , Guo Yueyue , Cao Jie , Li Huanqiu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is one of the important serine/threonine protein kinases
and has two isoforms, namely, GSK3α and GSK3β. GSK3 inhibits glycogen synthase activity
through phosphorylation. It plays a key role in various pathophysiological processes, such as differentiation,
immunity, metabolism, cell death, and cell survival. Therefore, GSK3 has evolved as an
important therapeutic target for treating neurological diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. In
addition, GSK3 regulates inflammatory processes through NF-κB-induced expression of various
cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. Moreover,
GSK3 is reported to participate in many signaling pathways related to disease pathology, including
PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Hedgehog, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and
transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). GSK3 has become a therapeutic target against some inflammatory
diseases, including the inclusion body myositis, sepsis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Hence, several GSK3 inhibitors have been under evaluation as new therapeutic strategies in recent
years. Two drugs targeting GSK3 have already entered clinical studies, including tideglusib and lithium
carbonate. In this study, we analyzed nearly 30 different small-molecule GSK3 inhibitors reported
in the past 4 years and classified them into four categories (thiazole, pyridine, F-substituted
benzene, and others) according to their structure to conduct further literature research. Moreover, we
summarized the optimal compounds and described the process of transformation from the lead compound
to the optimal compound. In addition, we aimed to summarize the role of GSK3 in the pathogenesis
of inflammatory diseases, with insights into the recent progress in the discovery of GSK3
inhibitors.
Herbal Therapies for Weight Gain and Metabolic Abnormalities Induced
by Atypical Antipsychotics: A Review Article
Authors: Naghibi Hamideh , Salari Roshanak , Yousefi Mahdi , Khadem-Rezaiyan Majid , Ghanbarzadeh Mohammad Reza , Fayyazi Bordbar Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Psychosis is a state of mind that makes it difficult to determine what is real and what is not.
Psychosis can have serious negative effects. Like many psychiatric phenomena, psychosis has a variety
of causes, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression. Antipsychotic medications,
psychotherapy, and social support are the most common treatments. Antipsychotic drugs reduce
the symptoms of psychosis by changing brain chemistry. Based on the mechanism of action,
antipsychotics have two groups, typical and atypical. Most people who take antipsychotics experience
side effects. People taking typical antipsychotics tend to have higher rates of extrapyramidal side effects,
but some atypical drugs, especially olanzapine, are associated with the risk of significant weight
gain, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, which, in turn, increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease and premature death. Physical exercise, diet regimen, psychoeducation, monotherapy, or
switching to an alternative antipsychotic are strategies to correct metabolic aberrates in atypical antipsychotic
users. In light of several successful studies on the use of medicinal plants to control metabolic
syndrome, this article briefly reviews the studies on some herbal medications for the management
of metabolic disorders associated with atypical antipsychotics and discusses probable mechanisms.
Therefore, we searched the Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases for
works published before July, 2022, on the effect of herbal medications on antipsychotic-related metabolic
abnormalities in animals or humans. We recommend that some herbal medicines may be efficient
for regulating the metabolic changes related to atypical antipsychotics due to their multipotential
action, and more efforts should be made to make herbal drug treatments more effective. We hope this
review will be a reference for research on developing herbal therapeutics for metabolic alterations in
antipsychotic customers.
Lipidomics and Metabolomics in Infant Atopic Dermatitis: What’s the
Correlation with Early Nutrition?
Authors: Dessì Angelica , Di Maria Camilla , Pintus Roberta , Fanos Vassilios , Bosco Alice 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
To date, the complex picture of atopic dermatitis (AD) has not yet been fully clarified,
despite the important prevalence of this disease in the pediatric population (20%) and the possibility
of persistence into adulthood, with important implications for the quality of life of those affected, as
well as significant social and financial costs. The most recent scientific evidence suggests a new interpretation
of AD, highlighting the important role of the environment, particularly that of nutrition
in the early stages of development. In fact, the new indications seem to point out the harmful effect
of elimination diets, except in rare cases, the uselessness of chrono-insertions during complementary
feeding and some benefits, albeit weak, of breastfeeding in those at greater risk.

:
In this context, metabolomics and lipidomics can be necessary for a more in-depth knowledge of the
complex metabolic network underlying this pathology. In fact, an alteration of the metabolic contents
in children with AD has been highlighted, especially in correlation to the intestinal microbiota.
While preliminary lipidomic studies showed the usefulness of a more in-depth knowledge of the alterations
of the skin barrier to improve the development of baby skin care products. Therefore, investigating
the response of different allergic phenotypes could be useful for better patient management
and understanding, thus providing an early intervention on dysbiosis necessary to regulate the
immune response from the earliest stages of development.
Bioactive Compound Containing Hepatoprotective Activity
Authors: Yadav Amarjeet , Tiwari Nirbhay Narayan , Srivastava Shobhit Prakash , Tripathi Shivendra Mani , Mishra Sudhanshu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
The liver is an essential organ that aids in the metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics
from the body and dysfunction of the liver is a serious health issue that concerns physicians, pharmaceutical
companies, and regulatory bodies. The effects of numerous hazardous substances, particularly
antibiotics, chemotherapeutics, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), thioacetamide (TAA), and
microorganisms on liver cells have been extensively researched. Synthetic drugs used to treat liver
abnormalities in this condition can also harm the liver in other ways. The bioactivation of medicines
into chemically reactive metabolites, which can interact with cellular macromolecules like
proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, causing protein malfunction, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage,
and oxidative stress, causes liver damage. Natural medications have proven to preserve normal and
useful liver stats while causing fewer adverse effects. The use of medicinal plants in the treatment
of liver disorders has a long history. This review article aims to gather information about prospective
phytochemicals from medicinal plants that have been investigated in modern scientific hepatotoxicity
models. During this review process, we concluded that some medicinal plants were showing
potent effects against liver damage due to their ability to minimize oxidative stress and modulate
the metabolic pathway responsible for liver damage.
Design, Synthesis, and Anti-tumor Activity of Novel 2-Aryl Benzimidazole Compounds
Authors: Xiaohelaiti Haimiti , Wu Wenping , Gao Yiting , Li Sisi , Ma Cheng 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) is a natural product isolated from the bark of the South African
bush willow tree Combretum caffrum, which exerts tubulin inhibition, but its clinical application is limited due to poor
stability and water solubility. 2-aryl benzimidazoles are excellent pharmacological skeletons with many activities,
especially in tumor inhibition, and better pharmacokinetic properties. Several scaffold CA-4 analogs have been synthesized
to date possessing antitumor activities.

Objective:
The benzimidazole was applied as the core moiety to replace the B ring and unstable linkage of CA-4, and
the 5-aryl acetenyl group was introduced to improve the antitumor activity. MCF-7, A549, Caco-2, Siha, and Eca-109
tumor cell lines were used to study inhibition by these agents in vitro.

Methods:
The benzimidazole structure was constructed from the oxidation of o-nitroaniline and aldehyde and the following
schemes, and the structural characterization was carried out. The antitumor effects were evaluated in vitro
through MTT assay, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis assay. Molecular docking with tubulin (Protein ID: 1SA0) was
analyzed for the structure-activity relationship.

Results:
Among these derivatives, 4a-4h series (with 6-methoxy group) compounds inhibited the tumor cell lines
much stronger than the CA-4 and cisplatin, especially compound 4f showed prominently inhibitory activity in Siha cell
with IC50 value as 0.61 μmol/L. The further assay showed that the cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 phase as well
verified in apoptosis assay. Molecular docking indicated that 4f had stronger affinity energy and hydrogen bond than
CA-4.

Conclusion:
The compound 4f has the potency to be used as an anti-tubulin agent and the 2-trimethoxyphenyl benzimidazole
skeleton deserves further study as an antitumor structure.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Therapies in Patients with Pancreatic Neuroendocrine
Tumors
Authors: Morgan Amanda D. , Ramai Daryl , Bandaru Praneeth , Crino Stefano Francesco , Facciorusso Antonio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNETs) are rare but can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. PNETs can be difficult to diagnose and have a propensity for metastasis before their diagnosis is established. To this end, many PNETs do not become apparent until late in their clinical course. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become the modality of choice for detecting these lesions due to its high tumor detection rate. Additionally, therapeutic tech-niques have arisen from EUS which allow for the treatment of PNETs. Overall, EUS has become a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic modality for addressing pancreatic lesions such as PNETs. In this perspective article, we provide an overview of the therapeutic potentials of EUS in the management of PNETs.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Approaches in Predictive
Maintenance: A Review
Authors: Sharma Jeetesh , Lal Mittal Murari , Soni Gunjan , Keprate Arvind 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Predictive maintenance (PdM) is a technique that keeps track of the condition and performance
of equipment during normal operation to reduce the possibility of failures. Accurate
anomaly detection, fault diagnosis, and fault prognosis form the basis of a PdM procedure. This paper
aims to explore and discuss research addressing PdM using machine learning and complications
using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques. While machine learning and artificial intelligence
techniques have gained great interest in recent years, the absence of model interpretability
or explainability in several machine learning models due to the black-box nature requires further
research. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) investigates the explainability of machine learning
models. This article overviews the maintenance strategies, post-hoc explanations, model-specific
explanations, and model-agnostic explanations currently being used. Even though machine learningbased
PdM has gained considerable attention, less emphasis has been placed on explainable artificial
intelligence (XAI) approaches in predictive maintenance (PdM). Based on our findings, XAI
techniques can bring new insights and opportunities for addressing critical maintenance issues,
resulting in more informed decisions. The results analysis suggests a viable path for future studies.

Conclusion:
Even though machine learning-based PdM has gained considerable attention, less emphasis has been placed on explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approaches in predictive maintenance (PdM). Based on our findings, XAI techniques can bring new insights and opportunities for addressing critical maintenance issues, resulting in more informed decisions. The results analysis suggests a viable path for future studies.
Construction and Clinical Application of Digital Intelligent Diagnosis and
Treatment System for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zeng Xiaojun , Tao Haisu , Lau Wan Yee , Fang Chihua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
In the past 20 years, with the emergence and update of digital intelligent technology, the
diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have undergone profound changes.
Three-dimensional visualization technology has revolutionized the traditional two-dimensional diagnosis
and treatment model of HCC and realized preoperative visualization of tumors and complex
liver anatomy. The emergence of ICG fluorescence imaging has realized intraoperative tumor
boundary visualization from the molecular and cellular levels. Augmented reality (AR) and mixed
reality (MR) technology can realize the three-dimensional visualization of anatomical structures in
surgical navigation. Traditional experiential surgery has been transformed into modern intelligent
navigation surgery, and surgery has stepped into a new era of digital intelligent technology. In addition,
artificial intelligence, molecular imaging and nanoprobes are also expected to achieve early
diagnosis and treatment of HCC and improve the prognosis of patients. This article reviews the latest
application of digital intelligent diagnosis and treatment technology related to diagnosing and
treating HCC, hoping to help achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Exploiting Predictability of Random Vector Functional Link Networks in
Forecasting Quality of Service (QoS) Parameters of IoT-Based Web
Services Data
Authors: Lenka Stitapragyan , Pradhan Sateesh Kumar , Nayak Samaleswari Prasad , Nayak Sarat Chandra 
Published: April 2023

Background:
QoS parameters are volatile in nature and possess high nonlinearity, thus
making the IoT-based service and recommendation process challenging.

Methods:
An efficient and accurate forecasting model is lacking in this area and needs to be explored.
Though an artificial neural network is a prominent option for capturing such nonlinearities, its efficiency
is limited by the structural complexity and iterative learning method. The random vector functional
link network (RVFLN) significantly reduces the time complexity by randomly assigning input
weights and biases without further modification. Only output layer weights are calculated iteratively
by gradient methods or non-iteratively by least square methods. It is an efficient algorithm with low
time complexity and can handle complex domain problems without compromising accuracy. Motivated
by these characteristics, this article develops an RVFLN-based model for forecasting QoS parameter
sequences.

Results:
Two real-world IoT-enabled web service dataset series are used in developing and evaluating
the effectiveness of RVFLN-based forecasts in terms of three performance metrics.

Conclusion:
Experimental results, comparative studies, and statistical tests are conducted to establish
the superiority of the proposed approach over four other similar forecasting techniques.
Complementary Medication for COVID-19 Outbreak Concerns in the
Leprosy Community - A Passionate Proposal
Authors: Thangaraju Pugazhenthan , Venkatesan Sajitha , Gurunthalingam Meenalotchini Prakash , Velmurugan Hemasri , Sudha TY Sree , K Thangadurai , Thangaraju Eswaran , Balasundaram Mahesh Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
The number of COVID-19-positive cases continues to climb, causing alarm around the
world. The Nilavembu (Andrographis paniculata) Kudineer of Siddha medicine, an alternative
medicine practiced in India, has already been shown to be beneficial in viral outbreaks like
Chikungunya and Dengue fever. Several investigations have demonstrated that these herbs have
anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antibacterial, and antiviral activities against the Herpes
simplex virus and Ebstein Barr virus. This herbal remedy has also been shown to have a low risk of
negative side effects. There is currently no approved pharmaceutical treatment for COVID-19. Using
the phrases 'COVID-19,' 'Ayush,' 'Siddha,' and 'Leprosy,' we searched other databases such as
Google, Embase, ScienceDirect, and the Clinical Trial Registry of India. In another research on
Siddha treatment, Kabasura Kudineer, a decoction of 15 herbal items was discovered to have activity
against the spike protein of SARS COV-2 using an in-silico compound method. As there are
no effective treatments available for the prevention and treatment of mild to moderate cases, these
two medicines, Nilavembu Kudineer, and Kabasura Kudineer can be used as part of a COVID-19
prophylaxis using a combination of modern and alternative medicine.