bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast Cancer and Body Image: The Roles of the Male Partner
Authors: Akpor Oluwaseyi Abiodun , Kolawole Eyitayo Roseline , Olorunfemi Olaolorunpo , Oduyemi Rachael Olufunmilayo 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Cancer is a group of diseases with different causes, manifestations, treatment, and prognosis, characterized with an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cell. In women; cancer of the breast is the second most common cancer after cervical cancer and the second leading cancer’s death following lung cancer among women in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, it has become the most common female malignancy with a prevalence of 12.5%. However, the same treatment that offers better cure rates may also result in a serious decrease in quality of life, psychological problems, as well as provoking changes in their bodies. Societal behavior towards breast cancer patients makes a woman that is newly diagnosed with breast cancer become tearful, ashamed, and discouraged.

Aims:
To examine breast cancer, body image and the roles of the male partner.

Methods:
The data for this review paper are from published studies. Electronic databases of Medline, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar were searched using the keywords: breast cancer, body image, roles of the male partner and literature were retrieved and screened for eligibility. The date limit considered in the literature search was from 2016-2021 to capture only the variables identified in this seminar objective. The author defined the topic of interest and the goal was to address the objective of the seminar topic.

Results:
Four themes (issues) emerged which are: (1) The Model of Whole-Person Caring, (2) Disturbed Body Image, (3) Psycho-Social Impact of Breast Cancer and (4) Roles of the Male Partner.

Conclusion:
Breast cancer poses a significant financial and psychosocial burden not only on patients, but also on their spouses, families, and broader social network. Breast cancer disease usually changes spousal roles as the women’s husbands take over their responsibilities. The disease influenced both partners and made stress a common factor shared by them. Husband plays a vital role in the lives of breast cancer patients through managing the finance, decision-making, providing emotional support, and remaining involved throughout the disease. Therefore, involving the husband in planned psycho-social interventions produces better results than merely patient-focused strategies. Male partners have a great role to play and should be encouraged and allow partaking in the treatment process of their spouses as this will positively influence their recovery.
republicanismo democrático español y la política reforma social: Gumersindo de Azcárate
Authors: Monereo Pérez José Luis 
Published: April 2023

Gumersindo de Azcárate se inserta en el movimiento de reacción desde dentro del sistema liberal frente a los postulados tradicionales del liberalismo radical económico, social y jurídico. Se pretendía transformar el liberalismo desde dentro, renovándolo y adaptándolo a las exigencias de una nueva época, llevando a cabo profundas reformas sociales, económicas y de carácter político jurídico del orden liberal originario. El proceso fue similar –más allá de las innegables diferencias específicas- a lo largo del siglo XIX en los Estados industrialmente más desarrollados. Entre ese amplio movimiento de transformación del sistema liberal individualista de los orígenes se encontraba, de manera destacada, la corriente crítica de pensamiento del krausismo social liberal, muy centrada en introducir reformas sociales utilizando como palanca los instrumentos renovados del sistema político y jurídico del Estado intervencionista; junto con la implantación un sistema educativo como mecanismo para forjar una ciudadanía activa y crear una esfera de opinión pública crítica. Todo ello se realiza como plasmación de la filosofía jurídica y sociopolítica de un krausismo renovado como “republicanismo social”.
Assessing radicalization risks in the adolescent and youth environment
Authors: Бовин Б.Г. , Дворянчиков Н.В. , Мельникова Д.В. , Бовина И.Б. 
Published: April 2023

Введение: сфокусированность внимания представителей социально-психологической науки на проблеме радикализации объясняется социальным запросом на профилактику данного явления в подростково-молодежной среде. Разработка инструментов оценки риска радикализации являет собой очень важный инструмент ранней диагностики. Цель: теоретико-аналитическое исследование с целью критического анализа существующих моделей оценки риска радикализации. Результаты: значительное внимание в работе уделено анализу инструментов оценки риска радикализации, которые используются в пенитенциарных системах ряда стран. Кроме того, обсуждаются модели оценки риска в более широкой популяции. Выводы: критический анализ существующих моделей радикализации позволяет прийти к заключению о необходимости рассмотрения процесса радикализации через призму такой теоретической традиции, которая была бы адекватна изучению самого феномена (радикализация, будучи процессом легитимизации терроризма, понимается как явление, происходящее в групповом контексте). Кроме того, модель оценки риска радикализации должна основываться на такой теоретической традиции, которая получила бы солидную экспериментальную проверку.
Introduction: representatives of socio-psychological science focus their attention on the prob- lem of radicalization due to the social demand to prevent this phenomenon in the adolescent and youth environment. The development of tools for assessing radicalization risks is a very important tool for early diagnosis. Purpose: theoretical and analytical research to critically analyze current models for assessing radicalization risks. Results: considerable attention is paid to the analysis of tools for assessing radicalization risks, used in penitentiary systems of different countries. In addi- tion, risk assessment models in a wider population are discussed. Conclusion: the conducted study shows that it is necessary to consider the radicalization process through the prism of such a theo- retical tradition that would be adequate to the study of the phenomenon itself (radicalization, being a process of terrorism legitimization, is understood as a phenomenon occurring in a group context). In addition, the model for assessing radicalization risks should be based on a theoretical tradition that would receive a solid experimental test.
The Silk Road: China and the Karakorum Highway
Authors: Tucker Jonathan 
Published: April 2023

Stretching from the ancient Chinese capital of Xian across the expanses of Central Asia to Rome, the Silk Road was, for 1,500 years, a vibrant network of arteries that carried the lifeblood of nations across the world. Along a multitude of routes everything was exchanged: exotic goods, art, knowledge, religion, philosophy, disease and war. From the East came silk, precious stones, tea, jade, paper, porcelain, spices and cotton; from the West, horses, weapons, wool and linen, aromatics, entertainers and exotic animals. From its earliest beginnings in the days of Alexander the Great and the Han dynasty, the Silk Road expanded and evolved, reaching its peak during the Tang dynasty and the Byzantine Empire and gradually withering away with the decline of the Mongol Empire.
In this beautifully illustrated book, which covers the China section of the Silk Road - from Xian through Loulan, Korla, Turfan and Khotan to Kashgar and onwards to India - Jonathan Tucker uses travellers' anecdotes and a wealth of literary and historical sources to celebrate the cultural heritage of the countries that lie along the Silk Road and illuminate the lives of those who once travelled through the very heart of the world.
An open-source automatic survey of green roofs in London using segmentation of aerial imagery
Authors: Simpson Charles H. , Brousse Oscar , Mohajeri Nahid , Davies Michael , Heaviside Clare 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Green roofs can mitigate heat, increase biodiversity, and attenuate storm water, giving some of the benefits of natural vegetation in an urban context where ground space is scarce.
To guide the design of more sustainable and climate-resilient buildings and neighbourhoods,
there is a need to assess the existing status of green roof coverage and explore the potential for future implementation.
Therefore, accurate information on the prevalence and characteristics of existing green roofs is needed, but this information is currently lacking.
Segmentation algorithms have been used widely to identify buildings and land cover in aerial imagery.
Using a machine learning algorithm based on U-Net (Ronneberger et al., 2015) to segment aerial imagery, we surveyed the area and coverage of green roofs in London, producing a geospatial dataset (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7603123, Simpson et al., 2023).
We estimate that there was 0.23 km2 of green roof in the Central Activities Zone (CAZ) of London,
1.07 km2 in Inner London, and 1.89 km2 in Greater London in the year 2021.
This corresponds to 2.0 % of the total building footprint area in the CAZ and 1.3 % in Inner London.
There is a relatively higher concentration of green roofs in the City of London, covering 3.9 % of the total building footprint area.
Test set accuracy was 0.99, with an F score of 0.58.
When tested against imagery and labels from a different year (2019), the model performed just as well as a model trained on the imagery and labels from that year, showing that the model generalised well between different imagery.
We improve on previous studies by including more negative examples in the training data and by requiring coincidence between vector building footprints and green roof patches.
We experimented with different data augmentation methods and found a small improvement in performance when applying random elastic deformations, colour shifts, gamma adjustments, and rotations to the imagery.
The survey covers 1558 km2 of Greater London, making this the largest open automatic survey of green roofs in any city.
The geospatial dataset is at the single-building level, providing a higher level of detail over the larger area compared to what was already available.
This dataset will enable future work exploring the potential of green roofs in London and on urban climate modelling.
Improved extended-range prediction of persistent stratospheric perturbations using machine learning
Authors: de Fondeville Raphaël , Wu Zheng , Székely Enikő , Obozinski Guillaume , Domeisen Daniela I. V. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. On average every 2 years, the stratospheric polar vortex exhibits extreme perturbations known as sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs).
The impact of these events is not limited to the stratosphere: but they can also influence the weather at the surface of the Earth for up to 3 months after their occurrence. This downward effect is observed in particular for SSW events with extended recovery timescales.
This long-lasting stratospheric impact on surface weather can be leveraged to significantly improve the performance of weather forecasts on timescales of weeks to months.
In this paper, we present a fully data-driven procedure to improve the performance of long-range forecasts of the stratosphere around SSW events with an extended recovery.
We first use unsupervised machine learning algorithms to capture the spatio-temporal dynamics of SSWs and to create a continuous scale index measuring both the frequency and the strength of persistent stratospheric perturbations.
We then uncover three-dimensional spatial patterns maximizing the correlation with positive index values, allowing us to assess when and where statistically significant early signals of SSW occurrence can be found.
Finally, we propose two machine learning (ML) forecasting models as competitors for the state-of-the-art sub-seasonal European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) numerical prediction model S2S (sub-seasonal to seasonal): while the numerical model performs better for lead times of up to 25 d, the ML models offer better predictive performance for greater lead times.
We leverage our best-performing ML forecasting model to successfully post-process numerical ensemble forecasts and increase their performance by up to 20 %.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic (AAS) Analysis of Heavy Metals and Health Risks Assessment of some Common Energy Drinks
Authors: Bunu Samuel J. , Ebeshi Benjamin U. , Kpun Hilda F. , Kashimawo Adesegun J. , Vaikosen Edebi N. , Itodo Chubiyojo B. 
Published: April 2023

Background and Purpose: Soft drinks are commonly consumed globally. Due to high demand, regulatory protocols may be breached thereby leading to contamination with heavy metals. In this study, we determined the content of five heavy metals in some Nigerian soft drinks and estimated their potential health risks.
Methods: Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine the concentrations of magnesium, aluminum, lead, arsenic, and zinc. Twelve (12) soft drinks (labeled B1–B12) were used. After the AAS, parameters such as target health quotient (THQ), average daily intake (EDI), and chronic daily intake (CDI) were evaluated.
Results: The level of arsenic found in all soft drinks ranged from 0.001-0.0603 mg/L, as against the 0.01 mg/L maximum contaminant level (MCL) standard. Lead was 0.001-0.023mg/L (MCL is 0.01 mg/L) and within the MCL except in one sample (0.023 mg/L). Aluminum levels ranged from 0.001-2.0491 mg/L except in one sample (0.001 mg/L) and the WHO limit is 0.02 mg/L. The concentration range for magnesium was 0.6954-2.4341 mg/L versus the standard limit of 0.02 mg/L. The THQ values of aluminum were significantly different from the values of other heavy metals. The order of abundance of the metals was: Mg > Zn > Al > Pb > As. Arsenic and lead were found in relatively small concentrations compared to the other metals. The THQ value of aluminum in most of the samples was higher than normal.
Conclusion: The concentration of magnesium was above the acceptable limits in all the soft drinks. All the heavy metals, except aluminum, were within acceptable THQ limits. The high values of magnesium and aluminum underscores the need for quality control measures during production.
About That Life
Authors: Cheney Matthew 
Published: April 2023

Why write? Why ask a reader to give their time and attention to your words? How can writing be more than narcissism and self-aggrandizement?
These questions were ones that the writer and naturalist Barry Lopez asked at the Bread Loaf Writers’ Conference in the summer of 2000, and they are questions at the heart of About That Life, a meditation on matters of living, making, and seeking.
While Lopez is best known for such works of nonfiction as the National Book Award-winning Arctic Dreams, Matthew Cheney brings our attention to the many works of short fiction that Lopez published throughout his life, demonstrating how they fit within Lopez’s sense of ethical aesthetics. That sense is then set alongside the work of San Francisco’s New Narrative writers, insights from David Hinton’s translations of Tu Fu, the story of community arising around a pottery kiln in western Oregon, the beauties and contradictions of Sōetsu Yanagi’s The Unknown Craftsman, and the implications of the right-wing mob attack on the U.S. Capitol – an event that occurred on what would have been Barry Lopez’s 76th birthday.
Through a collage of memoir, history, literary criticism, philosophy, aesthetic theory, and creative writing exercises, About That Life wonders how we might live and dream in a world that seems ever more cruel and destructive.
Legitimiteit van sociaal beleid: maatschappelijke ontwikkelingen en bestuurlijke dilemma’s
Authors: van der Steen Martijn , Fenger Menno , van der Torre Lieske , van Wijk Arno 
Published: April 2023

Legitimacy of social policy: social developments and administrative dilemmas
Social policy has to be legitimate. But what is legitimacy? And what makes policy legitimate? This article argues that in order to be legitimate policy needs to answer to three different logics: the logic of the policy system, of external conditions, and of societal preferences. However, these three logics are often not coherent and point in different directions. Also, signs are often not coherent and are ambiguous at best. Therefore, following the three logics is not merely a matter of reading the signs, but of interpreting and balancing them. This article shows how policy makers in the Netherlands are balancing for responsiveness in three cases of social policy: social assistance policy, sheltered work policy and labor migration policy. The cases learn that responsiveness does not come from large decisive reforms, but from a wide range of small and often hardly politicized steps. Also, we see that in balancing the various logics, policy makers have a strong bias towards the logic of the policy system and that of public preference, and pay far less attention to external conditions. However, on the longer term external conditions cannot be neglected and policy makers face tough decisions about short term responsiveness towards public preferences and more longer term actions that make for policies that are more balanced with external conditions and therefore sustainable on the longer term.
Watergovernance: het belang van ‘op tijd’ samenwerken
Authors: Eshuis Jasper , van Buuren Arwin 
Published: April 2023

Water governance: the importance of ‘working on time’ in collaborative processes
The factor time is an often neglected issue in the literature on network governance. In this article we analyze the differences in perceptions on time between actors involved in water governance and describe the managerial interventions aimed at synchronizing time horizons, managing the available amount of time and the tempo of the governance process. Two case studies of governance processes in the district of Water Board Delfland are included to provide insight in the question how the factor time influences the governance processes and how aspects of time are managed. The case studies show that different perceptions of time may cause tensions in collaborative relationships, and even cause the end of collaborations. This underscores the importance of time-sensitive governance.
Treatment Selection and Survival in Patients with Gray Zone Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Samhouri Yazan , Jayakrishnan Thejus T. , Alnimer Lynna , Bakalov Veli , Wegner Rodney E. , Khan Cyrus , Fazal Salman , Lister John 
Published: April 2023

Background and objectives:
There are no treatment guidelines for gray-zone lymphoma (GZL), given the disease's rarity and being a relatively new entity. Our objective was to assess factors affecting treatment selection in GZL and its effect on survival, focusing on combined modality treatment (CMT) versus chemotherapy alone.

Patients and methods:
We identified 1047 patients with GZL treated with CMT or chemotherapy alone between 2004 and 2016 from the National Cancer Database (NCDB). We excluded patients without histologic confirmation of the diagnosis, those who did not receive chemotherapy, and those who started chemotherapy >120 days or radiation >365 days from diagnosis to account for immortal time bias. Factors affecting treatment selection were investigated using a logistic regression model. A propensity score-matched methodology was used to compare survival outcomes.

Results:
Only 164 patients (15.7%) received CMT, while 883 (84.3%) received chemotherapy alone. Treatment selection was affected by clinical factors (age, odds ratio [OR] 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98–0.997, p-value 0.01 and advanced stage, OR for stage 4: 0.21, 95% CI 0.13–0.34, p-value < 0.001) but not socioeconomic factors. Higher median income was associated with better survival, while increased age, higher comorbidity score, and B symptoms were associated with worse survival. The use of CMT had a survival advantage over chemotherapy alone (hazard ratio [HR] 0.54, 95% CI 0.351–0.833, p-value 0.005).

Conclusion:
CMT is associated with survival advantage in our analysis. Careful selection of patients is essential to achieve the best outcomes with minimal toxicity. Socioeconomic factors affect treatment selection in patients with GZL that can alter outcomes. Future work should focus on strategies that access disparities without compromising survival.
JAK2/STAT5 Pathway Mutation Frequencies in South African BCR/ABL Negative MPN Patients
Authors: Shires Karen L. , Rust Adriana J. , Harryparsad Rushil , Coburn Justin A. , Gopie Ruth E. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Mutations in JAK2/STAT5 proliferation pathway genes are key in the diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNBCR/ABLneg), with JAK2V617F being found in 50-97% of MPNBCR/ABLneg subtypes. Low JAK2V617F positivity at our facility suggested that our South African MPNBCR/ABLneg population may have a different mutational landscape.

Objectives:
We aimed to determine the JAK2/STAT5 mutation frequencies associated with our local MPNBCR/ABLneg population, thus determining the relevance of these molecular tests in this group. We also investigated the haemato- pathological relevance of each test request, to assess testing practises.

Method:
This study involved the retrospective audit of 886 patients for whom JAK2V617F mutation testing had been requested for a suspected MPN diagnosis. FBC indices, erythropoietin levels and bone marrow biopsy results were used to classify the patients. JAK2V617F
negatlve patient DNA was tested for calreticulin (CALR) exon9, myeloproliferative leukaemia protein (MPL) codon515 and JAK2 exon12 mutations.

Results:
Only 23% of the patients demonstrated JAK2V617F positivity, with an additional 29 cases of CALR/MPL mutations being detected. Mutations were only detected in patients with abnormal FBC indices, as expected, yet 37% of the test requests were not associated with abnormal parameters at the time of testing. Mutation frequencies were as follows: Polycythaemia Vera: 97% JAK2V617F/3% (JAK2,CALR,MPL) triple negative; Essential thrombocythemia: 72% JAK2V617F/23%CALR/5%triple negative; Primary Myelofibrosis: 78%JAK2V617F/16%CALR/6%triple negative.

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrated that our MPNBCR/ABLneg patients have a similar genetic landscape to other MPN populations, with >93% being able to be diagnosed by testing for the JAK2V617F and CALR exon9 mutations alone. Adoption of the WHO 2016 guidelines is recommended to guide testing practices.
MORTGAGE LENDING AS A FACTOR OF SOCIAL STABILITY
Authors: Акылбекова Нелли Ильинична , Мукамбаева Ирина Борисовна , Аматова Мээрим Абдуманаповна 
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена анализу современного состояния ипотечного кредитования в Кыргызской Республике. Авторами был проведен сравнительный анализ уровня развития ипотечного кредитования в Кыргызской Республике, странах ЕАЭС и развитых странах-лидерах по доступности ипотеки в 2021 году. Авторами был также проведен анализ динамики общих объемов кредитов и объемов кредитов по ипотеке коммерческих банков Кыргызской Республики, динамики средневзвешенных процентных ставок кредитов действующих коммерческих банков Кыргызской Республики, в том числе по ипотеке. Авторами рассмотрены причины сдерживания развития ипотеки в Кыргызской Республике и подчеркнута роль государства в дальнейшем ее развитии.
The article is devoted to visited by the analysis of the current state of mortgage lending in the Kyrgyz Republic. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the level of development of mortgage lending in the Kyrgyz Republic, the EAEU countries and the leading developed countries in terms of the availability of mortgages in 2021. The authors also analyzed the dynamics of total volumes of loans and volumes of mortgage loans of commercial banks of the Kyrgyz Republic, the dynamics of weighted average interest rates of loans of operating commercial banks of the Kyrgyz Republic, including mortgages. The authors considered the reasons for the restraint of mortgage development in the Kyrgyz Republic and emphasized the role of the state in its further development.