bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Garroway Kristine Henriksen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Death is transitional; the dying individual moves from the household of the living to the household of the dead. While it has been well established that adults in lands of ancient Israel moved through this transition, little has been done to address what occurred when a child died. Here the question of the child’s place in the household of the afterlife, as revealed through the dying process, is examined. The continuation of the household into death carries with it an understanding that the social relationships within the household will also be continued. Social relationships, in turn, are linked to the personhood of the individuals within the household. Therefore, how children are treated in death is directly related to their personhood, and their incorporation (or not) into the cult of the dead kin. Included in this chapter are foundational definitions describing a child, where children are found archaeologically, and their place in the household.
Memorializing Death
Authors: Garroway Kristine Henriksen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Markers of public rituals (burial rites) and protection from physical harm (burial receptacles) are indicators of personhood bestowed on a dying individual by their society. These rituals and protective measures are a means of memorializing the deceased. Often understood as applying only to adults, here the function of written and structural memorials is explored with respect to children. An inscribed jar burial (Ashkelon), tomb inscriptions (Beit Lei), and inscribed amulets (Ketef Hinnom) attest to an intentional measure of protection extended to the dying child’s person. Long associated with rebirth, intramural burials are some of the most unique forms of memorials bestowed upon children. New methods for thinking about the marking architectural features above ground, as well as the function of jar burials, are presented, using theories of materiality to argue that the living adults actively worked to bring dying children into a collective generational space through the process of commemoration and place-making.
Lutheran Music and the Thirty Years War
Authors: Stauff Derek L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
During the 1620s and 1630s, Lutheran composers from central Germany wrote sacred music with significance more deeply connected to the Thirty Years War than previously acknowledged. Composers like Heinrich Schütz, Johann Hermann Schein, Tobias Michael, and Andreas Hammerschmidt, among others, did so by carefully choosing biblical texts that specifically resonated with the war, by setting their texts in ways that sometimes amplify these resonances, and by performing this music in politically meaningful contexts. As a result, their music could take on a variety of meanings revolving around the war: some pieces become representations of the Lutheran church and community, stoking fears about Catholic political aggression and religious persecution, warning Lutherans of the grave peril in which their church was foundering, and comforting believers with promises of God’s protection; other works celebrate contemporary political and military alignments, such as the Swedish-Saxon alliance (1631–1635) and its victory at the Battle of Breitenfeld (1631); and on a few occasions close scrutiny reveals music with a hidden or implicit critique of a controversial decree (the Edict of Restitution, 1628) or of the excesses of Swedish troops. All this shows how Lutherans sometimes talked politics and confession through sacred music, enriching our understanding of a repertoire that might all too easily appear to uniformly preach peace, protest war, or float timelessly in a liturgical or devotional space above the tumult of religious strife and politics.
Commemorating the Battle of Breitenfeld (Part 1)
Authors: Stauff Derek L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Part Two explores a second theme, sacred music’s implicit support or critique of Sweden’s alliances and military campaign in Germany. In the early years, the Swedish King Gustav Adolf enjoyed an initial surge of popularity after the victory at Breitenfeld in 1631. Lutheran Saxony celebrated the victory, sometimes with music that can be documented. The most detailed case revolves around Heinrich Schütz’s Saul, Saul, was verfolgst du mich?, one of the most famous sacred concertos of the seventeenth century. Early modern Lutherans frequently linked his text to contemporary religious persecution, and in a 1632 performance at the first anniversary of the Battle of Breitenfeld, this significance was channeled into the political aims of Sweden and Saxony. The celebrations touted the battle as a victory over Catholic oppression. In this context, Schütz’s text and musical choices encouraged listeners to hear in Saul’s example a parallel to the victory they were celebrating and to the persecution they feared from their Catholic and Imperial adversaries.
Extreme hot weather events and risk of hospitalisation for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in older people in Hong Kong in 2012 to 2018
Authors: Lai Eric Tsz-Chun , Ho Irene Yuk-Ying , Ho Hung Chak , Chau Pui-Hing , Yip Terry Cheuk-Fung , Wong Grace Lai-Hung , Woo Jean 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The older population is more vulnerable to the impact of extreme hot weather events (EHWEs), while the impact on the frailer institutionalised older population was seldom assessed. Our objective was to assess the relationship between EHWEs and hospitalisation risks among institutionalised and community-dwelling older people.

Methods
We used territory-wide hospitalisation record of Hong Kong from year 2012 to 2018 to assess the associations between EHWEs and cardiovascular and respiratory disease hospitalisations in the population aged 65 or above. A very hot day (VHD) was defined as the daily maximum temperature ≥ 33°C, and a hot night (HN) was defined as the daily minimum temperature ≥ 28°C. We assessed whether prolonged exposure to high temperatures (defined as 3 consecutive VHDs (3VHD) or HNs (3HN)) was related to higher risk of hospitalisation over a lag period of 0-21 days. Time-stratified case-crossover design was used. Analyses were stratified by old age home (OAH) residence status.

Results
Exposure to 3VHDs was related to higher risk of cardiovascular disease admissions for community-dwelling older people [relative risk (RR): 1.09; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.03 to 1.14 (lagged 4 days, i.e. delayed manifestation up to 4 days)] while for OAH residents, the association could have a lag of 18 days (RR: 1.28; 95%CI 1.05 to 1.54). For respiratory disease admissions, such relatively long delayed relationship was not clearly observed.

Conclusions
The warming climate could increase healthcare demand in the long run. Frailer patients could present with a generally more marked and delayed onset of cardiovascular disease aggravation than the community-dwelling population.
The haplotype-resolved and chromosome-level reference genome assembly of Diospyros deyangensis provides insights into the evolution and juvenile growth of persimmon
Authors: Guan Changfei , Liu Yunxiao , Li Zhongxing , Zhang Yangxin , Liu Zhiguang , Zhu Qinggang , Zhang Pingxian , Shen Xiaoxia , Fang Jing , Li Jiayan , Zhang Qingling , Guan Qingmei , Luo Zhengrong , Yang Yong , Zhao Tao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Diospyros genus, which includes both wild and cultivated species such as Diospyros lotus and Diospyros kaki, represents a diverse genetic pool with significant agricultural value. In this study, we present a high-quality, haplotype-resolved, chromosome-level genome assembly for D. deyangensis (hereinafter referred to as “Deyangshi”), an autotetraploid wild species notable for its short juvenile phase, by integrating high-fidelity single-molecule, nanopore sequencing, and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture techniques. The assembled genome size is approximately 3.01 Gb, anchored onto 60 pseudo-chromosomes. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the D. deyangensis genome underwent an additional whole-genome duplication event following the eudicots shared ancient hexaploidy event. Resequencing and clustering on 63 samples representing 11 geographically diverse Diospyros accessions revealed significant genetic differentiation between D. deyangensis and D. kaki, as well as between D. kaki and other Diospyros species using population genomic analyses, suggesting that D. kaki followed an independent evolutionary pathway. Additionally, we identified DdELF4 (EARLY FLOWERING 4) from the “Deyangshi” backcross population using bulked segregant RNA sequencing (BSR-seq) with 50 early flowering and 50 non-early flowering individuals. Overexpression of DdELF4 in Arabidopsis resulted in delayed flowering and down-regulation of FT gene expression, indicating its role as a flowering repressor. This high-quality genome assembly of “Deyangshi” provides an essential genomic resource for the Diospyros genus, particularly for breeding programs focused on developing early-flowering persimmon varieties.
Six cases of ENPP1 pathogenic variants causing Autosomal Recessive Hypophosphatemic Rickets type 2 (ARHR2) and Generalised Arterial Calcification of Infancy (GACI)
Authors: Collins Lucy , Sandy Jessica , Ly Stephanie , Lomax Kate E , Black Sarah , McKenzie Fiona , Hayes Eadaoin , Poulton Cathryn , Jefferies Craig , Hunter Wendy , Simm Peter , Rodda Christine , Biggin Andrew , Munns Craig , Siafarikas Aris 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
ARHR2 and GACI occur secondary to biallelic ENPP1 loss-of-function pathogenic variants. GACI is a life-threatening condition, often presenting in the neonatal period with heart failure and hypertension, caused by calcification of the media in large- and medium-sized arteries. ARHR2 typically manifests later in life. Children with ARHR2 commonly exhibit short stature, rachitic skeletal changes, progressive deformities of the lower limbs, skeletal fragility and bone/muscle pain. We present six cases of homozygous pathogenic variants in the ENPP1 gene causing ARHR2 and/or GACI.
Case 1: Presented with lower limb deformities and pain with radiological evidence of rickets. Subsequent investigations displayed aortic and pulmonary arterial calcification.
Case 2: Presented with lower limb deformities and knee pain. Confirmatory testing was undertaken following her brother’s (Case 1) diagnosis.
Case 3: The diagnosis was made antenatally. Bisphosphonate treatment was instituted in both the pre- and post-natal periods due to the presence of extensive arterial calcifications. Rickets were noted by two years of age.
Case 4: Presented with lower limb deformities and pain. There is no current evidence of arterial calcification nor hypertension.
Case 5: Presented at three months of age in cardiogenic shock with widespread calcification of large and medium-sized arteries. Bisphosphonate treatment was instituted.
Case 6: Presented at 2 weeks of age with right shoulder discomfort, with evidence of glenohumeral joint calcification. Further imaging revealed aortic, mediastinal, sternoclavicular joint and vertebral spinous process calcification.
Case 1 and 2 were also found to have a heterozygous pathogenic ALPL variant consistent with hypophosphatasia.
Clinical features, biochemistry, imaging and genetic analyses assist in the diagnosis of ARHR2 and GACI. Conventional therapy, oral phosphate and calcitriol for ARHR2 and bisphosphonates for GACI, have been utilised for many years. ENPP1 replacement treatment remains an exciting prospect for future management of ARHR2 and GACI secondary to loss of function of ENPP1.
Evaluation of uncertainty quantification of ensemble-based Kalman filters with Markov chain Monte Carlo
Authors: Jahanbakhshi Saman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Quantification of uncertainty in the prediction of reservoir future performance is one of the most important aspects in reservoir management. In spite of excessive applications of ensemble-based Kalman filters (EnKFs) in characterization of dynamic reservoir models, some shortcomings are also reported regarding the inability of these methods to provide high quality history matches and to accurately quantify the inherent uncertainty. In this study, uncertainty quantification of different EnKFs is evaluated against Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Accordingly, a very long MCMC is considered so as to produce the reference posterior probability distribution function (PDF) in a small reservoir model, and the approximated posterior PDFs obtained from EnKFs are then compared with that of MCMC. Furthermore, performance of these filters is compared with MCMC in terms of the accuracy of the estimated parameters and the quality of history matching. The estimated permeabilities from MCMC are closest to the true ones compared to the results of the EnKFs. Unsurprisingly, the estimation of more sensitive parameters demonstrates greater accuracy and lower uncertainty. Also, the reference posterior PDF from MCMC shows lower uncertainty relative to the approximated posterior PDFs from the EnKFs. In fact, the higher uncertainty associated with the EnKFs is a remarkably promising result, as most of the previous investigations declare that EnKFs underestimate the inherent uncertainty, especially with small ensemble sizes. The findings of this study shed light on the capability of the EnKFs for quantification of the inherent uncertainty in both the estimated parameter space and in the predictions of future performance.
Drivers of small mammal population dynamics in hardwood forests of northeastern USA
Authors: Willems Joshua S , Moll Remington J , Yamasaki Mariko , Costello Christine , Ducey Mark J , Rowe Rebecca J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Many small mammal populations exhibit dramatic annual fluctuations, with abundance sometimes varying by orders of magnitude across years. However, there remains much debate about the factors that drive changes in abundance. Long-term datasets provide important opportunities to further investigate these phenomena. Using 30 yr of data from a study at Bartlett Experimental Forest in north-central New Hampshire, USA, we compare the relative effects of pulsed food resources (beech mast), forest structure, and weather on the population dynamics of 5 rodents and 4 shrew species. We estimated detection-corrected abundances using Bayesian N-mixture models. Mast, forest structure, and weather all influenced abundance; however, responses varied among species, and no single variable proved to be broadly influential across all species. More generally, our results suggest that for most species analyzed, mast availability and weather patterns have a greater influence on abundance fluctuations than forest structure. However, our results suggest that species are not responding to changes in the environment in the same way. Given that small mammals are ubiquitous and serve key ecological roles, a better understanding of the drivers of small mammal population fluctuations could have broad-reaching implications for forest ecology and management.
Does ad hoc language training improve the economic integration of refugees? Evidence from Germany’s response to the Syrian refugee crisis
Authors: Marbach Moritz , Vallizadeh Ehsan , Harder Niklas , Hangartner Dominik , Hainmueller Jens 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Given the global displacement crisis, the integration of refugees has emerged as a critical policy issue for many host countries. A key challenge involves supporting refugees in learning the language of their host country. While several European nations have instituted publicly funded language training for asylum seekers and refugees soon after their arrival, evidence on the efficacy of these early language programmes in promoting economic integration remains limited. This study examines the impact of a pioneering, large-scale ad hoc programme introduced by German policymakers, which provided basic language training to over 230,000 refugees arriving in 2015–2016. Utilizing register data on the population of asylum seekers and exploiting a cut-off date in programme eligibility, we assess the programme’s effectiveness using a regression discontinuity design. Our findings reveal no discernible effect on refugee employment over the subsequent 2 years. To explore whether language programmes are generally ineffective during refugee crises, we contrast these results with the impacts of a more comprehensive, preexisting, yet smaller-scale programme. Using a variety of difference-in-differences estimators, we find that this programme considerably increased refugee employment. These contrasting findings offer important insights for policymakers on designing effective language training programmes for refugees.
Curative resection of multiple primary neuroendocrine tumors enabled by preoperative imaging: a case report
Authors: Shidahara Hidetoshi , Hashimoto Masakazu , Mori Keiichi , Kuroda Shintaro , Tahara Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Tsuyoshi , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NENs) originate from neuroendocrine cells and predominantly occur in the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and pancreas. Although the liver is commonly involved in NEN metastasis, primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors (PHNETs) are rare. Herein, we report a case of a 52-year-old female who presented with slowly enlarging, cystic, multiple PHNETs. Two tumors in segments 6 (S6) and S7 were noted on computed tomography (CT), and an additional S7/8 tumor was found on magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, CT during hepatic arteriography (CTHA) revealed a small tumor in S8. No other primary tumors were detected in other organs. Posterior segmentectomy and S8 partial resection were performed for the tumors. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was a grade 2 neuroendocrine tumor. The patient showed no recurrence of tumor 3 years postoperatively. In this study, CTHA was more effective than other examinations in detecting small tumors, which could be resected without any residual tumors.
On Rosser theories
Authors: Cheng Yong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rosser theories play an important role in the study of the incompleteness phenomenon and meta-mathematics of arithmetic. In this paper, we first define the notions of $n$-Rosser theories, exact $n$-Rosser theories, effectively $n$-Rosser theories and effectively exact $n$-Rosser theories (see Definition 1.6). Our definitions are not restricted to arithmetic languages. Then we systematically examine properties of $n$-Rosser theories and relationships among them. Especially, we generalize some important theorems about Rosser theories for recursively enumerable sets in the literature to $n$-Rosser theories in a general setting.
Molecular mechanisms underlying allosteric behavior of Escherichia coli DgoR, a GntR/FadR family transcriptional regulator
Authors: Singh Swati , Arya Garima , Mishra Rajesh , Singla Shivam , Pratap Akhil , Upadhayay Krishna , Sharma Monika , Chaba Rachna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
GntR/FadR family featuring an N-terminal winged helix–turn–helix DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal α-helical effector-binding and oligomerization domain constitutes one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators. Several GntR/FadR regulators govern the metabolism of sugar acids, carbon sources implicated in bacterial–host interactions. Although effectors are known for a few sugar acid regulators, the unavailability of relevant structures has left their allosteric mechanism unexplored. Here, using DgoR, a transcriptional repressor of d-galactonate metabolism in Escherichia coli, as a model, and its superrepressor alleles, we probed allostery in a GntR/FadR family sugar acid regulator. Genetic and biochemical studies established compromised response to d-galactonate as the reason for the superrepressor behavior of the mutants: T180I does not bind d-galactonate, and while A97V, S171L and M188I bind d-galactonate, effector binding does not induce a conformational change required for derepression, suggesting altered allostery. For mechanistic insights into allosteric communication, we performed simulations of the modeled DgoR structure in different allosteric states for both the wild-type and mutant proteins. We found that each mutant exhibits unique dynamics disrupting the intrinsic allosteric communication pathways, thereby impacting DgoR function. We finally validated the allosteric communication model by testing in silico predictions with experimental data.
Design and optimization of water scrubbing system for tar reduction in biomass gasification: a statistical analysis
Authors: Lanjekar Pranay Rajendra , Panwar Narayan Lal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Biomass gasification produces energy from waste, but tar production limits the use of the produced syngas. Water scrubbing is commonly used to remove tar from gas. Based on absorption and impaction principles, a new water scrubbing unit was developed and tested using a statistical approach. The study focused on two key parameters: water flow rate and sampling time, which affect tar yield. Central Composite Design was used to optimize and understand how these parameters influence the results. The analysis showed that increasing the water flow rate and reducing the sampling time led to lower tar content. Optimal results were achieved with a water flow rate of 80 l/min and a sampling time of 10 min, producing minimal tar compared to other experimental setups. The developed tar scrubbing unit reduced tar content by up to 67%. Statistical analysis of variance revealed that the water flow rate significantly influenced tar reduction in syngas across all trials examined in this study. This reduction is crucial for enhancing the fuel value of syngas, underscoring its potential for diverse applications. In conclusion, this tar reduction unit effectively reduces tar in syngas from small and medium-sized gasifier plants, which helps improve fuel quality.
Excitation Spillover from PSII to PSI in Leaves at 77K
Authors: Terashima Ichiro , Oguchi Riichi , Atsuzawa Kimie , Kaneko Yasuko , Kono Masaru 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Heterogeneous distribution of PSI and PSII in thick grana in shade chloroplasts is argued to hinder spillover of chlorophyll excitations from PSII to PSI. To examine this dogma, we measured fluorescence induction at 77K at 690 nm (PSII) and 760 nm (mostly PSI) in the leaf discs of Spinacia oleracea, Cucumis sativus and shade tolerant Alocasia odora, grown at high and low light, and quantified their spillover capacities. PSI fluorescence (FI) consists of the intrinsic PSI fluorescence (FIα) and fluorescence caused by excitations spilt over from PSII (FIβ). When FI and FII parameters between State 1 and State 2, induced by weak far-red and blue light, were compared, PSII maximum fluorescence (FIIm) and FIβ were greater, and FIα was smaller in State 1 and thereby the spillover ratio, FIβ/(FIα+FIβ), was greater in State 1. When non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was induced, the spillover ratio decreased. Since analyses of Fv/Fm spectra tentatively suggested that about 15% of Fm at 760 nm was from PSII, all data were corrected accordingly. Even after the correction, the spillover ratio in FIm in State 1 ranged from 16 to 28%. The spillover ratios did not greatly differ between the species or growth light levels. Although extensive grana in low light grown plants would suggest that PSII and PSI are too separated for spillover, the ratios of non-appressed thylakoid membranes/total thylakoid membranes in A. odora chloroplasts were little affected by growth light and more than 40%. Abundant non-appressed thylakoids and margins of appressed-thylakoids would enable efficient spillover. (250 words)