bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of School Teachers Regarding Dental Trauma and its Emergency Management in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Questionnaire-Based Online Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Alharbi Ziyad F. , Habibullah Mohammed Ali 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a common occurrence in the general population, and they are one of the most severe dental public health issues among children.

Aim:
This cross-sectional study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of school teachers in Madinah, Saudi Arabia, regarding dental trauma and its emergency management.

Material and Methods:
This cross-sectional study included teachers of elementary and middle schools both male and female in Madinah. Each teacher received a study questionnaire and was briefed about the procedure of filling it. The questionnaire contained 17 questions which are related to the knowledge, attitude, and practices relating to TDIs.

Results:
A total of 294 teachers participated in the present study, which includes 163 males (55.4%) and 131 females (44.6%). When we asked the respondents if an avulsed tooth may be replanted, 49.7% answered in the positive and men show more awareness compared to women. When questioned regarding the storage media, 31.3% of participants said they will store the tooth in a cloth or tissue which was the wrong answer and 60.9% of males and 39.1% of females were unaware of appropriate storage media. A percentage of 68.4 of the teachers were not willing to replant a knocked-out tooth (tooth avulsion), 59.7% of these were males, and 40.3% were females. A percentage of 59.2 of participants consider that the dental trauma is an emergency situation, while 25.9% did not consider it as an emergency situation and 15% were not aware of the same.

Conclusion:
The majority of the participants were not aware of dental trauma and its emergency management. Children indulge in contact sports and play at schools posing the risk for a significant amount of dental trauma. Affirmative action from teachers is critical for successful treatment outcomes.
Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Unilateral Amblyopia and Comparison between Anisometropic and Strabismic Amblyopia: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Arora Priyanka , Goyal Ashima , Mahapatra Madhushmita , Arora Kamaldeep , Verma Ritesh 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims and Objectives:
To determine the choroidal thickness (mainly subfoveal) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in amblyopic eyes and to compare it with the choroidal thickness (CT) of healthy fellow eyes.

Materials and Methods:
In this prospective study, 140 eyes of 70 patients (aged 5–40 years) with strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia were examined using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) mode in SD-OCT. The CT was measured directly below the fovea and six other locations: 500 μ, 1000 μ, and 1500 μ from fovea in both nasal and temporal quadrants.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 22.5 ± 11.2 years. The mean Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) in the amblyopic eyes was 0.87 ± 0.47 logMAR and 0 ± 0.02 logMAR in control eyes. The average subfoveal CT was 341.73 ± 60.39 μm in the amblyopic eyes and 314.77 ± 48.12 μm in the fellow eyes. Subgroup analysis showed that the patients with anisometropic amblyopia had a significantly thicker choroid as compared to the fellow healthy eyes (P = 0.00), whereas in strabismic amblyopic eyes, this difference was not significantly significant (P = 0.064).

Conclusion:
Significant choroidal thickening was observed in subjects with amblyopia, which may contribute to the amblyopia pathogenesis and this could be used as a diagnostic parameter for amblyopia. These changes were more pronounced in patients with anisometropic amblyopia than strabismic amblyopia.
In vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Flowable Hyaluronic Acid–Acellular Stromal Vascular Fraction (HA–aSVF) Mixture for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Mohan Sunil Paramel , Palaniappan Arunkumar , Nawaz M. Khaja Khalid , Kripamol R. , Seenuvasan R. , Kumar P. R. Anil 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is an aqueous fraction isolated from the adipose tissue that constitutes different kinds of cells and extracellular matrix components. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polysaccharide in vertebrate tissues and is considered a potential tissue engineering scaffold due to its biocompatible nature. In this study, we have evaluated the cytotoxicity of xenofree HA in combination with an acellular component of adipose SVF (HA–aSVF) to propose it as a candidate biomaterial for future applications.

Materials and Methods:
3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay of L-929 cells treated with HA–aSVF was used in our study. Data were normalized to cell control (untreated) and extracts of copper and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene were used as positive (PC) and negative controls (NC).

Results:
Fibroblast cells retained the morphology after 24 h of treatment with HA–aSVF mixture and exhibited a similar percentage of cell activity compared to NC. PC showed a positive cytotoxic response as expected. The cells incubated with HA–aSVF showed a linear increase in cell activity indicating proliferation.

Conclusion:
The mixture of HA and acellular SVF in its flowable form is non-cytotoxic and showed improved cell proliferation. Hence the mixture can be proposed as a biomaterial and can be further explored for specific tissue engineering applications.
Evaluation of the Outcome of Osteoarthritis among Patients Undergoing Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Singal Shekhar , Gupta Sunny , Garg Rajnish , Kumar Pankaj 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
To assess the outcome of osteoarthritis among patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR).

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and four subjects with one hundred and fifty-two cemented total knee arthroplasties have been analyzed in the current research. Functional assessment was carried out using the preoperative and postoperative Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) score and its five subscales: pain, other symptoms, function in activity of daily living (ADL), function in sport and recreation (Sport/Rec), and knee-related quality of life (QOL).

Results:
A significant improvement in the KOOS symptom score was seen with score grade changing to excellent from poor. The average postoperative KOOS symptom score occurred to be 89.9198, whereas the mean preoperative KOOS score was 30.7960 with a mean difference of 59.02385. The mean postoperative KOOS pain score was 94.6304 and the mean preoperative KOOS score was 18.4831 with a mean difference of 76.14731. A significant improvement in the KOOS pain score was seen with score grade changing to excellent from poor. Sixty patients of 104 (57.7%) had an excellent satisfaction level with a postoperative range of motion, twenty-eight patients (26.9%) had a good, eleven patients (10.6%) had a fair, and five patients (4.8%) had a poor satisfaction level with a postoperative range of motion.

Conclusion:
Surgery for a TKR is successful in reducing individuals’ pain and restoring their functional ability. Preoperative expectations and KOOS subscale scores are factors in patients’ satisfaction, which is determined a year following surgery.
Evaluation of Bone Graft (Hydroxyapatite + Platelet-Rich Plasma) Alone and in Combination with Diode Laser in Management of Infrabony Defect
Authors: Satpathy Soumyadev , Gupta Jyothi , Tenglikar Pavan , Kanapathy Rosaish , Shah Dipanshu , Parihar Anuj Singh , Ramaiah Vardharajula Venkata 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The current study looked at how well bone graft (hydroxyapatite + platelet-rich plasma (PRP)) and a diode laser treated infrabony defects.

Materials and Method:
Twenty patients with bilateral infrabony deficiency were treated in a split-moth evaluation with bone graft (hydroxyapatite + PRP) alone (group I) (control) and bone graft combined with a diode laser (group II) (test). Clinical and radiologic measures such as the relative clinical attachment level (RCAL), probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded at baseline, 3 months later, and 6 months later in all patients.

Result:
At the 6-month follow-up, there was a decline in the plaque index, probing depth, gingival index, and relative clinical attachment level.

Conclusion:
When compared across groups, the intrabony pocket was significantly reduced with either the bone graft (hydroxyapatite + PRP) or in conjunction with the laser.
Correlation of the Stature with Arch and Chord Dimensions in Young Subjects using Carrea’s Index- An Anthropometric Study
Authors: Anand Kumar , Kedia Neal B. , Kumari Neha , Kumar Vishal , Rani Khushboo , Soni Prerna 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Forensic identifications have utilized the height or stature of an individual in their field. Teeth and dentition can act as reliable tools to estimate the stature in cases where the only skull is presented as evidence. The Carrea’s index assesses the stature in a subject from the lower anterior teeth dimensions.

Aim:
The present study was aimed to judge the reliability of Carrea’s index in Indian subjects.

Materials and Methods:
From 80 subjects who were undergraduate students, plaster models were made and each was assessed individually making 160 hemiarches. These hemiarches were divided based on the teeth alignment into normal, diastema, and crowded forms. This was followed by measurement with a vernier caliper into chord and arch.

Results:
In both genders, the difference seen was statistically significant between dental arch types concerning various alignments with 95.23% and 83.75% success for males and females in normal dentition and 92.30% and 85.71% in crowded dentition. Also, a significant difference was seen for the type of arch with P ≤ 0.001 and 0.003, respectively. Lesser success was seen for spacing in both the genders and arches.

Conclusion:
The present study concludes that Carrea’s index is a dependable and efficient tool for estimating height in subjects having arches with crowded and normal dentition which is functional for both the gender on the left and right side of the dental arches. However, in hemiarches with diastema, this method is not reliable.
Revealing the Effect of Impacted Canines on the Adjacent Teeth. A Three Dimensional Study Using CBCT
Authors: Alshawy Ebrahim S. , Kolarkodi Shaul H. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The current cross-sectional study aimed to assess the relationship between impacted maxillary canines and their effect on root resorption of neighboring teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
The study evaluated the effect of 24 impacted maxillary canines on the adjacent tooth roots. We used a CBCT to evaluate the position and size of the dental follicle of impacted maxillary canines and the severity of root resorption on adjacent teeth. We used a t-test to compare the significant differences between the width of the dental follicle and the severity of root resorption. The inter- and intra-rater agreements were assessed.

Results:
A number of 12 impacted canines had resorbed the roots of adjacent teeth. Lateral incisors were most affected (83.3%), followed by central incisors (16.7%). Mild root resorption was found in 10 cases, while severe resorption was found in two cases. We found no relation between the size of the dental follicle and the degree of root resorption. The inter- and intra-rater agreements were high.

Conclusion:
In cases with maxillary impacted canines, special consideration should be directed to the roots of the maxillary lateral incisors. Our findings could not confirm any relationship between the size of the dental follicle width of the maxillary impacted canines and the degree of root resorption of the adjacent incisors. More studies are needed to assess the proximity and path of eruption of impacted maxillary canines and their effect on the neighboring teeth.
Healing of Peri-Implant Tissue following Flapless Implant Surgery
Authors: Bagde Hiroj , Pawar Sangeeta K. , Hotchandani Kamal , Malik Nida , Awasthi Vijaya , Patil Mohit V. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Flapless surgery for implant placement has been gaining popularity among implant surgeons. it has numerous advantages, including preservation of circulation, decreased surgical time; improved patient comfort; and accelerated recuperation.

Materials and Methods:
As a part of the study to evaluate crestal bone loss changes after placement of implant using the flapless technique, we placed twenty endosseous implants. Access was achieved to the crestal bone using a tissue punch. Clinical and radiographic analyses were performed second and fourth months after placement of the implant. Postoperative pain was measured by the visual analog scale at the 4th, 8th, and 24th hour.

Results:
The findings of the present study demonstrate that the average crestal bone loss around the implant at 4 months using the flapless technique was 0.19 mm. No implants failed to osseointegrate, and no implants exhibited bone loss greater than 0.5 mm in the first four months. This present study shows significantly less postoperative pain in the flapless technique of implant placement.

Conclusion:
The flapless approach is a predictable procedure when patient selection and surgical technique are appropriate.
Evaluation of Different Decalcification Agents on Extracted Tooth: A Comparative Study
Authors: Umbare Dhiraj Kumar K. , Patil Rahul , Sabnis Saurabh , Yadav Renu , Satdive Sushant B. , Kandalkar Sachin S. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The pulp is the most negatively impacted tissue during decalcification since it comprises the soft tissue components. The most effective decalcifying agent would be safest for cells and tissues while yet removing all traces of calcium. It has to get the job done quickly and have good staining properties.

Aim and Objective:
The goal of this research was to identify the most effective decalcifying agent for diagnostic purposes via a qualitative investigation of tissue preservation and a comparison of the efficiency of several decalcifying agents on human permanent teeth, covering both hard and soft tissue components.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty premolars from people aged 14 to 30 who needed them pulled for orthodontics were included in the research. Participants in the research were divided into five groups of ten. Group A, Group B, Group C, Group D, and Group E make up the total of five groups. In this investigation, we compared the efficiency of five decalcifying chemicals and analyzed their staining patterns and effects on tooth tissue. Fifty premolar teeth from participants aged 14–30 years old were removed for orthodontic therapy. For the research, they were split up into five groups of ten. Group A contains 5% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Group B contains 10% formic acid, Group C contains 5% Trichoraticectic acid, Group D contains 5% nitric acid, and Group E contains 5% formalin-nitric acid.

Result:
Regardless of the specifics of the chosen decalcification solution, all procedures benefit from the inclusion of external stimuli. None of the variables were used in the current investigation; it was conducted only to compare various decalcifying chemicals.

Conclusion:
When time is not a concern, neutral EDTA may be recommended for preservation and presentation because of its ability to maintain soft-tissue integrity and provide high-quality staining. The formalin-nitric acid solution was one agent that appeared to strike a good compromise between speed and tissue preservation.
Comparison of Post-Operative Complications in Oral Cancer Treated with and without Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Sarma Mridul Kumar , Missong Ajit K. , Sharma Moitrayee , Debnath Asim , Mahanta Neelakshi , Choudhury Mrinmoy M. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of the present study was to compare the treatment outcome in oral cancer cases treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and upfront surgery in localized advance disease.

Materials and Methods:
A randomized, prospective study was conducted in 20 cases. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A was taken up for upfront surgery and group B was taken up for surgery after two to three cycles of NACT based on patients’ response, performance, and compliance.

Results:
Neither group showed statistically significant differences in clinical characteristics. In the present study, satisfactory outcomes were seen in nine patients belonging to NACT group and eight patients of non-NACT group had satisfactory outcomes after surgery, which were found to be statistically significant (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
NACT may be considered as a treatment option for oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, particularly those with locally advanced tumors. Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings in patients.
A Comparative Study of Pain in Patients Planned for Tooth Extraction and Dental Implant Insertion
Authors: Kumar Bineet , Kumar Rahul , Barui Asish K. , Kalpana Kumari , Suman Shashi S. , Shrivastava Namita 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
A variation in dental pain following tooth extraction and implant placement has been observed. The present study aimed to compare pain in patients undergoing tooth extraction and implant placement.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty-four patients underwent tooth extraction and implant placement in maxillary central incisor. Pain (VAS) was recorded at 24 h, 24 h, and 48 h.

Results:
The mean pain value (VAS) at 24 h post-operatively after tooth extraction was 6.1 and after implant insertion was 2.9. At 48 h after tooth extraction was 4.3 and after implant insertion was 1.1 and after 72 h after tooth extraction was 2.4 and after implant insertion was 0.27. A significant difference was observed between both procedures at different intervals of time (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The pain experienced by patients during dental implant insertion was comparatively less as compared to dental tooth extraction.
Evaluation of Peri-Implant Parameters and C-Reactive Protein Levels among Patients with Different Obesity Levels
Authors: Mehta Raghav , Sharma Peeyush , Joshi Ila , Sharma Arjun K. , Srivastava Smriti , Gupta Kanishk 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Assessment of correlation between peri-implant parameters and C-reactive protein levels among patients with different obesity levels.

Materials and Methods:
Evaluation of 60 subjects was performed who were scheduled to undergo dental implant therapy for missing mandibular first molars. Three study cohorts were formed, namely, Group A: obese group (BMI between 30 Kg/m2 and 34.9 Kg/m2), Group B: high obese group (BMI over 34.9 Kg/m2), and Group C: non-obese group (BMI under 25 Kg/m2). Each cohort comprised 20 subjects. Dental implant therapy was carried out in all the patients. Peri-implant variables were evaluated in all the patients. Blood samples were obtained, and C-reactive protein levels in subjects having different obesity levels. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results:
Mean serum C-reactive protein levels among patients of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 3.28 mg/L, 3.65 g/L, and 3.61 g/L, respectively. On comparing numerically, noticeable outcomes were achieved. Mean probing depth among subjects of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 2.9 mm, 3.2 mm, and 1.3 mm, respectively. Mean marginal bone loss among subjects of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 2.1 mm, 2.7 mm, and 0.8 mm, respectively. On comparing numerically, noteworthy outcomes were gathered.

Conclusion:
There were significantly higher deranged peri-implant inflammatory variables among patients with higher levels of obesity.
Assessment of Periodontal Health Status among the Male Adult Population with a Dual Habit of Smoking and Gutkha Chewing: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Amaranath BJ Janardhana , Gupta Shruti , Kumar Shravan , Das Neelam , Gupta Ira , Pratik Shashwat 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTAims and Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal health status in subjects having dual habits of smoking and gutkha chewing among the male population of Kanpur City, Central Uttar Pradesh (UP).Materials and Methods:A total number of 500 male subjects were included, divided into three study groups: group I—164 subjects with a dual habit of smoking and gutkha chewing, group II— 170 gutkha chewers, and group III—166 smokers. Case history, clinical examination, and the following clinical parameters were recorded—oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), bleeding index, clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession, and furcation involvement.Result:In this study, the proportion of severe CAL was maximum in dual habit (78%) followed by smokers (70.5%) and then gutkha chewers (40.0%). A significant difference was observed in the proportion of CAL status between smokers, gutkha, and dual habit cases (P< 0.001). The result revealed that the dual habit group had more severe periodontal disease than smokers and gutkha chewers.Conclusion:Overall, it was concluded that periodontal health status was found to be very poor in both smokers and gutkha chewers, but the subjects in the dual habit group were found to have extremely poor periodontal health status.
Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets to Temporary Crowns: In vitro Effects of Surface Treatment
Authors: Kedia Neal B. , Bangar Bhushan , Rao Srerama Janardhana , Swarup Siddharth , Singh Deepak , Chikhalia Drashti K. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
To evaluate bond strength of orthodontic brackets to temporary crowns.

Materials and Methods:
A bis-acrylic composite was used to create a total of 25 discs, which were then divided into five groups based on how their surfaces were treated with black, blue, green, and sandblasted diamond burs, in addition to a control group. Software called SPSS was used to analyze the outcome.

Results:
The average pressures measured for the green bur, black bur, and sandblasting, respectively, were 12.05 MPa, 12.87 MPa, and 19.25 MPa. Comparing the control and blue groups, a substantial variation in shear bond strength was only noticed with reference to sandblasting.

Conclusion:
The binding strength of orthodontic brackets is increased by sandblasting temporary crowns.
Patient Satisfaction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life before and after Endodontic Treatment: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Jaiswal Aditi , Zaveri Mahek , Unjia Alay , Shah Swasti , Langaliya Akshayraj Kantilal , Kumar Santosh 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Patient satisfaction depends on various factors despite a reasonable success rate of endodontic treatment. We study various factors affecting the quality of life and patient satisfaction post-endodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:
After the successful endodontic treatment of 250 patients, a questionnaire with means of an interview by the examiner was carried out and recorded.

Results:
The majority of the patients were satisfied. Mean oral health quality was more satisfactory post one-month study. Oral health quality among anterior and posterior was not significant. Oral health quality among the upper and lower jaw was not significant. Oral health quality among males and females was not significant.

Conclusion:
A concrete relationship exists between the diseased state and its treatment on quality of life.