bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilizing Schottky‐to‐Ohmic Switching in HfO2‐Based Ferroelectric Films via Electrode Design
Authors: Müller Moritz L. , Strkalj Nives , Becker Maximilian T. , Hill Megan O. , Kim Ji Soo , Phuyal Dibya , Fairclough Simon M. , Ducati Caterina , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe discovery of ferroelectric phases in HfO2‐based films has reignited interest in ferroelectrics and their application in resistive switching (RS) devices. This study investigates the pivotal role of electrodes in facilitating the Schottky‐to‐Ohmic transition (SOT) observed in devices consisting of ultrathin epitaxial ferroelectric Hf0.93Y0.07O2 (YHO) films deposited on La0.67Sr0.33MnO3‐buffered Nb‐doped SrTiO3 (NbSTO|LSMO) with Ti|Au top electrodes. These findings indicate combined filamentary RS and ferroelectric switching occurs in devices with designed electrodes, having an ON/OFF ratio of over 100 during about 105 cycles. Transport measurements of modified device stacks show no change in SOT when the ferroelectric YHO layer is replaced with an equivalent hafnia‐based layer, Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO). However, incomplete SOT is observed for variations in the top electrode thickness or material, as well as LSMO electrode thickness. This underscores the importance of employing oxygen‐reactive electrodes and a bottom electrode with reduced conductivity to stabilize SOT. These findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the performance of ferroelectric RS devices through integration with filamentary RS mechanism.
Exosome‐Mediated Lectin Pathway and Resistin‐MIF‐AA Metabolism Axis Drive Immune Dysfunction in Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Li Jin , Wang Xiaoqian , Chen Yaoyao , Sun Xianlei , Fu Liyan , Xin Qingxuan , Zhang Huilin , Qin Bo , Sun Nannan , Li Yingmei , Xu Yan , Yang Hui , Huo Dawei , Dong Yong , Wang Shuya , Zhao Mengyun , Lin Quande , Wang Fang , Yue Baohong , Gao Yanxia , Jiang Yong , Guo Rongqun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by reduced platelet levels and heightened susceptibility to bleeding resulting from augmented autologous platelet destruction and diminished thrombopoiesis. Although antibody‐mediated autoimmune reactions are widely recognized as primary factors, the precise etiological agents that trigger ITP remain unidentified. The pathogenesis of ITP remains unclear owing to the absence of comprehensive high‐throughput data, except for the belated emergence of autoreactive antibodies. In this study, using flow cytometry (FCM), proteomics, and single‐cell RNA sequencing of samples from patients with ITP, it is shown that exosome‐mediated lectin complement pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of ITP, which triggers and enlarges the complement activation cascade without effective regulation because of downregulated CD55. The activated complement system enhances the immune response and resistin and further Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) triggers several proinflammatory signaling pathways, which contribute to the survival of hyperactivated immune cells and dysfunctional arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. The resistin and MIF are also identified as potential contributors to resistance to glucocorticoid therapy. Taken together, the findings indicate that the lectin pathway of the complement system, resistin, MIF, and AA metabolism may serve as promising targets for ITP treatment, offering novel perspectives on potential therapeutic interventions.
Polymeric Layered Films for TiO2‐Au/CuS Tandem Photothermal Catalytic H2 Production in Harsh Seawater and Waste Plastic Media
Authors: Gao Minmin , Zhang Tianxi , Ng Serene Wen Ling , Lu Wanheng , Tian Guo , Ong Wei Li , Kozlov Sergey M. , Ho Ghim Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConventional suspension photocatalysts face stability and efficiency challenges in harsh, unconditioned environments characterized by high alkalinity, salinity, and organic species in seawater and wastewater. Moreover, suspension‐based photothermal‐assisted catalysis presents further challenges, particularly concerning formation of heterojunctions between photocatalysts and photothermal materials that disrupt charge‐transfer pathways and are exacerbated by photothermal heating‐induced carrier recombination. Here, a photocatalytic system is proposed in which three key photoprocesses: photothermal, photogeneration‐charge separation, and photoredox are spatially decoupled yet coordinated, aimed at addressing prevalent challenges of photothermal‐assisted catalysis and adsorption‐mediated catalyst deactivation in harsh environments. Essentially, the proposed polymeric tandem photothermal catalytic (PTPC) film consists of TiO2/Au photocatalytic and CuS photothermal layers, spatially separated and encapsulated by polymeric layers, which serve as spacer inhibitors to conflicting photochemical‐photothermal pathways and corrosion‐resistant redox medium. The PTPC film exhibits enhanced light absorption, mass transfer, and photothermal effect, surpassing traditional suspension catalysts and enabling interfacial redox reactions on the passive film surface. The PTPC system represents a new paradigm of polymeric film photocatalysis, enabling unimpeded photoredox‐photothermal pathways and catalyst stability for application in hostile seawater and plastic waste environments. Such a paradigm can be used to develop localized, onsite solutions for photothermal H2 production that minimize logistical and environmental challenges.
Minimizing DMSO Residues in Perovskite Films for Efficient and Long‐Term Stable Solar Cells
Authors: Mo Kangwei , Zhu Xueliang , Yang Man , Xue Zexu , Li Sheng , li Mubai , Yang Yujie , Cheng Siyang , Li Hao , Lin Qianqian , Wang Zhiping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is commonly used as a solvent in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. However, its strong coordination with iodoplumbate makes it difficult to remove during film formation, resulting in defects and voids at the perovskite‐substrate interface, which compromise efficiency and long‐term stability. Here ethyl acrylate (EA), an unsaturated monomer that aids in the effective removal of DMSO from the perovskite film is introduce. EA forms a complex with DMSO, facilitates DMSO de‐intercalation, and enhances the co‐evaporation process thanks to its low boiling point. Additionally, by incorporating a small amount of the initiator azobis (isobutyronitrile) (AIBN), EA is successfully polymerized into polyacrylate ethyl ester (poly‐EA) during crystallization. The evaporated EA helps remove DMSO, while the poly‐EA passivates defects in the perovskite films. This dual‐function strategy significantly improves device performance, resulting in efficiencies of 25.4% for small‐area devices and 20.3% for 15 cm2 mini‐modules. Moreover, poly‐EA acts as a protective barrier against moisture and ion migration. Combined with improved DMSO removal, EA‐modulated devices demonstrate a T80 lifetime of up to 1800 h under maximum power point tracking at 55–60% relative humidity in ambient air.
From home to community: The role of parenting and religious identity in Muslim American emerging adults' civic engagement
Authors: Sanver‐Gürsoy Hatice , Cho Hyun Su , Cheah Charissa S. L. , Balkaya‐Ince Merve 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study expanded on the existing literature by examining the unique associations between maternal religious socialization, as a form of cultural socialization, along with civic socialization practices, and Muslim American emerging adults' civic engagement. In addition, the mediating role of Muslim American emerging adults' religious identity in the association between maternal socialization practices and their civic attitudes and behaviors were assessed. Participants included 329 self‐identified Muslim American emerging adults (Mage = 21.4, SDage = 1.9, 63% female). Path analysis results revealed indirect associations between maternal religious socialization and civic behaviors through religious identity private regard and a direct link between maternal civic socialization and civic attitudes. Thus, Muslim American emerging adults whose mothers engaged in transmitting their heritage values, beliefs, and virtues reported a greater sense of pride about their religious group and subsequent higher engagement in informal helping and lower engagement in political actions. Additionally, discussions about social and political issues with their mothers directly fostered Muslim American emerging adults' civic responsibility. Our findings revealed specificity in how civic engagement can be promoted and provided insights into efforts to build civic capacity for minoritized emerging adults.
A Self‐Supporting Flexible Electrode for Tracking and Reversible Quantification of Mg2+ and Ca2+ in the Brains of Freely Behaving Animal
Authors: Wang Shidi , Liu Yuandong , Peng Lin‐chun , Duan Wei , Shu Yousheng , Tian Yang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMonitoring dynamic neurochemical signals in the brain of free‐moving animals remains great challenging in biocompatibility and direct implantation capability of current electrodes. Here we created a self‐supporting polymer‐based flexible microelectrode (rGPF) with sufficient bending stiffness for direct brain implantation without extra devices, but demonstrating low Young's modulus with remarkable biocompatibility and minimal position shifts. Meanwhile, screening by density functional theory (DFT) calculation, we designed and synthesized specific ligands targeting Mg2+ and Ca2+, and constructed Mg−E and Ca−E sensors with high selectivity, good reversibility, and fast response time, successfully monitoring Mg2+ and Ca2+ in vivo up to 90 days. Using this powerful tool, we discovered for the first time that, during the 4‐aminopyridine‐induced seizure in the live brain, extracellular Mg2+ inhibited Ca2+ influx. Moreover, the timing of initial changes in Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels during seizures aligned with neural pathways, which had not been previously reported.
Matrix expression of Myerson Value
Authors: Wang Fei , Feng Jun‐e , Wang Biao , Meng Qingchun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper explores the matrix expression of the Myerson value, a variant of the Shapley value within a class of cooperative games subject to graph constraints. A systematic and comprehensive matrix framework is proposed, encompassing the characteristic function of cooperative games, the worths of coalitions in graph‐restricted games, and the axioms governing the Myerson value. Utilizing this framework, the paper offers a rigorous reproof validating the satisfaction of the two axioms by the Myerson value and establishes its uniqueness within the context of matrix representation. Additionally, a novel formula is presented for computing the Shapley value through matrix construction, simplifying the computational process compared to the previous matrix formulations. Finally, the provided formula is applied to calculate the Myerson value of a supply chain.
Psychological capital and individual performance via social capital
Authors: Jeong Jaeyun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study analyzes survey data from front‐line employees across three shopping malls in Myanmar to investigate the mediating role of social capital in the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and individual performance. Social capital was measured using the in‐degree centrality of two types of social networks: expressive (i.e., friendship) and instrumental (i.e., advice) networks. The findings indicate that the instrumental network partially mediates the relationship between PsyCap and individual performance, but the expressive network does not. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of the utility and limitations of social exchange theory, with particular focus on the relationship between PsyCap and the expressive network.
Learning to discuss inductive effects across mechanisms – new learning opportunity to foster networked mechanistic argumentation in teacher training
Authors: Zimmermann Marc , Reiß Philipp , Schween Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag wird eine Lerngelegenheit für Chemiestudierende des gymnasialen Lehramts vorgestellt, die aus einem experimentellen Workshop und zusätzlichen theoretischen Aufgaben (direkt im Anschluss und vier Wochen später) bestand. Inhaltlich verknüpft sind alle Bestandteile der Lerngelegenheit über das Konzept des induktiven Effekts (bzw. der Hyperkonjugation) sowie die Deutung der experimentell beobachtbaren Reaktionskinetik mittels energetischer Betrachtungen der reaktiven Zwischenstufen. Die Auswertung der videographierten und transkribierten Deutungs‐ und Erklärungsversuche mitsamt der dabei angefertigten Diagramme zu energetischen Deutungen legt nahe, dass die Lerngelegenheit gut geeignet ist, Konzeptwissen gegenstandsübergreifend anzuwenden und mechanistische Überlegungen mit Energiebetrachtungen zu verknüpfen. In allen ausgewerteten Zweiergesprächen, die wesentlicher Bestandteil der Lerngelegenheit sind, zeigte sich eine Diskussionskultur mit durchgehend hoher kommunikativer Qualität, indem die Proband:innen unter Anwendung ihres Vorwissens und Nutzung der experimentellen Beobachtungen widerspruchsfreie Konsenslösungen erarbeiteten.
Miniscope Imaging of Nucleus Accumbens Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats: Virus Injection, Gradient Index Lens Implantation, Recording Strategies, and Analytical Methods
Authors: Beacher Nicholas J. , Wang Michael W. , Broomer Matthew C. , Kuo Jessica Y. , Washington Kayden A. , Targum Miranda , Zhang Yan , Barbera Giovanni , Lin Da‐Ting 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn vivo calcium imaging in freely moving rats using miniscopes provides valuable information about the neural mechanisms of behavior in real time. A gradient index (GRIN) lens can be implanted in deep brain structures to relay activity from single neurons. While such procedures have been successful in mice, few reports provide detailed procedures for successful surgery and long‐term imaging in rats, which are better suited for studying complex human behaviors. We present a robotic surgical protocol for same‐day virus injection and GRIN lens implantation into the rat nucleus accumbens core. Our procedure utilizes a direct lens insertion without tissue aspiration and produces quality image retention for months of recording. We also describe daily recording strategies to minimize damage and promote long‐term imaging. Finally, we present custom protective strategies to eliminate the need to remove miniscopes between sessions. This methodology protects rats from repeated isoflurane exposure and ensures a consistent focal plane for the entirety of the experiment. © 2025 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: CraniotomyBasic Protocol 2: Virus injectionBasic Protocol 3: GRIN lens implantationBasic Protocol 4: Baseplate mounting and assessment of the anesthetized ratBasic Protocol 5: Assessment of the awake, behaving ratSupport Protocol 1: Protective miniscope cone fabricationSupport Protocol 2: Miniscope cable fabrication
Don't you forget about me! Concepts missing from policy process frameworks when applied to Europe
Authors: Zohlnhöfer Reimut , Herweg Nicole 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMost policy process frameworks were developed in the US but are also applied to (Western) Europe. However, policy processes, the relevant actors, and the institutional setting differ substantially. Hence, the question arises if certain concepts that are important in the European context are missing from the frameworks and if the frameworks have been adapted to take these concepts into account. We discuss the three frameworks most widely applied to Europe, the Advocacy Coalition Framework, the Multiple Streams Framework, and the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory, and focus on three concepts that seem particularly relevant in shaping European policy processes, namely political parties, macro‐level institutions, and Europeanization. It turns out that all three frameworks have something to say about all three concepts, although some voids remain. Nonetheless, the adaptations that have been suggested make all three frameworks applicable to European countries and promise substantial explanatory capacity also in these contexts.
Coupling Coefficient‐Based Damage Evaluation Method of Precast Unbonded Post‐Tensioned (UPT) Shear Wall Structures
Authors: Shen Shao‐Dong , Gu Anqi , Kurata Masahiro , Huang Jiantao , Xie Jin‐Zhe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis research presents a damage evaluation method proposed for structures with precast unbonded post‐tensioned (UPT) shear walls using the concept of coupling coefficient. The proposed method considers the damage mechanism of the entire structure with damaged UPT shear walls, including the detachment of wall bases, yielding of dampers and UPT bars, yielding of beams or columns, concrete crushing, and so on. The contributions of frames and walls to structural seismic performance can be estimated separately by introducing wall and structure damage parameters. An accidental torsion parameter was proposed to reflect out‐of‐plane structural rotation. A two‐story, low‐damage concrete shear wall building designed for large‐scale shaking‐table testing is adopted as a benchmark structure to verify the proposed method. First, a three‐dimensional finite element model of the benchmark structure was constructed, and the damage and accidental torsion parameter curves were derived using static analysis. Limit values of the damage parameters for the design and collapse limit states are obtained from the parameter curves calculated by simulation and the proposed equations, respectively. Then, incremental dynamic analysis with bidirectional ground motion inputs was conducted to check the damage evaluation performance at various damage levels and compare with conventional evaluation method based on the inter‐story drift. The proposed method is validated to be systematic, detailed, and sensitive to damage.
Hot‐Particle Ignition of Typical Fuels in the Wildland‐Urban Interface and Subsequent Fire Behaviors
Authors: Wang Kaifeng , Wang Supan , Huang Xinyan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe hot‐particle ignition is a common cause of wildland and building fires. This study investigates the ignition of three typical fuels (straw, pine needles, and cotton) in the wildland‐urban interface (WUI) by a hot metal particle of different temperatures and void ratios. In the absence of wind, the ignition of cotton is the easiest, where a flame occurs directly without clear smoldering. As the particle becomes hollow, the required minimum particle temperature for igniting cotton becomes smaller, because of a longer contact time between particle and fuel surface. Once ignited, the flaming of cotton is the weakest, with a mass loss of less than 25% because of an intensive charring. The burning of straw and pine needles is intense, with a large flame height and very little residue. Materials with finer and thinner structure like cotton are easy to initiate a flame by a hot particle while hard to sustain smoldering ignition. The hollow‐structure or large‐porosity materials like straw are prone to smoldering ignition under a weaker spot heating source. The fast‐cooling void particles cannot induce a smoldering ignition of all three WUI fuels, because smoldering ignition requires a longer effective heating duration. This study helps understand the ignition propensity of WUI fuels by a hot particle and the subsequent flame‐spread and burning process, which supports the fire protection design for WUI communities.
Exchange Rate Policies and USA–China Trade Balance
Authors: Bertsatos Georgios , Tsounis Nicholas , Agiomirgianakis George 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe investigate the effects of the real exchange rate on the trade balance between the USA and China by using a median threshold in non‐linear modelling, controlling for several factors. Non‐linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) models are estimated with zero threshold, as well as with median threshold, and this is the first time in the USA–China literature of balance of trade. Quarterly data are employed, and the examined sample covers the period 1995–2023. It appears that the threshold choice matters when it comes to policy implications. Specifically, NARDL with the conventional zero‐threshold analysis could lead to misleading policy proposals, especially when there are strongly unequal probabilities in the USD appreciation and depreciation regime. In our case, the traditional analysis based on zero threshold leads to diametrically opposite policy suggestions of what the alternative methodology of median threshold would suggest. We find that a nominal USD appreciation suggests a perpetual improvement of the US trade balance, and such an improvement could be further magnified if the US prices increase more rapidly than China's prices (e.g., as in the period from 2020 onwards). Evidence also shows that the US balance of trade could be temporarily benefitted by medium or large USD depreciations in real terms, and such an improvement could be notably facilitated when the US–China prices’ differential is downward sloping (e.g., as in the 2006–2019 period).
Gluten‐free diet during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Reijonen Johanna Kristiina , Tihtonen Kati Maaria Hannele , Luukkaala Tiina Hannele , Uotila Jukka Tapio 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveA gluten‐free diet (GFD) is becoming increasingly popular, especially among young females, and including those without diagnosed celiac disease (CD). Whether a GFD is appropriate during pregnancy remains unclear. Our primary aim was to evaluate the association of a GFD and neonatal birthweight and incidence of large for gestational age (LGA) and small for gestational age (SGA). Secondarily, we sought associations with other obstetric outcomes.MethodsThe data was collected retrospectively from the Tampere University Hospital database. The study period was from January 2015 to April 2021. The diet information was obtained from self‐reported questionnaires. All women following a GFD were included. A total of 79 had CD and 291 followed a GFD without CD diagnosis. The latter are referred to here as people without CD avoiding gluten (PWAG). A total of 456 omnivores were randomly chosen to constitute a control group. Outcomes were analyzed by comparing gluten‐free groups to a control group.ResultsThe median birth weight was higher in the GFD group compared to the controls (3533 vs. 3440 g, P < 0.003), but the incidences of SGA or LGA did not differ between the study groups. The incidence of pregnancy complications was comparable between the groups. Induction of labor was more frequent (aOR 1.52; 95% CI: 1.12–2.08), and the duration of labor was longer (aOR1.56; 95% CI: 1.18–2.06) in the GFD group, especially among PWAG. However, no difference in the cesarean section rate were found between the groups.ConclusionIn the present retrospective cohort study, a GFD did not appear to be associated with adverse pregnancy or neonatal outcomes.