bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localization diagnosis of low back pain in a population-based study of a Japanese mountain village
Authors: Takegami Norihiko , Akeda Koji , Yamada Junichi , Fujiwara Tatsuhiko , Nishimura Akinobu , Sudo Akihiro 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
The purposes of this study were to investigate 1) the location of low back pain (LBP) and 2) the relationships between the location of LBP and the LBP intensity or the quality of life (QoL) in a population-based study.

Methods
The location of LBP was categorized into four areas using palpation: midline of the lumbar region, paravertebral muscles, upper buttock, and sacroiliac joint. The extent of LBP in the situations/positions was assessed. The relationships between the location of LBP and the extent of LBP on the QoL were statistically analyzed.

Results
174 participants (average age: 72.3 years-old) were analyzed in this study. 93 participants (53.4% of the total) who had experienced LBP in the past three months were included in the LBP-positive group. Numerical rating scale (NRS) scores of the LBP-positive group were highest in the standing position. 51.6% of the LBP-positive group had LBP at the midline of the lumbar region, 40.9% at the paravertebral muscles, 28.0% at the upper buttock, and 15.1% at the sacroiliac joint. In the standing position, NRS scores of LBP at the upper buttock were significantly higher than those at the midline of the lumbar region and the paravertebral muscles (P<0.05). The Oswestry Disability Index scores of participants who had pain at the upper buttock were significantly higher than those at the midline of the lumbar region or paravertebral muscles (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Our study was the first report to investigate the location of LBP using palpation in a population-based study. LBP localization was significantly associated with LBP intensity and LBP-related QoL.
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase inhibition arrests growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer via AMPK activation and oxidative stress
Authors: Chen Cheng , Du Pan , Zhang Zhenguo , Bao Di 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Poor outcomes in advanced gastric cancer necessitate alternative therapeutic strategies. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH), an enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation step in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, has been identified as a promising therapeutic target in many cancers. In this study, we systematically investigated the expression and function of 6-PGDH in gastric cancer. We found that 6-PGDH expression and activity were aberrantly elevated in gastric cancer tissues compared to their adjacent normal tissues. 6-PGDH knockdown using two independent shRNAs resulted in minimal 6-PGDH levels and activity, decreased growth, and enhanced gastric cancer cell sensitivity to 5-flurorouracil. However, 6-PGDH knockdown did not affect the cancer cells. Mechanistic studies showed that 6-PGDH inhibition disrupted lipid biosynthesis and redox homeostasis in gastric cancer, inhibited growth, and induced apoptosis. Notably, the in vitro findings were validated using an in vivo gastric cancer xenograft mouse model. This study established that 6-PGDH is broadly elevated in gastric cancer patients and that 6-PGDH inhibition can sensitize gastric cancer cells in response to chemotherapy.
On implementation of some systems of elementary conjunctions in the class of separating contact circuits
Authors: Krasulina Elena G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We show that the system of elementary conjunctions

Ω

n
,

2
k

=

K
0

,
…
,

K

2

k

−
1

$ \Omega_{n,2^k} = {K_0,\ldots,K_{2^{k} -1}} $

such that each conjunction depends essentially on n variables and corresponds to some codeword of a linear (n, k)-code can be implemented by a separating contact circuit of complexity at most 2
k+1 +4k(n − k) − 2. We also show that if a contact (1, 2
k
)-terminal network is separating and implements the system of elementary conjunctions

Ω

n
,

2
k

$ \Omega_{n,2^k} $

, then the number of contacts in it is at least 2
k+1 − 2.
Local limit theorem for the number of empty cells in a scheme of random equiprobable allocations
Authors: Orlov Oleg P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A classical scheme of random equiprobable allocations of n particles into N cells is considered. We find an asymptotic formula for the probability that the number of empty cells is equal to k under the condition that n, N → ∞ in such a way that n/(N − k) is bounded and separated from 1 from below.
Ökumenischer Lagebericht 2022: Freikirchen
Authors: Triebel Lothar 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Im Jahr 2022 beobachtbare Entwicklungen in Freikirchen werden zunächst anhand der Themen Ukrainekrieg, (Post-)Corona, Sexualethik und ÖRK-Vollversammlung dargestellt; dabei geht es unter anderem um Baptisten, Methodisten und Freie evangelische Gemeinden. Anschließend werden negativ wertende Medienerzeugnisse über Freikirchen analysiert. Zuletzt werden Ereignisse bei Mennoniten, Adventisten, Apostolischer Gemeinschaft, Neuapostolischer Kirche, Selbständig Evangelisch-Lutherischer Kirche und pfingstkirchlichen Pfadfinder*innen beleuchtet.
Ökumenischer Lagebericht 2022
Authors: Koy Dominik 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Kein Thema beschäftigte die christlichen Konfessionen im vergangenen Jahr mehr als die Frage nach einer passenden Friedensethik in Anbetracht des Krieges in der Ukraine. Im Wesentlichen wurde dabei verhandelt, ob und wie in das Kriegsgeschehen eingegriffen werden könnte und wie man mit kriegslegitimierenden Aussagen Kyrills I. umgehen könne. An diesen Streitpunkten der ethischen Fragestellung zeigt sich, wie sich innerhalb einer Kirche bzw. binnenkonfessionell und überkonfessionell neue Konfliktpotentiale und Risiken sowie Chancen für die ökumenischen Dialoge entwickeln.
Intensification of bioprocesses with filamentous microorganisms
Authors: Dinius Anna , Kozanecka Zuzanna J. , Hoffmann Kevin P. , Krull Rainer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Many industrial biotechnological processes use filamentous microorganisms to produce platform chemicals, proteins, enzymes and natural products. Product formation is directly linked to their cellular morphology ranging from dispersed mycelia over loose clumps to compact pellets. Therefore, the adjustment and control of the filamentous cellular morphology pose major challenges for bioprocess engineering. Depending on the filamentous strain and desired product, optimal morphological shapes for achieving high product concentrations vary. However, there are currently no overarching strain- or product-related correlations to improve process understanding of filamentous production systems. The present book chapter summarizes the extensive work conducted in recent years in the field of improving product formation and thus intensifying biotechnological processes with filamentous microorganisms. The goal is to provide prospective scientists with an extensive overview of this scientifically diverse, highly interesting field of study. In the course of this, multiple examples and ideas shall facilitate the combination of their acquired expertise with promising areas of future research. Therefore, this overview describes the interdependence between filamentous cellular morphology and product formation. Moreover, the currently most frequently used experimental techniques for morphological structure elucidation will be discussed in detail. Developed strategies of morphology engineering to increase product formation by tailoring and controlling cellular morphology and thus to intensify processes with filamentous microorganisms will be comprehensively presented and discussed.
Pine bark crosslinked to cyclodextrin for the adsorption of 2-nitrophenol from an aqueous solution
Authors: Pholosi Agnes , Sanni Saheed O. , Akpotu Samson O. , Pakade Vusumzi E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Adsorbents that are less expensive and more effective at removing organic micropollutants from wastewater have been developed through several approaches. Pine bark was treated with sodium hydroxide and then cross-linked to cyclodextrin using hexamethylene diisocyanate, in this study as an efficient adsorbent in the removal of 2-nitrophenol. FTIR, TGA and pHpzc analysis were used to characterize the biosorbent. The effects of pH, adsorbent mass, contact time and initial concentration on 2-nitrophenol removal was examined through batch adsorption studies. Pine bark crosslinked to cyclodextrin (PB-CD) surface functionalities was confirmed by FTIR analysis. It was discovered that solution pH, adsorbent mass, concentration and contact time all played a crucial role in the 2-nitrophenol uptake on PB-CD biosorbent and pine bark (PB) treated with sodium hydroxide. 2-Nitrophenol equilibrium was achieved with 0.05 g of adsorbents, with an initial concentration of 100–200 mg/dm3 at pH 5 after 60 min. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model significantly fitted the adsorption process. The Langmuir maximum capacities for PB and PB-CD were 47.36 mg/g and 77.82 mg/g, respectively. Overall, in the removal of 2-nitrophenol from an aqueous solution, PB-CD biosorbent is more cost-effective and efficient, in comparison with previously reported biosorbents in literature.
A Social Constructionist Approach to Institutional Change: The Case of the Romanian Competition Council
Authors: Gavrilov Doina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Society has built institutions to face various problems in each area of our lives. Yet, institutions face considerable problems in fulfilling their objectives in a continuously changing world. With this in mind, the present study starts from the institutional resistance to change and searches for ways to improve efficiency and increase the positive impact on social welfare. For this, we start by looking at the competition authorities as new institutions and we study how they work and the role of communication, learning, and transparency in increasing institutional efficiency and receiving social legitimacy. The paper begins with a mixed theoretical approach to institutional change and focuses on the role of legitimacy in stimulating institutional change, and the type of institutional change for increasing efficiency. The research ends with the Romanian case study which shows the necessary aspects for making the institutional change real.
The work of tort law: Why nonconsensual access to the workplace matters?
Authors: Dorfman Avihay 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Tort law does many things—it determines substantive rights, decides what counts as violating these rights, recognizes rights of repair, and grants rights of redress. Two non-instrumentalist conceptions of tort law appear to dominate how we are supposed to understand and discharge these tasks. One conception takes tort law to be the law of wrongs, whereas the other conception identifies tort law with the law of victim recourse. I argue that both conceptions (including a combination of both) mischaracterize what tort law does and what it should be doing. By contrast, the conception I shall defend—viz., the conflict theory of tort law—takes the basic task of tort law to be identifying the value of the conflict to which it responds (or which it shapes). In fact, there are three types of conflicts: inherently valuable, tolerably valuable, and valueless. Each type of conflict calls for a qualitatively different response by the law of torts. The conflict theory, I argue, changes the way we understand and determine the rights, duties, liabilities, and remedies that arise in and around tort law. I demonstrate this claim in connection with the tort of battery and then extend the analysis to capture the tort law of workplace and, in particular, trespass law as it applies to nonconsensual access to the workplace by organizers and by workers.
The history of job (in)security: Why private law theory may not save work law
Authors: Lee Sophia Z. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This Article uses a history of the push for job security in the United States during the late 20th century to assess New Private Law (NPL) theory. The history recounts the rise and fall of common law and statutory approaches to replacing at-will employment with termination for just cause only. Applying NPL theory to that history, the Article argues that NPL theorists’ current approach to defining their topic of study and distinguishing it from public law is inconsistent within and across theories. NPL theorists seek to carve out an area of law where interpersonal morality trumps legal economists’ goal of collective welfare maximization. That conceptual project depends on a coherent and consistent approach to distinguishing private from public law. Ultimately, the Article argues, NPL theorists face a more fundamental problem, however. Regardless of how one categorizes the events in this history, it shows that the common law-derived interpersonal morality at the heart of NPL theory may not strengthen worker protections in the ways at least some of its theorists hope.
Investigating the Role of RhodopsinF45LMutation in Mouse Rod Photoreceptor Signaling and Survival
Authors: Poria Deepak , Kolesnikov Alexander V. , Lee Tae Jun , Salom David , Palczewski Krzysztof , Kefalov Vladimir J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRhodopsin is the critical receptor molecule which enables vertebrate rod photoreceptor cells to detect a single photon of light and initiate a cascade of molecular events leading to visual perception. Recently, it has been suggested that the F45L mutation in the transmembrane helix of rhodopsin disrupts its dimerizationin vitro. To determine whether this mutation of rhodopsin affects its signaling propertiesin vivo, we generated knock-in mice expressing the rhodopsin F45L mutant. We then examined the function of rods in the mutant mice versus wild-type controls, usingin vivoelectroretinography and transretinal and single cell suction recordings, combined with morphologic analysis and spectrophotometry. Although we did not evaluate the effect of the F45L mutation on the state of dimerization of the rhodopsinin vivo, our results revealed that F45L-mutant mice exhibit normal retinal morphology, normal rod responses as measured bothin vivoandex vivo, and normal rod dark adaptation. We conclude that the F45L mutation does not affect the signaling properties of rhodopsin in its natural setting.
Synthetic embryos: a new venue in ethical research
Authors: Villalba Adrian , Rueda Jon , de Miguel Beriain Íñigo 
Published: February 2023

In brief
Two independent groups have reported the development of ‘artificial embryos’. Those are in vitro models made of mouse embryonic stem cells, without the need for egg or sperm, and grown ex utero without requiring implantation. This system might open new venues in bioethical research if human cells show the ability to replicate this system.

Abstract
The recent publications reported in 2022 reveal the possibility of obtaining mouse embryos without the need for egg or sperm. These ‘artificial embryos’ can recapitulate some stages of development ex utero – from neurulation to organogenesis – without implantation. Synthetic mouse embryos might serve as a valuable model to gain further insights into early developmental stages. Indeed, it is expected for these models to be replicated by employing human cells. This promising research raises ethical issues and expands the horizon of ethics in regard to the development of the human embryo. From this point of view, we state some of the new open venues for bioethical research.
Cattaneo–Christov heat flux impacts on MHD radiative natural convection of Al2O3-Cu-H2O hybrid nanofluid in wavy porous containers using LTNE
Authors: Ahmed Sameh E. , Mahdy A. , Mansour Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to examine impacts of Cattaneo–Christov heat flux on the magnetohydrodynamic convective transport within irregular containers in the presence of the thermal radiation. Both of the magnetic field and flow domain are slant with the inclination angles Ω and γ, respectively. The worked fluid is consisting of water (H2O) and Al2O3-Cu hybrid nanoparticles. The enclosures are filled with a porous medium, and the local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) model between the hybrid nanofluids and the porous elements are considered. Influences of various types of the obstacles are examined, namely, horizontal cold elliptic, vertical elliptic and cross section ellipsis. The solution methodology is depending on the finite volume method with nonorthogonal grids. The major outcomes revealed that the location (0.75, 0.5) is better for the rate of the flow and temperature gradients. The higher values of H* causes that the solid phase temperature has a similar behavior of the fluid phase temperature indicating to the thermal equilibrium state. Also, the fluid-phase average Nusselt number is maximizing by increasing Cattaneo–Christov heat flux factor.
Perceived knowledge of female athletes on the influence and effects of the menstrual cycle on musculoskeletal injuries
Authors: Sefotha Christina , Beckett Caitlin , Ferreira Simoné , Smith Lynn 
Published: February 2023

Background and Study Aim. The menstrual cycle (MC) has been theorized as a significant factor that contributes to musculoskeletal injuries amongst female athletes. However, the literature showing its effects are limited. Additionally, very little is known about the knowledge of the MC and its effects on the body and injury occurrence amongst competitive female athletes. The aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge levels on the effects of the MC and hormonal contraceptives amongst female athletes.
Material and Methods. An online questionnaire was utilized. The questionnaire was distributed by the researchers, sports coaches and managers of the respective sports teams to university athletes older than 18 years. The data was analyzed quantitatively using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 28).
Results. A total of 76 participants were recruited in this study with a mean age of 21,12±2,033. Out of the 76 respondents, 50% had no knowledge and only 2,6% had very high knowledge of the MC and its effects on musculoskeletal injuries. Majority of the respondents had “low knowledge” (n=32) on the effects of hormonal contraceptives on the body and only 5 participants had “very high knowledge”.
Conclusion. Majority of the female athletes’ knowledge ranged from no to low knowledge of the MC and its effects on the body and musculoskeletal injuries. Additionally, the knowledge levels on the effects of hormonal contraceptives on the body were predominantly low. This highlights the importance of expanding the knowledge of female athletes and stakeholders within the sports community on the effects of the MC on injury occurrence.
Effects of dance and movement therapy on physical ability, flexibility and psychological state for individuals under constant stress
Authors: Andrejeva Julija , Mockiene Asta , Strazdauskaite Dainora , Pociene Monika , Sniepiene Grazina , Malysko Elvira , Istomina Natalja , Hendrixson Vaiva 
Published: February 2023

Background and Study Aim. Dance and movement therapy defined as culturally creative, unique, but at the same time and a universal phenomenon encompassing bodily movements, bodily self – expression, feelings, stories, body interactions with self and others. Aim of the Study was to evaluate the impact of dance and movement therapy on the physical capacity, flexibility and psycho – emotional state of individuals under constant stress.
Material and Methods. The study included 18 – 45 years old females (N=20) who has psycho – emotional disorders and came to this facility for rehabilitation treatment procedures.
To assess functional physical capacity was used 6 – minute walk test. For flexibility assessment, to determine the mobility of the lumbar cross section of the spine was used Schober's sample. For psycho – emotional state assessment and for setting the symptoms of depression and anxiety in subjects was used Hospital Anxiety and Depression Symptom (HADS) Scale. The fatigue was measured by Fatigue Impact Scale.
Results. Positive statistically significant change in the psycho – emotional state of the subjects was in both groups, however in dance and movement therapy group this state improvement is twice large than in physiotherapy group. The mean values of the HADS scale decreased by 3.1 ± 3.981 points in the first group of subjects treated with physiotherapy and by 6.9 ± 4.62 points in the second group treated with dance and movement therapy. During physical capacity assessment we observe a statistically significant basic change in both groups. In the first study group the average 6 – minute test increased by 35.2 ± 24.89 meters and in the second study group by 27.5 ± 19.44 meters.
Conclusions. Dance movement therapy has a positive effect on psycho – emotional state, flexibility and physical ability of people experiencing constant stress. As observed, dance and movement therapy have a positive effect not only on flexibility or physical ability, but also on psycho – emotional state. Dance and movement therapy can be easily applied among different age population. All this makes physiotherapy a highly essential tool to improve person‘s well – being and quality of life.
The effects of Halliwick aquatic exercises on gross motor function of children aged from 3 to 5 years with spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Hamed Somaia A. , ElMeligie Mohamed M. , Kentiba Efrem 
Published: February 2023

Background and Study Aim. Cerebral palsy is a broad term for a variety of non-progressive, resulting in physical impairment, movement dysfunction, and poor posture. The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness in the Halliwick aquatic exercise versus conventional land-based therapy on gross motor function of children aged from 3 to 5 years with spastic cerebral palsy.
Material and Methods. In this randomized controlled trial, (n=34) children diagnosed with spastic Cerebral palsy were randomly assigned into either the Halliwick concept group (n=17) or active control (conventional exercising group) (n=17). A physiotherapist performed the sessions with participants three times a week, 45 minutes duration over 12 weeks. An independent pediatric rehabilitation specialist assessed the children’s gross motor function using the gross motor function measures (sitting, crawling and kneeling, standing, walking, running, and jumping).
Results. After the intervention, both Halliwick concept group and conventional exercising group significantly improved activities of sitting, crawling & kneeling, standing and walking, running and jumping. Besides, the estimate of the effect of the Halliwick exercises on sitting, standing and walking, running & jumping activities was more clinically significant than conventional exercises, with sitting; MD = -0.06 [95%, CI; -0.19 to 0.32], standing; MD = 0.14 [95%, CI; -0.15-0.31], and walking, running & jumping activities; MD = -0.09 [95%, CI; -0.11 to 0.20]. None of the between-group differences for any remaining outcomes was significant.
Conclusion. Aquatic exercises based on the Halliwick concept are better than conventional exercises to improve sitting, standing and walking, running and jumping activities in children aged 3 to 5 years with spastic cerebral palsy.