bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using machine learning in learner corpus research: error annotation and (extra-)linguistic metadata as proxies for approaching the interlanguage
Authors: Tantos Alexandros , Kosmidis Kosmas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article investigates the potential of using error-annotated L2 utterances and their associated language profile to more accurately assess the language proficiency of an L2 learner. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate the use of machine learning methods for uncovering features of the learner's interlanguage and their proficiency level, as well as to answer three questions: a) is it feasible to use error-annotated data along with linguistic profile metadata to trace patterns related to aspects of learners’ interlanguage? b) How important may error annotation be in estimating the learner’s proficiency level? c) Which of the (extra-)linguistic profile metadata stand out in contributing to the correct classification of the proficiency level? GLCII, the largest online freely available L2-Greek corpus, is utilized as an example corpus to illustrate the approach proposed in this paper with which for any L2, central questions can potentially be addressed by the relevant machine learning method so that, in a second stage, useful conclusion can be drawn. As a final point, we urge the implementation of ML techniques as a way of expediting research in a variety of related areas in applied linguistics.
Mobilization of Inflammasome Components for
Anaphylactic Degranulation by Mast Cells
Authors: Abraham Soman , Mencarelli Andrea , Bist Pradeep , Choi Hae Woong , Khameneh Hanif , Mortellaro Alessandra 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Inflammasome components, NLRP3 and ASC are cytosolic proteins which upon sensing endotoxins/danger cues, form multimeric complexes to process IL-1β for secretion. Here, we reveal that the iconic IgE/antigen (Ag) mediated mast cell (MC) degranulation, an activity independent of IL-1β secretion is mediated by NLRP3 and ASC. IgE/Ag stimulated NEK7 and Pyk2 kinases induce NLRP3 and ASC deposition on granules forming a distinct protein complex (granulosome) to chaperone granules to the cell surface. MCs deficient in NLRP3 or ASC fail to form granulosomes, degranulate poorly in vitro and fail to evoke systemic anaphylaxis in mice. IgE/Ag-triggered anaphylaxis is prevented with an NLRP3 inhibitor. Interestingly, in endotoxin primed MCs, pro-IL-1β is rapidly packaged into granules after IgE/Ag stimulation and processed within granule remnants by proteases after degranulation, causing lethal anaphylaxis in mice. During IgE/Ag mediated degranulation of endotoxin primed MCs, granulosomes promote degranulation combined with exteriorization and processing of IL-1β resulting in severe inflammation.
Effects of interaction of Epichloë gansuensis and Bacillus strains on the seed germination and seedling growth in Achnatherum inebrians plants
Authors: Zhao Haiting , Nie Xiumei , Zhang Wu , Zhang Xingxu , Ju Yawen , Li Yanzhong , Christensen Michael John 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that Bacillus and also Epichloë fungal endophytes can promote seed germination of grasses and induce stress resistance. However, the effects of interactions between Bacillusand endophyte on seed germination and seedling growth of grasses have not been well studied. In this study, Epichloë gansuensis endophyte-infected and endophyte-free Achnatherum inebrians seeds, and two month old seedlings, were inoculated with 12 Bacillus strains, and then effects of the treatments on four germination indicators and eight growth parameters were determined. The results showed that the interaction between E. gansuensis and Bacillus strains significantly (P<0.05) increased seed germination and the growth of A. inebrians. Interestingly, Bacillus strain inoculation, except for strain B96, provided a greater increase in growth on the 2-3 month old seedlings than the increase of growth with young seedlings. The germination rate of A. inebriansinoculated with the 12 strains ranged from 93.7% to 99%. Compared with other strains, B18 and B419 showed greater increases in growth of 2-3 months old plants. Moreover, the study employed a membership function value to assess the growth-promoting ability of the 12 Bacillusstrains on A. inebrians as an integrative tool for screening strains. Among the 12 strains, the B419 strain showed the best growth-promoting ability, while B106 was the worst strain. These results indicate that the B419 strain has potential value in agricultural production, and mechanisms of plant growth promotion will be further studied.
Urea treatment of mature whole-crop cereal mixtures as salvage forage for small-scale dairy systems in the dry season
Authors: Zamora-Juárez Yessica Guadalupe , López-González Felipe , Martínez-García Carlos Galdino , Arias-Ávila Monica , Arriaga-Jordan Carlos M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Forage from small-grain cereals is an option to diversify feeding strategies in small-scale dairy systems (SSDS), due to their short cycle and ample adaptation. Mixtures of cereal species may have synergic advantages; however, grazing or ensiling are not always possible due to climatic factors, so that forage crops are left to mature and lose quality. Urea treatment of whole-crop mature cereal mixtures may be an option to salvage forage that could not be grazed or ensiled. The objective was to evaluate the performance of dairy cows fed urea-treated mature whole-crop forage mixtures of triticale (TRT), rye (RYE), and barley (BLY), in the dry season for SSDS. Treatment mixtures were TRT+RYE, TRT-BLY, and RYE+BLY. Fully mature cereal mixtures crops were treated with 4 - 6% granular urea (plus water) on a fresh basis. Forage variables were analysed with a split-plot design. Whole-crop forage yields were 3.4 ton/ha, with highest yields for RYE-BLY. Crude protein content increased two-fold in treated forages, and dry matter digestibility was moderate with a mean estimated ME content of 7.9 MJ ME/kg DM. Performance was evaluated by an on-farm 3x3 Latin square experimental design repeated 3 times with nine Holstein cows. Cows were offered daily 9.0 kg DM of urea treated forage; complemented with 4.4 kg DM of concentrate, day-grazing, and 1.5 kg of cut pasture. There were no statistical differences (P>0.05) for any of the animal variables. Urea treatment of whole-crop mature cereal mixtures resulted in a complementary moderate quality salvage forage for the dry season.
Single sporadic deceleration during reactive nonstress test – clinical significance and risk for cesarean delivery
Authors: weinberger hila , Nekave Shlomit , Hallak Mordechai , Gabbay-Benziv Rinat , Naeh Amir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The non-stress test (NST) is the most widely applied technique for antepartum fetal assessment with the goal to reduce stillbirth. The evidence regarding the clinical significance of a single sporadic variable deceleration (SSD) in reactive NST is scarce, and optimal management has yet been established. We aim to evaluate whether SSD during a reactive NST at term is associated with a higher risk for fetal heart rate decelerations during labor and the need for intervention.
Methods: A retrospective, case-control study of singleton, term pregnancies at one university-affiliated medical center in 2018. Study group consisted of all pregnancies with an SSD in an otherwise reactive NST. For each case, two consecutive pregnancies without SSD were matched in a 1:2 ratio. The primary outcome was the rate of cesarean delivery (CD) due to non-reassuring fetal heart rate monitoring (NRFHRM).
Results: 84 women with a diagnosis of SSD were compared to 168 controls. SSD during antenatal fetal surveillance was not associated with the presence of fetal heart rate decelerations during labor and did not increase the rate of CD overall or for NRFHRM (17.9% vs. 13.7% and 10.7% vs. 7.7%, study vs. control group, respectively, p>0.05). Likewise, rates of assisted deliveries, maternal outcomes, and neonatal complications were similar between the groups.
Conclusions: SSD during a reactive NST in term pregnancies is not associated with an increased risk for adverse perinatal outcomes. Expectant management should be considered in pregnancies with SSD at term.
Comparison of tumour tissue homogenisation methods: mortar and pestle versus ball mill
Authors: Ostapowicz Julia , Maćkowiak Bartosz , Ostrowska Kamila , Kaczmarek Barbara , Pietras Natalia , Frąckowiak Dawid , Fundowicz Magdalena , Golusiński Wojciech , Suchorska Wiktoria 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundEfficient genetic material (DNA and RNA) and protein isolation are crucial for obtaining scientifically significant results in biotechnological analytical procedures. DNA mutations, gene expression determination on transcript and protein levels and high-throughput screening are core analyses in cancer studies. The most common tissue homogenisation methods include mortar and pestle usage. This study compares the classic pulverisation method with the nonconventional use of a ball mill.MethodsThe biological material constituted cancerous and unchanged adjacent tissues collected from five patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Tissues were halved for trituration using both homogenisation methods. The obtained material was used for DNA, RNA, and protein isolation and further PCR, RT-qPCR, and Western-blot analysis.ResultsAfter tissue homogenisation in a ball mill, we found significantly higher DNA concentration than mortar and pestle usage but no significant differences in RNA concentration and DNA and RNA purity ratios. However, the DNA quality assessed by gel electrophoresis and PCR was more excellent in samples ground with mortar and pestle. On the contrary, we demonstrated better RNA quality in ball-milled samples and gene expression analysis using RT-qPCR. We found no significant differences between protein concentration and quality extracted from tissues homogenised with the two compared methods.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that both methods of tissue homogenisation: ball mill versus mortar and pestle, are suitable for human tissue homogenisation to use the DNA and protein in downstream analysis. The ball mill homogenisation is more suitable for RNA extraction and gene expression analysis.
Epigenome-wide association study of DNA methylation in maternal blood leukocytes with BMI in pregnancy and gestational weight gain
Authors: Opsahl Julia , Fragoso-Bargas Nicolas , Lee Yunsung , Carlsen Ellen , Lekanova Nadezhda , Qvigstad Elisabeth , Sletner Line , Jenum Anne Karen , Lee-Ødegård Sindre , Prasad Rashmi , Birkeland Kåre , Moen Gunn-Helen , Sommer Christine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to discover CpG sites with differential methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes associated with body mass index (BMI) in pregnancy and gestational weight gain (GWG) in women of European and South Asian ancestry. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate how the identified sites were associated with methylation quantitative trait loci, gene ontology, and cardiometabolic parameters.
Methods
In the Epigenetics in pregnancy (EPIPREG) sample we quantified maternal DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes in gestational week 28 with Illumina’s MethylationEPIC BeadChip. In women with European (n = 303) and South Asian (n = 164) ethnic ancestry, we performed an epigenome-wide association study of BMI in gestational week 28 and GWG between gestational weeks 15 and 28 using a meta-analysis approach. Replication was performed in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study, the Study of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (MoBa-START) (n = 877, mainly European/Norwegian).
Results
We identified five CpG sites associated with BMI at gestational week 28 (p from 4.0 x 10− 8 to 2.1 x 10− 10). Of these, we were able to replicate three in MoBa-START; cg02786370, cg19758958 and cg10472537. Two sites are located in genes previously associated with blood pressure and BMI. Methylation at the three replicated CpG sites were associated with levels of blood pressure, lipids and glucose in EPIPREG (p from 1.2 x10− 8 to 0.04). Pathway analysis suggested involvation in inflammatory pathways (p from 1.9 x10− 8 to 4.7 x10− 5). No CpG sites were significantly associated with GWG.
Conclusions
We identified five CpG sites associated with BMI at gestational week 28, three of which were replicated in an independent cohort. Several gene variants were associated with methylation at cg02786379, suggesting a genetic component influencing differential methylation. The identified CpG sites were associated with cardiometabolic traits, as well as with inflammatory pathways.
Fragility Curve Development of Highway Bridges Using Probabilistic Evaluation (Case Study: Tehran City)
Authors: Mogheisi Meisam , Tavakoli Hamid Reza , Peyghaleh Elnaz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Seismic fragility analysis of bridges can be used to identify the probability of different damage states of bridges under earthquake hazards. This study aims to generate the fragility curve of highway bridges in Tehran, Iran, where these curves are not provided yet. To derive new fragility curves, the fragility curve of highway bridges from studies all around the world has been classified into different categories, based on their structural designs, bridge materials, country, and their analytical methods. A decision-tree analysis has been used to determine new fragility curves. The accuracy of these new curves was then assessed using a case study bridge and incremental dynamic analysis. The assessment analysis indicates that newly developed fragility curves for Tehran city have reasonable accuracy. The average difference between the derived fragility curve by the curves determined using Incremental Dynamic Analysis was acceptable. These new fragility curves helped to identify bridges throughout the Tehran city highways with higher seismic vulnerability. These can also be used for risk assessment and reducing the of seismic risk studies and future urban planning.
Intelligent Methods in Phishing Website Detection: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Sattari Yeganeh , Montazer GholamAli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
"Phishing" is a well-known cyberattack in which Internet users are targeted and directed to a fake website, similar to a legitimate and valid one. In such attacks, users are deceived into entering their sensitive information, such as passwords and credit card details, into these fake websites, which can be subject to further abuse by attackers, such as money and identity theft. Phishing has been causing problems for end users in network security for nearly three decades. In recent years, with the expansion of the Internet, it has become one of the most significant security issues in cyberspace, which needs to be addressed. To this end, researchers have provided many approaches to detect phishing websites, among which intelligent-based solutions have attracted more attention due to their adaptability to new samples. This research investigates intelligent methods for detecting phishing websites by examining 71 selected papers using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. It starts with an overview of phishing, including history, life cycle, statistics, and causes of user entrapment. Then, it presents kinds of methods for phishing website detection, as well as the steps of implementing machine learning methods, including data collection, feature extraction and selection, model creation, and evaluation. Next, it examines intelligent approaches to detecting phishing websites and compares them with their advantages and limitations, and finally, it discusses several challenges in this field to pave the way for further work.
Late recurrence of CD44 variant 9-positive gastric carcinoma 12 years after surgery: A case report
Authors: Hayashi Hirokatsu , Yasufuku Itaru , Higashi Toshiya , Chikaishi Wakana , Yokoi Ryoma , Fukada Masahiro , Sato Yuta , Asai Ryuichi , Tajima Jesse Yu , Saigo Chiemi , Makiyama Akitaka , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Okumura Naoki , Murase Katsutoshi , Takahashi Takao , Futamura Manabu , Takeuchi Tamotsu , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Late recurrence of gastric cancer of over 10 years post-gastrectomy is extremely rare, and the mechanism of late recurrence is unclear. We report a case of para-aortic lymph node metastasis that recurred 12 years postoperatively.

Case presentation

A 44-year-old woman who was pathologically diagnosed with moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with T2N2M0 Stage IIIA according to the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma (the 13th Edition) underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D1 + lymph node dissection. She received adjuvant chemotherapy with tegafur-uracil (400 mg/day) for 2 years. At postoperative year (POY) 5, a swollen lymph node was detected in the No.16b1lat lymph node station. However, positron emission tomography (PET) revealed normal uptake, and tumor markers were within normal limits; hence, the possibility of metastasis was judged to be low, and the patient was placed under observation. At POY 12, computerized tomography revealed an enlargement of the No.16b1lat lymph node station, and PET revealed abnormal uptake. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Hence, a diagnosis of recurrence of gastric cancer was made. She underwent para-aortic nodal dissection (PAND) of No.16b1lat & int stations. Immunochemical staining was similarly consistent with recurrence of gastric cancer. Meanwhile, CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9), a cancer stem cell marker for gastric adenocarcinoma, was attenuated in the recurrent lesions compared with the primary lesions. Postoperatively, she received chemotherapy with tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil (80 mg/day) for 1 year. At POY 4 after PAND, the patient remained well with no evidence of recurrence and distant metastasis.

Conclusions

The degree of staining for CD44v9 in the recurrent lesions may be related to the timing of recurrence. Hence, it is important to continue to investigate the role of the expression of CD44v9 in gastric cancer and to clarify the details.
Risk factors for diabetic ketoacidosis in acute pancreatitis patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Li Lin , Li Linzhen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose: To analyze the risk factors for diabetic ketoacidosis in acute pancreatitis patients with type 2 diabetes.
Patients and Methods: 25 patients were included in this prospective single-centre study to analyze the incidence and risk factors for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in acute pancreatitis patients with type 2 diabetes.
Results:The 25 AP patients were divided into DKA group and non-DKA group according to whether they had DKA. 7(28%) patients developed DKA within 48 hours of admission.There were significant differences in sex (P < 0.001), age (P=0.014), BMI (P=0.034), number of drinkers (P=0.036), and number of smokers (P=0.023). There was significant difference in uric acid concentration (P=0.041), but no statistically significant differences in triglyceride level (P=0.389) and total cholesterol concentration (P=0.534) between the two groups. In the DKA group, all the 7 (100%) patients had poor previous blood glucose control, but in the non-DKA group, only 5(27.78%) patients had poor previous blood glucose control. The difference was statistically significant. Only 1 patient in both groups had severe pancreatitis, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.003).
Conclusions: The incidence of DKA in AP patients with diabetes is high. Age, gender, alcohol,smoking, BMI,worse glycemic control, severe AP and uric acid concentration may be predictors of DKA in AP patients with diabetes.
Secure Waste Collection Approach for Smart Cities
Authors: LAMA RADHIKA , KARMAKAR SANDIP 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The notable increase in the spread of diseases such as COVID-19 and monkeypox in the recent scenario significantly increases the need for an efficient waste collection system in the cities. The traditional approach to waste collection is time-consuming, inefficient, unreliable, and lacks real-time assessment, which has huge impacts on the health care system of the cities. The incorporation of advanced information technology has extensively benefited the waste collection system in the city, but there are still security risks or performance deficiencies.In this paper, we design a secure waste collection approach for smart cities using Physically Unclonable Function (PUF). We have shown that the introduced scheme is secure, fresh, trustworthy, and robust using the AVISPA tool and Mao and Boyd's logic. The informal security analysis shows that the introduced scheme accomplishes the security requirement for the smart waste collection environment. The extensive comparative security analysis, computational efficiency, and storage overhead illustrate that the introduced scheme achieves convincing security improvements with less computational and storage overhead compared to existing schemes. Hence, the hardness of the security characteristics of the proposed scheme proves its robustness and makes it feasible for practical implementation.
Dynamical astronomical object-relative cyclic signal inputs for discrete time modeling with calendric applications
Authors: Moore Steven D.P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Accumulation of temporal errors occurs in continuous time modeling based on dynamical astronomical cycles; however, cyclic differences can also be advantageous. Dynamical cycles in nature, especially astronomical cycles, vary and lack uniformity. Unifying discrete time modeling with continuous time can chart these differences throughout linear time, building a reference repository. Ancient timekeeping systems are combined with modern computation and set theories, and when integrated with a signal system, cyclic fundamental temporal elements are created. Uniform scaling elements create unique and uniform cyclic and object-relative natural number units of time, each convertible to SI unit seconds. Despite countless Julian calendar-based comparison studies on timekeeping, ancient methodologies remain a mystery. This approach opens a hypothesized methodology that is testable for ancient observational calendric timekeeping systems. We present the first known pairing function to synchronize and assemble various independent object-relative observational-based astronomical cycles and their temporal elements. The model is applied to test a comparison between a previously proposed calendar model derived from Neolithic China and the Mesoamerican timekeeping divisional system. A 13-lunation calendar year built upon a 20-year cycle is introduced as the first new hypothesized astronomical cyclic pairing for Mesoamerica in nearly 500 years. Results validate a hypothesized link between Mesoamerica and ancient China. Combining mathematical and computational methodologies, our cyclic object-relative signal inputs from continuous time can yield new applications in astrometry and physics, as well as tools for archaeological research.