bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil depth and geographic distance modulate bacterial β‐diversity in deep soil profiles throughout the U.S. Corn Belt
Authors: Lopes Lucas Dantas , Futrell Stephanie L. , Wright Emily E. , Danalatos Gerasimos J. , Castellano Michael J. , Vyn Tony J. , Archontoulis Sotirios V. , Schachtman Daniel P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how microbial communities are shaped across spatial dimensions is of fundamental importance in microbial ecology. However, most studies on soil biogeography have focused on the topsoil microbiome, while the factors driving the subsoil microbiome distribution are largely unknown. Here we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to analyse the factors underlying the bacterial β‐diversity along vertical (0–240 cm of soil depth) and horizontal spatial dimensions (~500,000 km2) in the U.S. Corn Belt. With these data we tested whether the horizontal or vertical spatial variation had stronger impacts on the taxonomic (Bray‐Curtis) and phylogenetic (weighted Unifrac) β‐diversity. Additionally, we assessed whether the distance‐decay (horizontal dimension) was greater in the topsoil (0–30 cm) or subsoil (in each 30 cm layer from 30–240 cm) using Mantel tests. The influence of geographic distance versus edaphic variables on the bacterial communities from the different soil layers was also compared. Results indicated that the phylogenetic β‐diversity was impacted more by soil depth, while the taxonomic β‐diversity changed more between geographic locations. The distance‐decay was lower in the topsoil than in all subsoil layers analysed. Moreover, some subsoil layers were influenced more by geographic distance than any edaphic variable, including pH. Although different factors affected the topsoil and subsoil biogeography, niche‐based models explained the community assembly of all soil layers. This comprehensive study contributed to elucidating important aspects of soil bacterial biogeography including the major impact of soil depth on the phylogenetic β‐diversity, and the greater influence of geographic distance on subsoil than on topsoil bacterial communities in agroecosystems.
Reflections on a land acknowledgment: The 2021 Peace History Society conference and the territories of the Cherokee and Muscogee (Creek) Nations
Authors: Downs Jonathan Taylor 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Peace History Society's biennial conference, virtual in October 2021, was organized in Georgia. The land acknowledgment offered at that event recognized the dispossession and expulsion of the Cherokee and Muscogee (Creek) Nations from their lands in that state in the 1830s. This essay reflects on the significance of this acknowledgment and on further steps that can be taken to include and engage with Indigenous peoples and perspectives.
Physiological function of vitamin D3 in fish
Authors: Cheng Ke , Huang Yanqing , Wang Chunfang , Ali Wajeeha , Karrow Niel A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVitamin D (VD) is a steroid hormone, of which vitamin D3 (VD3) is the main form in fish. Fish obtain VD3 majorly from diets, and VD3 has been widely used in aquatic feed as feed additive. As one of the essential nutrients, VD3 plays an indispensable role in the growth and health of fish. Due to the particularity of the fish living environment, the metabolic and physiological functions of VD3 in fish have some differences from those of mammals. This paper reviews the metabolic process of VD3 in fish, the main metabolites and vitamin D receptors, compares the differences in VD3 metabolism between fish and mammals, summarises the recommended dietary requirements for VD3 in several fish species, generalises the role of VD3 in fish growth performance, bone development, lipid metabolism, immune regulation, antioxidant and other potential physiological functions, as well as its synergistic effects with other nutrients. Future perspectives of VD3 application in aquaculture are proposed. Understanding the metabolic process and physiological function of VD3 is of great significance for extending VD3 application in the aquatic feed industry.
Stratified care in hip arthroscopy: can we predict successful and unsuccessful outcomes? Development and external temporal validation of multivariable prediction models
Authors: Ishøi Lasse , Thorborg Kristian , Kallemose Thomas , Kemp Joanne L , Reiman Michael P , Nielsen Mathias Fabricius , Hölmich Per 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveAlthough hip arthroscopy is a widely adopted treatment option for hip-related pain, it is unknown whether preoperative clinical information can be used to assist surgical decision-making to avoid offering surgery to patients with limited potential for a successful outcome. We aimed to develop and validate clinical prediction models to identify patients more likely to have an unsuccessful or successful outcome 1 year post hip arthroscopy based on the patient acceptable symptom state.MethodsPatient records were extracted from the Danish Hip Arthroscopy Registry (DHAR). A priori, 26 common clinical variables from DHAR were selected as prognostic factors, including demographics, radiographic parameters of hip morphology and self-reported measures. We used 1082 hip arthroscopy patients (surgery performed 25 April 2012 to 4 October 2017) to develop the clinical prediction models based on logistic regression analyses. The development models were internally validated using bootstrapping and shrinkage before temporal external validation was performed using 464 hip arthroscopy patients (surgery performed 5 October 2017 to 13 May 2019).ResultsThe prediction model for unsuccessful outcomes showed best and acceptable predictive performance on the external validation dataset for all multiple imputations (Nagelkerke R2range: 0.25–0.26) and calibration (intercept range: −0.10 to −0.11; slope range: 1.06–1.09), and acceptable discrimination (area under the curve range: 0.76–0.77). The prediction model for successful outcomes did not calibrate well, while also showing poor discrimination.ConclusionCommon clinical variables including demographics, radiographic parameters of hip morphology and self-reported measures were able to predict the probability of having an unsuccessful outcome 1 year after hip arthroscopy, while the model for successful outcome showed unacceptable accuracy. The externally validated prediction model can be used to support clinical evaluation and shared decision making by informing the orthopaedic surgeon and patient about the risk of an unsuccessful outcome, and thus when surgery may not be appropriate.
Tobacco and alcohol consumption and the risk of frailty and falling: a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Guo Xingzhi , Tang Peng , Zhang Lina , Li Rui 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundEpidemiological data have suggested that tobacco and alcohol consumption were associated with the risk of frailty and falling, but it is yet unclear whether these associations are of a causal nature. Thus, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis using genetic instruments to determine the causal associations of tobacco and alcohol consumption on frailty and falls.MethodsIndependent instrumental variables strongly (p<5E–09) associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption were obtained from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) and Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use (up to 2 669 029 participants). Summary statistics of the frailty index (FI, N=175 226) and falling risk (N=451 179) were from the two latest published GWAS datasets on FI and falling risk.ResultsUsing the inverse-variance weighted method, our results showed that genetically determined initiation of smoking was significantly associated with an increased FI (β=0.34, 95% CI=0.29 to 0.40, p=5.48E–33) and risk of falling (OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.30 to 1.50, p=1.01E–20). In addition, the age of initiation of smoking and cigarettes consumption per day was negatively and positively associated with both FI and falls, respectively. Current smokers were prone to having a higher FI and falling risk than individuals who quit smoking. There was no significant causal association between alcohol use and the risk of frailty and falling. Similar results were obtained using other statistical approaches with good stability.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that tobacco use, but not alcohol drinking, significantly increases the risk of frailty and falling. Future studies are warranted to clarify the underlying physiopathological mechanisms.
Influence of oral tobacco versus smoking on multiple sclerosis disease activity and progression
Authors: Wu Jing , Olsson Tomas , Hillert Jan , Alfredsson Lars , Hedström Anna Karin 
Published: March 2023

We aimed to study the influence of smoking habits, exposure to passive smoking and snuff use on disease progression, cognitive performance and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Method
Patients from two population-based case–control studies were categorised based on tobacco exposure at diagnosis and were followed up to 15 years post diagnosis through the Swedish MS registry (n=9089) regarding changes in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale 29 and Symbol Digit Modalities Test. We used linear mixed models to analyse long-term changes, and Cox regression models with 95% CI using 24-week confirmed disability worsening, reaching EDSS 3 and EDSS 4, respectively, physical and psychological worsening and cognitive disability worsening as end points. The influence of smoking cessation post diagnosis was also investigated.

Results

Compared with non-smokers, current smokers had a faster EDSS progression (β
current smoking×time
=0.03, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.04). A faster EDSS progression was also associated with passive smoking (β
current passive smoking×time
=0.04, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.06). Smoke exposure negatively impacted all secondary outcomes. Those who continued smoking had worse outcomes than those who stopped smoking post diagnosis. Snuff users had a more favourable EDSS progression, compared with never users.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that both smoking and passive smoking have a negative influence on MS and that smoking cessation post diagnosis may be an important secondary preventive measure. Snuff use was associated with slower disease progression, suggesting that nicotine replacement therapy could be an attractive way to increase the chance of quitting smoking among patients with MS.
Graph distance measures based on Balaban indices
Authors: Lv Xiaoyun , Deng Bo , Fu Feng 
Published: March 2023

Dehmer et al. [Interrelations of graph distance measures based on topological indices, PLoS One 9 (2014) e94985] explored the graph measures based on some topological indices and demonstrated some useful properties of them. In this work, we survey the graph measures based on the Balaban index of a graph, and prove some extremal properties on them for several classes of graphs. Moreover, through numerical calculation and comparison, we find the graph measures based on Balaban index of a graph behave better than that based on Randić index in some special cases.
Supplementary Methods, Figure S1, Figure S2, Figure S3, Figure S4, Figure S5, Figure S6, Figure S7, Figure S8, Table S1, Table S2, Table S3, Table S4 from Mas Receptor Activation Slows Tumor Growth and Attenuates Muscle Wasting in Cancer
Authors: Murphy Kate T. , Hossain Mohammed I. , Swiderski Kristy , Chee Annabel , Naim Timur , Trieu Jennifer , Haynes Vanessa , Read Suzannah J. , Stapleton David I. , Judge Sarah M. , Trevino Jose G. , Judge Andrew R. , Lynch Gordon S. 
Published: March 2023

<p>This file contains: â€¢	Supplemental Methods â€¢	Supplemental Figure S1. Muscle-specific overexpression of the AT1 but not the MasR regulates skeletal muscle fiber size in healthy mice. â€¢	Supplemental Figure S2. Representative images of differentiated C2C12 myotubes incubated for 48 h in normal horse serum and treated with vehicle control or the ACE/Ang II/AT1 axis activators Ang II or A779 â€¢	Supplemental Figure S3. Genetic MasR overexpression was induced by transducing C2C12 myoblasts with a Tet-regulated MasR lentivirus or empty lentivirus and treating differentiated myotubes with doxycylin â€¢	Supplemental Figure S4. Low dose AVE 0991 induces small but significant improvements in food and water intake and weight loss in severely cachectic C-26 tumor-bearing mice â€¢	Supplemental Figure S5. Low dose AVE 0991 (1 mg/kg) causes an oxidative-to-glycolytic shift in fiber types in TA muscles from severely cachectic C-26 tumor-bearing mice â€¢	Supplemental Figure S6. High dose AVE 0991 treatment enhanced cumulative water intake and movement as assessed by the number of beam breaks in severely cachectic C-26 tumor-bearing mice fed ad libitum but not in those pair-fed to vehicle treated controls â€¢	Supplemental Figure S7. Pharmacological Ang-(1-7)/MasR activation protects against Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cancer cell induced muscle fiber atrophy in vitro â€¢	Supplemental Figure S8. Specificity of our custom anti-AT1 peptide compared to a commercially available anti-AT1 antibody â€¢	Supplemental Table S1. Primers used to amplify AT1 and MasR genes â€¢	Supplemental Table S2. Human cancer cachexia study group characteristics â€¢	Supplemental Table S3. List of upregulated proteins in AVE 0991 treated serum starved myotubes â€¢	Supplemental Table S4. List of down regulated proteins in AVE 0991 treated serum starved myotubes</p>
Supplementary MovieS2c from Immunotherapeutic Targeting and PET Imaging of DLL3 in Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chou Jonathan , Egusa Emily A. , Wang Sinan , Badura Michelle L. , Lee Fei , Bidkar Anil P. , Zhu Jun , Shenoy Tanushree , Trepka Kai , Robinson Troy M. , Steri Veronica , Huang Jiaoti , Wang Yuzhuo , Small Eric J. , Chan Emily , Stohr Bradley A. , Ashworth Alan , Delafontaine Brant , Rottey Sylvie , Cooke Keegan S. , Hashemi Sadraei Nooshin , Yu Brian , Salvati Mark , Bailis Julie M. , Feng Felix Y. , Flavell Robert R. , Aggarwal Rahul 
Published: March 2023

<p>Supplemental Movies 2a-2c: 22Rv1-NuclightGreen and SHP-77-NuclightRed mixed population co-cultures. Time-lapse movies of 22Rv1 cells (labeled with NuclightGreen) and SHP-77 cells (labeled with NuclightRed) co-cultured with T cells. Both the 22Rv1 and SHP-77 cells were plated at equal densities and treated with either NT control BiTE®, AMG 757, or the PSMA-targeting HLE BiTE, AMG 160. T cells were added to each well at an E:T ratio of 10:1. Images were captured every 4 hours at 4x magnification for 5 days.
a.	22Rv1, SHP-77, and T cells co-cultured with NT control BiTE®.
b.	22Rv1, SHP-77, and T cells co-cultured with AMG 757.
c.	22Rv1, SHP-77, and T cells co-cultured with AMG 160.</p>
Distúrbios ósteo-musculares relacionados ao trabalho
Authors: Yeng Lin Tchia , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Romano Miriam A. , Picarelli Helder , Settimi Maria Maeno , Greve Júlia M. D'Andrea 
Published: March 2023

Dor, especialmente nos membros superiores relacionada às atividades laborais, é condição comum. Decorre geralmentede anormalidades músculo-esqueléticas e neurais. Além das condições mecânicas admite-se que a tensão emocional esteja relacionada à sua instalação e manutenção. Não basta apenas haver a identificação da condição clínica, mas é necessário haver nexo entre ela e a condição ambiental causal. A eliminação dos fatores desencadeantes, a reformulação do ambiente e da organização do trabalho, a readaptação profissional, medidas de medicina física e psicocomportamental quando aplicados com critério, melhora na maioria dos casos em que as lesões não estão estruturadas ou irreversíveis.
O acesso à literatura médica: expansão das fronteiras através das bases de dados de textos completos e sua importância, no Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação da Faculdade de Medicina da USP – SBD/FMUSP
Authors: Crestana Maria Fazanelli , Vilhena Valéria , Freddi Maria Júlia de Andrade Lourenção 
Published: March 2023

Relata a importância das novas ferramentas de acesso à informação, a exemplo das bases de dados em texto completo, relacionando os endereços eletrônicos consideradosessenciais para as atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão na área médica, disponíveis no Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidadede São Paulo – SBD/FMUSP. Enfatiza a importância das Bases no contexto do ensino médico por parte do usuário e o papel da equipe da Biblioteca na orientação e utilização desses recursos.
Implementation and Enforcement of Community Interest-related Treaties by Judicial Means: Procedural Limitations, Chances and Prospects
Authors: Wolfrum Rüdiger 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The international dispute settlement system is characterised by bi-focalism – the claim of the applicant being directly opposed by the respondent. This renders the international dispute settlement system less suitable to implement international norms serving community interests. International and regional dispute settlement systems have developed mechanisms to overcome the barriers resulting from the traditional bi-focalism. Some national legal systems have advanced in this respect. In general, it may be necessary to develop new mechanisms or to make use of existing ones, such as advisory opinions.
The Perspective of Young Adults Who Experience Homelessness About the Links Between Music and the Psychoactive Substance Use Trajectory
Authors: Cournoyer Lemaire Elise , Bertrand Karine , Jauffret-Roustide Marie , Lemaître André , Loignon Christine 
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to describe and understand the links between musical activities (i.e. listening, playing, attending festive events, belonging to music-based communities) and the addictive trajectory of homeless young adults who experience problematic psychoactive substance (PS) use. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 15 homeless young adults aged 18 to 30 years old, to explore how music modulated their addictive trajectory. A thematic and trajectory analysis were performed. Music most often constituted a tool used to control, reduce, or recover from problematic PS use, and sometimes led to the initiation of novel substances, increased consumption, and relapses. These benefits and harms varied according to specific individual and contextual factors. Almost half of the sample reported no link between music and PS use. A better comprehension of the links between music and the addictive trajectory will guide the development of adapted harm reduction interventions that account for homeless young adults’ strengths.
Using Bayesian Evidence Synthesis Methods to Incorporate Real-World Evidence in Surrogate Endpoint Evaluation
Authors: Wheaton Lorna , Papanikos Anastasios , Thomas Anne , Bujkiewicz Sylwia 
Published: March 2023

Objective Traditionally, validation of surrogate endpoints has been carried out using randomized controlled trial (RCT) data. However, RCT data may be too limited to validate surrogate endpoints. In this article, we sought to improve the validation of surrogate endpoints with the inclusion of real-world evidence (RWE). Methods We use data from comparative RWE (cRWE) and single-arm RWE (sRWE) to supplement RCT evidence for the evaluation of progression-free survival (PFS) as a surrogate endpoint to overall survival (OS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Treatment effect estimates from RCTs, cRWE, and matched sRWE, comparing antiangiogenic treatments with chemotherapy, were used to inform surrogacy patterns and predictions of the treatment effect on OS from the treatment effect on PFS. Results Seven RCTs, 4 cRWE studies, and 2 matched sRWE studies were identified. The addition of RWE to RCTs reduced the uncertainty around the estimates of the parameters for the surrogate relationship. The addition of RWE to RCTs also improved the accuracy and precision of predictions of the treatment effect on OS obtained using data on the observed effect on PFS. Conclusion The addition of RWE to RCT data improved the precision of the parameters describing the surrogate relationship between treatment effects on PFS and OS and the predicted clinical benefit of antiangiogenic therapies in mCRC. Highlights Regulatory agencies increasingly rely on surrogate endpoints when making licensing decisions, and for the decisions to be robust, surrogate endpoints need to be validated. In the era of precision medicine, when surrogacy patterns may depend on the drug’s mechanism of action and trials of targeted therapies may be small, data from randomized controlled trials may be limited. Real-world evidence (RWE) is increasingly used at different stages of the drug development process. When used to enhance the evidence base for surrogate endpoint evaluation, RWE can improve inferences about the strength of surrogate relationships and the precision of predicted treatment effect on the final clinical outcome based on the observed effect on the surrogate endpoint in a new trial. Careful selection of RWE is needed to reduce risk of bias.
Autism community priorities in diverse low-resource settings: A country-wide scoping exercise in India
Authors: Dey Ipsita , Chakrabarty Sreerupa , Nandi Rajanya , Shekhar Rakshita , Singhi Sakhi , Nayar Shoba , Ram Jai Ranjan , Mukerji Shaneel , Chakrabarti Bhismadev 
Published: March 2023

While studies to map the priorities of the autistic community have been undertaken in some high-income countries, there has been little or no such systematic assessment in the global south. India alone is home to an estimated >5 million autistic individuals. To address this gap in the literature, this study conducted a survey of the Indian autism community on their priorities for three areas: skills training, intervention and research. Individuals with a clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders and parents/guardians of autistic individuals were invited to take part in the study. Data from 280 respondents were collected online and followed up with interviews on a subset ( n = 40) chosen through stratified random selection. Results highlighted a unanimous prioritisation for self-help skills as the most important area in skills training, as it was considered the foundation for acquiring all other skills. Speech and language therapy was identified as the most important intervention for autistic individuals. Within research, identifying the most effective ways for the community to support autistic people was given the topmost priority. Researchers, clinicians and policymakers may use these insights to develop services and shape future research that is more in accord with the community’s needs. Lay abstract It is vital to directly engage with the autism community in order to develop better services and drive the research agenda. While some studies in high-income countries have mapped the priorities of the autism community, there is a severe dearth of such efforts in the global south. Five million autistic individuals are estimated to live in India alone, and there has been little effort to map their priorities. Moreover, studies in high-income countries focused largely on research priorities, and not so much on skills training and interventions. Keeping these needs in mind, we conducted an online survey followed by an in-depth conversation with parents of autistic children and autistic adults drawn from across India. We found that the respondents reported self-help skills to be the most important for training, as they considered it fundamental for every other aspect of life. Speech and language therapy was considered to be the highest intervention priority for this group, highlighting the importance of social communication. Mental health counselling was also considered to be a high priority, but several parents identified it as being more relevant for themselves rather than for their children. Within research, the topmost priority was to understand ways in which the community can better support autistic people. We hope that these findings will help researchers, policymakers and service providers to be able to make well-informed decisions, develop relevant services and shape future research.