bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stem cell therapy for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review
Authors: Furtado Thiago P , Saffati Gal , Furtado Marcelo H , Khera Mohit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition that negatively affects men’s quality of life. It can have various causes, including psychological, vascular, and neurologic factors. Existing treatments for ED mainly focus on symptom relief rather than addressing the underlying cause. Stem cells (SCs) have shown potential as a therapeutic approach for ED due to their anti-inflammatory properties.

Objectives
This systematic review aims to assess the current status of trials and determine the potential impact of SCs on male sexual health.

Methods
A comprehensive search strategy was employed to gather relevant articles from 6 electronic databases. The search included articles published until March 2023. The reference lists of articles were manually reviewed to identify additional studies of relevance. The eligibility criteria for inclusion in the analysis focused on clinical trials involving humans that evaluated the safety and efficacy of SC therapy for ED. Exclusion criteria encompassed case reports, case series, abstracts, reviews, and editorials, as well as studies involving animals or SC derivatives. Data extraction was performed via a standardized form with a focus on erectile outcomes.

Results
A total of 2847 articles were initially identified; 18 were included in the final analysis. These studies involved 373 patients with ED and various underlying medical conditions. Multiple types of SC were utilized in the treatment of ED: mesenchymal SCs, placental matrix–derived mesenchymal SCs, mesenchymal SC–derived exosomes, adipose-derived SCs, bone marrow–derived mononuclear SCs, and umbilical cord blood SCs.

Conclusion
SC therapy shows promise as an innovative and safe treatment for organic ED. However, the lack of standardized techniques and controlled groups in many studies hampers the ability to evaluate and compare trials.
No Visitors
Authors: Knight Stacey L. , Robinson Ruthie , Stinson Cynthia 
Published: September 2023

Background/IntroductionRestrictions on visitors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had major implications for both patients and families, impacting health care outcomes. Policies included mandatory closures, masking, and visiting restrictions both in acute and long-term care. Despite visiting restrictions in health care systems, little is known about its effects.Objectives/AimsThe objective of this study was to elicit perceptions of individuals who were separated from their loved ones during acute care hospitalization during the COVID pandemic.MethodsIndividuals who experienced separation from hospitalized family members because of the “no-visitor policies” during the COVID-19 pandemic were asked to participate in a study to elicit their perceptions. After institutional review board approval, interviews were completed for those who had loved ones admitted to acute care facilities only. Audiotaped and transcribed interviews were conducted in person, via telephone, or virtually using a primary investigator–developed interview guide. Using the Colaizzi method of analysis, themes were derived.ResultsOf the 11 completed interviews, 100% of participants were female, and all were residents of Texas. Themes derived from this pilot project were advocacy, communication, emotional upheaval, human factors, isolation, and abandonment.ConclusionsFindings from patient interviews support previous published studies. Ideas for improved patient and family experience discussed by the authors include personal protective equipment for significant others, consideration of visitation policies for those patients without decision-making capabilities, and increased accessibility to communication aids for both patients and families.
Prehospital Critical Care Blood Product Administration
Authors: Hough Randall , Cox Sylvan Charles , Chimelski Erica , Mihm Fred G. , Tobin Joshua M. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Prehospital blood transfusion has been widely practiced in the military and is drawing renewed scrutiny after many years of civilian use.

Objective
The objective of this article is to quantify the benefit derived from prehospital transfusion of blood products.

Methods
Deidentified data were extracted retrospectively from the flight records of a critical care transportation program between April 2018 and January 2020. Patients who were transported before a prehospital blood transfusion protocol were compared with patients after initiation of the blood transfusion protocol. Demographic data, vital signs, laboratory analytics, and other outcome measures were analyzed.

Results
Nine scene transport patients who met the transfusion criteria before a blood transfusion protocol were compared with 11 patients transported after initiation of the protocol. Identical outcome measures were analyzed. Patients who received prehospital blood transfusions had a statistically significantly longer hospital length of stay (16.5 vs 3.7 days, P = .03) and were more often taken directly to the operating room (80% vs 28%, P = .04). No statistically significant difference was identified when comparing mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, hemoglobin, hematocrit, or survival to hospital discharge.

Conclusions
Trauma patients who received prehospital blood transfusion had a longer hospital length of stay and were more often taken directly to the operating room, but without improvement in survival.
A Quantitative Intersectionality Analysis of HIV/STI Prevention and Healthcare Access Among Transgender and Nonbinary People
Authors: Tordoff Diana M. , Fernandez Atlas , Perry Nicole Lynn , Heberling William B. , Minalga Brian , Khosropour Christine M. , Glick Sara N. , Barbee Lindley A. , Duerr Ann ,   the Seattle Trans and Non-binary Sexual Health (STARS) Advisory Board
Published: September 2023

Background:
Transgender and nonbinary people experience substantial barriers to accessing healthcare, including prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (HIV/STI), due to structural inequities. We examined differences in insurance, HIV/STI prevalence, testing, and preexposure prophylaxis use among transgender and nonbinary people living in Washington State by race and ethnicity and gender.

Methods:
We pooled data from five 2019–2021 Washington State HIV/STI surveillance data sources to obtain a large and diverse sample of 1648 transgender and nonbinary participants. We calculated the risk difference (RD) for each outcome and used Poisson regression to estimate a surrogate measure of additive interaction—attributable proportion (AP)—that measures the proportion of the excess prevalence of the outcome observed at the intersection of gendered and racialized experience, beyond that expected from gender or race and ethnicity alone.

Results:
Participants reported overall high levels of poverty (29% incomes <$15,000 and 7% unstable housing). Certain groups, especially racial/ethnic minority transgender women, were disproportionately impacted by HIV/STIs (RDs from 20% to 43% and APs from 50% to 85%) and less likely to currently have insurance (RDs from 25% to 39% and APs from 74% to 93%) than that expected based on gendered or racialized experience alone.

Conclusions:
Our findings highlight the heterogeneity in insurance access, HIV/STI positivity, and prevention utilization within transgender communities. We observed that a large proportion of increased HIV/STI prevalence among racial/ethnic minority transgender women was attributable to the intersection of gender and race and ethnicity. Our findings highlight the importance of trans-inclusive models of HIV/STI prevention that address multilevel barriers rooted in cissexism and structural racism.
A Decade of Tweets: Visualizing Racial Sentiments Towards Minoritized Groups in the United States Between 2011 and 2021
Authors: Nguyen Thu T. , Merchant Junaid S. , Yue Xiaohe , Mane Heran , Wei Hanxue , Huang Dina , Gowda Krishik N. , Makres Katrina , Najib Crystal , Nghiem Huy T. , Li Dapeng , Drew Laura B. , Hswen Yulin , Criss Shaniece , Allen Amani M. , Nguyen Quynh C. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Research has demonstrated the negative impact of racism on health, yet the measurement of racial sentiment remains challenging. This article provides practical guidance on using social media data for measuring public sentiment.

Methods:
We describe the main steps of such research, including data collection, data cleaning, binary sentiment analysis, and visualization of findings. We randomly sampled 55,844,310 publicly available tweets from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2021 using Twitter’s Application Programming Interface. We restricted analyses to US tweets in English using one or more 90 race-related keywords. We used a Support Vector Machine, a supervised machine learning model, for sentiment analysis.

Results:
The proportion of tweets referencing racially minoritized groups that were negative increased at the county, state, and national levels, with a 16.5% increase at the national level from 2011 to 2021. Tweets referencing Black and Middle Eastern people consistently had the highest proportion of negative sentiment compared with all other groups. Stratifying temporal trends by racial and ethnic groups revealed unique patterns reflecting historical events specific to each group, such as the killing of George Floyd regarding sentiment of posts referencing Black people, discussions of the border crisis near the 2018 midterm elections and anti-Latinx sentiment, and the emergence of COVID-19 and anti-Asian sentiment.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the utility of social media data as a quantitative means to measure racial sentiment over time and place. This approach can be extended to a range of public health topics to investigate how changes in social and cultural norms impact behaviors and policy.
A supplemental digital video is available at http://links.lww.com/EDE/C91
A Novel LC-MS/MS Method for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Baricitinib in Plasma of Pediatric Patients
Authors: Cafaro Alessia , Baiardi Giammarco , Pigliasco Federica , Barco Sebastiano , Mattioli Francesca , Volpi Stefano , Caorsi Roberta , Gattorno Marco , Cangemi Giuliana 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Janus kinase inhibitors are antirheumatic immunosuppressive drugs that target intracellular Janus kinases (JAKs). Baricitinib is a selective and reversible orally administered JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor approved for treating rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, and alopecia areata in adult patients. Expanded access to baricitinib has been approved for treating pediatric patients affected by rare Mendelian autoinflammatory diseases with type I interferon-mediated damage. Knowledge of the pharmacokinetic properties and target plasma levels of baricitinib in pediatric patients is limited. In this study, a novel LC-MS/MS method for measuring baricitinib in plasma, validated according to the ICH M10 guidelines, is presented.

Methods:
Sample preparation was performed by adding 10 µL of IS working solution (150 ng/mL) and 200 µL of MeOH to each plasma sample. Chromatographic separation was conducted using a Thermo Scientific Accucore Polar Premium column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, i.d. 2.6 m). This method was applied to 7 real anonymous plasma samples obtained from pediatric patients treated with baricitinib at IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (Genoa, Italy). Patients of both sexes had a median age of 14 years (range, 10–17 years).

Results:
The LC-MS/MS method resulted linear over wide concentration ranges (1.024–100 ng/mL) and was accurate and reproducible in the absence of matrix effects, allowing for robust, specific, and rapid quantification of baricitinib from a low amount of plasma (50 µL). The plasma concentration of baricitinib in the samples of the patients, expressed as mean ± SD, was 11.25 ± 10.86 ng/mL.

Conclusions:
This novel LC-MS/MS method is suitable for the therapeutic drug monitoring of baricitinib and can help guide therapy optimization in pediatric patients.
AHRR Hypomethylation mediates the association between maternal smoking and metabolic profiles in children
Authors: Vidal Adriana C. , Chandramouli Shivram A. , Marchesoni Joddy , Brown Nia , Liu Yukun , Murphy Susan K. , Maguire Rachel , Wang Yaxu , Abdelmalek Manal F. , Mavis Alisha M. , Bashir Mustafa R. , Jima Dereje , Skaar David A. , Hoyo Cathrine , Moylan Cynthia A. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Tobacco smoking during pregnancy is associated with metabolic dysfunction in children, but mechanistic insights remain limited. Hypomethylation of cg05575921 in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) gene is associated with in utero tobacco smoke exposure. In this study, we evaluated whether AHRR hypomethylation mediates the association between maternal smoking and metabolic dysfunction in children.

Methods:
We assessed metabolic dysfunction using liver fat content (LFC), serum, and clinical data in children aged 7–12 years (n=78) followed since birth. Maternal smoking was self-reported at 12 weeks gestation. Methylation was measured by means of pyrosequencing at 3 sequential CpG sites, including cg05575921, at birth and at ages 7–12. Regression models were used to evaluate whether AHRR methylation mediated the association between maternal smoking and child metabolic dysfunction.

Results:
Average AHRR methylation at birth was significantly higher among children of nonsmoking mothers compared with children of mothers who smoked (69.8% ± 4.4% vs. 63.5% ± 5.5, p=0.0006). AHRR hypomethylation at birth was associated with higher liver fat content (p=0.01), triglycerides (p=0.01), and alanine aminotransferase levels (p=0.03), and lower HDL cholesterol (p=0.01) in childhood. AHRR hypomethylation significantly mediated associations between maternal smoking and liver fat content (indirect effect=0.213, p=0.018), triglycerides (indirect effect=0.297, p=0.044), and HDL cholesterol (indirect effect = -0.413, p=0.007). AHRR methylation in childhood (n=78) was no longer significantly associated with prenatal smoke exposure or child metabolic parameters (p>0.05).

Conclusions:

AHRR hypomethylation significantly mediates the association between prenatal tobacco smoke exposure and features of childhood metabolic dysfunction, despite the lack of persistent hypomethylation of AHRR into childhood. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings and to explore their causal and long-term significance.
Incidence and risk factors of graft-versus-host disease after liver transplantation: A national study 2010–2020
Authors: Huang Yuting , Wang Yichen , Chase R. Christopher , Yang Liu 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation, and its incidence is low in liver transplantation (LT). Estimating the incidence of GVHD after LT is challenging due to the paucity of available data from the United Network for Organ Sharing. This is the first national analysis of the incidence and risk factors of GVHD after LT.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study used the National Readmission Database to calculate the incidence rate of GVHD within 1 year of LT using survival analysis. The predictors of GVHD were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.

Results:
From 2010 to 2020, of 88,433 LTs, 383 cases of GVHD occurred within 1 year after LT, resulting in an incidence rate of 1.0% (95% CI: 0.8%–1.3%). We observed no statistically significant change in the incidence of GVHD after LT from 2010 to 2020 (beta-coefficient, −0.07%; 95% CI: −0.17% to 0.04%, p = 0.188). Interestingly, alcohol-associated liver disease was associated with a lower risk of GVHD (adjusted HR, 0.57; 95% CI: 0.36–0.91, p = 0.018), whereas a higher risk was found to be related to a secondary diagnosis of COVID-19 on index admission.

Conclusion:
Our study found that the incidence rate of GVHD within 1 year of LT in the United States was 1.0% and remained stable from 2010 to 2020. The predictors associated with GVHD include alcohol-associated liver disease and COVID-19. Our study provides valuable insights into the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of GVHD after LT.
Severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in a large cohort of children
Authors: Mehta Sagar , John Tomisin , Feld Jordan J. , Shah Hemant , Mullaithilaga Nisa , Campigotto Aaron , Leung Karen , Kamath Binita M. , Ling Simon C. , Science Michelle , Ng Vicky L. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
We evaluated the proportion, clinical features, and outcomes of previously healthy children presenting to a large Canadian quaternary pediatric center with severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology.

Methods:
All patients with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 500 U/L or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 500 U/L between June 1, 2018, and May 31, 2022, at The Hospital for Sick Children, were identified. Subjects with only AST > 500 U/L were excluded. Clinical characteristics, investigations, and outcomes for patients without clear etiology for ALT > 500 U/L (severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology) for our study period and from October 1 to May 31 of each year 2018–2021 were reviewed.

Results:
Of 977 patients with ALT/AST> 500 U/L, 720 had only ALT > 500 U/L. We excluded age below 6 months (n = 99) or above 16 years (n = 66), known pre-existing liver conditions (n = 66), and ALT > 500 U/L in already admitted patients (n = 151). Among the remaining 338 children with ALT > 500 U/L at presentation, an etiology was identified in 303 subjects. 33 (9.8%) children [median age 6.1 y (range 0.5–15.5); 61% male] were confirmed as severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology. Twenty patients (60.6%) were tested for blood adenovirus by PCR, and 1 (5%) was positive (serotype B7). Liver tissue specimens from 18 patients revealed no evidence of viral inclusions or adenovirus. Twelve (36.3%) presented with pediatric acute liver failure, with 8 (24.2%) requiring liver transplantation. There were no deaths. Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia occurred in 5 (15%) patients.

Conclusions:
Of children presenting with severe acute hepatitis to a quaternary children’s hospital over a 48-month period, 9.8% had unknown etiology with no change over time. Liver transplantation remains an important treatment strategy for those presenting with pediatric acute liver failure phenotype. The frequency of cases associated with human adenovirus infection was noncontributory.
AMD Injection Frequency: Effects of Distance Traveled and Travel Support
Authors: Meer Elana A. , Targ Sonia , Zhang Ning , Hoggatt Katherine J. , Mehta Kala M. , Brodie Frank 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
While efficacious, intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy regimens for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD) can prove difficult for patients to adhere to due to high cost and burden of transportation.

Methods:
Analysis of electronic health record data from the San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center (SF VAMC) eye clinic (1/1/2010-12/31/2019) was performed, extracting demographic data, anti-VEGF injection history, and enrollment in the SFVA travel benefit program. Two-tailed p-values were calculated for poisson regression examining average number of injections per year as the outcome and distance traveled as the primary predictor. Travel benefit was evaluated as a modifying effect on the distance – injection relationship.

Results:
318 patients who received intravitreal injection for treatment of NVAMD were included in the analysis. Median (IQR) distance to clinic was 31.5 miles (7.4-69.4 miles). Driving distance in miles was inversely associated with average number of injections per year. Among all 318 patients, for every additional 100 miles a patient lived from our clinic, the patient received on average 2.5 fewer injections per year (

distance= -0.0025, p<0.001), but this was not the case for patients with travel benefits (

distance= -0.0011, p=0.362).

Conclusion:
The greater the distance from a patient’s eye clinic the lower the average number of injections per year. However, travel benefits mitigated this relationship, highlighting opportunities for improving patient’s adherence through assistance programs.
UNILATERAL MACULAR HOLE IN A PATIENT WITH RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA TREATED WITH COVER FLAP TECHNIQUE WITH THE USE OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA UNDER AIR TAMPONADE
Authors: Lo Giudice Gregorio , Alessandria Amedeo , Imburgia Aurelio , Anastasi Marco , Randazzo Viviana , Masaniello Filippo , Pioppo Antonino 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to show the excellent anatomical result of the inverted flap-assisted technique with platelet-rich plasma under air for retinitis pigmentosa complicated with macular hole.

Methods:
A 32-year-old woman, previously diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa, was referred to our department complaining of decreased central vision in her left eye for 4 weeks. At the time of presentation, the optical coherence tomography and fundoscopy examination showed the presence of a macular hole of 620 μm in diameter. The closure of the macular hole was observed after the surgical procedure, but endophthalmitis occurred 5 days, postoperatively.

Results:
In our presented case, the cover flap-assisted technique with platelet-rich plasma under air for retinitis pigmentosa complicated with macular hole resulted in excellent anatomical outcomes with unremarkable visual recovery.

Conclusion:
The physiopathology of full-thickness macular holes in retinitis pigmentosa patients remains still not fully elucidated. Pars plana vitrectomy with the adjunct of highly concentrated pure platelet-rich plasma have shown successful results.
Sex differences in visceral sensitivity and brain activity in a rat model of comorbid pain: a longitudinal study
Authors: Da Silva Joyce T. , Hernandez-Rojas Luis G. , Mekonen Hayelom K. , Hanson Shelby , Melemedjian Ohannes , Scott Alison J. , Ernst Robert K. , Seminowicz David A. , Traub Richard J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are 2 chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) that present with significant comorbidity. Both conditions are more prevalent in women and are exacerbated by stress. While peripheral mechanisms might contribute to pain hypersensitivity for each individual condition, mechanisms underlying the comorbidity are poorly understood, complicating pain management when multiple conditions are involved. In this study, longitudinal behavioral and functional MRI-based brain changes have been identified in an animal model of TMD-like pain (masseter muscle inflammation followed by stress) that induces de novo IBS-like comorbid visceral pain hypersensitivity in rats. In particular, data indicate that increased activity in the insula and regions of the reward and limbic systems are associated with more pronounced and longer-lasting visceral pain behaviors in female rats, while the faster pain resolution in male rats may be due to increased activity in descending pain inhibitory pathways. These findings suggest the critical role of brain mechanisms in chronic pain conditions and that sex may be a risk factor of developing COPCs.