bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High side-mode suppression ratio with a Vernier effect single-mode laser using triple coupled microrings
Authors: Jahangiri Milad , Moradiani Fatemeh , Parsanasab Gholam-Mohammad , Mirmohammadi Mohsen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe development of single-mode lasers with a high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) is challenging but highly desirable for integrated photonics devices and long-distance communications due to their high spectral purity and stability. Here, we demonstrate a single-mode laser with a high side-mode suppression ratio based on size-mismatched triple-coupled microrings. With the exact engineering of several key parameters of the structure like air gap and radii of microrings for controlling the free spectral range (FSR), a predominant mode is selected to lase in amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of the gain material and all side and high order modes are suppressed by Vernier effect. In this work, we show that a single-mode operation is efficiently generated with an improved side-mode suppression ratio of over 20 dB in a three-ring-coupled microcavity laser. The single-frequency output persists for a wide power range. The theoretical calculations and numerical simulations’ results confirm the validity of the experimental results. Our structural engineering creates new opportunities in a variety of frontier applications in single-mode lasers and high-quality sensors.
The interplay between bicarbonate kinetics and gastrointestinal upset on ergogenic potential after sodium bicarbonate intake: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Durkalec-Michalski Krzysztof , Nowaczyk Paulina M. , Kamińska Joanna , Saunders Bryan , Łoniewski Igor , Czubaszek Dominika , Steffl Michal , Podgórski Tomasz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study utilized comprehensive monitoring of blood bicarbonate (HCO3¯) kinetics and evaluation of gastrointestinal (GI) upset to determine their impact on an ergogenic potential of sodium bicarbonate (SB) co-ingested with carbohydrate (CHO). Nineteen CrossFit athletes performed 6 bouts of 15 s Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) 90 min post-ingestion of 0.4 g·kg−1 body mass (BM) of SB (SB + CHO treatment) or PLA (PLA + CHO treatment) with 15 g CHO. Blood HCO3¯ concentration was evaluated at baseline, 30-, 60-, 75- and 90 min post-ingestion, in between WAnT bouts, and 3 and 45 min post-exercise, while GI upset at 120 min after protocol started. Control (no supplementation; CTRL) procedures were also performed. An effective elevation of extra-cellular buffering capacity was observed 60–90 min post-ingestion of SB + CHO. At mean peak blood HCO3¯, or at start of exercise an increase > 6 mmol·L−1 in HCO3¯ was noted in 84% and 52.6% participants, respectively. SB + CHO did not prevent performance decrements in WAnT bouts. There were no significant relationships between changes in blood HCO3¯ and WAnTs’ performance. Total GI was significantly higher in SB + CHO compared to CTRL, and stomach problems in SB + CHO compared to CTRL and PLA + CHO. There were inverse associations between peak- (p = 0.031; r = − 0.495), average- (p = 0.002; r = − 0.674) and minimum power (p = 0.008; r = − 0.585) and total GI upset, as well as average power and severe GI distress (p = 0.042; r = − 0.471) at SB + CHO. The implemented dose of SB + CHO was effective in improving buffering capacity, but did not prevent decrements in WAnTs’ performance. GI side effects were crucial in affecting the ergogenic potential of SB and thus must be insightfully monitored in future studies.
Janus polymer-grafted nanoparticles mimicking membrane repair proteins for the prevention of lipid membrane rupture
Authors: Li Bin , Gao Huimin , Lu Zhong-Yuan 
Published: May 2023

Using dissipative particle dynamics simulations, the role of Janus polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) as an alternative to membrane repair protein is verified by tracking the dynamic adsorption and detachment of PGNPs on a damaged lipid membrane.
A coordinate attention enhanced swin transformer for handwriting recognition of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Wang Nana , Niu Xuesen , Yuan Yiyang , Sun Yunze , Li Ran , You Guoliang , Zhao Aite 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiagnosing Parkinson's disease (PD) in its early stages is a significant challenge in medicine. Hand tremors and dysgraphia, which are typical early motor symptoms of PD, can manifest for decades before a formal diagnosis is made. Therefore, handwriting analysis has become an important tool for detecting PD. While many machine learning algorithms have been applied in this area, they struggle to capture the subtle changes in handwriting and must describe features from various perspectives. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Coordinate Attention Enhanced Swin Transformer (CAS Transformer) model for PD handwriting recognition. It establishes the long‐term dependence of features on the joint coordinate attention application, which enables the model to more accurately localize the important features of handwriting data and also extract the fuzzy edge features of handwriting images.These characteristics of the CAS Transformer enable it to outperform current advanced deep learning methods in classification, with an accuracy of 92.68% in experiments conducted on two handwritten datasets.
Fast processing models effects of reflections on binaural unmasking
Authors: Bischof Norbert F. , Aublin Pierre G. , Seeber Bernhard U. 
Published: May 2023

Sound reflections and late reverberation alter energetic and binaural cues of a target source, thereby affecting its detection in noise. Two experiments investigated detection of harmonic complex tones, centered around 500 Hz, in noise, in a virtual room with different modifications of simulated room impulse responses (RIRs). Stimuli were auralized using the Simulated Open Field Environment’s (SOFE’s) loudspeakers in anechoic space. The target was presented from the front (0°) or 60° azimuth, while an anechoic noise masker was simultaneously presented at 0°. In the first experiment, early reflections were progressively added to the RIR and detection thresholds of the reverberant target were measured. For a frontal sound source, detection thresholds decreased while adding early reflections within the first 45 ms, whereas for a lateral sound source, thresholds remained constant. In the second experiment, early reflections were removed while late reflections were kept along with the direct sound. Results for a target at 0° show that even reflections as late as 150 ms reduce detection thresholds compared to only the direct sound. A binaural model with a sluggishness component following the computation of binaural unmasking in short windows predicts measured and literature results better than when large windows are used.
Factor XIII and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Alesci Sonja , Wahle Matthias , Himsel Andrea , Miesbach Wolfgang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma) is a severe autoimmune connective tissue disease which affects the skin and internal organs. There has been evidence that coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) has a positive impact on clinical results in patients with SSc. In a single-center cohort study, we investigated the relationship between coagulation FXIII, endothelial dysfunction, and skin infection in SSc. Fifty-six patients could be included and were divided into two groups (with and without scleroderma). Markers of inflammation, coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction like C-reactive protein, leucocytes, fibrinogen, FVIII, VWF-Ag (von Willebrand factor antigen), D-dimers, and vascular endothelial growth factor were analyzed as well as MRSS (modified Rodnan skin scores) data were evaluated. Reduced daily activities were evaluated by the Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ). There were no significant correlations between FXIII activity, MRSS, and SHAQ score. There were correlations between FXIII activity and Raynaud's phenomenon–related symptoms and a weak but not significant positive correlation with the level of pain. A significant correlation between VWF-Ag and lung-associated complaints (n = 56; p = 0.41, p < 0.0001) was found. Moreover, the study showed a correlation between VWF-Ag and MRSS (r [N = 48] = 0.4, p = 0.01), which means that higher VWF-Ag levels come along with more severe skin involvement. A trend toward a negative correlation between FXIII activity and VWF-Ag as marker of endothelial dysfunction was found (r [N = 56] = − 0.20, p = 0.15). In our cohort, there is no FXIII deficiency in patients with SSc. FXIII might have a role in improving cutaneous manifestations indirectly by means of a moderating influence on endothelial dysfunction. Further clinical evaluation is needed.
188Re-N-DEDC Lipiodol for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)—A Clinical and Prospective Study to Assess In-Vivo Distribution in Patients and Clinical Feasibility of Therapy
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Gupta Priyanka , Shamim Shamim Ahmed , Chirayil Viju , Subramanian Suresh , Mallia Madhava B. , Bal Chandrasekhar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective The incidence of inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with/without malignant portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is increasing in India for the last decade; thus, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India, developed diethydithiocarbamate (DEDC), a new transarterial radionuclide therapy (TART) agent. 188Re-N-DEDC lipiodol is an emerging radiotherapeutic agent for inoperable HCC treatment due to its simple and onsite labeling procedure, cost-effectiveness, and least radiation-induced side effects. This study aimed to evaluate in-vivo biodistribution and clinical feasibility of 188Re-N-DEDC lipiodol TART in HCC and optimization of labeling procedure to assess post-labeling stability and radiochemical yield of labeled lipiodol with 188Re-N-DEDC complex.Materials and Methods DEDC kits were obtained as gift from BARC, Mumbai. Therapy was given to 31 HCC patients. Post-therapy planar and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging were performed to see tumor uptake and biodistribution. Clinical feasibility and toxicity were decided by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 (CTCAE v 5.0).Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics was done for data using SPSS v22. Values was expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median with range.Results Post-therapy planar and SPECT/CT imaging showed radiotracer localization in hepatic lesions. Few patients showed lungs uptake due to hepato-pulmonary shunt (lung shunt < 10%). Maximum clearance was observed through urinary tract with very less elimination through hepatobiliary route due to slow rate of leaching of tracer. No patient showed myelosuppression or any other long-term toxicity over median follow-up of 6 months. Mean overall % radiochemical yield of 188Re-N-DEDC lipiodol was 86.04 ± 2.35%. The complex 188Re-N-DEDC was found to be stable at 37°C under sterile condition over a period of 1 hour without any significant change on the % radiochemical purity (90.83 ± 3.24%, 89.78 ± 3.67%, 89.22 ± 3.77% at 0, 0.5, 1 hours, respectively).Conclusion Human biodistribution showed very high retention of radiotracer in hepatic lesions with no long-term toxicity with this therapy. The kit preparation procedure is ideally suited for a busy hospital radio-pharmacy. By this procedure, 188Re-N-DEDC lipiodol can be prepared in high radiochemical yield within a short time (∼45 minutes). Thus, 188Re-N-DEDC lipiodol can be considered for TART in advanced and/or intermediate HCC.
Expressed Breastfeeding: Knowledge and Attitude of Postnatal Women
Authors: Varghese Mariamol , Sebastian Minnu , Shanid Muhammad , Varghese Taniya , D'Souza Renita Priya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction Breastfeeding is the most valuable thing that mother can offer to her child. Breast milk provides all the necessary nutrients that are necessary for the overall growth and development of the infant. Mothers can continue feeding their infants with expressed breast milk even if they have to get separated from the child for any reasons. Expressed breastfeeding is a less used option by mothers due to multiple reasons.
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding expressed breastfeeding among postnatal women.
Methodology A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The nonprobability convenience sampling technique was adopted to select 80 postnatal women. A self-developed pretested knowledge questionnaire and structured attitude scale was used to collect the data from postnatal women.
Result Majority of postnatal women (73.8%) were in the age group of 21 to 30 years, 36.3% were with gravida and Para 2, 33.8% were having two children and most of them, 81.3%, were homemakers, and 66.3% were not practiced expressed breastfeeding. Satisfactory level of knowledge regarding expressed breastfeeding was found among 41.3%, while 40% had average knowledge. The mean knowledge score was 7.7 ± 4.20 with a maximum score of 15. Attitude toward expressed breastfeeding was unfavorable among 55 (68.75%) of the postnatal women, while 25 (31.25%) women had the favorable attitude. The mean attitude score was 46.96 ± 6.11 with a maximum possible score of 70. There was significant correlation between knowledge and attitude score with p-value is 0.03. The chi-squared computed between knowledge score and demographic variables revealed that there is significant association between knowledge score and age of postnatal women.
Conclusion The knowledge level was satisfactory among one-third of participants, but it was not adequate among the majority of participants. Attitude was not very favorable that indicates motivation of postnatal women by health workers is in very much need.
Lateral Mass Intrapedicular Screw Fixation for Subaxial Cervical Spines: A Short- to Medium-Term Retrospective Follow-Up Study of 20 Cases
Authors: Kojima Kota , Asamoto Shunji , Hori Takahiro , Endo Takahiro , Fukui Yasuyuki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Lateral mass intrapedicular screw(LMIS) fixation was introduced in 2021 as an alternative method for the fixation of subaxial cervical spines for the treatment of various cervical spine disease. The objective of this study is to provide a short- to medium-term result of the 20 patients who underwent cervical spine fixation using LMIS.
Methods Twenty patients with varying cervical spine pathology who underwent cervical spine fixation using LMIS in a 21-month period were included in the study. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging was used to evaluate the screw placement.
Results A total of 105 screws were used. The average screw size used was 3.5 × 14 mm. The average screw angle in the axial plane was 18 degrees. Five screws had breached the inner cortex of the vertebral canal. None of the patients had any postsurgical neurologic deficit. Fifteen screws did not reach the pedicle. Intraoperative fixation was excellent and no screw showed signs of loosening in the subsequent follow-up imaging.
Conclusion LMIS is a good alternative to the commonly used methods for subaxial cervical spine fixation and is worth considering in many patients.
Role of Executive Functions in Lexical Selection
Authors: Shaji Sneha Roslyn , Jacob Hima , Shivaiah Chandana , P. Abhishek B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives This article determines the number of correct responses under confrontation naming, producing category coordinates, superordinates, and features associated with the target.
Materials and Methods Thirty participants in the age range of 18 to 30 years served as participants. The study was carried out in Malayalam, the native language of the participants. A conditioned naming task was administered to the participants.
Statistical Analysis Within-group analysis was carried out using Friedman's test.
Results It was found that the participants erred more in naming category coordinates, derivatives, and superordinates.
Conclusion The amount of cognitive control varied for each of these conditional naming tasks, and with increasing complexity in cognitive control, scores on conditional naming tasks also differed, showing the relationship between these two aspects.
Sliding friction on ice
Authors: Miyashita N. , Yakini A. E. , Pyckhout-Hintzen W. , Persson B. N. J. 
Published: May 2023

We study the friction when rectangular blocks made from rubber, polyethylene, and silica glass are sliding on ice surfaces at different temperatures ranging from −40 to 0 °C, and sliding speeds ranging from 3 μm/s to 1 cm s−1. We consider a winter tire rubber compound both in the form of a compact block and as a foam with ∼10% void volume. We find that both rubber compounds exhibit a similar friction on ice for all studied temperatures. As in a previous study at low temperatures and low sliding speeds, we propose that an important contribution to the friction force is due to slip between the ice surface and ice fragments attached to the rubber surface. At temperatures around 0 °C (or for high enough sliding speeds), a thin pre-melted water film will occur at the rubber–ice interface, and the contribution to the friction from shearing the area of real contact is small. In this case, the dominant contribution to the friction force is due to viscoelastic deformations of the rubber by the ice asperities. The sliding friction for polyethylene (PE) and silica glass (SG) blocks on ice differs strongly from that of rubber. The friction coefficient for PE is ∼0.04−0.15 and is relatively weakly velocity dependent except close to the ice melting temperature where the friction coefficient increases toward low sliding speeds. Silica glass exhibits a similarly low friction as PE for T &gt; −10 °C but very large friction coefficients (of order unity) at low temperatures. For both PE and SG, unless the ice track is very smooth, the friction force depends on the position x along the sliding track. This is due to bumps on the ice surface, which are sheared off by the elastically stiff PE and SG blocks, resulting in a plowing-type of contribution to the friction force. This results in friction coefficients, which locally can be very large ∼1, and visual inspection of the ice surface after the sliding acts show ice wear particles (white powder) in regions where ice bumps occur. Similar effects can be expected for rubber blocks below the rubber glass transition temperature, and the rubber is in the (elastically stiff) glassy state.
Recombination of vibrationally cold N2+ ions with electrons
Authors: Uvarova L. , Rednyk S. , Dohnal P. , Kassayová M. , Saito S. , Roučka Š. , Plašil R. , Johnsen R. , Glosík J. 
Published: May 2023

Recombination of vibrationally cold N2+ ions with electrons was studied in the temperature range of 140–250 K. A cryogenic stationary afterglow apparatus equipped with cavity ring-down spectrometer and microwave diagnostics was utilized to probe in situ the time evolutions of number densities of particular rotational and vibrational states of N2+ ions and of electrons. The obtained value of the recombination rate coefficient for the recombination of the vibrational ground state of N2+ with electrons is αv=0 = (2.95 ± 0.50) × 10−7(300/T)(0.28±0.07) cm3 s−1, while that for the first vibrationally excited state was inferred as αv=1 = (4 ± 4) × 10−8 cm3 s−1 at 250 K.
CRISPR editing demonstrates rs10490924 raised oxidative stress in iPSC-derived retinal cells from patients with
ARMS2/HTRA1
-related AMD
Authors: Chang Ya-Ju , Jenny Laura A. , Li Yong-Shi , Cui Xuan , Kong Yang , Li Yao , Sparrow Janet R. , Tsang Stephen H. 
Published: May 2023

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic risk loci for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on the chromosome 10q26 (Chr10) locus and are tightly linked: the A69S (G>T) rs10490924 single-nucleotide variant (SNV) and the AATAA-rich insertion–deletion (indel, del443/ins54), which are found in the age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (
ARMS2
) gene, and the G512A (G>A) rs11200638 SNV, which is found in the high-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1 (
HTRA1
) promoter. The fourth variant is Y402H complement factor H (
CFH
), which directs
CFH
signaling. CRISPR manipulation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells may allow one to isolate the effects of the individual SNV and thus identify SNV-specific effects on cell phenotype. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) editing demonstrates that rs10490924 raised oxidative stress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal cells from patients with AMD. Sodium phenylbutyrate preferentially reverses the cell death caused by
ARMS2
rs10490924 but not
HTRA1
rs11200638. This study serves as a proof of concept for the use of patient-specific iPSCs for functional annotation of tightly linked GWAS to study the etiology of a late-onset disease phenotype. More importantly, we demonstrate that antioxidant administration may be useful for reducing reactive oxidative stress in AMD, a prevalent late-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Nanotopography modulates intracellular excitable systems through cytoskeleton actuation
Authors: Yang Qixin , Miao Yuchuan , Banerjee Parijat , Hourwitz Matt J. , Hu Minxi , Qing Quan , Iglesias Pablo A. , Fourkas John T. , Losert Wolfgang , Devreotes Peter N. 
Published: May 2023

Cellular sensing of most environmental cues involves receptors that affect a signal-transduction excitable network (STEN), which is coupled to a cytoskeletal excitable network (CEN). We show that the mechanism of sensing of nanoridges is fundamentally different. CEN activity occurs preferentially on nanoridges, whereas STEN activity is constrained between nanoridges. In the absence of STEN, waves disappear, but long-lasting F-actin puncta persist along the ridges. When CEN is suppressed, wave propagation is no longer constrained by nanoridges. A computational model reproduces these experimental observations. Our findings indicate that nanotopography is sensed directly by CEN, whereas STEN is only indirectly affected due to a CEN-STEN feedback loop. These results explain why texture sensing is robust and acts cooperatively with multiple other guidance cues in complex, in vivo microenvironments.