bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Update on Identification and Treatment of Infants and Toddlers With Suspected Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Highman Chantelle , Overby Megan , Leitão Suze , Abbiati Claudia , Velleman Shelley 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this tutorial is to (a) provide an updated review of the literature pertaining to proposed early features of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), (b) discuss the findings of recent treatment studies of infants and toddlers with suspected CAS (sCAS), and (c) present evidence-based strategies and tools that can be used for the identification of and intervention for infants and toddlers with sCAS or at high risk for the disorder.

Method:
Since Davis and Velleman's (2000) seminal work on assessment and intervention in infants and toddlers with sCAS, limited research has guided clinicians in the complex task of identifying and treating early speech motor difficulties prior to a definitive diagnosis of CAS. Following the structure of Davis and Velleman, we explore the proposed early characteristics of CAS with reference to contemporary research. Next, we describe the limited treatment studies that have investigated intervention for infants and toddlers at risk of or suspected of having CAS. Finally, we present practical suggestions for integrating this knowledge into clinical practice.

Conclusions:
Many of the originally proposed correlates of CAS in infants and toddlers now have research supporting their presence. However, questions remain about the developmental trajectory of the disorder. Although limited in number and restricted by lack of experimental control, emerging treatment studies can help guide clinicians in providing appropriate intervention to infants and toddlers with sCAS who need not wait for a definitive diagnosis to initiate intervention.
The physical and chemical structure of Sagittarius B2
Authors: Möller T. , Schilke P. , Sánchez-Monge Á. , Schmiedeke A. , Meng F. 
Published: July 2023

Context. Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2) is a giant molecular cloud complex in the central molecular zone of our Galaxy hosting several sites of high-mass star formation. The two main centers of activity are Sgr B2(M) and Sgr B2(N), which contain 27 and 20 continuum sources, respectively. Our analysis aims to be a comprehensive modeling of each core spectrum, where we take the complex interaction between molecular lines, dust attenuation, and free-free emission arising from H II regions into account. In this work, which is the first of two papers on the complete analysis, we determine the dust and, if H II regions are contained, the parameters of the free-free thermal emission of the ionized gas for each core, and derive a self-consistent description of the continuum levels of each core.
Aims. Using the high sensitivity of ALMA, we characterize the physical and chemical structure of these continuum sources and gain better insight into the star formation process within the cores.
Methods. We used ALMA to perform an unbiased spectral line survey of all 47 sources in ALMA band 6 with a frequency coverage from 211 to 275 GHz. In order to model the free-free continuum contribution of a specific core, we fit the contained recombination lines to obtain the electron temperatures and the emission measures, where we use an extended XCLASS program to describe recombination lines and free-free continuum simultaneously. In contrast to previous analyses, we derived the corresponding parameters here not only for each core, but also for their local surrounding envelope, and determined their physical properties.
Results. The distribution of recombination lines we found in the core spectra closely fits the distribution of H II regions described in previous analyses. In Sgr B2(M), the three inner sources are the most massive, whereas in Sgr B2(N) the innermost core A01 dominates all other sources in mass and size. For the cores we determine average dust temperatures of around 236 K (Sgr B2(M)) and 225 K (Sgr B2(N)), while the electronic temperatures are located in a range between 3800 and 23 800 K.
Conclusions. The self-consistent description of the continuum levels and the quantitative description of the dust and free-free contributions form the basis for the further analysis of the chemical composition of the individual sources, which is continued in the next paper. This detailed modeling will give us a more complete picture of the star formation process in this exciting environment.
La physiothérapie française est-elle prête à intégrer des tests de concordance de script dans sa formation initiale ? Étude de faisabilité et d’acceptabilité
Authors: Perdrix Yannick , Grellet Raphaël , Martin Sébastien , Launay Frédéric , Barthelet Valérie 
Published: July 2023

Contexte : La réforme de la formation en physiothérapie en France a été marquée par la montée en charge des concepts de compétence, de raisonnement clinique, d’incertitude et d’Evidence-Based Practice. Les tests de concordance de script (TCS) sont des outils pédagogiques permettant de répondre à ces nouveaux besoins mais leur utilisation en physiothérapie française n’est pas décrite à ce jour. Objectifs : Cette étude avait pour objectifs : (1) d’étudier la faisabilité de création et administration d’une séquence de TCS dans le contexte de formation initiale de physiothérapie française ; (2) d’étudier la qualité de la séquence créée et (3) d’étudier l’acceptabilité de ce dispositif pour la population d’étudiants. Méthodes : Une séquence TCS spécifique au champ musculo-squelettique, comportant 25 vignettes cliniques, soit 75 items, a été créée puis étalonnée par 16 panélistes. Elle a été soumise à des étudiants de cinquième année de physiothérapie issus de quatre instituts de formation en physiothérapie et des professionnels en activité. La faisabilité, la qualité et l’acceptabilité ont été évaluées grâce à une analyse psychométrique et un questionnaire d’opinion soumis aux étudiants et aux panélistes. Résultats : Le test a été administré à 206 étudiants et 51 professionnels. L’analyse psychométrique de la séquence optimisée (66 items) montre une validité et une fidélité satisfaisante. Les questionnaires d’opinion montrent un accueil très favorable. Conclusion : La faisabilité et l’acceptabilité des TCS semblent favorables à une implantation et un développement en formation initiale de physiothérapie française.
Intensivnachsorge-Ambulanz – Nachsorge kritisch kranker Patienten – Eine Aufgabe für die Pneumologie?
Authors: Sticht Florian , Malfertheiner Maximilian 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungMit steigender Anzahl intensivmedizinisch behandelter Patienten steigt auch die Zahl derer, die an den Langzeitfolgen kritischer Erkrankungen und den Folgen eines Aufenthalts auf einer Intensivstation leiden. Für diese Patientengruppe mit einem Post-Intensive-Care-Syndrom (PICS) gibt es bisher keine spezialisierten ambulanten Versorgungsstrukturen, welche sich an den Krankenhausaufenthalt und eine mögliche Anschlussheilbehandlung anschließen. Eine Reihe an Studien erforscht die Effektivität von Intensivnachsorgeambulanzen national und international.In dieser Übersichtsarbeit soll nach Darstellung des PICS und dem damit einhergehenden komplexen Betreuungsbedarf verschiedene Modellprojekte zur ambulanten Nachsorge kritisch kranker PatientInnen vorgestellt werden. Wir diskutieren, ob die Pneumologie besonders geeignet ist für die Therapiesteuerung dieser komplexen Krankheitsbilder durch die Erfahrung in der Behandlung intensivmedizinscher Patienten und der ambulanten Versorgung chronisch kranker Patienten.
Fibrinogen Bonn (p. Arg510Cys) in the Aα-Chain Is Associated with High Risk of Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Ivaškevičius V. , Biswas A. , Singh S. , Stulpinaitė U. , Reda S. , Rühl H. , Pezeshkpoor B. , Pavlova A. , Oldenburg J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction Inherited dysfibrinogenemia is a qualitative defect of fibrinogen caused by various mutations among three fibrinogen genes. Dysfibrinogenemia can be associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, bleeding, or both. Here, we report a 36-year-old female with dysfibrinogenemia who experienced two successful pregnancies under thromboprophylaxis after cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST).
Patients and Methods In addition to plasmatic coagulation tests, fibrinogen genes FGA, FGB, and FGG were screened using direct genomic DNA sequencing. The structural-functional implications of the detected mutation were analyzed in silico.
Results Inherited dysfibrinogenemia was diagnosed in an index patient after CVST in a risk situation. Anticoagulation with warfarin was stopped after 12 months when the first pregnancy was planned. Pregnancy and spontaneous delivery (2020) was uncomplicated. A second pregnancy was interrupted because of acute cytomegalovirus infection and the third pregnancy was successful in 2022. Pregnancies were accompanied by thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin 40 mg once daily until 6 weeks postpartum. Substitution of fibrinogen has not become necessary in the index patient so far. Genetic analysis revealed a novel missense mutation (p. Arg510Cys) in the FGA gene (“fibrinogen Bonn”) in the index patient, as well as an asymptomatic sister, and their father who experienced recurrent pulmonary embolism. Surface exposure of wild-type Arg510 suggested the mutated Cys510 to form nonnative disulfide bonds with surface-exposed reactive cysteines from other plasma proteins like albumin leading to formation of aggregates and impaired fibrinolysis.
Conclusions Fibrinogen Bonn might be associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, possibly due to impaired polymerization.
Digitale Prävention von Substanzgebrauchsstörungen,
problematischer Mediennutzung und problematischem
Glücksspiel
Authors: Tensil Marc-Dennan , Aenis Vera , Becker Nina , Leuschner Fabian 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Ansprache von Zielgruppen der Suchtprävention
erfolgt bereits seit über 20 Jahren auch digital. Zur konkreten
Ausgestaltung und der Inanspruchnahme digitaler Angebote der
Suchtprävention und damit verbundener Frühinterventionen stehen
jedoch bisher nur wenige Informationen zur Verfügung.
Methode Anhand der Daten aus der begleitenden Evaluation von drei
digitalen Suchtpräventionsangeboten zu den Themenbereichen
Substanzgebrauchsstörungen, problematische Mediennutzung und
problematischem Glücksspiel wird die Umsetzung und Inanspruchnahme
digitaler Suchtprävention dargestellt.
Ergebnisse Unabhängig von ihrem thematischen Kontext fokussieren
die drei Plattformen jeweils die Aspekte Informationsvermittlung und
Risikoaufklärung, individualisiertes Feedback für Nutzende sowie
niedrigschwellige Übergänge in professionelle (digitale)
Unterstützungsangebote. Die Daten aus der Evaluation deuten darauf hin,
dass die avisierten Zielgruppen mit den jeweiligen Angeboten gut erreicht werden
können. Deutliche Unterschiede gibt es zwischen den Plattformen
hinsichtlich der Reichweite der Angebote und mutmaßlich auch
hinsichtlich der Erreichbarkeit besonders vulnerabler Zielgruppen.
Schlussfolgerung Digitale Angebote der Suchtprävention haben das
Potential, frühzeitig, niedrigschwellig und mit hoher Reichweite
spezifische Risikogruppen zu erreichen. Für den Aufbau und die
Aufrechterhaltung einer relevanten Reichweite scheinen kontinuierliche
Investitionen, insbesondere in fundierte Inhalte, unerlässlich zu sein.
Personen mit einem geringen Bildungsniveau werden durch die noch immer
überwiegend textbasierten Inhalte und Angebote der Plattformen offenbar
nur sehr eingeschränkt erreicht.
One-Pot Synthesis of Quinoxaline N-Oxides via Radical-Mediated Cyclization of Ketene N,S-Acetals
Authors: Singh Maya Shankar , Kumar Ganesh , Ray Subhasish , Shukla Gaurav 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of bench-stable quinoxaline N-oxides has been realized using α-oxoketene N,S-acetals and tert-butyl nitrite (TBN) in open air via cascade annulation. The double functionalization of N,S-acetals proceeds through an unanticipated (Csp2)–H nitrosation by NO radical (generated in situ by TBN) and subsequent intramolecular N-arylation leading to quinoxaline, which undergoes oxidation to quinoxaline N-oxides harboring three variegated substituents on their framework. Notably, two new C–N bonds are formed with the same N-oxide nitrogen. This protocol features short reaction time, good functional group tolerance and mild conditions, and does not require the use of either catalyst or external additive.
Traumatic Acute Vertex Epidural Hematoma(vEDH): A Case Report
Authors: Tyngkan Lamkordor , Laloo Memida , Pasi Mebanshanbor Garod 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVertex epidural hematoma (vEDH) is a rare type of intracranial hematoma, which accounts for 0.024% of all head injuries and 0.47 to 8.2% of intracranial hematoma, with high mortality rate of approximately 50% if not detected early. We report a case of 30-year-old male with fall from height presenting with headache and bradycardia. Craniotomy with complete evacuation of vEDH was done. vEDH is a relatively rare entity and in suspected case of vEDH one should always get thin cuts of computed tomography along with sagittal and coronal cuts.
Immunohistochemical expression of programmed death ligand (PD-L1) is associated with poor differentiation, higher tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and higher t and n stage in colorectal adenocarcinoma: A single-center analytical study of 52 cases in South India
Authors: Katta Ramya , Reddy Thumma Rayapa , Sai Pesala Divya , Padma Madana 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Colorectal adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. These tumors are heterogeneous in terms of genomic alterations, immune response of the microenvironment, drug responsiveness, and biological behavior. Physiologically and pathologically, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a key immune-regulatory molecule that suppresses immune response. PD-L1 expression on tumor cell has been implicated as a cause of immune evasion by tumor cells in many cancers. However, its activity in colorectal carcinomas is still under study. The aim of this study is to correlate PD-L1 marker expression with patient demographics, clinicopathological features, and TNM (tumor size, node involvement, and metastasis status) stage, and to find if there exists any significant correlation between them.

Materials and Methods:
The present study is a 3-year retrospective analytical study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Specimens were routinely fixed, processed, and cut. Hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections and corresponding PD-L1-stained sections were analyzed and data were tabulated.

Statistical analysis:
Results were tabulated and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (version 24). The chi-squared test was used to calculate the value of significance (p value).

Results:
PD-L1 expression on tumor cells was significantly associated with female gender, right-sided tumors, poorly differentiated tumors, higher number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and higher T and N statuses.

Conclusion:
High PD-L1 expression on tumor cells is a marker for poor prognosis. A subset of colorectal adenocarcinoma may benefit with anti-PD-L1-targeted therapy.
Charge transfer transitions of the O2+–Ar and O2+–N2 complexes
Authors: Catani Katherine J. , Bartlett Nastasia I. , Scholz Michael S. , Muller Giel , Taylor Peter R. , Bieske Evan J. 
Published: July 2023

Electronic transitions are observed for the O2+–Ar and O2+–N2 complexes over the 225–350 nm range. The transitions are not associated with recognized electronic band systems of the respective atomic and diatomic constituents (Ar+, Ar, O2+, O2, N2+, and N2) but rather are due to charge transfer transitions. Onsets of the O2+–Ar and O2+–N2 band systems occur at 3.68 and 3.62 eV, respectively, corresponding to the difference in the ionization potentials of Ar and O2 (3.69 eV), and N2 and of O2 (3.51 eV), suggesting the band systems arise from intramolecular charge transfer transitions to states correlating with O2(X3Σg−) + Ar+ (2Pu) and O2(X3Σg−) + N2+(X2Σg+) limits, respectively. The dominant vibronic progressions have ωe values of 1565 cm−1 for O2+–Ar and 1532 cm−1 for O2+–N2, reasonably close to the value for the neutral O2  molecule in its X3Σg− state (1580 cm−1). Higher energy band systems for O2+–Ar and O2+–N2 are assigned to transitions to states correlating with the O2 (a1Δg) + Ar+ (2Pu) and O2 (a1Δg) + N2+(X2Σg+) limits, respectively.
Falsos amigos fraseológicos
Authors: Gutiérrez Pérez Regina , Larreta Zulategui Juan Pablo 
Published: July 2023

Abstracta
En este estudio pretendemos establecer una serie de criterios para comparar falsos amigos fraseológicos y comprobar a continuación su validez mediante la recogida y análisis de un conjunto de datos empíricos obtenidos a partir de una prueba de traducción repartida a hablantes con dos combinaciones lingüísticas (inglés-español y español-alemán).
El análisis es un primer acercamiento práctico al fenómeno e intenta hallar indicios de si se da más allá de un par de lenguas concretas. Para ello, se establece, de acuerdo con su naturaleza, un tertium comparationis tanto para analizar la identidad o similitud entre locuciones idiomáticas del español, inglés y alemán en el plano formal como para analizar su simultánea falta de equivalencia en el plano del contenido.
Presentamos evidencia empírica de que las interferencias semánticas conocidas como falsos amigos tienen lugar en el campo del lenguaje figurado y, más concretamente, de las locuciones idiomáticas.
Perspectives on instrumentation development for chemical species tomography in reactive-flow diagnosis
Authors: Liu Chang , McCann Hugh , Xu Lijun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chemical species tomography (CST) has been deployed in a wide range of applications in the last two decades for multi-dimensional measurement of gaseous flow fields. CST offers unique capability for spatiotemporally resolved imaging of multiple thermochemical parameters. It is fundamentally robust, highly sensitive, and adaptable to industrial processes and large-scale combustion systems. The instrumentation methods used to implement CST measurements are critical in determining the physical and chemical variables that may be imaged by CST. In this perspective, we have three main objectives: (a) discuss recent advances in CST instruments from the viewpoint of optics and electronics; (b) highlight the on-going challenges for systems to address the ever-increasing requirements on temporal and spatial resolutions; and (c) consider potential developments for next-generation CST instrumentation.
A hybrid method of correcting CBCT for proton range estimation with deep learning and deformable image registration
Authors: Uh Jinsoo , Wang Chuang , Jordan Jacob A , Pirlepesov Fakhriddin , Becksfort Jared B , Ates Ozgur , Krasin Matthew J , Hua Chia-Ho 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective. This study aimed to develop a novel method for generating synthetic CT (sCT) from cone-beam CT (CBCT) of the abdomen/pelvis with bowel gas pockets to facilitate estimation of proton ranges. Approach. CBCT, the same-day repeat CT, and the planning CT (pCT) of 81 pediatric patients were used for training (n = 60), validation (n = 6), and testing (n = 15) of the method. The proposed method hybridizes unsupervised deep learning (CycleGAN) and deformable image registration (DIR) of the pCT to CBCT. The CycleGAN and DIR are respectively applied to generate the geometry-weighted (high spatial-frequency) and intensity-weighted (low spatial-frequency) components of the sCT, thereby each process deals with only the component weighted toward its strength. The resultant sCT is further improved in bowel gas regions and other tissues by iteratively feeding back the sCT to adjust incorrect DIR and by increasing the contribution of the deformed pCT in regions of accurate DIR. Main results. The hybrid sCT was more accurate than deformed pCT and CycleGAN-only sCT as indicated by the smaller mean absolute error in CT numbers (28.7 ± 7.1 HU versus 38.8 ± 19.9 HU/53.2 ± 5.5 HU; P ≤ 0.012) and higher Dice similarity of the internal gas regions (0.722 ± 0.088 versus 0.180 ± 0.098/0.659 ± 0.129; P ≤ 0.002). Accordingly, the hybrid method resulted in more accurate proton range for the beams intersecting gas pockets (11 fields in 6 patients) than the individual methods (the 90th percentile error in 80% distal fall-off, 1.8 ± 0.6 mm versus 6.5 ± 7.8 mm/3.7 ± 1.5 mm; P ≤ 0.013). The gamma passing rates also showed a significant dosimetric advantage by the hybrid method (99.7 ± 0.8% versus 98.4 ± 3.1%/98.3 ± 1.8%; P ≤ 0.007). Significance. The hybrid method significantly improved the accuracy of sCT and showed promises in CBCT-based proton range verification and adaptive replanning of abdominal/pelvic proton therapy even when gas pockets are present in the beam path.
The effect of microstructural barriers on transient crack growth in shape memory alloys
Authors: Mutlu Fatma , Anlaş Günay , Şehitoğlu Hüseyin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
There are several issues to be solved in the fracture mechanics of shape memory alloys, one of them being the resistance to crack growth and therefore to fracture. This paper discusses the crack growth in a single crystal CoNiAl shape memory alloy under cyclic loading and the effect of micro-structural barriers. To observe the crack growth in detail, tests are conducted on edge-notched specimens. The displacement field is obtained using digital image correlation (DIC), and the fracture parameters are calculated by fitting anisotropic crack tip displacement equations to DIC data. Similar crack growth behaviors are observed in both superelastic and shape memory specimens, with a comparatively higher crack growth rate in the superelastic case: first a crack initiates at the notch and grows, then new cracks are observed to form near the tip of the main crack, or on the notch when the growth slows down. Then, further cyclic loading leads to the growth of the main crack and the new crack simultaneously with the two cracks merging at the end. Test specimens are examined post-failure with optical microscopy to better understand this complicated behavior. Results showed the presence of a non-transforming secondary (γ) phase around the regions where the propagating cracks slowed down, deviated, and/or stopped, improving the resistance of the shape memory alloy specimen to fracture.
Testing type II seesaw leptogenesis at the LHC*
Authors: Han Chengcheng , Lei Zhanhong , Liao Weihao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Type II seesaw leptogenesis simultaneously explains the origin of neutrino masses, the baryon asymmetry of our universe, and inflation. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) provides an opportunity to directly test type II seesaw leptogenesis by looking for the predicted triplet Higgs. In this paper, we perform an analysis of the detection prospect for the triplet Higgs at the LHC through multi-electron channels. We find that due to the contribution of the

process, the sensitivity of multi-electron channels searching for doubly-charged Higgs pair production can be improved. We also investigate the

signals to probe

production and find that the future high luminosity LHC could probe a triplet Higgs around 1.2 TeV at the

level.