bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type 2 diabetes clusters in the Novosibirsk region
Authors: Bondar I. A. , Shabelnikova O. Y. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disease. Determination of different T2DM phenotypes will improve the prediction of metabolic disorders, the risk of complications and individual diabetes therapy.AIM: To identify clusters of T2DM in patients with different duration of diabetes with a study of the frequency of diabetic complications and drug therapy in the Novosibirsk region.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out at Diamodul in the period 2013–2017 in the Novosibirsk region. K-means cluster analysis was performed in 2805 T2DM patients aged 44 to 75 years with a duration of diabetes of 7.84±6.53 years based on 5 variables — HbA1c, age at diagnosis, BMI, C-peptide, sex.RESULTS: Cluster analysis identified three clusters: cluster 1 in 1003 patients (35.7%) with preserved β-cell function, age of T2DM diagnosis 51.72±8.29 years and BMI 33.50±5.74 kg/m2, in men there was a 27% higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy compared to women. Cluster 2 in 432 patients (15.4%) with increased function of β-cells, the age of diagnosis of T2DM was older — 52.91±7.75 years, patients had a higher BMI of 35.64±7.21 kg/m2 and more high diastolic blood pressure, earlier development of diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and polyneuropathy, and better response to metformin therapy and combined therapy with metformin and sulfonylurea. Cluster 3 in 1370 patients (48.8%) with reduced function of β-cells, the age of diagnosing T2DM was younger — 49.63±8.32 years, patients had a lower BMI of 33.09±6.36 kg/m2 and had longer diabetes, high fasting glucose levels, males were associated with a higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy (by 26%) compared with women, the first line of therapy was insulin therapy in 52.8% of patients.CONCLUSION: The conducted study in T2DM patients with different duration of diabetes confirmed the possibility of using cluster analysis to identify phenotypes of T2DM in the Russian population by five variables (HbA1c, age at the time of diagnosis, BMI, C-peptide, gender). A high incidence of early development of diabetic polyneuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy was revealed in a cluster with increased function of β-cells, male gender was risk factor for diabetic nephropathy and polyneuropathy.
Innovative Property for Innovative Land Policy: Four Normative Principles
Authors: Davy Benjamin 
Published: July 2023

Innovative land policy does not yield to the pressure of short-term capital exploitation. Rather, innovative land policy establishes a fair balance between the interests of landowners and the public interest. As a keystone of land policy, property – particularly if open to innovation – plays a vital role in achieving this balance. This commentary explains four normative principles that help design innovative property. Since the four principles derive from long-standing ideas about property in land, the commentary uses a distinctly conservative approach. This approach, however, is quite innovative in the face of the reductionist view of property as a right that only serves the purposes of its owners. According to the first principle, innovative land policy must pay attention to the nexus between private and common property. Under the second principle, property in land must account for the government’s positive duty to provide for adequate land uses for all. The third principle distinguishes between property rights of natural and legal persons: personal property guarantees individual liberty, but corporate property is a social function, not a right at all. The fourth principle reminds of the inseparable bond between property in land and land ethics.
Powered education based on Metaverse: Pre- and post-COVID comprehensive review
Authors: Alfiras M. , Bojiah Janaki , Mohammed M. N. , Ibrahim Firas Mohammed , Ahmed Husham M. , Abdullah Oday I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn recent years, an increasing interest has been in applying the Metaverse to create unique educational settings. This article reports a review of the literature on Metaverse and its application in higher educational settings to understand its definitive features, evolution from ideation to higher educational use cases, accessibility and affordability, ethical issues, current trends, and future research needs for effective and efficient Metaverse application in higher educational settings. A total of 58 publications between 1992 and 2022 retrieved from Google Scholar and other online portals were reviewed. The review was carried out using Nvivo software for qualitative data analysis to identify and extract the main themes from the reviewed papers, which were then organized thematically, discussed, and presented in the current article. The findings from this review provide an overview of the development of the Metaverse and its application in higher education from a pre-Covid and post-Covid perspective. It highlights the current state of research on applications of the Metaverse in higher education and the development of ten Metaversities funded by Meta, formerly Facebook. Furthermore, the article discusses the main concerns around adopting the Metaverse, which is mainly ethical issues such as data privacy, network security, netiquette, digital citizenship, copyright, and policies.
Performance evaluation of a 2.56 Tbps DP-16QAM WDM system under various channel spacings and weather conditions using MIMO configurations
Authors: Jaafar Jaafar Ali , Hadi Wael Abdul Hassan , Sabri Atheer A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a 16 × 160 Gbps DP-16QAM-WDM-FSO system with 100 and 25 GHz channel spacing, utilizing coherent detection with digital signal processing to enhance the receiver sensitivity. The system’s performance is evaluated under different climate circumstances, such as dust, rain, and fog. The MIMO technique with 2 × 2, 4 × 4, and 8 × 8 configurations are suggested to mitigate weather attenuation effects. Performance metrics, including bit error rate (BER), error vector magnitude (EVM %), quality factor (Q-factor), and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), are utilized to evaluate the system’s performance. Results show that the proposed system increases the maximum transmission distance by 12.67 %–49.33 %, 19.17 %–78.66 %, and 25.68 %–108 % for all weather circumstances when utilizing 2 × 2 MIMO, 4 × 4 MIMO, and 8 × 8 MIMO, respectively. Moreover, while reducing channel spacing improves the system’s spectral efficiency from 1.6 to 6.4 bits/s/Hz, it also degrades the link range and requires an increased OSNR. A performance comparison between our work and related works is also considered in this paper.
Implicit Sensorimotor Adaptation Proceeds in Absence of Movement Execution
Authors: Pawlowsky Constance , Thénault François , Bernier Pierre-Michel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn implicit sensorimotor adaptation, a mismatch between the predicted and actual sensory feedback results in a sensory prediction error (SPE). Sensory predictions have long been thought to be linked to descending motor commands, implying a necessary contribution of movement execution to adaptation. However, recent work has shown that mere motor imagery (MI) also engages predictive mechanisms, opening up the possibility that MI might be sufficient to drive implicit adaptation. In a within-subject design in humans (n = 30), implicit adaptation was assessed in a center-out reaching task, following a single exposure to a visuomotor rotation. It was hypothesized that performing MI of a reaching movement while being provided with an animation of rotated visual feedback (MI condition) would lead to postrotation biases (PRBs) similar to those observed when the movement is executed (Execution condition). Results revealed that both the MI and Execution conditions led to significant directional biases following rotated trials. Yet the magnitude of these biases was significantly larger in the Execution condition. To further probe the contribution of MI to adaptation, a Control condition was conducted in which participants were presented with the same rotated visual animation as in the MI condition, but in which they were prevented from performing MI. Surprisingly, significant biases were also observed in the Control condition, suggesting that MI per se may not have accounted for adaptation. Overall, these results suggest that implicit adaptation can be partially supported by processes other than those that strictly pertain to generating motor commands, although movement execution does potentiate it.
The Hippocampus Contributes to Temporal Discounting When Delays and Rewards Are Experienced in the Moment
Authors: Patt Virginie M. , Hunsberger Renee , Jones Dominoe A. , Verfaellie Mieke 
Published: July 2023

Temporal discounting (TD) represents the mental devaluation of rewards that are available after a delay. Whether the hippocampus is critical for TD remains unclear, with marked discrepancies between animal and human studies: although animals with discrete hippocampal lesions display impaired TD, human participants with similar lesions show intact performance on classic intertemporal choice tasks. A candidate explanation for this discrepancy is that delays and rewards are experienced in the moment in animal studies but tend to be hypothetical in human studies. We tested this hypothesis by examining the performance of amnesic participants with hippocampal lesions (one female, six males) on a novel experiential intertemporal choice task that used interesting photographs occluded by thick lines as rewards (Patt et al., 2021). Using a logistic function to model indifference points data, we compared performance to that on a classic intertemporal choice task with hypothetical outcomes. Participants with hippocampal lesions displayed impaired patterns of choices in the experiential task but not in the hypothetical task. Specifically, hippocampal lesions were associated with decreased amplitude of the delay-reward trade-off, with persistent choice of the delayed option despite delay increase. These results help explain previous discrepancies across animal and human studies, indicating that the hippocampus plays a critical role in temporal discounting when the outcomes of decisions are experienced in the moment, but not necessarily when they are hypothetical.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTImpaired temporal discounting (TD) has been related to maladaptive behaviors, including substance dependence and nonadherence to medical treatment. There is consensus that TD recruits the brain valuation network but whether the hippocampal memory system is additionally recruited remains unclear. This study examined TD in hippocampal amnesia, providing a unique opportunity to explore the role of the hippocampus in cognition. Whereas most human studies have used hypothetical outcomes, this study used a novel experiential task with real-time delays and rewards. Results demonstrated hippocampal involvement in the experiential task, but not in a classic hypothetical task administered for comparison. These findings elucidate previous discrepancies between animal and human TD studies. This reconciliation is critical as animals serve as models of human neurocognition.
Das Hauptgebäude der Universität Hamburg als Gedächtnisort
Authors: Lenzen Dieter , Krause Eckart , Recki Birgit , Schröder Ingrid , Donandt Rainer , Reich Karin , Rieter Heinz 
Published: July 2023

Am 13. Mai 2011 jährte sich die Einweihung des heutigen Hauptgebäudes der Universität Hamburg an der Edmund-Siemers-Allee zum 100. Mal. Am selben Tag wurde das 1999 begonnene Programm zur Benennung seiner sieben Hörsäle nach herausragenden, in der NS-Zeit vertriebenen Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern abgeschlossen. (Die bei dieser Gelegenheit gehaltenen Reden werden in den Hamburger Universitätsreden Neue Folge 18, 100 Jahre Hauptgebäude der Universität Hamburg, dokumentiert.) Aus doppeltem Anlass also erscheint dieses Buch, das neben einer Einführung in die facettenreiche Geschichte des Gebäudes erstmals Porträts der sieben Namensgeber der Hörsäle versammelt: biographische und werkanalytische Annäherungen an den Philosophen Ernst Cassirer, den Kunsthistoriker Erwin Panofsky, die Germanistin Agathe Lasch, den Mathematiker Emil Artin, die Juristin Magdalene Schoch, den Völkerrechtler und Friedensforscher Albrecht Mendelssohn Bartholdy sowie den Sozialökonomen Eduard Heimann. Gemeinsam mit den 2010 vor dem Kuppelbau verlegten „Stolpersteinen“ bilden die Hörsaalbenennungen ein Ensemble, durch welches das Hauptgebäude die Universität Hamburg auch als zentraler Gedächtnisort in besonderer Weise repräsentiert.
Der Film „BLICK RICHTEN“ vom Medienkompetenzzentrum der Universität Hamburg ist komplementär zum Buch zu betrachten.
Parameters influencing the fracture of Mo films and their wider significance
Authors: Cordill M. J. , Kreiml P. , Jörg T. , Zak S. , Mitterer C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFragmentation testing has been used for decades to assess thin film fracture and delamination. Hooke’s law is generally used to determine a film fracture stress from the crack onset strain observed in micrographs or measured as an electrical resistance increase. While this method is in theory suitable in the elastic regime, it neglects important film characteristics, such as residual stress, microstructure, or film architecture. Thus, there is a need to improve fracture analysis using fragmentation to avoid significant errors in measuring fracture stress or apparent fracture toughness of thin films. In-situ X-ray diffraction fragmentation experiments can measure the film fracture stress even for individual layers being part of a multilayer. Which characteristics influence the apparent fracture behavior will be demonstrated on Mo thin films on polyimide.
Graphical abstract
MANFAAT WAKAF TUNAI DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI UMMAT
Authors: Ubaidillah M. Hasan 
Published: July 2023

Waqf is part of Islamic economics system development that really potential as one of instrument to empowering economy of Islamic people. waqf can include as jariyah's charitable wichs is the reward never hangs up, although someone who gives waqf passed away. To the effect main investment waqf fund is subject to be optimize asset waqf function as medium to increase life quality and human's resource life. One of kind waqf is cash waqf. Cash waqf as smooth asset. The management cash waqf that professional shall, transparent and gets responsibility. Reliable institutes and criterion pock to bring off cash waqf is Syari's financial institutions . With involve Syariah's financial institution in waqf's management cash, therefore besides productive, waqf will can be invested to various investment type that advantages. Cash waqf constitutes one of sector element voluntary one that strongest deep Islamic. Cash waqf also give model mutual fund via mobilization lents fund tilled immortal through professionalism daring that trust in fund management -the. Forwards, waqf as one of voluntary fund in Islam will can become owner Islam trust, which is most composes fair society.
PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP PREFERENSI ANGGOTA DALAM PENGAJUAN PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH DI KJKS BMT-MMU CABANG SIDOGIRI PASURUAN
Authors: Fatmah Fatmah , Virdiany Fitri 
Published: July 2023

KJKS BMT-MMU Sidogiri Pasuruan is one of financial institutions which done by akad with duniawi and ukhrawi basic, because akad is done according to Islamic law (Shariah). The goal of this research is to analyze the influence of service quality and promotion to memberâ€™s preference in proposing mudharabah defrayal at KJKS BMT-MMU Branch Sidogiri Pasuruan. Service quality, promotion, and memberâ€™s preference is one union which difficult to be dissociated, because the service quality and promotion which is given to a company has direct effect to memberâ€™s preference.
This research is quantitative research with survey method, the goal of this research is to know the influence of service quality and promotion to memberâ€™s preference in proposing mudhaâ€™arabah defrayal at KJKS BMT-MMU Branch Sidogiri Pasuruan. To know this, it is used double linier analysis regress with F test and t test. The amount of sample n this research is 57 members with determinant sample used purposive sampling technique. The technique of data collection use questionnaire, interview, documentation, and observation, while to test the instrument used validities, reliabilities, and classic assumption test.
Based on the result of the coefficient regress test stimultan (F test) is obtained F count is 2,398 with F table 3,17. Because F count is smaller than F tab;e, therefore it can be said that service quality and promotion have no influence significantly to memberâ€™s preference in proposing mudharabah defrayal. The result of coefficient regress partially (t test) is obtained service quality variable has t count 1,058 and promotion variable has t count 0,956. Both of variables have no influence significantly to memberâ€™s preference in proposing mudharabah defrayal. This matter is shown by t count is smaller that t table (2,000).
STUDI ANALISIS ASURANSI SYARIAH
Authors: Ghozali Muhammad Lathoif 
Published: July 2023

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KOMPENSASI PADA PENERIMA ZAKAT PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengungkap konpensasi yang dibebankan oleh ilmu ekonomi Islam terhadap penerima zakat. Penerima zakat cenderung menganggap zakat sebagai pemberian biasa yang sama saja dengan transaksi lainya seperti jual beli dan wakaf serta hadiah. Akibatnya, zakat sebagai rukun Islam kurang memberikan dampak yang signifikan bagi penerima zakat. Tujuan mulai zakat sebagai pelaksanaan rukun Islam yang secara khusus mendinamisir problem umat Islam dalan pelaksanaan ibadah kehartaan, terutama bagi sang peneriam zakat secara sosio-ekonomi tidak terwujud. Bahkan jauh lebih bergaung pelaksanaan ibadah haji dari sisi sosio-ekonomi dibanding ibadah zakat. Diduga kuat bahwa salah satu penyebabnya, karena secara konseptual tidak ditemukan konpensasi zakat terhadap penerimanya. Dengan teori rasionalitas yang dikenal dalam Ilmu ekonomi dan didukung teori lainnya, penelitian ini mengemukakan secara konseptual tentang konpensasi bagi penerima zakat yang menjadi beban dan harus diwujudkan pasca penerimaan
MANAJEMEN ZAKAT PRODUKTIF SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN
Authors: Misbachuddin M. 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan: Bagaimana manajemen zakat produktif yang diterapkan Lembaga Amil Zakat Masjid Al-Akbar Surabaya?dan bagaimana perkembangan perekonomian para mustahiq penerima dana zakat produktif di Lembaga Amil Zakat Masjid Al-Akbar Surabaya?
Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian metode kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analisis, yaitu analisis yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan prilaku yang dapat diamati dengan metode yang telah ditentukan. Tujuan dari metode ini adalah untuk membuat deskripsi atau gambaran mengenai objek penelitian secara sistematis, faktual, dan akurat mengenai fakta-fakta, sifat-sifat serta hubungan antar fenomena yang diselidiki.
Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Manajemen zakat produktif Lembaga Amil Zakat Masjid Al Akbar Surabaya (LAZ MAS) ialah (1). Perencanaan yang diterapkan oleh LAZ MAS ialah perencanaan program zakat produktif antara 1-3x dalam setahun berdasarkan pada besar kecilnya dana tahunan yang dialokasikan untuk pendayagunaan zakat prduktif. (2). Pengorganisasian yang diterapkan oleh LAZ MAS adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Fokormas, remas, takmir masjid 2. Juru Penerang (Jupen) 3. Juru Pungut 4. Bendahara 5. Publikasi (3). Penggerak bertugas memberikan intruksi kepada pengurus lain untuk pengambil kotak infaq. Intruksi tersebut dengan memerintahkan dan mengarahkan dana hasil pengambilan dengan sebaik mungkin dan dibuat untuk biaya program zakat produktif selanjutnya. Tugas tesebut di lakukan oleh Ketua LAZ MAS.(4). Bentuk pengawasan LAS MAS meliputi: (1) peninjauan pribadi, (2) pengawasan melalui laporan tertulis, (3) pengawasan melalui laporan lisan.Perkembangan perekonomian para mustahiq penerima dana zakat produktif di Lembaga Amil Zakat Masjid Al-Akbar Surabayadapat disimpulkan bahwa rasio pemanfaatan dan pendayagunaan zakat produktif terkait kemajuan usaha mustahiq dari 20 penerima zakat produktif ada2 mustahiq yang perkembangan usahanya tidak mengalami kemajuan. Pengurus tidak menjelaskan lebih lanjut sebab dan akibat kurang berkembangnnya usaha mereka.
Berdasarkan penelitian diatas disarankan bagi pihak pengurus dan pengelola LAZ Masjid Al-Akbar Surabaya diharapkan tetap amanah dalam mengelola ZIS yang diamanahkan oleh masyarakat, yaitu dengan upaya membuat laporan pertanggung jawaban dana ZIS secara terperinci dan transparan, sehingga tidak menimbulkan keraguan dan tanda tanya dari anggota masyarakat yang berkaitan dengan dana ZIS, demi tetap eksisnya LAZ MAS.
PENGARUH ALOKASI PEMBIAYAAN SEKTOR-SEKTOR EKONOMI OLEH PERBANKAN SYARIAH TERHADAP PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO (PDRB) PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Faiza Nurlaili Adkhi Rizfa 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun fakta dengan menyelidiki hubungan antara pembiayaan sektor ekonomi terhadap PDRB Jawa Timur,Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan data time series tahun 2010-2015 periode triwulanan dan mem-proxy-kan ke empat sektor utama lapangan kerja berdasarkan Nawacita, yaitu sektor pertanian, kehutanan, dan perikanan, sektor pertambangan, sektor industri pengolahan, dan sektor konstruksi. Uji pengaruh dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linier sederhana dan berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 21.00. Hasil uji model pengaruh pembiayaan sektor ekonomi Nawacita oleh perbankan Syariah di Jawa Timur terhadap PDRB menunjukan bahwa tidak seluruh pembiayaan sektor ekonomi di Jawa Timur memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PDRB Provinsi Jawa Timur secara umum. Sementara itu, hasil uji model pengaruh pembiayaan sektor ekonomi Nawacita secara sektor per sektor terhadap PDRB sektor ekonomi Nawacita mendapatkan hasil bahwa semua pembiayaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PDRB sektor masing-masing, kecuali sektor pertanian, kehutanan, dan perikanan yang berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan. Rendahnya tingkat pengaruh dan signifikansi pembiayaan sektor pertanian, kehutanan, dan perikanan terhadap PDRB secara umum maupun PDRB sektor pertanian, kehutanan, dan perikanan disebabkan karena rendahnya akses petani dalam mendapatkan pembiayaan oleh perbankan syariah, baik karena akses lokasi maupun petani sendiri yang belum bankable.