bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absenteeism among undergraduate medical students and its impact on academic performance
Authors: Mitra Sayeli , Sarkar Paramita , Bhattacharyya Suchetana , Basu Rivu 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Student absenteeism is a major concern for undergraduate medical education training in India. Regular class attendance helps students have a proper understanding of the topic of discussion. This study explores the pattern of absenteeism among medical students and whether absenteeism is associated with their academic performances.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A record-based, cross-sectional study was done by reviewing departmental attendance registers, item cards and marks obtained in exam by 190 students in the community medicine department who had passed their 3rd professional part 1 examination in 2018. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16. A descriptive analysis summarizes the pattern of absenteeism and their marks obtained in the semester and professional exam of community medicine. The primary outcome indicator was the 3rd professional exam marks. The correlation between class absenteeism and other predictors and exam result was analyzed. Regression analysis was done to predict dependence of outcome variable on class attendance and formative examination marks.

RESULTS:
Overall, female students had better class attendance than male students. There was a positive correlation of lecture class attendance (r = 0.369) and marks obtained in the 6th semester exam (r = 0.717) with the final exam result. Further regression analysis showed final marks had a higher dependence on the 6th semester examination score (B = 0.669) when compared to lecture class attendance (B = 0.051).

CONCLUSION:
Although lecture class attendance is an important predictor of final result, this study showed that the 6th semester marks were a better predictor. This may be due to multiple factors (alternate source of learning, student's motivation, etc.) which require further exploration.
Maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcomes in Afghanistan
Authors: Rostamzadeh Mehran , Ezadi Zainab , Hosseini Maryam , Husseini Abbas Ali 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
A healthy pregnancy and its outcomes are highly dependent on maternal health literacy. This is the first study that targets the association between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcomes of women in Afghanistan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is a cross-sectional study on 200 women who received a prenatal care program and have given birth at Barchi National – 100 beds hospital in Kabul, the capital city of Afghanistan. As a convenient sample, they answered Maternal Health Literacy and Pregnancy Outcome Questionnaire with 5-point Likert scales. We tested the correlation between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome scores via the Pearson's correlation coefficient. The potential association of socio-demographic and fertility variables with both maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome was tested via independent samples t-test or one-way ANOVA. All analysis was performed with a 95% confidence level and a significant level was defined as a P value ≤0.05.

RESULTS:
The maternal health literacy of Afghan women is inadequate. Maternal health literacy is linked to pregnancy outcome, and both were associated with education level, age, number of gravidities, number of received care, and time that onset the prenatal care. Nutshell, we found evidence of a positive and significant correlation between maternal health literacy and pregnancy outcome.

CONCLUSION:
This study brings forth the novel data on maternal health literacy of Afghan women, the members of society that face health crises for more than half a century. This study calls for recognition that inadequate maternal health literacy in Afghanistan significantly influences prenatal care quality and perpetuates the biggest challenge for maternal and child health through pregnancy outcomes.
An exploratory study on the application of screening of activity limitation and safety awareness (SALSA) scale for evaluation of activity limitation among elderly
Authors: Peter Roshni Mary , Joseph Alex 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Aging poses a significant risk for activity and functional limitations. Problems among aged populations are interrelated, and these problems can lead to other disorders and finally leave a negative impact on the quality of life (QoL) This study used the screening of activity limitation and safety awareness (SALSA) scale to screen and measure activity limitations among the elderly.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 928 elderly from the three districts of Tamil Nadu, India. The SALSA scale was administered via a door-to-door interview, and data analysis was carried out. Simple random sampling was used to obtain the study subjects in the selected study area. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were performed to find the association between selected risk factors.

RESULTS:
Among the 928 elderly, 53.7% of them were males, 84.9% were between the age of 60 and 69 years, and 31% were 70 years and above. The study found that 66.5% of the elderly have mild activity limitations, 15.7% of them had moderate limitations, 4.8% of them had severe limitations, around 3% of them had extreme limitations, and 10.3% of them had no significant limitations. The binary logistic regression found people of age 65 and above (OR = 3.80), female gender (OR = 2.90), with hypertension (OR = 1.95), vision problem (OR = 1.92), decreased sensation of the foot (OR = 3.41), as the significant independent risk factors for activity limitation among the elderly.

CONCLUSION:
The study found self-reported activity limitations among the elderly to be nearly 90%. The SALSA scale may be used as a handy tool to identify the activity limitation in community-based geriatric checkups.
Revisiting 'Great Media Debate': Technology-Mediated Learning and Ground Realities Across the Indian Institutes of Technology
Authors: Pushpanadham Karanam , Mandal Sayantan , Sareen Sheriya 
Published: January 2023

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, curriculum planners are giving more weightage to online learning. However, it would be incomplete to re-imagine curricula without considering the factors impacting learning. In this context, the ‘Great Media Debate’ (GMD), initiated between Richard Clark and Robert Kozma in the 1990s, discusses the factors influencing learning. While Clark focuses on instructional methods, Kozma posits that both methods and media impact learning. Our study re-visits the GMD in the present context of online learning and extends it, making it more heuristic by adding a specific contextual social factor, i.e., Availability and Accessibility of the Internet (A2I) at the individual/ household level to the debate. We build our proposition based on the 11,489 learners’ responses collected as a part of the Pan-IIT study in India and focus on the case study of one specific institution, IIT Jammu. The analysis using chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests, and descriptive statistics finds strong evidence for A2I to impact online learning, thereby broadening the GMD. A2I also influences the media by shaping the learners’ preferences for the media used in traditional classrooms. Finally, it brings out the rural-urban divide due to unequal internet distribution, raising the possibility of a more exclusionary curriculum for the learners. We conclude that there is a need for the contextual social factor, i.e., A2I, among others, to be strongly acknowledged in the GMD, enabling it to take a more comprehensive form and consequently, holding the potential to enrich the curricular reimagination.
Pulmonary Complications in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU SELÇUK Nursel , ÖNER EYUBOĞLU Füsun , GÜLLÜ ARSLAN Nevra , HABERAL Mehmet 
Published: January 2023

Background Kidney transplantation recipients are at an increased risk of lung complications due to infectious or non-infectious reasons. We aimed to determine the lung complications after transplantation and what we could do to prevent the complications during the follow-up, retrospectively.
Material and Methods The 296 patients who underwent kidney transplantation surgery in our centre between the years 1999 to 2006 were included in the study.
Results 75% of the patients were male (n: 222). 77% of the patients (n: 228) had a living-related donor. The mean hospitalisation duration in the post-transplantation period was 13.3±9.07 days. During the follow-up, 37.2% of the patients (n: 110) had rejection, and pulse steroid treatments were given to the 74.5% of these patients. In our study, the lung complication development ratio was 16.2%, and 84% of these complications were due to infections. A specific aetiology was not identified in 63.5% of patients. The patients with a living-related donor had more lung complications due to infection (p
The relationship between the frequency and severity of restless legs syndrome and anaemia in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: GÖĞEBAKAN Hasan , AKYÜZ Ayşegül 
Published: January 2023

Background Background The study aims to determine the frequency of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the relationship between the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Rating Scale (IRLSSG-RS) score and anemia.
Material and Methods It was a case-control study that included 106 patients with AS and 106 age- and sex-matched healthy controls in the rheumatology clinic of a training and research hospital. The patients were divided into two groups according to their hemoglobin levels. A hemoglobin level lower than 12 g/dL in women and less than 13 g/dL in men was the criterion for anemia.
Results Although the frequency of RLS was higher in AS patients than in control groups, there was no significant difference in the IRLSSG-RS score between AS patients and control groups. 23 (57.5%) of the AS patients with anemia had RLS, and the IRLSSG-RS score was 21.3±5.7. Of the AS patients without anemia, 11 (16.7%) had RLS, and the IRLSSG-RS score was 15±6. Statistically significant differences between AS patients with and without anemia regarding RLS frequency and IRLSSG-RS score were found. The IRLSSG-RS scores of AS patients were negatively correlated with serum iron and hemoglobin level.
Conclusions Patients with AS had a higher RLS frequency than the control group; AS patients with anemia had a higher RLS and IRLSSG-RS score than AS patients without anemia. Also, a negative and significant correlation was found between the IRLSS-RS score and serum iron and hemoglobin levels in AS patients.
تأثير فترة الخزن على حيوية بذور بعض أصناف الذرة الرفيعة Sorghum. bicolor (L) Moench
Authors: حسين ياسر الخضر ناصر , عبدالله هدى أحمد محسن 
Published: January 2023

نفذت الفحوصات المختبرية لهذه التجربة خلال موسمي 2020/2019 و2021/2020م في مختبر مركز بحوث الأغذية وتقانات ما بعد الحصاد خور مكسرـ عدن, لمعرفة تأثير فترة الخزن على نسبة الإنبات لبذور صنفي (سنيسلة، بيني) من الذرة الرفيعة وتمت الفحوصات المختبرية بعد (12,9,6,3شهرًا( من خزن البذور لموسمين زراعيين ،وحللت النتائج إحصائيا للتجربة العالمية باستخدام التصميم العشوائي التام في أربع مكررات لكل معاملة، وتشير النتائج أن نسبة إنبات بذور صنفي الذرة الرفيعة(السنيسلة والبيني) تناقصت بزيادة في فترة التخزين للموسم 2019/2020 م بلغت بعد (3أشهر) (%96.70,%96.36) للصنفين على التوالي، وبعد (6أشهر) أصبحت (%93.97,%93.83) على التوالي، وبلغت بعد (9أشهر) (%92.91,%92.90) على التوالي، وبعد (12شهرًا) كانت (%91.96,%91.86) على التوالي. وفي موسم2020 /2021م بلغت بعد (3) أشهر (97.6%,97.8%) على التوالي، وبعد (6) أشهر كانت (95.7%,95.9%) على التوالي، وبعد (9) أشهر أصبحت (94.5%,94.7%) على التوالي، وبعد (12) شهرا بلغ (92.9%,92.9%) على التوالي.
Performance evaluation of MANET routing protocols under DDOS attacks
Authors: Abood Khaled Ahmed 
Published: January 2023

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) consist of a set of communicating wireless mobile nodes or devices that could be deployed without the need for pre-established infrastructure for communication. Due to the insecure wireless communication medium and dynamic behavior of the nodes in MANETs, routing protocols are vulnerable to various security attacks, such as distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks. DDOS attacks are used to temporarily disable network services by overloading the target system with huge traffic, such that it cannot respond to legitimate traffic.
In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the Ad hoc on demand vector (AODV), Temporally ordered routing algorithm (TORA), Geographic routing protocol (GRP), and optimized link state routing (OLSR) routing protocols in MANETs under the DDOS attacks. These routing protocols are simulated using OPNET simulator to compare their performance using specific performance metrics on the network. The experimental results show that TORA protocol performs better than the AODV, OLSR, and GRP protocols under the DDOS attack.
A Review on RGB Image Steganography based on Spatial Domain
Authors: Hashem Mohsen Hassan A. , Aljack Salah Eldin Deng , Bahaidara Omaima Abdulaziz 
Published: January 2023

Steganography is not only the method to hide the message content but the message itself. [3]. So, “The importance of steganography lies as it hides the existence of the secret message which makes the job of attacker more difficult” [7]
This research paper presents PSNR results from different image steganography techniques such as Least Significant Bits (LSB), Most Significant Bits (MSB), Triple A algorithm, X-Box Mapping and Mod Factor method.
Execute these experimentally using VS 2017 (by C#) with 12 colored images and 6 different secret message lengths then conclude that the Mod Factor method gives good quality image with the highest PSNR and free error extracted secret message at receiver.
Management of abdominal Trauma at Al-Gamhouria General Modern Hospital-Aden-Yemen
Authors: Khuda Bux Gamal M. , Harhra Nasser Ahmed Abdulla , Al khader Intsar Mohamed 
Published: January 2023

Abdominal injury is relatively common in both civilian and military casualties and isa leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of abdominal traumaو to evaluate its impact on the intraperitoneal and Retroperitoneum organs, and to evaluate various modalities of management and its outcome.
This is a prospective study conducted at Al-Gamhouria Modern General Hospital, from 1stJanuary 2013 up to 31stDecember 2014. This study involved 70 patients whowerediagnosed as abdominal trauma and admitted to the hospital during the study period. Data were collectedfrom the patients by their clinical history, examination and appropriate investigations. Male patients were predominantly more than female, 65 (92.9%) vs.5 (7.1%). Abdominal trauma involved young people with the mean age of31.3 ± 13.9 years; most of them were from Aden. Penetrating injuries were more prevalent compared to blunt injuries, as the mode of injury was mostly due to gunshots. The most frequently injured abdominal organ was small bowel.Complications occurred in 25(35.7%) patients. Woundinfection was the most common complications.Operative intervention was the treatmentoption for most patients with abdominal trauma.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN KADER DALAM SISTEM LIMA MEJA DI POSYANDU TERATAI XII KECAMATAN GEMOLONG KABUPATEN SRAGEN
Authors: Igiany Prita Devy 
Published: January 2023

Kader kesehatan merupakan perwujudan peran serta aktif masyarakat dalam posyandu. Kader merupakan sasaran yang tepat dalam pelaksanaan program kesehatan karena dianggap sebagai tempat rujukan pertama pelayanan kesehatan, sehingga kader kesehatan yang berada di sekitar masyarakat wajib mempunyai bekal tingkat pengetahuan, agar dapat melaksanakan fungsi lima meja dengan baik. Kader di Posyandu Teratai XII belum mengetahaui dan memahami sistem lima meja dengan baik sehingga pelaksanaan posyandu kurang maksimal. Sosialisai dan pelatihan sistem lima meja terhadap kader Posyandu Teratai XII dianggap perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengertahuan dan kompetensi kader dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat di posyandu. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah menyelenggarakan pembekalan materi dan diskusi oleh tim pengabdian serta pendampingan pelaksanaan posyandu. Berdasarkan pretest dan posttest yang dilakukan terhadap kader posyandu menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan kader tentang sistem lima meja mengalami peningkatan sebesar 50%, pengetahuan yang awalnya 41,43% menjadi 91,43%. Selain itu berdasarkan evaluasiÂ kegiatan posyandu, pelayanan posyandu mengalami peningkatan dengan difungsikannya sistem lima meja pada Posyandu Teratai XII. Peningkatan ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pembekalan materi dan pelatihan sistem lima meja serta pendampingan yang dilakukan berjalan efektif.Â
SOSIALISASI DAN EDUKASI POLA HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT GUNA PENCEGAHAN HEPATITIS AKUT PADA ANAK DI PANTI ASUHAN INSAN BERSERI MAOSPATI MAGETAN
Authors: Deviga Lidia , Ardhani Radian Arum 
Published: January 2023

Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan pelayanan kesehatan berupa penyuluhan dan edukasi Â untuk menjaga kesehatan diri agar terhindar dari bahaya hepatitis akut yang saat ini banyak menyerang pada usia anak anak . Kususnya anak anak di Panti Asuhan Insan Berseri Maospati Magetan. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Dan untuk kegiatan pengabdian Â masyarakat ini Â antara lain memberikan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan tentang perilaku hidup sehat dan bersih dan menjagaÂ kesehatan. Â Latar belakang kami mengadakanÂ pencegahan hepatitis akut melalui sosialisasi dan edukasi PHBS di Panti Asuhan Insan Berseri Maospati MagetanÂ dikarenakan anak anak menjadi perhatian penting akanÂ maraknya sebaran hepatitis akut ini. Dan dengan membiasakan diri hidup bersih dan sehat sejak dini merupakan bentuk pencegahan yang mudah untuk dilakukan terutama di usia anak anak.Â Wabah hepatitis akut ini sudah terjadi di beberapa daerah jawa timur.. untuk itu diperlukan pencegahan sejak diniÂ . Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di yayasan Panti Asuhan Insan Berseri Maospati Magetan. Sampel dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah anak anak di yayasan Â Panti Asuhan Insan Berseri Maospati dengan jumlah sebanyak 34 anak. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggalÂ 28 Mei 2022. Dari hasil kegiatan penyuluhan dan edukasi pola hidup bersih dan sehat guna pencegahan Hepatitis akut, ternyata masih banyak anak anak yang belum tau apa itu hepatitis dan bagaimana cara pencegahannya dan juga cara menjaga kesehatan. Dan dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini akhirnya anak anak menjadi lebihÂ paham dan Â mengerti tentang penyakit hepatitis, bagaimana cara menjaga pola hidup bersih dan sehat agar terhindar dari hepatitis akut. Karena dengan membiasakan pola hidup bersih , badan akan Â menjadi sehat,pikiran akan menjadi jernih dan akan mudah untuk belajar baik di lingkungan sekolah maupun di lingkungan yayaan panti asuhan insan berseri maospati magetan.Kata kunci : pola hidup sehat dan bersih, panti asuhan , pengetahuan, tindakanÂ
Sosialisasi Penggunaan Masker Yang Benar Sebagai Upaya Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan Pada Pedagang Pasar Ir. Soekarno Sukoharjo
Authors: Johar Syefira Ayudia , Sartika Iik 
Published: January 2023

Penggunaan masker merupakan langkah yang disarankan sebagai pencegahan perluasan Covid-19. Pembatasan penyebaran Covid-19 bisa dengan menggunakan masker. Penggunaan masker berfungsi dalam menjaga orang sehat saat berinteraksi dengan orang terinfeksi dalam menanggulangi penularan lebih lanjut. RekomendasiÂ dari WHO bahwa di semua fasilitas publik harus menggunakan masker. Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan, masih ada pedagang yang belum mengerti berkaitan pentingnya memakai masker dalam menanggulangi covid-19, dan tidak disiplin memakai masker yang benar. Tujuan pengabdian ini supaya setelah mendapatkan sosialisasi terkait penggunaan masker yang benar para pedagang pasar meningkat pemahamannya berkaitan dengan penggunaan masker.Â Metode sosialisasi ini terdapat pretest sebelum dilakukan sosialisasi dan setelah diberikan sosialisasi diberi posttest. Hasil dari pengabdian secara umum terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 48%. Kegiatan pengabdian mencapai target kehadiran sebesar 98% dari total peserta. Peningkatan pemahaman terkait penggunaan masker yang benar akan berdampak secara langsung pada kesadaran pedagang untuk menggunakan masker yang benar saat berjualan di Pasar.
The Moderating Effect of Inter- Organization Systems on the Relationship between Supply Chain Relationship Management and Performance of Pharmaceutical Firms in Kenya
Authors: Akwalu Ezekiel Kiriinya 
Published: January 2023

systems on the relationship between supply chain relationship management and performance of pharmaceutical firms in Kenya
Methodology: This research adopted a descriptive research design. The target population of interest in this study were the 22 local pharmaceutical manufacturing and 149 importing firms that act as subsidiaries making a total of 171. The study sample was drawn from the list of 171 pharmaceutical firms, where various categories with the relevant information for the study were drawn. The study adopted a census sampling technique. The data was analyzed using SPSS 22 version by making use of multiple regressions analysis which helped to generate a weighted estimation equation (OLS) that was used to predict values for dependent variable from the values of the independent variable.
Findings: The results showed that inter-organization systems significantly moderated the relationship between supply chain relationship management practices and organizational performance.
Recommendations: Based on the study findings, it was recommended that management in pharmaceutical firms should integrate their systems with those of customers such as electronic inventory management, electronic customer feedback; integrate electronic sharing of market information among other IT systems. This is because the study confirmed that integration of IT systems by pharmaceutical companies would lead to improvement in terms of speed and quality services, waste elimination, increased inventory management, responsiveness, accuracy, customer feedback and reduced lead-times
SAÚDE MENTAL DE ENFERMEIROS DOCENTES DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Silva Rocha Roseany Patrícia , Dos Santos Bini Thamiris , Antonio da Silva Ronaldo , Nonato Mocheuti Karina , Silva Botelho Silvestre Grasiela Cristina , Fernandes Pinheiro Thalison 
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Descrever as características da saúde mental de enfermeiros docentes durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de agosto de 2020. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um instrumento fechado que caracterizou o perfil sociodemográfico, profissional e de saúde. Após a tabulação dos dados, estes foram descritos por meio de frequência absoluta e relativa e valores médios. Resultados: Dos 27 enfermeiros docentes, constatou-se que 15 (55,6%) estavam com a saúde boa, quatro (14,9%) iniciaram algum tipo de acompanhamento psicológico, e destes dois (7,4%) tomaram algum tipo de medicação psiquiatra. Conclusão: Embora a maioria se encontrava com a saúde boa, quatro iniciaram algum acompanhamento psicológico. Esses dados revelam uma preocupação com os professores universitários, pois estes estão inseridos em um ambiente propício ao adoecimento mental causado pelos impactos da COVID-19.