bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Head Kinematics and Injury Analysis in Elite Bobsleigh Athletes Throughout a World Cup Tour
Authors: McPherson April L. , Anderson Travis , Finnoff Jonathan T. , Adams William M. 
Published: August 2023

ContextThe neurocognitive health effects of repetitive head impacts have been examined in many sports. However, characterizations of head impacts for sliding-sport athletes are lacking.ObjectiveTo describe head impact kinematics and injury epidemiology in elite athletes during the 2021–2022 Bobsleigh World Cup season.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingOn-track training and competitions during the Bobsleigh World Cup season.Patients or Other ParticipantsTwelve elite bobsleigh athletes (3 pilots [1 female], 9 push athletes [5 females]; age = 30 ± 5 years; female height and weight = 173 ± 8 cm and 75 ± 5 kg, respectively; male height and weight = 183 ± 5 cm and 101 ± 5 kg, respectively).Main Outcome Measure(s)Athletes wore an accelerometer-enabled mouthguard to quantify 6-degrees-of-freedom head impact kinematics. Isometric absolute and relative neck strength, number of head acceleration events (HAEs), workload (J), peak linear velocity (m·s−1), peak angular velocity (rad·s−1), peak linear acceleration (g), and peak angular acceleration (rad·s−2) were derived from mouthguard manufacturer algorithms. Linear mixed-effect models tested the effects of sex (male versus female), setting (training versus competition), and position (pilot versus push athlete) on the kinematic variables.ResultsA total of 1900 HAEs were recorded over 48 training and 53 competition days. No differences were found between the number of HAEs per run per athlete by sex (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.82, P = .741), setting (IRR = 0.94, P = .325), or position (IRR = 1.64, P = .463). No sex differences were observed for workload (mean ± SD: males = 3.3 ± 2.2 J, females = 3.1 ± 1.9 J; P = .646), peak linear velocity (males = 1.1 ± 0.3 m·s−1, females = 1.1 ± 0.3 m·s−1; P = .706), peak angular velocity (males = 4.2 ± 2.1 rad·s−1, females = 4.7 ± 2.5 rad·s−1; P = .220), peak linear acceleration (male = 12.4 ± 3.9g, females = 11.9 ± 3.5g; P = .772), or peak angular acceleration (males = 610 ± 353 rad·s−2, females = 680 ± 423 rad·s−2; P = .547). Also, no effects of setting or position on any kinematic variables were seen. Male athletes had greater peak neck strength than female athletes for all neck movements, aside from right-side flexion (P = .085), but no sex differences were noted in relative neck strength.ConclusionsWe provide a foundational understanding of the repetitive HAEs that occur in bobsleigh athletes. Future authors should determine the effects of repetitive head impacts on neurocognitive function and mental health.
A comparative assessment of secondary surgeries between nasoalveolar molding-treated and non nasoalveolar molding-treated patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate
Authors: Nayak Tulasi , Krishnamurthy Bonanthaya , Parmar Renu , Shetty Pritham N. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Secondary surgeries are a commonly documented element of cleft treatment. It adds to the surgical and economic burden of care. Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) is one of the techniques which has gained popularity as it has proven to reduce the pre surgical severity. NAM has also been proposed to reduce the need for future secondary surgeries. In this retrospective study, we aimed to compare the incidence of secondary surgeries in NAM treated and non-NAM-treated patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).

Methods:
In this retrospective study, all consecutively treated NAM and non-NAM patients with UCLP who had undergone primary surgeries in 2011–2013 were considered. Only those patients who had a complete clinical and surgical record at 5 years of age were included for this study. Thirty-eight patients in NAM group and 48 patients in non-NAM group were compared. All patients had received the same protocol with the exception of NAM. The cleft severity index was used to check the preoperative cleft severity. The type of lip defect was described for all patients who had received the secondary surgery.

Results:
Pre NAM clefts were found to be more severe than the non-NAM group. However, after the NAM therapy, the cleft severity was less than the non-NAM group. Non-NAM group had a statistically higher number of lip revision surgeries with a broader variety of defects than the NAM group. There was no statistically significant difference for the Fistula closures.

Conclusion:
NAM reduced the cleft severity at the pre surgical stage. At 5 years of follow-up, NAM-treated patients had a lower surgical burden of care in comparison to the non-NAM-treated patients.
What has been The Impact of Laboratory Accreditation in Saudi Arabia? A Cross-Sectional Survey of Laboratory Practitioners
Authors: Alsayyah Ahmed , Almulhim Aisha 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
While laboratory accreditation has improved laboratory practices in several countries, its effectiveness in laboratories in Saudi Arabia remains unclear. This survey aims to assess the impact of laboratory accreditation on laboratory practices across the country.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed laboratory practitioners (n = 207) across Saudi Arabia from September 21 to October 22 using an online questionnaire created over Monkey Survey. Practitioners were queried regarding their laboratory accreditation, practices, and the observed impact on patient laboratory testing. Data were analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and potential associations were assessed using the Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant in all cases.

Results:
Laboratories with a higher number of accreditations were more likely to have documented standard operating procedures (SOPs) (P = 0.039) and more frequent reviews of laboratory policies and procedures (P = 0.002). Practitioners in our study were more likely to have noticed an overall improvement in patient laboratory testing if their institutes adhered to the components of the accreditation process, such as documented SOPs for testing (P = 0.017), availability of safety manuals (P < 0.01), written policies of internal and external quality assurance programs (P = 0.007), regular meetings to maintain accreditations (P ≤ 0.001), and availability of a task force team to maintain the accreditation program (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion:
This survey suggests that accreditation has had an overall positive impact on laboratory practices and patient laboratory testing in Saudi Arabia.
Supplementation of Platelet-Derived Products in Distraction Osteogenesis for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Iftikhar Ifra , Shrivastava Priyanshu Kumar , Datta Shubham , Rana Apoorv , Sybil Deborah 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is one of the recent tissue engineering techniques which have been utilized for alveolar ridge augmentation procedures. It makes use of tensional strains created within the fractured segments to initiate a cascade of responses ultimately resulting in the formation of new mature bone. Supplementation of platelet-derived products such as platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin in DO could stimulate this cascade and accelerate the formation of new bone with improved quality.

Materials and Methods:
Literature search was performed on eminent databases for studies using platelet-derived products with DO in alveolar ridge augmentation. Data relating to bibliographic information, and study outcomes were extracted. A risk of bias assessment was performed for each study. Measures of outcome included increase in bone height, and any reported postoperative complications.

Results:
Planned alveolar height was reached in all the studies with an adequate amount of bone formation for the placement of dental implants. Studies reported long-term implant survival. Postoperative complications included displacement of fractured segments, temporary paresthesia, and scar formation.

Conclusion:
DO supplemented with platelet-derived products provides an ideal micro-environment for the recruitment of various signaling molecules and stem cell precursors inducing the formation of new bone. It circumvents the unpredictable outcomes and complications such as donor site morbidity, which is associated with conventional placement of bone grafts. However, the available literature is scarce in this area and further randomized studies are required to form a conclusive body of evidence to support the translatability of this innovative technique into clinical practice.
Assessment of Risk Factors of Deep-Vein Thrombosis after Lower Limb Surgery
Authors: Pisulkar Gajanan , Salwan Ankur , Taywade ShaunakBabanrao , Awasthi Abhiram , Saoji Amit 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Deep vein thrombosis is one of the most common condition affecting adults worldwide. The condition is characterized by the presence of blood clots in the veins. The clots commonly develop in the lower limb veins. Deep vein thrombosis is the most common complication after any lower limb surgery and is a prominent complication post-orthopaedic surgery in individuals of any age due to failure of the valves.

Aim and Objectives:
The aim of our study is to assess the risk factors following lower limb surgery.

Methodology:
The individuals who fulfill the inclusion criteria were tested using ultrasonography and duplex color Doppler unit examination at 7.5 MHz and 10 MHz using high frequency probes to assess the presence of thrombus in the deep veins of the individuals who have undergone the surgeries. The assessment was recorded on the assessment sheet and analyzed using SPSS statistical software, and the results were drawn.

Results:
In this study, the individuals were mostly from the age group 59–68 years and a total of 202 patients were included. 136 patients are diagnosed as suffering from DVT following orthopedic surgery.

Conclusion:
We conclude that the occurrence of DVT after lower limb surgery depends on various factors such as the duration of surgery, the period of immobilization, prior history of DVT and post-operative stay, and various other factors such as age and gender. We found that extramedullary implants have a relative risk of 2.93. Additionally, we also concluded that clinical signs and symptoms are not reliable measures to identify incidence of DVT.
Effectiveness of Demonstration, Observation, Assistance, and Performance Sessions for Training of Competencies Related to Family Study among Medical Undergraduates
Authors: Patnaik Lipilekha , Pattanaik Sumitra , Sabat Smaranita , Mohanty Sambedana , Sharma Sumita 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Demonstration, observation, assistance, and performance (DOAP) is a practical session that allows the student to observe a demonstration, assist the performer, perform in a simulated environment, perform under supervision, or perform independently. Competency-based medical education necessitates DOAP sessions that are timely and frequent, criterion based, skillful, and developing.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of DOAP sessions for training of competencies related to family study among 6th-semester students.

Methods:
It was a quasi-experimental study conducted over 6 months from November 2021 to April 2022 on 6th-semester undergraduate students coming to the community medicine department during their community posting. The control group consisted of 28 students taught family study by traditional method, and 27 students assigned to the experimental group were taught by DOAP sessions. Demonstration was provided through postgraduates and health-care workers as a role-play followed by recorded video-based sessions. Data were collected at baseline and after intervention. Later, the control group was provided the DOAP sessions. Feedback from all 55 students was collected in a Likert scale.

Results:
The mean score of the intervention group was significantly higher (P < 0.05). Knowledge score increased 4.07 (confidence interval [CI]: 3.29–4.85) points in the intervention group while 2.35 points in the control group (CI: 1.6–3.1). Objective structured clinical examination score increased 4.72 (CI: 4.0–5.3) points in the intervention group while 2.53 points in the control group (CI: 1.8–3.3). Response rate for feedback was 100% and positive feedback was given by more than 80%.

Conclusion:
DOAP sessions were found to be effective which may help in implementing DOAP sessions for MBBS students for competencies related to the family study.
Lifestyle and Dietary Preferences during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Study in Schoolgoing Adolescents in Oman
Authors: Divecha Chhaya Akshay , Ranganath Rajani , Kore Smitha Elizabeth , Al Maskari Rawan Nasser Mohammed , Al Dhahli Shahd Ali Said , Simon Miriam Archana 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood often have origins in childhood and adolescent lifestyle behaviors. The COVID pandemic has had a profound impact on people worldwide due to lockdowns and restrictions. The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the change in lifestyle and dietary preferences of schoolgoing adolescents in Oman during the COVID outbreak.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents attending a school in Oman using an online questionnaire.

Results:
Of the 59 students participating in the pilot survey, the majority (62.7%) felt that their weight was correct; however, 55.8% were still trying to change their weight. Females were 12 times more likely to attempt weight-maintaining/change measures as compared to males. About 55% of students did not consume breakfast regularly; females were more likely to skip breakfast as compared to males. The recommended dietary requirements for daily fruit (>2 times per day) and vegetable (>3 times per day) intake were followed by 59.3% and 27.2% of students, respectively. Only one-fourth of students (25.4%) fulfilled the recommendation of >60 min of physical activity daily; males were 1.5 times more likely to engage in physical activity than females. Two-thirds of students (67.8%) spent an average of 3–6 h/day in sedentary activities.

Conclusions:
Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as skipping breakfast, reduced intake of fruits and vegetables, and reduced physical activity were noted in adolescent schoolgoing children during COVID in Oman. This increases the risk of NCDs in the long term, thus necessitating intervention in childhood and adolescence. Policymakers should focus on health programs and campaigns toward increasing awareness of healthy lifestyles and dietary behaviors, especially during the pandemic to inculcate healthy habits from an early age.
Drug Prescription Patterns and Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Central India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Siddiqui A. Riyaz , Quazi Shadma , Khan Sharjeel , Shende Tanaji R. 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Drug use research’s main goal is to assist patients in using medications responsibly. The chronic inflammatory disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a condition comprising long-term disability. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are the mainstay of therapy preventing joint damage. The study’s aim was to examine the prescription trends for medications used to treat RA.

Methodology:
In conjunction with the orthopedic department, a cross-sectional observational study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital for 6 months. The current study included 90 patients in total who met the inclusion and exclusion requirements. Data from patients were collected in a case report format and examined to determine the prescription pattern in all 90 patients participated in the study. Female preponderance was seen in the study with 68.8% of female patients compared to 31.1% of male patients affected by the disease. Patients of the age group of 40–60 years (63.3%) were most commonly affected, followed by 61–70 years (26.6%). A combination of two DMARDs, methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), was the most common in 90% of patients. Triple-DMARD combination was required only in 4.4% of patients. Etoricoxib was most the commonly prescribed analgesic in 28.8% of patients, followed by etodolac in 16.6%.

Conclusions:
RA affects females more often than males. DMARD combination of methotrexate and HCQ was the most commonly used compared to monotherapy and triple-drug therapy. Drug utilization studies give the prescriber feedback and raise their awareness of the proper usage of medications.
Adaptivity and Efficacy of Web-Based Generalized Exercise Training on Depression in Younger Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Feasibility Trial
Authors: Hossain Imran , Sharma Abhishek , Sharma Nidhi , Chahal Aksh 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Major depressive disorder is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders, affecting over one-fifth of the global population. Adolescents and young adults suffering from depression are also at high risk of developing bipolar disorder. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is a psychotherapeutic intervention based on Zen meditation (ZM) that aims to reduce the risk of relapse of recurrent depression. Yoga stretch physical and emotional health can be improved and maintained through exercise. Yoga poses stretching exercise (YPSE) positively impacts physical and mental health by down-regulating the hypothalamic–pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system.

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of web-based generalized exercise training in young individuals in improving their general, physical, emotional, psychological, and social outcomes.

Methods:
Montgomery and Asberg depression rating scale is a tool used to evaluate participants who are depressed. The pre-Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and short-form 36 (SF-36) questionnaires were then completed by the researcher. Before beginning the intervention, the participants were briefed on the importance of the study approach. Following intervention, post-MMSE, PHQ-9, and SF-36 questionnaires were again measured.

Results:
After following the mindfulness cognitive behavioral therapy (ZM and YPSE) program for 7 days, there are significant improvements in the MMSE, PHQ-9, and SF-36 tests.

Conclusions:
ZM and YPSE training enhance general, physical, emotional psychological, and social functioning greatly.
Isatin/thiosemicarbohydrazone hybrids: Facile synthesis, and their evaluation as anti-proliferatıve agents and metabolıc enzyme inhibitors
Authors: Yakan Hasan , Azam Mohammed , Kansız Sevgi , Muğlu Halit , Ergül Mustafa , Taslimi Parham , M. Koçyiğit Ümit , Karaman Muhammet , I. Al-Resayes Saud , Min Kim 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. We are reporting a novel series of thiosemicarbazone derivatives derived from isatin (1-6), structural determination, and investigation of the inhibitory properties against proliferative, carbonic anhydrase, and cholinesterase enzymes. The anti-proliferative effects of the compounds were measured by XTT assay against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancerous cell lines. Compound 3 showed significant cytotoxic effects on both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, with IC50 values of 8.19 μM and 23.41 μM, respectively. In addition, the compounds (1-6) inhibited the hCA I and II, their Ki values 2.01 ± 0.35 – 21.55 ± 2.56 and 1.24 ± 0.33 – 25.03 ± 5.48 µM, respectively. AChE was also successfully inhibited by these compounds (1-6), with Ki values ranging from 40.37 ± 8.23 to 125.43 ± 24.93 µM. The best Ki values for 3, 6, and 4 for α-glycosidase were 564.35 ± 72.06, 594.38 ± 52.04, and 683.437 ± 66.58 µM, respectively. Binding affinities were determined to be -6.697 kcal/mol, -8.251 kcal/mol, -9.932 kcal/mol, and -4.946 kcal/mol for hCA I, hCA II, AChE, and α-glucosidase enzymes, respectively. These findings reveal that the formed compounds containing isatin moieties were crucial in the enzyme inhibition.

KEY WORDS: Isatin, Thiosemicarbazone, Anti-proliferative activity, Enzyme inhibition, Molecular docking

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1221-1236.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.14
O trabalho de terapeutas ocupacionais em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial: para além das fronteiras disciplinares/ The work of Occupational Therapy in a Psychosocial Care Center: beyond disciplinary boundaries
Authors: Trevisan Erika Renata , De Almeida Daniela Tonizza , De Barros Vanessa Andrade 
Published: August 2023

Introdução: os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial tem função estratégica no cuidado de situações de crise e maior gravidade em saúde mental e na articulação da Rede Atenção Psicossocial, o terapeuta ocupacional é um dos profissionais que compõem a equipe multidisciplinar desse serviço. Objetivo: compreender a atividade de trabalho dos terapeutas ocupacionais em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial indagando sobre os saberes e valores que orientam o trabalho. Método: é uma pesquisa ergológica, que utilizou o diário de campo, a análise de implicação e dispositivo dinâmico a três polos que favoreceram o diálogo com quatro terapeutas ocupacionais, cujas atividades foram analisadas a partir dos pressupostos ergológicos e psicossociológicos de análise do trabalho. Resultados: foi observada significativa ampliação das tarefas atribuídas ao terapeuta ocupacional, que desenvolve atividades interdisciplinares com maior protagonismo e autonomia comparativamente ao contexto manicomial. Discussão: as dimensões clínica e social do trabalho mostraram-se indissociáveis, sustentando-se em três pilares: a escuta, a mediação do cotidiano e o trabalho no território. A formação crítica e alicerçada nos pressupostos da reforma psiquiátrica e princípios do cuidado em saúde, a experiência clínica e os diálogos interdisciplinares mostraram-se igualmente formadores. Conclusão: a Terapia Ocupacional valoriza o cuidado articulado à vida no território, com diálogo interdisciplinar e ações técnicas numa perspectiva crítica e comprometida com as transformações sociais, pautadas em uma escuta clínica do sujeito da experiência do sofrimento mental e manejo das situações singulares de cada caso.