bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between sevoflurane and propofol on immunomodulation in an in vitro model of sepsis
Authors: Oliveira Tainá B. , Braga Cassia L. , Battaglini Denise , Pelosi Paolo , Rocco Patricia R. M. , Silva Pedro L. , Cruz Fernanda F. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionPatients with sepsis often require sedation and/or anesthesia. Although the immunomodulatory effects of anesthetics have been increasingly recognized, the molecular mechanisms require better elucidation. We compared the effects of sevoflurane with propofol on the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers released by monocytes/macrophages and blood/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) neutrophils, the phagocytic capacity of monocytes/ macrophages, and neutrophil migration, as well as mediators associated with alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells obtained from rats with sepsis.MethodsPolymicrobial sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in nine male Wistar rats. After 48 h, animals were euthanized and their monocytes/alveolar macrophages, blood and BALF neutrophils, as well as alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells were extracted, and then exposed to (1) sevoflurane (1 minimal alveolar concentration), (2) propofol (50 μM), or (3) saline, control (CTRL) for 1 h.ResultsSevoflurane reduced interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA expression in monocytes and alveolar macrophages (p = 0.007, p = 0.029), whereas propofol decreased IL-6 mRNA only in alveolar macrophages (p = 0.027) compared with CTRL. Sevoflurane increased IL-10 expression (p = 0.0002) in monocytes compared with propofol and increased IL-10 mRNA and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β mRNA (p = 0.037, p = 0.045) compared with CTRL. Both sevoflurane and propofol did not affect mRNA expression of IL-10 and TGF-β in alveolar macrophages. The phagocytic capacity of monocytes (p = 0.0006) and alveolar macrophages (p = 0.0004) was higher with sevoflurane compared with propofol. Sevoflurane, compared with CTRL, reduced IL-1β mRNA (p = 0.003, p = 0.009) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 2 mRNA (CXCR2, p = 0.032 and p = 0.042) in blood and BALF neutrophils, and increased CXCR4 mRNA only in BALF neutrophils (p = 0.004). Sevoflurane increased blood neutrophil migration (p = 0.015) compared with propofol. Both sevoflurane and propofol increased zonula occludens-1 mRNA (p = 0.046, p = 0.003) in alveolar epithelial cells and reduced Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA (p = 0.043, p = 0.006) in alveolar endothelial cells compared with CTRL. Only propofol reduced surfactant protein B mRNA (p = 0.028) in alveolar epithelial cells.DiscussionSevoflurane, compared with propofol, increased anti-inflammatory biomarkers in monocytes, but not in alveolar macrophages, enhanced monocyte/alveolar macrophage phagocytic capacity and increased neutrophil migration in in vitro experimental sepsis. Both propofol and sevoflurane protected lung epithelial and endothelial cells.
Evaluation of glymphatic system activity using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space and amyloid PET in older adults with objectively normal cognition: a preliminary study
Authors: Park Chae Jung , Kim Sang-Young , Kim Jun Hwee , Son Nak-Hoon , Park Jin Young , Jeong Yong Hyu , Kim Hyun Jeong , Park Jaesub , Kim Woo Jung 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesDiffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) is a recently introduced method for the assessment of the glymphatic system without the need for contrast injection. The purpose of our study was to assess the glymphatic system in cognitively normal older adults with or without subjective cognitive decline (SCD) using DTI-ALPS, and correlating with amyloid PET.Design and participantsTo evaluate the glymphatic system in cognitively normal older adults using DTI-ALPS, we built a prospective cohort including a total of 123 objectively cognitively normal older adults with or without SCD. The ALPS index was calculated from DTI MRI and was assessed by correlating it with standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) from amyloid PET and clinically relevant variables. The study subjects were also divided into amyloid “positive” and “negative” groups based on the result of amyloid PET, and the ALPS indices between those two groups were compared.ResultsThe ALPS index was not significantly different between the normal and SCD groups (P = 0.897). The mean ALPS index from the amyloid positive and amyloid negative group was 1.31 and 1.35, respectively, which showed no significant difference (P = 0.308). Among the SUVRs from variable cortices, that of the paracentral cortex was negatively correlated with the ALPS index (r = −0.218, P = 0.016). Multivariate linear regression revealed that older age (coefficient, −0.007) and higher SUVR from the paracentral cortex (coefficient, −0.101) were two independent variables with a significant association with a lower ALPS index (P = 0.015 and 0.045, respectively).ConclusionDTI-ALPS may not be useful for evaluation of the glymphatic system in subjects with SCD. Older age was significantly associated with lower ALPS index. Greater amyloid deposition in the paracentral cortex was significantly associated with lower glymphatic activity in cognitively normal older adults. These results should be validated in future studies on the relationships between ALPS index and other fundamental compartments in glymphatic system, such as perivenous space and the meningeal lymphatic vessels.
Computational analysis of efficient organic solar cell-based retinal prosthesis using plasmonic gold nanoparticles
Authors: Rahmani Ali , Eom Kyungsik 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionPhotovoltaic restoration of vision, especially in conjunction with the use of silicon photodiodes, has gained attention for use in patients affected by blindness due to retinal layer disease. Although the use of silicon photodiodes offers miniaturization of the implant unit and increase in the stimulation channel, the implant unit may suffer from the fracture of these brittle photodiodes when mechanical pressure exerted.MethodsWe present an organic solar cell (OSC)-based retinal prosthesis in which spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are embedded into the active layer to increase the efficiency of the bioelectric interface.ResultsWe demonstrate computationally that a modeled OSC incorporating spherical AuNPs has three times higher efficiency than that of a bare OSC presented before for retinal prostheses. Our AuNP based OSC was able to activate the neuron at the minimum light intensity of 0.26 mW/mm2, which is lower than that of the bare OSC.DiscussionThe use of AuNPs in OSC allows device miniaturization or lowering of the light exposure required for neural activation using a photovoltaic retinal prosthesis, which can generally be applied in a broad range of neural prostheses.
Prediction of intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leaks in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary surgery based on a deep neural network model trained with MRI images: a pilot study
Authors: Chang Hui , Zhao Kai , Qiu Jun , Ji Xiang-Jun , Chen Wu-Gang , Li Bo-Yuan , Lv Cheng , Xiong Zi-Cheng , Chen Sheng-Bo , Shu Xu-Jun 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the reliability of a deep neural network (DNN) model trained only on contrast-enhanced T1 (T1CE) images for predicting intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (ioCSF) leaks in endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (EETS).Methods396 pituitary adenoma (PA) cases were reviewed, only primary PAs with Hardy suprasellar Stages A, B, and C were included in this study. The T1CE images of these patients were collected, and sagittal and coronal T1CE slices were selected for training the DNN model. The model performance was evaluated and tested, and its interpretability was explored.ResultsA total of 102 PA cases were enrolled in this study, 51 from the ioCSF leakage group, and 51 from the non-ioCSF leakage group. 306 sagittal and 306 coronal T1CE slices were collected as the original dataset, and data augmentation was applied before model training and testing. In the test dataset, the DNN model provided a single-slice prediction accuracy of 97.29%, a sensitivity of 98.25%, and a specificity of 96.35%. In clinical test, the accuracy of the DNN model in predicting ioCSF leaks in patients reached 84.6%. The feature maps of the model were visualized and the regions of interest for prediction were the tumor roof and suprasellar region.ConclusionIn this study, the DNN model could predict ioCSF leaks based on preoperative T1CE images, especially in PAs in Hardy Stages A, B, and C. The region of interest in the model prediction-making process is similar to that of humans. DNN models trained with preoperative MRI images may provide a novel tool for predicting ioCSF leak risk for PA patients.
Bibliometric and visual analysis of Kawasaki disease in children from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Cui Zhengjiu , Luo Fei , Wang Jinjuan , Diao Juanjuan , Pan Yueli 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundIn recent years, the incidence of Kawasaki disease among the pediatric population has experienced a significant increase. With complications mainly affecting the cardiovascular system, Kawasaki disease has received widespread attention from scholars worldwide. Numerous articles on Kawasaki disease in children have been published far. However, there is a lack of studies that use visualization methods to perform a bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature. This study aims to obtain overall information on the output characteristics of publications on childhood Kawasaki disease between 2012 and 2022 through bibliometric analysis, identify research hotspots and frontiers, and provide new ideas and references for future clinical and scientific research.MethodsLiterature meeting the inclusion criteria was screened from the Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Visual analysis of the literature by country, institution, journal, author, keywords, and references was performed using Citespace (6.1.R6), VOSviewer (1.6.18), and the online bibliometric website (https://bibliometric.com/).ResultsA total of 4,867 eligible publications were included. The number of annual publications is generally rising, rapidly increasing since 2019. Among countries and institutions, China and KAOHSIUNG CHANG GUNG MEMORIAL HOSPITAL have the highest output of articles. With 104 publications, Ho-Chang Kuo has a high impact in the field of KD. The most cited author is Jane W. Newburger. The most prolific journal is FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS. CIRCULATION is the most frequently co-cited journal. The most popular keyword in frequency and centrality is “immunoglobulin”. The reference with the highest burst intensity was Verdoni L, LANCET, 2020.ConclusionKawasaki disease in children remains a hot topic among pediatricians worldwide and is receiving increasing attention. We innovated the “national-institutional-journal” model, which promotes further international cooperation in this field. The hot topics in the field of pediatric KD are “KD pathogenesis”, “immunoglobulin resistance and complementary therapy”, and “cardiovascular complications”. Frontiers include disease-related (“multisystem inflammatory syndrome”, “coronavirus disease 2019”, “hypotension”), treatment-related (“procalcitonin”, “ anakinra”), and pathogenesis (“polymerase chain reaction”).
Monitoring, evaluation and accountability evidence use for design, adaptation, and scale-up of an early childhood development program in Rwanda
Authors: Dusabe Caroline , Abimpaye Monique , Kabarungi Noella , Uwamahoro Marie Diane 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe first three years of a child’s life are the most critical to child development and have an impact on the future achievement of the child. Young children’s healthy development depends on nurturing care that ensures health, nutrition, responsive caregiving, safety, and security. Parents &amp; other adult caregivers play a critical role in moderating children’s early experiences, which has a lasting impact be it positive or negative on the children’s future. Parenting education programs are proven to improve parental skills, capacity, and efficacy in a way that supports improved child development outcomes. Yet, most parents in low-middle-income countries such as Rwanda lack access to information and skills on how to support their children’s holistic development. In response, Save The Children implemented the First Steps “Intera za Mbere” holistic parenting education project in Rwanda from 2014 to 2021. This paper reflects on how monitoring, evaluation, accountability, and learning (MEAL) approaches were applied throughout the project cycle and their impact on program improvement and national policy and advocacy. This paper explores how the aspirations for measurement for change, considerations for innovation uptake and frameworks for learning about improvement are reflected in this project.MethodsThe project utilized qualitative and quantitative MEAL across the program cycle. Action research at the start of the project identified promoters and inhibitors of high-quality nurturing care and program delivery modalities. The project utilized a randomized control trial to provide insight into components that work better for parenting education. Evidence from surveys done remotely via phones was used to inform COVID-19 adaptations of the program.ResultsThe application of MEAL evidence led to the successful development and improvement of the program. At the policy level, evidence from the project influenced the review of the 2016 National Integrated ECD policy and the development of the national parenting education framework.ConclusionThe regular use of evidence from MEAL is critical for program improvement, scale-up, and policy influence.
Adherence to WHO guidelines on severe pneumonia management in children and its impact on outcome: an observational study at Jinka General Hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: La Vecchia Adriano , Teklie Bereket Gebremedhin , Mulu Dagmawi Awoke , Toitole Kusse Koirita , Montalbetti Francesca , Agostoni Carlo , Hessebo Tesfayesus Tefera , Tsegaye Ademe , Pietravalle Andrea , Manenti Fabio , Tognon Francesca , Pisani Luigi , Hagos Eleni 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionPoor adherence to guidelines during empirical antibiotic prescription in low-income countries could increase antimicrobial resistance without improving outcomes. Revised World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines published in 2014 on childhood (2–59 months) pneumonia re-defined the classification of severe pneumonia and changed the first-line treatment. The adherence to WHO guidelines in southern Ethiopia at the hospital level is unknown. We sought to determine the adherence to WHO guidelines on severe pneumonia first-line treatment in children in an Ethiopian referral hospital and assess the impact of non-adherence on patient outcomes.MethodsAn observational study was conducted on all children (2–59 months) clinically diagnosed with severe pneumonia and admitted to the Pediatric Ward of Jinka Hospital from 1 June 2021 to 31 May 2022. Exclusion criteria included a known HIV infection, ongoing antibiotic treatment before the event not related to acute pneumonia, or any other severe bacterial infection, confirmed or suspected. Adherence to guidelines was defined as first-line treatment with ampicillin or benzylpenicillin and gentamicin at the recommended dose. We compared the patients treated adherently vs. non-adherently. For categorical variables, the chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used, while for continuous variables, the Mann–Whitney U-test was used. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between adherence and demographic and clinical characteristics.ResultsDuring the observational period, 266 patients were registered as having severe pneumonia with an age between 2 and 59 months. After excluding 114 patients due to missing charts or other exclusion criteria, a total of 152 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 78 (51%) were girls with a median age of 10 months (IQR 7–14). Overall, 75 (49%) patients received therapy according to the WHO guidelines. Compared to patients treated adherently to the guidelines, patients not treated adherently had similar outcomes [median length of stay of 3 (IQR 3–5) and 4 (IQR 3–6) days], median duration of oxygen therapy of 2 (IQR 1–3) for both the groups, and self-discharge rates of 5% and 6.5%, respectively).ConclusionAdherence to the revised WHO guideline was limited and not associated with outcomes. Efforts should focus on reducing the gap between theory and practice.
Access to physiotherapy services in South African settings: stretching a hand to under-resourced communities with students as agents of change
Authors: Sekome Kganetso , Sujee Laeeqa , Tomes Lauren , Pilusa Sonti 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundPhysiotherapy is a healthcare profession that enhances human functioning and prevents further disability. In addition to this physiotherapy promotes health, wellbeing and the prevention of diseases. In South Africa, physiotherapy and rehabilitation services are largely accessed by those living in urban communities and those with private medical funding. Rehabilitation is an essential component of the package of care yet these services do not reach disadvantaged communities who vitally need them. Through the equitable provision of service-learning, physiotherapy students can play a vital role in improving rehabilitation access to vulnerable communities.AimThis paper illustrates how physiotherapy students studying at a South African university provide equitable services to disadvantaged rural and urban communities.DiscussionThe first and second years of study focus on theoretical and classroom-based learning where students gain an understanding of basic principles of inclusion, equity, diversity, and self-awareness. In later years, students provide community-based services in urban and rural communities with a focus on increasing access to rehabilitation services. The clinical objectives which students are required to fulfil are guided by principles of public health and community rehabilitation. The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the issue of poor access to rehabilitation services and the case study we provide demonstrates the roles physiotherapy students played to fill this gap. The authors offer a reflection from their involvement in physiotherapy student training and provide an example of a moment which displayed equity, diversity, and inclusion in their career.ConclusionThere is a huge gap to fill in the provision of equitable rehabilitation services for the South African population. Institutions responsible for the training of physiotherapists, or any rehabilitation profession, should realize their role in service delivery through a service-learning approach.
Case report: Giant pituitary neuroendocrine tumor presented along with acute visual loss due to pituitary apoplexy after receiving COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Tanaka Haku , Nishimura Fumihiko , Nakase Kenta , Yokoyama Shohei , Nakagawa Ichiro , Yamada Shuichi , Tamura Kentaro , Matsuda Ryosuke , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Kotsugi Masashi , Park Young-Soo , Nakase Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveA case of giant pituitary neuroendocrine tumor presented along with acute visual loss due to pituitary apoplexy after receiving a COVID-19 vaccination is reported.Case presentationA 45-year-old man was referred for a giant pituitary tumor with bitemporal hemianopsia. A surgical procedure was planned and then delayed due to the COVID-19 outbreak in Japan, with a Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine administered while awaiting surgery. Three days after the second COVID-19 vaccination the patient noted a progressively worsening headache that caused pituitary apoplexy and then a decrease in vision. Emergency surgery was thus performed.ConclusionPituitary apoplexy is a rare and life-threatening complication that may occur after undergoing a COVID-19 vaccination.
MANAJEMEN STRATEGI PENERAPAN KEBIJAKAN KURIKULUM 2013 OLEH DINAS PENDIDIKAN PEMUDA DAN OLAHRAGA KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Rahmasari Annisa Ayu , Yulyana Eka , Febriantin Kariena 
Published: July 2023

This research is aimed to explain the management strategy of the Department of Education Youth and Sports in implementing policies curriculum 2013 at the school level of junior high school in the District Karawang, which focuses on : the formulation of strategies, implementation strategies, and evaluation of strategies for the success of the policy of curriculum 2013. Methods were used in the study is that the method qualitatively with the model descriptive. Data were collected through the study of literature, observation, and interviews. The informant came from the education office and the school which consisted of principals, teachers, and students who were selected purposively. The result of this study indicate that it is in stage formulation of a strategy, basic guidelines for the implementation of the policy of the curriculum in 2013 is planning the implementation of the curriculum in 2013, strengthening the source of the power main and supporting, strengthening learning at school, and strengthening and monitoring and evaluation. Forms of socialization that is done, namely in the form of training and mentoring. In stage implementation strategy, long-term and short-term has been appropriate and in support with the availability of facilities and infrastructure that support and increase the quality of labor educator for the success of the implementation of the policy of curriculum 2013. SMP N 5 Karawang Barat become one of the pilot project of the implementation of the policy curriculum 2013. Outcome implementation of policies curriculum in 2013 can be seen on a number of quality graduates and the percentage of graduation at students of SMP N 5 Karawang Barat. In the phase of evaluation of the strategy the department has been able to overcome the obstacles that exist by way of involving teachers in activities of training, the discipline of the personnel both teachers and participants of learners more enhanced, facilities and infrastructure that is equipped.
Keywords: Strategy Management, Policy Implementation, Curriculum 2013 .
The Analisis Komunikasi Interaksionisme Simbolik Festival
Authors: Kaligis Carlita Grace Caesaria , Suharto Bambang , Isnaini Santi , Agustina Tri Siwi 
Published: July 2023

Festival merupakan salah satu aktivitas untuk melesetarikan suatu budaya. Terdapat banyak ragam budaya festival di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah Tomohon International Flower Festival (TIFF) yang menjadi acara besar setiap tahunnya. Festival ini menampilkan keindahan bunga dan tanaman hias dari seluruh Indonesia dan juga dari luar negeri. Riset ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis simbol dan makna seperti bunga, pakaian adat, tarian, dan musik digunakan untuk memperkuat identitas lokal dan memberikan pengalaman yang berbeda bagi pengunjung. Metodelogi yang digunakan dalam riset ini adalah studi kasus dilakukan pada festival yang diadakan di Kota Tomohon, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia. Riset ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi dengan teknik purposive sampling terhadap beberapa orang yang terlibat dalam acara tersebut, seperti pengunjung, peserta, dan panitia. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa TIFF memiliki ragam simbol dan makna budaya yang menjadi identitas kota Tomohon. Komunikasi interaksionisme simbolik pada Tomohon International Flower Festival (TIFF) juga menciptakan atmosfer yang positif dan memperkuat hubungan sosial di antara mereka. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa komunikasi interaksionisme simbolik memiliki peran yang penting dalam memahami interaksi sosial dalam konteks festival.

Kata Kunci: Komunikasi, interaksionisme simbolik, festival