bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rural-urban disparities in Oral Health-related Quality of Life for middle-aged and older adults with diabetes in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Hsueh-Fen , Lin Yun-Ti , Lin Jia-Ying , Lee Huey-Er 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundPublic health faces a significant challenge in reducing rural–urban disparities in diabetes. Since dietary control is part of the medical regimen for diabetes management, how diabetic patients perceive the impact of oral health on their quality of life is critical. The present study aimed to compare the Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) between rural and urban diabetic patients.MethodsThe study design was cross-sectional. The study sample included 831 self-reported diabetic patients, extracted from the first wave of the new-cohort Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging survey (NC_TLSA) that comprised a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling adults aged 50 and above in Taiwan. The composite score generated from the Oral Health Impact Profile-7 (OHIP-7), which has seven questions, was used to construct two OHRQoL measures, the severity of perceived poor OHRQoL and the prevalence of poor OHRQoL. These two OHRQoL measures were treated as dichotomous variables. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied for analysis.ResultsRural diabetic patients had a higher likelihood of experiencing the severity of perceived poor OHRQoL than those in urban areas (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.30–4.40). Although rural diabetic patients also had a higher prevalence of poor OHRQoL than urban diabetic patients, the difference was not significant (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.95–2.28). Social determinants, such as education, are essential factors attributed to both OHRQoL measures.ConclusionOverall, rural diabetes community-dwelling patients had a poorer OHRQoL than those in urban areas. Given a bidirectional relationship between oral health and diabetes, improving oral health in rural areas may be a critical avenue to improve the quality of diabetes care in rural areas.
Strategies to improve PrEP uptake among West African men who have sex with men: a multi-country qualitative study
Authors: Reyniers Thijs , Babo Stéphane Alain Yoro , Ouedraogo Mamadou , Kanta Ibrahima , Ekon Agbégnigan Laurette , Rojas Daniela , Eubanks August , Anoma Camille , Dah Ter Tiero Elias , Mensah Ephrem , Dembélé Keita Bintou , Spire Bruno , Vuylsteke Bea , Laurent Christian 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionWest African men who have sex with men (MSM) remain at substantial risk of contracting HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can be an effective game-changer in reducing the number of HIV infections in MSM communities. To optimize the roll-out of PrEP, we need to better understand how we can increase its uptake. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions of West African MSM toward PrEP and their proposed strategies to overcome barriers to PrEP uptake within their communities.MethodsBetween April 2019 and November 2021, we conducted 12 focus group discussions with 97 MSM not taking PrEP, and 64 semi-structured interviews with MSM taking PrEP, in Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Togo. Data collection and analysis were guided and conducted by local research teams, enabling a community-based participatory approach. A coordinating researcher collaborated with these local teams to analyze the data guided by a grounded theory approach.ResultsThe results show that participants were generally positive toward PrEP and that MSM communities have become more aware of PrEP for the study. We identified three main strategies for increasing PrEP uptake. First, participants proposed to raise awareness and improve knowledge of HIV as they considered the self-perceived risk of MSM in their communities to be low. Second, because of existing misconceptions and false information, participants proposed to improve the dissemination of PrEP to allow for informed choices, e.g., via peers or PrEP users themselves. Third, as oral PrEP also entails a risk of being associated with HIV or homosexuality, strategies to avoid stigmatization (e.g., hiding pills) were deemed important.DiscussionThese findings indicate that the roll-out of oral PrEP and other future PrEP modalities should be accompanied by raising awareness and improving knowledge on HIV, and wide dissemination of information that focuses on the health-promoting aspect of these tools. Tailored delivery and long-acting PrEP modalities will be important to avoid potential stigmatization. Sustained efforts to prevent discrimination and stigmatization based on HIV status or sexual orientation continue to be highly important strategies to address the HIV epidemic in West Africa.
Solar-induced 27-day modulation on polar mesospheric cloud (PMC), based on combined observations from SOFIE and MLS
Authors: Qiu Shican , Yuan Mengzhen , Soon Willie , Velasco Herrera Victor Manuel , Zhang Zhanming , Yang Chengyun , Yousof Hamad , Dou Xiankang 
Published: April 2023

Temperature and water vapor are two key variables affecting the polar mesospheric cloud (PMC). Solar radiation can increase the mesospheric temperature through UV heating. In this research, the composite solar index Y10 is used for the first time to study the influence of solar radiation on PMC variability. The ice water content (IWC) is selected to characterize the properties of PMCs. The observations of IWC are from the Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment (SOFIE) onboard the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite, and the temperature data used are measured by both the SOFIE instrument and Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) onboard the Aura satellite. According to the superposed epoch analysis (SEA) method, it is shown that the solar 27-day modulation can affect PMCs by changing and modulating the mesospheric temperature. The results show that the IWC responds to the Y10 later than the mesospheric temperature does. Further investigation into the relationship between the mesospheric temperature and PMCs reveals that the average time lag is 0 days in the northern hemisphere (NH) and 1 day in the southern hemisphere (SH). The differences in temperature response to the 27-day solar rotational modulation with atmospheric pressure and latitude are also analyzed on the basis of the temperature observations made from 2004 to 2020 by the MLS. The temperature time lag of NH2008 and NH2012 are 1–5 days (depending on latitude), close to the time lag of direct solar heating with 4 days. The PMC seasons with temperature time lags greater than 5 days are indicated to be modulated by atmospheric dynamics with a 27-day cycle. The temperature time lag has two distinct patterns of variation in latitude, and thus two different atmospheric modulation mechanisms may exist. Twelve PMC seasons with 27-day periodicity are distinguished, nine of which have decreasing temperature time lags with increasing altitude because of the atmospheric dynamical effects.
Predicting the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with the New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score in a Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Hongen , She Yuhang , Dai Shuhong , Wang Li , Tao Na , Huang Shaofen , Xu Shan , Lou Yanmei , Hu Fulan , Li Liping , Wang Changyi 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score (NCDRS) is a noninvasive tool to assess the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Chinese population. Our study aimed to evaluate the performance of the NCDRS in predicting T2DM risk with a large cohort.Methods: The NCDRS was calculated, and participants were categorized into groups by optimal cutoff or quartiles. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidential intervals (CIs) in Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between the baseline NCDRS and the risk of T2DM. The performance of the NCDRS was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC).Results: The T2DM risk was significantly increased in participants with NCDRS ≥25 (HR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.88–2.39) compared with NCDRS &lt;25 after adjusting for potential confounders. T2DM risk also showed a significant increasing trend from the lowest to the highest quartile of NCDRS. The AUC was 0.777 (95% CI 0.640–0.786) with a cutoff of 25.50.Conclusion: The NCDRS had a significant positive association with T2DM risk, and the NCDRS is valid for T2DM screening in China.
Endocarditis with Streptococcus pseudoporcinus Associated with Mastocytosis and Spondylodiscitis—A Coincidental Association? A Case Report
Authors: Birlutiu Victoria , Birlutiu Rares-Mircea , Teodoru Minodora , Catana Alina Camelia , Stoica Cristian Ioan 
Published: April 2023

Streptococcus pseudoporcinus is a nonmotile Gram-positive, catalase, and benzidine negative, arranged in short chains, isolated from the genitourinary tract group B Streptococcus. S. pseudoporcinus was also identified from blood, urine, skin, cervical area, wounds, rectum, and placenta samples. Two cases of infective endocarditis have been reported in the literature. Based on these data, the identification of a case of S. pseudoporcinus infective endocarditis associated with spondylodiscitis in a patient with undiagnosed systemic mastocytosis until the age of 63 years is unusual. Two sets of blood specimens were collected, and both sets were positive for S. pseudoporcinus. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed, multiple vegetations on the mitral valve. A lumbar spine MRI revealed L5-S1 spondylodiscitis that associates prevertebral and right paramedian epidural abscesses with compressive stenosis. The performed bone marrow biopsy, and cellularity examination revealed 5–10% mast cells in the areas of medullary tissue, an aspect that is suggestive of mastocytosis. Antibiotic therapy was initiated, under which the patient presented intermittent fever. A second transesophageal echocardiography revealed a mitral valve abscess. A mitral valve replacement with a mechanical heart valve device through a minimally invasive approach was performed, with a favorable evolution under treatment. S. pseudoporcinus can be responsible for infectious endocarditis in certain immunodepressed cases, but also in a profibrotic, proatherogenic field, as shown by the association with mastocytosis in the presented case.
التنازع في الاختصاص الوظيفي بين المحكمة الاتحادية العليا والقضاء الاداري في العراق
Authors: حمزة محمد 
Published: April 2023

مما هو مُسلّم به، ان النص الدستوري يُعد القاعدة المُلزمة لجميع اشخاص الدولة، حُكاماً كانوا او محكومين، بجميع ما تتضمنه النصوص الدستورية، وبذلك فأن السلطات الثلاث؛ التشريعية والقضائية والتنفيذية ملزمة بمضمون تلك النصوص، إذ من غير الممكن لأي من هذه السلطات ان تُضفي رؤاها الخاصة وتصوراتها على النص الدستوري، فمن المُتعيّن العودة الى ارادة المؤسس الدستوري، بُغية استجلاء المعنى الذي يبتغيه عن طريق وضعه لذلك النص. و من ذلك مضمون المادة (93/ثالثاً) من دستور العراق لسنة 2005، و التي اشارت الى المنازعات التي تختص المحكمة الاتحادية العليا بنظرها، إذ يُعد موضوع الاختصاص و الوارد تنظيمه القانوني في المواد (من 29 الى 43) من قانون المرافعات المدنية رقم (83) لسنة 1969 المعدل، من الموضوعات التي تُثار امام المحاكم، و ذلك نتيجةً للتداخلات التي يُمكن ان تحصل عند تكييف العلاقة القانونية، واسناده الى محكمة دون اخرى، و لما شهده النظام القضائي العراقي من تطورات بعد انتقاله من نظام القضاء الموحد الى القضاء المزدوج، والذي يُعد نقلةً نوعية في تكريس الاختصاص الوظيفي للقضاء، إذ تُعد الاختصاصات و تنوعها دليل على رقي المُجتمع و تنوعه، الا ان في حالة يُمكن ان توصف بأنها نادرة الحصول، نجد ان هناك تنازع في الاختصاص نشأ فيما بين المحكمة الاتحادية العليا و محاكم الدرجة الاولى(محكمة قضاء الموظفين) في محاكم القضاء الاداري، وهذا قلّما يحصل في الانظمة القانونية العالمية، إذ ان النازعات التي تحصل بين المحاكم غالبا بين محاكم الجهة القضائية او الدرجة نفسها. ففي حصول التنازع في الاختصاص بين محاكم القضاء العادي ومحاكم القضاء الاداري، فهنا يُمكن ان تتصدى هيأة تعيين المرجع وفقاً لما نص عليه قانون مجلس الدولة لسنة 1979. او ان يحصل بين محاكم القضاء الواحد، فتكون الكلمة الفصل للمحكمة العليا في هذا القضاء.
تعليق على قرار المحكمة الاتحادية العليا رقم 158 لسنة 2022 - المحكمة الاتحادية العليا وضوابط العدول الذاتية عن الاحكام القضائية
Authors: البدري احمد 
Published: April 2023

العدول عن الاحكام في القضاء الدستوري ظاهرة قضائية مستقرة في معظم المحاكم العليا ، والسبب يرجع الى ما تتمتع به هذه احكام هذه المحاكم من حجية مطلقة ترجع الى كونها غير قابلة للطعن بطرق الطعن القضائية المعروفة على مستوى القضاء العادي ، والمحكمة الاتحادية العليا في رغم حداثة تشكليها نسبياً الى انها اخذت بما انتهى اليه القضاء الدستوري في العالم ومنه الاخذ بمبدأ العدول القضائي استجابة للمتغيرات السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والانسانية ، والعدول عن الاحكام القضائية والذي يطلق عليه الفقه احياناً مصطلح ( التحول في الاحكام ) يعني تغير اتجاهات المحكمة القضائية وتبني حكم او حل جديد متناقض مع حكم قديم بسبب ظروف سياسية او اجتماعية او اقتصادية او قانونية وعادة ما يكون هذا التحول بأرادة القضاء الدستوري ، وقد يكون هذا التحول على مستوى تفسير نصوص الدستور فيتبنى القضاء الدستوري بارادته تفسيراً جديداً لنص دستوري متناقض او متعارض لتفسير سابق لذات النص ، وهذا التحول في الاحكام اساسه سنة التطور وما كان مقبولاً في الامس لا يمكن قبوله اليوم في ظروف معينه وهذه العلة الاساسية للعدول او التحول في الاحكام القضائية ، ولذلك فأن مبررات العدول متنوعه ما بين دعم القضاء الدستوري للحقوق والحريات العامة وما بين دعم للمبادىء الاساسية الواردة في الدستور وما بين تصحيح الاحكام الدستورية السابقة
Management of the effectiveness of investment planning using economic and mathematical modeling
Authors: Mykytyuk Petro , Mykytyuk Yuliia 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. When solving optimal tasks at the stage of technical and economic planning, it is necessary to establish an optimality criterion, which is mathematically written as an objective function. Minimization of the duration of the project works during its implementation within the time limit set by the investor is such a criterion in the formulation of our task. By limitations of the model, we understand such conditions, which are expressed in the limitation of resources both quantitatively and qualitatively: hence the problem of their saving, the best distribution, and effective use arises.Goal consists in the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the concept of managing the effectiveness of investment planning with the use of economic and mathematical modelingResearch methods. In the research process, general scientific and special methods of cognition were used: analysis and synthesis, theoretical generalization and formal logic, system approach, classification, statistical analysis, functional-value analysis, generalization, observation, mathematical statistics, simulation and network modeling, specification, technical and economic calculationsResults. It was found that with the help of the proposed technology «Flow» it is possible to determine: the calendar schedule of works for the optimal version of the project implementation; the calendar dates of the start and end of critical works, on which the duration of the entire project depends; actual project implementation costs. The value of the objective function shows what additional costs are necessary for the implementation of the investment project in a given period. It has been proven that the «Flow» technology allows you to determine the value of the model and, in our opinion, demonstrates the improvement of the existing solution to the tasks of project implementation within the given time and ensures the compatibility and unity of information support, and therefore allows you to receive more reliable data. The main advantages of the proposed method were evaluated: availability of raw data; a calculation algorithm that is understandable to any project participant; clarity of results; connection in a single model of the economic interests of the main participants of the project.Perspectives. Further research should be aimed at carrying out a continuous process of qualitative and quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of the project management information system and the need to create a special organizational unit - a strategic committee, which will allow the creation of mechanisms for effective management of investment projects of the territorial community, to achieve its strategic goals, and will also contribute to the implementation of strategies due to the consistent actions of the community investment development management staff.
Effect of electric field frequency on double hysteresis loops and energy storage characteristics of Sm/Mn co-doped PMN-PT ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Tian Xue , Wang Yaqi , Zheng Fengji , Gao Wen , Shi Guoqing , Xiong Zixiang , Fu Dashi , Ye Wanneng , Qin Yalin , Zhang Yongcheng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The generation and control of double hysteresis loops in ferroelectrics are of great significance for understanding the polarization reversal and application of energy storage. For Sm/Mn ions co-doped 0.70PMN-0.30PT ceramics, results indicate that when Sm-doping content is 2.5 mol%, the Mn doping content is higher than 2.5 mol% and the frequency of the electric field is higher than 5 Hz, double hysteresis loops can be obtained. Low-frequency measurement can transform the double hysteresis loops into normal hysteresis loops. This phenomenon is analyzed by the difference in polarization reversal kinetics between spontaneous polarization and defect polarization.
Design and Validation of a Torso-Dynamics Estimation System (TES) for Hands-Free Physical Human-Robot Interaction*
Authors: Song Seung Yun , Guo Yixiang , Yuan Chentai , Marin Nadja , Xiao Chenzhang , Bleakney Adam , Elliott Jeannette , Ramos Joao , Hsiao-Wecksler Elizabeth 
Published: April 2023

<p>This is a submitted draft of a paper on the design and validation of a Torso-dynamics Estimation System (TES). The TES consisted of a Force Sensing Seat (FSS) and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) that measured the kinetics and kinematics of the subject's torso motions. The FSS estimated the 3D forces, 3D moments, and 2D COPs while the IMU estimated the 3D torso angles. To validate the TES, the FSS and IMU estimates were compared to gold standard research equipment (AMTI force plate and Qualisys motion capture system, respectively).</p>
<p>Potential applications of the TES include physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) for navigating riding or remote robots.</p>
<p>The data and data processing code from this study are open source and can be found via the following links:</p>
<ul>
<li>IEEE DataPort with data: https://ieee-dataport.org/documents/validation-study-torso-dynamics-estimation-system-tes-hands-free-physical-human-robot </li>
<li>GitHub repository with code: https://github.com/ssong47/TorsodynamicsEstimationSystem </li>
</ul>
<p><br></p>
Модель синтезу тривимірного зображення користувача на підставі ігрового рушія SceneKit та USDZ формату під ОС IOS
Authors: Островка Д. В. , Теслюк В. М. 
Published: April 2023

Подано модель синтезу 3D-аватару обличчя користувача, що використовує набір 3D-морфів та їх комбінацію. Проаналізовано ключові характеристики обличчя людини, такі як форма носа, рота та очей, і створення морфів, що відповідають цим особливостям. Отримана 3D-модель може бути доопрацьована коригуванням морфів, поки не буде досягнуто бажаного рівня точності. Розроблено тривимірну модель з урахуванням специфіки відображення 3D об'єктів на мобільній платформі так, щоб займати якомога менше пам'яті на диску та забезпечити оптимізацію при відображенні. Перевагою такого підходу є можливість створення додаткових 3D-морфів для взаємодії моделі з користувачем та відображення емоцій. Під час виконання цієї роботи проаналізовано сучасні наукові дослідження у галузі. На підставі отриманих результатів зроблено висновок щодо оптимальних підходів для синтезу тривимірного аватару користувача на платформі iOS. Базову тривимірну модель розроблено за допомогою відкритого програмного забезпечення Blender, а морфи створені для відображення емоцій користувача за допомогою техніки під назвою blend shapes. Для забезпечення сумісності та максимальної ефективності при рендерингу на мобільній ОС iOS використовується модель, подана у форматі USDZ. Також під час виконання поставленого завдання розроблено алгоритм синтезу тривимірного аватара користувача на платформі iOS з використанням саме ігрового рушія SceneKit та таких засобів, як: апаратно-пришвидшений API для 3D-графіки Metal та фреймворк для роботи з доповненою реальністю – ARKit. Використання саме цих вбудованих методів і засобів дало змогу не залежати від стороннього ПЗ, а також досягнути більшої оптимізації при відображенні та взаємодії із синтезованою моделлю порівняно з наявними аналогами. Результатом розробленої моделі та алгоритму є мобільний додаток для платформи iOS, який дає змогу користувачеві створювати власний цифровий 3D-аватар та взаємодіяти з ним, проєктуючи свої емоції обличчя на відображену модель.
Resilience of Grain Storage Markets to Upheaval in Futures Markets
Authors: Hayhurst Emma , Brorsen B. Wade 
Published: April 2023

The past two decades have had times when grain cash and futures markets did not converge during delivery. What was the economic impact of this non-convergence on storage markets? To answer this question the supply of storage is estimated for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The lack of convergence is measured using a historical basis. The econometric model shows no relationship between the supply of storage and the lack of convergence. Thus, empirical results suggest that markets were able to adapt to the lack of convergence. Overall, the research indicates the resilience of storage markets to structural change.
The Rapid Onset of Stellar Bars in the Baryon-dominated Centers of Disk Galaxies
Authors: Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Tepper-Garcia Thor , Agertz Oscar , Freeman Ken 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Recent observations of high-redshift galactic disks (z ≈ 1–3) show a strong negative trend in the dark-matter (DM) fraction f
DM with increasing baryon surface density. For this to be true, the inner baryons must dominate over DM in early massive galaxies, as observed in the Milky Way today. If disks are dominant at early times, we show that stellar bars form promptly within these disks, leading to a high bar fraction. New James Webb Space Telescope observations provide the best evidence for mature stellar bars in this redshift range. The disk mass fraction f
disk within R

s
= 2.2 R
disk is the dominant factor determining how rapidly a bar forms. Using 3D hydro simulations of halo-bulge-disk galaxies, we confirm the “Fujii relation” for the exponential dependence of the bar formation time τ
bar as a function of f
disk. For f
disk > 0.3, the bar formation time declines exponentially fast with increasing f
disk. Instead of Fujii's arbitrary threshold for when a bar appears, for the first time, we exploit the exponential growth timescale associated with the positive feedback cycle as the bar emerges from the underlying disk. A modified, mass-dependent trend is observed for halos relevant to systems at cosmic noon (

10.5
<
log

M

halo

<
12

), where the bar onset is slower for higher-mass halos at a fixed f
disk. If baryons dominate over DM within R ≈ R

s
, we predict that a high fraction of bars will be found in high-redshift disks long before z = 1.
Back to the Starting Point: On the Simulation of the Initial Magnetic Fields and Spin Periods of Nonaccreting Pulsars
Authors: Xu Kun , Yang Hao-Ran , Mao Ying-Han , Xu Xiao-Tian , Li Xiang-Dong , Liu Jifeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Neutron stars (NSs) play essential roles in modern astrophysics. The magnetic fields and spin periods of newborn (zero-age) NSs have a large impact on the further evolution of NSs, which are, however, poorly explored in observations due to the difficulty of finding newborn NSs. In this work, we aim to infer the magnetic fields and spin periods (B
i and P
i) of zero-age NSs from the observed properties of the NS population. We select nonaccreting NSs whose evolution is solely determined by magnetic dipole radiation. We find that both B
i and P
i can be described by lognormal distribution, and the fitting sensitively depends on our parameters.