bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in the energy supply strategy of the EU countries amid the full-scale Russian invasion
Authors: Kravchenko M. , Ilyash O. , Smoliar L. , Boiarynova К. , Trofymenko O. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine could have a profound impact on short-term solutions to the energy crisis (due to the loss of long-term contracts for additional volumes of Russian gas). It could block a unified agenda because of diverging interests of European countries, reduce European negotiating power, and therefore, weaken Europe’s resistance to Russian energy coercion in the long term. The article confirms the hypothesis that the European energy crisis leads to a slowdown in production and is caused primarily by smaller gas reserves, higher prices and tighter global supplies. Based on the study of a specially developed index and the results of assessing the state of energy independence of the European Union since the beginning of the 21st century made it possible to carry out the task of researching changes in the energy supply system of the EU countries against a background of the Russian war. The demonstration of a map of the most relevant ways of importing pipelines to the EU indicates the need to change the directions of diversification of the energy imports structure. The goal-setting of the directions of implementing the «Fit For 55» programme regarding the reduction of gas consumption by 2030 was studied and the strategy of reducing the dependence of the European Union on Russian gas was analysed.
A new approach to the organization of mining personnel training - the direction of Geoengineering and Raw Materials Extraction at the Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation
Authors: Wyganowska M , Bańka P 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Dynamic technological, social and economic changes are forcing managers of mining enterprises to make decisions aimed at creating conditions for innovative transformation and development of these entities. Companies are beginning to use modern technologies that allow them to increase productivity and reduce production costs, and these activities are causing new expectations of employers in the mining industry in terms of the education and skills of engineering personnel, who, with their competence and motivation, are becoming one of the key groups that determine success. This, in turn, brings with it the need for changes in education and forces the adaptation of study programs to socio-economic needs. Hence the offer of a new course in Geoengineering and Raw Materials Extraction.
High-dimensional analysis of variance in multivariate linear regression
Authors: Lou Zhipeng , Zhang Xianyang , Wu Wei Biao 
Published: January 2023

Summary
In this paper, we develop a systematic theory for high-dimensional analysis of variance in multivariate linear regression, where the dimension and the number of coefficients can both grow with the sample size. We propose a new U-type statistic to test linear hypotheses and establish a high-dimensional Gaussian approximation result under fairly mild moment assumptions. Our general framework and theory can be used to deal with the classical one-way multivariate analysis of variance, and the nonparametric one-way multivariate analysis of variance in high dimensions. To implement the test procedure, we introduce a sample-splitting-based estimator of the second moment of the error covariance and discuss its properties. A simulation study shows that our proposed test outperforms some existing tests in various settings.
Ritlecitinib (PF-06651600), an oral JAK3/TEC inhibitor, shows efficacy in patients with active nonsegmental vitiligo and either a lighter or darker Fitzpatrick skin type: results from a phase 2b, randomized, dose-ranging study with an extension period
Authors: Peeva Elena , Yamaguchi Yuji , King Brett , Han George , Cox Lori Ann , Banerjee Anindita , Picardo Mauro , Bae Jung Min , Sloan Abigail , Sinclair Rodney , Ezzedine Khaled 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ritlecitinib, an oral JAK3/TEC inhibitor, inhibits cytokines IL-15 and IFN-γ that play a critical role in vitiligo pathogenesis. In a phase 2b trial, ritlecitinib demonstrated a significant improvement on the centrally read Facial Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (crF-VASI) at Week 24 in patients with active nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV) at 50 mg daily with or without a loading dose (100 or 200 mg daily for 4 weeks). Improvement on the crF-VASI was observed up to Week 48 in patients receiving ritlecitinib 50 mg daily with a 200 mg daily loading dose for 4 weeks in the 24-week extension period. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of ritlecitinib, an oral JAK3/TEC inhibitor, in patients with active NSV and lighter Fitzpatrick skin types (FST; I–III) or darker FST (IV–VI) from the Phase 2b study (NCT03715829). Patients with active NSV were randomized to placebo or ritlecitinib 50 mg daily with or without a loading dose (200 or 100 mg, 4-week) or low doses (30 or 10 mg) in a 24-week, dose-ranging period, followed by a 24-week extension wherein patients were allocated to 200/50 mg (200 mg, 4-week; 50 mg, 20-week). Percent change from baseline (%CFB) in F-VASI was evaluated. Safety endpoints included incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). A total of 253 patients (lighter FST, n = 170; darker FST, n = 83) completed the dose-ranging period. Placebo-adjusted mean %CFB in F-VASI at Week 24 among the 50 mg and low-dose groups, respectively, were −15·2 (P = 0·0043) and −5·5 (P = 0·1991) in lighter FST and −37·4 (P &lt; 0·0001) and −15·7 (P = 0·0401) in darker FST. In the extension, 187 patients received 200/50 mg and 136 (lighter FST, n = 96; darker FST, n = 40) completed Week 48. Continuous re-pigmentation without plateau of effect was observed across FST through Week 48; mean %CFB in F-VASI at Week 48 in patients initially treated with 50 mg, low doses or placebo in the dose-ranging period, respectively, were −63·1, −51·0 and −51·3 for lighter FST and −66·8, −51·0 and −52·5 for darker FST. TEAE incidence in the dose-ranging period was similar between lighter and darker FST (range, 69·2–81·0%). Ritlecitinib was generally safe with similar efficacy in vitiligo patients with lighter or darker FST.
Vitiligo evidence-based expert consensus recommendations for paediatric and adolescent patients: part I—topical therapeutics
Authors: Renert-Yuval Yael , Ezzedine Khaled , Grimes Pearl , Rosmarin David , Eichenfield Lawrence , Castelo-Soccio Leslie , Huang Victor , Desai Seemal R , Walsh Samantha , Silverberg Jonathan I , Paller Amy S , Weingarten Mark , Narla Shanthi , Gardner Jackie , Siegel Michael , Silverberg Nanette B 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
No United States paradigm for the treatment of paediatric, adolescent and young adult vitiligo has been developed. To develop evidence and consensus-based expert opinion to promote therapeutic consistency for the diagnosis and treatment of vitiligo. An IRB-exempted process was developed to produce consensus recommendations based on literature review and SORT criteria. Research questions were reviewed on 9 May 2022 in a video-based conference. Forty-two recommendations were made on the diagnosis of vitiligo (5) and optimal topical therapeutics (37). Topical calcineurin inhibitors, topical corticosteroids and topical ruxolitinib 1·5% cream were all identified as potential first-line therapies in the management of paediatric and adolescent patients with specific guidance on age-based data, frequency of application, minimum length of the therapeutic trial and coordinated usage of ultraviolet light therapy. The literature on paediatric and adolescent vitiligo has a heterogeneous methodology and lack of patient-reported outcomes. Children with vitiligo may be effectively managed with a variety of topical agents as first- and second-line therapy. Evidence supports the utility of topical calcineurin inhibitors, topical corticosteroids and topical JAK inhibitors, with limitations based on factors such as location, body surface area and age.
Vitiligo is associated with mental health disorders, substance abuse, cardiovascular risk factors and events, and venous thromboembolism: analysis of the 2015–2019 nationwide emergency department sample
Authors: Rios-Duarte Jorge A , Silverberg Jonathan I 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Vitiligo is a chronic inflammatory depigmenting skin disease that is associated with psychosocial burden and quality of life impact. Previous studies show that patients with vitiligo have an increased likelihood of autoimmune diseases, but they reveal conflicting results regarding mental health disorders, cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolism and other comorbidities. We sought to investigate the association of vitiligo with a variety of comorbid health disorders. Data were analysed from 2015 to 2019 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS), including a representative 20% sample of all emergency department visits in the United States. Vitiligo and comorbidities were identified by using the international classification of disease 10 codes. Associations of vitiligo with various comorbidities were tested using weighted multivariable logistic regression models. The most frequent comorbidities diagnosed in patients presenting to the emergency department with vitiligo were essential hypertension [weighted prevalence (95% confidence interval, CI): 37·0% (34·6–39·0%)], followed by hyperlipidaemia [30·0% (27·7–32·0%)], hypothyroidism [22·9% (20·7–25·0%)], gastro-esophageal reflux disease without esophagitis [19·2% (17·6–21·0%)], history of nicotine dependence [18·1% (16·5–20·0%)], acute kidney failure [16·1% (14·7–18·0%)], atherosclerotic heart disease without angina [14·8% (13·2–17·0%)] and type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications [14·0% (12·1–16·0%)]. In multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for sex, age and insurance status, vitiligo was associated with alcohol use disorder [adjusted odds ratio (95% CI): 1·88 (1·68–2·11)], anxiety spectrum disorders [1·80 (1·65–1·96)], asthma [1·82 (1·65–2·01)], atrial fibrillation [1·49 (1·35–1·65)], coronary artery disease [1·79 (1·63–1·96)], depressive disorders [2·18 (2·00–2·38)], diabetes mellitus [2·65 (2·42–2·91)], myocardial infarction [2·32 (1·98–2·72)], heart failure [2·09 (1·91–2·28)], hyperlipidaemia [2·66 (2·45–2·88)], hypertension [2·16 (1·96–2·39)], hyperthyroidism [12·59 (11·07–14·32)], hypothyroidism [5·46 (4·95–6·02)], peripheral artery disease [2·69 (2·05–3·53)], pneumonia [2·20 (2·00–2·43)], sleep apnoea [2·43 (2·16–2·74)], stroke [1·81 (1·57–2·08)], suicide ideation or attempt [1·67 (1·39–2·01)] and venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism [2·46 (2·12–2·85)]. These results show that patients with vitiligo have a significantly higher likelihood of comorbid mental health disorders, substance abuse, cardiovascular risk factors and events, and venous thromboembolism.
Association between BMI and vitiligo distribution: an observational cohort study
Authors: O’Hagan Ross , Kamat Samir , Wieder Shira , Perl Marcel , Silverberg Nanette 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Vitiligo is an inflammatory skin condition affecting 0·5–2% of people. Previous studies have found that vitiligo does not appear to have an association with an increased body mass index (BMI) nor is BMI a risk factor for vitiligo. However, to the best of our knowledge, the relationship between a patient being over or underweight and the presentation of vitiligo has not been explored. Here, we aim to explore the relationship between BMI classifications and vitiligo distribution. A total of 1685 consecutive patients with vitiligo were recruited as part of an ongoing survey study. Patients self-identified their sex, age, race and regions of vitiligo distribution. Patients reported their height and weight, which was then used to generate BMI values, which were then grouped into classifications. The BMI classifications were underweight for patients with a BMI &gt;18·5, normal for patients with a BMI equal to 18·5 or larger but &lt;30 and overweight for patients with a BMI equal to or over 30. Analysis was performed with R (version 1·4). The cohort (n = 1685) had a median age of 42 years, was predominantly female (72%) and was predominantly white (64%). The patients were divided into three weight classes: 1270 normal weight, 344 overweight and 71 underweight. Vitiligo presentation was more likely for overweight individuals in the chest (P = 0·007), stomach (P &lt; 0·001), underarms (P = 0·005), arms (P = 0·007), elbows (P = 0·031), wrists (P = 0·040), hands (P = 0·003), fingers (P = 0·004), buttocks (P = 0·002), ankles (P = 0·033), feet (P &lt; 0·001) and toes (P = 0·022). Vitiligo presentation does not seem to have a relationship with one’s BMI classification in the distribution of the eyelids, lips, mouth, back, hips, genitals, legs and knees. Our preliminary analysis supports that there is a relationship between a patient’s body mass classification and the distribution of vitiligo. Vitiligo presentation seems to be more likely for overweight individuals in the chest, stomach, underarms, arms, elbows, wrists, hands, fingers, buttocks, ankles, feet and toes. Vitiligo presentation does not seem to have a relationship with one’s BMI classification in the distribution of the eyelids, lips, mouth, back, hips, genitals, legs and knees. The effect of weight-induced friction and metabolic syndrome on vitiligo disease progression needs to be explored further. Further studies are needed to explore the varying presentation of vitiligo in individuals of all BMI subtypes and whether weight can help reduce the spread of the disease.
Proprioceptors-enriched neuronal cultures from induced pluripotent stem cells from Friedreich ataxia patients show altered transcriptomic and proteomic profiles, abnormal neurite extension, and impaired electrophysiological properties
Authors: Dionisi Chiara , Chazalon Marine , Rai Myriam , Keime Céline , Imbault Virginie , Communi David , Puccio Hélène , Schiffmann Serge N , Pandolfo Massimo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder with prominent neurological manifestations and cardiac involvement. The disease is caused by large GAA expansions in the first intron of the FXN gene, encoding the mitochondrial protein frataxin, resulting in downregulation of gene expression and reduced synthesis of frataxin. The selective loss of proprioceptive neurons is a hallmark of Friedreich ataxia, but the cause of the specific vulnerability of these cells is still unknown. We herein perform an in vitro characterization of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neuronal cultures highly enriched for primary proprioceptive neurons. We employ neurons differentiated from healthy donors, Friedreich ataxia patients and Friedreich ataxia sibling isogenic control lines. The analysis of the transcriptomic and proteomic profile suggests an impairment of cytoskeleton organization at the growth cone, neurite extension and, at later stages of maturation, synaptic plasticity. Alterations in the spiking profile of tonic neurons are also observed at the electrophysiological analysis of mature neurons. Despite the reversal of the repressive epigenetic state at the FXN locus and the restoration of FXN expression, isogenic control neurons retain many features of Friedreich ataxia neurons. Our study suggests the existence of abnormalities affecting proprioceptors in Friedreich ataxia, particularly their ability to extend towards their targets and transmit proper synaptic signals. It also highlights the need for further investigations to better understand the mechanistic link between FXN silencing and proprioceptive degeneration in Friedreich ataxia.
Shaking Legitimacy: The Impact of Earthquakes on Conflict in Historical China
Authors: Bai Ying 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the causal effect of political legitimacy on stability, using the historical case of Imperial China. Chinese rulers ascribed their legitimacy to a heavenly mandate. Calamities like earthquakes were considered to be a sign of weakened approval, making quakes a proxy for a negative legitimacy shock. I use quake-induced minor shaking (i.e., strong enough to be felt, but too weak to cause material damage) to demonstrate that legitimacy shocks cause more conflicts. I examine whether quakes serve as a coordination device to overcome collective action problems.
Employment status at time of acute myocardial infarction and risk of death and recurrent acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Petersen Jeppe K , Shams-Eldin Abdulrahman N , Fosbøl Emil L , Rørth Rasmus , Sørensen Rikke , Jabbari Reza , Engstrøm Thomas , Holmvang Lene , Pedersen Frants , Alhakak Amna , Krøll Johanna , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Køber Lars , Butt Jawad H 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Employment is important for physical and mental health and self-esteem and provides financial independence. However, little is known on the prognostic value of employment status prior to admission with acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods and results
Using Danish nationwide registries, all patients between 18 and 60 years with a first-time MI admission (2010–2018) and alive at discharge were included. Rates of all-cause mortality and recurrent MI according to workforce attachment at the time of the event was compared using multivariable Cox regression. Of the 16 060 patients included in the study, 3520 (21.9%) patients were not part of the workforce. Patients who were not part of the workforce were older (52 vs. 51 years), less often men (63% vs. 77%), less likely to have higher education, more often living alone (47% vs. 29%), and more often had comorbidities, including heart failure, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The absolute 5-year risk of death was 3.3% and 12.8% in the workforce and non-workforce group, respectively. The corresponding rates of recurrent MI were 7.5% and 10.9%, respectively. In adjusted analyses, not being part of the workforce was associated with a significantly higher rate of all-cause mortality [HR: 2.39 (95% CI: 2.01–2.83)] and recurrent MI [1.36 (1.18–1.57)].

Conclusion
Among patients of working age who were admitted with MI and alive at discharge, not being part of the workforce was associated with a higher long-term rate of all-cause mortality and recurrent MI.
A modERN resource: identification of Drosophila transcription factor candidate target genes using RNAi
Authors: Fisher William W , Hammonds Ann S , Weiszmann Richard , Booth Benjamin W , Gevirtzman Louis , Patton Jaeda E J , Kubo Connor A , Waterston Robert H , Celniker Susan E 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) play a key role in development and in cellular responses to the environment by activating or repressing the transcription of target genes in precise spatial and temporal patterns. In order to develop a catalog of target genes of Drosophila melanogaster TFs, the modERN consortium systematically knocked down the expression of TFs using RNAi in whole embryos followed by RNA-seq. We generated data for 45 TFs which have 18 different DNA-binding domains and are expressed in 15 of the 16 organ systems. The range of inactivation of the targeted TFs by RNAi ranged from log2fold change −3.52 to +0.49. The TFs also showed remarkable heterogeneity in the numbers of candidate target genes identified, with some generating thousands of candidates and others only tens. We present detailed analysis from five experiments, including those for three TFs that have been the focus of previous functional studies (ERR, sens, and zfh2) and two previously uncharacterized TFs (sens-2 and CG32006), as well as short vignettes for selected additional experiments to illustrate the utility of this resource. The RNA-seq datasets are available through the ENCODE DCC (http://encodeproject.org) and the Sequence Read Archive (SRA). TF and target gene expression patterns can be found here: https://insitu.fruitfly.org. These studies provide data that facilitate scientific inquiries into the functions of individual TFs in key developmental, metabolic, defensive, and homeostatic regulatory pathways, as well as provide a broader perspective on how individual TFs work together in local networks during embryogenesis.
Machine learning and marsquakes: a tool to predict atmospheric-seismic noise for the NASA InSight mission
Authors: Stott A E , Garcia R F , Chédozeau A , Spiga A , Murdoch N , Pinot B , Mimoun D , Charalambous C , Horleston A , King S D , Kawamura T , Dahmen N , Barkaoui S , Lognonné P , Banerdt W B 
Published: January 2023

SUMMARY
The SEIS (seismic experiment for the interior structure of Mars) experiment on the NASA InSight mission has catalogued hundreds of marsquakes so far. However, the detectability of these events is controlled by the weather which generates noise on the seismometer. This affects the catalogue on both diurnal and seasonal scales. We propose to use machine learning methods to fit the wind, pressure and temperature data to the seismic energy recorded in the 0.4–1 and 2.2–2.6 Hz bandwidths to examine low- (LF) and high-frequency (HF) seismic event categories respectively. We implement Gaussian process regression and neural network models for this task. This approach provides the relationship between the atmospheric state and seismic energy. The obtained seismic energy estimate is used to calculate signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of marsquakes for multiple bandwidths. We can then demonstrate the presence of LF energy above the noise level during several events predominantly categorized as HF, suggesting a continuum in event spectra distribution across the marsquake types. We introduce an algorithm to detect marsquakes based on the subtraction of the predicted noise from the observed data. This algorithm finds 39 previously undetected marsquakes, with another 40 possible candidates. Furthermore, an analysis of the detection algorithm’s variable threshold provides an empirical estimate of marsquake detectivity. This suggests that events producing the largest signal on the seismometer would be seen almost all the time, the median size signal event 45–50 per cent of the time and smallest signal events 5−20 per cent of the time.