bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A Binding in the Human Postmortem Essential Tremor Cerebellum: Evidence of Reduction in Synaptic Density
Authors: Yang Yanghong , Zheng Chao , Chen Baosheng , Hernandez Nora C. , Faust Phyllis L. , Cai Zhengxin , Louis Elan D. , Matuskey David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

ObjectiveDespite being one of the most prevalent neurological diseases, the pathophysiology of essential tremor (ET) is not fully understood. Neuropathological studies have identified numerous degenerative changes in the cerebellum of ET patients, however. These data align with considerable clinical and neurophysiological data linking ET to the cerebellum. While neuroimaging studies have variably shown mild atrophy in the cerebellum, marked atrophy is not a clear feature of the cerebellum in ET and that a search for a more suitable neuroimaging signature of neurodegeneration is in order. Postmortem studies in ET have examined different neuropathological alterations in the cerebellum, but as of yet have not focused on measures of generalized synaptic markers. This pilot study focuses on synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A), a protein expressed in practically all synapses in the brain, as a measure of synaptic density in postmortem ET cases.MethodsThe current study utilized autoradiography with the SV2A radioligand [18F]SDM-16 to assess synaptic density in the cerebellar cortex and dentate nucleus in three ET cases and three age-matched controls.ResultsUsing [18F]SDM-16, SV2A was 53% and 46% lower in the cerebellar cortex and dentate nucleus, respectively, in ET cases compared to age-matched controls.ConclusionFor the first time, usingin vitroSV2A autoradiography, we have observed significantly lower synaptic density in the cerebellar cortex and dentate nucleus of ET cases. Future research could focus onin vivoimaging in ET to explore whether SV2A imaging could serve as a much-needed disease biomarker.
PDZK1 protects against mechanical overload-induced chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis by targeting mitochondrial function
Authors: Cai Daozhang , Zhang Haiyan , Zhang Hongbo , Guan Hong , Pan Haoyan , Qi Weizhong , Ynag lingfeng , Yin Jianbin , Shao Yan , Liu Liangliang , Lu Yuheng , Zhang Sheng , Wang Guiqing , Bai Xiaochun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mechanical overloading and aging are two essential factors for osteoarthritis (OA) development. Mitochondria has been identified as a mechano-transducer situated between extracellular mechanical signals and chondrocyte biology, but its role and mechanism in mechanical stress-associated chondrocyte senescence and OA is not elucidated. Herein, we found that PDZK1, one of the PDZ proteins which belongs to NHE Regulatory Factor (NHERF) family, is a key factor in biomechanically induced mitochondria dysfunction and chondrocyte senescence during OA progression. PDZK1 is reduced by mechanical overload, and is decreased in articular cartilage of OA patients, aged mice, and OA mice. Knockout of Pdzk1 in chondrocytes aggravates mechanical overload-induced cartilage degeneration, whereas intraarticular injection of adeno-associated virus-expressing Pdzk1 had a therapeutic effect. Moreover, we found loss of PDZK1 impaired chondrocytes mitochondria function with accumulated damaged mitochondria, decreased mtDNA content and increased production of reactive oxygen species. Supplementary of PDZK1 or mitoQ alleviated chondrocyte senescence and cartilage degeneration and significantly protected chondrocyte mitochondrial functions. MRNA sequencing in articular cartilage from Pdzk1KO mice and controls showed that PDZK1 deficiency in chondrocytes interference with mitochondrial function through binding and inhibiting Hmgcs2. Our results suggest that PDZK1 deficiency plays a crucial role in mediating excessive mechanical load induced chondrocyte senescence and is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Overexpression of PDZK1 or preservation mitochondrial functions by MitoQ might present a new therapeutic method for mechanical overload induced OA.
Development Of An Automated Steerable Radio Telescope.
Authors: Dutta Pritam , Saraswat Rushil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The paper presents an innovative approach towards the design and construction of a steerable radio telescope with an automated control system. The telescope uses a combination of motors and sensors to steer towards celestial objects of interest, with the ability to track moving targets such as satellites. The authors detail the technical specifications of the telescope, including its radio frequency range, sensitivity, and accuracy, and discuss the challenges encountered during its development. This research paper is highly relevant to the field of astrophysics as radio telescopes play a critical role in studying the properties of the universe. The development of an automated steerable radio telescope presents new opportunities for data collection and analysis, allowing astronomers to observe the universe more efficiently and effectively. The paper demonstrates the application of physics principles, such as mechanics and electromagnetism, in the design and operation of the telescope. The findings of this study can contribute to further research in astrophysics, including studies of the cosmic microwave background, radio galaxies, and other extragalactic sources. Overall, the development of an automated steerable radio telescope represents a significant advancement in the field of astrophysics and presents new avenues for research and discovery in the coming years.
A rare subtype of McCune-Albright syndrome in a 5.4 years old girl: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kudsi Mohammed Sami , Kudsi Muhammad Anas , Hammal Alaa , Ibrahim Amna , Alhussein Hachem 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare sporadic disease Characterized by café-au-lait lesions and hyperfunctional endocrinopathies and bone fibrous dysplasia with estimated prevalence ranges between 1/100,000 and 1/1,000,000. This subtype of McCune-Albright is very rare and forms 1% of the of all cases.Case presentation We present an atypical case of McCune–Albright syndrome missing fibrous dysplasia in a 5.4 years old girl that manifest with recurrent vaginal bleeding, initially diagnosed as precocious puberty. On clinical examination large skin pigmentation was noted on the back, X-ray revealed no radiolucent lesions in numerous bones which excludes Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and makes the diagnosis dependent on the other 2 out of 3 features: Café-au-lait skin pigmentation and Autonomous endocrine hyperfunction (which represented in this case as a precocious puberty). The patient was treated successfully with letrozole and after 5 months of follow-up, she stopped having vaginal bleeding.Conclusions McCune-Albright syndrome can presents without fibrous dysplasia and the physician must be able to detect the syndrome in cases of vaginal bleeding and café-au-lait spots in young females. Additionally following-up and surveillance are necessary to detect other manifestations of the syndrome that might appear subsequently.
STEAM-Based Integrated Curriculum: Perceptions and Practices of School Head Teachers
Authors: Koirala Kamal Prasad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to find out the present status of integrated curriculum (grades 1–3) with experience to support transformative learning practice at the school level. The national and locally prepared curriculum for purposing to teach the integrated curriculum with transformative learning theory was reviewed in different contexts. This study followed a critical case study design under a qualitative, transformative, and participatory methodology. This study was carried out at Gorkha district selecting the three schools and headteachers. Themes were determined based on observation and interview data. The finding indicates that the present revised STEAM-based integrated curriculum tried to provide holistic, transformative learning practice by enhancing students' knowledge, skills and entrepreneurship capacity to culturally diverse students. However, headteachers and other teachers could not successfully develop an enthusiasm for its perfect implication in the school education system. Concrete professional training could support the implication of a newly revised STEAM-based integrated curriculum.
Life history strategies and niches of soil bacteria emerge from interacting thermodynamic, biophysical, and metabolic traits
Authors: Brodie Eoin , Marschmann Gianna , Tang Jinyun , Zhalnina Kateryna , Karaoz Ulas , Cho Heejung , Le Beatrice , Pett-Ridge Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To comprehensively represent the diverse traits found in soil microbiomes in biogeochemical models, it is crucial to leverage information from microbial genomes. This can be achieved by incorporating microbial traits into a theory-based hierarchical framework, allowing for emergent behavior to occur through trait interactions. Here, we combined theory-based predictions of substrate uptake kinetics with a new genome-informed trait-based dynamic energy budget model to predict life history traits and trade-offs of soil bacteria. These bacteria play a critical role in determining the long-term fate of soil carbon through the biochemical transformation of plant root-derived carbon. Without calibration, and using only genome-derived microbial parameters, the model successfully predicted substrate preferences during plant growth and captured resource-dependent trade-offs between growth rate (power) and growth efficiency (yield) that are fundamental to microbial fitness and carbon retention in soil. This approach provides a generalizable data-driven foundation for the trait-based representation of microorganisms in biogeochemical models.
Time-dependent global attractor for the nonclassicalreaction-diffusion equations with linear memory
Authors: jin jundong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this article, we consider the long-time behavior of solutions for the nonclassical reaction-diffusionequations with linear memory when the forcing term g(x) ∈ H −1 (Ω) and the nonlinear function satisfies thecritical exponent growth. Within the theory of process on time-dependent spaces, we first investigate the exis-tence of the time-dependent attractor by using the operator decomposition technique and the compactness of thetranslation theorem, and then we obtain the regularity of the time-dependent global attractor.
A Predictive Model for Evaluating Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Yu Hai-Hong , Zeng Jun-Quan , Yuan Jin-Hua , Liang Jia , Liu Bin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The predictive accuracy to treatment effect of immune therapy is still poor. Thus, we aimed to develop a predictive model based on gene mutations to assess the immunotherapeutic efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer. Then, 335 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs were included in our study. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model, multivariable analysis, and Kaplan-Maire test were used in this study. In the end, we constructed a predictive model based on a 42-gene signature. Patients were classified into low-risk and high-risk groups based on risk scores generated from this model. Compared with patients in the high-risk group, patients in the low-risk group had better survival. The results were confirmed in an external validation cohort. Moreover, patients with high TMB and in the high-risk group could not benefit from ICIs. A predictive model of evaluating efficacy of immune therapy was developed and validated. The model is based on multiple genetic information and has clinical translational value.
Balloon angioplasty for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm
Authors: Demartini Zeferino , Maeda Adriano Keijiro , Frizon Leonardo Almeida , Requejo Flavio , Guimaraes Ricardo Munhoz da Rocha , Mattozo Carlos Alberto , Cardoso-Demartini Adriane 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective Cerebral vasospasm, or delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), is a subarachnoid hemorrhage complication that increases morbidity and mortality. DCI treatment with balloon percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in adults is well known, but data in preschool children are scarce because of its rarity. In addition, the smaller diameters and fragility of the vessels in childhood might lead to complications. This study presents two cases of DCI in children treated with balloon angioplasty. Therefore, it may contribute to a better understanding of the role of PTA as an effective treatment modality in this population.Methods Two children (3 and 5-year-old) with DCI were treated with balloon PTA after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Results Both patients survived without complications or new infarction.Conclusions Balloon angioplasty for proximal DCI may improve clinical outcomes in selected pediatric patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the best candidates, materials and techniques.
Exercise combined with postbiotics treatment results in synergistic improvement of mitochondrial function in the brain of male transgenic mice for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kolonics Attila , Bori Zoltán , Torma Ferenc , Abraham Dora , Fehér János , Radak Zsolt 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background It has been suggested that exercise training and postbiotic supplement could decelerate the progress of functional and biochemical deterioration in double transgenic mice overexpresses mutated forms of the genes for human amyloid precursor protein (APPsw) and presenilin 1 (m146L) (APP/PS1TG). Our earlier published data indicated that the mice performed better than controls on the Morris Maze Test parallel with decreased occurrence of amyloid-β plaques in the hippocampus. We investigated the neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of high-intensity training and postbiotic supplementation.
Methods Thirty-two adult APP/PS1 TG mice were randomly divided into four groups: 1. control, 2. high-intensity training 3. postbiotic, 4. combined (training and postbiotic) treatment for 20 weeks. In this study, the whole hemibrain without hippocampus was used to find molecular traits explaining improved brain function. We applied qualitative RT-PCR for gene expression, Western blot for protein level, and Zymography for LONP1 activity. Disaggregation analysis of Ab-40 was performed in the presence of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum lysate.
Results We found that exercise training decreased Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)-related gene expression (NF-kB) that was not affected by postbiotic treatment. The preparation used for postbiotic treatment is composed of tyndallized Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Both of the postbiotics effectively disaggregated amyloid-β/Aβ-40 aggregates by chelating Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions. The postbiotic treatment decreased endogenous human APPTG protein expression and mouse APP gene expression in the hemibrains. In addition, the postbiotic treatment elevated mitochondrial LONP1 activity as well.
Conclusion Our findings revealed distinct mechanisms behind improved memory performance in the whole brain: while exercise training modulates NF-kB signaling pathway regulating immune response until postbiotic diminishes APP gene expression, disaggregates pre-existing amyloid-β plaques and activates mitochondrial protein quality control in the region of brain out of hippocampus. Using the above treatments complements and efficiently slows down the development of AD.
Reinforcement effect of STF on impact properties of aramid, basalt, and carbon fiber reinforced polymer using SHPB
Authors: huang zhiping , Wei Minghai , Chen Junyu , Gu Wanjin , Zhu Fang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The objective of this research is to characterize the high strain rate impact performance of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) impregnated with shear thickening fluid (STF) by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test. Three types of FRP with aramid, basalt, and carbon fibers are prepared, followed by impregnated with 15 wt.% STF and 20 wt.% STF to develop FRP composited materials (FRP-STF), respectively. The results demonstrate that STF impregnated significantly enhances the high strain rate impact performance for the AFRP, BFRP, and CFRP. Nevertheless, the enhancing effect is different for different types of FRP. Under 3800 s-1, when the mass fraction of STF is 20%, the increase rate of BFRP stress peak is the highest, reaching 58.9%. However, the best increase of energy absorption peak is AFRP, reaching 226.8%. Under 6100 s-1, the stress response of AFRP-20%STF is the best, and the energy absorption peak of CFRP-20%STF reaches 710.5 J, about 2.3 times that of pure CFRP. This is also reflected in the energy absorption per unit density curve. The results also show three FRPs have significant strain rate effects, especially on the energy absorption peak. The maximum increase rates are 101.9%, 710.7%, and 1070.5%, respectively.
Identification of Potential Lead Compound as Promising SARS Covid-2 Inhibitors Using Structure Based Drug Design
Authors: KR Kavya , V Ajeesh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
SARS-CoV−2 has surpassed other coronaviruses in transmission rate, reproduction number, and global deaths, but its case fatality rate remains low. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV−2 interacts to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to promote fusion between the S protein and the human cell membrane, boosting the infectivity of the virus. The virtual screening of plant flavonoids offers fresh insight for the treatment of covid, while the majority of allopathic medicines have failed to totally recover. In this study, we sought to develop an alkaloid that can interact competitively with the catalytic regions of SARS COV 2 binding proteins, TMPRSS2 and inhibit the growth of the covid virus.
Clinical characteristics, anticoagulation therapy, and short-term outcomes of neonatal cerebral sinovenous thrombosis: a cross-sectional study from a Chilean center
Authors: Duk Nasser , Hernández Marta , Bravo Sebastián , Lopez-Espejo Mauricio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (SVT) is a rare but severe condition, with neonates having the highest incidence among pediatric patients. The underlying conditions contributing to SVT are heterogeneous, and although anticoagulation therapy (ACT) is safe and potentially beneficial, the evidence supporting its effectiveness on neurological outcomes is lacking. This study analyzed the association of clinical-demographic characteristics and ACT in the acute setting with vital-neurological outcomes at discharge in neonates with SVT.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study utilized secondary data from 30 neonates with SVT confirmed by MRI/MRV at a single center in Chile between 2005 and 2021. Penalized maximum likelihood logistic regression models were conducted to calculate adjusted odds ratios.
Results: The median gestational age, weight, and age of diagnostic were 38 weeks (IQR 37–39), 3141 grams (IQR 2579–3478), and 15 days (IQR 8.7–27.5), respectively. All patients had diffuse neurological signs. Acute seizures and focal deficits were detected in 12 (40%) and 1 (3.3%) cases. At discharge, 15 (50%) patients had a neurological deficit, and 7 (23.3%) died. The frequency of ACT use was higher between 2013 and 2021 than between 2005 and 2012 (8% vs. 2%, Fisher's exact test, p 0.05). Adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, ACT was negatively associated with adverse vital or neurological outcomes (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.03–1.00).
Conclusions: ACT increased its use over time. Our results suggest that ACT in neonates with SVT is associated with better neurological outcomes at discharge and lower in-hospital case fatality. Further follow-up is needed to establish long-term associations.
Prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults in Beijing, China: an investigation based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 diagnostic criteria
Authors: Wang Boshi , Wei Yanan , Zhang Xue , Li Menghan , Shao Lin , Li Wei , Zhao Shilong , Liu Peng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults in Beijing, China, using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 diagnostic criteria.Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 933 older adults aged 50 or older, with data collected through multistage cluster sampling. Sarcopenia was assessed using the AWGS 2019 criteria, which consider muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Data on demographic, anthropometric, and body composition variables were collected. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with sarcopenia.Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 8.8%. Age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Adjusted analyses revealed that for each standard deviation increase in fat-free mass index, skeletal muscle mass, and other body composition parameters, the risk of sarcopenia was reduced by more than 40%. No significant associations were found between sarcopenia and most variables related to physical function.Conclusions Sarcopenia is prevalent among older adults in Beijing, with age, sex, and BMI being significant factors. Muscle mass and muscle strength are important determinants of sarcopenia risk, highlighting the potential benefits of interventions targeting muscle mass and strength to reduce sarcopenia prevalence among older adults. Further research is needed to explore causal relationships using longitudinal or intervention study designs and diverse populations.
A deep learning-based ensemble method for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease using MRI images
Authors: Fathi Sina , Ahmadi Ali , Dehnad Afsaneh , Almasi-Dooghaee Mostafa , Sadegh Melika 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Recently, the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease has gained major attention due to the growing prevalence of the disease and the resulting costs to individuals and society. The main objective of this study was to propose an ensemble method based on deep learning for the early diagnosis of AD using MRI images.Method The methodology of this study was comprised of collecting the dataset, preprocessing, creating the individual and ensemble models, evaluating the models based on ADNI data, and validating the trained model based on the local dataset. The proposed method was an ensemble approach selected through a comparative analysis of various ensemble scenarios. Finally, the six best individual CNN-based classifiers were selected to combine and constitute the ensemble model.Results The evaluation showed an accuracy rate of 98.57, 96.37, 94.22, 99.83, 93.88, and 93.92, respectively, for NC/AD, NC/EMCI, EMCI/LMCI, LMCI/AD, four-way and three-way classification groups. The validation results on the local dataset revealed an accuracy of 88.46 for three-way classification.Discussion Our performance results were higher than most reviewed studies and comparable with others. Although comparative analysis showed superior results of ensemble methods against individual architectures, there were no significant differences among various ensemble approaches. The validation results revealed that individual models showed low performance in practice. In contrast, the ensemble method showed promising results. However, further studies on various and larger datasets are required to validate the generalizability of the model.