bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating basalt weathering for organic-inorganic ‘double carbon’ stabilization of the soil priming effect
Authors: Xu Junyan , Liu Junli , Fu Qinglin , Zhang Ming , Guo Bin , Li Hua , Qiu Gaoyang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsBasalt weathering has the potential to absorb soil CO2emission and stabilize the organic carbon by its weathering products, e.g. montmorillonite and kaolinite. However, the feasibility of basalt weathering on organic-inorganic ‘double carbon’ stabilization of soil priming effect (PE) remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a 28-d incubation experiment by adding13C-glucose with or without basalt, montmorillonite or kaolinite to a farmland soil planted with peach (Prunus persica(L.) Batsch) for more than 20 years. CO2emission and its13C value were continuously measured to calculate the PE and soil net carbon balance.ResultsAfter 28-d incubation, the basalt treatment resulted in an increase in soil pH from 5.32 to 7.17. Additionally, compared to the control, the basalt treatment showed a 143.7% and 168.6% increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC), respectively. Subsequently, the basalt treatment induced the highest cumulative PE among all treatments, with the activities of β-glucosidase (S-β-GC), soil leucine amino peptidase (S-LAP), and soil catalase (S-CAT) being the highest. Furthermore, the kaolinite treatment showed significantly lower emissions of CO2-C, glucose mineralization, and cumulative PE (P< 0.05). It is worth noting that all treatments significantly enhanced the net soil net carbon balance, with the most significant improvement observed in the kaolinite treatment.ConclusionsBasalt and its weathering products can promote the organic-inorganic ‘double carbon’ stabilization in the PE. Basalt, in particular, has the most significant effect on SIC stabilization, while kaolinite has the highest potential for improving the soil net carbon balance.
Effectiveness of aerosol therapy on prevention and treatment of postoperative pulmonary complications of gastric cancer: a cross-sectional study based on a patients’ registry
Authors: Bai Dan , Zhao Lin-Yong , Xiang Wen , Zhang Wei-Han , Chen Xin-Zu , Hu Jian-Kun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Postoperative aerosol therapy is a common clinical intervention after general anesthesia that is aimed at preventing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). However, few studies have evaluated its effectiveness. We evaluated the effectiveness of aerosol therapy on the prevention and treatment of PPCs in gastric cancer patients.
Methods
This cross-sectional study (consecutive case series) was based on the surgical gastric cancer patient registry at West China Hospital. The included cases were retrospectively evaluated.
Between January 2016 and December 2018, 1087 patients with pathologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma, and who had been subjected to radical surgery were enrolled in this study. These patients were assigned into two groups, the prophylactic aerosol group and the non-prophylactic aerosol group. Risk factors and intervention measures for PPCs were compared.
Among the 1087 patients, a total of 235 patients with PPCs and who had not received prophylactic aerosol therapy were enrolled in the therapeutic aerosol therapy subgroup. We determined whether therapeutic aerosol therapy could improve perioperative outcomes for gastric cancer patients with PPCs.
Results
There were no differences in PPCs incidences between gastric cancer patients administered with prophylactic aerosol (37.5%) and those without prophylactic aerosol administration (39.4%) (p = 0.510). Univariate analysis revealed that prophylactic aerosol therapy was not a protective against PPCs after gastric cancer surgery (p = 0.510). Multivariate analysis showed that there was no correlation between prophylactic aerosol therapy and PPCs (p = 0.894).
Conclusions
Postoperative aerosol therapy was not effective in the prevention or control of PPCs in gastric cancer patients.
Pneumonia among under-five children in Ethiopia: a retrospective analysis from an urban hospital
Authors: Yallew Walelegn Worku , Assefa Selamawit , Yemane Berhane 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in under-five children in low-income countries. However, the burden of pneumonia in hospital admission is not traced systematically. This study was conducted to determine the proportion of under-five pneumonia admissions among children admitted to a hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia between 2017-2021.
Methods: A retrospective record of pediatric admissions to the Yekatit 12 referral hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia was assessed for the period 2017- 2021. The date of admission and discharge, length of stay, and outcome at discharge were collected in accordance with the Ethiopian National Classification of Diseases (NCoD). Descriptive statistics were used to assess the proportion of under-five children with pneumonia. Survival analyses using Log rank test and cox regression analysis were done to assess time to recovery (recovering from illness). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the influence of selected factors on pneumonia associated hospital admission.
Results: Between 2017-2021, 2170 children age 1 to 59 months were admitted, 564 (25.99%; 95% confidence interval 24.18% to 27.87%) were diagnosed with pneumonia. Among the sixty children who died during their hospitalization, 15 had been diagnosed with pneumonia. The median time to recover from pneumonia and discharge was 6 days. The odds of pneumonia hospital admission were higher among younger children (4.36 times higher compared to elder children with 95% CI 2.77,6.87)and were increased between the months of September to November.
Conclusions: Pneumonia accounts for more than a quarter of hospital admissions in under-five children and for a quarter of deaths in this urban cohort. Hospital admission due to pneumonia was higher among older children (36-59 months of age) in the months following the heavy rain months (September to November) as compared to younger children. Our data strongly support increase of vaccination to prevent under 5 pneumonia.
Gene rearrangements in the mitochondrial genome of Gonatopsis Borealis and Onychoteuthis Compacta reveal their phylogenetic implications for Oegopsida
Authors: Fan Fan , Jiang Lihua , Pei Liyi , Ye Yingying , Liu Yifan , Liu Bilin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Among cephalopods, Oegopsida is the largest and most diverse squid lineage. In order to further understand the taxonomy and evolution of the Oegopsida species, improve the molecular database of Oegopsida, and clarify the phylogenetic relationship between them, we obtained the mitochondrial genome sequences of Gonatopsis Borealis and Onychoteuthis Compacta. Their genome sizes were 20148bp and 20491bp, respectively. They all contain 13 protein-coding genes, 23 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs. We downloaded the latest Oegopsida genome sequence available on NCBI, and analyzed their 13 PCGs evolution rate. Apart from ND4, the rest of the genes were affected by Positive selection. Using two Loliginidae species as outgroups, the PCGs of 35 species were rearranged. The results showed that the gene rearrangements of the two species we obtained were in line with the characteristics of Oegopsida, and there were also gene rearrangements in species between families. Phylogenetic analysis was performed and it was found that the topology of the resulting tree was consistent with the morphological identification classification. These results allow for a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of the Oegopsida and enrich the data for the Teuthida.
Characterization of selected multidrug-resistant bacteria from clinical and hospital environmental sources using Vitek 2 compact system
Authors: Alabi Emmanuel Dayo , Bindawa Binta Lawal , Mzungu Ignatius , Adesoji Ayodele Timilehin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Antibiotics resistant bacteria (ARB) are a global problem. Patients and hospital environments can be sources for dissemination of ARB that are Multi-drug Resistant (MDR).
Methods: We characterized MDR bacteria from clinical and hospital environments from selected hospitals within Katsina State, Nigeria. A total of 203 bacteria were isolated from 420 samples (clinical= 220 and hospital environment=200). Bacteria preliminary identification and antibiogram were determined by biochemical characterization and Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method, respectively. MDR bacteria were selected based on resistance to 3 classes of antibiotics. MDR bacteria were further identified and characterized with vitek-2- compact system. The micro-dilution automated system further identified Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacea spp dissolvens, Enterobacter cloacea and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as MDR isolates with the highest resistance phenotypes.
Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated bacteria from clinical samples; i.e. infected surgical incisions (23.58%) and infected trauma wounds (20.75%) and hospital environmental samples; i.e. door handles (32.98%) and desks (14.43%). Highest resistance (92.79%) each to ampicillin and gentamycin was observed among hospital environmental isolates. Clinical isolates showed highest (80.19%) resistance to cefoxitin. MDR bacteria showed 12 antibiotics resistance patterns and most common (20/50) resistance phenotypes among MDR clinical isolates was to amoxiclav, cefoxitin and ciprofloxacin while resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, colistin sulphate, kanamycin and nalidixic acid was commonly (10/50) observed among hospital environmental isolates.
Conclusions: High occurrence of MDR bacteria in the studied locations may be disseminated among patients, healthcare workers and the environment, and portend a great public health consequence. Hence, there is need for concerted AMR surveillance in these locations.
Complication of ruptured hepatic artery aneurysm in cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass: A case report
Authors: Lin Guoyun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ruptured hepatic artery aneurysms (HAA) can lead to acute circulatory decompensation, which is usually fatal. Hence, HAAs must be identified and addressed rapidly to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Here, we report a 45-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease, moderate mitral and aortic valve stenosis and regurgitation, and HAA. She underwent mitral and aortic valve replacements under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). At the end of the surgery, the patient’s blood pressure level plummeted, and abdominal distension was observed. An abdominal ultrasound suggested a ruptured HAA. After an emergency multidisciplinary consultation, selective hepatic arteriography through a right femoral artery approach and exploratory laparotomy were performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of ruptured HAA. After surgery, the patient was saved and stable. We reviewed the literature and found few reports of cases of heart valve surgery under CPB complicated by intraoperative HAA rupture. This case report shares our experience of anesthesia management in such cases.
MSDSC: A Multistage Deep Learning-based Skin Cancer Classifier
Authors: Hassan Afnan Mahmoud , Mahar Khaled , Fouad Mohamed Mostafa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
One of the most frequent types of cancer in the globe is skin cancer which is a complicated public health issue. A sample of tissue from the skin lesion confirms the diagnosis of skin cancer. However, before making a definitive diagnosis, professionals detect specific signs that can be considered as early diagnosis. An early skin cancer diagnosis is prone to mistakes due to specialists’ lack of knowledge and similarities with other illnesses. This study presents a multistage deep learning-based skin cancer classifier (MSDSC) to give early detection of melanoma and non-melanoma skin lesions. The first stage is the pre-processing of samples to remove the hair surrounding the skin lesion. Since the dataset is unbalanced, the second stage was creating synthetic images using the Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) model. This stage is followed by an attention-based U-Net model that gener- ates masks for regions of interest to eliminate the background. Lastly, two different types of EfficientNet are trained to classify skin lesions using segmented images. The proposed framework was tested using the International Skin Imaging Collaboration dataset (ISIC) and the results showed that it outperformed the state-of-the-art studies achieving an accuracy of 0.96, F1-score of 0.91, recall of 0.95, and precision of 0.88.
NUSAP1 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated to Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Yu-Sheng , Yin Ji-Zhong , Zhou Chao , Shi Xiao-Qian , Zhao Xue-Wei , Li Bing , Yang Meng-Hang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most frequent subtype of lung cancer, the leading cancer-related death worldwide. Nucleolar spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) is a microtubule-associated protein firstly been found in proliferating cells, and recently known to be involved in carcinogenesis. However, the role of NUSAP1 in LUAD has yet to be explored. In current study, we used GEO datasets to identified a group of hub genes in LUAD, used Kaplan-Meier analysis to explore their impact on prognosis. NUSAP1 was chosen based on clinical relevance and literature searching results. The expression level of NUSAP1 was explored using TIMER, TCGA-LUAD database, human protein atlas (HPA), and verified by immunohistochemistry. Genes co-expressed with NUSAP1 were identified and GO/KEGG were performed to identify its biological functions. The impact of NUSAP1 on immune infiltration was investigated in TIMER. The correlation between NUSAP1 expression and clinical relevance were identified using diagnostic receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, nomogram model, and cox regression analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm the over-expression of NUSAP1 in LUAD and its correlation with MDSC. In short, we found a group of 20 hub genes in LUAD, all of which were differentially expressed in LUAD and most of them predicted a poor prognosis. NUSAP1 was upregulated in LUAD and most of the malignancies and correlated to multiple clinical parameters like pathological stage, N stage, M stage. Co-expressed genes and GO/KEGG showed that NUSAP1 mainly participates in cell cycle. Immune infiltration study demonstrated that NUSAP1 correlated to multiple immune cells, particularly myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC). PrognoScan database verified the prognostic value of NUSAP1. Lastly, high expression of NUSAP1 and its correlation with MDSC was testified by immunohistochemistry. In summary, we found NUSAP1 were upregulated in LUAD and can serve as potential biomarker to indicate prognosis of LUAD.
LS-MolGen: Ligand-and-Structure Dual-driven Deep Reinforcement Learning for Target-specific Molecular Generation Improves Binding Affinity and Novelty
Authors: Li Song , Hu Chao , Ke Song , Yang Chenxing , Chen Jun , Xiong Yi , Liu Hao , Hong Liang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Molecule generative models based on deep learning have attracted significant attention in de novo drug design. However, most current generative approaches are either only ligand-based or only structure-based, which do not leverage the complementary knowledge from ligands and the structure of binding target. In this work, we proposed a new ligand and structure combined molecular generative model, LS-MolGen, that integrates representation learning, transfer learning, and reinforcement learning. Focus knowledge from transfer learning and special explore strategy in reinforcement learning enables LS-MolGen to generate novel and active molecules efficiently. The results of evaluation using EGFR and case study of inhibitor design for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro showed that LS-MolGen outperformed other state-of-the-art ligand-based or structure-based generative models and was capable of de novo designing promising compounds with novel scaffold and high binding affinity. Thus, we recommend that this proof-of-concept ligand-and-structure-based generative model will provide a promising new tool for target-specific molecular generation and drug design.
Comparative Study and Characterization of Water-treated Bacterial Cellulose produced by Solid or Liquid inoculum of Komagateibacter sucrofermentans
Authors: Drosos Athanasios , Kordopati Golfo G. , Anastasopoulos Charalampos , Zafeiropoulos John , Koutinas Athanasios A. , Kanellaki Maria 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Structural and physicochemical properties of the water-treated bacterial cellulose (BC) which was produced by Komagateibacter sucrofermentans strain DSM 15973T either from a solid inoculum of the bacterial preculture in HS medium (BCS7) or liquid one (BCL7) after 7 days were investigated in this work. BCL7 was generally proved to be superior to BCS7 regarding BC yield and water holding capacity (WHC). BCL1-7 and BCS7 were analyzed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), Nitrogen Adsorption-Desorption Isotherms, TG (thermogravimetric) and DTG (differential thermogravimetric) analysis, in order to investigate the structural modifications and physicomechanical properties of the water-treated BC pellicles. Both BC7 exhibited a high moisture content (98.8%) and the water release content for BCL7 of 1000 mL retained ~12 g of water after 100 h. BCL7 exhibited higher wet mass, specific surface area, pore volume and pore size distribution compared to BCS7. BCL showed an IV(a) isotherm and the crystallinity index of both BC7 were similar (about 55%). BC thermograms followed the same trend and BCS7 reveals a 35% residue up to 780oC. Overall, the resulted structural and physicomechanical differences between BCL and BCS pellicles appears that each could be used for different application.
Effect of Ar gas on the physical properties of Cadmium Sulfide diode prepared by PL deposition
Authors: Kadhim Suad M. , Dawood Yasmeen Z. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films were created using the pulse laser ablation technique and were applied to glass using varying pressure of argon gas (10, 20, and 30 torr). Characterized by X-ray diffraction and (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) were studyed, additionally with various Ar gas pressures onelectrical characteristics are studied. The polycrystalline hexagonal structure of CdS films is demonstrated by X-ray diffraction analysis. To calculate the grain size of partical of deposited films which found the grain size ranges from (34-80) nm. Surface morphology measured using AFM give a spherical like structure and the average roughness was in the range of (6.45-11.49 nm).
The electrical measurement shows that the electrical conductivity of preoared films was from (5.9×10–4 ) to (13.8 × 10–4) (Ω cm)-1. From Hall measurements the deposited films show n-type conductivity. In order to make the CdS/Si junction a viable option for creating an effective photodiode.
A survey of Image Compression Algorithms based on Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Lichuan , Wang Shuchun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Images can carry more information than words, but the data space of images format is much larger than the text format when they are containing the same information. Therefore, how to efficiently compress images to improve their storability and transmissibility is one of the key research issues in the field of computer vision. Through consulting the relevant literature, this paper analyzes the development process of the current image compression technology, and introduces traditional compression methods and deep learning compression methods, while focusing on the compression methods based on deep learning. Through comparative experiments, this paper analyzes the performance of various types of neural networks in image compression tasks, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various types of neural networks in compression tasks.
A Survey of Resources and Methods for Natural Language Processing of Serbian Language
Authors: Marovac Ulfeta , Avdić Aldina , Milošević Nikola 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Serbian language is a Slavic language spoken by over 12 million speakers and well understood by over 15 million people. In the area of natural language processing, it can be considered a low-resourced language. Also, Serbian is considered a high-inflectional language. The combination of many word inflections and low availability of language resources makes natural language processing of Serbian challenging. Nevertheless, over the past three decades, there have been a number of initiatives to develop resources and methods for natural language processing of Serbian, ranging from developing a corpus of free text from books and the internet, annotated corpora for classification and named entity recognition tasks to various methods and models performing these tasks. In this paper, we review the initiatives, resources, methods, and their availability.
The Data Analysis Remote Treatment Service (DARTS)
Authors: FARHI Emmanuel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present the Data Analysis Remote Treatment Service (DARTS), an open-source remote desktop service that launches on-demand virtual machines in the cloud, and displays them in a browser. The environments can be used for e.g. scientific data treatment. DARTS can be deployed and configured within minutes on a server, and can run any virtual machine. The service is fully configurable, supports GPU allocation, is scalable and resilient within a farm of servers. DARTS is designed around simplicity and efficiency. It targets laboratories and facilities that wish to quickly deploy remote data analysis solutions without investing in complex hypervisor infrastructures.
Understanding the systematic implications of Pollinium morphology of Aeridinae (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Fan Jie , Li Chong-Chong , Jin Xiao-hua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Molecular phylogenetic studies have suggested major clades in the subtribe Aeridinae of Orchidaceae. However, systematic morphological charaters is still lacking. We carried out this study on the pollinium morphologies of subtribe Aeridinae with emphases on the aperture types and the pollinium sculpture to find out their systematic signification in light of a molecular phylogeny. The results indicate that most species have cleft type and few with porate type or none. All samples in this study have a complete tectum exine and most with psilate surface impling an advanced position of Aeridinae in Orchidaceae. Exine sculpture characters are consistent in each clades except Cleisostoma clade and Phalaenopsis clade. It has a somewhat clear changing tendency in consist with the molecular phylogeny with few exceptions. Gastrocohilus and Trichoglottis clades are supported by its non - flabellate pollinium, psilate bulgy sculpture, and irregular shape of individual units of pollinium. However, no distinguishing pollinium characteristics is found between them. Conclusionarily, exine sculpture characters are not systematic but useful characters in determining major systematic groups in subtribe Aeridinae.