bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sentence Diversity in Spanish–English Bilingual Toddlers
Authors: De Anda Stephanie , Cycyk Lauren M. , Durán Lillian , Biancarosa Gina , McIntyre Laura Lee 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
There remain few available tools to assess language development in Spanish–English dual language learner (DLL) toddlers in the United States. Of interest is the development of early sentences as children move from producing single words to producing multiword utterances. This study is the first to extend sentence diversity to the context of Spanish–English DLLs by describing development from 24 to 30 months of age in children with and without language delays (LDs).

Method:
Spontaneous language samples were collected from Spanish-dominant DLL children and their mothers as they were observed during a free-play interaction. Existing sentence diversity protocols were adapted for the DLL context to describe children's flexibility in combining subjects and verbs to form utterances in Spanish and English.

Results:
Children maintained an accurate separation in their grammars for subject–verb combinations in Spanish versus English. There was an overwhelming preference for Spanish subject–verb combinations with null subjects. The emergence of sentence diversity distinguished children with and without early LD unlike the emergence of word combinations.

Conclusions:
Consistent with prior research, findings showed that DLLs did not confuse grammatical structures across languages. Instead, they showed a differential pattern of results in each language, such that the strongest grammatical skills were evinced first in the dominant language. Sentence diversity shows promise for assessment and progress monitoring in Spanish–English DLLs in the United States.
The Influence of Sex, Age, and Repeated Measurement on Pixel-Based Measures of Pharyngeal Area at Rest
Authors: Smaoui Sana , Mancopes Renata , Simmons Michelle M. , Peladeau-Pigeon Melanie , Steele Catriona M. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Videofluoroscopic (VFSS) measurements of pharyngeal swallow mechanics can differentiate age- and disease-related changes in swallowing. Pharyngeal area at rest (PhAR) may differ in people with dysphagia, although its impact is not clear. Before the role of PhAR in dysphagia can be explored, it is important to establish whether PhAR remains stable across repeated measures in healthy adults, and varies as a function of sex or age. We hypothesized that healthy adults would show stable PhAR across repeated measures, but that larger PhAR would be seen in men versus women and in older versus younger adults.

Method:

We collected VFSS data from 87 healthy adults (44 men,
M
age
= 46 years, range: 21–82). Trained raters identified the swallow rest frame after the initial swallow of each bolus and measured unobliterated pharyngeal area on these frames, in %(C2–4)
2
units. Repeated-measures analyses of variance with a factor of sex, a covariate of age, and a repeated factor of task repetition were performed across the first 12 available measures per participant (
N
= 1,044 swallows).

Results:

There were no significant variations in PhAR across repeated measures. A significant Sex × Age interaction was seen (
p
= .04): Males had significantly larger PhAR than females (
p
= .001), but females showed larger PhAR with advancing age (
R
= .47).

Conclusions:
These data confirm stability in PhAR across repeated measurements in healthy individuals. However, significant sex and age differences should be taken into consideration in future studies exploring the role of PhAR in people with dysphagia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22043543
Positive Predictive Values Associated With Adapting the Redmond Sentence Recall Measure Into a Kindergarten Screener for Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Christopulos Tyler T. , Redmond Sean M. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Researchers estimate the prevalence of developmental language disorder (DLD) in 5-year-olds to be between 7% and 12%. Current identification systems in public schools typically favor referral identification formats over targeted or universal screenings. Public schools face unique challenges when assessing the value of screening measures for DLD that include real-world considerations such as administration, time, and resource constraints. This study used the positive predictive value (PPV) of the Redmond Sentence Recall (RSR) to assess its fidelity when administered by special education paraprofessionals. Our obtained PPV was compared across three areas: (a) previous studies that have utilized the RSR, (b) rates extrapolated from the participating school district's preexisting referral system from a previous study, and (c) expectations based on DLD prevalence.

Method:
Language screenings were conducted in two elementary schools using the RSR administered by school-based paraprofessionals trained on the screener protocol. One hundred sixty-four kindergarten students (age range: 5–6 years) were screened. Confirmatory testing was completed on all students who failed the screener.

Results:
Of the 164 students screened, 19 failed the RSR (11.5%), and 14 met criteria (8.5%) for DLD (PPV = .74). Our PPV was similar to previously published studies that utilized the RSR using research assistants and was higher than the PPV associated with teacher-based referrals from the participating school district.

Conclusion:
The RSR represents a potentially useful screener for identifying children at risk for previously unidentified language disorders in public schools.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22044479
Photodissociation study of CO2 on the formation of state-correlated CO(X1Σ+, v) with O(3P2) photoproducts in the low energy band centered at 148 nm
Authors: Liu Qian , Li Zheng , Liu Peng , Yang Wenshao , Yang Xueming , Yu Shengrui 
Published: February 2023

The spin-forbidden O(3P2) + CO(X1Σ+, v) channel formed from the photodissociation of CO2 in the low energy band centered at 148 nm is investigated by using the time-sliced velocity-mapped ion imaging technique. The vibrational-resolved images of the O(3P2) photoproducts measured in the photolysis wavelength range of 144.62–150.45 nm are analyzed to give the total kinetic energy releases (TKER) spectra, CO(X1Σ+) vibrational state distributions, and anisotropy parameters (β). The TKER spectra reveal the formation of correlated CO(X1Σ+) with well resolved v = 0–10 (or 11) vibrational bands. Several high vibrational bands that were observed in the low TKER region for each studied photolysis wavelength exhibit a bimodal structure. The CO(X1Σ+, v) vibrational distributions all present inverted characteristics, and the most populated vibrational state changes from a low vibrational state to a relatively higher vibrational state with a change in the photolysis wavelength from 150.45 to 144.62 nm. However, the vibrational-state specific β-values for different photolysis wavelengths present a similar variation trend. The measured β-values show a significant bulge at the higher vibrational levels, in addition to the overall slow decreasing trend. The observed bimodal structures with mutational β-values for the high vibrational excited state CO(1Σ+) photoproducts suggest the existence of more than one nonadiabatic pathway with different anisotropies in the formation of O(3P2) + CO(X1Σ+, v) photoproducts across the low energy band.
Photoelectron spectroscopy and dissociative photoionization of fulminic acid, HCNO
Authors: Gerlach Marius , Mant Barry , Preitschopf Tobias , Karaev Emil , Mayer Dennis , Quitián-Lara Heidy M. , Hemberger Patrick , Bozek John , Worth Graham , Fischer Ingo 
Published: February 2023

We report a joint experimental and computational study of the photoelectron spectroscopy and the dissociative photoionization of fulminic acid, HCNO. The molecule is of interest to astrochemistry and astrobiology as a potential precursor of prebiotic molecules. Synchrotron radiation was used as the photon source. Dispersive photoelectron spectra were recorded from 10 to 22 eV, covering four band systems in the HCNO cation, and an ionization energy of 10.83 eV was determined. Transitions into the Renner–Teller distorted X+2Π state of the cation were simulated using wavepacket dynamics based on a vibronic coupling Hamiltonian. Very good agreement between experiment and theory is obtained. While the first excited state of the cation shows only a broad and unstructured spectrum, the next two higher states exhibit a well-resolved vibrational progression. Transitions into the excited electronic states of HCNO+ were not simulated due to the large number of electronic states that contribute to these transitions. Nevertheless, a qualitative assignment is given, based on the character of the orbitals involved in the transitions. The dissociative photoionization was investigated by photoelectron–photoion coincidence spectroscopy. The breakdown diagram shows evidence for isomerization from HCNO+ to HNCO+ on the cationic potential energy surface. Zero Kelvin appearance energies for the daughter ions HCO+ and NCO+ have been derived.
Observations on the effects of non-maternal adult contact on the behavioural patterns of pre-weaned dairy heifers
Authors: Field Laura , Hemsworth Lauren M. , Jongman Ellen , Hunt Ian , Verdon Megan 
Published: February 2023

Context Dairy calves are often separated from their dams following birth, despite the beneficial effects of early life adult contact on behavioural development across species. Cow–calf contact systems are rare and often difficult to implement in the modern dairy industry. The development of alternative systems offering some of the benefits of adult social contact during early life, such as contact with non-maternal adults, has been limited. Aims This study explored the behavioural patterns of grouped pre-weaned calves reared with or without non-maternal adult contact, and is the first in a series of studies following the social and behavioural development of experimental calves from the age of 2 weeks to 2 years. Methods Four groups of 10 calves housed at pasture were studied from 2 to 12 weeks of age. Two groups were housed with three non-maternal dry cows each (+S). Calf behaviour in these groups was compared with that of calves in the remaining two groups, housed without adult contact (−S). Observations were conducted on behaviours including grazing, locomotion and lying, using 5-min scan sampling between morning (0930 hours) and afternoon (1600 hours) milk-feeding on 1 day every second week of the experiment (AN22271_IE1.gif = 5.9 h of data ± 0.4 h/group.day). Key results Few behavioural differences were found between groups. All groups performed mostly lying behaviour in the middle of the day and spent the most time grazing in the afternoon before the evening milk feed. Conclusions Our results indicated that calves housed at pasture behave according to innate diurnal patterns previously observed in studies of calves housed with the dam, and choose to spend the majority of daylight hours lying or grazing. Being housed with non-maternal adults has few effects on these observed behavioural patterns. Implications Our study suggests that non-maternal adult contact does not affect the immediate behavioural development of calves housed at pasture. Future research needs to explore longitudinal effects of this contact.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Australian community health service staff’s occupational and personal lives: a longitudinal study
Authors: Holton Sara , Wynter Karen , Peeters Anna , Georgalas Alexandra , Yeomanson Ann , Rasmussen Bodil 
Published: February 2023

Background Little is known about the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on community health service staff. The aim of this study was to assess the immediate and longer-term psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 on community health service staff in Australia. Methods A prospective cohort design with an anonymous cross-sectional online survey that was administered at two time points (March–April 2021; n = 681 and September–October 2021; n = 479). Staff (clinical and non-clinical) were recruited from eight community health services in Victoria, Australia. Study-specific questions evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on respondents’ work and personal lives. Space was provided at the end of the surveys for free-text comments. Results There were no significant differences in respondent characteristics between the two surveys. At both survey time points, respondents were mostly concerned about their family’s health. Compared to the first survey, survey two respondents were significantly more likely to report concerns about infecting family members (48.8% vs 41.6%, P = 0.029), clients having COVID-19 (43.2% vs 36.2%, P = 0.035), getting COVID-19 at work (53.7% vs 45.6%, P = 0.014), not being prepared to care for clients with COVID-19 (27.5% vs 18.8%, P = 0.006) and feeling more stress at work (63.7% vs 50.8%, P < 0.001). A significantly greater proportion of respondents indicated they were considering transitioning into another sector at the time of the second survey compared to the first (24.8% vs 18.7%, P = 0.026). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on the work and personal lives of community health service staff. Staff would benefit from continued and targeted initiatives that address their wellbeing and concerns.
Effects of the addition of insulin–transferrin–selenium (ITS) and/or metformin to the
Authors: Luchetti Carolina Griselda , Lorenzo María Soledad , Elia Evelin Mariel , Teplitz Gabriela Maia , Cruzans Paula Romina , Carou María Clara , Lombardo Daniel Marcelo 
Published: February 2023

Context One of the main problems of porcine in vitro maturation (IVM) is incomplete cytoplasmatic maturation. Nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation will determine the future success of fertilisation and embryo development. Insulin–transferrin–selenium (ITS) has insulin-like and antioxidant effects, and metformin (M) is an insulin-sensitiser and antioxidant drug. Aims To assess the effects of adding ITS and/or M in porcine IVM media on cytoplasmic maturation and early embryo development. Methods Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were IVM with M (10−4M), ITS (0.1% v/v), M + ITS or no adding (Control). Key results ITS increased glucose consumption compared to Control and M (P < 0.01), and M + ITS did not differ from ITS or Control. Redox balance: M, ITS and M + ITS increased glutathione (P < 0.01) and decreased lipid peroxidation (P < 0.005). The viability of cumulus cells by flow cytometry increased with M (P < 0.005) and decreased with ITS (P < 0.001); M + ITS did not differ from Control. After IVF, M increased penetration and decreased male pronucleus (P < 0.05). Embryo development: cleavage increased with M (P < 0.05), and blastocysts increased with ITS and M + ITS (P < 0.05). The number of blastocyst cells increased with ITS (P < 0.05). Conclusions Adding ITS and M + ITS to porcine IVM media benefits embryo development to blastocysts, but ITS alone has better effects than M + ITS. Implications ITS is an excellent tool to improve IVM and embryo development after IVF in pigs.
Time of day determines postexercise metabolism in mouse adipose tissue
Authors: Pendergrast Logan A. , Lundell Leonidas S. , Ehrlich Amy M. , Ashcroft Stephen P. , Schönke Milena , Basse Astrid L. , Krook Anna , Treebak Jonas T. , Dollet Lucile , Zierath Juleen R. 
Published: February 2023

The circadian clock is a cell-autonomous transcription–translation feedback mechanism that anticipates and adapts physiology and behavior to different phases of the day. A variety of factors including hormones, temperature, food-intake, and exercise can act on tissue-specific peripheral clocks to alter the expression of genes that influence metabolism, all in a time-of-day dependent manner. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of exercise timing on adipose tissue metabolism. We performed RNA sequencing on inguinal adipose tissue of mice immediately following maximal exercise or sham treatment at the early rest or early active phase. Only during the early active phase did exercise elicit an immediate increase in serum nonesterified fatty acids. Furthermore, early active phase exercise increased expression of markers of thermogenesis and mitochondrial proliferation in inguinal adipose tissue. In vitro, synchronized 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed a timing-dependent difference in
Adrb2
expression, as well as a greater lipolytic activity. Thus, the response of adipose tissue to exercise is time-of-day sensitive and may be partly driven by the circadian clock. To determine the influence of feeding state on the time-of-day response to exercise, we replicated the experiment in 10-h-fasted early rest phase mice to mimic the early active phase metabolic status. A 10-h fast led to a similar lipolytic response as observed after active phase exercise but did not replicate the transcriptomic response, suggesting that the observed changes in gene expression are not driven by feeding status. In conclusion, acute exercise elicits timing-specific effects on adipose tissue to maintain metabolic homeostasis.
A new multichannel deep adaptive adversarial network for cross-domain fault diagnosis
Authors: Han Baokun , Xing Shuo , Wang Jinrui , Zhang Zongzhen , Bao Huaiqian , Zhang Xiao , Jiang Xingwang , Liu Zongling , Yang Zujie , Ma Hao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Currently, most fault diagnosis methods can achieve desired results from a single signal source. However, a single sensor signal has limited features and adaptability to the working environment, which will greatly affect the diagnosis results. To overcome this weakness, a multichannel deep adaptive adversarial network (MCDAAN) based on fusing acoustic and vibration signals is proposed in this paper. The training process of MCDAAN primarily includes the following aspects. First, the acoustic and vibration signals extracted by the neural network feature extraction are fused after being adjusted by the convolutional block attention module in channel and spatial dimensions. Next, the fusion features of the source and target domains are measured by the Wasserstein distance. Finally, the fused features are classified by the label and domain classifiers. The proposed MCDAAN is tested using acoustic and vibration signals collected at ten transfer tasks. The results demonstrate that the diagnostic accuracy of the proposed MCDAAN can reach more than 99% in both groups of experiments. MCDAAN can accurately classify all kinds of fault samples, and the classification accuracy is superior to other comparison methods.
Research on the stability characteristics of a drum-type screen drive device for nuclear power plants
Authors: Sun Guangbin , Che Yinhui , Liu Yanzhuang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper uses the finite element calculation software ABAQUS to research the stability characteristics of the drum-type screen drive under normal operating conditions. Through the simulation calculation of the dynamics of the reducer system, earthquake load and motor gravity, the results show that the drum-type screen drive secondary reduction worm gear drive components are subjected to the maximum stress, and the maximum stress occurs at the intersection of the worm and gear; the maximum deformation under the earthquake load occurs at the two low-speed motor sides, and the maximum displacement is 0.929mm.
Performance investigation of supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle with recuperative recompression technology
Authors: Huang Renlong , Chen Chaoda , Wang Yage , Zhong Tianming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle is an advanced thermoelectric conversion technology due to its high-power generation efficiency and compact structure. However, basic supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle performance is limited to turbine outlet temperature. To further improve thermoelectric conversion efficiency, recuperative recompression in the supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle is investigated for efficient energy utilization. Recuperative technology can reduce the amount of heat released to the environment, and recompression can reduce Compression power consumption. A thermodynamic model of recuperative recompression in a supercritical carbon power cycle system is built in this paper, and the system’s performance is investigated. The result reveals that the recuperative recompression in the supercritical carbon power cycle system has greater performance promotion potential than the basic supercritical carbon power cycle system.
Analysis of Influencing Factors on Electric Field Distribution of 500 kV Porcelain Insulators
Authors: Dong Kai , Shen Qingbin , Dong Yanwu , Lu Ziqiang , Li Jie , Wang Guanjian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With the upsurge of the digital twin power grid, it is very necessary to carry out a three-dimensional model and simulation analysis of the power grid system. Insulators are one of the important components in the power system, and the appropriate simplification of the simulation model is of great significance. In this paper, the finite element software is used to calculate the three-dimensional model, and the influence of the length of the conductor, the tower, the yoke plate, the grading ring, and the arrangement of the insulators on the axial electric field distribution (EFD) is analyzed. The results show that: the length of the conductor will affect the uniformity of the axial electric field; compared with the grading ring, the yoke plate will cause serious distortion of the electric field intensity curve; the integrity of the tower has different effects; the arrangement of the insulators will affect the magnitude of the electric field and even the shape of the curve. Therefore, in the simulation analysis of the axial electric field, the above factors should be considered when simplifying the insulator model, which will promote the development of relevant digital twin technology.
Research on the application of air source heat pump and biomass boiler combined heating systems in northern new rural communities.
Authors: Sun Wanxue , Wei Na , Cai Shengchuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In today’s society, the country is vigorously promoting clean energy heating to replace coal heating with high carbon emissions. In recent years, with the rapid development of new rural communities and abundant biomass resources in rural areas, biomass boiler heating can save energy and reduce energy consumption. However, the heating efficiency of a single biomass boiler is low. The air source heat pump and biomass boiler are combined to form a combined heating system, which has higher heating efficiency and better energy-saving effect compared with separate air source heat pump heating equipment and separate biomass boiler system. In addition, air source heat pumps and biomass boilers are both clean heating methods, which can better promote the clean heating of new rural communities in China.
Experimental Study on Combustion Optimization of Supercritical 600MW Quadrangle Tangential Boiler
Authors: Wang Ke , Song Youli 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Given the problems existing in the operation of supercritical 600MW boiler, such as spiral pipe water cooling wall outlet, superheater and reheater wall surface overtemperature easily, the superheater and reheater cooling water amount are too large under high load, and the low load cooling water amount is too small to meet the need of cold reheater heating, the boiler combustion optimization and adjustment are carried out. Through the boiler pulverized coal fineness, air distribution characteristics, swinging Angle of burner and furnace outlet is optimized, such as oxygen level superheater heating surface overtemperature problems are solved, such as the reheater desuperheating water flow under different load can meet the needs of heat supply, at the same time, it also improves the boiler efficiency, effectively improve the safety and economy of the unit.