bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide DNA methylation analysis of aggressive behaviour: a longitudinal population‐based study
Authors: Pishva Ehsan , van den Hove Daniel L. A. , Laroche Valentin , Lvovs Aneth , Roy Arunima , Ortega Gabriela , Burrage Joe , Veidebaum Toomas , Kanarik Margus , Mill Jonathan , Lesch Klaus‐Peter , Harro Jaanus 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundHuman aggression is influenced by an interplay between genetic predisposition and experience across the life span. This interaction is thought to occur through epigenetic mechanisms, inducing differential gene expression, thereby moderating neuronal cell and circuit function, and thus shaping aggressive behaviour.MethodsGenome‐wide DNA methylation (DNAm) levels were measured in peripheral blood obtained from 95 individuals participating in the Estonian Children Personality Behaviours and Health Study (ECPBHS) at 15 and 25 years of age. We examined the association between aggressive behaviour, as measured by Life History of Aggression (LHA) total score and DNAm levels both assessed at age 25. We further examined the pleiotropic effect of genetic variants regulating LHA‐associated differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and multiple traits related to aggressive behaviours. Lastly, we tested whether the DNA methylomic loci identified in association with LHA at age 25 were also present at age 15.ResultsWe found one differentially methylated position (DMP) (cg17815886; p = 1.12 × 10−8) and five differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with LHA after multiple testing adjustments. The DMP annotated to the PDLIM5 gene, and DMRs resided in the vicinity of four protein‐encoding genes (TRIM10, GTF2H4, SLC45A4, B3GALT4) and a long intergenic non‐coding RNA (LINC02068). We observed evidence for the colocalization of genetic variants associated with top DMPs and general cognitive function, educational attainment and cholesterol levels. Notably, a subset of the DMPs associated with LHA at age 25 also displayed altered DNAm patterns at age 15 with high accuracy in predicting aggression.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the potential role of DNAm in the development of aggressive behaviours. We observed pleiotropic genetic variants associated with identified DMPs, and various traits previously established to be relevant in shaping aggression in humans. The concordance of DNAm signatures in adolescents and young adults may have predictive value for inappropriate and maladaptive aggression later in life.
Mortality risk following self‐harm in young people: a population cohort study using the Northern Ireland Registry of Self‐Harm
Authors: Ross Emma , O'Reilly Dermot , O'Hagan Denise , Maguire Aideen 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSelf‐harm is a recognised predictor of suicide and is most common in those aged under 25 years. The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of young people who present with self‐harm; quantify the risk of suicide and other causes of death during follow up, and to identify factors associated with mortality risk.MethodsThe Northern Ireland Registry of Self‐Harm (NIRSH) is a national registry capturing complete data on all presentations made to the 12 Emergency Departments (EDs) in Northern Ireland (NI). Data relating to self‐harm presentations registered in the NIRSH between 2012 and 2015 were linked to primary care registrations and death records up until 31st December 2018. Logistic regression was employed to examine the factors associated with self‐harm. Cox regression was used to estimate mortality risk following self‐harm and explore the associated risk factors.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 390,740 individuals aged 10–24 years registered with a General Practitioner (GP) in NI. During follow‐up, 4,450 individuals presented with self‐harm. Rates of self‐harm were highest in females, those aged 20–24 years (ORadj = 3.53, 95% CI 3.28–3.80, p < .001), and in the most deprived areas (ORadj = 2.71, 95% CI 2.45–2.99, p < .001). Thirty five individuals who presented with self‐harm died by suicide, accounting for 23% of all suicide deaths in the cohort. Suicide risk was increased 19‐fold in those who presented with self‐harm after adjustment for age, sex and area‐level factors (HRadj = 19.00, 95% CI 12.80–28.21, p < .001). Increased suicide risk was observed in males (HRadj = 2.04, 95% CI 0.99–4.23, p = .05) and those using more violent methods of self‐injury (HRadj = 3.89, 95% CI 1.65–9.13, p < .001).ConclusionsYoung people who self‐harm are at a significantly greater risk of suicide. Almost a quarter of young people who died by suicide in NI had presented to EDs with self‐harm, highlighting that the ED may provide a nodal point of intervention among a typically hard to identify and reach population.
A primer on predictive techniques for food and bioresources transformation processes
Authors: Sicard Jason , Barbe Sophie , Boutrou Rachel , Bouvier Laurent , Delaplace Guillaume , Lashermes Gwenaëlle , Théron Laëtitia , Vitrac Olivier , Tonda Alberto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo meet current societal demand for more sustainable transformation processes and bioresources, these processes must be optimized and new ones developed. The evolution of various systems (raw material, food, or process attributes) can be predicted to optimize the uses of biomass for better quality, safety, economic benefit, and sustainability. Predictive modeling can guide the necessary changes and influence industrials, governmental policies and consumers decision‐making. However, achieving good predictive capability requires reflection on the models and model validation, which can be difficult. This review aims to help scientists begin to predict by presenting the techniques currently used in predictive science for food and related bioproducts. First, a guideline helps readers initiate a prediction process along with final tips and a warning about the risks involved, with a particular focus on the crucial validation step. Three broad categories of techniques are then presented: empirical, mechanistic, and artificial intelligence (or “data‐driven”). For each category, the advantages and limitations of current techniques for prediction are explained in light of their current domains of applications, illustrated with literature studies and a detailed example. Thus this article provides engineering researchers information about predictive modeling which is a recent relevant development in optimization of both food and nonfood bioresources processes.Practical applicationsPredictive modeling is a recent development of much relevance in the optimization of both food and nonfood bioresources processes. The goal of this article is to guide those in research or industry who would like to start predicting. Therefore, the article is intended as a primer on prediction concepts and predictive techniques for food and non‐food bioresources processing. Three categories of techniques commonly used in these fields are illustrated by various examples of current applications and a more detailed example helps to understand the implementation process. An increased ability of the global scientific body to predict the outcome of various decisions, often linked or sequential, will open new avenues for designing food products with circularity in mind: maintaining value and not creating waste in the process.
Incidence and prevalence of neuroendocrine neoplasms in Norway 1993–2021
Authors: Thiis‐Evensen Espen , Boyar Cetinkaya Raziye 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe incidence of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) has increased over the last decades. The prevalence of NENs has to a lesser extent been previously reported. We wanted to study the trends in incidence and prevalence of NEN in Norway from 1993 to 2021 through the Cancer Registry of Norway. This registry, which covers the whole population, has been found to be 99% complete. The neoplasms were classified as neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). From 1993 to 2021 altogether 10.288 NETs and 13,982 (1.756 outside the lungs) NECs were diagnosed. The incidence of NETs increased from 3.72 to 9.97 per 100,000 per year, corresponding to a 268% increase, p < .001. The largest increase in incidence for NETs was found for pancreas (338%), lung (330%) and small intestine (303%). For NECs there was no change in the incidence, from 9.74 to 9.95 per 100,000 per year, p = .4, but there was an increase in the incidence of NECs originating from the skin (Merkel cell carcinoma) (287%), p < .001, and the GI tract (200%), p = .03. There were no changes in stage distribution at diagnosis for NETs and NECs. The prevalence for NENs increased 666% during the study period, NETs increased from 10.77 to 99.37 per 100.000 (927%), p < .001. For NECs the increase was from 7.4 to 21.56 per 100.000 (291%), p < .001. GI‐NECs increased the most from 0.005 to 0.94 (1880%), p = .002. In conclusion, there was a substantial increase in incidence and prevalence of neuroendocrine neoplasms in Norway from 1993 to 2021. This is the first study to report complete prevalence of NENs for a whole nation.
Effects of self‐management interventions for cancer patients with pain: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Junfeng , Chan Dorothy N. S. , Liu Xingling , Cai Yingying , Chen Jiawen , Xie Minjuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effects of self‐management interventions targeting individuals with cancer‐related pain on pain intensity, self‐efficacy, quality of life (QoL), pain medication adherence, and pain‐related knowledge and provide recommendations for the content and format of self‐management interventions based on the existing evidence.DesignA systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and narrative synthesis.Data SourcesA search of six electronic databases, including Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science and Scopus.Review MethodsThis systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies published from January 2011 to March 2022 in English were retrieved. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess quality. Data were summarised using narrative synthesis.ResultsThis systematic review included six RCTs involving 748 patients with cancer‐related pain. The results support the effectiveness of the intervention on QoL and pain‐related knowledge. Mixed results were observed in the effectiveness on pain intensity, self‐efficacy and medication adherence. Overall, the quality of the evidence was low. The content of self‐management interventions varied across studies but with similar formats (face‐to‐face coaching and telephone follow‐up).ConclusionThe existing evidence supports the effectiveness of self‐management interventions on pain‐related knowledge and QoL. Further high‐quality RCTs are needed to determine the most effective interventions.Relevance to Clinical PracticeSelf‐management is recommended to improve cancer patients' pain awareness, self‐management behaviour and adaptability. Components for self‐management of cancer pain, including patient attitude and knowledge assessment, nurse coaching and counselling, reinforcement during follow‐up period, and provision of supplementary materials on pain management and medication adherence, could be covered in the intervention. In the future, it is worthwhile exploring an effective intervention using Internet‐based information technology, for example WeChat, to aid the delivery of self‐management intervention.No Patient or Public ContributionThis systematic review does not necessarily involve patients or public members in this work.
Enhancing staff capacity to support children with intellectual disability receiving residential services: A realist evaluation of an improvement program
Authors: Wallin Pontus , Petersson Christina , Josefsson Kristina Areskoug , Nordin Annika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChildren with intellectual disability receiving residential support, according to the Swedish Disability Act, need substantial support to cope with everyday life. These children have cognitive and communicative limitations, entailing difficulties for staff in consulting the children regarding their support arrangements. In addition, due to lack of research there are knowledge gaps and uncertainties concerning how staff can provide the children's support. To deliver high qualitative support, research suggests that disability organisations should (1) continuously work with quality improvement, (2) adopt a multi‐dimensional framework that explains human functioning and disability as a basis for understanding individual support needs, and (3) use person‐centred approaches. Based on these principles, this study has applied a realist evaluation to identify enablers and barriers during the implementation of an improvement programme aimed at improving staff's ability to provide support to children living in special residences.
In the eye of the beholder: A configurational exploration of perceived deceptive supplier behavior in negotiations
Authors: Woelfl Katja , Kaufmann Lutz , Carter Craig R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeceptive behavior in negotiations has been found to be widespread and to have harmful consequences. This study shifts the current research direction on deceptive negotiation behavior by adopting a target's perspective on deception and by using a configurational theorizing approach. Prior studies in supply chain management (SCM) and in other disciplines have studied deceptive negotiation behavior—as one specific form of opportunism—based on correlational approaches. In doing so, they have focused almost exclusively on the actor's (i.e., deceiver's) perspective—for example, investigating actors' motivations for using deception. As a result, a profound understanding of deceptive negotiation behavior from a target's perspective is lacking. In three studies, this research investigates what factors, on both the firm and individual levels, combine to lead purchasing managers (i.e., targets) to perceive supplier deception. The configurational analysis uncovers considerably more combinations of firm‐level and individual‐level factors that lead to perceptions of high supplier deception than combinations that lead to perceptions of low supplier deception. Thus, the contribution is twofold: First, the studies shift the perspective from the deception source to the deception target. Second, they uncover the causally complex nature of perceived deception in negotiations. Managerial implications include that purchasing managers, in their efforts to detect supplier deception, should move beyond paying attention to isolated factors, such as body language, and instead should focus on different combinations of power balances, negotiation stakes, and negotiator proficiencies.
Predicting diversity in benthic macro‐scale communities associated with mussel matrices in three Pacific ecoregions
Authors: Wilbur Lynn , Küpper Frithjof C. , Katsiaras Nikolaos , Louca Vasilis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMarine mussels are ubiquitous and their tough byssal threads allow for the formation of expansive, age‐aggregated mats known as mussel matrices which can host marine invertebrates and algal macro‐benthic communities playing an important role in food‐web dynamics. Yet, despite the significant implications for biodiversity and intertidal ecosystem functioning, the role of mussel size, individual morphology and community arrangement in determining the structure of the associated community has never been investigated. Species representative of the green, brown and red marine algal phyla as well as polychaetes, crustaceans and gastropods were sampled from mussel matrices in the Guayaquil (GUAY), Humboldtian (HWS, HNS) and North American Pacific Fjordland (NAPF) marine ecoregions. Linear mixed effects modelling (LMM) and linear effects modelling (LEM) were used to determine the effect of mussel matrices as a predictor of species diversity by incorporating variability due to ecoregion and sampling site. Shell length and stratum index demonstrated significant effect on species richness (Sobs) and Menhinick's richness (D), while stratum index demonstrated an effect on species diversity (H). In the linear mixed model analysis, shell length explained most of the variation in Menhinick's richness (D) and observed species richness (Sobs), while stratum index explained most of the variation in (D) in the linear effects model. Our findings reveal that the level of complexity in mussel assemblages plays a major role in determining species diversity.
Markov decision processes under model uncertainty
Authors: Neufeld Ariel , Sester Julian , Šikić Mario 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe introduce a general framework for Markov decision problems under model uncertainty in a discrete‐time infinite horizon setting. By providing a dynamic programming principle, we obtain a local‐to‐global paradigm, namely solving a local, that is, a one time‐step robust optimization problem leads to an optimizer of the global (i.e., infinite time‐steps) robust stochastic optimal control problem, as well as to a corresponding worst‐case measure. Moreover, we apply this framework to portfolio optimization involving data of the . We present two different types of ambiguity sets; one is fully data‐driven given by a Wasserstein‐ball around the empirical measure, the second one is described by a parametric set of multivariate normal distributions, where the corresponding uncertainty sets of the parameters are estimated from the data. It turns out that in scenarios where the market is volatile or bearish, the optimal portfolio strategies from the corresponding robust optimization problem outperforms the ones without model uncertainty, showcasing the importance of taking model uncertainty into account.
Factors associated with diet diversity among infants and young children in the Eastern and Southern Africa region
Authors: Kang Yunhee , Heidkamp Rebecca A. , Mako‐Mushaninga Kudakwashe , Garg Aashima , Matji Joan N. , Nyawo Mara , Craig Hope C. , Thorne‐Lyman Andrew L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study explores common factors associated with not meeting minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among 27,072 children aged 6–23 months in Eastern and Southern Africa using data from nine Demographic and Health Surveys from 2013 to 2016. MDD was defined as consumption of more than or equals to five of eight food groups including breast milk in the past 24 h. Equity gaps were calculated as the difference in MDD prevalence between the top and bottom wealth quintiles. Logistic regression was conducted to identify common factors for not meeting MDD at the household, maternal and child levels across two or more countries to inform regional policies to improve children's diets. Kenya had the highest MDD wealth equity gap (40.4 pts), and South Africa had the smallest (14.4 pts). Equity gaps for flesh foods or eggs (up to 39.8 pp) were larger than for grain or legumes (up to 20 pp). Common risk factors for not reaching MDD included younger child age (6–11 months) (n = 9 countries), no formal maternal occupation (n = 6), not receiving vitamin‐A supplementation (n = 3), younger maternal age (n = 3), lower maternal education (n = 3), no media (n = 3) or newspaper (n = 3) exposure, lower household wealth quintile (n = 3), use of nonefficient cooking fuel (n = 2), longer time to get to the water source (n = 2), not listening to the radio (n = 2) and higher birth order (n = 2). Priorities for improving MDD in the region include introducing diverse foods at a young age from 6 months with early nutrition counselling, promoting higher maternal education, increasing food purchasing power and ensuring the support of younger mothers.
Two cyanobacterial response regulators with diguanylate cyclase activity, Rre2 and Rre8, participate in biofilm formation
Authors: Kobayashi Ayumu , Nakamura Masamune , Tsujii Masaru , Makino Kohei , Nagayama Tatsuya , Nakamura Kensuke , Nanatani Kei , Kota Kera , Furuuchi Yuki , Kayamori Shunsuke , Furuta Tadaomi , Suzuki Iwane , Hayakawa Yoshihiro , Tanudjaja Ellen , Ishimaru Yasuhiro , Uozumi Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhototrophic bacteria face diurnal variations of environmental conditions such as light and osmolarity that affect their carbon metabolism and ability to generate organic compounds. The model cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 forms a biofilm when it encounters extreme conditions like high salt stress, but the molecular mechanisms involved in perception of environmental changes that lead to biofilm formation are unknown. Here, we studied two two‐component regulatory systems (TCSs) that contain diguanylate cyclases (DGCs), which produce the second messenger c‐di‐GMP, as potential components of the biofilm‐inducing signaling pathway in Synechocystis. Analysis of single mutants provided evidence for involvement of the response regulators, Rre2 and Rre8 in biofilm formation. A bacterial two‐hybrid assay showed that Rre2 and Rre8 each formed a TCS with a specific histidine kinase, Hik12 and Hik14, respectively. The in vitro assay showed that Rre2 had DGC activity regardless of its de/phosphorylation status, whereas Rre8 required phosphorylation for DGC activity. Hik14‐Rre8 likely functioned as an inducible sensing system in response to environmental change. Biofilm assays with Synechocystis mutants suggested that pairs of hik12‐rre2 and hik14‐rre8 responded to high salinity‐induced biofilm formation. Inactivation of hik12‐rre2 and hik14‐rre8 did not affect the performance of the light reactions of photosynthesis. These data suggest that Hik12‐Rre2 and Hik14‐Rre8 participate in biofilm formation in Synechocystis by regulating c‐di‐GMP production via the DGC activity of Rre2 and Rre8.
Translanguaging as a space of simultaneity: Theorizing translanguaging pedagogies in English medium schools from a spatial perspective
Authors: Phyak Prem 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article theorizes translanguaging as a space of simultaneity to analyze how teachers use translanguaging to create a multilingual classroom space and engage students with their multilingual identities and epistemologies in the classroom. The data in this article are drawn from an ethnographic study of language policies and practices in a public school in the hills of eastern Nepal. The analysis of classroom anecdotes, observation notes, and interviews with teachers reveals that translanguaging reconfigures the classroom as a critical social space where students’ identities are recognized as multilingual and multiepistemic beings representing their home, community, and school spaces. I argue that translanguaging pedagogies should pay attention to connecting the perceived, conceived, and lived spaces of students to help them resist unequal pedagogies and reclaim their identities as multilingual and multiepistemic subjects. The findings of the study imply that a spatial perspective on translanguaging helps teachers expand the scope of translanguaging pedagogies to transform a monolingualized institutional space as a space of simultaneity that embraces multilingual language practices, transformative ideologies, and the lived experiences of students.