bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrological characteristics of different organic materials mulches
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Xiao Menglin , Zhang Zhaorui , Dai Yanyan , Liu Geng , Senge Masateru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe study aims to find the properties of three organic mulch varieties and their effects on soil moisture and crop growth. Three organic mulches: newspaper, grass, and bran were selected as the research objects, and were analyzed through double-ring infiltration and water loss tests so that water permeability and water-holding capacity of the three mulching materials could be figured out. The results showed the descending order of the three mulching treatments and non-treatment by the infiltration rate of the soil: newspaper > bare ground > grass > bran. In terms of the water-holding capacity, the three organic mulches can be ranked from high to low as newspaper, grass, and bran; by the cumulative water loss as newspaper, grass, and bran; and by water-retention capacity as bran, grass, and newspaper, respectively. By conducting regression analysis, it is found that the water-holding capacity of the mulches is related to water immersion time and the amount of water absorbed and that there is a significant logarithmic relationship between the amount of water loss and water losing time. The fitting results of the three mulches are good. Besides, a power-function relationship exists between water absorption rate and immersion time, and between water loss rate and water loss time. The water infiltration of the soil under the newspaper mulching treatment is the best, as the newspaper can help to improve soil moisture and weaken surface runoff under flood irrigation and heavy rain. Bran possesses the strongest capacity for water retention, which is beneficial to soil moisture retention in areas where sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, and light to moderate rain prevail. The research results can provide a basis for improving the moisture-utilization efficiency in farmlands by using organic mulches.
Inhibition of c-Jun in AgRP neurons increases stress-induced anxiety and colitis susceptibility
Authors: Jiao Fuxin , Hu Xiaoming , Yin Hanrui , Yuan Feixiang , Zhou Ziheng , Wu Wei , Chen Shanghai , Liu Zhanju , Guo Feifan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however, the neural mechanisms regulating this comorbidity are unknown. Here, we show that hypothalamic agouti-related protein (AgRP) neuronal activity is suppressed under chronic restraint stress (CRS), a condition known to increase anxiety and colitis susceptibility. Consistently, chemogenic activation or inhibition of AgRP neurons reverses or mimics CRS-induced increase of anxiety-like behaviors and colitis susceptibility, respectively. Furthermore, CRS inhibits AgRP neuronal activity by suppressing the expression of c-Jun. Moreover, overexpression of c-Jun in these neurons protects against the CRS-induced effects, and knockdown of c-Jun in AgRP neurons (c-Jun∆AgRP) promotes anxiety and colitis susceptibility. Finally, the levels of secreted protein thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) are negatively associated with increased anxiety and colitis, and supplementing recombinant THBS1 rescues colitis susceptibility in c-Jun∆AgRP mice. Taken together, these results reveal critical roles of hypothalamic AgRP neuron-derived c-Jun in orchestrating stress-induced anxiety and colitis susceptibility.
Direction‐of‐arrival estimation based on difference‐sum co‐array of a special coprime array
Authors: Ye Kun , Cai Yongbin , Hong Shaohua , Sun Haixin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCoprime array can provide high degrees of freedom by using difference–sum co‐array under the same physical sensors, and can estimate the source under uncertain conditions. A special coprime array structure is proposed in this paper. Its difference–sum co‐array can improve the degrees of freedom. Finally, the proposed array structure estimation is used for direction‐of‐arrival. Simulation results and analysis show that the proposed array structure can effectively improve the accuracy of direction‐of‐arrival estimation. Under the same signal‐to‐noise ratio and snapshot number, it has lower root mean square error and higher estimation accuracy than other methods.
HE‐DETR‐DC5 method to rapidly detect objects on passive THz images in human safety inspection
Authors: Cheng Lu , Zhang Wenrui , Li Chao , Ji Yicai , Liu Xiaojun , Fang Guangyou 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs worldwide counterterrorism operations grow, screening people for concealed objects in public places utilizing Terahertz security technology is becoming increasingly critical. In this letter, a passive THz Human security image Intelligent detection method (HE‐DETR‐DC5) is proposed that combines histogram equalization (HE) processing and DEtection TRansformer (DETR). The proposed method first performs histogram equalization on passive THz images to improve image contrast. In addition, the cavity convolution is added to the ResNet‐50 backbone network to enhance the model's attention to the concealed object in the passive THz image and improve the accuracy. The corresponding model is called DETR‐DC5. The experimental results show that the average precision mAP of the proposed method can achieve 99.9%. At the same time, compared to other image enhancement methods, the histogram equalization method used in this letter has better performance and higher detection accuracy. The detection speed of the proposed method is about 0.5 FPS, which can meet the demand for real‐time detection. Therefore, the proposed model can efficiently and automatically detect hidden objects in passive THz human security images.
Waveguide integration of a >4.7‐THz quantum‐cascade laser
Authors: Nuttall Eleanor , Han Yingjun , Pardo Diego , Kondawar Sanchit S. , Brewster Nick , Salih Mohammed , Li Lianhe , Horbury Michael D. , Davies A. Giles , Linfield Edmund H. , Wang Hui , Dean Paul , Ellison Brian N. , Valavanis Alexander 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWaveguide integration of terahertz quantum cascade lasers (THz QCLs) is demonstrated at frequencies above 4.7 THz. A precision micromachining technique, followed by diamond‐turning and electroless‐plating has been used to manufacture hollow rectangular waveguides with integrated diagonal feedhorns. It is shown that surface roughness at the level is achieved, enabling outcoupling of radiation in the 4.75–5.05 THz band, with a divergence angle of along the plane of the QCLs substrate.
Local power consumption method of distributed photovoltaic generation in rural distribution network based on blockchain
Authors: Zhang Tao , Yang Jianhua , Jin Kaiyuan , Jing Tianjun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith the increasing penetration of distributed photovoltaic generation (DPVG) in the rural distribution network, some problems such as abandoning solar energy and increasing voltage fluctuation have become more and more prominent. In order to promote local or nearby power consumption of the photovoltaic (PV) generation in the distribution network, the profit strategy is given with an optimal electricity price based on blockchain technology (BCT) by considering the topology, the load fluctuation of the distribution network and the reputation value of agricultural park consumers. The electricity price in the blockchain (BC) transaction is used as an intermediate variable to establish the revenue model for the PV generation, the agricultural park consumers and the distribution network. The power trading mechanism of the PV generation is constructed in the decentralized management agency of the BC. The maximum overall comprehensive income of the PV generation and the park consumers is used as the objective function, and the Stackelberg game theory is applied to prove the existence of the optimal game strategy in the transaction. The local power consumption method of the PV generation is simulated with the optimal electricity price in the IEEE 33‐node distribution network. The problem of abandoning solar energy is effectively relieved within an appropriate voltage limitation, and the comprehensive benefit of the PV generation and the park consumers is raised in the distribution network.
Research on modelling of landscape architecture layout planning based on multi‐sensor data fusion
Authors: Wen Pingfang , Xu Hongwu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the rationality of landscape architecture layout planning and reduce the energy consumption in the process of data fusion, a landscape architecture layout planning modelling method based on multi‐sensor data fusion is proposed in this study. Firstly, the spatial layer of landscape plants is divided, and the quantitative index value of landscape architecture is calculated by Simpson diversity index. Secondly, the weight of plant index is determined by analytic hierarchy process, and the error of garden image is analysed by unsupervised classification of garden image based on multi‐sensor data fusion. Then, the garden image is classified according to the existing template, and the training samples of each category of garden are extracted. Finally, the modelling of landscape architecture layout planning is constructed, and the optimal planning method of landscape architecture layout based on maximum likelihood method is proposed. The experimental results show that this method can effectively reduce the energy consumption in the data fusion process, reduce the probability of damaged nodes becoming cluster heads, improve the stability of landscape forest layout planning method, match the plants according to the plant species, and improve the rationality of landscape architecture layout planning.
Safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition with uninterrupted direct oral anticoagulation in a swine model
Authors: Garcia Garcia de Paredes Ana , Hartley Christopher , Hernandez-Lara Ariosto H. , AbiMansour Jad P. , Valls Eric J. Vargas , Pruthi Rajiv K. , Graham Rondell P. , Storm Andrew C. , Gleeson Ferga C. , Levy Michael J. , Rajan Elizabeth 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims The risk of bleeding with endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) in patients on uninterrupted antithrombotic agents is unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety of EUS-TA without discontinuing direct oral anticoagulants.
Methods Twenty pigs were randomized (1:1) to oral apixaban or placebo. Treatment was administered for 3 days before and 3 days after EUS-TA of the pancreas. Primary endpoint was occurrence of clinically significant bleeding events (CSBEs), defined as a composite outcome of drop in hemoglobin ≥ 2 g/dL and evidence of intraprocedural or post-procedure bleeding. Secondary outcome was cytopathological adequacy of acquired specimens. Endoscopists and pathologists were blinded to the treatment arm.
Results Total of 80 tissue samples were obtained. CSBE occurred in one animal with apixaban levels above the upper limit (P = 1). Intraprocedural bleeding occurred in five animals (25 %), four of which from the apixaban group. Hematoma at necropsy was found in 10 animals (50 %), six of which were on apixaban. Median drop in hemoglobin was similar in both groups. Adequacy of specimens for cytology and pathology evaluation was confirmed in 20 of 20 and 19 of 20 animals, respectively.
Conclusions In this pilot preclinical trial, EUS-TA under apixaban showed a trend toward higher minor bleeding events but did not increase CSBE or prevent adequate cytopathological evaluation.
Evaluating impacts of syntenic block detection strategies on rearrangement phylogeny usingMycobacterium tuberculosisisolates
Authors: Elghraoui Afif , Mirarab Siavash , Swenson Krister M , Valafar Faramarz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMotivationThe phylogenetic signal of structural variation informs a more comprehensive understanding of evolution. As (near-)complete genome assembly becomes more commonplace, the next methodological challenge for inferring genome rearrangement trees is the identification of syntenic blocks of orthologous sequences. In this article, we studied 94 reference quality genomes of primarily Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates as a benchmark to evaluate these methods. The clonal nature of Mtb evolution, the manageable genome sizes, along with substantial levels of structural variation make this an ideal benchmarking dataset.ResultsWe tested several methods for detecting homology and obtaining syntenic blocks and two methods for inferring phylogenies from them, then compared the resulting trees to the standard method’s tree, inferred from nucleotide substitutions. We found that, not only the choice of methods, but also their parameters can impact results, and that the tree inference method had less impact than the block determination method. Interestingly, a rearrangement tree based on blocks from the Cactus whole-genome aligner was fully compatible with the highly supported branches of the substitution-based tree, enabling the combination of the two into a high-resolution supertree. Overall, our results indicate that accurate trees can be inferred using genome rearrangements, but the choice of the methods for inferring homology requires care.Availability and implementationAnalysis scripts and code written for this study are available at https://gitlab.com/LPCDRP/rearrangement-homology.pub and https://gitlab.com/LPCDRP/syntement.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
3D-equivariant graph neural networks for protein model quality assessment
Authors: Chen Chen , Chen Xiao , Morehead Alex , Wu Tianqi , Cheng Jianlin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Quality assessment (QA) of predicted protein tertiary structure models plays an important role in ranking and using them. With the recent development of deep learning end-to-end protein structure prediction techniques for generating highly confident tertiary structures for most proteins, it is important to explore corresponding QA strategies to evaluate and select the structural models predicted by them since these models have better quality and different properties than the models predicted by traditional tertiary structure prediction methods.

Results
We develop EnQA, a novel graph-based 3D-equivariant neural network method that is equivariant to rotation and translation of 3D objects to estimate the accuracy of protein structural models by leveraging the structural features acquired from the state-of-the-art tertiary structure prediction method—AlphaFold2. We train and test the method on both traditional model datasets (e.g. the datasets of the Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction) and a new dataset of high-quality structural models predicted only by AlphaFold2 for the proteins whose experimental structures were released recently. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on protein structural models predicted by both traditional protein structure prediction methods and the latest end-to-end deep learning method—AlphaFold2. It performs even better than the model QA scores provided by AlphaFold2 itself. The results illustrate that the 3D-equivariant graph neural network is a promising approach to the evaluation of protein structural models. Integrating AlphaFold2 features with other complementary sequence and structural features is important for improving protein model QA.

Availability and implementation
The source code is available at https://github.com/BioinfoMachineLearning/EnQA.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Associations of mayfly larvae with Corbicula clams
Authors: Bespalaya Yulia V , Palatov Dmitry M , Gofarov Mikhail Yu , Kondakov Alexander V , Kropotin Alexander V , Sousa Ronaldo , Taskinen Jouni , Inkhavilay Khamla , Tanmuangpak Kitti , Tumpeesuwan Sakboworn , Vikhrev Ilya V , Bolotov Ivan N 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Currently, the parasitic and endosymbiontic fauna of Corbicula clams remain poorly studied throughout their range. Here, using samples from the Mekong basin, we describe two Symbiocloeon species new to science: Symbiocloeon corbiculinus sp. nov. and Symbiocloeon laoensis sp. nov. Our results and a review of available published data indicate that freshwater bivalve-associated mayflies are narrow host specialists, being associated with one or a few closely related species of freshwater bivalves. The bivalve-associated mayfly larvae have several specific morphological traits compared with free-living species, which include a reduction of integument chitinization and a significant reduction of the surface structures on segments. An increase in area of the respiratory surface of larval tergalia was also recorded. The possible positive and negative effects of mayflies on the clam hosts are discussed. This study is an example of the many possible hidden associations between aquatic species that remain to be described.
Big technology and data privacy
Authors: Conyon Martin J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper discusses big technology and data privacy. First, we show the rapid rise in technology firms since the millennium. Using Facebook as a case study (the most popular social network in 2022), we show its reliance on personally identifiable data collection and advertising. Second, we investigate the Cambridge Analytica data breach. We show that stock prices fall in response to the data breach using event study methods. Cumulative abnormal returns decline by about 9.8% in the event window. Third, we discuss policy options in response to data privacy concerns. The GDPR provides a legislative model for protecting individually identifiable data.
Left atrial reservoir strain as a novel predictor of new-onset atrial fibrillation in light-chain-type cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Choi You-Jung , Kim Darae , Rhee Tea-Min , Lee Hyun-Jung , Park Jun-Bean , Lee Seung-Pyo , Chang Sung-A , Kim Yong-Jin , Jeon Eun-Seok , Oh Jae K , Choi Jin-Oh , Kim Hyung-Kwan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Aims
To investigate whether left arterial reservoir strain (LASr) could predict new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in patients with light-chain-type cardiac amyloidosis (ALCA).

Methods and results
This study enrolled 427 patients with CA from two tertiary centres between 2005 and 2019. LASr was measured using a vendor-independent analysis programme. The primary outcome was NOAF. A total of 287 patients with ALCA were included [median age 63.0 (56.0–70.0) years, 53.3% male]. The median LASr was 13.9% (10.5–20.8%). During the median follow-up of 0.85 years, AF occurred in 34 patients (11.8%). In the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, the optimal cut-off of LASr for predicting NOAF was 14.4%. Patients with LASr ≤14.4% had a higher risk of NOAF than those with LASr &gt;14.4% (18.1% vs. 5.1%, P &lt; 0.010). In the multivariate analysis adjusting for confounding factors, including left arterial volume index and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS), higher LASr (%) was independently associated with lower risk for NOAF [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.936, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.879–0.997, P = 0.039]. Furthermore, LASr ≤14.4% was an independent predictor for NOAF (aHR: 3.370, 95% CI: 1.337–8.492, P = 0.010). This remained true after accounting for all-cause death as a competing risk. Compared with Model 1 (LV-GLS) and Model 2 (LV-GLS plus LAVI), Model 3, including LASr showed a better reclassification ability for predicting NOAF (net reclassification index = 0.735, P &lt; 0.001 compared with Model 1; net reclassification index = 0.514, P = 0.003 compared with Model 2).

Conclusion
LASr was an independent predictor of NOAF in patients with ALCA.
Case report of hidden (yet visible) systolic fascicular potentials in a patient with left bundle branch block during conduction system pacing implantation
Authors: Kaddour Myriam , Kozhuharov Nikola , Burri Haran 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is being increasingly adopted as a more physiological alternative to conventional pacing. At implantation, appropriate lead depth can be guided by monitoring a number of parameters, including the presence of a fascicular potential during conducted rhythm. However, in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB), a presystolic fascicular potential is most often absent, due to upstream conduction block. We present for the first time a case where delayed fascicular potentials were visible within the ventricular electrogram (EGM) of the pacing lead.

Case summary
An 88-year-old patient with decompensated heart failure of ischaemic origin with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 0.30 and LBBB with a QRS of 180 ms was scheduled for LBBP pacemaker implantation. A pacing lead was screwed deep into the interventricular septum in the left bundle branch area. Upon close inspection, fascicular potentials within the ventricular EGM were visible during cycles with LBBB. A presystolic fascicular potential was visible during cycles with a narrow QRS following blocked atrial premature beats with a pause. Threshold testing revealed transition from non-selective to selective LBBP, confirming conduction system capture.

Discussion
The present case illustrates that fascicular potentials, which are most probably retrograde (or alternatively anterograde with very slow conduction), may be visualized within the ventricular EGM during LBBP implantation in patients with LBBB. Implanting physicians should scrutinize the EGM for these potentials, as they provide valuable information that adequate lead depth has been reached. The prevalence of these findings needs to be further evaluated.
Antithrombotic therapy and cardiovascular outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients without indications for chronic oral anticoagulation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Guedeney Paul , Roule Vincent , Mesnier Jules , Chapelle Celine , Portal Jean-Jacques , Laporte Silvy , Ollier Edouard , Zeitouni Michel , Kerneis Mathieu , Procopi Niki , Barthelemy Olivier , Sorrentino Sabato , Mihalovic Michal , Silvain Johanne , Vicaut Eric , Montalescot Gilles , Collet Jean-Philippe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsAs the antithrombotic regimen that may best prevent ischaemic complications along with the lowest bleeding risk offset following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remains unclear, we aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of antithrombotic regimens in patients without having an indication for chronic oral anticoagulation.Methods and resultsWe conducted a PROSPERO-registered (CRD42021247924) systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating post-TAVI antithrombotic regimens up to April 2022. We estimated the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using a random-effects model in a frequentist pairwise and network metanalytic approach. We included seven studies comprising 4006 patients with a mean weighted follow-up of 12.9 months. Risk of all-cause death was significantly reduced with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) compared with low-dose rivaroxaban + 3-month single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41–0.88), while no significant reduction was observed with SAPT vs. DAPT (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.67–1.58) and SAPT and DAPT compared with apixaban or edoxaban (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.32–1.14 and RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.34–1.02, respectively). SAPT was associated with a significant reduction of life-threatening, disabling, or major bleeding compared with DAPT (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.29–0.70), apixaban or edoxaban alone (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25–0.79), and low-dose rivaroxaban + 3-month SAPT (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.16–0.57). There were no differences between the various regimens with respect to myocardial infarction, stroke, or systemic embolism.ConclusionFollowing TAVI in patients without an indication for chronic oral anticoagulant, SAPT more than halved the risk of bleeding compared with DAPT and direct oral anticoagulant-based regimens without significant ischaemic offset.