bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterologous expression reveals unique properties of Trk K+ importers from nonconventional biotechnologically relevant yeast species together with their potential to support Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth
Authors: Papoušková Klára , Gómez Marcos , Kodedová Marie , Ramos José , Zimmermannová Olga , Sychrová Hana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trk1 is the main K+ importer. It is involved in many important physiological processes, such as the maintenance of ion homeostasis, cell volume, intracellular pH, and plasma‐membrane potential. The ScTrk1 protein can be of great interest to industry, as it was shown that changes in its activity influence ethanol production and tolerance in S. cerevisiae and also cell performance in the presence of organic acids or high ammonium under low K+ conditions. Nonconventional yeast species are attracting attention due to their unique properties and as a potential source of genes that encode proteins with unusual characteristics. In this work, we aimed to study and compare Trk proteins from Debaryomyces hansenii, Hortaea werneckii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and Yarrowia lipolytica, four biotechnologically relevant yeasts that tolerate various extreme environments. Heterologous expression in S. cerevisiae cells lacking the endogenous Trk importers revealed differences in the studied Trk proteins' abilities to support the growth of cells under various cultivation conditions such as low K+ or the presence of toxic cations, to reduce plasma‐membrane potential or to take up Rb+. Examination of the potential of Trks to support the stress resistance of S. cerevisiae wild‐type strains showed that Y. lipolytica Trk1 is a promising tool for improving cell tolerance to both low K+ and high salt and that the overproduction of S. cerevisiae's own Trk1 was the most efficient at improving the growth of cells in the presence of highly toxic Li+ ions.
An International Scholar with a Dramatic Life
Authors: Erdal Marta Bivand , Gleditsch Nils Petter , Tønnesson Stein 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMarek Thee lived a dramatic life amidst some of the 20th century’s most tragic conflicts. This autobiography was written in the early 1990s. We meet him as a young leftist student in the Free City of Danzig (Gdańsk) before the Nazi takeover; as an advocate of the Jewish Zionist cause in Palestine during and after the Second World War; as a diplomat, foreign service official and scholar in the post-war Polish Republic; as a Polish representative on the Commission for Supervision and Control of the Geneva agreements on Indochina and Laos; as a foreign affairs analyst specializing on Asian affairs in Warsaw of the 1960s; and eventually, for the last 30 years of his life, as a peace researcher at the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) and the Norwegian Human Rights Institute, once again in exile from his native Poland.
Twenty-four-hour movement guidelines during adolescence and its association with obesity at adulthood: results from a nationally representative study
Authors: García-Hermoso Antonio , Ezzatvar Yasmin , Alonso-Martinez Alicia M. , Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Izquierdo Mikel , López-Gil José Francisco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo determine the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during adolescence with obesity at adulthood 14 years later in a nationally representative cohort. We analyzed data from 6984 individuals who participated in Waves I (1994–1995) and IV (2008–2009) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in the USA. Obesity was defined by the International Obesity Task Force cut-off points at Wave I and adult cut-points at Wave IV (body mass index [BMI]≥30 kg/m2 and waist circumference [WC]≥102 cm in male and 88 cm in female). Physical activity, screen time and sleep duration were self-reported. Adolescents who met screen time recommendation alone (β = −1.62 cm, 95%CI −2.68 cm to −0.56), jointly with physical activity (β = −2.25 cm, 95%CI −3.75 cm to −0.75 cm), and those who met all three recommendations (β = −1.92 cm, 95%CI −3.81 cm to −0.02 cm) obtained lower WC at Wave IV than those who did not meet any of these recommendations. Our results also show that meeting with screen time recommendations (IRR [incidence rate ratio] = 0.84, 95%CI 0.76 to 0.92) separately and jointly with physical activity recommendations (IRR = 0.86, 95%CI 0.67 to 0.97) during adolescence is associated with lower risk of abdominal obesity at adulthood. In addition, adolescents who met all 24-h movement recommendations had lower risk of abdominal obesity later in life (IRR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.60 to 0.97).Conclusion: Promoting the adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines from adolescence, especially physical activity and screen time, seems to be related with lower risk of abdominal obesity later in life, but not for BMI.

What is Known:• Some studies have shown a relationship between adherence to 24-h movement guidelines and adiposity or obesity markers in youth. However, most of these studies have a cross-sectional design or a short follow-up.

What is New:• This is the first study which determined the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during adolescence with obesity at adulthood 14 years later in a nationally representative US cohort.• Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines from adolescence seems to be related with lower risk of abdominal obesity later in life, but not for body mass index.
Non-respondents do not bias outcome assessment after cervical spine surgery: a multicenter observational study from the Norwegian registry for spine surgery (NORspine)
Authors: Ingebrigtsen Tor , Aune Grethe , Karlsen Martine Eriksen , Gulati Sasha , Kolstad Frode , Nygaard Øystein P. , Thyrhaug Anette Moltu , Solberg Tore K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The
Norwegian registry for spine surgery (NORspine) is a national clinical quality registry which has recorded more than 10,000 operations for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine since 2012. Registries are large observational cohorts, at risk for attrition bias. We therefore aimed to examine whether clinical outcomes differed between respondents and non-respondents to standardized questionnaire-based 12-month follow-up.

Methods
All eight public and private providers of cervical spine surgery in Norway report to NORspine. We included 334 consecutive patients who were registered with surgical treatment of degenerative conditions in the cervical spine in 2018 and did a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected register data and data on non-respondents’ outcomes collected by telephone interviews. The primary outcome measure was patient-reported change in arm pain assessed with the numeric rating scale (NRS). Secondary outcome measures were change in neck pain assessed with the NRS, change in health-related quality of life assessed with EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), and patients’ perceived benefit of the operation assessed by the Global Perceived Effect (GPE) scale.

Results
At baseline, there were few and small differences between the 238 (71.3%) respondents and the 96 (28.7%) non-respondents. We reached 76 (79.2%) non-respondents by telephone, and 63 (65.6%) consented to an interview. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in change in NRS score for arm pain (3.26 (95% CI 2.84 to 3.69) points for respondents and 2.77 (1.92 to 3.63) points for telephone interviewees) or any of the secondary outcome measures.

Conclusions
The results indicate that patients lost to follow-up were missing at random. Analyses of outcomes based on data from respondents can be considered representative for the complete register cohort, if patient characteristics associated with attrition are controlled for.
Connectivity indices of m-polar fuzzy network model, with an application to a product manufacturing problem
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Siddique Saba , Alcantud José Carlos R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConnectivity is among the most essential concerns in graph theory and its applications. We consider this issue in a framework that stems from the combination of m-polar fuzzy set theory with graphs. We introduce two measurements of connectedness of m-polar fuzzy graphs that we call their connectivity and average connectivity indices. Examples are given, and the theoretical performance of these concepts is investigated. Particularly, we are concerned with the effect of deleting a vertex or an edge from an m-polar fuzzy graph, on its connectivity and average connectivity indices. We also establish bounding expressions for the connectivity index in complete m-polar fuzzy graphs, complete bipartite m-polar fuzzy graphs, and wheel m-polar fuzzy graphs. Moreover, we introduce some special types of vertices called m-polar fuzzy connectivity reducing vertices, m-polar fuzzy connectivity enhancing vertices, and m-polar fuzzy connectivity neutral vertices. Our theoretical contribution is applied to a product manufacturing problem that takes advantage of multi-polar uncertain information. The justification for our application is systematized using an algorithm. Finally, we compare the proposed method to existing methodologies to demonstrate its feasibility and applicability.
Quality of Relationships Between Residential Staff and Youth: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pinheiro Micaela , Magalhães Eunice , Calheiros Maria Manuela , Macdonald Diana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRegardless of the type of residential care context, entering in care is an impactful event that involves the separation of young people from their relatives, as well as the need to adapt to a new context. This adaptation might be facilitated by the quality of relationships with professionals in these settings, which in turn may positively impact young people’s psychological adjustment.Purpose: The current systematic review aims to identify the factors that might be associated with quality relationships in residential homes (i.e., generalist care, therapeutic care, juvenile justice settings) at different ecological levels.Method: A systematic electronic search was conducted in eight databases: Academic Search Complete, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, ERIC, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus, using a combination of words related with quality relationship, residential care, children, and adolescent. Based on the PRISMA statement, 919 manuscripts were yielded, and thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria.Results: Child (e.g., gender or age), professionals (e.g., professionals’ characteristics, behaviors, and skills), organizational (e.g., Ratios of children to professionals on staff) and cross-cutting factors (e.g., time spent together, length of relationship) were found to be associated with quality relationships between professionals and young people in care.Discussion: The residential care settings should be able to provide appropriate resources and services which address young people’s complex needs. Practical implications are discussed.
National Climate Change Risk Assessments to inform adaptation policy priorities and environmental sustainability outcomes: a knowledge systems perspective
Authors: Brown Iain , Berry Pam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
National Climate Change Risk Assessments (CCRAs) have a key role in informing priorities for adaptation policy but face significant challenges due to multiple facets of risk and adaptation. Issues are especially pronounced for meeting goals of environmental sustainability due to the complex dynamics of socio-ecological systems. In practice, a CCRA can therefore differ from its original conceptual blueprint. These challenges are explored from a knowledge systems perspective, focusing on the role of stakeholders/policymakers, risk descriptors, methods, evidence sources, and scientists. A UK case study evaluates recent developments (CCRA3) including identification of policy urgency through adaptation shortfalls and its application to the natural environment. Important science-policy issues are also highlighted regarding inclusion of opportunities, systemic risks, residual risks, and risk tolerance. A general conclusion is that CCRAs inevitably leave open questions which lead back to their evolving role in the science-policy interface. A knowledge systems perspective identifies CCRAs as open, adaptive, reflexive processes that help redefine interpretations of risk and adaptation, rather than just providing a specific policy-relevant product. This perspective identifies scope for progressive refinement of CCRAs to enhance collective science-policy adaptive capacity whilst also engaging wider society. For environmental sustainability, this open process can be used to iteratively redefine robust future pathways and system reference conditions that also better reflect evolving societal perceptions and tolerance on sustainability risk in the face of climate change.
Multi-level emulation of tsunami simulations over Cilacap, South Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ehara Ayao , Salmanidou Dimitra M. , Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Guillas Serge 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCarrying out a Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA) requires a large number of simulations done at a high resolution. Statistical emulation builds a surrogate to replace the simulator and thus reduces computational costs when propagating uncertainties from the earthquake sources to the tsunami inundations. To reduce further these costs, we propose here to build emulators that exploit multiple levels of resolution and a sequential design of computer experiments. By running a few tsunami simulations at high resolution and many more simulations at lower resolutions we are able to provide realistic assessments whereas, for the same budget, using only the high resolution tsunami simulations do not provide a satisfactory outcome. As a result, PTHA can be considered with higher precision using the highest spatial resolutions, and for impacts over larger regions. We provide an illustration to the city of Cilacap in Indonesia that demonstrates the benefit of our approach.
Isolation and endemism in the subterranean aquatic snails of the genus Belgrandiella A. J. Wagner, 1928 (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea: Hydrobiidae)
Authors: Jaszczyńska Aleksandra , Falniowski Andrzej , Prevorčnik Simona , Osikowski Artur , Hofman Sebastian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Western Balkans hosts the richest subterranean aquatic gastropod fauna in the world. The main factors shaping intraspecies diversity are thought to be isolation and endemism. In the genusBelgrandiella, minute snails inhabiting subterranean waters and springs in Central Europe and Balkans, molecular studies have shown much fewer valid species than previously anticipated. The present study applies mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, histone 3, and RAPD analysis, to check the inter- and intraspecies genetic diversity in 36Belgrandiellapopulations from caves, springs and interstitial aquifers. The level of gene flow is assessed to check if these snails form a widespread genetically uniform metapopulation or rather follow the highly endemic pattern. The studied populations have been assigned to six species. In the most widely distributedB. kuscerifrom 21 populations, 60 sequenced specimens represent 16 haplotypes. While the same haplotypes are present in distant populations, gene flow between the other populations is low. Nei distances for RAPD show no geographic pattern. The interspecies differences in COI evidently confirm the time of speciation in Pleistocene, before karstification, which rejects speciation within isolated caves. The pattern observed inBelgrandiellaseems more similar to the one described inMontenegrospeumthan inKerkia.
“Burning Villages”: Leo Katz’s Novels on the 1907 Romanian Peasants’ Revolt and the Question of Antisemitism
Authors: Kaltenbrunner Andreea 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article explores the Jewish question in the context of the 1907 Romanian Peasants’ Revolt through the novels of the Austrian Jewish communist Leo Katz. Katz witnessed the uprising as a youth from his native village situated on the border between the Habsburg Empire, Romania, and Tsarist Russia. He wrote two novels about the revolt: one in 1940 and the other in 1946. The present study examines the violent clashes that unfolded at the border and how the writer approached the concept of antisemitism in the context of the revolt. Relying mainly on Katz’s personal papers, the article shows that Katz’s understanding of antisemitism was related to his communist beliefs. This changed following debates on antisemitism that he and other German-speaking communists had while in exile in Mexico, where Katz spent most of World War Il. Although Katz includes more details on antisemitism in his second novel, he does not address the anti-Jewish violence perpetrated by the rural masses, which is an aspect otherwise well documented by the Austro-Hungarian border authorities. Katz’s novels are the most comprehensive Jewish narratives on the 1907 Romanian Peasants’ Revolt and represent a Jewish intellectual’s struggle to make sense of the rising antisemitism in that tri-border area at the turn of the twentieth century.
A Turn-On–Type Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Eco-friendly Method for Nitazoxanide Quantification in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Spiked Plasma: Evaluation of Greenness Profile Using Different Assessment Tools
Authors: Mostafa Eman A. , Elkady Ehab F. , El-Didamoony Mai A. , Batakoushy Hany A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA brand-new class of anti-infective drugs that work against bacteria, viruses, and protozoan parasites is nitazoxanide and related thiazolides. Thiazolides have also been shown to cause cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death in cancer cells in recent years. In this study, an eco-friendly, spectrofluorimetric technique that is verified, easy, and sensitive has been proposed for quantifying nitazoxanide (NTZ), a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug. When NTZ is reduced with zinc (Zn) powder in an acidic media, a highly fluorescent product is produced. To get the highest sensitivity, different experimental conditions impacting the response were examined and optimized. Following excitation at 299 nm, scanning of the fluorescent product was done at 440 nm. The intensity of the fluorescence was proportional to the drug concentration in the range of 0.1–0.6 μg/mL. The approach was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and the outcome was satisfactory. The detection and quantitation limits were calculated to be 0.013 and 0.038 μg/mL, respectively. The suggested technique was successful in analyzing commercially available NTZ dosage forms. Furthermore, the proposed technique was used to assess NTZ levels in human plasma and it was bio-analytically validated according to European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines. The suggested method can be used in quality control laboratories as well as in pharmacokinetic studies. In order to picture the green profile of the developed method, four greenness assessment tools have been applied. National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), analytical Eco-Scale Assessment (ESA), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and Analytical Greenness metric (AGREE) are the relatively most widely used metrics. So, they were utilized to perform a detailed greenness comparison between the proposed method and some of the reported methods for the determination of NTZ. The developed method was found to be an excellent green method with the highest AGREE score.
Hidden attractors in Chua circuit: mathematical theory meets physical experiments
Authors: Kuznetsov Nikolay , Mokaev Timur , Ponomarenko Vladimir , Seleznev Evgeniy , Stankevich Nataliya , Chua Leon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAfter the discovery in early 1960s by E. Lorenz and Y. Ueda of the first example of a chaotic attractor in numerical simulation of a real physical process, a new scientific direction of analysis of chaotic behavior in dynamical systems arose. Despite the key role of this first discovery, later on a number of works have appeared supposing that chaotic attractors of the considered dynamical models are rather artificial, computer-induced objects, i.e., they are generated not due to the physical nature of the process, but only by errors arising from the application of approximate numerical methods and finite-precision computations. Further justification for the possibility of a real existence of chaos in the study of a physical system developed in two directions. Within the first direction, effective analytic-numerical methods were invented providing the so-called computer-assisted proof of the existence of a chaotic attractor. In the framework of the second direction, attempts were made to detect chaotic behavior directly in a physical experiment, by designing a proper experimental setup. The first remarkable result in this direction is the experiment of L. Chua, in which he designed a simple RLC circuit (Chua circuit) containing a nonlinear element (Chua diode), and managed to demonstrate the real evidence of chaotic behavior in this circuit on the screen of oscilloscope. The mathematical model of the Chua circuit (further, Chua system) is also known to be the first example of a system in which the existence of a chaotic hidden attractor was discovered and the bifurcation scenario of its birth was described. Despite the nontriviality of this discovery and cogency of the procedure for hidden attractor localization, the question of detecting this type of attractor in a physical experiment remained open. This article aims to give an exhaustive answer to this question, demonstrating both a detailed formulation of a radiophysical experiment on the localization of a hidden attractor in the Chua circuit, as well as a thorough description of the relationship between a physical experiment, mathematical modeling, and computer simulation.