bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Related to Burnout Among Perinatal Home Visiting Nurses
Authors: Greene Madelyne Z. , Gillespie Kate H. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
Risks for burnout among nurses have been understudied in public and community health settings. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to describe the experiences of nurses working in a perinatal community health program for high-risk families with a focus on challenges and risks for burnout.

Methods:
We conducted field observation and semistructured individual interviews in 2019 with nurses at 2 sites implementing Prenatal Care Coordination (PNCC), a Medicaid benefit for high-risk pregnant people and infants in Wisconsin. A larger parent study assessed the implementation of PNCC overall through a thematic analysis process. Initial deductive coding was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Findings:
Emergent themes demonstrated that PNCC nurses face several significant barriers and known risks for burnout, including role strain related to scope of practice and training, discordant racial and socioeconomic identities leading to role conflict, and low control combined with high psychological demand.

Conclusions:
Given that the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated burnout risk among nurses in hospital settings, and that nurses addressing social determinants of health may be at increased risk for burnout, these findings represent a critical perspective on the experiences and needs of perinatal nurses in public and community health settings.
Narrative Review of Use and Continued Relevance of the Maternal Infant Responsiveness Instrument
Authors: Spurlock Elizabeth J. , Pickler Rita H. , Terry Rollins E. , Drake Emily , Roux Gayle , Amankwaa Linda 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The Maternal Infant Responsiveness Instrument (MIRI) was developed in 2002 to measure a critical aspect of maternal-infant health. The objective of this analysis was to examine use, results, and continued relevance of the MIRI 20 years after its creation.

Methods:
For the completion of this narrative review, 5 electronic databases were accessed using key search terms. Inclusion criteria were English-language, peer-reviewed research using the MIRI. Hand searches of reference lists were conducted. Five authors performed screening, data extraction, appraisal, and summarized findings.

Results:
Fifteen studies were included. All studies reported an internal consistency of α > 0.70 for the MIRI. Positive correlations were reported with self-efficacy, infant temperament, and life satisfaction. Inverse relationships were reported with stress, depression, and experiential avoidance. Depressive symptomatology, life satisfaction, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and previous childcare experience were predictors of maternal responsiveness.

Discussion:
Maternal well-being (postpartum depression and stress) can affect maternal responsiveness. Given the pervasive disparities in maternal health and well-being, it is important to have reliable measures of the effects of those disparities. The MIRI, a valid and reliable measure, may be useful for assessing the effectiveness of interventions designed to improve infant and maternal well-being.
Acute and recurrent pustulosis: consolidating uncommon cases of follicular pustulosis induced by UV light and other triggers
Authors: Porter Amanda P. , James William D. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
There are a growing number of patients with acute and recurrent pustular reactive dermatitis reported without clear parameters to define the entities. Consolidation of cases under the term acute and recurrent pustulosis (ARP) will aid dermatologists in diagnosing such patients in the future.

Objective:
Describe the parameters which define acute and recurrent pustulosis and communicate the high predominance for onset in young women based on reported cases.

Methods:
PubMed literature search for reports of recurrent follicularly centered neutrophilic eruptions.

Results:
According to the clinical characteristics of ARP, 23 patients were identified from prior reports. Interestingly, 20 out of 23 patients were women with a high predominance in early adulthood.

Limitations:
This is an understudied and underreported clinical entity. Therefore, limitations include availability of case reports and lack of prior research available on PubMed.

Conclusion:
ARP is defined as follicular pustules that occur and remit without treatment and within a week of an identifiable trigger, predominantly affecting women. Consolidating reports of ARP under clear criteria will aid clinical dermatologists in diagnosing this unreported dermatitis.
Provider adherence to American Diabetes Association cardiovascular risk–reduction guidelines: An integrative review
Authors: Bullock Jamie Eve 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) requires comprehensive management to prevent end organ disease. Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) effects more than 33.3 million individuals in the United States, the majority managed by primary care providers (PCPs). Type 2 diabetes Mellitus increases lifetime heart attack and stroke risk by 2–4 times. Adherence to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) cardiovascular disease reduction guidelines is associated with decreased morbidity and mortality.

Purpose:
This integrative review highlights PCP adherence to ADA cardiovascular risk–reduction guidelines and explores interventions that address adherence.

Methodology:
The integrative review approach demanded critical examination of the literature following extraction of findings obtained through a rigorous process involving clear inclusion and exclusion criteria. A comprehensive literature search was guided through Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model. Data extraction was documented through Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis.

Results:
Five articles met inclusion criteria. Articles ranged from 2017 to 2022 and occurred in the United States, Palestine, and one across Europe. Four areas of common content were identified and included the lack of adherence to statin prescribing, lack of adherence to blood pressure management, statin prescribing favoring male patients and those with existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease diagnoses, and varying methods to improve adherence.

Conclusions:
Quality-improvement strategies focused on the improvement of PCP adherence to ADA cardiovascular risk–reduction guidelines are necessary.

Implications:
Improved adherence would significantly improve morbidity and mortality outcomes in T2DM. Adherence interventions include education, electronic health record integration, and oversight by certified diabetes educator nurses. The time is now to reduce the negative sequelae from a disease that effects 11.3% of our population.
Organized Sports Activities Are Safe for Children With Sickle Cell Disease: A Pilot Intervention Study
Authors: Noordstar Johannes J. , Hulzebos Erik H.J. , van der Ent Cornelis K. , Suijker Monique H. , Bartels Marije 
Published: July 2023

Historically, children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are advised to refrain from sports activities, based on the assumption that physical exercise can trigger vaso-occlusive episodes. This pilot intervention study examined the safety (ie, no vaso-occlusive episodes) of a 10-week organized sports program for children with SCD. Eight children with SCD (5 boys/3 girls), aged 7 to 12 years old, received 10 training sessions (each 90 min) once a week. Training sessions were performed by a professional soccer club under the supervision of a medical team from the Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital. During the study period, one child experienced a vaso-occlusive crisis, which could not be directly related to the organized sports program. None of the other children experienced vaso-occlusive episodes. The results of this study indicate that children with SCD can participate safely in moderate-intensity organized sports activities when personalized medical background and practical training information is shared with the trainer beforehand. All children continued their sports participation after the study period.
Serum Soluble Endoglin in Pediatric Septic Shock Associated Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Authors: Atreya Mihir R. , Cvijanovich Natalie Z. , Fitzgerald Julie C. , Weiss Scott L. , Bigham Michael T. , Jain Parag N. , Schwarz Adam J. , Lutfi Riad , Nowak Jeffrey , Thomas Neal J. , Quasney Michael , Haileselassie Bereketeab , Baines Torrey D. , Zingarelli Basilia ,   for the Genomics of Pediatric Septic Shock Investigators
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Endothelial activation is a key driver of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Soluble endoglin (sENG) is expressed by mature and progenitor endothelial cells and thought to have angiogenic properties. We sought to determine the association between sENG and pediatric sepsis associated MODS.

Methods
Prospective observational study of pediatric septic shock. Primary outcome of interest was complicated course -a composite of death by (or) MODS on day 7 of illness. Secondary outcomes included individual organ dysfunctions. Endothelial biomarkers including sENG were measured using multiplex Luminex assays among patients with existing data on pediatric sepsis biomarker risk model data (PERSEVERE-II). Multivariable regression was used to test the independent association between sENG and clinical outcomes. Serum sENG concentrations across PERSEVERE-II mortality risk strata and correlations with established markers of endothelial dysfunction.

Results
306 critically ill children with septic shock were included. Serum sENG concentrations were higher among those with primary and secondary outcomes of interest, with the exception of acute neurological dysfunction. sENG was independently associated with increased odds of complicated course [adj OR 1.53 (95% CI: 1.02-2.27), p = 0.038] and acute renal dysfunction [adj OR 1.84 (95%CI: 1.18-2.876), p = 0.006]. sENG demonstrated graded responses across PERSEVERE-II risk strata and was positively correlated with endothelial biomarkers, except Angiopoietin-1.

Conclusions
Serum soluble endoglin is independently associated with complicated course and acute renal dysfunction in pediatric septic shock. Future studies are required to validate our observational data and mechanistic studies are necessary to elucidate whether endoglin plays a organ-specific role in development or resolution of acute renal dysfunction in sepsis.
Perioperative Outcomes of Vesicovaginal Fistula Repair by Surgical Approach
Authors: Jefferson Francis A. , Hanson Kristine T. , Robinson Maraika O. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Madsen Annetta M. , Gebhart John B. , Linder Brian J. 
Published: July 2023

Importance
Data comparing perioperative outcomes between transvaginal, transabdominal, and laparoscopic/robotic vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) repair are limited but are important for surgical planning and patient counseling.

Objective
This study aimed to assess perioperative morbidity of VVF repair performed via various approaches.

Study Design
The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify women who underwent transvaginal, transabdominal, or laparoscopic/robotic VVF repair from 2009 to 2020. Associations of surgical approach with baseline characteristics, blood transfusion, prolonged hospitalization (>4 days), and 30-day outcomes (any major or minor complication or return to the operating room) were evaluated with χ2, Fisher exact, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the adjusted association of approach with 30-day complications and prolonged hospitalization.

Results
Overall, 449 women underwent VVF repair, including 252 transvaginal (56.1%), 148 transabdominal (33.0%), and 49 laparoscopic/robotic procedures (10.9%). Abdominal repair was associated with a longer length of hospitalization (median, 3 days vs 1 day transvaginal and laparoscopic/robotic; P < 0.001), higher risk of prolonged length of stay (abdominal, 21.1%; transvaginal, 4.0%; laparoscopic/robotic, 2.0%; P < 0.001), major complications (abdominal, 4.7%; transvaginal, 0.8%; laparoscopic/robotic, 0.0%; P = 0.03), and perioperative transfusion (abdominal, 5.0%; transvaginal, 0.0%; laparoscopic/robotic, 2.1%; P = 0.01). On multivariable analysis, the abdominal approach was independently associated with an increased risk of prolonged hospitalization compared with laparoscopic/robotic (odds ratio, 12.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.63–93.21; P = 0.02) and transvaginal (odds ratio, 6.09; 95% confidence interval, 2.87–12.92; P < 0.001) but not with major/minor complications (P = 0.76).

Conclusion
Transvaginal and laparoscopic/robotic approaches to VVF repair are associated with lower rates of prolonged hospitalization, major complications, and readmission compared with a transabdominal approach.
Vesicouterine Fistula After Cesarean Delivery at Full Cervical Dilation
Authors: Bulfoni Alessandro , Bonavina Giulia , Acerboni Stefano , Schirripa Irene , Casale Paolo , Busnelli Andrea 
Published: July 2023

Importance
Vesicouterine fistula (VUF) is an iatrogenic consequence of cesarean section in the vast majority of cases. The worldwide increase of cesarean delivery rates is likely to be accompanied by a rise of this complication, and surgery is the mainstay treatment.

Objective
The aim of the study is to assess current evidence on VUF pathogenesis and management.

Study Design
The study is a case report and literature review on PubMed and Embase spanning over the past 2 decades.

Results
An early VUF developed after a cesarean section at full cervical dilation and concurrent incidental bladder injury. A transabdominal extravesical repair was performed 3 months after cesarean delivery. Both the cystotomy and hysterotomy were repaired in a double-layer fashion with no interposition flap. A contemporary literature review including 25 patients showed that VUF was repaired transabdominally in 21 patients (84%), and an open approach was adopted in 18 patients (85.7%). In most patients, the uterine side was closed with a single-layer suture and an interposition flap was used to reinforce the repair. Concomitant hysterectomy was performed in 6 patients (24%). Overall, successful term pregnancies were reported in 2 patients after VUF repair.

Conclusions
Vesicouterine fistula is a rare event and is commonly associated with cesarean sections, especially those with a concurrent bladder injury. Careful and meticulous surgical technique may prevent the occurrence of this condition. Delayed repair and double-layer closure of both bladder and uterus, with or without an interposition flap, are recommended.
Familial risk of postpartum psychosis
Authors: Kępińska Adrianna P. , Robakis Thalia K. , Humphreys Keith , Liu Xiaoqin , Kahn René S. , Munk-Olsen Trine , Bergink Veerle , Mahjani Behrang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivePostpartum psychosis, a mood disorder triggered by childbirth, is one of the most severe psychiatric conditions, with high risks of suicide and infanticide if untreated. While it is evident that genetic factors play a crucial role in disorder risk, the exact extent of their importance is yet to be determined.MethodsThis cohort study consisted of 1,648,759 women from the Swedish nationwide registers, of whom 2,514 (0.15%) experienced postpartum psychosis within three months of their first-ever childbirth. We estimated the relative recurrence risk of postpartum psychosis for female full siblings and cousins as a measure of familial, genetic, and environmental risk.ResultsRelative recurrence risk of postpartum psychosis in full siblings was 10.69 (95% CI=6.60–16.26) when adjusted for year of and age at childbirth. Although cousins showed an elevated relative recurrence risk, these results did not reach statistical significance (1.78, 95% CI=0.70–3.62). Despite the higher familial risk of postpartum psychosis among full siblings, the absolute risk for women with an affected sibling is relatively low, estimated at 1.55% within the entire population.ConclusionsThe observed increased risk of postpartum psychosis in full siblings suggests both genetic and shared environmental influences. However, the lack of significant results in cousins hampers a definitive distinction between these factors. Furthermore, despite increased relative recurrence risk in siblings, their overall likelihood of developing postpartum psychosis remains low. Our study underscores the need for further research to better understand the intricate interplay of genetics and environment in the development of postpartum psychosis.
Differences in lower extremity joint coordination during two landing phases of a drop jump task
Authors: Wang Jia-Wei , Liu Ye 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to compare the differences in joint coordination patterns and variability of the lower extremity between the first and second landing phases during drop jump task.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsModified vector coding technique and circular statistics was used to determine the coordination pattern and variability of the following joint couples during the first and second landings: hip frontal-knee frontal (HfKf), hip sagittal-knee frontal (HsKf), hip sagittal-knee sagittal (HsKs), knee frontal-ankle frontal (KfAf), knee sagittal-ankle frontal (KsAf), and knee sagittal-ankle sagittal (KsAs).ResultsThe second landing phase exhibited a reduction in the in-phase coordination proportion of HsKs, KfAf, and KsAs, while demonstrating an increase in the proportion of proximal knee joint coordination for KfAf and KsAs (P<0.05). The second landing phase demonstrated increased coordination variability for HsKs, KfAf, KsAf.ConclusionThe execution of the drop jump leads to changes in joint coordination patterns during the second landing phase, resulting in increased variability compared to the first landing phase, thereby elevating the risk of knee and ankle injuries.
Conduction Velocity, G-ratio, and Extracellular Water as Microstructural Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Newman Benjamin T. , Jacokes Zachary , Venkadesh Siva , Webb Sara J. , Kleinhans Natalia M. , McPartland James C. , Druzgal T. Jason , Pelphrey Kevin A. , Van Horn John Darrell ,   the GENDAAR Research Consortium
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe neuronal differences contributing to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are still not well defined. Previous studies have suggested that myelin and axons are disrupted during development in ASD. By combining structural and diffusion MRI techniques, myelin and axons can be assessed using extracellular water, aggregate g-ratio, and a novel metric termed aggregate conduction velocity, which is related to the capacity of the axon to carry information. In this study, several innovative cellular microstructural methods, as measured from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are combined to characterize differences between ASD and typically developing adolescent participants in a large cohort. We first examine the relationship between each metric, including microstructural measurements of axonal and intracellular diffusion and the T1w/T2w ratio. We then demonstrate the sensitivity of these metrics by characterizing differences between ASD and neurotypical participants, finding widespread increases in extracellular water in the cortex and decreases in aggregate g-ratio and aggregate conduction velocity throughout the cortex, subcortex, and white matter skeleton. We finally provide evidence that these microstructural differences are associated with higher scores on the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) a commonly used diagnostic tool to assess ASD. This study is the first to reveal that ASD involves MRI-measurablein vivodifferences of myelin and axonal development with implications for neuronal and behavioral function. We also introduce a novel neuroimaging metric, aggregate conduction velocity, that is highly sensitive to these changes. We conclude that ASD may be characterized by otherwise intact structural connectivity but that functional connectivity may be attenuated by network properties affecting neural transmission speed. This effect may explain the putative reliance on local connectivity in contrast to more distal connectivity observed in ASD.
Quantifying Microbial Guilds
Authors: Rivas-Santisteban Juan , Yubero Pablo , Robaina-Estévez Semidán , González José M. , Tamames Javier , Pedrós-Alió Carlos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe ecological role of microorganisms is of utmost importance due to their multiple interactions with the environment. However, assessing the contribution of individual taxonomic groups has proven difficult despite the availability of high throughput data, hindering our understanding of such complex systems. Here, we propose a quantitative definition of guild that is readily applicable to metagenomic data. Our framework focuses on the functional character of protein sequences, as well as their diversifying nature. First, we discriminate functional sequences from the whole sequence space corresponding to a gene annotation to then quantify their contribution to the guild composition across environments. In addition, we identify and distinguish functional implementations, which are sequence spaces that have different ways of carrying out the function. We demonstrate the value of our approach with two case studies: theammonia oxidationandpolyamine uptakeguilds from the Malaspina circumnavigation cruise, revealing novel ecological dynamics of the latter in marine ecosystems. Thus, the quantification of guilds helps to assess the functional role of different taxonomic groups with profound implications on the study of microbial communities.
Mechanotransduction governs CD40 function and underlies X-linked Hyper IgM syndrome
Authors: Choi Hyun-Kyu , Travaglino Stefano , Münchhalfen Matthias , Görg Richard , Zhong Zhe , Lyu Jintian , Reyes-Aguilar David M. , Wienands Jürgen , Singh Ankur , Zhu Cheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractB cell maturation in germinal centers (GCs) depends on cognate interactions between the T and B cells. Upon interaction with CD40 ligand (CD40L) on T cells, CD40 delivers co-stimulatory signals alongside B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling to regulate affinity maturation and antibody class-switch during GC reaction. Mutations in CD40L disrupt interactions with CD40, which lead to abnormal antibody responses in immune deficiencies known as X-linked Hyper IgM syndrome (X-HIgM). Assuming that physical interactions between highly mobile T and B cells generate mechanical forces on CD40–CD40L bonds, we set out to study the B cell mechanobiology mediated by CD40–CD40L interaction. Using a suite of biophysical assays we find that CD40 forms catch bond with CD40L where the bond lasts longer at larger forces, B cells exert tension on CD40–CD40L bonds, and force enhances CD40 signaling and antibody class-switch. Significantly, X-HIgM CD40L mutations impair catch bond formation, suppress endogenous tension, and reduce force-enhanced CD40 signaling, leading to deficiencies in antibody class switch. Our findings highlight the critical role of mechanotransduction in CD40 function and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying X-HIgM syndrome.