bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of tumour-treating fields (TTFields) therapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma in Japanese patients using the Novo-TTF System: a prospective post-approval study
Authors: Nishikawa Ryo , Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Arakawa Yoshiki , Muragaki Yoshihiro , Narita Yoshitaka , Tanaka Shota , Yamaguchi Shigeru , Mukasa Akitake , Kanamori Masayuki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Tumour-treating fields therapy is a locoregional, anti-cancer treatment. Efficacy and safety of tumour-treating fields therapy in adults with newly diagnosed glioblastoma were demonstrated in the pivotal phase 3 EF-14 study (NCT00916409). Here, we report post-approval data of tumour-treating fields therapy in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Methods
Unsolicited post-marketing surveillance data from Japanese patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma treated with tumour-treating fields therapy (December 2016–June 2020) were retrospectively analysed. The primary endpoints were skin, neurological and psychiatric adverse events. The secondary endpoints were 1- and 2-year overall survival rates, and the 6-month progression-free survival. adverse events were analysed using MedDRA v24.0. The overall survival and progression-free survival were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis (log-rank testing). The Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were also performed.

Results
Forty patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma were enrolled (62.5% male; median age 59 years; median baseline Karnofsky Performance Scale score 90). The most common tumour-treating-fields-therapy-related adverse event was beneath-array local skin reaction (60% of patients). The adverse events were mostly mild to moderate in severity. Neurological disorders were observed in 2.5% patients (one patient reported dysesthesia). No psychiatric disorders were reported. The 1- and 2-year overall survival rates were 77.9% (95% CI 60.6–88.3) and 53.6% (35.5–68.7%), respectively. The 6-month progression-free survival was 77.5% (61.2–87.6%). These survival rates compare favourably with those in the EF-14 trial (1- and 2-year overall survival rates: 73% [69–77%] and 43% [39–48%], respectively; 6-month progression-free survival rate: 56% (51–61%).

Conclusion
This post-approval, real-world evidence study revealed no new safety signals and suggests the safety and efficacy of tumour-treating fields therapy in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
A novel salivary effector, BtE3, is essential for whitefly performance on host plants
Authors: Peng Zhengke , Su Qi , Ren Jun , Tian Lixia , Zeng Yang , Yang Yuting , Wang Shaoli , Xie Wen , Wu Qingjun , Li Zhenyu , Zhang Youjun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a piercing-sucking herbivore that reduces the yields of crops both by feeding on plants and transmitting plant viruses. Like most plant feeders, B. tabaci has evolved ways to avoid plant defence responses. For example, B. tabaci is known to secrete salivary effectors to suppress host defences. However, the nature of B. tabaci effectors is not completely understood. In this study, we used B. tabaci genomic and salivary gland transcriptomic data and an overexpression system to identify a previously unknown B. tabaci salivary effector, BtE3. BtE3 is specifically expressed in the head (containing primary salivary glands) and is secreted into hosts during B. tabaci feeding. In planta overexpression of BtE3 blocked Burkholderia glumae-induced hypersensitive response (HR) in both Nicotiana benthamiana and Solanum lycopersicum. Silencing of BtE3 by plant-mediated RNAi prevented B. tabaci from continuously ingesting phloem sap, and reduced B. tabaci survival and fecundity. Moreover, overexpression of BtE3 in planta up-regulated the salicylic acid- (SA-) signalling pathway, but suppressed the downstream jasmonic acid- (JA-) mediated defences. Taken together, these results indicate that BtE3 is a B. tabaci-specific novel effector involved in B. tabaci-plant interactions. These findings increase our understanding of B. tabaci effectors and suggest novel strategies for B. tabaci pest management.
eRASSt J074426.3 + 291606: prompt accretion disc formation in a ‘faint and slow’ tidal disruption event
Authors: Malyali A , Liu Z , Merloni A , Rau A , Buchner J , Ciroi S , Di Mille F , Grotova I , Dwelly T , Nandra K , Salvato M , Homan D , Krumpe M 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTWe report on multiwavelength observations of the tidal disruption event (TDE) candidate eRASSt J074426.3 + 291606 (J0744), located in the nucleus of a previously quiescent galaxy at z = 0.0396. J0744 was first detected as a new, ultra-soft X-ray source (photon index ∼4) during the second SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS2), where it had brightened in the 0.3–2 keV band by a factor of more than ∼160 relative to an archival 3σ upper limit inferred from a serendipitous Chandra pointing in 2011. The transient was also independently found in the optical by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), with the eRASS2 detection occurring only ∼20 d after the peak optical brightness, suggesting that the accretion disc formed promptly in this TDE. Continued X-ray monitoring over the following ∼400 d by eROSITA, NICER XTI and Swift XRT showed a net decline by a factor of ∼100, albeit with large amplitude X-ray variability where the system fades, and then rebrightens, in the 0.3–2 keV band by a factor ∼50 during an 80-d period. Contemporaneous Swift UVOT observations during this extreme X-ray variability reveal a relatively smooth decline, which persists over ∼400 d post-optical peak. The peak observed optical luminosity (absolute g-band magnitude ∼−16.8 mag) from this transient makes J0744 the faintest optically detected TDE observed to date. However, contrasting the known set of ‘faint and fast’ TDEs, the optical emission from J0744 decays slowly (exponential decay time-scale ∼120 d), making J0744 the first member of a potential new class of ‘faint and slow’ TDEs.
Reverberation of pulsar wind nebulae – II. Anatomy of the ‘thin-shell’ evolution
Authors: Bandiera R , Bucciantini N , Martín J , Olmi B , Torres D F 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
During its early evolution, a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) sweeps the inner part of the supernova ejecta and forms a thin massive shell. Later on, when the shell has been reached by the reverse shock of the supernova remnant, the evolution becomes more complex, in most cases reverting the expansion into a compression: this later phase is called ‘reverberation’. Computations done so far to understand this phase have been mostly performed in the thin-shell approximation, where the evolution of the PWN radius is assimilated to that of the swept-up shell under the effect of both the inner pressure from the PWN, and the outer pressure from the supernova remnant. Despite the thin-shell approach seems rather justifiable, its implementations have so far been inaccurate, and its correctness, never tested. The outer pressure was naively assumed to be scaled according to the Sedov solution (or a constant fraction of it) along the entire evolution. The thin-shell assumption itself fails along the process, being the shell no longer thin in comparison with the size of the PWN. Here, through a combination of numerical models, dimensional arguments, and analytical approximations, we present a detailed analysis of the interaction of the PWN with the supernova remnant. We provide a new analytical approximation of the outer pressure, beyond the Sedov solution, and a revised ‘thin-shell’ able to reproduce results from numerical simulations. Finally, we compute the efficiency by which the PWN is compressed during reverberation over a wide population of sources.
Automated classification of eclipsing binary systems in the VVV Survey
Authors: Daza-Perilla I V , Gramajo L V , Lares M , Palma T , Ferreira Lopes C E , Minniti D , Clariá J J 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
With the advent of large-scale photometric surveys of the sky, modern science witnesses the dawn of big data astronomy, where automatic handling and discovery are paramount. In this context, classification tasks are among the key capabilities a data reduction pipeline must possess in order to compile reliable data sets, to accomplish data processing with an efficiency level impossible to achieve by means of detailed processing and human intervention. The VISTA Variables of the Vía Láctea Survey, in the southern part of the Galactic disc, comprises multiepoch photometric data necessary for the potential discovery of variable objects, including eclipsing binary systems (EBs). In this study, we use a recently published catalogue of one hundred EBs, classified by fine-tuning theoretical models according to contact, detached, or semidetached classes belonging to the tile d040 of the VVV. We describe the method implemented to obtain a supervised machine-learning model, capable of classifying EBs using information extracted from the light curves of variable object candidates in the phase space from tile d078. We also discuss the efficiency of the models, the relative importance of the features and the future prospects to construct an extensive data base of EBs in the VVV survey.
Quantifying the global ‘CMB tension’ between the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Planck satellite in extended models of cosmology
Authors: Di Valentino Eleonora , Giarè William , Melchiorri Alessandro , Silk Joseph 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We study the global agreement between the most recent observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropies angular power spectra released by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Planck satellite in various cosmological models that differ by the inclusion of different combinations of additional parameters. By using the Suspiciousness statistic, we show that the global ‘CMB tension’ between the two experiments, quantified at the Gaussian equivalent level of $\sim 2.5\, \sigma$ within the baseline Lambda cold dark matter, is reduced at the level of 1.8σ when the effective number of relativistic particles (Neff) is significantly less than the standard value, while it ranges between $2.3\, \sigma$ and $3.5\, \sigma$ in all the other extended models.
Faraday rotation measure variations of repeating fast radio burst sources
Authors: Yang Yuan-Pei , Xu Siyao , Zhang Bing 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Recently, some fast radio burst (FRB) repeaters were reported to exhibit complex, diverse variations of Faraday rotation measures (RMs), which implies that they are surrounded by an inhomogeneous, dynamically evolving, magnetized environment. We systematically investigate some possible astrophysical processes that may cause RM variations of an FRB repeater. The processes include (1) a supernova remnant (SNR) with a fluctuating medium; (2) a binary system with stellar winds from a massive/giant star companion or stellar flares from a low-mass star companion; (3) a pair plasma medium from a neutron star (including pulsar winds, pulsar wind nebulae, and magnetar flares); (4) outflows from a massive black hole. For the SNR scenario, a large relative RM variation within a few years requires that the SNR is young with a thin and local anisotropic shell, or the size of dense gas clouds in interstellar/circumstellar medium around the SNR is extremely small. If the RM variation is caused by the companion medium in a binary system, it is more likely from the stellar winds of a massive/giant star companion. The RM variation contributed by stellar flares from a low-mass star is disfavored, because this scenario predicts an extremely large relative RM variation during a short period of time. The scenarios invoking a pair plasma from a neutron star can be ruled out due to their extremely low RM contributions. Outflows from a massive black hole could provide a large RM variation if the FRB source is in the vicinity of the black hole.
The Epiphany of Saudi Law
Authors: Mallat Chibli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The chapter starts with the difficulty for a Saudi citizen, up until the early 21st century, to find what law is. It underlines the acceleration of statutory enactment circa 2000, and the publication of case law starting in 2007. It notes the absence of legislation in the classical age and provides some possible explanations both in the larger Islamic context and in the specific Saudi case. It then describes the accelerated enactment of laws and the systematic publication of collections of case law: the Mudawwana in 2007, the two Ahkam series of 2013–15, together with the extensive discussion by the respective Ministers of justice overseeing their publication; the Diwan al-mazalem separate jurisdiction, the commercial courts and the Supreme court; as well as special committees and boards.
The First Principle
Authors: Magri Tito 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The First Principle individuates the conditions and limits of object representation, as realized in human cognitive nature. The principle depends on the ontology of perceptions, impressions, and ideas, as qualitatively individuated mental particulars. Perceptions figure in Hume’s philosophy both for their mental existence and for their contents. The different conceptual roles and the naturally necessary joint instantiation of these two aspects are crucial for Hume’s explanations. Mental existence is contingent, consisting in causal relations among perceptions. Content individuates impressions as equivalent to sensible objects. By the First Principle, object representation is only by ideas caused by impressions of sensation and exactly resembling them. The actuality of objects is represented not by an element of content but by a mode of conception. The First Principle is also the basis for Hume’s views about reference and truth. Hume uses it is a critical tool but aiming to taxonomy rather than exclusion.
A Botched-Up Succession Plan
Authors: Palekar Srilatha , Pardhi Arun , Jindal Sunanda 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
When transfer of managerial authority is not accompanied by ownership change, the predecessor continues to call the shots. In all the excitement generated by the recent events in the Tata group, where the chairman was replaced by his predecessor—albeit as an interim measure—the real issue has gone into hiding. A substantial focus of the discussions and comments from the press, observers, and experts has been on procedures and personalities. Whether the incumbent chairman was given adequate notice about his removal and whether he was given a chance to argue his case is no doubt relevant questions to assess the fairness of the decision. But these questions speak to the procedural issues surrounding corporate governance. The other widely discussed question is about the differing perspectives and the positions taken by the incumbent and the predecessor. But if one were to seriously search for the root cause of this issue, it is possible to recognize the elephant in the room—ineffective succession planning and implementation. Succession planning is one issue that not many business organizations have handled well. While it can be quite challenging and tricky in family—owned and managed companies, we also have examples of other companies promoted by professionals struggling in this area. What comes in the way of highly reputed and sensible business leaders delivering on this inevitable but crucial mandate given to them in their role as business leaders and owners?
Spatiotemporal formation of the large vacuole regulated by the BIN2-VLG module is required for female gametophyte development in Arabidopsis
Authors: Hu Li-Qin , Yu Shi-Xia , Xu Wan-Yue , Zu Song-Hao , Jiang Yu-Tong , Shi Hao-Tian , Zhang Yan-Jie , Xue Hong-Wei , Wang Ying-Xiang , Lin Wen-Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn Arabidopsis thaliana, female gametophyte (FG) development is accompanied by the formation and expansion of the large vacuole in the FG; this is essential for FG expansion, nuclear polar localization, and cell fate determination. Arabidopsis VACUOLELESS GAMETOPHYTES (VLG) facilitates vesicular fusion to form large vacuole in the FG, but the regulation of VLG remains largely unknown. Here, we found that gain-of-function mutation of BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2) (bin2-1) increases VLG abundance to induce the vacuole formation at stage FG1, and leads to abortion of FG. Loss-of-function mutation of BIN2 and its homologs (bin2-3 bil1 bil2) reduced VLG abundance and mimicked vlg/VLG phenotypes. Knocking down VLG in bin2-1 decreased the ratio of aberrant vacuole formation at stage FG1, whereas FG1-specific overexpression of VLG mimicked the bin2-1 phenotype. VLG partially rescued the bin2-3 bil1 bil2 phenotype, demonstrating that VLG acts downstream of BIN2. Mutation of VLG residues that are phosphorylated by BIN2 altered VLG stability and a phosphorylation mimic of VLG causes similar defects as did bin2-1. Therefore, BIN2 may function by interacting with and phosphorylating VLG in the FG to enhance its stability and abundance, thus facilitating vacuole formation. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into how the BIN2-VLG module regulates the spatiotemporal formation of the large vacuole in FG development.
Does Scientific Evidence Support the Widespread Use of SQFs as a Proactive Policing Strategy?
Authors: Weisburd David , Petersen Kevin , Fay Sydney 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The use of pedestrian stops, commonly known as SQFs (Stop, Question, and Frisk), has been one of the most common yet controversial proactive strategies in modern policing. In this paper, we report on a recently completed Campbell Collaboration Systematic Review that allows us to answer key policy questions about the use of SQFs in policing. Is there convincing evidence that pedestrian stops reduce crime? Are claims of negative impacts on individuals confirmed by research? And if there is evidence both of crime reductions and harmful effects, how do such costs and benefits weigh against each other? And finally, how do the impacts of pedestrian stops compare with other proactive policing strategies? Based on our review of findings, we conclude that existing scientific evidence does not support the widespread use of SQFs as a proactive policing strategy.
The nexus between research impact and sustainability assessment: From stakeholders’ perspective
Authors: Chams Nour , Guesmi Bouali , Gil José María 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A multi-criteria decision-making system based on stakeholder evaluation is performed to investigate the nexus between research impact and sustainability performance in the agro-food sector, in Spain. This study attempts to go a step further beyond the scientific assessment of research by examining its societal contribution. The empirical application is built upon the ELECTRE III methodology. Combining Evaluation theory and Stakeholder theory, the analysis facilitates the assessment of research impact with the inclusion of stakeholders’ knowledge. Four research programmes are selected from different agro-food industries representing the case studies addressed in this study. Each stakeholder performs an evaluation of the research programmes based on indicators and sub-indicators of sustainability performance. The findings reveal ranking matrices of research impact and demonstrate its implicit contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals. This study provides insights to policy-makers and practitioners and sheds light on how research evaluation accentuates the transition to sustainable agro-food sector.
Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Depression-Like Behaviors Comorbid to Chronic Neuropathic Pain via Tet1-Mediated Restoration of Adult Neurogenesis
Authors: Li Yunyun , Liu Xiaodie , Fu Qianqian , Fan Wenxiang , Shao Xiaomei , Fang Jianqiao , Liu Jing-Gen , Xu Chi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Although electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation is a widely used therapy for chronic pain and comorbid psychiatric disorders, its long-term effects on chronic neuropathic pain-induced depression and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we found that EA stimulation was able to restore adult neurogenesis in the ventral dentate gyrus (DG), by both increasing neuronal differentiation and restoring the normal morphology of newborn dendrites, in mice with spared nerve injury surgery. By ablating the Nestin+ neural stem cells (NSCs) via diphtheria toxin fragment A expression, we further proved that neurogenesis in the ventral DG was crucial to the long-term, but not the immediate antidepressant effect of EA, nor was it associated with nociception. Furthermore, we found that the restoration of neurogenesis was dependent on Tet1-mediated epigenetic modification upon EA treatment. Tet1 could bind to the promoter of the Prox1 gene, thus catalyzing its demethylation and facilitating its expression, which finally contributed to the restoration of neurogenesis and amelioration of depression-like behaviors induced by chronic neuropathic pain. Thus, we conclude that EA stimulation restores inhibited Tet1 expression in hippocampal NSCs of mice with chronic neuropathic pain, and increased Tet1 expression ameliorates hypermethylation of Prox1 and restores normal adult neurogenesis in the ventral DG, which contributes to the long-term antidepressant effect of EA.
Everything old is new again: a case series of pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis in Portland, Maine
Authors: Jubulis Jennifer , Goddard Amanda , Seiverling Elizabeth , Kimball Marc , McCarthy Carol 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Leishmaniasis has varying clinical manifestations and treatment regimens, dependent on species and host. Old world leishmaniasis, found primarily in Africa and Asia, may be associated with visceral disease, while new world disease, primarily in Latin America, may be associated with mucocutaneous disease. We present a case series of pediatric African patients with New World cutaneous leishmaniasis. Data extraction was performed via chart review, of children with cutaneous leishmaniasis presenting to the pediatric infectious diseases clinic in Portland, ME. Biopsy specimens were sent to the federal center for disease control (CDC) for identification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture. Five cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were diagnosed in pediatric patients (ages 1–17 years) in Maine during the study period. Leishmaniasis was not initially suspected; thus, time to diagnosis was 1–4 months, Two patients were diagnosed with Leishmania panamensis, one with Leishmania brasiliensis, one with Leishmania sp. and one with mixed infection (L. panamensis and Leishmania mexicana). One patient was managed with surgical excision only, one was observed off therapy, and three were treated with ketoconazole. This case series highlights the importance of a high index of suspicion in migrant patients. Detailed travel history and epidemiologic knowledge is essential to diagnosis, as patients may present with forms of illness not congruent with their country of origin.