bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on service delivery and treatment outcomes in people living with HIV: a systematic review
Authors: SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Mirzapour Pegah , Pashaei Zahra , Afzalian Arian , Tantuoyir Marcarious M. , Salmani Roghayeh , Maroufi Seyed Farzad , Paranjkhoo Parinaz , Maroufi Seyede Parmis , Badri Hajar , Varshochi Sanaz , Vahedi Farzin , Mehraeen Esmaeil , Dadras Omid 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID-19 epidemic and various control and mitigation measures to combat the widespread outbreak of the disease may affect other parts of health care systems. There is a concern that the COVID-19 pandemic could disrupt HIV services. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on service delivery and treatment outcomes in people with HIV.MethodsIn this study, a systematic search was conducted using the keywords in the online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. The retrieved articles underwent a two-step title/abstract and full-text review process, and the eligible papers were selected and included in the qualitative synthesis.ResultWe selected 16 studies out of 529 retrieved records that met the inclusion criteria for this review. Study populations of the selected studies were either HIV-positive patients or HIV clinics and healthcare providers. Most studies were focused on adhering to and obtaining medication and attending clinical appointments and their decrement during the pandemic. Other aspects of HIV care (alternative healthcare settings, viral suppression, psychological care, etc.) were discussed to a lesser extent by the included studies.ConclusionInterruption in in-person visits and medical follow-up services, loss of adherence to treatment, and subsequent increase in mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic complications in PLHIV have led to growing concerns. Other challenges were psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression, an increase in substance abuse, and a rise in experienced stigma and discrimination. However, the use of telemedicine in some countries helps to alleviate the situation to some extent and is recommended in similar settings in the future.
Faculty, staff, and student perceptions of substance use disorder stigma in health profession training programs: a quantitative study
Authors: Barenie Rachel E. , Cernasev Alina , Heidel R. Eric , Stewart Steven , Hohmeier Kenneth 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearch indicates that stigma impacts the care provided to individuals with Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), but perceptions of SUDs in various healthcare training programs are not well known. We aimed to characterize perceptions of faculty, staff, and students about SUD stigma in professional healthcare training programs.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of faculty, staff, and students employed at or enrolled in one of six health-related colleges at one Mid-South health science center in the United States, including medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, nursing, health professions, and graduate health sciences. Data collection occurred between February and March 2021. We used descriptive and frequency statistics to assess the constructs within the survey instrument.ResultsA total of 572 respondents participated in this study (response rate = 9%; students,n = 428, 75%; faculty,n = 107, 19%; staff,n = 32, 6%). Most respondents reported interacting with persons with a SUD, cited challenges with the interaction, and perceived SUDs to be mental health condition (n = 463) or biological disease (n = 326). Most respondents believed that their college: emphasizes learning about SUDs; promotes an accurate perception of SUDs; and fosters respect for persons with. Few respondents reported they hear faculty, staff, or students express negative comments about persons with SUDs, but they were sometimes expressed by students.ConclusionsMost faculty, staff, and students reported experiencing challenges when interacting with a person with a SUD, mainly communication, but few recalled hearing negative comments from their peers. Whether interventions tailored towards improving communication in academic healthcare training settings could minimize challenges experience by faculty, staff, and students when serving individuals with SUDs should be further evaluated.
Preliminary outcomes following revision total knee arthroplasty using a new fixed-bearing revision knee system in Asians: a mean of 3-year follow-up
Authors: Shon Oog-Jin , Kim Gi Beom , Kim Hyuck Goo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the early outcomes of the new semi-constrained revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) system by performing subgroup analysis according to the revision cause.

Materials and methods
From August 2019 to July 2020, 83 revision TKAs using the fixed-bearing Attune® revision knee system with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were retrospectively reviewed. Clinically, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and range of motion (ROM) were evaluated. The incidence of systemic and specific postoperative complications was investigated. Each cohort was divided into septic (group A, 34 patients) and aseptic mode (group B, 41 patients), and compared to assess the outcomes.

Results
The mean age at the time of revision was 73.3 years (range 59.0 to 84.0 years), and the follow-up duration was 36.1 months (range 30.0 to 40.0 months). Clinical outcomes and ROM significantly improved at last follow-up (p < 0.001). Group A showed statistically inferior clinical outcomes in the last follow-up compared to group B. Four knees (5.3%) had a postoperative femoral joint line elevation of more than 5 mm. There were no serious systemic complications. One patient underwent re-revision TKA due to recurrence of infection. No stem tip impingement or cortical erosion was observed in all patients.

Conclusions
Revision TKAs using a new semi-constrained revision system showed favorable short-term follow-up outcomes, with improvement in clinical scores and ROM. Moreover, by using stem offsets, no postoperative stem tip impingement or cortical erosion was found.

Level of evidence
Level IV, Retrospective Case Series.
The German version of the neurofibromatosis 2 impact on quality of life questionnaire correlates with severity of depression and physician-reported disease severity
Authors: Lawson McLean Anna Cecilia , Freier Anna , Lawson McLean Aaron , Kruse Johannes , Rosahl Steffen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a rare genetic disease that causes a wide range of disabilities leading to compromised quality of life (QOL). There is clear need for a validated disease-specific tool to assess quality of life among German-speaking patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). The NFTI-QOL questionnaire has produced useful results in English-speaking cohorts. The aim of this study was to produce and validate a German version of the NFTI-QOL (NFTI-QOL-D) and to correlate QOL scores with a depression score (PHQ-9) and clinical disease severity.

Methods
The original English-language NFTI-QOL was translated into German and then back-translated in order to preserve the questionnaire’s original concepts and intentions. A link to an online survey encompassing the NFTI-QOL-D and the PHQ-9 depression questionnaire was then sent to 97 patients with NF2 by email. The respondents’ scores were compared to clinician-reported disease severity scores.

Results
77 patients completed the online survey in full. Internal reliability among NFTI-QOL-D responses was strong (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.74). Both PHQ-9 and clinician disease severity scores correlated with NFTI-QOL-D scores (Pearson’s rho 0.63 and 0.62, respectively).

Conclusions
The NFTI-QOL-D is a reliable and useful tool to assess patient-reported QOL in German-speaking patients with NF2. The correlation of QOL with both psychological and physical disease parameters underlines the importance of individualized interdisciplinary patient care for NF2 patients, with attention paid to mental well-being as well as to somatic disease manifestations.
ODs with a positive TPR conclusion, not subject to a conditional approval, and approved without requiring a PASS would be more likely to be reimbursed in Spain
Authors: Poveda José Luis , Gómez Claudia , Gil Alicia , Badia Xavier 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study aims to assess clinical and regulatory variables that would influence pricing and reimbursement (P&R) decisions for Orphan Drugs (ODs) in Spain. ODs approved by the European Commission (EC) between 2006 and 2021 were classified according to their P&R status in Spain: approved, undergoing decision and rejected. A statistical analysis was carried out to assess the potential association between clinical and regulatory variables and P&R decision of ODs in Spain: therapeutic area, rarity of disease, existence of alternative therapies, availability of survival-related outcomes, safety profile, type of population, conditional approval status granted by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and a positive Therapeutic Positioning Report (TPR) opinion.

Results
111 ODs have been approved by the EC and have obtained marketing authorisation in Spain between 2006 and 2021. Out of the 111 ODs, 57 (51.4%) were reimbursed, 24 (21.6%) were undergoing decision and 30 (27%) were rejected. According to the statistical analysis, ODs with a positive TPR conclusion (p-value < 0.01), not subject to a conditional approval by the EMA (p-value < 0.05) and approved without the obligation to conduct a post-authorisation safety study (PASS) (p-value < 0.05), were statistically significant, and therefore, would be more likely to obtain P&R approval in Spain.

Conclusions
This study shows that the TPR plays a key role in the P&R process in Spain and highlights that traditional evaluation tools, such us safety and efficacy, were the main drivers of P&R decisions for ODs. A positive conclusion of the TPR, non-conditional approval by the EMA and no obligation for a PASS seems to favourably affect P&R decisions in Spain.
Overexpression the BnLACS9 could increase the chlorophyll and oil content in Brassica napus
Authors: Zhu Keming , Li Nannan , Zheng Xiangfeng , Sarwar Rehman , Li Yulong , Cao Jun , Wang Zheng , Tan Xiaoli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Chlorophyll is a very important pigment involved in photosynthesis, while plant acyl-CoA biosynthesis is derived from plastid-localized fatty acids (FAs). Until now, the regulation of the acyl-CoA pathway for chlorophyll biosynthesis is still unknown.

Results
Here, we identified a long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (LACS) gene BnLACS9 from Brassica napus. BnLACS9 complemented a LACS-deficient yeast strain YB525, which indicated that BnLACS9 has the LACS function. BnLACS9 was localized in the chloroplast envelope membrane, while mainly expressed in young leaves and flowers. Overexpression of BnLACS9 in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in an increase in total CoA and MGDG content. In B. napus with overexpression of BnLACS9, the number of chloroplast grana lamellae and the chlorophyll content, as well as the MGDG and DGDG contents, increased compared to wild type. The net photosynthetic rate, dry weight of the entire plant and oil content of seeds increased significantly, accompanied by an increase in chlorophyll content. Transcriptome analysis revealed that overexpression of BnLACS9 improved the pathway of acyl-CoA biosynthesis and further improved the enzymes in the glycolipid synthesis pathway, while acyl-CoA was the substrate for glycolipid synthesis. The increased glycolipids, especially MGDG and DGDG, accelerated the formation of the chloroplast grana lamellae, which increased the number of chloroplast thylakoid grana lamella and further lead to increased chlorophyll content.

Conclusions
In the present study, we demonstrated that BnLACS9 played a crucial role in glycolipids and chlorophyll biosynthesis in B. napus. The results also provide a new direction and theoretical basis for the improvement of the agronomic traits of plants.
Dementia and psychotropic medications are associated with significantly higher mortality in geriatric patients hospitalized with COVID-19: data from the StockholmGeroCovid project
Authors: Secnik Juraj , Eriksdotter Maria , Xu Hong , Annetorp Martin ,   on behalf of the SweGeroCOVID Project, Rytarowski Aleksander , Johnell Kristina , Hägg Sara , Religa Dorota 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Dementia and psychotropic medications are discussed as risk factors for severe/lethal outcome of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to explore the associations between the presence of dementia and medication use with mortality in the hospitalized and discharged patients who suffered from COVID-19.

Methods
We conducted an open-cohort observational study based on electronic patient records from nine geriatric care clinics in the larger Stockholm area, Sweden, between February 28, 2020, and November 22, 2021. In total, we identified 5122 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19, out of which 762 (14.9%) patients had concurrent dementia and 4360 (85.1%) were dementia-free. Patients’ age, sex, baseline oxygen saturation, comorbidities, and medication prescription (cardiovascular and psychotropic medication) were registered at admission. The hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of in-hospital, 30-day, 90-day, 365-day post-discharge, and overall mortality during the follow-up were obtained. Then, the associations of dementia and medication use with mortality were determined using proportional hazards regression with time since entry as a time scale.

Results
After adjustment, dementia was independently associated with 68% higher in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients compared to patients who were dementia-free at admission [HRs (95% CI) 1.68 (1.37–2.06)]. The increase was consistent post-discharge, and the overall mortality of dementia patients was increased by 59% [1.59 (1.40–1.81)]. In addition, the prescription of antipsychotic medication at hospital admission was associated with a 70% higher total mortality risk [1.70 (1.47–1.97)].

Conclusions
The clinical co-occurence of dementia and COVID-19 increases the short- and long-term risk of death, and the antipsychotics seem to further the risk increase. Our results may help identify high-risk patients in need of more specialized care when infected with COVID-19.
Self-Assembly Strategies for Graphene Oxide/Silica Nanostructures: Synthesis and Structural Analysis
Authors: Takeuchi Yuki , Ohkura Kentaro , Nishina Yuta 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nanostructured 3D silica-based materials can be designed using a low-dimensional template. Various composites composed of graphene oxide (GO) and silica have been investigated. However, to improve the performance of GO/silica nanostructure (GSN), the exploitation of the assembly method and the effect of combining GO and silica on the hybrid structure need to be elucidated. In this study, novel mesoporous GSNs were developed using two self-assembly methods: particle attaching-induced self-assembly (PAISA) and polymerization- and evaporation-induced self-assembly (PEISA). The synthesized GSNs obtained using each method were analyzed to determine the effect of combining silica with GO in each method on the porosity of GSNs. The former method introduced silica nanoparticles into GO, and aligned pores similar to the particle size were formed. In the latter method, synthesized GSN had broad mesopores, and a higher surface area derived from the silica particles randomly formed inside/outside GO layers. Both GSNs have specific surface areas close to that of the introduced silica, suggesting that the porosity of GSNs can be controlled by selecting the appropriate silica structure and its synthesis. Furthermore, GSN had a higher pore volume than silica itself, suggesting the formation of a hierarchical structure by introducing GO.
Concussion and Psychological Effects: A Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Barela Matthew , Wong Allen , Chamberlain Rachel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this article is to provide an up-to-date review of psychological changes in association with postconcussive athletes. In particular, this article focused on the symptomatology, risk factors, and treatment of psychiatric diagnoses in patients who suffered a sports-related concussion (SRC). After an extensive review of prior and current literature, there is significant evidence that demonstrates an association of changes in mood and behavior, including new or worsening symptoms of anxiety, depression, and difficulty with attention and concentration in those who are recovering from a concussion. The goal of care in these patients is to identify and treat these psychological symptoms early to have more favorable long-term outcomes. Primary treatment should focus on psychotherapy; however, other considerations may be warranted in certain cases, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for depression and tricyclic antidepressants and gabapentin for short-term cognitive symptom improvement.
Lessons learned from independent external validation of an AI tool to detect breast cancer using a representative UK data set
Authors: Cushnan Dominic , Young Kenneth C , Ward Dominic , Halling-Brown Mark D , Duffy Stephen , Given-Wilson Rosalind , Wallis Matthew G , Wilkinson Louise , Lyburn Iain , Sidebottom Richard , McAvinchey Rita , Lewis Emma B , Mackenzie Alistair , Warren Lucy M 
Published: January 2023

Objective: To pilot a process for the independent external validation of an artificial intelligence (AI) tool to detect breast cancer using data from the NHS breast screening programme (NHSBSP). Methods: A representative data set of mammography images from 26,000 women attending 2 NHS screening centres, and an enriched data set of 2054 positive cases were used from the OPTIMAM image database. The use case of the AI tool was the replacement of the first or second human reader. The performance of the AI tool was compared to that of human readers in the NHSBSP. Results: Recommendations for future external validations of AI tools to detect breast cancer are provided. The tool recalled different breast cancers to the human readers. This study showed the importance of testing AI tools on all types of cases (including non-standard) and the clarity of any warning messages. The acceptable difference in sensitivity and specificity between the AI tool and human readers should be determined. Any information vital for the clinical application should be a required output for the AI tool. It is recommended that the interaction of radiologists with the AI tool, and the effect of the AI tool on arbitration be investigated prior to clinical use. Conclusion: This pilot demonstrated several lessons for future independent external validation of AI tools for breast cancer detection. Advances in knowledge Knowledge has been gained towards best practice procedures for performing independent external validations of AI tools for the detection of breast cancer using data from the NHS Breast Screening Programme.
Evaluation of distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphyseal plate in bone age estimation with 3.0T MRI: a comparison of current methods
Authors: Has Busra , Gurses Murat Serdar , Altinsoy Hasan Baki 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Dedouit et al, Kramer et al and Vieth et al defined different staging methods over different sequences in knee MRI for bone age determination. Our study aims to examine three different methods in which the maturation stages of the knee epiphyses are evaluated by MRI in the same population, to compare the methods and results and evaluate them for some age thresholds and to discuss their applicability in forensic age estimation. Methods: In this study, 597 knee images obtained using a 3.0T MR scanner were evaluated retrospectively. The T 1 weighted and proton density-weighted sequences were evaluated by two observers. Knee bone development was staged on the femur and tibia, and descriptive statistics were calculated for each stage according to age and sex. Descriptive statistics were presented according to the age and sex of the cases, and intra- and interobserver agreements were evaluated by the κ and κw statistics obtained by the Fleiss approach. Results: Significant changes were found in stages depending on age. The intra- and interobserver agreement levels were very good (κ > 0.80) for each method. The methods of Dedouit, Kramer and Vieth can be used as an additional criteria for forensic age estimation for 14, 15, 18 and 21 year thresholds. Conclusion: Knee MRI stands out as an alternative modality for age estimation and it is necessary to prefer the method intended for the investigated age range with an individual-specific approach. Advances in knowledge: Our study stands out as the first study in which current classification methods were applied and compared in the same population for age estimation with knee MRI.
Improving image quality with deep learning image reconstruction in double-low-dose head CT angiography compared with standard dose and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction
Authors: Huang Xin , Zhao Wenzhe , Wang Geliang , Wang Yiming , Li Jianying , Li Yanshou , Zeng Qiang , Guo Jianxin 
Published: January 2023

Objective: To demonstrate similar image quality with deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) in reduced contrast medium (CM) and radiation dose (double-low-dose) head CT angiography (CTA), in comparison with standard-dose and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-Veo (ASIR-V). Methods: A prospective study was performed in 63 patients who under head CTA using 256-slice CT. Patients were randomized into either the standard-dose group (n = 38) with 40 ml of Iopromide (370 mgI ml−1 at 4.5 ml s−1); or a double-low-dose group (n = 25) with CM of 25 ml at 3.0 ml s−1. For image reconstruction, the double-low-dose group used DLIR-M and DLIR-H strength, and the standard-dose group used ASIR-V with 50% strength. The CT value and standard deviation, signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of posterior fossa, neck muscles, carotid, vertebral and middle cerebral arteries were measured. The image noise, vessel edge and structure blurring and overall image quality were assessed by using a 5-grade method. The double-low-dose group reduced CM dose by 37.5% and CT dose index by 41% compared with the standard-dose group. DLIR further reduced the standard deviation value of the middle cerebral artery and posterior fossa and provided better overall subjective image quality (p < 0.05). Conclusion: DLIR significantly reduces image noise and provides higher overall image quality in the double-low-dose CTA. Advances in knowledge It is feasible to reduce CM dose by 37.5% and volume CT dose index by 41% with the combination of 80 kVp and DLIR in head CTA. Compared with ASIR-V, DLIR further reduces image noise and achieves better image quality with reduced contrast and radiation dose.