bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain Connectivity Correlates of Cognitive Dispersion in a Healthy Middle-Aged Population: Influence of Subjective Cognitive Complaints
Authors: Mulet-Pons Lídia , Solé-Padullés Cristina , Cabello-Toscano María , Abellaneda-Pérez Kilian , Perellón-Alfonso Ruben , Cattaneo Gabriele , Solana Sánchez Javier , Alviarez-Schulze Vanessa , Bargalló Nuria , Tormos-Muñoz Josep Mª , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Bartrés-Faz David , Vaqué-Alcázar Lídia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Cognitive dispersion, representing intraindividual fluctuations in cognitive performance, is associated with cognitive decline in advanced age. We sought to elucidate sociodemographic, neuropsychological, and brain connectivity correlates of cognitive dispersion in middle age, and further consider potential influences of the severity of subjective cognitive complaints (SCC).

Methods
Five hundred and twenty healthy volunteers from the Barcelona Brain Health Initiative (aged 40–66 years; 49.6% females, 453 with magnetic resonance imaging acquisitions) were included and stratified into high and low SCC groups. Two analysis steps were undertaken: (1) for the whole sample and (2) by groups. Generalized linear models and analysis of covariance were implemented to study associations between cognitive dispersion and performance (episodic memory, speed of processing, and executive function), white matter integrity, and resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) of the default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attentional networks (DAN).

Results
Across-domain dispersion was negatively related to cognitive performance, rs-FC within the DMN, and between the DMN and the DAN, but not to white matter integrity. The rs-FC values were not explained by cognitive performance. When considering groups, the above findings were significant only for those with high SCC.

Discussion
In healthy middle-aged individuals, high cognitive dispersion was related to poorer cognition and DMN dysregulation, being these associations stronger among subjects with high SCC. The present results reinforce the interest in considering dispersion measures within neuropsychological evaluations, as they may be more sensitive to incipient age-related cognitive and functional brain changes than traditional measures of performance.
Cumulative Stress Exposure and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults: The Moderating Role of a Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: D’Amico Danielle , Alter Udi , Fiocco Alexandra J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Although chronic stress is a risk factor for poor age-related cognitive health, there is limited research that has examined how cumulative stress across the lifespan affects cognitive aging. There may also be resilience factors that minimize the effects of cumulative stress on cognitive health. Engaging in a healthy lifestyle is protective against cognitive decline and may therefore interact with cumulative stress to buffer the stress–cognition relationship. The objective of the current study was to examine the moderating role of a healthy lifestyle, comprised of physical activity, social engagement, and sleep quality, in the relationship between cumulative stress exposure (CSE) and baseline and change in cognitive performance (global cognition, episodic memory, executive function) over 9 years among 1,297 older adults in the Midlife in the United States cohort (Mage = 69.0 ± 6.4, 57.8% female).

Methods
CSE and healthy lifestyle behaviors were indexed using self-reported questionnaires at baseline, and cognitive function was assessed using a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests at baseline and follow-up.

Results
Controlling for age, sex, education, race, marital status, employment status, hypertension, diabetes, and depression, higher CSE was associated with poorer baseline performance and slower decline over time in global cognition and executive function, but not episodic memory. A healthy lifestyle did not significantly moderate the relationship between cumulative stress and cognitive function. Exploratory analyses showed a significant cumulative stress–cognition relationship among females only.

Discussion
This study lends support for a lifespan model of cognitive aging and suggests that the cognitive health consequences of stress extend beyond immediate timescales.
The Care Gap in Later Life Across European Countries
Authors: Wu Huijing , Margolis Rachel , Sheftel Mara Getz , Verdery Ashton M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Do adults without kin experience a care gap where they need help with activities of daily living but get no help from any source? We examine the prevalence of the care gap across Europe, and test whether those without partners or children substitute for their lack of close kin with help from broader networks, or whether they disproportionately experience care gaps.

Methods
Using data from the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, we estimate the care gap in 28 European countries and Israel, how it varies, and who provides help for respondents with different family structures.

Results
The care gap is substantial, with 6.1% of all respondents ages 50 and above reporting a gap. It is highest in Western and Eastern Europe and lowest in Southern Europe and Israel. Respondents without partners or children are significantly more likely to have care gaps than those with close kin. However, respondents without close kin draw more often on more diverse networks of friends and relatives and use nursing home care.

Discussion
Our study introduces the concept of the care gap and shows that although it is most common among unpartnered adults without children it is also quite common for those with immediate family. A broader network partially but not completely substitutes for care gaps among those without immediate family. Our results offer new insights into the demand for public care services in countries with diverse welfare states.
Daily Caregiving Appraisals, Future Self-Views, and Physical Activity Goals Among Adult-Daughter Dementia Caregivers
Authors: Turner Shelbie G , Hooker Karen , Chandler Kelly D , Settersten Richard A , Stawski Robert S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Caregiving dynamics may shape caregivers’ views on their own aging in ways that affect their (de)motivation to improve their current and future health and well-being. In this study, we investigated within-person associations of daily positive and negative caregiving appraisals, future self-views (physical functioning, cognitive, and overall health domains), and physical activity goal pursuit among adult-daughter dementia caregivers.

Methods
Data came from 33 middle-aged caregivers (M = 55.03) who participated in a 30-day microlongitudinal study of caregiving (N of occasions = 855). We used multilevel modeling to analyze within-person associations.

Results
Daily positive caregiving appraisals were not associated with daily future self-views. However, on days when caregivers reported higher negative caregiving appraisals, they thought more negatively about their future older selves in all domains. In turn, on days when caregivers thought more negatively about their future older selves in all domains, they reported lower physical activity goal pursuit. Future self-views in all domains mediated the association between negative caregiving appraisals and physical activity goal pursuit. Future self-views did not mediate the association between positive caregiving appraisals and physical activity goal pursuit. However, cognitive future self-views moderated the association between positive caregiving appraisals and physical activity goal pursuit.

Discussion
Results suggest that one pathway through which subjective caregiving experiences, especially negative caregiving appraisals, affect caregivers’ physical activity goal pursuit is through future self-views. Thus, this study offers a deeper theoretical understanding of caregivers’ self-regulatory health behavior and new empirical information on how caregiving might affect life-span developmental motivation.
De novo assembly of a chromosome-level reference genome for the California Scrub-Jay, Aphelocoma californica
Authors: DeRaad Devon A , Escalona Merly , Benham Phred M , Marimuthu Mohan P A , Sahasrabudhe Ruta M , Nguyen Oanh , Chumchim Noravit , Beraut Eric , Fairbairn Colin W , Seligmann William , Bowie Rauri C K , Cicero Carla , McCormack John E , Wayne Robert K 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We announce the assembly of the first de novo reference genome for the California Scrub-Jay (Aphelocoma californica). The genus Aphelocoma comprises four currently recognized species including many locally adapted populations across Mesoamerica and North America. Intensive study of Aphelocoma has revealed novel insights into the evolutionary mechanisms driving diversification in natural systems. Additional insights into the evolutionary history of this group will require continued development of high-quality, publicly available genomic resources. We extracted high molecular weight genomic DNA from a female California Scrub-Jay from northern California and generated PacBio HiFi long-read data and Omni-C chromatin conformation capture data. We used these data to generate a de novo partially phased diploid genome assembly, consisting of two pseudo-haplotypes, and scaffolded them using inferred physical proximity information from the Omni-C data. The more complete pseudo-haplotype assembly (arbitrarily designated “Haplotype 1”) is 1.35 Gb in total length, highly contiguous (contig N50 = 11.53 Mb), and highly complete (BUSCO completeness score = 97%), with comparable scaffold sizes to chromosome-level avian reference genomes (scaffold N50 = 66.14 Mb). Our California Scrub-Jay assembly is highly syntenic with the New Caledonian Crow reference genome despite ~10 million years of divergence, highlighting the temporal stability of the avian genome. This high-quality reference genome represents a leap forward in publicly available genomic resources for Aphelocoma, and the family Corvidae more broadly. Future work using Aphelocoma as a model for understanding the evolutionary forces generating and maintaining biodiversity across phylogenetic scales can now benefit from a highly contiguous, in-group reference genome.
Galactic outflow emission line profiles: evidence for dusty, radiatively driven ionized winds in Mrk 462
Authors: Flury Sophia R , Moran Edward C , Eleazer Miriam 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Over the past half century, gas outflows and winds have been observed as asymmetric emission lines in a wide range of astrophysical contexts, including galaxies and early-type stars. While P Cygni lines are modeled and understood with physically motivated profiles under the Sobolev approximation, asymmetric nebular lines are not. Previous studies of galactic outflows using nebular emission lines have made physically unjustified assumptions about the shape of the line profile. These approaches limit assessment of outflow properties and do not connect observations to the underlying physics. The physical complexity of galactic outflows requires a more robust approach. In response to this need, we present a novel profile for modeling nebular emission lines which is generalized yet physically motivated and provides insight into the underlying mechanisms of galactic outflows. To demonstrate the usefulness of this profile, we fit it to the asymmetric nebular lines observed in the nuclear region of Mrk 462, a starburst-active galactic nucleus composite galaxy. From analysis of the best-fitting profile, we conclude that the observed profile arises from a dusty radiation-pressure-driven outflow with a terminal velocity of $750\rm ~km \, s^{-1}$. This outflow, while weak by some standards, is still sufficiently strong to regulate star formation and black hole growth in the host galaxy by removing gas from the inner few kiloparsecs. Outflows like the one we observe and characterize in Mrk 462 are crucial to our understanding of episodic gas-fueled activity in galactic nuclei, which undoubtedly plays a pivotal role in galaxy evolution.
Consistent clustering and lensing of SDSS-III BOSS galaxies with an extended abundance matching formalism
Authors: Contreras Sergio , Chaves-Montero Jonás , Angulo Raul E 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Several analyses have shown that Λ cold dark matter-based models cannot jointly describe the clustering (GC) and galaxy–galaxy lensing (GGL) of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-III (SDSS-III) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), which is commonly known as the ‘lensing-is-low problem’. In this work, we show that an extension of Subhalo Abundance Matching, dubbed SHAMe, successfully solves this problem. First, we show that this model accurately reproduces the GC and GGL of a mock galaxy sample in the TNG300 hydrodynamic simulation with properties analogous to those of BOSS galaxies. Then, we switch our attention to observed BOSS galaxies at z = 0.31−0.43, and we attempt to reproduce their GC and GGL by evaluating SHAMe on two different simulations: one adopting best-fitting cosmological parameters from Planck and the other from weak gravitational lensing surveys (Low S8), where the amplitude of matter fluctuations is lower for the latter. We find excellent agreement between SHAMe predictions and observations for both cosmologies, indicating that the lensing-is-low problem originates from approximations in previous theoretical descriptions of the data. The main difference between SHAMe results in these cosmologies is the level of galaxy assembly bias, which is approximately 20 per cent and 10 per cent for Planck and Low S8, respectively. These results highlight the dangers of employing oversimplified models to analyse current large-scale structure data sets, and the need for realistic yet flexible descriptions of the galaxy–halo connection.
Absence of mitochondrial SLC25A51 enhances PARP1-dependent DNA repair by increasing nuclear NAD+ levels
Authors: Güldenpfennig Anka , Hopp Ann-Katrin , Muskalla Lukas , Manetsch Patrick , Raith Fabio , Hellweg Lars , Dördelmann Cyril , Leslie Pedrioli Deena M , Johnsson Kai , Superti-Furga Giulio , Hottiger Michael O 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Though the effect of the recently identified mitochondrial NAD+ transporter SLC25A51 on glucose metabolism has been described, its contribution to other NAD+-dependent processes throughout the cell such as ADP-ribosylation remains elusive. Here, we report that absence of SLC25A51 leads to increased NAD+ concentration not only in the cytoplasm and but also in the nucleus. The increase is not associated with upregulation of the salvage pathway, implying an accumulation of constitutively synthesized NAD+ in the cytoplasm and nucleus. This results in an increase of PARP1-mediated nuclear ADP-ribosylation, as well as faster repair of DNA lesions induced by different single-strand DNA damaging agents. Lastly, absence of SLC25A51 reduces both MMS/Olaparib induced PARP1 chromatin retention and the sensitivity of different breast cancer cells to PARP1 inhibition. Together these results provide evidence that SLC25A51 might be a novel target to improve PARP1 inhibitor based therapies by changing subcellular NAD+ redistribution.
Structures and implications of the C962R protein of African swine fever virus
Authors: Shao Zhiwei , Su Shichen , Yang Jie , Zhang Weizhen , Gao Yanqing , Zhao Xin , Zhang Yixi , Shao Qiyuan , Cao Chulei , Li Huili , Liu Hehua , Zhang Jinru , Lin Jinzhong , Ma Jinbiao , Gan Jianhua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is highly contagious and can cause lethal disease in pigs. Although it has been extensively studied in the past, no vaccine or other useful treatment against ASFV is available. The genome of ASFV encodes more than 170 proteins, but the structures and functions for the majority of the proteins remain elusive, which hindered our understanding on the life cycle of ASFV and the development of ASFV-specific inhibitors. Here, we report the structural and biochemical studies of the highly conserved C962R protein of ASFV, showing that C962R is a multidomain protein. The N-terminal AEP domain is responsible for the DNA polymerization activity, whereas the DNA unwinding activity is catalyzed by the central SF3 helicase domain. The middle PriCT2 and D5_N domains and the C-terminal Tail domain all contribute to the DNA unwinding activity of C962R. C962R preferentially works on forked DNA, and likely functions in Base-excision repair (BER) or other repair pathway in ASFV. Although it is not essential for the replication of ASFV, C962R can serve as a model and provide mechanistic insight into the replicative primase proteins from many other species, such as nitratiruptor phage NrS-1, vaccinia virus (VACV) and other viruses.
m6A-Atlas v2.0: updated resources for unraveling the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) epitranscriptome among multiple species
Authors: Liang Zhanmin , Ye Haokai , Ma Jiongming , Wei Zhen , Wang Yue , Zhang Yuxin , Huang Daiyun , Song Bowen , Meng Jia , Rigden Daniel J , Chen Kunqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
N 6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most abundant internal chemical modifications on eukaryote mRNA and is involved in numerous essential molecular functions and biological processes. To facilitate the study of this important post-transcriptional modification, we present here m6A-Atlas v2.0, an updated version of m6A-Atlas. It was expanded to include a total of 797 091 reliable m6A sites from 13 high-resolution technologies and two single-cell m6A profiles. Additionally, three methods (exomePeaks2, MACS2 and TRESS) were used to identify &gt;16 million m6A enrichment peaks from 2712 MeRIP-seq experiments covering 651 conditions in 42 species. Quality control results of MeRIP-seq samples were also provided to help users to select reliable peaks. We also estimated the condition-specific quantitative m6A profiles (i.e. differential methylation) under 172 experimental conditions for 19 species. Further, to provide insights into potential functional circuitry, the m6A epitranscriptomics were annotated with various genomic features, interactions with RNA-binding proteins and microRNA, potentially linked splicing events and single nucleotide polymorphisms. The collected m6A sites and their functional annotations can be freely queried and downloaded via a user-friendly graphical interface at: http://rnamd.org/m6a.
A review of current therapeutics targeting the mitochondrial protease ClpP in diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered
Authors: Jackson Evangeline R , Persson Mika L , Fish Cameron J , Findlay Izac J , Mueller Sabine , Nazarian Javad , Hulleman Esther , van der Lugt Jasper , Duchatel Ryan J , Dun Matthew D 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are devastating pediatric brain tumors recognized as the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. DMGs are high-grade gliomas (HGGs) diagnosed along the brain’s midline. Euchromatin is the hallmark feature of DMG, caused by global hypomethylation of H3K27 either through point mutations in histone H3 genes (H3K27M), or by overexpression of the enhancer of zeste homolog inhibitory protein. In a clinical trial for adults with progressive HGGs, a 22-year-old patient with a thalamic DMG, H3 K27-altered, showed a remarkable clinical and radiological response to dordaviprone (ONC201). This response in an H3 K27-altered HGG patient, coupled with the lack of response of patients harboring wildtype-H3 tumors, has increased the clinical interest in dordaviprone for the treatment of DMG. Additional reports of clinical benefit have emerged, but research defining mechanisms of action (MOA) fall behind dordaviprone’s clinical use, with biomarkers of response unresolved. Here, we summarize dordaviprone’s safety, interrogate its preclinical MOA identifying the mitochondrial protease “ClpP” as a biomarker of response, and discuss other ClpP agonists, expanding the arsenal of potential weapons in the fight against DMG. Finally, we discuss combination strategies including ClpP agonists, and their immunomodulatory effects suggestive of a role for the tumor microenvironment in DMG patient response.
pH-Weighted amine chemical exchange saturation transfer echo planar imaging visualizes infiltrating glioblastoma cells
Authors: Patel Kunal S , Yao Jingwen , Cho Nicholas S , Sanvito Francesco , Tessema Kaleab , Alvarado Alvaro , Dudley Lindsey , Rodriguez Fausto , Everson Richard , Cloughesy Timothy F , Salamon Noriko , Liau Linda M , Kornblum Harley I , Ellingson Benjamin M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Given the invasive nature of glioblastoma, tumor cells exist beyond the contrast-enhancing (CE) region targeted during treatment. However, areas of non-enhancing (NE) tumors are difficult to visualize and delineate from edematous tissue. Amine chemical exchange saturation transfer echo planar imaging (CEST-EPI) is a pH-sensitive molecular magnetic resonance imaging technique that was evaluated in its ability to identify infiltrating NE tumors and prognosticate survival.

Methods
In this prospective study, CEST-EPI was obtained in 30 patients and areas with elevated CEST contrast (“CEST+” based on the asymmetry in magnetization transfer ratio: MTRasym at 3 ppm) within NE regions were quantitated. Median MTRasym at 3 ppm and volume of CEST + NE regions were correlated with progression-free survival (PFS). In 20 samples from 14 patients, image-guided biopsies of these areas were obtained to correlate MTRasym at 3 ppm to tumor and non-tumor cell burden using immunohistochemistry.

Results
In 15 newly diagnosed and 15 recurrent glioblastoma, higher median MTRasym at 3ppm within CEST + NE regions (P = .007; P = .0326) and higher volumes of CEST + NE tumor (P = .020; P &lt; .001) were associated with decreased PFS. CE recurrence occurred in areas of preoperative CEST + NE regions in 95.4% of patients. MTRasym at 3 ppm was correlated with presence of tumor, cell density, %Ki-67 positivity, and %CD31 positivity (P = .001; P &lt; .001; P &lt; .001; P = .001).

Conclusions
pH-weighted amine CEST-EPI allows for visualization of NE tumor, likely through surrounding acidification of the tumor microenvironment. The magnitude and volume of CEST + NE tumor correlates with tumor cell density, degree of proliferating or “active” tumor, and PFS.
On Enjoying What There Is
Authors: Haapala Arto 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses issues of everyday aesthetics, the aesthetic relevance of objects and situations that are present in the here and now, and the potential that everyday objects have on human well-being. There are different views as to what should be counted within the field of everyday aesthetics, but in this chapter the emphasis is on the everydayness itself. There is an element of pleasure in the unchanging nature of our familiar surroundings; the stability of our everyday environment gives us comfort and makes it possible to act and take care of our daily routines without having to worry they would be broken or disturbed. Becoming more aware of the silent aesthetic pleasures of the everyday not only widens the scope of philosophical aesthetics, but it also—and more importantly—broadens the spectrum of aesthetically relevant matters for common people. This has a significant impact on human well-being and mental health, too. Being more aware of the aesthetic potential of things at hand, rather than constantly looking for something new, creates possibilities to promote one’s mental health without special experiences or new possessions. One does not have to be an art lover to be aesthetically sensitive because the common phenomena of our daily existence have aesthetic potential in them. Realizing this fact opens ways to foster one’s mental well-being. In addition, in times of the immediate threats of climate change and the loss of biodiversity, the humble ecologically sustainable pleasures provided by the everyday will become more and more prominent.