bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Kontra-partido’: untangling oppositional local politics and healthcare devolution in the Philippines
Authors: Yu Vincen Gregory , Lasco Gideon , David Clarissa C , Baysic Ivyrose S 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA long-recognized problem of healthcare devolution in many developing countries is its inextricability from the influences of local politics. This has been particularly self-evident in the Philippines, where, since the adoption of the Local Government Code of 1991, the devolution of health governance, planning, administration and service delivery has placed the health system largely under the control of individual provinces, cities, municipalities and villages or barangays. In this article, we utilize the notion of ‘kontra-partido’ (the Filipino term connoting ‘oppositional politics’) to concretize local, oppositional politics as a lived experience of health workers, government officials and ordinary citizens in the country. Through multi-sited qualitative fieldwork, we demonstrate how ‘kontra-partido’ politics ultimately worsens health outcomes in any locality. We show how such politics figures in the relational dynamics of health governance, often resulting in petty infighting and strained relationships among local health authorities; how it leads to the politicization of appointments and prevents the local workforce, especially those at the grassroots, from doing their jobs efficiently amid environments rife with hostile patronage; and how it impedes service delivery as politicians prioritize ‘visible’ projects (over sustainable ones) and selectively deliver health care to their known supporters. In turn, health workers and ordinary citizens alike have been actively negotiating their roles within this political milieu, either by joining the so-called political frontlines or by engaging in the transactional relationships that develop between politicians and their constituents during perennial election seasons. We conclude with a reflection on the vulnerability of health to politicization and the visceral consequences of ‘kontra-partido’ politics to health workers, as well as an identification of possible areas of intervention for future policy reform, given the deepening political polarization in the country and the upcoming implementation of the recently passed Universal Health Care Law.
Small effect sizes are achievable in offshore wind monitoring surveys
Authors: Livermore J , Truesdale C , Ransier K , McManus M C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Understanding the prospective environmental impacts of offshore wind energy development requires monitoring that allows for adequate testing of conditions for comparison of unimpacted vs. impacted states. A critical component when designing impact studies is determining the required sampling needed to statistically measure a difference between before and after states in the system, which is often challenging because there are little observational data available for the system of interest at the proper spatiotemporal scales. Here, we present the survey design with power and effect size analyses that were used to design a before-after gradient survey to assess American lobster impacts from an offshore wind submarine cable installation in coastal United States waters. By leveraging long-term monitoring data collected from a random-stratified sampling design survey, a gradient survey testing for effects on lobster at distance intervals from the cable using similar sampling methods was developed. Generalized linear mixed models were employed to determine the needed sampling frequency to assess varied catch-per-unit-effort impacts. We present the survey design and our findings from the power analyses to serve as an example of methodology for designing before and after impact surveys for offshore wind energy, and how preexisting data may be used to do so.
An augmented fully mixed formulation for the quasistatic Navier–Stokes–Biot model
Authors: Li Tongtong , Caucao Sergio , Yotov Ivan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We introduce and analyze a partially augmented fully mixed formulation and a mixed finite element method for the coupled problem arising in the interaction between a free fluid and a poroelastic medium. The flows in the free fluid and poroelastic regions are governed by the Navier–Stokes and Biot equations, respectively, and the transmission conditions are given by mass conservation, balance of fluid force, conservation of momentum and the Beavers–Joseph–Saffman condition. We apply dual-mixed formulations in both domains, where the symmetry of the Navier–Stokes and poroelastic stress tensors is imposed in an ultra-weak and weak sense. In turn, since the transmission conditions are essential in the fully mixed formulation, they are imposed weakly by introducing the traces of the structure velocity and the poroelastic medium pressure on the interface as the associated Lagrange multipliers. Furthermore, since the fluid convective term requires the velocity to live in a smaller space than usual, we augment the variational formulation with suitable Galerkin-type terms. Existence and uniqueness of a solution are established for the continuous weak formulation, as well as a semidiscrete continuous-in-time formulation with nonmatching grids, together with the corresponding stability bounds and error analysis with rates of convergence. Several numerical experiments are presented to verify the theoretical results and illustrate the performance of the method for applications to arterial flow and flow through a filter.
Permanent deformation of unsaturated granular material under multiple drying and wetting cycles
Authors: Jing Peng , Song Xin Tong , Nowamooz Hossein , Zhang Jin Xi , Tang Fu Jiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This investigation proposes an empirical–analytical model for the soil–water retention curve (SWRC) as well as the permanent deformation prediction of unsaturated granular materials under multiple hydraulic cycles. To calibrate and verify the proposed approach, the normalized SWRC model was firstly applied to predict the normalized SWRCs of two unsaturated soils under multiple drying and wetting cycles. The predicted and experimental results showed a good correspondence of the model. The normalized permanent deformation model is subsequently used to estimate the final permanent deformations of two granular materials (clay-crushed tuff aggregates (CTAs) mixture and Missillac sand), with suction under multiple drying and wetting cycles. The results showed that the proposed approach can effectively evaluate the normalized SWRCs and the final permanent deformations of the studied granular materials.
Diversity within the species Clostridium butyricum: pan-genome, phylogeny, prophage, carbohydrate utilization, and antibiotic resistance
Authors: Pei Zhangming , Liu Yufei , Yi Zhi , Liao Jingyi , Wang Hongchao , Zhang Hao , Chen Wei , Lu Wenwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Clostridium butyricum has been recognized as a strong candidate for the “next generation of probiotics” due to its beneficial roles on humans. Owing to our current understanding of this species is limited, it is imperative to unveil the genetic variety and biological properties of C. butyricum on sufficient strains.

Methods and results
We isolated 53 C. butyricum strains and collected 25 publicly available genomes to comprehensively assess the genomic and phenotypic diversity of this species. Average nucleotide identity and phylogeny suggested that multiple C. butyricum strains might share the same niche. Clostridium butyricum genomes were replete with prophage elements, but the CRISPR-positive strain efficiently inhibited prophage integration. Clostridium butyricum utilizes cellulose, alginate, and soluble starch universally, and shows general resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Conclusions
Clostridium butyricum exhibited a broad genetic diversity from the extraordinarily open pan-genome, extremely convergent core genome, and ubiquitous prophages. In carbohydrate utilization and antibiotic resistance, partial genotypes have a certain guiding significance for phenotypes.
Higher Initial Formula for Resuscitation After Severe Burn Injury Means Higher 24-Hour Volumes
Authors: Rizzo Julie A , Coates Elsa C , Serio-Melvin Maria L , Aden James K , Stallings Jonathan D , Foster Kevin N , Abdel Fattah Kareem R , Pham Tam N , Salinas Jose 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Initial fluid infusion rates for resuscitation of burn injuries typically use formulas based on patient weight and total body surface area (TBSA) burned. However, the impact of this rate on overall resuscitation volumes and outcomes have not been extensively studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of initial fluid rates on 24-hour volumes and outcomes using the Burn Navigator (BN). The BN database is composed of 300 patients with ≥20% TBSA, &gt;40 kg that were resuscitated utilizing the BN. Four study arms were analyzed based on the initial formula—2 ml/kg/TBSA, 3 ml/kg/TBSA, 4 ml/kg/TBSA or the Rule of Ten. Total fluids infused at 24 hours after admission were compared as well as resuscitation-related outcomes. A total of 296 patients were eligible for analysis. Higher starting rates (4 ml/kg/TBSA) resulted in significantly higher volumes at 24 hours (5.2 ± 2.2 ml/kg/TBSA) than lower rates (2 ml/kg/TBSA resulted in 3.9 ± 1.4 ml/kg/TBSA). No shock was observed in the high resuscitation cohort, whereas the lowest starting rate exhibited a 12% incidence, lower than both the Rule of Ten and 3 ml/kg/TBSA arms. There was no difference in 7-day mortality across groups. Higher initial fluid rates resulted in higher 24-hour fluid volumes. The choice of 2ml/kg/TBSA as initial rate did not result in increased mortality or more complications. An initial rate of 2ml/kg/TBSA is a safe strategy.
Sublethal effects of halofenozide on larval development and detoxification inPhaedon brassicae(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Ma Long , Xu Changxia , Peng Yingchuan , Zhang Jing , Zhang Wanna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe brassica leaf beetle, Phaedon brassicae, is a serious defoliator of cruciferous crops. Halofenozide (Hal), an ecdysone agonist, is a new class of insect growth-regulating insecticide. Our preliminary experiment revealed the outstanding larval toxicity of Hal against P. brassicae. However, the metabolic degradation of this compound in insects remains unclear. In this study, oral administration of Hal at LC10 and LC25 caused severe separation of the cuticle and epidermis, leading to larval molting failure. Sublethal dose exposure also significantly reduced the larval respiration rate as well as their pupation rates and pupal weights. Conversely, the activities of the multifunctional oxidase, carboxylesterase (CarE), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were significantly enhanced in Hal-treated larvae. Further analysis using RNA sequencing identified 64 differentially expressed detoxifying enzyme genes, including 31 P450s, 13 GSTs, and 20 CarEs. Among the 25 upregulated P450s, 22 genes were clustered into the CYP3 clan, and the other 3 genes belonged to the CYP4 clan. Meanwhile, 3 sigma class GSTs and 7 epsilon class GSTs were dramatically increased, accounting for the majority of the upregulated GSTs. Moreover, 16 of the 18 overexpressed CarEs were clustered into the coleopteran xenobiotic-metabolizing group. These results showed the augmented expression of detoxification genes in P. brassicae after exposed to sublethal dose of Hal, and helped to better understand the potential metabolic pathways that could contribute to the reduced sensitivity to Hal in this pest. Overall, a deep insight into the detoxification mechanisms would provide practical guidance for the field management of P. brassicae.
Direct and indirect landscape-scale pathways structure carnivore communities in an agro-prairie ecosystem
Authors: Werdel Ty J , Piper Colleen W , Ricketts Andrew M , Peek Matthew S , Ahlers Adam A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany carnivore populations have experienced substantial declines and are at increased risk of extinction, mainly due to negative interactions with humans and biological traits that make them susceptible to habitat loss and fragmentation, often driven by agricultural expansion. Carnivore community richness is likely influenced by many direct and indirect factors, though it is unclear how carnivore communities are structured in prairie landscapes that are considered one of the most imperiled ecosystems worldwide. Our goal was to identify landscape-scale effects driving carnivore community richness in a contemporary agro-prairie ecosystem. We used 3 years of presence data (2018–2020) from camera-trap sites (n = 381) distributed across western Kansas, United States and developed a structural equation model (SEM) to test a priori hypotheses explaining carnivore richness. Measures of water availability, native prairie, and agriculture—as well as sampling effort (i.e., days cameras were active)—were all positively associated with carnivore richness. Additionally, our index of rabbit abundances at sites had a direct positive effect on our measure of carnivore richness. Our SEM explained 42% of the variance in carnivore richness (χ2 = 8.76, d.f. = 21, P = 0.99) in this human-dominated landscape. Our results suggest that carnivore communities in agro-prairie landscapes are structured through multiple direct and indirect landscape-scale pathways. Contemporary agro-prairie mosaics may act as filters for the agricultural tolerance of carnivores, with species more vulnerable to native prairie loss becoming locally extirpated.
Tomato miR156-targetedSlSBP15represses shoot branching by modulating hormone dynamics and interacting withGOBLETandBRANCHED1b
Authors: Barrera-Rojas Carlos Hernán , Vicente Mateus Henrique , Pinheiro Brito Diego Armando , Silva Eder M , Lopez Aitor Muñoz , Ferigolo Leticia F , do Carmo Rafael Monteiro , Silva Carolina M S , Silva Geraldo F F , Correa Joao P O , Notini Marcela M , Freschi Luciano , Cubas Pilar , Nogueira Fabio T S 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe miRNA156 (miR156)/SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL/SBP) regulatory hub is highly conserved among phylogenetically distinct species, but how it interconnects multiple pathways to converge to common integrators controlling shoot architecture is still unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the miR156/SlSBP15 node modulates tomato shoot branching by connecting multiple phytohormones with classical genetic pathways regulating both axillary bud development and outgrowth. miR156-overexpressing plants (156-OE) displayed high shoot branching, whereas plants overexpressing a miR156-resistant SlSBP15 allele (rSBP15) showed arrested shoot branching. Importantly, the rSBP15 allele was able to partially restore the wild-type shoot branching phenotype in the 156-OE background. rSBP15 plants have tiny axillary buds, and their activation is dependent on shoot apex-derived auxin transport inhibition. Hormonal measurements revealed that indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations were lower in 156-OE and higher in rSBP15 axillary buds, respectively. Genetic and molecular data indicated that SlSBP15 regulates axillary bud development and outgrowth by inhibiting auxin transport and GOBLET (GOB) activity, and by interacting with tomato BRANCHED1b (SlBRC1b) to control ABA levels within axillary buds. Collectively, our data provide a new mechanism by which the miR156/SPL/SBP hub regulates shoot branching, and suggest that modulating SlSBP15 activity might have potential applications in shaping tomato shoot architecture.
Market Analysis of Video Laryngoscopy Equipment for the Role 1 Setting
Authors: Fuller Robert G , Rossetto Marika A , Paulson Matthew W , April Michael D , Ginde Adit A , Bebarta Vikhyat S , Flarity Kathleen M , Keenan Sean , Schauer Steven G 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Airway compromise is the second leading cause of potentially preventable prehospital combat death. Endotracheal intubation (ETI) remains the most common role 1 airway intervention. Video laryngoscopy (VL) is superior to direct laryngoscopy (DL) for first-attempt intubation, especially in less-experienced providers and for trauma patients. The cost has been a major challenge in pushing VL technology far-forward; however, the cost of equipment continues to become more affordable. We conducted a market analysis of VL devices under $10,000 for possible options for role 1.

Materials and Methods
We searched Google, PubMed, and the Food and Drug Administration database from August 2022 to January 2023 with a combination of several keywords to identify current VL market options under $10,000. After identifying relevant manufacturers, we then reviewed individual manufacturer or distributor websites for pricing data and system specifications. We noted several characteristics regarding VL device design for comparison. These include monitor features, size, modularity, system durability, battery life, and reusability. When necessary, we requested formal price quotes from respective companies.

Results
We identified 17 VL options under $10,000 available for purchase, 14 of which were priced below $5,000 for individual units. Infium (n = 3) and Vimed Medical (n = 4) provided the largest number of unique models. VL options under $10,000 exist in both reusable and disposable modalities. These modalities included separate monitors as well as monitors attached to the VL handle. Disposable options, on a per-unit basis, cost less than reusable options.

Conclusions
Several VL options exist within our goal price point in both reusable and disposable options. Clinical studies assessing the technology performance of ETI and deliberate downselection are needed to identify the most cost-effective solution for role 1 dispersion.
Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Senaparib, a Novel PARP1/2 Inhibitor, in Chinese Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase I Trial
Authors: Cao Junning , Guo Hongqian , Ji Dongmei , Shen Weina , Zhang Shun , Hsieh Chih-Yi , Xiong Cai Sui , Edward Tian Ye , Xu Cong , Zhang Pin , Xu Binghe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Senaparib, a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1/2 inhibitor, demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical studies. This phase I, first-in-human, dose-escalation/-expansion study explored the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability, and preliminary antitumor activity of senaparib in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors.

Patients and Methods
Adults with advanced solid tumors who had failed ³1 line of prior systemic treatment were enrolled. Senaparib (once daily [QD]) dose was escalated from 2 mg until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD)/recommended phase II dose (RP2D) using a modified 3 + 3 design. Dose expansion included: dose groups with ≥1 objective response and one dose higher, as well as those at the MTD/RP2D. Primary objectives were to evaluate the safety and tolerability, and determine the MTD and/or RP2D of senaparib.

Results
Fifty-seven patients were enrolled across 10 dose groups (2-120 mg QD, and 50 mg twice daily). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The most common senaparib-related adverse events were anemia (80.9%), white blood cell count decreased (43.9%), platelet count decreased (28.1%), and asthenia (26.3%). Senaparib exposure increased dose proportionately at 2-80 mg; absorption saturated at 80-120 mg. Senaparib accumulation was minimal after repeated QD administration (accumulation ratio=1.1-1.5). The objective response rate was 22.7% (n=10/44) overall (all partial responses) and 26.9% (n=7/26) for patients harboring BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations. Disease control rates were 63.6% and 73.1%, respectively.

Conclusions
Senaparib was well tolerated and demonstrated promising antitumor activity in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors. The RP2D for this clinical study in China was identified as 100 mg QD.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier
NCT03508011
Bluegrass as Folk Music in the Czech Republic
Authors: Bidgood Lee 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since the mid-1950s Czech Americanists have sought out the country music subgenre of bluegrass, reformulating and performing it as a part of “folk-spectrum music,” a constellation of sounds and practices that does not always fit within the boundaries of folkloric or popular music. Attending to Czech bluegrass sheds light on the evolving post-socialist landscape and provides new perspectives on folk-related music making in Czech and central-eastern European contexts. As in the United States and elsewhere, bluegrass has become a means for mediating tensions and paradoxes that arise between ideas of “folk,” “traditional,” and “popular” music. This chapter presents ways that Czechs have adapted the practices and repertories of bluegrass-related music in dialogue with folk and folkloric music so that they all have appeal and functionality as a part of local and regional contexts.
Marriage and Wedding Traditions among the Cortorar Roma in Romania
Authors: Tesăr Cătălina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter gives an ethnographic account of marital practices and their ceremonial manifestations among the Romani population of Cortorari living in central Romania, Transylvania. Marriage-making is central both to the fulfillment of gendered personhood and to the definition of Cortorari as a collective. The public enactment of marriages in agreements, contracts, and weddings communicates the moral and social order of the community. (Grand)Parents arrange the marriages of their offspring, the process of which unfolds as follows: the bride is removed from her parental house; is relocated into the groom’s parents’ house; produces offspring, compulsorily a boy; and is incorporated into the marital family, who should receive a dowry. Yet such an achievement is fraught with difficulties, and marital ties are fragile and continuously under threat of unraveling. To offset the tendency toward dissolution, Cortorari place at the center of their marriages ancient chalices inherited from their forebears and passed along male lines.
India’s Approach to Nuclear Security
Authors: Rajagopalan Rajeswari Pillai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The chapter provides an analytical overview of India’s approach to nuclear security. It details the legal and institutional steps India has taken to strengthen its nuclear security credentials, while capturing some of the internal political debates that provide an Indian perspective on nuclear security. The chapter also focuses on the logic for India’s nuclear security policy by examining the country’s growing atomic energy sector as well as the changing threat environment. While this chapter does not provide a fully comprehensive narrative of India’s nuclear security approach, it does discuss some of the challenging aspects, such as nuclear and radiological material control and accounting systems, security culture, the insider threat, and nuclear regulation. The chapter’s concluding section identifies areas that India needs to strengthen further in order to improve nuclear security measures as well as external perceptions of India’s nuclear security policy.