bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between constipation and major depression in adult Americans: evidence from NHANES 2005–2010
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Shen Xia , Wang Yan , Jia Xiaoqiang 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveCurrent studies on the association between constipation and depression is still insufficient. In this study, we investigated the detailed association between constipation and major depression among American adults.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 12,352 adults aged 20 and older were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2010 for the sample. Constipation was defined as fewer than three defecation frequencies per week. For the assessment of major depression, the validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression models. A subgroup analysis was carried out to ensure that the results were stable.ResultsOf the 12,352 participants, 430 reported constipation, with a prevalence of 3.5%. Depression was reported in 1030 cases, indicating a prevalence rate of 8.3%. Patients with constipation were significantly more likely to have major depression (20.9%) than those without it (7.9%, p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education level, body mass index, vigorous physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking status, poverty income ratio, diabetes, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use, liver disease, heart disease, pulmonary disease, hypertension, arthritis, cancer, dietary fiber intake, moisture intake, total fat intake, carbohydrates intake, and protein intake, constipation is significantly associated with major depression (OR: 2.20, 95%CI: 1.68–2.87, p &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analyses by age, sex, dietary intake, risk behaviors, and common complications showed no statistically significant interactions (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionIn conclusion, this study showed that constipation were significantly associated with depression. When treating patients with constipation, it is necessary for clinicians to screen and evaluate depression, and provide timely and effective intervention for patients with depression to avoid further deterioration of the condition.
Milieu-specific differences in symptom severity and treatment outcome in psychosomatic rehabilitation in Germany
Authors: Kleineberg-Massuthe Henrika , Papst Lilia , Bassler Markus , Köllner Volker 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPrevious studies that focused on socioeconomic differences did not comprehensively explain existing inequalities in psychosomatic rehabilitation in Germany. We applied a social milieu approach, which additionally includes sociocultural factors such as lifestyles, attitudes and values, to investigate differences among patients in symptom severity, psychosocial impairment and improvement over the course of the intervention.MethodsAs a model for social milieus, the empirical Sinus milieus were used. 2,000 patients of two psychosomatic rehabilitation clinics in Germany were included and their milieu was assessed with the Sinus milieu indicator for Germany 10/2018 questionnaire. BDI-II (N = 1,832) and HEALTH-49 (N = 1,829) questionnaires were used to measure depressiveness and psychosocial impairment at admission (T0) and discharge after 5 weeks of treatment (T1). Milieu differences in severity and improvement were analyzed by mixed-model ANOVAs.ResultsMilieu distribution was not representative of the overall population of Germany. We found significant differences between patients from different milieus in both BDI-II and HEALTH-49 (p &lt; 0.001). Patients from the Precarious Milieu had the highest burden of depressive symptoms in BDI-II and the highest impairment on all HEALTH-49 scales at T0 and T1. Over the course of rehabilitation, patients from all milieus improved significantly in all domains (p &lt; 0.001). Significant interaction effects showed milieu-dependent differences in improvement for depressiveness on the BDI-II [F(9, 1822) = 2.50, p = 0.008] and for three HEALTH-49 scales, namely Psychological well-being [F(9, 1819) = 3.30, padj = 0.005], Interactional difficulties [F(9, 1819) = 2.74, padj = 0.036] and Activity and Participation [F(9, 1819) = 4.94, padj &lt; 0.001], while post-hoc tests only revealed two significant group differences for the last scale. In all domains, patients from the Precarious Milieu retained higher symptoms and impairment at T1 than patients from better-off milieus had at T0.DiscussionSocial milieu was associated with symptom severity, treatment access and outcome of psychosomatic rehabilitation patients. Milieu-specific sociocultural habits, psychosocial needs and therapeutic demands may help describe differences and should be considered in therapy planning and implementation, to improve equal access, quality and effectiveness of rehabilitation. Therefore, further research on milieu-specific differences and needs is necessary.
Associations between frontal lobe activity and depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder receiving rTMS treatment: a near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Chou Po-Han , Liu Wen-Chun , Wang Shao-Cheng , Lin Wei-Hao , Chung Yi-Lun , Chang Chun-Hung , Su Kuan-Pin 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have been proved to have antidepressant effects. However, the absence of biomarkers to assess treatment response remains a challenge. This research aims to explore the relationship between frontal lobe activity, measured using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and changes in symptoms among MDD patients following rTMS treatment.MethodsA total of 26 MDD patients underwent 20 sessions of 10  Hz rTMS targeting the left DLPFC. NIRS was used to measure frontal lobe activity during a verbal fluency test at baseline, after 10 rTMS sessions, and after 20 rTMS sessions. Responders were defined as individuals with more than a 50% reduction in symptoms based on the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale after 20 rTMS sessions.ResultsAmong the 14 responders, an increase in frontal lobe activity was significantly correlated with improvements in depressive symptoms following 10 (p = 0.0001) and 20 rTMS sessions (p = 0.007). Additionally, frontal lobe activity after 10 rTMS sessions was significantly associated with symptom improvement after 20 sessions (p = 0.001). These associations were not observed among non-responders.ConclusionThe findings from this study indicate distinct patterns of frontal lobe activity between responders and non-responders to rTMS treatment, suggesting that NIRS has the potential to serve as a biomarker for monitoring treatment response in MDD patients undergoing rTMS.
Incidence of moral hazards among health care providers in the implementation of social health insurance toward universal health coverage: evidence from rural province hospitals in Indonesia
Authors: Syafrawati Syafrawati , Machmud Rizanda , Aljunid Syed Mohamed , Semiarty Rima 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo identify the incidence of moral hazards among health care providers and its determinant factors in the implementation of national health insurance in Indonesia.MethodsData were derived from 360 inpatient medical records from six types C public and private hospitals in an Indonesian rural province. These data were accumulated from inpatient medical records from four major disciplines: medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics. The dependent variable was provider moral hazards, which included indicators of up-coding, readmission, and unnecessary admission. The independent variables are Physicians' characteristics (age, gender, and specialization), coders' characteristics (age, gender, education level, number of training, and length of service), and patients' characteristics (age, birth weight, length of stay, the discharge status, and the severity of patient's illness). We use logistic regression to investigate the determinants of moral hazard.ResultsWe found that the incidences of possible unnecessary admissions, up-coding, and readmissions were 17.8%, 11.9%, and 2.8%, respectively. Senior physicians, medical specialists, coders with shorter lengths of service, and patients with longer lengths of stay had a significant relationship with the incidence of moral hazard.ConclusionUnnecessary admission is the most common form of a provider's moral hazard. The characteristics of physicians and coders significantly contribute to the incidence of moral hazard. Hospitals should implement reward and punishment systems for doctors and coders in order to control moral hazards among the providers.
eHealth profile of patients with diabetes
Authors: Jendly Mathieu , Santschi Valérie , Tancredi Stefano , Konzelmann Isabelle , Raboud Leila , Chiolero Arnaud 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundDigital health technology can be useful to improve the health of patients with diabetes and to support patient-centered care and self-management. In this cross-sectional study, we described the eHealth profile of patients with diabetes, based on their use of digital health technology, and its association with sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsWe used data from the “Qualité Diabète Valais” cohort study, conducted in one region of Switzerland (Canton Valais) since 2019. Participants with type 1 or type 2 diabetes completed questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics and on the use of digital health technology. We defined eHealth profiles based on three features, i.e., ownership or use of (1) internet-connected devices (smartphone, tablet, or computer), (2) mHealth applications, and (3) connected health tools (activity sensor, smart weight scale, or connected blood glucose meter). We assessed the association between sociodemographic characteristics and participants’ eHealth profiles using stratified analyses and logistic regression models.ResultsSome 398 participants (38% women) with a mean age of 65 years (min: 25, max: 92) were included. The vast majority (94%) were Swiss citizens or bi-national and 68% were economically inactive; 14% had a primary level education, 51% a secondary level, and 32% a tertiary level. Some 75% of participants had type 2 diabetes. Some 90% of the participants owned internet-connected devices, 43% used mHealth applications, and 44% owned a connected health tool. Older age and a lower educational level were associated with lower odds of all features of the eHealth profile. To a lesser extent, having type 2 diabetes or not being a Swiss citizen were also associated with a lower use of digital health technology. There was no association with sex.ConclusionWhile most participants owned internet-connected devices, only about half of them used mHealth applications or owned connected health tools. Older participants and those with a lower educational level were less likely to use digital health technology. eHealth implementation strategies need to consider these sociodemographic patterns among patients with diabetes.
Arctic Sea Ice Microalga Chlamydomonas latifrons KNF0041: Identification and Statistical Optimization of Medium for Enhanced Biomass and Omega-3/Omega-6
Authors: Chae Hyunsik , Kim Sanghee , Choi Han-Gu , Kim Ji Hee , Han Se Jong , Kim Eun Jae 
Published: August 2023

Polar microorganisms produce biologically active compounds that enable them to survive in harsh environments. These compounds have potential biomedical applications. The green microalga Chlamydomonas latifrons KNF0041, isolated from Arctic sea ice, has been found to produce polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including omega-3 and omega-6, which have antioxidant properties. To improve the biomass production of strain KNF0041, statistical methods such as the Plackett–Burman design, Box–Behnken design, and response surface methodology (RSM) were utilized for medium optimization. The optimized medium was designed with increased potassium phosphate content and reduced acetic acid (AcOH) content. The use of the optimized medium resulted in an increase in the cell number as biomass of strain KNF0041 by 34.18% and the omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid (FA) content by 10.04% and 58.29%, respectively, compared to that in normal TAP medium, which is known as the growth medium for Chlamydomonas culture. In this study, Chlamydomonas latifrons was discovered for the first time in the polar region and identified using morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses, the secondary structures of the internal transcribed spacers, and optimized culture conditions. The results of this study provide an efficient method for the application of polar microalgae for the production of bioactive compounds.
Analysis of Airborne Fungal Communities on Pedestrian Bridges in Urban Environments
Authors: Al-Shaarani Amran A. Q. A. , Quach Ziwei M. , Wang Xiao , Muafa Mohammed H. M. , Nafis Md M. H. , Pecoraro Lorenzo 
Published: August 2023

Airborne fungal spores constitute an important type of bioaerosol and are responsible for a number of negative effects on human health, including respiratory diseases and allergies. We investigated the diversity and concentration of culturable airborne fungi on pedestrian bridges in Tianjin, China, using an HAS-100B air sampler. We compared the airborne fungal communities at the top central area of the selected pedestrian bridges and along the corresponding sidewalk, at ground level. A total of 228 fungal strains belonging to 96 species and 58 genera of Ascomycota (68.86%), Basidiomycota (30.26%), and Mucoromycota (0.88%) were isolated and identified using morphological and molecular analysis. Alternaria was the dominant genus (20.61%), followed by Cladosporium (11.48%), Schizophyllum (6.14%), Sporobolomyces (5.70%), and Sporidiobolus (4.82%). Alternaria alternata was the most frequently occurring fungal species (6.58%), followed by Schizophyllum commune (5.26%), Alternaria sp. (4.82%), Sporobolomyces carnicolor (4.39%), and Cladosporium cladosporioides (3.95%). The recorded fungal concentration ranged from 10 to 180 CFU/m3. Although there was no significant difference in the distribution and abundance of the dominant airborne fungal taxa between the two investigated bridges’ sites, numerous species detected with a low percentage of abundance belonging to well-known pathogenic fungal genera, including Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Penicillium, and Trichoderma, were exclusively present in one of the two sites. The relative humidity showed a stronger influence compared to the temperature on the diversity and concentration of airborne fungi in the investigated sites. Our results may provide valuable information for air quality monitoring and for assessing human health risks associated with microbial pollution.
Feature of the formation of major positive air temperature anomalies in the coastal areas of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan in 1950—2021
Authors: Shatilina Tatiana , Tsitsiashvili Guram , Radchenkova Tatiana 
Published: August 2023

Major positive air temperature anomalies in the coastal areas of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan in 1950—2021 are considered according to the meteorological network. The intra annual variation in the number and frequency of occurrence of major positive air temperature anomalies in the periods 1950—1979 and 1980—2021 are calculated. It is shown that the frequency of occurrence of these anomalies in all months of the year in 1980—2021 is much higher than in 1950—1979. The maximum number of the anomalies was indicated through January to March of 1980—2021 in the northern part of the Sea of
Okhotsk. The maximum frequency of occurrence of the anomalies was in March for all stations of the Sea of Okhotsk. What about the stations situated in the coastal areas of the Sea of Japan, the maximum frequency of occurrence of the anomalies was indicated in May. It is shown that the difference between the climatic
peculiarities of 1950—1979 and 1980—2021 were determined by changes of the circulation regime in the centers of action of the Asia-Pacific region atmosphere. During winter periods of 1980—2021, the frequency of occurrence of major positive anomalies was determined by the tropospheric through regime near the
eastern coast of Asia and by the position of the Okhotsk tropospheric cyclone while in warm periods of 1980—2021 it was determined by the circulation regime variability in the area of the Asia depression and of the Hawaiian anticyclone, their intensity being increased as compared to those of 1950—1979.
Speech acts as intercultural danger zones: A cross-cultural comparison of the speech act of apologising in Irish and Chilean soap operas
Authors: Fahey María Palma 
Published: August 2023

Intercultural communication presents many challenges and one of them refers to the need to create awareness about the importance of understanding speech acts cross-culturally. Speech acts are what the writer or speaker is doing in uttering a particular form of words, and their focus is on meaning (speaker's intention). The recognition of the meaning of a particular speech act in a given cultural setting is at the heart of successful intercultural communication. Speech acts are considered universal, nevertheless research shows that they can manifest differently across languages and cultures. This cross-cultural difference in language use is indicative of broader socio-cultural differences that underline language in use internationally and certainly it is at this level that much inter-cultural misunderstanding has its origin. This paper focuses on the speech act of apologising, and it draws on two linguistic datasets or corpora for its analysis: one comprising two hours from an Irish soap opera Fair City and the other comprising two hours of comparable data from Amores de Mercado, a Chilean soap opera. These data are transcribed to form an electronic corpus for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Extracts of data containing the speech act of apologising in both sets of data are compared and the socio-pragmatic implications for meaning and intercultural communication are discussed.
Student Language Teachers as Intercultural Learners in CMC-Based Project Work
Authors: Fuchs Carolin 
Published: August 2023

This paper emerged from a larger study and analyzes the reflections of a transatlantic group of future language teachers who communicated with each other via the bulletin board and chat functions of FirstClass® to design a joint website module. The author employs the Grounded Theory method and engages in action research in order to identify and analyze instances displaying cross-cultural engagement. Data triangulation entails email and chat transcripts, pre-course questionnaires, self-assessments, post-course interviews, post-course questionnaires, post-course questions, logs, voices from the classroom, and learning process statements. Findings indicate that the transatlantic group was faced primarily with difficulties regarding consensus finding, joint decision-making, and a lack of awareness regarding potential personal and professional benefits of the project.
Asociación entre biomarcadores y enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes que asisten a programa de riesgo cardiovascular de primer nivel, Cauca Colombia 2022
Authors: Daniel Paz Melo Francisco , Galvis Mantilla Gary , Barrios Arroyabe Freddy Andrés 
Published: August 2023

Introducción: La enfermedad Renal Crónica, es un estado patológico muy prevalente que viene aumentando año tras año a nivel mundial, y que es de importancia en salud pública, debido a los altos costos que genera en los sistemas de salud. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal analítico. La información se obtuvo a partir de la tabla de datos otorgado por la IPS de primer nivel de salud. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo univariado, bivariado y multivariado. Resultados: La prevalencia porcentual de ERC en nuestra población fue de 74.6% y 25.3% no tienen ERC. La población en estudio según el estadio de ERC por MDRD fue de 63% en estadio IIIa y IIIb y con menor porcentaje el estadio IV con 9,4% y estadio V con 2,4%. Se encontró asociación significativa entre los biomarcadores como PTH, calcio sérico y creatinina con ERC desde estadio muy tempranos (IIIa/ IIIb, IV, V), con valores de p<0.05 y OR significativos con un nivel de confianza al 95%. Conclusiones: Los resultados de biomarcadores alterados tempranos para ERC sumado a ciertos factores sociodemográficos, están fuertemente asociados con el empeoramiento de la enfermedad renal, desde estadios de la clasificación KDIGO muy tempranos, por lo que esto será un punto de cambio para los protocolos de atención en salud primaria.
Small local firms struggles: insertion process and entry barriers as lowest-tier automotive suppliers in Indonesia
Authors: Arifin Zaenal 
Published: August 2023

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/
This paper examines how small local firms integrate into the automotive value chains and what entry barriers they face during this process. Using primary data from surveys on domestic suppliers and interviews with subsidiaries of Japanese automotive producers operating in Indonesia, the study found that apart from the initial condition of local firms that were mostly less capable and inexperienced in the modern manufacturing system, the subsidiaries also purposively created various entry barriers and provided limited assistance. Consequently, the linkages opportunities available for local firms were confined to lowest-tier suppliers and the integration process as new suppliers was arduous, costly and time consuming. Given such a situation, the paper proposes the insertion process as a new industrial upgrading trajectory and labels it as entry upgrading. Moreover, the research also suggests that workers’ mobility and demonstration are pivotal channels for local firms to acquire advanced knowledge necessary for their entry upgrading.
Dark Matter Halo Properties of the Galactic Dwarf Satellites: Implication for Chemo-dynamical Evolution of the Satellites and a Challenge to Lambda Cold Dark Matter
Authors: Hayashi Kohei , Hirai Yutaka , Chiba Masashi , Ishiyama Tomoaki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Elucidating dark matter density profiles in Galactic dwarf satellites is essential to understanding not only the quintessence of dark matter, but also the evolution of the satellites themselves. In this work, we present the current constraints on dark matter densities in Galactic ultrafaint dwarf (UFD) and diffuse galaxies. Applying our constructed nonspherical mass models to the currently available kinematic data of the 25 UFDs and two diffuse satellites, we find that whereas most of the galaxies have huge uncertainties on the inferred dark matter density profiles, Eridanus II, Segue I, and Willman 1 favor cuspy central profiles even when considering effects of a prior bias. We compare our results with the simulated subhalos on the plane between the dark matter density at 150 pc and the pericenter distance. We find that the most observed satellites and the simulated subhalos are similarly distributed on this plane, except for Antlia 2, Crater 2, and Tucana 3, which are less than one-tenth of the density. Despite considerable tidal effects, the subhalos detected by commonly used subhalo finders have difficulty explaining such a huge deviation. We also estimate the dynamical mass-to-light ratios of the satellites and confirm the ratio is linked to stellar mass and metallicity. Tucana 3 deviates largely from these relations, while it follows the mass–metallicity relation. This indicates that Tucana 3 has a cored dark matter halo, despite a significant uncertainty in its ratios.