bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting Informal Care Needs of the Urban-Rural Older Adults in China Based on Multi-state Markov Model
Authors: Fang Ya , Zhang Liangwen , Shen Shuyuan , Zhang Wenzheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Forecasting the intensity, source, and cost of informal care for older adults in China is essential to establish and enhance policy support systems for informal care within the context of East Asian traditional culture that emphasizes filial piety. This study aims to analyze the current situation and influencing factors for the informal care needs and predict the trends of informal care needs for older adults in China from 2020 to 2040.
Methods
Using the CHARLS database from 2015 to 2018, this study first combined the literature analysis method, a two-part model, and a multinomial logit to analyze the aging trend, population size, and influencing factors for the informal care needs of urban-rural older adults in China. Secondly, a multi-state Markov model was constructed to forecast the number of urban-rural older populations in each health state from 2020 to 2040. Finally, based on a microsimulation model, this study predicted the trends of informal care intensity, source, and cost for older adults in urban and rural areas from 2020 to 2040.
Results
In 2040, the size of the disabled older population in China will expand further. In rural areas, the total number of disabled people in 2040 (39.77 million) is 1.50 times higher than that in 2020; In urban areas, the total number of disabled people in 2040 (56.01 million) is 2.51 times higher than that in 2020. Compared with 2020, the elderly population with mild, moderate and severe disability in 2040 would increase by 87.60%, 101.70%, and 115.08%, respectively. In 2040, the number of older adults receiving low-, medium-, and high-intensity care in China will be 38.60 million, 22.89 million, and 41.69 million, respectively, and older people will still rely on informal care provided by spouses and children (from spouses only: 39.26 million, from children only: 36.74 million, from spouses and children only: 16.79 million, other: 10.39 million). The total cost of informal care in 2040 will be 1,086.65 billion yuan, 2.22 times that of 2020 (490.31 billion yuan), which grows faster than the economic growth rate.
Conclusion
From 2020 to 2040, the informal care needs of older people in rural areas will increase first and then decrease due to the demographic structure and rapid urbanization. In contrast, the informal care needs of older people in urban areas will continuously increase from 2020 to 2040, with the growth rate gradually slowing down. This study provides an evidence-based rationale for scientifically measuring the economic value of informal care and reasonably allocating care resources.
Combination of engineered FnCas9 and extended gRNAs for PAM-flexible, robust and nucleobase specific editing and diagnostics
Authors: Chakraborty Debojyoti , Acharya Sundaram , Ansari Asgar , Hirano Seiichi , Sarkar Sajal , Rauthan Riya , Kumar Manoj , Phutela Rhythm , Gulati Sneha , Afzal C , Paul Deepanjan , Rahman Abdul , Mahato Sudipta , Maddileti Savitri , Pulimamidi Vinay , Jalali Subhadra , Nishimasu Hiroshi , Mariappan Indumathi , Nureki Osamu , Maiti Souvik 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The clinical success of CRISPR therapies is dependent on the safety and efficacy of Cas proteins. The Cas9 from Francisella novicida (FnCas9) has negligible affinity for mismatched substrates enabling it to discriminate off-targets in DNA with very high precision even at the level of binding. However, its cellular targeting efficiency is low, limiting its use in therapeutic applications. Here, we rationally engineer the protein to develop enhanced FnCas9 (enFnCas9) variants and expand its cellular editing activity to genomic loci previously inaccessible. Notably, some of the variants release the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) constraint from NGG to NGR/NRG increasing their accessibility across human genomic sites by ~ 3.5-fold. The enFnCas9 proteins harbor single mismatch specificity both in vitro and in cellulo leading to broadened target range of FnCas9-based CRISPR diagnostics for detection of point mutations and pathogenic DNA signatures. Importantly, they provide superior outcomes in terms of editing efficiency, knock-in rates and off-target specificity over other engineered high-fidelity versions of SpCas9 (SpCas9-HF1 and eSpCas9). Remarkably, enFnCas9 variants can be combined with extended length gRNAs for robust base editing at sites which are inaccessible to PAM-constrained canonical base editors. Finally, we show the complete correction of a disease-specific Retinitis Pigmentosa mutation in patient derived iPSCs using enFnCas9 Adenine Base Editor highlighting its broad application in therapeutics and diagnostics.
ENAGRINEWS:An English News Dataset for Agriculture
Authors: Drury Brett , Adelowo Omobolaji 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Text mining in agriculture is still lagging behind its application in other domains such as bio-medicine and finance. This might be due to the limited availability of freely available agricultural corpora. To address this issue, a new corpus called ENAGRINEWS has been introduced. The corpus consists of 22,814 agricultural-related documents collected from news sites and blogs between 2020 and 2022 from various agricultural sources and includes 10,999 unique AGROVOC annotations and 12,100 unique entities, with 7,998 of them having PermID URI. The aim of releasing this corpus is to promote and encourage research in Agricultural Text Mining.
Collective mapping of gas leaks to determine safe routes through multi-robot system with scalable sizes
Authors: Rohrich Ronnier Frates , Messias Luis Felipe , Lima Jose , de Oliveira André Schneider 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article discusses a novel approach to collective mapping that usesautonomous sensors to create safe routes in environments with gas leaks. The useof multiple mobile sensors seek to delimit different regions and assign them dif-ferent tasks according to their momentary needs. This collective approach aimsto optimize the routes to a gas source, offering safer alternatives for access toand from the environment. The sharing of information between sensors is essen-tial so that the mapping and optimization of safe routes are always balanced,with respect to the different functions of the mobile sensors. In this study, robotgroups act as multiple composite sensors that can move independently accordingto the functions assigned to them. Autonomous detection, collective mapping,and collective decision-making of the robots are behaviors bioinspired from thecognitive mechanisms observed in bacterial colonies. These colonies continuouslyseek to maintain the lives of their species based on their collective decision-making in searching for energy sources and changing colony size. Furthermore, although the sensors have a collective memory in all tasks, each sensor has anautonomous behavior of searching for gas leaks, during initial measurements. Inaddition, as gas dispersion in the environment increases, the received data fromthe sensors aids collective decision- making, assigning different functions, such asmapping, environment exploration, and routes creation, to groups of mobile sen-sors. Depending on the momentary need, the number of sensors in each groupchanges. The proposed method in this study was based on real mobile robots withcharacteristics that enable varying levels of scalability in size. Subsequently, itwas evaluated in a simulated system and developed for experimentation with gasand mobile sensors in a dynamic and realistic environment. Several experimentswere also designed to elucidate the collective contributions of mapping and creat-ing safe routes in environments subject to gas leakage. In addition to presentingthe agreement between the multiple mobile sensors, this study further contributesto the analysis of multiple tasks in homogeneous sensor groups in executing dif-ferent tasks. Furthermore, this work introduced a simulated experimental systemto test different topologies of multiple mobile sensors.
The synergy between deep learning and numerical modeling in estimating NOx emissions at a fine spatiotemporal resolution
Authors: Jung Jia , Choi Yunsoo , Ghahremanloo Masoud , Lops Yannic , Momeni Mahmoudreza , Feng Sha , Pan Shuai , Jeon Wonbae , Yoo Jung-Woo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study focused on the remarkable applicability of deep learning (DL) together with numerical modeling in estimating NOx emissions at a fine spatiotemporal resolution during the summer of 2017 over the contiguous United States (CONUS). We employed the partial convolutional neural network (PCNN) and the deep neural network (DNN) to fill gaps in the OMI tropospheric NO2 column and estimate the daily proxy surface NO2 map at a spatial resolution of 10 km × 10 km, showing high capability with strong correspondence (R: 0.92, IOA: 0.96, MAE: 1.43). Subsequently, we conducted an inversion of NOx emissions using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model at 12 km grid spacing to gain a comprehensive understanding of the chemical evolution. Compared to the prior emissions, the inversion indicated higher NOx emissions over CONUS (3.21 ± 3.34 times), effectively mitigating the underestimation of surface NO2 concentrations with the prior emissions. Incorporating the DL-estimated daily proxy surface NO2 map yielded primary benefits, reducing bias (-1.53 ppb to 0.26 ppb) and enhancing day-to-day variability with higher correspondence (0.84 to 0.92) and lower error (0.48 ppb to 0.10 ppb) across CONUS.
In-situ measurements reveal significant differences in energy and mass-balance components on monsoon- and westerlies-dominated glaciers in High Mountain Asia
Authors: Wang Puyu , Li Hongliang , Li Zhongqin , Wang Feiteng , Jin Shuang , Zhao Weibo , Yu Fengchen , He Jie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Physical interactions between glacier surfaces and atmosphere are crucial to understanding the mechanism and process of glacier ablation but poorly constrained based on measured meteorological data from monitoring glaciers. We investigate how climatic regimes influence glacier mass loss in High Mountain Asia (HMA) from the perspective of glacier energy and mass balance for 30 glaciers with meteorological and mass-balance observations and project their volume loss under various shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) by the end of the 21st century. Our study shows that net shortwave (SWnet; 92.7%) and longwave (LWnet; 82.0%) radiation in the monsoon-dominated glaciers during the melt season are 1.08 times higher than those in the westerlies-dominated glaciers. Turbulent fluxes are similar in both regions, so that SWnet and LWnet determine the energy supply and expenditure in the two regions, respectively. Driven by such an energy balance context, melt (94.3%) in monsoon-dominated glaciers is 1.38 times greater than in westerlies-dominated glaciers, while snowfall in monsoon-dominated glaciers decreases, which jointly determines the difference in mass loss between the two regions. Additionally, sublimation and refreezing are the crucial factors contributing to mass balance, but their impact on mass balance is small. Volume-loss differences of approximately 15% also exist between the two regions under three shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs).
Conversion of waste animal bones to biofertilizer and adsorbent for wastewater treatment: An innovative approach to develop zero-waste technology
Authors: Khan Abdul Majeed , Usmani Muhammad Arsalan , Yasmeen Kousar , Ahmed Muhammad Naeem , Obaid Muhammad , Naz Sehar Afshan , Pervaiz Sobia , Chan Malik Wajid Hussain , Khan Ali , Aslam Sardar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Presently a number of chemical fertilizers are being used which are not only expensive but are also environment threatening. There is a need to replace these fertilizers by biofertilizers. Adsorbent were prepared from waste bones for the waste water treatment. Various bone samples were collected and calcinated to produce biofertilizer and adsorbent. Total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) were analyzed. The broiler chicken bone-based biofertilizer has the lowest amount of TC and TN (TC = 33 and TN = 5.5 g/Kg) and also the lowest macro-elements; Ca = 55, P = 26, K = 2.5, and Mg = 0.83 g/Kg. All samples were used for the growth of kidney bean plant. After 5 weeks, the highest growth was observed for buffalo bone-based fertilizer and the lowest for broiler bone-based fertilizer. In the present study, the calcinated bones material was also used as nano-adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from the artificial wastewater. All nano-adsorbent samples showed maximum efficiency at 100 ppm, while maximum removal was at 6 h. The highest removal efficiency was obtained for buffalo bone-based nano-adsorbent (As = 60% and Pb = 75%), and the lowest removal efficiency was obtained for broiler bone-based nano-adsorbent (As = 36% and Pb = 47%). The calcinated animal bones were analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), chemical tests and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). This research can play an important role for the promotion of agricultural crops and for wastewater treatment using nano-technology.
Development of a Neonatal Cardiac Curriculum for Neonatal-Perinatal Fellowship Training
Authors: Sen Shawn , Patel Shivani , Koenig Peter , Myers Patrick 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The topic of neonatal cardiovascular care in neonatal-perinatal fellowship training has continued to transform due to the increased complexity of patients, the development of specialized units, continued ACGME educational requirements, and clinical practice variation across centers that care for neonates with congenital heart disease.
Methods
We developed a formal neonatal cardiac curriculum, comprised of eight interactive sessions, with novel active learning concepts specific to our neonatal-perinatal fellows that were presented annually.
Results
There was an overall 10-point increase in the comfort level in managing infants with congenital heart disease among neonatal fellows. The average American Board of Pediatrics Subspecialty In-Training Exam scores improved from baseline in all years of the intervention.
Conclusion
Due to the variable clinical exposure and differing practice models of congenital heart disease a formal neonatal cardiac curriculum may be beneficial to neonatal-perinatal trainees.
New contribution to the biostratigraphy of Naopurdan limestone unit (Eocene), Bulfat area, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq
Authors: Ghafor Imad , Muhammad Hemn F. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Forty- nine samples were collected for a biostratigraphic study of the Naouprdan limestone unit to determine the age of its strata. The studied section is located within the Zagros High Fold and Thrust Belt. The lithology of the succession here is composed of grey fine-grain of limestone withNummulitesandAlveoloina,the whole section is highly deformed and fractured. Hence, for the first time, this limestone unit describes in detail; it is a 48m bed of grey fine-grain, Alveolinidae-Nummulitidae limestone. It bears a frequent number of large benthic foraminifera that are concentrated within the limestone bed. It is detected within the Naopurdan succession from the Bulfat area, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region/northeastern Iraq. The identified-benthic foraminifera is of the groups: Nummulitidae; Alveolinidae; Acervulinidae; Acervulinidae; Rotaliidae; Linderinidae; Linderinidae; Hauerinidae; Textulariidae; Textulariidae. A detailed study of the benthic foraminiferal assemblages of the limestone unit revealed the occurrences of (104) species of benthic foraminifera belonging to (11) genera. The stratigraphic distribution of these species permits the recognition of four biozones. These are from the lower to upper part of the section:Alveolina oblonga-Nummulites djokdjokartaeInterval Zone,Nummulites djokdjokartaeTotal Range Zone,Nummulites fabianiTotal Range Zone, andAlveolina leupoldi-Alveolina ellipticaInterval Zone. This study demonstrates that the lithology of this limestone bed is equivalent to the Nummulitic Naopurdan group of the Zagros Low Fold and Thrust Belt since they have similar lithology and fossil contents. This section has not previously been described.
High Dose of Metformin Decreases Susceptibility to Occlusive Arterial Thrombosis in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Alvidrez Roberto I. Mota , Annarapu Gowtham K. , Sriniv Amudan J. , Liu Zeyu , Yazdani Hamza O. , Simmons Richard L. , Shiva Sruti , Neal Matthew D. , Nolfi-Donegan Deidre 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction Metformin is the most prescribed medication in Diabetes Mellitus(DM). Metformin has shown to decrease mean platelet volume, with promising antiplatelet effects. High doses of Metformin have also been associated with hypercoagulation. We hypothesize that Metformin will protect DM mice from occlusive arterial thrombus formation by altering platelet activation and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Methods DM was developed by low dose of Streptozotocin, healthy (non-DM) mice are controls. Either vehicle or Metformin was administered twice daily via oral gavage for 7-days. Ferric chloride (FeCl3) arterial thrombosis and tail bleeding time were performed. Whole blood aggregometry, platelet activation/adhesion and mitochondrial bioenergetics were evaluated. Results Metformin decreased susceptibility of DM mice to arterial thrombosis. Platelet bioenergetics show DM mice have increased platelet mitochondrial respiration, but no differences were observed with Metformin treatment. In healthy mice, Metformin modulated ADP-dependent increase in platelet adhesion. In healthy mice, Metformin shortens bleeding time with faster thrombotic occlusion. Metformin also increased platelet mitochondrial maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity uniquely in healthy mice. Conclusion Metformin regulates platelet bioenergetics and ADP-mediated platelet function in DM mice which attenuates susceptibility to arterial thrombosis. Future studies will evaluate clinically relevant doses of Metformin that regulates thrombotic function in diabetic platelets.
LINC01224 promotes the Warburg effect in gastric cancer by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α axis
Authors: Bin Yuling , Liu Minji , He Rong , Tang Pingfei , Qu Weiming , Wu Dajun , Tan Lin , Ai Qiongjia , Wang Qian , Jiang Peng , Li Defeng , Hu Hongsai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is an aggressive malignancy, and patients with advanced-stage GC have high rates of morbidity. The long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1224 (LINC01224) functions in the pathogenesis of many cancers. We performed in vitro and in vivo studies of the pathogenesis of GC to investigate the effects and mechanism of LINC01224 in this cancer.
METHODS: qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression of LINC01224, and qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to measure the expression of genes in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α axis (phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PI3K], AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin [mTOR], and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 [HIF-1α]) in GC cells. The function of LINC01224 in GC cells was determined using transfection experiments and measurements of cell viability, cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, cell migration, and cell invasion. Glucose metabolism was evaluated using a glucose uptake assay and measurements of lactate. A tumor xenograft model was used to examine the effect of LINC01224 on GC growth in vivo.
RESULTS:Up-regulation of LINC01224 in GC cells activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α axis and promoted aerobic glycolysis, thereby increasing cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, and decreasing apoptosis. Down-regulation of LINC01224 had the opposite effects.
CONCLUSION: LINC01224 promotes the in vitro and in vivo pathogenesis of GC due to upregulation of aerobic glycolysis by activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α axis. These results imply that future studies of GC should examine the effect of targeting of LINC01224 as a treatment strategy.
Die Entwicklung technikbezogener Überzeugungen im Rahmen inklusionspädagogischer Professionalisierung im Lehramtsstudium Sekundarstufe während der Corona-Semester
Authors: Rogge Franziska , Wagner Simon , Nowak Verena , Liebner Saskia , Entrich Steve R. , Krauskopf Karsten , Knigge Michel 
Published: July 2023

Die pandemiebedingte ad hoc Digitalisierung von Lehrveranstaltungen im Frühjahr 2020 war für Lehrende wie Lernende Chance und Herausforderung zugleich. Befunde zeigen, dass das flexible selbstständige Arbeiten und Kennenlernen von Potenzialen des digitalen Lehrens und Lernens positiv wahrgenommen, aber als besonders herausfordernd erlebt wurden. Ferner sind digitale Kompetenzen angehender Lehrkräfte eher gering ausgeprägt. Inklusionspädagogisch betrachtet können digitale Kompetenzen aber beispielsweise bei der Gestaltung von Individualisierungsmaßnahmen hilfreich sein. Dieser Beitrag betrachtet vor dem Hintergrund inklusionspädagogischer Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften im Studium die Entwicklung digitaler Kompetenzen längsschnittlich über den Verlauf von 3 Semestern (SoSe 2020 bis SoSe 2021) während der Covid-19-Pandemie. Hierfür wurden Latent Change Score Modelle für die Entwicklung der Technikbereitschaft als Facette digitaler Kompetenzen spezifiziert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich Technikkontrollüberzeugung und -akzeptanz als Facetten der Technikbereitschaft im Verlauf der untersuchten Semester jeweils positiv entwickelten. Die Lehramtsstudierenden betrachteten demnach eigene digitale Kompetenzen zunehmend als Teil ihrer eigenen Professionalisierung, was ein positiver Ausgangspunkt für die Gestaltung inklusiver Bildungssettings in der Kultur der Digitalität sein kann.

Abstract
The pandemic-related ad hoc digitisation of courses in spring 2020 was both an opportunity and a challenge for teachers and students. Findings show that flexible independent work and learning about the potential of digital teaching and learning were perceived positively, but experienced as particularly challenging. At the same time, digital competences of prospective teachers are rather low. In terms of inclusive education, however, digital competences can be helpful, for example, in the design of individualisation of teaching and learning. This article examines the development of digital competences longitudinally over the course of three semesters (summer semester 2020 to summer semester 2021) during the Covid 19 pandemic against the backdrop of the professionalization of teachers in inclusion pedagogy during their studies. For the investigation, latent change score models for the development of technology readiness as a facet of digital competences were specified. The results showed that technology control conviction and acceptance as facets of technology readiness developed positively in the course of the semesters investigated. Accordingly, the student teachers increasingly considered their own digital competences as part of their professionalization, which can be a positive starting point for the design of inclusive educational settings in the culture of digitality.