bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribal coalitions and lobbying outcomes: Evidence from administrative rulemaking
Authors: Dwidar Maraam A. , Marchetti Kathleen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAmerican Indians are among the most underrepresented, yet heavily regulated, groups in national politics. While Indian nations maintain statuses as sovereign nations, they, and their people, remain affected by national policies addressing their treaty, land, resource, and civil and political rights. Theories of American Indian political incorporation suggest that Indian nations thus deploy interest group tactics to maintain or achieve favorable policy outcomes. We argue thatcoalition building, a ubiquitous lobbying strategy, enhances tribal policy advocacy and that “Native‐dominant” coalitions—those in which Native interests constitute a majority of members—are more influential than their non‐Native‐dominant counterparts. We test these claims using data from administrative rulemaking and find support for our hypotheses. We conclude that the unique particularities of tribal advocacy distinguish Native coalitions from those of other groups, and that their strategic lobbying choices may help to mediate representational disparities in policymaking by the executive branch.
Immune suppressive microenvironment in liver metastases contributes to organ-specific response of immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Deng Jia-Yi , Gou Qing , Yang Lingling , Chen Zhi-Hong , Yang Ming-Yi , Yang Xiao-Rong , Yan Hong-Hong , Wei Xue-Wu , Liu Jia-Qi , Su Jian , Zhong Wen-Zhao , Xu Chong-Rui , Wu Yi-Long , Zhou Qing 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe liver is a frequent site of metastases and liver metastases (LM) correlate with diminished immunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to analyze whether tumor response to immunotherapy differs between pulmonary lesions (PL) and LM in NSCLC and to explore potential mechanisms through multiomics analysis.MethodsThis observational longitudinal clinical cohort study included patients with NSCLC with LM receiving immunotherapy was conducted to evaluate organ-specific tumor response of PL and LM. We collected paired PL and LM tumor samples to analyze the organ-specific difference using whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and multiplex immunohistochemistry.ResultsA total of 52 patients with NSCLC with LM were enrolled to evaluate the organ-specific response of immunotherapy. The objective response rate (21.1% vs 32.7%) and disease control rate of LM were lower than that of PL (67.3% vs 86.5%). One-third of patients showed mixed response, among whom 88.2% (15/17) presented with LM increasing, but PL decreasing, while the others had the opposite pattern (p=0.002). In another independent cohort, 27 pairs of matched PL and LM tumor samples from the same individuals, including six simultaneously collected pairs, were included in the translational part. Genomic landscapes profiling revealed similar somatic mutations, tumor mutational burden, and neoantigen number between PL and LM. Bulk-RNA sequencing showed immune activation-related genes includingCD8A,LCK, andICOSwere downregulated in LM. The antigen processing and presentation, natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity and T-cell receptor signaling pathway were enriched in PL compared with LM. Multiplex immunohistochemistry detected significantly lower fractions of CD8+cells (p=0.036) and CD56dim+cells (p=0.016) in LM compared with PL. Single-cell RNA sequencing also characterized lower effector CD8+T cells activation and NK cells cytotoxicity in LM.ConclusionsCompared with PL, LM presents an inferior organ-specific tumor response to immunotherapy. PL and LM showed limited heterogeneity in the genomic landscape, while the LM tumor microenvironment displayed lower levels of immune activation and infiltration than PL, which might contribute to developing precise immunotherapy strategies for patients with NSCLC with LM.
Investigation of light dark matter with 2$$\beta $$ decay experiments
Authors: Nozzoli Francesco , Follega Francesco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNuclei that are unstable with respect to double beta decay are investigated in this work for a novel dark matter (DM) direct detection approach. In particular, the diagram responsible for the neutrinoless double beta decay can be considered for the possible detection technique of a Majorana DM fermion inelastically scattering on a double beta unstable nucleus, stimulating its decay. The exothermic nature of the stimulated double beta decay would allow the direct detection also of a light DM fermion, a class of DM candidates that are difficult or impossible to investigate with the traditional elastic scattering techniques. The expected signal distribution for different DM masses and the upper limits on the nucleus scattering cross sections, are shown and compared with the existing data for the case of $$^{136}$$

136

Xe nucleus.
Young Basketball Players’ Multiple Object Tracking Skills Were Unaffected by Stroop-Induced Mental Fatigue
Authors: Faro Heloiana , Cavalcante Silva Douglas , Barbosa Bruno Teixeira , Costa Yago Pessoa da , Freitas-Junior Carlos Gilberto , de Lima-Junior Dalton , Faubert Jocelyn , Fortes Leonardo de Sousa 
Published: July 2023

We aimed to examine the acute effect of mental fatigue on young basketball players’ three-dimensional multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) skills. Our participants were 12 adolescent basketball players ( M age = 16.66, SD = 1.87 years; M years of practice = 2.66, SD = 1.07 years). In nine lab visits, we used visits 1 to 7 to familiarize participants with 3D-MOT, a subjective scale of mental fatigue, and a Stroop task involving mental set shifting. In the last two visits, participants performed in both experimental (EXP) and control (CON) conditions that were presented in randomized order. In the EXP condition, participants performed 3D-MOT pre- and post-60 minutes of induced mental fatigue; in the CON condition, they watched a documentary. After each condition, B participants performed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). 3D-MOT performance measures were the “score” and “fastest trial score success.” The response time on the Stroop tasks increased throughout the mental fatigue inducement in the experimental condition ( p = .0037). The NASA-TLX responses were higher following the EXP condition than following the CON condition for mental demand, temporal demand, and performance (all ps < .05). Still, there were no significant EXP versus CON differences on the 3D-MOT performance indicators.
Significance of marginal vessels in differentiating peripheral small-cell lung cancer and benign lung tumor
Authors: Zhang Xiao-chuan , Lv Fa-jin , Fu Bin-jie , Liang Zhang-rui , Chu Zhi-gang 
Published: July 2023

Background Some peripheral small cell lung cancers (pSCLCs) and benign lung tumors (pBLTs) have similar morphological features but different treatment and prognosis. Purpose To determine the significance of marginal vessels in differentiating pSCLCs and pBLTs. Material and Methods A total of 57 and 95 patients with pathological confirmed nodular (≤3 cm) pSCLC and pBLT with similar morphological features were enrolled in this study retrospectively. The patients' clinical characteristics and computed tomography (CT) features of tumors and marginal vessels (vessels connecting with tumors) were analyzed and compared. Results Compared with pBLTs, pSCLCs had a larger diameter ( P = 0.001) but lower enhancement ( P = 0.015) and fewer had calcification ( P = 0.013). Compared with pBLTs, more lesions had proximal (70.2% vs. 22.1%) and distal (59.6% vs. 4.2%) marginal vessels in pSCLCs (each P < 0.0001). In addition, in pSCLCs, the numbers of proximal (1.3 ± 1.4 vs. 0.3 ± 0.6), distal (2.4 ± 3.1 vs. 0.1 ± 0.5), and total (3.6 ± 3.5 vs. 0.4 ± 1.0) marginal vessels were all more than those in pBLTs (each P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the positive distal marginal vessel sign had the highest specificity (95.8%), and the number of total marginal vessels had the best performance in discriminating pSCLC from pBLT (cutoff value = 1.5, AUC = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.72–0.89, sensitivity = 70.2%, and specificity = 91.6%). Conclusion For peripheral solid nodules similar to pBLTs but without any calcification, the possibility of pSCLC should be considered if they have multiple marginal vessels (≥2), especially the distal ones.
Retrospective study of canine blood xenotransfusion compared with type-matched feline blood allotransfusion to cats: indications, effectiveness, limitations and adverse effects
Authors: Elkin Maria , Amichay-Menashe Noa , Segev Gilad , Kelmer Efrat , Adlersberg Dana , Aroch Itamar , Klainbart Sigal 
Published: July 2023

Objectives Xenotransfusion is the transfusion of blood from one species to another. With varying availability of allogenic feline blood (AFB) and in emergency conditions, circumstances occur when canine blood is transfused to cats. This study aimed to characterise the indications, effectiveness, limitations, and acute and late transfusion-related adverse effects of canine blood xenotransfusion compared with matched AFB to anaemic cats, and their survival and longer-term outcome. Methods This retrospective study (2013–2020) examined cats receiving canine blood xenotransfusions or AFB. Results The study included 311 cats (xenotransfusion [X-group], n = 105; allotransfusion [A-group], n = 206). Xenotransfusion was more frequent among cats sustaining haemorrhage than in those with haemolysis ( P <0.01) or hypoproliferative anaemia ( P <0.001). Financial constraints were the most common reason to elect xenotransfusion (49%). The post-transfusion mean packed cell volume was higher ( P <0.001) in the X-group (22%) compared with the A-group (18%), and also higher ( P <0.001) at 48–96 h post-transfusion (23% vs 18%, respectively). Transfusion-related adverse effects (TRAEs) were more frequent ( P = 0.001) in the X-group (37.1%) compared with the A-group (19.4%), as were delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions (85% vs 42.5%, respectively; P <0.001). Acute transfusion reactions (ATRs) were more frequent ( P <0.001) in the A-group (60%) compared with the X-group (20%). TRAEs were unassociated with survival to discharge. The survival to discharge rate of the X-group (55%) was lower ( P = 0.007) than in the A-group (73%), while post-discharge survival rates to 30 days of cats surviving to discharge were 90% and 88%, respectively ( P = 0.85). Conclusions and relevance Canine blood xenotransfusions to cats might save lives in emergency conditions when AFB is unavailable or blood typing is infeasible. The survival to discharge rate of the X-group was lower than that of the A-group. The longer-term survival rate of cats administered xenotransfusions and surviving to discharge from the hospital was good.
Viruses, bacteria and parasites: infection of the male genital tract and fertility
Authors: Guiton Rachel , Drevet Joël R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundInfertility affects one couple out of six worldwide. Male infertilty can result from congenital or acquired factors, of which pathogens that reach the genital tract through sexual contact or blood dissemination. The impact of major viral, bacterial and parasitic infections on the male genital tract and fertility has been summarized.Results and conclusionsA systematic review of articles published in the Google Scholar and PubMed databases was conducted. It turns out that viruses, as well as bacteria and parasites are major inducers of male genital tract infections and ensuing infertility through damage to the organs and subsequent loss of function and/or through direct damage to the sperm cells. Moreover, not only male infertility results from such infections but these can also be transmitted to women and even to the offspring, thus highlighting the need to efficiently detect, treat and prevent them.
Towards a cooperative governance. Lessons learned from the only Italian “River, Lake, and Coastal” Contract
Authors: Altamore Sara , De Leo Daniela 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper is a contribution to a special issue of “Interdisciplinarity and governance in water landscapes” with a critical reflection on the “Marta-Bolsena-Tarquinia” River, Lake, and Coast Contract research experience in the Lazio Region. This Contract is the only one in Italy that covers three different water landscapes, from lake to coast (Lake Bolsena, the river Marta and the Tarquinia coastline), all in the same water basin. However, despite the ambitious premises, research shows how this Contract has partially failed. Indeed, the in-depth study offers a commentary not only to better understand what did not work in this River, Lake, and Coast Contract process, but also to suggest how to move on from a formal coalition, towards much more cooperative practices by reforming the redistribution of responsibilities, power, and knowledge.
Comparing different trend estimation approaches in country means and standard deviations in international large-scale assessment studies
Authors: Robitzsch Alexander , Lüdtke Oliver 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOne major aim of international large-scale assessments (ILSA) like PISA is to monitor changes in student performance over time. To accomplish this task, a set of common items (i.e., link items) is repeatedly administered in each assessment. Linking methods based on item response theory (IRT) models are used to align the results from the different assessments on a common scale. This work employs the one-parameter logistic (1PL) and the two-parameter logistic (2PL) IRT models as scaling models for dichotomous item response data. The present article discusses different types of trend estimates in country means and standard deviations for countries in ILSA. These types differ in three aspects. First, the trend can be assessed by an indirect or direct linking approach for linking a country’s performance at an international metric. Second, the linking for the trend estimation can rely on either all items or only the link items. Third, item parameters can be assumed to be invariant or noninvariant across countries. It is shown that the most often employed trend estimation methods of original trends and marginal trends can be conceived as particular cases of indirect and direct linking approaches, respectively. Through a simulation study and analytical derivations, it is demonstrated that trend estimates using a direct linking approach and those that rely on only link items outperformed alternatives for the 1PL model with uniform country differential item functioning (DIF) and the 2PL model with uniform and nonuniform country DIF. We also illustrated the performance of the different scaling models for assessing the PISA trend from PISA 2006 to PISA 2009 in the cognitive domains of reading, mathematics, and science. In this empirical application, linking errors based on jackknifing testlets were utilized that adequately quantify DIF effects in the uncertainty of trend estimates.
Reliability of the 44-question Home Fall Hazard Assessment Tool and demographic characteristics associated with home hazards among the Thai elderly
Authors: Wittayapun Yuwadee , Nawarat Jiraphat , Lapmanee Sarawut , Mackenzie Lynette , Lektip Charupa 
Published: July 2023

Background: The 44-question Thai Home Fall Hazard Assessment Tool (Thai-HFHAT) was developed to assist healthcare professionals in identifying the risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults from their home environment. However, the reliability of this tool has not been studied. This study aimed to examine the reliability of the 44-question Thai-HFHAT and determine the demographic characteristics associated with home hazards. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate inter-rater reliability. The participants in this study were 51 older people from various types of Thai houses: a one-story elevated house, a one-story non-elevated house, and a house with two or more floors, 51 caregivers of older patients, and 5 village health volunteers (VHV). A prospective design was used to evaluate test-retest reliability with older people at different times in their homes. All participants answered 44 Thai-HFHAT questions to determine inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities. The reliabilities were analyzed using an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Demographic characteristics including sex, occupation, and education were used to identify the factors affecting home hazards, and linear regression was used to analyze. Results: The ICC of inter-rater reliability of the 44-question Thai-HFHAT was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.57-0.84) and the test-retest reliability was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.64-0.88) for the older adults, 0.80 (95% CI: 0.65-0.89) for the caregivers and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.477-0.83) for the VHV. In demographic variables, personal business career and education level (grades 1-3) had significant relations with the total number of home hazards in the 44-questions Thai-HFHAT. Conclusions: The 44-question Thai-HFHAT is suitable for home hazard assessment among older adults in Thailand. Further studies are needed to investigate changes in the house environment after using the 44-question Thai-HFHAT to determine which changes can reduce fall risk.
Effect of airway masks on physiological parameters of healthcare workers: a clinical trial
Authors: Rahmad Rahmad , Nugroho Muhammad Barlian , Ridwan Mochammad , Narasati Shabrina , Tjahjono Cholid Tri , Holipah Holipah , Rohman Mohammad Saifur 
Published: July 2023

Background: Airway masks helps protect the wearer’s respiratory environment. There are many types of airway masks which differ in materials and effectiveness. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a surgical mask, the N95 mask, and an elastomeric respirator mask on cardiopulmonary, metabolic, and subjective parameters on healthcare workers. Methods: We conducted a controlled clinical trial on healthcare workers aged between 17-35 years old. Each subject performed a treadmill test (speed 5.6 km/hour) for 30 minutes while their physiological variables were monitored (pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, end-tidal CO2, body temperature, Borg scale, talk test, blood lactate, intermittent blood sugar, and subjective indicators). Each healthcare workers will be tested for four treatments, namely without using a mask, surgical mask, N95 mask, and elastomeric respirator. Results: All healthcare workers (age 25.10 ± 2.2 years old; 5 males and 5 females) completed the protocol with no adverse event. Pair-wise comparison using two-way ANOVA reported no significant difference within the mask condition for pulse rate (p=0.6497), respiratory rate (p=0.6772), oxygen saturation, (p=0.2587), end-tidal CO2 (p=0.0191), body temperature (p=0.7425), Borg scale (p=0.0930), blood lactate (p=0.6537) and glucose (p=0.8755). A statistically significant difference was reported in talk test (p=0.0129) with elastomeric respirator group showing highest result compared to control. Similarly, statistical significance was reported in subjective indicator of tightness (p=0.0017) with highest mean rank seen in N95 mask condition. However, these differences were clinically insignificant. Conclusions: The effect of surgical mask, N95 mask, and elastomeric respirator on the cardiopulmonary parameters, metabolic parameters, and subjective indicators during 30 minutes of low-moderate intensity exercise is negligible and generally well tolerated by healthcare workers. Registration: TCTR20230630001
Validation of ageism scale for dental students in India: (Ageism Scale for Dental Students- India) – a cross sectional study.
Authors: Shenoy Ramya , Jodalli Praveen S , Rao B Shushma , Shetty Aishwarya Shodhan , Thomas Manuel , Shigli Kamal , Marchini Leonardo 
Published: July 2023

Background: Ageism persists in many different societies as it is innate and subconscious in nature. Negative effects such as loneliness, mistreatment, and occupational discrimination are frequently present due to ageism. The dental students in our study were wary of the possible benefits of expensive dental care because ageism is rife in their field. There is no validated and reliable ageism scale to assess how dental students perceive ageism in India. The current study was carried out to validate the ageism scale for dental students in the Indian context. Methods: This was a cross sectional analytical study carried out among both males and females in Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore in which the instrument was 27-item Ageism scale for dental students. Content validity was done by six subject experts. The final version was administered to 213 students/Residents of dental school. The factorability of data was confirmed with KMO = 0.61 and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity resulting in p < 0.001. Results: Final PCA model resulted in 15 items and six components that together accounted for 70.37% of overall variance. The six components had reliability ranging from marginal 0.51 (Component 6) to a high of 0.81 (Component 3). As per the gender differences by component females showed less ageism than men in “non-compliance” (-0.9(-1.66-0.14), p<0.05) and “practitioner perspective” (1.43 (0.84, 2.03), p<0.01). Statistical significance was seen in Barriers/concerns in dental treatment of elderly where residents showed reversed (1.4 (0.41, 2.38), p<0.01). Urban group showed more ageism for component ‘time restraint’ (-0.79 (-1.57, -0.02), p<0.05. Conclusion: Preliminary validation resulted in 15 item scale with six components with acceptable validity of the ageism scale and could be further tested in large samples. This scale will help recognize ageism in Indian context and provide necessary information to make changes in the curriculum as required.
Ecophysiological studies of Citrullus colocynthis in response to spatial and seasonal changes in Wadi Al-Akhder, Tabuk Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AL-QAHTANI SALEM MESFIR 
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Al-Qahtani SM. 2023. Ecophysiological studies of Citrullus colocynthis in response to spatial and seasonal changes in Wadi Al-Akhder, Tabuk Region, Saudi Arabia. Biodiversitas 24: 3292-3299. In order to achieve stress tolerance of Citrullus colocynthis (C. colocynthis), the soil physicochemical properties and chemical composition of plants in response to spatial and seasonal changes were investigated in Wadi Al-Akhder, Tabuk region, Saudi Arabia. The ANOVA results showed significant differences in studied factors for soil physicochemical properties and chemical composition of C. colocynthis. Soil pH was observed to range between neutral and slightly alkaline in the study region. Most soil physicochemical properties and most chemical composition extracted from C. colocynthisplants collected from Wadi Al-Akhder in the upstream and midstream sites were significantly increased compared with other stream sites, respectively. Most physicochemical properties of the soil supporting C. colocynthis significantly increased during the upstream sites 20-40 depth. In winter, C. colocynthis showed higher contents of mineral compositions (nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium), photosynthetic pigments, moisture content percentage, and chemical compositions including ash, crude fiber, crude protein, and carbohydrate contents compared to those in summer while the opposite was found in the case of phosphorus and proline contents. Most chemical compositions extracted from C. colocynthis were greater in the winter season than in the summer season in the downstream site. During the desert environment, C. colocynthis plants tend to metabolic adaptation and resistance to external stress by accumulating osmolytes such as phosphorus, calcium, total pigment, and proline.