bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes: methods and applications
Authors: Alosime Eid M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this review, the radiolytic and physical methods that can be used for the functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their applications as a support for fuel cell electrodes are described. Alloy nanoparticles have also been examined. For example, Pt–Ru nanoparticles were deposited onto a functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composite by reducing metal ions (e.g., Pt4+ and Ru3+) here using γ-irradiation and, hence, creating Pt–Ru/MWNT catalysts. The morphology, size, and composition of these Pt–Ru/MWNT catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analysis, respectively. The efficiency of the Pt–Ru/MWNT catalyst was examined for use in the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and methanol. The results of stripping voltammetry for the adsorbed CO on the Pt–Ru/MWNT catalyst electrodes indicated that CO oxidation was energetically favorable at these electrodes. Thus, Pt–Ru/MWNT catalysts were found to be suitable for electrode assembly in direct methanol fuel cells.
Clustering pattern and evolution characteristic of microRNAs in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Niu Huiqin , Pang Yifan , Xie Lingli , Yu Qiaozhen , Shen Yubang , Li Jiale , Xu Xiaoyan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundA considerable fraction of microRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, and certain miRNAs correspond to genomic clusters. The clustering of miRNAs can be advantageous, possibly by allowing coordinated expression. However, little is known about the evolutionary forces responsible for the loss and acquisition of miRNA and miRNA clusters.ResultsThe results demonstrated that several novel miRNAs arose throughout grass carp evolution. Duplication and de novo production were critical strategies for miRNA cluster formation. Duplicates accounted for a smaller fraction of the expansion in the grass carp miRNA than de novo creation. Clustered miRNAs are more conserved and change slower, whereas unique miRNAs usually have high evolution rates and low expression levels. The expression level of miRNA expression in clusters is strongly correlated.ConclusionsThis study examines the genomic distribution, evolutionary background, and expression regulation of grass carp miRNAs. Our findings provide novel insights into the genesis and development of miRNA clusters in teleost.
Intraspecific variations in leaf functional traits of Cunninghamia lanceolata provenances
Authors: Xu Rui , Cheng Shundan , Zhou Jing , Tigabu Mulualem , Ma Xiangqing , Li Ming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Studies on intra-specific variability in leaf functional traits is important to evaluate adaptation of the species to predicted climate change, and to develop long-term conservation strategy. The main objectives were to investigate the relationship between the functional traits leaves and C, N, P stoichiometry of Chinese fir from different geographical provenances and their relationship with the main environmental factors of provenance.

Results
In this study, we measured 12 leaf functional traits on 36-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata trees from 13 provenances. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to examine the variability. Redundancy analysis (RA) was computed to examine the relationship between geo-climatic factors of provenance origin and leaf functional traits while Pearson’s correlation coefficient was computed to assess inter-trait correlations. The results showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) in intraspecific leaf traits among provenances, except leaf P content. The relationships among leaf traits are consistent with the general trend observed in the leaf economic spectrum. Mean annual temperature appeared to be a key factor that influences intraspecific leaf traits variability compared to mean annual precipitation.

Conclusion
These results provide useful insights about adaptation of leaf trait of Chinese fir in a changing climatic condition. Thus, our findings shed light on the importance of interspecific trait variability in Chinese fir and the potential effect of climate change.
Uncovering the involvement of DoDELLA1-interacting proteins in development by characterizing the DoDELLA gene family in Dendrobium officinale
Authors: Zeng Danqi , Si Can , Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. , Shi Hongyu , Chen Jing , Huang Lei , Duan Juan , He Chunmei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Gibberellins (GAs) are widely involved in plant growth and development. DELLA proteins are key regulators of plant development and a negative regulatory factor of GA. Dendrobium officinale is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, but little is known about D. officinale DELLA proteins. Assessing the function of D. officinale DELLA proteins would provide an understanding of their roles in this orchid’s development.

Results
In this study, the D. officinale DELLA gene family was identified. The function of DoDELLA1 was analyzed in detail. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of all DoDELLA genes were significantly up-regulated in multiple shoots and GA3-treated leaves. DoDELLA1 and DoDELLA3 were significantly up-regulated in response to salt stress but were significantly down-regulated under drought stress. DoDELLA1 was localized in the nucleus. A strong interaction was observed between DoDELLA1 and DoMYB39 or DoMYB308, but a weak interaction with DoWAT1.

Conclusions
In D. officinale, a developmental regulatory network involves a close link between DELLA and other key proteins in this orchid’s life cycle. DELLA plays a crucial role in D. officinale development.
Is it possible to reduce the rate of vertical transmission and improve perinatal outcomes by inclusion of remdesivir in treatment regimen of pregnant women with COVID–19?
Authors: Tavakoli Nader , Chaichian Shahla , Sadraei Jamileh Sadat , Sarhadi Saeedeh , Bidgoli Sepideh Arbabi , Rokhsat Elnaz , Anoushirvani Katayoon , Nikfar Banafsheh , Mehdizadehkashi Abolfazl 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) is currently one of the world's most critical health issues so far. Given the importance of appropriate treatment in pregnancy and the controversies about Remdesivir effectiveness and complications, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Remdesivir on maternal, fetal, and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID–19 diseases.

Methods
A total of 189 pregnant women with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for SARS–COV–2, and oxygen saturation [SpO2] of < 95%) were admitted to 12 hospitals affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences from March 1st, 2020 to June 7th, 2021, namely the first four COVID-19 Picks in Iran. They were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study by census method and categorized into case and control groups, based on the inclusion of Remdesivir in their treatment protocol. Demographics, clinical outcomes, and pregnancy-related complications of the mothers and the neonates were compared between the two study groups.

Results
A comparison of 54 mothers in the case and 135 in the control group showed no demographic and clinical characteristics difference. Neonates whose mothers did not receive Remdesivir had a higher rate of positive PCR (10.2%), compared to the Remdesivir group (1.9%) with a relative risk of 0.91 reported for Remdesivir (95% CI: 0.85–0.98, P = 0.04); besides, Remdesivir resulted in fewer neonatal intensive care unit admission rates in mild/moderate COVID–19 group (RR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.105–1.02, P = 0.03). Although neonatal death between the two groups was not statistically significant, from the clinical point seems important; 1(1.9%) in the case vs. 9(7.2%) in the control group. Interestingly LOS (Length of Stay) in the hospital was longer in the case group (median of 7 vs. 3 days; P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
The inclusion of Remdesivir in the treatment protocol of pregnant women with COVID–19 may reduce vertical transmission and improve perinatal outcomes, thus being suggested to be considered.
Identification of four metabolic subtypes and key prognostic markers in lung adenocarcinoma based on glycolytic and glutaminolytic pathways
Authors: Zhang Jinjin , Wang Xiaopeng , Song Congkuan , Li Qi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Glucose and glutamine are the main energy sources for tumor cells. Whether glycolysis and glutaminolysis play a critical role in driving the molecular subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unknown. This study attempts to identify LUAD metabolic subtypes with different characteristics and key genes based on gene transcription profiling data related to glycolysis and glutaminolysis, and to construct prognostic models to facilitate patient outcome prediction.

Methods
LUAD related data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, including TCGA-LUAD, GSE42127, GSE68465, GSE72094, GSE29013, GSE31210, GSE30219, GSE37745, GSE50081. Unsupervised consensus clustering was used for the identification of LUAD subtypes. Differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and CytoNCA App in Cytoscape 3.9.0 were used for the screening of key genes. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for the construction of the prognostic risk model. Finally, qPCR analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence colocalization were used to validate the core genes of the model.

Result
This study identified four distinct characterized LUAD metabolic subtypes, glycolytic, glutaminolytic, mixed and quiescent types. The glycolytic type had a worse prognosis than the glutaminolytic type. Nine genes (CXCL8, CNR1, AGER, ALB, S100A7, SLC2A1, TH, SPP1, LEP) were identified as hub genes driving the glycolytic/glutaminolytic LUAD. In addition, the risk assessment model constructed based on three genes (SPP1, SLC2A1 and AGER) had good predictive performance and could be validated in multiple independent external LUAD cohorts. These three genes were differentially expressed in LUAD and lung normal tissues, and might be potential prognostic markers for LUAD.

Conclusion
LUAD can be classified into four different characteristic metabolic subtypes based on the glycolysis- and glutaminolysis-related genes. Nine genes (CXCL8, CNR1, AGER, ALB, S100A7, SLC2A1, TH, SPP1, LEP) may play an important role in the subtype-intrinsic drive. This metabolic subtype classification, provides new biological insights into the previously established LUAD subtypes.
‘Harnessing the power of the law’: a qualitative analysis of the legal determinants of health in English urban planning and recommendations for fairer and healthier decision-making
Authors: Montel Lisa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Urban environments impact negatively on the risks of non-communicable diseases and perpetuate health inequalities. Against this, law could play a critical role, notably through implementing and securing visions of health and well-being, and evidence-based interventions.

Methods
Seven teams conducted 123 interviews with 132 actors in urban planning in England. Teams had expertise in urban planning, transport, real estate, public health, public policy, administration, and management. An additional team with expertise in law analysed data from all interviews to explore how the law is perceived and used to promote health in urban planning.

Results
Six issues were identified as preventing actors from using the law to improve health in urban planning: (i) density and complexity of the law; (ii) weak and outdated regulatory standards; (iii) absence of health from legal requirements in the decision-making process; (iv) inconsistent interpretations by actors with competing interests; (v) lack of strong health evidence-based local planning policies; and (vi) inertia of the law.

Conclusions
The legal determinants of health listed in the Lancet-O’Neill Commission’s report need to be strengthened at the local level to effectively deploy law in English urban development. The findings call for strong, evidence-based local planning policies and decision-making frameworks, placing health as (one of the) core value(s) of urban planning and showing what types of development benefit health, i.e., prevent NCDs risks and reduce health inequalities on the long term. The legal capacity of local government should be strengthened to empower decision-makers in shaping urban development that promotes health for everyone.
Childhood obesity inequality in northeast China: joint effect of social economic status and school neighborhood environment
Authors: Liu Yang , Trude Angela Cristina Bizzotto , Song Shenzhi , Jiang Nan , Wang Shihan , Gittelsohn Joel , Wen Deliang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundObesogenic environment is important in driving obesity epidemic. Children spend large amount of their time in schools. School neighborhood environment, as well as its interaction with socioeconomic status (SES) needs to be explored to provide evidence for children obesity prevention policies.MethodsObjective anthropometric measurement, a household structured questionnaire, and school geospatial analyses were carried out on 3670 children (aged 9–12 years) of 26 schools in northeast China. Interaction between SES inter-categorical intersectionality group and school neighborhood environment was tested for the effect on children’s body mass index z scores (z-BMI) and waist–hip ratio z scores (z-WHR), following formulation of SES inter-categorical intersectionality group based on household wealth, parental education, and parental occupation.ResultsSES groups formed by household wealth, parental education and parental occupation was associated with z-BMI and z-WHR for girls. Those from moderate wealth & self-employed (M&S) families had the highest adjusted z-BMI and z-WHR among all SES groups. School neighborhood environment factors interacted with SES groups in association with WHR for girls. Number of school neighborhood supermarkets and residential sites were negatively associated with z-WHR for girls from M&S families (β= -0.45 (95%CI: -0.76, -0.15) for supermarkets; β= -0.01 (95%CI: -0.03, 0.00) for residential sites). Number of school neighborhood convenience stores and public transport stops were positively associated with z-WHR for girls from M&S families (β = 0.02 (95%CI: 0.00, 0.03) for convenience stores; β = 0.23 (95%CI: 0.15, 0.31) for public transport stops). While non-significant association was found for number of vegetable stores.ConclusionGirls from moderate wealth & self-employed families may be the group susceptible to school neighborhood environment. Local policies targeted at improving the school neighborhood environment may be one avenue for reducing socioeconomic disparities in obesity especially for girls.
Stronger together: Coping behaviours and mental health changes of Canadian adolescents in early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Riazi Negin A. , Battista Katelyn , Duncan Markus J. , Wade Terrance J. , Pickett William , Ferro Mark A. , Leatherdale Scott T. , Patte Karen A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent public health restrictions on the mental health of adolescents is of global concern. The purpose of this study was to examine how Canadian adolescents coped during the early pandemic and whether different coping methods were associated with changes in mental health from before the pandemic to the early lockdown response.

Methods
Using two-year linked survey data (2018–2020) from a prospective cohort of secondary school students (n = 3,577), linear regression models were used to examine whether changes in mental health (anxiety [Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale], depression [Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression 10-item scale Revised], emotion regulation [Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale], psychosocial well-being [Flourishing scale]) were related to each coping behaviour.

Results
The most common reported coping behaviours included staying connected with friends online (78.8%), playing video games, watching TV/movies, and/or surfing the internet/social media (76.2%), studying or working on schoolwork (71.0%), and getting exercise (65.2%). The use of positive coping mechanisms during the early pandemic period (e.g., keeping a regular schedule, time with family, time with friends online) was associated with less adverse mental health changes from before to during the early lockdown; whereas, negative coping mechanisms (e.g., spending time alone, eating junk food) were consistently associated with more adverse mental health changes.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the importance of social support and connections with both friends and family, as well as keeping and maintaining a routine, over the pandemic. Interventions supporting positive relationships and engagement in these coping behaviours may be protective for adolescent mental health during disruptive events.
The effect of interlaminar Coflex stabilization in the topping-off procedure on local and global spinal sagittal alignment
Authors: Wang Dong-Fan , Zhu Wei-Guo , Wang Wei , Kong Chao , Lu Shi-Bao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the effect of interlaminar Coflex stabilization (ICS) at various segments in the topping-off procedure on local and global spinal sagittal alignment.

Methods
Eighty-nine consecutive patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) who underwent ICS and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into Group A (L4-L5 ICS + L5-S1 TLIF), Group B (L3-L4 ICS + L4-S1 TLIF), and Group C (L2-L3 ICS + L3-S1 TLIF) according to their fusion levels. The measured local sagittal parameters included the implanted segmental angle (ISA), intervertebral disc angle (IDA), intervertebral foreman height (IFH), and disc height. The assessed global sagittal parameters included thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis (LL), the fused segment angle (FSA), the sacral slope, the pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, and the sagittal vertical axis. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analog scales (VAS) were recorded to evaluate the clinical outcomes.

Results
Regarding the local alignment parameters, the ISA and IDA decreased immediately after surgery in Groups A and B, followed by an increase at the last follow-up (all, P < 0.05). Conversely, the IFH of Groups A and B first increased after surgery and then decreased to approximately the original value (all, P < 0.05). No significant differences were evident between the local sagittal parameters at different time points in Group C. Regarding the global sagittal profiles, the LL and FSA exhibited a significant postoperative increase (both at P < 0.05) in all the groups. All three groups displayed significant improvements in the ODI, VAS-back pain, and VAS-leg pain. Furthermore, 4.5% (4/89) of the patients exhibited radiographic adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) at the last follow-up.

Conclusion
ICS during topping-off surgery led to a temporary loss of local lordosis, especially in the lower lumbar segment, while the intervertebral space realigned after middle-term follow-up. The topping-off procedure with ICS is a feasible and promising surgical option of DLSS since it reduces fusion levels and prevents ASD development.
Prevalence and severity of urinary incontinence and associated factors in Iranian postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alizadeh Afsaneh , Montazeri Maryam , Shabani Fatemeh , Bani Soheila , Hassanpour Shirin , Nabighadim Mahsan , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundUrinary incontinence (UI) is one of the most common symptoms during menopause, leading to a decreased quality of life and limited social activities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in postmenopausal women.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study using cluster sampling on 433 postmenopausal women in Tabriz-Iran, 2021–2022. Data were collected using questionnaires of socio-demographic characteristics, Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID), and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UISF). Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors related to urinary incontinence.ResultsThe overall prevalence of urinary incontinence was 39.5%; 20.6% stress urinary incontinence (SUI), 10.4% urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), and 8.5% mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of SUI (aOR 0.38; 95% CI 0.18–0.77) and UUI (aOR 0.38; 95% CI 0.15–0.94) was significantly lower in women with three childbirths than the ones with fewer childbirths. Also, the odds of UUI increased significantly in women at the 50–55 age range (aOR 3.88; 95% CI 1.16–12.93) than those less than 50 years.ConclusionDue to the high prevalence of urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women, caregivers should screen for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of urinary incontinence to prevent its destructive impact on the quality of life.
Lack of oral health awareness and interdisciplinary dental care: a survey in patients prior to endoprosthesis and orthopaedic centres in Germany
Authors: Schmalz Gerhard , Lenzen Carina , Reuschel Florentine , Fenske Fabian , Haak Rainer , Goralski Szymon , Roth Andreas , Ziebolz Dirk 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This cross-sectional survey aimed to evaluate the oral health behaviour of patients prior to endoprosthesis (EP), as well as the handling of oral health topics by German orthopaedic surgeons.

Materials and methods
Consecutive patients prior to EP answered a questionnaire regarding oral health behaviour, oral hygiene, oral complaints and information on the relationship between EP and oral health. Another questionnaire was digitally mailed to orthopaedic centres throughout Germany. This questionnaire included the importance of oral health for EP and issues on dental referrals/consultations prior to EP.

Results
A total of 172 patients were included in the study, of whom 35.5% of patients reported that they were informed about oral health and EP. Half of the individuals reported regular professional tooth cleaning, and less than one-third (29.1%) reported of the performance of interdental cleaning. Information on oral health and EP was associated with regular professional tooth cleaning (yes: 59.8% vs. no: 35.6%, p = 0.01). A total of 221 orthopaedic clinics were included in the study, of which only a few had dental contact (14%), although the majority (92.8%) of the clinics were familiar with causal relationships between oral health and EP infections. Less than half of the centres reported of either verbal (48%) or written (43.9%) referrals for their patients to the dentist. University Medical Centres reported of more frequent dental contacts (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Prior to EP, patients exhibited deficits in oral health behaviour, and orthopaedic clinics exhibited a lack of dental collaboration. Improvements in interdisciplinary care, especially regarding practical concepts for patient referral and education on oral health, appear to be necessary.