bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parasubthalamic calretinin neurons modulate wakefulness associated with exploration in male mice
Authors: Guo Han , Jiang Jian-Bo , Xu Wei , Zhang Mu-Tian , Chen Hui , Shi Huan-Ying , Wang Lu , He Miao , Lazarus Michael , Li Shan-Qun , Huang Zhi-Li , Qu Wei-Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe parasubthalamic nucleus (PSTN) is considered to be involved in motivation, feeding and hunting, all of which are highly depending on wakefulness. However, the roles and underlying neural circuits of the PSTN in wakefulness remain unclear. Neurons expressing calretinin (CR) account for the majority of PSTN neurons. In this study in male mice, fiber photometry recordings showed that the activity of PSTNCR neurons increased at the transitions from non-rapid eye movement (non-REM, NREM) sleep to either wakefulness or REM sleep, as well as exploratory behavior. Chemogenetic and optogenetic experiments demonstrated that PSTNCR neurons were necessary for initiating and/or maintaining arousal associated with exploration. Photoactivation of projections of PSTNCR neurons revealed that they regulated exploration-related wakefulness by innervating the ventral tegmental area. Collectively, our findings indicate that PSTNCR circuitry is essential for the induction and maintenance of the awake state associated with exploration.
Hidden chemical order in disordered Ba7Nb4MoO20 revealed by resonant X-ray diffraction and solid-state NMR
Authors: Yasui Yuta , Tansho Masataka , Fujii Kotaro , Sakuda Yuichi , Goto Atsushi , Ohki Shinobu , Mogami Yuuki , Iijima Takahiro , Kobayashi Shintaro , Kawaguchi Shogo , Osaka Keiichi , Ikeda Kazutaka , Otomo Toshiya , Yashima Masatomo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe chemical order and disorder of solids have a decisive influence on the material properties. There are numerous materials exhibiting chemical order/disorder of atoms with similar X-ray atomic scattering factors and similar neutron scattering lengths. It is difficult to investigate such order/disorder hidden in the data obtained from conventional diffraction methods. Herein, we quantitatively determined the Mo/Nb order in the high ion conductor Ba7Nb4MoO20 by a technique combining resonant X-ray diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and first-principle calculations. NMR provided direct evidence that Mo atoms occupy only the M2 site near the intrinsically oxygen-deficient ion-conducting layer. Resonant X-ray diffraction determined the occupancy factors of Mo atoms at the M2 and other sites to be 0.50 and 0.00, respectively. These findings provide a basis for the development of ion conductors. This combined technique would open a new avenue for in-depth investigation of the hidden chemical order/disorder in materials.
Metabolomic differentiation of benign vs malignant pulmonary nodules with high specificity via high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of patient sera
Authors: Yao Yao , Wang Xueping , Guan Jian , Xie Chuanbo , Zhang Hui , Yang Jing , Luo Yao , Chen Lili , Zhao Mingyue , Huo Bitao , Yu Tiantian , Lu Wenhua , Liu Qiao , Du Hongli , Liu Yuying , Huang Peng , Luan Tiangang , Liu Wanli , Hu Yumin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDifferential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules detected by computed tomography (CT) remains a challenge in clinical practice. Here, we characterize the global metabolomes of 480 serum samples including healthy controls, benign pulmonary nodules, and stage I lung adenocarcinoma. The adenocarcinoma demonstrates a distinct metabolomic signature, whereas benign nodules and healthy controls share major similarities in metabolomic profiles. A panel of 27 metabolites is identified in the discovery cohort (n = 306) to distinguish between benign and malignant nodules. The discriminant model achieves an AUC of 0.915 and 0.945 in the internal validation (n = 104) and external validation cohort (n = 111), respectively. Pathway analysis reveals elevation in glycolytic metabolites associated with decreased tryptophan in serum of lung adenocarcinoma vs benign nodules and healthy controls, and demonstrates that uptake of tryptophan promotes glycolysis in lung cancer cells. Our study highlights the value of the serum metabolite biomarkers in risk assessment of pulmonary nodules detected by CT screening.
Mitochondrial complex III deficiency drives c-MYC overexpression and illicit cell cycle entry leading to senescence and segmental progeria
Authors: Purhonen Janne , Banerjee Rishi , Wanne Vilma , Sipari Nina , Mörgelin Matthias , Fellman Vineta , Kallijärvi Jukka 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests mitochondria as key modulators of normal and premature aging, yet whether primary oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficiency can cause progeroid disease remains unclear. Here, we show that mice with severe isolated respiratory complex III (CIII) deficiency display nuclear DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, aberrant mitoses, and cellular senescence in the affected organs such as liver and kidney, and a systemic phenotype resembling juvenile-onset progeroid syndromes. Mechanistically, CIII deficiency triggers presymptomatic cancer-like c-MYC upregulation followed by excessive anabolic metabolism and illicit cell proliferation against lack of energy and biosynthetic precursors. Transgenic alternative oxidase dampens mitochondrial integrated stress response and the c-MYC induction, suppresses the illicit proliferation, and prevents juvenile lethality despite that canonical OXPHOS-linked functions remain uncorrected. Inhibition of c-MYC with the dominant-negative Omomyc protein relieves the DNA damage in CIII-deficient hepatocytes in vivo. Our results connect primary OXPHOS deficiency to genomic instability and progeroid pathogenesis and suggest that targeting c-MYC and aberrant cell proliferation may be therapeutic in mitochondrial diseases.
Sample-to-answer platform for the clinical evaluation of COVID-19 using a deep learning-assisted smartphone-based assay
Authors: Lee Seungmin , Kim Sunmok , Yoon Dae Sung , Park Jeong Soo , Woo Hyowon , Lee Dongho , Cho Sung-Yeon , Park Chulmin , Yoo Yong Kyoung , Lee Ki- Baek , Lee Jeong Hoon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSince many lateral flow assays (LFA) are tested daily, the improvement in accuracy can greatly impact individual patient care and public health. However, current self-testing for COVID-19 detection suffers from low accuracy, mainly due to the LFA sensitivity and reading ambiguities. Here, we present deep learning-assisted smartphone-based LFA (SMARTAI-LFA) diagnostics to provide accurate decisions with higher sensitivity. Combining clinical data learning and two-step algorithms enables a cradle-free on-site assay with higher accuracy than the untrained individuals and human experts via blind tests of clinical data (n = 1500). We acquired 98% accuracy across 135 smartphone application-based clinical tests with different users/smartphones. Furthermore, with more low-titer tests, we observed that the accuracy of SMARTAI-LFA was maintained at over 99% while there was a significant decrease in human accuracy, indicating the reliable performance of SMARTAI-LFA. We envision a smartphone-based SMARTAI-LFA that allows continuously enhanced performance by adding clinical tests and satisfies the new criterion for digitalized real-time diagnostics.
CRISPR-Cas-amplified urinary biomarkers for multiplexed and portable cancer diagnostics
Authors: Hao Liangliang , Zhao Renee T. , Welch Nicole L. , Tan Edward Kah Wei , Zhong Qian , Harzallah Nour Saida , Ngambenjawong Chayanon , Ko Henry , Fleming Heather E. , Sabeti Pardis C. , Bhatia Sangeeta N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSynthetic biomarkers, bioengineered sensors that generate molecular reporters in diseased microenvironments, represent an emerging paradigm in precision diagnostics. Despite the utility of DNA barcodes as a multiplexing tool, their susceptibility to nucleases in vivo has limited their utility. Here we exploit chemically stabilized nucleic acids to multiplex synthetic biomarkers and produce diagnostic signals in biofluids that can be ‘read out’ via CRISPR nucleases. The strategy relies on microenvironmental endopeptidase to trigger the release of nucleic acid barcodes and polymerase-amplification-free, CRISPR-Cas-mediated barcode detection in unprocessed urine. Our data suggest that DNA-encoded nanosensors can non-invasively detect and differentiate disease states in transplanted and autochthonous murine cancer models. We also demonstrate that CRISPR-Cas amplification can be harnessed to convert the readout to a point-of-care paper diagnostic tool. Finally, we employ a microfluidic platform for densely multiplexed, CRISPR-mediated DNA barcode readout that can potentially evaluate complex human diseases rapidly and guide therapeutic decisions.
Brilliant whiteness in shrimp from ultra-thin layers of birefringent nanospheres
Authors: Lemcoff Tali , Alus Lotem , Haataja Johannes S. , Wagner Avital , Zhang Gan , Pavan Mariela J. , Yallapragada Venkata Jayasurya , Vignolini Silvia , Oron Dan , Schertel Lukas , Palmer Benjamin A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA fundamental question regarding light scattering is how whiteness, generated from multiple scattering, can be obtained from thin layers of materials. This challenge arises from the phenomenon of optical crowding, whereby, for scatterers packed with filling fractions higher than ~30%, reflectance is drastically reduced due to near-field coupling between the scatterers. Here we show that the extreme birefringence of isoxanthopterin nanospheres overcomes optical crowding effects, enabling multiple scattering and brilliant whiteness from ultra-thin chromatophore cells in shrimp. Strikingly, numerical simulations reveal that birefringence, originating from the spherulitic arrangement of isoxanthopterin molecules, enables intense broadband scattering almost up to the maximal packing for random spheres. This reduces the thickness of material required to produce brilliant whiteness, resulting in a photonic system that is more efficient than other biogenic or biomimetic white materials which operate in the lower refractive index medium of air. These results highlight the importance of birefringence as a structural variable to enhance the performance of such materials and could contribute to the design of biologically inspired replacements for artificial scatterers like titanium dioxide.
Natural swarms in 3.99 dimensions
Authors: Cavagna Andrea , Di Carlo Luca , Giardina Irene , Grigera Tomás S. , Melillo Stefania , Parisi Leonardo , Pisegna Giulia , Scandolo Mattia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe renormalization group is a key set of ideas and quantitative tools of statistical physics that allow for the calculation of universal quantities that encompass the behaviour of different kinds of collective systems. Extension of the predictive power of the renormalization group to collective biological systems would greatly strengthen the effort to put physical biology on a firm basis. Here we present a step in that direction by calculating the dynamical critical exponent z of natural swarms of insects using the renormalization group to order ϵ = 4 − d. We report the emergence of a novel fixed point, where both activity and inertia are relevant. In three dimensions, the critical exponent at the new fixed point is z = 1.35, in agreement with both experiments (1.37 ± 0.11) and numerical simulations (1.35 ± 0.04). Our results probe the power of the renormalization group for the quantitative description of collective behaviour, and suggest that universality may also play a decisive role in strongly correlated biological systems.
High-dimensional analysis of 16 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine combinations reveals lymphocyte signatures correlating with immunogenicity
Authors: Nuñez Nicolás Gonzalo , Schmid Jonas , Power Laura , Alberti Chiara , Krishnarajah Sinduya , Kreutmair Stefanie , Unger Susanne , Blanco Sebastián , Konigheim Brenda , Marín Constanza , Onofrio Luisina , Kienzler Jenny Christine , Costa-Pereira Sara , Ingelfinger Florian ,   InmunoCovidCba, Cerbán Fabio , Chiapello Laura , Montes Carolina , Motrán Cristina , Dutto Jeremías , Almada Laura , Boffelli Lucía ,   InViV working group, Spinsanti Lorena , Díaz Adrián , Rivarola María Elisa , Bioq Javier Aguilar , Beranek Mauricio , Pasinovich Marina E. , Castelli Juan M. , Vizzotti Carla , Schaefer Maximilian , Villar-Vesga Juan , Mundt Sarah , Merten Carla Helena , Sethi Aakriti , Wertheimer Tobias , Lutz Mirjam , Vanoaica Danusia , Sotomayor Claudia , Gruppi Adriana , Münz Christian , Cardozo Diego , Barbás Gabriela , Lopez Laura , Carreño Paula , Castro Gonzalo , Raboy Elias , Gallego Sandra , Morón Gabriel , Cervi Laura , Acosta Rodriguez Eva V. , Maletto Belkys A. , Maccioni Mariana , Becher Burkhard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe range of vaccines developed against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) provides a unique opportunity to study immunization across different platforms. In a single-center cohort, we analyzed the humoral and cellular immune compartments following five coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines spanning three technologies (adenoviral, mRNA and inactivated virus) administered in 16 combinations. For adenoviral and inactivated-virus vaccines, heterologous combinations were generally more immunogenic compared to homologous regimens. The mRNA vaccine as the second dose resulted in the strongest antibody response and induced the highest frequency of spike-binding memory B cells irrespective of the priming vaccine. Priming with the inactivated-virus vaccine increased the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response, whereas boosting did not. Distinct immune signatures were elicited by the different vaccine combinations, demonstrating that the immune response is shaped by the type of vaccines applied and the order in which they are delivered. These data provide a framework for improving future vaccine strategies against pathogens and cancer.
Neural dynamics and architecture of the heading direction circuit in zebrafish
Authors: Petrucco Luigi , Lavian Hagar , Wu You Kure , Svara Fabian , Štih Vilim , Portugues Ruben 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAnimals generate neural representations of their heading direction. Notably, in insects, heading direction is topographically represented by the activity of neurons in the central complex. Although head direction cells have been found in vertebrates, the connectivity that endows them with their properties is unknown. Using volumetric lightsheet imaging, we find a topographical representation of heading direction in a neuronal network in the zebrafish anterior hindbrain, where a sinusoidal bump of activity rotates following directional swims of the fish and is otherwise stable over many seconds. Electron microscopy reconstructions show that, although the cell bodies are located in a dorsal region, these neurons arborize in the interpeduncular nucleus, where reciprocal inhibitory connectivity stabilizes the ring attractor network that encodes heading. These neurons resemble those found in the fly central complex, showing that similar circuit architecture principles may underlie the representation of heading direction across the animal kingdom and paving the way to an unprecedented mechanistic understanding of these networks in vertebrates.
Fermatean hesitant fuzzy rough aggregation operators and their applications in multiple criteria group decision-making
Authors: Attaullah  , Rehman Noor , Khan Asghar , Santos-García Gustavo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe precise selection of suppliers to fulfill production requirements is a fundamental component of all manufacturing and process industries. Due to the increasing consumption levels, green supplier selection (GSS) has been one of the most important issues for environmental preservation and sustainable growth. The present work aims to develop a technique based on Fermatean hesitant fuzzy rough set (FHFRS), a robust fusion of Fermatean fuzzy set, hesitant fuzzy set, and rough set for GSS in the process industry. On the basis of the operational rules of FHFRS, a list of innovative Fermatean hesitant fuzzy rough weighted averaging operators has been established. Further, several intriguing features of the proposed operators are highlighted. To cope with the ambiguity and incompleteness of real-world decision-making (DM) challenges, a DM algorithm has been developed. To illustrate the applicability of the methodology, a numerical example for the chemical processing industry is presented to determine the optimum supplier. The empirical findings suggest that the model has a significant application of scalability for GSS in the process industry. Finally, the improved FHFR-VIKOR and TOPSIS approaches are employed to validate the proposed technique. The results demonstrate that the suggested DM approach is practicable, accessible, and beneficial for addressing uncertainty in DM problems.
Development of anti-feline PD-1 antibody and its functional analysis
Authors: Nishibori Shoma , Kaneko Mika K. , Nakagawa Takayuki , Nishigaki Kazuo , Kato Yukinari , Igase Masaya , Mizuno Takuya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAntibodies against immune checkpoint molecules restore T-cell function by inhibiting the binding of PD-1 and PD-L1 and have been shown to exert therapeutic effects in various human cancers. However, to date, no monoclonal antibody that recognizes feline PD-1 or PD-L1 has been reported, and there are many unknowns regarding the expression of immune checkpoint molecules and their potential as therapeutic targets in cats. Here we developed anti-feline PD-1 monoclonal antibody (1A1-2), and found that the monoclonal antibody against anti-canine PD-L1 (G11-6), which was previously developed in our laboratory, cross-reacted with feline PD-L1. Both antibodies inhibited the interaction of feline PD-1 and feline PD-L1 in vitro. These inhibitory monoclonal antibodies augmented the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production in activated feline peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Furthermore, for clinical application in cats, we generated a mouse-feline chimeric mAb by fusing the variable region of clone 1A1-2 with the constant region of feline IgG1 (ch-1A1-2). Ch-1A1-2 also augmented the IFN-γ production in activated feline PBLs. From this study, 1A1-2 is first anti-feline PD-1 monoclonal antibody with the ability to inhibit the interaction of feline PD-1 and PD-L1, and the chimeric antibody, ch-1A1-2 will be a beneficial therapeutic antibody for feline tumors.
Predicting new crescent moon visibility applying machine learning algorithms
Authors: Al-Rajab Murad , Loucif Samia , Al Risheh Yazan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe world's population is projected to grow 32% in the coming years, and the number of Muslims is expected to grow by 70%—from 1.8 billion in 2015 to about 3 billion in 2060. Hijri is the Islamic calendar, also known as the lunar Hijri calendar, which consists of 12 lunar months, and it is tied to the Moon phases where a new crescent Moon marks the beginning of each month. Muslims use the Hijri calendar to determine important dates and religious events such as Ramadan, Haj, Muharram, etc. Till today, there is no consensus on deciding on the beginning of Ramadan month within the Muslim community. This is mainly due to the imprecise observations of the new crescent Moon in different locations. Artificial intelligence and its sub-field machine learning have shown great success in their application in several fields. In this paper, we propose the use of machine learning algorithms to help in determining the start of Ramadan month by predicting the visibility of the new crescent Moon. The results obtained from our experiments have shown very good accurate prediction and evaluation performance. The Random Forest and Support Vector Machine classifiers have provided promising results compared to other classifiers considered in this study in predicting the visibility of the new Moon.
The combined signatures of the tumour microenvironment and nucleotide metabolism-related genes provide a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Jifeng , Zhong Lei , Deng Dawei , Zhang Yunshu , Yuan Qihang , Shang Dong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe tumour microenvironment (TME) is vital to tumour development and influences the immunotherapy response. Abnormal nucleotide metabolism (NM) not only promotes tumour cell proliferation but also inhibits immune responses in the TME. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether the combined signatures of NM and the TME could better predict the prognosis and treatment response in gastric cancer (GC). 97 NM-related genes and 22 TME cells were evaluated in TCGA-STAD samples, and predictive NM and TME characteristics were determined. Subsequent correlation analysis and single-cell data analysis illustrated a link between NM scores and TME cells. Thereafter, NM and TME characteristics were combined to construct an NM-TME classifier. Patients in the NMlow/TMEhigh group exhibited better clinical outcomes and treatment responses, which could be attributed to the differences in immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, tumour somatic mutations, immunophenoscore, immunotherapy response rate and proteomap. Additionally, the NMhigh/TMElow group benefited more from Imatinib, Midostaurin and Linsitinib, while patients in the NMlow/TMEhigh group benefited more from Paclitaxel, Methotrexate and Camptothecin. Finally, a highly reliable nomogram was developed. In conclusion, the NM-TME classifier demonstrated a pretreatment predictive value for prognosis and therapeutic responses, which may offer novel strategies for strategizing patients with optimal therapies.
The association between obesity, health service use, and work productivity in Australia: a cross-sectional quantile regression analysis
Authors: Ishida Marie , D’Souza Monique , Zhao Yang , Pan Tianxin , Carman Will , Haregu Tilahun , Lee John Tayu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe burden of disease attributable to obesity is rapidly increasing and becoming a public health challenge globally. Using a nationally representative sample in Australia, this study aims to examine the association of obesity with healthcare service use and work productivity across outcome distributions. We used Household, Income and Labour Dynamics Australia (HILDA) Wave 17 (2017–2018), including 11,211 participants aged between 20 and 65 years. Two-part models using multivariable logistic regressions and quantile regressions were employed to understand variations in the association between obesity levels and the outcomes. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 35.0% and 27.6%, respectively. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, low socioeconomic status was associated with a higher probability of overweight and obesity (Obese III: OR = 3.79; 95% CI 2.53–5.68) while high education group was associated with a lower likelihood of being high level of obesity (Obese III OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.29–0.59). Higher levels of obesity were associated with higher probability of health service use (GP visit Obese, III: OR = 1.42 95% CI 1.04–1.93,) and work productivity loss (number of paid sick leave days, Obese III: OR = 2.40 95% CI 1.94–2.96), compared with normal weight. The impacts of obesity on health service use and work productivity were larger for those with higher percentiles compared to lower percentiles. Overweight and obesity are associated with greater healthcare utilisation, and loss in work productivity in Australia. Australia’s healthcare system should prioritise interventions to prevent overweight and obesity to reduce the cost on individuals and improve labour market outcomes.