bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the effectiveness of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in experimental colorectal peritoneal metastasis model
Authors: Manoğlu Berke , Yavuzşen Tuğba , Aktaş Safiye , Altun Zekiye , Yılmaz Osman , Gökbayrak Özde Elif , Erol Aylin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
In our study, we aimed to (1) create a peritoneal metastasis (PM) model in nude mice, administer intraperitoneal chemotherapy using the peritoneal infusion pump we developed in this model, and (2) compare the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy using various drugs at different temperatures.

Methods
The peritoneal metastasis model was established in nude mice using the CC531 colon carcinoma cell line. Models with peritoneal metastasis (PM) were randomized into four groups of seven animals each: Group 1, control group (n=7); Group 2, normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (NIPEC) with mitomycin C(MMC) (n=7); Group 3, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with mitomycin C (n=7), and Group 4, NIPEC with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).

Results
Tumor development was achieved in all animals. While the tumor burden decreased significantly in the treatment Group 3 (p=0.034), no significant difference was found in the other groups. In the PM mouse model, hyperthermic intraperitoneal administration of MMC had the highest tumoricidal effect.

Conclusions
Our PM model provided a good opportunity to examine the efficacy of HIPEC and intraperitoneal infusion pump (IPIP). In future studies, we plan to evaluate efficacies of different drugs in the PM models we have created.
Banana starch nanocomposite films reinforced with nanocellulose
Authors: Ilyas R. A. , Nazrin A. , Huzaifah M. R. M. , Sapuan S. M. , Syafiq R. M. O. , Nurazzi N. M. , Asyraf M. R. M. , Norrrahim M. N. F. , Uda M. N. A. , Hazrati K. Z. , Rajeshkumar L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Owing to the increasing global pollution due to the use of conventional plastic materials, biodegradable films and sheets have been given prominent importance owing to their efficiency in replacing traditional plastic materials. In the recent times, due to globalization and industrialization, the minimization of the use of synthetic petroleum-based materials has been in practice by the global community, and increase in the use of natural materials like biomass waste in place of traditional materials promoting the green and sustainable technology development. Such production of alternative biomaterials development from the lignocellulosic fiber-reinforced composite films and laminates has been seriously investigated by engineers, technologists, and materialists owing to their sustainability, renewability, low toxicity, and abundantly available. Banana is one among the largely consumed tropical crop globally which is due to the quantity of cultivation and the availability of calorific values in the fruit. It is also a fruit which is potentially rich in starch content with more than 65 % of starch. This banana starch can be considered as a potential material for the manufacturing of coating material, edible sheet, food preservation and packaging owing to its innocuous, less cost, and biodegradability. The application of banana starch is dictated by the functional, structural and physicochemical properties of the developed material. But an unmodified native banana starch may not be characterized with all the necessary properties for any customized application. In order to widen the application band of the banana starch, it has to be modified by using enzymes, chemical, and physical methods. This review comprehensively deals with the extraction and synthesis of banana starch from various sources, their modification, properties of the banana starch and its characterization. Some aspects regarding the hybridization of the banana starch with nanoparticles has also been given.
Kontrolle der KontrolleSystemtheoretische Überlegungen zur Gewalt im System der Polizei
Authors: Körner Swen , Staller Mario S. 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ausgehend von der Funktionsbestimmung der Polizei als Organisation zur Kontrolle von Gewalt identifiziert der Beitrag mit Hilfe der Luhmannschen Systemtheorie die besondere Herausforderung bei der Behandlung von Gewalt im System der Polizei: Weil die Polizei auf der Ebene basaler Selbstreferenz mit einem strukturell eingebauten Gewaltpotenzial ausgestattet ist, bedarf polizeiliche Gewaltanwendung in sehr grundsätzlicher Weise der eigenen Reflexion und Kontrolle. Während Reflexion illegitime Gewalt gegen die Polizei als allgegenwärtige Gefahr und polizeiliche Gewalt als legitim voraussetzt, sichern reflexive Mechanismen auf einer weiteren Ebene der Systembildung genau das ab – und zwar auch in jenen Fällen, in denen polizeiliche Gewalt den legitimen Rahmen verlassen hat und zur brauchbaren Illegalität geworden ist. Reflexion und Reflexivität im System der Polizei wirken somit gewaltverstärkend. In Anbetracht dieser Lage stellen Kontingenzbeobachtungen vor allem der Wissenschaft das Potential bereit, bestehende Selbstbeschreibungen und Kontrollmechanismen der Polizei sowie auch das Polizieren selbst als auch ‚anders möglich‘ zu begreifen.
Die Rechtsnatur elektronischer Wertpapiere
Authors: Bartlitz David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

178
Die Einführung elektronischer Wertpapiere markiert einen ersten Schritt der Digitalisierung des deutschen Privatrechts, indem der Gesetzgeber erstmals eine Wertpapierart als Rechtsinstitut anerkennt, die über keinerlei körperliches Bezugsobjekt verfügt. Zugleich stellt diese gesetzgeberische Innovation eine enorme Herausforderung an das Sachenrecht des BGB dar, das seit seiner Existenz in Dimensionen wie Körperlichkeit und Unkörperlichkeit, Beweglichkeit und Unbeweglichkeit, Eigentum und Besitz sowie Eintragung und Übergabe denkt und operiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag will zeigen, dass die mit der Einführung elektronischer Wertpapiere verbundenen Herausforderungen in der Frage nach ihrer Rechtsnatur kulminieren und bietet eine Antwort auf diese Frage an, welche die Besonderheiten elektronischer Wertpapiere mit den sachenrechtlichen Anforderungen in Einklang bringt.
Methodik der Auslegung des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex
Authors: Geiger Jan-David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

206
Der Deutsche Corporate Governance Kodex (DCGK) hat in den letzten Jahren stetig an Bedeutung gewonnen. Nicht nur für die jährlich abzugebende Entsprechenserklärung gemäß § 161 AktG sind die Empfehlungen des DCGK relevant, sondern zunehmend auch mit Blick auf die Anforderungen wichtiger Investoren. Zuletzt hat im Jahr 2021 die für die Indexzusammensetzung zuständige Tochtergesellschaft der Deutschen Börse AG die Einhaltung einzelner DCGK-Empfehlungen zur Voraussetzung für die Aufnahme und den Verbleib in einem der bekannten Indizes (DAX, MDAX, SDAX, TecDAX) gemacht. Mit der gewachsenen Bedeutung verknüpft sich für die Praxis die Frage, welche Methoden bei der Auslegung der Empfehlungen und Anregungen des DCGK anzuwenden sind. Dieser Beitrag zielt darauf ab, abstrakte Auslegungsgrundsätze für den DCGK herauszuarbeiten und anhand praxisrelevanter Anwendungsfälle näher zu entfalten.
Estanciar discursividades poéticas: ensaios conviviais e suas leituras na arte do presente
Authors: Trindade Rogerio Vanderlei de Lima 
Published: May 2023

O artigo investiga a dimensão relacional inscrita nos dispositivos de arte e seus atravessamentos discursivos, a partir da teoria estética de Nicolas Bourriaud – Estética Relacional – sobre os novos ensaios-cognitivos-coletivos. A questão central focaliza-se na apreensão de como os pressupostos da estética relacional distanciam da discursividade moderna outros discursos sobre a arte produzida pós-1960. Constata-se para além da ambígua presença da dimensão relacional nas propostas analisadas, a existência de um descompasso temporal, conceitual e metodológico.Palavras-chave: Estética Relacional; Discursos sobre Arte; Arte Relacional. Taking Time to Look at Poetic Discursivities: Convivial Essays and Readings on Today’s ArtAbstract: The article investigates the relational dimension inscribed in art devices [dispositifs] and their discursive crossing of knowledge [boundaries], based on Nicolas Bourriaud's aesthetic theory, relational aesthetics, and in relation to recent collective-cognitive essays. The central question focuses on understanding how the assumptions of relational aesthetics have distanced other art discourses produced af ter 1960 from modern discursivity. In addition to the ambiguous presence of a relational dimension in the proposals analyzed, a temporal, conceptual and methodological mismatch appears to exist. Keywords: Relational Aesthetics, Discourses on Art, Relational Art.
"Focus on hyperuricemia". The resolution of the Expert Council
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Mazurov V. I. , Martynov A. I. , Gaidukova I. Z. , Duplyakov D. V. , Nevzorova V. A. , Ostroumova O. D. , Chesnikova A. I. 
Published: May 2023

Мочевая кислота (МК) — это конечный продукт пуринового обмена, являющийся основной составляющей клеточных запасов энергии, таких как аденозинтрифосфат (АТФ), а также компонентом дезоксирибонуклеиновой (ДНК) и рибонуклеиновой (РНК) кислот. На сегодняшний день в Российской Федерации нормальным показателем МК в сыворотке крови считается <360 мкмоль/л (6 мг/дл) для женщин и <420 мкмоль/л (7 мг/дл) для мужчин [1], в то время как Американская коллегия ревматологов рекомендует считать нормой уровень <360 мкмоль/л (6 мг/дл) [2,3], а Британское общество ревматологов - <300 мкмоль/л (5 мг/дл) [4].Гиперурикемия (повышение уровня МК в сыворотке крови) - широко распространенное метаболическое нарушение в Российской Федерации (16,8%) [1] и за рубежом (20,1%) [2], чаще выявляется у мужчин и возрастает по мере старения [1]. Гиперурикемия (ГУ) в 1,9 раза чаще встречается у лиц с ИМТ 25-30 кг/м2 и в 4,2 раза чаще у лиц с ИМТ >40 кг/м2 , по сравнению с пациентами с ИМТ <25 кг/м2[1].В крупных эпидемиологических исследованиях было показано, что ГУ представляет собой модифицируемый фактор риска развития и прогрессирования основных хронических неинфекционных заболеваний, таких как артериальная гипертензия (в том числе преэклампсия) [5,6], атеросклеротические сердечно-сосудистые заболевания (ССЗ) [7], хроническая сердечная недостаточность [8], сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД 2 типа), хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП), метаболический синдром [9], синдром обструктивного апноэ во сне [10]. Данные многочисленных эпидемиологических и проспективных исследований позволяют утверждать, что бессимптомная ГУ также выступает мощным, независимым и модифицируемым сердечно-сосудистым фактором риска. В связи с этим возникла необходимость разработать алгоритм инициации и интенсификации уратснижающей терапии у пациентов в зависимости от сердечно-сосудистого риска.С этой целью 02 декабря 2022 г. под председательством академика РАН О.М. Драпкиной под эгидой Российского общества профилактики неинфекционных заболеваний состоялся Совет экспертов «В фокусе гиперурикемия». Группа экспертов была представлена ведущими специалистами в области терапии, кардиологии, общей врачебной практики, ревматологии, клинической фармакологии. В результате объединения усилий была подготовлена резолюция, отражающая междисциплинарное мнение экспертов по различным аспектам проблемы гиперурикемии, и сформулированы предложения.
A comparative analysis of carer-employees in Canada over time: a cross-sectional analysis of Canada’s General Social Survey, 2012 and 2018
Authors: Wu Jerry , Williams Allison , Wang Li , Kitchen Peter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The aims of the study are to identify trends in the socio-demographic, health, and work profiles of Canadian carer-employees (CEs) over time, as well as the gender difference in the intensity of caring.

Methods
Cross-sectional data from cycles 26 and 32, collected in 2012 and 2018 respectively, of the Canadian General Social Survey (GSS) were used. Logistic, multinomial logistic, and linear regressions were used to estimate how caregiving is associated with caregivers’ health, well-being, and work in both cycles. Regressions from both cycles were then compared with chi-square tests for significant differences over time.

Results
The proportion of male CEs grew between 2012 and 2018, and women were no longer more likely to be a CE. The intensity of care for female CEs was significantly increased from 2012 to 2018 as compared with their male counterparts. General health (2018: OR = 0.25[0.11, 0.61] vs. 2012: OR = 0.33[0.15, 0.72]) and life satisfaction ($$\beta$$
β
= -0.42[0.54, -0.30] vs. $$\beta$$
β
= -0.22[-0.30, -0.14]) were significantly worsened with respect to the role of CEs from 2012 to 2018.

Conclusion
Our study provides the evidence that CEs’ health and well-being have worsened over time, especially for female CEs, indicating that the needs of CEs are growing at a faster rate than the supports available. The results are meaningful in informing and justifying the provision of CE supports at work in order to sustain CEs in the workplace, such as the carer-friendly workplace policies.
Microfacies and C/O-isotopes in lacustrine dolomites reflect variable environmental conditions in the Germanic Basin (Arnstadt Formation, Upper Triassic)
Authors: Hofbauer Barbara , Viehmann Sebastian , Gier Susanne , Bernasconi Stefano M. , Meister Patrick 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The conditions in ancient evaporative environments conducive to authigenic carbonate (especially dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2]) formation are still insufficiently understood. Insights from microfacies analysis can help to constrain the conditions in these environments. We provide a brief overview of the microfacies association and carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of dolomite beds intercalated in a claystone-rich succession from the Norian Arnstadt Formation in Thuringia and Lower Saxony (Germany) in order to gain further insight into the depositional conditions and processes leading to the formation of authigenic Mg/Ca-carbonates in the Germanic Basin. The studied intervals are ascribed to lacustrine, partially evaporitic conditions, while the sedimentary structures were not obliterated by recrystallization. The microfacies of the dolomites is diverse, showing homogeneous micrite, mudclasts, lamination, and peloidal structures, and reflects a shallow to deeper water (below wave base) and episodically evaporative environment. The dolomites exhibit oxygen isotope values (δ18O) in the range from −5.21 to −0.36‰ VPDB and, hence, only represent a weak meteoric influence, suggesting that the authigenic carbonate generally formed under evaporative conditions. Carbon isotope values (δ13C) in the range of −4.28 to 1.39‰ VPDB indicate a small contribution of remineralized organic carbon, mainly in sediments that were presumably deposited in deeper water or under brackish conditions. Sedimentary structures, such as lamination with graded silt layers, reworked mudclasts embedded in a fine dolomicrite matrix, and peloids showing plastic deformation, indicate that the sediment was still unlithified. These observations would be consistent with an authigenic formation of Mg/Ca-carbonates directly from the lake water, and their deposition under variable conditions in a large playa-lake/perennial lake system.
Deformation of the Dachstein Limestone in the Dachstein thrust sheet (Eastern Alps, Austria)
Authors: Fernandez Oscar , Grasemann Bernhard , Sanders Diethard 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Deformation affecting the Upper Triassic Dachstein Limestone has been analyzed in the Dachstein thrust sheet, the uppermost thrust unit of the central Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps). Different scales of deformation are discussed, from kilometer-scale thrusting down to folds in the order of tens of meters to meters. Observations are based on both conventional outcrop observations and on digital fieldwork performed on drone-captured virtual outcrops and on GoogleMaps 3D terrain renderizations. The structures observed were formed at different times and document the following events: 1) Late Triassic syn-depositional instability and slumping; 2) Late Triassic syn-depositional growth of the Hallstatt diapir; 3) Late Triassic syn-depositional, salt-driven, extensional faulting; 4) Jurassic-age re-activation of extensional faults; 5) (presumably) Early Cretaceous shortening in both east-west and north-south directions; and 6) (presumably) Late Cretaceous extensional re-activation of faults. The structures and their origin have a bearing on the interpretation of the tectonic evolution of the Dachstein thrust sheet, highlighting the potential relevance of salt tectonics in controlling its structure.
Old orogen – young topography: Evidence for relief rejuvenation in the Bohemian Massif
Authors: Wetzlinger Klaus , Robl Jörg , Liebl Moritz , Dremel Fabian , Stüwe Kurt , von Hagke Christoph 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Bohemian Massif is the relic of a major Paleozoic mountain range that is known to have exhumed and its surface levelled in the Permian, but its Neogene landscape evolution is largely unconstrained. The landscape is characterized by rolling hills and extended planation surfaces above an elevation of about 500 m. However, at lower elevations deeply incised gorges confined by steep hillslopes are abundant and contrast impressively with the low relief landscapes above. Rivers with a bimodal morphology (i.e. steep at lower elevations and gentle at higher elevations) drain either to the north into the Vltava (Moldau) River or to the south into the Danube River. Hence, a continental drainage divide runs through the Bohemian Massif. Here, we quantify spatial characteristics of the Bohemian Massif landforms by computing landscape metrics like steepness index or geophysical relief derived from digital elevation models. From this we infer temporal change of the landscape in the past and predict them for the future evolution of the region.
We show that the landscape is characterized by out-of-equilibrium river profiles with knickpoints abundantly at elevations between 450 m and 550 m separating steep channel segments at lower elevations from less steep channels at higher elevations. Hypsometric maxima at or close above knickpoint elevations, along with high and low values in geophysical relief as indicator for the degree of fluvial landscape dissection downstream and upstream of major knickpoints, support the idea of landscape bimodality. Furthermore, we find a distinct drainage divide asymmetry, which causes the reorganization of the drainage network of the region. Across-divide gradients in channel steepness predict the northward migration of the Danube-Vltava drainage divide including growth and shrinkage of tributary catchments, thus controlling changes in the Central European drainage pattern.
All aspects suggest that the region experienced relief rejuvenation during the last few million years. We suggest that this relief rejuvenation is related to the inversion of the Molasse basin with a long wavelength rock uplift pattern and low uplift rates. Vertical motion of crustal blocks at discrete faults may locally affect the uplift pattern. However, the contrasting bedrock properties between the sedimentary cover (Molasse sediments) and the crystalline basement (Bohemian Massif) cause substantial differences in erosion rate and are thus the superior control on the topographic variations of the entire region.
Konstruksi sosial atas peran madrasah dalam upaya pencegahan perbuatan seks bebas pada remaja di MA. Al-Ittihad Poncokusumo Malang
Authors: Saadah Lailatus , Towaf Siti Malikhah , Sukamto Sukamto , Ruja I Nyoman , Kurniawan Novian Candra 
Published: May 2023

The psychological development of adolescents is often uncontrolled, causing them to do things that deviate from the norms and values that exist in their environment. Often, teens don't know what they're doing. Deviations that occur in adolescents are far from free sex therapy. Educational institutions that play an important role in preventing free sex are Madrasah. This research uses a case study type with a qualitative approach. This research uses observation, interview, and documentation techniques. According to the data obtained, the role of Madrasah in preventing free sex behavior in adolescents lies in several approaches: during and outside of educational activities. This approach has a positive impact on adolescents who attend MA. Al-Ittihad Poncokusumo Malang.
Perkembangan psikologis remaja seringkali tidak terkendali sehingga menyebabkan mereka melakukan hal-hal yang menyimpang dari norma dan nilai yang ada di lingkungannya. Seringkali, remaja tidak tahu apa yang mereka lakukan. Penyimpangan yang terjadi pada remaja jauh dari terapi seks bebas. Lembaga pendidikan yang berperan penting dalam pencegahan seks bebas adalah madrasah. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Menurut data yang diperoleh, peran madrasah dalam mencegah perilaku seks bebas pada remaja terletak pada beberapa pendekatan: selama dan di luar kegiatan pendidikan. Pendekatan ini memberikan dampak yang positif dalam diri remaja yang bersekolah di MA. Al-Ittihad Poncokusumo Malang.
Pengrajin mebel di Kota Pasuruan (strategi pengrajin mebel Bukir Kota Pasuruan dalam mempertahankan usaha mebel di tengah persaingan dengan industri mebel)
Authors: Maulana Firman , Ruja I Nyoman , Eskasasnanda I Dewa Putu , Sukamto Sukamto 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to describe: (1) the characteristics of furniture craftsmen in Pasuruan (2) the competition that arises between fellow furniture craftsmen (3) the strategy of furniture craftsmen to remain competitive with furniture craftsmen and the furniture industry. Furthermore, this research was designed using a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. The data collection technique used purposive. The data collection procedure uses observation, interviews, and documentation, while the data analysis uses the Miles & Huberman interactive model. The results of the study show that: (1) the character of furniture craftsmen in Bukir Village is a business actor who processes wood so that it can be made into goods. (2) The competition that occurs between furniture craftsmen starts from the purchase of wood to the production process, then there is no agreement when selling the prices of furniture craftsmen. (3) The strategy of furniture craftsmen as actors is to be smart in utilizing wood according to its use. Furniture craftsmen must be able to maintain the quality of goods so that they are not pressured by the price of goods from the industry. Mutual openness between furniture craftsmen provides advantages in terms of developing the latest models, as well as being able to survive in the face of competition.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: (1) karakteristik pengrajin mebel di Kota Pasuruan (2) persaingan yang muncul antara sesama pengrajin mebel (3) strategi pengrajin mebel agar tetap bisa bersaing dengan pengrajin mebel dan industri mebel. Selanjutnya penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitiannya deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan purposive. Prosedur pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) karakter pengrajin mebel di Kelurahan Bukir merupakan pelaku usaha yang mengolah kayu agar bisa menjadi barang. (2) Persaingan yang terjadi antar pengrajin mebel dimulai dari pembelian kayu sampai proses produksi, kemudian saat penjualan harga barang pengrajin mebel tidak ada kesepakatan. (3) Strategi pengrajin mebel sebagai aktor yaitu harus pintar dalam memanfaatkan kayu sesuai kegunaan. Pengrajin mebel harus bisa menjaga kualitas barang supaya tidak tertekan dengan harga barang dari industri. Saling keterbukaan antar pengrajin mebel memberikan keuntungan dalam hal perkembangan model–model terbaru, juga dapat bertahan menghadapi persaingan.