bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The correlation among residual nitrites, biogenic amines, N‐nitrosamine formation, and degradation occurrence of punicalagin α/β, rosmarinic acid, carnosol, and carnosic acid in extract‐treated sausage during storage
Authors: Abedi Elahe , Tavakoli Atefeh , Zamanizadeh Simin , Maleki Shahrzad , Jassbi Amir Reza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the relation between residual α‐ and β‐punicalagin in Punica granatum L.; PPE and rosmarinic acid, carnosol, and carnosic acid in Salvia eremophila (SE) with residual nitrites, biogenic amines (cadaverine, putrescine, and histamine), N‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), microbial counts, lipid oxidation indices, and color values in extract‐treated sausage over 14 days of storage. Sausage containing SE + nitrite 60 ppm (SSN) showed minimum levels of the residual nitrites (13.14 mg/kg), NDMA (0.74 ± 0.05 μg/kg), and biogenic amine (histamine, 1.8 mg/kg; cadaverine, 3.7 mg/kg; and putrescine, 4.3 mg/kg) due to retarded degradation rate of 285.84–216.44 mg/kg; rosmarinic acid, 41.62–33.16 mg/kg; carnosol, and 88.70–76.73 mg/kg; carnosic acid over storage time. The first‐order kinetic model fitted well for the degradation of rosmarinic acid and carnosol acid in SSN sample. TBA value remained below the threshold limit (0.32 mg kg−1) through 14 days for SSN. Second‐order and zero‐order reaction models had the best agreement with sausages' PV and TBA values, respectively. After 2 weeks of storage, E. coli and Cl. perfringens counts in the SN120 (sausage containing 120 ppm nitrite) and SSN were significantly lower than the other samples (p < .05), with the values 2.1 and 1.5 log cfu/g for SN120 and 2.2 and 1.6 log cfu/g for SSN formulation. Conversely, oxidation indices, residual nitrites, NDMA, and biogenic amine increased in sausage samples containing PPE extracts (SPN) owing to total degradation of α‐ and β‐punicalagin during storage. The results indicated that SE can be used as potential co‐preservative by reducing the levels of required nitrite in food industry.
Adherence to iron supplement intake during pregnancy and associated factors in Ethiopia: Further analysis of a national population‐based study
Authors: Demie Takele Gezahegn , Gessese Getachew Tilahun , Woldeamanuel Berhanu Teshome , Biratu Tolesa Diriba , Handebo Simegnew 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIron deficiency during pregnancy is a risk factor for anemia, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. Poor adherence to iron supplement intake remains a problem in many countries including Ethiopia. This analysis aimed at determining the proportion of adherence to iron supplement intake and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. We used the data from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS), which is a cross‐sectional and nationally representative survey. A weighted sample of 3927 pregnant women was included in the study. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with adherence to iron supplement intake. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p‐value <.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Our analysis revealed that out of 2356 (60.0%) pregnant women who took iron supplements during their most recent pregnancy, only 417 (17.7%; 95% CI: 0.162–0.193) adhered to the WHO‐recommended iron intake for 90 days or more. The subnational regions, level of education, literacy, the timing of first antenatal care booking, and past place of delivery were significantly associated with iron supplement intake. Interventions to enhance the uptake of iron supplementation better focus on improving women's education and literacy, early initiation and frequency of ANC visits, and institutional delivery. Raising community awareness through educating pregnant women is also recommended to improve adherence to iron supplement intake.
Different regulatory framework for medical devices and drugs in the European Union: Impact on clinical research and health technology assessments
Authors: Albuquerque de Almeida Fernando , Ricardo Mariana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesUnderstanding whether the regulatory framework in the European Union creates different standards for medical devices and drugs, assessing whether there is evidence on the impact of those standards on clinical and HTA research, and reflecting on findings in order to propose legislative changes for promoting a more efficient allocation of resources in the healthcare systems.MethodsReviewing and comparing the legal framework for the approval of medical devices and drugs in the EU, with a particular focus on the changes brought by Regulation (EU) 2017/745. Investigating the available information on manufacturer sponsored clinical studies and HTA‐supported recommendations for medical devices and drugs.ResultsThe review of the legislation identified different standards for approval of devices and drugs on their quality, safety, and performance/efficacy dimensions and fewer manufacturer sponsored clinical studies and HTA‐supported recommendations for medical devices versus drugs.ConclusionsPolicy changes could be implemented in order to promote an integrated evidence‐based assessment system for a better allocation of resources in healthcare, namely: a consensual classification of medical devices from an HTA perspective, which could be used as a guide for generating outcomes in clinical investigation, and the adoption of conditional coverage practices including mandatory post‐approval evidence development for performing periodic technology assessments.
Lifestyle assessment in individuals with spinal cord injuries caused by accidents and disasters in qualitative studies published from 1990 to 2020: A meta‐synthesis of qualitative study
Authors: Nazari Saeed , Moradi Maryam , Danyali Zeinab , Ahmadi Marzaleh Milad , Hadi Vahid , Hadi Saeid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAs a debilitating disorder, spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can bring about a range of physical, psychological, and social consequences in individuals and even have effects on their lifestyle indicators. The present study was thus to reflect on lifestyles among people with SCIs developing from accidents and disasters.MethodsUsing a meta‐synthesis of qualitative research, all articles recruiting qualitative methods to examine patients with SCIs, published from 1990 to 2020, were retrieved by the researchers, good at the Persian and English languages, from the databases of ScienceDirect, MD Consult, Pedro, ProQuest, PubMed, SID, MedLib, Magiran, Scopus, Google Scholar, Iranmedex, the Cochran Library, CINAHL, and Blackwell, tapping the keywords of “spinal cord injury, SCI, manmade disaster, natural disaster, content analysis, concept analysis, thematic analysis, lifestyle, quality of life, QoL, grounded theory, meta‐synthesis, mixed‐methods research, historical research, ethnography, and phenomenology” in both languages for their inclusion in this study and further analyses.ResultsWith reference to the inclusion criteria, 18 articles were extracted, and after all 10 studies in line with the research topic were reviewed and analyzed. Ultimately, six main themes, namely, compromise, self‐reliance, income‐generating activities, mental status, inability, and issues of sexuality were extracted, demonstrating their importance to individuals suffering from SCIs.ConclusionDuring the initial stages following SCIs, the abilities to engage in participatory practices and individual's power of decision‐making diminish because of physical, social, psychological, and environmental constraints. It was accordingly recommended to have a holistic perspective and respect all aspects of life in individuals with SCIs.
Performance optimization of solar‐powered heat engine using a multiobjective accelerated algorithm
Authors: El Moudden Mustapha , Hssikou Mohamed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, a multiobjective optimization approach was used to conduct a thermodynamic investigation of a solar Brayton and endoreversible heat engine. The thermo‐economic performance capabilities of such machines with hybrid input power, solar‐fuel, are examined numerically. Throughout this study, three performance indicators of the cycle, including the power output, the thermo‐economic performance function, and the thermal efficiency are optimized concurrently employing a multiobjective steepest descent method, named the Accelerated Diagonal Steepest Descent algorithm. Furthermore, to properly analyze the error, three strategies are employed in the decision‐making step to identify the optimal compromise solution, and the deviation indices under these strategies are analyzed. The numerical experiments reveal that the present algorithm outperforms the two popular multiobjective algorithms: the multiobjective particle swarm optimization method and the elitist nondominated sorting genetic algorithm. The relevance of the presented algorithm with respect to the previous ones is examined by means of a deviation index. Finally, these experiments show the optimal design parameters which lead to the best performance of the heat engine.
Presence of EBV antigens detected by a sensitive method in pediatric and adult Diffuse Large B‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Mangiaterra Tamara S. , De Dios Soler Marcela , Oviedo Noelia , Colli Sandra , Preciado Maria V. , Soria Marcela , Galluzo Laura , De Matteo Elena , Chabay Paola 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed a new entity, Epstein Barr virus (EBV) + Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), not otherwise specified (NOS). Traces of EBV transcripts were described in lymphomas, including DLBCL, that were diagnosed as EBV negative by conventional methods. The aim of this study was to detect viral genome by qPCR, as well as LMP1 and EBNA2 transcripts, with a more sensitive method in DLBCL cases from Argentina. Fourteen cases originally considered as EBV negative expressed LMP1 and/or EBNA2 transcripts. In addition, LMP1 and/or EBNA2 transcripts were also observed in bystander cells. However, EBERs+ cells cases by conventional ISH showed higher numbers of cells with LMP1 transcripts and LMP1 protein. In the cases that were EBERS− in tumor cells but with expression of LMP1 and/or EBNA2 transcripts, the viral load was below the limit of detection. This study provides further evidence that EBV could be detected in tumor cells by more sensitive methods. However, higher expression of the most important oncogenic protein, LMP1, as well as increased viral load, are only observed in cases with EBERs+ cells by conventional ISH, suggesting that traces of EBV might not display a key role in DLBCL pathogenesis.
Long‐term survival and renal outcomes of thrombotic microangiopathy in pregnancy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Hsin‐Yu , Shih Jin‐Chung , Tsai Meng‐Han , Chung Ching‐Hu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in pregnancy can rapidly progress, leading to severe morbidities. This study aimed to compare baseline demographics and clinical outcomes between pregnant women with and without TMA.MethodsUsing the National Health Insurance Research Database, 207 patients with pregnancy‐related TMA from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2015 were enrolled. Their data were compared with a 1:4 propensity score–matched cohort of 828 pregnant women without TMA to evaluate mortality and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) risks. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsA total of 1035 participants were included. The risks of mortality and ESRD were 4.46 and 5.97 times higher for the TMA cohort, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed higher mortality and ESRD risks in patients with TMA aged >40 years with a history of hypertension, stroke, cancer, concomitant stroke, malignant hypertension, or gastroenterocolitis than in the matched cohort.ConclusionPregnant patients with TMA, especially those older and with comorbidities and organ involvement, faced increased mortality and ESRD risks. Physicians should collaborate with obstetricians throughout the prenatal and postpartum periods for these patients.
Corporate teamwork culture and management earnings forecast quality
Authors: Tang Wenye , Xu Chunhao , Gai Lili 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe examine the relationship between corporate teamwork culture and firms’ voluntary disclosure, specifically management earnings forecast quality. A new measure of corporate teamwork culture is used, which was calculated using a machine learning approach to analyze earnings call transcripts through a novel word embedding model. We find that firms with stronger corporate teamwork culture are more likely to issue earnings forecasts and file 8‐K forms. Further analysis reveals that the corporate teamwork culture score is positively associated with the quality of management earnings forecast. It implies that firms with a stronger teamwork culture issue more accurate earnings forecasts as human harmony cooperation and strong employee responsibility help reduce errors in earnings forecasts. Our new empirical results contribute to the voluntary disclosure and corporate culture literature.
Mixed results for exposure and response prevention therapy in mixed reality for patients with contamination‐related obsessive‐compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Miegel Franziska , Jelinek Lena , Moritz Steffen , Lohse Luzie , Yassari Amir H. , Bücker Lara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionTechnology‐supported exposure and response prevention (ERP) for patients with obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) as tested in clinical research, holds promise but also has limitations. The present study aims to overcome these limitations by using mixed reality for ERP (MERP). The objectives of this pilot study were to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and acceptance of MERP and to identify possible obstacles.MethodsTwenty inpatients with contamination‐related OCD were recruited and randomized to two conditions: MERP (six sessions in 3 weeks) and care as usual treatment. Patients were assessed before treatment (baseline), after the 3‐week intervention period (post), as well as 3 months after post assessment (follow‐up) regarding symptomatology (Y‐BOCS).ResultsResults showed a similar reduction in symptomatology in both groups from baseline to post. Regarding safety, no clinically significant deterioration was detected in the MERP group. Patients' evaluation of the MERP was heterogeneous. The qualitative feedback provided helpful indications for further development of the software. Sense of presence was below the midpoint of the scales.ConclusionThis is the first study evaluating a MERP for patients with OCD that shows cautious evidence for the acceptance and safety of MERP. The results of the subjective evaluation suggest revisions of the software.
Physiologic Changes During Pregnancy and Impact on Small‐Molecule Drugs, Biologic (Monoclonal Antibody) Disposition, and Response
Authors: Eke Ahizechukwu C. , Gebreyohannes Rahel D. , Fernandes Maria Fernanda Scantamburlo , Pillai Venkateswaran C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPregnancy is a unique physiological state that results in many changes in bodily function, including cellular, metabolic, and hormonal changes. These changes can have a significant impact on the way small‐molecule drugs and monoclonal antibodies (biologics) function and are metabolized, including efficacy, safety, potency, and adverse effects. In this article, we review the various physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy and their effects on drug and biologic metabolism, including changes in the coagulation, gastrointestinal, renal, endocrine, hepatic, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems. Additionally, we discuss how these changes can affect the processes of drug and biologic absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (pharmacokinetics), and how drugs and biologics interact with biological systems, including mechanisms of drug action and effect (pharmacodynamics) during pregnancy, as well as the potential for drug‐induced toxicity and adverse effects in the mother and developing fetus. The article also examines the implications of these changes for the use of drugs and biologics during pregnancy, including consequences of suboptimal plasma drug concentrations, effect of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of biologics, and the need for careful monitoring and individualized drug dosing. Overall, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the physiologic changes during pregnancy and their effects on drug and biologic metabolism to improve the safe and effective use of drugs.
Informing a Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Infant Drug Exposure From Human Milk: Application of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Lactation Model for Sotalol
Authors: Pressly Michelle A. , Schmidt Stephan , Guinn Daphne , Liu Zhichao , Ceresa Carrie , Samuels Sherbet , Madabushi Rajanikanth , Florian Jeffry , Fletcher Elimika Pfuma 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCharacterization of infant drug exposure through human milk is important and underexplored. Because infant plasma concentrations are not frequently collected in clinical lactation studies, modeling and simulation approaches can integrate physiology, available milk concentrations, and pediatric data to inform exposure in breastfeeding infants. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was built for sotalol, a renally eliminated drug, to simulate infant drug exposure from human milk. Intravenous and oral adult models were built, optimized, and scaled to an oral pediatric model for a breastfeeding‐relevant age group (<2 years). Model simulations captured the data that were put aside for verification. The resulting pediatric model was applied to predict the impacts of sex, infant body size, breastfeeding frequency, age, and maternal dose (240 and 433 mg) on drug exposure during breastfeeding. Simulations suggest a minimal effect of sex or frequency on total sotalol exposure. Infants in the 90th percentile in height and weight have predicted exposures ≈20% higher than infants of the same age in the 10th percentile due to increased milk intake. The simulated infant exposures increase throughout the first 2 weeks of life and are maintained at the highest concentrations in weeks 2‐4, with a consistent decrease observed as infants age. Simulations suggest that breastfeeding infants will have plasma concentrations in the lower range observed in infants administered sotalol. With further validation on additional drugs, physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling approaches could use lactation data to a greater extent and provide comprehensive information to support decisions regarding medication use during breastfeeding.
Opportunities for Systems Biology and Quantitative Systems Pharmacology to Address Knowledge Gaps for Drug Development in Pregnancy
Authors: Barrett Jeffrey S , Azer Karim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPregnant women are still viewed as therapeutic orphans to the extent that they are avoided as participants in mainstream clinical trials and not considered a priority for targeted drug research despite the fact that many clinical conditions exist during pregnancy for which pharmacotherapy is warranted. Part of the challenge is the uncertain risk potential that pregnant women represent in the absence of timely and costly toxicology and developmental pharmacology studies, which only partly mitigate such risks. Even when clinical trials are conducted in pregnant women, they are often underpowered and absent biomarkers and exclude evaluation across multiple stages of pregnancy where relevant development risk could have been assessed. Quantitative systems pharmacology model development has been proposed as one solution to fill knowledge gaps, make earlier and perhaps more informed risk assessment, and design more informative trials with better recommendations for biomarker and end point selection including design and sample size optimality. Funding for translational research in pregnancy is limited but will fill some of these gaps, especially when joined with ongoing clinical trials in pregnancy that also fill certain knowledge gaps, especially biomarker and end point evaluation across pregnancy states linked to clinical outcomes. Opportunities exist for further advances in quantitative systems pharmacology model development with the inclusion of real‐world data sources and complimentary artificial intelligence/machine learning approaches. The successful coordination of the approach reliant on these new data sources will require commitments to share data and a diverse multidisciplinary group that seeks to develop open science models that benefit the entire research community, ensuring that such models can be used with high fidelity. New data opportunities and computational resources are highlighted in an effort to project how these efforts can move forward.
The effects of Spirulina platensis on behavior in adolescent rats fed a high‐fat diet
Authors: Usluel Gizem , Acikgoz Burcu , Dalkiran Bahar , Kiray Amac , Aksu Ilkay , Kiray Muge 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, childhood overweight and obesity have become a universal public health problem. Obesity may lead to cognitive disorders, depression and anxiety by affecting neuronal processes. Spirulina platensis (SP), a species of microalgae from the Chlorophyceae green algae class, has neuroprotective effects and may reduce body weight. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of SP on behavior alongside the role of leptin and Sirtuin‐1 in fed with high‐fat diet (HFD) adolescent rats. Four‐week‐old Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into four groups: control, HFD, HFD + SP150 (150 mg/kg/day SP, orally), HFD + SP450 (450 mg/kg/day SP, orally). Rats except for the control group exposed to 60% HFD along 12 weeks. Last 6 weeks SP or vehicle administered. After the behavioral tests, leptin and Sirtuin‐1 levels in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus regions were evaluated. SP150 significantly reduced body weight compared with HFD group. The time spent in the center of open field increased significantly in SP150‐treated rats compared with HFD. SP150 and SP450 significantly decreased immobility time in forced swim test compared with HFD. Leptin levels in HFD group were significantly lower in prefrontal cortex compared to control group. Leptin levels of the HFD + SP450 group were significantly higher than HFD group in the hippocampus. There was no significant difference between groups in Sirtuin‐1 levels. In conclusion, SP supplementation in adolescence period might positively affect chronic high fat‐induced anxiety‐like and depressive‐like behavior by partially affecting brain leptin levels and without affecting Sirtuin‐1 levels.
Bad list assignments for non‐k $k$‐choosable k $k$‐chromatic graphs with 2k+2 $2k+2$‐vertices
Authors: Zhu Jialu , Zhu Xuding 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt was conjectured by Ohba, and proved by Noel, Reed and Wu that ‐chromatic graphs with are chromatic‐choosable. This upper bound on is tight: if is even, then and are ‐chromatic graphs with vertices that are not chromatic‐choosable. It was proved by Zhu and Zhu that these are the only non‐‐choosable complete ‐partite graphs with vertices. For , a bad list assignment of is a ‐list assignment of such that is not ‐colourable. Bad list assignments for were characterized by Enomoto, Ohba, Ota and Sakamoto. In this paper, we first give a simpler proof of this result, and then we characterize bad list assignments for . Using these results, we characterize all non‐‐choosable ‐chromatic graphs with vertices.