bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The IHI Rochester Report 2022 on Healthcare Informatics Research: Resuming After the CoViD-19
Authors: Combi Carlo , Facelli Julio C. , Haddawy Peter , Holmes John H. , Koch Sabine , Liu Hongfang , Meyer Jochen , Peleg Mor , Pozzi Giuseppe , Stiglic Gregor , Veltri Pierangelo , Yang Christopher C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn 2020, the pandemic spread worldwide in an unexpected way and suddenly modified many life issues, including social habits, social relationships, teaching modalities, and more. Such changes were also observable in many different healthcare and medical contexts. Moreover, the pandemic acted as a stress test for many research endeavors, and revealed some limitations, especially in contexts where research results had an immediate impact on the social and healthcare habits of millions of people. As a result, the research community is called to perform a deep analysis of the steps already taken, and to re-think steps for the near and far future to capitalize on the lessons learned due to the pandemic. In this direction, on June 09th–11th, 2022, a group of twelve healthcare informatics researchers met in Rochester, MN, USA. This meeting was initiated by the Institute for Healthcare Informatics—, and hosted by the Mayo Clinic. The goal of the meeting was to discuss and propose a research agenda for biomedical and health informatics for the next decade, in light of the changes and the lessons learned from the pandemic. This article reports the main topics discussed and the conclusions reached. The intended readers of this paper, besides the biomedical and health informatics research community, are all those stakeholders in academia, industry, and government, who could benefit from the new research findings in biomedical and health informatics research. Indeed, research directions and social and policy implications are the main focus of the research agenda we propose, according to three levels: the care of individuals, the healthcare system view, and the population view.
Improved 3D Shallow‐Deep Vs Structure in Tongzhou, Beijing (China), Revealed by Dense Array Ambient Noise Tomography
Authors: Xu Wei , Ding Zhifeng , Wu Pingping , Lu Laiyu , Qin Tongwei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractShear‐wave velocity (Vs) structures can reveal the shallow sediment thickness and deep tectonic features of buried faults and geological units. They are important for reducing seismic and geological disasters in urban areas. Based on ambient noise data from the Tongzhou dense array (919 seismographic stations), we obtain a fine shallow‐deep (0–5 km) 3D Vs model, by jointly inverting the phase‐velocity dispersions of Rayleigh waves, including short‐period (0.3–2 s) multimode dispersions using the frequency‐Bessel transform method and the long‐period (2–6 s) fundamental‐mode dispersions using the fast marching method. Our results show that the Vs inhomogeneities agree well with the distribution of geological units. We use the 1 km/s isodepth of Vs as the reference thickness of quaternary sediments. Fengbo sag (FBS) and Dachang sag (DCS), which mainly show low velocity and density, have thick sediment thicknesses (approximately 550–600 and 320–420 m, respectively). The NE high‐velocity belt in Daxing high (DXH) has a thinner sediment thickness (∼230 m). Thus, FBS and DCS have a greater risk of earthquake hazards owing to the strong amplification effects of ground motion. Additionally, Vs distribution in the FBS, DCS, DXH, and Yanshan Fold Belt are spatially related to the medium density and buried faults (Nanyuan‐Tongxian, Daxing, and Xiadian faults). We infer that the Vs structures are associated with the controlling effects of these large normal faults and inhomogeneous strata density. The discontinuity of the NE high‐velocity belt in DXH probably results from the intense tectonic activity of Nankou‐Sunhe fault.
Separating Anthropogenically‐ and Naturally‐Caused Temperature Trends: A Systematic Approach Based On Climate Memory Analysis
Authors: Yuan Naiming , Ma Chao , Franzke Christian L. E. , Niu Hourui , Dong Wenjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeparating anthropogenic and natural contributions to global warming is crucial for understanding and predicting climate change, but it is challenging due to the complexity of the climate system. In this study, we try to address this issue by estimating the anthropogenic forcing impacts with its long‐term persistence features properly considered. In this way, a data‐driven approach is proposed to decompose the observed trends from global and regional scales into anthropogenically‐ and naturally‐caused trends. We find that there is a continuous anthropogenic global warming trend since the beginning of the last century, even during the recent global warming hiatus period. On regional scales, the anthropogenically‐forced trends among regions are found at a similar level, while their unevenly distributed warming trends among regions may be attributed to natural causes. Our findings provide new insight into climate warming, and our approach based on persistence analysis provides a new perspective for attribution studies.
Magnetotail Ion Acceleration in 3‐D Global Hybrid Simulations
Authors: Shi Feng , Guo Zhifang , Lin Yu , Wang Xueyi , Cheng Lei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractParticle injection by magnetotail reconnection plays an important role in the magnetospheric physics, since these particles may be accelerated to high energy and constituent energetic particles in the inner magnetosphere. In this paper, we trace such ion particles from a near‐Earth reconnection region to the inner magnetosphere self‐consistently in a 3‐D global hybrid simulation using ANGIE3D, and demonstrate the important roles of the earthward fast flows in the ion acceleration process in the tail plasma sheet. Although the particles can gain several times of their initial energy from the reconnection X‐line region, a dramatic increase of the ion energy (from a few keV up to a few tens of keV) occurs in a very short period of time due to their encounter with the earthward fast flows. A large portion (≳70%) of the earthward moving particles around the focused reconnection site encounter fast flows and are significantly accelerated. Our results indicate that fast flow electric fields play major roles, as opposed to other common mechanisms such as the adiabatic Betatron and Fermi processes, in ion acceleration from the near‐tail region to the inner magnetosphere. In addition, dipolarization fronts associated with magnetic reconnection also affect the particle acceleration. On the global scale, it is found that particles can encounter the reconnection region first and then return to the fast flows multiple times, and thus the acceleration is through multiple local acceleration processes, leading to particle energy ∼50 keV by reconnection/fast flows in the tail. The global simulation shows that particle acceleration involves multiple regions during their injection into the ring current.
My Career—Accomplishments, Experiences, and Work‐Life Balance
Authors: LeMone Margaret A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn describing my career, I have tried to share the experiences as well as the resume‐worthy accomplishments, trying to reflect not only the difficulties encountered but also the help from people along the way. After beginning with a short biography (initial conditions, education and training, career in a nutshell), I highlight some of the struggles and successes along the way (being a woman in the field, my supervisors, my promotions, work‐life balance, finally seminars, and retirement), before closing with something I've learned (advice) and an acknowledgment section, regretting that I almost certainly left someone out.
Genomic and transcriptomic profiling reveal molecular characteristics of parathyroid carcinoma
Authors: Jo Se-Young , Hong Namki , Lee Seunghyun , Jeong Jong Ju , Won Jeongsoo , Park Jiho , Kim Gi Jeong , Kim Sang Kyum , Kim Sangwoo , Rhee Yumie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGenomic and transcriptomic profiling has enhanced the diagnostic and treatment options for many cancers. However, the molecular characteristics of parathyroid cancer remain largely unexplored, thereby limiting the development of new therapeutic interventions. Herein, we conducted genomic and transcriptomic sequencing of 50 parathyroid tissues (12 carcinomas, 28 adenomas, and 10 normal tissues) to investigate the intrinsic and comparative molecular features of parathyroid carcinoma. We confirmed multiple two-hit mutation patterns in cell division cycle 73 (CDC73) that converged to biallelic inactivation, calling into question the presence of a second hit in other genes. In addition, allele-specific repression of CDC73 in copies with germline-truncating variants suggested selective pressure prior to tumorigenesis. Transcriptomic analysis identified upregulation of the expression of E2F targets, KRAS and TNF-alpha signaling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways in carcinomas compared to adenomas and normal tissues. A molecular classification model based on carcinoma-specific genes clearly separated carcinomas from adenomas and normal tissues, the clinical utility of which was demonstrated in two patients with uncertain malignant potential. A deeper analysis of gene expression and functional prediction suggested that Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) is a potential biomarker for CDC73-mutant parathyroid carcinoma, which was further validated through immunohistochemistry. Overall, our study revealed the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of parathyroid carcinoma and may help direct future precision diagnostic and therapeutic improvements.
DDIAS, DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor, is a potential therapeutic target in cancer
Authors: Im Joo-Young , Kang Mi-Jung , Kim Bo-Kyung , Won Misun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor (DDIAS) is an oncogenic protein that is highly expressed in a variety of cancers, including colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The discovery of DDIAS as a novel therapeutic target and its role in human cancer biology is fascinating and noteworthy. Recent studies have shown that DDIAS is involved in tumorigenesis, metastasis, DNA repair and synthesis, and drug resistance and that it plays multiple roles with distinct binding partners in several human cancers. This review focuses on the function of DDIAS and its regulatory proteins in human cancer as potential targets for cancer therapy, as well as the development and future prospects of DDIAS inhibitors.
Sex differences in the progression of glucose metabolism dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Park Jong-Chan , Lim Hanbyeol , Byun Min Soo , Yi Dahyun , Byeon Gihwan , Jung Gijung , Kim Yu Kyeong , Lee Dong Young , Han Sun-Ho , Mook-Jung Inhee 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid plaques and impaired brain metabolism. Because women have a higher prevalence of AD than men, sex differences are of great interest. Using cross-sectional and longitudinal data, we showed sex-dependent metabolic dysregulations in the brains of AD patients. Cohort 1 (South Korean, n = 181) underwent Pittsburgh compound B-PET, fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, magnetic resonance imaging, and blood biomarker (plasma tau and beta-amyloid 42 and 40) measurements at baseline and two-year follow-ups. Transcriptome analysis of data from Cohorts 2 and 3 (European, n = 78; Singaporean, n = 18) revealed sex differences in AD-related alterations in brain metabolism. In women (but not in men), all imaging indicators displayed consistent correlation curves with AD progression. At the two-year follow-up, clear brain metabolic impairment was revealed only in women, and the plasma beta-amyloid 42/40 ratio was a possible biomarker for brain metabolism in women. Furthermore, our transcriptome analysis revealed sex differences in transcriptomes and metabolism in the brains of AD patients as well as a molecular network of 25 female-specific glucose metabolic genes (FGGs). We discovered four key-attractor FGG genes (ALDOA, ENO2, PRKACB, and PPP2R5D) that were associated with amyloid/tau-related genes (APP, MAPT, BACE1, and BACE2). Furthermore, these genes successfully distinguished amyloid positivity in women. Understanding sex differences in the pathogenesis of AD and considering these differences will improve development of effective diagnostics and therapeutic treatments for AD.
Suppression of local inflammation via galectin-anchored indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
Authors: Bracho-Sanchez Evelyn , Rocha Fernanda G. , Bedingfield Sean K. , Partain Brittany D. , Macias Sabrina L. , Brusko Maigan A. , Colazo Juan M. , Fettis Margaret M. , Farhadi Shaheen A. , Helm Eric Y. , Koenders Kevin , Kwiatkowski Alexander J. , Restuccia Antonietta , Morales Bethsymarie Soto , Wanchoo Arun , Avram Dorina , Allen Kyle D. , Duvall Craig L. , Wallet Shannon M. , Hudalla Gregory A. , Keselowsky Benjamin G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe treatment of chronic inflammation with systemically administered anti-inflammatory treatments is associated with moderate-to-severe side effects, and the efficacy of locally administered drugs is short-lived. Here we show that inflammation can be locally suppressed by a fusion protein of the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO) and galectin-3 (Gal3). Gal3 anchors IDO to tissue, limiting the diffusion of IDO-Gal3 away from the injection site. In rodent models of endotoxin-induced inflammation, psoriasis, periodontal disease and osteoarthritis, the fusion protein remained in the inflamed tissues and joints for about 1 week after injection, and the amelioration of local inflammation, disease progression and inflammatory pain in the animals were concomitant with homoeostatic preservation of the tissues and with the absence of global immune suppression. IDO-Gal3 may serve as an immunomodulatory enzyme for the control of focal inflammation in other inflammatory conditions.
Prognostic significance of albuminuria in elderly of various ages with diabetes
Authors: Hwang Subin , Lee Kyungho , Park Jeeeun , Kim Do Hee , Jeon Junseok , Jang Hye Ryoun , Hur Kyu Yeon , Kim Jae Hyeon , Huh Wooseong , Kim Yoon-Goo , Lee Jung Eun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIt remains uncertain whether albuminuria can identify elderly patients with diabetes at a high risk of incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or mortality. 3065 patients (aged ≥ 65 years) with type 2 diabetes were included. We examined the association between albuminuria stages (normoalbuminuria, A1; microalbuminuria, A2; and macroalbuminuria, A3) and the risk of incident ESKD and all-cause mortality for each age group (65–69, 70–74, and ≥ 75 years). A2 and A3 were observed in 25.5% and 9.4% of the subjects, respectively. For A1, A2, and A3, the probabilities of ESKD at 8 years were 1.0%, 6.3%, and 29.7% (P < 0.001 for all), and the all-cause mortality was 13.1%, 27.4%, and 31.7% (P < 0.001 for A1 vs A2, P < 0.001 for A1 vs A3), respectively. Albuminuria stages were independently associated with an increased risk of ESKD [fully adjusted hazard ratios (HR): 3.650 (1.987–6.702) for A2, 10.404 (5.706–18.972) for A3 vs. A1]. The HRs of all-cause mortality were 1.742 (1.411–2.153) for A2 and 1.810 (1.344–2.441) for A3. The associations between albuminuria stages and the risk of ESKD and all-cause mortality were consistent across all age groups. Even microalbuminuria is also a risk factor for incident ESKD and mortality in elderly patients with diabetes.
Cholesterol biosynthesis modulates differentiation in murine cranial neural crest cells
Authors: Pascual Florencia , Icyuz Mert , Karmaus Peer , Brooks Ashley , Van Gorder Elizabeth , Fessler Michael B. , Shaw Natalie D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCranial neural crest cells (cNCC) are a multipotent embryonic cell population that give rise to a diverse set of cell types. These cells are particularly vulnerable to external metabolic stressors, as exemplified by the association between maternal hyperglycemia and congenital malformations. We were interested in studying the effect of various concentrations of glucose and pyruvate on cNCC metabolism, migration, and differentiation using an established murine neural crest cell model (O9-1). We unexpectedly observed a pattern of gene expression suggestive of cholesterol biosynthesis induction under glucose depletion conditions in O9-1 cells. We further showed that treatment with two different cholesterol synthesis inhibitors interfered with cell migration and differentiation, inhibiting chondrogenesis while enhancing smooth muscle cell differentiation. As congenital arhinia (absent external nose), a malformation caused by mutations in SMCHD1, appears to represent, in part, a defect in cNCC, we were also interested in investigating the effects of glucose and cholesterol availability on Smchd1 expression in O9-1 cells. Smchd1 expression was induced under high glucose conditions whereas cholesterol synthesis inhibitors decreased Smchd1 expression during chondrogenesis. These data highlight a novel role for cholesterol biosynthesis in cNCC physiology and demonstrate that human phenotypic variability in SMCHD1 mutation carriers may be related, in part, to SMCHD1’s sensitivity to glucose or cholesterol dosage during development.
Respiratory entrainment of the locus coeruleus modulates arousal level to avoid physical risks from external vibration
Authors: Iwamoto Masami , Yonekura Shogo , Atsumi Noritoshi , Hirabayashi Satoko , Kanazawa Hoshinori , Kuniyoshi Yasuo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSlow rocking chairs can easily put people to sleep, while violent shaking, such as during earthquakes, may lead to rapid awakening. However, the influence of external body vibrations on arousal remains unclear. Herein, a computational model of a locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine (NE) system and cardio-respiratory system were used to show that respiratory entrainment of the LC modulates arousal levels, which is an adaptation to avoid physical risks from external vibration. External vibrations of sinusoidal waves with different frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 20 [Hz] were applied to the LC based on the results of previous studies. We found that respiratory entrainment of the LC decreased the breathing rate (BR) and heart rate (HR) to maintain the HR within its normal range. Furthermore, 1:1 phase locking enhanced arousal level while phase-amplitude coupling decreased it for larger vibration stimuli. These findings suggest that respiratory entrainment of the LC might automatically modulate cardio-respiratory system homeostasis and arousal levels for performance readiness (fight/flight or freeze) to avoid physical risks from larger external vibrations.
Reproductives signature revealed by protein profiling and behavioral bioassays in termite
Authors: Ruhland Fanny , Gabant Guillaume , Toussaint Timothée , Nemcic Matej , Cadène Martine , Lucas Christophe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProteins are known to be social interaction signals in many species in the animal kingdom. Common mediators in mammals and aquatic species, they have seldom been identified as such in insects' behaviors. Yet, they could represent an important component to support social signals in social insects, as the numerous physical contacts between individuals would tend to favor the use of contact compounds in their interactions. However, their role in social interactions is largely unexplored: are they rare or simply underestimated? In this preliminary study, we show that, in the termite Reticulitermes flavipes, polar extracts from reproductives trigger body-shaking of workers (a vibratory behavior involved in reproductives recognition) while extracts from workers do not. Molecular profiling of these cuticular extracts using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry reveals higher protein diversity in reproductives than in workers and a sex-specific composition exclusive to reproductives. While the effects observed with extracts are not as strong as with live termites, these results open up the intriguing possibility that social signaling may not be limited to cuticular hydrocarbons or other non-polar, volatile chemicals as classically accepted. Our results suggest that polar compounds, in particular some of the Cuticular Protein Compounds (CPCs) shown here by MALDI to be specific to reproductives, could play a significant role in insect societies. While this study is preliminary and further comprehensive molecular characterization is needed to correlate the body-shaking triggering effects with a given set of polar compounds, this exploratory study opens new perspectives for understanding the role of polar compounds such as proteins in caste discrimination, fertility signaling, or interspecific insect communication.
Unsatisfactory reproducibility of interstitial inflammation scoring in allograft kidney biopsy
Authors: Huang Shun-Chen , Lin Yi-Jia , Wen Mei-Chin , Lin Wei-Chou , Fang Pei-Wei , Liang Peir-In , Chuang Hao-Wen , Chien Hui-Ping , Chen Tai-Di 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInterstitial inflammation scoring is incorporated into the Banff Classification of Renal Allograft Pathology and is essential for the diagnosis of T-cell mediated rejection. However, its reproducibility, including inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities, has not been carefully investigated. In this study, eight renal pathologists from different hospitals independently scored 45 kidney allograft biopsies with varying extents of interstitial inflammation. Inter-rater reliabilities and intra-rater reliabilities were investigated by kappa statistics and conditional agreement probabilities. Individual pathologists’ scoring patterns were examined by chi-squared tests and proportions tests. The mean pairwise kappa values for inter-rater reliability were 0.27, 0.30, and 0.26 for the Banff i score, ti score, and i-IFTA, respectively. No rater pair performed consistently better or worse than others on all three scorings. After dichotomizing the scores into two groups (none/mild and moderate/severe inflammation), the averaged conditional agreements ranged from 47.1% to 50.0%. The distributions of the scores differed, but some pathologists persistently scored higher or lower than others. Given the important role of interstitial inflammation scoring in the diagnosis of T-cell mediated rejection, transplant practitioners should be aware of the possible clinical implications of the far-from-optimal reproducibility.
The role of water mass advection in staging of the Southern Ocean Salpa thompsoni populations
Authors: Henschke Natasha , Espinasse Boris , Stock Charles A. , Liu Xiao , Barrier Nicolas , Pakhomov Evgeny A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSalpa thompsoniis an important grazer in the Southern Ocean. Their abundance in the western Antarctic Peninsula is highly variable, varying by up to 5000-fold inter-annually. Here, we use a particle-tracking model to simulate the potential dispersal of salp populations from a source location in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) to the Palmer Long Term Ecological Research (PAL LTER) study area. Tracking simulations are run from 1998 to 2015, and compared against both a stationary salp population model simulated at the PAL LTER study area and observations from the PAL LTER program. The tracking simulation was able to recreate closely the long-term trend and the higher abundances at the slope stations. The higher abundances observed at slope stations are likely due to the advection of salp populations from a source location in the ACC, highlighting the significant role of water mass circulation in the distribution and abundance of Southern Ocean salp populations.