bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Low-Tech Augmentative and Alternative Communication Intervention on Intentional Triadic Gaze as Alternative Access by School-Age Children With Multiple Disabilities
Authors: Holyfield Christine , Caron Jessica , Lorah Elizabeth , Norton Bailey 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
Students with multiple disabilities who are beginning communicators require augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to communicate during school and participate in its academic and social aspects. Triadic gaze is a method for accessing low-tech AAC that minimizes physical demands on access for students with limited mobility, such as students with multiple disabilities. Thus, this study evaluated an instructional protocol for teaching triadic gaze as a low-tech AAC access method for students with multiple disabilities.

Method:
Three students with multiple disabilities who were beginning communicators participated in a multiple baseline across participants design with three phases: baseline, treatment, and generalization and maintenance. Participants engaged in instruction around using triadic gaze to communicate by making selections on an eye gaze board.

Results:
Visual analysis showed that all three participants acquired the use of triadic gaze as a method of accessing low-tech AAC in response to instruction. Effect size estimations suggested instruction was effective. The participants also demonstrated that the newly acquired skill generalized to interactions with familiar communication partners after instruction ended.

Conclusions:
These findings show that instruction can be effective in teaching triadic gaze as a low-tech AAC access method for students with multiple disabilities. Future research should explore the effects of using this access method on communicating across school contexts.
Tuning of controller parameters for suppressing low frequency oscillations in electric railway traction networks using meta‐heuristic algorithms
Authors: Dey Prasenjit , Kirawanich Phumin , Sumpavakup Chaiyut , Bhattacharya Aniruddha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to the interaction of electric multiple units (EMUs), and the electric traction networks, low frequency oscillations (LFOs) appear leading to traction blockade and overall stability related issues. For suppressing LFOs, coronavirus herd immunity optimiser (CHIO), a recently developed meta‐heuristic, has been applied for tuning controller parameters. Controller parameters are tuned to minimise the integral time absolute error (ITAE) that regulates DC‐link capacitor voltage. Results obtained using CHIO are compared with those found using other well‐established algorithms like symbiotic organisms search (SOS) and particle swarm optimisation (PSO). The supremacy of CHIO over other mentioned algorithms for mitigating LFOs was demonstrated for a diverse range of operating conditions. Results demonstrates that overshoot for the proposed algorithm‐based traction unit is 1.0061% whereas those for SOS and PSO based algorithm are obtained as 6.4542 % and 20.6166%, respectively which are quite high. CHIO is more stable than SOS and PSO and requires settling time of 0.1934 s only to reach steady‐state condition, which is 50.21% faster than SOS and 65.03% faster than PSO. Also, the total harmonic distortion (THD) for line currents of the secondary side of traction transformer (TT) are obtained as 0.88%, 2.17%, and 12.48% for CHIO, SOS, and PSO, respectively.
Measurement‐based omnidirectional millimetre‐wave and sub‐THz propagation analysis in a large cubicle office environment
Authors: Lee Juyul , Park Jae‐Joon , Kim Kyung‐Won , Kwon Heon Kook , Kim Myung‐Don 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor 5G beyond and/or 6G mobile services, a new spectrum at frequencies above 100 GHz has received great attention lately. To characterise the similarities and the differences between frequencies below 100 GHz and above 100 GHz, this paper provides analyses of multi‐frequency propagation characteristics based on wideband measurements at 28, 38, 71, 82, and 159 GHz, with an emphasis on the sub‐THz (i.e. the 159 GHz) propagation characteristics. All the frequency measurements were conducted in the same cubicle office room environment by locating the transmitter and the receiver at the same positions. The measurement results show that the path loss and the shadow fading characteristics do not exhibit significant differences depending on the frequency range from 28 to 159 GHz. However, the delay spread shows a generally decreasing trend as the frequency increases. Additionally, angular domain analyses were conducted with the 159 GHz measurements.
Laboratory Workup of Hypereosinophilia
Authors: Sundaresan Durga Devi , Sreedharanunni Sreejesh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHypereosinophilia (HE) can be caused by a wide variety of non-hematologic (secondary or reactive) and hematologic (primary, clonal) disorders. Diagnosing hypereosinophilia/hypereosinophilic syndrome (HE/HES) is challenging due to the complex nature of disease manifestations and numerous underlying etiologies. Knowing that only rare cases are clonal, it is wise to rule out reactive conditions and proceed with molecular and other advanced tools. The exclusion of secondary causes needs a detailed clinical evaluation followed by a wide range of serological and imaging investigations. Once reactive eosinophilia has been ruled out, the diagnosis of primary HE/HES is made using a combination of morphologic examination of the blood and bone marrow, conventional cytogenetics, fluorescent in situ hybridization, flow-cytometry, and T-cell clonality evaluation to look for histopathologic or clonal evidence of an underlying hematological disorder. The accurate diagnosis of clonal eosinophilia-causing myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms and the identification of numerous gene rearrangements significantly enhance patient outcomes, because a proportion of these patients (such as PDGFRA and PDGFRB rearrangements) responds well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Considering the complex etiopathologies, the cost of testing, and the time involved, the workup needs to be tailored according to the urgency of the situation and the resources available. In urgent situations with organ damage, it is crucial to initiate appropriate management without waiting for the results of investigations. In contrast, in a resource-limited situation, it is acceptable to employ step-by-step rather than comprehensive testing to rule out the most common causes first. Here, we discuss various laboratory investigations employed in diagnosing HE/HES, highlighting their importance in different situations.
The Care of Childhood Cancer Survivors in India: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Prasad Maya , Goswami Savita , Kurkure Purna A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose We describe the challenges faced and lessons learnt over three decades of a childhood cancer survivorship program in India.
Methods We provide a descriptive analysis of the challenges and barriers faced in running this program, our strategies in management, and detail the stages of development of holistic support system.
Results The profile of late effects in our cohort of survivors is notable for the high prevalence of psychosocial issues and metabolic syndrome. Major difficulties faced were transitioning of patients to survivorship care and attrition to follow-up, which were overcome to an extent by ensuring constant communication/rapport-building, updated databases, and peer support groups. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations and other donors have enabled financial, psychosocial, educational, and vocational rehabilitation.
Conclusions It is feasible to establish and sustain a survivorship program in a large-volume center in low- and medium-income country. Understanding the unique spectrum of late effects and establishing a holistic support system go a long way in ensuring the long-term physical and mental health and psychosocial concerns of childhood cancer survivors. Decentralization, development of a strong national networks, capacity building, and incorporation of sustainable technology should be priorities in survivorship care.
Molecular MRD Assessment in Acute Myeloid Leukemias
Authors: Harankhedkar Shivangi , Patkar Nikhil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDetection of measurable residual disease (MRD) is of significant value in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Along with multicolor flowcytometry (MFC), molecular techniques form an integral tool in AML MRD detection. Multiple studies have reiterated the role of molecular MRD evaluation in AML at defined timepoints during the course of therapy, helping in risk stratification, prediction of relapse, and as guide for pre-emptive therapy. The latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification (WHO-HEME5) has refined the classification of AML bringing forth newer entities defined by molecular abnormalities, especially fusions. AML is a clonally heterogeneous disease characterized by a spectrum of multiple molecular abnormalities including gene mutations and fusions. Accordingly, the molecular methods employed are also diverse and need robust technical standardization in clinical laboratories. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), digital PCR, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) are the major molecular platforms for AML MRD. The European LeukemiaNet (ELN) MRD Working Party consensus document recently updated in 2021 for the first time has reflected on the technical recommendations for NGS MRD in AML and stressed the value of an integrated approach. It is, therefore, desirable for physicians, scientists, and pathologists alike to thoroughly understand these molecular methods for appropriate utilization and interpretation. In this article, we discuss the various facets of molecular methods for MRD detection in AML including technical requirements, advantages, drawbacks, and applications.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Pierre Robin Sequence and Its Prognosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhong ChunYan , Xie Zhaopeng , Dong Hongmei , Chen Ting , Zhang Xiaohang , Ran SuZhen 
Published: April 2023

Objective This study aimed to explore the efficiency of ultrasound (US) in prenatal diagnosis and prognosis of Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) of 18 cases.
Study Design A total of 79,305 women admitted for prenatal US examinations were recruited from January 2017 to December 2020. Eighteen cases of PRS fetuses were selected form the cohort and 40 cases of isolated micrognathia were recruited randomly as control group. All the clinical and imaging results were retrospectively reviewed. General condition, US measurements, and prognosis of fetuses were compared between groups.
Results Cleft palate, glossoptosis, and micrognathia were found in all 18 fetuses with PRS by prenatal US. Compared with the isolated micrognathia group, there were no significant differences in the PRS group in examination of maternal age, gestational weeks at assessment, and gender of fetuses, but significant lower measures in inferior facial angle, jaw index, and frontal nasal–mental angle (each p < 0.05). Twelve fetuses were defined to have other associated malformations. Ear malformations were the most common associated malformations with a prevalence of 44.4% (8/18). All of the18 cases were confirmed with PRS after delivery or autopsy. Two delivered infants were found bucking easily, one baby was spitting up frequently but growth showed normal.
Conclusion Prenatal detection of PRS with US examination is highly efficient. Even with the triad of malformations, isolated PRS had good outcomes following initial stabilization and management in the neonatal period. Prenatal detection of Pierre Robin syndrome with targeted US examination is efficient in discerning characteristics of this rare syndrome. Even with the triad of malformations, isolated PRS had good outcomes following initial stabilization and management in the neonatal period.
Key Points
The Pitfalls of Global Hemostasis Assays in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Future Challenges
Authors: Tiu Andrew , Chiasakul Thita , Kessler Craig M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVenous and arterial thromboembolism are major complications of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), comprising polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Global hemostasis assays, including thrombin generation assay (TGA), rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), and thromboelastography (TEG), have been proposed as biomarkers to assess the hypercoagulability and thrombotic risk stratification in MPNs. We performed a systematic literature review on the parameters of TGA, ROTEM, and TEG and their association with thrombotic events and treatment strategies in MPNs. Thirty-two studies (all cross-sectional) were included, which collectively enrolled 1,062 controls and 1,608 MPN patients. Among the 13 studies that reported arterial or venous thrombosis, the overall thrombosis rate was 13.8% with 6 splanchnic thromboses reported. Out of the 27 TGA studies, there was substantial heterogeneity in plasma preparation and trigger reagents employed in laboratory assays. There was a trend toward increased peak height among all MPN cohorts versus controls and higher endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) between ET patients versus controls. There was an overall trend toward lower ETP between PV and PMF patients versus. controls. There were no substantial differences in ETP between JAK2-positive versus JAK2-negative MPNs, prior history versus negative history of thrombotic events, and among different treatment strategies. Of the three ROTEM studies, there was a trend toward higher maximum clot firmness and shorter clot formation times for all MPNs versus controls. The three TEG studies had mixed results. We conclude that the ability of parameters from global hemostasis assays to predict for hypercoagulability events in MPN patients is inconsistent and inconclusive. Further prospective longitudinal studies are needed to validate these biomarker tools so that thrombotic potential could be utilized as a primary endpoint of such studies.
Role of Molecular Targeted Therapeutic Drugs in Treatment of Glioblastoma: A Review Article
Authors: Singh Himanshu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma is remarkably periodic primary brain tumor, characterizing an eminently heterogeneous pattern of neoplasms that are utmost destructive and threatening cancers.An enhanced and upgraded knowledge of the various molecular pathways that cause malignant changes in glioblastoma has resulted in advancement of numerous biomarkers and the interpretation of various agents that pointedly target tumor cells and microenvironment. In this review, literature or information on various targeted therapy for glioblastoma is discussed. English language articles were scrutinized in plentiful directory or databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The important keywords used for searching databases are “Glioblastoma,” “Targeted therapy in glioblastoma,” “Therapeutic drugs in glioblastoma,” and “Molecular targets in glioblastoma.”
The rationality of adaptive decision-making and the feasibility of optimal growth planning
Authors: Sakaki Shungo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRationality, the premise of economics, is an ideal behavioral norm. In the real world, however, intertemporal decision-making is based on adaptive behavioral principles from companies to individual households. It bases on managerial accounting procedures, whereby action plans are formulated and implemented, differences from actual results are recognized, and revisions accumulate over time. We take the intertemporal decision-making problem of households’ consumption/saving (investment) planning in this paper. And we compare the validity of rationality and adaptability as decision-making principles. First, rational decision-making in the optimal growth model leads to a unique path. However, optimal growth planning is practically unstable on the saddle-point path and can only realize if it assumes rationality leading to perfect foresight. On the other hand, the growth paths guided by budget-controlled adaptive decision-making are diverse and distributed in the myriad around the optimal growth path. This redundancy creates stability in the management and operation of the plan. Because through the trial-and-error process of planning and actual comparison, we can implement a more advantageous plan while allowing for multiple next-best goals, including the optimal growth path. Moreover, the numerical results show that the sequentially adaptive consumption/investment planning is comparable to the optimal growth plan on a social welfare basis calculated by accumulating consumption utility and is practically manageable. For example, paths that exceed 0.9 as a ratio to the optimal growth plan are reachable from the initial planning stage at a ratio of 0.58. Based on the above results, we can now analyze intertemporal economic problems with this realistic, practical, and simple method, replacing dynamic optimization ones.
Superconducting single-photon detectors fabricated via a focused electron beam-induced deposition process
Authors: Steinhauer Stephan , Iovan Adrian , Gyger Samuel , Zwiller Val 
Published: April 2023

Superconducting detectors have become essential devices for high-performance single-photon counting over a wide wavelength range with excellent time resolution. Detector fabrication typically relies on resist-based lithography processes, which can limit possibilities for device integration, e.g., on unconventional substrates. Here, we demonstrate a resist-free fabrication route for realizing superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors based on focused electron beam-induced deposition. Utilizing direct writing of a Pt–C mask, we achieved nanowire meanders with linewidths below 100 nm, operated them as superconducting devices for the detection of visible and near-infrared photons, and showed detector integration on side-polished optical fibers. Being compatible with device fabrication on curved irregular surfaces, our approach could enable superconducting detector integration in complex configurations.
Melatonin improves the ability of spermatozoa to bind with oocytes in the mouse
Authors: Liu YaNan , Zhang YuSheng , Wang ZeLin , Teng Zi , Zhu Peng , Xie MeiNa , Liu FuJun , Liu XueXia 
Published: April 2023

Context and aims Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant regulating various biological functions, including alleviating male reproductive damage under pathological conditions. Here, we aim to analyse the effect of melatonin on normal male reproduction in mice. Methods Male mice received an intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (10 mg/kg body weight) for 35 consecutive days. The testis and epididymis morphology, and epididymal sperm parameters were examined. PCNA, HSPA2, SYCP3, ZO-1 and CYP11A1 expressions in epididymis or testis were detected by immunohistochemistry or Western blotting. Male fertility was determined by in vivo and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) experiments. The differentially expressed sperm proteins were identified by proteomics. Key results No visible structural changes and oxidative damage in the testis and epididymis, and no significant side effects on testis weight, testosterone levels, sperm motility, and sperm morphology were observed in the melatonin-treatment group compared with the control group. Spermatogenesis-related molecules of PCNA, SYCP3, ZO-1, and CYP11A1 showed no significant differences in melatonin-treated testis. However, PCNA and HSPA2 increased their expressions in the epididymal initial segments in the melatonin-treatment group. Normal sperm fertilisation, two-cell and blastocyst development were observed in the melatonin-treated group, but melatonin significantly enhanced the sperm binding ability characterised as more sperm binding to one oocyte (control 7.2 ± 1.3 versus melatonin 11.8 ± 1.5). Sperm proteomics demonstrated that melatonin treatment enhanced the biological process of cell adhesion in sperm. Conclusions and implications This study suggests that melatonin can promote sperm maturation and sperm function, providing important information for further research on the physiological function and protective effect of melatonin in male reproduction.
Simultaneously enhanced photon blockades in two microwave cavities via driving a giant atom
Authors: Zheng Chang-Mei , Zhang Wei , Wang Dong-Yang , Han Xue , Wang Hong-Fu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We propose a scheme to enhance photon blockades simultaneously in two microwave cavities connected by a giant atom. In the case that only one cavity is weakly driven, we observe that the enhanced photon blockades occur in both cavities at the same time, which is attributed to the anharmonic eigenenergy spectrum constructed by the resonantly coupled giant atom. When the cavity and the atom are simultaneously driven, the stronger photon blockades in two cavities can be successfully achieved by the destructive quantum interference of two-photon excitation. Interestingly, we find that high single-photon occupations can be obtained in both cases. Moreover, we give the optimal conditions for conventional and unconventional photon blockades through analytical calculations, which are in good agreement with numerical results. Our scheme opens a prospective path to achieve simultaneous photon blockades in two indirectly coupled cavities, and provides a promising method to generate the high-quality and brightness single photon source.
Multi-messenger constraints on Abelian-Higgs cosmic string networks
Authors: Hindmarsh Mark , Kume Jun'ya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Nielsen-Olesen vortices in the Abelian-Higgs (AH) model are the simplest realisations of
cosmic strings in a gauge field theory. Large-scale numerical solutions show that the dominant
decay channel of a network of AH strings produced from random initial conditions is classical
field radiation. However, they also show that with special initial conditions, loops of string
can be created for which classical field radiation is suppressed, and which behave like Nambu-Goto (NG) strings with a dominant decay channel into gravitational radiation. This indicates that
cosmic strings are generically sources of both high-energy particles and gravitational waves.
Here we adopt a simple parametrisation of the AH string network allowing for both particle and
gravitational wave production. With a reference to a specific model for NG-like loop distribution,
this sets the basis for a “multi-messenger” investigation of this model. We find that, in order
to explain the NANOGrav detection of a possible gravitational wave background, while satisfying
the constraint on NG-like loop production from simulations and bounds from the cosmic microwave
background, the tension of the AH string in Planck units Gμ and the fraction of the NG-like
loops f
NG should satisfy Gμ
f
NG
2.6 ≳ 3.2 × 10-13 at 95% confidence. On
the other hand, for such string tensions, constraints from the diffuse gamma-ray background (DGRB)
indicate that more than 97% of the total network energy should be converted to dark matter (DM)
or dark radiation. We also consider joint constraints on the annihilation cross-section, the
mass, and the relic abundance of DM produced by decays of strings. For example, for a DM mass of
500 GeV, the observed relic abundance can be explained by decaying AH strings that also account
for the NANOGrav signal.