bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant stress prediction model on nutrient film technique hydroponic in a natural greenhouse
Authors: Setiawati DA , Sutiarso L , Ngadisih  , Murtiningrum  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to identify plant stress on the NFT hydroponic module in the greenhouse using the mathematical model of the 4th-order polynomial regression equation. The artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach was also conducted to analyze factors affecting plant growth and yield. Tatsoi plants (Brassica rapa subsp. Narinosa) were grown in the NFT hydroponic module with three treatments of irrigation time, i.e., 6 hours (A6), 12 hours (A12), and 24 hours (A24). Measured parameters include microclimate (temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity) and plant morphology (leaf canopy area, root length, leaf number, and plant weight). The value of the resulting model’s coefficient of determination (R2) for A6, A12, and A24 were 0.9986, 0.994, and 0.9988, respectively. The results of the validation test also show that the prediction data built from the model is very close to the actual data of tatsoi plant’s leaf canopy area. Based on the ANN approach, the MAPE value (0.240) and error (0.00116) A6 treatment were the smallest, whereas the largest R2 value (0.979) was also obtained in this treatment. Furthermore, analysis of the plant weight showed that changes in the leaf canopy area due to water stress ultimately affect plant yield.
Identification of tomato ripeness levels (Lycopersicum esculentum Miil) using android-based digital image processing
Authors: Ifmalinda  , Andasuryani  , Rasinta I. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The process of identifying tomato ripeness is generally done based on human perception, which is subjective and takes a long time. Color is one indicator of the tomato ripeness level. The color of tomato skin is an important indicator in determining the level of ripeness [1]. The development of image processing methods allows the identification of tomato ripeness levels more accurately, precisely and quickly. Digital image processing refers to processing two-dimensional images using a computer and using digital image processing techniques to obtain information that can be processed by a computer and the results are more precise, fast and automatic. One of the reasons for using Android-based applications as a platform is because it is easily accessible anywhere. Based on the results of the research, the identification of the ripeness level of tomatoes using image processing methods with the C# programming language with Unity 3D software can be implemented to determine the ripeness level of tomatoes. The validation of the chromameter and digital image obtained the coefficient of determination La*b*, respectively 0.9979, 0.9999, 0.9978 and the correlation value of La*b* is 0.998, 0.999 and 0.998. The designed application can be implemented with RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) values at L a*b* of 0.171, 0.530, 0.537.
Estimation of vegetable leather shelf life from a combination of beluntas leaves (Pluchea indica L.) and seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) with various types of packaging using the ASLT (accelerated shelf life testing) method of the arrhenius model
Authors: Brilian C A , Astuti S , Sartika D , Suharyono  , Hidayati S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Beluntas leaves vegetable leather is a new processed product, so its shelf life is currently unknown. This research utilised the ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Test) Arrhenius model to assess the shelf life of vegetable leather in three different forms of packaging, including aluminum foil, combination (aluminum foil-polyethylene), and polypropylene. The research includes two replications and a descriptive design. Three different types of packing were used to store vegetable leather for a month at oven temperatures of 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C (28 days). Every week, on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28, observations were made about the moisture content and sensory factors (texture, color, and aroma). The shelf life of vegetable leather was calculated using the parameter data using the Arrhenius model ASLT method with Microsoft Excel 2010. The results indicated that vegetable leather beluntas leaves packaged in aluminum foil had a shelf life of 179.53 days (5 months, 27 days), while in combination packaging (aluminum foil-polyethylene), they had a shelf life of 44.20 days (1 month, 13 days). In polypropylene packaging, the product had a shelf life of 35.94 days (1 month and four days) according to order 1 of the Arrhenius model ASLT method.
Nanoemulsion concept to improve bioinsecticide using citronella grass distillation waste and Spiked pepper
Authors: Lina E C , Nelly N , Tama D P , Reflin  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Nanoemulsion of S. pepper could control cabbage pests but optimization is needed for the composition because of low toxicity. The purpose of this research was to optimized composition of S. pepper nanoemulsion using citronella waste that increases stability and reduces the size of particle. The insecticidal activity was tested using the leaves residual method. The experimental design used a completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consisted of five concentration 0.10%, 0.16%, 0.27%, 0.45%, and 0.74% with five replications. The quality of nanoparticles was tested with PSA Zetasizer Nano ZS Malvern tools. The results show formula is classified as a nanoemulsion because it has a size of 104.2 nm. The particle size of this formula is smaller than in previous research using only one S. pepper extract. LC50 this formula is 0.41 and LC95 1,88. Based on the toxicity test formula can control 81,33% C. pavonana in the highest concentration but previous research only can be controlled 40.00 %.
Effect of Drop Height and Impact Surface on Quality of Guava var. Piraweh Ampalu
Authors: Andasuryani  , Ifmalinda  , Susanti Sindi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Drop height and impact surface need to be considered during fruit postharvest handling to minimize the loss of quality and quantity. This study investigated the effect of the drop height factors (0 cm, 60 cm, 80 cm, and 100 cm) and the surface impact (cartons, plastic crates, steel plate) on guava quality var Piraweh Ampalu during temporary storage. An experimental method was conducted by treatment of drop height and impact surface with three replications. The results showed that the drop height and impact surface affected the guava’s weight loss and bruised area. In addition, the drop height also affected the TSS content. Meanwhile, the pH value of guava was not influenced by the drop height, the impact surface, or their interaction. Furthermore, absorbed impact energy increased along with the increasing drop height. It also correlated with the bruised area. A soft impact surface such as cartons and a drop height lower than 60 cm was recommended to prevent the quick deterioration of guava quality.
The effects of sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5) on the physicochemical properties of breadnut seeds (artocarpus camansi)
Authors: Hidayat F , Indarti E , Arahman N , Rahmi  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Starch can be produced from many plant varieties and through various processing methods. Breadnut (Artocarpus camansi) is a plant variety containing seeds that are rich in carbohydrates to produce starch. However, it has not been widely used and converted into useful products because it is still traditionally considered waste. Starch can be produced physically, chemically, and enzymatically. In this study, the starch extraction from breadnut seeds was conducted using a chemical method, namely immersion into sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5) at concentrations of 600, 800, and 1000 ppm. Characterization includes starch content, water content, amylose content, crystallinity using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), functional groups using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and morphology using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The results showed the immersion of breadnut seeds into sodium metabisulfite affected the physicochemical properties. The produced starch content ranged from 53.56-54.87%; water content ranged from 5.83-6.66%; amylose content ranged from 27.07-30.80%. Based on the X-ray diffraction pattern, breadnut seed starch belonged to Type B which reached the highest peak at 17° 2θ. The functional group also showed the same FTIR spectrum in the breadnut seeds starch. Meanwhile, the morphological result showed that the starch granules of breadnut seeds ranged from 6.6 μm to 8.1 μm.
Observational study of Lactuca sativa L quality during storage
Authors: Ghazali S N A , Mustaffha S , Shamsi S M , Sulaiman H , Pebrian D E , Zahari M K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Leafy vegetables like lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) are prone to deteriorate in a short of time. Therefore, a proper storage is crucial to preserve the freshness of vegetables. Hence, the study is done to determine the effect of different storage temperature on lettuce quality at 5°C and room temperature to see quality changes over time. The changes in the chemical compound and physical appearance of lettuce throughout the storage process is collected. The observation was conducted in 15 days with 3-day intervals. The observational parameters are weight, sucrose level, chlorophyll, leaf colour, wilting, browning, taste, crunchiness and overall visual as the parameter. The result shows that, lettuce stored in refrigerator has longer shelf life and still consumable. At room temperature, the leaf starts to deteriorate after Day-6 while at 5°C, the lettuce quality start to drop after Day-12. Higher temperature will make the colour, wiltingness of the salad and browning are more affected than other variables. It is suggested that the lettuce is kept under lower temperature to extend its shelf life.
Eucalyptus pellita and Acacia hybrid species: potential bioenergy plantation in managing the risk of invasive in Indonesia
Authors: Nirsatmanto A , Sunarti S , Putri A I , Herawan T , Kartikawati N K , Haryjanto L , Lestari F , Rimbawanto A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Eucalyptus pellita and Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis) have favourable properties for bioenergy. However, these species have been indicated as invasive species. Because of great economic value of the species, managing the risk of its invasiveness is necessary. This paper presents an analytical study to examine the uses of E. pellita and Acacia hybrid for bioenergy while preventing its invasive potential. Data for the analysis was collected from two demonstration plots which were laid out in randomized completed block design with three replications of 16-squared tree-plots. The observation includes height, DBH, stand volume, and wood properties which were then converted into the wood biomass and energy potential. The findings indicate that E. pellita and Acacia hybrid could be potential sources of bioenergy. At short rotation of 36 months age, the estimated total energy potential for E. pellita ranged from 11.39 to 16.39 toe.ha-1, while the Acacia hybrid ranged from 23.41 to 35.74 toe.ha-1. Plantation management for bioenergy following considerations in reproductive system, growth, tree morphology, and wood properties could be applied to reduce the risk of invasiveness of the species. Implications to improve breeding strategy for bioenergy while avoiding the risk of invasive are also further discussed.
Performance Test of Solar Power Plant as a Source of Electricity in Mini Greenhouse
Authors: Putri I , Putri R E , Pramana F A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The potential of solar energy in an area is very dependent on the position between the sun and the position of the region on the earth’s surface. Greenhouse is house plant with environment plant that can controlled through devices electronics. The power electricity is needed for lights, water pumps, and another electronic component. This study aims to test the performance of solar panels as a source of electricity in a mini greenhouse and to determine how long it takes to charge the battery. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment and Machinery Production Management, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Andalas University. The result of this result is system mini greenhouse that consist of 2 solar panels type monocrystalline 100 Wp, Solar Charge Controller MPPT type, Inverter, Accu VRLA, cable, switch. Power generation results Sun this produce 2 outputs or output, i.e. tension and strength current. Tension and strong generated current fluctuate. This thing caused no stable intensity the sun at the moment testing field done. From use burden lamp of 20 watts obtained voltage Accu starting 12.87 V. From testing charging Accu who have conducted needed 8 hours for charging with voltage 13V.
The factors that influence operation risk on pineapple production: A case study in Muar, Johor.
Authors: Ghazi N A M , Khairuddin F , Noor W N W M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pineapple is a tropical plant and a warm seasonal fruit that has been cultivated for many years and has started to grow commercially. Pineapple was rapidly growing in southern Johor as the first place in Malaysia. However, there are risks during operation that can affect the quality and quantity of fruit. Uncertainties happen during operations, starting from the planting process until harvesting. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the factors that influence operation risk in pineapple production, determine the most crucial factors and identify the relationship between these factors affecting pineapple production, which have been analysed using descriptive analysis, multiple regression analysis and correlation analysis in SPSS version 21. A convenience sample of 132 pineapple smallholder farmers in Muar, Johor, was used to answer the questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed through face-to-face interviews and phone calls to all respondents. The results revealed that manpower issues were the most important factor influencing operation risk on pineapple production, with a beta value of 0.347, rather than the other three factors. All factors have a linear positive relationship with pineapple production since the p-value is 0.000, which is less than 0.05. Manpower issues have a positive relationship with pineapple production among other factors with the value of pearson correlation is 0.651.
Application of Vermicompost, Kasgot (BSF Compost), and Vermigot for growth and production of Pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.) in Ultisol
Authors: Sebayang N U W , Sabrina T , Rahmawati N , Lubis N 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ultisol have low organic matter content, acid pH, very low available nutrients, and high Al, therefore compost application is needed as a source of nutrients for plants in Ultisol. Vermicompost, which is produced from the decomposition of certain organic matter by earthworms. However, there is another decomposer that is producing compost, Black Soldier Fly larvae, it is called Kasgot (BSF compost). The new compost from combination of the two types both of compost is called Vermigot. This study aimed to examine the combination of vermicompost and kasgot from cow dung and banana stems on the growth of pakchoy in Ultisol soil. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RAK). The first factor is the type of compost (K): K1 (vermicompost), K2 (kasgot) and K3 (vermigot). The second factor is the dosage (D): D1 (100 g/pot), D2 (200 g/pot), and D3 (300 g/pot). The treatment was repeated two times so that 27 treatments were obtained. The best compost that could be used to increase the growth and production of pakchoy was vermigot compost 200 g/pot, while the type of compost with the best chemical characteristics and nutrient content in Ultisol soil was vermigot at a dose of 300 g/pot.
Metagenomic Profile of Endophytic Bacteria in Acacia mearnsii.
Authors: As Shiddiq MM , Pramudia D , Nefilinda N , Syukriani L , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Acacia mearnsii is one of the invasive plants belonging to the Mimosaceae family. The family is known to be able to symbiosis with some endophytic nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria. Such ability will significantly contribute to plant growth and development by influencing nutrient uptake and stress tolerance and thus to improve soil conditions for a better and more fertile. Comprehensive identification of bacterial population dynamic in that zone should elucidate symbiosis mechanism that in turn can be used for soil improvement. Metagenomic-based profiling are now commonly used in studying whole total microbial communities in nature. Sampling of the root was collected from A. mearnsii young trees grown in Alahan Panjang at 60 and 120 days after transplanting, sterilized and stored at -80°C in a falcon tube before being subjected to metagenome analysis. The dynamics of growth and diversity of endophytic microbes were checked through amplicon sequence of the 16S rRNA gene in the V3-V4 region using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) platform. Data analysis was performed using the QIIME2 application. The metagenomics analysis of endophytic bacteria on root A. mearnsii elucidates that the Proteobacteria is a dominant phyla in A. mearnsii root and analysis at the genera level shows that most of the Proteobacteria is dominated by the Bradyrhizobium which increase significantly during early growth phase.
The effects of different types of biofertilizers on selected peat properties and growth response of pak choy (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Yasa N A M , Kassim N Q B , Adam S , Othman N M I 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fertilizer is one of the main inputs in agriculture. Moving towards soil sustainability, this study intended to determine the effects of different types of biofertilizer on selected peat soil properties and to evaluate the growth response of Pak Choy planted in the peat soils. In this study, the peat soil was taken at selected area recommended by Pertubuhan Peladang Kawasan (PPK) in Tangkak, Johor, Malaysia. The treatments consist of three (3) different types of biofertilizer specifically Biofertilizer A (T1), Biofertilizer B (T2), Biofertilizer C (T3) and NPK 15:15:15 (T0) as a control with four replications, applied according to the recommended rate specified for each fertilizer. The treatments were arranged using randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a greenhouse. The selected soil properties (soil pH, soil moisture content, soil available P, soil exchangeable K, Ca and Mg) was analyse during the initial and after harvesting period whilst the growth response (number of leaves, plant height) of Pak Choy was monitored weekly. Findings showed that there are significant differences in soil pH and soil available P between treatments. The soil pH is significantly improved upon application of biofertilizers, specifically the Biofertilizer B and Biofertilizer C. Additionally, other parameters such as K, Ca and Mg indicates a positive increment upon biofertilizer application as compared to control. As such, it can be concluded that there is a positive effect of different types of biofertilizer application on selected peat soil properties and the growth response of Pak Choy planted in the peat soils.
Surface charge characteristics of Inceptisols ameliorated with biochar from young coconut waste
Authors: Darfis Irwan , Maulana Amsar , Prasetyo Teguh Budi , Lita Arestha Leo , Herviyanti  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The colloidal surface of the soil contains an electric charge and various surface characteristics. The application of amelioration technology can increase the availability of nutrients and overcome contamination such as pesticides in the soils. This research aimed to study the surface charge characteristics of Inceptisols ameliorated with biochar from young coconut waste (YCW). The experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design with three replications each. The treatment was carried out in a pot with dose equivalent to biochar YCW: A = 0 (0.0g); B = 10 (2.5g); C = 20 (5.0g); D = 30 (7.5g), and (E) 40 t ha-1 (10g 500g-1 soil). The results showed amelioration technology with biochar from young coconut waste, at the application of 40 t ha-1 on Inceptisols, an increased soil surface charge through changes in chemical characteristics by increasing the pH (H2O), EC, CEC, and SOM. The reduction in transmittance in the H-O-H bending band of water and C=C alkene (aromatic) (from 88.95 to 88,83 %) and minerals (from 50.50 to 50.42 %), increased the adsorption capacity of Inceptisols. The relationship of surface charge with chemical properties of Inceptisols ameliorated with biochar from young coconut waste occurred at a correlation value of ΔpH with pH H2O > pH PZC > CEC > Mineral = SOM > EC > pH KCl.
Comparison of plant growth and yield of rice under double-row and tile transplanting systems
Authors: Yuliawan T , Oue H , Ichwan N , Ukpoju A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To increase rice production for meeting community needs and reduce yield loss under the climate change, the Indonesian government has been recommending double-row transplanting systems, which are Jajar Legowo (JL) and Jejer Manten (JM). Some researchers found that those systems could increase the yield of the Indica rice cultivar without scientific investigations, such as differences in micrometeorological conditions under the different planting spaces. This study aimed to compare plant growth, yield, and solar radiation within the canopy in JL and JM with those in a standard tile transplanting system (TL) by planting Japonica rice cv. Nikomaru, from June 18 to October 7 2022. The result showed that the yield was higher in JL and JM than in TL, by 18.2% and 20.4%, respectively. In addition, the number of filled grain was higher in JL and JM than in TL, by 19.0% and 21.0%, respectively. JM and JL had higher leaf area index than TL during the generative stage causing higher photosynthesis in the unit area. Comparing JL and JM, JL had a smaller leaf area index resulting in lower absorption of solar radiation by the leaves. We suggested that JM is the best transplanting system for producing a higher yield.
The Application of endophytic halotolerant bacteria in modulating the development of maize seedlings under salinity
Authors: Handayani D P , Sulastri  , Bidara I S , Himawati S , Saryanah N A , Reninta R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Salinity stress has negative effects on plants physiologically as well as lowering productivity. Application of microbial inoculant as seed treatment is one of the bio-techniques that have proved to be efficient in enhancing salinity resilience in agriculture, especially for seedling development. This study aims to determine the effect of inoculation of halotolerant bacteria consortium on the development of maize seedlings under saline stress. The experiment used four different bacterial consortia namely B5 (two species of phosphate solubilizing bacteria); B6 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and ACC deaminase producing bacteria); B7 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria) and B9 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria, ACC deaminase producing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria). The salinity stress was conducted by adding NaCl with a concentration of 0, 50, 100, and 150 mM to the Hoagland nutrient solution as a germination medium. The inoculation bacteria increased the root length, root number, shoot length, fresh weight, and chlorophyll content of Pioneer maize seedling up to 25% at salinity stress treatment 150 mM NaCl. The highest increase in seedlings growth parameters was observed on seedlings inoculated by B5, B7, and B9 under a salinity treatment of 150 mM.