bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An in‐depth investigation of cryptic taxonomic diversity in the rare endemic mustard Draba maguirei
Authors: Windham Michael D. , Picard Kathryn T. , Pryer Kathleen M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPremisePreviously published evidence suggests that Draba maguirei, a mustard endemic to a few localities in the Bear River, Wellsville, and Wasatch Mountains of northern Utah, may represent a cryptic species complex rather than a single species. Conservation concerns prompted an in‐depth systematic study of this taxon and its putative relatives.MethodsSampling most known populations of D. maguirei s.l. (D. maguirei var. maguirei and D. maguirei var. burkei), we integrate data from geography, ecology, morphology, cytogenetics and pollen, enzyme electrophoresis, and the phylogenetic analysis of nuclear internal transcribed spacer sequences to explore potential taxonomic diversity in the species complex.ResultsDraba maguirei var. burkei is shown here to be a distinct species (D. burkei) most closely related to D. globosa, rather than to D. maguirei. Within D. maguirei s.s., the northern (high elevation) and southern (low elevation) population clusters are genetically isolated and morphologically distinguishable, leading to the recognition here of the southern taxon as D. maguirei subsp. stonei.ConclusionsOur study reveals that plants traditionally assigned to D. maguirei comprise three genetically divergent lineages (D. burkei and two newly recognized subspecies of D. maguirei), each exhibiting a different chromosome number and occupying a discrete portion of the geographic range. Although previously overlooked and underappreciated taxonomically, the three taxa are morphologically recognizable based on the distribution and types of trichomes present on the leaves, stems, and fruit. Our clarification of the diversity and distribution of these taxa provides an improved framework for conservation efforts.
Nosology of genetic skeletal disorders: 2023 revision
Authors: Unger Sheila , Ferreira Carlos R. , Mortier Geert R. , Ali Houda , Bertola Débora R. , Calder Alistair , Cohn Daniel H. , Cormier‐Daire Valerie , Girisha Katta M. , Hall Christine , Krakow Deborah , Makitie Outi , Mundlos Stefan , Nishimura Gen , Robertson Stephen P. , Savarirayan Ravi , Sillence David , Simon Marleen , Sutton V. Reid , Warman Matthew L. , Superti‐Furga Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe “Nosology of genetic skeletal disorders” has undergone its 11th revision and now contains 771 entries associated with 552 genes reflecting advances in molecular delineation of new disorders thanks to advances in DNA sequencing technology. The most significant change as compared to previous versions is the adoption of the dyadic naming system, systematically associating a phenotypic entity with the gene it arises from. We consider this a significant step forward as dyadic naming is more informative and less prone to errors than the traditional use of list numberings and eponyms. Despite the adoption of dyadic naming, efforts have been made to maintain strong ties to the MIM catalog and its historical data. As with the previous versions, the list of disorders and genes in the Nosology may be useful in considering the differential diagnosis in the clinic, directing bioinformatic analysis of next‐generation sequencing results, and providing a basis for novel advances in biology and medicine.
Tuning Local Coordination Environments of Manganese Single‐Atom Nanozymes with Multi‐Enzyme Properties for Selective Colorimetric Biosensing
Authors: Wang Ying , Cho Ara , Jia Guangri , Cui Xiaoqiang , Shin Junhyeop , Nam Inho , Noh Kyung‐Jong , Park Byoung Joon , Huang Rui , Han Jeong Woo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) are promising in next‐generation nanozymes, nevertheless, how to rationally modulate the microenvironment of SAzymes with controllable multi‐enzyme properties is still challenging. Herein, we systematically investigate the relationship between atomic configuration and multi‐enzymatic performances. The constructed MnSA−N3‐coordinated SAzymes (MnSA−N3−C) exhibits much more remarkable oxidase‐, peroxidase‐, and glutathione oxidase‐like activities than that of MnSA−N4−C. Based on experimental and theoretical results, these multi‐enzyme‐like behaviors are highly dependent on the coordination number of single atomic Mn sites by local charge polarization. As a consequence, a series of colorimetric biosensing platforms based on MnSA−N3−C SAzymes is successfully built for specific recognition of biological molecules. These findings provide atomic‐level insight into the microenvironment of nanozymes, promoting rational design of other demanding biocatalysts.
Nanostructuring of Rare‐earth‐based Single‐Molecule Magnets as Long‐range Ordered Arrays in the Framework of Organic Metal Halide Perovskites
Authors: Chai Congcong , Zhou Junyan , Hao Munan , Li Qi , Lu Jiali , Jin Shifeng , Chen Xiaolong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe nanostructuring of single‐molecule magnets (SMMs) on substrates, in nanotubes and periodic frameworks is highly desired for the future magnetic recording devices. However, the ability to organize SMMs into long‐range ordered arrays in these systems is still lacking. Here, we report the incorporation of magnetic (RECl2(H2O)6)+ (RE=rare earths) molecular groups into the framework of an organic metal halide perovskite (OMHP)—(H2dabco)CsCl3. Intriguingly, we show the incorporated rare‐earth groups self‐organized into long‐range ordered arrays that uniformly and periodically distributed in the A sites of OMHP. The ordered (RECl2(H2O)6)+ groups serve as SMMs in the perovskite frameworks, exhibiting large effective magnetic moment, moderate magnetic anisotropy and two‐step relaxation behavior. With the additional merit of great structural flexibility and multifunction of OMHPs, the preparation of the first SMMs@OMHP magnetic materials furthers the development of molecular spintronics.
Diazadiboraacenes: Synthesis, Spectroscopy and Computations
Authors: Ruhl Julia , Oberhof Nils , Dreuw Andreas , Wegner Hermann A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe incorporation of heteroatoms into hydrocarbon compounds greatly expands the chemical space of molecular materials. In this context, B−N doping takes a center stage due to its isosterism with a C=C‐bond. Herein, we present a new and modular synthetic concept to access novel diazadiborabenzo[b]triphenylenes7 a–husing the B−N doped biradical16as intermediate. Characterization of the photophysical properties revealed the emission spectra of the diazadibora benzo[b]triphenylenes7 a–hcan conveniently be tuned by small changes of the substitution on the boron‐atom. All of the diazadibora compounds show a short life‐time phosphorescence. Additionally, we were able to rationalize the excited‐state relaxation of the diazadiboraacene7 avia intersystem crossing by quantum chemical calculations. The new synthetic strategy provides an elegant route to various novel B−N doped acenes with great potential for applications in molecular materials.
Activating Bi p‐orbitals in Dispersed Clusters of Amorphous BiOx for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction
Authors: Kang Jianxin , Chen Xiangyu , Si Rutong , Gao Xiang , Zhang Shuo , Teobaldi Gilberto , Selloni Annabella , Liu Li‐Min , Guo Lin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCatalytic strategies based on main group metals are significantly less advanced than those of transition metal catalysis, leaving untapped areas of potentially fruitful research. We here demonstrate an effective approach for the modulation of Bi 6p energy levels during the construction of atomically dispersed clusters of amorphous BiOx. Bi oxidation state is proposed to strongly affects the nitrogen fixation activity, with the half‐occupied pz orbitals of the Bi2+ ions being highly efficient toward electron injection into the inert N2 molecule. With sufficient catalytic sites to adsorb and activate N2, the bonding between N2 and catalyst is able to be in situ identified. The catalyst shows an outstanding Faraday efficiency (≈30 %) and high yield (≈113 μg h−1 mg−1cat) in NH3 production, outperforming most of the existing catalysts in aqueous solution. These results lay the basis for developing the potential of p‐block elements for catalysis of multi‐electron reactions.
Post‐curing and structural relaxation of epoxy networks during early stages of aging for civil engineering applications
Authors: Oumnas Sanaa , Quelennec Blandine , Richaud Emmanuel , Duthoit Alexis , Delpouve Nicolas , Delbreilh Laurent 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, epoxy networks used for civil engineering constructions are aged at ambient temperature, and the impact of the early stages of aging on mechanical properties is analyzed. It is observed that Young's modulus and the yield stress increase with the aging time whereas the strain at break and the toughness decrease. The structural causes for these variations are investigated by swelling experiments, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis. By combining experimental results, it is deduced that the aging process occurs in two stages. During the first 7 days of aging, the change in mechanical properties should essentially be attributed to the postcuring, which results in additional crosslinking reactions. When increasing the aging time to 21 days, the crosslinking density reaches a plateau, but a second stage emerges, in which the mechanical properties continue evolving in the same way, with variations of the mechanical parameters being of comparable amplitude. This second stage is attributed to the evolution of the thermodynamic state of the glass, leading to a densification of the epoxy network through minimization of the free volume, and favoring the creation of physical interactions between polymer segments. Therefore, structural relaxation is shown to have a significant impact on the mechanical properties.
Stones in Motion: monuments and chiefly title histories in central Vanuatu
Authors: Ballard Chris 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the ways in which stones have anchored stories and people in central Vanuatu. Three different sets of stones, and stories about those stones, cast light from different angles on the history of the distinctive chiefly title system of this region. The first set revolves around the fulcrum of Wotanimanu, a pillar of stone that rises from the sea between Efate and the Shepherd Islands. This is the figure of a chief who arrived on Efate by sea, accompanied by his “stones” or people. Senior chiefly titles of this region, which draw on lengthy histories of migration, ground their narrative and genealogical claims in the proof of a second set of stones, including grave markers, magic stones, and arrangements of stones in series that stand for successive holders of each title. The third set of stones and stories was initiated by the first resident Presbyterian missionary in the Shepherd Islands, Oscar Michelsen, who acknowledged the importance attached locally to history by setting up a series of stelae to commemorate the conversion of individual chiefs. The paper concludes with thoughts on the agency and mobility of stone in the Shepherd Islands, and the ways in which stones give substance to chiefly power.
On the infrared coincidence: What is the jet contribution to the X‐ray power law in GX 339–4?
Authors: Russell David M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe hard X‐ray power law, prominent in the hard state in black hole X‐ray binaries, is generally due to thermal Comptonization in the corona. Optically thin synchrotron emission from compact jets is commonly seen at infrared wavelengths in the hard state. The extent of this spectrum to higher energies remains uncertain. Here, a multi‐wavelength study of GX 339–4 is presented. The infrared (IR) to X‐ray spectral index is measured and compared to the X‐ray spectral index fitted separately. On some dates in which the jet dominates the IR emission, the X‐ray power law and the IR to X‐ray power‐law spectral indices are both in the range (where ), that is, photon index, . This suggests they could be the same power law with the same origin, or that this is a coincidence. On other dates in the hard state, , ruling out a common origin. It is likely that Comptonization dominates on most dates, as expected. However, the X‐ray power law never appears to be fainter than the jet power law extrapolated from IR to X‐ray, implying that the jet contribution imposes a lower limit to the X‐ray flux. If confirmed, this would imply the cooling break in the synchrotron spectrum probably resides at X‐ray or higher energies. It is suggested that X‐ray spectral fitting should include an extra power law with a break (ideally fit to IR too).
Ornamental cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) responses to phytase enzyme purified from Lactobacillus coryniformis application
Authors: Dikbaş Neslihan , Parlakova Karagöz Fazilet , Uçar Sevda , Demir Yeliz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn order to increase the quality and yield of ornamental plants, especially potted ornamental plants, it is necessary to enrich the physical properties of the growing medium and to ensure the continuity of the growing medium. In order to achieve this, organic substances that create a serious cost in ornamental plant cultivation are added to the growing medium. This study was planned to assess the role of inoculation of different levels in the seeds and soaking times of purified phytase, on the plant growth and ornamental plant decorative values in ornamental cabbage plants under nutrient limiting condition in greenhouse. Different doses (E0: 0 EU, E1: 5 EU, E2: 10 EU), soaking times (W15: 15 min, W30: 30 min, W60: 60 min), and their combinations (W15 + E0, W15 + E1, W15 + E2, W30 + E0, W30 + E1, W30 + E2, W60 + E0, W60 + E1, W60 + E2) of phytase enzyme purified and isolated from the Lactobacillus coryniformis were applied to ornamental cabbage seeds, and they were sown in plug trays filled with appropriate growing medium. Seedlings were planted in plastic pots during their period when the seedlings had four to five true leaves. Treatments of phytase enzyme purified and isolated from the microorganism generally improved the observed parameters. The application of, especially, the highest level of phytase enzyme doses increased the plant height, main stem height, and stem diameter of ornamental cabbage as compared to control (E0 treatment: distilled water). While the highest number of leaves per plant was obtained at E1 and E2 application doses and W30 and W60 soaking times; the highest stem diameter was obtained at E2 application doses and W30 and W60 soaking times. The present study clarified that the purified phytase enzyme can increase ornamental cabbage quality at the appropriate concentration and soaking time and is a promising biotechnology material for agricultural applications, and especially in different ornamental plant species.
Bestimmung der Scherfestigkeit und Steifigkeit von Gel‐Sand‐Injektionsprobekörpern
Authors: Trunk Ulrich , Braun Julian , Rüdlin Christian , Pandrea Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInjektionen von Sanden und sandreichen Kiesen mit mineralischen Bindemitteln sind mit besonderen Herausforderungen verbunden, auch Feinstzemente können nur für spezielle Aufgaben verwendet werden. So erfahren die Injektionen mit Gelen – Acrylatgele und umweltverträgliche Gele auf Natriumsilikatbasis – mittlerweile eine erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit. An der Universität der Bundeswehr München (UniBW) wurde die Erhöhung der Scherfestigkeit von Sanden durch Injektionen mit Acrylatgel‐Sandproben durch Laborversuche untersucht. An mit einem Weichgel auf Natriumsilikatbasis (Neutrogel) injizierten Sandproben konnte in ersten Versuchsreihen an der Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz, FHNW, ebenfalls eine deutliche Erhöhung der Scherfestigkeit ermittelt werden. Dies war Anlass, umfangreichere Versuchsserien zur Bestimmung der Scherfestigkeit von Acrylatgel‐Sandproben – mit Acrylatgelen verschiedener Hersteller – und Neutrogel‐Sandproben durchzuführen. Ausgeführt wurden neben einaxialen Druckversuchen und direkten Scherversuchen vorwiegend Triaxialversuche. Mit den Versuchen stehen erstmals Vergleichswerte der Scherfestigkeiten und Steifigkeiten unterschiedlicher Gel‐Sand‐Mischungen zur Verfügung. Die durch die Gele induzierte Kohäsion führt zu bautechnisch signifikanten Erhöhungen der Scherfestigkeit der Gel‐Sandproben.
N2‐fixation can sustain wastewater treatment performance of photogranules under nitrogen‐limiting conditions
Authors: Trebuch Lukas M. , Schoofs Kobe , Vaessen Stijn M. F. , Neu Thomas R. , Janssen Marcel , Wijffels René H. , Vet Louise E. M. , Fernandes Tânia V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWastewater characteristics can vary significantly, and in some municipal wastewaters the N:P ratio is as low as 5 resulting in nitrogen‐limiting conditions. In this study, the microbial community, function, and morphology of photogranules under nitrogen‐replete (N+) and limiting (N−) conditions was assessed in sequencing batch reactors. Photogranules under N− condition were nitrogen deprived 2/3 of a batch cycle duration. Surprisingly, this nitrogen limitation had no adverse effect on biomass productivity. Moreover, phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand removal were similar to their removal under N+ conditions. Although performance was similar, the difference in granule morphology was obvious. While N+ photogranules were dense and structurally confined, N− photogranules showed loose structures with occasional voids. Microbial community analysis revealed high abundance of cyanobacteria capable of N2‐fixation. These were higher at N− (38%) than N+ (29%) treatments, showing that photogranules could adjust and maintain treatment performance and high biomass productivity by means of N2‐fixation.
Overexpression of the sulfate transporter‐encoding SULTR2 increases chromium accumulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Tang Yuxin , Zhang Baolong , Li Zhaoyang , Deng Ping , Deng Xuan , Long Huan , Wang Xun , Huang Kaiyao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHexavalent chromium [Cr(Ⅵ)] is a highly toxic contaminant in aquatic systems, and microalgae represent promising bioremediators of metal‐containing wastewater. However, the metal‐binding capacity of algal cells is limited. Therefore, we improved the cellular Cr(Ⅵ) biosorption capacity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by overexpressing the sulfate transporter gene SULTR2. SULTR2 was predominantly located in the cytoplasm of the cell, and few proteins mobilized to the cell membrane as a Cr transporter under Cr stress conditions. Intracellular Cr accumulation was almost doubled in SULTR2‐overexpressing transgenic strains after exposure to 30 μM K2Cr2O7 for 4 d. Alginate‐based immobilization increased the rate of Cr removal from 43.81% to 88.15% for SULTR2‐overexpressing transgenic strains after exposure to 10 μM K2Cr2O7 for 6 d. The immobilized cells also displayed a significant increase in nutrient removal efficiency compared to that of free‐swimming cells. Therefore, SULTR2 overexpression in algae has a great potential for the bioremediation of Cr(Ⅵ)‐containing wastewater.
Process intensification strategies toward cell culture‐based high‐yield production of a fusogenic oncolytic virus
Authors: Göbel Sven , Jaén Karim E. , Dorn Marie , Neumeyer Victoria , Jordan Ingo , Sandig Volker , Reichl Udo , Altomonte Jennifer , Genzel Yvonne 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present a proof‐of‐concept study for production of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)‐based fusogenic oncolytic virus (OV), rVSV‐Newcastle disease virus (NDV), at high cell densities (HCD). Based on comprehensive experiments in 1 L stirred tank reactors (STRs) in batch mode, first optimization studies at HCD were carried out in semi‐perfusion in small‐scale cultivations using shake flasks. Further, a perfusion process was established using an acoustic settler for cell retention. Growth, production yields, and process‐related impurities were evaluated for three candidate cell lines (AGE1.CR, BHK‐21, HEK293SF)infected at densities ranging from 15 to 30 × 106 cells/mL. The acoustic settler allowed continuous harvesting of rVSV‐NDV with high cell retention efficiencies (above 97%) and infectious virus titers (up to 2.4 × 109 TCID50/mL), more than 4–100 times higher than for optimized batch processes. No decrease in cell‐specific virus yield (CSVY) was observed at HCD, regardless of the cell substrate. Taking into account the accumulated number of virions both from the harvest and bioreactor, a 15–30 fold increased volumetric virus productivity for AGE1.CR and HEK293SF was obtained compared to batch processes performed at the same scale. In contrast to all previous findings, formation of syncytia was observed at HCD for the suspension cells BHK 21 and HEK293SF. Oncolytic potency was not affected compared to production in batch mode. Overall, our study describes promising options for the establishment of perfusion processes for efficient large‐scale manufacturing of fusogenic rVSV‐NDV at HCD for all three candidate cell lines.
Evaluation of the stability of polyamines in human serum at different storage temperatures using capillary electrophoresis with indirect ultraviolet detection
Authors: da Silva Ana Paula , Nishida Sônia , Calixto Leandro Augusto , da Silva Heron Dominguez Torres , Moraes Maria Lourdes Leite 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolyamines are low molecular weight compounds that are present in all living organisms. They are related to the pathological processes, and have been studied as biomarkers for tumor progression, being analyzed in patients’ biological fluids. However, polyamines can undergo degradation in serum samples, depending on storage conditions, which impairs their quantification in these matrices. In this work, capillary electrophoresis using indirect ultraviolet detection has been developed and applied to evaluate the stability of polyamines [cadaverine (Cad), putrescine (Put), spermine (Spm), and spermidine (Spd)] in human serum at different storage temperatures. By using this method, Cad, Put, Spm, and Spd were separated in less than 4 min. The range of the correlation coefficients was 0.993–0.998. The corresponding limits of detection and quantification were as follows (in mg L–1): Spm: 0.209 and 0.697; Spd: 0.165 and 0.549; Put: 0.189 and 0.632; Cad: 0.125 and 0.417. Besides, the coefficient of variation was lower than 1% for all analytes and the recovery was 92%–110%. The method was successfully applied for polyamines spiked in human serum samples from healthy people. The results showed that the degradation of polyamines was lower in samples stored in a freezer (−20°C).
Human plasma ricinine quantification by LC–HRMS after micro‐solid‐phase elution
Authors: Thiebot Pauline , Maaziz Nada , Oppon Chrystelle , Bertolo Laetitia , Magny Romain , Chevillard Lucie , Mégarbane Bruno , Houzé Pascal , Labat Laurence 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA rapid, sensitive and specific method for ricinine identification and quantification in plasma has been developed by LC–HRMS. Deuterated ricinine was used as the internal standard. From 100 μL of plasma, ricinine was extracted using micro‐solid‐phase elution, which allows a reduced extraction time, by eliminating the evaporation step. Eluate is directly injected into the LC–HRMS system. Chromatographic separation was performed using a reverse‐phase C18 column with a 4.5 min gradient elution. The method was validated according to European Medicines Agency guidelines. Linearity was verified between 0.25 and 500.0 ng/mL; the maximum precision calculated was 19.9% for the lower limit of quantitation and 9.6% for quality control, and accuracy was within ± 5.6% of the nominal concentrations. Selectivity, carryover, matrix effect and stability were also verified according to European Medicines Agency guidelines. The method allows the rapid and reliable identification of ricin‐exposed victims in case of terrorist attacks or poisonings: three intoxication cases are reported.