bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction and identification of spectrum characteristics of coal and rock hydraulic fracturing and uniaxial compression signals
Authors: Qian Ya′nan , Li Quangui , Hu Qianting , Jiang Zhizhong , Liu Ronghui , Li Jie , Li Wenxi , Yu Changjun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMicroseismic (MS) events generated during coal and rock hydraulic fracturing (HF) include wet events caused by fracturing fluid injection, in addition to dry events caused by stress perturbations. The mixture of these two events makes effective fracturing MS events pickup difficult. This study is based on physical experiments of different coal and rock HF and uniaxial compression. The differences of waveform characteristic parameters of various coal and rock ruptures were analyzed using the Hilbert–Huang transform, leading to some useful conclusions. The phase characteristics of the acoustic emission (AE) energy differed significantly and responded well to the pumping pressure curve. The AE waveforms of HF exhibit similar energy and frequency distribution characteristics after Empirical mode decomposition. The main frequency bands for coal, sandstone, and shale samples are 100–300 kHz, while the mudstone sample is in the range of 50–150 kHz. The decay ratios for coal, sandstone, shale and mudstone samples are 0.78, 0.83, 0.67 and 0.85, respectively. When compared to the uniaxial compression test, the main frequency bands of HF were reduced for coal, sandstone and mudstone samples, whereas shale remained essentially unchanged. The duration, instantaneous energy, and total energy of the HF waveform are smaller than those of uniaxial compression, while the decay ratio is greater, especially for the mudstone samples. The waveform characteristic parameters, trained using the multilayer perceptron neural network, can effectively identify HF and uniaxial compression events with an accuracy of 96%.
Evaluation of CMIP6 model skills in simulating tropical climate extremes over Malawi, Southern Africa
Authors: Mmame Bernard , Ngongondo Cosmo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMalawi, a developing country in southeast Africa, is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change and associated impacts. Availability of observed data to inform our knowledge on climate change is however, a key challenge and has led to relatively little research in the subject. Alternative climate data products, such as the Global Climate Models (GCMs) phase6 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), accords the chance to bridge this knowledge gap. These products however, need some validation against observed data to ascertain their level of performance. This study therefore, evaluates the ability of nineteen CMIP6 models in simulating both annual and seasonal temperature and precipitation over Malawi from 1980 to 2014. Observed Model performance metrics such as bias, root mean square error (RMSE), spatial correlation coefficient, standard deviation and Percentage Bias (PBIAS) were employed to assess the ability of the individual models. Our quantitative analysis shows that most of the models could simulate both temperature and precipitation over the study area, with correlation coefficient values of over 0.70, RMSE values between 0.9 and 2.0 and PBIAS of$$\le$$≤10%. The results are suggesting better performance of CMIP6 than those reported in previous studies over the study domain using CMIP3 and CMIP5 model datasets. Of all the nineteen models evaluated in this study, no single model performed best compared to observed dataset, because the models are varying in performance from season to season. Hence, climate end users are advised to use simulations of temperature and precipitation over the study area from CMIP6 models with care for decision making on the mitigation and adaptation of climate change.
Trends and frontiers in coal mine groundwater research: insights from bibliometric analysis
Authors: Xiang Yang , Peng Suping , Du Wenfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlobally, studying the impact of coal mining on groundwater remains challenging. This is because the exploitation of coal resources and the sustainable development of groundwater resources involve economic, social, and environmental aspects. Over the last few decades, the number of publications on groundwater-related studies in coal mining areas has increased. However, they are not currently reviewed in a widely visible manner through bibliometric analyses. This study investigated groundwater research in coal mining areas worldwide using scientometric analysis based on 1196 articles from the Web of Science database to provide a global perspective and gain quantitative insight into research frontiers and trends in the field by mapping existing knowledge. We analyzed the key contributors and development processes of coal mine groundwater research and identified four research frontiers based on scientometric mapping results with an understanding of the research field: numerical modeling, conceptual modeling and mechanisms, feedback mechanisms between anthropogenic-environmental systems and groundwater systems, ground subsidence management, groundwater quality evaluation and risk assessment, and groundwater resource management in coal mines. Finally, we summarize the current challenges and propose methods to promote the green mining of coal resources and the sustainable development and management of groundwater resources.
The regulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in sleep–wake states
Authors: Luo Yiting , Li Ying , Yuan Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) plays a vital role in sleep/wake states. There are three main kinds of heterogeneous neurons involved: cholinergic, glutamatergic, and gamma-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) neurons. However, the precise roles of cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic PPTg cell groups in regulating sleep–wake are unknown. Recent work suggests that the cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic neurons of the PPTg may activate the main arousal-promoting nucleus, thus exerting their wakefulness effects. We review the related projection pathways and functions of various neurons of the PPTg, especially the mechanisms of the PPTg in sleep–wake, thus providing new perspectives for research of sleep–wake mechanisms.
Current Status of Psychopharmacological, Neuromodulation, and Oxytocin Treatments for Autism: Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: Bitsika Vicki , Sharpley Christopher F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To provide an overview of the current literature regarding the neurobiological treatments of psychopharmacology, neuromodulation, oxytocin therapy, and psychological resilience, as treatments for autism-related difficulties, and to distil the research findings from those treatments for everyday clinical application.

Methods
Instead of producing another specific systematic summary of the efficacy of these treatments, this review took an overview of each field of research, identified its key research findings, and evaluated the treatment-ready status of each of them in terms of their evidence base. From this information, a set of recommendations were derived for their clinical applications, so as to inform practice in the field.

Results
These treatments represent relatively recent and neurobiologically based approaches to the challenges of autism, and are in the development stage. Each treatment is promising, and has some evidential basis for its success, but all need further research to establish their evidence-based validity for everyday clinical usage.

Conclusions
While most of these treatments can be applied with caution, clinicians should acknowledge their restrictive benefits and costs, that are described herein. Within those caveats, each of these treatments should be considered as an emerging therapy that clinicians should consider utilising in appropriate settings and with specific cases.
nlfem: a Flexible 2d FEM Python Code for Nonlocal Convection-Diffusion and Mechanics
Authors: Klar Manuel , Vollmann Christian , Schulz Volker 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, we present the mathematical foundation of an assembly code for finite element approximations of nonlocal models with compactly supported, weakly singular kernels. We demonstrate the code on a nonlocal diffusion model in various configurations and on a two-dimensional bond-based peridynamics model. Further examples can be found in D’Elia et al. (Math Models Methods Appl Sci 31(08):1505–1567, 2021). The code nlfem is published under the GNU General Public License (for details, see, e.g., https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.de.html) and can be freely downloaded at https://gitlab.uni-trier.de/pde-opt/nonlocal-models/nlfem.
Functional determinant approach investigations of heavy impurity physics
Authors: Wang Jia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this brief review, we report some new development in the functional determinant approach (FDA), an exact numerical method, in the studies of a heavy quantum impurity immersed in Fermi gases and manipulated with radio-frequency pulses. FDA has been successfully applied to investigate the universal dynamical responses of a heavy impurity in an ultracold ideal Fermi gas in both the time and frequency domain, which allows the exploration of the renowned Anderson’s orthogonality catastrophe (OC). In such a system, OC is induced by the multiple particle-hole excitations of the Fermi sea, which is beyond a simple perturbation picture and manifests itself as the absence of quasiparticles named polarons. More recently, two new directions for studying heavy impurity with FDA have been developed. One is to extend FDA to a strongly correlated background superfluid background, a Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid. In this system, Anderson’s orthogonality catastrophe is prohibited due to the suppression of multiple particle-hole excitations by the superfluid gap, which leads to the existence of genuine polaron. The other direction is to generalize the FDA to the case of multiple RF pulses scheme, which extends the well-established 1D Ramsey spectroscopy in ultracold atoms into multidimensional, in the same spirit as the well-known multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and optical multidimensional coherent spectroscopy. Multidimensional Ramsey spectroscopy allows us to investigate correlations between spectral peaks of an impurity-medium system that is not accessible in the conventional one-dimensional spectrum.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: COVID-19 Forecast and Bank Credit Decision Model Based on BiLSTM-Attention Network
Authors: Zhang Beiqin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused drastic fluctuations in the economies of various countries. Meanwhile, the governments’ ability to save the economy depends on how banks provide credit to troubled companies. Therefore, the impact of the epidemic on bank credit and inclusive finance are worth exploring. However, most of the existing studies focus on the reform of the financial and economic system, only paying attention to the theoretical mechanism analysis and effect adjustment, scant data support, and insufficient scheme landing. At the same time, with the rise and rapid development of artificial intelligence technology in recent years, all walks of life have introduced it into real scenes for multi-source heterogeneous big data analysis and decision-making assistance. Therefore, we first take the Chinese mainland as an example in this paper. By studying the impact of the epidemic on bank credit preference and the mechanism of inclusive finance, we can provide objective decision-making basis for the financial system in the post-epidemic era to better flow credit funds into various entities and form a new perspective for related research. Then, we put forward a model based on Bi-directional Long Short-term Memory Network (BiLSTM) and Attention Mechanism to predict the number of newly diagnosed cases during the COVID-19 pandemic every day. It is not only suitable for COVID-19 pandemic data characterized by time series and nonlinearity, but also can adaptively select the most relevant input data by introducing an Attention Mechanism, which can solve the problems of huge calculation and inaccurate prediction results. Finally, through experiments and empirical research, we draw the following conclusions: (1) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will promote enterprises to increase credit. (2) Banks provide more credit to large enterprises. (3) The epidemic has different impacts on credit in different regions, with the most significant one on central China. (4) Banks tend to provide more credit to manufacturing industries under the epidemic. (5) Digital inclusive finance plays a (positive) regulating effect on bank credit in COVID-19 pandemic. Inspired by the research results, policymakers can consider further solving the information asymmetry and strengthening the construction of a credit system, and more direct financial support policies for enterprises should be adopted. (6) By adopting the COVID-19 prediction model based on the BiLSTM-Attention network to accurately predict the epidemic situation in the COVID-19 pandemic, it can provide an important basis for the formulation of epidemic prevention and control policies.
Visual preferences in map label placement
Authors: Scheuerman Jaelle , Harman Jason L. , Goldstein Rebecca R. , Acklin Dina , Michael Chris J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDigital maps are important for many decision-making tasks that require situational awareness, navigation, or location-specific data. Often, digital mapping tools must generate a map that displays labels near associated features in a visually appealing manner, without occluding important information. Automated label placement systems generally accomplish this nontrivial task through a combination of heuristic algorithms and cartography rules, but the resulting maps often do not reflect the preferences and needs of the map user. To achieve higher quality map views, research is needed to identify cognitive and computational approaches for generating high-quality maps that meet user needs and expectations. In this paper, we present a study that explores the visual preferences of map users and supports the development of a preference model for digital map displays. In particular, we found that participants demonstrated consistent preferences for how labels are placed near their point of interest, and that they were more likely to choose positions that prioritized alignment over distance when ranking labels that made trade-offs between them.
Recovering the Dimensions of Dignity in Religious Freedom: Protecting Religious Proselytization in International Human Rights
Authors: Major Blair 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article addresses the challenge of conceptualizing the practice of religious proselytism in the context of international human rights law and its significance for the law of religious freedom. The author examines the evolving approach taken to religious proselytism within the landscape of human rights law, revealing that important aspects of religious freedom risk being lost given complex positive and negative views on proselytization. The author then explores the concept of human dignity and argues that there are relational and interactive dimensions associated with human dignity that are obscured in the international legal discourse of religious freedom. Recovering these dimensions of dignity will help address religious proselytization in international human rights law and reinvigorate the law of religious freedom.
Extremely powerful and frequency-tunable terahertz pulses from a table-top laser–plasma wiggler
Authors: Cai Jie , Shou Yinren , Geng Yixing , Han Liqi , Xu Xinlu , Wen Shuangchun , Shen Baifei , Yu Jinqing , Yan Xueqing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The production of broadband, terawatt terahertz (THz) pulses has been demonstrated by irradiating relativistic lasers on solid targets. However, the generation of extremely powerful, narrow-band and frequency-tunable THz pulses remains a challenge. Here, we present a novel approach for such THz pulses, in which a plasma wiggler is elaborated by a table-top laser and a near-critical density plasma. In such a wiggler, the laser-accelerated electrons emit THz radiations with a period closely related to the plasma thickness. The theoretical model and numerical simulations predict that a THz pulse with a laser–THz energy conversion of over 2.0%, an ultra-strong field exceeding 80 GV/m, a divergence angle of approximately 20° and a center frequency tunable from 4.4 to 1.5 THz can be generated from a laser of 430 mJ. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this method can work across a wide range of laser and plasma parameters, offering potential for future applications with extremely powerful THz pulses.
Beam shaping in the high-energy kW-class laser system Bivoj at the HiLASE facility
Authors: Paliesek Tomáš , Navrátil Petr , Pilař Jan , Divoký Martin , Smrž Martin , Mocek Tomáš 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A fully automatic fail-safe beam shaping system based on a liquid crystal on a silicon spatial light modulator has been implemented in the high-energy kilowatt-average-power nanosecond laser system Bivoj. The shaping system corrects for gain nonuniformity and wavefront aberrations of the front-end of the system. The beam intensity profile and the wavefront at the output of the front-end were successfully improved by shaping. The beam homogeneity defined by the beam quality parameters was improved two to three times. The root-mean-square value of the wavefront was improved more than 10 times. Consequently, the shaped beam from the second preamplifier led to improvement of the beam profile at the output of the first main cryo-amplifier. The shaping system is also capable of creating nonordinary beam shapes, imprinting cross-references into the beam, or masking certain parts of the beam.
Degrees of Care: Success, Recognition, and Completion
Authors: Bennett Pip Seton 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCare ethics has attracted much scholarly attention since its inception in the 1980s. As befits a moral theory, which is how it is frequently perceived, those working in the field have increasingly sought to clarify and make robust elements central to the project. This article hopes to offer a small but important contribution to this iterative process. I make a case for resisting what is characterized as the recognition claim found in the work of Joan Tronto, Nel Noddings, and Eva Feder Kittay. This is the claim that for an action to be caring it is necessarily recognized as such by whomever is being cared for. I explicate the arguments pertaining to this issue in these authors’ writings and conclude that not only do the arguments fall short of showing the necessity for including this aspect in an ethics of care, but I make preliminary arguments as to the implications for resisting the inclusion of the recognition claim. The thrust of these suggestions is that care ethics is a better moral theory when it admits to degrees of care rather than taking a binary view.
Cold executive function processes and their hot analogs in schizotypy
Authors: Karamaouna Penny , Zouraraki Chrysoula , Economou Elias , Kafetsios Konstantinos , Bitsios Panos , Giakoumaki Stella G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjective:To examine cold (based on logical reasoning) versus hot (having emotional components) executive function processes in groups with high individual schizotypal traits.Method:Two-hundred and forty-seven participants were administered the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire and were allocated into schizotypal (cognitive-perceptual, paranoid, negative, disorganized) or control groups according to pre-specified criteria. Participants were also administered a battery of tasks examining working memory, complex selective attention, response inhibition, decision-making and fluid intelligence and their affective counterparts. The outcome measures of each task were reduced to one composite variable thus formulating five cold and five hot cognitive domains. Between-group differences in the cognitive domains were examined with repeated measures analyses of covariance.Results:For working memory, the control and the cognitive-perceptual groups outperformed negative schizotypes, while for affective working memory controls outperformed the disorganized group. Controls also scored higher compared with the disorganized group in complex selective attention, while both the control and the cognitive-perceptual groups outperformed negative schizotypes in complex affective selective attention. Negative schizotypes also had striking difficulties in response inhibition, as they scored lower compared with all other groups. Despite the lack of differences in fluid intelligence, controls scored higher compared with all schizotypal groups (except from cognitive-perceptual schizotypes) in emotional intelligence; the latter group reported higher emotional intelligence compared with negative schizotypes.Conclusion:Results indicate that there is no categorical association between the different schizotypal dimensions with solely cold or hot executive function processes and support impoverished emotional intelligence as a core feature of schizotypy.
Both L1 and L2 proficiency impact ToM reasoning in children aged 4 to 6. Painting a more nuanced picture of the relation between bilingualism and ToM
Authors: Białecka Marta , Wodniecka Zofia , Muszyńska Karolina , Szpak Marta , Haman Ewa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious studies that contrasting bilinguals with monolinguals on Theory of Mind (ToM) have shown mixed results. We present a relatively large (N = 102) study comparing Polish–English sequential bilinguals living in the UK with Polish monolinguals living in Poland. Going beyond a simple group comparison, we explored the role of language proficiency and input in ToM abilities. A battery of eight tasks was used to measure ToM, and the groups were matched on age, gender, SES, IQ and L1 word comprehension. Although bilinguals did not differ from monolinguals in accuracy in ToM tasks, they demonstrated better reasoning abilities when providing justification for ToM responses. ToM accuracy scores were best predicted by L1 proficiency, but the justification scores were best predicted by both L1 and L2 proficiency. The findings suggest that the nuances of bilingual experience provide an important scaffolding context for ToM development.