bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface electromyography in the assessment of masticatory muscle activity in patients with pain-related temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Szyszka-Sommerfeld Liliana , Sycińska-Dziarnowska Magdalena , Spagnuolo Gianrico , Woźniak Krzysztof 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a set of painful conditions affecting the orofacial region that are prevalent and constitute the most frequent type of non-dental pain complaint in the maxillofacial area. Pain-related TMD (TMD-P) is characterized by ongoing pain in the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint, or surrounding structures. Due to the multiple factors that contribute to the development of this condition, it can be challenging to accurately diagnose. One of the useful method for assessing patients with TMD-P is surface electromyography (sEMG). The aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the current scientific literature on the evaluation of masticatory muscle activity (MMA) in individuals diagnosed with TMD-P, through the utilization of sEMG.MethodsTo gather relevant information, electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were searched using specific keywords including: “pain” AND (“temporomandibular disorder*” OR “temporomandibular dysfunction*”) AND “surface electromyography” AND “masticatory muscle activity.” The inclusion criteria were studies assessing MMA in patients with TMD-P using sEMG. The Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was utilized to evaluate the quality of the studies that were included in the review.ResultsThe search strategy identified 450 potential articles. Fourteen papers met the inclusion criteria. Global quality rating for significant part of the articles was weak. Most studies showed greater sEMG activity of the masseter (MM) and temporal anterior (TA) muscles at rest in TMD-P subjects than in the asymptomatic controls, while the MM and TA muscles were less active in the pain-related TMD group compared to the non-TMD group during maximal voluntary clenching (MVC).ConclusionThere were differences in MMA in the TMD-pain population compared to a healthy control group during various tasks. The diagnostic efficacy of surface electromyography in assessing individuals with TMD-P remains unclear.
The regulations on cortical activation and functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-primary somatosensory cortex elicited by acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation
Authors: Cao Jingya , Qu Yuzhu , Chen Li , Liu Tianyu , Guo Jing , Gong Yulai , Tian Zilei , Xiong Jing , Lin Zhenfang , Yang Xin , Yin Tao , Zeng Fang 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionTraditional acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation is essential for clinical effectiveness, whereas the underlying central mechanism of it remains unknown. This study with multiple-channels functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) aims to explore cerebral-response modes during acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulations.Materials and methodsFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy data were recorded from 35 healthy participants during the lifting-thrusting reinforcing manipulation, the lifting-thrusting reducing manipulation, and the even reinforcing-reducing manipulation with lifting-thrusting. The general linear model based (GLM) cortical activation analysis and the functional connectivity (FC) based on region of interest (ROI) analysis were combined to be conducted.ResultsIn comparison with the baseline, the results showed that three acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulations similarly induced the hemodynamic responses in the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and increased FC between the DLPFC and primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Specifically, the even reinforcing-reducing manipulation deactivated the bilateral DLPFC, the frontopolar area (FP), the right primary motor cortex (M1), the bilateral S1, and the bilateral secondary somatosensory cortex (S2); The reducing manipulation deactivated the bilateral DLPFC; The reinforcing manipulation activated the bilateral DLPFC, the left S1, and the right S2. The between-group comparisons indicated that the reinforcing-reducing manipulation induced opposite hemodynamic responses in the bilateral DLPFC and the left S1 and exhibited different FC patterns in the left DLPFC-S1, within the right DLPFC, and between the left S1 and the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).ConclusionThese findings verified the feasibility of fNIRS for investigating cerebral functional activities of acupuncture manipulations, suggesting that the regulations on the DLPFC-S1 cortex may be the potential central mechanism for the realization of acupuncture with reinforcing-reducing manipulation’s effect.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier, ChiCTR2100051893.
Association between serum cystatin C level and cognition in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Wang Shuli , Lin Xuechun , Zhou Jie , Li Meng , Song Dan 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionSerum Cystatin C level, an indication of kidney function, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive impairment. In this cross-sectional study, we looked into the relation between serum Cystatin C levels and cognition in a group of U.S. older adults.MethodThe data of this study were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2002. A total of 4,832 older adults aged ≥60 who met the inclusion criteria were included. The Dade Behring N Latex Cystatin C assay, which is a particle-enhanced nephelometric assay (PENIA), was utilized to assess Cystatin C levels in participants’ blood samples. Participants’ cognition was examined using the digit symbol substitution test (DSST). Z-scores of the DSST were calculated based on sample means and standard deviations (SD). To investigate the relationships between the quartiles of serum Cystatin C level and DSST z scores, multiple linear regression models were developed while controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 71.1 (SD 7.8). The participants were about half female (50.5%), non-Hispanic White (61.2%), and (36.1%) who had completed at least some college. They had an average serum Cystatin C level of 1.0 mg/dl (SD 0.44). After performing multiple linear regression with a reference group consisting of participants in quartile one of plasma Cystatin C levels, we found that serum Cystatin C levels in quartiles three and four were independently associated with lower DSST z scores (β = −0.059, 95% CI −0.200 to −0.074 and β = −0.108, 95% CI −0.319 to −0.184, respectively).ConclusionHigher serum Cystatin C level is associated with worse processing speed, sustained attention, and working memory in older adults. Cystatin C level may be a biomarker for cognitive decline in older adults.
FDXR drives primary and endocrine-resistant tumor cell growth in ER+ breast cancer via CPT1A-mediated fatty acid oxidation
Authors: Yan Chaojun , Gao Ronghui , Gao Chuan , Hong Kai , Cheng Meng , Liu Xiaojing , Zhang Qing , Zhang Jing 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe majority of breast cancers (BCs) expressing estrogen receptor (ER) have shown endocrine resistance. Our previous study demonstrated that ferredoxin reductase (FDXR) promoted mitochondrial function and ER+ breast tumorigenesis. But the underlying mechanism is not clear.MethodsLiquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based metabolite profiling was utilized to reveal the metabolites regulated by FDXR. RNA microarray was utilized to determine the potential downstream targets of FDXR. Seahorse XF24 analyzer was performed to analyze the FAO-mediated oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Q-PCR and western blotting assays were used to measure expression levels of FDXR and CPT1A. MTS, 2D colony formation and anchorage-independent growth assays were used to evaluate the effects of FDXR or drug treatments on tumor cell growth of primary or endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells.ResultsWe found that depletion of FDXR inhibited fatty acid oxidation (FAO) by suppressing CPT1A expression. Endocrine treatment increased the expression levels of both FDXR and CPT1A. Further, we showed that depletion of FDXR or FAO inhibitor etomoxir treatment reduced primary and endocrine-resistant breast cancer cell growth. Therapeutically, combining endocrine therapy with FAO inhibitor etomoxir synergistically inhibits primary and endocrine-resistant breast cancer cell growth.DiscussionWe reveal that the FDXR-CPT1A-FAO signaling axis is essential for primary and endocrine-resistant breast cancer cell growth, thus providing a potential combinatory therapy against endocrine resistance in ER+ breast cancer.
Preoperative computed tomography-based tumoral radiomic features prediction for overall survival in resectable non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Peng Bo , Wang Kaiyu , Xu Ran , Guo Congying , Lu Tong , Li Yongchao , Wang Yiqiao , Wang Chenghao , Chang Xiaoyan , Shen Zhiping , Shi Jiaxin , Xu Chengyu , Zhang Linyou 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether preoperative radiomics features could meliorate risk stratification for the overall survival (OS) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.MethodsAfter rigorous screening, the 208 NSCLC patients without any pre-operative adjuvant therapy were eventually enrolled. We segmented the 3D volume of interest (VOI) based on malignant lesion of computed tomography (CT) imaging and extracted 1542 radiomics features. Interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and LASSO Cox regression analysis were utilized to perform feature selection and radiomics model building. In the model evaluation phase, we carried out stratified analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, concordance index (C-index), and decision curve analysis (DCA). In addition, integrating the clinicopathological trait and radiomics score, we developed a nomogram to predict the OS at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years, respectively.ResultsSix radiomics features, including gradient_glcm_InverseVariance, logarithm_firstorder_Median, logarithm_firstorder_RobustMeanAbsoluteDeviation, square_gldm_LargeDependenceEmphasis, wavelet_HLL_firstorder_Kurtosis, and wavelet_LLL_firstorder_Maximum, were selected to construct the radiomics signature, whose areas under the curve (AUCs) for 3-year prediction reached 0.857 in the training set (n=146) and 0.871 in the testing set (n=62). The results of multivariate analysis revealed that the radiomics score, radiological sign, and N stage were independent prognostic factors in NSCLC. Moreover, compared with clinical factors and the separate radiomics model, the established nomogram exhibited a better performance in predicting 3-year OS.ConclusionsOur radiomics model may provide a promising non-invasive approach for preoperative risk stratification and personalized postoperative surveillance for resectable NSCLC patients.
Young patients show poor efficacy for immune checkpoint inhibitor combined therapy in metastatic gastrointestinal cancers
Authors: Wang Yingnan , Zhang Shasha , Zhang Fengbin , Wang Lei , Wu Chensi , Zhang Xiaoyun , Zhang Ruixing , Guo Zhanjun 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe impact of age on the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy remains controversial. The previous studies simply classified patients into younger and older groups, which might not reflect the real impact of young age on immunotherapy efficacy. The current study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combined therapy in young (aged 18–44 years), middle-aged (aged 45–65 years), and old (aged &gt;65 years) patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancers (GICs), and further determine the role of immunotherapy in young patients.MethodsPatients with metastatic GIC including esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), hepatocellular cancer (HCC), and biliary tract cancer (BTC) who received ICI combination therapy were enrolled, divided into young (aged 18–44 years), middle-aged (aged 45–65 years), and old (aged &gt;65 years) groups. The clinical characteristics, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were compared among three groups.ResultsA total of 254 patients were finally included, with 18, 139, and 97 cases in the young (aged 18–44 years), middle-aged (aged 45–65 years), and old (aged &gt;65 years) groups, respectively. Compared to middle-aged and old patients, young patients had lower DCR (all p &lt; 0.05) and also had inferior PFS (p &lt; 0.001) and OS (p = 0.017). The multivariate analyses showed that young age was an independent prognostic factor for PFS [hazard ratio (HR) 3.474, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.962–6.150, p &lt; 0.001] and OS (HR 2.740, 95% CI 1.348–5.570, p = 0.005). Subsequent safety analyses referring to irAEs demonstrated no significant differences for distribution frequency among each age group (all p &gt; 0.05), whereas patients with irAEs displayed better DCR (p = 0.035) and PFS (p = 0.037).ConclusionYounger GIC patients (aged 18–44 years) showed poor efficacy for ICI combined therapy, and irAEs could be used as a clinical biomarker to predict ICI efficacy in metastatic GIC patients.
High-speed modal analysis of dynamic modal coupling in fiber laser oscillator
Authors: Chai Junyu , Liu Wenguang , Wang Xiaolin , Zhou Qiong , Xie Kun , Wen Yujun , Zhang Jiangbin , Liu Pengfei , Zhang Hanwei , Zhang Dan , Jiang Zongfu , Zhao Guomin 
Published: May 2023

Up till now, the spatial and temporal dynamics of transverse mode instability (TMI) in fiber laser oscillator have increasingly attracted a worldwide attention. Here, we develop a high-speed modal decomposition (MD) system to analyze the modal coupling for fiber laser oscillator above the TMI threshold. A set of angular-multiplexing transmission functions (TFs) are designed for simultaneous MD and monitoring the far-field beam profile. The TMI threshold of the deployed fiber laser oscillator is 181 W at a co-pumping power (CPP) of 279 W. As the CPP increases from 318 W to 397 W, the power fluctuations of the output laser become more drastic. The changes of the far-field beam profile and the centroid of far-field spot (COFFS) indicate an increased velocity of energy transfer between modes. The high-speed MD verifies above process and analyzes the modal components, indicating that the single cycle of modal coupling decreases from 11 ms to 4 ms. Otherwise, the strong mode coupling occurs between modes with relatively large weights. The high-speed MD provides a powerful tool to research the TMI effect.
Dietary fat intakes, lipid profiles, adiposity, inflammation, and glucose in women and men in the Framingham Offspring Cohort
Authors: Yiannakou Ioanna , Yuan Mengjie , Zhou Xinyi , Singer Martha R. , Moore Lynn L. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The role of dietary fat in the evolution of cardiometabolic disorders is highly controversial. As both dietary intake and the development of cardiometabolic risk differ by sex, we evaluated sex-specific differences in the associations between dietary fats (saturated and unsaturated) and four key cardiometabolic risk factors—lipid profiles, body fat, inflammation, and glucose regulation.Methods: We included 2391 women and men aged ≥30 years in the prospective Framingham Offspring Cohort. Weight-adjusted dietary fats (saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fats, including omega-3 and omega-6) were derived from 3-day dietary records. Analysis of covariance was used to derive adjusted mean levels of all outcomes.Results: In both men and women, intakes of saturated and monounsaturated fats were inversely associated with TG:HDL ratio (p &lt; 0.02 for both types of fat). In women, higher omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs were also inversely associated with TG:HDL (p &lt; 0.05 for both), but for men, only omega-3 PUFAs were associated (p = 0.026). All types of dietary fat were beneficially associated with larger HDL particle sizes in both men and women, while only saturated and monounsaturated fats were associated with larger LDL particles in men. In addition, saturated and monounsaturated fats were associated with statistically significantly higher concentrations of HDL and lower concentrations of LDL and VLDL particles in both sexes, while polyunsaturated fat had favorable associations in women only. Saturated fat also had beneficial associations with three measures of body fat. For example, women with the highest (vs. lowest) saturated fat intake had a lower BMI (27.7 ± 0.25 vs. 26.2 ± 0.36 kg/m2, p = 0.001); findings were similar in men (28.2 ± 0.25 vs. 27.1 ± 0.20, p = 0.002). Unsaturated fats had beneficial associations with body fat primarily in women. Finally, omega-3 PUFAs among women were inversely associated with interleukin-6 levels. There was no association between dietary fat intake and fasting glucose levels in either women or men.Discussion: In sum, we found no evidence of an adverse association between dietary fats and several surrogate markers of cardiometabolic health. This study suggests that different dietary fats may have divergent associations with cardiometabolic risk in women and men, perhaps owing to differences in food sources of the same dietary fats.
Effects of fundamental movement skills on health-related quality of life in Chinese school-age children: the mediating role of physical fitness level
Authors: Xie Shuqing , Zhou Yulan , Yin Yanmin , Shao Rui , Fang Lei , Shao Weide 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe primary purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between school-age children’s fundamental movement skills (FMS), physical fitness levels, and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL); To explore the mediating role of physical fitness levels between school-age children’s FMS and HRQoL.MethodsIn the cross-sectional survey in 2021, 334 school-age children aged 6–10 (8.20 ± 1.16) were recruited from primary schools in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, China. Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2), National Standards for Students’ Physical Health, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM Version 4.0 (PedsQL™ 4.0) were used to investigate the FMS, physical fitness level, and HRQoL of school-age children. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the relationship among FMS, physical fitness levels, and HRQoL. Bootstrap is used to evaluate the mediating role of physical fitness levels in the relationship between FMS and HRQoL.ResultsThe higher the FMS and physical fitness, the higher the school-age children’s HRQoL, physical functioning, social functioning, and school functioning (r = 0.244–0.301, p &lt; 0.01). In addition, developing children’s FMS promotes physical fitness levels (r = 0.358, p &lt; 0.01). The regression analysis results of controlling gender, age, and body mass index z (BMI-z) scores showed that FMS significantly positively predicted the physical functioning (β = 0.319, p &lt; 0.01), social functioning (β = 0.425, p &lt; 0.01), and school functioning (β = 0.333, p &lt; 0.01) of school-age children. When the physical fitness level enters the regression equation, the absolute value of the regression coefficient of FMS decreases. However, it can still significantly predict the physical functioning (β = 0.211, p &lt; 0.01) and school functioning (β = 0.142, p &lt; 0.05) of school-age children. Simple intermediary analysis shows that physical fitness level plays an intermediary role between FMS, physical functioning (indirect effect = 0.089 [95% Confidence interval (CI) = 0.015,0.195]), and school functioning (indirect effect = 0.065 [95% CI = 0.007,0.150]).ConclusionThis study shows that physical fitness levels mediate the relationship between FMS and HRQoL. Encouraging the development of FMS and promoting physical fitness levels of school-age children can effectively improve the HRQoL of school-age children.
Air pollution and timing of childbirth: a retrospective survey analysis based on birth registration data of Chinese newborns
Authors: Lu Liqi , Zhao Shaoyang , Chen Yuxiao 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesCurrently, there is a lack of research on whether people will take action to avoid the harm of air pollution and the heterogeneous behavior of different groups. The goal of this paper is to examine the effects of air pollution on the resulting differential effects on newborns and the timing of pregnancy.MethodsBased on a survey of newborns in a total of 32 hospitals in 12 cities across China in 2011, and after matching with city-level air pollution data, a multiple regression statistical method is then used to examine how the pollution level in a certain period is related to the number of conceptions in that certain period, after controlling for region and season fixed effects.ResultsWe first demonstrate that exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is associated with a significant increase in adverse birth outcomes. Most importantly, the empirical results show that the number of conceptions decreased significantly during periods of severe air pollution.ConclusionEvidence suggests that air pollution may be causing some families to delay conception to reduce the possible adverse impact on neonatal outcomes. This helps us to understand the social cost of air pollution more, and then make more accurate environmental policies.
An analysis of socioeconomic factors on multiple chronic conditions and its economic burden: evidence from the National Health Service Survey in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Peng Puxian , Li Jing , Wang Liping , Ai Zhonghua , Tang Churou , Tang Songyuan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe economic burden of multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) and its socio-economic influencing factors have widely raised public concerns. However, there are few large population-based studies on these problems in China. Our study aims at determining the economic burden of MCCs and associated factors specific to multimorbidity among middle-aged and older individuals.MethodsAs our study population, we extracted all 11,304 participants over 35 years old from the 2018 National Health Service Survey (NHSS) in Yunnan. Economic burden and socio-demographic characteristics were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Chi-square test and generalized estimating equations (GEE) regression models were used to identify influencing factors.ResultsThe prevalence of chronic diseases was 35.93% in 11,304 participants and the prevalence of MCCs increased with age, was 10.12%. Residents who lived in rural areas were more likely to report MCCs than those who lived in urban areas (adjusted OR = 1.347, 97.5% CI: 1.116–1.626). Ethnic minority groups were less likely to report MCCs than those of Han (OR = 0.752, 97.5% CI: 0.601–0.942). Overweight or obese people were more likely to report MCCs than people with normal weight (OR = 1.317, 97.5% CI: 1.099–1.579). The per capita expenses of 2 weeks’ illness, per capita hospitalization expenses, annual household income, annual household expenses, and annual household medical expenses of MCCs were ¥292.90 (±1427.80), ¥4804.22 (±11851.63), ¥51064.77 (±52158.76), ¥41933.50 (±39940.02) and ¥11724.94 (±11642.74), respectively. The per capita expenses of 2 weeks’ illness, per capita hospitalization expenses, annual household income, annual household cost, and annual household medical expenses of hypertensive co-diabetic patients were more compared to those with other three comorbidity modes.ConclusionThe prevalence of MCCs was relatively high among middle-aged and older individuals in Yunnan, China, which bought a heavy economic burden. This encourages policy makers and health providers to pay more attention to the behavioral/lifestyle factors, that contribute to multimorbidity to a great extent. Furthermore, health promotion and education in terms of MCCs need to be prioritized in Yunnan.