bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcervical Epiglottopexy: A versatile technique for managing epiglottic prolapse
Authors: Kanotra Sohit Paul , Rand Dayton , Mulanax Catalina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveEpiglottic prolapse (EP) presents a unique management challenge. The objective of the present case series is to present clinical outcomes using a novel technique of transcervical epiglottopexy (TCE) in etiologically diverse cases of EP and to discuss the evolution of the surgical technique with technical modifications to optimize the surgical procedure.Study DesignA retrospective case series review.SettingTertiary care academic setting.MethodsPediatric cases with EP over a 3‐year period. Demographic data including age, sex, presenting symptoms, operative details, and polysomnographic indices were collected.ResultsA total of 18 patients with a mean age of 48.88 ± 37.3 months underwent TCE. Sixty‐seven percent of patients had high‐grade EP (grades 3 and 4). A previous endolaryngeal epiglottopexy had been performed in 5 (28%) patients. Fourteen (78%) patients had a concurrent airway procedure performed including 4 undergoing single‐stage laryngotracheal reconstruction. The mean suspension time only for the TCE part ranged from 8 to 17 minutes with a mean of 11.23 ± 3.4 minutes. A stable EP defined as a healed glossoepiglottic adhesion was achieved in all but 1 case with an overall success rate of 95%. All cases with previous failed endoscopic epiglottopexy had a stable epiglottopexy. No immediate complications were noticed. Among the late complications, the most common was the formation of granulation tissue at the site of silastic disc placement which was seen in 3 patients.ConclusionTCE using an exo‐endolaryngeal technique can achieve stable epiglottopexy in children with EP and can be adapted for any kind of EP.
Characterisation of damage by means of electrical measurements: Numerical predictions
Authors: Güzel Dilek , Kaiser Tobias , Lücker Lukas , Baak Nikolas , Walther Frank , Menzel Andreas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding damage mechanisms and quantifying damage is important in order to optimise structures and to increase their reliability. To achieve this goal, experimental‐ and simulation‐based techniques are to be combined. Different methods exist for the analysis of damage phenomena such as fracture mechanics, phase field models, cohesive zone formulations and continuum damage modelling. Assuming a typical ‐type damage formulation, the governing equations of continua that account for gradient‐enhanced ductile damage under mechanical and electrical loads are derived. The mechanical and electrical sub‐problems give rise to the local form of the balance equation of linear momentum, the micromorphic balance relation and the continuity equation for the electric charge, respectively. Experimental investigations indicate that changes in electrical conductivity arise due to the evolution of the underlying microstructure, for example, of cracks and dislocations. Therefore, motivated by deformation‐induced property changes, the effective electrical conductivity is assumed to be a function of the damage variable. This eventually allows the prediction of experimentally recorded changes in the electrical resistance due to mechanically‐induced damage processes. Interpreting the resistivity as a fingerprint of the material microstructure, the simulation approach proposed in the present work contributes to the development of non‐destructive electrical‐resistance‐based characterisation methods. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework, different representative simulations are studied.
Homogenization of plane ring mesh under static loading
Authors: Dries Fabian W. , Wallmersperger Thomas , Kessler Jörg 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlane ring meshes can be produced in large dimensions for various applications, for example, in architecture or protective systems. The numerical simulation of all individual rings of ring meshes is very costly, which is why methods to abstract the structure have been sought in the past. In this paper, a method for determining the strain parameters of a representative ring mesh section under in‐plane tensile loads is presented. Methods of rigid body analysis and representative volume elements with periodic boundary conditions are used. Green Lagrangian strain tensors are determined for both an exemplary representative ring mesh section under different tensile load cases and an experimental ring mesh under one load case. The comparison of the Green Lagrangian strain tensors of the ring meshes between numerical simulations and experiments shows a very good agreement.
Mass transport in an excavation using a ternary Theory of Porous Media model
Authors: Sunten Julia , Schwarz Alexander , Bluhm Joachim , Schröder Jörg 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper tries to simulate a hydraulic failure by using a ternary, saturated, quasi‐static Theory of Porous Media (TPM) model. The concept of a hydraulic failure is shortly explained and the derivation of the TPM setup including the limitation of the volume fractions is depicted. A schematic excavation with a sheet piling is used to test the created model and prove the general feasibility of the idea.
Determination of the effective conductivities of solid oxide fuel cell electrodes using the first‐order homogenization method
Authors: Langner Eric , Makradi Ahmed , Hachemi Mohamed El , Belouettar Salim , Wallmersperger Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractApproximately 80% of the world's primary energy supply consists of fossil fuels. In order to reduce the CO2 consumption in the world, fuel cells will be indispensable for the environmentally friendly generation of electrical energy. Many experimental and numerical studies show that the composition and the microstructure morphology of porous electrodes have a great influence on the durability and conversion efficiency of fuel cells. In order to establish a relationship between the specific microstructure of the electrodes and the performance of the overall fuel cell, the macroscopic physical quantities need to be determined. In this work, the first‐order computational homogenization method capable of capturing anisotropic effects is applied in order to estimate different types of homogenized conductivities. The effective conductivities can be used to conduct numerical simulations on the fuel cell level in order to obtain correlations between the microstructure characteristics (e.g., volume fraction of pores, morphology) and the performance.
The evaluation of waste engine oil/old newspaper in recycled low density polyethylene composites
Authors: Boran Torun Sevda , Peşman Emrah , Dönmez Çavdar Ayfer 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study investigates changes in the mechanical, thermal, morphological and physical properties of recycled low density polyethylene (LDPE) composites made with percentages (10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt.%) of old newspaper fiber (ONF) and waste engine oil (WEO) (1 wt.%). The composites were manufactured by a single screw extruder. Adding WEO up to 20 wt% of ONF had a positive effect on the flexural properties, while the incorporation of WEO up to 10 wt % of ONF showed an affirmative effect on the tensile properties of the composites. The highest flexural strength was achieved in A3 (13.19 MPa) and B3 (12.3 MPa) samples for ONF added composites and ONF/WEO composites, respectively. Adding to the WEO decreased the water absorption values of the recycled low density polyethylene composites. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the addition of 1% WEO, the crystallinity of the composites decreased to about 30%. In the light of the results, the WEO could be successfully used with old newspaper in a polyethylene matrix.Highlights
The highest tensile strength was achieved in the B3 sample (with WEO).
The highest flexural strength was achieved in the B3 sample (with WEO).
The highest tensile was obtained from the A3 sample (without WEO).
The highest flexural strength was obtained from the A3 sample (without WEO).
The crystallinity of the composites decreased to about 30%.
Effect of post‐curing temperature on the retention of mechanical strength of phthalonitrile thermosets and composites after a long‐term thermal oxidative aging
Authors: Lobanova Marina , Aleshkevich Vladislav , Babkin Alexander , Kepman Alexey , Avdeev Viktor , Morozov Oleg , Bulgakov Boris 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work concerns the thermal‐oxidative aging behavior of phthalonitrile thermosets and composites at 280–350°C. The easy‐to‐process resin containing bis(3‐[3,4‐dicyanophenoxy]phenyl)phenyl phosphate with APB as curing agent and the resin‐based composites post‐cured at 330°C, 350°C, and 375°C were studied. The phthalonitrile thermosets post‐cured at 330°C retained flexural strength of 77 MPa after 200 h of thermal aging at 280°C and 37 MPa (40%) after the same time at 300°C while the resins post‐cured at 350°C and 375°C lost over 80% of the flexural strength in these experiments. The same trend of faster oxidation of the samples post‐cured at higher temperatures was observed for the composites. For the first time, crosslinking reactions were observed during the aging, despite the aging temperatures being below the Tg of thermosets. Thus, the work shows a high long‐term thermal oxidative stability of the studied phthalonitrile resins at temperatures up to 300°C and fast destruction of the materials at 350°C despite the resin decomposition temperatures determined by dynamic TGA being over 500°C. The work has shown the negative effect of high‐temperature post‐curing on the operating properties of the phthalonitrile composites as constructive materials for long‐term application at elevated temperatures.Highlights
Oxidation of phthalonitrile thermoset occurs at temperatures over 300°C in air.
Increase in post‐curing temperature decreases thermal oxidation resistance.
Thermosets retained up to 77% of flexural strength after 200 h aging at 300°C.
Composites retained over 90% of ILSS after 200 h of aging at 300°C.
Study on quality analysis of different species of Coptidis rhizome based on fingerprint‐effect relationship
Authors: Tian Mengyin , Nie Lei , Yin Yaqing , Zhou Haonan , Meng Zhaoqing , Cao Guiyun , Zang Hengchang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe quality evaluation of Coptidis rhizome (CR) is attributed to the origin and processing method, and this strategy of ignoring the bioactive components usually leads to biased quality analysis, which is difficult to indicate the clinical efficacy.ObjectivesIn order to evaluate the quality level of different species of CR, we collected 20 batches of CR and investigated the fingerprint‐effect relationship.MethodsHigh‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of CR were established, and the fingerprint‐effect relationship was explored using cluster analysis, principal component analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, grey relation analysis, and partial least squares regression.ResultsWe have identified a total of 10 common peaks (1–10) with similarity scores above 0.96. The study on the relationship between spectra and potency further showed that the contents of peaks 8, 9, and 10 are potential key components. And based on a previous study, a method of one measurement and multiple evaluations of CR was established to achieve the goal of simplifying the analytical process and reducing costs.ConclusionThrough a combination of fingerprint analysis, antioxidant activity evaluation, fingerprint‐efficacy relationship analysis, and simultaneous quantification of multiple components, a CR quality control index and method have been selected and established, which can also provide a more comprehensive quality evaluation for traditional Chinese medicine.
Engineering antimicrobial supramolecular polymer assemblies
Authors: Song Jiankang , Schmitz Moniek G. J. , Riool Martijn , Guo Shuaiqi , Zaat Sebastian A. J. , Dankers Patricia Y. W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAntibacterial resistance against conventional antibiotics has emerged as a global health problem. To address this problem, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been recognized as alternatives due to their fast‐killing activity and less propensity to induce resistance. Here, the AMPs are engineered via a supramolecular fashion to control and increase their biological performance. The AMPs are modified with ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) to obtain UPy‐AMP monomers, followed by modular self‐assembling to realize antibacterial UPy‐AMP supramolecular polymers. These positively charged assemblies are illustrated as stable, short fibrous or rod‐like UPy‐AMP nanostructures with enhanced antibacterial activity and modulable cytotoxicity. Moreover, these antibacterial UPy‐AMP assemblies can be internalized by both THP‐1 derived macrophages and human kidney cells, which would be an effective potential therapy to deliver the AMPs into mammalian cells to address intracellular infections. Overall, the results present here demonstrate that supramolecular engineering of AMPs provides a powerful tool to enhance the antibacterial activity, modulate cytotoxicity and accelerate the clinical application of AMPs.
RNA tertiary structure prediction in CASP15 by the GeneSilico group: Folding simulations based on statistical potentials and spatial restraints
Authors: Baulin Eugene F. , Mukherjee Sunandan , Moafinejad S. Naeim , Wirecki Tomasz K. , Badepally Nagendar Goud , Jaryani Farhang , Stefaniak Filip , Amiri Farsani Masoud , Ray Angana , Rocha de Moura Tales , Bujnicki Janusz M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRibonucleic acid (RNA) molecules serve as master regulators of cells by encoding their biological function in the ribonucleotide sequence, particularly their ability to interact with other molecules. To understand how RNA molecules perform their biological tasks and to design new sequences with specific functions, it is of great benefit to be able to computationally predict how RNA folds and interacts in the cellular environment. Our workflow for computational modeling of the 3D structures of RNA and its interactions with other molecules uses a set of methods developed in our laboratory, including MeSSPredRNA for predicting canonical and non‐canonical base pairs, PARNASSUS for detecting remote homology based on comparisons of sequences and secondary structures, ModeRNA for comparative modeling, the SimRNA family of programs for modeling RNA 3D structure and its complexes with other molecules, and QRNAS for model refinement. In this study, we present the results of testing this workflow in predicting RNA 3D structures in the CASP15 experiment. The overall high score of the computational models predicted by our group demonstrates the robustness of our workflow and its individual components in terms of predicting RNA 3D structures of acceptable quality that are close to the target structures. However, the variance in prediction quality is still quite high, and the results are still too far from the level of protein 3D structure predictions. This exercise led us to consider several improvements, especially to better predict and enforce stacking interactions and non‐canonical base pairs.
Recent advances in pyroptosis, liver disease, and traditional Chinese medicine: A review
Authors: He Wenxing , Xu Canli , Mao Dewen , Zheng Yang , Wang Na , Wang Minggang , Mao Nan , Wang Ting , Li Yanjie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the incidence of liver disease has increased, becoming a major cause of death. Various liver diseases are intricately linked to pyroptosis, which is one of the most common forms of programmed cell death. As a powerful weapon in the fight against liver diseases, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can affect pyroptosis via a number of routes, including the classical, nucleotide oligomerization domain‐like receptors protein 3/caspase‐1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) pathway, the nonclassical lipopolysaccharide/caspase‐11/GSDMD pathway, the ROS/caspase‐3/gasdermin E pathway, the caspase‐9/caspase‐3/GSDMD pathway, and the Apaf‐1/caspase‐11/caspase‐3 pathway. In this review, we provide an overview of pyroptosis, the interplay between pyroptosis and liver diseases, and the mechanisms through which TCM regulates pyroptosis in liver diseases. The information used in the text was collected and compiled from the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang Data up to June 2023. The search was not limited with regard to the language and country of the articles. Research and review articles were included, and papers with duplicate results or unrelated content were excluded. We examined the current understanding of the relationship between pyroptosis and liver diseases as well as the advances in TCM interventions to provide a resource for the identification of potential targets for TCM in the treatment of liver diseases.
Epigallocatechin gallate circumvents drug‐induced resistance in non‐small‐cell lung cancer by modulating glucose metabolism and AMPK/AKT/MAPK axis
Authors: Zhou Yan , Huang Shiqi , Guo Yizhen , Ran Maoxin , Shan Wenying , Chen Wen‐Hua , Tam Kin Yip 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUpon prolonged use of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), acquired drug resistance inevitably occurs. This study investigates the combined use of EGFR‐TKIs (gefitinib or osimertinib) with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to overcome acquired drug resistance in NSCLC models. The in vitro antiproliferative effects of EGFR‐TKIs and EGCG combination in EGFR‐mutant parental and resistant cell lines were evaluated. The in vivo efficacy of the combination was assessed in xenograft mouse models derived from EGFR‐TKI‐resistant NSCLC cells. We found that the combined use of EGFR‐TKIs and EGCG significantly reversed the Warburg effect by suppressing glycolysis while boosting mitochondrial respiration, which was accompanied by increased cellular ROS and decreased lactate secretion. The combination effectively activated the AMPK pathway while inhibited both ERK/MAPK and AKT/mTOR pathways, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, particularly in drug‐resistant NSCLC cells. The in vivo results obtained from mouse tumor xenograft model confirmed that EGCG effectively overcame osimertinib resistance. This study revealed that EGCG suppressed cancer bypass survival signaling and altered cancer metabolic profiles, which is a promising anticancer adjuvant of EGFR‐TKIs to overcome acquired drug resistance in NSCLC.
Predicting the multiple parameters of organic acceptors through machine learning using RDkit descriptors: An easy and fast pipeline
Authors: Katubi Khadijah Mohammedsaleh , Saqib Muhammad , Mubashir Tayyaba , Tahir Mudassir Hussain , Halawa Mohamed Ibrahim , Akbar Alveena , Basha Beriham , Sulaman Muhammad , Alrowaili Z. A. , Al‐Buriahi M. S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMachine learning (ML) analysis has gained huge importance among researchers for predicting multiple parameters and designing efficient donor and acceptor materials without experimentation. Data are collected from literature and subsequently used for predicting impactful properties of organic solar cells such as power conversion efficiency (PCE) and energy levels (HOMO/LUMO). Importantly, out of various tested models, hist gradient boosting (HGB) and the light gradient boosting (LGBM) regression models revealed better predictive capabilities. To achieve the prediction effectively, the selected (best) ML regression models are further tuned. For the prediction of PCE (test set), the LGBM shows the coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.787, which is higher than HGB (R2 = 0.680). For the prediction of HOMO (test set), the LGBM shows R2 value of 0.566, which is higher than HGB (R2 = 0.563). However, for the prediction of LUMO (test set), the LGBM shows R2 value of 0.605, which is lower than HGB (R2 = 0.606). Among the three predicted properties, prediction ability is higher for PCE. These models help to predict the efficient acceptors in a short time and less computational cost.
Enhanced Opto‐Electrical Properties of Chalcogenide‐Rich Tin Selenide Thin Film after Incorporating Sulfur Yielding Tin Sulfoselenide
Authors: Sarkar Prosenjit , Nisha  , Kumar Pawan , Katiyar Ram S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlloy engineering are efficient methods to improve the physical properties of two‐dimensional (2D) material‐based photovoltaic application. Tin chalcogenide belonging to layered structured semiconducting family has been a significant compound due to its outstanding characteristics. Tin selenide (SnSe) is known as promising layered compound to develop 2D materials for optoelectronic devices. The current study focused onto the effect of tin sulfoselenide (SnSSe) alloy engineering on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics. X‐ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed that SnSSe and SnSe are exist in the orthorhombic crystal structure phase without other secondary phases, with the preferred high‐intensity peak along (111) oriented plane. Raman spectra was reported to give information about the vibrational characteristics of the compounds. The presence of Sulfur ion in SnSSe was further confirmed by Energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) and X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Bandgap energy (Eg) has been analysed by Tauc's plot and the derivative of transmittance spectra. According to both sets of analyses, the bandgap of the SnSSe thin film is considerably smaller than that of the SnSe thin film. Hall measurements indicated that SnSSe exhibits the higher hole mobility. The present work‘s results offer useful insight into the prospective device applications of two‐dimensional alloy materials.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activity of New Analogues of 4‐Substituted 1,2,4‐Benzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxide
Authors: Chhabra Sumit , Shah Kamal 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA new series of 4‐benzyl analogues of 1,2,4‐benzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxide was synthesized. All these compounds were subsequently tested for in vitro anti‐cancer activity against cancer cell lines selected by National Cancer Institute using one dose (10−5 M), following their standard screening procedure. The new compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, LCMS, and IR techniques. All the synthesized compounds showed sensitivity against tested cancer cell lines. Notably, the compound having 3‐fluoro‐4‐methoxybenzyl group on 1,2,4‐benzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxide ring exhibited the most promising cytotoxicity effect. It displayed a growth percentage oscillating between −32.82 % and 93.85 % on Melanoma and Breast cancer cell lines, respectively. Additionally, this compound demonstrated a significant antiproliferative effect on Leukaemia and CNS cancer cell lines. The most affected cell lines were MDA‐MB‐468 (Breast Cancer, lethality is 32.82 %) and MDA‐MB‐435 (Melanoma, −15.62 %). Other compounds in the series also demonstrated considerable antiproliferative effects on Breast cancer cell line.