bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of machine learning models for predicting urinary incontinence in men with localized prostate cancer
Authors: Hasannejadasl Hajar , Osong Biche , Bermejo Inigo , van der Poel Henk , Vanneste Ben , van Roermund Joep , Aben Katja , Zhang Zhen , Kiemeney Lambertus , Van Oort Inge , Verwey Renee , Hochstenbach Laura , Bloemen Esther , Dekker Andre , Fijten Rianne R. R. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionUrinary incontinence (UI) is a common side effect of prostate cancer treatment, but in clinical practice, it is difficult to predict. Machine learning (ML) models have shown promising results in predicting outcomes, yet the lack of transparency in complex models known as “black-box” has made clinicians wary of relying on them in sensitive decisions. Therefore, finding a balance between accuracy and explainability is crucial for the implementation of ML models. The aim of this study was to employ three different ML classifiers to predict the probability of experiencing UI in men with localized prostate cancer 1-year and 2-year after treatment and compare their accuracy and explainability. MethodsWe used the ProZIB dataset from the Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (Integraal Kankercentrum Nederland; IKNL) which contained clinical, demographic, and PROM data of 964 patients from 65 Dutch hospitals. Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms were applied to predict (in)continence after prostate cancer treatment. ResultsAll models have been externally validated according to the TRIPOD Type 3 guidelines and their performance was assessed by accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. While all three models demonstrated similar performance, LR showed slightly better accuracy than RF and SVM in predicting the risk of UI one year after prostate cancer treatment, achieving an accuracy of 0.75, a sensitivity of 0.82, and an AUC of 0.79. All models for the 2-year outcome performed poorly in the validation set, with an accuracy of 0.6 for LR, 0.65 for RF, and 0.54 for SVM. ConclusionThe outcomes of our study demonstrate the promise of using non-black box models, such as LR, to assist clinicians in recognizing high-risk patients and making informed treatment choices. The coefficients of the LR model show the importance of each feature in predicting results, and the generated nomogram provides an accessible illustration of how each feature impacts the predicted outcome. Additionally, the model’s simplicity and interpretability make it a more appropriate option in scenarios where comprehending the model’s predictions is essential.
miR-1246 in tumor extracellular vesicles promotes metastasis via increased tumor cell adhesion and endothelial cell barrier destruction
Authors: Morimoto Masahiro , Maishi Nako , Tsumita Takuya , Alam Mohammad Towfik , Kikuchi Hiroshi , Hida Yasuhiro , Yoshioka Yusuke , Ochiya Takahiro , Annan Dorcas A. , Takeda Ryo , Kitagawa Yoshimasa , Hida Kyoko 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundTumor blood vessels play a key role in tumor metastasis. We have previously reported that tumor endothelial cells (TECs) exhibit abnormalities compared to normal endothelial cells. However, it is unclear how TECs acquire these abnormalities. Tumor cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) to create a suitable environment for themselves. We have previously identified miR-1246 to be more abundant in high metastatic melanoma EVs than in low metastatic melanoma EVs. In the current study, we focused on miR-1246 as primarily responsible for acquiring abnormalities in TECs and examined whether the alteration of endothelial cell (EC) character by miR-1246 promotes cancer metastasis.MethodsWe analyzed the effect of miR-1246 in metastatic melanoma, A375SM-EVs, in vivo metastasis. The role of tumor EV-miR-1246 in the adhesion between ECs and tumor cells and the EC barrier was addressed. Changes in the expression of adhesion molecule and endothelial permeability were examined.ResultsIntravenous administration of A375SM-EVs induced tumor cell colonization in the lung resulting in lung metastasis. In contrast, miR-1246 knockdown in A375SM decreased lung metastasis in vivo. miR-1246 transfection in ECs increased the expression of adhesion molecule ICAM-1 via activation of STAT3, followed by increased tumor cell adhesion to ECs. Furthermore, the expression of VE-Cadherin was downregulated in miR-1246 overexpressed EC. A375SM-EV treatment enhanced endothelial permeability. VE-Cadherin was validated as the potential target gene of miR-1246 via the target gene prediction database and 3′ UTR assay.ConclusionmiR-1246 in high metastatic tumor EVs promotes lung metastasis by inducing the adhesion of tumor cells to ECs and destroying the EC barrier.
Multi-model genome-wide association studies of leaf anatomical traits and vein architecture in rice
Authors: Narawatthana Supatthra , Phansenee Yotwarit , Thammasamisorn Bang-On , Vejchasarn Phanchita 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe anatomy of rice leaves is closely related to photosynthesis and grain yield. Therefore, exploring insight into the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and alleles related to rice flag leaf anatomical and vein traits is vital for rice improvement.MethodsHere, we aimed to explore the genetic architecture of eight flag leaf traits using one single-locus model; mixed-linear model (MLM), and two multi-locus models; fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) and Bayesian information and linkage disequilibrium iteratively nested keyway (BLINK). We performed multi-model GWAS using 329 rice accessions of RDP1 with 700K single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers.ResultsThe phenotypic correlation results indicated that rice flag leaf thickness was strongly correlated with leaf mesophyll cells layer (ML) and thickness of both major and minor veins. All three models were able to identify several significant loci associated with the traits. MLM identified three non-synonymous SNPs near NARROW LEAF 1 (NAL1) in association with ML and the distance between minor veins (IVD) traits.DiscussionSeveral numbers of significant SNPs associated with known gene function in leaf development and yield traits were detected by multi-model GWAS performed in this study. Our findings indicate that flag leaf traits could be improved via molecular breeding and can be one of the targets in high-yield rice development.
Comparative transcriptome analysis provides novel insights into molecular response of salt-tolerant and sensitive polyembryonic mango genotypes to salinity stress at seedling stage
Authors: Perveen Nusrat , Dinesh M. R. , Sankaran M. , Ravishankar K. V. , Krishnajee Hara Gopal , Hanur Vageeshbabu S. , Alamri Saud , Kesawat Mahipal Singh , Irfan Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionIncreased soil salinity in the recent years has adversely affected the productivity of mango globally. Extending the cultivation of mango in salt affected regions warrants the use of salinity tolerant/resistant rootstocks. However, the lack of sufficient genomic and transcriptomic information impedes comprehensive research at the molecular level. MethodWe employed RNA sequencing-based transcriptome analysis to gain insight into molecular response to salt stress by using two polyembryonic mango genotypes with contrasting response to salt stress viz., salt tolerant Turpentine and salt susceptible Mylepelian.ResultsRNA sequencing by Novaseq6000 resulted in a total of 2795088, 17535948, 7813704 and 5544894 clean reads in Mylepelian treated (MT), Mylepelian control (MC), Turpentine treated (TT) and Turpentine control (TC) respectively. In total, 7169 unigenes annotated against all the five public databases, including NR, NT, PFAM, KOG, Swissport, KEGG and GO. Further, maximum number of differentially expressed genes were found between MT and MC (2106) followed by MT vs TT (1158) and TT and TC (587). The differentially expressed genes under different treatment levels included transcription factors (bZIP, NAC, bHLH), genes involved in Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), ABA biosynthesis, Photosynthesis etc. Expression of few of these genes was experimentally validated through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and contrasting expression pattern of Auxin Response Factor 2 (ARF2), Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) and CDPK genes were observed between Turpentine and Mylepelian.DiscussionThe results of this study will be useful in understanding the molecular mechanism underlying salt tolerance in mango which can serve as valuable baseline information to generate new targets in mango breeding for salt tolerance.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of TCP family genes in Catharanthus roseus
Authors: Hao Juan , Zheng Lijun , Han Yidie , Zhang Hongshan , Hou Kailin , Liang Xueshuang , Chen Cheng , Wang Zhijing , Qian Jiayi , Lin Zhihao , Wang Zitong , Zeng Houqing , Shen Chenjia 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe anti-tumor vindoline and catharanthine alkaloids are naturally existed in Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus), an ornamental plant in many tropical countries. Plant-specific TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) transcription factors play important roles in various plant developmental processes. However, the roles of C. roseus TCPs (CrTCPs) in terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA) biosynthesis are largely unknown.MethodsHere, a total of 15 CrTCP genes were identified in the newly updated C. roseus genome and were grouped into three major classes (P-type, C-type and CYC/TB1).ResultsGene structure and protein motif analyses showed that CrTCPs have diverse intron-exon patterns and protein motif distributions. A number of stress responsive cis-elements were identified in promoter regions of CrTCPs. Expression analysis showed that three CrTCP genes (CrTCP2, CrTCP4, and CrTCP7) were expressed specifically in leaves and four CrTCP genes (CrTCP13, CrTCP8, CrTCP6, and CrTCP10) were expressed specifically in flowers. HPLC analysis showed that the contents of three classic TIAs, vindoline, catharanthine and ajmalicine, were significantly increased by ultraviolet-B (UV-B) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in leaves. By analyzing the expression patterns under UV-B radiation and MeJA application with qRT-PCR, a number of CrTCP and TIA biosynthesis-related genes were identified to be responsive to UV-B and MeJA treatments. Interestingly, two TCP binding elements (GGNCCCAC and GTGGNCCC) were identified in several TIA biosynthesis-related genes, suggesting that they were potential target genes of CrTCPs. DiscussionThese results suggest that CrTCPs are involved in the regulation of the biosynthesis of TIAs, and provide a basis for further functional identification of CrTCPs.
Exploring oral health indicators, oral health-related quality of life and nutritional aspects in 23 medicated patients from a short-term psychiatric ward
Authors: Frigaard Julie , Hynne Håvard , Randsborg Karoline , Mellin-Olsen Tonje , Young Alix , Rykke Morten , Singh Preet Bano , Hove Lene Hystad , Hofgaard Anne Kristine , Jensen Janicke Liaaen 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundPatients suffering from psychiatric disorders face many difficulties due to their condition, medications and lifestyle. Oral health and nutrition may be affected, further complicating their lives. Our aim was to provide in-depth information on oral health and nutritional factors in a small group of patients in short-term psychiatric ward.MethodsTwenty-three patients (mean age 36, average medications five) were recruited during short-term hospitalization in a psychiatric ward. Inclusion criteria: anxiety, psychosis and/or depression, and use of at least one antidepressant or anxiolytic/antipsychotic drug with xerostomia as a known side effect. Subjective oral dryness was evaluated using the Shortened Xerostomia Inventory (SXI). Oral examination included Clinical Oral Dryness Score (CODS), secretion of unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS), and evaluation of dental, gingival, and periodontal status. Self-reported complaints of oral disorders were recorded. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) was used to explore oral health-related quality of life. Nutritional status was assessed using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form (PG-SGA-SF), and diet quality was assessed using the Mediterranean diet score (KIDMED).ResultsCompared to healthy controls, the patients had significantly higher SXI scores and CODS, and SWS secretion was lower. Complaints of dysgeusia and halitosis were significantly more frequent among patients. Gingivitis was more common in patients. OHIP-14 scores were much higher in the patients, and they reported significantly poorer oral and general health. Most patients lacked a regular meal pattern. Very low diet quality was observed in five patients, while improvements were needed in twelve. “Dry mouth” and “No appetite, just did not feel like eating” were the most common symptoms preventing patients from eating enough. The PG-SGA-SF symptoms component score showed a strong negative correlation with self-reported oral health, and a strong positive correlation with OHIP-14.ConclusionThis relatively small group of patients in short-term psychiatric ward had both reduced oral health and poor oral health-related quality of life. Furthermore, their nutritional intake was affected by their oral health problems. Although larger groups need to be studied, these findings indicate that oral health and nutrition should be evaluated and adjusted in these patients to improve their overall care.
A systematic review of the health effects of lead exposure from electronic waste in children
Authors: Desye Belay , Tesfaye Amensisa Hailu , Berihun Gete , Ademas Ayechew , Sewunet Birhanu 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionElectronic waste (e-waste) is an emerging human and environmental problem. Lead (Pb) is one of the most dangerous chemicals for human health, and it is the most prevalent heavy metal pollutant in e-waste. Despite the rapid growth of e-waste globally and the health effects of Pb, there is little information regarding the effects of Pb exposure from e-waste on children. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide concise information on the health effects of Pb exposure from e-waste on children.MethodsA comprehensive search of databases was undertaken using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, HINARI, African Journal Online (AJOL), and additional sources were searched up to November 25, 2022. Eligibility criteria were determined using Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcome (PECO). The guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) were used during the article selection process. The protocol of this systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration ID: CRD42022377028). The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality appraisal checklist was used to assess the quality of the included studies.ResultsFrom a total of 1,150 identified studies, 20 full-text studies were included in the systematic review. All most included studies were conducted in China recycling area for e-waste. The included studies were conducted with an exposed group versus a reference group. The majority of the included studies found that blood Pb levels were ≥5 μg/dl and that Pb exposures from e-waste were affecting children’s health, such as a decrease in serum cortisol levels, inhibition of hemoglobin synthesis, impact on neurobehavioral development, affect physical development, etc.ConclusionLead exposure had a significant impact on children’s health as a result of informal e-waste recycling. Therefore, formalizing the informal sector and raising public health awareness are important steps toward reducing Pb exposure from e-waste. Moreover, the concerned stakeholders, like national and international organizations, should work together to effectively manage e-waste.
Genetic Analysis of S5 Regulating the Hybrid Sterility between Indica and Japonica Subspecies in Rice
Authors: Guo Jie , Zhou Xinqiao , Chen Ke , Ye Chanjuan , Liu Juan , Sun Kangli , Tang Guang , Wang Shaokui , Zhang Guiquan , Chen Youding , Chen Dagang , Liu Chuanguang 
Published: April 2023

Hybrid sterility is the major obstacle to the utilization of inter-subspecific heterosis in hybrid rice breeding. The S5 locus, composed of three adjacent genes ORF3, ORF4, and ORF5, plays a crucial role in regulating indica/japonica hybrids’ female sterility. Through a series of crosses involving 38 parents, three alleles of S5, ORF3+ORF4−ORF5n, ORF3+ORF4+ORF5n, and ORF3−/ORF4−/ORF5n, all could be regarded as wide-compatibility alleles, and when crossed with indica or japonica rice, they all showed significantly high fertility. Then, in order to explore the genes’ function, we further knocked out genes by using CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing. Our results demonstrate that the ORF3+ was not just the protector in the killer-protector system, and knocking out ORF3 of the indica allele seriously affected the rice’s normal development. We observed the concrete enhancing hybrid spikelet fertility from the crosses between the ORF4+ knockout japonica materials with indica varieties. By conducting the comparative RNA-Seq analysis of young spikelets, we found that the ORF4+/ORF4− could modulate the hybrid fertility by affecting the expressions of genes related to the function of the Golgi apparatus. This study indicated that knocking out the ORF4+ of the japonica allele or using the alleles carrying ORF5n would provide effective approaches to overcome indica/japonica hybrid female sterility in rice breeding.
A Novel L-Shaped Metalens for Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Antenna Gain Improvement
Authors: Portosi Vincenza , Loconsole Antonella Maria , Campana Antonio , Anelli Francesco , Prudenzano Francesco 
Published: April 2023

In this work, a novel metamaterial lens (metalens) is designed and optimized to improve the radiation performance of an antipodal Vivaldi antenna for wideband applications. The metalens is integrated into the antenna substrate, and placed close to the tapered slot in the end-fire direction, allowing the preservation of the lightweight and compactness of the antenna. The prototype has been fabricated and characterized, demonstrating good agreement with the simulations. The insertion of the metalens allows, with respect to the pristine Vivaldi, a measured maximum gain of Gmax=14.2 dB, increased by about ΔGmax=4.8 dB; an operating bandwidth of f=3÷14.7 GHz, increased by Δf=1.2 GHz; and a radiation pattern with a maximum reduction in half-power beamwidth of ΔHPBWmax=31.3°, more symmetrical in the E and H planes.
DFT Study of CO2 Reduction Reaction to CH3OH on Low-Index Cu Surfaces
Authors: Xue Qian , Qi Xuede , Li Kun , Zeng Yi , Xu Feng , Zhang Kai , Yang Tingting , Qi Xueqiang , Jiang Jinxia 
Published: April 2023

The electrochemical reduction of CO2 is an efficient method to convert CO2 waste into hydrocarbon fuels, among which methanol is the direct liquid fuel in the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). Copper is the most widely used catalyst for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR); the reaction is affected by the surface morphology of the copper. Here, the morphology effect and the mechanism of CO2RR on three typical low-index Cu (100), Cu (110) and Cu (111) surfaces are studied. According to our results, Cu (110) provides the optimum surface for the CO2RR via CO2 → *COOH → *CO → *CHO → *CH2O → *CH2OH → CH3OH pathway, where the reduction reaction of CO2 to *COOH is the potential-determining step (PDS). This is because Cu (110) has the highest d band center, which promotes the adsorption of *COOH.
La ansiedad en los padres de niños/as con trastorno del espectro autista
Authors: Olmedo Pico Lucía Elizabeth , Loor Rivadeneira Marlene Ruth 
Published: April 2023

Resumen
El presente estudio realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre la ansiedad de los padres que tienen hijos con trastorno del espectro autista, con el objetivo de establecer sus características, pero también para conocer las estrategias o mecanismos que utilizan los progenitores para superar los niveles de ansiedad, para lo cual se hace una profunda revisión bibliográfica actualizada de 40 artículos publicados en Scielo, Dianet y google académico, tanto del trastorno del espectro autista como de la ansiedad. Se utilizó como método la síntesis, con un enfoque metodológico cualitativo que permitió relacionar la información recabada y llegar a la conclusión que los padres de familia cuyos hijos presentan autismo sufren de permanente ansiedad, siendo el estrés una de las expresiones psicológicas más frecuentes, situación que se ha complicado en los dos últimos años debido a presencia del COVID que obligó a mantener la cuarentena a la familia.
Assessment of oxidative proteins modification level in infertile males ejaculate secondary to toxocara invasion
Authors: Vorontsova L. L. , Keniyz S. O. , Kovalenko V. A. , Mikheev O. O. 
Published: April 2023

Our research was aimed at revealing level of proteins oxidative proteins modification in ejaculate homogenate for patients with reproductive damages secondary to toxocara invasion.
Materials and methods. The article contains the data of researching proteins oxidative modification in ejaculate and values for congenital immunity cells factors in 89 men being divided into five groups depending on spermatozoa DNA values and presence or lack of toxocara invasion.
The results. According to the data obtained it has been established that increasing OPM values with different intensity in ejaculate depending on peculiarities of damaging factor were being observed. Incomplete phagocytosis of the neutrophil link was determined, but only in the 3rd and 4th groups was noted a simultaneous decrease in HSTsp and HSTst, which indicated a deep damage to the bactericidal system of phagocytes, which also, apparently, occurs due to inhibition of the metabolism of immunocompetent cells and their bioenergetic resources by toxic products of life activity of helminths. It was in the groups with the most pronounced oxidative stress that DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa was also observed, which, in turn, was combined with the more severe forms of pathozoospermia in the 4th and 5th groups we discovered earlier.
Conclusions. Thus, insignificant OPM increasing in patients of the third and fourth groups (with antibodies against toxocara) is connected with defense formed by helminths against damaging factors, such as OPM and phagocytosis, that is confirmed by incomplete phagocytosis secondary to functional and metabolic reserve deficiency. High OPM values in patients of second and fifth groups indicate only influence of environment (industrial pollutants in air), many of them can be themselves booster to develop and maintain OPM high values.