bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic effect of Ayurveda interventions in prevention of COVID 19 in selected containment zones of Delhi
Authors: Rao BCS , Yadav Babita , Sharma MM , Jameela Sophia , Rana Rakesh Kumar , Singhal Richa , Sharma Bhagwan Sahai , Khanduri Shruti , Makhija Deepa , Gupta Bharti , Kumar Adarsh , N Srikanth , Dhiman Kartar Singh 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
The exponential rise of cases and associated morbidity and mortality has managed to make COVID-19 a serious threat. Minimising the transmission of disease by prevention and control strategy forms the core-pillar of response. Ayurveda with its holistic approach can potentially promote disease prophylaxis both at the individual as well as community levels. This clinical study was executed in a community set-up to explore the potential of Ayurvedic interventions in COVID-19 prophylaxis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was conducted as an open label community based study in six selected containment zones of Delhi on 9200 individuals with an objective to record the incidence of COVID-19 in these areas. The selected Ayurvedic Interventions (Ashwagandha, Maha Sudarshan Ghan Vati, Samshamani Vati) were distributed in the dose of two tablets of 250 mg each twice daily after food with lukewarm water for a period of one month. Onset of any COVID-19 related clinical symptoms, patient satisfaction in general health parameters and incidence of ADR/AE were taken as outcome measures.

RESULTS:
9010 participants were recruited with mean age of 37.9 years. A total of 12 participants (0.17%) were reported positive during the intervention period, among 279 who underwent testing (because of contact tracing or symptoms). Participants who were devoid of any symptoms throughout the trial period were 98.8%. Statistically significant improvement was observed in parameters of general well-being at the end of study period.

CONCLUSION:
Ayurveda interventions demonstrated potential as a safe prophylactic measure against COVID 19 with comparatively good compliance and minimal adverse effects.
Effect of Ayurveda interventions in the management of venous stasis dermatitis in a patient with type 2 diabetes: A case report
Authors: Chandrasekharan Chandini , Bhat Sulochana , Kannan Amulya , Jenu Anagha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Venous insufficiency disorder associated with diabetes is a concerning condition. It can result in venous stasis dermatitis, also known as stasis eczema, characterized by inflammatory changes in the lower extremities. A similar condition is described in Ayurveda as Vatarakta, which can present as Kushtasamalakshanas (early symptoms resembling skin disorders) in the lower limbs due to vitiated Vata (bodily humor) and Rakta Dhatu (blood tissue). Ayurvedic intervention promises successful results through both Shodhana (detoxification) and Shamana (pacifying/palliative) treatment along the line of management in Vatarakta disease. Managing such problems in diabetes patients must be well-planned to prevent rising blood sugar levels. Therefore, venous stasis dermatitis in diabetic individuals can be effectively treated with Shamana (pacifying therapy) combined with Sadyovirechana (therapeutic purgation without prior administration of medicinal oil/ghee).

PATIENT INFORMATION:
A 54-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus approached for the Ayurvedic management of inflammatory changes on her right lower leg. She complained of hyperpigmentation, swelling, aching pain, dryness, and severe itching of the right lower leg along the medial aspect of the ankle and foot for 6 months.

DIAGNOSIS:
According to CEAP (clinical, etiological, anatomical, and pathophysiological) classification, this clinical condition was identified as venous stasis dermatitis with C4a Ep AP PO (changes in skin and subcutaneous tissues in the form of pigmentation/eczema, primary, perforating veins, obstruction, respectively). Before beginning Ayurvedic treatment, an assessment using the revised venous clinical severity score (RVCSS) revealed a score of 7.

INTERVENTIONS:

Vatashaamaka-Raktadushtihara treatment (therapy that pacifies vitiated bodily humor and purifies vitiated blood tissue) was provided to the patient for 60 days which included Deepana-Pachana (digestive and metabolism-enhancing therapy) followed by Sadyovirechana (therapeutic purgation without prior administration of medicated oil/ghee) using Nimbamritadi Eranda Tailam and Samana Treatment (pacifying therapy) including local application of Nalpamaradi Kera Tailam.

OUTCOME:
After 60 days of treatment, there was a noticeable improvement in all symptoms except varicosity, and the RVCSS dropped from 7 to 3.

CONCLUSION:
Even though treating venous insufficiency issues in diabetic individuals may be challenging, a well-planned Ayurvedic therapy regimen that includes Sadyosodhana (therapeutic purgation without prior administration of medicinal oil/ghee) and Shamanatreatment (pacifying therapy) can have excellent results and offer hope for the treatment of several disorders associated with diabetes.
An open-label prospective interventional study to assess the prophylactic effect of Guduchi Ghan Vati in COVID-19
Authors: Vyas Kavita , Chandla Anubha , Nariyal Vikas , Yadav Babita , Amin Hetalben D. , Khanduri Shruti , Sharma Bhagwan Sahai , Rana Rakesh Kumar , Singhal Richa , Tripathi Arunabh , Chandrasekhararao Bhogavalli , Srikanth Narayanam , Dhiman Kartar Singh 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Several studies have proven the immunomodulatory action of Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia). Immunomodulation strategy is a crucial requirement to control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Therefore, Guduchi Ghan Vati (GGV), tablets prepared from water extract of T. cordifolia, is selected to prevent COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to know the prophylactic effect of Ayurvedic intervention, that is GGV, in preventing COVID-19 infection among the community of containment areas.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
It was an open-label, prospective, nonrandomized, community-based interventional study carried out from May 6 to June 23, 2020, in a containment zone (Bijhari) of District Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India. GGV was given to the community in the dose of 500 mg twice a day with lukewarm water on an empty stomach for 30 days. The demographic and health-related data of the participants were collected using Google forms, and follow-up was done on the 30th day through telephonic interviews.

RESULTS:
A total of 1165 participants’ data were analyzed to assess the prophylactic effect of GGV. In the sample, 85.2% of participants had no systemic disorders, whereas 13.8% took concomitant medicines for other morbidities. The incidence of COVID-19-positive cases was only 0.1% (n = 01).

CONCLUSION:
Ayurvedic intervention GGV was found to have prophylactic potential against COVID-19 infection.
Efficacy and safety evaluation of Shatavari Gudam and Triphala Kashaya in leucorrhoea (Shwetapradara) – A study protocol of an open-label, multicenter, interventional, single-arm trial
Authors: Gopod Savita Poshatti , Dhoke Sujata , Anumol K. , Kumar Pradeep , Sheji Soumya , Talekar Manisha , Sharma Lalita , Tripathi Arunabh , Ota Sarada 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
In the classical text of Ayurveda, formulations Shatavari Gudam (SG) and Triphala Kashaya (TK) are indicated to treat Shwetapradara. The disease Shwetapradara can be correlated to leucorrhoea based on the similar symptom, painless, white-colored discharge from the vagina. SG is a formulation containing Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) as a main ingredient. Several studies indicate Shatavari as a tonic for reproductive tract-related diseases. The external use of Triphala has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and anti-bacterial actions. The present article is a clinical study protocol on the efficacy and safety evaluation of SG and TK in leucorrhoea (Shwetapradara).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
It will be a multicenter, prospective single-arm study planned to be conducted at Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Regional Ayurveda Research Institute Nagpur, National Ayurveda Research Institute for Panchakarma, Cheruturthy and Regional Ayurveda Research Institute Vijayawada. One hundred sixty participants will be recruited for the trial (40 from each center). In the dose of 6gm, SG will be administered twice daily with lukewarm water after food. Vaginal douche will be done with TK for seven days in two consecutive cycles. The primary outcome will be change in the quantity of white discharge using visual analog scale. The secondary outcome will be change in other associated symptoms like pruritis vulva, lower abdominal pain, low back ache, burning micturition, and dyspareunia using the Visual Analogue Scale; change in the Quality of life and well-being by PGWBI score; change in Score of Investigator’s Global Satisfaction Scale, and changes in Patient’s Global Satisfaction Scale from baseline to final visit. Clinical/biochemical assessments will determine the safety and tolerability of the formulation during the follow-ups. Compared with the baseline, the efficacy of interventions on the 84th and 98th day, will be assessed with Paired t-test. Data will be analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION:
The IEC clearance has been obtained from each participating institute. After completion of the trial, the outcome will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals for publication.
Ayurveda management of jaundice: A case study
Authors: Sinha Nitu , Ojha Nisha Kumari 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the body’s tissues from excess bilirubin (hyperbilirubinemia). According to the Ayurveda perspective, the clinical presentation of jaundice can be correlated with that of the disease Kamala. We present a case of a 10-year-old female patient who attained the outpatient department with complaints of anorexia, poor appetite, general weakness, abdominal pain, and hard stools since 10 days. The examination revealed yellow discoloration of the sclera, oral mucosa, skin, urine, and hard yellowish stool, and the blood investigation revealed elevated level of serum bilirubin, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. The case was managed with Tab Liv 52 DS, 1 tab twice a day and Tab Nirocil, 1 tab twice daily before food with lukewarm water. Mridu Virechana (mild purgation) was done using a combination of Avipatikar Churna 2 gm twice a day and Kutki Churna (powder of Picrorhiza kurrooa) 1 gm twice a day with lukewarm water for 4 weeks. These medications effectively improved the clinical symptoms, and the appetite increased, the patient became more active, and the icterus decreased. The patient also started passing normal stool and urine. complete blood count, liver function test , and urine examination revealed that the values were within the reference range. This combination can be utilized for symptoms of Koshthashrita Kamala.
Effectiveness of anal infiltration with Murivenna oil, internal administration of Triphala choorna, sitz bath, and fiber diet protocol in acute and chronic anal fissures
Authors: Kizhakke Meladam Pratap S. , Nair Pratibha P. , Sureshkumar Gayathri , Sudhakar Devarakonda 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Anal fissure (fissure in ano) is an excruciating manifestation among common anorectal presentations. The condition inflicts significant personal and social ill health causing considerable morbidity. This study aimed at documenting the effect of Murivenna oil infiltration and Triphala choorna oral use along with sitz bath and fiber diet protocol in the management of fistula in ano.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Retrospective analysis of 15 cases diagnosed with primary fissure in ano who underwent prescribed conservative Ayurvedic treatment between March 2018 and February 2019 at the National Ayurveda Research Institute for Panchakarma, Cheruthuruthy, is reported. All patients were managed with anal infiltration of Murivenna oil (30 ml), internal administration of Triphala choorna (10 g), sitz bath, and fiber diet. Retrospective outcome analysis of recorded change in each case on study variables, viz. pain, bleeding per rectum (BPR), anal discharge, inflammation and tenderness, and healing of fissure, was recorded in structured proforma, was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. A Friedman test for repeated measures, followed by Wilcoxon post hoc test, was conducted on the study variables. Results with P-value<.01 were considered significant.

RESULTS:
Data of 15 patients was used for analysis. Complete healing of the fissure was documented in 93% of patients by the end of their respective 30th day. There was significant relief in symptoms of inflammation, tenderness, anal discharge, and bleeding per rectum (BPR) in most of the patients within their first 7 days of treatment. Median pain level assessed on VAS was significantly reduced from 9 (on the 1st day) to 1 (on the 7th day) and eventually to 0 on the 30th day. Statistically significant difference was observed in the percentage healing of fissure measured on the 8th day (78 ± 11.464), 15th day (91.33 ± 9.904), and 30th day (99.33 ± 2.582).

CONCLUSION:
The observatory report provides significant elementary evidence on the effectiveness of an Ayurvedic conservative treatment in managing acute and chronic primary fissure in ano.
Management of non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion with cystoid maular edema through Ayurveda interventions
Authors: Sugunan Vidya , Namboothiri Narayanan Narayanan , Kumar Aravind , Sukumaran Krishnendu , Varma Kavya Rama 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is clinically classified into ischemic and non-ischemic varieties. Non-ischemic CRVO presents with the blurring of vision and posterior segment findings such as hemorrhages, tortuous blood vessels, cotton-wool spots, and macular edema. Sometimes, cystoid macular edema may be present.

Patient Information:
A 30-year-old man was diagnosed with non-ischemic CRVO and cystoid macular edema in his right eye. The patient had taken multiple rounds of intraocular injection. The visual acuity of the patient was LogMAR 0.602 in his right eye and LogMAR 0 in his left eye. Posterior segment examination of the patient showed cotton-wool spots, tortuous blood vessels, and some hemorrhages. Optical coherence tomography showed multiple cyst-like lesions at the macula. The patient was treated with four courses of inpatient therapy comprising Ayurveda oral medicines (Kvatha, Churna, and Gutika), Kriyakalpa (local ophthalmic therapies such as Seka, Ashchyotana, Pindi, and Bidalaka), and treatments for the head such as Siroveshtana and Lepa. After treatment the visual acuity readings of the patient was improved, and most of the posterior segment findings were found resolved.

Conclusion:
The patient experienced positive changes from the treatment. Ayurvedamanagement can be a therapeutic option for non-ischemic CRVO and cystoid macular edema.
Effect of Ayurveda interventions Vallibadara [Ziziphus oenoplia (L.) Mill.] and Avipattikara Churna in the management of Mukhadushika (acne) - a case report
Authors: Purohit Payal J. , Acharya Rabinarayan 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
The spine of Vallibadara [Ziziphus oenoplia (L.) Mill.] of family Rhamnaceae are traditionally claimed to manage Mukhadushika (acne vulgaris). In Ayurveda, Avipattikara Churna is known for its Pitta Shamka and mild laxative action. The vitiation of Pitta Dosha and constipation are also contribute to manifestation of acne.

PATIENT INFORMATION AND INTERVENTION:
A 19 year old patient presented with complaints of papules and pustules, scattered all over her forehead and cheeks since last one year. The patient also reported constipation and heartburn since many months. She was diagnosed with Mukhadushika and was treated with the local application of the paste of powdered thorn of Z. oenoplia mixed with lemon juice and oral administration of Avipattikara Churna 4 gm twice daily with water for 21 days.

RESULT:
Considerable reduction was observed in the scattered papules and pustules on the forehead and cheeks of the patient. Constipation and burning sensation in the chest were relieved after one week. Complete relief in symptoms was noticed after 21 days of treatment. No recurrence of eruptions was observed during the follow-up after 30 days.

CONCLUSION:
The external application of spine of Z. oenoplia and internal administration of Avipattikara Churna are effective in the treatment of acne vulgaris.
Interception of fistulous tract and application of Kshara Sutra: Boon for anal fistulae with scrotal extension: A case series
Authors: Hanifa Nasreen , Sherkhane Rahul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anal fistula primarily occurs due to infection of intersphincteric anal glands. In some cases, the anal fistula can extend into the scrotum. Fistula-in-ano with scrotal extension is a rare condition, and at first glance, such a presentation may be confused with acute scrotal diseases. It is commonly a congenital disorder in children characterized by painful swelling, redness, and pus discharge from the scrotum’s external opening (secondary orifice). Acharya Sushruta mentioned Ksharasutra therapy for managing Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano), a popular method for fistula-in-ano management with a reasonable success rate. Further, to fasten the recovery period in complex anal fistula cases, a modified technique of Ksharasutra is adopted, known as interception of fistulous tract with the application of Ksharasutra (IFTAK) technique. This case series describes three patients diagnosed with anal fistulae with scrotal extension. All patients had previously undergone a failed surgical procedure to cure their fistula. The patients were operated on with the IFTAK technique after proper preoperative evaluation. The postoperative fistulous wound in two cases was cured entirely within 5 weeks, and the third case within 6 weeks of treatment. IFTAK technique has shown promising outcomes in patients with anal fistula with scrotal extension. The success of the treatment with IFTAK is due to the eradication of sepsis by proper interception of the fistula tract. However, the efficacy of the IFTAK technique should be validated through well-planned randomized controlled clinical trials for its implementation as a standard treatment for complex anal fistulae.
Safety and efficacy of Rudraksha Churna in the treatment of essential hypertension—a single-arm multicentre trial
Authors: Kumawat Vinod Bihari , Yadav Babita , Vijayan Ashwathykutty , Jain Avinash , Das Jeuti Rani , Sharma Bhagwan Sahai , Khanduri Shruti , Rana Rakesh , Singhal Richa , Maheshwar Thugutla , Srikanth Narayanam , Dhiman Kartar Singh 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Essential hypertension (EHTN) is one of the most prevalent lifestyle disorders globally. In Ayurveda, the powdered seed of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. ex G.Don [Rudraksha Churna (RC)] is indicated for headache, the most common symptom of EHTN. Pharmacological studies on an aqueous extract of E. ganitrus have shown that it can be used to treat anxiety and EHTN. However, no research has been done on the therapeutic efficacy of RC in the treatment of EHTN. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RC in the treatment of EHTN.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The multicentre single arm trial was conducted at the Regional Ayurveda Research Institutes at Jaipur and Itanagar. A total of 150 individuals who met the screening criteria were enrolled in the trial after obtaining written informed consent. The participants were administered two 500 mg capsules of RC twice daily (2 g daily) with water for 12 weeks. The outcome measures were reduction in blood pressure, improvement in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale Score (HAM-A), SF-36-Health Survey Questionnaire (HSQ), visual analog scale for headache, anxiety, dizziness, tinnitus, fatigue, and amelioration in clinical parameters at every 14-day interval during the trial period of 98 days comprising 84 days of treatment and 14 days of follow-up.

RESULTS:
The results showed a significant decrease in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001). Significant relief (P < 0.001) was also observed in outcome measures such as headache, anxiety, dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath, palpitation, HAM-A, and HSQ score. Safety parameters such as liver function tests and renal function tests were within the reference range during the study, indicating the therapeutic safety of RC.

CONCLUSION:
EHTN and its symptoms can be managed with RC. However, double-blind RCTs with adequate sample size may be planned to validate the findings of this study before generalizing the study results.
Management strategies and critical appraisal of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
Authors: Bhavya Bandahalli Madhusudhana Rao , Doddamani Shashidhar H. , Kumar Rajendra 
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disease of macula associated with aging. It is the most leading cause of the central vision loss and blindness in the developed countries above the age of 55 years.

OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this article is to critically analyze and to provide quality evidence in view of safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of Ayurveda interventions.

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY:
The study reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and case studies on the management of AMD in Ayurveda. They were retrieved through Ayurveda research databases and Medical Journal databases such as MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and other directories of open access journals. Hand searching was done using predefined search terms. The search was limited to articles published till July 2021. Study selection followed the symptomatology of AMD. The data were documented and extracted using study ID and design, sample size, duration, interventions, outcomes, and result. The quality and the risk of bias assessment were done using available tools. Quantitative synthesis was not attempted as we aimed at only systematic review.

RESULTS:
There were 28 screened records of which 6 fulfilled pre-defined criteria. Most commonly adopted therapeutics include four studies on Nasya (medication through nose), five on Tarpana (lubrication of eye), and two studies focussing on Basti (therapeutic enema) as primary management. The results were categorized under Shodhana (purification therapy) and Shamana (palliative). Overall studies show a significant improvement in subjective parameters assessed through gradation index. Panchakarma combined with eye treatment showed better relief.

CONCLUSION:
The study outcome yielded considerable improvement in vision and also assisted in maintaining existing vision which is greatly appreciable in addressing the subject’s quality of life by controlling further progression of the disease.
Using Yoga Nidra practice as Nidra enhancing strategy: A perspective
Authors: Datta Karuna , Kanitkar Madhuri 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Yoga Nidra, a Yogic method called dynamic sleep, is a systematic method of bringing about complete physical, mental, and emotional relaxation. In this state, relaxation is achieved by turning inwards, away from outer experiences. While doing Yoga Nidra, electro-encephalography, electro-myography, and electro-oculography were recorded, and the epochs were scored as per the standard guidelines. The entire practice showed the individual to be awake. However, areas in the brain showed an increase in the power spectra density of the “delta” waves, implying the individual was awake, but there was evidence of “local sleep.” There is a need to use this ancient strategy to maximize performance, both physical and cognitive, and help sleep better. In a post-pandemic world where sleep problems are common, a relatively easy-to-do practice may significantly help reduce the allostatic load of sleep problems on lifestyle disorders. In addition, it may be an innovative strategy to improve critical decision-making for high performers.