bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Acadaemic Self-Efficacy Pada Siswa Sd N X Tamansari, Lelea, Indramayu, Jawa Barat
Authors: Panjaitan Shekinah Glory , Dariyo Agoes 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to describe the academic self-efficacy of students at SDN X Taman Sari, Lelea District, Indramayu Regency, West Java. This research was conducted on 148 male and female students aged 9-13 years from grades 4-6 elementary school. The measuring instrument used in this academic self-efficacy research is part of the measuring instrument for the Faculty of Psychology, Tarumanagara University in 2015 in Indonesian. Through correlation analysis techniques with the SPSS version 25 program. It was found that the dimensions of the highest level were compared to the dimensions of generality and or strength. In addition, based on analysis of additional data, it can be concluded that there are differences in the level of academic self-efficacy in terms of gender.
Keywords: academic self-efficacy, self-efficacy, elementary students
Making Ends Meet by Mining on Blockchain: Subalternity, Materiality, and Yearnings of Chinese Amateur Crypto-miners
Authors: Hou Jiaxi 
Published: June 2023

While public narratives indicate that blockchain is widely used in developed societies among privileged elites, either from socio-economic, ethnic, or techno-cultural perspectives, this study examines how some disadvantaged marginal others, specifically the subaltern shehuiren in China, survive in the increasingly precarious post-socialist Chinese society by engaging with blockchain and cryptocurrencies. Literally translated as “society people”, shehuiren are the socio-economically and techno-culturally disadvantaged others who face marginality due to various post-socialist institutional inequalities. This study aims at unpacking how, on the one hand, the blockchain scene has been reconfigured by the disadvantaged in the local context, and on the other hand, how subalternity is actualized in post-socialist China, where blockchain-related technologies deeply intertwine with various forms of social inequalities. By tracing a group of shehuiren crypto miners through ethnography, I demonstrate that this subaltern scene of blockchain not just reshapes the shehuiren individuals’ notion of time, space, and value and the social relationship among themselves, but also profoundly impacts the power dynamics between the subalterns, the more privileged others, and the state authorities. Specifically, I underline that, despite being treated as losers, outsiders, and potential wrongdoers due to the existing social structures, shehuiren miners are neither victims nor rebels opposing either the authoritarian state or the global neoliberal order. Instead, they are actors who harvest limited profits through their unacknowledged creativity, adeptly making use of various resources within their reach and weaving their differential aspirations by attaching themselves to the larger technology-mediated networks in an unequal post-socialist society where a united subaltern hardly exists.
Biomechanical effects of screws of different materials on vertebra-pediculoplasty: a finite element study
Authors: Wang Yan-Ni , Ren Ya-Nan , Han Jun , Chen Chao , Sun Xun , Di Ming-Yuan , Dou Yi-Ming , Ma Xin-Long , Wang Zheng , Du Cheng-Fei , Yang Qiang 
Published: June 2023

Background: The effects of cannulated screws made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) on the biomechanical properties of the vertebral body during vertebra-pediculoplasty remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether PEEK screws have the potential to replace titanium alloy screws.Methods: The surgical model of two different materials of screws was constructed using the finite element method. The biomechanical effects of the two models on the vertebral body under different working conditions were compared.Results: ① The peak von Mises stress of PEEK screws was significantly lower than that of titanium screws, with a reduction ranging from 52% to 80%. ② The von Mises stress values for the injured T12 spine were similar for both materials. Additionally, the segmental range of motion and intervertebral disc pressure showed no significant difference between the two materials.Conclusion: PEEK screws demonstrated advantages over titanium screws and may serve as a viable alternative for screw materials in vertebra-pediculoplasty.
Analysis of risk factors related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a retrospective study based on 31,718 adult Chinese individuals
Authors: Wang Ganggang , Shen Xiaowei , Wang Yicun , Lu Huanhua , He Hua , Wang Xiaoliang 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. This study guides the prevention and diagnosis of NAFLD by analyzing its risk factors and the diagnostic value of each index for NAFLD.MethodWe collected the clinical information of adults individuals who underwent physical examination in the Physical Examination Center of Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, from January 2016 to January 2020, including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We performed logistic regression analysis and ROC diagnostic analysis.ResultsThe results showed that age, BMI, SBP, ALT, AST, FBG, TBIL, TG, and LDL were risk factors for NAFLD in adults, and HDL was a protective factor (all p-values were less than 0.05). Among them, age, BMI, ALT, TG, and HDL had a predictive value for the occurrence of NAFLD in the adults (AUC = 0.708, 0.836, 0.767, 0.780, and 0.732, respectively). The combination of age, BMI, ALT, TG, and HDL had a diagnostic value for the occurrence of NAFLD (AUC = 0.881).ConclusionHealthy people should pay attention to their BMI levels, manage blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid levels, and pay attention to changes in ALT and AST index levels to prevent NAFLD. Age, BMI, ALT, TG, and HDL indexes are helpful factors in the diagnosis of NAFLD.
Association between cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19 pneumonia outcome in Indonesia: a multi-center cohort study
Authors: Burhan Erlina , Mubarak Farhan , Adilah Siti Aliyah Said Utriyani , Sari Cut Yulia Indah , Ismail Efriadi , Astuti Puji , Hanifah Yasmina , Wiyarta Elvan , Suryana Nana Maya 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundCOVID-19 is a pandemic affecting 185 countries, including Indonesia. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in COVID-19 patients were linked to worse clinical outcomes. However, the association remained inconclusive due to limited data in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the association between CVD in COVID-19 pneumonia patients with its clinical outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in four Indonesian hospitals, enrolling 584 adult COVID-19 pneumonia patients from September 2020 to July 2021. Patients were categorized into two groups: non-CVD and CVD [hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic heart failure (CHF), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), arrhythmia, cardiomegaly, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), mitral regurgitation (MR), and myocardial injury (MI)]. Clinical outcomes include in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit admission, ventilator use, earlier death, and prolonged hospital stay. Mann–Whitney test was used for analysis.ResultsThe most common CVD was hypertension (48.1%), followed by MI (10.6%), CAD (9.2%), CHF (6.8%), HHD (3.1%), arrhythmia (1.7%), and others (0.7%). The in-hospital mortality rate was 24%, and patients were hospitalized for a median of 12 days. MI was the only CVD that increased in-hospital mortality (RR 2.105). It was also significantly increased in patients with diabetes mellitus (RR 1.475) and chronic kidney disease (RR 2.079). Meanwhile, prolonged hospital stay was associated with any CVD (RR 1.553), hypertension (RR 1.511), MI (RR 1.969), CHF (RR 1.595), diabetes mellitus (RR 1.359), and cerebrovascular disease (RR 2.203).ConclusionCOVID-19 pneumonia in patients with CVD, specifically MI and hypertension, worsens the COVID-19 clinical outcomes.
Optimizing zebrafish rearing−Effects of fish density and environmental enrichment
Authors: Sen Sarma Oly , Frymus Natalia , Axling Fredrik , Thörnqvist Per-Ove , Roman Erika , Winberg Svante 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionDespite its popularity in research, there is very little scientifically validated knowledge about the best practices on zebrafish (Danio rerio) husbandry, which has led to several facilities having their own husbandry protocols. This study was performed to expand knowledge on the effects of enrichment and fish density on the welfare of zebrafish, with hopes of providing a scientific basis for future recommendations and legislations.MethodsZebrafish were reared at three different stocking densities, (1, 3 or 6 fish/L), in tanks with or without environmental enrichment. Agonistic behavior was observed twice a week for 9 weeks directly in the housing tanks. Aspects of welfare is known to be reflected in neuroendocrine stress responses. Thus, cortisol secretion in response to lowering the water level was analyzed for each group. In addition, we assessed cortisol secretion in response to confinement and risk-taking behavior (boldness) using the novel tank diving test for individual fish. At termination of the experiment fish were subjected to stress by transfer to a novel environment and brain tissue was sampled for analysis of brain monoaminergic activity.ResultsFish kept at the lowest density (1 fish/L) showed a significantly higher level of aggression than fish kept at 3 or 6 fish/L. Moreover, fish kept at this low density showed significantly higher cortisol secretion on a group level than fish kept at the higher stocking densities, when subjected to lowering of the water level. Keeping fish at 1 fish/L also had effects on brain monoamines, these fish showing higher brain dopamine concentrations but lower dopamine turnover than fish kept at higher densities. Neither stocking density or enrichment had any clear effects on the behavior of individual fish in the novel tank diving test. However, fish kept at high densities showed lower and more variable growth rates than fish kept at 1 fish/L.DiscussionTaken together these results suggest that zebrafish should not be kept at a density of 1 fish/L. The optimal stocking density is likely to be in the range of 3–6 fish/L.
Associations between homocysteine and B vitamins and stroke: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Panpan , Xie Xia , Zhang Yurong 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveHomocysteine (Hcy) is a predictor for stroke. B vitamins are required for the metabolism of Hcy. We designed a study to investigate the associations of plasma Hcy and B vitamins with the prevalence of stroke in adults.MethodsA total of 8,371 adults were included in the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2003–2006 in the United States. Multivariate regression analysis and smooth curve fitting were conducted to evaluate the associations of stroke prevalence with Hcy, folate, vitamin B6, and B12. A segmented regression model was used to analyze the threshold effects. Sample weights were calculated to ensure the results’ generalizability.ResultsThe mean age of all participants was 46.43 years (51.8% women), and the prevalence of stroke was 2.72%. A nonlinear and positive association was found between plasma Hcy levels and the prevalence of stroke. Furthermore, L-shaped associations were found between plasma vitamin B6 and folate levels and stroke, with the turning point at 65.2 nmol/L for vitamin B6 and 26 nmol/L for folate, respectively. Vitamin B12 revealed a U-shaped relationship with stroke, with the turning points at 492.98 pmol/L for vitamin B12.ConclusionNon-linear associations of plasma Hcy and B vitamins levels with stroke prevalence were found in American adults. These associations may have an implication that higher plasma Hcy levels should be reduced, and plasma vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and folate levels should be moderately improved in stroke prevention. Future studies are needed to verify the causality of these associations and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic correlates of progression free and overall survival in “glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, WHO grade-4”
Authors: Sacli-Bilmez Banu , Danyeli Ayça Erşen , Yakicier M. Cengiz , Aras Fuat Kaan , Pamir M. Necmettin , Özduman Koray , Dinçer Alp , Ozturk-Isik Esin 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumor Classification has suggested that isocitrate dehydrogenase wildtype (IDH-wt) WHO grade-2/3 astrocytomas with molecular features of glioblastoma should be designated as “Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, WHO grade-4.” This study analyzed the metabolic correlates of progression free and overall survival in “Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, WHO grade-4” patients using short echo time single voxel 1H-MRS.MethodsFifty-seven adult patients with hemispheric glioma fulfilling the 2021 WHO CNS Tumor Classification criteria for “Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, WHO grade-4” at presurgery time point were included. All patients were IDH1/2-wt and TERTp-mut. 1H-MRS was performed on a 3 T MR scanner and post-processed using LCModel. A Mann–Whitney U test was used to assess the metabolic differences between gliomas with or without contrast enhancement and necrosis. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the effects of age, extent of resection, presence of contrast enhancement and necrosis, and metabolic intensities on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Machine learning algorithms were employed to discern possible metabolic patterns attributable to higher PFS or OS.ResultsContrast enhancement (p = 0.015), necrosis (p = 0.012); and higher levels of Glu/tCr (p = 0.007), GSH/tCr (p = 0.019), tCho/tCr (p = 0.032), and Glx/tCr (p = 0.010) were significantly associated with shorter PFS. Additionally, necrosis (p = 0.049), higher Glu/tCr (p = 0.039), and Glx/tCr (p = 0.047) were significantly associated with worse OS. Machine learning models differentiated the patients having longer than 12 months OS with 81.71% accuracy and the patients having longer than 6 months PFS with 77.41% accuracy.ConclusionGlx and GSH have been identified as important metabolic correlates of patient survival among “IDH-wt, TERT-mut diffuse gliomas” using single-voxel 1H-MRS on a clinical 3 T MRI scanner.
Adipose-derived stem cells modulate neuroinflammation and improve functional recovery in chronic constriction injury of the rat sciatic nerve
Authors: Chen Szu-Han , Wu Chia-Ching , Tseng Wan-Ling , Lu Fu-I , Liu Ya-Hsin , Lin Shau-Ping , Lin Sheng-Che , Hsueh Yuan-Yu 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionCompressive neuropathy, a common chronic traumatic injury of peripheral nerves, leads to variable impairment in sensory and motor function. Clinical symptoms persist in a significant portion of patients despite decompression, with muscle atrophy and persistent neuropathic pain affecting 10%–25% of cases. Excessive inflammation and immune cell infiltration in the injured nerve hinder axon regeneration and functional recovery. Although adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have demonstrated neural regeneration and immunomodulatory potential, their specific effects on compressive neuropathy are still unclear.MethodsWe conducted modified CCI models on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to induce irreversible neuropathic pain and muscle atrophy in the sciatic nerve. Intraneural ASC injection and nerve decompression were performed. Behavioral analysis, muscle examination, electrophysiological evaluation, and immunofluorescent examination of the injured nerve and associated DRG were conducted to explore axon regeneration, neuroinflammation, and the modulation of inflammatory gene expression. Transplanted ASCs were tracked to investigate potential beneficial mechanisms on the local nerve and DRG.ResultsPersistent neuropathic pain was induced by chronic constriction of the rat sciatic nerve. Local ASC treatment has demonstrated robust beneficial outcomes, including the alleviation of mechanical allodynia, improvement of gait, regeneration of muscle fibers, and electrophysiological recovery. In addition, locally transplanted ASCs facilitated axon remyelination, alleviated neuroinflammation, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration of the injured nerve and associated dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Trafficking of the transplanted ASC preserved viability and phenotype less than 7 days but contributed to robust immunomodulatory regulation of inflammatory gene expression in both the injured nerve and DRG.DiscussionLocally transplanted ASC on compressed nerve improve sensory and motor recoveries from irreversible chronic constriction injury of rat sciatic nerve via alleviation of both local and remote neuroinflammation, suggesting the promising role of adjuvant ASC therapies for clinical compressive neuropathy.
Design and implementation of high sampling rate and multichannel wireless recorder for EEG monitoring and SSVEP response detection
Authors: Li Ruikai , Zhang Yixing , Fan Guangwei , Li Ziteng , Li Jun , Fan Shiyong , Lou Cunguang , Liu Xiuling 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe collection and process of human brain activity signals play an essential role in developing brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. A portable electroencephalogram (EEG) device has become an important tool for monitoring brain activity and diagnosing mental diseases. However, the miniaturization, portability, and scalability of EEG recorder are the current bottleneck in the research and application of BCI.MethodsFor scalp EEG and other applications, the current study designs a 32-channel EEG recorder with a sampling rate up to 30 kHz and 16-bit accuracy, which can meet both the demands of scalp and intracranial EEG signal recording. A fully integrated electrophysiology microchip RHS2116 controlled by FPGA is employed to build the EEG recorder, and the design meets the requirements of high sampling rate, high transmission rate and channel extensive.ResultsThe experimental results show that the developed EEG recorder provides a maximum 30 kHz sampling rate and 58 Mbps wireless transmission rate. The electrophysiological experiments were performed on scalp and intracranial EEG collection. An inflatable helmet with adjustable contact impedance was designed, and the pressurization can improve the SNR by approximately 4 times, the average accuracy of steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) was 93.12%. Animal experiments were also performed on rats, and spike activity was captured successfully.ConclusionThe designed multichannel wireless EEG collection system is simple and comfort, the helmet-EEG recorder can capture the bioelectric signals without noticeable interference, and it has high measurement performance and great potential for practical application in BCI systems.
Exploring the correlation between genetic transcription and multi-temporal developmental autism spectrum disorder using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Li Yanling , Zhou Fanchao , Li Rui , Gu Jiahe , He Jiangping 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe present investigation aimed to explore the neurodevelopmental trajectory of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by identifying the changes in brain function and gene expression associated with the disorder. Previous studies have indicated that ASD is a highly inherited neurodevelopmental disorder of the brain that displays symptom heterogeneity across different developmental periods. However, the transcriptomic changes underlying these developmental differences remain largely unknown.MethodsTo address this gap in knowledge, our study employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from a large sample of male participants across four representative age groups to stratify the abnormal changes in brain function associated with ASD. Partial least square regression (PLSr) was utilized to identify unique changes in gene expression in brain regions characterized by aberrant functioning in ASD.ResultsOur results revealed that ASD exhibits distinctive developmental trajectories in crucial brain regions such as the default mode network (DMN), temporal lobe, and prefrontal lobes during critical periods of neurodevelopment when compared to the control group. These changes were also associated with genes primarily located in synaptic tissues.DiscussionThe findings of this study suggest that the neurobiology of ASD is uniquely heterogeneous across different ages and may be accompanied by distinct molecular mechanisms related to gene expression.
Increased newborn NICU admission for evaluation of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy during COVID-19 pandemic in a public hospital
Authors: Song Dongli , Narasimhan Sudha Rani , Huang Angela , Jegatheesan Priya 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPrenatal and perinatal care of pregnant mothers has been adversely affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a leading cause of neonatal death and long-term neurological disabilities. Therapeutic hypothermia is effective for neonatal HIE. This study evaluated the effect of the pandemic on neonatal HIE.MethodsThis retrospective single-center study compared neonatal HIE evaluation and hypothermia treatment between pre-COVID-19 pandemic (1 January 2018–31 December 2019) and COVID-19 pandemic (1 January 2020–31 December 2021) periods. Infants with abnormal neurological examination and or significant metabolic acidosis were admitted to NICU for evaluation of HIE and therapeutic hypothermia. Demographics, NICU admission and interventions, and neonatal outcomes were compared between infants born during the two periods using χ2, t-test, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test as appropriate. Statistical Process Control charts show the yearly proportion of infants evaluated for HIE and those treated with therapeutic hypothermia.ResultsFrom the pre-pandemic to the pandemic period, the proportion of infants that met HIE screening criteria increased from 13% to 16% (p &lt; 0.0001), the proportion of infants admitted to NICU for HIE evaluation increased from 1% to 1.4% (p = 0.02), and the maternal hypertension rates of the admitted infants increased from 30% to 55% (p = 0.006). There was no difference in the proportions of the infants diagnosed with HIE (0.7% vs. 0.9%, p = 0.3) or treated with therapeutic hypothermia (0.2% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.3) between the two periods. There were no differences in the HIE severity and outcomes of the infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia between the two periods.ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed a significant increase in NICU admission for HIE evaluation. While we did not find significant increases in neonatal HIE and the need for therapeutic hypothermia, larger studies are needed for a comprehensive assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neonatal HIE.