bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vasopressin Use in the Support of Organ Donors: Physiological Rationale and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ouerd Sofiane , Frenette Anne Julie , Williamson David , Serri Karim , D’Aragon Frederick , Bichet Daniel G. , Charbonney Emmanuel 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this review was to depict the physiological and clinical rationale for the use of vasopressin in hemodynamic support of organ donors. After summarizing the physiological, pharmacological concepts and preclinical findings, regarding vasopressin’s pathophysiological impacts, we will present the available clinical data.

DATA SOURCES:
Detailed search strategies in PubMed, OVID Medline, and EMBASE were undertaken using Medical Subject Headings and Key Words.

STUDY SELECTION:
Physiological articles regarding brain death, and preclinical animal and human studies about the use of vasopressin or analogs, as an intervention in organ support for donation, were considered.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two authors independently screened titles, abstracts, and full text of articles to determine eligibility. Data encompassing models, population, methodology, outcomes, and relevant concepts were extracted.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Following brain death, profound reduction in sympathetic outflow is associated with reduced cardiac output, vascular tone, and hemodynamic instability in donors. In addition to reducing catecholamine needs and reversing diabetes insipidus, vasopressin has been shown to limit pulmonary injury and decrease systemic inflammatory response in animals. Several observational studies show the benefit of vasopressin on hemodynamic parameters and catecholamine sparing in donors. Small trials suggest that vasopressin increase organ procurement and have some survival benefit for recipients. However, the risk of bias is overall concerning, and therefore the quality of the evidence is deemed low.

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite potential impact on graft outcome and a protective effect through catecholamine support sparing, the benefit of vasopressin use in organ donors is based on low evidence. Well-designed observational and randomized controlled trials are warranted.
From Theory to Practice: The Enacted Curriculum of a Successful Master's Program in Quality Improvement and Leadership
Authors: Stevenson Katherine , Thor Johan , D'Eon Marcel , Headrick Linda , Andersson Gäre Boel 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Blended learning has taken on new prominence in the fields of higher and continuing education, especially as programs have shifted in response to teaching in a global pandemic. The faculty at the Jönköping Academy's Masters in Quality Improvement and Leadership program has been offering a blended learning curriculum, based on four core design principles, since 2009. We studied key features of the enacted curriculum to understand conditions that can support an effective blended learning model.

Methods:
We used a case study approach underpinned by interactive research. Document analysis, a focus group, individual interviews, and stimulated recall interviews were used for data collection. Themes were identified through qualitative content analysis and data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing.

Results:
We grouped data into six emergent themes that clarify the enacted curriculum of an established Master's program: focusing on a common purpose, developing technical and relational knowledge and skills, linking theory and practice in the workplace, leveraging collaboration for mutual benefit, concentrating on leadership and coaching, and applying a blended and interprofessional learning model.

Conclusion:
Educators faced with increased demands to be flexible and to offer opportunities for distance education can learn from this case example of effective teaching of quality improvement and leadership in a blended format.
Fractional CO2 Laser versus Fractional CO2 Laser Plus Betamethasone/Calcipotriol Ointment in the Treatment of Nail Psoriasis
Authors: El Sharkawy Dina A. , EL-Komy Mohamed H.M. , Sobhi Rehab M. , Abdel Raouf Noura M. , Fahim Aya 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND
Nail psoriasis has a major negative impact on the physical and psychological aspects of the patient's life. Treatment is often unsatisfactory because of the difficult penetration of the drug into the nail.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser monotherapy versus combined fractional CO2 laser and calcipotriol/betamethasone ointment preparation in treatment of nail psoriasis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Thirty patients with nail psoriasis with at least 2 affected fingernails were recruited for this study. Target NAPSI (tNAPSI) score was calculated at the start of the study and at 3 months after the last laser session. One affected fingernail of each patient received 6 sessions of fractional CO2 laser with 4-week intervals. Another affected fingernail of each patient received topical betamethasone/calcipotriol ointment once daily in addition to the 6 fractional CO2 laser sessions.

RESULTS
In the monotherapy group, there was significant improvement in the nail matrix score, nail bed score, and tNAPSI score. In the combined therapy group, there was significant improvement in nail bed score and tNAPSI score, but nail matrix score showed no statistically significant improvement. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 studied groups.

CONCLUSION
Fractional CO2 laser can be an effective and promising new treatment for nail psoriasis.
Columellar Reconstruction in Patients with Philtrum Scars: Kalender (Fasciocutaneous Philtrum) Flap
Authors: Kalender (Galandarov) Vagif , Guliyeva Gunel , Galandarova Aysuna 
Published: April 2023

Summary:
Multiple techniques have been proposed for columellar reconstruction. However, in our patients with philtrum scars, none of them were promising a satisfactory outcome in one stage. Therefore, to achieve the best results in a single-stage surgery, we used a modification of the philtrum flap to repair the columella, named the Kalender (fasciocutaneous philtrum island) flap. Nine patients were operated on using this technique. The male-to-female ratio was 2:1, with a mean age of 22. The mean follow-up period was 12 months. Patient satisfaction and postoperative complications were assessed postoperatively and at all follow-ups using a five-point Likert scale. In addition, patients were satisfied with the aesthetic outcome with a mean score of 4.4. We did not observe any complications. Our experience shows that this method is a safe and technically simple alternative for columellar reconstruction in a select group of patients with philtrum scars.
Effects of Orthokeratology Lens Decentration Induced by Paracentral Corneal Asymmetry on Axial Length Elongation
Authors: Ding Wenzhi , Lu Weicong , Ji Rongyuan , Tian Yuyin , Huang Shenghai , Zhao Chenpei , Leng Lin 
Published: April 2023

Background:
To determine the influence of the magnitude of treatment zone decentration on axial length (AL) elongation and to investigate the association between paracentral corneal asymmetry and orthokeratology (OK) lens decentration.

Methods:
This retrospective study involved 268 subjects (7–14 years) who wore OK lenses for one year. The parameters that reflected the paracentral corneal asymmetry were recorded: corneal toricity; Q value; anterior corneal curvature; and elevation values at the 6-, 7-, and 8-mm chords along the horizontal meridian. The relationships between these data and the amount of treatment zone decentration were analyzed. The relationship of the decentration magnitude and AL elongation was also analyzed.

Results:
AL elongation was significantly associated with initial age, baseline spherical equivalent, AL, and the decentration magnitude. The subjects with large decentration magnitude showed less AL elongation. The decentration was affected by corneal morphology at the 8-mm chord on the nasal side. In the low curvature group (≤41.0D), the decentration magnitude had a stronger correlation with AL elongation than in all subjects. In the high curvature group (>41.0D), the decentration magnitude was no longer correlated with the AL elongation.

Conclusion:
The decentration of the OK lens effectively slowed the elongation of the eyeball. When the nasal curvature was less than 41.0 D at the 8-mm chord, the magnitude of decentration was predetermined by the flatter curve.
Midterm Outcomes of Autologous Glueless Simple Limbal Epithelial Transplantation for Unilateral Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency
Authors: Malyugin Boris E. , Kalinnikova Svetlana Y. , Knyazer Boris , Gerasimov Maxim Y. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to report the midterm outcomes of glueless simple limbal epithelial transplantation (G-SLET) as a novel modification of limbal stem cell transplantation in patients with unilateral limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).

Methods:
This was a single-center, retrospective, interventional case series. Analysis of the 6 months interim outcomes was performed for 11 patients with unilateral LSCD who underwent G-SLET without simultaneous keratoplasty. The primary outcome measure was clinical success, which was defined as a completely epithelialized, avascular, and stable corneal surface. Secondary outcome measures included LSCD staging, improvement in visual acuity, and corneal grading of the recipient eye before and after the intervention. Adverse events were monitored throughout the study period.

Results:
At 6-month follow-up, clinical success was achieved in 9 of the 11 cases (81.8%) and partial success was observed in 2 cases (18.2%). Among the patients in the cohort, 54.5% improved to stage 0 LSCD. Seven patients experienced enhancement in visual acuity. All corneal grading parameters improved significantly. Six adverse events were registered in 5 cases and were successfully managed. An extended scar in the donor eye was observed in 1 patient.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated the high efficacy and safety of the G-SLET technique in the management of unilateral LSCD. G-SLET should be considered as a viable alternative to the“classic” SLET technique, specifically in the geographic areas where the availability of the fibrin glue is limited due to regulatory, economical, or any other reasons.
Postmortem Nasopharyngeal Microbiome Analysis of Zambian Infants With and Without Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease: A Nested Case Control Study
Authors: McClintock Jessica , Odom-Mabey Aubrey R. , Kebere Nitsueh , Ismail Arshad , Mwananyanda Lawrence , Gill Christopher J. , MacLeod William B. , Pieciak Rachel C. , Lapidot Rotem , Johnson W. Evan 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and lower respiratory tract infections in children in their first year of life, disproportionately affecting infants in developing countries. Previous studies have found that the nasopharyngeal (NP) microbiome of infants with RSV infection has specific characteristics that correlate with disease severity, including lower biodiversity, perturbations of the microbiota and differences in relative abundance. These studies have focused on infants seen in clinical or hospital settings, predominantly in developed countries.

Methods:
We conducted a nested case control study within a random sample of 50 deceased RSV+ infants with age at death ranging from 4 days to 6 months and 50 matched deceased RSV− infants who were all previously enrolled in the Zambia Pertussis and RSV Infant Mortality Estimation (ZPRIME) study. All infants died within the community or within 48 hours of facility admittance. As part of the ZPRIME study procedures, all decedents underwent one-time, postmortem NP sampling. The current analysis explored the differences between the NP microbiome profiles of RSV+ and RSV− decedents using the 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing.

Results:
We found that Moraxella was more abundant in the NP microbiome of RSV+ decedents than in the RSV− decedents. Additionally, Gemella and Staphylococcus were less abundant in RSV+ decedents than in the RSV− decedents.

Conclusions:
These results support previously reported findings of the association between the NP microbiome and RSV and suggest that changes in the abundance of these microbes are likely specific to RSV and may correlate with mortality associated with the disease.
Female authorship trends and the effect of COVID-19 on cataract and refractive surgery literature
Authors: Choudhry Hassaam S. , Burton Carter , Garcia Daniel J. , Kumarapuram Siddhant , Parikh Aayushi , Eraky Fareeda , Choudhury Tasnova , Shaikh Amina , Sadek Hadeel S. , Dastjerdi Mohammad H. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate whether gender barriers persist specifically in the cataract and refractive surgery (CRS) literature. In addition, no literature exists investigating the long-term effect of COVID-19 on female authorship in ophthalmology past 2020.

Setting:
Scopus 2015 to 2022.

Design:
Retrospective data review.

Methods:
Articles published in the Journal of Refractive Surgery and the Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery were recorded from January 2015 to February 2022 from Scopus. Articles with only 1 author or where gender could not be identified were excluded. The first author (FA) gender, senior author (SA) gender, affiliated country, type of literature, and number of citations were collected. Pearson chi-squared tests with phi coefficients and multivariate logistic regression were performed.

Results:
3153 articles were included in analysis. There were 910 works with female FAs and 648 with female SAs. Gender did not predict publishing in one journal over the other (P > .050). Women made up less than 30% of authorship of all types of literature, except for prospective/observational studies as FA (31.3%). Compared with before 2020, female FAs from 2020 onward were associated with increased retrospective analysis (phi = 0.072, P = .030) and letters/editorials (phi = 0.134, P < .001) but decreased case reports (phi = 0.087, P = .009) and “others” (phi = −0.164, P < .001). Similar associations were observed for female SAs. Females were more likely to publish in Asian countries. Female SAs predicted an increased likelihood of female FAs (odds ratio, 1.401, 95% CI, 1.165-1.684, P < .001).

Conclusions:
Gender disparities exist in authorship of the CRS literature. COVID-19 has altered the types of literature published by women, but men still publish most of all types of CRS research.
A Meta-analysis of the Clinical Efficacy of the Head-of-Bed Elevation for Patients With Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Che Ying , Lu Tingting , Wang Tianming , Zhao Hairong , Song Xulin , Zhan Qing , Zhang Chengzu , Pan Haibang , Yang Kehu , Wang Bo 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acquired brain injury is caused by traumatic or nontraumatic factors and causes changes in cognition. Several reviews have described the influence of the head-of-bed (HOB) elevation on clinical indexes such as intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). However, the conclusions were inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of HOB elevation in the care of the patients with ABI. METHODS: Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Chinese Biological Literature Database to collect eligible randomized controlled trials published after September 2021. Reporting quality and methodological quality of the included studies were assessed by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. RESULTS: Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that, compared with the flat position, HOB elevation of 30° or 45° can significantly reduce ICP (mean difference [MD], −2.40 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval [CI], −3.19 to −1.61; P < .00001). However, there were no statistical differences in CPP (MD, −1.09; 95% CI, −3.93 to 1.75; P = .45), degree of disability at 90 days (relative risk, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.94-1.08; P = .83), and mean arterial pressure (MD, −0.44; 95% CI, −10.27 to 9.93; P = .93). CONCLUSION: Head-of-bed elevation of 30° can reduce ICP and maintain CPP, and may be an effective noninvasive nursing practice for the prognosis and rehabilitation of ABI patients. Owing to the lack of high-quality, large-sample randomized controlled trials, more rigorous trials are needed to support this conclusion.
Family Presence May Reduce Postoperative Delirium After Spinal Surgery
Authors: Welsch Emily , Vashisht Ayushi , Stutzman Sonja E. , Olson DaiWai M. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Delirium is associated with worse outcomes, but there is a gap in literature identifying nurse-led interventions to reduce delirium in postoperative (postop) surgical spine patients. Because family presence has been associated with a variety of beneficial effects, we aimed to examine whether family presence in the spine intensive care unit (ICU) during the night after surgery was associated with less confusion or delirium on postop day 1. METHODS: This is a prospective nonrandomized pilot clinical trial with pragmatic sampling. Group designation was assigned by natural history. The family-present group was designated as patients for whom a family member remained present during the first night after surgery. The unaccompanied group was designated as patients who did not have a family member stay the night. Data include the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale, the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU, the 4AT (Alertness, Attention, Abbreviated mental test, and Acute change) score, and confusion measured with the orientation item on the Glasgow Coma Scale. Baseline data were collected after admission to the spine ICU and compared with the same data collected in the morning of postop day 1. RESULTS: At baseline, 5 of 16 patients in the family-present group (31.3%) had at least 1 incidence of delirium or confusion. Similarly, 6 of 14 patients in the unaccompanied group (42.9%) had at least 1 incidence of delirium or confusion. There was a clinically relevant, but not statistically significant, reduction in postop day 1 delirium or confusion comparing the family-present (6.3%) and unaccompanied (21.4%) groups (P = .23). CONCLUSION: Family presence may reduce delirium and confusion for patients after spine surgery. The results support continued research into examining nurse-led interventions to reduce delirium and improve outcomes for this population.
Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on Health and Life Quality of Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Authors: Zhou Ting , Cai Wenjie , Wang Weiqiong , Wang Lina 
Published: April 2023

Background
The results of previous studies on the effects of lifestyle interventions on the quality of life (QoL) in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors remain controversial, and there have been several new publications in this area in recent years.

Objectives
To assess whether lifestyle interventions can lead to favorable health outcomes and improved QoL in CRC survivors, we performed a meta-analysis.

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to obtain relevant literature published from January 1, 1990, to November 1, 2021. The required data were extracted and summarized to compare the physical activity levels, QoL, mental health assessment, and anthropometric data between lifestyle interventions and routine nursing.

Results
Twelve studies were included. Compared with the control group, lifestyle interventions could significantly increase the physical activity time (weighted mean difference [WMD], 9.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–18.48; P = .026), metabolic equivalent task levels (WMD, 10.40; 95% CI, 5.30–15.49; P < .001), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale—Colorectal scores (WMD, 3.12; 95% CI, 0.24–5.99; P = .034). However, lifestyle interventions were not noticeably able to improve the fatigue, depression levels, anxiety levels, waist circumference, or body mass index in CRC survivors.

Conclusion
Lifestyle interventions could generate an increase in physical activity time, metabolic equivalent task levels, and QoL in CRC survivors.

Implications for Practice
Lifestyle interventions in the future that include physical activity, diet, or comprehensive programs are needed to increase physical activity levels and improve QoL in CRC survivors.
Long-term Recovery After Colorectal Cancer Surgery Among the Old
Authors: Eriksen Kristina Sundt , Husebø Sissel I. E. , Kørner Hartwig , Lode Kirsten 
Published: April 2023

Background
Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, disproportionally affecting older people. With modern treatment, older people are surviving cancer treatment and recovery. However, only a limited number of studies on the older person’s experience of recovery exist. Knowledge of the experience of recovery among people 80 years or older is essential to optimize recovery and follow-up care.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of persons 80 years or older during recovery up to 2 years after curative colorectal cancer surgery.

Methods
This exploratory inductive qualitative study was conducted through 18 individual in-depth interviews between July 2020 and June 2021. Content analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results
The main theme identified was Recovery among the old is a complex process. It indicated that older people operated on for colorectal cancer may have intricate health challenges that affect recovery in addition to their cancer and treatment. The main theme is built upon the subthemes Individual factors affect colorectal cancer recovery and External support systems facilitate and impede colorectal recovery.

Conclusion
Important resources for recovery among old patients included their own coping ability and support from social networks and healthcare services. The identified barriers to recovery included other health problems and issues with healthcare services delivery.

Implications for Practice
It is essential for healthcare personnel in contact with older patients to be aware of factors that influence their recovery to identify and preserve the older person’s resources and implement health-promoting initiatives to optimize recovery when needed.
The Effectiveness of Remote Video Monitoring on Fall Prevention and Nurses' Acceptance
Authors: Ergai Awatef , Spiva LeeAnna , Thurman Susan , Hatfield Marianne , McCollum Meriel , Holmes Mona 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The use of remote visual monitoring (RVM) technology as a “telesitter” in hospitals can reduce falls and increase the efficiency of patient observation.

Purpose:
This study aimed to examine RVM effectiveness as a strategy to decrease patient falls and investigate nurses' acceptance and perceived usefulness of RVM technology.

Methods:
Remote visual monitoring was implemented within a health system in the Southeastern United States. Falls data 6 months prior to and postimplementation were analyzed, and 106 nurses completed a survey evaluating their acceptance of the RVM technology.

Results:
There was a significant 39.15% reduction in falls with injury (P = .006), and 70.6% of the RVM redirections were successful. Nurses' acceptance and perceived usefulness of RVM were moderate.

Conclusion:
Implementing RVM has the potential to enhance patient safety by reducing falls with injuries and is considered acceptable and useful by nurses.