bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic Analyses of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation Plasma Highlight Cartilage Acidic Protein 1 as a Candidate for Preclinical Screening
Authors: Hulme Charlotte H. , Peffers Mandy J. , Roberts Sally , Gallacher Pete , Jermin Paul , Wright Karina T. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Stratification is required to ensure that only patients likely to benefit receive autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). It would be advantageous to identify biomarkers to predict ACI outcome that are measurable in blood, avoiding the need for an invasive synovial fluid harvest. Purpose: To assess if proteomic analyses can be used to identify novel candidate blood biomarkers in individuals who respond well or poorly to ACI. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) mass spectrometry was used to assess the proteome in plasma pooled from ACI responders (mean Lysholm improvement after ACI, 33; n = 10) or nonresponders (mean, −13; n = 10), collected at the time of surgery for cartilage harvest (stage 1) or implantation of culture-expanded chondrocytes (stage 2). An alternative proteomic method, label-free quantitation liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, was used to analyze plasma samples (majority matched to iTRAQ) individually. Differentially abundant proteins (±2.0-fold) were analyzed from both proteomic data sets, and markers of interest identified via pooled iTRAQ were validated via immunoassay of individual samples. Results: Protein differences could be detected in the plasma preoperatively between ACI responders and nonresponders (16 proteins; ≥±2.0-fold change; P < .05) using iTRAQ proteomics. The most pronounced plasma proteome shift was evident in response to stage 1 surgery in ACI nonresponders, with 48 proteins being differentially abundant between the procedures. Label-free quantitation liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of these same plasma samples (nonpooled) resulted in very few proteins being identified that were significantly differentially abundant. However, this work highlighted cartilage acidic protein 1 as being increased preoperatively in nonresponders as compared with responders. Conclusions: This study is the first to use proteomic techniques to profile the plasma of individuals treated with ACI. Despite iTRAQ analysis of pooled plasmas indicating that there are differences in the plasma proteome between responders and nonresponders to ACI, these findings were not replicated when assessed using an alternative nonpooled technique. This study highlights some of the difficulties in profiling the plasma proteome in an attempt to identify novel biomarkers. Regardless, cartilage acidic protein 1 has been identified as a protein candidate, which is detectable in plasma and can predict outcome to ACI before treatment. Clinical Relevance: Candidate plasma protein biomarkers identified in this study have the potential to help determine which patients will be best suited to treatment with ACI.
Risk of Prescription Opioid Exposure in Children and Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hsu Ju-Wei , Tsai Shih-Jen , Bai Ya-Mei , Huang Kai-Lin , Su Tung-Ping , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Chen Mu-Hong 
Published: April 2023

Background: US studies suggest a positive association between attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the risk of exposure to prescription opioids. However, whether this association holds in Asian countries remains unclear. Methods: In total, 91,518 children and adolescents with ADHD and 91,518 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled for the period of 2001 to 2009; they were followed up until the end of 2011 to determine whether they had used prescription opioids. Results: Children (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.83) and adolescents (HR: 3.44) with ADHD had a higher likelihood of receiving opioid prescriptions than did their matched controls. Furthermore, patients with ADHD had greater likelihoods of cumulative exposure to opioids of >14 (HR: 5.93) and >30 days (HR: 6.07). Discussion: Owing to the evidence of a significant link between opioid prescription use and eventual abuse, close monitoring for prescription opioid use is necessary for at-risk children and adolescents with ADHD.
Abacavir safety and effectiveness in young infants with HIV in South African observational cohorts
Authors: de Waal Reneé , Rabie Helena , Technau Karl-Günter , Eley Brian , Sipambo Nosisa , Cotton Mark , Boulle Andrew , Wood Robin , Tanser Frank , Fatti Geoffrey , Egger Matthias , Davies Mary-Ann ,   and International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) Southern Africa
Published: April 2023

Background WHO guidelines recommend abacavir in first-line antiretroviral treatment for children and neonates. However, there is no approved dose <3 months of age, and data in neonates are limited. Methods We included infants who initiated ART aged <3 months, between 2006 and 2019, in nine South African cohorts. In those who received abacavir or zidovudine, we described antiretroviral discontinuation rates; and 6- and 12-month viral suppression (<400 copies/mL). We compared infants aged <28 and ≥28 days, those weighing <3 and ≥3 kg. Results Overall 837/1643 infants (51%) received abacavir and 443 (27%) received zidovudine. Median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 52 days (23–71), CD4 percentage was 27.9 (19.2–38.0), and weight was 4.0 kg (3.0–4.7) at ART initiation. In those with ≥1 month’s follow-up, 100/718 (14%) infants discontinued abacavir, at a median of 17.5 months (IQR 6.5–39.5). Abacavir discontinuations did not differ by age or weight category ( p = 0.4 and 0.2, respectively); and were less frequent than zidovudine discontinuations (adjusted hazard ratio 0.14, 95% confidence interval 0.10–0.20). Viral suppression at 12 months occurred in 43/79 (54%) and 130/250 (52%) of those who started abacavir aged <28 and ≥28 days, respectively ( p = 0.8); 11/19 (58%) and 31/60 (52%) in those who weighed <3 and ≥3 kg, respectively ( p = 0.6); and 174/329 (53%) in those on abacavir versus 77/138 (56%) in those on zidovudine (adjusted odds ratio 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.0–3.2). Conclusion Our data suggest that abacavir may be used safely in infants <28 days old or who weigh <3 kg.
Low acromial insufficiency fracture rate in reverse shoulder arthroplasty with distal clavicle excision
Authors: Chen Raymond E , Vaughan Alayna , Santoro Adam J , Namdari Surena , Williams Gerald R 
Published: April 2023

Background This study investigated the rate of acromial insufficiency fractures (AIF) in patients undergoing reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) with concomitant distal clavicle excision (DCE). Methods Patients who underwent primary RSA with DCE by a single surgeon from 2010 to 2021 were identified. Exclusion criteria included revision RSA, RSA for fracture, or cases utilizing an augmented baseplate or bone graft. AIF was defined as a radiographically proven acromion or scapular spine fracture. Pain without an identifiable fracture on imaging was defined as an acromial insufficiency reaction. Patient demographics, implant information, and radiograph measurements were compared between patients with and without acromial pathology. Results One hundred and seventy-five patients were included. Mean age was 72.8 years, and 67% of patients were female. There were 3/174 acromial insufficiency fractures (1.7%). AIF occurred at a mean of 9.3 months after surgery. Twelve patients had insufficiency reactions (6.9%). Patients with acromial pathology were more likely to be female ( p = .003) and have a diagnosis of osteoporosis ( p = .047) and inflammatory arthritis ( p = .049). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of other factors. Conclusion The AIF rate in patients who underwent RSA with DCE was 1.7%. These findings suggest that DCE in the setting of RSA may have a protective role against AIF.
The Clay Minerals Group (CMG): 1947–2022
Authors: Kemp Simon J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Clay Minerals Group (CMG), the first of the Special Interest Groups of the Mineralogical Society of the UK and Ireland, was inaugurated in January 1947. The CMG, together with its Belgian equivalent (originally the Comité Belge pour l'Etude des Argiles, later the Belgian Clay Group, now defunct), formed the world's first organizations dedicated to clay mineral research. The CMG celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2022. The Group's aims are to stimulate interest in clay mineralogy, to facilitate an exchange of information between members by providing facilities for reading and discussing papers on research on clay minerals (and allied topics) and to expedite their publication and to encourage practical applications of such research, and these have remained reassuringly the same throughout its history. A founder and active member of both the European Clay Groups Association and the Association Internationale Pour L'Etude des Argiles, the CMG has promoted clay science through the publication of the highly regarded journal Clay Minerals and a series of influential book titles, organizing international and national scientific conferences and meetings, the George Brown Lecture series, providing bursaries and grants to assist researchers and hosting the Images of Clay archive. The initial and sustained success of the CMG has been largely due to the labours of many officers and committee members, some of whom have been recognized for their science and service with awards from the Mineralogical Society of the UK and Ireland and elsewhere. By maintaining this effort, the evident, continuing demand for clay mineral research to assist with changing societal needs should ensure the relevance and health of the CMG for the foreseeable future.
Exploring caregivers’ perceptions of community-based service requirements of patients with spinal cord injury: a qualitative study
Authors: Galehdar Nasrin , Heydari Heshmatolah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of spinal cord injury is increasing worldwide. Patients with spinal cord injury and their families face many difficulties during the disease course. Caregivers are more involved with these patients than anyone else, so recognizing patients’ care requirements based on caregivers’ opinions can facilitate care provision to these people. The purpose of this study was to explore caregivers’ perceptions of the community-based services requirements of patients with spinal cord injury.

Methods
This qualitative research was conducted in Iran from Apr 2021 to Dec 2022 using the conventional content analysis method. The participants in the study included family caregivers and providers of home care services to patients with spinal cord injury, who were selected by purposeful sampling. Data were collected by conducting 14 face-to-face interviews and analyzed based on the method proposed by Lundman and Graneheim.

Results
Data analysis led to the extraction of 815 primary codes, which were organized into two themes: community reintegration (with two categories, including the need to provide a suitable social platform and lifelong care) and palliative care (with two categories, including family conference and survival management).

Conclusion
Social facilities and infrastructure should be modified in a way that patients with spinal cord injury can appropriately benefit from community-based care services and an independent satisfactory life. Palliative care should be continuously provided from the time of lesion development until the patient’s death.
Point-of-care laboratory testing in primary care: utilization, limitations and perspectives of general practitioners in Germany
Authors: Matthes Anni , Wolf Florian , Schmiemann Guido , Gágyor Ildikó , Bleidorn Jutta , Markwart Robby 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Due to their fast turnaround time and user-friendliness, point-of-care tests (POCTs) possess a great potential in primary care. The purpose of the study was to assess general practitioners’ (GPs) perspectives on POCT use in German primary care, including utilization, limitations and requirements.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey study among GPs in Germany (federal states of Thuringia, Bremen and Bavaria (Lower Franconia), study period: 04/22–06/2022).

Results
From 2,014 GPs reached, 292 participated in our study (response rate: 14.5%). The median number of POCTs used per GP was 7.0 (IQR: 5.0–8.0). Six POCTs are used by the majority of surveyed GPs (> 50%): urine dipstick tests (99%), glucose (urine [91%] and plasma [69%]), SARS-CoV-2 (80%), urine microalbumin (77%), troponin I/T (74%) and prothrombin time / international normalized ratio (65%). The number of utilized POCTs did not differ between GP practice type (p = 0.307) and population size of GP practice location (p = 0.099). The great majority of participating German GPs (93%) rated POCTs as useful diagnostic tools in the GP practice. GPs ranked immediate decisions on patient management and the increase in diagnostic certainty as the most important reasons for performing POCTs. The most frequently reported limitations of POCT use in the GP practice were economic aspects (high costs and inadequate reimbursement), concerns regarding diagnostic accuracy, and difficulties to integrate POCT-testing into practice routines (e.g. time and personnel expenses).

Conclusion
Although participating German GPs generally perceive POCTs as useful diagnostic tools and numerous POCTs are available, several test-related and contextual factors contribute to the relatively low utilization of POCTs in primary care.
Optimized design of surgical steps in pars plana vitrectomy for macular hole retinal detachment in pathological myopia decreases rate of iatrogenic retinal break and shortens length of operation
Authors: Zhu Ying , Xu Huizhuo , Wang Xianggui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the effect of surgical steps optimization in pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap for macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD) in pathological myopia.

Methods
A retrospective, consecutive, nonrandomized comparative study. High myopic eyes diagnosed with MHRD receiving PPV with ILM flap from March 2019 to June 2020 in Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were included in the study. Patients were included into two groups based on different design of surgical steps. In the routine group, extension of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) towards periphery was performed right after induction of PVD. In the experiment group, the retina was reattached with drainage of subretinal fluid through macular hole before peripheral vitreous was dealt with. Complete ophthalmic examinations were performed before and after surgery. The follow-up time was at least 6 months. The rate of iatrogenic retinal break and length of operation were compared between the two groups.

Results
Thirty-one eyes from 31 patients were included in the study with 15 in the experiment group and 16 in the routine group. Demographics showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Post-op BCVA, rate of macular hole closure and rate of retinal reattachment were similar in the two groups. The rate of iatrogenic retinal break in the experiment group was significantly lower than that in the routine group (6.7% vs. 37.5%, P < 0.05). The average length of operation was 78.6 ± 18.8 min in the routine group and 64.0 ± 12.1 min in the experiment group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Optimized design of surgical steps in PPV for MHRD could effectively decrease the rate of iatrogenic retinal tear and shorten the length of operation.
Etiology of acute febrile illness in the peruvian amazon as determined by modular formatted quantitative PCR: a protocol for RIVERA, a health facility-based case-control study
Authors: Peñataro Yori Pablo , Paredes Olórtegui Maribel , Schiaffino Francesca , Colston Josh M. , Pinedo Vasquez Tackeshy , Garcia Bardales Paul F. , Shapiama Lopez Valentino , Zegarra Paredes Loyda Fiorella , Perez Karin , Curico Greisi , Flynn Thomas , Zhang Jixian , Ramal Asayag Cesar , Meza Sanchez Graciela , Silva Delgado Hermann , Casapia Morales Martin , Casanova Wilma , Jiu Bruce , Oberhelman Richard , Munayco Escate Cesar , Silver Rachel , Henao Olga , Cooper Kerry K. , Liu Jie , Houpt Eric R. , Kosek Margaret N. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The study of the etiology of acute febrile illness (AFI) has historically been designed as a prevalence of pathogens detected from a case series. This strategy has an inherent unrealistic assumption that all pathogen detection allows for causal attribution, despite known asymptomatic carriage of the principal causes of acute febrile illness in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We designed a semi-quantitative PCR in a modular format to detect bloodborne agents of acute febrile illness that encompassed common etiologies of AFI in the region, etiologies of recent epidemics, etiologies that require an immediate public health response and additional pathogens of unknown endemicity. We then designed a study that would delineate background levels of transmission in the community in the absence of symptoms to provide corrected estimates of attribution for the principal determinants of AFI.

Methods
A case-control study of acute febrile illness in patients ten years or older seeking health care in Iquitos, Loreto, Peru, was planned. Upon enrollment, we will obtain blood, saliva, and mid-turbinate nasal swabs at enrollment with a follow-up visit on day 21–28 following enrollment to attain vital status and convalescent saliva and blood samples, as well as a questionnaire including clinical, socio-demographic, occupational, travel, and animal contact information for each participant. Whole blood samples are to be simultaneously tested for 32 pathogens using TaqMan array cards. Mid-turbinate samples will be tested for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and Influenza B. Conditional logistic regression models will be fitted treating case/control status as the outcome and with pathogen-specific sample positivity as predictors to attain estimates of attributable pathogen fractions for AFI.

Discussion
The modular PCR platforms will allow for reporting of all primary results of respiratory samples within 72 h and blood samples within one week, allowing for results to influence local medical practice and enable timely public health responses. The inclusion of controls will allow for a more accurate estimate of the importance of specific prevalent pathogens as a cause of acute illness.

Study Registration
Project 1791, Registro de Proyectos de Investigación en Salud Pública (PRISA), Instituto Nacional de Salud, Perú.
Efficacy of personalized exercise program on physical function in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis at high risk for sarcopenia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Onishi Akira , Torii Mie , Hidaka Yu , Uozumi Ryuji , Oshima Yohei , Tanaka Hiroki , Onizawa Hideo , Fujii Takayuki , Murata Koichi , Murakami Kosaku , Tanaka Masao , Matsuda Shuichi , Morinobu Akio , Arai Hidenori , Hashimoto Motomu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are prone to muscle atrophy due to inflammatory cytokines and corticosteroid use and immobility due to joint pain and deformity. Although resistance training is effective and safe in reversing muscle atrophy in RA, some patients are unable to perform a conventional high-load exercise program due to disease-related limitations. This study aims to examine the efficacy of individualized exercise therapy on physical function in elderly patients with RA who are at a high risk for sarcopenia.

Methods
This study is a single-center, parallel-group, two-arm, healthcare provider- and outcome assessor-blinded, superiority randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio. A total of 160 participants with RA between 60 and 85 years of age with a positive screening test for sarcopenia will be included. The intervention group will receive nutritional guidance and a four-month individualized exercise program in addition to the usual treatment. The control group will receive nutritional guidance in addition to the usual care. The primary endpoint will be physical function assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at 4 months. The data on outcome measures will be collected at baseline and at the two- and four-month follow-ups. Linear mixed-effects models for repeated measures will be conducted using the modified intention-to-treat analysis population.

Discussion
This study will provide evidence on whether a personalized exercise program can improve physical function and quality of life in elderly patients with RA. Some limitations include limited generalizability due to the single-center study and lack of blinding of the patients to the intervention assignment because of the nature of the exercise. Physical therapists may use this knowledge in their daily practice to improve RA treatment. Tailored exercise may enhance the health outcomes of the RA population and contribute to a reduction in healthcare costs.

Trial registration
The study protocol was retrospectively registered at the University hospital Medical Information Network-Clinical Trial Repository (UMIN-CTR) (registration number: UMIN000044930, https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index-j.htm) on January 4, 2022.
Contributions of age, gender, body mass index, and normalized arch height to hallux valgus: a decision tree approach
Authors: Jung Do-Young , Jung Sung-hoon , Gwak Gyeong-tae 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundHallux valgus (HV) is a common toe deformity with various contributory factors. The interactions between intrinsic risk factors of HV, such as arch height, sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) should be considered. The present study aimed to establish a predictive model for HV using intrinsic factors, such as sex, age, BMI, and arch height based on decision tree (DT) model.MethodsThis is retrospective study. The study data were based on the fifth Size Korea survey, of the Korea Technology Standard Institute. Among 5,185 patients, 645 were excluded due to unsuitable age or missing data, and 4,540 (males = 2,236 and females = 2,304) were selected for inclusion in the study. Seven variables (i.e., sex, age, BMI, and four normalized arch height variables) were used to develop the prediction model for the presence of HV using a DT model.ResultsThe DT model correctly classified 68.79% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 67.25–70.29%) of the training data set (3,633 cases). The predicted presence of HV based on the DT was verified against the testing data set (907 cases) and showed an accuracy of 69.57% (95% CI = 66.46–72.55%).ConclusionsThe DT model predicted the presence of HV on the basis of sex, age, and normalized arch height. According to our model, women aged over 50 years and those with lower normalized arch height were at high risk of HV.