bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Most good papers are published in English”
Authors: Strauss Pat , Manalo Emmanuel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Internationally, most prestigious and influential academic journals are published in English, and therefore a
mastery of the language is necessary to ensure engagement with the international scientific community. There is debate in the
literature as to whether the dominance of English might lead to the marginalization of contributions from academics for whom
English is a second language. The present study explores through interviews the insights of 11 humanities and social sciences
academics working at two Japanese universities ranked in the top 50 globally. The findings indicate that most of the participants
view English as the logical vehicle for reaching a wider audience for their research. Despite an acknowledgement that publishing
in English presents problems from both linguistic and pragmatic perspectives, these academics do not, on the whole, believe that
current standards need to be revisited. These issues are discussed in light of the changing realities of academic environments,
and the need to ensure accessible pathways for those who can and should be contributing to knowledge construction in the global
academy.
Biohybrid restoration of the hippocampal loop re-establishes the non-seizing state in an in vitro model of limbic seizures
Authors: Caron Davide , Buccelli Stefano , Canal-Alonso Angel , Farsani Javad , Pruzzo Giacomo , Barranco Bernabé Linares , Corchado Juan Manuel , Chiappalone Michela , Panuccio Gabriella 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective. The compromise of the hippocampal loop is a hallmark of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), the most frequent epileptic syndrome in the adult population and the most often refractory to medical therapy. Hippocampal sclerosis is found in >50% of drug-refractory MTLE patients and primarily involves the CA1, consequently disrupting the hippocampal output to the entorhinal cortex (EC). Closed-loop deep brain stimulation is the latest frontier to improve drug-refractory MTLE; however, current approaches do not restore the functional connectivity of the hippocampal loop, they are designed by trial-and-error and heavily rely on seizure detection or prediction algorithms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the anti-ictogenic efficacy and robustness of an artificial bridge restoring the dialog between hippocampus and EC. Approach. In mouse hippocampus-EC slices treated with 4-aminopyridine and in which the Schaffer Collaterals are severed, we established an artificial bridge between hippocampus and EC wherein interictal discharges originating in the CA3 triggered stimulation of the subiculum so to entrain EC networks. Combining quantification of ictal activity with tools from information theory, we addressed the efficacy of the bridge in controlling ictogenesis and in restoring the functional connectivity of the hippocampal loop. Main results. The bridge significantly decreased or even prevented ictal activity and proved robust to failure; when operating at 100% of its efficiency (i.e., delivering a pulse upon each interictal event), it recovered the functional connectivity of the hippocampal loop to a degree similar to what measured in the intact circuitry. The efficacy and robustness of the bridge stem in mirroring the adaptive properties of the CA3, which acts as biological neuromodulator. Significance. This work is the first stepping stone toward a paradigm shift in the conceptual design of stimulation devices for epilepsy treatment, from function control to functional restoration of the salient brain circuits.
Potentials and barriers to land-based mitigation technologies and practices (LMTs)—a review
Authors: Karki Lokendra , Lieu Jenny , Xylia Maria , Laub Moritz , Ismangil David , Virla Luis , Rahn Eric , Bilbao Bibiana Alejandra , Indriani Siti Nurlaila , Martin Gallego Pilar , Suleiman Afnan Khalil Ahmad , Schaldch Ruediger , Takama Takeshi , Marques da Silva José Rafael , Johnson Francis X 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Land-based mitigation technologies and practices (LMTs) are critical for achieving the Paris Agreement’s aim of avoiding dangerous climate change by limiting the rise in average global surface temperatures. We developed a detailed two-level classification and analysis of the barriers to the adoption and scaling up of LMTs. The review suggests that afforestation/reforestation and forest management are LMTs with wide application and high potential across all continents. BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage) and biochar have a higher potential in higher-income countries in the short term, due to the availability of technology, funding, and low-cost biomass value chains. Although most LMTs can be cost-effective across multiple world regions, limited knowledge concerning their implementation and insufficient financing appear to be the main barriers to their large-scale deployment. Without considering gender and the rights of marginalised and Indigenous Peoples, the large-scale deployment of LMTs can further aggravate existing inequalities. Therefore, the social and institutional implications of LMTs need to be better understood to improve their public acceptance and reduce negative impacts. An integrated system approach is necessary to strike a balance between ambitious land-based mitigation targets and socioeconomic and environmental goals.
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability modulates the climate impacts of El Niño–Southern Oscillation in Australia
Authors: Trascasa-Castro Paloma , Maycock Amanda C , Ruprich-Robert Yohan , Turco Marco , Staten Paul W 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) modulates El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics. Here, we explore the effect of warm (AMV+) and cold (AMV−) AMV conditions on the austral summer teleconnection of ENSO to Australia using idealized simulations performed with the NCAR-CESM1 model. AMV+ strengthens the mean and extreme precipitation and temperature responses to El Niño in south-western Australia and weakens the mean precipitation and temperature impacts in north-eastern Australia. The modulation of La Niña impacts by AMV is asymmetric to El Niño, with a weakening of the mean and extreme precipitation and temperature responses in eastern Australia. Decomposing the total difference in ENSO response between AMV phases, we find that the signals are mainly explained by the direct AMV modulation of ENSO and its teleconnections rather than by changes in background climate induced by AMV. The exception is ENSO-driven fire impacts, where there is a significant increase in burned area in south-eastern Australia only when El Niño and AMV+ co-occur. However, modulation of ENSO between AMV+ and AMV− does offset ∼37% of the decrease in burned area extent during La Niña summers. The altered surface climate response to ENSO in Australia by AMV is attributed to variations in large-scale atmospheric circulation. Under AMV+, there is increased subsidence over western Australia during El Niño associated with a westward shift of the local Walker circulation. A weakening of the upwelling branch of the local Hadley circulation over north-eastern Australia is responsible for the weakening of La Niña impacts in AMV+, accompanied by a strengthening of subsidence in south central Australia due to a weakening of the local Hadley circulation, amplifying La Niña impacts over this region. The results suggest the potential for AMV to drive multidecadal variability in ENSO impacts over Australia.
Model reduction of Brownian oscillators: quantification of errors and long-time behavior
Authors: Colangeli Matteo , Duong Manh Hong , Muntean Adrian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A procedure for model reduction of stochastic ordinary differential equations with additive noise was recently introduced in Colangeli et al (2022 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
55 505002), based on the Invariant Manifold method and on the Fluctuation–Dissipation relation. A general question thus arises as to whether one can rigorously quantify the error entailed by the use of the reduced dynamics in place of the original one. In this work we provide explicit formulae and estimates of the error in terms of the Wasserstein distance, both in the presence or in the absence of a sharp time-scale separation between the variables to be retained or eliminated from the description, as well as in the long-time behavior.
Effect of Explants Type and Plant Growth Regulators on the Initiation and Multiplication of Vegetative Shoots of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in vitro
Authors: Naeem Neamat R. , Almukhtar Sarab A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study was carried out in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the College of Agriculture - Karbala Unaiversity for the period from 2022 to 2023. The study included the use of explants and different combinations in the sterilization, initiation and multiplication of the vegetative shoots of the Stevia plantiv vitro, the study was carried out in three phases: the first included sterilization of explants (shoot tips and lateral buds) using sodium hypochlorite at concentrations of (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2)% for periods of (5, 10, 15) minutes. The second included the initiation of shoots cultures by cultivating the shoot tips and lateral buds on the MS medium with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5) mg l-1 BA and (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) mg l -1 NAA, the third stage was carried out by cultivating the growths resulting from the shoot tips cultivated in the previous stage on the MS medium prepared with different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) mg l-1 BA and (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) mg l-1NAA. The results of the study showed the superiority of the developing apical in achieving the lowest contamination rate of 38% compared to the side buds that achieved a contamination rate of 40.67%, and the concentration of 2% of NaOCl achieved the lowest pollution rate of 8.33%, and the duration of 15 minutes achieved the lowest pollution rate of 24%. The results of the initiation experiment showed the superiority of the shoot apical as a explants that achieved the highest response rate to emergence of 70% compared to the lateral shoots that recorded a response rate of 54.69%, and the concentration of 1 mg l-1 BA was significantly superior and achieved a response rate of 82.5% compared to the comparison treatment that gave a rate of 82.5%. A response of 32.5%. As for the results of the vegetative multiplication experiment, the results showed the superiority of BA at a concentration of 3 mg l-1 in achieving the highest rate in the number and length of branches was 33.35 branches Plant-1, 8.20 cm respectively. compared to the comparison treatment that achieved the lowest rate, and the concentration of 0.3 mg l-1 NAA was superior in achieving the highest average of the number and length of the vegetative total reached 30.84 plant branch-1, 7.65 cm respectively, while the comparison treatment achieved the lowest mean for the studied traits.
The Effect of Adding Pumpkin Seed Oil on Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of the Mayonnaise
Authors: Abed Hind Mohammed , Luma Khairy H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe current study aimed to add pumpkin seed oil as an alternative of fat in mayonnaise without any effectiveness on the physicochemical and organoleptic properties for those product. The oil extracted from local (Iraqi) pumpkin seeds using the Soxhlet apparatus was 50%. Some chemical and physical analysis were performed. The physical analysis was done such as refractive index, viscosity, relative density, and pH at 25°C, the results were 1.48, 41c, 0.79 and 7.23, respectively. The chemical analysis such as peroxide value and free fatty acids were examined as 1.70 and 0.13, respectively. The vitamins such as E, A and D3 using (HPLC) were examined at rates 28.08, 13.17, and 1.38%, respectively. Phenols also were detected using (GC), the highest result for phenol was Vanillin (13.07%) followed by Vanillic acid (11.69) and p-coumaric acid (12.45), respectively. Whereas the fatty acids like palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, formic, lactic, acetic, propionic and butyric acids were detected in the extracted oil, they have different percentages, and the highest was 38.10% linoleic acid followed by 22.02% Oleic acid and 16.45% palmitic acid. Then, the physicochemical analysis has been done for two samples of mayonnaise made from pumpkin seeds oil and sunflower oil sample for 1, 2 and 4 weeks at a temperature (25 °C). The physical analysis was detected such as pH, solids percentage, refractive index, thermal stability of the emulsion and microscopic structure. Meanwhile, the chemical analysis also was detected such as, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), peroxide value and free fatty acids. Finally, sensory evaluation was carried out for two samples of mayonnaise made from pumpkin seeds oil and sunflower oil. The results showed that the pumpkin seed oil could improve the sensory properties of mayonnaise. Thus, this study was aimed to find healthy alternative fats that have nutritional benefits as well as to manufacture food products such as mayonnaise which was rich in antioxidants could enhances human health nutritionally and shelf life.
Effect of Jelly and Planting Depths on the Traits of Two Barley Verities
Authors: Ali Muthanna Abdulbasit , Khaleel Amjad Thanoon , Al-Chalabi A.M. , Al-Barwary Ary Sulayman 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in two separated environments in Nineveh Governorate, northern Iraq: the first in Telkef district and the second in Mosul district. Each experiment featured the growing of two barley varieties (Var) [Local black (LB) and Local white (LW)] at different sowing depths (SD) (4 and 8 cm), as well as the addition of three levels of hydrogel (HL) (0, 100, and 200) kg.ha-1. Traits studies: plant height (PH), leaf area of the flag (LAF), spike length (SL), Spike No. m2 (NS.m2), Number of grains/spike (NG/S), 1000 weight grains (1000WG), Biological yield (BY), Straw yield (SY), Grain yield (GY), Harvest index (HI). The results indicated that the (LB) variety superiority the (LW) variety in characteristics of (SL), (NS/m2) and (GY), whereas the local white variety superiority it in characteristics of (LAF), (NG/S) and (GY) in both sites. The (SD) show that the depth (8 cm) was superior in the traits of (PH), (NS/m2), (BY), (SY) and (GY), while the depth (4 cm) was significantly superior in the trait of (1000WG) for the two experimental sites. For the two experimental sites, the treatment of adding (200 kg.ha-1) of hydrogel was superior in characteristics (LAF), (NS/m2), (NG/S), (1000WG), (BY), (SY), (GY) and (HI). The majority of the binary and triple interactions revealed substantial differences between them and for the majority of the attributes investigated, as well as for both locations.
Efficacy of Phytoremediation for Methylparaben Removal from Contaminated Water: A study by Alternanthera spp and Associated Rhizobacteria
Authors: Mutar Zahraa Hasan , Al-Baldawi Israa Abdulwahab , Mohammed Ahmed A. , Hameed Husam Kareem , Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh , Ismail Nur Izzati 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the present study, the potential of Alternanthera spp and its associated rhizobacteria to uptake and biodegrade methylparaben (MP) under hydroponic conditions was assessed. The experiments were conducted in vitro using glass reactors of 500-mL volume. The results indicated that the removal rates in hydroponic reactors were significantly higher (66.6±3%) than that of control reactors (<40%). MP reduction data fitted well a first-order kinetics model (R2>0.9). The presence of plants shortened the half-life (T1/2) of MP in aqueous solutions to 3.41 days compared to 34.8 days in control reactors. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of MP were higher for roots (1.9-5.2 L/kg) compared to stems (0-0.5 L/kg). High-tolerant rhizobacteria for MP were isolated from the roots of Alternanthera spp and characterized. It was shown that three isolates achieved noticeable efficiencies in removing MP in a separated biodegradation assay. Of the 3 isolated rhizobacteria, results revealed that Cronobacter sakazakii, diagnosed by gyrB gene, had the highest MP removal efficiency. These findings elucidated that both Alternanthera spp and a specific associated rhizobacterial strains have promising potentials in removing MP even though the latter possesses antimicrobial properties.
Investigation of Severe Dust Storms Over Baghdad City by Using Remote Sensing Measurements and Ground Data
Authors: Attiya Ali. A. , Jones Brian G. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Dust aerosols have serious influences on different sectors such as the economy, climate change, pollution, transportation and public health. Dust storms have increased over the Middle East especially impacting central Iraq lately. The goal of the work is to identify possible dust sources and pathways influencing the study area. Using remote sensing data by employing the monthly average of Aerosol Index (AI-OMI), HYSPLIT model and MODIS satellite to examine potential dust storms sources and their transport pathways through spring season in 2012. The results of aerosol index (AI) values by OMI satellite were high during spring and summer but were low during autumn and winter. AI values are increased in the likely major dust sources including eastern parts of Syria, Kuwait, north Saudi Arabia, southwestern parts of Iran, as well as south and central parts of Iraq. Also, analyses of the HYSPLIT model show possible dust storms sources and predominate directions of dust which can reach Baghdad city including transported dust aerosols from the eastern region of Syria, north-western, western Iraq. The findings of pathways by the HYSPLIT model for possible dust sources are agreement with satellite images from MODIS – OMI satellites (dust storms are revealed by the MODIS – OMI satellites). The information of CALIPSO satellite revealed that the dust activity had reached 18 kilometres to the stratosphere layer. The HYSPLIT trajectories findings for dust storms travel are like to the image of the MODIS satellite.
Assessment of Ingested Plastic Particles in the Guts of Seventeen Fish Species from Shatt Al-Arab River
Authors: Al-Zawar Abbas M. , Al-Shamary Ahmed Ch. , Hussain Najah A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Plastic materials were evaluated in the guts of fish in Shatt Al Arab river from four stations Al-Najebia, Al-Dakier, Al-Ashar and Al-Bradieyha at the middle section. Seventeen fish species were caught seasonally during the study period from January 2022 to December 2022. Projectina microscope was used to measure the lengths of plastic particles for the first time from Shatt fish, their lengths ranged between 0.04 mm to 1.75mm. Different plastic materials were identified in guts of fishes, and they constituted 54.24% fibers, 35.94% fragments, 7.18%. films and 2.61% pigments. Total Density of plastic materials accumulated on the banks of the four stations 638 particales / m2. Four environmental factors were measured, water temperature, oxygen concentration, water turbidity, and total suspended solid ranged 26-33C°;5-6.9 mg/l;1-45 NTU;0.001-0.006mg/l.
Cytotoxicity of Astragalus hamosus Phenolic Compounds on Cancer Cell Lines AMJ13 and SK-GT-4
Authors: Alakiali Aseel Abdulsattar Jabori , Al-Shahwany Ayyad W. , Lateef Ismaeel Zubadia A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAstragalus hamosusL. is a globally used herb for treating various diseases. This work was conducted to find out the cytotoxicity effects of phenolic compounds isolated fromAstragalus hamosusroot (PAR) to introduce a substitute approach in treating breast cancer and oesophageal cancer. Herein, the determination of the antioxidant activity the PAR extract was performed using the method of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) employing ascorbic acid as positive antioxidant control. Moreover, its toxicity on liver and kidneys of albino mice was assessed. The acute cytotoxicity of PAR extract was studied in mice model in addition to two cell lines AMJ13 and SK-GT-4 representing breast and oesophageal cancers, respectively using an MTT assay. The finding of this study indicated that the PAR extract demonstrated improved antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the results revealed no death or behavioral changes among the treated animals. Interestingly, the liver and kidney tissues of treated animals displayed normal features. Markedly, the PAR extract exerted a noteworthy cytotoxic activity against both studied cell lines with IC50 of 1.807 and 6.581 μg/ml, respectively. The constituents of the PAR extract provide significant protection against the presence of anticancer activity. In conclusion, PAR extract may replace the traditional treatment policy of cancer once it fully studied in terms of other pharmacological investigations.
Analysis of Water Harvesting Structures Sites Appropriateness Using GIS-Based Methodology: Diyala, Iraq, as a Case Study
Authors: Al-Shammari Ban , Al-Anbari Riyad H. , Alwan Imzahim A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Water harvesting is an effective technology that may be used to collect unused runoff, therefore meeting various water needs and mitigating droughts. The study area is experiencing severe water lacks, so the goal of this research is to find ideal locations for structures of water harvesting through the use of a geographical information system-based multi-criteria analysis model that employs fuzzy logic with the analytical hierarchy process model. According to the hydrology and geomorphic criteria of the research area, a suitability map for water harvesting was constructed, and 17 and 12 sites suitable for check dams and farm ponds, respectively, were suggested in the regions with high and very high classes. Thus, this study’s findings underline the significance of geospatial modeling in planning water facilities and addressing the water shortage issue in the study region.
Identification of Seawater Intrusion in the Dibdibba Coastal Aquifer, South of Iraq Using Chemical Indicators and Multivariate Analyses
Authors: Al-Qurnawy Lamees S. , Almallah Inass A. , Alrubaye Aymen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Seawater intrusion into the groundwater is a major environmental disaster which affects the environment as well as community. This research aims to analyze the seawater intrusion in the Dibdibba coastal aquifer. In this study, researchers used statistical techniques to examine the impact of seawater intrusion in the Dibddiba coastal aquifer in southern Iraq. They collected 15 groundwater samples from pumping wells during wet and dry periods and analyzed those using multivariate statistical analyses and ionic ratios based on the GIS technique. The results showed that there was a strong linear correlation between total dissolved solids (TDS) and several other ions, including Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl− SO−2
4, and NO−3. The principle component analysis revealed two factor loadings, with the first accounting for a significant portion of the total variance and showing a high loading for TDS, Na+, Cl−, SO−2
4, Mg2+, Ca2+, and NO−3. The second factor had a high loading for K+. The seawater influence was detected in 33.33 percent of the low zone groundwater, 26.66 percent of the moderate zone groundwater, and 40 percent of the high zone groundwater that was studied. Eighty and sixty-seven percent of the groundwater samples, respectively, belonged to the seawater field as Na-Cl type, as shown by Chadha’s graphic, demonstrating the effect of seawater intrusion. Also, during the wet time, 20% of the samples belonged to the reverse ion exchange water field as Ca-Mg-Cl type, but during the dry period, 33.3% did. This is further evidence of the impact of seawater intrusion.