bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic performance evaluation of flame‐sprayed and polymeric suspension coatings from TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Palacio Claudia , Álvarez Alejandro , Mejía‐Roldán Andrés F , Urquijo Jeaneth P , Arias Jhoman , Vélez‐Monsalve Leidy C , Mejía‐Sepúlveda Juliana , Saldarriaga Julio C , Correa Mauricio A , Vargas Fabio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeterogeneous photocatalysis offers an interesting alternative to mitigate air pollution by using materials capable of reacting with toxic gases under ultraviolet light. One of these materials is titanium dioxide (TiO2), and thus it is necessary to analyze and improve its photocatalytic response for air depollution, in order to facilitate its use in surface applications.RESULTSThe photocatalytic ability of the synthesized TiO2 particles to remove nitric oxide (NO) was tested, and it was found that both the anatase and rutile phases present in the samples led to a NO abatement capacity of ≈60% η NO. Two different methods to coat surfaces with TiO2 particles were evaluated: thermal spray by oxyacetylene flame and dripping of polymeric suspensions of TiO2. A more detrimental effect on photocatalytic efficiencies was found using polymeric suspension rather than flame‐spraying as coating method. This was despite the anatase transformation to rutile and Ti7O13 that TiO2 particles undergo using the latter process as a consequence of heat transfer from the flame to the particles during the coating formation.CONCLUSIONResults obtained in this research demonstrate that polymeric suspensions inhibit the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles, probably due to the formation of a polymeric matrix on samples that constrains the action of pollutant and testing factors on samples. However, the thermal method can help retain part of the photocatalytic capability to abate NOx, despite depletion in the anatase content resulting from the heat transfer to the TiO2 raw particles sprayed to form coatings. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Design and optimization of a fault‐tolerant demultiplexer based on nano‐scale quantum‐dots
Authors: Xu Aiqin , Wu Jing , Zhou Guoliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn quantum electronics, quantum‐dot cellular automata (CA) is a technology to replace current transistor‐based technologies. It provides low‐power, incredibly dense, and high‐speed constructions at a nano‐scale. Quantum‐dot CA is a revolutionary nano‐scale technology that overcomes various restrictions in metal‐oxide technology and simplifies the construction of digital integrated circuits. On the other hand, the demultiplexer is a valuable component for optimizing the entire process in logical design. So, proper cell placement and associated clock zone become the most important design requirement for effective logic operation in demultiplexer. Also, redundancy in fault‐tolerant circuits can increase the dependability of digital circuits. However, in this area, the studies are not adequate, and most of them suffer from improper use of clocking systems and inefficient circuit features such as fault‐tolerant. As a result, the current study demonstrates a unique quantum‐dot CA‐based fault‐tolerant 1:2 demultiplexer design. The proposed method is verified by implementing the fault‐tolerant gates and cell redundancy. Also, we look at the layouts' cells, area, latency, single‐cell missing, single‐cell displacement, and additional single‐cell. We also use the famous simulator, QCADesigner, to model the proposed design. The proposed fault‐tolerant 1:2 demultiplexer's effectiveness is also discussed. Sixty‐eight cells and 0.04 μm2 of occupied space make up the unique fault‐tolerant 1:2 demultiplexer. The results showed that the proposed design is completely faults‐tolerance regarding tolerant missing, displaced, and additional single cells faults.
An unprecedented case of cranial surgery in Longobard Italy (6th–8th century) using a cruciform incision
Authors: Micarelli Ileana , Strani Flavia , Bedecarrats Samuel , Bernardini Sara , Paine Robert R. , Bliquez Lawrence , Giostra Caterina , Gazzaniga Valentina , Tafuri Mary Anne , Manzi Giorgio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Longobard necropolis of Castel Trosino dates from the 6th to the 8th century CE. Among the tombs excavated, the skull of an older female shows the first evidence of a cross‐shaped bone modification on a living subject. Macroscopic, microscopic, and CT scan analyses revealed signs of at least two sets of scraping marks. Specifically, SEM analysis shows that perimortem bone‐scraping traces are present on the skull. Both healed and non‐healed defects suggest that the woman has received at least twice intentional bone modifications to address her condition. This is the first evidence of a cross‐shaped therapeutic intervention on a living subject.
Monomer morphology selection rules for an accurate design of bulk heterojunction: An updated theoretical account
Authors: Xu Yi‐Zhou , Huang Jiu‐Chang , Sui Ming‐Yue , Sun Guang‐Yan , Xiao Chun‐Ni , Peng Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTheoretical simulation of film morphology with bulk heterojunction (BHJ) has become a technological breakthrough point for material and performance development in recent years. Stemming from the precision of calculation and the boom of materials, the unified process for predicting the relevant properties of BHJ through monomers needs to be further updated. This study analyzed the sensibilities of environmental changes (monomers, the acceptors of D/A and A/A in morphology) on structures and properties from fullerene to non‐fullerene materials. The results showed that it is inaccurate to predict morphology only by optimizing the monomer through employing a unified process. Due to material specificity, excessive environmental sensitivity could lead to prediction errors. In different environments, the properties of C60 with rigid structure vary greatly. The stability of fused ring electron acceptors (FREAs) is determined by the type and number of bridge bonds (single and ethylenic bonds) in main backbones, where a small number and strong conjugation are favorable. As a result, flexible ITIC is insensitive to the environment, which could be performed using a unified process. This may be the main reason for their excellent properties. This work puts forward higher requirements for the accuracy of a theoretical calculation process, and also provides an updated theoretical account for an accurate design of bulk heterojunction.
Foundational conditions enabling participatory river management in watersheds of two regulatorily disparate states: A mixed methods study
Authors: Burbach Mark E. , Eaton Weston M. , Kennedy Stephanie M. , Brasier Kathryn J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncreasing complexity of river management is driving the need for more participatory approaches in which a wide range of stakeholders inform management actions. The foundational conditions of successful stakeholder engagement in participatory river management include the stakeholders' familiarity with, the trustworthiness of, shared vision with, and perceived competence of agencies involved in river management. We employ a convergent mixed‐methods approach to gain insight into two key stakeholder groups' (agricultural producers and non‐farm households) perceptions of foundational conditions of successful stakeholder engagement in participatory river management in watersheds of two regulatorily disparate states. Overall, ratings for familiarity were often contrary to ratings of the other three conditions. Contrary to previous research our findings suggest that familiarity does not necessarily lead to stakeholder perceived trustworthiness, shared vision, and competence of those involved in river management. These findings are important for participatory processes; for example, trust and shared vision without familiarity may inhibit the active involvement of diverse stakeholders in participatory processes that are needed for improving the management of complex riverine systems. Our findings suggest agencies and groups involved in river management prioritize developing stronger relationships with agricultural producers to improve on these foundational conditions. Agencies and groups involved in river management rated low on familiarity should consider campaigns to increase stakeholders' familiarity with them to leverage the generally high ratings on the other three foundational conditions. Future research should explore these contrary findings and their relationships to active involvement in participatory river management.
Cascade DNA Circuits Mediated CRISPR‐Cas12a Fluorescent Aptasensor based on Multifunctional Fe3O4@hollow‐TiO2@MoS2 Nanochains for Tetracycline Determination
Authors: Lv Yan , Sun Yuhan , Zhou You , Khan Imran Mahmood , Niazi Sobia , Yue Lin , Zhang Yin , Wang Zhouping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHerein, for the first time, the CRISPR‐Cas12a system is combined with aptamer, cascaded dynamic DNA network circuits, and Fe3O4@hollow‐TiO2@MoS2 nanochains (Fe3O4@h‐TiO2@MoS2 NCs) to construct an efficient sensing platform for tetracycline (TC) analysis. In this strategy, specific recognition of the target is transduced and amplified into H1‐H2 duplexes containing the specific sequence of Cas12a‐crRNA through an aptamer recognition module and the dual amplification dynamic DNA network. Subsequently, the obtained activated Cas12a protein non‐specifically cleaves the adjacent reporter gene ssDNA‐FAM to dissociate the FAM molecule from the quencher Fe3O4@h‐TiO2@MoS2 NCs, resulting in the recovery of the fluorescence signal and further signal amplification. Particularly, the synthesized multifunctional Fe3O4@h‐TiO2@MoS2 NCs composites also exhibit superb magnetic separability and photocatalytic degradation ability. Under optimal conditions, the aptasensor displays a distinct linear relationship with the logarithm of TC concentration, and the limit of detection is as low as 0.384 pg mL−1. Furthermore, the results of spiked recovery confirm the viability of the proposed aptasensor for TC quantification in real samples. This study extends the application of the CRISPR‐Cas12a system in the field of analytical sensing and contributes new insights into the exploration of reliable tools for monitoring and treating hazards in food and environment.
Redox Imbalance Triggered Intratumoral Cascade Reaction for Tumor “turn on” Imaging and Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Liu Juanzu , Zhu Han , Lin Leping , Zhao Wei , Zhu Xiaobo , Pang Dai‐Wen , Liu An‐An 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe redox homeostasis in tumors enhances their antioxidant defense ability, limiting reactive oxygen species mediated tumor therapy efficacy. The development of strategies for specific and continuous disruption of the redox homeostasis in tumor cells facilitates the improvement of the cancer therapeutic effect by promoting the apoptosis of tumor cells. Herein, a responsively biodegradable targeting multifunctional integrated nanosphere (HDMn‐QDs/PEG‐FA) is designed to enhance the anti‐tumor efficacy by triggering intratumoral cascade reactions to effectively disrupt intracellular redox homeostasis. Once HDMn‐QDs/PEG‐FA enters tumor cells, manganese dioxide (MnO2) shell on the surface of nanosphere consumes glutathione (GSH) to produce Mn2+, enabling enhanced chemodynamic therapy (CDT) via a Fenton‐like reaction and T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Meanwhile, the degradation of MnO2 can also cause the fluorescence recovery of quantum dots conjugated on the surface of the shell, realizing “turn‐on” fluorescence imaging. In addition, the doxorubicin is released because of the cleavage of the embedded SS bond in the hybrid core framework by GSH. A superior synergistic therapeutic efficiency combined CDT and chemotherapy is shown by HDMn‐QDs/PEG‐FA in vivo. The tumor‐inhibition rate reaches to 94.8% and does not cause normal tissue damage due to the good targeting and tumor microenvironment‐specific response.
Dynamic Reconstructed RuO2/NiFeOOH with Coherent Interface for Efficient Seawater Oxidation
Authors: Chang Guanru , Zhou Yitong , Wang Jianghao , Zhang Hui , Yan Ping , Wu Hao Bin , Yu Xin‐Yao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeveloping efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for seawater electrolysis is still a big challenge. Herein, a facile one‐pot approach is reported to synthesize RuO2‐incorporated NiFe‐metal organic framework (RuO2/NiFe‐MOF) with unique nanobrick‐nanosheet heterostructure as precatalyst. Driven by electric field, the RuO2/NiFe‐MOF dynamically reconstructs into RuO2 nanoparticles‐anchored NiFe oxy/hydroxide nanosheets (RuO2/NiFeOOH) with coherent interface, during which the dissolution and redeposition of RuO2 are witnessed. Owing to the synergistic interaction between RuO2 and NiFeOOH, the as‐reconstructed RuO2/NiFeOOH exhibits outstanding alkaline OER activity with an ultralow overpotential of 187.6 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 31.9 mV dec−1 and excellent durability at high current densities of 840 and 1040 mA cm−2 in 1 m potassium hydroxide (KOH). When evaluated for seawater oxidation, the RuO2/NiFeOOH only needs a low overpotential of 326.2 mV to achieve 500 mA cm−2 and can continuously catalyze OER at 500 mA cm−2 for 100 h with negligible activity degradation. Density function theory calculations reveal that the presence of strong interaction and enhanced charge transfer along the coherent interface between RuO2 and NiFeOOH ensures improved OER activity and stability.
Efficient Targeted Delivery of Bifunctional Circular Aptamer‐ASO Chimera to Suppress the SARS‐CoV‐2 Proliferation and Inflammation
Authors: Yang Gang , Zhang Shengnan , Song William , Bai Xia , Li Ling , Luo Fatao , Cheng Yiran , Wang Diyue , Wang Yanqun , Chen Jiantao , Zhao Jincun , Zhao Yongyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and excessive inflammation is the current task in the prevention and treatment of corona vireus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Here, a dual‐function circular aptamer‐ASO chimera (circSApt‐NASO) is designed to suppress SARS‐CoV‐2 replication and inflammation. The chemically unmodified circSApt‐NASO exhibits high serum stability by artificial cyclization. It is also demonstrated that the SApt binding to spike protein enables the chimera to be efficiently delivered into the host cells expressing ACE2 along with the infection of SARS‐CoV‐2. Among them, the SApt potently inhibits spike‐induced inflammation. The NASO targeting to silence N genes not only display robust anti‐N‐induced inflammatory activity, but also achieve efficient inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2 replication. Overall, benefiting from the high stability of the cyclization, antispike aptamer‐dependent, and viral infection‐mediate targeted delivery, the circSApt‐NASO displays robust potential against authentic SARS‐CoV‐2 and Omicron, providing a promising specific anti‐inflammatory and antiproliferative reagent for therapeutic COVID‐19.
In Situ Quantification of Strain‐Induced Piezoelectric Potential of Dynamically Bending ZnO Microwires
Authors: Zhang Hao , Gao Haibo , Geng Junyuan , Meng Xianghe , Xie Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe piezoelectric properties of semiconductor micro/nanowires (M/NWs) are crucial for optimizing semiconductors’ electronic structure and carrier dynamics. However, the dynamic characterization of the piezoelectric properties of M/NWs remains challenging. Here, a Kelvin probe force microscopy technique based on a dual‐probe atomic force microscope is developed to achieve in situ piezoelectric potential measurements of dynamic bending MWs. This technique can not only characterize the surface potential on different crystal faces of ZnO MWs in a natural state through controllable axial rotation, but also investigate the piezoelectric potential of the dynamically bending flake‐like ZnO MW at different points and under different strain loads. The results show that the surface potentials of different faces/positions of the ZnO MWs are varied significantly, and determine that the quasi‐static conditions piezo‐strain factor of the flake‐like ZnO MW is 0.28 V/%, while the factor was 0.14 V/% under low‐frequency (⩽5 Hz) sinusoidal strain loading. This work provides a significant methodology to further study piezoelectric materials, and it aims to facilitate their applications in piezoelectric devices and systems.
W(h)ither U.S. hegemony in international business research?
Authors: Livanis Grigorios , Geringer J. Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearchers have suggested a transition from historical hegemony by authors and institutions from the U.S. is underway, reflecting an internationalization of IB research. These studies indicate that European and Asia‐Pacific business schools and their faculty members are helping to lead this transition.AimsThis study examines whether U.S. dominance of IB research has truly reached its end, or whether the extent of this transition to non‐U.S. authors and institutions has been overstated. To the extent that U.S. hegemony has declined, this study examines what strategies may have assisted non‐U.S. nations and their business schools to emerge as leaders in producing IB research.Materials & MethodsThis study employs an in‐depth, time‐series analysis of the evolution of IB research over a 45‐year period, 1976–2020, to examine trends in institutional and national productivity globally.ResultsDespite declines in overall dominance of U.S. authors and institutions, the extent varies by type of journal and U.S. impact remains profound through Ph.D. training and collaboration. In addition, novel findings include the emergence of three distinct business models that non‐U.S. institutions have followed to enhance their global rankings in publication of IB research.DiscussionWe discuss the 3‐part typology of strategies by which non‐U.S. institutions have enhanced their productivity and international rankings.ConclusionsKey conclusions from the study, including contributions and their implications, are presented along with considerations for further research.
Learning Analytics in Education for the Twenty-First Century
Authors: De Witte Kristof , Chénier Marc-André 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe online traces that students leave on electronic learning platforms; the improved integration of educational, administrative and online data sources; and the increasing accessibility of hands-on software allow the domain of learning analytics to flourish. Learning analytics, as in interdisciplinary domain borrowing from statistics, computer sciences and education, exploits the increased accessibility of technology to foster an optimal learning environment that is both transparent and cost-effective. This chapter illustrates the potential of learning analytics to stimulate learning outcomes and to contribute to educational quality management. Moreover, it discusses the increasing emergence of large and accessible data sets in education and compares the cost-effectiveness of learning analytics to that of costly and unreliable retrospective studies and surveys. The chapter showcases the potential of methods that permit savvy users to make insightful predictions about student types, performance and the potential of reforms. The chapter concludes with recommendations, challenges to the implementation and growth of learning analytics.
New Migration Data: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Rampazzo Francesco , Rango Marzia , Weber Ingmar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMigration is hard to measure due to the complexity of the phenomenon and the limitations of traditional data sources. The Digital Revolution has brought opportunities in terms of new data and new methodologies for migration research. Social scientists have started to leverage data from multiple digital data sources, which have huge potential given their timeliness and wide geographic availability. Novel digital data might help in estimating migrant stocks and flows, infer intentions to migrate, and investigate the integration and cultural assimilation of migrants. Moreover, innovative methodologies can help make sense of new and diverse streams of data. For example, Bayesian methods, natural language processing, high-intensity time series, and computational methods might be relevant to study different aspects of migration. Importantly, researchers should consider the ethical implications of using these data sources, as well as the repercussions of their results.
Social Interactions, Resilience, and Access to Economic Opportunity: A Research Agenda for the Field of Computational Social Science
Authors: Kuchler Theresa , Stroebel Johannes 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe argue that the increasing availability of digital trace data presents substantial opportunities for researchers and policy makers to better understand the importance of social networks and social interactions in fostering economic opportunity and resilience. We review recent research efforts that have studied these questions using data from a wide range of sources, including online social networking platform such as Facebook, call detail record data, and network data from payment systems. We also describe opportunities for expanding these research agendas by using other digital trace data, and discuss various promising paths to increase researcher access to the required data, which is often collected and owned by private corporations.
From Lack of Data to Data Unlocking
Authors: Crato Nuno 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReliable cross-section and longitudinal data at national and regional level are crucial for monitoring the evolution of a society. However, data now available have many new features that allow for much more than to just monitor large aggregates’ evolution. Administrative data now collected has a degree of granularity that allows for causal analysis of policy measures. As a result, administrative data can support research, political decisions, and an increased public awareness of public spending. Unstructured big data, such as digital traces, provide even more information that could be put to good use. These new data is fraught with risks and challenges, but many of them are solvable. New statistical computational methods may be needed, but we already have many tools that can overcome most of the challenges and difficulties. We need political will and cooperation among the various agents. In this vein, this chapter discusses challenges and progress in the use of new data sources for policy causal research in social sciences, with a focus on economics. Its underlying concerns are the challenges and benefits of causal analysis for the effectiveness of policies. A first section lists some characteristics of the new available data and considers basic ethical perspectives. A second section discusses a few computational statistical issues on the light of recent experiences. A third section discusses the unforeseeable evolution of big data and raises a note of hope. A final section briefly concludes.