bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving high carrier separation over Bi4O5I2 through Ni doping for improved photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Chen Zhuohua , Jin Xiaoli , Lan Qing , Li Xin , Huang Qunzeng , Liu Wenmin , Guo Yuwei , Xie Haiquan , Ye Liqun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction is considered to be an appealing way of alleviating environmental pollution and energy shortages simultaneously under mild condition. However, the activity is greatly limited by the poor separation of the photogenerated carriers. Ion doping is a feasible strategy to facilitate the charge transfer. In this work, Ni-doped Bi4O5I2 photocatalyst is successfully fabricated using a one-pot hydrothermal method. A few doping levels appear in the energy band of Bi4O5I2 after Ni doping, which are used as springboards for electrons transition, thus promoting photoexcited electrons and holes separation. As a consequence, a remarkably enhanced yield of CO and CH4 (6.2 and 1.9 μmol g−1 h−1) is obtained over the optimized Bi4O5I2-Ni15, which is approximately 2.1 and 3.8 times superior to pure Bi4O5I2, respectively. This work may serve as a model for the subsequent research of Bi-based photocatalysts to implement high-performance CO2 photoreduction.
Two dimensional boron nitride growth on nickel foils by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy from elemental B and N sources
Authors: Batista-Pessoa Walter , Wallart Xavier , Vignaud Dominique 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The growth of two dimensional sp2-bonded boron nitride (2D-BN) was studied in a plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy set-up, using independent boron and nitrogen sources. We studied the growth conditions on polycrystalline Ni foils: B and N respective fluxes, growth temperature and time, which are influencing the surface morphology, stoichiometry and the 2D-BN domain size. Using a B/N precursor flux ratio ≫1 yields films with incorporated boron largely in excess and intermixed with 2D-BN. On the contrary, precursor flux ratios from moderately B-rich to moderately N-rich leads to stoichiometric 2D-BN. The optimum growth temperature is found to be 900 °C, a temperature for which the crystallographic quality is improved compared to lower temperatures thanks to the increased adatom surface mobility although a partial sublimation of BN occurs. Increasing the growth time under the optimized settings shows that the growth does not occur in a layer-by-layer mode, but rather by stacking BN domains on top of each other with a rather slow lateral extension of the domains.
Investigation on the moving load identification for bridges based on long-gauge strain sensing and skew-Laplace fitting
Authors: Yang Jing , Hou Peng , Yang Caiqian , Zhou Yunong , Zhang Guanjun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Vehicle loads have long-term and repeated characteristics, affecting the service and safety performance of bridges. Therefore, the identification method of moving load is a meaningful research field. This paper proposes a novel method of moving load identification based on long-gauge strain sensing to solve the shortcomings of weigh-in-motion techniques and traditional monitoring technology. The theoretical derivation shows that the envelope area of the long-gauge strain influence line is directly proportional to the vehicle weight. The load identification is conducted based on this relation. Then, the extremum of the influence line is extracted by Laplace function fitting, which is used to identify the speed and wheelbase. A series of numerical simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The numerical simulation results show that the identification errors of vehicle speed and gross vehicle weight (GVW) are less than 3%, and the overall error of the wheelbase is less than 5%. In addition, the experiment researchers present the identification error of GVW as less than 10%, which indicates that the proposed identification method has excellent practicability and robustness.
Characterizing the fundamental bending vibration of a linear polyatomic molecule for symmetry violation searches
Authors: Jadbabaie Arian , Takahashi Yuiki , Pilgram Nickolas H , Conn Chandler J , Zeng Yi , Zhang Chi , Hutzler Nicholas R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Polyatomic molecules have been identified as sensitive probes of charge-parity violating and parity violating physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). For example, many linear triatomic molecules are both laser-coolable and have parity doublets in the ground electronic

X
˜

2

Σ
+

(
010
)

state arising from the bending vibration, both features that can greatly aid BSM searches. Understanding the

X
˜

2

Σ
+

(
010
)

state is a crucial prerequisite to precision measurements with linear polyatomic molecules. Here, we characterize the fundamental bending vibration of

174

YbOH using high-resolution optical spectroscopy on the nominally forbidden

X
˜

2

Σ
+

(
010
)

→

A
˜

2

Π

1

/

2

(
000
)

transition at 588 nm. We assign 39 transitions originating from the lowest rotational levels of the

X
˜

2

Σ
+

(
010
)

state, and accurately model the state’s structure with an effective Hamiltonian using best-fit parameters. Additionally, we perform Stark and Zeeman spectroscopy on the

X
˜

2

Σ
+

(
010
)

state and fit the molecule-frame dipole moment to

D

m
o
l

=
2.16
(
1
)

D and the effective electron g-factor to

g
S

=
2.07
(
2
)

. Further, we use an empirical model to explain observed anomalous line intensities in terms of interference from spin–orbit and vibronic perturbations in the excited

A
˜

2

Π

1

/

2

(
000
)

state. Our work is an essential step toward searches for BSM physics in YbOH and other linear polyatomic molecules.
Neutral particle acceleration by spatially modulated laser pulses
Authors: Yan J Y , Wang W , Wei Q , Wang P X 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The velocity gain of neutral particles (atoms, molecules, etc) from laser acceleration is always small. A possible scheme to obtain a high speed neutral particle beam is multistage acceleration. However, according to previous theoretical and experimental studies, generally, lateral acceleration is larger than longitudinal acceleration. These transverse velocities destroy the expected quality of the longitudinally transmitted neutral particle beam. In order to realize multistage accelerations of neutral particle, it is necessary to restrain the beam divergence caused by lateral acceleration. How to optimize and utilize these laterally accelerated neutral particles is worthy of in-depth study. In this paper, we use a multi-mode combined laser pulse and a flattened Gaussian laser pulse to accelerate the neutral atoms. The transverse divergence of the beam is well controlled while the longitudinal acceleration is retained, which provides the possibility for improving the beam quality of neutral particles as well as the corresponding multistage acceleration.
Silicon-based subwavelength grating polarization beam splitter with asymmetric directional coupler
Authors: Wang Zhibin , Zhao Mengxiong , Yin Shaojie , Jia Mengfei , Hou Xuwei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a novel polarization beam splitter (PBS) is proposed. The silicon-based subwavelength grating (SWG) is successfully applied to the asymmetric directional coupled PBS, and the research shows that its performance has improved in many aspects. By carefully optimizing structural parameters, the transverse electric (TE) polarization is in a reflected state in the SWG, which effectively weakens the coupling strength, while the transverse magnetic (TM) polarization is almost unaffected. Simulation results show that the bandwidths of TE polarization and TM polarization are 200 nm (1450–1650 nm) and 141 nm (1450–1650 nm) in the extinction ratio of >20 dB, respectively, while the insertion loss is <0.5 dB and <1.3 dB, respectively. The PBS is very robust to the process production. With the manufacturing error exceeding 20 nm, the performance is only reduced by 0.6 dB, effectively solving the problem of complex preparation process.
Influence of ac Stark shift on below-threshold harmonic generation of H
2+
molecular ions in intense laser fields
Authors: Du Ling-Ling , Wang Zhi-Bing , Jin Fa-Cheng , Wang Guo-Li , Li Peng-Cheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The effects of laser-induced ac Stark shift on the high-order harmonic generation below the ionization threshold of H

2
+

molecular ions are investigated. The results show that several sub-peak harmonics generated in the vicinity of odd harmonics are clearly observed. Combined with the synchrosqueezing transform of the quantum time-frequency spectrum and a two-state model, we confirm that the transition between the first excited state related to ac Stark-shift and the ground state contributes to the sub-peak harmonics generation. In addition, we find some fine oscillatory structures of the sub-peak harmonic due to spectral interference. The sub-peak harmonics generation and spectral oscillations can be controlled by the laser intensity and the pulse duration. Our study provides a new alternative way to measure the energy difference of ac Stark shift between the excited state and the ground state of atoms and molecules in intense laser fields.
Performance assessment of a tightly baffled, long-legged divertor configuration in TCV with SOLPS-ITER
Authors: Sun G. , Reimerdes H. , Theiler C. , Duval B.P. , Carpita M. , Colandrea C. , Février O. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Numerical simulations explore a possible tightly baffled, long-legged divertor (TBLLD) concept in a future upgrade of the tokamak à configuration variable (TCV). The SOLPS-ITER code package is used to compare the exhaust performance of several TBLLD configurations with results from unbaffled and baffled TCV configurations. The investigated TBLLDs feature a range of radial gaps between the separatrix and the divertor baffles, with a smaller gap resulting in tighter baffling. All modeled TBLLDs are predicted to lead to a denser and colder plasma in front of the targets and increase the power handling by factors of 2–3 compared to the present, baffled, divertor and by up to a factor of 12 compared to the original, unbaffled, configuration. This improved TBLLD performance is attributed to an increased neutral confinement with more plasma–neutral interactions in the divertor region. Both power handling capability and neutral confinement increase with tighter baffling. The core compatibility of TBLLDs with nitrogen seeding is also evaluated and the detachment window, with acceptable core pollution, for these TBLLDs is explored, showing a reduction of the required upstream impurity concentration to achieve detachment by up to 18% with tighter baffling.
Dosimetric analysis of a compartmental model for radioligand uptake in tumor lesions
Authors: Galler M , Chibolela C , Rogasch J M M , Huang K , Siefert J , Schatka I , Amthauer H 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Radioligand therapy is a targeted cancer therapy that delivers radiation to tumor cells based on the expression of specific markers on the cell surface. It has become an important treatment option in metastasized neuroendocrine tumors and advanced prostate cancer. The analysis of absorbed doses in radioligand therapies has gained much attention and remains a challenging task due to individual pharmacokinetics. As an alternative to the often used sum of exponential functions in intra-therapeutic dosimetry, a basic compartmental model for the pharmacokinetics of radioligands is described and analyzed in this paper. In its simplest version, the model behavior is determined by the uptake capacity and the association constant and can be solved analytically. The model is extended with rates for excretion from the source compartment and externalization from the lesion compartment. Numerical calculations offer an insight into the quantitative effects of the model parameters on the absorbed dose in the tumor lesion. This analysis helps understanding the importance of clinically relevant factors, e.g. the effect on absorbed doses of modified radioligands that bind to albumin. Using clinical data, the potential application in intra-therapeutic dosimetry is illustrated and compared to the bi-exponential function which lacks a mechanistical basis. While the compartmental model is found to constitute a feasible alternative in these examples, this has to be confirmed by further clinical studies.
From Cheerful Bedtime Story to Sad Christmas Film: How Medium, Mode, and Genre Reshape We’re Going on a Bear Hunt
Authors: Hosay Maureen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Despite a largely positive reception, the 2016 film adaptation of the widely popular and acclaimed picturebook We’re Going on a Bear Hunt (Rosen and Oxenbury 1989) has also received criticism. A number of parents have even taken to the internet to share their experiences of children being very upset, and even crying. Indeed, the film has been deemed sadder and more depressing than the picturebook, particularly in relation to its treatment of the character of the bear. Using these critiques as a springboard, this paper argues that they are—in large part—caused by the change of medium and genre. Drawing from Klaus Kaindl’s mode—medium—genre taxonomy (Kaindl 2013), this paper investigates the changes in the medial, modal, and generic dimensions between the two works as being closely intertwined. In order to gain a better understanding of those dynamics, this paper will provide a thorough multimodal breakdown of one scene from the picturebook and the film (textual, visual, and aural modes), and examine how the new medium affordances, multimodal arrangement, and generic conventions reshape the work and its subsequent reception.
Sources of carbon supporting the fast growth of developing immature moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) culms: inference from carbon isotopes and anatomy
Authors: Wang Shitephen , Epron Daniel , Kobayashi Keito , Takanashi Satoru , Dannoura Masako 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Phyllostachys edulis is a spectacularly fast-growing species that completes its height growth within 2 months after the shoot emerges without producing leaves (fast-growing period, FGP). This phase was considered heterotrophic, with the carbon necessary for the growth being transferred from the mature culms via the rhizomes, although previous studies observed key enzymes and anatomical features related to C4-carbon fixation in developing culms. We tested whether C4-photosynthesis or dark-CO2 fixation through anaplerotic reactions significantly contributes to the FGP, resulting in differences in the natural abundance of δ13C in bulk organic matter and organic compounds. Further, pulse-13CO2-labelling was performed on developing culms, either from the surface or from the internal hollow, to ascertain whether significant CO2 fixation occurs in developing culms. δ13C of young shoots and developing culms were higher (−26.3 to −26.9 ‰) compared to all organs of mature bamboos (−28.4 to −30.1 ‰). Developing culms contained chlorophylls, most observed in the skin tissues. After pulse-13CO2-labelling, the polar fraction extracted from the skin tissues was slightly enriched in 13C, and only a weak 13C enrichment was observed in inner tissues. Main carbon source sustaining the FGP was not assimilated by the developing culm, while a limited anaplerotic fixation of respired CO2 cannot be excluded and is more likely than C4-photosynthetic carbon fixation.
MEDIPIPE: an automated and comprehensive pipeline for cfMeDIP-seq data quality control and analysis
Authors: Zeng Yong , Ye Wenbin , Stutheit-Zhao Eric Y , Han Ming , Bratman Scott V , Pugh Trevor J , He Housheng Hansen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Summary
Cell-free methylated DNA immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing (cfMeDIP-seq) has emerged as a promising liquid biopsy technology to detect cancers and monitor treatments. While several bioinformatics tools for DNA methylation analysis have been adapted for cfMeDIP-seq data, an end-to-end pipeline and quality control framework specifically for this data type is still lacking. Here, we present the MEDIPIPE, which provides a one-stop solution for cfMeDIP-seq data quality control, methylation quantification, and sample aggregation. The major advantages of MEDIPIPE are: (i) ease of implementation and reproducibility with Snakemake containerized execution environments that will be automatically deployed via Conda; (ii) flexibility to handle different experimental settings with a single configuration file; and (iii) computationally efficiency for large-scale cfMeDIP-seq profiling data analysis and aggregation.

Availability and implementation
This pipeline is an open-source software under the MIT license and it is freely available at https://github.com/pughlab/MEDIPIPE.
Evaluation of AlphaFold-Multimer prediction on multi-chain protein complexes
Authors: Zhu Wensi , Shenoy Aditi , Kundrotas Petras , Elofsson Arne 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Despite near-experimental accuracy on single-chain predictions, there is still scope for improvement among multimeric predictions. Methods like AlphaFold-Multimer and FoldDock can accurately model dimers. However, how well these methods fare on larger complexes is still unclear. Further, evaluation methods of the quality of multimeric complexes are not well established.

Results
We analysed the performance of AlphaFold-Multimer on a homology-reduced dataset of homo- and heteromeric protein complexes. We highlight the differences between the pairwise and multi-interface evaluation of chains within a multimer. We describe why certain complexes perform well on one metric (e.g. TM-score) but poorly on another (e.g. DockQ). We propose a new score, Predicted DockQ version 2 (pDockQ2), to estimate the quality of each interface in a multimer. Finally, we modelled protein complexes (from CORUM) and identified two highly confident structures that do not have sequence homology to any existing structures.

Availability and implementation
All scripts, models, and data used to perform the analysis in this study are freely available at https://gitlab.com/ElofssonLab/afm-benchmark.
Mountains as refugia in the Dry Chaco: phylogeography and species distribution modelling of the southernmost chilli pepper, Capsicum chacoense Hunz. (Solanaceae)
Authors: Scaldaferro Marisel A , Sérsic Alicia , Romanutti Alejandra A , Acosta M Cristina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Phylogeographical studies combined with species distribution modelling can provide evidence for past climate refugia. During the Pleistocene, the Chaco phytogeographical province (ChPP) underwent changes in the distribution range, and the flora might have found refugia in different habitats according to their climatic requirements. This contribution aims to infer the effects of historical geoclimatic changes on the evolutionary history of Capsicum chacoense, the southernmost chilli pepper growing in the ChPP. We analysed 27 localities with plastid markers and 23 with nuclear markers, covering the geographical range of the species. We performed statistical phylogeography, in addition to current and past species distribution modelling. We found three haploclades, diverging 2.3–1 Mya, intermingled throughout the mountain ranges of the ChPP as a consequence of glacial cycles. According to the species distribution modelling, the expansion of the species distribution occurred during interglacial periods. We found two dispersal routes from south to north of the species distribution, concomitant with the migration routes of birds that disperse their fruits. The spatial distribution of genetic diversity showed the highest genetic diversity values at higher elevations. The main orographic systems of the study area were identified as areas of presumed population stability. Consequently, mountains are priority regions for conservation because they contain areas with high genetic diversity.
Kernel methods for causal functions: dose, heterogeneous and incremental response curves
Authors: Singh R , Xu L , Gretton A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We propose estimators based on kernel ridge regression for nonparametric causal functions such as dose, heterogeneous and incremental response curves. The treatment and covariates may be discrete or continuous in general spaces. Because of a decomposition property specific to the reproducing kernel Hilbert space, our estimators have simple closed-form solutions. We prove uniform consistency with finite sample rates via an original analysis of generalized kernel ridge regression. We extend our main results to counterfactual distributions and to causal functions identified by front and back door criteria. We achieve state-of-the-art performance in nonlinear simulations with many covariates, and conduct a policy evaluation of the US Job Corps training programme for disadvantaged youths.
Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 is enriched at the centrosome in human cells
Authors: Bodin Alexia , Greibill Logan , Gouju Julien , Letournel Franck , Pozzi Silvia , Julien Jean-Pierre , Renaud Laurence , Bohl Delphine , Millecamps Stéphanie , Verny Christophe , Cassereau Julien , Lenaers Guy , Chevrollier Arnaud , Tassin Anne-Marie , Codron Philippe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe centrosome, as the main microtubule organizing centre, plays key roles in cell polarity, genome stability and ciliogenesis. The recent identification of ribosomes, RNA-binding proteins and transcripts at the centrosome suggests local protein synthesis. In this context, we hypothesized that TDP-43, a highly conserved RNA binding protein involved in the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, could be enriched at this organelle. Using dedicated high magnification sub-diffraction microscopy on human cells, we discovered a novel localization of TDP-43 at the centrosome during all phases of the cell cycle.These results were confirmed on purified centrosomes by western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy. In addition, the co-localization of TDP-43 and pericentrin suggested a pericentriolar enrichment of the protein, leading us to hypothesize that TDP-43 might interact with local mRNAs and proteins. Supporting this hypothesis, we found four conserved centrosomal mRNAs and 16 centrosomal proteins identified as direct TDP-43 interactors. More strikingly, all the 16 proteins are implicated in the pathophysiology of TDP-43 proteinopathies, suggesting that TDP-43 dysfunction in this organelle contributes to neurodegeneration.This first description of TDP-43 centrosomal enrichment paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of TDP-43 physiology and pathology.