bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted mutagenesis with sequence‐specific nucleases for accelerated improvement of polyploid crops: Progress, challenges, and prospects
Authors: May David , Paldi Katalin , Altpeter Fredy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany of the world's most important crops are polyploid. The presence of more than two sets of chromosomes within their nuclei and frequently aberrant reproductive biology in polyploids present obstacles to conventional breeding. The presence of a larger number of homoeologous copies of each gene makes random mutation breeding a daunting task for polyploids. Genome editing has revolutionized improvement of polyploid crops as multiple gene copies and/or alleles can be edited simultaneously while preserving the key attributes of elite cultivars. Most genome‐editing platforms employ sequence‐specific nucleases (SSNs) to generate DNA double‐stranded breaks at their target gene. Such DNA breaks are typically repaired via the error‐prone nonhomologous end‐joining process, which often leads to frame shift mutations, causing loss of gene function. Genome editing has enhanced the disease resistance, yield components, and end‐use quality of polyploid crops. However, identification of candidate targets, genotyping, and requirement of high mutagenesis efficiency remain bottlenecks for targeted mutagenesis in polyploids. In this review, we will survey the tremendous progress of SSN‐mediated targeted mutagenesis in polyploid crop improvement, discuss its challenges, and identify optimizations needed to sustain further progress.
Decision‐making factor interactions influencing climate migration: A systems‐based systematic review
Authors: Nabong Emily C. , Hocking Lauren , Opdyke Aaron , Walters Jeffrey P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlobal migration and mobility dynamics are expected to shift in the coming decades as a result of climate change. However, the extent to which migration is caused by climate hazards, in contrast or addition to other intervening factors, is a point of debate in literature. In this study, we conducted a systematic literature review to identify and consolidate factors which directly and indirectly influence climate change migration. In our review of the literature, we found a total of 21 economic, environmental, demographic, political, social, and personal intervening decision‐making factors which affect climate migration. Causal interactions between these factors were identified using an axial qualitative coding technique called purposive text analysis. By combining causal links, a semi‐quantitative causal loop diagram was created that represented factor interaction and feedback within the “climate migration system.” Using this model, we highlight influential feedback loops and point to how intervention strategies may cause downstream effects. This research helps to address calls for a better understanding of the complex decision‐making dynamics in climate migration. In particular, results from our causal feedback loops show that intervention strategies targeted toward economic factors such as financial capital and livelihoods, as well as food security, would have the greatest impact in assisting climate‐affected communities. These results help inform climate migration policy and aid planners in the future to better understand the interconnected system of factors that lead to the emergent outcome of climate migration.This article is categorized under:
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Learning from Cases and Analogies
The Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Climate Science and Decision Making
Spatiotemporal variation of rainfall and its implications on water resources management: The case of Manyame River catchment in Zimbabwe
Authors: Murove Brian , Mujere Never , Gumindoga Webster 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRainfall is an important hydrometeorological variable that affects river flow regimes and the amount of water flowing into surface water bodies and underground aquifers. Changing rainfall patterns and magnitudes contribute to extreme events including floods, droughts, and landslides. Thus, understanding of rainfall distribution is vital to sound water resources planning and allocation to users. Owing to the shortage of evenly distributed of rainfall stations in the arid and semiarid catchments, satellite rainfall products are regarded as reliable alternatives. This study therefore analyzes the long‐term spatiotemporal variation of rainfall in Manyame River catchment in Zimbabwe. Monthly rainfall data spanning from 1982 to 2019 were retrieved from the Climate Hazards Group Infra‐Red Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS). In situ rainfall data obtained from the country's two Meteorological Services Department were used to determine the accuracy of satellite data. Rainfall trends were tested using the Mann–Kendall trend test. The results showed goodness of fit between in situ and remotely sensed rainfall data. There is no significant increasing and decreasing trends in quarterly, monthly, and wet season rainfall. Statistically significant decreasing trends were observed in the central parts of the catchment during the dry season. The changing rainfall trends highlight the need for integrated and adaptive water resource management strategies to avoid adverse effects of floods and droughts in the catchment.
Extracting Us: Co-curating Creative Responses to Extractivism Through a Feminist Political Ecology Praxis
Authors: Owen Alice , Maimunah Siti , Ekowati Dian , Elmhirst Rebecca , Hoover Elona M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, members of the Extracting Us Curatorial Collective reflect on the process, experiences and learnings of co-curating a series of exhibitions and events. We identify ourselves as situated researchers, activists and creatives. Engaging with feminist political ecology as both theory and practice, we revisit how we cultivated care, foregrounding community and weaving connections between extractive contexts. Our collective inquiry, made possible through paying attention to how the emotional and the embodied brings the everyday into scholar-activist exhibition spaces, has allowed us to present and explore different perspectives to the multitude of critical registers through which extractivism, resistance and solidarity are understood.
More-Than-Human Co-becomings: The Interdependencies of Water, Embodied Subjectivities and Ethics
Authors: Bourguignon Nick , Leonardelli Irene , Still Enid , Nelson Ingrid L. , Nightingale Andrea J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we explore the politics of interdependencies through situated entanglements with water. Framing more-than-human interdependencies within feminist political ecology means starting from an understanding of relationality. Drawing on research with waters and communities in Maharashtra, India and the Tagus River in Spain, we focus on the co-constitution of embodied subjectivities with the more-than-human, addressing issues of well-being, illness and ecological change in contemporary waterscapes. In doing so we explore the contradictions, tensions and ethical implications of situated more-than-human co-becomings.
Die menschliche Perspektive im Naturschutz und Wildtiermanagement: Eine Einführung in die „Human Dimensions of Wildlife“
Authors: Straka Tanja M. , Drijfhout Margreet , Kochalski Sophia , von Ruschkowski Eick , Gruenewald Claudia 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDie menschliche Perspektive in Mensch-Wildtier-Konflikten zu verstehen, ist wichtig für ein ganzheitliches Naturschutzmanagement, da solche Konflikte oft über die direkten Mensch-Tier-Begegnungen und deren negative Folgen hinausgehen. Stattdessen handelt es sich zumeist um Konflikte zwischen Menschen bzw. Interessengruppen („Stakeholder“), die verschiedene Ansichten zu Wildtieren und deren Management vertreten. Als „Human Dimensions of Wildlife“ (HDW) werden die menschlichen oder gesellschaftlichen Aspekte in Bezug auf Natur und Wildtiere bezeichnet. Als eine Teildisziplin der Naturschutzsozialwissenschaften („Conservation Social Sciences“) stellen sie einen inter- und transdisziplinären Ansatz dar, der vielfältige Sichtweisen zur Lösung komplexer Sachverhalte in das Naturschutzmanagement einbezieht. In diesem Kapitel stellen wir gängige HDW-Konzepte vor, illustrieren auf der Grundlage einschlägiger Literatur deren analytisches Potenzial und veranschaulichen praktische Anwendungen in Fallbeispielen zu Wölfen, Wildschweinen, Bibern und Fledermäusen.AbstractUnderstanding people in the context of human-wildlife conflict is important for integrated conservation management, as these conflicts often go beyond people and their direct encounters with or negative impacts from wildlife. They often include social conflicts among people or groups of people (i.e. stakeholders) that have different views about wildlife and how it should be managed. “Human Dimensions of Wildlife” (HDW) is a sub-discipline of “Conservation Social Sciences”, an inter- and transdisciplinary approach including multiple perspectives to solve complex conservation and management matters. Here, we provide an overview of frequently used HDW concepts and illustrate their predictive potential with evidence from the literature, while their practical application is demonstrated with examples and case studies on wolves, boars, beavers and bats.
A minimal modular invariant neutrino model
Authors: Ding Gui-Jun , Liu Xiang-Gan , Yao Chang-Yuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present a neutrino mass model based on modular symmetry with the fewest input parameters to date, which successfully accounts for the 12 lepton masses and mixing parameters through 6 real free parameters including the modulus. The neutrino masses are predicted to be normal ordering, the atmospheric angle θ23 is quite close to maximal value and the Dirac CP phase δCP is about 1.34π. We also study the soft supersymmetry breaking terms due to the modulus F-term in this minimal model, which are constrained to be the non-holomorphic modular forms. The radiative lepton flavor violation process μ → eγ is discussed.
Comparison of linear and semi-parametric models incorporating genomic, pedigree, and associated loci information for the prediction of resistance to stripe rust in an Austrian winter wheat breeding program
Authors: Morales Laura , Ametz Christian , Dallinger Hermann Gregor , Löschenberger Franziska , Neumayer Anton , Zimmerl Simone , Buerstmayr Hermann 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKey messageWe used a historical dataset on stripe rust resistance across 11 years in an Austrian winter wheat breeding program to evaluate genomic and pedigree-based linear and semi-parametric prediction methods.AbstractStripe rust (yellow rust) is an economically important foliar disease of wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) caused by the fungusPuccinia striiformisf. sp.tritici. Resistance to stripe rust is controlled by both qualitative (R-genes) and quantitative (small- to medium-effect quantitative trait loci, QTL) mechanisms. Genomic and pedigree-based prediction methods can accelerate selection for quantitative traits such as stripe rust resistance. Here we tested linear and semi-parametric models incorporating genomic, pedigree, and QTL information for cross-validated, forward, and pairwise prediction of adult plant resistance to stripe rust across 11 years (2008–2018) in an Austrian winter wheat breeding program. Semi-parametric genomic modeling had the greatest predictive ability and genetic variance overall, but differences between models were small. Including QTL as covariates improved predictive ability in some years where highly significant QTL had been detected via genome-wide association analysis. Predictive ability was moderate within years (cross-validated) but poor in cross-year frameworks.
The sensitivity kernel perspective on GRACE mass change estimates
Authors: Döhne Thorben , Horwath Martin , Groh Andreas , Buchta Eric 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMass change inferences from GRACE and GRACE-FO typically involve, first, the preparation of spherical harmonic (SH) datasets on global gravity field changes and, second, their subsequent analysis that leads to mass change estimates. This study addresses the second step, which builds on SH input datasets that comprise the monthly gravity field solutions as well as amendments to low-degree components and subtraction or re-addition of certain modeled geophysical signals. A variety of methods have been developed to estimate mass changes from SH input datasets. It remains a challenge to assess and compare different methods adopted by different studies and to understand the mechanisms by which their results differ. Methods are often distinguished as belonging to either the inverse or direct approach. In the inverse approach, mass changes are estimated using a set of predefined spatial patterns. In the direct approach, surface mass density variations are integrated by using a predefined weight function, or sensitivity kernel. In this paper, we recall that sensitivity kernels are inherent not only to the direct approach. They are also inherent and may be made explicit, for inverse approaches. We prove that certain implementations of the direct and inverse approach have identical sensitivity kernels, and are therefore equivalent, under the condition that they rigorously incorporate the same signal and error covariance information. We present sensitivity kernels for the example of four different methods to estimate Greenland Ice Sheet mass changes. We discuss the sensitivity kernels in relation to the underlying differences in the methods. We propose to use sensitivity kernels as a means of communicating, assessing and comparing methods of mass change estimates. Once the sensitivity kernels associated to a method are made explicit, any user can readily investigate the method in terms of leakage effects, error propagation from the input SH datasets, or effects of the choice of the SH input datasets.
Quantitative analysis of fatty acids and vitamin E and total lipid profiling of dietary supplements from the German market
Authors: Zartmann Anne , Völcker Leon , Hammann Simon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCertain polyunsaturated fatty acids with n-3 double bonds are essential nutrients for the human body and are part of the bilayer of cell membranes or precursors of tissue hormones. The most abundant dietary n-3 fatty acids in human nutrition are α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acid and can be taken up through dietary sources such as vegetable oils or fish or, alternatively, dietary supplements with high levels of n-3 fatty acids. In previous studies, considerable variation of lipid patterns and quantities of n-3 fatty acids were observed. In this study, 33 dietary supplements from the German market, based on fish-, krill-, microalgae, and plant oil, have been analyzed. Lipid profiling (LC–MS) revealed triacylglycerols as the dominant lipid species in most samples. However, krill oil was rich in phospholipids and samples containing fatty acid concentrates featured abundant fatty acid ethyl esters and diacylglycerols. Furthermore, total lipid profiles showed considerable variance depending on the lipid sources (e.g., fish or plant oil), which was also apparent in fatty acid analysis. The contents of n-3 fatty acids ranged between 150 and 570 mg/g capsule content (GC–MS) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol and tocopheryl acetate) were found in quantities ranging from 1.2 to 86.1 mg/g capsule content (HPLC–UV/Vis). While our analyses indicated a good agreement between labeled and present quantities of total n-3 fatty acids and vitamin E for the majority of samples, significant differences in agreement between individual fatty acids were observed, as well as frequent mismatches between declared and present vitamin E derivatives.
Carryover effects in a sea star: juvenile resource availability does not compensate for a poor larval environment
Authors: Richardson Emily L. , Allen Jonathan D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCarryover effects are widespread in nature and can link early-life experiences to the regulation of populations. However, for organisms with complex life cycles, it is unclear whether offspring can overcome negative early-life experiences when provided with abundant post-metamorphic resources. We tested this by rearing larvae of the keystone sea star Asterias forbesi, under high or low food conditions, and then reared the juveniles for 2–3 weeks under one of four food treatments. Larvae reared under low food conditions took longer to reach metamorphosis and settled as smaller juveniles with fewer spines. For early settlers (mean age at settlement = 24.0 d), carryover effects of low larval food significantly reduced post-metamorphic size, mussel consumption and growth. However for late settlers (mean age at settlement = 29.3 d), there were no carryover effects of larval food availability detected post-metamorphosis. The differences between early and late settlers may indicate a trade-off between larval duration and the presence of carryover effects. Our data suggest that carryover effects mediated by body size at settlement could determine post-metamorphic survival, growth, and performance, ultimately impacting the recruitment of this keystone predator.
A rare bilateral variant of the coracobrachialis muscle with supernumerary heads and coexisted variant branching patterns of the brachial plexus and the axillary artery
Authors: Filippou Dimitrios , Piagkou Maria , Natsis Konstantinos , Chytas Dimitrios , Kostare Georgia , Triantafyllou George , Kostares Evangelos , Koutserimpas Christos , Totlis Trifon , Salmas Marios , Karampelias Vasilios , Tsakotos George 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The study report describes a rare bilateral variant of a six- and five-headed coracobrachialis muscle (CB). The musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) (bilaterally) and the median nerve (MN) lateral root (unilaterally) pierced CB heads, separating superficial from deep heads.

Methods
The variant bilateral CB was identified in a 78-year-old formalin-embalmed male cadaver, derived from a body donation program after a signed informed consent.

Results
At the right side: The 6-headed CB was pierced by the MCN, while the MN lateral root pierced the one superficial and deep head. CB was supplied by the lateral cord and the MCN. At the left side: A 5-headed CB was identified with three superficial distinct origins that fused into a common superficial head coursing anterior to MCN. The variant CB bilaterally (with 11 heads in total) coexisted with a MN variant formation, an atypical course of the MN lateral root through CB (right side), a connection of the MN lateral root with the MCN (left side) and a variant axillary artery branching pattern (bilaterally).

Conclusions
Course and direction of the accessory CB heads may occasionally entrap the MCN and/or adjacent structures (brachial artery and MN). The MCN compression results in problems in the glenohumeral joint flexion and adduction, and tingling or numbness of the elbow joint, the forearm lateral parts and the hand.
Digitales Energiemanagement im Milchviehbereich
Authors: Bernhardt Heinz 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDie nachhaltige Nutzung von Energie spielt weltweit eine immer wichtigere Rolle in der gesellschaftlichen Diskussion. Am Beispiel der Milchviehhaltung sollen die Möglichkeiten, die sich dadurch für ein Energiemanagement ergeben, erläutert werden. Als Basis für dieses Energiemanagementsystem ist eine umfassende Durchdringung des Systems Kuhstall mit Digitalisierung, Automatisierung und IoT notwendig. Dabei werden die einzelnen Bereiche der Energieerzeugung, -speicherung und -nutzung in der Landwirtschaft aufgezeigt. Als Regelgröße dienen dabei Smart Livestock Farming und regionalisierte Wetterdaten. Aufbauend auf diesem Datenpool können dann Entscheidungssysteme die internen und externen Energieflüsse ordnen. Dabei wird auf die besonderen Anforderungen des Energiemanagements im regionalen Verbund eingegangen und welche Auswirkungen dies auf die Landwirtschaft, die Region und die Gemeinschaft hat.
MDCT-findings in patients with non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI): influence of vasoconstrictor agents
Authors: Topolsky Antoine , Pantet Olivier , Liaudet Lucas , Sempoux Christine , Denys Alban , Knebel Jean-François , Schmidt Sabine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the influence of vasoconstrictor agents (VCAs) on signs of vasoconstriction and bowel ischemia on MDCT detected in patients with non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI).MethodsThis 8-year single-center retrospective study consecutively included all patients with histopathologically proven NOMI who underwent MDCT ≤ 48 h prior to surgical bowel resection. Two blinded radiologists jointly reviewed each examination for signs of bowel ischemia, abdominal organ infarct, mesenteric vessel size and regularity, and ancillary vascular findings. VCA administration (length and dosage), clinical and biochemical data, risk factors, and outcomes were retrieved from patients’ medical records. Subgroup comparisons were performed.ResultsNinety patients were included (59 males, mean age 65 years); 40 (44.4%) had received VCAs before MDCT. Overall mortality was 32% (n = 29), with no significant difference between the two groups. In patients treated with VCAs, the calibre of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was smaller (p = 0.032), and vasoconstriction of its branches tended to be more important (p = 0.096) than in patients not treated with VCAs. The presence and extent of bowel ischemia did not significantly correlate with VCA administration, but abdominal organ infarcts tended to be more frequent (p = 0.005) and involved more organs (p = 0.088). The VCA group had lower mean arterial pressure (p = 0.006) and lower hemoglobin levels (p < 0.001). Several biomarkers of organ failure and inflammation, differed significantly with VCA use, proving worse clinical condition.ConclusionsMDCT demonstrates more severe SMA vasoconstriction and tends to show increased abdominal organ infarcts after VCA administration in NOMI patients compared to NOMI patients not treated with VCAs.Key Points• In critically ill patients with NOMI, MDCT demonstrates VCA support via increased vasoconstriction of the main SMA and its branches.• VCA administration in NOMI patients tends to contribute to the development of organ infarcts, as shown on MDCT.• An important degree of vasoconstriction in NOMI patients may indicate insufficient resuscitation and, thus, help clinicians in further patient management.
In situ measurements of void fractions and bubble size distributions in bubble curtains
Authors: Beelen Simon , van Rijsbergen Martijn , Birvalski Miloš , Bloemhof Fedde , Krug Dominik 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report the development of a novel measurement system designed to measure bubble properties in bubble curtains (i.e. planar bubble plumes) in situ alongside acoustical measurements. Our approach is based on electrical, contact-based needle sensors in combination with an optical system. The latter is used for calibration and validation purposes. Correcting for the insensitive distance of the needle tips yields very good agreement between the two approaches in terms of the local void fraction and bubble size distributions. Finally, the system is employed to study bubble plumes evolving from three different hose types. All hoses display consistent self-similar behaviour with spreading rates increasing with increasing gas flow. The spreading is further found to be significantly higher when the bubble plumes originated from a porous hose compared to the two other hose types featuring either discrete holes or nozzle elements.