bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The links of subjective and psychological well‐being with the Dark Triad traits: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Blasco‐Belled Ana , Tejada‐Gallardo Claudia , Alsinet Carles , Rogoza Radosław 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the specific links that the Dark Triad traits have with subjective and psychological well‐being through a meta‐analysis of the existing literature.BackgroundOver the past few years, associations between the Dark Triad traits and well‐being have been a stimulating but understudied topic in personality research. Method: Cross‐sectional, correlational studies examining these relationships were searched in the PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Meta‐analyses were performed at the dimension‐ and facet‐level to account for the multidimensional structure of the Dark Triad traits.ResultsA total of 55 studies were included (n = 26,252). In general, grandiose narcissism and boldness/dominance related to higher well‐being, while vulnerable narcissism, antagonism, disinhibition, and Machiavellianism related to lower levels of well‐being. Age and gender moderated few of these associations.ConclusionsWe recommend including multidimensional measures of the Dark Triad traits as an essential step to move the field forward.
Effects of cell morphology on the textural attributes of fruit cubes in freeze‐drying: Apples, strawberries, and mangoes as examples
Authors: Feng Shuhan , Yi Jianyong , Wu Xinye , Ma Youchuan , Bi Jinfeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe influence of cell morphology on the textural characteristic of freeze‐dried apple, strawberry, and mango cubes was evaluated. Corresponding restructured cube samples without intact cell morphology were prepared as controls. Results indicated that the presence of cell morphology strengthened the shrinkage and collapse of samples during freeze‐drying, especially in mangoes due to the high content of sugar. Intact cell morphology was found in natural fruit cubes after freeze‐drying by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, making them exhibit a more regular microporous structure, further resulting in higher hardness than the restructured cubes. However, the intact cell morphology negatively affected the crispness of freeze‐dried cubes since it enhanced structural collapse. The freeze‐dried samples without cell morphology would destroy the cellulose structure and form a continuous open‐pore structure under the concentration effect of ice crystals during freezing, which accelerates the escape of water molecules, increases the drying rate, and avoid collapse. Sensory experiments found that restructured cubes without intact cell morphology exhibited greater comprehensive acceptance, suggesting the potential application of cell morphology disruption in the future freeze‐drying industry.
Impact of longevity and wettability of fern leaves on epiphyll colonization in a Mexican lowland rainforest
Authors: Cerón‐Carpio Amparo Bélgica , Pérez‐García Blanca , Guerrero‐Analco José Antonio , Pérez‐Pérez Rosa Emilia , Sánchez‐Coronado María Esther , Colín Paola Martínez , Mehltreter Klaus 
Published: May 2023

AbstractQuestionsLeaf traits play an important role in the epiphyll colonization of leaves. Although ferns are common in forest understories, they have been widely ignored as possible host plants. We asked: How does epiphyll colonization (cover, richness, and composition) differ among fern species depending on their leaf longevity and surface wettability?LocationTropical Biological Station of “Los Tuxtlas”, Veracruz (Mexico).MethodsEpiphyll cover was monitored on leaves of six individuals per species after 2, 5, 12, 16.5, and 26 months. Leaf longevity was calculated from leaf turnover rates over 24 months. Leaf wettability was determined through the contact angle technique.ResultsAll studied fern species had hydrophilic leaf surfaces. Fern species with shorter leaf longevity (14.4–17.8 months) were colonized faster by epiphylls than species with longer leaf life spans (33.9–38.8 months). The area of the oldest leaves was covered to 1.2%–26.1% by foliicolous lichens and to 0.3%–2.2% by green algae. Foliicolous lichens were more species‐rich on Danaea nodosa (27 spp.) than on the other fern species (1–9 lichen spp.). Foliose liverworts thrived on the only riparian fern (3.57%). Only 0.04%–1.1% of the area of plastic substrates was colonized by epiphylls.ConclusionsThe hydrophilic leaf surfaces of ferns facilitated the colonization of epiphylls, especially of foliicolous lichens. The speed of epiphyll colonization was faster in ferns with shorter leaf longevity but increased in all species with leaf age. However, the relatively low epiphyll cover on fern leaves and artificial substrates in our study might be related to unfavorable microclimatic parameters.
Language as a proxy for race: Language and literacy and the nursing profession
Authors: Mitchell Kim M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDefining a nurse as literate is disciplinary and contextual, linked to professional identity formation, and an issue impacting patient safety. Literacy and language proficiency are concepts assessed through examining skills in four pillars: reading, writing, speaking, and listening. This article explores how literacy is not only a practice issue but inextricably intertwined with issues of race, equity, diversity, and inclusiveness in our profession—both in regulatory policy and classroom pedagogy. In making the argument that language is a proxy for race, three cases of language and literacy will be presented. First, the deficit discourse of multilingual student struggle is stereotyped to the presence or absence of an accent, with multilingual student needs often treated homogeneously in disregard of population heterogenous abilities. Second, regulatory policies for language testing internationally educated nurses are discriminatory with testing context bearing little relationship to the language needs of nursing practice. Third, that the myth of “one standard English” results in racist evaluation practices of student academic performance. Recommendations are made for reframing how language and literacy are viewed in nursing education and regulation of practice with a focus on acknowledgment of one's personal relationship to racial issues and emphasizing the need for a change in mindset toward racialized multilingual students and writers.
Responsiveness to long days for flowering is reduced in Arabidopsis by yearly variation in growing season temperatures
Authors: Kinmonth‐Schultz Hannah , Sønstebø Jørn H. , Croneberger Andrew J. , Johnsen Sylvia S. , Leder Erica , Lewandowska‐Sabat Anna , Imaizumi Takato , Rognli Odd Arne , Vinje Hilde , Ward Joy K. , Fjellheim Siri 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConservative flowering behaviours, such as flowering during long days in summer or late flowering at a high leaf number, are often proposed to protect against variable winter and spring temperatures which lead to frost damage if premature flowering occurs. Yet, due the many factors in natural environments relative to the number of individuals compared, assessing which climate characteristics drive these flowering traits has been difficult. We applied a multidisciplinary approach to 10 winter‐annual Arabidopsis thaliana populations from a wide climactic gradient in Norway. We used a variable reduction strategy to assess which of 100 climate descriptors from their home sites correlated most to their flowering behaviours when tested for responsiveness to photoperiod after saturation of vernalization; then, assessed sequence variation of 19 known environmental‐response flowering genes. Photoperiod responsiveness inversely correlated with interannual variation in timing of growing season onset. Time to flowering appeared driven by growing season length, curtailed by cold fall temperatures. The distribution of FLM, TFL2 and HOS1 haplotypes, genes involved in ambient temperature response, correlated with growing‐season climate. We show that long‐day responsiveness and late flowering may be driven not by risk of spring frosts, but by growing season temperature and length, perhaps to opportunistically maximize growth.
The role of freedom of communication in modulating the effect of political participation on electoral outcome in Africa
Authors: Kouladoum Jean‐Claude 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study assesses the role of freedom of communication in modulating the effect of political participation on electoral outcomes in Africa since the turn of the 21st century. The freedom of communication is proxied in terms of freedom of academics and cultural expression, freedom of speech, the freedom to express one's opinion, and men's and women's freedom of communication. After adopting robust cross‐sectional dependence estimates of the Driscoll/Kraay strategy, the findings reveal that freedom of communication is essential for a free and fair electoral process. Similarly, the findings depict that political participation increases the probability of a fair election process and outcomes in Africa. The study recommends that African countries' design platforms in their respective legislations that ensure freedom of speech and expression, and political inclusion with the open debate concerning governance to promote free and fair consistent elections that respect human rights and ensure political stability.Related ArticlesKim, Eun Kyung. 2019. “Issue Ownership and Strategic Policy Choice in Multiparty Africa.” Politics & Policy 47(5): 956–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12327.Nchofoung, Tii, Simplice Asongu, Vanessa Tchamyou, and Ofeh Edoh. 2022. “Gender, Political Inclusion, and Democracy in Africa: Some Empirical Evidence.” Politics & Policy 51(1): 137–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12505.Stockemer, Daniel, and Stephanie Parent. 2014. “The Inequality Turnout Nexus: New Evidence from Presidential Elections.” Politics & Policy 42(2): 221–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12067.
On the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model of electron transport: Low‐temperature optical conductivity by the Mellin transform
Authors: Margetis Dionisios , Watson Alexander B. , Luskin Mitchell 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe describe the low‐temperature optical conductivity as a function of frequency for a quantum‐mechanical system of electrons that hop along a polymer chain. To this end, we invoke the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger tight‐binding Hamiltonian for noninteracting spinless electrons on a one‐dimensional (1D) lattice. Our goal is to show via asymptotics how the interband conductivity of this system behaves as the smallest energy bandgap tends to close. Our analytical approach includes: (i) the Kubo‐type formulation for the optical conductivity with a nonzero damping due to microscopic collisions, (ii) reduction of this formulation to a 1D momentum integral over the Brillouin zone, and (iii) evaluation of this integral in terms of elementary functions via the three‐dimensional Mellin transform with respect to key physical parameters and subsequent inversion in a region of the respective complex space. Our approach reveals an intimate connection of the behavior of the conductivity to particular singularities of its Mellin transform. The analytical results are found in good agreement with direct numerical computations.
Pedi‐IKDC exhibits questionable measurement properties in a cohort of pediatric patients with ACL rupture
Authors: Hansen Christian Fugl , Madsen Maria Østergaard , Warming Susan , Lind Martin , Faunø Peter , Rathcke Martin Wyman , Krogsgaard Michael Rindom , Christensen Karl Bang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPedi‐IKDC is commonly used to evaluate anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency in children. However, its construct validity has not been thoroughly assessed. The aim was to examine the measurement properties of the Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee (Pedi‐IKDC) by modern test theory (MTT) models, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and item response theory (IRT).MethodsThe cohort consisted of all children and adolescents in Denmark (n = 535, age 9–16) treated with physeal‐sparing ACL reconstruction 2011–2020. Patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) data were collected before surgery and at 1 year follow‐up. Structural validity of Pedi‐IKDC was assessed with MTT models. Reliability was reported as McDonalds coefficient omega. Responsiveness was evaluated with standardized response means.ResultsSufficient PROM data were available for 372 patients. The original unidimensional construct did not fit CFA model expectations neither before surgery (χ2 = 462.0, df = 163, p < 0.0001; RMSEA: 0.109, CFI: 0.910, TFI: 0.895) nor at follow‐up. Neither did a two‐factor CFA model with “Symptoms” and “Sports activities” as individual subscales (χ2 = 455.6, df = 162, p < 0.0001) nor a bifactor model (χ2 = 338.9, df = 143, p < 0.0001), although fit indices improved with the latter (RMSEA: 0.094, CFI: 0.941, TFI: 0.922). The IRT models confirmed this pattern. The scale was responsive (SRM 1.66 (95% CI: 1.46–1.88)). Coefficient omega values were 0.866 before surgery and 0.919 at follow‐up.ConclusionsThe Pedi‐IKDC exhibited inadequate structural validity. Neither the original construct, a two‐factor model, nor bifactor models fitted data well. We advise that data obtained by Pedi‐IKDC are interpreted with caution.
Early effects of conservation agriculture on soil organic carbon dynamics of Mollisols in Cambodia
Authors: Koun Pengly , Vernet Pierre‐Antoine , Filloux Titouan , Sar Veng , Seng Vang , Srimongkol Porntip , Tantachasatid Phakphoom , Sen Reaksmey , Pheap Sambo , Tivet Florent , Thoumazeau Alexis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCambodia has faced drastic agrarian changes over the last twenty years with a rapid and massive transformation of the uplands from forest into arable land. Soil quality depletion is one of the main drivers of the resulting decline in crop productivity and increasing production costs in the uplands of Battambang province. The objective of the study was to assess the early effects of conventional plough‐based (20 cm) management (CT) and two conservation agriculture‐based (CA) cropping systems (the use of a single—CAS vs. multiple cover crop species—CAM) on a maize monocropping system using three soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions on Mollisols in Battambang province. SOC content, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) and soil CO2 basal respiration through SituResp® were recorded at a depth of 0–10 cm. Twelve sampling periods were used over the growth period of the cover crops and during the maize cycle. POXC and SituResp® were highly sensitive to management practices with, across the 12 sampling periods, higher values (p < .05) under CA than CT, with an average increase of 6% and from 20% to 23%, respectively. No difference was observed in SOC content between the practices in our sampling periods. Seasonal variations were observed in both POXC and SituResp®. POXC underwent larger fluctuations following critical weather events than SituResp®. This study showed that POXC and SituResp® were rapidly sensitive to changes in agricultural management practices. POXC and SituResp® are largely influenced by seasonality and could help clarify the impact of weather patterns on soil C dynamics.
Innovation, Competitive Advantage and Export Performance: A Study of Pakistani Manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Ayaz Muhammad Sohail , Chelliah Shankar 
Published: May 2023

This study examines the innovation practice as a key component to gain a competitive advantage to pursue export performance. Data were collected through questionnaires from 364 Pakistani manufacturing SMEs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) by operating Smart PLS-4 was used for data analysis. The findings showed that both directly and indirectly, innovation has a positive and significant impact on the export performance of SMEs in Pakistan. Additionally, competitive advantage has also been found as a mediator between innovation and export performance. The results signify an improvement in the firm’s innovation as well as sustaining competitive benefit so one can boost the export overall performance of Pakistani SMEs. This study is important to generate beneficial knowledge and insight regarding the appropriate and specific explanation for a firm’s CEOs/managers to enhance innovation along with maintaining a competitive advantage for the enhancement of the company's export performance particularly in the context of Pakistan. Consequently, this has a look at suggests a particular and beneficial avenue for companies to effectively improve innovation that is very important to gain a competitive edge for firms around the globe.
Desafios da Dimensão Técnico Operativa do Serviço Social na Luta Contra a Desumanização das Classes Subalternas na Política Educacional do CAP-UFPE
Authors: Pereira da Silva Uchôa Renata , De Barros Ana Maria , Da Silva Clemente Flávia 
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho se fundamenta no método teórico-metodológico do materialismo histórico dialético, é caracterizado como uma pesquisa qualitativa e de campo, desenvolvida no Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAp-UFPE), a partir de um levantamento documental e bibliográfico, baseado em relatórios institucionais do Serviço Social e também de informações no Portal da Transparência. A análise de conteúdo permitiu reflexões sobre as condições da oferta de educação pública vigente no (des) governo Bolsonaro entre 2018-2021, evidenciando o projeto de desumanização das classes subalternas, o desmonte e o desfinanciamento da política educacional. Os desafios enfrentados na política pública educacional, trouxe prejuízos à formação do cidadão, violação do direito à educação, agravados Pandemia de Covid-19 no estado de Pernambuco, diante do contexto de crise e do aumento da desigualdade educacional e social, com o propósito escancarado de ampliar e naturalizar a segregação social e o processo de reprodução das relações sociais, de exploração de uma classe sobre a outra. Buscou-se evidenciar os desafios enfrentados na dimensão técnico-operativa do Serviço Social e as estratégias de enfrentamento adotadas diante da precarização do trabalho, para atribui respostas às questões sociais, agravadas no marco temporal pesquisado, além de combater conservadorismo, o autoritarismo e a desumanização.
A Right-Hand Side Function Surrogate Model-Based Method for the Black-Box Dynamic Optimization Problem
Authors: Zhang Qi , Wu Yizhong , Qiao Ping , Lu Li , Xia Zhehao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
When solving the black-box dynamic optimization problem (BDOP) in the sophisticated dynamic system, the finite difference technique requires significant computational efforts on numerous expensive system simulations to provide approximate numerical Jacobian information for the gradient-based optimizer. To save computational budget, this work introduces a BDOP solving framework based on the right-hand side (RHS) function surrogate model (RHSFSM), in which the RHS derivative functions of the state equation are approximated by the surrogate models, and the Jacobian information is provided by inexpensive estimations of RHSFSM rather than the original time-consuming system evaluations. Meanwhile, the sampling strategies applicable to the construction of RHSFSM are classified into three categories: direct, indirect, and hybrid sampling strategy, and the properties of these strategies are analyzed and compared. Furthermore, to assist the RHSFSM-based BDOP solving framework search for the optimum efficiently, a novel dynamic hybrid sampling strategy is proposed to update RHSFSM sequentially. Finally, two dynamic optimization examples and a co-design example of a horizontal axis wind turbine illustrate that the RHSFSM-based BDOP solving framework integrated with the proposed dynamic hybrid sampling strategy not only solves the BDOP efficiently but also achieves the optimal solution robustly and reliably compared to other sampling strategies.
Conceptual Design of a Novel Particle-Based Soft Grasping Gripper
Authors: Chen Qianyi , Schott Dingena , Jovanova Jovana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Soft grippers show adaptability and flexibility in grasping irregularly shaped and fragile objects. However, the low loading capacity and less deformation limit the soft gripper for developing large-scale applications. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new concept of a soft actuator with engineered smart particles. The proposed soft actuator is a dual-chamber programmable structure made from an elastic membrane filled with different particles, which can be driven by expanding particle volume or flexible membrane shrinking. Compared to traditional pneumatic or particle-jamming actuators, we use a combination of granular materials and smart materials, which delivers better active performances of large-scale deformation and variable stiffness. The coupled numerical model of the discrete element method and the finite element method is used to demonstrate the concept. The results indicated that the proposed soft gripper achieves the functionality of large deformation by a shrinking membrane or expanding particles. By controlling different design parameters, the actuator bends up to 138 deg, and the stiffness is up to a maximum of nine times of the pneumatic actuator. Additionally, the bending angle and deflections of the gripper actuator first increase and then drop down with increasing particle diameter ratio, actuator length, and elastic modulus of membrane material. Hence, the choice of different parameters must be in a specific range to achieve the required deformation. In conclusion, the soft-grasping gripper actuator can realize large bending deformation and shows potential for developing soft grippers in multi-scale physical scenarios.
Design of a 2RRU-RRS Parallel Kinematic Mechanism for an Inner-Cavity Machining Hybrid Robot
Authors: Xu Lingmin , Chai Xinxue , Ding Ye 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article presents a hybrid robot for machining the inner cavity of large-scale workpiece, and it is composed of three parts: a mobile device with 1T degree-of-freedom (DoF), a serial module with 1R1T DoFs, and a 2RRU-RRS parallel kinematic mechanism (PKM) with 2R1T DoFs. The 2RRU-RRS PKM has some advantages with a folding structure, only one S joint, two certain rotational axes, and all the fixed actuators. In this article, the conceptual design, theoretical kinematic and dynamic modeling, performance evaluation, and optimization of the parallel system are investigated. A 3D printing model is built to demonstrate the application potential. This article plays an exemplary role in the design of inner-cavity machining hybrid robots.