bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sibling leadership
Authors: Parker Val 
Published: January 2025

In our world today, with rare exceptions, we have become accustomed to a form of leadership in which we promote our leaders into isolated parental positions, relying on them to make decisions for us and clear up the mess when things go wrong. But expecting our leaders to behave as though they are above us will inevitably set up power dynamics which can stifle collaboration and diminish our creativity and independence. In this paper I argue that if our leaders are encouraged to work alongside their teams as nominated and responsible siblings rather than overbearing parents, they will be better equipped to foster cooperative and respectful teamwork and deal more effectively and creatively with rivalry and competition.
Comparative Efficacy of AI LLMs in Clinical Social Work: ChatGPT-4, Gemini, Copilot
Authors: Taşkıran Tepe Hacer , Aslantürk Hüsnünur 
Published: January 2025

Purpose This study examines the comparative efficacy of three AI large language models (LLMs)—ChatGPT-4, Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot—in clinical social work. Method By presenting scenarios of varying complexities, the study assessed their performance using the Ateşman Readability Index and a Likert-type accuracy scale. Results Results showed that Gemini had the highest accuracy, while Microsoft Copilot excelled in readability. Significant differences were found in accuracy scores ( p = .003), although readability differences were not statistically significant ( p = .054). No correlation was found between case complexity and either accuracy or readability. Discussion Despite the differences, none of the models fully met all accuracy standards, indicating areas for further improvement. The findings suggest that while LLMs offer promise in social work, they require refinement to better meet the field's needs.
Association of endovascular thrombectomy volume and outcomes in acute ischemic stroke: A National Inpatient Sample Study
Authors: Fry Lane , Brake Aaron , Heskett Cody , De Stefano Frank A. , Williams Ari , Majo Nashaat , Lei Catherine , Alkiswani Abdul-Rahman , Le Kevin , Rouse Adam G. , Peterson Jeremy , Ebersole Koji 
Published: January 2025

Background Previous studies suggest a positive relationship between higher hospital endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) volume and improved outcomes. We investigated this association using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2016 to 2020. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of the NIS examined the relationship between hospital EVT volume and outcomes. Data on clinical and demographic variables were collected. Outcomes included favorable functional outcome (discharge home without assistance), inpatient mortality, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Hospitals in the top quintile of annual EVT volume were classified as high-volume centers. We conducted univariate, multivariate, nearest neighbor matched analysis, and an exploratory analysis to identify annual EVT volume cutoffs. Results Among 114,640 patients with EVT, 24,415 (21.3%) were treated at high-volume centers. High-volume centers had higher rates of favorable functional outcomes in univariate (odds ratio (OR) 1.20, p < 0.001), multivariate (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.19, p = 0.003), and matched analysis (OR 1.14, p = 0.028). Before matching, inpatient mortality was lower in high-volume centers (OR 0.83, p < 0.001), but this difference was not significant in univariate and matched analyses. No differences in ICH were observed. Functional benefit was noted at ≥ 50 EVTs annually, with centers performing  ≥ 175 EVTs showing significantly higher benefits (aOR 1.42, p = 0.002). Conclusions Increased hospital EVT volume is associated with modestly improved functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Functional improvements are evident at ≥ 50 EVTs annually and increase with higher case volumes, without associated increases in inpatient mortality or ICH.
User-centred design of ChestCare: mHealth app for pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD; a mixed-methods sequential approach
Authors: Ghaben Suad J. , Mat Ludin Arimi Fitri , Mohamad Ali Nazlena , Singh Devinder Kaur Ajit 
Published: January 2025

Background The increasing prevalence and burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), the challenges in implementing pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs and the limited availability of alternatives and supportive programs to serve patients with COPD necessitate the development of pulmonary telerehabilitation (PTR) systems to provide patients with COPD with PR programs. Objective This study aimed to design and develop the ChestCare mobile Health app using user-centred design (UCD) approach. Thus, it provided PTR for patients with COPD, enhancing their self-management of symptoms and improving their compliance with PR programs. Methods In this mixed-methods sequential research, we deployed the UCD iterative design through the prototype app design and development sequence. The first phase was built based on the results of a previous needs assessment study and an analysis of related apps. This produced the initial mock-up, the foundation for the focus group discussions with physiotherapists and patients. Six physiotherapists with cardiorespiratory specialisation evaluated each app module and item of the latest mock-up using the content validity index (CVI) document. The I-CVI (S-CVI/Ave) and (S-CVI/UA) were computed. Qualitative and quantitative data were integrated, and decisions were made by comparing their results. Results The UCD iterative design through sequential MMR has generated four mock-up app versions. The latest version identified 13 modules through 150 items validated by six experts using a CVI document. The I-CVI calculation of 145 items was 1, while 0.83 for the remaining items, was within accepted values. The S-CVI scored 99.4, indicating an overall validity of the ChestCare app as a PTR system for patients with COPD. Conclusions The development and validation of the ChestCare app resulted from conducting UCD iterative design and sequential MMR, which identified 13 functionalities, including symptom assessment, tracking lung volume, functional capacity test, action plan, intervention program, COPD education, COPD community, monitoring and reminders.
The Superior Glenoid Humeral Ligament’s Role in Superior Labrum Anterior-Posterior Lesions and Subtype Classification Based on Arthroscopic Views: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study
Authors: Peng Ye , Zhang Fei , Fu Yangmu , Qi Wei , Li Ji , Luo Jiwei , Liu Xinwei , Tang Xin , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2025

Background: Superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions are common shoulder injuries. The 10-type classification system has been widely used to diagnose SLAP lesions since it was proposed. However, growing evidence from arthroscopic studies indicates the existence of many SLAP lesions, especially those associated with superior glenoid humeral ligament (SGHL) injuries, that were not included in the initial classification. Purpose: To introduce a SLAP classification associated with SGHL injury based on arthroscopic views and discuss the injury mechanism and corresponding treatment options. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients with SLAP lesions who underwent shoulder arthroscopic surgical treatment between June 2011 and January 2017 in 6 level 1 centers were evaluated in this study. Preoperative radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging scans were used to diagnose SLAP lesions, and arthroscopic views from the standard posterior portal were recorded. The traditional 10-type classification system for SLAP was used to classify these cases. A classification method for SLAP lesions associated with SGHL injury was introduced. This classification system was investigated by 4 observers to evaluate inter- and intraobserver reliability (kappa coefficient [κ]). Results: A total of 828 patients were included in this analysis; 61 patients (7.4%) could not be classified by the 10-type traditional classification, and 44 patients (5.3%) had SGHL lesions. A novel classification for 3 subtypes of SLAP with SGHL lesions was introduced. The mean κ value of the interobserver reliability for the classification approach was 0.796 (range, 0.678-0.854), indicating substantial agreement. The mean κ value for the intraobserver reliability was 0.883 (range, 0.779-0.964), indicating excellent agreement. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a novel classification system for SLAP lesions associated with SGHL injury by introducing a series of cases with characteristics that showed high inter- and intraobserver reliability. Such cases have not been reported before, and the classification correlates with surgical treatment. This classification may be used as a supplement to the traditional 10-type classification.
The incidence of radiologically verified community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalisation in adults living in southern Sweden, 2016-2018: a population-based study
Authors: Rünow Elisabeth , Valeur Frida , Torisson Gustav , Hansen Karin , Theilacker Christian , Riesbeck Kristian , Ahl Jonas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was one of the most common causes of death in the European Union in 2017. Severity and mortality of CAP increase with age and an aging European population will require increased planning for prevention, control, and management of CAP. The purpose of this study was to provide an updated population-based estimate of the incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization in Northern Europe.

Method
We conducted a retrospective cohort study estimating the population-based incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization. Adults residing in Southern Sweden admitted between September 2016 and September 2018 with radiographically confirmed CAP and a primary discharge diagnosis consistent with pneumonia were identified by retrospective medical chart review. Incidence rates were stratified by age and sex.

Results
We identified 1,575 episodes of CAP in 1,471 unique individuals, accounting for 45% of the total eligible patient population. The crude incidence rate of CAP requiring hospitalization was 259 (95% CI: 246–272) and age-standardized rate was 294 (95% CI: 280–309) per 100,000 person-years. Among those aged 80 years and older, hospitalization rate was 17 times higher vs those aged 18–64 years, yielding an IRR 17.4 (95% CI: 15.4–19.7). Males aged ≥ 80 years had a 57% increased risk of CAP requiring hospitalization compared to women ≥ 80 years, resulting in an IRR of 1.57 (95% CI: 1.33–1.85). The lowest in-hospital case-fatality risk was among the 18–64 years group 3.4% (n = 16), and highest among those ≥ 80 years 8.1% (n = 46).

Conclusion
We found that the incidence and mortality of CAP requiring hospitalization in adults are considerable. Preventive measures are needed that target older adults and those at increased risk of CAP.
Changes in sensor recorded activity patterns and neuropsychiatric symptoms after deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease: 5 case reports
Authors: Bruhin Lena C. , Single Michael , Naef Aileen C. , Petermann Katrin , Sousa Mario , Castelli Matilde , Debove Ines , Maradan-Gachet Marie E. , Magalhães Andreia D. , Diamantaras Andreas A. , Lachenmayer M. Lenard , Tinkhauser Gerd , Waskönig Julia , el Achkar Christopher M. , Lemkaddem Alia , Lemay Mathieu , Krack Paul , Nef Tobias , Amstutz Deborah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on neuropsychiatric symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remain debated. Sensor technology might help to objectively assess behavioural changes after STN-DBS.

Case presentation
5 PD patients were assessed 1 before and 5 months after STN-DBS with the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III in the medication ON (plus postoperatively stimulation ON) condition, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Behaviors in Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale present version, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Starkstein Apathy Scale. Steps taken per hour, nighttime spent in bed and time spent outside were monitored with a smartwatch and ambient sensors placed in patient homes for an average of 20 days pre- and postoperatively. Postoperative improvement in ICDs and concomitant anxious-depressive symptoms was observed in 3 patients and was accompanied by a decrease in steps taken per hour, as well as an increase in nighttime spent in bed. In the two patients without baseline ICDs, mild anxiety and apathy improved postoperatively, and no new neuropsychiatric symptoms occurred. Steps taken per hour did not decrease in these cases and nighttime spent in bed improved in one of the patients, but decreased in the other, who had experienced pain during OFF-phases at night before STN-DBS.

Conclusion
Changes in neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated with distinct activity patterns after STN-DBS, and wearable and ambient sensors may aid to capture those gradual shifts in behavior.
Becoming a new parent during the pandemic: experiences of pregnancy, birth, and the postnatal period
Authors: Blakey Emma , Kuria Daniel , McGillion Michelle , Scott Fiona 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
New parenthood in ordinary times can be a vulnerable and unpredictable time. The Covid-19 pandemic brought additional, unprecedented changes to policy and practice that drastically impacted on the experiences of parents. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of the experiences of new parents during the pandemic by qualitatively analysing their experiences. New parents from the UK (N = 303; female = 296; male = 7) responded to a survey conducted between 2021–2022 asking about experiences of pregnancy, birth and the postnatal period. Responses were analysed thematically, taking an interpretivist approach, and drawing across the three time periods. Parents reported conflicting feelings, negative feelings and silver linings cutting across eight themes, including: impacts on well-being, feeling without a village, changes to healthcare, atypical social experiences as a new parent, differential impacts on financial and working lives, conflicting feelings around digital technology, anger and worry regarding contradictory government guidance and recommendations for other parents. The findings offer much needed insights into the experiences of new parents during this time and provide some context to the documented elevated levels of perinatal mental health difficulties in new parents during the pandemic. We suggest key recommendations going forwards in the care of new parents now, and in times of future national crisis.
Aging towards walkable futures: insights from a multidisciplinary workshop held in Barcelona, Spain
Authors: Vall-Garcia Enric , Delgado-Ortiz Laura , Alcock Lisa , Coll-Planas Laura , García-Navarro José Augusto , Iwarsson Susanne , Jansà Josep Maria , Jansen Carl-Philipp , Koch Sarah , Schwartz Simon , Rantakokko Merja , Sarukhan Adelaida , van Staalduinen Willeke , Rochester Lynn , Garcia-Aymerich Judith 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The aging of the world’s population and the increase in sedentary lifestyles are leading to an increase in walking impairments at older ages. Here, we aimed to comprehensively discuss walking in the context of an aging population; and identify and agree on a list of future research priorities and policy actions.

Methods
We followed a participatory approach and held a multidisciplinary two-day workshop on October, 2023 in Barcelona, Spain, with experts in the fields of aging and walking, and participants from the general public.

Results
A total of 56 national and international participants, from a multidisciplinary background, joined the workshop. They had a median age of 40 years (range 24–83), and 62% were female. Participants discussed the meaning of walking from different perspectives and its change with age and in the presence of diverse mobility-impairing conditions; the emotional and social components of walking; and the role of the environment in walking. Participants identified unmet needs, research priorities and policy actions related to walking in older ages.

Conclusions
This two-day workshop provided a space for professionals and public to comprehensively discuss walking at older ages. Participants highlighted the relevance of a better and more comprehensive assessment of walking; the need to shift focus towards comprehensive health that considers physical, emotional and social aspects as well as individuals’ preferences and expectations; and the importance of translating research into action. Future work can draw on the discussions held during this event in a thought-provoking and hypothesis-generating way.
The effect between metabolic syndrome and life expectancy after cancer diagnosis: Catalan cohort study
Authors: López-Jiménez Tomàs , Plana-Ripoll Oleguer , Duarte-Salles Talita , Palomar-Cros Anna , Puente Diana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines remaining life expectancy (RLE) after a cancer diagnosis, focusing on age, sex, cancer type, and metabolic syndrome (MS) components, using data from the SIDIAP database in Catalonia (2006–2017). RLE was analyzed for 13 cancer types, stratified by sex and MS components. The cohort study includes 183,364 individuals followed from diagnosis until death, transfer, or study end (December 2017). RLE at age 68 (median diagnosis age) was calculated based on MS components (0, 1, 2, and ≥ 3). Men aged 68 with 0 MS components had an RLE of 13.2 years, compared to 8.9 years for those with ≥ 3 MS. Women had an RLE of 15.9 years with 0 MS components versus 11.4 years with ≥ 3 MS. RLE varied by cancer type, with the highest RLE in men seen in prostate cancer and in women in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The lowest RLE for both sexes was in pancreatic cancer. The largest differences between 0 and ≥ 3 MS components were observed in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and the smallest in pancreatic cancer. Increased MS components were associated with reduced RLE in at least 8 cancer types for men and 9 for women. Prevention strategies targeting MS components could increase RLE in cancer patients.
Muscle parameters in men and oxidative stress markers
Authors: Pietruszewski Michał , Nowak-Kornicka Judyta , Żelaźniewicz Agnieszka , Pawłowski Bogusław 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The oxidative handicap hypothesis posits that testosterone-dependent traits, such as muscle mass and strength, may be costly to develop due to testosterone’s pro-oxidative properties, leading to increased oxidative stress. This hypothesis suggests that only individuals with superior biological conditions can afford these costs. This study examines the oxidative handicap hypothesis, exploring the relationship between muscle mass or handgrip strength and oxidative stress markers in men.

Methods
Handgrip strength and muscle mass were measured in 179 men, with muscle mass assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and handgrip strength measured using a hydraulic dynamometer. Serum testosterone levels and antioxidant capacity were measured. 8-OH-dG, 8-epi-PGF2α, and protein carbonyls were measured to evaluate oxidative stress level. Pearson’s correlation and multivariate regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between handgrip strength, muscle mass, and oxidative stress markers, controlling for age, serum testosterone levels, and antioxidant capacity.

Results
No significant correlations were found between handgrip strength and oxidative stress markers, even when controlling for muscle mass, antioxidant capacity, testosterone levels, and age.

Conclusions
The study’s findings do not support the oxidative handicap hypothesis in the context of muscle parameters in men. The results suggest that testosterone-driven traits like handgrip strength or muscle mass may not necessarily incur oxidative stress costs in healthy young men, possibly due to effective compensatory antioxidant mechanisms. Factors like lifestyle, diet, and genetic predisposition, which were not controlled in this study, could also influence the observed outcomes and should be included in future research.
Trans-kingdom sRNA silencing in the prevention and control of crop Fusarium wilt disease
Authors: Huang Xin-Ni , Wang Yue , Li Yan-Ting , Xiao Ying , Ouyang Shou-Qiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC), comprising a multitude of soil borne fungal pathogens, represent a major group of plant invaders that cause vascular wilt diseases of crops worldwide. Although sexual reproduction is nebulous in the FOSC, horizontal gene transfer (also well known as trans-kingdom) may contribute to the observed diversity in pathogenic strains. Concerning the safety and costly process of generating genetically modified crops, a plant-disease management strategy not reliant on transgenic approaches remains the most economic and environmental-friendly option. Here, we highlight the current scenario via beginning with F. oxysporum formae speciales and races as well as caused Fusarium wilt disease in field. Subsequently, based on the mechanisms by which small RNA (sRNA) acts in gene silencing, especially in bidirectionally trans-kingdom sRNA silencing between F. oxysporum and their hosts in the development of disease, we summarize technological breakthroughs like Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS) technology in the developing and applying to protect crops from Fusarium wilt disease. Given that SIGS has been developed and recently applied in controlling crop Fusarium wilt diseases, we propose a potential prevention and control system to exploit crop Fusarium-vasculature interaction leading to further study trans-kingdom sRNA silencing.
Explainable machine learning framework for cataracts recognition using visual features
Authors: Wu Xiao , Hu Lingxi , Xiao Zunjie , Zhang Xiaoqing , Higashita Risa , Liu Jiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cataract is the leading ocular disease of blindness and visual impairment globally. Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved promising cataracts recognition performance based on anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images; however, they have poor explanations, limiting their clinical applications. In contrast, visual features extracted from original AS-OCT images and their transform forms (e.g., AS-OCT-based histograms) have good explanations but have not been fully exploited. Motivated by these observations, an explainable machine learning framework to recognize cataracts severity levels automatically using AS-OCT images was proposed, consisting of three stages: visual feature extraction, feature importance explanation and selection, and recognition. First, the intensity histogram and intensity-based statistical methods are applied to extract visual features from original AS-OCT images and AS-OCT-based histograms. Subsequently, the SHapley Additive exPlanations and Pearson correlation coefficient methods are applied to analyze the feature importance and select significant visual features. Finally, an ensemble multi-class ridge regression method is applied to recognize the cataracts severity levels based on the selected visual features. Experiments on a clinical AS-OCT-NC dataset demonstrate that the proposed framework not only achieves competitive performance through comparisons with DNNs, but also has a good explanation ability, meeting the requirements of clinical diagnostic practice.