bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure formation of hyper-compacted and modified concrete
Authors: Khasanov B. B. , Adilkhujaev A. E. , Choriev R. K. , Azizova B. M. , Rajabov M. Z. , Mirzaev T. A. 
Published: August 2023

Production of axisymmetric products -pressure and non-pressure pipes, rings, wells, bridges and drainage elements represents one of the main branches of construction industry in water and wastewater industry of Uzbekistan and Central Asian republics. However, positive tendencies of its development are only emerging and still do not meet the potential of progressive, competitive and economical modern technology, capable of providing significant shifts in reduction of resource intensity of new products, expansion of raw material base of construction industry and involvement of technogenic products into its balance, as well as solution of important economic and environmental problems.
Prospects for further development of high-efficiency tubular goods production and scientific and technological progress of their production are largely determined by the importance of regularities and methods of controlling technological processes of structure formation with regard to given high level of product quality and criteria of resource intensity of production.
In this regard, the analysis of general regularities of material structure formation in the complex process of hypercompaction and cementations modification in axisymmetric concrete is of primary importance.
Restrained {2}-domination in graphs
Authors: Haghparast Kazhal , Amjadi Jafar , Chellali Mustapha , Sheikholeslami Seyed Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

A restrained {2}-dominating function (R{2}DF) on a graph G = (V, E) is a function f : V → {0, 1, 2} such that : (i) f(N[v]) ≥ 2 for all v ∈ V, where N[v] is the set containing v and all vertices adjacent to v; (ii) the subgraph induced by the vertices assigned 0 under f has no isolated vertices. The weight of an R{2}DF is the sum of its function values over all vertices, and the restrained {2}-domination number γr{2}(G) is the minimum weight of an R{2}DF on G. In this paper, we initiate the study of the restrained {2}-domination number. We first prove that the problem of computing this parameter is NP-complete, even when restricted to bipartite graphs. Then we give various bounds on this parameter. In particular, we establish upper and lower bounds on the restrained {2}-domination number of a tree T in terms of the order, the numbers of leaves and support vertices.
Underwater versus conventional endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal lesions: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chowdhury Aneesa Rahman , Kim Jin Sun , Xu Mimi , Tom Chloe , Narala Rachan , Kong Niwen , Lee Helen , Vazquez Alejandro , Sahakian Ara , Phan Jennifer , Buxbaum James 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Colorectal malignancy is a leading cause of death. Conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (CEMR) is a strategy used to resect precancerous lesions that involves injecting fluid beneath a polyp to create a gap for resection. Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) is a newer method that forgoes injection, instead filling the intestinal cavity with water to facilitate polyp resection. Our aim was to compare the safety and efficacy of these approaches by synthesizing the most contemporary evidence.
Methods PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries were searched from inception through November 11, 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing UEMR and CEMR for resection of colorectal lesions. The primary outcome was the rate of en bloc resection and secondary outcomes included recurrence, procedure time, and adverse events (AEs).
Results A total of 2539 studies were identified through our systematic literature search. After screening, seven RCTs with a total of 1581 polyps were included. UEMR was associated with significantly increased rates of en bloc resection (RR 1.18 [1.03, 1.35]; I2 = 76.6%) versus conventional approaches. No significant differences were found in procedure time, recurrence, or AEs.
Conclusions UEMR is a promising effective technique for removal of colorectal lesions. The most contemporary literature indicates that it improves en bloc resection rate without increasing procedure time, recurrence, or AEs (PROSPERO ID CRD42022374935).
Examining Unilateral and Bilateral Exercises through the
Load-velocity Relationship
Authors: Martínez-Rubio Carlos , Baena-Raya Andrés , Díez-Fernández David M. , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel Antonio , Pareja-Blanco Fernando 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the load-velocity (L-V) relationship in the
bench-press (BP) and leg-press (LP) exercises performed unilaterally, and
compared this unilateral L-V relationship with the bilateral variants. Nineteen
men (age=23.5±2.1 years) completed two incremental tests in BP
and LP, performed bilaterally and unilaterally, across two sessions with a
48-hour rest period. We found a close relationship between medium propulsive
velocity (MPV) and %1RM in unilateral BP
(R2  =0.97,
SEE=0.06 m·s-1) and LP
(R2=0.96, SEE=0.06 m·s-1).
No significant differences were observed between the preferred and non-preferred
sides in the L-V relationship for either exercise. Additionally, higher
velocities were achieved in unilateral exercises compared to bilateral
exercises, particularly with light and moderate loads
(30–70%1RM) in BP (p<0.05) and with light loads
(30–45%1RM) in LP (p<0.05). Close L-V relationships were
observed in unilateral exercises, without differences in the L-V relationships
between preferred and non-preferred sides despite the interlimb asymmetries in
the absolute strength values. Interestingly, lower velocities were observed at
light loads (~30–45% 1RM) for bilateral compared to
unilateral exercises, which could be explained by different strength deficits
for these exercises.
Homoeopathic Treatment of Mild Cases of COVID-19 on Home Isolation: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Balakrishnan Thankaraj , Thomas Rekha , Mathew George , Rajesh Anu , Jain Saurabh Kumar , Agarwal Radhika , Kapoor Anu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile the world grappled with the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medical fraternity and policy makers tried desperately to control its spread in the absence of any definite treatment protocol. The scope of homoeopathy, which has been historically found effective in epidemics, has been investigated in the present study. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of individualised homoeopathic medicine on mild cases of COVID-19 under home isolation. A retrospective, single-arm, non-randomised, open-label, observational trial was conducted on 185 laboratory confirmed mild cases of COVID-19 at Nehru Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, during September to December 2020. Complete symptom resolution days was the primary outcome (from baseline to total zero symptom score); while assessment of severity of each symptom and sign on a scale of 0-3 ( 0- absent, 1-mild. 3- severe), at baseline and Day 14 comprised of the secondary outcome. Intention-to-treat sample (n = 185) was analysed with SPSS IBM version 20. Of all the patients (n = 185), 165 (90%) successfully completed the follow-up period. The mean (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 35 (26–45) years; the male: female ratio was 11:9.2. Fever (56%), cough (54%), fatigue (45%) and sore throat (36%) were the most common symptoms reported. Median (IQR) time for resolution of symptoms was 4 (3–8) days. Sixty-eight per cent patients recovered within 6 days and rest within 7 to 14 days. The most prescribed medicines were Bryonia alba (30%), Arsenicum album (25%) and Pulsatilla nigricans (12%) accounting for 67% of the total medicines. This study, though preliminary, revealed a positive treatment effect of individualised homoeopathic medicines in promptly alleviating the symptoms of mild COVID-19. Randomised controlled trials with greater scientific rigour are warranted.
The Positive Effect of an Online Appointment Portal on a Breast Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Chiereghin Angela , Pizzi Lorenzo , Squillace Lorena , Bazzani Carmen , Roti Lorenzo , Mezzetti Francesca 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background The adoption of web-based appointment methods by health care systems is increasing.
Objectives This study primarily aimed to evaluate in the setting of an organized breast cancer screening program the actual usage of an online appointment portal by the target population, i.e., how the online tool was used (type and timing of the actions performed) and by whom (users' characteristics); the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on its usage was also investigated. The effect of adopting this tool on the attendance to breast cancer screening was contextually investigated.
Methods Electronic data records of 75,903 women (45–74 years old, residing in the territory of Bologna Local Health Authority) were retrospectively reviewed.
Results In total, 12.4% of women logged into the online portal at least once. Most of them (79.9%) rescheduled, 15.7% viewed, and 4.4% cancelled their own appointment. In addition, 40.6% of all rescheduling actions were performed by the online portal; the remaining was performed by the toll-free number/dedicated email address. The highest peak (13.8%) of web accesses was registered at 10 a.m. Monday to Friday, when the toll-free number service is available. Percentages of portal usage were higher: (1) among the younger women, of Italian nationality, and for the first time invited to mammographic screening (p < 0.0001), and (2) in the pandemic period versus the prepandemic period (12.5 vs. 8.6%, respectively; p < 0.001). Finally, when compared to not using, the online portal usage led to an overall reduction in the no-show rate of almost 20% (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion The action mainly performed by using the online appointment portal was the appointment rescheduling. The usage of this tool had a positive effect on the no-show rate and it can be speculated that has led to a reduction of the request load to be handled by the center's screening staff. Finally, this study confirmed that the COVID-19 pandemic boosted the use of digital technologies.
An improved dissipative particle dynamics method for the liquid-particle two-phase flow in microchannels
Authors: Dong Hua , Wu Xu , Fan Liang-Liang , Zhao Liang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Liquid-particle two-phase flow in microchannel widely exists in the fields of biomedical and environmental monitoring, such as the lab-chip device for disease diagnosis. The standard dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method has been previously employed to study the liquid-particle two-phase flow in microchannel, but it cannot accurately simulate the real process because of the unsuitable DPD parameters. In the present study, an improved DPD method was developed by changing the system energy and fitting the characteristic curve between the random force coefficient and the Schmidt number. In addition, a new logarithmic relationship between the conservative force coefficient and the particle size was found. The result demonstrated that the improved DPD method enabled more accurate simulation on the liquid-particle two-phase flow in microchannels than the standard DPD method. For instance, in the simulation of particle sedimentation, the relative deviation between the value obtained by the improved DPD method and the theoretical value was less than 6% while the relative deviation was more than 20% for the standard DPD method. The simulated result of the particle migration in microchannel was in good agreement with the result obtained by Matas et al, and the relative deviation was less than 1.5%. Therefore, the improved DPD method would have great potentials in the study on the liquid-particle two-phase flow in microchannels.
Mass transfer characteristics at cathode/electrolyte interface during electrodeposition of nickel microcolumns with various aspect ratios
Authors: Dong Yanzhuo , Jiang Bingyan , Drummer Dietmar , Zhang Lu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The filling behavior of electrodeposited microcolumns is strongly influenced by the mass transfer characteristics at the cathode/electrolyte interface. This study aims to elucidate the influence of the mass transfer characteristics (ion supplementation via diffusion and ion consumption via deposition) on the electrodeposition of microcolumns, thus providing feasible solutions for improving void defects with different feature sizes. The results indicate that ion consumption plays an important role in the mass transfer within large-width microcavities (100 μm). For large-width microcolumns, longer electroforming times lead to higher ion consumption, resulting in nonuniform ion concentration distribution, and consequently uneven deposition rates along the microcavity wall. In microcavities with high aspect ratio (5:1), ion supplementation plays a major role. The low ion supplementation rate does not support a uniform deposition, resulting in a large void defect and a low filling ratio in the deposited microcolumns. Therefore, reducing the ion consumption rate by decreasing the current density from 1 A dm−2 to 0.25 A dm−2 can effectively increase the filling ratio in large-width microcolumns with no significant effect on high aspect ratio microcolumns. On the contrary, the pulse reverse current (forward pulse current density 1 A dm−2, reverse pulse current density 2 A dm−2, frequency 1 Hz, forward pulse duty cycle 0.9) can increase the filling ratio in the high aspect ratio microcolumns by accelerating ion supplementation through dissolution of the deposited layer. By further increasing the reverse pulse current density from 2 A dm−2 to 6 A dm−2, void defects can be completely eliminated and even void-free deposition of high aspect ratio microcolumns (5:1) can be achieved.
Flexible pressure/temperature sensors with heterogeneous integration of ultra-thin silicon and polymer
Authors: Feng Weiwen , Li Peng , Zhang Haozhi , Sun Ke , Li Wei , Li Xinxin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors and temperature sensors are widely used in various fields because of their advantages in high flexibility, good shape retention and extremely small thickness. However, it is quite challenging to fabricate ultra-thin flexible pressure sensors with reliable sensing performance. In this work, we propose a new type of silicon–polymer heterogeneously integrated MEMS flexible sensor with an ultra-thin silicon-based absolute pressure sensing element and a thermistor. In the study, a flexible MEMS fabrication process is developed, which enables simultaneous fabrication in two different substrates and self-release of the thin and slim flexible sensor. The front-end section of the flexible sensor is with the width as 125 μm, length as 3.2 cm and total thickness as 12 μm, where the integrated silicon substrate thickness is only 3 μm. The sensor takes a slender shape to allow for medical invasive measurement by inserting it into a slim medical catheter or a syringe needle-tube. The sensitivity of the fabricated ultra-thin absolute pressure sensor is tested as 45.2 μV kPa−1 under 3.3 V supplied voltage, with the nonlinearity as only ±0.16% FS. The sensitivity of the thermistor is 10.4 Ω °C−1 in the range of 0 °C–100 °C. Moreover, the polysilicon thermistor can also serve as a micro-heater, where an electric heating power of 107 μW results in a temperature increase of 13.5 °C. With ultra-thin slim structure and satisfactory performance, the MEMS flexible sensor is promising in various fields like biomedical applications.
Observations and identifications of extreme ultraviolet spectra of Ca-like to Na-like neodymium ions using an electron beam ion trap
Authors: Yang Y , Dipti  , Suzuki C , Gall A , Silwal R , Sanders S , Naing A , Tan J N , Takacs E , Ralchenko Yu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Extreme ultraviolet spectra from M-shell transitions in highly-charged Ca-like Nd40+ through Na-like Nd49+ ions were measured at the electron beam ion trap (EBIT) facility of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. To produce the ionization stages of interest, the electron beam energies were varied between 3.60 keV and 10.01 keV. A flat-field grazing incidence spectrometer was used to observe the spectra in the wavelength range between 2.67 nm and 17.30 nm. Simulated spectra generated with detailed collisional-radiative modeling of the non-Maxwellian EBIT plasma were used for line identifications. Forty-seven new spectral lines corresponding to electric-dipole and magnetic-dipole transitions were identified. Measurements were compared to the available previously calculated and predicted values.
Exploration of the crystal structures and electronic features of Y2O3:Er and Y2O3:Er,Yb crystals: a first-principles study
Authors: Ju Meng , Zhang Xiexuan , Hu Shihao , Wang Peng , Xiao Yang , Sun Weiguo , Zhang Chuanzhao , Jin Yuanyuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Er3+ doped Y2O3 (Y2O3:Er) and Er3+, Yb3+ co-doped Y2O3 (Y2O3:Er,Yb) have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding optical properties. However, the crystal structures underlying their electronic features are still unclear. In this paper, we carried out the systematical structural evolutions of Y2O3:Er and Y2O3:Er,Yb via the Crystal Structural AnaLYsis by Particle Swarm Optimization structure search method. Two novel monoclinic structures with P2 space group were uncovered for Y2O3:Er and Y2O3:Er,Yb. Validities of the two ground state structures were verified by the good agreements between the calculated x-ray diffraction patterns and the experimental ones. Phonon dispersion curves were also investigated, and the data showed that the ground state structures of both Y2O3:Er and Y2O3:Er,Yb were dynamically stable. Moreover, the density of states, the band structure and the electronic local function of these two systems were also studied. The impurity Er3+ and Yb3+ ions lead to the transition of electronic feature from the insulator to the semiconductor. The Y–O, Er–O, Yb–O bonds are proved to be covalent bonds. These research results can fill up the vacancy and give instructions in the rare-earth doped laser materials in the future.
Evolution of magnetic surfboards and spin glass behavior in (Fe1−p
Ga
p
)2TiO5
Authors: Li Y , Phelan D , Ye F , Zheng H , Krivyakina E , Samarakoon A , LaBarre P G , Neu J , Siegrist T , Rosenkranz S , Syzranov S V , Ramirez A P 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The unusual anisotropy of the spin glass (SG) transition in the pseudobrookite system Fe2TiO5 has been interpreted as arising from an induced, van der Waals-like, interaction among magnetic clusters. Here we present susceptibility (

χ

) and specific heat data (

C

) for Fe2TiO5 diluted with non-magnetic Ga, (Fe1−p
Ga
p
)2TiO5, for disorder parameter

p

= 0, 0.11, and 0.42, and elastic neutron scattering data for

p

= 0.20. A uniform suppression of

T
g

is observed upon increasing

p

, along with a value of

χ

T
g

that increases as

T
g

decreases, i.e.

d
χ
(

T
g

)

/

d

T
g

<
0

We also observe

C

T

∝

T
2

in the low temperature limit. The observed behavior places (Fe1−p
Ga
p
)2TiO5 in the category of a strongly geometrically frustrated SG.
Unconventional electronic phase transition in SnBi2Te4: role of anomalous thermal expansion
Authors: Dalui Tamal K , Das Bishal , Barman Chanchal K , Ghose Pradeepta K , Sarma Abhisakh , Mahatha Sanjoy K , Diekmann Florian , Rossnagel Kai , Majumdar Subham , Alam Aftab , Giri Saurav 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We propose SnBi2Te4 to be a novel topological quantum material exhibiting temperature (T) mediated transitions between rich electronic phases. Our combined theoretical and experimental results suggest that SnBi2Te4 goes from a low-T semimetallic phase to a high-T (room temperature) insulating phase via an intermediate metallic phase. Single crystals of SnBi2Te4 are characterized by various experimental probes including synchrotron based x-ray diffraction, magnetoresistance, Hall effect, Seebeck coefficient and magnetization. X-ray diffraction data confirms an anomalous thermal expansion of the unit cell volume below ∼100 K, which significantly affects the bulk band structure and hence the transport properties. Simulated surface states are found to be topologically robust with varying T. This indirectly supports the experimentally observed paramagnetic singularity in the entire T-range. The proposed coexistence of such rich phases is a rare occurrence, yet it facilitates a fertile ground to tune them in a material driven by structural changes.
The critical effect of electron acceleration under enhanced electric field near cathode on the formation of runaway electrons and diffuse discharge in atmosphere
Authors: Ren Chenhua , Huang Bangdou , Zhang Cheng , Qi Bo , Chen Weijiang , Shao Tao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Runaway electrons (RAEs) are believed to affect the dynamics of ultra-fast gas breakdown significantly. In this work, considering the field enhancement effect near the micro-protrusion on the cathode surface, the formation of RAEs and diffuse discharge in atmospheric pressure air is investigated by two-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulation. It is found that the beam amplitude of RAEs is dictated by the field enhancement factor and the initial energy of electrons obtained near the micro-protrusion is decisive for their converting to RAEs, which precede the low energy electrons and guide the discharge propagation by improving pre-ionization. As a result, the discharge transfers from the filamentary mode without RAEs to the diffuse mode under the high pre-ionization degree due to RAEs and a wide streamer with a diameter comparable with the gap distance is formed, which transfers from spherical to conical shape. The results of this study illustrate the fundamental process of RAE formation and how RAEs influence streamer dynamics during ultra-fast gas breakdown process.
Effect of ion collision on separation between light and heavy ions in multi-component vacuum arc
Authors: Sun Qiang , Zhou Qianhong , Yang Wei , Dong Ye , Zhang Hantian , Song Mengmeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In multi-component vacuum arc discharge, light ions and heavy ions usually have different spatial distributions of density and velocity. Previous research has suggested that the difference in spatial distribution of light and heavy ions is due to the mixing effect of cathode spot jet. However, in this work, the ion collision is found to be an important factor leading to the separation of light and heavy ions. In this paper, multi-fluid model is used to study the effect of ion collisions on separation mechanism in multi-component vacuum arc. The simulation results show that, during the jet mixing process, the collisions between different ions will reduce the velocity of light ions, and greatly increase the density and temperature. As a result, the pressure expansion of light ions is significantly enhanced. In addition, the collision between different ions will also increase the size of jet mixing region for light ions, which makes the plasma jet of light ions mixing more fully. These effects make their isotropic expansion dominant, and the ion density at the center is not much different from that at the edge. However for heavy ions, the collision between different ions has little influence on their movement. The pressure is far less than the inertia force, so the density of heavy ion mainly distributes along the convection direction, and the center is greater than the edge. This is the main separation mechanism of ion angular flux. It is also found there are three main factors leading to the separation of light and heavy ions: ion mass, ion density and ion temperature. The separation effect can be enhanced by increasing ion temperature, decreasing ion density and selecting electrode components with significant differences in elemental mass. This paper provides an insight into the mechanism of ion separation in multi-component vacuum arc.