bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sayed’s Journey to Encampment: Examining Sites and Scenes of Economic Migrant Displacement in Mandate Palestine
Authors: Banko Lauren 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Using the framework of microhistory, the following article explores the notion of ‘encampment’ in relation to economically displaced labourers who crossed into Palestine in the 1930s and 1940s. It considers what a new reading of ‘encampment’ might offer to the historical and inter-disciplinary studies of refugeehood, migration, borders, and forced displacement. The article traces the story of one such labourer, displaced from Egypt to the port city of Haifa. Using this man’s archival record, the article analyses how historians might depict other such men and women as ‘encamped’ by the nature of their economic displacement and their inability to return to the places from which they came. These migrants often fell into the categorization of ‘forcibly displaced’ twice: they were forced by economic circumstances to migrate, and many were subsequently deported from Palestine because they had no authorization to have entered the country.
Total Force Fitness Summit 2021: Maximizing the Health and Well-being of Service Members and Their Families
Authors: Givens Melissa , O’Connor Francis G , Deuster Patricia A 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Total Force Fitness (TFF) is a multidomain, holistic framework that provides the Department of Defense (DoD) with the capability to assess, promote, and sustain human performance optimization across the full spectrum of components key to meeting mission requirements. On September 14 and 15, 2021, in Bethesda, MD, The Consortium for Health and Military Performance convened a second TFF Summit with the goal of promoting the mission of optimizing the health and well-being of our service members across their careers. Participants included scientists, clinicians, educators, public health professionals, and military leaders from all the services. The current operating picture of TFF within the DoD was described, and then working groups were convened to address issues related to (1) delivering full spectrum health and performance services; (2) advocacy, awareness, and empowerment; (3) research; (4) education; and (5) standardization, branding, and metrics. The outcomes of the summit included recommendations that operational leadership and a consolidated and joint approach are required for TFF to be successful, and TFF must be regarded as an integral part of the National Defense, Security, and Military Strategy. To that end, TFF should be aligned within OUSD(P&R), not the Military Health System, so it extends beyond the medical setting and fully supports mission readiness and performance. Importantly, we must be proactive and teach new recruits about the TFF holistic approach to sustain optimal performance across their careers.
Quenching star formation with low-luminosity AGN winds
Authors: Almeida Ivan , Nemmen Rodrigo , Riffel Rogemar A 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a simple model for low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (LLAGN) feedback through winds produced by a hot accretion flow. The wind carries considerable energy and deposits it on the host galaxy at kiloparsec scales and beyond, heating the galactic gas and thereby quenching star formation. Our model predicts that the typical LLAGN can quench more than 10 per cent of star formation in its host galaxy. We find that long-lived LLAGN winds from supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with masses ≥108 M⊙ and mass accretion rates $\dot{M} \gt 10^{-3} \dot{M}_{\rm Edd}\ (0.002\,{\rm M}_{\odot }\,\mathrm{ yr}^{-1})$ can prevent gas collapse and significantly quench galactic star formation compared to a scenario without AGNs, if the wind persists over 1 Myr. For sustained wind production over time-scales of 10 Myr or longer, SMBHs with 108 M⊙ or larger masses have important feedback effects with $\dot{M} \gt 10^{-4} \dot{M}_{\rm Edd}\ (0.0002\,{\rm M}_{\odot }\, \mathrm{ yr}^{-1})$.
Doppler confirmation of TESS planet candidate TOI−1408.01: grazing transit and likely eccentric orbit
Authors: Galazutdinov G A , Baluev R V , Valyavin G , Aitov V , Gadelshin D , Valeev A , Sendzikas E , Sokov E , Mitiani G , Burlakova T , Yakunin I , Antonyuk K A , Vlasyuk V , Romanyuk I , Rzaev A , Yushkin M , Ivanova A , Tavrov A , Korablev O 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We report an independent Doppler confirmation of the TESS planet candidate orbiting an F-type main-sequence star TOI−1408 located 140 pc away. We present a set of radial velocities obtained with a high-resolution fibre-optic spectrograph FFOREST mounted at the SAO RAS 6-m telescope (BTA-6). Our self-consistent analysis of these Doppler data and TESS photometry suggests a grazing transit such that the planet obscures its host star by only a portion of the visible disc. Because of this degeneracy, the radius of TOI−1408.01 appears ill-determined with lower limit about ∼1 RJup, significantly larger than in the current TESS solution. We also derive the planet mass of 1.69 ± 0.20 MJup and the orbital period ∼4.425 d, thus making this object a typical hot Jupiter, but with a significant orbital eccentricity of 0.259 ± 0.026. Our solution may suggest that the planet is likely to experience a high tidal eccentricity migration at the stage of intense orbital rounding, or may indicate possible presence of other unseen companions in the system, yet to be detected.
Open Genes—a new comprehensive database of human genes associated with aging and longevity
Authors: Rafikova Ekaterina , Nemirovich-Danchenko Nikolay , Ogmen Anna , Parfenenkova Anna , Velikanova Anastasiia , Tikhonov Stanislav , Peshkin Leonid , Rafikov Konstantin , Spiridonova Olga , Belova Yulia , Glinin Timofey , Egorova Anastasia , Batin Mikhail 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Open Genes database was created to enhance and simplify the search for potential aging therapy targets. We collected data on 2402 genes associated with aging and developed convenient tools for searching and comparing gene features. A comprehensive description of genes has been provided, including lifespan-extending interventions, age-related changes, longevity associations, gene evolution, associations with diseases and hallmarks of aging, and functions of gene products. For each experiment, we presented the necessary structured data for evaluating the experiment's quality and interpreting the study's findings. Our goal was to stay objective and precise while connecting a particular gene to human aging. We distinguished six types of studies and 12 criteria for adding genes to our database. Genes were classified according to the confidence level of the link between the gene and aging. All the data collected in a database are provided both by an API and a user interface. The database is publicly available on a website at https://open-genes.org/.
SARS-CoV-2 Nsp8 N-terminal domain folds autonomously and binds dsRNA
Authors: Treviño Miguel Á , Pantoja-Uceda David , Laurents Douglas V , Mompeán Miguel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Nsp8 protein is a critical component of the RNA replicase, as its N-terminal domain (NTD) anchors Nsp12, the RNA, and Nsp13. Whereas its C-terminal domain (CTD) structure is well resolved, there is an open debate regarding the conformation adopted by the NTD as it is predicted as disordered but found in a variety of complex-dependent conformations or missing from many other structures. Using NMR spectroscopy, we show that the SARS CoV-2 Nsp8 NTD features both well folded secondary structure and disordered segments. Our results suggest that while part of this domain corresponding to two long α-helices forms autonomously, the folding of other segments would require interaction with other replicase components. When isolated, the α-helix population progressively declines towards the C-termini but surprisingly binds dsRNA while preserving structural disorder.
Improving Prediction of Tobacco Use Over Time: Findings from Waves 1–4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study
Authors: Mills Sarah D , Zhang Yu , Wiesen Christopher A , Hassmiller Lich Kristen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
First-order Markov models assume future tobacco use behavior is dependent on current tobacco use and are often used to characterize patterns of tobacco use over time. Higher-order Markov models that assume future behavior is dependent on current and prior tobacco use may better estimate patterns of tobacco use.

Aims and Methods
This study compared Markov models of different orders to examine whether incorporating information about tobacco use history improves model estimation of tobacco use and estimated tobacco use transition probabilities. We used data from four waves of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. In each Wave, a participant was categorized into one of the following tobacco use states: never smoker, former smoker, menthol cigarette smoker, non-menthol cigarette smoker, or e-cigarette/dual user. We compared first-, second-, and third-order Markov models using multinomial logistic regression and estimated transition probabilities between tobacco use states.

`Results
The third-order model was the best fit for the data. The percentage of former smokers, menthol cigarette smokers, non-menthol cigarette smokers, and e-cigarette/dual users in Wave 3 that remained in the same tobacco use state in Wave 4 ranged from 63.4% to 97.2%, 29.2% to 89.8%, 34.8% to 89.7%, and 20.5% to 80.0%, respectively, dependent on tobacco use history. Individuals who were current tobacco users, but former smokers in the prior two years, were most likely to quit.

Conclusions
Transition probabilities between tobacco use states varied widely depending on tobacco use history. Higher-order Markov models improve estimation of tobacco use over time and can inform understanding of trajectories of tobacco use behavior.

Implications
Findings from this study suggest that transition probabilities between tobacco use states vary widely depending on tobacco use history. Tobacco product users (cigarette or e-cigarette/dual users) who were in the same tobacco use state in the prior two years were least likely to quit. Individuals who were current tobacco users, but former smokers in the prior two years, were most likely to quit. Quitting smoking for at least two years is an important milestone in the process of cessation.
From adversity to advancement: leveraging war-tested approaches for the post-conflict reformation of the Ukrainian healthcare landscape
Authors: Adebusoye Favour Tope , Tan Joecelyn Kirani , Awuah Wireko Andrew , Bharadwaj Hareesha Rishab , Naeem Wara , Ferreira Tomas , Roy Sakshi , Abdul-Rahman Toufik , Lychko Volodymyr 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Russo-Ukrainian Conflict has had significant repercussions on Ukraine’s healthcare system, resulting in civilian casualties and damage to healthcare institutions. The disruption of personnel, medical supplies, and patient transportation has created considerable challenges for healthcare services. However, there are successful approaches from comparable contexts that can serve as a catalyst for post-conflict healthcare reformation in Ukraine. Key strategies include improving healthcare accessibility for marginalized populations through standardized essential health and surgical care packages, rehabilitating damaged facilities, strengthening primary care provisions, and supporting war survivors with disabilities. By adopting these proven practices, Ukraine can strengthen its healthcare system and facilitate a sustainable recovery, contributing to the country’s resilience and ensuring essential healthcare services for its population.
Purtscher-like retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical features, risk factors and prognosis
Authors: Meng L , Yu Q , Zhao X , Chen L , Wang Y , Zhang W , Chen H , Chen Y 
Published: September 2023

Summary

Background
Purtscher-like retinopathy (PLR) is a rare ocular manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with poor prognosis, but its clear risk factors and treatment consensus are still lacking.

Aim
To investigate the clinical features, risk factors and prognosis of PLR in SLE patients.

Design and methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on SLE patients with PLR admitted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2013 to 2022. Clinical data, including demographic characteristics, lupus-related features, laboratory findings and ophthalmologic examinations, were collected and analyzed. The prognosis was evaluated based on best-corrected visual acuity and ophthalmologic outcomes.

Results
Seventeen SLE patients (32 eyes) diagnosed with PLR were included, along with a random selection of 100 SLE patients without retinopathy and 100 with retinal microvasculopathy as controls. Patients with PLR had a significantly younger age, a higher proportion of hemolytic anemia, a shorter duration of SLE, a higher SLE disease activity index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K) score, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values and lower hemoglobin (HGB) values than the group without retinopathy (P &lt; 0.05). They also had a significantly higher SLEDAI-2K score, higher ESR values and higher white blood cell values (P &lt; 0.05) than the Microvasculopathy group. The majority of eyes (22/26, 84.62%) achieved stabilization at the last follow-up, with different therapeutic strategies, while a few (4/26, 15.38%) experienced complications or progression.

Conclusion
This is the largest reported case series of PLR in SLE, which was associated with higher disease activity and poor visual prognosis. It was also associated with younger age, shorter SLE duration, concomitant hemolytic anemia, lower HGB and higher ESR value. Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial for improving visual outcomes.
Sirtuin 1 overexpression contributes to the expansion of follicular helper T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus and may serve as an accessible therapeutic target
Authors: He Liting , Liao Wei , Wang Xin , Wang Ling , Liang Qing , Jiang Li , Yi Wanyu , Luo Shuaihantian , Liu Yu , Qiu Xiangning , Li Yaping , Liu Jun , Wu Haijing , Zhao Ming , Long Hai , Lu Qianjin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, is upregulated in CD4+ T cells from SLE patients and MRL/lpr lupus-like mice. This study aimed to explore the role of SIRT1 in follicular helper T (Tfh) cell expansion and its potential value as a therapeutic target for SLE.

Methods
Frequencies of CD4+CXCR5+PD-1+ Tfh cells in peripheral blood from SLE patients and their expression of SIRT1 and B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL-6) were determined with flow cytometry. Naïve CD4+ T cells were transfected with SIRT1-expressing lentivirus and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting SIRT1, respectively, and then cultured under Tfh-polarizing conditions to study the impact of SIRT1 on Tfh cell differentiation. This impact was also evaluated in both CD4+ T cells and naïve CD4+ T cells by treatment with SIRT1 inhibitors (EX527 and nicotinamide) in vitro. MRL/lpr mice and pristane-induced lupus mice were treated with continuous daily intake of nicotinamide, and their lupus phenotypes (including skin rash, arthritis, proteinuria and serum anti-dsDNA autoantibodies) were compared with those of controls.

Results
Expression of SIRT1 was elevated in Tfh cells from SLE patients and was positively correlated with Tfh cell frequencies. SIRT1 expression gradually increased during Tfh cell differentiation. Overexpression of SIRT1 by lentiviral vectors significantly promoted Tfh cell differentiation/proliferation. Reciprocally, suppressing expression of SIRT1 by siRNA and inhibiting SIRT1 activity by EX-527 or nicotinamide hindered Tfh cell expansion. Continuous daily intake of nicotinamide alleviated lupus-like phenotypes and decreased serum CXCL13 in the two mouse models.

Conclusion
SIRT1 overexpression contributed to the expansion of Tfh cells in SLE and may serve as a potential target for treatment.
TLR8 aggravates skin inflammation and fibrosis by activating skin fibroblasts in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Kong Xiangzhen , Jiang Shuai , He Qiuyu , Shi Xiangguang , Pu Weilin , Huang Yan , Ma Yanyun , Liu Qingmei , Sun Dayan , Huang Delin , Wu Fei , Li Pengcheng , Tu Wenzhen , Zhao Yinhuan , Wang Lei , Chen Yuanyuan , Wu Wenyu , Tang Yulong , Zhao Xiansheng , Zhu Qing , Gao Jian , Xu Weihong , Shui Xiaochuan , Qian Feng , Wang Jiucun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Innate immunity significantly contributes to SSc pathogenesis. TLR8 is an important innate immune mediator that is implicated in autoimmunity and fibrosis. However, the expression, mechanism of action, and pathogenic role of TLR8 in SSc remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the roles and underlying mechanisms of TLR8 in SSc.

Methods
The expression of TLR8 was analysed, based on a public dataset, and then verified in skin tissues and skin fibroblasts of SSc patients. The role of TLR8 in inflammation and fibrosis was investigated using a TLR8-overexpression vector, activator (VTX-2337), inhibitor (cu-cpt-8m), and TLR8 siRNA in skin fibroblasts. The pathogenic role of TLR8 in skin inflammation and fibrosis was further validated in a bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse skin inflammation and fibrosis model.

Results
TLR8 levels were significantly elevated in SSc skin tissues and myofibroblasts, along with significant activation of the TLR8 pathway. In vitro studies showed that overexpression or activation of TLR8 by a recombinant plasmid or VTX-2337 upregulated IL-6, IL-1β, COL I, COL III and α-SMA in skin fibroblasts. Consistently, both TLR8-siRNA and cu-cpt-8m reversed the phenotypes observed in TLR8-activating fibroblasts. Mechanistically, TLR8 induces skin fibrosis and inflammation in a manner dependent on the MAPK, NF-κB and SMAD2/3 pathways. Subcutaneous injection of cu-cpt-8m significantly alleviated BLM-induced skin inflammation and fibrosis in vivo.

Conclusion
TLR8 might be a promising therapeutic target for improving the treatment strategy for skin inflammation and fibrosis in SSc.
Giving weight to incretin-based pharmacotherapy for obesity-related sleep apnea: a revolution or a pipe dream?
Authors: Grunstein Ronald R , Wadden Thomas A , Chapman Julia L , Malhotra Atul , Phillips Craig L 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease affecting over 670 million adults globally, with multiple complications including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Substantial weight loss in patients with obesity-related OSA can reduce or even eliminate OSA as well as reduce sleepiness and improve cardio-metabolic health. Evidence suggests that these improvements exceed those that occur with device-based OSA therapies like continuous positive airway pressure which continue to be the first-line of therapy. Resistance to weight management as a first-line strategy to combat OSA could arise from the complexities in delivering and maintaining adequate weight management, particularly in sleep clinic settings. Recently, incretin-based pharmacotherapies including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists alone or combined with glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists have been developed to target glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. These medications also slow gastric emptying and reduce energy intake. In randomized, placebo-controlled trials of these medications in diabetic and non-diabetic populations with obesity, participants on active medication lost up to 20% of their body weight, with corresponding improvements in blood pressure, lipid levels, physical functioning, and fat mass loss. Their adverse effects are predominantly gastrointestinal-related, mild, and transient. There are trials currently underway within individuals with obesity-related OSA, with a focus on reduction in weight, OSA severity, and cardio-metabolic outcomes. These medications have the potential to substantially disrupt the management of OSA. Pending coming data, we will need to consider pharmacological weight loss as a first-line therapy and how that influences training and management guidelines.
Identifying emergent themes of students’ transition to university mathematics: a qualitative inquiry with a focus on affective factors
Authors: Uysal Seyda , Clark Kathleen Michelle 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present the findings from our inquiry conducted between spring 2019 and spring 2020. It focused on women and students from underrepresented or marginalized populations as they navigated moments in their transition from school to university mathematics, or the secondary-tertiary transition (STT) in mathematics. We draw on Di Martino & Zan’s (2010) three-dimensional model of attitude (TMA), in which they reify the role of various affective factors of the STT. We used this model to capture the three affective dimensions of the STT: students’ vision of mathematics, their perceived competence in mathematics and their emotional disposition toward mathematics. Our qualitative data included participant interviews, surveys, seminar reflection diaries, seminar recordings and other student artifacts gathered from seminar sessions. In our research, we found differences and commonalities with regard to these three dimensions of the TMA between students who pursued a pure mathematics (PM) degree and those who pursued a combined degree in PM and secondary mathematics teaching (SMT) in the USA. We discuss future directions that can aid women and other historically marginalized students in navigating during STT.
Low-dose inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene induces dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rodents
Authors: Adamson Ashley , Ilieva Neda , Stone William J , De Miranda Briana R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is one of the most pervasive environmental contaminants in the world and is associated with Parkinson disease (PD) risk. Experimental models in rodents show that TCE is selectively toxic to dopaminergic neurons at high doses of ingestion, however, TCE is a highly volatile toxicant, and the primary pathway of human exposure is inhalation. As TCE is a highly lipophilic, volatile organic compound (VOC), inhalation exposure results in rapid diffusion throughout the brain, avoiding first-pass hepatic metabolism that necessitated high doses to recapitulate exposure conditions observed in human populations. We hypothesized that inhalation of TCE would induce significantly more potent neurodegeneration than ingestion and better recapitulate environmental conditions of vapor intrusion or off gassing from liquid TCE. To this end, we developed a novel, whole-body passive exposure inhalation chamber in which we exposed 10-month-old male and female Lewis rats to 50 ppm TCE (time weighted average, TWA) or filtered room air (control) over 8 weeks. In addition, we exposed 12-month-old male and female C57Bl/6 mice to 100 ppm TCE (TWA) or control over 12 weeks. Both rats and mice exposed to chronic TCE inhalation showed significant degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons as well as motor and gait impairments. TCE exposure also induced accumulation of pSer129-αSyn in dopaminergic neurons as well as microglial activation within the substantia nigra of rats. Collectively, these data indicate that TCE inhalation causes highly potent dopaminergic neurodegeneration and recapitulates some of the observed neuropathology associated with PD, providing a future platform for insight into the mechanisms and environmental conditions that influence PD risk from TCE exposure.