bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of genes associated with the silk gland size using multi‐omics in silkworm (Bombyx mori)
Authors: Sun Lindan , Sun Binbin , Chen Liang , Ge Qi , Chen Keping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSilk gland size in silkworms (Bombyx mori) affects silk output. However, the molecular mechanisms by which genes regulate silk gland size remain unclear. In this study, silk glands from three pure silkworm strains (A798, A306 and XH) with different silk gland weight phenotypes were compared using transcriptomics and proteomics to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and proteins (DEPs). When comparing A798 to A306 and A798 to XH, 830 and 469 DEGs were up‐regulated, respectively. These genes were related to the gene ontology terms, metabolic process, transport activity and biosynthesis process. In addition, 372 and 302 up‐regulated differentially expressed proteins were detected in A798 to A306 and A798 to XH, respectively, related to the gene ontology terms, ribosome and protein export, ribosome and polypeptide biosynthesis processes. Moreover, combined transcriptomics, proteomics and weighted correlation network analyses showed that five genes (BGIBMGA002524, BGIBMGA002629, BGIBMGA005659, BGIBMGA005711 and BGIBMGA010889) were significantly associated with the silk gland weight. Reverse Transcription‐quantitative real‐time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to verify the mRNA and protein expression of five genes in the silk glands and tissues of 18 silkworm strains. The results showed that four genes have higher expression levels in heavier silk glands. These genes are associated with glycogen metabolism, fatty acid synthesis and branched chain amino acid metabolism, thus potentially promoting growth and silk protein synthesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between silk gland weight and silk yield in silkworms.
ESG portfolio for TDFs with time‐varying higher moments and cardinality constraint
Authors: Liu Wenling , Jing Kui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPension funds are crucial in supporting environmentally sustainable and socially responsible investments. This paper focuses on an essential product of pension funds, target date funds (TDFs), constructing its portfolio model that considers environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investment. Our model utilizes the mean–variance–skewness–kurtosis optimization framework and accounts for the time‐varying relationship between realized higher moments and subsequent TDFs performance. A cardinality constraint is included to prevent over‐diversification and reduce costs, controlling the number of constituent funds in the TDFs. Since the model is multiobjective, we transform it into a single‐objective optimization through the investment manager's preferences. The numerical experiments represent the most suitable time‐varying higher moment strategy for the Chinese market and demonstrate the model's applicability to managers prioritizing risk over returns, which resonates well with the conservative investment of pension funds. We prove that controlling the number of constituent funds with cardinality constraint is advantageous for improving TDFs' performance. By selecting ESG funds as underlying assets, we highlight that green TDFs have better long‐term performance in terms of higher moment risk.
RETRACTED: Effect of tobacco usage on surgical site wound problems after primary total hip and total knee arthroplasty: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhu Jiwen , Si Mengdi , Huang Zongqiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe meta‐analysis aims to assess and compare the effect of tobacco usage on surgical site wound problems (SSWPs) after primary total hip and total knee arthroplasty (PTH&TKA). Using dichotomous random‐ or fixed‐effects models, the outcomes of this meta‐analysis were examined, and the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was computed. Fifteen studies from 2001 to 2023 were enrolled for the present meta‐analysis including 560 819 personals with PTH&TKA. Smokers had significantly higher SSWPs (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.21–1.94, p < 0.001) compared with non‐smokers in personals with PTH&TKA. Current smokers had significantly higher SSWPs (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.40–1.80, p < 0.001) compared with non‐smokers in personals with PTH&TKA. Current smokers had significantly higher SSWPs (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.19–1.70, p < 0.001) compared with former smokers in personals with PTH&TKA. However, former smokers and non‐smokers had no significant difference in SSWPs (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.95–1.30, p = 19) in personals with PTH&TKA. The examined data revealed that in personals with PTH&TKA smokers had significantly higher SSWPs compared with non‐smokers, and current smokers had significantly higher SSWPs compared with non‐smokers and former smokers; however, former smokers and non‐smokers had no significant difference in SSWPs. Yet, attention should be implemented while relating to its values since some of the comparisons were made using a low number of selected studies.
Redox enhanced slow ion kinetics in oxide ceramics
Authors: Dong Yanhao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a growing interest in field‐assisted fast ceramic processing and long‐term service of electrochemical devices under harsh operation conditions. These extreme redox conditions can make some conventionally thought slow ions highly mobile in electrochemical materials and devices and greatly accelerate the microstructural evolution. Experimental observations for enhanced slow ion diffusion that controls mass transport include accelerated grain growth in zirconia and ceria under atmospheric and electrochemical reduction above 1000°C and lattice cavitation of high‐voltage Li‐rich layered cathodes of lithium‐ion batteries at room temperature. These observations cannot be explained by altered defect concentrations under defect chemistry arguments. Instead, they support hugely enhanced slow ion mobility. My colleagues and I recently proposed a new mechanism resulted from strong electron–phonon interactions and dynamic electronic relaxations at the saddle point of an ion hopping event, which significantly lowers the ion migration barrier. In this perspective article, the theory and its experimental and computational supports shall be discussed. Such an electronic effect holds even in nominally ionic ceramic materials with wide bandgaps and is expected to be general in many transition metal oxides. It rationalizes a variety of intriguing experimental observations and offers an electronic perspective on the redox enhancement of slow ion kinetics in structural, functional, and energy ceramics.
A Pd@ZIF‐62/TiC membrane electrode for efficient electrochemical hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wang Xuejiao , Pi Guangguang , Yang Jianye , Wu Kai , Li Yanshuo , Fang Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeveloping a highly active and stable electrode with a controllable size is greatly demanded to satisfy the large‐scale application of electrochemical hydrogen production via water splitting. To overcome this challenge, a novel binder‐free membrane electrode comprising Pd anchored on ZIF‐62 glass supported on a porous TiC substrate has been developed to catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in both acidic and alkaline conditions. The optimal Pd@ZIF‐62/TiC membrane electrode only requires a stable overpotential of ∼90 mV to reach a current density of 30 mA cm−2 within 20 h of operation. The outstanding HER performance of such electrode can be ascribed to its unique porous membrane structure, which accelerates the mass transfer kinetics of electrolyte ions and in situ generated hydrogen bubbles. As the Pd decorated molten ZIF‐62 glass penetrated heavily into the TiC support pores, a very strong adhesion between Pd@ZIF‐62 electrocatalytic layer and TiC substrate could be formed, which lowers the interfacial resistance between the catalyst and its substrate as well as promotes the charge transfer kinetics of HER electrode.
Barriers and facilitators associated with the implementation of surgical safety checklists: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Paterson Catherine , Mckie A. , Turner M. , Kaak V. 
Published: September 2023

AimDespite the documented benefits of the World Health Organisation Patient Safety Checklist compliance rates with implementation continue to cause risk to patient safety. This qualitative systematic review aimed to explore the reported factors that impact compliance and implementation processes related to surgical safety checklists in perioperative settings.DesignA qualitative systematic review.MethodsA systematic review using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) approach to synthesize qualitative studies was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Electronic databases were expansively searched using keywords and subject headings. Articles were assessed using a pre‐selected eligibility criterion. Data extraction and quality appraisal was undertaken for all included studies and a meta‐aggregation performed.Data SourcesThe CINAHL, Medline and Scopus databases were searched in August 2022 and the search was repeated in June 2023.Results34 studies were included. Following the synthesis of the findings there were multiple interrelating barriers to checklist compliance that impacted implementation. There were more barriers than enablers reported in existing studies. Enablers included effective leadership, education and training, timely use of audit and feedback, local champions, and the option for local modifications to the surgical checklist. Further research should focus on targeted interventions that improve observed compliance rates to optimize patient safety.ConclusionThis qualitative systematic review identified multiple key factors that influenced the uptake of the Surgical Safety Checklist in operating theatres.Implications for the profession and/or patient careSurgeon participation, hierarchical culture, complacency, and duplication of existing safety processes were identified which impacted the use and completion of the checklist.
Stress and burnout in nursing home and égida workers during COVID‐19
Authors: Navarro‐Prados Ana‐Belén , Rodríguez‐Ramírez Yanielis , Satorres Encarnacion , Meléndez Juan C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsFinding out whether there are differences in the levels of stress and burnout between workers providing care to dependent adults and those caring for independent older adults would provide comparative information about two different models of care. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, workers caring for older adults were subjected to maladaptive situations that produced stress and burnout.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design using the STROBE checklist.MethodsA total of 900 nursing home and égidas workers were assessed for stress and burnout. Data were collected online from October 2020 to February 2021, when Puerto Rico was experiencing the peak of the third wave of COVID‐19. MANOVAs were performed to study the interactions between the workplace and having had COVID, the workplace and the size of institution and the workplace and position held.Data SourcesOctober 2020 to February 2021.ResultsAll interactions were significant. Nursing homes showed higher levels of stress and burnout when workers had undergone COVID, when the size of the institution was larger and for technical staff other services; in égidas, having undergone COVID did not influence stress or burnout, which increased when the institution was smaller and for executive staff.ConclusionsThis study showed that the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic affected nursing home workers more significantly than those working in other types of residential models with independent older adults.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareApplying preventive interventions aimed at reducing stress and burnout would facilitate the adaptation of workers caring for older adults and help to improve the quality of care.ImpactThis study analysed the impact of COVID‐19 on the stress and burnout of workers providing services to older adults. Nursing home workers who have had COVID‐19 have higher stress and burnout. The size of the institution has a different effect depending on whether older adults are dependent or independent. Workers in institutions dedicated to the care of the older adults.Reporting MethodThis study has adhered to the relevant EQUATOR guidelines: STROBE.Patient or Public ContributionDuring the different waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic, it was difficult to establish direct contact with workers providing care to older adults; this reason made it necessary to apply online systems to obtain information. The workers appreciated the fact that the implications for stress and burnout of the situation experienced during this difficult process were investigated.
Red and melanized focal changes in white skeletal muscle in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Comparative analysis of farmed, wild and hybrid fish reared under identical conditions
Authors: Brimsholm Malin , Fjelldal Per Gunnar , Hansen Tom , Fraser Thomas Kenneth William , Solberg Monica , Glover Kevin , Koppang Erling Olaf , Bjørgen Håvard 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSelective breeding plays a vital role in the production of farmed Atlantic salmon and has shown success in many aspects. Still, challenges related to fish health and welfare continue to result in significant economic losses. One such challenge is red and melanized focal changes (RFC/MFC), which result from acute and chronic inflammation, respectively, in the skeletal muscle. Importantly, RFC/MFC has not been observed in wild Atlantic salmon, suggesting that both external and genetic factors may contribute to the development of inflammation. To investigate the underlying cause of RFC/MFC, we conducted a study involving 1854 Atlantic salmon of farmed, wild and hybrid origin. All fish were reared under identical conditions to minimize the influence of external factors. Throughout the production cycle, the fish was monitored for growth parameters and examined for RFC/MFC using macroscopic and histological analysis. We found no association between the experimental groups and the presence of RFC/MFC. Histological investigations revealed melano‐macrophages in the soft tissue in freshwater smolt, although no macroscopic discoloration was observed. MFC showed granulomas in various stages, suggesting a complex progression of the condition. In summary, we conclude that RFC/MFC is primarily caused by external factors found in the rearing facilities of farmed Atlantic salmon.
Cut‐off scores of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale‐8: Implications for improving the management of chronic pain
Authors: Ali Amira Mohammed , Alameri Rana Ali , Brooks Tiffany , Ali Tazeen Saeed , Ibrahim Nashwa , Khatatbeh Haitham , Pakai Annamaria , Alkhamees Abdulmajeed A. , Al‐Dossary Saeed A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimMental distress, non‐specific symptoms of depression and anxiety, is common in chronic pelvic pain (CPP). It contributes to poor recovery. Women's health nurses operate in multidisciplinary teams to facilitate the assessment and treatment of CPP. However, valid cut‐off points for identifying highly distressed patients are lacking, entailing a gap in CPP management.DesignThis instrumental cross‐sectional study identified a statistically derived cut‐off score for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale‐8 (DASS‐8) among 214 Australian women with CPP (mean age = 33.3, SD = 12.4, range = 13–71 years).MethodsReceiver operator characteristic curve, decision trees and K‐means clustering techniques were used to examine the predictive capacity of the DASS‐8 for psychiatric comorbidity, pain severity, any medication intake, analgesic intake and sexual abuse. The study is prepared according to the STROBE checklist.ResultsCut‐off points resulting from the analysis were ordered ascendingly. The median (13.0) was chosen as an optimal cut‐off score for predicting key outcomes. Women with DASS‐8 scores below 15.5 had higher analgesic intake.ConclusionCPP women with a DASS‐8 score above 13.0 express greater pain severity, psychiatric comorbidity and polypharmacy. Thus, they may be a specific target for nursing interventions dedicated to alleviating pain through the management of associated co‐morbidities.Implications for patient careAt a cut‐off point of 13.0, the DASS‐8 may be a practical instrument for recommending a thorough clinician‐based examination for psychiatric comorbidity to facilitate adequate CPP management. It may be useful for evaluating patients' response to nursing pain management efforts. Replications of the study in different populations/countries are warranted.
The association between weight‐adjusted‐waist index and self‐reported infertility among women of reproductive age in the United States
Authors: He Qinyuan , Chen Chen , Bai Shufen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine whether the weight‐adjusted‐waist index (WWI) affected infertility in women of childbearing age in the United States.MethodsIn this study, a database from the 2013 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was used. We analyzed 3374 participants' data cross‐sectionally. The survey used WWI and fertility status as independent and dependent variables. To determine the effect of WWI, an analysis of the independent relationship between WWI and infertility was conducted using weighted multivariable logistic regression and a generalized additive mode (GAM). A smooth curve fitting test was used to calculate whether there was a linear association between WWI and the incidence rate of infertility, as well as subgroup analyses and interaction tests.ResultsThe prevalence of infertility was 10.19% among 3374 participants. Higher WWI quartiles were associated with higher infertility rates. Based on a fully adjusted model, the effects of WWI on fertility were positive (odds ratio = 1.39, 95% confidence interval: 1.17–1.66). As a result of smooth curve fitting, the association was linear across the entire WWI. Different characteristics were associated with different risks of infertility in subgroup analysis.ConclusionAmong women of reproductive age in the United States, WWI levels were positively associated with infertility. This relationship needs to be confirmed by further studies.
Presentation and primary care management of temporomandibular disorders: A survey of primary care dentists in Santiago and Newcastle
Authors: Penlington Chris , Palmer Julia , Martinez‐Telchi Daniela , Durham Justin , Valentine Tobar Lahosa , Casals Maria Jose , Oyarzo Juan Fernando 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrimary care dentists are often the first point of call for people with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) but it is not known how many people present to their dentist with TMD or the forms of first‐line management that are routinely offered.ObjectivesTo report rates of presentation of TMD and management offered in primary care by general dental practitioners in two similarly urban areas, Santiago, Chile and North‐East England.MethodsAn online survey was developed and distributed to primary care dentists in both regions. Descriptive data were presented to quantify presentation rates and forms of management offered.ResultsResponses were received from 215 dentists practising in Chile and 46 in Newcastle. The majority reported seeing 1–2 patients weekly with TMD and less than one new presentation each week. Symptoms were most often treated conservatively and with self‐management according to international guidelines. The form of self‐management varied however and verbal instructions were often not backed up by written information.ConclusionsThis research provides a useful starting point in understanding the presentation to, and initial treatment of TMD in primary care internationally. Limitations included the method of recruitment and potentially non‐representative samples. Further research could build on this work by including more countries and using more structured sampling methods. The work will be useful in understanding and planning early care pathways for people experiencing TMD.
Provision of colonoscopy in rural settings: A qualitative assessment of provider context, barriers, facilitators, and capacity
Authors: Ramalingam NithyaPriya , Coury Jennifer , Barnes Chrystal , Kenzie Erin S. , Petrik Amanda F. , Mummadi Rajasekhara R. , Coronado Gloria , Davis Melinda M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeColonoscopy can prevent morbidity and mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC) and is the most commonly used screening method in the United States. Barriers to colonoscopy at multiple levels can contribute to disparities. Yet, in rural settings, little is known about who delivers colonoscopy and facilitators and barriers to colonoscopy access through screening completion.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study with providers in rural Oregon who worked in endoscopy centers or primary care clinics. Semistructured interviews, conducted in July and August, 2021, focused on clinician experiences providing colonoscopy to rural Medicaid patients, including workflows, barriers, and access. We used thematic analysis, through immersion crystallization, to analyze interview transcripts and develop emergent themes.FindingsWe interviewed 19 providers. We found two categories of colonoscopy providers: primary care providers (PCPs) doing colonoscopy on their own patients (n = 9; 47%) and general surgeons providing colonoscopy to patients referred to their services (n = 10; 53%). Providers described barriers to colonoscopy at the provider, community, and patient levels and suggested patient supports could help overcome them. Providers found current colonoscopy capacity sufficient, but noted PCPs trained to perform colonoscopy would be key to continued accessibility. Finally, providers shared concerns about the shrinking number of PCP endoscopists, especially with anticipated increased screening demand related to the CRC screening guideline shift.ConclusionsThese themes reflect opportunities to address multilevel barriers to improve access, colonoscopy capacity, and patient education approaches. Our results highlight that PCPs are an essential part of the workforce that provides colonoscopy in rural areas.
“The heat of a multitudinous assembly”: Striking short fiction and the rise of feminist potencia
Authors: Sinclair Madeleine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article considers how a recent wave of Latin American short fiction captures with immediate topicality new forms of transversal political subjectivity engendered by the international feminist reinvention of the strike in the 21st century. Drawing on Verónica Gago's theorization of the political cartography of feminist potencia (power), alongside the work of Silvia Federici, Rita Segato and Sayak Valencia, it considers how the short story form facilitates a strategic recognition of interconnected violences perpetrated against women and feminized bodies, “mapping forms of violence based on their organic connection, without losing sight of the singularity of the production of the nexus between them” (Gago, 2020, p. 58). In particular, the article examines two exemplary short story collections, Cars on Fire (2020) by Mónica Ramón Ríos and Things We Lost in the Fire (2017) by Mariana Enríquez, considering how these writers repurpose the potential for socio‐criticism embedded in the fantastical short story by offering a multi‐focal critique of how patriarchy and gender violence interact with the structural inequalities unleashed by neoliberal capitalism. The article also considers how these riotous collections mediate the transversal fabric of communitarian struggle in feminist imaginaries, drawing narrative energy from the localised proliferation of neighbourhood assemblies and solidarity networks, while speaking to transnational feminist movements more broadly.