bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic competition between 2 pupal parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: Garcez Amanda Montandon , Krüger Alexandra Peter , Nava Dori Edson 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The parasitoids Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae Rondani (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and Trichopria anastrephae Costa Lima (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) have great potential in controlling Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura); however, both, compete for the same resources. In this study, we evaluated whether the different stages of development of the primary parasitoid reduce the negative effect of intrinsic competition. For this, we first defined the duration of each immature stage of both parasitoid species and then offered D. suzukii pupae containing the first parasitoid (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) at different stages of development to the second parasitoid (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae). We also checked the second parasitoid’s preference (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) for the primary parasitoid at different stages of development (P. vindemmiae or T. anastrephae) or D. suzukii pupae nonparasitized. Our evaluations showed that T. anastrephae preferred to parasitize pupae that were not previously parasitized and that had not parasitized puparia of D. suzukii when P. vindemmiae was in later stage to the 1st instar. However, P. vindemmiae preferred to parasitize pupae previously parasitized by T. anastrephae. In an environment of intrinsic competition, the first parasitoid to parasitize has an advantage, except when the pupal stage of T. anastrephae is parasitized by P. vindemmiae. The variation in the parasitoids’ oviposition time mitigates the competition effect; however, for use in biological control programs, the hyperparasitoids P. vindemmiae, does not prove to be advantageous, as they can affect the establishment of primary parasitoids such as T. anastrephae, and can act as competitors for resources.
Aesthetic Higher-Order Evidence for Subjectivists
Authors: Mag Uidhir Christy , Oliveira Luis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAesthetic subjectivism takes the truth of aesthetic judgement to be relative to the individual making that judgement. Despite widespread suspicion, however, this does not mean that one cannot be wrong about such judgement. Accordingly, this does not mean that one cannot gain higher-order evidence of error and fallibility that bears on the rationality of the aesthetic judgement in question. In this paper, we explain and explore these issues in some detail.
Opportunities for recycling in an automated clinical chemistry laboratory produced by the comprehensive metabolic panel
Authors: Glover Raeshun T , Booth Garrett S , Wiencek Joesph R 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Clinical laboratories perform a variety of tests for which biomedical waste is a byproduct. Of these, the complete metabolic panel (CMP) produces a significant portion of this waste. We investigated specific waste subsequent to performing CMPs over the course of a year and analyzed what percentage of the waste produced could have been recycled.

Methods
Patient testing volumes were collected retrospectively from July 14, 2021, to July 14, 2022, for individual assays within the CMP performed on Abbott Alinity c instruments (n = 6). The average weights for components of the reagent kits, which includes wedges, boxes, and package inserts, were calculated. These weights, in conjunction with total patient testing volumes, were used to determine the amount of waste produced.

Results
A total of 1089.2 kg of reagent kit waste was estimated to be produced by performing CMPs throughout a year. Of this waste, most (855.5 kg) was not recyclable, but a subset (233.6 kg) was. Overall, 21.4% of the total specific waste weight was found to be recyclable.

Conclusions
The CMP contributes a substantial amount of waste when performed on chemistry analyzer platforms in the clinical laboratory. Paper inserts and cardboard packaging, however, presented opportunities for recycling.
Mating assortment and the strength of sexual selection in a polyandrous population of Cook Strait giant weta
Authors: Kelly Clint D , Gwynne Darryl T 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolyandry can profoundly affect the strength of pre-copulatory sexual selection acting on males because each additional mate acquired by a female means that, all else being equal, a male’s paternity share declines. However, accruing additional mates could benefit male fitness if males with greater mating success also tend to have less promiscuous females as partners. If this is indeed the case, then males should experience strong sexual selection to acquire more mates. We tested these predictions by collecting detailed mating data on male and female Cook Strait giant weta (Deinacrida rugosa) in the wild via daily radio tracking. Our sexual network-based approach indeed revealed that the most polygynous male D. rugosa mated the least polyandrous females. This finding therefore suggests that the most successful males likely face lower intensities of sperm competition and so should be selected to accrue more mates. Further, our selection analysis revealed significant pre-copulatory sexual selection on males with those having relatively smaller body size, lighter body mass, and longer legs accruing more mates than otherwise. Thus, it appears that both pre- and post-copulatory episodes of sexual selection reinforce the same male phenotype.
Intraoperative functional remapping unveils evolving patterns of cortical plasticity
Authors: Ng Sam , Valdes Pablo A , Moritz-Gasser Sylvie , Lemaitre Anne-Laure , Duffau Hugues , Herbet Guillaume 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The efficiency with which the brain reorganizes following injury not only depends on the extent and the severity of the lesion, but also on its temporal features. It is established that diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGG), brain tumours with a slow-growth rate, induce a compensatory modulation of the anatomo-functional architecture, making this kind of tumours an ideal lesion model to study the dynamics of neuroplasticity. Direct electrostimulation (DES) mapping is a well-tried procedure used during awake resection surgeries to identify and spare cortical epicentres which are critical for a range of functions. Because DLGG is a chronic disease, it inevitably relapses years after the initial surgery, and thus requires a second surgery to reduce tumour volume again. In this context, contrasting the cortical mappings obtained during two sequential neurosurgeries offers a unique opportunity to both identify and characterize the dynamic (i.e. re-evolving) patterns of cortical re-arrangements.
Here, we capitalized on an unprecedented series of 101 DLGG patients who benefited from two DES-guided neurosurgeries usually spaced several years apart, resulting in a large DES dataset of 2082 cortical sites. All sites (either non-functional or associated with language, speech, motor, somatosensory and semantic processing) were recorded in Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space. Next, we used a multi-step approach to generate probabilistic neuroplasticity maps that reflected the dynamic rearrangements of cortical mappings from one surgery to another, both at the population and individual level.
Voxel-wise neuroplasticity maps revealed regions with a relatively high potential of evolving reorganizations at the population level, including the supplementary motor area (SMA, Pmax = 0.63), the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC, Pmax = 0.61), the anterior ventral premotor cortex (vPMC, Pmax = 0.43) and the middle superior temporal gyrus (STG Pmax = 0.36). Parcel-wise neuroplasticity maps confirmed this potential for the dlPFC (Fisher's exact test, PFDR-corrected = 6.6 × 10−5), the anterior (PFDR-corrected = 0.0039) and the ventral precentral gyrus (PFDR-corrected = 0.0058). A series of clustering analyses revealed a topological migration of clusters, especially within the left dlPFC and STG (language sites); the left vPMC (speech arrest/dysarthria sites) and the right SMA (negative motor response sites). At the individual level, these dynamic changes were confirmed for the dlPFC (bilateral), the left vPMC and the anterior left STG (threshold free cluster enhancement, 5000 permutations, family-wise error-corrected).
Taken as a whole, our results provide a critical insight into the dynamic potential of DLGG-induced continuing rearrangements of the cerebral cortex, with considerable implications for re-operations.
“Are you me?”: understanding the political potential of feminist identity spaces on Reddit during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Laughlin Corrina , Li Meng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study we performed a critical discourse analysis of the r/workingmoms subreddit during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic (March–May 2020). Using this data we argue that Reddit’s platform can facilitate what we schematize as feminist “identity spaces.” We use the heuristic of “spaces” rather than “networks” or “online communities” and connect this theorization to our understanding of the discursive work on the subreddit which facilitates in-group communication and situated structural critique. However, we also interrogate the political possibilities of identity spaces and understand them as a symptom of what Angela McRobbie has called “the cultural politics of disarticulation.” Ultimately, we argue that the same platform affordances that allow for identity spaces to thrive also limit their political potency and we frame this within Lauren Berlant’s theorization of “cruel optimism.”
Combined cold, heat and power (CCHP) systems and fuel cells for CCHP applications: a topological review
Authors: Bayendang Nganyang Paul , Kahn Mohamed Tariq , Balyan Vipin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As the basis for the study, this manuscript was written at a time when the energy crisis is affecting most parts of the world and most especially the prevailing and rampant electricity crisis in most developing countries. As a result, 50 combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) systems studies were reviewed, which included the internal combustion engine (ICE), Stirling engine, biomass, micro turbine, solar and biogas, photovoltaic (PV) and gas turbine, wind turbine, PV and micro-turbine, solid-oxide and phosphoric-acid fuel cells (FCs), ICE and thermoelectric generator, low-temperature (LT) polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), inlet air throttling gas turbine, ground source heat pump (GSHP) micro gas turbine and PV, ICE and GSHP, ICE with dehumidification and refrigeration, 5-kW PEM FC, thermoelectric cooler and LT-PEM FC, Stirling engine and molten carbonate FC, thermo-acoustic organic Rankine cycle, solar-thermal, geothermal, integrated energy systems, power- and heat-storage systems, energy-conversion systems, thermodynamic and thermo-economic optimization strategies, working fluids based on hydrogen, helium as well as ammonia, H2O, CO2 etc. Of these reviewed CCHP systems, FC-based CCHP systems were of the greatest interest, particularly the PEM FC. Consequently, FCs were further investigated, whereby the seven popular types of FCs identified and classified were summarily compared with each other, from which the PEM FC was preferred due to its practical popularity. However, PEM FCs, like all FCs, are susceptible to the fuel-starvation phenomenon; therefore, six FC-assisted schemes were examined, from which the FC assisted with the supercapacitor and battery technique was the most widely applied. In sum, the significance of the study entails assorted CCHP systems, FCs, their highlights, their applications and their pros and cons in a single reference document that anyone can easily use to holistically understand the characteristics of the CCHP systems. The study concludes with our perspective, by which we formulate and propose an alternative innovative unique CCHP system model under research, which is based exclusively on green technologies: FCs, lithium-ion battery, ultracapacitor, thermoelectricity and an energy-management system using MATLAB®.
Evidence for adaptation of Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) on large-thorn hawthorn, Crataegus macracantha, in Okanogan County, Washington State, USA
Authors: Yee Wee L , Milnes Joshua M , Goughnour Robert B , Bush Michael R , Ray Hood Glen , Feder Jeffrey L 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae), was introduced from eastern North America into western North America via infested apples (Malus domestica Borkhausen) about 44 yr ago, where it subsequently adapted to 2 hawthorn species, Crataegus douglasii Lindley and C. monogyna Jacquin. Here, we test whether R. pomonella has also adapted to large-thorn hawthorn, Crataegus macracantha Loddiges ex Loudon, in Okanogan County, Washington State, USA. In 2020, 2021, and 2022, fruit of C. macracantha were shown to ripen in late September and were infested at rates from 0.7% to 3.0%. In laboratory rearing studies, large-thorn hawthorn flies from C. macracantha eclosed on average 9–19 days later than apple flies from earlier ripening apple (August–early September), consistent with large-thorn hawthorn flies having adapted to the later fruiting phenology of its host. In a laboratory no-choice test, significantly fewer (64.8%) large-thorn hawthorn than apple flies visited apples. In choice tests, greater percentages of large-thorn hawthorn than apple flies resided on and oviposited into C. macracantha versus apple fruit. Large-thorn hawthorn flies were also smaller in size than apple flies. Our results provide further support for the recursive adaptation hypothesis that R. pomonella has rapidly and independently specialized phenologically and behaviorally to different novel hawthorn hosts since its introduction into the Pacific Northwest of the USA, potentially leading to host race formation.
Political Activists as Free Riders: Evidence from a Natural Field Experiment
Authors: Hager Anselm , Hensel Lukas , Hermle Johannes , Roth Christopher 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHow does a citizen’s decision to participate in political activism depend on the participation of others? We conduct a nationwide natural field experiment in collaboration with a major European party during a recent national election. In a party survey, we randomly provide canvassers with true information about the canvassing intentions of their peers. When learning that more peers participate in canvassing than previously believed, canvassers significantly reduce both their canvassing intentions and behaviour. An additional survey among party supporters underscores the importance of free-riding motives and reveals that there is strong heterogeneity in motives underlying supporters’ behavioural responses.
Continuity of care and treatment intensity at the end of life in Swiss cancer patients
Authors: Bähler Caroline , Näpflin Markus , Scherer Martin , Blozik Eva 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Continuity of care (COC) was shown to be associated with fewer hospitalizations. We aimed to evaluate whether COC was associated with intensive intervention(s) at the end of life (IEOL), a preference-sensitive outcome, in cancer patients.

Methods
The study is based on claims data of patients with incident use of anti-neoplastics in Switzerland. COC Index, Usual Provider Continuity score, Sequential Continuity index and Modified Modified Continuity Index were calculated based on consultations with the usual ambulatory care physician. Treatment intensity was evaluated in the last 6 months of life, and COC was evaluated in months 18–6 before death in those who died between 24 and 54 months after incident cancer. IEOL comprised life-sustaining interventions (cardiac catheterization, cardiac assistance device implantation, pulmonary artery wedge monitoring, cardiopulmonary resuscitation/cardiac conversion, gastrostomy, blood transfusion, dialysis, mechanical ventilator utilization and intravenous antibiotics) and measures specifically used in cancer patients (last dose of chemotherapy ≤14 days of death, a new chemotherapy regimen starting &lt;30 days before death, ≥1 emergency visit in the last month of life, ≥1 hospital admission or spending &gt;14 days in hospital in the last month of life and death in an acute-care hospital).

Results
All COC scores were inversely associated with the occurrence of an IEOL, as were older age, homecare nursing utilization and density of ambulatory care physicians. For COC Index, odds ratio was 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.37–0.83).

Conclusions
COC scores were consistently and inversely related to IEOL. The study supports efforts to improve COC for cancer patients at their end of life.
Trends in public attitudes to permitting cannabis for recreational use: analysis of Irish survey data since 2002
Authors: Mongan Deirdre , Millar Seán R , O’Dwyer Claire , Galvin Brian , Smyth Bobby P 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
There has been considerable debate around the liberalization of cannabis laws in many countries. Given recent changes in cannabis policy, and the current discussion regarding cannabis legalization in Ireland, the aim of this study was to examine changes in attitudes over time towards permitting recreational cannabis use.

Methods
We analyzed data from Ireland’s 2002/03 (n = 4918); 2006/07 (n = 4967); 2010/11 (n = 5119); 2014/15 (n = 5937); 2019/20 (n = 3982) National Drug Prevalence Surveys. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine factors associated with being in favour of the use of cannabis for recreational purposes.

Results
The results indicate that there is minority support for permitting recreational cannabis use, which ranged from 19.1% in 2006/07 to 29.9% in 2019/20. In multivariable analysis being male and living in Dublin were significant predictors of agreeing with recreational cannabis use, as were being either a recent or past cannabis user, knowing cannabis users, perceiving cannabis use as not being a great risk, and not disapproving of cannabis use. Subjects aged less than 35 years and those who had completed primary education only were significantly less likely to agree with permitting recreational cannabis use.

Conclusion
The results from this study indicate that there is minority support for allowing recreational cannabis use. Support was highest among recent cannabis users, consistent with previous studies. The relative lack of support for recreational cannabis use among younger respondents was surprising and warrants further research.
Climate-driven shifts in plant and fungal communities can lead to topsoil carbon loss in alpine ecosystems
Authors: Moravcová Andrea , Barbi Florian , Brabcová Vendula , Cajthaml Tomáš , Martinović Tijana , Soudzilovskaia Nadia , Vlk Lukáš , Baldrian Petr , Kohout Petr 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Alpine tundra ecosystems suffer from ongoing warming-induced tree encroachment and vegetation shifts. While the effects of tree line expansion on the alpine ecosystem receive a lot of attention, there is also an urgent need for understanding the effect of climate change on shifts within alpine vegetation itself, and how these shifts will consequently affect soil microorganisms and related ecosystem characteristics such as carbon storage. For this purpose, we explored relationships between climate, soil chemistry, vegetation, and fungal communities across seven mountain ranges at 16 alpine tundra locations in Europe. Among environmental factors, our data highlighted that plant community composition had the most important influence on variation in fungal community composition when considered in combination with other factors, while climatic factors had the most important influence solely. According to our results, we suggest that rising temperature, associated with a replacement of ericoid-dominated alpine vegetation by non-mycorrhizal or arbuscular mycorrhizal herbs and grasses, will induce profound changes in fungal communities toward higher dominance of saprotrophic and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at the expense of fungal root endophytes. Consequently, topsoil fungal biomass and carbon content will decrease.
Bridging the gap with bacterial art
Authors: Frankel Eve , Temple Jasmine , Dikener Eliz , Berkmen Mehmet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLiving art made with bacteria is gaining global attention, spreading from laboratories into the public domain: from school STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, the Arts, and Mathematics) events to art galleries, museums, community labs, and ultimately to the studios of microbial artists. Bacterial art is a synthesis of science and art that can lead to developments in both fields. Through the ‘universal language of art’, many social and preconceived ideas—including abstract scientific concepts—can be challenged and brought to the public attention in a unique way. By using bacteria to create publicly accessible art pieces, the barriers between humans and microbes can be lessened, and the artificial separation of the fields of science and art may be brought one step closer. Here, we document the history, impact, and current moment in the field of microbiologically inspired art for the benefit of educators, students, and the interested public. We provide a comprehensive historical background and examples of ancient bacterial art from cave paintings to uses in modern synthetic biology, a simple protocol for conducting bacterial art in a safe and responsible manner, a discussion of the artificial separation of science and art, and the future implications of art made from living microbes.
An engineered Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 increase the production of indole lactic acid in the gut
Authors: Dimopoulou Chrysoula , Bongers Mareike , Pedersen Mikael , Bahl Martin I , Sommer Morten O A , Laursen Martin F , Licht Tine R 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The expanding knowledge of the health impacts of the metabolic activities of the gut microbiota reinforces the current interest in engineered probiotics. Tryptophan metabolites, in particular indole lactic acid (ILA), are attractive candidates as potential therapeutic agents. ILA is a promising compound with multiple beneficial effects, including amelioration colitis in rodent models of necrotizing enterocolitis, as well as improved infant immune system maturation. In this work, we engineered and characterized in vitro and in vivo an Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 strain that produces ILA. The 2-step metabolic pathway comprises aminotransferases native of E. coli and a dehydrogenase introduced from Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis. Our results show a robust engineered probiotic that produces 73.4 ± 47.2 nmol and 149 ± 123.6 nmol of ILA per gram of fecal and cecal matter, respectively, three days after colonization in a mouse model. In addition, hereby is reported an engineered-probiotic-related increase of ILA in the systemic circulation of the treated mice. This strain serves as proof of concept for the transfer of capacity to produce ILA in vivo and as ILA emerges as a potent microbial metabolite against gastrointestinal inflammation, further development of this strain offers efficient options for ILA-focused therapeutic interventions in situ.