bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic pathway analysis of hyperuricaemia patients with hyperlipidaemia based on high-throughput mass spectrometry: a case‒control study
Authors: Wei Xue , Jia Xiaodong , Liu Rui , Zhang Sha , Liu Shixuan , An Jing , Zhou Lei , Zhang Yushi , Mo Yuanning , Li Xiao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Both hyperuricaemia and hyperlipidaemia are common metabolic diseases that are closely related to each other, and both are independent risk factors for the development of a variety of diseases. HUA combined with hyperlipidaemia increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and coronary heart disease. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between HUA and hyperlipidaemia and study the metabolic pathway changes in patients with HUA associated with hyperlipidaemia using metabolomics.

Methods
This was a case‒control study. The prevalence of hyperlipidaemia in HUA patients in the physical examination population of Tianjin Union Medical Centre in 2018 was investigated. Metabolomics analysis was performed on 308 HUA patients and 100 normal controls using Orbitrap mass spectrometry. A further metabolomics study of 30 asymptomatic HUA patients, 30 HUA patients with hyperlipidaemia, and 30 age-and sex-matched healthy controls was conducted. Differential metabolites were obtained from the three groups by orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis, and relevant metabolic pathways changes were analysed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 software.

Results
The prevalence of hyperlipidaemia in HUA patients was 69.3%. Metabolomic analysis found that compared with the control group, 33 differential metabolites, including arachidonic acid, alanine, aspartate, phenylalanine and tyrosine, were identified in asymptomatic HUA patients. Pathway analysis showed that these changes were mainly related to 3 metabolic pathways, including the alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism pathway. Thirty-eight differential metabolites, including linoleic acid, serine, glutamate, and tyrosine, were identified in HUA patients with hyperlipidaemia. Pathway analysis showed that they were mainly related to 7 metabolic pathways, including the linoleic acid metabolism pathway, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis pathway, and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathway.

Conclusions
Compared to the general population, the HUA population had a higher incidence of hyperlipidaemia. HUA can cause hyperlipidaemia. by affecting the metabolic pathways of linoleic acid metabolism and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. Fatty liver is closely associated with changes in the biosynthesis pathway of pahenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan in HUA patients with hyperlipidaemia. Changes in the glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathway in HUA patients with hyperlipidaemia may lead to chronic kidney disease.
Adverse effects of low serum lipoprotein cholesterol on the immune microenvironment in gastric cancer: a case‒control study
Authors: Zou Yi , Yu Xiaoyan , Zhou Chenqi , Zhu Chunpeng , Yuan Ying 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Cholesterol is crucial for tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remodeling. Serum lipoprotein cholesterol is closely associated with gastric cancer (GC) progression, but whether it affects TIME remodeling is unknown.

Methods
GC patients with differential serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were collected. After balancing the baseline, immunohistochemical staining was performed on serial whole-tissue sections to detect B-cell and T-cell subsets, macrophages, and PD-L1. Features of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and the extra-TLS zone, including TLS distribution and maturation, immune cell density, and PD-L1 expression, were measured by annotating TLSs or regions of interest (ROIs) in the extra-TLS zone.

Results
A total of 9,192 TLSs and over 300 ROIs from 61 patients were measured. Compared to HDL-normal patients, HDL-low patients had a decreased secondary-TLS fraction or density but an elevated NK-cell density in the extra-TLS zone. Compared to LDL-normal patients, LDL-low patients had a higher ratio of PD-1 + T follicular helper cells to CD20 + B cells in TLSs, a higher ratio of PD-1 + T cells to CD8 + T cells and increased PD-1 + T-cell density in the extra-TLS zone. Different correlations were found in groups with differential HDL or LDL levels. Cell dynamics in the immune response were weaker in patients with low lipoprotein cholesterol. TLS parameters reached their peak earlier than those of the extra-TLS zone along with tumor progression.

Conclusion
Low serum lipoprotein cholesterol caused adverse effects on antitumor immunity in GC. Lipid management or immunometabolic drugs deserve more attention.
Auto-antibodies against type I IFNs in > 10% of critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective multicentre study
Authors: Arrestier Romain , Bastard Paul , Belmondo Thibaut , Voiriot Guillaume , Urbina Tomas , Luyt Charles-Edouard , Gervais Adrian , Bizien Lucy , Segaux Lauriane , Ben Ahmed Mariem , Bellaïche Raphaël , Pham Taï , Ait-Hamou Zakaria , Roux Damien , Clere-Jehl Raphael , Azoulay Elie , Gaudry Stéphane , Mayaux Julien , Fage Nicolas , Ait-Oufella Hafid , Moncomble Elsa , Parfait Mélodie , Dorgham Karim , Gorochov Guy , Mekontso-Dessap Armand , Canoui-Poitrine Florence , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Hue Sophie , de Prost Nicolas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Auto-antibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I interferons (IFN) have been found in about 15% of critical cases COVID-19 pneumonia and less than 1% of mild or asymptomatic cases. Determining whether auto-Abs influence presentation and outcome of critically ill COVID-19 patients could lead to specific therapeutic interventions. Our objectives were to compare the severity at admission and the mortality of patients hospitalized for critical COVID-19 in ICU with versus without auto-Abs.

Results
We conducted a prospective multicentre cohort study including patients admitted in 11 intensive care units (ICUs) from Great Paris area hospitals with proven SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute respiratory failure. 925 critically ill COVID-19 patients were included. Auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFN-α2, β and/or ω were found in 96 patients (10.3%). Demographics and comorbidities did not differ between patients with versus without auto-Abs. At ICU admission, Auto-Abs positive patients required a higher FiO2 (100% (70–100) vs. 90% (60–100), p = 0.01), but were not different in other characteristics. Mortality at day 28 was not different between patients with and without auto-Abs (18.7 vs. 23.7%, p = 0.279). In multivariable analysis, 28-day mortality was associated with age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.06 [1.04–1.08], p < 0.001), SOFA score (aOR = 1.18 [1.12–1.23], p < 0.001) and immunosuppression (aOR = 1.82 [1.1–3.0], p = 0.02), but not with the presence of auto-Abs (aOR = 0.69 [0.38–1.26], p = 0.23).

Conclusions
In ICU patients, auto-Abs against type I IFNs were found in at least 10% of patients with critical COVID-19 pneumonia. They were not associated with day 28 mortality.
Frailty is a stronger predictor of death in younger intensive care patients than in older patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: De Geer Lina , Fredrikson Mats , Chew Michelle S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
While frailty is a known predictor of adverse outcomes in older patients, its effect in younger populations is unknown. This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary-level mixed ICU to assess the impact of frailty on long-term survival in intensive care patients of different ages.

Methods
Data on premorbid frailty (Clinical Frailty Score; CFS), severity of illness (the Simplified Acute Physiology Score, third version; SAPS3), limitations of care and outcome were collected in 817 adult ICU patients. Hazard ratios (HR) for death within 180 days after ICU admission were calculated. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were used to evaluate the association of frailty with outcome in different age groups.

Results
Patients were classified into predefined age groups (18–49 years (n = 241), 50–64 (n = 188), 65–79 (n = 311) and 80 years or older (n = 77)). The proportion of frail (CFS ≥ 5) patients was 41% (n = 333) in the overall population and increased with each age strata (n = 46 (19%) vs. n = 67 (36%) vs. n = 174 (56%) vs. n = 46 (60%), P < 0.05). Frail patients had higher SAPS3, more treatment restrictions and higher ICU mortality. Frailty was associated with an increased risk of 180-day mortality in all age groups (HR 5.7 (95% CI 2.8–11.4), P < 0.05; 8.0 (4.0–16.2), P < 0.05; 4.1 (2.2–6.6), P < 0.05; 2.4 (1.1–5.0), P = 0.02). The effect remained significant after adjustment for SAPS3, comorbidity and limitations of treatment only in patients aged 50–64 (2.1 (1.1–3.1), P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Premorbid frailty is common in ICU patients of all ages and was found in 55% of patients aged under 64 years. Frailty was independently associated with mortality only among middle-aged patients, where the risk of death was increased twofold. Our study supports the use of frailty assessment in identifying younger ICU patients at a higher risk of death.
Nuclear Receptor Imaging In Vivo—Clinical and Research Advances
Authors: Parent Ephraim E , Fowler Amy M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nuclear receptors are transcription factors that function in normal physiology and play important roles in diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and diabetes. Noninvasive imaging of nuclear receptors can be achieved using radiolabeled ligands and positron emission tomography (PET). This quantitative imaging approach can be viewed as an in vivo equivalent of the classic radioligand binding assay. A main clinical application of nuclear receptor imaging in oncology is to identify metastatic sites expressing nuclear receptors that are targets for approved drug therapies and are capable of binding ligands to improve treatment decision-making. Research applications of nuclear receptor imaging include novel synthetic ligand and drug development by quantifying target drug engagement with the receptor for optimal therapeutic drug dosing and for fundamental research into nuclear receptor function in cells and animal models. This mini-review provides an overview of PET imaging of nuclear receptors with a focus on radioligands for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and androgen receptor and their use in breast and prostate cancer.
The potential usage of thyroid hormones as sport doping - a mini-review
Authors: Gałązka Jakub 
Published: January 2023

A thyroid gland is one of the most important organs of a human body. Thyroid hormones, at least in physiological concentration, have anabolic features. The aid of this review is to summarize knowledge on potential usage of thyroid hormones in sport doping.
Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in skeletal muscles physiology. The exposition to T3 and T4 may improve myogenesis, muscles regeneration and muscles blood blow. In a long-time perspective, those hormones may help in reducing body weight.
According to those mechanisms, thyroid hormones may be considered as a plausible agent in sport doping. However WADA guidelines does not include T3 or T4 in a list o sport doping substances, the debate on their inclusion is on-going, and the physicians should be aware of thyroid hormones effects on human metabolism from sports medicine perspective.
Wilms Tumor - Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis
Authors: Milczek Maria , Warzyszak Paweł , Żołyniak Wojciech , Tomasik Mikołaj , Hawranik Izabela , Żaba Ziemowit , Niski Szymon , Małek Róża , Lisowska Aleksandra , Skrzypek Mateusz 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Wilms tumor is the most common occuring malignant tumor of kidney among children. Mostly appears in infants and young children. The main symptom is enlargement od the abdomen. It is often diagnosed incidentally during USG examination.
Aim of the study: Summary of current knowledge on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Wilms Tumor.
Methods and matherials: A review of the literaturę available in the PubMed data base, using the following keywords: :„Wilms Tumor”,„Wilms tumor genetics”
State of knowledge: Wilms tumor appears more often among people with certain genetic syndromes. There are two to treat WT depending on the world region (SIOP, COG). According to SIOP, the diagnosis is made based on imaging. This is followed by neoadiuvant chemotherapy, and then it is surgically removed. According to COG, the first stage of treatment is surgical removal of the tumor, then chemotherapy. During chemotherapy, vincristine, actinomycin, doxodubicin are used in both schemes. Although both strategies differ in their pretreatment approach, they lead to similar overall survival rates.
Conclusions:Despite already advanced treatment techniques for the tumor, and extensive knowledge about it, its pathogenesis still remains somewhat unknown. Increased understanding of the aberrant molecular pathways active in Wilms tumorigenesis has identified many potential targeted therapeutic approaches that could be applied in a clinical setting
Sexual dimophism in plasma nitrogenous metabolites levels and some psycho-neuro-endocrine parameters
Authors: Popovych Igor , Gozhenko Anatoliy , Bombushkar Igor , Anchev Anatoliy , Zukow Walery 
Published: January 2023

Background. We previously showed that the factor structure of the relationships between the plasma levels of nitrogenous metabolites (uric acid, bilirubin, urea, and creatinine), on the one hand, and the parameters of anxiety and neuro-endocrine status, on the other hand, is significantly different in men and women of reproductive age and postmenopausal. The purpose of this study is to identify the metabolic and psycho-neuro-endocrine features of these three cohorts of people. Materials and methods. The object of observation were 31 males (24÷69 y) and 30 females, from among them 18 postmenopausal (45÷76 y) and 12 of reproductive age (30÷42 y), with dysfunction of neuro-endocrine-immune complex. In basal conditions we determined plasma levels of nitrogenous metabolites and adaptation hormones, estimated the severity of the trait and reactive anxiety, recorded the ongoing HRV and EEG. After 4 or 7 days, repeated testing was performed. Results. To achieve the goal, the registered parameters were subjected to discriminant analysis. Along with the quite expected nitrogenous metabolites, age, testosterone and calcitonin (both raw and sex- and age-standardized values), trait anxiety, Kerdö's Vegetative Index, one of the vagal markers (SDNN), as well as 10 EEG parameters emerged as characteristic features of the cohorts. In the information space of two discriminant roots, three cohorts are clearly demarcated. Conclusion. We interpret this as another proof of the existence of connections between nitrogenous metabolites and psycho-neuro-endocrine parameters in line with the concept of the functional-metabolic continuum.
Supracondylar elbow fracture management (Supra Man)
Authors: Barrie Alasdair , Kent Benjamin ,   on behalf of Supra Man Collaborative
Published: January 2023

Aims Management of displaced paediatric supracondylar elbow fractures remains widely debated and actual practice is unclear. This national trainee collaboration aimed to evaluate surgical and postoperative management of these injuries across the UK. Methods This study was led by the South West Orthopaedic Research Division (SWORD) and performed by the Supra Man Collaborative. Displaced paediatric supracondylar elbow fractures undergoing surgery between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2019 were retrospectively identified and their anonymized data were collected via Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). Results A total of 972 patients were identified across 41 hospitals. Mean age at injury was 6.3 years (1 to 15), 504 were male (52%), 583 involved the left side (60%), and 538 were Gartland type 3 fractures (55%). Median time from injury to theatre was 16 hours (interquartile range (IQR) 6.6 to 22), 300 patients (31%) underwent surgery on the day of injury, and 91 (9%) underwent surgery between 10:00 pm and 8:00 am. Overall, 910 patients (94%) had Kirschner (K)-wire) fixation and these were left percutaneous in 869 (95%), while 62 patients (6%) had manipulation under anaesthetic (MUA) and casting. Crossed K-wire configuration was used as fixation in 544 cases (59.5%). Overall, 208 of the fixation cases (61%) performed or supervised by a paediatric orthopaedic consultant underwent lateral-only fixation, whereas 153 (27%) of the fixation cases performed or supervised by a non-paediatric orthopaedic consultant used lateral-only fixation. In total, 129 percutaneous wires (16%) were removed in theatre. Of the 341 percutaneous wire fixations performed or supervised by a paediatric orthopaedic consultant, 11 (3%) underwent wire removal in theatre, whereas 118 (22%) of the 528 percutaneous wire fixation cases performed or supervised by a non-paediatric orthopaedic consultant underwent wire removal in theatre. Four MUA patients (6%) and seven K-wire fixation patients (0.8%) required revision surgery within 30 days for displacement. Conclusion The treatment of supracondylar elbow fractures in children varies across the UK. Patient cases where a paediatric orthopaedic consultant was involved had an increased tendency for lateral only K-wire fixation and for wire removal in clinic. Low rates of displacement requiring revision surgery were identified in all fixation configurations. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(1):82–87.
January 2023 Sleep Case of the Month: An Unexpected EEG Abnormality
Authors:   Pulmonary Associates, Scottsdale, AZ USA, Baratz David , Cooper Ken 
Published: January 2023

No abstract available. Article truncated after the first page. A 46-year-old woman was referred because of snoring, observed apnea, and daytime hypersomnolence. Her Epworth Sleepiness Scale was 9 out of 24. She was slightly overweight but otherwise her physical examination was normal. An overnight polysomnography was requested but denied by her insurance company. What should be done at this time? 1.	An at home sleep study 2.	ENT referral 3.	Reassurance 4.	1 and 3 5.	All of the above …
Foreign Body Impaction in the Buccal Mucosa of a Child – A Case Report
Authors: Subalakshmi Krishnamurthy  , Loganayagi Ramalingam  , Karthikeyan Thirugnanasambandam  
Published: December 2022

Foreign bodies may be traumatically or iatrogenically embedded in the oral cavity. Traumatic impaction of foreign bodies intraorally in children is common, as they are playful and are unaware of the consequences. A case of traumatic penetration of glass shards in the cheek of a 10-year-old female child which is present for three years, and its management is discussed here and the importance of detailed case history, clinical and radiographic examinations in arriving at the diagnosis and planning the treatment are presented in this article.
Foreign bodies are objects that are not native to the human body, and they may be ingested, inserted into a body cavity, or deposited into the body by traumatic or iatrogenic injury.[1] Traumatic foreign body impaction in oral cavity is mostly due to assaults and motor vehicle accidents[2] or sometimes may be due to blast injury. Foreign bodies generally in oral cavity may be broken instruments, restorative materials, needles etc., or may range from fish bones, coins, stapler pins, small toys, metal pieces which may be quite common in younger age groups.[3]
The foreign bodies once impacted get localized and ensue fibrosis and host response depending on the type of the material impacted. They may cause swelling, abscess formation, septicaemia, or lead to severe haemorrhage; may also undergo distant embolization.[1]
Here we report a case of traumatic penetration of glass shards into the buccal mucosa of a female child due to a blast injury which was there for three years without any major complaints.
Câmbio Negro
Authors: Henriques Debs Hanna , Morais Sérgio Paulo 
Published: December 2022

O Atlântico Negro de Paul Gilroy é costurado por dinamismos econômicos e políticos que embarcam as vidas negras em um oscilante processo de pertencimento e não-pertencimento ao local cultural em que desaguam. A demarcação histórica desses movimentos remete, de maneira inadiável, à internacionalização do capitalismo e à sua face equivalente: a designação dos povos não-brancos e não-europeus pelo fator raça. O presente trabalho busca apontar o que se oculta quando não é observada a expansão mundial do Capitalismo em uma relação causal para com a categorização racial dos indivíduos negros. Para tanto, será investigada a díade América e Modernidade em suas formulações correspondentes. Em seguida, será pensada a raça enquanto “instrumento mental” da Modernidade e fator de exploração colonial capitalista. Por fim, serão consideradas as estruturas racistas para além de suas manifestações físicas, combinando elementos investigativos da História e da Psicologia. O esforço metodológico, então, compreende dialogar com a bibliografia rica e relevante dos estudos decoloniais e racializados sobre a colonização e a história colonial dos povos afro-americanos. O trabalho, ciente das suas limitações, conclui que há espaço para esquecimento ao se tratar do esplendor da Modernidade, em função de fazer lugar para a memória da Colonialidade.
LOS MERCENARIOS DE LA LIBERDAD: Movimiento San Isidro (MSI), activismo político y protestas de derecha en Cuba
Authors: Barbosa Jefferson 
Published: December 2022

Em Cuba na atualidade grupos de direita em organizações da sociedade civil estão articulando campanhas midiáticas e protestos com críticas ao governo e ao regime político. É o caso do Movimiento San Isidro (MSI), organização que tem o potencial em fomentar ações de mobilização. Com o objetivo de entender as formas da sua militância e ativismo político mediado por suportes digitais, este artigo buscou sistematizar dados em busca de contribuir para a evidenciar esta organização como exemplo de grupo de mobilização de caráter reacionário que tem atuado naquele país. A análise do site do MSI, seus links e conteúdos, como livros, artigos e manuais, entrevistas e clips musicais, foram fontes primárias nesta análise. Por fim, o artigo apresenta dados de como o governo e a imprensa oficial cubana estão denunciando os intentos golpistas e o financiamento internacional daqueles aqui denominados de “mercenários da liberdade”.
The effect of frequency and temperature on dielectric properties of wood with high moisture content
Authors: Qin Ruixia , Xu Huadong , Hu Yanbo , Zhao Liming , Chen Nengzhi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dielectric sensors are a popular choice for determining wood moisture content. However, the output of these devices, especially when measuring high moisture content, may be significantly affected by the moisture content itself, by sensor frequency (f) and by environmental temperature (T). This study investigated the effect mechanism of f and T on dielectric properties of wood with different moisture contents. Dielectric constant (ε) and dielectric loss factor (tan δ) for Populus nigra, Tilia tuan, Abies fabri and Fraxinus mandshurica wood samples of various moisture contents were measured from 1 to 107 Hz and from – 40 to 25 °C. The results show that wood ε increases with increasing moisture content and temperature, and decreases with increasing f. The dielectric constant depends significantly on f when T exceeds 6 °C, the rate of ε decreases with increasing f. At room temperature, tan δ of wood with moisture content >50% were not related, and peaked between 103 and 104 Hz. The change of tan δ with T is complex. The results provide a basis for in-depth research on the dielectric properties of wood with high moisture content and a theoretical basis for the measurement and calibration of the moisture content of standing trees.