bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental verification of the intrinsic strainburst proneness of various rock types
Authors: Shi Lei , Li Charlie C. , Zhang Xiwei , Feng Xia-Ting 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA portion of excess strain energy is converted into kinetic energy after the peak load in Class II rock. That is the intrinsic potential energy for strainburst. Therefore, the intrinsic strainburst proneness of the rock can be quantitatively assessed by the excess energy released from the rock, which can also be expressed by an intrinsic ejection velocity. This study aims to validate the idea of using the intrinsic ejection velocity as an index for the strainburst proneness of rock. Servo-controlled uniaxial compression tests were first conducted on 13 types of rocks. The intrinsic ejection velocities of rock specimens were assessed on the stress–strain curves. It was showed that the ejection velocity was greater than zero in twelve of the thirteen rock types, indicating that the twelve rock types were intrinsically prone to strainburst. The intrinsic ejection velocity was less than 5 m/s in eleven rock types, while up to 7.2 m/s in one. True triaxial tests were then conducted to examine the intensity of the bursting in six of the burst-prone rock types. The mass of the ejected rock fragments and the bursting sounds were recorded and analyzed afterward. The results showed that the orders of both the mass of the ejected rock fragments and the intensity of the bursting sounds were consistent with the order of the intrinsic ejection velocities of the rocks. It seems that the intrinsic ejection velocity is an appropriate index for the strainburst proneness of rock.
Radiofrequency antenna concepts for human cardiac MR at 14.0 T
Authors: Nurzed Bilguun , Kuehne Andre , Aigner Christoph Stefan , Schmitter Sebastian , Niendorf Thoralf , Eigentler Thomas Wilhelm 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
To examine the feasibility of human cardiac MR (CMR) at 14.0 T using high-density radiofrequency (RF) dipole transceiver arrays in conjunction with static and dynamic parallel transmission (pTx).

Materials and methods
RF arrays comprised of self-grounded bow-tie (SGBT) antennas, bow-tie (BT) antennas, or fractionated dipole (FD) antennas were used in this simulation study. Static and dynamic pTx were applied to enhance transmission field (B1+) uniformity and efficiency in the heart of the human voxel model. B1+ distribution and maximum specific absorption rate averaged over 10 g tissue (SAR10g) were examined at 7.0 T and 14.0 T.

Results
At 14.0 T static pTx revealed a minimum B1+ROI efficiency of 0.91 μT/√kW (SGBT), 0.73 μT/√kW (BT), and 0.56 μT/√kW (FD) and maximum SAR10g of 4.24 W/kg, 1.45 W/kg, and 2.04 W/kg. Dynamic pTx with 8 kT points indicate a balance between B1+ROI homogeneity (coefficient of variation < 14%) and efficiency (minimum B1+ROI > 1.11 µT/√kW) at 14.0 T with a maximum SAR10g < 5.25 W/kg.

Discussion
MRI of the human heart at 14.0 T is feasible from an electrodynamic and theoretical standpoint, provided that multi-channel high-density antennas are arranged accordingly. These findings provide a technical foundation for further explorations into CMR at 14.0 T.
Effect of Moringa Leaf Extract on the Performance of Lettuce Cultivars
Authors: Farooq Ahmad , Khattak Abdul Mateen , Gul Ghani , Habib Waqas , Ahmad Shahbaz , Asghar Muhammad , Rashid Tufail 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLettuce is an important crop that is grown commercially for salad purposes. To increase production of lettuce, synthetic fertilizers are applied. However, an excess of synthetic fertilizers is hazardous for the human body and also affects soil and environmental conditions. Alternative methods are available to enhance the production of lettuce, e.g., application of moringa leaf extract (MLE), which is also environmentally friendly. As MLE is a plant-based organic product, there are no side effects. The research was conducted at the Ornamental Nursery, Department of Horticulture, University of Agriculture Peshawar, during the 2020–21 season. The study was laid out in two-factor randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement with three replications. The two factors were MLE concentration (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% v/v) and five lettuce cultivars (Red Laurel, Red Oakleaf, Milky White, Romaine, and Large Speed). Lettuce cultivars were sprayed with the required MLE concentrations at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after transplantation, while an extra application of MLE was given before bolting to the plants left for seed production. It was observed that lettuce cv. Red Laurel produced maximum fresh and dry head weight. Maximum plant height was recorded for cv. Red Oakleaf. Maximum leaves, head diameter, head height, root length, seed yield, and leaf area were noted in cv. Milky White. Cultivar Romaine took the maximum number of days to flowering and seed production. It also provided maximum chlorophyll content and the best taste. Moreover, MLE also had substantial effects on the growth and yield of lettuce cultivars. Here, maximum plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, head diameter, days to flowering, root length, head height, seed yield, days to seed production, chlorophyll content, and fresh and dry head weights were produced by plants sprayed with 8% (v/v) MLE. It is concluded that MLE, a useful growth promoter, has a considerable effect on the growth and development of lettuce cultivars and is thus recommended for organic production of the crop.
Ethical Climates Across National Contexts: A Meta-Analytical Investigation
Authors: Parboteeah K. Praveen , Weiss Matthias , Hoegl Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEthical climates remain one of the most popular ways to assess the ethical orientations of companies. There has been a plethora of studies examining the relationship between ethical climates and critical outcomes, which was triggered by Victor and Cullen's seminal work published 35 years ago. After such a long period of strong research activity in this topic area, it is time to take stock of the accumulated empirical evidence. This meta-analytic review incorporates the considerations of alternative conceptualizations of ethical climates and integrates an international comparative perspective on the consequences of ethical climates. Given the state of the field, it is imperative to assess the tenability of the various relationships of ethical climate types across national contexts. As such, we first provide an update on how ethical climates are related to key organizational outcomes and assess how country-level factors affect the consequences of ethical climates. We present our findings along theoretical, empirical, and methodological issues, discuss the implications of our findings for extant research and provide suggestions for future research for each of the three avenues.
Do tropical climatic conditions reduce the effectiveness of nitrification inhibitors? A meta-analysis of studies carried out in Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro Pablo Lacerda , Carlos Filipe Selau , Barth Gabriel , Mühling Karl H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExtensive research has been performed into the effectiveness of nitrification inhibitors (NIs) in preventing N losses; however, tropical agriculture has been underrepresented in recent meta-analyses. Here, we apply a meta-analytic approach using data from 50 articles to identify the impact of NIs (DMPP, DCD, and DCD + NBPT) on crop yield, N2O emissions, soil NH4+ and NO3− concentrations, and NH3 volatilization in subtropical and tropical regions of Brazil. In addition, the survey includes information about location; climate zone; cultivated crops; soil pH; soil organic carbon; soil texture; experimental method; soil management; irrigation; fertilizer source, rate, and type; and NI type and rate. Overall, the data set showed that NIs increased crop yield and soil NH4+ concentrations by 3 and 60%, respectively, whereas N2O emissions and soil NO3− concentrations were reduced by 62 and 31%, respectively. Ammonia volatilization was not changed by NI application. However, the combination of a NI with a urease inhibitor decreased such losses by 39%. The effectiveness of the NIs was highest in irrigated fields, fine-textured soils, and mineral N sources. Moreover, NI performance in Brazil was found to be similar in tropical and subtropical climates, and was also comparable to values previously reported in meta-analyses, including those conducted in temperate climates. Therefore, NI application is indicated to be an efficient strategy to delay nitrification and mitigate N2O emissions in tropical agroecosystems.
Preservice Biology Teachers’ Socioscientific Argumentation: Analyzing Structural and Content Complexity in the Context of a Mandatory COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Krell Moritz , Garrecht Carola , Minkley Nina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present study analyzed the structural and the content complexity of 76 preservice science teachers’ socioscientific argumentation in the context of a mandatory COVID-19 vaccination. Data were analyzed within the methodological frame of qualitative content analysis. Concerning the structural complexity, the participants’ socioscientific argumentation reached a relatively high level (i.e., justifications with elaborated grounds). Concerning the complexity of content, the sample referred to science-, ethics-, society-, and politics-related arguments (i.e., almost the full range of content areas); however, on an individual level, participants referred to merely an average of two content areas. Regarding the relationship between structural and content complexity, a significant positive correlation was found. In sum, the results of this study suggest that preservice science teachers’ socioscientific argumentation is on a promisingly high level in terms of structural and on a medium level regarding content complexity. The findings are discussed and implications for science teacher education and assessment in science education are proposed.
Effect of seaweed extract on avocado root growth, yield and post-harvest quality in far north Queensland, Australia
Authors: Arioli Tony , Villalta Oscar N. , Hepworth Graham , Farnsworth Bill , Mattner Scott W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeaweed extracts are proven to increase productivity in many agricultural crops, but there is limited research on their use in avocado production. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of a seaweed extract fromDurvillaea potatorumandAscophyllum nodosumon avocado yield, revenue and post-harvest fruit quality in a series of field experiments in Australia, and on seedling root growth in a pot experiment. The field experiments were conducted on commercial farms across three different locations in northern Queensland over four years and utilised avocado trees with different ages, cultivars (Hass and Shepard) and inoculum pressures fromPhytophthora cinnamomi. Results showed that the application of the seaweed extract by fertigation significantly improved avocado yield (kg fruit per tree) by 38%, fruit firmness by 4% (skin) and 22% (flesh) and fruit skin colour by 1° (hue), and an upgraded visual ripeness score. The increases in yield were associated with greater number of fruits per tree (up to 42%) indicating the liquid seaweed extract improved fruit set and retention per tree. Regular soil application of the seaweed extract to young trees (cv. Hass) in pots increased the root fresh weight by 22%. Overall, the regular application of the seaweed extract to avocado trees was found to be practical and economically viable for improving fruit production and post-harvest quality in Australian orchards.
Medulloblastoma in adults: evaluation of the Dutch society for neuro-oncology treatment protocol
Authors: Bleeker L. , Kouwenhoven M. C. M. , de Heer I. , Lissenberg-Witte B. I. , Gijsbers A. H. , Dubbink H. J. , Kros J. M. , Gijtenbeek J. M. M. , Kurt E. , van der Rijt C. C. D. , Swaak-Kragten A. T. , de Vos F. Y. , van der Weide H. L. , French P. J. , van den Bent M. J. , Wesseling P. , Bromberg J. E. C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Medulloblastoma is a rare tumor in adults. The objective of this nationwide, multicenter study was to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of the Dutch treatment protocol for adult medulloblastoma patients.

Methods
Adult medulloblastoma patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2018 were identified in the Dutch rare tumors registry or nationwide pathology database. Patients with intention to treat according to the national treatment protocol were included. Risk stratification was performed based on residual disease, histological subtype and extent of disease. All patients received postoperative radiotherapy [craniospinal axis 36 Gy/fossa posterior boost 19.8 Gy (14.4 Gy in case of metastases)]. High-risk patients received additional neoadjuvant (carboplatin-etoposide), concomitant (vincristine) and adjuvant chemotherapy (carboplatin-vincristine-cyclophosphamide) as far as feasible by toxicity. Methylation profiling, and additional next-generation sequencing in case of SHH-activated medulloblastomas, were performed.

Results
Forty-seven medulloblastoma patients were identified, of whom 32 were treated according to the protocol. Clinical information and tumor material was available for 28 and 20 patients, respectively. The histological variants were mainly classic (43%) and desmoplastic medulloblastoma (36%). Sixteen patients (57%) were considered standard-risk and 60% were SHH-activated medulloblastomas. Considerable treatment reductions and delays in treatment occurred due to especially hematological and neurotoxicity. Only one high-risk patient could complete all chemotherapy courses. 5-years progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for standard-risk patients appeared worse than for high-risk patients (PFS 69% vs. 90%, OS 81% vs. 90% respectively), although this wasn’t statistically significant.

Conclusion
Combined chemo-radiotherapy is a toxic regimen for adult medulloblastoma patients that may result in improved survival.
Examining the drivers of agricultural carbon emissions in Africa: an application of FMOLS and DOLS approaches
Authors: Zwane Talent Thebe , Udimal Thomas Bilaliib , Pakmoni Lariba 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe major aim of this study was to investigate the impact of renewable energy consumption and agricultural economic growth on agricultural carbon emissions in Africa for the period 1990–2019. This paper employed panel fully modified ordinary least square (PFMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (PDOLS) estimation techniques. The empirical results showed that agriculture growth promote agricultural carbon emissions. More precisely, the results revealed a strong positive and statistical significant impact on agricultural carbon emissions in Africa. On the other hand, the results on quadratic show a negative causal association between agriculture growth and agricultural carbon emissions in Africa. Interestingly, renewable energy consumption was found to have a negative impact on agricultural carbon emissions. On Granger causality, the result shows that there is a unidirectional causality between agriculture growth and agricultural carbon emissions. Based on these findings, we recommend that countries should promote and encourage the use of renewable energy to curb agricultural carbon emissions. There is a need to adopt agricultural practices that have the potential to limit carbon emissions.
Reflecting on Freire: a praxis of radical love and critical hope for science education
Authors: Torres Olave Betzabé , Tolbert Sara , Frausto Aceves Alejandra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this introductory manuscript, we present our vision for this special issue as a space for cultivating collective becomings in/with love, critical hope, and solidarity. We also contemplate our intentions and goals for putting together a special issue such as this one. We then take a position as insider–outsiders of science education, moved by values such as attention, humility, and risk, and vulnerability, and to learn and be taught by others. After developing those ideas, we draw from the critical imaginations of authors in this special issue to reflect on what a praxis of radical love looks like as/for science and education. Finally, we present the four themes that form this special issue: Science curriculum for conscientização: counter-narratives from the field; transgressing and building solidarities across borders in science education; grassroots and collective becomings; dialogues with Freire; and intersections of critical pedagogy with other critical philosophical approaches.
Temperature Changes in Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Relation to Injury Pattern, Intracranial Pressure Dynamics, Cerebral Energy Metabolism, and Clinical Outcome
Authors: Svedung Wettervik Teodor , Hånell Anders , Ronne-Engström Elisabeth , Lewén Anders , Enblad Per 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim was to study the course of body temperature in the acute phase of poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) in relation to the primary brain injury, cerebral physiology, and clinical outcome.

Methods
In this observational study, 166 patients with aSAH treated at the neurosurgery department at Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden between 2008 and2018 with temperature, intracranial pressure (ICP), and microdialysis (MD) monitoring were included. The first 10 days were divided into the early phase (days 1–3) and the vasospasm phase (days 4–10).

Results
Normothermia (temperature = 36–38 °C) was most prevalent in the early phase. A lower mean temperature at this stage was univariately associated with a worse primary brain injury, with higher Fisher grade and higher MD glycerol concentration, as well as a worse neurological recovery at 1 year. There was otherwise no association between temperature and cerebral physiological variables in the early phase. There was a transition toward an increased burden of hyperthermia (temperature > 38 °C) in the vasospasm phase. This was associated with concurrent infections but not with neurological or radiological injury severity at admission. Elevated temperature was associated with higher MD pyruvate concentration, lower rate of an MD pattern indicative of ischemia, and higher rate of poor neurological recovery at 1 year. There was otherwise no association between temperature and cerebral physiological variables in the vasospasm phase. The associations between temperature and clinical outcome did not hold true in multiple logistic regression analyses.

Conclusions
Spontaneously low temperature in the early phase reflected a worse primary brain injury and indicated a worse outcome prognosis. Hyperthermia was common in the vasospasm phase and was more related to infections than primary injury severity but also with a more favorable energy metabolic pattern with better substrate supply, possibly related to hyperemia.
Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA): Development of a Training Tool and Certification Program
Authors: Grobe-Einsler Marcus , Amin Arian Taheri , Faber Jennifer , Völkel Hartmut , Synofzik Matthis , Klockgether Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMonitoring of disease severity is of great importance for treatment and management of clinical trials. The Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) is a frequently used, short and easily applicable clinical scale used to assess the severity of ataxia. The objective of our study was to develop a training and certification tool for the SARA. SARA scores were recorded according to a standardized protocol and rated by three clinical experts in consensus. Four hundred thirty-eight videos of 67 patients were included in the SARA training tool. The tutorial section demonstrates a complete SARA examination on a healthy control. In the training section, users can compare their ratings to consensus ratings and access a video library covering the complete SARA range. The tool also includes a section that allows optional certification. The SARA training tool provides comprehensive and standardized training material and certification to reduce variability in applying the SARA. Standardization aims to improve the quality of patient care and research in ataxia.
Soft Electronics for Health Monitoring Assisted by Machine Learning
Authors: Qiao Yancong , Luo Jinan , Cui Tianrui , Liu Haidong , Tang Hao , Zeng Yingfen , Liu Chang , Li Yuanfang , Jian Jinming , Wu Jingzhi , Tian He , Yang Yi , Ren Tian-Ling , Zhou Jianhua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Due to the development of the novel materials, the past two decades have witnessed the rapid advances of soft electronics. The soft electronics have huge potential in the physical sign monitoring and health care. One of the important advantages of soft electronics is forming good interface with skin, which can increase the user scale and improve the signal quality. Therefore, it is easy to build the specific dataset, which is important to improve the performance of machine learning algorithm. At the same time, with the assistance of machine learning algorithm, the soft electronics have become more and more intelligent to realize real-time analysis and diagnosis. The soft electronics and machining learning algorithms complement each other very well. It is indubitable that the soft electronics will bring us to a healthier and more intelligent world in the near future. Therefore, in this review, we will give a careful introduction about the new soft material, physiological signal detected by soft devices, and the soft devices assisted by machine learning algorithm. Some soft materials will be discussed such as two-dimensional material, carbon nanotube, nanowire, nanomesh, and hydrogel. Then, soft sensors will be discussed according to the physiological signal types (pulse, respiration, human motion, intraocular pressure, phonation, etc.). After that, the soft electronics assisted by various algorithms will be reviewed, including some classical algorithms and powerful neural network algorithms. Especially, the soft device assisted by neural network will be introduced carefully. Finally, the outlook, challenge, and conclusion of soft system powered by machine learning algorithm will be discussed.
Dual-Functional Lithiophilic/Sulfiphilic Binary-Metal Selenide Quantum Dots Toward High-Performance Li–S Full Batteries
Authors: Huang Youzhang , Lin Liang , Zhang Yinggan , Liu Lie , Sa Baisheng , Lin Jie , Wang Laisen , Peng Dong-Liang , Xie Qingshui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe commercial viability of lithium–sulfur batteries is still challenged by the notorious lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttle effect on the sulfur cathode and uncontrollable Li dendrites growth on the Li anode. Herein, a bi-service host with Co-Fe binary-metal selenide quantum dots embedded in three-dimensional inverse opal structured nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton (3DIO FCSe-QDs@NC) is elaborately designed for both sulfur cathode and Li metal anode. The highly dispersed FCSe-QDs with superb adsorptive-catalytic properties can effectively immobilize the soluble LiPSs and improve diffusion-conversion kinetics to mitigate the polysulfide-shutting behaviors. Simultaneously, the 3D-ordered porous networks integrated with abundant lithophilic sites can accomplish uniform Li deposition and homogeneous Li-ion flux for suppressing the growth of dendrites. Taking advantage of these merits, the assembled Li–S full batteries with 3DIO FCSe-QDs@NC host exhibit excellent rate performance and stable cycling ability (a low decay rate of 0.014% over 2,000 cycles at 2C). Remarkably, a promising areal capacity of 8.41 mAh cm−2 can be achieved at the sulfur loading up to 8.50 mg cm−2 with an ultra-low electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 4.1 μL mg−1. This work paves the bi-serve host design from systematic experimental and theoretical analysis, which provides a viable avenue to solve the challenges of both sulfur and Li electrodes for practical Li–S full batteries.