bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elemente der elektromobilorientierten Geschäftsmodelle
Authors: Kasperk Garnet , Fluchs Sarah , Hausmann Julius 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungEin Modell ist die abstrakte Darstellung der Wirklichkeit, die sich aus Einzelelementen und deren Verknüpfungen zusammensetzt. Ein Geschäftsmodell ist demnach eine abstrahierte Darstellung der Funktionsweise eines Geschäfts. Grundlage eines Geschäftsmodells ist das Wertschöpfungsmodell. Werden wie im Fall der Elektromobilität integrierte Wertschöpfungsketten dekonstruiert, lösen sich ehemals fest verbundene Elemente der Kette voneinander. An ihren Grenzen wird ein Übergang in neue Geschäftsfelder möglich. Grundsätzlich werden drei Elemente für eine methodische Darstellung des Geschäftsmodells genutzt (Abb. 34.1).
Demontage von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien
Authors: Heimes Heiner Hans , Kampker Achim , Offermanns Christian , Klohs Domenic , Kreisköther Kim 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie weltweiten Verkaufszahlen für elektrische Fahrzeuge in sämtlichen Segmenten steigen immer weiter an. Während sich die Corona-Pandemie im globalen Vergleich negativ auf die Fahrzeugmärkte ausgewirkt hat, stieg der Absatz von Elektrofahrzeugen vor allem in Europa stark. Auch die für die laufende Dekade prognostizierten Verkaufszahlen von Elektrofahrzeugen spiegeln dieses Bild wider. So werden bereits 2025 jährlich Batterien für rund elf Millionen E-Mobile benötigt. Dieser Wert wird sich bis zum Jahr 2030 auf etwa 30 Millionen jährliche Verkäufe fast verdreifachen. Daraus ergeben sich für Batteriesysteme unweigerlich einige Fragestellungen mit Blick auf das „End of Life“ und eine damit verbundene nachhaltige Verwertung der verbauten Komponenten und Materialien. Um den ökonomischen Kreislauf zu schließen und Batteriesysteme abhängig von ihrem Zustand in die verschiedenen Re-X-Szenarien (Re-Use, Remanufacturing, Refurbishment und Recycling) überführen zu können, gewinnt die Demontage eine immer größere Bedeutung.
A 4d non-BPS NS-NS microstate
Authors: Chakraborty Soumangsu , Hampton Shaun D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We construct a two-parameter four-dimensional non-BPS NS-NS smooth microstate solution that asymptotes to flat spacetime with a linear dilaton in type II superstring theory. From the microscopic point of view, the background is made out of a certain number of decoupled (i.e. gs → 0) NS5 branes wrapping T3 × S1 × S1 with fundamental strings wrapping non-contractable cycles of S1 × S1 with integer momentum modes along them. We show that perturbative worldsheet theory in this background is given by a null-gauged WZW model. We also show that the consistency of the worldsheet theory imposes non-trivial constraints on the supergravity background.
Quark mass effects in double parton distributions
Authors: Diehl Markus , Nagar Riccardo , Plößl Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Double parton distributions can be computed from the perturbative splitting of one parton into two if the distance between the two observed partons is small. We develop schemes to take into account quark mass effects in this computation, and we study these schemes numerically at leading order in the strong coupling. Furthermore, we investigate in detail the structure of the next-to-leading order corrections to the splitting kernels that include quark mass effects.
The new formulation of higgs effective field Theory
Authors: Dong Zi-Yu , Ma Teng , Shu Jing , Zhou Zi-Zheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present the explicit construction of the effective field theory (EFT) of standard model mass eigenstates. The EFT, which is invariant under U(1)e.m.× SU(3)c, is constructed based on the on-shell method and Young Tableau technique. This EFT serves as a new formulation of the Higgs EFT (HEFT), which can describe the infrared effects of new physics at the electroweak symmetry-breaking phase with greater conciseness. The current HEFT operator basis has a clear physical interpretation, making it more accessible for research in phenomenology. A complete list of HEFT operator bases for any-point vertices up to any dimension could be provided, and three- and four-point bases are provided as examples. Additionally, this framework realized as Mathematica program can be used to construct the EFT of any type of dark matter or particles with any spin.
LePDF: Standard Model PDFs for high-energy lepton colliders
Authors: Garosi Francesco , Marzocca David , Trifinopoulos Sokratis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The emission of collinear radiation off an elementary lepton can be factorised from the hard scattering process by introducing Parton Distribution Functions of a Lepton (LePDF), which, contrary to protons, can be derived from first principles. In case of multi-TeV lepton colliders, such as the muon colliders currently being proposed, the complete structure of Standard Model interactions must be taken into account. In this work we solve numerically the corresponding DGLAP equations at the double-log order and provide public files with LePDFs for both muons and electrons, including polarisation effects. We discuss several interesting aspects of the resulting PDFs and compare them with the Effective Vector Approximation, showing that the latter fails to describe well the vector bosons PDFs at small momentum fractions, unless it is extended to higher orders.
A new picture of quantum tunneling in the real-time path integral from Lefschetz thimble calculations
Authors: Nishimura Jun , Sakai Katsuta , Yosprakob Atis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
It is well known that quantum tunneling can be described by instantons in the imaginary-time path integral formalism. However, its description in the real-time path integral formalism has been elusive. Here we establish a statement that quantum tunneling can be characterized in general by the contribution of complex saddle points, which can be identified by using the Picard-Lefschetz theory. We demonstrate this explicitly by performing Monte Carlo simulations of simple quantum mechanical systems, overcoming the sign problem by the generalized Lefschetz thimble method. We confirm numerically that the contribution of complex saddle points manifests itself in a complex “weak value” of the Hermitian coordinate operator $$ \hat{x} $$

x
̂

evaluated at time t, which is a physical quantity that can be measured by experiments in principle. We also discuss the transition to classical dynamics based on our picture.
Factorization for quasi-TMD distributions of sub-leading power
Authors: Rodini Simone , Vladimirov Alexey 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The quasi-transverse-momentum dependent (qTMD) distributions are equal-time correlators that can be computed within the lattice QCD approach. In the regime of large hadron’s momentum, qTMD distributions are expressed in terms of standard TMD distributions via the factorization theorem. We derive the corresponding factorization theorem at the next-to-leading power (NLP), and, for the first time, we present the factorized expressions for a large class of qTMD distributions of sub-leading power. The NLP expression contains TMD distributions of twist-two, twist-three, and a new lattice-specific nonperturbative function. We point out that some of the qTMD distributions considered in this work can be employed to extract the Collins-Soper kernel using the standard techniques of different-momenta ratios. We provide NLO expressions for all the elements of the factorization theorem. Also, for the first time, we explicitly demonstrate the restoration of boost invariance of the TMD factorization at NLP.
Large extracellular vesicles derived from human regulatory macrophages (L-EVMreg) attenuate CD3/CD28-induced T-cell activation in vitro
Authors: Albrecht Martin , Hummitzsch Lars , Rusch Rene , Eimer Christine , Rusch Melanie , Heß Katharina , Steinfath Markus , Cremer Jochen , Fändrich Fred , Berndt Rouven , Zitta Karina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Macrophages belong to the innate immune system, and we have recently shown that in vitro differentiated human regulatory macrophages (Mreg) release large extracellular vesicles (L-EVMreg) with an average size of 7.5 μm which regulate wound healing and angiogenesis in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate whether L-EVMreg also affect the CD3/CD28-mediated activation of T-cells. Mreg were differentiated using blood monocytes and L-EVMreg were isolated from culture supernatants by differential centrifugation. Activation of human T-cells was induced by CD3/CD28-coated beads in the absence or presence of Mreg or different concentrations of L-EVMreg. Inhibition of T-cell activation was quantified by flow cytometry and antibodies directed against the T-cell marker granzyme B. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the surface of Mreg and L-EVMreg was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Incubation of human lymphocytes with CD3/CD28 beads resulted in an increase of cell size, cell granularity, and number of granzyme B–positive cells (P < 0.05) which is indicative of T-cell activation. The presence of Mreg (0.5 × 106 Mreg/ml) led to a reduction of T-cell activation (number of granzyme B–positive cells; P < 0.001), and a similar but less pronounced effect was also observed when incubating activated T-cells with L-EVMreg (P < 0.05 for 3.2 × 106 L-EVMreg/ml). A differential analysis of the effects of Mreg and L-EVMreg on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells showed an inhibition of CD4+ T-cells by Mreg (P < 0.01) and L-EVMreg (P < 0.05 for 1.6 × 106 L-EVMreg/ml; P < 0.01 for 3.2 × 106 L-EVMreg/ml). A moderate inhibition of CD8+ T-cells was observed by Mreg (P < 0.05) and by L-EVMreg (P < 0.01 for 1.6 × 106 L-EVMreg/ml and 3.2 × 106 L-EVMreg/ml). PS was restricted to confined regions of the Mreg surface, while L-EVMreg showed strong signals for PS in the exoplasmic leaflet. L-EVMreg attenuate CD3/CD28-mediated activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. L-EVMreg may have clinical relevance, particularly in the treatment of diseases associated with increased T-cell activity.

Key messages

Mreg release large extracellular vesicles (L-EVMreg) with an average size of 7.5 µm

L-EVMreg exhibit phosphatidylserine positivity

L-EVMreg suppress CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells

L-EVMreg hold clinical potential in T-cell-related diseases
Reform der Rechtsnormen zum Schwangerschaftsabbruch: Eckpunkte und Anschlussfragen
Authors: Kreß Hartmut 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Tragkraft der Rechtsnormen, die in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zum Schwangerschaftsabbruch
gelten, ist fraglich geworden. Künftig wird der Sachverhalt außerhalb des Strafrechts zu regeln
sein. Abbrüche, die Schwangere aufgrund ihrer reproduktiven Autonomie in Betracht ziehen, sollten
über die Dreimonatsfrist hinaus möglich werden. Hiervon ausgehend ergibt sich für den Gesetzgeber
noch weiterer Klarstellungs- und Regelungsbedarf.
Integrating rather than collecting: statistical matching in the data flood era
Authors: D’Alberto Riccardo , Raggi Meri 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStatistical matching is progressively emerging as a straightforward approach to data integration. This method of increasing importance and interest is useful to address the unsolved challenges posed by data shortage as well as the several opportunities occurring in the present data flood era. This paper offers an exhaustive review of the methodology from its early beginnings up to the most recent developments, considering also the most relevant applications. The links that statistical matching has with other integration methods are discussed, analysing how a 50-year-old method has been only recently proposed under a consistent but (yet) incomplete framework. Strengths and weaknesses of statistical matching are compared, considering different data features and sample representativeness frameworks, also, given future research ideas, always keeping an eye on uncertainty, the key problem to which statistical matching tries to answer.
Conditions for finiteness and bounds on moments of generalized order statistics
Authors: Bieniek Mariusz , Rychlik Tomasz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe present necessary and sufficient conditions for the finiteness of moments of a fixed order of generalized order statistics based on an arbitrary life baseline distribution with a finite expectation. The conditions depend on a relation between the moment order and the minimal parameter of the generalized order statistic and its multiplicity. Furthermore, under these conditions we determine sharp upper bounds on the moments of generalized order statistic expressed in the scale units being the respective powers of the mean of the baseline distribution.
Live synthesis of selective carbon dots as fluorescent probes for cobalt determination in water with an automatic microanalyzer
Authors: Pascual-Esco Alex , Lleonart Pere , Calvo-López Antonio , Alonso-Chamarro Julián , Puyol Mar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new strategy integrating the straight synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) and their direct use for the determination of heavy metals by means of fluorescence quenching is presented. The proposal consists of a modular analyzer, which includes a low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) microreactor for the synthesis of CDs and a cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) microfluidic platform, which automatically performs a reverse flow injection analysis (rFIA) protocol for the determination of heavy metal ions in water by CD fluorescence quenching. As a proof of concept, nitrogen-doped CDs were synthesized from acrylic acid and ethylenediamine (ED) with quantum yields (QYs) of up to 44%, which are selective to cobalt. With the described system, we synthesized homogeneous CDs without the need for further purification and with the minimum consumption of reagents, and optimized fluorescence measurements can be performed with freshly obtained luminescent nanomaterials that have not undergone decomposition processes. They have an average hydrodynamic diameter of 4.2 ± 0.9 nm and maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 358 nm and 452 nm, respectively. The system allows the automatic dilution and buffering of the synthesized CDs and the sample prior to the determination of cobalt. The concentration of cobalt was determined with good sensitivity and a limit of detection of 7 μg·L−1 with a linear range of 0.02–1 mg·L−1 of Co2+. Spiked tap water and river water samples were analyzed, obtaining recovery from 98 to 104%. This demonstrates the potential of the equipment as an efficient on-site control system for heavy metal monitoring in water.
Graphical abstract
Initial characterization of an iron superoxide dismutase from Thermobifida fusca
Authors: Hamre Anne Grethe , Al-Sadawi Rim , Johannesen Kirsti Merete , Bisarro Bastien , Kjendseth Åsmund Røhr , Leiros Hanna-Kirsti S. , Sørlie Morten 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSuperoxide dismutases (SODs) are enzymes that catalyze the dismutation of the superoxide radical anion into O2 and H2O2 in a two-step reaction. They are ubiquitous to all forms of life and four different types of metal centers are detected, dividing this class of enzymes into Cu-/Zn-, Ni-, Mn-, and Fe-SODs. In this study, a superoxide dismutase from the thermophilic bacteria Thermobifida fusca (TfSOD) was cloned and expressed before the recombinant enzyme was characterized. The enzyme was found to be active for superoxide dismutation measured by inhibition of cytochrome c oxidation and the inhibition of the autoxidation of pyrogallol. Its pH-optimum was determined to be 7.5, while it has a broad temperature optimum ranging from 20 to 90 °C. Combined with the Tm that was found to be 78.5 ± 0.5 °C at pH 8.0, TfSOD can be defined as a thermostable enzyme. Moreover, the crystal structure of TfSOD was determined and refined to 1.25 Å resolution. With electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, it was confirmed that iron is the metal co-factor of TfSOD. The cell potential (Em) for the TfSOD-Fe3+/TfSOD-Fe2+ redox couple was determined to be 287 mV.
Graphical abstract
Setting up SLAs using a dynamic pricing model and behavior analytics in business and marketing strategies in cloud computing
Authors: Mehlabani Ehsan Gorjian , Javadpour Amir , Zhang Chongqi , Ja’fari Forough , Sangaiah Arun Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIncreasing amounts of data are being generated every year. Sustainable computing systems have become capable of extracting and learning information from the underlying data. Edge and AI (artificial intelligence) are expanding into industrial systems requiring new computing and networking infrastructure. Due to this, SLA computing is becoming increasingly challenging to handle in these emerging cloud environments. The cloud is a service that provides virtual resources to users. Qualitative and quantitative findings in market-oriented approaches are one of the most common methods for managing virtual and physical machines in a network. When allocating services, price is an important factor to consider. In this study, we aim to determine the initial price of VMs while considering the dynamic pricing model in a competitive, sustainable computing system. Besides negotiation-based trading, a multifactor architecture is used for trading in the marketplace. Based on the simulation results, it was found that the performance could be improved by categorizing the VMs based on regression. According to the simulation results, the cloud market system provides a better service-level agreement (SLA) and response time when assigning virtual machines to the market. Based on the results, we found that using the regression method for categorizing the VMs to manage the market improved the SLA.
Volumetric changes in the upper airway on CBCT after dentofacial orthopedic interventions - a systematic review
Authors: Steegman Ralph M. , Renkema Anne-Marie , Schoeman Adriaan , Kuijpers-Jagtman Anne Marie , Ren Yijin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To provide a critical overview of the effect of various orthodontic and/or dentofacial orthopedic interventions on three-dimensional volumetric changes in the upper airway.

Materials and methods
Four databases were searched for clinical studies concerning 3D volumetric assessments based on CBCT before and after orthodontics interventions. The quality of the studies was assessed using the quality assessment tool of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. After the use of inclusion and exclusion criteria, the pre-and post-treatment volumes were used to visualize the effect of various orthodontics interventions.

Results
A total of 48 studies were included in this review and none of which were RCTs. The quality of all included studies was assessed as medium. Overall, there is a tendency for an increase in airway volumes after various orthodontic interventions, except for studies concerning extraction therapy with fixed appliances in adults, in which both increases and decreases in airway volumes have been reported.

Conclusion
Orthodontic treatment by growth modification and non-extraction therapy with fixed appliances, regardless of the malocclusion, generally showed positive effects on the airway volume. Orthodontic treatment in combination with extractions does not provide an unambiguous insight. A consensus on the methodology of the airway measurement and nomenclature is urgently needed in order to gain insight into the effect of different interventions on three-dimensional airway changes.

Clinical relevance
Various orthodontic treatments do not negatively influence the upper airway volume. However, extraction therapy in adults should be chosen with caution, especially in subjects belonging to a group susceptible to airway obstruction.
Drainage versus no drainage after burr-hole evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 1961 patients
Authors: Aljabali Ahmed , Sharkawy Aya Mohammed , Jaradat Belal , Serag Ibrahim , Al-dardery Nada Mostafa , Abdelhady Mariam , Abouzid Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a common neurosurgical condition that can cause severe morbidity and mortality. cSDH recurs after surgical evacuation in 5–30% of patients, but drains may help reduce this risk. We aimed to investigate the effect of drainage versus no drainage on the rates of recurrence and mortality, as well as the clinical outcomes of cSDH. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we searched four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science) to identify eligible studies reported up to June 2022. Using Review Manager software, we reported four primary outcomes as odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis included a total of 10 studies with 1961 patients. The use of drainage was found to be significantly more effective than non-drainage in reducing the “mortality rate” (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.97; P = 0.04), the “recurrence rate” (OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.55; P < 0.00001), and occurrence of “gross focal neurological deficit” (OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.89; P = 0.01). No significant difference was found in the occurrence of a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15 (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.76; P = 0.30). The use of drains after burr-hole irrigation reduces the recurrence, mortality, and gross focal neurological deficit rates of chronic subdural hematomas.
Empowering soft skills in children with ADHD through the co-creation of tangible tabletop games
Authors: Cerezo Eva , González-González Carina S. , Bonillo Clara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere has been a push in recent years to introduce soft skills at different levels of education, and tangible technologies are an excellent tool for achieving this. However, integrating digital skills for children with ADHD remains challenging, and educators need effective strategies to promote these skills. Thus, we investigate which methods and frameworks are the most appropriate for children with ADHD when designing technology and promoting creativity and social skills. A pilot experience is also presented in which a team of children with ADHD co-create a game using tangible tabletops. The results show that the strategies used promoted positive behaviors in terms of communication, collaboration, and creativity during the sessions. The contribution of this research is that it provides examples of effective strategies to promote soft skills in children with ADHD.
Exploring the relations of executive functions with emotional, linguistic, and cognitive skills in preschool children: parents vs. teachers reports
Authors: Spataro Pietro , Morelli Mara , Pirchio Sabine , Costa Sara , Longobardi Emiddia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the executive functions (EF) of preschool children and their associations with emotional, linguistic, and cognitive skills, using parent and teacher reports. A total of 130 children aged 34 to 71 months participated. The preschool version of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-P) was completed by both parents and teachers to assess behavioral difficulties in the use of EFs, while children were administered the Test of Emotion Comprehension (TEC), the Test of Language Evaluation (TVL), and the Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM). Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between parents’ and teachers’ reports, with parents attributing to children more EF difficulties than parents. Children’s EF difficulties were negatively associated with emotion comprehension, language ability, and non-verbal intelligence, although correlations were stronger when using teachers’ reports. The value of using indirect measurement of preschoolers’ EF problems and the importance of adopting a multi-informant approach are discussed.