bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Austerity's afterlives? The case of community asset transfer in the UK
Authors: Turnbull Neil 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the UK, community infrastructure and the care that it provides has been at the sharp end of swingeing government cuts brought about through austere economics and politics. One local manifestation, and legacy, of austerity is the rise in Community Asset Transfer (CAT), a practice whereby local authorities transfer the ownership of public assets to community groups. CAT may predominantly be understood through the lexicon of austerity localism where the state—driven by fiscal pressures—offloads publicly owned buildings onto community groups. However, narrowly applied this interpretation leaves little room for the possibility and/or recognition of other politics which may exist on the ground. In response, this paper sets out a non‐foundational approach to CAT practice that involves in‐depth ethnographic analysis of three CAT community centres in a Welsh local authority. Following Gibson‐Graham's (2006, A postcapitalist politics) call to read for difference rather than dominance, and conscious of the ambivalent politics of CAT, I trace ways in which care is practiced in these new spaces through momentary acts and even explicit political engagement. CATs are experiments in care that allow us a glimpse into the life of community infrastructure after the passing of direct state support. Exploring the afterlives of these assets—and their relational and emotional geographies—reveals an affective politics and orientation not necessarily aligned with neoliberal rationales. Indeed, despite their fragile configuration, CAT practices must be acknowledged, questioned, and considered as part of the wider debate on the future(s) of post‐welfare care.
Coping with an unreliable supplier: An option contract with a backup supplier
Authors: Heydari Jafar , Bakhshi Alireza , Nikoofal Mohammad E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study considers a channel with a retailer who satisfies demand by ordering from two suppliers: a low‐cost primary supplier whose production is subject to failure and an expensive reliable backup supplier. We develop a call option contract and evaluate the preference of each party through two negotiable scenarios: (i) the backup supplier only decides on option price and (ii) the backup supplier determines both option and exercise prices. We find that higher authority and flexibility of the backup supplier in making decisions in the second scenario results in a lower option price, yet more possibility of achieving channel coordination compared with the first scenario. While the backup supplier prefers the second scenario, the retailer would rather adopt the other one. The results also shed light on when/how the call option contract can be beneficial for each participant. Specifically, when the primary supplier is unable to supply the whole demand, the proposed option contract can be a win‐win Pareto‐improving profit‐sharing mechanism only if the likelihood of failure in the primary supplier's production is sufficiently low. Otherwise, the backup supplier may be a detrimental option for the retailer.
An inflammatory transcriptomic signature in psoriasis associates with future cardiovascular events
Authors: Garshick Michael S. , Barrett Tessa J. , Cornwell MacIntosh G. , Drenkova Kamelia , Garelik Jessica , Weber Brittany N. , Schlamp Florencia , Rockman Caron , Ruggles Kelly V. , Reynolds Harmony R. , Berger Jeffrey S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, whose pathogenesis is not fully known.ObjectiveWe identified a transcriptomic signature in psoriasis and investigated its association with prevalent and future risk of a CV event to understand the connection between psoriasis and CV disease (CVD).MethodsPsoriasis patients (n = 37) with a history of moderate–severe skin disease without CVD and 11 matched controls underwent whole blood RNA sequencing. This transcriptomic signature in psoriasis versus controls was evaluated in two CVD cohorts: Women referred for cardiac catheterization with (n = 76) versus without (n = 97) myocardial infarction (MI), and patients with peripheral artery disease (n = 106) followed over 2.5 years for major adverse CV or limb events (MACLE). The association between genes differentially expressed in psoriasis and prevalent and incident CV events was assed.ResultsIn psoriasis, median age was 44 (IQR; 34–51) years, 49% male and ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Score of 1.0% (0.6–3.4) with no significant difference versus controls. The median psoriasis area and severity index score (PASI) was 4.0 (IQR 2.9–8.2) with 36% on biologic therapy. Overall, 247 whole blood genes were upregulated and 228 downregulated in psoriasis versus controls (p < 0.05), and 1302 genes positively and 1244 genes negatively correlated with PASI (p < 0.05). Seventy‐three genes overlapped between psoriasis prevalence and PASI with key regulators identified as IL‐6, IL‐1β and interferon gamma. In the CVD cohorts, 50 of 73 genes (68%) identified in psoriasis associated with prevalent MI, and 29 (40%) with incident MACLE. Key regulator transcripts identified in psoriasis and CVD cohorts included SOCS3, BCL3, OSM, PIM2, PIM3 and STAT5A.ConclusionsA whole blood transcriptomic signature of psoriasis diagnosis and severity associated with prevalent MI and incident MACLE. These data have implications for better understanding the link between psoriasis, systemic inflammation and CVD.
POLST recall, concordance, and decision quality outcomes among nursing home residents and surrogate decision‐makers
Authors: Hickman Susan E. , Sudore Rebecca L. , Torke Alexia M. , Tang Qing , Bakoyannis Giorgos , Heim Smith Nicholette , Myers Anne L. , Hammes Bernard J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPOLST orders are actionable in an emergency, so it is important that the decisions be of high quality and concordant with current preferences. The goal of this study is to determine the relationship between concordance and decision quality outcomes, including decision satisfaction and decisional conflict, among nursing facility residents and surrogates who recall POLST.MethodsWe completed structured interviews in 29 nursing facilities with 275 participants who had previously signed a POLST form. This included residents who were still making their own medical decisions (n = 123) and surrogate decision‐makers for residents without decisional capacity (n = 152). POLST recall was defined as remembering talking about and/or completing the POLST form previously signed by the participant. Concordance was determined by comparing preferences elicited during a standardized interview with the POLST form on file. Decisional conflict, decision satisfaction, and conversation quality were assessed with standardized tools.ResultsHalf of participants (50%) remembered talking about or completing the POLST form, but recall was not associated with the length of time since POLST completion or concordance with existing preferences. In multivariable analyses, there was no association between POLST recall, concordance, and decision quality outcomes, though satisfaction was associated with conversation quality.ConclusionsHalf of the residents and surrogates in this study recalled the POLST they previously signed. Neither the age of the form nor the ability to recall the POLST conversation should be considered indicators of whether existing POLST orders match current preferences. Findings confirm a relationship between POLST conversation quality and satisfaction, underscoring the importance of POLST completion as a communication process.
A tribute to Leif Hertz: The historical context of his pioneering studies of the roles of astrocytes in brain energy metabolism, neurotransmission, cognitive functions, and pharmacology identifies important, unresolved topics for future studies
Authors: Dienel Gerald A. , Schousboe Arne , McKenna Mary C. , Rothman Douglas L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLeif Hertz, M.D., D.Sc. (honōris causā) (1930–2018), was one of the original and noteworthy participants in the International Conference on Brain Energy Metabolism (ICBEM) series since its inception in 1993. The biennial ICBEM conferences are organized by neuroscientists interested in energetics and metabolism underlying neural functions; they have had a high impact on conceptual and experimental advances in these fields and on promoting collaborative interactions among neuroscientists. Leif made major contributions to ICBEM discussions and understanding of metabolic and signaling characteristics of astrocytes and their roles in brain function. His studies ranged from uptake of K+ from extracellular fluid and its stimulation of astrocytic respiration, identification, and regulation of enzymes specifically or preferentially expressed in astrocytes in the glutamate–glutamine cycle of excitatory neurotransmission, a requirement for astrocytic glycogenolysis for fueling K+ uptake, involvement of glycogen in memory consolidation in the chick, and pharmacology of astrocytes. This tribute to Leif Hertz highlights his major discoveries, the high impact of his work on astrocyte–neuron interactions, and his unparalleled influence on understanding the cellular basis of brain energy metabolism. His work over six decades has helped integrate the roles of astrocytes into neurotransmission where oxidative and glycogenolytic metabolism during neurotransmitter glutamate turnover are key aspects of astrocytic energetics. Leif recognized that brain astrocytic metabolism is greatly underestimated unless the volume fraction of astrocytes is taken into account. Adjustment for pathway rates expressed per gram tissue for volume fraction indicates that astrocytes have much higher oxidative rates than neurons and astrocytic glycogen concentrations and glycogenolytic rates during sensory stimulation in vivo are similar to those in resting and exercising muscle, respectively. These novel insights are typical of Leif's astute contributions to the energy metabolism field, and his publications have identified unresolved topics that provide the neuroscience community with challenges and opportunities for future research.image
The long‐term impact of COVID‐19 on nursing: An e‐panel discussion from the International Network for Child and Family Centred Care
Authors: Foster Mandie Jane , Blamires Julie , Neill Sarah , Coyne Imelda , Kristjánsdóttir Guðrún , Feeg Veronica D. , Paraszczuk Ann Marie , Al‐Motlaq Mohammad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the International Network for Child and Family Centred Care (INCFCC) members' experiences and views on the long‐term impact of COVID‐19 on the nursing workforce.BackgroundOn the 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID‐19 a global pandemic. While some countries adopted a herd immunity approach, others imposed stricter measures to reduce the transmission of the virus. Hospitals in some countries faced an avalanche of extremely sick admissions, whereas others experienced an early surge in cases or were able to control the spread.DesignDiscursive paper.MethodsA web‐based survey was e‐mailed to 63 INCFCC members from 28 March to 30 April 2022, as an invitation to share their experience concerning the long‐term impact of COVID‐19 on their role as a nurse educator, clinician or researcher.ResultsSixteen members responded, and the responses were grouped under the themes stress and anxiety, safe staffing and pay, doing things differently, impact on research, impact on teaching and learning, impact on clinical practice, nursing made visible and lessons for the future.ConclusionThe INCFCC members provided their views and highlighted the impact on their role in nursing education, administration, research and/or practice. This discussion of international perspectives on the similarities and differences imposed by COVID‐19 found that the impact was wide‐ranging and prolonged. The overarching theme revealed the resilience of the participating members in the face of COVID‐19.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study highlights the importance of all areas of nursing, be it in academia or in clinical practice, to work together to learn from the present and to plan for the future. Future work should focus on supporting organizational and personal resiliency and effective interventions to support the nursing workforce both during a disaster and in the recovery phase. Nursing workforce resilience in the face of COVID‐19.
Workplace gender discrimination in the nursing workforce—An integrative review
Authors: Gauci Patricia , Luck Lauretta , O'Reilly Kate , Peters Kath 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo critically synthesise the literature that explores the experiences of workplace gender discrimination from the perspective of registered nurses.DesignIntegrative review.Review MethodsPrimary research articles reporting on the experience of workplace gender discrimination towards registered nurses in any setting were eligible for inclusion. Studies were critically appraised for methodological quality using a modified Critical Appraisal Skills Program list. The six phases of thematic analysis proposed by Braun and Clarke (2006) were used to guide the analysis. Data were extracted and coded, and themes were identified according to the review aims and significant findings of each study.Data SourcesCINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, published between January 2012 and June 2022.ResultsTwenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Major themes identified were (1) career progression, (2) career interruption, (3) positioning of men in nursing and (4) positioning of women in nursing.ConclusionThis review shows that both men and women in nursing experience workplace gender discrimination; however, the forms and consequences of this discrimination differ substantially by gender.Implications for the ProfessionIt is important that the pursuit of greater numerical representation of men in nursing does not result in further reinforcing patriarchal advantage. Professional development for nurse leaders in managing gender issues is recommended.ImpactThis integrative review presents current issues on workplace gender discrimination for men and women in nursing. The findings suggest gender roles and norms have an effect on the careers of both men and women in nursing. The time has come to alter restrictive gender norms and to challenge notions of hegemonic masculinity and femininity.Reporting MethodWe have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines—PRISMA.No Patient or Public ContributionFor this literature review on workplace gender discrimination for registered nurses, we did not engage members of the patient population, nor the general public.
Healthcare professionals perspectives on feasibility and acceptability of family engagement in early mobilisation for adult critically ill patients: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Mukpradab Sasithorn , Cussen Julie , Ranse Kristen , Songwathana Praneed , Marshall Andrea P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo explore healthcare professionals' perceptions of the feasibility and acceptability of family engagement in early mobilisation for adult critically ill patients.BackgroundEarly mobilisation is beneficial to minimise intensive care unit acquired‐weakness in critically ill patients and family engagement can help with meeting early mobilisation goals, but it is not widely practiced. Understanding healthcare professionals' perceptions of feasibility and acceptability of family engagement in early mobilisation of adult critically ill patients is required to inform future implementation strategies to promote early mobilisation.DesignA descriptive qualitative study.MethodsFace‐to‐face, individual, semi‐structured interviews were conducted between August 2021 and March 2022 with healthcare professionals working in two intensive care units in Australia. The interviews were analysed using the inductive content analysis, and descriptive statistics were used to summarise participant characteristics. The COREQ checklist was followed when reporting this study.ResultsEleven ICU nurses, five physiotherapists and four physicians participated in the interviews. Three main categories were identified: (i) healthcare professionals' readiness, (ii) mediators of engagement and (iii) foundations for successful implementation. Most participants demonstrated a positive attitude towards an implementation of family engagement in early mobilisation for adult critically ill patients; however, capability and capacity of healthcare professionals, family members' willingness, availability and readiness and the care context were considered factors that could influence the successful implementation.ConclusionFrom the perspectives of healthcare professionals, family engagement in early mobilisation is feasible and acceptable to enact but implementation is influenced by contextual factors including, healthcare professionals' capability and capacity and family members' willingness, availability and readiness. Collaborative teamwork and preparing family members and healthcare professionals are needed to support this practice.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings provide important information to further identify potential strategies of family engagement in early mobilisation and to help and mitigate factors that impede implementation.
Impact of a quality improvement intervention on the incidence of surgical site infection in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: Pre‐test–post‐test design
Authors: Horgan Sinéad , Hegarty Josephine , Andrews Emmet , Hooton Carmel , Drennan Jonathan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to measure the impact of a complex quality improvement intervention on the incidence of SSI in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.BackgroundSurgical site infections are a major postoperative complication for patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Prevention of SSIs necessitates a complex intervention requiring many elements to be in place to ensure the successful implementation of prevention measures.DesignThis study was a non‐equivalent pre‐test post‐test design where consecutive patients undergoing colorectal surgery were surveyed for surgical site infections for 30 days postoperatively and is reported using the SQUIRE 2.0.MethodsA baseline cohort of patients was retrospectively reviewed in a single centre to ascertain the surgical site infection incidence rate in the first 6 months of 2018 (T0) and prospectively at two 6‐month time periods in 2019 (T1, T2) following the introduction of a complex intervention. There were 311 patients included across three time periods.ResultsThere was a notable decrease in surgical site infection incidence rates from baseline over the course of the study. Univariate analysis identified Body Mass Index, a wound contamination classification of dirty or contaminated, duration of surgery >75th percentile and a National Healthcare Safety Network risk index score of 3 as factors that significantly increase the probability of developing a surgical site infection. Multivariate analysis identified duration of surgery and body mass index increased the probability of an SSI. The results of the logistical regression model found that there was a significant reduction in the probability of an SSI between T0 and T2.ConclusionsThe implementation of a complex intervention led to a reduction in the incidence of surgical site infections and improved implementation of evidence‐based practices as part of a care bundle in relation to the prevention of surgical site infections in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.Relevance to Clinical PracticeA multicomponent multidisciplinary complex intervention as part of a quality improvement project can successfully reduce the incidence rates of surgical site infections in patients who require elective colorectal surgery. Normalisation Process Theory provides guidance and support in implementing complex interventions for the prevention of surgical site infection.Patient or Public ContributionPatients provided post‐discharge information on their wound healing as part of the surveillance component of the intervention. Five patients reviewed and provided feedback on a patient information booklet which was developed from this quality improvement intervention. A multidisciplinary steering group guided all stages of the project.
Curvilinear relationships in person‐environment fit research: Is there evidence for a too‐much‐of‐a‐good‐thing effect?
Authors: Vleugels Wouter , Flatau‐Harrison Huw 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we revisit this well‐established linear relationship of person‐organisation, demands‐abilities, and needs‐supply fit with job satisfaction, commitment, and OCBs, and propose that this relationship may be linear for affective work outcomes but curvilinear for behavioural ones. We test this idea in a two‐wave sample of 212 employees, with measures taken 4 weeks apart. The results support the idea that the relationship between fit and behavioural outcomes can, indeed, be curvilinear. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the nature of the relationship between fit and work outcomes by challenging the long‐held ‘more fit is better’ logic that pervades much of the PE fit research to date.
Parents helping a child with disability learn at home during COVID‐19: Experiences from Slovenia and Canada
Authors: Schmidt Majda , Šilc Mateja , Brown Ivan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused much disruption in many global sectors, including education where schools were closed in most countries and children had to learn remotely from home. This was particularly challenging for children with special learning needs and disabilities, often already somewhat marginalized, as they were more likely to be left behind and less able to adapt easily to remote online learning. This study inquired into the experiences of 67 parents from Slovenia and 15 parents from Canada who helped their children with special learning needs or disabilities learn remotely. Parents in both countries identified several specific advantages and disadvantages to learning remotely from home. The Slovenian children spent more hours per day at their lessons and attended more lessons than the Canadian children. Both samples of parents received some support from their schools, although the Slovenia parents perceived these as more satisfactory. This study provides a unique opportunity to study the effects of remote learning during a prolonged crisis situation, and it provides valuable lessons for how both families and school personnel can work to improve the potential educational experiences of students who are required to learn remotely. A 12‐point framework for planning for future emergencies is provided.