bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional variant rs10175368 which affects the expression of CYP1B1 plays a protective role against breast cancer in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Liu Jiarui , Zhang Lijia , Tang Mingwen , Chen Xinyu , Yang Caiyun , Li Yong , Feng Jin , Deng Yan , Wang Xin , Zhang Yi 
Published: April 2023

Objective
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) genetic variants are relevant in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Exploring the relationships between CYP1B1 functional variants and breast cancer could improve our understanding of breast cancer molecular pathophysiology.

Methods
This is a two-stage hospital-based case–control study of a Chinese Han population. Genotyping was performed to identify candidate gene variants. 3DSNP, ANNOVAR, and RegulomeDB were used to determine functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The relationship between candidate variants and breast cancer risk was evaluated through unconditional logistic regression analysis. The PancanQTL platform was used to perform cis and trans expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis of positive SNPs. The GSCA platform was then used to compare the gene expression levels of potential target genes between breast cancer tissue and normal tissue adjacent to the cancer.

Results
rs10175368-T acted as a protective factor against breast cancer based on an additive model [odds ratio (OR) = 0.722, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.613–0.850; P < 0.001], and was identified as a protective factor in the postmenopausal population (OR = 0.601; 95% CI, 0.474–0.764; P < 0.001). eQTL analysis and analysis of differential expression in carcinoma and paracancerous tissues revealed that the expression level of CYP1B1-AS1 was associated with rs10175368 and that CYP1B1-AS1 had significantly higher expression levels in breast cancer tissues than in paracancerous tissues.

Conclusion
We show, for the first time in a Chinese Han population, that the functional variant rs10175368 plays a protective role against breast cancer, especially in the postmenopausal population.
Emerging role of long non-coding RNAs JPX in malignant processes and potential applications in cancers
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Bai Huihui , Jiang Meina , Zhou Chengwei , Gong Zhaohui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) reportedly function as important modulators of gene regulation and malignant processes in the development of human cancers. The lncRNA JPX is a novel molecular switch for X chromosome inactivation and differentially expressed JPX has exhibited certain clinical correlations in several cancers. Notably, JPX participates in cancer growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance, by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA, interacting with proteins, and regulating some specific signaling pathways. Moreover, JPX may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. The present article summarizes our current understanding of the structure, expression, and function of JPX in malignant cancer processes and discusses its molecular mechanisms and potential applications in cancer biology and medicine.
Characterization of HBV surface antigen isoforms in the natural history and treatment of HBV infection
Authors: Rodgers Mary A. , Shah Pir A. , Anderson Mark , Vallari Ana S. , Gersch Jeffrey , Mbanya Dora , Sauleda Oliveras Silvia , Choudhry Saad , Leary Thomas P. , Kuhns Mary C. , Dawson George J. , Cloherty Gavin A. , Lau Daryl T.Y. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The loss of HBV HBsAg or functional cure is a desirable goal of hepatitis B management. The relative abundances of HBsAg isoforms may offer additional diagnostic and predicting values. To evaluate the clinical utility of HBsAg isoforms, we developed novel prototype assays on the ARCHITECT automated serology platform that specifically detects total-HBsAg (T-HBsAg), large (L-HBsAg), and middle (M-HBsAg) products of the S gene to determine the isoform composition of human specimens from acute and chronic HBV infection and during long-term nucleos(t)ide analog therapy.

Results:
In the early phase of acute HBV infection, L-HBsAg and M-HBsAg emerged within days and were in parallel to T-HBsAg during the entire course of infection. M-HBsAg levels were consistently higher than L-HBsAg levels. Patients with HBeAg(+) chronic hepatitis B had higher T-HBsAg, M-HBsAg, and L-HBsAg levels compared with HBeAg(−) patients. Correlations of M-HBsAg and L-HBsAg to T-HBsAg were similar in both. In contrast, there was no strong correlation between L-HBsAg or M-HBsAg with HBV DNA levels. During long-term nucleos(t)ide analog treatment, changes in HBsAg isoform abundance were proportional to T-HBsAg regardless of treatment responses for both HBeAg(+) and HBeAg(−) chronic hepatitis B. A larger sample size may be necessary to detect a significant difference.

Conclusion:
HBsAg isoform compositions parallel T-HBsAg levels in both acute and chronic hepatitis B infection. L-HBsAg and M-HBsAg individual biomarkers do not appear to provide an additional diagnostic benefit for staging chronic disease or monitoring response to treatment with current therapies.
Hemodynamic Tolerance of New Resistance Training Methods in Patients With Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Gillet Alexis , Lamotte Michel , Forton Kevin , Roussoulières Ana , Dewachter Céline , Bouziotis Jason , Deboeck Gaël , van de Borne Philippe 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the effectiveness of three different resistance training (RT) methods for cardiac rehabilitation.

Methods:
Individuals with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, n = 23) or coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 22) and healthy controls (CTRL, n = 29) participated in this randomized crossover trial of RT exercises at 70% of the one-maximal repetition on a leg extension machine. Peak heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured noninvasively. The three RT methods were five sets of increasing repetitions from three to seven (RISE), of decreasing repetitions from seven to three (DROP), and three sets of nine repetitions (USUAL). Interset rest intervals were 15 sec for RISE and DROP and 60 sec for USUAL.

Results:
Peak HR differed on average by <4 bpm between methods in the HFrEF and CAD groups (P < .02). Rises in systolic BP (SBP) in the HFrEF group were comparable across methods. In the CAD group, mean SBP at peak exercise increased more in RISE and DROP than in USUAL (P < .001), but the increase was ≤10 mm Hg. In the CTRL group, SBP was higher for DROP than for USUAL (152 ± 22 vs 144 ± 24 mm Hg, respectively; P < .01). Peak cardiac output and perceived exertion did not differ between methods.

Conclusions:
The RISE, DROP, and USUAL RT methods induced a similar perception of effort and similar increases in peak HR and BP. The RISE and DROP methods appear more efficient as they allow a comparable training volume in a shorter time than the USUAL method.
In vivo screening identifies SPP2, a secreted factor that negatively regulates liver regeneration
Authors: Lin Yu-Hsuan , Zeng Qiyu , Jia Yuemeng , Wang Zixi , Li Lin , Hsieh Meng-Hsiung , Cheng Qiang , Pagani Chase A. , Livingston Nicholas , Lee Jeon , Zhang Yu , Sharma Tripti , Siegwart Daniel J. , Yimlamai Dean , Levi Benjamin , Zhu Hao 
Published: April 2023

Background and Aims:
The liver is remarkably regenerative and can completely recover even when 80% of its mass is surgically removed. Identification of secreted factors that regulate liver growth would help us understand how organ size and regeneration are controlled but also provide candidate targets to promote regeneration or impair cancer growth.

Approach and Results:
To enrich for secreted factors that regulate growth control, we induced massive liver overgrowth with either YAP or MYC. Differentially expressed secreted factors were identified in these livers using transcriptomic analysis. To rank candidates by functionality, we performed in vivo CRISPR screening using the Fah knockout model of tyrosinemia. We identified secreted phosphoprotein-2 (SPP2) as a secreted factor that negatively regulates regeneration. Spp2-deficient mice showed increased survival after acetaminophen poisoning and reduced fibrosis after repeated carbon tetrachloride injections. We examined the impact of SPP2 on bone morphogenetic protein signaling in liver cells and found that SPP2 antagonized bone morphogenetic protein signaling in vitro and in vivo. We also identified cell-surface receptors that interact with SPP2 using a proximity biotinylation assay coupled with mass spectrometry. We showed that SPP2’s interactions with integrin family members are in part responsible for some of the regeneration phenotypes.

Conclusions:
Using an in vivo CRISPR screening system, we identified SPP2 as a secreted factor that negatively regulates liver regeneration. This study provides ways to identify, validate, and characterize secreted factors in vivo.
Evidence-based objective performance criteria for the evaluation of hip and knee replacement devices and technologies
Authors: Nieuwenhuijse Marc J. , Randsborg Per-Henrik , Hyde Jensen H. , Xi Wenna , Franklin Patricia , Sun Limin , Zheng Xinyan , Banerjee Samprit , Mao Jialin , Aryal Suvekshya , Chan Priscilla , Chen Amanda , Liebeskind Alexander , Bonangelino Pablo , Voorhorst Paul , Gressler Laura E. , Devlin Vincent , Peat Raquel , Marinac-Dabic Danica , Paxton Elizabeth , Sedrakyan Art 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Objective performance criteria (OPC) is a novel method to provide minimum performance standards and improve the regulated introduction of original or incremental device innovations in order to prevent patients from being exposed to potentially inferior designs whilst allowing timely access to improvements. We developed 2-year safety and effectiveness OPC for total hip and knee replacement (THR and TKR).

Methods:
Analyses of large databases were conducted using various data sources: a systematic literature review; a direct data analysis from The Functional Outcomes Research for Comparative Effectiveness in Total Joint Replacement and Quality Improvement Registry (FORCE-TJR) and the Kaiser Permanente Implant Registry (KPIR); and claims data analyses from longitudinal discharge data in New York and California states. The literature review included U.S. patients (≥18 years) who received THR or TKR for primary end-stage osteoarthritis and prospectively collected data on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) from at least 100 subjects and/or 2-year implant survival for at least 250 implants. Random effects models were used for meta-analysis.

Results:
Data were available from a total of 951 100 patients. After screening of 7979 abstracts, 294 studies underwent full-text review and 31 studies contributed to the evidence synthesis (333 995 implants). Direct data analysis of FORCE-TJR contributed 9223 joint replacement patients to the construction of OPC for effectiveness; KPIR contributed 262 044 patients for the construction of OPC for safety. Claims database analysis contributed 345 838 patients to the construction of safety OPC. OPC for safety were constructed for cumulative incidences of 2-year all-cause and septic revision (THR/TKR 2.0%/1.6% and 0.6%/0.7%), and OPC for effectiveness were constructed based on four disease-specific and three general health-related quality of life PROMs (HOOS/KOOS 87.1/80.6; HSS/KSS function 94.4/90.6; SF-12/SF-36, PCS 46.5/41.9, EQ-5D 0.88/0.84).

Conclusion:
This study is the first to construct a 2-year OPC for the safety and effectiveness of THR and TKR based on U.S. real-world data. Based on these OPC, potential benchmarks for (single-arm study) evaluation of new device innovations are suggested for a regulated and safe introduction to the (commercial) market.
Benchmarking: a novel measuring tool for outcome comparisons in surgery
Authors: Wu Yi , Li Shizhen , Yuan Jingxiong , Zhang Hang , Wang Min , Zhang Zhenxiong , Qin Renyi 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Benchmarking, a novel measuring tool for outcome comparisons, is a recent concept in surgery. The objectives of this review are to examine the concept, definition, and evolution of benchmarking and its application in surgery.

Methods:
The literature about benchmarking was reviewed through an ever-narrowing search strategy, commencing from the concept, definition, and evolution of benchmarking to the application of benchmarking and experiences of benchmarking in surgery. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct databases were searched until 20 September 2022, in the English language according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

Results:
In the first phase of the literature search, the development of benchmarking was identified. The definitions of benchmarking evolved from a surveying term to a novel quality-improvement tool to assess the best achievable results in surgery. In the second phase, a total of 23 studies were identified about benchmarking in surgery, including esophagectomy, hepatic surgery, pancreatic surgery, rectum resection, and bariatric surgery. All studies were multicenter analyses from national, international, or global expert centers. Most studies (87.0%) adopted the definition that benchmark was the 75th percentile of the median values of centers. Performance metrics to define benchmarks were clinically relevant intraoperative and postoperative outcome indicators.

Conclusion:
Benchmarking in surgery is a novel quality-improvement tool to define and measure the best achievable results, establishing a meaningful reference to evaluate surgical performance.
Exploring objective factors to predict successful outcomes after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication
Authors: Park Sangjun , Park Shin-Hoo , Kim Min Seo , Kwak Jisoo , Lee Inhyeok , Kwon Yeongkeun , Lee Chang Min , Choi Hyuk Soon , Keum Bora , Yang Kyung-Sook , Park Joong-Min , Park Sungsoo 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Currently, the reported parameters that predict the resolution of symptoms after surgery are largely subjective and unreliable. Considering that fundoplication rebuilds the structural integrity of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the authors focused on searching for objective and quantitative predictors for the resolution of symptoms based on the anatomical issues and whether an antireflux barrier can be well established or not.

Materials and methods:
The authors reviewed the prospectively collected data of 266 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who had undergone laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF). All patients were diagnosed with GERD using preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy, 24-h ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring, and high-resolution esophageal manometry. The patients received GERD symptom surveys using the validated Korean Antireflux Surgery Group questionnaire twice: preoperatively and 3 months after the surgery.

Results:
After excluding patients with insufficient follow-up data, 152 patients were included in the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that a longer length of the LES and lower BMI determined better resolution of typical symptoms after LNF (all P<0.05). Regarding atypical symptoms, higher resting pressure of LES and DeMeester score greater than or equal to 14.7 were associated with better resolution after the surgery (all P<0.05). After LNF, typical symptoms improved in 34 out of 37 patients (91.9%) with a length of LES >greater than .05 cm, BMI less than 23.67 kg/m2, and atypical symptoms were resolved in 16 out of 19 patients (84.2%) with resting pressure of LES greater than or equal to 19.65 mm Hg, DeMeester score greater than or equal to 14.7.

Conclusion:
These results show that the preoperative length and resting pressure of LES is important in the objective prediction of symptom improvement after LNF.
The impact of patient safety incidents during hip and knee replacements on patients’ health related quality of life: a before and after study using longitudinal data linked to patient-reported outcome measures
Authors: Xiao Mimi , Kristensen Søren Rud , Marti Joachim , Mossialos Elias 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The burden of patient safety incidents (PSIs) is often characterized by their impact on mortality, morbidity, and treatment costs. Few studies have attempted to estimate the impact of PSIs on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the studies that have made such estimates primarily focus on a narrow set of incidents. The aim of this paper is to estimate the impact of PSIs on HRQoL of patients undergoing elective hip and knee surgery in England.

Patients and methods:
A unique linked longitudinal data set consisting of patient-reported outcome measures for patients with hip and knee replacements linked to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) collected between 2013/14 and 2016/17 was examined. Patients with any of nine US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) PSI indicators were identified. HRQoL was measured using the general EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D) before and after surgery. Exploiting the longitudinal structure of the data, exact matching was combined with difference in differences to estimate the impact of experiencing a PSI on HRQoL and its individual dimensions, comparing HRQoL improvements after surgery in similar patients with and without a PSI in a retrospective cohort study. This design compares the change in HRQoL before and after surgery in patients who experience a PSI to those who do not.

Results:
The sample comprised 190 697 and 204 649 observations for patients undergoing hip replacement and knee replacement respectively. For six out of nine PSIs, patients who experienced a PSI reported improvements in HRQoL that were 14–23% lower than those who did not experience a PSI during surgery. Those who experienced a PSI were also more likely to report worse health states after surgery than those without a PSI on all five dimensions of HRQoL.

Conclusion:
PSIs are associated with a substantial negative impact on patients’ HRQoL.
Patient decision support interventions for candidates considering elective surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Ling Jie , Bansback Nick , Liao Meixia , Wu Vivien Xi , Wang Wenru , Liu Gabriel Ka Po , Hey Hwee Weng Dennis , Luo Nan 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The increase in elective surgeries and varied postoperative patient outcomes has boosted the use of patient decision support interventions (PDSIs). However, evidence on the effectiveness of PDSIs are not updated. This systematic review aims to summarize the effects of PDSIs for surgical candidates considering elective surgeries and to identify their moderators with an emphasis on the type of targeted surgery.

Design:
Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
We searched eight electronic databases for randomized controlled trials evaluating PDSIs among elective surgical candidates. We documented the effects on invasive treatment choice, decision-making–related outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, and healthcare resource use. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 2 and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations were adopted to rate the risk of bias of individual trials and certainty of evidence, respectively. STATA 16 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis.

Results:
Fifty-eight trials comprising 14 981 adults from 11 countries were included. Overall, PDSIs had no effect on invasive treatment choice (risk ratio=0.97; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.04), consultation time (mean difference=0.04 min; 95% CI: −0.17, 0.24), or patient-reported outcomes, but had a beneficial effect on decisional conflict (Hedges’ g=−0.29; 95% CI: −0.41, −0.16), disease and treatment knowledge (Hedges’ g=0.32; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.49), decision-making preparedness (Hedges’ g=0.22; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.34), and decision quality (risk ratio=1.98; 95% CI: 1.15, 3.39). Treatment choice varied with surgery type and self-guided PDSIs had a greater effect on disease and treatment knowledge enhancement than clinician-delivered PDSIs.

Conclusions:
This review has demonstrated that PDSIs targeting individuals considering elective surgeries had benefited their decision-making by reducing decisional conflict and increasing disease and treatment knowledge, decision-making preparedness, and decision quality. These findings may be used to guide the development and evaluation of new PDSIs for elective surgical care.
Treatment for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis without antibiotherapy: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Correa Bonito Alba , Cerdán Santacruz Carlos , Di Martino Marcello , Blanco Terés Lara , Gancedo Quintana Álvaro , Martín-Pérez Elena , Biondo Sebastiano , García Septiem Javier 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Use of antibiotics in selected cases of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis (AUD) has recently been questioned.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to examine the safety and efficacy of treatment regimens without antibiotics compared with that of traditional treatments with antibiotics in selected patients with AUD.

Data sources:
PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library

Methods:
A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines by searching through Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published before December 2022. The outcomes assessed were the rates of readmission, change in strategy, emergency surgery, worsening, and persistent diverticulitis.

Study selection:
RCTs on treating AUD without antibiotics published in English before December 2022 were included.

Intervention:
Treatments without antibiotics were compared with treatments with antibiotics.

Main outcome measures:
The outcomes assessed were the rates of readmission, change in strategy, emergency surgery, worsening, and persistent diverticulitis.

Results:
The search yielded 1163 studies. Four RCTs with 1809 patients were included in the review. Among these patients, 50.1% were treated conservatively without antibiotics. The meta-analysis showed no significant differences between nonantibiotic and antibiotic treatment groups with respect to rates of readmission [odds ratio (OR)=1.39; 95% CI: 0.93–2.06; P=0.11; I
2=0%], change in strategy (OR=1.03; 95% CI: 0.52–2,02; P=0.94; I
2=44%), emergency surgery (OR=0.43; 95% CI: 0.12–1.53; P=0.19; I
2=0%), worsening (OR=0.91; 95% CI: 0.48–1.73; P=0.78; I
2=0%), and persistent diverticulitis (OR=1.54; 95% CI: 0.63–3.26; P=0.26; I
2=0%).

Limitations:
Heterogeneity and a limited number of RCTs.

Conclusions:
Treatment for AUD without antibiotic therapy is safe and effective in selected patients. Further RTCs should confirm the present findings.