bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insecticidal activity of isolated Purpureocillium lilacinum PL1 against whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cassava plantations in southern Viet Nam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hai , Phung Le Kim Yen , Thai Thien Ngoc Duc , Nguyen Thanh Diem , Do Anh Duy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a plant-damaging insect in tropical and subtropical regions that causes agricultural damage worldwide, including in Viet Nam. The abuse of pesticides derived from chemicals has resulted in the evolution of insect-resistant strains, polluting the environment and threatening human health. Using entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) for biological control is an alternative strategy in integrated pest management. Hence, an attempt was conducted to isolate, characterize and evaluate the efficacy of EPF, Purpureocillium lilacinum against whitefly B. tabaci under laboratory and field conditions.

Results
Purpureocillium lilacinum PL1 (PL1) was isolated from the whitefly B. tabaci cadavers and subsequently identified using morphological study and internal transcribed spacer sequencing. Purpureocillium lilacinum PL1 had effectively grown and sporulated at temperatures ranging from 25 to 35 °C and throughout a broad pH range, which is particularly advantageous against the harsh tropical monsoon climate. Bioassay study indicated that 1 × 107 conidia/ml of P. lilacinum PL1 had a high lethality against the whitefly B. tabaci nymphs in vitro with efficiency was 88.24% after 7 days of treatment. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of P. lilacinum PL1 to B. tabaci after 7 days of treatment was 1.24 × 105 conidia/ml. In field conditions, 1 × 107 conidia/ml of P. lilacinum PL1 lowered the population of B. tabaci nymphs with efficacy was 78.86% after 2 batches, 7 days after treatments.

Conclusion
The findings indicated that P. lilacinum PL1 was effective in the biological control of B. tabaci nymphs, which could be a potential alternative to chemical pesticides for pest management.
The first chick brain with non-invasively embedded beads: a foundation for the automation of brain research
Authors: Yoshimura Akari , Seki Masayuki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The automation of biotechnology, such as next-generation DNA sequencing, revolutionarily provides massive amounts of data and integrates various research fields. By contrast, many non-automated brain research fields are not interconnected with one other. In this study, we developed a basis for the automation of brain research. Two major technical barriers for the automation of brain research in vertebrates are the necessity for skull incision and a precise inoculation system for probes, devices, and electrodes in defined brain locations.

Results
The former barrier in the background was overcome by inoculating probes into the future brain area of chick embryos before skull formation. Fluorescent micro-beads that mimic probes were inoculated into the future brain area of chick embryos, and 20% of the manipulated embryos hatched, with 71% of the hatched chicks containing multiple beads in their brains.

Conclusions
With this technique, beads are embedded inside the brain without skull incision, promising a novel non-invasive method that overcomes the drawbacks associated with traditional invasive brain manipulation.
Independence and domination in divisor graph and mod-difference graphs
Authors: Elsakhawy Sayed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe initiate the study of domination and inverse domination in labeled graphs. In this paper, we determined the cardinality of maximal independent and minimum variant dominating (total dominating/independent dominating/co-independent dominating) sets and their inverse in divisor graph and in two new labeling definitions called 0-mod-difference and 1-mod-difference graphs.
Anti-wear (AW) and extreme-pressure (EP) behavior of jojoba oil dispersed with green additive CaCO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Kulkarni Trishul , Toksha Bhagwan , Chatterjee Aniruddha , Naik Jitendra , Autee Arun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLubricating approaches involving nanoparticles have a significant role in reducing friction and wear. Reducing friction is crucial for preserving energy, minimizing emissions, and protecting the environment. The present experimental study investigates green nano-lubricants prepared by dispersing various concentrations of CaCO3 nanoparticles in jojoba oil. The aim of the study is to assess the usability of a bio-sourced alternative nanolubricant to depleting conventional lubricants. The role of nanoparticle concentration and thermo-physical properties in improving the lubrication properties of jojoba oil was thoroughly investigated in the present study. The anti-wear and extreme-pressure behavior of jojoba oil dispersed with CaCO3 nanoparticles were evaluated as per the ASTM D4172 and ASTM D2783 test standards. The coefficient of friction, wear scar diameter, last non-seizure load, initial seizure load, weld point load, and load wear index of each sample were assessed. Compared with pure jojoba oil, the addition of CaCO3 nanoparticles in jojoba oil revealed remarkable anti-wear and extreme-pressure properties with significant improvements in the last non-seizure load, initial seizure load, weld point load, and load wear index, the average friction coefficient and the average wear scar diameter of the steel balls decreased by as much as 34.1% and 40.2%, respectively.
Incorporating Cost Measures Into the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System: Implications for Oncologists
Authors: Patel Vishal R. , Cwalina Thomas B. , Nortj� Nico , Mullangi Samyukta , Parikh Ravi B. , Shih Ya-Chen Tina , Gupta Arjun , Hussaini S.M. Qasim 
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE The Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) is currently the only federally mandated value-based payment model for oncologists. The weight of cost measures in MIPS has increased from 0% in 2017 to 30% in 2022. Given that cost measures are specialty-agnostic, specialties with greater costs of care such as oncology may be unfairly affected. We investigated the implications of incorporating cost measures into MIPS on physician reimbursements for oncologists and other physicians. METHODS We evaluated physicians scored on cost and quality in the 2018 MIPS using the Doctors and Clinicians database. We used multivariable Tobit regression to identify physician-level factors associated with cost and quality scores. We simulated composite MIPS scores and payment adjustments by applying the 2022 cost-quality weights to the 2018 category scores and compared changes across specialties. RESULTS Of 168,098 identified MIPS-participating physicians, 5,942 (3.5%) were oncologists. Oncologists had the lowest cost scores compared with other specialties (adjusted mean score, 58.4 for oncologists v 71.0 for nononcologists; difference, –12.66 [95% CI, –13.34 to –11.99]), while quality scores were similar (82.9 v 84.2; difference, –1.31 [95% CI, –2.65 to 0.03]). After the 2022 cost-quality reweighting, oncologists would receive a 4.3-point (95% CI, 4.58 to 4.04) reduction in composite MIPS scores, corresponding to a four-fold increase in magnitude of physician penalties ($4,233.41 US dollars [USD] in 2018 v $18,531.06 USD in 2022) and greater reduction in exceptional payment bonuses compared with physicians in other specialties (–42.8% [95% CI, –44.1 to –41.5] for oncologists v –23.6% [95% CI, –23.8 to –23.4] for others). CONCLUSION Oncologists will likely be disproportionally penalized after the incorporation of cost measures into MIPS. Specialty-specific recalibration of cost measures is needed to ensure that policy efforts to promote value-based care do not compromise health care quality and outcomes.
Coming Undone
Authors: Fowler Daren 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Black transness has been marked and made broken by necropolitical systems of power. Theories and politics of and for black trans women have often prioritized a rejection of or confrontation with this “state of brokenness,” as poet Nat Raha terms it. Visual artist Tourmaline offers a different relationship with brokenness in her call to “come undone,” whereby those who are “broken” can gather their broken pieces together not to heal but to give and share one's pieces with another. This essay engages Tourmaline's Salacia (2019), a film about the life of Mary Jones, a black trans sex worker who became infamous in 1836 following her arrest in New York City, as producing a black trans aesthetic of brokenness. Using a collage style of placing distinct frames upon frames, Tourmaline mixes speculative retellings of Jones's life alongside archival footage of Latina trans activist Sylvia Rivera to create an image built from the pieces and fragments of the trans archive. This aesthetic of brokenness offers an aestheticization of Saidiya Hartman's “critical fabulation” that holds and cares for black transness, a practice of gathering and being-with and being-for.
Cancer-Related Worry as a Predictor of 5-yr Physical Activity Level in Childhood Cancer Survivors
Authors: WARE MEGAN E. , DELANEY ANGELA , KRULL KEVIN R. , BRINKMAN TARA M. , ARMSTRONG GREGORY T. , WILSON CARMEN L. , MULROONEY DANIEL A. , WANG ZHAOMING , LANCTOT JENNIFER Q. , KRULL MATTHEW R. , PARTIN ROBYN E. , SHELTON KYLA C. , SRIVASTAVA DEO KUMAR , HUDSON MELISSA M. , ROBISON LESLIE L. , NESS KIRSTEN K. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Cancer-related worry (CRW; concerns related to cancer and its late effects) is prevalent among childhood cancer survivors. Elevated CRW has been associated with self-reported suboptimal physical activity. The aim of this investigation was to describe associations between CRW and objectively assessed physical activity in childhood cancer survivors.

Methods
CRW was assessed at a baseline evaluation using six survey items. Weekly minutes of moderate and vigorous physical activity were captured by actigraphy 5.25 (3.8–8.0) yr later. Factor analysis was used to identify types of worry; multiple regression determined independent associations between CRW and moderate and vigorous physical activity adjusting for sex, race, diagnosis, age at baseline, anxiety level at baseline, self-reported physical activity at baseline, and pain interference at baseline.

Results
Participants (n = 1223) were an average of 30.9 (SD, 6.9) yr at baseline and 36.1 (SD, 7.1) yr at follow-up. Thirty-seven percent were survivors of leukemia, 26% of non-CNS solid tumors, 19% of lymphoma, 11% of CNS tumors, and 6% of other malignancies. Two types of CRW were identified: “body-focused” and “general fear.” Body-focused CRW (β = −19.6, P = 0.012), endorsing pain interference (β = −27.7, P = 0.002) at baseline, and having a diagnosis of CNS tumor (β = −41.3, P = 0.0003) or non-CNS solid tumor (β = −19.4, P = 0.02) were negatively associated with physical activity at follow-up.

Conclusions
CRW related to bodily function and appearance is associated with decreased physical activity. Clinicians should consider the potential negative impact of CRW on physical activity levels and provide behavioral counseling.
Impact of Motor Competence Profiles on Adolescents’ Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness across Four Years
Authors: KOLUNSARKA IIRIS , GRÅSTÈN ARTO , STODDEN DAVID , HUHTINIEMI MIKKO , JAAKKOLA TIMO 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Physical activity levels have decreased over past decades with most adolescents neither meeting the current physical activity recommendations nor demonstrating adequate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Motor competence (MC) is foundational for a physically active lifestyle; however, children demonstrate significant differences in their levels of MC in a broad foundation of movement skills. This study investigated developmental patterns of physical activity and CRF in children across 4 yr based on their longitudinal MC profiles.

Methods
The data included annual measurements of MC, accelerometry-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and CRF over 4 yr from the age 11 to 15 (n = 1147, girls 582, boys 565). Latent profile analysis was used to identify longitudinal MC profiles and latent growth curve modeling to examine intercepts and slopes (s) of MVPA and CRF in these MC profiles.

Results
Three different longitudinal MC profiles were identified: low, moderate, and high. The MC profiles showed significant differences in intercepts of CRF and MVPA. The high MC profile showed the highest intercepts for both, but also a statistically significant decline in MVPA over time (s = −3.36, P < 0.001). Cardiorespiratory fitness increased similarly in all three profiles over time: low (s = 1.20, P < 0.01), moderate (s = 1.28, P < 0.001), high (s = 2.21, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
These results highlight the long-term associations between different MC profiles and development of MVPA and CRF. Adolescents with lower MC demonstrated lower levels of MVPA and CRF, indicating decreased participation in physical activities that can optimally enhance CRF. However, significant differences in MVPA levels between MC profiles faded over time in adolescence, whereas significant differences in CRF remained.
Pregnancy and birth complications associations with long-term adverse maternal mental health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Bodunde Elizabeth O , Buckley Daire , O'Neill Eimear , Maher Gillian M. , Matvienko-Sikar Karen , O'Connor Karen , McCarthy Fergus P. , Khashan Ali S. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Existing studies have established an association between pregnancy, birth complications, and mental health in the first few weeks postpartum. However, there is no clear understanding of whether pregnancy and birth complications increase the risk of adverse maternal mental outcomes in the longer term. Research on maternal adverse mental health outcomes following pregnancy and birth complications beyond 12 months postpartum is scarce, and findings are inconsistent. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis will examine the available evidence on the association between pregnancy and birth complications and long-term adverse maternal mental health outcomes. Methods and analysis: We will include cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies in which a diagnosis of pregnancy and/or birth complication (preeclampsia, pregnancy loss, caesarean section, preterm birth, perineal laceration, neonatal intensive care unit admission, major obstetric haemorrhage, and birth injury/trauma) was reported and maternal mental disorders (depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, psychosis, and schizophrenia) after 12 months postpartum were the outcomes. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science will be conducted following a detailed search strategy until August 2022. Three authors will independently review titles and abstracts of all eligible studies, extract data using pre-defined standardised data extraction and assess the quality of each study using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We will use random-effects meta-analysis for each exposure and outcome variable to calculate overall pooled estimates using the generic inverse variance method. This systematic review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Ethical consideration: The proposed systematic review and meta-analysis is based on published data; ethics approval is not required. The results will be presented at scientific meetings and publish in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022359017
Ultracompact programmable inverse-designed nanophotonic devices based on digital subwavelength structures
Authors: Yang Sikang , Huang Yawen , He Pengxiang , Liu Deming , Zhang Minming 
Published: April 2023

Inverse design is a powerful approach to achieve ultracompact nanophotonic devices. Here, we propose an ultracompact programmable near-infrared nanophotonic device platform to dynamically implement inverse-designed near-infrared devices with different functions by programming the state of the phase-change material filled in each pixel. By tuning PCM block by block, the subwavelength condition for inverse-designed ultracompact devices is satisfied with large tuning pixel size. Based on the inverse-design device platform with a footprint of 6.4µm×8µm, we design and theoretically demonstrate four power splitters with different split ratios and one mode multiplexer working in the near-infrared band. The average excess losses for the power splitters with ratios of 0:1,1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 are less than 0.82, 0.65, 0.82, and 1.03 dB over a wavelength span of 100 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, the insertion losses of the mode multiplexer are 1.4 and 2.5 dB for TE0 and TE1 mode, respectively, and the average crosstalk is less than −20 and −19dB, respectively. The five different devices could be configured online in a nonvolatile way by heating phase change materials with an off-chip laser, which may significantly enhance the flexibility of on-chip optical interconnections.
Method to construct the initial structure of optical systems based on full-field aberration correction
Authors: Chen Xianxing , Zhang Xu , Su Zhiqiang , Yu Jie , Wang Liping 
Published: April 2023

To meet full-field image quality requirements for extremely low
aberration optical systems, an initial structure construction method
for reflective optical systems based on full-field aberration
correction is proposed. The aberration of the full field is used as
the main evaluation criterion in this method. A multi-field evaluation
function is established using the aberration values of multiple
characteristic field points to represent the full-field imaging
quality, and spatial ray tracing is introduced to constrain the
optical system structure. Multi-objective optimization of the
evaluation function is performed using a combinatorial nondominated
sorting and metaheuristics algorithm; an initial optical system with a
reasonable structure and corrected third-order aberrations over the
full field is subsequently obtained. After optimization, an extreme
ultraviolet lithography objective with a numerical aperture of 0.33
and root-mean-square wavefront error of 0.128 nm (1/105λ,λ=13.5nm) is obtained.
Short report: A trend analysis of attitudes towards early diagnosis of dementia in Germany
Authors: Zülke Andrea E. , Luppa Melanie , Luck Tobias , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Early detection of dementia provides numerous benefits for those living with dementia and their relatives and healthcare systems at large. Methods available for early diagnosis have improved significantly over the past years. Therefore, we examined whether support for offering an early diagnosis of dementia and willingness to pursue a respective early diagnosis have changed in Germany over the last decade.

Method
We compared findings from two representative telephone surveys conducted among older adults in Germany (≥ 60 years of age) in 2011 and 2022, assessing support for offering an early diagnosis of dementia and willingness to pursue a respective early diagnosis in a sample of n = 879 individuals (mean age: 72.9, range: 60–98 years, % female: 58.8). Group comparisons using Chi2- and t-tests and multivariable regression analyses were conducted, regressing support of an early diagnosis of dementia and willingness to pursue a respective early diagnosis on age, gender, education, employment status, belief in preventability of dementia and time of survey.

Results
Support for offering an early diagnosis of dementia was high both in 2011 (90.7%) and 2022 (79.2%), but declined over time (OR: .39; 95% CI: .25; .63). Willingness to pursue an early diagnosis of dementia declined from 70.7% to 60.1% in the same period (OR: .62; 95% CI: .45; .86). Belief in preventability of dementia was linked to support for offering an early diagnosis (OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.25; 2.83) and willingness to pursue an early diagnosis of dementia (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.12; 2.07). Older participants less often supported offering an early diagnosis of dementia (OR: .97, 95% CI: .95; .99).

Conclusion
Support for offering an early diagnosis of dementia and willingness to pursue a respective diagnosis is high in the older German public, but lower than reported previously. Improving knowledge on modifiable risk factors and better understanding of individual motives underlying endorsement or refusal of an early diagnosis may increase acceptance in the general public.
Prevalence and risk factors of underweight among under-5 children in Bangladesh: Evidence from a countrywide cross-sectional study
Authors: Hossain Md. Moyazzem , Abdulla Faruq , Rahman Azizur 
Published: April 2023

Background
Underweight is one of the important anthropometric components of malnutrition among under-five children and is a major public health concern in Bangladesh because it contributes to mortality as well as morbidity. In designing suitable health programs and policies with the goal of attaining UN SDG Goals, it is necessary to identify the critical risk factors of under-five malnutrition. It is evident that the quantile regression produces robust estimates in the presence of outliers. However, in the context of Bangladesh, no study has been conducted considering the sequential quantile regression on this topic. Therefore, the authors aimed to find the determinants of underweight among under-5 children in Bangladesh considering the latest country representative dataset.

Methods and materials
The paper considers a weighted sample of size 7762 children are used and data were extracted from the latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017–18 data. Multivariable simultaneous quantile regression models were used to fulfill the objectives of this study.

Results
Findings depict that undernutrition affects the majority of children in the population as compared to the reference population. The WAZ-score of the child increases by 0.202 points at the 10th quantile of the conditional distribution, and by 0.565 points at the 90th quantile as we move from children of underweight to overweight women. Moreover, the WAZ scores of children from the richest families in the 10th, 50th, and 75th quantiles, respectively, are increased by 0.171, 0.016, and 0.084 points.

Conclusion
Quantile regression revealed the results of several socioeconomic and demographic factors acting differently across the WAZ distribution. Therefore, policymakers may consider the identified risk factors to lessen malnutrition among under-5 children in Bangladesh.