bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The State of the Art in Creating Visualization Corpora for Automated Chart Analysis
Authors: Chen Chen , Liu Zhicheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present a state‐of‐the‐art report on visualization corpora in automated chart analysis research. We survey 56 papers that created or used a visualization corpus as the input of their research techniques or systems. Based on a multi‐level task taxonomy that identifies the goal, method, and outputs of automated chart analysis, we examine the property space of existing chart corpora along five dimensions: format, scope, collection method, annotations, and diversity. Through the survey, we summarize common patterns and practices of creating chart corpora, identify research gaps and opportunities, and discuss the desired properties of future benchmark corpora and the required tools to create them.
The survival outcomes of prophylactic lateral neck dissection for medullary thyroid carcinoma, a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hao Weijing , Zhao Jingzhu , Guo Fengli , Zhang Jinming , Gu Pengfei , Ruan Xianhui , Zhang Wei , Zheng Xiangqian , Gao Ming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefits of prophylactic lymph node dissection in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) patients without radiographically lateral neck metastases.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital.ParticipantsPatients who underwent primary surgery for MTC between 2011 and 2019 and without structural disease of the lateral neck preoperatively.Main outcome measuresLocoregional recurrence, disease‐free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were examined.ResultsThe patients were divided into two groups: the central lymph node dissection (CLND) only group and the prophylactic lateral lymph node dissection (PLND) group, which included CLND and ipsilateral lateral lymph node dissection (LLND). A total of 89 patients were included: 71 patients in the CLND group and 18 patients in the PLND group. Although there were no significant differences in age, gender, multifocality, capsule invasion or TNM stage between the two groups, the tumour size and preoperative median calcitonin levels were different. The recurrence rate was 4.2% for the CLND group and 5.6% for the PLND group (p > 0.05). DFS among the CLND and PLND groups was 95.4% and 94.4%, and OS among the groups was 100% and 94.1% (p > 0.05) at 5 years. The biochemical cure rates were similar.ConclusionsPLND in the absence of structural disease of the lateral neck preoperatively is not associated with improved survival in patients with sporadic MTC.
SVM‐ABC based cancer microarray (gene expression) hybrid method for data classification
Authors: Gulande Punam , Awale R N 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicroarray technology presents a challenge due to the large dimensionality of the data, which can be difficult to interpret. To address this challenge, the article proposes a feature extraction‐based cancer classification technique coupled with artificial bee colony optimization (ABC) algorithm. The ABC‐support vector machine (SVM) method is used to classify the lung cancer datasets and compared them with existing techniques in terms of precision, recall, F‐measure, and accuracy. The proposed ABC‐SVM has the advantage of dealing with complex nonlinear data, providing good flexibility. Simulation analysis was conducted with 30% of the data reserved for testing the proposed method. The results indicate that the proposed attribute classification technique, which uses fewer genes, performs better than other modalities. The classifiers, such as naïve Bayes, multi‐class SVM, and linear discriminant analysis, were also compared and the proposed method outperformed these classifiers and state‐of‐the‐art techniques. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of using intelligent algorithms and feature extraction techniques to improve the accuracy of cancer diagnosis using microarray gene expression data.
Evolution of butterfly seasonal plasticity driven by climate change varies across life stages
Authors: Nielsen Matthew E. , Nylin Sören , Wiklund Christer , Gotthard Karl 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhotoperiod is a common cue for seasonal plasticity and phenology, but climate change can create cue–environment mismatches for organisms that rely on it. Evolution could potentially correct these mismatches, but phenology often depends on multiple plastic decisions made during different life stages and seasons that may evolve separately. For example, Pararge aegeria (Speckled wood butterfly) has photoperiod‐cued seasonal life history plasticity in two different life stages: larval development time and pupal diapause. We tested for climate change‐associated evolution of this plasticity by replicating common garden experiments conducted on two Swedish populations 30 years ago. We found evidence for evolutionary change in the contemporary larval reaction norm—although these changes differed between populations—but no evidence for evolution of the pupal reaction norm. This variation in evolution across life stages demonstrates the need to consider how climate change affects the whole life cycle to understand its impacts on phenology.
Hospital‐diagnosed morbidities and recent surgery as risk factors for developing Guillain–Barré syndrome
Authors: Levison Lotte S. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Andersen Henning 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThis study was undertaken to determine the association of hospital‐diagnosed morbidity and recent surgery with risk of subsequent Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) development.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide population‐based case–control study of all patients with first‐time hospital‐diagnosed GBS in Denmark between 2004 and 2016 and 10 age‐, sex‐, and index date‐matched population controls per case. Hospital‐diagnosed morbidities included in the Charlson Comorbidity Index were assessed as GBS risk factors up to 10 years prior to the GBS index date. Incident major surgery was assessed within 5 months prior.ResultsIn the 13‐year study period, there were 1086 incident GBS cases, whom we compared with 10,747 matched controls. Any pre‐existing hospital‐diagnosed morbidity was observed in 27.5% of GBS cases and 20.0% of matched controls, yielding an overall matched odds ratio (OR) of 1.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4–1.9). The strongest associations were found for leukemia, lymphoma, diabetes, liver disease, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease, with 1.6‐ to 4.6‐fold increased risks of subsequent GBS. GBS risk was strongest for morbidities newly diagnosed during the past 5 months (OR = 4.1, 95% CI = 3.0–5.6). Surgical procedures within 5 months prior were observed in 10.6% of cases and 5.1% of controls, resulting in a GBS OR of 2.2 (95% CI = 1.8–2.7). Risk of developing GBS was highest during the first month following surgery (OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 2.6–5.2).ConclusionsIn this large nationwide study, individuals with hospital‐diagnosed morbidity and recent surgery had a considerably increased risk of GBS.
Inventing the managed realignment of the coast: Trying ‘to live with nature not defeat her’
Authors: Oliver Stuart 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClimate change and rising sea levels have led to managed realignment at the coast, but the practice of realignment has an ambiguous socioecological identity that has hindered its widespread use. Realignment represents the realization of the nature‐based coastal management strategies first proposed in the United States during the Shoreline Debate of the early 1980s. It was put into practice in 1990 on Northey Island, Essex, as an experimental response to coastal erosion, and has subsequently become relatively widespread on the British coast. Realignment has been represented either as a form of ecological modernisation or as a rewilding, though it can challenge both these understandings through the radical ambiguity of the ‘wild experiments’ it produces. This ambiguity, however, means that while realignment has the potential to enable a structural transformation of socioecological relations at the coast, it has commonly only been used for the purposes of pragmatic environmental reform.
Behavioral health literacy: A new construct to improve outcomes among incarcerated individuals
Authors: Pettus Carrie , Kennedy Stephanie C. , Renn Tanya , Tripodi Stephen , Herod Lauren , Rudes Danielle , Taxman Faye S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the United States, nearly 13 million adults are incarcerated in prisons and jails annually with significant negative public health consequences. Incarcerated individuals have disproportionate rates of behavioral health disorders (BHDs); untreated BHD symptoms bring people into incarceration settings and are associated with re‐arrest after release. Although lack of treatment motivation is often used to explain these outcomes, individuals may have limited knowledge about BHDs and their symptoms, when and why treatment is warranted, and how to access treatment during custody and in the community. We propose a new construct called behavioral health literacy to facilitate linkage between individuals with BHDs and appropriate treatment options. In this paper, we define behavioral health literacy, review extant literature, describe why behavioral health literacy is needed, and explore how behavioral health literacy interventions may be developed to expand knowledge and guide policy and practice, ultimately improving both behavioral health outcomes and reduce criminal legal system involvement.
Worker Congresses in China: Do they matter?
Authors: Gunderson Morley K. , Lee Byron Y. , Wang Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe use a survey of privately‐owned enterprises spanning the years 2006–2014 and estimate effects of Worker Congresses on worker welfare outcomes. We find that Congresses by themselves had positive effects on all outcomes except for wages. Firms with both a Congress and a union had large and positive effects on all outcomes reflecting the sum of their separate individual effects, suggesting that they were not substitute institutions but rather were complementary in an additive fashion.
The moderating role of different forms of empathy on the association between performing animal euthanasia and career sustainability
Authors: Crane Monique F. , Kho Madison , Thomas Emma F. , Decety Jean , Molenberghs Pascal , Amiot Catherine E. , Lizzio‐Wilson Morgana , Wibisono Susilo , Allan Felicity , Louis Winnifred 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVeterinarian work may take an emotional toll on practitioners and their mental health, potentially driving premature exit from the profession. Performing animal euthanasia is frequently identified as a potential risk factor for sustainable mental health. Yet, research has demonstrated mixed results between euthanasia performance and detrimental mental health outcomes, suggesting the potential for factors that moderate this association. In this three‐wave longitudinal survey study, including 110 currently practicing veterinarians (88% female), we examined whether the type of empathy experienced by these practitioners plays a role in the association between performing animal euthanasia and career sustainability. Two types of empathy, cognitive empathy (i.e., understanding the affective experience of another) and emotional empathy (i.e., experiencing another's emotional state) were assessed. Job disengagement at 12 months was predicted by the interaction between animal euthanasia frequency in the past 12 months and emotional empathy in the past 6 or 12 months. Perceived resilience at 12 months was predicted by the interaction between animal euthanasia frequency in the past 12 months and emotional empathy a year prior. For these outcomes, the effects of performing animal euthanasia on career sustainability were moderated by emotional empathy. Higher levels of emotional empathy were associated with worse outcomes. Veterinarians may seek to understand the affective experience of the client or patient and provide compassionate care in a sustainable way. However, they should do so while avoiding the costs of emotional empathy. This work has implications for veterinarian training to support career sustainability.
Spatial correlation of left atrial low voltage substrate in sinus rhythm versus atrial fibrillation: The rhythm specificity of atrial low voltage substrate
Authors: Nairn Deborah , Eichenlaub Martin , Lehrmann Heiko , Müller‐Edenborn Björn , Chen Juan , Huang Taiyuan , Nagel Claudia , Sánchez Jorge , Luongo Giorgio , Westermann Dirk , Arentz Thomas , Dössel Olaf , Jadidi Amir , Loewe Axel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionImproved sinus rhythm (SR) maintenance rates have been achieved in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing pulmonary vein isolation plus additional ablation of low voltage substrate (LVS) during SR. However, voltage mapping during SR may be hindered in persistent and long‐persistent AF patients by immediate AF recurrence after electrical cardioversion. We assess correlations between LVS extent and location during SR and AF, aiming to identify regional voltage thresholds for rhythm‐independent delineation/detection of LVS areas. (1) Identification of voltage dissimilarities between mapping in SR and AF. (2) Identification of regional voltage thresholds that improve cross‐rhythm substrate detection. (3) Comparison of LVS between SR and native versus induced AF.MethodsForty‐one ablation‐naive persistent AF patients underwent high‐definition (1 mm electrodes; >1200 left atrial (LA) mapping sites per rhythm) voltage mapping in SR and AF. Global and regional voltage thresholds in AF were identified which best match LVS < 0.5 mV and <1.0 mV in SR. Additionally, the correlation between SR‐LVS with induced versus native AF‐LVS was assessed.ResultsSubstantial voltage differences (median: 0.52, interquartile range: 0.33–0.69, maximum: 1.19 mV) with a predominance of the posterior/inferior LA wall exist between the rhythms. An AF threshold of 0.34 mV for the entire left atrium provides an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 69%, 67%, and 69% to identify SR‐LVS < 0.5 mV, respectively. Lower thresholds for the posterior wall (0.27 mV) and inferior wall (0.3 mV) result in higher spatial concordance to SR‐LVS (4% and 7% increase). Concordance with SR‐LVS was higher for induced AF compared to native AF (area under the curve[AUC]: 0.80 vs. 0.73). AF‐LVS < 0.5 mV corresponds to SR‐LVS < 0.97 mV (AUC: 0.73).ConclusionAlthough the proposed region‐specific voltage thresholds during AF improve the consistency of LVS identification as determined during SR, the concordance in LVS between SR and AF remains moderate, with larger LVS detection during AF. Voltage‐based substrate ablation should preferentially be performed during SR to limit the amount of ablated atrial myocardium.
The influence of working memory and processing speed on other aspects of cognitive functioning in de novo Parkinson's disease: Initial findings from network modelling and graph theory
Authors: Ferguson Cameron E. , Foley Jennifer A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeficits in working memory (WM) and processing speed (PS) are thought to undermine other cognitive functions in de novo Parkinson's disease (dnPD). However, these interrelationships are only partially understood. This study investigated whether there are stronger relationships between verbal WM and verbal episodic memory encoding and retrieval, whether verbal WM and PS have a greater influence on other aspects of cognitive functioning, and whether the overall strength of interrelationships among several cognitive functions differs in dnPD compared to health. Data for 198 healthy controls (HCs) and 293 dnPD patients were analysed. Participants completed a neuropsychological battery probing verbal WM, PS, verbal episodic memory, semantic memory, language and visuospatial functioning. Deficit analysis, network modelling and graph theory were combined to compare the groups. Results suggested that verbal WM performance, while slightly impaired, was more strongly associated with measures of verbal episodic memory encoding and retrieval, as well as other measured cognitive functions in the dnPD network model compared to the HC network model. PS task performance was impaired and more strongly associated with other neuropsychological task scores in the dnPD model. Associations among task scores were stronger overall in the dnPD model. Together, these results provide further evidence that WM and PS are important influences on the other aspects of cognitive functioning measured in this study in dnPD. Moreover, they provide novel evidence that verbal WM and PS might bear greater influence on the other measured cognitive functions and that these functions are more strongly intertwined in dnPD compared to health.
The impacts of intra‐individual daily sleep variability on daytime functioning and sleep architecture in healthy young adults: An experimental study
Authors: Sun Wanqi , Cheung Forrest Tin Wai , Chan Ngan Yin , Zhang Jihui , Chan Joey Wing Yan , Chan Kate Ching Ching , Wing Yun Kwok , Li Shirley Xin 
Published: June 2023

SummarySleep variability is commonly seen in the young populations. This study aimed to examine the impacts of experimentally induced sleep variability on sleepiness, mood, cognitive performance and sleep architectures among young adults. Thirty‐six healthy individuals (aged 18–22 years) were randomly assigned to either variable sleep schedule (n = 20) or control (n = 16) groups. The protocol involved 1 week of regular sleep (time in bed = 7.5 hr) in the home setting, followed by one adaptation night (time in bed = 7.5 hr), one baseline night (time in bed = 7.5 hr), and 6 nights of sleep manipulation in the laboratory monitored by polysomnography (three cycles of variable sleep schedule by changing daily time in bed alternating between 6 hr and 9 hr for variable sleep schedule group versus fixed sleep schedule with daily time in bed for 7.5 hr for control group). Sleepiness, mood, sustained attention, processing speed, response inhibition and working memory were measured every morning and evening. The variable sleep schedule group reported a higher level of sleepiness, especially in the mornings, and increased negative mood in the evenings. There were no significant differences in positive mood, cognitive performance and sleep macro‐ and micro‐structures. Our results showed the negative effects of sleep variability on daytime functioning especially sleepiness and negative mood, suggesting the need to address variable sleep schedules through sleep intervention.
Mechanisms of immunity in acutely decompensated cirrhosis and acute‐on‐chronic liver failure
Authors: Engelmann Cornelius , Zhang Ingrid W. , Clària Joan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe identification of systemic inflammation (SI) as a central player in the orchestration of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) has opened new avenues for the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this disease condition. ACLF, which develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis, is characterized by single or multiple organ failure and high risk of short‐term (28‐day) mortality. Its poor outcome is closely associated with the severity of the systemic inflammatory response. In this review, we describe the key features of SI in patients with acutely decompensated cirrhosis and ACLF, including the presence of a high blood white cell count and increased levels of inflammatory mediators in systemic circulation. We also discuss the main triggers (i.e. pathogen‐ and damage‐associated molecular patterns), the cell effectors (i.e. neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes), the humoral mediators (acute phase proteins, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and bioactive lipid mediators) and the factors that influence the systemic inflammatory response that drive organ failure and mortality in ACLF. The role of immunological exhaustion and/or immunoparalysis in the context of exacerbated inflammatory responses that predispose ACLF patients to secondary infections and re‐escalation of end‐organ dysfunction and mortality are also reviewed. Finally, several new potential immunogenic therapeutic targets are debated.
Management of the acute on chronic liver failure in the intensive care unit
Authors: Karvellas Constantine J. , Gustot Thierry , Fernandez Javier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) reflects the development of organ failure(s) in a patient with cirrhosis and is associated with high short‐term mortality. Given that ACLF has many different ‘phenotypes’, medical management needs to take into account the relationship between precipitating insult, organ systems involved and underlying physiology of chronic liver disease/cirrhosis. The goals of intensive care management of patients suffering ACLF are to rapidly recognize and treat inciting events (e.g. infection, severe alcoholic hepatitis and bleeding) and to aggressively support failing organ systems to ensure that patients may successfully undergo liver transplantation or recovery. Management of these patients is complex since they are prone to develop new organ failures and infectious or bleeding complications. ICU therapy parallels that applied in the general ICU population in some complications but differs in others. Given that liver transplantation in ACLF is an emerging and evolving field, multidisciplinary teams with expertise in critical care and transplant medicine best accomplish management of the critically ill ACLF patient. The focus of this review is to identify the common complications of ACLF and to describe the proper management in critically ill patients awaiting liver transplantation in our centres, including organ support, prognostic assessment and how to assess when recovery is unlikely.
Can l‐ascorbic acid and trans‐resveratrol protect HaCaT cells from fine particulate matter toxicity?
Authors: Mokrzyński Krystian , Krzysztyńska‐Kuleta Olga , Wojtala Mateusz , Wnuk Dawid , Sarna Michał , Sarna Tadeusz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractContinuous exposure of human skin to air pollution can result in a range of undesirable skin conditions. In our recent study, UV and visible light were found to increase cytotoxicity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) against human keratinocytes. Since it is impossible to avoid exposure of human skin to PM2.5, effective strategies are needed to reduce their damaging effects. l‐ascorbic acid and resveratrol were tested as potential topical agents against pollution‐related skin impairment. Although these agents were previously found to ameliorate PM‐dependent damage, the effect of light and seasonal variation of particles were not previously studied. EPR spin‐trapping, DPPH assay, and singlet oxygen phosphorescence were used to determine the scavenging activities of the antioxidants. MTT, JC‐10 and iodometric assays were used to analyze the effect on PM2.5‐induced cytotoxicity, mitochondrial damage and oxidation of lipids. Live‐cell imaging was employed to examine wound‐healing properties of cells. Light‐induced, PM2.5‐mediated oxidative damage was examined by immunofluorescent staining. Both antioxidants effectively scavenged free radicals and singlet oxygen produced by PM2.5, reduced cell death and prevented oxidative damage to HaCaT cells. l‐ascorbic acid and resveratrol, especially when applied in combination, can protect HaCaT cells against the dark and light induced toxicity of PM2.5.