bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic analysis of the Rayleigh–Wood anomalies and the symmetry relations of 2D‐periodic nanostructures by imaging spectroscopic ellipsometry
Authors: Okano Shun , Duwe Matthias , Sivis Murat , Ueda Gen , Owa Tetsuhiro , Ikushima Kenji 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPeriodic arrays of metallic nanostructures were fabricated by electron beam lithography and studied by means of spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry in the near infrared to ultraviolet spectral ranges. The sample consists of gold nanodisc and nanorod gratings on a silicon substrate. Spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry, allowing for the simultaneous observation of all gratings with microscopic resolution, was used to systematically analyze the varying grating and nanostructure parameters. The ellipsometric spectra obtained for a full in‐plane sample rotation proved to be a highly sensitive measure of the gratings’ Rayleigh–Wood anomalies. Their dependence on the sample azimuth was in excellent agreement with the Rayleigh lines calculated from the grating parameters and could be tracked for both the ambient‐to‐grating and the grating–substrate interfaces. Contrary to other studies on similarly sized nanoparticle arrays, we found no indication of localized plasmon resonance in the visible range of the spectrum, but only a weak NIR response truncated by the Rayleigh lines. Finally, the symmetry of the structures was investigated by imaging Mueller‐matrix measurements.
Left atrial appendage closure in end‐stage renal disease and hemodialysis: Data from a German multicenter registry
Authors: Fink Thomas , Paitazoglou Christina , Bergmann Martin W. , Sano Makoto , Keelani Ahmad , Sciacca Vanessa , Saad Mohammed , Eitel Charlotte , Heeger Christian‐Hendrik , Skurk Carsten , Landmesser Ulf , Thiele Holger , Stiermaier Thomas , Fuernau Georg , Reil Jan‐Christian , Frey Norbert , Kuck Karl‐Heinz , Tilz Roland R. , Sandri Marcus , Eitel Ingo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeft atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has emerged as an alternative to oral anticoagulation (OAC) for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). OAC treatment has been proven feasible in mild‐to‐moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). In contrast, the optimal antithrombotic management of AF patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) is unknown and LAAC has not been proven in these patients in prospective randomized clinical trials.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to evaluate safety and efficacy of LAAC in patients with ESRD.MethodsPatients undergoing LAAC were collected in a German multicenter real‐world observational registry. A composite endpoint consisting of the occurrence of ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack, systemic embolism, and/or major clinical bleeding was assessed. Patients with ESRD were compared with propensity score‐matched patients without severe CKD. ESRD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate < 15 ml/min/1.73 m2 or chronic hemodialysis treatment.ResultsA total of 604 patients were analyzed, including 57 with ESRD and 57 propensity‐matched patients. Overall, 596 endocardial and 8 epicardial LAAC procedures were performed. Frequency of major complications was 7.0% (42/604 patients) in the overall cohort, 8.8% (5/57 patients) in patients with ESRD, and 10.5% (6/57 patients) in matched controls (p = 0.75). The estimated event‐free survival of the combined endpoint after 500 days was 90.7 ± 4.5% in patients with ESRD and 90.2 ± 5.5% in matched controls (p = 0.33).ConclusionsLAAC had comparable procedural safety and clinical efficacy in patients with ESRD and patients without severe CKD.
Synthesis of α‐Aryl Carbonyls via Photoinduced Formation of C−C Bonds
Authors: Li Songyi , Wei Jingyao , Ren Qianhang , Yue Guanglu , Qiu Di , Fagnoni Maurizio , Protti Stefano 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present review aims to provide an overview of recent developments in photochemical and photocatalyzed synthesis of α‐aryl carbonyls via formation of C(sp)2−C(sp)3bonds. The approaches described are based on the use of light as the exclusive energy source for the generation of highly reactive carbon radicals, cations or radical ions as the key intermediates of the process. Such strategies efficiently compete with traditional routes, that require the combined use of transition metal complexes, ligands, additives and often harsh reaction conditions.
Photophysical Characterization of Isoguanine in a Prebiotic‐Like Environment
Authors: Ortín‐Fernández Javier , Caldero‐Rodríguez Naishka E. , Crespo‐Hernández Carlos E. , Martínez‐Fernández Lara , Corral Inés 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is intriguing how a mixture of organic molecules survived the prebiotic UV fluxes and evolved into the actual genetic building blocks. Scientists are trying to shed light on this issue by synthesizing nucleic acid monomers and their analogues under prebiotic Era‐like conditions and by exploring their excited state dynamics. To further add to this important body of knowledge, this study discloses new insights into the photophysical properties of protonated isoguanine, an isomorph of guanine, using steady‐state and femtosecond broadband transient absorption spectroscopies, and quantum mechanical calculations. Protonated isoguanine decays in ultrafast time scales following 292 nm excitation, consistently with the barrierless paths connecting the bright S1 (ππ*) state with different internal conversion funnels. Complementary calculations for neutral isoguanine predict similar photophysical properties. These results demonstrate that protonated isoguanine can be considered photostable in contrast to protonated guanine, which exhibits 40‐fold longer excited state lifetimes.
Blockchain based integrity assurance framework for COVID‐19 information management & decision making at National Command Operation Center, Pakistan
Authors: Zaid Muhammad , Akram Muhammad Waheed , Rizvi Amna , Rizvi Syed Khurram Jah 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe uncontrollable spread of contagious disease COVID‐19 is a perennial threat to mankind and has resulted in an unprecedented lockdowns in several countries including Pakistan which in turn has caused an adverse socio‐economic impact to all industries. The strategic leadership and concerned state authorities are trying hard to combat and control the spread of COVID‐19 pandemic. The effective use of Information Management & Decision Support (IMDS) System can play significant role in combating pandemic and its spread, managing relief actions effectively, accessing vulnerable communities to roll out targeted subsidies by ensuring the coordinated effort and subsequent implementation. Reliable information is significantly critical to assist government and public health agencies in determining the best way forward to control this global health emergency. Therefore, this paper aims to strengthen capacity of IMDS System used by government institutions and authorities for decision making and information dissemination. In this research work, we addressed the integrity‐based issues that include completeness, correctness, and freshness of data by proposing a block chain‐based integrity protection mechanism. The proposed novel framework is a cascaded formulation of Integrity Assurance (IA) Protocol, Cryptographic Merkle Hash Tree, Digital Signature, and Blockchain. Beside cascaded formulation, two (2) schemes for MHT Generation are also presented in the framework. The proposed framework ensures fairness, completeness, and correctness of data that will be very helpful for secure data management, integration, and utilization in analysis for decision‐making. The proposed framework achieved an accuracy of more than 98.09% with better quantitative performance in standard evaluation parameters.
Molecular Amplification as an Affordable Strategy for Trace‐Level Detection of Ionic Analytes with Fluorimetric or Colorimetric Readout
Authors: Choudhury Abhijnan Ray , Dey Nilanjan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNaked‐eye detection of an analyte at an ultralow concentration in a complex mixture is the ultimate goal of an analytical chemist. Over the years, with a wide range of sophisticated analytical techniques based on, for example, various microscopies (TEM, SEM, AFM), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), one can achieve as low as single‐molecule detection. Despite their excellent sensitivities, these methods are often found to be unsuitable for on‐location analysis of real‐life samples due to limitations such as the requirement for advanced instrumental facilities and skilled technicians, high‐cost maintenance, and multi‐step sample preparation procedures. On the other hand, using the concept of molecular amplification a similar level of sensitivity can be achieved with changes in color or fluorescence as the output response. Unlike previous related reviews, in this work we chose not to focus on the different kinds of amplification strategies (target, label, signal, or receptor amplification) nor on the species responsible for generating reporter molecules (catalysts, macromolecules, metal surfaces, and supramolecular aggregates). Instead, herein we have attempted to discuss how the concept of molecular amplification has helped in the trace‐level detection of ionic analytes (for example, anions, heavy metal pollutants and charged biological molecules).
Horseradish Peroxidase‐Coupled Ag3PO4/BiVO4 Photoanode for Biophotoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants
Authors: Liu Jianqiao , Qin Jin , Li Shiquan , Yan Kai , Zhang Jingdong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhotoelectrocatalysis (PEC) is regarded as a promising and sustainable process for removal of organic contaminants from wastewater. Meanwhile, enzymatic catalysis also provides an effective way to carry out polluted environment remediation under mild conditions. In this study, a biophotoelectrocatalytic (BPEC) system is designed to remove 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) based on a combination of PEC and enzymatic catalysis. The developed BPEC system is constructed with a Ag3PO4/BiVO4 photoanode and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐loaded carbon cloth (CC) cathode. On the photoanode, the construction of a direct Z‐scheme Ag3PO4/BiVO4 heterojunction enhanced the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers, which promoted the PEC degradation of 4‐NP under visible light irradiation. After HRP was immobilized on the cathode, the degradation efficiency of 4‐NP reached 97.1 % after 60 min PEC treatment. The result could be ascribed to the HRP‐catalyzed oxidation reaction via in situ‐generated H2O2 from the CC cathode during the PEC process. Moreover, the possible degradation pathways of 4‐NP in such a BPEC system are also discussed.
One‐cycle controllability of high step‐up Boost converter with coupled inductor
Authors: Song Jiuxu , Chang Zhiwei , Liu Hongxia , Ding Shuai 
Published: January 2023

SummaryComparing with traditional pulse width modulation technique, the transient performances of the high step‐up DC/DC converters can be significantly improved by one‐cycle control (OCC) technique, which is an appropriate control strategy for interface converters directly connecting the renewable energies to the DC microgrid. However, the suitability of OCC for these converters is rarely studied. One‐cycle controllability of the high step‐up DC/DC Boost converter with coupled inductor is studied with theoretical researches and experimental verifications. First, with the analysis on the operating modes of the converter, its periodic switched linear system model and the criterion for OCC are established. Furthermore, one‐cycle controllability of the converter is calculated in detail. Final, a prototype of the high step‐up converter from 48 to 380 V is prepared. Experimental results indicate that the disturbances in the input of the high step‐up converter can be depressed within only one switching cycle. Ideal dynamic characteristic for the converter under disturbance in the output is also achieved. Results of this paper are meaningful for investigations on the transient characteristics of high step‐up DC/DC converters applied to DC microgrid.
Clinical features of adult patients with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder presenting for medical stabilization: A descriptive study
Authors: Nitsch Allison , Watters Ashlie , Manwaring Jamie , Bauschka Maryrose , Hebert Melanie , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to describe the clinical features of adult patients with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) to better understand the medical findings, psychological comorbidities, and laboratory abnormalities in this population.MethodWe completed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients with a diagnosis of ARFID, admitted for medical stabilization, between April 2016 and June 2021, to an inpatient hospital unit, which specializes in severe eating disorders. Information collected included anthropomorphic data, laboratory assessments, and medical history at time of admission.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐two adult patients with ARFID were identified as meeting inclusion criteria for the study. The most common ARFID presentation was “fear of adverse consequences.” The majority were female (70%), with an average age of 32.7 ± 13.7 years and mean percent of ideal body weight (m%IBW) of 68.2 ± 10.9. The most common laboratory abnormalities were low serum prealbumin and vitamin D, hypokalemia, leukopenia, and elevated serum bicarbonate. The most common psychiatric diagnoses were anxiety and depressive disorders, and the most common medical diagnoses were disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI).DiscussionThis is the largest study to the authors' knowledge of medical presentations in adult patients with ARFID. Our results reflect that the adult patient with ARFID may, in some aspects, present differently than pediatric and adolescent patients with ARFID, or from ARFID patients requiring less intensive care. This study highlights the need for further investigation of adult patients with ARFID.Public SignificanceARFID is a restrictive eating disorder first defined in 2013. This study explores the medical presentations of adult patients (>18 years old) with ARFID presenting for specialized eating disorder treatment and identifies unique features of the adult presentation for treatment, compared to pediatric and adolescent peers.
Effect of patisiran on stroke volume in hereditary transthyretin‐mediated amyloidosis: insights from pressure–volume analysis of the APOLLO study
Authors: Rosenblum Hannah R. , Griffin Jan M. , Minamisawa Masatoshi , Prasad Narayana , Vest John , White Matthew T. , Solomon Scott D. , Burkhoff Daniel , Maurer Mathew S. 
Published: January 2023

AimsTransthyretin‐mediated (ATTR) amyloidosis is caused by deposition of transthyretin protein fibrils in the heart, nerves, and other organs. Patisiran, an RNA interference therapeutic that inhibits hepatic synthesis of transthyretin, was approved for the treatment of hereditary ATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy based on the phase 3 APOLLO study. We use left ventricular (LV) stroke volume (SV) to quantify LV function overtime and non‐invasive pressure–volume techniques to delineate the effects of patisiran on LV mechanics in the pre‐specified cardiac subpopulation of the APOLLO study.Methods and resultsLeft ventricular SV was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography at baseline, and after 9 and 18 months of therapy. To determine the mechanisms underlying changes in LV SV, non‐invasive pressure–volume parameters, including the end‐systolic and end‐diastolic pressure–volume relationship, were derived using single beat techniques. At baseline, the mean SV was 51 ± 14 ml. At 9 months, the least‐squares mean change in SV was −0.3 ± 1.2 ml for patisiran and −5.4 ± 1.9 ml for placebo (p = 0.021). At 18 months, the least‐squares mean change in SV was −1.7 ± 1.3 ml for patisiran and − 8.1 ± 2.3 ml for placebo (p = 0.016). Decline in LV SV was driven by diminished LV capacitance in placebo relative to patisiran.ConclusionsPatisiran may delay progression of LV chamber dysfunction starting at 9 months of therapy. These data elucidate the mechanisms by which transthyretin‐reducing therapies modulate progression of cardiac disease and need to be confirmed in ongoing phase 3 trials.
Silver‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization for Syntheses of Azaoxa‐ and Diazaspirocycles**
Authors: Shimaoka Momoka , Sai Masahiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract1‐Azaspirocycles are important structures present in many drugs and natural products. This work describes the silver‐catalyzed tandem cyclization strategy, which provides atom‐economical access to various azaoxa‐ and diazaspirocycles from alkynes containing two appended oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐based nucleophiles. Intramolecular attack of the pendant nucleophile on the in situ‐generated iminium intermediate is the key to the success of this transformation.
Assessing the impacts of large‐scale substitution of pressurized irrigation on basin hydrology through a water accounting framework
Authors: Mohammadpour Maryam , Zeinalzadeh Kamran , Rezaverdinejad Vahid , Hessari Behzad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs the main challenge to water resource management, the impacts of irrigation method improvement need to be addressed in regional hydrological processes. This study investigates the hydrological impacts of developing pressurized irrigation systems at the basin scale using the WEAP–WA (water evaluation and planning system–water accounting) coupling approach. Regarding the development of pressurized irrigation systems since 2006, two separate periods can be mentioned for surface irrigation (1998–2006) and for pressurized irrigation development (2006–2013) in the intermediate basin of Ahar‐Chai in Iran. All major water resource elements of the region were found and constructed in WEAP as predefined object‐oriented elements. The simplified soil moisture method was adopted to model the rainfall‐runoff process in irrigated areas. This model was calibrated and validated using PEST (parameter estimation tool) with acceptable statistical criteria. To understand water balance components, the water accounting framework (WAF) was employed, and the results indicated that modernizing the irrigation system increased water depletion and usage. The results indicate an increase of 26% in actual evapotranspiration in pressurized irrigation compared with surface irrigation (50% of the irrigated area). Actual evapotranspiration and nonbeneficial evapotranspiration per unit area also followed the same trend. However, pressurized systems have higher crop productivity and denser crop patterns. In contrast, the basin runoff during pressurized irrigation was 42% less than that during surface irrigation, which is due to fewer return flows caused by pressurized irrigation. Therefore, the basin surface runoff can be influenced by the type of irrigation. The results obtained by this study suggest an adverse effect of altering the surface irrigation methods in pressurized systems.
Teager energy assisted variational mode decomposition‐based fault location technique for STATCOM compensated system
Authors: Mishra Saswati , Gupta Shubhrata , Yadav Anamika 
Published: January 2023

AbstractModern power systems are structurally complex and thus experience transient events. For secure and reliable operation, quick system restoration is required whenever transient phenomenon like line faults occurs. Fault location techniques (FLTs) aid in faster restoration process. However, the accuracy of FLTs gets affected in presence of static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) since STATCOM compensates the dip in measured voltage during fault thereby affecting the fault current signals. Therefore, in this paper, a Teager energy assisted variational mode decomposition (VMD) based traveling wave FLT is developed for transmission lines with STATCOM. The proposed FLT considers two‐terminal instantaneous voltage signals for locating faults. In this FLT, the signals are first decoupled into modal signals and then aerial mode of the signals is chosen for decomposition using VMD. The signals are decomposed via VMD to level three producing mode three signals. Teager energy of the resultant signals is obtained and from the first peak of the energy signals, arrival time of waves (ATWs) is estimated. These estimated ATWs are used to calculate fault location and percentage error. To validate the performance of proposed FLT, several test cases with different fault scenarios are considered and the results are compared with existing techniques. The results prove efficacy of proposed FLT for studied system.
Nondestructive detection of water status and distribution in corn kernels during hot air drying using multispectral imaging
Authors: Ren Lin , Liu Wei , Liu Changhong , Zheng Lei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe characteristics of corn kernels are strongly connected with the content of three statuses of water: bound water, immobilized water, and free water. Monitoring different water contents is very important to optimize the drying process, improve corn quality, and reduce energy consumption. The feasibility of nondestructive detection of water status and its distribution in corn kernels during the hot‐air drying process using multispectral imaging was investigated.RESULTSThe chemometric methods used to develop prediction models were back propagation neural network, least‐squares support vector machine, and partial least squares. The back propagation neural network achieved the best prediction performance for total and free water contents, with correlation coefficient of prediction (Rp) of 0.9717 and 0.9782 respectively, root‐mean‐square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 4.48% and 2.54% respectively, and ratio of prediction to deviation (RPD) of 4.87 and 4.29 respectively. And partial least squares was better for the prediction of immobilized and bound water contents, with Rp of 0.9612 and 0.9798 respectively, RMSEP of 0.57% and 0.06% respectively, and RPD of 4.78 and 4.42 respectively.CONCLUSIONIt could be concluded that multispectral imaging combined with chemometric methods would be a promising technique for rapid and nondestructive detection of water status and its distribution in corn kernels. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.