bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of utilizing pathogen‐derived mycotoxins as alternatives to synthetic herbicides in controlling the noxious invasive plant Xanthium italicum
Authors: Wei Caixia , Luo Shihong , Liu Lin , Shi Kai , Han Caixia , Mohamad Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy , Shao Hua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiscovery of environmentally friendly agents for controlling alien invasive species (AIS) is challenging and in urgent need as their expansion continues to increase. Xanthium italicum is a notorious invasive weed that has caused serious ecological and economic impacts worldwide. For the purpose of exploring the possibility of utilizing herbicidal mycotoxins to control this species, three compounds, a new compound, curvularioxide (1), a new naturally occurring compound, dehydroradicinin (2), and a known compound, radicinin (3), were isolated via activity‐guided fractionation from the secondary metabolites of the pathogenic Curvularia inaequalis, which was found to infect X. italicum in natural habitats. All isolated compounds exhibited potent herbicidal activity on receiver species. It is noteworthy to mention that their effects on X. italicum in our bioassays were equivalent to the commercial herbicide glyphosate. Subsequent morphological analysis revealed that application of radicinin (3) severely hindered X. italicum seedlings' hypocotyl and root development. Malondialdehyde content and the activity of catalase and peroxidase of the seedlings were also significantly different from the control, implying the occurrence of induced oxidative stress. Our results suggest that pathogens infecting invasive plants might be valuable resources for developing safer herbicides for controlling weeds. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Do migration outcomes relate to gender? Lessons from a study of internal migration, marriage and later‐life health in China
Authors: Zhang Jingwen , Nazroo James , Zhang Nan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere has been increasing recognition in the literature that migration and marriage events are interdependent. However, previous studies on migration and gendered health outcomes focus on isolated migration events and rarely embed the migration process in the context of family life course. This study aims to narrow the research gap by examining the impacts of combined internal migration and marriage histories on health and how these vary by gender from a life course perspective. We utilized the rich life history data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and the analytical sample is composed of people of age 50 years and above with rural origin, who have migrated and married (N = 3096). By employing sequence analysis, we identified eight typical patterns of marriage–migration histories for older Chinese people. Thereafter, linear regression and Poisson regression were used to examine the relationship between these patterns and four later‐life health outcomes (depressive symptoms, self‐rated health, physical functioning and cognitive impairment). To address the selectivity into different marriage–migration trajectories, we further employed inverse‐probability‐weighted regression adjustment estimators for robustness checks. Results show that migrating in early adulthood before marriage leads to better health outcomes than migrating after marriage or migrating and getting married simultaneously. Moreover, health differences among these three groups are larger among women than men. Further analysis suggests that the relative health advantages of those, in particular for women, who migrate before marriage compared with those who migrate and marry simultaneously can be partly explained by their higher chances of gaining urban citizenship (converting to a nonagricultural Hukou) and marrying highly educated spouses. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for both internal migration in China and international migration.
Delivering oral healthcare for people with cystic fibrosis: A survey of dental practitioners in Ireland
Authors: O'Leary Fiona , Coffey Niamh , Burke Francis M. , Roberts Anthony , Hayes Martina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive condition in Caucasian populations globally. To date, there has been very little research conducted into the oral health of adults with CF possibly due to historic premature mortality. The purpose of this survey was to ascertain knowledge, attitude and practices among dental professionals regarding the oral health of people with cystic fibrosis (PWCF) as part of a larger study being conducted in Ireland.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of dental practitioners in Ireland was conducted via an online questionnaire. The survey contained close‐ended questions, and clinical scenarios which allowed for both close‐ended and free text responses in relation to the provision of dental treatment for PWCF. Data was subject to descriptive data analysis using IBM SPSS 29.ResultsThe results from the survey indicate a wide variety in the knowledge, attitudes and practices of dental practitioners regarding the oral health of PWCF. There is significant variation in the provision of dental treatment and the conditions under which such treatment is provided.ConclusionThere is a paucity of information and guidelines specific to this vulnerable population which can make the provision of dental treatment challenging for practitioners. Dental professionals may benefit from continuing professional development and further education targeting patient‐specific populations.
Research on evaluation indices and calculation method of experimental design
Authors: Zichen Wang , Zhengqiang Pan , Zhijun Cheng , Yanlin Wang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is important to design the experiment for promoting efficiency and saving costs in engineering. With multiple design methods available, selecting a suitable experiment design is essential. However, evaluating different experimental designs poses a significant challenge. This article summarizes existing evaluation indices comprehensively and constructs an evaluation indices system of experiment design, offering a wide range of evaluation and comparison criteria. The evaluation indices system solves the problem of the inability to systematically compare different experimental designs. For indices that cannot be calculated directly, we propose three algorithms, namely, the Monte Carlo method, the coarse‐fine granularity combination method, and the spatial discretization method, to get the approximation of these indices. Then, three different designs of an on‐orbit reconnaissance satellite are compared by using the proposed evaluation indices and algorithms, including uniform design, D‐optimal design, and sequential design. We employ a radar chart to combine multiple indices for comprehensive comparison and find that D‐optimal design is the best choice. The feasibility of the experimental design evaluation index system is verified by case application. In addition, we use JMP to validate the correctness of the proposed method.
Fast Quantum State Discrimination with Nonlinear Positive Trace‐Preserving Channels
Authors: Geller Michael R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractModels of nonlinear quantum computation based on deterministic positive trace‐preserving (PTP) channels and evolution equations are investigated. The models are defined in any finite Hilbert space, but the main results are for dimension . For every normalizable linear or nonlinear positive map ϕ on bounded linear operators X, there is an associated normalized PTP channel . Normalized PTP channels include unitary mean field theories, such as the Gross–Pitaevskii equation for interacting bosons, as well as models of linear and nonlinear dissipation. They classify into four types, yielding three distinct forms of nonlinearity whose computational power are explored. In the qubit case, these channels support Bloch ball torsion and other distortions studied previously, where it has been shown that such nonlinearity can be used to increase the separation between a pair of close qubit states, suggesting an exponential speedup for state discrimination. Building on this idea, the authors argue that this operation can be made robust to noise by using dissipation to induce a bifurcation to a novel phase where a pair of attracting fixed points create an intrinsically fault‐tolerant nonlinear state discriminator.
Professional identity development of English teachers: A data‐driven model
Authors: Coşgun Gamze Erdem , Savaş Perihan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the professional identity development of English teachers through the lens of the Possible Selves Theory, focusing on the experiences of three distinct groups of educators. An explanatory sequential mixed‐method research design was employed using 194 student, novice and experienced English teachers working or studying at various state schools in Turkey. The findings suggested that teacher groups held similar perceptions of their ideals and fears and there was not a significant difference among student, novice and experienced English teacher groups in terms of their possible selves. Additionally, the results revealed that the participants placed a significant emphasis on factors such as professional development, language proficiency, professional competence, personal attributes and recognition in relation to their ideal language teacher selves. The major fears related to their professional identity included language incompetence, inadequate professional development, undesirable personal attributes, undesired professional tendencies and a lack of recognition. The participants also noted various external and internal factors that influenced their possible selves. Based on the findings, a data‐driven model on English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teacher Professional Identity Development (TPID) is proposed to contribute to the existing literature in the field.
Context and ImplicationsRationale for this studyKnowing about teachers' current thoughts and their expectations and fears for the future can aid in understanding their identities and potentially transform their future selves, thereby improving the formation of their professional identity.Why the new findings matterThe findings of this study are significant as they add to the existing literature on English teachers' professional identity development using the Possible Selves Theory. This framework allows for an examination of teachers' expectations and fears, providing a comprehensive understanding of their professional selves and how these perceptions influence their future actions and goals. This knowledge is critical for designing teacher training programmes and professional development initiatives that support teachers' ongoing professional growth.ImplicationsIt is recommended to give increased attention and emphasis to the practical component of student teacher education, specifically the practicum experience, in the curriculum. Opportunities for interaction and collaboration among trainees, mentors and teacher educators should also be provided to enhance the effectiveness of the practicum. Furthermore, to address the concerns of EFL student, novice and experienced teachers about losing their enthusiasm for teaching in the future, comprehensive support mechanisms should be put in place through in‐service training and counselling services. Lastly, the Ministry of National Education could establish online and in‐person platforms to facilitate interaction and collaboration among teachers.
State estimation and traversability map construction method of a quadruped robot on soft uneven terrain
Authors: Kang Peng , Mu Xiangru , Xu Wenfu , Xu Yufeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractQuadruped robots show excellent application prospects in complex environment detection and rescue. At present, scholars mainly focus on quadruped walking in rigid environments. However, quadruped robots often need to pass through uneven and soft unconstructed terrains, prone to slip and impact. The mismatch between the planned foothold position and the real one resulting from environmental uncertainties makes the robot unstable. In this paper, the state estimation and traversability map construction methods are proposed for quadruped robots to achieve stable walking in an unstructured environment, especially on soft terrains. First, the Error‐state Kalman Filter (ErKF) is extended by optimizing the leg odometry information to get an accurate robot state, especially in soft, uneven terrain. The ErKF method fuses the sensor data from the inertial measurement unit, laser, camera, and leg odometry. The leg odometry is optimized by considering the foot slippage, which easily occurs in soft uneven terrains. Then, the unstructured environment is parameterized and modeled by the terrain inclination, roughness, height, and stiffness. A traversability map, which is essential for robot path and foothold planning in autonomous movement, is constructed with the above parameters. Finally, the proposed method is verified by simulation and experiments. The results show that the quadruped robot can walk stably on different soft and uneven terrains.
Long‐Term Flexible Neural Interface for Synchronous Recording of Cross‐Regional Sensory Processing along the Olfactory Pathway
Authors: Duan Yan , Wang Suhao , Yuan Qunchen , Shi Yingqian , Jiang Nan , Jiang Deming , Song Jizhou , Wang Ping , Zhuang Liujing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHumans perceive the world through five senses, of which olfaction is the oldest evolutionary sense that enables the detection of chemicals in the external environment. Recent progress in bioinspired electronics has boosted the development of artificial sensory systems. Here, a biohybrid olfactory system is proposed by integrating living mammals with implantable flexible neural electrodes, to employ the outstanding properties of mammalian olfactory system. In olfactory perception, the peripheral organ—olfactory epithelium (OE) projects axons into the olfactory relay station—olfactory bulb (OB). The olfactory information encoded in the neural activity is recorded from both OE and OB simultaneously using flexible neural electrodes. Results reveal that spontaneous slow oscillations (<12 Hz) in both OE and OB closely follow respiration. This respiration‐locked rhythm modulates the amplitude of fast oscillations (>20 Hz), which are associated with odor perception. Further, by extracting the characteristics of odor‐evoked oscillatory signals, responses of different odors are identified and classified with 80% accuracy. This study demonstrates for the first time that the flexible electrode enables chronic stable electrophysiological recordings of the peripheral and central olfactory system in vivo. Overall, the method provides a novel neural interface for olfactory biosensing and cognitive processing.
Conductive Polymer Coated Layered Double Hydroxide as a Novel Sulfur Reservoir for Flexible Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Dong Hanghang , Qi Shuo , Wang Lei , Chen Xianfei , Xiao Yao , Wang Yong , Sun Bing , Wang Guoxiu , Chen Shuangqiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLithium‐sulfur battery (LSB) is widely regarded as the most promising next‐generation energy storage system owing to its high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, the practical application of LSBs is mainly hampered by the low electronic conductivity of the sulfur cathode and the notorious “shuttle effect”, which lead to high voltage polarization, severe over‐charge behavior, and rapid capacity decay. To address these issues, a novel sulfur reservoir is synthesized by coating polypyrrole (PPy) thin film on hollow layered double hydroxide (LDH) (PPy@LDH). After compositing with sulfur, such PPy@LDH‐S cathode shows a multi‐functional effect to reserve lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). In addition, the unique architecture provides sufficient inner space to encapsulate the volume expansion and enhances the reaction kinetics of sulfur‐based redox chemistry. Theoretical calculations have illustrated that the PPy@LDH has shown stronger chemical adsorption capability for LiPSs than those of porous carbon and LDH, preventing the shuttling of LiPSs and enhancing the nucleation affinity of liquid‐solid conversion. As a result, the PPy@LDH‐S electrode delivers a stable cycling performance and a superior rate capability. Flexible battery has demonstrated this PPy@LDH‐S electrode can work properly with treatments of bending, folding, and even twisting, paving the way for wearable devices and flexible electronics.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Integrated with Environmental Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Ma Zhongtao , Dacayan Waynah Lou , Chatzichristodoulou Christodoulos , Mølhave Kristian Speranza , Chiabrera Francesco Maria , Zhang Wenjing , Simonsen Søren Bredmose 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe concept of combining electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) is demonstrated by testing a specially designed micro gadolinia‐doped ceria (CGO) sample in reactive gasses (O2 and H2/H2O), at elevated temperatures (room temperature—800 °C) and with applied electrical potentials. The EIS‐TEM method provides structural and compositional information with direct correlation to the electrochemical performance. It is demonstrated that reliable EIS measurements can be achieved in the TEM for a sample with nanoscale dimensions. Specifically, the ionic and electronic conductivity, the surface exchange resistivity, and the volume‐specific chemical capacitance are in good agreement with results from more standardized electrochemical tests on macroscopic samples. CGO is chosen as a test material due to its relevance for solid oxide electrochemical reactions where its electrochemical performance depends on temperature and gas environment. As expected, the results show increased conductivity and lower surface exchange resistance in H2/H2O gas mixtures where the oxygen partial pressure is low compared to experiments in pure O2. The developed EIS‐TEM platform is an important tool in promoting the understanding of nanoscale processes for green energy technologies, e.g., solid oxide electrolysis/fuel cells, batteries, thermoelectric devices, etc.
A “Catalysis‐Immobilization‐Deposition” Stepwise Strategy toward Dynamic Equilibrium of Polysulfides Conversion and Diffusion in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Yang , Wu Jiafeng , Li Yingwei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStepwise electrocatalysis can remarkably accelerate the kinetics of two consecutive reactions in sulfur electrochemistry. However, the significant difference between the catalysis and diffusion rates of polysulfides results in persistent shuttling in the stepwise electrocatalysts. Here, a stepwise electrocatalytic strategy of catalysis‐immobilization‐deposition is proposed for achieving the consistency of diffusion and catalysis of polysulfides. Accordingly, a sandwich‐like stepwise electrocatalyst is designed, which is composed of Co nanoparticles (Co‐NP), mesoporous SiO2, and iron single atom (Fe‐SA) (denoted as Co‐NP@SiO2@Fe‐SA), serving as catalysis core, immobilization interlayer, and deposition shell, respectively. Benefitting from the dynamic equilibrium between production and consumption of polysulfides achieved by the spatial synergistic effect of the triple sites, the S/Co‐NP@SiO2@Fe‐SA cathode delivers a high reversible capacity of 731 mAh g−1 over 500 cycles at 1 C with a small capacity decay of 0.039% per cycle. Moreover, a high areal capacity of 3.8 mAh cm−2 at a sulfur loading of 4.5 mg cm−2 is achieved with a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 5.9. This work sheds light on a new host design concept with high catalytic activity, stability, and selectivity to enable high performance lithium‐sulfur batteries.
Synthesis of Nanocellulose‐Based Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots with High Fluorescence Quantum Yields for Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Zhu Min , Xiong Jieyi , Li Shanshan , Chen Qifeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCarbon quantum dots (CQDs) are one of the most promising luminescent nanomaterials for anti‐counterfeiting due to their excellent optical properties, low toxicity, and environmental friendliness. With the development of green chemistry, biomass carbon sources have attracted attention. Herein, nitrogen‐doped carbon quantum dots (N‐CQDs) are synthesized using waste corn bract nanocellulose as the carbon source and L‐histidine as the nitrogen source in a simple and quick one‐step microwave method. It is found that a raw material mass ratio of 1:4, a temperature of 100 °C, and a preparation time of 5 min are the optimum preparation conditions. The fluorescence quantum yield of N‐CQDs obtained under these conditions is 32.64%. Under the excitation of light at a wavelength of 365 nm, the emission peak of N‐CQDs is located at 430 nm and emits blue light. This study also provides a method to prepare fluorescent anti‐counterfeiting films with excellent performance and fluorescent detection probes solely from waste biomass corn bract leaves and L‐histidine.
Structural evolution of layered oxide cathodes for spent Li–ion batteries: Degradation mechanism and repair strategy
Authors: Jin Shan , Liang Jianquan , Mu Deying , Lin Tianning , Tian Yuyang , Zhang Jian , Wang Yue , Chen Meng , Shi Qingmo , Dai Changsong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSustainable development has long been recognized as one of the most critical issues in today's energy and environment‐conscious society. It has never been more urgent to recycle and reuse the end‐of‐life cathode materials. Here, this work systematically investigates the structure‐critical degradation mechanism of polycrystalline LiNixCoyMn1−x−yO2 (NCM), combining experimental characterization and DFT simulations. Targeting the key degradation factors, a synergistic repair strategy based on deep mechanochemical activation and heat treatment was successfully proposed to direct regenerate the degraded NCM material. Studies indicate the induction and promotion of synergistic repair technique on the reconstruction of particle morphology, the recovery of the chemical composition and crystal structure, and the favorable transformation of the impurities phase in the failed materials. In particular, the synergistic repair process induces a gradient distribution of LiF and further enables partial fluorine doping into the NCM surface, forming abundant oxygen vacancies and increasing the content of highly reactive Ni2+. Benefiting from the comprehensive treatment for the multi‐scale and multi‐form degradation behaviors, the repaired material exhibits a capacity of 176.8 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C, which is comparable to the corresponding commercial material (172.8 mA h g−1). The satisfactory capacity of the recovered cathode proves that it is an effective direct renovating strategy.