bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual Assault and its Effects on Male Prisoners’ Rehabilitation: A Case of Kamiti Medium Prison, Kiambu County- Kenya
Authors: Arum Mildred Auma , Ngare Grace Wamue , Mwai Wangari 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This article examines the effects of sexual assault on male prisoners’ rehabilitation in Kamiti Medium Prison. It highlights underlying effects of sexual assault that negatively interfere with rehabilitation of male prisoners by exploring prevalence of sexual assault, effectiveness of the Kenya Prisons Rehabilitation Program on sexual assault survivors and perpetrators and the coping mechanisms employed by survivors of sexual assault in Kamiti Medium Prison.
Methodology: The study employed descriptive survey research design guided by Travis Hirschi’s social control theory and the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model to interrogated sexual assault, a prison gender dynamic of power and control, and its underlying effects on male prisoners’ rehabilitation. Key informant interview schedules and semi-structured questionnaires were used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data from respondents identified through stratified and purposive sampling. Quantitative and qualitative data was then coded and analyzed respectively to establish the effects of sexual assault on male prisoners’ rehabilitation in Kamiti Medium Prison.
Results: Findings indicate that sexual assault in Kamiti Medium Prison is a trivialized gender concern despite it being rampant and its effects adversely affecting rehabilitation processes of victims and perpetrators. Moreover, there are no socially acceptable coping structures for survivors and perpetrators of sexual assault and the available rehabilitation programmes are not need-based. This allows for negative and socially unacceptable coping mechanisms that worsen the effects of sexual assault and reinforce prisoners’ criminal mentality thereby contributing to their non-rehabilitation.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study departs from the many others which have largely focused on prevalence, nature and general effects of sexual assault, including possible mitigations. It provides a deeper understanding on effects of sexual assault and its impact on male prisoners’ capacity to be rehabilitated, an under researched field. Findings add knowledge to the existing literature and will benefit policy makers in the criminal justice system in addressing policy gaps like absence of a correctional policy and review of the Prison Act to synchronize with the Sexual Offences Act. Lastly, findings also form basis for future researches on the subject i.e. it recommends two studies, one, to interrogate whether those involved in prison sexual assault were imprisoned for the same crime and two, to explore the rate at which prisoners involved in prison sexual assault tend to reoffend.
Technical note: A software framework for calculating compositionally dependent in situ 14C production rates
Authors: Koester Alexandria J. , Lifton Nathaniel A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Over the last 30 years, in situ cosmogenic nuclides (CNs) have revolutionized
surficial processes and Quaternary geologic studies. Commonly measured CNs
extracted from common mineral quartz have long half-lives (e.g.,
10Be, 26Al) and have been applied over timescales from a few
hundred years to millions of years. However, their long half-lives also
render them largely insensitive to complex histories of burial and exposure of
less than ca. 100 kyr. On the other hand, in situ cosmogenic 14C (in situ 14C) is
also produced in quartz, yet its 5.7 kyr half-life renders it very sensitive
to complex exposure histories during the last ∼25 ka, a
particularly unique and powerful tool when analyzed in concert with
long-lived nuclides. In situ 14C measurements are currently limited to
relatively coarse-grained (typically sand-sized or larger, crushed or sieved to
sand) quartz-bearing rock types, but while such rocks are common, they are
not ubiquitous. The ability to extract and interpret in situ 14C from
quartz-poor and fine-grained rocks would thus open its unique applications
to a broader array of landscape elements and environments. As a first step toward this goal, a robust means of interpreting in situ 14C
concentrations derived from rocks and minerals spanning wider compositional
and textural ranges will be crucial. We have thus developed a
MATLAB®-based software framework to quantify
spallogenic production of in situ 14C from a broad range of silicate rock and
mineral compositions, including rocks too fine grained to achieve pure
quartz separates. As expected from prior work, production from oxygen
dominates the overall in situ 14C signal, accounting for >90 %
of production for common silicate minerals and six different rock types at
sea level and high latitudes (SLHL). This work confirms that Si, Al, and Mg
are important targets but also predicts greater production from Na than
from those elements. The compositionally dependent production rates for rock
and mineral compositions investigated here are typically lower than that of
quartz, although that predicted for albite is comparable to quartz,
reflecting the significance of production from Na. Predicted production
rates drop as compositions become more mafic (particularly Fe-rich). This framework should thus be a useful tool in efforts to broaden the utility of
in situ 14C to quartz-poor and fine-grained rock types, but future
improvements in measured and modeled excitation functions would be
beneficial.
Returning to the Point of Entanglement: Sexual Difference and Creolization
Authors: Kim Ruthanne C. 
Published: January 2023

In this essay, I suggest an entangled analysis of sexual difference theory via Luce Irigaray and creolization via Édouard Glissant. I argue that these two distinct discourses share a critical stance against Western sameness and assimilation into a closed metaphysical system. However, each is born of particular historical socio-political struggles that should not be collapsed. I bring them together to demonstrate that their claims are productively entangled and that a critical re-reading of melancholia can unite readers to locate sources of sexual-racial-colonial violence in disparate locations and epochs, holding collective memory and acting beyond critique. Relying on Francoise Vergès’s account of métissage and anamnesis, I will suggest that Antillean geographical vantages reveal complexities of racial and colonial relation to one’s mother, the state, and the sea. By interrogating psychoanalytic and linguistic claims, I forward a South-South circulation of coordinated but distinctive political reimaginations that challenge static notions of race, gender, and sexual difference.
Design And Development Of Air Conditioner (AC) Monitoring And Management System
Authors: CHOWDHURY MAINUL ISLAM , Hasan MD. Rakib , Chowdhury Maruf , Bhuiya Saad Mohammad , Zishan Md. Saniat Rahman 
Published: January 2023

Nowadays Air Conditioner (AC) has become a more important appliance in our life. Gas leakage, blockage in the evaporator and compressor coil, pipelines as well as dust in the air filters, are the major reasons behind AC explosion. Many people have been injured over the years due to AC blasts. In this paper a system is developed that uses sensor technology and smart devices to reduce AC blast. As a result, pipeline leaks or blockage fault detection system is planned and constructed using MQ-02, TTC 103, optical dust sensors for gas detection, temperature detection and for detecting dust density respectively. Also bacteria can be detected through MQ-3 gas sensor as it combines with AC refrigerant and produces ethanol. This system is also digitally connected to smart devices (cellphones) and a control device (RM MINI 3) so that user can receive a detection notification at any time and operate AC from any location. By implementing these sensors, the initial target was achieved. The work is low cost and environment friendly.

Index Terms— Explosions, blockage, leakage, RM MINI 3, cellphone, refrigeration cycle, sensor, safety
Opening the Black Box: A practitioner’s guide to Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in assessment (Part 2)
Authors: Abrahams Mark , Loe Bao Sheng (Aiden) , Riley Philippa 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageThe use of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) is beginning to impact the assessment of human characteristics across a number of domains, including talent assessment. In the first part of this guide, featured in the last issue of this publication, the authors explained what is and is not machine learning, and how it differs from psychometric approaches and Artificial Intelligence. This second part will guide assessment practitioners on the questions to ask and issues to consider when deciding whether to use ML-based assessment, as well as signposting some jargon used by data scientists.
How can a psychosocial rehabilitation programme change behavioural self-regulation of inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia within a forensic low secure unit?
Authors: Kishka Tatiana 
Published: January 2023

SummaryA psychosocial rehabilitation programme for inpatients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders had an impact on their coping mechanisms, psychological self-defences, decrease of hostility and change in the predictors of behaviour self-control, while also showing a trend towards improved behavioural self-regulation.
Pioneers and landmarks in intelligence testingChallenging the hierarchical model of intelligence
Authors: McCredie Hugh 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageSo far in this series we have tracked the view that factoring known measures of intelligence leads to a hierarchical model with general intelligence, g, transcending successively narrower abilities. However, most admit that the intellectual measures on which such factor analysis was based do not cover the full bandwidth of intelligent behaviour.The next two articles (articles 9 and 10 in the series) will look at authors who challenged this hierarchical model. The first, Robert Sternberg, extended the existing body of understanding in three different directions. The second, Howard Gardner, featured in the next article, offered an entirely non-hierarchical alternative model of intelligences.
Methodological Paper: Phenomenological research: The case of Empirical Phenomenological Analysis and the possibility of reverie
Authors: Gee Joanna , Loewenthal Del , Cayne Julia 
Published: January 2023

Content and FocusThis article will discuss phenomenology and phenomenological research methods, and through an exploration of the case of Empirical Phenomenological Analysis (EPA) will explore the possibility of a phenomenological approach to research through reverie. With regard to the relationship between phenomenology and ‘phenomenological research’, Husserlian phenomenology implies ‘research’, therefore, making the term ‘phenomenological research’ redundant and a misnomer. However, there exists an abundance of ‘phenomenological research methods’, which despite claiming to focus on the lived experienced of the participant, stand contrary to phenomenology in that they are broadly empirical, systematised and psychologise the notion of phenomenology. The case of EPA, which is a phenomenological research method, empirical in nature and mediated in line with ‘scientific practices’ will be discussed in depth. In turn, through the critical analysis of EPA, we see the need for an alternative approach to research, which is apposite with phenomenology’s philosophical aims. As a result, reverie, which includes abstract musings, ruminations and wonderings, will be discussed as an approach to research through phenomenology. It is argued that reverie, contrary to traditional ‘phenomenological research methods’, facilitates access to the participants’ concerns through an attendance to subjective and intersubjective experience in the research process, enabling the relational to emerge in and through research.
Becoming ‘another brick in the wall’: A thematic analysis of Central and Eastern European immigrants’ experience of psychological distress and help-seeking
Authors: Chtereva Elena , Ward Tony , Ramsey-Wade Christine 
Published: January 2023

Background and aimsA great number of Central and Eastern European immigrants have moved to the UK since 2004, and a better understanding of their help-seeking behaviour is needed. This study aimed to explore how the experience of immigration had impacted on the wellbeing of some Central and Eastern European immigrants, whether these immigrants had sought help for any psychological distress, and to explore the support needs of this particular population.MethodologyA qualitative design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four male and twelve female immigrants from Central and Eastern Europe living in the UK. Interview transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.FindingsFour overarching themes were identified in the analysis: immigration experience; views and meanings of mental health; help-seeking experience and addressing immigrants’ emotional needs. Participants in the study reported having good mental health and the ability to deal with distress, but highlighted that a lack of English proficiency, low job attainment and experiences of prejudice and discrimination negatively affected their psychological health.DiscussionThe results offered a thorough description and understanding of some immigrants’ experiences, the meanings attributed to these experiences, and their needs concerning psychological health. Some possible implications for working with this minority group are discussed from a social justice perspective, including the recommendation to apply contextual approaches such as relational cultural theory.
Presence and personality: A factoral exploration of the relationship between facets of dispositional mindfulness and personality
Authors: Mather Phillip , Ward Tony , Cheston Richard 
Published: January 2023

Background/Aims/Objectives:The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the discrete facets of personality and dispositional, or trait-like, mindfulness.Methodology/Methods:The study employed a factoral quantitative design and 229 participants completed two online measures, the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the NEO-PI-R Personality Questionnaire. The latter measured the ‘Big Five’ factors of personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness) and their 30 associated facets. Participant data was analysed via factor analysis utilising scores across all 35 variables, that is, the five dispositional mindfulness domains plus the 30 personality facets.Results/Findings:Analysis resulted in the emergence of a five-factor model. These five ‘new’ factors aligned closely with the ‘Big Five’ personality factors. Hence, dispositional mindfulness domains were statistically indistinct from established factors of personality. Notably, three out of the five FFMQ dispositional mindfulness domains (namely, Non-Judging of Inner Experience, Non-Reactivity to Inner Experience, and Acting with Awareness) loaded inversely on to the ‘Neuroticism’ factor. Additionally, two FFMQ domains (Acting with Awareness and Describing) loaded positively on to ‘Conscientiousness’, while one FFMQ domain (Observe) loaded positively on to ‘Openness’. These results align with previous studies conducted at factor level and deepen understanding of facet- level relationships.Discussion/Conclusions:Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention is now utilised extensively, often within the context of a broader counselling approach. The results of this study suggest that tailoring such clinical mindfulness interventions more to the client’s particular personality and needs may maximise benefit and negate the possibility of harmful consequences. For example, accentuating self-compassion, perhaps by setting the work in the context of a richer compassion-based approach, could be beneficial for a deeply self-critical client scoring highly on Neuroticism.
Helpful factors of therapy with families/carers of individuals affected by cancer
Authors: Lombard Áine 
Published: January 2023

Aim:The purpose of this study was to identify what family members and/or carers of individuals affected by cancer found helpful in therapy.Method:Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with six individuals who had completed psychological therapy within a charitable organisation for people affected by cancer. The data collected were thematically analysed.Results:Participants reported a range of helpful processes in therapy: talking and being open with someone outside of the family; building a trusting and safe relationship with a non-judgemental therapist who listened; normalisation of their experience as the therapist had specialised knowledge; being supported and strengthening their resources to cope with overwhelming and distressing feelings.Implications:These findings suggest that the unique perspectives of carers and/or family members can increase our understanding of the helpful processes of individual psychotherapy in cancer care settings and improve our delivery of services to this client population.
Punjabi Depression Inventory: A culturally sensitive measure for Punjabi-speaking migrants residing in the UK
Authors: Bhogal Ranjot 
Published: January 2023

Background/aims:There is a lack of empirical research investigating the impact of culture on depressive symptoms within Punjabi-speaking individuals who reside in the UK, but originally migrated here from India. This study aims to develop and validate a new cultural measure of depression known as the Punjabi Depression Inventory (PDI). Therefore, the PDI is intrinsically linked to the Punjabi culture and language. The PDI is used to detect depression in Punjabi-speaking individuals which may be triggered as a result of their cultural experiences.Method:In developing the new PDI measure, 191 participants were recruited to complete the questionnaire, which was analysed using Principle Components Analysis (PCA).Results:Four subscales emerged from this data reduction analysis: (i) deflated; (ii) somatic; (iii) religion; and (iv) crying. On the whole, the early developments of the PDI demonstrated good factor structure and internal consistency for each of the four subscales.Discussion:The PDI could possibly be used as an aid to provide training to help mental health professionals and to enhance their cultural knowledge of working with this class of individuals. Furthermore, the emerging PDI measure may introduce an interesting new scope for mental health professionals to broaden their methods of assessment, formulation and treatment plans. This includes the introduction of a new cultural assessment which can be utilised to identify, and specifically target, cultural depression experienced by such a cohort.
Challenges faced by mental health interpreters in East London: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Jidong Dung E. , Tribe Rachel , Gannon Kenneth N. 
Published: January 2023

Background/aims/objectives:The role of an interpreter is instrumental for people not fluent in the new language of their host community or country where they are living. This subject is an important one and not enough is known, especially about the challenges faced by mental health interpreters.Methodology/methods:The study examined how interpreters drew on direct translation, cultural meanings and non-verbal information while interpreting and how they convey these to both service users and providers. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was adopted to analyse three semi-structured interviews with female mental health interpreters that lasted approximately 60 minutes each. All participants were self-identified as fluent in at least two languages and had attended a minimum of six months training on mental health interpreting.Results/finding:The challenges of mental health interpreting were revealed in three overarching themes: (i) Sensitive nature of interpreting and challenges associated with ensuring accuracy. (ii) Multitasking to convey literal words, feelings and cultural meanings. (iii) Exposure to the risk of vicarious trauma and insufficient organisational support.Discussion/conclusion:The study concluded that mental health interpreters should have more access to training and development, organisational support, professional recognition and adequate acknowledgement of their essential role in service provision to people not fluent with the new language of their present community or country.
Counselling psychology and climate change: A survey of the DCoP membership
Authors: Milton Martin , Gimalova Maya , Simmons Beth 
Published: January 2023

Background:Climate change is a growing concern, a multi-dimensional, societal issue affecting our personal lives and the way we engage with clients. There is evidence that people are finding it a matter of anxiety and as such it is increasingly a focus in the therapeutic domain. In order to understand counselling psychology’s relationship to climate change, the Executive Committee of the British Psychological Society Division of Counselling Psychology (DCoP) initiated a working group on climate change in the latter part of 2019. This working group had several tasks including a statement about psychology and climate change, and the development of a reference library as a resource for those members who want to better understand the literature. The reference library is available atwww.bps.org.uk/sites/www.bps.org.uk/files/Member%20Networks/Divisions/DCoP/Climate%20Change%20-%20Useful%20Reading.pdf.Methodology/methods:This consultation asked a sample of British counselling psychologists about their experience of research, clinical work and other engagement with climate change. Themes were identified.Results/findings:The findings indicate some variation as to what counselling psychologists think and do in relation to climate change; most respondents accepted that counselling psychologists need to be aware of the issue and be able to respond helpfully to clients who bring this focus; some colleagues are already working with this material and many wanted training; some are researching this phenomenon and wanted assistance in funding and disseminating relevant work; and counselling psychologists thought that the Division/wider BPS might usefully make a mission statement, library of resources and offer training.
The music of therapy
Authors: Rowbottom Simon 
Published: January 2023

‘Pictures are forming inside my brain Soon with the colours they’ll rain together and grow Then don’t you know, don’t you know, there’ll be music.’From ‘Music’ by Carole King.To explore individual narratives of a therapist’s route to entering the profession, I undertook a self-critical analysis of personal experiences, emotional understandings, and meaning making of my life prior to becoming a counselling psychologist. Pathways to entering a psychotherapeutic profession are nuanced, and idiosyncratic, so rather than the ubiquitous ‘wounded healer’ narrative being the sole applicable metaphor for my life journey, I draw out another metaphor more pertinent to my particular experience: the music of therapy.