bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SCREEN TIME ON PHYSICAL, EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL FUNCTIONING OF CHILDREN DURING THE TIME OF LOCKDOWN
Authors: Aysha Rashid  , Syed Kumail Abdi  , Maahin Rizwan  , Momina Rasheed  
Published: March 2023

Background & Objective: Screen time has now become a most concerned issue around the world due its negative effects on children' health. COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) during March 2022 and lockdown was one of the strategy to control disease transmission. This study aims to investigate whether this lockdown caused an increase in screen time and what are its effects on physical, emotional, and behavioral functioning of children.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study including a sample of 260 mothers of children aged 5–13 years from Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad, during March to June 2021. A google survey form was developed and participants were invited using a google link on social media, parents' groups, Whats app groups and school facebook pages. Screen time was measured in number of screen hours per day. Physical health was evaluated through body mass index (BMI) reports. Children's Emotional Adjustment Scale (CEAS) and Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were used for behavioral and emotional problems. Coefficient of correlation and t-test was used for examining the difference of means.
Results: About 244 (94%) mothers reported that screen time of their children is significantly increased during COVID-19 lockdown. There was a negative relationship observed between screen time with temper and anxiety control (r= -0.13; p= 0.04). However, a positive relationship was found for hyperactivity (r= 0.74; p<0.001) and conduct problems (r= 0.18; p= 0.003). We found a gender difference for screen time (t= 4.39; p=0.001) and hyperactivity (t= 2.35; p= 0.02), where boys were more hyperactive than girls. No significant difference was obsereved for BMI and pro-social behavior.
Conclusion: Screen time among children is considerably increased during lockdown and this is associated with low temper control, anxiety, hyperactivity, and conduct problems. Remedial strategies are required at national level; media and school authorities can play a vital role in this regard.
NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO: A PREDICTOR OF COMPLICATIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: Mazhar Hussain  , Warda Irshad  , Nida Tasneem Akbar  , Muhammad Aamir Rafique  , Rahat Sharif  , Momal Zahra  
Published: March 2023

Background: Chronic inflammation plays a potential role in development of diabetes related complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the potential markers of systemic inflammation. The objective of this study was to examine an association between NLR and T2DM associated complications.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Medical College & affiliated hospital in Rahim Yar Khan from June - September 2022. About 360 patients were divided in to three groups. Group A were comprised of T2DM patients without diabetic complications while group B and C were T2DM patients with micro- and macro-vascular complications respectively. Micro- and macrovascular complications were assessed by history, physical examination and medical records. Association of diabetes related compilations with NLR value was done using regression analysis with SPSS version 25.
Results: The baseline demographic characteristics of three study groups did not show statistically significant difference. However TLC count is significantly elevated in group B (with microvascular complications) and group C T2DM with macrovascular complications (P<0.001) respectively compared to control group A. Similarly NLR ratio was significantly higher (4.8±2.0 & 5.0±1.8) in group B and group C respectively, compared to group A (2.2±0.8 with P<0.001). Regression analysis showed that NLR was positively correlated with diabetes related micro and macrovascular complications (OR: 4.62, 95% CI: 2.51-7.26, p<0.001) along with HbA1c (OR: 1.732, 95% CI: 1.82-2.22, P=0.002).
Conclusion: High NLR ratio is associated with diabetes related micro and macro vascular complications. It should be routinely measured in T2DM patients for prevention of diabetes related complications.
A COMPARISON OF EIDETIC IMAGE THERAPY WITH COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY FOR TREATING DEPRESSIVE AND ANXIETY DISORDERS IN ADULTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Syed Kumail Abdi  , Akhtar Ali Syed  , Ammara Butt  , Sumaya Batool  
Published: March 2023

Background & Objectives: Depression and anxiety are common mental health disorders around the world. This study aims to examine efficacy of eidetic image therapy in comparison to cognitive behavior therapy for treating depressive and anxiety disorders, and to compare the patients' dropout ratio in these therapies.
Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted from January through June 2021 in psychiatry department of Sir Ganga Ram hospital Lahore. Using DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, 60 adult patients with depressive and anxiety disorders were recruited and were randomly and equally assigned to experimental (eidetic image therapy) and control (cognitive behavior therapy) groups. These participants received respective therapies and followed. Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used at baseline and after conducting five therapy sessions. Paired t-test was used to compare the mean difference and p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Descriptive analysis demonstrated a major difference in dropout numbers of eidetic image therapy (9; 30 %) and cognitive behavior therapy (25; 83 %). The efficacy of both interventions was statistically incomparable due to this excessive number of dropouts in control group. However, eidetic image therapy showed a significant difference (p<0.001) in pre and post therapy ratings; each patient exhibited a marked decline in depression/anxiety symptoms after taking 5 sessions.
Conclusion: Eidetic imagery is a promising therapeutic utility for depressive and anxiety disorders. Cognitive behavior therapy is also an effective treatment methodology but this narrative is based on analysis of few cases.
C- REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS AMONG COVID-19 POSITIVE CASES PRESENTING IN GULAB DEVI HOSPITAL LAHORE: A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Faiza Javaid  , Zahra Nazir Hussain  , Sana Haseeb Khan  , Fatima Saeed  
Published: March 2023

Background & Objectives: Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly infectious virus associated with the development of COVID 19. Lack of valid biomarkers makes it difficult to predict disease severity. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase inflammatory marker that which may predict COVID-19 infection and its severity. The aim of this study was to describe the CRP levels in COVID- 19 positive cases presenting in Gulab Devi hospital Lahore.
Methods: In this cross sectional study conducted in Gulab Devi Hospital Lahore for six month, 100 COVID- 19 positive cases were selected using convenient sampling technique. About 3 ml of venous blood was drawn for qualitative and semi-quantitative titration analyses to determine CRP concentration in blood. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS version-26 to describe the levels of CRP in relation to clinical features and disease severity.
Results: CRP levels were elevated above normal range in 93% COVID-19 positive cases. Patients with severe infection had high levels of CRP (>6mg/L, range: 12-96 mg/L), mildly infected patients had moderate values of CRP and recovering patients of COVID-19 showed lowest value of CRP (<3mg/L ).
Conclusion: The serum CRP level was substantially higher in COVID-19 positive cases in this study. CRP is an inexpensive, rapid test available to physicians for early detection of COVID-19 severity. Determining CRP levels can also help physicians to identify patients at higher risk of mortality and complications.
COMPARATIVE TRIAL OF PERIUMBILICAL INCISION VERSUS INTRAUMBILICAL INCISION IN EMERGENCY LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY IN A HIGH VOLUME LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY CENTRE
Authors: Yousaf Aakif , Amjad Hafiz Muhammad , Ulfat Ayesha , Munawar Amna , Chishti Mahboob Alam , Mehmood Abeera 
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective: An appendectomy is the surgical removal of the vermiform appendix. Laparoscopic Appendectomy is increasingly performed these days. Direct studies on comparison of complication rates of periumbilical and intraumbilical incision are lacking. The objective was to compare the frequency of infective complications of two different types of laparoscopic appendectomy incisions i.e. periumbilical incision versus intraumbilical.
Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Department of Surgery, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Ireland for 6 months (From 27.05.2015 to 26.11.2015). Medical records of 1044 patients who had Laparoscopic Appendectomy from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed. Their Preoperative, Intraoperative, Postoperative and clinical notes were reviewed. This included patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy with periumbilical incision technique and those who were operated with intraumbilical incision technique. All the data was analyzed using computer software SPSS version 21.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.38±11.76 years. Ratio of Male to female was 1.6:1. The erythema was observed in 31.42% patients, edema was present in 242(23.2%), pain was present in 278(26.6%) and the purulent discharge was noted in 294(28.2%) patients. Overall wound infection was found in 16.86% patients. In intra umbilical group wound infection was found in 7.28% of patients while this rate was 26.44% in peri umbilical group. Statistically significant difference was found between the study groups i.e. p-value=0.000.
Conclusion: Intraumbilical incision is a safer and feasible substititute for the periumbilical incision, and it promises better outcomes.
Perencanaan Desain Bangunan Masjid As-Sholihin Desa Tumada Kecamatan Kapontori Kabupaten Buton
Authors: Asrasal Aswad , Abdu Muhammad , Musrifin  , Rumbayan Hendra Kundrad Susanto , Hafsyah Intan Ahlul 
Published: March 2023

Masjid merupakan tempat suci bagi umat islam yang digunakan sebagai tempat peribadatan kepada Allah Subhanahu wa ta’ala. Seiring dengan bertambahnya jumah penduduk, kebutuhan untuk tempat ibadah yang aman, nyaman dan indah merupakan hal yang penting bagi penduduk di daerah tersebut khususnya yang beragama islam. Program pengabdian masyarakat khususnya pada bidang teknik sipil merupakan bentuk inplementasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi langsung kepada masyarakat dalam upaya mempercepat dan meningkatkan kualitas pembangunan yang ada di daerah. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut, digunakan konsep desain yang baik dan metode pendampingan layanan jasa konsultasi desain pada pemerintah desa dan masyarakat agar tujuan program ini bisa tepat guna sesuai yang direncanakan. Hasil akhir yang didapatkan adalah adanya Detail Engineering Design (DED) dan Rencana Angaran Biaya (RAB) yang siap digunakan pada pembangunan Masjid As sholihin Desa Tumada Kecamatan Kapontori Kabupaten Buton.
Structural Planning Assistance for The Rehap of Jabal Nur Mosque, Takimpo Village
Authors: Abdu Muhammad , Asrasal Aswad , Suherman La Ode Achmad , Sakinah  
Published: March 2023

The purpose of community service is to assist the people of Takimpo Village in planning the structure of mosque buildings, so that the village government and mosque committees get an idea of the needs of the main structure in the mosque that is safe both from the condition of plates, beams, or columns. Meanwhile, in determining the structure, it cannot be determined by just any other than a civil engineer who must calculate the needs of both the quality, the dimensions of the repeating roof. To achieve this, the concept of design, structural planning is carried out by a team that carries out service so that the final results obtained are the calculation of the structure and work drawings of the structure of the jabal nur mosque in Takimpo Village, Pasarwajo District, Buton Regency
Keywords: civil engineering, structure, work drawings, mosque, takimpo
Konfigurasi Aplikasi Raport Digital Kementerian Agama di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Baubau
Authors: Darmawan Darmawan , Suherman La Ode Achmad , Rifaldi Rifaldi 
Published: March 2023

Kementerian Agama mewajibkan setiap Madrasah menerapkan Raport Digital Madrasah sebagai pengolahan raport yang dapat diakses dari luar sekolah dengan Aplikasi RDM, diharapkan setiap guru dapat mengimputasi nilai dengan memanfaatkan jaringan Komputer yaitu internet. Aplikasi RDM dapat mendukung program Madrasah Digital di Kementerian Agama, guna memberikan pelayanan yang cepat, tepat dan akurat kepada seluruh warga madrasah khususnya di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Baubau. Namun demikian dalam implementasinya, aplikasi RDM yang diluncurkan belum sepenuhnya dapat langsung digunakan oleh pihak madrasah (mitra). Mempertimbangkan keterbatasan pengetahuan mitra dalam penggunaan aplikasi RDM, maka pengabdian ini dilakukan sehingga mitra dapat menggunakan aplikasi ini secara optimal. Aplikasi rapot digital Madrasah di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Baubau menggunakan private server menggunakan jaringan indihome dengan IP Publik yang disediakan oleh jasa telekomunikasi.
Land Planning and Site Plane Creation, Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Buton
Authors: Sayfullah. S Muh. , Efendi Ahmad , Agusman  
Published: March 2023

Measurement of land development at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Buton is carried out to determine the condition of the land that will be used as a reference for developing, structuring land and planning from the University. Measurement method using the Theodolite tool. With the division of benchmark points (BM) in accordance with the conditions in the development land of the Faculty of Engineering. The measurement results can be used as a reference to carry out development planning appropriately. Processing is carried out in several stages, starting from literature studies, field surveys, data collection, measurement, data processing, to results and conclusions. The measurement process is carried out in several stages ranging from the manufacture and installation of benchmark (BM) benchmarks, BM point determination, site up Theodolite tools and detailed measurements. The results of this service activity are in the form of a development site plane plan image, elevation plan, and 3D view image. The measurement images can be used as a reference in carrying out future development of the land development of the Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Buton.
Fidelismo y contrarrevolución: la ciudad de Arequipa frente a la revolución del Cuzco (1814-1815).
Authors: Suyo Ñaupa Helbert J. 
Published: March 2023

The initial Spanish-american response to the crisis of the Spanish monarchy was one of loyalty to the king. It was also the beginning of an unknown number of uprisings, seditions, and conspiracies. Therefore, Peruvian historiography has highlighted the counterrevolutionary policy of Viceroy José Fernando de Abascal (1743-1821), a royal official who managed to consolidate the Peruvian viceroyalty as a realistic stronghold. However, the revolution in Cuzco, which began in August 1814, was a severe blow to the Peruvian fidelista authorities. Arequipa, a Peruvian city considered a royalist bastion, tried to resist the revolutionary attacks in Cuzco and, despite resisting, was militarily occupied by the revolutionary hosts of Cuzco for about a month. Therefore, the objective of this article is to describe the actions of the civil and military authorities during the monarchical restoration in the city from December 1814 to the first months of 1815.
La respuesta inicial hispanoamericana frente a la crisis de la monarquía española fue de fidelidad al rey; asimismo, fue el inicio de un número indeterminado de levantamientos, sediciones y conspiraciones. En ese sentido, la historiografía peruana ha destacado la política contrarrevolucionaria del virrey José Fernando de Abascal (1743-1821), un funcionario real que logró consolidar al virreinato peruano como un bastión realista. Sin embargo, la revolución del Cuzco, que se inició en agosto de 1814, significó un duro golpe para las autoridades fidelistas peruanas. Arequipa, una ciudad peruana considerada como un bastión realista, intentó resistir los embates revolucionarios cuzqueños y, a pesar de presentar resistencia, fue ocupada militarmente por las huestes revolucionarias cusqueñas alrededor de un mes. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir la actuación de las autoridades civiles y militares durante la restauración monárquica en la mencionada ciudad desde diciembre de 1814 hasta los primeros meses de 1815.
Conservative versus Surgical Management of Fifth Metatarsal Diaphyseal Fractures: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Jones Marc D. , Omana-Daniels Rebecca V. , Sweet Kerry J. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Historically, distal fifth metatarsal diaphyseal fractures have been treated with conservative management, with only limited research evaluating surgical treatment of these fractures. This study was performed to compare surgical versus conservative treatment of distal fifth metatarsal diaphyseal fractures in athletes and nonathletes.
Methods: A retrospective review of 53 patients with surgical or conservative treatment of isolated fifth metatarsal diaphyseal fractures was performed. Data recorded included age, sex, tobacco use, diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, time to clinical union, time to radiographic union, athletic versus nonathletic status, time to return to full activity, surgical fixation method, and complications.
Results: Patients treated surgically had a mean clinical union time of 8.2 weeks, radiographic union time of 13.5 weeks, and return to activity time of 12.9 weeks. Patients treated conservatively had a mean clinical union time of 16.3 weeks, radiographic union time of 25.2 weeks, and return to activity time of 20.7 weeks. Delayed unions and nonunions occurred in 27.0% of patients (10 of 37) treated conservatively and in none in the surgical group.
Conclusions: Surgical treatment significantly decreased time to radiographic union, clinical union, and return to activity by an average of 8 weeks compared with conservative treatment. We suggest that surgical treatment of distal fifth metatarsal fractures is a viable option that may significantly decrease the patient’s time to clinical union, radiographic union, and return to activity.
Synthetic Hybrid-Scale Fiber Matrix for the Treatment of Complex Lower-Extremity Wounds
Authors: Husain Khalid , Malik Ali , Kirchens Jennifer 
Published: March 2023

Background: Chronic, nonhealing wounds are a growing health-care problem in the United States, affecting more than 6.5 million patients annually and costing the health-care system over $25 billion. Chronic wounds, including diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and venous leg ulcers (VLUs), are often difficult to treat, and patients commonly fail to heal even with the most advanced therapies. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and utility of the synthetic hybrid-scale fiber matrix in the treatment of complex chronic nonhealing lower-extremity ulcers refractory to advanced therapies.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 20 patients with a total of 23 wounds (DFUs, n = 18; VLUs, n = 5) who underwent treatment using the synthetic hybrid-scale fiber matrix was conducted. The majority of ulcers (78%) included in this study were refractory to one or multiple previous advanced wound therapies and therefore considered difficult-to-heal ulcers with high failure risk for future therapies.
Results: Subjects had a mean wound age of 16 months and presented with 132 secondary comorbidities and 65 failed interventions and therapies. Treatment of VLUs with the synthetic matrix resulted in complete closure of 100% of the wounds over 244 ± 153 days with an average of 10.8 ± 5.5 applications. Treatment of DFUs with the synthetic matrix resulted in complete closure of 94% of the wounds over 122 ± 69 days with 6.7 ± 3.9 applications.
Conclusions: Treatment with the synthetic hybrid-scale fiber matrix resulted in the closure of 96% of complex chronic ulcers refractory to existing therapies. The inclusion of the synthetic hybrid-scale fiber matrix in wound care programs provides a critical and needed solution for costly, long-standing refractory wounds.
Natural durability of timber species exposed to xylophagous fungi in southern Durango, Mexico
Authors: Ontiveros-Moreno Yolanda , Colín-Urieta Serafín , Corral-Rivas José Javier , Hernández-Díaz José Ciro , Prieto-Ruíz José Ángel , Carrillo-Parra Artemio 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Wood is a natural resource used for construction and the manufacture of many products. This material is exposed to damage due to biotic and abiotic factors. An important biotic factor is wood-degrading fungi that generate large economic losses. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of xylophagous fungi (Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor) on the natural durability of six timber species in southern Durango, Mexico, and to establish differences between fungal effects on each tree species.

Materials and Methods
Samples of Pinus durangensis, P. cooperi, P. strobiformis, Juniperus deppeana, Quercus sideroxyla, and Alnus acuminata were exposed to fungi for 4 months under laboratory conditions according to European Standard EN350-1. Samples of Fagus sylvatica were used as control. Durability was determined as the percentage of wood mass loss for each species. Welch ANOVA tests were performed to establish differences among tree species. Welch t-tests were used to prove loss mass differences between fungi for each tree species.

Results
The most resistant species to C. puteana were P. durangensis, J. deppeana, P. cooperi and P. strobiformis, showing mean mass losses lower than 8.08%. The most resistant species to T. versicolor were J. deppeana, P. strobiformis and P. durangensis (mean mass losses lower than 7.39%). Pinus strobiformis and Q. sideroxyla were more susceptible to C. puteana effect; in contrast, P. durangensis and P. cooperi showed more damage due to T. versicolor degradation.

Conclusions
Woods of P. durangensis, P. cooperi, P. strobiformis and Juniperus deppeana are well adapted to infection by these xylophagous fungi and are therefore highly recommended for commercial use in southern Durango, Mexico.