bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of immediate prevalence of cervical squamous cell precancers and cancers with HPV genotype and age in women with LSIL cytology: A retrospective analysis of 1617 cases
Authors: Chen Liqing , Zhu Kaibo , Chen Hao , Liu Qin , Zhang Xiaofei , Zhou Xin , Zhang Jun , Niu Shuang , Zhou Feng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the immediate risk of cervical squamous cell precancers and cancers in women with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) cytology according to different high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) results and age stratification.MethodsThe study included 1617 women with LSIL cytology and underwent simultaneous Aptima HPV genotyping (E6/E7 mRNA test) followed by cervical biopsy.ResultsAmong 1317 hrHPV positive cases, other 11 types of hrHPV were the most frequent (68.8%), followed by HPV16 (11.1%), HPV18/45 (4.1%), and HPV16/HPV18/45 (0.5%). Compared to other groups, HPV18/45 positive group and other 11 types of hrHPV group showed significantly higher prevalence of intraepithelial neoplasia grade (CIN)1 (p < .0001), while HPV16 positive and HPV16/HPV18/45 dual positive groups showed significantly higher prevalence of CIN2/3 (p < .0001). In addition, hrHPV positive, 25–39 years‐old age group showed a significantly higher prevalence of CIN1 (p = .032) than the other age groups. Furthermore, CIN1 prevalence was significantly higher in patients under 40 or 50 years of age than in those over 40 or 50 years of age (p = .005 and p = .011, respectively). However, there was no significant difference among the different age groups in CIN2/3 prevalence in women with LSIL cytology.ConclusionIn southern Chinese women population, LSIL cytology carries very low immediate risk of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) (CIN2/3) in general. However, HPV16 positive and HPV16/HPV18/45 dual positive indicated a higher immediate risk of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) (CIN2/3). Age is not an immediate risk factor in this patient population for high‐grade squamous lesions or SCC. These results are similar to data from cytology laboratories in the United States and other international settings, therefore strongly support the usage of ASCCP guidelines in this patient population.
MAIT cells in immune‐mediated tissue injury and repair
Authors: Waterhölter Alex , Wunderlich Malte , Turner Jan‐Eric 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are T cells that express a semi‐invariant αβ T‐cell receptor (TCR), recognizing non‐peptide antigens, such as microbial‐derived vitamin B2 metabolites, presented by the nonpolymorphic MHC class I related‐1 molecule. Like NKT cells and γδT cells, MAIT cells belong to the group of innate‐like T cells that combine properties of the innate and adaptive immune systems. They account for up to 10% of the blood T‐cell population in humans and are particularly abundant at mucosal sites. Beyond the emerging role of MAIT cells in antibacterial and antiviral defenses, increasing evidence suggests additional functions in noninfectious settings, including immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases and tissue repair. Here, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of MAIT cell functions in sterile tissue inflammation, with a particular focus on autoimmunity, chronic inflammatory diseases, and tissue repair.
Sensitive and selective determination of the neonicotinoid nitenpyram utilizing capillary electrophoresis hyphenated to amperometric detection/mass spectrometry
Authors: Koall. M. , Böhm D. , Herl T. , Matysik F.‐M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, we present the sensitive and selective determination of the widely used insecticide nitenpyram (NIT), utilizing a newly developed dual detection concept (DDC) for capillary electrophoresis (CE). This DDC was realized by combining two complementary detection principles, namely amperometric detection (AD) and mass spectrometry (MS), using a commercially available flow splitter (CE‐AD/MS). The novel DDC was implemented utilizing a newly developed, modular, and user‐friendly CE system with a unique capillary positioning mechanism to improve the workflow. A detailed description of the CE device can be found in the Supporting Information.We investigated the analytical performance of the novel DDC (CE‐AD/MS) in the context of NIT determination.The NIT LOD, obtained by AD, was up to a factor of 14 lower than in case of MS in the context of CE‐AD/MS. The qualitative and quantitative determination of NIT in pharmaceutical samples is presented as a possible application for the novel DDC. Additionally, the oxidation process during AD was examined by hyphenation of electrochemistry to CE‐MS.
Venetoclax in biomarker‐selected multiple myeloma patients: Impact of exposure on clinical efficacy and safety
Authors: Badawi Mohamed , Coppola Sheryl , Eckert Doerthe , Gopalakrishnan Sathej , Engelhardt Benjamin , Doelger Eva , Huang Weize , Dobkowska Edyta , Kumar Shaji , Menon Rajeev M. , Salem Ahmed Hamed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVenetoclax, a potent BCL‐2 inhibitor, is currently under development for treatment of t(11;14) Multiple myeloma (MM). The objective of this research was to investigate the exposure–response relationships of venetoclax for a phase 1/2 study evaluating venetoclax monotherapy or in combination with dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory MM. A total of 117 patients receiving venetoclax at 300, 600, 800, 900, or 1200 mg were included in the analysis. The impact of venetoclax exposures on efficacy (objective response rate [ORR], progression‐free survival [PFS] and overall survival [OS]) as well as safety (treatment‐emergent adverse effects (grade ≥3) of neutropenia, infection, and any grade of serious treatment‐emergent adverse effects) was evaluated. In the t(11;14)‐positive subpopulation, venetoclax exposure relationships to PFS and OS indicated a trend of longer PFS and OS with higher exposures. Moreover, logistic regression analyses for clinical response (ORR and ≥VGPR rate) demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.05) relationship with exposure. Evaluation of the exposure‐safety relationships demonstrated a lack of a relationship between venetoclax exposures (AUCavg) and grade ≥3 infections, grade ≥3 neutropenia, grade ≥3 treatment‐emergent adverse events or any grade serious treatment‐emergent adverse events. These findings support further study of venetoclax at 800 mg QD dose in combination with dexamethasone in the t(11;14)‐positive patient population where increased efficacy was observed without an increase in safety events.Clinical Trial: NCT01794520 registered 20 February 2013.
Exploring the nexus between Islamic financial institutions Shariah compliance disclosure and corporate governance: New insights from a cross‐country analysis
Authors: Abdulrahman Zunaiba , Ebrahimi Tahera , Al‐Najjar Basil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe address the scarcity of empirical research on Shariah Compliance Disclosure (hereafter referred to as SCD) by presenting new evidence on the levels and range of SCD, of 807 bank‐year observation of Islamic Financial Institutions (hereafter referred to as IFIs) in 19 countries for the period from 2010 to 2020 and its determinants. Using an unweighted disclosure index measured by manual content analysis categorized into Shariah Supervisory Board (hereafter referred to as SSB) information, audit process, Shariah compliance review and Zakat, several outcomes are documented. In general, the SCD level is above average (57.38%) and hence evidence an overall growth during the sample period. Further, the study examines the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and SCD and the results indicate that foreign investors, institutional investors, board size, board independence, SSB reputation and SSB size are vital and influence the extent of SCD level. The study also conducted several tests to examine the main findings' robustness. The findings deliver valuable in‐depth empirical insights to regulatory bodies on the current SCD practises of IFIs to assist policymakers in modifying reporting frameworks or guidelines accordingly. In addition, this research can support academics, policymakers or standard setters and managers interested in seeking information about SCD and CG.
Transplacental passage of nirmatrelvir in pregnant women with COVID‐19
Authors: Chuang Ming‐Ta , Su Mei‐Tsz , Chou Chen‐Hsi , Liang Yu‐Ling , Tsai Hsing‐Fen , Yu Pei‐Hsiu , Wu Meng‐Hsing , Ko Wen‐Chien , Tsai Pei‐Yin 
Published: September 2023

SynopsisThe transplacental passage of nirmatrelvir in pregnant women with COVID‐19 is limited and reinforces the safety of using Paxlovid in pregnancy.
Evaluation of Lead‐In Direct Oral Anticoagulant Prescribing Practices in Newly Diagnosed Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Cho Sarah S. , Yin Ellen , Dalton Kelci 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVarious lead‐in dosing strategies have been used in clinical practice for venous thromboembolism (VTE), and guidelines do not currently address if the full lead‐in dosing duration is necessary after receiving parenteral anticoagulation. This study aims to identify whether full lead‐in dosing duration surrounding parenteral anticoagulation affects thrombotic and bleeding outcomes. A single‐center, retrospective cohort study was conducted of hospitalized patients diagnosed with VTE and treated with apixaban or rivaroxaban. Patients were grouped depending on duration of lead‐in dosing, with the full lead‐in dosing group considered as the appropriate duration of the direct oral anticoagulant. The primary outcome was the recurrence of VTE within the index admission to 6 months. Secondary outcomes included major bleeding, clinically relevant minor bleeding, and mortality. Ninety‐three patients were prescribed full lead‐in dosing, while 99 patients received reduced lead‐in dosing. The primary outcome of recurrent VTE was similar between the reduced lead‐in group compared to the full lead‐in group (3% vs 2%; P = 1.0). Major bleeding within the index admission was significantly higher in the reduced lead‐in group: 11 versus 2 (P = .02). There were no significant differences in other secondary outcomes. Full lead‐in dosing compared to reduced lead‐in dosing duration for VTE had similar rates of thrombotic and mortality events. The higher rate of major bleeding in the reduced lead‐in dosing group likely reflects the prescribing practices in less stable patients. This study provides evidence to support reduced lead‐in dosing duration in high‐risk patients without compromising efficacy outcomes.
The GC Immersive: Patching the pipeline with genetic counseling experiences for all
Authors: McGruder Carla , Erwin Deanna J. , Glanton Emily , Johnson Shontiara , Whynot Sydney 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGenetic counseling graduate programs largely recommend that prospective applicants shadow or gain exposure to genetic counselors (GC) as a means of developing insight into the profession. However, prospective students have cited this need to shadow genetic counselors as harder to access in comparison to other prerequisites. The GC Immersive (GCI) at Color was created as a no‐cost, remote, self‐paced professional exploration program designed to provide resources and live interaction with a team of genetic counselors to increase accessibility to GC exposure and enhance the competitiveness of underrepresented GC candidates. The program design and curriculum were developed by a team of certified genetic counselors and a GC student in 2021 and is marketed to those who have one or more identities underrepresented in the GC field. In total, 287 individuals enrolled in the program in the first and second cycles, with 115 providing demographic information. The majority of enrollees identified as an underrepresented minority in GC in one or more identities, with individuals who are ethnic and/or racial minority (70%), first‐generation college student (44%), lesbian, gay, transgender, queer, intersex, and/or asexual (LGBTQIA+) (27%), and disabled community (16%) reported as the most common identities. Most participants had never shadowed a GC (55%) prior to this course. Twenty‐two percent of enrollees resided outside of the United States, representing 15 different countries. Of the 287 enrolled participants, 21 (7%) have completed the program, with the remaining participants having between 5 and 11 months to complete. All individuals who completed the program reported they felt better prepared to apply for a GC program. The general structure of this program can be replicated by any institution, as the program consists primarily of recorded content. Ongoing effort by genetic counselors is minimal and has the ability to provide GC experience to prospective applicants at great scale.
Genetic counseling graduate program faculty perspectives on sharing education materials among programs
Authors: Murphy E. Emma , Ordal Leslie , Niendorf Kristin , Ketelsen Kirk , Eichmeyer Jennifer N. , Mills Rachel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRapid advancements in genetics care requires responsive genetic counseling (GC) training capable of integrating new discoveries and practice into their curricula. The utilization of shared or standardized educational resources may address this need. Recognizing the potential of shared resources, the Pharmacogenetics (PGx) Working Group of the NSGC Precision Medicine Special Interest Group (SIG) launched a standardized education module using a flipped‐classroom format to provide all GC programs equal access to PGx expertise and alleviate the burden of curriculum development. Following the initial success of the program, we aimed to explore the utilization of shared and standardized education resources more broadly, and better understand the perspectives of GC program faculty regarding their use. Twenty‐nine program faculty representing at least 14 programs responded to an online survey. The majority (n = 21) reported sharing educational materials with another GC program, and 90% of those reported the shared materials to be beneficial as they promote collaboration, efficiency, address a gap in content, and provide access to experts. Similar benefits were described when using a standardized curriculum, which was defined as standardized lectures and activities created about a particular topic and made available to all genetic counseling programs; 16 participants indicated they would be very likely or likely to use a standardized curriculum. A secondary aim of the survey was to assess the existing PGx module that utilizes a flipped‐classroom format. Overall, the PGx module was well received, indicating that a standardized shared module is well‐suited for instruction on emerging and specialty topics. All participants believed the flipped‐classroom format to be very or somewhat beneficial. In summary, results indicate that shared educational materials, including standardized education modules, are a potential solution to challenges related to efficiency and access to content experts in GC education, and program leadership is receptive to using them.
Effect of processing (cutter versus continuous emulsifier) and sodium reduction on the physicochemical properties of bologna sausages
Authors: do Nacimento Renata , Vidal Vitor Andre Silva , de Souza Paglarini Camila , Munekata Paulo E.S. , Lorenzo José M. , Barros Julliane Carvalho , Cristianini Marcelo , Pollonio Marise Aparecida Rodrigues 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDOvercoming the impact of sodium reduction in the properties of emulsified sausages is a current challenge in the production of healthier meat products. Because the emulsifying process play a key role in the stability of sausages, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of two mechanical emulsifying systems (cutter versus continuous emulsifier) and two levels of sodium chloride (2.50 and 1.25%) on the physicochemical characteristics of bologna sausages.RESULTSA reduction of sodium increased the L* value and reduced the a* value, and also decreased the protein extraction yield in sausages produced in the cutter system. Moreover, the emulsion stability of reduced sodium batter was increased by cutter emulsification (F50C). On the other hand, the continuous emulsifier process did not decrease the extraction of myofibrillar proteins in F50E (sodium reduced treatment), resulting in minimal impact on emulsion stability and an increase in hardness in reduced‐sodium sausages.CONCLUSIONTherefore, to produce low‐sodium sausages, the continuous emulsifier was more effective producing batters with increased extracted myofibrillar proteins, improving the structure and functionality of myofibrillar proteins compared to the cutter process. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Otolaryngologic Patients Using Caprini Assessment
Authors: Edwards Michael A. , Brennan Emily , Rutt Amy L. , Muraleedharan Divya , Casler John D. , Spaulding Aaron , Colibaseanu Dorin 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThe aim was to determine the utilization of Caprini guideline‐indicated venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and impact on VTE and bleeding outcomes in otolaryngology (ORL) surgery patients.MethodsElective ORL surgeries performed between 2016 and 2021 were retrospectively identified. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between patient characteristics and receiving appropriate prophylaxis, inpatient, 30‐ and 90‐day VTE and bleeding events.ResultsA total of 4955 elective ORL surgeries were analyzed. Thirty percent of the inpatient cohort and 2% of the discharged cohort received appropriate risk‐stratified VTE prophylaxis. In those who did not receive appropriate prophylaxis, overall inpatient VTE was 3.5‐fold higher (0.73% vs. 0.20%, p = 0.015), and all PE occurred in this cohort (0.47% vs. 0.00%, p = 0.005). All 30‐ and 90‐day discharged VTE events occurred in those not receiving appropriate prophylaxis. Inpatient, 30‐ and 90‐day discharged bleeding rates were 2.10%, 0.13%, and 0.33%, respectively. Although inpatient bleeding was significantly higher in those receiving appropriate prophylaxis, all 30‐ and 90‐day post‐discharge bleeding events occurred in patients not receiving appropriate prophylaxis. On regression analysis, Caprini score was significantly positively associated with likelihood of receiving appropriate inpatient prophylaxis (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.07) but was negatively associated in the discharge cohort (OR 0.43, CI 0.36–0.51). Receipt of appropriate prophylaxis was associated with reduced odds of inpatient VTE (OR 0.24, CI 0.06–0.69), but not with risk of bleeding.ConclusionAlthough Caprini VTE risk‐stratified prophylaxis has a positive impact in reducing inpatient and post‐discharge VTE, it must be balanced against the risk of inpatient postoperative bleeding.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:1169–1182, 2024
Effects of Surface‐Immobilization on Photobleaching of Xanthene Dye Photocatalysts
Authors: Freeburne Sarah , Sacco Jessica L. , Gomez Esther W. , Pester Christian W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile organic photocatalysts provide increasingly versatile chemical pathways under mild conditions, their long‐term stability remains understudied. Here, the photobleaching behavior of xanthene dye photocatalysts is investigated. Rose Bengal, Eosin Y, and fluorescein are studied when in solution, when grafted to glass beads, and when incorporated into polymer brushes that are tethered to glass beads. This provides a comparison between xanthene's stability as a homogeneous and as a heterogeneous photocatalyst. Photobleaching is investigated using UV–vis, diffuse reflectance UV–vis (DR UV–vis), and fluorescence microscopy. Xanthene dyes as homogeneous photocatalysts exhibit the highest photostability, while the grafted systems appeared to fade more rapidly. Notably, heterogenization appears to have different effects based on the photocatalyst system, and further altering the photocatalyst environment with reagents may improve stability.
Polyaniline Films Fabricated by Pre‐Nucleation Electrodeposition Method with High Electrochemical Activity: Parameter Optimization and Analysis
Authors: Wang Tianxu , Wang Lei , Chen Yuanze , Zhu Lijie , Yang Mingqing , Zhang Shiyu , Niu Chunhui , Lv Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrochromic polyaniline (PANI) films with high electrochemical performance have been intensively pursued for their potential applications in various fields. Here, the growth process of the PANI films synthesized by the pre‐nucleation electrodeposition method is analyzed and the optimal parameters with highest electrochemical activity are obtained. The PANI film fabricated under high current density of 10 mA cm−2 and impact time of 0.2 s shows the best electrochemical performance. It has a maximum active charge of 22.3 mC cm−2. The optimum electrochemical performance is attributed to the loose and porous structure. The PANI films fabricated under the optimal parameters also show the flattest structure and the smooth surface. It concludes a universal evaluation basis of the optimal conditions for the pre‐nucleation method. That is, in the nucleation stage, the potential curve shall peak rapidly and then fall slowly to the valley without any upward growth; when entering into the low current density growth stage, the potential shall fall rapidly to a certain value and grow at that potential smoothly. This work evokes a deeper understanding and controlling of the growth process of polymers.
Clinical application of targeted long read sequencing in prenatal beta‐thalassemia testing and genetic counseling
Authors: Chin Hui‐Lin , Benton Miles C. , Yang Lin , Poon Kok Siong , Tan Karen M. L. , Jamuar Saumya S. , Foo Roger , Law Hai Yang , Goh Denise Li‐Meng , Chong Samuel S. , de Sessions Paola Florez 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBeta thalassemia, related to HBB mutation and associated with elevated hemoglobin A2 (HbA2), is an important genetic hemoglobinopathy with high incidences of disease and carrier rates in Singapore. Carrier screening is essential to facilitate prenatal counseling and testing. However, when individuals with elevated HbA2 do not have an identifiable HBB disease‐associated variant, there is ambiguity on risk to their offspring.MethodsWe describe a case report of a proband with elevated HbA2, no identifiable HBB disease‐associated variant, whose partner was a beta thalassemia carrier. Through clinical HBB gene sequencing, multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis, as well as targeted Nanopore long read sequencing of selected genes, we performed a complete analysis of HBB including the promoter region, 5′UTR and coding gene sequence, as well as evaluation for potential modifier variants and other rare structural variants.ResultsThis process identified that the proband was heterozygous for KLF1:c.544T>C (p.Phe182Leu), a potential functional polymorphism previously known to be associated with benign elevated HbA2 levels. The presence of disease variants in the HBB locus was excluded.ConclusionThis finding provided clarity and enabled family planning for the proband and her family.