bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-toxic multinodular goitre; Surgical and pathological evaluation risk of malignancy
Authors: Dewana Azhy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: About 500–600 million people across the globe suffer from multinodular goitre (MNG), making it the most prevalent endocrine illness. The disease is considered endemic when more than 10% of a community has MNG. Women and the elderly are disproportionately affected by non-endemic goitre. In both endemic and nonendemic areas, the female-to-male ratio is roughly 3:1. Although the patient may not notice the goitre until their 40s or 50s, nodules form early on in endemic goitre and later in sporadic goitre.
Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to use histological analysis of complete thyroidectomy specimens to identify the prevalence and subtypes of thyroid cancers in non-toxic multi-nodular goitre (NTMNG).
Patients and methods: This study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2022 in the Surgical Department at the Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil, Iraq. Both a physical and sonographic examination was performed on each patient diagnosed with goitre. To reduce the possibility of malignancy in NTMNG, preoperative ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (UG-FNAB) was done on the dominant or chosen tumour in all patients. Patients were offered surgery as a treatment when diagnostic tests revealed abnormalities. Histopathological analysis of every surgically removed thyroid tissue was performed. Pre-op, intra-op, and post-op data were meticulously documented in a standardized fashion, and the outcomes were assessed.
Results
The goitre cases in this prospective analysis included 128 people. Seventy-six of them had a benign form of multinodular goitre. Sixty-three (82.9%) of the sample were female and thirteen (17.1%) were male. Patients' ages ranged from 23 to 74 years, with a mean age of 36 and a median age of 34±3.35 years. Colloid goitre was found in 28(36.84) %, follicular neoplasm in 3(3.94%), suggestive for malignancy in 3(3.94%), papillary in 4(5.34%), malignant in 3(3.94%), and inconclusive in the remaining 35(46.1%) of cases. Histopathological analysis was performed on all specimens obtained during complete thyroidectomy. Our study found a 15(19.7%) incidence of CA in NTMNG based on histopathology findings that 15 individuals had a malignant focus. Thyroid malignancy was detected in 15 of 76 samples (19.7%), with 8 papillary carcinomas (53.3%), 4 follicular carcinomas (26.6%), 2 Hurthle cell carcinomas (13.3%), and 1 anaplastic carcinoma (6.6%) found in NTMNG.
Conclusion:
It is important to remember that multinodular goitre is not benign and calls for additional screening for incidental or undiagnosed thyroid cancer.
Preparation and properties of titanate nanotube-dispersed polyimide dielectric composites
Authors: Chen Junzhen , Zhang Jin , Xie Jun , Xiao Chunguang , Li Hengfeng , He Guowen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In order to find a better performance polyimide-based composite, titanate nanotubes (TNTs）were prepared by hydrothermal method. TNTs were incorporated into polyimides, and PI/TNTs composite films were prepared by in situ sol-gel method. FTIR, SEM and XRD are used for the characterization of microstructure and morphology of polyimide-based composite films. TG tested the thermal stability of the material, and the results showed that the thermal stability of the film doped with TNTs in PI was significantly enhanced, and the thermal stability performance of the composite film was better with the increase of TNTs. Through dynamic mechanical analysis, it is shown that the storage modulus of the material increases with the increase of its enhanced phase content, and the storage modulus gradually decreases with the increase of temperature when the doping amount is certain and the temperature increases. The composite film has strong absorption of 365.0nm ultraviolet light, and the ultraviolet light of this wavelength has the greatest effect on the increase of the dielectric constant of PI/TNTs, and the results show that the PI/TNTs composite film has certain ultraviolet responsiveness. This paper provides a new method for the development of polyimide-based composites with excellent mechanical properties at high temperature.
Eco-friendly Oxidized Microcrystalline Cellulose/Quaternized Chitosan/Gelatin Hydrogels based on Schiff-base Reaction as Wound Dressing and Naringin Release Kinetic
Authors: Yin Huishuang , Song Peiqin , Liao Jing , Xiao Minxuan , Huang Huihua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Use of by-product waste from farm products to prepare clinical dressings is a resource-saving and eco-friendly approach. In this research, a series of pH-sensitive hydrogels composited with oxidized microcrystalline celluloseisolated from pineapple peel, quaternized chitosan isolated from hericium erinaceus residue and gelatin were prepared based on Schiff-base reaction.The structures of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM, the absorption peak at around 1656 cm− 1 (due to –C = N–) and the disappeared peak at 1726 cm− 1(due to –CHO) in composite hydrogel confirmed Schiff-base reaction occurred. XRD and SEM results showed the composite hydrogels have good compatibility and well-cross linked. A series of experiments were performed to investigate the blood clotting activity and physicochemical property. It was found that the composite hydrogels can make shrink and expansion behaviors in different pH environments, and exhibited adjustable in swelling ability (up to 4383%), water evaporation rate, gel time and mechanical property as change of gelatin content. The oxidized microcrystalline cellulose/quaternized chitosan/gelatin (OMQCS-G) hydrogel showed well coagulation effect and controlled release of the loaded naringin, naringin release of OMQCS-G5 reached more than 70% within initial 6 hours, suggesting the potential of the prepared hydrogel used as wound dressing.
On the efficiency and accuracy of a modified Newton-Raphson method for advection-diffusion coupled problems
Authors: Murer Mauro , Formica Giovanni , Milicchio Franco , Auricchio Ferdinando 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The present work deals with the nonlinear multiphysics advection-diffusion problem where non-stationary Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible flows are coupled with heat transfer equations.Although a large variety of numerical methods is widespread in literature, a sufficiently comprehensive investigation, to the best of authors' knowledge, has not been provided yet when aiming for high performances on both accuracy and efficiency, either by solving these problems jointly or separately.
To this end, we propose a modified Newton-Raphson (mNR) scheme, based on a fully nonlinear formulation and employing standard Lagrange Finite Elements, implemented in an in-house C++ code using the open-source deal.II library. The proposed method is first validated against consolidated results available in the literature, testing fluid motion equations first alone, and then coupled with thermal convections. Then, its performance is highlighted by comparison with enhanced schemes, ad-hoc implemented, approaching the coupled problems through projection methods. Through a wide numerical campaign, we finally prove that the mNR scheme is able to achieve higher level of accuracy and efficiency with respect to the other considered methods.
The C++ code implementing the proposed mNR scheme together with those employed for comparisons is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8192391.
An amorphous carbon for peptide-microarrays towards a novel biodetection system, especially diagnostics without known marker-molecules
Authors: Tominaga Yuki , Nokihara Kiyoshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

A bio-chip substrate made from amorphous carbon has been successfully developed for an innovative and practical biodetection system. The present biochip is a peptide-microarray for protein detection based on a novel principle for use in diagnostics. The properties of the carbon material as substrate carrier offers regarding its surface chemistry significant advantages over conventional slide-glasses. The biochip detection system described here uses the measurement of fluorescent intensity changes caused by interactions between capture molecules and analytes. Fluorescent intensity changes between with and without analytes are dose-dependent and can be visualized as "protein fingerprints". Recognition in this system, interaction is not dependent on a 1:1 correspondence as with ELISA. Hence this method can be applied even to analytes containing uncharacterized molecules. Statistical data processing, for instance multivariate analyses, allows discrimination of complex analytes such as body fluids. The present biochip used with an in-house developed detection device can be re-used for 10–20 times with the same or different analytes. Capturing molecules in this system are immobilized on the chip-surface through stable amide bonds and this allows washing and even scrub cleaning. This unique material has a potential for dual detection thorough fluorescent intensity changes and mass spectrometric analyses when the chip is used as a sample tray. The latter allows the possibility of discovering marker candidates since this material has high electric conductivity.
Can platform-based enterprises’ social value drive economic value? A moderated chain mediation effect analysis
Authors: Mingyue Fan , Jiaxu Tian , Qalati Sikandar Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Creating shared value (CSV) is subtly affecting both reform and innovation in platform-based enterprises, but the intrinsic role of social value and economic value in platform-based enterprises has not received sufficient attention. Based on the CSV perspective, this paper takes the data for Chinese-listed platform-based enterprises as research samples and uses piecewise SEM software to explore the internal mechanism of the impact of platform-based enterprises’ social value on their economic value. The results show that the social value of platform-based enterprises can significantly affect the economic value and that the innovation input of enterprises and user-perceived value have a chain mediating effect in the relationship between social value and economic value. Furthermore, through the framework analysis of the mechanism of the external environment of platform-based enterprises, the moderating effect is tested. It is found that environmental flexibility and environmental uncertainty inhibit the influence of platform-based enterprises’ social value on innovation input and of innovation input on economic value. This study provides a new research perspective for the sustainable development of platform-based enterprises, expands the application field of piecewise SEM, and provides practical insights for platform-based enterprises regarding how to deeply promote embedding social value in enterprise innovation and stakeholder management to realize economic value.
LAE-GAN: A novel cloud-based Low-light Attention Enhancement Generative Adversarial Network for unpaired text images
Authors: Xue Minglong , He Yanyi , Xie Peiqi , He Zhengyang , Feng Xin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the widespread adoption of mobile multimedia devices, the deployment of compute-intensive inference tasks on edge and resource-constrained devices, particularly in the context of low-light text detection, remains a formidable challenge. Existing deep-learning approaches have shown limited effectiveness in restoring images for extremely dark scenes. To address these limitations, this paper presents a novel cloud-based Low-light Attention Enhancement Generative Adversarial Network for unpaired text images (LAE-GAN)for the non-paired text image enhancement task in extremely low-light conditions. In the first stage, compressed low-light images are transmitted from edge devices to a cloud server for image enhancement. The LAE-GAN, an end-to-end network comprising a Zero-DCE and AGM-net generator, is designed with a global and local discriminator structure. The initial illumination restoration of extremely low-light images is accomplished using the Zero-DCE network. To enhance text details, we propose an Enhanced Text Attention Mechanism (ETAM) that transforms text information into a comprehensive text attention mechanism across the entire network. The Sobel operator is employed to extract text edge information, while attention is focused on text region details through constraints imposed on the attention map and edge map. Additionally, an AGM-Net module is integrated to reduce noise and fine-tune illumination. In the second stage, the cloud server makes decisions based on user requirements and processes requests in parallel, scaling with the quantity of requests. In the third stage, the enhanced results are transmitted back to edge devices for text detection. Experimental results on widely used LOL and SID low-light datasets demonstrate significant improvements in both quantitative and qualitative analysis, surpassing state-of-the-art enhancement methods in terms of image restoration and text detection
Preparation of polysilsesquioxane-based CO2 separation membranes with thermally degradable succinic anhydride and urea units
Authors: Horata Katsuhiro , Yoshio Tsubasa , Miyazaki Ryuto , Adachi Yohei , Kanezashi Masakoto , Tsuru Toshinori , Ohshita Joji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
New polysilsesquioxane (PSQ)-based CO2 separation membranes with succinic anhydride and monoalkylurea units as thermally degradable CO2-philic units were prepared by the copolymerization of a 1:1 mixture of [(3-triethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride (TESPS) or [(3-triethoxysilyl)propyl]urea (TESPU) and bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTESE). The succinic anhydride and monoalkylurea units underwent thermal degradation to form ester and dialkylurea units, respectively, with the liberation of small molecules (e.g., CO2 and NH3) under N2 atmosphere. The effects of thermal degradation on the performance of the obtained membranes were investigated. The TESPS-BTESE- and TESPU-BTESE-based membranes calcined at 250 ºC and 200 ºC exhibited good CO2/N2 permselectivities of 20.2 and 14.4, respectively, and low CO2 permeances of 7.7 × 10-8 and 7.9 × 10-8 mol m-2s-1Pa-1, respectively. When the membranes were further calcined at elevated temperatures of 350 ºC and 300 ºC, respectively, to promote the thermal degradation of the organic units, the CO2 permeances increased to 1.3 × 10-7 and 1.2 × 10-6 mol m-2s-1Pa-1, although the CO2/N2 permselectivities decreased to 19.5 and 8.4, respectively. These data indicate possible tuning of the CO2 separation performance of PSQ membranes by controlling the thermal degradation of the organic units.
Stability analysis of different Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties using AMMI and GGE biplot under Heat drought and Irrigated environment
Authors: Ghimire Sweksha , Poudel Mukti Ram , Aryal Anil , Roka Puja , Poudel Rashmi , G.C Ganesh , Timalsina Bibisha , Sapkota Sushma , Neupane Kapil , Bhattarai Kriti , Pariyar Manoj , Gautam Pratik , Sharma Surakshya , Chaudary Eishaina , Bhandari Radhakrishna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Wheat a widely grown cereal crop, which accounts for about 30 percent of the world grain output and affects the half of the land cultivated with wheat. Drought has a robust impact which affect 40 percent of wheat production and crop response, and other factor like plant growth, productivity, pigments contents, leaf senescence, fertility of spike, water relations and also photosynthetic activities. Low yield can be attributed to the planting time and varietal selection. To meet the need for food grains, high yielding genotypes resistant to diverse biotic and abiotic stress must be established and well performed genotypes are selected using multiplicative trails. So, the main objective of the study is to find the most stable, high yielding and adaptive genotype through genotype-environment interaction. The data were interpreted using AMMI (Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction) and GGE biplots. The experiment was conducted on twenty wheat genotypes in alpha lattice design on irrigated and heat drought environment. AMMI model showed that the grain yield is significantly affected by environment and 83.03%, 8.24%, 8.73% is attributed to environment, genotype and environment*genotype interaction. According to AMMI model, NL 1384 is the high yielding genotype in irrigated environment and NL 1179 under heat drought. NL 1346 is the winning elite line of drought environment and NL 1384 is the winning elite line for this environment as per GGE biplot analysis. Mean versus stability showed that NL 1384 is the highest mean yielding genotype and ranking genotype revealed NL 1420 is the ideal genotype.
Enhancing Generative Adversarial Networks with Attention Mechanisms for Image Synthesis
Authors: Neyigapula Bheema Shanker 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have significantly advanced image syn- thesis, but challenges persist in generating realistic and coherent images. This research paper introduces a novel Attention-Enhanced Generative Adversarial Network (A-GAN) that integrates attention mechanisms into the GAN frame- work to address these limitations. The attention module guides the generator’s focus on relevant image regions, leading to improved image quality, fine-detail capture, and global coherence preservation. Extensive experiments on diverse datasets demonstrate the superiority of A-GAN over traditional GANs, show- casing enhanced image realism, diversity, and spatial consistency. The proposed A-GAN model is applicable across various image synthesis tasks, such as image- to-image translation, style transfer, and image inpainting. The incorporation of attention mechanisms offers promising avenues for advancing computer vision and artificial intelligence applications.
Long read sequencing characterises a novel structural variant opaque to short reads, with likely functional impact in a case of unexplained severe fatigue
Authors: Oakley Julia , Hill Martin , Giess Adam , Tanguy Mélanie , Elgar Greg 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Despite the recent advances in genomic analysis, causative variants cannot be found for a sizeable proportion of patients with suspected genetic disorders. Many of these disorders involve genes in difficult-to-align genomic regions which are recalcitrant to short read approaches. Structural variants in these regions can be particularly hard to detect or define with short reads, yet may account for a significant number of cases. Long read sequencing can overcome these difficulties and is providing new hope for diagnosis and patient care. Here, we present a case of unusually complex, severe fatigue where a potentially relevant structural variant was indicated but could not be resolved by short-read sequencing. We use nanopore sequencing to identify and fully characterise a large inversion in a highly homologous region spanning the AKR1C gene locus, along with serum steroid analysis to investigate the functional consequences. The DNA inversion appears to increase the expression of AKR1C2 while limiting AKR1C1 activity, resulting in a relative increase of inhibitory neurosteroids and impaired progesterone metabolism. This study provides an example of where long read sequencing may supplement the use of more traditional sequencing methods in clinical care to increase diagnostic yield for rare disease, and highlights some of the challenges that arise in sequencing complex regions containing tandem arrays of genes. It also proposes a novel gene associated with a specific disease aetiology that may be an underlying cause of unexplained severe fatigue.
A lanthanide-rich kilonova in the aftermath of a long gamma-ray burst
Authors: Yang Yu-Han , Troja Eleonora , O'Connor Brendan , Fryer Chris , Im Myungshin , Durbak Joe , Paek Gregory , Ricci Roberto , De Bom Clécio , Gillanders James , Castro-Tirado Alberto , Peng Zong-Kai , Dichiara Simone , Ryan Geoffrey , Eerten Hendrik van , Dai Z. G. , Chang Seo-Won , Choi Hyeonho , De Kishalay , Hu Youdong , Kilpatrick Charles , Kutyrev Alexander , Jeong Mankeun , Lee Chung-Uk , Makler Martin , Navarrete Felipe , Pérez-García Ignacio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Kilonovae are a rare class of astrophysical transients powered by the radioactive decay of nuclei heavier than iron, synthesized in the merger of two compact objects 1–4 . Over the first few days, the kilonova evolution is dominated by a large number of radioactive isotopes contributing to the heating rate2, 5 . On timescales of weeks to months, its behavior is predicted to differ depending on the ejecta composition and merger remnant6–9 . However, late-time observations of known kilonovae are either missing or limited10, 11 . Here we report observations of a luminous red transient with a quasi-thermal spectrum, following an unusual gamma-ray burst of long duration. We classify this thermal emission as a kilonova and track its evolution up to two months after the burst. At these late times, the recession of the photospheric radius and the rapidly-decaying bolometric luminosity (Lbol ∝ t −2.7±0.4) support the recombination of lanthanide-rich ejecta as they cool.
A Pilot Study of anlotinib as a combination treatment in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Rui , Zhou Ping , Yu Yi-Feng , Lin Qin , Wu San-Gang 
Published: August 2023

Aims:
To investigate the short-term objective response and treatment toxicity of anlotinib as a combination treatment in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC).

Methods:
Patients with RM-NPC who received anlotinib as a combination treatment
between March 2021 and July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The efficacy and safety of anlotinib as a combination treatment were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 17 patients with RM-NPC were included in this study. Of these patients, 2 (11.8%) had local recurrence, 4 (23.5%) had cervical lymph node recurrence, and 11 (64.9%) had distant failure. The most common metastatic site was the liver (47.1%), followed by the lung (23.5%) and bone (23.5%). Anlotinib was given as first-line treatment in 3 patients (17.6%), second lines treatment in 7 patients (41.2%), and third to six-lines treatment in 7 patients (41.2%). All patients received anlotinib combined with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. One patient achieved a complete response (5.9%), 7 patients had a partial response (41.2%), 5 patients had stable disease (29.4%), and 4 patients had progressive disease (23.5%). The overall disease control rate and the overall response rate were 76.5% and 47.1%, respectively. The median progression-free survival was 8.1 months, and the median overall survival was not reached. The incidence of grade 3 adverse events was 30%. No unexpected side effects or treatment-related death were observed.

Conclusions:
Anlotinib, as a combination treatment, has a promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with RM-NPC. Our results add to the growing evidence that supports the benefits of combining antiangiogenic drugs in RM-NPC. Randomized controlled clinical trials investigating the evaluation of anlotinib are warranted.