bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nomogram to predict intracranial hypertension in moderate traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: Li Zhihong , Xu Feifei , Zhang Taihui , Zhao Baocheng , Cai Yaning , Yang Haigui , Li Dongbo , Chen Mingsheng , Zhao Tianzhi , Zhang Xingye , Ge Shunnan , Zhao Lanfu , Qu Yan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective: patients with moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) are under the threat of intracranial hypertension(IHT), which is an important cause of death and unfavorable outcome of TBI patients. However, it is unclear which moderate TBI patients will develop IHT and when to receive ICP-lowering treatment or even invasive ICP monitoring after admission. The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a prediction model that estimates the risk of IHT in moderate TBI patients with lower GCS (9-11) by admission data.
Methods: baseline data collected on admission of 296 moderate TBI patients with GCS score of 9-11 were collected and analyzed. Multi-variable logistic regression modeling with backward stepwise elimination was used to develop a prediction model for IHT. The discrimination efficacy, calibration efficacy, and clinical utility of the prediction model were evaluated. Finally, the prediction model was validated in a separate cohort of 74 patients from 3 hospitals.
Results: four independent prognostic factors for IHT were identified: GCS score of 9, Marshall diffuse injury type IV and nonevacuated mass lesion, ISS≥18and location of contusion (frontal and temporal contusion). A prediction model was established and shown as a nomogram. The C-statistic of the prediction model in internal validation was 84.30% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.794–0.892). External validation was performed in a separate cohort of 85 patients. The area under the curve for the prediction model was 82.70% (95% CI: 0.726~0.928).
Conclusions: A prediction model based on patient parameters collected on admission was found to be highly sensitive in distinguishing moderate TBI patients with lower GCS score of 9-11 who would suffer IHT. The high discriminative ability of the prediction model supports its use in identifying moderate TBI patients with lower GCS score of 9-11 who need ICP-lowering therapy or invasive ICP monitoring.
Predictors for Health-seeking Behavior in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study from Pakistan
Authors: Jafree Sara Rizvi , Naveed Ammara , Ahsan Humna , Burhan Syeda Khadija , Khawar Amna , Khan Masha Asad , Fischer Florian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Pakistan has one of the highest rates of chronic liver disease (CLD) burden in the world. Poor and underserved patients of CLD in the country may suffer from limited health-seeking behaviors, but there is not much research in this area. The aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing health-seeking behaviors in CLD patients to better plan support for these patients.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study. Data was collected over a four-month period from May 2022 to August 2022. A total of 850 patients visiting the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre were part of the study. We used correlation tests and multivariate logistic regression to investigate the relationship between the health-seeking behavior and the independent study domains (economic stability, health literacy, social support, experiencing grief, mental health, healthcare service quality, and coping strategies).
Results
Main results suggest that patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, non-viral liver disease, and cirrhosis have less health-seeking behavior, compared to patient with chronic viral hepatitis. Multivariate logistic regression results reveal that the following groups have lower odds for health-seeking behavior: (i) illiterate people; (ii) those living in rented homes; (iii) those belonging to nuclear families; and (iv) those with low monthly household income. The following study domains also show lower odds for health-seeking behavior: (i) health illiteracy; (ii) low health service quality; (iii) low ability to use coping strategies; (iv) grief; (v) lack of social support; (vi) mental health challenges; and (vii) economic instability.
Conclusions
Our study highlights that the majority of CLD patients are poor, illiterate, or semi-literate and in urgent need of holistic care with respect to health literacy, mental health counseling, financial help, and improved support from provider and families. This is only possible through the integration of social policy officers and social workers in the tertiary health sector of the country.
The identification of Necroptosis-Related Genes and Immune Cell Infiltration in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease based on bioinformatics and experimental validation
Authors: Xue Ting , Zheng Leting , Dong Fei , Zhong Xiaoning 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Globally, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is the third leading cause of death. Necroptosis is a programmed regulated necrosis and contributes to the progression of lung disease. However, the function of necroptosis in COPD needs to be further elucidated. This study aimed to unravel the role of necroptosis in COPD via bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. The GSE38974 and GSE8581 datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. Identified of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) from GSE38974. The GO, KEGG and GSEA enrichment analyses for DEGs.Differentially expressed genes of necroptosis(NR-DEGs) were obtained by combining DEGs and 159 necroptosis-related genes and the GO and KEGG were performed. The AUC values of NR-DEGs were assessed in the GSE38974 dataset and further were verified in the GSE8581 dataset. To further verify NR-DEGs in CSE-induced BEAS-2B cells by using RT-qPCR. The level of immune cell infiltration was quantified by ssGSEA analysis and the correlation analysis was performed between NR-DEGs and immune cell infiltration. We identified 646 DEGs and acquired 5 NR-DEGs(IL1B, IL-33, TNFAIP3, TNFRSF1A and CHMP4B) by combining 646 DEGs and 159 necroptosis-related genes. The GO, KEGG and GSEA enrichment analyses for the DEGs and NR-DEGs mainly involved in regulating of inflammatory response, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, cytokine activity, receptor ligand activity and necroptosis. The AUC values of the NR-DEGs were 0.797, 0.971, 0.908, 1 and 1 from GSE38974 dataset and further were verified in the GSE8581 dataset were 0.741 and 0.737. The results of RT-qPCR showed that mRNA expression levels of IL1B and TNFAIP3 were up-regulated compared with control group(P<0.05). The analysis result of ssGSEA displayed that IL1B was significantly associated with Plasmacytoid.dendritic.cell, Activated.dendritic.cell, Macrophage, Central.memory.CD8.T.cell, Natural.killer.cell, Type.17.T.helper.cell, MDSC, and TNFAIP3 was significantly associated with Type.17.T.helper.cell, Natural.killer.cell, Macrophage, Central.memory.CD8.T.cell, Activated.dendritic.cell, Plasmacytoid.dendritic.cell, MDSC, Immature.B.cell, Gamma.delta.T.cell. According to the study, we found that necroptosis with COPD pathogenesis and immune cell infiltration is closely related, in particular, IL1B may through necroptosis-dependent pathway activate immune cell infiltration to promote the development of COPD, these may allow us to better understand the role of necroptosis in patients with COPD and provide better immunotherapeutic targets.
Application of Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) for Assesment of Drinking Water Quality in Islamabad
Authors: Ahmed Talal , Sarwar Bilal Ahmad , Sultana Rashida , Akhtar Shamim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Present study has been conducted to delineate the heavy metal pollution regardingCadmium, Iron, Lead, Nickel, Chromium, Manganese and Zincin drinking water sources of Defense Housing Authority, Phase II.The area is almost fully dependent on the supply water for household and drinking use. 11 Samples were collected from local water sources and preserved for analyzation. Laboratory analysis was done with SHIMADZU Flame Atomic Absorption Model AA-7000. Results indicated that the Fe, Mn and Zn were under the permissible limits for almost all the sample while the Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr were in higher concentrations regarding the PAK-EPA standards. Heavy Metal Pollution Indexwas calculated to suggest the feasibility of water samples for drinking and it was concluded that most of the samples was hazardous for direct consumption.
Mid-lumbar (L3) epidural stimulation effects on bladder and external urethral sphincter in non-injured and chronically transected urethane-anesthetized rats
Authors: Medina-Aguiñaga Daniel , Hoey Robert F. , Wilkins Natasha , Ugiliweneza Beatrice , Fell Jason , Harkema Susan J. , Hubscher Charles H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recent pre-clinical and clinical spinal cord epidural stimulation (scES) experiments specifically targeting the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral circuitries mediating lower urinary tract (LUT) function have shown improvements in storage, detrusor pressure, and emptying. With the existence of a lumbar spinal coordinating center in rats that is involved with external urethral sphincter (EUS) functionality during micturition, the mid-lumbar spinal cord (specifically L3) was targeted in the current study with scES to determine if the EUS and thus the void pattern could be modulated, using both intact and chronic complete spinal cord injured female rats under urethane anesthesia. L3 scES at select frequencies and intensities of stimulation produced a reduction in void volumes and EUS burst duration in intact rats. After chronic transection, three different subgroups of LUT dysfunction were identified and the response to L3 scES promoted different cystometry outcomes, including changes in EUS bursting. The current findings suggest that scES at the L3 level can generate functional neuromodulation of both the urinary bladder and the EUS in intact and SCI rats to enhance voiding in a variety of clinical scenarios.
Effects of post-discharge oral nutrition supplement on nutritional status and body composition in malnourished patients with gastrointestinal cancer and the clinical implications
Authors: Lin Yi , Chattopadhyay Kaushik , Xu Bin-Bin , Zhang Hui-Qin , Gu He-Dan , Dai Xiao-Yu , Yu Hua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effects of 3-week post-discharge tumor-specialized ONS (TSONS) on nutritional status, and parameters of anthropometry and body composition in malnourished GIC patients after surgery.Methods A retrospective study was delivered in a real-life clinical setting. GIC adults at risk of malnutrition after surgery from December 2021 to October 2022 were included in this TSONS program. All malnourished GIC patients were recommended to receive hospital-prepared TSONS, containing 18.0% protein, 50.0% fat, and 32.0% carbohydrate per service, to reach 500 kcal per day for up to 3 weeks. Nutritional status was evaluated by Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). The changes in the clinical outcomes of body composition were compared at 3-week after TSONS from baseline values, stratified by adjuvant chemotherapy status.Results In total, 36 malnourished GIC patients receiving three-week TSONS were included in this analysis. Three-week TSONS improved nutritional status (P < 0.001). However, TSONS did not significantly impact body composition. When stratified by chemotherapy status, although the difference did not reach a significant level, more weight gain and improved body composition were observed in the patients not receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, and of these in patients with normal muscle mass in particular. Meanwhile, a slight rise in fat mass along with visceral fat was promoted by adjuvant chemotherapy, especially for sarcopenic patients.Conclusion Three-week post-discharge TSONS could benefit nutritional status in malnourished GIC patients after surgery. However, it did not have a significant impact on the increase in body weight and improvement of body composition through one-chemotherapy cycle of TSONS.
A method to mitigate GHG emissions produced from Diwali crackers using Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Katuri Abhiram , Manda Jai Charan , Dr Manugupta , lakkarusu pavan kumar varma 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Due to the rapidly expanding population, currently there has been an increase in the use of chemicals that are released into the atmosphere. The primary cause of this is pollution from various sorts of cracker producing enterprises and its bomb products, which, when burned, have a significant negative impact on the atmosphere and cause a wide range of issues for people. The proposed study intends to create a system for evaluating crackers in a certain area based on their capacity and emission values, and applies principal component analysis to identify the crackers that produce the most emissions. The suggested method uses principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the dataset and enhance the error factor. From the regional data, Eigenvalues, Variability (%), and Cumulative (%) have been examined. The outcomes can assist the authorities in reducing the air pollution-causing fireworks and subsequently controlling their sale and usage in the area.
Characterization of radon concentration, surface and mass exhalation rates radon and effective dose rate from soil samples in the Midelt, region of Morocco, using Alpha GUARD
Authors: Said KHADOUR , brahim SEDRA Moulay , Abderrahman EL BOUKILI , El-Taher Atef 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The article discusses the levels of radon concentration in soil samples from the Midelt region of Morocco. Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that is known to increase the risk of lung cancer, and understanding its presence and migration is important for predicting and mitigating radon exposure in indoor environments. The study aims to determine the natural levels of radon radioactivity in soil samples from four locations in the Midelt region and evaluate the collective impact of radiological hazard indices, such as annual effective dose equivalent, surface area, and mass radon exhalation rate. The soil samples were collected from Tounfite, Boumia, Aghbalou, and Zaida, and analyzed using the AlphaGUARD device to measure the activity concentration of radon. This study provides important information about the levels of radon concentration in the soil of the Midelt region of Morocco, which can be used to predict and mitigate radon exposure in residential and other indoor environments.
Incidence of eriophyid (Acariformes: Eriophyidae) and predatory mites (Parasitiformes: Phytoseiidae) in Florida citrus orchards under three different pest management programs
Authors: Demard Emilie P. , Döker Ismail , Qureshi Jawwad A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The abundance and diversity of eriophyid and phytoseiid mites in south and central Florida were assessed in six citrus orchards under three different pest management systems, conventional, organic, and untreated. Tree canopy, ground cover, and leaf litter were sampled every two months in two groves each under conventional, organic, and untreated pest management from April 2019 to February 2021. The citrus rust mite, Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead) was identified from 95-99% of the samples from study groves except 45% in one untreated orchard (n = 938). The pink citrus rust mite, Aculops pelekassi (Keifer) was present in organic and untreated orchards at 5% and 28%, respectively, but absent from conventional orchards (n = 134). Twenty-nine species of phytoseiid mites were identified from 1,778 specimens. Thirteen species were present in the canopy, fifteen in the ground cover, and eighteen in the leaf litter with some common species among these habitats. In the tree canopy, Typhlodromalus peregrinus (39%), Euseius spp. (25%), and Iphiseiodes quadripilis (19%) were the dominant species. Typhlodromalus peregrinus (43%), Typhlodromips dentilis (25%), and Proprioseiopsis mexicanus (13%) were the major species in the ground cover. Species richness was lower in organic orchards (3.0) compared to conventional and untreated orchards (5.0 and 4.7, respectively). In the leaf litter, Amblyseius curiosus (26%), Proprioseiopsis carolinianus (15%), Chelaseius floridanus (14%), and A. tamatavensis (12%) were the most common species. Shannon index was significantly higher in conventional orchards (1.45) compared to organic and untreated orchards (1.02 and 1.05, respectively). Evenness was also higher in conventional orchards (0.86) compared to organic and untreated (0.72 and 0.68, respectively). Finding of several phytoseiids in abundance across pest management programs suggest the need for identifying their role in pest suppression particularly mites.
Risk factors for implant failure in transverse intertrochanteric fractures
Authors: Izawa Yuta , Futamura Kentaro , Murakami Hiroko , Shirakawa Tetsuya , Tsuchida Yoshihiko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Intertrochanteric femoral fractures include transverse and reverse oblique fractures. The incidence of implant failure in intertrochanteric fractures is high. The risk factors of perforation and cutout of lag screws or helical blades in intertrochanteric transverse fractures have not been elucidated. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the risk factors of perforation and cutout of lag screws or helical blades in intertrochanteric transverse fractures and propose an effective treatment strategy.Methods Thirty-eight patients with intertrochanteric transverse fractures who underwent surgical fixation with an intramedullary nail between 2013 and 2022 were included in this study. Patients with and without perforation and cutout of the lag screw or helical blade were grouped into group 1 and 2, respectively. To identify the risk factors of perforation and cutout of the lag screw or helical blade, age, sex, laterality, AO/Orthopedic Trauma Association classification, presence of lesser trochanteric fragments and anterior wall comminution, length and thickness of the nail, use of cement augmentation, postoperative quality of reduction, and tip apex distance were compared between the two groups.Results Perforation and cutout of the lag screw or helical blade occurred in eight cases, which were classified into group 1. Thirty patients without implant failure were classified into group 2. All eight cases in group 1 and 14 cases (46.7%) in group 2 had anterior wall comminution; group 1 had a significantly higher rate of anterior wall comminution than group 2 (p = 0.0119). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of items other than anterior wall comminution. Cement augmentation was not used in group 1; in group 2, it was used in eight patients. All eight patients with cement augmentation in group 2 had anterior wall comminution.Conclusions Anterior wall comminution was a risk factor of perforation and cutout of the lag screw or helical blade in femoral intertrochanteric transverse fractures. It may be possible to prevent implant failure using cement augmentation and static locking of the lag screw or helical blade at the insertion of an intramedullary nail.
Change in Microstructure and Fractal Characteristics of Intact and Compacted Loess due to its Collapsibility
Authors: Zhang 张少英 , Shao Shuai , Shao Shengjun , Wu Hao , Zhao Kai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This work aimed to examine the fractal dimension and difference law of intact and compacted loess before and after collapse. The uniaxial compression tests were performed to obtain specimens under different vertical stresses, and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests were conducted to determine the pore size distribution (PSD). Three models were selected to determine the fractal dimensions based on PSD. As a result, the pores were classified into ultra-micropores (d < 0.1 µm), micropores (0.1 µm < d < 2 µm), small pores (2 µm < d < 10 µm), and large pores (d > 10 µm). When the fractal dimensions were determined using the capillary pressure model, there were three fractal intervals (Ds1, Ds2, and Ds3), with only Ds1 and Ds2 meeting the definition of fractal dimension. Ds1 increased considerably after the collapse, but Ds2 declined. The thermodynamic law-based model presented the best linear fit, and there was only one fractal interval. The fractal dimension Dn increased dramatically after the specimen was wet collapsed. Combined with fractal theory, it revealed that collapse changed the pore uniformity and complexity of the loess. After collapse, the microscopic pores of the loess became coarser and more complicated.
Breast Cancers Secreting Sialyl-Fibronectin in the Blood are Less Likely to Cause Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition and Have a Good Prognosis
Authors: Takeyama Hiroshi , Manome Yoshinobu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Elevated blood fibronectin (FN) levels have been observed in various cancers; however, their significance is controversial. We measured sialyl-fibronectin (S-FN), a type of FN secreted by tumor cells in the blood, and investigated whether blood S-FN secretion is associated with cancer malignancy and recurrent metastasis.
Methods:
We constructed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system that recognized S-FN as an antigen and measured the amount of S-FN secreted into the blood of 89 breast tumor patients. The relationship between S-FN secretion and prognostic predictors was statistically examined. Immunostaining was performed to identify the site of S-FN secretion in the breast tissue.
Results:
Among the 82 breast cancer cases, 21 (25.6%, 21/82) and 61 (74.4%, 61/82) were blood S-FN-positive and S-FN-negative, respectively. Regarding prognostic predictors in blood S-FN-positive and S-FN-negative cases, a significant difference was found in three factors of locoregional recurrence (p = 0.026), remote metastasis (p = 0.049), and histological margin (p = 0.001). Locoregional recurrence was associated with positive histological margins in S-FN-positive cases. However, remote metastasis was associated with N-factor and histological classification (HC) in S-FN-negative cases. Furthermore, S-FN particles were detected in the cytoplasm of breast cancer cells through immunostaining. After the onset of recurrent metastasis, two S-FN-positive and six S-FN-negative patients received anticancer drug treatment; however, further progression was observed in five S-FN-negative patients.
Conclusion
S-FN-positive cases are less likely to cause distant metastases, have a better prognosis, and may be less resistant to therapeutic agents than S-FN-negative cases, which contain many epithelial-mesenchymal transition cells.
Trial registration number and Date: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jikei Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, in 2011 [No. 27-112 (7997)].