bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strengthening national public health institutes: a systematic review on institution building in the public sector
Authors: Brugnara Lucia , Jaramillo Catalina , Olarte-Peña Margarita , Karl Larissa , Deckert Andreas , Marx Michael , Horstick Olaf , Dambach Peter , Fehr Angela 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionStrong and efficient institutions are vital to the development of well-functioning governments and strong societies. The term “institution building” encompasses the creation, support, development, and strengthening of organizations and institutions. Still, there is little aggregated evidence on “institution building” considering a wider system-thinking approach, best practices, or development cooperation specifically in the field of public health. In 2007, the International Association of National Public Health Institutes (IANPHI) created a guiding Framework that countries may use for developing National Public Health Institutes (NPHIs). This Framework is currently being revised.MethodsIn this context, we conducted a systematic review to facilitate this revision with recent evidence on institution building and its potential contribution to NPHI. We followed the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, searching for relevant publications in seven scientific databases (Pubmed, VHL/LILACS, EconLit, Google Scholar, Web of Science, World Affairs Online, ECONBIZ) and four libraries (World Bank; European Health for All database of the World Health Organization European Region, WHO; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD; and the African Union Common Repository). The search was carried out in October 2021. We used the “framework analysis” tool for systematically processing documents according to key themes.ResultsAs a result, we identified 3,015 records, of which we included 62 documents in the final review. This systematic review fills a major gap of aggregated information on institution building in the field of public health and National Public Health Institutes. It is to our knowledge the first systematic review of this kind. The overriding result is the identification and definition of six domains of institution building in the health sector: “governance,” “knowledge and innovation,” “inter-institutional cooperation,” “monitoring and control,” “participation,” and “sustainability and context-specific adaptability.”DiscussionOur results show that the described domains are highly relevant to the public health sector, and that managers and the scientific community recognize their importance. Still, they are often not applied consistently when creating or developing NPHIs. We conclude that organizations engaged in institution building of NPHIs, including IANPHI, may greatly benefit from state-of-the-art research on institution building as presented in this study.
Screening of Suitable Reference Genes for Immune Gene Expression Analysis Stimulated by Vibrio anguillarum and Copper Ions in Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
Authors: Yan Fengyuan , Li Hui , Chen Xue , Yu Junjie , Su Shengyan , Li Jianlin , Ye Wei , Tang Yongkai 
Published: May 2023

The reference gene expression is not always stable under different experimental conditions, and screening of suitable reference genes is a prerequisite in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In this study, we investigated gene selection, and the most stable reference gene for the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) was screened under the stimulation of Vibrio anguillarum and copper ions, respectively. Ten candidate reference genes were selected, including arginine kinase (AK), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2b (UBE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), elongation factor 1α (EF-1α), α-tubulin (α-TUB), heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), β-actin (β-ACTIN), elongation factor 2 (EF-2) and phosphoglucomutase 2 (PGM2). Expression levels of these reference genes were detected under the stimulation of V. anguillarum at different times (0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h) and copper ions in different concentrations (11.08 mg/L, 2.77 mg/L, 0.69 mg/L and 0.17 mg/L). Four types of analytical software, namely geNorm, BestKeeper, NormFinder and Ref-Finder, were applied to evaluate the reference gene stability. The results showed that the stability of the 10 candidate reference genes was in the following order: AK > EF-1α > α-TUB > GAPDH > UBE > β-ACTIN > EF-2 > PGM2 > GST > HSP90 under V. anguillarum stimulation. It was GAPDH > β-ACTIN > α-TUB > PGM2 > EF-1α > EF-2 > AK > GST > UBE > HSP90 under copper ion stimulation. The expression of E. sinensis Peroxiredoxin4 (EsPrx4) was detected when the most stable and least stable internal reference genes were selected, respectively. The results showed that reference genes with different stability had great influence on the accurate results of the target gene expression. In the Chinese mitten crab (E. sinensis), AK and EF-1α were the most suitable reference genes under the stimulation of V. anguillarum. Under the stimulation of copper ions, GAPDH and β-ACTIN were the most suitable reference genes. This study provided important information for further research on immune genes in V. anguillarum or copper ion stimulation.
Antimicrobial Activities of Olive Oil Mill Wastewater Extracts against Selected Microorganisms
Authors: Sar Taner , Akbas Meltem Yesilcimen 
Published: May 2023

Discovering eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic chemicals has become an increasingly popular area of research. Natural products are now in the spotlight for their potential use as replacements for synthetic chemicals. To maximize the benefits of these natural products, it is important to use efficient extraction methods, especially from agroindustrial waste. Olive oil mill wastewater (OOMW) is a byproduct of the olive oil production process and is considered a pollutant; however, OOMW contains a wide range of phenolic compounds that have proven antimicrobial properties. This study investigates the extraction of these compounds from OOMW, with the aim of determining their potential antimicrobial activities against several bacterial strains and fungi, including Bacillus spizizenii, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella aerogenes, Streptococcus uberis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. The OOMW extracts (OEs) were prepared by using three different solvents: ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol. The highest total phenolic contents (4.03 g, GAE/L) and the strongest antibacterial activity were obtained with methanol extraction. All OEs showed no antifungal activity against C. albicans. OEs, particularly methanol extracts of OOMW, can be used as bioactive substances in various industries as nutraceuticals and food ingredients, respectively.
Strategy of The Teacher in Applying The 2013 Curriculum to Students' Social Attitude
Authors: Ode Muhamad Nur Intan 
Published: May 2023

The aims of this study are to determine the strategies used by teachers at State Elementary School 2 Wameo in developing students' social attitudes and to determine the factors that shape students' positive social attitudes. This research is a field study with a qualitative method, with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research findings show that the teacher's strategy begins with an explanation of the value of skills and approaches with students, followed by the implementation of the 2013 curriculum as a whole, and finally the teacher fosters social attitudes by providing interesting learning in the classroom. The factors for the formation of students' social attitudes. Internally, the supporting factor is that students can understand social attitudes and teachers in presenting interesting learning in the classroom. The inhibiting factor is the family, such as the lack of parental attention and supervision of students at home.
An Analysis of Cultural Terms Translation in ‘Chef’ Movie Script
Authors: Firdaus Intan , Putranda Nauly Gayus Immanuelle 
Published: May 2023

The focus of this study was on the translation of cultural terminology found in the "Chef" movie script. The goals were to determine the cultural category, the translation techniques used, and the translation quality. The data for this analysis were words, phrases, and sentences, hence the descriptive qualitative method was utilized. Purposive sampling was used by the researchers, and got 28 sets of data to analyze. The movie script contained four out of five cultural categories: material (75%), concept and social organization (14.28%), ecological (7.14%), and gesture and habit (7.14%). (3.57%). Only four of the 18 translation strategies were used to translate the cultural terms: pure borrowing (75 %), literal translation (39.28 %), established equivalence (7.14 %), and adaptation (7.14 %) (3.57%) The quality of the translation study revealed that 27 data (96.42 %) were accurately translated into Indonesian, and that 28 data (100%) were acceptable and highly readable.
Identificando el aprendizaje en estudiantes del nivel medio superior vía virtual en pandemia
Authors: Bojórquez María Alejandra Sarmiento , González Mayté Cadena , Rosado Juan Fernando Casanova 
Published: May 2023

Es un hecho que hoy por hoy en México los estudiantes de todos los niveles están en casa. La educación está bajo el control muchas veces de los papás y dependemos del autoaprendizaje de los jóvenes. Es un auténtico reto para todo sistema educativo, mientras que los profesores se preocupan por adaptarse y transformar las estrategias de aprendizaje, capacitarse y cambiar la forma de enseñar, los programas de estudio, etc., se han olvidado de algo esencial, ¿será que los alumnos cuentan con lo necesario para recibir esta enseñanza? El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar y reflexionar si los estudiantes de nivel medio superior han aprendido via virtual, y si lograron adaptarse ante este reto a distancia. Se realizó un cuestionario diagnóstico de 30 ítems vía email, aplicado a 289 estudiantes. En los resultados se observó que el 90.3% (260) afirma siempre cuenta con un dispositivo para su educación online y el 9.7% (29) solo a veces. Un dato relevante es cuando se preguntó si se sienten cómodos y adaptados ante esta nueva modalidad online y en una escala de uno a 5 (totalmente) afirmaron que el 21.1% totalmente, el 81% escogieron escala 4 y 3 y el 16.3% el 6.6% las últimas escalas. Por último, un dato importante es la pregunta de qué tanto te gustaría seguir tomando en línea y se observó que el solo el 8.7% le gustaría mucho, el 33.3% si les gusta, al 26.4% le es indiferente la modalidad, al 22.2% le gusta poco, pero al 9.4% no le gusta nada. Es un hecho que a nadie nos gusta los cambios abruptos, estos cambios no fueron planeados y controlados en muchos aspectos, sin embargo podemos concluir que el esfuerzo hecho por muchos docentes rindió frutos y este periodo nos preparó a todos tanto estudiantes, docentes y autoridades para avanzar y transformar nuestra enseñanza virtual y que poco a poco se logre mejoras sin descuidar que nuestra población estudiantil pueda seguir adaptándose y aprendiendo cada día más con obstáculos o sin ellos.
The evaluated signal-to-noise ratio for the alternate transmission of different chirp ultrasound to extend the measurable distance in the pulse-echo method
Authors: Leetang Khanistha , Hachiya Hiroyuki , Hirata Shinnosuke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The basic concept of distance measurement using the alternate transmission of two different codes based on the pulse-echo method has been used to obtain an extension of the measurable distance, in which the temporal resolution is not degraded in the one-code transmission. In the alternate transmission, the reflected signals from the object are measured by two correlation signals. The received signal is correlated with each transmitted signal. The truncation and truncated interference noise of signals are generated in the cross-correlation function. Which is a part of the signal components. The signal components are changed according to the transmit signal. In this paper, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the alternate transmission of the different chirp signals is described and investigated. The highest SNR of the alternate chirp signal is achieved by the high bandwidth and long length of the transmitted signal. Moreover, the different bandwidth of the chirp transmission is simulated. The SNRs of the alternate transmission of different chip signals between the experiment and simulation are compared.
Interpretation of mobility universality against effective electric field of Si nMOSFETs based on nonlinear model of surface roughness scattering
Authors: Sumita Kei , Toprasertpong Kasidit , Takenaka Mitsuru , Takagi Shinichi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The universality of mobility against the effective electric field of Si n-channel MOSFETs (nMOSFETs) is not guaranteed under the nonlinear model of surface roughness scattering, which has been recently proposed and is more quantitative than the conventional linear model. Therefore, in this study, the mechanism of the universality of the mobility is quantitatively examined for (100) and (110) Si nMOSFETs based on the nonlinear model. As a result, the coefficient

η

in the effective field to provide the universality is theoretically shown to be 1/2 and 1/3 for (100) and (110) Si nMOSFETs, respectively, and the physical origin is addressed.
Az „égi megbízatás” (tian ming天命) „átértelmezése” és a „nevek” (ming名) funkciója
Authors: Várnai András 
Published: May 2023

Az ókori kínai történeti szövegekben és bölcseleti írásokban, így a Mengzi-ben is, a tianming 天命 (vagy „alakváltozata”, a ming 命) kitüntetett szerepkörben van. Az „Ég rendelése” (天命) a konfuciánus tanítás egyik hivatkozott sarokköve. Mengzi szerint a ming 命nem egyszerűen csak a külső körülményekre utal, hanem feltárja előttünk a „kötelességünket”, mi az, amit meg kell tennünk, és mit nem. Ez összhangban van Mengzi azon nézetével, hogy a kormányzás feladatát az égi elrendelés által „kijelölt” alkalmas személynek kell ellátnia, és az erre való felkészülés Kongzi iniciatívája szerint az, hogy a „nemes ember” (junzi 君子) célja az „Ég elrendelését” felismerve élni és cselekedni.Az uralkodói „megbízatás” (ming 命) az „égi elrendelés” (tianming 天命) „folyománya”. Visszavonhatóságának a gondolatát szokásosan Mengzi tanításához kötik (bár már a Shijing egy szöveghelyén megjelenik), mert nála fogalmazódik meg a legélesebben, hogy ha az uralkodó alkalmatlannak bizonyul az uralom gyakorlására, az Ég más, valóban arra alkalmas személynek adja a „megbízatást”. Ez emellett arról is szól, hogy az uralkodóknak és a feljebbvalóknak figyelniük kell arra, hogy ezt megfelelő kormányzással elkerüljék. A Mengzi-ben több helyen megjelenő tézis valójában arra hivatott, hogy a praxisnak megfeleltetetten az uralom átrendeződéseit az „égi megbízatás” megváltozásával hozza összefüggésbe.A 4–3. század fordulójának időszakában előtérbe kerül a nyelvhasználat relevanciájának kérdése, nevezetesen, vajon a nyelvi terminusok képesek-e világossá tenni a valósághoz való viszonyt, vagy hiátus van a kettő között. Ha megvizsgáljuk a nevek (ming名) Mengzi-nél megjelenő felfogását, annak legfontosabb mondandója az, hogy a „nem-egyenes beszéd” árt a kormányzásnak és az ügyek vitelének. A kifejezések megállapításával és a terminusok tisztázásával az egész gondolatrendszer szilárd alapot kap, hiszen az „írja elő” az „emberséges kormányzást” (renzheng仁政).
Effects of Emerging Bipolar Magnetic Regions in Mean-field Dynamo Model of Solar Cycles 23 and 24
Authors: Pipin V. V. , Kosovichev A. G. , Tomin V. E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We model the physical parameters of Solar Cycles 23 and 24 using a nonlinear dynamical mean-field dynamo model that includes the formation and evolution of bipolar magnetic regions (BMRs). The Parker-type dynamo model consists of a complete MHD system in the mean-field formulation: the 3D magnetic induction equation, and 2D momentum and energy equations in the anelastic approximation. The initialization of BMRs is modeled in the framework of Parker’s magnetic buoyancy instability. It defines the depths of BMR injections, which are typically located at the edge of the global dynamo waves. The distribution with longitude and latitude and the size of the initial BMR perturbations are taken from the NOAA database of active regions. The modeling results are compared with various observed characteristics of the solar cycles. Only the BMR perturbations located in the upper half of the convection zone lead to magnetic active regions on the solar surface. While the BMRs initialized in the lower part of the convection zone do not emerge on the surface, they still affect the global dynamo process. Our results show that BMRs can play a substantial role in the dynamo processes and affect the strength of the solar cycles. However, the data driven model shows that the BMR’s effect alone cannot explain the weak Cycle 24. This weak cycle and the prolonged preceding minimum of magnetic activity were probably caused by a decrease of the turbulent helicity in the bulk of the convection zone during the decaying phase of Cycle 23.
Simulation of a Solar Jet Formed from an Untwisting Flux Rope Interacting with a Null Point
Authors: Zhu Jiahao , Guo Yang , Ding Mingde , Schmieder Brigitte 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Coronal jets are eruptions identified by a collimated, sometimes twisted spire. They are small-scale energetic events compared with flares. Using multiwavelength observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly and a magnetogram from Hinode/Spectro-Polarimeter (Hinode/SP), we study the formation and evolution of a jet occurring on 2019 March 22 in NOAA Active Region 12736. A zero-β magnetohydrodynamic simulation is conducted to probe the initiation mechanisms and appearance of helical motion during this jet event. As the simulation reveals, there are two pairs of field lines at the jet base, indicating two distinct magnetic structures. One structure outlines a flux rope lying low above the photosphere in the north of a bald patch region, and the other structure shows a null point high in the corona in the south. The untwisting motions of the observed flux rope were recovered by adding an anomalous (artificial) resistivity in the simulation. A reconnection occurs at the bald patch in the flux rope structure, which is moving upward and simultaneously encounters the field lines of the null point structure. The interaction of the two structures results in the jet, while the twist of the flux rope is transferred to the jet by the reconnected field lines. The rotational motion of the flux rope is proposed to be an underlying trigger of this process and responsible for helical motions in the jet spire.
Pickup Ion–Mediated Magnetic Reconnection in the Outer Heliosphere
Authors: Nakanotani M. , Zank G. P. , Zhao L.-L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Pickup ions (PUIs) play a crucial role in the heliosphere, contributing to the mediation of large-scale structures such as the distant solar wind, the heliospheric termination shock, and the heliopause. While magnetic reconnection is thought to be a common process in the heliosphere due to the presence of heliospheric current sheets, it is poorly understood how PUIs might affect the evolution of magnetic reconnection. Although it is reasonable to suppose that PUIs decrease the reconnection rate since the plasma beta becomes much larger than 1 when PUIs are included, we show for the first time that such a supposition is invalid and that PUI-induced turbulence, heat conduction, and viscosity can preferentially boost magnetic reconnection in heliospheric current sheets in the distant solar wind. This suggests that it is critical to include the effect of the turbulence, heat conduction, and viscosity caused by PUIs to understand the dynamics of magnetic reconnection in the outer heliosphere.
La finance dans tous ses États
Authors: Chalier Jonathan , Dujin Anne 
Published: May 2023

Les faillites récentes de banques ont réveillé le spectre d’une nouvelle crise financière. Les leçons de 2008 ont-elles été retenues ? La crise actuelle, marquée par une forte inflation, permet d’interroger la reconfiguration des rapports entre capitalisme financier et démocratie.
Roland Barthes, l’homosexuel ou la difficulté de s’exprimer
Authors: Marty Éric 
Published: May 2023

Malgré la fatalité sociale que le signifiant « homosexuel » fait peser sur lui, le sujet ne renonce pas à son désir. Roland Barthes joue avec ce signifiant selon une éthique du langage qui permet d’échapper à la Loi.
Vaginal Vault Infiltration with Bupivacaine for Postoperative Pain Control after Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Randomized control trial
Authors: Roy Kallol Kumar , Kanikaram Poojitha Kalyani , Singh* Nilanchali , Riwari Vimi , Zangmo Rinchen , Meena Jyoti , Das Anamika , Kashyap Deepika , Minz Archana 
Published: May 2023

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of local infiltration of anesthetic to the vaginal vault on postoperative pain after total laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Materials and Methods:
This was a single-center, randomized trial. Women assigned to laparoscopic hysterectomy were randomly divided into two groups. In the intervention group (n = 30), the vaginal cuff was infiltrated with 10 ml of bupivacaine, whereas the control group (n = 30) did not receive local anesthetic infiltration to vaginal vault. The primary outcome measure was to analyze the efficacy of bupivacaine infiltration in the study group by comparing the postoperative pain in both the groups at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h using pain visual analog scale (VAS). The secondary outcome was to measure the need for rescue opioid analgesia.

Results:
Group I (intervention group) had lesser mean VAS score at 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, and 24 h compared to Group II (control group). There was an additional requirement of opioid analgesia for postoperative pain in Group II than in Group I, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Injection of local anesthetic into the vaginal cuff increased the number of women experiencing only minor pain after laparoscopic hysterectomy and decreased postoperative opioid usage and its side effects. Local anesthesia of the vaginal cuff is safe and feasible.
Comparison of Laparoscopy and Laparotomy in the Management of Early-stage Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Garcia* Nuria Ginjaume , Moreno Cristina Soler , Teixeira Natalia , Lloret Pia Español , Guibourg Rocío Luna , Negre Ramon Rovira 
Published: May 2023

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of minimally invasive surgery for early-stage ovarian cancer (EOC) by comparing the surgical and survival outcomes between laparoscopy and laparotomy.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective, single-center observational study that included all patients who underwent surgical staging for EOC by laparoscopy or laparotomy between 2010 and 2019.

Results:
Forty-nine patients were included; of which 20 underwent laparoscopy, 26 laparotomy, and three conversion from laparoscopy to laparotomy. No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding operative time, number of lymph nodes dissected, or intraoperative tumor rupture rate, while estimated blood loss and transfusion requirements were lower in the laparoscopy group. The complication rate tended to be higher in the laparotomy group. Patients in the laparoscopy group had a faster recovery, with earlier urinary catheter and abdominal drain removal, shorter hospital stay, and a trend toward earlier tolerance of oral diet and mobilization. At a mean follow-up of 45.7 months, 14 patients had disease recurrence, with no differences in the mean progression-free survival between the two groups (36 months for laparoscopy vs. 35.5 months for laparotomy, P = 0.22).

Conclusion:
Laparoscopic surgery performed by a trained gynecological oncologist is a safe and effective surgical approach for comprehensive staging of EOC, with the additional benefits of a faster recovery compared to laparotomy.