bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fixel‐Based Analysis Reveals Whole‐Brain White Matter Abnormalities in Cervical Dystonia
Authors: Zito Giuseppe A. , Tarrano Clément , Ouarab Salim , Jegatheesan Prasanthi , Ekmen Asya , Béranger Benoît , Valabregue Romain , Hubsch Cécile , Sangla Sophie , Bonnet Cécilia , Delorme Cécile , Méneret Aurélie , Degos Bertrand , Bouquet Floriane , Apoil Brissard Marion , Vidailhet Marie , Hasboun Dominique , Worbe Yulia , Roze Emmanuel , Gallea Cécile 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCervical dystonia (CD) is a form of isolated focal dystonia typically associated to abnormal head, neck, and shoulder movements and postures. The complexity of the clinical presentation limits the investigation of its pathophysiological mechanisms, and the neural networks associated to specific motor manifestations are still the object of debate.ObjectivesWe investigated the morphometric properties of white matter fibers in CD and explored the networks associated with motor symptoms, while regressing out nonmotor scores.MethodsNineteen patients affected by CD and 21 healthy controls underwent diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging. We performed fixel‐based analysis, a novel method evaluating fiber orientation within specific fiber bundles, and compared fiber morphometric properties between groups. Moreover, we correlated fiber morphometry with the severity of motor symptoms in patients.ResultsCompared to controls, patients exhibited decreased white matter fibers in the right striatum. Motor symptom severity negatively correlated with white matter fibers passing through inferior parietal areas and the head representation area of the motor cortex.ConclusionsAbnormal white matter integrity at the basal ganglia level may affect several functional networks involved, for instance, in motor preparation and execution, visuomotor coordination, and multimodal integration. This may result in progressive maladaptive plasticity, culminating in overt symptoms of dystonia. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of testicular morphology and spermatogenesis in Gymnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotidae)
Authors: Sabrina Méndez Galarza , Gabriela Olea , Tania Blanco Cohene , Dante Perez , Carolina Flores Quintana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work aims to study the testicular morphology and spermatogenesis of Gymnotus carapo to provide information on their reproductive biology which is useful in managing this species as a fishing resource. The testicles were isolated and fixed in 10% formalin; subsequently, they were processed for scanning electron microscopy with conventional histological technique. To analyze the cell proliferation of germline cells and Sertoli cells, immunodetection of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein was performed. In G. carapo spermatogenesis, the spermatogenic line is organized into cysts. Spermatogonia A is characterized by more bigger and solitary cells. Spermatogonia B are smaller cells; their nucleus has a larger area concerning the cytoplasm and is grouped in tubules. Spermatocytes (I–II) are smaller than spermatogonia in the prophase of meiotic division. Spermatids are cells with dense, rounded nucleus. The sperm were found in the lumen of the tubule. By immunostaining PCNA, it was possible to observe the proliferative activity of germ line cells and Sertoli cells during the cyst reorganization phase. These results are the basis for future studies focusing on the analysis compared to females of the reproductive cycle of G. carapo.
Screening of silent myocardial ischaemia using a stress test in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Association with traditional risk factors and disease activity
Authors: Rouached Leila , Tekaya Rawdha , Ben Ayed Hiba , Bouden Selma , Ben Tekaya Aicha , Ben Ahmed Habib , Mahmoud Ines , Saidane Olfa , Abdelmoula Leila 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to screen the presence of silent myocardial ischaemia, in established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, using a stress test then to evaluate its association with the disease activity and the cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and Heartscore.MethodsIt is a transversal study in a rheumatologic centre in Tunisia. One hundred three RA patients, asymptomatic for CV diseases, were submitted to a stress test. Demographic data, CV risk factors and disease characteristics were assessed and risk factors of silent myocardial ischaemia in RA patients were identified.ResultsThere were 103 patients (sex‐ratio = 0.3) with a mean age of 53 ± 10 years. The evaluation of the disease activity showed that the mean Disease Activity Score in 28 joints C‐reactive protein, Clinical Disease Activity Index and Simplified Disease Activity Index were 3.9 ± 1.38, 17.17 ± 11.4 and 33.39 ± 26, respectively. The ischaemic ratio (CT/HDL) revealed that 42% of patients had a moderate to high myocardial ischaemic risk. HeartSCORE was high in 35% of cases. A silent myocardial ischaemia in the stress test was found in 11 patients (10.6%) and was associated with male sex (p = 0.03), advanced age (p = 0.04), erosive character (p = 0.05), the advanced age of the RA diagnosis (p = 0.01) and the ischaemic ratio (p = 0.05). No relationship was found with the majority of traditional CV risk factors nor with disease activity variables.ConclusionOur results corroborated the hypothesis that the stress test could reveal subclinical CV dysfunction and supported the utility of the Heartscore as a screening tool.
Plane‐strain model for large strain consolidation induced by vacuum‐assisted prefabricated horizontal drains
Authors: Song Ding‐Bao , Pu He‐Fu , Yin Zhen‐Yu , Min Ming , Qiu Jin‐Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVacuum‐assisted prefabricated horizontal drain (PHD) can be used to accelerate the consolidation process of dredged mud slurry with high water content, and this method exhibits advantages over traditional treatment methods that use prefabricated vertical drain (PVD). However, large‐strain model that can simulate soil consolidation induced by vacuum‐assisted PHDs is missing in the literature, although the large‐strain models for PVD‐induced radial consolidation are abundant. This study presents a piecewise‐linear plane‐strain model for large‐strain consolidation induced by vacuum‐assisted prefabricated horizontal drains. The model is called PCS, abbreviation for Plane‐strain Consolidation Settlement. PCS model can account for complex conditions including large strain, multiple layers of PHD boards, staged filling of soil layers, varying spacing of PHD boards, time‐dependent surcharge and/or vacuum loading, soil self‐weight, nonlinear compressibility, and hydraulic conductivity during the consolidation process, vertical and horizontal flows, and non‐Darcian flow. The PCS is validated using the two‐dimensional Terzaghi's consolidation theory (small strain) and a large‐scale laboratory model test (large strain), which involves multiple soil layers filled in stages, multiple PHD layers, and different horizontal spacings of PHD boards. Lastly, the proposed model is applied to a case study conducted at Shimokita Peninsula (Aomori Prefecture, Japan), where vacuum‐assisted PHDs have been used to treat the dredged mud slurry for a duration of 330 days.
Existence of optimally‐greatest digraphs for strongly connected node reliability
Authors: MacKeigan Kyle , Cox Danielle , Wright Emily 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a new model to study network reliability with node failures. This model, strongly connected node reliability, is the directed variant of node reliability and measures the probability that the operational vertices induce a subdigraph that is strongly connected. If we are restricted to directed graphs with vertices and or arcs, an optimally‐greatest digraph does not exist. Furthermore, we study optimally‐greatest directed circulant graphs when the vertices operate with probability near zero and near one. In particular, we show that the graph is optimally‐greatest for values of near zero. Then, we determine that the graph is optimally‐greatest for values of near one when is even. Next, we show that the graph is optimally‐greatest for values of near one when is odd and not divisible by three and that is optimally‐greatest for values of near one when is odd and divisible by three. We conclude with a discussion of open problems.
Validation of post‐traumatic growth inventory in mothers with the experience of having the NICU‐Hospitalized newborns “validation of post‐traumatic growth inventory”
Authors: Bayrami Nahid , Rassouli Maryam , Shirinabadi Farahani Azam , Heidarzadeh Mehdi , Khademi Fatemeh , Tajlli Salehe , Babaie Mohadese , Masoum poor Anahita , Hatamipour Khadijeh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsInvestigating post‐traumatic growth (PTG) in mothers with the experience of having a preterm newborn hospitalized in the NICU requires a valid tool. This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the Farsi version of the post‐traumatic growth inventory (PTGI) in mothers with the experience of having their newborns hospitalized in the NICU.DesignThis study was methodological research.MethodsIn this study, 250 mothers who had newborns with a history of NICU hospitalization during the last 3 to 12 months and had visited paediatric clinics of the selected hospitals in Tehran with the aim of having their children's condition examined were selected through convenience sampling. The data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire and PTGI. The face validity, the construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis), and the internal consistency reliability of the inventory were measured using SPSS V22 and LISREL V8.8.ResultsAccording to appropriate values for factor analysis fit indices (FI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.07, IFI = 0.94, NFI = 0.93, RFI = 0.91, NNFI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.07), 21 items and 5 factors were confirmed for this inventory. Furthermore, Cronbach's alpha coefficient of this inventory was measured as α = 0.94.ConclusionAccording to favourable psychometric properties, the Farsi version of PTGI is a suitable tool for studying PTG in mothers with the experience of having preterm newborns in the NICU. Using PTGI can help nurses in planning family‐centered care interventions to reduce the impact of the mental trauma caused by the preterm newborn's hospitalization in parents.Patient or Public ContributionMothers who had newborns with a history of NICU hospitalization during the last 3–12 months.
Geographic differences in the magnitude of black‐white disparities in having obesity
Authors: Cohen Steven A. , Brown Monique J. , Xu Furong , Nash Caitlin C. , Greaney Mary L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundObesity disparities in the United States are well documented, but the limited body of research suggests that geographic factors may alter the magnitude of these disparities. A growing body of evidence has identified a “rural mortality penalty” where morbidity and mortality rates are higher in rural than urban areas, even after controlling for other factors. Black‐White differences in health and mortality are more pronounced in rural areas than in urban areas.ObjectiveTherefore, the purpose of this study was to explore how rural‐urban status and region moderate Black‐White health disparities in obesity.MethodsData were abstracted from the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, with the sample being restricted to Black and White respondents (n = 403,231). Respondents’ county of residence was linked to US Census information to obtain the county‐level Index of Relative Rurality (IRR) and Census division. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models were utilized to assess the magnitude of Black‐White disparities in having obesity (yes/no) by IRR quartile and by Census division.ResultsOverall, Black‐White differences in obesity were wider in rural than in urban counties, with a significant linear trend (p < 0.001). Furthermore, when stratified by US Census division, results revealed that disparities were significantly wider in rural than urban areas for respondents living in the Middle Atlantic and South Atlantic divisions. In contrast, the association was reversed for the remaining divisions (New England, East North Central, West North Central, Mountain, and Pacific), where the magnitude of the Black‐White difference was the largest in urban areas.ConclusionFindings highlight the need to understand and account for critical place‐based factors that exacerbate racial obesity disparities to develop and maximize the effectiveness of policies and programs designed to reduce racial inequalities and improve population health.
Postbuckling behavior and failure prediction of large‐size composite C‐beam under bending‐shear coupling load
Authors: Zhao Ziyu , Yang Tong , Zhang Fa , Ma Pibo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, a novel experimental device that combines bending and shearing was proposed to investigate the load‐bearing performance of large‐size C‐beam structures against bending‐shear buckling, allowing for the adjustment of bending‐shearing ratio. Three different bending‐shear coupling conditions were performed for test loading, and the strain gauges were carried out to detect the strain distribution for postbuckling performance of the large‐size C‐beam. The finite element models were established by ABAQUS/Explicit to explore the stress distribution and damage evolution during postbuckling failure. Thereafter, the LaRC05 and Hashin criterion was used for failure prediction of the large‐size C‐beam in numerical simulations. The experiment results show that the large‐size C‐beam has excellent postbuckling bearing capacity regardless of bending or shear resistance. Based on the results, the failure numerical model considering the stress distribution in postbuckling and the finite element calculation were in good agreement with experiments. This study can offer a practical reference for the postbuckling performance of large‐size C‐beam structures after bending‐shear coupling.
Hydrocortisone versus vasopressin for the management of adult patients with septic shock refractory to norepinephrine: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Kulesza Steven , Gignac Lindsey , Colvin C. Allis , Boll Skyler , Giuliano Christopher , Haan Bradley , Allen Bryan , Perez Mary M. , Allen Monica , Edwin Stephanie B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectiveSignificant practice variation exists when selecting between hydrocortisone and vasopressin as second line agents in patients with septic shock in need of escalating doses of norepinephrine. The goal of this study was to assess differences in clinical outcomes between these two agents.DesignMulticenter, retrospective, observational study.SettingTen Ascension Health hospitals.PatientsAdult patients with presumed septic shock receiving norepinephrine prior to study drug initiation between December 2015 and August 2021.InterventionVasopressin (0.03–0.04 units/min) or hydrocortisone (200–300 mg/day).Measurements and Main ResultsA total of 768 patients were included with a median (interquartile range) SOFA score of 10 (8–13), norepinephrine dose of 0.3 mcg/kg/min (0.1–0.5 mcg/kg/min), and lactate of 3.8 mmol/L (2.4–7.0 mmol/L) at initiation of the study drug. A significant difference in 28‐day mortality was noted favoring hydrocortisone as an adjunct to norepinephrine after controlling for potential confounding factors (OR 0.46 [95% CI, 0.32–0.66]); similar results were seen following propensity score matching. Compared to vasopressin, hydrocortisone initiation was also associated with a higher rate of hemodynamic responsiveness (91.9% vs. 68.2%, p < 0.01), improved resolution of shock (68.8% vs. 31.5%, p < 0.01), and reduced recurrence of shock within 72 h (8.7% vs. 20.7%, p < 0.01).ConclusionsAddition of hydrocortisone to norepinephrine was associated with a lower 28‐day mortality in patients with septic shock, compared to the addition of vasopressin.
Enhanced Academic Support for children in child welfare services: Results and lessons learned from a pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kirkøen Benedicte , Engell Thomas , Follestad Ingvild B. , Holen Solveig , Hagen Kristine A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEnhanced Academic Support (EAS) is an intervention designed to improve academic achievement among children who receive support from the child welfare services (CWSs) in the home. We investigated the effects of EAS in a randomized controlled trial in Norway. In total, 82 families who received support from the CWS were included in the study (37 in the intervention group, 45 in the comparison group). Both groups were invited to a pretest, posttest, and follow‐up measure of the children's math and reading skills, their teachers' evaluation of their academic competence, and of parental involvement in children's education. CWS workers, parents, and children reported the dosage of academic support received. In the intervention group, 48% of families received the threshold dosage of EAS needed for the intervention to be considered as delivered. There were no statistically significant differences between the intervention and comparison group on the children's math and reading skills, or their teachers' evaluation of the children's academic competence. Given the variation in intervention delivery and the limited statistical power, limited conclusions about the effect of EAS can be made. Important lessons from implementation in CWS and on conducting a pragmatic randomized trial are discussed.
Molecular mobility and morphology change of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) film as induced by plasticizer glycerol
Authors: Fei Weihang , Wu Zishuo , Cheng Hong , Xiong Yuqi , Chen Wei , Meng Lingpu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe addition of small molecular plasticizer is an efficient strategy to increase the process ability and macroscopic performance of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). However, how the plasticizer influences the chain dynamics and morphology deserves further investigation. In this work, the PVA film with varying glycerol addition levels was used as the model system. The increasing glycerol addition‐level results in the depression of the melting temperature and crystallization temperature, which in line with Flory's theory. The enhanced chain dynamics in the mobile domain was accessed by low‐field NMR, whereas that in the crystalline region remains constant. The domain size as well as the morphology of the mobile phase are accessed by 1H spin‐diffusion NMR. The results indicate the increasing dimensionality of the plasticized PVA film with increasing the addition level of glycerol, where the addition level below 25 wt% leads to the dimensionality of 1D, and higher than 25 wt% results in the dimensionality of 2D. Current results elucidate the critical role of the plasticizer in modulating the dynamics heterogeneity of the plasticized polymer film, which is closely related to the macroscopic performance of the products.
Discovery and validation of serum glycoprotein biomarkers for high grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Dutt Mriga , Hartel Gunter , Richards Renee S. , Shah Alok K. , Mohamed Ahmed , Apostolidou Sophia , Gentry‐Maharaj Aleksandra ,   Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Hooper John D. , Perrin Lewis C. , Menon Usha , Hill Michelle M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to identify serum glycoprotein biomarkers for early detection of high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), the most common and aggressive histotype of ovarian cancer.Experimental designThe glycoproteomics pipeline lectin magnetic bead array (LeMBA)‐mass spectrometry (MS) was used in age‐matched case‐control serum samples. Clinical samples collected at diagnosis were divided into discovery (n = 30) and validation (n = 98) sets. We also analysed a set of preclinical sera (n = 30) collected prior to HGSOC diagnosis in the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening.ResultsA 7‐lectin LeMBA‐MS/MS discovery screen shortlisted 59 candidate proteins and three lectins. Validation analysis using 3‐lectin LeMBA‐multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) confirmed elevated A1AT, AACT, CO9, HPT and ITIH3 and reduced A2MG, ALS, IBP3 and PON1 glycoforms in HGSOC. The best performing multimarker signature had 87.7% area under the receiver operating curve, 90.7% specificity and 70.4% sensitivity for distinguishing HGSOC from benign and healthy groups. In the preclinical set, CO9, ITIH3 and A2MG glycoforms were altered in samples collected 11.1 ± 5.1 months prior to HGSOC diagnosis, suggesting potential for early detection.Conclusions and clinical relevanceOur findings provide evidence of candidate early HGSOC serum glycoprotein biomarkers, laying the foundation for further study in larger cohorts.
PSMA‐heterogeneity in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: Circulating tumor cells, metastatic tumor burden, and response to targeted radioligand therapy
Authors: Derlin Thorsten , Riethdorf Sabine , Schumacher Udo , Lafos Marcel , Peine Sven , Coith Cornelia , Ross Tobias L. , Pantel Klaus , Bengel Frank M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe explored the interrelation between prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and that of solid metastatic lesions as determined by whole‐body PSMA‐targeted positron emission tomography (PET) to refine the prediction of response to subsequent PSMA‐targeted radioligand therapy (RLT).MethodsA prospective study was performed in 20 patients with advanced mCRPC. Of these, 16 underwent subsequent RLT with [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA‐617 at a dose of 7.4 GBq every 6–8 weeks. PSMA expression on CTCs using the CellSearch system was compared to clinical and serological results, and to marker expression in targeted imaging and available histological sections of prostatectomy specimens (19% of RLT patients). Clinical outcome was obtained after two cycles of RLT.ResultsMarked heterogeneity of PSMA expression was observed already at first diagnosis in available histological specimens. Targeted whole‐body imaging also showed heterogeneous inter‐ and intra‐patient PSMA expression between metastases. Heterogeneity of CTC PSMA expression was partially paralleled by heterogeneity of whole‐body tumor burden PSMA expression. Twenty percent of CTC samples showed no PSMA expression, despite unequivocal PSMA expression of solid metastases at PET. A high fraction of PSMA‐negative CTCs emerged as the sole predictor of poor RLT response (odds ratio [OR]: 0.9379 [95% confidence interval, CI, 0.8558–0.9902]; p = 0.0160), and was prognostic for both shorter progression‐free survival (OR: 1.236 [95% CI, 1.035–2.587]; p = 0.0043) and overall survival (OR: 1.056 [95% CI, 1.008–1.141]; p = 0.0182).ConclusionThis proof‐of‐principle study suggests that liquid biopsy for CTC PSMA expression is complementary to PET for individual PSMA phenotyping of mCRPC.