bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes—East and West
Authors: Imagawa Akihisa , Hanafusa Toshiaki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fulminant type 1 diabetes is a subtype of type 1 diabetes in which beta cells are destroyed within days or a few weeks. The first criterion indicates a rise in blood glucose levels shown in the patient’s history. The second suggests that the increase occurs suddenly within a very short period, as shown by the laboratory findings of the discrepancy between the glycated hemoglobin concentration and plasma glucose level. The third indicates a marked reduction in endogenous insulin secretion, which indicates almost complete destruction of beta cells. Fulminant type 1 diabetes is a common subtype in East Asian countries, including Japan, but rare in Western countries. Class II human leukocyte antigen and other genetic factors may have contributed to the skewed distribution. Environmental factors may also be involved including entero and herpes viruses and immune regulation during drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome; pregnancy may also affect it. In contrast, treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor of the anti-programmed cell death 1 antibody induces similar characteristics and incidence of diabetes as fulminant type 1 diabetes. Further studies are needed to clarify the etiology and clinical characteristics of fulminant type 1 diabetes. Although the incidence of this disease differs between the East and West, it is life-threatening; thus, it is important to diagnose fulminant type 1 diabetes without delay and treat it appropriately.
Associations Between Fatigue and Endocrine and Non-endocrine Health Problems in Turner Syndrome: Cohort Study and Review
Authors: Rosenberg Anna G W , Dingemans Veerle D A , Bos-Roubos Anja G , Luijks Sanne , Dessens Arianne B , Dykgraaf Ramon , Roos-Hesselink Jolien W , Van Rossum Elisabeth F C , Van Der Lely Aart J , De Graaff Laura C G 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context
Turner syndrome (TS) is a rare chromosomal disorder characterized by gonadal dysfunction, short stature, and heart defects, among other features. Women with TS often suffer from severe fatigue, for which they are typically referred to endocrinologists. The diagnostic work-up is generally time-consuming and invasive, and it rarely solves the problem. To prevent the personal and financial burden of unnecessary diagnostic procedures, it is crucial to understand fatigue in TS.

Objective
To explore the association between fatigue and endocrine and non-endocrine comorbidities in a—for rare disorders—large group of women with TS.

Methods
170 genetically confirmed women with TS who attended the TS Reference Center underwent a systematic health screening, including a structured interview, complete physical examination, biochemical measurements, perceived stress and fatigue questionnaires, and additional tests when indicated.

Results
Median (interquartile range) age was 32.6 (23.9-41.4) years. Severe fatigue was experienced by 1 in 3 women with TS. Liver enzyme disturbances and body mass index were significantly associated with higher fatigue scores. Perceived stress was highly correlated with fatigue.

Conclusion
There was no association between fatigue and most endocrine and non-endocrine disorders, which implies that fatigue is only partly explained by somatic disorders. The high correlation between perceived stress and fatigue suggests that TS-related neuropsychological processes may play an important role in the etiology of fatigue in women with TS. We provide a practical algorithm for the endocrine, non-endocrine, and psychological approach to fatigue in women with TS.
Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Fat Mass and Lipids on Sedentary Time, Light PA, and MVPA with Inflammation in Youth
Authors: Agbaje Andrew O 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context
Inflammation has been associated with atherosclerosis and metabolic disorders in youth. Preventing inflammation through exposure to different accelerometer-based movement behaviors has not been longitudinally examined.

Objective
This work aimed to examine the mediating role of fat mass, lipids, and insulin resistance on the associations of cumulative sedentary time (ST), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with inflammation.

Methods
From the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, United Kingdom, 792 children with data on at least 2 time-point measures of accelerometer-based ST, LPA, and MVPA during age 11, 15, and 24 years follow-up clinic visits with complete high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) measures at age 15, 17, and 24 years were studied. Mediating associations were examined using structural equation models. When the magnitude of the association between the exposure and outcome is increased after including a third variable, suppression occurred but mediation if decreased.

Results
Among 792 (58% female; mean [SD] age at baseline, 11.7 [0.2] years), ST increased, LPA decreased, and MVPA had a U-shaped increase while hsCRP increased during 13-year follow-up. Insulin resistance partly suppressed (23.5% suppression) the positive associations of ST with hsCRP among participants who were overweight/obese. Fat mass partly mediated (30% mediation) the negative associations of LPA with hsCRP. Fat mass had a 77% mediation effect on the negative associations of MVPA with hsCRP.

Conclusion
ST worsens inflammation, but increased LPA had a 2-fold inflammatory-lowering effect and was more resistant to the attenuating effect of fat mass compared with MVPA, and hence should be targeted in future interventions.
Percutaneous cholecystostomy as a definitive treatment for acute acalculous cholecystitis: clinical outcomes and risk factors for recurrent cholecystitis
Authors: Do Yoon Ah , Yoon Chang Jin , Lee Jae Hwan , Choi Won Seok , Lee Chong-ho 
Published: June 2023

Objective: To investigate the outcomes of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) as a definitive treatment for acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) and to identify the risk factors for cholecystitis recurrence after catheter removal. Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2017, 124 patients who had undergone PC as definitive treatment for moderate or severe AAC. The initial clinical success, complications, and recurrent cholecystitis after PC removal were retrospectively assessed. Twenty-one relevant variables were analyzed to identify risk factors for recurrent cholecystitis. Results: Clinical effectiveness was achieved in 107 patients (86.3%) at 3 days and in all patients (100%) at 5 days after PC placement. Six Grade 2 adverse events occurred, including catheter dislodgement (n = 3) and clogging (n = 3), which required catheter exchange. The PC catheter was removed in 123 patients (99.2%), with a median indwelling duration of 18 days (range 5–116 days). During the follow-up period (median, 1624 days; range, 40–4945 days), five patients experienced recurrent cholecystitis (4.1%). The cumulative recurrence rates were 3.3%, 4.1%, and 4.1% at 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that an age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (aCCI)≥7 positively correlated with recurrence (OR, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–3.64; p = 0.029). Conclusions: Definitive PC is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with AAC. The PC catheters can be safely removed in most patients. An aCCI≥7 was a risk factor for cholecystitis recurrence after catheter removal. Advances in knowledge: 1. Percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) is a safe and effective as a definitive treatment in patients with acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC). 2. PC can be safely removed after recover from AAC in the majority of patients (99.2%) with low rate of recurrence of cholecystitis (4.1%). 3. Age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index ≥7 was a risk factor for recurrence of cholecystitis after PC removal.
Considerations for an ideal post-surgical wound dressing aligned with antimicrobial stewardship objectives: a scoping review
Authors: Ousey Karen , Rippon Mark G , Rogers Alan A , Totty Joshua P 
Published: June 2023

Objective:Most surgical wounds heal by primary or secondary intention. Surgical wounds can present specific and unique challenges including wound dehiscence and surgical site infection (SSI), either of which can increase risk of morbidity and mortality. The use of antimicrobials to treat infection in these wounds is prevalent, but there is now an imperative to align treatment with reducing antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). The aim of this review was to explore the published evidence identifying general considerations/criteria for an ideal post-surgical wound dressing in terms of overcoming potential wound healing challenges (including infection) while supporting AMS objectives.Method:A scoping review examining evidence published from 1954–2021, conducted by two authors acting independently. Results were synthesised narratively and have been reported in line with PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews.Results:A total of 819 articles were initially identified and subsequently filtered to 178 for inclusion in the assessment. The search highlighted six key outcomes of interest associated with post-surgical wound dressings: wound infection; wound healing; physical attributes related to comfort, conformability and flexibility; fluid handling (e.g., blood and exudate); pain; and skin damage.Conclusion:There are several challenges that can be overcome when treating a post-surgical wound with a dressing, not least the prevention and treatment of SSIs. However, it is imperative that the use of antimicrobial wound dressings is aligned with AMS programmes and alternatives to active antimicrobials investigated.
Clinical correlates of pain in adults with hard-to-heal leg ulcers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Schmidt Luke J , Parker Christina N , Parker Tony J , Finlayson Kathleen J 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Pain is a complex symptom associated with hard-to-heal (chronic) leg ulcers that is often poorly managed. The objective of this study was to gain greater understanding by investigating relationships between physical and psychosocial factors, and pain severity in adults with hard-to-heal leg ulcers. Method: A secondary analysis of data collected for a longitudinal, observational study of adults with hard-to-heal leg ulcers was undertaken. Data were collected over a 24-week period, including variables relating to sociodemographics, clinical variables, medical status, health, ulcer and vascular histories, and psychosocial measures. Multiple linear regression modelling was used to determine the independent influences of these variables on pain severity, as measured with a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Results: Of 142 participants who were recruited, 109 met the inclusion criteria for this study, of whom: 43.1% had venous ulcers; 41.3% had mixed ulcers; 7.3% had arterial ulcers; and 8.3% had ulcers from some other cause. The final model explained 37% (adjusted r2=0.370) of the variation in the pain NRS scores. Controlling for analgesic use, salbutamol use (p=0.005), clinical signs of infection (p=0.027) and ulcer severity (p=0.001) were significantly associated with increased pain, while the presence of diabetes (p=0.007) was significantly associated with a decrease in pain. Conclusion: Pain is a highly complex and pervasive symptom associated with hard-to-heal leg ulcers. Novel variables were identified as being associated with pain in this population. The model also included wound type as a variable; however, despite being significantly correlated to pain at the bivariate level of analysis, in the final model, the variable did not reach significance. Of the variables included in the model, salbutamol use was the second most significant. This is a unique finding that, to the authors' knowledge, has not been previously reported or studied. Further research is required to better understand these findings and pain in general.
Professional development and academic satisfaction from a wound programme in Latin America: 10 years of experience
Authors: Chico-Barba Gabriela , Jiménez-Limas Karime , López-Hernández Blanca , Murad-Robles Yolanda , González-Mier María José , Bonilla Alejandra , Vila-Zepeda Alejandra , Rubilar Ximena 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Latin America had only one Spanish-speaking postgraduate academic programme on managing wounds and ostomies until 2021. Since then, two more programmes have been developed; one in Colombia and another in Mexico. Therefore, studying alumni outcomes becomes highly relevant. We aimed to describe the alumni's professional development and academic satisfaction from a Wound, Ostomy and Burn Therapy postgraduate programme in Mexico City, Mexico. Method: An electronic survey was sent to all alumni from January–July 2019 from the School of Nursing of Universidad Panamericana. Employability, academic development and satisfaction following completion of the academic programme were evaluated. Results: From 88 respondents, 77 of whom were nurses, 86 (97.7%) answered that they were working, and 86.4% were working in an area related to the studied programme. Regarding general satisfaction, 88% were totally satisfied/satisfied with the programme and 93.2% would recommend it. Conclusion: Alumni from the Wound, Ostomy and Burn Therapy postgraduate programme are satisfied with the academic curriculum and have good professional development, demonstrated by a high employment rate.
Photonic integration platform for rubidium sensors and beyond
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Shen Boqiang , Tran Minh A. , Lee Woonghee , Asawa Kaustubh , Kim Glenn , Shen Yang , Morin Theodore J. , Malik Aditya , Bowers John E. , Komljenovic Tin , Zhang Chong 
Published: June 2023

We have advanced the heterogeneous silicon nitride photonic platform, enabling operation at the 780 nm wavelength range for rubidium sensors and other applications while remaining operable at high temperatures up to 110∘C. This platform surpasses other existing technologies with the superior integration of a comprehensive set of active building-block devices to enable fully integrated high-performance systems-on-a-chip.
Sitagliptin therapy improves myocardial perfusion and arteriolar collateralization in chronically ischemic myocardium: A pilot study
Authors: Sabe Sharif A. , Harris Dwight Douglas , Broadwin Mark , Sabra Mohamed , Xu Cynthia M. , Banerjee Debolina , Abid M. Ruhul , Sellke Frank W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i) may be cardioprotective based on several small animal and clinical studies, though randomized control trials have demonstrated limited benefit. Given these discrepant findings, the role of these agents in chronic myocardial disease, particularly in the absence of diabetes, is still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of sitagliptin, a DPP4i, on myocardial perfusion and microvessel density in a clinically relevant large animal model of chronic myocardial ischemia. Normoglycemic Yorkshire swine underwent ameroid constrictor placement to the left circumflex artery to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Two weeks later, pigs received either no drug (CON, n = 8) or 100 mg oral sitagliptin (SIT) daily (n = 5). Treatment continued for 5 weeks, followed by hemodynamic measurements, euthanasia, and tissue harvest of ischemic myocardium. There were no significant differences in myocardial function between CON and SIT as measured by stroke work (p > 0.5), cardiac output (p = 0.22), and end‐systolic elastance (p = 0.17). SIT was associated with increased absolute blood flow at rest (17% increase, IQR 12–62, p = 0.045) and during pacing (89% increase, IQR 83–105, p = 0.002). SIT was also associated with improved arteriolar density (p = 0.045) compared with CON, without changes in capillary density (p = 0.72). SIT was associated with increased expression of pro‐arteriogenic markers MCP‐1 (p = 0.003), TGFß (p = 0.03), FGFR1 (p = 0.002), and ICAM‐1 (p = 0.03), with a trend toward an increase in the ratio of phosphorylated/active PLCγ1 to total PLCγ1 (p = 0.11) compared with CON. In conclusion, in chronically ischemic myocardium, sitagliptin improves myocardial perfusion and arteriolar collateralization via the activation of pro‐arteriogenic signaling pathways.
Debt Sustainability in the Emerging New EU Fiscal Framework: A Major Change
Authors: Alcidi Cinzia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
If agreed, the new European Commission legislative proposals on the reform of the fiscal framework will represent a major change. First and foremost debt replaces budget deficit as central variable, and debt sustainability assessment becomes a pivotal concept. It allows to introduce a multiannual approach and more flexible framework disconnected from numerical rules, which, in principle, gives member states greater ownership but also greater responsibility for their choices. It can only work if member states recognise that debt sustainability assessment is a risk-management tool that has to be taken seriously.
Design and analysis of solar hybrid battery swapping station
Authors: Chawrasia Sandeep Kumar , Chanda Chandan Kumar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Electric vehicles are in vogue nowadays and it has been gaining some ground in India after Tesla entered into the Indian automobile market. Electric vehicles do not require conventional fuel sources such as fuel, oil, etc., so they do not pollute the environment. BLDC motors are used as the motor of electric vehicles, as they provide a higher speed as well as higher efficiency as compared to other motors. Since the vehicles are powered electrically, it is imperative for us to charge the vehicles just like cell phones. Just like fuel cars have fuel stations for filling up fuel for the operation of vehicles, there must also be battery charging or swapping stations for charging the battery of electric vehicles. This paper would determine how we must charge the electric vehicle using solar along with the traditional grid charging architecture. These two must work in tandem to provide the necessary electrical power to assuring the sufficiently charged battery at the swapping station for uninterrupted use of electric vehicles even in emergency cases. Here, the solar PV along with the traditional grid (Renewable and Conventional both respectively) is used to charge the battery at the swapping station, so it is named a hybrid battery swapping station (HBSS). Also, the concept of charging the battery packs in batches with scheduling is used which reduces the installation cost and the area requirement for the swapping stations compared to other existing battery swapping stations (BSS) or battery charging stations (BCS).
Scaling Scalia: problems for Scalia’s legal theory
Authors: Huffine Nathan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAntonin Scalia’s theory of judicial interpretation remains highly relevant in the legal landscape. This paper proposes three problems with Scalia’s textualism-originalism that have yet to be adequately addressed in the legal philosophical literature. The problems are consecutively introduced as theMadisonian Problem, thePromulgation Problem, and theFairness Problem. To explain these problems, I rely upon an understanding of coherent justification conceptualized by Keith Lehrer, and I utilize Feinbergian and Hobbesian modes of analysis. Key components of Scalia’s textualism-originalism will be developed using Scalia’s public discourse as well as Scalia’s dissent inMorrison v Olsen. Following the three problems, to be proposed in the style of the Lehrerian Critic, I will counter objections to my arguments as well as argue against an alternative form of criticizing Scalia.
Failure of Connecting Clamps in Electrical Terminal Blocks
Authors: Neidel A. , Fischer B. , Giller M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The failure of fastening elements in electrical terminal blocks was attributed to various material-related causes. While the casehardened terminal screws broke due to hydrogen embrittlement, the material-related cause of the plastic deformations of the roof-shaped washers and the stripping of the threads of the square nuts are undersizing and an insufficient strength for this particular application.
Die vielen Hände des Émile Gallé: Produktionsszenarien der Glaskunst um 1900 zwischen Hand, Kopf und Maschine
Authors: Kuhn Léa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This essay examines the display of artistic labour embedded in Émile Gallé's glass objects. As a starting point, it takes the telling discrepancy between Gallé's representation as an artist working in the solitude of his studio in the well-known portrait painted by Victor Prouvé in 1892 and the actual involvement of many hands organized under a strict division of labour in his glass manufactory. His glass objects thus exist somewhere between the logic of the singular work of art and that of serial production. The essay looks closely at Gallé's exhibition practice at the Salon du Champ-de-Mars as well as at his public statements about the making of his glass works in order to trace contemporary negotiations of the relationship between art and industry and, more broadly, notions of what constituted an adequate modern art around 1900.
Augmented Species: Digitale Ökofiktionen als Strategie künstlerischen Engagements
Authors: Ströbele Ursula 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The essay aims to explore how eco-fiction unfolds speculative futures of potential worlds in digital images and how this acts as a strategy of artistic engagement, following György Kepes's demand for “ecological consciousness.” Using Tamiko Thiel, Jakob Kudsk Steensen, Sofia Crespo and Feileacan McCormick as well as and Sommerer and Mignonneau as examples, the article shows how artists are turning away from the seemingly dystopian narrative of the Anthropocene in favor of positive and playful narratives via digital eco-fiction. Their works formulate a claim of artistic commitment which is to be methodically and historically reflected and critically questioned with regard to the seductive branching off into parallel illusory worlds. Opposed to the immediacy and promise of authenticity of “real nature,” their programmed, fabulated imaginary worlds lead to an overlapping of different realities.
Effects of Steel Slag and Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum on the Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Grouting Materials
Authors: Wei Jing , Liu Jiesheng , Zhang Man , Feng Bowen , Chen Yaohua , Wang Lei , Wang Zhen , Fu Wanwan , Peng Hao , Lu Haijun , Tan Xiaoming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the performance of steel slag (SS) and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum modified metakaolin-based geopolymer (MGP) was studied for the purpose of industrial solid waste reuse, and a new geopolymer grouting material was obtained. The setting time, fluidity, bulk density, and compressive strength of MGP containing different mass contents of solid waste materials were studied through a series of tests. In addition, the microstructure mechanism of MGP was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope. The results show that the setting time of MGP increases with the increase of SS content, whereas the setting time decreases with the increase of FGD content. The addition of SS or FGD slightly reduces the fluidity of MGP. Adding an appropriate amount of SS to MGP can significantly improve the later compressive strength of the specimen, whereas adding an appropriate amount of FGD can improve the compressive strength of the specimen, especially the early compressive strength. When the SS content was 4 %, the hardened MGP exhibited the best properties in compressive strength and bulk density. The formation of amorphous geopolymer gel products in MGP matrix was promoted by the addition of SS and FGD. These results will be beneficial to the production of new environmentally friendly and low-cost MGP grouting materials, which can improve the comprehensive utilization level of SS and FGD and achieve the purpose of protecting the ecological environment.