bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between sexual and bladder dysfunction in women consuming ketamine
Authors: Jong Bor-En , Chang Shang-Jen , Li Chia-Hua , Yang Stephen Shei-Dei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough ketamine has become the second most popular recreational drug in Taiwan, there have been very few reported studies that investigated female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in ketamine abusers (KAs).AimsWe sought to compare the difference between street and hospital KAs and explored the risk factors for FSD and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in KAs.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, female KAs aged 18 years or older were invited to complete anonymous questionnaires during an educational course provided by the departments of substance control and prevention of the local government or under the instruction of medical providers at a urology clinic. Data were reported as median (IQR) and OR and analyzed with commercial statistical software.OutcomesKey outcome measurements were illicit drug use history, FSD symptoms, and LUTS severity.ResultsWe included 139 women (104 street and 35 hospital KAs) with a median age of 27.08 years. FSD was reported in 76% of all the participants (street vs hospital KAs, 68% vs 97%, P &lt; 0.001). LUTS (Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index [ICSI] + Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index [ICPI] ≥12) was found to be a significant risk factor for FSD in KAs. More hospital KAs (71%) reported experiencing LUTS (ICSI + ICPI ≥12) than street KAs (8%, P &lt; 0.001). Longer duration of ketamine use (≥36 months) and mild to severe psychological symptoms (5-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale [BSRS-5] ≥6) were significant risk factors for LUTS.Clinical ImplicationsSexual problems among KAs should not be overlooked since more severe sexual dysfunction was observed in patients reporting LUTS.Strengths and LimitationsTo our knowledge, the present study is the largest study using validated and reliable questionnaires to examine FSD in KAs and also the first study to include street KAs. The main limitation of this study is using self-report questionnaires as they are subjective and susceptible to human errors and recall biases.ConclusionsWomen who abused ketamine and reported experiencing LUTS were found to be more likely to have FSD.
Deontic meta-rules
Authors: Olivieri Francesco , Governatori Guido , Cristani Matteo , Rotolo Antonino , Sattar Abdul 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The use of meta-rules in logic, i.e., rules whose content includes other rules, has recently gained attention in the setting of non-monotonic reasoning: a first logical formalisation and efficient algorithms to compute the (meta)-extensions of such theories were proposed in Olivieri et al. (2021, Computing defeasible meta-logic. In JELIA 2021, LNCS, vol. 12678, pp. 69–84. Springer.). This work extends such a logical framework by considering the deontic aspect. The resulting logic will not just be able to model policies but also tackle well-known aspects that occur in numerous legal systems. The use of Defeasible Logic to model meta-rules in the application area we just alluded to has been investigated. Within this line of research, the study mentioned above was not focusing on the general computational properties of meta-rules.
This study fills this gap with two major contributions. First, we introduce and formalise two variants of Defeasible Deontic Logic (DDL) with meta-rules to represent (i) defeasible meta-theories with deontic modalities and (ii) two different types of conflicts among rules: Simple Conflict DDL and Cautious Conflict DDL. Second, we advance efficient algorithms to compute the extensions for both variants.
Epidemiology ofSaccharomycesfungemia: A systematic review
Authors: Vinayagamoorthy Kalaiselvi , Pentapati Kalyana Chakravarthy , Prakash Hariprasath 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFungemia due to Saccharomyces species is reported in considerable numbers, and the increase is attributed to using Saccharomyces boulardii probiotics in clinical settings. The present systematic review addresses the underlying diseases and risk factors in Saccharomyces fungemia patients, along with the treatment and outcome of the disease. The MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched systematically with appropriate keywords from June 2005 to March 2022. This review identified 117 Saccharomyces fungemia cases; 108 cases were included in the analysis. Saccharomyces fungemia is commonly seen in patients treated with S. boulardii probiotics (n = 73, 67.6%), and 35 (32.4%) patients did not receive probiotic therapy. The underlying disease and risk factors significantly associated with S. boulardii probiotic-associated fungemia were intensive care unit stay (n = 34, 31.5%), total parenteral nutrition or enteral feeding (n = 32, 29.6%), patients with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea (n = 23, 21.3%), and diabetes mellitus (n = 14, 13.0%). In patients without probiotic therapy, immunosuppression (n = 14, 13.0%), gastrointestinal surgery (n = 5, 4.6%), and intravenous drug use (n = 5, 4.6%) were the significant risk factors for Saccharomyces fungemia. The all-cause mortality rate of the total cohort is 36.1%. No significant variation in the mortality rate is observed between S. boulardii probiotic treated patients (n = 29, 26.9%) and patients without probiotic therapy (n = 10, 9.3%). In conclusion, S. boulardii probiotic therapy in debilitated critical care patients may have contributed to increased Saccharomyces fungemia cases. Further, clinicians should be vigilant in preventing S. boulardii fungemia in patients with prophylactic probiotic therapy.
Aspects related to biofilm production and antifungal susceptibility of clinically relevant yeasts of the genusTrichosporon
Authors: Lara Bruna Rossini , de Camargo Bruno Braidotti , Paula Claudete Rodrigues , Monari Gabrielle Pires de Morais , Garces Hans Garcia , Arnoni Mariana Volpe , Silveira Mônica , Gimenes Viviane Mazo Fávero , Leite Junior Diniz Pereira , Bonfietti Lucas Xavier , Oliveira Lidiane , Melhem Márcia de Souza Carvalho , Auler Marcos , Ramos Regina Teixeira Barbieri , Dias Amanda Latercia Tranches , Silva Naiara Chaves , Moreira Débora , Richini-Pereira Virgínia Bodelão , Anversa Laís , Ruiz Luciana da Silva 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTrichosporonosis corresponds to a systemic fungal disease that leads to high mortality rates and is frequently associated with medical devices. It affects immunosuppressed patients in particular and is strongly linked to acquired human immunodeficiency, organ and tissue transplants, and malignant hematologic diseases such as leukemia and lymphomas. Trichosporon infections have been increasingly reported worldwide; however, little information is available either about their characteristics or the causative microorganism. Thus, the aims of the present study were: to investigate 59 yeasts of the genus Trichosporon by verifying the biofilm formation capacity of isolates; to analyze the susceptibility patterns of planktonic cells against the antifungals fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin-B, voriconazole, and caspofungin by comparing European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) broth microdilution technique with the commercial method Etest; and to assess the susceptibility patterns of biofilm cells (sessile) against the same antifungals through broth microdilution. The ability to form biofilm on the surface of polystyrene plates was noted for all isolates, and 54.3% of samples were considered strong producers. Comparison between the antifungal susceptibility techniques evidenced that Etest showed higher and discordant minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) from those obtained by the microdilution method, especially for fluconazole, itraconazole, and caspofungin. Considering the susceptibility of biofilms, most species had high MIC50 and MIC90 against the tested antifungals, showing 4-to-66-fold higher concentrations for amphotericin B and 2-to-33-fold greater concentrations for caspofungin. These results highlight the importance of further studies with Trichosporon spp. for comparison between laboratory findings and in vivo response, considering both the susceptibility tests and the behavior of biofilm cells against drugs.
Configuration of the global magnetic field in AGN parsec-scale jets
Authors: Butuzova Marina S , Pushkarev Alexander B 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The magnetic field plays a significant role in the phenomenon of highly collimated jets of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Relativistic effects prevent the direct reconstruction of the magnetic field direction as transverse to electric vectors on radio maps. We determined the topology of the B-field by modelling the transverse distributions of the total and linearly polarized intensity, polarization degree, and deviation of the polarization direction from the local jet axis and by further comparison with observational data. We consider (i) a helical field with a different twist angle and (ii) a toroidal field on the jet axis surrounded by a sheath with a longitudinal field. In the latter scenario, we consider different sheath thickness relative to the spine. We assumed the sheath velocity is equal to or less than that of the spine. The relativistic effects have been considered for a general case, under which the axis and velocity vector of the jet and radial directions do not coincide. Our simulations reproduce the main features of the observed transverse profiles of polarization characteristics in parsec-scale AGN jets. The model transverse distribution shapes of the polarization properties are found to be strongly influenced by kinematic and geometric parameters of an outflow. We demonstrated it for three AGNs having different but typical polarization patterns revealed on radio maps. For each of these objects, we identified the model parameters that provide a qualitative correspondence of theoretical profiles with those obtained from observations, indicating that the B-field is strongly ordered on parsec scales.
Late growth of early-type galaxies in low-z massive clusters
Authors: Ribeiro A L B , Nascimento R S , Morell D F , Lopes P A A , Dantas C C , Fonseca M H S 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTWe study a sample of 936 early-type galaxies (ETGs) located in 48 low-z regular galaxy clusters with M200 ≥ 1014 M⊙ at z &lt; 0.1. We examine variations in the concentration index, radius, and colour gradient of ETGs as a function of their stellar mass and loci in the projected phase space (PPS) of the clusters. We aim to understand the environmental influence on the growth of ETGs according to the time since infall into their host clusters. Our analysis indicates a significant change in the behaviour of the concentration index C and colour gradient around $M_{\ast } \approx 2\times 10^{11} ~M_\odot \equiv \tilde{M}_{\ast }$. Objects less massive than $\tilde{M}_{\ast }$ present a slight growth of C with M*, with negative and approximately constant colour gradients in all regions of the PPS. Objects more massive than $\tilde{M}_{\ast }$ present a slight decrease of C with M*, with colour gradients becoming less negative and approaching zero. We also find that objects more massive than $\tilde{M}_{\ast }$, in all PPS regions, have smaller R90 for a given R50, suggesting a smaller external growth in these objects or even a shrinkage possibly due to tidal stripping. Finally, we estimate different dark matter fractions for galaxies in different regions of the PPS, with the ancient satellites having the largest fractions, fDM ≈ 65 per cent. These results favour a scenario where cluster ETGs experience environmental influence the longer they remain and the deeper into the gravitational potential they lie, indicating a combination of tidal stripping + harassment, which predominate during infall, followed by mergers + feedback effects affecting the late growth of ancient satellites and BCGs.
Characterizing the intracluster light over the redshift range 0.2 &lt; z &lt; 0.8 in the DES-ACT overlap
Authors: Golden-Marx Jesse B , Zhang Y , Ogando R L C , Allam S , Tucker D L , Miller C J , Hilton M , Mutlu-Pakdil B , Abbott T M C , Aguena M , Alves O , Andrade-Oliveira F , Annis J , Bacon D , Bertin E , Bocquet S , Brooks D , Burke D L , Carnero Rosell A , Carrasco Kind M , Castander F J , Conselice C , Costanzi M , da Costa L N , Pereira M E S , De Vicente J , Desai S , Doel P , Everett S , Ferrero I , Flaugher B , Frieman J , García-Bellido J , Gerdes D W , Gruen D , Gruendl R A , Gutierrez G , Hinton S R , Hollowood D L , Honscheid K , James D J , Kuehn K , Kuropatkin N , Lahav O , Marshall J L , Melchior P , Mena-Fernández J , Miquel R , Mohr J J , Palmese A , Paz-Chinchón F , Pieres A , Plazas Malagón A A , Prat J , Raveri M , Rodriguez-Monroy M , Romer A K , Sanchez E , Scarpine V , Sevilla-Noarbe I , Sifón C , Smith M , Suchyta E , Swanson M E C , Tarle G , Vincenzi M , Weaverdyck N , Yanny B ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We characterize the properties and evolution of bright central galaxies (BCGs) and the surrounding intracluster light (ICL) in galaxy clusters identified in the Dark Energy Survey and Atacama Cosmology Telescope Survey (DES-ACT) overlapping regions, covering the redshift range 0.20 &lt; z &lt; 0.80. Over this redshift range, we measure no change in the ICL’s stellar content (between 50 and 300 kpc) in clusters with log10(M200m,SZ/M⊙) &gt;14.4. We also measure the stellar mass–halo mass (SMHM) relation for the BCG+ICL system and find that the slope, β, which characterizes the dependence of M200m,SZ on the BCG+ICL stellar mass, increases with radius. The outskirts are more strongly correlated with the halo than the core, which supports that the BCG+ICL system follows a two-phase growth, where recent growth (z &lt; 2) occurs beyond the BCG’s core. Additionally, we compare our observed SMHM relation results to the IllustrisTNG300-1 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations and find moderate qualitative agreement in the amount of diffuse light. However, the SMHM relation’s slope is steeper in TNG300-1 and the intrinsic scatter is lower, likely from the absence of projection effects in TNG300-1. Additionally, we find that the ICL exhibits a colour gradient such that the outskirts are bluer than the core. Moreover, for the lower halo mass clusters (log10(M200m,SZ/M⊙) &lt; 14.59), we detect a modest change in the colour gradient’s slope with lookback time, which combined with the absence of stellar mass growth may suggest that lower mass clusters have been involved in growth via tidal stripping more recently than their higher mass counterparts.
The VST ATLAS quasar survey I: Catalogue of photometrically selected quasar candidates
Authors: Eltvedt Alice M , Shanks T , Metcalfe N , Ansarinejad B , Barrientos L F , Sharp R , Malik U , Murphy D N A , Irwin M , Wilson M , Alexander D M , Kovacs Andras , Garcia-Bellido Juan , Ahlen Steven , Brooks David , de la Macorra Axel , Font-Ribera Andreu , Gontcho a Gontcho Satya , Honscheid Klaus , Meisner Aaron , Miquel Ramon , Nie Jundan , Tarlé Gregory , Vargas-Magaña Mariana , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the VST ATLAS Quasar Survey, consisting of ∼1229 000 quasar (QSO) candidates with 16 &lt; g &lt; 22.5 over ∼4700 deg2. The catalogue is based on VST ATLAS+NEOWISE imaging surveys and aims to reach a QSO sky density of 130 deg−2 for $z$ &lt; 2.2 and ∼30 deg−2 for $z$ &gt; 2.2. To guide our selection, we use X-ray/UV/optical/MIR data in the extended William Herschel Deep Field (WHDF) where we find a g &lt; 22.5 broad-line QSO density of 269 ± 67 deg−2, roughly consistent with the expected ∼196 deg−2. We find that ∼25 per cent of our QSOs are morphologically classed as optically extended. Overall, we find that in these deep data, MIR, UV, and X-ray selections are ∼70–90 per cent complete while X-ray suffers less contamination than MIR and UV. MIR is however more sensitive than X-ray or UV to $z$ &gt; 2.2 QSOs at g &lt; 22.5 and the $S_X(0.5-10\, {\rm keV})\gt 1\times 10^{-14}$ ergs cm−2 s−1 limit of eROSITA. We adjust the selection criteria from our previous 2QDES pilot survey and prioritize VST ATLAS candidates that show both UV and MIR excess, also selecting candidates initially classified as extended. We test our selections using data from DESI (which will be released in DR1) and 2dF to estimate the efficiency and completeness, and we use ANNz2 to determine photometric redshifts. Applying over the ∼4700 deg2 ATLAS area gives us $\sim 917\,000\, z\lt 2.2$ QSO candidates of which 472 000 are likely to be $z$ &lt; 2.2 QSOs, implying a sky density of ∼100 deg−2, which our WHDF analysis suggests will rise to at least 130 deg−2 when eROSITA X-ray candidates are included. At $z$ &gt; 2.2, we find ∼310() 000 candidates, of which 169 000 are likely to be QSOs for a sky density of ∼36 deg−2.
Origin of multiwavelength emission from flaring high redshift blazar PKS 0537−286
Authors: Sahakyan N , Harutyunyan G , Israyelyan D 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The high redhsift blazars powered by supermassive black holes with masses exceeding 109 M⊙ have the highest jet power and luminosity and are important probes to test the physics of relativistic jets at the early epochs of the Universe. We present a multifrequency spectral and temporal study of high redshift blazar PKS 0537−286 by analysing data from Fermi-LAT, NuSTAR Swift XRT, and UVOT. Although the time averaged γ-ray spectrum of the source is relatively soft (indicating the high-energy emission peak is below the GeV range), several prominent flares were observed when the spectrum hardened and the luminosity increased above 1049 erg s−1. The X-ray emission of the source varies in different observations and is characterized by a hard spectrum ≤1.38 with a luminosity of &gt;1047 erg s−1. The broad-band spectral energy distribution in the quiescent and flaring periods was modelled within a one-zone leptonic scenario assuming different locations of the emission region and considering both internal (synchrotron radiation) and external (from the disc, broad-line region, and dusty torus) photon fields for the inverse Compton scattering. The modelling shows that the most optimistic scenario, from the energy requirement point of view, is when the jet energy dissipation occurs within the broad-line region. The comparison of the model parameters obtained for the quiescent and flaring periods suggests that the flaring activities are most likely caused by the hardening of the emitting electron spectral index and shifting of the cut-off energy to higher values.
Weak-lensing peak statistics – steepness versus height
Authors: Li Ziwei , Liu Xiangkun , Fan Zuhui 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTIn weak-lensing cosmological studies, peak statistics is sensitive to non-linear structures and thus complementary to cosmic shear two-point correlations. In this paper, we explore a new approach, namely, the peak steepness statistics, with the overall goal to understand the cosmological information embedded there in comparison with the commonly used peak height statistics. We perform the analyses with ray-tracing simulations considering different sets of cosmological parameters Ωm and σ8. A theoretical model to calculate the abundance of high peaks based on steepness is also presented, which can well describe the main trend of the peak distribution from simulations. We employ Δχ2 and Fisher analyses to study the cosmological dependence of the two peak statistics using our limited sets of simulations as well as our theoretical model. Within our considerations without including potential systematic effects, the results show that the steepness statistics tends to have higher sensitivities to the cosmological parameters than the peak height statistics and this advantage is diluted with the increase of the shape noise. Using the theoretical model, we investigate the physical reasons accounting for the different cosmological information embedded in the two statistics. Our analyses indicate that the projection effect from large-scale structures plays an important role to enhance the gain from the steepness statistics. The redshift and cosmology dependence of dark matter halo density profiles also contributes to the differences between the two statistics.
The afterglow of GRB 070707 and a possible kilonova component
Authors: Zhu Yi-Ming , Zhou Hao , Wang Yun , Liao Neng-Hui , Jin Zhi-Ping , Wei Da-Ming 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTGRB 070707 was the first short gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected by INTEGRAL and the optical afterglow was attributed to the prolonged activity of the central engine in the literature. Here, we reanalyse the afterglow data and examine the physical origin of the emission. The redshift of this burst is uncertain and in this work we assume an association with a galaxy at the redshift of 0.2394 for a chance coincidence probability Pcc = 0.046. It is found that the sole forward shock radiation cannot well reproduce the data, while including a kilonova component similar to AT2017gfo is very helpful in reproducing the multiwavelength afterglow emission. The properties of the candidate host galaxy have been studied in detail; its high metallicity, low star formation rate, and old stellar population age are similar to the host galaxies of other GRBs associated with kilonovae. In view of the facts that a kilonova signal was identified in the first short GRB with detected optical emission (i.e. GRB 050709) and the first short GRB with gravitational wave detection (i.e. GRB 170817A), and now the identification of a kilonova signature in the first INTEGRAL short GRB strongly indicates that kilonovae are rather common among the neutron star merger events.
S5: Probing the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds potentials with the 6D map of the Orphan–Chenab stream
Authors: Koposov Sergey E , Erkal Denis , Li Ting S , Da Costa Gary S , Cullinane Lara R , Ji Alexander P , Kuehn Kyler , Lewis Geraint F , Pace Andrew B , Shipp Nora , Zucker Daniel B , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Lilleengen Sophia , Martell Sarah L ,   (S5 Collaboration)
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTWe present a 6D map of the Orphan–Chenab (OC) stream by combining the data from Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S5) and Gaia. We reconstruct the proper motion, radial velocity, distance, on-sky track, and stellar density along the stream with spline models. The stream has a total luminosity of MV = −8.2 and metallicity of [Fe/H] = −1.9, similar to classical Milky Way (MW) satellites like Draco. The stream shows drastic changes in its physical width varying from 200 pc to 1 kpc, but a constant line-of-sight velocity dispersion of 5 $\mathrm{km\, s^{-1}}$. Despite the large apparent variation in the stellar number density along the stream, the flow rate of stars along the stream is remarkably constant. We model the 6D stream track by a Lagrange-point stripping method with a flexible MW potential in the presence of a moving extended Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). This allows us to constrain the mass profile of the MW within the distance range 15.6 &lt; r &lt; 55.5 kpc, with the best measured enclosed mass of $(2.85\pm 0.1)\times 10^{11}\, \mathrm{\, M_\odot }$ within 32.4 kpc. Our stream measurements are highly sensitive to the LMC mass profile with the most precise measurement of its enclosed mass made at 32.8 kpc, $(7.02\pm 0.9)\times 10^{10}\, {\rm M}_\odot$. We also detect that the LMC dark matter halo extends to at least 53 kpc. The fitting of the OC stream allows us to constrain the past LMC trajectory and the degree of dynamical friction it experienced. We demonstrate that the stars in the OC stream show large energy and angular momentum spreads caused by LMC perturbation.