bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Review on Solubility Enhancement Techniques
Authors: NARMADA ILLA 
Published: February 2023

The limited water solubility of pharmacoactive molecules hinders their ability to be used as pharmacological agents, yet the indispensability of a certain solubility parameter precludes any compromises. To overcome this challenge, various methods are employed in order to increase their bioavailability. Pharmaceutical molecules with lower solubility present an elevated risk of failure for drug development and innovation. Their solubility affects important processes such as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, distribution, protein binding, and absorption. As a result these parameters are greatly impacted by the dissolution rate of a particular molecule. Out of all pharmaceutical dosage forms, more than half are oral. For the drug molecule to reach its target site and be effective therapeutically, solubility and bioavailability must be taken into consideration. Unfortunately, during screening programs conducted by the pharmaceutical industry it became evident that nearly 40% of new chemical entities (NCEs) face various roadblocks when transitioning from formulation to development due to their poor solubility and bioavailability. The pharmaceutical industry is constantly confronted with the difficulty of improving drug bioavailability and solubility in formulations. This article covers a range of technological advancements to boost the solubility of insoluble drugs, such as complexation, emulsions and micelles production, microemulsion generation with cosolvents, polymeric micelle preparation methods, particle size decrease techniques, pharmaceutical salts application, prodrugs usage, solid-state alteration practices, soft gel technology implementation crystal engineering approaches and nanomorphology. Through this review, we will discuss a variety of more complex methods for improving solubility and bioavailability such as crystal engineering, micronization, solid dispersions, nano sizing, and use of cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs), colloidal drug delivery systems and drug conjugates. We'll also provide references to studies that have been conducted in connection with these topics.
Keywords: Solubility, permeability, bioavailability, nano particles drug delivery systems, microemulsions, low water solubility
Pengaruh kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di kanvaz patisserie by vincent nigita seminyak
Authors: Tirta Samuel Virya , Purnantara I Made Hadi 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa bagaimana pengaruh kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di Kanvaz Patisserie by Vincent Nigita Seminyak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel penelitian ini menggunakan non-probability sampling dimana sampel yang diambil merupakan keseluruhan populasi yaitu sebanyak 37 responden yang merupakan karyawan di Kanvaz Patisserie by Vincent Nigita. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari kuesioner yang termasuk sebagai sumber data primer dan hasil penelitian dari analisis regresi linear sederhana yang diperoleh adalah Y = 25,311 + 0,508 X. Berdasarkan persamaan tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi secara berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan di Kanvaz Patisserie by Vincent Nigita Seminyak.

This research is intended to analyze how is the effect of compenstation on employee performance at Kanvaz Patisserie by Vincent Nigita Seminyak. This research is a quantitative descriptive. The collective of samples using non-probality sampling techniques which means the sample is collected from all of the population that available which amount to 37 respondent who are all the employee that work at Kanvaz Patissserie by Vincent Nigita. Data of this research were collected from questionnaire which is primary data source and the result of this research by using simple linear regression analysis is Y= 25,311 + 0,508 X. Based on that result, it shows that compensation has a positive effect on employee’s performance at Kanvaz Patisserie by Vincent Nigita Seminyak.
Factor Structure of the Scale of Sensed Parental Competencies: Version for parents (ECPP-p)
Authors: Valencia-Chacón Yannet 
Published: February 2023

Background: This study examines the dimensionality of the parent version of the Scale of Sensed Parental Competencies (ECPP-p). The sample was composed of 227 parents (n = 227; M = 35.34, DE = 7.22) from Lima Metropolitan. Method: The structural analysis was conducted with confirmatory factor analysis using the estimator WLSMV according to the ordinal nature of the items on the scale. The original structure evaluated of five correlated dimensions: school involvement, personal dedication, shared leisure, counseling and guidance and assumption of the role of father or mother was confirmed. Results: An adequate fit was obtained to the model of five factors, X2 = 406.47, CFI = .96, TLI =0.95, RMSEA =0.068. The internal consistency coefficients were adequate for each of the dimensions ( w >0.80) ( α >0.70). Conclusion: The ECPP-p is an instrument that presents evidence of internal structure and reliability in the study sample.
Semiotika Arsitektur pada Fasad Bangunan Masjid Al-Markaz Al-Islami Makassar
Authors: Nurjannah Andi , Fatimah Andi Nurauliah , Marwati Marwati 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak_ Masjid merupakan tempat ibadah sekaligus pusat peradaban umat Islam. Adapun pusat peradaban islam di Indonesia bagian Timur yaitu Masjid Al-Markaz Al-Islami Makassar. Selain sebagai tempat ibadah, Masjid Al Markaz Al Islami juga menjadi pusat pengembangan dan penelitian, sosial budaya, pendidikan hingga ekonomi. Secara khusus, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengidentifikasi bentuk dan ornamen yang terdapat pada fasade bangunan masjid Al-Markaz Al-Islami, (2) Menganalisis makna simbol yang ada pada fasade bangunan Masjid Al-Markaz Al-Islami Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan melalui kajian semiotika untuk menemukan arti/ pesan dan makna melalui tanda-tanda atau simbol-simbol yang ada pada arsitektur bangunan Masjid Al-Markaz Al-Islami Makassar. Hasil penelitian ini kemudian memberikan informasi tentang (1) Bentuk dan ornamen pada fasade Masjid Al-Markaz Al-Islami diadopsi dari Masjidil Haram di Makkah, Masjid Nabawi di Madinah Al Munawwarah, bentuk rumah masyarakat bugis-makassar serta Masjid Katangka di Kabupaten Gowa, (2) Penciptaan unsur arsitektur bangunan Masjid Al-Markaz Al-Islami merupakan simbol yang memiliki makna.Kata kunci: Semiotika; Bentuk; Ornamen dan Makna Simbol. Abstrak_ The mosque is a place of worship as well as the center of Muslim civilization. The center of Islamic civilization in Eastern Indonesia is the Al-Markaz Al-Islami Mosque in Makassar. Aside from being a place of worship, Al Markaz Al Islami Mosque is also a center for development and research, socio-cultural, educational to economic. Specifically, this study aims to: (1) Identify the shapes and ornaments found on the facade of the Al-Markaz Al-Islami mosque building, (2) Analyzing the meaning of symbols that are on the facade of the Al-Markaz Al-Islami Mosque in Makassar. The results of this study then provide information about: (1) Shapes and ornaments on the facade of Al-Markaz Al-Islami Mosque adopted from the Grand Mosque in Makkah, Nabawi Mosque in Medina Al Munawwarah, a form of Bugis-Makassar community house and Katangka Mosque in Gowa Regency, (2) The creation of architectural elements of the Al-Markaz Al-Islami Mosque building is a symbol that has meaning.Keywords: Semiotics; Shape; Ornaments and meanings of symbols.
Concordance Test of Various Erythrocyte Indices for Screening of Beta Thalassemia Carrier
Authors: Nurazizah Reni , Handika Renaldi Satria , Sahiratmadja Edhyana , Ismiarto Yoyos Dias , Prihatni Delita 
Published: February 2023

Carrier screening for early detection of thalassemia in the general population needs a careful approach, especially in areas with limited health services. Various erythrocyte indices have been introduced as options for the first stage; however, the low-reliability value of these erythrocyte indices remains the problem. This study aimed to determine the most reliable index for screening beta-thalassemia carriers and distinguish it from iron deficiency anemia. A cross-sectional study was designed to explore thalassemia carrier status among medical students. Inter-rater reliability value of various indices was compared to Shine and Lal index. The Cohen's Kappa coefficient was calculated using SPSS v. 25.0. Among 320 respondents, 295 subjects were non-anemic and 25 were anemic subjects, whereas 105 subjects had low MCV and/or MCH values. Cohen's Kappa value showed moderate reliability results compared to Shine and Lal index for example Mentzer index (0.58), Ehsani index (0.57), Srivastava index (0.53), and Bordbar index (0.41), but showed very low-reliability results with Green and King index (0.04). New cut-off indices based on Kumar et al. were also compared, resulting in moderate reliability results. Since there was no Hb-electrophoresis test, the sensitivities and specificities of those indices could not be calculated. For this reason, a complete blood count can only be used for the early stages of screening for beta-thalassemia carriers, whereas Hb-electrophoresis and DNA tests were considered necessary to perform to confirm a diagnosis.
On-farm evaluation of growth performance and nutritional values of Brachiaria hybrid and Pennisetum purpureum cultivars in Southern Highlands, Tanzania
Authors: Mteta Safiel Kangalu , Massawe Boniface Hussein , Ruvuga Peter Rogers , Maleko David Dawson 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Improved cultivars (cvs.) of Brachiaria hybrid and Pennisetum purpureum forages have been studied extensively in research settings but still there is a paucity of information about their on-farm performance. This study was therefore set to evaluate the on-farm performance of Brachiaria hybrid cvs. Cayman and Cobra, and Pennisetum purpureum cvs. ILRI 16835 and Ouma in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. A total of 30 smallholder dairy farmers who cultivated these improved forage grasses were involved in this study. A 2 m × 2 m sub-plot was marked in established pasture plots and a standardised cut at a 5–7 cm stubble height was done at the beginning of this study. The forage growth performance was conducted from April–July, 2021 (dry period) in two phases of 6 weeks each. These cultivars were evaluated for their above-ground growth performance and nutritional values at the end of each phase. Plant height, leaf length, leaf widths, and number of tillers per plant among cultivars varied significantly (p < 0.05) while above-ground forage biomass did not vary among cultivars (p > 0.05). Crude protein values did not vary significantly among cultivars (p > 0.05), they were 131–141 g kg−1 dry matter (DM). These values were not able to meet the nutritional requirements of the lactating dairy cow. Brachiaria hybrid cv. Cayman had the lowest (p < 0.05) neutral detergent fibre (NDF, 539 g kg−1 DM) compared to other cultivars (545–571 g kg−1 DM), hence high digestibility. It was concluded that Cayman was the best cultivar for forage production in the Southern Highlands, Tanzania due to its low NDF content. However, lower biomass warrants mixing of Cayman with other feeds to meet the daily requirements of a lactating dairy cow.
Eesti sürjametsad; nende tüübid ja indikaatorliigid
Authors: Paal Jaanus , Turb Margit , Köster Tiina , Rooma Igna 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The aims of the study were: (i) to examine how well the hillock forests are distinguishable from the forests of comparable site types, (ii) to ascertain the hillock forest indicator species, (iii) to elucidate the hillock forests’ community types, (iv) to assess the practical requirement for differentiation of hillock forests as a self-sufficient typological unit for forestry. The data included altogether 160 descriptions of hillock forest communities and 42 relevés of other site type stands for comparison. The historical continuity of hillock forests was estimated from old topographic maps. We established that the hillock forests constitute statistically a reliable distinct group of forests. Among the characteristic species having an indicator value significance level of up to 0.50, by the ecological strategy 43.2% belong to competitors, 37.8% are competitors and stress-tolerant ruderals, and 10.8% competitors and stress tolerators; according to the hemeroby, 62.5% of these species are apophyts and 30.0% hemeradiaphors. Most hillock forests (55.6%) are located on former slash-and-burn areas (bushlands) or reforested agricultural land (36.1%). The hillock forests can be classified into four forest types: 1) Fragaria vesca–Festuca ovina–Pinus sylvestris type, 2) Fragaria vesca–Oxalis acetosella–Pinus sylvestris type, 3) Fragaria vesca–Viola mirabilis–Picea abies–Populus tremula type and, 4) Fragaria vesca–Equisetum pratense–Betula pendula type. There is no need to define the hillock forests as a separate forest site type in practical forest typology, nevertheless recognition of these forests as representing the habitat directive type 9060 is important from the viewpoint of biodiversity maintenance.
POLICY ANALYSIS N STUDENT SPORTS COACHING IN BANDA ACEH CITY DISPORA
Authors: Musa Salbani 
Published: February 2023

The Banda Aceh City Government is currently developing student sports and strongly supports the program. This is intended to be synergistic and efficient in the development and improvement of student sports achievements in Banda Aceh City. The purpose of this study is to determine the policy process of dispora and disdik in coaching student sports in Banda Aceh City in improving the performance of student sports coaching. This study seeks to collect data and information related to the sports coaching policy process using descriptive methods and qualitative approaches. The subjects in this study were the Education Office and theYouth and Sports Office of Banda Aceh City. Instruments used to collect data by Observation, interviews and documentation studies. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the coaching policy process carried out by the Dispora is not good because of the lack of socialization and monitoring of policies, still does not have implementers in accordance with scientific disciplines and the quality of coaching facilities and infrastructure has not been good in quality and quantity. In conducting the evaluation, it has not assessed what indicators make the policy fail or succeed. The Banda Aceh City Dispora has not made a special policy regarding the development of student sports. Keywords: Analysis, Student Sports Coaching Policy
Fuel Siphoner’s lung: a case of inhalational pneumonia
Authors: Azam Rabia , Zafar Hafsa , Gooptu Bibek 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Practices of manual siphoning of fuel around the globe has exponentially increased the incidence of chemical pneumonitis. As evident by studies, chemical pneumonitis constitutes quite significant proportion of community-acquired pneumonia. In this case report, we follow up on the case of hydrocarbon pneumonitis along with its diagnostic uncertainty and treatment challenges.

Case Presentation:
A 66-year-old male presented with shortness of breath, fever, and hemoptysis after accidentally aspirating diesel while siphoning it from a generator. computed tomography pulmonary angiogram revealed bilateral pneumonitis and ruled out pulmonary embolism. He required high-flow oxygen initially due to extensive nature of pneumonia and was managed conservatively with broad-spectrum antibiotics and steroids. He recovered to discharge after 21 days. This represents a case of chemical, hydrocarbon (exogenous lipoid) pneumonitis, complicated by transudative pleural effusion and likely bacterial superinfection.

Conclusion:
Chemical pneumonitis is associated with varied symptoms and radiological presentation. Its treatment is essentially same as pneumonia caused by other pathogens. Timely diagnosis, escalation, and treatment can reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by these harmful insults.
Pengaruh Media Tanam dan Nutrisi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kentang Hitam (Plectranthus rotundifolius) Selama Aklimatisasi
Authors: Widodo Tirto Wahyu , Wardana Rudi , Trismayanti Indra 
Published: February 2023

Kentang hitam merupakan pangan alternatif yang kaya karbohidrat (18,92%), toleran kekeringan, dan daya adaptasi luas, sehingga sangat berpotensi dikembangkan terutama di dataran rendah. Namun demikian, rendahnya ketersediaan benih berkualitas menjadi masalah utama dalam budidayanya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan usaha untuk menyiapkan benih kentang hitam yang berkualitas dengan skala besar melalui kultur jaringan. Melalui teknik tersebut, benih kentang hitam berupa umbi dan stek mikro yang didapatkan bebas patogen, seragam, dan tidak bergantung musim. Namun demikian, dalam kultur jaringan terdapat salah satu fase kritis yakni aklimatisasi. Media tanam yang digunakan selama aklimatisasi memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam mendukung pertumbuhan planlet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis media dan nutrisi terhadap pertumbuhan kentang hitam selama fase aklimatisasi. Percobaan dilaksanakan selama 4 bulan sejak April hingga Agustus 2021 di greenhouse Politeknik Negeri Jember. Percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis media tanam yakni cocopeat+kompos dan abu sekam+kompos, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi nutrisi AB Mix yang terdiri atas 7 ml/l, 11 ml/l, 15 ml/l, dan 19 ml/l. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media abu sekam+kompos dengan nutrisi AB Mix 7 ml/l memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap luas daun kentang hitam (4,2 cm2). Abu sekam memiliki kandungan silika yang tinggi, serta fosfor dan kalium yang berperan dalam meningkatkan laju fotosintesis tanaman. Karakter pertumbuhan kentang hitam (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, laju pertumbuhan) cenderung lebih baik pada media yang ditambah abu sekam. Sedangkan aplikasi AB Mix 7 ml/l memiliki kecenderungan lebih baik terhadap pertumbuhan kentang hitam.
أثر استراتيجيةKUD في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الرياضيات
Authors: Khalil Alhbos Arwa Hammad 
Published: February 2023

هدف البحث إلى تعرف "أثر استراتيجية KUD في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الرياضيات".
وتحقيقاً لهذا البحث وضعت الباحثة الفرضية الآتية:-
"لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية التي درست وفق استراتيجية KUD ومتوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة التي درست على وفق الطريقة التقليدية في الاختبار التحصيلي".
وشملت عينة البحث التي اختيرت بطريقة مرحلية عشوائية، شعبتين دراسيتين من مدرسة ثانوية العقيدة للبنات في المديرية العامة لتربية صلاح الدين، لتمثل الأولى المجموعة التجريبية والبالغ عددها (25) طالبة، ولتمثل الثانية المجموعة الضابطة والبالغ عدد افرادها (25) طالبة أيضاً بعد استبعاد الطالبات الراسبات، ومن ثم اجراء المكافئة بينهما في متغيرات (العمر، والذكاء، وتحصيل الوالدين).
وقد أعدت الباحثة الخطط التدريسية لمحتوى المادة الدراسية, واختباراً تحصيلاً باتباع خطوات إعداد الاختبارات المتمثلة بتحديد المادة الدراسية، والأهداف السلوكية والخارطة الاختبارية، واستخراج الصدق، والصعوبة، والتمييز، وفاعلية البدائل، والثبات له وبناء على ذلك تكون الاختبار من (40) فقرة بصيغته النهائية.
ولتحليل البيانات إحصائياً تم استخدام عدة وسائل منها الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين، ومعادلة حجم الأثر.
وتوصلت الدراسة إلى إنهُ "يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية في التحصيل بين المجموعة التجريبية، والمجموعة الضابطة ولمصلحة المجموعة التجريبية" وفي ضوء نتائج البحث أوصت الباحثة بعدد من التوصيات والمقترحات.
Generalization of numerical range of polynomial operator matrices
Authors: Darawan Zrar Mohammed  , Ahmed Muhammad  
Published: February 2023

Suppose that is a polynomial matrix operator where for , are complex matrix and let be a complex variable. For an Hermitian matrix , we define the -numerical range of polynomial matrix of as , where . In this paper we study and our emphasis is on the geometrical properties of . We consider the location of in the complex plane and a theorem concerning the boundary of is also obtained. Possible generalazations of our results including their extensions to bounded linerar operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space are described.
Class AK-manifold of Concircular curvature tensor (V)
Authors: Yaseen K. Abass  , A. A. Shihab  
Published: February 2023

The current deals with new Three classes of almost Kahler manifold W2 of Concircular curvature tensor are Calculating differential geometrical but also topological parameters appropriate for new classes 1, 2, and 3, are the focus of the paper. Through it, an equivalence relationship was obtained between these classes and one of or more the Tensor compound in the adjoint G-structure space and then construct a relation between this new classes.
PERENCANAAN DISTRIBUSI MAKANAN RINGAN DENGAN METODE DISTRIBUTION RIQUIREMENT PLANNING DI PD. KURNIA CIAMIS
Authors: Zenal Arifin Jejen , Aristriyana Eky 
Published: February 2023

Industri memiliki tingkat persaingan yang begitu ketat dan peningkatan permintaan layanan lebih dari pelanggan. Dalam memenangkan persaingan tersebut perusahaan menggunakan berbagai cara diantaranya meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan melalui produk berkualitas, ketepatan waktu pengiriman, dan efisiensi biaya. PD. Kurnia Buniseuri, merupakan industri perusahaan dagang yang bergerak di bidang poduksi makanan ringan yang sudah lama memasok produknya ke berbagai daerah.Namun distribusi produk yang dijalankan oleh perusahaan ini kurang efektif dan memiliki beberapa kelemahan.
Metode DRP (Distribution Requirement Planning) mampu menciptakan rencana kebutuhan distribusi produk yang memperkirakan tidak terjadinya penumpukan stock dan merencanakan produk untuk memperpanjang periode. Hal tersebut menjadikan metode DRP lebih cocok digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang ada di PD. Kurnia Buniseuri sehingga dapat menjadwalkan secara rutin dan memenuhi permintaan konsumen dengan tepat waktu, tepat jumlah dan dengan biaya yang minimal.
Hasil Penelitian didapatkan Perencanaan Distribusi metode perusahaan, Total Cost dari distribusi meliputi data permintaan produk, harga produk, biaya pemesanan, biaya penyimpanan, data lead time dengan metode DRP lebih kecil bila dibandingkan dengan metode perusahaan. Total Cost (TC) dengan metode perusahaan adalah sebesar Rp. 89.363.752,00 dan Total Cost dengan metode DRP adalah sebesar Rp. Rp.71.502.667,00. Sehingga terjadi penurunan sebesar 20%.