bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strengthening effect of NiAl and Ni3Ti precipitates in Co-free maraging steels
Authors: Zeisl Stefan , Van Steenberge Nele , Schnitzer Ronald 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOne class of maraging steels are strengthened by a combination of β-NiAl and η-Ni3Ti intermetallic phases which are precipitated during an aging heat treatment. To establish a meaningful structure-property relationship the precipitation strengthening effect from each phase must be isolated from the other strengthening mechanisms. To achieve this, a series of model alloys based on the Fe-12Ni alloy system were aged and characterized to determine the precipitation strengthening effect. In the course of this study, using a new approach, atom probe tomography was used to determine the spacing between precipitates and to calculate the individual strength contribution of the β and the η phase using a model describing the precipitate-dislocation interactions. It was found that the precipitation strengthening of the combined β and η phases is close to 1000 MPa and that the relative strengthening effect of each phase is sensitive to the Ti and Al concentration.
An autologous blood-derived patch as a hemostatic agent: evidence from thromboelastography experiments and a porcine liver punch biopsy model
Authors: Eskildsen Morten P. R. , Kalliokoski Otto , Boennelycke Marie , Lundquist Rasmus , Settnes Annette , Loekkegaard Ellen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPerioperative bleeding is a common complication in surgeries that increases morbidity, risk of mortality, and leads to increased socioeconomic costs. In this study we investigated a blood-derived autologous combined leukocyte, platelet, and fibrin patch as a new means of activating coagulation and maintaining hemostasis in a surgical setting. We evaluated the effects of an extract derived from the patch on the clotting of human blood in vitro, using thromboelastography (TEG). The autologous blood-derived patch activated hemostasis, seen as a reduced mean activation time compared to both non-activated controls, kaolin-activated samples, and fibrinogen/thrombin-patch-activated samples. The accelerated clotting was reproducible and did not compromise the quality or stability of the resulting blood clot. We also evaluated the patch in vivo in a porcine liver punch biopsy model. In this surgical model we saw 100% effective hemostasis and a significant reduction of the time-to-hemostasis, when compared to controls. These results were comparable to the hemostatic properties of a commercially available, xenogeneic fibrinogen/thrombin patch. Our findings suggest clinical potential for the autologous blood-derived patch as a hemostatic agent.
Graphical Abstract
A novel group recommender system for domain-independent decision support customizing a grouping genetic algorithm
Authors: Krouska Akrivi , Troussas Christos , Sgouropoulou Cleo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGroup formation is a complex task requiring computational support to succeed. In the literature, there has been considerable effort in the development of algorithms for composing groups as well as their evaluation. The most widely used approach is the Genetic Algorithm, as, it can handle numerous variables, generating optimal solutions according to the problem requirements. In this study, a novel genetic algorithm was developed for forming groups using innovative genetic operators, such as a modification of 1-point and 2-point crossover, the gene and the group crossover, to improve its performance and accuracy. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can be characterized as domain-independent, as it allows any input regardless of the domain problem; i.e., whether the groups concern objects, items or people, or whether the field of application is industry, education, healthcare, etc. The grouping genetic algorithm has been evaluated using a dataset from the literature in terms of its settings, showing that the tournament selection is better to be chosen when a quick solution is required, while the introduced gene and group crossover operators are superior to the classic ones. Furthermore, the combination of up to three crossover operators is ideal solution concerning algorithm’s accuracy and execution time. The effectiveness of the algorithm was tested in two grouping cases based on its acceptability. Both the students participated in forming collaborative groups and the professors participated in evaluating the groups of courses created were highly satisfied with the results. The contribution of this research is that it can help the stakeholders achieve an effective grouping using the presented genetic algorithm. In essence, they have the flexibility to execute the genetic algorithm in different contexts as many times as they want until to succeed the preferred output by choosing the number of operators for either greater accuracy or reduced execution time.
Deduction, Abduction, and Creativity
Authors: Hanzal Tomáš 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn a discussion of Sherlock Holmes’ “science of deduction” and the related “method of exclusion,” I show that Holmes’ claim that his inferences are deductive makes sense, if we consider his theoretical presuppositions. So, it is more accurate to say that he tries to reduce abduction to deduction than that he confuses them. His theoretical framework, albeit inadequate as a theory of empirical reasoning, can be seen as a basic model of classical (symbolic) AI. The main problems of this approach are surveyed, and abduction is brought into play as both a better characterization of Holmes’ inferences and a better guide for building AI systems. This is a good background for raising the question of creativity because, according to Peirce, it relates to abduction in a substantial way. Is Sherlock Holmes creative? Can machines be creative? An affirmative answer to the second question might be given by a “logic of discovery” but the problem remains that inventing such a logic already presupposes creativity.
In Conversation with Artificial Intelligence: Aligning language Models with Human Values
Authors: Kasirzadeh Atoosa , Gabriel Iason 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLarge-scale language technologies are increasingly used in various forms of communication with humans across different contexts. One particular use case for these technologies is conversational agents, which output natural language text in response to prompts and queries. This mode of engagement raises a number of social and ethical questions. For example, what does it mean to align conversational agents with human norms or values? Which norms or values should they be aligned with? And how can this be accomplished? In this paper, we propose a number of steps that help answer these questions. We start by developing a philosophical analysis of the building blocks of linguistic communication between conversational agents and human interlocutors. We then use this analysis to identify and formulate ideal norms of conversation that can govern successful linguistic communication between humans and conversational agents. Furthermore, we explore how these norms can be used to align conversational agents with human values across a range of different discursive domains. We conclude by discussing the practical implications of our proposal for the design of conversational agents that are aligned with these norms and values.
Microstructural Characteristics and Wear Behavior of Sintered Ni-Modified Ti–xTiB2 Composites
Authors: Falodun Oluwasegun Eso , Oke Samuel Ranti , Olubambi Peter Apata , Dirisu Joseph Osekhoghene , Sule Rasidi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTitanium matrix composites were manufactured using pulsed plasma sintering with the addition of 5 wt.% Ni and TiB2 (x = 5, 10, 15, 20 wt.%) particles at a sintering temperature of 1000 °C, a heating rate of 100 °C/min, and a holding time (300 s) at an applied pressure of 50 MPa. The study examines the densification, phase evolution, hardness, microstructure, and wear behavior of Ti–Ni alloys with different ceramic (TiB2) contents. The results show that increasing TiB2 content decreases relative density from 99 to 97% while increasing hardness from 229 to 586 HV0.1. The addition of Ni particles resulted in laminar α-Ti with well-defined β-Ti grain boundaries. Furthermore, the microstructural studies have revealed a dual-phase beta and alpha Ti phase with uniformly dispersed TiB2 content. As a result of the interactions between β-Ti and Ni during sintering, an intermetallic (Ti2Ni) eutectoid phase was formed. The presence of Ni and TiB2 particles reduces the average coefficient of friction, wear volume, and wear rate. Therefore, the reinforced titanium matrix composites wear track surfaces exhibited a combination of abrasive and adhesive wear modes.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioguided surgery in prostate cancer: An overview of current application and future perspectives
Authors: Muraglia Lorenzo , Mattana Francesco , Zuccotti Giulia , Collamati Francesco , Luzzago Stefano , Travaini Laura Lavinia , Musi Gennaro , Ceci Francesco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRadical prostatectomy (RP) with or without pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is the most frequent approach to treat men affected by prostate cancer (PCa), together with primary radiotherapy. Generally, patients performed computed tomography (CT) and bone scintigraphy to stage the disease prior to surgery. However, specific inhibitors directed to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have been recently proposed as radiopharmaceutical for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. PSMA-PET proved higher diagnostic accuracy to stage high-risk PCa compared to conventional imaging, even if its impact on overall survival is yet to be confirmed. One of the main limitations for PSMA-PET in staging PCa is represented by the low sensitivity in identifying metastatic lymph node, namely in case of nodes smaller than 4–5 mm. Radioguided surgery (RGS) is based on the intraoperative detection of radiation emitted by the specific radiopharmaceutical. Recently, the possibility of performing RGS using cancer-specific radiotracer with high diagnostic accuracy (e.g. PSMA inhibitors) gained attention. In this review, we aimed to explore the value of PSMA-RGS in PCa, aimed at improving the surgery accuracy to remove nodal metastasis. Furthermore, we evaluated different radiation detectors (gamma rays probes vs. beta positron probes) and the diagnostic accuracy of these probes compared to PSMA-PET. A comprehensive literature review was performed in December 2022 with a non-systematic approach. After the first literature screening, a total of 16 studies have been selected and a comprehensive qualitative narrative synthesis of the articles has been performed. First studies showed promising results for PSMA-RGS, and prospective trials demonstrated good concordance of in vivo PSMA-positive detected nodes with histopathology analysis of the specimens. High sensitivity and specificity of the RGS approach were found. Whilst gamma probes have been more broadly explored, the clinical use of beta probes has been tested in feasibility studies only. Finally, Cerenkov luminescence imaging, micro-image guidance and augmented reality/virtual reality approaches in surgery are currently rising attention and are generating future perspectives for PSMA-guided surgery in PCa.
Acculturation and eating disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Song Sarah , Stern Casey M. , Deitsch Tzivia , Sala Margaret 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Acculturation, or the dual process of cultural change that takes place due to the interaction between two or more cultural identities, may contribute to the susceptibility of developing an eating disorder (ED). We conducted a systematic review exploring the relationship between acculturation-related constructs and ED pathology.

Methods
We searched the PsychINFO and Pubmed/Medline databases up to December 2022. Inclusion criteria were: (1) having a measure of acculturation or related constructs; (2) having a measure of ED symptoms; and (3) experiencing cultural change to a different culture with Western ideals. 22 articles were included in the review. Outcome data were synthesized by narrative synthesis.

Results
There was variability in the definition and measure of acculturation in the literature. Overall, acculturation, culture change, acculturative stress, and intergenerational conflict were associated with ED behavioral and/or cognitive symptoms. However, the nature of the specific associations differed depending on the specific acculturation constructs and ED cognitions and behaviors measured. Furthermore, cultural factors (e.g., in-group vs. out-group preferences, generational status, ethnic group, gender) impacted the relationship between acculturation and ED pathology.

Discussion
Overall, this review highlights the need for more precise definitions of the different domains of acculturation and a more nuanced understanding of the specific relationship between various acculturation domains and specific ED cognitions and behaviors. Most of the studies were conducted in undergraduate women and in Hispanic/Latino samples, limiting generalizability of results.

Level of evidence
Level V, Opinions of respected authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.
Enhancing Resilience of Boreal Forests Through Management Under Global Change: a Review
Authors: Triviño María , Potterf Mária , Tijerín Julián , Ruiz-Benito Paloma , Burgas Daniel , Eyvindson Kyle , Blattert Clemens , Mönkkönen Mikko , Duflot Rémi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurpose of ReviewBoreal forests provide a wide range of ecosystem services that are important to society. The boreal biome is experiencing the highest rates of warming on the planet and increasing demand for forest products. Here, we review how changes in climate and its associated extreme events (e.g., windstorms) are putting at risk the capacity of these forests to continue providing ecosystem services. We further analyze the role of forest management to increase forest resilience to the combined effects of climate change and extreme events.Recent FindingsEnhancing forest resilience recently gained a lot of interest from theoretical perspective. Yet, it remains unclear how to translate the theoretical knowledge into practice and how to operationalize boreal forest management to maintain forest ecosystem services and functions under changing global conditions. We identify and summarize the main management approaches (natural disturbance emulation, landscape functional zoning, functional complex network, and climate-smart forestry) that can promote forest resilience.SummaryWe review the concept of resilience in forest sciences, how extreme events may put boreal forests at risk, and how management can alleviate or promote such risks. We found that the combined effects of increased temperatures and extreme events are having negative impacts on forests. Then, we discuss how the main management approaches could enhance forest resilience and multifunctionality (simultaneous provision of high levels of multiple ecosystem services and species habitats). Finally, we identify the complementary strengths of individual approaches and report challenges on how to implement them in practice.
Psychological Flow Scale (PFS): Development and Preliminary Validation of a New Flow Instrument that Measures the Core Experience of Flow to Reflect Recent Conceptual Advancements
Authors: Norsworthy Cameron , Dimmock James A. , Miller Daniel J. , Krause Amanda , Jackson Ben 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, we sought to develop—and provide preliminary validity evidence for scores derived from—a new Psychological Flow Scale (PFS). We propose a parsimonious model of three core dimensions of flow, reflecting the findings from a recent scoping review that synthesised flow research across scientific disciplines. The validation process for the PFS addressed recent conceptual criticisms of flow science regarding construct validity, theoretical compatibility, relational ambiguity, and definitional inconsistency. An initial review and analysis of the many flow measurements that exist found that these instruments either assess one, some, or none of the three core-dimensions of flow; often measuring similar dimensions that may bear resemblance to one of the three-dimensions but differ in dimensional meaning. PFS item development involved a phase of theoretical scrutiny, review of existing instruments, item generation, and expert review of items. Subsequently, 936 participants were recruited for scale development purposes, which included sample testing, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. This factor analytic process showed evidence for three distinguishable dimensions ‘under’ a single general or higher-order factor (i.e., global flow). With respect to external aspects of validity, flow scores correlated positively with perceptions of competence, self-rated performance, autotelic personality, and negatively with anxiety and stress scores. In conclusion, we present preliminary evidence for the theoretical and operational suitability of the PFS to assess the flow state across scientific disciplines and activity domains that be useful for experimental research and enable comparative flow research in the future.
Analyse zur Verankerung des Themas Klimawandel in zugelassenen Sachunterrichtsbüchern für Grundschulen in Deutschland
Authors: Moelter-Reich Anna Margarete , Stemmann Jennifer , Carrapatoso Astrid 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDem Sachunterricht kommt aufgrund seiner naturwissenschaftlich-technischen und sozio-kulturellen Anteile eine besondere Rolle bei der Umsetzung von Bildung für Nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) und Klimabildung (KB) zu. Sachunterrichtsbücher bieten als inhaltlich fundierte und didaktisierte Materialien Orientierung bzgl. der Implementierung der Thematik im Unterricht. Der folgende Beitrag widmet sich der Frage, inwieweit KB bereits in den Sachunterrichtsbüchern in Deutschland verankert ist. Es zeigt sich, dass sich Klimawandel als eigenes Thema kaum in den Sachunterrichtsbüchern findet, was auf mehrere Gründe zurückzuführen ist. Jedoch bieten bereits existierende Themen wie Wetter oder Energie Anknüpfungspunkte für die KB und können entsprechend weiterentwickelt werden.
Determinants of organic tunisian purchasing behaviour: an application of the consumption values theory
Authors: Kifaya Raja , Rama Daniele 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBased on the theory of consumption values, which include epistemic, social, emotional, conditional, and functional values, this study aims to investigate consumer choice behavior for organic products in Tunisia. Furthermore, it examines the moderating influence of environmental knowledge. Data from 645 Tunisian consumers were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results revealed that emotional, epistemic, functional value (price), and social values were among the main factors influencing consumer choice behavior. As a moderator, environmental knowledge has a significant effect on the role of epistemic, social, conditional, and emotional values. This contributes to the literature on organic consumer behavior and helps marketers develop new organic strategies to foster organic consumption and increase sales volumes in the Tunisian market.
The value creation in communities of inquiry: a systematic synthesis
Authors: Gao Lanlan , Ward Rupert , Fabricatore Carlo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Community of Inquiry (COI) has become increasingly popular as a practical framework that promotes critical thinking and improves learning skills in online environments. In order to encourage the COI, this study proposes to investigate learning VALUEs based on teaching presence (TP), social presence (SP), and cognitive presence (CP), applying a VALUE creation framework as an assessment tool. A quantitative research approach was used to analyse 16 research works. Firstly, this investigation reviewed the activities of COIs as the vital link between COI and VALUE creation. Secondly, these activities were evaluated using Wenger et al.'s framework. The related results show that COI activities generate immediate, potential, and applied VALUEs, however, it does not positively promote reframing. The activities of TP positively promote immediate VALUE, especially its categories of promoting discourse and direct instruction. Most activities of SP promote both immediate and potential VALUEs, whose indicator of open communication positively creates immediate VALUE whereas the activities of CP promote multiple VALUEs. These findings address the research gap regarding how COI contributes VALUE by improving learning experiences in virtual environments and what determines the generation of the VALUEs. The benefits of this study will guide practitioners (teachers, online course developers, and instructional designers) who aim to design and match related activities of COI to maximise the VALUE creation.
Interval Type Interval and Cognitive Uncertain Information in Information Fusion and Decision Making
Authors: Jin Le Sheng , Chen Zhen-Song , Yager Ronald R. , Langari Reza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMore uncertainty can be obtained when real numbers are extended to intervals. The two new concepts proposed in this work are the natural extensions of cognitive interval information and cognitive uncertain information with real numbered values replaced by interval values. Hence, interval type cognitive interval information and interval type cognitive uncertain information with some characteristics, structures, uncertainty degree functions and score functions of them are analyzed. Two special usages of the two uncertain information types in group decision making show that they have much more algorithmic variations, flexibility and applicability than the mere formal extensions or changes.
Contrastive Intentions
Authors: PEET ANDREW 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces and argues for contrastivism about intentions. According to contrastivism, intention is not a binary relation between an agent and an action. Rather, it is a ternary relation between an agent, an action, and an alternative. Contrastivism is introduced via a discussion of cases of known but (apparently) unintended side effects. Such cases are puzzling. They put pressure on us to reject a number of highly compelling theses about intention, intentional action, and practical reason. And they give rise to a puzzle about rather-than constructions such as ‘I intend toϕrather thanψ’: In side effect cases it can seem wrong to claim that the subject intends toϕyet acceptable to claim that they intend toϕrather thanψ. This cries out for explanation. Contrastivism provides a unified response to all of these problems.
The CDC antimicrobial use measure is not ready for public reporting or value-based programs
Authors: Shively Nathan R. , Morgan Daniel J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The standardized antimicrobial administration ratio (SAAR) is the metric for reporting antimicrobial use that hospitals will be mandated to use in 2024. We highlight limitations of the SAAR and caution against efforts to use it for public reporting and financial reimbursement. Before the SAAR is ready for public reporting, it needs to include patient-level risk adjustment and antimicrobial resistance data as well as improved hospital location options and revised antimicrobial agent groupings to appropriately reflect and incentivize important stewardship work.