bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The current use of the artemisinin-based Combination Therapies in adult patients at a Tertiary Hospital, South-South Nigeria
Authors: AYINBUOMWAN STEPHEN , Opadeyi Abimbola , Isah Ambose 
Published: December 2022

Objective: The antimalarial preferences, tolerability, and cost of the Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) among adult patients and caregivers are largely understudied despite being the recommended treatment for Plasmodium falciparum. We, therefore, evaluated antimalarial preferences, tolerability, and cost of the ACTs among adult patients attending the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among adult patients and their caregivers at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, using a semi-structured questionnaire. Their preferred antimalarial medication, previous use of antimalarial monotherapies, current ACT use; cost considerations, and adverse effects profile were sought.
Result: Six hundred respondents were recruited with a mean age of 41.4±16.3years and M/F ratio of 1.4. The majority (88.0 %), reported that they had between 1-5 episodes of malaria fever in a year. Only 28.2% received doctors’ prescriptions while 85.8% purchased their antimalarial medications from a pharmacy. Sixty percent of the respondents used at least one ACT; mainly Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL) 312 (52.0%). Only 9.3% reported previous adverse effects with the ACTs with 4.0% of respondents discontinuing their medications. The mean (SD) cost of purchasing ACTs was 1,516.47±760.3 (3.65 USD) Naira.
Conclusion: This study showed adult patients’ preference for the ACTs, especially Artemether-Lumefantrine despite some inclination towards antimalarial monotherapies and parenteral route. There was also a high rate of use of malaria presumptive treatment, but only a few reported adverse effects. There is a need to make ACTs affordable because the cost is still presently high for most Nigerians.
Evaluation of indocyanine-mediated photodynamic therapy cytotoxicity in human osteoblast-like cells: an in vitro study
Authors: Aghayan Shabnam , Yazdanfar Asma , Seyedjafari Ehsan , Noroozian Mohammad , Ioana Bordea Roxana , Chiniforush Nasim 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an adjunctive non-invasive procedure for the management of periodontal tissue infection and deep periodontal pocket decontamination. However, the effects of this procedure on periodontal cells like osteoblasts that play a role in periodontal tissue repair and regeneration is not yet clear.
Aim: This study aimed to investigate aPDT based on indocyanine green (ICG) on MG-63 osteoblast-like cells in vitro.
Materials and methods: MG-63 cells were treated in 9 different groups: 1) Control (untreated cells), 2) ICG alone at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL, 3) ICG alone at a concentration of 2000 µg/mL, 4) diode laser irradiation alone for 30 s, 5) laser irradiation for 30 s combined with ICG with a concentration of 1000 µg/mL, 6) laser irradiation for 30 s combined with ICG at a concentration of 2000 µg/mL, 7) laser irradiation alone for 60 s, 8) laser irradiation for 60 s combined with ICG at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL, and 9) laser irradiation for 60 s combined with ICG at a concentration of 2000 µg/mL. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay in different groups.
Results: In groups that were treated with 2000 µg/mL of ICG or diode laser irradiation at fluency of 39 J/cm2 for 60 s alone or in combination during ICG-aPDT, osteoblast-like cells viability decreased, remarkably.
Conclusions: IGC-mediated aPDT with 1000 µg/mL of ICG combined with diode laser irradiation at fluency of 39 J/cm2 for 30 s is safe for MG-63 human osteoblast-like cells; however, higher concentration of ICG or laser irradiation time will increase cells death. There is still a need for more in vivo studies.
Comparison of short term results following robotic and laparoscopic total gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection
Authors: Kostov Gancho , Dimov Rossen , Doykov Mladen 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: In the last decade, there has been a progressive shift from open to mini-invasive operative techniques for surgical resection of gastric cancer. Advanced equipment of surgical robots, with its 3D visualization, steady camera view, flexible instrument tips, attracts more and more practitioners in performing robotic gastrectomy with D2 dissection in gastric cancer patients. Thus, the comparison of some basic oncological as well as some surgical variables related to laparoscopic and robotic gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy is necessary.
Aim: The aim of the study was to compare our initial short-term results after robotic and laparoscopic gastrectomy.
Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed. For a period of four years between January 2018 and August 2022, a total number of 110 patients with total gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy due to gastric cancer operated in Department of General Surgery, Kaspela University Hospital, Plovdiv, were included into the study. They were separated in two groups: thirty-eight patients with robotic surgery and 72 with laparoscopic assisted procedure.
Results: The oncological variables such as location of tumor, nodal status, number of lymph nodes removed, and pathological tumor showed no statistically significant differences between robotic and laparoscopic group. The demographic variables as age, sex, BMI, as well as ASA score also demonstrated no remarkable difference in both groups (p&gt;0.05). The overall complication rate were similar (p=0.983).
Conclusion: We found no significant advantages of robotic over laparoscopic gastric surgery in our patients. However, we think that robotic surgery is effective, safe, and promising approach to the treatment of gastric cancer capable of correcting some of the disadvantages of laparoscopy.
Économie végétale à partir des études carpologiques du boulevard Dr Henri-Henrot à Reims/Durocortorum
Authors: Matterne Véronique 
Published: December 2022

La fouille d’un quartier de la périphérie sud de Reims, situé en bordure de la Vesle, au niveau du boulevard Dr Henri-Henrot, a livré un matériel carpologique particulièrement diversifié et riche en produits d’importation, documenté par 4 668 restes qui appartiennent à 59 taxons. Son étude apporte des informations inédites sur le degré de pénétration de la culture romaine dans la ville, au moins en ce qui concerne les pratiques de consommation et l’agriculture. Plusieurs espèces importées remarquables par leur rareté ont été mises en évidence, notamment l’amandier, le grenadier, l’olivier, le pin pignon, mais aussi la pêche, la nèfle et la mûre de mûrier noir, révélant l’importance des marchés urbains dans la mise à disposition d’aliments exotiques. On n’enregistre cependant pas de différenciations sociales par secteurs, mais plutôt le reflet d’activités spécifiques : les restes alimentaires se démarquent de ceux qui témoignent potentiellement d’une activité artisanale centrée sur la gaude. La diversification des fruitiers est surtout enregistrée au cours du iie et jusqu’au début du iiie s., périodes où la batterie de cuisine se transforme également. Il est probable que certaines espèces aient été rapidement acclimatées et produites sur place, car au moins huit complexes de vergers ont été identifiés aux alentours de la ville.
Activités artisanales sur la rive droite de la Vesle à Reims/Durocortorum
Authors: Jouhet Émilie , Brunet Michaël , Mathelart Pierre , Matterne Véronique 
Published: December 2022

Le site archéologique du boulevard Dr Henri-Henrot, situé dans un secteur excentré de l’agglomération antique en bord de Vesle, a livré plusieurs types de productions artisanales datées entre le iie et les premières décennies du ve s. apr. J.‑C. Les vestiges les plus anciens concernent les pratiques de transformation du métal, avec la présence de nombreux foyers et de couches charbonneuses contenant des battitures, et l’activité textile attestée par la découverte de fosses de stockage d’argile smectique, de nombreux pesons de métiers à tisser ainsi que d’une grande quantité de brosses à lainer. La plus importante des constructions mises au jour est un grand bâtiment rectangulaire, édifié au tout début du ive s. apr. J.‑C., mais dont la fonction précise reste à déterminer. Soigné dans son mode de construction, où le bois de chêne occupe une large place, il abrite une batterie d’au moins huit fours. La localisation de ces artisanats sur les berges de la rivière (dans le cas du bâtiment) ou légèrement en retrait (dans le cas des artisanats du métal et du textile), montre que la proximité du cours d’eau était un facteur déterminant dans les choix d’implantation.
Les vestiges fauniques de la rue Lecointre à Reims/Durocortorum : une carrière utilisée comme dépotoir
Authors: Poupon Frédéric 
Published: December 2022

Lors de la fouille réalisée au 22 rue Lecointre à Reims/Durocortorum (Marne) en 2012, une vaste carrière à ciel ouvert a pu être mise en évidence dans la partie occidentale de la zone étudiée. Elle a été utilisée comme dépotoir entre 280 et 320 apr. J.‑C. et de nombreux détritus de différente nature y ont été déversés. Parmi eux, près de 3 000 restes de faune ont été collectés. Leur analyse a permis d’identifier des déchets d’origines diverses liés aux rejets alimentaires, à la boucherie bovine, aux rebuts du travail de l’os, à l’évacuation des cadavres d’équidés ; plus surprenant, une série de restes d’ours et quelques os de daim ont été découverts. La position excentrée de ce dépotoir dans un secteur de la ville profondément démantelé pose la question de la provenance de ces déchets. La confrontation de cet ensemble à des assemblages fauniques contemporains dans un cadre topographique plus large tente d’y répondre. Ainsi, la proximité de quartiers artisanaux, de même que celle d’un temple polygonal et plus vraisemblablement de l’amphithéâtre pourraient être à l’origine d’une partie de ces détritus.
Le temple polygonal de la rue Lecointre à Reims/Durocortorum
Authors: Péchart Sébastien , Poupon Frédéric 
Published: December 2022

La localisation, la chronologie et la nature des vestiges mis au jour rue Lecointre renouvellent et complètent les données archéologiques sur l’extrémité nord de la ville du Haut-Empire. Le site constitue la première fenêtre d’observation d’un espace à vocation cultuelle à Reims/Durocortorum (Marne) pour les périodes de transition romaine précoce et alto-impériale. S’il reste délicat de statuer sur l’importance réelle à donner aux activités cultuelles ou funéraires pratiquées dans ce secteur à La Tène finale, l’enchaînement chronologique des indices, avec en particulier l’édification d’un temple polygonal dans le dernier tiers du ier s. apr. J.‑C., signale qu’une fois cristallisée, la vocation du lieu ne changera plus.
Radio Lorraine Cœur d’Acier, Longwy, 1979-1980, un outil pour mobiliser les travailleurs immigrés ?
Authors: Hayes Ingrid 
Published: December 2022

Radio Lorraine Cœur d’Acier (LCA), « radio de lutte » de la CGT, émit du 17 mars 1979 au 1er juillet 1980, depuis un studio situé dans l’ancien hôtel de ville de Longwy, en Meurthe-et-Moselle. Elle prit très au sérieux la question de l’immigration et des discriminations de tous ordres que les immigrés subissent, au point de diffuser une émission hebdomadaire, La parole aux immigrés, animée en langue arabe par des syndicalistes immigrés à destination des travailleurs immigrés. Cet article se propose de mesurer l’efficacité de la radio en termes de mobilisation des subalternes, en analysant les discours tenus, les stratégies de mobilisation mises en œuvre et la place des syndicalistes immigrés à LCA.
Fréquence Paris Plurielle : un « outil pour le mouvement » ? Une radio militante à la croisée de l’autonomie et des luttes de l’immigration
Authors: Picot Pauline 
Published: December 2022

Fondée en 1992, Fréquence Paris Plurielle est une des dernières radios associatives non commerciales de la FM parisienne. Radio militante à la fois par son positionnement dans le champ radiophonique et par son ancrage dans les mouvements sociaux, elle constitue un terrain privilégié à partir duquel interroger les liens entre radios et mobilisations. À partir d’entretiens et d’archives, cet article revient, dans une perspective socio-historique, sur la mise en œuvre d’un projet radiophonique qui se présente comme la « voix des sans-voix ». D’abord, en montrant l’ancrage de la radio dans les espaces de mobilisation de la gauche non-institutionnelle, du mouvement autonome et des luttes de l’immigration. Ensuite, sous l’angle de la sociologie des médias, on montre comment FPP s’inscrit dans une double critique des médias mainstream qui se traduit sur le plan organisationnel ; ce qui ne va pas sans générer des tensions au moment de concrétiser le projet d’une expression pluri-communautaire.
« Si on est seuls, qu’on nous le dise ». Journalisme, politique nationale et diplomatie internationale au Burundi
Authors: Fierens Marie , Rovetta Ornella 
Published: December 2022

De la fin des années 1990 à 2015, le paysage médiatique burundais fait figure d’exception en Afrique subsaharienne francophone. Mais en 2015, tout bascule. Cet article met au jour les enjeux médiatiques et politiques qui ont traversé l’histoire du Burundi, depuis les années 1990 jusqu’à aujourd’hui, pour éclairer une situation paradoxale à première vue : un paysage médiatique burundais jadis exemplaire, aujourd’hui contrôlé par le parti au pouvoir ; des journalistes burundais autrefois loués pour leur liberté de ton, désormais contraints à l’autocensure ou à l’exil ; des bailleurs de fonds historiquement très présents et aujourd’hui discrets ; et enfin, une communauté internationale longtemps investie dans le processus démocratique, aujourd’hui engagée dans une forme de normalisation de la situation, malgré les violations des droits humains.
Serologic Demonstration of a Thymus-Dependent Population of Lymph-Node Cells
Authors: Schlesinger Michael , Yron Ilana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether the sensitivity of murine lymph-node cells to isoantibodies against the ϑ and Ly-antigens depends on the presence of the thymus. Neonatal and adult mice of various strains were thymectomized and their lymph-node cells tested at various intervals after thymectomy. Following either neonatal or adult thymectomy, the lymph-node cells of RIII/Jem mice lost their sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect of ϑ-AKR antibodies. The lymph-node cells of neonatally thymectomized C57BL/6 mice became refractory to the cytotoxic effect of ϑ-C3H antibodies, whereas the cells of neonatally thymectomized DBA/1 mice became refractory to ϑ-C3H and Ly-antibodies. In C3H/An mice, neonatal thymectomy resulted in an almost complete loss of the sensitivity of lymph-node cells to ϑ-C3H and Ly-antibodies. Some neonatally thymectomized RIII mice were grafted with allogeneic thymuses, and their lymph nodes were examined 2 to 3 weeks later. The lymph nodes of such reconstituted animals contained cells displaying the ϑ isoantigenicity distinctive for the thymic graft. In addition, these lymph nodes contained a slightly greater number of host cells sensitive to ϑ antibodies than did the lymph nodes of thymectomized littermates which did not receive thymus grafts.
These results indicate that the lymph-node cells which are sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of ϑ and Ly-isoantibodies are thymus-dependent, and that at least some of them are thymus-derived. Moreover, the thymus may possibly affect the expression of the ϑ and Ly-antigens in lymph-node cells by an indirect control mechanism.
Denaturation of Lysozyme by Freund's Complete Adjuvant
Authors: Scibienski Robert J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Reduction and alkylation of the disulfide bonds of lysozyme results in a molecule which does not cross-react with the native molecule at the humoral level. Nevertheless, antilysozyme antisera induced with the aid of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) can be shown to react with the denatured form (CM-lysozyme), whereas antilysozyme antisera induced in the absence of adjuvant do not react with CM-lysozyme. The reaction of adjuvant-induced antilysozyme antisera with CM-lysozyme cannot be inhibited by lysozyme, indicating that the reaction is non-cross-reactive in nature. It is postulated that the antibodies involved arose in response to denatured forms in the immunogen, which in turn arose during emulsification in FCA.
The Role of the Inflammatory Response of Skin and Lymph Nodes in the Induction of Sensitization to Simple Chemicals
Authors: Friedlaender Mitchell H. , Chisari Francis V. , Baer Harold 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Simple chemicals which were sensitizers when applied to the skin of guinea pigs or injected in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) possessed primary irritant properties. Chemicals which were sensitizers when injected in CFA but nonsensitizers when applied to the skin had no primary irritancy. Treatment of guinea pig skin with certain inflammatory agents before skin application of chemicals from this latter group was associated with the development of contact sensitivity. While all three inflammatory agents examined induced a nonspecific inflammatory cell infiltrate, only two promoted the development of sensitivity. The two chemicals which were nonsensitizers when applied to the skin but sensitizers when injected in CFA caused expansion of the paracortical areas of the draining lymph nodes and the development of pyroninophilic blast cells in this region. It is suggested that the inflammatory properties of simple chemicals, whether inherent in the chemical or exogenous, can influence sensitization.
Correlations Between Quantitative Assay of Red Cell-Bound C3, Serologic Reactions, and Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Fischer J. , Petz L. , Garratty G. , Cooper N. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The number of molecules of C3 on human RBC was determined by the method of Borsos and Leonard (J. Immunol., 107: 766, 1971) based on inhibition of anti-C3 antibody by cell-bound C3. The assay was standardized with fluid phase C3 of known concentration and with RBC sensitized with radiolabeled C3. Normal RBC and cells sensitized with IgG gave negative results. Lewis antibody was used to sensitize RBC with C3 in vitro. In vivo sensitized RBC were obtained from 25 patients having a positive anti-C3 antiglobulin test. The antiglobulin test with anti-C3 antiglobulin serum was weakly positive with 115 molecules C3/RBC, and was strongly positive with &gt;1000 molecules C3/RBC. There was a good correlation between antiglobulin test titration score and number of molecules C3/RBC, but for a given score, there were about three times as many C3 molecules/RBC on in vitro vs. in vivo sensitized cells.
Deficiency of Hemolytic C1 in Experimental Hypogammaglobulinemia
Authors: Gabrielsen A. E. , Linna T. J. , Weitekamp D. P. , Pickering R. J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It has been known for many years that agammaglobulinemic patients tend to have deficient C1 activity, paralleled by a reduced level of C1q protein. The only complete experimental analogue of X-linked recessive agammaglobulinemia is achieved in the chicken. Total hemolytic C was titered in such chickens by Gewurz and Cooper several years ago, but to our knowledge no one has looked at their C1. A major obstacle has been the inadequacy of mammalian hemolysins in total C assays, thus almost assuring that a conventional EAC4 cell would be inadequate. We found, however, that such a cell yields a linear dose-response with chicken serum, but felt we had to examine this paradox before titering sera of hypogammaglobulinemic chickens. Rabbit hemolysin fixes chicken C but probably does not activate it to any extent. In higher dilution, in low ionic strength buffer, we believe that C1 is activated, and that it is largely activated C1 which is assayed with a standard EAC4.
Enhanced Antibody Response of Mice to Polyinosinic Polycytidylic Acid by Antithymocyte Serum and its Age-Dependent Loss in NZB/W Mice
Authors: Chused Thomas M. , Steinberg Alfred D. , Parker Leroy M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A single injection of a double stranded RNA antigen, polyinosinic·polycytidylic acid (rI·rC), in aqueous solution leads to an antibody response which is augmented when heterologous antithymocyte serum (ATS) is given with the antigen. Since the response to rI·rC is largely thymic independent, the enhancement is explainable by the elimination of regulator cells by the ATS. An additional mechanism, an adjuvant-like action of ATS, was suggested by the enhancement of the antibody response by ATS despite prior thymectomy and ATS treatment.
NZB/W mice which spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease characterized by antibodies to nucleic acids demonstrate an age-dependent loss of the ATS-mediated enhancement of the response to rI·rC. This loss of regulation of the response to nucleic acid antigens could explain their spontaneous antibody production and may be caused by spontaneously occurring antithymocyte antibody.
The Importance of Chimerism in Maintaining Tolerance of Skin Allografts in Mice
Authors: Lubaroff David M. , Silvers Willys K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The importance of the persistence of antigen for maintaining tolerance of transplantation isoantigens has been investigated. Established A strain skin grafts on CBA mice rendered tolerant at birth were destroyed by the passive transfer of C3H anti-A lymphoid cells. Evidence is presented that these C3H cells also eliminated cell chimerism and that they too were rejected. Inasmuch as such treated tolerant mice rejected subsequent A strain skin grafts, it is concluded that the destruction of these second grafts was mediated by immunologically competent cells of host genotype, i.e., cells which became competent as a result of the elimination of A strain antigens. This conclusion is supported by experiments in which tolerance was sustained in a high percentage of CBA mice who, shortly after the destruction of their original A strain grafts, received an inoculation(s) of CBA/A cells.
The Cutaneous Basophil Response to Mitogens
Authors: Stadecker Miguel J. , Leskowitz Sidney 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Basophil-rich skin reactions have been elicited in normal guinea pigs with local injections of phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweed mitogen. Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, a B cell mitogen, had no such effect.
These results suggest that T cells may mediate such reactions by releasing a factor chemotactic for basophils.
Distribution of Isotypic and Allotypic Human IgG Antigens in Non-Human Primates
Authors: Gaarder Per Ivar , Natvig Jacob B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The occurrence of a range of human isotypic and allotypic antigens in various non-human primate species was investigated. Most of the antigens were found only among the Hominoidea. However, certain isotypic antigens of IgG1 and IgG4 and allotypic antigens of IgG1 (Gm(f) and Gm(z)) and IgG3 (Gm(b0) and Gm(c5)) were found in Old World monkeys as well. IgG2 antigens were found within the Pongidae only. The subclass antigens were generally not more widely distributed than the allotypes. Several species had remarkably high serum concentrations of Gm(b0) and Gm(c5). In chimpanzees Gm(b0) may occur in several subclasses and “non b0” as an allotype within one minor subclass, thus reversing the relationship observed in man between these two antigens. The sheer multitude of iso- and allotypic antigens found makes the existence of subclasses likely in several species. Immunosorbent studies, however, provided strong evidence for the existence in chimpanzees of at least two IgG populations corresponding to subclasses.