bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chevalier Jackson: father of endoscopic surgery, and champion of women in medicine, social justice, and public health
Authors: Eriksson Sven E. , Jobe Blair A. , Ayazi Shahin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundsChevalier Jackson (1865–1958) was a pioneering force in the medical world, whose extraordinary contributions to surgery and public health have left an indelible impact. He developed the endoscope and perfected the bronchoscope, and his mastery of these tools enabled him to transform the prognosis of foreign body aspiration from 98% mortality to 98% survival. He was also a passionate advocate of public health chairing the national committee on lye legislation, which culminated in the Caustic Poison Act, responsible for poison and antidote labels. Yet Jackson’s accomplishments were not limited to these. The aim of this manuscript was to shed light on Chevalier Jackson’s lesser-known contributions to surgical science and culture, and to celebrate and honor the life of this remarkable surgeon.MethodsDigital and physical historical records from the National Library of Medicine, Smithsonian Institution, Heinz History Center in Pittsburgh PA, and Sunrise Mill Museum, Montgomery County PA were reviewed for Chevalier Jackson’s scientific, cultural, and social contributions to the field of surgery.ResultsAmong his lesser-known contributions, Chevalier Jackson was the first to describe erosive esophagitis. He developed the first standardized tracheotomy procedure, still in use today. He was ahead of his time in many ways, pioneering a multidisciplinary approach to medicine, advocating for patient-centered care, and advancing the inclusion of women in the medical profession.ConclusionChevalier Jackson’s legacy extends far beyond the tools and techniques he invented. He was a champion of social justice, a protector of patients, and an inspiration to medical professionals across the globe.
Effect of the use of platelet concentrates on new bone formation in alveolar ridge preservation: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Caponio Vito Carlo Alberto , Baca-González Laura , González-Serrano José , Torres Jesús , López-Pintor Rosa María 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the histomorphometric changes occurring in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) based on the use of different plasma concentrates (PCs) in randomized clinical trials (RCT). There is controversy whether the placement of PCs in ARP is effective in the formation of new bone.

Materials and methods
A systematic review search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database to answer the PICO question: In patients undergoing tooth extraction followed by ARP, do PCs alone in the post-extraction socket in comparison with spontaneous healing improve new vital bone formation percentage in histomorphometric analysis after more than 10 weeks? The risk of bias was assessed and a meta-analysis was conducted.

Results
Of 3809 results, 8 studies were considered suitable for inclusion. A total of 255 teeth were extracted in 250 patients. Regarding the PCs used, ARP was performed with platelet- and leukocyte-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in 120 sockets, and with pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) in 31 sockets and 104 sockets were controlled. PCs improved new bone formation in ARP with respect to the spontaneous healing group (SMD = 1.77, 95%C.I. = 1.47–2.06, p-value < 000.1). There were no differences between the different PCs (L-PRF and P-PRP).

Conclusion
The results of this meta-analysis support the efficacy of the use of PCs in new bone formation in ARP. With respect to the different types of PCs studied, no differences were observed.

Clinical relevance
When planning implant surgery after tooth extraction, treatment with PCs should be considered for ARP. Any PC increases new bone formation compared to spontaneous healing.
Supply chain disruptions would increase agricultural greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Foong Adrian , Pradhan Prajal , Frör Oliver 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe investigate the impacts of a global crisis to trade systems such as the Russia-Ukraine war on agricultural emissions, using two emissions accounting approaches: (1) the production-based approach, which only accounts for domestic emissions, and (2) the trade-adjustment approach, which considers imports and exports when calculating emissions. We find that global emissions can substantially increase in the crisis scenario. The relative degree of change, however, varies between the two approaches. At the country level, the largest increases are found in several import-dependent countries. Reasons are likely two-fold: (1) high dependence of certain countries on food imports from Russia and Ukraine, and (2) higher emission intensities (i.e., amount of emissions per unit of product) of imported food items relative to emission intensities in Russia and Ukraine. Very few countries show lower emissions in the crisis scenario. Our results thus highlight the urgent need for countries to lower domestic agricultural emission intensities to avoid negative repercussions on their domestic emissions while increasing agricultural production. Concurrently, our findings underscore the benefits of an emissions accounting process that considers trade flows. By reforming food systems and adopting a trade-adjustment approach in emissions accounting, food systems can contribute towards effective climate mitigation as well as become more resilient to global shocks.
Age effects in Darwin’s finches: older males build more concealed nests in areas with more heterospecific singing neighbors
Authors: Huge Antonia C. , Adreani Nicolas M. , Colombelli-Négrel Diane , Akçay Çağlar , Common Lauren K. , Kleindorfer Sonia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNesting success tends to increase with age in birds, in part because older birds select more concealed nest sites based on experience and/or an assessment of prevailing predation risk. In general, greater plant diversity is associated with more biodiversity and more vegetation cover. Here, we ask if older Darwin’s finch males nest in areas with greater vegetation cover and if these nest sites also have greater avian species diversity assessed using song. We compared patterns in Darwin’s Small Tree Finch (Camarhynchus parvulus) and Darwin’s Small Ground Finch (Geospiza fuliginosa) as males build the nest in both systems. We measured vegetation cover, nesting height, and con- vs. heterospecific songs per minute at 55 nests (22 C. parvulus, 33 G. fuliginosa). As expected, in both species, older males built nests in areas with more vegetation cover and these nests had less predation. A novel finding is that nests of older males also had more heterospecific singing neighbors. Future research could test whether older males outcompete younger males for access to preferred nest sites that are more concealed and sustain a greater local biodiversity. The findings also raise questions about the ontogenetic and fitness consequences of different acoustical experiences for developing nestlings inside the nest.
Modeling Gas Flows in Packed Beds with the Lattice Boltzmann Method: Validation Against Experiments
Authors: Neeraj Tanya , Velten Christin , Janiga Gabor , Zähringer Katharina , Namdar Reza , Varnik Fathollah , Thévenin Dominique , Hosseini Seyed Ali 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aims to validate the lattice Boltzmann method and assess its ability to accurately describe the behavior of gaseous flows in packed beds. To that end, simulations of a model packed bed reactor, corresponding to an experimental bench, are conducted, and the results are directly compared with experimental data obtained by particle image velocimetry measurements. It is found that the lattice Boltzmann solver exhibits very good agreement with experimental measurements. Then, the numerical solver is further used to analyze the effect of the number of packing layers on the flow structure and to determine the minimum bed height above which the changes in flow structure become insignificant. Finally, flow fluctuations in time are discussed. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the behavior of the gas flow in packed bed reactors, opening the door for further investigations involving additionally chemical reactions, as found in many practical applications.
Revisiting the Received Image of Machiavelli in Business Ethics Through a Close Reading of The Prince and Discourses
Authors: Maity Moutusy , Roy Nandita , Majumder Doyeeta , Chakravarty Prasanta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn business ethics literature, the figure of Machiavelli is often taken as a representation of that which is dark, sinister and negative—a source of inspiration for undesirable and unethical actions. In this research, we examine the evaluation of Niccolò Machiavelli’s thought in extant studies, and posit that Machiavelli’s works consist of ideas that may appear contradictory, which, coupled with historically contextualized close reading of his texts have more to offer. In this theoretical investigation, we construct new conceptual categories of a leader’s decision-making rubric and attempt to provide a structured framework that will allow us to specify the boundary conditions under which the apparent contrary views may be accommodated, by undertaking a close reading of Machiavelli’s texts. Our work contributes to business ethics literature in at least three ways. First, we present a holistic assessment of the research area that applies the tenets of Machiavelli’s writings to business ethics, management, and organizational studies, and delineate the dominant themes. We outline and substantiate the informal research networks, thought structures, and “invisible colleges” that form the intellectual framework of this research area through a bibliometric analysis and literature review. Second, we present a contextualized close reading of Machiavelli’s major treatises. Third, we reimagine the critical landscape of business ethics literature, specifically pertaining to Machiavelli’s oeuvre by shifting the single-minded focus from The Prince, by including The Discourses, which, as we show, has new and unprecedented implications for business ethics. In light of this, the parameters for ethical action by business leaders can be redrawn according to a Machiavellian schema. This marks a radical departure from the long-standing association between Machiavelli’s tenets and the absence of ethics, instead proposing a more positive and affirmative relationship between Machiavelli and business ethics. Specifically, while pointing out that the existing ethical frameworks foisted on Machiavelli’s texts do not do justice to the political philosopher’s worldview, which are complex insights into ideas of leadership, we urge researchers to incorporate the thoughts offered in this research in future investigations.
Is there a Green Dividend of National Redistribution?
Authors: Gürer Eren , Weichenrieder Alfons J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract CO2 emissions are disproportionately caused by more affluent consumers. In the political debate, this fact has triggered the demand for income redistribution and wealth taxes not only to reduce inequality but also to reduce CO2 emissions. This paper calculates the possible size of a green dividend, i.e., a reduction in total national CO2 emissions, of redistribution in 26 countries and concludes that, for most EU countries, it is negative if the redistribution is efficient, in the sense that it keeps average incomes constant. If the redistribution introduces inefficiencies that lead to total income losses, the negative green dividend, otherwise associated with additional redistribution, may be avoided.
Correction to: Optimizing Predictive Performance of Bayesian Forecasting for Vancomycin Concentration in Intensive Care Patients
Authors: Guo Tingjie , van Hest Reinier M. , Zwep Laura B. , Roggeveen Luca F. , Fleuren Lucas M. , Bosman Rob J. , van der Voort Peter H. J. , Girbes Armand R. J. , Mathot Ron A. A. , Elbers Paul W. G. , van Hasselt Johan G. C. 
Published: July 2023

This article was updated to correct Figs. 1 and 4 as author corrections were overlooked during the production process.
Effects ﻿of esketamine on patient-reported outcomes in major depressive disorder with active suicidal ideation and intent: a pooled analysis of two randomized phase 3 trials (ASPIRE I and ASPIRE II)
Authors: Jamieson Carol , Canuso Carla M. , Ionescu Dawn F. , Lane Rosanne , Qiu Xin , Rozjabek Heather , Molero Patricio , Fu Dong-Jing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the effect of esketamine nasal spray on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with major depressive disorder having active suicidal ideation with intent (MDSI).

Methods
Patient-level data from two phase 3 studies (ASPIRE I; ASPIRE II) of esketamine + standard of care (SOC) in patients (aged 18–64 years) with MDSI, were pooled. PROs were evaluated from baseline through end of the double-blind treatment phase (day 25). Outcome assessments included: Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Quality of Life (QoL) in Depression Scale (QLDS), European QoL Group-5-Dimension-5-Level (EQ-5D-5L), and 9-item Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9). Changes in BHS and QLDS scores (baseline to day 25) were analyzed using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM).

Results
Pooled data for esketamine + SOC (n = 226; mean age: 40.5 years, 59.3% females) and placebo + SOC (n = 225; mean age: 39.6 years, 62.2% females) were analyzed. Mean ± SD change from baseline to day 25, esketamine + SOC vs placebo + SOC (least-square mean difference [95% CI] based on MMRM): BHS total score, − 7.4 ± 6.7 vs − 6.8 ± 6.5 [− 1.0 (− 2.23, 0.21)]; QLDS score, − 14.4 ± 11.5 vs − 12.2 ± 10.8 [− 3.1 (− 5.21, − 1.02)]. Relative risk (95% CI) of reporting perceived problems (slight to extreme) in EQ-5D-5L dimensions (day 25) in esketamine + SOC vs placebo + SOC: mobility [0.78 (0.50, 1.20)], self-care [0.83 (0.55, 1.27)], usual activities [0.87 (0.72, 1.05)], pain/discomfort [0.85 (0.69, 1.04)], and anxiety/depression [0.90 (0.80, 1.00)]. Mean ± SD changes from baseline in esketamine + SOC vs placebo + SOC for health status index: 0.23 ± 0.21 vs 0.19 ± 0.22; and for EQ-Visual Analogue Scale: 24.0 ± 27.2 vs 19.3 ± 24.4. At day 25, mean ± SD in domains of TSQM-9 scores in esketamine + SOC vs placebo + SOC were: effectiveness, 67.2 ± 25.3 vs 56.2 ± 26.8; global satisfaction, 69.9 ± 25.2 vs 56.3 ± 27.8; and convenience, 74.0 ± 19.4 vs 75.4 ± 18.7.

Conclusion
These PRO data support the patient perspective of the effect associated with esketamine + SOC in improving health-related QoL in patients with MDSI.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: ASPIRE I, NCT03039192 (Registration date: February 1, 2017); ASPIRE II, NCT03097133 (Registration date: March 31, 2017).
Development of a novel mesh model to define a new index “amount of stone” to evaluate calculus and predicting the lithotripsy time
Authors: Wei Bingjian , Fu Yang , Ma Aidi , Hong Li , Wang Yunyan , Gu Shuo , Ji Lu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
Develop a mesh model to define a new “index amount of stone” to evaluate calculus and predict lithotripsy time.

Methods
The stones were divided into target units with diameter of 5 mm by the mesh from x, y and z directions, and the cross-sectional areas between units were calculated as amount of stone as a new index to evaluate calculus. Design a prospective study with 112 cases of percutaneous nephrolithotomy to verify the reliability of this index, and to compare the accuracy of the quantity, volume and maximum diameter of stones in predicting the time of lithotripsy.

Results
Amount of stone (Q) is reliable. The lithotripsy time was significantly correlated with the amount of stone, volume and maximum diameter of the stone (p < 0.01). The three regression equations were valid. The linear fit in the amount group was larger than that in the volume group, and further larger than that in the maximum diameter group, with R2 values of 0.716, 0.661 and 0.471, respectively.

Conclusions
It is more accurate and convenient to use amount of stone to evaluate calculus, which can be used to predict the lithotripsy time.
Influence of the Sulfur Species on the Current Efficiency and Carbon Consumption in the Aluminum Electrolysis Process
Authors: Ambrová Marta , Korenko Michal , Szatmáry Lórant 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe influence of sulfur species on the current efficiency and carbon consumption in the aluminum electrolysis was investigated. Prebaked and graphite anodes with varying levels of sulfur were used. It was found that increasing the sulfur content in the anodes decreases the current efficiency and increases the carbon consumption of both types of anodes. The current efficiency decreased by 1.3 pct and the carbon consumption rose by 6.1 pct per 1 wt pct S in the prebaked anodes. The addition of sodium sulfate to the electrolyte during electrolysis with graphite anodes led to a decrease in current efficiency from 0.9 to 1.0 pct per 1 wt pct S, and to an increase in carbon consumption from 3.1 to 7.0 pct per 1 wt pct S. Electrolyte analysis showed the presence of sulfates, sulfides and polysulfides. Some link between sulfur content in the anodes and sulfur content in the electrolyte and outgoing gases was found. A comparison of the polarized and non-polarized conditions showed that the electrolysis increases the sulfur depletion from the cell and promotes the formation of soluble sulfides. Reactions of sulfur participation in redox processes have also been proposed.
Langfrist-Prognose von Performance-Indizes: Vergleich einiger Verfahren
Authors: Bamberg Günter , Heiden Sebastian , Krapp Michael 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungLangfrist-Prognosen sind typischerweise problematischer als Kurzfrist-Prognosen. Im Kapitalmarktkontext ist die Sachlage jedoch umgekehrt, da verlässliche Kurzfrist-Prognosen durch Arbitrageure sofort zunichte gemacht würden. Ex ante ist der Performance-Index am Prognosehorizont eine extrem rechtsschief verteilte Zufallsvariable. Prognosen, die auf dessen Modalwert abzielen, sind daher viel zu pessimistisch. Prognosen, die auf den Erwartungswert abzielen, sind dagegen zu optimistisch. Von den drei prominenten Lagemaßen ist nur der Median in der Lage, als Basis für eine verlässliche Prognose zu dienen. Es werden einige Praktiker-Verfahren untereinander und mit einem neuen Prognoseverfahren verglichen, welches auf der erwartungstreuen Schätzung des Medians beruht. Zur Illustration der Verfahren und der resultierenden Prognosen werden Daten des DAX bis 2022 verwendet. Es zeigt sich unter anderem, dass der erwartungstreue Median-Schätzer bessere Prognosen als das beste ‚Praktiker-Verfahren‘ liefert.
Conservation of vCJD Strain Properties After Extraction and In Vitro Propagation of PrPSc from Archived Formalin-Fixed Brain and Appendix Tissues Using Highly Sensitive Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification
Authors: Suleiman Suzanne , McGuire Lynne I. , Chong Angela , Ritchie Diane L. , Boyle Aileen , McManus Lee , Brydon Fraser , Smith Colin , Knight Richard , Green Alison , Diack Abigail B. , Barria Marcelo A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Three retrospective lymphoreticular tissue studies (Appendix I, II, and III) aimed to estimate the UK prevalence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), following exposure of the population to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent, in the late 1980s and 1990s. These studies evaluated the presence of abnormal prion protein aggregates, in archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) appendectomy samples, by immunohistochemical detection. Although there was concordance in the estimated prevalence of vCJD from these studies, the identification of positive specimens from pre- and post-BSE-exposure periods in Appendix III study has raised questions regarding the nature and origin of the detected abnormal prion protein. We applied a robust and novel approach in the extraction of disease-associated prion protein (PrPSc) present in frozen and FFPE samples of brain and appendix from a patient with pathologically confirmed vCJD. The extracted material was used to seed the highly sensitive protein misfolding cyclic amplification assay (hsPMCA) to investigate the in vitro and in vivo propagation properties of the extracted abnormal prion protein. We demonstrate that PrPSc can be successfully extracted from FFPE appendix tissue and propagated in vitro. Bioassay in wild-type and gene-targeted mouse models confirmed that the extracted and amplified product is infectious and retains strain properties consistent with vCJD. This provides a highly sensitive and reliable platform for subsequent analysis of the archived FFPE appendix tissue derived from the Appendix II and III surveys, to further evaluate the nature of the abnormal PrP detected in the positive samples.
A Review of Recent Manufacturing Technologies for Sustainable Soft Actuators
Authors: Lalegani Dezaki Mohammadreza , Bodaghi Mahdi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSoft actuators have brought significant advancements to robotics, allowing robots to perform a diverse range of tasks across various domains. However, the increased use of soft actuators has resulted in negative environmental impacts, including material consumption, waste generation, and energy consumption. To address these challenges, research is increasingly focused on developing sustainable soft actuators (SSAs) that can provide high performance while minimizing environmental harm. This review article aims to explore the development and manufacturing of SSAs and their potential to reduce material waste and energy consumption promoting sustainability. The article examines various categories of soft actuators, such as multi-responsive ones, shape-locking variants, and biological water-responsive models, as well as their implementation through multi-material printing and, 3D and 4D printing techniques. The article also highlights the potential applications of these SSAs, including manufacturing, human–machine interaction, locomotion, and manipulation. Furthermore, the review explores various methods for reducing energy consumption and material waste in soft actuators, such as using recycled materials and eco-friendly manufacturing processes for a circular economy. Finally, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of SSAs and their potential to steer the evolution of robotics towards a more sustainable future and a circular economy.
Kernel-mask knowledge distillation for efficient and accurate arbitrary-shaped text detection
Authors: Chen Honghui , Qiu Yuhang , Jiang Mengxi , Lin Jianhui , Chen Pingping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently, segmentation-based approaches have been proposed to tackle arbitrary-shaped text detection. The trade-off between speed and accuracy is still a challenge that hinders its deployment in practical applications. Previous methods adopt complex pipelines to improve accuracy while ignoring inference speed. Moreover, the performance of most efficient scene text detectors often suffers from weak feature extraction when equipping lightweight networks. In this paper, we propose a novel distillation method for efficient and accurate arbitrary-shaped text detection, termed kernel-mask knowledge distillation. Our approach equips a low computational-cost visual transformer module (VTM) and a feature adaptation layer to make full use of feature-based and response-based knowledge in distillation. More specifically, first, the text features are obtained by aggregating the multi-level information extracted in the respective backbones of the teacher and student networks. Second, the text features are respectively sent to the VTM to enhance the feature representation ability. Then, we distill the feature-based and response-based kernel knowledge of the teacher network to obtain an efficient and accurate arbitrary-shaped text detection model. Extensive experiments on publicly available datasets demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of our method. It is worth noting that our method can achieve a competitive F-measure of 86.92% at 34.5 FPS on Total-text. Code is available at https://github.com/giganticpower/KKDnet.