bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriate pre-transplant strategy for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes receiving allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation after myeloablative conditioning
Authors: Wang Hong , Wang Qingyuan , Qi Jiaqian , Li Xueqian , Chu Tiantian , Qiu Huiying , Fu Chengcheng , Tang Xiaowen , Ruan Changgeng , Wu Depei , Han Yue 
Published: March 2023

PurposeAppropriate pre-transplant strategies in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remain challenging. We sought to assess the effect of different pre-transplant therapies and transplantation interval times on patient prognosis.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed clinical data for 371 consecutive MDS patients after myeloablative transplantation between 2007 and 2019.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 38 years (range, 12–64 years). A total of 114 patients (31%) received supportive care (SC), 108 (29%) hypomethylating agents (HMAs), and 149 (40%) chemotherapy-based therapy before transplantation. In patients who received HMA or SC, there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS; P=0.151) or relapse-free survival (RFS; P=0.330), except that HMA-treated patients had a lower rate of non-relapse mortality (5-year NRM: 18% vs. 32%, P=0.035). However, compared with patients who received HMA, those who received chemotherapy-based therapy had a lower 5-year OS rate (56% vs. 69%, P=0.020) and a slightly higher 5-year NRM rate (28% vs. 18%, P=0.067). Compared to the delayed transplant group (transplant interval ≥6 months), the early transplant group (transplant interval &lt;6 months) had a superior 5-year OS (66% vs. 51%, P=0.001) and a lower 5-year cumulative incidence of NRM (22% vs. 36%, P=0.001).ConclusionThe findings of the study indicate that receiving an appropriate pre-transplant strategy (SC/HMA + &lt;6 months) significantly improves OS and decreases NRM in MDS patients after myeloablative transplantation.
Ophiotholia (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): A little-known deep-sea genus present in polymetallic nodule fields with the description of a new species
Authors: Eichsteller Angelina , Martynov Alexander , O’Hara Timothy D. , Christodoulou Magdalini , Korshunova Tatiana , Bribiesca-Contreras Guadalupe , Martinez Arbizu Pedro 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the Northeast Pacific Ocean holds the largest deposits of polymetallic nodules at abyssal depths. These nodules are rock formations containing valuable metals and minerals targeted for mining. They further provide diverse habitat for a range of deep-sea species. Little is known so far on the taxonomy, natural history and biogeography of these deep-sea animals which is vital for accurate assessment of the risk of species extinctions from large-scale mining. One of the most abundant megafaunal groups in the CCZ is the Ophiuroidea (brittle stars), of which Ophiotholia is one of the more abundant genera found in the area. The genus Ophiotholia has a world-wide distribution and currently holds six species.MethodsMaterial collected from seven scientific cruises to the CCZ was examined, morphologically, together with comparative material from all the known species. The small size and the damage caused during sampling often impeded their identification. The specimens were also genetically analyzed using a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene. Scanning Electron Microscope images of the key microstructural characters were made using selected specimens from CCZ as well as from the comparative material. Result and discussionOne morphotype was identified as the known species Ophiotholia supplicans Lyman, 1880, while the second is new to science and is described in this paper. The umbrella spines and the arrangement of their articulations on the lateral arm plate, were selected as the most relevant morphological characters in the taxonomy of the genus Ophiotholia and a revised identification key of all characters from all known Ophiotholia species is provided as a table in the supplement material. The identification and description of such a little-known genus improves the evaluation of the biodiversity not only in the CCZ but also for the deep sea.
Quality of vision and outcomes after bilateral implantation of pseudo-non diffracting beam IOL
Authors: Pedrotti Emilio , Bonacci Erika , Kilian Raphael , Pagnacco Camilla , Anastasi Marco , Ventura Mariacarmela , Marchini Giorgio 
Published: March 2023

PurposeTo analyze the objective and subjective visual performances of a new hybrid refractive/aspheric extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL).MethodsIn this monocentric prospective study patients with bilateral cataracts underwent cataract surgery and were implanted with a Lucidis IOL (SAV-IOL SA, Neuchâtel, Switzerland) in both eyes, 1 week apart from each other. At 3 months from implantation postoperative evaluations included monocular and binocular uncorrected and distance-corrected distant (4 m), intermediate (80 cm, 67 cm) and near (40 cm) visual acuities (UDVA/DCVA, UI80-67VA/DCI80-67VA, UNVA/DCNVA), binocular defocus curves, halometry, contrast sensitivity and objective quality-of-vision measurements. Also, patients were also asked to complete the national eye institute refractive error quality of life (NEI-RQL-42) questionnaire.ResultsTwenty-five patients (50 eyes) were included. The mean postoperative binocular UDVA, UI80VA, UI67VA and UNVA were-0.02 ± 0.13, 0.05 ± 0.09, 0.05 ± 0.08 and 0.03 ± 0.1 LogMar, and did not significantly differ from their corrected counterparts. On binocular defocus curves a VA ≥0.05LogMar was found between +0.50 and − 2.50 D of vergence, whereas the mean distance from the central stimulus on halometry was 1.23 ± 0.01. Mean ocular and corneal radical mean square at 4 mm were 0.31 ± 0.28 and 0.19 ± 0.07, respectively; whereas the mean Strehl ratio was 0.2 ± 0.09.ConclusionLucidis IOLs demonstrated excellent visual performances, especially at close distances while maintain good quality of vision, contrast sensitivity, and overall patient-satisfaction.
Habitat and tree species identity shape aboveground and belowground fungal communities in central European forests
Authors: Hofmann Benjamin , Dreyling Lukas , Dal Grande Francesco , Otte Jürgen , Schmitt Imke 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionTrees interact with fungi in mutualistic, saprotrophic, and pathogenic relationships. With their extensive aboveground and belowground structures, trees provide diverse habitats for fungi. Thus, tree species identity is an important driver of fungal community composition in forests.MethodsHere we investigate how forest habitat (bark surface vs. soil) and tree species identity (deciduous vs. coniferous) affect fungal communities in two Central European forests. We assess differences and interactions between fungal communities associated with bark surfaces and soil, in forest plots dominated either by Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, or Pinus sylvestris in two study regions in southwestern and northeastern Germany.ResultsITS metabarcoding yielded 3,357 fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in the northern and 6,088 in the southern region. Overall, soil communities were 4.7 times more diverse than bark communities. Habitat type explained 48–69% of the variation in alpha diversity, while tree species identity explained &gt;1–3%. NMDS ordinations showed that habitat type and host tree species structured the fungal communities. Overall, few fungal taxa were shared between habitats, or between tree species, but the shared taxa were highly abundant. Network analyses, based on co-occurrence patterns, indicate that aboveground and belowground communities form distinct subnetworks.DiscussionOur study suggests that habitat (bark versus soil) and tree species identity are important factors structuring fungal communities in temperate European forests. The aboveground (bark-associated) fungal community is currently poorly known, including a high proportion of reads assigned to “unknown Ascomycota” or “unknown Dothideomycetes.” The role of bark as a habitat and reservoir of unique fungal diversity in forests has been underestimated.
Aging-related changes in reward-based decision-making depend on punishment frequency: An fMRI study
Authors: Ren Ping , Luo Guozhi , Huang Jiayin , Tan Meiling , Wu Donghui , Rong Han 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionAging is often accompanied by significant cognitive decline and altered decision making. Previous studies have found that older adults have difficulty in processing reward/risk information, leading to suboptimal decision strategy. However, it is still under investigated about the neural substrates of risky decision-making under ambiguity in aging.MethodsUsing the Iowa Gambling Task, the current study investigated inter-individual differences of risk-taking behaviors in healthy older adults with task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsIt was found that participants were able to improve their decisions in advantageous decks, but failed to avoid disadvantageous decks during task performance. The task-related activations within multiple brain regions were observed significantly different across the four decks, and showed negative correlations with age in disadvantageous decks but not in advantageous decks. Consistently, age-related whole brain analyses confirmed the negative age-effect on brain activations in disadvantageous decks, especially in high punishment frequency. In addition, the relationship between age and task performance in high punishment frequency was mediated by activation in the frontal subregions such as the middle frontal cortex and superior medial frontal cortex.DiscussionOur findings shed light on the neural substrates of altered risk-taking behaviors in aging, suggesting a greater sensitivity to high punishment frequency in older adults.
Energy-efficient and noise-tolerant neuromorphic computing based on memristors and domino logic
Authors: Hendy Hagar , Merkel Cory 
Published: March 2023

The growing scale and complexity of artificial intelligence (AI) models has prompted several new research efforts in the area of neuromorphic computing. A key aim of neuromorphic computing is to enable advanced AI algorithms to run on energy-constrained hardware. In this work, we propose a novel energy-efficient neuromorphic architecture based on memristors and domino logic. The design uses the delay of memristor RC circuits to represent synaptic computations and a simple binary neuron activation function. Synchronization schemes are proposed for communicating information between neural network layers, and a simple linear power model is developed to estimate the design’s energy efficiency for a particular network size. Results indicate that the proposed architecture can achieve 1.26 fJ per classification per synapse and achieves high accuracy on image classification even in the presence of large noise.
Predictive neuromodulation of cingulo-frontal neural dynamics in major depressive disorder using a brain-computer interface system: A simulation study
Authors: Fang Hao , Yang Yuxiao 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising therapy for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD involves the dysfunction of a brain network that can exhibit complex nonlinear neural dynamics in multiple frequency bands. However, current open-loop and responsive DBS methods cannot track the complex multiband neural dynamics in MDD, leading to imprecise regulation of symptoms, variable treatment effects among patients, and high battery power consumption.MethodsHere, we develop a closed-loop brain-computer interface (BCI) system of predictive neuromodulation for treating MDD. We first use a biophysically plausible ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC)-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) neural mass model of MDD to simulate nonlinear and multiband neural dynamics in response to DBS. We then use offline system identification to build a dynamic model that predicts the DBS effect on neural activity. We next use the offline identified model to design an online BCI system of predictive neuromodulation. The online BCI system consists of a dynamic brain state estimator and a model predictive controller. The brain state estimator estimates the MDD brain state from the history of neural activity and previously delivered DBS patterns. The predictive controller takes the estimated MDD brain state as the feedback signal and optimally adjusts DBS to regulate the MDD neural dynamics to therapeutic targets. We use the vACC-dlPFC neural mass model as a simulation testbed to test the BCI system and compare it with state-of-the-art open-loop and responsive DBS treatments of MDD.ResultsWe demonstrate that our dynamic model accurately predicts nonlinear and multiband neural activity. Consequently, the predictive neuromodulation system accurately regulates the neural dynamics in MDD, resulting in significantly smaller control errors and lower DBS battery power consumption than open-loop and responsive DBS.DiscussionOur results have implications for developing future precisely-tailored clinical closed-loop DBS treatments for MDD.
Evaluating drug distribution in children and young adults with diffuse midline glioma of the pons (DIPG) treated with convection-enhanced drug delivery
Authors: Szychot Elwira , Bhagawati Dolin , Sokolska Magdalena Joanna , Walker David , Gill Steven , Hyare Harpreet 
Published: March 2023

AimsTo determine an imaging protocol that can be used to assess the distribution of infusate in children with DIPG treated with CED.Methods13 children diagnosed with DIPG received between 3.8 and 5.7 ml of infusate, through two pairs of catheters to encompass tumor volume on day 1 of cycle one of treatment. Volumetric T2-weighted (T2W) and diffusion-weighted MRI imaging (DWI) were performed before and after day 1 of CED. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were calculated. The tumor volume pre and post CED was automatically segmented on T2W and ADC on the basis of signal intensity. The ADC maps pre and post infusion were aligned and subtracted to visualize the infusate distribution.ResultsThere was a significant increase (p &lt; 0.001) in mean ADC and T2W signal intensity (SI) ratio and a significant (p &lt; 0.001) increase in mean tumor volume defined by ADC and T2W SI post infusion (mean ADC volume pre: 19.8 ml, post: 24.4 ml; mean T2W volume pre: 19.4 ml, post: 23.4 ml). A significant correlation (p &lt; 0.001) between infusate volume and difference in ADC/T2W SI defined tumor volume was observed (ADC, r = 0.76; T2W, r = 0.70). Finally, pixel-by-pixel subtraction of the ADC maps pre and post infusion demonstrated a volume of high signal intensity, presumed infusate distribution.ConclusionsADC and T2W MRI are proposed as a combined parameter method for evaluation of CED infusate distribution in brainstem tumors in future clinical trials.
Analysis of risk factors and treatment strategies for lumbar cistern blockage after craniocerebral surgery
Authors: Zheng Min , Tian Qilong , Wang Xuejiao , Liu Liqin , Deng Xiurui , Qu Yan , Cai Qing 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveLumbar cistern blockage is a common complication of continuous lumbar cistern drainage. This paper analyzes the risk factors for lumbar cistern blockage drainage due to various causes and proposes a series of prevention and intervention measures to reduce blockage or improve recanalization after blockage.MethodsThe clinical data of 637 patients with various lesions who underwent lumbar cistern drainage in our hospital were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Perioperative clinical and imaging data were assessed. Variates were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsA total of 13.7% (87/637) of patients had lumbar cistern blockage. Multivariate analysis revealed that drainage time (≥7 days), CSF volume &lt;200 (mL/d), CSF leakage, and abnormal CSF properties were predictors of lumbar cistern blockage. Reducing the probability of lumbar cistern blockage can be achieved by repeatedly flushing, increasing the drainage flow and shortening the drainage time. The recanalization rate after blockage was 67.8% (59/87). After the drainage tube was removed, no complications related to the drainage tube occurred during the 1-week follow-up.ConclusionLumbar cistern blockage is the main reason for poor drainage. Prevention or early intervention can effectively reduce the probability of blockage and achieve the purpose of drainage of cerebrospinal fluid.
Effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity inhibition on cognitive, behavioral, and hippocampal ultrastructural deficits in adulthood associated with adolescent methamphetamine exposure
Authors: Yan Peng , Liu Jincen , Ma Haotian , Feng Yue , Cui Jingjing , Bai Yuying , Huang Xin , Zhu Yongsheng , Wei Shuguang , Lai Jianghua 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveGlycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) has been implicated in the maintenance of synaptic plasticity, memory process, and psychostimulant-induced behavioral effects. Hyperactive GSK3β in the Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) subregion of the dorsal hippocampus (DHP) was associated with adolescent methamphetamine (METH) exposure-induced behavioral and cognitive deficits in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effects of GSK3β inhibition in adulthood on adolescent METH exposure-induced long-term neurobiological deficits.MethodsAdolescent male mice were treated with METH from postnatal day (PND) 45–51. In adulthood, three intervention protocols (acute lithium chloride systemic administration, chronic lithium chloride systemic administration, and chronic SB216763 administration within CA1) were used for GSK3β activity inhibition. The effect of GSK3β intervention on cognition, behavior, and GSK3β activity and synaptic ultrastructure in the DHP CA1 subregion were detected in adulthood.ResultsIn adulthood, all three interventions reduced adolescent METH exposure-induced hyperactivity (PND97), while only chronic systemic and chronic within CA1 administration ameliorated the induced impairments in spatial (PND99), social (PND101) and object (PND103) recognition memory. In addition, although three interventions reversed the aberrant GSK3β activity in the DHP CA1 subregion (PND104), only chronic systemic and chronic within CA1 administration rescued adolescent METH exposure-induced synaptic ultrastructure changes in the DHP CA1 subregion (PND104) in adulthood.ConclusionRescuing synaptic ultrastructural abnormalities in the dHIP CA1 subregion by chronic administration of a GSK3β inhibitor may be a suitable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of behavioral and cognitive deficits in adulthood associated with adolescent METH abuse.
Helicobacter pylori infection increase the risk of subclinical hyperthyroidism in middle-aged and elderly women independent of dietary factors: Results from the Tianjin chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and health cohort study in China
Authors: Zhang Juanjuan , Hai Xinghua , Wang Siyu , Zhu Fan , Gu Yeqing , Meng Ge , Zhang Qing , Liu Li , Wu Hongmei , Zhang Shunming , Zhang Tingjing , Wang Xing , Sun Shaomei , Zhou Ming , Jia Qiyu , Song Kun , Niu Kaijun 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundProspective studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and subclinical hyperthyroidism are limited. We, therefore, designed a large-scale cohort study to explore the association between H. pylori infection and the risk of subclinical hyperthyroidism in women.MethodsThis prospective cohort study investigated 2,713 participants. H. pylori infection was diagnosed with the carbon 13 breath test. Subclinical hyperthyroidism was defined as serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are low or undetectable but free thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine concentrations are normal. Propensity score matching (PSM) analyses and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between H. pylori infection and subclinical hyperthyroidism.ResultsA total of 1,025 PS-matched pairs of H. pylori infection women were generated after PSM. During 6 years of follow-up, the incidence rate of subclinical hyperthyroidism was 7.35/1,000 person-years. After adjusting potential confounding factors (including iodine intake in food and three main dietary patterns score), the multivariable hazard ratio (HR; 95% confidence intervals) of subclinical hyperthyroidism by H. pylori infection was 2.49 (1.36, 4.56). Stratified analyses suggested a potential effect modification by age, the multivariable HR (95% confidence intervals) was 2.85 (1.45, 5.61) in participants aged ≥ 40 years and 0.70 (0.08, 6.00) in participants aged &lt; 40 years (P for interaction = 0.048).ConclusionOur prospective study first indicates that H. pylori infection is significantly associated with the risk of subclinical hyperthyroidism independent of dietary factors among Chinese women, especially in middle-aged and older individuals.Clinical Trial Registration:https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000031137, identifier UMIN000027174.
Association between sarcopenia and kidney stones in United States adult population between 2011 and 2018
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Tian Changxiu , Wang Yidi , Zhang Houliang , Ni Jinliang , Song Wei , Shi Huajuan , Zhang Tao , Xu Changbao , Wang Keyi , Peng Bo 
Published: March 2023

PurposeTo investigate the relationship between kidney stones and sarcopenia in United States adult population between 2011 and 2018.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross-section study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) including 39,156 individuals. Sarcopenia was assessed by the sarcopenia index. Association between kidney stones and sarcopenia verified by multiple logistic regression analysis and dose–response curves analysis using restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. Meanwhile, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to exclude the effect of confounding variables.ResultsThere were 9,472 participants in the study by our accurate enrollment screening process. The odds of kidney stones decreased significantly with the increase of sarcopenia index. Logistic regression analysis showed that sarcopenia expressed significant differences in the participants which suffered kidney stone before PSM (p &lt; 0.001). In model 4, adjusting all relevant covariates shown that adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of the 95% confidence intervals for kidney stones in all participants, age &lt;39 years and age ≥40 years, were, respectively, 1.286 (1.006–1,643), 1.697 (1.065–2.702), and 0.965 (0.700–1.330) for sarcopenia, and p values were 0.044, 0.026, and 0.827. After performing PSM, the aOR of the 95% in modal 4 for kidney stones in all participants and age &lt;40 year were 2.365 (1.598–3.500) and 6.793 (2.619–17.6180), respectively (p &lt; 0.01), and especially the aOR in participants (age ≥40) was 1.771(1.138–2.757) with p value being 0.011.ConclusionSarcopenia was positively related to the potential risk of kidney stones in the United States adult population.