bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compensatory health beliefs in women in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Mazur-Skupowska Magdalena , Byrka Katarzyna 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundCompensatory health beliefs may serve as one of many self-regulatory strategies that individuals employ to maintain healthy lifestyles. Past research with samples from a general population has shown, however, that compensatory beliefs are ineffective in this regard and may even lead to inaction in future health-related behaviors such as eating healthily or being active. To better understand this phenomenon, in the present study, changes in compensatory health beliefs regarding various life domains were examined in a group of pregnant women.Participants and procedureIn a longitudinal study design, 166 women completed questionnaires in the first (t1), the second (t2), and the third (t3) tri-mester of their pregnancies. We assessed the level of their self-control as a trait (t1, t2, t3), compensatory health beliefs (t1, t2, t3), and unhealthy snacking (t3).ResultsAs predicted, self-control as a trait decreased and the levels of compensatory beliefs increased over time. A linear mixed ef-fects analysis showed that self-control was the best predictor of compensatory beliefs in the third trimester. Finally, com-pensatory health beliefs in the third trimester mediated the effect of self-control at the beginning of pregnancy on un-healthy snacking in the third trimester.ConclusionsIt appears important to support pregnant women in opting for constructive self-regulatory strategies, especially in their final trimesters, when coping resources are exhausted by the challenges of this period.
DECORRÊNCIAS DO USO DE MEDICAMENTOS PSICOTRÓPICOS NO PROCESSO DE APRENDIZAGEM E NA COGNIÇÃO DE MULHERES ENCARCERADAS
Authors: Queiroz Clésia Carneiro da Silva Freire 
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as implicações do uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos no processo de aprendizagem de mulheres encarceradas. A metodologia utilizada foi o ensaio teórico que consistiu em uma análise e síntese crítica de estudos sobre o ambiente prisional, o processo de aprendizagem e o uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos nesse contexto. Assim, a pesquisa destacou que o contexto prisional influencia o impacto dos medicamentos na cognição e aprendizagem, incluindo efeitos colaterais e a falta de apoio psicossocial e na reintegração a sociedade. A falta de estudos detalhados nessa área revelou lacunas significativas, exigindo abordagens personalizadas de tratamento. Ficou claro que o uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos não pode ser a única abordagem na reabilitação; uma abordagem holística é fundamental, integrando terapias alternativas e educação.
A single-point modeling approach for the intercomparison and evaluation of ozone dry deposition across chemical transport models (Activity 2 of AQMEII4)
Authors: Clifton Olivia E. , Schwede Donna , Hogrefe Christian , Bash Jesse O. , Bland Sam , Cheung Philip , Coyle Mhairi , Emberson Lisa , Flemming Johannes , Fredj Erick , Galmarini Stefano , Ganzeveld Laurens , Gazetas Orestis , Goded Ignacio , Holmes Christopher D. , Horváth László , Huijnen Vincent , Li Qian , Makar Paul A. , Mammarella Ivan , Manca Giovanni , Munger J. William , Pérez-Camanyo Juan L. , Pleim Jonathan , Ran Limei , San Jose Roberto , Silva Sam J. , Staebler Ralf , Sun Shihan , Tai Amos P. K. , Tas Eran , Vesala Timo , Weidinger Tamás , Wu Zhiyong , Zhang Leiming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. A primary sink of air pollutants and their precursors is dry
deposition. Dry deposition estimates differ across chemical transport
models, yet an understanding of the model spread is incomplete. Here, we
introduce Activity 2 of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International
Initiative Phase 4 (AQMEII4). We examine 18 dry deposition schemes
from regional and global chemical transport models as well as standalone
models used for impact assessments or process understanding. We configure
the schemes as single-point models at eight Northern Hemisphere locations
with observed ozone fluxes. Single-point models are driven by a common set
of site-specific meteorological and environmental conditions. Five of eight
sites have at least 3 years and up to 12 years of ozone fluxes. The
interquartile range across models in multiyear mean ozone deposition
velocities ranges from a factor of 1.2 to 1.9 annually across sites and
tends to be highest during winter compared with summer. No model is within
50 % of observed multiyear averages across all sites and seasons, but some
models perform well for some sites and seasons. For the first time, we
demonstrate how contributions from depositional pathways vary across models.
Models can disagree with respect to relative contributions from the pathways, even when
they predict similar deposition velocities, or agree with respect to the relative
contributions but predict different deposition velocities. Both stomatal and
nonstomatal uptake contribute to the large model spread across sites. Our
findings are the beginning of results from AQMEII4 Activity 2, which brings
scientists who model air quality and dry deposition together with scientists
who measure ozone fluxes to evaluate and improve dry deposition schemes in
the chemical transport models used for research, planning, and regulatory
purposes.
Two-phase reactive transport modeling of heterogeneous gas production in a low- and intermediate-level waste repository
Authors: Vehling Falko , Shao Haibing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The widely proposed approach to dispose of low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste is to store it in a deep underground repository with multiple barriers. A typical gallery is filled with concrete containers accommodating cemented steel drums of waste. Inside a container, different gases may be produced by (bio)chemical reactions, which include pH-dependent anoxic corrosion of metals and the degradation of organic matter. Both reactions consume water and may lead to pressure buildup and transport of gas, both within and around the repository. In order to investigate the controlling factors of this gas production
process, a coupled reactive transport model of component-based two-phase flow in the OpenGeoSys framework is adopted here. The numerical study of Huang et
al. (2021) has shown that a realistic internal structure of a waste package, including the heterogeneous distribution of materials with different chemical and hydrological properties, and the exchange of mass at the boundaries are key factors that determine the evolution of the waste
package. Based on the study of Huang et al. (2021), the geometric configuration of the model has been further extended to reflect the various
conditions of a multi-container disposal in a gallery. In a two-dimensional
setup several model scenarios have been designed and simulated to study the
change in gas production rate over time in relation to water availability in various geological and waste storage setups. In this presentation, we show simulation results covering the geochemical
evolution of a waste package over 500 years. It is found that the initial
water content in the waste compartment only controls the gas production rate
for the first 40 to 60 years. The early pressure buildup and gas release
rates are largely controlled by several critical parameters, including the permeability of cement material and water availability at the boundary. The
sensitivity of these parameters is currently being investigated in detail.
Biosphere modelling in the calculation basis for dose assessment for a final disposal of high-level radioactive waste
Authors: Diener Alexander , Steiner Martin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The government of Germany decided to isolate high-level radioactive waste
(HLW) in deep geological formations. Such a site should guarantee the highest
possible level of safety over a period of 1×106 years. The Federal
Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety and
Consumer Protection (BMUV) asked the Federal Office for the Safety of
Nuclear Waste Management (BASE) and the Federal Office for Radiation
Protection (BfS) to develop a directive for dose assessment for a final
disposal of HLW, which has to be used for the site
selection process by the Federal Company for Radioactive Waste Disposal (BGE mbH), the operator of the future HLW repository. This regulation contains detailed provisions for the gas-bound and
water-bound radionuclide transport in the geosphere and biosphere and for
the dose estimation of the public. It is built upon established concepts in
radioecology and dosimetry. The comprehensive set of instructions is a toolbox for the dose estimation of a fictive representative person, one of the
indicators of the safety of the repository. Modelling of the biosphere over
1×106 years is impossible because natural processes and human activities affect the evolution of the biosphere in an unpredictable way. In addition, human habits like the way of life and agricultural practices cannot be predicted even for only hundreds of years. Therefore, it was laid down in another German regulation that the current human habits have to be assumed over the period under consideration. Existing models and parameters of current German regulations for public dose calculations have been adjusted to the specific conditions of a final repository and complemented where necessary. The challenge of how to take into account the future climate and its implications on the biosphere was solved by using reference biospheres covering all possible evolutions of the biosphere including climate transitions. The application of reference biospheres to cover climate changes is a common approach in comparable safety analyses. Germany favours the enveloping approach described above that implicitly comprises all possible climatic conditions and the corresponding evolutions of the
biosphere. The decisions on how to deal with the unknown future were the
results of discussions between BMUV, BASE, and BfS. To ensure transparency and participation in the site selection of the
HLW repository, the draft regulation was presented to the public, stakeholders, and the scientific community, providing the opportunity to
comment on every part of the content. This consultation process and an
expert workshop were the basis of the revision of the draft regulation. The
final regulation was published at the end of 2022. The participation process helped
to improve the document and to achieve a broader public acceptance. BASE and
BfS are currently working on a comprehensive explanatory text to address all
of the several hundreds of comments in detail.
Intra- vs. intergenerational justice tradeoffs in nuclear waste storage (W01)
Authors: Seidl Roman , Drögemüller Cord , Sierra Rosa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. We propose a workshop in two parts (approx. 90 min each) to discuss (i)
general dilemmas due to the long time range until an operable solution for
the waste problem is found and (ii) an ethics-inspired discussion on the
extra burden for communities hosting interim storage sites (based on
empirical data). In the first part, we highlight the twofold responsibility concerning the current generation's decision-making perspective for present and future generations. According to our survey data and a debate with citizens, we see the need to discuss the respective weighing of directly affected generations during the next few decades (until the repository's closure, which affects about four to five generations) compared to the justice for (five+) future generations in the following decades and centuries (see the figure in the Supplement). Questions are, for instance, is discounting the ethical relevance of future generations justified, necessary or forbidden? In the second part, we explore the consequences of the delayed final storage in Germany on the current interim storage sites. Following conversations with citizens (in Brokdorf, October 2022, and in Lubmin, March/April 2023) we investigate the tradeoffs between guaranteeing the safety in these sites and developing and implementing new concepts for long-term storage at these or new sites before commencing with final storage. In terms of safety and fairness, invasive monitoring of casks or storage in a new centralized interim repository would be welcomed by some. However, both possible measures conflict with long-term practices (e.g., approving licenses for several decades or the long-term planning for the final repository). Important questions to be discussed are, among others, how much time may current generations take to identify the most suitable site? How can addressing all three time horizons specified in the Site Selection Act help to contextualize delays in the initial steps? What are the risks and opportunities associated with delayed deep geological disposal (economic, social, political, etc.)? To what extent may intragenerational (current generations) justice discount for generations in
the far future? How can the prolongation of interim storage be justified? We propose a specific format during the workshop in which participants work in small groups using the rich picture methodology (https://naturwissenschaften.ch/co-producing-knowledge-explained/methods/method_factsheets/rich_picture, last access: 12 June 2023). This format is suitable for work in small groups to visualize (consensus or divergent views on) complex problems, structures and interrelationships between agents. The results from the small groups are then presented and discussed in the plenary. The respective answers to the key questions may provide possible practice-oriented results for responsible decision-makers (e.g., at BASE Bundesamt für die Sicherheit der nuklearen Entsorgung (Federal Office For The Safety Of Nuclear Waste Management)).
Advanced analysis of ultrasonic investigations at sealing structures
Authors: Lay Vera , Büttner Christoph , Buske Stefan , Niederleithinger Ernst 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Engineering barrier systems are a crucial part of the safe underground disposal of radioactive waste, particularly with salt as a host rock. Sealing structures made of tailored concrete are being tested at various sites in Germany. To characterise the material properties of the concrete and potentially also the bonding to the host rock as part of the necessary subsurface structures, we apply non-destructive testing, making use of advanced geophysical imaging methods. Ultrasonic investigations have been carried out at underground concrete
structures in the Teutschenthal mine in Germany. Here, we show results from
two distinct constructions produced in a shotcrete procedure. Our goal is to analyse the performance of ultrasonics to be used as quality assurance for sealing structures made from shotcrete. First, a ∼10 m long shotcrete structure is investigated with the help of a unique large aperture ultrasonic system (LAUS), allowing for depth penetration of >9 m. We perform measurements at the front and from the side of the construction. Second, we obtain results from a 1 m thick shotcrete body containing several artificial defects (width up to 8 cm). Ultrasonic testing data were acquired using a commercial multi-static device. Additionally, a new device measuring with 3D mode instead of line mode is applied, and preliminary results will be shown. Generally, the acquired ultrasonic data are analysed by a synthetic
aperture focusing technique that is commonly applied in non-destructive
testing. As a result, reflectors in the analysed shotcrete structures are
imaged. Individual reflections from internal features and particularly the
opposite wall are identified. An unexpected delamination wider than 30 cm is clearly imaged and later verified by boreholes. Thus, the method is – in general – suitable to serve as a quality measure. However, particularly the small and deep artificial defects can hardly be identified in the resulting images. Thus, we use advanced geophysical imaging methods to further enhance the quality of the obtained images. The recorded ultrasonic energy is focused on the physically reflective origin in the analysed volume. First results clearly show that we successfully improve the image quality regarding noise level and artefacts and hence facilitate the detection of objects. Therefore, we present a valuable experiment under realistic conditions for underground sealing structures made from shotcrete, where the locations of artificial reflectors are partly known. This experiment serves as a unique basis to analyse the performance of advanced analysis methods to obtain high-quality images of the structure's interior. Hence, the developed ultrasonic testing and analysis schemes can serve as a part of quality assurance that will help to enable safe sealing structures for nuclear waste disposal.
Classification of large-scale environments that drive the formation of mesoscale convective systems over southern West Africa
Authors: Nkrumah Francis , Klein Cornelia , Quagraine Kwesi Akumenyi , Berkoh-Oforiwaa Rebecca , Klutse Nana Ama Browne , Essien Patrick , Quenum Gandomè Mayeul Leger Davy , Koffi Hubert Azoda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are frequently observed over southern West Africa (SWA) throughout most of the year. These MCS events are the dominant rain-bearing systems, contributing over 50 % of annual rainfall over SWA. However, it has not yet been identified what variations in typical large-scale environments of the seasonal cycle of the West African monsoon may favour MCS occurrence in this region. Here, nine distinct synoptic states are identified and are further associated with being a synoptic-circulation type of either
a dry, transition, or monsoon season using self-organizing maps (SOMs) with inputs from reanalysis data. We identified a
pronounced annual cycle of MCS numbers with frequency peaks in April and
October that can be associated with the start of rainfall during the major
rainy season and the maximum rainfall for the minor rainy season across SWA,
respectively. Comparing daily MCS frequencies, MCSs are most likely to
develop during transition conditions featuring a northward-displaced
moisture anomaly (2.8 MCSs per day), which can be linked to strengthened
low-level westerlies. Considering that these transition conditions occur
predominantly during the pre- and post-monsoon period, these patterns may in
some cases be representative of monsoon onset conditions or a delayed
monsoon retreat. On the other hand, under monsoon conditions, we observe
weakened low-level south-westerlies during MCS days, which reduce moisture
content over the Sahel but introduce more moisture over the coast. Finally,
we find a majority of MCS-day synoptic states exhibiting positive zonal wind
shear anomalies. Seasons with the strongest zonal wind shear anomalies are
associated with the strongest low-level temperature anomalies to the north
of SWA, highlighting that a warmer Sahel can promote MCS-favourable
conditions in SWA. Overall, the SOM-identified synoptic states converge
towards high-moisture and high-shear conditions on MCS days in SWA, where
the frequency at which these conditions occur depends on the synoptic state.
ПОДБОР АДЬЮВАНТА ДЛЯ ВВЕДЕНИЯ В СОСТАВ ВАКЦИНЫ ПРОТИВ ГРИБА HISTOPLASMA FARCIMINOSUM
Authors: К. К., Тилеуханов , Б. А Еспембетов , Н. Н Зинина , М. Ж Каукарбаева , Е.Ж. Шалғынбек 
Published: September 2023

АННОТАЦИЯ
Эпизоотический лимфангит, это изнуряющее грибковое заболевание, вызываемое изолятом Histoplasma farciminosum, которое в основном встречается у лошадей. Его наиболее распространенной формой является язвенный, гнойный, однако у некоторых животных могут развиться поражения других органов, особенно дыхательные пути или глаз. Лечение не проводят. Коммерческих вакцин против эпизоотического лимфангита не существует, хотя некоторые сообщения свидетельствуют о том, что живые и инактивированные вакцины были испытаны (и, возможно, использованы) в некоторых эндемичных регионах (например, в нашей республике и Китае) и оказались многообещающими.
Эффективность вакцин, вызывающих стойкий напряженный иммунитет и сокращения сроков создания защитного иммунитета, зависит не только от количества и качества антигена, но и от подобранных адъювантов способных усиливать процесс иммунизации.
В связи с этим одной из следующих целей исследования являлся подбор наиболее оптимального адъюванта для инактивированной вакцины против лимфангоита лошадей, повышающий специфический иммунный ответ.
На основе анализа данных зарубежной литературы, а также собственных результатов, полученных на основе ранее проведенных экспериментов в качестве наиболее перспективного адъюванта нами выбран адъювант на водной основе, содержащий дисперсию высокомолекулярного полиакрилового полимера Montanide Gel 01 PR (Seppic, Франция), отличающийся высокой безопасностью, эффективностью, простотой использования и экономической целесообразносью.
Development and validation of a work-related risk score for upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders in a French working population
Authors: Rapicault Clémence , Roquelaure Yves , Bodin Julie , Fouquet Natacha , Bertrais Sandrine 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES: The aim was to develop an easy-to-use risk score based on occupational factors and to validate its performance to identify workers either having (diagnostic setting) or developing (prognostic setting) upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSD).
METHODS: This study relied on data from the Cosali prospective cohort conducted in a French working population. Diagnostic status for six UEMSD at inclusion and at follow-up was assessed by a standardized clinical examination. Data on occupational factors were collected through a self-administered questionnaire completed before the clinical examination at inclusion. The risk score was derived from a prediction model developed on data of 2,468 workers included in 2002-2003, and the validation sample is composed of 1,051 workers included later in 2004-2005. The prognostic performance of the risk score was assessed in workers without UEMSD at baseline.
RESULTS: A total of 13% and 12% of workers had a UEMSD at inclusion in the development and validation sample. The developed risk score includes physical, organizational and psychosocial factors at work. In the validation sample, this score had acceptable performance for identifying workers having or not UEMSD at baseline (AUC: 0.60 [95% CI 0.57 to 0.63]), in particular the negative predictive value was high (89%-90%). The baseline risk score showed similar performance for predicting incident UEMSD at follow-up examination.
CONCLUSION: This score can be useful as a first-line risk assessment tool, especially for excluding the low-risk work situations from further intervention by an ergonomist. Further validation studies are needed to determine its performance among various working populations.