bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased renal function among children born to women with obstructed labour in Eastern Uganda: a cohort study
Authors: Mukunya David , Oguttu Faith , Nambozo Brendah , Nantale Ritah , Makoko Tonny Brian , Napyo Agnes , Tumuhamye Josephine , Wani Solomon , Auma Prossy , Atim Ketty , Okello Dedan , Wamulugwa Joan , Ssegawa Lawrence , Wandabwa Julius , Kiguli Sarah , Chebet Martin , Musaba Milton W , Nahurira Doreck 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Over two million children and adolescents suffer from chronic kidney disease globally. Early childhood insults such as birth asphyxia could be risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease in infancy. Our study aimed to assess renal function among children aged two to four years, born to women with obstructed labour.
Methods
We followed up 144 children aged two to four years, born to women with obstructed labor at Mbale regional referral hospital in Eastern Uganda. We used estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by the Schwartz formula to calculate eGFR (0.413*height)/ serum creatinine as a measure of renal function. eGFR less than 90 ml/min/1.73m2 was classified as decreased renal function.
Results
The mean age of the children was 2.8 years, standard deviation (SD) of 0.4 years. Majority of the children were male (96/144: 66.7%). The mean umbilical lactate level at birth among the study participants was 8.9 mmol/L with a standard deviation (SD) of 5.0. eGFR values ranged from 55 to 163ml/min/1.72m2, mean 85.8 ± SD 15.9. One third (31.3%) 45/144 had normal eGFR (> 90 ml/Min/1.72m2), two thirds (67.4%) 97/144 had a mild decrease of eGFR (60–89 ml/Min/1.72m2), and only 2/144 (1.4%) had a moderate decrease of eGFR. Overall incidence of reduced eGFR was 68.8% (99/144).
Conclusion
We observed a high incidence of impaired renal function among children born to women with obstructed labour. We recommend routine follow up of children born to women with obstructed labour and add our voices to those calling for improved intra-partum and peripartum care.
Successful Bladder-Sparing Partial Cystectomy for Muscle Invasive Domal Urothelial Carcinoma with Sarcomatoid Differentiation: A Case Report
Authors: Sultan Mark I , Abdelaziz Ahmad , Martinez Juan R , Hammad Muhammed A , Nourbakhsh Mahra , Youssef Ramy F 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: High Grade (HG) Urothelial Carcinoma (UC) with variant histology has historically been managed conservatively and continues to create a conundrum for clinical urologists. The presented case details a solitary lesion of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) with sarcomatoid variant (SV) histology treated by partial cystectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy without evidence of HG recurrence in 8 years of surveillance.
Case Presentation: A 71-year-old male with a 15-pack year smoking history presented to clinic after outside transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Imaging by CT abdomen and pelvis was negative for pelvic lymphadenopathy or abnormalities in either collecting system. A 2 cm broad based papillary tumor at the bladder dome was identified. Complete staging TURBT noted a final pathology of invasive HG UC with areas of spindle cell differentiation consistent with sarcomatous changes and no evidence of lymphovascular invasion. The patient was inclined toward bladder preserving options.
Partial cystectomy with a 2 cm safety margin and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed. Final pathology revealed HG UC urothelial carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation and invasion into the deep muscularis propria, consistent with pathologic T2bN0 disease, a negative margin, and no lymphovascular invasion. The patient subsequently pursued four doses of adjuvant doxorubicin chemotherapy though his treatment was complicated by hand-foot syndrome. The patient continued screening with cystoscopy, urine cytology, and CT. At 21 months post operatively, the patient developed a small (<1cm) papillary lesion near but uninvolved with the left ureteral orifice. Blue light cystoscopy and TURBT revealed noninvasive low grade Ta urothelial carcinoma. To date, the patient has no evidence of high-grade urothelial carcinoma recurrence; 8 years after partial cystectomy. Patient maintains good bladder function and voiding every 3-4 hours with a bladder capacity around 350 ml.
Conclusion: Surgical extirpation with partial cystectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy may represent a durable solution for muscle invasive (pT2) UC with SV histology if tumor size and location are amenable for partial cystectomy. Due to the sparse nature of sarcomatous features within urothelial carcinoma, large multicenter studies are required to further understand the clinical significance and optimal management options for this variant histology in the management of bladder cancer.
Association Between Statin Use on Delirium and 30-day Mortality in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Xia Jiangling , Wang Leilei , Hu Chunhuan , Zhang Yuzhu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Delirium occurs frequently in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in the intensive care unit(ICU).Effective prevention and treatment strategies for delirium remain limited. We aimed to assess delirium and 30-day mortality in patients with COPD who were statin and non-statin users.
Methods: In this retrospective study,patients with COPD were identified from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database(MIMIC-IV).The primary exposure variable was the use of statins 3 days after entering the ICU and the primary outcome measure was the presence of delirium. The secondary outcome measure was 30-day mortality. Since the cohort study was retrospective, we used an inverse probability weighting derived from the propensity score matching to balance different variables.
Results: Among a cohort of 2738 patients, 1493 (55%) were statin users. Before propensity score matching, the prevalence of delirium was 16% and the 30-day mortality was 18% in patients with COPD. Statin use was significantly negatively correlated with delirium, with an odds ratio of 0.69 (95% CI,0.56~0.84, P < 0.001) in the inverse probability weighted cohort and 30-day mortality of 0.7 (95% CI,0.58~0.85, P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Statins administered in the ICU can significantly reduce the incidence of delirium and 30-day mortality in patients with COPD.
Effect of a Structured Pharmacist-led Intervention on Adherence Rates for Chronic Disease Management and Associated Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (Hedis) Star Ratings in a Large Urban Medical Center
Authors: Erfan Jovan , Patel Riya , Huggins Charnicia , McManus Erika , Suarez Monica , Ferris David C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Suboptimal adherence to chronic disease management medications (CDMM) is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of pharmacist-led interventions on adherence to CDMM using proportion of days covered (PDC) ≥80% as a surrogate for medication adherence.
Methods: Subjects were identified via monthly reports of patients in the health system with ≥ 2 annual prescription fills of non-insulin diabetes medications, renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors (RASi), and/or statins. Monthly lists were sent to community pharmacies to indicate patients experiencing barriers to adherence including need for: 1) medication refill, 2) switch from 30- to 90-day supply, and/or 3) follow up outreach from hospital staff. Clinical pharmacists followed up accordingly. The primary outcome was an increase in patients with PDC ≥ 80%. Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) Star Ratings for 2020 vs. 2021 were also compared.
Results: From January 1 to December 31, 2021, a total of 990 patients on non-insulin diabetes medications, 1,755 RASi, and 2,412 statins were identified as filling ≥ 2 prescriptions for each medication class of interest respectively. The primary study ethnicity was Hispanic (70%), and race was non-white (98.7%). The intervention resulted in an increase in PDC from 2020 to 2021 of 84% to 85% for non-insulin diabetes medications, 81% to 86% for RASi, and 80% to 85% for statins. This corresponded with an improvement in HEDIS Star Rating from 2 to 3 for all categories.
Conclusion: Structured pharmacist intervention resulted in improved PDC and Star Ratings on CDMM in Medicare patients.
Non-Exchange Bias in Binary Nanoparticle Systems
Authors: Maltoni Pierfrancesco , López-Martín Raúl , Sánchez Elena , Normile Peter , Vasilakaki Marianna , Lee Su , Burgos Benito , Castillo Eloy López del , Peddis Davide , Binns Chris , Trohidou Kalliopi , Mathieu Roland , Nogues Josep , De Toro Jose 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Exchange bias has been extensively studied both in exchange-coupled thin films and nanoparticle systems. However, the role of non-exchange mechanisms in the overall hysteresis loop bias are far from being understood. Here, dense soft-hard binary nanoparticle systems are used as a novel tool to unravel the effect of dipolar interactions on the hysteresis loop shift, as well as a new strategy to enhance the bias of any magnet exhibiting an asymmetric magnetization reversal. Mixtures of equally sized, 6.8 nm, soft g-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (no bias – symmetric reversal) and hard cobalt doped g-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (large exchange bias – asymmetric reversal) reveal that the loop shift of the mixture can be significantly enhanced depending on the fraction of soft particles. Simple calculations indicate how this effect can be further enhanced by optimizing the parameters of the constituents (coercivity and loop asymmetry). In addition, the existence of a dipolar induced loop shift (“dipolar bias”) is demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically, where, for example, a bias can be induced in the initially unbiased g-Fe2O3 nanoparticles due to the dipolar interaction with the exchange biased cobalt doped g-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. These results pave the way for novel approaches to tune the loop shift in magnetic systems beyond interface exchange coupling.
Modeling the Learning Impacts of Educational Disruptions in the Short and Long Run
Authors: Monroy-Gómez-Franco Luis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a framework for analyzing the short and long-run effects of temporary educational disruptions on children’s learning progression. The framework explicitly models continuous parental investments, filling a gap in the literature on explicit models of learning progression and acquisition. The model also considers economic resources as part of the resources employed by parents to mitigate the effects of a temporary shock in instruction, expanding previous work by Neidhöffer, Lustig, and Tommasi (2021). With this model, I estimate the potential effects of the instructional disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. The estimates suggest that the potential persistent loss in learning with respect to the counterfactual represents 47% of the learning acquired during a usual school year.
Principal causes of acute poisoning in an emergency service: Experience between 2014 and 2021 at a University Hospital in Southwestern Colombia
Authors: Hurtado David , Quintero Jaime A. , Rodríguez Yeraldin Alejandra , Pérez Daniel Esteban , Paz Roger Figueroa , Diez-Sepúlveda Julio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute poisonings are a global public health problem, which implies costs and disease burden for society. In Colombia, there is a significant underreporting of data on acute poisoning and data gaps on the toxicological profile of the population. This study aims to identify the epidemiology of acute poisoning in a highly complex hospital in southwestern Colombia.
Methods
A descriptive study with retrospective data collection was performed. The variables were expressed through the measure of central tendency and dispersion. Categorical variables were described in proportions.
Results
A total of 406 patients were included. The median age was 31 years (IQR: 23–48), 56.2% were male, and only 19.2% had a history of mental illness. Suicidal intent represented 58.8% of the cases, and the most frequent route of exposure was the oral route (81.6%). The most prevalent groups of substances were pesticides (34.2%) and medicines (32%). The most common etiological agent was organophosphates (16.5%). Cholinergic toxidrome was the most common. The average stay in the ICU was 4.5 days (± 4.8), and the mortality was 4.2%.
Conclusions
The principal causes of acute poisoning were drugs and pesticides, with a predominant etiology of organophosphates and depressants of the central nervous system. There was a significant predominance of young male patients with suicidal intent, low mental disorders, elevated unemployment rate, and similar mortality reported in other studies. This study improves the knowledge about acute poisoning in southwestern Colombian to carry out multicenter analytics studies.
Effects of Lower Limb Muscle Isometric Strength on the 3000m Skating Speed and Energy Metabolism Characteristics of Chinese Elite Female Speed Skaters
Authors: ZOU Xiao-shuang , ZHANG Ke-ying , WANG Ya-xue , SHI Dong-lin , ZHANG Dong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The objective was to investigate the effect of lower limb muscle isometric strength on speed skating specialized characteristics in elite female speed skaters. Three China speed skaters were subjects (mean age 18.0 ± 1.4) with a mean best score (4'18.9). The isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) method was used to test peak force (PF), relative peak force (RPF), rate of force development (RFD), and impulse (IMP) of the lower limb muscles from 0-250ms in June 2021 at the national training base in Qinhuangdao, China. It was concluded that the force-time curves of the athletes' isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) exhibited varying elevated and decaying time distribution characteristics. Combined with the skating characteristics of athletes in 3000m Competition, it was found that peak force (PF) and relative peak force (RPF) are important factors affecting average skating speed, rate of change of speed, starting speed, maximum speed and speed endurance. Therefore, the IMTP test can be used as an effective method for preliminary assessment of specific strength and skating ability in the early training of speed skaters while providing effective data support for individualized lower limb strength training and specific technical training.
Three-Dimensionale Printed Individualized Guiding Templates for Surgical Correction of Severe hyperkyphosis: Outcomes of 7 Cases
Authors: Peng Yuan-hao , Zhu Hao-tian , Liu Kang , Wang Yu-ning , Luo Chang , Zeng Wei-jun , Ding Huan-wen , Yan Han 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective: Introduction and Evaluation of the Effects of 3D Technology-Assisted Transforaminal Spinal Osteotomy on Spinal Orthopedic Rate, Nail Placement Accuracy, and Healing
Methods: This study conducted a retrospective review of the treatment outcomes of seven patients (four males and three females), aged 19-59 years, who underwent transforaminal osteotomy between December 2011 and March 2023. Digital Computer-Aided Design (CAD) technology was utilized for preoperative surgical planning and precise intraoperative guidance of the osteotomy procedure using a guide plate. Postoperative evaluation included the assessment of the kyphosis Cobb angle, spinal correction rate, nail placement accuracy, and the administration of the Oswestry Dysfunction Index questionnaire.
Results: Study included seven patients (4 males, 3 females) with an average age of 41.0 years.
Average follow-up period was 38.2 months (range: 9-54 months). All patients achieved satisfactory correction with an average correction rate of 95.11%. Surgical outcomes showed an average surgical time of 402.42 minutes, average blood loss of 984.83 milliliters, and average hospital stay of 12.21 days. Out of 70 implanted screws, 97.1% were classified as Grade A or B, indicating satisfactory screw position. Postoperative X-rays demonstrated significant correction of kyphotic deformity (average correction angle: 44.24°, average correction rate: 95.09%).
Conclusions: The use of 3D digital technology for preoperative planning, simulation of surgery, and personalized design of 3D printing guide plates in spinal osteotomy provides improved postoperative orthopedics, enhanced accuracy of nail placement, and improved quality of life for patients with severe kyphosis.
Proteomic profiles of uterine fluids from health and repeat breeder Holstein cows
Authors: Jiang Xingcan , Chang Xiyu , Huang Cong , Lian zhengjie , Wang Aihua , Chen Huatao , Lin Pengfei , Jin yaping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Repeat breeding is considered to be one of the economically important reproductive disorders in cattle, as it results in an increased number of inseminations and associated costs, and an increase in the number of days open. The physiological cause of the repeat breeding syndrome is complex and multifactorial. Uterine luminal fluid from the health and repeat breeder groups was analyzed in a holistic proteomic approach using LC-MS/MS analysis combined with a label-free quantification approach. In total, 882 proteins were identified, of which 154 differed significantly in abundance between the two groups. Evaluation of this dataset using bioinformatic tools revealed an assignment of higher abundant proteins in repeat breeder group to several pathway processes, such as carbon metabolism, purine metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids. We used proteomic methods based on gel mass spectrometry to characterize the changes of proteomic characteristics associated with uterine diseases. These findings provide valuable information towards the identification of critical biomarker proteins for repeat breeding syndrome in cattle.
On the homogeneous ergodic bilinear averages with $1$-bounded multiplicative weights
Authors: Abdalaoui el houcein el 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We establish a generalization of Bourgain double recurrence theorem and ergodic Bourgain-Sarnak's theorem by proving that for any aperiodic $1$-bounded multiplicative function $\boldsymbol{\nu}$, for any map $T$ acting on a probability space $(X,\A,\mu)$, for any integers $a,b$ , for any $f,g \in L^2(X)$, and for almost all $x \in X$, we have \[ \frac{1}{N} \sum_{n=1}^{N}\boldsymbol{\nu}(n) f(T^{a n}x)g(T^{bn}x) \tend{N}{+\infty} 0. \]We further present with proof the key ingredients of Bourgain's proof of his double recurrence theorem.
Relationship between hematologic inflammatory markers and glycemic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Amaeshi Lemchukwu Chukwunonye , Kalejaiye Olufunto Olufela , Olopade Oluwarotimi Bolaji 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Hematologic inflammatory biomarkers derived from a complete blood count (CBC) are elevated in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM). In low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, a CBC is an affordable and easily available test, even in hard-to-reach rural areas. Glycated hemoglobin (Hb A1c), a measure of glycemic control, has been found to correlate with hematologic inflammatory markers. In Nigeria, where the cost of health care is expensive, and patients largely pay out-of-pocket, a more affordable and accessible alternative to HbA1c in determining glycemic control would be a welcome development. Therefore, this study aimed to the relationship between Hb A1c and hematologic inflammatory biomarkers - neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV) in predicting glycemic control.
Methods: This was a six-month cross-sectional study of 109 patients with Type 2 DM in a diabetic outpatient clinic in a large tertiary hospital in Lagos. The Hb A1c and CBC of the patients were measured. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, PLR, and MPV were derived from the CBC values. We categorized the patients based on their glycemic control. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between Hb A1c and the inflammatory biomarkers.
Results: There was no significant difference in NLR, PLR, and MPV between optimal and sub-optimal controlled diabetic patients. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed no significant association between NLR, PLR MPV, and Hb A1c in the patients: [(NLR: r= 0.027, p= 0.680; PLR: r= - 0.091, p=0.356; MPV: r= - 0.032, p=0.744)] respectively.
Conclusion: The inflammatory markers studied had no significant relationship with HbA1c and might not be helpful in monitoring glycemic control in Type2 DM patients.
Machine Learning Insights into Multifaceted Social Impacts on Global Urban Slum Population
Authors: Shan Shan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The growth of the urban slum population proportion highlights the extent of urban inequality. This article uses machine learning to surpass the limitations of traditional static linear regression models. By handling large data volumes and uncovering multidimensional relationships, the study illuminates the complexities of urban slum population proportion. The study leverages multivariate features from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and the Urban Indicators Database from UN-Habitat, identifying 105 key features associated with urban inequality. The top 35 determinants are selected using agglomerative hierarchical clustering, with Principal Component Analysis applied for feature extraction, regarding four major dimensions of economic progress, social health and wellness, the urban milieu, and demographic attributes. Results show that Ridge Regression excels in effectively managing complex relationships among various socio-economic, environmental, and health variables in slum populations. The study aims to offer a deeper understanding of multidimensional social factors influencing global urban slum population expansion and urban inequality dynamics.
An Algorithm for Calculating the Shade Created by Greenhouse Integrated Photovoltaics
Authors: Petrakis Theodoros , Thomopoulos Vasileios , Kavga Angeliki , Argiriou Athanassios A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The integration of photovoltaic modules into greenhouse roofs is a novel and intriguing method. Harnessing solar radiation is key to ensuring optimal crop growth, as photosynthesis relies on it. Furthermore, capturing solar radiation by employing photovoltaic systems allows energy production. Given its substantial significance in both energy generation and agriculture, this emphasizes the crucial function that solar radiation plays in these two industries. Greenhouses offer a unique opportunity to optimize both plant growth and energy generation, thereby increasing their overall worth. This approach is especially beneficial considering the growing need for land and the accompanying spatial and economic complexities. The installation of photovoltaics on the greenhouse roof has a significant impact on shading, which can be advantageous or disadvantageous, depending on the season, the crop, and the growth stage. As a result, estimating the shading in the greenhouse is imperative. In this paper, an algorithm for precisely measuring the shadowed surface area generated by solar panels within a greenhouse was developed and presented. This method also reliably determines the percentage of coverage on the whole greenhouse unit throughout the year using a time step of 10 minutes. For greenhouse operators wishing to optimize the potential of their solar panel installations, this streamlined solution provides clear and persuasive statistics.