bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PINK1 modulates Prdx2 to reduce lipotoxicity‐induced apoptosis and attenuate cardiac dysfunction in heart failure mice with a preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Zhang Hao , Xu Tianyu , Mei Xiyuan , Zhao Qiming , Yang Qiling , Zeng Xianghui , Ma Zhuang , Zhou Haobin , Zeng Qingchun , Xu Dingli , Ren Hao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex condition characterized by metabolic dysfunction and myocardial lipotoxicity. The roles of PTEN‐induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and peroxiredoxin‐2 (Prdx2) in HFpEF pathogenesis remain unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the interaction between PINK1 and Prdx2 to mitigate cardiac diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF.MethodsIn vivo, PINK1‐knockout mice and cardiac‐specific PINK1‐overexpressing transgenic mice were used to establish an HFpEF mouse model via a high‐fat diet and L‐NAME. Myocardial lipotoxicity was induced by palmitic acid in vitro. Immunoprecipitation, western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.ResultsWe determined that PINK1 and Prdx2 were downregulated in the HFpEF mouse model. In vivo, PINK1 ablation exacerbated the reduction in Prdx2 expression, worsening cardiac dysfunction in HFpEF mice. Conversely, PINK1 overexpression restored Prdx2 levels and decreased reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, thereby reducing fibrosis and inflammation and ameliorating cardiac diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF mice. In vitro, an interaction between the N‐terminal region (amino acids 1–133) of PINK1 and Prdx2 was identified. The overexpression of PINK1 induced Prdx2 expression and effectively attenuated palmitic acid‐induced apoptosis through the c‐Jun amino‐terminal kinase (JNK) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38) pathways, whereas siRNA‐mediated Prdx2 knockdown abolished the protective effect of PINK1.ConclusionPINK1 alleviates lipotoxicity‐induced myocardial apoptosis and improves diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF through Prdx2, highlighting PINK1 overexpression as a potential therapeutic strategy for HFpEF.Key points
Our investigation discloses a pivotal relationship between PINK1 and Prdx2 in the context of HFpEF.
Notably, PINK1, in addition to its role in mitochondrial autophagy, can increase Prdx2 expression, effectively remove ROS and attenuate cardiomyocyte apoptosis by modulating the JNK and p38 pathways, thereby alleviating myocardial lipotoxicity and improving HFpEF cardiac function.
Our studies offer valuable insights, opening avenues for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies in the prevention and treatment of HFpEF.
Patterns of Medical Diagnoses Before and After a Diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Søeby Mette , Clausen Loa , Richelsen Bjørn , Gribsholt Sigrid Bjerge 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study investigates the overall pattern and timing of medical diagnoses up to 10 years before an anorexia nervosa (AN) diagnosis and explores differences before and after AN diagnosis aiming to improve early detection.MethodIn this nationwide population‐based cohort study, we included all patients diagnosed with incident AN from 1987 to 2018 (n = 13,345) and a 1:10 age‐ and sex‐matched general population comparison cohort, using Danish health registries. Using conditional logistic regression, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) of medical diagnoses up to 10 years before AN diagnosis. Additionally, we calculated crude and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for risk of medical diagnoses after AN diagnosis using Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsAN was associated with increased odds of any medical diagnosis up to 10 years before AN diagnosis: OR 1.3 [95% CI 1.2–1.3] and the odds increased during the 12 months preceding AN diagnosis: OR 1.6 [95% CI 1.5–1.7]. The medical diagnoses associated with the highest odds up to 10 years prior AN were malnutrition: OR 5.0 [95% CI 4.0–6.3] anemia: OR 2.9 [95% CI 2.3–3.6], amenorrhea: OR 2.7 [95% CI 2.3–3.2], and irritable bowel syndrome: OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.9–2.4]. The pre‐diagnosis pattern mirrored the post‐diagnosis pattern.ConclusionThe similarity in diagnosis patterns before and after AN diagnosis suggests that many patients receive medical diagnoses for conditions potentially linked to AN‐related restricted eating, malnutrition and progressive weight loss even years prior to a formal AN diagnosis. Identifying these early conditions may enable earlier AN diagnosis and improve treatment outcomes.
Prevalence of Disordered Eating Behaviors Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Varies at the Intersection of Gender Identity and Race/Ethnicity
Authors: Forrest Lauren N. , Bennett Brooke L. , Beccia Ariel , Puhl Rebecca , Watson Ryan J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivePrior work has documented inequities in disordered eating behavior (DEB) prevalence across gender identity, race, and ethnicity, yet has often ignored the fact that individuals belong to multiple social groups simultaneously. The present study assessed DEB inequities at the intersection of gender identity and race/ethnicity.MethodThe sample included n = 10,287 adolescents (68% gender‐diverse, 33% belonging to marginalized racial/ethnic groups). Past‐year prevalence of dietary restriction, self‐induced vomiting, diet pill use, and binge eating was assessed. Data were analyzed with multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA). MAIHDA nests individuals within social strata defined by all combinations of gender identity and race/ethnicity (a proxy for exposure to structural (cis)sexism and racism). MAIHDA allows for comparison of outcome prevalence across strata and identifies strata with disproportionately high or low prevalence.ResultsHispanic gender‐nonconforming youth had a high prevalence of multiple DEBs: restricting prevalence was 67.1% (95% CI [62.1%–72.2%]), vomiting prevalence was 25.9% (95% CI [21.6%–31.0%]), and binge eating prevalence was 46.0% (95% CI [40.2%–51.4%]). For all outcomes, at least one stratum had disproportionately low prevalence; for all outcomes except vomiting, at least one stratum had disproportionately high prevalence, indicative of intersectional interactions between gender identity and race/ethnicity.DiscussionDEB prevalence among adolescents varies substantially at the intersection of gender and race/ethnicity, with the highest prevalence among those belonging to multiple marginalized groups. Future research is needed on the multilevel drivers of DEBs.
Boarding Support of Public Bus for the Visually Impaired Using Location Services
Authors: Doi Gakuto , Miyazawa Masaharu , Moriyama Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe propose a system targeting visually impaired individuals that provides a couple of functions that help when they claim they are always in trouble when going out using public transportation. One of the functions alerts users when the bus that they are planning to ride gets closer to the bus stop where they are waiting for the bus. It runs as a multi‐thread system. One of the threads periodically obtains the location of the bus driver utilizing a GPS receiver and uploads it to a specific shared location on the web. The other thread fetches the stored shared location from the web and calculates the distance to the location of the bus stop where the user is waiting for the bus. The latter thread alerts the user when the distance gets lower than a threshold. The other function we propose alerts users when their intended bus stop is approaching within a certain distance during bus rides. The system utilizes the GPS functionality embedded in smartphones to acquire the user's latitude and longitude. By comparing this information with the coordinates preregistered in the system for each bus stop, it detects when the user reaches within a certain distance of the destination bus stop. The implementation of the proposed system demonstrated the intended functionality in an experiment.
Comprehensive and Efficient Assessment of Psychological Flexibility in the Context of Chronic Pain
Authors: Lavefjord Amani , Sundström Felicia T. A. , Chia Dane , Tabrizi Fara , Buhrman Monica , McCracken Lance M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI) is a measure of all facets of psychological flexibility and inflexibility, potentially important processes of change in psychological treatment for chronic pain. In some contexts, it can be considered too long. The aim of this study was, therefore, to validate a short form MPFI (MPFI‐24P) in a chronic pain sample.MethodsAdults with chronic pain were recruited online (N = 404) for a cross‐sectional survey study. They first completed pain background questions and the MPFI. For examining convergent construct validity and explained variance in pain‐related outcomes, participants also completed the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Pain Interference Scale, the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9), a depression measure. Data were collected on two occasions, 2 weeks apart. Item response theory (IRT) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used for selecting the best‐performing items.ResultsIRT parameters were overall adequate, and hierarchical CFA demonstrated a good model fit. Network analysis of the MPFI items indicated that, in general, items intended to measure the same facets were substantially interconnected, more so for the inflexibility items. Temporal stability was adequate, and internal consistency was good. The MPFI‐24P correlated with pain interference, work and social adjustment and depression, with the inflexibility scale better predicting these outcomes. The MPFI‐24P correlated strongly with the full‐length MPFI.ConclusionsThe MPFI‐24P for chronic pain is generally valid and reliable, especially the inflexibility scale. It performs similarly to the full‐length MPFI.SignificanceThis paper contributes with a measure that is both feasible to use in clinical practice and research, while being able to measure all facets of psychological flexibility and inflexibility—psychological processes of change that are important to evaluate in psychological treatment of chronic pain in order to better individualize treatment.
Exploring the Potential of Lanthanum‐Doped ZnFe2O4 Nanomaterials as Electrode Materials for Next‐Generation Supercapacitors
Authors: Rai Apoorva , Tripathi Prashant , Kumar P. , Singh Kedar , Tewari H. S. , Singh Jai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, we synthesized ZnFe2‐xLaxO4 nanoparticles with varying lanthanum (La) content (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05) via a cost‐effective combustion method utilizing citric acid as a fuel. This method was selected for its cost‐effectiveness and its capability to produce high‐quality nanoparticles with tailored properties. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the cubic structure of the synthesized ZnFe2O4 product, revealing planes (220), (311), (400), (511), and (440) within the Fd‐3m space group, with no additional peaks observed, indicating phase purity. The study proceeded to calculate essential parameters including lattice parameter, particle size, and strain, utilizing the Williamson–Hall method, offering important insights into the structural features and behaviors of synthesized nanoparticles. The crystallite size and surface morphology were investigated by TEM analysis. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy revealed five distinct Raman‐active modes (A1g + Eg + 3F2g), consistent with the spinel structure. The electrochemical properties of the electrodes were assessed using a three‐electrode system in a 2 M KOH electrolyte, employing cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). At a scan rate of 2 mV/s, a specific capacitance of 109.58 F/g was achieved with the nanomaterial synthesized via the combustion technique.
Improving Electric Vehicle Air‐Cooled Cylindrical Battery Temperature Control Systems: A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Study of an Innovative Uniform Flow Distribution Plate
Authors: Suryavanshi Shweta S. , Ghanegaonkar P. M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTemperature significantly affects the operation of lithium‐ion batteries in electric vehicles (EVs). A battery temperature management system (BTMS) is necessary for battery safety and extended lifespan. This study proposes an innovative flow circulation technique to achieve uniform airflow distribution throughout the 26 650 cylindrical cells arranged in a 5P5S configuration. The 3D models of nine aluminum perforated plates with varying topologies have been developed to identify a more effective cooling method for rectangular battery packs. The CFD simulations examine the effects of air velocities, air inlet temperatures, C rate, and cell spacing (L) on the nine‐plate structure. Optimal cooling is achieved with 2 mm cell spacing, evenly dispersing airflow and enhancing heat dissipation. An investigation has been conducted for various C rates. The best thermal performance is obtained at air speeds of 0.8 m/s for 0.5 C, 5 m/s for 1C, and 30 m/s for 2C. The outcome shows that altering the flow distribution layout is a practical way to improve the BP's cooling capacity.
Identification of Stable Intermetallic Compounds for Hydrogen Storage via Machine Learning
Authors: Athul A. S. , Muthachikavil Aswin V. , Buddhiraju Venkata Sudheendra , Premraj Karundev , Runkana Venkataramana 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHydrogen is one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuels for energy as it is abundant, clean and efficient. Storage and transportation of hydrogen are two key challenges faced in utilizing it as a fuel. Storing H2 in the form of metal hydrides is safe and cost effective when compared to its compression and liquefaction. Metal hydrides leverage the ability of metals to absorb H2 and the stored H2 can be released from the hydride by applying heat when needed. A multi‐step methodology is proposed to identify intermetallic compounds that are thermodynamically stable and have high hydrogen storage capacity (HSC). It combines compound generation, thermodynamic stability analysis, prediction of properties of the metal hydride and ranking of discovered materials based on predicted properties. The US Department of Energy (DoE) Hydrogen Storage Materials Database and the Open Quantum Materials Database (OQMD) are utilized for building and testing machine learning (ML) models for enthalpy of formation of the intermetallic compounds, stability analysis, and enthalpy of formation, equilibrium pressure and HSC of metal hydrides. The models proposed here require only attributes of elements involved and compositional information as inputs and do no need any experimental data. Random forest algorithm was found to be the most accurate amongst the ML algorithms explored for predicting all the properties of interest. A total of 349 772 hypothetical intermetallic compounds were generated initially, out of which, only 8568 compounds were found to be stable. The highest predicted HSC of these stable compounds was found to be 3.6. Magnesium, Lithium and Germanium constitute majority of the high HSC compounds. The predictions of HSC using the present models for metal hydrides that are not in the DoE database were reasonably close to the experimental data published recently but there is scope for improvement in prediction accuracy for metal hydrides with high HSC. The findings of this study will be useful in reducing the time required for development and discovery of new hydrogen storage materials and can be used to check the practical applicability of the hydride compound using the predicted properties.
Techno Economic Analysis of Grid Connected Photovoltaic Systems With Battery Energy Storage: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Saurabh Shiv , Kumar Adesh , Kumar Roushan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe usage of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for power generation has significantly increased due to the global demand for sustainable and clean energy sources. When combined with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) and grid loads, photovoltaic (PV) systems offer an efficient way of optimizing energy use, lowering electricity expenses, and improving grid resilience. The study highlights the environmental and economic advantages, such as reduced carbon emissions, lower energy expenses, and job creation, while facilitating grid modernization through bi‐directional power flow and enhanced energy management. The findings demonstrate the evolution towards a sustainable energy future by analyzing the incorporation of photovoltaic systems and battery energy storage systems, investigating standards for the secure and efficient integration of grid‐connected solar photovoltaic systems, and evaluating the environmental and techno‐economic implications of these systems. The techno‐economic analysis, encompassing estimates of payback period, return on investment, and net present value, is utilized to evaluate the economic feasibility of the integrated system. The findings from this research aim to aid consumers, businesses, utilities, and legislators in making informed decisions that optimize solar energy advantages, diminish grid reliance, and alleviate environmental consequences.
Relationship Between Physical Characteristics of Cereal Polysaccharides and Soft Tribology—The Importance of Grain Source and Malting Modification
Authors: Moreno Ravelo Rolando Cesar , Gastl Martina , Becker Thomas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTStarch and non‐starch polysaccharides ((N)SPs) are relevant in cereal‐based beverages. Although their molar mass and conformation are important to the sensory characteristics of beer and non‐alcoholic beer, their triggering mechanism in the mouth is not fully understood. Soft tribology has emerged as a tool to mimic oral processing (drinking). The contribution of each (N)SPs to the friction coefficient can be determined when they are enzymatically isolated and characterized by chromatography techniques. Thus, this work aimed to study the relationship between the physical characteristics of isolated (N)SPs and their possible contribution to oral processing through soft tribology (friction). To accomplish this, this research analyzes the effect of grain source (barley, wheat, and oats) and its modification (by steeping degree at two levels) to the (N)SPs´ physical characteristics in wort produced on a laboratory scale. Different characteristics were present in the (N)SPs due to the grain source and the degree of modification. When comparing the impact of the grain source, the malted oats showed the highest molar masses. A higher modification degree produced smaller and more compact structures except for wheat's arabinoxylans and dextrins. The conformation ratio () values indicate the existence of sphere and micro‐gel structures within each (N)SPs, with branches in arabinoxylans and dextrins. Subsequently, soft tribology was measured on all the worts and their correlation to the (N)SPs' data was performed by multivariate analysis. The wort produced with high modification grains generated higher friction responses. However, this was only statistically significant in barley samples. The multivariate analysis showed that within the mouth (tongue) velocity, the apparent density of the (N)SPs, and the molar mass of arabinoxylans and β‐glucans may influence the friction response and, hence, the oral processing in the mouth during oral processing (drinking).
Retinoic Acid Regulates Allergic Inflammation via Limiting Mast Cell Activation
Authors: Zhang Wenxin , Dai Wenwen , Xie Yingdong , Chen Xingyang , Zhang Peng , Cui Weiwei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAllergic diseases have become one of the major public health problems to be addressed in the world today. As a tissue resident cell, mast cells are crucial in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Vitamin A is an important fat‐soluble vitamin with immunomodulatory functions. Vitamin A deficiency has been shown to be associated with allergic disease states, including asthma; however, no studies have been reported on whether vitamin A deficiency has an effect on the activation of mast cells in allergic reactions. ObjectiveTo explore whether blocking retinoic acid receptors has an effect on mast cell degranulation. Methods Flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of FCεRIα and CD117 on the cell surface, toluidine blue staining was used to visualize cellular features and morphological changes. ELISA was used to detect histamine release. High‐throughput transcriptome sequencing and qRT‐PCR were used to detect the expression of relevant signaling pathways and cytokine genes. Western blot was used to detect the expression of relevant signaling pathway proteins. ResultsIn the present study, we found that antagonism of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) resulted in overactive mast cells and increased their degranulation. Furthermore, inflammatory signaling pathways such as MyD88‐IKK‐NF‐κB and PI3K‐Akt‐m‐TOR were involved in the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on the activation state of mast cells. ConclusionsIn this paper, we demonstrated that blocking RAR can exacerbate its activation state in IgE‐mediated mast cells. This study provided new insights into the possibility that vitamin A deficiency exacerbated mast cell activation and thus affectd allergic diseases and their mechanisms.
Refinement of a Published Gene‐Physical Activity Interaction Impacting HDL‐Cholesterol: Role of Sex and Lipoprotein Subfractions
Authors: Westerman Kenneth E. , Kilpeläinen Tuomas O. , Sevilla‐Gonzalez Magdalena , Connelly Margery A. , Wood Alexis C. , Tsai Michael Y. , Taylor Kent D. , Rich Stephen S. , Rotter Jerome I. , Otvos James D. , Bentley Amy R. , Mora Samia , Aschard Hugues , Rao D. C. , Gu Charles , Chasman Daniel I. , Manning Alisa K. ,   The CHARGE Gene‐Lifestyle Interactions Working Group
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLarge‐scale gene–environment interaction (GxE) discovery efforts often involve analytical compromises for the sake of data harmonization and statistical power. Refinement of exposures, covariates, outcomes, and population subsets may be helpful to establish often‐elusive replication and evaluate potential clinical utility. Here, we used additional datasets, an expanded set of statistical models, and interrogation of lipoprotein metabolism via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐based lipoprotein subfractions to refine a previously discovered GxE modifying the relationship between physical activity (PA) and HDL‐cholesterol (HDL‐C). We explored this GxE in the Women's Genome Health Study (WGHS; N = 23,294; the strongest cohort‐specific signal in the original meta‐analysis), the UK Biobank (UKB; N = 281,380), and the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; N = 4587), using self‐reported PA (MET‐min/wk) and genotypes at rs295849 (nearest gene: LHX1). As originally reported, minor allele carriers of rs295849 in WGHS had a stronger positive association between PA and HDL‐C (pint = 0.002). When testing available NMR metabolites to refine the HDL‐C outcome, we found a stronger interaction effect on medium‐sized HDL particle concentrations (M‐HDL‐P; pint = 1.0 × 10−4) than HDL‐C. Meta‐regression revealed a systematically larger interaction effect in cohorts from the original meta‐analysis with a greater fraction of women (p = 0.018). In the UKB, GxE effects were stronger in women and using M‐HDL‐P as the outcome. In MESA, the primary interaction for HDL‐C showed nominal significance (pint = 0.013), but without clear sex differences and with a greater magnitude for large HDL‐P. Our work provides additional insights into a known gene‐PA interaction while illustrating the importance of phenotype and model refinement toward understanding and replicating GxEs.