bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CTE-Focused Dual Enrollment: Participation and Outcomes
Authors: A. Edmunds Julie , Unlu Fatih , Phillips Brian , Mulhern Christine , Hutchins Bryan C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recent policy efforts have attempted to increase the number of dual enrollment courses offered within Career and Technical Education (CTE) pathways, and there is evidence to suggest that this practice is widespread. However, there is very little research on student participation in CTE dual enrollment and on its impacts. This study examines participation in the CTE Dual Enrollment Pathway in North Carolina, finding that about 9 percent of North Carolina students participated in CTE dual enrollment courses in eleventh or twelfth grade and disparities in participation among subgroups were less than for college transfer dual enrollment courses. Using a propensity-score weighing approach that compared outcomes for participating students with a weighted group of nonparticipants, the study found that participation in CTE dual enrollment was positively associated with college credits earned in high school, graduation from high school, and overall enrollment in college within one year after high school. The study also examined results by subgroup.
Neo-Luddism in the Shadow of Luddism
Authors: Tunç Yusuf Erdem , Öcal Aslan Tolga 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Technology is adopted regardless of its results; however, technology does not always result in absolute progress. The Luddites, the first movement to resist the effects of technology, made a series of uprisings in the nineteenth century, and even today they represent anxiety against technology. Neo-Luddism, as the successor of Luddism, peacefully opposes technology’s adverse effects with a distinct identity. This study evaluates the role Neo-Luddites can play in countering technology’s consequences. The study examines the Neo-Luddite perspective on technology, which seeks to find its own identity between the optimism of scientism in the technographic world and the pessimism of Luddism, considering the consequences of technology on employment and work. Neo-Luddites should emphasize technology’s political side, establish an identity, and determine their methods. Through these efforts, Neo-Luddites can raise awareness of technology’s adverse effects, build pressure on social policies and legal regulations, and shape society’s perspective of technology.
Infrared Scattering of Cloud in an Isothermal Atmosphere
Authors: Fan Chongxing , Huang Xianglei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the absence of scattering, thermal contrast in the atmosphere is the key to infrared remote sensing. Without the thermal contrast, the amount of absorption will be identical to the amount of emission, making the atmospheric vertical structure undetectable using remote sensing techniques. Here we show that, even in such an isothermal atmosphere, the scattering of clouds can cause a distinguishable change in upwelling radiance at the top of the atmosphere. A two-stream analytical solution, as well as a budget analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations, are used to offer a physical explanation of such influence on an idealized isothermal atmosphere by cloud scattering: it increases the chance of photons being absorbed by the atmosphere before they can reach the boundaries (both top and bottom), which leads to a reduction of TOA upwelling radiance. Actual sounding profiles and cloud properties inferred from satellite observations within 6-h time frames are fed into a more realistic and comprehensive radiative transfer model to show such cloud scattering effect, under nearly isothermal circumstances in the lower troposphere, can lead to ∼1–1.5-K decrease in brightness temperature for the nadir-view MODIS 8.5-μm channel. The study suggests that cloud scattering can provide signals useful for remote sensing applications even for such an isothermal environment.
Multi-Objective sliding mode control of proton exchange membrane fuel cell system based on adaptive algebraic observer
Authors: Jing Hao , Huang Tiexiong , Li Cheng , Liu Xiaodong , Hu Guangdi , Pang Chaoping 
Published: September 2023

To improve the efficiency and extend the lifespan of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), it is imperative to control PEMFC’s supply system effectively. A sliding mode controller (SMC) based on adaptive algebraic observer is designed to control the oxygen excess ratio and the pressure difference between the cathode and anode of PEMFC. First, a 9th order physical model of the PEMFC system is established including air supply system, hydrogen supply system and the stack, which is validated against the experimental data with the maximum output voltage error of 2.91%. Then, a SMC is designed based on the control-oriented PEMFC model. An adaptive algebraic observer for the estimation of the gas partial pressure is designed to be used in the SMC. Finally, simulation is conducted and results show that the performance of the designed SMC is superior than that of the PID controller in terms of the oxygen excess ratio settling time (1s less), the pressure difference settling time (50% less) and overshoot (0.5 kPa less).
Apigenin-induced Apoptosis is Reduced via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and ATF6/PERK Signaling in Human Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhuo Cuizhu , Wang Xiaolin , Li Yun , Tang Yongmei , Wang Manman , Hou Liying 
Published: September 2023

Background Apigenin effectively inhibits the growth of human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells and induces apoptosis as well. This study investigated the effects of ATF6 and PERK signaling pathways in unfolded protein response (UPR) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) on the apoptosis induced by apigenin in human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells. Materials and Methods SGC-7901 cells were cultured with apigenin and tunicamycin for 48 h or with apigenin for 12–48 h. CCK-8 was used to determine cell viability. The mRNA expression level was detected by RT-qPCR. The expression of related proteins was explored by Western blot. The apoptosis rate of cells and cell-cycle arrest were evaluated by flow cytometer. Results The results of CCK-8 confirmed that apigenin could induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. In the apigenin-treated cells group, the protein and mRNA levels of GRP78 and GRP94 dose- and time-dependently increased. Additionally, apigenin-activated UPR components PERK and ATF6. However, apigenin exerted no influence on CHOP expression or JNK activation. Pretreatment with 4-PBA significantly increased the apigenin-triggered apoptosis in SCG-7901 cells ( p < 0.05). Conclusion The results revealed the protective effect of UPR performance on apigenin-triggered apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells.
Tai Chi as a Complementary Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Among U.S. Veterans in a Mental Health Inpatient Setting
Authors: Jimenez Eileen R. , Juarez Jorge , Struwe Leeza , Cohen Marlene Z. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are two of the top five mental illnesses veterans report. Treatment for depression and anxiety includes medications and psychiatric treatment in inpatient, outpatient, and residential treatment programs; the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) can have beneficial results by decreasing symptoms, recognize patients’ preference for CAM, and be cost-effective. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi on depression and anxiety symptoms on inpatient psychosocial or substance use disorder (SUD) rehabilitation treatment program residents since little evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of Tai Chi on participants in residential mental health treatment programs. METHOD: A mixed-method, cohort design with 88 participants (41 usual treatment without Tai Chi, 47 intervention) used a demographic survey, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, self-report, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 at Weeks 1 and 4 of the treatment program. After Week 4, the intervention group responded to six open-ended questions about Tai Chi’s effects on their overall depression and anxiety. RESULTS: The anxiety level of the intervention group was significantly decreased, as evidenced by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores ( p = .02). However, the measures of depression did not differ between the groups. Two themes, mindfulness and satisfaction, were identified from the written responses regarding the Tai Chi intervention. CONCLUSION: Tai Chi effectively reduced symptoms of anxiety that varied by age and ethnicity. This study increased the insight regarding the benefit of including Tai Chi as a complementary therapy for those participating in residential treatment programs.
The Effects of Hot Spot Policing on Community Experiences and Perceptions in a Time of COVID-19 and Calls for Police Reform
Authors: Koper Christopher S. , Liu Weiwei , Taylor Bruce G. , Wu Xiaoyun , Johnson William D. , Sheridan Jackie 
Published: September 2023

To extend the limited evidence on how hot spot policing (HSP) strategies affect community experiences, perceptions, and attitudes, police agencies in two cities participated in a randomized experiment involving 102 hot spots that were assigned to a control condition ( n = 51) or to receive a HSP program emphasizing patrol, community engagement, and problem-solving for 14–17 months during 2019 and 2020 ( n = 51). Cross-sectional surveys with hot spot community members were conducted in person before the program ( n = 1082) and, due to COVID-19, by mail and internet afterwards ( n = 768) to assess program effects on crime victimization, views of crime and disorder, and attitudes towards police. In both cities, the evaluation period overlapped with the COVID-19 pandemic and the national protests for police reform following the killing of George Floyd by police in Minneapolis during 2020; in one city, the program was ongoing during these events. Results showed the program had few effects on community experiences and views, though there were some indications it may have improved perceptions of police legitimacy and police misconduct in one city. The findings suggest that HSP strategies do not have harmful effects on community perceptions and might improve some aspects of police-community relations. However, weak program implementation, challenges to survey administration, and the occurrence of both COVID-19 and the George Floyd incident during the study period complicate interpretation of the results.
SPAG5 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis and is Associated With Adverse Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Xiao Gang , Xu Xie , Chen Zhibo , Zeng Jie , Xie Jianjiang 
Published: September 2023

Background: Sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) has been identified as a novel driver oncogene involved in multiple cancers; however, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) needs further investigation. Our study aims to elucidate the potential significance of SPAG5 in LUAD prognosis and its implications for the efficacy of immunotherapy. Methods: In this study, we used bioinformatics analysis and tissue microarray (TMA) staining to examine the potential role of SPAG5 in LUAD survival and response to immunotherapy. We used the Oncomine, TIMER2.0, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Sangerbox, PredicScan, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases to examine the expression and prognostic role of SPAG5 in the LUAD of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and other databases. We also used Cancer Single-cell State Atlas (CancerSEA) and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER2.0) to analyze the association of SPAG5 with malignant phenotype and tumor immune microenvironment. Furthermore, Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI) analysis of TCGA sequencing data was used to predict the role of SPAG5 in determining the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment in LUAD. Co-expression analysis of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and SPAG5 was performed using LUAD TMA immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Results: Our findings indicate that SPAG5 is overexpressed in LUAD and is positively correlated with advanced clinical stage, poor overall survival, relapse-free survival, and progression-free survival outcomes. SPAG5 may be involved in regulating the cell cycle, proliferation, invasion, DNA damage and repair, and tumor immunosuppression. Furthermore, TMA IHC analysis showed a positive correlation between PD-L1 expression in LUAD and SPAG5 which suggests that SPAG5 may serve as a potential predictor of response to ICB therapy in LUAD. Conclusions: Our results highlight the role of SAPG5 in promoting a tumor malignancy phenotype and immunosuppression in LUAD and suggest that SPAG5 may serve as a potential response marker for ICB therapy.
Stroke in women between 2006 and 2018: Demographic, socioeconomic, and age disparities
Authors: Jacobs Molly M , Ellis Charles 
Published: September 2023

Background: Black Americans have a higher prevalence of stroke and stroke-related deaths than any other racial group. Racial disparities in stroke outcomes are even wider among women than men. Conventional studies have cited differences in lifestyle (i.e. smoking, alcohol consumption, etc.) and vascular risk factors between races as the source of these disparities. However, these studies fail to account for the higher prevalence of minoritized populations at the lower end of the socioeconomic distribution. Objectives: This study explores differences in stroke risk factors across age and socioeconomic cohorts to determine whether comorbidities can sufficiently explain disparities at all ages and income levels. Design: Using the 2006–2018 National Health Interview Survey data, statistical analysis evaluated differences in risk factors among a full sample cohort (aged 18–85 years; n = 131,091) and a “young” subsample cohort (aged 18–59 years; n = 6183) of women. Methods: Logistics and unconditional quantile regression models assessed the relationship between stroke and comorbid, demographic, and behavioral characteristics across socioeconomic classes. Results: Results suggest that Black women had a 1.415-fold (confidence interval = 1.259, 1.591) higher likelihood of stroke compared with White women after controlling for age, behavior, and comorbidities. Racial disparities were not statistically significant at the higher income ranges for either the full (odds ratio = 1.404, p = 0.3114) or young samples (odds ratio = 1.576, p = 0.7718). However, Blacks had significantly higher odds of stroke in the lower quartiles (lower odds ratio: 1.329, p = 0.0242; lower middle odds ratio: 1.233, p = 0.0486; and upper middle odds ratio: 1.994, p = 0.0005). Disparities were larger among young women (odds ratio = 1.449, confidence interval = 1.211, 1.734). Conclusion: While comorbidities were highly associated with stroke prevalence in all socioeconomic cohorts, Blacks only had higher relative odds in the lower income classes. Lack of biological or behavioral explanations for these findings suggests that unobserved or uncontrolled factors such as systemic racism, prejudicial institutions, or differential treatment may contribute to this.
The Academic Impact of Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society (CHSS) Studies
Authors: Jacobs Jeffrey Phillip , DeCampli William M. , Karamlou Tara , Najm Hani K. , Marino Bradley S. , Blackstone Eugene H. , McCrindle Brian W. , Jegatheeswaran Anusha , St. Louis James D. , Austin Erle H. , Caldarone Christopher A. , Mavroudis Constantine , Overman David M. , Dearani Joseph A. , Jacobs Marshall L. , Tchervenkov Christo I. , Svensson Lars G. , Barron David , Kirklin James K. , Williams William G. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose We reviewed all 64 articles ever published by The Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society (CHSS) Data Center to estimate the academic impact of these peer-reviewed articles. Materials and Methods The Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society has performed research based on 12 Diagnostic Inception Cohorts. The first cohort (Transposition) began enrolling patients on January 1, 1985. We queried PubMed to determine the number of publications that referenced each of the 64 journal articles generated by the datasets of the 12 Diagnostic Inception Cohorts that comprise the CHSS Database. Descriptive summaries of the data were tabulated using mean with standard deviation and median with range. Results Sixty-four peer-reviewed papers have been published based on the CHSS Database. Fifty-nine peer-reviewed articles have been published based on the 12 Diagnostic Inception Cohorts, and five additional articles have been published based on Data Science. Excluding the recently established Diagnostic Inception Cohort for patients with Ebstein malformation of tricuspid valve, the number of papers published per cohort ranged from 1 for coarctation to 11 for transposition of the great arteries. The 11 articles generated from the CHSS Transposition Cohort were referenced by a total of 111 articles (median number of references per journal article = 9 [range = 0-22, mean = 10.1]). Overall, individual articles were cited by an average of 11 (mean), and a maximum of 41 PubMed-listed publications. Overall, these 64 peer-reviewed articles based on the CHSS Database were cited 692 times in PubMed-listed publications. The first CHSS peer-reviewed article was published in 1987, and during the 35 years from 1987 to 2022, inclusive, the annual number of CHSS publications has ranged from 0 to 7, with a mean of 1.8 publications per year (median = 1, mode = 1). Conclusion Congenital Heart Surgeons’ Society studies are widely referenced in the pediatric cardiac surgical literature, with over 10 citations per published article. These cohorts provide unique information unavailable in other sources of data. A tool to access this analysis is available at: [ https://data-center.chss.org/multimedia/files/2022/CAI.pdf ].
Perception of Goals and Expected Outcomes in Older Hip Fracture Patients and Their Medical Staff: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Schroeder Hanna S. , Israeli Avi , Liebergall Meir (Iri) , Or Omer , Abu Ahmed Wiessam , Paltiel Ora , Justo Dan , Zimlichman Eyal 
Published: September 2023

Background Goal-oriented patientcare is a key element in qualityhealthcare. Medical-caregiver’s (MC) are expected to generate a shared decision-making process with patients regarding goals and expected health-outcomes. Hip-fracture patients (HFP) are usually older-adults with multiple health-conditions, necessitating that agreed-upon goals regarding the rehabilitation process, take these conditions into consideration. This topic has yet to be investigated by pairing and comparing the perception of expected outcomes and therapeutic goals of multidisciplinary MCs and their HF patient’s. Our aim was to assess in a quantitative method whether HFPs and their multidisciplinary MCs agree upon target health-outcomes and their most important goals as they are reflected in the SF12 questionnaire. Methods This was a cross-sectional, multi-center, study of HFPs and their MCs. Patients and MCs were asked to rate their top three most important goals for rehabilitation from the SF12 eight subscales: physical functioning, physical role limitation, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional role limitation and mental health, and indicate their expected outcome. Descriptive statistics and mixed effect logistic-regression were used to compare concordance of the ratings. Agreement between patients and MCs was assessed using interclass coefficients (ICCs). Results A total of 378 ratings were collected from 52 patients, 12 nurses, 12 physicians and 6 paramedical personnel. Each patient had between 3 and 9 raters. Patients considered physical functioning and physical role limitation more important than did MCs. Physicians and nurses emphasized the importance of bodily pain while patients referred to it as relatively less significant. The total ICC was low (2%) indicating poor agreement between MCs and patients. With the exception of physical-functioning, MCs predicted a less optimistic outcome in all of the SF12's subscales in comparison to HFPs. Conclusion Effective intervention in HFPs requires constructive communication between MCs and patients. The study suggests that caregivers have an insufficient understanding of the expectations of HFPs. More effective communication channels are required in order to better understand HFPs’ needs and expectations.
“The Terminology Might Be Ahead of Practice”: Embedding Shared Decision Making in Practice—Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation of SDM in the Context of Maternity Care
Authors: Waddell Alex , Goodwin Denise , Spassova Gerri , Bragge Peter 
Published: September 2023

Background. It is a patient’s right to be included in decisions about their health care. Implementing shared decision making (SDM) is important to enable active communication between clinicians and patients. Although health policy makers are increasingly mandating SDM implementation, SDM adoption has been slow. This study explored stakeholders’ organizational- and system-level barriers and facilitators to implementing policy mandated SDM in maternity care in Victoria, Australia. Method. Twenty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants including clinicians, health service administrators and decision makers, and government policy makers. Data were mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify barriers and facilitators to SDM implementation. Results. Factors identified as facilitating SDM implementation included using a whole-of-system approach, providing additional implementation resources, correct documentation facilitated by electronic medical records, and including patient outcomes in measurement. Barriers included health service lack of capacity, unclear policy definitions of SDM, and policy makers’ lack of resources to track implementation. Conclusion. This is the first study to our knowledge to explore barriers and facilitators to SDM implementation from the perspective of multiple actors following policy mandating SDM in tertiary health services in Australia. The primary finding was that there are concerns that SDM implementation policy is outpacing practice. Nonclinical staff play a crucial role translating policy to practice. Addressing organizational- and system-level barriers and facilitators to SDM implementation should be a key concern of health policy makers, health services, and staff. Highlights New government policies require shared decision making (SDM) implementation in hospitals. There is limited evidence for how to implement SDM in hospital settings. There are concerns SDM implementation policy is outpacing practice. Understanding and capacity for SDM varies considerably among stakeholders. Whole of system approaches and electronic medical records are seen to facilitate SDM.