bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Iso Takashi , Maeda Daichi , Matsue Yuya , Dotare Taishi , Sunayama Tsutomu , Yoshioka Kenji , Nabeta Takeru , Naruse Yoshihisa , Kitai Takeshi , Taniguchi Tatsunori , Tanaka Hidekazu , Okumura Takahiro , Baba Yuichi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveOwing to the paucity of data, this study aimed to investigate sex differences in clinical features and prognosis of patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS).MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of the ILLUstration of the Management and prognosIs of JapaNese PATiEnts with Cardiac Sarcoidosis registry—a retrospective multicentre registry that enrolled patients with CS between 2001 and 2017. The primary outcome was potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmia events (pFVAEs)—a composite of sudden cardiac death, sustained ventricular tachycardia lasting >30 s, ventricular fibrillation or the requirement for implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy.ResultsOf the 512 participants (mean age±SD 61.6±11.4 years), 329 (64.2%) were females. Both sexes had peak ages of 60–64 years at diagnosis. Male patients were younger and had a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease and lower left ventricular ejection fraction than female patients. During a median follow-up of 3 years (IQR 1.6–5.6), pFVAEs were observed in 99 patients, with males having a significantly higher risk than females (p=0.002). This association was retained even after adjustment for other risk factors for pFVAEs, including left ventricular ejection fraction (adjusted HR 1.80; 95% CI 1.08 to 3.01, p=0.025).ConclusionApproximately two-thirds of patients with CS were females, with a peak age of approximately 60 years at clinical diagnosis in both sexes; male patients were younger than female patients. Male patients had a significantly higher risk of pFVAEs than female patients.Trial registration numberUMIN000034974.
Performances of the Idylla GeneFusion Assay: contribution to a rapid diagnosis of targetable gene fusions in tumour samples
Authors: Guillard Matthieu , Caumont Charline , Marcorelles Pascale , Merlio Jean-Philippe , Cappellen David , Uguen Arnaud 
Published: April 2023

AimsWe aimed to evaluate the performances of the Idylla GeneFusion Assay (IGFA) designed to detect, in a single, rapid and fully automated assay,ALK,ROS1,RET,NTRK1,NTRK2andNTRK3gene fusions andMETexon 14 skipping in cancer samples.MethodsBased on a set of tumours enriched in cases with gene fusions, we applied the IGFA to tumour areas of various sizes and tumour cell contents. IGFA results were compared with those obtained with other methods (immunohistochemistry, fluorescent in situ hybridisation, DNA and RNA next-generation sequencing).ResultsWe selected 68 tumours: 49 cases with known gene fusions (8ALK, 8ROS1, 5RET, 7NTRK1, 3NTRK2and 6NTRK3ones) orMETexon 14 skipping mutations (12 cases) and 19 cases with no fusion and noMETmutation. We performed 128 IGFA tests on distinct tissue areas. The global sensitivity and specificity of the IGFA were, respectively, 62.82% and 99.2% with variations between molecular targets and tissue areas. Of note, 72.5% sensitivity and 98.79% specificity were obtained in 37 tissue areas fulfilling the manufacturer’s recommendations (ie, at least 10% of tumour cells in at least 20 mm² of tissue area). The rate of non-conclusive results was higher in small samples with low percentages of tumour cells.ConclusionsThe IGFA could contribute to the rapid detection of targetable gene fusions and mutations, especially in context of rapidly growing cancers requiring urgent therapeutic choices.
Antithrombotic regimen in emergent carotid stenting for acute ischemic stroke due to tandem occlusion: a meta-analysis of aggregate data
Authors: Diana Francesco , Abdalkader Mohamad , Behme Daniel , Li Wei , Maurer Christoph Johannes , Pop Raoul , Hwang Yang-Ha , Bartolini Bruno , Da Ros Valerio , Bracco Sandra , Cirillo Luigi , Marnat Gaultier , Katsanos Aristeidis H , Kaesmacher Johannes , Fischer Urs , Aguiar de Sousa Diana , Peschillo Simone , Zini Andrea , Tomasello Alejandro , Ribo Marc , Nguyen Thanh N , Romoli Michele 
Published: April 2023

Background
The periprocedural antithrombotic regimen might affect the risk-benefit profile of emergent carotid artery stenting (eCAS) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to tandem lesions, especially after intravenous thrombolysis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of antithrombotics following eCAS.

Methods
We followed PRISMA guidelines and searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus from January 1, 2004 to November 30, 2022 for studies evaluating eCAS in tandem occlusion. The primary endpoint was 90-day good functional outcome. Secondary outcomes were symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, in-stent thrombosis, delayed stent thrombosis, and successful recanalization. Meta-analysis of proportions and meta-analysis of odds ratios were implemented.

Results

34 studies with 1658 patients were included. We found that the use of no antiplatelets (noAPT), single antiplatelet (SAPT), dual antiplatelets (DAPT), or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) yielded similar rates of good functional outcomes, with a marginal benefit of GPI over SAPT (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.35, P
heterogeneity
=0.31). Sensitivity analysis and meta-regression excluded a significant impact of intravenous thrombolysis and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS). We observed no increase in symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) with DAPT or GPI compared with noAPT or SAPT. We also found similar rates of delayed stent thrombosis across groups, with acute in-stent thrombosis showing marginal, non-significant benefits from GPI and DAPT over SAPT and noAPT.

Conclusions
In AIS due to tandem occlusion, the periprocedural antithrombotic regimen of eCAS seems to have a marginal effect on good functional outcome. Overall, high intensity antithrombotic therapy may provide a marginal benefit on good functional outcome and carotid stent patency without a significant increase in risk of sICH.
Submission of mandatory respiratory health examinations among US coal miners participating in the Coal Workers’ Health Surveillance Program
Authors: Hall Noemi B , Reynolds Laura , Blackley David J , Laney A Scott 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundMandatory examination requirements for US coal miners newly entering the workforce have been in place since the 1969 Coal Act mandated chest radiographs and were updated to include spirometry with promulgation of the 2014 Mine Safety and Health Administration Dust Rule. Compliance with the mandatory respiratory screening series is described using data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Coal Workers’ Health Surveillance Program (CWHSP).MethodsAmong all radiographic and spirometry submissions to the CWHSP during 30 June 1971–15 March 2022, new underground coal miners who began work in the industry after 30 June 1971, and new underground, surface miners and contractors who began work after new regulations were implemented 1 August 2014, were identified and included in analysis.ResultsOf the 115 093 unique miners who participated in the CWHSP and whose estimated entry into mining occurred during 30 June 1971–15 March 2019, 50 487 (43.9%) received their initial mandatory radiograph, and 15 452 (13.4%) submitted their initial and 3-year mandatory radiographs. Since new regulations were implemented, compliance with initial radiographs appeared to improve (80%) but compliance with 3-year radiographs remained low (11.6%). Compliance with spirometry testing was also low for initial (17.1%) and follow-up screenings (2.7%).ConclusionsThe majority of new coal miners eligible for health surveillance did not receive a baseline radiograph or spirometry test through the CWHSP even though coal mine operators are required by law to provide these. Ensuring coal miners’ regular participation in health surveillance from early in their careers is an important way to monitor and protect their respiratory health.
Sustained remission following the discontinuation of tofacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (XANADU study): an open-label randomised study
Authors: Kubo Satoshi , Miyazaki Yusuke , Amano Koichi , Matsui Kiyoshi , Kameda Hideto , Inoue Yoshino , Nakayamada Shingo , Ogura Takehisa , Kaneko Yuko , Yamaoka Kunihiro , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate sustained remission following the discontinuation of tofacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsPatients who had an inadequate response to methotrexate (MTX) with or without biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were randomly divided into two groups at baseline, and tofacitinib treatment in combination with MTX was administered to both groups. Either MTX or tofacitinib was then withdrawn if patients achieved Clinical Disease Activity Index remission at week 52. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who sustained clinical remission at week 104.ResultsA total of 113 patients participated in this study. Among them, a total of 48 patients achieved remission at week 52. After discontinuation of tofacitinib, only 29.2% (7/24) of patients remained remission, while 50.0% (10/20) of patients, which was numerically higher but not statistically significant, sustained remission after MTX discontinuation. A greater proportion of bio-naïve patients achieved remission at week 52 and sustained low disease activity with tofacitinib discontinuation at week 104. Additionally, the patients who were able to discontinue tofacitinib without flares had lower rheumatoid factor (p=0.04) and lower anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (p=0.051) before discontinuation of tofacitinib. No severe adverse events were recorded after discontinuation of tofacitinib or MTX. In patients who relapsed after tofacitinib discontinuation, 71.4% achieved remission with resumption of tofacitinib.ConclusionsThis study implies that a blanket cessation of tofacitinib may not be suitable for all patients, given that 58% of the participants experienced relapse. However, the withdrawal of tofacitinib is unlikely to result in the acquisition of treatment-resistance.
Exclusive and dual use of electronic cigarettes among European youth in 32 countries with different regulatory landscapes
Authors: Ollila Hanna , Tarasenko Yelena , Ciobanu Angela , Lebedeva Elizaveta , Raitasalo Kirsimarja 
Published: April 2023

Background
The Tobacco Products Directive (2014/40/EU) partially harmonised the regulation of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in Europe, but individual countries maintain jurisdiction over bans on use in public places, domestic advertising, taxation and flavour regulations. Their association with youth e-cigarette use has not been examined.

Methods
We used the cross-sectional 2019 European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs data from 32 countries with 98 758 students aged 15–16 years and the 2020 WHO’s assessment of the e-cigarette regulations. Multilevel logistic regression models on ever (vs never) and current (vs non-current) exclusive e-cigarette use, exclusive cigarette use and dual use by e-cigarette regulations’ composite score were adjusted for age, gender, parental education, perceived family’s financial well-being, perceived difficulty of obtaining cigarettes, country income level and general progress in tobacco control.

Results
Of the respondents, 13.3% had ever used cigarettes, 10.6% e-cigarettes and 27.3% both; 13.0% currently used cigarettes, 6.0% e-cigarettes and 6.4% both. Higher composite country score in the e-cigarette regulations was associated with lower current exclusive e-cigarette use (OR=0.78; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.94) and current dual use (OR=0.80; 95% CI 0.67 to 0.95). Youth perceiving more difficulties in obtaining cigarettes were less likely to use cigarettes, e-cigarettes and both ever and currently (OR from 0.80 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.85) to 0.94 (95% CI 0.92 to 0.96)).

Conclusions
More comprehensive e-cigarette regulations and enforcement of age-of-sale laws may be protective of e-cigarette and dual use among adolescents.
Fluvial-style migration controls autogenic aggradation in submarine channels: Joshua Channel, eastern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Morris Paul D. , Sylvester Zoltán , Covault Jacob A. , Mohrig David , Dunlap Dallas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
There has been debate over the processes acting on deep-water channels, with comparisons made to the evolution of meandering fluvial systems. We characterized a three-dimensional seismic-reflection dataset of the Joshua deep-water channel–levee system located in the eastern Gulf of Mexico and interpreted 13 horizons showing its kinematic evolution over a 25 km reach. Over this reach, we documented channel migration through systematic bend expansion and downstream translation, which was sustained through channel aggradation as sinuosity increased from 1.25 to 2.3 at abandonment. An abrupt decrease in sinuosity was associated with a neck cutoff, which changed the subsequent migration direction of the channel in that locality. These processes are analogous to the evolution of meandering fluvial systems. We show that increasing channel sinuosity correlates to a reduction in channel slope and hypothesize that this promoted increasingly depositional turbidity currents that led to channel aggradation. Using a simple forward stratigraphic model in which vertical movements of the channel are governed by a stream power law, we show how aggradation can be driven autogenically. Trends in sinuosity, aggradation and slope are in broad agreement between the Joshua Channel and the model. This highlights the potential importance of intrinsic channel processes as a control on system evolution.
Deadline-Aware Task Offloading for Vehicular Edge Computing Networks Using Traffic Light Data
Authors: Oza Pratham , Hudson Nathaniel , Chantem Thidapat , Khamfroush Hana 
Published: April 2023

As vehicles have become increasingly automated, novel vehicular applications have emerged to enhance the safety and security of the vehicles and improve user experience. This brings ever-increasing data and resource requirements for timely computation by the vehicle’s on-board computing systems. To meet these demands, prior work proposes deploying vehicular edge computing (VEC) resources in road-side units (RSUs) in the traffic infrastructure with which the vehicles can communicate and offload compute-intensive tasks. Due to the limited communication range of these RSUs, the communication link between the vehicles and the RSUs — and, therefore, the response times of the offloaded applications — are significantly impacted by vehicle mobility through road traffic. Existing task offloading strategies do not consider the influence of traffic lights on vehicular mobility while offloading workloads onto the RSUs. This causes deadline misses and quality-of-service (QoS) reduction for the offloaded tasks. In this article, we present a novel task model that captures time and location-specific requirements for vehicular applications. We then present a deadline-based strategy that incorporates traffic light data to opportunistically offload tasks. Our approach allows up to 33% more tasks to be offloaded onto RSUs compared with existing work without causing deadline misses, maximizing the resource utilization of RSUs.
ctDNA Monitoring for Small Cell Lung Cancer: Ready for Prime Time?
Authors: Pellini Bruna , Chaudhuri Aadel A. 
Published: April 2023

SummarySmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the deadliest form of lung cancer and has few precision medicine approaches available. A recent study analyzed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in 33 patients with extensive-stage SCLC and showed that ctDNA levels and response patterns correlate strongly with clinical response and survival outcomes.See related article by Sivapalan et al., p. 2310
Dynamic Intestinal Stem Cell Plasticity and Lineage Remodeling by a Nutritional Environment Relevant to Human Risk for Tumorigenesis
Authors: Choi Jiahn , Zhang Xusheng , Li Wenge , Houston Michele , Peregrina Karina , Dubin Robert , Ye Kenny , Augenlicht Leonard 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

New Western-style diet 1 (NWD1), a purified diet establishing mouse exposure to key nutrients recapitulating levels that increase human risk for intestinal cancer, reproducibly causes mouse sporadic intestinal and colonic tumors reflecting human etiology, incidence, frequency, and lag with developmental age. Complex NWD1 stem cell and lineage reprogramming was deconvolved by bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing, functional genomics, and imaging. NWD1 extensively, rapidly, and reversibly, reprogrammed Lgr5hi stem cells, epigenetically downregulating Ppargc1a expression, altering mitochondrial structure and function. This suppressed Lgr5hi stem cell functions and developmental maturation of Lgr5hi cell progeny as cells progressed through progenitor cell compartments, recapitulated by Ppargc1a genetic inactivation in Lgr5hi cells in vivo. Mobilized Bmi1+, Ascl2hi cells adapted lineages to the nutritional environment and elevated antigen processing and presentation pathways, especially in mature enterocytes, causing chronic, protumorigenic low-level inflammation. There were multiple parallels between NWD1 remodeling of stem cells and lineages with pathogenic mechanisms in human inflammatory bowel disease, also protumorigenic. Moreover, the shift to alternate stem cells reflects that the balance between Lgr5-positive and -negative stem cells in supporting human colon tumors is determined by environmental influences. Stem cell and lineage plasticity in response to nutrients supports historic concepts of homeostasis as a continual adaptation to environment, with the human mucosa likely in constant flux in response to changing nutrient exposures.

Implications:
Although oncogenic mutations provide a competitive advantage to intestinal epithelial cells in clonal expansion, the competition is on a playing field dynamically sculpted by the nutritional environment, influencing which cells dominate in mucosal maintenance and tumorigenesis.
Abstract Number ‐ 2: Intravenous Thrombolysis for Pediatric Ischemic Stroke: Twenty Years of Population‐Level Data in the United States
Authors: Dicpinigaitis Alis J , Shapiro Steven D , Nuoman Rolla , Kamal Haris , Overby Philip , Kaur Gurmeen , Chong Ji Y , Fifi Johanna T , Dangayach Neha , Miller Eliza C , Yaghi Shadi , Al‐Mufti Fawaz 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
Although intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) represents standard‐of‐care treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in eligible adult patients, definitive evidence‐based guidelines and randomized clinical trial data evaluating its safety and efficacy in the pediatric population remain absent from the literature. We aim to evaluate the utilization and outcomes of IVT for the treatment of pediatric AIS using a large national registry.

Methods
Weighted hospitalizations for pediatric (<18 years of age) AIS patients were identified in the National Inpatient Sample during the period of 2001 to 2019. Complex samples statistical methods were performed to assess unadjusted and adjusted outcomes in patients treated with IVT or other medical management.

Results
Among 13,901 pediatric AIS patients, 270 (1.9%) were treated with IVT monotherapy (median age 12.8 years). IVT‐treated patients developed any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) at a rate of 5.6% (n = 15), and 71.9% (n = 194) experienced favorable functional outcomes at discharge (to home or to acute rehabilitation). Following propensity‐score adjustment for age, acute stroke severity, infarct location, and etiological/comorbid conditions, IVT was not associated with an increased risk of any ICH [5.6% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.931; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48, 2.14, p = 0.971], nor with favorable functional outcome (71.9% vs. 74.5%, p = 0.489; aOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.60, 1.29, p = 0.511) in comparison with other medical therapy.

Conclusions
Twenty years of population‐level data in the United States demonstrate that pediatric AIS patients treated with IVT experienced high rates of favorable outcomes without an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation.
Abstract Number ‐ 6: Basilar Artery Occlusion Thrombectomy Technique: An International Survey of Practice Patterns
Authors: Klein Piers , Herning Ana , Drumm Brian , Raymond Jean , Abdalkader Mohamad , Sahoo Anurag , Siegler James E , Chen Yimin , Huo Xiaochuan , Schonewille Wouter J , Liu Xinfeng , Hu Wei , Ji Xunming , Lapergue Bertrand , Li Chuanhui , Alemseged Fana , Strbian Daniel , Fischer Urs , Kaesmacher Johannes , Yamagami Hiroshi , Puetz Volker , Sacco Simona , Kristoffersen Espen Saxhaug , Demeestere Jelle , Lobotesis Kyriakos , Aydin Kubilay , Diana Francesco , Masoud Hesham E , Ma Alice , Novakovic‐White Roberta , Al‐Mufti Fawaz , Ton Mai Duy , Gentric Jean Christophe , Caroff Jildaz , Psychogios Marios‐Nikos , Meyer Lukas , Fiehler Jens , English Joey , Gupta Rishi , Yan Bernard , Campbell Bruce , Jadhav Ashutosh P , Lee Jin Soo , Thomalla Götz , Nagel Simon , Zaidat Osama O , Qiu Zhongming , Miao Zhongrong , Banerjee Soma , Nguyen Thanh N 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
Two recent trials demonstrated a benefit for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in the treatment of basilar artery occlusion (BAO). Considering the expected increase in the utilization of EVT for BAO, we sought to understand the technique preferences of neurointerventionalists currently performing EVT for BAO.

Methods
We conducted an international online survey of physician opinions on the use of EVT in BAO between January to March 2022. The survey was distributed through stroke and neurointerventional organizations. Survey questions examined selection of patients for the procedure and the techniques currently used for EVT in BAO.

Results
More than 3,000 participants were invited yielding 1,245 respondents, of which 543 were classified as neurointerventionalists across 52 countries and included in this analysis. Most neurointerventionalists would proceed to EVT for occlusions of the V4 segment, the basilar artery, or the PCA, without regard for prior IVT. For BAO of embolic etiology, aspiration only thrombectomy was the preferred method with 50.3% of neurointerventionalists. For BAO of intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) etiology, combined stent retriever and aspiration thrombectomy was the preferred method with 40.5% of neurointerventionalists (Figure 1). The majority of neurointerventionalists (88.0%) would proceed to stenting after three or fewer failed passes for patients with BAO of ICAD etiology. In patients undergoing stenting, aspirin and clopidogrel was the most common antiplatelet regime (52.4%).

Conclusions
Amongst the surveyed neurointerventionalists, the most common techniques for EVT of patients with BAO were contact aspiration or combined stent retriever with aspiration thrombectomy. For patients with BAO due to ICAD, the majority of neurointerventionalists were willing to stent and do so most often after three or fewer failed passes and with the use of dual antiplatelet medications. Further study is needed to determine the optimal technique for EVT of BAO with or without ICAD.