bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers of Toxic Exposure and Oxidative Stress Among U.S. Adult Users of Premium Cigar Versus Other Cigar Subtypes: 2013–2019
Authors: Dai Hongying Daisy , Benowitz Neal L , Rogan Eleanor , Degarege Abraham , Buckley James , Khan Ali S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Cigars are currently the second-highest-used combustible tobacco product among U.S. adults, but knowledge about health effects of premium cigars versus other cigar subtype use is limited.

Aims and Methods
This study analyzed the biospecimen data (n = 31 875) from Waves 1-5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, collected during 2013–2019. Multivariable generalized estimation equations, accounting for within-person clustering, were conducted to examine differences in urine biomarkers of exposure (BOE) from five classes of harmful and potentially harmful constituents along with a biomarker of oxidative stress (urine 8-isoprostane) among exclusive users of premium cigars versus other exclusive cigar subtypes (ie, non-premium large cigars, cigarillos, and filtered cigars), cigarettes, and non-tobacco users.

Results
In comparison to non-tobacco users, exclusive premium cigar users had higher geometric mean concentrations of the nicotine metabolite cotinine (5.8 vs. 0.5ng/mg, p &lt; .0001), tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL): 7.8 vs. 1.3pg/mg, p &lt; .0001), and volatile organic compound (VOC) (N-Acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine (CYMA, acrylonitrile): 4.7 vs. 1.6ng/mg, p &lt; .0001). Exclusive premium cigar users were less likely to be daily users than other tobacco user groups and had comparable BOEs with exclusive non-premium large cigar users but generally lower BOEs than exclusive cigarillo, filtered cigar, and cigarette smokers. Daily exclusive premium cigar users had similar nicotine and TSNA exposure but lower exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds than exclusive cigarillo and filtered cigar users.

Conclusions
Premium cigar use exhibits different exposure to toxicants from other cigar subtype users. Regulations of premium cigars need to formalize product definition and take the population’s health effects into consideration.

Implications
This population study provides important information on BOE and potential harm with premium cigar use and its potential health effects. At present, premium cigars appear to pose a relatively low overall population health risk due to low frequency of use. However, future regulation of other tobacco products might change the landscape of premium cigar use and alter the overall health impact.
Evaluating Correlations Between Premium Cigar Smoking and Mental Health and Substance Use Dependence Conditions Among U.S. Adults, 2010–2019
Authors: Bover Manderski Michelle T , Ganz Ollie , Chen-Sankey Julia , Villanti Andrea C , Delnevo Cristine D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Improved understanding of health conditions associated with premium cigar smoking can inform efforts to reduce cigar use. This paper extends findings commissioned for the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine report on premium cigars.

Aims and Methods
We pooled 2010–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data to evaluate cross-sectional associations between premium cigar smoking and mental health and substance use conditions among U.S. adults. A series of logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption compared odds of each condition associated with past-month premium cigar smoking relative to past-month nonpremium cigar smoking, never tobacco use, and current established cigarette smoking.

Results
Premium cigar smoking was associated with lower adjusted odds of past month serious psychological distress, past year major depressive episode, and cannabis and illicit drug dependence relative to nonpremium cigar and cigarette smoking; however, higher odds of alcohol and cannabis dependence were observed relative to never tobacco use, and lower odds of alcohol dependence were observed relative to current cigarette smoking but not current nonpremium cigar smoking.

Conclusions
We observed considerable variation in both magnitude and direction of associations between premium cigar smoking and mental health and substance use indicators depending on the condition and reference group to which premium cigar smoking was compared.

Implications
Premium cigar smoking frequently cooccurs with cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, thus potential health correlates must be considered in appropriate context. We observed considerable variation in direction and magnitude of association depending on the health condition and reference population, as well as potential for reverse causality and residual confounding in this cross-sectional analysis. As the tobacco landscape continues to evolve, rigorous scientific studies that incorporate clear differentiation of cigar type, measures of cumulative use, and temporal data collection are necessary to fully evaluate the health effects of premium cigar smoking and effectively inform Food and Drug Administration regulation.
Paternal feeding practices and styles: a systematic review
Authors: Lozano-Casanova Mar , Gutierrez-Hervas Ana , Richart-Martinez Miguel , Oliver-Roig Antonio , Sospedra Isabel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Context
Studies on parenting, including feeding styles and practices in general, have focused mainly on mothers. Consequently, there is a gap with respect to fathers in the scientific literature.

Objective
This study's main objective is to determine paternal feeding styles toward children aged 0 to 18 years and to identify those most commonly used by men.

Data Sources
The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PsycINFO databases were consulted.

Data Extraction
Articles that were not published in English, Spanish, or Italian were excluded, as well as those that referred to other subjects, those whose sample did not include men, or those studying children with pathologies that could influence their diet. All the articles ultimately included were assessed using the STROBE checklist.

Data Analysis
A total of 183 articles were found. Of these, 13 were included in the review. No trend was found for paternal parenting style, and disparities existed among the authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive styles. In terms of feeding practices, men were more likely to use coercion. The most reported feeding styles were authoritarian and permissive.

Conclusions
The findings of systematic review suggest cultural and gender differences exist with respect to parenting styles and feeding styles and practices. In terms of paternal parenting styles, there is some disparity. However, when it comes to feeding, men showed a tendency toward an authoritarian feeding style and coercive feeding practices.
Partnerships between police and GBV service providers in remote, rural, and island communities in northern Scotland before and during COVID-19
Authors: Pedersen Sarah , Mueller-Hirth Natascha , Miller Leia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 exacerbated challenges that already existed in the policing of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) in remote and rural northern Scotland. Victims’ direct access to the police and third-sector organisations was impeded by social distancing while the pandemic exacerbated extant issues relating to staffing, particularly in relation to female police officers. On the positive side, the flexibility that already characterised rural and remote policing continued, and police officers and third-sector organisations worked together to support victims. The move to videoconferencing was hailed as a positive move in an area where travel to meetings or court can be difficult and expensive. A lack of training for officers with no specific GBV role was identified as particularly problematic during the pandemic when officers on the ground in rural and remote Scotland had to take over work usually undertaken by specialist task forces.
L-functions with Riemann’s functional equation and the Riemann hypothesis
Authors: Nakamura Takashi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Let χ4 be the non-principal Dirichlet character mod 4 and $L(s,\chi_4)$ be the Dirichlet L-function associated with χ4 and put $R(s):= s 4^{s} L(s+1,\chi_4) + \pi L(s-1,\chi_4)$. In the present paper, we show that the function R(s) has the Riemann’s functional equation and its zeros only at the non-positive even integers and complex numbers with real part $1/2$. We also give other L-functions that have the same property.
3D-printed porous functional composite scaffolds with polydopamine decoration for bone regeneration
Authors: Qi Jin , Wang Yili , Chen Liping , Chen Linjie , Wen Feng , Huang Lijiang , Rueben Pfukwa , Zhang Chunwu , Li Huaqiong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Large size bone defects affect human health and remain a worldwide health problem that needs to be solved immediately. 3D printing technology has attracted substantial attention for preparing penetrable multifunctional scaffolds to promote bone reconditioning and regeneration. Inspired by the spongy structure of natural bone, novel porous degradable scaffolds have been printed using polymerization of lactide and caprolactone (PLCL) and bioactive glass 45S5 (BG), and polydopamine (PDA) was used to decorate the PLCL/BG scaffolds. The physicochemical properties of the PLCL/BG and PLCL/BG/PDA scaffolds were measured, and their osteogenic and angiogenic effects were characterized through a series of experiments both in vitro and in vivo. The results show that the PLCL/BG2/PDA scaffold possessed a good compression modulus and brilliant hydrophilicity. The proliferation, adhesion and osteogenesis of hBMSCs were improved in the PDA coating groups, which exhibited the best performance. The results of the SD rat cranium defect model indicate that PLCL/BG2/PDA obviously promoted osteointegration, which was further confirmed through immunohistochemical staining. Therefore, PDA decoration and the sustained release of bioactive ions (Ca, Si, P) from BG in the 3D-printed PLCL/BG2/PDA scaffold could improve surface bioactivity and promote better osteogenesis and angiogenesis, which may provide a valuable basis for customized implants in extensive bone defect repair applications.
Study of food toxicology of toxins artificially introduced into the food or fruits
Authors: Bhandare Saurabh Dilip , Malode Sarika Shivaji 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A recent incidence reported in NEWS media of artificial fruits ripening agent’s toxic to health and killed several seasonal fruit eaters because of the toxicity of the fruit introduced with such toxic ripening agents that affect adversely on health of humans and animals both consumers equivalently have been highlighted in this study.
Vitamin D Receptor and Retinoid X Receptor Alpha in Melanocytic Benign Lesions and Melanoma
Authors: Ocanha Xavier Juliana Polizel , Xavier José Cândido Caldeira , da Silva Márcia Guimarães , Marques Mariângela Esther Alencar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) exerts its biological effects when it heterodimerizes to a nuclear receptor of the retinoid family called retinoid X receptor α (RXRα), stimulating or inhibiting DNA transcription. VDR stimulation by vitamin D analogs led to in vitro antiproliferative effects, and experimental RXRα knockout led to loss of proliferation control in melanoma cells. The aim of this study was to determine VDR and RXRα positivity in melanocytic lesions, compared with normal skin species. By immunohistochemistry assays, nuclear VDR, cytoplasmic VDR, and RXRα and RXRα in keratinocytes surrounding melanocytes were evaluated in 77 controls, 92 intradermal nevi, 54 dysplastic nevi, and 83 melanomas in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Nuclear VDR, cytoplasmic VDR, and RXRα were less expressed in exposed areas (P < 0.001, P = 0.0006, and P < 0.001, respectively) than covered areas. All melanocytic lesions had loss of VDR and RXRα comparing with the control group. In the melanoma group, nuclear VDR tended to inversely correlate with the Breslow index (r = −0.11, P = 0.29) but directly correlated with histological regression (P = 0.0293). RXRα inversely correlated with mitosis (r = −0.245; P = 0.0263). We can suggest that sun exposure affected VDR and RXRα immunopositivity. Nuclear VDR tendency of inverse correlation with the Breslow index showed that worse melanomas have a greater loss of VDR. RXRα inversely correlated with mitosis, indicating that RXRα can have a role in proliferation control. VDR and RXRα may participate in the development of melanocytic lesions and be a future target of new studies and directed therapies.
Effectiveness and Safety of P2Y12 Inhibitor Pretreatment for Primary PCI in STEMI: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Presume João , Gomes Daniel A. , Ferreira Jorge , Albuquerque Francisco , Almeida Manuel , Uva Miguel Sousa , Aguiar Carlos , Mendes Miguel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has been shown to be associated with better outcomes. Yet, there is uncertainty regarding the optimal timing for its initiation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence on pretreatment with P2Y12 inhibitors in combination with aspirin in patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We performed a systematic search of electronic databases PubMed, CENTRAL, and Scopus until April 2022. Studies were eligible if they compared P2Y12 inhibitor upstream administration with downstream use in patients with STEMI submitted to PCI. Studies with patients receiving fibrinolysis or medical therapy only were excluded. Outcomes were assessed at the shortest follow-up available. Of 2491 articles, 3 RCT and 16 non-RCT studies were included, with a total of 79,300 patients (66.1% pretreated, 66.0% treated with clopidogrel). Pretreatment was associated with reduction in definite stent thrombosis (odds ratio [OR] 0.61 [0.38–0.98]), all-cause death (OR 0.77 [0.60–0.97]), and cardiogenic shock (OR 0.60 [0.48–0.75]). It was also associated with a lower incidence of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow <3 pre-PCI (OR 0.78 [0.67–0.92]). However, incidence of recurrent MI was not significantly reduced (OR 0.93 [0.57–1.52]). Regarding safety, pretreatment was not associated with a higher risk of major bleeding events (OR 0.83 [0.75–0.92]). Pretreatment with dual antiplatelet therapy, including a P2Y12 inhibitor, was associated with better pre-PCI coronary perfusion, lower incidence of definite stent thrombosis, cardiogenic shock, and, possibly, all-cause mortality with no sign of potential harm encountered.
A Second Drain Decreases Seroma Formation in Prepectoral Immediate Breast Reconstruction with an Acellular Dermal Matrix
Authors: George Robert E. , Taege Sara M. , Seils Grant R. , Yoo Aran , Elwood Eric T. , Jones Glyn E. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Seroma formation is the most common complication after mastectomy. While the exact pathophysiology behind seroma development has not been entirely elucidated, seromas are associated with negative outcomes in breast reconstruction. The utilization of drains is one method to combat seroma. However, the current state of plastic surgery is divided as to whether one drain or two drains is optimal in reducing seroma formation. We hypothesized that using two drains instead of one drain would reduce the risk of seroma more so than one drain.

Methods:
This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent prepectoral direct to implant reconstruction at a single institution by a single surgeon. Each patient underwent reconstruction with either one or two drains. Patients were followed postoperatively for rates of seroma formation. Seroma were classified as either minor or major. Secondary variables including drain duration, infection, and necrosis were also analyzed.

Results:
A total of 99 breasts and 71 patients experienced breast reconstruction with two drains, and 163 breasts corresponding to 135 patients received reconstruction with one drain. In the two drain cohort, 14 (14.1%) developed a seroma, with 11 (11.1%) being minor seromas and three (3.03%) being major seromas. In comparison, out of the one drain cohort, 41 (25.2%) developed a seroma, with 35 (21.5%) being a minor seroma and six (3.68%) being classified as major.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that two drains decreases the rate and risk of seroma formation compared to one drain in prepectoral breast reconstruction with an acellular dermal matrix.
Factors Associated With Receipt of Crosslinking for Keratoconus
Authors: Son Hyeck-Soo , Nugent Liam , Wang Jiangxia , Varadaraj Varshini , Smith Kerry , Bower Kraig S. , Mgboji Glory , Soiberman Uri S. , Srikumaran Divya 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with receipt of standard fluence epithelium-off crosslinking (CXL) for keratoconus (KCN).

Methods:
This retrospective, cross-sectional study reviewed electronic health records of treatment-naive patients with KCN seen at the Wilmer Eye Institute between January 2017 and September 2020. Tomographic data were derived from Pentacam (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) devices. Multivariable population-average model using generalized estimating equations adjusting for age, sex, race, national area deprivation index, vision correction method, and disease severity was used to identify factors associated with receipt of CXL.

Results:
From 583 patients with KCN, 97 (16.6%) underwent CXL for KCN. Patients who received CXL in at least 1 eye were significantly younger (mean 24.0 ± 7.8 years) than patients who had never undergone CXL (33.4 ± 9.3 years) (P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, Black patients had 63% lower odds of receiving CXL for KCN (OR: 0.37, 95% CI, 0.18–0.79) versus White patients, and older age was protective against receipt of CXL (OR: 0.89 per 1-year increase, 95% CI, 0.86–0.93). Comparison of characteristics by race demonstrated that Black patients presented with significantly worse vision, higher keratometric indices (K1, K2, and Kmax), and thinner corneal pachymetry at baseline versus White or Asian patients.

Conclusions:
In this clinical cohort of patients with KCN from a tertiary referral center, Black patients were less likely to receive CXL presumably because of more advanced disease at presentation. Earlier active population screening may be indicated to identify and treat these patients before they become ineligible for treatment and develop irreversible vision loss. Such strategies may improve health equity in KCN management.
Scientometric analysis of trends in global research on acne treatment
Authors: Zolotarev Oleg , Khakimova Aida , Rahim Fakher , Senel Engin , Zatsman Igor , Gu Dongxiao 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Acne or acne vulgaris is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the sebaceous follicles.

Objectives:
The present study aims to identify the main lines of research in the field of acne treatment using reproducible scientometric methods. In this article, we reviewed the following research trends: facial acne, different antibiotics, retinoids, anti-inflammatory drugs, epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors therapy, and associated diseases.

Methods:
The analysis of publications from the PubMed collection was carried out from 1871 to 2022. All data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The evolution of the terminological portrait of the disease is shown.

Results:
Trends in the use of various groups of antibiotics, retinoids, anti-inflammatory drugs, and photodynamic therapy for acne treatment have been found. There is a growing interest in clindamycin and doxycycline (polynomial and exponential growth, respectively). The effects of isotretinoin are also being studied more frequently (active linear growth). The publication of studies on spironolactone is increasing (linear growth). There is also a steady interest in the use of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in the recent years. There is active research on acne and polycystic ovary syndrome (exponential growth).

Limitations:
Only articles in English were selected. The most frequent terms were considered.

Conclusions:
The dynamics of publication activity in the field of acne was considered. The aim of the current scientometric study was to analyze the global trends in acne treatments. The trend analysis made it possible to identify the most explored areas of research, as well as indicate those areas in dermatology in which interest is declining.
Self-Stigma's Effect on Psychosocial Functioning Among People With Mental Illness
Authors: Qin Sang , Corrigan Patrick , Margaglione Maria , Smith Andrew 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Consequences of self-stigma exhibit a four-step regressive model from being aware of public stigma, to agreeing with it, to applying it to oneself, to resulting harm on the self. We hypothesize the relationship between self-stigma and psychosocial functioning is mediated by three constructs: the why try effect, stigma stress coping resources, and personal recovery. Two hundred eight people with depressive and bipolar disorders participated the study. Data partially supported the regressive model of self-stigma. Awareness was not found to be associated with other regressive stages. The model representing the path between self-stigma-harm and psychosocial functioning was significant and robust. The path was mediated by the why try effect and personal recovery. Findings echo the growing body of research attempting to describe outcomes of self-stigma, in this case, psychosocial functioning. Programs meant to erase self-stigma, and its effect on functioning should incorporate the why try effect and personal recovery as strategic ingredients.
Cross-sectional Evaluation of Neurotology Fellowship Directors: A Present-day Snapshot of Leadership
Authors: Hullfish Haley , Schachner Benjamin , Zippi Zachary , Kamrava Brandon , Angeli Simon 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
To identify demographic, training, and career trends of neurotology fellowship directors (FDs).

Study Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
United States.

Subjects:
All 26 neurotology FDs identified using the American Neurotology Society (ANS) ACGME Accredited Neurotology Fellowship Program Directory, accessed November 2021.

Main Outcome Measures:
Data were collected via CVs, institutional biographies, and emailed questionnaires. Data collected includes age, gender, race and ethnicity, residency and fellowship training institution, time since training completion until FD, length of time as FD, and Hirsch-index (h-index).

Results:
Twenty-six FDs were identified, and 17/26 (65.4%) FDs responded to the questionnaire. The majority (23/26; 88.5%) were male. The mean age of male and female FDs was 56 versus 47 years, respectively. Of the 17 that responded to the survey, 82.4% (14/17) self-identified as Caucasian. The mean h-index was 25.4. Older age correlated with a higher h-index (r = 0.46, P = 0.019). The duration (mean ± SD, years) from fellowship graduation to FD appointment was 10.7 ± 8.1 and 6.3 ± 4.8 from institutional hire. Six (23.1%) FDs had secondary graduate degrees, and 9 (34.6%) held a leadership position at a national otolaryngology organization.

Conclusion:
This observational study assesses demographic data on current neurotology FDs in the United States with an analysis of gender disparities. The objective measures identified can provide a baseline for growth in FD leadership.