bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The inert pair effect on the heavy noble gases: New insights from radon tetroxide.
Authors: Bandeira Nuno , Marçalo Joaquim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A quantum chemical survey of radon and xenon tetroxides (NgO4, Ng = Xe,Rn) is reported herein. The intermediate species that will form in their explosive decomposition back to their elemental states (Ng and O2) were also studied and their energetics compared. While Td symmetric RnO4 is a minimum energy structure, its standard enthalpy of formation is 88.6 kJ mol− 1 higher than for XeO4. The reason for this higher instability lies in what is known as the inert pair effect. This work adds to what is established wisdom in inorganic chemistry textbooks, a feature of the heavy elements of groups 13–15, extending it to include group 18.
The impact of indirect notification of a cancer diagnosis and a risk model based on it to predict the prognosis of postoperative stage T3 esophageal cancer patients
Authors: Cheng Yalin , Yu Minhao , Zhang Renfei , Long Zhiquan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chinese doctors are required to inform patients’ direct relatives of a cancer diagnosis rather than the patients themselves. The disease may be hidden from patients by their family members, which could result in severe outcomes. We selected postoperative T3 esophageal cancer (EsC) patients hospitalized from June 2015 to December 2016 as research subjects. The patients were divided into a direct-notification group and an indirect-notification group. Several variables were used to evaluate both groups’ 36-month progress-free survival (PFS). Statistically significant results based on univariate analysis were incorporated into a Cox regression analysis. A risk prediction model of prognosis based on the risk score was established, which was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. Internal validation was performed using bootstrapping. Seventy-two patients were enrolled in the study. Cox multivariate regression analysis revealed that late stage, poor pathological differentiation, and indirect notification were independent worse risk factors for postoperative T3 stage EsC patients at 36-month PFS (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.829, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.027–3.258, P = 0.040; HR = 0.457, 95% CI: 0.259–0.805, P = 0.007; HR = 1.993, 95% CI: 1.117–3.556, P = 0.020, respectively). The risk score was calculated as follows: risk score = 0.690 × cancer notification (indirect = 1, direct = 0) + 0.604 × stage (IIIB = 1, IIA + IIB = 0) – 0.784 × pathological differentiation (moderately + well = 1, poorly = 0). The AUC of the model that included the type of notification was 0.727 (95% CI: 0.606–0.848), with a sensitivity of 70.0% and specificity of 75.0%, and the stability was better through internal verification. Indirect notification of a cancer diagnosis was an important negative predictor of postoperative EsC patients' PFS. The model that combined stage, pathological differentiation, and the type of notification of a cancer diagnosis displayed good accuracy and internal stability in the prediction of risk for cancer progression.
An experimental crystallization of the Macusani obsidian in a thermal gradient with applications to lithium-rich granitic pegmatites
Authors: London David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Drilled cores of Macusani green obsidian pebbles from Peru were hydrated and melted above their liquidus temperatures at 200 MPa to a single column ~4 cm in length and then undercooled in a thermal gradient &gt;150 °C along the length of the cores. Despite thousands of hours at subliquidus temperatures, the crystallinity of the products ranged from ~30 to ~5 vol%. Mineral assemblages varied along the length of the cores but not in relation to the thermal gradients in all cases. Oscillations in the abundances of plagioclase, K-feldspar, and quartz were observed across the crystallization fronts and along the lengths of the cores. The originally homogeneous melts became heterogeneous in response to crystallization and to thermal gradients. Chemical gradients in the glasses included sharp boundary layer pile-up of F and B adjacent to the crystallization fronts, as well as linear gradients among several of the elements spanning the entire lengths of the melt columns. Values of molar K/(K+Na) in the glasses, plotted as K*, varied positively with Si, inversely with Al and F, and positively with the domains of K-feldspar that formed at maximum distance from the plagioclase-rich regions. Overall, the results are marked by sharply bounded textural domains, by the spatial segregation of mineral assemblages, by oscillations in mineral assemblages at multiple scales, and by monomineralic crystal aggregates that are hallmarks of pegmatite bodies. Temperatures recorded by feldspars closely approached the actual temperature gradient down to ~500 °C, and the solvus on the alkali feldspar join has been delineated for the first time by the simultaneous crystallization of feldspars from an undercooled melt.
Pea and Chickpea Protein Concentrates: Quality Indicators
Authors: Kolpakova Valentina , Ulanova Rusalia , Kulikov Denis , Gulakova Valentina , Semenov Gennadiy , Shevjakova Ludmila 
Published: December 2022

Protein deficiency in human and animal diet demands novel protein components, e.g., various leguminous concentrates. This article compares the quality indicators of food and feed protein concentrates obtained by biotechnological and biosynthetic methods from pea and chickpea flour.
The research featured pea and chickpea protein concentrates; enzyme preparations Shearzym 500 L, Viscoferm L, Fungamyl 800 L, and Alcalase 2.4 L (Denmark); Saccharomyces and Geotrichum micromycetes yeasts. The protein concentrates were obtained from pea and chickpea flour using a new technology developed by the authors. The properties of the protein concentrates were studied by chemical, physicochemical, biochemical, and microbiological research methods.
The research resulted in new protein concentrates for human diet and microbial-vegetable feed concentrates. The protein content was 83.22 ± 0.35% on dry basis in the chickpea protein concentrate and 71.78 ± 0.35% on dry basis in the pea concentrate. The indicator of biological value, adjusted for protein digestibility, was 96% for the pea protein concentrate and 76% for the chickpea protein concentrate. The resulting protein concentrates differed in the content of essential amino acids, copper, cobalt, manganese, and nickel, as well as in phenolic acids and their derivatives. The chickpea concentrate had a greater foaming capacity and lower foam stability, which correlated with a greater content of phenolic acids, their derivatives, parallel β-structures, and antiparallel protein 310-helices. Both the concentrates had the same results in assimilating whey carbohydrates by the consortium of Saccharomyces and G. micromycete. Both types of the dry feed biomass contained 61.68–64.10% protein on dry basis, while the biomasses with culture liquid contained 47.15–51.09% protein on dry basis. The biologically complete feed concentrates differed in the mass fraction of fat, soluble and insoluble fibers, minerals, and fatty acids. The amounts of phenolic acids and their derivatives (mg/g of protein) in the raw materials and the concentrates correlated with the optical density of their aqueous solutions at D590 nm and the color of the preparations (R = 0.895).
The new pea and chickpea flour protein concentrates can be recommended as human food components, while the microbial-vegetable concentrates from pea and chickpea serum can improve the quality of raw materials of animal origin in animal feed.
Low complexity single-layer neural network for enhanced rainfall estimation using microwave links
Authors: Daher Ali , Al Sakka Hassan , Chaaban Alain Khaled 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA low complexity accurate model for precipitation estimation is crucial for monitoring several hydrological and water resource applications. Based on the R-k empirical power-law relation described by the P.838-3 ITU recommendation, rainfall rate can be predicted based on specific attenuation of microwave links. The accuracy of this method is impacted by several ambiguities and errors. In order to overcome these limitations, numerous highly complex pre-treatment and post-processing methods should be used. As an alternative method of low complexity, a supervised learning algorithm using a single-layer neural network (the perceptron) is suggested in this paper. Optimal weights parameters were obtained based on the minimization of the mean square error (MSE). A case study was carried out using 40 days of data gathered from two commercial microwave links (CMLs) and one rain gauge. Experimental results showed that this machine learning-supervised approach performed better than the R-k-based method. The mean square error of the path-averaged rainfall rate was reduced from 0.13 mm2 h-1 to 0.08 mm2 h-1 for training data, and from 0.2 mm2 h-1 to 0.1 mm2 h-1 for test data. This promising alternative method for rainfall estimation could considerably improve the efficiency of many applications, such as those developed for real-time urban flood risk management.
Stakeholder acceptance of shared toilets to improve sanitation access in low-income urban settings: a case study of Gulu city, Uganda
Authors: Schoell Anna Therese , Scott Rebecca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With growing worldwide urbanisation, ensuring adequate sanitation for all urban citizens is gaining importance. Access to sufficient and appropriate sanitation presents particular challenges for low-income areas of high population density. In Gulu city, Uganda, 87% of the population relies on shared sanitation facilities. This paper investigates under what circumstances shared toilets can offer access to improved sanitation facilities. It explores stakeholders' perceptions of shared toilets – users, political leaders, and key decision-makers of Gulu. Findings are analysed from an existing dataset of over 10,000 households, alongside qualitative data from household interviews, key informant interviews with health inspectors, health workers, political leaders, and focus group discussions. Results reveal that shared toilets have the potential to improve access to enhanced sanitation technology in areas where people lack the space and financial means to construct individual household toilets. For shared toilets to be acceptable, they would be of a higher sanitation technology, located on private land, with the familiarity of users, and agreed cleaning and maintenance regimes. The paper, therefore, proposes improving both the technology and arrangements for the use of shared facilities, to a level that satisfies users and improves access to safe sanitation in low-income urban areas.
Rehabilitation of canal irrigation schemes in India: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Chauhan Manoj Kumar , Ram Shobha 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe article describes a brief history of canal irrigation development and rehabilitation measures taken up in the past. The processes leading to deterioration in the condition of canal irrigation systems, necessitating rehabilitation, have been described. Based on a survey of several irrigation commands in different agro-climatic zones, the problems in aged irrigation projects are presented. The purpose is to identify the technical and non-technical factors limiting the performance of canal irrigation systems. Regarding rehabilitation of canal irrigation systems, several policy issues have been raised and discussed. The importance of the issues raised pertaining to canal rehabilitation and the solutions have also been discussed in this article.
Improvement of coal gasification reverse osmosis concentrate treatment by Cu-Co-Mn/AC catalytic ozonation
Authors: Chen Xiurong , Gu Hao , Sun Xiaoli , Tian Jinyi , Li Qiuyue , Pan Tao , Zhang Xinyu , Hu Xueyang , Linghu Shanshan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Approximately 20% of concentrate will be produced from coal gasification wastewater after reverse osmosis treatment. The organic matter contained in the concentrate affects its evaporation crystallisation; therefore, the refractory organics must be removed. In this study, Cu-Co-Mn/AC catalytic ozonation was used to treat reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC). With the addition of the Cu-Co-Mn/AC catalyst, the production of ·OH increased by 82 μmol/L, thereby enhancing the ozonation performance. The pH, ozone dosage, and catalyst dosage all affected the catalytic ozonation performance. By constructing a response surface model, it was found that the catalyst dosage had the most significant effect on the catalytic ozonation performance. The predicted optimal reaction conditions were pH = 9.02, ozone dosage = 1.08 g/L, and catalyst dosage = 1.33 g/L, under which the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal reached a maximum of 81.49%.
Chemistry of Quinolines and their Agrochemical Potential
Authors: Utreja Divya , Salotra Riddhi , Kaur Gurbir , Sharma Shivali , Kaushal Sonia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
Human population is increasing at an alarming rate which indirectly imposes
pressure on agriculture and food supply. However, crop production is reduced by pathogenic
infections which have engrossed the attention of chemists and agriculturists to develop newer
agrochemicals with improved characteristics. Quinoline, one of the nitrogen-containing
heterocyclic compound act as a privileged scaffold in the designing of highly efficient drugs
due to their chemical and biological diversity. It has gained significant attention for several
years due to its broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-malarial, anti-microbial,
anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-plasmodial, and anti-protozoal etc. The depiction of varied
biological activities of quinoline impelled us to outlook the progress of synthesis and agrochemical
potential of numerous quinoline derivatives with well-known and typical examples
from 2015 to 2021. The review focuses on the advancement in the synthesis of quinoline derivatives and
their agrochemical potential. This review revealed that abundant work has been done in order to synthesize quinoline
derivatives and were evaluated for their agrochemical potential using different methods. The information
given in this article may be helpful to the researchers to analyze the already reported studies and explore new
compounds for the development of efficient agrochemicals.
Synthesis of 5-membered Heteroaryl-substituted Benzyloxy-benzaldehydes by the
Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reaction
Authors: Bölcskei Hedvig , Andrea Német-Hanzelik , Keglevich György 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
In medicinal chemistry, benzyloxy-benzaldehyde is a valuable intermediate, to which the attachment of a five membered heterocycle may be advantageous from the point of view of drug design. The starting iodo-benzyloxy-benzaldehydes were synthesized by the O-benzylation of o-, m- and p-hydroxybenzaldehydes with 2-, 3- and 4-iodobenzylbromides in refluxing acetone or acetonitrile in the presence of potassium carbonate and potassium iodide. Starting from the corresponding iodo-benzyloxy-benzaldehydes, the Suzuki-Miyaura carbon-carbon cross-coupling reaction was utilized to get five membered heteroaryl-substituted benzyloxy-benzaldehydes. Various methods for Suzuki cross-coupling were studied. The applied boronic acids were 2- and 3-thiophene-boronic acids, as well as 2- and 3-furan-boronic acids. The reactions were followed by TLC and HPLC-UV-MS analysis. The products were purified by column chromatography. The original Suzuki method comprising NaOEt/EtOH, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, in toluene was applied only in a few cases, resulting in poor yields. In several cases, the Suzuki coupling of substituted aryl iodides with 2-furanboronic acid failed to result in the formation of the expected products using the palladium acetate/tri(o-tolyl)phosphine/aqueous tripotassium phosphate/dimethoxyethan system. But reacting 3-thiophene-boronic acids with the corresponding iodo-benzyloxybenzaldehydes, this method afforded the products in 76-99 % yields. The more powerful tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium/
aqueous cesium carbonate/dimethylformamide system seemed to be more successful in cases of 2-thiophene boronic acid as well as 2- and 3-furan-boronic acids, providing the desired products in 75-93% yield. Twenty-six new compounds were synthesized.
Longitudinal Assessment of Preterm Infants Treated with Erythropoiesis
Stimulating Agents
Authors: Ohls Robin K. , Lowe Jean , Yeo Ronald A. , Patel Shrena , Winter Sarah , Campbell Richard A. , Baker Shawna , Phillips John 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
We previously reported improved neurodevelopment at 2 and 4 years among preterm infants treated with erythropoietin or darbepoetin, known as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). We now characterize longitudinal outcomes through 6 years.

Methods:
Children randomized to ESAs or placebo were evaluated at 6 years. Healthy-term chil-dren served as controls. Tests of cognition and executive function (EF) were performed.

Results:
Cognitive/EF scores remained similar between 4 and 6 years within each group (ESA: 43 children; placebo: 17 children; term: 21 children). ESA recipients scored higher than placebo on Full-Scale IQ (94.2 ± 18.6 vs. 81.6 ± 16.7, p = 0.022), and Performance IQ (97.3 ± 16.2 vs. 81.7 ± 15.2, = 0.005). Aggregate EF trended better for the ESA group. Term controls scored better than placebo on all measures. ESA and term controls scored similarly on cognitive and EF tests.

Conclusions:
ESA recipients had better outcomes than placebo recipients, and were similar to term children. ESAs may improve long-term cognition and executive function in preterm infants.
Fresh Frozen Plasma Administration in the NICU: Evidence-based Guidelines
Authors: Motta Mario , Guaragni Brunetta 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
The use of FFP in neonatology should be primarily for neonates with active bleeding and associated coagulopathy. However, since there is limited and poor-quality evidence supporting neo-natal FFP transfusion, considerable FFP usage continues to be outside of this recommendation, as documented by neonatal transfusion audits. This review updates the scientific evidence available on FFP use in neonatology and reports the best evidence-practice for the safety of neonates receiving FFP.
Binary Stripe Unwrapping Based on Mean-speed Walk and Local Median
Correction for Rapid High-resolution Structured-light Range Imaging
Authors: Je Changsoo , Park Hyung-Min 
Published: December 2022

Aim:
Structured light is frequently selected for efficient and accurate depth imaging, and single-frame-based methods have been presented for real-time sensing or imaging dynamic objects. However, many existing single-frame-based methods do not provide sufficient range resolution. Even those capable of sufficient range resolution mostly result in insufficient signal-to-noise ratio or depend on spatially windowed uniqueness, where a larger window makes the identification trickier.

Method:
This paper presents a novel method for rapid structured-light range sensing using a binary color stripe pattern. For accurate and reliable depth acquisition, we identify projected stripes by our stripe segmentation and unwrapping algorithms. For robust stripe detection, the color-stripe segmentation algorithm performs image upsizing, motion blurring, and color balancing. The binary stripe unwrapping algorithm consists of mean-speed walk unrolling, row-wise unrolling, and local median correction, and resolves the high-frequency color-stripe redundancy efficiently and reliably.

objective:
We provide a novel method for rapid structured-light range sensing using a binary color stripe pattern.

Result:
Experimental results show the effectiveness and reliability of the presented method.

Conclusion:
Even using an entry-level phone camera under a low-cost DLP projector produces high-accuracy results.
Green infrastructure as a stormwater management tool
Authors: Zaykova Elena Yu. , Feofanova Sofiia S. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Global warming has intensified slow moving rainfalls. Climate change mitigation and adaptation policies are implemented around the world through stormwater management in urban areas. Rational stormwater management could affect the reduction in the “heat island” effect and “cool” the cities.
Materials and methods. The authors analyzed the functions of green spaces in a city, demonstrated the feasibility of introducing elements of green infrastructure, and emphasized the potential benefits of simulating the processes that demonstrate such solutions in our cities.
Results. The authors recommend the following three principal types of structures that can be widely used in urban areas. They are a biological drainage ditch, a biological filtration slope and a rain garden, each employing the bioremediation technology, or the metabolic potential of biological objects, such as higher plants and microorganisms. The purpose of such a “green” approach is to maintain the natural hydrological balance in a territory and ensure the degradation of pollutions by taking advantage of soil and plant properties. Also, when the territory is landscaped, the authors propose to use several options of storm water systems that complement each other and are mounted together from polymer materials to ensure a better stormwater throughput capacity.
Conclusions. The research, conducted by the authors, has proven that proper urban planning, engineering and landscape analysis of an area, coupled with a scrupulous selection of local plants, ensure the operation of biological drainage systems even in cold climates, similar to Russia.