bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS‐CoV‐2 infection alters the gut microbiome in diabetes patients: A cross‐sectional study from Bangladesh
Authors: Mannan Adnan , Hoque M. Nazmul , Noyon Sajjad Hossain , Mehedi H. M. Hamidullah , Foysal Md Javed , Salauddin Asma , Islam S. M. Rafiqul , Sharmen Farjana , Tanni Afroza Akter , Siddiki AMAM Zonaed , Tay Alfred , Siddique Md Moradul , Rahman M. Shaminur , Galib Syed Md. , Akter Farhana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPopulations of different South Asian nations including Bangladesh reportedly have a high risk of developing diabetes in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the differences in the gut microbiome of COVID‐19‐positive participants with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with healthy control subjects. Microbiome data of 30 participants with T2DM were compared with 22 age‐, sex‐, and body mass index (BMI)‐matched individuals. Clinical features were recorded while fecal samples were collected aseptically from the participants. Amplicon‐based (16S rRNA) metagenome analyses were employed to explore the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and its correlation with genomic and functional features in COVID‐19 patients with or without T2DM. Comparing the detected bacterial genera across the sample groups, 98 unique genera were identified, of which 9 genera had unique association with COVID‐19 T2DM patients. Among different bacterial groups, Shigella (25%), Bacteroides (23.45%), and Megamonas (15.90%) had higher mean relative abundances in COVID‐19 patients with T2DM. An elevated gut microbiota dysbiosis in T2DM patients with COVID‐19 was observed while some metabolic functional changes correlated with bidirectional microbiome dysbiosis between diabetes and non‐diabetes humans gut were also found. These results further highlight the possible association of COVID‐19 infection that might be linked with alteration of gut microbiome among T2DM patients.
Comparison of common human respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children aged ≤ 6 years in Hainan Island, China, during spring and early summer in 2019–2021
Authors: Mai Wenhui , Ren Yi , Tian Xiuying , Al‐Mahdi Abdullah Y. , Peng Ruoyan , An Jing , Lin Qiuyu , Hu Xiaoyuan , Wang Gaoyu , Sun Changjia , Lu Zhe , Du Jiang , Xiao Meifang , Yin Feifei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic and related public health intervention measures have been reported to have resulted in the reduction of infections caused by influenza viruses and other common respiratory viruses. However, the influence may be varied in areas that have different ecological, economic, and social conditions. This study investigated the changing epidemiology of 8 common respiratory pathogens, including Influenza A (IFVA), Influenza B (IFVB), Respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), rhinovirus (RV), Human metapneumovirus Adenovirus, Human bocavirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, among hospitalized children during spring and early summer in 2019–2021 in two hospitals in Hainan Island, China, in the COVID‐19 pandemic era. The results revealed a significant reduction in the prevalence of IFVA and IFVB in 2020 and 2021 than in 2019, whereas the prevalence of HRSV increased, and it became the dominant viral pathogen in 2021. RV was one of the leading pathogens in the 3 year period, where no significant difference was observed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed close relationships among the circulating respiratory viruses. Large scale studies are needed to study the changing epidemiology of seasonal respiratory viruses to inform responses to future respiratory virus pandemics.
Future changes of dry‐wet climate regions and its contributing climatic factors in China based on CMIP6 models
Authors: Kou Yu , Tong Siqin , Mei Li , Bao Yuhai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnderstanding future dry and wet changes under global climate change is of great regional significance in China. Based on six Global Climate Models (GCM) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6), we project the changes of dry‐wet climate regions in China in the 21st century under the three SSP‐RCP (shared socioeconomic pathway‐representative concentration pathway) scenarios (SSP1‐2.6, SSP2‐4.5 and SSP5‐8.5), and further identify the key climatic factors that lead to the transition of dry‐wet climate regions. The results show the area of humid and subhumid regions in China will show an upward trend in the future, while the area of semiarid and arid regions will show a downward trend. Especially under the SSP5‐8.5 scenario, the area of the subhumid region has the largest increase trend (0.042% per year), and the area of the arid region has the largest decline trend (−0.048% per year). The three main transfer directions of dry‐wet climate regions are from arid to semiarid regions, from semiarid to subhumid regions, and from subhumid to humid regions in the future. Due to the future extensive wetting trend in the north, the future dry‐wet climate regions will shift to wetter types in Tibet, North China, the Qinling‐Huaihe regions and the northeast. In addition, the key climatic factors for the transition of dry‐wet climate regions are mainly precipitation, maximum temperature and solar radiation. The increase of precipitation plays a dominant role for areas projected to change to wetter types, and the increase of potential evapotranspiration (PET) plays a dominant role for areas projected to change to drier types. The PET changes in changed areas of dry‐wet climate regions are mainly dominated by maximum temperature and solar radiation. Our research has important implications for future water resource management and reconsideration of climate mitigation and adaptation policies.
Monitoring Substantia Nigra Degeneration Using Free Water Imaging across Prodromal and Clinical Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Zhou Gaiyan , Ren Jingru , Rong Danyan , Zhou Hao , Ning Houxu , Wang Hui , Pan Chenxi , Wang Yajie , Zhang Ronggui , Guo Zhiying , Huang Peiyu , Liu Weiguo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSubstantia nigra (SN) free water has been suggested as a good surrogate marker in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its usefulness for diagnosing prodromal PD (pPD) and monitoring disease progression warrants further validation.ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate SN free water values across prodromal and clinical stages of PD.MethodsFour groups were enrolled in this study: 48 healthy controls (HC), 43 pPD patients, 50 de novo PD (dnPD) patients, and 49 medicated PD (mPD) patients. Based on diffusion tensor images, free water maps were calculated, and SN free water values were extracted from the anterior SN (ASN) and posterior SN (PSN). The SN free water values were compared among the four groups, and associations between free water and clinical symptoms were explored. The distinguishing power of PSN free water was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Follow‐up was performed for 14 pPD patients.ResultsPSN free water in the pPD group was significantly higher than that in the HC group and significantly lower than that in the dnPD group. Surprisingly, the mPD group showed decreased PSN free water compared to the dnPD group. There was a positive correlation between motor symptoms and PSN free water in the pPD and dnPD groups. Longitudinal analysis showed a significant increase in PSN free water in pPD patients over time.ConclusionsThe PSN free water increased from prodromal to early clinical stages, but the trend might be reversed in late disease stages. This biphasic trend should be considered when applying this marker in future studies. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Strong mind, strong body: The promise of mind–body interventions to address growing mental health needs among youth
Authors: Grasser Lana Ruvolo , Marusak Hilary 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs the prevalence of childhood and adolescent anxiety, depression, and other mental health concerns continues to rise, there has been an unprecedented increase in support of mind–body practices like yoga, dance, meditation, mindfulness, aerobic exercise, and more—in part driven by the mental health burden imposed by the COVID‐19 pandemic. While a growing body of evidence supports the safety and effectiveness of mind–body approaches, gaps in funding for and empirical research on mechanistic underpinnings, methodology development to assess multicomponent therapeutic practices, dissemination and implementation, and diversity in researchers, practitioners, and recipients remain. As a consequence, the neurobiological impacts of mind–body techniques are not well understood nor broadly accepted as standard forms of care by clinicians and insurers—often being considered as “alternative” rather than “complementary” or “integrative.” In this commentary, we summarize work from our labs and others highlighting the promise of mind–body approaches for improving mental health in youth, in line with the National Institute of Mental Health's strategic plan to address health disparities. We offer a potential framework for implementation and research—the Expressive Therapies Continuum. We also propose solutions to key research and policy gaps, that by could have positive public health impacts for those who are struggling and to prevent emergence of psychiatric illness, especially in developing youth.
Efficacy of modified team‐based learning in a flipped classroom for an acute‐care nursing course: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Murata Hiroaki , Asakawa Shoko , Kawamura Takao , Yamauchi Hideki , Takahashi Osamu , Henker Richard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo test a modified team‐based learning approach on undergraduate learning outcomes in an acute‐care nursing course in Japan.DesignMixed‐methods.MethodsStudents worked on three simulated cases, engaged in pre‐class preparation, completed a quiz and engaged in group work. We collected data on team approach, critical‐thinking disposition and time spent in self‐learning at four time‐points: before the intervention and after each simulated case. Data were analysed using a linear mixed model, a Kruskal–Wallis test and a content analysis.Data sourcesWe recruited nursing students attending a mandatory course in acute‐care nursing at University A. Data were collected at four time‐points between April and July 2018. Data from 73 of 93 respondents were analysed.ResultsTeam approach, critical thinking and self‐learning all increased significantly across the time‐points. Four categories emerged from students' comments: ‘achievement of teamwork’, ‘sense of learning efficacy’, ‘satisfaction with course approach’ and ‘issues related to course approach’. The modified team‐based learning approach led to improvements in team approach and critical‐thinking disposition across the course.ConclusionIncorporating team‐based learning into the curriculum not only contributes to team building but is also effective as a teaching method to improve student learning.Implications for the profession and/or patient careThe intervention led to improvements in team approach and critical‐thinking disposition across the course. The educational intervention also led to more time for self‐learning. Future studies should include participants from various universities and evaluate the outcomes over a longer period.
Management, Referral Patterns, and Outcomes in Bell's Palsy: A Single‐Institution 903 Patient Series
Authors: Liu Sara W. , Wright Darrell T. , Abramczyk Emily , Hadford Stephen P. , Genther Dane J. , Byrne Patrick J. , Fritz Michael A. , Ciolek Peter J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn 2013, the American Academy of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery (AAO‐HNS) published guidelines for Bell's palsy (BP), including recommendations for workup, management, and specialist referral. Patients with BP often present to primary care; however, adherence to guidelines may vary by setting. This study sought to evaluate the management of patients with BP presenting to primary care, emergency department (ED), and urgent care settings.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary care center.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients identified by diagnosis code for BP.ResultsA total of 903 patients were included; 687 (76.1%) presented to ED, 87 (9.6%) to internal medicine, 77 (8.5%) to family medicine, and 52 (5.8%) to urgent care. On presentation, 804 (89.0%) patients were prescribed corticosteroids and 592 (65.6%) antiviral therapy. Steroid therapy ranged from 1 dose to greater than a 14‐day course, with 177 (19.6%) receiving an adequate duration of 10 days or greater. Referrals were provided to facial plastics and/or otolaryngology for 51 patients (5.6%). For all comers, 283 (31.3%) had complete resolution, 197 (21.8%) had an incomplete resolution, 62 (6.9%) had persistent palsy, and 361 (40.0%) lost to follow‐up. In assessing the association between clinic setting and management, appropriate corticosteroid therapy (p < .01), imaging (p < .01), and eye care (p < .01) were statistically significant.ConclusionAdherence to guidelines for BP management varies amongst providers. In our study cohort, 15.5% of patients received medical therapy in accordance with AAO‐HNS guidelines, and only 5.6% were referred to facial plastics. To facilitate more appropriate care, tertiary care institutions may benefit from system‐wide care pathways to manage acute BP.
Lethal and sublethal effects of broflanilide on four tephritid pests (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Li Xin‐lian , Wu Jiao , Cai Xin‐yan , Li Dou‐dou , Cheng Dai‐feng , Lu Yong‐yue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFruit flies are internationally important quarantine or invasive pests of many fruits and vegetables and can cause serious economic losses. Long‐term reliance on insecticides for controlling these pests has led to increasing resistance to multiple insecticides; hence, a new agent is needed. In this study, the acute toxicity and sublethal effects of the novel insecticide broflanilide on four adult fruit fly species, Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Bactrocera tau, and Bactrocera correcta, were evaluated.RESULTSBroflanilide was effective against B. dorsalis and B. correcta, with lethal concentration values (amount required to kill 50% of animals; LC50) of 0.390 and 1.716 mg/L. However, for B. cucurbitae (19.673 mg/L) and B. tau (24.373 mg/L), the LC50 was 50–60 times higher than that of B. dorsalis. The survival rates of B. correcta and B. cucurbitae were significantly lower under LC50 treatment than those of the control (corrected for mortality rate). Sublethal concentrations of broflanilide stimulated fecundity in all species except B. tau. The hatching rate at LC50 was significantly lower for B. correcta and B. tau compared with the control and even more so for B. correcta, which was zero.CONCLUSIONBroflanilide is potentially an effective insecticide for controlling B. dorsalis and B. correcta. However, the variation in toxicity of broflanilide to the four fruit flies suggests that species variation needs to be carefully considered. Our results highlight the importance of clarifying the sublethal effects of insecticides on target insects to ensure the comprehensive evaluation and rational use of insecticides. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Rapid on‐site detection of persistent organic pollutants using multiwalled carbon nanotube–modified paper spray ionization and a miniature mass spectrometer
Authors: Guo Xiangyu , Li Junfang , Bai Hua , Ma Qiang 
Published: March 2023

RationaleRapid on‐site detection of persistent organic pollutants (POP) is highly desirable for environmental protection.MethodsHerein, a rapid on‐site analytical workflow was developed for the investigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and perfluorinated compounds using multiwalled carbon nanotube–modified paper spray ionization (PSI) coupled with a miniature ion trap mass spectrometer. Critical parameters regarding PSI and miniature mass spectrometry analysis were optimized.ResultsThe analytical performance of the developed method was evaluated under optimized conditions, obtaining a short analysis duration of less than 1 min, sufficient linearity with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99, acceptable recovery rates of 93.1%–105.8% with relative standard deviations of between 3.5% and 10.3%, and reasonable sensitivity with limits of detection and quantitation of 2–200 and 5–500 μg/L, respectively.ConclusionsConsidering these aspects, it was concluded that the present approach demonstrated a promising solution for rapid on‐site detection of emerging POPs.
“It hurts to do work like that”: The nature and frequency of culturally based ethical barriers for Indigenous people in STEMM
Authors: Castagno Angelina E. , Camplain Ricky , Ingram Jani C. , Blackhorse Davona 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article presents data from a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, medicine) fields to answer the questions: What are the perceived ethical/cultural/spiritual conflicts Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM face? Is there an association between the cultural characteristics of Indigenous students and professionals and the ethical, cultural, and spiritual conflicts they face? Our findings indicate that many standard practices in STEMM fields do indeed conflict with taboos in various Indigenous communities and that these conflicts are more prevalent for people with higher cultural characteristics scores and for those in specific STEMM disciplines. Our research provides an empirical complement to the rich and growing body of literature on Indigenous science, epistemologies, and traditional ecological knowledge.
Exploration of Biological Properties and Antibacterial Action against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus of (LLKK)3‐Derived Peptides
Authors: Zheng Peng , Li Rongyu , Li Fangkai , Wang Ruonan , Qian Senhe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn an attempt to develop new antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with better biological properties, three AMPs of (LLKK)3 analogues were designed and synthesized. The antibacterial activity, cell toxicity and pepsin stability of the three AMPs were determined, and the antibacterial action of the candidate AMP was analyzed. The results showed that the G(LLKK)3L AMP had the stronger antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) compared to the other AMPs. The hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity of the G(LLKK)3L and G(LLKK)3 AMPs were lower than those of (LLKK)3 and (LLKK)3L AMPs, and the pepsin resistance activity of the G(LLKK)3L AMP was higher than that of the other AMPs. Under the treatment of G(LLKK)3L AMP, the cell morphology of the E. coli and S. aureus was irregular and wrinkled, their cell membrane was damaged, and the synthesis of their cell wall peptidoglycan was inhibited. Additionally, the G(LLKK)3L AMP resulted in a decrease of protein expression and inhibition of DNA synthesis. In summary, the G(LLKK)3L AMP exhibited better biological properties, and it can be used as a therapeutic agent against E. coli and S. aureus.
Hsa_circ_0003528 promotes cell malignant transformation and immune escape via increasing oncogene PDL1 through sponging miR‐511‐3p in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Guihua , Deng Liyong , Gong Kuiyu , Zhou Peng , Peng Luogen , Li Chang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important regulatory roles in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). At present, we aimed to explore the regulatory role of has_circ_0003528 (circ_0003528) in NSCLC.MethodsAlterations of circ_0003528 expression in NSCLC samples and cell lines were detected by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Impacts of circ_0003528 on NSCLC cell malignant transformation were analyzed by 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT), 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, transwell invasion, and tube formation assays. Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related markers were detected with western blotting. Pro‐inflammatory cytokines were detected by Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The regulation mechanism of circ_0003528 was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA pull‐down assays. The tumorigenesis role of circ_0003528 was verified by animal experiments.ResultsHigher levels of circ_0003528 were obtained in NSCLC samples and cell lines, and patients with high circ_0003528 expression had a worse prognosis. Silence of circ_0003528 decreased xenograft growth in mouse models and induced cell apoptosis and repressed cell viability, proliferation, invasion, EMT, angiogenesis, and immune escape in NSCLC cells in vitro. Mechanistically, circ_0003528 controlled programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1) expression through interaction with miR‐511‐3p. The inhibiting impacts of circ_0003528 knockdown on NSCLC cell malignant transformation and immune escape were weakened after miR‐511‐3p silencing. Moreover, PDL1 overexpression partially counteracted miR‐511‐3p upregulation‐mediated suppression on NSCLC cell malignant transformation and immune escape.ConclusionsCirc_0003528 facilitated NSCLC cell malignant transformation and immune escape through regulation of the miR‐511‐3p/PDL1 axis, highlighting the oncogenic role of circ_0003528 in NSCLC.
Synergetic effects of pyrrhotite and biochar on simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate in autotrophic denitrification system
Authors: Zhang Hao , Sun Min , Tian Jing , Zhu Xiaoqing , Cheng Yunan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the trend of upgrading wastewater treatment plants, developing advanced treatment technologies for more efficient nutrient removal is crucial. This study prepared a pyrrhotite‐biochar composite (FexSy@BC) to investigate its potential for simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate under autotrophic denitrification conditions. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the novel composite of FexSy@BC, which exhibited 9.2 mg N/(L·d) NO3−‐N reduction rate, 97.3% N2 production, and 81.8 mmol N/(kg·d) NO3−‐N material load with small solid/liquid ratio (0.008). The NO3−‐N removal with FexSy@BC was 1.2–2.2 times higher than that with pure iron sulfides or biochar or their mixtures, whereas the Δn(S)/Δn(N) of FexSy@BC was the lowest (1.80). Moreover, the PO43−‐P reduction rate of FexSy@BC reached 3.23 mg P/(L·d), as high as that of pure pyrite or pyrrhotite. Thiobacillus was the most dominant denitrifying bacterium. FexSy@BC exhibited great promise for enhancing nutrient removal from secondary effluent without additional carbon source.Practitioner Points

FexSy@BC enhanced nitrate and phosphate removal simultaneously.
First‐order kinetics and Monod model were fitted for denitrification with FexSy@BC.
FexSy@BC had smaller molar ratio of sulfate release to nitrate removal.
Thiobacillus was the dominant bacterium in FexSy@BC autotrophic denitrification.
Synergistic effects on nutrients removal existed between biochar and pyrrhotite.