bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutation Analysis of TMB‐High Colorectal Cancer: Insights Into Molecular Pathways and Clinical Implications
Authors: Chikaishi Yuko , Matsuoka Hiroshi , Sugihara Eiji , Takeda Mayu , Sumitomo Makoto , Yamada Seiji , Inaguma Gaku , Omura Yusuke , Cheong Yeongcheol , Kobayashi Yosuke , Nakauchi Masaya , Hiro Junichiro , Masumori Koji , Otsuka Koki , Nishihara Hiroshi , Suda Koichi , Saya Hideyuki , Takimoto Tetsuya 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTColorectal cancer (CRC) is well characterized in terms of genetic mutations and the mechanisms by which they contribute to carcinogenesis. Mutations in APC, TP53, and KRAS are common in CRC, indicating key roles for these genes in tumor development and progression. However, for certain tumors with low frequencies of these mutations that are defined by tumor location and molecular phenotypes, a carcinogenic mechanism dependent on BRAF mutations has been proposed. We here analyzed targeted sequence data linked to clinical information for CRC, focusing on tumors with a high tumor mutation burden (TMB) in order to identify the characteristics of associated mutations, their relations to clinical features, and the mechanisms of carcinogenesis in tumors lacking the major driver oncogenes. Analysis of overall mutation frequencies confirmed that APC, TP53, and KRAS mutations were the most prevalent in our cohort. Compared with other tumors, TMB‐high tumors were more frequent on the right side of the colon, had lower KRAS and higher BRAF mutation frequencies as well as a higher microsatellite instability (MSI) score, and showed a greater contribution of a mutational signature associated with MSI. Ranking of variant allele frequencies to identify genes that play a role early in carcinogenesis suggested that mutations in genes related to the DNA damage response (such as ATM and POLE) and to MSI (such as MSH2 and MSH6) may precede BRAF mutations associated with activation of the serrated pathway in TMB‐high tumors. Our results thus indicate that TMB‐high tumors suggest that mutations of genes related to mismatch repair and the DNA damage response may contribute to activation of the serrated pathway in CRC.
Epistemological dimensions of Indigenous honey collection in the Kattunaicken community of South India
Authors: Sebastian Antony Jacob 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIndigenous ecological knowledge (IEK) has proven effective in environmental governance, forest management, and sustainable development, yet it is threatened by globalization and rapid social–ecological changes. In southern India, I investigated the engagement of the Kattunaicken community with the forest, particularly through honey collection, to explore the connection between their Indigenous epistemological identity and their role in caring for the forest and its inhabitants. I conducted 48 interviews and accompanied 11 forest walks as part of walking ethnography with male community members, who are primarily involved in honey collection within the Wayanad district of Kerala. The Kattunaicken identity was intrinsically linked to their knowledge of the forest, with reciprocal epistemological interactions between the community and forest entities (trees, animals, and bees). Honey collection emerged as an epistemological endeavor, manifesting their Indigenous identity through the collective “knowing” of the forest that encompassed sensorial, ethical, and metaphysical dimensions that facilitated harmonious coexistence and care for the forest and its inhabitants. The Kattunaicken world of knowing challenges extractivist interpretations of nontimber forest product collection, emphasizing the importance of Indigenous epistemologies in shaping alternative knowledge construction for forest conservation. Their epistemological framework highlights care as an active process emerging from collective understanding and negotiation among all entities within their shared epistemic realm, fostering a harmonious coexistence that transcends conservation efforts.
Subgroup analysis by sex and baseline BMI in people with a BMI ≥27 kg/m2 in the phase 2 trial of survodutide, a glucagon/GLP‐1 receptor dual agonist
Authors: le Roux Carel W. , Steen Oren , Lucas Kathryn J. , Startseva Elena , Unseld Anna , Hussain Samina Ajaz , Hennige Anita M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo explore the effects of sex and baseline body mass index (BMI) on the efficacy and safety of survodutide in people with a BMI ≥27 kg/m2.Materials and MethodsTotally 387 people (aged 18–75 years, BMI ≥27 kg/m2, without diabetes) were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to once‐weekly subcutaneous survodutide (0.6, 2.4, 3.6 or 4.8 mg) or placebo for 46 weeks (20‐week dose escalation; 26‐week dose maintenance). Participants were categorized according to sex and baseline BMI. Data were analysed descriptively for the full analysis set (FAS), according to dose assigned at randomization (planned treatment) using on‐treatment data or all data censored for COVID‐19‐related treatment discontinuations. (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT04667377).ResultsAfter 46 weeks of survodutide treatment, females had greater reductions in bodyweight and waist circumference than males. Participants with a lower baseline BMI had greater proportional reductions in bodyweight than those with a higher baseline BMI; the trend was reversed for reductions in waist circumference. Rates of adverse events (AEs) were comparable between subgroups for sex and baseline BMI. Nausea was the most frequently reported gastrointestinal AE in all subgroups.ConclusionsIn people with a BMI ≥27 kg/m2, survodutide was associated with clinically meaningful reductions in bodyweight and waist circumference when compared with placebo, in prespecified subgroups based on sex and baseline BMI, and was tolerated at all doses tested.
Left Atrial Mechanics and Atrioventricular Coupling in Hypertension With Supra‐Normal Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Authors: Liu Chong , Xu Wen‐Jun , Tian Jia‐Wei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesSupra‐normal left ventricular ejection fraction (snLVEF) represents a heterogeneous group with distinct prognoses. Left atrial (LA) strain, measured by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), is a validated prognostic indicator. This study aimed to evaluate LA and left ventricular (LV) mechanical strains in hypertensive patients with snLVEF.MethodsThis retrospective study included 101 patients (mean age 59.7 ± 8.4 years; 61.4% men) with primary arterial hypertension and preserved LVEF (≥50%). Patients were categorized into low‐normal LVEF (lnLVEF; 50%–59%), mid‐normal LVEF (mnLVEF; 60%–69%), and snLVEF (≥70%). LV global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and LA strains during reservoir (LASr), conduit (LAScd), and contraction (LASct) phases were measured using STE.ResultsRelative wall thickness was significantly higher in snLVEF patients compared to mnLVEF (p < 0.01), with no difference in LVGLS (p = 0.933). Compared to mnLVEF, snLVEF patients had reduced LASr and LAScd (both p < 0.01) but preserved LASct (p = 0.057). In contrast, lnLVEF patients showed greater reductions in all phasic LA strains (all p < 0.01). Loess regression revealed an inverted U‐shaped relationship between LASr and LVEF, peaking at LVEF 65%–70%. The mitral E/e′mean ratio and LVGLS correlated moderately to strongly with LASr (r = −0.39 and r = −0.65, respectively; both p < 0.001).ConclusionHypertensive patients with snLVEF exhibit impaired LA reservoir and conduit functions while maintaining pump function, suggesting snLVEF may be an intermediate stage between mnLVEF and lnLVEF as hypertension progresses. Further studies are needed to explore the prognostic potential of LA strain in this population.
Epilepsy and employment: A qualitative interview study with heads of human resources and occupational physicians in Austria — A call for legislative optimization according to the WHO Intersectoral Global Action Plan
Authors: Leitinger Markus , Klampfer Claudia , Obermeyr Leonie , Orav Kateriine , Damavandi Payam Tabaee , Alexa Michael , Thomschewski Aljoscha , Höfler Julia , Rossini Fabio , Kuchukhidze Giorgi , Kalss Gudrun , Mauritz Matthias , Poppert Kai‐Nicolas , Toma Andreea , Crespo‐Pimentel Bernardo , Bosque‐Varela Pilar , Kobulashvili Teia , Schwimmbeck Fabian , Trinka Eugen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivePeople with epilepsy (PWEs) often face difficulties in obtaining or keeping employment. To determine the views on this topic of the heads of human resources (HHRs) and occupational physicians (OCPs).MethodTwelve HHRs and five OCPs underwent a telephone interview concerning the opportunities and limitations of job applications for PWEs. The interviews were performed in May 2020, in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and they were analyzed using the qualitative method of content analysis (Kuckartz). The legal situation was investigated according to Global target 5.2 of the Intersectoral Global Action Plan (IGAP) on epilepsy and other neurological disorders 2022–2031 by WHO.ResultsEmployers were confident that employees with epilepsy could be managed well in a positive company culture and with first responders in place. The Austrian law predisposes to uncertainty among both employers and employees. In particular, it allows only retrospective juridical clarification of health‐related questions in the job interview. The authors developed a classification system of workplaces, with “D0” (D‐zero) meaning no health or financial danger, for example, office workers and “D1” posing still no health hazard but includes regular work with cash, for example, salespersons. “D2” means potential medical implications for the person with epilepsy or any other person at the workplace, for example, industrial worker. Measures taken to abandon the risk in D2 workplaces, for example, a total sheath for a machine, leads to reclassification as “D2‐0.” With D2, OCPs evaluate the applicant's medical fitness for the job without disclosing medical details to the employer. The “compartment model of medical information in the job application process” guarantees that OCPs are the only persons who learn about the applicant's medical details.SignificanceThe practical and simple classification of workplaces according to the D‐system, and the concept of making medical information accessible only to OCPs may diminish stigma and discrimination in the working world for PWEs.
Effect of experimentally induced endotoxaemia and meloxicam administration on the haemostatic system in donkeys
Authors: Perez‐Ecija Alejandro , Buzon‐Cuevas Antonio , Cara Carlos Gonzalez‐De , Aguilera‐Aguilera Raul , de las Heras Adelaida , Mendoza Francisco J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundEndotoxaemia is a common condition in equids, frequently accompanied by alterations in haemostasis. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, such as meloxicam, have been proven to alleviate some signs of endotoxaemia in donkeys. Neither the haemostatic response to induced endotoxaemia nor the effect of meloxicam in this regard have been described in donkeys.Objectives(a) To characterise the haemostatic changes in response to induced endotoxaemia in healthy donkeys, and (b) to assess the effect of meloxicam in these animals.Study designIn vivo experiments.MethodsEndotoxaemia was induced by LPS (20 ng/kg) infusion in six healthy adult Andalusian donkeys. All animals randomly received either an IV bolus of saline solution (untreated group) or meloxicam (0.6 mg/kg) after LPS infusion (PLI), with a 1‐month washout period between trials. Samples were collected at −30, 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 360 min PLI for clotting times, antithrombin III, anti‐Xa activities, platelet and fibrinogen concentrations; and at −30, 90, 180 and 360 min PLI for viscoelastography (Sonoclot).ResultsLPS caused prothrombotic‐specific viscoelastographic changes (short activated clot time and elongated clot rate formation) and lower antithrombin III activities compared with reference range for this species. Prolonged prothrombin times were also seen at late timepoints in the experiment. Meloxicam administration resulted in no significant differences between groups.Main limitationsShort sampling duration, only Andalusian donkeys.ConclusionsAcute endotoxaemia induced hypercoagulability and initial signs of a consumptive coagulopathy in donkeys. Despite a more prolonged increase in anti‐Xa activity, meloxicam did not ameliorate most of these haemostatic changes.
AI Safety for Physical Infrastructures: A Collaborative and Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Farahmand Fariborz , Neu Richard W. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWhere AI systems are increasingly and rapidly impacting engineering, science, and our daily lives, progress in AI safety for physical infrastructures is lagging. Most of the research and educational programs on AI safety do not consider that, in today's connected world, safety and security in physical infrastructures are increasingly entangled. This technical note sheds light, for the first time, on how computer science and engineering communities, for example, mechanical and civil, can collaborate on addressing AI safety issues in the physical infrastructures and the mutual benefits of this collaboration. We offer examples of how probabilistic views of engineers on safety can contribute to quantifying critical parameters such as “threshold” and “safety buffer” in the AI safety models, developed by the world‐leading computer scientists. We also offer examples of how novel AI and machine learning tools, for example, do‐operator, a mathematical operator for intervention (vs. conditioning); do‐calculus, machinery of causal calculus; and physics‐informed neural networks with a small number of samples can help fatigue and fracture research. We envision AI safety as a process, not an object, and contribute to realizing this vision by initiating a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach in establishing this process.
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Evolution of Sediment Porewater in the Huixian Wetland, Southwest China
Authors: Li Jing , Pan Xiaodong , Chen Huanxiong , Huang Congming , Cheng Ruirui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWetlands, as crucial terrestrial carbon reservoirs, have recently suffered severe degradation due to intense human activities. Lacustrine sediments serve as vital indicators for understanding wetland environmental changes. In the current paper, porewater samples were extracted from lacustrine sediment in three boreholes with a depth of ~75 cm in the Huixian karst wetland, southwest China, to study the chemical and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) evolution under anthropogenic influence. Two boreholes are situated beneath the Mudong Lake, while the other one is in the degraded wetland area. The results show that porewater in the central region of Mudong Lake is natural HCO3–Ca type water and recharged by karst groundwater as evidenced by depleted 2H ‐18O isotopes. Methanogenesis prevails in this area, suggested by positive δ13C values ranging from 4.29‰ to 7.05‰. However, shallow porewater at the western edge of Mudong Lake and porewater in the degraded wetland exhibit significantly higher concentrations of NO3− and SO42−, resulting from the agricultural input and recharged groundwater influenced by oxidation of pyrite. These processes lead to a decrease in methane production and generate DIC through degradation of organic fertilizer and carbonate weathering by sulfuric acid, thereby significantly altering porewater δ13C values. Two types of DIC mixing processes were observed based on the increasing δ13C values with depth, which can be attributed to the unique karst groundwater subsystems. This work highlights the potential impact of human‐induced porewater chemical variations on the fate of DIC, particularly in karst wetland environments.
Extracellular vesicles of Candida albicans show dual effects on Enterococcus faecalis growth and virulence: A laboratory‐based investigation
Authors: Yang Sirui , Li Na , Wu Haoze , Zhang Mai , Wang Luoqianhui , Xiao Min , Cheng Xiaogang , Yu Qing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimPrevious studies have shown the important relationships between Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in post‐treatment endodontic disease (PTED). However, the fungal–bacterial interactions and their possible functional routes are less understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from C. albicans on E. faecalis growth and pathogenicity.MethodologyCandida albicans EVs were isolated from a yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium, and their morphology, size distribution, and protein concentration were observed and identified. The effects of EVs on planktonic E. faecalis were evaluated using growth curves and colony‐forming unit counts, whereas the effects on E. faecalis biofilms were determined using scanning electron and confocal laser scanning microscopes. The ability of E. faecalis to resist a detrimental environment, infect dentinal tubules, and biofilm formation on gutta percha was examined. Additionally, the effect of EVs on cell invasion and cytotoxicity of E. faecalis were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance, and p‐values of <.05 were considered significantly different.ResultsCandida albicans EVs were nanoparticles with bilayer membranes and with peak sizes of 111.9 and 230 nm. EVs exhibited a complex effect on E. faecalis and its biofilms; 5 μg/mL of EVs showed inhibitory effects whereas 0.156 μg/mL of EVs facilitated their growth. The EVs showed consistent effects on E. faecalis virulence. Notably, 5 μg/mL of EVs reduced the damage to RAW264.7 cells caused by E. faecalis, as well as the invasion ability of E. faecalis to macrophages and the intracellular survival ability of E. faecalis after macrophage phagocytosis, whereas 0.156 μg/mL of EVs had completely opposite effects.ConclusionCandida albicans EVs showed dual effects on E. faecalis growth and virulence in vitro, suggesting C. albicans EVs are involved in fungal–bacterial communication. Moreover, the inhibitory effects exhibited by 5 μg/mL of EVs in vitro may suggest a new agent for the control of E. faecalis.
Facebook Second‐Hand Marketplace Browsing Influence on Impulse Buying: A Mixed‐Methods Study
Authors: Husnain Mudassir , Zhang Qingyu , Salo Jari , Shahzad Muhammad Faisal , Hayat Khizar , Akhtar Muhammad Waheed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGrowing evidence underscores the influence of several interactive factors on impulse buying in social commerce. However, the potential impact of situational and cognitive factors, such as immersion, serendipity, perceived scarcity, and deal proneness, is rarely studied within the emerging context of the Facebook second‐hand marketplace. Hence, this study explores the effect of Facebook second‐hand marketplace browsing on impulse buying with the incorporation of immersive experience. Additionally, following latent state–trait theory, the boundary role of serendipity, perceived scarcity, and deal proneness in influencing impulse buying is examined. Employing a mixed‐methods design, 684 respondents from the Facebook second‐hand marketplace communities were surveyed and structural equation modeling was applied for data analysis. Interviews with 23 consumers were conducted and analyzed using NVivo 8.0, and it was found that user immersive experience mediates the relationship between browsing and impulse buying. Results confirm the proposed interactive effects of serendipity, perceived scarcity, and deal proneness on impulse buying. This pioneering study enriches the social commerce literature by uncovering new areas and situational factors that influence impulse purchases of second‐hand goods and highlights the paradox that consumers' efforts to buy sustainably can be undermined by excessive impulsive behaviors. Practical insights are provided for promoting second‐hand consumption in social commerce.
Do Suppliers Care About Analyst Forecasts When Extending Trade Credit? A Quasi‐Natural Experiment
Authors: Xiong Jiacai , Ouyang Caiyue , Ge Wenxia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe examine whether suppliers care about analyst forecasts for their customers when making trade credit decisions. Using the suspension of the 2018 New Fortune Star Analyst Contest in China as an exogenous shock and employing difference‐in‐differences analyses, we find that after the suspension of this contest, there is a significant improvement in the information environment of firms followed mainly by analysts signing up for the 2018 contest, as evidenced by more accurate analyst earnings forecasts and lower bid‐ask spreads, and that suppliers extend more trade credit to these firms. Further analyses reveal that the effect of the suspension of this contest on trade credit is more pronounced for firms with higher information asymmetry, for firms whose future earnings are more challenging to forecast, for firms whose suppliers have higher information acquisition costs, and for firms followed by more competent analysts. These findings support the view that the star analyst contest distracts analysts and shed light on the benefits of suspending this contest.
Production of Sustainable Food Ingredients From Watermelon Wastes Using Drum‐Drying
Authors: Gorgulu Ahmet , Gorgulu Yasin Furkan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWatermelon is among the most widely cultivated fruits globally, yet it suffers a high waste rate of 45% due to its short shelf life. In 2023, global watermelon production reached 99.7 million tons, with China and Türkiye contributing 60.1 million and 3.5 million tons, respectively. This study explores the potential of processing discarded watermelons into long‐lasting food ingredients to mitigate waste and enhance sustainability. Two test samples were developed: one combining watermelon pulp with flour, and another incorporating both watermelon pulp and rind with flour. The research also highlights the underutilized potential of watermelon rind as a valuable food ingredient. Experiments using a drum dryer produced ingredients with a moisture content of 3.40–3.77 g/100 g and water activity of 0.361–0.37, ensuring an extended shelf life. The new ingredients, rich in sugars and dietary fiber, offer a sustainable, natural alternative for industrial applications and can be produced 15.8%–19.1% cheaper than the value of their components. Redirecting 45% of global watermelon waste into food ingredients could potentially offset 2.7 million tons of CO2e emissions globally and 94,500 tons of CO2e in Türkiye annually. This study not only provides a sustainable solution to watermelon waste but also emphasizes efficient agricultural land use, reduced carbon emissions, minimized water consumption, and higher‐quality product development. By transforming a frequently discarded by‐product into valuable food ingredients, this research supports global sustainability efforts and promotes innovative approaches to reducing food waste.