bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurring Suboptimal Choices Result in Superior Decision Making
Authors: Mondal Supratik , Lenda Dominik , Traczyk Jakub 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

A vast body of research has indicated that individuals with higher statistical numeracy, in comparison to individuals with lower statistical numeracy, make superior decisions by employing more deliberative processes leading to selecting options with the highest expected value (EV). However, it is not feasible to deliberate every time we make a choice due to cognitive and environmental constraints. In one simulation study and three well-powered, fully-incentivized empirical studies using the decision-from-experience task, we identified conditions where recurring suboptimal choices were more rewarding than a normatively superior strategy. That is, even if individual choices in isolation are considered suboptimal in light of the EV maximization principle, individuals with higher numeracy can adapt their decision strategy in accordance with changes in the task structure, and make faster suboptimal (or random in terms of EV maximization) decisions that result in overall superior performance (e.g., earning more money). We found that individuals who maximized EV without time constraints accumulated higher total gain. However, the trend reversed in the following two studies. Participants who made more suboptimal choices, under time constraints, earned more money than those who spent more time maximizing EV. Importantly, we found that more numerate individuals made significant adjustments to their meta-cognitive decision processes and made more quick suboptimal choices resulting in better overall earnings than less numerate individuals. Finally, our results also indicate that more numerate individuals are better at identifying the changes in the task structure and are more rational in their use of cognitive and environmental resources.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and its association with VDR gene variants Cdx2 (rs11568820) and ApaI (rs7975232): Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and In silico analysis
Authors: Gupta Komal , Thakur Richa , Sharma Priya , Kamra Pooja , Khetarpal Preeti 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial and polygenic disorder of women in the reproductive-age group. Among various reasons, Vitamin D level and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism have been investigated as one of the predisposing causes. The study aims to investigate the association between VDR polymorphism and PCOS susceptibility.
Methodology: Online databases (PubMed, Central Cochrane Library, Science Direct and Google Scholar) were searched up to 30th March, 2022. With suitable syntax. Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and Chi-square (χ2) tests were applied under different genetic models to find the association between Cdx2 G>A (rs11568820) and VDR ApaI C>A(rs7975232) polymorphisms with PCOS risk. All the statistical calculations were performed using Review Manager 5.3 software (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). To understand molecular effect of variants in the untranslated region, in silico analysis was performed using Regulome DB, FATHMM-MKL and Haploreg v4.1 web tools.
Results: Total fifteen case-control studies were identified with 2114 PCOS patients and 1552 control subjects.
VDR variant Cdx2 (rs11568820) was found to be significantantly associated (OR= 0.40, 95% CI= 0.22-0.72, p= 0.002) after the odd one out analysis of one major study. VDR variant ApaI is significantly associated with PCOS under all four genetic models: Dominant Model (AA + AC vs CC): OR= 0.75, 95%CI= 0.62-0.91,p= 0.003; Recessive model (AA vs. AA+AC): OR= 0.78, 95%CI= 0.63-0.98, p= 0.03; Additive model(AAvsAA+CC):OR=0.70,95%CI=0.57-0.87,p=0.001 and Allele model (A vs C): OR= 0.83, 95%CI= 0.74-0.91, p=0.0002 indicating ‘A’ allele as risk factor. Subgroup analysis revealed significant association among Asian population. However, In silico analysis of the intronic variants have yielded contradictory results.
Conclusion: The study revealed VDR Cdx2 and ApaI polymorphism as a significant risk factor for PCOS.
Potent anthelmintic activity of a colloidal nano-silver formulation (Silversol®) against the model worm Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Gajera Gemini , Godse Chhaya , DeSouza Anselm , Mehta Dilip , Kothari Vijay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
In the background of a very small number of effective anthelmintics available today with a narrow activity spectrum, and a rise in resistance against them among parasitic helminths, there is an urgent need for discovery of novel broad-spectrum anthelmintics displaying no or minimal toxicity towards the host. Silver being used since centuries for therapeutic purposes and considered safe for human consumption, we investigated anthelmintic activity of a colloidal nanosilver formulation Silversol®. Anthelmintic efficacy of the test formulation was assayed employing the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model worm through a live-dead count.
Results
Silversol® exerted anthelmintic action superior to one of the positive controls (Benzimidazole), and almost at par to another positive control (Ivermectin). At concentrations ≥2 ppm, it could kill all the worms present in the experimental well. Lower concentrations of silver were found to have a cuticle-damaging action on worms. Further investigation is warranted to assess whether Silversol® can exert similar potent activity against different species of parasitic helminths, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of action.
Joint PAPR and Non-linear Distortion Mitigation in OQAM-FBMC based Visible Light Communication System
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Singh Preeti 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Light emitting diode (LED) non-linearities bounds the output of visible light communication (VLC) system. In this work, non-linear distortion mitigation in VLC system is presented. Distortion due to LED’s front-end components and high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) effects are discussed. Both pre-distortion and post-distortion techniques are analyzed for the minimization of non-linear distortion of intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD) based channel. The modulation technique used is offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM) - filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC). A joint PAPR reduction and non-linear distortion mitigation technique for VLC is proposed. The proposed technique consists of hybrid processing algorithm partial transmit sequence (H-PTS) technique for PAPR reduction and kernel minimum symbol error rate (KMSER) based post-distortion method for reduction of non-linear distortion. The results have shown that proposed technique shows 2 dB improvement in PAPR and 4 dB improvement in non-linear distortion of VLC system.
Optimized model architectures for deep learning on genomic data
Authors: Münch Philipp , Gündüz Hüseyin Anil , Mreches René , Moosbauer Julia , Robertson Gary , To Xiao-Yin , Franzosa Eric , Huttenhower Curtis , Rezaei Mina , McHardy Alice , Bischl Bernd , Binder Martin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

In computational biology, there is a lack of agreement on the optimal design of deep learning architectures, such as types and number of layers, often resulting in non-optimal design choices. We introduce GenomeNet-Architect, an architectural design framework that researchers can use to optimize deep learning models for genome sequence data. Relative to the best-performing baseline, GenomeNet-Architect reduces the read-level misclassification by 19%, with 32% faster inference and 83% fewer parameters.
Seasonality of Cholera in Kolkata and the Influence of Climate
Authors: Shackleton Debbie , Economou Theo , Memon Fayyaz , Chen Albert , Dutta Shanta , Kanungo Suman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Cholera in Kolkata remains endemic and the Indian city is burdened with a high number of annual cases. Climate change is widely considered to exacerbate cholera, however the precise relationship between climate and cholera is highly heterogeneous in space and considerable variation can be observed even within the Indian subcontinent. To date, relatively few studies have been conducted regarding the influence of climate on cholera in Kolkata.
Methods
We considered 21 years of confirmed cholera cases from the Infectious Disease Hospital in Kolkata during the period of 1999–2019. We used Generalised Additive Modelling to extract the non-linear relationship between cholera and different climatic factors; temperature, rainfall and sea surface temperature (SST). Further, we have used cross-correlation lag analysis to identify the peak associated lag times, and negative binomial regression to quantify the influence of seasonal timing on the magnitude of seasonal cholera cases.
Results
Our findings revealed a dual-peak seasonality in Kolkata cholera cases with a separate summer and monsoon peak. Temperature was the only significant factor associated with summer cholera (mean temperature of 30.3°C associated with RR of 3.8) while rainfall was found to be the main driver of monsoon cholera (550mm total monthly rainfall associated with RR of 3.38). Both variables demonstrated considerable non-linear relationships. Variations in SST appear not to have any significant effect on the occurrence of cholera cases in either season. We found an optimal lag association between temperature and summer cholera of 7 weeks, compared with a much shorter lag of 3 weeks between rainfall and monsoon cholera. Early summers were significantly associated with the magnitude of summer cholera however early monsoons were not associated with monsoon cholera magnitude.
Conclusions
Kolkata exhibits a dual-peak phenomenon with independent mediating factors. We suggest that the summer peak is due to increased bacterial concentration in urban water bodies, while the monsoon peak is driven by contaminated flood waters. Our findings suggest that inventions designed to reduce cholera transmission should be tailored to the appropriate season.
Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach with Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Sets for The Structure on Transactional Distance
Authors: KANDEMİR Bülent , Çakmak Ebru Kılıç 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The Transactional Distance Theory is a global theory that defines the items that should be found in distance education environments. Structure, which is one of the items of this theory, refers to the degree of flexibility that defines the ability of a course or program to meet individual student needs. In today's distance education approach, the subjective ideas of the designers are effective in the planning of the structural dimension. However, the question of how each item of the structure size affects the online environment and each other has still not been answered. In addition, the difficulties experienced in planning the structural dimension (structuring of online teaching) raise the question of how much each infrastructure item affects online teaching. This study arose from the need to understand how items of a critical dimension, such as structure, in distance education should be constructed objectively. With this study, the weight vector carried by each item related to the structural dimension in distance education was calculated. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, one of the multi-criteria decision-making approaches, was used in the calculation. The linguistic scale used in this method was effective in the preference of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process. The linguistic scale enabled decision-makers to make correct binary decisions free from uncertainty and prejudices. At the end of the study, the weight vectors of 77 sub-items were calculated under 5 main items related to structure in online learning.
Identification of compound heterozygous deletions in the WWOX gene caused WOREE syndrome by whole exome sequencing
Authors: Dong xing-sheng , Wen Xiao-jun , Zhang Sheng , Wang De-gang , Xiong Yi , Li Zhi-ming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
WWOXbiallelic and loss-of-function pathogenic variants cause WWOX-related epileptic encephalopathy (WOREE syndrome), which has been reported in 60 patients to date. In this study, we report on a WOREE syndrome patient who presented with early-onset refractory seizures and global neurodevelopmental delay and died at the age of two and a half years.
Methods
We present clinical and molecular findings in the patient, including biallelic pathogenic variants in the WWOX gene. We employed different molecular approaches, such as whole exon sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and whole-genome sequencing, to identify the genetic defects. The breakpoints were determined through gap PCR and Sanger sequencing.
Result
Whole exon sequencing revealed homozygous exon 6 deletions in the WWOX gene in the proband. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that the deletions were inherited from each parent. However, using whole-genome sequencing, we identified three larger deletions (intron 5, exon 6, and exon 6-8) involving the WWOX gene in the proband, with deletion sizes of 13,261, 53,904, and 177,200 bp. The exact breakpoints were confirmed through gap PCR and Sanger sequencing. We found that the proband inherited the discontinuous deletion of intron 5 and exon 6 from the father, and the exons 6-8 deletion from the mother using gap PCR.
Conclusion
Our findings extend the variant spectrum of WOREE syndrome and support the critical role of the WWOX gene in neural development.
An artificial intelligence’s interpretation of complex high-resolution in situ transmission electron microscopy data
Authors: Wang Xingzhi , Yan Chang , Ondry Justin , Ercius Peter , Alivisatos A. Paul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has enabled researchers to visualize complicated nano- and atomic-scale processes with sub-Angstrom spatial resolution and millisecond time resolution. These processes are often highly dynamical and can be time-consuming to analyze and interpret. Here, we report how variational autoencoders (VAEs), a deep learning algorithm, can provide an artificial intelligence’s interpretation of high-resolution in situ TEM data by condensing and deconvoluting complicated atomic-scale dynamics into a latent space with reduced dimensionality. In this work, we designed a VAEs model with high latent dimensions capable of deconvoluting information from complex high-resolution TEM data. We demonstrate how VAEs with high latent dimensions trained on atomically resolved TEM images of lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystals is able to capture movements and perturbations of periodic lattices in both simulated and real in situ TEM data. The VAEs model shows capability of detecting and deconvoluting dynamical nanoscale physical processes, such as the rotation of crystal lattices and intraparticle ripening during the annealing of semiconductor nanocrystals. With the help of the VAEs model, we can identify an in situ observation that can serve as a direct experimental evidence of the existence of intraparticle ripening, a process so far has not been recorded under atomically-resolved in situ TEM for colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals. The VAEs model provides a potent tool for facilitating the analysis and interpretation of complex in situ TEM data as a part of an autonomous experimental workflow. It also shows potential to identify unexpected phenomena during the data analysis.
Preparation and evaluation of Orange Fruit Reference Extract based on the principles of Q-markers-A general procedure for establishing Herbal Reference Extracts used for identification
Authors: Zhao WANG , Xiao-yan WANG , Long-gang GUO , Xiao-wen HU , Hong-yu JIN , MA Shuang-cheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Herbal Reference Extracts (HREs) have been used for the overall quality control (QC) of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) and used as an effective strategy for solving the shortage of reference standards in quality evaluation of TCMs in recently years. But the preparation and evaluation of it has rarely been reported. The ideal HREs should be a combination of Chemical Reference (CR) and Efficacy Reference (ER). However, it is not realistic to achieve "completely extracted" of TCMs at the present stage. Quality markers (Q-markers) provides a series of effective and scientific strategies for QC of TCMs. And Q-markers-based HREs should be a meaningful attempt to promote the standardization of quality evaluation system for TCMs.
Purpose
Preparation adequate HREs based on the principles of Q-markers, and used for quality evaluation of relevant preparation products. Then propose the general procedure for establishing HREs used for identification.
Methods
The authenticity, specificity, consistency and stability (ASCS) were the four essential principles of HREs. In this study, we chose Aurantii Fructus as an example, Firstly, selected 7 Q-markers of it which has the properties of specificity, effectiveness and testability based on the combination of analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method (AHP-EWM). Secondly, preparated its reference extract which is called Orange Fruit Reference Extract (OFRE) based on ASCS and its Q-markers. Thirdly, established the QC method of OFRE according to its usage requirements. And finally, demonstrated its application of the thin layer chromatography (TLC) identification and characteristic chromatogram identification in the Orange fruit formula granule (or called Zhiqiao Peifangkeli, ZQPK).
Results
Compared with the Herbal Reference Substance (HRS) which with characteristic appearance or morphological structure, OFRE can be used for TLC identification of ZQPK conveniently, without complicated extraction or purification steps. And in the analysis of characteristic chromatogram of ZQPK, the OFRE can provid a rather simple profile, the main naringin, neohesperidin, nobiletin and tangeretin were clearly separated, which indicated that the OFRE could be used to identify the characteristic chromatogram of ZQPK and reduce the use of Chemical Reference Substance (CRS). And finally, we propose the general procedure for establishing HREs used for identification.
Conclusion
In summary, Q-markers-based HREs is feasibility, and should have a broader application prospect. And this research concept can serve as a reference for study on preparation, evaluation and application of HREs used for identification.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Toxicological Impacts of Microplastics in the Environment.
Authors: Mittal Nishu , Tiwari Neeraj , Singh Dhananjay , Tripathi Prabhanshu , Sharma Sapna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Plastic has been known as an artificial polymer whereas environmental microplastics become a global concern. Microplastics are reported to cause immunotoxicity in human through gut deposition and entering the bloodstream. This study is a comprehensive indication of the recent research on microplastics toxicity in the gastrointestinal system. We performed bibliographic analysis using VOS viewer software, and analyzed the data received on microplastics and their impact on gut health which has grown exponentially since 2016. Recent findings also support the microplastic toxicity in combination with heavy metals. The smaller particle size and other factors enhanced the adsorption ability of environmental contamination such as heavy metals on microplastic which increased their bioaccumulation. Such toxic complexes of heavy metals and microplastic are a concern to natural ecosystems, so recent findings of environmental biologists are more focused on it. Few reports also demonstrated, the biofilm formation on microplastic surfaces which might cause greater environmental as well as human health risks. Notably, terms of determining the microplastics in human tissues through several analytical techniques are still limited to some extent. Future research should be focused on the quantification of microplastics in human tissues, the combined effect of microplastics with other contaminants, and their effects on the pre-existing diseases. This study boosts understanding of the potential impacts of microplastic and nano-plastic toxicity in the human gastrointestinal system.
Discovery of crucial cytokines associated with deep vein thrombus formation by protein array analysis
Authors: Xu Fang , Gao Yangyang , Cheng Zhijie , Zeng Wenjie , Yuan Zelong , Chi Junyu , Qu Ming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to discover promising biomarkers or targeted therapies to increase the detection accuracy for early-stage DVT or reduce the incidence of deep vein thrombosis related complications. Novel serum-based biomarkers for DVT/NDVT were screened by Quantibody Array 440. Proteins differentially expressed in DVT were analyzed using bioinformatics methods and subjected to customized array validation. We used receiver operating characteristics to calculate diagnostic accuracy and machine learning methods to establish a biomarker panel for target evaluation. Twenty-three targets were selected for validation using a customized array, and 12 biomarkers were consistent with previous results. AUC of these factors as followed that FGF-6 (0.956), Galectin-3 ( 0.942), EDA-A2 ( 0.933), CHI3L1 (0.911), IL-1 F9 (0.898), Dkk-4 (0.88), IG-H3 (0.876), IGFBP (0.858), Gas-1 (0.858), Layilin (0.849), ULBP-2 (0.813), and FGF-9 (0.773) could be promising biomarkers for DVT/NDVT or therapeutic targets. EDA-A2, FGF-6, Dkk-4, IL-1 F9, Galentin-3, Layilin, Big-h3, CHI3L1, ULBP-2, Gas-1, IGFBP-5 and FGF-9 are promising diagnostic or therapeutic targets for DVT to increase the rate of accuracy and reduce the rate of complications.
Status and occurrence of the non-indigenous dwarf surf clam Mulinia lateralis (Say, 1822) in the central Wadden Sea (southern North Sea) – a systematic survey
Authors: Gismann Lynn , Wenke Lennart-Kilian , Uhlir Carolin , Arbizu Pedro Martínez , Wehrmann Achim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The species Mulinia lateralis (Say, 1822) is native in the western North Atlantic Ocean and was first documented in European coastal waters in 2017. Since then, M. lateralis was reported several times in large abundances in the coastal waters of the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany. While the introduction vector is still unclear we assume that further dispersal in the southern North Sea will be driven by larval drift related to anti-clockwise residual tidal currents. To report its current distribution status in the central Wadden Sea, individuals were collected systematically from intertidal flats along 10 transects ranging from the outer Ems River estuary to the outer Elbe River estuary (German North Sea coast) between February and May 2022. In total, 897 specimens of M. lateralis were sampled from 392 stations (mean abundance 2.29 ± 4.97 ind./m²). The shell length ranged between 3.98 and 23.55 mm thus representing at minimum two cohorts. Regarding the increasing number of records of M. lateralis at multiple sites in Europe since 2017, the species can be considered as established in the western and central Wadden Sea.