bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and synthesis of (Z)‐3′‐hydroxy clomiphene as a new potential doping‐relevant metabolite of clomiphene
Authors: Euler Luisa , Mürdter Thomas , Heinkele Georg , Schwab Matthias , Miller Geoffrey D. , Eichner Daniel , Thomas Andreas , Thevis Mario 
Published: July 2023

A recent study addressed the possibility of unintentional ingestion of clomiphene through residues in chicken eggs. The method developed here helped distinguish between microdose intake of (E/Z)‐clomiphene citrate and consumption of clomiphene‐containing eggs by the urinary pattern of four mono‐hydroxylated clomiphene metabolites. However, reanalyses of doping‐control samples, which showed an adverse analytical finding for clomiphene, revealed a hydroxy clomiphene (HC) isomer that was not found after microdose intake or after consumption of clomiphene‐containing eggs and could not be assigned to any of the available reference compounds. The aim of the present follow‐up study was to identify this HC isomer and to characterize this metabolite with respect to its potential properties as long‐term metabolite in doping controls.Methods(E/Z)‐3′‐HC and (E/Z)‐4′‐HC were synthesized involving the McMurry reaction. An ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method was developed and optimized after a derivatization step with dansyl chloride to separate eight HC isomers. Using this method, urine samples from a controlled clomiphene administration study were analyzed, in which male study participants received therapeutic doses of clomiphene for 30 days and collected urine samples for up to 8 months. Thus, isomer‐specific HC elimination profiles could be monitored.ResultsThe metabolite previously found in doping‐control samples was identified as (Z)‐3′‐HC. The elimination profiles of the different HCs confirmed previous results, with (Z)‐3‐HC being the most abundant urinary hydroxy metabolite shortly after administration. A new finding was that the data suggest that (Z)‐3′‐HC is excreted at higher relative concentrations only several weeks after drug intake.ConclusionThese findings might be of particular importance in sport drug testing as they can assist in the decision‐making process to distinguish between intentional doping and inadvertent exposure to clomiphene via food contamination.
Look angle tracking based three‐dimensional impact time control guidance law with field‐of‐view constraint
Authors: Wang Jianan , Ding Xiangjun , Wang Chunyan , Xia Kewei , Xin Ming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article proposes a three‐dimensional impact time control guidance (ITCG) law without using time‐to‐go estimation, where the constrained field‐of‐view (FOV) is also considered. The guidance law design process is divided into two steps. First, the direction of the guidance command is selected to steer the look angle efficiently. Then, the desired look angle is constructed for controlling the impact time, and the guidance command magnitude is designed to track the desired look angle precisely in a prescribed time. By analyzing the look angle dynamics, the control gain is properly selected to guarantee satisfaction of the FOV constraint during the engagement. In addition, the feasible region of the desired impact time is derived. The effectiveness of the designed guidance law is validated by a series of numerical simulations.
Catalyzed and Non‐catalyzed Synthetic Approaches to Obtain Isocyanate‐free Polyurethanes
Authors: Chelike Dinesh Kumar , Gurusamy Thangavelu Senthil A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBy reactions of both catalyzed and non‐catalyzed pathway, we attempt to show that the synthetic route of non‐isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPU) is developed quite recently. The advancement of sustainable, bio‐renewable, impermeable and moisture‐insensitive NIPU has started to contribute its role in academia and industry. In case of NIPU formulation, polycondensation of dicarbonate with diamine precursors as well as waste‐free polyaddition of multifunctional cyclic carbonates with diamines via ring‐opening polymerization. Obviously, since the hydroxyl groups (both primary and secondary hydroxyl group) arisen in NIPU is employed to reveal fairly different attributes compared to trivial polyurethanes (PU). The advantage of NIPU comprises of the role of carbon dioxide and renewable feedstock, while various cyclic carbonates obtained to react with diamine substrates to incorporate desired physicochemical and mechanical properties. Indeed, NIPU are noted to be non‐toxic, biodegradable and exhibit remarkable properties. In this review, we account the imperative strategies employed in developing essential sustainable NIPU have been discussed in detail.
Macromolecules Promoting Robust Zinc Anode by Synergistic Coordination Effect and Charge Redistribution
Authors: Yang Jinzhang , Yin Bosi , Zhang Siwen , Sun Ying , Li Jiazhuo , Su Dawei , Ma Tianyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractZn dendrite formation is the main obstacle to commercializing aqueous zinc–ion batteries (ZIBs). α‐cyclodextrin (α‐CD) is proposed as an environmentally friendly macromolecule additive in the ZnSO4‐based electrolyte to obtain stable and reversible Zn anodes. The results show that α‐CD molecules’ unique 3D structure can effectively regulate the mass transfer of the electrolyte components and isolate the Zn anode from H2O molecules. The α‐CD provides abundant electrons to the Zn (002) crystallographic plane, which induces charge density redistribution. Such an effect relieves the reduction and aggregation of Zn2+ cations while protecting the Zn metal anode from water molecules. Finally, a small amount of α‐CD additive (0.01 M) can enhance the performance of Zn significantly in Zn||Cu cells (1980 cycles with 99.45% average CE) and Zn||Zn cells (8000 h ultra‐long cycle life). The excellent practical applicability was further verified in Zn||MnO2 cells.
Stand der Untersuchungen zu Werkstoffanforderungen hochfester Stähle S700 bis S960 – FOSTA‐Forschungsverbund HOCHFEST
Authors: Feldmann Markus , Meissner Mirco , Bartsch Helen , Münstermann Sebastian , Fehlemann Niklas , Könemann Markus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHochfeste Baustähle ermöglichen schlanke und materialsparende, damit auch besonders nachhaltige Konstruktionen. In dem zukünftig anzuwendenden Eurocode 3‐1‐1 der zweiten Generation wird die Bemessung von Stahlbauten mit Stahlsorten bereits bis S700 geregelt sein. Gleichwohl hat das zuständige Normungsgremium CEN/TC250/SC3 ihre Working Group 12 beauftragt, schon jetzt Regeln für die Stahlbaubemessung mit Stahlsorten des Bereichs S700 bis S960 auszuarbeiten. Die in diesem Zusammenhang stehenden Werkstoffanforderungen sind ganz zu Beginn der Arbeiten zu klären. So stellt sich die Frage, ob die Anforderungen, wie sie bisher an Stähle bis S700 formuliert wurden, nicht nur hinsichtlich der Größe der Mindest‐ oder Grenzwerte weiter Bestand haben können, sondern auch, ob die jeweilige Art der Anforderungen noch angemessen sein würde. In diesem Aufsatz wird über den Stand der Untersuchungen des hierzu im Rahmen des HOCHFEST‐Forschungsverbunds eingerichteten Forschungsprojekts berichtet. Er diskutiert die derzeitigen Werkstoffanforderungen hinsichtlich einer Übertragung auf Stähle bis S960, gibt einen Überblick über die Forschungsmethoden und zeigt mögliche Alternativen auf. Das Forschungsprojekt P1509 ist noch nicht abgeschlossen und weitere Ergebnisse sind noch zu erwarten. Tendenzen zeichnen sich jedoch bereits jetzt ab.
A review of plant epigenetics through the lens of almond
Authors: Fresnedo‐Ramírez Jonathan , Anderson Elizabeth S. , D'Amico‐Willman Katherine , Gradziel Thomas M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile genomes were originally seen as static entities that stably held and organized genetic information, recent advances in sequencing have uncovered the dynamic nature of the genome. New conceptualizations of the genome include complex relationships between the environment and gene expression that must be maintained, regulated, and sometimes even transmitted over generations. The discovery of epigenetic mechanisms has allowed researchers to understand how traits like phenology, plasticity, and fitness can be altered without changing the underlying deoxyribonucleic acid sequence. While many discoveries were first made in animal systems, plants provide a particularly complex set of epigenetic mechanisms due to unique aspects of their biology and interactions with human selective breeding and cultivation. In the plant kingdom, annual plants have received the most attention; however, perennial plants endure and respond to their environment and human management in distinct ways. Perennials include crops such as almond, for which epigenetic effects have long been linked to phenomena and even considered relevant for breeding. Recent discoveries have elucidated epigenetic phenomena that influence traits such as dormancy and self‐compatibility, as well as disorders like noninfectious bud failure, which are known to be triggered by the environment and influenced by inherent aspects of the plant. Thus, epigenetics represents fertile ground to further understand almond biology and production and optimize its breeding. Here, we provide our current understanding of epigenetic regulation in plants and use almond as an example of how advances in epigenetics research can be used to understand biological fitness and agricultural performance in crop plants.
Sustainable production of bio‐fuel derived from vegetable waste via pyrolysis technique
Authors: Mukilarasan Nedunchezhiyan , Gopal Kaliyaperumal , De Poures Melvin Victor , Sivanantham Arunachalam , Poyyamozhi Nadesan , Venkatesh Rathinavelu , Naveen Subbaiyan , Vaishnavi Mahadevan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe impact of growth in the overall population is imposed on the continuous degradation process for environmental wastes like agricultural, industrial, food products, farming waste, etc. The improper degradation may lead to pollution and toxicity for ecological living. Based on waste management concepts, environmental wastes are reduced, reused, and recycled against environmental pollution. Most environmental wastes are recycled and used as biofuel for various energy sectors like alternative fuels. Globally, vegetable loss or wastage increased by more than 35% due to the level of retailers and consumers. The present study attempts to produce a low‐cost, reliable, environmentally emission‐free biofuel using waste vegetable resources via pyrolysis reactor arrangements. The synthesized bio‐fuel energy implemented for compression ignition engine and its performance was evaluated by single cylinder four stroke diesel engine and found higher brake power and thermal efficiency of 6.89 kW and 50.29%. Finally, the emission characteristics are assessed by an exhaust gas emission tester. CO and HC emissions showed minimum amounts like 0.021% and 47 ppm.
The flow in the induction and entrance regions of lab‐scale wind farms
Authors: Vinnes Magnus K. , Worth Nicholas A. , Segalini Antonio , Hearst R. Jason 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the increasing demand for wind energy, it is important to be able to understand and predict the available wind resources. To that end, the present wind tunnel study addresses the flow in the induction and entrance region of wind farms through particle image velocimetry, with focus on differences between actuator disks and two‐bladed rotating wind turbine models. Both staggered and aligned farm layouts are examined for three different incoming wind directions. For each layout, 69 disks or turbines are used, and the field of view ranges from 12 rotor diameters upstream of the farms to 8 diameters downstream of the first row. The results show that the induction, or blockage effect, is higher for the disks, even though the thrust (or drag) coefficient is the same. In contrast, the wake is stronger downstream of the turbines. The orientation and layout of the farm do not have a major impact on the results. Modal decomposition of the flow shows that the flow structure similarity between the disk and turbines improves downstream of the second row of wake generating objects, indicating that the substitution of wind turbines by actuator disks is more appropriate for wind farms than for the investigation of single wakes.
Mathematical modelling of heat and solutal rate with cross‐diffusion effect on the flow of nanofluid past a curved surface under the impact of thermal radiation and heat source: Sensitivity analysis
Authors: Thumma Thirupathi , Panda Subhajit , Mishra S. R. , Ontela Surender 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study analyses the effect of Brownian motion and thermophoresis on the flow of nanofluid along an impermeable curved surface. The Darcy‐Forchheimer drag vis‐à‐vis the radiating heat and the heat source enriches the flow phenomena. This drag force has several applications such as in (i) biomedical engineering for the flow of blood through curved arteries and veins, (ii) civil engineering for the flow of water through porous materials such as soil or rock, etc. The convective heat and solutal transport properties embedded in boundary conditions develop the heat transport phenomena. The dimensional governing equations are transformed into non‐dimensional form by using suitable substitution of transformed variables and stream function. Further, numerical practice is adopted to handle the set of nonlinear differential equations. The simulation of the optimized heat and solutal transfer rate for various factors is carried out using the ‘central composite design’ (CCD) associated with the ‘response surface methodology’ (RSM). The regression analysis and residual error are computed through the statistical approach of analysis of variance and finally, the sensitivity analysis is proposed for the various factors. However, the enhanced properties and flow behaviour for the diversified values of the physical parameters are presented and described briefly via the corroboration of the present methodology with the published work in particular cases. The notable outcomes are the axial velocity profile enriches for the increasing curvature constraints and the regression analysis is presented for the optimizing heat transfer rate using response surface methodology.
Introduction: Reading Lists, Listing Clues
Authors: Link Sarah J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe chapter introduces the form of the list as a tool for meaning-making and emphasizes the central role that different conceptions of knowledge play in creating and decoding lists. It argues that enumerative structures offer themselves as an entry point to examine how readers make sense of texts because those structures put on display the gaps and blanks that have to be filled in the reading process. It proposes to combine insights from (cognitive) narratology, new formalism, and reception theory to examine how lists work within the genre of detective fiction. The introduction provides a review of list-related publications and proposes a working definition of the central term “list” that is based on a prototype model.
Defining Detective Fiction
Authors: Link Sarah J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis chapter identifies common features of detective fiction and provides an overview of the history of the genre in order to explain the strong conceptual link between lists and detective fiction. The chapter explains how the idea of lists as an ordering principle is rooted in the genre’s history, and it illustrates the clearly marked reader positions that develop across various subgenres. Particular attention is paid to the Newgate Calendar, to the central role that Edgar Allan Poe and French detective fiction played in establishing the genre in Great Britain, to the genre’s close relation to sensation fiction, and to the role of the police. The chapter also discusses the influence of Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes stories and the importance of genre rules established during the Golden Age of detective fiction. It concludes with the numerous rule catalogs produced by writers in the Golden Age period that highlights the genre’s affinity to enumerative forms.
Inferring Clusters of Orthologous and Paralogous Transcripts
Authors: Ouedraogo Wend Yam Donald Davy , Ouangraoua Aida 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe alternative processing of eukaryote genes allows producing multiple distinct transcripts from a single gene, thereby contributing to the transcriptome diversity. Recent studies suggest that more than 90% of human genes are concerned, and the transcripts resulting from alternative processing are highly conserved between orthologous genes.In this paper, we first present a model to define orthology and paralogy relationships at the transcriptome level, then we present an algorithm to infer clusters of orthologous and paralogous transcripts. Gene-level homology relationships are used to define different types of homology relationships between transcripts and a Reciprocal Best Hits approach is used to infer clusters of isoorthologous and recent paralogous transcripts.We applied the method to transcripts of gene families from the Ensembl-Compara database. The results are agreeing with those from previous studies comparing orthologous gene transcripts. The results also provide evidence that searching for conserved transcripts beyond orthologous genes will likely yield valuable information. The results obtained on the Ensembl-Compara gene families are available at https://github.com/UdeS-CoBIUS/TranscriptOrthology. Supplementary material can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7750949.
Gene Order Phylogeny via Ancestral Genome Reconstruction Under Dollo
Authors: Xu Qiaoji , Sankoff David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present a proof of principle for a new kind of stepwise algorithm for unrooted binary gene-order phylogenies. This method incorporates a simple look-ahead inspired by Dollo’s law, while simultaneously reconstructing each ancestor (sometimes referred to as hypothetical taxonomic units “HTU”). We first present a generic version of the algorithm illustrating a necessary consequence of Dollo characters. In a concrete application we use generalized oriented gene adjacencies and maximum weight matching (MWM) to reconstruct fragments of monoploid ancestral genomes as HTUs. This is applied to three flowering plant orders while estimating phylogenies for these orders in the process. We discuss how to improve on the extensive computing times that would be necessary for this method to handle larger trees.
Chern-Simons branes with enhanced gauge invariance
Authors: Mora Pablo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
I discuss how the factorization of the invariant trace used to define Chern-Simons branes in a space-time with a Chern-Simons action for a space-time group introduces new relationships between the coupling constants of the extended objects of diverse dimensions, and an enhanced gauge invariance for a suitable choice of these coupling constants, owing to an extension of the Inflow mechanism. I also comment on the possible relevance of these models in fundamental physics.
COVID-19-Impfstatus, genutzte Informationsquellen und soziodemografische Merkmale – Ergebnisse der CoSiD-Studie
Authors: Haß Wolfgang , Orth Boris , von Rüden Ursula 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Trotz der Vorteile einer COVID-19-Schutzimpfung galten in Deutschland im Sommer 2022 noch immer zu wenige Menschen als geimpft. Dies wurde u. a. mit soziodemografischen Unterschieden erklärt. Der Artikel analysiert diesen Zusammenhang auch unter Einbeziehung der genutzten Informationsquellen zur Corona-Schutzimpfung anhand der Daten der dritten Erhebung der „Begleitforschung zur Kommunikation der Corona-Schutzimpfung in Deutschland“ (CoSiD-Studie, Nov./Dez. 2021; n = 4366 ab 16-Jährige).

Methode
Es wurden bi- und multivariate Zusammenhänge zwischen der Inanspruchnahme der Impfung beziehungsweise der Impfabsicht Ungeimpfter und soziodemografischen Merkmalen sowie genutzten Informationsquellen zur COVID-19-Schutzimpfung analysiert.

Ergebnisse
87,7 % der Befragten waren bereits mindestens einmal geimpft. Die Impfquote steigt tendenziell mit dem Alter, dem Bildungsgrad sowie dem Haushaltseinkommen und ist höher unter Personen in den alten Bundesländern und ohne Migrationshintergrund. Als Informationsquellen zur COVID-19-Schutzimpfung wurden zumeist Gespräche im Familien‑, Freundes- und Kollegenkreis (81,8 %) sowie deutsche TV- und Radiosender (77,1 %) genannt. Im multivariaten Modell finden sich unter den Befragten, die sich in TV- und Radiosendern aus dem Ausland und den sozialen Medien informierten, höhere Anteile von Menschen ohne Impfabsicht.

Diskussion
Zielgruppenspezifische Informationsangebote müssen soziale Ungleichheiten noch stärker berücksichtigen. Hierbei ist eine Herausforderung, dass die Nutzung verschiedener Informationsquellen auch mit unterschiedlichen Impfabsichten zusammenhängt. Insbesondere Menschen mit Impfabsicht und Unentschlossene lassen sich mit gut verständlichen, vertrauenswürdigen Informationsangeboten erreichen.
Multi-fidelity optimization of metal sheets concerning manufacturability in deep-drawing processes
Authors: Kaps Arne , Lehrer Tobias , Lepenies Ingolf , Wagner Marcus , Duddeck Fabian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMulti-fidelity optimization, which complements an expensive high-fidelity function with cheaper low-fidelity functions, has been successfully applied in many fields of structural optimization. In the present work, an exemplary cross-die deep-drawing optimization problem is investigated to compare different objective functions and to assess the performance of a multi-fidelity efficient global optimization technique. To that end, hierarchical kriging is combined with an infill criterion called variable-fidelity expected improvement. Findings depend significantly on the choice of objective function, highlighting the importance of careful consideration when defining an objective function. We show that one function based on the share of bad elements in a forming limit diagram is not well suited to optimize the example problem. In contrast, two other definitions of objective functions, the average sheet thickness reduction and an averaged limit violation in the forming limit diagram, confirm the potential of a multi-fidelity approach. They significantly reduce computational cost at comparable result quality or even improve result quality compared to a single-fidelity optimization.
Granular meta-material: response of a bending beam
Authors: Götz Holger , Pöschel Thorsten 
Published: July 2023

AbstractJammed granular matter can be considered a meta-material that behaves viscoelastic for small deformations. We characterize the elastic properties of the meta-material through the response of a simply supported bending beam consisting of jammed granular matter under weak load and quasistatic deformation.