bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Device assessed activity behaviours in patients with indwelling pleural catheter: A sub‐study of the Australasian Malignant PLeural Effusion (AMPLE)‐2 randomized trial
Authors: Peddle‐McIntyre Carolyn J. , Muruganandan Sanjeevan , McVeigh Joanne , Fitzgerald Deirdre B. , Straker Leon , Newton Robert U. , Murray Kevin , Lee Yun Chor Gary 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveDevice‐assessed activity behaviours are a novel measure for comparing intervention outcomes in patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Australasian Malignant PLeural Effusion (AMPLE)‐2 was a multi‐centre clinical trial where participants with MPE treated with an indwelling pleural catheter were randomized to daily (DD) or symptom‐guided (SGD) drainage for 60‐days. Our aim was to describe activity behaviour patterns in MPE patients, explore the impact of drainage regimen on activity behaviours and examine associations between activity behaviours and quality of life (QoL).MethodsFollowing randomization to DD or SGD, participants enrolled at the lead site (Perth) completed accelerometry assessment. This was repeated monthly for 5‐months. Activity behaviour outcomes were calculated as percent of daily waking‐wear time and compared between groups (Mann–Whitney U test; Median [IQR]). Correlations between activity behaviour outcomes and QoL were examined.ResultsForty‐one (91%) participants provided ≥1 valid accelerometry assessment (DDn = 20, SGD n = 21). Participants spent a large proportion of waking hours sedentary (72%–74% across timepoints), and very little time in moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (<1% across timepoints). Compared to SGD group, DD group had a more favourable sedentary‐to‐light ratio in the week following randomization (2.4 [2.0–3.4] vs. 3.2 [2.4–6.1]; p = 0.047) and at 60‐days (2.0 [1.9–2.9] vs. 2.9 [2.8–6.0]; p = 0.016). Sedentary‐to‐light ratio was correlated with multiple QoL domains at multiple timepoints.ConclusionPatients with MPE are largely sedentary. Preliminary results suggest that even modest differences in activity behaviours favouring the DD group could be meaningful for this clinical population. Accelerometry reflects QoL and is a useful outcome measure in MPE populations.
Inclusion of rare taxa from Blattidae and Anaplectidae improves phylogenetic resolution in the cockroach superfamily Blattoidea
Authors: Deng Wenbo , Luo Xinxing , Ho Simon Y. W. , Liao Shuran , Wang Zongqing , Che Yanli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCockroaches are an ecologically and economically important insect group, but some fundamental aspects of their evolutionary history remain unresolved. In particular, there are outstanding questions about some of the deeper relationships among cockroach families. As a group transferred from Blaberoidea Saussure to Blattoidea Latreille, the evolutionary history of the family Anaplectidae Walker requires re‐evaluation. In our study, we infer the phylogeny of Blattoidea based on the mitochondrial genomes of 28 outgroup taxa and 67 ingroup taxa, including 25 newly sequenced blattoid species mainly from the families Anaplectidae and Blattidae Latreille. Our results indicate that Blattoidea is the sister group of the remaining Blattodea Brunner von Wattenwyl and that Blattoidea can be divided into three main clades: Blattidae + Tryonicidae McKittrick & Mackerras, Lamproblattidae McKittrick + Anaplectidae and Termitoidae Latreille + Cryptocercidae Handlirsch. Our analyses provide robust support for previously uncertain hypotheses. The sister group of Termitoidae + Cryptocercidae (Xylophagodea Engel) is inferred to constitute the rest of Blattoidea, for the first time. Within Blattidae,HebardinaBey‐Bienko is placed as the sister lineage to the rest of Blattidae. The subfamily Archiblattinae is polyphyletic, Blattinae is paraphyletic and Polyzosteriinae is monophyletic (Macrocercinae Roth not included); the genusPeriplanetaBurmrister is polyphyletic. Based on the results of our phylogenetic analyses, we have revised these taxa. A new subfamily, Hebardininaesubfam.nov., is proposed in Blattidae. Archiblattinae andShelfordellaAdelung are synonymized with Blattinae andPeriplaneta, respectively: Archiblattinae Kirbysyn.nov.andShelfordellaAdelungsyn.nov.Our inferred divergence times indicate that Blattoidea emerged in the Late Triassic, with six families in Blattoidea diverging in the Middle and Late Jurassic. We suggest that the divergences among lineages of Asian Blattidae and Anaplectidae were driven by the uplift of the Himalayas and deglaciation during the Quaternary, leading to the present‐day distributions of these taxa.
Analytical energy eigenvalues of a Dirac particle in focusing field of a quadrupole magnet
Authors: Kisoglu H.F. 
Published: January 2023

In this study, the motion of a charged spin-1/2 fermion is found out. It is assumed, in the system, that the free fermion is subjected to a linearly space-dependent magnetic field that can be supposed to be a focusing magnetic field of a quadrupole magnet in beam dynamics in the accelerator physics. In such an examination, two-component Dirac equation is solved via perturbation approximation of the asymptotic iteration method (AIM), which has been widely used for the last decades. The results show that the fermion is bounded to the magnetic field for a certain condition of the strength of the field. For such a system, the analytical form of the energy eigenvalues are obtained. Moreover, to see whether this analytical expression works properly, the numerical eigenvalues are compared with the ones obtained by direct use of the AIM. We have an inspiration that the studies on beam dynamics and magnet design in particle accelerator physics may gain from this work.
Radial pulsations, moment of inertia and tidal deformability of dark energy stars
Authors: Pretel Juan M. Z. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe construct dark energy stars with Chaplygin-type equation of state (EoS) in the presence of anisotropic pressure within the framework of Einstein gravity. From the classification established by Iyer et al. (Class Quantum Grav 2:219, 1985), we discuss the possible existence of isotropic dark energy stars as compact objects. However, there is the possibility of constructing ultra-compact stars for sufficiently large anisotropies. We investigate the stellar stability against radial oscillations, and we also determine the moment of inertia and tidal deformability of these stars. We find that the usual static criterion for radial stability $$dM/d\rho _c >0$$

d
M
/
d

ρ
c

>
0

still holds for dark energy stars since the squared frequency of the fundamental pulsation mode vanishes at the critical central density corresponding to the maximum-mass configuration. The dependence of the tidal Love number on the anisotropy parameter $$\alpha $$
α
is also examined. We show that the surface gravitational redshift, moment of inertia and dimensionless tidal deformability undergo significant changes due to anisotropic pressure, primarily in the high-mass region. Furthermore, in light of the detection of gravitational waves GW190814, we explore the possibility of describing the secondary component of such event as a stable dark energy star in the presence of anisotropy.
A Medalha, de Marie-Thérèse Picard
Authors: Silva-Reis Dennys , Bagno Marcos 
Published: January 2023

Marie-Thérèse Picard é guianense que reside há muitos anos em Guadalupe. É professora e ama o desenvolvimento da capacidade de aprendizagem. Em 1991, fundou em Pointe-à-Pitre o Centro de estudo Polivalente, uma associação de reforço escolar. Igualmente é escultora e pintora, tendo exposto suas obras na Guiana e em Paris. Já na literatura, dedica sua escrita à dramaturgia infanto-juvenil, tendo escrito Ourson (2009), La Médaille (2011) e L’enfant (2013). Por todos esses textos já foi premiada em diversas categorias pelo Prêmio de escrita teatral contemporânea no Caribe – ETC-Caraïbe. A presente tradução ao português tem por objetivo apresentar um texto guianense infantil ao público brasileiro. O texto aparenta ser pragmático e direto pela voz de crianças. Entretanto, traz nas entrelinhas temas bastante contemporâneos: a violência, o machismo, a distinção de gênero, o determinismo familiar, o feminicídio. Tudo isso atrelado ao mundo imaginário da criança e ao contato desta com o seu tutor responsável.
“A Guiana permanece no coração do meu trabalho” – Entrevista com Catherine Le Pelletier
Authors: Rocha Vanessa Massoni da , Pelletier Catherine Le , Jesus Cássia de 
Published: January 2023

Catherine Le Pelletier é doutora em letras e professora associada pela Universidade das Antilhas. Na entrevista concedida à Vanessa Massoni da Rocha, a intelectual de origem guianense aborda – de maneira didática e generosa – temas importantes do universo literário da Guiana. Localizada na América do Sul, mais precisamente entre o Suriname e o Brasil, a Guiana é um departamento francês ultramarino desde 1946.
Heart‐Brain Team Approach of Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicating Acute Stroke: Characteristics of Guideline‐Recommended Coronary Revascularization and Antithrombotic Therapy and Cardiovascular and Bleeding Outcomes
Authors: Suzuki Toshiaki , Kataoka Yu , Shiozawa Masayuki , Morris Kensuke , Kiyoshige Eri , Nishimura Kunihiro , Murai Kota , Sawada Kenichiro , Iwai Takamasa , Matama Hideo , Honda Satoshi , Fujino Masashi , Yoneda Shuichi , Takagi Kensuke , Otsuka Fumiyuki , Asaumi Yasuhide , Koga Masatoshi , Ihara Masafumi , Toyoda Kazunori , Tsujita Kenichi , Noguchi Teruo 
Published: January 2023

Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) infrequently occurs after acute stroke. The Heart‐brain team approach has a potential to appropriately manage this poststroke cardiovascular complication. However, clinical outcomes of AMI complicating acute stroke (AMI‐CAS) with the heart‐brain team approach have not been characterized. The current study investigated cardiovascular outcomes in patients with AMI‐CAS managed by a heart‐brain team.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively analyzed 2390 patients with AMI at our institute (January 1, 2007–September 30, 2020). AMI‐CAS was defined as the occurrence of AMI within 14 days after acute stroke. Major adverse cerebral/cardiovascular events (cardiac‐cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke) and major bleeding events were compared in subjects with AMI‐CAS and those without acute stroke. AMI‐CAS was identified in 1.6% of the subjects. Most AMI‐CASs (37/39=94.9%) presented ischemic stroke. Median duration of AMI from the onset of acute stroke was 2 days. Patients with AMI‐CAS less frequently received primary percutaneous coronary intervention (43.6% versus 84.7%;
P
<0.001) and dual‐antiplatelet therapy (38.5% versus 85.7%;
P
<0.001), and 33.3% of them did not receive any antithrombotic agents (versus 1.3%;
P
<0.001). During the observational period (median, 2.4 years [interquartile range, 1.1–4.4 years]), patients with AMI‐CAS exhibited a greater likelihood of experiencing major adverse cerebral/cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [HR], 3.47 [95% CI, 1.99–6.05];
P
<0.001) and major bleeding events (HR, 3.30 [95% CI, 1.34–8.10];
P
=0.009). These relationships still existed even after adjusting for clinical characteristics and medication use (major adverse cerebral/cardiovascular event: HR, 1.87 [95% CI, 1.02–3.42];
P
=0.04; major bleeding: HR, 2.67 [95% CI, 1.03–6.93];
P
=0.04).

Conclusions
Under the heart‐brain team approach, AMI‐CAS was still a challenging disease, reflected by less adoption of primary percutaneous coronary intervention and antithrombotic therapies, with substantially elevated cardiovascular and major bleeding risks. Our findings underscore the need for a further refined approach to mitigate their ischemic/bleeding risks.
Public Health Awareness Campaigns in Otolaryngology: Are We Making an Impact?
Authors: Kang Joshua M. , Coelho Daniel H. 
Published: January 2023

Objective To determine if public awareness campaigns in Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery are influencing public interest, as measured by internet searches. Study Design Database Query. Setting Internet. Methods Six awareness campaigns were analyzed over 5 years (2016–2020). Each campaign was assigned one or more relevant Google search terms/topics. Weekly data on United States internet search queries for these topics/terms were collected from Google Trends. “Campaign” dates were defined as 1 week before and 2 weeks after any awareness “day” or “week,” and 2 weeks prior and 2 weeks after any awareness “month.” “Non-campaign” weeks were considered any data outside the “campaign” window. A Welch’s unpaired t-test was used to determine statistically significant differences between “campaign” dates and “non-campaign” dates. Results Of the awareness campaigns studied, only “Kids ENT Health Month” (search topic “adenoidectomy,” P = < .001) and “Cochlear Implant Day” (search topic “cochlear implant,” P = .004615) demonstrated a significant increase in internet search activity during the time frame of interest between 2016 and 2020. Although there were some individual years with significant increases for select search terms/topics corresponding to their campaign of interest, none of the campaigns showed increases over the 5-year period studied. Conclusion Public health advocacy and outreach has long been recognized as an important component of optimizing otolaryngologic care. However, such efforts to increase public awareness may have varying or even minimal impact. Though an imperfect tool, data from Google Trends suggests that with few exceptions, awareness campaigns in otolaryngology do not necessarily translate to increased internet searches.
Demystifying neuroblastoma malignancy through fractal dimension, entropy, and lacunarity
Authors: Donato Irene , Velpula Kiran K , Tsung Andrew J , Tuszynski Jack A , Sergi Consolato M 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Neuroblastoma is a pediatric solid tumor with a prognosis associated with histology and age of the patient, which are the parameters of the well-established current classification (Shimada classification). Despite the development of new treatment options, the prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma patients is still poor. Therefore, there is a continuous need to stratify the children suffering from this tumor. A mathematical and computational approach is proposed to enable automatic and precise cancer diagnosis on the histological slide. Methods: We targeted the complexity of neuroblastoma by calculating its image entropy ( S), fractal dimension (FD), and lacunarity (λ) in a combined mathematical code. First, we tested the proposed method for patient-derived glioma images. It allowed distinguishing between normal brain tissue, grade II, and grade III glioma, which harbor different outcomes. Results: In neuroblastoma, our analysis of image’s FD, S, and λ combined with a machine learning algorithm automatically predicted tumor malignancy with a receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.82. FD, S, and λ distinguish between neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma, but they only partially differentiate between the normal samples and the other classes. Ganglioneuroma, the most differentiated form, and poorly-differentiated neuroblastoma display different values of FD, S, and λ. Conclusions: FD, S, and λ of imaging recognize groups in neuroblastic tumors. We suggest that future studies including these features may challenge the current Shimada classification of neuroblastoma with categories of favorable and unfavorable histology. It is expected that this methodology could trigger multicenter studies and potentially find practical use in the clinical setting of children’s hospitals worldwide.
Quantitative MRI Biomarkers to Predict Risk of Reinjury Within 2 Years After Bridge-Enhanced ACL Restoration
Authors: Barnes Dominique A. , Badger Gary J. , Yen Yi-Meng , Micheli Lyle J. , Kramer Dennis E. , Fadale Paul D. , Hulstyn Michael J. , Owens Brett D. ,   The BEAR Trial Team, Flannery Sean W. , Ecklund Kirsten , Sanborn Ryan M. , Costa Meggin Q. , Chrostek Cynthia , Proffen Benedikt L. , Sant Nicholas , Murray Martha M. , Fleming Braden C. , Kiapour Ata M. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) methods were developed to establish the integrity of healing anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs) and grafts. Whether qMRI variables predict risk of reinjury is unknown. Purpose: To determine if qMRI measures at 6 to 9 months after bridge-enhanced ACL restoration (BEAR) can predict the risk of revision surgery within 2 years of the index procedure. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Originally, 124 patients underwent ACL restoration as part of the BEAR I, BEAR II, and BEAR III prospective trials and had consented to undergo an MRI of the surgical knee 6 to 9 months after surgery. Only 1 participant was lost to follow-up, and 4 did not undergo MRI, leaving a total of 119 patients for this study. qMRI techniques were used to determine the mean cross-sectional area; normalized signal intensity; and a qMRI-based predicted failure load, which was calculated using a prespecified equation based on cross-sectional area and normalized signal intensity. Patient-reported outcomes (International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score), clinical measures (hamstring strength, quadriceps strength, and side-to-side knee laxity), and functional outcomes (single-leg hop) were also measured at 6 to 9 months after surgery. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to determine the odds ratios (ORs) for revision surgery based on the qMRI and non-imaging variables. Patient age and medial posterior tibial slope values were included as covariates. Results: In total, 119 patients (97%), with a median age of 17.6 years, underwent MRI between 6 and 9 months postoperatively. Sixteen of 119 patients (13%) required revision ACL surgery. In univariate analyses, higher International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score at 6 to 9 months postoperatively (OR = 1.66 per 10-point increase; P = .035) and lower qMRI-based predicted failure load (OR = 0.66 per 100-N increase; P = .014) were associated with increased risk of revision surgery. In the multivariable model, when adjusted for age and posterior tibial slope, the qMRI-based predicted failure load was the only significant predictor of revision surgery (OR = 0.71 per 100 N; P = .044). Conclusion: Quantitative MRI-based predicted failure load of the healing ACL was a significant predictor of the risk of revision within 2 years after BEAR surgery. The current findings highlight the potential utility of early qMRI in the postoperative management of patients undergoing the BEAR procedure.
Evaluation of the Potential of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell–Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles to Improve Rotator Cuff Healing: A Pilot Ovine Study
Authors: Jenner Florien , Wagner Andrea , Gerner Iris , Ludewig Eberhard , Trujanovic Robert , Rohde Eva , von Rechenberg Brigitte , Gimona Mario , Traweger Andreas 
Published: January 2023

Background: Despite significant advancements in surgical techniques to repair rotator cuff (RC) injuries, failure rates remain high and novel approaches to adequately overcome the natural biological limits of tendon and enthesis regeneration of the RC are required. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from the secretome of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to modulate inflammation and reduce fibrotic adhesions, and therefore their local application could improve outcomes after RC repair. Purpose: In this pilot study, we evaluated the efficacy of clinical-grade human umbilical cord (hUC) MSC-derived sEVs (hUC-MSC-sEVs) loaded onto a type 1 collagen scaffold in an ovine model of acute infraspinatus tendon injury to improve RC healing. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: sEVs were enriched from hUC-MSC culture media and were characterized by surface marker profiling. The immunomodulatory capacity was evaluated in vitro by T-cell proliferation assays, and particle count was determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Twelve skeletally mature sheep were subjected to partial infraspinatus tenotomy and enthesis debridement. The defects of 6 animals were treated with 2 × 1010 hUC-MSC-sEVs loaded onto a type 1 collagen sponge, whereas 6 animals received only a collagen sponge, serving as controls. Six weeks postoperatively, the healing of the infraspinatus tendon and the enthesis was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hard tissue histology. Results: CD3/CD28-stimulated T-cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by hUC-MSC-sEVs ( P = .015) that displayed the typical surface marker profile, including the presence of the MSC marker proteins CD44 and melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. The local application of hUC-MSC-sEVs did not result in any marked systemic adverse events. Histologically, significantly improved Watkins scores ( P = .031) indicated improved tendon and tendon-to-bone insertion repair after sEV treatment and lower postcontrast signal of the tendon and adjacent structures on MRI suggested less residual inflammation at the defect area. Furthermore, the formation of osteophytes at the injury site was significantly attenuated ( P = .037). Conclusion: A local, single-dose application of hUC-MSC-sEVs promoted tendon and enthesis healing in an ovine model of acute RC injury. Clinical Relevance: Surgical repair of RC tears generally results in a clinical benefit for the patient; however, considerable rerupture rates have been reported. sEVs have potential as a cell-free biotherapeutic to improve healing outcomes after RC injury.
Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Digoxin Loading Doses Based on Ideal Body Weight
Authors: Clark Jessi L. , Jacobs Joshua A. , Watanabe Alexandre H. , Catino Anna B. , Dechand John A. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Intravenous digoxin loading dose recommendations differ between clinical guidelines and Food and Drug Administration packaging for acute rate control. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of intravenous digoxin loading in patients who received ≤12 µg/kg and >12 µg/kg of digoxin using ideal body weight (IBW). Methods: This single center retrospective cohort study with exempt status from the local Institutional Review Board included patients who received intravenous digoxin and had a serum digoxin concentration (SDC) drawn. Digoxin doses >36 hours after the first dose were excluded. Patients who received a total of >12 µg/kg and ≤12 µg/kg IBW were compared. The primary endpoint was frequency of SDCs ≥1.2 ng/mL, which have been shown to be associated with increased mortality. Results: A total of 244 patients were included (144 receiving >12 µg/kg and 100 receiving ≤12 µg/kg). There were significantly more SDC ≥1.2 ng/mL in the >12 µg/kg group than the ≤12 µg/kg group (50.6% vs. 30.0%; adjusted odds ratio, 3.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.79-5.84), with no difference in rate control failure. Major limitations of the study include retrospective nature and possible selection bias. Conclusion and Relevance: Compared to patients who received digoxin doses ≤12 µg/kg IBW, patients who received >12 µg/kg IBW had higher rates of SDC ≥1.2 ng/mL. This suggests that appropriate weight-based dosing with 8 to 12 µg/kg IBW has the potential to be a safer approach to digoxin loading, rather than frequently used dosing strategies that result in doses >12 µg/kg.