bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative reflux esophagitis in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with Billroth‐I reconstruction for gastric cancer: Nutritional effect and preoperative risk factors
Authors: Tsuchiya Hiroshi , Yasufuku Itaru , Fukada Masahiro , Higashi Toshiya , Asai Ryuichi , Sato Yuta , Tajima Jessi Yu , Kiyama Shigeru , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Okumura Naoki , Murase Katsutoshi , Takahashi Takao , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPostoperative reflux esophagitis represents a major complication of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) with Billroth‐I reconstruction (LDGBI). This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional effect and preoperative risk factors of postoperative reflux esophagitis in patients undergoing LDGBI for gastric cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data of patients with (reflux [+]) and without (reflux [−]) postoperative reflux esophagitis who underwent LDGBI in our institution. Patient backgrounds, surgical outcomes, and perioperative nutritional status were compared. Preoperative risk factors for postoperative reflux esophagitis were also evaluated.ResultsBetween January 2009 and December 2016, 242 patients underwent LDG for gastric cancer. Of these, 218 underwent Billroth‐I reconstruction. Seventy‐three patients were excluded because of nutritional or oncological reasons. Finally, 23 patients were enrolled as the reflux (+) group and 122 as the reflux (−) group. Although the preoperative/postoperative bodyweight ratio and albumin and hemoglobin values plateaued beyond 6 months postoperatively in the reflux (−) group, these parameters continued to decrease beyond this time in the reflux (+) group. The mean ± SD bodyweight ratios at 3 years postoperatively were 82.83% ± 9.73% and 89.45% ± 8.04% for the reflux (+) and reflux (−) group, respectively (P = .0006). Multivariate analysis revealed that postoperative reflux esophagitis was associated with postoperative body weight loss. Another multivariate analysis revealed preoperative hiatal hernia as an independent predictive factor for postoperative reflux esophagitis.ConclusionThe risk of reflux esophagitis after LDGBI in patients with hiatal hernia should be considered when deciding therapeutic approaches for such patients.
Institutional pressures and the adoption of responsible management education at universities and business schools in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Preuss Lutz , Elms Heather , Kurdyukov Roman , Golob Urša , Zaharia Rodica Milena , Jalsenjak Borna , Burg Ryan , Hardi Peter , Jacquemod Julija , Kooskora Mari , Manzhynski Siarhei , Mostenska Tetiana , Novelskaite Aurelija , Pučėtaitė Raminta , Pušinaitė‐Gelgotė Rasa , Ralko Oleksandra , Rok Boleslaw , Stanny Dominik , Stefanova Marina , Tomancová Lucie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBusiness schools, and universities providing business education, from across the globe have increasingly engaged in responsible management education (RME), that is in embedding social, environmental and ethical topics in their teaching and research. However, we still do not fully understand the institutional pressures that have led to the adoption of RME, in particular concerning under‐researched regions like Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Hence, we undertook what is to our knowledge the most comprehensive study into the adoption of RME in CEE to date (including 13 countries: Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovenia and Ukraine). We find that, with regard to RME, isomorphic pressures seem to shape teaching and research in different ways, which suggests that the idea of a holistic approach to RME, promoted by, for example, the Principles of Responsible Management Education (PRME), needs to be revisited; rather, different trajectories of organizational engagement may emerge for each principle. As a contribution to institutional theory, we discuss how a highly fragmented organizational field—like RME with its multiple dimensions—impacts on notions of actor centrality, where actors achieve centrality with regard to some dimensions of the field but fail to do so for others. In particular, we found that the European Union holds centrality in the area of RME teaching, but not in RME research. Our findings thus suggest that the concept of field centrality needs further clarification.
A Semiparametric Cox–Aalen Transformation Model with Censored Data
Authors: Ning Xi , Pan Yinghao , Sun Yanqing , Gilbert Peter B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe propose a broad class of so-called Cox–Aalen transformation models that incorporate both multiplicative and additive covariate effects on the baseline hazard function within a transformation. The proposed models provide a highly flexible and versatile class of semiparametric models that include the transformation models and the Cox–Aalen model as special cases. Specifically, it extends the transformation models by allowing potentially time-dependent covariates to work additively on the baseline hazard and extends the Cox–Aalen model through a predetermined transformation function. We propose an estimating equation approach and devise an expectation-solving (ES) algorithm that involves fast and robust calculations. The resulting estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal via modern empirical process techniques. The ES algorithm yields a computationally simple method for estimating the variance of both parametric and nonparametric estimators. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of our procedures through extensive simulation studies and applications in two randomized, placebo-controlled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention efficacy trials. The data example shows the utility of the proposed Cox–Aalen transformation models in enhancing statistical power for discovering covariate effects.
Outcomes of transecting versus non‐transecting urethroplasty for bulbar urethral stricture: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Oszczudlowski Maciej , Yepes Christian , Dobruch Jakub , Martins Francisco E. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo assess outcomes of transecting vs non‐transecting urethroplasty for bulbar urethral stricture in terms of stricture recurrence rate, sexual dysfunction, and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) related to lower urinary tract (LUT) function.MethodsElectronic literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase databases. The studied population was limited to men with bulbar urethral stricture included in studies that compared outcomes after transecting and non‐transecting urethroplasty. The main outcome appraised was the stricture recurrence rate. Additionally, the incidence of sexual dysfunction appraised in three domains (erectile function, penile complications, and ejaculatory function) and PROMs related to LUT function after transecting vs non‐transecting urethroplasty were assessed. The pooled risk ratio (RR) respectively for stricture recurrence, erectile dysfunction and penile complications was calculated using a fixed‐effect model with inverse variance method.ResultsIn all, 694 studies were screened with 72 identified as relevant. Finally, 19 studies were suitable for analysis. The pooled difference between the transecting and non‐transecting groups relating to stricture recurrence was not significant. Overall, the RR was 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–1.36) and the 95% CI crossed the line of no effect (line RR = 1). Overall, the RR for erectile dysfunction was 0.73 (95% CI 0.49–1.08) and the 95% CI crossed the line of no effect (line RR = 1). Overall, the RR for penile complications was 0.47 (95% CI 0.28–0.76) and the 95% CI did not cross the line of no effect (line RR = 1). Hence, the risk of penile complications was significantly lower in the non‐transecting group.ConclusionsOur analysis of available evidence indicates that both transecting and non‐transecting urethroplasties, are equal in terms of the recurrence rate. On the other hand, non‐transecting techniques are better in terms of sexual function, causing less penile complications.
Role of circadian clock in the chronoefficacy and chronotoxicity of clopidogrel
Authors: Ma Luyao , Yu Fangjun , He Di , Guo Lianxia , Yang Yu , Li Wangchun , Zhang Tianpeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe role of circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) in regulating drug chronoefficacy and chronotoxicity remains elusive. Here, we aimed to uncover the impact of CLOCK and dosing time on clopidogrel efficacy and toxicity.Experimental ApproachThe antiplatelet effect, toxicity and pharmacokinetics experiments were conducted with Clock−/− mice and wild‐type mice, after gavage administration of clopidogrel at different circadian time points. The expression levels of drug‐metabolizing enzymes were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. Transcriptional gene regulation was investigated using luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.Key ResultsThe antiplatelet effect and toxicity of clopidogrel in wild‐type mice showed a dosing time‐dependent variation. Clock ablation reduced the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel, but increased clopidogrel‐induced hepatotoxicity, with attenuated rhythms of clopidogrel active metabolite (Clop‐AM) and clopidogrel, respectively. We found that Clock regulated the diurnal variation of Clop‐AM formation by modulating the rhythmic expression of CYP1A2 and CYP3A1, and altered clopidogrel chronopharmacokinetics by regulation of CES1D expression. Mechanistic studies revealed that CLOCK activated Cyp1a2 and Ces1d transcription by directly binding to the enhancer box (E‐box) elements in their promoters, and promoted Cyp3a11 transcription through enhancing the transactivation activity of albumin D‐site‐binding protein (DBP) and thyrotroph embryonic factor (TEF).Conclusions and ImplicationsCLOCK regulates the diurnal rhythmicity in clopidogrel efficacy and toxicity through regulation of CYP1A2, CYP3A11 and CES1D expression. These findings may contribute to optimizing dosing schedules for clopidogrel and may deepen understanding of the circadian clock and chronopharmacology.
Targeting phosphomevalonate kinase enhances radiosensitivity via ubiquitination of the replication protein A1 in lung cancer cells
Authors: Park Seok Soon , Kwon Mi Ri , Ju Eun Jin , Shin Seol Hwa , Park Jin , Ko Eun Jung , Son Ga Won , Lee Hye Won , Kim Yeon Joo , Moon Gyeong Joon , Park Yun‐Yong , Song Si Yeol , Jeong Seong‐Yun , Choi Eun Kyung 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRadiotherapy (RT) plays an important role in localized lung cancer treatments. Although RT locally targets and controls malignant lesions, RT resistance prevents RT from being an effective treatment for lung cancer. In this study, we identified phosphomevalonate kinase (PMVK) as a novel radiosensitizing target and explored its underlying mechanism. We found that cell viability and survival fraction after RT were significantly decreased by PMVK knockdown in lung cancer cell lines. RT increased apoptosis, DNA damage, and G2/M phase arrest after PMVK knockdown. Also, after PMVK knockdown, radiosensitivity was increased by inhibiting the DNA repair pathway, homologous recombination, via downregulation of replication protein A1 (RPA1). RPA1 downregulation was induced through the ubiquitin–proteasome system. Moreover, a stable shRNA PMVK mouse xenograft model verified the radiosensitizing effects of PMVK in vivo. Furthermore, PMVK expression was increased in lung cancer tissues and significantly correlated with patient survival and recurrence. Our results demonstrate that PMVK knockdown enhances radiosensitivity through an impaired HR repair pathway by RPA1 ubiquitination in lung cancer, suggesting that PMVK knockdown may offer an effective therapeutic strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of RT.
The impact of obesity on cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes treated with finerenone: Post hoc analysis of the FIDELITY study
Authors: Rossing Peter , Anker Stefan D. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Pitt Bertram , Ruilope Luis M. , Billings Liana K. , Green Jennifer B. , Koya Daisuke , Mosenzon Ofri , Pantalone Kevin M. , Ahlers Christiane , Lage Andrea , Lawatscheck Robert , Scalise Andrea , Bakris George L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the effect of finerenone on the risk of cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes, with and without obesity.Materials and methodsA post hoc analysis of the prespecified pooled FIDELITY dataset assessed the association between waist circumference (WC), composite cardiovascular and kidney outcomes, and the effects of finerenone. Participants were stratified by WC risk groups (representing visceral obesity) as low‐risk or high–very high‐risk (H‐/VH‐risk).ResultsOf 12 986 patients analysed, 90.8% occupied the H‐/VH‐risk WC group. Incidence of the composite cardiovascular outcome was similar between finerenone and placebo in the low‐risk WC group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72‐1.47); finerenone reduced the risk in the H‐/VH‐risk WC group (HR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77‐0.93). For the kidney outcome, the risk was similar in the low‐risk WC group (HR 0.98; 95% CI, 0.66‐1.46) and reduced within the H‐/VH‐risk WC group (HR 0.75; 95% CI, 0.65‐0.87) with finerenone versus placebo. There was no significant heterogeneity between the low‐risk and H‐/VH‐risk WC groups for cardiovascular and kidney composite outcomes (P interaction = .26 and .34, respectively). The apparent greater benefit of finerenone on cardiorenal outcomes but lack of significant heterogeneity observed in H‐/VH‐risk WC patients may be because of the small size of the low‐risk group. Adverse events were consistent across WC groups.ConclusionIn FIDELITY, benefits of finerenone in lowering the risk of cardiovascular and kidney outcomes were not significantly modified by patient obesity.
Foreign aid, human agency, and self‐reliance in the Pacific: Lessons from the pandemic
Authors: Teaurere Rerekura , Latu Siulua Tokilupe , de Waegh Roxane , Orams Mark , Lück Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMotivationAmid the highly polarized discourse on development aid in Pacific Islands, few studies explore the perspectives of local people. Missing from the literature is how the subjective experiences of Pacific Islands people responding and adapting to a sudden global disruption influence their perceptions of foreign aid. Faced by the sudden shutdown of export markets, tourism, and labour migration, the COVID‐19 pandemic offered an opportunity to investigate how disruptions from international events affect Pacific Island peoples' perception of foreign aid.PurposeWe investigated how the lived experiences of people in the Cook Islands and Tonga during COVID‐19 may have influenced their perceptions of foreign aid.Methods and approachSemi‐structured interviews guided by open‐ended questions were conducted with 25 individuals in the Cook Islands and 24 in Tonga. Interviewees were purposively selected from staff in government ministries and environmental non‐governmental organizations; from people working in tourism and private enterprise; from members of youth empowerment groups; and from among traditional leaders, faith leaders, high school teachers, fisherfolk, and farmers. The interviews explored their subjective experiences during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the meanings they attributed to them.FindingsThe pandemic closed down tourism and interrupted labour emigration in both countries. In response, people switched to farming and fishing and found ways to redeploy their skills. The pandemic saw increased local innovation, strengthened traditional practices, increased local agricultural output, and enhanced collaboration between foreign donor partners and recipient countries in the development of local human capacity.Policy implicationsRather than repeating history by integrating Pacific Island societies into the globalized economy, or providing bail‐outs through economic restructuring, donors should strive to support the agency and self‐determination of Pacific Islands people. They should start by recognizing the resourcefulness and capacity to adapt shown by participants during the pandemic.
Public preferences for nutritional, environmental and food safety characteristics of upcycled foods in Sweden
Authors: Moshtaghian Hanieh , Bolton Kim , Rousta Kamran 
Published: July 2023

SummaryThis study investigates people's preferences for nutritional, environmental and food safety characteristics of upcycled foods according to their age group and assesses the association between age and the importance of these characteristics in a Swedish population. A food choice questionnaire was used for data collection, and 681 Swedish residents aged ≥18 years participated in this study. In young, middle‐aged and older adults, environmental (environmentally friendly preparation and packaging, local production and contribution to food waste reduction) and food safety (absence of additives, chemicals, genetically modified ingredients and contamination) characteristics of upcycled foods were more important than most nutritional characteristics (low energy and fat content and high fibre and protein content). There was a positive association between age and the importance score of nutritional characteristics, such as rich in vitamins and minerals, low energy and fat content and minimal food processing (P‐value < 0.05). A negative association was observed between age and the importance score of contribution to food waste reduction (P‐value = 0.014). There was a positive association between age and the importance score of food safety characteristics, such as the absence of additives, chemicals and genetically modified ingredients (P‐value < 0.05). Therefore, the environmental benefits and food safety aspects of upcycled foods can be considered for product development and marketing to facilitate the acceptability of these foods in all age groups. Since the nutritional attributes of upcycled foods were less important than their environmental and food safety characteristics, strategies should be introduced to educate people regarding desirable nutritional features to enable them to choose healthy upcycled foods.
Risk factor analysis for diabetic foot ulcer‐related amputation including Controlling Nutritional Status score and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio
Authors: Zhu Yandan , Xu Hongtao , Wang Yuzhen , Feng Xia , Liang Xinyu , Xu Liying , Liang Zhiqiang , Xu Zhongjia , Li Yawen , Le Yi , Zhao Manchen , Yang Jianfei , Li Ji , Cao Yemin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer often leads to amputation, and both nutritional status and immune function have been associated with this process. We aimed to investigate the risk factors of diabetic ulcer‐related amputation including the Controlling Nutritional Status score and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio biomarker. We evaluated data from hospital in patients with diabetic foot ulcer, performing univariate and multivariate analyses to screen for high‐risk factors and Kaplan–Meier analysis to correlate high‐risk factors with amputation‐free survival. Overall, 389 patients underwent 247 amputations over the follow‐up period. After correction to relevant variables, we identified five independent risk factors for diabetic ulcer‐related amputation: ulcer severity, ulcer site, peripheral arterial disease, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and nutritional status. Amputation‐free survival was lower for the moderate‐to‐severe versus mild cases, for the plantar forefoot versus hindfoot location, for the concomitant peripheral artery disease versus without and in the high versus low neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (all p < 0.01). The results showed that ulcer severity (p < 0.01), ulcer site (p < 0.01), peripheral artery disease (p < 0.01), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (p < 0.01) and Controlling Nutritional Status score (p < 0.05) were independent risk factors for amputation in diabetic foot ulcer patients and have predictive values for diabetic foot ulcer progression to amputation.
Persistent Helicobacter pylori infection leads to elevated fasting plasma glucose level: A retrospective cohort study based on a nondiabetes Chinese population
Authors: You Ningning , Chen Yi , Yan Xiaodan , Gu Binbin , Wang Jun , Zhang Jinshun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and fast plasma glucose (FPG) on nondiabetes populations is still inconclusive. Nowadays, not only the high infection rate of H. pylori but also the high FPG level is threatening the Chinese people.MethodsA retrospective cohort study has been established to analyze the relationship between H. pylori infection and FPG level, 18 164 individuals performed healthy examination in Taizhou Hospital Health Examination Center from 2017 to 2022 were included, and hematological indicators, body parameters, and H. pylori detection by 13C‐urea breath test were collected from patients. The follow‐up intervals were greater than 12 months.ResultsH. pylori infection was regarded as an independent risk factor for elevated FPG after multivariate logistic regression. Additionally, the average interval time were 33.6 ± 13.3 months. Mean changed FPG values in the persistent infection group were higher than in the subgroup of persistent negative (P = 0.029) as well as eradication infection (P = 0.007). The aforementioned changes began to appear after 2 years of follow‐up. Similarly, when compared with the subgroup of persistent infection, mean changed triglyceride/high density lipoprotein (TG/HDL) values were much lower in the subgroup of persistent negative (P = 0.008) and eradication infection (P = 0.018), but the differences appeared after 3 years of follow‐up.ConclusionsH. pylori infection is an independent risk factor for elevated FPG in non‐diabetes mellitus (DM) individuals. Persistent H. pylori infection causes an increase in FPG level and TG/HDL, which may be a risk factor for diabetes mellitus.
The role of collaborative decision‐making in discharge planning: Perspectives from patients, family members and health professionals
Authors: Gledhill Kate , Bucknall Tracey K. , Lannin Natasha A. , Hanna Lisa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo explore discharge planning with a range of key stakeholders in subacute care, including consumers.DesignQualitative descriptive study.MethodsPatients (n = 16), families (n = 16), clinicians (n = 17) and managers (n = 12) participated in semi‐structured interviews or focus groups. Following transcription, data were analysed thematically.ResultsThe overarching facilitator of effective discharge planning was collaborative communication, leading to shared expectations by all stakeholders. Collaborative communication was underpinned by four key themes: patient‐ and family‐centred decision‐making, early goal setting, strong inter‐ and intra‐disciplinary teamwork, and robust patient/family education.ConclusionEffective planning for discharge from subacute care is enabled by shared expectations and collaborative communication between key stakeholders.Implications for the profession and/or patient careEffective discharge planning processes are underpinned by effective inter‐ and intra‐disciplinary teamwork. Healthcare networks should foster environments that promote effective communication between and within multidisciplinary team members as well as with patients and their families. Applying these principles to discharge planning may assist in reducing length of stays and rates of preventable readmissions post‐discharge.ImpactThis study addressed a lack of knowledge about effective discharge planning in Australian subacute care. It found that collaborative communication between stakeholders was an overarching facilitator of effective discharge planning. This finding impacts subacute service design and professional education.Reporting methodCOREQ guidelines were followed in reporting this study.Patient or public contributionNo patient or public contribution in the design, data analysis or preparation of the manuscript.