bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
تحليل محتوى كتاب الرياضيات المقرر للصف الخامس الابتدائي وفقاً لمعايير (وثيقة منهاج الرياضات)
Authors: وليد رعد هليل الدلفي  , أ.د. تغريد عبد الكاظم جواد  
Published: December 2022

هدف البحث الى تحليل محتوى كتاب الرياضيات المقرر للصف الخامس الابتدائي وفقاً لمعايير وثيقة منهاج الرياضيات. واشتقت من هذا الهدف التساؤلين وهما:

ما معايير وثيقة منهاج الرياضيات الواجب توافرها في محتوى كتاب الرياضيات المقرر للصف الخامس الابتدائي في مجالات ( الاعداد والعمليات، والجبر، والهندسة والقياس، والاحصاء والاحتمالات)؟
هل تتوافر معايير وثيقة منهاج الرياضيات في محتوى كتاب الرياضيات المقرر للصف الخامس الابتدائي في مجالات ( الاعداد والعمليات، والجبر، والهندسة والقياس، والاحصاء والاحتمالات)؟

ولتحقيق هدف البحث والاجابة عن التساؤلين، اعتمد الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، اذ تمثلت عينة البحث كتاب الرياضيات المقرر للصف الخامس الابتدائي للعام الدراسي (2021-2022)م.
اذ قام الباحث بأعداد بطاقة تحليل محتوى وفقاً لمعايير وثيقة منهاج الرياضيات، وتأكد من صدقها بعد عرضها على مجموعة من المحكمين المختصين، اذ حصلت على نسبة الاتفاق(88.51%).
تكونت بطاقة تحليل المحتوى وفقاً لمعايير وثيقة المنهاج بصيغتها النهائية من اربعة مجالات وهي: (مجال الاعداد والعمليات ويشتمل على اربعة محاور و(125) مؤشراً، ومجال الجبر ثلاثة محاور و(29) مؤشراً، ومجال الهندسة والقياس من ثلاثة محاور و(78) مؤشراً، ومجال الاحصاء والاحتمالات من محورين و(29) مؤشراً). وتم تحليل كتاب الرياضيات المقرر للصف الخامس الابتدائي على وفق هذه المعايير، وتم عرض انموذجاً من عينة التحليل على عدد من المحكمين المختصين وقد اتفقوا على صلاح عملية التحليل، وللتأكد من ثبات التحليل استعمل الباحث طريقتين للثبات الاولى عبر الزمن وحصلت على نسبة اتفاق (0.93) والطريقة الثانية الاستعانة بمحللين اخرين وحصلت على نسبة اتفاق بين محللين (0.93) باستعمال معادلة هولستي.
وقد اسفرت نتائج البحث الى ان: كتاب الرياضيات المقرر للصف الخامس الابتدائي قد حقق نسبة (63.60%) من معايير محتوى وثيقة منهاج الرياضيات، اذ حقق المرتبة الاولى مجال الاعداد والعمليات بـ(78) مؤشراً وبواقع (2168) تكراراً وبنسبة (65.34%)، واما مجال الهندسة والقياس حصل على المرتبة الثانية بـ(51) مؤشراً وبواقع (715) تكراراً وبنسبة (21.55%)، والذي يليه في المرتبة الثالثة مجال الاحصاء والاحتمالات محقق (19)مؤشراً وبواقع(220) تكراراً وبنسبة (6.63%)، بينما مجال الجبر حصل على المرتبة الاخيرة بـ(18) مؤشراً وبواقع (215) تكراراً وبنسبة (6.48%). وبناء على نتائج البحث، تم تقديم عدداً من التوصيات والمقترحات.
اهم التوصيات:

الافادة من قائمة معايير وثيقة منهاج الرياضيات للبحث الحالي، عند إجراء تغيير او تطوير او تعديل او تلافي اوجه القصور في محتوى كتب الرياضيات بالمرحلة الابتدائية.
تزويد جميع معلمي ومعلمات مادة الرياضيات في المرحلة الابتدائية بنسخة من وثيقة منهاج الرياضيات ليكون لديهم اطلاع على معايير محتوى الكتب التي صممت بضوئها.

اهم المقترحات:

إجراء بحوث في تحليل محتوى كتب الرياضيات المقررة للمرحلة المتوسطة او الاعدادية وفقاً لوثيقة منهاج الرياضيات الخاصة في كل مرحلة.
إجراء بحوث مقارنة لكتب الرياضيات المقررة للمرحلة الابتدائية في العراق مع كتب الرياضيات الدول العربية التي صممت كتبها وفقاً للوثائق خاصة بها.
Treatment Outcomes of Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone Injection in Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Haider Muhammad Ali , Usman Nida , Buksh Hasnain Muhammad , Jabran Aamna 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To find out the outcomes of suprachoroidal Triamcinolone injection in refractory diabetic macular edema.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Al-Ehsan Eye Hospital, Lahore from Jan 2020 to 31st Dec 2020.
Methods: Sixty-five patients with refractory diabetic macular edema were included. Patients underwent complete ocular history and examination. To document baseline macular edema, SD-OCT was done. The recruited patients received 0.1ml of suprachoroidal Triamcinolone injection (40mg/ml) using a 30 gauge syringe. Follow up was performed at one week, one month and third month after injection. At each follow up, best corrected visual acuity, central macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber thickness were documented. Data was analysed using SPSS version 36.0. Comparison of BCVA, central macular thickness and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL) before and after injection was analyzed by paired sample t-test with p value of ≤ 0.05 as significant.
Results: Out of 65 patients, 29 (44.62%) were females. Mean age of patients was 54 ± 8.4 years (range 40 to 80 years). Central macular thickness after suprachoroidal Triamcinolone injection changed from 556.2 ± 10.9 to 313.6 ± 7.2 ųm. Change in visual acuity was 0.9 ± 0.01 to 0.6 ± 0.02. Pre-treatment and post-treatment visual acuities demonstrated a substantial change after undergoing treatment along with decrease in central macular thickness with p value ˂ 0.001.
Conclusion: Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone injection results in anatomical as well as functional improvement in diabetic patients with refractory macular edema.
Autologous Serum for Fixation of Limbal Conjunctival Autograft in Primary Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Memon Ghulam Mustafa , Kamil Zeeshan , Abbasi Sabeen , Loya Hina 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To find out the efficacy and structural stability of autologous serum for the fixation of limbal conjunctival Autograft in the management of pterygium surgery.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Orbit and Oculoplastic department of LRBT Hospital, Karachi, from June 2020 to November 2020.
Methods: This study included 100 eyes of 100 patients with primary pterygium.Eyes with nasal Pterygium of grade III were included. Patients with ocular surface disorders, infection, inflammation, pseudo pterygium, pterygium at temporal side and coagulation disorders were excluded. After pterygium excision, a free limbal conjunctival Autograft was taken from superotemporal quadrant of bulbar conjunctiva of same eye and was used to cover the bare sclera with autologous serum. Subconjunctival injection of antibiotic and steroid was given followed by 24 hour of eye pad. Postoperative outcomes of the graft were noted at theend of the six months period of follow up.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 46.5 ± 8.97 years (range 20 – 60 years). Male to female ratio was 3:1 (75 males and 25 females). Graft loss was found in five patients, graft edema in one patient, graft retraction in three patients, graft overriding in two patients, recurrence of pterygium in six patients, granuloma in two patients and subconjunctival hemorrhage in 10 patients.
Conclusion: Autologous serum for fixation of limbal conjunctival Autograft is a safe, efficient and cost-effective method of treatment for primary pterygium surgery.
Effectiveness of Prism Spectacles in Patients with Age Related Macular Degeneration: A randomized control trial study
Authors: Tanveer Mehreen , Kiran Ayesha , Hussain Mahmood , Rehman Ayesha 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To compare between the use of prism and the spectacles without prism in improving near vision, distance vision and quality of life in patients with AMD.
Study Design: Randomized control trial.
Place and Duration of Study: Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, from October 2021 to April 2022.
Methods: Eighty-eight patients with AMD were selected and 44 patients were included in intervention group and control group each. Both interventional and control groups underwent Visual acuity (VA) for distance and near. VF-25 questionnaire was filled to evaluate quality of life (VFQoL). After prescribing prisms and simple glasses without prisms, both groups were called for a follow-up after one week and one month. VF-25 questionnaire was filled again. IBM SPSS was used for statistics. Categorical variables were presented by the frequencies and percentages. Continuous variables were presented by mean and standard deviation.
Results: There were 63.64% males. Mean age of subjects was 67.28 + 8.0. A repeated measure ANOVA determined that mean VA for distance, near (for single opto-type and continuous text) and quality of life of intervention group and control group increased from pre-intervention to one month (p < .0005), and from pre-intervention to one week (p = <0.001), but not from one week to one month (p = >0.005).Mean improvement in near and distance vision was significant better in intervention group than the control group (p = < 0.001).
Conclusion: There was statistically significant improvement in near, distance vision and quality of life with the use of prism in AMD.
S STRATEGI KOMUNITAS SEKOLAH DI UTARA DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PENDIDIKAN INFORMAL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Hadiyansyah Rizza 
Published: December 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui strategi komunitas Sekolah Di Utara dalam mengembangkan pendidikan informal di masa pandemi Covid-19 dan kendala yang dihadapi komunitas Sekolah Di Utara dalam mengembangkan pendidikan informal di masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif pendekatan kualitatif melalui teknik pengumpulan data secara observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu pengurus komunitas Sekolah Di Utara, relawan komunitas Sekolah Di Utara, dan peserta didik komunitas Sekolah Di Utara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunitas Sekolah Di Utara dalam mengembangkan pendidikan informal di masa pandemi Covid-19 memilki strategi yang tepat dalam melaksanakan berbagai aktifitas pendidikan. Strategi yang diterapkan oleh Sekolah Di Utara dalam mengembangkan pendidikan informal yaitu (1) corporate strategy (strategi organisasi) (2) program strategy (strategi program) (3) resource support strategy (strategi pendukung sumber daya) (4) institutional strategy (strategi kelembagaan). Kendala yang dihadapi oleh komunitas Sekolah Di Utara dalam mengembangkan pendidikan informal di masa pandemi Covid-19 ialah (1) Pada pengurus yaitu biaya operasional yang semakin sedikit atau menurun dan relawan yang bukan dari background pendidikan. (2) Pada relawan yaitu penyusunan perencanaan pembelajaran yang perlu disesuaikan dengan kondisi saat ini dan perbedaan mengajar yang dilakukan pada saat pandemi Covid-19.
Billie Eilish Select Songs: Psychological Study of the Depression of Youth Today
Authors: Makiling Ralph Michael , Ilustrisimo Kyle Joseph , Bernaldez Tesalonica , Diones Lito 
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the depression of the youth today in Billie Eilish’s select songs, which specifically looks into the theme, lyrics, and symbols. The Study’s data was gathered by using the Psychodynamic Theory by Sigmund Freud, which talks about the personality of a human being, and Sigmund Freud is Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism, which helps in interpretatively analyzing the texts, and serves as a psychological mechanism to surface out hidden meanings, of literary work. Moreover, this study utilizes a qualitative method using a discourse analysis approach. The findings of the study show that the aspects of depression in the theme of Billie Eilish select songs are unresolved grief, hopelessness caused by loved ones’ abandonment, society’s toxic standards, family pressure, and isolation and insignificance; lyrics surface out being doubtful towards society’s good side, feeling unloved, disappointment in unfavourable circumstances experienced, anxiety being left behind, negative criticisms causing despair, self-pity, misery or loneliness, prolonged helplessness, and rejection as aspects of depression; and abandonment, mental breakdowns, longing for appreciation and acceptance, and heartbreak and loneliness are extracted as aspects of depression in symbols. In conclusion, Billie Eillish’s select songs depict the depression of the youth.
Sistem Point Of Sales “EMYE POS” PADA TOKO PUTRA WRINGIN CILACAP
Authors: Yusuf Dede , Muhtyas Yugi  
Published: December 2022

Proses penjualan di toko Putra Wringin masih dilakukan dengan cara tradisional melalui pencatatan manual. Pencatatan dengan sistem manual kurang efisien karena membutuhkan jumlah buku yang banyak dan pesanan harus masuk ke dalam buku secara manual. Hal ini juga dapat menyebabkan kesalahan dalam memasukkan/mencatat data penjualan. Pelaporan memakan waktu lama karena harus mencari dan mengumpulkan data yang dibutuhkan dari pencatatan di buku. Pada penelitian ini diusulkan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi POS (Point of Sale) untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang ada dan agar kegiatan kerja bengkel dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Metode yang digunakan dalam sistem POS ini adalah metode waterfall. Metode Waterfall merupakan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak secara berurutan (seperti waterfall) yang melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu perencanaan, perancangan, implementasi dan pengujian. Hasil pengembangan aplikasi menunjukkan bahwa sistem point-of-sale (POS) dapat memudahkan Toko Putra Wringin dalam pencatatan, penghitungan, pendokumentasian dan informasi penjualan untuk pengelolaan dan pelaporan penjualan agregat.
Kata Kunci: Tempat Penjualan; Situs web; Air terjun
Krótkotrwały zakaz prowadzenia pojazdów mechanicznych w prawie niemieckim (Fahrverbot) jako inspiracja dla polskiego ustawodawcy
Authors: Głuchowski Michał 
Published: December 2022

W Niemczech karę krótkotrwałego zakazu prowadzenia pojazdów mechanicznych stosuje się już od 1965 r. w walce z przestępczością drogową. Od 2017 r. możliwe jest jej orzekanie w reakcji na wszelkie przestępstwa, jednak w praktyce większe znaczenie ma zakaz orzekany w postępowaniu wykroczeniowym. W oparciu o niemieckie doświadczenia, krytyce poddano automatyzm i natychmiastowość polskiego środka zatrzymania prawa jazdy przy rażącym przekroczeniu prędkości. Autor formułuje wniosek de lege ferenda, iż należy zrezygnować z obecnej regulacji i wprowadzić środek karny zawieszenia uprawnień do prowadzenia pojazdów mechanicznych do kodeksu karnego i kodeksu wykroczeń jako uzupełnienie zakazu prowadzenia pojazdów.

The criminal punishment of a short-term driving ban was introduced in Germany in 1965 to combat road traffic offences. Since 2017, the ban may be imposed in response to every criminal offence. This penalty has numerous advantages and only minor disadvantages. In Poland, however, its target group would overlap with the restriction of liberty. In Germany, driving bans imposed after regulatory offences are much more prevalent. Based on the German experiences, this article criticizes the Polish regulation on automatic and immediate seizure of the driving licence and its subsequent suspension after speeding. Furthermore, a short-term driving ban should be introduced to the Polish Criminal Code and the Petty Offences Code as a new penal measure supplementing the driving disqualification.
Pengaruh Transparansi, Akuntabilitas dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa
Authors: Subandra Andika Dika 
Published: December 2022

Village financial management is an overall activity that includes planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability for village funds. This study aims to determine the effect of transparency, accountability, and community participation on village financial management. The sample of this research is the entire community in Pebenaan Village, Keritang District, Indragiri Hilir Regency. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research. The sampling method used purposive sampling, namely random sampling based on certain criteria for each member of the population to be a sample so as to produce 98 respondents. The data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to the residents of Pebenaan Village. Hypothesis testing in this study uses Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Classical Assumption Test, and Hypothesis Testing with SPSS version 21 tool. The results show that Transparency has no effect on Village Financial Management, Accountability and Community Participation affect Village Financial Management. Based on the results of the Coefficient of Determination, it is found that Transparency, Accountability and Community Participation simultaneously affect village financial management with a value of 75.50%, while the other 24.50% are influenced by other variables outside of this study.

Transparency, Accountability, Community Participation, Village Financial Management
МУНИЦИПАЛЬНАЯ ТОПОНИМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ВОПРОСЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ГОРОДСКОЙ ТОПОНИМИИ
Authors: Голомидова Марина Васильевна 
Published: December 2022

Обсуждается новый подход к топонимической политике в отношении городских топографических объектов. Автор определяет топонимическую политику как целенаправленную деятельность, которая осуществляется уполномоченными субъектами права на основе комплекса нормативных, организационных, научных, методических материалов, обеспечивающих регламенты присвоения топонимов, а также нормы их употребления и внедрения в речевую практику. Предлагается заменить традиционный для многих российских городов подход к топонимическому означиванию в виде номинативного реагирования на ситуационно возникающие потребности в создании отдельных имен на подход, который будет основан на принципах стратегического управления именотворческой и именоприсвоительной деятельностью. Утверждается, что основу такого подхода в любом муниципальном образовании должна составлять ясная концепция муниципальной топонимической политики, соотнесенная с перспективными планами территориального развития, особенностями позиционирования города и ключевыми характеристиками территориальной идентичности. Отмечается, что официальная городская топонимия способна выступать вербальным инструментом для трансляции имиджа города и по-своему направлять восприятие его пространства. Подчеркивается, что при проектировании новых топонимов целесообразно учитывать ведущие для позиционирования города содержательные номинативные темы, а также внедрять технологию нейминга для анализа номинативного контекста, последовательной лингвокреативной деятельности, тестирования и экспертизы новых урбанонимов. На примере топонимов Екатеринбурга, созданных в постсоветское время, обсуждаются возможности реализации заявленного подхода.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ГРАЖДАНСКИХ ИНИЦИАТИВ ПОДДЕРЖКИ КАЛМЫЦКОГО ЯЗЫКА В СИТУАЦИИ ЕГО КРИЗИСА
Authors: Волгин Владимир Леонидович 
Published: December 2022

Калмыцкий язык характеризуется ослаблением функциональности, среди калмыков наблюдается низкий уровень владения им. Это вызывает обеспокоенность, предпринимаются меры государственной поддержки языка, однако они считаются недостаточными. Гражданские инициативы приобретают особенность своеобразного замещения слабости политики. Исследование нацелено на то, чтобы показать специфику указанных инициатив, и другая их особенность заключается в том, что они условно могут быть разделены на три группы. Первая – это предложения мер поддержки калмыцкого языка, адресованные органам государственной власти и обществу. Вторая – популяризация калмыцкого языка через возможности современных цифровых, информационных технологий. Третья – традиционные или оригинальные проекты без применения цифровых технологий. В первом случае особенность заключается в том, что значительная часть гражданских идей остается без публичной реакции со стороны официальных структур. Популяризация калмыцкого языка с помощью цифровых инициатив отличается тем, что IT-проекты имеют динамичное развитие, широкий диапазон. Среди нецифровых инициатив успешно зарекомендовали себя курсы обучения калмыцкому языку, вместе с тем их последователи стремятся выйти за привычные рамки в поисках новых способов и форм обучения языку.
Ectopic breast tissue mimicking Bartholin’s Abscess: a case report
Authors: Solaja Taiwo , Nwadiokwu John , Okebalama Victor , Imaralu John , Ehioghae Osaze 
Published: December 2022

Background: Ectopic breast tissue (EBT) is an uncommon occurrence in which the breast tissue can be found at any point along the milk line. Although it is most commonly found on the axilla, it can also present on the thighs, perineum, vulva, inframammary region, and groin. EBT mimicking a Bartholin’s abscess is extremely rare.
Case presentation: Here, we report the case of a 31-year-old nulliparous woman who presented to our gynecology clinic with a complaint of right-sided vulvar swelling. An initial diagnosis of Bartholin’s abscess was made after clinical examination. This was surgically removed using marsupialization. However, following histopathological & immuno-histochemical evaluation, a confirmatory diagnosis of ectopic breast tissue was made.
Conclusion: Indeed, our case re-emphasizes the absolute need for histopathological examination of every tumor notwithstanding the nature of the presentation, site of occurrence, and/or initial diagnosis. Furthermore, although rare, EBT should be considered an important differential in tumors of the vulva.
Demographic and fertility transition in Nigeria; the progress made so far: a literature review
Authors: Addah Abednigo , Ikobho Ebenezer 
Published: December 2022

Background: Nigeria, since its inception as a sovereign nation, has been plagued by population explosion. This may be due to factors that need to be addressed by the government and individuals alike such as fertility desires.
Main body: In the course of this review, we drew our resource information from the Nigerian Demographic and Health survey of 2018, PubMed, and African Journals Online (AJOL, Scholarly publications on sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria in particular that dwell on the area under review.
The total fertility rate (TFR) meaning the number of children a woman would bear in her lifetime is high, at a rate of 5.3 Children per woman. Population explosion is also a consequence of the low contraceptive use in Nigeria which stands at a rate of 17 % amongst married couples. Other factors that could be responsible for this population explosion include a lack of good population policies and few or non-existent national family planning programs. These negative effects on the Nigerian population made it grow at an annual rate of 2 %. Fifty percent (50%) of the Nigerian age distribution is under 19 years. This means that the Nigerian demography may not transit (change) readily.
Conclusion: A community or country is said to undergo demographic transition when the death rate and fertility rate balance each other, and the age distribution is made of working-class people against the young and the aged who are dependent on others for a living. The economy of such a country is industrialized, with good health systems and a long life span for its citizens. Fertility transition on the other hand means a situation where a community or national fertility rate shows a substantial decline compared to industrialized countries of Europe, The USA, and Latin America in the contemporary world.