bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-adherence to growth monitoring and promotion sessions amongst caregivers of children under 5 years in Polokwane Municipality, Limpopo province
Authors: Mphasha Mabitsela H. , Rapetsoa Matjie , Mathebula Nkhaviso , Makua Kamogelo , Mazibuko Sanele 
Published: March 2023

Background: Child growth is crucial for nutritional and health status; poor growth may result in stunting. South Africa experiences a high prevalence of stunting, micronutrient deficiencies and late identification of growth faltering. Non-adherence to growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) sessions remains a challenge and caregivers contribute to non-adherence. Therefore, this study explores factors affecting the non-adherence of GMP services.Methods: Qualitative approach and phenomenological exploratory study design were used. One-on-one interviews were conducted with 23 participants conveniently sampled. Sampling size was dependent on data saturation. Voice recorders were used to capture data. Tesch’s eight steps, inductive, descriptive and open coding techniques were used to analyse data. Measures of trustworthiness were ensured through credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability.Results: Participants indicated non-adherence to GMP sessions because of a lack of knowledge of the importance of adherence and poor service by healthcare workers, which includes long waiting hours. Inconsistent availability of GMP services at healthcare facilities and growth of the firstborn children with non-adherence to GMP sessions are factors influencing participants’ adherence. A lack of transportation and lunch money also contributed to non-adherence to sessions.Conclusion: A lack of knowledge of the importance of adherence to GMP sessions, long waiting hours and inconsistent availability of GMP services at facilities contributed enormously to non-adherence. Therefore, the Department of Health must ensure consistent availability of GMP services to demonstrate the importance and enable adherence. Healthcare facilities should reduce waiting hours to minimise the need for lunch money, and service delivery audits should be conducted to identify other factors contributing to non-adherence to address these.Contribution: Primary health care providers should conduct service delivery audits and internal surveys to identify factors that contribute to non-adherence in order to introduce measures to address them.
Experiences of patients with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in the North West province, South Africa
Authors: Mboweni Sheillah H. , Risenga Patrone R. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Patients with chronic diseases (PWCDs) were severely affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as they were prevented from making the necessary visits to health facilities for medical review and to collect their medication. The emergence of the health crisis and inadequate access to quality care affected chronic care management. The perspectives of PWCDs are not known, and therefore the research on which this paper is based sought to investigate the lived experiences of these patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A qualitative phenomenological design was used to obtain the lived experiences of PWCDs identified for participation in the study by means of purposive sampling. Patients’ experiences were obtained during individual structured interviews, and a checklist was used to gather patient characteristics from their files.Results: Three themes emerged from the study findings, namely poor healthcare services, the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic had devastating effects on PWCDs, in that they experienced barriers to accessing quality chronic care services and suffered psychological and financial difficulties that affected their health, life, needs and expectations.Conclusion: Policymakers should consider PWCDs when responding to a public health concern in the future.Contribution: The study findings may have an impact on future policies regulating the management of chronic diseases during epidemics, in order to improve patient health outcomes and satisfaction with healthcare services and the chronic care model based on the experiences of PWCDs.
A review of the presentations and treatment of oral pigmentation.
Authors: Okoh Mercy , Okoh Dickson S 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundOral pigmentation can be either normal or abnormal discolouration of the oral mucosa.
Objective: To help clinicians establish a better approach towards the care of patients with pigmented oral lesions and to establish early diagnosis and treatment of such conditions.
Data source: Works of literature concerning oral pigmentations, clinical features and treatment were reviewed thoroughly from renowned electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library and personal clinical experience in managing such conditions. The following words were used for the search: oral pigmentation, aetiology, and clinical presentations.
Findings: Oral pigmentation presents in various clinical patterns that can range from just physiologic changes to oral manifestations of systemic diseases and malignancies. Oral pigmentation may be physiological or pathological. Knowledge of the different presentations of oral pigmented lesions is quite crucial to improve and mastering the skill of differential diagnosis, definitive diagnosis and prompt treatment. The deposition of pigments in oral tissues may be due to various etiological factors. It can arise from intrinsic and extrinsic factors and can be physiological or pathological.
Conclusion: A good understanding of the various presentations of oral pigmented lesions would aid in the proper diagnosis and treatment of the condition.
Alison, Archibald (1757–1839)
Authors: Townsend Dabney 
Published: March 2023

Article Summary
Archibald Alison was born in Edinburgh but was educated at Baliol College Oxford and ordained in the Church of England. He returned to Edinburgh as an Anglican clergyman where he served until his death. In addition to his ecclesiastical writings, he published a collection of essays, Essays on the Nature and Principles of Taste (1790), the same year as Immanuel Kant’s Third Critique (see Kant, Immanuel (1784–1804)), but it became popular only after a second edition appeared in 1811. He abandoned the sense theories of earlier eighteenth-century aesthetic theory that been developed by Francis Hutcheson (1725), David Hume (1739, 1757), Alexander Gerard (1759, 1774) and others. Instead, he advanced an aesthetic theory based on imagination and expressive properties produced by association.
Counter-terrorism, ethics of
Authors: Taylor Isaac 
Published: March 2023

Counterterrorist efforts by states are sometimes thought to be subject to different moral principles than superficially similar practices. For example, while the search for peaceful solutions is normally taken to be a moral imperative for those involved in armed conflicts, politicians sometimes make statements like ‘we do not negotiate with terrorists’, thereby denying the applicability of the imperative in conflicts involving terrorist groups. In order to see whether this sort of view is justified, we need to be clear about what we mean when we talk about terrorism. Both normative elements (which explain how terrorism is morally distinct from other sorts of harmful actions) and descriptive elements (which explain how terrorist groups differ sociologically from other groups) may be significant in thinking about what moral limits should be maintained when combating terrorism.
Three state institutions that are often involved in counterterrorist activities are the military, the police, and the criminal justice system. The actions of all three raise significant ethical questions that have been the subject of debate. When militaries use deadly force against terrorists, we need to determine whether their actions are best understood as acts of war (and therefore subject to principles of just war theory or something similar) or policing operations (subject to different requirements). When the police pursue terrorists, the question of whether set-backs to liberty are justified by increases in security looms large. Finally, in the criminal justice system, issues concerning what rights should be granted to terrorist suspects in custody, and how terrorism should be punished, need to be considered in light of many governments’ policies in this area.
Artistic expression
Authors: Davies Stephen 
Published: March 2023

Article Summary
Many kinds of psychological state can be expressed in or by works of art. But it is the artistic expression of emotion that has figured most prominently in philosophical discussions of art. Emotion is expressed in pictorial, literary, and other representational works of art by the characters who are depicted or in other ways presented in the works. We often identify the emotions of such characters in much the same way as we ordinarily identify the emotions of others, but we might also have special knowledge of a character’s emotional state, through direct access to their thoughts, for instance.
A central case of the expression of emotion by works of art is the expression of emotion by a purely musical work. What is the source of the emotion expressed by a piece of music? While art engages its audience, often calling forth an emotional response, its expressiveness does not consist in this power. It is not because an art work tends to make us feel sad, for instance, that we call it sad; rather, we react as we do because sadness is present in it. And while artists usually contrive the expressiveness of their art works, sometimes expressing their own emotions in doing so, their success in the former activity does not depend on their doing the latter. Moreover, the expressiveness achieved has an immediacy and transparency, like that of genuine tears, apparently at odds with this sophisticated, controlled form of self-expression. It is because art presents emotion with simple directness that it can be a vehicle for self-expression, not vice versa. But if emotions are the experiences of sentient beings, to whom do those expressed in art belong if not to the artist or audience? Perhaps they are those of a fictional persona. We may imagine personae who undergo the emotions expressed in art, but it is not plain that we must do so to become aware of that expressiveness, for it is arguable that art works present appearances of emotions, as do masks, willow trees, and the like, rather than outward signs of occurrent feelings. Expressiveness is valuable because it helps us to understand emotions in general while contributing to the formation of an aesthetically satisfying whole.
Disgust
Authors: Korsmeyer Carolyn 
Published: March 2023

Article Summary
Disgust is an aversive emotion with a marked visceral character that prompts one to recoil from objects that are foul, decaying, infectious, or corrupted. In its strongest forms, disgust can lead to nausea and vomiting. It also has milder versions, such as queasiness and distaste. Although the specific target objects of disgust vary from culture to culture, the general categories that arouse this form of aversion are common. They include bodily products such as faeces and pus, rot, decay, and putrefaction, blood and mutilation; signs of recent death when an organic object has begun to decompose.
The sensory foundation of this emotion is strong. Decomposition of organic materials such as spoiled foods and rotting corpses releases foul-smelling gases, and so disgust is immediately triggered by noxious smells and tastes. Sight and touch can also prompt the emotion, as with a squirming nest of maggots or slime that sticks to fingers. Hearing has a somewhat more limited scope for disgust.
Because of its strong sensory sensitivity, many theorists surmise that so-called core or material disgust may have evolved as a protective mechanism to ward against eating rotten foods or poisons, or coming in contact with infections. Disgust has migrated to the moral realm too as an emphatic expression of disapprobation, especially when directed to an action that involves physical violation. Whether moral disgust is a true case of the emotion or rather a strong metaphor for negative moral judgement remains a point of dispute.
Although fundamentally a response of repulsion, in some circumstances, disgust also exerts an odd attraction. It can prompt curiosity and challenge, as with the urge to discover what happens to a body upon death, or the dare to eat something initially revolting. Perhaps the most common deliberate arousal of disgust occurs in art forms, especially horror movies. The attraction of things that disgust in art is a paradox that philosophers have long investigated.
PENGARUH PROMOSI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA ALUMNI INSTRUMENTASI BANDUNG DI LINGKUNGAN PERUSAHAAN KOTA CILEGON
Authors: Pancasasti Ranthy Pancasasti , Putra Yopi Ilham Akbar , Surifah Ade , Pratama Kemas Evian Bagus 
Published: March 2023

Kinerja adalah hasil kerja secara kualitas dan kuantitas yang dapat dicapai oleh seorang karyawan dalam melaksanakan tugas pokok dan fungsinya sebagai karyawan sesuai dengan tanggung jawab yang dibebankan atau diberikan kepadanya. Dalam hal ini diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan kinerja dari seorang karyawan agar keberlangsungan perusahaan terus berjalan dengan baik. Promosi dan motivasi merupakan beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh promosi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Keterbaharuan dalam penelitian ini adalah belum diketemukan penelitian sebelumnya yang membahas mengenai promosi, motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan pada alumni instrumentasi bandung yang bekerja di lingkungan perusahaan kota Cilegon. Batasan dalam penelitian ini hanya untuk melakukan analisis besarnya pengaruh promosi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan pada alumni instrumentasi Bandung yang bekerja di lingkungan perusahaan kota Cilegon. Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan alat bantuan kuesioner dengan skala ordinal 10 poin dan teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara simple random sampling. Jumlah sampel yang dipergunakan sebanyak 30 buah untuk menguji tiga (3) hipotesis yang telah ditetapkan. Model Structural Equation Modeling dipergunakan untuk menguji signifikansi statistik koefisien jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa promosi berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, motivasi berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dan promosi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi.
Emotional state and its impact on sleep quality in middle-aged and elderly people
Authors: Alijošiūtė Eliana , Mikaliūkštienė Aldona 
Published: March 2023

Sleep quality is a key determinant of good health, and its importance cannot be overlooked among middle-aged and elderly people, given that sleep disturbances and difficulty falling asleep become more common with age, which affects the emotional well-being and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly people. Evidence shows that while the need for sleep remains the same throughout a person's life, the ability to get enough sleep decreases with age.
The aim of this paper is to review and present recent literature on the emotional state of middle-aged and elderly people and its impact on sleep quality.
Methods – systematic literature review of PubMed and Google Scholar databases on the emotional state of middle-aged and elderly people and its impact on sleep quality.
Results and conclusions. 9 articles were included in the systematic review. The studies show that worsening emotional state, symptoms of depression, anxiety and grief lead to poorer sleep quality and, conversely, that poor sleep quality can contribute to the development of these emotional conditions.
Sejarah Penulisan dan Pembukuan Al-Qur’an
Authors: Maulidya Anisa , Fauzi Mhd. Armawi 
Published: March 2023

Al-Qur'an is an Islamic holy book that was given to Nabi Muhammad by Allah as the primary guide for his life. When the Qur'an was reintroduced, the number of people who could read and write it was limited, and the medium of writing was also limited, so the Qur'an was only read by the people.. Then, when did the completion of the Qur'an and its publication become the Kitab that Muslims today use? The purpose of this research is to analyze the history of the Quran and its publication. The current study makes use of a quantitative methodology for research done in libraries as well as other types of quantitative research. Data for the study was compiled from books and journals related to the Qur'an. a data collection technique involving the collection of literature or raw materials related to research. The results of this study show that there are three periods in the history of the Qur'an, namely the periods of Rasulullah, Abu Bakr, and Utsman, during which improvements were made to make it easier for Muslims to read the Qur'an.
Keyword: History, Qur’anic Writing, Qur’anic Publication.
Integrasi Nilai-Nilai Islam Dalam Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di SMP Al-Hidayah Medan
Authors: Darmina Dika , Sitorus Masganti , Perkasa Ripho Delzy 
Published: March 2023

The objectives of this study were: (1) to find out social studies learning plans that are integrated with Islamic values, (2) to find out the teacher's strategy in the teaching and learning process of social studies learning that is integrated with Islamic values, (3) to find out the supporng factors and obstacles to the integration of Islamic values in social studies learning at SMP Al-Hidayah Medan. This study uses a qualitative approach, with a phenomenological approach. Collecting research data using interview techniques, observation and documentation. Informants in this study included school principals, student affairs, social studies subject teachers and students of SMP Al-Hidayah Medan. After the data is processed then it is analyzed by data reductiondata presentation, data verification and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that: (1) the social studies learning plan used by SMP Al-Hidayah Medan teachers is in the form of lesson plans that have been integrated with Islamic values, and supported by superior programs in schools with Islamic nuances (2) The strategy used teachers of SMP Al-Hidayah Medan in integrating Islamic values into social studies subjects using problem-based learning strategies or problem-based learning which is a strategy model that can foster student creativity in solving social problems (3) there are several supporting factors in the application of the integration of Islamic values in social studies learning, namely: situations and conditions of the learning environment that are characteristic of Islam, adequate facilities and teacher understanding in the field of religion. As well as there are also factors inhibiting the integration of Islamic values in social studies learning, namely: differences in student characteristics and the feeling of boredom or boredom experienced by students due to dense learning.n service to the public and website visitors related to the North Sumatra Education Office.
Keywords: Integration, Islamic Values, Social Studies
Implementasi Sistem Pembagian Tugas pada Satuan Pendidikan
Authors: Syukri Makmur , Facruddin Facruddin , Tambak Sonia Purba , Khairani Khairani , Hasiholan Ahmad Paruqi 
Published: March 2023

The implementation of tasks in the education unit is considered very important in order to achieve the specified targets. The implementation of tasks is given to systems that are considered capable of carrying them out. The purpose of this study is to analyze the system of task distribution in educational units in islamic boarding schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques include interviews with key informants, observations, reference tracing and documentation. Data analysis in this study using data reduction, data presentation (data display), and conclusion drawing by taking into account data validity standards. The results of this research show that the division of tasks in the education unit must be in accordance with professional individuals with the meaning in accordance with their respective expertise / fields. This aims to avoid neglecting the tasks carried out because they cannot be done optimally.
Keywords: Education; Boarding; System; Assignment
Efektivitas Implementasi Kebijakan Earmarking Tax di Indonesia
Authors: Fransiscus Raymond , Siahaan Albert 
Published: March 2023

Latar belakang: Indonesia merupakan negara kesatuan dengan praktik desentralisasi yang dicirikan oleh mekanisme otonomi daerah. Mekanisme tersebut termaktub dalam Pasal 18 ayat (2) UUD 1945, yang dilanjutkan pada Pasal 1 angka 2 UU No. 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Mekanisme tersebut mengalihkan tanggung jawab dan wewenang kepada setiap daerah otonom untuk mengurus pemerintahan daerahnya sendiri, termasuk pula anggaran pendapatan dan belanja daerah (APBD). Maka dari itu, guna mencapai efisiensi anggaran daerah, pemerintah menerapkan salah satu kebijakan yang dikenal dengan istilah earmarking tax. Oleh karena itu, topik yang akan ditelaah pada artikel ini adalah bagaimana efektivitas implementasi earmarking tax di Indonesia.
Metode penelitian: Dalam rangka menyelesaikan rumusan masalah yang telah dibatasi, maka metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan (library research). Sumber bahan hukum yang dipergunakan berupa bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Bahan hukum primer terdiri dari UUD 1945 dan UU No. 28 Tahun 2009 tentang Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah. Sedangkan, bahan hukum sekunder diperoleh melalui karya-karya ilmiah, internet, dan jurnal yang dapat mendukung penelitian ini.
Hasil penelitian: Kebijakan earmarking tax pada dasarnya sudah diterapkan di Indonesia. Namun, efektivitas penerapan earmarking tax tampaknya masih dipertanyakan sebab hingga saat ini pelaksanaan alokasi pendapatan daerah belum diawasi atau dievaluasi. Hal ini mengakibatkan terjadinya peruntukkan dana yang tidak tampak jelas dan tidak tepat sasaran, serta menimbulkan potensi terjadinya penyalahgunaan dana atau praktik korupsi oleh pemerintah daerah.
A Case of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Resolved by Pulsatilla
Authors: Gupta Girish 
Published: March 2023

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders among women of reproductive age and a leading cause of female infertility. A case successfully treated by homoeopathy is presented here to acquaint the homoeopathic physicians about the efficacy of homoeopathic medicine selected on individualistic basis in the treatment of PCOS.