bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between the levels of circulating inflammatory adipokines and the risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese male individuals: A case–control study
Authors: Sun Xia , Qiu Wei‐Wen , Wu Jing , Ding Shi‐Ling , Wu Rong‐Zhen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhether the levels of circulating inflammatory adipokines affect the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between circulating inflammatory adipokine levels and risk of T2D.MethodsThis case–control study involved 130 individuals consisting of 66 healthy controls (Control group) and 64 patients with T2D (T2D group) in Lishui Municipal Central Hospital from January 2017 to June 2017. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the associations between circulating inflammatory adipokine levels and the risk of T2D.ResultsThere were significant differences in the levels of adiponectin (p = 0.013) and visfatin (p < 0.001) between the T2D and Control groups. In contrast, no significant differences in leptin (p = 0.113), TNF‐α (p = 0.632), and IL‐6 (p = 0.156) levels were found between the groups. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that elevated visfatin level was associated with an increased risk of T2D (OR: 3.543; 95% CI: 1.771–7.088;p < 0.001), while adiponectin (OR: 1.946; 95% CI: 0.925–4.094;p = 0.079), leptin (OR: 3.723; 95% CI: 0.788–17.583;p = 0.097), TNF‐α (OR: 1.081; 95% CI: 0.911–1.281;p = 0.373), and IL‐6 (OR: 0.878; 95% CI: 0.657–1.173;p = 0.379) were not associated with the risk of T2D.ConclusionsThis study found elevated visfatin levels are associated with an increased risk of T2D, while adiponectin, leptin, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 are not. These findings should be further verified by a large‐scale prospective study.
Low serum level of citrullinated histone H3 in patients with dermatomyositis
Authors: Wang Wei , Peng Wanchan , Wu Siyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed at analyzing the serum levels of citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and their association with disease activity.MethodsSerum CitH3 levels were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays in serum samples obtained from 93 DM patients and 56 healthy controls (HCs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the discriminant capacity of CitH3 and other disease variables. The association between CitH3 and disease variables was analyzed using Pearson's rank correlation.ResultsSerum CitH3 level was significantly lower in DM patients than in HCs (p < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis revealed that CitH3 strongly discriminated DM patients from HCs (area under the curve [AUC], 0.86), and a combination of CitH3 and the ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte counts (NLR) showed a greater diagnostic value (AUC, 0.92). Serum CitH3 levels were markedly lower in DM patients with normal muscle enzyme levels than in HCs (all p < 0.001), and when compared to an elevated group, the CitH3 levels were comparable (all p > 0.05). The CitH3 levels showed no difference between DM in active and remission groups. However, in a paired test with 18 hospitalized DM patients, the CitH3 levels were higher in remission state than in active state. Moreover, the CitH3 levels showed no correlation with disease variables that were associated with the disease activity of DM.ConclusionsSerum CitH3 level may serve as a useful biochemical marker for screening patients with DM from HCs, while its role in monitoring DM disease activity requires further research.
Regenerative MRL/MpJ tendon cells exhibit sex differences in morphology, proliferation, mechanosensitivity, and cell–ECM organization
Authors: Marvin Jason C. , Brakewood Molly E. , Poon Mong L. S. , Andarawis‐Puri Nelly 
Published: April 2023

AbstractClinical and animal studies have reported the influence of sex on the incidence and progression of tendinopathy, which results in disparate structural and biomechanical outcomes. However, there remains a paucity in our understanding of the sex‐specific biological mechanisms underlying effective tendon healing. To overcome this hurdle, our group has investigated the impact of sex on tendon regeneration using the super‐healer Murphy Roths Large (MRL/MpJ) mouse strain. We have previously shown that the scarless healing capacity of MRL/MpJ patellar tendons is associated with sexually dimorphic regulation of gene expression for pathways involved in fibrosis, cell migration, adhesion, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling following an acute mid‐substance injury. Thus, we hypothesized that MRL/MpJ scarless tendon healing is mediated by sex‐specific and temporally distinct orchestration of cell–ECM interactions. Accordingly, the present study comparatively evaluated MRL/MpJ tendon cells on two‐dimensional (2D; glass) and scaffold platforms to examine cell behavior under biochemical and topographical cues associated with tendon homeostasis and healing. Female MRL/MpJ cells showed reduced 2D migration and spreading area accompanied by enhanced mechanosensing, ECM alignment, and fibronectin‐mediated cell proliferation compared to male MRL/MpJ cells. Interestingly, female MRL/MpJ cells cultured on isotropic scaffolds showed diminished cell–ECM organization compared to male MRL/MpJ cells. Lastly, MRL/MpJ cells elicited enhanced cytoskeletal elongation and alignment, ECM deposition and organization, and connexin 43‐mediated intercellular communication compared to male B6 cells, regardless of culture condition or sex. These results provide insight into the cellular features conserved within the MRL/MpJ phenotype and potential sex‐specific targets for the development of more equitable therapeutics.
Application of TEMPO‐Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils/Lanthanide Hybrid Materials TOCN/Eu(III) as Luminescent Sensor
Authors: Cao Hui , Jia Lingyun , Liu Wenli , Liu Pengtao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study prepares lanthanide rare earth ion‐doped optical materials TOCN/Eu(III) based on the simple blending reaction of TEMPO‐oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN) with trivalent lanthanide ions (Eu3+). The carboxyl groups on the surface of TOCN are adopted to generate solid ionic bonds with rare earth ions (Eu3+) so that TOCN/Eu(III) emits solid red light under UV irradiation. TOCN/Eu(III) composites are synthesized and proved to selectively detect Fe3+. This finding suggests that the cellulose‐based lanthanide hybrid material, TOCN/Eu(III), holds promising application potential as a fluorescent probe for the selective detection of Fe3+ ions.
The roles of type 1 and type 2 taste receptors in bone remodeling: A literature review
Authors: Nasrun Nisrina Ekayani , Tanimura Akihiko , Shimo Tsuyoshi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTaste sensitivity in humans varies due to quantitative and qualitative differences in the structure of the sense‐perception organs. Taste perception is caused by the interaction of peripheral chemosensory organs, transmitted from the taste receptors of the taste buds on the tongue to the brain. Interestingly, taste receptors, which are classified into four types, are not only found in the oral cavity; they are also present at extraoral sites. Taste receptor type 1 (TAS1R) and type 2 (TAS2R) regulate bone remodeling. This review focuses on the effects of TAS1R1, TAS2R, TAS1R2, and TAS1R3, all of which belong to the family of G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) related to bone remodeling. A summary of the clinical evidence that taste receptors play an essential role in bone remodeling is also provided.
S1 reduction of 4D $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 3 SCFTs and squashing independence of ABJM theories
Authors: Nakanishi Tomoki , Nishinaka Takahiro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study the compactification of 4D $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 3 superconformal field theories (SCFTs) on S1, focusing on the relation between the 4D superconformal index and 3D partition function on the squashed sphere $$ {S}_b^3 $$

S
b
3

. Since the center $$ \mathfrak{u} $$
u
(1) of the $$ \mathfrak{u} $$
u
(3) R-symmetry of the 4D theory can mix with an $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 6 abelian flavor symmetry in three dimensions, the precise 4D/3D relation for the global symmetry is not obvious. Focusing on the case in which the 3D theory is the ABJM theory, we demonstrate that the above R-symmetry mixing can be precisely identified by considering the Schur limit (and/or its $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 3 cousin) of the 4D index. As a result, we generalize to the ABJM theories recent discussions on the connection between supersymmetry enhancement of the 4D index and squashing independence of the $$ {S}_b^3 $$

S
b
3

partition function.
Finding globally optimal arrangements of multiple point loads in structural design using a single FEA
Authors: Lee Ting-Uei , Xie Yi Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany structures around us are designed to carry point loads. Such structures are typically sensitive to load arrangements, including load locations, magnitudes, and directions; a slight change in these ingredients could significantly affect the structural response. Therefore, knowing the extremal load arrangements to achieve the best and worst structural performance holds great potential to maximize structural efficiency and avoid structural failure, respectively. Existing studies have attempted to optimize load conditions using iterative optimization algorithms. However, they cannot always guarantee to find the global optimum and may instead obtain the local optima. In this study, we propose a new method, the single FEA method, that can effectively and efficiently find the extremal load conditions of a given structure. The new method considers all possible arrangements of prescribed loads without needing to create and analyze the corresponding finite element models. This is achieved by utilizing a single finite element analysis (FEA) with multiple load cases, where each load case has a unit load applied at one of the candidate load locations. Using the proposed method, we can quickly obtain the extremal load arrangements of the structure to produce the best and worst stiffness performance. A variety of 2D and 3D examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and wide applicability of the new method.
Syphilis screening coverage and positivity by HIV treatment status among South African pregnant women enrolled in the 2019 antenatal HIV sentinel survey
Authors: Kufa Tendesayi , Woldesenbet Selamawit , Cheyip Mireille , Ayalew Kassahun , Kularatne Ranmini , Manda Samuel , Lombard Carl , Puren Adrian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe describe coverage of maternal syphilis screening, syphilis positivity, coverage of treatment and their association with maternal HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment (ART) status among pregnant women attending South African antenatal clinics. The 2019 antenatal care sentinel survey was a cross-sectional survey conducted from 1 October to 15 November 2019 at 1589 sentinel sites in all nine provinces of the country and aimed to enrol 36,000 pregnant women ages 15–49 years regardless of HIV, ART or syphilis status. Data collection procedures included obtaining written informed consent, a brief interview, medical record review and blood specimen collection. Completed data collection forms and specimens were sent to designated regional laboratories for data capture and HIV serology testing. Data analysis determined four outcomes i) syphilis screening coverage ii) syphilis positivity iii) coverage of any treatment and iv) with Benzathine penicillin G (BPG). Multivariable logistic regression models with or without interaction between HIV infection and ART status with province were used to determine factors associated with syphilis positivity. Of the 41 598 women enrolled, 35 900 were included in the analysis for syphilis screening coverage. The weighted syphilis screening coverage was 96.4% [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 95.9–96.7%] nationally and was lowest among HIV positive women not on ART at 93.5% (95% CI 92.2–94.5%). Syphilis positivity was 2.6% (95% CI 2.4–2.9%) nationally. Among those who were syphilis positive, 91.9% (95% CI 89.8–93.7%) had documentation of syphilis treatment status, of whom 92.0% (95% CI 89.8–93.9%) were treated, with the majority treated with one or more doses of BPG [92.2% (95% CI 89.8–94.3%)]. HIV-positive women, not on ART [adjusted odd ratio (aOR) 2.24 (95% 1.71–2.93)] and those on ART [aOR 2.25 (95% CI 1.91–2.64)] were more likely to be syphilis positive compared to those who were HIV negative. The national syphilis screening coverage met the global screening target of 95%. Syphilis positivity was higher among HIV positive women compared to negative women. Introduction of rapid syphilis testing and ensuring a universal supply of appropriate treatment for syphilis will reduce the likelihood of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis.
Congenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation promotes survival of heart allografts in murine models of acute and chronic rejection
Authors: Sadozai Hassan , Rojas-Luengas Vanessa , Farrokhi Kaveh , Moshkelgosha Sajad , Guo Qinli , He Wei , Li Angela , Zhang Jianhua , Chua Conan , Ferri Dario , Mian Muhtashim , Adeyi Oyedele , Seidman Michael , Gorczynski Reginald M , Juvet Stephen , Atkins Harold , Levy Gary A , Chruscinski Andrzej 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The ability to induce tolerance would be a major advance in the field of solid organ transplantation. Here, we investigated whether autologous (congenic) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) could promote tolerance to heart allografts in mice. In an acute rejection model, fully MHC-mismatched BALB/c hearts were heterotopically transplanted into C57BL/6 (CD45.2) mice. One week later, recipient mice were lethally irradiated and reconstituted with congenic B6 CD45.1 Lin−Sca1+ckit+ cells. Recipient mice received a 14-day course of rapamycin both to prevent rejection and to expand regulatory T cells (Tregs). Heart allografts in both untreated and rapamycin-treated recipients that did not undergo HSCT were rejected within 33 days (median survival time = 8 days for untreated recipients, median survival time = 32 days for rapamycin-treated recipients), whereas allografts in HSCT-treated recipients had a median survival time of 55 days (P &lt; 0.001 vs. both untreated and rapamycin-treated recipients). Enhanced allograft survival following HSCT was associated with increased intragraft Foxp3+ Tregs, reduced intragraft B cells, and reduced serum donor-specific antibodies. In a chronic rejection model, Bm12 hearts were transplanted into C57BL/6 (CD45.2) mice, and congenic HSCT was performed two weeks following heart transplantation. HSCT led to enhanced survival of allografts (median survival time = 70 days vs. median survival time = 28 days in untreated recipients, P &lt; 0.01). Increased allograft survival post-HSCT was associated with prevention of autoantibody development and absence of vasculopathy. These data support the concept that autologous HSCT can promote immune tolerance in the setting of allotransplantation. Further studies to optimize HSCT protocols should be performed before this procedure is adopted clinically.
Vaccine attributes and vaccine uptake in Hungary: evidence from a conjoint experiment
Authors: Thompson Jack , Stöckli Sabrina , Spälti Anna Katharina , Phillips Joseph , Stoeckel Florian , Barnfield Matthew , Lyons Benjamin , Mérola Vittorio , Szewach Paula , Reifler Jason 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
In an ongoing public health crisis, the question of why some people are unwilling to take vaccines with particular attributes is an especially pertinent one, since low rates of vaccination mean that it will take longer for many nations to exit the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods
In this article, we conduct a pre-registered conjoint experiment in Hungary (N = 2512), where respondents were asked about their attitudes towards hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines whose characteristics varied across a number of attributes.

Results
Results indicate that vaccine attributes matter for the likelihood of uptake when it comes to the prevalence of severe side effects, efficacy and country of origin. Moreover, we find that our pre-treatment measure of institutional trust moderates the effect of our treatment, as differences in vaccine attributes are larger for those with robust levels of institutional trust compared to those with weaker levels.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that institutional trust matters when it comes to understanding the relationship between vaccine attributes and likelihood of uptake.
Novel temperature test method for aroma and filter materials
Authors: Qian Hong , Wu Kao , Cheng Yuhang , Li Chong , Wang Juan , Jiang Fatang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA good aromatherapy experience of an incense stick with filter material depended heavily on the barrier effect of the filter material particles and the comfort temperature of the aroma. The lack of accurate methods to determine the aroma temperature greatly hindered the quality control and product development of aromatherapy. In this study, a novel method was proposed to measure the temperature of the filter material and aroma with an negative temperature coefficient thermistor and a needle thermocouple. The experimental results showed that the measurement accuracy of this method was up to ±0.01°C, and the surface temperature distribution of the filter media and the extracted aroma temperature can be obtained quickly and accurately. It was found that under the two different heating methods, the aroma temperature produced by heating non-combustion was significantly higher than that produced by the non-flaming combustion. Different aroma delivery intervals also had significant effects on the aroma. This paper showed that this novel method could contribute to quality evaluation of filter sticks for aromatherapy products.
Development of hybrid super-capacitor and lead-acid battery power storage systems
Authors: Gu Guangyue , Lao Youliang , Ji Yaxiong , Yuan Shasha , Liu Haijing , Du Peng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBecause the electricity storage of renewable energy is irregular, the battery in this system will be impacted by current. This will also have a negative impact on the battery life, increase the project cost and lead to pollute the environment. This study proposes a method to improve battery life: the hybrid energy storage system of super-capacitor and lead-acid battery is the key to solve these problems.
Daily consumption monitoring method of photovoltaic microgrid based on genetic wavelet neural network
Authors: Wang ShuMing , Yuan XiaoHui , Huang Qian , Chen AnQing , Ma HanBin , Xu Xiang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In order to comprehensively monitor the daily consumption of photovoltaic power and power generation of photovoltaic microgrid, a daily consumption monitoring method of photovoltaic microgrid based on genetic wavelet neural network is proposed to reduce the relative error of daily consumption monitoring. Considering the power generation forms of various units such as wind power, thermal power, hydropower and photovoltaic power generation, the upper and lower limits of daily consumption of different units and the constraints of consumption calculation are analyzed to obtain the daily consumption of photovoltaic microgrid. On this basis, the daily consumption monitoring model of photovoltaic microgrid including multiple inputs and outputs is constructed by using Morlet wavelet function, and the power generation is calculated by wavelet neural network. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize the individual fitness of wavelet neural network through the training of the number of wavelet bases and related thresholds and weights, and to normalize the optimal individual fitness to realize the daily consumption monitoring of photovoltaic microgrid. The experiment shows that this method can monitor the actual photovoltaic power in sunny weather, and after 12 o’clock, the photovoltaic power gradually drops below 30 kW. In cloudy weather, the actual photovoltaic power reaches its peak at around 12 o’clock, ~45–50 kW, and drops to about 10 kW at 17 o’clock. And the power generation in cloudy days is relatively low, and the power generation in rainy days is the lowest. When the relative humidity is 30%, the power generation increases rapidly and keeps at 8 kWh. When the relative humidity is 50%, the power generation gradually drops to 2 kWh. When the temperature is 20°C, the maximum radiation intensity is about 0.6 kW m2. When the temperature is 30°C, the maximum radiation intensity is greater than 0.8 kW m2. At 11:00 and 12:00, the power generation error is 0.02 kWh. In order to improve the monitoring accuracy of photovoltaic power and daily power generation of photovoltaic microgrid in different environments.
‘Social glands’ in parasitoids? – convergent evolution of metapleural glands in Hymenoptera
Authors: Ulmer Jonah M , Mikó István , Richter Adrian , Helms Anjel , van de Kamp Thomas , Krogmann Lars 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor over a century, the metapleural gland, an exocrine gland above the hind coxa, has been thought to be a unique structure for ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), and regarded as a catalyst for the ecological and evolutionary success of the family. This gland is one of the most researched exocrine glands in arthropods and its anatomy, ultrastructure, and chemistry are well documented. Herein, we describe an exocrine gland from the proctotrupoid wasp Pelecinus polyturator (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae) with a similar position, structure, and chemistry to the ant metapleural gland: it is located just above the hind coxa, corresponds to an externally concave and fenestrated atrium, is composed of class 3 gland cells, and its extract contains relatively strong acids. We discover that the pelecinid gland is associated with the dilator muscle of the first abdominal spiracle, a trait that is shared with ants, but remained overlooked, possibly due to its small diameter, or obfuscation by the extensive metapleural gland. We also provide a biomechanical argument for passive emptying of the gland in both taxa. Pelecinids and ants with metapleural glands share a close association with soil. The pelecinid metapleural gland might therefore also have an antiseptic function as suggested for ants. We examined 44 other Hymenoptera families and found no glands associated with the oclusor apodeme or any signs of external modification. Our results strongly indicate that this complex trait (anatomical & chemical) evolved independently in ants and pelecinid wasps providing an exceptional system to better understand exocrine gland evolution in Hymenoptera.