bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal association between drops in thoracic impedance and malignant ventricular arrhythmia: A longitudinal analysis of remote monitoring trends
Authors: Rodio Giovanna , Iacopino Saverio , Pisanò Ennio C. , Calvi Valeria , Rovaris Giovanni , Marini Massimiliano , Giammaria Massimo , Caravati Fabrizio , Maglia Giampiero , Zanotto Gabriele , Della Bella Paolo , Biffi Mauro , Curnis Antonio , Maines Massimiliano , Orsida Daniela , Santamaria Matteo , Bisignani Giovanni , Baroni Matteo , Lissoni Fabio , Duca Antonio , Forleo Giovanni B. , Piemontese Carlo , De Salvia Alberto , Miracapillo Gennaro , Celentano Eduardo , Zecchin Massimo , Luzzi Giovanni , Giacopelli Daniele , Gargaro Alessio , D'Onofrio Antonio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThoracic impedance (TI) drops measured by implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) have been reported to correlate with ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF). The aim of our study was to assess the temporal association of decreasing TI trends with VT/VF episodes through a longitudinal analysis of daily remote monitoring data from ICDs and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT‐Ds).Methods and ResultsRetrospective data from 2384 patients were randomized 1:1 into a derivation or validation cohort. The TI decrease rate was defined as the percentage of rolling weeks with a continuously decreasing TI trend. The derivation cohort was used to determine a TI decrease rate threshold for a ≥99% specificity of arrhythmia prediction. The associated risk of VT/VF episodes was estimated in the validation cohort by dividing the available follow‐up into 60‐day assessment intervals. Analyses were performed separately for 1354 ICD and 1030 CRT‐D patients. During a median follow‐up of 2.0 years, 727 patients (30.4%) experienced 3298 confirmed VT/VF episodes. In the ICD group, a TI decrease rate of >60% was associated with a higher risk of VT/VF episode in a 60‐day assessment interval (stratified hazard ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–1.92; p = .023). The TI decrease preceded (40.8%) or followed (59.2%) the VT/VF episodes. In the CRT‐D group, no association between TI decrease and VT/VF episodes was observed (p = .84).ConclusionIn our longitudinal analysis, TI decrease was associated with VT/VF episodes only in ICD patients. Preventive interventions may be difficult since episodes can occur before or after TI decrease.
Genomics‐driven prophylactic measures to increase streptococcosis resistance in tilapia
Authors: Kayansamruaj Pattanapon , Dinh‐Hung Nguyen , Srisapoome Prapansak , Na‐Nakorn Uthairat , Chatchaiphan Satid 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStreptococcosis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae and S. iniae is a significant problem that affects the success of tilapia aquaculture industries worldwide. In this critical review, we summarize the applicable practical strategies which may effectively enhance the world tilapia aquaculture development. Recently, the effect of vaccination and selective breeding programmes has been recognized as valuable tools to control the target disease and other consequent negative impacts caused by chemical and drug application. Advances in sequencing and molecular technologies are vital helpful factors with which to develop robust vaccines and increase the selective breeding programme's precision against streptococcosis. The genomic selection for streptococcosis‐resistant tilapia strains and crucial genomic application for genomics' contribution to the development of novel Streptococcus vaccine, comparative genomics approach identifying vaccine candidates by reverse vaccinology, and next‐generation vaccine design were described. Information from our review is encouraging for practical implementation of the development of vaccination and genomic selection in tilapia for streptococcosis resistance, which may be vital factors to sustain the world tilapia aquaculture industry effectively.
Potential processing technologies for utilization of millets: An updated comprehensive review
Authors: Dekka Srenuja , Paul Anjaly , Vidyalakshmi R. , Mahendran R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMillets are tiny grass‐seeded grains that hold major and minor nutrients and chief bioactive components. They are climate flexible and pest‐resistant grains, enhancing the crop system effectively. Millets are now gaining popularity due to their health‐promoting properties for end users. These nonacid‐forming grains are gluten‐free, stabilize blood sugar, lower cholesterol levels, inhibit human colon tumor growth, combat malnourished diseases, control overweight, and have other health‐promoting benefits. However, many food processing technologies are on hand to process millets into a broad array of value‐added products, but still, the implementation in the food processing industries is skimpy at the commercial level. There are many factors right from the farming stage, like unavailability of good quality seeds, suitable machinery, lack of technical knowledge, and the consumer's misconception of millet's sensory properties, all contribute to low demand in the market. However, considering millet's copious potentialities, the research on these grains is grasping the spotlight in the current era. Therefore, millets would greatly increase demand in the market and create boundless avenues to manufacture millet‐based foods on a commercial scale. Hence, the current article intends to comprehensively review millet processing technologies and bioprocessing approaches, including health benefits. In addition, it also highlighted the recent R & D innovations with millets and millet products in the global market, preservation constraints, and future challenges.Practical ApplicationsMillets are the neglected ancient grains of the world, although they are a treasure trove of nutrients and promote alluring health benefits. The current review analysis fosters various notions to bridge a gap between industrialist and consumers for the high‐level production and consumption of millets in various countries. The compiled information comprises deep insights into major food processing technologies for each millet and listed globally available millet‐based products. In addition, it provides the millet shelf‐life issues, which would be helpful for researchers to tackle these issues with millets in the future. The present study advises increasing the high‐value utilization of millet and millet‐based products at commercial scales. This article attracts scientists, industrialists, researchers, scholars, and budding entrepreneurs. Among all the cereals, millets are superior in the nutritional profile, sustainable production patterns, and friendlier to the farmers, planet, and consumers.
Browning inhibition and shelf life of packaged air‐dried chestnut kernels
Authors: Yu Wenjie , Wang Yi , Liu Yongguo , Wu Yanwen , Ouyang Jie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAir‐dried chestnut is a traditional snack in northern China, but no standardized quality control methods or commercial products are available. The browning of air‐dried chestnut kernels was inhibited by the combined use of 1.5% EDTA‐2Na, 1% pullulan, and 1% l‐cysteine. The air‐dried chestnut kernels were packed in three different bags (PB1, polyethylene (PE); PB2, polyamide resin (PA)/PE; and PB3, polyethylene terephthalate/PA/aluminum foil/PE), and stored at 4°C, 25°C, and 35°C, respectively. With increased storage time, the degree of browning, weight loss, and hardness increased, while the antioxidant activity and respiration rate decreased. The shelf life (SL) of packaged air‐dried chestnut kernels in different storage conditions was predicted by the Arrhenius equation, and the longest predicted shelf‐lives at 4°C, 25°C, and 35°C were 105.3 days (PB2), 19.5 days (PB3), and 10.8 days (PB1), respectively. The results provide guidance for inhibiting the browning of packaged air‐dried chestnut kernels and prolonging their SL during production and consumption.Practical applicationsAir‐dried chestnut has a crisp and sweet taste and low digestibility of starch, however, it has not been industrially processed until now. The optimal browning inhibitors and packaging materials of air‐dried chestnut kernel were explored, and the shelf life of packaged air‐dried chestnut kernel was predicted using Arrhenius equation. The results of this study will be beneficial to the commercial production of air‐dried chestnut kernel.
Extreme skew surge estimation combining systematic skew surges and historical record sea levels on the English Channel and North Sea coasts
Authors: Saint Criq Laurie , Gaume Eric , Hamdi Yasser , Ouarda Taha B. M. J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCoastal planning implies the estimation of extreme sea levels. As the distribution of astronomical high tides can be predicted, most recent publications suggest focusing on the estimation of extreme skew surges. Historical information, record sea levels observed before the beginning of systematic tide gauge recordings, can improve estimations. The corresponding skew surges can be estimated but are not necessarily exhaustive. Indeed, some historical extreme skew surges can remain unnoticed if they are combined with low or moderate tides, or for a variety of reasons. To deal with this exhaustiveness issue, a previous publication proposed an unbiased method for combining systematic period skew surges with historical period extreme sea levels. This method appeared more reliable than previously proposed approaches. The present study aims at presenting a broader evaluation of this method, based on its application to nine sites located on the English Channel and North Sea coasts. The method is also improved to consider several historical periods and various types of historical information. Results confirm the method to be reliable, useful, and relevant. A number of recommendations is also formulated for the selection and use of historical information for sea level frequency analyses.
School and family environments promote adolescents' financial confidence: Indirect paths to financial literacy skills in Finnish PISA 2018
Authors: Silinskas Gintautas , Ahonen Arto K. , Wilska Terhi‐Anna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the associations of adolescents' financial socialization factors—financial education in school and families—with financial confidence (i.e., confidence in using financial and digital financial services). In addition, we examine how financial socialization factors indirectly relate to financial literacy skills through financial confidence and the role of demographic factors (adolescent gender, grade level, parental education, family wealth) on financial socialization, financial confidence, and financial literacy scores. We used data on the 4328 Finnish 15‐year‐olds participating in the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). We measured financial literacy by cognitive test items and assessed financial socialization and financial confidence by adolescent questionnaires. First, the results showed that financial education in school positively predicted adolescents' confidence in using financial and digital financial services. Second, financial education at schools and in families indirectly predicted students' financial literacy through confidence in using digital financial services. Third, older adolescents were more exposed to financial education at school and in families, whereas adolescents from wealthier families and girls (vs. boys) were exposed to a more frequent discussion of financial matters with parents at home. Furthermore, the boys were more confident in using financial services than the girls, although the financial literacy score did not differ by gender; older adolescents were more confident in using financial services and achieved better financial literacy than younger ones. Finally, higher parental education in the family related to higher financial literacy but not to higher financial confidence, whereas family wealth was related to higher financial confidence but not financial literacy.
Gender wage transparency and the gender pay gap: A survey
Authors: Bennedsen Morten , Larsen Birthe , Wei Jiayi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe survey the literature on the effects of increased transparency of gender segregated wages on the pay gap between men and women in comparable jobs. Pay transparency is promoted by countries and supra‐national institutions and we categorize reforms according to their content and coverage. A growing number of papers have used variations of difference‐in‐difference estimation methods to analyze the impact of reforms on the gender pay gap (GPG), and from these we extract four main findings: First, reform‐based studies find that pay transparency reforms reduce the GPG in all countries but one, which finds no effect. Second, in Canada, Denmark and the UK, the reduction in the GPG from transparency reforms originate from a reduction in the growth rate of male income and less from an increase in women's pay. Third, there is fragmented evidence for the impact of transparency reforms on other labor outcomes and firm productivity. Fourth, the monetary implementation cost of transparency reforms is, in general, small both for individual firms and public administration. These finding are consistent with the notion that gender wage transparency reforms are an effective policy tool to reduce the GPG.
Prevalence and incidence of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0–14 years old in New Zealand in 2021
Authors: Wu Rachel , Burnside Mercedes , Davies Hannah , Jefferies Craig , Wheeler Benjamin , Paul Ryan , Wiltshire Esko , de Bock Martin , Williman Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

AimNational prevalence and incidence data are important for understanding population trends and allocating health‐care resources. We aimed to provide a current national snapshot of prevalence and annual incidence rates for children aged 0–14 with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Aotearoa New Zealand and to identify differences associated with demographic variables.MethodsPaediatric diabetes centres across Aotearoa were invited to record anonymised demographic and diabetes data on children under their services between 1 October 2020 and 30 September 2021. National prevalence and incidence were calculated using usually resident population counts from the 2018 census. The effect of ethnicity on prevalence and incidence was assessed using Poisson regression.ResultsThere were 1209 children aged 0–14 with T1D in October 2021. The national prevalence was 131/100 000 (95% confidence interval (CI) 124–139). European children had twice the prevalence as those of Māori or Pacific ethnicity (P < 0.001). There was no effect by gender (P = 0.3) and prevalence predictably increased with age. The annualised incidence of T1D was 23/100 000 (95% CI 20–26). European children were 2.6 times as likely as Māori children to be diagnosed with T1D in that year (incidence rate ratio = 2.6, 95% CI 1.7–4.2). Regional differences in prevalence and incidence were noted, potentially due to the ethnicity differences across regions. Unadjusted prevalence and incidence decreased with lower socio‐economic status, likely due to an over‐representation of non‐Europeans living in the most deprived areas.ConclusionsT1D affects an ethnically diverse population in Aotearoa and important regional differences exist that may impact workforce planning.
Prevalence of signs of lower urinary tract disease and positive urine culture in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study
Authors: Nelson Valerie , Downey Amy , Summers Stacie , Shropshire Sarah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundNo recent studies have evaluated the association between clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) and positive urine culture in dogs with diabetes mellitus.ObjectiveDetermine the prevalence of subclinical bacteriuria (ie, positive urine culture without signs of LUTD) in dogs with diabetes mellitus.AnimalsOne hundred seven dogs with diabetes mellitus were evaluated at a university veterinary hospital.MethodsRetrospective study evaluating diabetic dogs with a single sample paired urinalysis and urine culture. Relationship between the presence of signs of LUTD, pyuria, and bacteriuria and urine culture results were compared using Fisher exact testing.ResultsFifteen dogs (14%) had a positive urine culture via cystocentesis or free catch, of which 8 (53%) had pyuria, and 4 (27%) had signs of LUTD. Of the 88 dogs (82%) without signs of LUTD, 11 (13%) had a positive culture. A significant association was found between a positive urine culture and pyuria (OR infinity; 95% CI 20.34‐infinity, P < .00001) and bacteriuria (OR infinity; 95% CI 164.4‐infinity, P < .00001). No association was found between urine culture results and signs of LUTD (OR 1.87; 95% CI 0.59‐6.85, P = .46).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceSubclinical bacteriuria occurred in this cohort of dogs, and our findings reinforce the recommendation that urine cultures should not be routinely performed in diabetic dogs particularly if pyuria and bacteriuria are absent.
Evaluation of cardiac troponin I as a predictor of death in critically ill cats
Authors: Pelander Lena , Bach Maiken B. T. , Ljungvall Ingrid , Willesen Jakob L. , Koch Jörgen , Dreimanis Kristoffer , Telling Amalie , Damsgard Rikke M. , Ohlsson Åsa , Häggström Jens , Langhorn Rebecca 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAbnormally high serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration, reflecting leakage from or necrosis of cardiomyocytes, is a negative prognosticator for death in dogs.ObjectivesTo investigate in critically ill cats whether serum cTnI concentration is abnormally high, identify conditions associated with abnormally high cTnI concentrations, and evaluate cTnI as an independent prognosticator for death and a potential coprognosticator to the acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation (APPLE) score in cats.AnimalsOne hundred nineteen cats admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and 13 healthy cats at 2 university teaching hospitals.MethodsProspective study. Clinical examinations were performed, APPLE scores calculated, and serum cTnI and serum amyloid A (SAA) measured within 24 hours after admission. Outcome was defined as death/euthanasia or survival to discharge, 28 and 90 days after ICU‐admission. Prognostic capacity of cTnI, APPLE scores and models combining cTnI and scores were evaluated by receiver‐operator‐characteristic analyses.ResultsMedian (IQR) serum cTnI concentration was higher in ill (0.63 [0.18‐2.65] ng/mL) compared to healthy (0.015 [0.005‐0.041] ng/mL) cats (P < .001) and higher in subgroups with structural cardiac disease (2.05 [0.54‐16.59] ng/mL; P < .001) or SAA >5 mg/L (0.84 [0.23‐2.81] ng/mL; P = .009) than in cats without these characteristics (0.45 [0.12‐1.70] and 0.35 [0.015‐0.96] ng/mL). The in‐hospital case fatality rate was 29%. Neither serum cTnI concentration for all critically ill cats (area‐under‐the‐curve 0.567 [95% CI 0.454‐0.680], n = 119) or subgroups (0.625 [0.387‐0.863], n = 27; 0.506 [0.360‐0.652], n = 86), nor APPLE scores (fast 0.568 [0.453‐0.682], full 0.585 [0.470‐0.699], n = 100), were significant prognosticators for death.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAbnormally high serum cTnI concentration was common in critically ill cats. Unlike in dogs, cTnI did not confer prognostic information regarding death.
Pikeperch larviculture (Sander lucioperca [L., 1758]) with Brachionus plicatilis (Mueller, 1786) (Rotifera) and Apocyclops panamensis (Marsh, 1913) (Copepoda)
Authors: Ballesteros‐Redondo Laura , Palm Harry W. , Bährs Hanno , Wacker Alexander , Bischoff Adrian A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe effect of live feed diets containing Brachionus plicatilis (B) and Apocyclops panamensis (A) was investigated on pikeperch larval survival, growth, and fatty acid composition in two experiments (E1 and E2). Up to six different diets were provided to the larvae, in which the letters of the diet names represent the live feed organisms as mentioned above and the subsequent number of feed organisms per larva and day. In E1, start cultures with 35 larvae/L were supplied with two diets (B200 and B100 + A100) 7 days until 10 days post hatch (dph). In E2, 50 larvae/L were fed six diets, B280 + A120, B340 + A60, B400, B420 + A180, B510 + A90, and B600. The highest survival and specific growth rates (SGR) occurred in B200 (E1). In E2, B340 + A60 performed best. A trend of increasing survival rates was found in E1 from 68.9% (B100 + A100) to 71.6% B200 and in E2 from 64.0% (B280 + A120) to 93.7% (B340 + A60). Larval SGR tended to increase with higher shares of dietary B. plicatilis in both experiments. The polyunsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid (LA), followed the same pattern as survival and SGR increasing until a plateau was reached, indirectly indicating a feeding threshold. B. plicatilis provided the LA to pikeperch larvae, which seemed to play an important role in this feeding period. Consequently, a live feed diet should contain at least 340 B. plicatilis ind. larva−1 day−1 and 6.3 B. plicatilis per milliliter until 10 dph to improve pikeperch larviculture.
State of the field: Early modern magic
Authors: Walker Katherine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMagic has served as a source of fascination for early modern scholars throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. While critics continue to debate magic's relationship to religion and science, in recent years the focus has turned to knowledge‐making and how magic contributed to a diverse range of discourses during the 16th and 17th centuries. This article first explores some of the significant historical debates on early modern magic before turning to more recent work in literary studies of the Renaissance. While focusing on early modern England and the stage, the article also highlights newer directions for the study of magic that might enfold global contexts and critical methodologies.
Delivery of biannual ultrasound surveillance for individuals with cirrhosis and cured hepatitis C in the UK
Authors: Hamill Victoria , Gelson Will , MacDonald Douglas , Richardson Paul , Ryder Stephen D. , Aldersley Mark , McPherson Stuart , Verma Sumita , Sharma Rohini , Hutchinson Sharon , Benselin Jennifer , Barnes Eleanor , Guha Indra Neil , Irving William L. , Innes Hamish 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies show the uptake of biannual ultrasound (US) surveillance in patients with cirrhosis is suboptimal. Here, our goal was to understand in broader terms how surveillance is being delivered to cirrhosis patients with cured hepatitis C in the UK.MethodsHepatitis C cirrhosis patients achieving a sustained viral response (SVR) to antiviral therapies were identified from the national Hepatitis‐C‐Research‐UK resource. Data on (i) liver/abdominal US examinations, (ii) HCC diagnoses, and (iii) HCC curative treatment were obtained through record‐linkage to national health registries. The rate of US uptake was calculated by dividing the number of US episodes by follow‐up time.ResultsA total of 1908 cirrhosis patients from 31 liver centres were followed for 3.8 (IQR: 3.4–4.9) years. Overall, 10 396 liver/abdominal USs were identified. The proportion with biannual US was 19% in the first 3 years after SVR and 9% for all follow‐up years. Higher uptake of biannual US was associated with attending a liver transplant centre; older age and cirrhosis decompensation. Funnel plot analysis indicated significant inter‐centre variability in biannual US uptake, with 6/29 centres outside control limits. Incident HCC occurred in 133 patients, of which 49/133 (37%) were treated with curative intent. The number of US episodes in the two years prior to HCC diagnosis was significantly associated with higher odds of curative‐intent treatment (aOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.12–2,09; p = .007).ConclusionsThis study provides novel data on the cascade of care for HCC in the UK. Our findings suggest biannual US is poorly targeted, inefficient and is not being delivered equitably to all patients.