bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outdoor Worker Stress Monitoring Electronics with Nanofabric Radiative Cooler‐Based Thermal Management
Authors: Kim Hojoong , Yoo Young Jin , Yun Joo Ho , Heo Se‐Yeon , Song Young Min , Yeo Woon‐Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSevere stress endangers outdoor workers who are in an exceedingly hot workplace. Although recent studies quantify stress levels on the human skin, they still rely on rigid, bulky sensor modules, causing data loss from motion artifacts and limited field‐deployability for continuous health monitoring. Moreover, no prior work shows a wearable device that can endure heat exposure while showing continuous monitoring of a subject's stress under realistic working environments. Herein, a soft, field‐deployable, wearable bioelectronic system is introduced for detecting outdoor workers' stress levels with negligible motion artifacts and controllable thermal management. A nanofabric radiative cooler (NFRC) and miniaturized sensors with a nanomembrane soft electronic platform are integrated to measure stable electrodermal activities and temperature in hot outdoor conditions. The NFRC exhibits outstanding cooling performance in sub‐ambient air with high solar reflectivity and high thermal emissivity. The integrated wearable device with all embedded electronic components and the NFRC shows a lower temperature (41.1%) in sub‐ambient air than the NFRC‐less device while capturing improved operation time (18.2%). In vivo human study of the bioelectronics with agricultural activities demonstrates the device's capability for portable, continuous, real‐time health monitoring of outdoor workers with field deployability.
Blocked Autophagy is Involved in Layered Double Hydroxide‐Induced Repolarization and Immune Activation in Tumor‐Associated Macrophages
Authors: Jing Guoxin , Yang Linnan , Wang Hong , Niu Jintong , Wang Huichao , Gao Yi , Li Youyuan , Wei Bangguo , Qian Yechang , Wang Shilong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are important immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The polar plasticity of TAMs makes them important targets for improving the immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumors. The previous study reveals that layered double hydroxides (LDHs) can effectively promote the polarization of TAMs from the anti‐inflammatory M2 type to the pro‐inflammatory M1 type. However, their mechanisms of action remain unexplored. This study reveals that LDHs composed of different cations exhibit distinct abilities to regulate the polarity of TAMs. Compared to Mg–Fe LDH, Mg–Al LDH has a stronger ability to promote the repolarization of TAMs from M2 to M1 and inhibit the formation of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). In addition, Mg–Al LDH restrains the growth of tumors in vivo and promotes the infiltration of activated immune cells into the TME more effectively. Interestingly, Mg–Al LDH influences the autophagy of TAMs; this negatively correlates with the pro‐inflammatory ability of TAMs. Therefore, LDHs exert their polarization ability by inhibiting the autophagy of TAMs, and this mechanism might be related to the ionic composition of LDHs. This study lays the foundation for optimizing the performance of LDH‐based immune adjuvants, which display excellent application prospects for tumor immunotherapy.
Microfluidic Generation of Thin‐Shelled Polyethylene Glycol‐Tyramine Microgels for Non‐Invasive Delivery of Immunoprotected β‐Cells
Authors: Araújo‐Gomes Nuno , Zoetebier‐Liszka Barbara , van Loo Bas , Becker Malin , Nijhuis Suzanne , Smink Alexandra M. , de Haan Bart J. , de Vos Paul , Karperien Marcel , Leijten Jeroen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTransplantation of microencapsulated pancreatic cells is emerging as a promising therapy to replenish β‐cell mass lost from auto‐immune nature of type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This strategy intends to use micrometer‐sized microgels to provide immunoprotection to transplanted cells to avoid chronic application of immunosuppression. Clinical application of encapsulation has remained elusive due to often limited production throughputs and body's immunological reactions to implanted materials. This article presents a high‐throughput fabrication of monodisperse, non‐immunogenic, non‐degradable, immunoprotective, semi‐permeable, enzymatically‐crosslinkable polyethylene glycol‐tyramine (PEG‐TA) microgels for β‐cell microencapsulation. Monodisperse β‐cell laden microgels of ≈120 µm, with a shell thickness of 20 µm are produced using an outside‐in crosslinking strategy. Microencapsulated β‐cells rapidly self‐assemble into islet‐sized spheroids. Immunoprotection of the microencapsulated is demonstrated by inability of FITC‐IgG antibodies to diffuse into cell‐laden microgels and NK‐cell inability to kill microencapsulated β‐cells. Multiplexed ELISA analysis on live blood immune reactivity confirms limited immunogenicity. Microencapsulated MIN6β1 spheroids remain glucose responsive for 28 days in vitro, and able to restore normoglycemia 5 days post‐implantation in diabetic mice without notable amounts of cell death. In short, PEG‐TA microgels effectively protect implanted cells from the host's immune system while being viable and functional, validating this strategy for the treatment of T1DM.
A Nature‐Inspired Versatile Bio‐Adhesive
Authors: Chen Mingxia , Chen Taijun , Bai Jiafan , He Siyuan , Luo Minyue , Zeng Yili , Peng Wenzhen , Zhao Yuancong , Wang Jianxin , Zhu Xiangdong , Zhi Wei , Weng Jie , Zhang Kai , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe application of most hydrogel bio‐adhesives is greatly limited due to their high swelling, low underwater adhesion, and single function. Herein, a spatial multi‐level physical‐chemical and bio‐inspired in‐situ bonding strategy is proposed, to develop a multifunctional hydrogel bio‐glue using polyglutamic acid (PGA), tyramine hydrochloride (TYR), and tannic acid (TA) as precursors and 4‐(4,6‐dimethoxytriazine‐2‐yl) −4‐methylmorpholine hydrochloride(DMTMM) as condensation agent, which is used for tissue adhesion, hemostasis and repair. By introducing TYR and TA into the PGA chain, it is demonstrated that not only can the strong adhesion of bio‐glue to the surface of various fresh tissues and wet materials be realized through the synergistic effect of spatial multi‐level physical and chemical bonding, but also this glue can be endowed with the functions of anti‐oxidation and hemostasis. The excellent performance of such bio‐glue in the repair of the wound, liver, and cartilage is achieved, showing a great potential in clinical application for such bio‐glue. This study will open up a brand‐new avenue for the development of multifunctional hydrogel biological adhesive.
Breaking the Activity and Stability Bottlenecks of Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reactions in Acids
Authors: Rong Chengli , Dastafkan Kamran , Wang Yuan , Zhao Chuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a cornerstone reaction for a variety of electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems such as water splitting, CO2/N2 reduction, reversible fuel cells, and metal–air batteries. However, OER catalysis in acids suffers from extra sluggish kinetics due to the additional step of water dissociation along with its multiple electron transfer processes. Furthermore, OER catalysts often suffer from poor stability in harsh acidic electrolytes due to the severe dissolution/corrosion processes. The development of active and stable OER catalysts in acids is highly demanded. Here, the recent advances in OER electrocatalysis in acids are reviewed and the key strategies are summarized to overcome the bottlenecks of activity and stability for both noble‐metal‐based and noble metal‐free catalysts, including i) morphology engineering, ii) composition engineering, and iii) defect engineering. Recent achievements in operando characterization and theoretical calculations are summarized which provide an unprecedented understanding of the OER mechanisms regarding active site identification, surface reconstruction, and degradation/dissolution pathways. Finally, views are offered on the current challenges and opportunities to break the activity–stability relationships for acidic OER in mechanism understanding, catalyst design, as well as standardized stability and activity evaluation for industrial applications such as proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers and beyond.
Bandgap Engineering of Melon using Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad , Ali Roshan , Khan Ibrahim , Ullah Nisar , Ahmad Muhammad Sohail , Kida Tetsuya , Wooh Sanghyuk , Tremel Wolfgang , Schwingenschlögl Udo , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe uncondensed form of polymeric carbon nitrides (PCN), generally known as melon, is a stacked 2D structure of poly(aminoimino)heptazine. Melon is used as a photocatalyst in solar energy conversion applications, but suffers from poor photoconversion efficiency due to weak optical absorption in the visible spectrum, high activation energy, and inefficient separation of photoexcited charge carriers. Experimental and theoretical studies are reported to engineer the bandgap of melon with highly reduced graphene oxide (HRG). Three HRG@melon nanocomposites with different HRG:melon ratios (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) are prepared. The 1% HRG@melon nanocomposite shows higher photocurrent density (71 µA cm−2) than melon (24 µA cm−2) in alkaline conditions. The addition of a hole scavenger further increases the photocurrent density to 630 µA cm−2 relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). These experimental results are validated by calculations using density functional theory (DFT), which revealed that HRG results in a significant charge redistribution and an improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Insight into Defect Engineering of Atomically Dispersed Iron Electrocatalysts for High‐Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Yi Seung Yeop , Choi Eunho , Jang Ho Yeon , Lee Seonggyu , Park Jinkyu , Choi Daeeun , Jang Yeju , Kang Hojin , Back Seoin , Jang Segeun , Lee Jinwoo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAtomically dispersed and nitrogen coordinated iron catalysts (Fe‐NCs) demonstrate potential as alternatives to platinum‐group metal (PGM) catalysts in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, in the context of practical proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) performances of Fe‐NCs remain unsatisfactory. Herein, improved MEA performance is achieved by tuning the local environment of the Fe‐NC catalysts through defect engineering. Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)‐derived nitrogen‐doped carbon with additional CO2 activation is employed to construct atomically dispersed iron sites with a controlled defect number. The Fe‐NC species with the optimal number of defect sites exhibit excellent ORR performance with a high half‐wave potential of 0.83 V in 0.5 M H2SO4. Variation in the number of defects allows for fine‐tuning of the reaction intermediate binding energies by changing the contribution of the Fe d‐orbitals, thereby optimizing the ORR activity. The MEA based on a defect‐engineered Fe‐NC catalyst is found to exhibit a remarkable peak power density of 1.1 W cm−2 in an H2/O2 fuel cell, and 0.67 W cm−2 in an H2/air fuel cell, rendering it one of the most active atomically dispersed catalyst materials at the MEA level.
Wireless and Closed‐Loop Smart Dressing for Exudate Management and On‐Demand Treatment of Chronic Wounds
Authors: Ge Zhenyou , Guo Wenshang , Tao Ye , Sun Haoxiu , Meng Xiangyu , Cao Liangyu , Zhang Shanguo , Liu Weiyu , Akhtar Muhammad Luqman , Li Yu , Ren Yukun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChronic wounds have become a significant threat to people's physical and mental health and have increased the burden of social medical care. Intelligent wound dressing (IWD) with wound condition monitoring and closed‐loop on‐demand drug therapy can shorten the healing process and alleviate patient suffering. However, single‐function wound dressings cannot meet the current needs of chronic wound treatment. Here, a wearable IWD consisting of wound exudate management, sensor monitoring, closed‐loop therapy, and flexible circuit modules is reported, which can achieve effective synergy between wound exudate management and on‐demand wound therapy. The dressing is attached to the wound site, and the wound exudate is spontaneously pumped into the microfluidic channel for storage. Meanwhile, the IWD can detect the state of the wound through the temperature and humidity sensor, and use this as feedback to control the liquid metal (LM) heater through a smartphone, thereby realizing the on‐demand drug release from the hydrogel. In a mouse model of infected wounds, IWD accelerates wound healing by reducing inflammatory responses, promoting angiogenesis and collagen deposition.
Lipid Nanoparticles Optimized for Targeting and Release of Nucleic Acid
Authors: Jia Yaru , Wang Xiuguang , Li Luwei , Li Fangzhou , Zhang Jinchao , Liang Xing‐Jie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are currently the most promising clinical nucleic acids drug delivery vehicles. LNPs prevent the degradation of cargo nucleic acids during blood circulation. Upon entry into the cell, specific components of the lipid nanoparticles can promote the endosomal escape of nucleic acids. These are the basic properties of lipid nanoparticles as nucleic acid carriers. As LNPs exhibit hepatic aggregation characteristics, enhancing targeting out of the liver is a crucial way to improve LNPs administrated in vivo. Meanwhile, endosomal escape of nucleic acids loaded in LNPs is often considered inadequate, and therefore, much effort is devoted to enhancing the intracellular release efficiency of nucleic acids. Here, different strategies to efficiently deliver nucleic acid delivery from LNPs are concluded and their mechanisms are investigated. In addition, based on the information on LNPs that are in clinical trials or have completed clinical trials, the issues that are necessary to be approached in the clinical translation of LNPs are discussed, which it is hoped will shed light on the development of LNP nucleic acid drugs.
Engineered Hierarchical Microdevices Enable Pre‐Programmed Controlled Release for Postsurgical and Unresectable Cancer Treatment
Authors: Wu Lihuang , Li Junhua , Wang Yuqi , Zhao Xinyue , He Yiyan , Mao Hongli , Tang Wenbo , Liu Rong , Luo Kui , Gu Zhongwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDrug treatment is required for both resectable and unresectable cancers to strive for any meaningful improvement in patient outcomes. However, the clinical benefit of receiving conventional systemic administrations is often less than satisfactory. Drug delivery systems are preferable substitutes but still fail to meet diverse clinical demands due to the difficulty in programming drug release profiles. Herein, a microfabrication concept, termed “Hierarchical Multiple Polymers Immobilization” (HMPI), is introduced and biodegradable‐polymer‐based hierarchical microdevices (HMDs) that can pre‐program any desired controlled release profiles are engineered. Based on the first‐line medication of pancreatic and breast cancer, controlled release of single gemcitabine and the doxorubicin/paclitaxel combination in situ for multiple courses is implemented, respectively. Preclinical models of postsurgical pancreatic, postsurgical breast, and unresectable breast cancer are established, and the designed HMDs are demonstrated as well‐tolerable and effective treatments for inhibiting tumor growth, recurrence, and metastasis. The proposed HMPI strategy allows the creation of tailorable and high‐resolution hierarchical microstructures for pre‐programming controlled release according to clinical medication schedules, which may provide promising alternative treatments for postsurgical and unresectable tumor control.
N‐Methylquinuclidinium‐Based Anion Exchange Membrane with Ultrahigh Alkaline Stability
Authors: Zeng Mengying , He Xianying , Wen Ju , Zhang Ganbing , Zhang Hongbo , Feng Hanhua , Qian Yu , Li Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnion‐exchange‐membrane (AEM) water electrolysis is a promising technology for hydrogen production from renewable energy sources. However, the bottleneck of its development is the poor comprehensive performance of AEM, especially the stability at highly concentrated alkaline condition and temperature. Herein, a new cationic group N‐methylquinuclidinium with enhanced alkaline stability is proposed and hereby a full‐carbon chain poly(aryl quinuclidinium) AEM is prepared. Compared with reported AEMs, it shows ultrahigh comprehensive alkaline stability (no chemical decomposition, no decay of conductivity) in 10 m NaOH aqueous solution at 80 °C for more than 1800 h, excellent dimensional stability (swelling ratio: <10% in pure water, <2% in 10 m NaOH) in OH− form at 80 °C, high OH− conductivity (≈139.1 mS cm−1 at 80 °C), and high mechanical properties (tensile strength: 41.5 MPa, elongation at break: 50%). The water electrolyzer using the AEM exhibits a high current density (1.94 A cm−2 at 2.0 V) when assembled with nickel‐alloy foam electrodes, and high durability when assembled with nickel foam electrodes.
Revealing the Friction Stress of Microalgae in Microfluidic Devices through Mechanofluorochromism
Authors: Casimiro Lorenzo , Métivier Rémi , Le Pioufle Bruno , Bensalem Sakina , Allain Clémence 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolydiacetylenes are deeply investigated for their mechanofluorochromic behavior: the blue, non‐emitting solid phase, obtained by photopolymerization of the diacetylene precursor, is converted to the red, emitting one by a mechanical stimulus. Inspired by the great potentiality of these compounds to act as microscale force probes, the mechanofluorochromism is implemented in microalgae biotechnology. Indeed, mechanical solicitations in a microfluidic chip can weaken the cellular envelope and facilitate the extraction of high‐added value compounds produced by the microalgae. Herewith, a polydiacetylene‐based mechanofluorochromic sensor is reported to be able to detect the stress applied to microalgae in microchannels. A triethoxysilane diacetylene precursor is designed that photopolymerizes in a purple, low‐emissive phase, and is converted to the red, high‐emissive phase upon mechanical stress. Hereafter, a protocol is set up to chemically graft in the microfluidic channels a polydiacetylene layer, and eventually proves that upon compression of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microalgae in restricted areas, the friction stress is revealed by the mechanofluorochromic response of the polydiacetylene, leading to a marked fluorescence enhancement up to 83%. This prototype of microscale force probes lays the ground for microscale stress detection in microfluidics environments, which can be applied not only to microalgae but also to any mechano‐responsive cellular sample.
Recent Progress in Flow Energy Harvesting and Sensing Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Wu Mengwei , Zhu Chuanqing , Si Jicang , Wang Hao , Xu Minyi , Mi Jianchun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), as a novel energy harvesting technology, have attracted increasing attention. This review paper focuses on the application of TENGs in flow energy harvesting and self‐powered flow sensing systems, as well as the latest research progress in this field. First, the working principle of TENG is introduced in detail, including the electrification mechanism and four basic working modes. Subsequently, the common applications of TENG‐based flow energy harvesting are systematically classified and summarized. In addition, the designs and principles for harnessing wind energy, wave energy, water flow energy, and droplet energy are illustrated individually. Furthermore, the common applications of TENG in flow sensing are elucidated, involving flow velocity and direction, flow rate measurement, respiration monitoring, water level, and wave motion monitoring. Finally, the current challenges in this field, such as the stability of TENG performance, scalability and integration, environmental impact and durability, etc., are discussed and future research directions, such as developing new TENG materials and designing more high‐efficiency TENG structure, are proposed. It is hoped that this review paper can actively promote the research and application of TENGs and contribute to the development of this field.
Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC3 Aggravates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Targeting S‐Palmitoylated IRHOM2
Authors: Xu Minxuan , Tan Jun , Zhu Liancai , Ge Chenxu , Zhang Yi , Gao Fufeng , Dai Xianling , Kuang Qin , Chai Jie , Zou Benkui , Wang Bochu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderestimation of the complexity of pathogenesis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) significantly encumbers development of new drugs and targeted therapy strategies. Inactive rhomboid protein 2 (IRHOM2) has a multifunctional role in regulating inflammation, cell survival, and immunoreaction. Although cytokines and chemokines promote IRHOM2 trafficking or cooperate with partner factors by phosphorylation or ubiquitin ligases‐mediated ubiquitination to perform physiological process, it remains unknown whether other regulators induce IRHOM2 activation via different mechanisms in NASH progression. Here the authors find that IRHOM2 is post‐translationally S‐palmitoylated at C476 in iRhom homology domain (IRHD), which facilitates its cytomembrane translocation and stabilization. Fatty‐acids challenge can directly promote IRHOM2 trafficking by increasing its palmitoylation. Additionally, the authors identify Zinc finger DHHC‐type palmitoyltransferase 3 (ZDHHC3) as a key acetyltransferase required for the IRHOM2 palmitoylation. Fatty‐acids administration enhances IRHOM2 palmitoylation by increasing the direct association between ZDHHC3 and IRHOM2, which is catalyzed by the DHHC (C157) domain of ZDHHC3. Meanwhile, a metabolic stresses‐triggered increase of ZDHHC3 maintains palmitoylated IRHOM2 accumulation by blocking its ubiquitination, consequently suppressing its ubiquitin‐proteasome‐related degradation mediated by tripartite motif containing 31 (TRIM31). High‐levels of ZDHHC3 protein abundance positively correlate with the severity of NASH phenotype in patient samples. Hepatocyte‐specific dysfunction of ZDHHC3 significantly inhibits palmitoylated IRHOM2 deposition, therefore suppressing the fatty‐acids‐mediated hepatosteatosis and inflammation in vitro, as well as NASH pathological phenotype induced by two different high‐energy diets (HFHC & WTDF) in the in vivo rodent and rabbit model. Inversely, specific restoration of ZDHHC3 in hepatocytes markedly provides acceleration over the course of NASH development via increasing palmitoylation of IRHOM2 along with suppression of ubiquitin degradation. The current work uncovers that ZDHHC3‐induced palmitoylation is a novel regulatory mechanism and signal that regulates IRHOM2 trafficking, which confers evidence associating the regulation of palmitoylation with NASH progression.