bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid exosomes derived from non-small cell lung cancer related leptomeningeal carcinomatosis
Authors: Hou Lan , Chen Xin , Qi Xuejiao , Zou Yueli , He Junying , Bu Hui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis might happen in late non-small cell lung cancer patients and causes a poor median survival period. CSF of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis patients is a special kind of tumor microenvironment. Exosomes are key components of tumor microenvironment and participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. There is a great need of comprehensive proteomic analysis of exosomes in these patients.
Methods
In this study, exosomes in CSF derived from different groups (leptomeningeal carcinomatosis group, non-small cell lung cancer group without leptomeningeal carcinomatosis and normal group) were isolated by ultracentrifugation and proteomics analysis was performed by label-free method.
Results
A total of 814 proteins were detected. Bioinformatics analysis revealed their shared function in the complement activation, extracellular region, and complement and coagulation cascades. 20 proteins were differentially expressed between groups. In protein-protein interaction network analysis, ACTB, ENO1, TIMP1 and RTN4R had higher betweenness than others.
Conclusions
This study is the first comprehensively CSF exosomes proteomic profile of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis patients. Further research is needed to clarify the importance of ACTB, ENO1, TIMP1 and RTN4R in leptomeningeal carcinomatosis patients.
Moleculer cloning, prokaryotic expression and its application potential evaluation of interferon (IFN)-ω of forest musk deer
Authors: WU Xi , YANG Wei , LUO Yan , CHENG Jian-guo , FU Wen-long , ZHOU Lei , WU Jie , WANG Yin , ZHONG Zhi-jun , YANG Ze-xiao , YAO Xue-ping , REN Mei-shen , LI Yi-meng , LIU Jie , DING Hui , CHEN Jia-nan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) are currently a threatened species under conservation, and the development of captive populations is restricted by health problems. To evaluate the application potential of interferon (IFN)-ω in the prevention and control of forest musk deer disease, 5 forest musk deer IFN-ω (fmdIFNω) gene sequences were successfully obtained by homologous cloning method for the first time. FmdIFNω5 was selected and recombinant fmdIFNω protein (rIFNω) was successfully expressed by pGEX-6P-1 plasmid and E. coli expression system. The obtained protein was used to stimulate forest musk deer lung fibroblasts cells FMD-C1 to determine its regulatory effect on interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). In addition, an indirect ELISA method based on anti-rIFNω serum was established to detect endogenous IFN-ω levels in 8 forest musk deer. The results showed that there were 18 amino acid differences among the 5 fmdIFNω subtypes, all of which had the basic structure to exert the activity of type Ⅰ IFN and were close to Cervus elaphus IFN-ω in the phylogenetic tree. The protein expressed was 48 kDa, and the transcription levels of all ISGs were increased in FMD-C1 cells stimulated by rIFNω, and the amount of transcription accumulation was time-dependent. Meanwhile, Anti-rIFNω serum of mice could react with both rIFNω and forest musk deer serum, and the OD450nm value of forest musk deer serum with the most obvious symptoms was the highest. These results indicate that IFN-ω has great potential as an antiviral drug and an early indication of innate immunity, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of forest musk deer diseases.
Improvement of a fecal flotation technique for porcine isosporosis
Authors: Gan Yun , Saeed El-Ashram , Li Xiao-bing , Zhang Yuan , Tang Tao , Weng Ya-biao , Lin Rui-qing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Porcine isosporosis is a highly pathogenic parasite that has become one of the most important diseases responsible for piglet diarrhea, weight loss, and mortality, resulting in significant economic losses for the pig sector. Currently, fecal examination, primarily using the saturated saline flotation technique, is a standard approach for detecting Isospora suis oocysts in piglets with porcine isosporosis. However, fecal samples often include too many contaminants that float on the liquid surface, resulting in a blurred visual field under microscopy and lowering the accuracy of Isosporaidentification. This study used urea as a flotation solution to enhance and improve the Isospora fecal examination technique. Simultaneously, soap granules (sodium salts of fatty acids) and a silicate defoaming agent were employed to reduce the impact of protein, fat, and air bubbles in piglet feces, resulting in an improved swine Isospora fecal detection technique. Clinical assessment of piglet fecal samples from three pig farms revealed that the positive rate of porcine isosporosis increased, and the detection rate increased by nearly five times. This approach is simple and effective. It is appropriate for clinical use as it allows for the prompt formulation of preventative and control plans, therefore helping to reduce economic losses caused by porcine isosporosis.
The Effects of developmental model of Peer Evaluation on the Virtual Teaching Quality of Basic Medical Sciences Faculty
Authors: Doroh Mohammad Habibi , farajpour arezou , Amirmajdi Elham Mokhtari 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: After the Corona pandemic, medical education has shifted to virtual education, but there has been limited time and possibilities for empowering faculty for this purpose. Therefore, it seems necessary to evaluate the quality of the provided training and provide feedback to the faculty in order to improve the quality of training. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teacher formative evaluation by peer evaluation method on the quality of virtual teaching of basic medical sciences faculty.
Methods: In this study, seven trained faculty members observed and based on a checklist evaluated the quality of 2 virtual sessions taught by each faculty of basic medical sciences, and provided them feedback; after at least 2 weeks, their Virtual teachings were again observed and evaluated. The results before and after providing feedback were compared through SPSS software.
Results: After intervention, significant improvements were observed in the average scores of "overall virtual performance", "virtual classroom management" and "content quality". Specifically, there was a significant increase in the average score of "overall virtual performance" and "virtual class management" among female faculty, and the average score of “overall virtual performance” among permanently employed faculty members with more than 5 years of teaching experience, before and after intervention (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Virtual and online education can be a suitable platform for the implementation of formative and developmental model of peer evaluation of faculty; and should be considered as an opportunity to empower and improve the quality of the faculty’ performance in virtual education.
Towards Seismic Damage Assessment Model for Soil Structure Interaction-based Building
Authors: Belhadj Fatma Zohra , Belhadj Ahmed Fouad , Chabaat Mohamed 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Buildings located in seismic risk areas are susceptible to damage, so evaluation of the seismic performance of building structures is essential for accurate seismic design. Seismic Damage Assessment (SDA) is a difficult task for individual building structures dealing with FiniteElement Analysis (FE) and simulation techniques are time-consuming due to the complex model. Moreover, computational techniques based on FE with Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) for earthquake damage assessment of buildings require high computational efforts to build the database for the development of the area-based prediction model. Therefore, this study provides a framework for an artificial neural network (ANN)-based model as a reliable alternative to developing a rapid decision-making tool for building SDA. To establish the SDAbased ANN model, three inputs, including seismic, building, and soil were selected as the main parameters, and seismic responses with soil-structure interaction were generated using a multi-step analysis process proposed. The results obtained demonstrate the high accuracy of the SDA-Net model proposed as a predictive approach and rapid decision support tool for structures with SSI impacts as a predisaster management approach for the assessment of damage and a handy tool for safe and durable structures against natural disasters.
Investigation of case findings for sarcopenia using comparative measurements of the iliopsoas muscle and rectus abdominis on CT
Authors: Ryu Koichi , Namiki Takao , Kaji Yuka , Yang Jieru , Watanabe Yuki , Ohashi Noriyuki , Hashiba Noriaki , Nakamura Michimi , Hirasaki Yoshiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is considered to be a major factor in frailty, and early detection of sarcopenia is important to prevent frailty. Weakness of the lower abdominal region (WLAR) is one of the findings in Kampo (Traditional Japanese) medicine that indicates a condition similar to sarcopenia. We hypothesized that there may be a correlation between the iliopsoas (psoas) muscle and the rectus abdominis. In this study, we used measurements taken from computed tomography (CT) scans of the iliopsoas muscle and rectus abdominis, and investigated which measurements of abdominal muscle indices are relevant to a diagnosis of sarcopenia.
Method
The subjects were 100 consecutive patients (50 males and 50 females) who were treated in our department. We collected their age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and WLAR findings, which were divided into three levels: f(0): no WLAR, f(1): suspected WLAR and f(2): obvious WLAR. We also measured CT images of iliopsoas and rectus abdominis muscle-related indices and the psoas muscle index (PMI) was calculated.
Results
The correlation coefficient between the rectus abdominis data obtained from multiple regression analysis and the PMI was R2 = 0.36 or higher for both females and males, indicating that the size of the iliopsoas muscle can be predicted from measurements of the rectus abdominis muscle. In both females and males, this suggests that sarcopenia groupings determined by the PMI in the iliopsoas muscle are consistent with groupings based on WLAR. The length of the rectus abdominis muscle was measured, and the mean of each of the three WLAR groups showed significant differences in upper rectus abdominis muscle dehiscence and lower rectus abdominis muscle dehiscence in females. In males, there were significant differences in muscle dehiscence only of the upper rectus abdominis.
Discussion
It is known from previous reports that the iliopsoas muscle is an indicator of sarcopenia. This study suggests that the rectus abdominis muscle might also be an indicator of sarcopenia based on the relationship between the measured values of the iliopsoas and rectus abdominis muscles. When the cutoff values identified with the PMI were applied, significant differences were found among the groups based on PMI and WLAR values, which are currently used for diagnosis. These results suggest that WLAR may provide a useful way of screening case findings for sarcopenia.
Conclusion
In this study, we were able to identify positive correlations between the rectus abdominis and iliopsoas muscles by obtaining measurements from CT images. Our results indicate that the status of the rectus abdominis might be used in the diagnosis of sarcopenia.
Management and outcome of patients with femoral head fractures: The mid-term follow-up with injuries and associated prognostic factors
Authors: Shakya Sujan , Chen Jialei , Sun JiaChen , Xiang Zhou 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Femoral head fractures are rare injuries that are often associated with poor functional outcomes and complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence, treatment methods and approaches, complications, and functional outcomes of femoral head fractures.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of fifty patients who sustained femoral head fractures from January 2011- December 2018. There were thirty-seven (74%) males and thirteen (26%) females with a median age of 40 years. According to Pipkin’s classification, there were eighteen (36%) Pipkin I, ten (20%) Pipkin II, eight (16%) Pipkin III, and fourteen (28%) Pipkin IV patients. Treatment methods were categorized into non-operative, operative by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), and immediate total hip replacement (THR). The recorded surgical approach consists of an anterior(S-P) approach, posterior(K-L) approach, lateral stab, and combined anterior + lateral stab approach for fixation. The patients were also stratified by the Injury Severity Score (ISS), associated injuries, and, mechanism of injuries. The modified harris hip score (MHHS) was used to evaluate the ongoing complications with the clinical outcome of patients with two years or greater follow-up.
Results
Eight (16%) patients were managed successfully with closed reduction without surgery and thirty-seven (74%) patients required operative reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of the femoral head and acetabulum, and 5 (10%) patients required immediate THR. Six (12%) developed AVN, and four (8%) required a secondary THR. Sixteen patients (33%) developed post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), eight (16%) developed heterotopic ossification (HO) and six patients (12%) had sciatic nerve injury, none requiring operative treatment. Overall functional results according to MHHS were, excellent in two (4%) patients, good in sixteen (32%) patients, fair in twenty-two (44%) patients, and poor in ten (20%) patients. A statistically significant difference in outcome was observed among four pipkin subtypes.
Conclusion
Femoral head fractures are a rare injury that is often associated with poor outcomes. In this study, we report the functional outcomes and complications of all treatment approaches for femoral head fracture based on the Pipkin classification. The treatment aim should always be the anatomical reduction of the fragments. This study, adds to the growing literature on femoral head fracture and provides a reference for the clinical treatment to guide patient management.
Trial registration:
Our study was approved by the Clinical Research and Biomedical Ethical Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University performed following the Declaration of Helsinki. All the participants provided written informed consent to attend the study.
Gut Microbiota Induces Hepatic Steatosis by Modulating the T Cells Balance in High Fructose Diet Mice
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqiong , Zhang Xianjuan , Niu Delei , Zhang Shuyun , Wang Hui , Zhang Xueming , Nan Fulong , Jiang Shasha , Wang Bin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Metabolic diseases are often associated with high fructose (HF) consumption. HF has also been found to alter the gut microbiota, which then favors the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanisms underlying of the gut microbiota on this metabolic disturbance are yet to be determined. Thus, in this study, we further explored the effect the gut microbiota concerning the T cells balance in an HF diet mouse model. We fed mice 60% fructose-enriched diet for 12 weeks. At 4 weeks, HF diet did not affect the liver, but it caused injury to the intestine and adipose tissues. After 12 weeks, the lipid droplet aggregation was markedly increased in the liver of HF-fed mice. Further analysis of the gut microbial composition showed that HF decreased the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and increased the levels of Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, and Oscillibacter. In addition, HF can increase the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) in the serum. T helper type 1 (Th1) cells were significantly increased, and regulatory T(Treg) cells were markedly decreased in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) of the HF-fed mice. Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) alleviates systemic metabolic disorder by maintaining liver and intestinal immune homeostasis. Overall, our data indicated that intestinal structure injury and intestinal inflammation might be early, and liver inflammation and hepatic steatosis may be a subsequent effect following HF diets. Gut microbiota disorders impairing the intestinal barrier function and triggering immune homeostasis imbalance may be an importantly responsible for long-term HF diets induced hepatic steatosis.
"Heritability of airway structure variables in twins with completed active growth"
Authors: Šidlauskienė Monika , Sidlauskas Mantas , Sidlauskas Antanas , Juzenas Simonas , Lopatiene Kristina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the genetic and environmental influences on craniofacial and airway dimensions using cephalometric analysis and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) based zygosity determination in a group of post-pubertal twins.
Materials and methods: 22 cephalometric variables of 94 pairs of twins with completed growth were analysed. Zygosity was determined using 15 specific DNA markers. A genetic analysis was performed using maximum likelihood genetic structural equation modelling (GSEM).
Results: The genetic heritability estimates of cephalometric variables describing upper airway dimensions, skeletal variables, soft palate size, maxilla relationship with hyoid bone, sagittal position of mandible. The lower airway parameters were determined by environmental factors.
Conclusions: The upper airway dimensions are strongly determined by genes while the lower airway parameters are affected by environmental factors.
Trial registration: The protocol has been approved by the Kaunas Regional Ethical Committee No BE – 2-41., 2020 May 13.
WEE1 and PARP-1 play critical roles in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS): A novel approach to targeted MDS therapy
Authors: Okabe Seiichi , Tanaka Yuko , Gotoh Akihiko 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal bone marrow disorder defined by cytopenia and is associated with an increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The outcome of MDS is poor, and as a result, alternative therapeutic approaches are needed to improve survival. The inhibition of the DNA damage response pathway, including poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), has been approved to treat several cancers, and WEE1 is overexpressed in many cancers. Therefore, a WEE1 inhibitor in combination with a PARP-1 inhibitor could inhibit the proliferation of MDS and AML.
Methods
We analyzed whether WEE1 was regulated in the progression of MDS and AML. We also evaluated the efficacy of MK-1775 (WEE1 inhibitor) and talazoparib (PARP-1 inhibitor).
Results
WEE1 expression was higher in the AML cells than in the MDS cells. However, PARP-1 expression remained unchanged. MK-1775 or talazoparib alone inhibited MDS and AML cells after 72 hours, and cellular cytotoxicity and caspase 3/7 activity were increased. The combined use of MK-1775 and talazoparib produced superior efficacy than either drug alone, and SKM-1 colony formation was reduced. Significant cell populations in the sub-G1 phase were shown in the cell-cycle analyses. Additionally, γ-H2AX expression and caspase 3 activity were increased. The combined treatment also changed the mitochondrial membrane potential.
Conclusions
A combination of WEE1 and PARP-1 inhibition enhanced the efficacy and is proposed as a new therapeutic option for patients with MDS or AML. Our findings have clinical implications for a potential novel therapeutic strategy for MDS patients.
ADHD genetic burden associates with older epigenetic age: Mediating roles of education, behavioral and sociodemographic factors among older adults
Authors: Arpawong Thalida Em , Klopack Eric T. , Kim Jung Ki , Crimmins Eileen M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Shortened lifespans are associated with having Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which is likely mediated by its characteristic behavioral and sociodemographic factors that are also associated with accelerated physiological aging. Such factors include exhibiting more depressive symptoms, more cigarette smoking, higher body mass index, lower educational attainment, lower income in adulthood, and more challenges with cognitive processes compared to the general population. A higher polygenic score for ADHD (ADHD-PGS) is associated with having more characteristic features of ADHD. The degree to which (1) the ADHD-PGS associates with an epigenetic biomarker developed to predict accelerated aging and earlier mortality is unknown, (2) an association would be mediated by behavioral and sociodemographic correlates of ADHD, or (3) an association would be mediated first by educational attainment, then by behavioral and sociodemographic correlates. We evaluated these relationships in a population-based sample of older adults from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study, among N=2,311 older adults of European-ancestry with blood based epigenetic and genetic data. The ADHD-PGS was calculated from a prior genomewide meta-analysis. Epigenome-wide DNA methylation levels shown to index biological aging and earlier age of mortality were quantified by a blood-based biomarker called GrimAge. We used a structural equation modeling approach to test associations with single and multi-mediation effects of behavioral and contextual indicators on GrimAge, adjusted for covariates.
Results: The ADHD-PGS was significantly and directly associated with GrimAge when adjusting for covariates. In single mediation models, the effect of the ADHD-PGS on GrimAge was partially mediated via smoking, depressive symptoms, and education. In multi-mediation models, the effect of ADHD-PGS on GrimAge was mediated first through education, then smoking, depressive symptoms, BMI, and income.
Conclusions: Findings have implications for geroscience research in elucidating lifecourse pathways through which the ADHD genetic burden and symptoms can alter risks for accelerated aging and shortened lifespans, as indexed by an epigenetic biomarker. More education appears to play a central role in attenuating negative effects on epigenetic aging from behavioral and sociodemographic risk factors related to ADHD. We discuss implications for the potential behavioral and sociodemographic mediators that may attenuate negative biological system effects.