bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyromellitic‐Diimide‐Based Liquid Material Forming an Exciplex with Naphthalene
Authors: Tanabe Yuya , Tsutsui Hiroki , Matsuda Shinya , Shikita So , Yasuda Takuma , Isoda Kyosuke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report a liquid material based on a pyromellitic diimide (PMDI) framework with branched alkyl chains for the first time. An electron‐accepting PMDI‐based liquid can dissolve electron‐donating solid naphthalene. This liquid demonstrates green photoluminescence (PL) originating from exciplex formation, the properties of which are different from those of the PMDI‐based liquid and naphthalene. The photophysical behavior was investigated by measuring PL spectra and undertaking excited‐state decay measurements.
Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes of endangered heterostylous species Primula wilsonii and its closely related species
Authors: Xie YanPing , Yang GangGang , Zhang Chan , Zhang XingWang , Jiang XianFeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrimula, well known for its heterostyly, is the largest genus in the family Primulaceae with more than 500 species. The considerable species number has introduced a huge challenge for taxonomy. The phylogenetic relationships among Primula still maintain unresolved due to frequent hybridization and introgression between closely related species. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genomes of Primula wilsonii Dunn, which is a PSESP (plant species with extremely small populations), using Illumina sequencing and compared its genomic sequences with those of four related Primula species. The chloroplast genomes of Primula species were similar in the basic structure, gene order, and GC content. The detected 38 SSRs (simple sequence repeats) loci and 17 hypervariable regions had many similarities in P. wilsonii, P. anisodora, P. miyabeana, and P. poissonii, but showed a significant difference compared with those in P. secundiflora. Slight variations were observed among Primula chloroplast genomes, in consideration of the relatively stable patterns of IR (inverted repeats) contraction and expansion. Phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast genomes and protein‐coding genes confirmed three major clades in Chinese Primula, but the infrageneric sections were not in accordance with morphological traits. The P. poissonii complex was confirmed here and P. anisodora was the most closely related species to P. wilsonii. Overall, the chloroplast genome sequences provided useful genetic and evolutionary information for phylogeny and population genetics on Chinese Primula species.
Effects of plasticizer diisobutyl adipate on the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) endocrine system
Authors: Horie Yoshifumi , Ramaswamy Babu Rajendran , Ríos Juan Manuel , Yap Chee Kong , Okamura Hideo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPlasticizer pollution of the water environment is one of the world's most serious environmental issues. Phthalate plasticizers can disrupt endocrine function in vertebrates. Therefore, this study analyzed thyroid‐related, reproduction‐related, and estrogen‐responsive genes in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) to determine whether non‐phthalate diisobutyl adipate (DIBA) plasticizer could affect endocrine hormone activity or not. Developmental toxicity during fish embryogenesis was also evaluated. At a concentration of 11.57 mg/l, embryonic exposure to DIBA increased the mortality rate. Although abnormal development, including body curvature, edema, and lack of swim bladder inflation, was observed at 3.54 and 11.57 mg/l DIBA, growth inhibition and reduced swimming performance were also observed. In addition, DIBA exposure increased the levels of thyroid‐stimulating hormone beta‐subunit (tshβ) and deiodinase 1 (dio1) but decreased the levels of thyroid hormone receptor alpha (trα) and beta (trβ). These results suggest that DIBA has thyroid hormone‐disrupting activities in fish. However, kisspeptin (kiss1 and kiss2), gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (gnrh1), follicle‐stimulating hormone beta (fshβ), luteinizing hormone beta (lhβ), choriogenin H (chgH), and vitellogenin (vtg1) expression did not change dose‐dependently in response to DIBA exposure, whereas gnrh2 and vtg2 expression was elevated. These results indicate that DIBA has low estrogenic activity and does not disrupt the endocrine reproduction system in fish. Overall, this is the first report indicating that non‐phthalate DIBA plasticizer is embryotoxic and disrupt thyroid hormone activity in fish.
Multidimensional identification of single and regional meteorological drought considering flash‐season synthesis employed daily standardized effective precipitation and drought index in Guangxi, China
Authors: Yun‐chuan Yang , Jia‐zhen Yang , Yi Tian , Li‐ping Liao , Ru‐min Gan , Wei‐quan Wang , Ting‐yan Wang , Chong‐xun Mo , Xun‐gui Li , Gui‐kai Sun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe frequent occurrence of extreme drought events in Guangxi has caused huge losses to human beings and economy in the region for many years. Therefore, this study adopted run theory and the objective identification method of regional extreme events (OITREE) and then carried out the comprehensive feature identification of multidimensional elements such as intensity, duration and area of meteorological drought events based on the daily standardized effective precipitation and drought index (SWAP) sequence of Guangxi from 1979 to 2018a. By comparing the evolutionary characteristics of drought elements identified by grid SWAP statistical analysis and OITREE, an integrated optimization scheme combining the accuracy of grid analysis and area identification is formed in this study. It was confirmed that the above two analysis methods had good correlation and consistency in revealing the evolution process of multidimensional elements of drought events. In terms of the frequency of drought events over a long period of time and the comprehensive characteristics of each element, the identification results of the OITREE method can better reveal the comprehensive characteristics of drought in Guangxi. Furthermore, the study found that flash droughts and seasonal droughts occurred alternately and were superimposed concurrently in Guangxi, and there were significant differences in the multidimensional spatial and temporal characteristics of these two types of droughts. Specifically, the frequency of flash drought was 1.60–4.00 times·(a)−1, the duration varied from 20 to 60 days·(a)−1 and the concentration point of drought had a region‐wide dispersion; while the frequency of seasonal drought was 0.82–1.65 times·(a)−1, the duration varied from 40–105 days·(a)−1 and the concentration point of drought had a local concentration. The research results can provide effective scientific support for operational drought refined forecast and early warning, and smart regulation of drought disaster risk.
Efficacy assessment of oxygen flow assisted administration of topical methotrexate (OFA‐MTX5%) for superficial basal cell carcinoma assessed by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Absil Gilles , Lebas Eve , Nikkels Arjen F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundOxygen‐flow‐assisted topical administration of 5% methotrexate (OFAMTX5%) was recently described as a painless therapeutic option with good cosmetic results for superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC).ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and cosmetic outcome of OFAMTX5% for small (<2 cm) and large (>2 cm) sBCCs of the trunk.MethodsPatients with a least two sBCCs, as diagnosed by clinical, dermatoscopic and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination, were included. One target lesion was treated 2×/week for 2 weeks. Complete (CR), partial (PR) and no (NR) responses, respectively defined as a total absence, improvement or a similar OCT aspect compared to baseline, were evaluated by OCT at 3 and 12 months postprocedure. Cosmetic outcome was evaluated at 1 year.ResultsAt 3 months in a cohort of 32 patients (mean age: 54 years, min: 44 years, max: 89 years), the small sBCC lesion group presented a 94.4% (17/18) CR and a 5.5% PR (1/18), whereas the large lesion group revealed a CR of 64.3% (9/14) and PR of 35.7% (5/14). At 12 months, 3/14 large lesions presented recurrent sBCC at the border of the target lesion, but none in the small lesion group (0/18). No treatment‐related cutaneous nor systemic adverse events were observed. No OCT changes were noted at 3 and 12 months in control sBCC lesions. Cosmetic results were scored as good and excellent in 19.4% and 80.1%, respectively.ConclusionsOFAMTX5% represents an interesting therapeutic alternative for sBCC on the trunk, without pain sensations and treatment‐related adverse effects. The place of OFAMTX5% in the therapeutic armamentarium against sBCC remains to be determined in larger series.
Cognitive flexibility and grit during times of crisis for Turkish EFL teachers
Authors: Erarslan Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to the COVID‐19 pandemic, the abrupt transition to virtual learning environments based on Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) has posed significant challenges for teachers at all levels of education. The challenges of the pandemic revealed the significance of cognitive flexibility as a cognitive skill and grit as a noncognitive skill for teachers to adapt to the ERT conditions and to sustain their passion and perseverance. This study investigated whether the cognitive flexibility and grit levels of Turkish EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers significantly differed based on demographic variables and also explored how cognitive flexibility as a cognitive skill and grit as a noncognitive skill were associated with each other. Using a sequential, exploratory, mixed‐method design, qualitative, and quantitative data were collected from 589 Turkish EFL teachers during the school closures. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, and structural equation modeling was used to determine the relationship between cognitive flexibility and grit. The findings showed that cognitive flexibility and grit differed more in terms of profession‐related variables (teaching experience and school type) than personal demographic variables (age and gender). Also, structural equation modeling showed that both cognitive flexibility and grit significantly correlated with each other as a novel finding contributing to the literature. The qualitative findings showed that teachers used cognitive flexibility and grit‐based strategies to overcome the difficulties caused by the pandemic.
Exploration and comparison of molecular mechanisms across diseases using MINERVA Net
Authors: Gawron Piotr , Smula Ewa , Schneider Reinhard , Ostaszewski Marek 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProtein function is often interpreted using molecular interaction diagrams, encoding roles a given protein plays in various molecular mechanisms. Information about disease‐related mechanisms can be inferred from disease maps, knowledge repositories containing manually constructed systems biology diagrams. Disease maps hosted on the Molecular Interaction Network VisuAlization (MINERVA) Platform are individually accessible through a REST API interface of each instance, making it challenging to systematically explore their contents. To address this challenge, we introduce the MINERVA Net web service, a repository of open‐access disease maps allowing users to publicly share minimal information about their maps. The MINERVA Net repository provides REST API endpoints of particular disease maps, which then can be individually queried for content. In this article, we describe the concept of MINERVA Net and illustrate its use by comparing proteins and their interactions in three different disease maps.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: Stress‐management interventions for patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Horn Anna , Stangl Stephanie , Parisi Sandra , Bauer Nina , Roll Julia , Löffler Claudia , Gágyor Ildikó , Haas Kirsten , Heuschmann Peter U. , Langhorst Jost , Keil Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder of unknown pathological origin that is associated with psychological distress and reduced health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). We investigated the effects of stress‐management for adults with IBS on typical symptoms, HRQoL and mental health. With predefined criteria (patients: adults with IBS; intervention: stress‐management; control: care as usual or waitlist; outcome: patient‐relevant; study‐type: controlled trials), we registered the study with PROSPERO (168030) and searched the main medical databases. Two researchers independently reviewed the publications and assessed the risk of bias using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network checklist. We performed meta‐analysis with homogeneous trials of acceptable quality. After screening 6656 publications, ten suitable randomized trials of acceptable (n = 5) or low methodological quality (n = 5) involving 587 patients were identified. Our meta‐analysis showed no effect of stress‐management on IBS severity 1–2 months after the intervention (Hedges' g = −0.23, 95%‐CI = −0.84 to −0.38, I2 = 86.1%), and after 3–12 months (Hedges' g = −0.77, 95%‐CI = −1.77 to −0.23, I2 = 93.3%). One trial found a short‐term reduction of symptoms, and one trial found symptom relief in the long‐term (at 6 months). One of two studies that examined HRQoL found an improvement (after 2 months). One of two studies that examined depression and anxiety found a reduction of these symptoms (after 3 weeks). Stress‐management may be beneficial for patients with IBS regarding the short‐term reduction of bowel and mental health symptoms, whereas long‐term benefits are unclear. Good quality RCTs with more than 6 months follow‐up are needed.
Biodiesel as an alternate fuel for future energy production: A review
Authors: Dash Priyadarshini , Gajjar Jatin , Anderson A. , Jayaprabakar J. , Senthilkumar G. , Joy Nivin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere has been a significant growth in aviation industry due to the increased consumption of aviation fuel which is one of the main sources of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. As a result, using aviation fuels made from renewable resources has drawn a lot of attention. There have been significant attempts made to create renewable fuels as alternatives to petroleum‐based fuels in order to provide a conservative approach for mitigating CO2 emissions from the air transportation sector. Non‐edible oils combined with diesel are preferred as biofuels due to the growing global population and the rising need for edible oils and food crops. Various non edible oils which include candle nut, soap nut, jatropha, groundnut, canola, karanja, mahua, neem, jojoba, rubber seed oil, etc., are employed to produce biofuel. These biodiesels are prepared from the raw oil by a two‐step co‐solvent esterification process. In this study, an attempt is made to compare the important performance parameters of biodiesel blends made from both edible and non‐edible sources. Brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption of known biodiesel samples are evaluated based on the reported test results. Emission parameters includes carbon monoxides, carbon di oxides, smoke, and nitrogen oxide emissions are also compared.
Graph-Based Methods for Rational Drug Design
Authors: Droschinsky Andre , Humbeck Lina , Koch Oliver , Kriege Nils M. , Mutzel Petra , Schäfer Till 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRational drug design deals with computational methods to accelerate the development of new drugs. Among other tasks, it is necessary to analyze huge databases of small molecules. Since a direct relationship between the structure of these molecules and their effect (e.g., toxicity) can be assumed in many cases, a wide set of methods is based on the modeling of the molecules as graphs with attributes.Here, we discuss our results concerning structural molecular similarity searches and molecular clustering and put them into the wider context of graph similarity search. In particular, we discuss algorithms for computing graph similarity w.r.t. maximum common subgraphs and their extension to domain specific requirements.
The Space Complexity of Undirected Graph Exploration
Authors: Disser Yann , Klimm Max 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe review the space complexity of deterministically exploring undirected graphs. We assume that vertices are indistinguishable and that edges have a locally unique color that guides the traversal of a space-constrained agent. The graph is considered to be explored once the agent has visited all vertices. We visit results for this setting showing that $$\varTheta \,(\log n)$$

Θ

(
log
n
)

bits of memory are necessary and sufficient for an agent to explore all n-vertex graphs. We then illustrate that, if agents only have sublogarithmic memory, the number of (distinguishable) agents needed for collaborative exploration is $$\varTheta \,(\log \log n)$$

Θ

(
log
log
n
)

.
Covering soft rough sets and its topological properties with application
Authors: Atef Mohammed , Nada Shokry , Nawar Ashraf 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, we introduce the notion of the complementary soft neighborhood and present three kinds of covering soft rough set ($$\mathcal {CSR}$$
CSR
) models. The basic properties of these models are investigated. The relationships among these models are also discussed. Moreover, we establish the topological approach to $$\mathcal {CSR}$$
CSR
say, $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-topological spaces (i.e., $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-TS). Hence, the topological properties for $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-TS models such as $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-open sets, $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-closed sets, $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-interior, $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-closure, $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-boundary, $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-neighborhood and $$\varDelta $$
Δ
-limit point are studied and the relationships between them are given. Finally, we make use of an algorithm for these proposed models to deal with uncertainties for solving the MGDM problems using the constructed topologies.
Die Tötung überzähliger Versuchstiere – das Erfordernis des “vernünftigen Grundes” und die Übertragung aktueller Rechtsprechung auf den Versuchstierbereich
Authors: Wagenknecht Tobias , Eusemann Beryl , Schwedhelm Philipp , Schönfelder Gilbert , Bert Bettina 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel der EU-Versuchstierrichtlinie 2010/63/EU ist es, einheitliche rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen
für Tierversuche in allen EU-Mitgliedstaaten zu schaffen. Aufgrund eigenständiger mitgliedstaatlicher
Umsetzung der EU-Versuchstierrichtlinie in das jeweilige nationale Versuchstierrecht können nationale
Regelungen durchaus ein unterschiedlich hohes Tierschutzniveau aufweisen. Deutlich zeigt sich dies bei
der Tötung von überzähligen Versuchstieren, die regelmäßig bei der notwendigen
Zucht von Versuchstieren entstehen. Gem. 1 S. 2 TierSchG muss nach deutschem Tierschutzrecht bei jeder
Tötung eines Tieres ein vernünftiger Grund vorliegen. Dieses Erfordernis bezieht sich uneingeschränkt
auch auf Versuchstiere und zeigt sich in seiner konkreten Ausgestaltung als nationale Besonderheit des deutschen
Versuchstierrechts im Vergleich zu anderen Mitgliedstaaten. Fehlt ein vernünftiger Grund im Rahmen
der Tötung eines Tieres, kann dies auch strafrechtliche Konsequenzen gem. 17 Nr. 1 TierSchG nach
sich ziehen. Mangels gefestigter Rechtsprechung im Versuchstierbereich muss bei der rechtlich gebotenen
Auslegung zur Bestimmung des unbestimmten Rechtsbegriffs des vernünftigen Grundes die Rechtsprechung
aus anderen Bereiches des Tierschutzrechts herangezogen und auf das Versuchstierrecht übertragen werden.
Unter Heranziehung der aktuellsten Rechtsprechung des Bundesverwaltungsgerichts zur Tötung von männlichen
Küken zeigt sich, wie schwierig sich eine solche Übertragung in der rechtswissenschaftlichen Praxis
gestaltet. Eine mögliche Übertragung von Wertungen aus dem Nutztierbereich muss dabei aufgrund
der Komplexität der versuchstierrechtlichen Materie stets den konkreten Einzelfall berücksichtigen
und kann keinesfalls pauschal erfolgen.
Review of Clustering Technology and Its Application in Coordinating Vehicle Subsystems
Authors: Zhang Caizhi , Huang Weifeng , Niu Tong , Liu Zhitao , Li Guofa , Cao Dongpu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractClustering is an unsupervised learning technology, and it groups information (observations or datasets) according to similarity measures. Developing clustering algorithms is a hot topic in recent years, and this area develops rapidly with the increasing complexity of data and the volume of datasets. In this paper, the concept of clustering is introduced, and the clustering technologies are analyzed from traditional and modern perspectives. First, this paper summarizes the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of 20 traditional clustering algorithms and 4 modern algorithms. Then, the core elements of clustering are presented, such as similarity measures and evaluation index. Considering that data processing is often applied in vehicle engineering, finally, some specific applications of clustering algorithms in vehicles are listed and the future development of clustering in the era of big data is highlighted. The purpose of this review is to make a comprehensive survey that helps readers learn various clustering algorithms and choose the appropriate methods to use, especially in vehicles.
Nitrite sensor using activated biochar synthesised by microwave-assisted pyrolysis
Authors: Allende Scarlett , Liu Yang , Zafar Muhammad Adeel , Jacob Mohan V. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeveloping applications for the by-products obtained from waste processing is vital for resource recovery. The synthesis of ZnCl2-activated biochar with high electrocatalytic activity was carried out by the microwave-assisted pyrolysis of pineapple peel and subsequent chemical activation process. Activated biochar is employed in the electrochemical sensing of nitrite by drop casting in a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The activated biochar exhibited a stacked carbon sheet, 254 m2 g−1 Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area, 0.076 cm3 g−1 pore volume, 189.53 m2 g−1 micropore area and oxygen-containing functional groups. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the modified GCE showed a reduced charge transfer resistance of 61%. This is crucial to determine the electrochemical properties of biochar. The sensor showed a significant current response and an excellent limit of detection of 0.97 µmol L−1. The modified-activated biochar electrochemical sensor demonstrated high selectivity, reproducibility (RSD=2.4%), and stability (RSD=2.6%).
Graphical abstract