bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BCL2 is a major regulator of haploidy maintenance in murine embryonic stem cells
Authors: Sun Shengyi , Zhao Qin , Zhao Yiding , Geng Mengyang , Wang Qing , Gao Qian , Zhang Xiao‐Ou , Zhang Wenhao , Shuai Ling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMammalian haploid cells are important resources for forward genetic screening and are important in genetic medicine and drug development. However, the self‐diploidization of murine haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) during daily culture or differentiation jeopardizes their use in genetic approaches. Here, we show that overexpression (OE) of an antiapoptosis gene, BCL2, in haESCs robustly ensures their haploidy maintenance in various situations, even under strict differentiation in vivo (embryonic 10.5 chimeric fetus or 21‐day teratoma). Haploid cell lines of many lineages, including epiblasts, trophectodermal lineages, and neuroectodermal lineages, can be easily derived by the differentiation of BCL2‐OE haESCs in vitro. Transcriptome analysis revealed that BCL2‐OE activates another regulatory gene, Has2, which is also sufficient for haploidy maintenance. Together, our findings provide an effective and secure strategy to reduce diploidization during differentiation, which will contribute to the generation of haploid cell lines of the desired lineage and related genetic screening.
Clinical characteristics and serum inflammatory markers of community‐acquired mycoplasma pneumonia in children
Authors: Fan Fei , Lv Jun , Yang Qianyuan , Jiang Fei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo compare the demographic and clinical features, laboratory and imaging findings in mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) children with non‐MPP (NMPP) children and general MPP (GMPP) children with refractory MPP (RMPP) children and analysis the relationship with the severity of disease.MethodsThe study included 265 children with MPP and 230 children with NMPP in the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2020 to 2021. The children with MPP included RMPP (n = 85) and GMPP (n = 180). Demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging findings of all children were measured as baseline data within 24 h after admission and the differences between MPP and NMPP, RMPP and GMPP patients were compared. ROC curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive value of different indicators for RMPP.ResultsFever duration and hospital stay in children with MPP were longer than those with NMPP. The number of patients with imaging features of pleural effusion, lung consolidation and bronchopneumonia in MPP group was significantly higher than that in NMPP group. Compared with NMPP group, the levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), serum amyloid A (SAA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (FIB) and D‐dimer and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10 and IL‐1β) in MPP group were significantly higher (P < 0.05). The clinical symptoms and pulmonary imaging findings were more severe in RMPP group. The levels of white blood cell (WBC), CRP, PCT, SAA, ESR, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), LDH, ferritin, PT, FIB, D‐dimer and inflammatory cytokines in RMPP group were higher than those in GMPP group. There was no significant difference in the level of lymphocyte subsets between the RMPP and GMPP group. IL‐6, IL‐10, LDH, PT, D‐dimer and lung consolidation were independent risk factors for RMPP. IL‐6 levels and LDH activity were good predictors of RMPP.ConclusionIn conclusion, there were differences in clinical characteristics and serum inflammatory markers between MPP group and NMPP group, RMPP group and GMPP group. IL‐6, IL‐10, LDH, PT and D‐dimer can be used as predictive indicators for RMPP.
Atrial fibrillation and QT corrected. What is the best formula to use?
Authors: Luzza Francesco , De Sarro Rosalba , Licordari Roberto , Crea Pasquale , Pugliatti Pietro , Certo Giuseppe , Pistelli Lorenzo , Campanella Francesca , Lo Nigro Maria Claudia , Casale Matteo , Correale Michele , Dattilo Giuseppe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundQT interval varies with the heart rate (HR), so a correction in QT calculation is needed (QTc). Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with elevated HR and beat‐to‐beat variation.AimTo find best correlation between QTc in atrial fibrillation (AF) versus restored sinus rhytm (SR) after electrical cardioversion (ECV) (primary end point) and to determine which correction formula and method are the best to determine QTc in AF (secondary end point).MethodsDuring a 3‐month period, we considered patients who underwent 12‐lead ECG recording and received an AF diagnosis with indication for ECV. Exclusion criteria were as follows: QRS duration >120 ms, therapy with QT‐prolonging drugs, a rate control strategy and a nonelectrical cardioversion. The QT interval was corrected using Bazzett's, Framingham, Fridericia and Hodges formulas during the last ECG during AF and the first one immediately after ECV. QTc mean was calculated as mQTc (average of 10 QTc calculated beat per beat) and as QTcM (QTc calculated from the average of 10 raw QT and RR for each beat).ResultsFifty consecutive patients were enrolled in the study. Bazett's formula showed a significant change in mean QTc value between the two rhythms (421.5 ± 33.9 vs. 446.1 ± 31.9; p < 0.001 for mQTc and 420.9 ± 34.1 vs. 441.8 ± 30.9; p = 0.003 for QTcM). On the contrary, in patients with SR, QTc assessed by the Framingham, Fridericia, and Hodges formulas was similar to that in AF. Furthermore, good correlations between mQTc and QTcM are present for each formula, even in AF or SR.ConclusionsDuring AF, Bazzett's formula, seems to be the most imprecise in QTc estimation.
Policies for inclusive education practices in teacher education in the United Kingdom and France
Authors: Malet Régis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImplementation of any inclusive policy is dependent on longstanding conceptions, beliefs, and public discourses on schooling, learning, and including children in mainstream schooling. The adoption of inclusive education in education policies in France and the United Kingdom requires discursive support to reshape the meaning and content of teachers' work, duties and practices. Although inclusive education is widely debated, analyses of the variations in policy narratives promoting inclusive teaching in Europe are lacking. This article reports on comparative and international analysis of discourses and policies for empowering teachers for continuous professional development and inclusive school practices. The analysis focuses on an exploration of varieties of articulations, resources, and conceptual dynamics in the UK and France. These elements are discussed within the broader scheme of the teaching profession, with reference to the inclusive education paradigm.
Policing is more effective against eggs of non‐natal versus natal workers at early colony stages in a bumblebee
Authors: Holland Jacob G. , Zanette Lorenzo R. S. , Nunes Tulio , Bourke Andrew F. G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEusocial insect colonies are vulnerable to exploitation by egg‐laying workers arising either as natal reproductive workers or as non‐natal reproductive ‘drifting’ workers (intraspecific social parasites). Worker egg‐laying is potentially costly to the colony, but queens and workers can counter its costs via egg eating (queen or worker policing). Bumblebee colonies exhibit egg laying by both natal and non‐natal workers: natal workers collectively lay more eggs but do so only after a specific point in the colony cycle, the ‘competition point’, whereas non‐natal workers potentially lay eggs throughout the colony cycle. These features create a special opportunity to investigate whether policing of worker‐laid eggs is context‐dependent (i.e. depends on worker origin of eggs and/or colony stage). We introduced artificial egg cells containing eggs laid by either natal or non‐natal workers into colonies of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris both before and after their competition points and observed the fate of introduced egg cells and eggs. In both colony stages, the majority of introduced egg cells and eggs were policed, demonstrating that policing was not activated only after the competition point. However, in the pre‐competition point stage alone, a smaller proportion of non‐natal workers' eggs (15%) remained after 20 h compared to the proportion of natal workers' eggs remaining (24%). More effective policing of non‐natal workers' eggs early in the colony cycle potentially represents an adaptive, context‐dependent response to the stage in the cycle when all worker‐laid eggs are normally unrelated to the natal colony.
Global patterns and drivers of genetic diversity among marine habitat‐forming species
Authors: Figuerola‐Ferrando Laura , Barreiro Aldo , Montero‐Serra Ignasi , Pagès‐Escolà Marta , Garrabou Joaquim , Linares Cristina , Ledoux Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimIntraspecific genetic diversity is one of the pillars of biodiversity, supporting the resilience and evolutionary potential of populations. Yet, our knowledge regarding the patterns of genetic diversity at macroecological scales, so‐called macrogenetic patterns, remains scarce, particularly in marine species. Marine habitat‐forming (MHF) species are key species in some of the most diverse but also most impacted marine ecosystems, such as coral reefs and marine forests. We characterize the patterns and drivers of genetic diversity in MHF species and provide a macrogenetic baseline, which can be used for conservation planning and for future genetic monitoring programmes.LocationGlobal.Time periodContemporary.Major taxa studiedBryozoans, hexacorals, hydrozoans, octocorals, seagrasses, seaweeds, sponges.MethodsWe analysed a database including genetic diversity estimates based on microsatellites in more than 9,000 georeferenced populations from 140 species, which belong to seven animal and plant taxa. Focusing on expected heterozygosity, we used generalized additive models to test the effect of latitude, taxon, and conservation status. We tested the correlation between the species richness and the genetic diversity.ResultsWe reveal a significant but complex biogeographic pattern characterized by a bimodal latitudinal trend influenced by taxonomy. We also report a positive species genetic diversity correlation at the scale of the ecoregions. The difference in genetic diversity between protected and unprotected areas was not significant.Main conclusionsThe contrasting results between MHF animals and plants suggest that the latitudinal genetic diversity patterns observed in MHF species are idiosyncratic, as reported in terrestrial species. Our results support the existence of shared drivers between genetic and species diversities, which remain to be formally identified. Concerning, these macrogenetic patterns are not aligned from the existing network of marine protected areas. Providing the first macrogenetic baseline in MHF species, this study echoes the call regarding the need to consider genetic diversity in biodiversity assessments and management.
Latitudinal patterns of aquatic insect emergence driven by climate
Authors: Nash Liam N. , Zorzetti Lucas W. , Antiqueira Pablo A. P. , Carbone Chris , Romero Gustavo Q. , Kratina Pavel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimEmerging aquatic insects link aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems across the Earth. Their diversity, abundance and functional importance means their emergence is an important phenological event. Nevertheless, aquatic insect emergence is understudied at a global scale compared to other phenological events, despite changing phenology being one of the most significant ecological responses to climate change. Here, we quantitatively describe the global patterns, and key proposed drivers, of seasonal aquatic insect emergence, to further understand how these patterns might change in the future.LocationGlobal.Time Period1950–2018.Major Taxa StudiedEmerging aquatic insects.MethodsWe extracted monthly emergence data from 86 studies across 163 sites to construct 1053 annual emergence curves. We parameterized the curves using two complementary metrics of seasonality, which were modelled against geographical and climatic variables to determine the direct and indirect relationships between them.ResultsWe found clear global trends in aquatic insect emergence patterns across latitude and underlying climates. Between‐month variation and temporal restriction of emergence increased from the equator to the poles, going from small, aseasonal fluctuations in the warm, thermally stable tropics to large, seasonal peaks at cooler, thermally unstable higher latitudes. While emergence trends were associated with gradients of precipitation, temperature was the dominant climatic driver of the latitudinal trend.Main ConclusionsThese findings suggest that with climate warming, aquatic insects will emerge over longer periods, diluted in abundances and displaying less seasonal emergence patterns with smaller between‐month fluctuations. This may result in disruption of ecosystem functions seasonally dependent on aquatic insects, such as riparian predation, pollination and disease transmission. The cross‐ecosystem life cycle of aquatic insects means changes to their seasonal patterns of emergence will have impacts in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Microbiologic outcomes of ceftazidime‐avibactam dosing in patients with sepsis utilizing renal replacement therapies
Authors: El Nekidy Wasim S. , Al Ali Mooza , Abidi Emna , Ghazi Islam M. , Attallah Nizar , El Lababidi Rania , Mooty Mohamad , Ghosn Muriel , Mallat Jihad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe suggested dose of ceftazidime‐avibactam (CEF/AVI) in patient with multidrug resistant organisms and utilizing renal replacement therapies (RRTs) is not validated in clinical studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiologic cure of bacteremia and pneumonia using the recommended CEF/AVI dosing in patients utilizing RRT.MethodsA retrospective observational study conducted at our institution between September 15, 2018 and March 15, 2022. The primary end point was to determine the microbiologic cure. The secondary end points were the clinical cure, 30‐day recurrence, 30‐day all cause mortality.ResultsFifty‐six patients met the inclusion criteria, 36 (64.3%) were males, the median age was 69 (59.5–79.3) years, and the median weight was 69 (60–83.8) kg. Pneumonia represented 34 (60.7%) of infections. Microbiologic cure was achieved in 32 (57%) subjects. However, clinical cure was achieved in 23 (71.9%) patients in the microbiologic cure group versus 12 (50%) in the microbiologic failure group (p = 0.094). The 30‐day recurrence occurred in 2 (6.3%) patients in the microbiologic cure group versus 3 (12.5%) in the microbiologic failure group (p = 0.673). Further, the 30‐day all‐cause mortality was 18 (56.3%) versus 10 (41.7%) in both groups respectively (p = 0.28). The most used dose in patients utilizing continuous veno‐venous hemofiltration (CVVH) was 1.25 g q8h, while the dose was 1.25 g q24h in those who utilized intermittent hemodialysis (IHD). The multivariate logistic regression indicated that bacteremia (OR 41.5 [3.77–46]), Enterobacterales (OR 5.4 [1.04–27.9]), and the drug daily dose (OR 2.33 [1.15–4.72]) were independently associated with microbiologic cure.ConclusionMicrobiologic cure of ceftazidime‐avibactam in patient utilizing CVVH and IHD is dependent on bacteremia diagnosis, the drug daily dose, and bacterial species. These findings need to be replicated in a larger prospective study, with no recommendations in those utilizing RRT.
Satisfaction or gratitude? Exploring the disparate effects of physicians' knowledge sharing on patients' service evaluation in online medical consultations
Authors: Tan Hongying , Zhang Xiaofei , Yang Yefei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe influence of physicians' knowledge sharing on patient satisfaction in online medical consultations (OMCs) has received extensive attention in recent years. However, patient gratitude in OMCs, another crucial outcome for physicians' knowledge sharing, has largely been overlooked. To address this gap, this study attempts to distinguish patient satisfaction from gratitude in OMCs and elucidate the relationship between the sharing process and outcomes. Drawing on the affect theory of social exchange, this study proposes a model that investigates the relative effects of physicians' informational and emotional support during the knowledge‐sharing process on patient satisfaction and gratitude, as well as the contingent roles of physicians' professional seniority and patients' disease severity. The research model is tested by using data from a well‐known online health platform in China. The results indicate that patient gratitude is associated with a more favourable service evaluation than satisfaction in OMCs. Physicians' informational support has a greater effect on patient satisfaction than emotional support, while emotional support has a greater effect on patient gratitude than informational support. Moreover, professional seniority and disease severity positively and negatively moderate the relationship between emotional support and patient gratitude, respectively. A survey‐based experiment is also adopted to validate the research model with self‐reported perceptual measures. This study contributes to the literature on patient gratitude, online healthcare service evaluation, knowledge sharing, and the affect theory of social exchange.
Weaving Evidence into Action for Veterans with dementia (WEAVE): Codesigning the implementation of nonpharmacological interventions for programme fidelity and sustainability
Authors: Meyer Claudia , Golenko Xanthe , Cyarto Elizabeth V. , O'Keefe Fleur , Cooley Josh , Bonney Gwen , Min Mina , Lowthian Judy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRationaleChallenges associated with translating evidence into practice are well recognised and calls for effective strategies to reduce the time lag and successfully embed evidence‐based practices into usual care are loud and clear. While a plethora of nonpharmacological interventions for people with dementia exist; few are based on strong evidence and there is little consideration for programme operationalisation in the complex environment of long‐term care.Aims and ObjectivesThis paper describes the preparation for the implementation of the Weaving Evidence into Action for Veterans with dementia project, incorporating the codesign of delivery of four evidence‐based, nonpharmacological interventions.MethodImplementation preparation for this type 2 hybrid effectiveness‐implementation project was underpinned by the Implementation Framework for Aged Care (IFAC). A sociocultural–political contextual scan was undertaken, and reflection on the IFAC question ‘why change?’ with key stakeholders. Delivery of the four interventions of music therapy, exercise, reminiscence therapy and sensory modulation was explored using codesign methodology. Preparation of both intervention delivery personnel and recipients was via training, establishment of a change team and promotional/awareness‐raising strategies.ResultsThe contextual scan revealed Australian government reforms and organisational imperatives facing long‐term care services, while reflections on ‘why change’ flagged best practice dementia care at the local care home level. Several codesign sessions involved veterans with dementia, family members, care home staff members and volunteers to ensure programme alignment with needs and preferences, accounting for existing activities. Training was designed and delivered before programme commencement. A change team was established and strategies to support behaviour change instigated. Implementation evaluation is reported elsewhere.ConclusionThe extended preparatory period for implementation, afforded by the COVID‐19 pandemic on programme commencement, enabled time for widespread understanding of the programme and necessary upskill of staff. Comprehensive codesign with all stakeholders of programme components identified core and flexible elements necessary for fidelity of implementation.
Decision‐To‐Scope Score: A novel tool with excellent accuracy in predicting foreign bodies in the esophagus
Authors: Macedo Silva Vítor , Lima Capela Tiago , Freitas Marta , Cúrdia Gonçalves Tiago , Boal Carvalho Pedro , Rosa Bruno , Cotter José 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionForeign body (FB) ingestion is a common indication for urgent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Nevertheless, most pass spontaneously through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Differently from GI bleeding, there is no validated score aiming to identify “low‐risk” patients in suspected FB ingestion. We aimed to create a score able to discriminate patients who are candidates to emergent EGD in this scenario.MethodsRetrospective study of consecutive patients admitted for suspected FB in the upper GI tract between 2016 and 2021. The evaluated outcome was endoscopic confirmation of FB in the esophagus. Variables significantly associated with the outcome on multivariate analysis were computed into a score predicting endoscopic confirmation.ResultsWe included 228 patients. From these, 97 (42.5%) had a confirmed FB in EGD. Time since ingestion <6 h (OR = 4.0; P = 0.042), absence of any meal after FB ingestion (OR = 7.1; P = 0.005), dysphagia (OR = 11.8; P < 0.001), odynophagia (OR = 4.6; P = 0.004), and drooling (OR = 15.1; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of confirmed FB. These variables were used to compute a FB predicting score—the Decision‐To‐Scope (DTS) Score: time since ingestion <6 h (+1 point), absence of meals (+2 points), dysphagia (+3 points), odynophagia (+1 point), and drooling (+4 points). DTS‐Score had excellent accuracy to predict the outcome (AUC = 0.953; 95%CI = 0.928–0.977; P < 0.001). The optimal cutoff to identify low‐risk patients was a score ≤5 (sensitivity 85.0% and specificity 94.7%).ConclusionsMore than half of the suspected FB were not confirmed by EGD. The DTS‐Score presented excellent accuracy at stratifying patients' risk and may contribute to the decision to perform emergent EGD in suspected FB ingestion.