bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal smoking during pregnancy negatively affects brain volumes proportional to intracranial volume in adolescents born very preterm
Authors: Ekblad Mikael O. , Ngum Peter , Merisaari Harri , Saunavaara Virva , Parkkola Riitta , Setänen Sirkku 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundMaternal smoking during pregnancy has been shown to associate with smaller frontal lobe and cerebellar volumes in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term age in very preterm infants. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on volumetric brain MRI findings at 13 years. We hypothesized that adverse effects of smoking during pregnancy on brain volumes are still seen during adolescence.MethodsIncluded adolescents were born very preterm (gestational age &lt; 32 weeks and/or birth weight ≤ 1,500 g) between April 2004 and December 2006 at the Turku University Hospital, Finland. Information on maternal smoking status (yes or no) during pregnancy was collected from medical records and maternal questionnaires before discharge. Adolescents underwent volumetric brain MRI at 13 years of age. Image post-processing was performed with FreeSurfer. Regional volumes, cortical thickness, surface area, and curvature were computed from 33 cortical regions of interest (ROIs). Additionally, volumes were calculated for 18 subcortical regions, as well as for white matter, gray matter, and intracranial volume. We normalized quantified absolute volumes for head size by dividing volumes with corresponding intracranial volumes. false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple comparisons across regions was used.ResultsA total of 9/44 (21%) adolescents had been exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. No statistically significant differences in absolute volumes were observed between the groups (p &gt; 0.05). Regarding volumes proportional to intracranial volume, the adolescents in the exposed group exhibited smaller gray matter volumes in the inferotemporal (FDR corrected p = 0.022) and parahippocampal (p = 0.018) regions compared to the unexposed group. The surface area in the exposed group was also smaller in the parahippocampal (p = 0.046) and postcentral (p = 0.046) regions compared to the unexposed group. No statistically significant differences after correction for multiple comparisons were found for either curvature or cortical thickness between the groups.ConclusionMaternal smoking exposure during pregnancy may have long-term effects on brain volumes up to 13 years in adolescents born very preterm. Our findings emphasize the importance of smoking-free pregnancy.
Pre-existing Toxoplasma gondii infection increases susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures independent of traumatic brain injury in mice
Authors: Baker Tamara L. , Uboldi Alessandro D. , Tonkin Christopher J. , Wright David K. , Vo Anh , Wilson Trevor , Mychasiuk Richelle , McDonald Stuart J. , Semple Bridgette D. , Sun Mujun , Shultz Sandy R. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPost-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a debilitating chronic outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and neuroinflammation is implicated in increased seizure susceptibility and epileptogenesis. However, how common clinical factors, such as infection, may modify neuroinflammation and PTE development has been understudied. The neurotropic parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) incurably infects one-third of the world’s population. Thus, many TBI patients have a pre-existing T. gondii infection at the time of injury. T. gondii infection results in chronic low-grade inflammation and altered signaling pathways within the brain, and preliminary clinical evidence suggest that it may be a risk factor for epilepsy. Despite this, no studies have considered how a pre-existing T. gondii infection may alter the development of PTE.MethodsThis study aimed to provide insight into this knowledge gap by assessing how a pre-existing T. gondii infection alters susceptibility to, and severity of, pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures (i.e., a surrogate marker of epileptogenesis/PTE) at a chronic stage of TBI recovery. We hypothesized that T. gondii will increase the likelihood and severity of seizures following PTZ administration, and that this would occur in the presence of intensified neuroinflammation. To test this, 6-week old male and female C57BL/6 Jax mice were intraperitoneally injected with 50,000 T. gondii tachyzoites or with the PBS vehicle only. At 12-weeks old, mice either received a severe TBI via controlled cortical impact or sham injury. At 18-weeks post-injury, mice were administered 40 mg/kg PTZ and video-recorded for evaluation of seizure susceptibility. Fresh cortical tissue was then collected for gene expression analyses.ResultsAlthough no synergistic effects were evident between infection and TBI, chronic T. gondii infection alone had robust effects on the PTZ-seizure response and gene expression of markers related to inflammatory, oxidative stress, and glutamatergic pathways. In addition to this, females were more susceptible to PTZ-induced seizures than males. While TBI did not impact PTZ responses, injury effects were evident at the molecular level.DiscussionOur data suggests that a pre-existing T. gondii infection is an important modifier of seizure susceptibility independent of brain injury, and considerable attention should be directed toward delineating the mechanisms underlying this pro-epileptogenic factor.
Latilactobacillus sakei Furu2019 and stachyose as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics alleviate constipation in mice
Authors: Guo Yanan , Song Liqiong , Huang Yuanming , Li Xianping , Xiao Yuchun , Wang Zhihuan , Ren Zhihong 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionSlow transit constipation (STC) is a common disorder in the digestive system. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of stachyose (ST) and Latilactobacillus sakei Furu 2019 (L. sakei) alone or combined on diphenoxylate-induced constipation and explore the underlying mechanisms using a mouse model.MethodsICR mice were randomly divided into five groups. The normal and constipation model groups were intragastrically administrated with PBS. The ST, L. sakei, and synbiotic groups were intragastrically administrated with ST (1.5 g/kg body weight), alive L. sakei (3 × 109 CFU/mouse), or ST + L. sakei (1.5 g/kg plus 3 × 109 CFU/mouse), respectively. After 21 days of intervention, all mice except the normal mice were intragastrically administrated with diphenoxylate (10 mg/kg body weight). Defecation indexes, constipation-related intestinal factors, serum neurotransmitters, hormone levels, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and intestinal microbiota were measured.ResultsOur results showed that three interventions with ST, L. sakei, and synbiotic combination (ST + L. sakei) all alleviated constipation, and synbiotic intervention was superior to ST or L. sakei alone in some defecation indicators. The RT-PCR and immunohistochemical experiment showed that all three interventions relieved constipation by affecting aquaporins (AQP4 and AQP8), interstitial cells of Cajal (SCF and c-Kit), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS). The three interventions exhibited a different ability to increase the serum excitatory neurotransmitters and hormones (5-hydroxytryptamine, substance P, motilin), and reduce the serum inhibitory neurotransmitters (vasoactive intestinal peptide, endothelin). The result of 16S rDNA sequencing of feces showed that synbiotic intervention significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia, and regulated the gut microbes of STC mice. In conclusion, oral administration of ST or L. sakei alone or combined are all effective to relieve constipation and the symbiotic use may have a promising preventive effect on STC.
Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution
Authors: Zhang Hehua , Xia Yang , Zhang Xiangsu , Chang Qing , Zhao Yuhong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundNutritional management is the cornerstone of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention. High quality instead of low quantity of carbohydrate intake has been paying attention in controlling glycemia. Air pollution exposure can be interacted with dietary sourced nutrients, which may modify the associations with GDM. This study aims to explore the associations between overall quality of carbohydrate intake and GDM as well as the modifying effect of prenatal air pollution exposure.MethodsCarbohydrate quality index (CQI) was calculated was calculated by summing scores of the four components; Land use regression prediction models were used to assess the air pollution exposure levels. GDM definition was based on 75 g glucose tolerance test results. Associations between pre-pregnancy CQI, pre-natal air pollution as well as the modifying effect on GDM were explored based on a birth cohort in China.ResultsA total of 3,183 participants were included, of which 784 (24.63%) were diagnosed with GDM. Higher pre-pregnancy CQI was associated with a lower incidence of GDM [odds ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56–0.99, Pfor trend = 0.04], especially for higher fasting blood glucose related GDM (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91). Higher air pollution exposure before and during pregnancy was associated with a greater risk of GDM. Higher exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of &lt; 2.5 μm (Pfor interaction &lt; 0.01), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of &lt; 10 μm (Pfor interaction &lt; 0.01), and sulfur dioxide (Pfor interaction = 0.02) during pregnancy decreased the beneficial effect of high pre-pregnancy CQI on GDM.ConclusionCQI related dietary interventions pre-pregnancy to prevent GDM incidence should be considered. Women who are planning to be pregnant should avoid high exposure to air pollution during pregnancy.
Peliminary exploration on the differential diagnosis between meningioma and schwannoma using contrast-enhanced T1WI flow-sensitive black-blood sequence
Authors: Cao Xin , Lv Kun , Xu Siting , Feng Zhe , Yin Xuyang , Pan Lei , Geng Daoying , Zhang Jun 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionContrast-enhanced T1WI flow-sensitive black-blood (CE-T1WI FSBB) is a newly developed sequence which had not been widely used for differential diagnosis of brain tumors.MethodsTo quantify the pre-operative imaging features of intratumoral microbleeds and intratumoral vessels using CE-T1WI FSBB scan and study the differences in biological behavior of meningiomas and schwannomas underlying the imaging features. Seventy-three cases of meningiomas and 24 cases of schwannomas confirmed by postoperative pathology were included. Two neuroradiologists independently counted intratumoral vessels and intratumoral microbleeds based on CE-T1WI FSBB images. The vessel density index (VDI) and microbleed density index (MDI) were the number of intratumoral vessels and the number of intratumoral microbleeds divided by the tumor volume, respectively. The consistency test of intratumoral vessel count and intratumoral microbleed count based on CE-T1WI FSBB were summarized using 2-way random intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Mann–Whitney U-test and chi-square test were used to determine significant differences between meningiomas and schwannomas, and fibrous meningiomas and epithelial meningiomas. P&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe ICC of intratumoral vessels count and intratumoral microbleeds count were 0.89 and 0.99, respectively. There were significant differences in the number of intratumoral microbleeds (P&lt;0.01) and MDI values (P&lt;0.01) between meningiomas and schwannomas. There were no differences in the number of intratumoral vessels (P=0.64), VDI (P=0.17), or tumor volume (P=0.33). There were also differences in the number of intratumoral microbleeds (P&lt;0.01), the MDI value (P&lt;0.01), and the sex of patients (P&lt;0.05) between fibrous meningiomas and epithelial meningiomas.DiscussionCE-T1WI FSBB can be a new technique for differentiating schwannomas from meningiomas, and even different types of meningiomas. Schwannomas have a higher incidence of intratumoral hemorrhage, more intratumoral microbleeds, and higher MDI values than meningiomas, which provides a new basis for preoperative differential diagnosis and treatment decisions.
Impact of telehealth interventions on physiological and psychological outcomes in breast cancer survivors: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Ajmera Puneeta , Miraj Mohammad , Kalra Sheetal , Goyal Ramesh K. , Chorsiya Varsha , Shaik Riyaz Ahamed , Alzhrani Msaad , Alanazi Ahmad , Alqahtani Mazen , Miraj Shaima Ali , Pawaria Sonia , Mehta Vini 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe use of telehealth interventions has been evaluated in different perspectives in women and also supported with various clinical trials, but its overall efficacy is still ascertained. The objective of the present review is to identify, appraise and analyze randomized controlled trials on breast cancer survivors who have participated in technology-based intervention programs incorporating a wide range of physical and psychological outcome measures.Material and methodsWe conducted electronic search of the literature during last twenty years i.e., from 2001 till August 10, 2021 through four databases. Standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval was used.ResultsA total of 56 records were included in the qualitative and 28 in quantitative analysis. Pooled results show that telehealth interventions were associated with improved quality of life (SMD 0.48, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.92, p=0.04), reduced depression (SMD -1.27, 95% CI =-2.43 to -0.10 p=0.03), low distress and less perceived stress (SMD -0.40, 95% CI =-0.68 to -0.12, p=0.005). However, no significant differences were observed on weight change (SMD -0.27, 95% CI =-2.39 to 1.86, p=0.81) and anxiety scores (SMD -0.09, 95% CI =-0.20 to 0.02, p=0.10) between the two groups. Improvement in health care competence and fitness among participants was also reported.ConclusionStudy concludes that telehealth care is a quick, convenient and assuring approach to breast cancer care in women that can reduce treatment burden and subsequent disturbance to the lives of breast cancer survivors.
Epidemiological analysis of hydrometra and its predictive value in gynecological tumors
Authors: Wu Jianfa , Wang Sihong , Zhang Li , Wu Suqin , Liu Zhou 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionHydrometra is a common gynecological disease, especially in postmenopausal women. However, its epidemiology, harmfulness, and value in predicting gynecological tumors have not been clearly elucidated.MethodsIn this study, the prevalence rate of and risk factors for hydrometra were investigated in 3,903 women who underwent screening for gynecological diseases at Zhoupu Hospital in Shanghai from 1 January to 31 December 2021. In addition, pathological distribution of hydrometra and its predictive value in gynecological tumors were studied in another 186 patients in whom hydrometra was diagnosed sonographically at Zhoupu Hospital, from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021, and who underwent hysteroscopy and postoperative pathological examination.ResultsThe observed prevalence rate of hydrometra was 10.86%, which was higher than the prevalence of other gynecological diseases. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that advanced age (OR 1.11) and vaginitis (OR 3.18) were independent risk factors for hydrometra. Among 186 patients with a sonographic diagnosis of uterine fluid, simple hydrometra accounted for 34.41% of cases, inflammation accounted for 16.23%, and hematometra accounted for 2.15%, while gynecological tumors accounted for 5.91%. Moreover, univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that a higher body mass index (&gt;23.92 kg/m2), greater hydrometra volume (i.e., distance between the two layers of endometrium&gt;4.75 mm), and abnormal vaginal bleeding were high-risk predictive factors for gynecological tumors.DiscussionIn conclusion, hydrometra is a common disease, and is a risk factor for endometrial cancer and cervical cancer, especially in patients with higher hydrometra volume, higher BMI, and abnormal vaginal bleeding. It is necessary to pay more attention to hydrometra.
Knowledge atlas of antibody-drug conjugates on CiteSpace and clinical trial visualization analysis
Authors: Yao Peizhuo , Zhang Yinbin , Zhang Shuqun , Wei Xinyu , Liu Yanbin , Du Chong , Hu Mingyou , Feng Cong , Li Jia , Zhao Fang , Li Chaofan , Li Zhen , Du Lisha 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveAntibody-drugs conjugates (ADCs) are novel drugs with highly targeted and tumor-killing abilities and developing rapidly. This study aimed to evaluate drug discovery and clinical trials of and explore the hotspots and frontiers from 2012 to 2022 using bibliometric methods.MethodsPublications on ADCs were retrieved between 2012 and 2022 from Web of Science (WoS) and analyzed with CiteSpace 6.1.R2 software for the time, region, journals, institutions, etc. Clinical trials were downloaded from clinical trial.org and visualized with Excel software.ResultsA total of 696 publications were obtained and 187 drug trials were retrieved. Since 2012, research on ADCs has increased year by year. Since 2020, ADC-related research has increased dramatically, with the number of relevant annual publications exceeding 100 for the first time. The United States is the most authoritative and superior country and region in the field of ADCs. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center is the most authoritative institution in this field. Research on ADCs includes two clinical trials and one review, which are the most influential references. Clinical trials of ADCs are currently focused on phase I and phase II. Comprehensive statistics and analysis of the published literature and clinical trials in the field of ADCs, have shown that the most studied drug is brentuximab vedotin (BV), the most popular target is human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and breast cancer may become the main trend and hotspot for ADCs indications in recent years.ConclusionAntibody-drug conjugates have become the focus of targeted therapies in the field of oncology. The innovation of technology and combination application strategy will become the main trend and hotspots in the future.
Deep learning radiomic analysis of DCE-MRI combined with clinical characteristics predicts pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Li Yuting , Fan Yaheng , Xu Dinghua , Li Yan , Zhong Zhangnan , Pan Haoyu , Huang Bingsheng , Xie Xiaotong , Yang Yang , Liu Bihua 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop and validate a deep learning-based radiomic (DLR) model combined with clinical characteristics for predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer. For early prediction of pCR, the DLR model was based on pre-treatment and early treatment dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study included 95 women (mean age, 48.1 years; range, 29–77 years) who underwent DCE-MRI before (pre-treatment) and after two or three cycles of NAC (early treatment) from 2018 to 2021. The patients in this study were randomly divided into a training cohort (n=67) and a validation cohort (n=28) at a ratio of 7:3. Deep learning and handcrafted features were extracted from pre- and early treatment DCE-MRI contoured lesions. These features contribute to the construction of radiomic signature RS1 and RS2 representing information from different periods. Mutual information and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used for feature selection. A combined model was then developed based on the DCE-MRI features and clinical characteristics. The performance of the models was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and compared using the DeLong test.ResultsThe overall pCR rate was 25.3% (24/95). One radiomic feature and three deep learning features in RS1, five radiomic features and 11 deep learning features in RS2, and five clinical characteristics remained in the feature selection. The performance of the DLR model combining pre- and early treatment information (AUC=0.900) was better than that of RS1 (AUC=0.644, P=0.068) and slightly higher that of RS2 (AUC=0.888, P=0.604) in the validation cohort. The combined model including pre- and early treatment information and clinical characteristics showed the best ability with an AUC of 0.925 in the validation cohort.ConclusionThe combined model integrating pre-treatment, early treatment DCE-MRI data, and clinical characteristics showed good performance in predicting pCR to NAC in patients with breast cancer. Early treatment DCE-MRI and clinical characteristics may play an important role in evaluating the outcomes of NAC by predicting pCR.
Rare primary bladder mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Tu Xi , Zhuang Xiyao , Li Fen , Huang Chaoyou , Qian Youliang 
Published: January 2023

Primary bladder mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an extremely rare bladder tumor. Only scarce reports have been reported. We hereby report a case of an 81-year-old female patient with bladder tumor presenting with frequent urination and dysuria, whose pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) considered bladder cancer. She underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT), and histopathology confirmed the mass to be bladder MALT lymphoma. The patient refused further treatment, and no disease recurrence one year after surgery. The current data are insufficient to draw conclusions about the long-term efficacy of treatment for this tumor, regular follow-up is necessary. To further understand the clinical features, pathology, treatment and prognosis of this tumor, we have searched the literature from 1990 to the present, analyzing a total of 64 cases of primary MALT lymphoma.