bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 3D printable and self‐healing polydimethylsiloxane elastomer
Authors: Wei Zi‐Xing , Wang Hong‐Qin , Li Cheng‐Hui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSilicone elastomers are broadly used in various fields because of their unique properties, such as flexibility, durable dielectric insulation, and excellent stability in hash environments. As a result, three‐dimensional (3D) printing of silicone elastomers is frequently required to construct personalized structures. However, existing 3D‐printing of silicone elastomers are less accurate, difficult to maintain shape, or require doping modification with thixotropic agents. Moreover, common 3D‐printable silicone elastomers do not have self‐healing capability, so they have to be discarded upon damaging. Herein, by introducing hydrogen bonds to improve the shape retention ability and induce network reversibility, we have developed a self‐healing polydimethylsiloxane elastomer, which can be readily 3D‐printed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. We believe that this new silicone elastomer would be useful in the field of biomedical materials, flexible electronics, medical inserts, soft robots and so on.
Bt corn hybrids expressing mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab Proteins protect corn roots against western corn rootworm injury
Authors: Oyediran Isaac , Rice Marlin E. , Conville Jared , Boudreau Eric , Morsello Shannon , Burd Tony 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is one of the most serious pests of corn (Zea mays L.) In 2017 and 2018, studies were conducted in fields with and without known unexpected root injury to Cry3Bb1, to determine root protection by Bt corn hybrids expressing both mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab insecticidal crystal proteins, and hybrids expressing either mCry3A or eCry3.1Ab only against the WCR root injury. Node injury was evaluated using the Iowa State University 0–3 node‐injury scale (NIS), and the consistency of root protection was also determined.RESULTSIn 2017, with medium to high larval feeding pressure, the Bt corn hybrids expressing both mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab in the breeding stack, molecular stack, and Bt corn hybrid expressing eCry3.1Ab only, sustained low node injury compared with Bt corn hybrid expressing mCry3A only, and the non‐Bt corn. In 2018, with low larval feeding pressure in most of the locations, node injury was not different for the Bt and Non‐Bt corn hybrids. Across all locations in both years, the Bt corn hybrids expressing both mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab provided better and consistent node injury protection.CONCLUSIONBt corn hybrids expressing both mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab proteins provided better root protection and consistency than the Bt corn hybrid expressing mCry3A only, and non‐Bt. Therefore, stacking of Bt traits will be the best option for managing insect resistance. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Implementing the EXPEDITE parenteral induction protocol: Rapid parenteral treprostinil titration and transition to oral treprostinil
Authors: Kingrey John F. , Miller Chad E. , Franco Veronica , Smith Jimmy S. , Zolty Ronald , Oudiz Ronald J. , Elwing Jean M. , Huston Jessica H. , Melendres‐Groves Lana , Ravichandran Ashwin , Balasubramanian Vijay , Wu Benjamin , Hwang Stephanie , Seaman Scott , Broderick Meredith , Rahaghi Franck F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTreprostinil is a prostacyclin analogue that targets multiple cellular receptors to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In certain scenarios, patients may require aggressive treprostinil titration. Several studies have demonstrated that higher doses of treprostinil lead to greater clinical benefit. Data supports successful transitions from parenteral to oral treprostinil; however, administration routes, transition duration, and transition setting vary in the real‐world. The EXPEDITE clinical trial (NCT03497689) prospectively studied whether rapid parenteral treprostinil induction can be used to achieve high doses of oral treprostinil (total daily dose: ≥12 mg) in prostacyclin naïve PAH patients. Parenteral prostacyclin induction may be more appropriate for patients who need to reach therapeutic dosing more urgently than longer titration durations reported with conventional de novo oral treprostinil initiation. This summary provides strategies utilized in EXPEDITE. Parenteral treprostinil was initiated at 2 ng/kg/min intravenously or subcutaneously; clinicians determined the frequency and dose increment of up‐titration. Two distinct transition schedules from parenteral to oral treprostinil were employed: rapid cross‐titration in an inpatient setting (median: 2 days) or gradual cross‐titration in an outpatient setting (median: 5 days). Patient status was closely monitored after transition; oral treprostinil dose was titrated to clinical effect and tolerability. Factors considered when individualizing dosing strategies included parenteral and oral treprostinil target doses, nursing support, patient education, medication counseling and adverse events management. EXPEDITE demonstrated the time to a therapeutic dose of oral treprostinil is significantly shorter when utilizing a short‐term parenteral induction strategy and may be suitable for patients requiring aggressive titration of oral treprostinil.
Impact of assimilating Aeolus observations in the global model ICON: A global statistical overview
Authors: Martin Anne , Weissmann Martin , Cress Alexander 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobal wind profiles provided by the satellite mission Aeolus are an important recent supplement to the Global Observing System. This study investigates the impact of Aeolus horizontal line‐of‐sight wind observations in the operational global assimilation and forecasting system of Deutscher Wetterdienst that is based on the Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) model. For this purpose, an observing system experiment was conducted and evaluated for a 3‐month period from July 2020 to October 2020. The Aeolus Rayleigh clear and Mie cloudy data quality and consistency were derived from observation minus background statistics. To correct for an altitude‐dependent bias, a model‐based bias correction scheme has been implemented. Comparisons of the systematic changes in the analysis and the respective forecasts provide an overview of the overall impact of the Aeolus horizontal line‐of‐sight wind assimilation in ICON. Increased influence of Aeolus wind profiles is found in jet regimes (e.g., amplification of the zonal wind component), around large‐scale circulation systems, and convectively active areas in the Tropics. The reduction in forecast error is largest in the tropical upper troposphere and stratosphere, as well as in the mid and upper troposphere of the Southern Hemisphere. The Northern Hemisphere shows a somewhat smaller but still beneficial impact of Aeolus observations. The verification with other conventional observations shows a mean relative reduction in short‐range forecast error between 0.1% and 0.6% in the Northern Hemisphere and up to 1.6% in the Tropics and the Southern Hemisphere. When verifying against the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecast Reanalysis v5, forecast errors of zonal wind, temperature, and geopotential up to 5 days lead time are reduced by 2–4% on global average and up to 5–8% around the tropical tropopause.
Assimilating FY3D‐MWRI 23.8 GHz observations in the CMA‐GFS 4DVAR system based on a pseudo All‐Sky data assimilation method
Authors: Xie Hejun , Han Wei , Bi Lei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the current operational four‐dimensional variational (4DVar) data assimilation (DA) system of the Global Forecast System developed by the China Meteorology Administration (CMA‐GFS), all microwave observation data in cloud and precipitation regions are discarded during pre‐processing. This study implemented a Pseudo All‐Sky DA (referred to as PAS‐DA hereafter) subsystem in the operational cycle version of the CMA‐GFS (CMA‐GFS v3.2). The term “pseudo” in this study indicates that the Jacobians of brightness temperature with respect to hydrometeors from the adjoint radiative transfer model were temporarily neglected. Specifically, a liquid hydrometeor sensitive channel (23.8 GHz V pol.) of the MicroWave Radiation Imager on the platform of FengYun‐3D (FY3D‐MWRI) was selected to assess the impact of the all‐sky assimilation approach using the PAS‐DA subsystem. In the observation error model, we proposed a new cumulative distribution function (CDF) bias correction method for the cloud proxy in consideration of large discrepancies between the probability density functions (PDFs) of the observed‐cloud‐proxy and simulated‐cloud‐proxy (known as “cloud bias”). Results of single‐observation experiments justified that the present PAS‐DA subsystem could extend analysis increments to cloud regions, meanwhile correcting the errors of humidity analysis according to the mislocation of cloud distributions. In addition, the forecast experiments that were run for 1 month of the 6 hr PAS‐DA cycle in July and August 2021 demonstrate obvious superiority of the PAS‐DA over the current operational clear‐sky DA cycle: (a) root‐mean‐square errors (RMSEs) of humidity analysis were reduced by about 10% in the tropics, (b) significant improvements in humidity forecasts could be sustained for 96 hr and (c) many other forecast scores in the tropics and Southern Hemisphere also benefit from the PAS‐DA approach. Therefore, the PAS‐DA could be used for all‐sky assimilation studies and particularly for understanding how the all‐sky assimilation approach works, although the PAS‐DA serves as a transition scheme from the clear‐sky to “true” all‐sky DA.
Availability analysis of redundant and replicated cloud services with Bayesian networks
Authors: Bibartiu Otto , Dürr Frank , Rothermel Kurt , Ottenwälder Beate , Grau Andreas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to the growing complexity of modern data centers, failures are not uncommon any more. Therefore, fault tolerance mechanisms play a vital role in fulfilling the availability requirements. Multiple availability models have been proposed to assess compute systems, among which Bayesian network models have gained popularity in industry and research due to its powerful modeling formalism. In particular, this work focuses on assessing the availability of redundant and replicated cloud computing services with Bayesian networks. So far, research on availability has only focused on modeling either infrastructure or communication failures in Bayesian networks, but have not considered both simultaneously. This work addresses practical modeling challenges of assessing the availability of large‐scale redundant and replicated services with Bayesian networks, including cascading and common‐cause failures from the surrounding infrastructure and communication network. In order to ease the modeling task, this paper introduces a high‐level modeling formalism to build such a Bayesian network automatically. Performance evaluations demonstrate the feasibility of the presented Bayesian network approach to assess the availability of large‐scale redundant and replicated services. This model is not only applicable in the domain of cloud computing it can also be applied for general cases of local and geo‐distributed systems.
Virtual operation for hip joint replacement implemented by Sensable_FreeForm_Modelling: A surgical drill
Authors: Peng Matthew JianQiao , Lin Ze , Tan ZhiJia , Hu Yong , Chen Peikai , To Michael Kai‐Tsun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo design a virtual operation of joint replacement for surgical drills using a haptic device, SenSable_FreeForm_Modelling (SFM), to enhance surgeons' efficiency and enable “Virtual tutorial without reality” for interns.MethodA patient with hip joint osteoarthritis is randomly selected to perform Total Hip Replacement (THR). The hip images were input into Mimics in the format of *.dicom after CT scan and then exported to SFM using the stereolithographic (*.stl) format. A surgical toolkit can be created virtually with Computer Aided Design software such as Pro‐E or Ghost SDK and a visual drill scenario of THR directed by a force‐respondent stick, namely Phantom.Result3D models of the hip joint were rebuilt illustrating clearly that the geometrical shapes of the surgical equipment created are similar to real instruments, and the THR operation is emulated distinctly in novelty.ConclusionIn obedience to an ancient maxim, so called ‘genuine knowledge originated from practice’, this simulative operation offers hands‐on experience for students in the orthopaedics field with remarkable effects, contributing not only teaching cases for medical courses but also a planning basis for physical surgery.
Design and evaluation of shape memory alloy‐actuated active needle using finite element analysis and deflection tracking control in soft tissues
Authors: Acharya Sharad Raj , Hutapea Parsaoran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundConventional needles lack active mechanisms for large tip deflection to bypass obstacles or guide through a desired trajectory in needle‐based procedures, compromising accuracy and effectiveness.MethodsAn active needle with a shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator was designed and evaluated by demonstrating deflections in tissue‐mimicking gels. Finite element simulation and real‐time needle tip deflection tracking in tissue‐mimicking gels were performed.ResultsThe active needle deflected 50 and 39 mm at 150 mm insertion depth in the liver and prostate mimicking gels, respectively. Reasonable simulation errors of 16.42% and 12.62% in needle deflections and small root mean squared errors of 1.42 and 1.47 mm in deflection tracking were obtained.ConclusionsThe proposed needle produced desirable large tip deflections capable of bypassing obstacles in the insertion path and tracked a preplanned trajectory with minor errors. The finite element study would help optimise needle designs and predict deflections in soft tissues.
A Bimetallic Porphyrin Metal Organic Framework as Multifunctional Catalysts for CO2 Cycloaddition and Alkyne Hydration
Authors: Zhang Yuqiang , Wang Sheng , Yang Wenqing , Zhang Zhiyan , Li Xiaoxuan , Feng Yisi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHere, a post synthetic modification strategy is presented to prepare multifunctional Bi−MOF−Co by introducing Co atom into the porphyrin units of bismuth‐porphyrin metal organic framework (Bi−MOF). Under milder conditions (0.1 MPa, 80 °C), CO2 cycloaddition is achieved to form cyclic carbonate in 96 % yield catalyzed by Bi−MOF−Co. The recyclability of catalysts is confirmed by five cycle experiments without loss of activity. Moreover, alkyne hydration is also catalyzed by Bi−MOF−Co in 99 % yield. The hydration protocol exhibites excellent functional group compatibility.
Protonation Constant Determination of Some Benzimidazole‐Based Drug Candidates by Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography Method and Cytotoxic Activity Studies
Authors: Başat Dereli Dilara , Akkoc Senem , Çubuk Demiralay Ebru 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, the chromatographic behavior of basic nitrogen in the structure of synthesized compounds containing some benzimidazolium salts (SA‐61, SA‐63, SA‐97) was determined in hydro‐organic mixtures containing polar aprotic acetonitrile and polar protic water. Protonation constant (values of studied compounds in 40, 45, 50, and 55 % (v/v) acetonitrile‐water binary mixtures at 37 °C were obtained by using the reverse phase liquid chromatography method. The method is based on a model that relates the chromatographic behavior of the determined analytes to pH. The relationship between the calculatedvalues and the macroscopic properties of acetonitrile was investigated. The agreement between the pKavalues in the water medium determined by this approach was determined by the t‐test. Using Abraham's solute parameters, thevalues at 25 °C were also estimated without performing an experimental study. By using thevalue calculated for each compound, the ionization percentages were calculated at different pH (1–12) values with the Henderson‐Hasselbalch equation. The above‐mentioned compounds were also tested on human lung and liver cancer cell lines using the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method for 48 h. One of the compounds (SA‐97) demonstrated antiproliferative effect against both cell lines screened.
High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries Enabled by 3D Nanoflowers Comprised of Ternary Sn‐Based Dichalcogenides Embedded in Nitrogen and Sulfur Dual‐Doped Carbon
Authors: Zheng Yayun , Wei Shasha , Shang Jitao , Wang Du , Lei Cheng , Zhao Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo make sodium‐ion batteries a realistic option for everyday energy storage, a practicable method is to enhance the kinetics of Na+ reactions through the development of structurally stable electrode materials. This study utilizes ternary Sn‐based dichalcogenide (SnS1.5Se0.5) in the design of electrode material to tackle several issues that adversely hinder the performance and longevity of sodium‐ion batteries. First, the incorporation of Se into the SnS structure enhances its electrical conductivity and stability. Second, the ternary composition restricts the formation of intermediates during the desodiation/sodiation process, resulting in better electrode reaction reversibility. Finally, SnS1.5Se0.5 lowers the diffusion barrier of Na, thereby facilitating rapid and efficient ion transport within the electrode material. Moreover, nitrogen and sulfur dual‐doped carbon (NS‐C) is used to enhance surface chemistry and ionic/electrical conductivity of SnS1.5Se0.5, leading to a pseudocapacitive storage effect that presents a promising potential for high‐performance energy storage devices. The study has successfully developed a SnS1.5Se0.5/NS‐C anode, exhibiting remarkable rate capability and cycle stability, retaining a capacity of 647 mAh g−1 even after 10 000 cycles at 5 A g−1 in half‐cell tests. In full‐cell tests, Na3V2(PO4)3//SnS1.5Se0.5/NS‐C delivers a high energy density of 176.6 Wh kg−1. In addition, the Na+ storage mechanism of SnS1.5Se0.5/NS‐C is explored through ex situ tests and DFT calculations. The findings suggest that the ternary Sn‐based dichalcogenides can considerably enhance the performance of the anode, enabling efficient large‐scale storage of sodium. These findings hold great promise for the advancement of high‐performance energy storage devices for practical applications.
Growing Electrocatalytic Conjugated Microporous Polymers on Self‐Standing Carbon Nanotube Films Promotes the Rate Capability of Li–S Batteries
Authors: Jia Yuncan , Chen Shang , Meng Xiaodong , Peng Xiaomeng , Zhou Ji , Zhang Jiawen , Hong Song , Zheng Lirong , Wang Zhongli , Bielawski Christopher W. , Geng Jianxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries hold great promise for widespread application on account of their high theoretical energy density (2600 Wh kg−1) and the advantages of sulfur. Practical use, however, is impeded by the shuttle effect of polysulfides along with sluggish cathode kinetics. it is reported that such deleterious issues can be overcome by using a composite film (denoted as V‐CMP@MWNT) that consists of a conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) embedded with vanadium single‐atom catalysts (V SACs) and a network of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). V‐CMP@MWNT films are fabricated by first electropolymerizing a bidentate ligand designed to coordinate to V metals on self‐standing MWNT films followed by treating the CMP with a solution containing V ions. Li–S cells containing a V‐CMP@MWNT film as interlayer exhibit outstanding performance metrics including a high cycling stability (616 mA h g−1 at 0.5 C after 1000 cycles) and rate capability (804 mA h g−1 at 10 C). An extraordinary area‐specific capacity of 13.2 mA h cm−2 is also measured at a high sulfur loading of 12.2 mg cm−2. The underlying mechanism that enables the V SACs to promote cathode kinetics and suppress the shuttle effect is elucidated through a series of electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques.
Stabilizing Zn Metal Anode Through Regulation of Zn Ion Transfer and Interfacial Behavior with a Fast Ion Conductor Protective Layer
Authors: Guo Na , Peng Zhi , Huo Wenjie , Li Yuehua , Liu Shude , Kang Ling , Wu Xianwen , Dai Lei , Wang Ling , Jun Seong Chan , He Zhangxing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) attract intensive attention owing to their environmental friendliness, cost‐effectiveness, innate safety, and high specific capacity. However, the practical applications of AZIBs are hindered by several adverse phenomena, including corrosion, Zn dendrites, and hydrogen evolution. Herein, a Zn anode decorated with a 3D porous‐structured Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP@Zn) is obtained, where the NVP reconstruct the electrolyte/anode interface. The resulting NVP@Zn anode can provide a large quantity of fast and stable channels, facilitating enhanced Zn ion deposition kinetics and regulating the Zn ions transport process through the ion confinement effect. The NASICON‐type NVP protective layer promote the desolvation process due to its nanopore structure, thus effectively avoiding side reactions. Theoretical calculations indicate that the NVP@Zn electrode has a higher Zn ion binding energy and a higher migration barrier, which demonstrates that NVP protective layer can enhance Zn ion deposition kinetics and prevent the unfettered 2D diffusion of Zn ions. Therefore, the results show that NVP@Zn/MnO2 full cell can maintain a high specific discharge capacity of 168 mAh g−1 and a high‐capacity retention rate of 74.6% after cycling. The extraordinary results obtained with this strategy have confirmed the promising applications of NVP in high‐performance AZIBs.
Development, validation, and measurement uncertainty estimation of automated micro‐solid‐phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography‐triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for the quantitative determination of anti‐tuberculosis drugs in milk samples
Authors: Thati Ramya , Subrahanyam Seetha Bala , Shaik Asif , Mudiam Mohana Krishna Reddy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMilk is one of the most widely consumed animal‐derived food due to its nutritional properties. It is mainly derived from animals, which are being treated with anti‐tuberculosis (anti‐TB) drugs for disease treatment and prevention, hence, these may excrete from animals through milk, thus, pose a threat to consumers. An analytical method based on automated micro‐solid phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography‐triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was developed for the analysis of anti‐TB drugs in milk samples. The developed method was validated and estimated measurement uncertainty for its applicability to routine analysis. The method linearity was in the range of 25–1000 ng/ml with a coefficient of determination between 0.994 and 0.999. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were in the range of 1.342–9.606 and 4.469–31.98 ng/ml, respectively for anti‐TB drugs. The percent recovery was found to be in the range of 82.29%–111.84%, and the expanded uncertainty of the proposed and validated method was observed to be in the range of 2.94%–28.1%. The present method has been able to analyze 16 anti‐TB drugs in different milk samples and was found to be quick, rapid, high‐throughput, cost‐effective, precise and accurate, and useful for routine testing of anti‐tuberculosis drugs in milk samples.