bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Teraktif Kulit Batang Trengguli (Cassia fistula L.) Terhadap Propionibacterium acnes Isolat Klinis dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 dalam Sediaan Salep
Authors: Milanda Tiana , Mustikawati Septiyani , Yohana Chaerunisaa Anis 
Published: March 2023

[Antibacterial Activity of the Most Active Fraction of Trengguli Bark (Cassia fistula L.) Against Propionibacterium acnes Clinical Isolate and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 in Ointment Preparation]
Infeksi bakteri pada kulit umumnya disebabkan oleh Propionibacterium acnes dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tanaman trengguli (Cassia fistula L.) diketahui memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang sangat kuat. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan formulasi sediaan salep antibakteri dari fraksi teraktif kulit batang trengguli. Evaluasi fisik dan uji aktivitas terhadap kedua bakteri uji dilakukan terhadap sediaan dengan pengujian stabilitas setelah 28 hari penyimpanan. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Nilai Konsentrasi Hambat Tumbuh Minimum (KHTM) dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM) ditentukan dengan metode mikrodilusi. Formula salep dibuat dengan konsentrasi fraksi teraktif 2â€“4 X KHTM. Karakteristik fisik dari sediaan yang diamati meliputi perubahan organoleptik, pH, dan viskositas selama penyimpanan. Profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dari fraksi dibandingkan antara sebelum dan setelah dibuat sediaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat sebagai fraksi teraktif memiliki KHTM dan KBM sebesar 175 dan 350 ppm untuk Propionibacterium acnes, serta 400 dan 800 ppm untuk Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Dari hasil evaluasi terhadap formula dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik fisik dari sediaan salep basis hidrofob dan hidrofil tidak berubahÂ selama 28 hari penyimpanan. Dari kedua jenis salep tersebut, salep basis hidrofil memiliki aktivitas lebih baik dengan diameter zona hambat yang tidak mengalami perubahan selama 28 hari penyimpanan.
Pengembangan E-Book Materi Gas Ideal Berbasis Multipel Representasi Menggunakan 3D Pageflip
Authors: Syahri Wilda , Yusnadar Yusnaidar 
Published: March 2023

Mata kuliah Kimia Fisika I di Prodi Pendidikan Kimia merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang bersifat abstrak seperti materi Gas Ideal. Karakteristik materi Gas Ideal yang bersifat abstrak membuat mahasiswa tidak dapat melihat secara langsung proses yang terjadi pada sistem Gas Ideal. Oleh karena itu, dipandang perlu untuk mengembangkan suatu e-Book Materi Gas Ideal Berbasis Multipel Representasi Menggunakan 3D Pageflip yang dapat membantu mahasiswa untuk dapat secara mandiri mempelajari dan memahami materi Gas Ideal, sehingga memberikan keleluasaan dan keluwesan bagi mahasiswa. Melalui e-Book Materi Gas Ideal Berbasis Multipel Representasi ini, akan dapat menggali kemampuan individual mahasiswa serta menimbulkan daya tarik, sehingga diharapkan dapat melahirkan motivasi bagi mahasiswa dalam meningkatkan prestasi dan hasil belajarnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini akhirnya adalah e-Book Materi Gas Ideal Berbasis Multipel Representasi pada level makroskopik, mikroskopik dan simbolik menggunakan aplikasi 3D pageflip tentang Gas Ideal yang sesuai dengan kurikulum yang berlaku dan juga sesuai dengan kaidah-kaidah pendidikan serta mengandung unsur edukasi.
A calculus for intuitionistic fuzzy values
Authors: Yavuz Enes 
Published: March 2023

We introduce calculus
and calculus for intuitionistic
fuzzy values and prove some basic theorems by using multiplicative
calculus which has useful tools to represent the concepts of introduced
calculi. Besides, we construct some isomorphic mappings to interpret the
relationships between calculus
and calculus. This paper reveals
also new calculi for fuzzy sets in particular.
Application of commercial microwave links (CMLs) attenuation for quantitative estimation of precipitation
Authors: Pasierb Magdalena , Baldysz Zofia , Szturc Jan , Nykiel Grzegorz , Jurczyk Anna , Ośródka Katarzyna , Figurski Mariusz , Wojtczak Marcin , Wojtkowski Cezary 
Published: March 2023

Precipitation estimation models are typically sourced by rain gauges,
weather radars and satellite observations. A relatively new technique of
precipitation estimation relies on the network of Commercial Microwave
Links (CMLs) employed for cellular communication networks: the
rain-inducted attenuation in the links enables the precipitation
estimation. In the paper it is analysed to what extent the precipitation
derived from CML attenuation data is useful in estimation of the
precipitation field with the high temporal and spatial resolution
required in nowcasting models. Two methods of determination of
precipitation along CMLs from attenuation of signal with several
frequencies were proposed. Then, in order to generate precipitation
field, three approaches for assigning appropriate precipitation values
to a specific point or set of pixels along the link are developed and
tested. The CML-based estimates are compared to point observations from
manual rain gauges and multi-source precipitation fields using daily and
hourly accumulations. It was found that the CLM-based precipitation
fields are much worse than radar-derived estimates. At the same time,
they had slightly poorer reliability than spatially interpolated
telemetric rain gauge data and significantly higher reliability than
satellite estimates.
Keywords — precipitation estimation, commercial microwave
links, CML
Oil and gas potential and modern seismicity of the Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea
Authors: Yetirmishli G.J. , Kazimova S.E. , Kazimov I.E. 
Published: March 2023

Hydrocarbon deposits of the Republic of Azerbaijan are located in the South-Caspian oil and gas basin, on the territory of the Absheron Peninsula and the adjacent waters of the Caspian Sea. There are more than 80 oil and gas fields here. For this purpose, this article presents the geological structure of the South Caspian Depression, as well as the Apsheron-Pribalkhansk zone. Conducted analysis of oil and gas reserves and modern seismicity of the Caspian Sea. Increase in recoverable oil reserves, stabilization of mining at this stage — the task number is one for the oil field. It has been established that in recent years the level of seismic activity in certain areas of the Caspian Sea has risen, and the amount of seismic energy released in the Central Caspian Sea has increased by several dozen times. Distribution of density of epicenters in the whole alpine part of the region carries a weakly expressed wave character, which is represented by an alternation of differentiated zones of elevated and lowered concentration of epicenters. Zones have a predominantly north-western, submeridional and subshirot space. To determine the regularity of the distribution of hypocenter centers in the region, a diagram of the dependence of the number of earthquakes on the depths was built. In the waters of the Caspian Sea, 90 % of the hypocenters are located at a depth of more than 35 km. Together with them meet and close surface earthquakes. It was assumed that the change in the flow of oil in many seabed areas of the northern part of the Absheron-Balkhan storage system is associated with strong (ml>3.0) earthquakes of characteristic type. Besides, there was a schematic model, which characterizes the formation of oil and gas fields in the structures, caused by the stress on the local area. The formation of the zone of localization of oil is associated with the accumulation of stresses in the local geodynamic fields and the formation of cracked media, although in such areas there is a gap, the probability of migration of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons. On the basis of the above, it is possible to assume that there is a definite regularity between the oil and gas fields and seismicity in one and the same interval.
Formation of the principle of respect for human rights in Europe, its connection with international and national security
Authors: Kononenko V. 
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the formation process, the current state and perspectives of the relationship between states that do not respect human rights and basic freedoms. Such states pose a danger to the stable development of international relations and fruitful cooperation between states, and ultimately to international peace and security.
The modern world is characterized by the fact that the expansion of human and citizen rights occurs as a result of the development of norms of both national and international law. This bilateral process helps mutual enrichment of legislation and allows raising the bar of human rights to a new level.
Speaking of security, the world still ignores the real protection of human rights, replacing it with a formal one.
The principle of respect for human rights has a direct and inverse relationship with international and national security: states that systematically abuse human rights are recognized as initiators of aggression. And external aggression itself contradicts the interests of both the aggressor state itself and its population. Aggression entails the application of serious international sanctions, which will hit its citizens hard, in particular, and will also entail a serious restriction of civil rights.
And vice versa: an improvement in the situation in the field of human rights protection reduces the probability of an aggressive war.
The refusal of a separate state to fulfill the requirements of the corresponding principles of respect for human rights does not cancel their importance for international and national security, and does not eliminate the negative consequences that such a refusal would entail.
The attack of the Russian Federation led to serious and massive violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, which had catastrophic consequences for the exercise of almost all human rights in Ukraine. But over the past two decades, the Russian authorities have systematically violated and restricted basic freedoms within their own state, closed down independent mass media, and banned peaceful protests in the country. And the war in Ukraine entails a further deterioration of the state of human rights in Russia: now a new iron curtain is being lowered there, behind which the authorities oppose the exercise of civil rights and a free and independent civil society.
Legal principles of participation of public associations in the search for missing person under special circumstances
Authors: Sydorenko S. 
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the article lies in the fact that in the present conditions problematic issues of tracing missing persons are in the plane of solving the totality of legal sciences, such as administrative law, criminal law, forensics, criminology, operational-search activity.
The article states that certain aspects of search activity regarding missing persons were and still remain the subject of many studies. The author determined the state of scientific development of the subject of research, at the same time outlined the directions that require in-depth study due to the current state of the regulatory framework - the participation of public associations and volunteer organizations in the search for persons missing under special circumstances.
It was found that the search for persons missing under special circumstances requires updating the legal regulation due to the presence of separate legal gaps. In particular, the term "volunteer organization" and "volunteer movement" remains undefined, which are used by some public organizations to refer to their activities.
The attention is focused on the need to legislate the term "volunteer organization" ("volunteer movement"), by which it is proposed to understand a public association that carries out charitable activities in favor of persons affected by special circumstances, and does not intend to make a profit.
Legal support for the functioning of public associations, whose areas of activity are providing assistance in the search for missing persons - adults, children and a separate category of persons - military personnel and prisoners of war.
It is established that the legislation of Ukraine contains a list of state authorities that are empowered to carry out search actions against persons missing under special circumstances. Nevertheless, there is no proper organization for the publication of the functioning of public associations in the field of search for missing persons.
Desenvolvimento rural no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Pauli Rita Inês Paetzhold , Nachtigall Yasmin Dal Lago , Bueno Isadora dos Santos , Bender Filho Reisoli 
Published: March 2023

O estudo tem por objetivo promover uma análise das diferentes variáveis caracterizadoras do desenvolvimento rural para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2006 e 2017. Os delineamentos metodológicos consideram à utilização de indicadores multissetoriais visando a observação dos aspectos socioeconômicos a partir de análise de quatro dimensões: populacional, estrutura e desempenho econômico, bem-estar e equidade e ambiental. Os resultados indicam que desenvolvimento rural pressupõe a melhoria dos aspectos sociais e econômicos da população residente neste locus. O meio rural gaúcho, no período analisado, vem apresentando melhorias na ampliação da infraestrutura dos residentes, porém verificou-se queda da população rural. Apesar dos avanços na conservação do meio ambiente constatou-se indícios de que o uso de agrotóxicos nos processos produtivos agrícolas pode estar limitando o desenvolvimento rural em aspectos como o bem-estar e a saúde da população residente.
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento rural. Indicadores multissetoriais. População residente.
Dietary Intake of Vitamin D and Dental Caries Incidence in People with Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Stoichkov B. , Doichinova L. , Bakurdjiev P. , Radeva E. , Kirov D. , Nikolova M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
The aims of the present study are to investigate the relationship between the anthropometric indicators and peculiarities of the nutritional intake in people with overweight and obesity and the risk factors for the development of dental caries in adults.

Materials and Methods
The study involved 264 individuals aged between 18 and 60 years. The following risk factors for the development of dental caries were traced: diet (carbohydrate intake), oral hygiene habits and social status in overweight and obese people. The dental caries incidence was determined through the DMFT index, by assessing the total number of teeth which are decayed (D), missing (M) due to caries, or filled (treated, F).

Results
The age-related distribution was as follows: from 18 to 25 years – 14.4%; from 25 to 35 years – 16.7%; from 35 to 50 years – 42.4%; and over 50 years – 26.5%. The established average BMI was 25.60 ± 4.359, with the lowest and highest measured values – 18.5 and 37.55, respectively. The value of DMFT was 12.55 ± 5.545. A direct correlation between the elevated incidence of dental caries in patients with overweight and obesity was revealed. No significant relationship was found between the decreased nutritional intake of vitamin D and the incidence of dental caries in individuals with Class I and Class II obesity.

Conclusion
Dental caries and obesity have a similar etiology – improper dietary habits, excessive consumption of foods containing low molecular weight carbohydrates and carbonated beverages. The reported higher levels of dental caries in these groups could be explained by an improper diet and more frequent snacking.
Antiproliferative Activity of Natural Flavonoid Fustin Isolated from the Heartwood of Cotinus Coggygria Scop. Against Breast and Colon Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Gospodinova Z. , Antov G. , Novakovic M. , Tesevic V. , Krasteva N. , Pavlov D. , Valcheva-Kuzmanova S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and objective
Cotinus coggygria Scop. is a valuable medicinal plant species with pronounced pharmacological potential due to its numerous biological activities. The herb is characterized by a high content of polyphenols among which is fustin. The anticancer activities of fustin, however, are extremely weakly studied. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro antiproliferative potential of fustin isolated from the heartwood of C. coggygria against cell lines originating from two of the most common cancer types – breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7), and colon cancer (Colon 26).

Materials and methods
Cell growth inhibitory properties of fustin were examined by MTT assay. Subsequently, phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy analysis as well as colonyforming assay were carried out on the most sensitive to the cytostatic action of the fustin cell line.

Results
The obtained results showed that fustin reduced the proliferation of all studied cell lines. The highest cytostatic effect was registered towards breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 56.02 μg/ml followed by colon cancer cells with an IC50 of 78.07 μg/ml. MCF7 cell proliferation was least affected with a calculated IC50 of 187.8 μg/ml. Further investigations on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells indicated decreased density of cell monolayer and some morphological alterations, significant attenuation in the number of viable cells, and diminished clonogenic ability of cells after fustin exposure.

Conclusion
It could be concluded that fustin isolated from the heartwood of medicinal plant C. coggygria possesses marked antiproliferative properties against breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 which will be a subject of our more detailed future investigations.
The Effect of Smoking and Opioid Consumption on the Severity of the Disease and Duration of Hospitalization in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Fayazi H. S. , Naeimi A. , Yaseri M. , Khatibani S. S. M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
In the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic, various studies on the target communities of this virus were widely started and rapidly progressed. Smokers and opioid consumers are one of the virus targets since they have a vulnerable respiratory system. Due to the contradictory results in previous studies and the lack of similar investigations in this area, we aimed to perform this study to investigate the effect of smoking and opioid consumption on the consequences of the COVID-19 disease.

Materials and Methods
In this retrospective study, the required information was collected and analyzed from the archives of Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran. Study variables included age, sex, the need for intubation, hospital length of stay, history of current smoking or opioid consumption, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ICU length of stay, admission oxygen saturation, disease severity, and the outcome of death or recovery. Data were collected and divided into the case (including current cigarette smokers, opioid consumers, and cigarette-opioid consumers) and control (non-smokers and non-opioid-consumers) groups. Out of 986 patients, 489 patients met the criteria for inclusion and subsequent analysis. The average age was 69.79 ± 16.06, and 294 (60.1%) patients were male. The median age of the case group (65.15 ± 42.41) was older than the control group (57.45 ± 15.71, P = 0.001). The case group consisted of more male patients than the control group (P = 0.001).

Results
The adjusted regression models demonstrated that current cigarette smoking, opioid, and cigarette-opioid consumption did not significantly predict hospital and ICU length of stay, ICU admission, disease severity, and mortality outcomes (P > 0.05). Current cigarette smoking and opioid consumption could not be an independent predictor for the consequences of ICU admission, hospital and ICU length of stay, the need for intubation, disease severity, and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
A Clinical Case of Tonsillar Lymphangiomatous Polyp
Authors: Vlaykov A. , Atanasov A. , Hadzhi M. , Gulubova M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Tonsil lymphangiomas are extremely rare benign tonsil tumors. They could be asymptomatic, especially when they are small, and in these cases, they are most often found by chance on physical examination.

Clinical case
The authors present a 67-year-old man with complaints of discomfort, a sore throat, and an unspecific formation on his right tonsil. Upon microscopic examination, we found a polypoid mass covered by squamous epithelium with a stroma composed of lymphoid tissue.

Discussion
Benign tonsillar tumors are significantly more common than malignant ones. Lymphangiomatous polyps located in the tonsillar region, on the other hand, have been described as very rare, and their etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. They tend to occur in areas where lymph vessels are abundant, with more than 90% of all lymphangiomas occurring in the head and neck region.

Conclusion
Lymphangiomatous polyps should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all benign tumors, and it is extremely important to differentiate them from malignant tonsil lesions.
“The Hardships of the Beginning”. The “Foreign Character” of Transylvanian Towns in the Interwar Press
Authors: Tătar-Dan Maria 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Union of 1918 stands in the Romanian historiography as the great event of the national history, the moment when Romanians who had been living for centuries under foreign rules came together in one united country. Despite the enthusiasm of those days, soon it became obvious that putting together areas with different histories, different backgrounds and different cultures was not such a simple process. The difficulties and the setbacks of the aftermath of the Great Union entered more recently the attention of the Romanian historiography, preoccupied for a long time rather on its significance for the nation than on its hardships. The present study addresses one of the issues debated in the interwar Romanian press, regarding the extent to which Transylvania was getting loose of its foreign marks and gaining a Romanian character.
A Short-Lived Newspaper from TG. Mureș, The Erdélyi Társaság (1921-1922)
Authors: Attila Kálmán 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The very short-lived newspaper, Erdélyi Társaság, appeared in Tg. Mureş in the period 1921-1922. It was created as a society, cultural, arts newspaper. In its columns it presented society news, literary works, sporting events, cultural events. The newspaper is considered to be almost unique in the history of the Tg. Mureş written press.
Primele Alegeri Parlamentare Din Județul Năsăud, Organizate După Urcarea PE Tron a Regelui Carol II
Authors: Bindea Ovidiu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The First Parliamentary Elections In Năsăud County, Organized After The Accession Of King Carol II
The elections organized in 1931 represent the first electoral events after the ascension to the throne of King Carol II. The weak authority of the regency meant that the restoration was done without any major opposition from the citizens, who, on the contrary, welcomed the event. In Năsăud county, Carol’s arrival and proclamation as king was received with great enthusiasm by the population and the authorities.
After the resignation of the P.N.Ţ government, the King tasked N. Iorga to form a government of national union. This government was, in fact, the first technocratic government in Romanian history. The national union was also organized in Năsăud county, where it had a joint list with the liberals and campaigned against P. N. Ţ. By appointing this government, the King wanted to show the parties that a government can be made outside of the parties.
After the June 1931 general elections in Năsăud county, the National Union obtained the two senatorial mandates and one deputy mandate, the People’s Party received one deputy mandate, and the other deputy mandate went to P.N.Ţ.The Iorga government was actually an attempt by King Carol II to govern outside of the parties and over the parties, an experiment that ultimately was a failure, the following governments belonging to the parties.