bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a handheld metal detector to detect ingested hooks and other metallic objects in freshwater turtles
Authors: Lane Vanessa R. , Gerdes Parker , Ridgdill Dalton G. , Ray Brittany L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTurtles can be unintentionally hooked during recreational and commercial fishing operations. While hook ingestion is not always fatal, ingested hooks can harm or kill turtles by damaging soft tissues or affecting digestion. Detecting ingested hooks and other metallic debris in the field is a challenge. As such, we tested the efficacy of a handheld metal detector in detecting ingested fish hooks and incidental metallic debris in freshwater turtles in Georgia, USA. We captured 426 individual freshwater turtles representing 4 species and radiographed 106 yellow‐bellied sliders (Trachemys scripta scripta). Of 37 turtles that tested positive with a handheld metal detector, radiographs revealed 17 (46%) had ingested at least one hook, 15 (40%) had ingested an unidentifiable metal object or objects, and 5 (14%) showed no clear signs of hooks or other metallic objects. All 69 turtles that tested negative in the field and were radiographed showed no signs of metal ingestion. Accordingly, our proportion of false positives was 14% (5 of 37), false negatives (metal not detected in field but on follow‐up radiograph) were 0% (0 of 69), and our overall accuracy at detecting ingested metal with a handheld metal detector was 95% (101 of 106 radiographed turtles). Thus, handheld metal detectors may be a useful tool for detecting ingested hooks and other metallic objects in freshwater turtles.
Impact of needle size and distinct flow conditions on thermal performance of TiO2–MWCNTs hybrid nanofluid flow past thin needle using Casson fluid model
Authors: Prashar Preeti , Ojjela Odelu , Kambhatla Pravin Kashyap 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHybrid nanofluids comprising carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are finding applications in advanced heat exchange technologies due to the unusually high thermal conductivity and chemically inert nature of CNTs. The thermal performance of a hybrid nanofluid, comprising MWCNTs and TiO2 nanoparticles and flowing past a thin hot needle, is investigated in the present article. The Sakiadis and Blasius hybrid nanofluid flow scenarios around a parabolically shaped thin hot needle are modeled by using a non‐Newtonian Casson fluid model coupled with the energy equation. The governing equations are coupled non‐linear partial differential equations which are solved by the shooting method along with the 4th order Runge–Kutta method. The main aim of the study is to perform a comparative analysis among the base fluid (which is a 50:50 mixture of ethylene glycol [EG] and water), TiO2/EG–water nanofluid, and TiO2–MWCNTs/EG–water hybrid nanofluid and to analyze which fluid is the best transporter of heat. Apart from this, the impact of needle size and different flow conditions on heat transport is investigated. The numerical results reveal that the rate of heat transfer is maximum for TiO2–MWCNTs/EG–water hybrid nanofluid among the base fluid, nanofluid, and hybrid nanofluid. The magnitude of the Nusselt number is high for the case of the Blasius flow than for the Sakiadis flow.
1/L2 corrected soft photon theorem from a CFT3 Ward identity
Authors: Banerjee Nabamita , Fernandes Karan , Mitra Arpita 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Classical soft theorems applied to probe scattering processes on AdS4 spacetimes predict the existence of perturbative 1/L2 corrections to the soft photon and soft graviton factors of asymptotically flat spacetimes. In this paper, we establish that the 1/L2 corrected soft photon theorem can be derived from a large N CFT3 Ward identity. We derive a perturbed soft photon mode operator on a flat spacetime patch in global AdS4 in terms of an integrated expression of the boundary CFT current. Using the same in the CFT3 Ward identity, we recover the 1/L2 corrected soft photon factor derived from classical soft theorems.
A two-generational SU(7) model with extended weak sector: mass hierarchies, mixings, and the flavor non-universality
Authors: Chen Ning , Mao Ying-nan , Teng Zhaolong , Wang Bin , Zhao Xiangjun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study a possible gauge symmetry breaking pattern in an SU(7) grand unified theory, which describes the mass origins of all electrically charged SM fermions of the second and the third generations. Two intermediate gauge symmetries of $$ {\mathcal{G}}_{341}\equiv \textrm{SU}{(3)}_c\otimes \textrm{SU}{(4)}_W\otimes \textrm{U}{(1)}_{X_0} $$

G
341

≡
SU

3

c

⊗
SU

4

W

⊗
U

1

X
0

and $$ {\mathcal{G}}_{331}\equiv \textrm{SU}{(3)}_c\otimes \textrm{SU}{(4)}_W\otimes \textrm{U}{(1)}_{X_1} $$

G
331

≡
SU

3

c

⊗
SU

4

W

⊗
U

1

X
1

arise above the electroweak scale. SM fermion mass hierarchies between two generations can be obtained through a generalized seesaw mechanism. The mechanism can be achieved with suppressed symmetry breaking VEVs from multiple Higgs fields that are necessary to avoid tadpole terms in the Higgs potential. Some general features of the SU(7) fermion spectrum will be described, which include the existence of vectorlike fermions, the tree-level flavor changing weak currents between the SM fermions and heavy partner fermions, and the flavor non-universality between different SM generations from the extended weak sector.
Towards learning optimized kernels for complex Langevin
Authors: Alvestad Daniel , Larsen Rasmus , Rothkopf Alexander 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present a novel strategy aimed at restoring correct convergence in complex Langevin simulations. The central idea is to incorporate system-specific prior knowledge into the simulations, in order to circumvent the NP-hard sign problem. In order to do so, we modify complex Langevin using kernels and propose the use of modern auto-differentiation methods to learn optimal kernel values. The optimization process is guided by functionals encoding relevant prior information, such as symmetries or Euclidean correlator data. Our approach recovers correct convergence in the non-interacting theory on the Schwinger-Keldysh contour for any real-time extent. For the strongly coupled quantum anharmonic oscillator we achieve correct convergence up to three-times the real-time extent of the previous benchmark study. An appendix sheds light on the fact that for correct convergence not only the absence of boundary terms, but in addition the correct Fokker-Plank spectrum is crucial.
On generalised D1-D5 near horizons and their spectra
Authors: Lima Mariana , Macpherson Niall T. , Melnikov Dmitry , Ypanaqué Luis 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
There has been considerable recent interest in type II string compactifications on AdS3×S3×M4 due to both new progress in the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence and an independent search for new $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (4, 0) supergravity solutions. In this work we report a new family of small $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (4, 0) preserving warped AdS3×S3×CY2 compactifications of type IIB supergravity. The S3 in this family is non trivially fibered over the CY2. We show how these new solutions provide a IIB embedding of minimal ungauged d = 5 supergravity coupled to an Abelian vector multiplet. We also make a few initial steps towards the identification of dual CFT2 candidates. Specifically, we study the Kaluza-Klein spectrum of the spin two and certain vector fluctuations that are expected to be dual to the stress-energy tensor, SU(2) R current and several other BPS operator families in the dual CFT2.
Variant Nelson-Barr mechanism with minimal flavor violation
Authors: Bai Yang , Wojcik George N. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Within the general framework of using spontaneous CP violation to solve the strong CP problem, we construct a variant Nelson-Barr model in which the Standard Model (SM) quark contribution to the strong CP phase is cancelled by new heavy QCD-charged fermions. This cancellation is ensured by choosing conjugate representations for the new colored states under the same global flavor symmetry of SM quarks. Choosing the global flavor symmetry to be that of minimal flavor violation, we suppress higher-order corrections to the strong CP phase to well below current experimental constraints. More than two dozen massless Goldstone bosons emerge from spontaneous flavor symmetry breaking, which yield strong astrophysical constraints on the symmetry breaking scale. In the early universe, the Goldstone bosons can be thermally produced from their interactions with the heavy colored fermions and contribute to ∆Neff at a measurable level. As a function of reheating temperature, the predicted ∆Neff shows an interesting plateau behavior we dub the “flavor stairway”, which encodes information about the SM quark flavor structure.
Graviton scattering in AdS5 × S5 at two loops
Authors: Huang Zhongjie , Yuan Ellis Ye 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We report a result for the third-order correction in 1/N expansion to the four-point correlator of the stress tensor multiplet in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills theory at large ’t Hooft coupling, which corresponds to the two-loop scattering of four gravitons in the dual AdS5 × S5 supergravity. This is obtained by bootstrapping an educated ansatz based on intuitions from the hidden 10-dimensional conformal symmetry.
Results from a first-in-human study of dersimelagon, an investigational oral selective MC1R agonist
Authors: Ogasawara Akihito , Ogawa Kei , Ide Ryosuke , Ikenaga Yuka , Fukunaga Chie , Nakayama Satoshi , Tsuda Minoru 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To describe outcomes from the first-in-human study of dersimelagon, an investigational oral selective MC1R agonist, under development for the treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) and X-linked protoporphyria (XLP).

Methods
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 study, the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single and multiple ascending oral doses of dersimelagon in healthy participants were evaluated.

Results
Dersimelagon was generally well tolerated in healthy participants, with the most common TEAEs being lentigo (52.8%) and skin hyperpigmentation (50.0%) after multiple doses. Systemic exposure to dersimelagon in plasma (based on AUC0-∞ and Cmax) increased in a slightly more than dose-proportional manner over the 1- to 600-mg single-dose range. Following multiple doses, dersimelagon was rapidly absorbed (median Tmax ranging from 4 to 5 h postdose on days 1 and 14). Mean t1/2 ranged from 10.56 to 18.97 h on day 14, and the steady state of plasma concentration was generally reached by 5 days of multiple dosing. There were no observable effects of age or race on the PK profile of dersimelagon or its metabolite dersimelagon glucuronide. No treatment-related effects on melanin density (MD) were observed following single doses of dersimelagon; however, after multiple doses, increases in MD were observed in participants receiving 150 and 300 mg dersimelagon.

Conclusion
Our study results indicate that dersimelagon is generally well tolerated and demonstrates a generally consistent PK profile across diverse subgroups. Treatment-related increases in MD warrant further investigation in a larger study population and in patients with EPP and XLP.

Trial registration
A Study to Investigate the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of MT-7117 in Healthy Subjects, NCT02834442, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02834442, registration began July 2016.
The ultrasound assessment of osteoarthritis: the current status
Authors: Nevalainen Mika T. , Uusimaa Antti-Pekka , Saarakkala Simo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Traditionally, osteoarthritis (OA) is diagnosed with the clinical examination supplemented by the conventional radiography (CR). In the research literature, the role of ultrasound (US) imaging in the diagnostics of OA has risen steadily during the last two decades. US imaging is cheap and globally widely available often already in primary healthcare. Here, we reviewed the most essential US literature focusing on OA diagnostics and progression prediction using the various search engines. Starting from the year 2000, our search provided 1 445 journal articles. After reviewing the abstracts, 89 articles were finally included. Most of the reviewed articles focused on the imaging of knee and hand OA, whereas only a minority dealt with the imaging of hip, ankle, midfoot, acromioclavicular, and temporomandibular joints. Overall, during the last 20 years, the use of US imaging for OA assessment has increased in the scientific literature. In knee and hand joints, US imaging has been reported to be a promising tool to evaluate OA changes. Furthermore, the reproducibility of US as well as its association to MRI findings are excellent. Importantly, US seems to even outperform CR in certain aspects, such as detection of osteophytes, joint inflammation, meniscus protrusion, and localized cartilage damage (especially at the medial femoral condyle and sulcus area). Based on the reviewed literature, US can be truly considered as a complementary tool to CR in the clinical setup for OA diagnostics. New technical developments may even enhance the diagnostic value of the US in the future.
Deep learning–based diagnosis of osteoblastic bone metastases and bone islands in computed tomograph images: a multicenter diagnostic study
Authors: Xiong Yuchao , Guo Wei , Liang Zhiping , Wu Li , Ye Guoxi , Liang Ying-ying , Wen Chao , Yang Feng , Chen Song , Zeng Xu-wen , Xu Fan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
To develop and validate a deep learning (DL) model based on CT for differentiating bone islands and osteoblastic bone metastases.

Materials and methods
The patients with sclerosing bone lesions (SBLs) were retrospectively included in three hospitals. The images from site 1 were randomly assigned to the training (70%) and intrinsic verification (10%) datasets for developing the two-dimensional (2D) DL model (single-slice input) and “2.5-dimensional” (2.5D) DL model (three-slice input) and to the internal validation dataset (20%) for evaluating the performance of both models. The diagnostic performance was evaluated using the internal validation set from site 1 and additional external validation datasets from site 2 and site 3. And statistically analyze the performance of 2D and 2.5D DL models.

Results
In total, 1918 SBLs in 728 patients in site 1, 122 SBLs in 71 patients in site 2, and 71 SBLs in 47 patients in site 3 were used to develop and test the 2D and 2.5D DL models. The best performance was obtained using the 2.5D DL model, which achieved an AUC of 0.996 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.995–0.996), 0.958 (95% CI, 0.958–0.960), and 0.952 (95% CI, 0.951–0.953) and accuracies of 0.950, 0.902, and 0.863 for the internal validation set, the external validation set from site 2 and site 3, respectively.

Conclusion
A DL model based on a three-slice CT image input (2.5D DL model) can improve the prediction of osteoblastic bone metastases, which can facilitate clinical decision-making.

Key Points
• This study investigated the value of deep learning models in identifying bone islands and osteoblastic bone metastases.
• Three-slice CT image input (2.5D DL model) outweighed the 2D model in the classification of sclerosing bone lesions.
• The 2.5D deep learning model showed excellent performance using the internal (AUC, 0.996) and two external (AUC, 0.958; AUC, 0.952) validation sets.
Heat stress in horses: a literature review
Authors: Kang Hyungsuk , Zsoldos Rebeka R. , Sole-Guitart Albert , Narayan Edward , Cawdell-Smith A. Judith , Gaughan John B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHealthy adult horses can balance accumulation and dissipation of body heat to maintain their body temperature between 37.5 and 38.5 °C, when they are in their thermoneutral zone (5 to 25 °C). However, under some circumstances, such as following strenuous exercise under hot, or hot and humid conditions, the accumulation of body heat exceeds dissipation and horses can suffer from heat stress. Prolonged or severe heat stress can lead to anhidrosis, heat stroke, or brain damage in the horse. To ameliorate the negative effects of high heat load in the body, early detection of heat stress and immediate human intervention is required to reduce the horse’s elevated body temperature in a timely manner. Body temperature measurement and deviations from the normal range are used to detect heat stress. Rectal temperature is the most commonly used method to monitor body temperature in horses, but other body temperature monitoring technologies, percutaneous thermal sensing microchips or infrared thermometry, are currently being studied for routine monitoring of the body temperature of horses as a more practical alternative. When heat stress is detected, horses can be cooled down by cool water application, air movement over the horse (e.g., fans), or a combination of these. The early detection of heat stress and the use of the most effective cooling methods is important to improve the welfare of heat stressed horses.
The Lausanne Hospitality Model: a model integrating hospitality into supportive care
Authors: Lê Van Kim , Arditi Chantal , Terrier Lohyd , Ninane Françoise , Savoie Annie , Rochat Sylvie , Peytremann-Bridevaux Isabelle , Eicher Manuela , Schaad Béatrice 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose

Cancer care is undergoing a conceptual shift with the introduction of the principles of patient-centered care to support patients’ individual needs. These needs include those related to hospitality during cancer treatments. This paper aims to provide an extension of the supportive care framework by bringing in the hospitality approach inspired by the hotel industry.

Method
The “Lausanne Hospitality Model,” integrating hospitality into supportive care, was developed through an iterative process, combining expertise in supportive care and health services research, communication, and the hotel industry.

Results
This conceptual paper integrates hospitality and service sciences into the supportive care framework. The “Lausanne Hospitality Model” offers new insights into the notions of cancer journey, patient experience, services, and practices that may be involved when facilitating hospitality. While most concepts used in the model are based on prior research, they have not been combined previously. The model highlights the place of hospitality in the patient’s experience within cancer services and, by extension, its role in professional practice.

Conclusion
Practices involved in the delivery of cancer care need to reinforce the importance attributed to hospitality services, as they impact patients’ experiences. By integrating the hospitality perspective into healthcare delivery and supportive care, this paper addresses previously theoretically overlooked aspects that impact patients’ experiences during cancer care.
Steric hindrance, ligand ejection and associated photocytotoxic properties of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes
Authors: Herrera-Ramírez Piedad , Berger Sarah Alina , Josa Dana , Aguilà David , Caballero Ana B. , Fontova Pere , Soto-Cerrato Vanessa , Martínez Manuel , Gamez Patrick 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes were prepared with the {Ru(phen)2}2+ moiety and a third sterically non-hindering bidentate ligand, namely 2,2′-dipyridylamine (dpa) and N-benzyl-2,2′-dipyridylamine (Bndpa). Hence, complexes [Ru(phen)2(dpa)](PF6)2 (1) and [Ru(phen)2(Bndpa)](PF6)2 (2) were characterized and their photochemical behaviour in solution (acetonitrile and water) was subsequently investigated. Compounds 1 and 2, which do not exhibit notably distorted octahedral coordination environments, contrarily to the homoleptic “parent” compound [Ru(phen)3](PF6)2, experience two-step photoejection of the dpa and Bndpa ligand upon irradiation (1050–430 nm) for several hours. DNA-binding studies revealed that compounds 1 and 2 affect the biomolecule differently upon irradiation; while 2 solely modifies its electrophoretic mobility, complex 1 is also capable of cleaving it. In vitro cytotoxicity studies with two cancer-cell lines, namely A549 (lung adenocarcinoma) and A375 (melanoma), showed that both 1 and 2 are not toxic in the dark, while only 1 is significantly cytotoxic if irradiated, 2 remaining non-toxic under these conditions.
Graphical abstract
Light irradiation of the complex cation [Ru(phen)2(dpa)]2+ leads to the generation of transient Ru species that is present in the solution medium for several hours, and that is significantly cytotoxic, ultimately producing non-toxic free dpa and [Ru(phen)(OH2)2]2+.
Augmented grocery shopping: fostering healthier food purchases through AR
Authors: Pini Valentina , Orso Valeria , Pluchino Patrik , Gamberini Luciano 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFood choices are intimately related to individual health. Therefore, the food we buy should be carefully chosen. However, grocery shopping is typically done in noisy environments, and food products usually present cluttered labels with dense texts that make it hard to properly evaluate relevant nutritional data. Augmented reality (AR) allows a shopper to visualize digitally generated contents onto real objects and to interact with them. In this experiment, we investigated the effects of delivering nutritional information using AR technology on food choices. To this end, we ran a between-participants laboratory experiment in which participants were asked to choose among the products available. The experimental group received the food-related information via AR, while the control group had ordinary access to food packaging. We found that AR technology facilitated the choice of healthier food items. Additionally, participants in the experimental group reported that they based their decisions on nutritional information rather than on the appearance of the package. The present work highlights how AR can be exploited to bring to the foreground information that would otherwise be hard to spot, thereby increasing the consumer’s awareness of the overall characteristics of the product.