bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new lineage of fresh‐ and brackish‐water mussels (Bivalvia, Mytilidae) from Southeast Asia
Authors: Tan Koh Siang , Tan Samuel H. M. , Sanpanich Kitithorn , Duangdee Teerapong , Ambarwati Reni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThree species of mussels collected from fresh‐ and low salinity (10 psu or lower) brackish‐water environments in southern Thailand, Singapore, northern Borneo and south Sulawesi formed a new, well‐supported and distinct mytilid clade based on molecular phylogeny. All are small (< 30 mm) species with either radially ribbed or smooth shells. Internally, the upper edges of the ascending lamellae of the outer and inner demibranchs are, respectively, fused to the mantle lobes and visceral mass. A new genusParabrachidontesis proposed to accommodate the three species. Of the species in the new genus, one is described as new (Parabrachidontes amnicussp. n.), and the other two poorly known species (P. leucostictusandP. cochinensis) are re‐described. TheParabrachidontesclade is closely related toMytella,PernaandArcuatula. Together, they formed a well‐supported clade, most members of which have ctenidial edges attached to the mantle and/or visceral mass. These genera are clearly distinct phylogenetically from two other mytilid clades containing brackish‐ and fresh‐water species with ctenidia free of the mantle: one comprising the generaLimnopernaandSinomytilus(together constituting the Limnoperninae), and the otherXenostrobusandVignadula(forming the Xenostrobinae). We therefore suggest the existence of at least three lineages of mytilids living in rivers and estuaries of East Asia and Australasia.
“Gender Differences in Autism”: TED Talks as Inclusive Spaces for Co-creation of Collective Memories
Authors: L Amrutha S , Christie Luke Gerard 
Published: February 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been historically studied, identified, and diagnosed more in males than females which can be attributed to a range of factors other than biological. The preponderance of males with autism is often associated with the Extreme Male Brain (EMB) theory which contends that this male bias is interceded by the amplification of male-biased sex differences in the expression of autism-associated traits found in typical populations. This long-held notion of attaching autism to the male gender had severely impacted the females on the spectrum leading to late diagnosis, misdiagnosis, and “masking” in order to blend in. Media also played a role in the near-exclusive portrayal of autistic people as white males which is outrageously unrepresentative of reality. The present paper analyses the narratives of self-identified autistic women about their experiences shared through TED Talks which offer both individual and collective counter-narratives to articulate new understandings. The paper attempts a qualitative interpretation of 5 such talks to demonstrate how speaking about these narratives in public and influential spaces like TED Talks de-constructs collective memories (process) and constitutes constructing La Memoire Collective between the knowledge of experience and shared memories.
Proportion of people with diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema varies by ethnicity in a tertiary retinal clinic in Australia: findings from the Liverpool Eye and Diabetes Study (LEADS)
Authors: Liew Gerald , Tsang Tania , Marshall Bridget , Saw Mercy , Khachigian Levon Michael , Ong Stephen , Ho I-Van , Wong Vincent 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThere are limited data on the influence of ethnicity on diabetic retinopathy (DR). We sought to determine the distribution of DR by ethnic group in Australia.DesignClinic-based cross-sectional study.SettingParticipants with diabetes in a defined geographical region of Sydney, Australia, who attended a tertiary retina referral clinic.ParticipantsThe study recruited 968 participants.InterventionParticipants underwent a medical interview and retinal photography and scanning.Primary outcome measuresDR was defined from two-field retinal photographs. Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) was defined from spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT-DMO). The main outcomes were any DR, proliferative DR (PDR), clinically significant macular oedema (CSME), OCT-DMO and sight-threatening DR (STDR).ResultsThere was high proportion of any DR (52.3%), PDR (6.3%), CSME (19.7%), OCT-DMO (28.9%) and STDR (31.5%) in people attending a tertiary retinal clinic. Participants of Oceanian ethnicity had the highest proportion of any DR and STDR (70.4% and 48.1%, respectively), while the lowest proportion was in participants of East Asian ethnicity (38.3% and 15.8%, respectively). Proportion of any DR and STDR in Europeans was 54.5% and 30.3%, respectively. Independent predictive factors for diabetic eye disease were ethnicity, longer duration of diabetes, higher glycated haemoglobin and higher blood pressure. Even after adjusting for risk factors, Oceanian ethnicity remained associated with twofold higher odds of any DR (adjusted OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.00) and all other forms of DR including STDR (adjusted OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.19 to 4.15).ConclusionIn people attending a tertiary retinal clinic, the proportion of people with DR varies among ethnic groups. The high proportion in persons of Oceanian ethnicity suggests a need for targeted screening of this at-risk group. In addition to traditional risks factors, ethnicity may be an additional independent predictor of DR.
Protocol for exploring the use of hospitals as a learning organisation: a cross-sectional study in South Africa’s Eastern Cape province
Authors: Chitha Nombulelo , Mabunda Sikhumbuzo A , Essel Vivien , Funani Itumeleng , Godlimpi Lizo , Swartbooi Buyiswa , Mnyaka Onke , Thabede Jahman , Tshabalala Ruth , Chitha Wezile 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionIn today’s highly competitive environment, where changes happen at a rapid pace, organisations that stand a chance to survive are those that are proactive and easily adapt to changes. Hospitals are faced with various challenges including scrutiny from stakeholders. This study seeks to investigate learning strategies used by hospitals in one of South Africa’s provinces to achieve the principle of a learning organisation.Methods and analysisThis study will employ a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey on health professionals of a South African province. Stratified random sampling will be used to select hospitals and participants in three phases. The study will use a structured self-administered questionnaire, designed to collect data on learning strategies used by hospitals to achieve the principle of a learning organisation between June and December 2022. Descriptive statistics (mean, median, percentages, frequency, etc) will then be used to describe the raw data and allow the discovery of patterns. Inferential statistics will also be used to make inferences and predictions about the learning habits of health professionals in the selected hospitals.Ethics and disseminationThe approval to access the research sites with reference number: EC_202108_011 has been granted by the Provincial Health Research Committees of the Eastern Cape Department. Ethical clearance with Protocol Ref no: M211004 has been approved at the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Witwatersrand. Finally, results will be shared with all key stakeholders, including hospital management, clinical staff, through public presentation and direct engagements with stakeholders. The findings may guide hospital leaders and other relevant stakeholders to develop guidelines and policies on creating a learning organisation that contributes to the improvement of quality patient care.
Inhaled ciclesonide in adults hospitalised with COVID-19: a randomised controlled open-label trial (HALT COVID-19)
Authors: Brodin Daniel , Tornhammar Per , Ueda Peter , Krifors Anders , Westerlund Eli , Athlin Simon , Wojt Sandra , Elvstam Olof , Neumann Anca , Elshani Arsim , Giesecke Julia , Edvardsson-Källkvist Jens , Bunpuckdee Sayam , Unge Christian , Larsson Martin , Johansson Björn , Ljungberg Johan , Lindell Jonas , Hansson Johan , Blennow Ola , Andersson Daniel Peter 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of inhaled ciclesonide in reducing the duration of oxygen therapy (an indicator of time to clinical improvement) among adults hospitalised with COVID-19.DesignMulticentre, randomised, controlled, open-label trial.Setting9 hospitals (3 academic hospitals and 6 non-academic hospitals) in Sweden between 1 June 2020 and 17 May 2021.ParticipantsAdults hospitalised with COVID-19 and receiving oxygen therapy.InterventionInhaled ciclesonide 320 µg two times a day for 14 days versus standard care.Main outcome measuresPrimary outcome was duration of oxygen therapy, an indicator of time to clinical improvement. Key secondary outcome was a composite of invasive mechanical ventilation/death.ResultsData from 98 participants were analysed (48 receiving ciclesonide and 50 receiving standard care; median (IQR) age, 59.5 (49–67) years; 67 (68%) men). Median (IQR) duration of oxygen therapy was 5.5 (3–9) days in the ciclesonide group and 4 (2–7) days in the standard care group (HR for termination of oxygen therapy 0.73 (95% CI 0.47 to 1.11), with the upper 95% CI being compatible with a 10% relative reduction in oxygen therapy duration, corresponding to a <1 day absolute reduction in a post-hoc calculation). Three participants in each group died/received invasive mechanical ventilation (HR 0.90 (95% CI 0.15 to 5.32)). The trial was discontinued early due to slow enrolment.ConclusionsIn patients hospitalised with COVID-19 receiving oxygen therapy, this trial ruled out, with 0.95 confidence, a treatment effect of ciclesonide corresponding to more than a 1 day reduction in duration of oxygen therapy. Ciclesonide is unlikely to improve this outcome meaningfully.Trial registration numberNCT04381364.
Patient perspectives on, and effects of, medication management in geriatric fallers (the EMMA study): protocol for a mixed-methods pre-post study
Authors: Buchegger Stephanie , Iglseder Bernhard , Alzner Reinhard , Kogler Magdalena , Rose Olaf , Kutschar Patrick , Krutter Simon , Dückelmann Christina , Flamm Maria , Pachmayr Johanna 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionPharmacotherapy is critical in geriatric fallers owing to the vulnerability of this population. Comprehensive medication management can be an important strategy to reduce the medication-related risk of falling in this patient group. Patient-specific approaches and patient-related barriers to this intervention have rarely been explored among geriatric fallers. This study will focus on establishing a comprehensive medication management process to provide better insights into patients’ individual perceptions regarding their fall-related medication as well as identifying organisational and medical-psychosocial effects and challenges of this intervention.Methods and analysisThe study design is a complementary mixed-methods pre-post study which follows the approach of an embedded experimental model. Thirty fallers aged at least 65 years who were on five or more self-managed long-term drugs will be recruited from a geriatric fracture centre. The intervention consists of a five-step (recording, reviewing, discussion, communication, documentation) comprehensive medication management, which focuses on reducing the medication-related risk of falling. The intervention is framed using guided semi-structured pre-post interventional interviews, including a follow-up period of 12 weeks. These interviews will assess patients’ perceptions of falls, medication-related risks and gauge the postdischarge acceptability and sustainability of the intervention. Outcomes of the intervention will be measured based on changes in the weighted and summated Medication Appropriateness Index score, number of fall-risk-increasing drugs and potentially inadequate medication according to the Fit fOR The Aged and PRISCUS lists. Qualitative and quantitative findings will be integrated to develop a comprehensive understanding of decision-making needs, the perspective of geriatric fallers and the effects of comprehensive medication management.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of Salzburg County, Austria (ID: 1059/2021). Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conferences.Trial registration numberDRKS00026739.
Perioperative variable rate intravenous insulin infusion: a quality improvement project on a vascular surgery ward
Authors: Aimar Kelsey , Orozov Nikola , Spencer-Jones Keely , Burhan Hafsa , Butler Nicola , Kassim Saifuddin , Forsyth James 
Published: February 2023

AimsVariable rate intravenous insulin infusion (VRIII) is used perioperatively to maintain normoglycaemia in patients with diabetes who are undergoing surgery. The aims of this project were as follows: (1) to audit the extent to which perioperative prescribing of VRIII for diabetic vascular surgery inpatients at our hospital meets established standards and (2) to use the results of the audit to guide improvement in the quality and safety of prescribing practices and reduce VRIII overuse.MethodsVascular surgery inpatients who had perioperative VRIII were included in the audit. Baseline data were collected consecutively from September to November 2021. There were three main interventions: a VRIII Prescribing Checklist, education of junior doctors and ward staff, and electronic prescribing system updates. Postintervention and reaudit data were collected consecutively from March to June 2022.ResultsThe number of VRIII prescriptions totalled 27 in preintervention, 18 in postintervention and 26 in reaudit periods. Prescribers used the ‘refer to paper chart’ safety check more frequently postintervention (67%) and on reaudit (77%) compared with preintervention (33%) (p=0.046). Rescue medication was prescribed in 50% of postintervention and 65% of reaudit cases compared with 0% preintervention (p<0.001). Intermediate/long-acting insulin was appropriately amended more often in the postintervention versus preintervention period (75% vs 45%, p=0.041). Overall, VRIII was appropriate for the situation in 85% of cases.ConclusionsThe quality of perioperative VRIII prescribing practices improved following the proposed interventions, with prescribers more frequently using recommended safety measures such as ‘refer to paper chart’ and rescue medication. There was a marked sustained improvement in prescriber-initiated adjustment of oral diabetes medications and insulins. VRIII is occasionally administered unnecessarily in a subset of patients with type 2 diabetes and may be an area for further study.
Social relationship satisfaction and accumulation of chronic conditions
and multimorbidity: a national cohort of Australian women
Authors: Xu Xiaolin , Mishra Gita D , Holt-Lunstad Julianne , Jones Mark 
Published: February 2023

Background
Social relationships are associated with mortality and chronic
conditions. However, little is known about the effects of social
relationship satisfaction on multiple chronic conditions
(multimorbidity).

Aims
To examine whether social relationship satisfaction is associated
with the accumulation of multimorbidity.

Methods
Data from 7 694 Australian women who were free from 11 chronic
conditions at 45–50 years of age in 1996 were analysed. Five types of
social relationship satisfaction (partner, family members, friends, work
and social activities) were measured approximately every 3 years and
scored from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 3 (very satisfied). Scores from
each relationship type were summed to provide an overall satisfaction
score (range: ≤5–15). The outcome of interest was the accumulation of
multimorbidity in 11 chronic conditions.

Results
Over a 20-year period, 4 484 (58.3%) women reported
multimorbidities. Overall, the level of social relationship satisfaction
had a dose–response relationship with the accumulation of
multimorbidities. Compared with women reporting the highest satisfaction
(score 15), women with the lowest satisfaction (score ≤5) had the
highest odds of accumulating multimorbidity (odds ratio (OR)= 2.35, 95%
confidence interval (CI): 1.94 to 2.83) in the adjusted model. Similar
results were observed for each social relationship type. Other risk
factors, such as socioeconomic, behavioural and menopausal status,
together explained 22.72% of the association.

Conclusions
Social relationship satisfaction is associated with the accumulation
of multimorbidity, and the relationship is only partly explained by
socioeconomic, behavioural and reproductive factors. Social connections
(eg, satisfaction with social relationships) should be considered a
public health priority in chronic disease prevention and
intervention.
Spatial resolution of renal amyloid deposits through MALDI-MSI: a combined digital and molecular approach to monoclonal gammopathies
Authors: Bindi Greta , Smith Andrew , Oliveira Glenda , Eccher Albino , Vatrano Simona , Alberici Federico , Cazzaniga Giorgio , Galimberti Stefania , Capitoli Giulia , Magni Fulvio , Pagni Fabio , L'Imperio Vincenzo 
Published: February 2023

AimsIdentification and characterisation of monoclonal gammopathies of renal significance (MGRS) is critical for therapeutic purposes. Amyloidosis represents one of the most common forms of MGRS, and renal biopsy remains the gold standard for their classification, although mass spectrometry has shown greater sensitivity in this area.MethodsIn the present study, a new in situ proteomic technique, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), is investigated as an alternative to conventional laser capture microdissection MS for the characterisation of amyloids. MALDI-MSI was performed on 16 cases (3 lambda light chain amyloidosis (AL), 3 AL kappa, 3 serum amyloid A amyloidosis (SAA), 2 lambda light chain deposition disease (LCDD), 2 challenging amyloid cases and 3 controls). Analysis began with regions of interest labelled by the pathologist, and then automatic segmentation was performed.ResultsMALDI-MSI correctly identified and typed cases with known amyloid type (AL kappa, AL lambda and SAA). A ‘restricted fingerprint’ for amyloid detection composed of apolipoprotein E, serum amyloid protein and apolipoprotein A1 showed the best automatic segmentation performance (area under the curve >0.7).ConclusionsMALDI-MSI correctly assigned minimal/challenging cases of amyloidosis to the correct type (AL lambda) and identified lambda light chains in LCDD cases, highlighting the promising role of MALDI-MSI for amyloid typing.
Olanzapine cost-effectiveness in vomiting and nausea from highly emetogenic chemotherapy in children and adolescents
Authors: Sra Manraj Singh , Ganguly Shuvadeep , Naik Ramavath Devendra , Sasi Archana , Sharma Priya , Giri Rupak Kumar , Abdul Rasheed Azgar , Bakhshi Sameer 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the cost-effectiveness of addition of olanzapine to a prophylactic antiemetic regimen containing aprepitant, dexamethasone and ondansetron among children receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) in India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, the UK and the USA.MethodsHealth states were estimated using individual patient-level outcome data from a randomised trial. The incremental cost–utility ratio (ICUR), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio and net monetary benefit (NMB) were calculated from the patient perspective for India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, the UK and the USA. One-way sensitivity analysis was done by varying the cost of olanzapine, cost of hospitalisation and utility values by ±25%.ResultsThe olanzapine arm had an increment of 0.0018 quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) over the control arm. The mean total expenditure in the olanzapine arm was greater by US$0.51, US$0.43, US$6.73, US$11.05 and US$12.35 in India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, the UK and the USA, respectively. The ICUR($/QALY) was US$282.60 in India, US$241.42 in Bangladesh, US$3755.93 in Indonesia, US$6161.83 in the UK and US$6887.41 in the USA. The NMB was US$9.86, US$10.12, US$14.08, US$44.74 and US$98.79 for India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, the UK and the USA, respectively. The ICUR estimates of the base case and sensitivity analysis were below the willingness-to-pay threshold in all scenarios.ConclusionThe addition of olanzapine as a fourth agent for antiemetic prophylaxis is cost-effective despite an increase in overall expenditure. Olanzapine should be uniformly considered for children receiving HEC.
Comparison of the Postoperative Analgesic Effects between Ultrasound-Guided Transmuscular Quadratus Lumborum Block and Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy Patients: A Randomized, Controlled, and Noninferiority Study
Authors: Wang Jin , Cui Xulei , Ren Liying , Li Xu , Zhang Yuelun , Xie Yi , Ji Zhigang , Huang Yuguang 
Published: February 2023

Background. This prospective, randomized, double-blinded, noninferiority study aimed to compare the effects of analgesia and recovery between transmuscular quadratus lumborum block (TMQLB) and paravertebral block (PVB). Methods. Sixty-eight, American Society of Anesthesiologists level I–III patients, who underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were randomly allocated to either TMQLB or PVB group (independent variable) in a 1 : 1 ratio. The TMQLB and PVB groups received corresponding regional anesthesia preoperatively with 0.4 ml/kg of 0.5% ropivacaine and follow-up at postoperative 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours. The participants and outcome assessors were blinded to group allocation. We hypothesized that the primary outcome, postoperative 48-hour cumulative morphine consumption, in the TMQLB group was not more than 50% of that in the PVB group. Secondary outcomes including pain numerical rating scales (NRS) and postoperative recovery data were dependent variables. Results. Thirty patients in each group completed the study. The postoperative 48-hour cumulative morphine consumption was 10.60 ± 5.28 mg in the TMQLB group and 6.40 ± 3.40 mg in the PVB group. The ratio (TMQLB versus PVB) of postoperative 48-hour morphine consumption was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.13–1.48), indicating a noninferior analgesic effect of TMQLB to PVB. The sensory block range was wider in the TMQLB group than in the PVB group (difference 2 dermatomes, 95% CI 1 to 4 dermatomes,

P
=
0.004

). The intraoperative analgesic dose was higher in the TMQLB group than in the PVB group (difference 32 µg, 95% CI: 3–62 µg,

P
=
0.03

). The postoperative pain NRS at rest and on movement, incidences of side effects, anesthesia-related satisfaction, and quality of recovery scores were similar between the two groups (all

P

>

0.05

). Conclusions. The postoperative 48-hour analgesic effect of TMQLB was noninferior to that of PVB in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. This trial is registered with NCT03975296