bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in cause-specific premature mortality in Belgium, 1998-2019
Authors: OTAVOVA Martina , MASQUELIER Bruno , FAES Christel , BORRE Laura DEN , VANDENINDEN Bram , DE CLERCQ Eva , DEVLEESSCHAUWER Brecht 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Higher levels of socioeconomic deprivation have been consistently associated with increased risk of premature mortality, but a detailed analysis by causes of death is lacking in Belgium. Our aim is to investigate the association between area deprivation and all-cause and cause-specific premature mortality in Belgium over the period 1998–2019.
Methods
We used the 2001 and 2011 Belgian indices of multiple deprivation to assign statistical sectors, the smallest geographical units in the country, into deprivation deciles. All-cause and cause-specific premature mortality rates, population attributable fraction and potential years of life lost due to inequality were estimated by period, sex, and deprivation deciles.
Results
Men and women living in the most deprived areas were 1.96 and 1.78 times more likely to die prematurely compared to those living in the least deprived areas over the period under study (1998–2019). About 28% of all premature deaths could be attributed to socioeconomic inequality and about 30% of potential years of life lost would be averted if the whole population of Belgium faced the premature mortality rates of the least deprived areas.
Conclusion
Premature mortality rates have declined over time, but the inequality has increased due to a faster pace of decrease in the least deprived areas compared to the most deprived areas. As the causes of death related to poor lifestyle choices contribute the most into the inequality gap, more effective, country-level interventions should be put in place to target segments of the population living in the most deprived areas as they are facing disproportionately high risks of dying.
Pediatric Parosteal Osteosarcoma of the Distal Radius with Destruction of the Adjacent Ulna: A Case Report
Authors: Perloff Andrea , Park SeHoon , Panganiban Robert , deVries John 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction:Parosteal osteosarcomas are low-grade bony malignancies that are treated primarily with surgical resection and reconstruction. We report a unique case of a pediatric patient who presented with a parosteal osteosarcoma of the distal radius with local invasion into the ulna. Likely due to their slow-growing nonaggressive nature, parosteal osteosarcomas have not been previously described to invade adjacent bony structures through direct contact. Our patient presented in a significantly delayed manner due to social circumstances, allowing us to inadvertently describe this novel behavior. We review this rare case and describe the current understanding of this tumor.
Case presentation:Our patient is a 13-year-old male who presented with a parosteal osteosarcoma of his distal radius. He presented with a palpable wrist mass and wrist stiffness. He presented in a delayed manner with advanced local disease due to social factors. Imaging revealed an osseous radial mass that effaced the ulna and likely stunted its growth. The patient ultimately underwent complex resection and allograft reconstruction of both his distal radius and ulna. Intraoperative pathology confirmed tumor pathology with erosion of the adjacent ulna. Allograft reconstruction of the radius and ulna was performed utilizing patient-specific custom cutting guides. At the 6-month postoperative visit, the patient had no recurrence of the mass, minimal pain, and had almost regained range of motion of the extremities. Clinical radiographs at the 6-month postoperative visit demonstrated allograft incorporation.
Conclusions: We present a previously unreported case of pediatric parosteal osteosarcoma of the distal radius with erosion of the adjacent ulna through direct contact. We describe the challenges in and emphasize the importance of arriving at a definitive diagnosis in a timely manner for the proper treatment of this malignancy.
Efficacy and safety of third-generation EGFR-TKIs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Cai Zelin , Yang Huiting , Yu Zhuoran , Su Jingyang , Ren Ning , Lin Xianlei , Zhou Heran , Huang Ting 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and objective
The third-generation EGFR-TKIs are used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. But its efficacy and safety are still unknown. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the third-generation EGFR-TKIs in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for studies in terms of the efficacy and safety of third-generation EGFR-TKIs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.4 and the odds ratio (OR) or the risk ratio (RR) or the weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), and TRAEs ≥ 3 reported in the literature.
Results
Six articles and a total of 1968 patients were finally included in this analysis. The PFS, ORR, DCR of the treatment group were significantly higher than that of the control group. The TRAEs ≥ 3 of the treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group. Nonetheless it is no significant difference in TRAEs among these trials.
Conclusion
The third-generation EGFR-TKIs is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with NSCLC. Although the number of articles included in this article is limited, according to the search results, a large number of relevant trials are ongoing. Therefore, we look forward to the results of related trials, so that the third-generation EGFR-TKIs can be widely used and cure more patients.
Positive predictive value of axillary lymph node cortical thickness and nodal, clinical, and tumor characteristics in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients
Authors: Loonis Anne-Sophie T , Chesebro Allyson L , Bay Camden P , Portnow Leah H , Weiss Anna , Chikarmane Sona A , Giess Catherine S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Axillary lymph nodes (LNs) with cortical thickness > 3 mm have a higher likelihood of malignancy. Examination of the positive predictive value (PPV) of axillary LN cortical thickness in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, and nodal, clinical, and tumor characteristics associated with axillary LN metastasis.
Methods
Retrospective review of axillary LN fine needle aspirations (FNAs) performed 1/1/2018-12/31/2019 included 135 axillary FNAs in 134 patients who underwent axillary surgery. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, histopathology and imaging features were obtained from medical records. Hypothesis testing was performed to identify predictors of axillary LN metastasis.
Results
Cytology was positive in 72/135 (53.3%), negative in 61/135 (45.2%), and nondiagnostic in 2/135 (1.5%). At surgery, histopathology was positive in 84 (62.2%) and negative in 51 (37.8%). LN cortices were thicker in metastatic compared to negative nodes (p < 0.0001). PPV of axillary LNs with cortical thickness ≥3 mm, ≥3.5 mm, ≥4 mm and ≥4.25 mm was 0.62 [95% CI 0.53, 0.70], 0.63 [0.54, 0.72], 0.67 [0.57, 0.76] and 0.74 [0.64, 0.83], respectively. At multivariable analysis, abnormal hilum was associated with nodal metastasis (OR = 3.44, p = 0.016), while focal/eccentric cortical thickening was inversely associated with metastasis (OR = 0.35, p = 0.038).
Conclusion
In newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, increasing axillary LN cortical thickness, abnormal fatty hilum, and diffuse cortical thickening are associated with nodal metastasis. PPV of axillary LN cortical thickness ≥3 mm and ≥3.5 mm is similar but increases for cortical thickness ≥4 mm. FNA of axillary LNs with cortex < 4 mm may be unnecessary for some patients undergoing sentinel LN biopsy.
Blood pressure parameters and its association with albuminuria in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and ABPM using Mobil-O-Graph.
Authors: Sołtysiak Jolanta , Skowronska Bogda , Mackowiak-lewandowicz Katarzyna , Blumczynski Andrzej , Ostalska-Nowicka Danuta , Zachwieja Jacek 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the blood pressure (BP) status, including circadian profile, arterial stiffness parameters, and hemodynamic indicators, and its association with albuminuria in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: The study included 46 patients, with an average diabetes duration of 7.38 ± 3.48 years. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was conducted using an oscillometric device, the Mobil-O-Graph, which is a Pulse Wave Analysis Monitor.
Results: Hypertension arterialis (HA) was diagnosed in 30% of the patients, prehypertension (preHA) in 53%, and normal blood pressure (N) in 17%. In most cases, elevated BP was attributed to isolated nocturnal diastolic BP increases (42% in preHA and 50% in HA). The preHA and HA groups exhibited significantly increased pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of arterial stiffness. Non-dipping status, characterized by the absence of nocturnal diastolic BP dipping, was only associated with urinary albumin excretion (UAE). UAE was positively correlated with 24-hour diastolic peripheral and central BP, diastolic load, heart rate, augmentation index (AIx@75), and nocturnal total vascular resistance (TVR).
Conclusions: Hypertension is a common complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus in adolescents, primarily caused by elevated nocturnal diastolic BP. Arterial stiffness, as indicated by PWV, appears to be the main contributor to increased BP in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Albuminuria is mainly associated with diastolic BP, particularly during the nocturnal period, including non-dipping status. The association of UAE with AIx@75 and nocturnal TVR suggests the presence of early-stage vascular disease in diabetic adolescents.
Rocky Mountain West COVID-19 Modeling: A descriptive assessment of the current public health needs during the COVID-19 pandemic to endemic transition
Authors: Quandelacy Talia M. , Kasarskis Irina , Wu Emma , Carlton Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Mathematical models of infectious diseases have played a key role in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic and many prior infectious disease outbreaks. Effective models require understanding decision-makers' needs. While much attention was placed on the needs of public health leaders in the early phase of the pandemic, by summer 2022, the way needs evolved was poorly documented. Moreover, needs in rural areas have never been well-understood. Getting a more complete and up-to-date description of these needs is key to designing modeling and data visualization tools that can aid in public health response.
Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with public health leaders representing state, local, and tribal health departments in the Rocky Mountain West in the summer of 2022 to understand their priorities, decision-making needs, and data resources over two years into the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: Public health leaders from six organizations representing three states, local, regional, and tribal public health agencies in the Rocky Mountain West participated in our interviews. Responses to priorities and needs covered a broad range of topics. Priorities included having timely information on vaccines, anticipating COVID-19 demands on hospitals, understanding the potential impacts of emerging variants and communicating immunity concepts to the public. Decisions focused on making public health recommendations as opposed to mandates. Travel-related introductions of SARS-CoV-2 infections were not a present concern compared to earlier in the pandemic. Limited access to timely COVID-19 data and challenges tracking COVID-19 hospitalizations was a challenge mentioned by multiple interviewees.
Conclusions: Over two years since SARS-CoV-2 emerged, there is still an important role for modeling during epidemic and pandemic responses. There remain major gaps in data availability, particularly related to COVID-19 hospital demand, that make it challenging to utilize timely and granular data to inform and parameterize models.
PD-L1 expression in Advanced Urothelial Carcinomas in two reference institutions in Colombia.
Authors: Hinestrosa Francisco Vicente , Diaz Jorge Augusto , Aristizabal Fabio Ancizar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine and characterize the expression level of PD-L1 in a group of local patients analyzed by: age, gender, functional status, and other potential prognostic factors.
METHODS: Descriptive, retrospective, observational cohort study. PD-L1 expression levels were measured by a validated immunohistochemistry method using 22C3 antibody, with the Combined Positive Score methodology. Demographics and other variables were collected from medical records.
RESULTS: 59 tissue samples were collected for biomarker testing. 22.0% (n=13) of the Urothelial cancer samples had a PD-L1 CPS score ≥10 and 54.2% (n=32) had a PD-L1 ≥1; for the score of ≥5 28.8% of samples fell in that category. Most cases were bladder cancers, in histopathological diagnosis most of cases were either High grade Urothelial Carcinoma or High grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma (64%).
CONCLUSION: The PD-L1 expression prevalence in a cohort of urothelial Colombian population has been studied. PD-L1 CPS score ≥10 prevalence was less for UC when compared with previous reports for these tumors in clinical trials. Further studies focused on evaluating PD-L1 expression in Colombian patient influenced by own environment and genetics are needed to define characteristics that could support decision-making for tumor treatment.
Integration of single-cell and bulk transcriptome analyses unravels a macrophage-based gene signature for prognostication and treatment in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Huang Yuan , Yu Yuan , Zhang Huangping , Zhang Ziwen , Zheng Yabing , Wang Xiaojia , Wang Xiaowei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
As a dominant component within the tumor microenvironment, macrophages exert an essential role in almost all aspects of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This work explored macrophage-associated signature genes for prognostication and treatment for TNBC.
Methods
Single-cell (GSE180286) and bulk transcriptome profiles (TCGA-TNBC, GSE96058 and GSE45255) were analyzed by executing multiple computational approaches. The expression of signature genes was verified in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7) and mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) through RT-qPCR and western blot. After RNA interference or overexpression, wound scratch assay was implemented.
Results
A single-cell map of the microenvironment of non-TNBC and TNBC was depicted. Both at the single-cell and bulk levels, macrophages exhibited the higher abundance in TNBC versus non-TNBC. A macrophage-based gene signature was built, containing CTSD, CTSL, ELK4, HSPA8, and XRCC4. High risk score was predictive of worse prognostic outcomes. Based upon external validation, the signature could reliably predict patient prognosis, notably one-year survival. High-risk patients were more responsive to immunotherapy. The aberrant expression of CTSD, CTSL, ELK4, HSPA8, and XRCC4 was proven in breast cancer cells and mammary epithelial cells. Knockdown of XRCC4 attenuated migrative abilities of MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and MCF10A cells, with opposite findings for overexpressed CTSD, CTSL, and HSPA8.
Conclusions
Altogether, a novel macrophage-based gene signature was proposed for estimating survival outcomes and treatment response in TNBC. The aberrant expression of the signature genes contributed to tumor aggressiveness. Our findings exert a positive impact on future clinical research involving macrophages in TNBC.
Influence of Occupational stress, Personality and Job demand on Mental health of Police officers in Nigeria
Authors: Esther Bobade , Obosi A. C 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Personality type, continuous exposure of police officers to traumatic and stressful events, and the demanding nature of their job are factors discovered through extensive literature review, to affect police officers’ mental health globally. Hence, a need to investigate the influence of occupational stress, personality, and job demand on police officers’ mental health in Ibadan, Nigeria was identified. The biopsychosocial model and Big Five personality model are the theoretical foundations for this study. A cross-sectional research design was adopted for this study. Cochran formula (1977) was used to determine the sample size of this study and a Multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select the research participants. A 75-item self-report questionnaire comprising socio-demographic, operational police stress scale (α .88), organizational police stress scale (α .91), job demand (α .54), personality (α .61), and mental health (α .66) was administered to the 328 participants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the socio-demographic variables, while Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression were used to test the two hypotheses for this study which was computed at < 0.05. Participants' mean age was 36.49 ± 10.56. Occupational stress has a significant negative relationship with mental health; the five personality dimensions have a significant positive relationship with mental health and the three independent variables of this study jointly predicted the mental health of Police officers in Ibadan. However, only four of the five personality dimensions independently predicted police officers in Ibadan’s Mental health and Job demand has no relationship with the mental health of Police officers in Ibadan.
Manufacturing Process of Personalized 3D Printed Occlusal Guides for Maxillofacial Fractures
Authors: Wang Honghao , Chi Yifan , Hu Yukun , Lin Lisong , Hou Jun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Restoration of the occlusal relationship is critical in the treatment of maxillofacial fractures. Poor restoration of the occlusal relationship has a serious impact on the patient's oral function and physical and mental health.
Materials and Methods
This study is based on computer-aided design and manufacturing and aimed to use computed tomography (CT) data to establish a maxillofacial bone model and perform virtual reduction of such fractures. The upper and lower dentition models were established and reconstructed via 3D printing. After the occlusal relationship was determined by the prosthodontist using the model, the occlusal relationship was obtained through an oral three-dimensional scanner. Based on the reconstructed occlusal relationship, an occlusal reduction guide plate was designed and manufactured to precisely reduce the occlusal relationship in patients with maxillofacial fractures.
Results
This study proposes a design process for occlusal guides for maxillofacial fractures that optimizes the traditional surgical processes and enhances surgical convenience.
Conclusion
This study presents new ideas for the design of personalized surgical guides for maxillofacial fractures. Clinical Relevance: The application of the occlusal guide can assist the surgeon to accurately reset the occlusal relationship and fix the occlusal relationship, which can significantly improve the operation efficiency.
"My English seems not enough": Moving from language deficit views to Kazakhstani CLIL teachers' funds of knowledge.
Authors: Bedeker Michelle , Kerimkulova Sulushash 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In Kazakhstan, the rich diversity of local knowledge seems to be ignored by policymakers who favor discourses of globalization and internationalization that disempower local expertise in favor of dominant Eurocentric thinking. Such discourses can marginalize teachers' philosophical assumptions, beliefs, and values that underlie their teaching practices. This article argues for including teachers' Funds of Knowledge (FoK) and practice-based insights to foreground their responsive and lived pedagogies despite their limited English proficiency. We used a qualitative approach that included teachers' reflections on multimodal teaching scenarios (comics) to elicit their values and beliefs about science pedagogy. The second instrument was teachers' narrative descriptions of language use in their science classrooms, collected and observed during a 45-hour professional development program. The third instrument was focus group interviews to identify biology teachers' practical, theoretical, and value-laden pedagogical choices. We conclude that a FoK framework diverted our gaze from measuring teachers against a Western-oriented standard and allowed us to foreground teachers' professional identities and practice-based EMI pedagogies as locally and contextually relevant.
Automated analysis of knee joint alignment using detailed angular values in long leg radiographs based on deep learning
Authors: Lee Hong Seon , Hwang Sangchul , Kim Sung-Hwan , Nam Bum Joon , Kim Hyeongmin , Hong Yeong Sang , Kim Sungjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
Malalignment in the lower limb structure occurs due to various causes. Accurately evaluating limb alignment in situations where malalignment needs correction is necessary.
Purpose
To create an automated support system to evaluate lower limb alignment by quantifying mechanical tibiofemoral angle (mTFA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), and joint line convergence angle (JLCA) on full-length weight-bearing radiographs of both lower extremities.
Materials and Methods
In this retrospective study, we analysed 404 radiographs from one hospital for algorithm development and testing and 30 radiographs from another hospital for external validation. The performance of segmentation algorithm was compared to that of manual segmentation using the dice similarity coefficient (DSC). The agreement of alignment parameters was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for internal and external validation. The time taken to load the data and measure the four alignment parameters was recorded.
Results
The segmentation algorithm demonstrated excellent agreement with human-annotated segmentation for all anatomical regions (average similarity: 89–97%). Internal validation yielded good to very good agreement for all the alignment parameters (ICC ranges: 0.7213- 0.9865). Interobserver correlations between manual and automatic measurements in external validation were good to very good (ICC scores: 0.7126-0.9695). The computer-aided measurement was 3.44 times faster than was the manual measurement.
Conclusion
Our deep learning-based automated measurement algorithm accurately quantified lower limb alignment from radiographs and was faster than manual measurement.