bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Iranian sub-national primary health care measurement framework: a mixed-method study
Authors: Rezapour Ramin , Khosravi Ardeshir , Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Ahmadnezhad Elham , Azami-Aghdash Saber , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDesired health outcomes are more achievable through strong Primary Health Care (PHC). Using comprehensive and scientific tools, decision-makers are guided to formulate better PHC reforms and policies. This study introduces a sub-national framework based on the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed frameworks for the PHC performance measurement.MethodBy a mixed-method and qualitative approach, the Iranian sub-national PHC Measurement Framework (PHCMF) was developed through a review of the WHO’s PHC measurement conceptual framework (for selecting Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)), literature review (academic database), PHC-related national documents, consultations with an advisory committee of national experts (6-meetings), and the Delphi technique for finalizing the framework.ResultsThe Iranian sub-national PHCMF was finalized with 100 KPIs in three components including Health systems determinants, Service Delivery, and Health system objectives. Based on the result chain domain, most KPIs were related to the output (24 KPIs) and the least were related to the input and the process (9 KPIs).ConclusionRegarding the comprehensiveness of the developed measurement framework due to its focus on all PHC operational levers and key aspects of PHC systems’ performance, it can be used as a practical tool for assessing and improving the Iranian sub-national PHC system.
The different responses of planktonic bacteria and archaea to water temperature maintain the stability of their community diversity in dammed rivers
Authors: Liu Na , Wang Baoli , Yang Meiling , Li Wanzhu , Shi Xinjie , Liu Cong-Qiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Planktonic bacteria and archaea play a key role in river nutrient biogeochemical cycling; however, their respective community assembly and how to maintain their diversity are not well known in dammed rivers. Therefore, a seasonal survey of planktonic bacterial and archaeal community compositions and related environmental factors was conducted in 16 cascade reservoirs and corresponding river waters on the Wujiang River and the Pearl River in southwest China to understand the above mechanisms.

Results
Deterministic processes dominated bacterial and archaeal community assembly. The structural equation models showed that water temperature can directly or indirectly affect the microbial diversity. Interestingly, planktonic bacterial diversity increased with increasing water temperature, while archaea showed the opposite trend; the overall diversity of bacteria and archaea was no significant changes with changeable water temperature. Abundant microbes had a stronger distance–decay relationship than middle and rare ones, and the relationship was stronger in winter and spring than in summer and autumn.

Conclusions
Planktonic bacteria and archaea in dammed rivers had different biogeographic distributions, and water temperature was a key controlling factor. The different responses of planktonic bacterial and archaeal diversity to water temperature could be due to their different phylogenetic diversity. This ultimately maintained the stability of total microbial community diversity. This study reveals the different responses of planktonic bacteria and archaea to water temperature and perfects the theoretical framework for planktonic microbial biogeography in dammed rivers.
Prevalence and predictors of suicidality among adults initiating office-based buprenorphine
Authors: Lent Michelle R. , Dugosh Karen L. , Hurstak Emily , Callahan Hannah R. , Mazur Kimberly ,   The Greater Philadelphia Opioid Use Disorder Research Group, Festa S , DeJoseph D , DeJoseph J , DeBates R , Bulan T , Harnett A , van Riper A , Millard C , Wooten H , Loscalzo E , Leonard M , Oojewoye O , Festinger D , Lavin C , Garber E , Reichert A , McKay J , Lynch K , Kampan K , Petro C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Individuals who have substance use disorders may have an elevated risk of suicidality. This study sought to examine the prevalence of, and identify factors associated with, suicidality in adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) initiating office-based buprenorphine treatment.

Methods
Individuals were eligible to participate if they had OUD and had initiated treatment in the past month. Participants (n = 244) completed a semi-structured interview using the Addiction Severity Index—Lite.

Results
At baseline, 37.70% of participants reported significant thoughts of suicide over their lifetime and 27.46% reported suicidal attempts over their lifetime. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of lifetime suicidal thoughts and attempts. A history of physical abuse (OR = 4.31, p < .001), having chronic pain-related conditions (OR = 3.28, p < .001), a history of depression (OR = 3.30, p = .001) or anxiety (OR = 7.47, p = .001), and Latino/a/x ethnicity (OR = 2.66, p = .01) were associated with an increased risk of lifetime suicidal thoughts. A history of sexual abuse (OR = 2.89, p = .01), Latino/a/x ethnicity (OR = 4.01, p < .001), a history of depression (OR = 4.03, p = .001) or anxiety (OR = 15.65, p = .007) and having a chronic pain-related condition (OR = 2.43, p = .01), were associated with an increased risk of lifetime suicide attempts.

Conclusions
Results demonstrate the high prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts among patients initiating buprenorphine. Findings may help to better identify at-risk patients and to inform screening, prevention, and mental health treatment efforts.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04650386 (registered 12 December 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04650386) and NCT04257214 (registered 5 February 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04257214).
Breed identification using breed-informative SNPs and machine learning based on whole genome sequence data and SNP chip data
Authors: Zhao Changheng , Wang Dan , Teng Jun , Yang Cheng , Zhang Xinyi , Wei Xianming , Zhang Qin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Breed identification is useful in a variety of biological contexts. Breed identification usually involves two stages, i.e., detection of breed-informative SNPs and breed assignment. For both stages, there are several methods proposed. However, what is the optimal combination of these methods remain unclear. In this study, using the whole genome sequence data available for 13 cattle breeds from Run 8 of the 1,000 Bull Genomes Project, we compared the combinations of three methods (Delta, FST, and In) for breed-informative SNP detection and five machine learning methods (KNN, SVM, RF, NB, and ANN) for breed assignment with respect to different reference population sizes and difference numbers of most breed-informative SNPs. In addition, we evaluated the accuracy of breed identification using SNP chip data of different densities.

Results
We found that all combinations performed quite well with identification accuracies over 95% in all scenarios. However, there was no combination which performed the best and robust across all scenarios. We proposed to integrate the three breed-informative detection methods, named DFI, and integrate the three machine learning methods, KNN, SVM, and RF, named KSR. We found that the combination of these two integrated methods outperformed the other combinations with accuracies over 99% in most cases and was very robust in all scenarios. The accuracies from using SNP chip data were only slightly lower than that from using sequence data in most cases.

Conclusions
The current study showed that the combination of DFI and KSR was the optimal strategy. Using sequence data resulted in higher accuracies than using chip data in most cases. However, the differences were generally small. In view of the cost of genotyping, using chip data is also a good option for breed identification.
Assessment of menstrual hygiene management knowledge, practice, and associated factors among girls in Boset District, Ethiopia: a school-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Gebre Wondimagegn , Kidane Endashaw Mandefro , Negussie Yohannes Mekuria , Getahun Mihiret Shawel , Bekele Nardos Tilahun , Gurara Abenet Menene 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent girls, particularly in lower socioeconomic settings, lack adequate knowledge of menstrual hygiene management and have subpar hygiene habits. Likewise, the factors related to it have not been well addressed, and schoolgirls are facing a range of challenges. To develop effective intervention approaches, a context-specific assessment of menstrual hygiene practices is useful. Thus, this study aimed to assess menstrual hygiene management knowledge, practice, and associated factors among girls in the Boset district, Ethiopia.MethodsA school-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Boset district secondary schools among 629 randomly selected girls using the multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered, structured questionnaire. The collected data were entered into Epi-info version 7 and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to model the association between dependent and independent variables. An adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used to measure the strength of the association, and a p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.ResultOf the total study participants, 51.2% (95% CI: 46.6–55.8%) had an appropriate practice of menstrual hygiene and 57.9% (95% CI: 53.3–62.5%) had good knowledge status on menstrual hygiene management. Being an urban resident (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.20–2.80), having a mother with a secondary and above educational level (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.07–5.57), earning regular pocket money (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.45–3.313), and discussing menstrual issues with parents and friends (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI: 2.327–5.727) were associated with good practice of menstrual hygiene.ConclusionIn this study, nearly half of the school girls had good practice and knowledge of menstrual hygiene management. Educating mothers and promoting discussion about menstrual hygiene management issues, especially in rural areas, should be priority actions.
Effects of isoflurane and xylazine on inducing cerebral ischemia by the model of middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice
Authors: Won Jinyoung , Khan Zeeshan Ahmad , Hong Yonggeun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPreclinical ischemic stroke studies extensively utilize the intraluminal suture method of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). General anesthesia administration is an essential step for MCAo, but anesthetic agents can lead to adverse effects causing death and making a considerable impact on inducing cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to comparatively assess the effect of isoflurane and xylazine on transient cerebral ischemia in a mouse model of MCAo. Twenty animals were randomly divided into four groups: sham group (no MCAo), control group (MCAo under isoflurane, no agent till reperfusion), isoflurane group (MCAo under isoflurane continued till reperfusion), xylazine group (MCAo under isoflurane, and administration of xylazine till reperfusion). The survival rate, brain infarct volume, and neurologic deficits were studied to assess the effect of isoflurane and xylazine on the stroke model. Our results showed that the body weight showed statistically significant change before and 24 h after surgery in the control and Isoflurane groups, but no difference in the Xylazine group. Also, the survival rate, brain infarct volume, and neurologic deficits were slightly reduced in the isoflurane group at 24 h after reperfusion injury. However, the xylazine and control groups showed similar BIV and neurologic deficits. Interestingly, a high survival rate was observed in the xylazine group. Our results indicate that the modified method of inhalation anesthetics combined with xylazine can reduce the risk of mortality and develop a reproducible MCAo model with predictable brain ischemia. In addition, extended isoflurane anesthesia after MCAo is associated with the risk of mortality.
Diabetes Mellitus and quality of life: lower socio-economic status patients in Indian tertiary healthcare – a cross sectional study
Authors: Bhattacharya Oishee , Alva Rhea , K.P Prajwal , Reddy G V Abhinay , Kotian Himani 
Published: June 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus has emerged as one of the most severe diseases in regards to impact on lifestyle. It behaves as a syndrome rather than a single illness owing to its long term complications. Improving the quality of life (QoL) is the main goal to be achieved, thereby making it an essential factor to prognosticate the long term health consequences. Decreased QoL has been observed in patients with long standing diabetes mellitus and worsens when comorbidities add up to it. Routine activities in patients with diabetes is associated with massive physical and psychosocial implications that can lead to lack of self-care, thereby affecting glycaemic control, leading to early development of complications, and finally affecting quality of life. The goal of this study is to understand the relation between the domains of QoL among patients with diabetes mellitus belonging to lower socio-economic status of coastal India. Methods: A cross sectional study focused on individuals seeking services of our tertiary health facility. The study analyzed 100 samples over various domains of QoL. The BG Prasad scale for socio-economic status and the MDQoL-17 questionnaire was used. SPSS version 25.0 was utilized for data analysis. Descriptive statistics namely standard deviation, mean and proportions were used for expressing the outcomes. Results: Data from 100 participants was evaluated of which 63% were males. The mean ages were between 57.2±1.2 years with 31% belonged to ages between 51-60 years. Socio-economic category 4 was highest (52%). Majority of the participants had diabetes since 1-5 years (44%) and >6.5 HbA1c was seen among 95%. A p-value of <0.001 was observed with physical functioning, physical health, emotional wellbeing, emotional health, social functioning and general health that was suggestive of statistical significance. Conclusions: The study was able to correlate various determinants of overall QoL affected, necessitating a targeted approach.
Cross-Licensing in a Supply Chain with Asymmetric Manufacturers
Authors: Wang Jingqi , Huang Tingliang , Lee Junghee 
Published: June 2023

Problem definition: Qualcomm, the largest cellphone chipmaker in the world, had adopted a cross-licensing agreement with its clients, downstream cellphone manufacturers. It requires cellphone manufacturers to allow each other to use their patents for free. This cross-licensing practice has received considerable scrutiny and attention around the world. We study the impacts of cross-licensing in a supply chain in which an upstream supplier requires its downstream competing manufacturers to cross-license, where they are asymmetric in their innovation capabilities. Methodology/results: We build a stylized model of a supply chain consisting of one supplier and two competing manufacturers and conduct game-theoretic analysis. We find that the supplier always prefers adopting cross-licensing ex post after manufacturers’ investments are sunk, but it may prefer committing to no cross-licensing ex ante. Specifically, the supplier should commit to not using cross-licensing if the inferior manufacturer’s cost of innovation is high or the effectiveness of cross-licensing is high. Furthermore, cross-licensing may increase innovation, the superior manufacturer’s profit, and social welfare under certain conditions. Interestingly, when the superior manufacturer’s cost advantage is intermediate, the inferior manufacturer’s innovation level first increases and then decreases in the effectiveness of cross-licensing. In addition, the inferior manufacturer’s profit also first increases and then decreases as the effectiveness level of cross-licensing increases. The cross-licensing policy benefits consumers when its effectiveness level is low and the superior manufacturer’s innovation cost is either high or low. Managerial implications: Our results provide guidance on when a supplier should adopt the cross-licensing strategy. For policy makers, our findings show that cross-licensing can be beneficial for consumers and the society. In particular, to increase social welfare, policy makers may consider encouraging cross-licensing with low effectiveness level when the superior manufacturer’s innovation cost is either low or high. Funding: This research is supported by Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China [Grant 2022B1515020027]. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2019.0477 .
Support to prevent older people from becoming housebound through mutual aid among residents: a qualitative study
Authors: Ohashi Junko , Kawai Takako 
Published: June 2023

Background: As Japan faces super-aging of the population and a declining birthrate, the shortage of caregivers for older people who require support in the country and a decrease in their quality of life, have become prominent issues. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare recommends mutual aid among local residents in providing such support. Aims: To qualitatively analyse issues at hand with a focus on individual visits by welfare commissioners as part of the support to promote early detection and prevention of houseboundness in older people through mutual aid among residents. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with welfare commissioners in two cities were conducted and and analysed. Findings: Among issues faced during individual visits by welfare commissioners, six categories were identified as problems. Conclusion: Welfare commissioners conduct individual visits to provide psychological support for older people who are housebound, including those who refuse to participate in group settings. Our findings highlight the need to revive the community structure that previously existed in Japan, in which residents of all ages are acquainted with each other, and to assist in efforts to support older people through mutual aid among residents.
Preparing instruments for decontamination
Authors: Nixon Jenny 
Published: June 2023

Jenny Nixon follows the journey of dental instruments through the essential cleaning process required prior to the decontamination stage. Aim To outline the place of instrument cleaning within dental decontamination processes. Objectives To inform readers of the different options for pre-sterilisation cleaning. To present the relative benefits of some cleaning methods over others. To provide readers with information about the different stages involved in instrument cleaning in a dental practice.
Accuracy of MRI scans in predicting intra-articular joint involvement in high-grade sarcomas around the knee
Authors: Kurisunkal Vineet , Morris Guy , Kaneuchi Yoichi , Bleibleh Sabri , James Steven , Botchu Rajesh , Jeys Lee , Parry Michael C. 
Published: June 2023

AimsIntra-articular (IA) tumours around the knee are treated with extra-articular (EA) resection, which is associated with poor functional outcomes. We aim to evaluate the accuracy of MRI in predicting IA involvement around the knee.MethodsWe identified 63 cases of high-grade sarcomas in or around the distal femur that underwent an EA resection from a prospectively maintained database (January 1996 to April 2020). Suspicion of IA disease was noted in 52 cases, six had IA pathological fracture, two had an effusion, two had prior surgical intervention (curettage/IA intervention), and one had an osseous metastasis in the proximal tibia. To ascertain validity, two musculoskeletal radiologists (R1, R2) reviewed the preoperative imaging (MRI) of 63 consecutive cases on two occasions six weeks apart. The radiological criteria for IA disease comprised evidence of tumour extension within the suprapatellar pouch, intercondylar notch, extension along medial/lateral retinaculum, and presence of IA fracture. The radiological predictions were then confirmed with the final histopathology of the resected specimens.ResultsThe resection histology revealed 23 cases (36.5%) showing IA disease involvement compared with 40 cases without (62%). The intraobserver variability of R1 was 0.85 (p < 0.001) compared to R2 with κ = 0.21 (p = 0.007). The interobserver variability was κ = 0.264 (p = 0.003). Knee effusion was found to be the most sensitive indicator of IA involvement, with a sensitivity of 91.3% but specificity of only 35%. However, when combined with a pathological fracture, this rose to 97.5% and 100% when disease was visible in Hoffa’s fat pad.ConclusionMRI imaging can sometimes overestimate IA joint involvement and needs to be correlated with clinical signs. In the light of our findings, we would recommend EA resections when imaging shows effusion combined with either disease in Hoffa’s fat pad or retinaculum, or pathological fractures.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):696–701.
Contemporary mortality rate and outcomes in nonagenarians after aseptic revision hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Dagneaux Louis , Amundson Adam W. , Larson Dirk R. , Pagnano Mark W. , Berry Daniel J. , Abdel Matthew P. 
Published: June 2023

AimsNonagenarians (aged 90 to 99 years) have experienced the fastest percent decile population growth in the USA recently, with a consequent increase in the prevalence of nonagenarians living with joint arthroplasties. As such, the number of revision total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) in nonagenarians is expected to increase. We aimed to determine the mortality rate, implant survivorship, and complications of nonagenarians undergoing aseptic revision THAs and revision TKAs.MethodsOur institutional total joint registry was used to identify 96 nonagenarians who underwent 97 aseptic revisions (78 hips and 19 knees) between 1997 and 2018. The most common indications were aseptic loosening and periprosthetic fracture for both revision THAs and revision TKAs. Mean age at revision was 92 years (90 to 98), mean BMI was 27 kg/m2 (16 to 47), and 67% (n = 65) were female. Mean time between primary and revision was 18 years (SD 9). Kaplan-Meier survival was used for patient mortality, and compared to age- and sex-matched control populations. Reoperation risk was assessed using cumulative incidence with death as a competing risk. Mean follow-up was five years.ResultsMortality rates were 9%, 18%, 26%, and 62% at 90 days, one year, two years, and five years, respectively, but similar to control populations. There were 43 surgical complications and five reoperations, resulting in a cumulative incidence of reoperation of 4% at five years. Medical complications were common, with a cumulative incidence of 65% at 90 days. Revisions for periprosthetic fractures were associated with higher mortality and higher 90-day risk of medical complications compared to revisions for aseptic loosening.ConclusionContemporary revision THAs and TKAs appeared to be relatively safe in selected nonagenarians managed with multidisciplinary teams. Cause of revision affected morbidity and mortality risks. While early medical and surgical complications were frequent, they seldom resulted in reoperation.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):649–656.