bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posthumanism: Intra-active Entanglements of Parental Involvement (as a Possibility of Change-Making)
Authors: Sadownik Alicja R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter begins with a presentation of posthumanism/agential realism as a theoretical perspective entangling with early childhood education and care (ECEC), and as an ethical project, crucial for sustainable futures of all earthlings. After presenting the key concepts of Barad (Meeting the universe halfway: quantum physics and the entanglement of matter and meaning. Duke University Press, 2007), to whom the theoretical perspective of agential realism can be attributed, I try to show how the practice of parental involvement, usually understood as a human–human phenomenon, can be challenged and enhanced with this theoretical anchoring. The empirical example described further in the chapter, shows how ECEC staff in one kindergarten in Norway became empowered by this theoretical perspective to try out a different way of arranging a parental meeting. The chapter concludes by pointing to the necessity of theories that empower the vibrant intuitions of ECEC teachers and encourage them to try out new (more-than-human) ways of improving the institutional practices.
Together, We Can Do More for Our Children
Authors: Višnjić Jevtić Adrijana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces Coleman and Putnam’s social capital theory and discusses its potential for inspiring reflection on the social practice of ECEC’s collaboration with children’s families. Specifically, the theory promotes reflection on the relationships that develop through a new community of parents and professionals coming together, as well as the new interconnectedness among the parents, which extends the social capital of a particular family and becomes a profitable investment in the child’s future. Understanding the concept of social capital allows for the identification of which forms are being blocked, as well as the bridging and bonding that are not occurring. The empirical case presented in this chapter highlights the role of ECEC’s recognition of a family’s culture as a bridge to the parental community. The chapter concludes with a discussion of ECEC’s role in strengthening the family’s network in times where intense migration, mobility, and other factors may impede its growth.
Theory of Practice Architectures: Parental Involvement Through Sayings, Doings, and Relatings
Authors: Sadownik Alicja R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter presents the theory of practice architectures, which allows us to look at and reflect upon parental involvement as a practice with its own traditions. As such a practice, parental involvement is constituted by cultural-discursive, material-economic, and social-political arrangements that Kemmis et al. (Changing practices, changing education, 1st edn. Springer Singapore, Imprint: Springer, 2014) have respectively referred to as sayings, doings, and relatings. This theory allows us to study parental involvement by focusing on each of these aspects, but also on ecologies that are shared with other practices, which is shown in empirical examples from the Czech Republic and Tanzania. The strength of this theory as a conceptual toolkit lies in its ability to capture the complexity of the social practice that PI is, its openness to contextualisation, and its potential for explaining how the same sayings turn into very different doings because of power and solidarity relations.
Anisotropic flow and the valence quark skeleton of hadrons
Authors: Li Meijian , Qian Wenyang , Wu Bin , Zhang Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study transverse momentum anisotropies, in particular, the elliptic flow v2 due to the interference effect sourced by valence quarks in high-energy hadron-hadron collisions. Our main formula is derived as the high-energy (eikonal) limit of the impact-parameter dependent cross section in quantum field theory, which agrees with that in terms of the impact parameter in the classical picture. As a quantitative assessment of the interference effect, we calculate v2 in the azimuthal distribution of gluons at a comprehensive coverage of the impact parameter and the transverse momentum in high-energy pion-pion collisions. In a broad range of the impact parameter, a sizable amount of v2, comparable with that produced due to saturated dense gluons or final-state interactions, is found to develop. This is in contrast with similar studies in heavy-ion collisions using classical color charge distributions in which such a contribution from geometric correlations was found to be small and has, hence, been ignored in recent studies. In our calculations, the valence sector of the pion wave function is obtained numerically from the Basis Light-Front Quantization, a non-perturbative light-front Hamiltonian approach. And our formalism is generic and can be applied to other small collision systems like proton-proton collisions.
Pole-skipping points in 2D gravity and SYK model
Authors: Yuan Haiming , Ge Xian-Hui , Kim Keun-Young , Ji Chang-Woo , Ahn Yong jun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We represent the first investigation of pole-skipping on both the gravity and field theory sides. In contrast to the higher dimensional models, there is no momentum degree of freedom in (1 + 1)−dimensional bulk theory. Thus, we then consider a scalar field mass as our degree of freedom for the pole-skipping phenomenon instead of momentum. The pole-skipping frequencies of the scalar field in 2D gravity are the same as higher dimensional cases: ω = −i2πTn for positive integers n. At each of these frequencies, there is a corresponding pole-skipping mass, so the pole-skipping points exist in (ω, m) space. We also compute the pole-skipping points of the SYK model in (ω, h) space where h is the dimension of the bilinear primary operator. We find that there is a one-to-one correspondence of the pole-skipping points between the JT gravity and the SYK model. To obtain the pole-skipping points, we need to consider the parameter ϵ related to the chemical potential on the horizon of charged JT gravity and the particle-hole asymmetric parameter $$ \mathcal{E} $$
E
of the complex SYK model as shift parameters. This highlights the ϵ − $$ \mathcal{E} $$
E
correspondence in relation to pole-skipping phenomenon.
Controlled flow reduction of an iliacoportal shunt graft for portal vein arterialization in a pediatric patient
Authors: Kulka Charlotte , Lagrèze Susanne , Verloh Niklas , Doppler Michael , Hettmer Simone , Fichtner-Feigl Stefan , Uller Wibke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPortal vein arterialization is a rarely used, temporary surgical salvage solution to prevent biliary and hepatic ischemia and necrosis in acute liver de-arterialization. However, it can induce portal hypertension, causing increased morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a 5-year-old girl with portal hypertension and right ventricle volume overload following the creation of an iliacoportal shunt graft for portal vein arterialization due to vessel-adhering neuroblastoma. Partial shunt graft closure was accomplished by placing a stent graft in an hourglass configuration via the right femoral artery using two slender-sheaths in a line with the second more distal than the first. Subsequently, the patient’s symptoms of right ventricle volume overload and portal hypertension decreased. In conclusion, endovascular reduction of elevated portal blood flow after portal vein arterialization is feasible, even in pediatric patients.
Graphical abstract
Automated, fast, robust brain extraction on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI in presence of brain tumors: an optimized model based on multi-center datasets
Authors: Teng Yuen , Chen Chaoyue , Shu Xin , Zhao Fumin , Zhang Lei , Xu Jianguo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Existing brain extraction models should be further optimized to provide more information for oncological analysis. We aimed to develop an nnU-Net–based deep learning model for automated brain extraction on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (T1CE) images in presence of brain tumors.

Methods
This is a multi-center, retrospective study involving 920 patients. A total of 720 cases with four types of intracranial tumors from private institutions were collected and set as the training group and the internal test group. Mann–Whitney U test (U test) was used to investigate if the model performance was associated with pathological types and tumor characteristics. Then, the generalization of model was independently tested on public datasets consisting of 100 glioma and 100 vestibular schwannoma cases.

Results
In the internal test, the model achieved promising performance with median Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.989 (interquartile range (IQR), 0.988–0.991), and Hausdorff distance (HD) of 6.403 mm (IQR, 5.099–8.426 mm). U test suggested a slightly descending performance in meningioma and vestibular schwannoma group. The results of U test also suggested that there was a significant difference in peritumoral edema group, with median DSC of 0.990 (IQR, 0.989–0.991, p = 0.002), and median HD of 5.916 mm (IQR, 5.000–8.000 mm, p = 0.049). In the external test, our model also showed to be robust performance, with median DSC of 0.991 (IQR, 0.983–0.998) and HD of 8.972 mm (IQR, 6.164–13.710 mm).

Conclusions
For automated processing of MRI neuroimaging data presence of brain tumors, the proposed model can perform brain extraction including important superficial structures for oncological analysis.

Clinical relevance statement
The proposed model serves as a radiological tool for image preprocessing in tumor cases, focusing on superficial brain structures, which could streamline the workflow and enhance the efficiency of subsequent radiological assessments.

Key Points
• The nnU-Net–based model is capable of segmenting significant superficial structures in brain extraction.
• The proposed model showed feasible performance, regardless of pathological types or tumor characteristics.
• The model showed generalization in the public datasets.
Breakpoints in complex chromosomal rearrangements correspond to transposase-accessible regions of DNA from mature sperm
Authors: Sugimoto Takeshi , Inagaki Hidehito , Mariya Tasuku , Kawamura Rie , Taniguchi-Ikeda Mariko , Mizuno Seiji , Muramatsu Yukako , Tsuge Ikuya , Ohashi Hirofumi , Saito Nakamichi , Hasegawa Yuiko , Ochi Nobuhiko , Yamaguchi Masatoshi , Murotsuki Jun , Kurahashi Hiroki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConstitutional complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are rare cytogenetic aberrations arising in the germline via an unknown mechanism. Here we analyzed the breakpoint junctions of microscopically three-way or more complex translocations using comprehensive genomic and epigenomic analyses. All of these translocation junctions showed submicroscopic genomic complexity reminiscent of chromothripsis. The breakpoints were clustered within small genomic domains with junctions showing microhomology or microinsertions. Notably, all of the de novo cases were of paternal origin. The breakpoint distributions corresponded specifically to the ATAC-seq (assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing) read data peak of mature sperm and not to other chromatin markers or tissues. We propose that DNA breaks in CCRs may develop in an accessible region of densely packaged chromatin during post-meiotic spermiogenesis.
View-target relation-guided unsupervised 2D image-based 3D model retrieval via transformer
Authors: Chang Jiacheng , Zhang Lanyong , Shao Zhuang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnsupervised 2D image-based 3D model retrieval aims at retrieving images from the gallery of 3D models by the given 2D images. Despite the encouraging progress made in this task, there are still two significant limitations: (1) feature alignment of 2D images and 3D model gallery is still difficult due to the huge gap between the two modalities. (2) The important view information in the 3D model gallery was ignored by the prior arts, which led to inaccurate results. To alleviate these limitations, inspired by the success of vision transformers (ViT) in a great variety of vision tasks, in this paper, we propose an end-to-end 3D model retrieval architecture on top of ViT, termly transformer-based 3D model retrieval network (T3DRN). In addition, to take advantage of the valuable view information of 3D models, we present an attentive module in T3DRN named shared view-guided attentive module (SVAM) to guide the learning of the alignment features. The proposed method is tested on the challenging dataset, MI3DOR-1. The extensive experimental results have proved the superiority of our proposed method to state-of-the-art methods.
Consistent benefits of fungicide reduction on arthropod predators and predation rates in viticulture: a five-year experiment
Authors: Reiff Jo Marie , Pennington Theresa , Kolb Sebastian , Theiss Konrad , Alakina Ekaterina , Ehringer Marvin , Mason Paul , Shrestha Rosalie , Entling Martin H. , Hoffmann Christoph 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor reliable pest suppression, benefits of habitat management for natural enemies of agricultural pests need to be consistent over time. Unfortunately, most research projects allow only for one or two years of data collection. Here, we present a five-year study on effects of fungicide reduction and altered plant architecture on arthropod abundances and natural pest control in an experimental vineyard. The vineyard rows were divided into eight groups, half of which were trained in vertical shoot position (“trellis system”) and the other half as semi-minimal pruned hedge (“minimal pruning”). Every row was divided in three sections receiving three different plant protection intensities, respectively, with fungicides certified for organic viticulture. In each year we sampled arthropods from the grapevine canopy by standardized leaf collection and beat-sheet sampling, and exposed baits of a major grapevine pest (Lobesia botrana) to assess natural pest control. Arthropods, in particular predators, benefited from reduced fungicide sprayings and in turn promoted natural pest control. In contrast, effects of minimal pruning were less strong, and restricted to the leaf mesofauna, earwigs and leafhoppers. Across the five study years with their variable weather conditions, we conclude that the advantages of reduced fungicide sprayings in fungus-resistant varieties are consistent over time.
Cautious policy programming: exploiting KL regularization for monotonic policy improvement in reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhu Lingwei , Matsubara Takamitsu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose cautious policy programming (CPP), a novel value-based reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm that exploits the idea of monotonic policy improvement during learning. Based on the nature of entropy-regularized RL, we derive a new entropy-regularization-aware lower bound of policy improvement that depends on the expected policy advantage function but not on state-action-space-wise maximization as in prior work. CPP leverages this lower bound as a criterion for adjusting the degree of a policy update for alleviating policy oscillation. Different from similar algorithms that are mostly theory-oriented, we also propose a novel interpolation scheme that makes CPP better scale in high dimensional control problems. We demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can trade off performance and stability in both didactic classic control problems and challenging high-dimensional Atari games.
Fair tree classifier using strong demographic parity
Authors: Pereira Barata António , Takes Frank W. , van den Herik H. Jaap , Veenman Cor J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhen dealing with sensitive data in automated data-driven decision-making, an important concern is to learn predictors with high performance towards a class label, whilst minimising for the discrimination towards any sensitive attribute, like gender or race, induced from biased data. Hybrid tree optimisation criteria have been proposed which combine classification performance and fairness. Although the threshold-free ROC-AUC is the standard for measuring classification model performance, current fair tree classification methods mainly optimise for a fixed threshold on the fairness metric. In this paper, we propose SCAFF—splitting criterion AUC for Fairness—a compound decision tree splitting criterion which combines the threshold-free strong demographic parity with ROC-AUC termed, easily applicable as an ensemble. Our method simultaneously leverages multiple sensitive attributes of which the values may be multicategorical, and is tunable with respect to the unavoidable performance-fairness trade-off. In our experiments, we demonstrate how SCAFF generates effective models with competitive performance and fairness with respect to binary, multicategorical, and multiple sensitive attributes.
Augmented Lagrangian index-3 semi-recursive formulations with projections
Authors: López Varela Álvaro , Dopico Dopico Daniel , Luaces Fernández Alberto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSensitivity analysis represents a powerful tool for the optimization of multibody system dynamics. The performance of a gradient-based optimization algorithm is strongly tied to the dynamic and the sensitivity formulations considered. The accuracy and efficiency are critical to any optimization problem, thus they are key factors in the selection of the dynamic and sensitivity analysis approaches used to compute an objective function gradient. Semi-recursive methods usually outperform global methods in terms of computational time, even though they involve sometimes demanding recursive procedures. Semi-recursive methods are well suited to be combined with different constraints enforcement schemes as the augmented Lagrangian index-3 formulation with velocity and acceleration projections (ALI3-P), taking advantage of the robustness, accurate fulfillment of constraint equations and the low computational burden. The sensitivity analysis of the semi-recursive ALI3-P formulation is studied in this document by means of the direct differentiation method. As a result, a semi-recursive ALI3-P sensitivity formulation is developed for an arbitrary reference point selection, and then two particular versions are unfolded and implemented in the general purpose multibody library MBSLIM, using as reference point the center of mass (RTdyn0) or the global origin of coordinates (RTdyn1). Besides, the detailed derivatives of the recursive terms are provided, which will be useful not only for the direct sensitivity formulation presented herein, but also for other sensitivity formulations relying on the same recursive expressions. The implementation has been tested in two numerical experiments, a five-bar benchmark problem and a buggy vehicle.
From Tourist to Pilgrim: Theological and Pastoral Challenges in the Context of the Camino de Santiago
Authors: Roszak Piotr 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article presents an analysis of the current challenges to the identity of the Christian pilgrim in the face of the dynamic growth of religious tourism. The semantic inflation that results in every wanderer being described as a pilgrim implies a new configuration of pastoral care, especially in terms of responding to the perceived “consumerism of the sacred.” In the context of Zygmunt Bauman’s observations concerning the transformation of the pilgrim into the tourist, the article proposes a reverse type of reflection, that is, how the tourist can become a pilgrim in the reality of modern-day pilgrimage routes. The Camino de Santiago was chosen as the point of reference, and current pastoral activities – both institutional and individual – were analyzed.
An egalitarian challenge to increasing epistemic value in democracy
Authors: Müller Julian F. , Afrouzi Amin Ebrahimi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe epistemic value of a political procedure—such as democracy or a civil trial system—depends on how well it performs in arriving at decisions that are correct by some independent standard. A core assumption in the literature on epistemic democracy is that boosting the epistemic value of such a procedure makes it better overall. Even though this assumption seems innocuous (and hence has not been discussed in much detail), we will argue that it is not beyond the pale of reasonable disagreement. For it is possible to increase the epistemic value of a political procedure in ways that give rise to egalitarian objections.
Investigating the impacts of humans and dogs on the spatial and temporal activity of wildlife in urban woodlands
Authors: Beasley Rachael , Carbone Chris , Brooker Adrian , Rowcliffe Marcus , Waage Jeff 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHumans can derive enormous benefit from the natural environment and the wildlife they see there, but increasing human use of natural environments may negatively impact wildlife, particularly in urban green spaces. Few studies have focused on the trade-offs between intensive human use and wildlife use of shared green spaces in urban areas. In this paper, we investigate the impacts of humans and their dogs on wildlife within an urban green space using camera trap data from Hampstead Heath, London. Spatial and temporal activity of common woodland bird and mammal species were compared between sites with low and high frequency of visits by humans and dogs. There was no significant difference in the spatial or temporal activity of wildlife species between sites with lower and higher visitation rates of humans and dogs, except with European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) which showed extended activity in the mornings and early evenings in sites with lower visitation rates. This may have implications for the survival and reproductive success of European hedgehogs. Our results suggest that adaptation to human and dog activity deserves greater study in urban green spaces, as would a broader approach to measuring possible anthropogenic effects.
Neurocognitive Dysfunction After Treatment for Pediatric Brain Tumors: Subtype-Specific Findings and Proposal for Brain Network-Informed Evaluations
Authors: Sleurs Charlotte , Fletcher Paul , Mallucci Conor , Avula Shivaram , Ajithkumar Thankamma 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe increasing number of long-term survivors of pediatric brain tumors requires us to incorporate the most recent knowledge derived from cognitive neuroscience into their oncological treatment. As the lesion itself, as well as each treatment, can cause specific neural damage, the long-term neurocognitive outcomes are highly complex and challenging to assess. The number of neurocognitive studies in this population grows exponentially worldwide, motivating modern neuroscience to provide guidance in follow-up before, during and after treatment. In this review, we provide an overview of structural and functional brain connectomes and their role in the neuropsychological outcomes of specific brain tumor types. Based on this information, we propose a theoretical neuroscientific framework to apply appropriate neuropsychological and imaging follow-up for future clinical care and rehabilitation trials.