bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing changes in incubation period, serial interval, and generation time of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Xiangyanyu , Wu Yanpeng , Kummer Allisandra G. , Zhao Yuchen , Hu Zexin , Wang Yan , Liu Hengcong , Ajelli Marco , Yu Hongjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAfter the first COVID-19 wave caused by the ancestral lineage, the pandemic has been fueled from the continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. Understanding key time-to-event periods for each emerging variant of concern is critical as it can provide insights into the future trajectory of the virus and help inform outbreak preparedness and response planning. Here, we aim to examine how the incubation period, serial interval, and generation time have changed from the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 lineage to different variants of concern.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis that synthesized the estimates of incubation period, serial interval, and generation time (both realized and intrinsic) for the ancestral lineage, Alpha, Beta, and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2.ResultsOur study included 274 records obtained from 147 household studies, contact tracing studies or studies where epidemiological links were known. With each emerging variant, we found a progressive shortening of each of the analyzed key time-to-event periods. Specifically, we found that Omicron had the shortest pooled estimates for the incubation period (3.63 days, 95%CI: 3.25-4.02 days), serial interval (3.19 days, 95%CI: 2.95-3.43 days), and realized generation time (2.96 days, 95%CI: 2.54-3.38 days) whereas the ancestral lineage had the highest pooled estimates for each of them. We also observed shorter pooled estimates for the serial interval compared to the incubation period across the virus lineages. We found considerable heterogeneities (I2> 80%) when pooling the estimates across different virus lineages, indicating potential unmeasured confounding from population factors (e.g., social behavior, deployed interventions).ConclusionOur study supports the importance of conducting contact tracing and epidemiological investigations to monitor changes in SARS-CoV-2 transmission patterns. Our findings highlight a progressive shortening of the incubation period, serial interval, and generation time, which can lead to epidemics that spread faster, with larger peak incidence, and harder to control. We also consistently found a shorter serial interval than incubation period, suggesting that a key feature of SARS-CoV-2 is the potential for pre-symptomatic transmission. These observations are instrumental to plan for future COVID-19 waves.
Business model innovation in the food sector: towards a dimensional framework for analyzing the value proposition of digital platforms for food information services
Authors: Felicetti Alberto Michele , Volpentesta Antonio Palmiro , Linzalone Roberto , Schiuma Giovanni , Ammirato Salvatore 
Published: May 2023

PurposeDigital platforms for the provision of food information-based services (FISs) represent a consolidated business with increasing revenue streams for entrepreneurs. Such platforms have transformed and clarified the nature of uncertainty and ambiguity inherent in the traditional food sector entrepreneurial processes. Anyway, a clear understanding of the value of digital platforms for FISs is not yet consolidated in the literature. With this paper, the authors try to fill this gap through a critical literature review of scientific research that combines knowledge on food consumer's behavior and user's knowledge behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe authors carried out a critical literature review of scientific research combining knowledge of food consumer's and food information user's behavior. This allowed the identification of the main value components of FISs.FindingsThe authors propose a multidimensional framework for modelling the value proposition of digital platforms for FISs. Three main value dimensions have been identified: relevance, credibility, and accessibility. These dimensions concur with the consumer's perceived value of consumers in terms of benefits increase and cost reduction.Research limitations/implicationsThe research was intended to shed light on aspects characterizing consumers' perception of food information value. The authors put in evidence that the informational perspective of food communication is under-investigated. This study attempts to provide a holistic overview of the dimensions impacting on consumers' perception of the value of information for food consumers, opening new research perspectives.Practical implicationsThe framework represents a tool for positioning food information offerings on the market, with the objective to analyze the value proposition of FISs according to a consumer perspective and to understand gaps of current offering of FISs. Moreover, it may support the design of a new generation of digital platform for food information provision, which would respond to consumers' expectations and information needs, highlighting emerging business opportunities for digital entrepreneurs.Originality/valueFew research works provide a characterization of value proposition of digital platforms providing food information to consumers. In particular, to date, literature lacks of a holistic overview of the dimensions influencing consumer's perception of the information value of food communications.
The impact of anti-COVID-19 restrictions and transitory unemployment insurance policies on unemployment in Russia
Authors: Kotyrlo Elena 
Published: May 2023

PurposeDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, transitory unemployment insurance (UI) policies substantially increased unemployment benefits (UBs) and the number of eligible groups in Russia. The procedure for registering as unemployed was moved to an online platform. The present paper aims to distinguish the effect of anti-COVID-19 restrictions on unemployment from that of the transitory unemployment insurance policies.Design/methodology/approachUsing 553,627 approved claims for unemployment benefits from the Russian Public Employment Service (PES) administrative records (June 2019–December 2020), monthly data on the number of individuals registered as unemployed are aggregated in a pseudo panel. A double-difference approach is employed to identify the effects of the social interaction intensity and teleworkability (TW) of the latest occupation on unemployment. The first is associated with a direct effect of anti-COVID-19 restrictions and the latter with the simplified application procedure.FindingsThe face-to-face (F2F) intensity of the latest occupation did not lead to any increase in the number of unemployed persons as could be expected in response to anti-COVID-19 restrictions. Job TW had two opposite effects on unemployment: it decreased individuals' risk of job loss and increased their likelihood of claiming unemployment benefits. Surprisingly, however, in line with the typical response of the Russian labour market to downturns, the latter dominated. The largest response was found among men and individuals with primary education.Originality/valueThis study is the first to attempt to distinguish the effect of anti-COVID-19 restrictions from that of the transitory UI policies on unemployment in Russia.
Paradoxical leadership and employee creativity: knowledge sharing and hiding as mediators
Authors: Devi N. Chitra 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the mediating role played by the contradictory behaviour of knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding in the relationship between paradoxical leadership and employee creativity.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was conducted with 276 employees working in information technology firms in India. “To assess the relationship between the constructs, single and parallel mediation analysis of structural equation modelling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) have been performed”.

Findings
This study found that paradoxical leadership is significantly associated with employee creativity. Besides, it has also been found that knowledge sharing has emerged as a mediator that explains the relationship between paradoxical leadership and creativity, while knowledge hiding has not been a mediator to explain the relationship between paradoxical leadership and creativity among employees. According to the study, it was found that discouraging knowledge-hiding behaviour can increase employee knowledge sharing, which in turn fosters employee creativity.

Research limitations/implications
Research has examined the relationship between paradoxical leadership and employee creativity in this paradigm, as well as the roles of knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding as mediators.

Practical implications
The results of this study will help top management to create strategies for enhancing the relationship between a leader and their subordinates by using effective knowledge management strategies that foster employee creativity. Employee creativity would be facilitated effectively by the paradoxical leader who regulates knowledge-hiding behaviour among employees and promotes knowledge-sharing behaviour.

Originality/value
This study addresses the gap in prior research by investigating the role of paradoxical leadership in managing the contradictory behaviours of knowledge sharing and hiding and their impact on employee creativity. As the motivation for knowledge sharing and hiding are inherently distinct, leaders with paradoxical qualities foster a culture of openness and trust to encourage knowledge-sharing while discouraging knowledge-hiding behaviour. By controlling knowledge-hiding behavior empowers employees to make meaningful contributions to the organization’s success through effective collaboration and teamwork, allowing for a more innovative and creative workplace. Because preventing knowledge-hiding behaviour is a means to promote knowledge sharing and ultimately foster creativity in an organisation. Overall, this paper offers unique insights into the intricate dynamics of knowledge management and provides valuable recommendations for leaders managing employees exhibiting contradictory behaviours in the workplace.
Mental health of single mothers in Australia
Authors: Dey Tania , Cebulla Andreas 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine mental health amongst two cohorts of single mothers in Australia before and after major social welfare reforms, which limited single parents’ access to welfare payments to encourage labour market participation.

Design/methodology/approach
The study analyses The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health, which surveyed 9,145 women born in the 1970s in 2003, and 8,346 women born in the 1990s in 2019.

Findings
Compared with other women of similar age, single mothers reported a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, self-harm and suicidal thoughts and lower levels of mental health, although the magnitude varied between age groups and cohorts. This difference disappeared after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. Mental health of single mothers improved relative to that of other women between cohorts (1970s cohort surveyed in 2003, aged 25–30 versus 1990s cohort surveyed 2019, aged 24–30) and within the same 1970s cohort (surveyed 2003 and 2018), all else equal. Single mothers from the 1970s cohort aged 40–45 years and those in the 1990s cohort aged 24–30 years old were more qualified and held better jobs than the 1970s cohort at aged 25–30. Stress-related to money, ability to manage on available income and experiencing domestic violence were negatively associated with mental health across all cohorts and ages. Social support had a strong positive association with mental health.

Originality/value
The study suggests low welfare payment to encourage greater labour market participation is associated with financial distress linked to poor mental health.
The role of text genre in the construction of generalisation inferences
Authors: Ritchey Kristin A. , Jackson Charles , Davis Somer 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundGeneralisation inferences let readers identify a conceptually superordinate statement to represent multiple subordinate concepts. This study measures text genres' influence on the scope and timing of generalisation inferences.MethodsTo measure the scope, or breadth, of generalisation inferences, undergraduates (N = 266) read expository and literary texts containing target sentences that were consistent, inconsistent or off‐topic in relation to the generalisation implied in each paragraph. To test when the generalisations were inferred, target sentences were placed either early or late in each paragraph.ResultsReaders drew broad generalisations early in the text and changed to specific generalisations later for exposition. The generalisations inferred from fairy tales were specific regardless of whether tested early or later in the text.ConclusionsReaders construct generalisation inferences while reading both expository and literary texts, although the timing and scope of the inferences vary slightly by genre. Implications for theories of reading comprehension and applications for reading interventions are discussed.
Efficient nanoparticle‐based CRISPR‐Cas13d induced mRNA disruption of an eye pigmentation gene in the white‐backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera
Authors: Ma Yun‐Feng , Zhang Meng‐Qi , Gong Lang‐Lang , Liu Xuan‐Zheng , Long Gui‐Jun , Guo Huan , Hull J. Joe , Dewer Youssef , He Ming , He Peng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe discovery of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) system has driven gene manipulation technology to a new era with applications reported in organisms that span the tree of life. The utility of CRISPR‐mediated editing was further expanded to mRNA following identification of the RNA‐targeting Cas13 family of smaller endonuclease proteins. Application of this family to insect research, however, has been more limited. In this study, the smallest Cas13 family member, Cas13d, and guide RNAs (gRNAs) were complexed with a versatile nanomaterial (star polycation, SPc) to generate a proof‐of‐concept RNA‐editing platform capable of disrupting mRNA expression of the eye pigmentation gene tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase (SfTO) in white‐backed planthoppers (WBPHs). The resulting red‐eye phenotype was present in 19.76% (with SPc) and 22.99% (without SPc) of the treatment groups and was comparable to the red‐eye phenotype generated following conventional RNA interference knockdown (22.22%). Furthermore, the Cas13/gRNA phenotype manifested more quickly than RNA interference. Consistent with the expected Cas13d mechanism, SfTO transcript levels were significantly reduced. Taken together, the results indicate that the SPc‐CRISPR‐Cas13d/gRNA complex negatively impacted expression of the target gene. These findings confirm the utility of this novel mRNA disruption system in insects and lay the foundation for further development of these tools in the implementation of green agricultural pest management tactics.
Prevalence trends and disease burden of diabetes and prediabetes in Chinese adults of Shanghai
Authors: Pei Jianfeng , Li Yanyun , Yang Yihui , Cheng Minna , Shi Yan , Xu Wang Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo estimate secular trends and disease burden of diabetes and prediabetes among Chinese adults.MethodsThree population‐based surveys were performed among Chinese adults in Shanghai in 2002–2003 (n = 12 302), 2009 (n = 7414), and 2017 (n = 18 960). Diabetes and prediabetes were defined using the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Cochran‐Armitage trend test was used to examine the trends in prevalence, awareness, and glycemic control status. Disability adjusted life years (DALYs) were estimated to evaluate the disease burden of diabetes‐related complications using the population attribution fraction approach based on published data.ResultsThe age‐adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased during the 15‐year period (p for trend <.001) and reached 23.0% (95% CI: 22.1 ~ 24.0%) in men and 15.7% (95% CI: 15.1 ~ 16.4%) among women in 2017. The prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance peaked in 2009, whereas that of impaired fasting glucose increased continuously (p for trend <.001). The awareness of diabetes was found to increase and the glycemic control rates decreased over the three surveys. The estimated DALYs of diabetes complications were found to have increased rapidly due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the decreasing glycemic control rates.ConclusionsPrediabetes and diabetes affect a considerable proportion of Chinese adults in Shanghai. Our results highlight the necessary to strengthen the community healthcare system in China to guarantee extensive management of diabetes and prediabetes.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus patient with COVID‐19: Case report and review
Authors: Luo Fang , Ye Qiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS‐A) is considered a rare and serious complication of coronavirus disease 2019, which more frequently occurs in young, male, and either non‐Hispanic black or Hispanic persons. Here we present a Chinese woman aged 50 years with systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosed with MIS‐A. She experienced unexpected sudden cardiac and liver injuries and hemodynamic collapse, and her platelet count dropped sharply on hospital day 2. Unfortunately, the patient's condition gradually deteriorated despite maximum support and she died on day 3. We present this rare case to emphasize that MIS‐A in autoimmune diseases may be more severe and its management may be more difficult.
An individualised tapering protocol reduces opioid use 1 year after spine surgery: A randomised controlled trial of patients with preoperative opioid use
Authors: Uhrbrand Peter Gaarsdal , Rasmussen Mikkel Mylius , Haroutounian Simon , Nikolajsen Lone 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPersistent opioid use following surgery is common especially in patients with preoperative opioid use. This study aims to determine the long‐term effect of an individualised opioid tapering plan versus standard of care in patients with a preoperative opioid use undergoing spine surgery at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.MethodsThis is the 1‐year follow‐up of a prospective, single‐centre, randomised trial of 110 patients who underwent elective spine surgery for degenerative disease. The intervention was an individualised tapering plan at discharge and telephone counselling 1 week after discharge, compared to standard of care. Postoperative outcomes after 1 year include opioid use, reasons for opioid use and pain intensity.ResultsThe overall response rate to the 1‐year follow‐up questionnaire was 94% (intervention group 52/55 patients and control group 51/55 patients). Forty‐two patients (proportion = 0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.89) in the intervention group compared to 31 (0.61, 95% CI 0.47–0.73; p = .026) patients in the control group succeeded in tapering to zero 1 year after discharge (p = .026). One patient (0.02, 95% CI 0.01–0.13) in the intervention group compared to seven patients (0.14, 95% CI 0.07–0.26) in the control group were unable to taper to their preoperative dose 1 year after discharge (p = .025). Back/neck and radicular pain intensity was similar between study groups.ConclusionThese results suggest that an individualised tapering plan at discharge combined with telephone counselling 1 week after discharge can reduce opioid use 1 year after spine surgery.
Influence of climatic factors and floristic diversity on the foraging activity of Apis mellifera adansonii Latreille in a West African Savannah
Authors: Kanazoe Issaka Wendpanga , Nombré Issa , Ouédraogo Sambo , Boussim Joseph Issaka , Vereecken Nicolas J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe foraging activities of pollinators depend on a variety of factors, such as the availability of pollen and nectar resources or the seasonality. We performed measurements on the activity patterns of Apis mellifera adansonii Latreille by focusing on different factors: (i) we counted the number of bees entering the hives during 10 min per hour starting from 05:00 AM to 06:00 PM, once a month and along the year, (ii) we measured the hive weights at different intervals during the study and (iii) we characterised the diversity of melliferous plants within a 1 km radius around the hives. Our results show that melliferous flora is composed of 83 species. During the dry season, the honey bees foraged on flowering trees and shrubs, whereas in the rainy season herbaceous plants provided forage for honey bees. The results revealed a significant correlation between foraging activity and the mean hive weights (r = 0.9) while relative humidity was negatively correlated but not significantly with, respectively, mean hive weights (r = −0.5) and foraging activity (r = −0.6). Thus, the combination of biotic and abiotic factors resulted in two distinct periods, namely a phase of honey flow followed by a phase of honey scarcity.
Face mask use during the COVID‐19 pandemic was associated with breathing difficulties in adolescent patients with asthma
Authors: Moumneh Ali , Kofoed Poul‐Erik Lund , Vahlkvist Signe Voss 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimFace masks have been used to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 transmission. We investigated the impact of face mask use on paediatric patients with asthma.MethodsBetween February 2021 and January 2022, we surveyed adolescents aged 10–17 attending the paediatric outpatient clinic at the Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark with asthma, other breathing problems or no breathing problems.ResultsWe recruited 408 participants (53.4% girls) with a median age of 14 years: 312 in the asthma group, 37 in the other breathing problems group and 59 in the no breathing problems group. Most participants experienced mask‐related breathing impairment. The relative risk (RR) of experiencing severe breathing problems, compared to no problems, was more than four times as high for adolescents with asthma (RR 4.6, 95% CI 1.3–16.8, p = 0.02) than adolescents with no breathing problems. More than a third (35.9%) of the asthma group experienced mild asthma and 3.9% had severe asthma. Girls experienced more mild (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–3.1, p < 0.01) and severe (RR 6.6, 95% CI 3.1–13.8, p < 0.01) symptoms than boys. Age had no effect. Adequate asthma control minimised negative effects.ConclusionFace masks caused significant breathing impairment in most adolescents, particularly in those with asthma.