bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying relational turbulence theory to examine partner (under)accommodation during conversations about relational stressors
Authors: Dhillon Anuraj 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUtilizing the prepositions of relational turbulence theory (RTT), the present study proposes that relational uncertainty and partner interference assessed before the conversation about a relational stressor may polarize perceptions of partner (under)accommodation during the conversation, and those perceptions may further associate with global evaluations of relationships as turbulent measured post conversation. Fifty heterosexual couples (100 individuals) participated in the pre‐survey, lab visit, and post‐survey. Findings uncovered that for men, perceptions of partner (under)accommodation mediated the association between relational uncertainty and relational turbulence, and perceptions of partner accommodation mediated the association between partner interference and relational turbulence. Further, for women, perceptions of partner underaccommodation mediated the association between relational partner interference and relational turbulence. The results extend the utility of RTT in examining perceptions of partners' (under)accommodative behaviors during conversations about relational stressors.
Reading Fanon on Hegel
Authors: Hogan Brandon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractScholars who write about Fanon's engagement with Hegel in Black Skin, White Masks divide into roughly two groups. One group takes it that Fanon engages with Hegel to critique his philosophical views. This group takes it that Fanon views Hegel as irrelevant to the Black struggle against modern, anti‐Black racism. It is easy to see why this reading is natural and tempting, given the widely held belief that Hegel's philosophy is essentially racist. The second group believes that Fanon relies on Hegel to explain the predicament of Black people who face racial discrimination. Indeed, some in this group believe that Fanon relies on Hegel to justify his call to violence in The Wretched of the Earth. I side with the second group. Fanon's engagement with Hegel is not a critique, but a thoughtful application of Hegel's thought that illustrates the connection between self‐consciousness, autonomy, and interpersonal recognition. In this article, I'll explain the positions of both camps and provide reasons to think the second camp has a better take on Fanon's reading of Hegel.
Human Performance in Competitive and Collaborative Human–Machine Teams
Authors: Bennett Murray S. , Hedley Laiton , Love Jonathon , Houpt Joseph W. , Brown Scott D. , Eidels Ami 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the modern world, many important tasks have become too complex for a single unaided individual to manage. Teams conduct some safety‐critical tasks to improve task performance and minimize the risk of error. These teams have traditionally consisted of human operators, yet, nowadays, artificial intelligence and machine systems are incorporated into team environments to improve performance and capacity. We used a computerized task modeled after a classic arcade game to investigate the performance of human–machine and human–human teams. We manipulated the group conditions between team members; sometimes, they were instructed to collaborate, compete, or work separately. We evaluated players' performance in the main task (gameplay) and, in post hoc analyses, participant behavioral patterns to inform group strategies. We compared game performance between team types (human–human vs. human–machine) and group conditions (competitive, collaborative, independent). Adapting workload capacity analysis to human–machine teams, we found performance under both team types and all group conditions suffered a performance efficiency cost. However, we observed a reduced cost in collaborative over competitive teams within human–human pairings, but this effect was diminished when playing with a machine partner. The implications of workload capacity analysis as a powerful tool for human–machine team performance measurement are discussed.
Molecular analysis separates the Atlantic population of Montagu's stellate barnacle into two cryptic species
Authors: Bronstein Omri , Motro Uzi , Simon‐Blecher Noa , Ndao Papa Demba , Savaya Amit , Achituv Yair 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe distribution of the intertidal barnacle Chthamalus montagui spans the West Mediterranean Sea and the Northeast Atlantic shores of Europe and West Africa. Knowledge of the phylogeography of this species has been limited to the Mediterranean and the European shores of the Atlantic. The present study considers the populations of West Europe, but also focuses on the overlooked populations of West Africa. We performed a molecular analysis using two markers: the mitochondrial COI gene and the nuclear rRNA ITS gene. Whereas ITS proved to be non‐informative, COI has demonstrated that the East Atlantic population of C. montagui comprises two genetically distinct clades: a northern clade that ranges from Mauritania to Scotland and a southern clade that comprises the populations from Senegal. These clades are separated by the Cape Verde Front, which stretches west of the upwelling area off Mauritania. We consider these clades as two cryptic species of the nominal species C. montagui.
Many kinases for controlling the water channel aquaporin‐2
Authors: Kharin Andrii , Klussmann Enno 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAquaporin‐2 (AQP2) is a member of the aquaporin water channel family. In the kidney, AQP2 is expressed in collecting duct principal cells where it facilitates water reabsorption in response to antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin, AVP). AVP induces the redistribution of AQP2 from intracellular vesicles and its incorporation into the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane insertion of AQP2 represents the crucial step in AVP‐mediated water reabsorption. Dysregulation of the system preventing the AQP2 plasma membrane insertion causes diabetes insipidus (DI), a disease characterised by an impaired urine concentrating ability and polydipsia. There is no satisfactory treatment of DI available. This review discusses kinases that control the localisation of AQP2 and points out potential kinase‐directed targets for the treatment of DI.
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Age and origin of Early Cretaceous magmatism in the southernmost Omineca Belt, northern U.S. Cordillera
Authors: Gaschnig Richard M. , Lewis Reed S. , Vervoort Jeff D. 
Published: July 2023

We present results of a geochronological and geochemical study of the Kaniksu batholith, located in northern Idaho and Washington near the Canadian border. This batholith occurs at the southern end of the Omineca Belt and forms an integral part of the Priest River metamorphic complex. The Kaniksu batholith is compositionally diverse, but granitoids can be grouped into a volumetrically major peraluminous and metaluminous suite and a volumetrically minor alkalic suite based on lithology and major-element composition; additional compositionally similar alkalic plutons extend far to the south of the main footprint of the batholith. Laser ablation−inductively coupled plasma−mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb zircon dating revealed that most granitoids of the batholith formed in the Early Cretaceous between 120 Ma and 100 Ma, although magmatism continued until ca. 73 Ma. The dominance of Early Cretaceous ages closely matches magmatic age distributions elsewhere in the Omineca Belt. There is no clear relationship between age and suite assignment or other geochemical characteristics.
Whole-rock Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope data along with zircon Hf isotope data suggest that the alkalic and metaluminous suites can largely be explained as mixtures of partial melts from the Mesoproterozoic Moyie sills and metasedimentary rocks of the Belt Supergroup, whereas a third component, perhaps Paleoproterozoic or Neoarchean meta-igneous basement, is required to explain the origin of the peraluminous suite. All of these granitoids formed well behind the Cordilleran arc front in an area characterized by multiple episodes of crustal thickening. As there is little evidence of contemporaneous mantle-derived magmatism, crustal thickening was probably the main driver of batholith formation.
Workplace-based knowledge exchange programmes between academics, policy-makers and providers of healthcare: a qualitative study
Authors: Kumpunen Stephanie , Matthews Jake , Amuthalingam Thuvarahan , Irving Greg , Bridgwood Bernadeta , Pettigrew Luisa M 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundWorkplace-based knowledge exchange programmes (WKEPs), such as job shadowing or secondments, offer potential for health and care providers, academics, and policy-makers to foster partnerships, develop local solutions and overcome key differences in practices. Yet opportunities for exchange can be hard to find and are poorly reported in the literature.ObjectivesTo understand the views of providers, academics and policy-makers regarding WKEPs, in particular, their motivations to participate in such exchanges and the perceived barriers and facilitators to participation.MethodsA qualitative study involving semistructured interviews with 20 healthcare providers, academics and policy-makers in England. Rapid data collection and analysis techniques were employed. Interviews formed part of a wider scoping study that mapped the characteristics and existing literature related to WKEPs.ResultsInterviewees reported being motivated to develop, sponsor and/or participate in WKEPs with a clear purpose and defined outcomes that could demonstrate the value of the time out of work to their organisations. Perceived barriers included competitive application processes for national fellowships, a lack of knowing how to identify with whom to undertake an exchange (varying ‘tribes’), and the burdens of time, costs and administration regarding arranging exchanges. WKEPs were reported to work best where there was a perceived sense of shared purpose, long-standing relationship and trust between organisations. Facilitators included existing confidentiality agreements and/or shared professional standards, as well as funding.ConclusionWKEPs were reported to be valuable experiences but required significant organisational buy-in and cooperation to arrange and sustain. To benefit emerging partnerships, such as the new integrated care systems in England, more outcomes evaluations of existing WKEPs are needed, and research focused on overcoming barriers to participation, such as time and costs.
Periodic Limb Movements during Sleep in Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Narcolepsy: A Cross-Sectional Study in China
Authors: Zhao Xianchao , Ren Jiafeng , Chen Guoyan , Cheng Jinxiang , Shang Danqing , Wu Min , Yang Yiqing , Zhou Junying , Su Changjun 
Published: July 2023

Objectives. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence and effects of periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) on nighttime sleep and daytime sleepiness in children/adolescents and adults with narcolepsy. Methods. A total of 94 patients with narcolepsy were recruited in this study. They were classified into two groups including children/adolescents (<18 years,

n
=
41

) and adults (≥18 years,

n
=
53

). All participants completed face-to-face interviews and underwent polysomnography assessment followed by multiple sleep latency test. Demographic, clinical, and sleep parameters were compared between narcoleptic patients with and without PLMS. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the association between PLMS and sleep parameters. Results. Thirty-eight (40.4%) patients with narcolepsy were defined as having PLMS, and there was a higher prevalence of PLMS in the children/adolescents than in the adults with narcolepsy (56.1% vs. 28.3%, respectively,

P
=
0.006

). Narcoleptic patients with PLMS had a significantly shorter total sleep time, lower sleep efficiency (SE), and more wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) than those without PLMS in adults (all

P
<
0.05

). After adjusting for the potential confounders, PLMS was significantly associated with lower SE (

adjusted

β
=
−
0.327

; 95% CI: -0.608, 0.044;

P
=
0.025

) and more WASO (

adjusted

β
=
0.330

; 95% CI: 0.038, 0.520;

P
=
0.028

) in adults with narcolepsy. Conclusions. There is a high prevalence of PLMS in narcolepsy, especially in children and adolescent patients. PLMS is associated with nighttime sleep disturbance in adults with narcolepsy but is not a risk factor for daytime sleepiness both in children/adolescents and adults with narcolepsy.
Racial and Ethnic Variation in Diagnostic Mammography Performance among Women Reporting a Breast Lump
Authors: Nyante Sarah J. , Abraham Linn , Aiello Bowles Erin J. , Lee Christoph I. , Kerlikowske Karla , Miglioretti Diana L. , Sprague Brian L. , Henderson Louise M. ,   for the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
We evaluated diagnostic mammography among women with a breast lump to determine whether performance varied across racial and ethnic groups.

Methods:
This study included 51,014 diagnostic mammograms performed between 2005 and 2018 in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium among Asian/Pacific Islander (12%), Black (7%), Hispanic/Latina (6%), and White (75%) women reporting a lump. Breast cancers occurring within 1 year were ascertained from cancer registry linkages. Multivariable regression was used to adjust performance statistic comparisons for breast cancer risk factors, mammogram modality, demographics, additional imaging, and imaging facility.

Results:
Cancer detection rates were highest among Asian/Pacific Islander [per 1,000 exams, 84.2 (95% confidence interval (CI): 72.0–98.2)] and Black women [81.4 (95% CI: 69.4–95.2)] and lowest among Hispanic/Latina women [42.9 (95% CI: 34.2–53.6)]. Positive predictive values (PPV) were higher among Black [37.0% (95% CI: 31.2–43.3)] and White [37.0% (95% CI: 30.0–44.6)] women and lowest among Hispanic/Latina women [22.0% (95% CI: 17.2–27.7)]. False-positive results were most common among Asian/Pacific Islander women [per 1,000 exams, 183.9 (95% CI: 126.7–259.2)] and lowest among White women [112.4 (95% CI: 86.1–145.5)]. After adjustment, false-positive and cancer detection rates remained higher for Asian/Pacific Islander and Black women (vs. Hispanic/Latina and White). Adjusted PPV was highest among Asian/Pacific Islander women.

Conclusions:
Among women with a lump, Asian/Pacific Islander and Black women were more likely to have cancer detected and more likely to receive a false-positive result compared with White and Hispanic/Latina women.

Impact:
Strategies for optimizing diagnostic mammography among women with a lump may vary by racial/ethnic group, but additional factors that influence performance differences need to be identified.
See related In the Spotlight, p. 1479
MACSum: Controllable Summarization with Mixed Attributes
Authors: Zhang Yusen , Liu Yang , Yang Ziyi , Fang Yuwei , Chen Yulong , Radev Dragomir , Zhu Chenguang , Zeng Michael , Zhang Rui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractControllable summarization allows users to generate customized summaries with specified attributes. However, due to the lack of designated annotations of controlled summaries, existing work has to craft pseudo datasets by adapting generic summarization benchmarks. Furthermore, most research focuses on controlling single attributes individually (e.g., a short summary or a highly abstractive summary) rather than controlling a mix of attributes together (e.g., a short and highly abstractive summary). In this paper, we propose MACSum, the first human-annotated summarization dataset for controlling mixed attributes. It contains source texts from two domains, news articles and dialogues, with human-annotated summaries controlled by five designed attributes (Length, Extractiveness, Specificity, Topic, and Speaker). We propose two simple and effective parameter-efficient approaches for the new task of mixed controllable summarization based on hard prompt tuning and soft prefix tuning. Results and analysis demonstrate that hard prompt models yield the best performance on most metrics and human evaluations. However, mixed-attribute control is still challenging for summarization tasks. Our dataset and code are available at https://github.com/psunlpgroup/MACSum.
Efficient Methods for Natural Language Processing: A Survey
Authors: Treviso Marcos , Lee Ji-Ung , Ji Tianchu , Aken Betty van , Cao Qingqing , Ciosici Manuel R. , Hassid Michael , Heafield Kenneth , Hooker Sara , Raffel Colin , Martins Pedro H. , Martins André F. T. , Forde Jessica Zosa , Milder Peter , Simpson Edwin , Slonim Noam , Dodge Jesse , Strubell Emma , Balasubramanian Niranjan , Derczynski Leon , Gurevych Iryna , Schwartz Roy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent work in natural language processing (NLP) has yielded appealing results from scaling model parameters and training data; however, using only scale to improve performance means that resource consumption also grows. Such resources include data, time, storage, or energy, all of which are naturally limited and unevenly distributed. This motivates research into efficient methods that require fewer resources to achieve similar results. This survey synthesizes and relates current methods and findings in efficient NLP. We aim to provide both guidance for conducting NLP under limited resources, and point towards promising research directions for developing more efficient methods.
Where Does Caste Fit in A Global History of Racial Capitalism?
Authors: Chhabria Sheetal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper asks whether and how caste fits into a global history of racial capitalism. The mischaracterisation of caste as custom has long misled analysts and thwarted solidarities. Drawing on the insights of two important bodies of literature, this paper seeks to remedy that misdiagnosis and show that (1) caste abolition must be central to any effective anti-capitalist politics in South Asia, and (2) a focus on ‘local’ systems of racialisation like caste is necessary in any history of global racial capitalism. The two bodies of literature I engage with to achieve these aims are: scholarship on racial capitalism and scholarship on the Indian transition to capitalism. The result is an expanding of the geography of racial capitalism and the centring of caste-based unfreedoms as central to the history of capitalism in the Indian subcontinent.
Impact of post-dispatch advice on bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong
Authors: Wong Irene Nga King , Choi Yu Fai , Lam Rex Pui Kin , Siu Axel Yuet Chung 
Published: July 2023

Background: In Hong Kong, the post-dispatch advice on cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been implemented since October 2018. Our study aimed to (1) evaluate the impact of post-dispatch advice on the bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival and (2) characterise the reasons for not providing dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which have important implications in public cardiopulmonary resuscitation education. Method: We retrospectively analysed the records of 749 adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between 1 September 2021 and 31 October 2021. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. The secondary outcomes included return of spontaneous circulation and survival to hospital admission. Results: The overall dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate was 49.6%. Patients who received dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation had a higher proportion of witnessed cardiac arrest (37.7% vs 24.7%, p < 0.001) and a shorter time interval from recognition of cardiac arrest to chest compression (median 3.0 min vs 13.0 min, p < 0.001) compared with patients without dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 16.8% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims had return of spontaneous circulation before or upon arrival at the hospital. Patients who received dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation had a higher return of spontaneous circulation (18.3% vs 15.4%), survival to hospital admission (15.9% vs 13.3%) and survival to hospital discharge (2.7% vs 1.3%) rates compared with those who did not. However, the differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Post-dispatch advice improved the overall bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and shortened the time from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest recognition to chest compression, but the improvement in survival did not reach statistical significance. Further public education on cardiac arrest recognition and dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation is necessary.
Integrative modeling of lncRNA-chromatin interaction maps reveals diverse mechanisms of nuclear retention
Authors: Tabe-Bordbar Shayan , Sinha Saurabh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany long non-coding RNAs, known to be involved in transcriptional regulation, are enriched in the nucleus and interact with chromatin. However, their mechanisms of chromatin interaction and the served cellular functions are poorly understood. We sought to characterize the mechanisms of lncRNA nuclear retention by systematically mapping the sequence and chromatin features that distinguish lncRNA-interacting genomic segments.ResultsWe found DNA 5-mer frequencies to be predictive of chromatin interactions for all lncRNAs, suggesting sequence-specificity as a global theme in the interactome. Sequence features representing protein-DNA and protein-RNA binding motifs revealed potential mechanisms for specific lncRNAs. Complementary to these global themes, transcription-related features and DNA-RNA triplex formation potential were noted to be highly predictive for two mutually exclusive sets of lncRNAs. DNA methylation was also noted to be a significant predictor, but only when combined with other epigenomic features.ConclusionsTaken together, our statistical findings suggest that a group of lncRNAs interacts with transcriptionally inactive chromatin through triplex formation, whereas another group interacts with transcriptionally active regions and is involved in DNA Damage Response (DDR) through formation of R-loops. Curiously, we observed a strong pattern of enrichment of 5-mers in four potentially interacting entities: lncRNA-bound DNA tiles, lncRNAs, miRNA seed sequences, and repeat elements. This finding points to a broad sequence-based network of interactions that may underlie regulation of fundamental cellular functions. Overall, this study reveals diverse sequence and chromatin features related to lncRNA-chromatin interactions, suggesting potential mechanisms of nuclear retention and regulatory function.