bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors that impact the patellofemoral contact stress in the TKA: a review
Authors: Yu Zhenguo , Cai Hong , Liu Zhongjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAbnormal retro patellar stress is believed to contribute to patellofemoral complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but the causal link between TKA and patellofemoral contact stress remains unclear. By reviewing the relevant studies, we found that both TKA implantation and additional patellar resurfacing increase retro patellar pressure. The rotation and size of the femoral component, thickness and position of the patellar component, installation of the tibial component, prosthesis design and soft tissue balance further influence patellofemoral stress. Specific measures can be applied to reduce stress, including the installation of the femoral prosthesis with an appropriate external rotation angle, placing the tibial component at a more posterior position and the patellar button at a more medial position, avoiding over-sized femoral and patellar components, selecting posterior-stabilized design rather than cruciate-retaining design, using gender-specific prosthesis or mobile-bearing TKA system, and releasing the lateral retinaculum or performing partial lateral facetectomy. Despite these measures, the principle of individualization should be followed to optimize the patellofemoral biomechanics.
Performance of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) score in comparison to other non-invasive markers in the staging of liver fibrosis in chronic HCV patients
Authors: Hashem Mohamed B. , Alem Shereen Abdel , Elsharkawy Aisha , Fouad Rabab , Esmat Gamal , Abdellatif Zeinab 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The prognostic ability of albumin-bilirubin score (ALBI) to assess the hepatic dysfunction in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was previously studied. Its role in the staging of liver fibrosis post chronic hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection needs to be investigated.

Aim
to assess the diagnostic value of the ALBI score compared to other non-invasive fibrosis scores in chronic HCV patients.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included consecutive chronic HCV patients from January 2015 till December 2018. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE) is currently one of the most validated noninvasive methods for liver fibrosis staging and is used in daily practice as a reference for fibrosis assessment. ALBI grade as well as Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), Aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), LOK index and Göteborg University Cirrhosis (GUCI) scores were calculated for all of the patients.

Results
A total of 781 chronic HCV patients were included. Around 54% of them had compensated cirrhosis. GUCI score was the most sensitive one to difference between early fibrosis stages, F0 vs. F1. LOK index and ALBI score did not differ significantly between F1 and F2 stages unlike the other study markers. ROC curves revealed good diagnostic capability of FIB-4 (AUROC: 0.85, 0.84), APRI (AUROC: 0.83, 0.83) and GUCI score (AUROC: 0.83, 0.83) for detecting advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, respectively. ALBI score had a moderate diagnostic role for diagnosing advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, AUROC of 0.73 and 0.74 respectively. At a cutoff value of -2.95, the sensitivity of ALBI score approached 79%, the specificity was 53% for advanced fibrosis.

Conclusion
ALBI score has a moderate diagnostic power score in the diagnosis of HCV-associated advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis; however, FIB-4, APRI and GUCI scores outperformed the ALBI score.
Application of fuzzy group decision-making selecting green supplier: a case study of the manufacture of natural laurel soap
Authors: Al Mohamed Alaa Alden , Al Mohamed Sobhi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe selection of suppliers alone is one of the most important competitive challenges facing organizations today. With today's increasing awareness and facing many significant environmental pressures, the process of selecting the right suppliers for green supply chain management is even more difficult for decision-makers. The process of developing and implementing decision-making tools seek to face these challenges is rapidly evolving, especially in a fuzzy environment whose data are incomplete. The purpose of this article is to investigate prospective green chain suppliers for a laurel soap producing company based on a framework using MCDA fuzzy technologies such as Fuzzy GRA, Fuzzy TOPSIS, and Fuzzy VIKOR. During this paper, a discussion of fuzzy set was discussed with Fuzzy MCDM. Within a realistic case study, where a comparison was made between the tools, and it was noted that the results were consistent between the two tools Fuzzy TOPSIS and Fuzzy GRA, and the arrival of similar results and a slight difference with results was observed in Fuzzy VIKOR interpreted. The most detailed analyses were conducted on distance measurements, linguistic variables, assembly functions, and confusion processing. This study introduces the Fuzzy MCDM method to help researchers choose a more effective approach for green supplier selection and the conclusions and other study directions are offered toward the conclusion of the paper.
Moderating effect of vertical integration on the relationship between sustainability and performance: evidence from oil and gas energy sector
Authors: Ali Muhammad Kashif , Zahoor Muhammad Khurram , Saeed Asif , Nosheen Safia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research study aims to examine the impact of sustainability on firm performance and analyze how vertical integration moderates the connection between performance and sustainability in the oil and gas sector. We analyzed a sample dataset of oil and gas companies from the top ten oil-producing countries spanned over ten years (2011–2020). The pool-fixed regression technique confirms that sustainability and its three components, i.e., social, environmental, and governance, are negatively related to performance. However, vertical integration moderated the connection between sustainability and performance in the case of the oil and gas sector. We have identified firm size, age, and return share price positively related to firm performance in the oil and gas industry. At the same time, the debt ratio negatively impacts the firm’s performance. The findings are significant for the management of oil and gas firms and the policymakers and regulatory authorities of oil-producing and exporting countries.
Comparative energy and exergy analysis of a CPV/T system based on linear Fresnel reflectors
Authors: Calik Keziban , Firat Coskun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An energy generation system that is highly appealing is the integration of a photovoltaic system with linear Fresnel reflectors, especially when combined with a cooling thermal system. This research study involves a comparative analysis of energy and exergy of a CPV/T system that uses traditional linear Fresnel reflectors. The calculations indicate that, given the prevailing weather conditions and an average instantaneous solar radiation of 559 W/m2 at the location, the system can generate an average of 271.23 kWh of electricity and 613.63 kWh of thermal energy per month by utilizing highly efficient, long-lasting, and cost-effective monocrystalline solar cells in the considered the CPV/T system. The overall efficiency of the system is determined to be 54.1 %. According to exergy analysis, the setup experiences some loss of exergy in both its thermal and electrical components. The overall exergy efficiency is calculated as 54.96 %. Thus, on average, the system experiences an exergy loss of 1.01 kWh per day due to thermal factors and 1.70 kWh due to electrical factors. Although the system appears to be more efficient in exergy than energy, the exergy values highlight the need to reduce energy and exergy losses in order to improve the overall system performance.
Single and multi-objective dynamic optimization study of an industrial scale fed batch reactor
Authors: Patidar Bhowmick , Padhiyar Nitin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The present work focuses on obtaining optimal operational policies of an industrial scale penicillin fed-batch fermentation process using dynamic optimization (DO). The three process objectives considered in this work include, maximization of total penicillin formed (J
1), minimization of total biomass formed (J
2), and minimization of fed-batch operation time (J
3). The control variables for the optimization study include, the feed flowrates of sugar, soyabean oil, and phenylacetic. We perform a single-objective optimization study with J
1 as the objective function and showcased the importance of DO. Consequently, we solve three multi-objective optimization (MOO) problems corresponding to all the pairwise combinations of the aforementioned three objectives. Outcomes of MOO problems are presented in terms of several non-dominated Pareto-optimal solutions. Furthermore, descriptive analysis of three representative Pareto points for all the MOO problems is presented, which highlights the importance of MOO study of the penicillin bio-reactor.
On the Waring-Goldbach problem for two squares and four cubes
Authors: Zhang Min , Bai Hongxin , Li Jinjiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Let

N

N

be a sufficiently large integer. In this article, it is proved that, with at most

O

(

N

1

12

+
ε

)

O\left({N}^{\tfrac{1}{12}+\varepsilon })

exceptions, all even positive integers up to

N

N

can be represented in the form

p

1

2

+

p

2

2

+

p

3

3

+

p

4

3

+

p

5

3

+

p

6

3

{p}_{1}^{2}+{p}_{2}^{2}+{p}_{3}^{3}+{p}_{4}^{3}+{p}_{5}^{3}+{p}_{6}^{3}

, where

p

1

,

p

2

,

p

3

,

p

4

,

p

5

{p}_{1},{p}_{2},{p}_{3},{p}_{4},{p}_{5}

, and

p

6

{p}_{6}

are prime variables. This result constitutes a large improvement upon the previous result of Liu [On a Waring-Goldbach problem involving squares and cubes, Math. Slovaca. 69 (2019), no. 6, 1249–1262].
Experimental design and data analysis and optimization of mechanical condition diagnosis for transformer sets
Authors: Chang Bingshuang , Xin Jian , Fu Miaomiao , Jagota Vishal , Soni Mukesh , Ray Samrat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The typical power transformer diagnosis approach is imprecise and unstable. A support vector machine classification algorithm is proposed, by designing an algorithm program that can improve the accuracy and speed of energy transformer diagnosis, the vibration signals of the surface twisting in different states are extracted by wavelet packet energy spectrum signal processing method, it is verified that the curve similarity between the vibration simulation model and the measured data is greater than 0.98, proving the simulation model’s validity. The calculation technique of online short circuit inductance is developed from the equivalent transformer model, and the variation error of simulation results is less than 0.05% when compared to the real transformer characteristics. The suggested state diagnostic technique successfully compensates for the drawbacks of the reactance method, which is incapable of detecting and judging the slightly loose or faulty winding. The method’s accuracy and superiority, as well as the practicability of the state diagnosis system, are demonstrated.
Significance of gyrotactic microorganisms on the MHD tangent hyperbolic nanofluid flow across an elastic slender surface: Numerical analysis
Authors: Alharbi Khalid Abdulkhaliq M. , Bilal Muhammad , Ali Aatif , Eldin Sayed M. , Alburaikan Alhanouf , Khalifa Hamiden Abd El-Wahed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the current study, we numerically analyze the significance of motile microbes on the magnetohydrodynamic steady convective streams of tangent hyperbolic (TH) nanofluid flow across an elastic nonlinearly stretching surface of an irregular thickness. The consequences of an external magnetic field, thermal radiation, and thermal conductivity are also examined on the TH nanofluid. The governing system of equations (nonlinear set of partial differential equations) is transfigured into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the similarity variable conversions. Furthermore, the reduced form of nonlinear ODEs is numerically computed through the parametric continuation method (PCM) using MATLAB software. The relative evaluation is carried out to authenticate the numerical outcomes. It has been observed that the energy field accelerates with the Rayleigh number, Weissenberg number, and Brownian motion. The mass propagation ratio improves with the effect of activation energy and decreases with the influence of chemical reactions. Furthermore, the motile microbes’ profile declined with the outcome of the Peclet and Lewis numbers. The skin friction increases up to 7.3% with various magnetic values ranging from 0.5 to 1.5. However, the energy transfer rate declines to 5.92%. The thermal radiation boosts the energy propagation rate and flow velocity by up to 11.23 and 8.17%, respectively.
Experimental study on recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete under repeated impact
Authors: Gao Yongtao , Wang Bin , Xu Qiang , Liu Changjiang , Hui David , Yuan Weiguang , Tang Haifeng , Zhao Jianjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Recycled steel fiber comes from the waste produced by machining. Adding recycled steel fiber into concrete can significantly enhance the toughness of concrete. In order to study the impact toughness of recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete, the drop weight repeated impact experiment method was used to study the performance of recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete under repeated impact load. Four kinds of recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete samples with different volume contents were designed and made, and the loading impact experiments under five working conditions were carried out. Taking the drop weight and drop height as changing parameters, the corresponding blow counts of the first crack and sample failure under the impact of the drop hammer are recorded, and the ductility coefficients of different samples are calculated. The results show that the impact resistance of the sample decreases significantly with the increase of the drop weight and drop height. With the increase of recycled steel fiber content, the impact toughness of the sample increases obviously. The impact toughness of recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete under standard loading conditions is the best.
Effect of rare earth Nd on the microstructural transformation and mechanical properties of 7xxx series aluminum alloys
Authors: Hao Jianpeng , Yan Liangming , Dai Yuxin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Zr aluminum alloys have shown promise as materials for drill pipes; however, their application temperature is limited to below 120°C. This study investigates the influence of incorporating the rare earth element Nd on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Zr alloys. The microstructural evolution during casting, homogenization, hot deformation, and heat treatment processes is characterized using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The composition of the rare earth phase is determined through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, first-principles calculations are employed to determine the formation enthalpy, cohesive energy, shear modulus, bulk modulus, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio of bulk Al8Cu4Nd. The effect of Nd addition on the mechanical properties of the alloy is investigated through hardness and tensile testing. The results indicate that the addition of Nd significantly refines the grain and dendrite sizes of the alloy and effectively suppresses recrystallization behavior during hot extrusion and solution treatment. TEM observations reveal the presence of micrometer-sized blocky Al8Cu4Nd phases and nanometer-sized Al3Nd phases. The Al3Nd phases are located near dislocations, hindering dislocation movement and thus enhancing the alloy’s mechanical properties. First-principles calculations demonstrate that the bulk Al8Cu4Nd phase exhibits superior structural stability, deformation resistance, and brittle characteristics, which negatively impact the ductility of the alloy. The alloy with Nd addition can maintain a high hardness value for an extended period at high temperature, and the tensile strength of the alloy with 0.26 wt% Nd addition reaches 396.2 MPa at 120°C. These results indicate that the rare earth element Nd can improve the high-temperature mechanical properties of the alloy.
Performance characteristics of flow in annular diffuser using CFD
Authors: Singh Hardial , Arora Bharat Bhushan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An annular diffuser is a critical component of the turbomachinery, and its prime function is to reduce the flow velocity. The current work is carried to study the effect of four different geometrical designs of an annular diffuser using the ANSYS Fluent. The numerical simulations were carried out to examine the effect of fully developed turbulent swirling and non-swirling flow. The flow behavior of the annular diffuser is analyzed at Reynolds number 2.5 × 105. The simulated results reveal pressure recovery improvement at the casing wall with adequate swirl intensity at the diffuser inlet. Swirl intensity suppresses the flow separation on the casing and moves the flow from the hub wall to the casing wall of the annulus region. The results also show that the Equal Hub and Diverging Casing (EHDC) annular diffuser in comparison to other diffusers has a higher static pressure recovery (C

p
= 0.76) and a lower total pressure loss coefficient of (C

L
= 0.12) at a 17° swirl angle.
Diagnosis of the rainfall-wheat yield relationship in the current and future climate change conditions in Eastern Algeria
Authors: Chourghal N. , Belguerri H. , Maamri K. , Bahlouli F. , Salamani A. , Benaini M. 
Published: August 2023

Future projections indicate that rain-fed agriculture in North Africa is among the most vulnerable in the world in the context of future climate change. This article aims to diagnose the relationship between rainfall and wheat yield in both current and future climatic situations in a semi arid agro-climatic conditions represented by the region of Bordj Bou Arreridj. For the current situation, we used 15 years (1995–2009) of recorded rainfall and durum wheat yield series. Future rainfall projections (2071–2100) were generated by the MED-CORDEX climate model version CCLM4-8-19 under RCP 6.0 scenario. Simulated data over the observed period and that of the future on the maximum evapotranspiration (ETM) of durum wheat and the water deficit (WD) accumulated over the cycle as well as future yields are obtained using a simple agro meteorological crop simulation model, previously validated. In both current and future situations, precipitations, ETM, WD and yields data are first analyzed, then yields are related by regression to three components of rainfall: annual rainfall, cumulative rainfall over the crop cycle (November–June) and cumulative rainfall during spring (March–May). In the observed climate, annual precipitation averages 382.3 ± 96.3 mm, cumulative rainfall over the crop cycle (November–June) averages 278.3 mm and cumulative rainfall during spring is 101.9 mm. These last decrease to 303.7 ± 99.4, 232.3 and 83.3 mm in the future situation. Observed yields (1995–2009) averages1.9 ± 0.64 q/ha in the observed situation and decrease to 15.5 ± 0.54 q/ha in future climate. ETM are low and WD values are high in the current climate, with a worsening of the situation in the future climate, particularly during spring. The correlation between yields and précitations is always positive in both weather conditions, but the best R2 are 0.65 and 0.82 and concern spring rains. In semi-arid regions, cumulative rainfall towards the end of the growing season is currently impacting the grain yield of durum wheat and will become more decisive in the context of future climate change.
Assessment of metal trace elements in the echinoderm Paracentrotus lividus from the North-Eastern coast of Algeria
Authors: Boudeffa K. , Fekrache F. , Bouhayene S. , Bouchareb N. , Zaoui L. , Benselhoub A. , Bellucci S. 
Published: August 2023

The echinoderm sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus Lamarck, 1816 (Echinodermata, Echinoidea) is a good species to be used in environmental and toxicology research, in particular as a heavy metal bio-indicator. Our study’s objective is to evaluate the amounts of Zn, Pb, Fe, and Cu in sea urchin specimens collected from the coast of Skikda (Northeast Algeria) in order to validate the fact that sea urchins are good indicators of metal pollution and can be used effectively for environmental biomonitoring. To realize our objectives, three sampling sites were chosen based on suspected forms and sources of contamination. The main physicochemical parameters of the seawater were measured to determine their quality. 15 specimens of urchins in each station were obtained from exposed rocky surfaces and transported to the laboratory. Before dissection, the biometric parameters and the total wet weight were determined. The soft organs (gut and gonads) of individuals were separated and utilized to evaluate the levels of heavy metals. The condition index and metal indices were also determined. Our study confirmed that P. lividus may be considered a valuable bioindicator of heavy metal contamination in marine ecosystems. The results show that the amounts of heavy metals differed significantly between stations. Samples taken from the Larbi Ben M’hidi station showed greater amounts of Pb, Zn, and Cu. These amounts are above the recommended limits for fish and aquatic animals. Also, the heavy metals found in sea urchins vary depending on the physicochemical parameters, trace metals in the seawater, and the individual biometric parameters. These higher concentrations of metals in seawater and in P. lividus individuals at the Larbi Ben M’hidi station are largely caused by the construction of a massive oil industry complex and terminal with several refineries and petrochemical units near this station, as well as by a considerable amount of domestic wastewater. Finally, to avoid this metallic pollution risk, it is necessary that permanent controls be imposed as soon as possible. Urban and industrial wastes must be treated before being released, in the hope of reducing future metal concentrations.