bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of the acoustic tomograph and digital image analysis in the qualitative assessment of harvested timber – case study
Authors: Gejdoš Miloš , Michajlová Katarína , Gretsch Dominik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Accurate qualitative evaluation of grown and harvested wood is a key issue from the point of view of its subsequent economic evaluation. With the current trend of global climate change and large volumes of wood damaged by harmful agents, automated methods of wood quality assessment are becoming more and more important. The work aimed to verify the applicability and significance of the results of using the acoustic tomograph for the qualitative assessment of selected tree species logs. Ten samples of log sections of non-coniferous and coniferous trees were evaluated, on which an image analysis of qualitative features was performed on a cross-section from their digital photograph and the image output of an acoustic tomograph software. The results were compared with each other and the accuracy of qualitative feature identification by acoustic tomograph was evaluated. At the same time, the results of the image analysis of the qualitative feature were compared with its assessment through STN EN 1309-3. It was shown that, when evaluated according to the Standard, qualitative features were overestimated by an average of 29.19% compared to the acoustic tomograph and by 28.22% compared to the digital photograph. The use of the acoustic tomograph confirmed a good level of accuracy in the identification of qualitative features even on logs of harvested wood, although it is primarily intended for the qualitative evaluation of standing trees.
Decision-making model for the specification of wood as an input for the production of wooden musical instruments
Authors: Čulík Martin , Giertliová Blanka , Aláč Patrik , Hajdúchová Iveta 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The main aim of the paper is to propose formalised decision-making model for the selection of suitable parts of raw wood for the production of musical instruments and to decrease uncertainty in the purchasing process. It deals with the problem which was never solved before. The paper presents the methodology of input evaluation, considering the principles of sustainable development. We present by means of a supplier selection example and criteria evaluation, that an outranking approach may be very well suited as a decision-making tool for initial purchasing decisions. We have identified this step from the scientific point of view and from the questionnaire sent to musical instrument producers. There were used the following methods: questionnaire, decision tree and statistical methods of questionnaire processing. Our proposed decision tool/methodology could help on both sides of supply chain – as on the side of raw wood supply as on the side of raw wood demand. Based on the results of scientific research we can say that all assessed hypotheses were confirmed and, in the following, it was designed decision-making model by the method of decision tree. We have developed a conceptual model of buyer’s decision-making uncertainty can be reduced by the buyer’s perceptions of supplier trust, supplier commitment, and supplier dependence. Based on data collected from a questionnaire, our study confirms the negative effect of buyers’ trust in the supplier on their uncertainty in purchase decisions. It helps to optimise the identification, specification and evaluation of key factors for a wood as an input into the production of musical instruments. From the economic point of view, our proposals could help to increase value added in the production of wooden musical instruments and at the same time it could decrease possible waste from the undesirable raw wood input.
On the Legal System of Tax Voluntary Disclosure Based on Tax Compliance
Authors: Hai Yan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To encourage taxpayers to voluntarily disclose their illegal tax acts such as tax evasion and evasion and perform their tax obligations, the tax authorities implement tax voluntary disclosure to encourage them. Tax voluntary disclosure not only increases fiscal revenue, improves the information management ability of tax authorities, but also improves the tax compliance of taxpayers. The United States, Germany, and Australia have all established tax voluntary disclosure systems, and have gained some experience. The Tax Collection and Management Law is being revised, and it is also intended to establish the rule of law for tax voluntary disclosure. Based on China’s tax practice and drawing on the advanced experience of other countries’ tax voluntary disclosure laws, this article attempts to provide suggestions for improving China’s relevant legal systems: (ⅰ) clarify the applicable situations of permanent and temporary tax voluntary disclosure; (ⅱ) Provisions on strengthening early communication between tax authorities and taxpayers; (ⅲ) Standardize the content of voluntary disclosure by taxpayers, including supplementing and correcting information that was not reported or not truthfully reported in previous years, and disclosing tax related information such as overseas financial accounts, assets, offshore structures, etc. as required; (ⅳ) Provide for voluntary disclosure of the legal consequences of tax violations, namely, making up the tax owed and paying the tax interest incurred due to delayed tax payment, but with administrative and criminal liability concessions; (ⅴ) Strengthen the construction of supporting systems, mainly including the protection of taxpayers’ tax related information and the strengthening of tax law enforcement.
Need for Implementation of Sex Education Curriculum in Primary Schools to Protect Children from Sexual Abuse in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Muhammad Imran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Sex education for children does not imply that children are responsible for their own safety, but rather that children should be provided with protective, effective, and interactive education that builds resilience and reduces their vulnerability to sexual harm. As a result, it is critical to provide a secure atmosphere for children at school, where they spend the majority of their time. Sex education curriculum for the prevention of child sexual abuse will seek to give children the knowledge and skills needed to recognize and prevent probable sexual abuse scenarios. The primary school sex education curriculum will be founded on the ideology of empowering children and the concept that care is an integral aspect of child care and protection. The Ministry of Education should determine the need for sex education in primary schools to prevent sexual abuse of children, support it, and include it in the curriculum. This curriculum’s purpose should be to build and maintain a proactive environment that protects children by preventing sexual abuse or assuring early detection, intervention, and reporting.
A Matlab-Based Approach for Estimating the Area Taken Up by Cells Attached to Micropatterned Optically Opaque Surfaces
Authors: Dekhtyar Yuri , Sorokins Hermanis , Teifurova Sabīne 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cell attachment is of paramount importance in implant design, bioreactor design, tissue engineering and the design of non-fouling surfaces. Surface roughness is a significant factor that affects cell attachment. To explore the impact of roughness characteristics, micromachining approaches can be used to fabricate surfaces with controlled microscale topography. When optical microscopy is employed to study cell attachment to optically opaque micropatterned surfaces, one needs to separate the area of an image coated with cells from the background. Manual cell counting can be used to assess the amount of attached cells. However, this process is very time consuming, when the studied surface is larger than several square millimeters. This paper describes an approach for the automatic estimation of the area of cells attached to the surfaces of micro-patterned optically opaque platforms. Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells were used to test the developed approach. The approach uses image registration and segmentation tools available in MathWorks MATLAB R2020b Image Processing Toolbox. The factors that affect the accuracy of the developed approach (magnification, contrast and focus) as well as the ways of improving the results are discussed.
Quantitative Assessment of Indispensable Amino Acids in the Flour Confectionery Food Products of Plant Origin — Tofu Cake and Tofu Muffin with Chickpea Flour
Authors: Jansone Liene , Kunkulberga Daiga 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The article provides a study of the quantitative composition of amino acids in some baked flour confectionery product of plant and animal origin. The objective of the study was to determine the profiles of indispensable amino acids in several products. Source materials with high content of protein, and which have been used for the production of these confectionery products were studied. A source of protein in final products that contain ingredients of animal origin is cottage cheese, the content of which in the products amounts to 25% and 50%. The sources of protein in products that contain ingredients of plant origin include tofu, soya protein isolate, chickpea flour, and coconut milk. The results showed evidence of the presence of a full profile of indispensable amino acids in all tested products. The source ingredients had high biological value with well-balanced content of indispensable amino acids. The only exception was coconut milk, which had the lowest calculated amino acid amounts among the tested raw materials. Tofu cake contained leucine with the highest concentration — 0.78 g/100 g of product, followed by lysine (0.5 g/100 g). Tofu muffin with chickpea flour contained 0.63 g/100 g leucine and 0.45 g/100 g lysine. The profiles of indispensable amino acids showed that these products can excellently help to supplement daily needs for indispensable amino acids.
Use of preoperative and perioperative ex vivo dermoscopy for precise mapping of margins for standard surgical excision of primary basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Savant Jr Sushil S 
Published: May 2023

Background
The utility of preoperative and perioperative dermoscopy in standard surgical excision for radical excision of primary basal cell carcinoma remain unexplored.

Aims
To evaluate the use of preoperative and perioperative dermoscopy for precise mapping of margins during standard surgical excision of primary basal cell carcinoma.

Methods
In this retrospective, observational study, 17 patients clinically diagnosed with various morphological subtypes of basal cell carcinoma were included. Data about previous history, clinical examination of lesions and regional lymph nodes and preoperative dermoscopy were retrieved. After standard surgical excision had been carried out as per mapping of lateral margins, all the excised surgical specimens were subjected to perioperative dermoscopy and later reconfirmed with histopathology.

Results
Seventeen patients with mean age of 60.82 ± 9.99 years and median disease duration of 14 months were analysed. Clinically, basal cell carcinomas were of pigmented superficial subtype [6 (35.3%)], followed by pigmented nodular [5 (29.4%)], nodulo-ulcerative [4 (23.5%)] and micro nodular [2 (11.8%)]. Mean extension of clinical margin after dermoscopy was 0.59 ± 0.52 mm. Mean pre-assessed depth of tumour and mean depth of tumour were 3.46 ± 0.89 mm and 3.49 ± 0.92 mm, respectively. No recurrence was reported. Frequently found pre-operative dermoscopic features were maple leaf like structures [6 (35%)], blue grey dots and globules [6 (35%)] and short fine telangiectasias [6 (35%)]. Commonly observed perioperative dermoscopic features were: (1) irregular band with brown–grey pigmentation of dots, globules, streaks and pseudopodia like extensions [3 (50%)]; (2) irregular band of pseudo granulomatous structureless vascular areas in psoriasiform pattern with diffuse white streaks in pseudopodia like manner [1 (50%)]; (3) irregular band of pseudo granulomatous structureless vascular areas in psoriasiform pattern with streaks of white pseudopodia like structureless areas [1 (50%)].

Limitation
This was a single-centre study with a small sample size.

Conclusion
This study highlights significance of preoperative and perioperative dermoscopy for precise planning and radical excision of primary basal cell carcinoma by standard surgical excision.
KAMUDA KURUMSALLAŞMA OLGUSUNUN KURUMSAL İTİBAR VE ETİK YÖNETİM İLKELERİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN ANALİZİ
Authors: BOYALI Handan , ATMACA Yıldız 
Published: May 2023

Kurumsallaşma, kurumun faaliyetlerinde yönetenlerin şahsi yöntemlerine bağlı olmadan varlığını sürdürme durumudur. Sürdürülebilir belli kural ve kaideler etrafında birleşerek bir yönetsel yapı oluşturmak kurumsallaşma olgusu ile doğrudan doğruya ilişkilidir. Ku-rumsallaşma olgusunu ayakta tutan bir takım ilkeler bütünü söz konusudur. Bu anlamda, kurumsal itibar ve etik yönetim ilkeleri, kurumsallaşmayı etkili ve verimli hale getiren en önemli ilkeler olarak kabul edilmektedir. Kurumsal itibar, kurumun hedef kitleler tarafın-dan nasıl göründüğünü belirten, kurumu ayakta tutan ve kurumun sürekliliğini sağlayan önemli bir olgudur. Bu ise hedef kitlenin ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesi ve memnuniyetlerinin sağlanması sonucunda kuruma dair algıların olumlu yönde ilerlemesiyle oluşmaktadır. Yine kurumsal performansın artırılması için etik değerlerin dikkate alınarak kararların alınması gereklidir. Kurumların kendi bünyelerinde oluşturdukları etik ilkelerin çalışanlar tarafından doğru bir şekilde algılanıp benimsenmesi ve uygulanması hem kurum içi hem de kurum dışı ilişkileri iyileştirecektir. Hakkaniyet, eşitlik, doğruluk, dürüstlük gibi etik il-keler doğrultusunda hareket eden, çalışanlarının ve diğer paydaşlarının sorunlarını bu ilkeler çerçevesinde çözmeye çalışan kurumlar, vatandaşlar üzerinde olumlu bir intiba oluşturacaktır. Bu olumlu intiba ise kamu kurumlarındaki hem kurumsal itibar hem de kurumsallaşma düzeyini arttıracaktır.
Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma ile kamu kurumlarının kurumsallaşma sürecinde kurumsal itibar ve etik yönetim ilkelerinin hangi ölçüde etkili olduğu analiz edilmek istenmiştir. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada kavramsal ve teorik açıklamalar yapılmış, sonrasında ise kurumsal itibar ve etik yönetim ilkelerinin bir kurumdaki kurumsallaşma düzeyini olumlu ölçüde etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
An Insight of Parasitic Weeds in Africa and Scientific Developments: A Review
Authors: Phiri Christopher Kalima , Kabambe Vernon H. , Bokosi James 
Published: May 2023

Parasitic weeds are a major threat to food security in Africa and control measures mostly done by smallholder farmers are not effective in eradicating the parasites. This results in a yield loss up to 100%. Parasitic weeds comprise Alectra vogelii, Striga spp., Orobanche spp., Rafflesia spp., and Phoradendron spp. Parasitic attachment is successful when three necessary conditions have been fulfilled namely the compatible host, suitable environment, and parasitic weed. These species parasite plant species through special attachment features such as modified leaves, suckers, haustoria, or modified roots. In Africa, the variability of parasitic weeds is largely driven by environmental factors such as temperature, rainfall, soil type, and crop husbandry practices. Warmer temperatures create more hospitable conditions for certain parasitic weeds, and allowing them to spread to new areas. Parasitic weed control is vital for effective crop production and the control strategies can be achieved through integrated weed control method that embraces mechanical, cultural, chemical, and biological methods. However, the most effective and crucial method is the cultivation of resistant varieties that provide long-term protection against parasitic weeds. Studies have been done on host-parasite attachment where dodder can send out new roots to infected neighbouring plants and spread their parasitic behaviour. More insight and knowledge should offer new goals for control within the life cycle of the parasitic weeds and their metabolic activities. Lastly, disciplines such as agronomy, plant breeding, nutrition, economics, and IT should play their roles effectively in combating parasitic weeds.
Computed tomography, functional and cognitive changes in the long-time period of surgery of cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Shetova I. M. , Grigorieva E. V. , Shtadler V. D. , Krylov V. V. 
Published: May 2023

Assessment of patients with intracranial aneurysms in the late postoperative period consists of both determining structural changes in computed tomography (CT) and the neurological and cognitive status of the patient. Meantime, the topic of the relationship between structural pathology in CT and cognitive impairment has not been suffi ciently disclosed.Objective: to determine CT, functional and cognitive outcomes in the long-term period of surgical treatment of cerebral aneurysms.Material and methods. The data of CT angiography of 49 patients operated on for intracranial aneurysms were analyzed. 39 patients were examined neurologically for 2.3 years using a range of rating scales.Results. The residual part of the aneurysm after surgery was found in 50% of patients with complex aneurysms, more often in patients with PMA-PSA aneurysms. The connection between the method of surgery and the preserved cervical part with structural changes in the brain and the development of cognitive impairment in the late postoperative period has not been proven.Conclusion. CT angiography preoperatively makes it possible to identify a group of complex aneurysms with a high risk of preservation of the cervical part and the development of brain structural changes. The predictors of the development of ischemic changes in the brain, hydrocephalus, and cognitive dysfunctions was the advanced age of patients, the duration of the operation, and a history of hypertension.
Diagnostic criteria for determining the type of the right-to-left shunt using contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler ultrasound in young patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack
Authors: Karshieva A. R. , Chechetkin A. O. , Belopasova A. V. , Dobrynina L. A. 
Published: May 2023

Objective. To determine specific diagnostic criteria for detecting the type of the right-to-left shunt by contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler ultrasound (cTCD) in young patients with paradoxical embolism and ischemic stroke/TIA.Material and methods. The study included 64 ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack patients (age 28–44 years) with patent foramen ovale (PFO), atrial septal defect (ASD) or pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). cTCD was used to assess the degree of shunting, its change during the Valsalva maneuver (VM), time to the fi rst microembolic signal (MES) detection, and the duration of MES registration.Results. According to cTCD data, 20% of patients with PFO had no shunt at rest, and 80% had a mild to moderate right-to-left shunt. After VM, a severe shunt was detected in 75% of patients in this group and a moderate shunt in 25%. All patients with ASD and PAVM had a marked shunt at rest. The difference in time to first MES detection from the start of contrast administration was not statistically significant for all groups. The duration of MES registration that indicated shunting was shorter in patients with PFO compared to those with ASD (p < 0.001) or with PAVM (p < 0.001) and it was significantly longer in patients with PAVM compared to those with ASD (p < 0.001).Conclusion. The key diagnostic criteria to defi ne the right-to-left shunt type are the functional shunt degree at rest and the duration of MES registration. Severe shunting at rest can suggest the presence of ASD or PAVM, while the duration of MES registration > 2 min suggests a PAVM.
Features of rehabilitation of patients with chronic vertebrogen dorsalgia in combination with metabolic disorders
Authors: Shatokhin A. A. , Vyshlova L. A. , Karpov S. M. , Kuzyuberdin A. V. 
Published: May 2023

Lower back pain is an urgent global problem. Often it is combined with metabolic disorders, which leads to mutual aggravation of both pathological conditions. The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of the complex therapy of patients with exacerbation of chronic vertebrogenic dorsalgia using various methods.Materials and methods. We examined 60 patients with concomitant metabolic disorders in the form of obesity.Results. The effectiveness of the use of non-drug methods, namely therapeutic exercises with elements of yoga practice and reflexology in the complex therapy of patients with chronic pain in the lower back in combination with metabolic disorders, has been proven.Conclusion. The use of these methods allows to achieve a positive effect, which manifests itself in reducing the intensity of the pain syndrome and improving the functionality of patients, as well as correction of concomitant metabolic disorders.
Pengaruh Metakognitif Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPS di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Negeri Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Fitroh Ismaul , Rosidi Moh. Imron 
Published: May 2023

This research aims to determine how much influence metacognitive has on student learning outcomes in junior high school social studies subjects in Banyuwangi Regency. This research uses a quantitative research method which includes observation, interviewing teachers and students, and distributing questionnaires to students. The results showed that a thitung of 24,042 was obtained. At degrees of freedom (df) = n – 2 = 90 – 2 = 88, then the ttabel values at the 95% confidence level are -1.987 and 1.987. Because thitung > ttabel , then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that at the 95% level of confidence, metacognitive variables have a significant effect on student learning outcomes.
Dynamics of electrophysiological indicators of HRV in cattle
Authors: Ippolitova T. , Naumov M. , Stepura E. , Naumov N. , Kuznetsov S. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: to establish electrophysiological parameters of the teeth of electrocardiograms and analyze them in animals with different vegetative status.Materials and methods. The removal of electrocardiograms from the Jersey breed cows was carried out according to the methodology of M.P. Roshchevsky, 3-3.5 hours before eating. The ECG received during the study was subjected to mathematical processing using the Conan -4.5 laboratory. The studied animals were kept on the livestock complex with a stall year -round animal content system.Results. In the cows of the Jersey breed, during the study, the numerical values of the -t, a tooth -p and a tooth -r teeth have received numerical values. Analysis of the variability of heart rhythm (VCR) is a widely used method in medical practice to evaluate autonomic regulation and heart condition. A mathematical analysis of heart rhythm rhythms for determining the state of the autonomic nervous system is important for the pathogenetic treatment of many diseases. During a mathematical analysis of electrocardiograms, the breeding features of the variability of the heart rhythm of the Jersey breed cows were established, taking into account the autonomic tone. In this regard, it is advisable to include the assessment of these parameters to include in the basic set of a complex of diagnosis of heart disease in cattle. The study of the cardiovascular system is of great importance in veterinary treatment and preventive work.