bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Barriers and Facilitators of Climate Action Planning in Local Governments: A two-round Survey of Expert Opinion
Authors: Dodd Steven , Butterfield Scott , Davies Jessica , Furbo Mette , Morris Abigail , Brown Heather 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Climate change is one of the greatest threats to public health in this century. The UK is one of six countries that has enshrined in law a commitment to become net zero by 2050. However, there is a lack of guidance and structure for local government in the UK, which have responsibility for public health, to reach this goal and help their communities mitigate and adapt to the health and health inequality impacts of climate change. The aim of this study is to identify common barriers and facilitators related to the health and health inequality impacts of climate change for local governments.Methods We developed using Normalisation Process Theory a two-round survey for people working in local authorities to identify the barriers and facilitators to including the health and health inequality impact of climate change in their climate action plans. The survey was delivered online via Qualtrics software. In the first-round respondents were able to express their views on barriers and facilitators and in the second round they ranked common themes identified from the first round. Two hundred and fifty people working in local government were invited to take part and n = 28 (11.2%) completed the first round of the survey and n = 14 completed the second round. Thematic analysis was used in Round 1 to identify common themes and weighted rankings were used to assess key barriers and facilitators in Round 2.Results Key facilitators were need to save money on energy, successful partnership working already in place including across local government, with local communities and external stakeholders. Key barriers were insufficient staff, resources and lack of support from management/leaders, and lack of local evidence.Conclusion To mitigate and adapt to the health impacts of climate change, local government must nurture a culture of innovation, collaboration to ensure that different departments work together This means not just working with external partners, but also collaborating and co-producing with communities to achieve health equity and mitigate the debilitating effect of climate change on public health.
Evaluation of nitric acid donor, transdermal glycerol trinitrate patches for facilitating cervical ripening: a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sanjoy Kumar , Mandal Prithwikar , Dutta Sanjib , Sarkar Deepnarayan , Bagchi Rumina , Halder Alapan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transdermal Glycerol trinitrate skin patches as an additive and effective agent for facilitating cervical ripeningMethods This was a double blinded prospective randomized clinical trial carried out in a major obstetric unit in India. Women planned for induction of labour was randomly allocated for induction of labour either by combined application of Glycerol trinitrate skin patches [GTN patch] and intracervical Dinoprostone gel or by the gel only. Sample randomization was done by using stratified block randomization technique with sealed envelope. The numbers designating the group allocation sequence were concealed from the doctors, research staff, and investigators. Six hourly improvements of the modified Bishop’s score, induction-delivery time interval, need of oxytocin, fetal outcomes and-maternal side-effects were assessed. Data were analysed by using SPSS software.Results and discussion Recruitment Bishop score, parity and gestational age were matched in both case and control group. The modified Bishop's score was statistically improved in study groups as evidenced compositely as well as irrespective of parity. There appeared no significant differences in between the two groups regarding other outcomes. Additional application of GTN patch seems helpful to accelerate the progress in Bishops score but does not affect the other labour outcomes. GTN patch does not impose any additional feto-maternal adverse effects.
Usefulness of plasma and apolipoprotein B-depleted serum samples in paraoxonase 1 assessment
Authors: Kawaguchi Rina , Kemeda Takahiro , Yoshimoto Akira , Ohkawa Ryunosuke 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme is closely associated with the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherosclerotic functions of HDL. Although many clinical studies have evaluated the relationship between PON1 activity and various diseases, there are inconsistencies in sample preparation methods and substrate selection for PON1 analysis. Moreover, the association of PON1 function with each PON1 activity type based on various substrates is unclear. In this study, we investigated differences between three PON1 activity types according to sample preparation procedures.
Methods
Samples were prepared from serum, plasma with or without calcium addition, HDL isolated by ultracentrifugation, and apolipoprotein B-depleted serum (BDS). Using these various sample types, PON1 protein concentration and activities using three substrate types (p-nitrophenyl acetate, paraoxon, and γ-thiobutyrolactone) were evaluated. PON1 distributions in HDL subfractions from serum and BDS samples were also investigated.
Results
PON1 activities in plasma were recovered by immediate calcium addition similar to those in serum, suggesting that plasma could be used for assessing PON1 instead of serum in which PON1 can be transported to apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins by oxidation. In contrast, HDL isolated from plasma had significantly lower PON1 protein concentrations. PON1 activities, protein concentration, and distributions in BDS sample showed similar to those in serum samples than those in HDL sample.
Conclusions
This study revealed the advantages of using plasma with calcium addition and BDS as specimens that better reflect the in vivo environment for PON1 assessment. Focusing on each of three PON1 activity types might further enhance the clinical significance of PON1 testing.
Impact of COVID-19 on Black Carbon and Carbon monoxide levels and its health risk assessment over East India
Authors: Sankar Tapan Kumar , Kumar Amit , Ambade Balram , Mahato Dilip Kumar , Hussain Ali Jaan , Sethi Shrikanta Shankar , Mohammad Faruq , Soleiman Ahmed A , Gautam Sneha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The present research aims to describe the measurement of the changes in air pollutants like black carbon (BC), PM2.5 and CO concentrations levels, and estimation of their source apportionment and health risk during normal period (NP) as well as lockdown period (LP) in Jamshedpur city. In India, almost all anthropogenic activities are prohibited after announcement of lockdown on 25th March 2020 due to pandemic of COVID-19. The urban atmospheric pollutants mostly BC, PM2.5 and CO concentrations were observed gradual fall during LP. The averaged mass concentration of BC, PM2.5 and CO was found about 38.46 ± 1.91 µgm− 3, 176.55 ± 21.72 µgm− 3, 840 ± 282 ppbv in NP and 9.68 ± 2.36 µgm− 3, 42.86 ± 18.97 µgm− 3, 175.88 ± 121.82 ppbv during LP respectively. It was observed that during LP, the BC, PM2.5 and CO concentrations were too much low as compared to NP. This may be because of prohibited of all human activities due to COVID-19 pandemic. The source apportionment analysis of BC indicated that the biomass burning (62.5%) contribution was high as compared to fossil fuel emission (37.5%) at LP. The air trajectory model showed that most of the air masses were coming from western part of India and also some fresh marine air masses were received at the located position. The health risk for respective health effects of CVM, LC, LBW, and PLEDSC due to exposure to BC was evaluated as 9.76, 4.8, 8.59 and 19.59 PSC in NP and 8.35, 4.1, 7.35 and 16.77 PSC in LP.
Diagnostic performance of face masks for collection and detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kim Hwang-soo , Lee Hansol , Kang Seonghui , Kim Woo Joo , Shin Sehyun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Generally, face mask have been used to protect the wearer from the outside harmful air environment and prevent any virus from being released to neighbors from potentially infected exhaled breath. The antiviral effectiveness of masks has not only been researched scientifically, but has also become a global issue due to society's obligation to wear masks. In this paper, we report the results of a study on the collection and detection of viruses contained in exhaled breath using face masks. The inner electrostatic filter was carefully selected for virus collection because it does not come in direct contact with either human skin or the external environment. In the study of a healthy control group, it was confirmed that a large amount of DNA and biomolecules such as exosomes were collected from the mask exposed to exhalation, and the amount of collection increased in proportion to the wearing time. For SARS-CoV-2 patients confirmed through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test using nasopharyngeal swabs, these mask tests with PCR and rolling circle amplification indicated the same positive results. The results suggest that this is a non-invasive, quick and easy method of collecting samples from subjects using a mask, which can significantly reduce the hassle of waiting at airports or public places and concerns about cross-contamination. Furthermore, we expect miniaturized technologies to integrate PCR detection into masks in the near future.
Mediating role of atherogenic lipoproteins in the relationship between liver fat and coronary artery calcification
Authors: Björnson Elias , Samaras Dimitrios , Adiels Martin , Kullberg Joel , Bäckhed Fredrik , Bergström Göran , Gummesson Anders 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased secretion of apoB-containing lipoproteinsand increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). ApoB-containing lipoproteins include low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs); and since both LDLs and TRLs are causally related to CHD, they may mediate a portion of the increased risk of atherosclerosis seen in people with NAFLD.
Methods: In a cohort of 4161 middle aged men and women, we performed mediation analysis in order to quantify the mediating effect of apoB-containing lipoproteins in the relationship between liver fat and atherosclerosis - as measured by coronary artery calcium score (CACS).
Results: We found plasma apoB to mediate 17.6 % (95 % CI: 11-24) of the association between liver fat and CACS. Plasma triglycerides and TRL-cholesterol (both proximate measures of TRL particles) mediated 22.3 % (95 % CI: 11-34) and 21.6 % (95 % CI: 10-33) of the association respectively; whereas LDL-cholesterol mediated 5.4 % (95 % CI: 2.0-9.4). In multivariable models, the mediating effect of TRL-cholesterol and plasma triglycerides showed, again, a higher degree of mediation than LDL-cholesterol, corroborating the results seen in the univariable models.
Conclusions: We find around 20 % of the association between liver fat and CACS to be mediated by apoB-containing lipoproteins. In addition, we find that TRLs mediate the majority of this effect whereas LDLs mediate a smaller effect. These results explain part of the observed CAD-risk burden for people with NAFLD and further suggest that TRL-lowering may be particularly beneficial to mitigate NAFLD-associated coronary artery disease risk.
Development of Species-Specific ISSR-Derived SCAR Marker for Early Discrimination Between Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum cassia
Authors: Gangwar Himanshi , Gahlaut Vijay , Chauhan Ramesh , Singh Satbeer , Jaiswal Vandana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Cinnamomum verum (true cinnamon) and Cinnamomum cassia (cassia cinnamon) are two important species belonging to family Lauraceae. These species are recognized by morphological, chemical composition and essential oil contents. The appropriate identification of species would be considerably improved by a genetic method. The main objective of the present study was to develop molecular markers distinguishing between C. verum and C. cassia.
Methods and results A total 71 ISSR (Inter simple sequence repeat) and four universal barcoding (ITS, rbcL, matK, and psbA-trnH)genes were used to distinguish both the species. No sequence variation was observed between the two species for any DNA barcode gene. However, one ISSR i.e. ISSR-37 showed a clear distinction between the species and produced 570 bp and 746 bp amplicons in C. verum and C. cassia, respectively. The polymorphic bands were converted into species specific SCAR markers. The SCAR-CV was specific to C. verum and amplified 190 bp band, however there was no amplification seen in the C. cassia samples.
Conclusion The SCAR primers generated in this study can be employed as efficient, economical, and reliable molecular markers for the identification of C. verum.
Diagnostic value of Kaiser score combined with breast vascular assessment from breast MRI for the characterization of breast lesions
Authors: Zhou Xin-zhu , Liu Lian-hua , He Shuang , Yao Hui-fang , Chen Li-ping , Deng Chen , Li Shuang-Ling , Zhang Xiao-yong , Lai Hua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives. Kaiser scoring system for breast magnetic resonance imaging (bMRI) is a clinical decision-making tool in diagnosing breast lesions. However, the Kaiser score (KS) did not include the evaluation of breast vascularity. Therefore, this study aimed to using of KS combined with breast vascular assessment，defined as KS*, and investigate the effectiveness of KS* in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions.
Methods. This retrospective study included 223 patients with suspicious breast lesions and pathologically verified results. The histopathological diagnostic criteria were according to the fifth edition of WHO classification of breast tumors. The KS* was obtained after joint evaluation combing the original KS and breast vasculature assessment. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for comparing differences in the diagnostic performance between KS* and KS, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) was compared.
Results. There were 119 (53.4%) benign and 104 (46.6%) malignant lesions in total. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of increased ipsilateral breast vascularity were 69.2%, 76.5%, and 73.1%, respectively. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of AVS were 82.7%, 76.5%, and 79.4%, respectively. For all lesions included, the AUC of KS* was greater than that of KS (0.877 vs. 0.858, P=0.016). ﻿The largest difference between AUC was observed in the non-mass subgroup (0.793 vs. 0.725, P=0.029).
Conclusions. Ipsilateral increased breast vascularity and positive AVS sign were significantly associated with malignancy. KS combined with breast vascular assessment can effectively improve the diagnostic ability of KS for breast lesions, especially for non-mass lesions.
PSMD4 drives progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via Akt/COX2 pathway and p53 inhibition
Authors: Zhang Jiamin , Fang Shu , Rong Fanghao , Jia Miaomiao , Wang Yunpeng , Cui Huixian , Hao Peipei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway is crucial for cellular regulation, including control of the cell cycle, differentiation, and apoptosis. Proteasome 26S Subunit Ubiquitin Receptor, Non-ATPase 4, (PSMD4) is a member of the ubiquitin proteasome family that is upregulated in multiple solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the existence of PSMD4 is associated with unfavorable prognosis. In this study, transcriptome sequencing of HCC tissues and non-tumor hepatic tissues from the public database Cancer Genome Atlas (TGCA) revealed a high expression of PSMD4. Additionally, PSMD4 loss in HCC cells suppressed the tumor development in mouse xenograft model. PSMD4, which is maintained by inflammatory factors secreted from tumor matrix cells, positively mediates cell growth and is associated with Akt/GSK-3β/ cyclooxygenase2 (COX2) pathway activation, inhibition of p53 promoter activity, and increased p53 degradation. However, the domain without the C-terminus (VWA + UIM1/2) sustained the activation of p53 transcription. Thus, our findings suggest that PSMD4 is involved in HCC tumor growth through COX2 expression and p53 downregulation. Therapeutic strategies targeting PSMD4 and its downstream effectors could be used for the treatment of PSMD4 abundant HCC patients.
The development of laying hen locomotion in 3D space is affected by early environmental complexity and genetic strain
Authors: Rentsch Ana K. , Ross Erin , Harlander Alexandra , Niel Lee , Siegford Janice , Widowski Tina M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Adult laying hens are increasingly housed in spatially complex systems, e.g., non-cage aviaries, where locomotion between elevated structures can be challenging for these gallinaceous birds. This study assessed the effect of early environmental complexity on spatial skills in two genetic strains. Brown (B) and white (W) feathered birds were raised in: Conventional cages with minimal complexity (Con) or rearing aviaries with low (Low), intermediate (Mid), or high complexity (High). Birds from each housing treatment were challenged at three different time points in three different, age-appropriate vertical spatial tasks. Whites performed better than brown birds in all tests regardless of rearing environment. In chicks, test performance was predominantly explained by variation between replicates and differences in motivation for test participation. Treatment effects were seen in pubertal birds (pullets), with pullets from aviaries performing better than those from Conv. White High pullets performed better than white Mid or Low, an effect that was not found in browns. Pullets preferred to use a ramp to move downwards, but only when ramps had previously been experienced and when the ramp was not too steep. Overall, early environmental complexity affected spatial skills of laying hen pullets with stronger effects in white than brown feathered birds.
Technological Innovation in the Recognition Process of Yaozhou Kiln Ware Patterns Based on Image Classification
Authors: Liu Qian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Chinese traditional culture embodies the wisdom and strength of the people of all ethnic groups in China. The superb and exquisite workmanship of Yaozhou kiln ceramics, as well as the decorative patterns on the surface of porcelain and the rich categories of porcelain, fully reflect the great charm of Chinese traditional culture, which also has high historical research value, artistic appreciation value, and collection value. In the process of making Yaozhou Kiln ceramics, craftsmen selected raw materials according to local characteristics, and studied the rich and varied patterns of porcelain in terms of porcelain molding methods, decoration techniques and baking temperatures. In the process of the development of computer vision technology, image classification is the main content to improve the level of technology development, and it is also related to the efficiency of pattern recognition. Yaozhou's porcelain design method not only endows porcelain with material value, but also expresses people's spiritual sustenance by using the patterns on the porcelain surface. Decorations can not only become an important element of porcelain decoration, but also link national culture together and promote cultural transmission. The main principle of image classification is to automatically classify an image according to the visual characteristics, so that the image has a unique classification mark, which is convenient for the system to recognize. This paper uses image classification technology to extract and analyze the characteristics of Yaozhou kiln ceramics, mainly from the shape of porcelain, the type of ornamentation and inscriptions of its three features for image recognition and classification, and discusses the use of advanced technology to replace traditional experts to identify porcelain ornamentation.
Digital transformation Value Creating of manufacturing enterprises based on the Internet of Things and data encryption technology
Authors: Liu Yijie , Pan Feng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article starts from studying the privacy technology of the Internet of Things, focusing on the basic hierarchical model of the Internet of Things and the models used to review, process and store private data, the unique privacy protection methods and the new functions of the Internet of Things.Based on a detailed discussion of the enterprise digital rating system, this article chooses a maturity perspective to create the enterprise digital maturity concept and analysis framework. Through field research and interviews, we have developed a digital maturity model by improving and reviewing digital maturity indicators based on the principle of indicator selection. On the basis of combing the theoretical points of digital transformation in developed and domestic countries, this research discusses the tasks and requirements of the development of contemporary Chinese large-scale manufacturing enterprises based on the national conditions.It is based on the classic theories of value chains and industrial value chains, to systematically summarize and analyze the transformation paths and goals of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.Through the research of the Internet of Things and data encryption technology, this article applies it to the digital transformation path of manufacturing enterprises, thereby promoting the rapid development of manufacturing.
Molecular Characterization and Expression of Lactoferrin Receptor (LfR) in Different Regions of the Brain Responding to Lactoferrin Intervention: a Mechanism for Neurodevelopment and Cognition in Piglets
Authors: Wang Siqi , Zhang Nai , Jiang Bowen , Lönnerdal Bo , Chen Yue , Wang Bing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Lactoferrin (LF) promotes neurodevelopment and cognition, but whether it acts through the LF receptor (LfR) and its expression profile in the brain remains unknown. We characterized 972 bp of piglet brain LfR cDNA and found LfR mRNA was expressed all brain regions being highest in the frontal lobe, followed by parietal lobe, brainstem, occipital lobe, cingulate gyrus, subventricular zone, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum and thalamus. LfR mRNA and protein in different regions of the brain responded to low (155) and high (285 mg/kg/day) LF supplementation of piglets from postnatal day 3 to 38. Low LF diet significantly increased LfR protein expression in the occipital lobe compared to controls, but not the high LF diet. LfR protein in the subventricular zone of the high LF group was 42% and 38% higher than that of the low LF group and controls, respectively. There was a trend for a dose-response relationship between LF intervention and LfR protein expression in the prefrontal and parietal lobes. LF supplementation significantly improved piglet working memory for a difficult task, which was correlated with brain LfR protein, but no dose-response. Brain LfR responds to dietary LF supplementation, a mechanism by which LF can promote learning and working memory through its receptor. LfR is expressed in the whole brain, and its expression level is anatomic region specific.