bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An active learning machine technique based prediction of cardiovascular heart disease from UCI-repository database
Authors: Srinivasan Saravanan , Gunasekaran Subathra , Mathivanan Sandeep Kumar , M. B Benjula Anbu Malar , Jayagopal Prabhu , Dalu Gemmachis Teshite 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeart disease is a significant global cause of mortality, and predicting it through clinical data analysis poses challenges. Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a valuable tool for diagnosing and predicting heart disease by analyzing healthcare data. Previous studies have extensively employed ML techniques in medical research for heart disease prediction. In this study, eight ML classifiers were utilized to identify crucial features that enhance the accuracy of heart disease prediction. Various combinations of features and well-known classification algorithms were employed to develop the prediction model. Neural network models, such as Naïve Bayes and Radial Basis Functions, were implemented, achieving accuracies of 94.78% and 90.78% respectively in heart disease prediction. Among the state-of-the-art methods for cardiovascular problem prediction, Learning Vector Quantization exhibited the highest accuracy rate of 98.7%. The motivation behind predicting Cardiovascular Heart Disease lies in its potential to save lives, improves health outcomes, and allocates healthcare resources efficiently. The key contributions encompass early intervention, personalized medicine, technological advancements, the impact on public health, and ongoing research, all of which collectively work toward reducing the burden of CHD on both individual patients and society as a whole.
Development of a thoron calibration chamber based on computational fluid dynamics simulation and validation with measurements
Authors: Adelikhah Mohammademad , Imani Morteza , Kovács Tibor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, interest in measuring the concentration of 220Rn in air has increased greatly following the development of standards and the calibration of monitoring instruments. In this study, a 220Rn calibration chamber was designed and developed at the Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology (RRI) based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method implemented in ANSYS Fluent 2020 R1 code at the University of Pannonia in Hungary. The behavior of 220Rn and its spatial distribution inside the 220Rn calibration chamber at RRI were investigated at different flow rates. The 220Rn concentration was close to homogeneous under higher flow regimes due to thorough mixing of the gas inside the chamber. Predictions based on CFD simulations were compared with experimentally measured transmission factors (Cout/Cin). The spatial distribution of 220Rn was dependent on the flow rate and the positions of the inlet and outlet. Our results clearly demonstrate the suitability of the 220Rn calibration chamber at RRI for calibrating monitoring instruments. Furthermore, the CFD-based predictions were in good agreement with the results obtained at higher flow rates using experimental and analytical models according to the relative deviation, with a maximum of approximately 9%.
Correlations between histopathologic findings, serum biomarker levels, and clinical outcomes in Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN)
Authors: Chuenwipasakul Donlaporn , Washrawirul Chanudda , Panpruk Rawiphan , Wititsuwannakul Jade , Charoenchaipiyakul Kridipop , Buranapraditkun Supranee , Puangsricharern Vilavun , Klaewsongkram Jettanong , Rerknimitr Pawinee 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe dermatological emergencies. The role of cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis, progression of the disease, and histopathologic features is not fully elucidated. To address this gap, we conducted a retrospective study examining the associations between 42 serum biomarkers, histopathologic findings, and clinical outcomes in SJS/TEN patients. We reviewed the medical records of 23 patients diagnosed with SJS/TEN. Regarding histopathology, our study did not reveal any significant associations between the degree of epidermal necrosis, dermal mononuclear cell infiltration, and clinical outcomes. However, an intriguing observation was made regarding the degree of dermal infiltration of CD8 + cells, which showed a negative correlation with the severity of acute ocular complications. Notably, serum levels of IFN-γ positively correlated with the number of CD8 + cells in dermal infiltration. Additionally, higher serum levels of myeloperoxidase were associated with greater degrees of epidermal necrosis, while serum Fas ligand and stem cell factor levels were elevated in individuals with increased dermal mononuclear cell infiltration. Furthermore, the levels of S100A8/A9 were significantly correlated with the SCORTEN and mortality rate. These findings provide insights into the intricate pathogenesis of the disease.
Synergetic-PI controller based on genetic algorithm for DPC-PWM strategy of a multi-rotor wind power system
Authors: Benbouhenni Habib , Gasmi Hamza , Colak Ilhami , Bizon Nicu , Thounthong Phatiphat 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work designs a powerful new nonlinear control technique using synergetic control (SC), proportional-integral (PI) controller, and genetic algorithm (GA) for multi-rotor wind energy (MRWE) conversion systems, whereby an asynchronous generator (AG) is used to achieve optimal energy extraction. The direct power control (DPC) technique is used based on the proposed SC-PI-GA (SPI-GA) technique to control the AG-based MRWE system, where this new nonlinear control technique is used to achieve stable control characteristics under random changes in wind speed and to provide great robustness against modeling uncertainties. Moreover, the pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is used to control the AG inverter due to its simplicity and ease of implementation. In this proposed DPC-SPI-GA technique, we need to measure current and voltage to estimate the active power and the reactive power. Also, inner loops are not used in this proposed DPC-SPI-GA technique as is the case in the field-oriented control (FOC) technique, where the proposed system in this work is characterized by an integrated structure. Three different tests are proposed to study and verify the behavior of the designed DPC-SPI-GA strategy compared to the traditional DPC technique.
Identification of diagnostic biomarkers via weighted correlation network analysis in colorectal cancer using a system biology approach
Authors: Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Safarzadeh Arash , Taheri Mohammad , Jamali Elena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer to be diagnosed in both females and males necessitating identification of effective biomarkers. An in-silico system biology approach called weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) can be used to examine gene expression in a complicated network of regulatory genes. In the current study, the co-expression network of DEGs connected to CRC and their target genes was built using the WGCNA algorithm. GO and KEGG pathway analysis were carried out to learn more about the biological role of the DEmRNAs. These findings revealed that the genes were mostly enriched in the biological processes that were involved in the regulation of hormone levels, extracellular matrix organization, and extracellular structure organization. The intersection of genes between hub genes and DEmRNAs showed that DKC1, PA2G4, LYAR and NOLC1 were the clinically final hub genes of CRC.
Identification and validation of tumor microenvironment-related signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Chunhong , Yuan Yixiao , Jiang Xiulin , Wang Qiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMounting evidence has found that tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the tumor progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the roles of tumor microenvironment-related genes in immunotherapy and clinical outcomes remain unclear. In this study, 6 TME-related genes (PLK1, LDHA, FURIN, FSCN1, RAB27B, and MS4A1) were identified to construct the prognostic model. The established risk scores were able to predict outcomes at 1, 3, and 5 years with greater accuracy than previously known models. Moreover, the risk score was closely associated with immune cell infiltration and the immunoregulatory genes including T cell exhaustion markers. In conclusion, the TME risk score can function as an independent prognostic biomarker and a predictor for evaluating immunotherapy response in LUAD patients, which provides recommendations for improving patients’ response to immunotherapy and promoting personalized tumor immunotherapy in the future.
Measuring sustainable urban development in residential areas of the 20 biggest Finnish cities
Authors: Ala-Mantila Sanna , Kurvinen Antti , Karhula Aleksi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs a result of the ongoing urbanization megatrend, cities have an increasingly critical role in the search for sustainability. To create sustainable strategies for cities and to follow up if they induce desired effects proper metrics on the inter and intra-urban development is needed. In this paper, we analyze the sustainability development in the 20 largest cities in Finland through a residential area classification framework. The results based on high-quality register data show concerning trends in some sustainability measures, and divergent trends between cities and residential areas within. Overall, while densities have increased modestly, we see no clear signs of decreasing car ownership rates. Further, also manifestations of social sustainability seem to be insufficient in many locations–especially in residential mid-rise areas from the '60s and '70s, and '80s and '90s.
Dose-related relationship between ergothioneine concentrations and risk of preeclampsia
Authors: Ho Kwok M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The study by Kenny et al. is of considerable importance. They concluded that there was a weak association between the ergothioneine levels and maternal age, and if a threshold was set at the 90th percentile of the reference range in the control population (≥462 ng/ml), only one of these 97 women (1%) developed preeclampsia, versus 96/397 (24.2%) whose ergothioneine level was below this threshold. These results suggest that there might be a dichotomized association between ergothioneine concentrations and preeclampsia; and only a high ergothioneine level over 90th percentile of the control population could be protective against preeclampsia. With the kind supply of the dataset from the authors, further analysis using univariable as well as multivariable analyses were performed while allowing for non-linearity between ergothioneine concentrations and risk of preeclampsia using a 3-knot restricted cubic spline function. The univariable results showed that ergothioneine had a significant non-linear association with preeclampsia and it would start to offer protective effect from 300 ng/ml onward. The results were similar to the multivariable analysis. In addition, the analysis also confirmed that body mass index was significantly associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia.
Coordinated optimization model for solar PV systems integrated into DC distribution networks
Authors: Achiluzzi Eleonora , Venkatesh Bala 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSolar photovoltaic (PV) systems will drive deep electrification of energy systems leading to clean energy 2050. However, connecting large amounts of solar PV systems on direct current (DC) networks, like solar farms and potential future DC distribution systems, would lead to over voltages and loss of solar PV power output due to voltage issues. Further, current PV integration within distribution networks operate exclusively to maximize output using maximum power point tracking algorithms, without network coordination, which may lead to reduced solar output due to voltage issues. Here, a coordinated optimization model for solar PV systems and distribution network voltage regulators is presented. The proposed model optimally controls the settings of voltage controllers (DC‐DC converters), placed at the outputs of solar PV units and selected distribution lines, while maximizing solar power output and minimizing substation power (i.e. system losses). The solar PV systems are modelled using a trained neural network. Testing various systems against uncoordinated situations revealed that the proposed model yielded an increase in solar power of up to 60.06%, in the 28‐bus case. The proposed method will be an excellent tool enabling deep electrification using solar PV system and it overcomes limitations of uncoordinated systems used in practice today.
Perfusion Techniques of Profound Hypothermia and Circulatory Arrest for Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy
Authors: Winkler Mary H. , Rohrer Charlene H. , Ratty Susan C. , Jamieson Stuart , Dembitsky Walter , Moser Kenneth , Auger William 
Published: August 2023

One hundred ninety-five patients with the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension have been operated on utilizing a standardized protocol involving profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest. A small subgroup, nine, were identified preoperatively as having heparinassociated thrombocytopenia (HAT). This challenging subgroup of patients was treated during heparin exposure with an investigational, “platelet disaggregating” agent, Iloprost.
The surgical procedure of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy requires multiple periods of circulatory arrest under profound hypothermia. Perfusion management of this procedure involves cerebral and myocardial protection, cooling, reperfusion at hypothermia, and rewarming; treatment with Iloprost when appropriate; and methods of hemodilution.
In Vitro Comparison Tests of Three LV Vent Valves
Authors: Lewis Gregory S. , Czaplicka Chet 
Published: August 2023

Many surgical teams employ a sump pump to vent the left ventricle (LV). The problems associated with this technique are related to safety and convenience. If the flow is accidentally reversed in the LV vent line, air embolism accidents and subsequent litigation may be the result. If the cannula is occluded, it is inconvenient to juggle pump speed to prevent the line from collapsing while maintaining gentle but adequate suction.
In this study we in vitro tested three commercially available LV vent valves (RLV-2100 "B," VRV-200 B, H-130) (GLV did not wish to send samples for comparison at the time of this study). Each valve was designed to:

Regulate suction in the LV vent line;

Prevent the flow of air towards the heart; and

Vent downstream pressure to the atmosphere.

Each valve was tested for suction at various flow rates, pressure heads, and for the presence of air leakage during reversed flow conditions.
The results of pressure and suction tests during normal flow and occluded line conditions have been tabulated. We found the RLV-2100 "B" offers the safest combination of suction control and pressure relief. The most astonishing fact learned was the RLV-2100 "B" was the only valve which prevented the flow of air towards the heart during reversed flow. As a result, we elected to use only this valve in our clinical practice.
Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Sequestration Why, When, How?
Authors: Page Paul A. 
Published: August 2023

Reduction in the amount of blood products transfused during and following any surgery is vitally important because of the risk of blood-transmitted diseases and the increasing costs associated with any transfusion. During the 1970s, a technique of sequestering (drawing off and storing) a patient's blood in the operating room evolved in cardiac surgery. This procedure involved the removal of one or two units of whole blood into anticoagulated storage bags prior to going on cardiopulmonary bypass. This autologous blood was stored in the operating room at room temperature until the patient was brought off cardiopulmonary bypass and stabilized. The blood was then reinfused into the patient. It was theorized that the blood withdrawn contained fresh platelets, red cells, and coagulation factors required to help restore hemostasis rapidly. Furthermore, oxygen carrying capacity following the operation was improved, thereby reducing the need for homologous blood product transfusions following the operation.
An entirely new approach to reduction in the use of blood products involves the preoperative collection of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and the subsequent reinfusion of the PRP containing fresh, undamaged platelets and clotting factors following the operation.
This paper will document why the technique of utilizing Platelet Rich Plasma Sequestration is beneficial for the patient, when and where platelet rich plasma sequestration can be performed and, how the PRP procedure is technically performed.
The Effect of Hyperoxia During Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Blood Cell Rheology and Postoperative Morbidity Associated with Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Belboul A. , Al-khaja N. , Ericson C. , Lofgren C. , Thornbolm C. , Kurdi S. , Roberts D. , William-Oisson G. 
Published: August 2023

In a prospective randomized open study, 48 patients underwent coronary bypass operation using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), with the same type of membrane oxygenator. Twenty-fout,IJatients were oxygenated during CPB by high PO2 level between 190 and 300 mmHg (H-POz) and in the remaining patients the PO2 was maintained low between 75 and 112 mmHg (L-PO2.) The groups were comparable regarding age, sex, perfusion time, aortic occlusion time and preoperative blood cell rheological status.
The effect of possible oxygen toxicity was assessed by monitoring blood cell rheology and analyzing the postoperative complications. Blood cell rheology was studied using standard microfiltration methods and samples were taken regularly during CPB.
There was a significant reduction in blood cell rheology in both groups during CPB in a time-dependent manner. The L-PO2 group had significantly better rheology than the H-PO2 group, which was first noted at 60 min for red cells (p<0.01).
Following operation, the time spent on the respirator was significantly lower in the L-PO2 compared to the H-PO2 (5.3 h ± 1.8 h vs. 7.2 h ± 2.5 h, p<0.0l).
There was significantly more bleeding in the H-PO2 group (p<0.05) and the use of blood products was significantly raised (p<0.0l). The total number of complications requiring treatment (arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular accidents and respiratory insufficiency) showed a significantly higher frequency in the H-PO2 (16/24 vs. 6 /24; p<0.01) compared to the L-PO2• There were three cases of mild renalfailure in the HPO2 group which was managed with conservative treatment. A significantly higher liver enzymes (p<0.01) and creatinine levels (p<0.05) were seen in the H-PO2 group.
This study suggests that the use of high PO2 levels during CPB might lead to increased morbidity postoperatively and should be avoided.
A Technique To Give Clinical Relevance to Parameters from the Thromobelastograph
Authors: Riley Jeffrey B. , Stammers Alfred H. 
Published: August 2023

The thromobelastograph (TEG) is a photokymographic device to measure the dynamics of clot formation in vitro. The TEG graphic parameters offer clinical information regarding clotting factor function.
Graphic values from 88 open heart and liver transplantation patient TEGs were correlated to bleeding time, PT, aPTT, FIB, PLT, ACT, TT, ionized Ca++ and D-Dimer (DD) concentration. Linear and multiple regression demonstrated significant (r > .40 or r < -.4, p < .10) relationships between the following parameters.
A Basic algorithm was created to employ TEG parameters to predict the clotting function study parameter values. The TEG blood study is much less expensive than a clotting function screen, may be used to predict some of the routine clotting function study values, and whole blood coagulation information is available patient-side in 20 to thirty minutes.
Is Blood Conservation Optimally Utilized?
Authors: DeBois William J. , Gold Jeffrey P. , Wayne Isom O. 
Published: August 2023

Blood conservation and the subsequent prevention of transfusion have assumed an increasingly important role in cardiac surgery. The concern is one of preventing transmission of transfusion related diseases and of conserving an extremely valuable resource (1,2). Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass has become the most common operation performed, thus attracting much analysis of transfusion practices. It is estimated that of the approximately 250,000 cardiopulmonary bypass procedures done in the United States each year, the majority require transfusion of blood products (3). It has been calculated that the cardiac surgery services throughout the United States use somewhat over 10% of all the blood product resources that are transfused in this country (4,5). Many methods of blood conservation have been described (Table 1), but there still exists a wide variance in blood product utilization for adult patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass procedures. A review of the literature reveals average packed red blood cell transfusion rates from 0.3 up to 8 units per patient (4,6-8). If we further add the transfusion of platelets, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate, the total donor exposure to the patient goes up substantially more. A varied patient population has been cited as the reason for these discrepancies but it has been demonstrated in similarly matched groups of patients receiving transfusions, that the patterns were based to some extent upon "prevailing practice" rather than on need (9,10).
The purpose of this study was to identify which methods of blood conservation were being practiced in a major metropolitan area within the United States where the risk of transfusion related disease is relatively high. Secondly, to stratify the frequency of use of particular blood conservation methods in order to estimate how often a particular method was utilized and by what percentage of respondents. Finally, to increase the awareness of the options and difficulties associated with current modalities of transfusion practice and blood conservation.