bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic dissection in oilseed rape provides insights into the genetic architecture and molecular mechanism of yield heterosis
Authors: Ye Jiang , Liang Huabing , Zhao Xueyang , Li Na , Song Dongji , Zhan Jiepeng , Liu Jing , Wang Xinfa , Tu Jinxing , Varshney Rajeev Kumar , Shi Jiaqin , Wang Hanzhong 
Published: May 2023

SummaryHeterosis refers to the better performance of cross progeny compared with inbred parents, and its utilization contributes greatly to agricultural production. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain heterosis mainly including dominance, over‐dominance (or pseudo‐overdominance) and epistasis. However, systematic dissection and verification of these hypotheses are rarely documented. Here, comparison of heterosis level across different traits showed that the strong heterosis of composite traits (such as yield) could be attributed to the multiplicative effects of moderate heterosis of component traits, whether at the genome or locus level. Yield heterosis was regulated by a complex trait‐QTL network that was characterized by obvious centre‐periphery structure, hub QTL, complex up/downstream and positive/negative feedback relationships. More importantly, we showed that better‐parent heterosis on yield could be produced in a cross of two near‐isogenic lines by the pyramiding and complementation of two major heterotic QTL showing partial‐dominance on yield components. The causal gene (BnaA9.CYP78A9) of QC14 was identified, and its heterotic effect results from the heterozygous status of a CACTA‐like transposable element in its upstream regulatory region, which led to partial dominance at expression and auxin levels, thus resulting in non‐additive expression of downstream responsive genes involved in cell cycle and proliferation, eventually leading to the heterosis of cell number. Taken together, the results at the phenotypic, genetic and molecular levels were highly consistent, which demonstrated that the pyramiding effect of heterotic QTL and the multiplicative effect of individual component traits could well explain substantial parts of yield heterosis in oilseed rape. These results provide in‐depth insights into the genetic architecture and molecular mechanism of yield heterosis.
A meta‐analysis reveals differential sensitivity of cold stress responses in the maize leaf
Authors: Lainé Cindy M. S. , AbdElgawad Hamada , Beemster Gerrit T. S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaize (Zea mays), a cold‐sensitive crop, requires cold tolerance for extending the length of the growing season in temperate climates. However, response curves to different cold temperatures and exposure durations are lacking. We used a meta‐analysis approach using data from literature to investigate the effect of cold stress in the maize leaf. We constructed response curves to temperature and exposure durations for 18 key parameters related to leaf growth, photosynthesis, oxidative stress, antioxidants, and the phytohormone ABA. To determine their relevance for cold tolerance, we compared cold tolerant Flint and cold sensitive Dent lines. Treatment temperatures ranged from −20°C to 20°C for cold and from 12°C to 30°C for control and exposure duration from 3 min to 60 days. We found interacting effects of temperature and exposure durations on different response parameters. The strongest difference between Flint and Dent was observed for electrolyte leakage (EL). Our results show that the commonly used 4°C for cold and 25°C for control with medium cold exposure (1−7 days) induces a 50% decrease in shoot dry weight and leaf area and that EL is an easy and reliable indicator for cold tolerance studies.
Deficits in doors P300 amplitude during adolescence associated with preschool‐onset depression
Authors: Santopetro Nicholas J. , Barch Deanna , Luby Joan L. , Hennefield Laura , Gilbert Kirsten E. , Whalen Diana J. , Hajcak Greg 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe psychophysiological underpinnings of preschool‐onset depression (PO‐MDD) remain underexplored. Moreover, there is currently a limited understanding of the potential impact that PO‐MDD might have on neurobiological functions later in development such as general cognitive domains and reward processing. Thus, the current study sought to examine potential neurophysiological differences, measured via electroencephalography (EEG), in adolescents with and without a history of PO‐MDD. Participants and their caregivers (N = 138) from a large longitudinal study completed semi‐structured clinical interviews at a baseline visit (ages 3–7) to determine PO‐MDD status. At a follow‐up visit approximately 11 years later, adolescents (ages 13–19) completed the doors gambling task while EEG was recorded to measure event‐related potentials (ERPs) elicited by both the doors and feedback stimuli, to index cognitive and reward processing functions (i.e., doors‐P300, gain/loss feedback‐P300, and RewP). Adolescents with a history of PO‐MDD exhibited significantly smaller doors‐P300 compared with adolescents with no history of PO‐MDD, whereas there were no group differences in gain/loss feedback‐P300 or RewP. Additionally, reduced doors‐P300 was independently associated with lower baseline income‐to‐needs ratio, older age, and female gender. The current study suggests that reduced doors‐P300 amplitude during adolescence might reflect impaired neurophysiological development related to PO‐MDD. Thus, the P300 derived from the doors stimuli might be a valuable neural measure to further our understanding of potential neurophysiological differences associated with early‐onset childhood depression.
APECED and the place of AIRE in the puzzle of the immune network associated with autoimmunity
Authors: Aytekin Elif Soyak , Cagdas Deniz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the last 20 years, discoveries about the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) protein and its critical role in immune tolerance have provided fundamental insights into understanding the molecular basis of autoimmunity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effect of AIRE on immunological tolerance and the characteristics of autoimmune diseases inAutoimmune Polyendocrinopathy‐Candidiasis‐Ectodermal Dystrophy(APECED), which is caused by biallelic AIRE mutations. A better understanding of the immunological mechanisms of AIRE deficiency may enlighten immune tolerance mechanisms and new diagnostic and treatment strategies for autoimmune diseases. Considering that not all clinical features of APECED are present in a given follow‐up period, the diagnosis is not easy in a patient at the first visit. Longer follow‐up and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for diagnosis. It is challenging to prevent endocrine and other organ damage compared with other diseases associated with multiple autoimmunities, such as FOXP3, LRBA, and CTLA4 deficiencies. Unfortunately, no curative therapy like haematopoietic stem cell transplantation or specific immunomodulation is present that is successful in the treatment.
Hostile interpretation as a transdiagnostic factor for cooccurring anxiety in boys with aggressive behavior problems
Authors: Alsem Sophie C. , Dijk Anouk van , Verhulp Esmée E. , De Castro Bram O. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany children with aggressive behavior problems also suffer from anxiety. This cooccurrence may perhaps be explained by transdiagnostic factors. Identifying these factors seems crucial, as they may be important targets to treat these cooccurring problems effectively. This two‐study paper investigates whether hostile interpretation of others’ intentions is a transdiagnostic factor for cooccurring aggression and anxiety problems, examining two samples of boys in middle childhood. We assessed boys’ aggression and anxiety using teacher‐report in Study 1 (N = 84, Mage = 10.10), and parent‐report in Study 2 (N = 115, Mage = 10.55). In both studies, we assessed hostile interpretation using vignettes describing ambiguous provocations by peers. Both studies revealed a strong association between aggression and anxiety problems, underscoring the necessity to examine factors that can explain this cooccurrence. However, in neither study was this association reduced when we added hostile interpretation to the model, suggesting that hostile interpretation did not function as a transdiagnostic factor in our samples. One possible explanation for these findings is that hostile interpretation predicts both aggression and anxiety problems, but in different children. We, therefore, encourage scholars to conduct more research to explain the high comorbidity of aggression and anxiety problems in children. Future research should also examine hostile interpretation as predictor or transdiagnostic factor for aggression and anxiety problems in more diverse population, including girls and other age groups.
Age‐dependent changes in epidermal architecture explored using an automated image analysis algorithm on in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy images
Authors: Lboukili Imane , Stamatas Georgios N. , Descombes Xavier 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundReflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) allows for real‐time in vivo visualization of the epidermis at the cellular level noninvasively. Parameters relating to tissue architecture can be extracted from RCM images, however, analysis of such images requires manual identification of cells to derive these parameters, which can be time‐consuming and subject to human error, highlighting the need for an automated cell identification method.MethodsFirst, the region‐of‐interest (ROI) containing cells needs to be identified, followed by the identification of individual cells within the ROI. To perform this task, we use successive applications of Sato and Gabor filters. The final step is post‐processing improvement of cell detection and removal of size outliers. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on manually annotated real data. It is then applied to 5345 images to study the evolution of epidermal architecture in children and adults. The images were acquired on the volar forearm of healthy children (3 months to 10 years) and women (25–80 years), and on the volar forearm and cheek of women (40–80 years). Following the identification of cell locations, parameters such as cell area, cell perimeter, and cell density are calculated, as well as the probability distribution of the number of nearest neighbors per cell. The thicknesses of the Stratum Corneum and supra‐papillary epidermis are also calculated using a hybrid deep‐learning method.ResultsEpidermal keratinocytes are significantly larger (area and perimeter) in the granular layer than in the spinous layer and they get progressively larger with a child's age. Skin continues to mature dynamically during adulthood, as keratinocyte size continues to increase with age on both the cheeks and volar forearm, but the topology and cell aspect ratio remain unchanged across different epidermal layers, body sites, and age. Stratum Corneum and supra‐papillary epidermis thicknesses increase with age, at a faster rate in children than in adults.ConclusionsThe proposed methodology can be applied to large datasets to automate image analysis and the calculation of parameters relevant to skin physiology. These data validate the dynamic nature of skin maturation during childhood and skin aging in adulthood.
Designing a sequence of activities to build reasoning about data and visualization
Authors: Rao V. N. V. , Legacy Chelsey , Zieffler Andrew , delMas Robert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOur complex world requires multivariate reasoning to make sense of reality. Within this paper, we offer a sequence of activities designed to develop multivariate reasoning by explicitly connecting data and visualization. The activities were designed based on a hypothetical learning trajectory we conjectured for students with limited experience with multivariate visualizations. Drawing from evidence collected using these activities in a series of professional development sessions with in‐service teachers, we find that the activities functioned as intended, and thus we promote these activities for developing students' multivariate reasoning at the secondary and post‐secondary level. We detail specific challenges the teachers faced, and based on these results, offer our reflections and recommendations for curricula and teaching.
Decolonisation initiatives at the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium: ready for change?
Authors: Affun-Adegbulu Clara , Cosaert Theo , Meudec Marie , Michielsen Joris , Van de Pas Remco , Van Belle Sara , Put Willem Van De , Soors Werner , Robertson Fiona , Ddungu Charles 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn a global context, the pernicious effects of colonialism and coloniality are increasingly being recognised in many sectors. As a result, calls to reverse colonial aphasia and amnesia, and decolonise, are getting stronger. This raises a number of questions, particularly for entities that acted as agents of (previous) colonising countries and worked to further the progress of the colonial project: What does decolonisation mean for such historically colonial entities? How can they confront their (forgotten) arsonist past while addressing their current role in maintaining coloniality, at home and abroad? Given the embeddedness of many such entities in current global (power) structures of coloniality, do these entities really want change, and if so, how can such entities redefine their future to ensure that they are and remain ‘decolonised’? We attempt to answer these questions, by reflecting on our efforts to think through and start the process of decolonisation at the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM) in Antwerp, Belgium. The overarching aim is to contribute to closing the gap in the literature when it comes to documenting practical efforts at decolonisation, particularly in contexts similar to ITM and to share our experience and engage with others who are undertaking or planning to undertake similar initiatives.
Incidence of colonic fistulas in patients with colon cancer submitted to robotic surgery versus laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Villarim Pedro Vilar Oliveira , Marinho Vitória Ribeiro Dantas , Abreu Clarissa Amaral , Moura Anaís Concepción Marinho Andrade , Silva Thais Cristina Loyola , Alves Higor Paiva Mendonça , Rêgo Amália Cínthia Meneses , Medeiros Kleyton Santos , Araújo-Filho Irami 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionUp to the present time, the laparoscopic approach for colon cancer is considered the gold standard. However, robotic surgery has been appraised in modern medicine. It is essential to evaluate the differences between laparoscopic and robotic surgery, owing to the significant impact they cause in postoperative morbidity and mortality. This article aims to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to compare robotic versus laparoscopic colectomies in patients with colon cancer in terms of the incidence of colonic fistulas.Methods and analysisPubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, LILACS and Clinical trials databases will be searched for randomised clinical trials investigating the incidence of colonic fistulas in patients with colonic cancer, submitted to robotic surgery compared with a laparoscopic approach. No language or publication period restrictions will be imposed. The primary outcome will be the incidence of colonic fistulas in patients with colon cancer in different surgical approaches. The secondary outcomes will be the incidence of infection, sepsis, mortality, length of hospitalisation and malnutrition. Three independent reviewers will select the studies and extract data from the original publications. The risk of bias will be assessed using The Risk of Bias 2 tool, and the evidence’s certainty will be made using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Data synthesis will be performed using the Review Manager software (RevMan V.5.2.3). To assess heterogeneity. We will compute the I2statistics. In addition, a quantitative synthesis will be performed if the included studies are sufficiently homogeneous.Ethics and disseminationThis study will review the published data; thus, it is not necessary to obtain ethical approval. The findings of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021295313.
Assessing the efficacy of a job rotation for improving occupational physical and psychosocial work environment, musculoskeletal health, social equality, production quality and resilience at a commercial laundromat: protocol for a longitudinal case study
Authors: Jackson Jennie A. , Sund Marianne , Barlari Lobos Griztko , Melin Lars , Mathiassen Svend Erik 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionJob rotation is a work organisation strategy used to reduce work-related exposures and musculoskeletal complaints, yet evidence for the efficacy of the approach is weak. Mismatch between job rotation and company needs, lack of full implementation, lack of exposure variation in included tasks and failure to assess variation may underlie inconclusive research findings to date. The study aims to develop a job rotation with company stakeholders, perform a process evaluation of the implementation, and determine the extent to which the intervention improves the physical and psychosocial work environment, indicators of health, gender and social equality among workers and production quality and resilience.Methods and analysisApproximately 60 production workers at a Swedish commercial laundromat will be recruited. Physical and psychosocial work environment conditions, health, productivity and gender and social equality will be assessed pre and post intervention, using surveys, accelerometers, heart rate, electromyography and focus groups. A task-based exposure matrix will be constructed, and exposure variation estimated at the level of the individual worker pre and post intervention. An implementation process evaluation will be conducted. Job rotation efficacy will be assessed in terms of improvement in work environment conditions, health, gender and social inequality, and production quality and resilience. This study will provide novel information on the effects of the job rotation on physical and psychosocial work environment conditions, production quality and rate, health and gender and social inequality among blue-collar workers in a highly multicultural workplace.Ethics and disseminationThe study received approval from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (reference number 2019-00228). The results of the project will be shared directly with the employees, managers and union representatives from the participating company, other relevant labour market stakeholders and with researchers at national and international conferences and via scientific publication.Trial registration numberThe study is preregistered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/zmdc8/).
Cross-sectional health centre and community-based evaluation of the impact of pneumococcal and malaria vaccination on antibiotic prescription and usage, febrile illness and antimicrobial resistance in young children in Malawi: the IVAR study protocol
Authors: Singleton David , Ibarz-Pavon Ana , Swarthout Todd D , Bonomali Farouck , Cornick Jennifer , Kalizang’oma Akuzike , Ntiza Noah , Brown Comfort , Chipatala Raphael , Nyangulu Wongani , Chirombo James , Kawalazira Gift , Chibowa Henry , Mwansambo Charles , Maleta Kenneth Mphatso , French Neil , Heyderman Robert S 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionVaccination is a potentially critical component of efforts to arrest development and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), though little is known about vaccination impact within low-income and middle-income countries. This study will evaluate the impact of vaccination on reducing carriage prevalence of resistantStreptococcus pneumoniaeand extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producingEscherichia coliandKlebsiellaspecies. We will leverage two large ongoing cluster-randomised vaccine evaluations in Malawi assessing; first, adding a booster dose to the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) schedule, and second, introduction of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine.Methods and analysisSix cross-sectional surveys will be implemented within primary healthcare centres (n=3000 users of outpatient facilities per survey) and their local communities (n=700 healthy children per survey): three surveys in Blantyre district (PCV13 component) and three surveys in Mangochi district (RTS,S/AS01 component). We will evaluate antibiotic prescription practices and AMR carriage in children ≤3 years. For the PCV13 component, surveys will be conducted 9, 18 and 33 months following a 3+0 to 2+1 schedule change. For the RTS,S/AS01 component, surveys will be conducted 32, 44 and 56 months post-RTS,S/AS01 introduction. Six health centres in each study component will be randomly selected for study inclusion. Between intervention arms, the primary outcome will be the difference in penicillin non-susceptibility prevalence amongS. pneumoniaenasopharyngeal carriage isolates in healthy children. The study is powered to detect an absolute change of 13 percentage points (ie, 35% vs 22% penicillin non-susceptibility).Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Kamuzu University of Health Sciences (Ref: P01-21-3249), University College London (Ref: 18331/002) and University of Liverpool (Ref: 9908) Research Ethics Committees. Parental/caregiver verbal or written informed consent will be obtained prior to inclusion or recruitment in the health centre-based and community-based activities, respectively. Results will be disseminated via the Malawi Ministry of Health, WHO, peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.
Rate of occurrence of respiratory complications in patients who undergo shoulder arthroplasty with a continuous interscalene brachial plexus block and associated risk factors
Authors: Xu Lei , Gessner Daniel , Kou Alex , Kasimova Ksenia , Memtsoudis Stavros G , Mariano Edward R 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionContinuous interscalene nerve block techniques are an effective form of targeted non-opioid postoperative analgesia for shoulder arthroplasty patients. One of the limiting risks, however, is potential phrenic nerve blockade with resulting hemidiaphragmatic paresis and respiratory compromise. While studies have focused on block-related technical aspects to limit the incidence of phrenic nerve palsy, little is known about other factors associated with increased risk of clinical respiratory complications in this population.MethodsA single-institution retrospective cohort study was conducted using electronic health records from adult patients who underwent elective shoulder arthroplasty with continuous interscalene brachial plexus blocks (CISB). Data collected included patient, nerve block, and surgery characteristics. Respiratory complications were categorized into four groups (none, mild, moderate, and severe). Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted.ResultsAmong 1025 adult shoulder arthroplasty cases, 351 (34%) experienced any respiratory complication. These 351 were subdivided into 279 (27%) mild, 61 (6%) moderate, and 11 (1%) severe respiratory complications. In an adjusted analysis, patient-related factors were associated with an increased likelihood of respiratory complication: ASA Physical Status III (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.36); asthma (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.37); congestive heart failure (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.33); body mass index (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.09); age (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.04); and preoperative oxygen saturation (SpO2). For every 1% decrease in preoperative SpO2, there was an associated 32% higher likelihood of a respiratory complication (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.46, p<0.001).ConclusionsPatient-related factors that can be measured preoperatively are associated with increased likelihood of respiratory complications after elective shoulder arthroplasty with CISB.