bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma exchange in acute hemolytic reaction due to ABO‐incompatible erythrocyte concentrate transfusions: Single center experience
Authors: Andıç Neslihan , Teke Hava Üsküdar , Gündüz Eren 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesAcute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) due to ABO‐incompatible erythrocyte concentrate (EC) is one of the most catastrophic complications of transfusion. Since the hemolysis is intravascular; hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria result in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), acute renal failure, shock, and sometimes death.BackgroundTreatment of AHTR is mostly supportive measures. Today there are no clear suggestions about plasma exchange (PE) in these patients.Methods/MaterialsHere we report our experience with six patients diagnosed with AHTR due to ABO‐incompatible EC transfusion.ResultsWe performed PE in 5 of these patients. Although all of our patients were geriatric and most of them had significant comorbidities four out of five patients recovered without an incident.ConclusionAlthough PE is considered a last‐chance treatment when other measures fail in the literature, our experience above indicates that it must be evaluated in every patient with AHTR early in the course. If the patient has cardiac and renal comorbidities, large volume EC is transfused, DAT is negative, plasma color is red and there is macroscopic hemoglobinuria, we suggest performing PE.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Training Studies, Vol. 11, No. 3
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: June 2023

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 3Alphonce John Amuli, ADEM, TanzaniaChris Mutseekwa, Bindura University of Science Education, ZimbabweGuilherme Tucher, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), BrazilHassan Shaaban, Atomic energy Authority, EgyptHelena Reis, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, PortugalIntakhab Khan, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaJane Liang, California Department of Education, USAJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, UKJohn Mark Asio, Gordon College, PhilippinesJonathan Chitiyo, University of Pittsburgh Bradford, USAKendall Hartley, University of Nevada, USAMaria Rachel Queiroz, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, BrazilMaria Rosa M. Prado, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, BrazilMeral Seker, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, TurkeyMichail Kalogiannakis, University of Crete, GreeceNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanRichard H. Martin, Mercer University, USARichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USASabrine Chbichib, The Higher Institute of Computing&Multimedia Gabes Tunisia, TunisiaSarah Nabih Nasif, October University, EgyptSelloane Pitikoe, University of Eswatini, EswatiniSenem Seda Şahenk Erkan, Marmara University, TurkeyWong Ken Keong, Inspectorate of School Sabah, MalaysiaYuChun Chen, Louisiana Tech University, USA Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail 1: jets@redfame.comE-mail 2: jets@redfame.orgURL: http://jets.redfame.com
A standardized quantitative analysis strategy for stable isotope probing metagenomics
Authors: Vyshenska Dariia , Sampara Pranav , Singh Kanwar , Tomatsu Andy , Kauffman W. Berkeley , Nuccio Erin E. , Blazewicz Steven J. , Pett-Ridge Jennifer , Louie Katherine B. , Varghese Neha , Kellom Matthew , Clum Alicia , Riley Robert , Roux Simon , Eloe-Fadrosh Emiley A. , Ziels Ryan M. , Malmstrom Rex R. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Stable isotope probing (SIP) facilitates culture-independent identification of active microbial populations within complex ecosystems through isotopic enrichment of nucleic acids. Many DNA-SIP studies rely on 16S rRNA gene sequences to identify active taxa, but connecting these sequences to specific bacterial genomes is often challenging. Here, we describe a standardized laboratory and analysis framework to quantify isotopic enrichment on a per-genome basis using shotgun metagenomics instead of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. To develop this framework, we explored various sample processing and analysis approaches using a designed microbiome where the identity of labeled genomes and their level of isotopic enrichment were experimentally controlled. With this ground truth dataset, we empirically assessed the accuracy of different analytical models for identifying active taxa and examined how sequencing depth impacts the detection of isotopically labeled genomes. We also demonstrate that using synthetic DNA internal standards to measure absolute genome abundances in SIP density fractions improves estimates of isotopic enrichment. In addition, our study illustrates the utility of internal standards to reveal anomalies in sample handling that could negatively impact SIP metagenomic analyses if left undetected. Finally, we present
SIPmg
, an R package to facilitate the estimation of absolute abundances and perform statistical analyses for identifying labeled genomes within SIP metagenomic data. This experimentally validated analysis framework strengthens the foundation of DNA-SIP metagenomics as a tool for accurately measuring the
in situ
activity of environmental microbial populations and assessing their genomic potential.

IMPORTANCE

Answering the questions,
“who is eating what?”
and
“who is active?”
within complex microbial communities is paramount for our ability to model, predict, and modulate microbiomes for improved human and planetary health. These questions can be pursued using stable isotope probing to track the incorporation of labeled compounds into cellular DNA during microbial growth. However, with traditional stable isotope methods, it is challenging to establish links between an active microorganism’s taxonomic identity and genome composition while providing quantitative estimates of the microorganism’s isotope incorporation rate. Here, we report an experimental and analytical workflow that lays the foundation for improved detection of metabolically active microorganisms and better quantitative estimates of genome-resolved isotope incorporation, which can be used to further refine ecosystem-scale models for carbon and nutrient fluxes within microbiomes.
Blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol testing among adults with diabetes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, USA, 2019 vs 2021
Authors: Casagrande Sarah S , Lawrence Jean M 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionRegular blood glucose/A1c, blood pressure (BP), and cholesterol (ABC) testing is important for diabetes management. It is unknown whether pandemic-related disruptions in medical care were negatively associated with ABC testing among US adults with diagnosed diabetes.Research design and methodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted among adults ≥18 years with diagnosed diabetes who participated in the 2019 or 2021 National Health Interview Survey (n=3355 and n=3127, respectively). Adults with diabetes self-reported sociodemographic and diabetes-related characteristics, ABC testing in the past year, and delays or not getting medical care due to the pandemic (2021 only). Descriptive statistics were used to determine differences in ABC testing in 2019 vs 2021. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between delays or not getting medical care due to the pandemic and ABC testing, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes duration, and diabetes medication use.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of having a blood glucose/A1c or a BP test in the past year was high (>90%) but it was significantly lower in 2021 compared with 2019 (A1c: 94.2% vs 96.8%, p<0.001; BP: 96.8% vs 98.4%, p=0.002, respectively). Cholesterol testing remained stable (93.0% in 2021 vs 94.5% in 2019, p=0.053). In logistic regression analysis, after full adjustment, adults who reported delaying or not getting medical care when needed due to the pandemic were 50% less likely to get an ABC test in the past year compared with those who promptly received medical care (A1c: adjusted OR (aOR)=0.44, 95% CI 0.29–0.68; BP: aOR=0.48, 95% CI 0.27–0.85; cholesterol: aOR=0.48, 95% CI 0.31–0.75).ConclusionsDisruptions in medical care during the pandemic were associated with a decrease in ABC testing. Future research is needed to assess whether blood glucose/A1c and BP testing returns to prepandemic levels and if reductions in these tests result in excess diabetes-related complications.
Physical injuries as triggers for self-harm: a within-individual study of nearly 250 000 injured people with a major psychiatric disorder
Authors: Sariaslan Amir , Larsson Henrik , Hawton Keith , Pitkänen Joonas , Lichtenstein Paul , Martikainen Pekka , Fazel Seena 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAlthough there is robust evidence for several factors which may precipitate self-harm, the contributions of different physical injuries are largely unknown.ObjectiveTo examine whether specific physical injuries are associated with risks of self-harm in people with psychiatric disorders.MethodsBy using population and secondary care registers, we identified all people born in Finland (1955–2000) and Sweden (1948–1993) with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder (n=136 182), bipolar disorder (n=68 437) or depression (n=461 071). Falls, transport-related injury, traumatic brain injury and injury from interpersonal assault were identified within these subsamples. We used conditional logistic regression models adjusted for age and calendar month to compare self-harm risk in the week after each injury to earlier weekly control periods, which allowed us to account for unmeasured confounders, including genetics and early environments.FindingsA total of 249 210 individuals had been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder and a physical injury during the follow-up. The absolute risk of self-harm after a physical injury ranged between transport-related injury and injury from interpersonal assault (averaging 17.4–37.0 events per 10 000 person-weeks). Risk of self-harm increased by a factor of two to three (adjusted OR: 2.0–2.9) in the week following a physical injury, as compared with earlier, unexposed periods for the same individuals.ConclusionsPhysical injuries are important proximal risk factors for self-harm in people with psychiatric disorders.Clinical implicationsMechanisms underlying the associations could provide treatment targets. When treating patients with psychiatric illnesses, emergency and trauma medical services should actively work in liaison with psychiatric services to implement self-harm prevention strategies.
Risk factors associated with contrast-associated acute kidney injury in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Jiahao , Liu Chaoyun , Deng Zhanyu , Zhu Youfeng , Zhang Shaoheng 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the risk factors for contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWe searched the databases of PubMed, Embase and Ovid, up to February 2022, for observational studies that investigated the association between risk factors and CA-AKI.ResultsA total of 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Of the total 22 015 participants, 2728 developed CA-AKI. Pooled incidence was 11.91% (95% CI 9.69%, 14.14%). Patients with CA-AKI were more likely to be older, female, also had comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, previous heart failure). Smoking (OR: 0.60; 95% CI 0.52, 0.69) and family history of CAD (coronary artery disease) (OR: 0.76; 95% CI 0.60, 0.95) were associated with lower risk of CA-AKI. Left anterior descending (LAD) artery occlusion (OR: 1.39; 95% CI 1.21, 1.59), left main disease (OR: 4.62; 95% CI 2.24, 9.53) and multivessel coronary disease (OR: 1.33; 95% CI 1.11, 1.60) were risk factors for CA-AKI. Contrast volume (weighted mean difference: 20.40; 95% CI 11.02, 29.79) was associated with increased risk in patients receiving iso-osmolar or low-osmolar non-ionic contrast.ConclusionsIn addition to the known risk factors, LAD artery infarction, left main disease and multivessel disease are risk factors for CA-AKI. The unexpected favourable association between smoking, as well as family history of CAD, and CA-AKI requires further investigation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021289868.
Chinese herbal medicine as adjuvant treatment for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ha Na-Yeon , Park Mu-Jin , Kim Jinsung 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionPostoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a distressing symptom that patients often complain of even after less invasive surgery such as laparoscopic surgery (LS). If PONV is not well managed, patient recovery and postoperative quality of life are adversely affected. Although various drugs have been administered to prevent PONV, their effectiveness is limited, and adverse effects are numerous. Although herbal medicines have been widely used to manage various gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea and vomiting, scientific evidence of their effects is lacking. This protocol is intended for a systematic review to analyse the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines for PONV after LS through a meta-analysis.Methods and analysisRandomised controlled trials, reported until June 2022, will be retrieved from electronic databases such as Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Library. We will compare the effects of herbal medicine in patients presenting with PONV after LS with those of Western medicine, placebo and no treatment. If sufficient studies are identified, we will evaluate the combined effects of herbal and Western medicine. The incidence of nausea and vomiting will be considered the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes will include the intensity of complaints, quality of life and incidence of adverse events. Two independent reviewers will collect data based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses statement, evaluate the quality of each study using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and synthesise the results via meta-analysis, if possible.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this review. The results of this study will be disseminated to peer-reviewed journals and posters.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022345749.
Optimal quantum state tomography with noisy gates
Authors: Ivanova-Rohling Violeta N. , Rohling Niklas , Burkard Guido 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQuantum state tomography (QST) represents an essential tool for the characterization, verification, and validation (QCVV) of quantum processors. Only for a few idealized scenarios, there are analytic results for the optimal measurement set for QST. E.g., in a setting of non-degenerate measurements, an optimal minimal set of measurement operators for QST has eigenbases which are mutually unbiased. However, in other set-ups, dependent on the rank of the projection operators and the size of the quantum system, the optimal choice of measurements for efficient QST needs to be numerically approximated. We have generalized this problem by introducing the framework of customized efficient QST. Here we extend customized QST and look for the optimal measurement set for QST in the case where some of the quantum gates applied in the measurement process are noisy. To achieve this, we use two distinct noise models: first, the depolarizing channel, and second, over- and under-rotation in single-qubit and to two-qubit gates (for further information, please see Methods). We demonstrate the benefit of using entangling gates for the efficient QST measurement schemes for two qubits at realistic noise levels, by comparing the fidelity of reconstruction of our optimized QST measurement set to the state-of-the-art scheme using only product bases.
Make It Real: An End-to-End Implementation of A Physically Disaggregated Data Center
Authors: Zhang Yiying 
Published: June 2023

Resource disaggregation is an approach to separate different hardware resources into independent pools in a data center, so that these pools can be easily managed and their resources can be allocated in a tight but unbounded way. The past decade has seen research and practices in realizing the resource-disaggregation idea on regular servers.
We advocate for a physically disaggregated data center, where disaggregated resource pools consist of hardware devices, not servers. Physical disaggregation could unlock another level of benefits in resource disaggregation, including further improved cost saving, easier maintenance and scaling, and more customization. This paper presents our efforts in building an end-to-end physically disaggregated data center, including the design and implementation of disaggregated hardware devices, networking systems for connecting these devices, operating systems for orchestrating them, and porting of traditional and cloud-computing applications to this physically disaggregated platform.
Resistance to Selective FGFR Inhibitors in FGFR-Driven Urothelial Cancer
Authors: Facchinetti Francesco , Hollebecque Antoine , Braye Floriane , Vasseur Damien , Pradat Yoann , Bahleda Rastislav , Pobel Cédric , Bigot Ludovic , Déas Olivier , Florez Arango Juan David , Guaitoli Giorgia , Mizuta Hayato , Combarel David , Tselikas Lambros , Michiels Stefan , Nikolaev Sergey I. , Scoazec Jean-Yves , Ponce-Aix Santiago , Besse Benjamin , Olaussen Ken A. , Loriot Yohann , Friboulet Luc 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Several fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors are approved or in clinical development for the treatment of FGFR-driven urothelial cancer, and molecular mechanisms of resistance leading to patient relapses have not been fully explored. We identified 21 patients with FGFR-driven urothelial cancer treated with selective FGFR inhibitors and analyzed postprogression tissue and/or circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). We detected single mutations in the FGFR tyrosine kinase domain in seven (33%) patients (FGFR3 N540K, V553L/M, V555L/M, E587Q; FGFR2 L551F) and multiple mutations in one (5%) case (FGFR3 N540K, V555L, and L608V). Using Ba/F3 cells, we defined their spectrum of resistance/sensitivity to multiple selective FGFR inhibitors. Eleven (52%) patients harbored alterations in the PI3K–mTOR pathway (n = 4 TSC1/2, n = 4 PIK3CA, n = 1 TSC1 and PIK3CA, n = 1 NF2, n = 1 PTEN). In patient-derived models, erdafitinib was synergistic with pictilisib in the presence of PIK3CA E545K, whereas erdafitinib–gefitinib combination was able to overcome bypass resistance mediated by EGFR activation.

Significance:
In the largest study on the topic thus far, we detected a high frequency of FGFR kinase domain mutations responsible for resistance to FGFR inhibitors in urothelial cancer. Off-target resistance mechanisms involved primarily the PI3K–mTOR pathway. Our findings provide preclinical evidence sustaining combinatorial treatment strategies to overcome bypass resistance.
See related commentary by Tripathi et al., p. 1964.
This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 1949
Quantitative DNA Repair Biomarkers and Immune Profiling for Temozolomide and Olaparib in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Cecchini Michael , Zhang Janie Y. , Wei Wei , Sklar Jeffrey , Lacy Jill , Zhong Minghao , Kong Yong , Zhao Hongyu , DiPalermo Jassim , Devine Lesley , Stein Stacey M. , Kortmansky Jeremy , Johung Kimberly L. , Bindra Ranjit S. , LoRusso Patricia , Schalper Kurt A. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)-silenced tumors reveal sensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ), which may be enhanced by PARP inhibitors. Approximately 40% of colorectal cancer has MGMT silencing and we aimed to measure antitumoral and immunomodulatory effects from TMZ and olaparib in colorectal cancer.

Experimental Design:
Patients with advanced colorectal cancer were screened for MGMT promoter hypermethylation using methylation-specific PCR of archival tumor. Eligible patients received TMZ 75 mg/m2 days 1–7 with olaparib 150 mg twice daily every 21 days. Pretreatment tumor biopsies were collected for whole-exome sequencing (WES), and multiplex quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) of MGMT protein expression and immune markers.

Results:
MGMT promoter hypermethylation was detected in 18/51 (35%) patients, 9 received study treatment with no objective responses, 5/9 had stable disease (SD) and 4/9 had progressive disease as best response. Three patients had clinical benefit: carcinoembryonic antigen reduction, radiographic tumor regression, and prolonged SD. MGMT expression by multiplex QIF revealed prominent tumor MGMT protein from 6/9 patients without benefit, while MGMT protein was lower in 3/9 with benefit. Moreover, benefitting patients had higher baseline CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. WES revealed 8/9 patients with MAP kinase variants (7 KRAS and 1 ERBB2). Flow cytometry identified peripheral expansion of effector T cells.

Conclusions:
Our results indicate discordance between MGMT promoter hypermethylation and MGMT protein expression. Antitumor activity seen in patients with low MGMT protein expression, supports MGMT protein as a predictor of alkylator sensitivity. Increased CD8+ TILs and peripheral activated T cells, suggest a role for immunostimulatory combinations.

Significance:
TMZ and PARP inhibitors synergize in vitro and in vivo in tumors with MGMT silencing. Up to 40% of colorectal cancer is MGMT promoter hypermethylated, and we investigated whether TMZ and olaparib are effective in this population. We also measured MGMT by QIF and observed efficacy only in patients with low MGMT, suggesting quantitative MGMT biomarkers more accurately predict benefit to alkylator combinations.