bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and validation of neurotrophic factor-related gene signatures in glioblastoma and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Zhao Songyun , Chi Hao , Yang Qian , Chen Shi , Wu Chenxi , Lai Guichuan , Xu Ke , Su Ke , Luo Honghao , Peng Gaoge , Xia Zhijia , Cheng Chao , Lu Peihua 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common cancer of the central nervous system, while Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological condition frequently affecting the elderly. Neurotrophic factors are key factors associated with the progression of degenerative neuropathies and gliomas.MethodsThe 2601 neurotrophic factor-related genes (NFRGs) available in the Genecards portal were analyzed and 12 NFRGs with potential roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and the prognosis of GBM were identified. LASSO regression and random forest algorithms were then used to screen the key NFRGs. The correlation of the key NFRGs with immune pathways was verified using GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis). A prognostic risk scoring system was constructed using LASSO (Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) and multivariate Cox risk regression based on the expression of the 12 NFRGs in the GBM cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We also investigated differences in clinical characteristics, mutational landscape, immune cell infiltration, and predicted efficacy of immunotherapy between risk groups. Finally, the accuracy of the model genes was validated using multi-omics mutation analysis, single-cell sequencing, QT-PCR, and HPA.ResultsWe found that 4 NFRGs were more reliable for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease through the use of machine learning techniques. These results were validated using two external cohorts. We also identified 7 NFRGs that were highly associated with the prognosis and diagnosis of GBM. Patients in the low-risk group had a greater overall survival (OS) than those in the high-risk group. The nomogram generated based on clinical characteristics and risk scores showed strong prognostic prediction ability. The NFRG signature was an independent prognostic predictor for GBM. The low-risk group was more likely to benefit from immunotherapy based on the degree of immune cell infiltration, expression of immune checkpoints (ICs), and predicted response to immunotherapy. In the end, 2 NFRGs (EN1 and LOXL1) were identified as crucial for the development of Parkinson’s disease and the outcome of GBM.ConclusionsOur study revealed that 4 NFRGs are involved in the progression of PD. The 7-NFRGs risk score model can predict the prognosis of GBM patients and help clinicians to classify the GBM patients into high and low risk groups. EN1, and LOXL1 can be used as therapeutic targets for personalized immunotherapy for patients with PD and GBM.
Benthic-pelagic coupling and isotopic fractionation of barium in Kiel Bight, SW Baltic Sea
Authors: Scholz Florian , Cheng Jun , Zhang Zhouling , Vosteen Paul , Siebert Christopher , Frank Martin 
Published: February 2023

Barium (Ba) isotopes are a promising new tracer for riverine freshwater input to the ocean and marine biogeochemical cycling. However, many processes that affect Ba cycling at continental margins have not yet been investigated with respect to Ba isotope fractionation. Here, we present a comprehensive data set of Ba concentration and isotope data for water column, pore water and sediment samples from Kiel Bight, a seasonally stratified and hypoxic fjord in the southwestern Baltic Sea. The surface water Ba concentration and Ba isotope inventory of the water column can generally be explained by mixing of riverine freshwater and Atlantic seawater. However, the deep-water below the seasonal pycnocline (10 - 15 m water depth) is characterized by a pronounced positive Ba concentration anomaly (up to 915 nM) that is accompanied by a δ138Ba of ~+0.25 ‰, which is lighter than expected from the seawater-freshwater mixing line (Ba: 77 nM, δ138Ba: +0.32 ‰ at a salinity of 18). Pore water profiles indicate a Ba flux across the sediment-water interface, which contributes to the enrichment in isotopically light Ba in the deep-water. Pore waters of surface sediments and deep-waters are oversaturated with respect to barite. Therefore, barite dissolution is unlikely to account for the benthic Ba flux. Water column Ba concentrations closely correlate with those of the nutrients phosphate and silica, which are removed from surface waters by biological processes and recycled from the sediment by diffusion across the sediment-water interface. As nutrient-to-Ba ratios differ among sites and from those observed in open-marine systems, we propose that Ba is removed from surface waters by adsorption onto biogenic particles (rather than assimilation) and regenerated within surface sediments upon organic matter degradation. Pore water data for subsurface sediments in Kiel Bight indicate preferential transfer of isotopically heavy Ba into an authigenic phase during early diagenesis. Quantifying the burial flux associated with this authigenic Ba phase along continental margins could potentially help to settle the isotopic imbalance between known Ba source and sink fluxes in the ocean.
Data augmentation and deep neural network classification based on ship radiated noise
Authors: Xie Zhuofan , Lin Rongbin , Wang Lingzhe , Zhang Anmin , Lin Jiaqing , Tang Xiaoda 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionVarious types of ships sail at sea, and identifying maritime ship types through shipradiated noise is one of the tasks of ocean observation. The ocean environment is complex and changeable, such rapid environmental changes underline the difficulties of obtaining a huge amount of samples. Meanwhile, the length of each sample has a decisive influence on the classification results, but there is no universal sampling length selection standard.MethodsThis study proposes an effective framework for ship-radiated noise classification. The framework includes: i) A comprehensive judgment method based on multiple features for sample length selecting. ii) One-dimensional deep convolution generative adversarial network (1-DDCGAN) model to augment the training datasets for small sample problem. iii) One-dimensional convolution neural network (CNN) trained by generated data and real data for ship-radiated noise classification. On this basis, a onedimensional residual network (ResNet) is designed to improve classification accuracy.ResultsExperiments are performed to verify the proposed framework using public datasets. After data augmentation, statistical parameters are used to measure the similarity between the original samples and the generated samples. Then, the generated samples are integrated into the training set. The convergence speed of the network is clearly accelerated, and the classification accuracy is significantly improved in the one-dimensional CNN and ResNet.DiscussionIn this study, we propose an effective framework for the lack of scientific sample length selection and lack of sample number in the classification of ship-radiated noise, but there aret still some problems: high complexity, structural redundancy, poor adaptability, and so on. They are also long-standing problems in this field that needs to be solved urgently.
Life history traits for Ophryotrocha craigsmithi (Wiklund, Glover & Dahlgren, 2009), a candidate species in integrated multitrophic aquaculture
Authors: Svensson Signe Gunborg Bentzrød , Strohmeier Tore , Rastrick Helen , Garcia Antonio Aguera , Lock Erik-Jan , Sveier Harald , Jansen Henrice M. 
Published: February 2023

Ophryotrocha craigsmithi (Wiklund, Glover &amp; Dahlgren, 2009) has repeatedly been observed in high densities at salmonid fish farms in Norway and has been shown to feed on the organic waste released during fish production. This species has therefore been pointed out as a candidate for the benthic component of integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA). Little is known about the life history traits of Ophryotrocha species found at greater depths in temperate waters. Insight into life traits is of key importance in evaluating the bio-mitigation and harvest potential of (benthic) species within IMTA systems. In this study, we aimed to describe key life history traits for O. craigsmithi, such as growth, reproductive pattern, and offset of reproduction. The main findings are as follows: (I) O. craigsmithi exhibits early sexual maturation and rapid growth, going from 5 to 16 mm in length in 8 weeks; (II) their estimated lifetime is approximately 15 weeks with a generation time of 4 weeks; (III) there are strong indications that they are gonochoric semicontinuous spawners; (IV) the majority of mature eggs ranged from 120 to 150 µm; and (V) the larvae developed into a free-swimming stage after approximately 1 week. To this end, we present a framework for assessing the suitability of deposit-feeding polychaetes as candidate species in IMTA, considering environmental adaptiveness, production potential, as well as carbon and nitrogen mitigation capacity. On the basis of this, O. craigsmithi shows a high suitability as an extractive farmed species in benthic IMTA.
Osteoarticular tuberculosis cases in the southwest of China: A 9-year retrospective study
Authors: Wang Dong-Mei , An Qi , Yang Qing , Liao Yi , Jian Yao 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundOsteoarticular tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary TB. In this study, we analyzed the epidemiological characteristics, common sites, and drug resistance profiles of osteoarticular TB infections occurring in southwest China.MethodsA total of 3,254 cases of patients clinically diagnosed with osteoarticular TB infections between 2013 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients' demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Drug sensitivity testing was performed using the microporous plate ratio method. Chi-squared analysis was used to analyze the rates of and trends in mycobacterial isolates.ResultsOf the 3,254 patients, 1,968 (60.5%) were men and boys, and 1,286 (39.5%) were women and girls; patients' ages ranged from 1 to 91 years, with an average of 42 ± 19.3 years. In terms of disease, 2,261 (69.5%) had spinal TB, mainly thoracic (815, 36%) or lumbar (1,080, 48%); joint TB was found in 874 cases (26.9%), mainly occurring in the knee (263, 30%) or hip (227, 26%); and both spinal and joint TB were observed in 119 cases (3.7%). Drug susceptibility tests were performed on 241 isolated strains of MTB; 70 strains (29.0%) were resistant to at least one drug, and MDR-TB and XDR-TB were observed in 7.1 and 1.2% of strains, respectively.ConclusionsIn southwest China over this period, osteoarticular TB mainly affected middle-aged and young men with poor nutritional status. Patients from ethnic minority areas also accounted for a large proportion of cases. Spinal TB is prone to occur in the lumbar and thoracic vertebrae, and joint TB is prone to occur in the lower limb joints. Additionally, there has been an increasing trend in the number of TB cases over the past 9 years, and drug resistance has also increased.
Bioequivalence study of ipratropium bromide inhalation aerosol using PBPK modelling
Authors: Zhang Jisheng , Wu Keheng , Liu Bo , Hou Shuguang , Li Xue , Ye Xiang , Liu Jack , He Qing 
Published: February 2023

AimsSystemic pharmacokinetic (PK) studies can reflect the overall exposure of orally inhaled drug Products (OIDPs) in the blood after inhalation into the lung and can be used to evaluate the bioequivalence of test and reference products. The aim of this article is: (1) to study the PK characteristics and bioequivalence of ipratropium bromide (IB) inhalation aerosol, reference and test products in healthy Chinese subjects; (2) to establish a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model and verify the accuracy of the model in predicting bioequivalence; (3) attempt to use the model to predict the regional distribution of particles in the lung after inhalation, and discuss the effect of gastrointestinal drug absorption of IB on systemic exposure.MethodsThe study involved two clinical studies. Clinical study-1 (registration number: CTR20201284) was used with non-clinical data to construct and validate a PBPK model in the B2O simulator, a web-based virtual drug development platform. This model assessed different test and reference products’ bioequivalence. Results were compared to a second clinical study (Clinical study-2: registration number CTR20202291). The particles’ regional distribution in the lung and the gastrointestinal absorption effect on systemic exposure were discussed based on the simulation results.ResultsThe established PBPK model successfully simulated the in vivo PK characteristics of IB inhalation aerosol, with r2 close to 1. Gastrointestinal absorption had a negligible effect on systemic exposure. Particles accumulated in the alveolar area were cleared within an hour, followed by particles in the bronchioles and bronchi.ConclusionThis model provided a reliable method for exploring the correlation between in vitro and in vivo PK studies of IB inhalation aerosols. According to the simulation results, the test and reference products were bioequivalent.
Plant-derived compounds for treating autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Zhang Jieting , Chen Jiaxin , Xu Jing , Xue Cheng , Mao Zhiguo 
Published: February 2023

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common monogenic hereditary kidney disease, is the fourth leading cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. In recent years, significant progress has been made in delaying ADPKD progression with different kinds of chemical drugs, such as tolvaptan, rapamycin, and somatostatin. Meanwhile, numerous plant-derived compounds have been investigated for their beneficial effects on slowing ADPKD progression. Among them, saikosaponin-d, Ganoderma triterpenes, curcumin, ginkgolide B, steviol, resveratrol, Sparganum stoloniferum Buch.-Ham, Cordyceps sinensis, triptolide, quercitrin, naringin, cardamonin, gambogic acid, and olive leaf extract have been found to retard renal cyst development by inhibiting cell proliferation or promoting cell apoptosis in renal cyst-lining epithelial cells. Metformin, a synthesized compound derived from French lilac or goat’s rue (Galega officinalis), has been proven to retard the progression of ADPKD. This review focuses on the roles and mechanisms of plant-derived compounds in treating ADPKD, which may constitute promising new therapeutics in the future.
Case report: Reversible punctate inflammatory foci in the corpus callosum: A novel radiological finding of CAR T-cell therapy-related neurotoxicity
Authors: Pensato Umberto , de Philippis Chiara , Pistolese Flavio , Mannina Daniele , Marcheselli Simona , Politi Letterio S. , Santoro Armando , Bramanti Stefania 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionChimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy-related neurotoxicity is a novel cytokine-mediated neurological syndrome that may present with a broad spectrum of manifestations. Descriptions of novel distinctive features are pivotal to untangling this condition's clinical and instrumental signature in order to inform diagnosis and pathophysiology.CaseA 27-year-old female patient received anti-CD19 CAR T cells for a refractory primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma. At 6 days after the infusion, she developed mild ideo-motor slowing, dysgraphia, and drowsiness. Despite specific treatment with dexamethasone, her neurological status progressively worsened to a comatose state within 24 h. EEG and CSF analyses were non-specific, showing background slowing and inflammatory findings. Brain MRI revealed multiple focal punctate areas of T2-weighted hyperintensity localized in the body and isthmus of the corpus callosum. Following the administration of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, her neurological status resolved within 48 h. Notably, the follow-up brain MRI did not reveal any abnormalities in the corpus callosum, except for a reduction of fractional anisotropy.ConclusionReversible punctate inflammatory foci of the body and isthmus of the corpus callosum may represent a novel radiological finding of CAR T-cell therapy-related neurotoxicity.
Microchimerism in multiple sclerosis: The association between sex of offspring and MRI features in women with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Bianchi Alessia , Aprile Maria , Schirò Giuseppe , Gasparro Claudia , Iacono Salvatore , Andolina Michele , Marrale Maurizio , Gattuso Irene , La Tona Giuseppe , Midiri Massimo , Gagliardo Cesare , Salemi Giuseppe , Ragonese Paolo 
Published: February 2023

AimsDuring pregnancy, fetal cells can migrate to the mother via blood circulation. A percentage of these cells survive in maternal tissues for decades generating a population of fetal microchimeric cells (fMCs), whose biological role is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the sex of offspring, an indirect marker of fMCs, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in women with multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsWe recruited 26 nulliparous MS patients (NPp), 20 patients with at least one male son (XYp), and 8 patients with only daughters (XXp). Each patient underwent brain MR scan to acquire 3D-T2w FLAIR FatSat and 3D-T1w FSPGR/TFE. Lesion Segmentation Tool (LST) and FreeSurfer were used to obtain quantitative data from MRI. Additional data were collected using medical records. Multiple regression models were applied to evaluate the association between sex of offspring and MS data.ResultsComparing NPp and XXp, we found that NPp had larger 4th ventricle volume (2.02 ± 0.59 vs. 1.70 ± 0.41; p = 0.022), smaller left entorhinal volume (0.55 ± 0.17 vs. 0.68 ± 0.25; p = 0.028), and lower thickness in the following cortical areas: left paracentral (2.34 ± 0.16 vs. 2.39 ± 0.17; p = 0.043), left precuneus (2.27 ± 0.11 vs. 2.34 ± 0.16; p = 0.046), right lateral occipital (2.14 ± 0.11 vs. 2.25 ± 0.08; p = 0.006). NPp also had lower thickness in left paracentral cortex (2.34 ± 0.16 vs. 2.46 ± 0.17; p = 0.004), left precalcarine cortex (1.64 ± 0.14 vs. 1.72 ± 0.12; p = 0.041), and right paracentral cortex (2.34 ± 0.17 vs. 2.42 ± 0.14; p = 0.015) when compared to XYp. Comparing XYp and XXp, we found that XYp had higher thickness in left cuneus (1.80 ± 0.14 vs. 1.93 ± 0.10; p = 0.042) and left pericalcarine areas (1.59 ± 0.19 vs. 1.72 ± 0.12; p = 0.032) and lower thickness in right lateral occipital cortex (2.25 ± 0.08 vs. 2.18 ± 0.13; p = 0.027).DiscussionOur findings suggested an association between the sex of offspring and brain atrophy. Considering the sex of offspring as an indirect marker of fMCs, we speculated that fMCs could accumulate in different brain areas modulating MS neuropathological processes.
The clinical value of the Controlling Nutritional Status score for predicting prognosis in systolic heart failure cases in the vulnerable phase
Authors: Zhao Jinglin , Xie Wenli , Ye Suling , Zhang Shenglin , Shi Wenyu , Cui Ming , Wang Lili 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundMalnutrition, a commonly encountered complication of heart failure, has an association with poor prognosis. The vulnerable phase of heart failure constitutes the most vulnerable stage of heart failure cases after discharge (usually within 3 months). At present, the prognostic value of Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score in the vulnerable phase of systolic heart failure is unclear.MethodsTotally 187 systolic heart failure cases were retrospectively assessed at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. Based on CONUT score at admission, cases were assigned to 3 groups, including the normal nutrition, and mild and moderate or severe malnutrition groups. The primary endpoint was all-cause death in the 90 days following discharge. The secondary, composite outcome encompassed all-cause death and rehospitalization due to heart failure. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were performed to compare outcome event rates between groups. The independent risk factors for outcome events were obtained by multivariate COX regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the Delong test were used to compare the prediction performance of the CONUT score and other independent risk factors for all-cause death.ResultsDuring the 90 days of follow-up, 8.6% of HF patients had the primary endpoint and 23.5% had the secondary outcome. All-cause mortality was markedly elevated in the moderate or severe malnutrition group (Logrank: p &lt; 0.001). Compared with the normal nutrition group, composite endpoint events had starkly increased incidence rates in both malnutrition groups, and the incidence increased with the severity of malnutrition (Logrank: p &lt; 0.05). Multivariate COX risk analysis revealed higher CONUT score [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.791, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.379–2.327], age (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.028–1.134), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (HR = 1.001, 95% CI 1.000–1.001), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (HR = 1.008, 95% CI 1.001–1.015) at admission as independent predictive factors of all-cause mortality. And higher CONUT score (HR = 1.162, 95% CI 1.024–1.318) and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (HR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.966–0.993) for the secondary endpoint. The addition of the CONUT score significantly increased the predictive performance of age, BNP and AST, as well as their combination for all-cause death (Delong test: all p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe CONUT score at admission independently predicts poor prognosis during the vulnerable phase in patients with systolic heart failure and may be combined with conventional risk factors to further improve the predictive efficacy.
There is a significantly inverse relationship between dietary riboflavin intake and prevalence of osteoporosis in women but not in men: Results from the TCLSIH cohort study
Authors: Wan Min , Wu Hongmei , Wang Xuena , Gu Yeqing , Meng Ge , Zhang Qing , Liu Li , Zhang Juanjuan , Sun Shaomei , Jia Qiyu , Song Kun , Gao Weina , Yao Zhanxin , Niu Kaijun , Guo Changjiang 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundEpidemiological evidence for the relationship between riboflavin intake and bone health is inconsistent, and this relationship has not been examined in Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary intake of riboflavin and prevalence of osteoporosis in a Chinese adult population.MethodsA total of 5,607 participants (mean age, 61.2 years; males, 34.4%) were included in this cross-sectional study. We calculated the riboflavin intake by using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in combination with Chinese food composition database. Bone mineral density (BMD) was detected by an ultrasound bone densitometer. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary riboflavin intake and prevalence of osteoporosis.ResultsIn this population, the dietary intake of riboflavin ranged from 0.13 to 1.99 mg/d, and the proportion of abnormal BMD was 36.6%. The prevalence of osteoporosis decreased gradually with increasing quartiles of riboflavin intake, before and after adjustment for a range of confounding factors. In the final model, the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CI) across the quartiles of riboflavin intake were 1.00 (reference), 0.84 (0.54, 1.31), 0.59 (0.34, 1.04), and 0.47 (0.22, 0.96), respectively (P for trend &lt; 0.05). In sex-disaggregated analysis, similar results to the total population were observed in women, while no significant results were found in men.ConclusionThe dietary riboflavin intake was negatively associated with the prevalence of osteoporosis. However, the association was significant in women but not in men. Our findings indicated that women are more sensitive to riboflavin intake in maintaining a normal BMD.