bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social distance of bystanders affects people’s embarrassment via changing fear of negative evaluation and feelings of attachment security
Authors: Tang Hongjuan , Li Lin , Zheng Li , Guo Xiuyan , Qian Haoyue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Embarrassment is a self-conscious emotion with important social functions, but it is not well understood. The perception of bystanders is considered a precondition for embarrassment, which makes it unique from other self-conscious emotions. Studies have shown that socially close bystanders can reduce individuals’ embarrassment. However, whether and how the embarrassment of individuals varies with the changes in social distance between them and their bystanders remained unclear, which indicates the key characteristics of embarrassment.

Methods
The current research consists of two studies. Study 1 tested whether participants’ embarrassment systematically varied with social distance by setting up three levels of social distance: close friends (i.e., short), casual friends (i.e., medium), and strangers (i.e., long), based on 159 participants. With two full mediation models, study 2 investigated whether and how the fear of negative evaluation and state attachment security mediated the influence of social distance on embarrassment based on 155 participants.

Conclusions
The current findings revealed that the social distance between bystanders and protagonists systematically influenced the embarrassment of protagonists and this effect occurred via two parallel pathways, i.e., by increasing the fear of negative evaluation and by reducing state attachment security. The findings not only showed the unique role of bystander characteristics on embarrassment, but also two cognitive processes behind this unique self-conscious emotion: fearing negative evaluation and seeking attachment for security.
Domain-relevance of influence: characterizing variations in online influence across multiple domains on social media
Authors: Shi Bowen , Xu Ke , Zhao Jichang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInfluentials play a key role in enhancing information diffusion on social media. However, how personal influence varies across multiple domains is rarely addressed. This study introduces a concept called Domain-Relevance of Influence to describe the relation between influence and domains, and establishes a methodological framework with a sample of 8,520,933 Weibo users to explore the cross-domain characteristics of influence. The results show that generalists with cross-domain attributes possess significantly higher influence than specialists in most domains, whereas in a single domain such as sports or technology, specialists and generalists can possess comparable influence. We further show that influence is positively associated with cross-domain capability in overall domains, but not necessarily in each single domain. This study contributes to better understanding of the influence variation across domains for influence enhancement, and provides a big data-based methodological basis for cross-domain communication research.
Basin-wide erosion and segmentation of the Plio-Pleistocene forearc basin in central Japan revealed by tephro- and biostratigraphy
Authors: Utsunomiya Masayuki , Tamura Itoko , Nozaki Atsushi , Nakajima Terumasa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe basement of the Tokyo metropolitan area consists of the Miocene–Pleistocene forearc basin fills that are well exposed around Tokyo Bay, especially on the Miura and Boso peninsulas. The forearc basin fills on these two peninsulas are called the Miura and Kazusa groups, and they were deposited during the late Miocene–Pliocene and Pliocene–middle Pleistocene, respectively. Because many biostratigraphic datum planes, paleomagnetic reversal events, and other chronostratigraphic tools are available for these deposits, they provide the “type stratigraphy” of other equivalent sedimentary sequences on the Japanese islands and in the northwest Pacific. However, the use of such stratigraphic markers has not been fully applied to understand the architecture of a basin-wide unconformity between the Miura and Kazusa groups called the Kurotaki unconformity. For our study, we made correlations among the Pliocene vitric tephra beds based on their stratigraphic levels, lithologic characteristics, the chemical compositions of glass shards, and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy. As a result, we were able to correlate tephra beds Ng-Ky25 just above the C3n.3n normal subchronozone (4.7 Ma), IkT16-An157.5 and IkT19-An158.5 near the top of the Mammoth reverse polarity subchronozone (3.21 Ma), and Ahn-Onr (2.6–2.7 Ma) across Tokyo Bay on the Miura and Boso peninsulas. We were able to recognize erosional surfaces and coeval mass-transport deposits immediately below the top of the Mammoth reverse polarity subchronozone, which suggests that submarine landslide(s) may have produced the lack of stratigraphic horizons (4.5–3.2 Ma) in the Miura and eastern Boso regions. Basal pebbly sandstone beds pervasively cover the erosional surfaces, and they show lateral variations into the thick (up to 60 m) mass-transport deposits and overlying turbidite sandstones. The lateral variations in sediment thickness of the post-failure deposits suggest that the basin-wide erosion was associated with the initial growth of a basin-bounding structural high that separates two distinct sub-basins in the forearc basin, which resulted in the subsequent onlapping deposition in the earliest stage of the Kazusa forearc basin. The basin-wide erosion marks the initiation of tectonic reconfigurations that led to segmentation of the forearc basin around the Tokyo Bay region.
Effectiveness of fluorescence-guided methods using near-infrared fluorescent clips of robotic colorectal surgery: a case report
Authors: Narihiro Satoshi , Nakashima Syunsuke , Kazi Mutsumi , Yoshioka Satoshi , Kitagawa Kazuo , Toya Naoki , Eto Ken 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This is the first report on the application of the Da Vinci-compatible near-infrared fluorescent clips (NIRFCs) as tumor markers to localize colorectal cancer lesions during robotic surgery. In laparoscopic and robotic colorectal surgeries, the accuracy of tumor marking is a critical issue that remains unresolved. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of NIRFCs in localizing tumors for intestinal resection. Indocyanine green (ICG) was also used to verify the feasibility of safely performing an anastomosis.

Case presentation
A patient diagnosed with rectal cancer was scheduled to undergo a robot-assisted high anterior resection. During colonoscopy 1 day prior to the surgery, four Da Vinci-compatible NIRFCs were placed intraluminally 90° around the lesion. The locations of the Da Vinci-compatible NIRFCs were confirmed using firefly technology, and ICG staining was performed before cutting the oral side of the tumor. The locations of the Da Vinci-compatible NIRFCs and the intestinal resection line were confirmed. Moreover, sufficient margins were obtained.

Conclusions
In robotic colorectal surgery, fluorescence guidance with firefly technology offers two advantages. First, it has an oncological advantage, because marking with the Da Vinci-compatible NIRFCs allows for real-time monitoring of the lesion location. This enables sufficient intestinal resection by grasping the lesion precisely. Second, it reduces the risk of postoperative complications, because ICG evaluation with firefly technology prevents postoperative anastomotic leakage. Fluorescence guidance in robot-assisted surgery is useful. In the future, the application of this technique should be evaluated for lower rectal cancer.
EZH2 regulates pancreatic cancer cells through E2F1, GLI1, CDK3, and Mcm4
Authors: Li Hongfeng , Wang Hailong , Cui Yunlong , Jiang Wenhua , Zhan Hongjie , Feng Lixia , Gao Mingyou , Zhao Kuo , Zhang Limeng , Xie Xiaojing , Zhao Ning , Li Ying , Liu Pengfei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in digestive tract. To explore the role of epigenetic factorEZH2in the malignant proliferation of PC, so as to provide effective medical help in PC. Sixty paraffin sections of PC were collected and the expression ofEZH2in PC tissues was detected by immunohistochemical assay. Three normal pancreas tissue samples were used as controls. The regulation ofEZH2gene on proliferation and migration of normal pancreatic cell and PC cell were determined by MTS, colony forming, Ki-67 antibody, scratch and Transwell assays. Through differential gene annotation and differential gene signaling pathway analysis, differentially expressed genes related to cell proliferation were selected and verified by RT-qPCR.EZH2is mainly expressed in the nuclei of pancreatic tumor cells, but not in normal pancreatic cells. The results of cell function experiments showed thatEZH2overexpression could enhance the proliferation and migration ability of PC cell BXPC-3. Cell proliferation ability increased by 38% compared to the control group.EZH2knockdown resulted in reduced proliferation and migration ability of cells. Compared with control, proliferation ability of cells reduced by 16%-40%. The results of bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome data and RT-qPCR demonstrated thatEZH2could regulate the expression ofE2F1,GLI1,CDK3andMcm4in normal and PC cells. The results revealed thatEZH2might regulate the proliferation of normal pancreatic cell and PC cell throughE2F1,GLI1,CDK3andMcm4.
Evaluation of cardiopreventive effects of Ximenia americana (Linn.) and Pappea capensis (Eckl. and Zeyh.) leaf aqueous extracts in rat models with myocardial infarction
Authors: Gaichu Daniel Muthee , Mathabe Patricia , Ngugi Mathew Piero 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Myocardial infarction is a significant health issue in both wealthy and underdeveloped nations. Globally, it is the leading cause of deaths among cardiovascular diseases. In 2012, myocardial infarction-related deaths were about 14.1 million out of 17.5 million cardiovascular disease-related deaths. Clinical management of myocardial infarction remains a challenge because most conventional drugs provide symptomatic relief only. In addition, conventional remedies are associated with numerous advese effects and arguably, in many cases are quite expensive. Hence, herbal remedies, which are widely available, with comparatively fewer side effects, and are affordable, provide a more attractive therapeutic alternative. This study aimed at determining cardiopreventive effects of aqueous leaf extracts of X. americana and P. capensis. Phytochemical screening was done using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Wistar albino rats were employed to test for cardiopreventive effects of the extracts and were randomized into 6 groups of 5 animals each. Groups I, II, and III were normal, negative, and positive controls, respectively, and rats were given normal saline, salbutamol (7.5 mg/Kg bw), and propranolol, respectively. Groups IV, V, and VI rats were treated with extracts dose levels 50, 100, and 150 mg/Kg bw, respectively. Biochemical analysis was done to determine effects of the extracts on levels of serum cardiac troponin T, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase-1, and lipid profiles. Levels of oxidative stress markers were determined in the heart tissue.

Results
The LC–MS analysis revealed different phytocompounds in the extracts, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, glycosides and tannins, which are known to confer cardioprotective activities. The extracts significantly prevented increase in cardiac troponin T, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase-1, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and MDA levels, as well as a significant increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and HDL levels.

Conclusions
This study confirmed that Ximenia americana and Pappea capensis extracts have the potential to prevent myocardial infarction in rats. Generally, P. capensis extract showed better activity as compared to X. americana extract. The effects of the extracts could be attributable to the presence of various cardioactive phytocompounds. Therefore, these plants can be considered in the development of potent and safe cardiopreventive drugs.
Winds of Change: Plant Pathology, Transnational Wheat Rust, and the Environmental Origins of the Green Revolution, 1904–1953
Authors: Garnett John R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Created in 1943, the Mexican Agricultural Program (MAP) was a collaborative program between the Rockefeller Foundation and the Mexican government aimed at improving yields of corn and wheat varieties in Mexico. The MAP's wheat program was more influential than its corn breeding program, and wheat became the centerpiece of the Green Revolution beginning in the 1960s. This article reveals that the environmental origins of the MAP's wheat program lay in combating a plant disease fungus commonly known as wheat rust, which harmed farmers in both northern Mexico and the US hard red spring wheat region. Rust outbreaks originated in US barberry bushes, so one might think that Mexican scientists would have entered the United States to solve this problem with transnational wheat rust. Instead, the reverse occurred. Nevertheless, the MAP successfully produced new rust-resistant wheat during the formative years of the MAP's wheat program. Between 1943 and 1953, rust-resistant wheat helped increase Mexican wheat production 84 percent and yields 59 percent. Rust-resistant wheat offered an alternative model for a sustainable, resource-neutral green revolution. Rather than remain in their field of expertise, plant pathologists pivoted to semidwarf wheat and fertilizer use after 1953, a shift that defined the course of the Green Revolution.
Film and History
Authors: Martin Florence , Mason Laura 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The long, rich history of Francophone cinematic culture has been largely absent from the pages of French Historical Studies. The current issue offers a corrective by initiating dialogue between historians and film studies specialists, and this introduction lays a groundwork by briefly sketching intellectual and cultural contexts for the articles that follow. Brett Bowles, Christian Delage, and Thibault Guichard examine films that recover voices silenced by abuses of state power or antistate terror, adding to existing work on how visual media preserves evidence of violence and so broadening our understanding of how history is constituted. Vanessa Brutsche engages a rich literature on how cinematic fictions represent the past with an article that explains how two popular films of the 1970s married historical “truths” with contemporary cultural referents to reappraise the French past and challenge illusions of progress. Kamel Ben Ouanès and Patricia Caillé’s overview of Tunisian cinema explores its complex relationship to state, civil society, and an international “Third Cinema” while reminding us how much Francophone cinema has become transnational in contexts of production and subject matter alike.
Retro Visions
Authors: Brutsche Vanessa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile the trend for historical subjects in 1970s French cinema is often remembered in terms of la mode rétro, defined by an obsessional fixation on the Occupation, this article examines films that revisit two polarizing scandals during the explosive final years of the Third Republic. Alain Resnais's Stavisky (1974) recounts the mysterious death of a swindler that triggered a political crisis, leading to the violent street protests of February 6, 1934; Claude Chabrol's Violette Nozière (1978) dramatizes a famous case of parricide in 1933 that became a national obsession, pitting adherents of conservative bourgeois values against opponents of tradition and patriarchy. Rather than investigate the “myth” of resistance under Vichy, these films explore the fault lines of the bitter divide between Right and Left, recasting the prewar narrative through the prism of the 1970s to interrogate the legacies of fascism and the political stakes of interpreting history.
The Anterolateral Approach, Revisited for Benign Jugular Foramen Tumors With Predominant Extracranial Extension: Microsurgical Anatomy and Case Series (SevEN-012)
Authors: Park Hun Ho , Yoo Jihwan , Oh Hyeong-Cheol , Froelich Sébastien , Lee Kyu-Sung 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The anterolateral approach (ALA) enables access to the mid and lower clivus, jugular foramen (JF), craniocervical junction, and cervical spine with added anterior and lateral exposure than the extreme lateral and endoscopic endonasal approach, respectively. We describe the microsurgical anatomy of ALA with cadaveric specimens and report our clinical experience for benign JF tumors with predominant extracranial extension.

METHODS:
A stepwise and detailed microsurgical neurovascular anatomy of ALA was explored with cadaveric specimens. Then, the clinical results of 7 consecutive patients who underwent ALA for benign JF tumors with predominant extracranial extension were analyzed.

RESULTS:
A hockey stick skin incision is made along the superior nuchal line to the anterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM). ALA involves layer-by-layer muscle dissection of SCM, splenius capitis, digastric, longissimus capitis, and superior oblique muscles. The accessory nerve runs beneath SCM and is found at the posterior edge of the digastric muscle. The internal jugular vein (IJV) is lateral to and at the level of the accessory nerve. The occipital artery passes over the longissimus capitis muscle and IJV and into the external carotid artery, which is lateral and superficial to IJV. The internal carotid artery (ICA) is more medial and deeper than external carotid artery and is in the carotid sheath with the vagus nerve and IJV. The hypoglossal and vagus nerves run along the lateral and medial side of ICA, respectively. Prehigh cervical carotid, prejugular, and retrojugular surgical corridors allow deep and extracranial access around JF. In the case series, gross and near-total resections were achieved in 6 (85.7%) patients without newly developed cranial nerve deficits.

CONCLUSION:
ALA is a traditional and invaluable neurosurgical approach for benign JF tumors with predominant extracranial extension. The anatomic knowledge of ALA increases competency in adding anterior and lateral exposure of extracranial JF.
CIARA: a cluster-independent algorithm for identifying markers of rare cell types from single-cell sequencing data
Authors: Lubatti Gabriele , Stock Marco , Iturbide Ane , Ruiz Tejada Segura Mayra L. , Riepl Melina , Tyser Richard C. V. , Danese Anna , Colomé-Tatché Maria , Theis Fabian J. , Srinivas Shankar , Torres-Padilla Maria-Elena , Scialdone Antonio 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
A powerful feature of single-cell genomics is the possibility of identifying cell types from their molecular profiles. In particular, identifying novel rare cell types and their marker genes is a key potential of single-cell RNA sequencing. Standard clustering approaches perform well in identifying relatively abundant cell types, but tend to miss rarer cell types. Here, we have developed CIARA (Cluster Independent Algorithm for the identification of markers of RAre cell types), a cluster-independent computational tool designed to select genes that are likely to be markers of rare cell types. Genes selected by CIARA are subsequently integrated with common clustering algorithms to single out groups of rare cell types. CIARA outperforms existing methods for rare cell type detection, and we use it to find previously uncharacterized rare populations of cells in a human gastrula and among mouse embryonic stem cells treated with retinoic acid. Moreover, CIARA can be applied more generally to any type of single-cell omic data, thus allowing the identification of rare cells across multiple data modalities. We provide implementations of CIARA in user-friendly packages available in R and Python.
Late-onset pulmonary complications among survivors of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Ayub Baig Mirza Muhammad , Adnan Muhammad , Baig Muhammad Usman , Ramzan Zohaib 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To assess the late-onset pulmonary complications among survivors of coronavirus disease 2019.
Methods: The cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the department of Pulmonology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore between October 2020 and March 2021. Total 288 patients visiting the hospital 12-week after recovery from COVID-19 enrolled using convenience sampling. After excluding patients (n=61) with a history of previous respiratory symptoms before the development of COVID-19, data from 227 patients was subjected to final analysis. Chest X-ray (CXR) was used to evaluate lung condition.
Results: Participation of middle-aged adults (54.6%) was higher than older (38.3%) and young adults (7.0%). The percentage of males was 55.5% and smokers was 29.1%. Dyspnea was the most common complication as 80.0% patients had moderate to severe dyspnea while chronic cough was 78.0% and lung fibrosis (LF) was 13.2%. The chances of LF increased with the rise in age (p-value 0.033). However, the distribution of LF was similar between males and females. The frequency of lung fibrosis in smokers was 3-time higher than among non-smokers (24.2 vs. 8.7%; p-value 0.003). The patients with LF were more dependent on O2 as compared to the patients without LF (p-value < 0.001). The frequency of tachycardia was significantly different between patients with and without LF (all p-values < 0.05).
Conclusion: LF is a common late-onset pulmonary complication of COVID-19 and is associated with old age, smoking, O2 dependency, tachycardia, and severe dyspnea.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.6302
How to cite this: Baig MMA, Adnan M, Baig MU, Ramzan Z. Late-onset pulmonary complications among survivors of Coronavirus Disease 2019. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.6302
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.