bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices According to Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)From 2010 to 2019 and Associated Factors in Senegal
Authors: CAMARA Maty DIAGNE , BASSOUM Oumar , TOURE Anna , SARR Aita , COLY Aminata NDIAYE , BEYE Maguette FALL , LÔ Nafi BA 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction The first two years of a child's life are particularly important because optimal nutrition during this period will reduce morbidity and mortality rates. Despite the efforts of the Government and its partners, this situation has remained almost stationary for the last 10 years according to the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data between 2010 and 2019. Thus, the objective of our study is to assess the evolution of exclusive breastfeeding practices (EBP) in the first six months of life from 2005 to 2020 and the associated factors. Methodology This is a quantitative cross-sectional study using data from the Senegalese Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 2010 to 2019. The study covered the entire population of Senegal, particularly men, women aged 14–49 years, and children under five years. The DHS data used are available from the DHS Program STAT compiler database, (The DHS Program STATcompiler. Funded by USAID. http://www.statcompiler.com.). A secondary analysis of the 2017 Senegal Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data was done to identify key predictors of AME and the practice of giving water in addition to breast milk were done. All analyses were performed using Stata 15.1 software. Results The rate of AME was 47.2% among infants who received MSP versus 39.1% among those who did not (P = 0.007). Mothers who reported receiving breastfeeding counseling two days after delivery were 40% more likely to breastfeed exclusively up to six months than those who did not. (P = 0,003). Mothers who belong to the Wolof, Serer, and Soninke ethnic groups are 42% more likely to give water to infants under six months of age than mothers who belong to the Poular, Mandingue, and Diola ethnic groups (P = 0.0025). Adolescent mothers are more likely to give water to infants under six months of age than older mothers. Adolescent mothers were 2.7 times more likely to give water to infants under six months of age than were mothers aged 35–48 years (P < 0.001). Mothers who received postpartum breastfeeding counseling were 30% less likely to give water to infants younger than 6 months of age than mothers who did not receive breastfeeding counseling (P < 0.001). Discussion The results of this study will therefore be used to guide infant feeding awareness strategies for young women (mothers-to-be) to adhere to and continue exclusive breastfeeding up to six months as recommended by the World Health Organization.
The Effect of Psychodrama Therapy on Body-image Deficit among Iranian University Students
Authors: Karimi Aida , Karbalai Ahmad , Rohani Rambod Jafari 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Body image is a fundamental aspect of one's mental health and self-perception. Distorted body image can negatively impact one's quality of life, highlighting the need for effective interventions.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of psychodrama (PD) on body image among students at Tehran Azad University.
Methodology: Using a quasi-experimental approach, 30 students were randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The Littleton Body Image Questionnaire was used to measure body image. The experimental group participated in twelve 90-minute PD sessions, while the control group received no intervention.
Findings: Results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding participants' social body-image variable (F = 24/29, p-value < 0.0001). The experimental group had significant improvements in positive body image after psychodrama interventions.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that psychodrama can improve body image among Iranian university students. Future research should investigate the potential effectiveness of psychodrama on body image in larger and more representative samples.
Study on the Mediating Effect of Disease Acceptance on Community Self-efficacy and Social Isolation in Elderly with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: YuanRong Wu , Liao Su-Jung , Qiru Chen , Xiaoshuang Xu , Cai XinJian , Fang Yu-Wen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the status quo of disease acceptance, community self-efficacy, and social isolation in elderly patients with Parkinson’s Disease; to explore the influencing factors and the correlation among them; and to explore the mediating effect of disease acceptance between community self-efficacy and social isolation in elderly with Parkinson’s Disease.
Methods
Elderly patients with Parkinson's Disease in the outpatient clinics of two tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected using a general information questionnaire, Lubben Social Network Scale, Community Self-Efficacy Scale, and Disease Acceptance Scale. In total, 157 questionnaires were distributed, 142 of which were valid.
Result
The average community self-efficacy score of 142 elderly Parkinson’s patients was (11.03 ± 6.21); the average social network score was (13.29 ± 5.4); the average disease acceptance score was (23.56 ± 6.871); community self-efficacy of elderly Parkinson’s patients, social isolation, and disease acceptance (P < 0.01); community self-efficacy was negatively correlated with social isolation (r = 0.621, P < 0.01), community self-efficacy was positively correlated with disease acceptance ( r = 0.471, P < 0.01), disease acceptance was negatively correlated with social isolation (r = 0.387, P < 0.01). After adjusting for covariates, disease acceptance had a partial mediating effect on community self-efficacy and social isolation, with a direct effect size of 83.9% and a mediating effect size of 16.1%.
Conclusion
Disease acceptance, community self-efficacy, and social isolation in elderly PD patients are correlated. Disease acceptance has a partial mediating effect between community self-efficacy and social isolation in elderly Parkinson's patients. In order to achieve the purpose of helping elderly PD patients control symptoms, delay disease progression, and improve quality of life, they should be encouraged to actively integrate into society, the incidence of social isolation should be reduced, and community self-efficacy should be improved.
Response Of Diversity And Guild Structure Of Predatory Birds To Changes In Urban Variables at A Neotropical Megacity
Authors: Casas Daniel Montejo , Rosselli Ángela Parrado 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Negative effects of urbanization on bird diversity are widely known, however, recently there has been discussed about what is the best way of urbanizing to reduce such impacts and improve ecosystem services. Within this scope, the present research evaluated the response of the predatory bird community to changes in urban variables along the urban-forest gradient in the City of Bogotá D.C, in order to provide parameters that contribute to this discussion. For this purpose, characteristics of urban forest gradient were described according to urban planning variables of compact cities and green areas, such as composition and structure of plant cover, percentages of impervious surfaces, bare, and leaf litter cover, construction indices, compactness, density, to later evaluate their response on the diversity and guild structure of predatory birds along the gradient, through the realization of linear models. Variables such as the construction index showed a negative affect on the richness and equity of predatory birds, while its influence was positive on abundance of generalist trophic guilds, which proves negative effect of compact cities. However, the results show that management of green areas variables such as a reduced impervious surfaces cover, an increase in leaf litter cover, as well as a complex plant structure, with a predominance of native plant species, can contribute to favoring the diversity and guild structure of predatory birds, even in compact cities.
The Oral Symptom Assessment Scale (OSAS): criterion validation with the EORTC QLQ-OH15 and reliability testing
Authors: Cleary Niamh , Guerin Suzanne , Fagan Norah , Elaine Hyland , Davies Andrew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the criterion validity and reliability of the Oral Symptom Assessment Scale (OSAS) in patients with advanced cancer receiving specialist palliative care.
Methods
To examine criterion validity, participants completed the OSAS, EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-OH15. Twenty-four hours later participants repeated the OSAS to investigate test-retest reliability.
Results
54 participants were recruited (median age 70; range : 35–93 years). 51 complete datasets were obtained. Cohen’s kappa test was used to evaluate the agreement for the presence / absence of symptoms on the OSAS on the first and second days (test-retest reliability). This analysis showed values of moderate and higher for agreement for all symptoms. All kappa values were statistically significant. The test-retest reliability for symptom severity, frequency and distress was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were used to evaluate agreement between similar questions on the OSAS from day one and the EORTC QLQ-OH15 also on day one to examine criterion validity.
Conclusion
This study supports the validity of the OSAS, and provides evidence for the reliability of this novel oral symptom assessment tool, in patients with advanced cancer. Further research is needed to corroborate the findings of this study.
Trial registration
CancerTrials.gov registry registration no. : PM202166
Novel Sound Exposure Drives Dynamic Changes in Auditory Lateralization that are Associated with Perceptual Learning
Authors: Yang Lillian , Cabezas Bryan , Ovetsky Jonathan , Vicario David , Cataldo Basilio Furest 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Songbirds provide a model for studying adult plasticity in the auditory cortex as a function of recent experience due to its parallels with human auditory processing. As for human language, auditory processing in songbirds’ higher auditory cortex (caudomedial nidopallium, NCM) is lateralized for complex vocalization sounds. However, when Zebra finches are exposed to a novel heterospecific (canary) acoustic environment for a period of a few days, the typical pattern of right-lateralization is reversed. We now report that, in birds passively exposed to a novel heterospecific recording for extended periods (~21 days), the right-lateralized pattern of epidural auditory potentials reverses only transiently and then returns to the typical pattern. Using acute, bilateral multi-unit electrophysiology, we demonstrate that this dynamic pattern occurs in NCM. Furthermore, extended exposure enhances auditory discrimination for heterospecific stimuli. We conclude that lateralization is functionally labile and, when engaged by novel sensory experience, contributes to discrimination of novel stimuli that may be ethologically relevant.
Highly Efficient Single Photon Coupling via surface Plasmons into Single-Mode Optical Fiber
Authors: Riyazi Erfan , Esfandiar Ali , Siavashani Morteza Jafari , Vayghan Nader Sobhkhiz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Quanta of light (single photon) play as one of building blocks of photonic based quantum computations, sensing and communications. This makes a necessity to develop practical approaches for tuning, guiding and coupling of single photons in photonic circuits for viable applications. Interaction and coupling efficiency of Single photon into optical fibers is a technical bottleneck of quantum optics and should be addressed by novel design and materials. Here, we introduce a fiber-based micro-photonic design to directly and efficiently coupling of the emitted single-photon to the core of a single mode fiber (SMF), the results of simulation indicate that emission of single photon source on a D-shaped SMF coated by a thin plasmonic film, provide remarkable amplifying of evanescent field by confined surface plasmons into the SMF. The numerical analysis on different types and thicknesses of plamsonic materials by finite element method (FEM) is conducted to study the propagation vectors along the SMF as function of emission angle and wavelength of the single photon source. The results revealed that by optimum thickness of tantalum layer as novel plasmonic material, the best record of coupling efficiency as high as 60% can be achieved in fiber optic communication region (∼1550 nm). This approach shed a light on novel plasmonic assisted coupling and promises a functional strategy for single photon manipulating in various field of quantum optics.
Selective Isotropic Etching of SiO2 over Si3N4 using NF3/H2 Remote Plasma and Methanol Vapor
Authors: Gil Hong Seong , Kim Doo San , Jang Yun Jong , Kim Dea Whan , Kwon Hea In , Kim Gyoung Chan , Kim Dong Woo , Yeom Geun Young 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, an isotropic etching process of SiO2 selective to Si3N4 using NF3/H2/methanol chemistry was investigated. HF was formed using a NF3/H2 remote plasma, and in order to remove the F radicals, which induces spontaneous etching of Si-base material, methanol was injected outside the plasma discharge region. Through this process, etch products were formed on the surface of SiO2, and then the (NH4)2SiF6 was removed by following heating process. When the H and F radicals were abundant, the highest SiO2 etch per cycle (EPC) was obtained. And, the increase of H2 and methanol percentage in the gas chemistry increased the etch selectivity by decreasing the F radicals. The etch products such as (NH4)2SiF6 were formed on the surfaces of SiO2 and Si3N4 during the reaction step and no noticeable spontaneous etching by formation of SiF4 was observed. By optimized conditions, the etch selectivity of SiO2 over Si3N4 and poly Si higher than 50 and 20, respectively, was obtained while having SiO2 EPC of ~ 13 nm/cycle. It is believed that the cyclic process using NF3/H2 remote plasma and methanol followed by heating can be applied to the selective isotropic SiO2 etching of next generation 3D device fabrication.
A population-level computational histologic signature for invasive breast cancer prognosis
Authors: Amgad Mohamed , Hodge James , Elsebaie Maha , Bodelon Clara , Puvanesarajah Samantha , Gutman David , Siziopikou Kalliopi , Goldstein Jeffery , Gaudet Mia , Teras Lauren , Cooper Lee 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with variable survival outcomes. Pathologists grade the microscopic appearance of breast tissue using the Nottingham criteria, which is qualitative and does not account for non-cancerous elements within the tumor microenvironment (TME). We present the Histomic Prognostic Signature (HiPS), a comprehensive, interpretable scoring of the survival risk incurred by breast TME morphology. HiPS uses deep learning to accurately map cellular and tissue structures in order to measure epithelial, stromal, immune, and spatial interaction features. It was developed using a population-level cohort from the Cancer Prevention Study (CPS)-II and validated using data from three independent cohorts, including the PLCO trial, CPS-3, and The Cancer Genome Atlas. HiPS consistently outperformed pathologists’ performance in predicting survival outcomes, independent of TNM stage and pertinent variables. This was largely driven by stromal and immune features. In conclusion, HiPS is a robustly validated biomarker to support pathologists and improve prognosis.
DAIWN: Detection and Isolation of Wormhole Nodes in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Bhatti David Samuel , Saleem Shahzad , Imran Azhar , Kim HyunJung , Kim Ki-Il 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The wormhole attack is one of the most treacherous attacks projected at the routing layer that can bypass cryptographicmeasures and derail the entire communication network. It is too difficult to prevent a priori; all the possible countermeasures are either too expensive or ineffective. Indeed, literature solutions either require expensive hardware (typically UWB or secure GPStransceivers) or pose specific constraints to the adversarial behavior (doing or not doing a suspicious action). The proposed solution belongs to the second category because the adversary is assumed to have done one or more known suspicious actions. In this solution, we adopt a heuristic approach to detect wormholes in ad hoc networks based on the detection of their illicit behaviors. Wormhole and post wormhole attacks are often confused in literature; that’s why we clearly state that our methodology does not provide a defence against wormholes, but rather against the actions that an adversary does after thewormhole, such as packet dropping, tampering with TTL, replaying and looping, etc. In terms of contributions, the proposed solution addresses the knock-out capability of attackers that is less targeted by the researcher’s community. In addition, it neither requires any additional hardware nor a change in it; instead, it is compatible with the existing network stack. The idea is simulated in ns2.30, and the average detection rate of the proposed solution is found to be 98-99%. The theoretical time to detect a wormhole node lies between 0.07-0.71 seconds. But, from the simulation, the average detection and isolation time is 0.67 seconds. In term of packet loss, the proposed solution has a relatively overhead of ≈ 22%. It works well in static and mobile scenarios, but the frame losses are higher in mobile scenarios as compared to static ones. The computational complexity of the solution is O(n). Simulation results advocate that the solution is effective in terms of memory, processing, bandwidth, and energy cost. The solution is validated using statistical parameters such as Accuracy, Precision, F1-Score andMatthews correlation coefficient (Mcc).
Carbonated Drinks May Alleviate Oral Submucosal Fibrosis：Retrospective Analysis of outpatients in A Tropical Reefs Hospital
Authors: Qiu Xiaoqian , Chen Ruiyong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives The special geographical conditions of the tropical island or reefs restrict the oral health services of the stationed population. It is deserved attention whether there are specific oral health problems in the long-term stationed population.
Methods Data of 2 mouth outpatients of the dental department in a South-China-Sea reef hospital, 55 male, 26.35±3.98 y, were collected. The oral disease distribution and relationship with habits of the smoking, betel nut chewing, and carbonated drinking were analyzed.
Results The top three oral problems were dental calculus (67.27%), abnormal eruption of wisdom teeth (47.27%) and periodontitis (36.36%). dental calculus was correlated with periodontitis (r = 0.465, P = 0.000), beverage drinking habit (r = 0.277, P = 0.041), and betel nut chewing habit (r = -0.276, P = 0.041). 7 cases (12.7%) of Oral Submucosal Fibrosis (OSF) were diagnosed. Those who smoked more than 10 years and chewed betel nut every day for many years were more likely to develop OSF (P = 0.000). Those had carbonated beverage drinking habit had lower incidence of OSF (P = 0.002), even they chewing betel nuts or smoking.
Conclusions The residents in tropical islands and reefs are needed to pay more attention on the oral health conditions. Carbonated drinks may neutralize and alleviate the damage of betel nut alkaloids or nicotine to oral mucosa by inhibiting inflammation.
Clinical Relevance For the first time, it was observed that carbonated drinks might prevent the occurrence of OSF in betel-nut chewing and smokers, although its certainty and potential mechanism need to be clarified and explored.
Association between fasting glucose and liver stiffness measurement :Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey From 2017 to 2020
Authors: Zhao Jiageng , Zeng Qingyun , Zhu Muxing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:TyG-WC, are reliable predictors of mid to late stage fibrosis in the American adult population.However, the independent correlation between fasting glucose and liver fibrosis is still unclear. Our purpose is to explore the relationship between fasting glucose and liver fibrosis, so as to provide a simple and efficient monitoring index for early intervention and control of liver fibrosis.
Objective：Abnormal glucose metabolism can cause liver lesions, and fasting glucose is a biochemical indicator that is easy to obtain and easy to monitor.The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between fasting glucose and TE, so that fasting glucose can be used as a risk indicator for early warning of liver fibrosis, and a new treatment idea can be provided when reversing liver fibrosis-related treatment.
Methods：We collected the TE scores and fasting glucosedata of 3665 participants aged 18-80 between 2017-2020. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we conducted curve fitting and threshold effect analysis on them. After analyzing the inflection points and thresholds, we used hierarchical analysis on the variables that affected the relationship between them. Hierarchical analysis uses multivariate linear regression to evaluate the independent correlation between fasting glucose and TE scores after classification, and obtains how the risk level of liver fibrosis changes as fasting glucose increases.
Results: Using Group 1 as a reference in different models, it is found that when fasting glucose is greater than 4.11 mmol/L, for every 1mmol/L increase in fasting glucose, the risk of liver fibrosis increases1.162 fold.
WITHDRAWN: Ubiquitin promotes Escherichia coli HPI-induced duodenitis through the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Zhao Jingang , Yang Wei , Gao Bin , Wang Hao , Chen Liping , Shan Chunlan , Zhang Bo , Cha Jinlong , Shen Jue , Xiao Jinlong , Wang Shuai , Liu Gen , Zhao Ru , Xin Aiguo , Xiao Peng , Gao Hong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The high-pathogenicity island (HPI), carried by Yersinia pestis, is an essential pathogenic component of the virulence distributed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). As an NF-κB pathway activator, Ubiquitin (Ub) is crucial in the inflammatory response. However, the molecular mechanismsof Ub in the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway induced by HPI in E. coliis still unclear. In our experiment, Ub was overexpressed usingsmall intestinal epithelial cells (in vitro), and BALB/c mouse models (in vivo) infected with E. coli HPI and analysed by using qPCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and H&E staining assays. We demonstrated that E. coli HPI can promote the expression of TLR4, NF-κB, and Ub in. IPEC-J2 cells. Immunofluorescence and Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that TLR4 and NF-κB key factor in the E. coli HPI group were expressed, and the NF-κB p65 protein translocated to the nucleus. Further research showed that the mRNA expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, IL-1β, and TNF-α were significantly increased in the Ub overexpression group and BALB/c mice group. H&E staining assay showed that Ub overexpression with IPEC-J2 cells have thecharacteristics of elongated, rounded, fragmented, duodenal villi diminished, and the surface was covered with many sloughed necrotic cells, indicating that exacerbating cell damage and duodenitis. Taken together, this study suggested that E. coliHPI can activate NF-κB via increasing the expression of Ub, andUb can exacerbate E. coli HPI-induced duodenitis through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.