bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
European stakeholders’ perspectives on implementation potential of precision weed control: the case of autonomous vehicles with laser treatment
Authors: Tran Duc , Schouteten Joachim J. , Degieter Margo , Krupanek Janusz , Jarosz Wanda , Areta Alvaro , Emmi Luis , De Steur Hans , Gellynck Xavier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWeed control is a basic agricultural practice, typically achieved through herbicides and mechanical weeders. Because of the negative environmental impacts of these tools, alternative solutions are being developed and adopted worldwide. Following recent technical developments, an autonomous laser-based weeding system (ALWS) now offers a possible solution for sustainable weed control. However, beyond recent proof of performance, little is known about the adoption potential of such a system. This study assesses the adoption potential of ALWS, using a mixed-method approach. First, six macro-environmental factors regarding the adoption of ALWS were determined. This assessment is referred to as a Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental (PESTLE) analysis and is conducted in a form of a literature review initiated by expert consultations. Second, a range of European stakeholders’ perceptions of ALWS was evaluated in four focus-group discussions (n = 55), using a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT) analysis. The factors identified in the PESTLE and SWOT analyses were subsequently merged to provide a comprehensive overview of the adoption potential of ALWS. Labour reduction, precision treatment and environmental sustainability were found to be the most important advantages of ALWS. High costs and performance uncertainty were identified as the main weaknesses. To promote the adoption of ALWS, this study recommends the following: (1) Concrete performance results, both technical and economic, should be communicated to farmers. (2) Farmers’ knowledge of precision agriculture should be improved. (3) Advantage should be taken of policies that are favourable towards non-chemical methods and the high demand for organic products. This article also extensively discusses regulatory barriers, the risks posed to the safety of both humans and the machines involved, technological challenges and requirements, and policy recommendations related to ALWS adoption.
Visible Emission Line Spectroscopy of the Solar Corona During the 2019 Total Solar Eclipse
Authors: Muro Gabriel D. , Gunn Matt , Fearn Stephen , Fearn Tomos , Morgan Huw 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpectroscopic measurements of the low solar corona are crucial to understanding the mechanisms that heat the corona and accelerate the solar wind, yet the lowest solar radii ($R_{\odot }$

R
⊙

) of the corona are difficult to observe. Our expedition collected narrow wavelengths of visible light at 530.3, 637.4, and 789.2 nm emitted by Fe xiv, x, and xi ions, respectively, from the total solar eclipse on 2019 July 2 at 20:40 UTC in Rodeo, Argentina with a bespoke 3-channel spectrometer. This paper describes the instrument and data calibration method that enables diagnostics out to ${\approx}\,1.0~R_{\odot }$
≈

1.0

R
⊙

above the solar limb within a bright helmet streamer. We find that Fe x and xi lines are dominant through $0.3~R_{\odot }$
0.3

R
⊙

, with Fe xiv maintaining a stronger signal at higher elevations. Thermal line width broadening is consistent with 1.5 MK for the cooler Fe x, 2 MK for Fe xi, and 3 MK for the hotter Fe xiv line, which can be interpreted as differing density scale heights within isolated, isothermal flux tubes. The Doppler measurements correspond to bulk plasma motion ranging from −12 to +2.5 km s−1, with Fe xiv moving at nearly an assumed solid body rotation rate throughout $1.0~R_{\odot }$
1.0

R
⊙

. After considering coronal rotation, these measurements are likely associated with plasma motion along the dominant longitudinal orientation of the magnetic field at the streamer base within $0.4~R_{\odot }$
0.4

R
⊙

. These results show that high-resolution spectroscopy of visible light offers valuable diagnostics of the low corona, and lend insight into the interconnected loop complexity within helmet streamers.
Arguing about thought experiments
Authors: Horvath Joachim , Wiegmann Alex 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe investigate the impact of informal arguments on judgments about thought experiment cases in light of Deutsch and Cappelen’s mischaracterization view, which claims that philosophers’ case judgments are primarily based on arguments and not intuitions. If arguments had no influence on case judgments, this would seriously challenge whether they are, or should be, based on arguments at all—and not on other cognitive sources instead, such as intuition. In Experiment 1, we replicated Wysocki’s (Rev Philos Psychol 8(2):477–499, 2017) pioneering study on a Gettier-style case, and we confirmed that the informal arguments used by him had no significant effect. However, we also included an improved argument for ascribing knowledge, which did have a significant effect even in Wysocki’s original design. We therefore followed up with Experiment 2 on three Gettier-style cases, where we used a more natural dialogical format for presenting both case descriptions and informal arguments. Overall, we found a clear impact of prima facie good pro and con arguments on case judgments. The issue of argument impact is thus no obstacle to arguing about thought experiments.
Quantifying the Impact of 3D Pore Space Morphology on Soil Gas Diffusion in Loam and Sand
Authors: Prifling Benedikt , Weber Matthias , Ray Nadja , Prechtel Alexander , Phalempin Maxime , Schlüter Steffen , Vetterlein Doris , Schmidt Volker 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEffective diffusion is an important macroscopic property for assessing transport in porous media. Numerical computations on segmented 3D CT images yield precise estimates for diffusive properties. On the other hand, geometrical descriptors of pore space such as porosity, specific surface area and further transport-related descriptors can be easily computed from 3D CT images and are closely linked to diffusion processes. However, the investigation of quantitative relationships between these descriptors and diffusive properties for a diverse range of porous structures is still ongoing. In the present paper, we consider three different soil samples of each loam and sand for a total of six samples, whose 3D microstructure is quantitatively investigated using univariate as well as bivariate probability distributions of geometrical pore space descriptors. This information is used for investigating microstructure–property relationships by means of empirically derived regression formulas, where a particular focus is put on the differences between loam and sand samples. Due to the analytical nature of these formulas, it is possible to obtain a deeper understanding for the relationship between the 3D pore space morphology and the resulting diffusive properties. In particular, it is shown that formulas existing so far in the literature for predicting soil gas diffusion can be significantly improved by incorporating further geometrical descriptors such as geodesic tortuosity, chord lengths, or constrictivity of the pore space. The robustness of these formulas is investigated by fitting the regression parameters on different data sets as well as by applying the empirically derived regression formulas to data that is not used for model fitting. Among others, it turns out that a formula based on porosity as well as mean and standard deviation of geodesic tortuosity performs best with regard to the coefficient of determination and the mean absolute percentage error. Moreover, it is shown that regarding the prediction of diffusive properties the concept of geodesic tortuosity is superior to geometric tortuosity, where the latter is based on the creation of a skeleton of the pore space.
Nomogram for predicting the biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Sun Qi , Yang Yuan-Zhong , Yang Ping , Li Yong-Hong , Cao Yun , Chen Dong , Zhang Yijun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
A predictive model for biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PCa) after neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (nADT) has not been established. This study was aimed at determining multiparameter variables that could be used to construct a nomogram to predict the post-nADT BCR of PCa.

Methods
Overall, 43 radical prostatectomy specimens from PCa patients who had undergone nADT were collected. Multiparameter variables were analyzed by univariate and then multivariate logistic analyses to identify the independent prognostic factors for predicting BCR. The predictive model was established using Lasso regression analysis.

Results
Univariate logistic analysis revealed six variables, pathology stage; margins; categorization as group A, B, or C; nucleolus grading; percentage of tumor involvement (PTI); and PTEN status were significantly associated with the BCR of PCa (all p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that categorization as group C, severe nucleolus grading, PTI less than or equal to 5%, and PTEN loss were positively correlated with BCR (all p < 0.05). A nomogram comprising the four variables predicting BCR was constructed, and it exhibited good discrimination (AUC: 0.985; specificity: 86.2%; sensitivity: 100%). Calibration plots for the probability of freedom from BCR at 1 and 2 years showed a good match between the prediction by the nomogram.

Conclusions
We constructed and validated a nomogram to predict the risk of BCR in PCa patients after nADT. This nomogram is a complement to the existing risk stratification systems for PCa, which could have marked implications for clinical decision-making for PCa patients after nADT.
Validity of neural networks in determining lower limb kinematics in stationary cycling
Authors: Bini Rodrigo Rico , Nascimento Vitor Bertoli , Nibali Aiden 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Increasing access to marker-less technology has enabled practitioners to obtain kinematic data more quickly. However, the validation of many of these methods is lacking. Therefore, the validity of pre-trained neural networks was explored in this study compared to reflective marker tracking from sagittal plane cycling motion.

Methods
Twenty-six cyclists were assessed during stationary cycling at self-selected cadence and moderate intensity exercise. Standard video from their sagittal plane was obtained to extract joint kinematics. Hip, knee, and ankle angles were calculated from marker digitisation and from two deep learning-based approaches (TransPose and MediaPipe).

Results
Typical errors ranged between 1 and 10° for TransPose and 3–9° for MediaPipe. Correlations between joint angles calculated from TransPose and marker digitalization were stronger (0.47–0.98) than those from MediaPipe (0.25–0.96).

Conclusion
TransPose seemed to perform better than MediaPipe but both methods presented poor performance when tracking the foot and ankle. This seems to be associated with the low frame rate and image resolution when using standard video mode.
Vergleich der Effektivität von multiplen dynamischen Behandlungsstrategien unter Nutzung der Target-Trial-Emulierung
Authors: Kuehne Felicitas , Hallsson Lára , Arvandi Marjan , Puntscher Sibylle , Jahn Beate , Sroczynski Gaby , Siebert Uwe 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Therapieentscheidungen, die durch „Wenn-dann“-Algorithmen basierend auf bspw. Krankheitsverläufen oder vergangenen Therapien geregelt werden, sind dynamische Fragestellungen. Die Effektivität von dynamischen Therapiestrategien wird häufig mit Real World Data (RWD), d. h. Realdaten, untersucht. Einerseits bieten RWD ein großes Potenzial, da hiermit viele unterschiedliche in der Routineversorgung vorkommende Therapiestrategien analysiert werden können. Andererseits bergen Effektschätzer aus RWD-Analysen ein hohes Verzerrungspotenzial.

Ziel der Arbeit
Dieser Artikel beschreibt, wie dynamische Behandlungsstrategien mithilfe von RWD adäquat verglichen und damit die optimale Therapiestrategie identifiziert werden können.

Material und Methoden
Wir beschreiben, wie die Kombination aus drei Ansätzen eine kausale Interpretation der Ergebnisse erlaubt. Hierzu gehören (1) Kausaldiagramme, (2) Target-Trial-Emulierung sowie (3) statistische g‑Methoden. Der beschriebene kausale Ansatz und die genannten Begriffe und Konzepte werden erläutert und anhand eines Fallbeispiels verdeutlicht, in welchem untersucht wird, wann die antivirale Therapie bei behandlungsnaiven Patient:innen mit HIV-Infektion begonnen werden sollte.

Ergebnisse
Kausaldiagramme visualisieren kausale Prozesse, die der Datengenerierung zugrunde liegen. Sie helfen, Parameter zu identifizieren, die in der Analyse berücksichtigt werden müssen. Die Target-Trial-Emulierung simuliert eine randomisierte klinische Studie, indem alle möglichen dynamischen Strategien definiert, die Patientendaten kopiert („geklont“) und jede:r Patient:in jedem Behandlungsarm zugewiesen werden. In einer kausalen Per-Protokoll-Analyse werden alle Patient:innen, die das jeweilige Protokoll einer Behandlungsstrategie verletzen, zensiert. Durch g‑Methoden wird für informatives Zensieren adjustiert. Die erwarteten Outcomes jeder Behandlungsstrategie werden simuliert und miteinander verglichen.

Schlussfolgerung
Dynamische Behandlungsstrategien können mithilfe von RWD adäquat verglichen werden, wenn drei kausale Ansätze kombiniert werden und die erforderlichen Daten vorliegen. Diese Ansätze sind (1) Kausaldiagramme, (2) Target-Trial-Emulierung sowie (3) statistische g‑Methoden.
Soziale Teilhabe in Pflegeheimen während der COVID-19-Pandemie („coronavirus disease 2019“)
Authors: Plangger Bianca , Riedel Priya-Lena , Kulcar Vanessa , Juen Barbara 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die COVID-19 Pandemie (“coronavirus disease 2019”) stellt für den Gesundheitsbereich eine Herausforderung dar. Zur Bewältigung dieser durch angepasste Maßnahmen ist die Einbeziehung von betroffenen Gruppen zentral.

Ziel
Im Rahmen dieses Papers wird die wahrgenommene soziale Teilhabe von Mitarbeitenden in Altenpflegeeinrichtungen und Anpassungsmöglichkeiten von Maßnahmen sowie deren Bedeutung für Bewohnende und Angehörige während der Pandemie dargestellt.

Methodik
Von Juni 2021 bis März 2022 wurden 26 Leitfadeninterviews und zwei Fokusgruppen mit Mitarbeitenden und Bewohnenden deutschsprachiger Pflegeheime durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Eine klare Zielvorgabe war eine wesentliche Grundvoraussetzung der Krisenbewältigung. Teilhabeorientiertere Organisationen ermöglichten Mitarbeitenden Entscheidungsspielräume in der Zielerreichung. Hierdurch wurden mehr bedürfnisorientierte Anpassungen der Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen möglich.

Diskussion
Klare Krisenstrategien durch die Führungsebene bei gegebenen Teilhabemöglichkeiten Mitarbeitender können eine erfolgreiche Krisenbewältigung in Pflegeheimen fördern. Dadurch können Maßnahmen angepasst und das Wohlbefinden aller Betroffenen geschützt werden.
Ein Plädoyer für die Komfortzone
Authors: Schnack Quirin , Fladerer Martin P. , Schnitzler Katharina 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungNur eine verlassene Komfortzone ist eine gute Komfortzone. So zumindest die gegenwärtig vorherrschende gesellschaftliche Zuschreibung eines Raumes, der selten definiert wird. Dieser Beitrag setzt sich kritisch mit den Ursprüngen dieses Modells in der Erlebnispädagogik und der Organisationspsychologie auseinander, die bis heute das Denken darüber zu prägen scheinen. Daran anknüpfend beziehen die Autor:innen Stellung für die Aufwertung der Komfortzone und stellen erste Ideen vor, inwiefern diese in Zeiten der täglichen Herausforderungen als wertvolle Ressource des Kompetenzerlebens verstanden werden kann.
Warm Aging of Pre-aged AA6013 Sheet and Its Relevance to Room Temperature and Warm Forming Applications—Experimental and Modeling Analyses
Authors: DiCecco S. , Di Ciano M. , Baghbanaghaie N. , Esmaeili S. , Wells M. A. , Worswick M. J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWarm forming has been shown to be an effective way to increase the formability of various aluminum sheet alloys. If applied to precipitation hardenable alloys, aging and/or coarsening may occur during heating and/or forming processes. As such, there is a potential to leverage the warm forming process to artificially age precipitation hardenable alloys. In this study, the aging characteristics of a pre-aged Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy (designated AA6013-PA and comprising a 4 h, 100 °C pre-aging cycle following solutionization) were examined using: (i) room temperature tensile and (ii) bendability experiments, as well as (iii) elevated temperature tensile and formability experiments in the temperature range of 220-280 °C. In the pre-aged condition, the alloy exhibited very high work hardening, elongation and bendability. It was found that T6-like properties can be obtained with short duration secondary aging of the AA6013-PA starting temper (410 s at 235 °C), followed by a paint bake cycle (30 min at 177 °C). In such heavily aged conditions, the bendability is found to be moderate and consistent with a T6 temper. Bendability of the pre-aged alloy is shown to be enhanced by reducing the extent of aging, which may be beneficial for applications requiring energy absorption during crash, for example. In the pre-aged condition, AA6013 displayed a 55% improvement in room temperature formability, relative to the T6 condition, for near plane-strain loading using a Nakazima punch, although neither temper exhibited formability improvements through warm forming. The aging kinetics of AA6013-PA were determined from mechanical test data and used to calibrate an aging kinetics model. A strong obstacle model was used to relate precipitation state to yield strength, for artificial aging in the range 220-280 °C. The incremental strength increase due to exposure to an automotive paint cure cycle was also modeled and found to yield accurate results. Warm deformation, as well as room temperature deformation, were shown to enhance the paint bake response of the alloy, reducing the time to the peak aged condition by up to 14% for artificial aging at 177 °C.
Existential anxieties and right-wing populism in Europe—why people unconcerned by globalisation vote against it
Authors: Metten Anne , Bayerlein Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years several contributions have made the argument that right-wing populist voting is interrelated with individuals being negatively affected by globalisation. While there is certainly merit to this argument, it cannot explain why voters unconcerned by globalisation vote for right-wing populist parties. In this article we answer this question and argue that ontological insecurity or, the way we frame it, existential anxieties are a previously overlooked determinant of right-wing populist voting, as these anxieties make people vulnerable to right-wing populist crises narratives even when they are not affected by the crises. Using European Social Survey data for 12 Western European countries between 2004 and 2018, we construct a novel index that measures existential anxieties on the individual level. Our index shows (1) that existential anxieties increase the likelihood of right-wing populist voting and (2) that the fear fuelling narratives of these parties especially mobilise individuals with moderate globalisation attitudes.
Psychological Treatment of Exhaustion Due to Persistent Non-Traumatic Stress: A Scoping Review
Authors: van de Leur Jakob Clason , Jovicic Filip , Åhslund Andreas , McCracken Lance M. , Buhrman Monica 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Exhaustion due to persistent non-traumatic stress (ENTS) is a significant health problem with substantial personal, social, and economic impact. While there are increasing studies of ENTS, there is no international agreement on how it should be diagnosed and treated. This scoping review aimed to map definitions, diagnoses, treatments, outcome measures, and outcomes in psychological treatment studies of ENTS. A further aim was to assess the quality of the treatments and map what change processes are described within ENTS interventions.

Methods
A PRISMA-guided scoping review of psychological treatment studies delivered in a clinical setting for ENTS was conducted using the databases of PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL.

Results
Of the 60 studies included, the majority (87%) stemmed from Europe. The most recurrent term for ENTS was burnout, and the diagnosis most often utilized was exhaustion disorder. Several treatments were reported, the most frequent being cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (68%). Statistically significant outcomes relevant to ENTS were reported in 65% (n = 39) of the studies, with effect sizes between 0.13 and 1.80. In addition, 28% of the treatments were rated as high quality. The most frequent change processes described were dysfunctional sleep, avoidance, behavioral activation, irrational thoughts and beliefs, worry, perceived competence/positive management, psychological flexibility, and recuperation.

Conclusions
While several treatments based on CBT show promising results for ENTS, there do not seem to be any uniformly established methods, theoretical models, or change processes. Instead of adopting a monocausal, syndromal, and potentially bio-reductionist perspective on ENTS, a process-based approach to treatment is encouraged.
BRD4770 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via SUV39H2, but not EHMT2 to protect against neointima formation
Authors: Chen Tai-Qiang , Guo Xian , Huo Bo , Zhong Xiao-Xuan , Wang Qun-Hui , Chen Yue , Zhu Xue-Hai , Feng Gao-Ke , Jiang Ding-Sheng , Fang Ze-Min , Wei Xiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to the formation of neointima. We previously found that EHMT2 suppressed autophagy activation in VSMCs. BRD4770, an inhibitor of EHMT2/G9a, plays a critical role in several kinds of cancers. However, whether and how BRD4770 regulates the behavior of VSMCs remain unknown. In this study, we evaluate the cellular effect of BRD4770 on VSMCs by series of experiments in vivo and ex vivo. We demonstrated that BRD4770 inhibited VSMCs’ growth by blockage in G2/M phase in VSMCs. Moreover, our results demonstrated that the inhibition of proliferation was independent on autophagy or EHMT2 suppression which we previous reported. Mechanistically, BRD4770 exhibited an off-target effect from EHMT2 and our further study reveal that the proliferation inhibitory effect by BRD4770 was associated with suppressing on SUV39H2/KTM1B. In vivo, BRD4770 was also verified to rescue VIH. Thus, BRD4770 function as a crucial negative regulator of VSMC proliferation via SUV39H2 and G2/M cell cycle arrest and BRD4770 could be a molecule for the therapy of vascular restenosis.