bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Immune Modulatory Effects of Cyclotide-Enriched Viola tricolor Preparations
Authors: Retzl Bernhard , Zimmermann-Klemd Amy Marisa , Gründemann Carsten , Gruber Christian W. , Winker Moritz , Nicolay Sven 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Viola tricolor is a medicinal plant with documented application as an anti-inflammatory herb. The standard of care for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease is
immunosuppressive therapeutics or biologics, which often have undesired effects. We explored V. tricolor herbal preparations that are rich in an emerging class of phytochemicals with
drug-like properties, so-called cyclotides. As an alternative to existing inflammatory bowel disease medications, cyclotides have immunomodulatory properties, and their intrinsic stability
allows for application in the gastrointestinal tract, for instance, via oral administration. We optimized the isolation procedure to improve the yield of cyclotides and compared the cellular
effects of violet-derived organic solvent-extracts, aqueous preparations, and an isolated cyclotide from this plant on primary human T lymphocytes and macrophages, i.e., cells that are
crucial for the initiation and progression of inflammatory bowel disease. The hot water herbal decoctions have a stronger immunosuppressive activity towards proliferation,
interferon-γ, and interleukin-21 secretion of primary human T cells than a DCM/MeOH cyclotide-enriched extract, and the isolated cyclotide kalata S appears as one of the active
components responsible for the observed effects. This effect was increased by a longer boiling duration. In contrast, the DCM/MeOH cyclotide-enriched extract was more effective in reducing
the levels of cytokines interleukin-6, interleukin-12, interleukin-23, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C – X-C motif chemokine ligand 10, secreted by human monocyte-derived macrophages.
Defined cyclotide preparations of V. tricolor have promising pharmacological effects in modulating immune cell responses at the cytokine levels. This is important towards
understanding the role of cyclotide-containing herbal drug preparations for future applications in immune disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease.
Repeat bidirectional double-balloon enteroscopy 1 year later may be proper in Peutz-Jeghers patients with difficult-to-reach polyps
Authors: Funayama Yohei , Oguro Kunihiko , Sakamoto Hirotsugu , Yano Tomonori , Owada Jun , Kobayashi Takuma , Ono Yusuke , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Yamamoto Hironori 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Small-bowel polyps in patients with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) are sometimes difficult to reach using double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE). However, they can induce intussusception, especially when ≧15 mm. This study aimed to review the outcomes of patients with such polyps.
Patients and methods All patients with PJS with small-bowel polyps that bidirectional DBE failed to reach and were ≧5 mm as shown by DBE enterography at our institution from May 2006 to April 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. The endpoint was the earliest occurrence of symptomatic intussusception induced by the polyp, endoscopic removal by repeat DBE or intraoperative endoscopy, or the last medical record describing the patient’s condition.
Results This study included 27 polyps in 13 patients. All patients had extraluminal adhesions. None developed symptomatic intussusception, eight patients underwent endoscopic removal at repeat DBE without surgery, two patients underwent removal with intraoperative endoscopy, two patients were observed without polyp removal, and one patient had a polyp removed at repeat DBE and three unreachable polyps remained. Repeat DBE without surgery was able to remove 14 polyps (52%). Polyps ≧15 mm included 11 lesions in eight patients and were observed for a median of 14 months without symptomatic intussusception.
Conclusions The difficult-to-reach polyps may have a low risk of immediate symptomatic intussusception, possibly due to limited bowel mobility by extraluminal adhesions, and the likelihood of reaching them at repeat DBE was substantial. Hence, repeat DBE 1 year later may be proper in such patients with PJS.
Additional information obtained from mucosal biopsies is limited after pan-enteric capsule endoscopy in patients with suspected Crohn’s disease
Authors: Thomsen Sofia Hjerrild , Zinolabedinbik Pantea , Brodersen Jacob Broder , Knudsen Torben , Kjeldsen Jens , Jensen Michael Dam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Pan-enteric capsule endoscopy (CE) is
an emerging alternative to ileo-colonoscopy for diagnosing Crohn’s disease (CD). However, CE
does not offer the opportunity to take biopsies to support the diagnosis. This study examined
the additional information obtained with mucosal biopsies and the feasibility of CE as a
single diagnostic procedure.
Patients and methods This retrospective study was based on a
prospective, blind multicenter trial in which patients with suspected CD were examined with
ileo-colonoscopy plus segmental biopsies and CE. Histopathological findings were compared to
the result of CE.
Results A total of 107 patients with a complete CE were included
in the analysis. CE was consistent with CD in 44 patients (41.1%) and ulcerative colitis in 10
patients (9.3%). Histopathology confirmed the result of CE in 39.3% of patients and added new
diagnostic information in 6.5% of patients. A CE consistent with CD was histologically
confirmed in 20.5% of patients. Biopsies most often showed non-specific inflammation (61.4%).
Only one patient with a normal CE had a specific histological diagnosis (microscopic colitis).
Biopsies altered the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis to CD in two patients, and in two
patients with a normal CE, biopsies showed CD or ulcerative colitis. In one patient with
lymphoma in the terminal ileum and cecum, CE was misinterpreted as CD.
Conclusions In patients with suspected CD and an evident result
of CE, the additional information obtained from biopsies is limited, and CE as a single
diagnostic procedure might be feasible in selected patients. Biopsies are warranted, however,
in patients with an atypical endoscopic appearance or suspected malignancy.
Assembling Nitroamino and Amino Groups on a Pyrazolyl-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Framework for the Construction of High-Performance and Insensitive Energetic Materials
Authors: Tang Yongxing , Zeng Zhiwei , Zhao Zichang , Yin Zhaoyang , Tang Mingjie , Liu Yuji , Huang Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe introduction of nitroamino groups onto a nitrogen-rich heterocyclic skeleton is an efficient method for constructing high-performance energetic compounds. In this work, the nitroamino-functionalized compound 4-(5-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-N,N′-dinitro-1H-pyrazole-3,5-diamine was synthesized in yields of up to 83%. In addition, its energetic salts were also prepared. All these compounds were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy and, in two cases, by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, the difference in the reactivities of the three amino groups on the pyrazolyloxadiazole system was analyzed by an average local ionization energy analysis. The hydrazinium salt of the diamine exhibits promising detonation properties and good molecular stability, suggesting it has good application potential. Compared with previous works, this strategy gives an improved isolated yield and provides a promising method for the construction of nitroamino-functionalized 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives.
Individualized Homeopathic Medicines in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Trial
Authors: Bhattacharyya Soumya , Chatterjee Chandrima , Saha Subhranil , Naskar Satyajit , Bhattacharya Pulakendu , Alam Sk Monsur , Sengupta Sumana , Ahamed Sabir , Shaikh Abdur R. , Koley Munmun , Ghosh Priyanka , Mukherjee Shyamal K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction This study aimed at examining the feasibility issues of comparing individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) with identical-looking placebos for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods Forty eligible patients participated in this double-blind, randomized (1:1), placebo-controlled feasibility trial in the outpatient clinics of a homeopathic hospital in West Bengal, India. Either IHMs or identical-looking placebos were administered, along with mutually agreed-upon concomitant care guidelines. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was the primary outcome measure, along with derived Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores from KOOS. The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were the secondary outcomes. All were measured at baseline and after 2 months. Group differences and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were estimated using an intention-to-treat approach. p-Values less than 0.05 (two-tailed) were considered statistically significant.
Results Enrolment/screening and trial retention rates were 43% and 85% respectively. Recruitment was difficult owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown. Group differences were statistically significant, favoring IHMs against placebos in all the KOOS sub-scales: symptoms (p < 0.001), pain (p = 0.002), activities of daily living (p < 0.001), sports or recreation (p = 0.016), and quality of life (p = 0.002). Derived WOMAC scores from KOOS favored IHMs against placebos: stiffness (p < 0.001) and pain (p < 0.001). The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire score (p < 0.001) and EQ-5D-5L VAS scores (p < 0.001) also yielded significant results, favoring IHMs over placebos. All the effect sizes ranged from moderate to large. Sulphur was the most frequently prescribed homeopathic medication. Neither group reported any harm or serious adverse events.
Conclusion Although recruitment was sub-optimal due to prevailing COVID-19 conditions during the trial, the action of IHMs was found to be superior to that of placebos in the treatment of knee OA. Larger and more definitive studies, with independent replications, are warranted in order to substantiate the findings.
Trial registration: CTRI/2021/02/031453.
A Perspective on How Fibrinaloid Microclots and Platelet Pathology May be Applied in Clinical Investigations
Authors: Pretorius Etheresia , Kell Douglas B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMicroscopy imaging has enabled us to establish the presence of fibrin(ogen) amyloid (fibrinaloid) microclots in a range of chronic, inflammatory diseases. Microclots may also be induced by a variety of purified substances, often at very low concentrations. These molecules include bacterial inflammagens, serum amyloid A, and the S1 spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Here, we explore which of the properties of these microclots might be used to contribute to differential clinical diagnoses and prognoses of the various diseases with which they may be associated. Such properties include distributions in their size and number before and after the addition of exogenous thrombin, their spectral properties, the diameter of the fibers of which they are made, their resistance to proteolysis by various proteases, their cross-seeding ability, and the concentration dependence of their ability to bind small molecules including fluorogenic amyloid stains. Measuring these microclot parameters, together with microscopy imaging itself, along with methodologies like proteomics and imaging flow cytometry, as well as more conventional assays such as those for cytokines, might open up the possibility of a much finer use of these microclot properties in generative methods for a future where personalized medicine will be standard procedures in all clotting pathology disease diagnoses.
Autogenous Vein Graft as a Conduit for Nerve Regeneration - An Experimental Study
Authors: Kumar Dr. Amarendra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study is based on earlier experimental work of similar nature carried out by David T. Wchin in 1982 and experimented to find out if autogenous vein graft can act as a successful conduit for nerve regeneration. Twenty adult healthy guinea pigs were divided into different groups. Operative, histopathological and electrophysiological studies stretching over to 10 months period were then carried out. Results of experiments conducted are tabulated and presented and compared with previously conducted studies.
Reuse of Microsuture Material
Authors: Gahankari Dr. Dilipkumar , Godghate Dr. Madhavi , Lalwani Dr. Nimmi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDescribed here is simple technique of reusing micropoint needles and left over broken pieces of 8-0 and 10-0 monofilament nylon.These sutures so prepared are then available for use in experimental laboratory microsurgery work resulting in substantial saving on costs.
Free Latissimus Dorsi Flap for Lower Limb Defects
Authors: Tiwari Dr. V.K. , Goel Dr. Arun , Srivastava Dr. J.L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLarge defects, soft tissue or composite, in foot ankle and lower 1/3rd of leg, are difficult to treat. With advent of fasciocutaneous flaps, inferiorly based fasciocutaneous flaps have gained popolarily in such repairs. It is not always possible to raise such flaps and alternative has to be then considered.In competent and experienced hands free flaps are dependable, and offer a single stage repair. 26 free Latissimus Dorsi mycontaneous flaps are raised in present series, and used for variety of reconstructions in lower limbs.
The effects of foreign product demand-labor transfer nexus on human capital investment in China
Authors: Hu Hui , Zhu Yuqi , Lee Chien-Chiang , Morrison Alastair M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing about 73,000 individuals’ data in China, this research, for the first time, analyzes the impact of labor transfer (LT) caused by foreign product demand (FPD) on human capital investment. Two-stage least squares estimation with the instrumental variable is applied and produced three findings. First, the FPD-LT model illustrates that with FPD increasing, more labor transfers from the agricultural sector to the non-agricultural sector. Second, working in the non-agricultural sector requires higher-level skills than in the agricultural sector. LT from agricultural sector to non-agricultural sector motivates people to invest more in human capital and promotes gender equality in human capital investment. Third, labor transferring from the agricultural sector to the non-agricultural sector enhances individuals’ income, leading to the increase of children’s human capital investments. The better-educated people make greater investment in their children’s human capital, exacerbating intergenerational inequality.
Use of interpretive machine learning and a crop model to investigate the impact of environment and management on soybean yield gap
Authors: Nehbandani Alireza , Filippi Patrick , Alizadeh-Dehkordi Parisa , Dadrasi Amir , Soltani Afshin 
Published: September 2023

Context Management and environmental conditions are the main factors influencing yield of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Despite an increase in average soybean yield in recent years in Iran, a considerable gap remains between actual yield and potential yield. Aims The objective of this study was to identify critical climate and management factors affecting soybean yield in Iran’s major soybean production area. Methods A combination of machine learning approaches (using gradient boosted decision trees, XGBoost) and the SSM-iCrop2 simulation model was used. Critical management factors affecting soybean yield were determined through interpretive machine learning using information collected from 268 soybean fields over a 5-year period. Potential yield and water-limited potential yield at six weather stations were estimated for 30 years via the SSM-iCrop2 simulation model. Water limitation was determined by considering the ratio of water-limited yield potential to potential yield, and heat stress status was quantified as the number of days with maximum temperature >36°C during the soybean growing season. Key results The XGBoost models adequately described the observed changes in soybean yield. Root-mean-square error and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient values of the calibrated model were 262 kg ha−1 and 0.96, respectively, which indicated that the predictor variables could describe most of the variation in soybean yield for the studied dataset. Conclusions We identified 15 climatic and management variables that affect soybean yield. A large part of the studied area is under high water stress and low heat stress. Implications Optimal planting date and improved irrigation management are the main options for reducing the yield gap in the study area.
A naïve inquiry into translation between Aboriginal languages in
pre-Invasion Australia
Authors: Pym Anthony 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Was there translation between Australian
Aboriginal languages prior to the European Invasion dated from 1788?
The evidence from archeological research and the accounts of early
European settlers would suggest that there were no specialized
translators as such between Aboriginal languages, no specific
communicative solution that could be called translation in the
post-Renaissance Western sense of the term, and no evidence of a
dominant lingua franca that might have acted as an alternative
communication solution. Instead, we find ample reference to polyglot
speakers, to multilingual meeting places for trade, ceremony and
dispute resolution, to multilingual narratives, and the use of local sign
languages, smoke signals, bush tracks and message sticks, all of
which could help in the performance of communication across language
borders. Taken together, these practices suggest interlingual
communication flows based not on conveying a message clearly or
quickly, but on multilayered interlingual practices based on respect
for the territorial embeddedness of languages and the active,
informed interpretation of data. Unlike Western calls for ever more
translations across ever more languages, Indigenous practices might
enhance sustainability by teaching us to respect linguistic
diversity, translate less, and think more.
Maryse Condé and the Alternative Nobel Prize of 2018
Authors: Lindqvist Yvonne 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Inspired by the methodological framework of

histoire croisée
, this
paper examines the bibliomigrancy of the French Caribbean author
Maryse Condé. To this end, four major causal series of events
leading up to her nomination and selection for the 2018 Alternative
Nobel Prize in Literature are analyzed. The first causal series of
events consists of the translation bibliomigrancy of French
Caribbean fiction to Sweden over the past 40 years. The second
causal series of events briefly covers the authorship of Maryse
Condé and her reception in Sweden. The third causal series follows
the effects and repercussions of the cancellation of the Nobel Prize
in Literature in 2018, as well as the particular consequences
related to the reorganization of the Royal Swedish Academy. The
fourth causal series of events entails the foundation of the “New
Academy” and the Alternative Nobel Prize in Literature. Closing
remarks discuss Maryse Condé’s chances of being awarded the regular
Nobel Prize in Literature.
The tidalectics of translation
Authors: Saint-Loubert Laëtitia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter aims to contribute to debates on
non-market-centric, more equitable, sustainable routes of
transnational literary circulation, particularly for those
literatures originally produced, translated, disseminated and
distributed in fragilized ecosystems. To this end, it proposes an
epistemological move away from traditional core-periphery, Global
North-Global South paradigms. Rather than adopting a market-oriented
approach, it aims to rethink Translation Studies from the
perspective of the complex, varied and fragile ecosystems of the
Caribbean. In relation to flows from and beyond the Caribbean, it
will concentrate on Kamau Brathwaite’s ‘tidalectics’ (or ‘tidal
dialectic[s]’) to envisage more sustainable flows of transnational
literary circulation and rethink acts and processes of translation
within their ‘natural’, vulnerable contexts of emergence (Brathwaite, 1983).
Combining translation policy and imagology
Authors: Gentile Paola 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter establishes a connection between the fields of translation policy and imagology to scrutinize the strategies employed by governmental organizations in their support of literary translations. It aims to investigate the role of these strategies in facilitating cultural transfers and shaping evolving perceptions of a country internationally. An overview of the policy by the Dutch
Foundation for Literature in transnational events will be followed
by an examination of promotional strategies employed by the Italian
publisher Iperborea. The similarities between the advertising
material employed by the DFL and the images used by Iperborea to
promote Dutch literature in Italy will be illustrated by means of
paratexts1 and a series of interviews with relevant stakeholders.
Videoconference interpreting goes multimodal
Authors: Zhang Xiaojun , Corpas Pastor Gloria , Zhang Jing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recent times have witnessed an unprecedent surge of
distant modalities of interpreting (remote, videoconference, etc.). The
tendency has been particularly noticeable since the onset of the COVID-19
pandemic. Most scholarly research has explored the implications and
applications of video technology for interpreting, its potential advantages
and shortcomings. By contrast, this paper analyses the multimodal nature of
videoconference interpreting (VCI) and its opportunities for research.
Inspired by human bimodal perception and multi-sensory integration, our
proposal adheres to the subfield of meeting content analysis as a convenient
way to help interpreters prepare for a given meeting and provide a better
user experience. Our main aim is to come up with a core list of key features
and resources that may be used to inform the development of VCI technology
and multilingual conference support applications in the future.
Conference interpreting and technology
Authors: Jayes Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
2020 and 2021 have been hugely disruptive years for
conference interpreting. A global health pandemic has been a catalyst for
the deployment of technological solutions, and given renewed impetus to new
and innovative forms of service delivery. In the midst of this huge paradigm
shift in the external environment, public institutions with interpreting
services have reacted either by adopting an accelerated rate of
technological innovation, or by compromising on their commitment to the
provision of multilingual meetings.
The transition out of this crisis mode will require a
deep and levelheaded examination of the future of conference interpreting,
both in the institutional sector and in the wider context. The difficulties
of delivering a high-quality service during an epidemiological outbreak have
thrown a spotlight on the business continuity shortcomings of conventional
interpretation provision, but leave some key questions still to be answered.
Most notably, whether and in what manner remote interpreting should be
sustained in a routine business environment.
At the same time, a burgeoning external market for hybrid
and remote meetings, combined with growing acceptance among high-quality
conference interpreters, who are increasingly familiar with remote
interpreting, may democratise and improve the accessibility of interpreting
services to a broader number of clients, to the benefit of language
availability at international meetings.
This paper gives the perspective of the European
Parliament’s interpreting service on the key trends and obstacles to
overcome in the short to mid-term.