bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal investment in health when lifetime is stochastic, or, rational agents do not often follow health recommendations
Authors: Bolin Kristian , Caputo Michael R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere exists considerable evidence that people do not often follow the health recommendations issued by health authorities. It might be tempting to think that not following health recommendations is a sign of irrationality and that behavioral considerations are required in order to explain such behavior. Despite this temptation, and using a general health‐capital model which accounts for the consumption of many goods, a stock of health and investment in it, as well as an agent's random lifetime and accumulation of wealth, it is shown that such seemingly irrational decisions are in fact consistent with rational, forward‐looking, decision making. Moreover, it is shown, among other things, that the prototypical assumptions employed in the literature imply that rational agents invest more in their health at each point in time than that which minimizes the conditional probability of dying at that point in time, and thus lack sufficient explanatory reach.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review
Authors: Norero Blanca , Bosch Jaume , Berzigotti Annalisa , Rodrigues Susana G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground/AimsTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may improve access to curative therapies, treat portal hypertension (PH)‐related complications without worsening liver function, and increase overall survival. Data on the efficacy and safety of TIPS to treat PH complications in HCC patients, as well as the HCC treatment response, were evaluated.MethodsStudies reporting efficacy in controlling bleeding/ascites or response to HCC therapy, safety, and survival in patients with HCC and TIPS were searched systematically on PubMed and Embase. An extraction of articles using predefined data fields and quality indicators was used.ResultsWe selected 19 studies and found 937 patients treated for ascites/bleeding and 177 evaluating HCC treatment response. Over half were under 5 cm and solitary lesions, and most studies included tumours with portal vein thrombosis. Regarding PH studies, TIPS resolved bleeding/ascites in >60% of patients, more effective for bleeding. There were no lethal complications reported and procedural bleeding occurred in <5%. Hepatic encephalopathy occurred in 15%–30% within three months. In the HCC treatment‐response studies, major complication rates were low with no mortality. In the studies that evaluated the response to transarterial chemoembolization, complete response rate of patients with TIPS varied from 16% to 75%. Liver transplantation rate varied from 8% to 80%, with >40% rate in half of the studies.ConclusionsIn the published studies, TIPS is effective in treating PH complications in patients with HCC. Prospective studies on TIPS placement in patients with HCC are urgently needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TIPS in this setting.
Spinors in (Anti-)de Sitter Space
Authors: Schaub Vladimir 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We explore analytical aspects of correlators involving Dirac spinors in d + 1-dimensional de Sitter space. Adapting the formalism of Sleight and Taronna, we show how to relate processes involving fermions in the in-in formalism to equivalent Witten diagrams in (complexified) Euclidean anti-de Sitter space. We exemplify the method for a fermion-exchange diagram. We establish a positive spectral decomposition over the principal series of the Wightman function of two spinors, showing the consequences of unitarity.
On the master space for brane brick models
Authors: Kho Minsung , Seong Rak-Kyeong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We systematically study the master space of brane brick models that represent a large class of 2d (0, 2) quiver gauge theories. These 2d (0, 2) theories are worldvolume theories of D1-branes that probe singular toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. The master space is the freely generated space of chiral fields subject to the J- and E-terms and the non-abelian part of the gauge symmetry. We investigate several properties of the master space for abelian brane brick models with U(1) gauge groups. For example, we calculate the Hilbert series, which allows us by using the plethystic programme to identify the generators and defining relations of the master space. By studying several explicit examples, we also show that the Hilbert series of the master space can be expressed in terms of characters of irreducible representations of the full global symmetry of the master space.
Integument colouration and circulating carotenoids in relation to urbanisation in Eurasian kestrels (Falco tinnunculus)
Authors: Sumasgutner Petra , Nilles Tom , Hykollari Alba , de Chapa Manuela Merling , Isaksson Caroline , Hochleitner Lukas , Renner Swen , Fusani Leonida 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Urbanisation is one of the biggest environmental challenges of our time, yet we still lack an integrative understanding of how cities affect behaviour, physiology and parasite susceptibility of free-living organisms. In this study, we focus on carotenoids, strictly dietary micronutrients that can either be used as yellow-red pigments, for integument colouration (signalling function), or as antioxidants, to strengthen the immune system (physiological function) in an urban predator, the Eurasian kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). Kestrels are specialised vole hunters but shift to avian prey in cities where diurnal rodents are not sufficiently available. This different foraging strategy might determine the quantity of carotenoids available. We measured integument colouration, circulating carotenoids in the blood and ectoparasite burden in kestrels along an urban gradient. Our results showed that nestlings that were raised in more urbanised areas displayed, unrelated to their ectoparasite burden, a paler integument colouration. Paler colours were furthermore associated with a lower concentration of circulating carotenoids. These findings support the hypothesis that the entire urban food web is carotenoid deprived and only prey of low quality with low carotenoid content is available (e.g. fewer carotenoids in urban trees, insects, small birds and finally kestrels). The alternative hypothesis that nestlings allocate carotenoids to reduce physiological stress and/or to cope with parasites rather than invest into colouration could not be supported. Our study adds to existing evidence that urban stressors negatively affect carotenoid production in urban areas, a deficiency that dissipate into higher trophic levels.
Cut elimination by unthreading
Authors: Pulcini Gabriele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe provide a non-Gentzen, though fully syntactical, cut-elimination algorithm for classical propositional logic. The designed procedure is implemented on $$\textsf{GS4}$$

GS
4

, the one-sided version of Kleene’s sequent system $$\textsf{G4}$$

G
4

. The algorithm here proposed proves to be more ‘dexterous’ than other, more traditional, Gentzen-style techniques as the size of proofs decreases at each step of reduction. As a corollary result, we show that analyticity always guarantees minimality of the size of $$\textsf{GS4}$$

GS
4

-proofs.
Classification of solutions to $$-\Delta u={u^{-\gamma }}$$ in the half-space
Authors: Montoro Luigi , Muglia Luigi , Sciunzi Berardino 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe provide a classification result for positive solutions to $$-\Delta u=\frac{1}{u^\gamma }$$

-
Δ
u
=

1

u
γ

in the half space, under zero Dirichlet boundary condition.
A characterization of the individual maximum and anti-maximum principle
Authors: Arora Sahiba , Glück Jochen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAbstract approaches to maximum and anti-maximum principles for differential operators typically rely on the condition that all vectors in the domain of the operator are dominated by the leading eigenfunction of the operator. We study the necessity of this condition. In particular, we show that under a number of natural assumptions, so-called individual versions of both the maximum and the anti-maximum principle simultaneously hold if and only if the aforementioned domination condition is satisfied. Consequently, we are able to show that a variety of concrete differential operators do not satisfy an anti-maximum principle.
GK-1 effectively reduces angiogenesis and prevents T cell exhaustion in a breast cancer murine experimental model
Authors: Hernández-Aceves Juan A. , Cervantes-Torres Jacquelynne , Torres-García Diana , Zuñiga-Flores Francisco J. , Patiño-Chávez Osiris J. , Peña Agudelo Jorge A. , Aguayo-Flores José Eduardo , Garfias Yonathan , Montero-León Laura , Romero-Romero Laura , Pérez-Torres Armando , Fragoso Gladis , Sciutto Edda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is the leading malignancy in women worldwide, both in terms of incidence and mortality. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the type with the worst clinical outcomes and with fewer therapeutic options than other types of breast cancer. GK-1 is a peptide that in the experimental model of the metastatic 4T1 breast cancer has demonstrated anti-tumor and anti-metastatic properties. Herein, GK-1 (5 mg/kg, i.v.) weekly administrated not only decreases tumor growth and the number of lung macro-metastases but also lung and lymph nodes micro-metastases. Histological analysis reveals that GK-1 reduced 57% of the intra-tumor vascular areas, diminished the leukemoid reaction's progression, and the spleens' weight and length. A significant reduction in VEGF-C, SDF-1, angiopoietin-2, and endothelin-1 angiogenic factors was induced. Moreover, GK-1 prevents T cell exhaustion in the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) decreasing PD-1 expression. It also increased IFN-γ and granzyme-B expression and the cytotoxic activity of CD8+ TILs cells against tumor cells. All these features were found to be associated with a better antitumor response and prognosis. Altogether, these results reinforce the potential of GK-1 to improve the clinical outcome of triple-negative breast cancer immunotherapy. Translation research is ongoing towards its evaluation in humans.
Marine diets of anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) in Svalbard, Norway
Authors: Bengtsson Olof , Lydersen Christian , Christensen Guttorm , Węsławski Jan Marcin , Kovacs Kit M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuring summer, native anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and the alien species pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) now coexist in marine environments in Svalbard, following the introduction of the latter in the Barents Region. To investigate potential dietary competition between these two salmonid species, stomach contents from Arctic char (n = 301) and pink salmon (n = 28) were sampled from different areas within the archipelago. The most important prey in terms of biomass for both salmonid species were amphipods; Themisto libellula (B = 26.0%) for Arctic char and Onisimus litoralis (B = 35.0%) for pink salmon. Pianka’s niche overlap revealed that dietary overlap between the two species was moderately high (Oobs = 0.59); both species had strong associations with intertidal invertebrates in areas where direct comparisons were possible (Kongsfjorden/Krossfjorden). However, both salmonid species did also eat some fish, with Arctic char consuming more offshore pelagic fish, while the small number of fish eaten by pink salmon were primarily coastal demersal fish species. Arctic char was a more generalist feeder, while pink salmon was more of a dietary specialist. Furthermore, the diet composition of the Arctic char consisted of 32.9% Atlantic prey while the pink salmon, surprisingly, ate only Arctic species, likely due to their tightly coastal feeding habits. Even though the sample size for pink salmon was low, this study contributes new insights into salmonid diets in Svalbard and the potential for introduced species to compete with native Arctic endemics, particularly in the expected warmer Arctic of the future.
Heat-evolved microalgal symbionts increase thermal bleaching tolerance of coral juveniles without a trade-off against growth
Authors: Quigley Kate M. , Alvarez-Roa Carlos , Raina Jean-Baptiste , Pernice Mathieu , van Oppen Madeleine J. H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlobal climate change is threatening the persistence of coral reefs as associated summer heatwaves trigger the loss of microalgal endosymbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) from the coral tissues, or coral bleaching. We infected aposymbiotic juveniles of the coral Acropora tenuis with either wildtype (WT10) or heat-evolved (SS1 or SS8) Symbiodiniaceae strains Cladocopium proliferum (formerly referred to as Cladocopium goreaui and Cladocopium C1acro). After 10 months at 27 °C, SS8-juveniles were 2 × larger than SS1- or WT10-juveniles. In response to a simulated heatwave (31 °C for 41 days), the WT10-juveniles bleached and showed a decline in respiration while cell densities and respiration in both SS-juvenile groups remained unchanged compared to the controls. These results reveal that some heat-evolved strains can increase the bleaching tolerance of juvenile corals without a trade-off against growth. This response is opposite to the lower nutrient provisioning often reported for naturally thermotolerant Symbiodiniaceae (e.g. genus Durusdinium), thereby offering enhanced fitness to the host without the ecological consequences of diminished growth.
Strongyloidiasis in humans and dogs in Southern Italy: an observational study
Authors: Paradies Paola , Digiaro Serena , Colella Antonella , Greco Beatrice , Recchia Alessandra , Prato Marco Giuseppe , Mazzi Cristina , Losurdo Giuseppe , Di Leo Alfredo , Formenti Fabio , Buonfrate Dora 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStrongyloidiasis is a clinical issue both in humans and in dogs. Moreover, there are concerns about its zoonotic potential. We aimed to explore Strongyloides stercoralis epidemiology in Southern Italy in humans and dogs sharing the same environment in three different settings: (1) kennels (group K); (2) livestock farms (group L) and (3) agricultural farms (group A). For humans, a commercial ELISA test was used for screening. RT-PCR on faecal samples was done for people testing positive or equivocal at serology. On dog’s faecal samples, Baermann test and RT-PCR were performed. A total of 145 dogs and 139 persons were tested. Based on faecal tests in dogs and serology in humans, a S. stercoralis positivity of 4.1% and 6.5% was revealed, respectively. The sites where cases were found were different for animals and humans. In dogs the highest positivity was in group K (6.7% against 2% and 0% in L and A). Differently, in humans the proportion of positive results was similar between the groups (p = 0.883). Fifty percent (3/6) of positive dogs were healthy; the other dogs presented weight loss and/or diarrhoea. ELISA-positive persons (n=9) were all in health, but abdominal pain (37.5%), urticaria (22.2%) and asthma (22.2%) were reported, resolving after treatment with oral ivermectin 200 μg/kg. RT-PCR performed on 13 human faecal samples resulted negative. These findings suggest that strongyloidiasis is present in humans and dogs in Southern Italy, and screening in larger cohorts would be needed for more accurate estimates.
One size doesn’t fit all: Attitudes towards work modify the relation between parental leave length and postpartum depression
Authors: Chang Christine Y. , Liu Sabrina R. , Glynn Laura M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental leave length and maternal depressive symptoms at six- and twelve-months postpartum and whether this relation was influenced by women’s attitudes towards leave, whether leave was paid or unpaid, and the reason they returned to work. The sample included 115 working women recruited during pregnancy as part of a larger longitudinal study. Analyses revealed that maternal attitudes toward leave influenced the association between leave length and depressive symptoms. Specifically, longer leaves were associated with increased depressive symptoms for women who missed their previous activities at work. Furthermore, women who missed work and had leave for 16 weeks or more, exhibited higher depressive symptoms at six- and twelve-months. Last, results also indicated that women who returned to work solely for monetary reasons exhibited more depressive symptoms at six-months postpartum than those who returned to work for other reasons. This study is among the first to show that women’s attitudes towards parental leave and their individual reasons for returning to work are important factors to consider that may have potential implications for parental leave policies.
General and local predictors of mandibular cortical bone morphology in adult females and males: the seventh survey of the Tromsø Study
Authors: Teterina Anna , Niratisairak Sanyalak , Morseth Bente , Bolstad Napat 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To analyze factors predicting mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) in adult females and males.

Material and methods
Data on 427 females and 335 males aged 40–84 from The Tromsø study: Tromsø7 were used. T-score, age, menopausal status (for females), remaining teeth, and periodontal status were analyzed in linear and logistic regression analyses as predictors of MCW and MCI, respectively.

Results
T-score, age, and the number of remaining teeth significantly predicted MCW in females but not males. Standardized β coefficients were 0.286, −0.231, and 0.131, respectively. The linear regression model explained 24% of MCW variation in females. MCI in females was significantly predicted by T-score, age, and remaining teeth with the Wald values of 9.65, 6.17, and 5.83, respectively. The logistic regression model explained 16.3−23% of the variation in MCI in females. In males, T-score was the only significant predictor of the eroded cortex, and the logistic model explained only 4.3–5.8% of the variation in MCI.

Conclusions
The T-score demonstrated a stronger relationship with MCW and MCI than other factors in females, which supports the usefulness of those indices for osteoporosis screening. Conversely, the T-score exhibited no association with MCW and remained the only significant predictor of MCI in males, yet to a lesser extent than in females.

Clinical relevance
Understanding factors affecting mandibular cortical morphology is essential for further investigations of MCW and MCI usefulness for osteoporosis screening in females and males.
Candidate Key Proteins in Tinnitus: A Bioinformatic Study of Synaptic Transmission in Spiral Ganglion Neurons
Authors: Gross Johann , Knipper Marlies , Mazurek Birgit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo study key proteins associated with changes in synaptic transmission in the spiral ganglion in tinnitus, we build three gene lists from the GeneCard database: 1. Perception of sound (PoS), 2. Acoustic stimulation (AcouStim), and 3. Tinnitus (Tin). Enrichment analysis by the DAVID database resulted in similar Gene Ontology (GO) terms for cellular components in all gene lists, reflecting synaptic structures known to be involved in auditory processing. The STRING protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and the Cytoscape data analyzer were used to identify the top two high-degree proteins (HDPs) and their high-score interaction proteins (HSIPs) identified by the combined score (CS) of the corresponding edges. The top two protein pairs (key proteins) for the PoS are BDNF-GDNF and OTOF-CACNA1D and for the AcouStim process BDNF-NTRK2 and TH-CALB1. The Tin process showed BDNF and NGF as HDPs, with high-score interactions with NTRK1 and NGFR at a comparable level. Compared to the PoS and AcouStim process, the number of HSIPs of key proteins (CS > 90. percentile) increases strongly in Tin. In the PoS and AcouStim networks, BDNF receptor signaling is the dominant pathway, and in the Tin network, the NGF-signaling pathway is of similar importance. Key proteins and their HSIPs are good indicators of biological processes and of signaling pathways characteristic for the normal hearing on the one hand and tinnitus on the other.
Graphical Abstract
A matheuristic approach for the family traveling salesman problem
Authors: Nourmohammadzadeh Abtin , Sarhani Malek , Voß Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the family traveling salesman problem (FTSP), there is a set of cities which are divided into a number of clusters called families. The salesman has to find a shortest possible tour visiting a specific number of cities from each of the families without any restriction of visiting one family before starting the visit of another one. In this work, the general concept of the Partial OPtimization Metaheuristic Under Special Intensification Conditions is linked with the exact optimization by a classical solver using a mathematical programming formulation for the FTSP to develop a matheuristic. Moreover, a genetic and a simulated annealing algorithm are used as metaheuristics embedded in the approach. The method is examined on a set of benchmark instances and its performance is favorably compared with a state-of-the-art approach from literature. Moreover, a careful analysis of the specific components of the approach is undertaken to provide insights into the impact of their interplay.
Originality, influence, and success: a model of creative style
Authors: Borowiecki Karol Jan , Mauri Caterina Adelaide 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCreative workers strive to achieve success and influence by producing original output. In this paper we define and measure originality and influence, based on a new model of style. We apply the methodology to Western classical music composed since the 15th century, and test it using extensive data on the content of musical compositions, popular success, and biographical information. We find that more original composers tend to be more influential upon the work of their later peers and more successful with present-day audiences. A positive association between originality and influence also holds across works by a given composer.
Applications of the Wide Reflective Equilibrium
Authors: Helms Kevin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe wide reflective equilibrium (WRE) is considered the most important method of ethical justification and is intensively discussed in the scientific community. However, it is unclear to what extent it is actually applied in the ethical literature. The objective of this paper is to fill this gap by providing a critical overview of its explicit applications. Explicit application refers to studies that, following Daniels’ definition, contain three levels, name their elements, and provide a connection between the levels. Philosophers Index, ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for studies that explicitly used the WRE method and were written in German or English. All topics, disciplines, and publication forms were considered. Nineteen studies were found in which the WRE was applied 23 times. In the 23 applications, 50 equilibria were discussed, and 19 times it was reported that an equilibrium state was reached. The authors applied the WRE in various disciplines, for different purposes, and to diverse topics. The applications themselves differed considerably regarding the application procedure and the scope. Differences can be seen in particular with regard to the presentation of the adjustment process and the WRE criteria used. The results indicate that the WRE can be successfully applied, but the number of explicit applications is still very low. Further research is needed to develop the WRE into an established method of justification. In particular, standards are needed for adjustment and for WRE criteria.