bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for designing and testing the effectiveness of a post caesarean section home care guide in preventing surgical site infection in Central Tanzania
Authors: Mdoe Mwajuma Bakari , Mselle Lilian Teddy , Kibusi Stephen Mathew 
Published: June 2023

Background
The advantages of caesarean section (CS) in managing obstetric emergencies are abundant, but it is associated with several complications including surgical site infection (SSI). SSI significantly contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality rates. Mothers often do not receive adequate information about their at-home post-delivery care. Also, guidelines on post-CS care worldwide typically do not include home care recommendations. Because of the increased rate of CS and space constraints in the hospitals, mothers are often discharged home within 48 hours after CS. Therefore, it is anticipated that using an evidence-based home care guide would provide instruction to the mothers and is likely to prevent postpartum complications and promote the well-being of both the mother and the newborn.

Aim
To design and test the effectiveness of a post-CS home care guide in preventing SSI in central Tanzania.

Methodology
This is a sequential exploratory mixed-method interventional study conducted in two regional referral hospitals in central Tanzania. A qualitative study will be conducted to explore the experiences of nurse midwives, mothers who had caesarean deliveries and their caretakers regarding the care of mothers and newborns at home. The findings will inform the development of a post-CS home care guide. Following a series of validations of the guide, research assistants will employ the guidelines to instruct post-CS mothers about home care as part of the intervention. Thirty participants will purposively be recruited for the qualitative study and a random sample of 248 nurse-midwives and 414 post-CS mothers to assess the effectiveness of the guide in improving knowledge of home care and preventing SSI. SPSS version 25 will be used to analyse quantitative data and content analysis, and ATLAS.ti will guide in analysing the qualitative data.

Conclusion
The post-CS home care guide will provide instructions to post-CS mothers and their caretakers about the care of the mothers after CS to enhance their recovery.
A Bayesian approach to estimate the probability of resistance to bedaquiline in the presence of a genomic variant
Authors: Anlay Degefaye Zelalem , Rivière Emmanuel , Tu Pham Hien Trang , Abrams Steven , Van Rie Annelies 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundBedaquiline is a core drug for treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Few genomic variants have been statistically associated with bedaquiline resistance. Alternative approaches for determining the genotypic-phenotypic association are needed to guide clinical care.MethodsUsing published phenotype data for variants inRv0678,atpE,pepQandRv1979cgenes in 756Mycobacterium tuberculosisisolates and survey data of the opinion of 33 experts, we applied Bayesian methods to estimate the posterior probability of bedaquiline resistance and corresponding 95% credible intervals.ResultsExperts agreed on the role ofRv0678, andatpE, were uncertain about the role ofpepQandRv1979cvariants and overestimated the probability of bedaquiline resistance for most variant types, resulting in lower posterior probabilities compared to prior estimates. The posterior median probability of bedaquiline resistance was low for synonymous mutations inatpE(0.1%) andRv0678(3.3%), high for missense mutations inatpE(60.8%) and nonsense mutations inRv0678(55.1%), relatively low for missense (31.5%) mutations and frameshift (30.0%) inRv0678and low for missense mutations inpepQ(2.6%) andRv1979c(2.9%), but 95% credible intervals were wide.ConclusionsBayesian probability estimates of bedaquiline resistance given the presence of a specific mutation could be useful for clinical decision-making as it presents interpretable probabilities compared to standard odds ratios. For a newly emerging variant, the probability of resistance for the variant type and gene can still be used to guide clinical decision-making. Future studies should investigate the feasibility of using Bayesian probabilities for bedaquiline resistance in clinical practice.
The weekend effect in kidney transplantation outcomes: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Haifeng , Yi Yi , Xiao Tan , Li Aiqing , Liu Yongfei , Huang Xiaoli 
Published: June 2023

Objective
To determine whether kidney transplants performed during weekends have worse outcomes than those performed during weekdays.

Methods
For this systematic review, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (January 2000 to January 2023) were searched. We examined the survival rates of patients and grafts for hospital inpatients admitted during weekends and those admitted during weekdays. To be included, the study had to be in English and had to provide discrete survival data around weekends versus weekdays, including patients who were admitted as inpatients over the weekend.

Results
Five studies (n = 163,506 patients) were examined. The hazards ratio (HR) of the survival rate of patients with weekend transplantation was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96 to 1.06) when compared with patients with weekday transplantation. Patients who had renal transplant on weekends had an overall allograft survival HR of 1.01 (95% CI, 0.99 to 1.03) and death-censored allograft survival HR of 1.01 (95% CI, 0.98 to 1.04). Comparison of length of hospital stay, rejection, surgical complications, and vascular complications between renal transplants on weekends and those on weekdays showed no statistical difference.

Conclusion
Hospital inpatients admitted for renal transplantation during weekends have a survival rate similar to that of inpatients admitted during weekdays. The weekend effect of renal transplantation was very weak; hence, transplantations done during weekends and weekdays are both appropriate.
Case report of hepatic retiform hemangioendothelioma: A rare tumor treated with ultrasound-guided microwave ablation
Authors: Qin Tian-Tian , Cao Li-Ting , Lu Li-Xia , Wang Xiu-Li , Zhang Jiu-Cong , Li Bin , Yu Xiao-Hui , Ren Xiao-Long 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Retiform hemangioendothelioma (RH) is a type of low-grade malignant angiosarcoma. It commonly involves the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the lower extremities, but a few cases have been reported in the gut. However, hepatic RH has not been previously reported. This report presents the case of RH of the liver in a 61-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital having presented with liver space–occupying lesions of 2 months evolution. The patient underwent an abdominal ultrasound examination, which indicated a hemangioma, but abdominal computed tomography diagnosed a liver abscess. In order to determine the nature of the lesion, an ultrasound-guided liver biopsy was performed, after which a pathological diagnosis confirmed the presence of RH in the liver. The patient underwent ultrasound-guided microwave ablation three times and has been followed up for 8 years with no tumor recurrence or metastasis. Surgical excision is still the first choice for the treatment of hepatic RH. As shown in this case, however, for patients who refuse to undergo surgery or have surgical contraindications, ultrasound-guided microwave ablation is an alternative treatment option. The report of this case expands the scope of liver tumors to a certain extent and provides a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
A comprehensive and detailed within-host modeling study involving crucial biomarkers and optimal drug regimen for type I Lepra reaction: A deterministic approach
Authors: Nayak Dinesh , Chhetri Bishal , Vamsi Dasu Krishna Kiran , Muthusamy Swapna , Bhagat Vijay M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Leprosy (Hansen’s disease) is an infectious, neglected tropical disease caused by the Mycobacterium Leprae (M. Leprae). About 2,02,189 new cases are diagnosed worldwide each year. Lepra reactions are an off shoot of leprosy infection causing major nerve damage leading to disability. Early detection of lepra reactions through the study of biomarkers can prevent subsequent disabilities. Motivated by these observations, in this study, we have proposed and analyzed a three-dimensional mathematical model to capture the dynamics of susceptible schwann cells, infected schwann cells, and the bacterial load based on the pathogenesis of leprosy. We did the stability analysis, numerical simulations, and also performed the sensitivity analysis using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, partial rank correlation coefficient, and Sobol’s index methods. We later performed the optimal control studies with both multi-drug therapy and steroid interventions as control variables. Finally, we did the comparative and effectiveness study of these different control interventions.
Successive intertwining of young consumers’ reliance on social media influencers
Authors: Tsourela Maria 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study investigates young consumers’ reliance on social media influencers (SMIs) in the context of social commerce. With regard to the four streams of influencer endorsement – influencer credibility, influencer attractiveness, match-up, and meaning transfer – we propose that they can either lead to a direct consumer reliance on SMIs’ suggestions for their purchasing decisions, or that attitudes toward SMIs mediate the relationship. By integrating both directions of partial- and no-attitude mediation, the proposed model explores all associations in order to better understand connections and driving forces between endorsement streams, attitudes, and reliance. We introduce the concept of reliance on SMIs, understood here as the degree to which young individuals base their preferences, lifestyles, and purchasing decisions upon SMIs. A research model was validated by examining 809 young individuals. The results reveal that attitude formation is affected by all four endorsement streams, and fully mediates the relationship between these endorsement streams and young people’s reliance on SMIs. The differentiated reliance levels by gender and age confirm that females and teenagers tend to rely more on SMIs. The current study offers the first evidence for a relationship between the four endorsement streams and reliance on SMIs via attitude formation in the context of social media networking, as well as the association of reliance with sociodemographic characteristics.
Effect of noble bacteria Ochrobactrum intermedium (Alhpa-22) on decolorization of methyl orange dye in a bioreactor
Authors: Mishra Anshuman , Singh Dhananjay , Singh Ram Sharan , Singh Deepak , Mishra Vinay , Giri Balendu Shekher 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study Ochrobactrum intermedium (Alhpa-22) was isolated from petroleum refinery sludge and characterized by using 16rRNA. In experimentation, for decolrization of methyl orange dye an indigenous noble bacterial ochrobactrum intermedium (Alhpa-22) at 35 °C has been used in a bioreactor. The ochrobactrum bacterial decolorized methyl orange dye having the concentration of 50 mgL−1 by 87 % within 9 days, which is a very encouraging result. decolorization of methyl orange dye by the isolated bacteria was elucidated using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The experimental data were fitted first and zero order kinetics models which show degradation of dye follows first order kinetics in presence of Lysinibacillus fusiformis KLm1, bacterial ochrobactrum intermedium (Alhpa-22) and mix consortia of Lysinibacillus fusiformis KLm1 and ochrobactrum intermedium (Alhpa-22). The rate constant were estimated to be 0.017 h−1, 0.020 h−1 and 0.014 h−1 respectively. Due to its higher decolorizing capability these may be used for the bioremediation of methyl orange dye (azo dye).
Green SÖP Extended: The Socio-Ecological Panel Surveys 2020 and 2022
Authors: Frondel Manuel , Matejko Leonie , Osberghaus Daniel , Sommer Stephan , Vance Colin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The proliferation of instruments targeted at combatting climate change necessitates evidence-based evaluation to identify strategies that are not only effective and cost-efficient, but also supported by the population. In Germany, the data needed to support such analysis is scarce, however. A rare exception is Green SÖP, a panel data set that was established within the project Eval-MAP funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Green SÖP encompasses household data collected by the survey institute forsa over four years, spanning 2012–2015. The BMBF-funded project Eval-MAP 2 extended the Green SÖP panel data set by two additional surveys conducted in 2020 and 2022, covering both mitigation and adaptation behavior.
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone due to hypothalamic hamartoma: use of tolvaptan
Authors: Moon Rebecca Jane , Soliman Maisara , Hoogenboom Lieke , Gilbert Rodney D. , Bird-Lieberman Georgina , Singh Jaspal , Bockenhauer Detlef , Kumaran Anitha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) typically presents with gonadotrophin-dependent precocious puberty and/or seizures. Other endocrine disturbances are rare. We describe an infant with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) and a HH.

Case presentation
A 6-week-old infant presented with seizures and life-threatening hyponatremia. A HH was identified on magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical examination and biochemistry were consistent with SIADH, and serum copeptin was high during hyponatremia, further supporting this diagnosis. Tolvaptan was effective in normalizing plasma sodium and enabling liberalization of fluids to ensure sufficient nutritional intake and weight gain and manage hunger.

Conclusions
Hyponatremia due to SIADH is novel at presentation of a HH, and can be challenging to diagnose and manage. Successful management of hyponatremia in this case was achieved using tolvaptan.
An approach for an extension of the deflagration model in containment code system COCOSYS to separate burned and unburned atmosphere via junctions
Authors: Hoffrichter Johannes , Koch Marco K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In case of a postulated severe accident in a water-cooled nuclear power plant significant amounts of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) can be generated and released into the containment or reactor building where it might form a combustible mixture with air assuming passive autocatalytic recombiners are not available. In case of ignition, pressure peaks might occur, that are relevant for the integrity of safety relevant equipment and the containment or reactor building. It is therefore important for safety analysis to be able to correctly predict combustion phenomena that might occur. The accident analysis code AC2 2021.0 which is developed by Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) includes the Containment Code System (COCOSYS version 3.1) for the simulation of containment phenomena. COCOSYS contains the model FRONT for the simulation of premixed deflagration of H2 and CO. Recent code validation using H2 deflagration tests conducted in the multi-compartment THAI+ test facility shows that the flame propagation stops prematurely in simulations of some tests. This is partly attributed to the missing separation of burned and unburned atmosphere which leads to a reduction in fuel concentration in not yet burning zones connected to a burning zone. Model improvement potential was identified which is addressed in this paper. A model extension to separate burned and unburned atmosphere via a junction model is proposed and implemented into a development version of COCOSYS 3.1. First validation results using the THAI test HD-39 are discussed that show improved prediction capability by the extended model.
Influence of tool pin shape and rotation speed for friction stir spot welding of AZ91 magnesium alloy sheets
Authors: Ekinci Omer , Balalan Zulkuf 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Light weight design is believed one of the most effective ways to enhance performance, reduce fuel consumption and harmful gases for air and land vehicles. Hence, welding lightweight metals like magnesium alloys is very important. Friction stir spot welding joints of 2 mm thick AZ91 magnesium alloy sheets by overlapping two of them were performed utilizing two welding tools having conical and triangular pin at 800, 1200 and 1600 revolution per minute (rpm) tool rotational velocities for each tool to identify the pin shape and rotation speed impact on microstructure and mechanical features of the created joints. The stir zones of the joints contained smaller grains, therefore had higher hardness in comparison to AZ91 base metal, thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ). The lowest hardness values were found in HAZ of the welds. Hardness fell slightly with a rise in rotation speed for both tools because of more heat input. Strength of the joints manufactured applying the triangular pin tool was better because this pin mixed materials better, thus created joints with bigger welding area and greater hardness. The strongest weld was fabricated by applying triangular pin tool and 1600 rpm.
Fluorescence enhancement of PbS colloidal quantum dots from silicon metasurfaces sustaining bound states in the continuum
Authors: Liu Li , Wang Ruxue , Sun Yuwei , Jin Yi , Wu Aimin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) can be considered a promising lighting material, but their emission performance is mired by defect sites, strong photo-induced activity, and interaction with the environment. Here, we utilize periodic silicon metasurface sustaining a symmetry-protected bound state in the continuum to enhance the near-infrared emission of PbS CQDs at room temperature. In the experimental investigation, it is observed that the fluorescence of the coated PbS CQDs is enhanced by 10 times by the fabricated metasurface, and the emission peak has a quality factor up to 251 at wavelength 1408 nm. Meanwhile, the potential of this work in sensing is demonstrated by showing that the enhanced emission is disturbed by the introduction of sparse gold nanoparticles. In all, this work confirms that dielectric metasurfaces sustaining bound states in the continuum can be adopted to efficiently improve the emission performance of PbS CQDs which may find various practical applications including on-chip silicon-based optical sources and integrated sensors.
Brownian and thermal diffusivity impact due to the Maxwell nanofluid (graphene/engine oil) flow with motile microorganisms and Joule heating
Authors: Algehyne Ebrahem A. , Rehman Sadique , Ayub Rashid , Saeed Anwar , Eldin Sayed M. , Galal Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Nanofluids have many applications in industries as well as engineering such as biomedicine, manufacturing, and electronics. Nanofluid is used for improvement of thermal and mass transmission. Based on the aforementioned applications, in the present study, a two-dimensional Maxwell nanofluid with thermal radiation effect on the existence of motile microorganisms over a vertically stretchable surface is explored. The consequence of heat absorption, the efficiency of heat flux in a porous medium, viscous dissipations, and Joule heating impacts are considered. The Brownian and thermophoretic diffusion effects have been evaluated. In addition, the binary chemical reaction is taken into account to evaluate the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) mixed convection flow. Graphene nanoparticles are suspended in so-called engine oil (base fluid). The proposed liquid model depends on the governing nonlinear equations of velocity, temperature, the concentration of nanoparticles, and motile gyrotactic microorganisms. In order to transform highly nonlinear partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, an appropriate similarity transformation is exploited. For the solution of the present study, the homotopy analysis method-technique in Mathematica-12 is used. The fluctuation of velocity, temperature, concentration, and gyrotactic microorganisms’ characteristics for numerous flow parameters is discussed in detail. Some important fallouts of the existing study are that the Maxwell liquid parameter, Eckert number, and magnetic parameter lessen the nanoliquid velocity. But the fluid temperature becomes higher for growing estimates of the Brownian motion and thermophoretic factors. The radiation and chemical reaction parameters have declining impacts on the solutal profile. The motile microorganism profile shows a decrement in bioconvection Lewis and Rayleigh numbers. The nanofluid thermal profile is improved but the nanofluid velocity declined through the augmentation of volume fraction. Also, the coefficient of skin friction and Nusselt number are obtained versus various flow parameters.
Word-level prosodic and metrical influences on Hawaiian glottal stop realization
Authors: Davidson Lisa , Parker Jones Oiwi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Previous research on the phonetic realization of Hawaiian glottal stops has shown that it can be produced several ways, including with creaky voice, full closure, or modal voice. This study investigates whether the realization is conditioned by word-level prosodic or metrical factors, which would be consistent with research demonstrating that segmental distribution and phonetic realization can be sensitive to word-internal structure. At the same time, it has also been shown that prosodic prominence, such as syllable stress, can affect phonetic realization. Data come from the 1970s–80s radio program Ka Leo Hawaiʻi. Using Parker Jones’ (Parker Jones, Oiwi. 2010. A computational phonology and morphology of Hawaiian. University of Oxford DPhil. thesis) computational prosodic grammar, words were parsed and glottal stops were automatically coded for word position, syllable stress, and prosodic word position. The frequency of the word containing the glottal stop was also calculated. Results show that full glottal closures are more likely at the beginning of a prosodic word, especially in word-medial position. Glottal stops with full closure in lexical word initial position are more likely in lower frequency words. The findings for Hawaiian glottal stop suggest that prosodic prominence does not condition a stronger realization, but rather, the role of the prosodic word is similar to other languages exhibiting phonetic cues to word-level prosodic structure.
Study on the water ingestion performance of compressor with inlet particle separator
Authors: Luo Mingcong , Yu Yonghao , Liu Aocheng , Yan Shilin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
For an aero turbo-shaft engine, rain water enters the intake protection device and the morphology of water droplets after hitting the wall will affect the internal flow of the compressor. In this paper, Sommerfeld number was used to determine the shape of water droplets after they hit the wall. The flow field and characteristics of the compressor with inlet particle separator under different water ingestion conditions were studied with considering the impact of water film and droplets splashing near the wall. The results show that the entry of water droplets deteriorates the internal flow field of the compression component, and the water film affects the flow state of the airflow near the wall. Compared to the effect of the splashing factor, the viscous resistance effect of water film near the wall on the airflow and boundary layer can cause a significant reduction in the characteristics and stability of the compressor.