bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the relationships between social presence and teaching presence in online video‐based learning
Authors: Chen Xiuyu , Feng Shihui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundVideo‐based learning (VBL) is the learning process of acquiring defined knowledge, competence, and skills with the systematic use of video resources. Currently, the relationship between teaching presence and social presence in VBL is underexamined.ObjectivesThis study examined the relationships between social presence and teaching presence indicators in VBL.MethodsWe analysed social presence based on 3456 danmaku data (synchronised on‐screen comments) and teaching presence based on the video content from eight pre‐recorded database lectures on Bilibili. The eight lectures were categorised into theory‐ and application‐oriented sessions. We analysed the static relationships and temporal patterns between social presence and teaching presence in theory‐ and application‐oriented sessions respectively using bipartite network analysis and cross‐correlation analysis.ResultsWe identified the teaching presence indicators that had a high frequency of co‐occurrence with students' social presence, including “conducting informative demonstrations” in application‐oriented sessions and “offering useful illustrations” in theory‐oriented sessions. The most frequently observed social presence indicator was “social sharing”, which co‐occurred frequently with most teaching presence indicators in both theory‐ and application‐oriented sessions.ConclusionsWe identified the significant associations between indicators of teaching presence and social presence in VBL from both static and temporal perspectives. These indicators exhibited varying levels of association between theory‐ and application‐oriented sessions.ImplicationsThis study contributes to the theoretical understanding of the relationships between teaching presence and social presence, which can benefit teaching practice and course design in VBL. Course instructors are suggested to incorporate the identified teaching presence aspects to enhance students' social presence in VBL.
The social domains organization of mentalizing processes in adolescents: a contribution to the conceptualization of personality function and dysfunction in young people
Authors: Hill Jonathan , Fonagy Peter , Osel Tiziana , Dziobek Isabel , Sharp Carla 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundWe propose and evaluate a contribution to the conceptualization and assessment of personality functioning based on social domains and mentalizing hypotheses. Social domains are distinct social contexts, such as with acquaintances and friends, with differentiated expectations regarding participants' behaviours and social attributions. The capacity to organize social participation according to these expectations requires the ability, we suggest, to modulate mentalizing processes domain by domain. Drawing on evidence that social domain organization is impaired in borderline personality disorder (BPD) and that hypermentalizing, a heightened interpretation of others' motives, thoughts or emotions, is elevated in adolescent BPD, we hypothesized that hypermentalizing levels in adolescents will vary by social domain and that elevated BPD features will be associated with impairment of this domain organization of hypermentalizing.MethodsMeasures including the borderline personality features scale for children (BPFSC) and the movie for the assessment of social cognition (MASC) were administered to 171 adolescents aged 12–17 recruited from public schools and community organizations in a large metropolitan area in southwestern United States. Mean hypermentalizing scores were computed for adolescent interpretations of sequences in the MASC focusing on the social domains of acquaintance, friends and romantic interactions.ResultsThere was a progressive increase in hypermentalizing scores across the acquaintance, friends and romantic interactions (repeated measures ANOVA, p < .001, all pairwise comparisons, p ≤ .02), which was markedly reduced in the presence of elevated BPD features (interaction term, p = .007).ConclusionsHypermentalizing is organized according to social domain and this organization is impaired in the presence of elevated BPD features. The findings are consistent with the proposal that personality functioning entails a social domains organization of hypermentalizing, which is impaired in personality dysfunction. Identifying mentalizing processes domain by domain has the potential to create a personalized focus for the treatment of adolescents with personality difficulties.
Development of symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder from preschool to adolescence: the role of bullying victimization and emotion regulation
Authors: Nobakht Habib Niyaraq , Steinsbekk Silje , Wichstrøm Lars 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundChildhood oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is associated with adverse outcomes which can continue to impair life well into adulthood. Identifying modifiable etiological factors of ODD is therefore essential. Although bullying victimization and poor emotion regulation are assumed to be risk factors for the development of ODD symptoms, little research has been conducted to test this possibility.MethodsA sample (n = 1,042) from two birth cohorts of children in the city of Trondheim, Norway, was assessed biennially from age 4 to 14 years. Parents and children (from age 8) were assessed with clinical interviews to determine symptoms of ODD, children reported on their victimization from bullying, and teachers reported on children's emotion regulation.ResultsOppositional defiant disorder symptoms increased from age 4 to 6, from age 8 to 10, and then started to wane as children entered adolescence. A Random Intercept Cross‐Lagged Panel Model revealed that increased emotion regulation predicted a reduced number of ODD symptoms across development (β = −.15 to −.13, p < .001). This prediction was equally strong for the angry/irritable and argumentative/defiant dimensions of ODD. No longitudinal links were observed between bullying victimization and ODD symptoms.ConclusionsImproving emotion regulation skills may protect against ODD symptoms throughout childhood and adolescence.
Early disease intervention with guselkumab in psoriasis leads to a higher rate of stable complete skin clearance (‘clinical super response’): Week 28 results from the ongoing phase IIIb randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, GUIDE study
Authors: Schäkel K. , Reich K. , Asadullah K. , Pinter A. , Jullien D. , Weisenseel P. , Paul C. , Gomez M. , Wegner S. , Personke Y. , Kreimendahl F. , Chen Y. , Angsana J. , Leung M. W. L. , Eyerich K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundGuselkumab is an interleukin (IL)‐23 inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy in patients with psoriasis.ObjectivesEvaluate the impact of early disease intervention on clinical responses following 28 weeks of guselkumab treatment in patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis. Correlate clinical response and disease duration data with serum biomarker data.MethodsGUIDE is a phase IIIb randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, multicentre study of adults with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis. In study part 1, patients with a short disease duration (SDD [≤2 years]) or a long disease duration (LDD [>2 years]) received guselkumab 100 mg at Week (W) 0, 4, 12, and 20. Those achieving complete skin clearance at W20 and W28 were defined as a super responder (SRe). A multivariable logistic regression analysed the association between baseline factors and the likelihood of becoming an SRe. The relationship between clinical response, disease duration and serum biomarker data was assessed at W0 and 4.ResultsIn total, 880 patients were enrolled (SDD/LDD = 40.6%/59.4% of patients). More SDD than LDD patients achieved absolute Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) = 0 at W28 (51.8% vs. 39.4%) and were SRes (43.7% vs. 28.1% [overall 34.4%]). SDD patients also achieved PASI = 0 quicker than LDD patients (median 141 vs. 200 days). Disease duration and prior biologic use had the greatest impact on becoming an SRe, with no strong association among these independent variables. At baseline, there were no significant differences in the serum biomarker levels of IL‐17A, IL‐17F, IL‐22 and β‐defensin 2 between SDD and LDD patients, or between SRe and non‐SRe patients. Guselkumab rapidly decreased these markers of systemic inflammation across all patient groups analysed at W4. Guselkumab was well tolerated.ConclusionsGuselkumab efficacy was consistent across subpopulations, on the skin and systemically. The proportion of SRes was higher in SDD than LDD patients, indicating early treatment intervention may improve clinical outcomes.
Effects of high‐pressure homogenization on the rheological properties of spray‐dried aquafaba powder
Authors: Begliyev Hudayar , Yavuz Nihat , Ok Selçuk 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAquafaba, the water obtained from chickpea cooking, has gained interest as a novel food foaming, emulsifying, or gelling agent. Applying proper unit operations to manufacture aquafaba powder with a longer shelf‐life and improved functional properties than liquid aquafaba may further extend its usage in the food industry. In this study, spray drying of aquafaba was optimized, and high‐pressure homogenization was used to improve the rheological properties of the reconstituted powder. The spray drying experiments at different inlet air temperatures (130, 150, and 170°C), feed rates (4, 6, and 8 mL/min), and aspiration rates (80, 90, and 100 m3/h) were conducted. Spray drying at 170°C inlet air temperature, 4 mL/min feed rate, and 92 m3/h aspiration rate was selected as the optimal process resulting in the highest product yield (46.34 ± 1.23%), protein (19.96 ± .29% d.b.), and saponin (96.47 ± 6.11 mg/g d.b.) contents, and minimum moisture level (3.21 ± .14% d.b.). High‐pressure homogenization treatments at different pressure levels (80, 100, and 120 MPa) and the number of passes (2 and 4) were then applied to the solutions prepared from aquafaba powders at the least gelling concentration (20% w/v). The number of passes did not have any significant (p > 0.05) effect on the rheological properties, while homogenization at 120 MPa resulted in the highest viscosity (938.5 × 10−3 Pa s). The aquafaba gels obtained from homogenized solutions had storage modulus values of 7–9 times the loss modulus. The low‐frequency dependence of the viscoelastic properties was also determined. High‐pressure homogenization at increased pressure values and a low number of passes may be considered an optional tool for developing strong gels from aquafaba.Practical applicationsPlant‐based ingredients have been gaining increased interest in recent years, both from everyday consumers and the food industry. Alternative products may be developed with these materials to meet the demands of the clean‐label food market. Aquafaba, the cooking water remaining after chickpea processing, is a potential plant‐derived source. This study describes an optimized spray‐drying process to obtain shelf‐stable aquafaba powder and a high‐pressure homogenization method to improve rheological properties. Based on the results presented here, it may be possible to prepare aquafaba gels and gel‐like food products containing aquafaba.
Responding to Humanitarian Crises: Midwifery Care in Bangladesh
Authors: Purno Nabila H. , Biswas Animesh , Anderson Rondi , Hoque Dewan Md Emdadul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) is often a neglected topic of intervention in humanitarian crises despite its wide‐ranging impact on women and girls’ well‐being. Increasing frequency of climate‐induced natural disasters calls for an urgent need to identify innovative practices for sustainable and effective humanitarian preparedness and response to ensure SRHR of affected populations. One such innovation is the empowerment of midwives in disaster response program planning and implementation. This article describes how midwives deployed to rural primary health centers provided quality SRHR services, particularly for labor and birth assistance and initial management of perinatal emergencies and referral in the aftermath of the 2022 flooding in northern and northeastern Bangladesh. Supportive supervision from physicians, adequate health care logistics and supplies, and administrative support from local health authorities created an enabling environment for the midwives. Community engagement through volunteers helped build rapport with residents and allowed patients to navigate health services. Deploying midwives as a response to climate‐induced natural disaster was successful in establishing quality SRHR services. Future recommendations include systematically deploying midwives in health centers closest to the communities in locations vulnerable to climate change as part of routine health service delivery. This innovative approach clearly demonstrated that utilization of midwives during and after natural disasters could build community and health system resilience to climate change.
Elevated low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol: An inverse marker of morbidity and mortality in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Schubert Jessica , Lindahl Bertil , Melhus Håkan , Renlund Henrik , Leosdottir Margrét , Yari Ali , Ueda Peter , Jernberg Tomas , Hagström Emil 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease increases with levels of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C). Yet, a paradox may exist where lower LDL‐C levels at myocardial infarction (MI) are associated with poorer prognoses.ObjectiveTo assess the association between LDL‐C levels at MI with risk factor burden and cause‐specific outcomes.MethodsStatin‐naive patients hospitalized for a first MI and registered in SWEDEHEART were included. Data were linked to Swedish registers. Primary outcomes were all‐cause mortality and nonfatal MI. Associations between LDL‐C and outcomes were assessed using adjusted proportional hazards models.ResultsAmong 63,168 patients (median age, 66 years), the median LDL‐C level was 3.0 mmol/L (interquartile range 2.4–3.6). Patient age and comorbidities increased as LDL‐C decreased. During a median follow‐up of 4.5 years, 10,236 patients died, and 4973 had nonfatal MI. Patients with the highest LDL‐C had a lower risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.71–0.80). The risk of hospitalization for pneumonia, hip fracture, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and new cancer diagnosis was lower with higher LDL‐C (HR range, 0.40–0.81). Patients with the highest LDL‐C had a greater risk of recurrent MI (HR 1.16; 95% CI 1.07–1.26).ConclusionsPatients with the highest LDL‐C levels at MI had the lowest incidence of mortality and morbidity. This seems to reflect lower age at MI, less underlying morbidities, paired with the modifiability of LDL‐C. However, supporting the causal association between LDL‐C and ischemic heart disease, elevated LDL‐C was simultaneously associated with an increased risk of nonfatal MI.
Twin peaks: Expressive externality in group participation
Authors: Levine David K. , Modica Salvatore , Sun Junze 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe introduce a model of group behavior that combines expressive participation with strategic participation. Building on the idea that expressive voting in elections is much like rooting for a sports team, we give applications to both sporting events and elections. In our model there is an expressive externality: an individual enjoys an event more when more of her peers come out to support her preferred party or team. We show that this results in the possibility of “tipping”—that participation may jump up discontinuously when the externality becomes strong enough. We examine the implications for pricing by sports teams and for voter turnout.
Efficacy and safety of pan‐genotypic sofosbuvir and velpatasvir in patients with hepatitis C and HIV coinfection on dolutegravir‐based antiretroviral therapy
Authors: De Arka , Charak Swati , Bhagat Naveen , Rathi Sahaj , Verma Nipun , Premkumar Madhumita , Taneja Sunil , Sharma Aman , Goel Kapil , Singh Virendra , Duseja Ajay 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is more prevalent in people living with HIV‐AIDS (PLHA) and portends a poorer prognosis. Pharmacokinetic studies suggest the absence of significant interaction between velpatasvir and dolutegravir which has been recently recommended as part of preferred first‐line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens by WHO. However, clinical data on the use of velpatasvir‐based regimen in PLHA taking dolutegavir is lacking. Hence, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir (SOF + VEL) in HCV and HIV coinfected patients on dolutegravir‐based ART. Forty‐five consecutive PLHA with HCV coinfection on dolutegravir‐based ART were prospectively enrolled. All patients were treated SOF + VEL for 12 weeks. Complete haemogram, liver and renal function tests were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks and at end of treatment. Sustained virological response (SVR) was assessed at 12 weeks after end of treatment. The majority were males (95.5%) with a mean age of 32.8 ± 12.3 years. Cirrhosis was present in 6 (13.3%) patients. All patients completed 12 weeks of therapy with SOF + VEL, but SVR could not be assessed in two patients. Forty‐two (97.7%) of the remaining 43 patients attained SVR‐12. SVR‐12 rate was 97.7% and 93.3% by per protocol and intention to treat analysis, respectively. No grade III/IV adverse events were reported, and there was no worsening of blood counts, liver or renal function test parameters. The pan‐genotypic regimen of SOF + VEL is safe and effective in PLHA with HCV coinfection who are on dolutegravir‐based ART.
Novel holistic pharmacokinetic model applied to plasma and urine concentrations of 2,5‐dihydroxybenzene sulphonate following administrations of calcium dobesilate and etamsylate to exercised horses
Authors: Paine Stuart W. , Harding Caitlin , Waller Christopher C. , Zemenova Jana , Viljanto Marjaana , Habershon Butcher Jocelyn , Hincks Pamela R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCalcium dobesilate (CD) is a synthetic venoactive drug used in veterinary medicine to treat equine navicular disease. Etamsylate is a haemostatic agent used in horses for the treatment of exercise‐induced pulmonary haemorrhage. Both etamsylate and CD dissociate in the circulatory system with 2,5‐HBSA as the active drug. The aim of the research was to be able to provide detection time (DT) advice from pharmacokinetic (PK) studies in Thoroughbred horses to better inform trainers, and their veterinary surgeons, prescribing these substances for treatment of Thoroughbred racehorses. Two (pilot study) and six (final study) horses were given 28 and 9 repeated dose of CD (3 mg/kg BID) respectively. Two horses were each given a single intravenous (IV) dose of etamsylate (10 mg/kg). Plasma and urine 2,5‐HBSA concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The CD pilot study revealed that steady state could be reached with a few days and that 2,5‐HBSA in plasma and urine shows instability during storage at −20°C but appears stable at −80°C. A novel holistic non‐linear mixed‐effects three‐compartmental PK model was developed that described both plasma and urine concentrations of 2,5‐HBSA, from either CD or etamsylate administration. Typical values for 2,5‐HBSA clearance and bioavailability were 2.0 mL/min/kg and 28% respectively. Using the parameters obtained from this PK model, in conjunction with methodology developed by Toutain, afforded a possible screening limit (SL) that can regulate for a DT of 3 days in urine; however, a corresponding SL in plasma would be below current levels of detection. However, it is the responsibility of the individual racing authorities to apply their own risk management with regard to SLs and DTs.
A Novel Surgical Technique for Neglected Volar Dislocation of the Lunate: Cases Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kang Soo‐Hwan , Park Hyun Woo , Im Jin‐Hyung , Park Jong Woo , Lim Dohyung , Kim Yoon‐Vin , Ha Seunghun , Park Il‐Jung 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTreatments for chronic perilunate or lunate dislocations are very difficult and associated with poor prognoses. There is no established treatment method and are still many controversies.Case PresentationWe reported three cases of chronic neglected lunate volar dislocation treated with a novel surgical technique. All three cases were males with wrist pain and tingling sensation. Radiographs confirmed chronic volar dislocation of the lunate. Open reduction was performed by combined volar and dorsal approaches. After anatomical reduction, scapholunate and lunotriquetral interosseous ligament reconstructions were performed with the palmaris longus tendon and synthetic tape. The patients had an uneventful postoperative period with satisfactory functional outcomes at the last follow‐up.ConclusionsWe believe that open reduction and interosseous ligament reconstruction using the autogenous tendon and synthetic tape may be a valuable option for treating chronic volar dislocation of the lunate.
Percutaneous image‐guided lumbar decompression and interspinous spacers for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: A 2‐year Medicare Claims Benchmark Study
Authors: Staats Peter S. , Hagedorn Jonathan M. , Reece David E. , Strand Natalie H. , Poree Lawrence 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis prospective longitudinal study compares outcomes between Medicare beneficiaries receiving percutaneous image‐guided lumbar decompression (PILD) using the mild® procedure and a control group of patients receiving interspinous spacers for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with neurogenic claudication (NC).MethodsPatients diagnosed with LSS with NC and treated with either the mild procedure or a spacer were identified in the Medicare claims database. The incidence of harms, the rate of subsequent interventions, and the overall combined rate of harms and subsequent interventions during 2‐year follow‐up after the index procedure were compared between the two groups and assessed for statistical significance with p = 0.05.ResultsThe study included 2229 patients in the mild group and 3401 patients who were implanted with interspinous spacers. The rate of harms for those treated with the mild procedure was less than half that of patients implanted with a spacer (5.6% vs. 12.1%, respectively; p < 0.0001) during 2‐year follow‐up. The rate of subsequent interventions was not significantly different between the two groups (24.9% and 26.1% for the mild and spacer groups, respectively; p = 0.7679). The total rate of harms and subsequent interventions for mild was found to be noninferior to spacers (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThis comprehensive study of real‐world Medicare claims data demonstrated a significantly lower rate of harms for the mild procedure compared to interspinous spacers for patients diagnosed with LSS with NC, and a similar rate of subsequent interventions during 2‐year follow‐up.