bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative literature review: Ethylene oxide exposure signs and symptoms
Authors: O'Kelley Linda , Swanson Barbara , Bishop‐Royse Jessica C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough ethylene oxide (EtO) gas is designated as a human carcinogen, extant literature reports mixed findings on the health effects of exposure. The disparate findings may reflect industry bias as many studies were funded by a large chemical industry lobby.ObjectiveTo conduct an integrative review of studies free from industry bias to facilitate compilation of a comprehensive list of reported signs and symptoms of EtO exposure.MethodsWe reviewed 1887 papers of which 42 articles met inclusion criteria. The authors conducted this review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The presence of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute checklists.ResultsNon‐industry biased literature confirmed serious adverse health effects associated with EtO exposure at the occupational, hospital, and community level. EtO represents a carcinogen, neurotoxin, and respiratory irritant.ConclusionAfter removal of industry‐biased studies, EtO was unequivocally found to pose a threat to human health. There remains a gap in the number of studies examining community‐level exposure, which is essential to understanding the impact of EtO. Given that EtO‐emitting facilities are concentrated in diverse and disadvantaged communities, further study of EtO exposure health effects is warranted to inform public policy on toxic air emissions.
Transmission of Furcraea necrotic streak virus (FNSV) by Olpidium virulentus
Authors: Barrera Gloria Patricia , Molano Gina Marcela , Beltrán Camilo , Patarroyo Manuel Alfonso , Cerrudo Carolina Susana , Belaich Mariano Nicolás 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFurcraea necrotic streak virus (FNSV) is the causative agent of necrotic streak disease, also known as macana in fique crops (Furcraea spp.) resulting in damage to leaf fibres and economic losses. The rhizospheric fungus Olpidium spp. is present in the roots of affected plants and may play a role in the disease transmission. FNSV infection and the role of fungi were examined in macanavirus‐diseased plants in Colombia. Spherical, and icosahedral (24.7 ± 1.98 nm), non‐enveloped virions with a granular surface were isolated from field fique plants showing signs of macana disease, and the viral genome was completely sequenced. Taxonomic status was assigned through sequence analysis (Macanavirus genus in Tombusviridae family). The variability of the virus pangenome was evaluated in diseased fique plants from ecologically different Andean regions that showed low gene flow. Olpidium virulentus zoospores, identified by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing and microscopic analysis, were associated with viral particles and resting spores in diseased fique roots. An in vitro virion–zoospore binding assay showed that FNSV and O. virulentus zoospores interacted. Transmission assays in lettuce (Lactuca sativa), a model plant used to study this virus, showed 100% infection when a preincubated mixture of zoospores and FNSV was added to roots, whereas only 33% infection occurred when FNSV was added alone. This demonstrated the ability of O. virulentus to act as a vector for FNSV, potentially enhancing viral transmissibility in field fique crops. This is the first report of FNSV being transmitted by O. virulentus, a rhizosphere fungus.
Offshore aquaculture in China
Authors: Long Lina , Liu Huang , Cui Mingchao , Zhang Chenglin , Liu Chong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe mariculture industry is planning to move offshore due to the decline of China's inshore fishery resources, the deterioration of the water environment, inefficient industrial structure and other influencing factors. This article first analyses the imbalance between supply and demand of aquatic products, the development space of offshore aquaculture and the supporting policies, thereby concluding that China has significant potential to develop offshore aquaculture. Subsequently, the development status of offshore aquaculture in China is examined. The research progress of China's offshore aquaculture facilities, marine hydrology, environmental carrying capacity, aquaculture technology and the status of aquaculture operation equipment are also summarized. Furthermore, the problems existing in the development of offshore aquaculture are pointed out. On this basis, future development ideas for China's offshore aquaculture can be planned in terms of sea area layout, optimized and improved seed production systems, and research and development of offshore aquaculture technology and pellet feed. The relationship between the development of offshore aquaculture and ecological protection should be coordinated. Additionally, an energy security system can be built based on clean energy, and the development of related industries can be driven through the complementary industrial division of labour. The present work aims to provide a reference for promoting the development of offshore aquaculture in China.
Artificial intelligence technology, public trust, and effective governance
Authors: Robles Pedro , Mallinson Daniel J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdvancement in information technology continues to evolve especially in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Research studies have been conducted to evaluate the perceptions of Americans on the development and utilization of AI technology and if it is appropriate to use AI in public administrative duties. The research revealed that society is fragmented regarding the acceptance of AI, and whether AI decisions could have long‐term effects on the labor industry, legal system, and national security. The 2018 AI Public Opinion Survey revealed significant concerns among the American public regarding AI, yet also a recognition of its promise. The goal of this article is to further develop a governance framework for AI that considers the importance of public trust in AI policy. First, it discusses the necessity of public trust for the effective governance of emergent technology. Then, it evaluates public opinion on AI technology that specifically pertains to governance. The article concludes with a discussion of why public trust is central to good AI governance.
Establishment and characterization of two novel patient‐derived lines from canine high‐grade glioma
Authors: Schrock Morgan S. , Zalenski Abigail A. , Tallman Miranda M. , Kollin Luke , Bratasz Anna , Weeks Griffin , Miller Margaret A. , Sweeney Courtney N. , Pluhar G. Elizabeth , Olin Michael R. , Kisseberth William C. , Bentley R. Timothy , Dickinson Peter J. , York Daniel , Webb Amy , Wang Xu , Moore Sarah , Venere Monica , Summers Matthew K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh‐grade glioma is an aggressive cancer that occurs naturally in pet dogs. Canine high‐grade glioma (cHGG) is treated with radiation, chemotherapy or surgery, but has no curative treatment. Within the past eight years, there have been advances in our imaging and histopathology standards as well as genetic charactereization of cHGG. However, there are only three cHGG cell lines publicly available, all of which were derived from astrocytoma and established using methods involving expansion of tumour cells in vitro on plastic dishes. In order to provide more clinically relevant cell lines for studying cHGG in vitro, the goal of this study was to establish cHGG patient‐derived lines, whereby cancer cells are expanded in vivo by injecting cells into immunocompromized laboratory mice. The cells are then harvested from mice and used for in vitro studies. This method is the standard in the human field and has been shown to minimize the acquisition of genetic alterations and gene expression changes from the original tumour. Through a multi‐institutional collaboration, we describe our methods for establishing two novel cHGG patient‐derived lines, Boo‐HA and Mo‐HO, from a high‐grade astrocytoma and a high‐grade oligodendroglioma, respectively. We compare our novel lines to G06‐A, J3T‐Bg, and SDT‐3G (traditional cHGG cell lines) in terms of proliferation and sensitivity to radiation. We also perform whole genome sequencing and identify an NF1 truncating mutation in Mo‐HO. We report the characterization and availability of these novel patient‐derived lines for use by the veterinary community.
Analytical errors in nucleated red blood cell enumeration
Authors: Brown Juliet E. , Oscos‐Snowball Astrid , Courtman Natalie F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnumeration of nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) in peripheral blood of dogs and cats is performed by manual counting during blood film evaluation. Automated methods have increased precision and accuracy; however, most analyzers cannot distinguish leukocytes and NRBCs. The Sysmex XN‐V Series may distinguish NRBCs and leukocytes; however, analytical errors occur.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate cases with discrepant automated and manual NRBC counts, and to evaluate reasons for analytical errors.MethodsData from samples with increased NRBCs were collected retrospectively and compared with manual counts performed on blood films using Spearman's correlation, Passing‐Bablok agreement analysis, and Bland–Altman comparisons. Precision of the automated method and interobserver agreement of manual counts were evaluated. Cases with discrepant results were investigated.ResultsAgreement between the methods was good at ≤1NRBC ×109/L in dogs and cats, and inadequate at ≥1NRBC ×109/L. The automated method demonstrated a negative proportional difference to the manual method. Precision was good for the automated method (overall CV 7.1%) and interobserver agreement for the manual method was poor overall (mean CV 27.3%, range 0%‐106.1%). Inaccuracies in NRBC enumeration by the automated method occurred with high hematocrits, the mergence of the cell fragments and leukocyte clouds, and the presence of earlier erythroid precursors.ConclusionsNRBC enumeration by the WNR channel on the Sysmex XN‐1000 V is precise and has good agreement with manual counts in canine and feline blood samples at ≤1NRBC ×109/L. Manual film review is indicated for samples with ≥1NRBC ×109/L, earlier erythroid precursors, samples from greyhounds and dehydrated patients, and if gating errors are noted.
Impact of long-term erosion on crustal stresses and seismicity in stable continental regions
Authors: Mazzotti Stephane , Vergeron Xavier , Malcles Oswald , Grosset Juliette , Vernant Philippe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The causes of seismicity in stable continental regions (SCRs) remain an open question, in particular with respect to (1) the transient or steady-state nature of the forcing mechanisms and (2) the bias toward shallow seismicity. In this study, we test the impact of long-term localized erosion on crustal stresses and the promotion or inhibition of seismicity in SCRs. We subject numerical models with various geotherms and rheologies to typical SCR erosion rates (4–200 m/m.y.) over 10 m.y. to estimate the lithosphere mechanical response and the associated stress perturbations. In all models, the lithosphere deformation and stresses due to long-term localized erosion are close, but not identical, to those predicted by a simple elastic plate model. In specific cases with relatively high geotherm or weak crust, upper mantle or lower crust viscous flow can significantly impact the upper crust stress perturbations. Overall, erosion-induced horizontal tension is maximum in the upper crust (0–10 km depth) and much smaller in the mid- and lower crust. These stress perturbations reach a few tens of megapascals to a few megapascals over a few million years. Depending on the erosion patterns and regional state of stress, they can promote fault instability and seismicity for all faulting styles. Our results suggest that erosion-induced stresses can contribute to explaining the bias toward shallow seismicity in SCRs.
Evaluating workforce well-being: an investigation of healthcare professionals’ mental health and burnout symptoms at the Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 Paralympic Games
Authors: Eken Maaike , Runciman Phoebe , Badenhorst Marelise , Blauwet Cheri , Gouttebarge Vincent , Swartz Leslie , Derman Wayne 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence of symptoms of mental health conditions and burnout of healthcare professionals (HCPs) working during the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games and the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games.MethodsIn this cross-sectional, observational study, HCPs working during the Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 Paralympic Games were asked to complete an online, anonymous survey, which included demographic questions and questions regarding mental health symptoms including depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item depression scale) and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale) as well as burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey: depersonalisation, emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment). Correlation coefficients (r) were calculated between demographic characteristics and mental health symptoms.ResultsIn total, 256 HCPs (of 857 HCPs; 30%) completed the surveys. Twelve and eight per cent of HCP scores fell within the moderate to severe depression and moderate to severe anxiety categories, respectively. More than 30% reported moderate to high burnout (depersonalisation: 36%; emotional exhaustion: 36%; personal accomplishment: 58%). In addition, thoughts of self-harm and/or suicidality were reported by some HCPs (8%). Weak correlations were observed between age and depression (r=−0.13, p=0.046), anxiety (r=−0.16, p=0.010) and burnout (emotional exhaustion: r=−0.14, p=0.032; personal accomplishment: r=0.27, p<0.001).ConclusionAlthough most HCPs reported good mental health, this study suggests that a subset of HCPs experienced symptoms of depression, anxiety, burnout or thoughts of self-harm during the Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022 Paralympic Games. While the generalisability of these findings outside of COVID-19 restrictions should be tested, appropriate guidance and mental health support of HCPs leading up to the Paralympic Games should be prioritised.
Structural under-reporting of informed consent, data handling and sharing, ethical approval, and application of Open Science principles as proxies for study quality conduct in COVID-19 research: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Wilmes Nick , Hendriks Charlotte W E , Viets Caspar T A , Cornelissen Simon J W M , van Mook Walther N K A , Cox-Brinkman Josanne , Celi Leo A , Martinez-Martin Nicole , Gichoya Judy W , Watkins Craig , Bakhshi-Raiez Ferishta , Wynants Laure , van der Horst Iwan C C , van Bussel Bas C T 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic required science to provide answers rapidly to combat the outbreak. Hence, the reproducibility and quality of conducting research may have been threatened, particularly regarding privacy and data protection, in varying ways around the globe. The objective was to investigate aspects of reporting informed consent and data handling as proxies for study quality conduct.MethodsA systematic scoping review was performed by searching PubMed and Embase. The search was performed on November 8th, 2020. Studies with hospitalised patients diagnosed with COVID-19 over 18 years old were eligible for inclusion. With a focus on informed consent, data were extracted on the study design, prestudy protocol registration, ethical approval, data anonymisation, data sharing and data transfer as proxies for study quality. For reasons of comparison, data regarding country income level, study location and journal impact factor were also collected.Results972 studies were included. 21.3% of studies reported informed consent, 42.6% reported waivers of consent, 31.4% did not report consent information and 4.7% mentioned other types of consent. Informed consent reporting was highest in clinical trials (94.6%) and lowest in retrospective cohort studies (15.0%). The reporting of consent versus no consent did not differ significantly by journal impact factor (p=0.159). 16.8% of studies reported a prestudy protocol registration or design. Ethical approval was described in 90.9% of studies. Information on anonymisation was provided in 17.0% of studies. In 257 multicentre studies, 1.2% reported on data sharing agreements, and none reported on Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable data principles. 1.2% reported on open data. Consent was most often reported in the Middle East (42.4%) and least often in North America (4.7%). Only one report originated from a low-income country.DiscussionInformed consent and aspects of data handling and sharing were under-reported in publications concerning COVID-19 and differed between countries, which strains study quality conduct when in dire need of answers.
Population-level health and economic impacts of introducing Vaccae vaccination in China: a modelling study
Authors: Mao Jun-Jie , Zang Xiao , Yue Wan-Lu , Zhai Pei-Yao , Zhang Qiong , Li Chun-Hu , Zhuang Xun , Liu Min , Qin Gang 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionGiven the ageing epidemic of tuberculosis (TB), China is facing an unprecedented opportunity provided by the first clinically approved next-generation TB vaccine Vaccae, which demonstrated 54.7% efficacy for preventing reactivation from latent infection in a phase III trial. We aim to assess the population-level health and economic impacts of introducing Vaccae vaccination to inform policy-makers.MethodsWe evaluated a potential national Vaccae vaccination programme in China initiated in 2024, assuming 20 years of protection, 90% coverage and US$30/dose government contract price. An age-structured compartmental model was adapted to simulate three strategies: (1) no Vaccae; (2) mass vaccination among people aged 15–74 years and (3) targeted vaccination among older adults (60 years). Cost analyses were conducted from the healthcare sector perspective, discounted at 3%.ResultsConsidering postinfection efficacy, targeted vaccination modestly reduced TB burden (~20%), preventing cumulative 8.01 (95% CI 5.82 to 11.8) million TB cases and 0.20 (0.17 to 0.26) million deaths over 2024–2050, at incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of US$4387 (2218 to 10 085) per disability adjusted life year averted. The implementation would require a total budget of US$22.5 (17.6 to 43.4) billion. In contrast, mass vaccination had a larger bigger impact on the TB epidemic, but the overall costs remained high. Although both preinfection and postinfection vaccine efficacy type might have a maximum impact (>40% incidence rate reduction in 2050), it is important that the vaccine price does not exceed US$5/dose.ConclusionVaccae represents a robust and cost-effective choice for TB epidemic control in China. This study may facilitate the practice of evidence-based strategy plans for TB vaccination and reimbursement decision making.
Prediction model of adjacent vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous kyphoplasty: a retrospective study
Authors: Mao Yi , Wu Wangsheng , Zhang Junchao , Ye Zhou 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to develop a prediction model to assess the risk of adjacent vertebral compression fractures (AVCFs) after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) surgery.DesignA retrospective chart review.Setting and participantsPatients were collected from the Quzhou People’s Hospital, from March 2017 to May 2019. Patients were included if they suffered from osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), underwent PKP surgery and were followed up for 2 years.InterventionsNone.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of all PKP surgery procedures of the thoracic, lumbar and thoracolumbar (TL) spine that have been performed for OVCF from 1 March 2017 up to 1 May 2019. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was used to optimise feature selection for the AVCF risk model. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to build a predicting model incorporating the feature selected in the LASSO regression model. The C-index, calibration plot and decision curve analysis were applied to assess this model.ResultsGender, age, the number of surgical vertebrae, cement volume, bone mineral density, diabetes, hypertension, bone cement leakage, duration of anti-osteoporosis treatment after surgery and TL junction were identified as predictors. The model displayed good discrimination with a C-index of 0.886 (95% CI 0.828–0.944) and good calibration. High C-index value of 0.833 could still be reached in the interval validation. Decision curve analysis showed that the AVCF nomogram was clinically useful when intervention was decided at the AVCF possibility threshold of 1%.ConclusionsThis study developed a clinical prediction model to identify the risk factors for AVCF after PKP surgery, and this tool is of great value in sharing surgical decision-making among patients consulted before surgery.Trial registration numberresearchregistry7716.
Compassion fatigue in healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Hui Lucy , Garnett Anna , Oleynikov Christina , Boamah Sheila A 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the psychological health and well-being of healthcare providers. An amplification in chronic stressors, workload and fatalities may have increased the risk of compassion fatigue and disrupted the quality of patient care. Although current studies have explored the general psychological status of healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic, few have focused on compassion fatigue. The purpose of this review is to explore the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on compassion fatigue in healthcare providers and the repercussions of compassion fatigue on patient care.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow Joanna Briggs Institute and Arksey and O’Malley scoping review methodology. Comprehensive searches will be conducted in the following relevant databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science. To expand the search, reference lists of included studies will be handsearched for additional relevant studies. Included studies must report on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on compassion fatigue in healthcare providers and have been published in English since January 2020.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not require research ethics board approval. By examining the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on compassion fatigue in healthcare providers, this scoping review can offer important insight into the possible risks, protective factors and strategies to support healthcare providers’ psychological health and patient care amidst persisting stressful conditions.