bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of two-stage type II hybrid aortic arch repair in elderly patients with acute type A aortic dissection: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: XIANG JUN , he ling , Pen Tailuan , Li Donglin , Wei Shuliang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of two-stage type II hybrid aortic arch repair (HAR) in elderly patients with acute type A aortic dissection (a-TAAD).
Methods: This was a single-center, prospective study involved 119 patients with a-TAAD, included 82 males and 37 females, aged 22 ~81 years old. Eighty-eight patients underwent total aortic arch replacement (TAR) with stented frozen elephant trunk (FET) implantation (TAR with FET group) and 31 patients underwent two-stage type II HAR (HAR group). Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to adjust for preoperative data, and 25 pairs were matched successfully. The preoperative, perioperative, postoperative and follow-up data in the HAR group and TAR with FET group were compared.
Results: Fifteen patients died during the perioperative period; 13 cases were in the TAR with FET group and 2 cases were in the TAR group. The age, body mass index, cerebral infarction, renal insufficiency were significantly higher, and the 24-h fluid drainage, the incidence of acute liver injury, acute kidney injury and pulmonary infectionwere were lower in the HAR group. Moreover, the mechanical ventilation time, intensive care unit time, hospital stay timewere shorter in the HAR group.The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 54 months, with 7 deaths (9.3%) in the TAR with FET group and 2 deaths (6.9%) in the HAR group. The true lumen of the aortic arch (P<0.001) and the middle descending thoracic aorta were larger and the false lumen thrombosis rates of the middle descending thoracic aorta and renal artery level were higher in the HAR group.
Conclusion: Two-stage type II HAR is a safe and effective method for elderly patients with a-TAAD. It may be a good choice for elderly patients with a-TAAD and comorbidities.
A Compound Data Poisoning Technique with Significant Adversarial Effects on Transformer-based Text Classification Tasks
Authors: Begoli Edmon , Mahbub Maria , Sriniva Sudarshan , Passarella Linsey 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Transformer-based models have demonstrated much success in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, they are often vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as data poisoning, that can intentionally fool the model into generating incorrect results. In this paper, we present a novel, compound variant of a data poisoning attack on a transformer-based model that maximizes the poisoning effect while minimizing the scope of poisoning. We do so by combining the established data poisoning technique (label flipping) with a novel adversarial artifact selection and insertion technique aimed at minimizing detectability and the scope of the poisoning footprint. We find that using a combination of these two techniques, we achieve a state-of-the-art attack success rate (ASR) of ~90% while poisoning only 0.5% of the original training set, thus minimizing the scope and detectability of the poisoning action.
Periodontitis-relieving Effect of Whey Bioconversion Products by Enterococcus faecalis M157 KACC81148BP
Authors: Lee Juhyun , Park Eunyoung , Lee Soomin , Yi Hae-Chang , Lim Sangdong , Elnar Arxel , Kim Geun-Bae , Yoon Yohan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of whey bioconversion products (WBP) with Enterococcus faecalis M157 KACC81148BP on the improvement of periodontitis. Effects of whey bioconversion products (M157) produced by Enterococcus faecalis M157 KACC81148BP and M157 supplemented with bacteriocin active fraction (M157+) on the periodontal disease were examined in the animal models. In addition, the actions of M157 and M157 + were also examined. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis of M157 and M157 + were examined.M157 and M157 + decreased epithelial proliferation, bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV), bone loss volume, and increased bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) in the periodontal tissues. Periodontitis-induced rats treated with M157 and M157 + showed improved anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in protein expression levels. M157 and M157 + did not show cytotoxicity and hemolysis. These results indicate that both WBP by E. faecalis M157 KACC81148BP and the WBP supplemented with bacteriocin active fraction have beneficial properties for alleviating symptoms of periodontitis.
In silico Molecular Docking and ADMET evaluation for investigating the anti-cancer potential of ketoprofen amides against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
Authors: Zeeshan Muhammad , Batool Sidra , Alvi Muhammad Usman , Gul Zarif , Ahmed Maryam , Abbas Hassan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany epithelial cancers overexpress the inducible cyclooxygenase-2 COX-2, which is thought to be the cause of NSAIDs' antitumor effects. While ketoprofens (Ket) are well-known NSAIDs and analgesics, their anticancer potential has not yet gotten much attention, despite the fact that they are used to treat mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation. Effective drugs can be expensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive to introduce in a traditional or customary method. Contrarily, computer-aided drug design, commonly referred to as in silico drug design, is a relatively recent method for high-throughput screening of a vast database of chemicals. By producing hits for lead compounds in less time and at a lower cost, the in silico virtual screening technique assists in the development of innovative medications. The compound 1 shows the least binding energy value which − 9.9 while compound 2 shows the highest which is -7.7. The overall purpose of this study is to assess the potential of different ketoprofen amides and to determine the effectiveness of these amides on the target protein COX-2 (PDB ID: 3Q7D). Additionally, this research compares and characterizes the ADMET profiles of the target ligands, ketoprofen amides. The drug score revealed that ketoprofens adhere to all regulations, are not hazardous, and are carcinogenic.
Greatest Common Divisor Deciphered SARS-CoV-2 superpandemic
Authors: Dong Ke , Li Wen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Global cases and deaths showed that COVID-19 and 1918 influenza were not normal pandemics, but superpandemics. Was there a common mechanism to push pandemics into superpandemics? This common ground was explored here from a new perspective and approach using the greatest common divisor (GCD). The results showed that superpandemic viruses played tricks like superbugs. One subtlety was that SARS-CoV-2 fighted antibodies, just as superbugs fighted antibiotics. The SARS-CoV-2 spike and ORF8 proteins recognized the "Achilles heel" of secretory antibodies, namely J-chains and secretory components, and hijacked them respectively. Another subtlety was that SARS-CoV-2 expanded ORF8 protein as a superpandemic catalyst, just as drug-resistant enzyme facilitated the spread of superbugs. The SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein corresponded to the 1918 H1N1 virus neuraminidase. Both functioned as glycosylated-modification enzyme and RNA base-modification enzyme. Tampering with the enzymes was not found in SARS-CoV and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus. The synergy of spike and ORF8 proteins acted as the ignition for SARS-CoV-2 superpandemic. Through GCD analysis of clinical and experimental results of different coronaviruses, it was proposed to comprehend the epidemiological traceability and evolutionary from virus sequence up to virus GCD. We sincerely recommend the GCD platform to WHO for early warning.
The correlation between vulnerable carotid plaque and inflammation——an exploratory research based on Histopathology
Authors: Cai Xinyi , Yan Yanhong , Ding Yafang , Pu Jianhong , Hui Pinjing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Vulnerable plaques with ruptured fibrous cap were prone to produce emboli and cause distal arterial embolism. The identification of vulnerable plaque in humans before it becomes symptomatic has been elusive to date. Inflammation related ratio of leukocytes and their subtypes had been proved that they can predict cardiovascular diseases, while we aimed to explore the correlation between those and vulnerable carotid plaque.
Methods
Ischemic stroke patients admitted to the Department of Neurology were analyzed as study group (neurology group) from January 2019 and December 2020. Besides, patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) during the same period were collected as control group (neurosurgery group) for compare. All patients were categorized into stable and vulnerable plaque groups based on the characteristics of plaque assessed by carotid doppler ultrasonography (CDU). The H&E staining characteristics of carotid plaque after CEA were analyzed to test the feasibility of ultrasound grouping in the study group. The inflammation-related ratio (PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, MLR: monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio) were collected to analyze. Spearman linear correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between factors and plaque vulnerability, and multivariate analysis was used to exclude confounding factors.
Results
In study group, comparisons of hs-CRP and NLR among the vulnerable plaque group and stable plaque group showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that elevated levels of NLR were independent risk factors for carotid plaque vulnerability in the study group (2.399; 1.468–3.921; p < 0.001). Incorporating the control group’s data (neurosurgery group), patients with vulnerable carotid plaques present with higher hs-CRP and lower HDL-C. Low level HDL-C would lose its protective effect on vulnerable carotid plaque (0.15; 0.023–0.958; p = 0.045). The ultrasonic and pathological characteristics of carotid plaques in the control group had strong consistency.
Conclusions
The inflammation reflected by the high level of hs-CRP plays a vital role in forming vulnerable carotid plaques. NLR is expected to effectively predict vulnerable carotid plaque for stroke patients at the first visit and is easier to obtain in clinical.
Design and Analysis of Fabric Antenna for Medical and Wireless Applications
Authors: AWASTHI SHRUTI , Jain Priyanka 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper aimed towards wearability of antenna by inspecting the probability of designing and fabrication of wearable microstrip antenna operating from 2–6 GHz, centered at 2.5 GHz and 5.3 GHz. The antenna is fabricated on jeans material with dielectric constant, εr = 1.7and thickness as 1mm. The proposed design is simulated on High frequency simulation software (HFSS) version 2015, followed by fabrication using 50 µm copper film on jeans substrate. The fabricated design is then tested by Anritsu MS2038C VNA Master. Also, specific absorption rate (SAR) values are computed for medical applications to account for the tumor detection in Human Breast tissue.
WITHDRAWN: Remotely Supervised At-home tDCS for Veterans with Persistent Post-Traumatic Headache: A Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial
Authors: Charvet Leigh , Harrison Adam T. , Mangold Kiersten , Moore R. Davis , Guo Siyuan , Zhang Jiajia , Datta Abhishek , Androulakis X. Michelle 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background. There is a scientific gap concerning the unmet need for treating persistent post-traumatic headache (PPTH) secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI). No FDA approved therapy for PPTH is available. As such, the objective of the present trial was to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a four-week at-home remotely supervised transcranial direct current stimulation (RS-tDCS) intervention in veterans with PPTH secondary to mild TBI.
Methods. Veterans with PPTH completed this single site, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot clinical trial. Following a baseline period (four-weeks), participants completed 20-sessions of RS-tDCS with real-time video monitoring. Participants were followed up for four-weeks post-intervention. Primary outcomes were overall treatment adherence rate (feasibility) and change in moderate/severe headache days (efficacy) during the treatment phase. Secondary outcomes were change in total number of headache days, Headache Impact Test, and other functional outcomes.
Results. Twenty-six veterans (46.6±8.7 years) with PPTH completed baseline observations and were randomized to either active (n=13) or sham(n=13) RS-tDCS. Twenty-five veterans passed tolerability tests. Eighty-eight percent of participants fully completed either active (10/12) or sham (12/13) RS-tDCS interventions (p=.59). Moderate/severe headache days were significantly reduced within the active (difference=-2.5; 95% CI= [-4.98,-0.02]) but not sham group (difference=1.0; 95% CI= [-2.52,4.52]), however there was no statistically significant reduction when comparing active vs. shamgroups (B=-3.5; 95% CI= [-7.28,0.28]). There was a statistically significant reduction in total number of headache days within active RS-tDCS (difference=-4.0; 95% CI= [-7.71,-0.29]) but not sham (difference=0.58; 95% CI= [-2.52,3.69]). There was a statistically significant reduction in total number of headache days in active vs. sham RS-tDCS (B=-4.58; 95% CI= [-8.6,-0.56]).
Conclusion. Our RS-tDCS paradigm enables safe, highly feasible, effective tDCS treatment. Clinical application of this RS-tDCS protocol will not only serve as an efficacious neuromodulation but also facilitate outreach to rural communities, where veterans have limited access to care related to PPTH.
Trial Registry. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04012853
Dam site selection using remote sensing techniques and geographical information system (GIS): A case study of Kurram Tangi North Waziristan
Authors: Zada Noor , Javed Muhammad Asif , Ahmad Sajid Rashed , Waleed Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Pakistan is situated in the subtrophical area of the world, eighty percent of the hundred regions are dry or semi-barren since Pakistan is established. Due to high development in population increasing in water is warming situation world-wide. As a consequence, the requirement for dams has increased dramatically to meet the needs for water supply, fresh hydropower, and irrigation. Suitable dam site selection is considered among the significant tasks for water storages in District North Waziristan Former Federally Administrated Tribal Areas (FATA). This research is aimed at evaluation of potential dam site using advanced Geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques in the combination with AHP and selection of the relevant criteria and their weights calculation for optimal dam site selection. For this study, data were obtained from the shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) 30 meter, LANDSAT-8 image, soil data and the geology data. All the layers were analyzed and reclassified giving high weightage to high suitable area and low weightage to low suitable sites. There is no uncertainty that all other variables have been taken into consideration to find the most suitable area. The result of this study illustrate 4 classes such as the highly suitable, moderately suitable, least suitable and not suitable. In last highly suitable site for proposed dam in the focused area indicating the pour point of the calculated dam. The sources are also suitable for multipurpose purposes, such as for irrigation, Agrarian use, flood protection, hydroelectricity in the study area.
Energy Demand Reduction as a Supply Chain: What are the Risks?
Authors: Axon C. J. , Darton R. C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Demand Reduction is a strategy with the potential to make a significant contribution to the energy supply/demand balance. Its two major themes are improving the energy efficiency of devices (appliances and processes) and changing people’s behaviour towards using less energy. In our analysis of a nation’s energy security, we treat Demand Reduction as an additional fuel which delivers ‘negafuel’, allowing a particular level of energy services to be met at a lower volume of supply than would be possible in its absence. In common with other fuels, negafuel is delivered by a supply chain with linked stages, all encountering risks of various types. A comprehensive survey of these risks in a case study of the UK, shows that Demand Reduction belongs to a middle-ranking group of fuels in terms of overall risk. High-level risks encountered include the difficulty of assessing and delivering potential energy savings, the rate of building construction at the highest energy efficiency standards, optimism bias, changing policy and regulation, and operational failure (both of technology and policy). Assessing the risk of Demand Reduction as a supplied negafuel focuses attention on specific risks requiring mitigation, facilitating design of better policy and more effective commercial products.
Preparation and performance of novel flavonoid phenols-based biomass-modified phenol formaldehyde resins
Authors: Qin Yuan , Meng Fuliang , Xu Chunyu , Hu Zhenguo , Zhang Yimiao , Jia Yufei , Li Songjun , Yuan Xinhua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Low toxicity, environmentally friendly and sustainable bio-based phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins are the primary factors and health goals that researchers need to consider when modifying PF resins. Two novel biomass-modified PF resins were synthesized using two flavonoid phenols of daidzein and naringenin with rigid backbone structures. The results show that compared with ordinary PF, the introduction of daidzein and naringenin during the synthesis of N-PF and D-PF can delay the curing reaction and results in higher curing peak temperatures. The appropriate substitution rate of daidzein and naringenin can improve the crosslinking degree, resulting in N-PF and D-PF with higher thermal stability, ablation resistance and mechanical properties. The highest carbon yield YC800 for N-PF is 59.81% (56.85%for PF-1), and the highest YC800 for D-PF is 64.39% (PF-2 with 58.15%). The maximum tensile strength and flexural strengths of N-PF are respective 33.86 MPa and 110.42 MPa (28.77 and 79.89 MPa for PF-1), and the maximum tensile strength and flexural strengths of D-PF are respective 35.61 MPa and 103.17 MPa (24.48 and 55.79 MPa for PF-2). The D-PF and N-PF resins modified and enhanced by daidzein and naringenin have lower friction coefficient and more excellent wear resistance than pure PF.
Steroidal lactones from Withania somnifera effectively target Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 and reveal a decreased susceptibility to viral infection and perpetuation: A Polypharmacology Approach
Authors: Srivast Aditi , Ahmad Rumana , Wani Irshad A. , Siddiqui Sahabjada , Yadav Kusum , Trivedi Anchal , Upadhyay Shivbrat , Husain Ishrat , Ahamad Tanveer , Dudhagi Shivanand S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Prevention from disease is presently the cornerstone of the fight against COVID-19. With the rapid emergence of novel variants of SARS-CoV-2 viz. B.1.1.7 (UK), B.1.351 (South Africa), P.1 (Brazil), delta variant B.1.617.2 (India) and the recently emerged Omicron variant B.1.1.529 (South Africa), there is an urgent need for novel prophylactic agents that have the ability to strengthen and fortify the immune system. To this effect, Withania somnifera (WS) and its phytoconstituent(s) have immense untapped immunomodulatory and therapeutic potential. The in vitro and in vivoanticancer potential of WS is well documented. Recent studies have indicated that the prognosis of COVID patients having cancer as a co-morbidity is poor as the viral infection has been shown to upregulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promote metastasis. WS methanolic extract (WSME) was characterized using HPLC and Withaferin A as standard. In vitro cytotoxicity of WSME was determined against cancer (MDA-MB-231) and normal (Vero) cell lines by MTT assay. Molecular dynamics simulations of Withanolide A with SARS-CoV-2 main protease, spike receptor-binding domain and Withanolide B with SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein and SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease were performed using Schrödinger. Withaferin A was identified in WSME. WSME displayed potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Stability of complexes followed the order 6M0J-Withanolide A>6W9C-Withnaolide B>5WRG-Withanolide B>6LU7-Withanolide A. Maximum stable interaction(s) were observed between Withanolides A and B with SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins, respectively. Withanolides A and B have the potential to be tested further in vitro and in vivo as novel antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV.
Evidence-Based Policy Making: Insights and Policy Recommendations for the Implementation of a Clean Energy Transition in Kenya.
Authors: Fields Neve 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

With ambitious targets to drastically increase economic activity over the next decade in order to propel itself to become a middle-income country, Kenya’s future is undoubtedly energy intensive. Through the achievement of its bold and aspiring goals, Kenya is poised to become a regional economic giant with the capacity to strengthen its position as a global leader in renewable energy production. However, current energy capacity expansion plans will see Kenya drastically ramp up fossil fuel generation, significantly increasing emissions and regressing progress made towards its climate and renewable energy targets. Therefore, Kenya is at a crucial stage of its national development with critical decisions to make regarding its future energy expansion and production. The use of energy systems modelling as a method to provide key insights for evidence-based policy making has risen in importance in energy planning globally. Such an approach can provide crucial insights and projections on the impact of potential policy decisions, creating pathways to be adopted within policy. As a result, this study employs long-term energy systems modelling to explore a series of potential future scenarios for Kenya’s power sector, providing insights into their generation, total production, and costs that can assist national policy making. Specifically, this research utilises OSeMOSYS modelling software to produce a Clean Energy Transition scenario (CET) as one possible future for Kenya’s power sector to increase renewable energy production under rapidly intensifying demand. The critical insights gained in this research were employed to suggest seven key policy recommendations for Kenya’s power sector.