bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cucumber mosaic virus subgroup IA isolates infect four varieties of Nandina domestica in China
Authors: Du Shengnan , Luo Guo'an , Fei Libin , He Jing , Chen Sha , Su Xiu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCucumber mosaic virus (CMV) subgroup IA isolates were first identified from Nandina domestica plants in Zhejiang province of China by small RNA deep sequencing followed by bioinformatics analysis and was confirmed by RT‐PCR amplification, 5′ and 3′ RACE and DNA sequencing. The complete nucleotide sequences of this virus shared the highest sequence similarities (97–98%) with CMV subgroup IA isolate CTL RNA1 and RNA3 (GenBank accession no: EF213023, EF213025) and RP48 RNA2 (KC527727), respectively; and converged with CMV subgroup IA isolates into a branch in phylogenetic tree using full length nucleotide sequences. Pathogenicity test confirmed that this virus can be mechanically transmitted to N. domestica, Nicotiana tabacum and N. benthamiana. All thirty randomly collected samples of four major N. domestica varieties (N. domestica cv. Hong Baoshi, Nana, Fire Power and Xiu Dada) in Lin'an Zhejiang province were positive for CMV subgroup IA. This is the first report of CMV subgroup IA isolate on varieties of N. domestica in China.
Is a Preoperative MRI Scan Necessary for Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture?
Authors: Geng Xiang , Yang Xiong‐gang , Teng Zhao‐lin , Hu Xing‐xi , Wang Chen , Zhang Chao , Chen Li , Huang Jia‐zhang , Wang Xu , Ma Xin 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundDifferent treatment methods have been developed for acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR), including conservative treatment, minimally invasive or transdermal surgery, and open surgery, and there is no consensus about which method is superior. It is important to clarify the presence of Achilles tendon (AT) degeneration, the rupture site, and the rupture shape before surgery to determine whether minimally invasive or open surgery should be selected, thereby reducing the re‐rupture rate following acute ATR. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of MRI in identifying the presence of AT degeneration, the rupture site, and the rupture shape for acute closed ATR.MethodsFrom January 2016 to December 2019, patients with acute closed ATR who had undergone repair surgery were retrospectively enrolled. All patients received MRI examination, and the distance between the insertion site and broken end and the rupture shape (types I, II, and III) were independently determined by two observers. Then, the stump of the AT was exposed during the operation. The rupture site and rupture shape were recorded and compared and analyzed with the MRI results. Consistency analyses (using Cohen's kappa coefficient or intraclass correlation coefficient‐ICC) and calculation of diagnostic performance indexes were, respectively, conducted to evaluate the diagnostic value of the MRI.ResultsThis study included 47 consecutive patients with acute ATR, with an average age of 38.4 years. Among them, 40 were male, and seven were female. The intraoperative exploration demonstrated a total of 34 (72.3%), 10 (21.3%), and three (6.4%) patients with type I, II, and III ruptures, respectively. The average distance between the insertion site and the proximal broken end measured intraoperatively was 4.07 ± 1.57 cm. High or excellent consistencies were found for ATR classifications (kappa: 0.739–0.770, p < 0.001) and rupture sites (ICC: 0.962–0.979, p < 0.001) between two observers and between observers 1 and 2 and intraoperative findings. Tendinopathy was identified in 22 patients by MRI and confirmed during surgery.ConclusionsMRI scanning of acute closed ATR can help determine whether there is degeneration of the AT, as well as the location and shape of the rupture, which can guide the selection of the optimal operation method for orthopedic surgeons. Therefore, it is necessary to take preoperative MRI scans for patients with acute Achilles tendon ruptures.
A Case of TKA Failure in Patient with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Dong Ziyang , Li Yang , Wang Xinguang , Tian Hua 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundPrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrine disorder with high serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Excessive secretion of PTH can cause bone loss and may have potential damage to implant fixation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there is currently no research or literature reporting prosthesis loosening after TKA associated with PHPT.Case presentationThis case report describes a TKA failure of tibial prothesis loosening associated with PHPT. The patient faced aggravated pain and difficulty in walking 6 months after the primary TKA. Further examinations showed high serum calcium and PTH levels indicating the presence of PHPT. After the surgery of parathyroidectomy, the patient received revision TKA with 3D‐printed metaphyseal cone. Knee symptoms and function were finally improved.ConclusionPHPT is a risk factor for prosthesis loosening after TKA. Preoperative screening test of serum calcium and PTH levels is important to diagnose PHPT. For patients with PHPT undergoing TKA, preoperative endocrinotherapy and parathyroidectomy are recommended to improve the survival of prosthesis.
Home care nurses lived experiences of caring relationships with older adults: A phenomenological study
Authors: Mathiesen Karoline Lang , Lindberg Elisabeth , Nässén Kristina , Cowdell Fiona , Palmér Lina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis paper describes registered nurses' lived experiences of caring relationships in the context of homecare provision for older adults living in Denmark. With the growing ageing population throughout Europe, more older adults will require complex care solutions within already overburdened care systems. This development places demands on the competencies and organisation of homecare nurses, as they become key players in healthcare systems. Fostering caring relationships in homecare is a rewarding and valuable process that enhances the holistic and humanising aspects of caring for older adults. For a caring relationship to be truly caring, we must understand not only the subjective experience of such a relationship but also how it is experienced in relation to and shared with others.AimThis study aimed to describe the essential meaning of the phenomenon of caring relationships in homecare for older adults based on the lived experiences of homecare nurses.Approach and MethodsRegistered nurses working in homecare for older adults were interviewed, and a phenomenological analysis was conducted according to the methodological principles of the reflective lifeworld research approach.FindingsThe essential meaning of the phenomenon is described as creating an existential and embodied space in which each patient's world is the foundation of caring. The constituents are as follows: caring for the whole person, a sense of ‘at‐homeness’ through trusting ‘the other’, experiencing continuity as caring and prioritising the time to care.ConclusionCaring competence in homecare for older adults relies on a nurse's ability to intertwine physical and existential care needs and articulate them in their daily work. A focus on the phenomenon of caring relationships brings value to and adds an extra layer to the discussion on caring competence.
Werther or Papageno? Examining the effects of news reports of celebrity suicide versus non‐celebrity peer suicide on intentions to seek help among vulnerable young adults
Authors: Lueck Jennifer A. , Poe Madison 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionA large body of literature has examined the Werther effect following news reports of suicide, yet much less attention has been paid to the protective Papageno effect. This research explored the causal relationships between news reports of real celebrity suicides (e.g., pop‐rock star Chester Bennington) and real non‐celebrity “peer” suicides (e.g., college student Madison Holleran) and intentions to seek help.MethodsTwo survey experiments confirmed successful experimental manipulation (N = 280) and tested behavioral theory, clinical indicators, and intentions to seek help (N = 641) in samples of college students (18–25).ResultsParticipants were motivated to seek help if they believed it could lead to positive outcomes, yet this was less likely among participants with depression. Exposure to news reports of non‐celebrity suicides had a small positive effect on help‐seeking intentions. Among participants with depression, news reports of celebrity suicides had a small positive effect on intentions.ConclusionsThis research could not establish Werther effects for either of the news reports. Exposure to news reports of non‐celebrity suicides had a small positive effect on intentions overall, but young adults with higher levels of depression were slightly more motivated to seek help after viewing news reports of celebrity suicides.
Exploring the direct and indirect effects of cardiovascular disease risk factors on exercise blood pressure
Authors: Moore Myles N. , Blizzard Christopher L. , Dwyer Terence , Magnussen Costan G. , Sharman James E. , Venn Alison J. , Schultz Martin G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveExaggerated exercise blood pressure (BP) is independently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. However, it is unknown how individual CVD risk factors may interact with one another to influence exercise BP. The aim of this study was to quantify direct and indirect associations between CVD risk factors and exercise BP, to determine what CVD risk factor/s most‐strongly relate to exercise BP.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional design, 660 participants (44 ± 2.6 years, 54% male) from the population‐based Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study had BP measured during low‐intensity fixed‐workload cycling. CVD risk factors were measured, including body composition, clinic (rest) BP, blood biomarkers, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Associations between CVD risk factors and exercise BP were assessed using linear regression, with direct and indirect pathways of association assessed via structural equation model.ResultsSex, waist‐to‐hip ratio, fitness, and clinic BP were independently associated with exercise systolic BP (SBP), and along with age, had direct associations with exercise SBP (p < 0.05 all). Most CVD risk factors were indirectly associated with exercise SBP via a relation with clinic BP (p < 0.05 all). Clinic BP, waist‐to‐hip ratio, and fitness were most‐strongly associated (direct and indirect association) with exercise SBP (β[95% CI]: 9.35 [8.04, 10.67], 4.91 [2.56, 7.26], and −2.88 [−4.25, −1.51] mm Hg/SD, respectively).ConclusionMany CVD risk factors are associated with exercise BP, mostly with indirect effects via clinic BP. Clinic BP, body composition, and fitness were most‐strongly associated with exercise BP. These results may elucidate how lifestyle modification could be a primary strategy to decrease exaggerated exercise BP‐related CVD risk.
The economic impact of broadband access for small firms
Authors: Koutroumpis Pantelis , Sarri Danai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the economic effects of improved broadband access at the firm level. Using a detailed micro data set from 2002 to 2017, we cover almost 20,000 small, medium and large Greek firms and test the relationship between their economic performance with the availability and use of broadband services at the postcode level. We trace the effect of increased access and speeds across industrial sectors and firm sizes. Our results highlight that increases in broadband speeds can improve the financial performance of adopting small firms (sales, profits and labour productivity) by 2% for every speed doubling beyond basic broadband access. Unlike other output metrics, small firms do not generate increasing shares of intangible capital through this adoption process. These effects, which remain strong across a range of robustness checks, suggest that the digital transition for small firms should focus on the causes of adoption (including training and skill development) and move beyond policies aimed at increased broadband availability alone.
Nutrient supplementation of culture media improves the detection of Cutibacterium acnes in platelet components by an automated culture system
Authors: Kumaran Dilini , Ramirez‐Arcos Sandra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPlatelet concentrates (PCs) contaminated with Cutibacterium acnes are often transfused prior to detection by the BACT/ALERT system. Though C. acnes is implicated in mild transfusion reactions, delayed clinical effects are unknown. This study assessed the ability to enhance C. acnes detection by supplementing culture media with Tween 80 (T80, an oleic acid source) and a commercial nutrient supplement.Materials and MethodsAnaerobic culture bottles (BPN) were supplemented with T80 or oleic acid. T80‐supplemented BPN bottles were inoculated with four C. acnes isolates (10 or 100 colony‐forming units [CFU]/bottle) or other transfusion‐relevant bacteria (10 CFU/bottle). Samples of plasma containing SSP+ (platelet additive solution [PAS]) (PAS‐plasma) at different concentrations, plasma‐PCs and PAS‐PCs, spiked with two C. acnes isolates (10 CFU/bottle), were inoculated into T80‐supplemented BPN bottles. Furthermore, plasma‐PCs were spiked with C. acnes and tested in BPN bottles supplemented with the BD Difco Supplement VX (BDVx). Bottles were incubated in the BACT/ALERT system and times to detection (TtoD) were compared (N = 3).ResultsA reduction in TtoD of ≤3.5 days was observed for C. acnes in T80‐supplemented BPN, while other species did not show the same effect. However, false positives were observed when T80‐supplemented BPN was inoculated with PAS‐plasma (except for 70% PAS:30% plasma), plasma‐PCs or PAS‐PCs. Oleic acid supplementation also resulted in false positives. Interestingly, BDVx‐supplemented BPN reduced the TtoD of C. acnes in PCs by ≤1.2 days (p < 0.05), with no false‐positive results.ConclusionBDVx supplementation for detection of C. acnes from PCs could result in timely unit retrieval, preventing the transfusion of contaminated products. In clinical settings, T80 supplementation could significantly enhance C. acnes detection from non‐blood‐derived samples.
Situating physiology within evolutionary theory
Authors: Gontier Nathalie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTraditionally defined as the science of the living, or as the field that beyond anatomical structure and bodily form studies functional organization and behaviour, physiology has long been excluded from evolutionary research. The main reason for this exclusion is that physiology has a presential and futuristic outlook on life, while evolutionary theory is traditionally defined as the study of natural history. In this paper, I re‐evaluate these classic science divisions and situate physiology within the history of the evolutionary sciences, as well as within debates on the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis and the need for a Third Way of Evolution. I then briefly point out how evolutionary physiology in particular contributes to research on function, causation, teleonomy, agency and cognition.
image
Genomic markers of drug resistance in
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
populations with minority variants
Authors: Zhang Xiaomei , Lam Connie , Martinez Elena , Sim Eby , Crighton Taryn , Marais Ben J. , Sintchenko Vitali 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Minority variants of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
harboring mutations conferring resistance can become dominant populations during tuberculosis (TB) treatment, leading to treatment failure. Our understanding of drug-resistant within-host subpopulations and the frequency of resistance-conferring mutations in minority variants remains limited.
M. tuberculosis
sequences recovered from liquid cultures of culture-confirmed TB cases notified between January 2017 and December 2021 in New South Wales, Australia were examined. Potential drug resistance-conferring minority variants were identified using LoFreq, and mixed populations of different
M. tuberculosis
strains (≥100 SNPs apart) were examined using QuantTB. A total of 1831 routinely sequenced
M. tuberculosis
strains were included in the analysis. Drug resistance-conferring minority variants were detected in 3.5% (65/1831) of sequenced cultures; 84.6% (55/65) had majority strains that were drug susceptible and 15.4% (10/65) had majority strains that were drug resistant. Minority variants with high-confidence drug resistance-conferring mutations were 1.5 times more common when the majority strains were drug resistant. Mixed
M. tuberculosis
strain populations were documented in 10.0% (183/1831) of specimens. Minority variants with high-confidence drug resistance-conferring mutations were more frequently detected in mixed
M. tuberculosis
strain populations (2.7%, 5/183) than in single strain populations (0.6%, 10/1648;
P
= 0.01). Drug-resistant minority variants require monitoring in settings that implement routine
M. tuberculosis
sequencing. The frequency with which drug-resistant minority variants are detected is likely influenced by pre-culture requirement. Culture-independent sequencing methods should provide a more accurate reflection of drug-resistant subpopulations.
Slow flow mimicking pulmonary embolism
Authors: Halloran Thomas , Gutierrez Manuel 
Published: September 2023

A man in his 70s in a rehabilitation hospital, post cerebral infarct, became acutely short of breath with reduced oxygen saturations and an elevated d-dimer.Non-occlusive filling defects were noted on the CT pulmonary angiogram in the proximal left pulmonary arteries. There was associated hypoplasia of the distal pulmonary arterial tree in the left hemithorax with left pulmonary vein stenosis. Review of previous imaging suggested this oligaemia was longstanding.Although filling defects in the pulmonary arteries usually correspond to embolic material, in our patient they were too dense to represent thrombus and probably represented flow-related artefacts in the setting of chronic air trapping.Given the associated volume loss, bronchiectasis and bronchial wall thickening in the left hemithorax Swyer-James-McLeod syndrome was thought to be the most likely underlying cause.
Long‐Term Outcomes of Cardiac Sarcoid: Prognostic Implications of Isolated Cardiac Involvement and Impact of Diagnostic Delays
Authors: Sink Joshua , Joyce Cara , Liebo Max J. , Wilber David J. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Isolated cardiac sarcoid (iCS) is reported to have more severe clinical presentation and greater risk of adverse events compared with cardiac sarcoid (CS) with extracardiac involvement (nonisolated CS). Delays in diagnosing specific organ involvement may play a role in these described differences.

Methods and Results

A retrospective observational study of patients with CS over a 20‐year period was conducted. Objective evidence of organ involvement and time of onset based on consensus criteria were identified. CS was confirmed by histology in all patients from myocardium only (iCS) or extracardiac tissue (nonisolated CS). The primary end point was a composite of mortality, orthotopic heart transplant, and durable left ventricular assist device implantation. CS was isolated in 9 of 50 patients (18%). Among baseline characteristics, iCS and nonisolated CS differed significantly only in the frequency of sustained ventricular tachycardia at presentation (78% versus 37%;
P
=0.03) and delay in CS diagnosis >6 months (67% versus 5%;
P
<0.01). A nonsignificant trend toward lower left ventricular ejection fraction and more frequent heart failure in iCS was observed. Over a median follow‐up of 9.7 years (95% CI, 6.8–10.8), 18 patients reached the primary end point (13 deaths, 2 orthotopic heart transplants, and 3 durable left ventricular assist device implantations). The 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year event‐free survival rates were 96% (95% CI, 85%–99%), 79% (95% CI, 64%–88%), and 58% (95% CI, 40%–73%), respectively, without differences between groups. There were no significant predictors of the primary end point, including delayed CS diagnosis.

Conclusions
Long‐term outcomes were similar between iCS and nonisolated CS in patients with histologically documented sarcoid. Diagnostic delays may contribute to differences in the dominant clinical presentation, despite similar outcomes.
An mTORC1‐Dependent Mouse Model for Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Bueno‐Beti Carlos , Lim Clarice X. , Protonotarios Alexandros , Szabo Petra Lujza , Westaby Joseph , Mazic Mario , Sheppard Mary N. , Behr Elijah , Hamza Ouafa , Kiss Attila , Podesser Bruno K. , Hengstschläger Markus , Weichhart Thomas , Asimaki Angeliki 
Published: September 2023

Background
Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory, granulomatous disease of unknown cause affecting multiple organs, including the heart. Untreated, unresolved granulomatous inflammation can lead to cardiac fibrosis, arrhythmias, and eventually heart failure. Here we characterize the cardiac phenotype of mice with chronic activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 signaling in myeloid cells known to cause spontaneous pulmonary sarcoid‐like granulomas.

Methods and Results

The cardiac phenotype of mice with conditional deletion of the
tuberous sclerosis 2
(
TSC2
) gene in CD11c
+
cells (TSC2
fl/fl
CD11c‐Cre; termed
TSC2
KO
) and controls (
TSC2
fl/fl
) was determined by histological and immunological stains. Transthoracic echocardiography and invasive hemodynamic measurements were performed to assess myocardial function.
TSC2
KO
animals were treated with either everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, or Bay11‐7082, a nuclear factor‐kB inhibitor. Activation of mTOR signaling was evaluated on myocardial samples from sudden cardiac death victims with a postmortem diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis. Chronic activation of mTORC1 signaling in CD11c
+
cells was sufficient to initiate progressive accumulation of granulomatous infiltrates in the heart, which was associated with increased fibrosis, impaired cardiac function, decreased plakoglobin expression, and abnormal connexin 43 distribution, a substrate for life‐threatening arrhythmias. Mice treated with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus resolved granulomatous infiltrates, prevented fibrosis, and improved cardiac dysfunction. In line, activation of mTOR signaling in CD68
+
macrophages was detected in the hearts of sudden cardiac death victims who suffered from cardiac sarcoidosis.

Conclusions
To our best knowledge this is the first animal model of cardiac sarcoidosis that recapitulates major pathological hallmarks of human disease. mTOR inhibition may be a therapeutic option for patients with cardiac sarcoidosis.