bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development of a Cancer Pain Belief Modification Program for patients with oral cancer in China: a feasibility study
Authors: Wang Rongna , Zheng Xiaoyan , Su Xixi , Huang Xiuyu , Liu Huangju , Guo Yulai , Gao Ji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Acceptance-based pain management interventions have been receiving growing attention in cancer pain care. This study aimed to develop a cancer pain management program based on belief modification to improve the cancer pain experience of Chinese oral cancer survivors and to explore the acceptability and preliminary outcomes of the Cancer Pain Belief Modification Program (CPBMP).

Methods
A mixed-methods approach was applied to develop and revise the program. The CPBMP was developed and revised using the Delphi technique, and its further improvement was explored with a one-group pre- and post-trial designed with a sample of 16 Chinese oral cancer survivors, and semi-structured interviews. Research instruments included Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Chinese version of Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised for Cancer Pain (IPQ-CaCP), and the University of Washington Quality of Life assessment scale (UW-QOL). Descriptive statistics, t-test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used to analyse the data. The semi-structured questions were analysed using content analysis.

Results
The six-module CPBMP was endorsed by most experts and patients. The expert authority coefficient value was 0.75 in the first round of the Delphi survey and 0.78 in the second round. The “pain intense”, “negative pain beliefs” scores of pre- and post-testing decreased from 5.63 ± 0.48 to 0.81 ± 0.54 (t = -3.746, p < 0.001); from 140.63 ± 9.02 to 52.75 ± 7.27 (Z = 12.406, p < 0.001); and the “positive pain beliefs”, “quality of life” scores increased from 55.13 ± 4.54 to 66.00 ± 4.70 (Z = -6.983, p < 0.001); from 66.97 ± 15.01 to 86.69 ± 8.42 (Z = 7.283, p < 0.001). The qualitative data also indicated that CPBMP was well acceptable.

Conclusion
Our study showed the acceptability and preliminary outcomes of CPBMP patients. CPBMP improves the pain experience of Chinese oral cancer patients and provides a reference for cancer pain management in the future.

Trial registration
The feasibility study has already been registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) (www.chictr.org.cn) in 11/09/2021. (ChiCTR2100051065).
Individual and contextual level enablers and barriers determining electronic community health information system implementation in northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Hailemariam Tesfahun , Atnafu Asmamaw , Gezie Lemma Derseh , Kaasbøll Jens Johan , Klein Jörn , Tilahun Binyam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe government of Ethiopia has envisioned digitalizing primary healthcare units through the electronic community health information system (eCHIS) program as a re-engineering strategy aiming to improve healthcare data quality, use, and service provision. The eCHIS is intended as a community-wide initiative to integrate lower health structure with higher administrative health and service delivery unit with the ultimate goal of improving community health. However, the success or failure of the program depends on the level of identifying enablers and barriers of the implementation. Therefore, this study aimed to explore individual and contextual-level enablers and barriers determining eCHIS implementation.MethodWe conducted an exploratory study to determine the enablers and barriers to successfully implementing eCHIS in rural Wogera district, northwest Ethiopia. In-depth interviews and key informant interviews were applied at participants from multiple sites. A thematic content analysis was conducted based on the key themes reported. We applied the five components of consolidated framework for implementation research to interpret the findings.ResultsFirst, based on the intervention's characteristics, implementers valued the eCHIS program. However, its implementation was impacted by the heavy workload, limited or absent network and electricity. Outer-setting challenges were staff turnover, presence of competing projects, and lack of incentive mechanisms. In terms of the inner setting, lack of institutionalization and ownership were mentioned as barriers to the implementation. Resource allocation, community mobilization, leaders’ engagement, and availability of help desk need emphasis for a better achievement. With regard to characteristics of the individuals, limited digital literacy, older age, lack of peer-to-peer support, and limited self-expectancy posed challenges to the implementation. Finally, the importance of mentoring and engaging community and religious leaders, volunteers, having defined plan and regular meetings were identified elements of the implementation process and need emphasis.ConclusionThe findings underlined the potential enablers and barriers of eCHIS program for quality health data generation, use, and service provision and highlighted areas that require emphasis for further scale-up. The success and sustainability of the eCHIS require ongoing government commitment, sufficient resource allocation, institutionalization, capacity building, communication, planning, monitoring, and evaluation.
Reduced folate carrier 1 is present in retinal microvessels and crucial for the inner blood retinal barrier integrity
Authors: Gurler Gokce , Belder Nevin , Beker Mustafa Caglar , Sever-Bahcekapili Melike , Uruk Gokhan , Kilic Ertugrul , Yemisci Muge 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1; SLC19a1) is the main responsible transporter for the B9 family of vitamins named folates, which are essential for normal tissue growth and development. While folate deficiency resulted in retinal vasculopathy, the expression and the role of RFC1 in blood-retinal barrier (BRB) are not well known.

Methods
We used whole mount retinas and trypsin digested microvessel samples of adult mice. To knockdown RFC1, we delivered RFC1-targeted short interfering RNA (RFC1-siRNA) intravitreally; while, to upregulate RFC1 we delivered lentiviral vector overexpressing RFC1. Retinal ischemia was induced 1-h by applying FeCl3 to central retinal artery. We used RT-qPCR and Western blotting to determine RFC1. Endothelium (CD31), pericytes (PDGFR-beta, CD13, NG2), tight-junctions (Occludin, Claudin-5 and ZO-1), main basal membrane protein (Collagen-4), endogenous IgG and RFC1 were determined immunohistochemically.

Results
Our analyses on whole mount retinas and trypsin digested microvessel samples of adult mice revealed the presence of RFC1 in the inner BRB and colocalization with endothelial cells and pericytes. Knocking down RFC1 expression via siRNA delivery resulted in the disintegration of tight junction proteins and collagen-4 in twenty-four hours, which was accompanied by significant endogenous IgG extravasation. This indicated the impairment of BRB integrity after an abrupt RFC1 decrease. Furthermore, lentiviral vector-mediated RFC1 overexpression resulted in increased tight junction proteins and collagen-4, confirming the structural role of RFC1 in the inner BRB. Acute retinal ischemia decreased collagen-4 and occludin levels and led to an increase in RFC1. Besides, the pre-ischemic overexpression of RFC1 partially rescued collagen-4 and occludin levels which would be decreased after ischemia.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our study clarifies the presence of RFC1 protein in the inner BRB, which has recently been defined as hypoxia–immune-related gene in other tissues and offers a novel perspective of retinal RFC1. Hence, other than being a folate carrier, RFC1 is an acute regulator of the inner BRB in healthy and ischemic retinas.
Fixation techniques in lower extremity correction osteotomies and fractures in mild-to-severe osteogenesis imperfecta patients: evaluation of the results and complications
Authors: Emet Abdulsamet , Yilmaz Engin Turkay , Danisman Murat , Aksoy Cemalettin , Yilmaz Guney 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder leading to multiple fractures and deformities. Intramedullary rods have been used in the surgical treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta for decades. Complication rates reported by current techniques have been high. This study aimed to examine the results of intramedullary fixation combined with plate and screw technique in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta compared to isolated intramedullary fixation.

Methods
Between 2006 and 2020, forty patients who had surgical treatment for deformities or fractures of the femur, tibia or both with at least two years of follow-up after surgery were included in the study. Patients were divided into groups according to fixation methods. Group 1 was intramedullary fixation only (Titanium Elastic Nail [TEN], Rush Pin, and Fassier-Duval Rod), and Group 2 was intramedullary fixation combined with plate and screws. Medical records and follow-up radiographs were reviewed to evaluate healing and callus formation, types of complications and infection rates.

Results
The total number of operated lower extremities of these forty patients was 61 (45 femur and 16 tibia). The mean age of the patients was 9.3 ± 4.6 years. Mean follow-up duration of the patients was 4.4 ± 1.7 years. Thirty-seven (61%) were in Group 1, and 24 (39%) were in Group 2. There was no statistically significant difference in callus formation time between Group 1 and Group 2 (p = 0.67). Complications occurred in 21 of 61 surgeries. While 17 of these complications were in Group 1, 4 were in Group 2 (p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Intramedullary fixation combined with the plate and screw technique in children with osteogenesis imperfecta is successful considering the complications and revision requirements.
Progress in quality control, detection techniques, speciation and risk assessment of heavy metals in marine traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Guo Yuan-sheng , Zuo Tian-tian , Chen An-zhen , Wang Zhao , Jin Hong-yu , Wei Feng , Li Ping , Ma Shuang-cheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMarine traditional Chinese medicines (MTCMs) hold a significant place in the rich cultural heritage in China. It plays an irreplaceable role in addressing human diseases and serves as a crucial pillar for the development of China's marine economy. However, the rapid pace of industrialization has raised concerns about the safety of MTCM, particularly in relation to heavy metal pollution. Heavy metal pollution poses a significant threat to the development of MTCM and human health, necessitating the need for detection analysis and risk assessment of heavy metals in MTCM. In this paper, the current research status, pollution situation, detection and analysis technology, removal technology and risk assessment of heavy metals in MTCM are discussed, and the establishment of a pollution detection database and a comprehensive quality and safety supervision system for MTCM is proposed. These measures aim to enhance understanding of heavy metals and harmful elements in MTCM. It is expected to provide a valuable reference for the control of heavy metals and harmful elements in MTCM, as well as the sustainable development and application of MTCM.
Shared genetic risk loci between Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Wainberg Michael , Andrews Shea J. , Tripathy Shreejoy J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have indicated moderate genetic overlap between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), neurodegenerative disorders traditionally considered etiologically distinct. However, the specific genetic variants and loci underlying this overlap remain almost entirely unknown.

Methods
We leveraged state-of-the-art GWAS for ADRD, PD, and ALS. For each pair of disorders, we examined each of the GWAS hits for one disorder and tested whether they were also significant for the other disorder, applying Bonferroni correction for the number of variants tested. This approach rigorously controls the family-wise error rate for both disorders, analogously to genome-wide significance.

Results
Eleven loci with GWAS hits for one disorder were also associated with one or both of the other disorders: one with all three disorders (the MAPT/KANSL1 locus), five with ADRD and PD (near LCORL, CLU, SETD1A/KAT8, WWOX, and GRN), three with ADRD and ALS (near GPX3, HS3ST5/HDAC2/MARCKS, and TSPOAP1), and two with PD and ALS (near GAK/TMEM175 and NEK1). Two of these loci (LCORL and NEK1) were associated with an increased risk of one disorder but decreased risk of another. Colocalization analysis supported a shared causal variant between ADRD and PD at the CLU, WWOX, and LCORL loci, between ADRD and ALS at the TSPOAP1 locus, and between PD and ALS at the NEK1 and GAK/TMEM175 loci. To address the concern that ADRD is an imperfect proxy for AD and that the ADRD and PD GWAS have overlapping participants (nearly all of which are from the UK Biobank), we confirmed that all our ADRD associations had nearly identical odds ratios in an AD GWAS that excluded the UK Biobank, and all but one remained nominally significant (p < 0.05) for AD.

Conclusions
In one of the most comprehensive investigations to date of pleiotropy between neurodegenerative disorders, we identify eleven genetic risk loci shared among ADRD, PD, and ALS. These loci support lysosomal/autophagic dysfunction (GAK/TMEM175, GRN, KANSL1), neuroinflammation/immunity (TSPOAP1), oxidative stress (GPX3, KANSL1), and the DNA damage response (NEK1) as transdiagnostic processes underlying multiple neurodegenerative disorders.
Anesthesia in patients with Brugada syndrome: two case reports
Authors: Hsu Che-Hao , Lin Shin-Hong , Chang Li-Yen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Brugada syndrome is a rare disease. It causes sudden cardiac arrest, which is a serious life-threatening event. Sudden cardiac death mostly results from coronary artery disease. However, patients with Brugada syndrome show normal cardiac anatomy and no evidence of ischemia or electrolyte imbalance. Anesthesia in patients with Brugada syndrome is challenging due to its unpredictable nature, and is worth our attention.

Case presentation
We report two cases of Brugada syndrome during anesthesia. In case one, a 31-year-old Filipino laborer was scheduled for laparoscopic appendectomy. The patient denied any preexisting cardiac disease. The preoperative vital signs were stable, with mild fever of 37.9 °C. The operation was smooth. During the emergence period, the patient suffered from sudden onset of ventricular tachycardia. After resuscitation, the cardiac rhythm returned to normal. Later, he was confirmed to have a genetic trait of Brugada syndrome. In case two, a young Taiwanese patient with pre-diagnosed Brugada syndrome underwent an operation. The perioperative precautions were taken to prevent the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia. The surgery was uneventful.

Conclusions
Brugada syndrome, although rare, has the highest incidence in South East Asian healthy young males. It brings attention to possible fatal cardiac arrhythmia in this population. Careful preoperative evaluation and perioperative management can help reduce the harmful outcome of the disease and prevent any untoward events.
Improving the consistency of experimental swine dysentery inoculation strategies
Authors: Parra-Aguirre Juan C. , Nosach Roman , Fernando Champika , Hill Janet E. , Harding John C. S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSwine dysentery (SD) caused by pathogenic Brachyspira spp. is an economic challenge for the swine industry. In research settings, experimental reproduction of swine dysentery typically relies on intragastric inoculation which has shown variable success. This project aimed to improve the consistency of the experimental inoculation protocol used for swine dysentery in our laboratory. Over six experiments, we evaluated the influence of group housing in inoculated pigs using a frozen-thawed broth culture of strongly hemolytic B. hyodysenteriae strain D19 (Trial A), compared the relative virulence of B. hyodysenteriae strains D19 and G44 (Trial B), compared inoculum volumes (50 mL vs 100 mL) for G44 and B. hampsonii 30446 (Trial C), and performed three independent trials evaluating intragastric inoculation using different oral inoculation methods: oral feed balls (Trial D), and oral syringe bolus of 100 mL (Trial E) or 300 mL (Trial F). Intragastric inoculation with a fresh broth culture of B. hyodysenteriae strain G44 resulted in a shorter incubation period and a higher proportionate duration of mucohemorrhagic diarrhea (MMHD) compared to D19. Intragastric inoculation with either 50 or 100 mL of B. hampsonii 30446 or B. hyodysenteriae (G44) were statistically equivalent. Oral inoculation with 100 mL or 300 mL also yielded similar results to intragastric inoculation but was more expensive due to the additional work and supplies associated with syringe training. Our future research will use intragastric inoculation with 100 mL of a fresh broth culture containing B. hyodysenteriae strain G44 as it yields a high incidence of mucohaemorrhagic diarrhea with a reasonable cost.
Targeting liver cancer stem cell through EpCAM therapy targeted with chemotherapy endorse enhanced progression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sekar Vasanthakumar , Veerabathiran Ramakrishnan , Pandian Arjun , Sivamani Ganesan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Two chief hurdles in most cancer treatments are chemoresistance and tumor recurrence, especially counting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most conformist chemotherapy fails to completely cure HCC patients because of its susceptibility to develop multidrug resistance (MDR) through factors such as hypoxia, cancer stem cells, and drug efflux mechanism cancer stem cells (CSC) which are significant factors involved in chemoresistance. It has been exposed that targeting liver cancer stem cells and chemotherapeutic drugs have a better selected, overall survival rate for hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Aim
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of targeting stem cells for liver cancer using a therapy that targets EpCAM in combination with chemotherapy and how this approach can enhance the treatment outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma, the most prevalent kind of liver cancer.

Results
The outcome was studied by flow cytometry, Western blot, RT-PCR, and cytotoxicity assays. EpCAM gene silenced and XAV939-treated cells showed decreased expression of CD133, a liver cancer stem cell (LCSC) marker in flow cytometry analysis, and reduced expression of ABCG2 gene, which is a reliable marker for chemoresistance in RT-PCR and western blot analysis; it was also unable to form colonies in colony forming assay. Similarly, in the spheroid formation assay, EpCAM gene silenced cells and XAV939-treated cells in combinations with cisplatin treatment were powerless to appear spheroid, whereas cisplatin alone-treated cells showed spheroids. In the cytotoxicity assay, cisplatin alone and combined with EpCAM silenced and XAV939-treated cells showed more lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release than EpCAM silenced arm XAV939 treated components.

Conclusion
These findings confirm our hypothesis that conventional chemotherapy kills cancer cells but not cancer stem cells. We believe EpCAM-targeted therapy enhances chemosensitivity and decreases relapsed chances. This approach might be the best option for a better prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
First-in-Human, Phase I Dose-Escalation and Dose-Expansion Study of Trophoblast Cell-Surface Antigen 2–Directed Antibody-Drug Conjugate Datopotamab Deruxtecan in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: TROPION-PanTumor01
Authors: Shimizu Toshio , Sands Jacob , Yoh Kiyotaka , Spira Alexander , Garon Edward B. , Kitazono Satoru , Johnson Melissa L. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Tolcher Anthony W. , Yamamoto Noboru , Greenberg Jon , Kawasaki Yui , Zebger-Gong Hong , Kobayashi Fumiaki , Phillips Penny , Lisberg Aaron E. , Heist Rebecca S. 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE This first-in-human, dose-escalation and dose-expansion study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd), a novel trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2)–directed antibody-drug conjugate in solid tumors, including advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Adults with locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC received 0.27-10 mg/kg Dato-DXd once every 3 weeks during escalation or 4, 6, or 8 mg/kg Dato-DXd once every 3 weeks during expansion. Primary end points were safety and tolerability. Secondary end points included objective response rate (ORR), survival, and pharmacokinetics. RESULTS Two hundred ten patients received Dato-DXd, including 180 in the 4-8 mg/kg dose-expansion cohorts. This population had a median of three prior lines of therapy. The maximum tolerated dose was 8 mg/kg once every 3 weeks; the recommended dose for further development was 6 mg/kg once every 3 weeks. In patients receiving 6 mg/kg (n = 50), median duration on study, including follow-up, and median exposure were 13.3 and 3.5 months, respectively. The most frequent any-grade treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were nausea (64%), stomatitis (60%), and alopecia (42%). Grade ≥3 TEAEs and treatment-related AEs occurred in 54% and 26% of patients, respectively. Interstitial lung disease adjudicated as drug-related (two grade 2 and one grade 4) occurred in three of 50 patients (6%). The ORR was 26% (95% CI, 14.6 to 40.3), and median duration of response was 10.5 months; median progression-free survival and overall survival were 6.9 months (95% CI, 2.7 to 8.8 months) and 11.4 months (95% CI, 7.1 to 20.6 months), respectively. Responses occurred regardless of TROP2 expression. CONCLUSION Promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile were seen with Dato-DXd in heavily pretreated patients with advanced NSCLC. Further investigation as first-line combination therapy in advanced NSCLC and as monotherapy in the second-line setting and beyond is ongoing.
Spontaneous velocity alignment of Brownian particles with feedback-induced propulsion
(a)
Authors: Kopp R. A. , Klapp S. H. L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Based on Brownian dynamics simulations we study the collective behavior of a two-dimensional system of repulsively interacting colloidal particles, where each particle is propelled by a repulsive feedback force with time delay τ. Although the pair interactions are purely isotropic we observe a spontaneous, large-scale alignment of the velocity vectors. This phenomenon persists for long times and occurs in the absence of steady-state clustering. We explain our observations by a combination of the effect of steric interactions yielding local velocity ordering, and the effect of time delay, that generates cluster dissolution, velocity persistence and velocity alignment over large distances. Overall, the behavior reveals intriguing similarities, but also differences, with that observed in models of active matter, such as active Brownian particles and the Vicsek model.