bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Quantitative IgG and Interferon-Gamma Responses After Different Booster Strategies of CoronaVac and BNT162b2 Vaccines in Turkey
Authors: Ocakli Aylin Irem , Kurtcu Seyma Aybuke Ozyar , Uzun Mertcan , Cavdar Merve Kasikci , Dizman Gulcin Telli , Metan Gokhan , Akova Murat , Saribas Zeynep , Sener Burcin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The global effort to combat the COVID-19 pandemic requires a comprehensive assessment of vaccine efficacy, humoral and cellular immune responses. The current study aimed to determine the effects of CoronaVac and BNT162b2 boosters on quantitative IgG and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) responses of individuals primed with two doses of CoronaVac in Turkey. This prospective cohort study included 48 participants aged 18–59 years, without any comorbidities and were not under drug therapy, with no clinical history of COVID-19. The study was conducted in three groups: Group 1 was composed of individuals immunized with three doses of CoronaVac; Group 2 two doses of CoronaVac and one dose of BNT162b2; Group 3 two doses of CoronaVac plus two doses of BNT162b2. Humoral immunity was assessed by the determination of the IgG levels against the spike RBD protein of SARS-CoV-2 and cellular immunity by the IFN-γ release assay.
Results
When the 6–12 month post-vaccination period was considered, the lowest quantitative IgG levels were detected in group 1 in which the booster was applied as CoronaVac. IgG levels were higher in the two groups with BNT162b2 boosters, group 3 (two BNT boosters) revealed the highest levels. The highest IFN-γ response was observed in the group with two BNT162b2 booster applications. Although the difference between the IFN-γ levels was not statistically significant for the three groups, the individuals boosted with the mRNA vaccine revealed two- and three-fold higher levels in comparison to the homologous boosted individuals. No significant gender difference was found for IgG and IFN-γ values in the three groups. The IgG and IFN-γ median values of the younger participants were significantly higher than those of the older participants in Group 3.
Conclusions
We conclude that although both homologous and heterologous boosting in inactivated vaccine-primed individuals provided effective humoral and cellular immunity, boosting with two doses of BNT162b2 should be prioritized, particularly in people with a higher risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2, since it exhibited a clearly positive impact on both humoral and cellular immunity.
Opsin 5 mediates violet light-induced early growth response-1 expression in the mouse retina
Authors: Jeong Heonuk , Lee Deokho , Jiang Xiaoyan , Negishi Kazuno , Tsubota Kazuo , Kurihara Toshihide 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Myopia is an abnormal vision condition characterized by difficulties in seeing distant objects. Myopia has become a public health issue not only in Asian countries but also in Western countries. Previously, we found that violet light (VL, 360–400 nm wavelength) exposure effectively suppressed myopia progression in experimental chick and mice models of myopia. The inhibitory effects of VL on myopia progression are reduced in retina-specific opsin 5 (Opn5) knockout (KO) mice. Furthermore, VL exposure upregulated early growth response-1 (Egr-1) expression in the chorioretinal tissues of chicks. However, the expression of EGR-1 and role of OPN5 in mice following VL exposure remain unclear. In this study, we examined whether VL exposure-induced EGR-1 upregulation depends on Opn5 expression in the mouse retina. EGR-1 mRNA and protein expressions increased in the mouse retina and mouse retinal 661W cells following VL exposure. These increases were consistently reduced in retina specific Opn5 conditional KO mice and Opn5 KO 661W cells. Our results suggest that OPN5 mediates VL-induced EGR-1 upregulation in mice. These molecular targets could be considered for the prevention and treatment of myopia.
Identifying acute illness phenotypes via deep temporal interpolation and clustering network on physiologic signatures
Authors: Ren Yuanfang , Li Yanjun , Loftus Tyler J. , Balch Jeremy , Abbott Kenneth L. , Ruppert Matthew M. , Guan Ziyuan , Shickel Benjamin , Rashidi Parisa , Ozrazgat-Baslanti Tezcan , Bihorac Azra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: While the initial few hours of a hospital admission can significantly impact a patient’s clinical trajectory, early clinical decisions often suffer due to data paucity. By using clustering analysis for patient vital signs that were recorded in the first six hours after hospital admission, unique patient phenotypes with distinct pathophysiological signatures and clinical outcomes may be revealed and support early clinical decision-making. Historically, phenotyping based on these early vital signs has proven challenging, as vital signs are typically sampled sporadically.
Methods: We created a single-center, longitudinal dataset of electronic health record data for 75,762 adult patients admitted to a tertiary care center for at least six hours. We proposed a novel, deep temporal interpolation and clustering network to simultaneously extract latent representations from sparse and irregularly sampled vital sign data and derived distinct patient phenotypes within a training cohort (n=41,502). Model and hyper-parameters were selected based on a validation cohort (n=17,415). A test cohort (n=16,845) was used to analyze reproducibility and correlation with clinical biomarkers.
Results: The three cohorts—training, validation, and testing—had comparable distributions of age (54-55 years), sex (55% female), race, comorbidities, and illness severity. Four distinct clusters were identified. Phenotype A (18%) had the greatest prevalence of comorbid disease with increased prevalence of prolonged respiratory insufficiency, acute kidney injury, sepsis, and long-term (three-year) mortality. Phenotypes B (33%) and C (31%) had a diffuse pattern of mild organ dysfunction. Phenotype B’s favorable short-term clinical outcomes were tempered by the second highest rate of long-term mortality. Phenotype C had favorable clinical outcomes. Phenotype D (17%) exhibited early and persistent hypotension, high incidence of early surgery, and substantial biomarker incidence of inflammation. Despite early and severe illness, phenotype D had the second lowest long-term mortality. After comparing the various phenotypes’ sequential organ failure assessment scores, the results of the clustering did not simply provide a recapitulation of previous acuity assessments.
Conclusions: Within a heterogeneous cohort of patients in hospitals, four phenotypes with distinct categories of disease and clinical outcomes were identified by using a deep temporal interpolation and clustering network. This tool may impact triage decisions and have significant implications for clinical decision-support under time constraints and uncertainty.
Specxai - Spectral Interpretability of Deep Learning Models
Authors: Balu Aditya , Druc Stefan , Wooldridge Peter , Krishnamurthy Adarsh , Sarkar Soumik 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Deep learning is becoming increasingly adopted in almost all sectors of business due to its ability to transform large quantities of data into high-performing models. The power of deep learning is that it can capture non-trivial and non-linear phenomena from data that even humans can find hard to interpret. Despite this, these models are generally regarded as black boxes, which, despite their performance, could hinder their adoption in some industries. Trusting these models for essential engineering applications such as automotive, energy, healthcare, and finance is difficult without any reasoning. In this context, the field of eXplainable AI attempts to develop techniques that temper the impenetrable nature of the models and promote a level of understanding of their behavior. Here, we present a novel framework, SpecXAI, based on the spectral characterization of the entire network. We show how this framework can be used to not only understand the model but also manipulate it into a more interpretable and linear symbolic representation, which is useful for better understanding the model's behavior.
Association between Obstructive sleep apnea and Allergic rhinitis in the United States: NHANES 2005–2006
Authors: Wang Chao , Shi Mengdi , Qin Zhu , Wang Jingyi , Li Wentao , Wang Rui , Xie Liangzhen , Li Yan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Exploring whether allergic rhinitis increases the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Complete records of allergic rhinitis and sleep about OSA from the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The American people were divided into two groups: AR, NAR. OSA was assessed by three main signs and symptoms from the questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression after adjusting for covariates was conducted to investigate the association of OSA with AR or NAR patterns. Among the 4864 participants, the prevalence of OSA was higher among AR participants compared to NAR participants (P < 0.0001).And AR participants also had other sleep problem. Our findings point out the hazard of OSA was once greater in AR affected person than NAR patient. And in contrast with NAR affected person AR affected person additionally have different sleep problem.
Compressive strength prediction of recycled aggregate concrete based on DE-XGBoost algorithm model and explainable machine learning
Authors: Guo Lei , luo Wei , Tian WenFeng , Guo LiXia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the current concrete performance prediction research, common machine learning algorithms include random forest (RF), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), LightGBM (Light Gradient Boosting Machine), extreme gradient boosting tree (XGBoost), etc. Based on the compressive strength data of recycled aggregate concrete at different ages under different mixing ratios, this paper establishes a combined model (DE-XGBoost) of differential evolution algorithm (DE) and extreme gradient boosting tree algorithm (XGBoost), using XGBoost, Light GBM, GBDT, RF models as comparisons, and R², RMSE, MSE and MAE as model evaluation indexes. Use interpretability machine learning algorithms (SHAPs) to explore the feature importance of model input features to output results. The results show that: (1) In a single model, the prediction accuracy of XGBoost model (R²=0.9599) is better than that of Light GBM (R²=0.9493), GBDT (R²=0.9459), RF (R²=0.9321) model; (2) The prediction accuracy of the DE-XGBoost combination model is improved by 1.12% compared with the XGBoost model, and the RMSE, MSE and MAE values are reduced by 16.09%, 29.60% and 27.77%, respectively.
Fabrication and investigation of oxidized- β- Cyclodextrin nanoparticle as a novel class pH responsive drug delivery vehicle
Authors: Bergal Ayhan , Andac Muberra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Oxidized β- cyclodextrin (O-β-CD) nanoparticle was synthesized using oxidation process and Amoxicillin trihydrate (AMOX) model drug was integrated both via Schiff base reaction (C = N bond) as well as inclusion into cavity of O-β-CD to evaluate pH-responsive drug release behavior. The drug loaded nanocarrier (AM-O-β-CD) was characterized and results showed this formation, encapsulation and morphological change with average particle size (398 ± 8.51nm), negative zeta potential values (-25.4 ± 1.54) and high entrapment efficiency (86.1%). The in vitro release behavior of AM-O-β-CD was evaluated in physiological buffer conditions (0.1 M PBS, pH 5.2, at 37°C). It was found that drug-loaded AM-O-β-CD showed sustain, prolonged much higher drug release profile (94.72%) in low pH than that of the pure drug (24.18%) in the same acidic medium. Release kinetics of drug loaded AM-O-β-CD was determined according to well-known mathematical models, revealing that in vitro release profile could be best expressed by Higuchi kinetic model as release data showed the highest linearity (R2 = 0.967) so that drug release takes place due to both dissolution and diffusion as it is expected. As a result, it has been proven that the nanostructure has the potential to be pH sensitive drug carrier, especially for drugs containing NH2 side groups in acidic environments.
A pan-cancer analysis indicates long noncoding RNA HAND2-AS1 as a potential prognostic, immunomodulatory and therapeutic biomarker in various cancers including colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Samadi Pouria , Shahnazari Mina , Shekari Abolfazl , Maghool Fatemeh , Jalali Akram 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The HAND2-AS1 (HAND2 Antisense RNA 1) lncRNA has emerged as a participant in the initiation of various cancer types, underscoring its pivotal involvement in both oncological processes and immune responses. To gain deeper insights into the functional nuances of HAND2-AS1 and identify novel avenues for cancer immunotherapy, a comprehensive evaluation of this gene was undertaken. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are rising as essential regulators of gene expression and pivotal contributors to immune modulation. Here, based on the co-expression network analysis and construction of interacting lncRNA-mRNA genes, we introduce the HAND2-AS1 lncRNA, emphasizing its key roles in tumorigenesis and immune regulation. Our study spans across 33 distinct cancer types, revealing the HAND2-AS1's aberrant expression patterns, methylation variations, mutational signatures, and immune engagement. Across a majority of tumors, HAND2-AS1 exhibited a propensity for down-regulation, remarkably an association with poor survival outcomes. The outcomes of functional enrichment analyses strongly suggest HAND2-AS1's engagement in tumor progression and its association with various immune pathways across diverse tumor classifications. Additionally, a positive correlation emerged between HAND2-AS1 expression and the infiltration levels of key immune cells, encompassing not only immunosuppressive entities such as tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and Tregs, but also immune effector cells like NK cells and CD8 + T cells, spanning a pan-cancer context. Furthermore, the differential expression of HAND2-AS1 appears to have downstream consequences on various pathways, thus implicating it as a potential regulator in diverse cancer types. Finally, we have employed CRC tumor and normal samples to carry out clinical validation of HAND2-AS1. Our study unveils HAND2-AS1's potential as a pan-cancer tumor suppressor, and its essential role in the tumorigenesis and immune surveillance. The heightened HAND2-AS1 expression emerges as a promising candidate for prognostic evaluation, therapeutic stratagem, and a focal point for immunotherapeutic interventions.
A double single-ended resonant inverter for low harmonic line frequency applications
Authors: Daoud Jafar M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Some of the problems with photovoltaic projects for household applications are the cost, efficiency and complexity of the inverter. various inverter topologies are in use but they do not provide a boost and true sinewave voltage without additional complex circuitry. A double-switch resonant inverter with two different capacitor configurations is proposed in this paper. The performance of this topology is verified both by simulation and experimentally. The output voltage of the proposed resonant inverter has a true sinusoidal waveform at no-load, pure capacitive and pure inductive load conditions. At resistive load, the waveform is noticeably near sinusoidal and the THD is nonzero. Formulae for the resonant frequency and the voltage gain are derived and verified. The circuit was tested under different operating conditions and parameters for achieving zero-voltage switching (ZVS). The results show that there are no stability issues with the proposed circuit and that a closed-loop control is not required. The proposed topology is applicable to a wide range of loads and dc voltage sources at power-line frequencies.
Contamination Level, Spatial Distribution, and sources of Potentially Toxic Elements in Indoor Settled Household Dusts in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Khajooee Neda , Modabberi Soroush , Zadeh Behnoush Khoshmanesh , Razavian Fatemeh , Gayà-Caro Nuria , Sierra Jordi , Rovira Joaquim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Tehran, the capital city of Iran has been facing air pollution since several decades ago because of rapid urbanization and population growth and improper use of vehicles, and low quality of fuels. In this study, 31 indoor dust samples were collected passively from residential, and commercial buildings located in the central and crowded districts of the city and were analyzed after sample preparation for elements (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, V, Zn). Statistical data analyses were used in comparing their relationship in various uses and variations and source identification. Geochemical indices of Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were used to evaluate the degree of contamination.
The mean concentration of Zn, Cu, and Pb (938, 206, and 176 µg g-1), are 6, 5, and 3 times higher than their mean values for worldwide urban soils, respectively and Cd, Mo, and Ni showed about 1.5 times higher concentrations while As, Co, Cr, Mn, and Sr were within the range of reference soils. Be, V, and Sb showed remarkably lower mean values. Building use does not influence element levels in indoor deposited dust except for Pb and Zn. A comparison of indoor concentrations with previously published data for outdoor dusts showed that Mo, Cu, Pb, and Ni are more enriched while As, Cd and Zn are less enriched in street dusts. The CF values indicate the order of Hg>Zn>Cd>Pb>Cu>As>Ni>Cr>Co>V. For Hg, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu all or almost all of the samples showed very highly contamination. PLI showed values higher than 1, or contamination in all samples. The multivariate statistical analysis and specific geological location of Tehran indicated that mafic-intermediate volcanic rocks are the main sources for Cr, Cu, Fe, and Ni (PC1). As, Pb and V (PC2) are attributed to fossil fuel combustion in vehicles and residential buildings. Pb is a legacy metal remained from using leaded gasoline, which was phased out in the 1990s. Zn (PC3) is derived from vehicle tires.
Predictors of Intestinal Obstruction in Hospitalized Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Iqbal Humzah , Sohal Aalam , Singh Ishandeep , Kohli Isha , Chaudhry Hunza , Dukovic Dino , Prajapati Devang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex condition that has a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM). IBD consists of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both of which can lead to several complications including abscess, fistula formation, bleeding, obstruction, and malignancy. Bowel obstruction is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. Our study aims to assess predictors of developing intestinal obstruction in hospitalized patients with IBD.
Methods
Patients with a diagnosis of IBD were identified using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2016-2020. IBD patients were identified using ICD-10 codes. Patients <18 years and with a diagnosis of both UC and CD were excluded. Patients were stratified based on the presence of intestinal obstruction during hospitalization. Data were collected regarding age, gender, race, primary insurance, median income, hospital region, hospital bed size, and comorbidities. Other variables included presence of fistula, abscess, bleed, colorectal cancer (CRC), diverticulitis, and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The association between variables and primary outcome of intestinal obstruction was evaluated using multivariate regression analysis.
Results
A total of 1,517,485 patients with IBD were included in the final analysis. Among these, 10.1% had intestinal obstruction. The patients with IBD and intestinal obstruction were younger, 18-44 yrs (40.3%), female (51.3%), White (80.3%) and had Medicare insurance (32.5%). After adjusting for confounding factors, fistula (aOR 1.19, p< 0.001, CRC (aOR 2.94, P < 0.001), and tobacco use (aOR 1.09, P < 0.001) had higher odds of developing intestinal obstruction during hospitalization. Patients with abscess (aOR 0.91, P = 0.04), bleeding (aOR 0.22, P < 0.001), Hispanic race (aOR 0.86, P < 0.001), and female sex (aOR 0.76, P < 0.001) had lower odds of developing obstruction.
Conclusion
Our study found factors associated with higher and lower odds of developing bowel obstruction. Disparities were noted based on race and gender regarding the odds of developing obstruction. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms driving these findings.
Suboptimal Surgery and Oncologic Outcomes in Women with Ovarian Cancer: An Analysis of Predictive Factors
Authors: Mahasub Nanhathai , Hanamornroongruang Suchanan , Kuljarusnont Sompop , Achariyapota Vuthinun , Karnchanabanyong Wathirada , Maikong Nayada , Ruengkhachorn Irene 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purposes:
(1) To evaluate the response rate to primary treatment of patients with epithelial ovarian/tubal/primary peritoneal carcinoma and suboptimal surgery. (2) To identify the predicting factors for a response and survival. (3) To analyze the survival outcomes of patients.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of patients who underwent suboptimal surgery between May 2006 and December 2020. Data on clinical profiles, histopathology, tumor stages, surgical methods and outcomes, adjuvant treatment, and primary treatment outcomes were collected. Follow-up data were documented until March 31, 2023. Oncologic outcomes were analyzed.
Results:
Three hundred twenty patients were included. The overall response rate was 58.1%. The median progression free survival (PFS) was 13.2 months [Interquartile range (IQR) 6.7-20.6], and the median overall survival (OS) was 32.9 months [IQR, 15.0-53.6]. Two factors were significantly associated with no response: neoadjuvant chemotherapy (adjusted odd ratio (aOR) 3.342; 95% CI, 1.619-6.900, P=0.001), and high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC; aOR 0.153, 95% CI 0.092-0.255, P<0.001). HGSC was significantly associated with a longer median PFS (15.9 vs 7.1 months, P<0.001) and a longer median OS (38.6 vs 16.6 months, P<0.001).
Conclusions:
The oncologic outcomes of the study patients were comparable to those of patients in landmark trials. HGSC has a higher response rate, longer PFS, and longer OS than non-HGSC.