bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Effects of Repetitive Panfacial Filler Injections on Facelift Surgery and Surgical Outcomes: Survey Results of the Members of The Aesthetic Society
Authors: Sweis Iliana , DeRoss Lance , Raman Shreya , Patel Pravin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Facial soft-tissue filler injections are being performed in the United States with increasing popularity.

Objectives
This study aimed to characterize the observations of The Aesthetic Society members regarding the potential impact of repetitive panfacial fillers on the outcomes of subsequent facelift surgery.

Methods
A survey containing closed and open-ended questions was sent to The Aesthetic Society members through email.

Results
The response rate was 3.7%. The majority of the respondents (80.8%) believed that less than 60% of their facelift patients had previous repetitive panfacial filler injections. One half (51.9%) reported that a history of panfacial filler injections increased the difficulty of performing facelifts. A large subset (39.7%) of respondents believed that a history of panfacial fillers increased postoperative complication rates, while the remaining either disagreed (28.9%) or were unsure (31.4%). The most common complications following the facelift surgery included undesirable palpability or visibility of filler (32.7%), compromised flap vascularity (15.4%), and decreased longevity of the lifting effect (9.6%).

Conclusions
This study identified a potential association with repetitive panfacial filler injections and outcomes following facelift surgery, although the exact effect on postoperative outcomes remains unclear. Large prospectively designed studies are needed to capture objective data comparing facelift patients with a history of repetitive panfacial fillers with those facelift patients who have never had injectables. Given the results of The Aesthetic Society members’ survey, the authors encourage careful history-taking to elicit an accurate filler injection record including complications after filler injections, as well as engaging patients in a thorough preoperative discussion regarding the potential of panfacial fillers on the facelift procedure and postoperative outcomes.

Level of Evidence: 5
AD-Syn-Net: systematic identification of Alzheimer’s disease-associated mutation and co-mutation vulnerabilities via deep learning
Authors: Pan Xingxin , Coban Akdemir Zeynep H , Gao Ruixuan , Jiang Xiaoqian , Sheynkman Gloria M , Wu Erxi , Huang Jason H , Sahni Nidhi , Yi S Stephen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most challenging neurodegenerative diseases because of its complicated and progressive mechanisms, and multiple risk factors. Increasing research evidence demonstrates that genetics may be a key factor responsible for the occurrence of the disease. Although previous reports identified quite a few AD-associated genes, they were mostly limited owing to patient sample size and selection bias. There is a lack of comprehensive research aimed to identify AD-associated risk mutations systematically. To address this challenge, we hereby construct a large-scale AD mutation and co-mutation framework (‘AD-Syn-Net’), and propose deep learning models named Deep-SMCI and Deep-CMCI configured with fully connected layers that are capable of predicting cognitive impairment of subjects effectively based on genetic mutation and co-mutation profiles. Next, we apply the customized frameworks to data sets to evaluate the importance scores of the mutations and identified mutation effectors and co-mutation combination vulnerabilities contributing to cognitive impairment. Furthermore, we evaluate the influence of mutation pairs on the network architecture to dissect the genetic organization of AD and identify novel co-mutations that could be responsible for dementia, laying a solid foundation for proposing future targeted therapy for AD precision medicine. Our deep learning model codes are available open access here: https://github.com/Pan-Bio/AD-mutation-effectors.
A noise-robust deep clustering of biomolecular ions improves interpretability of mass spectrometric images
Authors: Guo Dan , Föll Melanie Christine , Bemis Kylie Ariel , Vitek Olga 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMotivationMass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) analyzes complex biological samples such as tissues. It simultaneously characterizes the ions present in the tissue in the form of mass spectra, and the spatial distribution of the ions across the tissue in the form of ion images. Unsupervised clustering of ion images facilitates the interpretation in the spectral domain, by identifying groups of ions with similar spatial distributions. Unfortunately, many current methods for clustering ion images ignore the spatial features of the images, and are therefore unable to learn these features for clustering purposes. Alternative methods extract spatial features using deep neural networks pre-trained on natural image tasks; however, this is often inadequate since ion images are substantially noisier than natural images.ResultsWe contribute a deep clustering approach for ion images that accounts for both spatial contextual features and noise. In evaluations on a simulated dataset and on four experimental datasets of different tissue types, the proposed method grouped ions from the same source into a same cluster more frequently than existing methods. We further demonstrated that using ion image clustering as a pre-processing step facilitated the interpretation of a subsequent spatial segmentation as compared to using either all the ions or one ion at a time. As a result, the proposed approach facilitated the interpretability of MSI data in both the spectral domain and the spatial domain.Availabilityand implementationThe data and code are available at https://github.com/DanGuo1223/mzClustering.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Arbaclofen extended-release tablets for spasticity in multiple sclerosis: open-label extension study
Authors: Okuda Darin T , Kantor Daniel , Jaros Mark , deVries Tina , Hunter Samuel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBaclofen, a racemic γ-aminobutyric acid B receptor agonist, is commonly used for the management of multiple sclerosis–related spasticity but is associated with frequent dosing and poor tolerability. Arbaclofen, the active R-enantiomer of baclofen, exhibits 100- to 1000-fold greater specificity for the γ-aminobutyric acid B receptor compared with the S-enantiomer and ∼5-fold greater potency compared with racemic baclofen. Arbaclofen extended-release tablets allow a dosing interval of 12 h and have shown a favourable safety and efficacy profile in early clinical development. A 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 trial in adults with multiple sclerosis–related spasticity demonstrated that arbaclofen extended-release 40 mg/day significantly reduced spasticity symptoms compared with placebo and was safe and well tolerated. The current study is an open-label extension of the Phase 3 trial designed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of arbaclofen extended-release. In a 52-week, open-label, multicentre study, adults with a Total Numeric-transformed Modified Ashworth Scale score ≥2 in the most affected limb received oral arbaclofen extended-release titrated over 9 days up to 80 mg/day based on tolerability. The primary objective was assessment of arbaclofen extended-release safety and tolerability. Secondary objectives included an assessment of efficacy using the Total Numeric-transformed Modified Ashworth Scale-most affected limb, the Patient Global Impression of Change and Expanded Disability Status Scale. Of 323 patients enrolled, 218 (67.5%) completed 1 year of treatment. Most patients (74.0%) achieved an arbaclofen extended-release maintenance dose of 80 mg/day. At least one treatment-emergent adverse event was reported by 278 patients (86.1%). The most common adverse events were [n patients (%)]: urinary tract disorder [112 (34.7)], muscle weakness [77 (23.8)], asthenia [61 (18.9)], nausea [70 (21.7)], dizziness [52 (16.1)], somnolence [41 (12.7)], vomiting [29 (9.0)], headache [24 (7.4)] and gait disturbance [20 (6.2)]. Most adverse events were of mild–moderate severity. Twenty-eight serious adverse events were reported. One death occurred during the study, a myocardial infarction that was considered by investigators as unlikely to be related to treatment. Overall, 14.9% of patients discontinued due to adverse events, primarily muscle weakness, multiple sclerosis relapse, asthenia and nausea. Evidence of improvement in multiple sclerosis–related spasticity was observed across arbaclofen extended-release dosages. Arbaclofen extended-release treatment (up to 80 mg/day) was well tolerated and reduced symptoms of spasticity in adult patients with multiple sclerosis for 1 year.Clinical Trial Identifier: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03319732
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is a Risk Factor for Thiopurine Hepatotoxicity in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: George Alvin T , Glover Matthew , Alayo Quazim , Zulfiqar Maria , Ludwig Daniel R , Ciorba Matthew A , McHenry Scott , Deepak Parakkal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Crohn’s disease (CD) are predisposed to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). CD management often includes thiopurines which can promote hepatotoxicity. We aimed to identify the role of NAFLD on the risk of developing liver injury from thiopurines in CD.MethodsIn this prospective cohort analysis, CD patients at a single center were recruited 6/2017–5/2018. Patients with alternative liver diseases were excluded. The primary outcome was time to elevation of liver enzymes. Patients underwent MRI with assessment of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) on enrollment, where NAFLD was defined as PDFF &gt;5.5%. Statistical analysis was performed using a Cox-proportional hazards model.ResultsOf the 311 CD patients studied, 116 (37%) were treated with thiopurines, 54 (47%) of which were found to have NAFLD. At follow-up, there were 44 total cases of elevated liver enzymes in those treated with thiopurines. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that NAFLD was a predictor of elevated liver enzymes in patients with CD treated with thiopurines (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.2–7.3, P = .018) independent of age, body mass index, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. Steatosis severity by PDFF positively correlated with peak alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at follow-up. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated poorer complication-free survival (log-rank 13.1, P &lt; .001).ConclusionsNAFLD at baseline is a risk factor for thiopurine-induced hepatotoxicity in patients with CD. The degree of liver fat positively correlated with the degree of ALT elevation. These data suggest that evaluation for hepatic steatosis be considered in patients with liver enzyme elevations with thiopurine therapy.
Are There Edge Effects on the Genetic Diversity of the Trap-Jaw Ant Odontomachus chelifer (Formicidae: Ponerinae) in a Neotropical Savanna Fragment? A First Assessment
Authors: Azevedo-Silva Marianne , Lemos Alessandra S M , Gonçalves-Neto Salatiel , Salles Luís F P , Pereyra Mariana , Christianini Alexander V , Souza Anete P , Oliveira Paulo S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Habitat fragmentation is considered an important threat to biodiversity, increasing species exposure to edge effects. The Brazilian Cerrado savanna is considered a biodiversity hotspot and has been converted to small, isolated fragments due to human activities. Ant communities and colony survivorship are known to be affected by edge effects in Cerrado, but to date there is no information on the genetic diversity of ant colonies at the edge of fragmented areas. Here, we investigate if colony genetic diversity and structure of Odontomachus chelifer (Latreille) ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are subject to edge effects in a Cerrado reserve in southeast Brazil. Using microsatellites, we evaluated the number of breeders (queens and males) and the genetic diversity in O. chelifer colonies located in the interior versus edge of a Cerrado fragment. All O. chelifer nests had multiple queens, which presented a low mating frequency. The number of breeders and most estimates of genetic diversity did not differ between colonies at the edge versus interior of the fragment. Genetic structure was not influenced by nest location as well. However, we detected a small and positive increase in the observed heterozygosity in colonies located at fragment edges. High heterozygosity is thought to be particularly important in fast-changing environments, such as edges, providing an advantage for genetic diversity. Further investigation is needed to assess in greater detail how habitat loss affects O. chelifer biology. Our study is a first step toward elucidating edge effects on genetic diversity of ant colonies, a topic still poorly explored in tropical environments.
Hydrodynamicex vivoanalysis of valve-sparing techniques: assessment and comparison
Authors: Di Leonardo Sofia , Vella Danila , Grillo Carmelo Savio , Martorana Carla , Torre Salvatore , Argano Vincenzo , Burriesci Gaetano 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESValve-sparing procedures are surgical techniques allowing to restore adequate function of the native aortic valve by replacing the dysfunctional ascending aorta with a prosthetic conduit. A number of techniques are currently used, such as Yacoub’s remodelling and David’s reimplantation, based on a regular straight conduit. More recently, the De Paulis proposed the use of bulging conduits to reconstruct the shape of the Valsalva sinuses. This work investigates the impact of the valve-sparing technique on the aortic valve function.METHODSThe performance of 3 porcine aortic roots (Medtronic Freestyle™) was assessed in a cardiovascular pulse duplicator before and after performing 3 alternative valve-sparing procedures: David’s reimplantation, Yacoub’s remodelling and De Paulis’ reimplantation.RESULTSThe porcine aortic roots, representative of the healthy native configuration, were characterized by the highest efficiency, with a mean energetic dissipation under normal operating conditions of 26 mJ. David’s and Yacoub’s techniques resulted in significantly lower performance (with mean energetic loss of about 70 mJ for both cases). The De Paulis’ procedure exhibited intermediate behaviour, with superior systolic performance and valve dynamics similar to the native case, and a mean energetic loss of 38 mJ.CONCLUSIONSThe dynamics and performance after valve-sparing strongly depend on the adopted technique, with the use of conduits replicating the presence of Valsalva sinuses restoring more physiological conditions.
Functional tug of war between kinases, phosphatases, and the Gcn5 acetyltransferase in chromatin and cell cycle checkpoint controls
Authors: Liu Qihao , Pillus Lorraine , Petty Emily L 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Covalent modifications of chromatin regulate genomic structure and accessibility in diverse biological processes such as transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and DNA damage repair. Many histone modifications have been characterized, yet understanding the interactions between these and their combinatorial effects remains an active area of investigation, including dissecting functional interactions between enzymes mediating these modifications. In budding yeast, the histone acetyltransferase Gcn5 interacts with Rts1, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Implicated in the interaction is the potential for the dynamic phosphorylation of conserved residues on histone H2B and the Cse4 centromere-specific histone H3 variant. To probe these dynamics, we sought to identify kinases which contribute to the phosphorylated state. In a directed screen beginning with in silico analysis of the 127 members of yeast kinome, we have now identified 16 kinases with genetic interactions with GCN5 and specifically found distinct roles for the Hog1 stress-activated protein kinase. Deletion of HOG1 (hog1Δ) rescues gcn5Δ sensitivity to the microtubule poison nocodazole and the lethality of the gcn5Δ rts1Δ double mutant. The Hog1–Gcn5 interaction requires the conserved H2B-T91 residue, which is phosphorylated in vertebrate species. Furthermore, deletion of HOG1 decreases aneuploidy and apoptotic populations in gcn5Δ cells. Together, these results introduce Hog1 as a kinase that functionally opposes Gcn5 and Rts1 in the context of the spindle assembly checkpoint and suggest further kinases may also influence GCN5's functions.
Epigenetic and Genetic Population Structure is Coupled in a Marine Invertebrate
Authors: Silliman Katherine , Spencer Laura H , White Samuel J , Roberts Steven B 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDelineating the relative influence of genotype and the environment on DNA methylation is critical for characterizing the spectrum of organism fitness as driven by adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. In this study, we integrated genomic and DNA methylation data for two distinct Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida) populations while controlling for within-generation environmental influences. In addition to providing the first characterization of genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in the oyster genus Ostrea, we identified 3,963 differentially methylated loci between populations. Our results show a clear coupling between genetic and epigenetic patterns of variation, with 27% of variation in interindividual methylation differences explained by genotype. Underlying this association are both direct genetic changes in CpGs (CpG-SNPs) and genetic variation with indirect influence on methylation (mQTLs). When comparing measures of genetic and epigenetic population divergence at specific genomic regions this relationship surprisingly breaks down, which has implications for the methods commonly used to study epigenetic and genetic coupling in marine invertebrates.
Age and Cognitive Ability Predict Emotion Regulation Strategy Use
Authors: Growney Claire M , English Tammy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study examines how age and cognitive ability predict use of different emotion regulation strategies in a laboratory task eliciting emotions varying in valence and arousal.

Methods
Participants (N = 287) aged 25–85 completed the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery and an emotion regulation task in a laboratory setting. They watched a series of emotional clips (disgust, sadness, amusement, and contentment) under instructions to increase positive emotions or decrease negative emotions. After each clip, they rated the extent to which they used emotion regulation strategies that involve different types of engagement with emotional stimuli and disengagement from emotional stimuli.

Results
Older age was predictive of greater use of immersive-engagement strategies (e.g., perspective taking) and less use of disengagement strategies (e.g., distraction). Fluid cognitive ability was positively associated with immersive-engagement strategy use, particularly for high-arousal clips. For older adults, fluid cognitive ability was also associated with using positive-engagement strategies (e.g., positive reappraisal) to a greater extent to regulate negative emotions.

Discussion
Patterns of emotion regulation strategy use varied by age, even when accounting for differences in reactivity. Findings suggest that older adults may not necessarily prefer strategies that are lower in cognitive demands or that focus on enhancing positivity. Results support the idea that strategy preferences are driven by a combination of characteristics of the regulator and the regulation context. The relevance of cognitive resources likely varies across situations, perhaps being most consequential for deeper processing of high-arousal stimuli and for older adults’ engagement with positive aspects of an otherwise negative situation.
Independencia, transparencia y rendición de cuentas: experiencia de la India con la designación de entidades reguladoras
Authors: Vakil Raeesa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Regulatory governance requires multiple, complex channels of accountability, especially when agencies are located at the conjunction of judicial, executive, and legislative powers. In this paper, I evaluate appointments to independent regulators in India, focusing on eight key bodies. A study of how they staff and manage their appointments, in the Indian context, demonstrates a significant reliance on judicial review as a mechanism of control, to the near exclusion of any other method of accountability. A limited effort to define certain regulators as judicial bodies, based on their decision-making functions, has enabled some accountability, but in other cases, judges struggle to find ways to constrain executive power outside the confines of judicial ­activity. As with other states that have active courts engaged in monitoring regulatory ­activity, the Indian case, as this paper argues, demonstrates that accountability is better achieved by supplementing judicial review with participatory governance and legislative frameworks.
The switch: The Israel High Court of Justice’s transition from occupation law to human rights law
Authors: Cohen Amichai , Shany Yuval 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
It has been suggested that the jurisprudence of the High Court of Justice (HCJ) relating to the territories occupied by Israeli in 1967 had effectively legitimized the occupation. Recent decisions by the HCJ suggest, however, that the legal paradigm it applies has shifted from Israeli administrative law to Israeli constitutional law, and from the international law of belligerent occupation to domestic human rights law. The Silwad judgment—a landmark decision from June 2020 in which the HCJ struck down the Regularization Law of 2017—illustrates this switch. Furthermore, it reflects the challenge confronting the HCJ when striving to facilitate structural change in the situation in the occupied territories. Contrary to some of the literature which criticized the switch to human rights norms for diluting the rights of Palestinians residing in the occupied territories, we submit that it potentially constitutes an important step in the direction of confronting the systematic discrimination of Palestinians which that belligerent occupation law paradigm failed to prevent.
Constitutional interpretation and legal consciousness: Out of the courts and onto the ground
Authors: Chua Lynette J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article examines the relevance of the study of legal consciousness, particularly that of ordinary people, to constitutional interpretation. It draws on sociolegal scholarship to explain how empirically informed, ground-up research on legal consciousness can make important contributions to the study of constitutional law away from elite actors and formal political institutions. Statutes, regulations, and court opinions that restrict the exercise of constitutional rights, and political discourse that is averse or friendly to activism and rights claims are conditions that shape the legal consciousness of ordinary people—their willingness and ability to make constitutional claims of their own in the courts, as well as their self-perceptions, social interactions, and relationships. Constitutional interpretation by ordinary people—their legal consciousness—in turn influences the development of constitutional law as it is interpreted by courts and other branches of government. By studying the words, thoughts, feelings, and (non)actions of citizens as a means of revealing how they perceive, think, and behave toward the constitution, scholars can produce a different type of study about constitutional interpretation—one that emerges from the ground up. Adopting the approach of legal consciousness research can contribute much-needed empirical insights into typically normative debates in legal scholarship about constitutional legitimacy and developments.