bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the rs2297518 of <i>NOS 2</i> gene as a genetic biomarker of arterial hypertension and “arterial hypertension and tension-type headache” phenotype (the pilot study in East Siberia)
Authors: Alyabyeva P. V. , Reznichenko P. A. , Shnayder N. A. , Kaskaeva D. S. , Petrova M. M. 
Published: January 2023

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important pathogenetic role in vascular relaxation and is a candidate molecule of a common pathogenetic link in the development of arterial hypertension (AH) and tension-type headache (TTH).Objective of the study was to study the association of the single nucleotide variant (SNV) rs2297518 of the NOS 2 gene with the risk of developing AH and clinical “AH + TTH” phenotype in adults living in a large industrial city of Eastern Siberia.Design and methods. All participants (N = 91) were divided into two groups: group 1 (patients with AH) — 60 people, including the main subgroup (patients with AH without headache) — 30 people and a comparable subgroup (patients with clinical phenotype “AH + TTH”) — 30 people; group 2 (control — healthy volunteers) — 31 people. Carriage of the SNV rs2297518 gene NOS 2 (locus 17q11.2) was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. The minor allele A rs2297518 of the NOS 2 gene was statistically significantly associated with a high risk of developing AH (odds ratio (OR) = 8,43 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 2,33–30,46], p = 0,000223) and phenotype “AH + TTH” (OR = 5,44 [95 % CI: 1,46–20,21], p = 0,006) compared with the control group. The heterozygous genotype GA rs2297518 of the NOS 2 gene also was statistically significantly associated with a high risk of developing AH (OR = 8,17 [95 % CI: 2,03–32,79], p = 0,001).Conclusions. The study demonstrated that the minor allele A of the SNV rs2297518 (26096597 G > A) of the NOS 2 gene, which encodes the inducible NO-synthase (iNOS), can be considered as a clinically significant genetic biomarker, first of all, of AH in the Caucasian population of Eastern Siberia. At the same time, future studies may clarify the role of this SNV as a genetic biomarker of the “AH + TTH” phenotype.
Influence of a new stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase on platelet aggregation and vascular endothelial function in experimental ischemic stroke against the background of arterial hypertension
Authors: Bykov V. V. , Bykova A. V. , Aliev O. I. , Stankevich S. A. , Khazanov V. A. , Vengerovsky A. I. , Udut V. V. 
Published: January 2023

Background. Correction of endothelial dysfunction during arterial hypertension (AH) is an important measure in preventing cerebrovascular stroke. Drugs activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and 3’,5’-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production independently of nitric oxide (NO) were shown to be therapeutically useful in reducing the risk of stroke. The present work aims to study the antiaggregant and endothelium-protective activity of a new sGC stimulator, an indolinone derivative (2-[2-[(5RS)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methyl-1,3-oxazolidine-2- yliden]-2-cyanoethylidene]-1H-indole-3(2H)-one (codename — GRS) in a model of ischemic stroke with AH. Prior studies have shown that GRS compound inhibits platelet aggregation, lowers blood pressure (BP) in spontaneouslyhypertensive SHR rats, prevents vascular occlusion in models of arterial and venous thrombosis. Antiplatelet drug clopidogrel, a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, included in the standard of care for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke, was used as the reference drug.Objective. To assess the antiaggregant and endothelium-protective activity of a new indolinone derivative GRS, an sGC stimulator, compared to clopidogrel in a model of ischemic stroke concomitant with high arterial BP in spontaneously-hypertensive SHR rats.Design and methods. Focal brain ischemia/reperfusion was modelled in spontaneously-hypertensive SHR rats (n = 78). GRS in 10 mg/kg dose and clopidogrel in 10 mg/kg dose were administered orally once daily 3 days before modelling ischemia/reperfusion and for 5 days afterwards. Platelet aggregation and functioning of vascular endothelium were monitored.Results. Focal brain ischemia/reperfusion in SHR rats resulted in increased platelet aggregation and the development of endothelial dysfunction and disruption of vasodilatory function of endothelium. GRS compound and clopidogrel in repeated administration have prevented an increase in platelet aggregation (p < 0,05), GRS compound also alleviated endothelial dysfunction (p < 0,05).Conclusions. The indolinone derivative GRS, an sGC stimulator, inhibits increased platelet aggregation and prevents endothelial dysfunction in rats after focal brain ischemia/ reperfusion; the endothelium-protective effects of GRS aren’t related to its antiaggregant activity.
Sistemas urbanos autopoiéticos. Las quebradas de Valparaíso como modelo de resiliencia urbana frente a la catástrofe = Autopoietic urban systems. The ravines of Valparaíso as a model of urban resilience in the face of catastrophe
Authors: Parada Pino Francisco Javier 
Published: January 2023

ResumenEl incendio de 2014 en Valparaíso es considerado el mayor evento de estas características ocurrido en la historia de esta ciudad, dejando un área urbana de devastación de 148 hectáreas, 2.910 casas destruidas y alrededor de 12.000 damnificados; siendo los principales afectados los habitantes de las áreas vulnerables de las quebradas. La intención del presente documento es abordar la incidencia de la catástrofe desde una perspectiva sistémica, entendiéndola de esta manera, no tan sólo como la devastación de la forma urbana, sino más bien, como un evento de ruptura capaz de inferir en la estructura organizacional del sistema urbano. Con ello, se pretende demostrar de qué manera la propia configuración del tejido social interno de las quebradas, presenta un interesante y eficiente modelo de resiliencia, en gran medida gracias a la propia configuración interna de estos subsistemas urbanos autoorganizados entre los cerros de Valparaíso. AbstractThe 2014 Valparaíso fire is considered the largest event of its kind in the history of this city. The wake of the fire left an urban area of 148 hectares devastated, 2,910 houses destroyed, and 12,000 people were affected. Most victims were the inhabitants of the especially vulnerable areas in the ravines. The intention of this paper is to approach the impact of the catastrophe from a systemic perspective, understanding it not only as urban devastation, but rather as a critical moment capable of affecting the organizational structure of the urban system. The aim is to demonstrate how the configuration of the internal social fabric of the population residing in the ravines presents an interesting and efficient model of resilience, largely thanks to the internal configuration of these self-organized urban subsystems nestled within the hills of Valparaíso.
Grain size and mineral variability of glacial marine sediments
Authors: Andrews John T. , Roth Wendy J. , Jennings Anne E. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Glacial marine sediment deposition varies both spatially and temporally, but nearly all studies evaluate down-core (∼ time) variations in sediment variables with little consideration for across core variability, or even the consistency of a data set over distance scales of 1 to 1000 m. Grain size and quantitative X-ray diffraction (qXRD) methods require only ≤ 1 g of sediment and thus analyses assume that the identification of coarse sand (i.e., ice-rafted debris) and sediment mineral composition are representative of the depth intervals. This assumption was tested for grain size and mineral weight % on core MD99-2317, off East Greenland. Samples were taken from two sections of the core that had contrasting coarse-sand content. A total of fourteen samples were taken consisting of seven (vertical) and two (horizontal) samples, with five replicates per sample for qXRD analyses and ∼ 10 to 20 replicates for grain size. They had an average dry weight of 10.5 ± 0.5 g and are compared with two previous sets of sediment samples that averaged 54.1 ± 18.9 g and 20.77 ± 5.8 g dry weight. The results indicated some significant differences between the pairs of samples for grain-size parameters (mean sortable silt, and median grain size) but little difference in the estimates of mineral weight percentages. Out of 84 paired mineral and grain-size comparisons only 17 were significantly different at p = &lt; 0.05 in the post-hoc Scheffe test, all of which were linked to grain-size attributes.
A Method to Determine the Chain Pillar Width considering Coal Burst and Goaf Ignition Dual-Hazard Management
Authors: Zhang Shizhong , Fan Gangwei , Li Wenping , Zhang Dongsheng , Wang Xuyang , Xie Wenwu , Zhang Wenhui , Han Xuesen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
High rock stress and ground temperature pose great threats to the routine production of longwall top coal caving (LTCC) panels. In this risky condition, the width of the chain pillar is considered a factor adjustable for controlling coal burst and goaf ignition hazards. However, a contradiction, as suggested by longwall experience, is that narrowing the pillar helps coal burst prevention but negatively leads to higher self-ignition potentials, while widening the pillar restrains goaf ignition but increases the likelihood of coal burst. This paper conducted a case study on a longwall panel from Tangkou Mine, China. The paper first analysed stress, elastic strain energy, and goaf temperature variation with varying pillar widths, by which the coal burst risk index δr and goaf ignition risk index Qs were defined and correlated to pillar width D. Further, a pillar width determination method considering coal burst and goaf ignition dual-hazard management was developed by means of the operating point principle. By this method, a reasonable width range was defined by plotting both correlation curves δr=fD and Qs=gD on a chart, followed by optimal width determination according to the intersection of both curves and further verification via a field trial.
Genotype/Subgenotype Distribution of Hepatitis B Virus in Hemodialysis Centers from Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors: ElOttol Abed elkader , Abdulla Mohammed , Sharif Fadel , Ashour Mohammed , Alashi Shadi , Altaher Akram , Khudier Diea , Abuzeid Nadir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is currently prevalent in 250 million people. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has been associated with cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver failure, and overall mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus, its genotype, mutations, and antiviral resistance in hemodialysis centers from the Gaza Strip, Palestine.
Results: From the 273 HD patients participating in the study from the four HD centers in Gaza Strip, HBcAb was detected in 19 patients (6.96%), where HBsAg was detected in 12 patients (4.4%). HBV DNA was detected in 17 of the 19 positive HBcAb patients (89.47%); sequencing of the positive DNA by Sanger methods for the partial polymerase gene of HBV shows that genotype D is the only detected genotype where subgenotype D1 is the common (82.35%) followed by D2 (17.65%); Detection of reverse transcriptase antiviral resistance was done for the nucleotide analog (NUCs) Lamivudine, Adefovir, Entecavir, Tenofovir, and Telbivudine and all cases were sensitive to the mentioned antiviral. Neighbor-joining tree analysis was used to construct a phylogenetic tree with 130 reference strains with genotype D retrieved from GenBank. HBsAg positive patients had ALT and AST mean values higher than negative patients with a highly statistically significant relationship (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Genotype D HBV is common in HD with emphasis on the significance of identifying genotype, mutation, and antiviral resistance among isolated positive samples because these elements are crucial to the progression of the illness, its severity, chronicity, and treatment response.
Population structure and selection signatures over generations in the composite Montana tropical ®
Authors: Santos Camila Alves , Paim Tiago do Prado , Ferraz José Bento Sterman , Espigolan Rafael , Oliveira Elisangela Chicaroni de Mattos , Giacomini Gabriela , Eler Joanir Pereira 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Knowledge of population structure and breed composition is important for managing breed information within a breeding program. Composite Montana Tropical® was developed by crossing animals of four different biological types or racial groups. By using genomic data it is possible to conduct several studies of population structure and selection signatures. Pedigree and genotype data (51962 SNP) from 3215 Montana Tropical® animals were used to (1) predict the composition of biological groups in the pedigree and how this composition relates to generations within the composite breed; (2) characterize the distribution of runs of homozygosity (ROH) in relation to generations within the composite breed; (3) estimate and compare the inbreeding coefficient (F) based on information from genomic markers (FROH) and pedigree (FPED); (4) identify genomic regions of islands of ROH; and (5) identify related traits in each significant genomic region under selection. The population structure (PCA and ADMIXTURE) was not related to the racial composition of the pedigree and has a strong relationship with the number of generations within the breed. There was an increase in FROH as the number of equivalent generations increased. Estimates of FROH in the Montana Tropical® population also showed that from the equivalent generation five onwards, there was a reduced number of animals with FROH equal to zero. It is believed that using PCA results in a breed’s genetic improvement program to correct for population structure is an interesting alternative to replace the correction by NABC proportions based on pedigree. The population study showed selection signatures in regions of chromosomes 4, 6, 20 and 26. The frequency with which markers in homozygosity were observed increased with the generations within the breed, demonstrating that it is really a selection process that is occurring after the formation of the composite population. Most of these selection signature regions present carcass quality QTLs demonstrating that the objective of developing a breed of cattle for pasture production systems is being achieved at the genomic level over the generations of the breed.
Study on centroid type-reduction of general type-2 fuzzy logic systems with sensible beginning weighted enhanced Karnik-Mendel algorithms
Authors: Chen Yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
General type-2 fuzzy logic systems have received wide concerns in current academic subject. Type-reduction is the kernel module for the systems. This paper shows the interpretations for the beginning of Karnik-Mendel (KM) algorithms. According to the famous numerical integration technique, the weighting approaches of enhanced Karnik-Mendel (EKM) algorithms are put forward. Then the sensible beginning weighted enhanced Karnik-Mendel (SBWEKM) algorithms are put forward to perform the centroid type-reduction. Compared with the EKM algorithms, WEKM algorithms and SBEKM algorithms, this approach helps to improve both the absolute errors and convergence speeds as shown in four computer simulation experiments.
Solidification and heat-treatment conditions affecting the tensile properties and fracture feature of an automotive AlSiMg alloy
Authors: Barbosa Carolina , Azevedo Hugo , Costa Sharlane , Ribeiro João , Carlos José , Costa Thiago , Rocha Otávio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, a study on the interrelationship between the solidification and heat-treatment processes parameters with tensile properties and fracture feature was performed with an automotive AlSiMg alloy. For that, samples of the horizontally solidified Al7Si0.3Mg (wt.%) alloy were subjected to the T6-heat treatment as well as tensile tests were performed on both investigated samples, under conditions established from the literature. The solidification conditions such as growth and cooling rates and the secondary dendritic spacing (VL and TR and λ2, respectively) and their effects on the ultimate tensile strength (σUTS) and elongation (E%) were evaluated. It was observed higher σUTS values ​​in the heat-treated samples and finer microstructures have inherited a better E% performance. Analysis by SEM/EDS fractography on both samples showed a mix between brittle and ductile fractures, constituted by cleavage facets, secondary cracks, facets covered with micro-voids, tear ridges and dimples. It has allowed deducing on the occurrence of a transition from ductile to brittle fracture along the solidified ingot as well as the predominance of brittle fracture in the heat-treated samples.
Effects of bioactive compound, Ginsenoside Rb1 on Burn Wounds Healing In Diabetic Rats: Influencing M1 To M2 Phenotypic Trans
Authors: Venkatesan Krishnaraju , Alghazwani Yahia , Sivadasan Durgaramani , Prabahar Kousalya , I.Asiri Yahya , Mohamed Jamal Moideen Muthu , Vasudevan Rajalakshimi , Khan Noohu Abdulla , Venkatesan Kumar , Paulsamy Premalatha , Krishnaraju Kalpana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Panax notoginseng (P.notoginseng) has been used traditionally to treat traumatic injuries.Ginsenoside Rb1, a key active ingredient derived from Panax notoginseng, has received a lot of interest due to its anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, and growth-promoting effectsoncells.The therapeutic benefits of ginsenoside Rb1 on burn wounds in STZ-induced diabetic rats, as well as the probable underlying processes, were investigated in this work. The skin wound healing effect of ginsenoside Rb1 (0.25% and 0.5% w/w) in a rat model of burn wounds in diabetic rats was observed at various time points after treatment. On days 5 and 19 following treatment,immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis forIL-1β, TNF-α, CD68 and CD163 of biological tissues were done. The macroscopic observation was used to track the healing of skin wounds at various periods. The protein expression of CD68 and CD163, which serve as M1 and M2 macrophage markers, was examined in detail. More notably, the ability of ginsenoside Rb1 to alter inflammatory markers (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10), influence on hydroxyproline and hexosamine was observed. As indicated by increased CD163 (M2) and reduced CD68 (M1) on day 5, ginsenoside Rb1 effectively flips the M1 to M2 phenotypic transition at the right time to improve burn wound healing in diabetic rats.Ginsenoside Rb1(0.5% w/w) treatment showed higher tensile strength, anti-inflammatory properties, antioxidant properties, increased tissue hexosamine and hydroxyproline levels. Skin tissue morphology was significantly improved following 19 days of ginsenoside Rb1 (0.5% w/w) therapy, according to hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. Furthermore,Ginsenoside Rb1 (0.5% w/w) favoured the inflammatory phase of burn wound healing (IL-6), assisted the proliferation process (IL-10) and had considerably lower expression of IL-1β and TNF-α on the later stage of wound healing.Overall, the data showed that ginsenoside Rb1(0.5% w/w) accelerates burn wound healing in diabetic rats through a mechanism that may be linked to the M1 to M2 phenotypic shift.
Lampreys underwent radical changes in ecology and morphology during the Jurassic era
Authors: Wu Feixiang , Janvier Philippe , Zhang Chi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLampreys, the oldest living jawless vertebrates, represent an iconic model in evolutionary biology and are always intriguing for their bizarre feeding behavior of sucking blood or gouging out tissues from their victims. They seemingly underwent few changes in morphology and feeding habit since their first appearance in the Late Devonian. However, their evolutionary history is not so simple, as demonstrated by two superbly preserved large lampreys from the Middle-Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota of North China. These fossils present radical changes in the feeding apparatus, body size, and life-history strategy of their group during the Jurassic era and paved the way for the origin of living lampreys. Their extensively toothed feeding structures are radically different from the simply structured dentition of their unusually small-sized and probably non-predatory Palaeozoic relatives but surprisingly resemble the Southern Hemisphere pouched lamprey, which foreshadows an ancestral flesh-eating habit for modern lampreys. In the petromyzontiform timetree recalibrated on the basis of these stem lampreys, the evolutionary increase of lampreys’ body size accompanied the establishment of the modern-type three-phased life cycle, which was likely triggered by the concurrent evolutionary thinning of the body integument of their most significant piscine hosts in the Early Jurassic. Our study also places modern lampreys’ origin in the Southern Hemisphere of the Late Cretaceous, followed by an early Cenozoic anti-tropical disjunction in distribution, hence challenging the conventional wisdom of their biogeographical pattern arising from a recent origin in the Northern Hemisphere or the tectonic fragmentation of Pangean supercontinent as far back as 200 million years ago.
Global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 reinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Joyeuse Ukwishaka , Yves Ndayishimiye , Esmeralda Destine , Celestin Danwang , Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged with a high transmissibility rate and resulted in numerous negative impacts on global life. Preventive measures such as facial masks, social distancing, and vaccination helped control the pandemic. Nonetheless, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as Omega and Delta, as well as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reinfection, raise additional concerns. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the overall prevalence of reinfection on global and regional scales.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted across three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest Central, including all articles pertaining to COVID-19 reinfection without language restriction. After critical appraisal and qualitative synthesis of the identified relevant articles, a meta-analysis considering random effects was used to pool the studies.
Results
We included 52 studies conducted between 2019 and 2022, with a total sample size of 3,623,655 patients. The overall prevalence of COVID-19 reinfection was 4.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.7–4.8%; n = 52), with high heterogeneity between studies. Africa had the highest prevalence of 4.7% (95% CI: 1.9–7.5%; n = 3), whereas Oceania and America had lower estimates of 0.3% (95% CI: 0.2–0.4%; n = 1) and 1% (95% CI: 0.8–1.3%; n = 7), respectively. The prevalence of reinfection in Europe and Asia was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8–1.5%; n = 8) and 3.8% (95% CI: 3.4–4.3%; n = 43), respectively. Studies that used a combined type of specimen had the highest prevalence of 7.6% (95% CI: 5.8–9.5%; n = 15) compared with those that used oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swabs only that had lower estimates of 6.7% (95% CI: 4.8–8.5%; n = 8), and 3.4% (95% CI: 2.8–4.0%; n = 12) respectively.
Conclusion
COVID-19 reinfection occurs with varying prevalence worldwide, with the highest occurring in Africa. Therefore, preventive measures, including vaccination, should be emphasized to ensure control of the pandemic.