bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of metabolism-related subtypes and feature genes in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lian Piaopiao , Cai Xing , Wang Cailin , Liu Ke , Yang Xiaoman , Wu Yi , Zhang Zhaoyuan , Ma Zhuoran , Cao Xuebing , Xu Yan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Owing to the heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease (AD), its pathogenic mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. Evidence suggests an important role of metabolism in the pathophysiology of AD. Herein, we identified the metabolism-related AD subtypes and feature genes.

Methods
The AD datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the metabolism-relevant genes were downloaded from a previously published compilation. Consensus clustering was performed to identify the AD subclasses. The clinical characteristics, correlations with metabolic signatures, and immune infiltration of the AD subclasses were evaluated. Feature genes were screened using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and processed via Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. Furthermore, three machine-learning algorithms were used to narrow down the selection of the feature genes. Finally, we identified the diagnostic value and expression of the feature genes using the AD dataset and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis.

Results
Three AD subclasses were identified, namely Metabolism Correlated (MC) A (MCA), MCB, and MCC subclasses. MCA contained signatures associated with high AD progression and may represent a high-risk subclass compared with the other two subclasses. MCA exhibited a high expression of genes related to glycolysis, fructose, and galactose metabolism, whereas genes associated with the citrate cycle and pyruvate metabolism were downregulated and associated with high immune infiltration. Conversely, MCB was associated with citrate cycle genes and exhibited elevated expression of immune checkpoint genes. Using WGCNA, 101 metabolic genes were identified to exhibit the strongest association with poor AD progression. Finally, the application of machine-learning algorithms enabled us to successfully identify eight feature genes, which were employed to develop a nomogram model that could bring distinct clinical benefits for patients with AD. As indicated by the AD datasets and qRT-PCR analysis, these genes were intimately associated with AD progression.

Conclusion
Metabolic dysfunction is associated with AD. Hypothetical molecular subclasses of AD based on metabolic genes may provide new insights for developing individualized therapy for AD. The feature genes highly correlated with AD progression included GFAP, CYB5R3, DARS, KIAA0513, EZR, KCNC1, COLEC12, and TST.
Predictive performance of triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) to identify glucose status conversion: a 5-year longitudinal cohort study in Chinese pre-diabetes people
Authors: Chen Xiaojie , Liu Danfeng , He Weiting , Hu Haofei , Wang Wenjian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) has been recommended as an alternative indicator of insulin resistance. However, the association between TyG and regression from prediabetes to normoglycemia remains to be elucidated.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study involved 25,248 subjects with prediabetes at baseline conducted from 2010 to 2016. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was designed to evaluate the role of TyG in identifying people at converting from prediabetes to normoglycemia. Cox proportional hazards regression with cubic spline functions and smooth curve fitting was used to dig out the nonlinear relationship between them. Detailed evaluations for TyG were also performed using sensitivity and subgroup analyse.

Results
Among the included prediabetes subjects (n = 25,248), the mean age was 49.27 ± 13.84 years old, and 16,701 (66.15%) were male. The mean TyG was 8.83 ± 0.60. The median follow-up time was 2.96 ± 0.90 years. 11,499 (45.54%) individuals had a final diagnosis of normoglycemia.
After adjusting for covariates, TyG was negatively affecting the results of glucose status conversion in prediabetes people (HR 0.895, 95% CI 0.863, 0.928). There was a nonlinear connection between TyG and normoglycemia in prediabetes people, and the inflection point was 8.88. The effect sizes (HR) on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) and 0.79 (0.74, 0.85), respectively. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these results. Subgroup analysis showed that TyG was more strongly associated with incident glucose status conversion in male, BMI ≥ 25. In contrast, there was a weaker relationship in those with female, BMI < 25.

Conclusion
Based on sample of subjects evaluated between 2010 and 2016, TyG index appears to be a promising marker for predicting normoglycemic conversion among prediabetes people in China. This study demonstrates a negative and non-linear association between TyG and glucose status conversion from prediabetes to normoglycemia. TyG is strongly related to glucose status conversion when TyG is above 8.88. From a therapeutic point of view, it is meaningful to maintain TyG levels within the inflection point to 8.88.
Heterotopically-placed right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit does not negatively affect outcomes
Authors: Kadeetham Khunthorn , Samankatiwat Piya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Since the introduction of surgical implantation of conduit for right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery pathway reconstruction, there has been a number of studies on possible factors which might potentially affect conduit longevity, as well as patient’s reintervention-free and overall survival. Still, no definite consensual agreement could be made thus far. We aimed to compare conduit longevity, reintervention-free survival, and overall survival between patients with congenital heart diseases indicated for operations involving right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery pathway reconstruction whose conduits were placed heterotopically to those with orthotopically placed ones.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively collected data from electronic medical records of Ramathibodi hospital from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2022. Patients with congenital heart diseases whose operations involved reconstruction of right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery continuity were included. Patients whose medical record data were significantly missing were excluded. Demographic data, operative, and postoperative details were collected and reviewed.

Results
There were 67 patients included in our study, with 25 receiving orthotopic and the other 42 receiving heterotopic conduit implantation. Conduit dysfunction-free, reintervention-free, and overall survival were not statistically different between both groups. There was 1 early and no late death up to the end date of our study.

Conclusions
Conduits placed on a heterotopic position did not result in worse longevity, reintervention-free survival, as well as overall survival when compared to conduits placed on an orthotopic position. This suggested that the less technically demanding heterotopic conduit placement could be recommended as an operation of choice for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction.
Nail psoriasis dynamics during biologic treatment and withdrawal in patients with psoriasis who may be at high risk of developing psoriatic arthritis: a post hoc analysis of the VOYAGE 2 randomized trial
Authors: Tillett William , Egeberg Alexander , Sonkoly Enikö , Gorecki Patricia , Tjärnlund Anna , Buyze Jozefien , Wegner Sven , McGonagle Dennis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Nail psoriasis is a common, physiologically, and psychologically disruptive, and yet often under-treated manifestation of psoriasis. The objectives of this analysis were to investigate the trajectory of nail psoriasis, a risk factor for psoriatic arthritis (PsA), with guselkumab vs adalimumab treatment followed by withdrawal, and determine characteristics associated with nail response in patients treated with guselkumab.

Methods
This post hoc analysis of the phase III trial VOYAGE 2 included patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and baseline nail involvement. Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) were analyzed through week 48 in patients randomized to guselkumab or adalimumab. Multiple logistic regression analyzed factors associated with NAPSI 0/1 at week 24/week 48 following guselkumab treatment. In a separate analysis, patients were stratified by prior biologic experience.

Results
Overall, 272 vs 132 patients receiving guselkumab vs adalimumab had nail psoriasis at baseline. Lower baseline NAPSI and week 16 PASI were associated with achieving NAPSI 0/1 at week 24 (NAPSI, odds ratio 0.685 [95% confidence interval: 0.586, 0.802]; week 16 PASI, 0.469 [0.281, 0.782]) and week 48 (NAPSI, 0.784 [0.674, 0.914]; week 16 PASI, 0.557 [0.331, 0.937]) with guselkumab. Previous biologic experience did not impact NAPSI response. Following treatment withdrawal at week 28, mean NAPSI was maintained in the guselkumab arm (week 24 1.7, week 48 1.9) and increased slightly in the adalimumab arm (week 24 1.4, week 48 2.3). Mean PASI increased across both treatment arms.

Conclusions
Higher skin efficacy at week 16 was associated with better nail responses during guselkumab treatment. Nail psoriasis improvements reflected skin improvements. Following guselkumab withdrawal, nail response was maintained longer than skin response. Future studies should investigate whether such improvements in nail response reduce patients’ risk of later PsA development.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02207244. Registered July 31, 2014.
Rotational stability can be enhanced in revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the over-the-top augmentation technique compared to single bundle technique
Authors: Lim Sumin , Park Ki-Hoon , Park Do Young , Kim Tae Hun , Koh Jeong-Hyun , Chung Jun Young 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is technically challenging due to mispositioned tunnels, bone loss, and tunnel enlargement, which may compromise graft fixation and result in failure. To obtain firm graft fixation and strength in one stage, we utilized an over-the-top augmentation technique using an Achilles tendon allograft in revision ACL reconstruction (OA-ACLR). This study compared OA-ACLR with single-bundle ACL reconstruction (SB-ACLR). We hypothesized that OA-ACLR would enhance the postoperative knee joint rotational stability.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 47 patients who underwent revisional OA-ACLR and 48 who underwent primary SB-ACLR with minimum follow-up of 6 months. Knee instability was evaluated with the anterior drawer, Lachman, and pivot shift tests preoperatively and at the final follow-up. Side-to-side differences were compared with the non-affected side at the final follow-up. Function was evaluated using the IKDC subjective and Lysholm knee scores preoperatively and at the final follow-up.

Results
The groups did not differ in terms of sex, age, BMI, and etiology. There were no significant differences in concomitant surgical procedures, such as meniscectomy and meniscus repair, between the two groups (p = 0.335, > 0.99). Both groups significantly improved in the anterior drawer, Lachman, pivot shift tests, and IKDC and Lysholm knee scores after surgery (all p < 0.001). The OA-ACLR group showed significantly higher rotational stability in the pivot shift test than the SB-ACLR group (p = 0.017). The postoperative side-to-side difference, the IKDC and Lysholm scores showed no significant differences between the groups (p = 0.34, 0.301, 0.438).

Conclusions
OA-ACLR showed enhanced rotational stability with pivot shift test compared to SB-ACLR. It may be considered a useful alternative for revision ACL reconstruction.
Transhepatic ultrasound guided embolization as a successful novel technique in treatment of pediatric complex intrahepatic arterioportal fistula: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Taher Heba , Kidr ElSayed , Kamal Ahmed , ElGobashy Mohamed , Mashhour Shady , Nassef Amr , Tawfik Sherifa , El Tagy Gamal , Shaban Muayad , Eltantawi Haytham , Abdullateef Khaled S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Intrahepatic vascular shunts “IHVS” are abnormal communications between intra-hepatic vasculature involving the arterial, portal, or hepatic venous system. Arterio-portal fistula “APF” is an intrahepatic communication between the hepatic arterial system and the portal venous system without any communication with the systemic venous circulation. APF is considered a rare cause of portal hypertension and gastrointestinal bleeding in infancy.

Case presentation
A 3-month-old Mediterranean female with known cardiac congenital anomalies presented to us with abdominal distension and diarrhea. Ultrasonography revealed massive ascites and computerized tomography (CT) abdomen with intravenous (IV) contrast revealed a left hepatic lesion. On further evaluation, an intrahepatic arterio-portal vascular malformation was detected. Attempted trans arterial embolization failed and radiology team successfully carried out direct trans hepatic ultrasound guided coiling of the aneurysmal venous sac followed by successful resection of segment 4 of the liver with the vascular malformation avoiding life threatening intra operative bleeding.

Conclusion
Any child with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, failure to thrive, vomiting, diarrhea, steatorrhea, splenomegaly, or ascites should be investigated for intrahepatic arterio-portal fistula “IAPF”. Our novel technique of direct trans hepatic ultrasound guided coiling is an alternative method if trans arterial embolization “TAE” failed.
The fundamental solution and blow-up problem of an anisotropic parabolic equation
Authors: Zhan Huashui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the study of anisotropic parabolic equation related to the $p_{i}$

p
i

-Laplacian with a source term $f(u)$
f
(
u
)
. If $f(u)=0$
f
(
u
)
=
0
, then the fundamental solution of the equation is constructed. If there are some restrictions on the growth order of u in the source term, the initial energy $E(0)$
E
(
0
)
is positive and has a super boundedness, which depends on the Sobolev imbedding index, then the local solution may blow up in finite time.
Construction of a prediction model for rebleeding in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Zhuang Yangping , Xia Shaohuai , Chen Junwei , Ke Jun , Lin Shirong , Lin Qingming , Tang Xiahong , Huang Hanlin , Zheng Nan , Wang Yi , Chen Feng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of rebleeding in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) remains despite advances in intervention approaches. Therefore, early prediction of the risk of rebleeding could help to greatly reduce the mortality rate in these patients. We aim to develop and validate a new prediction model to predict the probability of rebleeding in patients with AUGIB.

Methods
A total of 1170 AUGIB patients who completed the procedure of emergency gastroscopy within 48 h of admission were included. Logistic regression analyses were performed to construct a new prediction model. A receiver operating characteristic curve, a line graph, and a calibration and decision curve were used to assess the predictive performance of our new prediction model and compare its performance with that of the AIMS65 scoring system to determine the predictive value of our prediction model.

Results
A new prediction model was constructed based on Lactic acid (LAC), neutrophil percentage (NEUTP), platelet (PLT), albumin (ALB), and D-DIMER. The AUC values and their 95% confidence interval (CI) for the new prediction model and the AIMS65 score were 0.746 and 0.619, respectively, and 0.697–0.795 and 0.567–0.670, respectively. In the training group, the C index values based on the prediction model and the AIMS65 scoring system were 0.720 and 0.610, respectively. In the validation group, the C index values based on the prediction model and the AIMS65 scoring system were 0.828 and 0.667, respectively. The decision and calibration curve analysis also showed that the prediction model was superior to the AIMS65 scoring system in terms of accuracy of prediction, consistency, and net clinical benefit.

Conclusion
The prediction model can predict the probability of rebleeding in AUGIB patients after endoscopic hemostasis therapy.
Prenylated flavonoids isolated from the twigs of Artocarpus champeden as potential activators for tobacco powdery mildew and their mode of actions
Authors: Hu Qiu-Fen , Yao Sui , Ma Yue-Yu , Xiong Rui-Feng , Kong Guang-Hui , Wu Yu-Ping , Zhao Gao-Kun , Dong Miao , Wang Wei-Guang , Zhou Min , Li Yin-Ke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Golovinomyces cichoracearum (DC.) is the main pathogen for tobacco powdery mildew fungus disease. Its outbreaks often result in severe harvest losses for the yield and quality of tobacco. Artocarpus champeden is rich in prenylated flavonoids, which are important for the plant’s defensive strategies. With the aim of continuously exploring bioactive natural metabolites for agricultural chemicals, the chemical investigations on the twigs of A. champeden were carried out.

Results
Six new (1–6) and five known (7–11) prenylated flavonoids were isolated. Compound 1 is the first example of flavone whose prenylated side-chain is converted into an unusual 1H-pyrrol-2-yl functional group. Compounds 2 and 3 are rare flavones bearing a 4-methylfuran-2-yl moiety. The frameworks of the above three flavones are reported in natural products for the first time. Interestingly, compound 1 showed high anti-G. cichoracearum activity with an inhibition rate of 88.3% ± 6.2. This rate is higher than that of the positive control (with an inhibition rate of 81.5% ± 6.3) compared to the negative control, compounds 2–11 also showed potential activities with inhibition rates in the range of 50.9%–72.0%. In addition, the mechanistic studies on 1 revealed that it has a potent direct effect on conidiospores of G. cichoracearum and induces systemic acquired resistance for tobacco plants, which may be the reasons for its significant effects against G. cichoracearum.

Conclusions
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease harmful to tobacco. Flavonoids have been identified as the sources of promising antifungal agents. For prenylated flavonoids, the combination of a flavonoid skeleton with prenylated side-chain can give the resultant more potential for biological activities. The successful isolation and structure identification of the above prenylated flavonoids provide new materials for the screening of powdery mildew inhibitors, and also contribute to the improved utilization of A. champeden.

Graphical Abstract
Adoption of artificial intelligence in science teaching: From the vantage point of the African science teachers
Authors: Nja Cecilia Obi , Idiege Kimson Joseph , Uwe Uduak Edet , Meremikwu Anne Ndidi , Ekon Esther Etop , Erim Costly Manyo , Ukah Julius Ukah , Eyo Eneyo Okon , Anari Mary Ideba , Cornelius-Ukpepi Bernedette Umalili 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the factors influencing science teachers' 'Artificial Intelligence' (AI) utilization by using the 'Technology Acceptance Model' (TAM). The factors investigated alongside TAM variables were teachers' data like; age, sex, and residence type. TAM items that were correlated in this study included; self-esteem, stress and anxiousness, ease of utilization, behavioural intention, attitude towards AI usage, and expected benefits. The population of this study comprised all science teachers (170) in the Calabar Education Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria. The sample was made up of 79 science teachers comprising (58.22%) 46 females and (41.77%) 33 males. The descriptive and analytical research design was used in this study. A questionnaire named ' Approval of Artificial Intelligence: The Teachers' Eye' Questionnaire (AAITEQ) was used for the study. This study raised 3 research questions. The reliability for AAITEQ was from 0.72 to 0.81 using Cronbach's alpha. Findings indicated that the approval for the utilization of AI was high with an overall mean score of 3.00. The highest predicting value for behaviour intent using TAM variables was the ease of usage r = .789. Science teachers' sex (t, 77 = 1.988; p = .060, (p ˃ .05), age F (2, 76) = .547; p = .581 (p ˃ .05) and teachers' residence location (t, .77 = .533; p = − .062 (p ˃ .05) did not influence the behaviour of science teachers' intention of the utilization of AI. It was recommended that both in-service and pre-service teachers be trained on the utilization of AI.
Secondary instability generated on the equatorial plasma bubbles wall due to an interaction with midnight brightness wave
Authors: Figueiredo Cosme Alexandre Oliveira Barros , Miranda Rodrigo A. , Wrasse Cristiano Max , Takahashi Hisao , Barros Diego , Egito Fábio , Rosa Geângelo de Matos , Sampaio Antonio Hélder Rodrigues 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInteraction between Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) and midnight Brightness wave (MBW) was observed over Bom Jesus da Lapa (13.3° S, 43.5° W; Quasi-Dipole geomagnetic latitude of 14.1° S), using OI 630 nm all-sky images. On the night of December 22nd, 2019, an EPB was seen propagating eastward in its fossil stage until it interacted with an MBW. After the interaction, the west walls of EPBs generated secondary instabilities that can be associated with gradient drift instability (GDI) and/or Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities (KHI). We suggest that the MBW contributed to generate a shear in the EPBs walls due to changes in the thermospheric dynamics, such as neutral wind in the F layer height. Furthermore, spectral analysis of the all-sky images suggests that GDI and/or KHI generated turbulence and helped to dissipate the EPBs.Graphical Abstract
High levels of maternally derived antibodies do not significantly interfere with the development of humoral and cell-mediated responses to Porcine circovirus 2 after intradermal vaccination
Authors: Martin-Valls Gerard E. , Cortey Martí , Swam Hanny , Jiménez Marta , Mateu Enric 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Vaccination of pigs against PCV2 is usually performed around weaning when animals still have maternally derived antibodies (MDA). The present study aimed to assess the possible interference of MDA in the development of the PCV2-specific immune response after vaccination of commercial weaners. For this purpose, a PRRS-negative 600-sow farrow-to-finish farm was selected. Half of the sows were vaccinated and revaccinated with Porcilis® PCV ID against PCV2 7 and 3 weeks before farrowing. After farrowing, piglets were tested by AlphaLisa to select 72 animals with high and low levels of MDA. Groups were further subdivided and vaccinated intradermally with Porcilis® PCV ID at 21 or 28 days of age. Unvaccinated controls were also included. Animals were followed afterward for 42 days to examine the development of PCV2-specific antibodies and interferon-γ secreting cells (IFN-γ SC).

Results
The average titres of antibodies of the groups vaccinated in the presence of low or high MDA levels were similar at 28 and 42 days post-vaccination while in the controls the titres declined throughout the observation period. Results of vaccinating at 21 or 28 days of age were equivalent with regard to antibody development. Regarding the IFN-γ SC, vaccinated animals produced significant frequencies of IFN-γ SC by day 28. Again, no differences were observed between the groups with high or low antibody levels.

Conclusion
High levels of MDA did not interfere with the development of humoral and cell-mediated responses to Porcine circovirus 2 after intradermal vaccination at 21 or 28 days of age.