bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlled Distributed Ti3C2Tx Hollow Microspheres on Thermally Conductive Polyimide Composite Films for Excellent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Zhang Yali , Ruan Kunpeng , Zhou Kun , Gu Junwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFlexible multifunctional polymer‐based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composite films have important applications in the fields of 5G communication technology, wearable electronic devices, and artificial intelligence. Based on the design of a porous/multilayered structure and using polyimide (PI) as the matrix and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microspheres as the template, flexible (Fe3O4/PI)–Ti3C2Tx–(Fe3O4/PI) composite films with controllable pore sizes and distribution of Ti3C2Tx hollow microspheres are successfully prepared by sacrificial template method. Owing to the porous/multilayered structure, when the pore size of the Ti3C2Tx hollow microspheres is 10 µm and the mass ratio of PMMA/Ti3C2Tx is 2:1, the (Fe3O4/PI)–Ti3C2Tx–(Fe3O4/PI) composite film has the most excellent EMI shielding performance, with EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 85 dB. It is further verified by finite element simulation that the composite film has an excellent shielding effect on electromagnetic waves. In addition, the composite film has good thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity coefficient of 3.49 W (m·K)−1) and mechanical properties (tensile strength of 65.3 MPa). This flexible (Fe3O4/PI)–Ti3C2Tx–(Fe3O4/PI) composite film with excellent EMI shielding performance, thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties has demonstrated great potential for applications in EMI shielding protection for high‐power, portable, and wearable flexible electronic devices.
Humidity‐Resistant, Broad‐Range Pressure Sensors for Garment‐Integrated Health, Motion, and Grip Strength Monitoring in Natural Environments
Authors: Homayounfar S. Zohreh , Kiaghadi Ali , Ganesan Deepak , Andrew Trisha L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWearable electromechanical sensors are essential to improve health monitoring and off‐site point‐of‐care applications. However, their practicality is restricted by narrow ranges of detection, failure to simultaneously sense static and dynamic pressures, and low durability. Here, an all‐fabric pressure sensor with high sensitivity in a broad range of pressures, from subtle heart pulses to body posture, exceeding that of previously‐reported sensors is introduced. By taking advantage of chemical vapor deposition of p‐doped poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) chloride (PEDOT‐Cl) on two natural textiles (cotton gauze and cotton balls), multiscale tunable pressure sensitivity with low power demand for data read‐out is obtained. To protect the sensor against humidity induced degradations, the sensor is encapsulated with a hydrophobic coating that leads to ultrastability of the sensor performance even after 1 week of exposure to 100% relative humidity and 20 laundry cycles. The sensor reveals excellent performance retention of >99% over 70 000 bending cycles under ambient conditions. The varied utility of this sensor for health monitoring is demonstrated by recording heartbeats, respiration, and joint movements. Furthermore, using this sensor, grip strength is successfully detected by 93.6% accuracy as compared to commercial dynamometer, speaking of its potential as the first fabric‐based sensor allowing for personalized real‐time grip strength analysis.
Photoinduced Synthesis of Bis‐Sulfonyl γ‐Arylated Ketones via DMAP/DDQ‐Mediated Stereogenic Conjugated Addition of α‐Sulfonyl Chalcones with Benzylic Sulfones
Authors: Hsueh Nai‐Chen , Chang Meng‐Yang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe DMAP/DDQ‐mediated stereochemical conjugated addition of sulfonyl chalcones and benzylic sulfones under photolytic irradiation produces diverse bis‐sulfonyl γ‐arylated ketones with three contiguous stereogenic centers in a yield of 79%–92%. Herein, a plausible mechanism is proposed and discussed.magnified image
Full Field Model Describing Phase Front Propagation, Transformation Strains, Chemical Partitioning, and Diffusion in Solid–Solid Phase Transformations
Authors: Pohjonen Aarne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA novel mathematical formulation is presented for describing growth of phase in solid‐to‐solid phase transformations and it is applied for describing austenite to ferrite transformation. The formulation includes the effects of transformation eigenstrains, the local strains, as well as partitioning and diffusion. In the current approach the phase front is modeled as diffuse field, and its propagation is shown to be described by the advection equation, which reduces to the level‐set equation when the transformation proceeds only to the interface normal direction. The propagation is considered as thermally activated process in the same way as in chemical reaction kinetics. In addition, connection to the Allen–Cahn equation is made. Numerical tests are conducted to check the mathematical model validity and to compare the current approach to sharp interface partitioning and diffusion model. The model operation is tested in isotropic 2D plane strain condition for austenite to ferrite transformation, where the transformation produces isotropic expansion, and also for austenite to bainite transformation, where the transformation causes invariant plane strain condition. Growth into surrounding isotropic austenite, as well as growth of the phase which has nucleated on a grain boundary are tested for both ferrite and bainite formation.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Eco‐Friendly Cs2SnI6 Based Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cell through Device Modeling
Authors: Pal Debashish 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe choice of appropriate materials is of paramount importance in realizing a high efficiency perovskite solar cell. Lead free eco‐friendly perovskite solar cell architecture is theoretically investigated using solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) for device performance. Preliminary investigations on Cs2SnI6 solar cell architectures have indicated that the presence of hole transport layer is crucial in achieving an open‐circuit voltage greater than 0.6 V. The presence of a valence band offset between the Cs2SnI6 absorber and hole transport layer has a significant detrimental impact on the short‐circuit current density and fill factor of the cell. A novel device architecture employing TiO2 as an electron transport material and Cu2O as a hole transport material is proposed to overcome the limitations associated with the current designs. Theoretical investigations are carried out employing 1D SCAPS simulation program in order to optimize the structure by varying the perovskite thickness, bandgap, and defect concentration. The proposed solar cell after optimization has a practically realizable power conversion efficiency of 17.77%.
Spontaneously Right‐Side‐Out‐Orientated Coupling‐Driven ROS‐Sensitive Nanoparticles on Cell Membrane Inner Leaflet for Efficient Renovation in Vascular Endothelial Injury
Authors: Qin Xian , Zhu Li , Zhong Yuan , Wang Yi , Wu Guicheng , Qiu Juhui , Wang Guixue , Qu Kai , Zhang Kun , Wu Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiomimetic cell membrane camouflaged technology has drawn extensive attention as a feasible and efficient way to realize the biological functions of nanoparticles from the parent cells. As the burgeoning nanotherapeutic, the right‐side‐out orientation self‐assembly and pathological dependent “on‐demand” cargo release of cell membrane camouflaged nanocarriers remarkably limit further development for practical applications. In the present study, a spontaneously right‐side‐out‐orientated coupling‐driven ROS‐sensitive nanotherapeutic has been constructed for target endothelial cells (ECs) repair through the synergistic effects of spontaneously right‐side‐out‐orientated camouflaging. This condition results from the specific affinity between the intracellular domain of key transmembrane receptors band 3 on cell membrane inner leaflet and the corresponding P4.2 peptide‐modified nanoparticles without the additional coextrusion. The “on‐demand” cargo release results from the pathological ROS‐cleavable prodrug. Particularly, the red blood cell camouflaged nanotherapeutics (RBC‐LVTNPs) can enhance target drug delivery through low oscillatory shear stress (LSS) blood flow in the injured ECs lesion. Both in vitro and in vivo results collectively confirm that RBC‐LVTNPs can restore the damaged ECs and function with the recovered vascular permeability and low inflammation microenvironment. The findings provide a powerful and universal approach for developing the biomimetic cell membrane camouflaged nanotechnology.
Brachistochrone Bowl‐Inspired Hybrid Nanogenerator Integrated with Physio‐Electrochemical Multisensors for Self‐Sustainable Smart Pool Monitoring Systems
Authors: Maharjan Pukar , Bhatta Trilochan , Hui Xue , Pradhan Gagan Bahadur , Song Hyesu , Shrestha Kumar , Park Jae Yeong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMaintaining clean and fresh pool water requires regular monitoring and treatment. However, the employed methods are manual, complex, and time‐consuming. Herein, a self‐sustainable autonomous smart pool monitoring system (SPMS) that can monitor various physio‐electrochemical properties of the pool water in real‐time without requiring external power is proposed. SPMS includes an electromagnetic generator inspired by the novel brachistochrone bowl which harvests energy from random motion (peak power 72 mW at 4 Hz and 0.5 g) and supplies the wireless transmission unit and the highly sensitive multifunctional sensor unit (MSU) including pH (−60.71 mV pH−1), temperature (2.5 Ω °C−1), chloride (0.355 mV ppm−1; <250 ppm), conductivity (3.25 × 10−5 µS ppm−1), and wave motion (1.27 V Hz−1). The fabricated MSU has adequate sensitivity and accuracy to detect minor variations in the water quality for indoor and outdoor environments. Finally, the smart pool monitoring application of the SPMS is demonstrated in real‐time by acquiring the sensor data and wirelessly transmitting it to the custom‐developed mobile application utilizing harvested energy. Combining energy harvesting and water quality sensing, the free‐floating completely isolated SPMS device demonstrates a portable, freestanding, wireless, autonomous, and self‐powered pool monitoring system for maintaining a hygienic and safe swimming environment.
Occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica among US metal and nonmetal miners, 2000–2019
Authors: Misra Shilpi , Sussell Aaron L. , Wilson Samantha E. , Poplin Gerald S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn metal and nonmetal (M/NM) mines in the United States, respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposures are a recognized health hazard and a leading indicator of respiratory disease. This study describes hazardous exposures that exceed occupational exposure limits and examines patterns of hazardous RCS exposure over time among M/NM miners to better inform the need for interventions.MethodsData for this study were obtained from the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) Open Government Initiative Portal for the years 2000–2019, examining respirable dust samples with MSHA‐measured quartz concentration >1%. Descriptive statistics for RCS were analyzed for M/NM miners by year, mine type, sector, commodity, occupation, and location in a mine.ResultsThis study found the overall geometric mean (GM) for personal exposures to RCS was 28.9 μg/m3 (geometric standard deviation: 2.5). Exposures varied significantly by year, mine type, sector, commodity, occupation, and location in a mine. Overall, the percentages of exposures above the MSHA permissible exposure limit (PEL for respirable dust with >1% quartz, approximately 100 μg/m3 RCS) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health RCS recommended exposure limit (REL, 50 μg/m3) were 11.8% and 27.3%, respectively. GM exposures to RCS in 2018 (45.9 μg/m3) and 2019 (52.9 μg/m3) were significantly higher than the GM for all years prior. The overall 95th percentile of RCS exposures from 2000 to 2019 was 148.9 μg/m3, suggesting a substantial risk of hazardous exposures above the PEL and REL during the entire period analyzed.ConclusionsThe prevalence of high exposures to RCS among M/NM miners continues in the past 20 years and may be increasing in certain settings and occupations. Further research and intervention of the highest exposures are needed to minimize the risks of acquiring silica‐induced respiratory diseases.
Refractive index as a process analytical technology to measure real time protein concentration for monitoring and control of commercial scale tangential flow filtration operations
Authors: Lam Yik , McCann Devin , Loman Abdullah , Smelko John Paul , Brinkmann Alex 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiological therapeutics are increasingly being formulated to high protein concentrations to decrease drug substance storage space and increase the flexibility of administration to patients. With the higher protein concentration targets comes added challenges to the downstream purification manufacturing process. Tangential flow filtration (TFF) operations are typically performed to reach target protein concentration. TFF operations for a given drug substance may include an Ultrafiltration and Diafiltration (UFDF) step, or a UFDF step followed by a single pass tangential flow filtration (SPTFF) step. Whether a TFF step achieves a target protein concentration is determined by at‐line protein concentration measurements performed at the completion of a process step. If the measured protein concentration is outside the specified range, the unit operation may need to be restarted, reprocessing may need to be performed, or a batch may need to be terminated. Out of specification protein concentration measurements may be a result of the TFF operation or sample measurement. Increased viscosities associated with high concentration TFF operations pose added challenges to the TFF process and sample measurement. Implementation of an inline process analytical technology (PAT) to monitor real‐time protein concentration during TFF operations has the potential to improve the accuracy of the operations in achieving target protein concentrations. This will result in improved process consistency and efficiency, increased operator confidence and decreased likelihood of batch failures. This paper studies the performance of a K‐Patents PR‐23 refractometer (Vaisala) as a PAT to monitor and control the UFDF and SPTFF unit operations of a commercial scale monoclonal antibody purification process.
Decreased Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid β 38, 40, 42, and 43 Levels in Sporadic and Hereditary Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: De Kort Anna M. , Kuiperij H. Bea , Marques Tainá M. , Jäkel Lieke , van den Berg Emma , Kersten Iris , van Berckel‐Smit Hugo E. P. , Duering Marco , Stoops Erik , Abdo Wilson F. , Rasing Ingeborg , Voigt Sabine , Koemans Emma A. , Kaushik Kanishk , Warren Andrew Davock , Greenberg Steven M. , Brinkmalm Gunnar , Terwindt Gisela M. , Wermer Marieke J. H. , Schreuder Floris H. B. M. , Klijn Catharina J. M. , Verbeek Marcel M. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveVascular amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation is the hallmark of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). The composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of CAA patients may serve as a diagnostic biomarker of CAA. We studied the diagnostic potential of the peptides Aβ38, Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ43 in patients with sporadic CAA (sCAA), hereditary Dutch‐type CAA (D‐CAA), and Alzheimer disease (AD).MethodsAβ peptides were quantified by immunoassays in a discovery group (26 patients with sCAA and 40 controls), a validation group (40 patients with sCAA, 40 patients with AD, and 37 controls), and a group of 22 patients with D‐CAA and 54 controls. To determine the diagnostic accuracy, the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using a receiver operating characteristic curve with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsWe found decreased levels of all Aβ peptides in sCAA patients and D‐CAA patients compared to controls. The difference was most prominent for Aβ42 (AUC of sCAA vs controls for discovery: 0.90, 95% CI = 0.82–0.99; for validation: 0.94, 95% CI = 0.89–0.99) and Aβ43 (AUC of sCAA vs controls for discovery: 0.95, 95% CI = 0.88–1.00; for validation: 0.91, 95% CI = 0.83–1.0). All Aβ peptides except Aβ43 were also decreased in sCAA compared to AD (CSF Aβ38: AUC = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.71–0.93; CSF Aβ40: AUC = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.80–0.96; CSF Aβ42: AUC = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.66–0.92).InterpretationA combined biomarker panel of CSF Aβ38, Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ43 has potential to differentiate sCAA from AD and controls, and D‐CAA from controls. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:1173–1186
Stereospecific Oxycyanation of Alkenes with Sulfonyl Cyanide
Authors: Kiyokawa Kensuke , Ishizuka Miu , Minakata Satoshi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOxycyanation of alkenes would allow the direct construction of useful β‐hydroxy nitrile scaffolds. However, only limited examples of such reactions have been reported, and some problems including limited substrate scope and the lack of diastereocontrol in the case of the oxycyanation of internal alkenes have arisen. We herein report on the intermolecular oxycyanation of alkenes using p‐toluenesulfonyl cyanide (TsCN) in the presence of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (B(C6F5)3) as a catalyst, affording products that contain a sulfinyloxy group and a cyano group at the vicinal position. The reaction features a stereospecific syn‐addition. The reaction also shows a broad substrate scope with good functional group tolerance. Mechanistic investigations by experimental studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the reaction proceeds via an unprecedented stereospecific mechanism through the electrophilic cyanation of alkenes, in which B(C6F5)3 efficiently activates TsCN through the coordination of the cyano group to the boron center.
Fluctuation of Anti–Domain 1 and Anti–β2‐Glycoprotein I Antibody Titers Over Time in Patients With Persistently Positive Antiphospholipid Antibodies
Authors: Chighizola Cecilia B. , Pregnolato Francesca , Andrade Danieli , Tektonidou Maria , Pengo Vittorio , Ruiz‐Irastorza Guillermo , Belmont H. Michael , Gerosa Maria , Fortin Paul , Branch D. Ware , Andreoli Laura , Petri Michelle A. , Cervera Ricard , Knight Jason S. , Willis Rohan , Efthymiou Maria , Cohen Hannah , Erkan Doruk , Bertolaccini Maria Laura ,   Antiphospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and International Networking (APS ACTION)
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThe present study was undertaken to longitudinally evaluate titers of antibodies against β2‐glycoprotein I (anti‐β2GPI) and domain 1 (anti‐D1), to identify predictors of variations in anti‐β2GPI and anti‐D1 titers, and to clarify whether antibody titer fluctuations predict thrombosis in a large international cohort of patients who were persistently positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in the APS ACTION Registry.MethodsPatients with available blood samples from at least 4 time points (at baseline [year 1] and at years 2–4 of follow‐up) were included. Detection of anti‐β2GPI and anti‐D1 IgG antibodies was performed using chemiluminescence (BIO‐FLASH; INOVA Diagnostics).ResultsAmong 230 patients in the study cohort, anti‐D1 and anti‐β2GPI titers decreased significantly over time (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.010, respectively). After adjustment for age, sex, and number of positive aPL tests, we found that the fluctuations in anti‐D1 and anti‐β2GPI titer levels were associated with treatment with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) at each time point. Treatment with HCQ, but not immunosuppressive agents, was associated with 1.3‐fold and 1.4‐fold decreases in anti‐D1 and anti‐β2GPI titers, respectively. Incident vascular events were associated with 1.9‐fold and 2.1‐fold increases in anti‐D1 and anti‐β2GPI titers, respectively. Anti‐D1 and anti‐β2GPI titers at the time of thrombosis were lower compared to titers at other time points. A 1.6‐fold decrease in anti‐D1 titers and a 2‐fold decrease in anti‐β2GPI titers conferred odds ratios for incident thrombosis of 6.0 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.62–59.3) and 9.4 (95% CI 1.1–80.2), respectively.ConclusionTreatment with HCQ and incident vascular events in aPL‐positive patients predicted significant anti‐D1 and anti‐β2GPI titer fluctuations over time. Both anti‐D1 and anti‐β2GPI titers decreased around the time of thrombosis, with potential clinical relevance.
Povetacicept, an Enhanced DualAPRIL/BAFFAntagonist That Modulates B Lymphocytes and Pathogenic Autoantibodies for the Treatment of Lupus and Other B Cell–Related Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Evans Lawrence S. , Lewis Katherine E. , DeMonte Daniel , Bhandari Janhavi G. , Garrett Logan B. , Kuijper Joseph L. , Ardourel Daniel , Wolfson Martin F. , Debrot Susan , Mudri Sherri , Kleist Kayla , Griffin Luana L. , Hebb LuAnne , Sanderson Russell J. , Wang NingXin , Seaberg Michelle , Chunyk Allison G. , Yang Jing , Hong Youji , Maria Zahra , Messenheimer David J. , Holland Pamela M. , Peng Stanford L. , Rixon Mark W. , Dillon Stacey R. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveDysregulated APRIL/BAFF signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis. We undertook this study to develop and evaluate a high‐affinity APRIL/BAFF antagonist to overcome the clinical limitations of existing B cell inhibitors.MethodsA variant of TACI‐Fc generated by directed evolution showed enhanced binding for both APRIL and BAFF and was designated povetacicept (ALPN‐303). Povetacicept was compared to wild‐type (WT) TACI‐Fc and related molecules in vitro and in vivo.ResultsPovetacicept inhibited APRIL and BAFF more effectively than all evaluated forms of WT TACI‐Fc and selective APRIL and BAFF inhibitors in cell‐based reporter assays and primary human B cell assays, mediating potent suppression of B cell proliferation, differentiation, and immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion. In mouse immunization models, povetacicept significantly reduced serum immunoglobulin titers and antibody‐secreting cells more effectively than anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibodies, WT TACI‐Fc, or APRIL and BAFF inhibitors. In the NZB × NZW mouse lupus nephritis model, povetacicept significantly enhanced survival and suppressed proteinuria, anti–double‐stranded DNA antibody titers, blood urea nitrogen, glomerulonephritis, and renal immunoglobulin deposition. In the bm12 mouse lupus model, povetacicept significantly reduced splenic plasmablasts, follicular helper T cells, and germinal center B cells. In non‐human primates, povetacicept was well tolerated, exhibited high serum exposure, and significantly decreased serum IgM, IgA, and IgG levels after a single dose.ConclusionEnhanced APRIL and BAFF inhibition by povetacicept led to greater inhibition of B cell populations critical for autoantibody production compared to WT TACI‐Fc and CD20‐, APRIL‐, or BAFF‐selective inhibitors. Potent, dual inhibition by povetacicept has the potential to significantly improve clinical outcomes in autoantibody‐related autoimmune diseases.image