bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of pancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy for the treatment of obstructive pancreatic duct stones
Authors: de Rijk Florence E.M. , Stassen Pauline M.C. , van der Wiel Sophia E. , Boermeester Marja A. , Issa Yama , Kempeneers Marinus A. , Verdonk Robert C. , Bruno Marco J. , de Jonge Pieter Jan F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Pancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) has proven to be an effective first-line therapy in symptomatic chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients with obstructing pancreatic duct (PD) stones 1. However, long-term outcomes of endoscopic EHL remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term treatment effects of EHL as first-line therapy and to compare with those obtained in a historical cohort of patients who underwent extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) as primary treatment.
Patients and methods An observational retrospective single-center long-term follow-up study was performed including 19 consecutive patients who previously underwent endoscopic EHL compared to 18 patients who underwent ESWL followed by endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP). The primary endpoint was long-term treatment success after EHL or ESWL defined as no recurrence of symptomatic intraductal stones confirmed on imaging. Secondary endpoints for the EHL-population included long-term clinical success (i. e., a similar or lower Izbicki Pain Score or reduction in opiate usage as compared to 6-month follow-up), quality of life (QoL), pancreatic function and hospital re-admission rate.
Results In the EHL group, 37 % of the patients developed recurrent symptomatic PD stones versus 61 % in the ESWL group after a median follow-up of 35.0 and 76.5 months. Of the patients with recurrence, 71 % versus 100 % underwent a reintervention. Median time to recurrence was 12.0 versus 13.0 months. Clinical success sustained in 58 % of the EHL patients. QoL was not significantly different compared with 6-month follow-up and baseline.
Conclusions Also at long-term follow-up, endoscopic EHL as first-line treatment is moderately effective for symptomatic CP patients with treatment success rates that seems at least equally effective as ESWL.
Interstate Practice Variation and Factors Associated with Antibiotic Use for Suspected Neonatal Sepsis in the United States
Authors: Vidavalur Ramesh , Hussain Naveed 
Published: March 2023

Objective This study aimed to estimate national time trends of overall and statewise antibiotic utilization (AU) rates for suspected neonatal sepsis (SNS) in the United States.
Study Design In this cross-sectional study, we used retrospective linked birth cohort and vital records data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research database for the years 2016 to 2020 and analyzed data containing antibiotic use for SNS. The primary outcome was proportional national and state-specific AU rates per 1,000 live births during the birth hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included overall trends and association between maternal education, race, sex, chorioamnionitis, mode of delivery, gestational age at birth, Apgar's scores, and insurance status with antibiotics exposure for SNS among newborns. Contingency tables, two-tailed t-test, and chi-square for independence tests were performed with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Results For a birth cohort of >18 million, 2.2% of infants received antibiotics during birth hospitalization nationwide. There were wide variations in AU among U.S. states and territories, whereas overall treatment rates decreased by 16.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.2–17.0; p < 0.001). Compared with White newborns, Black newborns had higher AU rates (odds ratio [OR]: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.32–1.34), and Asians had the lowest rates (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.95–0.97). There was a significant difference in mean AU rates by race (p < 0.001). Chorioamnionitis at birth significantly increased the odds for AU (OR: 14.5 ;95% CI: 14.4–14.6), although AU rates for chorioamnionitis showed a significant downward trend (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.50–0.53) during the study period.
Conclusion Our findings suggest that there has been a gradual decline in AU for SNS in more than a third of states in last 5 years. While risk-based management approaches achieve widespread implementation, state- and nationwide quality improvement collaborates might have contributed to the relative decline in antibiotic use in newborns. Further studies are warranted to understand factors related to practice variation in the management of SNS in the United States
Key Points
Social Media Influence and Gender Are Correlated with Industry Payments to Orthopaedic Sports Surgeons
Authors: Leong Natalie L. , Morcos George , Jiang Jie , O'Hara Nathan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSocial media, specifically Twitter, has become an increasingly used tool in academic orthopaedic surgery to help surgeons connect with patients and peers. This study seeks to understand correlations among social medial influence, academic influence, and gender among academic orthopaedic sport surgeons. A list of all orthopaedic sports surgeons serving as faculty of sports fellowships in the United States was compiled, along with publicly available demographic information. Their Hirsh indices (h-indices) were obtained using the Scopus database. The Physician Payments Sunshine Act Web site was used to determine their industry payments from 2014 through 2020. The number of Twitter followers was used as a measure of social media influence. Multivariable linear regression models were employed to explore the associations between these parameters and industry payments. Of the 633 surgeons, 33% had a Twitter account. Surgeons with > 1,000 followers (7.3%) were awarded 186% more in nonresearch funding (p = 0.01) and had a higher probability of receiving industry research funding compared with those with no followers (p = 0.03). Sports surgeons had an average h-index of 16, with 44% having ≤ 20 publications and 21% having ≥ 100 publications. Surgeons with ≥ 100 publications were awarded 453% more in nonresearch funding (p = 0.001) and had a 32% higher probability of receiving industry research funding (p < 0.001) when compared with their colleagues with ≤ 20 publications. Female sports surgeons accounted for only 7.9% of surgeons included in the study, and were awarded 65% less in industry nonresearch funding compared with their male colleagues (p = 0.004) when controlling for other factors. Both number of publications and a high level of Twitter activity (> 1,000 followers) had the strongest associations with the quantity of industry nonresearch funding and the highest probability of industry research funding. Female sports surgeons received significantly less industry nonresearch funding compared with their male colleagues. Future studies further exploring gender disparities in industry funding for orthopaedic surgeons may be warranted.
Level of Evidence Prognostic, Level III.
Medulloblastoma and ABO-Rh Blood Group: Evidence of an Association between the Distribution of Blood Group Antigens and Medulloblastoma
Authors: Bajaj Ankur , Ansari Rehana , Jaiswal Somil , Srivastava Chhitij , Ojha Bal Krishna , Rizvi Imran , Chandra Tulika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective Medulloblastoma is the most common central nervous system embryonal tumor and the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. This study aims to find out the incidence of the ABO-Rh blood group in medulloblastoma patients of northern India to assess the utility of the blood group as a preclinical non-modifiable risk factor.
Materials and Methods The study cohort consisted of 87 pediatric patients (age up to 18 years) who were diagnosed after histopathological examination with medulloblastoma at a university hospital in Lucknow between 2014 and 2019. Hundred random pediatric individuals from the same population who were admitted to the same hospital between 2014 and 2019 for non-tumor cases were selected as the control group. Data concerning characteristics including age, sex, ABO blood group, and Rh factor were collected from hospital records. The distribution of ABO-Rh blood groups in the study population was compared with the general population using the χ2 test. Statistical analysis of the ABO-Rh blood groups in the study population was done using the IBM SPSS statistics version 24.0.
Results Data analysis revealed that blood group A was significantly associated with medulloblastoma cases (odds ratio [OR] = 2.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35–6.34). We find that the classical subtype was prevalent with the blood group A (43.8%), while the desmoplastic subtype was associated with the blood group O (38.5%).
Conclusion Blood group A has a higher risk for the development of medulloblastoma while blood group O has the least risk. These findings suggest that blood group antigen should be considered as a non-modifiable preclinical risk factor for developing medulloblastoma.
Incidence, Diagnosis and Treatment of Otorhinolaryngological, Head and Neck Tuberculosis: A Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Chhabra Biban , Vyas Pratibha , Gupta Priyanshi , Sharma Prateek , Sharma Kanika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction Tuberculosis is a disease of diversified presentation. It affects almost all organs in the body, and otorhinolaryngological, head and neck involvement is not an exception.
Objective To increase awareness about the different clinical presentations of otorhinolaryngological, head and neck tuberculosis, the techniques employed to diagnose it, and to assess the response to the treatment.
Methods We conducted a prospective study of 114 patients who presented primarily with otorhinolaryngological, head and neck tuberculosis. Routine blood investigations, chest radiographs, the tuberculin test, and sputum examination for the presence of acid-fast bacilli were performed in all cases. Site-specific investigations were performed in relevant cases only. The patients were treated according to the antitubercular treatment (ATT) regimen recommended by the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare's National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP), and they were followed up clinically two and six months after starting the ATT.
Results Tubercular cervical lymphadenopathy was the most common clinical presentation (85.96%), followed by deep neck abscess (5.27%). Fine-needle aspiration cytology proved to be a reliable tool for the diagnosis of tubercular lymphadenopathy. Improvement at the end of 2 and 6 months of the ATT was observed in 90.35% and 96.50% of the cases respectively.
Conclusion The diagnosis of otorhinolaryngological, head and neck tuberculosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion, and the ATT proved to be very effective in reducing the severity of the disease.
Novel and Innovative Surgical Strategies for Recurrent Rectal Cancer: Uncommon Resections, Local Interventions for Pelvic Reoccurrence, and Intraoperative Radiation Therapy
Authors: Webb Shawn Philip , Ahmad Imran 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe frequency of recurrent rectal cancer has dropped significantly with improved surgical approaches and adjunctive therapies. These recurrences have proven challenging to obtain R0 resection with salvage operations. Meticulous planning, clear understanding of anatomy with imaging, and multispecialty support have become essential in local control and long-term survival with pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer. Technical considerations and prognosis indicators along with role of intraoperative radiation or boost radiation are discussed within.
Negotiation and Career Advancement: How Can We Continue to Advance Women in Academic Surgery, What Are the Barriers They Are Facing, and What Can We Do to Overcome Them?
Authors: Turfah Mary , Kwakye Gifty 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite increasing female representation in U.S. medical schools, women remain underrepresented in academic surgery departments across the country. Even as the gap narrows in academic surgery, female surgeons' professional advancement does not parallel that of their male counterparts. This article explores how to continue to advance women in academic surgery, first by considering the barriers women surgeons face, then offering actionable steps—on the individual, interpersonal, and systems levels—to overcome these barriers and work toward gender equity.
Robot-Assisted Lung Biopsy: A Safer Approach to Lung Lesions
Authors: Maqsood Shadab , Khan Tahir Ahmad , Hussain Manzoor , Bhat Mudasir , Shera Tahleel Altaf , Gojwari Tariq Ahmad , Shaheen Feroze A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose This article evaluates the feasibility, safety, and technical success of robot-assisted computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.
Methods CT-guided lung biopsy was performed after clearance from the institutional ethical committee in 60 patients who were assigned to two groups, group A (robot-assisted biopsy) and group B (conventional CT-guided biopsy). The accuracy of needle placement, number of needle adjustments, radiation dose, procedure time, and complications were compared in both these groups.
Results In group A, the procedure duration was significantly shorter (p = 0.001), dose length product, lower (p = 0.001), accuracy of needle placement, superior (p = 0.003), and complication rates were lower (p = 0.002) compared with conventional CT guidedbiopsy.
Conclusion Robotic assistance during CT lung biopsy is associated with improved targeting of lesions with more diagnostic yield and less procedure duration, radiation exposure, and fewer complications compared with conventional CT lung biopsy.
Impact of Gender Inequity on Women Surgeons in the Professional Setting
Authors: Onyiego Alexandra , Davids Jennifer S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe concept of equity ensures that each individual is given the environment, treatment, and resources needed to reach an equal outcome to those around them. Equity is central to initiatives for advancing diversity and inclusion among physicians. This article will identify key barriers to equity that women surgeons face within the professional setting. More specifically, inadequate female representation, discrimination in the form of unconscious gender bias and microaggressions, and sexual harassment will be explored regarding their continued threats to gender equity, as well as constructive ways to mitigate these effects.
Constitutional Dialogue Under Pressure: Constitutional Remedies in Israel as a Test Case
Authors: Yosef Bell E 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Constitutional dialogue theory has some great qualities. It is balanced, democratic, and deliberative. It has a special legitimacy-enhancing role due to the place that it gives to legislatures and to the political process. Even its name has a positive aspect. However, this important theory has a major flaw: it does not protect human rights well. This theory puts most of the weight on institutional interaction, and not enough weight on the petitioners’ rights.
This Article wishes to strengthen this criticism through a discussion of the strong connection between constitutional dialogue and constitutional remedies. The court choice of remedy can facilitate the legislature’s ability to enact a legislative response as a part of the ongoing dialogue between courts and legislatures. The constitutional remedies are an invitation, directed to the political branches, that can leave the discretion regarding desired policy in the political field, while minimizing the judicial intervention in the legislative fora. An invitation to take (or restore) constitutional responsibility and sensitivity.
However, this invitation sees only political institutions, instead of the ones who need the remedy the most: the petitioners. Soft and legitimacy-enhancing designing of constitutional remedies cast the price on the petitioners’ shoulders, who do not win full remedying in the name of constructive inter-institutional dynamics. Thus, using the Israeli Supreme Court’s use of constitutional remedies as a test case, the main argument is a claim in favor of judicial use of strong and status-quo changing remedies that protect the petitioners’ rights. Counterintuitive as it may seem, the dialogue theory—which is built upon the political branches ability to respond—enables and legitimizes the choice to use strong remedies. The latter is the outcome of the responsive nature of the theory and the temporal nature of the constitutional remedies.
Rebating Antitrust Fines to Encourage Private Damages Negotiations
Authors: Emons Winand , Lenhard Severin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To encourage private negotiations for damages in antitrust cases some jurisdictions subtract a fraction of the redress from the fine. We analyze the effectiveness of this policy. Such a rebate does not encourage settlement negotiations that would otherwise not occur. If, however, the parties settle without the rebate, the introduction of the reduction may increase the settlement amount. Yet, deterrence for those wrongdoers who are actually fined always goes down. Under a leniency program, the rebate does not affect the leniency applicant: she does not pay a fine that can be reduced. The overall effect of a fine reduction on deterrence is therefore negative.
A feature extraction method based on noise reduction for circRNA-miRNA interaction prediction combining multi-structure features in the association networks
Authors: Wang Xin-Fei , Yu Chang-Qing , You Zhu-Hong , Li Li-Ping , Huang Wen-Zhun , Ren Zhong-Hao , Li Yue-Chao , Wei Meng-Meng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Motivation
A large number of studies have shown that circular RNA (circRNA) affects biological processes by competitively binding miRNA, providing a new perspective for the diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases. Therefore, exploring the potential circRNA-miRNA interactions (CMIs) is an important and urgent task at present. Although some computational methods have been tried, their performance is limited by the incompleteness of feature extraction in sparse networks and the low computational efficiency of lengthy data.

Results
In this paper, we proposed JSNDCMI, which combines the multi-structure feature extraction framework and Denoising Autoencoder (DAE) to meet the challenge of CMI prediction in sparse networks. In detail, JSNDCMI integrates functional similarity and local topological structure similarity in the CMI network through the multi-structure feature extraction framework, then forces the neural network to learn the robust representation of features through DAE and finally uses the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree classifier to predict the potential CMIs. JSNDCMI produces the best performance in the 5-fold cross-validation of all data sets. In the case study, seven of the top 10 CMIs with the highest score were verified in PubMed.

Availability
The data and source code can be found at https://github.com/1axin/JSNDCMI.
Integrative analysis of individual-level data and high-dimensional summary statistics
Authors: Fu Sheng , Deng Lu , Zhang Han , Wheeler William , Qin Jing , Yu Kai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Researchers usually conduct statistical analyses based on models built on raw data collected from individual participants (individual-level data). There is a growing interest in enhancing inference efficiency by incorporating aggregated summary information from other sources, such as summary statistics on genetic markers’ marginal associations with a given trait generated from genome-wide association studies. However, combining high-dimensional summary data with individual-level data using existing integrative procedures can be challenging due to various numeric issues in optimizing an objective function over a large number of unknown parameters.

Results
We develop a procedure to improve the fitting of a targeted statistical model by leveraging external summary data for more efficient statistical inference (both effect estimation and hypothesis testing). To make this procedure scalable to high-dimensional summary data, we propose a divide-and-conquer strategy by breaking the task into easier parallel jobs, each fitting the targeted model by integrating the individual-level data with a small proportion of summary data. We obtain the final estimates of model parameters by pooling results from multiple fitted models through the minimum distance estimation procedure. We improve the procedure for a general class of additive models commonly encountered in genetic studies. We further expand these two approaches to integrate individual-level and high-dimensional summary data from different study populations. We demonstrate the advantage of the proposed methods through simulations and an application to the study of the effect on pancreatic cancer risk by the polygenic risk score defined by BMI-associated genetic markers.

Availability and implementation
R package is available at https://github.com/fushengstat/MetaGIM.
Impairment of central language processing in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients with delirium
Authors: Ferré Fabrice , Buffières William , Heine Lizette , Riu Beatrice , Curot Jonathan , Corneyllie Alexandra , Sarton Benjamine , Perrin Fabien , Silva Stein 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccumulating evidence indicates that coronavirus disease 2019 is a major cause of delirium. Given the global dimension of the current pandemic and the fact that delirium is a strong predictor of cognitive decline for critically ill patients, this raises concerns regarding the neurological cost of coronavirus disease 2019. Currently, there is a major knowledge gap related to the covert yet potentially incapacitating higher-order cognitive impairment underpinning coronavirus disease 2019 related delirium. The aim of the current study was to analyse the electrophysiological signatures of language processing in coronavirus disease 2019 patients with delirium by using a specifically designed multidimensional auditory event-related potential battery to probe hierarchical cognitive processes, including self-processing (P300) and semantic/lexical priming (N400). Clinical variables and electrophysiological data were prospectively collected in controls subjects (n = 14) and in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients with (n = 19) and without (n = 22) delirium. The time from intensive care unit admission to first clinical sign of delirium was of 8 (3.5–20) days, and the delirium lasted for 7 (4.5–9.5) days. Overall, we have specifically identified in coronavirus disease 2019 patients with delirium, both a preservation of low-level central auditory processing (N100 and P200) and a coherent ensemble of covert higher-order cognitive dysfunctions encompassing self-related processing (P300) and sematic/lexical language priming (N400) (spatial–temporal clustering, P-cluster ≤ 0.05). We suggest that our results shed new light on the neuropsychological underpinnings of coronavirus disease 2019 related delirium, and may constitute a valuable method for patient’s bedside diagnosis and monitoring in this clinically challenging setting.