bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring COVID-19 spreading speed through the mean time between infections indicator
Authors: Pena Gabriel , Moreno Verónica , Barraza Nestor Ruben 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To introduce a novel way of measuring the spreading speed of an epidemic.

Methods
We propose to use the mean time between infections (MTBI) metric obtained from a recently introduced nonhomogeneous Markov stochastic model. Different types of parameter calibration are performed. We estimate the MTBI using data from different time windows and from the whole stage history and compare the results. In order to detect waves and stages in the input data, a preprocessing filtering technique is applied.

Results
The results of applying this indicator to the COVID-19 reported data of infections from Argentina, Germany and the United States are shown. We find that the MTBI behaves similarly with respect to the different data inputs, whereas the model parameters completely change their behaviour. Evolution over time of the parameters and the MTBI indicator is also shown.

Conclusions
We show evidence to support the claim that the MTBI is a rather good indicator in order to measure the spreading speed of an epidemic, having similar values whatever the input data size.
Covert narrativity in contemporary poetry: English and German examples
Authors: Hühn Peter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article is based on the premise that poems are primarily read for their meaning, understood as what the text signifies in its semantic dimension and communicates to the reader, such as reflections, experiences and perceptions – fundamental phenomena of human existence, problems of living and acting, of experience and imagination. Such phenomena are centrally concerned with aspects of change, due to the temporal constitution of human existence. A powerful device for representing and processing such phenomena is the operation of narration, defined as a change of state predicated on a person or a situation. In that sense change and dealing with change pervasively underlie the contents of lyric poems. This explorative study seeks to demonstrate the variability and diversity of narrative as a prime device in poetry, typically employed in an obfuscating or compressive manner, as what one might call “covert narrativity”. To explore the diversity of covert narrativity, examples are taken from the wide range of contemporary German and English poetry: Paul Celan’s “Corona”, Simon Armitage’s “The Making of the English Landscape”, and Glyn Maxwell’s “The Byelaws”.
Gap solitons on an integrated CMOS chip
Authors: Choi Ju Won , Sohn Byoung-Uk , Sahin Ezgi , Chen George F. R. , Xing Peng , Ng Doris K. T. , Eggleton Benjamin J. , Tan Dawn T. H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nonlinear propagation in periodic media has been studied for decades, yielding demonstrations of numerous phenomena including strong temporal compression and slow light generation. Gap solitons, that propagate at frequencies inside the stopband, have been observed in optical fibres but have been elusive in photonic chips. In this manuscript, we investigate nonlinear pulse propagation in a chip-based nonlinear Bragg grating at frequencies inside the stopband and observe clear, unequivocal signatures of gap soliton propagation, including slow light, intensity-dependent transmission, intensity-dependent temporal delay and gap soliton compression. Our experiments which are performed in an on-chip ultra-silicon-rich nitride (USRN) Bragg grating with picosecond time scales, reveal slow light group velocity reduction to 35%–40% of the speed of light in vacuum, change in the temporal delay of 7 ps at low peak powers between 15.7 W–36.6 W, which is accompanied by up to 2.7× temporal compression of input pulses. Theoretical calculations using the nonlinear coupled mode equations confirm the observations of intensity-dependent temporal delay. Of fundamental importance, this demonstration opens up on-chip platforms for novel experimental studies of gap solitons as the basis of all-optical buffers, delay lines and optical storage.
Sub-wavelength visualization of near-field scattering mode of plasmonic nano-cavity in the far-field
Authors: Jin Xiao , Ye Shengwei , Cheng Weiqing , Hou Jamie Jiangmin , Jin Wanzhen , Sheng Tianyao , Hou Lianping , Marsh John H. , Yu Yefeng , Sun Ming , Ni Bin , Liu Xuefeng , Xiong Jichuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Spatial visualization of mode distribution of light scattering from plasmonic nanostructures is of vital importance for understanding the scattering mechanism and applications based on these plasmonic nanostructures. A long unanswered question in how the spatial information of scattered light from a single plasmonic nanostructure can be recovered in the far-field, under the constraints of the diffraction limit of the detection or imaging optical system. In this paper, we reported a theoretical model on retrieving local spatial information of scattered light by plasmonic nanostructures in a far-field optical imaging system. In the far-field parametric sin δ images, singularity points corresponding to near-field hot spots of the edge mode and the gap mode were resolved for gold ring and split rings with subwavelength diameters and feature sizes. The experimental results were verified with Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulation in the near-field and far-field, for the edge mode and the gap mode at 566 nm and 534 nm, respectively. In sin δ image of split-ring, two singularity points associated with near-field hot spots were visualized and resolved with the characteristic size of 90 and 100 nm, which is far below the diffraction limit. The reported results indicate the feasibility of characterizing the spatial distribution of scattering light in the far-field and with sub-wavelength resolution for single plasmonic nanostructures with sub-wavelength feature sizes.
Innovación y creatividad, su relación con la materialización de ideas de negocios
Authors: Pérez Palacios Emma Emilia , Solano Lavado Mariela Stacy 
Published: January 2023

El presente estudio tiene como propósito analizar las Capacidades de Innovación y Creatividad y su relación con la materialización de Ideas de negocios de los emprendedores de la Incubadora empresarial “Ideando” de la FCA – UNMSM; para ello se aplicó un estudio cuantitativo de carácter explicativo, correlacional y transversal, que contó con una muestra de estudio de 43 estudiantes incubados que se presentaron a la “Feria Emprendedora” organizada por la Incubadora en mención, en noviembre de 2018, a los cuales se les aplicó un cuestionario idóneo para medir las dimensiones del estudio. Se obtuvo como conclusión más relevante que en 13 de las 15 dimensiones de la variable creatividad e innovación se alcanzaron niveles medios. Sin embargo, en las dimensiones curiosidad mental (74.4%), búsqueda constante de ideas (51.2%) y conocimientos de los procesos de innovación (41.9%), se alcanzaron niveles superiores. Lo que estos resultados indican es que los emprendedores de la Incubadora empresarial “Ideando” tienen características promedio en cuanto a las variables bajo estudio, y con ella, más de la mitad de la muestra llevan sus emprendimientos en un nivel medio, demostrándose que la variable innovación y creatividad es necesaria para la materialización de los emprendimientos. La incubadora empresarial “Ideando”, inició sus operaciones en abril del 2017 y fue desactivada en enero de 2019.
Registered clinical trials investigating ketamine and esketamine for treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review
Authors: Brendle Madeline , Ragnhildstveit Anya , Slayton Matthew , Smart Leo , Cunningham Sarah , Zimmerman Mackenzie H. , Seli Paul , Gaffrey Michael Santo , Averill Lynnette Astrid , Robison Reid 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsKetamine and esketamine have garnered interest in both psychiatric research and clinical practice for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this review, we examined registered trials investigating the therapeutic use of ketamine or esketamine for TRD, with the aim of characterizing emerging trends and knowledge gaps.MethodsThe ClinicalTrials.gov electronic registry and results database was queried from inception to February 5, 2022, adhering to elements of the PRISMA guideline, we evaluated trial eligibility in the qualitative synthesis. Data regarding study design, drug regimens, and measures were subsequently abstracted and descriptively analyzed.ResultsThe search returned 86 records, of which 56 trials were included in the final review. The number of trials investigating ketamine and esketamine for TRD increased since 2008, with higher peaks observed in 2015 (n = 9) and 2021 (n = 9). Most trials were Phase 2 (13, 23.2%) or Phase 3 (11, 19.6%), gathering preliminary data on efficacy and/or further data on safety and efficacy with variant dosing and pharmacological approaches. By and large, trials examined ketamine and esketamine as individual versus combination treatments (45% and 25%, respectively). The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was most commonly used to assess clinical outcomes (75%).ConclusionsThere are increasingly large-scale and late-phase trials of esketamine over ketamine for TRD, coupled with efforts to centralize evidence on these medications. Yet several trials do not assess patient characteristics that may affect treatment response, such as age, sex, and race. By understanding these design limitations, scientists and clinicians can avoid research waste and funding bodies can judiciously direct support towards high priority research.
Resolving intragranular stress fields in plastically deformed titanium using point-focused high-energy diffraction microscopy
Authors: Li Wenxi , Sharma Hemant , Kenesei Peter , Ravi Sidharth , Sehitoglu Huseyin , Bucsek Ashley 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe response of a polycrystalline material to a mechanical load depends not only on the response of each individual grain, but also on the interaction with its neighbors. These interactions lead to local, intragranular stress concentrations that often dictate the initiation of plastic deformation and consequently the macroscopic stress–strain behavior. However, very few experimental studies have quantified intragranular stresses across bulk, three-dimensional volumes. In this work, a synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique called point-focused high-energy diffraction microscopy (pf-HEDM) is used to characterize intragranular deformation across a bulk, plastically deformed, polycrystalline titanium specimen. The results reveal the heterogenous stress distributions within individual grains and across grain boundaries, a stress concentration between a low and high Schmid factor grain pair, and a stress gradient near an extension twinning boundary. This work demonstrates the potential for the future use of pf-HEDM for understanding the local deformation associated with networks of grains and informing mesoscale models.
Graphical abstract
Classifying wireless signal modulation sorting using convolutional neural network
Authors: Hamza Ekhlas , Aziez Sameir , Hummadi Fadia , Sabry Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

Deep learning has recently been used for this issue with superior results in automatic modulation classification. Previous studies state that it is challenging to categorize a variety of modulation formats using traditional approaches; however, modulation classification is a crucial component of non-cooperative communication in wireless communication. The deep learning network was applied to solve the issue and get decent outcomes. This work uses a deep learning convolutional neural network (DLCNN) to classify three analog and eight digital modulation techniques by generating channel-impaired and synthetic waveforms as training data. The obtained DLCNN is tested by over-the-air indicators and a Software Define Radio(SDR) platform. The trained DLCNN estimates the modulation kind of each frame by taking 1024 samples of channel-impaired signals. The method includes generating several frames of 4-arry pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) that are impaired with sampling time drift, Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), center frequency, and Rician multipath fading. The DLCNN predicts real inputs when receiving a signal with complex samples of baseband. Before updating the network coefficients and on all iterations, the data store transforms data from files and records it. This network takes about 50 minutes to train using in-memory data and 110 minutes to train using disk data. The evaluation of the trained DLCNN is carried out by obtaining the classification accuracy for the test frames. The obtained outcome demonstrates that the developed network can achieve an accuracy of about 94.3 % in roughly 12 epochs for such types of waveforms, which elapsed about 26 minutes for training. This will increase the efficiency of spectrum usage and detect the modulation type of the wireless communication receivers
Determining patterns of vertical load on the prototype of a removable module for long-size cargoes
Authors: Vatulia Glib , Lovska Alyona , Pavliuchenkov Mykhailo , Nerubatskyi Volodymyr , Okorokov Andrii , Hordiienko Denys , Vernigora Roman , Zhuravel Irina 
Published: January 2023

The object of this study is the processes of occurrence, exposure to, and redistribution of loads in the supporting structure of a removable module for the transportation of long cargoes.
To adapt platform cars to the transportation of long loads, it is proposed to introduce a removable module with elastic-friction connections in the structure.
In order to select the optimal profiles for the removable module, in terms of minimal material consumption, the calculation was carried out in the Lira software package. Based on the calculation results, a spatial model of the concept of the removable module was built.
To determine the dynamic loads that act on the platform car loaded with a removable module, a mathematical simulation was carried out. It was established that the use of elastic-friction links in the structure of the removable module helps reduce its dynamic load, as well as the platform car, by 4.6 %. The resulting acceleration was taken into account when calculating the strength of the removable module. The calculation results showed that the strength of the removable module under operational loads is ensured.
A feature of the reported results is that the proposed design of a removable module makes it possible not only to adapt the platform car to the transportation of long loads but also to reduce its load in operation.
The scope of practical application of the results includes the engineering industry, in particular, railroad transport. Worth noting is that the conditions for the practical use of the results imply the introduction of elastic-friction links in the structure of the removable module.
The reported research will contribute to compiling recommendations for the design of modern vehicle structures, in particular removable type, as well as for improving the efficiency of rail transportation.
Investigating the impact of network topologies on the iot-based wsn in smart home monitoring system
Authors: Nourildean Shayma W. , Mohammed Yousra A. , Abdulhadi May T. 
Published: January 2023

The object of this research is to present IoT WSN-based smart home monitoring system, which allows users to monitor and manage all of their appliances and home equipment via the Internet using established protocols. IoT is described as the connection of equipment and appliances to the Internet in order to monitor, report, and perform certain tasks. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are considered as a key component in the IoT model's implementation. This research presented the IoT WSN platform using Riverbed Modeler Simulation Program in order to examine the network performance for different Wireless Sensor topologies (Star, Tree and Mesh). This platform consists of a number of scenarios with a number of sensors in each scenario. Each sensor is represented by the ZigBee end device, which sensed and collected data about the smart home and sent the collected data to the controller, which is represented by the ZigBee coordinator. The controller sends the data to the server to be monitored by the users through any gateway (Wi-Fi) after logging in using a specific application with three routing topologies on the controller. The results showed that IoT WSN tree topology is the best topology if the throughput is considered for improvement at the expense of data dropped with acceptable delay. Star topology improves the network performance in terms of data dropped and throughput when the number of sensors was increased. Mesh topology achieved the smallest data dropped with low throughput. Due to their features, these results were effective because they indicated that the selection of suitable routing topology played an important role in improving the degradation of IoT WSN performance due to the interference of Wi-Fi and ZigBee network since they utilized the same frequency band (2.4 GHz).
Designing a toolset for assessing the organizational and technological inertia of energy consumption processes at enterprises
Authors: Lesinskyi Valentyn , Yemelyanov Olexandr , Zarytska Oksana , Petrushka Tetyana , Myroshchenko Nataliia 
Published: January 2023

The object of this study is the assessment of the organizational and technological inertia of energy consumption processes at enterprises. The task to design effective toolset for such an assessment was tackled.
The indicators for assessing the organizational and technological inertia of energy consumption processes at enterprises have been determined and systematized. The factors that influence the level of this inertia were highlighted. A method for decomposing the relative level of organizational and technological inertia of energy consumption processes has been developed.
The level of organizational and technological inertia of the processes of natural gas consumption was assessed on the basis of a sample of enterprises. It has been established that this level is quite high. In particular, the duration of lag in the reduction of natural gas consumption, averaged over 2016–2021, ranged from 1.3 to 1.8 years. At the same time, the relative level of organizational and technological inertia of the processes of consumption of natural gas in terms of its natural volumes ranged from 36.5 % to 47.9 %. The empirical results are explained by the presence of significant obstacles to the implementation of organizational and technological measures to save natural gas.
A feature of the designed toolset for assessing the organizational and technological inertia of energy consumption processes is that its use makes it possible to obtain a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the specified inertia. This toolset can be used by enterprises of all types of economic activity in assessing the reserves for reducing the organizational and technological inertia of energy consumption. In addition, the designed tools can be used by state authorities and local governments in the formation of strategies for energy-saving economic development
Effect of syzygium cumini leaf extract as a green corrosion inhibitor on API 5l carbon steel in 1M HCL
Authors: Riastuti Rini , Mashanafie Giannisa , Rizkia Vika , Maksum Ahmad , Prifiharni Siska , Kaban Agus , Priyotomo Gadang , Soedarsono Johny 
Published: January 2023

Corrosion in API 5L steel under 1M HCl is a common issue; hence, creating a more effective and naturally-based inhibitor is critical. In this research, Syzygium Cumini leaf extract (SCLE) was used as a new green corrosion inhibitor under acidic conditions. The inhibition properties of the novel cumini extract were thoroughly characterized using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic force microscope (AFM). The results show that the cumini inhibitor has excellent corrosion inhibition with 93 % inhibition efficiency. The adsorption behavior of the inhibitor follows the Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm due to the nearness of R2 to unity. The potentiodynamic and electrochemical measurements demonstrate the mixed type of corrosion inhibitor. Thermodynamic calculation of ΔGads is – 18.41 kJ mol-1 showing the physical adsorption process between the inhibitor and metals. Further inspection of ΔHads at ‒58.93 kJ mol-1 considers releasing energy during adsorption. The FTIR results agree with the increased growth of passive layers due to the adsorption of polyphenol and flavonoids on metals. Remarkably, the adsorption peak at 3266.59 cm-1 corresponds to the adsorption of –OH. The peak at 1612.56 and 1698.4 cm-1 is attributed to C=C and C=O functional groups. The above functional groups serve as adsorption centers to reduce the corrosion effect. The surface treatment of AFM indicated a good relationship with the functional group characterization and confirmed the significant corrosion rate reduction. This work can be used as a benchmark to develop a natural plant as a corrosion inhibitor.
Determination of heat transfer mechanisms during vacuum drying of solid-moist and liquid-viscous materials
Authors: Abdizhapparova Bakhytkul , Potapov Volodymyr , Khanzharov Nurlan , Shingissov Azret , Khanzharova Bayan 
Published: January 2023

Most drying methods combine convective, conductive and radiation heat transfer processes. The share of each type of heat transfer may vary depending on the type and mode of drying, type of product, etc. In this study, the problem of determining the heat transfer mechanism of vacuum drying of solid-moist and liquid-viscous materials is solved. The objects of the study are Jerusalem artichoke tubers, camel and mare milk. The numerical values of the heat transfer components are found experimentally and their shares in the total heat flux are determined. During vacuum drying of Jerusalem artichoke at a medium pressure of 4 kPa and a temperature of 55 °C (with a layer height of 0.01 and 0.02 m), the convective component predominates (58.55 and 67.65 %). The share of thermal conduction (18.96 and 29.39 %) and radiation (13.39 and 12.05 %) is much lower. The mechanism of thermal conduction begins to prevail with an increase in the height of the material layer (0.03 and 0.04 m). The convective component is also dominant for vacuum drying of milk: at medium pressures of 6÷10 kPa and a temperature of 40 °C, its value for mare milk reaches 78.21 %, for camel milk – 73.33 %. The second most important is the share of radiation (19.45 and 22.58 %). Conductive heat transfer has the minimum indicators (5.66 and 6.17 %). The large values of the share of thermal conduction during drying of Jerusalem artichoke compared to milk are explained by the fact that heat transfer occurs inside the tubers due to conduction, and inside milk – due to convection. Insignificant shares of radiation are explained by low and medium vacuum values in the chamber. In the studied range, heat and mass transfer occurs due to molecular diffusion and convection. The results obtained can be used to formulate criterion heat transfer equations, in engineering calculations, and optimization of the vacuum dryer operation.