bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study to Assess Knowledge, Attitude toward Mental Illness, and Mental Health Help-Seeking among the Adult Population in a Selected District of Assam
Authors: Ngatey Junti , Baruah Arunjyoti , Kollipara Sandeep 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Mental health problems are neither a new disorder nor a disease condition. However, it has been ignored or neglected since the older days. People with adequate knowledge and positive attitude toward mental illness only will lead to increase their intention of seeking help for it.

Aim:
To assess knowledge, attitude toward mental illness, and mental health help-seeking among the adult population in the selected district of Assam.

Materials and Methods:
A quantitative research approach with a descriptive research design was adopted. There were a total of 100 adult participants. The data were collected by using the Modified Version of the Knowledge of Mental Illness Questionnaire, Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill Scale, and Mental Help-Seeking Intention Scale (MHSIS).

Results:
The study revealed that participants have adequate knowledge of mental illness (17.92 ± 4.607) and have a positive attitude toward it which includes authoritarianism (31.54 ± 3.295), benevolence (BE 33.93 ± 3.307), social restrictiveness (SR 24.74 ± 4.550), and community mental health ideology (CMHI 34.34 ± 4.326) and also shows high intention to seek help for mental health problems (6.53 ± 1.436). There was a statistically significant association of knowledge with occupation (χ
2 = 15.203,P= 0.001). It also showed a significant positive correlation between knowledge and BE domains (r = 0.242,P= 0.015) followed by a significant negative correlation between knowledge and SR domains (r= −0.345,P= 0.000) and a significant positive correlation between MHSIS score and CMHI domains (r = 0.207,P= 0.039) of attitude scale.

Conclusion:
The adults from the selected areas have an adequate knowledge on mental illness, positive attitude toward it and a high intention to seek help for mental health problems.
Knowledge and Dealing Strategies Regarding Learning Disability in Students Among Teachers at Selected Schools of Jodhpur
Authors: Dhama Varsha , Parihar Aashish , Pandey Vandna , Rani Raj 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Learning disability is a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities. Literature reports that in India prevalence of learning disability is 10% and there is approximately 90 million people with varying degrees of learning disabilities. Teachers play an important role in identifying and managing learning disabilities by using proper dealing strategies.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and dealing strategies regarding learning disabilities in students among teachers.

Methods:
250 teachers who were engaged in teaching students from 1st to 5th standards were selected by convenient sampling technique from selected schools of Jodhpur. Results: A self-structured knowledge questionnaire found that 62.4% of teachers had inadequate and 37.6% had adequate knowledge regarding learning disabilities. Self-structured dealing strategy rating scale had seven domains and out of them, the preventive dealing strategies domain are more evidently used by the teachers as compared to other domains.

Conclusions:
Study concluded that most of the teachers had inadequate knowledge regarding the learning disability and there is a great need to plan and implement awareness program for teachers about learning disabilities.
Tricuspid Atresia with Double-outlet Left Ventricle and Pulmonary Stenosis
Authors: Singhi Anil Kumar , Mohapatra Soumya Kanti , Nath Anish , Das Soumen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Tricuspid atresia is typically classified according to the relationship with the great arteries, the location of the ventricular septal defect, and the nature of the pulmonary flow. A condition where both great arteries arise from the left ventricle is an exceedingly uncommon occurrence. In this case study, we present a unique case of a young infant diagnosed with tricuspid atresia accompanied by a double-outlet left ventricle and pulmonary stenosis. We showcase this rare scenario through detailed multimodality imaging.
Libman–Sacks Vegetation, Infective Vegetation, and Pulmonic Valve Abscess in a Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient on Immunosuppressive Therapy
Authors: Nair Rajesh Gopalan , Veedu Praveen Rermal , Haridasan Vellani 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A 14-year-old girl, who is a known case of systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis, was admitted with complaints of fever for 10 days. Clinical examination did not show any focus of infection. Blood culture and sensitivity showed Staphylococcus aureus septicemia. She was started on antibiotics and subjected to routine transthoracic echocardiography. Transthoracic echocardiography showed Libman–Sacks vegetations (also known as nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis) on all the cusps of both mitral and tricuspid valves, along with sessile freely mobile infective vegetation attached to the right ventricular free wall, and pulmonic valve abscess moving to and fro about the pulmonic annulus. Surgery was deferred due to poor general condition, and the patient was continued on parenteral therapy. The girl succumbed to her illness on the 6th day of her illness.
Optical coherence tomography angiography and fundus fluorescein angiography in diabetic macular ischemia
Authors: Alam Mostafa M. , AbdEl_AzimEl_Koumy Hamdy , Serag Yasser R. , ElMhalawy Shaimaa R.M. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Diabetic macular ischemia (DMI) has not received attention despite its importance. The presence of DMI in the context of diabetic maculopathy affects visual acuity and changes management decisions.

Aim
This study was done to evaluate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in the detection of macular ischemia compared with fluorescein angiography (FFA).

Patients and methods
This prospective study was done on 70 eyes (50 eyes of diabetic patients who were diagnosed of macular ischemia by OCTA and 20 control eyes of healthy subjects matched for age and sex) at the outpatient clinic of the Ophthalmology Department, Tanta University, during the period from November 2017 to October 2018.

Results
In this study, OCTA and FFA were able to detect macular ischemia in all patients, and in most cases, macular ischemia was more evident on OCTA imaging compared with FFA. The two OCTA parameters that were used in this study to evaluate the degree of macular perfusion and ischemia [FAZ area (mm)2 and VDZ% for both superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep retinal capillary plexus (DCP)] were found to have a statistically significant difference between patient and control groups. Moreover, we used FAZ area (mm)2 to evaluate macular ischemia in FFA images.

Conclusion
OCTA allows early diagnosis of DMI. Unlike FFA, OCTA allows us to evaluate ischemia in SCP and DCP with high-resolution images and allows detection of retinal and choroidal structures, and its images are not affected by leaking vessels. It is better in the evaluation of FAZ area measurements.
Correlation between serum ascites albumin gradient and esophageal varices in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: El-Latif Salama Mohamed A.E.-M.A. , Negm Manal S. , Elbedewy Mohamed M. , El-Naggar Mousa M. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Liver cirrhosis is a major source of morbidity and mortality. Esophageal varices and ascites are common complications of portal hypertension. In newly diagnosed cirrhotic patients, endoscopic screening for varices is suggested. This increases the costs and overloads endoscopy units.

Aim
To study the relationship between serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) and presence and severity of esophageal varices in patients with chronic liver disease to validate the use of SAAG as an indirect indication of varices existence.

Patients and methods
The study was done on 50 adult cirrhotic patients presenting with ascites. Patients were evaluated for laboratory investigations and abdominal ultrasonography. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was done to find out if varices are present and their severity. Diagnostic paracentesis was done for ascitic fluid examination, and SAAG value was calculated. Based on SAAG value, patients were divided into three groups.

Results
There was a significant difference in the distribution of varices between SAAG groups. At cutoff value of SAAG of greater than equal to 1.5, the occurrence of varices can be predicted with 76% accuracy, sensitivity of 77%, and specificity of 75%.

Conclusions
There is a directly proportional significant relation between SAAG value and the presence of esophageal varices, as well as their severity. A cutoff value of SAAG of greater than equal to 1.5 can be used for prediction of varices existence. Accordingly, SAAG could be used to predict the development of varices among other noninvasive predictors.
Comparison of tadalafil and sildenafil in controlling neonatal persistent pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Abdel Monem Marwa A. , El Sharkawy Hamed M. , Abo ELezz Ahmed A. , Ibrahim Ashraf M. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a multifactorial syndrome, with 0.43–6.8/1000 live birth incidence and 10–20% mortality rate.

Aim
To compare the efficacy of tadalafil and sildenafil in controlling PPHN.

Patients and methods
This prospective study was carried out on 40 neonates with PPHN. Patients were equally divided into two groups: group 1 received tadalafil (Cialis 10 mg), 1 mg/kg as a single dose for 48 h, and group 2 received sildenafil (Silden 25 mg), 1 mg/kg/8 h for 48 h. Echocardiography was done at the time of enrollment and 48 h after starting treatment measuring the change in estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (ESPAP), patent ductus arteriosus assessment, assessment of left ventricle functions, changes in oxygen saturation, and oxygen requirements.

Results
Both drugs were successful in improving oxygen saturation, decreasing oxygen requirements, and decreasing ESPAP. There was a significant difference before and after treatment in both groups, whereas the difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant (P>0.05).

Conclusion
Tadalafil and sildenafil can similarly reduce ESPAP in neonates with PPHN. No serious short-term adverse effects of tadalafil and sildenafil were observed.
The protective effect of chrysin on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in lithium-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
Authors: Elsayed Raghda A.E. , Atef Marwa M. , Shafik Noha M. , El-Dardiry Samia A.H. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Drugs are an important cause of liver injury. Chrysin is a flavonoid and the main constituent of Oroxylum indicum. Many pharmacological and biological benefits have been attributed to it. These include anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects.

Aim
We intended investigating the anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, in addition antioxidant influence of chrysin on lithium-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Materials and methods
The present research was conducted at the Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt. A total of 40 albino male rats weighing between 150 and 200 g were included in this experiment and were split randomly into 4 equal groups (each group involved 10 rats): group I (control), group II (lithium treated), group III (lithium+chrysin), and group IV (chrysin treated). All rats that were acquired originated in the laboratory’s animal colony at Tanta University. Liver function tests, total and direct bilirubin, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, caspase-3, and nuclear factor-kappa B levels were measured.

Results
Chrysin treatment resulted in significant decrease in liver functions, total and direct bilirubin, caspase-3, nuclear factor-kappa B, and malondialdehyde levels and significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity, with reduced glutathione intensity.

Conclusion
Based on these correlating findings, it is possible to conclude that chrysin has protective potential on lithium-induced hepatotoxicity; therefore, it represents a promising therapeutic strategy in its management.
Unusual sources of hospital-acquired infections in intensive care units and operating rooms at Tanta University Educational Hospital
Authors: Mansour Norhan Ahmed Abo , Ramadan Mona O. , Ezz Hoda A. Ahmed , Hussein Mohamed Z. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Fomites can serve as a vehicle in transmission of health care-associated pathogens especially in intensive care units (ICUs) and operating rooms (ORs) where the patients are immunocompromised and at high risk of acquiring multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Aim
To assess bacterial contamination on inanimate surfaces and equipment in ICUs and ORs at Tanta University Educational Hospital to detect the potential reservoirs of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and to give appropriate recommendations for corrective actions.

Materials and methods
The samples were collected in sterile nutrient broth and incubated for 24 h. The isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria were done through standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility tests of the isolates were assessed by disc diffusion method.

Results
The contamination levels from group I (hospital samples) and group II (control samples) were 88.3% and 84%, respectively. In group I, Gram-negative bacilli were the most frequent isolates followed by Gram-positive cocci then Gram-positive bacilli, fungi, and lastly Gram-negative cocci that represented 35.7%, 34.4%, 25.9%, 3.2%, and 0.8%, respectively. In group II, all bacterial isolates were Gram-positive bacilli that represented 100%.

Conclusion
The presence of potential pathogenic-resistant bacteria on inanimate surfaces in hospital is of great health concern and these surfaces can serve as sources of HAIs.
The gallbladder wall thickness in correlation with portal hemodynamic changes in cirrhotic patients
Authors: El Sawaf Ahmed M. , Rabee Mohamed Y. , Amin Mohamed A.M. , Ismail Saber A.E. 
Published: September 2023

Background
The gallbladder wall thickness (GBWT) is affected by portal hypertension, so GBWT can predict portal hemodynamic changes.

Aim
To determine whether noninflammatory GBWT correlates with portal hemodynamic changes and esophageal varices (EV) in cirrhotic patients.

Patients and methods
A total of 80 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients consisted of 30 cirrhotic patients with EV, 30 cirrhotic patients without EV, and 20 noncirrhotic individuals as a control group. Complete blood count, liver function tests, hepatitis C virus antibody, and HBsAg were assessed. Child–Pugh score was calculated in cirrhotic patients. Moreover, abdominal ultrasonography was performed for measuring wall thickness of the gallbladder, spleen length, and portal vein diameter. Moreover, portal vein Doppler was done for portal blood mean flow velocity measurement. Upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy was done.

Results
GBWT was significantly increased in cirrhotic patients with EV compared with cirrhotic patients with without EV and noncirrhotic individuals (P<0.001). Moreover, GBWT was significantly correlated with spleen length, portal vein diameter, and portal velocity in cirrhotic patients with EV (P<0.001).

Conclusion
The GBWT could be one of the simple noninvasive predictors of portal hypertension and EV as it was positively correlated with portal hemodynamic changes that accompany cirrhotic portal hypertension.
Early ischemic stroke predictors after transient ischemic attacks among Egyptians
Authors: Basiouny Mohamed A. , Ragab Osama A.A. 
Published: September 2023

Background
The frequency of early stroke occurrence after transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) has been poorly studied.

Aim
This work aimed to determine the possible predictors of early ischemic stroke within 90 days of the first attack of TIA among Egyptians.

Patients and methods
A total of 80 patients presented with acute ischemic stroke or TIAs were recruited and were divided into group A, which included 40 patients presented with ischemic stroke preceded by TIAs within the last 3 months, and group B, which included 40 patients who had one or more TIAs and were asymptomatic for more than 3 months. All patients were subjected to the following: neurological assessment, laboratory investigations, cardiologic assessment, and brain imaging.

Results
Older patients were more liable to stroke occurrence after TIAs. Hospital admission during TIAs significantly reduced the risk of early stroke occurrence. Receiving medical treatment during TIAs significantly reduced the risk of early stroke occurrence. Hypertension was the only significant modifiable risk factor for early stroke occurrence. Multiple TIAs were significant predictors of early stroke recurrence. The rate of stroke occurrence was higher during the short-term follow-up, especially during the first week. Magnetic resonance diffusion changes were significant predictors of early stroke occurrence.

Conclusions
The main prognostic factors for early stroke occurrence after TIAs were age, hypertension, hospital admission, early medical treatment after TIAs, duration and frequency of TIAs symptoms, ABCD2 score, and positive findings in brain imaging.
Editar la Palestina
Authors: King Gretchen , Jegić Denijal 
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The purpose of journalistic style guides is to provide media practitioners with guidance on language to convey a neutral and objective presentation of information. This paper investigates thematic style guides published with a focus on Palestine and analyzes how these style guides construct media bias. Literature Review. In the literature reviewed a structural media bias against Palestinians that favors Israeli narratives is documented in research as an integral part of anglophone mainstream media through the reproduction of Orientalism, Zionist narratives, and anti-Palestinian racism. Methodology. A comparative content analysis was conducted on four thematic style guides, sampling common terms through a grounded theory approach. Results. The results show similarities and differences in the style guides’ definitions, sourcing, and explanations of key terms related to Palestine and its historical, legal, and geographic contexts. Discussion. The style guides notably differ in their content with some perpetuating anti-Palestinian bias in various implicit and explicit ways, such as Nakba denial, questioning Palestinian history, and reproducing Israeli sources and narratives. Conclusions. Our analysis concludes that anti-Palestinian bias and racism are an integral part of some anglophone newsroom policies and practices as implemented in style and editorial guidelines. Thematic style guides on Palestine thus can further perpetuate colonial conquest and anti-indigenous violence.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Siswa Menurut H.A.R. Tilaar
Authors: Anderson Ndolu  , Malau Maya , Manik Novida Dwici Yuanri , Iswahyudi Iswahyudi 
Published: September 2023

Christian religious education has a goal, namely, to enable people to live as Christians, namely, to live according to the Christian faith. The role of Christian religious educators is to lead people out of darkness into the Kingdom of God in Jesus. In the scriptures we find a vision of God's own plan for all mankind and creation, greetings to which Jesus the great teacher teaches His good news. It is hoped that Christian religious education teachers can carry out their duties with a sense of responsibility in accordance with educational goals and create a generation that has noble character, is responsible and has the character of Christ. The role of this Christian religious education teacher also raises a big theme in character education written by the nation's educator H.A.R. Tilaar who provides character education to strengthen the character of local culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the role of Christian religious education teachers in shaping the character of students according to H.A.R. Tilaar. Christian teachers form good characters to live in God. Living in God is not just an outward appearance, but living in God through living characters, works and thoughts that lead to God's words. The implication of a character who loves God is directly related to the character-building role of Christian education.

Pendidikan agama Kristen memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk memampukan orang-orang hidup sebagai umat Kristen, yakni hidup sesuai iman Kristen. Peran pendidik agama Kristen adalah untuk menuntun orang-orang keluar dari kegelapan menuju Kerajaan Allah di dalam Yesus. Dalam kitab suci kita mendapatkan visi rencana Allah sendiri bagi seluruh manusia dan ciptaan, salam kesinambungannya Yesus sang guru agung mengajarkan kabar baik-Nya. Diharapkan guru pendidikan agama Kristen mampu melaksanakan tugasnya dengan rasa tanggung jawab sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan dan menciptakan generasi yang berakhlak mulia, bertanggungjawab dan memiliki karakter Kristus. Peran guru pendidikan agama Kristen ini juga mengangkat tema besar dalam pendidikan karakter yang dituliskan oleh pendidik bangsa H.A.R. Tilaar yang memberikan pendidikan karakter menguatkan karakter budaya lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peran guru pendidikan agama Kristen dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik menurut H.A.R. Tilaar. Guru Kristen membentuk karakter yang baik untuk hidup dalam Tuhan. Hidup dalam Tuhan bukan hanya sekadar penampakan luar, tetapi hidup dalam Tuhan melalui karakter hidup, karya serta pemikiran yang mengarah pada firman Tuhan. Implikasi dari karakter yang mengasihi Tuhan secara langsung terkait pada peran membangun karakter dari pendidikan Kristen.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Dalam Meningkatkan Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Halawa Solingkari , Sni Seoni , Zendato Petrus Damai , Tanasyah Yusak 
Published: September 2023

Learning management is an important thing in the process of teaching and learning activities, learning management influences student achievement in academic and non-academic activities. The purpose of this study is based on learning management to improve early childhood cognitive abilities by using the storytelling method and the question-and-answer method. This type of research is the bibliography, the data collected in this study are two types of data, namely primary data, and secondary data. Data obtained from library research (library). The data collection technique used by this researcher is a literature study. The data analysis technique in this study used qualitative analysis techniques in a deductive way. The research results obtained that the storytelling method and the questioning method play an important role in improving the cognitive development of early childhood which can make it easier for children to carry out teaching and learning activities.

Manajemen pembelajaran merupakan hal penting dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar, manajemen pembelajaran berpengaruh terhadap prestasi peserta didik dalam kegiatan Akademik dan non akademik. Tujuan penelitian ini Berdasarkan manajemen pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak usia dini dengan menggunakan metode bercerita dan metode Tanya jawab, Jenis penelitian ini adalah bibliografi, data yang dikumpulkan dalam studi ini adalah dua jenis data yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data diperoleh dari riset kepustakaan (library). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti ini adalah studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik analisa kualitatif dengan cara deduktif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa metode bercerita dan metode bertanya sangat berperan penting dalam meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini dapat memudahkan anak dalam melakukan kegiatan belajar mengajar.