bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of literature on slum redevelopment policies of India: Geographies of dispossessions and caste
Authors: Hazarika Naomi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper reviews literature and identifies trends in the study of slum redevelopment and rehabilitation policies in India since the country's Independence. In doing so, it brings into conversation literature from various disciplines centered around slum redevelopment and rehabilitation policies of Indian cities. The paper begins by laying out the history of slum redevelopment and rehabilitation policies in India and then contextualizing the policies by examining how they came about and how they correspond to specific moments of the Indian political‐economy, especially the “liberalization” of the market in the 1990s. In the second section, the paper highlights trends in contemporary research on slum redevelopment and rehabilitation policies with a focus on studies on dispossession. The final section identifies a critical omission of the socio‐spatial realities of caste in contemporary studies of slum redevelopment and provides suggestions for future research.
Income‐poor, asset‐rich? The role of homeownership in shaping the welfare position of the elderly
Authors: Marcinkiewicz Edyta , Chybalski Filip 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe study explores the distribution of elderly households in terms of combinations of different levels of income and wealth and relates to the typically greater homeownership rates in this group than in the younger generation. Using microdata from the Luxembourg Wealth Study for 12 countries it demonstrates that ‘income‐poor, asset‐rich’ elderly households are a quite marginal category. However, the identification of this group is crucial from the policy perspective, as it constitutes a target for actions aiming at increasing the ability of the elderly households to use housing wealth in such a way as to improve their financial well‐being. The results also suggest that higher homeownership rates among elderly households, as compared to non‐elderly households, are not accompanied by proportionally greater household wealth. Nevertheless, when the level of data aggregation is reduced, there is some evidence that homeownership is positively associated with the welfare position of the elderly.
‘What is it we are trying to achieve here’? Community maternal and child health nurses and clinical supervision: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: O'Neill Anne , Hooker Leesa , Edvardsson Kristina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo explore clinical supervision practice by Victorian Maternal and Child Health nurses, identify the self‐reported supervision needs of nurses and the facilitators and barriers to meeting those needs.BackgroundCommunity‐based Maternal and Child Health nurses have responsibilities for the safety and wellbeing of children and specific clinical support needs. Clinical supervision has the potential to support nurses' clinical practice and reflective skills; however, little is known internationally about child and family health nurses' supervision practices.DesignQualitative descriptive study.MethodsTwenty‐three semi‐structured interviews were conducted between October and December 2021 with nurses, managers and supervisors across metropolitan, regional/rural areas of Victoria, Australia. Inductive thematic analysis was applied to the data. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guided this study.ResultsThree main themes, with subthemes were generated; ‘Understand what we do’, ‘It's the gathering of the nurses’ and ‘Bringing a case’. A lack of agreed purpose, aims and varied understandings of clinical supervision contributed to suboptimal clinical supervision. Although participants agreed about the importance of clinical supervision, the perceived benefits were inconsistently realized.ConclusionsThis study points to a need for greater organizational awareness of the conditions and leadership needed to build reflective skills and culture in community‐based child and family nursing.Reporting MethodThe Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research has guided this study.No Patient or Public ContributionThere was no patient or public contribution in the conduct of this study.Impact

A stronger focus is needed to build reflective culture and skill in child and family nursing.

Areas for improving child and family nurses' use of clinical supervision have been identified.

This study can inform nurse education, policy and service leaders, to strengthen clinical supervision in child and family nursing contexts.
Prevention and treatment of peri‐implant diseases—The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline
Authors: Herrera David , Berglundh Tord , Schwarz Frank , Chapple Iain , Jepsen Søren , Sculean Anton , Kebschull Moritz , Papapanou Panos N. , Tonetti Maurizio S. , Sanz Mariano ,   the EFP workshop participants and methodological consultant
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe recently published Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of stages I–IV periodontitis provided evidence‐based recommendations for treating periodontitis patients, defined according to the 2018 classification. Peri‐implant diseases were also re‐defined in the 2018 classification. It is well established that both peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis are highly prevalent. In addition, peri‐implantitis is particularly challenging to manage and is accompanied by significant morbidity.AimTo develop an S3 level CPG for the prevention and treatment of peri‐implant diseases, focusing on the implementation of interdisciplinary approaches required to prevent the development of peri‐implant diseases or their recurrence, and to treat/rehabilitate patients with dental implants following the development of peri‐implant diseases.Materials and MethodsThis S3 level CPG was developed by the European Federation of Periodontology, following methodological guidance from the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation process. A rigorous and transparent process included synthesis of relevant research in 13 specifically commissioned systematic reviews, evaluation of the quality and strength of evidence, formulation of specific recommendations, and a structured consensus process involving leading experts and a broad base of stakeholders.ResultsThe S3 level CPG for the prevention and treatment of peri‐implant diseases culminated in the recommendation for implementation of various different interventions before, during and after implant placement/loading. Prevention of peri‐implant diseases should commence when dental implants are planned, surgically placed and prosthetically loaded. Once the implants are loaded and in function, a supportive peri‐implant care programme should be structured, including periodical assessment of peri‐implant tissue health. If peri‐implant mucositis or peri‐implantitis are detected, appropriate treatments for their management must be rendered.ConclusionThe present S3 level CPG informs clinical practice, health systems, policymakers and, indirectly, the public on the available and most effective modalities to maintain healthy peri‐implant tissues, and to manage peri‐implant diseases, according to the available evidence at the time of publication.
Interventions to reduce nurses' burnout: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yildirim Nezaket , Yesilbas Hande , Kantek Filiz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to reduce nurses' burnout.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsThe research was carried out using the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, ULAKBİM Turkish National Database, Science Direct, and Web of Science. The study selection, quality assessments, and data extractions of the included studies were carried out by the researchers independently. The PRISMA checklist was used to assure the quality and transparency of the report. The risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. The meta‐analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis (CMA) 3.0 software.ResultsA total of 19 studies including 1139 nurses were included in the study. Of these, only 13 were included in the meta‐analysis, as six contained incomplete data. Interventions aimed at reducing burnout in nurses were mostly person‐directed interventions. The meta‐analysis revealed that attempts to reduce burnout had a small effect on nurses' emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and a moderate effect on their personal accomplishment.ConclusionsInterventions are more effective at preventing the sense of personal accomplishment of nurses from decreasing. Evidence in the literature on organization‐directed interventions and combined interventions to reduce burnout in nurses is limited. Person‐directed interventions are effective at low and medium levels. In future studies, it will be more effective to implement combined interventions including both person‐directed and organization‐directed interventions to reduce the burnout of nurses.
Regulatory pathway underpinning the development of encephalitis after simian immunodeficiency virus infection in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Kwon Taeho , Xiang Hong‐Yi , Xing Xiao‐Ya , Jiang Peng , Sun Shuai‐Yang , Sun Hu‐Nan , Han Ying‐Hao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSimian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) can lead to the development of SIV encephalitis (SIVE), which is closely related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐induced dementia.MethodsThis was done by analyzing SIV and SIVE encephalitis in infected M. mulatta hippocampus samples from two microarray data sets, identifying two groups of common differentially expressed genes and predicting associated protein interactions.ResultsWe found that eight genes—MX1, B2M, IFIT1, TYMP, STAT1, IFI44, ISG15, and IFI27—affected the negative regulation of biological processes, hepatitis C and Epstein–Barr viral infection, and the toll‐like receptor signaling pathway, which mediate the development of encephalitis after SIV infection. In particular, STAT1 played a central role in the process by regulating biopathological changes during the development of SIVE.ConclusionThese findings provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of encephalopathy after HIV infection by targeting STAT1.
Predictive factors for the success of trial without catheter for men with urinary retention
Authors: Takanashi Masato , Ito Hiroki , Fukazawa Takeshi , Takizawa Hiroki , Hioki Mari , Shinoki Risa , Kawahara Takashi , Kobayashi Kazuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the trial of spontaneous urination without catheter (TWOC) outcomes for men with acute urinary retention, determine successful TWOC predictors, and evaluate the impact of add‐on medication therapy on TWOC.MethodsThis retrospective study included men with acute urinary retention and post‐void residual (PVR) >250 mL who underwent TWOC between July 2009 and July 2019. Patients were divided into a medicated group who received alpha1 blocker on urinary retention diagnosis and a naïve group who did not. The trial was defined as unsuccessful if the PVR was >150 mL or if the patient experienced difficulty emptying their bladder with abdominal discomfort or pain, and a transurethral catheter was reinserted.ResultsAmong 576 men with urinary retention, 269 (46.7%) constituted the medicated group and 307 (53.3%) the naïve. The naïve group comprised more elderly patients (P = 0.010) with higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) (P = 0.001) and smaller prostate volume (P = 0.028) than the other. In the medicated group, 153 men received additional oral medication before TWOC to increase the success rate. There were significant age differences (P = 0.041) in the medicated group and significant median PS differences (P = 0.010) in the naïve group between the successful and unsuccessful outcomes of TWOC. The multivariate logistic regression model demonstrated that age <80 years in medicated patients (P = 0.042, odds ratio [OR] 1.701) and PS <2 in naïve patients (P = 0.001, OR 2.710) were significant independent predictors of successful TWOC outcomes.ConclusionsThis is the first study classifying patients with urinary retention according to medication status. Both medicated and naïve groups had different patient backgrounds and TWOC outcome predictors, suggesting a discrepant etiology behind urinary retention. Hence, acute urinary retention management in men should vary based on medication status for male lower urinary tract symptoms when urinary retention is diagnosed.
Property rights enforcement and wage inequality
Authors: Pi Jiancai , Zhang Pengqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper establishes a general equilibrium model to investigate how property rights enforcement impacts wage inequality when unproductive and productive activities coexist. We consider enforcement funded by a gross income tax, a labor tax, or a capital tax, and find that in all of the three schemes, when property rights enforcement is relatively efficient and the skilled sector is more capital intensive than the unskilled sector, an increase in enforcement will decrease wage inequality. However, the critical values of property rights enforcement efficiency under the three funding sources are different. In particular, the critical value in the scheme of a capital tax is always smaller than that in the scheme of a gross income tax, which suggests that if the skilled sector is more capital intensive than the unskilled sector, switching the funding sources of enforcement from a gross income tax to a capital tax can help mitigate wage inequality.
Drivers of genomic landscapes of differentiation across a Populus divergence gradient
Authors: Shang Huiying , Field David L. , Paun Ovidiu , Rendón‐Anaya Martha , Hess Jaqueline , Vogl Claus , Liu Jianquan , Ingvarsson Pär K. , Lexer Christian , Leroy Thibault 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpeciation, the continuous process by which new species form, is often investigated by looking at the variation of nucleotide diversity and differentiation across the genome (hereafter genomic landscapes). A key challenge lies in how to determine the main evolutionary forces at play shaping these patterns. One promising strategy, albeit little used to date, is to comparatively investigate these genomic landscapes as progression through time by using a series of species pairs along a divergence gradient. Here, we resequenced 201 whole‐genomes from eight closely related Populus species, with pairs of species at different stages along the divergence gradient to learn more about speciation processes. Using population structure and ancestry analyses, we document extensive introgression between some species pairs, especially those with parapatric distributions. We further investigate genomic landscapes, focusing on within‐species (i.e. nucleotide diversity and recombination rate) and among‐species (i.e. relative and absolute divergence) summary statistics of diversity and divergence. We observe relatively conserved patterns of genomic divergence across species pairs. Independent of the stage across the divergence gradient, we find support for signatures of linked selection (i.e. the interaction between natural selection and genetic linkage) in shaping these genomic landscapes, along with gene flow and standing genetic variation. We highlight the importance of investigating genomic patterns on multiple species across a divergence gradient and discuss prospects to better understand the evolutionary forces shaping the genomic landscapes of diversity and differentiation.
Mind the ESG capital allocation gap: The role of index providers, standard‐setting, and “green” indices for the creation of sustainability impact
Authors: Fichtner Jan , Jaspert Robin , Petry Johannes 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEnvironmental, social, and governance (ESG) funds are among the fastest‐growing investment styles. ESG investing thereby has a governing effect, and a key open question is whether ESG merely reduces risks for investors or whether it can have a sustainability impact and actively contribute to climate transition. This governance through ESG is characterized by three potential transmission mechanisms: ratings, shareholder engagement, and capital allocation. These can create sustainability impact or constitute “ESG gaps” if transmission mechanisms remain ineffective/unutilized. Based on financial data, an investigation of ESG methodologies and expert interviews, we provide a novel ESG market analysis, focusing on the standard‐setting role of a handful of ESG index providers in capital allocation. Our findings highlight that while “Dark Green” indices could have an impact, currently “Broad ESG” indices, which do not meaningfully facilitate sustainability, dominate investing: we call this the “ESG capital allocation gap.” This has important implications, because effective transmission mechanisms are crucial for ESG funds to achieve sustainability impact in the real economy.
Analysis of facial vascular pattern characteristics in the Korean population
Authors: Kim Tae‐Eun , Lee Ye Eun , Han Young‐Min , Baek Ji Hwoon , Ko Min Ji , Ahn Hye‐Jin , Shin Min Kyung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFacial erythema is a common problem among patients visiting dermatologists. However, data on the clinical characteristics of facial erythema in healthy people are lacking. We aimed to compare and analyze the severity and pattern of facial vascularity in healthy subjects based on their age and gender.Materials and MethodsThis study included 198 Korean volunteers (126 females and 72 males) with Fitzpatrick skin types II, III, or IV. Fourteen different anatomical areas on the face were divided into facial erythema units. Each unit was scored from one (least erythematous) to five (most erythematous) according to the observed level of erythema on the red images implemented as hemoglobin content. We also evaluated the presence of facial telangiectatic macules.ResultsOn average, the perinasal, nasal, and cheek units were the most hypervascular regions. In contrast, the degree of facial erythema was lowest in the labial (perioral), neck, and temporal regions. The average value of erythema was higher in males than in females. Additionally, the severity of erythema tended to increase with age. In both males and females, the number of telangiectatic macules increased with age.ConclusionsWe analyzed the clinical characteristics of erythema in healthy subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types II, III, or IV in the Korean population. This study is expected to be used to identify the neurovascular pathogenesis of the most common regions of facial dermatosis in the future.
Using umbilical cord blood as a source of paediatric packed red blood cells: Processing and quality control
Authors: Risso Mariane Aparecida , Deffune Elenice , Luzo Ângela Cristina Malheiros 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesUmbilical cord blood (UCB) has been used as a source of red blood cells (RBCs) for neonatal/paediatric transfusion purposes. This study adopted two different procedures to obtain umbilical RBC (U‐RBC) to compare its quality control parameters to those of fractionated adult RBC (A‐RBC), for paediatric purposes.Materials and MethodsUCB units (24) were filtered and processed based on two different methods, namely, conventional/manual (P1;n12) and automatic (P2;n12). They were compared to five fractionated A‐RBCs. U‐RBC and A‐RBC were stored for 14 days and had their haematological, biochemical, haemolytic and microbiological parameters analysed at D1, D7 and D14. Cytokines and growth factors (GFs) in residual U‐RBC plasma were measured.ResultsMean volume of processed U‐RBC units was 45 mL for P1 and 39 mL for P2; the mean haematocrit level reached 57% for P1 and 59% for P2. A‐RBC recorded a mean volume of 44 mL. Haematologic and biochemical parameters analysed in U‐RBC and A‐RBC presented similar behaviours during storage time, except for parameter values, which differed between them. Pro‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines, as well as GFs, were higher in U‐RBC residual plasma than in that A‐RBC.ConclusionUCB can be processed into RBC based on either manual or automated protocols. U‐RBC units met the referenced quality parameters defined for A‐RBC. Some features, mainly the biochemical ones, should be further investigated to help improve quality parameters, with emphasis on differences found in, and particularities of, this material and on recipients of this new transfusion practice.
Guidance to best tools and practices for systematic reviews
Authors: Kolaski Kat , Logan Lynne Romeiser , Ioannidis John P.A. 
Published: June 2023

Data continue to accumulate indicating that many systematic reviews are methodologically flawed, biased, redundant, or uninformative. Some improvements have occurred in recent years based on empirical methods research and standardization of appraisal tools; however, many authors do not routinely or consistently apply these updated methods. In addition, guideline developers, peer reviewers, and journal editors often disregard current methodological standards. Although extensively acknowledged and explored in the methodological literature, most clinicians seem unaware of these issues and may automatically accept evidence syntheses (and clinical practice guidelines based on their conclusions) as trustworthy.
A plethora of methods and tools are recommended for the development and evaluation of evidence syntheses. It is important to understand what these are intended to do (and cannot do) and how they can be utilized. Our objective is to distill this sprawling information into a format that is understandable and readily accessible to authors, peer reviewers, and editors. In doing so, we aim to promote appreciation and understanding of the demanding science of evidence synthesis among stakeholders. We focus on well-documented deficiencies in key components of evidence syntheses to elucidate the rationale for current standards. The constructs underlying the tools developed to assess reporting, risk of bias, and methodological quality of evidence syntheses are distinguished from those involved in determining overall certainty of a body of evidence. Another important distinction is made between those tools used by authors to develop their syntheses as opposed to those used to ultimately judge their work.
Exemplar methods and research practices are described, complemented by novel pragmatic strategies to improve evidence syntheses. The latter include preferred terminology and a scheme to characterize types of research evidence. We organize best practice resources in a Concise Guide that can be widely adopted and adapted for routine implementation by authors and journals. Appropriate, informed use of these is encouraged, but we caution against their superficial application and emphasize their endorsement does not substitute for in-depth methodological training. By highlighting best practices with their rationale, we hope this guidance will inspire further evolution of methods and tools that can advance the field.