bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culinary art, political theater, and COVID‐19 policy: An ethnographic study of a live poultry stall in Wuxi
Authors: Gu Yue , Rodd Robin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmblematic of the ubiquitous wet markets in China, the live‐poultry trade has far‐reaching influences on Chinese people's diet, culinary art, social interactions, and cultural identities. Since the COVID‐19 pandemic began, the live‐poultry trade has also borne the brunt of this public health crisis due to its notorious history of spreading avian flu and its association with the spread of coronavirus. There have been serious consequences—successive open‐ended bans on live poultry trade at urban markets have been announced by several cities, Wuxi, China, included. Based on seven‐week field research on a conventional live‐poultry stall at a major wet market in Wuxi, this article examines the live‐poultry stall's work setting, interactions between live‐poultry vendors and consumers in building and practicing culinary values (including food qualities and cooking mastery), ethical issues around live‐poultry slaughtering, and how the local Wuxi government contrives to rehabilitate the city from an “endemic” business via an epidemic. We argue that there are underlying political agendas relating to cravings for modernity and urbanization behind a seemingly radical hygienic discourse, which tends to proselytize cultural customs and suppress the social functions of public space. The live‐poultry stall thus undergoes intersectional framing as a “culinary oasis” versus a “petri dish,” and a “social courtyard” versus a “political theater,” in this national anti‐epidemic movement.
NAPB and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy: Description of the electroclinical profile associated with a novel pathogenic variant
Authors: Mignon‐Ravix Cécile , Riccardi Florence , Daquin Géraldine , Cacciagli Pierre , Lamoureux‐Toth Sylvie , Villard Laurent , Villeneuve Nathalie , Molinari Florence 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by epileptic seizures associated with developmental delay or regression. DEE are genetically heterogeneous, and the proteins involved play roles in multiple pathways such as synaptic transmission, metabolism, neuronal development or maturation, transcriptional regulation, and intracellular trafficking. We performed whole exome sequencing on a consanguineous family with three children presenting an early onset (<6 months) with clusters of seizures characterized by oculomotor and vegetative manifestations, with an occipital origin. Before 1 year of age, interictal electroencephalographic recordings were well organized and neurodevelopment was unremarkable. Then, a severe regression occurred. We identified a novel homozygous protein‐truncating variant in the NAPB (N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive fusion [NSF] attachment protein beta) gene that encodes the βSNAP protein, a key regulator of NSF–adenosine triphosphatase. This enzyme is essential for synaptic transmission by disassembling and recycling proteins of the SNARE complex. Here, we describe the electroclinical profile of each patient during the disease course. Our findings strengthen the association between biallelic variants in NAPB and DEE and refine the associated phenotype. We suggest including this gene in the targeted epilepsy gene panels used for routine diagnosis of unexplained epilepsy.
Uncertainty and corporate investments in response to the Fed's dual shocks
Authors: Adra Samer , Menassa Elie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Federal Reserve's impact on corporate investments varies with the type of monetary shock. From a conventional standpoint, contractionary monetary shocks trigger a rise in financing costs that significantly reduce investment. Such effects are predicted by the widely investigated monetary policy channels. However, we highlight informational circumstances under which monetary contraction reduces uncertainty and incentivizes a rise in investment. These effects arise when monetary tightening conveys a positive assessment of the macroeconomic outlook by the Fed. We further show that the positive effect of contractionary Fed information shocks on investment is largely driven by these shocks’ ability to reduce uncertainty.
Realizing the invariant electrostrain response and low hysteresis via multicomponent coordination in Pb‐based ceramics
Authors: Li Zhen , Jia Hongrui , Lu Jintao , Li Yinfei , Liang Zhigang , Wei Jing , Wang Linghang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance piezoelectric materials are essential in many piezoelectric devices. However, the composition of piezoelectric materials usually has a great influence on their performance. In this work, xBi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–yPbZrO3–zPbTiO3 (xBMT–yPZ–zPT; 0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.4, 0.25 ≤ y ≤ 0.4, and 0.35 ≤ z ≤ 0.4) ternary ceramics with different compositions were synthesized and it was found that the strain response was not sensitive to the composition. The crystal structure, strain response, ferroelectric properties, and temperature stability of xBMT–yPZ–zPT ceramics were investigated in detail. X‐ray diffraction patterns show that all the as‐prepared xBMT–yPZ–zPT ceramics with x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 possess a perovskite structure. Under an external electric field of 6 kV mm−1, the strain values of xBMT–yPZ–zPT ternary ceramics with x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 were 0.30%, 0.31%, 0.30%, and 0.27%, respectively. In addition, the strain hysteresis of these ternary ceramics is also almost the same and low. These merits make xBMT–yPZ–zPT piezoelectric ceramics have broad application prospects in the field of commercial actuators.
Shifting age of child eating disorder hospitalizations during the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Auger Nathalie , Steiger Howard , Luu Thuy Mai , Chadi Nicholas , Low Nancy , Bilodeau‐Bertrand Marianne , Healy‐Profitós Jessica , Ayoub Aimina , Brousseau Émilie , Israël Mimi 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundWe studied the effect of the Covid‐19 pandemic on child eating disorder hospitalizations in Quebec, Canada. Quebec had one of the strictest lockdown measures targeting young people in North America.MethodsWe analyzed eating disorder hospitalizations in children aged 10–19 years before and during the pandemic. We used interrupted time series regression to assess trends in the monthly number of hospitalizations for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and other eating disorders before the pandemic (April 2006 to February 2020), and during the first (March to August 2020) and second waves (September 2020 to March 2021). We determined the types of eating disorders requiring hospital treatment and identified the age, sex and socioeconomic subgroups that were most affected.ResultsHospitalization rates for eating disorders increased during the first (6.5 per 10,000) and second waves (12.8 per 10,000) compared with the period before the pandemic (5.8 per 10,000). The increase occurred for anorexia nervosa as well as other types of eating disorders. The number of girls and boys aged 10–14 years admitted for eating disorders increased during wave 1. Wave 2 triggered an increase in eating disorder admissions among girls aged 15–19 years. Hospitalization rates increased earlier for advantaged than disadvantaged youth.ConclusionsThe Covid‐19 pandemic affected hospitalizations for anorexia nervosa as well as other eating disorders, beginning with girls aged 10–14 years during wave 1, followed by girls aged 15–19 years during wave 2. Boys aged 10–14 years were also affected, as well as both advantaged and disadvantaged youth.
No detection of Xylella fastidiosa in cicadas (Hemiptera, Cicadidae) sampled in infected areas of Corsica (France)
Authors: Mesmin Xavier , Lambert Maxime , Chartois Marguerite , Farigoule Pauline , Cesari Louis , Quiquerez Ileana , Borgomano Sabrina , Rossi Jean‐Pierre , Rasplus Jean‐Yves , Cruaud Astrid 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStudies investigating X. fastidiosa (Xf) acquisition by cicadas are scarce. We collected 169 cicadas in infected areas throughout Corsica (France), belonging to the four species known from the island (Cicada orni; Cicadetta fangoana; Tibicina corsica corsica and Tibicina nigronervosa). All specimens were tested for the presence of Xf using a two‐step PCR approach followed by Illumina sequencing. All specimens tested negative. So far, there is no indication that European cicadas are playing a significant role in the spread of Xf.
Embryonic development of the skull in a parthenogenetic lizard, the mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris)
Authors: Skawiński Tomasz , Kaczmarek Paweł , Borczyk Bartosz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGekkotans are one of the major clades of squamate reptiles. As one of the earliest‐diverging lineages, they are crucial in studying deep‐level squamate phylogeny and evolution. Developmental studies can shed light on the origin of many important morphological characters, yet our knowledge of cranial development in gekkotans is very incomplete. Here, we describe the embryonic development of the skull in a parthenogenetic gekkonid, the mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris), studied using non‐acidic double staining and histological sectioning. Our analysis indicates that the pterygoid is the first ossifying bone in the skull, as in almost all other studied squamates, followed closely by the surangular and prearticular. The next to appear are the dentary, frontal, parietal and squamosal. The tooth‐bearing upper jaw bones, the premaxilla and maxilla, develop relatively late. In contrast to previous reports, the premaxilla starts ossifying from two distinct centres, reminiscent of the condition observed in diplodactylids and eublepharids. Only a single ossification centre of the postorbitofrontal is observed. Some of the endochondral bones of the braincase (prootic, opisthotic, supraoccipital) and the dermal parasphenoid are the last bones to appear. The skull roof is relatively poorly ossified near the time of hatching, with a large frontoparietal fontanelle still present. Many bones begin ossifying relatively later in L. lugubris than in the phyllodactylid Tarentola annularis, which suggests that its ossification sequence is heterochronic with respect to T. annularis.
Access to digital media and devices among adolescents in sub‐Saharan Africa: A multicountry, school‐based survey
Authors: Wang Dongqing , Shinde Sachin , Drysdale Roisin , Vandormael Alain , Tadesse Amare W. , Sherfi Huda , Tinkasimile Amani , Mwanyika‐Sando Mary , Moshabela Mosa , Bärnighausen Till , Sharma Deepika , Fawzi Wafaie W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDigital technologies provide unprecedented opportunities for health and nutrition interventions among adolescents. The use of digital media and devices among young adolescents across diverse settings in sub‐Saharan Africa is unclear. This cross‐sectional study aimed to assess the use of digital media and devices and the socioeconomic determinants of use among young adolescents in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, South Africa, Sudan and Tanzania. The study included 4981 adolescents aged 10–15 from public schools selected by multistage sampling. Access to various digital media and devices was self‐reported by adolescents. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and access to digital media and devices. Approximately 40% of the adolescents in Burkina Faso and South Africa, 36% in Sudan, 13% in Ethiopia and 3% in Tanzania owned mobile phones. Compared with boys, girls had a lower ownership of mobile phones (odds ratio [OR] = 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68, 0.92; p = 0.002), computers (OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.99; p = 0.04) and social media accounts (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.83; p < 0.001). Higher maternal education and greater household wealth were positively associated with access to digital media and devices. While digital media and devices are promising platforms for interventions in some settings due to relatively high levels of access, their utility in delivering health and nutrition interventions to adolescents in these contexts should be further examined.
Fast thinking: How unconscious bias and binary language contribute to rationing of care to older persons
Authors: Hunter Kathleen F. , Dahlke Sherry Ann 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundBinary or categorical thinking is a way of thinking in which the brain unconsciously sorts the masses of information it receives into categories. This helps us to quickly process information and keeps us safe through pattern recognition of possible threats. However, it can also be influenced by unconscious and conscious biases that inform our judgements of other people and situations.ObjectivesTo examine nursing practice with older people through the lens of unconscious bias.MethodsIn this critical analysis, using Kahneman's fast and slow thinking, we argue that nurses working with hospitalised older people often rely on thinking quickly in hectic work environments, which can contribute to unconscious and conscious bias, use of binary language to describe older persons and nursing tasks, and ultimately rationing of care.ResultsBinary language describes older persons and their care simplistically as nursing tasks. A person is either heavy or light, continent or incontinent, confused or orientated. Although these descriptions are informed in part by nurses' experiences, they also reflect conscious and unconscious biases that nurses hold towards older patients or nursing tasks. We draw on explanations of fast (intuitive) and slow (analytical) to explain how nurses gravitate to thinking fast as a survival mechanism in environments where they are not supported or encouraged to think slow.ConclusionsNurses survival efforts in getting through the shift using fast thinking, which can be influenced by unconscious and conscious biases, can lead to use of shortcuts and the rationing of care. We believe that it is of paramount importance that nurses be encouraged and supported to think slowly and analytically in their clinical practice.Implications for practiceImplications Nurses can engage in journaling and reflecting on their practice with older people to examine possible unconscious bias. Managers can support reflective thinking by supporting nurses through staffing models and encouraging conversations about person‐centered care in unit practices.
Inequalities in SARS-CoV-2 case rates by ethnicity, religion, measures of socioeconomic position, English proficiency, and self-reported disability: cohort study of 39 million people in England during the alpha and delta waves
Authors: Larsen Tim , Bosworth Matthew L , Ayoubkhani Daniel , Schofield Ryan , Ali Raghib , Khunti Kamlesh , Walker Ann Sarah , Glickman Myer , Harrison Camille , Nafilyan Vahé 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo examine sociodemographic inequalities in people with SARS-CoV-2 during the second (alpha) and third (delta) waves of the covid-19 pandemic.DesignRetrospective, population based cohort study.SettingResident population of England.Participants39 006 194 people aged 10 years and older who were enumerated in the 2011 census, registered with the NHS, and alive on 1 September 2020.Main outcome measuresAge standardised SARS-CoV-2 case rates (ie, the number of people who received a positive test result per 100 000 person weeks at risk) during the second wave (1 September 2020 to 22 May 2021) or third wave (23 May to 10 December 2021) of the pandemic. Age standardised rates were calculated by sociodemographic characteristics and adjusted rate ratios were estimated using generalised linear regression models with a Poisson distribution (models were adjusted for covariates including sex, age, geographical variables, and sociodemographic characteristics).ResultsDuring the study period, 5 767 584 people (14.8% of the study population) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. In the second wave, the fully adjusted relative risks of having a positive test were highest for the Bangladeshi and Pakistani ethnic groups compared with the white British group, with rate ratios of 1.75 (95% confidence interval 1.73 to 1.77) and 1.69 (1.68 to 1.70), respectively. Muslim and Sikh religious groups had fully adjusted rate ratios of 1.51 (1.50 to 1.51) and 1.64 (1.63 to 1.66), respectively, compared with the Christian group. Greater area deprivation, disadvantaged socioeconomic position, living in a care home, and low English language proficiency were also associated with higher relative risk of having a positive test. However, the inequalities among groups varied over time. Being Christian, white British, without a disability, and from a more advantaged socioeconomic position were associated with increased relative risk of testing positive during the third wave.ConclusionResearch is urgently needed to understand the large sociodemographic inequalities in SARS-CoV-2 case rates in order to inform policy interventions in future waves or pandemics.
Woman with acute onset involuntary limb movements
Authors: Ho Tsung-Han , Lee Jiunn-Tay , Hsu Yaw-Don 
Published: April 2023

Clinical introductionAn 88-year-old woman presented with acute onset of involuntary limb movements for one day. Two days prior she had fallen a suffered a left hip contusion but no head trauma. There was no fever or difficulty breathing. Her heart rate was 72 bpm with blood pressure of 109/68 mm Hg. Physical examination revealed restricted left hip motion due to pain and a sustained twisted posture of the upper extremity without paresis. Glasgow Coma Scale was 15, and there was no evidence of Kernig’s or Brudzinski’s sign. She underwent a hip X-ray and non-contrast CT scan (figures 1 and 2).Figure 1Anteroposterior X-radiograph of the hip.Figure 2A non-contrast brain CT.QuestionWhat is the most likely cause of the clinical presentation?Acute meningitisCerebral fat embolismHaemorrhagic strokeHypertensive encephalopathyFor answer see page 2For question see page 1
012 Outcomes following confirmed myocardial injury in patients with atrial fibrillation: a post hoc subgroup analysis of the high-STEACS trial
Authors: McKay Tegan , Scally Benjamin , Lee Kuan Ken , Anand Atul , Mills Nicholas , Gray Alasdair 
Published: April 2023

Troponin rise in patients with atrial fibrillation may be falsely attributed to oxygen demand-supply mismatch rather than acute atherothrombotic events requiring urgent percutaneous coronary intervention. The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in clinical presentation, management and outcomes between patients in atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm presenting to the Emergency Department with a suspected acute coronary syndrome. This is the first report to describe the atrial fibrillation patient population recruited to the High-STEACS trial.Patients recruited to theHigh-Sensitivity Troponin in the Evaluation of patients with suspected Acute Coronary Syndromes(High-STEACS) trial from three sites across South East Scotland with confirmed myocardial injury diagnosed by high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I were included in apost hocsubgroup analysis (n=3597). Baseline patient characteristics, coronary revascularisation treatment and one-year mortality outcomes were compared between individuals in atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm.517 (14.4%) of patients presenting to Emergency Departments with confirmed myocardial injury were found to be in atrial fibrillation. One year all-cause mortality was higher in this population compared to patients presenting in sinus rhythm (24.8% vs 16.9%; p<0.001). Patients in atrial fibrillation were less likely to undergo invasive coronary angiography (21.5% vs. 59.8%; p<0.001) or urgent revascularisation with either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting (13.2% vs. 45.2%; p<0.001). These patients were also more likely to receive an adjudicated diagnosis of myocardial injury or type 2 myocardial infarction (67.1% vs. 25.2%; p<0.001). However, there was no related increase in the incidence of unplanned coronary revascularisation in the year following index presentation (4.5% vs. 6.9%; p=0.05). Although patients in atrial fibrillation have poorer clinical outcomes, these results are likely to indicate an older population with higher multimorbidity rather than a missed opportunity for active treatment during initial presentation to the Emergency Department.
016 An evaluation of the impact of the NICE head injury guidelines on inpatient mortality from traumatic brain injury: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Marincowitz Carl , Lecky Fiona , Allgar Victoria , Sheldon Trevor 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is the commonest cause of death and disability in UK Citizens aged 1–40. In England three (National Institute of Health and Care Excellence - NICE) guidelines have been implemented to improve TBI outcomes. All guidelines recommended increased CT imaging. The second guideline recommended the management of patients with severe TBI in specialist neuroscience centres.This study uses national data and interrupted time series analysis to assess the impact of the NICE guidelines.Individual level Office of National Statistics (ONS) cause of death data linked to Hospital Episode Statistics for inpatient admissions in England between 1998–2017 were used to estimate the monthly population mortality and admission rate for TBI.An interrupted time series analysis was conducted with intervention points when each guideline was introduced. The analysis was stratified by guideline recommendation specific age groups (0–15, 16–64 and 65+).The monthly TBI mortality and admission rate in the 65+ age group increased from 0.5 to 1.5 and 10 to 30 per 100, 000 population respectively. The increasing mortality rate was unaffected by the introduction any of the guidelines.The introduction of the 2nd NICE Head Injury guideline was associated with a significant reduction in the monthly TBI mortality rate in 16–64 age group (−0.005; 95% CI: −0.002 to −0.007).In the 0–15 age group the TBI mortality rate fell from around 0.05 to 0.01 per 100 000 population, the trend was unaffected by the guidelines.Abstract 016 Figure 1The impact of the NICE head injury guidelines on monthly TBI mortality rate per 100 000 populationAbstract 016 Figure 2The impact of the NICE head guidelines on monthly TBI hospital admissions per 100,000 populationConclusionThe introduction of NICE head injury guidelines was associated with reduced population based mortality rates after specialist care was recommended for severe TBI. The improvement was solely observed in 16–64 year olds.The cause of the observed increased admission and mortality rate in those 65+ and potential treatments for TBI in this age group requires further investigation.