bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental effects following a seismic sequence: the 2019 Cotabato - Davao del Sur (Philippines) earthquakes
Authors: Ferrario Maria Francesca , Perez J.S. , Dizon M. , Livio F. , Rimando J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the period of October – December 2019, the Cotabato – Davao del Sur region (Philippines) was hit by a seismic sequence comprising four earthquakes with magnitude MW > 6.0 (EQ1-4; max magnitude MW 6.8). The earthquakes triggered widespread environmental effects, including landslides and liquefaction features. We documented such effects by means of field surveys, which we supplemented with landslide mapping from satellite images. Field surveys allowed us to gather information on 43 points after EQ1, 202 points after EQs2-3 and 87 points after EQ4. Additionally, we built a multi-temporal inventory of landslides from remote sensing, comprising 190 slope movements triggered by EQ1, 4737 after EQs2-3, and 5666 at the end of the sequence. We assigned an intensity value to each environmental effect using the Environmental Seismic Intensity (ESI-07) scale. Our preferred estimates of ESI-07 epicentral intensity are VIII for the first earthquake and IX at the end of the sequence, which is in broad agreement with other events of similar magnitude globally. This study, which is the first case of the application of the ESI-07 scale to a seismic sequence in the Philippines, shows that repeated documentation of environmental damage and the evaluation of the progression through time may be useful for time-dependent susceptibility assessment and for investigating the role played by ground shaking and by other mechanisms (e.g., rainfall).
Assessment and comparison of the antimicrobial and clinical efficacy of copper nanoparticles gel with scaling and root planing (SRP) against chlorhexidine gel with scaling and root planing (SRP) as a local drug delivery agent in patients with periodontitis –A randomized interventional clinical trial.
Authors: Mahale Swapna Arunkumar , Dhadse Prasad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nanotechnology provides a novel approach for delivering and stopping alveolar infections. Nano-materials have improved and distinctive physicochemical properties like ultra-small sized ranging from 1–100 nm tiny solid molecules, substantial ratio of mass to surface area and increased chemical responsiveness makes it encouraging antibacterial therapy. Cu NPs exhibits excellent antiviral behavior which inactivates virus by inhibiting its RNA replication while its protein shell remains intact, which suggests that ions penetrated into the virus to act against the RNA. In addition to direct killing, NPs modulates immune responses, and enhances innate antimicrobial immune defenses. Phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species remain vital for the host to fight against infective pathogens. Nitric oxide gets oxidized to Cu, present in protective proteins in microbes, to free Cu ions, which boosts toxicity to microbial cells.The aim of the study is to appraise physical properties, antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, time kill assay, anti-biofilm formation of Cu nanoparticles gel against periodontal pathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Fusobacterium nucleatum , Prevotella intermedia and Tannerella forsythia ).In-vivo analysis to compare clinical efficacy of copper nanoparticle gel +SRP against chlorhexidine gel+SRP as a local drug delivery agent in patients with periodontitis .
METHODS: Copper nanoparticles were procured from Nano research Laboratory. Gel was prepared and assessed for Minimum InhibitoryConcentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration(MIC,MBC), MTT assay to find out its cytotoxicity against periodontal and mouse fibroblasts ,Time Kill Assay at different time intervals against periodontal pathogens. Antibiofilm formation was done by cell culture method.
DISCUSSION:
The pH of the prepared CU-NP gel was 5.76, viscosity was 322.5 cPs and spread diameter of 425% IC50 value of CUNP against mouse fibroblast was 49.12±1.67 whereas against periodontal fibroblast at 3.12μg/ml , displaying 98 % of cell viability. At 1hr interval, time kill assay had revealed no growth of periodontal pathogens when carried out for 48 hrs . MIC value was within the range of 0.4-3.12μg/ml ,whereas MBC value was 0.8-3.12μg/ml. Anti-biofilm activity did not demonstrate promising result as compared to control.
Since the results of Copper nanoparticles gel were promising which encouraged us to evaluate in -vivo analysis of gel as a local drug delivery in the treatment of periodontal pocket in periodontitis patients.
Trial registration: CTRI/2022/07/044047 ( Clinical Trial Registry of India www.ctri.nic.in)
Production of Alginate Biofilm Added With Vanillin for Application as a Biocurative
Authors: Silveira Letícia , Naves Fabiano Luiz , Santos Igor José Boggione , Sarrouh Boutros , Lofrano Renata Carolina Zanetti 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The present work presents the results of the production of vanillin-doped alginate biofilm. Alginate dressings are already a therapeutic reality, but they act only by maintaining the appropriate environment for healing. With the intention of improving their properties, the incorporation of vanillin was proposed due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. Different biofilms were produced employing experiment planning through response surface analysis, which allowed determining the best region for a medium value of solubility and high degree of intumescence. This region refers to values above 0.07 g of CaCl2 and concentrations above 0.024 g of vanillin, triggering a solubility between 25% and 30% and a degree of intumescence above 100% and with fixed values of alginate (0.85 g). As for the optimization of the process, the Normal Boundary Intersection (NBI) method was able to analyze concave regions, predicting the optimal points and generating the Pareto chart with equidistant limits The antimicrobial test allowed the observation of antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa microorganisms from the biofilms, as well as a solution of vanillin with calcium chloride and glycerol obtaining a halo of inhibition only in the presence of vanillin. Thermal analysis of thermogravimetry and differential exploratory calorimetry showed that the material has thermal stability, in the temperature range ideal for application as a biomaterial, for example as biocuratives.
Qualitative evaluation and economic assessment of Dal-lake aquatic weed vermicompost prepared in conventional vermi-bed and smart vermicomposting bin
Authors: Kumar Amit , Muzamil Mohammad , Rashid Saqib , Banday Rizwan Ul Zama 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The study emphasized in understanding the dynamics of vermicomposting in conventional vermi-bin and smart vermicomposting bin using Dal Lake aquatic weed as substrate with turning frequency of 10 days and 20 days and 20, 40 and 60 days degradation period. In vermi-bed method, the materials were turned manually and a spiral mixer was used in smart vermicomposting bin. The results showed that pH, organic carbon and C: N ratio dwindled by 3.28%, 16.36% and 5.57% and there was an increase in EC by 22.39%, N 14.03%, P 37.78% and K 5.85% with 10 days turning frequency in vermi-bed vermicomposting system. In 20 days turning frequency, the values were 3.02%, 22.58%, 13.96%, 42.86%, 6.92%, 11.81%, respectively. When the dal lake aquatic weed was degraded in smart vermicomposting bin, it was observed that pH, organic carbon and C:N ratio shrunk by 5.63%, 14.94% and 24.88% with an increase in 11.23% N, 26% P, 10.4% K in 10 days turning frequency and 60 days degradation period. In 20 days turning interval, the values recorded were 6.23%, 14.29%, 24.56%, 10.99%, 20%, 16.77%, respectively. The cost of preparation of 1 kg of vermicompost was Rs. 20 and Rs. 13 in vermi-bed and smart vermicomposting bin. The benefit cost ratio of smart vermicomposting bin was higher (1.78) than vermi-bed process in the second year. The study can help to shift from conventional to smart vermicomposting system to automate the system, reduce the dependence on manual labour and achieve the dream of organic agriculture.
Salt tolerance mechanisms in five Asteraceae species: Seed germination and seedling growth, cellular damage, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants
Authors: Ghiasy-Oskoee Mehdi , AghaAlikhani Majid 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Exploring the saline-adapted species and the mechanisms by which they have evolved in saline conditions would be a feasible way to utilize saline soils. Based on this approach, this study aimed to evaluate the seed germination and seedling responses of the five abundant Asteraceae species to salinity stress and determine the antioxidant defense strategies by which these species demonstrated variations in the tolerance of salinity. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum), blessed thistle (Cnicus benedictus), pot marigold (Calendula officinalis), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), and cardoon (Cynara cardunculus) were subjected to 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 Mm NaCl concentrations. Calendula officinalis (CO) showed the highest, Silybum marianum (SM) and Cnicus benedictus (CB) moderate, and Carthamus tinctorius (CT) followed by Cynara cardunculus (CC) the least inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth at all given salinity levels. Each species utilized different antioxidant mechanisms in response to salinity. Peroxidase (POX) was the major antioxidative enzyme in resistance species, CT and CC, while catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were more pronounced in moderate, SM and CB, and susceptible, CO, species, respectively. Besides, all species expressed a great ability to accumulate considerable amounts of proline in response to salinity, which was more evident in the 150 and 200 Mm NaCl concentrations. From the results, it can be concluded that CT and CC with longer seedling roots, higher POX activity and proline accumulation coupled with lower cellular damage under increased salinity demonstrated a more saline-tolerance capacity in comparison to other species.
Free weight resistance training alters body composition in middle-aged women depending on menopause - A 20-week control trial study
Authors: Isenmann Eduard , Kaluza Dominik , Havers Tim , Elbeshausen Ana , Geisler Stephan , Hofmann Katharina , Flenker Ulrich , Diel Patrick , Gavanda Simon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Resistance training (RT) is effective in counteracting the age- and menopause-related loss of muscle mass (MM) and strength in middle-aged women (40-60 years). Research on RT with free weights in this population is limited in pre- and postmenopausal women. Based on this, a 20-week training intervention was conducted with middle-aged women to investigate the effects of systematic strength training with free weights on strength capacity and body composition.
Method: Forty-one healthy women (52.0±3.6 years) participated in this study. A 10-week control phase (no strength training, T0-T1) was followed by a 10-week intervention phase (T1-T2) with RT twice a week and 6-8 sets of each muscle per week. Subjects were randomly assigned to a low-intensity (50% 1-RM) or moderate-intensity (75% 1-RM) RT group and divided into pre-menopausal (PreMeno) and post-menopausal (PostMeno) according to their hormone profile. Fat-free mass (FFM), MM, fat mass (FM), muscle thickness (Vastus lateralis (VL), Rectus femoris (RF), Triceps brachii (TB), grip strength, 1-RM squat and bench press were assessed before and after each phase. Statistical analysis was used a linear mixed model to account for fixed (time and group) and random effects (individual).
Results: A total of 31 women successfully completed the study. No injuries occurred during the intervention. Significant increases in 1-RM were observed in all groups. No interaction effect was observed for the strength parameters. In premenopausal women, FFM, MM and RF muscle thickness increased significantly, while VL showed a trend. These effects were not present in postmenopausal women regardless of RT intensity.
Conclusion: RT with free weight is safe and effective for middle-aged women to increase 1-RM. Hypertrophy effects were found exclusively in premenopausal women. To achieve hypertrophy and/or body composition changes in postmenopausal women, larger training volumes (>6-8 sets/muscle per week) are likely required.
Patient Perspectives and Experiences Regarding Pre-surgery Weight Loss Requirements For the Morbidly Obese Seeking Hip and Knee Replacement
Authors: Holub Meaghan , Edelstein Adam , Hooyer Katinka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
Achieving recommended pre-surgery weight loss prior to elective hip and knee replacement is challenging for many morbidly obese patients despite available weight loss programs and education. This study aimed to identify 1) barriers and facilitators to weight loss, and 2) patient perceptions of helpful interventions. Willingness to participate in future clinical trials not requiring weight loss was also discussed.
Methods
18 patients with morbid obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m2) with advanced hip and/or knee arthritis seeking arthroplasty care were recruited for one of three virtual semi-structured focus groups. Nine patients at different weight loss stages attended the focus groups. Transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis to identify barriers and facilitators to weight loss and helpful interventions.
Results
Patients reported physical, social, and environmental factors impacting their ability to remain motivated and disciplined to obtain their weight loss goals. Barriers and facilitators to pre-surgery weight loss included: 1) desperation; 2) food culture; 3) weight loss as a “lonely journey” requiring social and clinical support; and 4) uncontrollable factors of everyday life. Ideal weight loss interventions were described as sustainable, simple, and including clinical and peer support. There was low interest in a clinical trial that does not require weight loss prior to arthroplasty.
Conclusion
Approaches to weight loss for morbidly obese patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis may be most effective if they provide explicit, simple directions for dieting that minimize required meal-prep time, coupled with periodic clinician follow-ups and the opportunity for peer support for those that desire it.
The Encke Comet Impact/Airburst and the Younger Dryas Boundary: Testing the Impossible Hypothesis (YDIH)
Authors: Mahaney William C. , Somelar Peeter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Many have tagged the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis, (YDIH) an ethereal expression to explain the Younger Dryas (YD) climatic reversal, namely the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB), a theory, deniers state, lacking convincing evidence in support. The core of the hypothesis lies squarely on anti-uniformitarianism, that is, uniform processes moving uniformly with no room for catastrophic events, specifically cosmic catastrophic forces. Beyond philosophically based aversion to the YDIH, specific criticism comes from megafauna and archaeologic corners, related to the near coeval disappearance of specific Late Pleistocene species on the one hand, and relation to disruption and temporary disappearance of the Clovis people on the other. Coupled to all this, breakup of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) and resultant Lake Agassiz-Mackenzie River floods, disrupting the thermohaline circulation of the North Atlantic, all meltwater induced marine coupled atmospheric cooling is at the heart of the Late Glacial/Younger Dryas transition. In short, deniers of the cosmic link—the black mat----use geohydrologic explanations to explain the foremost climatic reversal of the Late Pleistocene. The geologic paradigm, firmly in place with meltwater release into the Atlantic in tow, attention slowly drifted to explanation of an innocuous looking, thin (~ 1–2 cm), black sediment bed found in lacustrine and fluvial deposits of the American southwest, and other places. Thus, with thin dark beds of Gubbio in mind, the quest to explain black mat (BM) beds took on a cosmic aspect, one with growing, supporting evidence on several continents. The impossible hypothesis, now the probable explanation of the YD climatic reversal, is at center stage, set at 12.8 ka, with a burgeoning corpus of undeniable evidence its cornerstone. It is this undeniable evidence that is the subject of this paper.
Impacts of seasonality on the phenology of three grapevine cultivars in the semi-arid climate
Authors: Evangelista Thamyres Yara Lima , Santos Adaniel Sousa dos , Cunha Jenilton Gomes da , Pereira Gustavo Alves , Miranda Rafael de Souza 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the impacts of the growing season on the physiological performance, phenological cycle, and yield of grapevines grown in a semiarid climate. Thus, we established a field experiment in two growing seasons using cultivars with intermediate cycles (BRS Magna and BRS Núbia), and early cycles (BRS Violeta) in Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil. Our results suggest that vines cultivated during the second season (September-December) anticipated the phenology from sprouting to berry maturation (BBCH01-BBCH89) of all studied cultivars. The vines cultivated in the 2nd season had an average duration of 109 days after pruning. The growing season within each cultivar level showed that the 2nd season was the best for all studied cultivars. In all cases, plants from the second growing season showed higher rates of CO2 assimilation, transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, and the relationship between internal, and external CO2 concentrations (Ci/Ca ratio). BRS Magna had the highest production (3563.5 kg/plant), the highest number of berries per bunch (34.5), longitudinal diameter (35.1 mm), and transverse diameter, universal of the berry (15.3 mm), fruit mass (61.83 g), berries (2.4 g), and total soluble solids (14.9 °Brix). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the studied cultivars differed from each other, highlighting alterations in the analyzed variables as affected by growing season. Our findings provide relevant information for the growing season, and behavior of vine cultivars to be used as a basis for viticulture cultivation in semiarid environments.
MgO-Based Composites for High Pressure CO2 Capture: A First-Principles Theoretical and Experimental Investigation
Authors: Kwon Sung Hyun , Hiremath Vishwanath , Nanoti Anshu , Kang Sung Gu , Seo Jeong Gil , Lee Seung Geol 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Magnesium oxide (MgO) is an interesting material with tunable acido-basic properties. MgO-based composite sorbents (MgAl2O4, MgSiO3, and MgTiO3) have drawn much attention based on their high temperature CO2 sorption. In this study, the theoretical and experimental investigation by phonon calculations and high-pressure CO2 sorption were conducted to identify a potential candidate to achieve CO2 capture under pre-combustion conditions. The divergence of the physico-chemical properties of the various sample materials was found to be the determining factor for the enhanced CO2 sorption. From the high-pressure CO2 sorption experiment at 200 oC, MgAl2O4 shows high chemisorption capacity of CO2 compared to the other systems such as MgO, MgSiO3, and MgTiO3. However, the thermodynamic properties of MgAl2O4 for CO2 capture were found to be less favorable than those of other compounds in our phonon calculations. In other words, the carbonation of MgAl2O4, producing MgCO3 is not a favorable reaction at the experimental condition in our phonon calculations due to the formation of Al2O3 as a byproduct. On the other hand, MgO was experimentally found to have low adsorption capacity under similar conditions. Contrarily, the carbonation of MgO, which has a large number of basic sites at pre-combustion conditions and produces MgCO3, is found to be favorable in our calculations clearly defining the existence of tradeoff properties under practical CO2 sorption conditions.
Optimal detumbling guidance and control of plasma plume for tumbling spacecraft
Authors: Zhao Hongqian , Dai Honghua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Detumbling is a crucial first step for on-orbit service and space debris removal. Recently, plume has become an efficient medium for detumbling failed spacecraft, which can avoid direct contact to improve operation safety. However, the traditional molecular plume may lead to an unaffordable fuel consumption, so it is necessary to propose a novel strategy to solve this problem. The Hall effect thruster is a common high specific impulse engine, which can generate high-speed plasma plume for contactless detumbling. The traditional plume models present difficulties for practical implementation due to the contradiction between the requirement of real-time computation and the limited computing capability of the spaceborne computer. To address the challenge of calculating the impact force, a fully analytical plasma plume model is proposed to substantially enhance the computing efficiency without loss of accuracy. A guidance law for optimal detumbling is proposed to mitigate the spin angular velocity while stabilizing nutation under multiple complex constraints. To facilitate the development of the detumbling control, a terminal non-singular sliding mode controller based on the saturation function (TSM-sat) is proposed, which can converge in finite time and avoid the chattering phenomenon. The Numerical results indicate that the proposed plasma plume model can significantly improve the computing efficiency and the optimal guidance law can stabilize the target within a reasonable time.
QTL mapping for Zinc accumulation in a barley doubled haploid population: R/qtl vs common software packages
Authors: Mohammadi Seyyed Abolghasem , Sadeghzadeh Behzad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Zinc deficiency is one of the important malnutrition globally. For identification of the genomic regions associated with seed Zn concentration in barley, 149 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between Clipper and Sahara 3771 were characterized for the shoot and seed Zn concentration and content, as well as single plant grain yield under greenhouse conditions. The linkage map consisted of 246 SSRs, and EST-SSRs, 238 RFLPs, and 33 IRAP and REMAP markers spanned 1502.40 cM of the barley genome with an average distance of 2.9 cM between two adjacent markers. A total of 36, 32, and 39 QTLs for the six traits under study were detected using the composite interval mapping method implemented in QTL IciMapping, QGene, and QTL Cartograph, respectively. The custom-made R-script revealed the most powerful ability to find QTL, which mapped 39 QTLs underlying the six traits on all barley chromosomes. Out of 89 QTLs identified, 30 QTLs were commonly detected at least by two packages. The majority of the common QTLs were major QTLs, explaining more than 15% of the trait’s phenotypic variation. The most of QTLs mapped by R-script for the studied traits except single plant grain yield were confirmed by other programs.