bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio‐Inspired Differential Capillary Migration of Aqueous Liquid Metal Ink for Rapid Fabrication of High‐Precision Monolayer and Multilayer Circuits
Authors: Zhang Mingkuan , Gong Jiahao , Chang Hao , Sun Xinlong , Zhang Pan , Fu Junheng , Liu Li , Li Xiaoying , Wang Yushu , Rao Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractManipulating liquid metal inks to create conductive microstructures has attracted widespread interest as liquid metal microstructures are turning into influential components in flexible electronics. However, it is challenging to prevent the issues with low precision, low efficiency, and residue caused by sedimentation, free diffusion, and the Marangoni effect. Inspired by the water transport in plants, the wetting‐induced assembly method based on the differential capillary effect for liquid metal ink is created to realize the facile and rapid manufacture of liquid metal conductive microstructures. The single‐micron accuracy circuits with a minimum of ≈4 µm straight lines are fabricated to a centimeter scale. This method can also be extended to the preparation of multilayer circuits (minimum 5 µm through hole). The resulting entirely flexible stretchable circuits make it possible to construct highly stretchable devices, such as flexible transparent conductors and stretching sensors. Transparent conductors exhibit excellent mechanical (maximum ≈750% tensile rupture limit) and optoelectronic properties (the transmittance reaches ≈87% and the sheet resistance is ≈0.5 Ω/□)|making them suitable for optically‐clear electromagnetic shielding. This study offers a fresh and plain approach to solving the assembly problem of liquid metal inks, paving the way for the creation of flexible electronic devices
Enabling Superior Cycling Stability of LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 with Controllable Internal Strain
Authors: Tan Zhouliang , Chen Xiaoxuan , Li Yunjiao , Xi Xiaoming , Hao Shuaipeng , Li Xiaohui , Shen Xingjie , He Zhenjiang , Zhao Wengao , Yang Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntergranular cracking of Ni‐rich layered LiNi1‐x‐yCoxMnyO2 (1‐x‐y ≥ 0.8) cathode particles deteriorate the chemo–electro–mechanical stability of high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), thus presenting a challenge to typical modification methods to establish robust structures with highly efficient lithium‐ion storage. Herein, the ZrTiO4 (ZTO) as an epitaxial layer to enhance mechanical stability of ultrahigh‐Ni LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 (NCM90) is reported for the first time. Intensive exploration from structure characterizations (X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and in situ X‐ray diffraction techniques), multi‐physics field analysis, and first‐principles calculations disclose that the conformal ZTO layers and Zr doping effectively suppresses the internal strain and the release of lattice oxygen, which prodigiously restrains the local stress accumulation during whole (de)lithiation processes, thereby maintaining good mechanical stability of the materials. Meanwhile, the protective ZTO layer also prevents electrolyte erosion, thus keeping an intact surface structure of NCM90. Notably, ZTO‐modified NCM90 achieves significantly improved cyclability under high‐voltage (4.5 V) operation, expressing a 17% increase in capacity retention (71% vs 88%) after 100 cycles. Overall, this work reveals the role of internal strain in the original degradation behavior and effectiveness of surface engineering strategy to solve the challenge, emphasizing that the conformal surface protection mitigates the internal stress of Ni‐rich NCM by anchoring the lattice oxygen.
Host‐Guest Chemistry of Chiral MOFs for Multicolor Circularly Polarized Luminescence Including Room Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Gao Pengfu , Zhang Kun , Ren Dandan , Liu Hui , Zhang Huiju , Fu Hongru , Ma Lufang , Li Dongsheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExploiting the chirality transfer and amplification in the hierarchical chiral systems by the visible and accurate structures is still a challenge. Herein, a pair of homochiral metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) DCF‐12 and LCF‐12 with high rigidity and high porosity are synthesized via reticular chemistry. Interestingly, these two enantiomers can act as nano‐containers, in which four chromophores, covering acridine, pyrene, 9,10‐Bis(phenylvinyl) anthracene (BPEA), and coronene can be introduced by in situ encapsulation. Importantly, the precise single crystal structures of all guest‐loaded MOFs by X‐ray diffraction technique can be obtained smoothly. It not only clearly reveals the chirality transfer from chiral host framework to achiral guest emitters through space chirality transfer, but also circularly polarized luminescence can be achieved and modulated through the synergistic effect. Extraordinarily, both pyrene@DCF‐12 and pyrene@LCF‐12 exhibit fascinating multi‐color tunable room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and dynamic circularly polarized luminescence. Besides, the RTP quantum yields of pyrene@DCF‐12 and pyrene@LCD‐12 are high up to 75.39% and 73.43%, which exceeds most of that of RTP materials. These results demonstrate that chiral MOFs can serve as an accurate platform to investigate the mechanism of chirality transfer and amplification and to prompt the development of CPL‐active materials.
Mechanistic Origin for High Structural Stability of Single Crystalline Nickel‐Rich Cathode Materials Via Al and Sm Co‐Doping
Authors: Li Jing , Zhong Wentao , Deng Qiang , Zhang Qimeng , Lin Zhang , Yang Chenghao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNickel‐rich layered oxides have attracted many attentions for their superior specific capacity and low cost, but they are subjected to fast structural degradation during cycling. Herein, the Al and Sm co‐doped LiNi0.83Co0.07Mn0.10O2 (SC‐NCM‐AS) single‐crystal is demonstrated to overcome their cycling instability issue, and its mechanistic origin for improved structural stability is investigated. It is found that soluble Al ions are homogenously incorporated in the LiNi0.83Co0.07Mn0.10O2 (SC‐NCM) lattice, while Sm ions tends to aggregate in the SC‐NCM outer surface layer. The Li/Ni cation disordering is greatly suppressed through the pillaring effect of stronger AlO bond in SC‐NCM single crystals. Sm‐concentrated outer surface layer can effectively prevent the dissolution of transition metals from SC‐NCM‐AS and inhibit undesirable side reactions induced by the organic electrolyte. This synergistic effect facilitates to suppress the formation of LiOH/Li2CO3 and oxygen vacancies, resulting in released the internal strain, decreased in‐plane transition metals migration and gliding, and eventually preventing formation of nanocracks in SC‐NCM‐AS single crystals upon cycling at high cut‐off voltage. Consequently, Al and Sm co‐doped SC‐NCM exhibits a high specific capacity of 222.4 mAh g−1 and remarkable cycling performance with a capacity retention of 91.1% for 100 cycles.
Enzyme‐Encapsulated Protein Trap Engineered Metal–Organic Framework‐Derived Biomineral Probes for Non‐Invasive Prostate Cancer Surveillance
Authors: Yu Zhichao , Tang Juan , Gong Hexiang , Gao Yuan , Zeng Yongyi , Tang Dianping , Liu Xiaolong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA paper‐based naked‐eye recognition assay with enzyme‐encapsulated protein engineered metal–organic framework‐derived biominerals is developed for direct quantification of sarcosine in urine samples for screening of prostate cancer individuals. The detection strategy stems from the successful construction of a cascade response model, which involves the introduction of a cascade enzymatic catalytic reaction on Pt nanoparticles (NPs)‐loaded porous CeO2 by integrating a sarcosine oxidase as a special recognition unit and a chromogenic substrate as a signal molecule reporter. Pt NPs‐loaded CeO2 is subjected to a one‐step thermal treatment based on multilayered mesoporous Ce‐based metal–organic framework, and the calcined CeO2 exhibits the same distinct porous graded structure. Importantly, introduction of Pt NPs sharply enhances the peroxidase‐like activity of CeO2, which is considered to be caused by the difference in the adsorption behavior of hydrogen peroxide on the CeO2 surface and Pt/CeO2 obtained by density functional theory calculations. On the basis of this, the probe is used on a mass‐producible paper‐based working platform and 3D‐printed device to specifically screen for minor differences in sarcosine between urine samples from cancer patients and normal individuals. Enzyme‐assisted cascade catalytic reaction can be extended by replacing different recognition units for multiple analytes.
Catalyst‐Support Interactions in Zr2ON2‐Supported IrOx Electrocatalysts to Break the Trade‐Off Relationship Between the Activity and Stability in the Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lee Changsoo , Shin Kihyun , Park Youngtae , Yun Young Hwa , Doo Gisu , Jung Gi Hong , Kim MinJoong , Cho Won‐Chul , Kim Chang‐Hee , Lee Hyuck Mo , Kim Hyun You , Lee Sechan , Henkelman Graeme , Cho Hyun‐Seok 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe development of highly active and durable Ir‐based electrocatalysts for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is challenging because of the corrosive anodic conditions. Herein, IrOx/Zr2ON2 electrocatalyst is demonstrated, employing Zr2ON2 as a support material, to overcome the trade‐off between the activity and stability in the OER. Zr2ON2 is selected due to its excellent electrical conductivity and chemical stability, and the fact that it induces strong interactions with IrOx catalysts. As a result, IrOx/Zr2ON2 electrocatalysts exhibit outstanding OER performances, reaching an overpotential of 255 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a mass activity of 849 mA mgIr−1 at 1.55 V (vs the reversible hydrogen electrode). The activity of IrOx/Zr2ON2 is maintained at 10 mA cm−2 for 5 h, while in contrast, IrOx/ZrN and an unsupported IrOx catalyst undergo drastic degradation. Combined experimental X‐ray analyses and theoretical interpretations reveal that the reduced oxidation state of Ir and the extended IrO bond distance in IrOx/Zr2ON2 effectively increase the activity and stability of IrOx by altering reaction pathway from a conventional adsorbate evolution mechanism to a lattice oxygen‐participating mechanism. These results demonstrate that it is possible to effectively reduce the Ir content in OER catalysts through interface engineering without sacrificing the catalytic performance.
Light‐Triggered Nitric Oxide Nanogenerator with Highl‐Arginine Loading for Synergistic Photodynamic/Gas/Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Shi Hui , Xiong Cheng‐Feng , Zhang Lin‐Jun , Cao Hu‐Chen , Wang Ru , Pan Pei , Guo Hai‐Yan , Liu Tao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe development of nanomedicines that combine photothermal therapy (PTT) with photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered promising for cancer treatment, but still faces the challenge of enhancing tumoricidal efficiency. Fortunately, apart from the well‐acknowledged effect on direct tumor cell‐killing, nitric oxide (NO) is also considered to be effective for the enhancement of both PTT and PDT. However, both the low loading efficiency of NO precursor and the short half‐life time and diffusion distance of NO hamper the synergistic therapeutic efficacy of NO. Taking the aforementioned factors into account, a mitochondria‐targeted nitric oxide nanogenerator, EArgFe@Ce6, is constructed to achieve high loading of the NO donorl‐Arginine (l‐Arg) for synergistic photodynamic/gas/photothermal therapy upon single 660 nm light irradiation. The coordination of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and ferric ions (Fe3+) provides EArgFe@Ce6 supreme photothermal capability to perform low‐temperature PTT (mPTT). EGCG endows EArgFe@Ce6 with mitochondria‐targeting capability and meanwhile favors hypoxia alleviation for enhanced PDT. The PDT‐produced massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) further catalyzesl‐Arg to generate a considerable amount of NO to perform gas therapy and sensitize both mPTT and PDT. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that the synergistic photodynamic/gas/photothermal therapy triggered by single 660 nm light irradiation is highly effective for tumor treatments.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture within Perfusion Bioreactors Incorporating 3D‐Printed Scaffolds Enables Improved Extracellular Vesicle Yield with Preserved Bioactivity
Authors: Kronstadt Stephanie M. , Patel Divya B. , Born Louis J. , Levy Daniel , Lerman Max J. , Mahadik Bhushan , McLoughlin Shannon T. , Fasuyi Arafat , Fowlkes Lauren , Van Heyningen Lauren Hoorens , Aranda Amaya , Abadchi Sanaz Nourmohammadi , Chang Kai‐Hua , Hsu Angela Ting Wei , Bengali Sameer , Harmon John W. , Fisher John P. , Jay Steven M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated as promising therapeutics and drug delivery vehicles in various diseases. However, successful clinical translation will depend on the development of scalable biomanufacturing approaches, especially due to the documented low levels of intrinsic EV‐associated cargo that may necessitate repeated doses to achieve clinical benefit in certain applications. Thus, here the effects of a 3D‐printed scaffold‐perfusion bioreactor system are assessed on the production and bioactivity of EVs secreted from bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a cell type widely implicated in generating EVs with therapeutic potential. The results indicate that perfusion bioreactor culture induces an ≈40‐80‐fold increase (depending on measurement method) in MSC EV production compared to conventional cell culture. Additionally, MSC EVs generated using the perfusion bioreactor system significantly improve wound healing in a diabetic mouse model, with increased CD31+ staining in wound bed tissue compared to animals treated with flask cell culture‐generated MSC EVs. Overall, this study establishes a promising solution to a major EV translational bottleneck, with the capacity for tunability for specific applications and general improvement alongside advancements in 3D‐printing technologies.
Multifunctional Conjugated Molecular Additives for Highly Efficient Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Jang Chung Hyeon , Kim Ye In , Harit Amit Kumar , Ha Jung Min , Park Sejeong , Noh Young Wook , Lee Ah‐young , Kim Kyeong Su , Jung Jae Woong , Woo Han Young , Song Myoung Hoon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFurther optimization of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) is impeded by crystal deformation caused by residual stress and defect formation with subsequent non‐radiative recombination. Molecular additives for defect passivation are widely studied; however, the majority have insulating properties that hinder charge injection and transport. Herein, highly efficient green‐emitting PeLEDs are reported by introducing semiconducting molecular additives (Fl‐OEGA and Fl‐C8A). Transmission electron microscopy shows that conjugated additives exist primarily at the grain boundaries of perovskite, and Kelvin probe force microscopy confirms that the variation in contact potential difference between grain boundaries and perovskite crystal domains is significantly reduced. The residual tensile stress is reduced by 13% and the activation energy for ion migration increases in the Fl‐OEGA‐treated perovskite film, compared to those of the film without additives. Compared to insulating 2,2′‐(ethylenedioxy)diethylamine (EDEA), the introduction of semiconducting additives prevents a significant reduction in the charge‐transport capability. Furthermore, the PeLEDs with Fl‐OEGA show a negligible shift in the turn‐on voltage and a significantly smaller decrease in the current density with increasing Fl‐OEGA compared to the devices with EDEA. Finally, the 3D CsPbBr3–PeLEDs show the highest external quantum efficiency of 21.3% by the incorporation of semiconducting Fl‐OEGA as a new multifunctional additive.
Heterosynaptic MoS2 Memtransistors Emulating Biological Neuromodulation for Energy‐Efficient Neuromorphic Electronics
Authors: Huh Woong , Lee Donghun , Jang Seonghoon , Kang Jung Hoon , Yoon Tae Hyun , So Jae‐Pil , Kim Yeon Ho , Kim Jong Chan , Park Hong‐Gyu , Jeong Hu Young , Wang Gunuk , Lee Chul‐Ho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeterosynaptic neuromodulation is a key enabler for energy‐efficient and high‐level biological neural processing. However, such manifold synaptic modulation cannot be emulated using conventional memristors and synaptic transistors. Thus, reported herein is a three‐terminal heterosynaptic memtransistor using an intentional‐defect‐generated molybdenum disulfide channel. Particularly, the defect‐mediated space‐charge‐limited conduction in the ultrathin channel results in memristive switching characteristics between the source and drain terminals, which are further modulated using a gate terminal according to the gate‐tuned filling of trap states. The device acts as an artificial synapse controlled by sub‐femtojoule impulses from both the source and gate terminals, consuming lower energy than its biological counterpart. In particular, electrostatic gate modulation, corresponding to biological neuromodulation, additionally regulates the dynamic range and tuning rate of the synaptic weight, independent of the programming (source) impulses. Notably, this heterosynaptic modulation not only improves the learning accuracy and efficiency but also reduces energy consumption in the pattern recognition. Thus, the study presents a new route leading toward the realization of highly networked and energy‐efficient neuromorphic electronics.
Bridging Synthesis and Controllable Doping of Monolayer 4 in. Length Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenides Single Crystals with High Electron Mobility
Authors: Li Hui , Yang Junbo , Li Xiaohui , Luo Quankun , Cheng Mo , Feng Wang , Du Ruofan , Wang Yuzhu , Song Luying , Wen Xia , Wen Yao , Xiao Mengmeng , Liao Lei , Zhang Yanfeng , Shi Jianping , He Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEpitaxial growth and controllable doping of wafer‐scale atomically thin semiconductor single crystals are two central tasks to tackle the scaling challenge of transistors. Despite considerable efforts are devoted, addressing such crucial issues simultaneously under 2D confinement is yet to be realized. Here, an ingenious strategy to synthesize record‐breaking 4 in. length Fe‐doped transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) single crystals on industry‐compatible c‐plane sapphire without special miscut angle is designed. Atomically thin transistors with high electron mobility (≈146 cm2 V−1 s−1) and remarkable on/off current ratio (≈109) are fabricated based on 4 in. length Fe‐MoS2 single crystals, due to the ultralow contact resistance (≈489 Ω µm). In‐depth characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the introduction of Fe significantly decreases the formation energy of parallel steps on sapphire surfaces and contributes to the edge‐nucleation of unidirectional alignment TMDCs domains (>99%). This work represents a substantial leap in terms of bridging synthesis and doping of wafer‐scale 2D semiconductor single crystals, which should promote the further device downscaling and extension of Moore's law.
Vertical Array of Graphite Oxide Liquid Crystal by Microwire Shearing for Highly Thermally Conductive Composites
Authors: Cao Min , Li Zheng , Lu Jiahao , Wang Bo , Lai Haiwen , Li Zeshen , Gao Yue , Ming Xin , Luo Shiyu , Peng Li , Xu Zhen , Liu Senping , Liu Yingjun , Gao Chao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExcellent through‐plane thermally conductive composites are highly demanded for efficient heat dissipation. Giant sheets have large crystalline domain and significantly reduce interface phonon scattering, making them promising to build highly thermally conductive composites. However, realizing vertical orientation of giant sheets remains challenging due to their enormous mass and huge hydrodynamic drag force. Here, we achieve highly vertically ordered liquid crystals of giant graphite oxide (more than 100 µm in lateral dimension) by microwire shearing, which endows the composite with a recorded through‐plane thermal conductivity of 94 W m−1 K−1. Microscale shearing fields induced by vertical motion of microwires conquer huge hydrodynamic energy barrier and vertically reorient giant sheets. The resulting liquid crystals exhibit extremely retarded relaxation and impart large‐scale vertical array with bidirectional ordering degree as high as 0.82. The graphite array‐based composites demonstrate an ultrahigh thermal enhancement efficiency of over 35 times per unit volume. Furthermore, the composites improve cooling efficiency by 93% for thermal management tests compared to commercial thermal interface materials. This work offers a novel methodology to precisely manipulate the orientation of giant particles and promote large‐scale fabrication of vertical array with advanced functionalities.
Amorphous Germanium Nanomaterials as High‐Performance Anode for Lithium and Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Chao , Jiang Yiming , Meng Chao , Liu Xiaocun , Li Bo , Xia Shengqing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAmorphous germanium (a‐Ge) is a promising anode material for lithium and sodium‐ion batteries (LIBs and SIBs) due to its higher capacity than traditional graphite materials. Herein, a method to prepare the a‐Ge nano‐materials with a particle size ≈10 nm is proposed by decomposing the CaGe Zintl phase at room temperature. For LIBs, a‐Ge has a high‐capacity retention of 80% even after 180 cycles (1375 mAh g−1). When employed as the anode for SIBs, two‐dimensional composites with the a‐Ge supported on the graphite nanosheets (a‐Ge@GNS) is configured, and a high reversible capacity of 526 mAh g−1 after 120 cycles is achieved. The preparation of such high‐performance amorphous Ge nanomaterials demonstrated in this work is low‐cost and environmentally‐friendly, and compared with other methods it is especially suitable for scaling‐up or mass production.
Visible and Near‐Infrared Dynamic Electrochromic Modulation With the Plasmon‐Enhanced Two‐Dimensional Ordered Macroporous Au/PProDot‐Me2 Thin Film
Authors: Wu Qiyan , Wang Junxin , Yang Xinyue , Tong Zhangfa , Ji Hongbing , Qu Hui‐Ying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLocalized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is attractive to fabricate visible (VIS) and near‐infrared (NIR) dual‐band electrochromic materials. However, the introduction of the LSPR effect in the available dual‐band electrochromic materials can only be manifested to the spectral enhancement in the NIR region, and difficult issues of electrochromic materials such as low coloration efficiency and unsatisfactory long‐term cycling durability still remain. Here, a dual‐band electrochromic thin film consisting of a 2D ordered macroporous (2DOM) Au LSPR layer and a poly(3,4‐(2,2‐dimethylpropylenedioxy)thiophene) (PProDot‐Me2) electrochromic layer is presented, where LSPR and electrochromism interact in a complementary fashion. The 2DOM Au exhibits LSPR effect at wavelengths of 550 and 1700 nm, leading to a unique electrochromic performance improvement of the film in both of the VIS and NIR spectral regions. Large optical modulation, rapid switching speed, high coloration efficiency, and long‐term durability are achieved due to the collective effect of the near‐field enhancement of the 2DOM Au and the reduced bandgap of PProDot‐Me2. These advantages can be well retained in the dual‐band electrochromic device using the 2DOM Au/PProDot‐Me2 films as the electrochromic layers. This work provides new ideas for designing LSPR‐based devices, especially dual‐band electrochromic materials and devices, both experimentally and theoretically.