bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic properties of lipoxygenase extracted from nine different Italian olive varieties (Olea europaea L.)
Authors: Liburdi Katia , Fabrizi Chiara , Esti Marco 
Published: June 2023

SummaryLipoxygenases (linoleate oxygen oxidoreductase, LOX, EC 1.13.11.12) are a class of dioxygenases found abundantly in the plant kingdom, which catalyse the oxygenation reaction of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Considering the capacity of LOX to define the distinctive and refined “green” fruity aroma of virgin olive oil (VOO), the biochemical study was conducted to characterise lipoxygenase in pulp and stone of nine Italian varieties of Olea europaea [Canino, Carboncella, Frantoio, Itrana, Leccino, Maurino, Moraiolo, Rosciola and Sirole]. The crude extracts were analysed to determine the kinetic parameters (Vmax, KM and Vmax/KM) and their optimum pH and temperature. The measurement of the catalytic activity of the LOX extracted from pulp and stones revealed the highly efficient catalytic activity of all the pulp samples from most of the analysed cultivars. Moreover, the kinetic analyses conducted on all olive samples revealed that the Frantoio pulp provided the best performance in terms of LOX activity. All crude extracts showed the highest oxidase activity at pH 6, while the values relating to the optimal temperature were obtained at 50 °C. The results provide valuable insight into optimising the VOO extraction process, particularly the kinetic parameters that could be useful tools to modulate the malaxation process.
Immunophenotype distinctions of CEBPA mutation subtypes in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Liu Qiaoxue , Qi Ling , Yang Miao , Zhang Xue , Li Fei , Wei Hui , Wang Jianxiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with CEBPA double mutation (CEBPAdm) were associated with distinct immunophenotypes and prognosis. Recently, both International Consensus Classification (ICC) and World Health Organization (WHO) classifications incorporated BZIP single mutations (CEBPAsmBZIP) into the favorable risk group. However, the immunophenotypes of CEBPAsmBZIP mutations have not been characterized, especially when compared with the immunophenotypes of CEBPAdm.MethodsRetrospectively, we investigated and compared the immunophenotypes of AML with CEBPA mutations. Randomforest model and XGBoost algorithm were used to set up a scoring system based on the immunophenotypes of those patients.ResultsIn a total of 967 AML patients: 218 were CEBPAdm (198 consisted of mutations in the BZIP region [CEBPAdmBZIP], 20 were double mutations outside BZIP region [CEBPAdm‐woBZIP]), 117 were CEBPAsm (54 CEBPAsmBZIP and 63 were single mutations outside BZIP region [CEBPAsm‐woBZIP]) and the others were wildtype CEBPA (CEBPAwt). Patients with CEBPAdmBZIP, CEBPAdm‐woBZIP and CEBPAsmBZIP shared the distinct immunophenotype of CD7+ CD34+ MPO+ HLA‐DR+ CD19−, in contrast to patients with CEBPAsm‐woBZIP and CEBPAwt who showed reduced expression of CD7, HLA‐DR, MPO, CD34 and a higher expression of CD19. Based on these immunophenotypes, we developed a scoring system to preemptively identify AML with CEBPAsmBZIP and CEBPAdm and validated it internally and externally.ConclusionsAML with CEBPAdmBZIP, CEBPAdm‐woBZIP, and CEBPAsmBZIP shared similar immunophenotypic profiles, whereas profoundly differed from the CEBPAsm‐woBZIP and CEBPAwt AML.
Unveiling the impact of GOLM1/GP73 on cytokine production in cancer and infectious disease
Authors: Frans Myrthe T , Kuipers Ella M , Bianchi Frans , van den Bogaart Geert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Golgi membrane protein GOLM1/GP73/GOLPH2 has been found to impact cytokine production in both infectious disease and cancer. In viral infections, GOLM1 levels are increased, and this lowers the production of type I interferons and other inflammatory cytokines. However, elevated GOLM1 expression levels due to mutations are linked to a higher production of interleukin (IL)‐6 during Candida infections, potentially explaining an increased susceptibility to candidemia in individuals carrying these mutations. In cancer, the protease Furin produces a soluble form of GOLM1 that has oncogenic properties by promoting the production of the chemokine CCL2 and suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐12 and interferon gamma. This review will focus on the role of GOLM1 in cytokine production, highlighting how it can both promote and inhibit cytokine production. It is crucial to understand this in order to effectively target GOLM1 for therapeutic purposes in diseases associated with abnormal cytokine production, including cancer and infectious disease.
Densification kinetics and sintering behavior of UO2 and 0.5 wt.%MnO‐doped UO2
Authors: Zhong Yi , Wang Yun , Yang Zhenliang , Li Bingqing , Xu Jingkun , Wang Zhiyi , Xie Liang , Duan Limei , Hu Fengyun , Chu Mingfu , Gao Rui , Zhang Pengcheng , Bai Bin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, the sintering kinetics of pure UO2 and 0.5 wt.%MnO‐doped UO2 was studied by a high‐temperature dilatometer heated up to 1500°C. In addition, the sintering behavior of pure UO2 and 0.5 wt.%MnO‐doped UO2 was studied by pressureless sintering technique. The results showed that MnO doping enhanced the grain boundary diffusion of UO2, which can effectively decrease the densification temperature and promote grain growth. The sintering temperature of UO2 was significantly reduced by about 200°C with the addition of 0.5 wt.%MnO. The microscopic morphology studies showed that there were still fine particles agglomerated, forming sintered spheres in the matrix even if no severe agglomeration and bimodal size distribution were observed in raw UO2 powder. The microstructure evolution of the sintered sphere and UO2 matrix during the densification process was studied by isothermal sintering. Finally, the present analyses indicated that the densification of UO2 matrix can be accelerated by adding MnO or increasing the sintering temperature, thus improving the densification inhomogeneity of UO2 matrix.
Prognostic implications of left ventricular hypertrophy defined by the thresholds from the international and Chinese guidelines
Authors: Zhou Dan , Yan Mengqi , Cai Anping , Xie Qiu , Cheng Qi , Tang Songtao , Feng Yingqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo compare the predictive value of mortality between left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) defined by Chinese thresholds and defined by international guidelines in hypertension individuals and investigate better indexation methods for LVH in Chinese population. We included 2454 community hypertensive patients with Left ventricular mass (LVM) and relative wall thickness. LVM was indexed to body surface area (BSA), height2 7 and height 1 7. The outcomes were all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality. Cox proportional hazards models were used to explore the association between LVH and the outcomes. C‐statistics and time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the value of those indicators. During a median follow‐up of 49 months (interquartile range 2–54 months), 174 participants (7.1%) died from any cause (n = 174), with 71 died of cardiovascular disease. LVM/BSA defined by the Chinese thresholds was significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.63; 95%CI: 1.00‐2.64). LVM/BSA was significantly associated with all‐cause mortality using Chinese thresholds (HR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.14‐2.14) and using Guideline thresholds (HR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.08‐2.15). LVM/Height1.7 was significantly associated with all‐cause mortality using Chinese thresholds (HR: 1.60; 95%CI: 1.17‐2.20) and using Guideline thresholds (HR: 1.54; 95%CI: 1.04‐2.27). LVM/Height2.7 was not significantly associated with all‐cause mortality. C‐statistics indicated that LVM/BSA and LVM/Height1.7 by Chinese thresholds had better predictive ability for mortality. Time‐ROC indicated that only LVM/Height1.7 defined by Chinese threshold had incremental value for predicting mortality. We found that in community hypertensive populations, race‐specific thresholds should be used to classify LV hypertrophy related to mortality risk stratification. LVM/BSA and LVM/Height1.7 are acceptable normalization method in Chinese hypertension.
Effects of selective cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor robenacoxib on primary cells derived from feline injection‐site sarcoma
Authors: Lu Chen‐Hui , Yu Shu‐Han , Wu Ching‐Ho , Yeh Jason Lih‐Seng , Chang Hui‐Wen , Jeng Chian‐Ren , Chang Yen‐Chen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFeline injection‐site sarcomas (FISSs) are highly invasive malignant mesenchymal neoplasms that arise from injection sites in cats. Although the tumorigenesis of FISSs is still uncertain, there is a consensus that FISS is associated with chronic inflammation caused by irritation of injection‐related trauma and foreign chemical substances. Chronic inflammation can provide a proper microenvironment for tumour development, which has been known as one of the risk factors of tumorigenesis in many tumours. To investigate the tumorigenesis of FISS and screen for its potential therapeutic targets, cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), an inflammation‐enhancing enzyme, was selected as a target for this study. In vitro experiments using FISS‐ and normal tissue‐derived primary cells and robenacoxib, a highly selective COX‐2 inhibitor, were performed. The results demonstrated that expression of COX‐2 could be detected in formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded FISS tissues and FISS‐derived primary cells. Cell viability, migration and colony formation of FISS‐derived primary cells were inhibited, and cell apoptosis was enhanced by robenacoxib in a dose‐dependent manner. However, susceptibility to robenacoxib varied in different lines of FISS primary cells and was not completely correlated with COX‐2 expression. Our results suggest that COX‐2 inhibitors could be potential adjuvant therapeutics against FISSs.
Clinical evidence of the efficacy and safety of a new multi‐peptide anti‐aging topical eye serum
Authors: Li Fengzhu , Chen Haowei , Chen Dongxiao , Zhang Bingjie , Shi Qingying , He Xihong , Zhao Huabing , Wang Fang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin aging is a complex multifactorial progressive process. With age, intrinsic and extrinsic factors cause the loss of skin elasticity, with the formation of wrinkles, resulting in skin sagging through various pathways. A combination of multiple bioactive peptides could be used as a treatment for skin wrinkles and sagging.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the cosmetic efficacy of a multi‐peptide eye serum as a daily skin‐care product for improving the periocular skin of women within the ages of 20–45 years.MethodsThe stratum corneum skin hydration and skin elasticity were assessed using a Corneometer CM825 and Skin Elastometer MPA580, respectively. The PRIMOS CR technique based on digital strip projection technology was used for skin image and wrinkle analysis around the “crow's feet” area. Self‐assessment questionnaires were filled on Day 14 and 28 of product use.ResultsThis study included 32 subjects with an average age of 28.5 years. On Day 28, there was a significant decrease in the number, depth, and volume of wrinkles. Skin hydration, elasticity, and firmness increased continuously during the study period, consistent with typical anti‐aging claims. A majority of the participants (75.00%) expressed overall satisfaction with their skin appearance after using the product. Most participants noted a visible skin improvement, with an increase in skin elasticity and smoothness, and confirmed the extensibility, applicability, and temperance of the product. No adverse reactions related to product use were observed.ConclusionsThe multi‐peptide eye serum uses a multi‐targeted mechanism against skin aging to improve the skin appearance, making it an ideal choice for daily skincare.
Formulation, characterization of Quercus infectoria (Olivier) emulsions, and in vitro, in vivo evaluation as cosmeceutical formulation
Authors: Choudhry Ammara , Akhtar Naveed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPharmacological properties of Quercus infectoria Olivier (galls) have been determined to be astringent, antidiabetic, antipyretic, anti‐tremor, local anesthetic, and anti‐parkinsonism. The galls of Quercus infectoria have been used for millennia in traditional oriental medicine in Asian nations to treat inflammatory illnesses.AimsThe study's objective was to create a Quercus infectoria Olivier gall extract in stable water in oil (w/o) emulsion and to check its effects on the mechanical properties of skin and antiaging effects.MethodThe galls were macerated in absolute methanol. Quercus infectoria Olivier gall extract's antioxidant property was evaluated using the 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) technique. Stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, KOH, glycerin, and distilled water were used to create the emulsion. The test (with extract) and control (without extract) emulsions were made, respectively, using the same process. Stability tests (color, liquefaction, microscopy, phase separation, and pH) are performed in in vitro, lasted 72 days at four distinct storage temperatures that is 8°C, 25°C, 40°C, and 40°C + 75% RH for both the control and test formulations. By using spectrophotometry, the (SPF) sun protection factors of the two formulations were calculated at various concentrations. Extract from Quercus infectoria underwent phytochemical investigation as well.ResultsThe results showed that Quercus infectoria Olivier has antioxidant and (SPF) sun protection properties, reduce sebum, increases elasticity and stable emulsion containing 04% Quercus infectoria gall extract which might be used as topical antiaging formulation.
Is burning mouth syndrome associated with stress? A meta‐analysis
Authors: Porporatti André Luís , Schroder Ângela Graciela Deliga , Lebel Ashley , Moreau Nathan , Misery Laurent , Alajbeg Ivan , Braud Adeline , Boucher Yves 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSome studies have shown burning mouth syndrome (BMS) as comorbid psychosocial and psychiatric disorders, and as well, pointed at stress as a major risk factor.ObjectiveThe aim of this meta‐analysis was to answer the following question: ‘Is there an association between BMS and stress, compared to healthy controls?’MethodsTwo reviewers searched for the effect of stress in BMS and published on five main databases and three from the grey literature. Various questionnaires and biomarkers were analysed. Of the 2489 selected articles, 30 met the inclusion criteria. Studies englobed questionnaires, such as Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Lipp Stress Symptoms Inventory, Holmes‐Rahe scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS‐21), Recent Experience Test; and various biomarkers, such as cortisol, opiorphin, IgA, α‐amylase and interleukins.ResultsIn all studies with questionnaires, stress was significantly increased in the BMS group vs. control. Patients with BMS presented 25.73% higher cortisol levels, 28.17% higher IgA levels and 40.62% higher α‐amylase levels than controls. Meta‐analysis found that BMS subjects presented 3.01 nmoL/L [0.53; 5.50] higher cortisol levels, 84.35 kU/L [15.00; 153.71] higher α‐amylase levels, 29.25 mg/mL [9.86; 48.64] higher IgA levels and 258.59 pg/mL [59.24; 457.94] higher IL‐8 levels than control. No differences were found for opiorphin concentration in ng/mL [−0.96; 2.53]. For interleukins, no differences were founded for IL‐1 β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10 and TNF‐α.ConclusionBased on the available evidence, this meta‐analysis suggests more stress factors in questionnaire‐based studies, and higher levels of cortisol, α‐amylase, IgA and IL‐8 biomarkers in BMS subjects than controls.
Critical roles of PU.1/cathepsin S activation in regulating inflammatory responses of macrophages in periodontitis
Authors: Zhang Kaige , Wang Sijian , Wang Zihan , Jiang Yiming , Huang Minghao , Liu Nanqi , Wang Biao , Meng Xin , Wu Zhou , Yan Xu , Zhang Xinwen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the critical roles of PU.1/cathepsin S activation in regulating inflammatory responses of macrophages during periodontitis.BackgroundCathepsin S (CatS) is a cysteine protease and exerts important roles in the immune response. Elevated CatS has been found in the gingival tissues of periodontitis patients and is involved in alveolar bone destruction. However, the underlying mechanism of CatS‐driven IL‐6 production in periodontitis remains unclear.MethodsWestern blot was applied to measure mature cathepsin S(mCatS) and IL‐6 expression in gingival tissues from periodontitis patients and RAW264.7 cells exposed to lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g. LPS). Immunofluorescence was applied to confirm the localization of PU.1, and CatS in the gingival tissues of periodontitis patients. ELISA was performed to determine IL‐6 production by the P.g. LPS‐exposed RAW264.7 cells. Knockdown by shRNA was used to determine the effects of PU.1 on p38/ nuclear factor (NF)‐κB activation, mCatS expression and IL‐6 production in RAW264.7 cells.ResultsThe expressions mCatS and IL‐6 were significantly upregulated in gingival macrophages. In cultured RAW264.7 cells, increased mCatS and IL‐6 protein paralleled the activation of p38 and NF‐κB after exposure to P.g. LPS. CatS knockdown by shRNA significantly decreased P.g. LPS‐induced IL‐6 expression and p38/NF‐κB activation. PU.1 was significantly increased in P.g. LPS‐exposed RAW264.7 cells, and PU.1 knockdown dramatically abolished the P.g. LPS‐induced upregulation of mCatS and IL‐6 and the activation of p38 and NF‐κB. Furthermore, PU.1 and CatS colocalized in macrophages within the gingival tissues of periodontitis patients.ConclusionPU.1‐dependent CatS drives IL‐6 production in macrophages by activating p38 and NF‐κB in periodontitis.
Calibrating insect age at eclosion by size in a gregarious carrion beetle Thanatophilus sinuatus (Staphylinidae: Silphinae)
Authors: Lis Natalia , Szyk Wojciech , Mądra‐Bielewicz Anna , Matuszewski Szymon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent discoveries have shown that the physiological age at eclosion of forensically useful beetles differs between males and females and between beetles of various sizes. Accordingly, it was postulated that the size and sex of the beetles at eclosion may be used to calibrate their age, which may improve the accuracy of age (and post‐mortem interval) estimates in forensic entomology. In this study, we derived thermal summation models for the eclosion for the Central European population of carrion beetles Thanatophilus sinuatus (Fabricius, 1775), (Staphylinidae: Silphinae), and tested the usefulness of sex and size for the calibration of beetle age at eclosion. Although in previous developmental studies, the beetles were reared individually, we reared them in larval aggregations, since in natural conditions T. sinuatus beetles are gregarious. Weak (r2 between 5% and 13%) negative correlations were observed between the size and age of T. sinuatus males or females at eclosion, demonstrating that calibration of age by beetle size and sex may bring only minimal benefits regarding the accuracy of age estimation in this species. However, it may still be worthwhile in the case of extremely large or small beetles. Moreover, the total development times recorded in this study were much shorter than in the previous T. sinuatus study, at 14°C by about 15 days and at 26°C by about 2 days. These differences emphasise the importance of gregariousness for the development of carrion beetles, and at the same time highlight the need for the ecologically‐relevant protocols of development studies in forensic entomology.
Plecanatide for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: Post hoc analyses of placebo‐controlled trials in adults with severe constipation
Authors: Cash Brooks D. , Sharma Amol , Walker Anna , Laitman Adam P. , Chang Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS‐C) often experience severe symptoms. The current aim was to evaluate plecanatide in adults with CIC or IBS‐C with severe constipation.MethodsData were analyzed post hoc from randomized, placebo‐controlled trials (CIC [n = 2], IBS‐C [n = 2]) of plecanatide 3 mg, 6 mg, or placebo administered for 12 weeks. Severe constipation was defined as no complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) and an average straining score ≥3.0 (CIC; 5‐point scale) or ≥8.0 (IBS‐C; 11‐point scale) during a 2‐week screening. Primary efficacy endpoints were durable overall CSBM responders (CIC: ≥3 CSBMs/week, plus increase from baseline of ≥1 CSBM/week, for ≥9 of 12 weeks, including ≥3 of the last 4 weeks) and overall responders (IBS‐C: ≥30% reduction from baseline in abdominal pain and ≥1 CSBM/week increase for ≥6 of 12 weeks).Key ResultsSevere constipation was observed in 24.5% (646/2639) and 24.2% (527/2176) of CIC and IBS‐C populations, respectively. The CIC durable overall CSBM response rate (plecanatide 3 mg, 20.9%; plecanatide 6 mg, 20.2%; placebo, 11.3%) and IBS‐C overall response rate (plecanatide 3 mg, 33.0%; plecanatide 6 mg, 31.0%; placebo, 19.0%) were significantly greater with plecanatide versus placebo (p ≤ 0.01 for all). Median time to first CSBM in CIC and IBS‐C populations were significantly shorter with plecanatide 3 mg versus placebo (p = 0.01 for both).Conclusions and InferencesPlecanatide was effective in the treatment of severe constipation in adults with CIC or IBS‐C.
Africa as an evolutionary arena for large fruits
Authors: Wölke Friederike J. R. , Cabral Andressa , Lim Jun Ying , Kissling W. Daniel , Onstein Renske E. 
Published: June 2023

Summary

Strong paleoclimatic change and few Late Quaternary megafauna extinctions make mainland Africa unique among continents. Here, we hypothesize that, compared with elsewhere, these conditions created the ecological opportunity for the macroevolution and geographic distribution of large fruits.

We assembled global phylogenetic, distribution and fruit size data for palms (Arecaceae), a pantropical, vertebrate‐dispersed family with > 2600 species, and integrated these with data on extinction‐driven body size reduction in mammalian frugivore assemblages since the Late Quaternary. We applied evolutionary trait, linear and null models to identify the selective pressures that have shaped fruit sizes.

We show that African palm lineages have evolved towards larger fruit sizes and exhibited faster trait evolutionary rates than lineages elsewhere. Furthermore, the global distribution of the largest palm fruits across species assemblages was explained by occurrence in Africa, especially under low canopies, and extant megafauna, but not by mammalian downsizing. These patterns strongly deviated from expectations under a null model of stochastic (Brownian motion) evolution.

Our results suggest that Africa provided a distinct evolutionary arena for palm fruit size evolution. We argue that megafaunal abundance and the expansion of savanna habitat since the Miocene provided selective advantages for the persistence of African plants with large fruits.