bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome
Authors: Babu Juhi Suresh , Vishnuvardhan G. , Malyam Vidhyavathi , Shankar Harish Korenahalli 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a reversible neurotoxic condition with an unknown pathophysiology, characterized by distinctive radiological findings such as focal regions of hemispheric edema, primarily in the parietal and occipital lobes. The common triggering factors for PRES include renal failure, eclampsia, exposure to immunosuppressive or cytotoxic agents, and autoimmune disorders. Clinically, it presents with neurological symptoms including seizures, headaches, and confusion. Long-term psychiatric symptoms are rare in PRES, and there is limited literature on psychiatric sequelae associated with this syndrome. A 20-year-old female with PRES postdelivery presented to the psychiatry outpatient department with depressive symptoms. Despite symptomatic management and neurological improvement, her depressive symptoms persisted, evidenced by a HAM-D score of 22, leading to a diagnosis of a moderate depressive episode secondary to PRES. The patient showed improvement after treatment with 10 mg of escitalopram and clonazepam 0.25 mg in tapering doses. This case highlights the potential for long-term psychiatric sequelae in PRES, a condition primarily known for its neurological manifestations. It underscores the importance of awareness among treating physicians and psychiatrists regarding the possibility of persistent psychiatric morbidity, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and intervention.
Deciphering Inflammasome Mechanisms in Periodontal Diseases: A Review
Authors: Sharma Himani , Sharma Anamika , Tripathi Umang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inflammasomes are complex multimeric protein molecules that play a central role in orchestrating the inflammatory response within periodontal tissues. These structures, primarily located in immune cells like macrophages and dendritic cells, become activated when exposed to microbial pathogens which are commonly found in dental plaque. Inflammasomes, crucial regulators of inflammation, play a significant role in periodontal diseases. Activation of inflammasomes, particularly NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3, triggers the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, exacerbating tissue destruction in the periodontium. The aim of this review is to comprehensively explore the role of inflammasomes in periodontology, elucidating their involvement in periodontal diseases, discussing the mechanisms of inflammasome activation, and evaluating their potential as therapeutic targets. A comprehensive search was conducted across three databases, namely PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar, focusing on the role of inflammasomes in periodontology: Various search terms including inflammasome, periodontitis, inflammation, oral health, and related keywords were employed to identify relevant studies.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of severe gastric laceration with active bleeding: A case report
Authors: Chen Jie-Li , Zhi Hui-Xin , Pan Jun-Yu , Chen Ze-Han , Huang Jia-Lan , Yao Jun 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic therapy is the primary approach for treating Mallory-Weiss syndrome, particularly under conditions of mucosal protection and gastric acid suppression. However, for a subset of patients who cannot undergo endoscopic intervention or for whom such treatment proves ineffective, alternative measures like arterial embolization or surgical intervention may be required. While hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been applied across a range of medical conditions, its application in managing hemorrhage due to gastric tears remains undocumented.
CASE SUMMARY
A 52-year-old patient was admitted with symptoms of hematemesis and melena, and an endoscopy revealed a gastric fundus tear approximately 4 cm × 5 cm in size. The lesion was considered unsuitable for endoscopic repair by the attending endoscopist. Despite conservative measures, including fasting and acid suppression, the patient experienced persistent bleeding and a substantial decrease in hemoglobin levels relative to admission values. Following a multidisciplinary consultation, HBOT was initiated, resulting in the cessation of bleeding and rapid wound healing.
CONCLUSION
For patients with gastric tears presenting with active hemorrhage, HBOT might offer an effective alternative when conventional endoscopic therapies are not viable or have been unsuccessful.
Evaluation of genetic diversity in agronomic traits among dual-purpose cowpea genotypes in Kenya
Authors: Kariuki J.K. , Githiri S.M. , Mamati G.E. , Wainaina C.M. 
Published: January 2025

Availability of diverse genetic materials is central in any plant breeding programme. Genetic diversity is important in ensuring survival of a species; and buffering of crops from climate change effects through crop improvement programmes. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity among a panel of dual purpose cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) genotypes to inform crop breeding programmes in Kenya. The study was conducted at the Jomo Kenyata University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Demonstration Farm in Kenya; during four cropping seasons (2021-2022). A total of 224 dual-purpose cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) genotypes were evaluated using an alpha lattice design with two replications. Data were recorded on agronomic traits, and were subsequently subjected to correlation and principal component analysis (PCA), biplot and hierarchical cluster analyses. Total grain yields positively correlated (P<0.05) with grain yield per row and pods plant-1. Principal component analysis dissected total variation into three components, namely PC1, PC2 and PC3. The first three PCs (with eigenvalues >1), accounted for 71.6% of the total variability among the accessions. PCA and Bi-plots showed that pods plant-1, grain yield plant-1 and per row were the best (farthest from the origin indicating largest divulgence) agronomic traits for selection towards improvement of Kenyan dual- purpose cowpea genotypes. The dendrogram also grouped the genotypes into three clusters, namely I (101), II (53) and III (70). There was congruence between the PC and hierarchical cluster in grouping the accessions, based on the Euclidean distance; with the highest values to be used for genetic improvement. The genotypic and phenotypic differences among the accessions could be leveraged as a basis for genetic improvement, through selection and crossing of parents with desired phenotypic traits in future breeding programmes.
Can international buyer-supplier relational attributes influence the intention to source from local suppliers? A case study of International Oil Companies in Tanzania
Authors: Juma Hemed 
Published: January 2025

This study explores whether International Oil Companies (IOC) intending to source their non-consultancy services from local providers are affected by their respective strategic relationships with international service providers. International Oil Companies (IOC) exploring oil and gas in Tanzania were used as a case study to represent the group of buyers. This study adopted Industrial Marketing and Purchasing perspectives (IMP) on buyer-supplier relationships, where the structural and functional attributes of buyer-supplier relationships were examined. Structural Attributes include continuity, complexity, interdependence, and trust, while Process Attributes include adaptation, conflict, cooperation, socialisation, and formalisation. Buyers’ intention to source from local suppliers was measured by four dimensions: presence of sourcing policy from local suppliers, presence of activities for creating awareness among local suppliers about supply opportunities, presence of relaxed evaluation criteria, and payment scheme that favours local suppliers and establishes a central unit for coordinating all activities intended to facilitate sourcing from local suppliers. A survey design was used, whereby primary data were collected from 189 employees working at middle- and top-level positions in oil and gas companies. Data analysis involved examining descriptive statistics for respondents’ attributes and inferential statistical analysis, where relationships between the study variables were examined. The findings show that, given the new market constraints and without any forceful inducement, OICs will consider sourcing from local suppliers despite the ongoing strategic relationship with international suppliers. Therefore, host countries should focus on developing the competence of local suppliers to meet IOCs’ expectations.
Genital mycoplasmas and gynaecologic cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Ezeanya-Bakpa C.C. , Agbakoba N.R. , Udeogu C.V. , Uduchi I.O. , Oguejiofor C.B. , Ekelozie I.S. 
Published: January 2025

Studies on genital mycoplasmas (GM) role in gynaecologic cancers (GC) such as cervical, endometrial, ovarian, vaginal, vulva and fallopian tube, is limited. This review was conducted to evaluate an association between GM and GC. The systematic study was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines across online databases including Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to August, 2022. We included crosssectional and case-control studies examining possible connection of GM infection and development of GC, and all evidence-based studies with likely association between GM infection and incidence of GC were studied. Selection criteria aided identification, screening, and risk of bias assessment. Thirteen studies with at least moderate risk of bias, were included. The most commonly associated GMs was Mycoplasma genitalium followed by Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis. Studies reported disease advancement with GMs most especially in cases of co-infection. The most associated GCs were cervical, ovarian and endometrial. Infection with U. urealyticum, M. hominis, and M. genitalium was associated with cervical cancer risk (OR 1.31-1.41), and M. hominis and M. genitalium had associated risk with ovarian (RR 0.93-1.92) and endometrial cancer (OR 1.36- 2.07). No association was found with vaginal, vulva and fallopian tube cancers.
A review of the legal and ethical perspectives in HIV/AIDS management in Nigeria
Authors: Obaro H.K. , Suleiman B.A. , Ajide O.B. , Aminu B.T. , Okonta N.E. , Ojo O.S. , Olatoke S.O. 
Published: January 2025

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) remain major public health issues in Nigeria and other developing countries. Discrimination even among healthcare workers (HCWs), which includes poor service delivery at the point-of-care and human rights abuses, are the main factors that continue to hinder HIV eradication in developing countries, and these spread across all levels of HIV/AIDS services, from counseling and testing, to treatment and care. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have continued to suffer from unethical conduct, human rights abuses, discrimination, and stigmatization from HCWs, employers of labor, educational institutions, religious houses, and the public. There exist Federal and some State laws that protect the rights and privileges of PLWHA, prevent discrimination and stigmatization from the general public, prevent employers from discriminating against persons with HIV infection, protect workers who criticize hazardous conditions in the workplace, and offer compensation to victims of HIV-related human rights abuses and employees for contracting job-related diseases. However, HIV-related human rights abuses, stigmatization, and discrimination, have continued unabated, not because there are no laws to protect victims, but due to ignorance of the law, complicated by the fact that some existing laws have remained dormant with regard to implementation and enforcement. Domestication of these laws by various State Governments in the country and enforcement by relevant institutions are also big issues. It is imperative for healthcare professionals to be aware of current professional standards and the general public to be aware of laws protecting victims of the virus.
Frequency and pattern of utilization of clinical microbiological laboratory services in oral and maxillofacial surgery in a Nigerian tertiary hospital
Authors: Ibhayehor J. O. , Omokhua G. I. , Ibadin E. E. , Okoh C. , Edetanlen B. E. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Oral and maxillofacial infections can be fatal if the services of clinical microbiological laboratory (CML) are underutilized. To the best of our knowledge, it appears that the utilization of CML services have not been properly documented in literature. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and pattern of utilization of CML services in oral and maxillofacial surgery patients in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in the department of clinical microbiology of University of Benin Teaching Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023. Data were obtained from the laboratory register and case notes of patients. Patients with incomplete data were excluded from the study. Data collected include age, gender, type of specimens, microbiological tests and services, Gram stain morphology, microbial culture growth and antimicrobial susceptibility test results. The unit of analysis was patients rather than specimens. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed, and p value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Of the total 7,345 patients seen during the study period, specimens of 79 patients were sent to CML for analysis, given a laboratory utilization rate of 1.08%. The age range of the 79 patients was 11-101 years with a mean age of 46.1±17.6 years. More than two-third (75.9%) of the patients were younger than 60 years, and just a little more than half (57.0%) were females. Bacteriology services was the most rendered service to the oral and maxillofacial patients. Male and female equally utilize the services. Also, both young and elderly patients equally utilize the services.Conclusion: The rate of utilization of CML services in OMF surgery is relatively low. The most utilized service was bacteriology. Age and gender were not significantly associated with utilization of CML services by oral and maxillofacial patients.
The influence of feed molar flow rate on key streams properties and duties in ethanol-water azeotropic distillation process
Authors: Jeremiah Justin , Monge Emmanuel , Mohamed Mahir , Msuya Neema , Manyele Samwel 
Published: January 2025

Investigation on the influence of near azeotropic feed molar flow rate on properties of key streams connecting main process units of an ethanol-water azeotropic distillation pilot processis presented. The heterogeneous azeotropic distillation model with cyclohexane entrainer was configured in Aspen Plus® V10 commercial simulation software. Property analysis and prediction of plant’s performancewere achieved using Non-Random Two Liquid Redlich-Kwong thermodynamic model. Both residual curve maps and ternary diagrams were used to determineseparation possibility and presence of ethanol-water azeotrope in the formed ternary mixtureduring distillation synthesis. The process convergence was addressed using flowsheet convergence and balance node. Distillation of ethanol- water azeotropic mixture was simulated at constant recycle ratio (R = 5), numberof stages (N = 12) and pressure (P = 1 atm). Data obtained were analysed in MS Excel 2013. Results showed that simultaneous increase ofmolar flow rate of the near azeotropic feed and feed ethanol concentration improves ethanol purity but results in retrograde phenomenon which may humper plant’s performance and increase stream flow rates and therefore increase energy duties. The condenser duty of the main column wasaround 90.94% higher than the recycle column’scondenser duty. Also, reboiler duty of the main column were nearly 90.25% higher than the recycle column’s reboiler duty.It was concluded that setting 18 to 20 kmol/h feed molar flow rate enhances higher energy efficiency and improves ethanol product purity. Careful distillation synthesis and plant’s monitoring are recommended to improve ethanol-water azeotropic distillation plant’s performance and address retrograde phenomena.
Pubis Symphysis diastasis during eutocic delivery in an obese primigravid at Kacyiru District Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Nyamwasa D. , Umunyurwa Nyamwasa Right P. , Uwera N. , Mukamazimpaka P. , Mutangana E. , Umugwaneza L. , Igirimbabazi V. , Kazindu M. , Mubiligi A. , Habiyakare J. A. , Ntahonkiriye G. , Bikoroti Bizimanasharale J. , Nsanzabaganwa C. , Mutesa L. 
Published: January 2025

Pubic symphysis diastasis is a rare condition characterized by an abnormal widening of the inter-symphysis joint space exceeding 10 mm, most commonly occurring as a complication of labor and delivery. There is no established gold standard for its management, with treatment ranging from conservative approaches to surgical intervention based on severity and clinical presentation.
Here, we present the case of a 32-year-old primigravid woman at 39 weeks and 2 days of gestation, who was obese and experienced precipitous labor. The patient reported three days of insidious lumbopelvic pain prior to delivery, which was initially attributed to a urinary infection. Following delivery, she developed acute pain and instability in the anterior pelvic ring, rendering her unable to stand or walk. Radiographic imaging confirmed a severe pubic symphysis diastasis measuring 72.7 mm.
Management involved surgical intervention with pelvic external fixation performed by an orthopedic team, along with perioperative care that included blood transfusions, analgesics, and antibiotics. The patient demonstrated excellent recovery, with no recurrence of pain and significant functional improvement. She was discharged on postoperative day 33 under a rehabilitation program involving walking exercises and crutch support.
This case underscores the importance of recognizing risk factors for pubic symphysis diastasis, such as obesity, precipitous labor, and primiparity. It highlights the critical role of early diagnosis and timely surgical management in achieving favorable outcomes, advocating for increased awareness among healthcare providers to prevent delays in treatment.
Screening for psychosocial distress and depression among cancer patients in a regional cancer centre in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nwosu Arinze D.G. , Ossai Edmund N. , Ilo Chukwudi A. , Madu Anazo J. , Onwuasoigwe Okey , Ezenwosu Osita , Amucheazi Adaobi O. , Lasebikan Nwamaka , Nwankwo Theophilus , Nganwuchu Cyprian C. 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Psychosocial distress and depression have been associated with poorer outcomes in cancer care, and routine screening is recommended. We aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern, and predictors of psychosocial distress and depression among cancer patients.
METHODS: The participants were 382 cancer patients (324 outpatients, 58 inpatients) who were recruited between February 2020 and November 2022. Each patient completed a structured questionnaire incorporating the patient-reported measures that screen for health status (Self-rated health), psychosocial distress (Distress thermometer), and depression (Two-item patient health questionnaire). We applied a threshold of ≥4, and ≥3 to define distress and depression, respectively. Correlation and binary logistic regression were used in the analysis. Statistical significance was defined by p<0.05.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 49.7±14.5 years, and 45.6% (174/382) perceived their health status as poor. Concomitant illnesses were present in 29% of the patients. The mean distress score was 5.3 ± 2.5, with a range 0-10. The cancer patients who screened positive for distress selected more items from the “Problem List” compared to those without distress. The prevalence of psychosocial distress and depression were 77% (294/382) and 33% (126/382), respectively. The predictors of psychosocial distress were the presence of co-morbidities (AOR=2.6; 95%CI: 1.3- 5.1) and good self-rated health status (AOR= 0.2; 95%CI: 0.1-0.3). The predictors of depression were the outpatient setting of care (AOR=0.4; 95%CI: 0.2-0.7) and good self-rated health (AOR= 0.3; 95%CI: 0.2-0.4).
CONCLUSION: Our findings support ambulatory care for cancer patients and the implementation of psychosocial screening guidelines in the oncology service.
New Nickel and Copper Complexes With Thiacalix[4]Arene Derivative Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity
Authors: Al-Khafaji Yahya , Alalwani Thamer 
Published: January 2025

The study investigates the synthesis and characterization of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene derivative via interaction between p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene with two equivalent of 1-bromopropyl to form di-substituted thiacalix[4]arene ring. It is employed to prepare complexes with Ni(II) and Cu(II). The ligand and it is complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, infrared and proton nuclear resonance. Polymerization of cyclic esters was assisted via prepared complexes. The result shows capability of these compounds as catalyst for such reaction.
The Producer's Responsibility for Genetically Modified Foods: a Comparative Study
Authors: Odhaib Ishraq Hasan 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Ensuring physical safety in its broadest sense is considered one of the most fundamental and essential human rights, possibly the highest of all. This right is closely associated with the individual, as the body is the abode of the soul and the source of all life activities. The objective is to preserve and protect physical safety from any threats, especially those posed by modern products like genetically modified agricultural foods.

Methods: This study aims to explore the importance of physical safety in relation to genetically modified foods. The focus is on the adherence to safety regulations for genetic modification and the potential risks of non-compliance. It emphasizes the need for a legal framework to govern genetically modified foods, ensuring that safety standards are strictly followed.

Results: The findings suggest that many genetically modified foods cause harm due to the failure of companies to comply with safety regulations. These deviations in adherence to the standards for modifying the genetic traits of foods may lead to future harm to physical safety. The need for stronger regulatory oversight and the establishment of a legal system is evident.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the protection of physical safety through the regulation of genetically modified foods is essential to safeguarding human rights. There is a pressing need for a robust legal system to regulate the genetic modification of foods to ensure compliance with established safety standards, thereby preventing harm to individuals' physical safety.
The Role of Innovation in Social Awareness
Authors: AlRayssi Ruqeya Cheragh 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The study aimed to identify the role of innovation in building social awareness from the perspective of a sociologist.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 300 social workers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The research relied on a descriptive analytical approach to gather and analyze data.

Results: The results revealed that the role of innovation in building social awareness, according to sociologists, was high. Additionally, the study found no statistically significant differences in the dimensions of innovation’s role in building social awareness based on variables such as gender and academic qualification.

Conclusion: The study concluded that innovation plays a significant role in fostering social awareness, with no major influence from demographic factors such as gender and academic background.