bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nano iron oxide closes the gap between climate regulation and food security trade-offs
Authors: He Shiying , Yu Yongjie , Feng Youzhi , Yu Yingliang , Xue Lihong , Yang LinZhang , Delgado-Baquerizo Manuel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rice production poses one of the most important trade-offs between climate regulation and food security. Fertilization often results in higher yield, but also in more greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Such a trade-off represents a major threat to our capacity to mitigate on-going climate change while supporting a continuously growing global population. Here, we conducted a four-year field experiment to evaluate the capacity of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) fertilization to close the gap between these important trade-offs. We found that FeONPs fertilization can help us mitigate climate change by reducing 40% methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions compared with controls, while supporting significant soil carbon sequestration. Moreover, FeONPs can help us to support food production by increasing the amount of nitrogen via reductions in ammonia volatilization and accumulation of N in nanoparticles. Together, our work revealed that next generation fertilization strategies can make a great contribution to food security while supporting climate change regulation.
Initial experience of 3-dimensional exoscope in decompression of massive lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Song Fanglong , Zhou Zhiqiang , Zhou Xiaozhong , Wu Haowei , Shan Bingchen , Zhou Zhentao , Dai Jun , Jiang Fengxian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the effect of a three-dimensional (3D) exoscope for decompression of single-segment massive lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
Methods
The study included 56 consecutive patients with single segment massive LDH who underwent decompression assisted by a 3D exoscope from October 2019 to October 2022 at a university hospital. The analysis was based on comparison of perioperative metrics including decompression time, estimated blood loss (EBL) during decompression and postoperative length of stay (PLS); clinical outcomes including assessment using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Oswestry disability index (ODI); and incidence of reoperation and complications.
Results
The mean decompression time was 28.35 ± 8.93 min (lumbar interbody fusion (LIF)) and 15.50 ± 5.84 min (fenestration discectomy (LOVE surgery)), the mean EBL during decompression was 42.65 ± 12.42 ml (LIF) and 24.32 ± 8.61 ml (LOVE surgery), and the mean PLS was 4.56 ± 0.82 days (LIF) and 2.00 ± 0.65 days (LOVE surgery). There were no complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage, nerve root injury and epidural hematoma. All patients who underwent decompression assisted by a 3D exoscope were followed up for 6 months. At the last follow-up, the VAS and ODI scores were significantly improved from the preoperative period to the last follow-up (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
A 3D exoscope provides a visually detailed, deep and clear surgical field, which makes decompression safer and more effective and significantly reduces short-term complications and enables resident doctors to learn effectively. A 3D exoscope may be a good assistance tool during decompression for single-segment massive LDH.
Antagonistic potential and biological control mechanisms of Pseudomonas strains against banded leaf and sheath blight disease of maize
Authors: Sahgal Manvika , Saini Neha , Jaggi Vandana , NT Brindhaa , Kabdwal Manisha , Singh Rajesh Pratap , Prakash Anil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

There is increased interest in developing biological control agents to effectively combat the banded leaf and sheath blight (BL&SB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani, a devastating disease that affects maize and many other crops worldwide. In the current study, we screened 22 rhizobacteria(AS1-AS22) recovered from grassland in the Pithoragarh region of the Central Himalayas for antagonism against Rhizoctonia solanif. sp.sasakii. Two Pseudomonas strains, AS19 and AS21, exhibited the highest in vitro inhibition of fungal mycelium, with cell cultures of AS19 and AS21 showing inhibition was 57.04% and 54.07%, respectively, and with cell-free culture filtrate showing67.41%and 65.74%, respectively. The two bacteria also prevented sclerotium growth. The strains AS19 and AS21were identified as Pseudomonas sp. by 16S rDNA phylogeny and deposited under accession numbers NAIMCC-B-02303 and NAIMCC-B-02304, respectively. The biocontrol mechanisms in the selected strains were investigated in a plate assay and a pot trial. The scanning electron micrograph of the dual culture plate assay showed the intense degradation of fungal mycelium by strains AS19 and AS21. Both strains also produced hydrolytic enzymes. There was a significant reduction in BL&SB disease incidence (DI) with the application of strains AS19 and AS21 in a pot trial using maize crops. The decrease in DI ranged between 25–38.33% in the treatments receiving foliar sprays of two antagonistic isolates 48 h before pathogen inoculation. The results showed that the two Pseudomonas strains act through induced systemic resistance (ISR) and are potent BCAs. The two strains, AS19 and AS21, exhibited broad-spectrum in vitro antifungal activity against Alternaria triticina, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Rhizoctonia maydis, and Fusarium oxysporumf. sp.lentis. Before the commercial-level exploitation of these two BCAs, further studies must be done to validate their biocontrol activity in field trials and to identify a bacterial metabolite responsible for inducing systemic resistance.
Associations of cardiometabolic polygenic risk scores with cardiovascular disease in African Americans
Authors: Workalemahu Tsegaselassie , Ying Jian , G. Berhanu Gebremeskel , Lu Tianyuan , Mohanty April , Elfassy Tali , Tekola-Ayele Fasil , A. Timothy Thornton , Cohen Jordana , R. Marguerite Irvin , M. Robert Silver , W. Michael Varner , Yaffe Kristine , Fornage Myriam , M. Donald Lloyd-Jones , Sims Mario , Shimbo Daichi , Yano Yuichiro , Muntner Paul , Bress Adam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a complex disease, and genetic factors contribute individually or cumulatively to CVD risk. While African American women and men are disproportionately affected by CVD, their lack of representation in genomic investigations may widen disparities in health. We investigated the associations of cardiometabolic polygenic risk scores (PRSs) with CVD risk in African Americans.
Methods: We used the Jackson Heart Study, a prospective cohort study of CVD in African American adults and the predicted atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) 10-year risk. We included 40-79 years old adults without a history of coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke at baseline. We derived genome-wide PRSs for systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), triglycerides, and C-reactive protein (CRP) separately for each of the participants, using African-origin UK Biobank participants’ genome-wide association summary statistics. We estimated the associations between PRSs and 10-year predicted ASCVD risk adjusting for age, sex, study visit date, and genetic ancestry using linear and logistic regression models.
Results: Participants (n=2,077) were 63% female and 66% never-smokers. They had mean (SD) 56 (10) years of age, 127.8 (16.3) mmHg SBP, 76.3 (8.7) mmHg DBP, 200.4 (40.2) mg/dL total cholesterol, 51.7 (14.7) mg/dL HDL cholesterol, 127.2 (36.7) mg/dL LDL cholesterol, 6.0 (1.3) mmol/mol HbA1c, 108.9 (81.7) mg/dL triglycerides and 0.53 (1.1) CRP. Their median (interquartile range) predicted 10-year predicted ASCVD risk was 8.0 (4.0-15.0). Participants in the >75th percentile for HbA1c PRS had 1.42 percentage-point greater predicted 10-year ASCVD risk (1.42 [95% CI: 0.58-2.26]) and higher odds of ≥10% predicted 10-year ASCVD risk (OR: 1.46 [95% CI: 1.03-2.07]) compared with those in the <25th percentile for HbA1c PRS. Participants in the >75th percentile for SBP PRS had higher odds of ≥10% predicted 10-year ASCVD risk (OR: 1.52 [95% CI: 1.07-2.15]) compared with those in the <25th percentile for SBP PRS.
Conclusion: Among 40-79 years old African Americans without CHD and stroke, higher PRSs for HbA1c and SBP were associated with CVD risk. PRSs may help stratify individuals based on their clinical risk factors for CVD early prevention and clinical management.
BMI and DM: a two-sample mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yuan Jianxu , Jiang Qing , Yu Shengjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are often accompanied by an increase in BMI (body mass index). Obesity in clinical work is also often considered to be a high risk factor for diabetes, but whether there is a causal relationship between BMI and DM has not been clearly confirmed. Therefore, we conducted a two sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the potential relationship.
Method: We downloaded relevant data of "body mass index", "diabetes" and "type 2 diabetes (T2DM)" from the IEU OpenGWAS project database, used four different methods to conduct two sample MR analysis, and performed sensitivity analysis for verification.
Results: The results of four MR analysis methods indicated that high BMI was indeed an independent risk factor for DM. Since T2DM was a main subtype of diabetes, we further analyzed the impact of BMI on T2DM and got the same results. The two OR values obtained through the IVW method in this study were: OR = 1.032 (95% CI, 1.014 to 1.051), P < 0.001 and OR = 1.005 (95% CI, 1.001 to 1.008), P = 0.011.
Conclusion: Through our research, it was confirmed that high BMI was indeed an independent risk factor affecting the incidence rate of diabetes.
PragFormer: Data-driven Parallel Source Code Classification with Transformers
Authors: Harel Re'em , Kadosh Tal , Hasabnis Niranjan , Mattson Timothy , Pinter Yuval , Oren Gal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Multi-core shared memory architectures have become ubiquitous in computing hardware nowadays. As a result, there is a growing need to fully utilize these architectures by introducing appropriate parallelization schemes, such as OpenMP worksharing-loop constructs, to applications. However, most developers find introducing OpenMP directives to their code hard due to pervasive pitfalls in managing parallel shared memory. To assist developers in this process, many compilers, as well as source-to-source (S2S) translation tools, have been developed over the years, tasked with inserting OpenMP directives into code automatically. In addition to having limited robustness to their input format, these compilers still do not achieve satisfactory coverage and precision in locating parallelizable code and generating appropriate directives. Recently, many data-driven AI-based code completion (CC) tools, such as GitHub CoPilot, have been developed to ease and improve programming productivity. Leveraging the insights from existing AI-based programming-assistance tools, this work presents a novel AI model that can serve as a parallel-programming assistant∗. Specifically, our model, named PragFormer, is tasked with identifying for loops that can benefit from conversion to parallel worksharing-loop construct (OpenMP directive) and even predict the need for specific data-sharing attributes clauses on the fly. We created a unique database, named Open-OMP, specifically for this goal. Open-OMP contains over 32,000 unique code snippets from different domains, half of which contain OpenMP directives, while the other half do not. We experimented with different model design parameters for these tasks and showed that our best-performing model outperforms a statistically-trained baseline as well as a state-of-the-art S2S compiler. In fact, it even outperforms the popular generative AI model of ChatGPT. In the spirit of advancing research on this topic, we have already released source code for PragFormer as well as Open-OMP dataset to public†. Moreover, an interactive demo of our tool, as well as a Hugging Face webpage ‡to experiment with our tool, are already available.
In situ observation of the pore formation during laser based reactive air brazing of alumina
Authors: Wojarski Lukas , Ulitzka Henrik , Geldmacher Anna , Ulitzka Tim , Tillmann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Reactive air brazing (RAB) is a low-cost process for joining ceramic composites in air. However, due to the comparably low strength values that can be achieved by RAB, the process is only used in special applications like solid oxide fuel cells as a sealant. The limited strength values are the result of a severe pore formation during the brazing operation, that remain in the brazing fillet after solidification of the brazing filler. In this work, the formation of the pores during RAB brazing of alumina using a paste containing Ag4CuO powder and various binder was investigated. The formation and evolution of the pores were observed and quantified in situ X-ray measurements. It could be observed that during all three stages of the brazing cycle the debinding of the brazing paste, as well as the melting and solidification of the filler metal, changes of the porosity occur. In this regard, the brazing parameters binder and heating rate had a significant influence on the pore formation and evolution.
Eco-friendly Cellulose Hydrogels as Controlled Release Fertilizer for Enhanced Growth and Yield of Upland Rice
Authors: Ahmad Dayang Fazirah Binti Abg , Wasli Mohd Effendi , Tan Cindy Soo Yun , Musa Zaki , Chin Suk-Fun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The effect of urea-loaded cellulose hydrogel, a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) on growth and yield of upland rice were investigated in upland rice. As with the initial research, nitrogen (N) treatments were applied as CRF treatments; T2H (30 kg N ha-1), T3H (60 kg N ha-1), T4H (90 kg N ha-1), T5H (120 kg N ha-1) and recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) at 120 kg N ha-1 RDF (T6U) in split application and T1 (0 N) as control. Results from this study indicated that applying CRF at the optimum N rate, T4H resulted in maximum grain yield, increasing by 54.8 %. The analysis of yield components revealed that higher grain yield in T4H CRF was associated with an increase in panicle number and number of grains per panicle. Maximum of grain N uptake of 2.85 g pot-1 was also observed in T4H CRF. In addition, T4H CRF recorded the highest harvest index (HI) and N harvest index (NHI) of 45.5 % and 67.9 %, respectively. Application of T4H CRF also recorded the highest N use efficiency (NUE) and N agronomic efficiency (NAE), 52.6 % and 12.8 kg kg-1, respectively. Observations show that CRF with only 75 % N applied (T4H) in soil improved grain yield when compared to CRF with 100 % N and 100 % RDF in farmers’ conventional split application. This suggested that CRF with a moderate N application might produce the highest potential yield and improved N efficiencies while enhancing crop production and further increase in N supply did not increase yield and N efficiencies. The results suggest that the application of T4H CRF for upland rice would enhance HI, N efficiencies and improved the yield of upland rice. Also, all growth parameters and yield were positively influenced by the application of CRF as a basal dose compared to split application of conventional urea fertilizers.
Professional identity and sense of coherence affect the between compassion fatigue and work engagement among Chinese hospital nurses
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Peng Qianwen , Chen Chaoran 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background：With the continuous improvement of people's health needs, the public's requirements for medical care are also getting higher and higher. Work engagement is a positive psychological state related to the work. It is very important to maintain nurses' work engagement, however, due to many factors, the level of nurses' work engagement is not high and nursing managers should identify the influencing factors of work engagement, and take positive measures to fully improve nurses' work engagement.
Objectives：To explore the influence of compassion fatigue, professional identity and sense of coherence on nurses' work engagement.
Methods：From January 2022 to June 2022, convenience sampling was used to select clinical nurses from 9 tertiary hospitals in Henan Province of China as the research objects for a questionnaire survey. Statistical methods included descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and the PROCESS Macro Model 4 and 7 in regression analysis.
Results：The results showed that compassion fatigue was significantly negatively correlated with sense of coherence, professional identity and work engagement (P＜0.01), professional identity was significantly positively correlated with sense of coherence and work engagement (P＜0.01), and there was a significant positive correlation between sense of coherence and work engagement (P＜0.01). Professional identity played a partial mediating role between compassion fatigue and work engagement, accounting for 46.40% of the total effect; meanwhile, sense of coherence moderated the effect of compassion fatigue on professional identity and formed a moderated mediation model.
Conclusions：Compassion fatigue has a negative predictive effect on nurses' work engagement. Professional identity and sense of coherence further explained the relationship of compassion fatigue on compassion fatigue and work engagement through mediating and moderating effects.
Magnetic Bearing: Structure, Model and Control strategy
Authors: Huang Zhihang , Li Changhe , Zhou Zongming , Liu Bo , Zhang Yanbin , Yang Min , Gao Teng , Liu Mingzheng , Zhang Naiqing , Sharma Shubham , Dambatta Yusuf Suleiman , Li Yongsheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Bearings are crucial transmission components that offer support to mechanical rotating bodies. Nevertheless, traditional bearing failure due to friction and wear more easily. In scenarios involving ultra-high speeds and extreme applications, minimizing bearing losses and enhancing performance becomes especially vital. Magnetic bearings, characterized by zero friction, no need for lubrication, and high-speed capabilities, offer a viable solution to the issue of bearing failure attributed to friction. However, there is currently a shortage of comprehensive review literature that delves into the structural attributes, modeling mechanisms, and control strategies of magnetic bearings. This article will perform a comprehensive literature review on magnetic bearings, addressing the aforementioned aspects and discussing their core technologies. Firstly, from the perspective of classification and magnetic circuit structure analysis, the properties and characteristics of various magnetic bearings are discussed. Secondly, the working principle and performance of mathematical models of magnetic bearings with different structures are described, and the modeling steps and optimization schemes are summarized. Furthermore, the influence of control strategy of magnetic bearing on the control performance of magnetic bearing is summarized. Compared to PID control, modern control theory has achieved a performance improvement of nearly 50% in terms of improved position accuracy and adjustment time. Finally, the current research progress on magnetic bearings is summarized, and the current bottleneck issues are anticipated. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of the action mechanism and control method of magnetic levitation bearing, thus promoting the progress of magnetic levitation bearing technology.
Faces and bodies in whole person perception
Authors: Forner Katelyn , Tanaka James W. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the current study, we employed a composite paradigm to test whether participants can selectively attend to the face or body information. For this task, participants are shown two sequentially composite face-body stimuli and are cued to attend to the face while ignoring body (Experiment 1) or cued to attend to the body while ignoring face (Experiment 2). In both experiments, we found a congruency effect where participants’ “same/different” discriminations of the cued, to-be-attended face (or body) target stimulus were influenced by the to-be-ignored uncued body (or face) stimulus. The magnitude of the congruency increased with the discrimination difficulty; suggesting as discrimination becomes more difficult, task-irrelevant information exerts a stronger bias on perceptual judgments. Critically, the spatial alignment manipulations between the face and body did not affect the congruency effect indicating that the whole person effect arises at the decisional stage of processing rather than the perceptual holistic stage. Together, our results indicate that person perception is a “whole person” process that obligatorily incorporates face and body information.
A comparative study of the thermal and mechanical cutting influence on the cut-edge hardness of structural steels S355 and S1100
Authors: Diekhoff Paul , Sun Jiamin , Nitschke-Pagel Thomas , Dilger Klaus 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Thermal and mechanical cutting process are commonly applied in manufacturing industries for making a specific size and shape of samples. The material properties of the heat-affected metal at the cut edge might be different from that of the parent metal. Hardness as a very important parameter for the assessment of material properties has been widely used in the design procedure. The vickers hardness test is a versatile method to measure material hardness in practice. In this study, the comparison of cut-edge hardness between the thermal and mechanical cutting process was performed on the structural steels S355 and S1100 by using the experimental method. Based on the measurements, the influence of Vickers test load on the magnitude and distribution of cut-edge hardness for laser cut samples of steels S355 and S1100 was clarified. Furthermore, the effects of cutting processes on the hardness were illustrated. Finally, the comparison between the distribution characteristic of the cut-edge hardness of steels S355 and S1100 were made.
Application of Causal Inference Methods to Pooled Longitudinal Non- Randomized Studies: A Methodological Systematic Review
Authors: Hufstedler Heather , Mauer Nicole , Yeboah Edmund , Carr Sinclair , Rahman Sabahat , Danzer Alexander M. , Debray Thomas P.A. , Jong Valentijn M.T. , Campbell Harlan , Gustafson Paul , Maxwell Lauren , Jaenisch Thomas , Matthay Ellicott C. , Bärnighausen Till 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Observational data provide invaluable real-world information in medicine, but certain methodological considerations are required to derive causal estimates. In this systematic review, we evaluated the methodology and reporting quality of individual-level patient data meta-analyses (IPD-MAs) published in 2009, 2014, and 2019 that sought to estimate a causal relationship in medicine. We screened over 16,000 titles and abstracts, reviewed 45 full-text articles out of the 167 deemed potentially eligible, and included 29 into the analysis. Unfortunately, we found that causal methodologies were rarely implemented, and reporting was generally poor across studies. Specifically, only three of the 29 articles used quasi-experimental methods, and no study used G-methods to adjust for time-varying confounding. To address these issues, we propose stronger collaborations between physicians and methodologists to ensure that causal methodologies are properly implemented in IPD-MAs. In addition, we put forward a suggested checklist of reporting guidelines for IPD-MAs that utilize causal methods. This checklist could improve reporting thereby potentially enhancing the quality and trustworthiness of IPD-MAs, which can be considered one of the most valuable sources of evidence for health policy.