bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experience of living with obesity for adults in Asian countries: A scoping review of qualitative studies
Authors: Yunus Nor Akma , Russell Grant , Muhamad Rosediani , Chai Tze Lin , Ahmad Zawawi Mohamad Ariff Fahmi , Sturgiss Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

SummarySociocultural and biological backgrounds significantly influence people's experience of obesity. Yet the experience within the Asian sociocultural context is underexplored. This scoping review aims to summarize the qualitative evidence that explores the lived experience of adults with obesity in Asian countries. Guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) approach, we systematically searched five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus) for studies exploring the lived experience of adults with obesity in Asian countries. Eligible studies with English full text were screened by two reviewers and analyzed using a descriptive qualitative content analysis. Of the 16,764 articles retrieved, 11 were included. The qualitative data can be summarized into three categories: (1) cultural norms shaped the lived experience with obesity, (2) the influence of obesity on social relationships, and (3) coping with life challenges. Despite the small number of studies, a strong influence of the sociocultural environment on the lived experience of obesity was evident, particularly on social roles and expectations, social relationships, the stigma of obesity, and life challenges. The extent and significance of this sociocultural influence on the Asian population warrant further exploration. Future research should fully report the qualitative methods to provide contextual information about the study.
Clinical retrospective study of vaginal hyperplasia in the bitch (2012–2022)
Authors: Antonov Anton , Atanasov Anatoli , Fasulkov Ivan , Karadaev Manol 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA retrospective study was used to analyse canine vaginal hyperplasia ambulatory cases in Small animal clinic of the University Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria between 2012 and 2022. The study was done to investigate the morbidity of vaginal hyperplasia in the bitch and its relationship with the breed, body weight, age, stage of the oestrous cycle, parity of dogs and grade of the condition. Grade II and grade III vaginal hyperplasia were observed in 3.11% of all female dog genital pathological cases. Twenty‐eight canine breeds were affected and the largest number were Central Asian Shepherds (30.47%). Most frequently the dogs were between 2 and 3 years old (29.68%), above 40 kg body weight (58.59%) and during follicular phase (proestrus and oestrus) of the oestrous cycle (82.02%). All the affected bitches were non‐spayed (100%) and nulliparous were 70.31% of them. Grade III vaginal hyperplasia was more frequently observed (53.13%) than grade II of the condition. High correlation was found between age of the bitches and grade of the vaginal hyperplasia (R2 = .551; SEE = 0.053), body weight and grade of the condition (R2 = .820; SEE = 0.054), and age of the animals and their body weight (R2 = .820; SEE = 1.27).
The effectiveness of technology‐based cognitive behavioral therapy on perinatal depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ching Hannie , Chua Joelle Yan Xin , Chua Jing Shi , Shorey Shefaly 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundExtensive literature has shown the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in treating perinatal depression, but little is known about the effectiveness of its technology‐based version.AimThe aim of this review was to examine the effectiveness of technology‐based cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in women suffering from or at risk of experiencing perinatal depression.MethodsSix electronic databases were searched until February 2023 for articles published in English. Random‐effect meta‐analyses were conducted. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistics and Cochran's Q chi‐squared test. Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were also performed, and quality appraisals at the study and outcome levels were conducted.ResultsA total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included in the review. Results from meta‐analyses suggest that technology‐based cognitive behavioral therapy has a medium effect in reducing perinatal depressive symptoms and a small effect in reducing perinatal anxiety symptoms. Overall, women suffering from or at risk of perinatal depression may benefit from technology‐based cognitive behavioral therapy.Linking Evidence to ActionFuture interventions can be improved by addressing both perinatal depression and anxiety, paying more attention to antenatal women to prevent postnatal mental health issues, and using self‐guided mobile applications for accessibility.
Molecular and Interactions Modelling of PETase and Its Variant with Different Types of Crosslinker in Enzyme Immobilization
Authors: Khairul Salleh Badrul Nazahan , Jaafar Nardiah Rizwana , Md Illias Rosli 
Published: August 2023

Plastics are made from non-renewable resources and due to the tremendous production of plastics nowadays, they can lead to high levels of pollution. Biodegradation of plastic by utilizing enzymatic catalytic reaction is an environmentally friendly strategy that produce less or no negative carbon footprint. PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis (IsPETase) is an enzyme that able to degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a building block of plastic. However, free enzyme has several limitations such as unstable in harsh conditions and lack of reusability. One of the strategies to overcome this drawback is through enzyme immobilization that able to improve the enzymatic properties. A suitable crosslinker is very important as it would determine the interactions of the enzymatic particles. Crosslinker should be chosen before performing the enzyme immobilization and this can be accomplished by molecular docking. Thus, the purpose of this research is to determine the suitability of glutaraldehyde, chitosan, dialdehyde starch (DAS) and ethylene glycol as the crosslinker for IsPETase and its variant. Three-dimensional structure of the enzymes was built and docked with different types of crosslinkers. Binding affinity and interactions between the enzymes and the crosslinkers were analyzed and it was found that chitosan has the lowest binding affinity (-7.9 kcal/mol) and the highest number of interactions. This is followed by DAS, ethylene glycol and glutaraldehyde. By using computational analysis, suitable crosslinker for IsPETase could be determine and this would a cost-effective practice in enzyme immobilization strategy.
Incorporating Geometric Nonlinearity in Theoretical Modeling of Muscle-Powered Soft Robotic Bio-Actuators
Authors: Aydin Onur , Hirashima Kenta , Saif M. Taher A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Biohybrid actuators aim to leverage the various advantages of biological cells over artificial components to build novel compliant machines with high performance and autonomy. Significant advances have been made in bio-fabrication technologies, enabling the realization of muscle-powered bio-actuators. However, the mechanics of muscle-scaffold coupling has been relatively understudied, limiting the development of bio-actuators to intuitive or biomimetic designs. Here, we consider the case of implementing muscle-based actuation for soft robotic swimmers operating at low Reynolds numbers. We develop an analytical model to describe the elasto-hydrodynamic problem and identify key design parameters. Muscle contraction dynamics is characterized experimentally and the implications of nonlinear amplitude-frequency relationship of muscle-based actuation are discussed. We show that a novel bio-actuator with high performance can be developed by introducing compliant flexural mechanisms undergoing large deflection. Geometric nonlinearities are accounted for in the analysis of the force-deflection relationship for the flexural mechanism. Our results show that for expected muscle contraction forces, this novel bio-actuator can outperform previous muscle-powered swimmers by up to two orders of magnitude in swimming speed.
Assessment of Binary Pressure-Sensitive Paint for Temperature and Heat Transfer Coefficient Measurement of Leading-Edge Film Cooling
Authors: Burdett Timothy A. , Yeh Ming-Feng , Wright Lesley M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Film cooling is a common technique for protecting gas turbine components from the hot combustor exhaust. Highly resolved film cooling effectiveness distributions are often obtained by measuring the mass transfer of a foreign gas coolant in mainstream air using pressure-sensitive paint (PSP). However, PSP is not able to measure the heat transfer coefficient, which is necessary to fully quantify the impact of film cooling. Instead, binary pressure-sensitive paint (BPSP) has an additional luminophore that is sensitive to temperature and can be used to measure the heat transfer coefficient. In this experiment, the film cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient were measured using BPSP on the leading edge of a cylinder. The cylinder had a 7.62-cm diameter with two rows of cooling holes at ±15 deg from the leading edge. Each row contained ten holes with a 0.475-cm diameter, spaced 4 diameters apart in the spanwise direction, and angled 30 deg from the cylinder axis. The mainstream Reynolds number was 100,000 based on cylinder diameter with a turbulence intensity of 7.1%. The coolant-to-mainstream density ratio was 1.0, and the blowing ratio was 0.8. The heat transfer coefficient was measured in a transient heat transfer experiment using the reference signal from the BPSP. Despite the high uncertainty of the measurement, ranging from 24.0% to 71.1%, the results demonstrate the feasibility of the method and identify the best test methodology to minimize conduction errors.
The Internet Is Not Forever: Challenges and Sustainability in Video Game Archiving and Preservation
Authors: Dym Brianna , Simpson Ellen , Fong Olivia , striegl libi 
Published: August 2023

Video games are an increasingly significant cultural touchstone in people’s everyday lives. However, preserving and archiving video games faces unique challenges, including intellectual property law, technology degradation, and the broader question of what it means to preserve a video game. In an exploratory study investigating sustainable game preservation practices, we spoke to 15 amateur game preservationists and hobbyists about their informal work with code, gaming consoles, and servers for online play. We found a lack of access to particular games during childhood or young adulthood led participants to seek out these games in other formats—such as emulated games they could play on other mediums (e.g., playing Nintendo games on your personal computer). Their nostalgia and the communities they found searching for these experiences inspired them to undertake archival work. Participants leveraged distributed knowledge across their communities to keep video games accessible for anyone interested in playing them. Considering these findings in the context of modern archival practices, we discuss what it means to archive a game, especially when that game is dependent on interactive, communal experiences, and what is potentially lost in current archival practices in contrast to informal, accidental archival work.
50,000 yr of recurrent volcaniclastic megabed deposition in the Marsili Basin, Tyrrhenian Sea
Authors: Sawyer Derek E. , Urgeles Roger , Iacono Claudio Lo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Megabeds are exceptionally large submarine deposits interpreted to originate from single catastrophic events. Megabeds are significant components of deep-water basins and are critical for understanding geohazards. We discovered a succession of four megabeds within the upper 70 m of the western Marsili Basin, Tyrrhenian Sea, deposited within the past 50 k.y. The megabeds were imaged as distinctive acoustically transparent units with ponded geometries, 10–25 m thick, separated by parallel-bedded strata. Cores from Site 650 of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 107 revealed that three of the four megabeds are made of alternating volcaniclastic sand and mud, and one is a volcaniclastic debris flow. Abundant shallow-water benthic foraminifera within the megabeds suggest that they were not sourced locally from the active Marsili Seamount, but most likely originated from the Campanian volcanic province to the north. The time interval during which the megabeds were deposited includes the 39.8 ka Campanian ignimbrite supereruption of the Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy, which is among the largest known eruptions on Earth, and the 14.9 ka Neapolitan Yellow Tuff supereruption. Volume (minimum) estimates range from 1.3 to 13.3 km3. However, similar megabeds observed in the neighboring Vavilov Basin to the west suggest that the megabeds in both basins may be correlative, and thus volumes could be much larger. The newly discovered megabeds of the Marsili Basin reveal significant geohazard events for the circum–Tyrrhenian Sea coastlines with a recurrence interval on the order of ~10–15 k.y.
Technical and clinical outcomes following EUS-guided thrombin injection and coil implantation for parastomal varices
Authors: Todd Andrew , Shekhar Chander , O’Rourke Joanne , Forde Colm , Pallan Arvind , Wadhwani Sharan Suresh , Tripathi Dhiraj , Mahon Brinder Singh 
Published: August 2023

Background and aimsBleeding from parastomal varices causes significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment options are limited, particularly in high-risk patients with significant underlying liver disease and other comorbidities. The use of EUS-guided embolisation coils combined with thrombin injection in gastric varices has been shown to be safe and effective. Our institution has applied the same technique to the treatment of parastomal varices.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of 37 procedures on 24 patients to assess efficacy and safety of EUS-guided injection of thrombin, with or without embolisation coils for treatment of bleeding parastomal varices. All patients had been discussed in a multidisciplinary team meeting, and correction of portal hypertension was deemed to be contraindicated. Rebleeding was defined as stomal bleeding that required hospital admission or transfusion.ResultsAll patients had significant parastomal bleeding at the time of referral. 100% technical success rate was achieved. 70.8% of patients had no further significant bleeding in the follow-up period (median 26.2 months) following one procedure. 1-year rebleed-free survival was 80.8% following first procedure. 7 patients (29.1%) had repeat procedures. There was no significant difference in rebleed-free survival following repeat procedures. Higher age was associated with higher risk of rebleeding. No major procedure-related complications were identified.ConclusionsEUS-guided thrombin injection, with or without embolisation coils, is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of bleeding parastomal varices, particularly for patients for whom correction of portal venous hypertension is contraindicated.
Dual bronchodilators in Bronchiectasis study (DIBS): protocol for a pragmatic, multicentre, placebo-controlled, three-arm, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial studying bronchodilators in preventing exacerbations of bronchiectasis
Authors: Morton Miranda , Wilson Nina , Homer Tara Marie , Simms Laura , Steel Alison , Maier Rebecca , Wason James , Ternent Laura , Abouhajar Alaa , Allen Maria , Joyce Richard , Hildreth Victoria , Lakey Rachel , Cherlin Svetlana , Walker Adam , Devereux Graham , Chalmers James D , Hill Adam T , Haworth Charles , Hurst John R , De Soyza Anthony 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionBronchiectasis is a long-term lung condition, with dilated bronchi, chronic inflammation, chronic infection and acute exacerbations. Recurrent exacerbations are associated with poorer clinical outcomes such as increased severity of lung disease, further exacerbations, hospitalisations, reduced quality of life and increased risk of death. Despite an increasing prevalence of bronchiectasis, there is a critical lack of high-quality studies into the disease and no treatments specifically approved for its treatment. This trial aims to establish whether inhaled dual bronchodilators (long acting beta agonist (LABA) and long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)) taken as either a stand-alone therapy or in combination with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) reduce the number of exacerbations of bronchiectasis requiring treatment with antibiotics during a 12 month treatment period.MethodsThis is a multicentre, pragmatic, double-blind, randomised controlled trial, incorporating an internal pilot and embedded economic evaluation. 600 adult patients (≥18 years) with CT confirmed bronchiectasis will be recruited and randomised to either inhaled dual therapy (LABA+LAMA), triple therapy (LABA+LAMA+ICS) or matched placebo, in a 2:2:1 ratio (respectively). The primary outcome is the number of protocol defined exacerbations requiring treatment with antibiotics during the 12 month treatment period.Ethics and disseminationFavourable ethical opinion was received from the North East—Newcastle and North Tyneside 2 Research Ethics Committee (reference: 21/NE/0020). Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications, at national and international conferences, in the NIHRHealth Technology Assessmentsjournal and to participants and the public (using lay language).Trial registration numberISRCTN15988757.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease increases risk of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Jianghua , Sun Dan-Qin , Targher Giovanni , D Byrne Christopher , Lee Byung-wan , Hamaguchi Masahide , Kim Seung Up , Hou Xuhong , Fadini Gian Paolo , Shimabukuro Michio , Furuhashi Masato , Wang Ning-Jian , Tilg Herbert , Zheng Ming-Hua 
Published: August 2023

Background and aimMetabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is an alternative description and classification of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that may have better utility than NAFLD in clinical practice. We performed a meta-analysis to quantify the magnitude of the association between MAFLD and risk of both prevalent and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), Web of Science and Cochrane Library from database inception until 29 May 2022. We included observational studies examining the association between MAFLD and risk of CKD, defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤60 mL/min/1.73 m2or presence of abnormal albuminuria. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to obtain summary HRs or ORs with 95% CIs.ResultsSeventeen observational studies with aggregate data on 845 753 participants were included in meta-analysis. In the 7 cohort studies, the pooled random-effects HR for incident CKD in patients with MAFLD was 1.29 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.41, I2=87.0%). In the 10 cross-sectional studies, the pooled random-effects OR for prevalent CKD in patients with MAFLD was 1.35 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.64, I2=92.6%).ConclusionMAFLD is significantly associated with an increased prevalence and incidence of CKD.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022352366.
Risk factors of primary liver cancer initiation associated with tumour initiating cell emergence: novel targets for promising preventive therapies
Authors: Brouillet Arthur , Lafdil Fouad 
Published: August 2023

Primary liver cancers ranked as the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancers and the third-leading cause of cancer-related death in 2020. Despite encouraging findings on diagnosis and treatments, liver cancer remains a life-threatening disease with a still increasing incidence.Therefore, it is of interest to better characterise and understand the mechanistic process occurring at early steps of carcinogenesis. Inflammatory responses in liver diseases participate in the activation of liver progenitor cells (LPCs) facultative compartment but also to their transformation into cancer stem cells (CSCs) and give rise to primary liver cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Higher intratumoural heterogeneity has been associated with poorer prognosis and linked to tumour escape from the immune surveillance and to resistance to chemotherapy. A better understanding of the malignant transformation of LPC as tumour initiating cells (ie, CSC) should also provide a potential new therapeutic target for anticancer therapy. In this review, we summarise the recent reports identifying underlying mechanisms by which chronic liver inflammatory responses could trigger the early steps in liver carcinogenesis, notably through the transformation of LPCs into tumour initiating cells.
Severe hypoglycaemia in paediatric oncology: characterisation and risk factors
Authors: Joseph-Frederick Zakia , Keis Jennifer , Green Gloria , Petrazzini Ariana , Alexander Sarah , Kovacevic Anja , Oei Krista , Sung Lillian 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesPrimary objective was to describe the cumulative incidence of severe hypoglycaemia in paediatric patients with cancer. Secondary objectives were to determine risk factors for severe hypoglycaemia and to describe its clinical course and management.MethodsIn this single institution retrospective study, for the cumulative incidence cohort, we included cancer diagnosis and hypoglycaemia episodes between June 2018 and November 2021. For the chart review cohort, we included cancer diagnosis January 2009–November 2021 and hypoglycaemia episodes June 2018–November 2021.ResultsThere were 1237 cancer diagnoses and 142 patients with severe hypoglycaemia in the cumulative incidence cohort. Cumulative incidence at 6 months after cancer diagnosis was 9.4% (95% CI 7.7% to 11.0%). Severe hypoglycaemia incidence significantly increased over time (r=0.77, p=0.004). Independent risk factors were age at diagnosis (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.91); acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (HR 3.06, 95% CI 2.19 to 4.29) and relapse (HR 9.54, 95% CI 3.83 to 23.76). There were 4672 cancer diagnoses and 267 episodes of severe hypoglycaemia in the chart review cohort.ConclusionsThe cumulative incidence of severe hypoglycaemia 6 months after cancer diagnosis was 9.4%. Severe hypoglycaemia increased over time. Younger patients, those with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and those with a history of disease relapse, were at higher risk of severe hypoglycaemia.