bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthogonal synthesis of a versatile building block for dual functionalization of targeting vectors
Authors: Handula Maryana , Chapeau Dylan , Seimbille Yann 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Dual functionalization of targeting vectors, such as peptides and antibodies, is still synthetically challenging despite the increasing demand for such molecules serving multiple purposes (i.e., optical and nuclear imaging). Our strategy was to synthesize a versatile building block via the orthogonal incorporation of chemical entities (e.g., radionuclide chelator, fluorescent dye, cytotoxic drugs, click handle, and albumin binder) in order to prepare various dual functionalized biovectors. The functional groups were introduced on the building block using straightforward chemical reactions. Thus, an azidolysine and a biogenic lysine were installed into the building block to allow the coupling of the second functional group and the regioselective conjugation to the biovector via the strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition, while the first functional group was inserted during the solid-phase peptide synthesis. To extend the applicability of the building block to large biomolecules, such as antibodies, a DBCO-maleimide linker was clicked to the azidolysine to present a maleimide group that could react with the exposed sulfhydryl groups of the cysteine residues. To exemplify the possibilities offered by the building block, we synthesized two dual-functionalized compounds containing a 2,2′,2″′,2‴-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl) tetraacetic acid chelator and an albumin binder (4a) to extend the blood half-life of radiolabeled biovectors or a click handle (4b) to enable the late-stage click reaction; 4a and 4b were conjugated to a model cyclic peptide bearing a short thiolated linker at the N-terminal position, in a single step via the thiol–maleimide Michael addition. Both dual-functionalized peptides, 9a and 9b, were obtained rapidly in high chemical purity (>95%) and labeled with [111In]InCl3. Both radiopeptides showed good stability in mouse serum and PBS buffer.
Preparation and characterization of sisal fibre reinforced sodium alginate gum composites for non-structural engineering applications
Authors: Pradeepa Balaji Rao , Kiruthika Amirthalingam V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, untreated/treated sisal fibre (SF)-reinforced sodium alginate composites for three different concentrations (1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) are fabricated by the hand lay-up method, and the variations in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength are studied. The treated and untreated composites are analysed and compared using scanning electron microscope to study the surface morphology. Energy-dispersive spectroscopic analysis is carried out to evaluate the elemental compositions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis is conducted to determine the interaction between fibres and matrix material. The thermal observations such as differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis showed only slight variations between the untreated and treated SF composites. The results of this work indicate that untreated sample with the maximum sodium alginate gum concentration had significantly enhanced mechanical properties and low moisture absorption rate. Biodegradation test inferred that it was superior for the treated fibre rather than the untreated fibre composites. The primary objective of this work is to assess the suitability of these composites for non-structural engineering applications.
Adsorption/desorption performance of cellulose membrane for Pb(ii)
Authors: Zhao Bai-Yun , He Jiao-Jiao , Wang Li 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cellulose membrane (CM) was successfully prepared by phase conversion (L–S). The adsorption performance of CM for Pb(ii) under different adsorption conditions was investigated, and the adsorption isothermal models and kinetic models were established. Additionally, desorption performance of CM for Pb(ii) under different conditions were also investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) methods were used to evaluate changes in the microstructure, element content, and functional groups of CM. The maximum adsorption capacity (343 mg·g−1) of Pb(ii) was achieved (initial concentration of Pb(ii) solution was 1,200 mg·L−1, pH was 4.5, adsorption time was 120 min, adsorption temperature was 30°C). Meanwhile, the process conforms to multi-molecular layer chemical adsorption. The desorption results showed that the maximum desorption capacity was 90.00 mg·g−1 (HNO3 concentration was 0.04 mol·L−1, desorption time was 120 min, desorption temperature was 60°C). SEM showed that the pores were saturated after adsorption of Pb(ii). Mapping and EDS analysis revealed that CM contained 72.14% Pb(ii) after adsorption. In the FT-IR curve, Pb(ii) chelated the C═O group of the CM. This method showed great potential for adsorption of Pb(ii) from aqueous solutions.
Influence of multi-modes contest on the dynamics of a quantum dot light emitting diode
Authors: Hussein Hawraa A. , Al Husseini Hussein B. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The effects of quick mode-competition phenomena on the dynamics of semiconductor quantum dot light-emitting diode (QDLED) are the subject of theoretical investigations in this study. The analyses are based on numerical simulations of the superposed multi-mode rate equations, which take into account the inherent fluctuations related to the spontaneous emission. The modal photon number and the injected electron number are reserved correlated during the multimode sources’ numerical generating process. Based on a self-consistent model, the optical frequency w effects which result in competition phenomena among lighting modes are introduced. The phenomenon of mode-competition is used to explain how noise sources affect it. Mode-competition processes cause instantaneous coupling between variations in mode intensity, which leads to instability in the dynamics of the modes and changes the state of operation. Over a broad range of carriers and photon rates (including the capture rate of the witting layer (WL) into the dot, the photon output rate in the optical mode, and the nonradiative decay rates of the number of carriers in the QD and WL), the dynamics of modes and the characteristics of the output spectrum are investigated. Three types of operation are distinguished: jittering single mode, stable single mode, and stable multimode.
Heat transfer enhancement of heat exchanger using rectangular channel with cavities
Authors: Malwe Prateek D. , Mukayanamath Aarti , Panchal Hitesh , Gupta Naveen Kumar , Prakash Chander , Abdul Zahra Musaddak Maher 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Heat transfer enhancement is required for numerous situations, i.e., gas turbines, nuclear power plants, micro and macro scale heat transfer, airfoil cooling, electronic cooling, semiconductors, biomedical and combustion chamber lines, etc. One of the prominent ways of increasing the heat transfer coefficient from the surface of a heat exchanger is by moving the position of the thermal boundary layer to make it either thinner or break the same partially. It requires making use of an increased surface area/fins. Accordingly, the research progressed in heat transfer enhancement by using concavities/dimples of the heat exchanger surfaces to improve the heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer rate. These impregnations are made on the internal flow tubes/surfaces of the heat exchanger surfaces. The present research work aims at the experimental investigation of a heat exchanger to determine the airflow pattern and computation of heat transfer rate on the dimpled surfaces. This research work will be beneficial and applicable to heat transfer enhancement applications like micro heat transfer, where space constraint is considered. The geometries considered for the experiment include flat plates and dimpled surfaces. The parameters like Reynolds number (varied from 20,000 to 50,000), dimple depth to imprint diameter ratio (varied from 0.2 to 0.4), and heater input to the test plates (varied from 75 to 120 W) are considered for the comparisons. The results with dimpled surfaces are compared with the flat plate surfaces having no dimples. The Reynolds and Nusselt numbers rise in direct proportion to the heater input. For pin fin and dimpled plate, the ratio of Nusselt number to area average Nusselt number drops for 75 W and 100 W input. The dimpled plate with a ratio of 0.3 between imprint diameter to dimple depth had the highest ratio of Nusselt number to Nusselt number value for the entire group.
100-Gbps per-channel all-optical wavelength conversion without pre-amplifiers based on an integrated nanophotonic platform
Authors: Zhao Ping , He Zonglong , Shekhawat Vijay , Karlsson Magnus , Andrekson Peter A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
All-optical wavelength conversion based on four-wave mixing attracts intense interest in many areas, especially in optical fiber communications, due to the advantages of femtosecond response, modulation-format transparency, and high flexibility in optical network management. In this paper, we present the first optical translation of 32-GBaud 16QAM signals with an integrated Si3N4 nonlinear nanophotonic waveguide. An on-chip continuous-wave conversion efficiency of up to −0.6 dB from S band to C band is achieved in the dispersion-engineered low-loss Si3N4 nonlinear waveguide that is back-end compatible with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor processes. The high conversion efficiency avoids the use of external optical amplifiers for signal demodulation. The converted idler is successfully received with a sensitivity penalty of less than 0.5 dB. Moreover, pre-amplifier-free multichannel wavelength conversion of over-100-Gbps coherent signals in C band is also demonstrated using the same Si3N4 nanophotonic waveguide via changing the pump wavelength, which shows good flexibility in all-optical signal processing. Additionally, wavelength conversion with a bandwidth over 100 nm can be expected by optimizing the current Si3N4 nanophotonic waveguide, which is promising for commercial coherent fiber communications and has bright prospects in various areas including optical signal processing, imaging, optical spectroscopy, and quantum optics.
Beam-steering metasurfaces assisted coherent optical wireless multichannel communication system
Authors: Tao Jin , You Quan , Yang Chao , Li Zile , Deng Liangui , Wu Mian , Luo Ming , Wu Lin , Li Chao , Liu Zichen , He Zhixue , Xiao Xi , Zheng Guoxing , Yu Shaohua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The metasurface based beam-steering devices with the advantages of large steering angles, arbitrary channels and ultra-compactness have played an important role for data allocation and exchange in the optical wireless communication. However, the current metasurface based optical wireless communication systems are mainly on intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD), which shows a relative lower transmission capacity, lower received optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and complexity of system. In this study, a bidirectional multichannel optical wireless system enabled by a polarization independent metasurface with coherent modulation and reception is designed and experimentally demonstrated, which exhibits exclusive 100 Gbps coherent optical signals to multiusers with their own wavelengths, 2 m free space distance and field of view of 20° × 20°. In addition, the proposed system can support optical broadcasting system with capacity of 900 Gbps. The demonstrated metasurface assisted optical wireless communication system merges the optical coherent communication techniques and emerging concept of metasurface, which reduces the complexity and cost of the system while contributing a high transmission capacity, opening a new avenue for high performance optical wireless communications.
(E)-2-((E)-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)but-3-en-2-ylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide C14H23N3S1
Authors: Rong Zeng , Cong Huang , Yu-Fang Wu , Da-Yong Peng , Shang-Xing Chen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
[C14H23N3S1], monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 15.1642(8) Å, b = 6.9215(3) Å, c = 15.2182(7) Å, β = 112.675(2)°, V = 1473.83(12) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0453, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1240, T = 296(2) K.
Terminal Ballistics of Stone-Tipped Atlatl Darts and Arrows: Results From Exploratory Naturalistic Experiments
Authors: Pettigrew Devin B. , Garnett Justin , Ryals-Luneberg Caden , Vance Eric A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study describes an effective protocol for naturalistic archaeological weapons experiments that improves cross-validation with controlled experiments and allows testing of multiple hypotheses. Stone-tipped atlatl darts and arrows were launched by skilled users against fresh carcasses, with high-speed cameras and radar guns capturing details of ballistic performance, impacts to bone and stone armatures, and other variables. The results pertaining to terminal ballistics in soft tissues are presented, with implications for what made ancient hunting projectiles effective and can be observed archaeologically. Fine-grained knappable stones seem to produce sharper armatures that can dramatically improve penetration, and presumably, lethality. Two commonly used metrics by archaeologists for estimating armature efficacy, tip cross-sectional area (TCSA), and perimeter (TCSP), are not among the significant variables for capturing penetration depth in soft tissues. However, armatures with larger TCSAs tend to be fitted to larger shafts that carry more energy and penetrate more deeply, providing one method for predicting wounding potential. The variability within weapon systems means that isolating efficacy to individual variables, such as tip cross-sectional size of stone armatures, can lead to erroneous interpretations.
Changes and continuities in second person address pronoun usage in Bogotá Spanish
Authors: Fernández-Mallat Víctor , Barrero David 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this article, we provide further evidence that Bogotá Spanish is transitioning from being an extensively usted-using variety into one in which tú is preferred in informal interaction by analyzing survey data through a quantitative approach, and metalinguistic commentary through a qualitative approach. Our data show that tú is mainly thought of as a productive way to convey proximity. At the same time, our data show that, despite this change in second person preference, usted and sumercé persist in familiar address, albeit at rates considerably lower than tú. Usted is particularly frequent among males in same-gender dyads because it allows them to avoid the possible connotations of effeminacy that tú may have in that specific context. Sumercé is frequently selected in addressing older relatives and individuals from the countryside because it is seen as being capable of conveying respect and affection simultaneously. Moreover, sumercé is seen as a sign of local identity capable of distinguishing Bogotá Spanish from other national varieties with vos, which is marginal in our data. Our findings are best seen through the proposal that address forms may gain specific meanings within their particular context of use, despite having more conventional meanings attached to them.
New data for endemic Phlomis brevibracteata Turrill from North Cyprus: biological activities and chemical composition
Authors: Kunter Imge , Zabib Niloufar , Göger Fatih , Koşar Müberra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Cancer chemotherapeutic treatments come with many adverse effects. Anticancer studies with natural products have been carried out to minimize these issues. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of endemic Phlomis brevibracteata Turrill against four different hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and find new natural candidates for cancer treatment.

Methods
The chemical composition of 70 % aqueous methanol extract (PBM) of P. brevibracteata was analyzed using the LC-MS/MS method. Additionally, the effect of PBM on the proliferation, motility, and oxidative state of four different HCC cell lines of SK-HEP-1, PLC/PRF/5, HuH-7, and Mahlavu have been investigated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), wound healing, and DCFH-DA assays respectively.

Results
Our results identified caffeoylquinic acids and Forsythoside B as the main chemical constituents of the PBM. A significant decrease in cell viability was recorded at certain extract concentrations. The motility of the HCC cell lines was inhibited at different levels when treated with PBM. PBM reduced basal and induced oxidative states in a concentration-dependent manner.

Conclusions
We conclude P. brevibracteata plant extract can be a potential candidate for further studies with the goal of new anticancer chemotherapeutic discovery.
Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Coatings on Magnesium Alloy: Corrosion and Biocompatibility Properties
Authors: Montazeri Arash , Ranjbar Hamghavandi Mohammad , Sadat Nezhadfard Mahla , Yeganeh Kari Ali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the present study, optimal conditions for the fabrication of chitosan (CS)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite coatings were evaluated by the pulse electrodeposition (PED) process on Mg–2wt%Zn scaffolds. The size distribution of CS, GO suspension, and CS/GO composite was evaluated using dynamic light scattering. The coatings’ microstructure and morphologies were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The Taguchi statistical method was used to optimize PED parameters, including peak current density (j), duty cycle, and GO nanosheets content (1, 2, and 3 percent by weight [wt%]). Results showed that optimal coatings were produced under the conditions of 2 wt% GO, j = 20 mA/cm2, duty cycle = 0.5, and pH = 5. The process’s time, temperature, and frequency were 20 min, 37°C, and 1,000 Hz. The biocompatibility of coatings was assessed by in vitro test. The results of cell viability and adhesion of MG63 cells on optimal coating are promising for application in bone tissue engineering.
Strategi komunikasi pemasaran UMKM Kali Jegles berbasis digital
Authors: Santoso Rudi , Fianto Achmad Yanu Alif , Yurisma Dhika Yuan 
Published: July 2023

The application of a digital-based Marketing Communication Strategy is one strategy to help MSMEs rise from the pandemic. This activity takes place in 3 initial stages starting from identification to the initial introduction of digital marketing tools. The three stages include problem identification and observation, MSME motivation, and Digital Marketing Strategy. The result of this activity is an initial design or social media-based digital marketing design. The object of the activity is the Kali Jegles Stren MSME group which is domiciled in Kediri and operates in the culinary and craft sectors. The MSME group really feels the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, but that does not mean MSMEs must continue to suffer losses even to the point of going out of business. The results of the initial design of this activity can be continued back into a larger activity scheme by providing knowledge and mastery related to Pricing Strategy, Selling Strategy, Retaining Customers, and Profit Taking Strategy.
Pelatihan partnership guru dan orang tua dalam mengembangkan model contextual teaching and learning dengan media loose parts untuk menstimulasi kreativitas anak usia dini
Authors: Halimah Leli , Yuliartiningsih Margaretha Sri , Herwati Nenden Ineu , Mirawati Mirawati , Hopiani Ayu 
Published: July 2023

Various theories and research results reveal that an effective partnership between school and family are a necessity, the key to success, and a critical factor in the academic and socio-emotional development of children. Judging from the urgency of the school-family partnership in helping the success of children's education, it is very necessary to have a comprehensive understanding on the part of both teachers and parents in its implementation. For this reason, through this community service activity, it aims to provide insight and skills, especially to early childhood teachers who are partners in the implementation of PPLSP PGPAUD UPI Campus Cibiru. The results of the activity show an increase in partnership literacy between teachers and parents regarding the nature of the importance of partnerships, types, principles, strategies and approaches to partnerships. In addition, teachers have the skills to plan partnership programs, and have a positive attitude to be even better in creating partnerships with children's parents in developing contextual teaching and learning models with loose parts media to stimulate early childhood creativity.
Evaluation of vertical mandibular asymmetry in different malocclusions- A panoramic study
Authors: Teja Prerna Hoogan , Uppal Ankita , Mittal Shruti , Verma Aashee , Aneja Gunjan , Gagain Mahak 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare mandibular asymmetry in different malocclusions, including Angle's Class I malocclusion, Angle's Class II div 1 malocclusion, Angle's Class II div 2 malocclusion, Angle's Class II subdivision and Unilateral posterior cross bite.: A total number of 150 subjects with the age range of 18-24 yrs with no signs and symptoms were selected for the study (n=30). The condylar asymmetry index (CAI), ramal asymmetry Index (RAI) and Condylar and Ranal Asymmetry Index (CRAI) for each patient was measured using panoramic radiograph. The results were analyzes using Kappa test, Dahlberg’s formula and Tukey HSD Post Hoc test. : Group IV (Angle's Class II subdivision malocclusion) had the maximum Condylar Asymmetry Index (13.07 ±12.43mm) whereas Group II (Angle's Class II div 1 malocclusion) had the minimum Condylar Asymmetry Index (7.89 ±8.71mm). Group III (Angle's Class II div 2 malocclusion) had the maximum Ramus Asymmetry Index (3.84 ± 2.54%) whereas Group II (Angle's Class II div 1 malocclusion) had the minimum Ramus Asymmetry Index (2.82 ± 1.94%). Condylar and Ramus Asymmetry Index was seen in Group IV (Angle's Class II subdivision malocclusion) (3.61 ± 2.43 mm) whereas minimum condylar and ramus asymmetry index was seen in Group V (Unilateral posterior cross bite) (2.42 ± 2.08 mm). However, no statistically significant differences were found.: No statistically significant difference was found in vertical mandibular asymmetry indices when compared in different malocclusions. No gender related statistically significant difference was found in all groups.