bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction of in-hospital non-COVID-19 pneumonia in stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ornello Raffaele , Colangeli Enrico , Ceccanti Giulia , Mammarella Leondino , Desideri Giovambattista , Sacco Simona 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Measures adopted to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 could have led to a reduction in the rate of non-COVID-19 infections. We assessed whether a similar reduction was present in patients with stroke.

Methods
We performed a hospital-based study nested in a prospective population-based registry. We compared prevalence of infections and in-hospital mortality in subjects admitted for acute stroke between the first pandemic year (study period, from March 2020 to February 2021) and the pre-pandemic year (control period, from March 2019 to February 2020). Infections were reported as pneumonia (PNA), urinary tract infections (UTI), and any infection (INF).

Results
From the control (n = 677) to the study period (n = 520), the prevalence of INF decreased from 11.5 to 4.6% (p < 0.001) and that of PNA decreased from 6.9 to 2.5% (p = 0.001). No changes in in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay were observed between the two periods.

Conclusions
The observed reduction of in-hospital pneumonias in patients with stroke was likely attributable to the use of protective measures and limitation of hospital visits. Maintaining some of those measures in the long term may contribute to control infections in hospitalized patients with stroke.
AI-Based Automated Lipomatous Tumor Segmentation in MR Images: Ensemble Solution to Heterogeneous Data
Authors: Liu Chih-Chieh , Abdelhafez Yasser G. , Yap S. Paran , Acquafredda Francesco , Schirò Silvia , Wong Andrew L. , Sarohia Dani , Bateni Cyrus , Darrow Morgan A. , Guindani Michele , Lee Sonia , Zhang Michelle , Moawad Ahmed W. , Ng Quinn Kwan-Tai , Shere Layla , Elsayes Khaled M. , Maroldi Roberto , Link Thomas M. , Nardo Lorenzo , Qi Jinyi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeep learning (DL) has been proposed to automate image segmentation and provide accuracy, consistency, and efficiency. Accurate segmentation of lipomatous tumors (LTs) is critical for correct tumor radiomics analysis and localization. The major challenge of this task is data heterogeneity, including tumor morphological characteristics and multicenter scanning protocols. To mitigate the issue, we aimed to develop a DL-based Super Learner (SL) ensemble framework with different data correction and normalization methods. Pathologically proven LTs on pre-operative T1-weighted/proton-density MR images of 185 patients were manually segmented. The LTs were categorized by tumor locations as distal upper limb (DUL), distal lower limb (DLL), proximal upper limb (PUL), proximal lower limb (PLL), or Trunk (T) and grouped by 80%/9%/11% for training, validation and testing. Six configurations of correction/normalization were applied to data for fivefold-cross-validation trainings, resulting in 30 base learners (BLs). A SL was obtained from the BLs by optimizing SL weights. The performance was evaluated by dice-similarity-coefficient (DSC), sensitivity, specificity, and Hausdorff distance (HD95). For predictions of the BLs, the average DSC, sensitivity, and specificity from the testing data were 0.72 $$\pm$$
±
0.16, 0.73 $$\pm$$
±
0.168, and 0.99 $$\pm$$
±
0.012, respectively, while for SL predictions were 0.80 $$\pm$$
±
0.184, 0.78 $$\pm$$
±
0.193, and 1.00 $$\pm$$
±
0.010. The average HD95 of the BLs were 11.5 (DUL), 23.2 (DLL), 25.9 (PUL), 32.1 (PLL), and 47.9 (T) mm, whereas of SL were 1.7, 8.4, 15.9, 2.2, and 36.6 mm, respectively. The proposed method could improve the segmentation accuracy and mitigate the performance instability and data heterogeneity aiding the differential diagnosis of LTs in real clinical situations.
The Development and Validation of the Pornography Use in Romantic Relationships Scale
Authors: Lawless Nicholas J. , Karantzas Gery C. , Knox Laura 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecent reviews of the pornography literature have called for the development of valid and reliable measures that assess multiple facets of pornography use. Moreover, despite pornography use having important implications for romantic relationships, there are currently no self-report assessments of pornography use specifically within the context of romantic relationships. To address these limitations, the current paper reports on two studies regarding the development and psychometric evaluation of a 38-item multidimensional measure of pornography use within the context of romantic relationships: the Pornography Use in Romantic Relationships Scale (PURRS). Study 1 (n = 739) reports on an Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analytic approach to determine the factor structure of the PURRS. Study 2 (n = 765) reports on the cross-validation of the factor structure of the PURRS, before assessing the criterion validity of the measure. The PURRS exhibited good internal consistency, construct validity, and criterion validity. The findings suggest that the PURRS is best modeled by 13 first-order factors, though a higher-order factor structure comprising four broad factors may also be used. The PURRS significantly extends on past assessments of pornography use, and in particular, advances the assessment and study of pornography use within the context of romantic relationships.
Students’ voices of inclusion in mathematics education
Authors: Roos Helena 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study foregrounds three students who are regarded by their teachers as being in special educational needs in mathematics (SEM) and these same students voicing what inclusion in mathematics education means to them. In this study, inclusion is defined as processes of participation. Discourse analysis was applied when analysing these students’ voices of inclusion in mathematics education in two inclusive mathematics classrooms, with both classes aiming to include every student in the mathematics education. The three main Discourses which were identified were the Discourse of assessment, the Discourse of being in a mathematics classroom setting, and the Discourse of accessibility in mathematics education. The analysis of the Discourses indicates that they were affected by wider sociopolitical discourses. Furthermore, when inclusion is regarded as processes of participation in mathematics education, the results indicate that participation becomes more complex. Therefore, in this process, both ideological and societal issues, as well as individual and subject-specific issues, must be considered in the educational endeavour.
Metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cu, and Zn) in three fish species from a dam after a mine-tailing spill: differential bioaccumulation and potential health risk
Authors: Páez-Osuna F. , Bergés-Tiznado M. E. , Valencia-Castañeda G. , Fregoso-López M. G. , León-Cañedo J. A. , Fierro-Sañudo J. F. , Ramírez-Rochín J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe failure of a tailings dam occurred in January 2013 at the Santa María de Otáez mining region (Mexico) released a spill (~ 300,000 m3) on Los Remedios River, which was transported through the San Lorenzo River, and finally to El Comedero (EC) dam. The concentrations of metal(loid)s in the muscle, liver, gills, and guts of three fish species (Cyprinus carpio, Oreochromis aureus, Micropterus salmoides) collected from EC dam were examined twenty months later to assess the performance of the cleaning operations. The bioaccumulation patterns of the metal(loid)s in the tissues were different in the three fish species. Tilapia had the highest Cd (11.23 ± 8.53 µg g−1) and Cu (871 ± 1261 µg g−1) concentrations in the liver, as well as As concentration (83.6 ± 61.7 µg g−1) in the gut, while the highest Zn concentration (745 ± 356 µg g−1) was measured in the gills of the carp. Such variability can be caused by the variant bioavailability of the metal(loid)s and by the feeding habits of each species; and also by the fact that some metals are essential and better regulated by organisms than other non-essential. Compared to a study of tilapia carried out 90 days after mine spill, a decrease was evident in the liver for As, Cd, Cu, and Zn by 129, 5, 10, and 1.7 times, respectively. This revealed that cleaning operations were more efficient for As. The target hazard quotient and the hazard index were < 1, which indicates there will be no risk of consuming muscle in moderated rations of the three fish species.
Contribution of central sleep apnea to severe sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome
Authors: Zhang Guoxin , Zhao Xiaoyun , Zhao Fang , Tan Jin , Zhang Qiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Central sleep apnea (CSA) is usually distinguished from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In fact, CSA is often a component of severe sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (SAHS), rather than occurring alone. We investigated the clinical characteristics and polysomnography (PSG) parameters of CSA components in patients with severe SAHS.

Methods
The clinical characteristics and PSG parameters were retrospectively analyzed.

Results
Pure or dominant CSA was rare (5% of all patients). Of all patients with CSA, 72% also exhibited other apnea subtypes that contributed to severe SAHS. Among patients with severe SAHS, those with CSA were more likely than others to be older; thinner; exhibit higher prevalences of comorbid coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, and heart failure; a higher apnea/hypopnea index (AHI); mixed apnea index (MAI); an elevated oxygen desaturation index (ODI); and more nighttime oxygen saturation levels < 90%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, comorbid arrhythmia or heart failure, and an elevated ODI were independently associated with CSA.

Conclusion
Patients who complain of snoring or apnea may be better evaluated by comprehensive PSG prior to treatment if they are old, show greater hypoxia, or suffer from arrhythmia and/or heart failure, because such patients are more likely than others to exhibit CSA.
Clinical phenotypes of obstructive sleep apnea: a cluster analysis based on sleep perception and sleep quality
Authors: Wei Huasheng , Zhu Jie , Lei Fei , Luo Lian , Zhang Ye , Ren Rong , Li Taomei , Tan Lu , Tang Xiangdong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To determine obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) phenotypes using cluster analysis including variables of sleep perception and sleep quality and to further explore factors correlated with poor sleep quality in different clusters.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients with OSA undergoing polysomnography (PSG) between December 2020 and April 2022. Two-step cluster analysis was performed to detect distinct clusters using sleep perception variables including discrepancy in total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), and wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO); objective TST, SOL, and WASO; and sleep quality. One-way analysis of variance or chi-squared tests were used to compare clinical and PSG characteristics between clusters. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to explore factors correlated with poor sleep quality.

Results
A total of 1118 patients were included (81.6% men) with mean age ± SD 43.3 ± 13.1 years, Epworth sleepiness score, 5.7 ± 4.4, and insomnia severity index 3.0 ± 2.4. Five distinct OSA clusters were identified: cluster 1 (n = 254), underestimated TST; cluster 2 (n = 158), overestimated TST; cluster 3 (n = 169), overestimated SOL; cluster 4 (n = 155), normal sleep discrepancy and poor sleep quality; and cluster 5 (n = 382), normal sleep discrepancy and good sleep quality. Patients in cluster 2 were older, more commonly had hypertension, and had the lowest apnea–hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index. Age and sleep efficiency were correlated with poor sleep quality in clusters 1, 2, and 5, and also AHI in cluster 2.

Conclusion
Subgroups of patients with OSA have different patterns of sleep perception and quality that may help us to further understand the characteristics of sleep perception in OSA and provide clues for personalized treatment.
Remission of insomnia in older adults treated with cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) reduces p16INK4a gene expression in peripheral blood: secondary outcome analysis from a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Carroll Judith E. , Olmstead Richard , Cole Steve W. , Breen Elizabeth C. , Arevalo Jesusa M. , Irwin Michael R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLate life insomnia may increase risk for accelerated biological aging. Intervening to treat insomnia may provide protection from biological aging by reducing the prevalence of senescent cells in the immune system, as indicated by gene expression of a marker of cellular senescence, p16INK4a. In the present study, we determine whether treatment of insomnia in older adults with cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) would reduce p16INK4a gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), compared to a sleep education therapy (SET), an active comparator condition. Secondly, we investigate the relationship between sustained insomnia remission and reduced expression of p16INK4a. Participants 60 + years old with insomnia were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial and assigned to CBT-I or SET. Analyses of 231 older adults (CBT-I = 119; SET = 112) examine baseline, post (2 months), and 24 months gene expression of p16INK4a. Compared to baseline, expression of p16INK4a increased in the SET group over 24 months (P = 0.03), but showed no change in the CBT-I group. Those who received CBT-I and experienced sustained remission of insomnia had a significant decline in p16INK4a expression by 24 months compared to baseline (P = 0.02). Individuals not sustaining remission of insomnia exhibited overall increase expression of p16INK4a by 24 months (P = 0.03). In older adults with insomnia, p16INK4a increases over 24 months, while CBT-I treatment of insomnia mitigates the increase in p16INK4a. Further, sustained remission of insomnia using CBT-I leads to a decrease in p16INK4a. These results suggest that behavioral interventions that are effective at treating insomnia might reduce the population of senescent cells in circulating blood.
A Rigidity Result for the Robin Torsion Problem
Authors: Masiello Alba Lia , Paoli Gloria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLet$$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^2$$Ω⊂R2be an open, bounded and Lipschitz set. We consider the torsion problem for the Laplace operator associated to$$\Omega $$Ωwith Robin boundary conditions. In this setting, we study the equality case in the Talenti-type comparison, proved in Alvino et al. (Commun Pure Appl Math 76:585–603, 2023).. We prove that the equality is achieved only if$$\Omega $$Ωis a disk and the torsion functionuis radial.
On the Curvature of the Bismut Connection: Bismut–Yamabe Problem and Calabi–Yau with Torsion Metrics
Authors: Barbaro Giuseppe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study two natural problems concerning the scalar and the Ricci curvatures of the Bismut connection. Firstly, we study an analog of the Yamabe problem for Hermitian manifolds related to the Bismut scalar curvature, proving that, fixed a conformal Hermitian structure on a compact complex manifold, there exists a metric with constant Bismut scalar curvature in that class when the expected constant scalar curvature is non-negative. A similar result is given in the general case of Gauduchon connections. We then study an Einstein-type condition for the Bismut Ricci curvature tensor on principal bundles over Hermitian manifolds with complex tori as fibers. Thanks to this analysis, we construct explicit examples of Calabi–Yau with torsion Hermitian structures and prove a uniqueness result for them.
Exotic Calderón–Zygmund Operators
Authors: Hytönen Tuomas , Li Kangwei , Martikainen Henri , Vuorinen Emil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study singular integral operators with kernels that are more singular than standard Calderón–Zygmund kernels, but less singular than bi-parameter product Calderón–Zygmund kernels. These kernels arise as restrictions to two dimensions of certain three-dimensional kernels adapted to so-called Zygmund dilations, which is part of our motivation for studying these objects. We make the case that such kernels can, in many ways, be seen as part of the extended realm of standard kernels by proving that they satisfy both aT1 theorem and commutator estimates in a form reminiscent of the corresponding results for standard Calderón–Zygmund kernels. However, we show that one-parameter weighted estimates, in general, fail.
Translating Solitons Over Cartan–Hadamard Manifolds
Authors: Casteras Jean-Baptiste , Heinonen Esko , Holopainen Ilkka , De Lira Jorge H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe prove existence results for entire graphical translators of the mean curvature flow (the so-called bowl solitons) on Cartan–Hadamard manifolds. We show that the asymptotic behavior of entire solitons depends heavily on the curvature of the manifold, and that there exist also bounded solutions if the curvature goes to minus infinity fast enough. Moreover, it is even possible to solve the asymptotic Dirichlet problem under certain conditions.
Erotic capital and its role in the assessment of candidates and employees: scale development and validation
Authors: Wojtaszczyk Katarzyna , Syper-Jędrzejak Marzena 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInspired by the concept of erotic capital, we claim that candidates’ and employees’ erotic capital is one of the factors that may influence on the decisions related to human resources management. Hakim’s concept is however criticized for being too extensive, too incoherent and lacking empirical studies to support it. Therefore, we have conducted empirical studies. They aimed at validating the construct of erotic capital in the context of its role in the assessment of another person, assessment that is intrinsic to HR decision-making. An additional goal was to develop a tool (questionnaire) for estimating the impact of the candidate's/employee's erotic capital on decisions being made concerning recruitment and appraisal in the organization.Research was split into 3 stages. Stage one consisted of studying the literature. At the second stage, we proceeded with the assessment of content and face validity of the research tool. Within the third stage of the research, the construct was subject to theoretical validity check. Validation proved that the obtained model of erotic capital fulfilled the requirements of: reliability, validity (divergent and predictive) and unidimensionality.
International Collaboration in Latin American Psychology Through the Analysis of Co-authorship Networks
Authors: López-López Wilson , Lucio-Arias Diana , Díaz-Nova Angie M. , Silva Luis M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
More than half of a century has passed since a paradigmatic change in the scientific endeavour took place: from science that advanced through the discursive interchange of geographically dispersed research findings and reflections, to highly interconnected and collaborative efforts that transcend borders (Wagner & Leydesdorff, 2005, Research Policy, 34:1608–1618). These new “invisible colleges” have been recognized since the end of the twentieth century as the network structures that emerge from co-authorships in scientific publications. These network structures that also inspire further production of knowledge, diffusion of concepts, methodologies and theories, circulation of scientific metaphors, and, above all, knowledge transfer, transformation, and appropriation. The expected impact of scientific collaboration on the consolidation of national capabilities for producing and absorbing scientific knowledge has resulted in the implementation of diverse instruments that aim at encouraging collaboration, particularly among peers from different countries. Psychology has also seen this increased international collaboration, and to evaluate its impact, we used bibliometric techniques on Latin American articles published between 2016 and 2020 in journals indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) under the subject categories related to psychology, to explore the characteristics and conditions of scientific collaboration in this corpus.
Photoprotection in occupational dermatology
Authors: Symanzik Cara , Ludewig Michaela , Rocholl Marc , John Swen Malte 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSkin cancer has become a substantial matter of public health and in the workplace, accounting for a significant share of all reported occupational diseases. The most important external factor in the development of skin cancer is exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. Outdoor workers have already been identified as a high-risk category. The need for interventions to improve the sun protection behavior of outdoor workers has recently been understood. Outdoor workers' risk perceptions and attitudes toward sun protection methods are likely to influence practical sun protection behavior at work, and despite the fact that many workers have expressed interest in improving their sun protection behavior, outdoor workers' unique needs are still neglected. Occupational dermatology is predicted to become more concerned with photoprotection in the decades ahead. Preventive action against the rapidly increasing number skin cancer cases is in great demand around the globe. In terms of preventive measures, the full range of available options should be used as needed to address the current difficulties in a goal-oriented way. This will almost certainly only be achievable if preventative efforts on a collective and individual level are successfully paired with support from policymakers to inspire long-term change.
Telling Propaganda from Legitimate Political Persuasion
Authors: Godber Amelia , Origgi Gloria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHow does propaganda differ from the legitimate persuasive practices that animate a healthy democracy? The question is especially salient as digital technologies facilitate new modes of political persuasion and the public square saturates with information factual and fabricated alike. In answer, we propose a typology based on the rhetorical strategies that propaganda and its legitimate counterpart each employ. We argue that the point of contrast between the phenomena turns on two key features: whether the rhetorical strategy sufficiently engages our deliberative capacities, and whether it runs counter to our epistemic interests. While in practice the boundary between the concepts is not always sharp, the account identifies a set of conceptual tools that help better frame and come to grips with propaganda and legitimate political persuasion in an information-dense and increasingly complex media landscape.
Building pasta's empire: Barilla in Italian East Africa
Authors: Garvin Diana 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the role that Italian food companies like Barilla pasta played in creating narratives of East African empire at the apex of the Fascist ventennio. It aims to use the commercial remnants of Fascist empire to provide a more thorough accounting of how colonialism shaped the modern cultural history of Italian pasta. To do so, I analyze the paper ephemera, that is, the pasta advertisements and packaging, that connected occupied East Africa to Italy, demonstrating how regime projects to promote grain evolved into corporate projects in private industry. I argue that these two stories form a single cohesive narrative, one that can unite much of the excellent work that has been done on Fascist agriculture in empire with the transnational history of Italian food companies. East African empire, as depicted by Italian pasta shapes and advertisements, was consumable. At stake in this inquiry lies the shifting question of Italian national identity, framed by food products in global contexts.