bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabatic quantum annealing for the frustrated ring model
Authors: Côté Jeremy , Sauvage Frédéric , Larocca Martín , Jonsson Matías , Cincio Lukasz , Albash Tameem 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Quantum annealing (QA) is a continuous-time heuristic quantum algorithm for solving or approximately solving classical optimization problems. The algorithm uses a schedule to interpolate between a driver Hamiltonian with an easy-to-prepare ground state and a problem Hamiltonian whose ground state encodes solutions to an optimization problem. The standard implementation relies on the evolution being adiabatic: keeping the system in the instantaneous ground state with high probability and requiring a time scale inversely related to the minimum energy gap between the instantaneous ground and excited states. However, adiabatic evolution can lead to evolution times that scale exponentially with the system size, even for computationally simple problems. Here, we study whether non-adiabatic evolutions with optimized annealing schedules can bypass this exponential slowdown for one such class of problems called the frustrated ring model. For sufficiently optimized annealing schedules and system sizes of up to 39 qubits, we provide numerical evidence that we can avoid the exponential slowdown. Our work highlights the potential of highly-controllable QA to circumvent bottlenecks associated with the standard implementation of QA.
Characterization, preparation, and reuse of metallic powders for laser powder bed fusion: a review
Authors: Sun Xiaoyu , Chen Minan , Liu Tingting , Zhang Kai , Wei Huiliang , Zhu Zhiguang , Liao Wenhe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has attracted significant attention in both the industry and academic fields since its inception, providing unprecedented advantages to fabricate complex-shaped metallic components. The printing quality and performance of L-PBF alloys are influenced by numerous variables consisting of feedstock powders, manufacturing process, and post-treatment. As the starting materials, metallic powders play a critical role in influencing the fabrication cost, printing consistency, and properties. Given their deterministic roles, the present review aims to retrospect the recent progress on metallic powders for L-PBF including characterization, preparation, and reuse. The powder characterization mainly serves for printing consistency while powder preparation and reuse are introduced to reduce the fabrication costs. Various powder characterization and preparation methods are presented in the beginning by analyzing the measurement principles, advantages, and limitations. Subsequently, the effect of powder reuse on the powder characteristics and mechanical performance of L-PBF parts is analyzed, focusing on steels, nickel-based superalloys, titanium and titanium alloys, and aluminum alloys. The evolution trends of powders and L-PBF parts vary depending on specific alloy systems, which makes the proposal of a unified reuse protocol infeasible. Finally, perspectives are presented to cater to the increased applications of L-PBF technologies for future investigations. The present state-of-the-art work can pave the way for the broad industrial applications of L-PBF by enhancing printing consistency and reducing the total costs from the perspective of powders.
Multi-objective parameter optimization for four-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine with soyabean oil blends using NSGA-II
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Kumar Dhingra Ashwani , Chhabra Deepak , Chhikara Ashish 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Due to the continuous scarcity of petroleum and related products, there is a greater need for alternative product to petroleum derivatives. The current work investigates the factors influencing the output characteristics of a single-cylinder four-stroke compression ignition engine by utilizing different combinations of blends of soybean biodiesel and fossil diesel, by weight/weight. The experiments have been conducted using the Response Surface Method based on full factorial CCRD and NSGA-II. Mathematical models for BSFC (brake-specific fuel consumption), BTE (brake thermal efficiency), and emission (CO, NOx, and unburned HC) have been proposed using regression equations for optimizing the combustion characteristics (brake-specific fuel consumption), performance characteristics (brake thermal efficiency), and emission parameters (CO, NOx, HC) in NSGA II. A multi-objective optimization problem is created since this investigation aims to minimize BSFC, CO, NOx, and HC and maximize BTE. This research evaluated five optimum combinations of BSFC, BTE, NOx, CO, and HC at variable input factors’ blending ratio and load, and their conformity was checked. It is observed that at a blending ratio of 25.03, the engine performance and emission give better results. At a blending ratio of 25.03% w/w and load 2.08 kW, the brake thermal efficiency is 24.96%, and emission parameters are NOx 52.56 ppm, CO 0.08%, and hydrocarbon 18.11 ppm.
Decreased frontal lobe complexity in left-behind children during joint attention: a fNIRS study with multivariable and multiscale sample entropy analysis
Authors: Ding Keya , Wang Hongan , Li Chuanjiang , Li Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Human brain development is shaped by experiences, especially during preschool, the critical period for cognitive and socioemotional development. This study employed the functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy technique to explore the neural differences between left-behind children (LBC) and non-left-behind children (NLBC) on joint attention. Through collecting brain image data of 50 children (26 boys, aged 65.08 ± 6.28 months) and conducting multivariable and multiscale sample entropy (MMSE) analysis, the present study found that: (i) LBC showed lower brain complexity than NLBC in right prefrontal cortex; (ii) all participants demonstrated higher brain complexity in responding to joint attention conditions, compared to initiating joint attention ones; (iii) their brain complexity during joint attention was negatively associated with their emotional abilities. The findings advance our understanding of early brain development in LBC by providing evidence for the neural process characteristics of joint attention. Implications for early intervention to promote their brain development are also addressed.
A deep learning system for retinal vessel calibre improves cardiovascular risk prediction in Asians with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Lim Cynthia Ciwei , Chong Crystal , Tan Gavin , Tan Chieh Suai , Cheung Carol Y , Wong Tien Y , Cheng Ching Yu , Sabanayagam Charumathi 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Backgraund
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality is elevated in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Retinal vessel calibre in retinal photographs is associated with cardiovascular risk and automated measurements may aid CVD risk prediction.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of 860 Chinese, Malay and Indian participants aged 40–80 years with CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m2] who attended the baseline visit (2004–2011) of the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study. Retinal vessel calibre measurements were obtained by a deep learning system (DLS). Incident CVD [non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, and death due to MI, stroke and other CVD] in those who were free of CVD at baseline was ascertained until 31 December 2019. Risk factors (established, kidney, and retinal features) were examined using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Model performance was assessed for discrimination, fit, and net reclassification improvement (NRI).

Results
Incident CVD occurred in 289 (33.6%) over mean follow-up of 9.3 (4.3) years. After adjusting for established cardiovascular risk factors, eGFR [adjusted HR 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97–0.99)] and retinal arteriolar narrowing [adjusted HR 1.40 (95% CI: 1.17–1.68)], but not venular dilation, were independent predictors for CVD in CKD. The addition of eGFR and retinal features to established cardiovascular risk factors improved model discrimination with significantly better fit and better risk prediction according to the low (&lt;15%), intermediate (15–29.9%), and high (30% or more) risk categories (NRI 5.8%), and with higher risk thresholds (NRI 12.7%).

Conclusions
Retinal vessel calibre measurements by DLS were significantly associated with incident CVD independent of established CVD risk factors. Addition of kidney function and retinal vessel calibre parameters may improve CVD risk prediction among Asians with CKD.
CsTT8 regulates anthocyanin accumulation in blood orange through alternative splicing transcription
Authors: Wang Jianhui , Xu Rui , Qiu Shuangping , Wang Weichun , Zheng Fan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A homologous gene of basic-helix–loop–helix AtTT8 in Arabidopsis thaliana was identified in juice sac cells of pulp tissues from blood orange (Citrus sinensis cv ‘Tarocco’), which was designated as CsTT8 in this study. Additionally, the mRNA levels of TT8 with the full-length open reading frame were significantly higher in ‘Tarocco’ than in mutant fruit lacking pigment in pulp or peel tissues. However, an alternative splicing transcript, Δ15-TT8, with the fourth exon skipped, was also identified from transcripts different in length from that in ‘Tarocco’. The mRNA levels of Δ15-TT8 were higher in mutant fruit lacking pigment in pulp or peel tissues than in the wild type. Therefore, the TT8/Δ15-TT8 mRNA level ratio was found to be crucial for sufficient pigment in either pulp or peel tissues. TT8 from blood orange fruit demonstrated the capacity for nucleus localization and binding to other proteins. In contrast, Δ15-TT8, lacking the fourth exon, lost its ability to interact with RUBY1 and to localize at the nucleus. Using a dual luciferase reporter assay and transient overexpression in tobacco, we proved that two regulatory complexes formed by a functional TT8 with different MYB(v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog)-type partners significantly promoted expression of an anthocyanin biosynthetic gene and a proton pumping gene, leading to anthocyanin and citrate production. Our findings suggest that TT8, rather than dysfunctional Δ15-TT8, is possibly involved in modulating anthocyanin biosynthesis and its transport into vacuoles by proton gradients. However, increased mRNA levels of the dysfunctional alternative splicing transcript may act as a negative feedback to downregulate TT8 expression and limit anthocyanin accumulation in blood oranges.
Macrophage-expressed SRA ameliorates alcohol-induced liver injury by suppressing S-glutathionylation of Notch1 via recruiting thioredoxin
Authors: Li Lei , Luo Jialiang , Zhu Zhengyumeng , Wang Ping , Xu Qishan , Chang Bo , Wang Di , Yu Lu , Lu Xiao , Zhou Jia , Chen Qingyun , Zuo Daming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Scavenger receptor A (SRA) is preferentially expressed in macrophages and implicated as a multifunctional pattern recognition receptor for innate immunity. Hepatic macrophages play a primary role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. Herein, we observed that SRA expression was significantly increased in the liver tissues of mice with alcohol-related liver injury. SRA-deficient (SRA−/−) mice developed more severe alcohol-induced liver disease than wild-type mice. Enhanced liver inflammation existed in alcohol-challenged SRA−/− mice and was associated with increased Notch activation in hepatic macrophages compared with wild-type control animals. Mechanistically, SRA directly bound with Notch1 and suppressed its S-glutathionylation, thereby inhibiting Notch pathway activation. Further, we determined that the SRA interacted with thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1), a redox-active protein. SRA inhibited Trx-1 dimerization and facilitated the interaction of Trx-1 with Notch1. Application of a Trx-1-specific inhibitory agent during macrophage stimulation abolished SRA-mediated regulation of the Notch pathway and its downstream targets. In summary, our study revealed that SRA plays a critical role in macrophage inflammatory response by targeting Notch1 for its glutathionylation. SRA-mediated negative regulation of Notch activation might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for alcohol-induced liver injury.
Safety of Single High-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B for Induction Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis and Histoplasmosis in People With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kang HeeEun , Uy John P , Ho Caroline C , Blunt Heather B , Riblet Natalie B , Pasqualotto Alessandro C , Murphy Richard A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Evidence for efficacy of single, high-dose liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis and histoplasmosis is growing. No systematic review has examined the safety of this regimen across multiple studies.

Methods
We systematically searched Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from inception to April 2023 for studies reporting grade 3 and 4 adverse events (AEs) with single high-dose LAmB vs traditional amphotericin regimens for HIV-associated fungal infections.

Results
Three trials (n = 946) were included. Compared with traditional regimens, single high-dose LAmB was associated with equivalent risk of grade 3 and 4 AEs (risk ratio [RR], 0.75; 95% CI, 0.53–1.06) and lower overall risk of grade 4 AEs (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55–0.86), grade 4 renal (RR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.20–0.94) and grade 4 hematological AEs (RR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.32–0.65).

Conclusions
Single, high-dose LAmB is associated with a lower risk of life-threatening AEs compared with other World Health Organization–endorsed amphotericin B–based regimens in invasive HIV–related fungal infection.
“Meeting Patients Where They're at”: Clinician Perspectives on Integration of Family Planning Services into Office-Based Addiction Treatment
Authors: Lee Eung-Mi , O'Connor Sarah K. , Pancholi Rushina , White Katharine O. , Woodhams Elisabeth , Patton Elizabeth W. 
Published: September 2023

Objectives
To study clinician perspectives on the feasibility of incorporating family planning services within office-based addiction treatment (OBAT) clinics. We sought to understand the unique facilitators of and barriers to the integration of contraceptive services within the OBAT model with a goal to support the design and implementation of a program tailored to meet the reproductive health needs of patients with substance use disorder.

Methods
After obtaining institutional review board approval, we conducted qualitative semistructured interviews with OBAT clinicians (registered nurses, advanced practice registered nurses, and physicians) at a tertiary-care safety-net hospital. Interview transcripts were analyzed using deductive codes utilizing key components of the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services and Ottawa Decision Support Frameworks.

Results
We analyzed 20 interviews. Our data noted 3 major themes: (1) evidence to support integration of family planning and OBAT, (2) inherent strengths and facilitative factors of the OBAT model, and (3) barriers and challenges of the OBAT model influencing successful integration. Strengths included the destigmatizing and trust-building OBAT approach to care, common use of patient-centered counseling, and providers' nuanced understanding of substance use disorder–specific impacts on reproductive health. Barriers included time constraints, balancing urgent patient recovery needs, the desire for additional contraception provision training, and concern for potential contraceptive coercion.

Conclusions
Office-based addiction treatment clinics have inherent strengths that may make it a beneficial location for integrated family planning services. Future research should elicit patient perspectives to ensure the implementation of a family planning program in OBAT that supports patients' reproductive goals while avoiding stigma or reproductive coercion.
Medical Device Testing: Methods, Significance, and Clinical Applications
Authors: Solmos Susan , Gefen Amit , Black Joyce , Orlov Aleksei , Belo Orel , Cuddigan Janet 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

GENERAL PURPOSE
To present a study conducting objective biomechanical testing of medical devices known to cause medical device-related pressure injuries (MDRPIs) in critically ill adults and comparing those results with clinical outcomes associated with each device.

TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:
1. Explain the results of the study of the relationships between objective biomechanical tests of medical devices and clinical outcomes that help inform clinicians using these devices.
2. Synthesize the background information that informed the study.

OBJECTIVE
To conduct bioengineering testing of devices that cause medical device-related pressure injuries (MDRPIs) in critically ill adults and compare testing results to the MDRPI clinical outcomes associated with each device.

METHODS
Following the identification of MDRPI from oxygen-delivery devices and nasogastric tubes in critically ill adults who were hospitalized between January 2016 and October 2022, the specific manufacturer and model number of the devices were identified. Twelve devices and two prophylactic dressings in original packaging were sent to a bioengineering laboratory for testing. Using an integrated experimental-computational approach, the compressive elastic moduli (E [MPa]) was measured for each device and prophylactic dressing and compared with the properties of normal adult skin. The authors hypothesized that devices with greater mechanical stiffness (ie, higher E [MPa]) would be associated with a greater number and severity of MDRPIs.

RESULTS
Researchers identified 68 patients with 88 MDRPIs. All PI stages except stage 4 were represented. Nasogastric tubes had the highest mechanical stiffness and were the most common MDRPI identified. In contrast, no soft nasal cannula MDRPIs were reported. Devices associated with the highest number of MDRPIs also had the highest E [MPa] values; researchers noted a moderate association between E [MPa] values and pressure injury severity. Prophylactic dressings had E [MPa] values within the range of normal adult skin.

CONCLUSION
The relative mechanical stiffness of a device is an important factor in MDRPI etiology. However, factors such as duration of device use, tightness when securing devices, correct fit, and heat and humidity under devices should be considered in predicting MDRPI severity.
Healthcare-Associated Infections and the Hospital Bed
Authors: Call Evan , Call Kasey J. , Oberg Craig , Capunay Cassidee , Clark Daniel N. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Bedframes are a potential source of bacterial contamination, fomites, and healthcare-associated infections for patients with active skin wounds and other underlying conditions. Bedframes also differ in their design, materials, texture, and ease of disassembly for cleaning. In this study, the authors evaluated five hospital bedframes in terms of retained soil and ease of cleaning as rated by volunteers.

METHODS
Hospital mattresses were placed on five different bedframes and soiled with mock bodily fluids containing Geobacillus stearothermophilus endospores as an indicator organism for contamination. In a second set of experiments, volunteers evaluated the bedframes for ease of cleaning; fewer than 30% of the volunteers had experience cleaning in hospitals or had previously received infection-control training. Questionnaires evaluated subjective measures such as ease of cleaning and texture.

RESULTS
Researchers observed a strong correlation between the initial amount of soil retained, the most probable number calculations of endospore counts, and the number of washes to reach extinction (no detectable endospores). Although volunteers’ rankings for ease of cleaning were independent of the amount of soil retained, their rankings correlated with the actual washes to reach undetectable limits and bedframe materials that were perceived as harder to clean.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates the importance of both bedframe design and user cleaning experience in reducing bedframes as a source of healthcare-associated infections.
Short- and Long-term Outcomes of an Acellular Dermal Substitute versus Standard of Care in Burns and Reconstructions: A Phase I/II Intrapatient Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gardien Kim L. M. , Pijpe Anouk , Brouwer Katrien M. , Stoop Matthea , Singh Simarjeet K. , Timmermans Floyd W. , Vlig Marcel , van Zuijlen Paul P. M. , Middelkoop Esther 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Dermal substitutes promote dermal regeneration and improve scar quality, but knowledge gaps remain regarding their efficacy and indications for use. The authors investigated the safety and short- and long-term efficacy of an acellular dermal substitute in patients with full-thickness wounds.

METHODS
This intrapatient randomized controlled, open-label, phase I (safety) and phase II (efficacy) study compared treatment with Novomaix (Matricel GmbH), a dermal collagen/elastin-based scaffold, with split-thickness skin graft (STSG) only. The primary safety outcome was graft take at 5 to 7 days postsurgery. Postsurgical scar quality was assessed by measuring elasticity, color, and scores on the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale at 3 months, 12 months, and 6 years.

RESULTS
Twenty-five patients were included, of which 24 received treatment allocation. Graft take and wound healing were statistically significantly lower/delayed in the dermal matrix group compared with STSG alone (P < .004). Serious adverse events were delayed epithelialization in four dermal matrix and three STSG study areas. At 12 months postsurgery, skin extension (P = .034) and elasticity (P = .036) were better for the dermal matrix group compared with the group receiving STSG alone. Other scar quality parameters at 12 months and 6 years did not differ between treatment arms.

CONCLUSIONS
The dermal substitute was a safe treatment modality for full-thickness wounds. Compared with STSG alone, time to wound healing was slightly increased. Nevertheless, scar quality at 12 months seemed somewhat improved in the wounds treated with the dermal substitute, indicative of enhanced scar maturation. In the long term, final scar quality was similar for both treatment modalities.
Enrichment strategies for clinical trials targeting skin fibrosis and interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Herrick Ariane L. , Denton Christopher P. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose of review
This review gives an update on enrichment strategies for clinical trials in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) in two contexts – skin fibrosis in early diffuse cutaneous disease, and SSc-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) – focusing on reports from the last 18 months. Lessons have been learnt from recent studies, making this review timely.

Recent findings
Recent trials have highlighted how patients included into trials must be carefully selected to include ‘progressors’, that is, those most likely to benefit from treatment, and how drug mechanism action of action will influence trial design. For skin fibrosis, current enrichment strategies are mainly on clinical grounds (including disease duration, extent of skin thickening, tendon friction rubs and anti-RNA polymerase III positivity). Gene expression signatures may play a role in the future. For ILD, current enrichment strategies (degree of lung involvement as assessed by pulmonary function and high-resolution computed tomography) may help to recruit the most informative patients, but should avoid being too stringent to be feasible or for findings to be generalizable.

Summary
Both skin fibrosis and ILD trials are challenging in SSc. Ongoing work on enrichment strategies should help to differentiate effective new treatments from placebo with smaller sample sizes than have been included in recent studies.