bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unspecific Evidence and Normative Theories of Decision
Authors: Borchert Rhys 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The nature of evidence is a problem for epistemology, but I argue that this problem intersects with normative decision theory in a way that I think is underappreciated. Among some decision theorists, there is a presumption that one can always ignore the nature of evidence while theorizing about principles of rational choice. In slogan form: decision theory only cares about the credences agents actually have, not the credences they should have. I argue against this presumption. In particular, I argue that if evidence can be unspecific, then an alleged counterexample to causal decision theory fails. This implies that what theory of decision we think is true may depend on our opinions regarding the nature of evidence. Even when we are theorizing about subjective theories of rationality, we cannot set aside questions about the objective nature of evidence.
A bronchoscopy-associated pseudo-outbreak of Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium mucogenicum associated with contaminated ice machine water and ice
Authors: Engers Drew W. , Swarup Rajeev , Morrin Cheryl , Blauw Mica , Selfridge Miles , Gonyon Pierre , Stout Janet E. , Malani Anurag N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA pseudo-outbreak of bronchoscopy-associated Mycobacterium chelonae and M. mucogenicum was traced to contaminated ice machine water and ice. A nonsterile ice bath was used to cool uncapped, sterile, saline syringes used to slow procedural bleeding. Joining the growing evidence of bronchoscopy pseudo-outbreaks, our investigation describes several lessons for future prevention.
Forum: The Death of Queen Elizabeth II: Meaning and Media
Authors: Gullace Nicoletta F. , Chernock Arianne , Natarajan Radhika , Beers Laura 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis is the revised transcript of a roundtable on the death of Queen Elizabeth II, presented at the North American Conference on British Studies in Chicago in November 2022. It includes an account of the many meanings of Queen Elizabeth II for her subjects and discussion of why so many at home and in the Commonwealth were devoted to her. The panel also touches on the significance for the monarchy of Elizabeth's passing, the meaning of queenship, and the importance of Elizabeth's gender for British women. An account of the queen and the Commonwealth focuses particularly on imperial optics and the queen's desire to be seen as the ruler of the Commonwealth. The panel concludes with the personalized account of a transnational scholar regarding the degree to which the media manufactured the appearance of grief over the queen's passing.
Dimensions of internalizing symptoms are stable across early adolescence and predicted by executive functions: Longitudinal findings from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study
Authors: Vedechkina Maria , Bennett Marc , Holmes Joni 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEarly adolescence is characterized by rapid changes in executive function and increased vulnerability to internalizing difficulties. The aim of this study was to explore whether internalizing symptoms are stable across early adolescence and to identify possible links with executive function. Using data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study (ABCD), we identified four dimensions of internalizing symptoms from item-level ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist at ages 10 (n = 10,841) and 12 (n = 5,846), with an invariant factor structure across time. These dimensions corresponded to anxiety, depression, withdrawal, and somatic problems. We then examined associations between these dimensions and three aspects of executive function at age 10 measured by the NIH Toolbox: inhibition, shifting and working memory. Worse shifting and inhibition at age 10 was associated with elevated symptoms of anxiety and withdrawal cross-sectionally, while poor inhibition was also uniquely associated with symptoms of depression. Longitudinal associations were more limited: Worse inhibition at age 10 predicted greater symptoms of withdrawal at age 12, while worse shifting predicted fewer symptoms of anxiety 2 years later. These findings suggest that poor executive function in early adolescence is associated with greater internalizing difficulties and poor inhibition may contribute to later social withdrawal.
Long-Term Mortality in Patients Transferred by Emergency Medical Services: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Enriquez de Salamanca Gambara Rodrigo , Sanz-García Ancor , Martín-Conty José L. , Polonio-López Begoña , del Pozo Vegas Carlos , Martín-Rodríguez Francisco , López-Izquierdo Raúl 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to determine the long-term mortality (one-year follow-up) associated with patients transferred by Emergency Medical Services (EMS), and to reveal the determinants (causes and risk factors).Methods:This was a multicenter, prospective, observational, controlled, ambulance-based study of adult patients transferred by ambulance to emergency departments (EDs) from October 2019 through July 2021 for any cause. A total of six Advanced Life Support (ALS) units, 38 Basic Life Support (BLS) units, and five hospitals from Spain were included. Physiological, biochemical, demographic, and reasons for transfer variables were collected. A longitudinal analysis was performed to determine the factors associated to long-term mortality (any cause).Results:The final cohort included 1,406 patients. The one-year mortality rate was 21.6% (n = 304). Mortality over the first two days reached 5.2% of all the patients; between Day 2 and Day 30, reached 5.3%; and between Day 31 and Day 365, reached 11.1%. Low Glasgow values, elevated lactate levels, elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, low oxygen saturation, high respiratory rate, as well as being old and suffering from circulatory diseases and neurological diseases were risk factors for long-term mortality.Conclusion:The quick identification of patients at risk of long-term worsening could provide an opportunity to customize care through specific follow-up.
Introduction to Fatal Years 30 Years Later: New Research On Child Mortality in the Past Special Issue
Authors: Dribe Martin , Hacker J. David 
Published: June 2023

Abstract2021 marked the 30-year anniversary of the publication Fatal Years: Child Mortality in the late Nineteenth-Century United States, a pioneering work in historical demography by Samuel H. Preston and Michael R. Haines. This special issue showcases the current state of historical mortality studies through a collection of articles originally presented at two commemorative sessions at the 2021 meeting of the Social Science History Association. It provides new and more nuanced evidence on several of the major themes of Fatal Years in terms of the mortality experience and includes studies of a wide range of contexts, from North America, to Ireland, England and Wales, and continental Europe. They all bring new evidence and leverage the dramatic development that has taken place in availability of large-scale micro-level data in the 30 years since Fatal Years was published. This introduction first provides some background to the collection and then summarizes the main findings from the different articles included. Preston and Haines provide a coda to this collection with a short reflection article on researching and writing Fatal Years.
Analytical and experimental study of a valveless piezoelectric micropump with high flowrate and pressure load
Authors: Ni Jiafeng , Xuan Weipeng , Li Yilin , Chen Jinkai , Li Wenjun , Cao Zhen , Dong Shurong , Jin Hao , Sun Lingling , Luo Jikui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMiniaturized gas pumps based on electromagnetic effect have been intensively studied and widely applied in industries. However, the electromagnetic effect-based gas pumps normally have large sizes, high levels of noises and high power consumption, thus they are not suitable for wearable/portable applications. Herein, we propose a high-flowrate and high-pressure load valveless piezoelectric micropump with dimensions of 16 mm*16 mm*5 mm. The working frequency, vibration mode and displacement of the piezoelectric actuator, the velocity of gas flow, and the volume flowrate of the micropump are analyzed using the finite element analysis method. The maximum vibration amplitude of the piezoelectric actuator reaches ~29.4 μm. The output gas flowrate of the pump is approximately 135 mL/min, and the maximum output pressure exceeds 40 kPa. Then, a prototype of the piezoelectric micropump is fabricated. Results show that performance of the micropump is highly consistent with the numerical analysis with a high flowrate and pressure load, demonstrated its great potential for wearable/portable applications, especially for blood pressure monitoring.
Wide-spread brain activation and reduced CSF flow during avian REM sleep
Authors: Ungurean Gianina , Behroozi Mehdi , Böger Leonard , Helluy Xavier , Libourel Paul-Antoine , Güntürkün Onur , Rattenborg Niels C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMammalian sleep has been implicated in maintaining a healthy extracellular environment in the brain. During wakefulness, neuronal activity leads to the accumulation of toxic proteins, which the glymphatic system is thought to clear by flushing cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) through the brain. In mice, this process occurs during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In humans, ventricular CSF flow has also been shown to increase during NREM sleep, as visualized using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The link between sleep and CSF flow has not been studied in birds before. Using fMRI of naturally sleeping pigeons, we show that REM sleep, a paradoxical state with wake-like brain activity, is accompanied by the activation of brain regions involved in processing visual information, including optic flow during flight. We further demonstrate that ventricular CSF flow increases during NREM sleep, relative to wakefulness, but drops sharply during REM sleep. Consequently, functions linked to brain activation during REM sleep might come at the expense of waste clearance during NREM sleep.
Self-healable polymer complex with a giant ionic thermoelectric effect
Authors: Kim Dong-Hu , Akbar Zico Alaia , Malik Yoga Trianzar , Jeon Ju-Won , Jang Sung-Yeon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we develop a stretchable/self-healable polymer, PEDOT:PAAMPSA:PA, with remarkably high ionic thermoelectric (iTE) properties: an ionic figure-of-merit of 12.3 at 70% relative humidity (RH). The iTE properties of PEDOT:PAAMPSA:PA are optimized by controlling the ion carrier concentration, ion diffusion coefficient, and Eastman entropy, and high stretchability and self-healing ability are achieved based on the dynamic interactions between the components. Moreover, the iTE properties are retained under repeated mechanical stress (30 cycles of self-healing and 50 cycles of stretching). An ionic thermoelectric capacitor (ITEC) device using PEDOT:PAAMPSA:PA achieves a maximum power output and energy density of 4.59 μW‧m−2 and 1.95 mJ‧m−2, respectively, at a load resistance of 10 KΩ, and a 9-pair ITEC module produces a voltage output of 0.37 V‧K−1 with a maximum power output of 0.21 μW‧m−2 and energy density of 0.35 mJ‧m−2 at 80% RH, demonstrating the potential for a self-powering source.
Complex tsunamigenic near-trench seafloor deformation during the 2011 Tohoku–Oki earthquake
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Yanru , Luo Yu , Zhao Dineng , Wang Mingwei , Yang Fanlin , Wu Ziyin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe near-trench coseismic rupture behaviour of the 2011 Tohoku–Oki earthquake remains poorly understood due to the scarcity of near-field observations. Differential bathymetry offers a unique approach to studying offshore coseismic seafloor deformation but has a limited horizontal resolution. Here we use differential bathymetry estimates with improved horizontal resolutions to investigate near-trench coseismic slip behaviours in the 2011 Tohoku–Oki earthquake. In the main rupture region, a velocity-strengthening behaviour in the shallow fault is observed. By contrast, the seafloor uplift decreases towards the trench, but the trend inverts near the backstop interface outcrop, revealing significant off-fault deformation features. Amongst various competing off-fault effects observed, we suggest that inelastic deformation plays a predominant role in near-trench tsunami excitation. Large trench-bleaching rupture is also observed immediately north of 39°, delimiting the northern extent of the main rupture region. Overall, striking spatial heterogeneity of the shallow rupture behaviour is revealed for the region.
Downregulation of extraembryonic tension controls body axis formation in avian embryos
Authors: Kunz Daniele , Wang Anfu , Chan Chon U , Pritchard Robyn H. , Wang Wenyu , Gallo Filomena , Bradshaw Charles R. , Terenzani Elisa , Müller Karin H. , Huang Yan Yan Shery , Xiong Fengzhu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEmbryonic tissues undergoing shape change draw mechanical input from extraembryonic substrates. In avian eggs, the early blastoderm disk is under the tension of the vitelline membrane (VM). Here we report that the chicken VM characteristically downregulates tension and stiffness to facilitate stage-specific embryo morphogenesis. Experimental relaxation of the VM early in development impairs blastoderm expansion, while maintaining VM tension in later stages resists the convergence of the posterior body causing stalled elongation, failure of neural tube closure, and axis rupture. Biochemical and structural analysis shows that VM weakening is associated with the reduction of outer-layer glycoprotein fibers, which is caused by an increasing albumen pH due to CO2 release from the egg. Our results identify a previously unrecognized potential cause of body axis defects through mis-regulation of extraembryonic tissue tension.
Multiple ParA/MinD ATPases coordinate the positioning of disparate cargos in a bacterial cell
Authors: Pulianmackal Lisa T. , Limcaoco Jose Miguel I. , Ravi Keerthikka , Yang Sinyu , Zhang Jeffrey , Tran Mimi K. , Ghalmi Maria , O’Meara Matthew J. , Vecchiarelli Anthony G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn eukaryotes, linear motor proteins govern intracellular transport and organization. In bacteria, where linear motors involved in spatial regulation are absent, the ParA/MinD family of ATPases organize an array of genetic- and protein-based cellular cargos. The positioning of these cargos has been independently investigated to varying degrees in several bacterial species. However, it remains unclear how multiple ParA/MinD ATPases can coordinate the positioning of diverse cargos in the same cell. Here, we find that over a third of sequenced bacterial genomes encode multiple ParA/MinD ATPases. We identify an organism (Halothiobacillus neapolitanus) with seven ParA/MinD ATPases, demonstrate that five of these are each dedicated to the spatial regulation of a single cellular cargo, and define potential specificity determinants for each system. Furthermore, we show how these positioning reactions can influence each other, stressing the importance of understanding how organelle trafficking, chromosome segregation, and cell division are coordinated in bacterial cells. Together, our data show how multiple ParA/MinD ATPases coexist and function to position a diverse set of fundamental cargos in the same bacterial cell.
Bacteriophage therapy against pathological Klebsiella pneumoniae ameliorates the course of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Ichikawa Masataka , Nakamoto Nobuhiro , Kredo-Russo Sharon , Weinstock Eyal , Weiner Iddo Nadav , Khabra Efrat , Ben-Ishai Noa , Inbar Dana , Kowalsman Noga , Mordoch Ron , Nicenboim Julian , Golembo Myriam , Zak Naomi , Jablonska Jagoda , Sberro-Livnat Hila , Navok Sharon , Buchshtab Nufar , Suzuki Takahiro , Miyamoto Kentaro , Teratani Toshiaki , Fujimori Sota , Aoto Yoshimasa , Konda Mikiko , Hayashi Naoki , Chu Po-Sung , Taniki Nobuhito , Morikawa Rei , Kasuga Ryosuke , Tabuchi Takaya , Sugimoto Shinya , Mikami Yohei , Shiota Atsushi , Bassan Merav , Kanai Takanori 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by progressive biliary inflammation and fibrosis. Although gut commensals are associated with PSC, their causative roles and therapeutic strategies remain elusive. Here we detect abundant Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) and Enterococcus gallinarum in fecal samples from 45 PSC patients, regardless of intestinal complications. Carriers of both pathogens exhibit high disease activity and poor clinical outcomes. Colonization of PSC-derived Kp in specific pathogen-free (SPF) hepatobiliary injury-prone mice enhances hepatic Th17 cell responses and exacerbates liver injury through bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes. We developed a lytic phage cocktail that targets PSC-derived Kp with a sustained suppressive effect in vitro. Oral administration of the phage cocktail lowers Kp levels in Kp-colonized germ-free mice and SPF mice, without off-target dysbiosis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that oral and intravenous phage administration successfully suppresses Kp levels and attenuates liver inflammation and disease severity in hepatobiliary injury-prone SPF mice. These results collectively suggest that using a lytic phage cocktail shows promise for targeting Kp in PSC.
Hamster model for post-COVID-19 alveolar regeneration offers an opportunity to understand post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Heydemann Laura , Ciurkiewicz Małgorzata , Beythien Georg , Becker Kathrin , Schughart Klaus , Stanelle-Bertram Stephanie , Schaumburg Berfin , Mounogou-Kouassi Nancy , Beck Sebastian , Zickler Martin , Kühnel Mark , Gabriel Gülsah , Beineke Andreas , Baumgärtner Wolfgang , Armando Federico 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 survivors often suffer from post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). Current evidence suggests dysregulated alveolar regeneration as a possible explanation for respiratory PASC, which deserves further investigation in a suitable animal model. This study investigates morphological, phenotypical and transcriptomic features of alveolar regeneration in SARS-CoV-2 infected Syrian golden hamsters. We demonstrate that CK8+ alveolar differentiation intermediate (ADI) cells occur following SARS-CoV-2-induced diffuse alveolar damage. A subset of ADI cells shows nuclear accumulation of TP53 at 6- and 14-days post infection (dpi), indicating a prolonged arrest in the ADI state. Transcriptome data show high module scores for pathways involved in cell senescence, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis in cell clusters with high ADI gene expression. Moreover, we show that multipotent CK14+ airway basal cell progenitors migrate out of terminal bronchioles, aiding alveolar regeneration. At 14 dpi, ADI cells, peribronchiolar proliferates, M2-macrophages, and sub-pleural fibrosis are observed, indicating incomplete alveolar restoration. The results demonstrate that the hamster model reliably phenocopies indicators of a dysregulated alveolar regeneration of COVID-19 patients. The results provide important information on a translational COVID-19 model, which is crucial for its application in future research addressing pathomechanisms of PASC and in testing of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches for this syndrome.
FAT-switch-based quantitative S-nitrosoproteomics reveals a key role of GSNOR1 in regulating ER functions
Authors: Qin Guochen , Qu Menghuan , Jia Bei , Wang Wei , Luo Zhuojun , Song Chun-Peng , Tao W. Andy , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReversible protein S-nitrosylation regulates a wide range of biological functions and physiological activities in plants. However, it is challenging to quantitively determine the S-nitrosylation targets and dynamics in vivo. In this study, we develop a highly sensitive and efficient fluorous affinity tag-switch (FAT-switch) chemical proteomics approach for S-nitrosylation peptide enrichment and detection. We quantitatively compare the global S-nitrosylation profiles in wild-type Arabidopsis and gsnor1/hot5/par2 mutant using this approach, and identify 2,121 S-nitrosylation peptides in 1,595 protein groups, including many previously unrevealed S-nitrosylated proteins. These are 408 S-nitrosylated sites in 360 protein groups showing an accumulation in hot5-4 mutant when compared to wild type. Biochemical and genetic validation reveal that S-nitrosylation at Cys337 in ER OXIDOREDUCTASE 1 (ERO1) causes the rearrangement of disulfide, resulting in enhanced ERO1 activity. This study offers a powerful and applicable tool for S-nitrosylation research, which provides valuable resources for studies on S-nitrosylation-regulated ER functions in plants.
ACL and HAT1 form a nuclear module to acetylate histone H4K5 and promote cell proliferation
Authors: Xu Qiutao , Yue Yaping , Liu Biao , Chen Zhengting , Ma Xuan , Wang Jing , Zhao Yu , Zhou Dao-Xiu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcetyl-CoA utilized by histone acetyltransferases (HAT) for chromatin modification is mainly generated by ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) from glucose sources. How ACL locally establishes acetyl-CoA production for histone acetylation remains unclear. Here we show that ACL subunit A2 (ACLA2) is present in nuclear condensates, is required for nuclear acetyl-CoA accumulation and acetylation of specific histone lysine residues, and interacts with Histone AcetylTransferase1 (HAT1) in rice. The rice HAT1 acetylates histone H4K5 and H4K16 and its activity on H4K5 requires ACLA2. Mutations of rice ACLA2 and HAT1 (HAG704) genes impair cell division in developing endosperm, result in decreases of H4K5 acetylation at largely the same genomic regions, affect the expression of similar sets of genes, and lead to cell cycle S phase stagnation in the endosperm dividing nuclei. These results indicate that the HAT1-ACLA2 module selectively promotes histone lysine acetylation in specific genomic regions and unravel a mechanism of local acetyl-CoA production which couples energy metabolism with cell division.
Observation of bulk quadrupole in topological heat transport
Authors: Xu Guoqiang , Zhou Xue , Yang Shuihua , Wu Jing , Qiu Cheng-Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe quantized bulk quadrupole moment has so far revealed a non-trivial boundary state with lower-dimensional topological edge states and in-gap zero-dimensional corner modes. In contrast to photonic implementations, state-of-the-art strategies for topological thermal metamaterials struggle to achieve such higher-order hierarchical features. This is due to the absence of quantized bulk quadrupole moments in thermal diffusion fundamentally prohibiting possible band topology expansions. Here, we report a recipe for generating quantized bulk quadrupole moments in fluid heat transport and observe the quadrupole topological phases in non-Hermitian thermal systems. Our experiments show that both the real- and imaginary-valued bands exhibit the hierarchical features of bulk, gapped edge and in-gap corner states—in stark contrast to the higher-order states observed only on real-valued bands in classical wave fields. Our findings open up unique possibilities for diffusive metamaterial engineering and establish a playground for multipolar topological physics.