bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ginkgo biloba extract protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by restoring autophagy via adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase/mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway modulation
Authors: Yang Xueyao , Zhao Xin , Liu Yanfei , Liu Yue , Liu Libo , An Ziyu , Xing Haoran , Tian Jinfan , Song Xiantao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStudies demonstrated that Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) played a cardioprotective role in diabetic conditions. Impaired autophagy is one of the mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). The effect of GBE on autophagy has been observed in several diseases; however, whether GBE can ameliorate DCM by regulating autophagy remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of GBE on DCM and the potential mechanisms regarding autophagy using a streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rat model and a high‐glucose (HG)‐stimulated H9C2 cell model. We demonstrated that GBE attenuated metabolic disturbances, improved cardiac function, and reduced myocardial pathological changes in diabetic rats. Impaired autophagy as well as dysregulation of the adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase/ mammalian target of the rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) signaling pathway were observed in diabetic hearts, as evidenced by the reduced conversion of LC3B‐I to LC3B‐II along with excessive p62 accumulation, decreased AMPK phosphorylation, and increased mTOR phosphorylation, which could be reversed by GBE treatment. In vitro, GBE reduced the apoptosis induced by HG in H9C2 cells by activating AMPK and inhibiting mTOR to restore autophagy. However, this effect was inhibited by the AMPK inhibitor Compound C. In conclusion, the ameliorative effect of GBE on DCM might be dependent on the restoration of autophagy through modulation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
The effect of oral capsule of Ocimum basilicum leaf extract on sleep quality and insomnia severity in menopausal women: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Karimi Fatemeh Zahra , Hosseini Hamideh , Mazlom Seyad Reza , Rakhshandeh Hassan , Asadpour Hadi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOne of the complications of menopause is sleep disorders, which affect women's health. Ocimum basilicum contains compounds that may affect sleep. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an oral capsule of O. basilicum leaf extract on sleep quality and the severity of insomnia in menopausal women. This triple‐blind, randomized clinical trial study was performed on 60 Iranian menopausal women aged 40 to 65 years. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention (each capsule containing 250 mg of O. basilicum extract and 250 mg Avicel) per day for 1 month and placebo. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality and Insomnia Intensity Index were used to assess sleep quality and severity of insomnia before, 2 weeks after and 1 month after the intervention. There was no statistically significant difference in the baseline variables between the intervention and placebo groups (p > .05). The total sleep quality scores in the two groups of intervention and placebo were 6.2 ± 0.3 versus 9.3 ± 0.3 (p < .001) and 3.7 ± 0.3 versus 9.1 ± 0.3 (p = .015) 2 weeks and 1 month after the intervention, respectively. The total insomnia severity scores in the two groups of intervention and placebo were 9.0 ± 0.3 versus 12.1 ± 0.3 (p < .001) and 5.6 ± 0.5 versus 11.0 ± 0.5 (p < .001) 2 weeks and 1 month after the intervention, respectively. Consumption of O. basilicum capsules improved sleep quality and insomnia in menopausal women. This study was approved (code IR.MUMS.NURSE.REC.1398.070) by the Ethic committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, with the No. IRCT20200104046001N1 in January 2020.
Tabersonine attenuates obesity‐induced renal injury via inhibiting NF‐κB‐mediated inflammation
Authors: Qian Chenchen , Wang Jiong , Lin Wante , Chen Yanghao , Yang Jie , Liu Min , Sun Xiaoyu , Wu Hongbo , Zhang Mengpei , Wang Yi , Cao Shan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObesity‐induced metabolic disorders can cause chronic inflammation in the whole body, activating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway and inducing apoptosis. Therefore, anti‐inflammatory strategies may be effective in preventing obesity‐related renal injury. Tabersonine (Tab) has been used pharmacologically to alleviate inflammation‐related symptoms. This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of Tab on obesity‐related renal injury and explored the pharmacological mechanism. Tab (20 mg/kg) relieved HFD‐induced renal structural disorder and alleviated renal functional decline in mice, including improvement of renal tissue fibrosis, reducing renal cell apoptosis and inflammation in renal tissues. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that Tab inhibited the activation of NF‐κB signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro, thereby improving the renal tissue lesions in the mice with obesity‐related renal injury. In both the obese mouse model and the mouse glomerular mesangial cell model, the natural compound Tab ameliorated HFD‐ and saturated fatty acid‐induced renal cell injury by inhibiting the activation of NF‐κB signaling pathway. Our data suggest that Tab may become a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of obesity‐related renal injury.
Baicalin ameliorates high fat diet‐induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase‐mediated regulation of SREBP1/Nrf2/NF‐κB signaling pathways
Authors: Gao Yanxia , Liu Jingbo , Hao Zhili , Sun Na , Guo Jianhua , Zheng Xiaozhong , Sun Panpan , Yin Wei , Fan Kuohai , Li Hongquan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease around the world, imposing severe threats on human health. Unfortunately, no clinically approved drugs are available for use as yet. Baicalin (BA) is reported to have hepatoprotective effects, and it is not clear whether BA can treat NAFLD and how. Here, a high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced NAFLD mouse model was established to explore the protective roles and mechanisms of BA against HFD‐induced NAFLD. Physiochemical results showed that BA exhibited significantly protective effects against HFD‐induced NAFLD in mice. Liver transcriptomic analysis revealed that BA attenuated HFD‐induced NAFLD via activating AMPK pathway, which was confirmed by the AMPK inhibitor Compound C. Additionally, the expression changes of AMPK downstream genes demonstrated that BA exerted ameliorative effects against NAFLD through AMPK‐mediated inhibition of SREBP1 and NF‐κB pathways, and activation of Nrf2 pathway. Taken together, our study reveals the protective roles of BA against HFD‐caused NAFLD through AMPK‐mediated modulation of SREBP1/Nrf2/NF‐κB pathways, suggesting that BA has potential drug development implications. Most importantly, our study creates a paradigm through the combination of molecular biology and bioinformatics for further studies of action mechanisms of biomolecules combating diseases.
Elucidation of mosaic patterns in gravel riverbeds using classifying flow velocity regimes obtained from a planar two‐dimensional analysis
Authors: Niwa Hideyuki , Taki Kentaro , Izumino Tamaho 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGravel riverbeds in the middle reaches of Japanese rivers are essential habitats for various plants and animals. Disturbance from flooding is necessary for the formation of gravel riverbeds, but human control of rivers, such as dams and channelization, has altered flow and sediment regimes, thereby reducing disturbance. The flooding generates a mosaic pattern characterized by varying frequencies and intensities of disturbance in gravel riverbeds. Understanding the disturbance regimes that form mosaic patterns is important for the conservation of biodiversity in rivers. In this study, we proposed a method to extract mosaic patterns from flow velocity regimes obtained by planar two‐dimensional analysis by classifying them with time‐series clustering. Based on the distribution of Anaphalis margaritacea var. yedoensis on gravel riverbanks, we compared several past flooding events to identify mosaic patterns that are important for A. margaritacea var. yedoensis. The study site is the Echi River, which flows through Shiga Prefecture in Japan and into Lake Biwa. Using a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), orthomosaic images with an average ground resolution of 3.3 mm/pixel were created, and colony polygons of A. margaritacea var. yedoensis were created using image detection and visual correction. Hydraulic analysis was performed using iRIC ver2.3 (Nays2DH ver1.0). Time‐series clustering was used to classify the flow velocity regimes for each computed mesh into 30 clusters. The relationship between the clusters of each flooding event and the distribution of A. margaritacea var. yedoensis was evaluated. Mosaic patterns were created by classifying the flow velocity regimes of each computational mesh calculated by planar 2D analysis into clusters using time‐series clustering. After analyzing the relationship between each cluster and the area of distribution of A. margaritacea var. yedoensis, the first flooding event was determined to be the mosaic pattern that best explained the distribution of A. margaritacea var. yedoensis. Cluster 1, the “low peak, short duration type,” was considered the growth center of A. margaritacea var. yedoensis. The method used in this study is an innovative approach for obtaining mosaic patterns that quantifies these five elements of the disturbance regime.
Effects of climate change on health and wellbeing: A systematic review
Authors: Liu Fengxuan , Chang‐Richards Alice , Wang Kevin I‐Kai , Dirks Kim Natasha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe health and wellbeing effects of climate change events have gained much attention from decision makers and academia over the past decade. Using a systematic review approach, this paper aims to present an improved understanding of how different climate change events have impacted on people's health and/or wellbeing. A thorough review of 93 articles following a PRISMA and SALSA protocol revealed nine climate change events, of which heat waves and extreme ambient temperature were found to be closely associated with the most cited illnesses, including physical problems and failure of one's circulatory and respiratory systems. Age and gender are the critical factors among others that differentiate the effects of climate change on health. Although the formulation of heatwave response plans has been adopted in many countries, the findings of this study suggest that design for climate‐adaptive built environments is of paramount importance. This paper provides insights into climate change adaption strategies from a health perspective. The findings can be used by disaster risk reduction (DRR) policymakers and practitioners to identify the areas to target in their climate change agenda in order to enhance the adaptive ability of communities.
Robust, self‐adhesive, and low‐contact impedance polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide dual‐network hydrogel semidry electrode for biopotential signal acquisition
Authors: Li Guangli , Liu Ying , Chen Yuwei , Xia Yonghui , Qi Xiaoman , Wan Xuan , Jin Yuan , Liu Jun , He Quanguo , Li Kanghua , Tang Jianxin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, we fabricated a flexible semidry electrode with excellent mechanical performance, satisfactory self‐adhesiveness, and low‐contact impedance using physical/chemical crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide dual‐network hydrogels (PVA/PAM DNHs) as an efficient saline reservoir. The resultant PVA/PAM DNHs showed admirable adhesive and compliance to the hairy scalp, facilitating the establishment of a robust electrode/skin interface for biopotential signal transmission. Moreover, the PVA/PAM DNHs steadily released trace saline onto the scalp to achieve the minimized potential drift (1.47 ± 0.39 mV/min) and low electrode–scalp impedance (18.2 ± 8.9 kΩ @ 10 Hz). More importantly, the application feasibility of real‐world brain−computer interfaces (BCIs) was preliminarily validated by 10 participants using two classic BCI paradigms. The mean temporal cross‐correlation coefficients between the semidry and wet electrodes in the eyes open/closed and the N200 speller paradigms are 0.919 ± 0.054 and 0.912 ± 0.050, respectively. Both electrodes demonstrate anticipated neuroelectrophysiological responses with similar patterns. This semidry electrode could also effectively capture robust P‐QRS‐T peaks during electrocardiogram recording. Considering their outstanding advantages of fast setup, user‐friendliness, and robust signals, the proposed PVA/PAM DNH‐based electrode is a promising alternative to wet electrodes in biopotential signal acquisition.
Ultrasound assisted synthesis of Fe‐TiO2 and Ce‐TiO2 catalysts and subsequent application for photocatalytic, sonocatalytic, and sonophotocatalytic decolorization of basic Victoria blue dye
Authors: Dey Ananya , Gogate Parag R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSynthesis of Fe‐TiO2 and Ce‐TiO2 catalysts using conventional, and ultrasound assisted (US) homogeneous coprecipitation method has been investigated. Effects of ultrasonic irradiation time and ultrasonic power on catalyst synthesis were studied and it was elucidated that best conditions were 140 W and 60 min, respectively. Characterization using FE‐SEM revealed spherical particles with the size range from 36.4 to 49.4 nm whereas XRD analysis affirmed a mixture of anatase, rutile, and brookite TiO2 phase with crystallite size ranging from 4.18 to 12.99 nm. BET analysis revealed highest specific surface area (211.59 m2/g) for the sonochemically synthesized Ce‐TiO2. The process intensification benefits demonstrated in catalyst synthesis were better crystallinity, lower particle size, and higher surface area. The application of catalyst efficacy was tested for photocatalytic, sonocatalytic, and sonophotocatalytic oxidation where maximum decolorization as 71.97% was obtained for sonochemically synthesized Ce‐TiO2 applied in the sonophotocatalytic approach. Studies related to regeneration, stability, and leaching of Ce and Ti ion from the sonochemically synthesized Ce‐TiO2 catalyst were also performed. It was observed that the catalyst can be regenerated easily and there were no structural changes in the catalyst after regeneration with negligible leaching of the ions from the catalyst into the solution. Overall, an improved process for catalyst synthesis with intensified decolorization application was demonstrated based on the use of ultrasound.
Computation‐with‐confidence for static elasticity: Data‐driven approach with order statistics
Authors: Kanno Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a data‐driven method to identify a bound for the structural response of interest when a data set of elastic material responses is available. The obtained bound is probable in the sense that, at least with a certain confidence level, the probability that the structural response is within the bound is no smaller than a certain target value of reliability. The confidence level is ensured by considering the order statistics of the given data points. In this manner, this paper introduces the concept of reliability to the framework of data‐driven computational elasticity to address uncertainty in the data set. The method does not require any statistical information of the data points. Two numerical examples demonstrate the use of the proposed method to analyze static responses of structures by using only given material data sets.
Mechanical modelling the slider‐substrate system with account of sliding
Authors: Li Yiran , Wang Tingting , Ke Liaoliang , Huang Ganyun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSliding onset is critical to interface failure or earthquake prediction, yet the physical mechanism is still unclear. In the present work, a model for the slender slider‐substrate system has been proposed. To account for sliding, nucleation of an interfacial dislocation and its subsequent mobility have been analyzed which may help clarify the sliding onset. The solution of this model can be simplified to that of Cauchy singular integral equations. Before the interfacial dislocation nucleation, numerical results thus obtained for interfacial tractions have been demonstrated to be in good consistency with experiments. By introducing a critical criterion for static dislocation nucleation, it has been found that the calculated critical force agrees well with that for sliding precursors and the mobility of the dislocation capture some essential features for the experimentally observed behaviours for sliding precursors. These results may cast new light to the occurrence and understanding of sliding onset.
Ginzburg-Landau description and emergent supersymmetry of the (3, 8) minimal model
Authors: Klebanov Igor R. , Narovlansky Vladimir , Sun Zimo , Tarnopolsky Grigory 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A pair of the 2D non-unitary minimal models M(2, 5) is known to be equivalent to a variant of the M(3, 10) minimal model. We discuss the RG flow from this model to another non-unitary minimal model, M(3, 8). This provides new evidence for its previously proposed Ginzburg-Landau description, which is a ℤ2 symmetric theory of two scalar fields with cubic interactions. We also point out that M(3, 8) is equivalent to the (2, 8) superconformal minimal model with the diagonal modular invariant. Using the 5-loop results for theories of scalar fields with cubic interactions, we exhibit the 6 − ϵ expansions of the dimensions of various operators. Their extrapolations are in quite good agreement with the exact results in 2D. We also use them to approximate the scaling dimensions in d = 3, 4, 5 for the theories in the M(3, 8) universality class.
Lepton-flavor-violating ALPs at the Electron-Ion Collider: a golden opportunity
Authors: Davoudiasl Hooman , Marcarelli Roman , Neil Ethan T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs) arise in a variety of theoretical contexts and can, in general, mediate flavor violating interactions and parity non-conservation. We consider lepton flavor violating ALPs with GeV scale or larger masses which may, for example, arise in composite dark sector models. We show that a future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) can uncover or constrain such ALPs via processes of the type e AZ→ τ AZa, where AZ is a nucleus of charge Z and a is an ALP in the range mτ≤ ma ≲ 20 GeV. The production of the ALP can have a large Z2 enhancement from low Q2 electromagnetic scattering of the electron from a heavy ion. Using the gold nucleus (Z = 79) as an example, we show that the EIC can explore e − τ flavor violation, mediated by GeV-scale ALPs, well beyond current limits. Importantly, the EIC reach for this interaction is not sensitive to the lepton-flavor conserving ALP couplings, whose possible smallness can render searches using τ decays ineffective. We also discuss how the EIC electron beam polarization can provide a powerful tool for investigating parity violating ALPs.
Why is black hole entropy affected by rotation?
Authors: McInnes Brett 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
It is well known that an asymptotically flat four-dimensional Kerr black hole has a smaller (specific) entropy than a Schwarzschild black hole of the same mass. We show here that the same is true if the temperature, rather than the mass, is held fixed; and we also show that an asymptotically AdS5-Kerr black hole has a smaller specific entropy than an AdS5-Schwarzschild black hole of the same temperature, except in a negligibly small class of special examples. The AdS5-Kerr case is particularly interesting, because here the gauge-gravity duality applies; if we further accept that there is a useful analogy between the strongly coupled field theories dual to AdS black holes and the best-understood example of a strongly coupled fluid (the Quark-Gluon Plasma), then we can apply QGP theory to predict the behaviour of black hole entropy in this case. The prediction agrees with our study of AdS5-Kerr entropy. The hope is that such results might lead ultimately to an identification of black hole microstates.
Alten- und Pflegeheime – die COVID-19-Pandemie als Mahnung: Infektionshygienische Maßnahmen und Einflussfaktoren auf die Gesundheit der Bewohnenden
Authors: Said Dunja , Sin Muna Abu , Zanuzdana Arina , Schweickert Birgitta , Eckmanns Tim 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie COVID-19-Pandemie hat die Vulnerabilität der Alten- und Pflegeheimbewohnenden aufgrund ihres erhöhten Risikos für einen schwerwiegenden oder tödlichen COVID-19-Verlauf verdeutlicht. Um die Bewohnenden in den Einrichtungen in Anbetracht hoher Inzidenzen von severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in der Gesamtbevölkerung zu schützen, wurde eine Reihe von Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen empfohlen, die im Verlauf der Pandemie zu einem Rückgang der COVID-19-Fälle und -Todesfälle in den Einrichtungen geführt haben. Gleichzeitig hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass in Alten- und Pflegeheimen häufig einige Faktoren existieren, welche die Umsetzung von Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen erschweren und einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Gesundheit der Bewohnenden ausüben.Herausforderungen ergeben sich vor allem durch die Arbeitsbedingungen (Mangel an Personal grundsätzlich und mit entsprechenden Qualifikationen, arbeitsbedingte Belastungen), durch die Versorgung der Bewohnenden (medizinisch und psychosozial) sowie durch strukturelle und einrichtungsspezifische Faktoren (u. a. Größe von Heimen).Lösungskonzepte für diese Probleme zeigen, dass die Umsetzung von Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen nicht für sich alleine steht, sondern als Teil eines Konzeptes zur Neugestaltung der Arbeits‑, Wohn- und Lebensbereiche der Beschäftigten und der Bewohnenden der Einrichtungen betrachtet werden sollte. Dabei gilt es, den Infektionsschutz in Alten- und Pflegeheimen nicht ausschließlich in Hinblick auf zukünftige Pandemien zu planen, sondern dessen Relevanz auch für bereits jetzt bestehende Gesundheitsgefahren, wie nosokomiale Infektionen, Antibiotikaresistenzen oder Influenza, zu beachten.
Embracing Complexity: Yeast Evolution Experiments Featuring Standing Genetic Variation
Authors: Burke Molly K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a long and esteemed history as a model system for laboratory selection experiments. The majority of yeast evolution experiments begin with an isogenic ancestor, impose selection as cells divide asexually, and track mutations that arise and accumulate over time. Within the last decade, the popularity of S. cerevisiae as a model system for exploring the evolution of standing genetic variation has grown considerably. As a facultatively sexual microbe, it is possible to initiate experiments with populations that harbor diversity and also to maintain that diversity by promoting sexual recombination as the experiment progresses. These experimental choices expand the scope of evolutionary hypotheses that can be tested with yeast. And, in this review, I argue that yeast is one of the best model systems for testing such hypotheses relevant to eukaryotic species. Here, I compile a list of yeast evolution experiments that involve standing genetic variation, initially and/or by implementing protocols that induce sexual recombination in evolving populations. I also provide an overview of experimental methods required to set up such an experiment and discuss the unique challenges that arise in this type of research. Throughout the article, I emphasize the best practices emerging from this small but growing niche of the literature.