bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Conceptual Mapping in the Offshore Multiuse Setting: Implications for complex biosystems development
Authors: Capuzzo Elisa , Hemming Victoria , Grebe Gretchen , Stafford Richard , Burg Sander van den , Wood Daniel , Watson Gordon , Wells Victoria , Johnson Teresa , Erbs Stefan , Hal Jaap W. van , Binnerts Bas , Collins Alexandra , Howe Caroline , O´Shea Ryan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The offshore Multiuse Setting (MUS) is a concept that seeks to co-locate marine industrial activities including wind farms, aquaculture, and tourism. MUS are thought to be an innovative way to promote efficiency in resource use. Despite this contention, plans for MUS are plagued by an implementation gap whereby innovative ideas do not actualise into commercial operations. A suggested barrier to progression of MUS is the lack of understanding surrounding the consequences to economic, societal and environmental dimensions of the system that result from MUS designs and activities. The implementation of a MUS has the traits of a complex decision problem and thus will benefit from decision analysis to structure the decision-making process. Here we show the consequences resulting from implementation of the Multiuse Setting concept against multiple objectives - environmental, social, and economic – through the application of group-based cognitive mapping. The assessment involved the use of a hypothetical case study to introduce system boundaries and explored predictions about the outcomes of implementation using a modified Delphi method approach. The results demonstrate that there are a network of social-ecological changes with both positive and negative (and potentially costly) implications across and within sustainability dimensions. We illustrate how systemic views contradict existing claims about seaweed aquaculture and co-location with wind farms, such as carbon sequestration potential and spatial resource efficiency, considering the complexity of an MUS project. The methodology provides a route to recognise trade-offs and risks from, and provide alternative strategies for, the MUS and wider seaweed aquaculture within the context of the broader industrial strategy of Sustainable and Circular Bioeconomy transition.
Neuromuscular compartmentation of the subscapularis muscle: An anatomical study for botulinum neurotoxin injection
Authors: Cho Tae-Hyeon , Hong Ju-Eun , Yang Hun-Mu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study, using immunohistochemistry with fresh cadavers, deliberate histological profiling was performed to determine which fibers are predominant within each compartment. To verify the facial compartmentation of the SSC and elucidate its histological components of type I and II fibers using macroscopic, histological observation and cadaveric simulation for providing an anatomical reference of efficient injection of the BoNT into the SSC. Seven fixed and three fresh cadavers (six males and four females; mean age, 82.5 years) were used in this study. The dissected specimens revealed a distinct fascia demarcating the SSC into the superior and inferior compartments. The Sihler’s staining revealed that the upper and lower subscapular nerves (USN and LSN) innervated the SSC, with two territories distributed by each nerve, mostly corresponding to the superior and inferior compartments of the muscle, although there were some tiny communicating twigs between the USN and LSN. The immunohistochemical stain revealed the density of each type of fiber. Compared with the whole muscle area, the densities of the slow-twitch type I fibers were 22.26 ± 3.11% (mean ± SD) in the superior and 81.15 ± 0.76% in the inferior compartments, and the densities of the fast-twitch type II fiber were 77.74% ± 3.11% in the superior and 18.85 ± 0.76% in the inferior compartments. The compartments had different proportions of slow-fast muscle fibers, corresponding to the functional differences between the upper compartment as an early-onset internal rotator and the lower compartment as a durable stabilizer of the glenohumeral joint.
Tidal and seasonal controls on cold seep activity and the efficiency of water column methanotrophs
Authors: de Groot Tim , Menoud Malika , Bleijswijk Judith van , Hernando-Morales Victor , Czerski Helen , Maazallahi Hossein , Walter Sylvia , Rush Darci , Rockmann Thomas , Niemann Helge 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The ocean’s methane emission to the atmosphere is dominated by continental shelves where cold seeps are globally common features. Seeps emit methane into the hydrosphere, but knowledge on variations and controls of seep activity and the efficiency of the microbial methane filter in the water column is scarce. Here we address this knowledge gap by measuring whole water column methane inventories and methanotrophic activity at a temporal resolution of 2 hours at a North Sea cold seep (Doggerbank) in summer and autumn. We found that methane inventories were 40% higher at low tide compared to high tide concurrent with an elevated activity of methanotrophs. The activity of methanotrophs was reduced during autumn when the water column was fully mixed and matched by higher methane emissions to the atmosphere. Our results show that tides are underappreciated controls on seepage, methanotrophic activity and sea–atmosphere fluxes.
Unveiling the dynamics of antimicrobial utilization and resistance in a large hospital network over five years: Insights from health record data analysis
Authors: Senok Abiola , Al-Dabal Laila , Khansaheb Hamda Hassan , Habous Maya , Alsuwaidi Hanan , Alsheikh-Ali Alawi , Moradigaravand Danesh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) presents a pressing public health challenge globally which has been compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic. Elucidation of the impact of the pandemic on AMR evolution using population-level data that integrates clinical, laboratory and prescription data remains lacking.
Methods: Data was extracted from the centralized electronic platform which captures the health records of 60,551 patients across the network of public healthcare facilities in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. For all inpatients and outpatients diagnosed with bacterial infection between 01/01/2017 and 31/05/2022, structured and unstructured Electronic Health Record data, microbiological laboratory data including antibiogram, molecular typing and COVID-19 testing information as well as antibiotic prescribing data were extracted curated and linked. Various analytical methods, including time-series analysis, natural language processing (NLP) and unsupervised clustering algorithms, were employed to investigate the trends of antimicrobial usage and resistance over time, assess the impact of prescription practices on resistance rates, and explore the effects of COVID-19 on antimicrobial usage and resistance.
Results: Our findings identified a significant impact of COVID-19 on antimicrobial prescription practices, with short-term and long-lasting over-prescription of these drugs. Resistance to antimicrobials increased the odds ratio of mortality to an average of 2.5 and the effects of prescription practices on resistance were observed within one week of initiation. Significant trends in antimicrobial resistance, exhibiting fluctuations for various drugs and organisms, with an overall increasing trend in resistance levels, particularly post-COVI D-19 were identified.
Conclusion: This study provides a population-level insight into the evolution of AMR in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. The findings emphasize the long-term effect of COVID-19 on the AMR crisis and the critical need for improved antimicrobial stewardship to tackle AMR evolution.
An individualized protein-based prognostic model to stratify pediatric patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhihong , Wang He , Zhou Yan , Li Lu , Lyu Mengge , Wu Chunlong , He Tianen , Tan Lingling , Zhu Yi , Guo Tiannan , Wu Hong-Kun , Zhang Hao , Sun Yaoting 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Pediatric papillary thyroid carcinomas (PPTCs) are with high inter-tumor heterogeneity and currently lack widely adopted recurrence risk stratification criteria. Hence, we propose a machine learning-based objective method to individually predict their recurrence risk. We retrospectively collected and evaluated the clinical factors and proteomes of 83 pediatric benign (PB), 85 pediatric malignant (PM) and 66 adult malignant (AM) nodules, and quantified 10,426 proteins by mass spectrometry. We found 243 and 121 significantly dysregulated proteins from PM vs. PB and PM vs. AM, respectively. Function and pathway analyses showed the enhanced activation of the inflammatory and immune system in PM patients compared with the others. Nineteen proteins were selected to predict recurrence using a machine learning model with an accuracy of 88.24%. Our study generated a protein-based personalized prognostic prediction model that can stratify PPTC patients into high- or low-recurrence risk groups, providing a reference for clinical decision-making and individualized treatment.
COVID-19-Related Distress, Body Image, and Eating Behaviors: A Cross-sectional Explanatory Model
Authors: Rodrigue Christopher , Rodgers Rachel , Carbonneau Noémie , Bégin Catherine , Dion Jacinthe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors in adolescents. To better understand these associations, this study tested an explanatory model in which appearance-focused social media use, internalisation of social media pressure, and mindfulness abilities mediated the relationship between COVID-related distress and body dissatisfaction, which in turn was associated with dietary restraint and binge eating episodes.
Methods: Adolescents (N =498, Mage= 16.7, 47.2% girls) recruited within high schools completed online measures.
Results: A final well-adjusted model was revealed using path analyses, confirming the proposed mediational effects.
Conclusions: Findings suggest that mindfulness, media use and the internalisation of social media pressure are potential key processes explaining body dissatisfaction and eating disorders among adolescents who experienced higher level of COVID-related distress.
Association between Latent profile of dietary intake and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); Results from Fasa Adults , Cohort Study (FACS)
Authors: Ariya Mohammad , Sharafi Mehdi , Afrashteh Sima 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been among the most significant non-communicable diseases. Dietary risks account for the most cause of CVDs mortalities. Evaluating overall dietary patterns (through the Latent profile of dietary intake) can provide a more accurate prediction regarding the prevalence of CVDs. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between the latent profile of dietary intake and CVDs prevalence. The population of the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS) (Fars Province, Iran) was employed to gather the data (n = 8319). A modified 125-item FFQ was employed to assess eating behaviors. Minerals, as well as the quantity of energy and total fiber, were measured using Nutritionist IV software (version 7.0). To estimate the prevalence of CVDs, accurate records of patients' histories were made. Individuals were clustered according to their dietary intake using latent profile analysis. The individuals who consume the highest, medium, and lowest amounts of food intake were classified and named according to their groups. 63.9% of people with low socioeconomic status were in the low-intake profile (P < 0.001). The low-intake group had the lowest amount of physical activity (Met) (P < 0.001). The result of multivariate logistic regression revealed that categorized in the low-intake group significantly increased the development of CVDs (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.07–1.63, P = 0.010). The mean micronutrients and total fiber, in individuals with a low intake profile, were significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.001). Overall, we estimated that a low intake of all food groups increases the risk of developing CVDs significantly.
Remote sensing evidence for population growth of isolated indigenous societies in Amazonia
Authors: Walker Robert S. , Flinn Mark V. , Prall Sean P. , Hamilton Marcus J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Isolated indigenous societies who actively avoid sustained peaceful contact with the outside world are critically endangered. Last year “Tanaru”, the lone surviving man of his tribe for at least 35 years, died in Southwest Amazonia marking the latest cultural extinction event in a long history of massacres, enslavement, and epidemics. Yet in the upper reaches of the Amazon Basin, dozens of resilient isolated tribes still manage to survive. Remote sensing is a reliable method of monitoring the population dynamics of uncontacted populations by quantifying the area cleared for gardens and villages, along with the fire detections associated with the burning of those clearings. Remote sensing also provides a method to document the number of residential structures and village fissioning. Only with these longitudinal assessments can we better evaluate the current no-contact policies by governments and the United Nations, along with the prospects for the long-term survival of isolated tribes. While the world’s largest isolated indigenous metapopulation, Pano speakers in Acre, Brazil, appears to be thriving, other smaller isolated populations disconnected from metapopulations, such as the single village of isolated Yanomami in northern Brazil, continue being extremely vulnerable to external threats. Our applied anthropological conservation approach is to provide analyses of publicly available remote sensing datasets to help inform policies that enhance survival and well-being of isolated cultural groups.
Empagliflozin induces the transcriptional program for nutrient homeostasis in skeletal muscle in normal mice
Authors: Kawakami Ryo , Matsui Hiroki , Matsui Miki , Iso Tatsuya , Yokoyama Tomoyuki , Ishii Hideki , Kurabayashi Masahiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve heart failure (HF) outcomes across a range of patient characteristics. A hypothesis that SGLT2i induce metabolic change similar to fasting has recently been proposed to explain their profound clinical benefits. However, it remains unclear whether SGLT2i primarily induce this change in physiological settings. Here, we demonstrate that empagliflozin administration under ad libitum feeding did not cause weight loss but did increase transcripts of the key nutrient sensors, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), and the master regulator of mitochondrial gene expression, PGC-1a, in quadriceps muscle in healthy mice. Expression of these genes correlated with that of PPARa and PPARd target genes related to mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress response, and also correlated with serum ketone body b-hydroxybutyrate. These results were not observed in the heart. Collectively, this study revealed that empagliflozin activates transcriptional programs critical for sensing and adaptation to nutrient availability intrinsic to skeletal muscle rather than the heart even in normocaloric condition. As activation of PGC-1a is sufficient for metabolic switch from fatigable, glycolytic metabolism toward fatigue-resistant, oxidative mechanism in skeletal muscle myofibers, our findings may partly explain the improvement of exercise tolerance in patients with HF receiving empagliflozin.
Ischemia and reperfusion-injured liver-derived exosomes elicit acute lung injury through miR-122-5p regulated alveolar macrophage polarization
Authors: Lyu Jingshu , Sheng Mingwei , Jia Lili , Cao Yingli , Zhang Chen , Weng Yiqi , Yu Wenli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common postoperative complication, particularly in pediatric patients after liver transplantation. Exosomes(Exos) are novel regulator of intercellular communications that play important roles in the pathogenesis of ALI. We previously demonstrated that hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (HIR) induces increased release of exosomes (IR-Exo) in the peripheral circulation. Aim We aimed to explore the role of exosomes derived from ischemia-reperfusion-injured liver in the development of ALI. Methods ALI was induced by HIR or IR-Exo, accompanied by the applications of inhibitor of exosomal secretion (GW4869), or miR−122−5p inhibitor in vivo. Lung injury scores, pulmonary edema, inflammatory mediators and macrophage polarization were examined. In vitro, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and alveolar macrophages (AMφ) were induced by IR-Exo or miR−122−5p mimic, along with the applications of miR−122−5p inhibitor. RNA sequencing, dualluciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to clarify the mechanisms of exomal miR−122−5p in ALI. Results We found that intravenous injection of IR-Exo caused lung inflammation in naive rats, while pretreatment with an inhibitor of exosomal secretion (GW4869) attenuated HIR-related lung injury. In vivo and in vitro results show that IR-Exo promoted pro-inflammatory responses and M1 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, miRNA profiling of serum identified miR−122−5p as the highest increased exosomal miRNA of young rats suffering from HIR compared with controls. In addition, IR-Exo transferred miR−122−5p to macrophages and promoted pro-inflammatory responses and M1 phenotype polarization by targeting suppressor of cytokine signaling protein 1 (SOCS−1)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Importantly, the pathogenic role of exosomal miR−122−5p in initiating lung inflammation was reversed by inhibition of miR−122−5p. Clinically, higher levels of miR−122−5p were found in serum and correlated with the severity of lung injury in pediatric living-donor liver transplant recipients with ALI. Conclusion Taken together, our findings reveal that IR-Exo transfers liver-specific miR−122−5p to alveolar macrophages and elicits ALI by inducing M1 macrophage polarization via the SOCS−1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Alterations to DNA methylation patterns induced by chemotherapy treatment are associated with negative impacts on the olfactory pathway
Authors: Ho Peh Joo , Khng Alexis Jiaying , Benita Kiat-Tee Tan , Lim Geok Hoon , Tan Su-Ming , Veronique Kiak Mien Tan , Shea Ying Cong Tan Ryan , Elaine Hsuen Lim , Philip Tsau-Choong Iau , Chew Ying-Jia , Lim Yi Ying , Hartman Mikael , Tan Ern Yu , Li Jingmei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Exposure to cytotoxic chemotherapy treatment may alter DNA methylation (DNAm) in breast cancer patients.
Methods
We performed DNAm analysis in 125 breast cancer patients with blood drawn before and after chemotherapy, using the Illumina MethylationEPIC array. DNAm changes of 588,798 individual CpGs and 41,222 promoters were evaluated using linear regression models adjusted for monocyte proportion. Gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) were conducted to identify key Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes or KEGG pathways associated with chemotherapy. Results were validated in a separate cohort of breast cancer patients who were treated (n = 1,244) and not treated (n = 897) by chemotherapy (1,817 blood, 337 saliva).
Results
A total of 142 differentially methylated CpGs and 11 promoters were significantly associated with chemotherapy after multiple testing corrections in both the paired sample and single time point analyses. GSEA of 41,222 chemotherapy-associated promoters (pre-ranked by Z scores) revealed six suppressed biological processes that survived Bonferroni correction (GO:0007606, sensory perception of chemical stimulus; GO:0007608, sensory perception of smell; GO:0009593, detection of chemical stimulus; GO:0050906, detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception; GO:0050907, detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception; and GO:0050911, detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell). The same six biological processes were significantly suppressed in the validation dataset. The KEGG pathway olfactory transduction (hsa04740) was also found to be significantly suppressed (uncorrected ppaired−samples=6.65e-5, psingle−timepoint−blood=1.01e-15 and p single−timepoint−saliva=3.10e-55).
Conclusion
The enrichment of imprinted genes within biological processes and pathways suggests a biological mechanism by which chemotherapy could affect the perception of smell.
Estimation of Gray Matter Fiber Direction Based on Anisotropy Diffusion
Authors: Pan Yingyu , Wang Yuanjun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In high-angle resolution diffusion imaging, the spherical deconvolution method can acquire information on fiber orientation in the white matter of the brain. However, this method views gray matter as isotropic diffusion, therefore SD has very limited use in gray matter. Related studies have shown that there are multiple cytosomes and dendrites in gray matter, and these structures result in the movement of water molecules in gray matter that are not simply free diffusion, and if viewed as completely isotropic, it will bring large uncertainties in the estimation of fiber orientation in superficial white matter regions. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a Multi-Anisotropy Response Function Constrained Spherical Deconvolution (MARF-CSD) method to solve the fiber orientation distribution functions of two anisotropic tissues in white matter and gray matter. In addition, in this paper, we use a modified damp Richardson-Lucy (dRL) method instead of the traditional non-negative least squares (NNLS) method for model solving. We use the diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to model the white matter and gray matter signals, respectively, MARF-CSD method is compared with multi-shell constrained spherical deconvolution (MSCSD) by simulated data and brain data,. The simulated data results show that MARF-CSD can accurately solve the two anisotropic fiber direction distribution functions, and the dRL method greatly reduces the number of pseudo-peaks compared with the NNLS method. Results from brain data show that the MARF-CSD method has significant similarity to the fiber orientation estimated by the MSCSD method in white matter, but the MARF-CSD method shows anatomically plausible peaks in most gray matter voxels and the orientation is mostly perpendicular to the fiber tracts in the deep white matter region, obtaining a continuous fiber connection from the white matter to the gray matter of the brain.