bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The length of the sanitary napkins can be used as a handier index than pictorial blood loss assessment chart to predict the heavy menstrual bleeding
Authors: Nagao Azusa , Tokugawa Tazuko , Matsuo Yoko , Shirayama Rie , Morishita Eriko , Nozima Masahiro , Kinai Ei , Nishida Yasuharu , Fukutake Katsuyuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimMany women with inherited bleeding disorders are not diagnosed because of a lack of appropriate indicators. This study aimed to assess the predictability of the pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) as an indicator of menorrhagia and identify an easy indicator of menorrhagia resulting from bleeding disorders.MethodsA multicenter study enrolled 9 patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD), 23 hemophilia carriers, and 71 controls aged 20–45 years who completed PBACs for two menstrual cycles as well as questionnaires.ResultsThe PBAC scores of the VWD were significantly higher than those of other groups, even in multivariate analysis with age and sanitary item factors (p = 0.014). A PBAC score of 100 was not an appropriate cutoff because of its low specificity (VWD: sensitivity, 100; specificity, 29.5; hemophilia carriers: 74 and 29.5, respectively). In the ROC analysis, the cutoff of optimal PBAC for VWD was 171 (sensitivity, 66.7; specificity, 72.3; AUC, 0.7296). As the pad length increased, the total length of the pads used during one menstrual period could be a new and easy indicator. However, the cutoff for VWD was 735 cm (sensitivity, 42.9; specificity, 94.3; AUC 0.6837). A threshold could not be established for the hemophilia carrier. Therefore, we multiplied the coefficient by the length of thick pads, which caused a lower PBAC. For the VWD, the sensitivity increased to 85.7 (specificity, 77.1). For the hemophilia carrier, sensitivity (66.7) and specificity (88.6) could be separated from the control.ConclusionsThe total length of the pads with a thick‐pad adjustment can be a simple method to identify bleeding disorders.
Temporal check‐all‐that‐apply on the sensory profiling of sucrose‐replaced sweetener blends of natural and synthetic origin
Authors: Andersen Glenn H. , Alexi Niki , Sfyra Konstantina , Byrne Derek V. , Kidmose Ulla 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to formulate sucrose‐replaced samples with natural or synthetic sweeteners, and to benchmark the temporal sensory profile of sucrose‐replaced samples to a control sample (100% sucrose). Acesulfame‐K, aspartame, erythritol, rebaudioside M, and sucralose replaced sucrose at four different levels (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) in aqueous solutions. A trained sensory panel evaluated the samples with temporal check‐all‐that‐apply. The sweeteners showed great individual differences in their ability to replace sucrose. Except for aspartame, the 25% sucrose replacement across all sweeteners was not significantly different from the control. Aspartame, erythritol, and sucralose showed no difference from sucrose for the 50% and 75% sucrose‐replaced samples. In contrast, a replacement of above 25% sucrose with acesulfame‐K and rebaudioside M resulted in significant variations in the aftertaste period resulting in bitter off‐taste and licorice off‐flavor, respectively, compared to the control. Conclusively, synthetic and natural sweeteners were able to partially replace sucrose without altering the temporal sensory profile.Practical ApplicationsThis study showed high variability of achievable sucrose replacement suggesting that the choice of sweetener is crucial for a successful replacement. Blends of sucralose or erythritol with sucrose was most suitable to mimic the sensory profile of sucrose. This can be applied by the food industry in the innovation of low energy food and beverage products with comparable sensory profiles to the sucrose counterparts.
Effect of enhanced nutrition services with community‐based nutrition services on the diet quality of young children in Ethiopia
Authors: Tessema Masresha , Hussien Shimelis , Ayana Girmaye , Teshome Beza , Hussen Alemayehu , Kebebe Tadesse , Mogese Tseday , Petros Alem , Fikresilassie Getinet , Wodajo Berhanu , Mokenen Tadesse , Tollera Getachew , Whiting Susan J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPoor diet quality related to inadequate complementary feeding is a major public health problem in low and middle‐income countries including Ethiopia. Low dietary diversity has been linked to negative health outcomes in children. To provide a package of interventions to close nutritional gaps through agriculture, the Sustainable Undernutrition Reduction in Ethiopia (SURE) programme was set up as a multi‐sectoral initiative and the results of combined effects of community‐based and enhanced nutrition services, compared to community‐based alone, on diet diversity and diet quality of complementary feeding of young children are presented. The study used pre‐ and post‐intervention design. Baseline (n = 4980) data were collected from May to July 2016, and follow‐up (n = 2419) data from December 2020 to January 2021. From 51 intervention districts having the SURE programme, 36 intervention districts were randomly selected for baseline and 31 for the follow‐up survey. The primary outcome was diet quality: minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD). Comparing endline to baseline over the 4.5‐year intervention, the use of standard community‐based nutrition services of growth monitoring and promotion increased (16%–46%), as did enhanced nutrition services of infant and young child feeding counselling, and agricultural advising (62%–77%). Women involved in home gardening significantly increased (73%–93%); however, household production of food decreased yet consumption of most own‐grown foods increased. Importantly, MAD and MDD increased four‐fold. The SURE intervention programme was associated with improvements in complementary feeding and diet quality through enhanced nutrition services. This suggests programmes targeted at nutrition‐sensitive practices can improve child feeding in young children.
Joint column generation and Lagrangian relaxation technique for incident respondent location and allocation
Authors: Atik Asya , Hajibabai Leila 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIncident response operations require effective planning of resources to ensure timely clearance of roadways and avoidance of secondary incidents. This study formulates a mixed‐integer linear program to minimize the total expected travel time and maximize the demand covered. The model accounts for the location, severity, frequency of incidents, dispatching locations, and availability of incident respondents. An integrated methodology that includes column generation and Lagrangian relaxation with a density‐based clustering technique that defines incident hot spots is proposed. The hybrid approach is applied to an empirical case study in Raleigh, NC. A network instance with 10,672 incident sites, clustered with a search distance (ε) of 5 min, is solved efficiently with an optimality gap of 1.37% in 2 min. A Benders decomposition technique is implemented to conduct benchmark analyses. The numerical results suggest that the proposed algorithm can solve the problem efficiently and outperform the benchmark solutions.
Improving hybrid rice parental lines for blast resistance by introgression of broad‐spectrum resistance genes Pi54 and Pi9 by marker‐assisted selection
Authors: Soujanya Thota , Madamsetty Srinivas Prasad , G Sandeep , Hemalatha Vipparthi , K N Yamini , Bandela Edukondalu , A S Hari Prasad , Raman Meenakshi Sundaram , Ponnuswamy Revathi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHybrid rice technology offers a great promise to produce 15% to 20% more yield than pure line varieties. The success of hybrid rice hinges on developing superior parental lines. To improve the blast resistance of hybrid rice parental line RP5933‐1‐19‐2R, crosses were made with donors of two major blast resistance genes namely, Pi54 (Tetep) and Pi9 (IR71033–121‐15) and the resulting F1s were confirmed for their hybridity by using Pi54MAS and NMSMPi9‐1 genic markers. The confirmed F1s were intercrossed to obtain ICF1s and selected positive plants by markers were backcrossed to the recurrent parent, as well as selfed for advancing further to BC1F3 and ICF4 generations. The segregating plants were phenotyped for blast resistance at Uniform Blast Nursery. The identified complete restorers namely, RP 6619‐1, RP 6616‐26, RP 6619‐3 and RP 6619‐11 with Pi9 and Pi54 genes would serve as donors for broad spectrum blast resistance. This could ultimately lead to the development of new rice hybrids with improved resistance to blast disease, which is crucial for sustainable rice production and food security.
How street‐level dilemmas and politics shape divergence: The accountability regimes framework
Authors: Thomann Eva , Maxia James , Ege Jörn 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHierarchical accountability often proves insufficient to control street‐level implementation, where complex, informal accountability relations prevail and tasks must be prioritized. However, scholars lack a theoretical model of how accountability relations affect implementation behaviors that are inconsistent with policy. By extending the Accountability Regimes Framework (ARF), this paper explains how multiple competing subjective street‐level accountabilities translate into policy divergence. The anti‐terrorism “Prevent Duty” policy in the United Kingdom requires university lecturers to report any student they suspect may be undergoing a process of radicalization. We ask: what perceived street‐level accountabilities and dilemmas does this politically contested policy imply for lecturers, and how do they affect divergence? An online survey of British lecturers (N = 809), combined with 35 qualitative follow‐up interviews, reveals that accountability dilemmas trigger policy divergence. The ARF models how street‐level bureaucrats become informal policymakers in the political system when rules clash with their roles as professionals, citizen‐agents, or “political animals.”
Evidence‐based trends and association between symptom disturbance and physical activity among pregnant women: A longitudinal study
Authors: Yeh Chen‐Yu , Chien Li‐Yin , Hwang Fang‐Ming , Huang Jian‐Pei , Lee Ching‐Fang , Chang Chun‐Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWomen usually decrease their physical activity (PA) after becoming pregnant. The change in PA may influence their symptom distress (SD). The changes and correlations between SD and PA throughout pregnancy remain unclear.AimsThe aims of this study were to describe PA and SD trajectories across all three trimesters and examine their correlations during pregnancy.MethodsA repeated‐measure longitudinal study with convenience sampling at a hospital in Northern Taiwan was performed. Participants were recruited at 8–16 weeks of gestation, and two follow‐up visits were performed at 24–28 weeks of gestation (second trimester) and after 36 weeks of gestation (third trimester). A total of 225 participants completed the study. The participants completed the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) and Pregnancy‐related Symptom Disturbance Scale (PSD), and sociodemographic and prenatal variables were recorded.ResultsThroughout pregnancy, SD decreased then increased, showing an overall upward trend, whereas PA showed the opposite pattern, increasing then decreasing, with an overall downward trend. Sedentary activity was positively correlated with both physical and psychological SD during the second and third trimesters. Exceeding the Institute of Medicine's recommendations for gestational weight gain, having childcare support, sport/exercise‐type, and light‐intensity PA were negatively associated with the physical and psychological SD, while a history of miscarriage and sedentary‐intensity PA were positively associated with the physical and psychological SD.Linking Evidence to ActionWhile several factors, including light‐intensity PA, were found negatively associated with the physical and psychological SD, sedentary‐intensity PA were positively associated with the physical and psychological SD, our findings shed light on future intervention strategies to relieve SD and decrease sedentary behavior among pregnant women.
Numerical Study on Modeling and Local Characteristics of a Predetermined Freak Wave
Authors: Deng Yanfei , Zhu Cuizhi , Wang Zixuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A numerical study on the modeling and local characteristics of a predetermined freak wave has been conducted with Computational Fluid Dynamics method. Following the available experimental investigations, a numerical wave tank was accordingly set up based on openfoam source packets. The experimental flap-type wave-maker motion was employed directly to reproduce a specific freak wave. The effects of mesh scheme on freak wave modeling were investigated in depth. Reasonable agreements were achieved between the numerical and experimental results. The wavelet transform method was applied to demonstrate the energy structures of freak wave trains. Special attentions were paid to the particle velocities as well as the dynamic pressure. The results showed that insufficient mesh resolutions could probably result in energy dissipations and phase errors of high-frequency wave components during wave propagations which in turn lead to the shifts of focal positions of freak waves. The particle velocities near the wave crest are extremely large, indicating possible severe wave breaking and impact loads. The theoretical values of similar-shape regular waves could considerably underestimate the particle velocities of freak waves.
An Application of Machine Learning Algorithms on the Prediction of the Damage Level of Rubble-Mound Breakwaters
Authors: Saha Susmita , De Soumen , Changdar Satyasaran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The stability analysis of breakwaters is very important to have a safe and economic design of these coastal protective structures and the damage level is one of the most important parameters in this context. In the recent past, machine learning techniques showed immense potential in transforming many industries and processes, for making them more efficient and accurate. In this study, five advanced machine learning algorithms, support vector regression, random forest, Adaboost, gradient boosting, and deep artificial neural network, were employed and analyzed on estimation of the damage level of rubble-mound breakwaters. A large experimental dataset, considering almost every stability variable with their whole ranges, was used in this purpose. Also, a detailed feature analysis is presented to have an insight into the relations between these variables. It was found that the present study had overcome all of the limitations of existing studies related to this field and delivered the highest level of accuracy.
Nonimaging Behavior of Circular Trough Concentrators With Tubular Receivers
Authors: Timpano Matteo , Cooper Thomas A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a detailed analysis of the optical performance of circular trough concentrators with tubular receivers. First, a simple analytical formula for the achievable geometric concentration ratio as a function of the rim angle and acceptance angle is developed. Notably, the development reveals the existence of three distinct concentration ratio regimes: a first regime where the receiver is sized based on the reflection of the edge rays from the rim alone, a second regime where the receiver is sized based on the rim and the edge ray caustics, and a third regime where two reflections from the mirror are permitted. Several exemplary designs are proposed and further analyzed using Monte Carlo ray tracing to obtain transmission angle curves and receiver flux distributions. For an acceptance angle of 1 deg, the circular trough concentrator with circular receiver is found to achieve a maximum geometric concentration ratio of 7.695× with a peak flux of 30 suns. For large acceptance angles (10 deg), the circular trough achieves a geometric concentration ratio as high as 82% of that of a parabolic trough. This noteworthy performance, along with the fact that a circular mirror is amenable to an inflated polymer construction, makes this configuration promising for low-cost, low-concentration solar thermal applications.
Measuring Oxygenation in Newborn Infants with Targeted Oxygen Ranges (MONITOR): a randomised crossover pilot study
Authors: Christie Fraser G , Kelly Rod , Boardman James P , Stenson Ben J 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThe Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis (NeOProM) Collaboration showed that high (91–95%) versus low (85–89%) SpO2targets reduced mortality. Trials of higher targets are needed to determine whether any more survival advantage may be gained. This pilot study explored the achieved oxygenation patterns observed when targeting SpO292–97% to facilitate the design of future trials.DesignSingle-centre prospective randomised crossover pilot study. Manual FiO2adjustment. Study time 12 hours per infant. 6 hours targeting SpO290–95% and 6 hours targeting SpO292–97%.PatientsTwenty preterm infants born <29 weeks’ gestation, greater than 48 hours old, receiving supplemental oxygen.OutcomesPrimary outcome was percentage time with SpO2above 97% and below 90%. Pre-defined secondary outcomes included percentage time spent within, above or below transcutaneous PO2(TcPO2) 6.7–10.7 kPa (50–80 mm Hg). Comparisons were made using paired-samples t-test (2-tailed).ResultsWith SpO2target 92–97% versus 90–95%, the mean (IQR) percentage time above SpO297% was 11.3% (2.7–20.9) versus 7.8% (1.7–13.9), p=0.02. Percentage time with SpO2<90% was 13.1% (6.7–19.1) versus 17.9% (11.1–22.4), p=0.003. Percentage time with SpO2<80% was 1% (0.1–1.4) versus 1.6% (0.4–2.6), p=0.119. Percentage time with TcPO2<6.7 kPa (50 mm Hg) was 49.6% (30.2–66.0) versus 55% (34.3–73.5), p=0.63. Percentage time above TcPO210.7 kPa (80 mm Hg) was 1.4% (0–1.4) versus 1.8% (0–0), p=0.746.ConclusionsTargeting SpO292–97% produced a right shift in SpO2and TcPO2distribution, with reduced time at SpO2<90% and increased time at SpO2>97%, without increasing time with TcPO2>10.7 kPa (80 mm Hg). Clinical trials targeting this higher SpO2range could be conducted without significant hyperoxic exposure.Trial registration numberNCT03360292.
Early markers of neurodevelopmental disorders based on general movements for very preterm infants: study protocol for a multicentre prospective cohort study in a clinical setting in China
Authors: Wang Jun , Shen Xiushu , Yang Hong , Li Zhihua , Liang Shuyi , Wu Furong , Tang Xinglu , Mao Xujie , He Minsi , Xu Fengdan , Li Xueyan , Li Chengmei , Qian Shuangshuang , Zhu Xiaoyun , Meng Fanzhe , Wu Yun , Gao Herong , Cao Jiayan , Yin Huanhuan , Wang Yin , Huang Yanxiang 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionVery preterm (VPT) infants may experience varying degrees of neurodevelopmental challenges. Lack of early markers for neurodevelopmental disorders may delay referral to early interventions. The detailed General Movements Assessment (GMA) could help us to identify early markers for VPT infants at risk of atypical neurodevelopmental clinical phenotype in the very early stage of life as soon as possible. Preterm infants with high risk of atypical neurodevelopmental outcomes will have the best possible start to life if early precise intervention in critical developmental windows is allowed.Methods and analysisThis is a nationwide, multicentric prospective cohort study that will recruit 577 infants born <32 weeks of age. This study will determine the diagnostic value of the developmental trajectory of general movements (GMs) at writhing and fidgety age with qualitative assessment for different atypical developmental outcomes at 2 years evaluated by the Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese. The difference in the General Movement Optimality Score (GMOS) will be used to distinguish normal (N), poor repertoire (PR) and cramped sychronised (CS) GMs. We plan to build the percentile rank of GMOS (median, 10th, 25th, 75th and 90th percentile rank) in N, PR and CS of each global GM category and analyse the relationship between GMOS in writhing movements and Motor Optimality Score (MOS) in fidgety movements based on the detailed GMA. We explore the subcategories of the GMOS list, and MOS list that may identify specific early markers that help us to identify and predict different clinical phenotypes and functional outcomes in VPT infants.Ethics and disseminationThe central ethical approval has been confirmed from the Research Ethical Board of Children’s Hospital of Fudan University (ref approval no. 2022(029)) and the local ethical approval has been also obtained by the corresponding ethics committees of the recruitment sites. Critical analysis of the study results will contribute to providing a basis for hierarchical management and precise intervention for preterm infants in very early life.Trial registration numberChiCTR2200064521.
In vitro comparison of middle meningeal artery embolization with Squid liquid embolic agent and Contour polyvinyl alcohol particles
Authors: Sadasivan Chander , Dashti Nakisa , Marfoglio Samantha , Fiorella David 
Published: May 2023

Background
Liquid embolic agents and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles have been used for the embolization of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) for the treatment of chronic subdural hematomas. However, the vascular penetration and distribution of these embolic agents have not yet been compared. The current study compares distribution of a liquid embolic agent (Squid) to PVA particles (Contour) in an in vitro model of the MMA.

Methods
MMA models were embolized with Contour PVA particles 45–150 µm, Contour PVA particles 150–250 µm, and Squid-18 liquid embolic agent (n=5 each). The models were scanned and every vascular segment with embolic agent was manually marked on the images. Embolized vascular length as a percentage of control, average embolized vascular diameter, and embolization time were compared between the groups.

Results
The 150–250 µm Contour particles primarily accumulated close to the microcatheter tip, yielding proximal branch occlusions. The 45–150 µm Contour particles achieved a more distal distribution, but in a patchy segmental pattern. However, the models embolized with Squid-18 had a consistently distal, near-complete and homogenous distribution. Embolized vascular length was significantly higher (76±13% vs 5±3%, P=0.0007) and average embolized vessel diameter was significantly smaller (405±25 µm vs 775±225 µm, P=0.0006) with Squid than with Contour. Embolization time with Squid was also lower (2.8±2.4 min vs 6.4±2.7 min, P=0.09).

Conclusions
Squid-18 liquid results in a considerably more consistent, distal and homogeneous pattern of embolysate distribution than Contour PVA particles in an anatomical model of the MMA tree.