bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective, randomized, controlled, multicentre trial for secondary prevention in patients with chronic coronary syndrome using a smartphone application for digital therapy: the CHANGE study protocol
Authors: Düsing Philip , Eckardt Irina , Schirmer Stephan H , Sinning Jan-Malte , Werner Nikos , Bönner Florian , Krogmann Alexander , Schäfer Sebastian , Sedaghat Alexander , Müller Cornelius , Nickenig Georg , Zietzer Andreas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. ‘Stable’ CAD is a chronic progressive condition, which recent European guidelines recommend referring to as ‘chronic coronary syndrome’ (CCS). Despite therapeutic advances, morbidity and mortality among patients with CCS remain high. Optimal secondary prevention in patients with CCS includes optimization of modifiable risk factors with behavioural changes and pharmacological therapy. The CHANGE study aims to provide evidence for optimization of secondary prevention in CCS patients by using a smartphone application (app).

Methods and results
The CHANGE study is designed as a prospective, randomized, controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio, which is currently performed in nine centres in Germany in a parallel group design. 210 patients with CCS will be randomly allocated either to the control group (standard-of-care) or to the intervention group, who will be provided the VantisTherapy* app in addition to standard-of-care to incorporate secondary prevention into their daily life. The study will be performed in an open design. Outcomes will be assessed using objective data from three in-person visits (0, 12, and 24 weeks). Primary outcomes will involve adherence to secondary prevention recommendations and quality of life (QoL). The recruitment process started in July 2022.

Conclusion
The CHANGE study will investigate whether a smartphone-guided secondary prevention app, combined with a monitor function compared with standard-of-care, has beneficial effects on overall adherence to secondary prevention guidelines and QoL in patients with CCS.

Trial registration
The study is listed at the German study registry (DRKS) under the registered number DRKS00028081.
The impact of COVID-19 and COVID vaccination on cardiovascular outcomes
Authors: Akhtar Zubair , Trent Mallory , Moa Aye , Tan Timothy C , Fröbert Ole , MacIntyre C Raina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. COVID-19 vaccination may prevent this, but in some cases, COVID-19 vaccination may cause myocarditis or pericarditis. Patients with COVID-19 may present with non-specific symptoms that have a cardiac origin. This review examines the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 infection and the impact of COVID-19 vaccination. COVID-19 cardiovascular complications include myocardial injury, pericarditis, coagulopathy, myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, and persistent post-acute risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Diagnostic and referral pathways for non-specific symptoms, such as dyspnoea and fatigue, remain unclear. COVID-19 vaccination is cardioprotective overall but is associated with myopericarditis in young males, though at a lower rate than following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Increased awareness among primary care physicians of potential cardiovascular causes of non-specific post-COVID-19 symptoms, including in younger adults, such as fatigue, dyspnoea, and chest pain, is essential. We recommend full vaccination with scheduled booster doses, optimal management of cardiovascular risk factors, rapid treatment of COVID-19, and clear diagnostic, referral, and management pathways for patients presenting with non-specific symptoms to rule out cardiac complications.
Acute myocardial infarction triggered by physical exertion: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Čulić Viktor , Alturki Ahmed , Vio Riccardo , Proietti Riccardo , Jerončić Ana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
While regular physical activity has clear benefits to cardiovascular health, physical exertion can trigger acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to estimate how many AMIs may be attributed to bouts of physical exertion and to explore possible modifiers of this association.

Methods and results
MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for case-crossover studies reporting the relative risk (RR) of exertion-related AMI and exposure prevalence in the control periods. We used the random-effects model to pool the RR estimates and the mixed-effects model and random-effects meta-regression for subgroup analyses and estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) at the population level and in different subgroups. The study met the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses requirements. Twelve studies including 19 891 AMI patients met the criteria for inclusion. There was a strong overall association between episodic physical exertion and AMI [RR = 3.46; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.16–3.78]. The total PAF was 10.6% (95% CI, 9.44–11.83). For each additional year of age, the RR of exertion-related AMI increased by ∼3%, but the PAF decreased by 2%. For each additional time of habitual activity per week, the RR of exertion-related AMI decreased by ∼43%. The impact was greater among those engaged in physical exertion one to three times a week (≥20% of cases) and among those who did not take compared with those who took β-blockers (P = 0.049).

Conclusion
Every tenth AMI may be assigned to physical exertion. The impact was more pronounced among younger patients, those exposed to exertion one to three times a week, and those not taking β-blockers.
Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium STM1266 encodes a regulator of curli biofilm formation: thebrfSgene
Authors: Kao Sarina , Serfecz Jacquelyn , Sudhakar Architha , Likosky Keely , Romiyo Vineeth , Tursi Sarah , Tükel Çağla , Wilson James W 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe major biofilm pathway in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium involves specific growth conditions that induce the csgA gene whose product forms surface curli fibers that mediate biofilm formation. We have found that the previously uncharacterized STM1266 gene in S. Typhimurium plays a role in regulating biofilm formation via the curli pathway. S. Typhimurium ΔSTM1266 strains display a biofilm defect, and overexpression of STM1266 results in enhanced biofilm formation. STM1266 deletion resulted in lowered csgA expression using promoter–reporter β-galactosidase assays, and csgA and csgD deletions abrogate the effects of STM1266 overexpression on biofilm formation while deletion of bcsA (encoding an essential enzyme for cellulose formation) has no effect. In a mouse infection model, the ΔSTM1266 strain displayed results similar to those seen for previously reported ΔcsgA strains. The STM1266 gene is predicted to encode a DNA-binding transcriptional regulator of the MerR family and is homologous to the Escherichia coli BluR regulator protein. We respectfully propose to ascribe the name brfS (biofilm regulator for Salmonella Typhimurium) to the STM1266 gene.
Chromosome-scale genome assembly of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, a global pest of cotton
Authors: Stahlke Amanda R , Chang Jennifer , Chudalayandi Sivanandan , Heu Chan C , Geib Scott M , Scheffler Brian E , Childers Anna K , Fabrick Jeffrey A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a major global pest of cotton. Current management practices include chemical insecticides, cultural strategies, sterile insect releases, and transgenic cotton producing crystalline (Cry) protein toxins of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). These strategies have contributed to the eradication of P. gossypiella from the cotton-growing areas of the United States and northern Mexico. However, this pest has evolved resistance to Bt cotton in Asia, where it remains a critical pest, and the benefits of using transgenic Bt crops have been lost. A complete annotated reference genome is needed to improve global Bt resistance management of the pink bollworm. We generated the first chromosome-level genome assembly for pink bollworm from a Bt-susceptible laboratory strain (APHIS-S) using PacBio continuous long reads for contig generation, Illumina Hi-C for scaffolding, and Illumina whole-genome re-sequencing for error correction. The pseudo-haploid assembly consists of 29 autosomes and the Z sex chromosome. The assembly exceeds the minimum Earth BioGenome Project quality standards, has a low error rate, is highly contiguous at both the contig and scaffold levels (L/N50 of 18/8.26 MB and 14/16.44 MB, respectively), and is complete, with 98.6% of lepidopteran single-copy orthologs represented without duplication. The genome was annotated with 50% repeat content and 14,107 protein-coding genes, further assigned to 41,666 functional annotations. This assembly represents the first publicly available complete annotated genome of pink bollworm and will serve as the foundation for advancing molecular genetics of this important pest species.
Prediction of PGA in earthquake early warning using a long short-term memory neural network
Authors: Wang Ao , Li Shanyou , Lu Jianqi , Zhang Haifeng , Wang Borui , Xie Zhinan 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYPeak ground acceleration (PGA) is a key parameter used in earthquake early warning systems to measure the ground motion strength and initiate emergency protocols at major projects. The traditional P-wave peak displacement-dependent PGA prediction model (Pd-PGA model) tends to underestimate the PGA for large earthquakes because it cannot make full use of the fault continuity rupture information hidden in the time-varying process of ground motion. In this paper, a continuous PGA prediction long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model is proposed. The model takes eight sequential features of stations that are proxies of the energy and other physical parameters as input and provides the recorded PGA at the station as the target output. A total of 5961 records from 119 earthquakes recorded by the Japanese Strong-Motion Earthquake Network (K-NET) in Japan are used to train the neural network and 3433 records from 73 earthquakes are used as the test set to verify the model’s generalization ability. The results show that within the same data set, the residuals of the predicted PGA for the proposed model are smaller than those of the Pd-PGA model and that the problem of PGA underestimation is resolved. The prediction accuracy also improves with increasing sequence length, which indicates that the LSTM neural network learns the rules hidden in the time series. To further verify the model’s generalization ability, the model performance is analyzed for an M 7.3 earthquake that was not included in the training or test data sets. The results show that the residuals of the predicted PGA for the event are consistent with those for the test data set, indicating that the model has good generalization ability.
Efficient wave type fingerprinting and filtering by six-component polarization analysis
Authors: Sollberger David , Bradley Nicholas , Edme Pascal , Robertsson Johan O A 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYWe present a technique to automatically classify the wave type of seismic phases that are recorded on a single six-component recording station (measuring both three components of translational and rotational ground motion) at the Earth’s surface. We make use of the fact that each wave type leaves a unique ’fingerprint’ in the six-component motion of the sensor (i.e. the motion is unique for each wave type). This fingerprint can be extracted by performing an eigenanalysis of the data covariance matrix, similar to conventional three-component polarization analysis. To assign a wave type to the fingerprint extracted from the data, we compare it to analytically derived six-component polarization models that are valid for pure-state plane wave arrivals. For efficient classification, we make use of the supervised machine learning method of support vector machines that is trained using data-independent, analytically derived six-component polarization models. This enables the rapid classification of seismic phases in a fully automated fashion, even for large data volumes, such as encountered in land-seismic exploration or ambient noise seismology. Once the wave-type is known, additional wave parameters (velocity, directionality and ellipticity) can be directly extracted from the six-component polarization states without the need to resort to expensive optimization algorithms. We illustrate the benefits of our approach on various real and synthetic data examples for applications such as automated phase picking, aliased ground-roll suppression in land-seismic exploration and the rapid close-to real-time extraction of surface wave dispersion curves from single-station recordings of ambient noise. Additionally, we argue that an initial step of wave type classification is necessary in order to successfully apply the common technique of extracting phase velocities from combined measurements of rotational and translational motion.
Upadacitinib Induction and Maintenance Therapy Improves Abdominal Pain, Bowel Urgency, and Fatigue in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: A Post Hoc Analysis of Phase 3 Data
Authors: Danese Silvio , Tran Jacinda , D’Haens Geert , Rubin David T , Aoyama Nobuo , Zhou Wen , Ilo Dapo , Yao Xuan , Sanchez Gonzalez Yuri , Panaccione Remo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
This post hoc analysis of a large, phase 3 program evaluated the effects of upadacitinib on fatigue, bowel urgency, and abdominal pain in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis.

Methods
Induction data were pooled from 2 identical studies, the U-ACHIEVE induction and U-ACCOMPLISH studies. Patients in these studies received upadacitinib 45 mg once daily or placebo as induction treatment. Responders to induction treatment were rerandomized in the U-ACHIEVE maintenance study to upadacitinib 15 mg once daily, upadacitinib 30 mg, or placebo. The percentage of patients reporting no abdominal pain and no bowel urgency daily via an electronic diary and a meaningful within-person change (≥5 points) in the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue score were evaluated.

Results
The results demonstrated a statistically significantly greater percentage of patients reporting no abdominal pain and absence of bowel urgency observed from week 2 (P &lt; .001), with upadacitinib induction treatment and clinically meaningful improvements in Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue score observed at week 8 (P &lt; .001), when compared with placebo. The maintenance study showed that significant and meaningful improvements in abdominal pain, bowel urgency, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue score achieved during induction were sustained through 52 weeks of maintenance treatment in upadacitinib- vs placebo-treated patients.

Conclusions
The findings of this study support the additional benefit of upadacitinib in treating moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis by demonstrating a statistically significant impact on clinically meaningful symptoms of fatigue, bowel urgency, and abdominal pain.
(U-ACHIEVE induction and maintenance studies; NCT02819635; U-ACCOMPLISH induction study; NCT03653026).
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use Before and After a Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Singh Noreen , Nugent Zoann , Singh Harminder , Shaffer Seth R , Bernstein Charles N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have an impact on the gut microbiome. We investigated whether increased use of PPIs was associated with a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods
The University of Manitoba IBD Epidemiology Database includes all Manitobans diagnosed with IBD between 1984 and 2018 with age-, sex-, and geography-matched control subjects and comprehensive prescription drug data from April 1995. Subjects were considered to be users if they received 2 PPI prescriptions. We assessed PPI prescriptions prediagnosis and for 3 years postdiagnosis of IBD. The absolute and relative rates were calculated and compared for PPI use pre– and post–IBD diagnosis.

Results
A total of 5920 subjects were diagnosed with IBD after April 1996. Rates of PPI use in control subjects increased gradually from 1.5% to 6.5% over 15 years. Persons with IBD had a higher rate of PPI use, peaking up to 17% within 1 year of IBD diagnosis with a rate ratio (RR) of 3.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.9-3.3). Furthermore, persons with Crohn’s disease (RR, 4.2; 95% CI, 3.7-4.6) were more likely to have been PPI users prediagnosis than persons with ulcerative colitis (RR, 2.4; 95% CI, 2.2-2.7). Important predictors of increased PPI use were older age, year of data collection, and Crohn’s disease diagnosis.

Conclusions
Persons with IBD have higher PPI use preceding their diagnosis. Possibly, the use of a PPI alters the gut microbiome, increasing the risk for IBD diagnosis; or persons with IBD have increased rates of dyspepsia, warranting PPI use; or some IBD symptoms are treated with PPIs whether warranted or not.
Persistence of Antibodies Six Months after Three COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Doses in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Caldera Freddy , Richard Luke , Almasry Mazen , Phan Hiep , Chun Kelly , Farraye Francis A , Hayney Mary S 
Published: February 2023

Lay Summary
We evaluated antibody concentrations 6 months after a third coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccine dose in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Almost all patients had an antibody response, and those with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection had higher antibody concentrations.
Verbs and Adjectives to Nouns: The Evolution of Headwords in Encyclopedias from the Late Seventeenth to the Late Nineteenth Century
Authors: Loveland Jeff 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article examines the changing forms of headwords in the partial differentiation of encyclopedias away from dictionaries from the late seventeenth century to the late nineteenth century. In the past, this differentiation has mostly been studied as a process of reducing lexical content in encyclopedias and reducing encyclopedic content in dictionaries, but it also manifested itself in the grammatical forms of allowable headwords. Specifically, proto-encyclopedias of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries tended to accept verbs and adjectives as headwords, whereas many general encyclopedias from the mid-nineteenth century onward virtually eliminated any headwords except nouns. Here I point to three causes for this development in encyclopedias’ headwords: an influx of historical material as general encyclopedias acquired their modern scope, a de-emphasis on terminology and technolects in favor of coverage of concepts, and a rising concern for standardization and making it easier for readers to find what they wanted.
Critical care pharmacist research activity, experience and interests: a 2021 United Kingdom survey
Authors: Jennings Jennifer K , McKenzie Cathrine , Gondongwe Xolani D , Bourne Richard S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Research and innovation are essential for effective healthcare service delivery, leading to improvements in patient health and wellbeing. National policy dictates that research delivery is embedded into daily practice of United Kingdom (UK) healthcare professionals, including pharmacists. There is a limited understanding of critical care pharmacist research activities, experiences and interests. It is, therefore, important to describe current practice including barriers and facilitators to enable increased engagement.

Objectives
To describe UK critical care pharmacist research activity, experiences, interests and barriers to better engagement.

Method
An electronic survey was developed, piloted and distributed (June to October 2021) to all critical care pharmacists via UK professional organisations.

Key findings
The survey was completed by 126 pharmacists, providing a 54% response rate. Few pharmacists reported research capability (postgraduate qualification with a research component, 31% (39/126)) and opportunity (dedicated research time, 28.6% (36/126)), only 12.7% (16/126) have both these influencers. Those that did, produced significantly more research outputs (median 4 (0,9) versus 0 (0,1), P = 0.023) and undertook grant funding applications (X2 (1, n = 126) = 25.8, P &lt; 0.001), compared to those without. The most frequently reported barrier to research was the time (opportunity), (71.4%, 90/126). Few pharmacists reported having a research mentor (13.3%, 16/120). Most pharmacists reported an interest in collaborating on research projects across a broad range of areas.

Conclusions
Critical care pharmacists are motivated to participate in the evaluation continuum including research, although most report capability and opportunity barriers to delivery. We suggest policy recommendations to address limitations and increase pharmacist research involvement.
Variants in the Sequence of the Probe Hybridization Site May Affect MLPA Performance in Patients with Duchenne/Becker Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Buitrago Tatiana , García-Acero Mary , Guerra-Torres Mariana , Pineda Tatiana , Gámez Tatiana , Suárez-Obando Fernando , García-Robles Reggie , Ayala-Ramírez Paola 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
The MLPA (multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification) technique is currently the test most widely used to detect mutations in the Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene in the initial assessment. However, several studies have suggested that MLPA results require implementing other detection methods due to false duplication. Our aim was to evaluate variables that could alter the peak ratio in MLPA in individuals with Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) who present sequence variants at the probe hybridization site, such as the location of sequence variants (SVs), melting temperature of the probe, and the type of variant.

Methods
We analyzed patients with clinical suspicion of DMD/BMD through the MLPA technique. The DMD gene was sequenced in patients with normal results in MLPA.

Results
Of 111 patients, 72 had an abnormal MLPA result, of which 10 had a single exon abnormal peak, and 39 had a normal peak ratio. Out of 10 patients, 4 (40%) with a single exon abnormal peak ratio had SV at the hybridization site of the probe. In the other 6, the deletion was confirmed. Out of 39 patients with a normal peak ratio, 11 presented SVs at the hybridization site of the probe, and DMD/BMD was confirmed.

Conclusions
In cases of abnormal peak ratio results of MLPA in a single exon, it would be valuable to sequence the DMD gene to assess whether variants in the probe hybridization site might result in a false positive that could be interpreted as an exon deletion.
On Breaking Functional Fixedness: How the Aha! Moment Enhances Perceived Product Creativity and Product Appeal
Authors: Caprioli Sara , Fuchs Christoph , Van den Bergh Bram 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
How do consumers react to products assembled from existing components? Nine studies in both the lab and the field demonstrate that consumers evaluate products as more creative and more appealing when they consist of components that originally served entirely different functions. When consumers realize that the intended functionality of a component is not fixed, but versatile, they experience an aha! moment, which in turn enhances perceived product creativity and product appeal. This research bridges engineering and consumer research providing theoretical contributions to the product design and creativity literature. The findings of this research have substantive implications for designing sustainable products, especially for product upcycling, the process of transforming old or used components into new products.