bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensing preferences for prokaryotic solute binding protein families
Authors: Cerna‐Vargas Jean Paul , Sánchez‐Romera Beatriz , Matilla Miguel A. , Ortega Álvaro , Krell Tino 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSolute binding proteins (SBPs) are of central physiological relevance for prokaryotes. These proteins present substrates to transporters, but they also stimulate different signal transduction receptors. SBPs form a superfamily of at least 33 protein Pfam families. To assess possible links between SBP sequence and the ligand recognized, we have inspected manually all SBP three‐dimensional structures deposited in the protein data bank and retrieved 748 prokaryotic structures that have been solved in complex with bound ligand. These structures were classified into 26 SBP Pfam families. The analysis of the ligands recognized revealed that most families possess a preference for a compound class. There were three families each that bind preferentially saccharides and amino acids. In addition, we identified families that bind preferentially purines, quaternary amines, iron and iron‐chelating compounds, oxoanions, bivalent metal ions or phosphates. Phylogenetic analyses suggest convergent evolutionary events that lead to families that bind the same ligand. The functional link between chemotaxis and compound uptake is reflected in similarities in the ligands recognized by SBPs and chemoreceptors. Associating Pfam families with ligand profiles will be of help to design experimental strategies aimed at the identification of ligands for uncharacterized SBPs.
Measuring geomorphology in river assessment procedures 1: A global overview of current practices
Authors: Papangelakis Elli , Hassan Marwan A. , Luzi David , Burge Leif M. , Peirce Sarah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite geomorphic processes being increasingly recognized as a vital component of river management projects, evidence suggests that they may not be adequately captured in common river assessment procedures. We reviewed 91 river assessment procedures from around the world to evaluate their effectiveness in capturing geomorphic processes relevant for river management goals. Our objectives were to summarize which common geomorphic indicators are measured and how in different types of river assessments categorized based on their main focus: geomorphic, physical habitat, mixed geomorphic and habitat, and hydromorphology. Our analysis identified differences in the types of geomorphic indicators included and measurement methodologies between the types of assessment procedures. Some geomorphic processes, such as sediment transport, are nearly completely absent from all assessments, despite their importance for geomorphic processes. The variability among assessment procedures suggests that a single procedure is unlikely to capture all geomorphic components required to support every river management programs. Here, we discuss how the strengths and limitations of different assessment types can be used to guide decisions around how to select assessments and geomorphic indicators to support management project goals. A companion paper expands the discussion of how to plan effective river assessment procedures to support unique management goals.
Correlations between class I glucose transporter expression patterns and clinical outcomes in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Nakanishi Yoko , Iwai Momoko , Hirotani Yukari , Kato Ren , Tanino Tomoyuki , Nishimaki‐watanabe Haruna , Nozaki Fumi , Ohni Sumie , Tang Xiaoyan , Masuda Shinobu , Sasaki‐fukatsu Kayoko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlucose transporters (GLUTs) are highly expressed in various cancers. However, the implications of these variable expression patterns are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the correlation between class I GLUT expression patterns and clinical outcomes in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including their potential role in inflammatory signaling.MethodsBiopsy tissues from 132 patients with NSCLC (92 adenocarcinomas [ADC] and 40 squamous cell carcinomas [SQCC]) were analyzed. mRNA expression levels of class I GLUTs (solute carrier 2A [SLC2A]1, SLC2A2, SLC2A3, and SLC2A4) and inflammation‐related molecules (toll‐like receptors TLR4, RelA/p65, and interleukins IL8 and IL6) were measured. Cellular localization of GLUT3 and GLUT4 was investigated using immunofluorescence.ResultsSingle, combined, and negative GLUT (SLC2A) expression were observed in 27/92 (29.3%), 27/92 (29.3%), and 38/92 (41.3%, p < 0.001) of ADC and 8/40 (20.0%), 29/40 (72.5%, p < 0.001), and 3/40 (7.5%) of SQCC, respectively. In ADC, the single SLC2A3‐expressed group had a significantly poorer prognosis, whereas the single SLC2A4‐expressed group had a significantly better prognosis. The combined expression groups showed no significant difference. SLC2A expression was not correlated with SQCC prognosis. SLC2A4 expression correlated with lower IL8 expression. GLUT3 and GLUT4 expressions were localized in the tumor cytoplasm.ConclusionsIn lung ADC, single SLC2A3 expression correlated with poor prognosis, whereas single SLC2A4 expression correlated with better prognosis and lower IL8 expression. GLUT3 expression, which is increased by IL8 overexpression, may be suppressed by increasing the expression of GLUT4 through decreased IL8 expression.
Form‐Based Practices and Counter‐Conduct in the Banking Industry*
Authors: Maharaj Gajindra 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper adopts a governmentality framing to examine how form‐based practices and counter‐conduct measures that permeate the banking industry are employed by bank executives who wish to be governed differently in a way that results in the control of customer conduct. Using the data set of the HSBC Case History Hearing released by the US Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations on July 17, 2012, the paper shows how rationalities, programs, and technologies of governance are reproblematized, resulting in changed program policies and technologies. The study also makes two contributions to the literature. First, the paper contributes to our understanding of form‐based practices in the banking industry as a governance mechanism—specifically, how particular practices such as risk management, staff training, and customer training can be coupled with counter‐conduct to circumvent the rules. And second, by looking at rationalities, programs, and technologies, the paper suggests how executives problematize issues in a manner that leads to program changes and to changes in the governmental technologies that depart from the overarching rationalities of the industry.
Transcriptomics age acceleration in prolonged treated HIV infection
Authors: Mikaeloff Flora , Gelpi Marco , Escos Alejandra , Knudsen Andreas D. , Høgh Julie , Benfield Thomas , de Magalhães João Pedro , Nielsen Susanne D. , Neogi Ujjwal 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiological aging in people with HIV (PWH) with prolonged successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) is convoluted and poorly defined. Here, we aimed to investigate the transcriptomics age estimator (TAE) in a cohort of 178 PWH on prolonged successful ART with immune reconstitution and viral suppression from the Copenhagen Comorbidity (COCOMO) cohort. We also used 143 clinical, demographical, and lifestyle factors to identify the confounders potentially responsible or associated with age acceleration. Among the PWH, 43% had an accelerated aging process (AAP), and 21% had decelerated aging process (DAP). DAP is linked with older age, European ancestry, and higher use of tenofovir disoproxil/alafenamide fumarate. A directionally class‐based gene set enrichment analysis identified the upregulation of inflammatory pathways (e.g., cytokine and Retinoic acid‐inducible gene I (RIG‐I)‐like receptor signaling pathways) and immune response like T‐cell receptor signaling, antigen processing, and presentation in AAP and the downregulation of metabolic processes like oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate metabolism.
Concurrency of additional canals in mandibular incisors and second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molars: A cone‐beam computed tomography investigation
Authors: Liu Jinchi , Tang Bei , Xu Xin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the concurrency of additional canals in mandibular incisors and the second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molars among the Chinese population. In total, 8644 cone‐beam computed tomography images from 8644 patients with bilateral mandibular incisors and maxillary first molars were examined. The data were analysed using Chi‐square test, binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve. Among the patients with additional canals in mandibular central and lateral incisors, 96.2% and 95.5% of them had second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molars, respectively. Additional canals of mandibular incisors and second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molars exhibited a concurrent relationship. The prevalence of second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molars increased with the number of mandibular incisors with additional canals. Moreover, when there was at least one mandibular incisor with additional canals, the presence of the second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molars could be highly expected.
Unintended Consequences of Leverage Regulation: Evidence from Korea*
Authors: Jung Taejin , Kim Natalie Kyung Won , Lee Woo‐Jong , Yang Daniel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring the 1997 Asian financial crisis, Korean regulators imposed a 200% leverage cap to curb excessive debt and restore economic stability. We examine the real effects and externalities of mandated capital structure changes resulting from this leverage ratio regulation. Our findings indicate that firms that met the leverage requirement experienced a significant decrease in firm risk. However, the effect varied depending on how firms adjusted their capital structure. Firms that chose to issue equity to lower their leverage ratio, as opposed to firms repaying debt, exhibited higher firm risk, lower investment‐q sensitivity, and lower profitability in the post‐regulation period.
Blue Morpho
Authors: van Roekel Cordiviola Eva 
Published: August 2023

SummaryIn what why can fiction help us craft and share ethnographic work when life is in flux and the people with whom we live with also have a hard time making “rational” sense of what is happening to them? This ethnographic fiction about love, quandary, and rebirth is set against the deep crisis in Venezuela—money has become worthless, families are shattered, mutual trust has evaporated, jobs and food are scarce, and everyone is trying to make a living. The creative endeavour arose during online exchanges with research participants and friends, the re‐reading of fieldnotes, and the surfacing of poignant memories while growing up with a Venezuelan family twenty years ago. The plot around the butterfly coalesced with these personal memories and an emerging understanding of natural abundance, human, fragility, and metamorphosis in how Venezuelans make sense of loss and inequality. The storyline follows the life of Marianela, an upper middle‐class woman born and bred in Caracas, who ends up in a goldmine in the south of Venezuela with her three‐year daughter Alba. One day, at the Brazilian border, a blue butterfly warns her that her beloved caretaker passed away. To overcome this loss, Marianela intents to finally break away from subjugation.
Colonial Continuities in Closure: Indigenous Mine Labour and the Canadian state
Authors: Hall Rebecca , Pryce Brandon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe benefits of employment in resource extraction figure prominently in state rationales for resource extraction. However, in Canada, the site of study, while the worker is a key figure in rationales for extraction, this same worker disappears in state attention to extractive/mine closure. The paper's focus on Indigenous mining labour is driven by a community–university research partnership with Dene communities in the Northwest Territories facing forthcoming closure of diamond mines on their land. Approaching mine closure as a juncture that can both reproduce or resist the settler extractive economy, we argue that the Canadian state responses to the labour implications of mine closure, and its lack of coherence, express the settler‐colonial tension between the reproduction of the (Canadian) settler state and its requisite labour force, and the social reproduction of Indigenous communities.
Infants born to first‐time mothers with a refugee background faced an increased risk of regulatory problems
Authors: Marti‐Castaner Maria , Hvidtfeldt Camila , Fredsted Villadsen Sarah , Pagh Pedersen Trine , Elsenburg Leonie K. , Norredam Marie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThis study investigated the association between mothers' migration background and infant regulatory problems and analysed the mediating role of maternal mental health. We also explored whether the child's sex, parity and length of residence moderated the effect of a maternal migrant background.MethodsChild health surveillance data from the Danish home visiting programme were used. Community health nurses followed infants from birth to 12 months of age. The source population comprised 103 813 infants born between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2018. The final sample comprised 62 964 infants, including 3.4% with a refugee background. A maternal migrant background was the primary exposure. The results are presented as risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsA maternal refugee background increased the risk of regulatory problems in offspring (RR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.18–1.51). The effect was partially mediated by maternal postpartum mental health concerns. The association between maternal refugee background and infant regulatory problems was more pronounced in first‐time mothers (RR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.51–2.15).ConclusionThe risk of infant regulatory problems was higher in the first‐born children of refugee mothers. First‐time refugee parents may need tailored support to identify mental health needs and infants with regulatory problems.
Investigation of Ukrainian refugees' eating behavior, food intake, and psychological distress: Study protocol and baseline data
Authors: Lytvynenko Olena , König Laura M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSince the start of the war in Ukraine, almost 8 million people left the country; more than 1 million of them relocated to Germany. It is to be expected that the war puts considerable strain on refugees, which will impact the public health system in host countries. This paper presents baseline data and protocol of longitudinal online experimental study of 619 Ukrainian refugees in Germany started in autumn 2022, focusing on participants' self‐reports of appetite, food intake, and levels of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms to examine their associations. Results indicate that levels of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in refugees significantly exceed the indicators of relevant parameters as reported by independent large‐scale surveys conducted in Ukraine before the war as well as strong correlations between these deviations (.59 ≤ r ≤ .69, p = .005). Changes in appetite were related to more severe psycho‐emotional deviations (.15 ≤ r ≤ .19, p = .003) and somewhat unhealthier food intake (r = −.08, p < .001). The study underlines the need of psychological care for refugees to improve their mental health and counteract potential negative consequences for physical health via changes in food intake, for which suitable interventions need to be developed.
Board cultural diversity and bank social performance: The mediating role of corporate social responsibility strategy
Authors: Gangi Francesco , Varrone Nicola , Coscia Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study investigates how board cultural diversity (BCD) affects bank stakeholder engagement through improved corporate social performance (CSP) and whether banks' corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy mediates the relationship between BCD and banks' social performance. Adopting an international sample of 379 banks from 2010 to 2019, we found that BCD improves engagement in socially responsible issues in the banking sector. Moreover, we show a mediating role of strategic CSR on the relationship between BCD and banks' social performance. Hence, we contribute to the research on the role of corporate governance mechanisms as drivers of CSR engagement. Furthermore, based on the mediation effect of strategic CSR, we advance the discussion on the link between BCD and banks' social performance. Our findings provide implications for banks and policy‐makers, indicating the opportunity to promote cultural diversity, which supports socially responsible banking, while a CSR strategy positively impacts the stakeholder approach in the banking industry.
Why multimedia might matter: The impact of animations and images on item performance and test‐taker behaviour
Authors: Lehane Paula , Scully Darina , O'Leary Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe use of animations and images in technology‐based assessments (TBAs) represents a significant change in assessment design. To ensure that appropriate inferences can be drawn from assessments that use multimedia stimuli, their impact on test‐taker performance and behaviour must be investigated. To achieve this, an experiment was conducted with 251 Irish post‐primary students using an animated and text‐image version of the same TBA of scientific literacy. Eye movement (n = 33) and interview data (n = 12) were also collected as a measure of test‐taker attentional behaviour. Overall, there was no significant difference in test‐taker performance when identical items used animated or text‐image stimuli. However, items with dynamic stimuli often had higher discrimination indices indicating that these items were better at distinguishing between those with differing levels of knowledge. Eye movement data also revealed that dynamic item stimuli encouraged longer average fixation durations on the response area of an item. These findings indicate that multimedia stimuli may potentially affect how test‐takers interact with online assessments. This has implications for what claims can be made about a learner's performance on an assessment. Recommendations for policy, practice and future research are considered.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic:

The use of multimedia stimuli in the form of diagrams, high‐resolutions images, animations, and simulations are becoming more commonplace in technology‐based assessments (TBAs) for post‐primary aged learners.
It is unclear what impact the use of multimedia stimuli can have on an individual's performance and behaviour in assessment/testing contexts.
Eye movement data can be used to support our understanding of test‐takers' interactions with TBAs.
What this paper adds:

By comparing the use of different types of multimedia stimuli (animations vs images), this study has responded to calls for a more in‐depth examination of test items involving multimedia stimuli for TBAs.
While there was no difference in test‐taker performance between those who saw test items with different forms of multimedia stimuli, key differences in attentional behaviour were noted. Test‐takers interacted with the assessment differently pending the multimedia stimuli used.
The current study showed that dynamic stimuli may be a way to improve item discrimination, which is generally desirable in assessments.
Implications for practice and/or policy:

Certain design features appeared to add additional ‘assessment load’. This information could be leveraged to improve test item design and test specifications. It may also encourage test‐developers to reconsider what claims they make about individuals who complete assessments with these features.
Eye‐tracking technology has huge potential to support research in online assessment environments.
An embodied, analogical and disruptive approach of AI pedagogy in upper elementary education: An experimental study
Authors: Dai Yun , Lin Ziyan , Liu Ang , Wang Wenlan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile AI has become more prevalent in our society than ever, many young learners are found holding various naive, erroneous conceptions of AI due to the influence of their technology and media environments. To address this issue, this study seeks to propose a novel pedagogical solution to improve upper‐elementary school students' scientific understanding of AI. Following a theory‐informed design convention, we propose an embodied, analogical and disruptive (EAD) approach which is centred on a human–AI comparison through analogical teaching and embodied interaction. To evaluate the impact of this approach, a matched‐group experimental study with pre‐ and posttest interviews was conducted among 77 Grade 6 elementary students in China. The statistical analysis showed that the experimental group, learning via the EAD approach, significantly outperformed their counterparts receiving direct instruction in terms of student growth in understanding. Qualitative analyses revealed the strengths of the EAD approach in supporting student engagement, abstract thinking and system thinking, and its limitations in cognitive overload and communication issues. Patterns of student learning were identified, including their mental schemas and strategies. The EAD approach, as an evidence‐based, age‐appropriate pedagogical solution, demonstrates the value of embodied cognition and human–AI analogy in AI education in elementary education.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Many young students hold naive, erroneous conceptions about AI.
Pedagogical design has long been a critical challenge in teaching AI in K‐12 schools.
Human–AI analogies are often used to teach AI, but with obvious pitfalls to be fixed.
What this paper adds

An embodied, analogical and disruptive (EAD) approach is proposed to improve students’ understandings of AI.
An experimental study shows statistically significant greater gains in students’ understanding with the EAD approach than with the conventional AI‐only direct instruction approach.
Qualitative analysis shows the strength of the EAD approach in supporting student engagement, abstract thinking and systems thinking, and its limitations in cognitive overload and communication issues.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The EAD approach offers a novel pedagogical solution to promote inclusive and quality AI education for young learners.
The EAD approach highlights the pedagogical value of embodied cognition and human–AI analogy in AI education.
The EAD approach can complement programming and other plugged activities in AI, and more broadly technology and engineering education.