bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value and limitations of using predetermined criteria in decision making for maternal‐fetal interventions
Authors: Premkumar Ashish , Fry Jessica T. , Bolden Janelle R. , Grobman William A. , Michelson Kelly N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaternal‐fetal interventions—such as prenatal fetal myelomeningocele (MMC) repair—are at the forefront of clinical innovation within maternal‐fetal medicine, pediatric surgery, and neonatology. Many centers determine eligibility for innovative procedures using pre‐determined inclusion and exclusion criteria based on seminal studies, for example, the “Management of Myelomeningocele Study” for prenatal MMC repair. What if a person's clinical presentation does not conform to predetermined criteria for maternal‐fetal intervention? Does changing criteria on a case‐by‐case basis (i.e., ad hoc) constitute an innovation in practice and flexible personalized care or transgression of commonly held standards with potential negative consequences? We outline principle‐based, bioethically justified answers to these questions using fetal MMC repair as an example. We pay special attention to the historical origins of inclusion and exclusion criteria, risks and benefits to the pregnant person and the fetus, and team dynamics. We include recommendations for maternal‐fetal centers facing these questions.
In‐depth discovery of protein lactylation in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs a prevalent cancer type, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for a number of tumor‐related deaths worldwide. Substantial efforts from various aspects, including RNA and proteins, have been devoted to understanding the mechanisms of HCC and proposing therapeutic schemes correspondingly. Within one of the important fields in cancer research – protein post‐translational modifications (PTMs), recent discoveries revealed much broader landscapes of lysine lactylation (Kla) distributed in whole human proteome. Upon realizing the relation between Kla and cancers, Hong et al. (Proteomics 2023, 23, 2200432) comprehensively profiled lactylproteome in HCC tissues for the first time. All collected and processed samples were categorized into normal liver tissues, HCC without metastasis or HCC with lung metastasis tissues. As a result, 2045 Kla modification sites from 960 proteins were identified and 1438 sites from 772 proteins were quantifiably measured. Many differentially expressed Kla‐proteins emerged and meant to contribute HCC formation and metastatsis. Among them, specific Kla sites from ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14) and ATP‐binding cassette family 1 (ABCF1) were respectively verified as diagnostic indicators to characterize HCC and its metastasis. This work was of great significance, and made impacts in terms of further discovery of HCC rationale, as well as diagnosis of HCC status and targeted therapies.
What would you like to ask your audience? Enhancing feedback value in PM&R grand rounds through customizable evaluation forms with presenter‐generated questions
Authors: Hearn Sandra L. , Yang Jun , Chapman Chris , DiPonio Lisa A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFeedback and evaluation are important in the professional development of academic physiatrists. Yet, physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) learners giving academic presentations receive limited narrative feedback through generic evaluation forms.ObjectiveTo assess whether customizable evaluation forms that integrate a presenter's specific questions would be associated with an increase in quantity and quality of narrative feedback received from the audience.DesignSeparate samples pre‐post intervention study.SettingA large academic PM&R department's grand rounds.ParticipantsPM&R faculty and trainees attending grand rounds (10–50 attendees with one presenter per session). The study included 20 presentations pre intervention (across 1 year) and 38 presentations post intervention (across about 3 years).InterventionA customizable evaluation form that integrates a presenter's own questions into a tailored evaluation form comprising both standardized and presenter‐built questions.Main Outcome Measure(s)Narrative feedback quantity was defined as the mean percentage and number of evaluation forms per presentation with at least one comment. Narrative feedback quality included three metrics: mean percentage and number of evaluation forms per presentation with comments that (1) contained ≥8 words, (2) referenced something specific, and (3) offered an actionable suggestion.ResultsCompared to preintervention, presentations in the postintervention period had a greater mean percentage of evaluation forms containing at least one comment (pre = 33.4%, post =74.7%, p < .001), a comment that contained ≥8 words (pre = 20.2%, post = 44.2%, p < .001), a comment that referenced something specific (pre = 19.6%, post = 55.1%, p < .001), and a comment that offered an actionable suggestion (pre = 10.2%, post = 22.2%, p < .001).ConclusionsUse of a customizable evaluation form in PM&R grand rounds that integrates a presenter's own questions was associated with a greater mean percentage of evaluation forms containing comments as well as comments meeting quality metrics related to length, specificity, and actionability.
Constraint‐induced movement therapy versus bimanual intensive therapy in children with hemiplegia showing low/very low bimanual functional performance: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Palomo‐Carrión Rocío , Ferri‐Morales Asunción , Ando‐LaFuente Sara , Fernández Rubén Arroyo , Arenillas Jose Ignacio Calvo , Antón‐Antón Virgilia , Esteban Elisabeth Bravo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionChildren with infantile hemiplegia with low or very low bimanual functional performance have great impediments to spontaneously use their affected upper limb, which affects their performance of day‐to‐day activities and their quality of life.ObjectiveTo determine whether the order of application and the dose of modified constraint‐induced movement therapy within a combined (hybrid) protocol influences the results of bimanual functional performance of the affected upper limb and the quality of life of children with congenital hemiplegia (5 to 8 years old) with low/very low bimanual functional performance.DesignSingle‐blinded randomized controlled trial.ParticipantsTwenty‐one children with congenital hemiplegia (5 to 8 years old) were recruited from two public hospitals and an infantile hemiplegia association in Spain.InterventionsThe experimental group (n = 11) received 100 hours of intensive therapies for the affected upper limb: 80 hours of modified constraint‐induced movement therapy and 20 hours of bimanual intensive therapy. The control group (n = 10) received the same dose with 80 hours of bimanual intensive therapy and 20 hours of modified constraint‐induced movement therapy. The protocol was provided 2 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 10 weeks.Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was bimanual functional performance, measured with the Assisting Hand Assessment, and the second outcome was quality of life, measured with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Cerebral‐Palsy module (PedsQL v. 3.0, CP module). Four assessments were performed: Weeks 0, 4, 8, and 10.ResultsThe experimental group obtained an increase of 22 assisting hand assessment (AHA) units at week 8 with the application of modified constraint‐induced movement, in contrast with the control group, which obtained an increase of 3.7 AHA units after bimanual intensive therapy. At week 10, the control group showed its greatest increase in bimanual functional performance, with 10.6 AHA units after modified constraint‐induced movement therapy. Regarding quality of life, the greatest improvement occurred after modified constraint‐induced movement, with 13.1 points in the experimental group (80 hours) and 6.3 points in the control group (20 hours). The protocol interaction was statistically significant for bimanual functional performance (p = .018) and quality of life (p = .09).ConclusionsModified constraint‐induced movement therapy is more beneficial than bimanual intensive therapy for improving upper limb functioning and quality of life in children with congenital hemiplegia showing low/very low bimanual performance.ClinicalTrials.gov IdentifierNCT03465046.
Hair and urine lead, cadmium, nickel, and arsenic levels in children with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder: A case–control study in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India
Authors: Nayak Saurav , Sahu Suchanda , John Joseph , Patra Suravi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAttention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and/or hyperactivity–impulsivity. It is one of the most widespread neurodevelopmental conditions and has compound etiopathogenesis involving both environmental and genetic factors. Though the role of heavy metals on ADHD has been implicated but is less studied. Hair and urine are two non‐invasive methods which can substitute blood as a method of monitoring and assessing heavy metal levels. Twenty‐four cases of ADHD and their age matched healthy children (24) were taken as controls. Hair and urine samples were analyzed for lead, cadmium, nickel, and arsenic using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES) after acid digestion and extraction. The levels of heavy metals were significantly higher in cases; lead (p = .004, .003), cadmium (p = .020, <.001), and nickel (p = .016, <.001) of the hair and urine samples, respectively. Arsenic was below the limit of detection for all the samples. Hence, in conclusion, the heavy metal levels in hair and urine were significantly higher in ADHD cases as compared to their healthy counterparts.
Evolution of large Aβ16–22 aggregates at atomic details and potential of mean force associated to peptide unbinding and fragmentation events
Authors: Iorio Antonio , Timr Štěpán , Chiodo Letizia , Derreumaux Philippe , Sterpone Fabio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAtomic characterization of large nonfibrillar aggregates of amyloid polypeptides cannot be determined by experimental means. Starting from β‐rich aggregates of Y and elongated topologies predicted by coarse‐grained simulations and consisting of more than 100 Aβ16–22 peptides, we performed atomistic molecular dynamics (MD), replica exchange with solute scaling (REST2), and umbrella sampling simulations using the CHARMM36m force field in explicit solvent. Here, we explored the dynamics within 3 μs, the free energy landscape, and the potential of mean force associated with either the unbinding of one single peptide in different configurations within the aggregate or fragmentation events of a large number of peptides. Within the time scale of MD and REST2, we find that the aggregates experience slow global conformational plasticity, and remain essentially random coil though we observe slow beta‐strand structuring with a dominance of antiparallel beta‐sheets over parallel beta‐sheets. Enhanced REST2 simulation is able to capture fragmentation events, and the free energy of fragmentation of a large block of peptides is found to be similar to the free energy associated with fibril depolymerization by one chain for longer Aβ sequences.
Safety instrumented system design with credible failure rates: The key to achieving plant safety
Authors: Limaye Rajeev 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe influence of the dangerous undetected failure rate, ƛdu, on safety instrumented system (SIS) design has evolved over last 30 years. Now, ƛdu has a significant impact on the SIS design. Using unrealistically low ƛdu can lead to an unsafe SIS design and thus compromise the plant safety. This paper explains some of the reasons why some published ƛdu could be unrealistically low. To address this challenge, ISA TR84 committee Working Group 02 has undertaken an effort to develop a failure rate credibility assessment tool. In this tool, the user will answer a series of questions, and the weighted score of answers will provide a credibility rank for the published device failure rate. This paper will explain the approach of this tool, its target users, and its benefits.
A microbial bioherbicide for Striga hermonthica control: production, development, and effectiveness of a seed coating agent
Authors: Lüth Peter , Nzioki Henry Sila , Sands Baker Claire , Sands David Chandler 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWitchweed (Striga hermonthica), also called striga, is a parasitic weed that causes high yield losses in maize on more than 200 000 ha in Kenya alone. A new commercial, biological herbicide developed in Kenya is able to control striga effectively. The product was approved for use by the Pest Control Products Board in Kenya in September, 2021. It is self‐produced in villages using a secondary inoculum provided by a commercial company. The formulated product has some disadvantages, which are a complicated production process, a very short shelf life and high application rate. Additionally, the product has to be applied manually and therefore can only be used in manual production, leaving out the opportunity for farmers using mechanization. For this reason, efforts have been made to formulate the active ingredient Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. strigae strain DSM 33471, as a powder and to use it as a seed coating agent. This article deals with the production of the Fusarium spore powder, its properties, its application to the seed, and its herbicidal effect demonstrated in the first two field trials. The F. oxysporum strain was originally isolated from a wilting striga plant in Kenya. The strain was virulence enhanced to over produce the amino acids leucine, methionine and tyrosine. These amino acids are responsible for a second mode of action apart from the wilting causing effect of the fungus on striga. Whereas leucine and tyrosine have a herbicidal effect, ethylene from methionine triggers the germination of striga seeds in the soil. Additionally, the strain has been improved to be resistant to the fungicide captan, which is commonly used to treat maize seed in Kenya. Seed coating tests conducted on 25 striga‐infested small holder farms spread out in six counties of western Kenya reported yield increases of up to 88%. A second trial carried out by the Kenyan Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization showed a 93% reduction of emerged striga plants. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Insulin‐like growth factor binding Protein‐4: A novel indicator of pulmonary arterial hypertension severity and survival
Authors: Torres Guillermo , Yang Jun , Griffiths Megan , Brandal Stephanie , Damico Rachel , Vaidya Dhananjay , Simpson Catherine E. , Pauciulo Michael W. , Nichols William C. , Ivy David D. , Austin Eric D. , Hassoun Paul M. , Everett Allen D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProteomic analysis of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has demonstrated significant abnormalities in the insulin‐like growth factor axis (IGF). This study proposed to establish associations between a specific binding protein, insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP4), and PAH severity as well as survival across varying study cohorts. In all cohorts studied, serum IGFBP4 levels were significantly elevated in PAH compared to controls (p < 0.0001). IGFBP4 concentration was also highest in the connective tissue‐associated PAH (CTD‐PAH) and idiopathic PAH subtypes (876 and 784 ng/mL, median, respectively). After adjustment for age and sex, IGFBP4 was significantly associated with worse PAH severity as defined by a decreased 6‐min walk distance (6MWD), New York heart association functional class (NYHA‐FC), REVEAL 2.0 score and higher right atrial pressures. In longitudinal analysis provided by one of the study cohorts, IGFBP4 was prospectively significantly associated with a shorter 6MWD, worse NYHA‐FC classification, and decreased survival. Cox multivariable analysis demonstrated higher serum IGFBP4 as an independent predictor of survival in the overall PAHB cohort. Therefore, this study established that higher circulating IGFBP4 levels were significantly associated with worse PAH severity, decreased survival and disease progression. Dysregulation of IGF metabolism/growth axis may play a significant role in PAH cardio‐pulmonary pathobiology.
Observer‐based adaptive backstepping control and the application for a class of multi‐input multi‐output nonlinear systems with structural uncertainties and perturbations
Authors: Su Bowen , Zhang Fan , Huang Panfeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, the adaptive backstepping control of a class of multi‐input multi‐output nonlinear systems with immeasurable states, structural uncertainties and periodic perturbations is researched using neural network (NN) based nonlinear observer. Firstly, a series of harmonic components obtained from Fourier series expansion (FSE) are employed to estimate the unknown periodic perturbations. Then treating the estimated perturbations as inputs, a radial basis function‐based neural network (RBFNN) is constructed as a component of the observer, and the observer is proved to be uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) in estimating the immeasurable system states with the negative‐gradient adaptive laws of NN parameters. Subsequently, the adaptive backstepping control is designed to track reference signals at the outputs of system based on the FSE‐RBFNN observer, and the stability of the closed‐loop system is proved on a finite set of system states. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to a triangular tethered satellite formation model to test the stability of the observer and control, and the effect of FSE in estimating perturbations is comparatively tested as well.
Design of a Flexible Enzyme‐less Glucose Sensor Based on Non‐woven Fabric and Fe‐Doped CuO Nanocomposite
Authors: Mashhadizadeh Mohammad Hossein , Abdollahi Ghasem 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmong various enzyme‐free sensors, transition metals and their oxides have been used as suitable modifiers for the design of glucose electrochemical sensors due to their availability and low cost. In the present study, a flexible, enzyme‐less, nonwoven fabric‐based glucose sensor was developed. We synthesized the Fe‐doped CuO (Fe/CuO) chemically and used it as a modifier to the carbon paste to achieve this. A working electrode was created by stabilizing the paste on a nonwoven fabric. The fabric used did not require any pre‐preparation except cleaning. The synthesized Fe/CuO was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical properties of the Fe/CuO nanocomposite on the textile electrode were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In the proposed enzyme‐free sensor, Fe/CuO catalyzed the oxidation of glucose on the electrode surface. The sensor has high sensitivity, a wide linear range (2.5×10−3–6.57 mM), a low detection limit (8.0×10−4 mM), long‐term stability, and good selectivity. Finally, the sensor was used to determine the amount of glucose in a human sweat sample.
Synthesis and Application of Fe3O4@RHA@MEL‐SO3H Nanocatalyst in the Synthesis of 1‐amidoalkyl‐2‐naphthols through a Statistical Approach to Optimize the Reaction Conditions
Authors: Shahbazarab Zeinab , Nasr‐Esfahani Masoud 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe future age of sustainable development in organic synthesis requires natural sources with properties such as cost‐effectiveness, biodegradability, availability, durability, and environmentally friendly resources. An instance of material that has these favorable properties is the rice husk ash (RHA) covered the Fe3O4 nanoparticles, followed by melamine sulfonic acid immobilization. In this study, rice husk ash was obtained, and then by adding Fe3O4, melamine, and ClSO3H in different stages and with different solvents, Fe3O4@RHA@MEL‐SO3H nanocatalyst was prepared as a solid acid and characterized using TGA, FT‐IR, EDX, VSM, Fe‐SEM, and XRD methods. Then, the use of Fe3O4@RHA@MEL‐SO3H catalyst as a green nanocatalyst for 1‐amidoalkyl‐2‐naphthols preparation via multi‐component condensation of benzamide, aromatic aldehydes, and 2‐naphthol in solvent‐free conditions was investigated. Considering the important parameters (temperature, reaction time, and catalyst amount) in the reaction since experimental design increase process efficiency, and decrease cost and experimental time, this is the successful technique for the effects of their variables and their interactions. The experimental design was performed to optimize the reaction conditions, and the effect of the three parameters, namely, temperature, reaction time, and catalyst amount were investigated by the response surface methodology (RSM). This study showed that the heterogeneous nanocatalyst has the advantage of being recyclable, which is no trouble separated from the reaction mixture by an external magnet and can be reused up to 9 times; it also has a high product yield, short reaction time, and environmentally and economically good performance.
Polymer‐Grafted, Gold Nanoparticle‐Based Nano‐Capsules as Reversible Colorimetric Tensile Strain Sensors
Authors: Kim Jae‐Hyun , Rosenfeld Joseph , Kim Ye Chan , Choe Sean , Composto Russell J. , Lee Daeyeon , Dreyfus Rémi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractColloidal colorimetric microsensors enable the in‐situ detection of mechanical strains within materials. Enhancing the sensitivity of these sensors to small scale deformation while enabling reversibility of the sensing capability would expand their utility in applications including biosensing and chemical sensing. In this study, we introduce the synthesis of colloidal colorimetric nano‐sensors using a simple and readily scalable fabrication method. Colloidal nano sensors are prepared by emulsion‐templated assembly of polymer‐grafted gold nanoparticles (AuNP). To direct the adsorption of AuNP to the oil‐water interface of emulsion droplets, AuNP (≈11nm) are functionalized with thiol‐terminated polystyrene (PS, Mn = 11k). These PS‐grafted gold nanoparticles are suspended in toluene and subsequently emulsified to form droplets with a diameter of ≈30µm. By evaporating the solvent of the oil‐inwater emulsion, we form nanocapsules (AuNC) (diameter < 1µm) decorated by PS‐grafted AuNP. To test mechanical sensing, the AuNC are embedded in an elastomer matrix. The addition of a plasticizer reduces the glass transition temperature of the PS brushes, and in turn imparts reversible deformability to the AuNC. The plasmonic peak of the AuNC shifts towards lower wavelengths upon application of uniaxial tensile tension, indicating increased inter‐nanoparticle distance, and reverts back as the tension is released.