bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interannual variability of the Indian Ocean subtropical mode water based on the Argo data
Authors: Adiwira Hanani , Suga Toshio 
Published: June 2023

Gaining insight into the interannual variability of the Indian Ocean Subtropical Mode Water (IOSTMW) is essential for understanding ocean dynamics in the Southwest Indian Ocean, since it carries the signal of winter mixing and transports it into the ocean interior. As the number of Argo profiles in the Southwest Indian Ocean increases, it has become possible to study temporal variations in IOSTMW using observation data. We used Argo products to examine the interannual variability of the IOSTMW from 2005 to 2020. We examined various definitions to determine the most suitable definition for IOSTMW in this study, choosing to define the IOSTMW as a layer with a vertical temperature gradient of less than 1°C per 100 meters (dT/dz&lt; 1°C/100 m) and a temperature range of 16°C–18°C because this correlates strongly with winter heat loss in the same year. This method is particularly useful for investigating how mode water captures anomalous winter mixing signals and advects them to the ocean interior via subduction. Furthermore, we found that summer stratification can play a role in either facilitating or hindering the formation of thick IOSTMW layers. Our study indicates that thin IOSTMW layers are primarily caused by extremely weak winter heat loss associated with anomalously weak latent heat, whereas thick IOSTMW formation is aided by weak summer stratification.
Identification and prediction of m7G-related Alzheimer’s disease subtypes: insights from immune infiltration and machine learning models
Authors: Ma Chao , Li Jian , Chi Yuhua , Sun Xuan , Yang Maoquan , Sui Xueqin 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects older individuals. N7-methylguanosine (m7G) is a common RNA chemical modification that impacts the development of numerous diseases. Thus, our work investigated m7G-related AD subtypes and established a predictive model.MethodsThe datasets for AD patients, including GSE33000 and GSE44770, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which were derived from the prefrontal cortex of the brain. We performed differential analysis of m7G regulators and examined the immune signatures differences between AD and matched-normal samples. Consensus clustering was employed to identify AD subtypes based on m7G-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and immune signatures were explored among different clusters. Furthermore, we developed four machine learning models based on the expression profiles of m7G-related DEGs and identified five important genes from the optimal model. We evaluated the predictive power of the 5-gene-based model using an external AD dataset (GSE44770).ResultsA total of 15 genes related to m7G were found to be dysregulated in patients with AD compared to non-AD patients. This finding suggests that there are differences in immune characteristics between these two groups. Based on the differentially expressed m7G regulators, we categorized AD patients into two clusters and calculated the ESTIMATE score for each cluster. Cluster 2 exhibited a higher ImmuneScore than Cluster 1. We performed the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to compare the performance of four models, and we found that the Random Forest (RF) model had the highest AUC value of 1.000. Furthermore, we tested the predictive efficacy of a 5-gene-based RF model on an external AD dataset and obtained an AUC value of 0.968. The nomogram, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) confirmed the accuracy of our model in predicting AD subtypes.ConclusionThe present study systematically examines the biological significance of m7G methylation modification in AD and investigates its association with immune infiltration characteristics. Furthermore, the study develops potential predictive models to assess the risk of m7G subtypes and the pathological outcomes of patients with AD, which can facilitate risk classification and clinical management of AD patients.
Association of brain tissue cerebrospinal fluid fraction with age in healthy cognitively normal adults
Authors: Zhou Liangdong , Li Yi , Sweeney Elizabeth M. , Wang Xiuyuan H. , Kuceyeski Amy , Chiang Gloria C. , Ivanidze Jana , Wang Yi , Gauthier Susan A. , de Leon Mony J. , Nguyen Thanh D. 
Published: June 2023

Background and purposeOur objective was to apply multi-compartment T2 relaxometry in cognitively normal individuals aged 20–80 years to study the effect of aging on the parenchymal CSF fraction (CSFF), a potential measure of the subvoxel CSF space.Materials and methodsA total of 60 volunteers (age range, 22–80 years) were enrolled. Voxel-wise maps of short-T2 myelin water fraction (MWF), intermediate-T2 intra/extra-cellular water fraction (IEWF), and long-T2 CSFF were obtained using fast acquisition with spiral trajectory and adiabatic T2prep (FAST-T2) sequence and three-pool non-linear least squares fitting. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to study the association between age and regional MWF, IEWF, and CSFF measurements, adjusting for sex and region of interest (ROI) volume. ROIs include the cerebral white matter (WM), cerebral cortex, and subcortical deep gray matter (GM). In each model, a quadratic term for age was tested using an ANOVA test. A Spearman’s correlation between the normalized lateral ventricle volume, a measure of organ-level CSF space, and the regional CSFF, a measure of tissue-level CSF space, was computed.ResultsRegression analyses showed that there was a statistically significant quadratic relationship with age for CSFF in the cortex (p= 0.018), MWF in the cerebral WM (p= 0.033), deep GM (p= 0.017) and cortex (p= 0.029); and IEWF in the deep GM (p= 0.033). There was a statistically highly significant positive linear relationship between age and regional CSFF in the cerebral WM (p&lt; 0.001) and deep GM (p&lt; 0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant negative linear association between IEWF and age in the cerebral WM (p= 0.017) and cortex (p&lt; 0.001). In the univariate correlation analysis, the normalized lateral ventricle volume correlated with the regional CSFF measurement in the cerebral WM (ρ = 0.64,p&lt; 0.001), cortex (ρ = 0.62,p&lt; 0.001), and deep GM (ρ = 0.66,p&lt; 0.001).ConclusionOur cross-sectional data demonstrate that brain tissue water in different compartments shows complex age-dependent patterns. Parenchymal CSFF, a measure of subvoxel CSF-like water in the brain tissue, is quadratically associated with age in the cerebral cortex and linearly associated with age in the cerebral deep GM and WM.
Clinical and cognitive correlates tractography analysis in patients with white matter hyperintensity of vascular origin
Authors: Kuang Qinmei , Huang Muhua , Lei Yumeng , Wu Lin , Jin Chen , Dai Jiankun , Zhou Fuqing 
Published: June 2023

PurposeWhite matter hyperintensity lesions (WMHL) in the brain are a consequence of cerebral small vessel disease and microstructural damage. Patients with WMHL have diverse clinical features, and hypertension, advanced age, obesity, and cognitive decline are often observed. However, whether these clinical features are linked to interrupted structural connectivity in the brain requires further investigation. This study therefore explores the white matter pathways associated with WMHL, with the objective of identifying neural correlates for clinical features in patients with WMHL.MethodsDiffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and several clinical features (MoCA scores, hypertension scores, body mass index (BMI), duration of hypertension, total white matter lesion loads, and education.) highly related to WMHL were obtained in 16 patients with WMHL and 20 health controls. We used diffusion MRI connectometry to explore the relationship between clinical features and specific white matter tracts using DSI software.ResultsThe results showed that the anterior splenium of the corpus callosum, the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, the anterior corpus callosum and the middle cerebellar peduncle were significantly correlated with hypertension scores (false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.044). The anterior splenium of the corpus callosum, the left thalamoparietal tract, the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and the left cerebellar were significantly correlated with MoCA scores (FDR = 0.016). The anterior splenium of corpus callosum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, cingulum fasciculus, and fornix/fimbria were significantly correlated with body mass index (FDR = 0.001).ConclusionOur findings show that hypertension score, MoCA score, and BMI are important clinical features in patients with WMHL, hypertension degree and higher BMI are associated with whiter matter local disconnection in patients with WMHL, and may contribute to understanding the cognitive impairments observed in patients with WMHL.
Clinical diagnostic biomarker “circulating tumor cells” in breast cancer - a meta-analysis
Authors: Bai Shiyan , Lin Shujin , Lin Ting , Wang Qiaowen , Cheng Cui , Lin Junru , Zhang Ying , Jiang Xiwen , Han Xiao 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveUsing meta-analysis, we evaluate circulating tumor cells(CTCs) as a potential diagnostic tool for breast cancer.MethodsA document search was conducted using publicly available databases up to May 2021. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated and summarize relevant data through literature types, research types, case populations, samples, etc. Subgroup analysis of documents based on regions, enrichment methods, and detection methods. The included research projects were evaluated using DeeKs’ bias, and evaluation indicators such as specificity (SPE), sensitivity (SEN), diagnosis odds ratio (DOR) were used as evaluation indicators.Results16 studies on the use of circulating tumor cells to diagnose breast cancer were included in our meta-analysis. Overall sensitivity value was 0.50 (95%CI:0.48-0.52), specificity value was 0.93 (95%CI:0.92- 0.95), DOR value was 33.41 (95%CI:12.47-89.51), and AUC value was 0.8129.ConclusionIn meta-regressions and subgroup analysis, potential heterogeneity factors were analyzed, but the source of heterogeneity is still unclear. CTCs, as a novel tumor marker, have a good diagnostic value, but its enrichment and detection methods still need to continue to be developed to improve detection accuracy. Therefore, CTCs can be used as an auxiliary means of early detection, which is helpful to the diagnosis and screening of breast cancer.
Correlation between hyperbilirubinemia risk and immune cell mitochondria parameters in neonates with jaundice
Authors: Wang Yingying , Wang Hongwei , Zhang Qiang , Li Shanshan , Mao Yiping , Lu Jiajin , Shen Yeqin , Han Yaping 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo explore the correlation between mitochondria parameters of immune cells and hyperbilirubinemia risk in hospitalized neonates with jaundice.MethodsThis retrospective study included jaundiced neonates born between September 2020 and March 2022 at Shaoxing Keqiao Women &amp; Children's Hospital. The neonates were divided into low, intermediate-low, intermediate-high, and high-risk groups according to the hyperbilirubinemia risk. The purpose parameters including percentage, absolute count, mitochondrial mass (MM), and single-cell MM (SCMM) of peripheral blood T lymphocytes detected by flow cytometry were collected.ResultsFinally, 162 neonates with jaundice (47, 41, 39, and 35 with low, intermediate-low, intermediate-high, and high-risk) were included. CD3+ SCMM was significantly higher in the high-risk group compared with the low and intermediate-low-risk groups (both P &lt; 0.0083), CD4+ SCMM was significantly higher in the high-risk group compared with the three other groups (all P &lt; 0.0083), and CD8+ SCMM was significantly higher in the intermediate-low and high-risk groups compared with the low-risk group (both P &lt; 0.0083). CD3+ (r = 0.34, P &lt; 0.001) and CD4+ (r = 0.20, P = 0.010) SCMM positively correlated with bilirubin levels.ConclusionsThe mitochondrial SCMM parameters differed significantly among jaundiced neonates with different hyperbilirubinemia risks. CD3+ and CD4+ T cell SCMM values were positively correlated with the serum bilirubin levels, and might correlated with hyperbilirubinemia risk.
Effectiveness, quality and implementation of pain, sedation, delirium, and iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome algorithms in pediatric intensive care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: MacDonald Ibo , de Goumoëns Véronique , Marston Mark , Alvarado Silvia , Favre Eva , Trombert Alexia , Perez Maria-Helena , Ramelet Anne-Sylvie 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPain, sedation, delirium, and iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome are conditions that often coexist, algorithms can be used to assist healthcare professionals in decision making. However, a comprehensive review is lacking. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness, quality, and implementation of algorithms for the management of pain, sedation, delirium, and iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in all pediatric intensive care settings.MethodsA literature search was conducted on November 29, 2022, in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library, ProQuest Dissertations &amp; Theses, and Google Scholar to identify algorithms implemented in pediatric intensive care and published since 2005. Three reviewers independently screened the records for inclusion, verified and extracted data. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias using the JBI checklists, and algorithm quality was assessed using the PROFILE tool (higher % = higher quality). Meta-analyses were performed to compare algorithms to usual care on various outcomes (length of stay, duration and cumulative dose of analgesics and sedatives, length of mechanical ventilation, and incidence of withdrawal).ResultsFrom 6,779 records, 32 studies, including 28 algorithms, were included. The majority of algorithms (68%) focused on sedation in combination with other conditions. Risk of bias was low in 28 studies. The average overall quality score of the algorithm was 54%, with 11 (39%) scoring as high quality. Four algorithms used clinical practice guidelines during development. The use of algorithms was found to be effective in reducing length of stay (intensive care and hospital), length of mechanical ventilation, duration of analgesic and sedative medications, cumulative dose of analgesics and sedatives, and incidence of withdrawal. Implementation strategies included education and distribution of materials (95%). Supportive determinants of algorithm implementation included leadership support and buy-in, staff training, and integration into electronic health records. The fidelity to algorithm varied from 8.2% to 100%.ConclusionsThe review suggests that algorithm-based management of pain, sedation and withdrawal is more effective than usual care in pediatric intensive care settings. There is a need for more rigorous use of evidence in the development of algorithms and the provision of details on the implementation process.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021276053, PROSPERO [CRD42021276053].
Development of holographic printed HOE recording technology with VHG-based FOV analysis for waveguide-type NED system
Authors: Hwang Leehwan , Lee Seunghyun 
Published: June 2023

We propose a holographic printing–recording technology for near-eye display through volume holographic grating analysis in hologram recording and reconstruction. Most near-eye displays are designed based on waveguide-type and analog holographic optical elements, resulting in disruption of the uniformity of the image because of the difference between the initial recording conditions and the source image. This problem can be addressed using holographic printing technology to modulate different diffraction efficiencies for each holographic element. This study uses a digital HOE screen that can fabricate and reconstruct augmented reality images of 1.17”, 1.76”, and 2.35” in a field of view of 28.07°, 41.11°, and 53.13°, respectively, at a distance of 53.33 mm from the eye. Moreover, augmented images are realized with higher diffraction efficiency than conventional methods, simplifying the design and facilitating mass production of uniformed products using digital holographic printing technology.
Prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty and related factors in older adults with cardio-cerebral vascular disease in China: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeng Xue-zhai , Meng Ling-bing , Jia Na , Shi Jing , Zhang Chi , Li Ying-ying , Hu Xing , Hu Jia-bin , Li Jian-yi , Wu Di-shan , Li Hui , Qi Xin , Wang Hua , Zhang Qiu-xia , Li Juan , Liu De-ping 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveFrailty increases adverse clinical outcomes in older patients with cardio-cerebral vascular disease (CCVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in older adults with CCVD in China and the factors associated with it.Research design and methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we used data from the fourth Sample Survey of Aged Population in Urban and Rural China. We used the frailty index for frailty and pre-frailty assessment, and the diagnosis of CCVD in older adults was self-reported.ResultsA total of 53,668 older patients with CCVD were enrolled in the study. The age-standardized prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in older patients with CCVD was 22.6% (95% CI 22.3–23.0%) and 60.1% (95% CI 59.7–60.5%). Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that being female, increasing age, rural residence, illiteracy, widowhood, ethnic minority, living alone, no health screening during the last year, hospitalization during the last year, difficult financial status, comorbid chronic conditions, and disability in activities of daily living were associated with frailty and pre-frailty in older patients with CCVD.ConclusionCCVD is strongly associated with frailty and pre-frailty in older Chinese people, and assessment of frailty should become routine in the management of older CCVD patients. Appropriate public health prevention strategies should be developed based on identified risk factors for frailty in older CCVD patients, which can help prevent, ameliorate or reverse the development of frailty in CCVD in the older population.
Everyday life during the childhood cancer trajectory—childhood cancer survivors' descriptions of the role of caring support
Authors: Stenmarker Margaretha , Björk Maria , Golsäter Marie , Enskär Karin 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundBeing diagnosed with cancer in childhood often has a direct impact on the child's opportunities to participate in activities and the child's sense of belonging in different life situations. Experiences of illness in youth affect the lives of these individuals in numerous ways and they need pronounced support to regain their normal life after treatment.PurposeTo illustrate how childhood cancer survivors describe the role of the caring support provided by healthcare professionals at diagnosis and during the cancer trajectory.MethodsA mixed methods approach was applied. Swanson's Theory of Caring was used to deductively analyze the answers in a study-specific questionnaire with Likert scales (1–5). Descriptive and comparative statistics and exploratory factor analyses were performed.ResultsSixty-two former patients, diagnosed with solid tumors/lymphoma in 1983 to 2003 in Sweden, participated. The mean time passed since treatment was 15.7 years. Swanson's caring processes Being with and Doing for were the most prominent loading categorical factor indicators. Higher scores for healthcare professionals being emotionally present (Being with), doing for others what they would do for themselves (Doing for) and being willing to understand the sick child's situation (Knowing) were highlighted by survivors older than 30 years, compared to those younger than 30 years (p = 0.041, p = 0.045, and p = 0.013, respectively). An increased vulnerability regarding their ability to cope with difficulties (Maintain belief) was found among participants who were treated during adolescence, related to schoolchildren (p = 0.048), and among those who had been treated with extra-cranial irradiation in comparison with no extra-cranial irradiation (p = 0.004). The role of having a partner in comparison with being single was underlined among those who felt they had acquired the tools they needed to take care of themselves (Enabling) (p = 0.013). The total explained variance was 63%.ConclusionsA person-centered care approach during treatment for childhood cancer, reflected by a caring model, highlights the role of healthcare professionals being emotionally present, involving children, performing actions, and with an approach that has potential long-term implications. Childhood cancer patients and survivors need not only clinically competent professionals, but professionals who provide caring interactions with compassion.
Content validity, interpretability, and internal consistency of the “Quality First” assessment to evaluate movement quality in hop tests following ACL rehabilitation. A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mathieu-Kälin Moritz , Müller Mirjam , Weber Melanie , Caminada Sandro , Häberli Marina , Baur Heiner 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionCurrent approaches fail to adequately identify sport readiness after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rehabilitation. Altered landing biomechanics after ACL reconstruction are associated with increased risk of a noncontact ACL reinjury. There is a lack of objective factors to screen for deficient movement patterns. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate content validity, interpretability, and internal consistency for the newly developed “Quality First” assessment to evaluate movement quality during hop tests in patients after ACL rehabilitation.MethodParticipants in this cross-sectional study were recruited in collaboration with the Altius Swiss Sportmed Center in Rheinfelden, Switzerland. After a successful ACL reconstruction, the movement quality of 50 hop test batteries was evaluated between 6 and 24 months postoperatively with the “Quality First” assessment. Content validity was assessed from the perspective of professionals. To check the interpretability, classical test theory was employed. Cronbach's α was calculated to evaluate internal consistency.ResultsContent validity resulted in the inclusion of three different hop tests (single-leg hop for distance, vertical hop, and side hop). The “Quality First” assessment is enabled to evaluate movement quality in the sagittal, vertical, and the transversal plane. After the exclusion process, the “Quality First” assessment was free from floor and ceiling effects and obtained a sufficient Cronbach's α. The final version consists of 15 items, rated on a 4-point scale.DiscussionBy means of further validations, the “Quality First” assessment could offer a possibility to evaluate movement quality after ACL rehabilitation during hop tests.