bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite element algorithm with a second‐order shifted composite numerical integral formula for a nonlinear time fractional wave equation
Authors: Ren Haoran , Liu Yang , Yin Baoli , Li Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, we propose a second‐order shifted composite numerical integral formula, which is denoted as the SCNIF2. We transform the nonlinear time fractional wave equation into a partial differential equation with a fractional integral term and use the SCNIF2 in time and the finite element algorithm in space to formulate a fully discrete scheme. In order to decrease the initial error of the numerical scheme, we add some starting parts. In addition, we prove the stability and error estimation of the algorithm. Finally, we illustrate the effect of the starting parts and the accuracy of the numerical scheme through some numerical tests.
Body mass index and fitness in late adolescence and risk of cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and overall death after COVID‐19
Authors: Robertson Josefina , Muszta Anders , Lindgren Martin , af Geijerstam Agnes , Nyberg Jenny , Lissner Lauren , Börjesson Mats , Gisslén Magnus , Rosengren Annika , Adiels Martin , Åberg Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveSince obesity and poor fitness appear to be unfavorable for both cardiovascular health and coping with viral infections such as COVID‐19, they are of specific interest in light of the increased risk of cardiovascular and respiratory events now seen after infection with SARS‐CoV‐2. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate how body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in late adolescence are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease, and mortality after COVID‐19.MethodsIn this study, 1.5 million 18‐year‐old Swedish men with BMI and CRF measured during enlistment for military service 1968–2005 were included. Hospitalized and non‐hospitalized COVID‐19 cases were identified through the Patient Register or positive polymerase chain reaction tests, and age‐matched with non‐infected controls. CVD, respiratory disease, and mortality after COVID‐19 were divided into <60days, 60‐180days, >180days post‐infection. Cox regression models were used.ResultsHospitalized COVID‐19 cases (n = 9839), compared to controls, had >10‐fold, 50 to 70‐fold, and >70‐fold hazards of CVD, respiratory disease, and mortality over the initial 60 days post‐infection with little variation across BMI or CRF categories. The elevated risks persisted at declining levels >180 days. For non‐hospitalized COVID‐19 cases (n = 181,822), there was a 4‐ to 7‐fold increased acute mortality risk, and high CRF was associated with lower risk of post‐infectious respiratory disease.ConclusionsThe high hazards of adverse outcomes during the first two months after COVID‐19 hospitalization, and across BMI and CRF categories, declined rapidly but were still elevated after six months. Adolescent CRF was associated with respiratory disease after COVID‐19 without hospitalization, which gives further support to the health benefits of physical activity.
Evaluation of prevalence and outcomes of serial tyrosine kinase inhibitor use in pediatric patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Olsen Hannah E. , Liu Kevin X. , Frazier A. Lindsay , O'Neill Allison F. , Janeway Katherine A. , DuBois Steven G. , Shulman David S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeMultitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (mTKIs) are increasingly utilized in the treatment of pediatric sarcomas and other solid tumors. It is unknown whether serial treatment with multiple TKIs provides a benefit and which patients are most likely to benefit from mTKI rechallenge.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of pediatric cancer patients who received serial mTKI therapy off‐study between 2007 and 2020 as either monotherapy or combination therapy. We report patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, dosing patterns, and treatment‐associated toxicity.ResultsThe study cohort included 25 patients. The overall prevalence of serial mTKI therapy among all patients treated for sarcoma at our institution was 3.7%, and the response rate to second mTKI was 9%. Median 6‐month progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from start of second mTKI were 42.1% (95% CI: 20.4%–62.5%) and 79.1% (95% CI: 57.0%–90.8%), respectively. Patients who had received 4 months or more (n = 11) of therapy with first mTKI had significantly longer PFS versus those who received less than 4 months (n = 11; p = .001). Thirty‐three percent of patients discontinued second mTKI due to toxicity. Six (40%) of 15 patients who discontinued the first mTKI due to progression had either a partial response or stable disease on the second mTKI.ConclusionsWe observed a low response rate to mTKI rechallenge. However, we identified patients who had been treated with first mTKI for ≥4 months as more likely to have prolonged stable disease with second mTKI. Several patients had a response or stable disease on the second mTKI despite having progressed on the first mTKI. Though toxicity was common, only a minority of patients discontinued the second mTKI due to toxicity.
Computational identification of key residues regulating fluorescence emission in a red/green cyanobacteriochrome
Authors: Kannan Priyadharshini , Oh Jisung , Yeon Young Joo , Park Youn‐Il , Seo Moon‐Hyeong , Park Keunwan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) are linear tetrapyrrole bilin‐binding photoreceptors of cyanobacteria that exhibit high spectral diversity, gaining attention in optogenetics and bioimaging applications. Several engineering studies on CBCRs were attempted, especially for designing near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent proteins with longer fluorescence wavelengths. However, despite continuous efforts, a key component regulating fluorescence emission property in CBCRs is still poorly understood. As a model system, we focused on red/green CBCR Slr1393g3, from the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to engineer Pr to get far‐red light‐emitting property. Energy profiling and pairwise structural comparison of Slr1393g3 variants effectively reveal the mutations that are critical to the fluorescence changes. H497 seems to play a key role in stabilizing the chromophore environment, especially the α3 helix, while H495, T499, and Q502 are potential key residues determining fluorescence emission peak wavelength. We also found that mutations of α2 and α4 helical regions are closely related to the chromophore binding stability and likely affect fluorescence properties. Taken together, our computational analysis suggests that the fluorescence of Slr1393g3 is mainly controlled by the stabilization of the chromophore binding pocket. The predicted key residues potentially regulating the fluorescence emission property of a red/green CBCR will be advantageous for designing improved NIR fluorescent protein when combined with in vitro molecular evolution approaches.
A new framework for optimizing ecological conservation redline of China: A case from an environment‐development conflict area
Authors: Liang Xinyuan , He Jie , Jin Xiaobin , Zhang Xiaolin , Liu Jingping , Zhou Yinkang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs an important strategic measure in promoting sustainable development, China's current ecological conservation redline has mismatches between protected areas and redline boundaries, especially in economically developed areas with high environment‐development conflicts. This study constructs a new optimization framework that integrates in‐out balance and spatial replacement and takes the southern Jiangsu of China as an example to provide a reference for managing protected areas in similar regions. Results demonstrate that total eco‐land in the study area showed a downward trend from 2005 to 2015, with a 7.55% loss and 1.33% replenishment. Non‐eco land expansion inertia and human activities are the main driving forces of ecological land loss and replenishment, respectively. Effectively, the in‐out balance optimization model based on Bayesian Network makes a net increase of 705.97 km2 in redlines. The overlapping area with core agricultural production space has decreased by 9.11%, human activity has been reduced by 6.06%, and ecological stability has been significantly enhanced. An important implication is that more targeted schemes with boundary adjustment‐internal control‐external protection solutions can be put forward to identify ecological risks and policy conflicts, thereby improving conservation effectiveness.
P‐97: Applying a generative model to improve TFT measurement capacity performance
Authors: Park Kyongtae , Khim Taeyoung 
Published: August 2023

AMOLED is based on current driving, so the current characteristics of TFT IV(current per voltage) have much influence. Now, as the technology of AMOLED is expanded to HOP(hybrid of Oxide and Polysilicon TFT) and UPC(Under Panel Camera), polysilicon and oxide TFT are used in combination, and TFTs of various sizes must be used at the same time. So, first, it is attempted to reduce the IV measurement points and improve them with the known interpolation method. However, there is a limit to accurate prediction due to the non‐linear characteristics of TFT and noise measurement in the off region of TFT.In this paper, we applied an asymmetric neural network structure to overcome this limitation of reduction decoding. To do this, we developed an asymmetric autoencoder to decode or reconstruct TFT IV data from small sampled IV measurements (14~35%). Then, to overcome the error estimation of generating many errors in the surrounding interpolation because noise is included in the TFT off region, a function of partially removing noise only in the off region is introduced. In addition, to overcome the performance decrease problem due to the minimal amount of abnormal data, which should be accurately predicted in a situation close to abnormal, generative models were applied to overcome it. The IV information to be generated was encoded using a pretrained large language model to reduce the dimensionality and converted into text, which was then trained on the distillate GPT‐2 model and used as a generative model. In the general interpolation method, the performance decreases as the number of measurement samples are reduced; the method proposed in this paper maintains its performance even if the sampling is under 20%. This means that it is adequate to restore only a small portion of information using the latent space information that has learned the TFT IV saturation and linear mode characteristics. This is applied to mass production by increasing the measurement capability without additional equipment investment.
Antiviral potentials of garlic (Allium sativum) in poultry production: A mini review
Authors: Adjei‐Mensah Benjamin , Quaye Bernard , Opoku Obed , Atuahene Comfort Charity 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPoultry enterprise is challenged with high economic losses due to viral infections. The outbreak of such infections, including Newcastle disease, avian influenza, infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease, could undermine poultry performance leading to decreased meat and egg production. The potency of vaccines in recent times has dropped with the rise in the virulence of antigens, which can interrupt vaccination defence. Natural herbs and phytochemicals have been extensively recommended because of their vast advantageous effects. Garlic and its bioactive organo‐sulphur compounds have been proven to have antiviral, immunomodulatory and other pharmaceutical properties. Remarkable effects in poultry include a decrease in viral loads, an increase in antibody titres, lessening inflammatory cytokines and augmenting antiviral gene expression; however, methods of preparation, the dose of bioactive compounds and proportions administered may cause disparities in different reports. Therefore, this review highlights the potential of garlic against viral diseases, immunomodulatory, toxicity and pathological status in embryonated chicken eggs and poultry.
Universal chaotic dynamics from Krylov space
Authors: Erdmenger Johanna , Jian Shao-Kai , Xian Zhuo-Yu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Krylov complexity measures the spread of the wavefunction in the Krylov basis, which is constructed using the Hamiltonian and an initial state. We investigate the evolution of the maximally entangled state in the Krylov basis for both chaotic and non-chaotic systems. For this purpose, we derive an Ehrenfest theorem for the Krylov complexity, which reveals its close relation to the spectrum. Our findings suggest that neither the linear growth nor the saturation of Krylov complexity is necessarily associated with chaos. However, for chaotic systems, we observe a universal rise-slope-ramp-plateau behavior in the transition probability from the initial state to one of the Krylov basis states. Moreover, a long ramp in the transition probability is a signal for spectral rigidity, characterizing quantum chaos. Also, this ramp is directly responsible for the late-time peak of Krylov complexity observed in the literature. On the other hand, for non-chaotic systems, this long ramp is absent. Therefore, our results help to clarify which features of the wave function time evolution in Krylov space characterize chaos. We exemplify this by considering the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model with two-body or four-body interactions.
Supersymmetric baryogenesis in a hybrid inflation model
Authors: Gunji Yoshihiro , Ishiwata Koji , Yoshida Takahiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study baryogenesis in a hybrid inflation model which is embedded to the minimal supersymmetric model with right-handed neutrinos. Inflation is induced by a linear combination of the right-handed sneutrinos and its decay reheats the universe. The decay products are stored in conserved numbers, which are transported under the interactions in equilibrium as the temperature drops down. We find that at least a few percent of the initial lepton asymmetry is left under the strong wash-out due to the lighter right-handed (s)neutrinos. To account for the observed baryon number and the active neutrino masses after a successful inflation, the inflaton mass and the Majorana mass scale should be 1013 GeV and $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(109–1010) GeV, respectively.
Towards a classification of holographic multi-partite entanglement measures
Authors: Gadde Abhijit , Krishna Vineeth , Sharma Trakshu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we systematically study the measures of multi-partite entanglement with the aim of constructing those measures that can be computed in probe approximation in the holographic dual. We classify and count general measures as invariants of local unitary transformations. After formulating these measures in terms of permutation group elements, we derive conditions that a probe measure should satisfy and find a large class of solutions. These solutions are generalizations of the multi-entropy introduced in [1]. We derive their holographic dual with the assumption that the replica symmetry is unbroken in the bulk and check our prescription with explicit computations in 2d CFTs. Analogous to the multi-entropy, the holographic dual of these measures is given by the weighted area of the minimal brane-web but with branes having differing tensions. We discuss the replica symmetry assumption and also how the already known entanglement measures, such as entanglement negativity and reflected entropy fit in our framework.
When ℤ2 one-form symmetry leads to non-invertible axial symmetries
Authors: Argurio Riccardo , Vandepopeliere Romain 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study non-abelian gauge theories with fermions in a representation such that the surviving electric 1-form symmetry is ℤ2. This includes SU(N) gauge theories with matter in the (anti)symmetric and N even, and USp(2N) with a Weyl fermion in the adjoint, i.e. $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 SYM. We study the mixed ’t Hooft anomaly between the discrete axial symmetry and the 1-form symmetry and show that when it is non-trivial, it leads to non-invertible symmetries upon gauging the ℤ2. The TQFT dressing the non-invertible symmetry defects is universal to all the cases we study, namely it is always a U(1)2 CS theory coupled to the ℤ2 2-form gauge field. We uncover a pattern where the presence or not of non-invertible defects depends on the rank of the gauge group.
De Finetti Theorems for Quantum Conditional Probability Distributions with Symmetry
Authors: Jandura Sven , Tan Ernest Y.-Z. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is to study protocols that allow the generation of a secret shared key between two parties under minimal assumptions on the devices that produce the key. These devices are merely modeled as black boxes and mathematically described as conditional probability distributions. A major obstacle in the analysis of DIQKD protocols is the huge space of possible black box behaviors. De Finetti theorems can help to overcome this problem by reducing the analysis to black boxes that have an iid structure. Here we show two new de Finetti theorems that relate conditional probability distributions in the quantum set to de Finetti distributions (convex combinations of iid distributions) that are themselves in the quantum set. We also show how one of these de Finetti theorems can be used to enforce some restrictions onto the attacker of a DIQKD protocol. Finally we observe that some desirable strengthenings of this restriction, for instance to collective attacks only, are not straightforwardly possible.
Application of atmospheric pressure field desorption for the analysis of anionic surfactants in commercial detergents
Authors: Gross Jürgen H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent work has shown that field desorption (FD) and field ionization (FI) using activated field emitters may be performed at atmospheric pressure, too. While some limitations apply to atmospheric pressure field desorption (APFD) mass spectrometry (MS), the method can deliver both positive and negative even electron ions of highly polar or ionic compounds. Furthermore, APFD even permits the generation of positive molecular ions of polycyclic aromatic compounds. Here, an application of negative-ion APFD for the analysis of anionic surfactants contained in commercial detergent products for body care, household, and technical uses is presented. The samples include liquid soaps and shower gels, dishwashing liquids, and cooling lubricants. Surfactant solutions in methanol/water or pure methanol at 2–10 µl ml−1 were deposited on commercial 13-µm activated tungsten emitters. The emitters were positioned in front of the atmospheric pressure interface of a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer by means of a slightly modified nano-electrospray ionization (nanoESI) source. The entrance electrode of the interface was set to positive high voltage with respect to the emitter at ground potential. Under these conditions, negative-ion desorption was achieved. The surfactant anions, organic sulfates and organic sulfonates, were characterized by accurate mass-based formula assignments, and in part, by tandem mass spectrometry. The negative-ion APFD spectra were compared to results by negative-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) either obtained using the FT-ICR mass spectrometer or by using a trapped ion mobility-quadrupole-time-of-flight (TIMS-Q-TOF) instrument when product ions of low m/z needed to be detected in tandem MS.
Graphical Abstract
Infra-patellar fat pad-derived mesenchymal stem cells maintain their chondrogenic differentiation potential after arthroscopic harvest with blood-product supplementation
Authors: Neubauer Markus , Otahal Alexander , Kuten Olga , Sherman Seth Lawrence , Moser Lukas , Kramer Karina , DeLuna Andrea , Neugebauer Johannes , Dammerer Dietmar , Muellner Thomas , Nehrer Stefan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Mesenchymal stem cells/medicinal signaling cells (MSCs) possess therapeutic potential and are used in regenerative orthopaedics. The infra-patellar fat pad (IFP) is partially resected during knee arthroscopy (KASC) and contains MSCs. Heat, irrigation, and mechanical stress during KASC may decrease MSC’s therapeutic potential. This study assessed MSCs’ regenerative potential after arthroscopic IFP harvest and potential effects of two blood products (BP) (platelet-rich plasma (PRP), hyperacute serum (HAS)) on MSCs’ viability and chondrogenic differentiation capacity.

Methods
IFP was arthroscopically harvested, isolated, and counted (n = 5). Flow cytometry was used to assess cell viability via staining with annexin V/7-AAD and stemness markers via staining for CD90, CD73, and CD105. MSCs were incubated with blood products, and metabolic activity was determined via an XTT assay. Deposition of cartilage extracellular matrix was determined in histologic sections of chondrogenically differentiated 3D pellet cultures via staining with Alcian Blue. Expression of cartilage-specific genes (SOX9, MMP3/13, ACAN, COL1/2) was analyzed via quantitative PCR.

Results
MSC isolation from IFP yielded 2.66*106 ± 1.49*106 viable cells from 2.7 (0.748) g of tissue. MSC markers (CD 90/105/73) were successfully detected and annexin V staining showed 81.5% viable cells. XTT showed increased metabolic activity. Within the BP groups, this increase was significant (days 0–14, p < 0.05). PCR showed expression of cartilage-specific genes in each group. COL2 (p < 0.01) as well as ACAN (p < 0.001) expression levels were significantly higher in the HAS group. Histology showed successful differentiation.

Conclusion
Arthroscopic harvest of IFP-MSCs yields sufficient cells with maintained regenerative potential and viability. Blood products further enhance MSCs’ viability.
On the geometry of elementary flux modes
Authors: Wieder Frederik , Henk Martin , Bockmayr Alexander 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElementary flux modes (EFMs) play a prominent role in the constraint-based analysis of metabolic networks. They correspond to minimal functional units of the metabolic network at steady-state and as such have been studied for almost 30 years. The set of all EFMs in a metabolic network tends to be very large and may have exponential size in the number of reactions. Hence, there is a need to elucidate the structure of this set. Here we focus on geometric properties of EFMs. We analyze the distribution of EFMs in the face lattice of the steady-state flux cone of the metabolic network and show that EFMs in the relative interior of the cone occur only in very special cases. We introduce the concept of degree of an EFM as a measure how elementary it is and study the decomposition of flux vectors and EFMs depending on their degree. Geometric analysis can help to better understand the structure of the set of EFMs, which is important from both the mathematical and the biological viewpoint.