bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Menstrual Problems among Teenage Girls: A Tertiary Care Center Study
Authors: Divya S. , Thomas Titty Mary , Ajmeera Rajunaik , Hegde Ambika , Parikh Taral , Shivakumar Shruti 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Due to shame over discussing menstruation and fear of illness, many adolescent girls with monthly problems never visit their family doctor or gynecologist. The presentation can be delayed as a result. The current study’s goal was to assess the sociodemographic characteristics of adolescent females experiencing menstruation issues and the nature of those problems, and how they were handled.

Materials and Methods:
The problems faced by the adolescent girls attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology were analyzed retrospectively, and all their study characteristics and conditions were evaluated. The descriptive demographics are only represented in the current study.

Results:
Two hundred-two teenage girls with menstruation issues visited our hospital overall. 64% of them were late adolescents, 96% lived in cities, 89 were unmarried, and 50% belonged to the middle class socioeconomically. Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and irregular menstrual periods affected 86 (61%) people, 38 (27%) people, and 17 (12%) people, respectively. Patients were treated with appropriate counseling and medicinal and/or surgical care.

Conclusion:
Most of the teenage girls in our study had anemia. Therefore, it is essential to educate people on the importance of nutrition, different menstrual disorders, normal physiology, and the prevention and management of anemia. Adolescent-friendly health care has been attempted and partially developed in India’s governmental and private systems. As a result, counseling and management of adolescent menstrual difficulties must be offered in the current health and medical care systems.
Comparison of the Sevoflurane versus Desflurane Anaesthesia on the Recovery of Airway Reflexes and Cognitive Function: An Original Research
Authors: Nelson Anish , Sudhakar S. , Mishra Jagannath , Tirupathi Hemanth Kumar , Marella Vishnu Gowtham , Kudagi Vishal S. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:
Sevoflurane and desflurane virtually equally dissolve in blood gases, yet current research suggests that desflurane helps in a quick return of airway reflex than sevoflurane however the return of cognitive activity fluctuates greatly. In order to compare the lengths of time required to recover after sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia, the current research was conducted.

Materials and Methods:
Current study was randomized that included 100 subjects who were posted for cholecystectomy (elective). Only adult and non-obese subjects were included in the study. The intended anesthetic agents sevoflurane and desflurane were utilized in the study and all the protocols were followed for the surgery. After the end of the surgery, tests for regaining cognitive function and airway reflexes were carried out, and different time intervals were recorded. The values were recorded and compared for the variances while considering the P < 0.05 as significant.

Results:
The mean T1 was 8.19 ± 3.28 min for sevoflurane and was 5.82 ± 4.02 min. There was no significant variance between the two agents for the T1, 2 (P = 0.013 and 0.110 respectively). After the inhalation anesthetics ceased at T1, desflurane patients responded to verbal commands more quickly than sevoflurane patients (5.824.02 vs. 8.193.28 min). The SOMCT and swallowing test were similarly completed more quickly by desflurane-treated patients than by sevoflurane-treated patients (T3VST4) (13.693.37 vs. 10.024.86 min, P = 0.008 and (14.094.30 vs. 9.824.50 min, P 0.001, respectively). For the T3, 4-time intervals, there was a significant difference between the sevoflurane and desflurane groups.

Conclusion:
Desflurane causes patients to recover more quickly from laparoscopic cholecystectomy under controlled circumstances than sevoflurane does.
Comparison of Quality of Life in Patients Operated for Knee Surgery via Conventional Method and Arthroscopy: An Original Research
Authors: Rohella Deepak , Swathy A.P.J. , Ajmeera Rajunaik , Das Prajnyananda , Tiwari Rahul VC , Tiwari Heena Dixit 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
To assess physical activity and knee function, the two methods of conventional supervised exercise and the arthroscopic partial meniscectomy trailed by exercise were evaluated after a nontraumatic meniscal (medial) tear that was confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and Methods:
One hundred adult subjects were assessed for the current prospective research. The pain in the knee was assessed using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale (LKSS), Tegner Activity Scale (TAS), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). All the parameters were compared at the start of the study and 2 and 6 months after the intervention. All the data were compared using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with P < 0.05 considered as significant.

Results:
According to the outcome scores, exercising by itself did not result in a larger improvement than an arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy. There was a significant reduction in discomfort, improved function, and satisfaction for subjects in the two groups (P < 0.0001). After six months, 40% of the subjects reported that the activity levels were similar to the incidence of the injury.

Conclusion:
The quality of life was reported to be comparable in the arthroscopy subjects and the conventional group subjects. Hence, arthroscopy can be delayed for the meniscal tear in the adult subjects who are best managed by the conservatively managed.
Antimicrobial Properties and Substantivity of Gentamicin, Amoxicillin and Metronidazole (GAM) Antibiotic Solution with Chitosan as a Root Canal Irrigant – A Preliminary Study
Authors: Parakh Keyura , Shetty Raghavendra M. , Shetty Sunaina , Desai Vijay , Shetty Shishir , Al Jadaa Anas , Jain Sonal , Vannala Venkataramana 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Irrigation is one of the steps that is very crucial in a high-quality endodontic treatment. Hence, irrigant with good substantivity is essential which must not only be effective for the dissolution of the organic tissues but also effectively eliminate bacterial contamination. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of gentamicin, amoxicillin, and metronidazole (GAM) antibiotic solution, chitosan and their combination (GAMC), and analyze their sustained release property. Mueller–Hinton agar medium was inoculated with E. faecalis. The medicaments were then poured at the center of the plate in the prepared wells and incubated at 37°C. Antibacterial property of each medicament was evaluated by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition at the end of 48 hours. The substantivity of GAM antibiotic solution and the GAMC was checked using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The GAMC demonstrated the strongest antimicrobial activity and good sustained-release properties. Distilled water showed no activity, and chlorhexidine acted as the positive control.

Conclusion:
The combination of gentamicin, amoxicillin, and metronidazole (GAM) solution with chitosan (GAMC) can be used as an alternative intracanal irrigant as it was found to be a potent antibacterial agent.
Periodontal Disease and Smoking: Systematic Review
Authors: Alwithanani Naif 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Tobacco has been linked multiple times to many health implications. The relationship between periodontitis and tobacco was thoroughly investigated in this systemic review to evaluate if tobacco specifically smoking impacts the progression of periodontal through impairing vascular and immunity mediators processes.

Materials and Methods:
The manual and electronic literature searches up to 2020 in the databanks of the EMBASE, MEDLINE, PUBMED, and SCOPUS were conducted. The search terms were “periodontitis,” “periodontitis diseases,” “smoking,” “tobacco use,” “tobacco,” and “cigarette, pipe, and cigar.” The types of studies included were restricted to the original studies and human trials. Analyses of subgroups and meta-regression were used to calculate the heterogeneity.

Results:
15 papers total were considered in the review, however only 14 of them provided information that could be used in the meta-analysis. Smoking raises the incidence of periodontitis by 85% according to pooled adjusted risk ratios (risk ratio 1.845, CI (95%) =1.5, 2.2). The results of a meta-regression analysis showed that age, follow-up intervals, periodontal disease, the severity of periodontitis, criteria used to determine periodontal status, and loss to follow-up accounted for 54.2%, 10.7%, 13.5%, and 2.1% of the variation in study results.

Conclusion:
Smoking has an undesirable impact on periodontal incidence and development. Therefore, when taking the history of the patients at the initial visits the information about the habit of smoking has to be thoroughly noted.
Isolation Systems and its Effectiveness in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tiwari Rahul V. C. , Managutti Anil , Lakshmi D Prasanna , Mohindru Kunal , Damarasingu Rajesh , Dubey Alok 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The success of restoration processes depends on the efficient control of moisture and microorganisms. Dental restorative procedures frequently use rubber dams as an isolation technique. There is still room for evidence-based discussion over how rubber dam use affects the durability and caliber of dental restorations. In this review, the effects of rubber dam isolation vs alternative isolation techniques for dental restorative procedures are compared.

Materials and Procedures:
An extensive online search in the various databanks of the EMBASE, Medline, Pubmed, and Scopus was conducted. The keywords searched were “isolation, oral surgery, dental surgery, retractors, rubber dam, and methods of isolation.” The studies selected were longitudinal research design and randomized trials. To ascertain the risk of bias, meta-analysis was carried out. The outcome was measured as the successful restoration at the end of follow-up period representing the thorough isolation.

Results:
A total of 1342 people were involved in six studies from across the world that were carried out between 2010 and 2015. High bias risk existed in all the studies. Five investigations compared the rubber dam vs cotton rolls. Due to discrepancies in the data supplied, one study was omitted from the analysis. Three of the four trials that were still running showed restored survival rates with all having a follow-up of at least six months. The survival of the restored composite teeth for six months in rubber dam isolation with odds ratio of 2.29, 1.38, and 1.00 at the end of six months, one year and one and half year respectively. However, the evidence was very low and speculative. The isolation was seen effective in the primary teeth specifically for the proximal lesions. None of the included studies discussed side effects or provided information on the treatment’s upfront costs.

Conclusion:
The application of rubber dams in dental techniques may result in successful outcome compared to cotton rolls, according to some low-certainty evidence revealed in this research. Other times, the evidence is really ambiguous. It is necessary to conduct additional, high-quality studies investigating how rubber dam use affects various restorative procedures.
A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of the Stress Distribution Around the Bone Mini-Implant Interface Based on the Mini-Implant Angle of Insertion, Diameter, and Length
Authors: Sarika K , Kumaran Navaneethakrishnan Kurunji , Seralathan Sakthidaran , Sathishkumar Rathinavel Kumar , Preethi Somasundaram Kanmani 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Temporary anchorage devices or mini implants have gained great attraction due to their capability to provide absolute anchorage, low cost, versatility, and can be loaded immediately after placement.

Material and Methods:
Finite element analysis was used to evaluate the distribution of stress at the bone mini implant interface based on different angles of insertion (30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°) mini implant diameter (1.3 mm, 1.6 mm, and 2 mm) and mini implant length (6 mm, 8 mm, and 10 mm). A retraction force of 2 N was applied.

Results:
Areas of maximum stress concentration were the head and neck of the mini implant and cortical bone around the mini implant. A very minimal amount of stress was found in the cancellous bone. The maximum stress found in the cortical bone was 5.1301 MPa and in the mini implant was 26.355 MPa with an angle of insertion of 30°, a 1.3 mm diameter, and a 6 mm length. The minimum stress found in the cortical bone was 1.4702 MPa and that in the mini implant was 5.3895 MPa with an angle of insertion of 90°, a 2 mm diameter, and a 10 mm length.

Conclusion:
For maximum stability, mini implants should be placed at a perpendicular angle of insertion with sufficient diameter and length.
Parent Awareness and Perceived Barriers Regarding Hearing Impairment among School Age Children in Taif Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Fageeh Yahya A. , Alghoribi Manar H. , Albishi Maryam M. , Alshanbari Atheer A. , Alqethami Amjad A. , Altowairqi Tethkar M. , Alosaimi Norah K. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hearing impairment (HI) is the most common global disabling condition. It is a considerable public health condition in childhood that is associated with long-term socio-emotional-academic, and communication difficulties. The current study explored the knowledge and awareness of HI among school-age children and its related factor in Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done on 268 Saudi school-age children in the population of the Taif region of Saudi Arabia. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect their demographic data, consanguinity, education level, and academic performance.

Results:
About 45.9% of parents had good awareness related to hearing loss and its impact on children’s life. Only 19% (n = 51) of parents reported that their children encountered language problems in communicating with others. When we assessed the relationship between this language problem and academic performance, it was found that children with language problems had below-average academic performance (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The study showed that parents’ awareness about children’s hearing was not that satisfactory, and there was a considerable amount of difficulties faced by the children in their personal and social life due to these hearing problems. It is imperative to create awareness among the public regarding various modifiable risk factors of HI by conducting health awareness campaigns.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chitosan-Based Tetracycline Gel on Periodontal Pathogens: An In vitro Study
Authors: Jalaluddin Mohammad , Kulkarni Avdhoot , Raj Kavita , Kumari Deesha , Devi Konsam Bidya , Vineeth NS 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of the current research was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of chitosan-based tetracycline gel on periodontal pathogenic microorganisms.

Materials and Methods:
Preparation of chitosan-based tetracycline gel of 0.7% and 1% was done. In addition, 0.2 g of chitosan, 1% citric acid, and then 0.35 g of tetracycline in that order was added. Furthermore, 0.5 g of the tetracycline, which had been subjected to crushing and then stirring in a glass beaker to obtain a homogeneous gel was subjected to insertion into the syringe sterile. Such material prepared at the instance will attempt to investigate the sensitivity of bacteria in Surabaya to preserve the steadiness of the material. Evaluation of antimicrobial outcomes of chitosan-based tetracycline gel was performed against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Results:
The highest region of inhibition was noted at 28.26 ± 1.08 mm, 23.98 ± 2.02 mm against A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis at 1% chitosan-based tetracycline gel, in pursuit by the 0.7% chitosan-based tetracycline gel at 15.12 ± 0.16 mm and 14.48 ± 1.22 mm region of inhibition, followed by a control group that exhibited 4.16 ± 1.29 mm and 4.82 ± 1.20 mm regions of inhibition against either of the pathogens.

Conclusion:
To conclude, the chitosan-based tetracycline gel is efficient in restraining the growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis bacteria. Tetracycline 1% gel-based chitosan exhibited maximum antibacterial action since it depicted the maximum inhibition region diameter versus tetracycline gel 0.7%.
Assessment of Role of PPE in Preventing the Spread of Infection among the Dental Surgeons: A Prospective Study
Authors: Srinidhi S. , Stephen Sujithraj , Mohankumar Karthiga , D’Cruz Thomson M. , Subbiah Krithika , Subbiah Gireesh K. , Nagappan Nagappan , Mani Bhuvaneswari 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Although there is easy accessibility of infection control measures and recommendation regarding the PPE, most of the dentists failed to practice appropriate infection control measures. The aim of the current survey was conducted to assess the knowledge, perception, and attitude regarding the role of PPE among the dental care professionals in COVID-19. This is cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey conducted among dental care professionals in Tamil Nadu. The self-administered questions related to the PPE infection control measures were collected from 500 subjects. The statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS (V 22.0). The frequency distribution was computed. This survey revealed that all the 500 (100%) respondents had awareness about the role of PPE in COVID-19 pandemic. Among the 500 study subjects, 93.2% had well-known knowledge about PPE, 60.4% of dentist strictly adheres to the use of PPE in routine dental practice, 80.2% of dentist mentioned PPE is safe and effective against spread of infection, and 93.4% of dentist had awareness about donning and doffing.

Conclusion:
From the beginning of this COVID-19, information provided by the health organization like CDC and WHO regarding the role of PPE had positive impact among the dental care professionals.
Delayed and Immediately Loaded Implants Placed in Fresh Extraction Socket – A Clinical and Radiological Study
Authors: Padmasree Sankaranarayanan , Liji Balakrishnan , Sasikala Chengalvarayan , Ajitha Suresh Kumar , Ranukumari Attavar , Shakila Rajaraman 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To present the outcomes of immediately loaded single implants placed in the anterior region compared to conventional protocol.

Methodology:
10 patients requiring single anterior tooth extraction was randomised either into immediate or delayed loaded group. Implants were positioned immediately after extraction and prosthesis was providing for the immediately loaded group. The cases were followed up for a period of 9 months at regular 3-month interval after the placement of definitive crowns. The parameters taken were probing depth, pain score and crestal marginal bone loss.

Results:
A total of 10 AD1N-Touareg Spiral tapered Implant with spiral tap, 5 immediately loaded and 5 delayed loaded were evaluated. For immediate loaded cases, there was 0.93 ± 0.04 mm bone lost after 3 months, 1.26 ± 0.21 mm after 6 months and 1.72 ± 0.13 mm after 9 months. For delayed loading, there was 0.90 ± 0.02 mm bone lost after 3 months, 1.26 ± 0.15 mm after 6 months and 1.80 ± 0.07 mm after 9 months. Pain and probing depth showed gradual reduction in both the groups during the course of treatment.

Conclusion:
In the present study, the success rate and radiographic results of immediate loading of implants in freshly extracted sockets in the anterior region where comparable to those obtained from delayed groups.
Comparison of Cleaning Efficacy of Different Rotary Files in Primary Teeth—An In vitro Study
Authors: Alqarni Adel S. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of the present study was to comparatively assess the cleansing efficiency of dissimilar rotary files in deciduous teeth.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-five deciduous anterior teeth that had been subjected to extraction were chosen for this research. The teeth were included if they had a minimum of 2/3rd undamaged root portions. Coronal entrée was completed using round diamond burs. All 45 samples were allocated at random to one of the following three groups: Group I: Control group in which the radicular canal was not subjected to any form of instrumentation, Group II: The radicular canal was subjected to instrumentation employing rotary ProTaper files, Group III: The radicular canal was subjected to instrumentation with rotary MTwo files. The samples were subjected to immersion in a succession of diluted ethyl alcohols to permit dehydration: With a change of solution every eight hours, the first 16 hours were spent in 70% alcohol, followed by eight hours in 80% alcohol, eight hours in 95% alcohol, and eight hours in 100% alcohol. The samples thus subjected to dehydration were cleared by immersion in methyl salicylate for six hours. Under a stereomicroscope with a 10x magnification, the root canals were examined by a person who was blinded to the groups in order to look for any traces of ink in the coronal, middle, and apical third of the canals.

Results:
In the control group, greater residual remains were present in the apical 3rd at 2.16 ± 0.08 followed by the coronal 3rd at 2.02 ± 0.14, and then in the middle 3rd at 1.88 ± 0.10. While using the ProTaper files, greater residual remains were present in the middle portion at 1.68 ± 0.16, followed by the coronal third at 0.94 ± 0.09, then the apical third at 0.98 ± 0.22. Greater residual remains were again noted with the MTwo files in the mid-portion at 1.44 ± 0.18, followed by the coronal part at 0.86 ± 0.10 and then the apical part at 0.82 ± 0.04. Differences among these groups were statistically significant with a P value < 0.001.

Conclusion:
The present study concluded that either of the file types used exhibited reasonably lower remnant score values in the apical third versus the middle/coronal thirds. Nonetheless, MTwo type files delineated superior capacity at removing debris versus the ProTaper file types at the apical level.