bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering hidden structures: previously undescribed pseudopodia and ectoplasmic structures in planktonic foraminifera
Authors: Greco Mattia , Westgård Adele , Sykes Freya E , Ezat Mohamed M , Meilland Julie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The trophic strategies of cold-water planktonic foraminifera are not well understood due to the challenge of culturing them in polar conditions. Here, we identify previously unknown ectoplasmic and cytoplasmic projections in three species of planktonic foraminifera thriving in polar and subpolar marine environments: Globigerina bulloides, Neogloboquadrina incompta and Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. These structures were observed during routine monitoring of cultured specimens sampled from the Norwegian coast, Greenland Sea and Baffin Bay. Two types of projections were discovered, including permanent and non-permanent structures such as ectoplasmic roots, twigs and twig-like projections, similar to those observed in benthic taxa Cibicides and Cibicidoides. Additionally, a previously undescribed filopodia-like projection was observed in N. pachyderma. We discuss the function, the ecological significance and the potential impact on pelagic processes of the presence of these structures in foraminifera species that occupy diverse niches in the water column. Our findings suggest that these structures may play an important role in the trophic strategies of cold-water planktonic foraminifera, and further research and observations are necessary to fully comprehend their significance in the carbon cycle.
FUSCA3-induced AINTEGUMENTA-like 6 manages seed dormancy and lipid metabolism
Authors: Liu Xiangling , Li Na , Chen Aoyu , Saleem Noor , Jia Qingli , Zhao Cuizhu , Li Wenqiang , Zhang Meng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
FUSCA 3 (FUS3), a seed master regulator, plays critical role in seed dormancy and oil accumulation. However, its downstream regulation mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the roles of AINTEGUMENTA-like 6 (AIL6), a seed transcription factor, in these processes. The activation of AIL6 by FUS3 was demonstrated by dual-LUC assay. Seeds of ail6 mutants showed alterations in fatty acid compositions, and both AtAIL6 (AIL6 from Arabidopsis thaliana) and BnaAIL6 (AIL6 from Brassica napus) rescued the phenotype. Over-expression (OE) of AIL6s reversed changes in seed fatty acid composition. Notably, OE lines showed low seed germination rates down to 12% compared to 100% of wild-type Col-0. Transcriptome analysis of the mutant and an OE line indicated widespread expression changes of genes involved in lipid metabolism and phytohormone pathways. In OE mature seeds, GA4 content decreased more than 15-fold, while abscisic acid and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) contents clearly increased. Exogenous GA3 treatments did not effectively rescue the low germination rate. Nicking seed coats increased germination rates from 25% to nearly 80% while the wild-type rdr6-11 is 100% and 98% respectively, and elongation of storage time also improved seed germination. Furthermore, dormancy imposed by AIL6 was fully released in the della quintuple mutant. Together, our results indicate AIL6 acts as a manager downstream of FUS3 in seed dormancy and lipid metabolism.
Neuropsychiatric lupus in late- and early-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pamuk Omer Nuri , Raza Ali Abbas , Hasni Sarfaraz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Late-onset SLE is usually milder and associated with lower frequency of LN and neuropsychiatric manifestations. The diagnosis of NPSLE is especially challenging in older patients because of increased incidence of neurological comorbidities. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the differences in NPSLE manifestations in early-onset (&lt;50-year-old) vs late-onset (≥50-year-old) SLE patients.

Methods
A literature search was performed using the PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases. Studies available in English (1959–2022) including a late-onset SLE comparison group and evaluating the frequency of NPSLE were eligible. A forest plot was used to compare odds ratios (95% CI) of incidence and manifestations of NPSLE by age groups. Study heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics.

Results
A total of 44 studies, including 17 865 early-onset and 2970 late-onset SLE patients, fulfilled our eligibility criteria. CNS involvement was reported in 3326 patients. Cumulative NPSLE frequency was higher in the early-onset group than in the late-onset group (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.59, P &lt; 0.0001). In early-onset SLE patients, seizures (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.27, 2.22) and psychosis (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.41) were more common than in late-onset SLE patients (P values, 0.0003 and 0.0014, respectively). Peripheral neuropathy was more commonly reported in the late-onset SLE group than in the early-onset SLE group (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.86, P = 0.004).

Conclusion
Our meta-analysis revealed that the frequencies of overall NPSLE, seizures, and psychosis were less common in late-onset SLE patients than in early-onset SLE patients. In contrast, peripheral neuropathy was more common in the late-onset SLE group.
Refugee migration, labor demand and local employment
Authors: Auer Daniel , Götz Lilia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Whether or not immigration negatively affects the labor market outcomes of natives is an ongoing debate. One challenge for empirical evidence is the simultaneity of supply- and demand-side effects. To isolate the demand side, we focus on refugees in Germany who are exogenously allocated to districts and excluded from the labor market. We leverage quasi-random variation in the local refugee share as an instrument to show that an influx of 1000 asylum-seekers creates almost 300 jobs in a district, on average. This effect is mainly driven by a demand for additional (female) labor in service, public administration and social work. The results are robust to various sensitivity checks and an alternative difference-in-differences identification strategy. Moreover, we show that employment effects largely offset the financial burden on the public. Quantifying the demand side of immigration adds to our understanding of local labor market dynamics in an increasingly mobile world.
A real-time, personalized sleep intervention using mathematical modeling and wearable devices
Authors: Song Yun Min , Choi Su Jung , Park Se Ho , Lee Soo Jin , Joo Eun Yeon , Kim Jae Kyoung 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The prevalence of artificial light exposure has enabled us to be active any time of the day or night, leading to the need for high alertness outside of traditional daytime hours. To address this need, we developed a personalized sleep intervention framework that analyzes real-world sleep–wake patterns obtained from wearable devices to maximize alertness during specific target periods. Our framework utilizes a mathematical model that tracks the dynamic sleep pressure and circadian rhythm based on the user’s sleep history. In this way, the model accurately predicts real-time alertness, even for shift workers with complex sleep and work schedules (N = 71, t = 13~21 days). This allowed us to discover a new sleep–wake pattern called the adaptive circadian split sleep, which incorporates a main sleep period and a late nap to enable high alertness during both work and non-work periods of shift workers. We further developed a mobile application that integrates this framework to recommend practical, personalized sleep schedules for individual users to maximize their alertness during a targeted activity time based on their desired sleep onset and available sleep duration. This can reduce the risk of errors for those who require high alertness during nontraditional activity times and improve the health and quality of life for those leading shift work-like lifestyles.
Integrative taxonomy reveals hidden diversity in theCatharus fuscater(Passeriformes: Turdidae) complex in Central and South America
Authors: Halley Matthew R , Catanach Therese A , Klicka John , Weckstein Jason D 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe assembled datasets of genetic ﻿(genomic ultraconserved elements ﻿[UCEs﻿], mtDNA﻿) and phenotypic (morphology, voice) characters to address species limits and taxonomy in the slaty-backed nightingale-thrush Catharus fuscater (Passeriformes: Turdidae), a polytypic complex of songbirds with a broad montane distribution in Central and South America. We identified 10 allopatric populations that have been evolving independently for multiple glacial cycles. Genetic structure is broadly correlated with divergence in phenotypic characters, including plumage colour, iris colour, maxilla (bill) colour, and the acoustic structure of vocalizations (calls and songs). We propose an integrative taxonomic revision that recognizes seven species in the complex, including a newly described species from eastern Panama, and four subspecies, of which two are newly described.
Imiquimod for Cervical and Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Inayama Yoshihide , Takamatsu Shiro , Hamanishi Junzo , Mizuno Kayoko , Horinouchi Noboru , Yamanoi Koji , Taki Mana , Murakami Ryusuke , Yamaguchi Ken , Kosaka Kenzo , Efthimiou Orestis , Kawakami Koji , Furukawa Toshiaki A. , Mandai Masaki 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the treatment efficacy and the risk of adverse events of imiquimod for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN), compared with placebo or no intervention.

DATA SOURCES:
We searched Cochrane, PubMed, ISRCTN registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform up to November 23, 2022.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
We included randomized controlled trials and prospective nonrandomized studies with control arms that investigated the efficacy of imiquimod for histologically confirmed CIN or VAIN. The primary outcomes were histologic regression of the disease (primary efficacy outcome) and treatment discontinuation due to side effects (primary safety outcome). We estimated pooled odds ratios (ORs) of imiquimod, compared with placebo or no intervention. We also conducted a meta-analysis of the proportions of patients with adverse events in the imiquimod arms.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
Four studies contributed to the pooled OR for the primary efficacy outcome. An additional four studies were available for meta-analyses of proportions in the imiquimod arm. Imiquimod was associated with increased probability of regression (pooled OR 4.05, 95% CI 2.08–7.89). Pooled OR for CIN in the three studies was 4.27 (95% CI 2.11–8.66); results of one study were available for VAIN (OR, 2.67, 95% CI 0.36–19.71). Pooled probability for primary safety outcome in the imiquimod arm was 0.07 (95% CI 0.03–0.14). The pooled probabilities (95% CI) of secondary outcomes were 0.51 (0.20–0.81) for fever, 0.53 (0.31–0.73) for arthralgia or myalgia, 0.31 (0.18–0.47) for abdominal pain, 0.28 (0.09–0.61) for abnormal vaginal discharge or genital bleeding, 0.48 (0.16–0.82) for vulvovaginal pain, and 0.02 (0.01–0.06) for vaginal ulceration.

CONCLUSION:
Imiquimod was found to be effective for CIN, whereas data on VAIN were limited. Although local and systemic complications are common, treatment discontinuation is infrequent. Thus, imiquimod is potentially an alternative therapy to surgery for CIN.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
PROSPERO, CRD42022377982.
Longitudinal Analysis of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Program Performance
Authors: Mahal Rajwant , Bluher Andrew , Kallogjeri Dorina , Seeser James , Piccirillo Jay , Buchman Craig A. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) is a newborn hearing screening system created to detect infants with hearing loss (HL) and intervene to reduce language and communication impairment. Early hearing detection (EHD) consists of three sequential stages: identification, screening, and diagnostic testing. This study longitudinally reviews each stage of EHD in each state and proposes a framework to improve utilization of EHD data.

Design:
A retrospective public database review was conducted, accessing publicly available data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Summary descriptive statistics were utilized to generate a descriptive study of EHDI programs in each U.S. state from 2007 to 2016.

Results:
Data over 10 years from 50 states as well as Washington, DC were included in this analysis, creating up to 510 data points per analysis. Hundred percent (85 to 105) (median [min to max]) of newborns were identified by and entered EHDI programs. Ninety-eight percent (51 to 100) of identified infants completed screening. Of the infants who screened positive for HL, the proportion that received diagnostic testing was 55% (1 to 100). The overall proportion of infants who failed to complete EHD was 3% (1 to 51). Of the infants who fail to complete EHD 70% (0 to 100) are from missed screenings, 24% (0 to 95) are from missed diagnostic testing, and 0% (0 to 93) are from missed identification. Although there are more infants missed at screening, it was estimated, with limitations, that there is an order of magnitude more infants with HL among those who did not complete diagnostic testing compared with those who did not complete screening.

Conclusions:
Analysis demonstrates high completion rates at both identification and screening stages, whereas the diagnostic testing stage demonstrates low and highly variable completion rates. The low completion rates at diagnostic testing create a bottleneck in the EHD process and the large variability impedes the comparison of HL outcomes across states. Analysis also demonstrates that among all stages of EHD, whereas the largest number of infants are missed at screening, the largest number of children with HL are likely missed at diagnostic testing. Therefore, a focus by individual EHDI programs on addressing causes of low diagnostic testing completion rates would yield the greatest increase in the identification of children with HL. Potential causes of low diagnostic testing completion rates are further discussed. Finally, a new vocabulary framework is proposed to facilitate further study of EHD outcomes.
Cannabis Use is Associated With Higher Rates of Pseudarthrosis Following TLIF
Authors: Tao Xu , Matur Abhijith V. , Khalid Syed , Shukla Geet , Vorster Phillip , Childress Kelly , Garner Rebecca , Gibson Justin , Cass Daryn , Mejia Munne Juan C. , McGrath Kyle , Ivey Natalie , Garcia-Vargas Julia , Wu Andrew , Street Seth , Mehta Jay , Onyewadume Louisa , Duah Henry O. , Motley Benjamin , Cheng Joseph S. , Adogwa Owoicho 
Published: July 2023

Study Design.
This was a retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
To compare the rates of pseudarthrosis in patients undergoing 1 to 3 level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) procedures between cannabis users and noncannabis users.

Summary of Background Data.
Recreational use of cannabis is common, though it remains poorly studied and legally ambiguous in the United States. Patients with back pain may turn to adjunctive use of cannabis to manage their pain. However, the implications of cannabis use on the achievement of bony fusion are not well-characterized.

Methods.
Patients who underwent 1 to 3 level TLIF for degenerative disc disease or degenerative spondylolisthesis between 2010 and 2022 were identified using the PearlDiver Mariner all-claims insurance database. Cannabis users were identified with ICD 10 code F12.90. Patients undergoing surgery for nondegenerative pathologies such as tumors, trauma, or infection were excluded. 1:1 exact matching was performed using demographic factors, medical comorbidities, and surgical factors which were significantly associated with pseudarthrosis in a linear regression model. The primary outcome measure was development of pseudarthrosis within 24 months after 1 to 3 level TLIF. The secondary outcomes were the development of all-cause surgical complications as well as all-cause medical complications.

Results.
A 1:1 exact matching resulted in two equal groups of 1593 patients who did or did not use cannabis and underwent 1 to 3 level TLIF. Patients who used cannabis were 80% more likely to experience pseudarthrosis compared with patients who do not [relative risk (RR): 1.816, 95% CI: 1.291–2.556, P<0.001]. Similarly, cannabis use was associated with significantly higher rates of all-cause surgical complications (RR: 2.350, 95% CI: 1.399–3.947, P=0.001) and all-cause medical complications (RR: 1.934, 95% CI: 1.516–2.467, P<0.001).

Conclusion.
After 1:1 exact matching to control for confounding variables, the findings of this study suggest that cannabis use is associated with higher rates of pseudarthrosis, as well as higher rates of all-cause surgical and all-cause medical complications. Further studies are needed to corroborate our findings.
Prevalence of Elevated Pulse Pressure and Hypertension in Adults Participating in Outpatient Physical Therapy
Authors: O'Connell Dennis G. , Jumper Jill D. , Hicks Brad , Klostermann Bubba , Carl Christopher , Bell Carmen 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
To examine pulse pressure (PP), systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) pressure in outpatient physical therapy or maintenance fitness subjects by age (5 age groups) and in those younger than versus those who were 65 years and older. To test for differences in SBP, DBP, and PP in those with and without a hypertension (HTN) diagnosis.

Methods:
Ninety-eight physical therapy and maintenance fitness subjects in 1 urban outpatient clinic had PP and SBP/DBP measured and classified (ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines) using two different age classifications: (1) 20 to 44, 45 to 54, 55 to 64, 65 to 74, or ≥75 and (2) ≤64 or ≥65. Comparisons were also made in SBP, DBP, and PP based on a known hypertension diagnosis.

Results:
Forty male and 58 female subjects (height: 65.98 inches [SD = 4.19]; weight: 180.91 pounds [SD = 39.62]; body mass index: 29.11 [SD = 5.86]; age: 64.34 years [SD = 15.92]) participated in this investigation. Systolic blood pressure, DBP, and PP were significantly higher in those older than 65 years. Systolic blood pressure significantly increases across 5 age groups. Systolic blood pressure, DBP, and PP were significantly higher in those older than 65 years. Pulse pressure was significantly greater in those with hypertension. Pulse pressure was abnormal in 36.2% of the sample.

Conclusions:
Thirty-six percent of subjects receiving physical therapy treatment or participating in maintenance fitness had elevated PP while 78.9% and 47.3% had abnormal SBP and DBP, respectively. Both PP and blood pressure were significantly influenced by age. Therapists should measure resting BP and PP before treatment and refer as needed to achieve improved control.
Impact of Preoperative Factors in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Postoperative Length of Stay: A National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Inflammatory Bowel Disease Collaborative Analysis
Authors: Hill Susanna S. , Ottaviano Kathryn E. , Palange David C. , Chismark A. David , Valerian Brian T. , Canete Jonathan J. , Lee Edward C. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Inflammatory bowel disease patients are challenging to manage peri-operatively due to disease complexity and multiple comorbidities.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to identify if preoperative factors and operation type were associated with extended postoperative length of stay after inflammatory bowel disease-related surgery, defined by 75 th percentile or greater (n = 926, 30.8%).

DESIGN:
This was a cross-sectional study based on a retrospective multicenter database.

SETTING:
The National Surgery Quality Improvement Program-Inflammatory Bowel Disease collaborative captured data from 15 high-volume sites.

PATIENTS:
A total of 3,008 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (1,710 with Crohn’s disease and 1,291 with ulcerative colitis) with a median postoperative length of stay of 4 days (IQR 3-7) from March 2017 to February 2020.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The primary outcome was extended postoperative length of stay.

RESULTS:
On multivariable logistic regression, increased odds of extended postoperative length of stay were associated with multiple demographic and clinical factors (model p < 0.001, area under ROC curve - 0.85). Clinically significant contributors that increased post-operative length of stay were rectal surgery (vs colon) (OR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.52-2.98), new ileostomy (vs no ileostomy) (OR 1. 50, 95% CI: 1.15-1.97), preoperative hospitalization (OR 13.45, 95% CI: 10.15-17.84), non-home discharge (OR 4.78, 95% CI: 2.27-10.08), hypoalbuminemia (OR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.27-2.18), and bleeding disorder (OR 2.42, 95% CI: 1.22-4.82).

LIMITATIONS:
Retrospective review of only high-volume centers.

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease who were preoperatively hospitalized, who had non-home discharge, and who underwent rectal surgery had the highest odds of extended postoperative length of stay. Associated patient characteristics included bleeding disorder, hypoalbuminemia and ASA classes 3-5. Chronic corticosteroid, immunologic, small molecule and biologic agent use were not significant on multivariable analysis.
Performance and Quality Measure Selection by Mohs Surgeons in the 2020 Merit-Based Incentive Payment System
Authors: Gronbeck Christian , Feng Hao 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND
The Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) seeks to promote value-based care through quality-adjusted Medicare payments.

OBJECTIVE
To assess 2020 MIPS performance and quality measure selection by Mohs surgeons.

METHODS
Retrospective, cross-sectional review of Medicare Quality Payment Program and Part B billing data sets.

RESULTS
In 2020, 8,778 dermatologists and 2,148 Mohs surgeons received a MIPS score. Mohs surgeons primarily participated through groups (51.6%) or individuals (36.4%). Most of them (77.4%) received a final score enabling a positive payment adjustment in 2022, with a notable proportion (22.3%) being eligible for a neutral payment adjustment in the setting of COVID-19 exemptions. The members of the American College of Mohs Surgery were more likely to meet the exceptional performance threshold (71.5% vs 59.0%, p < .0001), as were Mohs surgeons with <15 years of experience (73.3% vs 54.8%, p < .0001). Measures related to dermatology or Mohs surgery were reported by most individuals (92.0%) and dermatology groups (90.4%), yet less frequently by multispecialty groups (5.9%).

CONCLUSION
Many Mohs surgeons exceeded the performance threshold and used dermatology- or Mohs-related quality measures in 2020. Further assessments correlating quality measures with patient outcomes are needed to better understand the utility and appropriateness of the current value-based payment system and guide further policies.