bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geometric magnetism and anomalous enantio-sensitive observables in photoionization of chiral molecules
Authors: Ordonez Andres F. , Ayuso David , Decleva Piero , Smirnova Olga 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChiral molecules are instrumental for molecular recognition in living organisms. Distinguishing between two opposite enantiomers, the mirror twins of the same chiral molecule, is both vital and challenging. Geometric magnetism enables a broad class of phenomena in solids including the anomalous electron velocity, the Hall effect, and related topological observables. Here we show that ultrafast electron currents excited in chiral molecules can generate geometric fields which enable a class of anomalous enantio-sensitive observables in photoionization. Next, we introduce the first member of this class: enantio-sensitive orientation of chiral molecules via photoionization. This effect opens unexplored routes to both enantio-separation and imaging of chiral dynamics on ultrafast time scales. Our work suggests that geometric magnetism in photoionization provides the bridge between the two geometrical properties, chirality and topology.
Operando tomographic microscopy during laser-based powder bed fusion of alumina
Authors: Makowska Malgorzata G. , Verga Fabrizio , Pfeiffer Stefan , Marone Federica , Chang Cynthia S. T. , Florio Kevin , Schlepütz Christian M. , Wegener Konrad , Graule Thomas , Van Petegem Steven 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLaser-based Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) of oxide ceramics enables fabrication of objects with complex three-dimensional shapes. However, mechanical properties of dense LPBF-manufactured ceramics are poor due to large amount of structural defects. Here, we perform the operando tomographic microscopy during LPBF of a magnetite-modified alumina to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The effect of the laser energy density on the surface roughness, powder denudation zone and porosity formation mechanisms are investigated. Increasing laser power results in significant increase of the melt pool width, but not its depth and no melt pool depression is observed. Forces due to the recoil pressure are not seen to significantly influence the melt pool dynamics. Increasing power allows to avoid fusion porosity but enhances formation of spherical porosity that is formed by either reaching boiling point of liquid alumina, or by introducing gas bubbles by injection of hollow powder particles into the liquid.
Influence of reef isostasy, dynamic topography, and glacial isostatic adjustment on sea-level records in Northeastern Australia
Authors: Rovere Alessio , Pico Tamara , Richards Fred , O’Leary Michael J. , Mitrovica Jerry X. , Goodwin Ian D. , Austermann Jacqueline , Latychev Konstantin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnderstanding sea level during the peak of the Last Interglacial (125,000 yrs ago) is important for assessing future ice-sheet dynamics in response to climate change. The coasts and continental shelves of northeastern Australia (Queensland) preserve an extensive Last Interglacial record in the facies of coastal strandplains onland and fossil reefs offshore. However, there is a discrepancy, amounting to tens of meters, in the elevation of sea-level indicators between offshore and onshore sites. Here, we assess the influence of geophysical processes that may have changed the elevation of these sea-level indicators. We modeled sea-level change due to dynamic topography, glacial isostatic adjustment, and isostatic adjustment due to coral reef loading. We find that these processes caused relative sea-level changes on the order of, respectively, 10 m, 5 m, and 0.3 m. Of these geophysical processes, the dynamic topography predictions most closely match the tilting observed between onshore and offshore sea-level markers.
DOPA decarboxylase is an emerging biomarker for Parkinsonian disorders including preclinical Lewy body disease
Authors: Pereira Joana B. , Kumar Atul , Hall Sara , Palmqvist Sebastian , Stomrud Erik , Bali Divya , Parchi Piero , Mattsson-Carlgren Niklas , Janelidze Shorena , Hansson Oskar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe diagnosis of Parkinsonian disorders is currently based on clinical criteria, which have limited sensitivity until most dopaminergic neurons are lost. Here we show that cerebrospinal fluid levels of DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) (also known as aromaticl-amino acid decarboxylase) can accurately identify patients with Lewy body disease (LBD) (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.89;PFDR = 2.6 × 10−13) and are associated with worse cognitive performance (P < 0.05). We also found that DDC can detect preclinical LBD stages in clinically unimpaired individuals with a positive seed amplification α-synuclein assay (AUC = 0.81,P = 1.0 × 10−5) and that this biomarker could predict progression to clinical LBD over a 3-year period in preclinical cases (hazard ratio = 3.7 per s.d. change, confidence interval = 1.1–12.7). Moreover, DDC levels were also increased in atypical Parkinsonian disorders but not in non-Parkinsonian neurodegenerative disorders. These cerebrospinal fluid results were replicated in an independent cohort, where we also found that DDC levels in plasma could identify both LBD and atypical Parkinsonian disorders (AUC = 0.92,P = 1.3 × 10−14). Our results show that DDC might have a future role in clinical practice as a biomarker of dopaminergic dysfunction to detect Parkinsonian disorders even during the preclinical disease stages and predict their progression to clinical LBD.
Assessing the sustainability of socio-economic boundaries in China: a downscaled “safe and just space” framework
Authors: Shao Qinglong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study constructs a downscaled “safe and just space” framework consisting of 13 processes to evaluate China’s sustainability status of socio-economic sphere in 2020, with a focus on the impact of COVID-19. To minimize subjectivity in threshold setting, the study adopts the expected targets outlined in the national and sectorial official documents of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan. The results show that while overall employment and income have achieved satisfactory thresholds without deprivation, issues such as youth unemployment and wealth disparity have deteriorated. Social inequality and lack of trust remain prevalent despite high levels of self-reported life satisfaction. Developed areas exhibit a significantly higher average life expectancy than developing areas do, and gender imbalance persists as a chronic issue. The severity of energy deprivation compared with water is highlighted. In addition, this study confirms the validity of Hu Huanyong Line in dividing the spatial pattern of socio-economic sustainability status in China, as all the provinces meeting more than eight thresholds are located in the eastern part of the country. Based on these findings, the interactions between the socio-economic processes as well as their resilient behaviors to climate change under the COVID-19 impact are discussed. Finally, the study suggests future research directions to enhance the theoretical and methodological defects of the framework.
Balancing-oriented hydropower operation makes the clean energy transition more affordable and simultaneously boosts water security
Authors: Liu Zhanwei , He Xiaogang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReservoir hydropower offers a compelling combination of stability and flexibility services for modern water and power grids. However, its operating flexibility is poorly characterized in energy system planning, missing opportunities to cost-effectively uptake variable renewable energy (VRE) for a clean energy transition. In this study, we have developed a fully coupled reservoir operation and energy expansion model to quantify the economic and environmental benefits attained from adaptive hydropower operation in a high VRE future. Our case study of the China Southern Power Grid reveals that, in a 2050 net-zero grid, simply adapting hydropower operations to balance VRE can reduce 2018–2050 total system costs by 7% (that is, US$28.2 billion) and simultaneously save 123.8 km3 of water each year (that is, more than three times the reservoir capacity of the Three Gorges Dam). These vast, yet overlooked, cost- and water-saving potentials highlight the importance of incorporating balancing-oriented hydropower operation into future pathways to jointly decarbonize and secure power and water grids.
Best analgesia control in pancreatic adenocarcinoma study: justification and feasibility of a randomised trial of early EUS-CPN versus standard care—a prospective observational study (The BAC-PAC study)
Authors: Koulouris Andreas I. , Wagner Adam P. , Clark Allan , Alexandre Leo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Limited and conflicting trial data is available on the efficacy of Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Coeliac Plexus Neurolysis (EUS-CPN). This study aimed to assess the feasibility, justification and to inform design considerations of a randomised trial of early EUS-CPN versus standard care.

Methods
This was a questionnaire-based prospective observational study of patients with inoperable pancreatic adenocarcinoma who were self-reporting their performance status, pain levels, analgesic use, quality of life (QoL) and healthcare resource use, on a monthly basis.

Results
Over a total period of twelve months 143 patients were screened for eligibility, of which 56 met the criteria. In total, 12 (21%) patients were recruited. The median survival from the first record of pain was 5.2 (IQR 2.46–5.9) months. In total, 80% of the questionnaires were completed. The median Visual Analogue Score for pain was 2.6 (0.8–5.1) and the median daily morphine dose was 36 (20–48) mg.

Discussion
Recruitment rates remained low throughout this study. Despite these limitations, overall, this study supports the justification of trial administering endoscopic analgesia. However, uncertainties remain with regards to its feasibility. In a future trial, data collection procedures need to minimise burden to patients. Further observational research with a larger sample size, longer follow-up and refined procedures is required.
An apparent quandary: adoption of polygenics and gene panels for personalised breast cancer risk stratification
Authors: Lanchbury Jerry S. , Pederson Holly J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver the past 30 years, genetic and epidemiological advances have revolutionised the prediction of breast cancer risk in women with significant family history. By screening these women for high- and intermediate-risk pathogenic variants and by interrogating their genomes for multiple lower-risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we can provide individually tailored risk profiles in carriers of Mendelian breast cancer risk variants and in non-carriers, but clinical implementation of this approach is suboptimal. Risk mitigation may involve enhanced surveillance, preventive medications or risk-reducing surgery but barriers exist to the adoption of polygenic risk score (PRS)-based models in the clinic. PRS development has suffered from both systematic biases resulting from development and validation in those of European ancestry and from the consequences of unanticipated evolutionary differences particularly with regard to those of African ancestry. PRS approaches which take into account underlying genetic diversity offer a practical solution to the misapplication of European-derived PRS to other population groups including women of multiple ancestries. All ancestry PRS technology offers net benefit regardless of potency differences. While the new science of polygenics has surged ahead and its stratification insights have been incorporated into risk modelling, training of providers and genetic counsellors lags far behind and an educational revolution is also necessary to provide optimal patient care.
In vitro digestion of two protein-rich dairy products in the ageing gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Lavoisier Anaïs , Morzel Martine , Chevalier Séverine , Henry Gwénaële , Jardin Julien , Harel-Oger Marielle , Garric Gilles , Dupont Didier 
Published: September 2023

The new static in vitro digestion model for older adults (>65 y.) proposed by the INFOGEST international consortium was implemented for the 1st time to investigate the digestion of 2 high-protein dairy products and compared with the standard protocol.
MCDC‐Net: Multi‐scale forgery image detection network based on central difference convolution
Authors: He Defen , Jiang Qian , Jin Xin , Cheng Zien , Liu Shuai , Yao Shaowen , Zhou Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGenerative Adversarial Networks (GANs) emerged thanks to the development of deep neural networks. Forgery images generated by various variants of GANs are widely spread on the Internet, which may be damage personal credibility and cause huge property losses. Thus, numerous methods are proposed to detect forgery images, but most of them are designed to detect forgery faces. Therefore, a method to detect forgery images of various scenes is proposed. In this work, central difference convolution and vanilla convolution (CDC‐Mix) are mixed after considering the depth and width features of neural networks and analyzing the influence of attention on network performance. Based on CDC‐Mix, a separable convolution (SeparableCDC‐Mix) is proposed. The proposed method consists of three parts: (1) CDC‐Mix and SeparableCDC‐Mix are used to extract the gradient information and texture features; (2) CDCM is used to extract the multi‐scale information of the image; (3) multi‐scale fusion module (MS‐Fusion) is used to fuse the multi‐scale information from different locations of the network. A large number of experiments have been carried out on several datasets generated by GAN, and the experimental results show that the proposed method has a great improvement compared with the existing advanced methods.
Optimal multi‐period planning of the distribution network in the presence of wide‐spread penetration of small‐scale solar resources
Authors: Hamedi Masoud , Shayeghi Hossein , Seyedshenava Seyedjalal , Safari Amin , Younesi Abdollah , Bizon Nicu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a mixed‐integer non‐linear programming (MINLP) model for the multi‐period active low voltage (LV) distribution network expansion planning problem, which can be solved by off‐the‐shelf optimization solvers. In addition, the wide‐spread penetration of solar resources, optimal loading of transformers, and modeling of the multiple solar generation patterns are considered in the model. The solar resources are of roof‐top household‐scale photovoltaic panel type, developed using a host‐owned business model and are able to exchange energy with the distribution company (DISCO). This model enables the DISCO, as the owner of the network, to minimize the investment and operation costs while being able to determine the optimal location and capacity of the distribution transformers, the service zone of distribution transformers, the optimal route of the distribution lines, and the total and annual planning costs. In order to check the efficiency of the proposed model, a 0.4 kV distribution test network is considered to plan the LV network of a residential district over a planning horizon of 5 years. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed model in dynamic expansion planning of the active LV distribution network. Also, results illustrates that the penetration of solar sources can be a great tool to improve the technical, economic, and environmental criteria for planning studies. Specifically while reducing the billing costs of customers, it favors the government to reduce the pollution costs, and it enables the DISCO to reduce the loss costs and maintain the voltage in the standard boundaries.
Effects of magnetic fields on the center-to-limb variation in solar-type stars
Authors: Ludwig H.-G. , Steffen M. , Freytag B. 
Published: September 2023

Context. High-precision photometry of exoplanet transits obtained with the Kepler satellite allows one to derive information on the center-to-limb variation (CLV) of the host stars. Recent analyses indicate a small but systematic discrepancy between observations and theoretical expectations based on detailed multidimensional model atmospheres. It has been hypothesized that the discrepancy is related to the neglect of magnetic fields in the models.
Aims. Our goal is to test the above hypothesis for solar-like stars. We further intend to quantify the consequences for interferometry, and the possibility of extracting information at the level of stellar magnetic activity from the CLV.
Methods. We constructed a sequence of multidimensional models including magnetic fields of varying strengths. We derived theoretical predictions on the CLV, taking into account factors like the observational passband, stellar sphericity, the methodology of the light curve analysis, and interstellar extinction.
Results. The models predict a relative brightening of the stellar limb with increasing magnetic field strength, which qualitatively goes in the direction of reducing the mismatch between observation and theory. Quantitatively, however, the mismatch is not fully eliminated. Interstellar extinction on a level AV ≲ 1 mag has little impact on the CLV and is largely degenerate with the influence of magnetic fields. Global magnetic activity at field strengths ≲300 G influences interferometric radius measurements to ≲1%. We emphasize that our results refer to measurements taken in the Kepler passband.
Conclusions. The presence of magnetic activity appears to be a plausible explanation for the present discrepancy between observation and theory. The still-present partial mismatch needs to be understood. To this end, we point to improvements in modeling and wishes for more observational data of active stars, including spectral information.
Accuracy of Oxygen Partial Pressure Measurements: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Reeder Gary D. , Hood Andrew G. 
Published: September 2023

The accuracy of oxygen partial pressure (pO2) analysis was examined in two commercially available systems, an IL 513 blood gas analyzer and a new in-line sensor from Orange Medical Instruments.
Data was obtained with each system after equilibration of an in vitro test circuit with specially formulated tonometry gases. The response of each system was examined over a pO2 range from 19 Torr to 400 Torr. The effect of hypothermia on analytical accuracy of each system was evaluated over a range of 37°C to 21.5°C.
A high degree of temperature dependent error was found with analysis on an IL 513 system. This resulted in significant underestimation of true pO2 under most conditions examined. In contrast, the in-line sensor was found to report significantly more accurate data with less temperature dependence.
Developing a Perfusion Technology Curriculum Using the DACUM Process
Authors: Frankenberg Deborah L. , Foegelle Walter E. 
Published: September 2023

The DACUM process was used to develop a curriculum for a Perfusion Technology Bachelor of Science Program at Indiana University School of Medicine, Division of Allied Health Sciences.
DACUM, an acronym for developing a curriculum, is a brainstorming process for defining a job in terms of the skills necessary to perform it daily. As a result of the DACUM process, general areas of competence are identified and subdivided into specific skills. Once the necessary skills are identified, courses are designed to teach the skills.
Particulate Removal Efficiency in Arterial Screen Filters
Authors: Massimino R. J. , Stearns G. T. , Gough J. D. , Dyer R. , Martin J. 
Published: September 2023

Six types of commercially available arterial screen filters ranging from 20 to 40 microns pore size were evaluated for their efficiency in removing particulate matter. Five filters of each of these six commercial types were tested, for a total of thirty filters.
Three sizes of polystryene microspheres ranging from 25 to 53 microns in diameter were used to simulate particulate contamination. For each determination, approximately 124,000 microspheres were introduced proximal to each filter in a circuit flowing at 6L/min.
An ultrasonic microemboli detector was positioned distal to each filter to monitor the presence of microspheres.
Filtration efficiency ranged from 20.6% to 99.6% with 25 micron spheres, 13.9% to 99.5% with 35 micron spheres, and 94.4% to 99.4% with 53 micron spheres.
Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Pregnancy – Recommendations of the Working Group on Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine (AGG – Section on Maternal
Disorders)
Authors: Schneider Michael Oliver , Faschingbauer Florian , Kagan Karl Oliver , Groß Uwe , Enders Martin , Kehl Sven ,   for the AGG Section Maternal Diseases
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aim The AGG (Working Group for Obstetrics and Prenatal Diagnostics, Section Maternal Diseases) has issued these recommendations to improve the detection and management of Toxoplasma
gondii infection in pregnancy.
Methods Members of the Task Force developed the recommendations and statements presented here using recently published literature. The recommendations were adopted after a consensus
process by members of the working group.
Recommendations This article focuses on the epidemiology and pathophysiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy and includes recommendations for maternal and fetal
diagnosis, transmission prophylaxis, therapy, prevention, screening, and peripartum management.
Pippi geht von Bord – und nun? Konservative Behandlungsmöglichkeiten der weiblichen Harninkontinenz, ein praxisorientierter Bericht basierend auf der aktuellen S2k-Leitlinie Harninkontinenz
Authors: Höfling-Streitenfeld Christine 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung

Harninkontinenz der Frau kann in jedem Lebensalter auftreten. Es gibt ein breites diagnostisches und therapeutisches Instrumentarium, dessen Anwendung sich am Leidensdruck und an der Therapiemotivation der Patientin orientiert. Vor einer operativen Therapie der Inkontinenz sollten konservative Maßnahmen berücksichtigt werden. Eine fachgerechte Diagnostik und eine gut fundierte Beratung kann jeder betroffenen Frau die Chance auf eine individualisierte Behandlung eröffnen. Ziel dieses Beitrags sind praxisnahe und patientenorientierte Tipps aus Sicht einer Klinikerin zu formulieren.