bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on the photocatalytic oxidation of mercury in flue gas with a nano-flowered photocatalyst
Authors: Qin Zhiwei , Wu Jiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To solve the scientific problem of efficient removal of singlet mercury from coal combustion flue gas, we propose to combine it with photocatalytic technology. We have successfully synthesized a novel photocatalytic material by growing iron oxide nanoparticles in situ on the surface of bismuth tungstate material and analyzed the physicochemical properties, chemical composition, morphological structure, and optical properties of the material by XRD, SEM, TEM, EPR, and UV characterization methods. Heterojunctions and oxygen vacancies were constructed to achieve efficient photocatalytic oxidative removal of singlet mercury. The mechanism of action of the enhanced photocatalytic performance is described to provide a feasible solution for the future preparation of photocatalytic materials with high catalytic activity.
Study of Loss Reduction and Network Planning of a High Proportion Distributed Generation System
Authors: Liang Chen , Ma Yanhong , Ma Xiping , Bao Chengjia , Han Xushan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to realize a “double carbon” goal, it is necessary to further conserve energy and reduce emissions on the power grid. The high proportion of distributed generation dramatically impacts the power system network loss. Distributed generation connected to the distribution network is dependent on its location and capacity. In this work, distributed generation location and capacity are optimized by considering investment and operation costs, active power loss, and voltage security. Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the 9-bus system is optimized and analyzed. It is found that (1) for the radial distribution network system, the closer the access location of the distributed generation is to the end of the load, the smaller the line loss of the system; (2) with the increase of DG load capacity ratio, the overall network loss of the system will first decrease and then increase. Furthermore, the IEEE standard 33 bus distribution network system is further optimized and simulated in this study. It is demonstrated that the proposed method reduces network losses and improves voltage quality.
A Short-term Electricity Load Forecasting Method Based on WOA-BiLSTM-Attention
Authors: Song Qian , Lan Junhuan , Luo Fugui , Li Mingzhen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Under the “double carbon” policy, it is time to build a new green and safe power system. Special attention should be paid to the low accuracy in short-term power load prediction. Therefore, this paper presents a technique for anticipating short-term power demand based on a bidirectional long short-term memory network with a whale-optimized attention mechanism (WOA-BiLSTM-Attention), which is used to forecast and analyze the measured power values in a certain area. The experimental findings reveal that the suggested technique has much greater prediction accuracy and convergence speed, as well as superior stability, when compared to LSTM, BiLSTM, and BiLSTM based on attention mechanism, making it a good reference for power system planning and stability.
A Short-term Power Load Forecasting Method Based on An Improved VMD-LSTM Algorithm
Authors: Liu Leijia , Chen Ping , Wang Yanbing , Han Lu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Accurate power load prediction is a crucial basis to ensure the balance of power supply and demand. This paper provides a modified variational modal decomposition (VMD) - long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm, using genetic algorithm (GA) to iteratively optimize the number of decomposition layers and penalty factor parameters, and using VMD to obtain the modal components, fuse them with the filtered features. Then the reconstruction data is obtained through normalization according to the parameters of the original load characteristic data set. Finally, LSTM is constructed to excavate temporal characteristics and obtain power load prediction results. Simulation fully demonstrates the superior performance of this modified model in terms of prediction effect.
Research on the Inspection Method of Extra High Voltage Grid Based on 3D Model Fusion
Authors: Fu Chengcheng , Liu Jun , Sang Peishuai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The current traditional grid inspection method eliminates potential hidden problems of the power system by ranking fault points, but the lack of extraction and fusion of grid scene features leads to poor inspection results. In this regard, a three-dimensional model fusion-based inspection method for an extra-high voltage power grid is proposed. The key motion metric function is defined by calculating the local minima. And the 3D model is constructed to extract and fuse the UHV grid scene feature data, and finally, the path of UAV inspection is planned. In the experiment, the inspection performance of the proposed method is verified. The analysis of the experimental results shows that when the proposed method is used to inspect the extra-high voltage grid, the KRS index value is high and has a more excellent UAV inspection path planning capability.
Reactive Power Control and SVG Coordinated Control Method for HVDC Transmission System
Authors: Zhong Qidi , Ma Yulong , Li Zhichuang , Lu Yajun , Li Ming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a reactive power and SVG coordinated control method for a HVDC transmission system. The method includes calculating the reactive power ΔQ exchanged between the converter station and the AC system. Set the dead zone range of ΔQ and limit the output of ΔQ. Set the restriction condition of SVG’s ability to adjust and judge whether the reactive power emitted by SVG is restricted. Based on whether the reactive power sent by the SVG is limited and the limitation results of ΔQ, the input of the PI controller in the QPC module is calculated to complete the reactive power, and SVG coordinated control process. When this control method is adopted, the operating time of the converter greater than the rated angle is significantly reduced, the loss of the converter is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the DC voltage rise and fall are stabilized, and the AC voltage fluctuations due to the passive switching are greatly reduced.
An Early Warning Method of Transmission Line Icing Based on Power Grid Meteorological Monitoring Data
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhang Feng , Qiu Yutao , Wu Yifeng , Liu Ang , Mo Jianguo , Xie Xiahui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The icing of conductors may seriously affect the safe operation of the power grid, and it is imminent to research the early warning of icing of the power grid. This paper innovatively cites a mesoscale digital-intelligent weather forecast technology considering the influence of micro-topography and combining the power grid meteorological monitoring data to realize the monitoring and early warning of icing on the transmission line of the provincial power grid. The accuracy of the icing forecast can be improved through the interpolation correction of micro-topographic factors and the statistical correction of meteorological monitoring network monitoring. The study has achieved remarkable results in realizing precise line inspections and scientific ice-melting decision-making, enhancing the ability of power grid ice disaster prevention and mitigation, and has important theoretical significance and engineering application value for improving power grid security.
Optimal Dispatch of Distribution Networks Based on Energy Storage Systems and Integrated Demand Response in Lightning Climates
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Zhaoguo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Lightning weather is a type of strong convective weather that is an important factor in causing faults in the operation of the distribution network, which can lead to widespread power outages. The application of PV and energy storage systems further mitigates the losses caused by lightning-struck outages. In the paper, firstly, the uncertainty model of lightning strike probability and contact line power loss is established based on the irradiation intensity and the expected value of power losses is calculated using sequence operation theory. Secondly, considering the cost of load loss, an optimal dispatching model of the distribution network based on opportunity-bound planning is constructed to minimize system operation costs, and the impact of different operation strategies on power loss in the lightning context is explored in depth. The proposed method allows for a trade-off between the economy and the reliability of the distribution network in the lightning context by setting suitable confidence levels. Finally, the model is solved using the CPLEX solver, and the accuracy of the proposed model and dispatching strategy is verified by an improved IEEE33 system example.
Design and Implementation of Hardware in the Loop Simulation Test Platform for Photovoltaic Inverter
Authors: Liu Shaojie , Zhao Yingying , Li Wenhe , Cheng Yuanchu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to ensure the performance and safety of photovoltaic grid connected inverter, based on hardware in the loop simulation technology, the design and implementation of photovoltaic grid connected inverter simulation and test platform are discussed. The system structure, principle and main functions of the platform are introduced. The simulation and test platform is composed of simulation and monitoring computer, simulation and measurement interface device, programmable power supply and test instruments. In the platform, the programmable DC power supply, the programmable AC power supply and RLC load is used to simulate the characteristics of solar panels, power grid and load respectively. The test process is controlled by LabWindows/CVI software interface, and the test data collection is completed through power quality analyser, power analyser, oscilloscope and simulation and measurement interface device. The simulation test software completes the data analysis and realizes the full-automatic detection of the grid connected inverter. The established hardware in the loop simulation test platform of photovoltaic grid connected inverter has the ability to conduct comprehensive test and detection of photovoltaic grid connected system, which can be used to verify and evaluate the photovoltaic inverter before it is connected to the power grid.
Design of Reactive Power Online Monitoring System of Intelligent Distribution Transformer Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Huang Fu , Lin Junhong , Zhang Daolu , Wu Dan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to the unbalanced development of various regions, in most regions, the distribution transformer of medium voltage line has not realized automatic monitoring, so the staff cannot monitor it in real-time. Therefore, an online monitoring system for the reactive power status of intelligent distribution transformers based on edge computing is designed. The system hardware structure configuration consisting of the master station layer, the edge layer and the acquisition layer is constructed, and the system software functional structure consisting of data processing, online monitoring, and system management is designed. On this basis, the continuous sampling data of the reactive power of the intelligent distribution transformer is collected, and based on edge computing, the reactive power operation characteristics of the intelligent distribution transformer are obtained and matched to judge the reactive state of the intelligent distribution transformer operation, so as to realize online monitoring of the reactive state of the intelligent distribution transformer. The experimental results show that the online monitoring accuracy and efficiency of the intelligent distribution transformer reactive state are high.
A fully digital power supply system for TLS corrector magnets
Authors: Wang Baosheng , Liu Kuobin , Liu Chenyeo , Wong Yongseng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the development of a fully digital power supply system (FDPSS) for
the Taiwan Light Source (TLS) storage ring corrector magnet, which includes the fully digital
correction power supply (FDCPS), digital communication card (DCC), and a virtual operation
interface. The DCPS adopts a full-bridge circuit architecture, with the TI TMS320F28335 digital
signal processor (DSP) as the core, combined with an 18-bit high-resolution A/D converter and
discrete PID algorithm to achieve closed-loop current control, ensuring a stable output current
value of the system. The DCC can control eight DCPS modules through an RS485 protocol with a
virtual instrument control interface. This new system can replace the analog signal-modulated Bira
MCOR30A power supply system, which has been in operation for 25 years in the TLS storage ring and
can be upgraded to an FDPSS. This article aims to discuss the design concepts, hardware
implementation, and testing of FDCPS and DCC to demonstrate the advantages of full digital control
and to achieve the goal of independently researching and developing the prototype of
FDPSS. Ultimately, after long-term testing and verification, the system's output current stability
is less than ± 20ppm, indicating that this new system has high-precision and high-stability output
current characteristics. In this study, upgrading the TLS storage ring corrector magnet power
supply system to full digital control significantly improves output current stability and accuracy.
Environmental risks and opportunities of orphaned oil and gas wells in the United States
Authors: Kang Mary , Boutot Jade , McVay Renee C , Roberts Katherine A , Jasechko Scott , Perrone Debra , Wen Tao , Lackey Greg , Raimi Daniel , Digiulio Dominic C , Shonkoff Seth B C , William Carey J , Elliott Elise G , Vorhees Donna J , Peltz Adam S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Hundreds of thousands of documented and undocumented orphaned oil and gas wells exist in the United States (U.S.). These wells have the potential to contaminate water supplies, degrade ecosystems, and emit methane and other air pollutants. Thus, orphaned wells present risks to climate stability and to environmental and human health, which can be reduced by plugging. To quantify environmental risks and opportunities of well plugging at the national level, we analyze data on 81 857 documented orphaned wells across the U.S. We find that

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4.6 million people live within 1 km of a documented orphaned well. 35% of the documented orphaned wells are located within 1 km of a domestic groundwater well, yet only 8% of the wells have groundwater quality data within a 1 km radius. Methane emissions from the documented orphaned wells represent approximately 3%–6% of total U.S. methane emissions from abandoned oil and gas wells, but this estimate is based on measurements at

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0.03% of U.S. abandoned wells. 91% of the documented orphaned wells overlie formations favorable for geologic storage of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, meaning that orphaned well plugging can reduce leakage risks from future storage projects. Finally, we estimate plugging costs for documented orphaned wells to exceed the $4.7 billion federal funding by 30%–80%, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing federal spending on wells with large remediation benefits. Overall, environmental monitoring data are not extensive enough to quantify risks, especially those related to air and water quality and human health. Plugging orphaned wells can provide opportunities for geologic storage of carbon dioxide and hydrogen and geothermal energy development, thereby facilitating efforts to transition to net-zero energy systems. Our analysis on environmental risks and opportunities of orphaned wells provides a framework that can be used to manage the millions of documented and undocumented orphaned wells in the U.S. and abroad.
Isotropic N-point basis functions and their properties
Authors: Cahn Robert N , Slepian Zachary 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Isotropic functions of positions

r

1

,

r

2

,
…
,

r

N

, i.e. functions invariant under simultaneous rotations of all the coordinates, are conveniently formed using spherical harmonics and Clebsch–Gordan coefficients. An orthonormal basis of such functions provides a formalism suitable for analyzing isotropic distributions such as those that arise in cosmology, for instance in the clustering of galaxies as revealed by large-scale structure surveys. The algebraic properties of the basis functions are conveniently expressed in terms of 6-j and 9-j symbols. The calculation of relations among the basis functions is facilitated by ‘Yutsis’ diagrams for the addition and recoupling of angular momenta.
Prediction of Exhaust Gas Temperature of a Diesel Engine Running with Diesel Fuel-biodiesel-1-pentanol Ternary Blends
Authors: Gülüm Mert 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Diesel engines are utilized in the transportation sector owing to their high efficiency. In recent years, biodiesel and higher alcohols have taken the attention of researchers as promising alternative fuels for diesel engines. In this article, diesel fuel is mixed with corn oil biodiesel at the ratio of 80:20 (v/v). 2%, 5% and 8% of 1-pentanol (v/v) are mixed into the diesel fuel-corn oil biodiesel binary blend for obtaining ternary blends. The impacts of ternary blends on some performance and combustion behaviors of a diesel engine are researched. Power and exponential models to predict exhaust gas temperature linking to maximum pressure rise rate, brake effective power, lower heating value, engine speed, equivalence ratio and latent heat of evaporation are derived through the least square error method. The use of ternary blends results in lower brake effective power (5.4246%-6.0066%), exhaust gas temperature (5.9504%-7.9459%,) and peak cylinder pressure (6.8502%-7.1629%), compared to diesel fuel. The average relative errors are specified as 1.9214% and 2.9749% for the power and exponential models, respectively.
Investigation on Water Pollution Control of Drinking Water Source in China
Authors: Huang S J , Zhou G Q , Tang Y D , Wei J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Drinking water source is an important guarantee of domestic water for urban residents, which has been affected mainly by non-point pollution and aroused widespread concern in various countries. However, with the change of underlying surface types, there are significant differences in pollution control strategies. In this study, two pollution control strategies were proposed for two typical underlying surface conditions with high-density built-up water source and agricultural water source, respectively. It is considered that the high-density built-up area can be divided into ecological area and built-up area. The stormwater runoff from ecological area is intercepted and transferred to reservoir directly. But the stormwater runoff from built-up area are treated in three situations: rainfall less than 7 mm, rainfall greater than 7 mm and less than 50-year return period and rainfall greater than 50-year return period. Correspondingly, the intercepting ditch, embedded ecological reservoir, constructed wetland and deep tunnel are applied. Differently, for agricultural water source, the strategy of land right circulation can be taken to reduce domestic pollution and pesticide pollution. Further, the pollution load entering the reservoir is reduced by near-natural wetland, ecological isolation zone and floating debris interception. At the same time, with the help of superior natural resources, ecological industry can be developed to achieve balance of protection and development based on EOD. The research results can provide valuable reference for the treatment of non-point source pollution reservoirs.
Materials screening and characterization for functional printed automotive interiors parts
Authors: Hammes Nathalia , Ribeiro Catarina , Machado Catarina , Ferreira João , Campos Ricardo , Faye Djibril , Cortez Ana , Melo Sandra , Duarte Fernando , Pontes António , Viana Júlio C , Pedrosa Paulo , Homem Natália 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Flexible printed electronics (PE) has attracted strong interest during the last two decades and is one of the successful trends in material science, representing the future of PEs. This research work evaluates the use of screen-printing technology and materials for producing functional circuits for automotive interior parts, which can be subsequently processed through in-mold electronics (IME). Since the selection of the materials to build the printed system is of utmost importance, this study evaluates combinations of commercial polycarbonate substrates (LEXAN 8A13E, DE 1-4 060007 and LM 905 2-4 160009) and silver-based inks (ME603, ME604 and CP 6680), all suitable for IME. Different electrically conductive tracks varying in width and spacing (0.5, 0.3 and 0.2 mm) and two capacitive sensors were printed. Tensile tests and surface energy characterizations of the different polycarbonate substrates were carried out, then morphological, electrical, and thermoforming studies were performed on the printed substrates. Morphological characterization showed successful printing for wider lines (0.5 and 0.3 mm), but problems with screen clogging occurred for smaller line widths (0.2 mm). The electrical conductivity of printed tracks was in accordance to the printed layer thickness and ink solids percentage. The proof-of-concept of the electrical functionality was successful, when integrating the sensors into the PCB with SMD LEDs. Thermoforming showed limited functionality, with the best overall performance observed for specific combinations of substrate and ink. In essence, the results indicate that although all the selected substrates and silver-based inks have great compatibility among themselves and can be considered as materials for the production of functional automotive interior parts, there is no ideal pairing of inks and substrates. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of defining product specifications for a more suitable material selection.
Optical spectra of EGFR inhibitor AG-1478 for benchmarking DFT functionals
Authors: Alagawani Sallam , Vasilyev Vladislav , Wang Feng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Optical spectroscopy (UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy) is sensitive to the chemical environment and conformation of fluorophores and therefore, serves as an ideal probe for the conformation and solvent responses. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) such as AG-1478 of epidermal growth factor receptor when containing a quinazolinamine scaffold are fluorophores. It is, however, very important to benchmark density functional theory (DFT) method against optical spectral measurements, when time-dependent DFT is applied. In this study, the performance of up to 22 DFT functionals is benchmarked with respect to the measured optical spectra of AG-1478 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent. It is discovered when combined with the 6–311++G(d, p) basis set, there are top seven functionals; B3PW91, B3LYP, B3P86, PBE1PBE, APFD, HSEH1PBE, and N12SX DFT-VXC functionals are identified as the top performers. Becke’s three-parameter exchange functional (B3) tends to generate accurate optical spectra to form the best three functionals, B3LYP, B3PW91 and B3P86. Specifically, B3PW91 was recommended for studying the optical properties of 4-quinazolinamine TKIs, B3LYP was found to be excellent for absorption spectrum, while B3P86 was identified as the best for emission spectrum. Any further corrections to B3LYP, such as CAM-B3LYP, LC-B3LYP, and B3LYP-D3 result in larger errors in the optical spectra of AG-1478 in DMSO solvent. These best three (B3Vc) functionals are reliable tools for optical properties of the TKIs and therefore the design of new agents with larger Stokes shift for medical image applications. To obtain reliable optical spectra for this class of 4-quinazolinamine based TKIs, it is important to include the electron correlation energy.