bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of adrenergic receptors in shock
Authors: Geevarghese Mathew , Patel Krishna , Gulati Anil , Ranjan Amaresh K. 
Published: January 2023

Shock is a severe, life-threatening medical condition with a high mortality rate worldwide. All four major categories of shock (along with their various subtypes)—hypovolemic, distributive, cardiogenic, and obstructive, involve a dramatic mismatch between oxygen supply and demand, and share standard features of decreased cardiac output, reduced blood pressure, and overall hypoperfusion. Immediate and appropriate intervention is required regardless of shock type, as a delay can result in cellular dysfunction, irreversible multiple organ failure, and death. Studies have shown that dysfunction and downregulation of adrenergic receptors (ARs) are often implicated in these shock conditions; for example, their density is shown to be decreased in hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock, while their reduced signaling in the brain and vasculature decrease blood perfusion and oxygen supply. There are two main categories of ARs, α, and β, each with its subtypes and distributions. Our group has demonstrated that a dose of .02 mg/kg body wt of centhaquine (CQ) specifically activates α2B ARs on venous circulation along with the central α2A ARs after hypovolemic/hemorrhagic shock. Activating these receptors by CQ increases cardiac output (CO) and reduces systemic vascular resistance (SVR), with a net increase in blood pressure and tissue perfusion. The clinical trials of CQ conducted by Pharmazz Inc. in India have demonstrated significantly improved survival in shock patients. CQ improved blood pressure and shock index, indicating better blood circulation, and reduced lactate levels in the blood compared to in-use standard resuscitative agents. After successful clinical trials, CQ is being marketed as a drug (Lyfaquin®) for hypovolemic/hemorrhagic shock in India, and United States FDA has approved the phase III IND application. It is anticipated that the phase III trial in the United States will begin in 2023. Thus, we have demonstrated that α2 ARs could be suitable targets for treating or managing hypovolemic/hemorrhagic shock. Further understanding of ARs in shock would help find new potential pharmacological targets.
Genetic dissection of marker trait associations for grain micro-nutrients and thousand grain weight under heat and drought stress conditions in wheat
Authors: Devate Narayana Bhat , Krishna Hari , Mishra Chandra Nath , Manjunath Karthik Kumar , Sunilkumar V. P. , Chauhan Divya , Singh Shweta , Sinha Nivedita , Jain Neelu , Singh Gyanendra Pratap , Singh Pradeep Kumar 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionWheat is grown and consumed worldwide, making it an important staple food crop for both its calorific and nutritional content. In places where wheat is used as a staple food, suboptimal micronutrient content levels, especially of grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), can lead to malnutrition. Grain nutrient content is influenced by abiotic stresses, such as drought and heat stress. The best method for addressing micronutrient deficiencies is the biofortification of food crops. The prerequisites for marker-assisted varietal development are the identification of the genomic region responsible for high grain iron and zinc contents and an understanding of their genetics.MethodsA total of 193 diverse wheat genotypes were evaluated under drought and heat stress conditions across the years at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, under timely sown irrigated (IR), restricted irrigated (RI) and late sown (LS) conditions. Grain iron content (GFeC) and grain zinc content (GZnC) were estimated from both the control and treatment groups. Genotyping of all the lines under study was carried out with the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Breeder’s 35K Axiom Array.Result and DiscussionThree subgroups were observed in the association panel based on both principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram analysis. A large whole-genome linkage disequilibrium (LD) block size of 3.49 Mb was observed. A genome-wide association study identified 16 unique stringent marker trait associations for GFeC, GZnC, and 1000-grain weight (TGW). In silico analysis demonstrated the presence of 28 potential candidate genes in the flanking region of 16 linked SNPs, such as synaptotagmin-like mitochondrial-lipid-binding domain, HAUS augmin-like complex, di-copper center-containing domain, protein kinase, chaperonin Cpn60, zinc finger, NUDIX hydrolase, etc. Expression levels of these genes in vegetative tissues and grain were also found. Utilization of identified markers in marker-assisted breeding may lead to the rapid development of biofortified wheat genotypes to combat malnutrition.
Children’s social emotional competence in Pakistan and Sweden: Factor structure and measurement invariance of the Social Competence Scale (teacher edition)
Authors: Thomas Sarah , Kågström Anna , Eichas Kyle , Inam Ayesha , Ferrer-Wreder Laura , Eninger Lilianne 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionSocial emotional competence is fundamental to the positive development of children and youth. Accurately understanding and assessing children’s social emotional competencies, using psychometrically sound instruments, are essential to global efforts to support children’s social emotional learning, academic achievements, and health. This study examined the psychometric properties of a teacher-reported measure of young children’s social emotional competence, the Social Competence Scale – Teacher edition (SCS-T), in two samples of children growing up with varied economic resources/conditions, cultural norms, and educational experiences, namely Pakistan (N = 396) and Sweden (N = 309).MethodsParticipants were aged 4–6 years old. The study design was cross-sectional.Results and DiscussionUsing structural equation modelling, bi-factor confirmatory factor analysis models implying shared variance, among all items and domain-specific shared variance, among the prosocial items, emotion regulation items, and academic skills items resulted in good fitting models in each respective sample. Invariance testing across samples revealed a subset of items from each factor structure with partial scalar invariance, whereby five items had equal thresholds and could be comparable across the two samples. Thus, results provided partial support for hypotheses 1, 2, and 3, in that the posited three factor model (H1) was not clearly supported and a bi-factor model evidenced the best fit, among tested models, for both samples. Further, partial scalar invariance (H3) was found for five items out of 25 items, concerning social competence and academic skills. In regards, to the posited research question, the results of Z-tests showed significant (p &lt; 0.001) latent mean differences between the samples. Compared to the Swedish sample, the Pakistani sample was 1.80 units lower on social competence (z = −6.41, p &lt; 0.001) and 1.86 units lower on academic skills (z = −7.87, p &lt; 0.001). The implications of these findings in light of efforts to promote positive child development in diverse parts of the world are considered.
Mind the gap: Exploring differences in suicide literacy between cybersuicide and offline suicide
Authors: Li Ang , Jiao Dongdong 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe highly public nature of cybersuicide contradicts long-held beliefs of offline suicide, which may cause differences in the way people perceive and respond to both of them. However, knowledge of whether and how suicide literacy differs between cybersuicide and offline suicide is limited.MethodsBy analyzing social media data, this paper focused on livestreamed suicide and aimed to compare suicide literacy between cybersuicide and offline suicide on three aspects, including false knowledge structure, extent of association with stigma, and linguistic expression pattern. 7,236 Sina Weibo posts with relevant keywords were downloaded and analyzed. First, a content analysis was performed by human coders to determine whether each post reflected suicide-related false knowledge and stigma. Second, a text analysis was conducted using the Simplified Chinese version of LIWC software to automatically extract psycholinguistic features from each post. Third, based on selected features, classification models were developed using machine learning techniques to differentiate false knowledge of cybersuicide from that of offline suicide.ResultsResults showed that, first, cybersuicide-related posts generally reflected more false knowledge than offline suicide-related posts (χ12=255.13, p &lt; 0.001). Significant differences were also observed in seven false knowledge types. Second, among posts reflecting false knowledge, cybersuicide-related posts generally carried more stigma than offline suicide-related posts (χ12 = 116.77, p &lt; 0.001). Significant differences were also observed in three false knowledge types. Third, among established classification models, the highest F1 value reached 0.70.DiscussionThe findings provide evidence of differences in suicide literacy between cybersuicide and offline suicide, and indicate the need for public awareness campaigns that specifically target cybersuicide.
Navigated intramedullary nailing for patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures is cost-effective at high-volume hospitals in mainland China: A markov decision analysis
Authors: Tang Liang , Yi Xiaoke , Yuan Ting , Li Hua , Xu Cheng 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivePrevious studies have reported that navigation systems can improve clinical outcomes of intramedullary nailing (IMN) for patients with intertrochanteric fractures. However, information is lacking regarding the relationship between the costs of navigated systems and clinical outcomes. The present research aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of navigated IMN as compared with traditional freehand IMN for patients with intertrochanteric fractures.MethodsA Markov decision model with a 5-year time horizon was constructed to investigate the costs, clinical outcomes and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of navigated IMN for a 70-year-old patient with an intertrochanteric fracture in mainland China. The costs [Chinese Yuan (¥)], health utilities (quality-adjusted life-years, QALYs) and transition probabilities were obtained from published studies. The willingness-to-pay threshold for ICER was set at ¥1,40,000/QALY following the Chinese gross domestic product in 2020. Three institutional surgical volumes were used to determine the average navigation-related costs per patient: low volume (100 cases), medium volume (200 cases) and high volume (300 cases).ResultsInstitutes at which 300, 200 and 100 cases of navigated IMN were performed per year showed an ICER of ¥43,149/QALY, ¥76,132.5/QALY and ¥1,75,083/QALY, respectively. Navigated IMN would achieve cost-effectiveness at institutes with an annual volume of more than 125 cases.ConclusionsOur analysis demonstrated that the navigated IMN could be cost-effective for patients with inter-trochanteric fracture as compared to traditional freehand IMN. However, the cost-effectiveness was more likely to be achieved at institutes with a higher surgical volume.
Outcomes of integrated surgical wound treatment mode based on tibial transverse transport for diabetic foot wound
Authors: Chang Shusen , Zhang Fang , Chen Wei , Zhou Jian , Nie Kaiyu , Deng Chengliang , Wei Zairong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is frequently difficult to heal and finally leads to amputation, resulting in high mortality rate in diabetic patients. To date, effective and optimal therapies are still lacking. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of integrated surgical wound treatment (ISWT) mode on diabetic foot wound.MethodsFrom January 2021 to December 2021, 13 diabetic foot patients with Wagner grade 3 to 4 were treated with ISWT mode, which combined TTT technique with debridement, induced membrane technique, vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technique and skin grafting technique. The time of wound healing, the skin temperature at midpoint of dorsum of affected foot (T), visual analogue scale (VAS) score and ankle-brachial index (ABI) was measured before and after surgery. CTA examination of the lower extremity arteries was performed at the end of the cortex transport to evaluate the small arteriolar formation of the lower extremity. The complications occurred in each patient were recorded.Results13 patients with age ranging from 45 to 66 years were followed up for 3 to 13 months. All patients healed completely without amputation being performed, no serious complications were found except for one case of nail channel infection. The mean healing time was 25.8 ± 7.8 days, with a range of 17 to 39 days. The mean time of carrying external fixation scaffolds and resuming walking was 71.8 ± 10.0 and 30.8 ± 9.1 days, with a range of 56 to 91 days and 18 to 45 days, respectively. The skin temperature at midpoint of dorsum of affected foot (T), VAS and ABI was all improved significantly at 3 months after surgery. Furthermore, CTA examination showed an increase in the number of lower extremity arteries and a thickening in the size of small arteriolar compared with those of pre-operative, and the collateral circulation of lower extremity was established and interweaved into a network.ConclusionIntegrated surgical treatment of diabetic foot wound can achieve satisfactory clinical results.
Risk factors, prognostic potency, and longitudinal variation of anxiety and depression in postoperative glioma patients
Authors: Wu Xiaohua , Wang Dongdong , Wang Dan 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveAnxiety and depression are common mental disorders in glioma patients. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors, prognostic role, and longitudinal changes in anxiety and depression in postoperative glioma patients.MethodsAnxiety and depression were assessed by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at baseline, month (M) 6, M12, M24 and M36 in 270 glioma patients after surgical resection. Furthermore, comprehensive clinic characteristics and treatment-related information were collected.ResultsGender (female vs. male) (P = 0.014, odds ratio (OR) = 1.974), marital status (single/divorced/widowed vs. married) (P = 0.019, OR = 2.172), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score (≤70 vs. &gt; 70) (P = 0.002, OR = 2.556), World Health Organization (WHO) classification (high-grade glioma (HGG) vs. low-grade glioma (LGG)) (P = 0.005, OR = 2.155), and postoperative complications (yes vs. not) (P = 0.001, OR = 2.525) were independently related to anxiety occurrence. Marital status (single/divorced/widowed vs. married) (P = 0.034, OR = 2.026), KPS score (≤70 vs. &gt; 70) (P &lt; 0.001, OR = 3.880), WHO classification (HGG vs. LGG) (P = 0.032, OR = 1.810), and postoperative complications (yes vs. not) (P = 0.001, OR = 2.602) were independently related to depression occurrence. Besides, anxiety (P = 0.038) and depression (P = 0.013) were linked with shorter overall survival (OS), and depression was an independent risk factor for worse OS (P = 0.040, hazard ratio = 1.596). More importantly, anxiety and depression remained at a high prevalence during a 3-year follow-up.ConclusionGender, marital status, KPS score, WHO classification, and postoperative complications are risk factors for anxiety and depression; moreover, anxiety and depression are at high prevalence continuously and correlated with worse survival in postoperative glioma patients.
Functional outcome of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome treatment
Authors: de Kleijn Robert J. C. M. F. , Schropp Ludo , Westerink Jan , van Hattum Eline S. , Petri Bart-Jeroen , de Borst Gert J. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe low prevalence of Arterial Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (ATOS) and diffuse symptomatology have resulted in limited data on optimal treatment strategies and long-term outcome. The aim of this study was to report and evaluate a single center experience with the treatment of ATOS including midterm patient reported outcome.MethodsAll patients treated for ATOS from 2004 to 2020 were retrospectively identified. Patients were divided into two groups based on presenting symptoms; ATOX group (Acute arterial occlusion with ischemia) and ATOS group (claudication symptoms). Baseline characteristics and treatment details were extracted from electronic patient files. A telephone survey was conducted to collect patients' follow-up data including a functional disability score using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. The primary endpoint of this study was symptom-free survival. Secondary endpoints were median QuickDASH scores during follow-up, postoperative complications and possible re-interventions.ResultsA total of 20 patients (mean age 44.6 years, median follow-up 50.5 months) were included and divided into two groups (ATOXN = 9, ATOSN = 11). In the ATOX group, eight patients were primarily treated with catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT;N = 5) or surgical thrombectomy (N = 3). All patients received staged thoracic outlet decompression surgery (TOD). In the ATOS group, 10 patients primarily received TOD and one patient was treated conservatively with physiotherapy. Seven ATOX patients and nine ATOS patients were symptom free at follow-up with a median QuickDASH score of 2.3 (IQR 12.5) and 2.3 (IQR 16.5) respectively. Ten complications occurred in the ATOX group; three bleeding complications, five re-occlusions, one arterial dissection and one occipital infarction. In the ATOS group five complications occurred; one perioperative bleeding complication, three re-occlusions and a stent fracture. Seven vs. five re-interventions were required in the ATOX and ATOS groups respectively.ConclusionThe mid-term self-reported symptom free survival in both the ATOX as well as ATOS group seems acceptable while median QuickDASH scores in both groups indicate a very good functional outcome. This however comes at the cost of treatment related bleeding complications in especially the ATOX group presumably due to thrombolysis, and re-interventions required in almost one out of three patients.
Trends in COVID-Related Activity in Sentinel Family Medicine Practices: An Observational Study
Authors: Maeder Muriel , Auderset Diane , Borel Bernard , Masserey Eric , Schwarz Joëlle , Mueller Yolanda 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: During the COVID pandemic, data collected in family medicine were scarce. The COVID-FM project aimed to monitor trends of COVID-related activity in family medicine practices of the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, during the year 2021.Methods: Practitioners were invited to join an ad hoc sentinel surveillance system. Online data collection was based on daily activity reports and monthly questionnaires. Participants categorized daily counts of consultations and phone calls into predefined categories. Data were reported and discussed on a weekly basis with public health authorities.Results: On the target of 50 physicians, 37 general physicians from 32 practices finally constituted the COVID-FM sentinel network, contributing to 901 practice-weeks of surveillance in family medicine and 604 in paediatrics. In paediatrics, COVID-related activity corresponded mostly to COVID-19 diagnostic consultations (2911/25990 face-to-face consultations = 11.2%) while in family medicine, other COVID-related topics—such as questions on vaccination—predominated (4143/42221 = 9.8%).Conclusion: COVID-related consultations constituted an important part of primary care practices’ activity in 2021. Monitoring COVID-related activity in primary care provided health authorities with valuable information to guide public health action.
Associations of Long-Term Physical Activity Trajectories With All-Cause Mortality in a General Population
Authors: Lee Chia-Lin , Liu Wei-Ju , Chen Ching-Hsien , Wang Jun-Sing 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: We investigated the associations of mean levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and latent LTPA trajectories with all-cause mortality risk.Methods: Trajectories of LTPA were established using group-based trajectory analysis with a latent class growth model in a population-based cohort between 1996 and 2014. A Cox-proportional hazard model was conducted to examine the associations of LTPA quintiles and LTPA trajectories with all-cause mortality.Results: A total of 21,211 participants (age 18–90 years) were analyzed (median follow-up 16.8 years). The study participants were divided into five groups according to percentiles of LTPA (&lt;20th, 20th–&lt;40th, 40th–&lt;60th, 60th–&lt;80th, ≥80th) and LTPA trajectories (low/stable, medium/stable, increasing, decreasing, and fluctuating), respectively. Participants with a decreasing trajectory did not have a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality despite having the highest baseline level of LTPA. In contrast, participants with a medium/stable (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.72–0.98, p = 0.031) or an increasing (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.33–0.97, p = 0.037) trajectory had a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality.Conclusion: Promotion of maintaining stable LTPA is beneficial for public health and survival.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BUNGA KECOMBRANG (Etlingera elatior Jack) SEBAGAI HIPOLIPIDEMIA PADA TIKUS WISTAR OBESITAS
Authors: Wardani Sri , Bogoriani Ni Wayan , Rustini Ni Luh 
Published: January 2023

Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior Jack) is a plant that has potential for hypolipidemia. Kecombrang has secondary metabolites consisting of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, phenolics, and flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the hypolipidemic activity of kecombrang flower methanol extract in obesed Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. The test animals used in this study were 18 female white rats aged two months, weight of ± 150 grams. The test animals were divided into three groups, namely normal control (only given standard feed), high-fat control (obesed rats with high-fat diet), and flower treatment group (obesed rats with a high-fat diet + flower methanol extract 100 mg/kgBW) orally for 30 days. The results showed that kecombrang flowers reduced total cholesterol levels by 55.5%, triglycerides (TG) by 57.4%, LDL by 76.73%, and increased HDL by 42.96%. The kecombrang flower has the potential for hypolipidemia which is characterized by a decrease in total cholesterol, TG, LDL, and can increase HDL levels in obese rats significantly (p<0.05).