bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NANDANA GEM & MUSEUM, SRI LANKA
Authors: Vergelska N.V. , Vergelska V.V. 
Published: June 2023

Since ancient times, the island of Sri Lanka (Ceylon) has been known as Ratnadwipa, which translates as "the land where gems are found." It is possible that Sri Lanka was the legendary biblical Tarshish, from where King Solomon exported ivory and precious stones. And today in Ratnapura mining of precious and semi-precious stones continues (sapphires, rubies, amethysts, tourmalines, cat's eye, alexandrites, spinel, garnets, topazes), which are appreciated by jewelers all over the world.
Pengaruh Perkebunan Inti Rakyat (PIR) terhadap Pendapatan Petani Desa Seraras Kecamatan Sekadau Hilir Kabupaten Sekadau
Authors: Hartanto Heri Kristianus 
Published: June 2023

his study aims to determine the PIR management system, and the income of oil palm PIR farmers. The research was conducted in Seraras Village, Sekadau District, Sekadau District, West Kalimantan Province, in June-July 2015. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method, which is a research method based on solving actual problems that exist today. There are 2 samples taken, namely landowners, landowners working alone in their own land. The type of data taken is Snowball Sampling, with an interview and documentation system. The results of this study indicate that there are 2 PIR processing systems, namely, land owners who employ employees, and self-employed owners who work on their own land. The income of land owner farmers who employ employees is Rp. 22,208,215 years/ha, and the income of farmers working on their own land is IDR 20,828,178 years/ha.
Keywords: PIR, Income, Farmers, Plasma, Sekadau
A new species of Thyrea (Lichinales: Lichinaceae) from the Brazilian central-west region
Authors: Kitaura Marcos Junji , Scur Mayara Camila , Lorenz Aline Pedroso 
Published: June 2023

En el centro-oeste de Brasil, la región de la Serra da Bodoquena comprende bosques ribereños, caducifolios estacionales y semideciduos, donde se conocen unas 400 especies de líquenes. El área está sufriendo los impactos de la agricultura y los incendios intencionales, que amenazan la biodiversidad local. Estudiando los hongos formadores de líquenes de la Serra da Bodoquena a través de análisis integrativos, se describe una nueva especie, Thyrea pulverulenta (Lichinales, Lichinaceae). Además, se generaron secuencias de las regiones nuITS y mtSSU, y se infirió la posición del género dentro de los Lichinomycetes, confirmando su estrecha relación filogenética con Watsoniomyces. También demostramos que la región aún necesita ser estudiada, siendo un posible punto crítico de biodiversidad con especies endémicas.
In central-west Brazil, the Serra da Bodoquena region comprises riparian, seasonal deciduous, and semideciduous forests, where ca. 400 lichens species are known. The area is suffering the impacts of agriculture and intentional fires, which threaten the local biodiversity. Studying the lichen-forming fungi from the Serra da Bodoquena through integrative analyses, a new species was discovered, Thyrea pulverulenta (Lichinales, Lichinaceae). In addition, sequences of nuITS and mtSSU regions were generated, and the position of the genus within the Lichinomycetes was inferred, confirming its close phylogenetic relationship with Watsoniomyces. We also demonstrated that the region still needs to be studied, being a possible biodiversity hotspot with endemic species.
Evaluation of Anti-diabetic Activity of Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts of C. tinctorius L. (Safflower Florets)
Authors: Sultana Ayesha , Anwar S. Y. , Hussain Md. Manazzir 
Published: June 2023

Alloxan was one of the usual substances used for the induction of diabetes mellitus. It has a destructive effect on the β cells of the pancreas. Glibenclamide was an oral sulphonylurea antidiabetic preparation and widely used as standard drug in antidiabetic study. In the hypoglycaemic study of C. tinctorius L. petals extract in alloxan induced diabetic rats, significant increase in serum fasting blood glucose level with decrease in body weight were observed. On the other hand, petals extract treatment to animals produced a dose related hypoglycaemic effects. The increased blood glucose level was brought down and gain in body weight was seen.
Alloxan effectively induced diabetes in normal rats that are reflected by elevated levels of blood glucose, glycosylated Hb and reduced levels of body weight, liver, pancreas and kidney glycogen, insulin of the injected animals. Treatment with standard drug glibenclamide and methanolic and aqueous extracts of C. tinctorius L. petals reversed these conditions. While comparing plant extracts for antidiabetic study, aqueous extract of C. tinctorius L. petals showed better activity than the methanolic extract. Decrease in glycogen content of liver, pancreas and kidney were in diabetic control rats were due to the leakage of insulin in diabetic state. Prevention of glycogen depletion in the liver following administration of petals extract and standard drug could have been achieved by stimulation of insulin release. The highest improvement was recorded in 600 mg/kg b.w. dosage of C. tinctorius L. (petals).
Inheritance Studies in Segregating Population of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Santhoshini A. , Dubey Nidhi , Avinashe Harshal Ashok , Thonta Raju , Kumar Rajneesh 
Published: June 2023

The experimental material of present study comprised of 127 treatments and 4 check varieties in augmented design conducted during rabi season (2022) in research field of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India. Observations were recorded for days to 50% heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, ear length, number of spikelets per ear, ear weight, number of grains per ear, test weight, biological yield per plant, harvest index, chlorophyll content and grain yield per plant. Analysis of variance disclosed that treatments and check varieties are highly significant for all the characters. Phenotypic coefficient of variation noted higher magnitude than genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits. Heritability combined with genetic advance as percent of mean is noted high for grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, number of productive tillers per plant, ear weight, harvest index, test weight, ear length, number of spikelets per ear, number of grains per ear and plant height. The correlation coefficient assessed positive and highly significant for biological yield per plant, number of productive tillers per plant, harvest index, ear weight, plant height, test weight and ear length. Grain yield per plant recorded positive significant association with biological yield per plant (0.7816), number of productive tillers per plant (0.7051), harvest index (0.527), ear weight (0.4076), plant height (0.3632), test weight (0.3222), and ear length (0.2439), whereas negatively significantly associated with days to 50% heading (-0.4019) and days to maturity (-0.4019). The findings from path analysis unveiled that the maximum direct effect was noted for biological yield per plant, harvest index, number of spikelets per ear, number of productive tillers per plant, ear weight, days to 50% heading, test weight and days to maturity. Out of thirteen traits, eight traits exhibited direct positive effect on grain yield such as biological yield per plant (0.8282), harvest index (0.6061), number of spikelets per ear (0.107), number of productive tillers per plant (0.0191), ear weight (0.0138), days to 50% heading (0.011), test weight (0.0088), and days to maturity (0.0001).
Estimating Patient-Specific Relative Benefit of Adding Biologics to Conventional Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Authors: Luo Yan , Chalkou Konstantina , Funada Satoshi , Salanti Georgia , Furukawa Toshi A. 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceCurrent evidence remains ambiguous regarding whether biologics should be added to conventional treatment of rheumatoid arthritis for specific patients, which may cause potential overuse or treatment delay.ObjectivesTo estimate the benefit of adding biologics to conventional antirheumatic drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis given baseline characteristics.Data SourcesCochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, MEDLINE, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for articles published from database inception to March 2, 2022.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials comparing certolizumab plus conventional antirheumatic drugs with placebo plus conventional drugs were selected.Data Extraction and SynthesisIndividual participant data of the prespecified outcomes and covariates were acquired from the Vivli database. A 2-stage model was fitted to estimate patient-specific relative outcomes of adding certolizumab vs conventional drugs only. Stage 1 was a penalized logistic regression model to estimate the baseline expected probability of the outcome regardless of treatment using baseline characteristics. Stage 2 was a bayesian individual participant data meta-regression model to estimate the relative outcomes for a particular baseline expected probability. Patient-specific results were displayed interactively on an application based on a 2-stage model.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was low disease activity or remission at 3 months, defined by 3 disease activity indexes (ie, Disease Activity Score based on the evaluation of 28 joints, Clinical Disease Activity Index, or Simplified Disease Activity Index).ResultsIndividual participant data were obtained from 3790 patients (2996 female [79.1%] and 794 male [20.9%]; mean [SD] age, 52.7 [12.3] years) from 5 large randomized clinical trials for moderate to high activity rheumatoid arthritis with usable data for 22 prespecified baseline covariates. Overall, adding certolizumab was associated with a higher probability of reaching low disease activity. The odds ratio for patients with an average baseline expected probability of the outcome was 6.31 (95% credible interval, 2.22-15.25). However, the benefits differed in patients with different baseline characteristics. For example, the estimated risk difference was smaller than 10% for patients with either low or high baseline expected probability.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this individual participant data meta-analysis, adding certolizumab was associated with more effectiveness for rheumatoid arthritis in general. However, the benefit was uncertain for patients with low or high baseline expected probability, for whom other evaluations were necessary. The interactive application displaying individual estimates may help with treatment selection.
Design Parameters for Injectable Biopolymeric Hydrogels with Dynamic Covalent Chemistry Crosslinks
Authors: de Paiva Narciso Narelli , Navarro Renato S. , Gilchrist Aidan E. , Trigo Miriam L. M. , Aviles Rodriguez Giselle , Heilshorn Sarah C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) crosslinks can form hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties permissive to injectability and self‐healing. However, not all hydrogels with transient crosslinks are easily extrudable. For this reason, two additional design parameters must be considered when formulating DCC‐crosslinked hydrogels: 1) degree of functionalization (DoF) and 2) polymer molecular weight (MW). To investigate these parameters, hydrogels comprised of two recombinant biopolymers: 1) a hyaluronic acid (HA) modified with benzaldehyde and 2) an elastin‐like protein (ELP) modified with hydrazine (ELP‐HYD), are formulated. Several hydrogel families are synthesized with distinct HA MW and DoF while keeping the ELP‐HYD component constant. The resulting hydrogels have a range of stiffnesses,G′ ≈ 10–1000 Pa, and extrudability, which is attributed to the combined effects of DCC crosslinks and polymer entanglements. In general, lower MW formulations require lower forces for injectability, regardless of stiffness. Higher DoF formulations exhibit more rapid self‐healing. Gel extrusion through a cannula (2 m length, 0.25 mm diameter) demonstrates the potential for minimally invasive delivery for future biomedical applications. In summary, this work highlights additional parameters that influence the injectability and network formation of DCC‐crosslinked hydrogels and aims to guide future design of injectable hydrogels.
Mechanochemical Degradation of Poly(vinyl chloride) into Nontoxic Water‐Soluble Products via Sequential Dechlorination, Heterolytic Oxirane Ring‐Opening, and Hydrolysis
Authors: Choudhury Neha , Kim Ahyun , Kim Minseong , Kim Byeong‐Su 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs one of the most widely used commodity plastics, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is extensively used worldwide, yet is difficult to recycle and is often discarded immediately after use. Its end‐of‐life treatment often generates toxic hydrogen chloride and dioxins that pose a critical threat to ecosystems. To address this challenge, the mechanochemical degradation of PVC into water‐soluble biocompatible products is presented herein. Oxirane mechanophores are strategically introduced into the polymeric backbone via sequential dechlorination followed by epoxidation. The oxirane mechanophore in the polymer backbone undergoes a force‐induced heterolytic ring‐opening to carbonyl ylide intermediates, which eventually generates acetals during the course of the reaction. The subsequent hydrolysis of the backbone acetals affords the scission of the polymeric chain into water‐soluble low‐molecular‐weight fragments. Combined with its low cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity, this solvent‐free mechanochemical degradation process offers a green alternative for the degradation of PVC.
Arbitrary Optical Wavefront Shaping with Holographic Plasmonic Gap Waveguides
Authors: Zhou Guang Zhu , Chen Bao‐Jie , Wu Geng‐Bo , Qu Shi‐Wei , Chan Chi Hou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractManipulations of free‐space light are usually achieved through various metasurfaces and spatial light modulators. However, an external light source is required to excite these devices, making complete on‐chip integrations difficult. Integrated photonics enables the miniaturization and multi‐functionalization of optical systems by densely packing numerous optical components on a single chip. Particularly, plasmons have recently attracted extensive attention due to their unique abilities to enable the routing and manipulation of light at the nanoscale. Here optical wavefront shaping achieved by holographic metal‐insulator‐metal plasmonic gap waveguides is reported. An arbitrary free‐space wave's amplitude and phase information can be recorded in the waveguide by the amplitude variation of the guided wave. By elaborately designing the plasmonic gap waveguide, the guided waves can be molded into any desired free‐space light field, thus enabling complex free‐space functions including highly directional beams, dual beams with arbitrarily tailorable power ratio and radiation angles, focusing beams, and Airy beam generation. This study opens a new route for optical wavefront shaping via modulating guided waves. It paves the way for optical interconnects across multifunctional photonic integrated devices and free space, holding potential in optical communications, light detection and ranging, imaging, and displays.
A Route to Ultra‐Fast Amplitude‐Only Spatial Light Modulation using Phase‐Change Materials
Authors: Shields Joe , De Galarreta Carlota Ruiz , Penketh Harry , Au Yat‐Yin , Bertolotti Jacopo , Wright C. David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA phase‐change material based, thin‐film, amplitude‐only spatial light modulator is presented. The modulator operates in reflection and modulates the amplitude of light incident on its surface with no effect on optical phase when the phase‐change material is switched between its amorphous and crystalline states. This is achieved using a thin‐film device with an embedded, switchable, GeTe phase‐change layer. Test modulation patterns are written to the device using laser scans, and the amplitude and phase response measured, using optical spectroscopy and off‐axis digital holography. Experimental results reveal reflected intensity to be modulated by up to 38%, with an averaged phase difference of less than ≈π/50. Since phase‐change materials such as GeTe can be switched on sub‐microsecond timescales, this approach maps out a route for ultra‐fast amplitude spatial light modulators with widespread applications in fields such as wavefront shaping, communications, sensing, and imaging.
Near‐IR Electrochromic Dihydroindolo(2,3a)carbazole‐Based Macrocycles and Their [b]‐Annulated BODIPY Complexes
Authors: Spergen Aswini , Kalaiselvan Arumugam , Gokulnath Sabapathi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA new class of redox‐active dihydroindolo(2,3a)carbazole(InC)‐based porphyrin‐like macrocycles (thiophene embedded: InCT and p–phenylene embedded: InCB) and the corresponding [b]‐annulated BODIPY complexes (InCTBF2 and InCBBF2) are reported. A facile synthetic methodology is adopted to accomplish the new expanded‐porphyrin‐like macrocyclic systems using the key precursor 11 based on 11,12‐dihydroindolo(2,3a)carbazole building block 4. In these macrocyclic systems, the subunit 4 is deemed to be a donor and an azafulvene‐extended with π‐conjugated fragment (thiophene or p‐phenylene) acts as an acceptor. Single crystal X‐ray structures are obtained for both InCT and InCB. Spectroelectrochemical studies on these macrocycles and their BF2 complexes display intriguing near‐IR electrochromic properties with reversible multi‐color switching upon cathodic scans at room temperature. InCTBF2 shows high stability with a radical comproportionation constant (Kc) of 1.22 × 106. Thiophene and p‐phenylene subunits in InCT and InCB exhibit ring rotation at room temperature as evident from NMR studies. Such ring rotation is restricted upon BF2 complexation, and they show unusual stability in acidic conditions.
Autophagosomes Defeat Ferroptosis by Decreasing Generation and Increasing Discharge of Free Fe2+ in Skin Repair Cells to Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Cui Shengnan , Liu Xi , Liu Yong , Hu Wenzhi , Ma Kui , Huang Qilin , Chu Ziqiang , Tian Lige , Meng Sheng , Su Jianlong , Zhang Wenhua , Li Haihong , Fu Xiaobing , Zhang Cuiping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFerroptosis plays an essential role in the development of diabetes and its complications, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis. Secretory autophagosomes (SAPs) carrying cytoplasmic cargoes have been recognized as novel nano‐warrior to defeat diseases. Here, it is hypothesized that SAPs derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) can restore the function of skin repair cells by inhibiting ferroptosis to promote diabetic wound healing. High glucose (HG)‐caused ferroptosis in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) is observed in vitro, which results in impaired cellular function. SAPs successfully inhibit ferroptosis in HG‐HDFs, thereby improving their proliferation and migration. Further research show that the inhibitory effect of SAPs on ferroptosis resulted from a decrease in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐regulated generation of free ferrous ions (Fe2+) in HG‐HDFs and an increase in exosome release to discharge free Fe2+ from HG‐HDFs. Additionally, SAPs promote the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HG‐HUVECs. Then the SAPs are loaded into gelatin‐methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels to fabricate functional wound dressings. The results demonstrate the therapeutic effect of Gel‐SAPs on diabetic wounds by restoring the normal behavior of skin repair cells. These findings suggest a promising SAP‐based strategy for the treatment of ferroptosis‐associated diseases.
Gibbs Adsorption and Zener Pinning Enable Mechanically Robust High‐Performance Bi2Te3‐Based Thermoelectric Devices
Authors: Zhang Chaohua , Lai Qiangwen , Wang Wu , Zhou Xuyang , Lan Kailiang , Hu Lipeng , Cai Bowen , Wuttig Matthias , He Jiaqing , Liu Fusheng , Yu Yuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBi2Te3‐based alloys have great market demand in miniaturized thermoelectric (TE) devices for solid‐state refrigeration and power generation. However, their poor mechanical properties increase the fabrication cost and decrease the service durability. Here, this work reports on strengthened mechanical robustness in Bi2Te3‐based alloys due to thermodynamic Gibbs adsorption and kinetic Zener pinning at grain boundaries enabled by MgB2 decomposition. These effects result in much‐refined grain size and twofold enhancement of the compressive strength and Vickers hardness in (Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3)0.97(MgB2)0.03 compared with that of traditional powder‐metallurgy‐derived Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3. High mechanical properties enable excellent cutting machinability in the MgB2‐added samples, showing no missing corners or cracks. Moreover, adding MgB2 facilitates the simultaneous optimization of electron and phonon transport for enhancing the TE figure of merit (ZT). By further optimizing the Bi/Sb ratio, the sample (Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3)0.97(MgB2)0.03 shows a maximum ZT of ≈1.3 at 350 K and an average ZT of 1.1 within 300–473 K. As a consequence, robust TE devices with an energy conversion efficiency of 4.2% at a temperature difference of 215 K are fabricated. This work paves a new way for enhancing the machinability and durability of TE materials, which is especially promising for miniature devices.
A recurrent homozygous LMNA missense variant p.Thr528Met causes atypical progeroid syndrome characterized by mandibuloacral dysostosis, severe muscular dystrophy, and skeletal deformities
Authors: Saadi Abdelkrim , Navarro Claire , Ozalp Ozge , Lourenco Charles Marques , Fayek Racha , Da Silva Nathalie , Chaouch Athmane , Benahmed Meryem , Kubisch Christian , Munnich Arnold , Lévy Nicolas , Roll Patrice , Pacha Lamia Ali , Chaouch Malika , Lessel Davor , De Sandre‐Giovannoli Annachiara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAtypical progeroid syndromes (APS) are premature aging syndromes caused by pathogenic LMNA missense variants, associated with unaltered expression levels of lamins A and C, without accumulation of wild‐type or deleted prelamin A isoforms, as observed in Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) or HGPS‐like syndromes. A specific LMNA missense variant, (p.Thr528Met), was previously identified in a compound heterozygous state in patients affected by APS and severe familial partial lipodystrophy, whereas heterozygosity was recently identified in patients affected by Type 2 familial partial lipodystrophy. Here, we report four unrelated boys harboring homozygosity for the p.Thr528Met, variant who presented with strikingly homogeneous APS clinical features, including osteolysis of mandibles, distal clavicles and phalanges, congenital muscular dystrophy with elevated creatine kinase levels, and major skeletal deformities. Immunofluorescence analyses of patient‐derived primary fibroblasts showed a high percentage of dysmorphic nuclei with nuclear blebs and typical honeycomb patterns devoid of lamin B1. Interestingly, in some protrusions emerin or LAP2α formed aberrant aggregates, suggesting pathophysiology‐associated clues. These four cases further confirm that a specific LMNA variant can lead to the development of strikingly homogeneous clinical phenotypes, in these particular cases a premature aging phenotype with major musculoskeletal involvement linked to the homozygous p.Thr528Met variant.