bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of fluoxetine withdrawal in the brainstem and hypothalamus of overnourished rats: Chronic modulation on oxidative stress levels
Authors: de Santana Jonata Henrique , Rodrigues Thyago de Oliveira , de Lima Flávia Ariane , Martins Silva Deyvison Guilherme , Beltrão de Lemos Maria Daniele Teixeira , de Andrade Silva Severina Cássia , Lagranha Cláudia J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPoor nutritional quality in the early stages of development is associated with neurological diseases in adulthood. Studies showed that obesity‐induced oxidative stress contributes to the genesis of neurological diseases through dysregulation of the brainstem and hypothalamus. Fluoxetine (Fx) is an antidepressant member in the family of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) that can induce positive effects by reducing oxidative damage in brain tissues. We aimed to evaluate the late effect of Fx in the brainstem and hypothalamus of overnourished rats during development. Male Wistar rats, after birth, were randomly divided into the normal‐nourished group (N, n = 9) and the overnourished group (O, n = 3). On the 39th day of life, the groups were subdivided into normofed, and the overnourished group treated or not with fluoxetine (10 mg/kg daily) (NF, NV, OF, and OV). All groups were treated from the 39th to the 59th day of life, and within 90 days, the tissues were collected for oxidative stress analysis. Briefly, our results showed that Fx treatment induced a tissue‐dependent long‐lasting effect in overfed animals, increasing the enzymatic defense (i.e., CAT and GST activity) in the hypothalamus, but more intensive, increasing the non‐enzymatic defense (i.e., Total Thiols and GSH levels) in the brainstem. Overall, our study suggests that serotonin modulation at the final stage of brain development causes a long‐lasting impact on brain structures in overfed rats at a different mode.
Acute leukemias in pregnant women: Results of a retrospective study at a local tertiary‐care hospital in Japan
Authors: Kobayashi Shuhei , Biyajima Kyoko , Matsuzawa Shuji , Sakai Kaoko , Kawakami Fumihiro , Kawakami Toru , Nishina Sayaka , Sakai Hitoshi , Fuseya Chiho , Nakazawa Hideyuki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLeukemia may rarely develop in a woman during pregnancy, posing clinical challenges to the patient, fetus, family, and medical staff managing malignancy and pregnancy. We retrospectively analyzed cases of pregnancy‐associated leukemia consecutively diagnosed and treated at a local tertiary‐care hospital in Nagano, Japan, over the past 20 years. Five cases were identified among 377,000 pregnancies in the area (one in every 75,000 pregnancies), all involving acute leukemia (three acute myelogenous leukemia [AML] and two acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]). The cases were diagnosed in the first trimester (n = 1), second trimester (n = 3), or third trimester (n = 1). There were no apparent pregnancy‐associated delays in diagnosing and treating the cases. Three patients underwent induction chemotherapy during pregnancy, two of whom eventually delivered healthy babies. One of the five patients chose abortion before chemotherapy initiation. Two cases showing high‐risk features at the diagnosis (AML with an FLT3‐ITD mutation [n = 1] and relapsed ALL [n = 1]) eventually died despite consolidative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Our results suggested that patients with pregnancy‐associated acute leukemia can be treated similarly to nonpregnant patients, although pregnancy imposes particular clinical challenges that should be resolved with multidisciplinary care.
Effect of shearing‐induced lipolysis on foaming properties of milk
Authors: Ho Thao M , Bhandari Bhesh R , Bansal Nidhi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe attraction of cappuccino‐style beverages is attributed to the foam layer, as it greatly improves the texture, appearance, and taste of these products. Typical milk has a low concentration of free fatty acids (FFAs), but their concentration can increase due to lipolysis during processing and storage, which is detrimental to the foamability and foam stability of milk. There are contradictory results in reported studies concerning the effects of FFAs on the foaming properties of milk due to differences in milk sources, methods inducing lipolysis, and methods of creating foam. In this study, the foaming properties and foam structure of milk samples whose lipolysis was induced by ultra‐turraxing, homogenisation, and microfluidisation (1.5–3.5 μ‐equiv. mL−1 FFAs) were investigated.ResultsCompared with others, microfluidised milk samples had the smallest particle size, lowest absolute zeta potential, and highest surface tension; thus exhibited high foamability and foam stability, and very small and homogeneous air bubbles in foam structure. For all shearing methods, increasing FFA content from 1.5 to 3.5 μ‐equiv. mL−1 markedly decreased the surface tension, foamability, and foam stability of milk samples. The FFA level that led to undesirable foam structure was 1.5 μ‐equiv. mL−1 for ultra‐turraxed milk samples and 2.5 μ‐equiv. mL−1 for homogenised and microfluidised ones.ConclusionShearing‐induced lipolysis greatly affected the physical properties of milk samples and subsequently their foaming properties and foam structure. At the same FFA level, lipolysis induced by microfluidisation was much less detrimental to the foaming properties of milk than lipolysis induced by ultra‐turraxing and homogenisation. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
A high‐throughput liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of direct oral anticoagulants in human plasma
Authors: Žideková Nela , Pršo Kristián , Brisudová Kristína , Babálová Lucia , Bolek Tomáš , Sivák Štefan , Kurča Egon , Mokrý Juraj , Samoš Matej , Nosáľ Vladimír , Kertys Martin 
Published: April 2023

Direct oral anticoagulants are widely used in many indications to prevent thromboembolic events. Routine therapeutic monitoring is not required; however, there is increasing evidence suggesting the benefit of plasma level measurement in some situations. In addition, laboratory monitoring might help improve patient and drug non‐compliance and thus individualize therapy. In the present study, we developed a sensitive and high throughput ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban in human plasma. A one‐step extraction procedure in 96‐well formate for phospholipid and protein removal was used for sample pre‐treatment, and analytes were separated using gradient elution over 4.2 min. Analytes were detected on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was validated according to the European Medicine Agency guideline for the selectivity, linearity, and lower limit of detection, precision and accuracy, matrix effects, extraction recovery, carryover, dilution integrity, and stability over a concentration range of 3.0–1000 ng/ml for all analytes. The validated method was applied to real clinical samples of patients treated with one of the drugs. Therefore, we can conclude that our method is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring of direct oral anticoagulants.
The Long‐Term Implications of Rhinitis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Young Adults
Authors: Shopen Yoni , Tsur Nir , Soudry Ethan 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe long‐term impact of rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) on general health and medical services utilization in young adults have been limitedly studied.MethodsA case–control study in the Israeli Defense Forces, between the years 2005 and 2019, of all individuals with either rhinitis or CRS and a matched cohort of healthy individuals with a minimum of 5 years of consecutive follow‐up.ResultsThe study groups included 617 patients with rhinitis and 296 patients with CRS and 2739 healthy controls with an average age of 28 years. During a mean follow‐up of 8 years, a significant fraction of patients in both study groups were diagnosed with asthma compared to the control group, (26.1% and 23.3% vs. 3.7%, respectively; CI 95%: 12.1%–14.9%, p < 0.0001). 7.6% of patients with rhinitis developed CRS. Significantly increased loss of productivity and medical system utilization were noted in the study groups compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Moreover, deterioration in general health, manifested as loss of physical fitness for combative service was observed in a third of patients during follow‐up.ConclusionsRhinitis and CRS significantly impact productivity and medical service utilization in young adults, as well as general health associated with development of asthma and impairment of physical fitness. A minority of rhinitis patients develop CRS overtime, further affecting this patient group. These patients should be followed up and managed to improve disease control and associated outcomes.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:3299–3303, 2023
The diagnostic utility of diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging and high‐resolution computed tomography for cholesteatoma: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Xun Mengzhao , Liu Xu , Sha Yongfang , Zhang Xin , Liu Jian Ping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this meta‐analysis was to compare the efficiency of high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in guiding the diagnosis of middle ear cholesteatoma in clinical practice.Materials and methodsCochrane Library, Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for studies that evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of HRCT or DWI in detecting middle ear cholesteatoma. A random‐effects model was used to calculate and summarize the pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios. Postoperative pathological results were considered as the diagnostic gold standard for middle ear cholesteatoma.ResultsFourteen published articles (860 patients) met the inclusion criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of DWI when diagnosing cholesteatoma (regardless of type) were 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80–0.93) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.86–0.97), respectively, while those of HRCT were 0.68 (95% CI, 0.57–0.77) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.60–0.90), respectively. Notably, the sensitivity and specificity levels of DWI were similar to those of HRCT (p = .1178 for sensitivity, p = .2144 for specificity; pair‐sampled t tests). The sensitivity and specificity of DWI or HRCT for the diagnosis of primary cholesteatoma were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.65–0.88) and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.69–0.93), respectively, while that for recurrent cholesteatoma were 0.93 (95% CI, 0.61–0.99) and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.82–0.98), respectively.ConclusionDWI and HRCT have similar levels of high sensitivity and specificity in detecting various cholesteatomas. Also, the diagnostic efficiency of HRCT or DWI for recurrent cholesteatoma is identical to that of primary cholesteatoma. Therefore, HRCT may be used in clinical settings to reduce the use of DWI and save clinical resources.Lay summaryData on the use of diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging and high‐resolution computed tomography in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma were obtained through a literature search. They were analyzed to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cholesteatoma.Level of evidenceNA
Virus‐Like Particle‐Encapsulated Doxorubicin Enters and Kills Murine Tumor Cells Differently from Free Doxorubicin
Authors: Gonçalves Amanda P. , Ramos José Ésio B. , Madureira Karoline H. , Martins Marcelo L. , Santos Anésia A. , de Vries Renko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe use of nanoparticles as chemotherapeutic carriers has been suggested as a way to overcome a range of side effects associated with classical cancer treatment such as poor selectivity and tumor resurgence. Obtaining precise control of the size and shape of therapeutic nanoparticles is crucial to optimize the targeting of tumor sites. In this work, it is shown that a previously developed system of polypeptide encapsulating individual DNA molecules, that forms rod‐shaped nanoparticles of precisely controlled aspect ratio, can be loaded with the DNA‐intercalating chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX). It is characterized the size and shape of the DOX loaded‐Virus‐Like DNA Particles (DOX‐VLDP) and shown that in this system the DOX payload does not leak out. Through in vitro cell studies, it is shown that DOX‐VLDP is internalized by melanoma tumor cells (B16F10 cells) in a delayed and endocytosis‐dependent way culminating in increased cytotoxicity and selectivity to tumor cells in comparison with free DOX. In addition, it is found that DOX‐VLDP trigger apoptosis and autophagy pathways in treated cells. Taken together, the data on the DOX‐VLDP nanoparticles shows that they kill cancer cells differently from free DOX.
The role of chemical microstructures and compositions on the actuation performance of dielectric elastomers: A materials research perspective
Authors: Suresh Jishnu Nirmala , Arief Injamamul , Naskar Kinsuk , Heinrich Gert , Tahir Muhammad , Wießner Sven , Das Amit 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are one of the emerging areas of investigation in smart elastomer research and have attracted considerable interests due to their wide‐ranging applications, for instance in automation and soft robotic components. Commonly utilized dielectric elastomers (DEs) such as nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and its hydrogenated and carboxylated derivatives along with the dielectric fillers (titanium oxide, barium titanate, etc.) were considered to be one of the most established composite systems demonstrating high actuation performance. When subjected to external electrical field, the DEAs derived from the composites were, therefore, capable of reproducing high energy density and large deformation with fast response time. The recent research emphasizes that tunable material properties eventually triggered the improved actuation performance. The exploration of compliant electrodes fabricated by the conventional and state‐of‐the‐art lithographic methods was also crucial to improve actuation performance for the soft robotic applications. This review summarizes the commonly used DEs and dielectric fillers, their performances and challenges, and outlines the research progress (experimental and theoretical) in the field of actuators. Finally, a brief introduction to DEA‐based soft robotics application is also presented.
An institutional review of genomic sequencing in pediatric solid tumors
Authors: Turco George M. , Gupta Ajay , Monteleone Philip , Kelly Kara M. , Klein Roger D. , Wiltsie Laura , Barth Matthew 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough tumor genomic profiling has aided the advancement of targeted genetic therapy, its clinical integration remains a challenge in pediatric cancers due to lower mutation frequency and less available targeted drugs. There have been multiple novel studies examining molecular sequencing in pediatrics; however, many of these studies primarily utilized large‐scale, genome‐wide screening applications that limit applicable use due to the availability of testing. This study examined the institutional use of a targeted, clinically available approach to tumor genomic sequencing.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed on pediatric patients with solid tumors who were managed at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center and underwent molecular testing of their tumor biopsy via OmniSeq from August 2016 to July 2021. Results were reviewed for mutations considered to be “actionable” by targeted therapy. Patients with actionable mutations were further examined to evaluate treatment course, receival of targeted therapy, and clinical outcomes.ResultsWe identified 64 pediatric patients consisting of 20 (31%) with CNS tumors and 44 (69%) with non‐CNS tumors, ranging in age from 9 months to 21 years. Thirty‐five total actionable mutations were identified amongst 27 patients (42%). Of these 27, 12 patients (44%) received at least 1 targeted drug against a respective actionable mutation, of which 6 patients (50%) achieved clinical benefit to therapy, including 1 complete response.ConclusionsThe use of a clinically focused and readily available targeted molecular sequencing panel identified actionable mutations at a comparable rate to the large‐scale, less readily available sequencing panels utilized in other studies. Half of our patients who received targeted therapy achieved a complete response or clinical benefit from therapy. Although targeted therapy has a role in pediatric cancer treatment, many newer drugs require further research on their safety and efficacy.
The influence of fiber addition and different fabrication conditions in manufacturing plasma treated polyethylene/carbon fiber composites
Authors: Keerthiveettil Ramakrishnan Sumesh , Spatenka Petr , Vackova Tatana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe potential advantage of plasma treated polyethylene (PEP) in mechanical properties was studied in this research. Recycled carbon fiber (CF) was the filler used for this hand layup technique. During fabrication, 4–14 wt% CF was incorporated into PEP and the results showed the impact of both filler and plasma treatment in enhancing the mechanical strength of polymer composites. Tensile results improved from 17.51 to 22.51 MPa in the polyethylene (PE) matrix. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed untreated PE composites with fiber and matrix breakages as also voids reducing the compatibility of the PE/CF phases. The maximum flexural property of 25.5 MPa was observed in 10 wt% CF/PE treated with plasma. This combination was tried with different fabrication conditions in a temperature range of 180–220°C and time duration of 20–30 min. It was clearly seen that CF/PE combinations at a temperature of 180°C and time duration of 20 min had maximum tensile and flexural strength. The optimization using Taguchi method proved the significance of CF content in enhancing the mechanical properties. It also observed better tensile strength, flexural strength properties with 10 wt% CF, 180°C temperature, 20 min time from the results. Surface images of this condition showed more dispersed CF in the PE than other combinations due to optimum temperature and time duration during fabrication.
Investigating the mechanical properties and microstructure of the weld joint obtained by laser welding of PA12/CNT nanocomposites
Authors: Samadi Mohammad Reza , Afshari Mahmoud , Nasehi Mohammadhossein , Hardani Hatam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this article, the 3D printed polyamide12/carbon nanotube (PA12/CNT) nanocomposites were joined using laser welding. The factorial design method was applied to study the effect of laser power, welding velocity, and CNT content on the tensile and impact strengths of welded samples. The differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis were also used to measure the thermal stability and weight loss temperature of the nanocomposite. The results indicated that the increase of CNTs enhanced the thermal stability of the nanocomposite and so increased its melting point and crystallinity percentage. The impact and tensile strengths of the weld enhanced when laser power elevated from 40 to 50 W, but elevation of laser power up to 60 W decreased the impact and tensile strengths due to thermal degradation of the nanocomposite. A rise in welding velocity from 10 to 20 mm/s enhanced the tensile strength, while the impact strength initially enhanced and then decreased. The highest tensile strength obtained at 2 wt% CNT, whereas the addition of CNTs up to 4 wt% led to their agglomeration, which resulted in the reduction of impact and tensile strengths. Finally, the optimal conditions for concurrent increase of impact and tensile strengths include the laser power of 51 W, welding velocity of 12.5 mm/s, and CNT content of 2.3 wt%.
Life cycle assessment and mechanical properties of nanocomposites based on cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Ansari Movahed Donya , Jonoobi Mehdi , Ashori Alireza , Mekonnen Tizazu H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present work focuses on the preparation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) reinforced composites based on polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polypropylene (PP). The effects of the CNCs content as reinforcement and the addition of maleic anhydride (MA) as a coupling agent on the mechanical and morphological properties of the composites were studied. In addition, the biodegradability of the composites was investigated. Samples were prepared using PP and PHB as matrixes and CNCs as reinforcement. Test samples were prepared using the injection molding machine. The studied parameters were microscopic analysis and tensile strength measurement. Tensile strength increased with increasing CNC, but it decreased slightly when 5 wt% of CNC was added. Tensile strength decreased with the addition of MA. Environmental impacts from the production of 100 g of PP and PHB were evaluated using the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. The results showed that the environmental impacts of composites containing PHB biopolymer are higher than PP ones.
Adaptive basis sets for practical quantum computing
Authors: Kwon Hyuk‐Yong , Curtin Gregory M. , Morrow Zachary , Kelley C. T. , Jakubikova Elena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElectronic structure calculations on small systems such as H2, H2O, LiH, and BeH2 with chemical accuracy are still a challenge for the current generation of noisy intermediate‐scale quantum (NISQ) devices. One of the reasons is that due to the device limitations, only minimal basis sets are commonly applied in quantum chemical calculations, which allows one to keep the number of qubits employed in the calculations at a minimum. However, the use of minimal basis sets leads to very large errors in the computed molecular energies as well as potential energy surface shapes. One way to increase the accuracy of electronic structure calculations is through the development of small basis sets better suited for quantum computing. In this work, we show that the use of adaptive basis sets, in which exponents and contraction coefficients depend on molecular structure, provides an easy way to dramatically improve the accuracy of quantum chemical calculations without the need to increase the basis set size and thus the number of qubits utilized in quantum circuits. As a proof of principle, we optimize an adaptive minimal basis set for quantum computing calculations on an H2 molecule, in which exponents and contraction coefficients depend on the HH distance, and apply it to the generation of H2 potential energy surface on IBM‐Q quantum devices. The adaptive minimal basis set reaches the accuracy of the double‐zeta basis sets, thus allowing one to perform double‐zeta quality calculations on quantum devices without the need to utilize twice as many qubits in simulations. This approach can be extended to other molecular systems and larger basis sets in a straightforward manner.