bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A minimum assumption approach to MEG sensor array design
Authors: Zhdanov Andrey , Nurminen Jussi , Iivanainen Joonas , Taulu Samu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective. Our objective is to formulate the problem of the magnetoencephalographic (MEG) sensor array design as a well-posed engineering problem of accurately measuring the neuronal magnetic fields. This is in contrast to the traditional approach that formulates the sensor array design problem in terms of neurobiological interpretability the sensor array measurements. Approach. We use the vector spherical harmonics (VSH) formalism to define a figure-of-merit for an MEG sensor array. We start with an observation that, under certain reasonable assumptions, any array of m perfectly noiseless sensors will attain exactly the same performance, regardless of the sensors’ locations and orientations (with the exception of a negligible set of singularly bad sensor configurations). We proceed to the conclusion that under the aforementioned assumptions, the only difference between different array configurations is the effect of (sensor) noise on their performance. We then propose a figure-of-merit that quantifies, with a single number, how much the sensor array in question amplifies the sensor noise. Main results. We derive a formula for intuitively meaningful, yet mathematically rigorous figure-of-merit that summarizes how desirable a particular sensor array design is. We demonstrate that this figure-of-merit is well-behaved enough to be used as a cost function for a general-purpose nonlinear optimization methods such as simulated annealing. We also show that sensor array configurations obtained by such optimizations exhibit properties that are typically expected of ‘high-quality’ MEG sensor arrays, e.g. high channel information capacity. Significance. Our work paves the way toward designing better MEG sensor arrays by isolating the engineering problem of measuring the neuromagnetic fields out of the bigger problem of studying brain function through neuromagnetic measurements.
Electrical and optical characteristics of radio-frequency atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge using anodic alumina barriers
Authors: Ashraf H , Qazi H I A , Khan M A , Hussain S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It is widely accepted that dielectrically insulated electrodes can control plasma contraction in radio frequency atmospheric pressure glow discharge at very large currents. It is also known that thin dielectric barriers maximize the permissible discharge current, thus boosting the reactive plasma species and enhancing the application efficacy. An experimental investigation of radio-frequency atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (rf APDBD) using a thin layer of a novel dielectric, anodic alumina grown by a wet electrochemical process to insulate electrodes is presented in this paper to demonstrate that rf APDBD with anodic alumina barriers remains stable and retains volume without contraction over a wide current range in the γ-mode. The electrical characterization of the rf APDBD is performed using an equivalent electric circuit model based on the measured electrical parameters. In normal glow discharge, the measured impedance data closely matched the simulated data. Optical emission spectroscopy demonstrated that a higher discharge current facilitated active plasma chemistry. The estimated excitation, vibrational, and gas temperatures indicate that rf APDBD with anodized electrodes is well suited for surface treatment and decontamination applications in open air.
Investigation of structure, thermal and dielectric study of Dy0.05Ba0.7Sr0.25TiO3/polystyrene nanocomposites
Authors: Abomostafa H M , Mansour Diaa-Eldin A , Mahani R M , Nasralla N H S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the present study, Dy0.05Ba0.7Sr0.25TiO3 (Dy-BST) nanoparticles were prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction technique. Different volume fractions of Dy-BST (0, 5, 10, 15 & 20) were immersed in the polystyrene (PS) matrix, forming PS/Dy-BST nanocomposites, then their crystal structure, morphology, topography, thermal properties, electrical properties, breakdown voltage, and energy storage were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) validates the cubic phase of Dy-BST nanoparticles incorporated in PS/Dy-BST nanocomposites. The size of Dy-BST nanoparticles was in the range (8–18 nm) using HRTEM. Incorporating Dy-BST NPs into the polymer matrix improved the thermal stability and limited the thermal degradation of the nanocomposite. The loading of Dy-BST in PS has a positive effect on dielectric properties and breakdown strength. The permittivity (ε′) enhanced from 2 to 10 at a constant frequency of 105 Hz while a relatively high loss (tanδ) decreased from 0.0015 to 0.0011 with the increase of Dy-BST content in the PS matrix. Finally, dielectric strengths of PS/Dy-BST nanocomposites were evaluated using high voltage testing; then their corresponding energy densities were obtained. The energy density increased to 133% at a 10 vol.% loading of Dy-BST compared to pure polystyrene.
Opto-electronic properties of copper-zinc-sulfide thin films grown via metalorganic-chemical vapor deposition technique at different flow rates
Authors: Efe F O , Olofinjana B , Fasakin O , Adebisi C A , Eleruja M A , Fabunmi T G 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this work, copper zinc sulfide (CZS) ternary thin films were prepared from the pyrolysis of a Bis-(morpholinodithiato-s,s’)-Cu-Zn precursor using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique maintained at 450 °C in ambient nitrogen as the carrier gas. The deposition flow rate was varied to study its effect on the optoelectronic properties of CZS films. The particle-induced x-ray emission technique (PIXE) of the prepared single solid source precursor shows the presence of copper, zinc, and sulfur. The Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer of the precursor reveals the metal-metal bond attachment to the ligand at a very low wavenumber. The XRD spectra reveal the formation of the hexagonal closed-packed structure of CZS films with a preferred orientation along the [111] direction. The film crystallite size is found to increase from 10.4 to 12.2 nm as the flow rate increases, while the dislocation density and stress decrease as the deposition flow rate increases. The SEM analysis revealed an improvement in the growth rate of the grains as the flow rate increased. The transmittance of the deposited CZS films was found to increase from 58% to 84.2% in the infrared region with an increase in band gap from 3.08–3.64 eV as the flow rate increased. The deposited film shows ohmic properties and an increase in conductivity from 0.243 to 0.847 (

Ω

cm
)

−
1

,

while the resistivity decreases as the flow rate increases. These observations provide room for the deposited CZS film to serve as a potential material for optoelectronics and window layer solar cell devices.
Properties of the Airy beam by means of the quantum potential approach
Authors: Silva-Ortigoza Gilberto , Ortiz-Flores Jessica 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
By using the quantum potential approach, we show that: the Airy beam determines a Hamiltonian system with one degree of freedom for a particle of mass m = 1 evolving under the influence of a quantum potential, such that its associated quantum force is constant, the integral curves of the Poynting vector are parabolic ones and turn out to be a subset of solutions of the corresponding Hamilton equations, the geometrical light rays associated with the Airy beam, are given by the tangent lines to the zeroes of the quantum potential, and the caustic coincides with the zeros of the quantum potential. Furthermore, we present a derivation of the Airy beam from the quantum potential equations by assuming that the quantum force is constant.
Optical and thermal characterization of pure CuO and Zn/CuO using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy techniques
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ilyas , Fayyaz Amir , Mushtaq Saadia , Asghar Haroon , Alrebdi Tahani A , Cabrera Humberto , Ali Raheel , Akbar Jehan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present elemental analysis and thermal characterization of pure and two different concentrations of zinc-doped copper oxide (CuO) samples using different analytical techniques. The quantitative as well as qualitative investigations, were performed by incorporating calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) technique. The plasma was generated on the samples surface by focusing a first harmonic of Nd: YAG laser of 1064 nm wavelength and the time-integrated emission spectra was achieved through a set of five spectrometers equipped with a charge-coupled-device. The acquired optical emission spectra from laser-generated plasma show different concentrations of zinc and copper in different samples which are consistent with their percentage composition measured during the sample synthesis. Using LIBS emission analytical lines, the Boltzmann technique was utilized for estimating the excitation temperature, while the number density was evaluated using the well-known Stark broadening line profile method. Besides, the CF-LIBS elemental analysis was validated by the x-ray fluorescence technique. For the optical study, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopical analysis was performed to find the bandgap of pure and zinc-doped copper oxide samples and consequently, variation in bandgap was studied with the growth of zinc doping. In addition, the thermal properties of the samples were analyzed using the beam deflection spectroscopy technique. The results shows that thermal diffusivity (

D

) and thermal conductivity (

κ

), increased with an increase in zinc concentration.
Force and deformation analysis on the fully recovered support system of pressure anchor cable and steel module
Authors: Xu Jian , Ma Xiaoyun , Yu Zenghui , Ding Jihui , Yin Shubin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to overcome the technical defects of traditional foundation pit support technology, such as complex technology, serious pollution, waste of resources, and obstruction of the construction of surrounding underground structures, the fully recovered deep pit support system of pressure dispersion anchor cable and steel module is designed. The force of the compression anchor and the deformation of the modular is tested on-site. The test results show that: (1) The whole process of excavation to support slope roof immersion and stacking is safe, which verifies the correctness of the support design of pressure dispersion anchor cable and modular; (2) The soil restraint effect at the action of the recoverable pressure anchor cable is obvious, and the prestress loss is between 11.7% and 15% under continuous monitoring; according to the axial force of the anchor cable, the earth pressure acting on the module is calculated, and the results are consistent with the calculation results of the Terzaghi-Peck earth pressure mode; (3) According to the strain test acting on the module, the corresponding stress is calculated, and its stress value is consistent with the stress value of the plate fixed in the four corners under the action of earth pressure.
A simplified finite element method for failure analysis in adhesive-bonded nozzle diffuser of solid rocket motors
Authors: Fang Changqing , Lou Yongchun , Ma Xinjian , Zhu Rui , Tang Piaoping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The adhesive bond between the nozzle diffuser shell and the insulation layer of solid rocket motors (SRM) is widely used due to its lightweight, simple design, and easy operation. The mechanism of adhesive-bonded failure between them is a concern for designers. In this paper, a simplified finite element method for failure analysis in the adhesive-bonded nozzle diffuser of SRM is proposed. In the method, the diffuser shell, insulation layer, and adhesive between them are considered elastic. The maximum Von Mises stress failure criterion is assumed to be suitable for the adhesive. The adhesive-bonded failure is simulated by using the user subroutine VUSDFLD in the commercial Finite Element Analysis software ABAQUS. The method is verified to be simple but effective based on the comparison with experimental results. The adhesive-bonded failure process under external load can be well simulated, and the critical external load of adhesive-bonded failure can be accurately predicted. In addition, the method is utilized to study the failure of the nozzle diffuser with several kinds of original debonding. It is suggested that the original axial debonding ratio should be less than 60%, and the circumferential debonding angle should be smaller than 30° in the conical section of the nozzle diffuser.
High-temperature mechanical responses of the polyimide at a high strain rate
Authors: He He , Yin Jianping , Song Lifeng , Deng Qiong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Polyimide is one of the best super engineering materials in the world at present, and it is required to have high bearing capacity at specific temperature and strain rate because of the application environment. Therefore, the compressive mechanical properties of polyimide at different strain rates (10−3 s−1–4000 s−1) and temperatures (20 °C–350 °C) were researched. The experimental results show the sensitivity to temperatures and strain rates. However, the strain hardening rates decrease with the increase in temperature, and even the flow stress under dynamic compression is lower than that under quasi-static compression at large strain. In addition, it is found that the cracks show different characteristics under 4000 s−1 at different loading temperatures, which are tiny cracks at room temperature and deep and wide cracks due to the coupling of strain rate and thermal at 350 °C.
Baryon-rich QCD matter
Authors: Wambach Jochen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Properties of high-density strong-interaction matter of relevance for astrophysical scenarios that involve neutron stars are discussed. It is argued that theoretical and experimental insights from the small baryo-chemical potential (µB
) and high-temperature regions of the QCD phase diagram can guide realistic model building at high density, as this regime is currently not accessible to first-principles numerical calculations of the QCD partition function. Special attention is payed to the chiral properties of high-density matter and the nature of a possible first-order chiral phase transition. In this transition hadronic parity-partners, in particular baryons, become spectrally degenerate with finite (pole) masses, as expected from general insight into the mass generation in QCD. Possible signals in heavy-ion dielectron production at beam energies of a few GeV are discussed. Based on evidence for an emergent ”chiral spin symmetry” above the pseudo-critical chiral transition temperature at small µB
, speculations on the physical state of dense hadronic matter beyond the chiral phase transition are presented.
Photon propagation in magnetized dense quark matter. A possible solution for the missing pulsar problem.
Authors: Ferrer Efrain J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper it is reviewed the topological properties and possible astrophysical consequences of a spatially inhomogeneous phase of quark matter, known as the Magnetic Dual Chiral Density Wave (MDCDW) phase, that can exist at intermediate baryon density in the presence of a magnetic field. Going beyond mean-field approximation, it is shown how linearly polarized electromagnetic waves penetrating the MDCDW medium can mix with the phonon fluctuations to give rise to two hybridized modes of propagation called as axion polaritons because of their similarity with certain modes found in condensed matter for topological magnetic insulators. The formation of axion polaritons in the MDCDW core of a neutron star can serve as a mechanism for the collapse of a neutron star under the bombardment of the gamma rays produced during gamma ray bursts. This mechanism can provide a possible solution to the missing pulsar problem in the galactic center.
Stellar stability in the presence of reacting interfaces: consequences for hybrid stars
Authors: Lugones Germán 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
If the surface tension of dense matter is high enough, a hybrid star composed of a quark matter core and a hadronic mantle may display a sharp interface. Perturbations of such a star may lead to conversion reactions occurring in the vicinity of the quark-hadron splitting surface. If the conversion timescale is much larger than the perturbation one (slow reactions), changes of stellar stability do occur at critical points of the M(R) curve. As a consequence, a new class of dynamically stable hybrid stars is possible. Densities tens of times larger than the nuclear saturation density could be attained at the center of these hypothetic objects. We examine possible formation mechanisms for this new class of hybrid configurations and explore potential observational signatures that could serve as evidence for their existence.
Design of an epithermal neutron velocity selection system for the Penn State Breazeale Reactor
Authors: Grenci N. , Cortes D. , Flaska M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A series of mechanical neutron choppers to operate as a
velocity selection system have been developed for the Pennsylvania
State Breazeal Reactor (PSBR). This chopper system will provide
pulsed epithermal neutrons in the energy range of 0.5–40 eV with
2% or better energy resolution, and with a transmission of
1E-6 or better. Four different chopper geometries
have been evaluated for their utility as mechanical neutron
choppers. Specifically, Fermi, ring, piston, and disc choppers have
been evaluated to assess their potential neutronics performance and
mechanical constructability. A series of high-speed disc choppers
were selected for the final design, and optimization work was
performed to maximize the neutron pulse intensity. It is estimated
that the optimized system will produce an epithermal neutron
intensity of approximately 96 n/s. This system can also be operated
in a time of flight (TOF) configuration such that the neutrons
arriving at the source have a white spectrum. This operation can be
accomplished by leaving the second stage of choppers in the open
position, or by removing it from the beam completely. Such unique
source of epithermal neutrons produced by this chopper system will
have applications in both prompt and delayed epithermal neutron
activation analysis (ENAA), as well as in neutron resonance
transmission analysis (NRTA).
Efforts to enhance quality cocoa production in North Luwu Regency
Authors: Safaruddin  , Arsyad Muhammad , Salman Darmawan , Iswoyo Hari 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aims to analyze government policies in an effort to enhance quality cocoa production as a source of income in North Luwu Regency. The data used in this research is secondary data and analyzed using a system dynamics approach. The results of the analysis show that the North Luwu Regency government’s policy on cocoa development is quite large which is implemented through several steps: 1) making cocoa a top priority in agricultural development programs, 2) Budgeting policies that favor cocoa farmers both in providing seeds, production facilities and developing infrastructure to access production pockets, 3) building cocoa entress gardens in Batu Alang Village and Marobo Village, 4) building cocoa mother gardens as a source of rootstock seeds in Bakka Village, 5) establishing partnerships with empowerment organizations cocoa in empowering farmer groups, 6) rejuvenating cocoa plants since 2017 until now, 7) supporting the Rural Empowerment and Agricultural Development Scalling Up Initiative (READ-SI) program in empowering farmers starting in 2019-2025, 8) supporting a sustainable agricultural system program in the Asian Tropical Landscape (SFITAL) as well as sector transformation cocoa in Indonesia through adding value to smallholder farmers (TRAKSI) 2020-2025.
Utilization of methyl eugenol bait traps on fruit flies (Bactrocera spp) (Diptera: Tephritidae) caught at dusung of fruits in Ambon Island
Authors: Sahetapy B , Leatemia JA , Masauna ED , Goo N , Lumbantoruan T J K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fruit fly (Bactrocera sp) is one of the most harmful pests in fruit cultivation. This pest is detrimental because it directly attacks agricultural products, namely fruit produced by plants. Methyl eugenol is an insect-attractant compound, especially for male fruit flies. This study was carried out from May to October 2022 to determine the number of fruit flies caught using methyl eugenol bait traps at dusung of fruits in four villages namely Allang, Suli, Hutumuri, and Soya in Ambon Island. In each village, 1 dusung was chosen and 5 observation plots measuring 10 m × 20 m each were put diagonally. A bait trap using methyl eugenol on cotton was placed in a 600 ml mineral water bottle. Two bait traps were placed in each observation plot. Totally, there were 825 individuals of fruit flies belonging to three species, namely Bactrocera carambolae B. dorsalis and B. umbrosa caught during the study. The highest number of individuals was caught in Suli village, while the lowest was caught in Soya village. Based on species of fruit flies, B. carambolae had the highest number of individuals, followed by B. dorsalis and then B. umbrosa.
Application of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant, organic and NPK fertilizers on the growth and yields of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Prabawardani S , Djuuna I A F , Kambu L , Mawikere N L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) inoculant, NPK fertilizer, and organic fertilizers (chicken manure) on maize growth and yield. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), with 8 fertilizer treatments, namely (1) control or without any fertilizer, (2) inoculation of AMF, (3) NPK fertilizer, (4) chicken manure (CM), (5) FMA + NPK, (6) FMA + CM, (7) NPK + CM and (8) FMA + NPK + CM. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The results indicated that the fertilization treatment showed a significant and very significant effect for all variables, namely plant height, leaf number, fresh leaf weight, plant fresh weight per plant and per plot, ear diameter with and without husks, cob number per plot, ear weight per plant and per plot and ear weight without husk per plant and per plot, and ears number per plant. The application of AMF + NPK + CM and NPK + CM fertilizers produced the highest maize growth and yields, while each of the AMF and control treatments produced the lowest growth and yield components.
Coastline change at Manokwari coastal, West Papua Indonesia during two decades (1999-2020)
Authors: Purba G Y S , Eramuri Y I , Loinenak F A , Matulessi M , Manumpil A W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since the city of Manokwari was made the capital of West Papua Province, the population and intensity of development in the coastal area have rapidly increased. Seeing this condition, research on shoreline changes in this area needs to be done. This study aimed to determine oceanography dynamics and identify shoreline changes and its rate in 1999, 2014, and 2020 in the Manokwari Coastal. The method used in this research is by utilizing satellite image data from Landsat 7 ETM, Landsat 8 OLI images, and AVISO. This study indicates a significant change in the coastline, both abrasion, and accretion. The range of abrasion from 1999 to 2014 was 56.55 m with a rate of 3.77 m/year, and from 2014 to 2020, the abrasion was 22.98 with a rate of 3.21 m/year. The accretion ranges from 1999 to 2014 was 10.20 m with a rate of 0.68 m/year, and from 2014 to 2020, the accretion was 22.98 m with a rate of 3.83 m/year. Total coastline overlapping from 1999 to 2020 changes in this area show abrasion of 75.81 m with a rate of 3.61 m/year and accretion of 33.18 m with a rate of 1.58 m/year.