bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A one‐point second‐order Dirichlet boundary condition for the thermal lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Chen Yong , Zhu Hanhua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA one‐point second‐order Dirichlet boundary condition for convection‐diffusion equation based on the lattice Boltzmann method has been proposed. The unknown temperature distribution is interpolated from the distributions at the wall node and fluid node nearest to the wall in the direction of the lattice velocity. At the wall node, the unknown temperature distribution is expressed as a summation of equilibrium and nonequilibrium distributions. The equilibrium distribution is obtained using the wall temperature, while the nonequilibrium distribution is approximated from the nearest fluid node in the direction of the lattice velocity. Both asymptotic analysis and numerical simulations of heat conduction indicate that the Dirichlet boundary condition is second‐order accurate. Further comparisons demonstrate that the newly proposed boundary method is sufficiently accurate to simulate natural convection, convective and unsteady heat transfer involving straight and curved boundaries.
Longitudinal relationship between prosocial behavior and meaning in life of junior high school students: A three‐wave cross‐lagged study
Authors: Xie Jinyan , Wen Zhonglin , Shen Jiaqi , Tan Yitian , Liu Xiqin , Yang Yuhong , Zheng Xiaohong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionDespite much cross‐sectional research linking prosocial behavior and meaning in life, few studies have investigated the longitudinal relationship between these two constructs. The article examines the bidirectional longitudinal association between prosocial behavior and meaning in life among junior high school students.MethodsA prospective design was adopted, incorporating three measurement occasions (with approximately 6‐month intervals, from 2020 to 2021). Data were collected from 764 students (mean age = 12.46, SD = 0.64 years, and 51.4% girls). All participants responded to a questionnaire survey that included the Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ‐C) and Prosocial Tendencies Measure (PTM‐C). Cross‐lagged panel models were used to analyze the data.Results(1) Prosocial behavior predicted positively the presence of meaning over time and vice‐versa. (2) There was no bidirectional association between the search for meaning and prosocial behavior. (3) There was no gender difference in the bidirectional relationship between meaning in life and prosocial behavior.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that educators should highlight the presence of meaning in adolescent life education from a long‐term perspective and encourage students to engage in more prosocial activities.
Use of either transcranial or whole‐body photobiomodulation treatments improves COVID‐19 brain fog
Authors: Bowen Robert , Arany Praveen R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is increasing recognition of post‐COVID‐19 sequelae involving chronic fatigue and brain fog, for which photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been utilized. This open‐label, pilot, human clinical study examined the efficacy of two PBM devices, for example, a helmet (1070 nm) for transcranial (tPBM) and a light bed (660 and 850 nm) for whole body (wbPBM), over a 4‐week period, with 12 treatments for two separate groups (n = 7 per group). Subjects were evaluated with a neuropsychological test battery, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the digit symbol substitution test (DSST), the trail‐making tests A and B, the physical reaction time (PRT), and a quantitative electroencephalography system (WAVi), both pre‐ and post‐ the treatment series. Each device for PBM delivery was associated with significant improvements in cognitive tests (p < 0.05 and beyond). Changes in WAVi supported the findings. This study outlines the benefits of utilizing PBM therapy (transcranial or whole‐body) to help treat long‐COVID brain fog.
A simple and effective vascular network labeling method for transparent tissues of mice
Authors: Bai Lin , Wu Yaping , Dai Wenshu , Zhang Jie , Zheng Lily , Cheng Jingqiu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVascular network labeling in transparent tissues provides more complete information on blood vessels. To achieve a fast and efficient method for vascular network labeling in transparent tissues, we compared various vascular labeling methods under different tissue clearing protocols. FITC‐Dextran labeling and CUBIC cleaning treatment were found to be the best options for vascular network labeling in cleared mouse tissues. Satisfactory labeling of vascular networks in various organs can be achieved by selecting FITC‐Dextran with different molecular weights and different administration methods.
Targeting FOS attenuates malignant phenotypes of breast cancer: Evidence from in silico and in vitro studies
Authors: Chang Defeng , Li Lanlan , Xu Zhongqing , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractData retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases can reveal important information behind molecular biomarkers and their associated oncogenesis. Therefore, this study was based on in silico predictions and in vitro experiments to explore regulatory network associated with breast carcinogenesis. The breast cancer (BC)‐related data sets were retrieved from GEO database, followed by differential analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Then, Fos proto‐oncogene, AP‐1 transcription factor subunit (FOS)‐associated gene network was constructed, and the key gene‐related genes in BC were screened by LinkedOmics. Finally, FOS expression was determined in BC tissues and cells, and gain‐of‐function assays were performed to define the role of FOS in BC cells. It was noted that seven differentially expressed genes (EGR1, RASSF9, FOSB, CDC20, KLF4, PTGS2, and FOS) were obtained from BC microarray data sets. FOS was the gene with the most nodes in PPI analysis. Poor FOS mRNA expression was identified in BC patients. Furthermore, FOS was mainly located in the extracellular matrix and was involved in cell processes. FOS was downregulated in BC tissues and cells, and FOS overexpression restrained the malignant phenotypes of BC cells. Collectively, ectopic expression of FOS curtails the development of BC.
Twisted intramolecular charge‐transfer state of trans‐3‐(N,N‐Dimethylamino)‐4'‐cyanostilbene: The C−C bond twisting
Authors: Hsu Ying‐Feng , Yang Jye‐Shane 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhether a twisted intramolecular charge‐transfer (TICT) state is formed is an important issue for understanding the fluorescence properties of a push‐pull organic dye. Here we report a position effect of the donor substituent on the TICT state formation of aminostilbenes: namely, trans‐3‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)‐4′‐cyanostilbene (mDCS) behaves differently from its TICT‐free para isomer DCS and forms a TICT state in acetonitrile (MeCN). The TICT state of mDCS also differs from that of many previously reported aminostilbenes by twisting a C−C bond instead of a C−N bond. In addition, among the ring‐bridged model compounds mDCS‐N, mDCS‐C1, and mDCS‐C2, we observed an unusual electronic effect of the ring‐bridging in mDCS‐C2 that mitigates the impact of the TICT state on the fluorescence properties. Both the C−C bond twisting in mDCS and the ring‐bridging electronic effect in mDCS‐C2 provide new insights into the TICT chemistry of aminostilbenes.
A Comparative Study on Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Wu Hui , Jia Shaobin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). A total of 3528 consecutive patients with ACS treated with PPCI were divided into the ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups based on their dual antiplatelet therapy regimen at hospital discharge. Patient follow‐up visits were completed 1, 6, and 12 months after PPCI treatment. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleeding events were assessed in both groups. In total, 2501 cases were included in the ticagrelor group, and 817 cases were included in the clopidogrel group. The incidence of MACEs was lower in the ticagrelor group than in the clopidogrel group (P < .05). The ticagrelor group had lower incidence of all‐cause death and cardiac death compared with the clopidogrel group, and the difference was significant (P < .05). The incidences of study end points, including recurrent myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization, were not significantly different between the groups (P > .05). The incidences of BARC total and major bleeding events were not significantly different between the groups (P > .05). However, the incidences of BARC type 1 and 2 bleeding events were lower in the ticagrelor group than in the clopidogrel group (P < .05). The multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that ticagrelor could decrease all‐cause death compared with clopidogrel (P = .021). In patients with ACS treated with PPCI, ticagrelor could significantly reduce the risk of MACEs compared with clopidogrel, without increasing the risk of bleeding.
Does multifaceted livelihood intervention improve well‐being: Reflections on a case study from North‐eastern India
Authors: Kumar Shubham , Sengupta Keya , Gogoi Bidyut Jyoti 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the impact of North‐eastern Region Community Resource Management Project for Upland Areas (NERCORMP) and draws inferences on mechanism of change, context of an intervention and implementation design. Utilising data from three waves of surveys, we find that while there is evidence of significant changes in financial inclusion, productivity and social security, there are some issues in replication and sustenance aspects. Since the impact of intervention is observed across various domains such as socio‐economic situation and natural resource management, thus, we believe that this paper presents an important case study in understanding the intervention efficacy, relevance and sustenance.
Driving professional development and growth through research: a commentary
Authors: Mdletshe Sibusiso 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearch remains one of the essential elements that drive the growth of a profession since it contributes to the development of knowledge. Research also creates value for public service and leads to better health outcomes. Research output from the Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences (MIRS) profession is currently lacking in New Zealand while the output from Australia can also be improved. For research to be improved, there needs to be intentionality. This commentary presents proposed considerations that could contribute toward increasing research impact and research output in the MIRS profession in Australia and New Zealand.
Off‐setting climate change through formation flying of aircraft, a feasibility study reliant on high fidelity gas‐phase chemical kinetic data
Authors: Khan Anwar H. , Tait Kieran , Derwent Richard G. , Roome Steve , Bacak Asan , Bullock Steve , Lowenberg Mark H. , Shallcross Dudley E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractApplication of formation flights to civil aviation is gaining interest, primarily due to the fuel burn reduction achieved by flying through another aircraft's wake. However, it is emerging that there are additional, less‐recognized climate benefits via reduction in ozone and contrail warming through this concept. The NOx threshold level is defined as when the loss rate for OH by reaction with NO2 is equal to the loss rates for OH with CO and CH4, beyond which level, ozone formation will decrease. In this study, The NOx threshold level was calculated at different altitudes and found that at cruise altitude (∼10 km), the amount of NO2 required for parity in OH loss with loss due to reaction with CO and CH4 is around 2 ppb. The spatial and temporal NOx threshold levels were estimated by STOCHEM‐Common Representative Intermediate (CRI) global chemical transport model and In‐service Aircraft for Global Observing System (IAGOS) measurement data and found that northern midlatitudes of the atmosphere are the most favorable region existing with the smallest NOx thresholds (0.5 ppb) needed before reduction in ozone formation is likely to occur at cruise altitude of aircraft. Incorporating the major air traffic corridors into the coarse spatial resolution of the chemical transport model overestimated the NOx compensation point, that is, increased photochemical ozone production. Thus, a simple one‐dimensional (1D) aircraft plume dispersion model was developed with higher spatial and temporal resolution for considering aircraft plumes and its chemistry more accurately. The model run shows that the impact of formation flying aircraft emissions on spatially averaged ozone could be halved if the aircraft could maintain separations inside 4 km relative to well separated flights of 10 km or more.
Cognitive Function and Postoperative Outcomes in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Larrabee Katherine , Meeks Nicole , Williams Amy M , Springer Kylie , Siddiqui Farzan , Chang Steven S. , Ghanem Tamer , Wu Vivian F , Momin Suhael , Tam Samantha 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveDetermine the relationship between cognitive function and postoperative outcomes.MethodsThis IRB‐approved retrospective cohort study included all patients treated between August 2015 and March 2020 undergoing major surgery for aerodigestive cancer or cutaneous/thyroid cancer that required free‐flap reconstruction at Henry Ford Hospital. Routine administration of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was completed as part of preoperative psychosocial evaluation. Outcomes included postoperative diagnosis of delirium, discharge disposition, return to the emergency department within 30 days of surgery, and readmission within 30 days of surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the associations between preoperative MoCA score and each outcome measure.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐five patients with HNC were included in the study (mean [SD] age, 60.7 [±10.8] years; 70.4% [n = 95] male; 83.0% [n = 112] White, 16.3% [n = 22] Black). The average preoperative MoCA score was 23.4 (SD ± 4.5). Based on the MoCA score, 35% (n = 47) scored ≥26 (i.e., normal cognitive status), 55.6% (n = 75) scored between 18 and 25 (i.e., mild impairment), 8.1% (n = 11) scored between 10 and 17 (i.e., moderate impairment), and 1.5% (n = 2) scored <10 (i.e., severe impairment). After adjusting for other variables, a lower MoCA score was associated with discharge disposition to a location other than home and prolonged length of hospital stay.ConclusionsPreoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing major head and neck surgery for head and neck cancer was associated with discharge destination and length of stay.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:2999–3005, 2023
Recent progress in orodispersible films‐mediated therapeutic applications: A review
Authors: Tian Yu , Lin Jiangtao , Jing Hongshu , Wang Quan , Wu Zhihua , Duan Yourong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOrodispersible films (ODFs) as a relatively novel delivery platform have increasingly attracted enormous attention owing to their various advantages compared to conventional oral dosage forms, including fast disintegration, ease of administration without consumption of water, and rapid absorption of incorporated drug, high patient compliance for pediatrics, geriatrics and patients with swallowing difficulties. This review aims to summarize the developments and possibilities that ODFs as the potential carrier for chemical drugs, vaccine, probiotics, and herbal extracts. Especially, with the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), the advantages of ODFs related to ease of transporation and distribution without cold‐chain as well as low‐cost manufacturing make ODFs a promising carrier for vaccines against COVID‐19. Subsequently, the current therapeutic applications of ODFs delivered either locally or systemically for potential patients suffering from various diseases are discussed, including oral inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, pain disorders, nausea and vomiting, mood or mental disorders, erectile dysfunction and pulmonary diseases. Finally, this review provides overview of the novel inkjet printing and three‐dimensional printing techniques, and the possibility of extemporaneous preparation for ODFs in hospital pharmacies via printing techniques are discussed as well.
Online and onsite supervised exercise therapy and education for individuals with knee osteoarthritis – A before and after comparison of two different care delivery models
Authors: Holm Pætur M. , Roos Ewa M. , Grønne Dorte T. , Skou Søren T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the 3 and 12‐month changes on pain, function and quality of life between online and onsite delivery of Good Life with Osteoarthritis in Denmark (GLA:D®) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).DesignNon‐inferior comparison of individuals with knee OA receiving physiotherapist‐supervised online (TeleGLA:D) or onsite (GLA:D®) (12 exercise and 2 education sessions). The primary outcome was the baseline‐to‐3‐month change on KOOS‐12 summary score. Secondary outcomes were changes in KOOS‐12 subscales pain, function and quality of life and pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale (VAS 0‐100)) at 3 and 12 months; 40 m fast‐paced walk and 30 s chair‐stand at 3 months. Using mixed linear regressions, comparisons were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, comorbidities and number of knees and hips with OA.ResultsOver a 1‐year period (May 2020–May 2021), we included data from 3789 participants (3701 GLA:D®; 88 TeleGLA:D). At 3 months, TeleGLA:D showed non‐inferior change‐scores to GLA:D® on KOOS‐12 summary score; adjusted mean difference (90% Confidence Intervals (CI)) −2.40 (−5.55 to 0.75). For secondary outcomes, there was a statistically significant difference in change‐scores, favouring TeleGLA:D in gait speed; adjusted mean difference (90%CI) 0.23 m/s (0.18–0.27). TeleGLA:D remained non‐inferior to GLA:D® at 12 months.ConclusionsOnline delivery of physiotherapist‐supervised neuromuscular exercise and education for individuals with knee OA may be non‐inferior to traditional onsite delivery in reducing pain and improving function and quality of life. The wide confidence intervals, baseline imbalance, loss to follow‐up and the non‐randomized design highlight the need for a confirmatory randomized controlled trial.
A case of bunashimeji mushroom‐induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis diagnosed by inhalational provocation test in a hospital room
Authors: Akagami Tomoe , Nakagome Kazuyuki , Takagi Sotaro , Yamazaki Susumu , Minezaki Shohei , Nakamura Hidetoshi , Tsushima Kenji , Nagata Makoto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA 66‐year‐old woman was admitted to our hospital with a 2‐month history of dry cough and exertional dyspnea. She had worked as a mushroom farmer and had been exposed to mushroom for more than 40 years. The patient showed elevated levels of KL‐6 (2966 U/mL) and surfactant protein D (410 ng/mL), and computed tomography of the chest revealed ground‐glass opacities and fine nodular shadows in both lungs, suggesting mushroom‐induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Pulmonary function testing revealed decreases in forced vital capacity (78% of predicted) and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (67% of predicted). The inhalational provocation test was positive for bunashimeji mushrooms. Precipitating antibody was only identified for spores or bodies of bunashimeji mushrooms, and lymphocyte stimulation testing with spores or bodies of bunashimeji mushrooms also yielded positive results. Bunashimeji mushroom‐induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis was therefore diagnosed. Radiological findings and pulmonary function were improved by corticosteroid therapy and the patient has since remained healthy with allergen avoidance.
The Emergence and Properties of Selectively Fluorinated ‘Janus’ Cyclohexanes
Authors: O'Hagan David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis account describes the evolution of a research programme that started by linking fluoromethylene (−CHF−) groups along aliphatic chains and then progressing to alicyclic rings with contiguous fluorine atoms. Different stereoisomers of aliphatic chains tend to adopt low polarity conformations. In order to force polar conformations, the programme began to address ring systems and in particular cyclohexanes, to restrain conformational freedom and co‐aligned C−F bonds. The flagship molecule, all‐cis‐1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexafluorocyclohexane 7, emerged to be the most polar aliphatic compound recorded. The polarity arises because there are three co‐aligned triaxial C−F bonds and the six fluorines occupy one face of the ring. Conversely the electropositive hydrogens occupy the other face. These have been termed Janus face cyclohexanes after the Roman god with two faces. The review outlines progress by our group and others in preparing derivatives of the parent cyclohexane 7, in order to explore properties and potential applications of these Janus cyclohexanes.
Reactions Using Freons and Halothane as Halofluoroalkyl/Halofluoroalkenyl Building Blocks
Authors: Karuo Yukiko , Tarui Atushi , Sato Kazuyuki , Kawai Kentaro , Omote Masaaki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, hydrofluorocarbon compounds such as chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and 2‐bromo‐2‐chloro‐1,1,1‐trifluoroethane (halothane) have been used as fluorine‐containing building blocks to construct functional fluorine‐containing compounds, e. g., polymers, liquid crystals, and medicines. Hydrofluorocarbons promote the formation of reactive fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkenyl species via anionic or radical processes, and these species can act as nucleophiles or electrophiles depending on the reaction conditions. Progress in fluorine chemistry using hydrofluorocarbons in the last 30 years is described in this review and diverse reactions are discussed, including the fluoroalkyl/alkenyl products and proposed mechanisms involved.
Visible‐Light Promoted Radical Fluoroalkylation of O‐ and N‐Substituted Alkenes
Authors: Levin Vitalij V. , Dilman Alexander D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInteraction of enol ethers enol acetates, enamides and enamines with fluorinated reagents may be considered as a reliable method for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. While classic nucleophile/electrophile substitution or addition mechanisms cannot be realized for coupling of these components, their intrinsic reactivities are revealed with the aid of photoredox catalysis. A combination of these electron donating and accepting components provides a perfect balance needed for individual redox steps, which in some cases may proceed even without a photocatalyst. The same electronic factors also support the key C,C‐bond forming event involving addition of fluorinated radical at the electron rich double bond.