bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realization of a database‐driven PID control system using a CMAC memory
Authors: Li Zhifeng , Guan Zhe , Yamamoto Toru , Omatu Sigeru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs a nonlinear control approach, a database‐driven PID (DD‐PID) controller has been proposed that uses distance calculations of an initial database to tune PID parameters. However, sorting operations are required in extracting neighborhood data from the database, which imposes a large computational load. Therefore, it is impossible to finish this computation within a restricted sampling period in control systems with fast response time and insufficient memory capacity. On the other hand, the cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) has advantages for these problems and has similar constructs to the DD approach. Therefore, this paper combines advantages of these two approaches, and proposes a CMAC‐PID controller design based on off‐line optimization of a database. Finally, a comparison with conventional off‐line CMAC‐PID controller and DD‐PID controller through simulations are considered.
Accessibility of Lithium Cations in VSH‐2 Zeotype: Structural Effects and Formation of Protonated Water Clusters
Authors: Danisi Rosa Micaela , Fischer Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe accessibility of lithium cations in microporous vanadosilicate VSH‐2Cs of composition Cs2(VO)(Si6O14) ⋅ 3H2O was investigated by Single Crystal X‐ray Diffraction, Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory calculations. The topological symmetry of VSH‐2Cs is described in space group Cmca. After Li‐ion exchange, the structure of VSH‐2Li adopted monoclinic symmetry (space group C2/c) with a=17.011(2) Å, b=8.8533(11) Å, c=12.4934(16) Å, β=91.677(4)°, V=1880.7(4) Å3. The strong interactions between Li ions and oxygen‐framework atoms drive the main deformation mechanism, which is based on cooperative rotation of SiO4 and VO5 units around their oxygen atoms that behave as hinges. Exchange of Cs+ by Li+ is incomplete and accompanied by the formation of protonated species to counterbalance the electrostatic charge. The incorporation of protons is mediated by the presence of water dimers in the structural channels. H2O molecules in VSH‐2Li account not only as “space‐fillers” after the removal of large Cs ions but also mediate proton transfer to compensate the negative charge of the host vanadosilicate framework.
Vanadium(IV)‐oxo Corrole Catalyzed Selective Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes to Aldehydes
Authors: Nayak Panisha , Nayak Manisha , Kar Subhajit , Kar Sanjib 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA practical and efficient protocol for oxidative cleavage of olefinic bonds especially in arylated olefins has been demonstrated. Herein, an oxo[5,10,15‐tris(4‐nitrophenyl)corrolato]vanadium (IV) complex (cat.), has been successfully synthesized and the existence of two tautomeric forms of this complex in solution has been established. Oxo[5,10,15‐tris(4‐nitrophenyl)corrolato]vanadium (IV) (cat.) in the presence of H2O2 cleaves olefinic bonds to yield the corresponding aldehyde compounds. In general, a high valent, oxo‐(porphyrinoid)‐metal complex catalyzes the epoxide formation reactions, however, in the present case, we have observed the exclusive formation of aldehydes. The reaction offered aryl aldehydes with good yields and excellent selectivity. A mechanism was also proposed for these catalysis reactions.
Challenges and needs of epilepsy management in primary care (from the perspective of family physicians/general practitioners): A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Çelik Özla , Apaydın Kaya Çiğdem 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveFamily physicians are expected to have sufficient knowledge and skills in epilepsy management due to frequent encountering with epileptic patients for prescribing antiepileptics, providing preventive services such as vaccination, pre‐conceptional counseling, or managing acute health problems of the patients. This study aimed to determine family physicians' challenges and needs regarding managing epilepsy in primary care.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out with the family physicians working in Family Health Centers representing the four districts of Istanbul in 2020. After enrolling sociodemographic characteristics, epilepsy knowledge, and self‐efficacy questionnaire were filled out by the physicians themselves, and the difficulties and needs in the follow‐up of the patients with epilepsy were evaluated with open‐ended questions.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty‐eight physicians participated in the study (48.7% F; mean age: 43.06 ± 8.82). Most of the physicians reported that they feel incompetent and hesitated while providing health reports (driving [83.3%], sport [95.5%] or work [70.2%]), and prescribing antiepileptics, especially during pregnancy (38.2%) and breastfeeding (31.2%). Despite their high awareness of psychosocial problems in epileptic patients, only 25% of physicians stated that they could make psychosocial assessments. There was no correlation between Epilepsy Knowledge and Self‐efficacy scores and physicians' age, graduation period, and family medicine experience (p > .05). Most frequently encountered difficulties were reported as epilepsy‐specific (follow‐up of pregnant or pediatric patients, lack of information about epilepsy and antiepileptics). Most physicians (82.6%) wanted training in epilepsy management.SignificanceThe findings of our study suggest that family physicians need knowledge and training in epilepsy management. The main limitation of the present study is its cross‐sectional design, which does not allow for causal or directional inferences.
Evaluation of schedule thinning following treatment for aggression maintained by access to higher level restrictive and repetitive behavior
Authors: Fernand Jonathan K. , Vollmer Timothy R. , Slocum Sarah K. , Baker Simms Catherine , Peters Kerri P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the diagnostic characteristics of individuals with autism spectrum disorders includes engaging in restricted and repetitive behavior. Research has shown that individuals will often display problem behavior when access to restricted and repetitive behavior is blocked. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the use of functional communication training and schedule thinning to treat aggression displayed by three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders when higher level restrictive and repetitive behavior was blocked. Further, we assessed whether all steps in a schedule‐thinning sequence were necessary as well as extended the practicality of these procedures by removing the continuous signal during the delay to reinforcement. The results indicated that functional communication with schedule thinning reduced aggression related to blocking access to engaging in higher level restrictive and repetitive behavior for all participants.
Novel targets of β‐TrCP cooperatively accelerate carbohydrate and fatty acid consumption
Authors: Joo Hyun Jeong , D'Alessandro Matthew , Oh Gaeun , Han Sora , Kim Woo Jung , Chung Ga Eun , Jang Youjeong , Lee Jung Bok , Lee Choogon , Yang Young 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCellular energy is primarily produced from glucose and fat through glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) followed by the tricarboxylic acid cycle in mitochondria; energy homeostasis is carefully maintained via numerous feedback pathways. In this report, we uncovered a new master regulator of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. When ubiquitin E3 ligase β‐TrCP2 was inducibly knocked out in β‐TrCP1 knockout adult mice, the resulting double knockout mice (DKO) lost fat mass rapidly. Biochemical analyses of the tissues and cells from β‐TrCP2 KO and DKO mice revealed that glycolysis, FAO, and lipolysis were dramatically upregulated. The absence of β‐TrCP2 increased the protein stability of metabolic rate‐limiting enzymes including 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐bisphosphatase (PFKFB3), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), and carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (CACT). Our data suggest that β‐TrCP is a potential regulator for total energy homeostasis by simultaneously controlling glucose and fatty acid metabolism and that targeting β‐TrCP could be an effective strategy to treat obesity and other metabolic disorders.
Divided stimulus control depends on differential and nondifferential reinforcement: Testing a quantitative model
Authors: Gomes‐Ng Stephanie , Cowie Sarah , Elliffe Douglas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigated the effects of differential and nondifferential reinforcers on divided control by compound‐stimulus dimensions. Six pigeons responded in a delayed matching‐to‐sample procedure in which a blue or yellow sample stimulus flashed on/off at a fast or slow rate, and subjects reported its color or alternation frequency. The dimension to report was unsignaled (Phase 1) or signaled (Phase 2). Correct responses were reinforced with a probability of .70, and the probability of reinforcers for errors varied across conditions. Comparison choice depended on reinforcer ratios for correct and incorrect responding; as the frequency of error reinforcers according to a dimension increased, control (measured by log d) by that dimension decreased and control by the other dimension increased. Davison and Nevin's (1999) model described data when the dimension to report was unsignaled, whereas model fits were poorer when it was signaled, perhaps due to carryover between conditions. We are the first to test this quantitative model of divided control with reinforcers for errors and when the dimension to report is signaled; hence, further research is needed to establish the model's generality. We question whether divided stimulus control is dimensional and suggest it may instead reflect joint control by compound stimuli and reinforcer ratios.
Minimal bricks with the maximum number of edges
Authors: Feng Xing , Yan Weigen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 3‐connected graph is a brick if, after the removal of any two distinct vertices, the resulting graph has a perfect matching. A brick is minimal if, for every edge , deleting results in a graph that is not a brick. Norine and Thomas proved that every minimal brick with vertices, which is distinct from the prism or the wheel on four, six, or eight vertices, has at most edges. In this paper, we characterize the extremal minimal bricks with vertices that meet this upper bound, and we prove that the number of extremal graphs equals if , 5 if , 10 if and 0 if , respectively.
To degas or not to degas? The effectiveness of pharmaceuticals in reducing the impact of bowel volume variations during liver SBRT treatment
Authors: Haslam Phoebe , Brown Elizabeth , Burbery Julie , Hargrave Catriona , Lee Yoo Young 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe indications for liver stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) continue to expand in the management of liver cancer due to the improved rates of local control with acceptable normal tissue toxicity. Changes in internal anatomy, such as the bowel, may negatively impact the precision of treatment delivery of SBRT liver treatment by influencing daily image matching. Institutions have developed various approaches to promoting bowel volume consistency. One such strategy is the administration of pharmaceuticals. The administration of pharmaceuticals, such as Simethicone, has been adopted by the Princess Alexandra Hospital Radiation Oncology Department (ROPAIR) as a method to promote consistency in the amount of bowel gas observed in liver cancer patients. This case series examines a group of patients treated at ROPAIR with liver SBRT to determine whether current practices effectively reduce the impact of bowel volume variations for liver cancer patients. Initial observations from this hypothesis generating research suggest potential improved consistency of the small bowel's anatomical position for liver SBRT patients who were administered Simethicone (Bowel bag dice similarity coefficient – Simethicone group = 0.79–0.92, Standard group = 0.24–0.93). However, it appeared that this strategy alone may not be entirely effective achieving consistency in the amount of bowel gas present throughout the duration of treatment. Further investigation into the refinement of liver SBRT pre‐treatment preparation is therefore recommended.
Longevity and other practical benefits of monolithic silica columns in the analysis of samples with complex matrices
Authors: Chocholouš Petr , Matoušová Kateřina , Šatínský Dalibor , Krčmová Lenka Kujovská , Sklenářová Hana 
Published: August 2023

At the turn of the millennium, the monolithic columns invoked new chances in HPLC. Even more than their organic polymer‐based siblings, the inorganic silica‐based monoliths targeted the territory of classical fully porous particle‐packed columns, promising many benefits. Based on the number of published articles, the monoliths attracted academics just in the first few years after their introduction to the market. Lately, as superficially porous particles and sub‐2‐micron fully porous particles dominated the market, they stayed in the focus of routine laboratories and those who really appreciated the high porosity of the monolithic bed. The monoliths' practical benefits cannot be easily traced in the literature when they gradually lose academics' interest. Nevertheless, after more than 20 years of our experience, we still favor silica monoliths for their low back pressure and longevity when analyzing samples of clinical, pharmaceutical, and environmental origin. At the same time, the high permeability of monoliths enabled the birth of sequential injection chromatography, the medium‐pressure separation technique based on the flexible flow manifold.This minireview aims to check, discuss, and summarize the practical aspects of monolithic silica columns in HPLC and medium‐pressure sequential injection chromatography (SIC) that may not be visible at first sight but are evident retrospectively.
Efficacy of Multiple Modified Methods of Criteria for LR‐M Liver Nodules of Different Sizes
Authors: Lin Weizhen , He Na , Zeng Qingjin , Wu Lili , Qiu Shaodong , Zheng Rongqin 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic performance of the modified LR‐M method of CEUS LI‐RADS version 2017 with nodules of different sizes.MethodsThis retrospective study included consecutive patients with high risk for HCC who underwent CEUS between 2019 and 2021, demonstrating an LR‐M observed using CEUS LI‐RADS version 2017. Four modified LR‐M methods were used to evaluate nodules of different sizes. The diagnostic performances of the four modified LR‐M methods were assessed in LR‐M nodules of different sizes by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe 261 patients with LR‐M observations included 166 HCCs and 95 non‐HCCs. A total of 133 nodules were <30 mm and defined as group A, 78 nodules were 30–50 mm in size and defined as group B, and 50 nodules were >50 mm and defined as group C. The AUCs between criterion I, II, III, and IV were not significantly different in all LR‐M nodules. The AUCs of the ROC curves between criterion I, II, III, and IV were not significantly different in group A. However, the AUC of criterion IV was significantly higher than that of criterion I and III in group B, and the AUCs of criterion I and criterion III were both not significant in group B; the AUC of criterion IV was not significant in group C.ConclusionsThe modified LR‐M method could moderate the detection effectiveness in differentiating HCC from other lesions. According to tumor size, the selection of appropriate modified LR‐M diagnostic criteria could effectively improve the diagnostic performance of LR‐M.
Somatic anxiety in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Kang Jeong Wook , Lee Min Kyeong , Lee Young Chan , Ko Seong‐gyu , Eun Young‐Gyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the relationship between laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and anxiety in patients with LPR.DesignProspective, case–control study.SettingThis study was conducted at a tertiary care center.ParticipantsSixty‐four patients with LPR and 60 healthy controls.MethodsPatients with LPR and healthy individuals (N = 64 and N = 60) were enrolled in this study. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and reflux symptom index (RSI) were used to evaluate anxiety and reflux‐related symptoms, respectively. The BAI can be classified into somatic and subjective symptom scales. The prevalence of anxiety was compared between patients with LPR and healthy individuals. This study evaluated the relationship between BAI and RSI scores.ResultsNo statistical difference was found in the prevalence of anxiety between patients with LPR and healthy individuals (42.2% vs. 33.3%). However, the somatic anxiety symptom score was statistically higher in patients with LPR than in healthy individuals (p = .047). We observed a correlation between RSI and somatic anxiety scores of BAI in patients with LPR (rho = 0.286, p = .021).ConclusionPatients with LPR had more severe somatic anxiety symptoms, and somatic anxiety was associated with their LPR‐related symptoms.
Vagus Nerve Ultrasonography Helps Distinguish Multiple System Atrophy from Other Parkinsonian Syndromes
Authors: Oura Kazumasa , Yamaguchi Takashi , Nozaki Ryota , Taguchi Keita , Suzuki Yoshio , Takahashi Kai , Takahashi Kenta , Iwaoka Kazuhiro , Takahashi Makoto , Itabashi Ryo , Maeda Tetsuya 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundDistinguishing multiple system atrophy from other parkinsonian syndromes is challenging.ObjectivesTo evaluate vagus nerve ultrasonography for differentiating parkinsonian syndromes.MethodsA single‐center, cross‐sectional, observational study assessed 85 consecutive adult patients with de novo parkinsonism between June 2020 and December 2022, using 12 MHz ultrasonography of the vagus nerve cross‐sectional area.ResultsBilateral vagus nerves were smaller in multiple system atrophy than in other parkinsonian syndromes. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for differentiating multiple system atrophy was 0.79 on the right side and 0.74 on the left. The cut‐off values to diagnose multiple system atrophy were 0.71 and 0.86 mm2 on the right and left sides, respectively, with sensitivities of 82.6% and 87.0%, specificities of 74.2% and 64.5%, positive predictive values of 54% and 47.6%, and negative predictive values of 92.0% and 93.0%.ConclusionsVagus nerve ultrasonography may differentiate multiple system atrophy from other parkinsonian syndromes.
A comparison of non‐negative matrix underapproximation methods for the decomposition of magnetic resonance spectroscopy data from human brain tumors
Authors: Ungan Gulnur , Arús Carles , Vellido Alfredo , Julià‐Sapé Margarida 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMagnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an MR technique that provides information about the biochemistry of tissues in a noninvasive way. MRS has been widely used for the study of brain tumors, both preoperatively and during follow‐up. In this study, we investigated the performance of a range of variants of unsupervised matrix factorization methods of the non‐negative matrix underapproximation (NMU) family, namely, sparse NMU, global NMU, and recursive NMU, and compared them with convex non‐negative matrix factorization (C‐NMF), which has previously shown a good performance on brain tumor diagnostic support problems using MRS data. The purpose of the investigation was 2‐fold: first, to ascertain the differences among the sources extracted by these methods; and second, to compare the influence of each method in the diagnostic accuracy of the classification of brain tumors, using them as feature extractors. We discovered that, first, NMU variants found meaningful sources in terms of biological interpretability, but representing parts of the spectrum, in contrast to C‐NMF; and second, that NMU methods achieved better classification accuracy than C‐NMF for the classification tasks when one class was not meningioma.
Map‐based B0 shimming for single voxel brain spectroscopy at 7T
Authors: Pan Jullie W. , Terpstra Melissa J. , Moon Chan‐Hong , Hetherington Hoby P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile B0 shimming is an important requirement for in vivo brain spectroscopy, for single voxel spectroscopy (SVS), the role for advanced shim methods has been questioned. Specifically, with the small spatial dimensions of the voxel, the extent to which inhomogeneities higher than second order exist and the ability of higher order shims to correct them is controversial. To assess this, we acquired SVS from two loci of neurophysiological interest, the rostral prefrontal cortex (rPFC; 8 cc) and hippocampus (Hc; 9 cc). The rPFC voxel was placed using SUsceptibility Managed Optimization (SUMO) and an initial B0 map that covers the entire cerebrum to cerebellum. In each location, we compared map‐based shimming (Bolero) with projection‐based shimming (FAST(EST)MAP). We also compared vendor‐provided spherical harmonic first‐ and second‐order shims with additional third‐ and fourth‐order shim hardware. The 7T SVS acquisition used stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) TR/TM/TE of 6 s/20 ms/8 ms, a tissue water acquisition for concentration reference, and LCModel for spectral analysis. In the rPFC (n = 7 subjects), Bolero shimming with first‐ and second‐order shims reduced the residual inhomogeneity
from 9.8 ± 4.5 Hz with FAST(EST)MAP to 6.5 ± 2.0 Hz. The addition of third‐ and fourth‐order shims further reduced
to 4.0 ± 0.8 Hz. In the Hc (n = 7 subjects), FAST(EST)MAP, Bolero with first‐ and second‐order shims, and Bolero with first‐ to fourth‐order shims achieved
values of 8.6 ± 1.9, 5.6 ± 1.0, and 4.6 ± 0.9 Hz, respectively. The spectral linewidth,
, was estimated with a Voigt lineshape using
and T2 = 130 ms.
significantly correlated with the Cramer–Rao lower bounds and concentrations of several metabolites, including glutamate and glutamine in the rPFC. In both loci, if the B0 distribution is well described by a Gaussian model, the variance of the metabolite concentrations is reduced, consistent with the LCModel fit based on a unimodal lineshape. Overall, the use of the high order and map‐based B0 shim methods improved the accuracy and consistency of spectroscopic data.
Development of silver nanoparticles based on the method using quince seed mucilage for ascorbic acid determination
Authors: Beğiç Nilay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionNanoparticles are used in various fields such as chemistry, pharmacy, biotechnology, and food science since they provide higher sensitivity than traditional optical detection methods. Recently, synthesis of nanomaterials using green chemistry has become popular. Many phytochemical components are used in the synthesis of nanoparticles, including vitamins, proteins, polysaccharides, glycosides, essential oils and phenolic compounds.ObjectiveA novel green nanotechnology‐based method using quince seed mucilage (QSM) was designed for the determination of ascorbic acid in pharmaceutical preparations. QSM, a natural polysaccharide, was used as a bioreducing and stabilizing reagent in the proposed silver nanoparticle (SNP)‐based method.MethodIn the first stage of the developed method, silver(I) is reduced to silver(0) via QSM and spherical, homogeneous SNPs were prepared (QSM‐SNPs). In the second stage of the developed method, SNPs nuclei were enlarged with the addition of ascorbic acid. The developed method was validated by performance parameters (linearity, recovery, and precision). Ascorbic acid determination was performed by measuring increase in absorbance at 420 nm.ResultsThe limit of detection and limit of quantification for ascorbic acid were, respectively, found to be at 0.27 and 0.90 μM. The QSM‐SNP‐based method was successfully applied to effervescent tablets containing ascorbic acid. The standards of the excipients frequently used in pharmaceutical preparations did not interfere with the developed method.ConclusionThe developed QSM‐SNP‐based method satisfies the requirements of green nanotechnology. The developed QSM‐SNP‐based method is simple, fast, eco‐friendly and low‐cost.