bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model experiment on discoloration and recovery of Pyropia suborbiculata
Authors: Hwang Eun Kyoung , Park Chan Sun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Low nutrient levels have been shown to cause deterioration in the quality of Pyropia, resulting in discoloration and detachment of the frond. In this study, we investigated the critical concentration of nitrogen that causes discoloration of P. suborbiculata, the effective period, and the appropriate nutrient concentration for the recovery of the discolored thalli. To calculate the critical nutrient concentration that causes the discoloration of the thalli, a culture experiment was conducted at 5 DIN concentrations (30, 50, 70, 90, 110 µg L− 1) for 14 days. To test recovery of discolored thalli, a culture experiment was conducted at 4 NH4-N concentrations (10, 20, 40, 60 mg L− 1) for 96 hours. After 8 days culture, discoloration of thalli occured at nutrient concentrations between 70 and 90 µg L− 1 of dissolved inorganic nitrogen. When exposure to low nutrient levels lasted for less than 10 days, discoloured thalli recovered their colour within 72 hours when supplied with NH4-N at 20 ~ 40 mg L− 1. In this study, we revealed that the discoloration of Pyropia caused by low nitrogen concentrations on seaweed farms can be restored by supplying nitrogen at an appropriate concentration.
Material identification method for helical milling of CFRP/Ti stacks based on torque−speed model
Authors: Yan Chao , Kang Renke , Meng Fantong , Dong Zhigang , Bao Yan , Yang Guolin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Because of the excellent material properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites (CFRP) and titanium alloy (Ti), CFRP/Ti stacks are widely used in the aerospace industry. As the foundation for connecting the above two materials, the integrated hole making process of CFRP/Ti stacks has become an important work in aerospace assembly. Due to the limitations of the huge difference in machining performance between the two materials, the applicable processing parameters of each layer material are different. In addition, the stacking order and thickness may be inconsistent at different locations, which makes it difficult to identify the material and set the corresponding processing parameters. In this paper, a material identification method for helical milling of CFRP/Ti stacks based on the torque-speed model is presented to solve these problems. Torque prediction model is established for helical milling of CFRP and Ti, then the function of torque with respect to spindle speed is resolved. Meanwhile, the torque-speed model of pneumatic spindle is proposed based on the self-developed portable helical milling equipment. The predicted speed of equipment when processing different materials is solved by associating the above models, thus establishing the corresponding relationship between the spindle speed and material for material identification. Validation experiments were carried out and the results substantiate that the torque prediction model has good accuracy. Furthermore, the measured speed of two materials are highly consistent with their respective predicted values, which indicated that the proposed method can effectively identify the material types and provide a theoretical basis for subsequent processing.
Nanostructured Ce/CeO2-rGO: Highly Sensitive and Selective Electrochemical Hydrogen Sulphide Sensor
Authors: Mali Shivsharan M. , Narwade Shankar S. , Mulik Balaji B. , Sapner Vijay S. , Annadate Shubham J. , Sathe Bhaskar R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHerein, cerium/ceriumoxide nanoparticles have been decorated on reduced graphene oxide (Ce/CeO2-rGO) for room temperature electrochemical determination of H2S in 0.5 M KOH electrolyte. There is a superior linear correlation between the peak current density and H2S content in the tested range of 1–5 ppm. Moreover, compare to other abundant gases shows no response such as CO2at the potentials of H2S sensing, confirms no interfere with H2S detection. And it reveals that the Ce/CeO2-rGO nanocomposites is highly selective and sensitive system for the detection of H2S gas sensing. Ce/CeO2-rGO synthesized by simple chemical approach and further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Furrier transform infra-red (FTIR), Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) coupled energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and BET-surface area measurements confirms the porosity of synthesized nanomaterial and homogeneous decoration of Ce/CeO2nanoparticles on rGO sheets. The electrochemical studies i.e. linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) of Ce/CeO2-rGO demonstrates the electrochemical H2S gas sensing at room temperature with lower gas concentration i.e 1 ppm detection at low concentration. Furthermore, the applcablity of sensor the analytical parametrtrs like LOD and LOQ has been calculated and were found to be 0.92 and 9.22 µM respectively. The sensing mechanism is believed tobe based on the modulation of the current and applied potential path across the electron exchange between the cerium oxide and rGO sites when exposed to H2S.
CSRR Loaded Graphene Inspired EBG Based High Isolation Miniaturized Wideband THz Dielectric Resonator MIMO Antenna for Nano Communication in 6G-IoT and Bio-Medical (Hemoglobin and Urine) Sensing Application
Authors: Saxena Gaurav , Chintakindi Sanjay , Al-Tamim Abdulsalam , Abidi Mustufa Haider , Saif Wigdan Aref Mohammed , Maduri Praveen Kumar , Patil Shilpee , Singh Himanshu , Awasthi Y K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a rectangular-shaped wideband dielectric resonator Graphene inspired electronic band gap (EBG) based complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) loaded miniaturized THz MIMO antenna is designed having a dimension of 56×56×3.6μm 3 is designed on a Roggers RO3035 substrate with a relative permittivity of 3.6 and loss tangent 0.0015. This antenna works in the range of 6.0THz-12.5THz (70.76%) with a peak gain of 7.68 dBi for used in medical imaging and THz wireless near field applications. This composite DRA materials having Silicon (εr = 11.1) based cylindrical dielectric and cylindrical Graphene disk to be stacked on rectangular radiated antenna having height of 13.5µm and 0.2µm to improve the impedance bandwidth as well as gain of the antenna from 5.24dBi to 7.68dBi. Firstly single-element gold plated rectangular shaped antenna is transformed into a two-element MIMO antenna with mushroom-shaped EBG structure is deployed for improving the isolation between two antenna elements as well as to improve the maximum front-to-back ratio (FBR) 35.2 at 8.52THz which enhance the gain/directivity of the antenna. CSRR is loaded to obtained band notch characteristics for avoiding the interference between near wireless devices in the span of 10.6-10.8THz. Graphene disk having 3µm height put on Silicon (εr = 11.1) based cylindrical DRA provides high gain and improved the impedance bandwidth for achieving wide bandwidth from 6.0THz-12.5THz. The proposed MIMO Antenna performance has been judged by antenna parameters like gain, return loss, isolation between two antenna elements, diversity parameters like ECC, DG, TARC, Mean Effective Gain (MEG), Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) and found proposed DRA-MIMO antenna suitable for wide band nano/optical communication in 6G for IoT and bio-medical sensing application with avg. sensitivity 805.33GHz/RIU and Figure of Merit(FOM)-3.37 for hemoglobin and 805.55GHz/RIU and Figure of Merit(FOM) 10.55 for urine sensing applications .
Ecotoxicological status and health risks implication of heavy metals in urban soils of the A’koon and Brahabobom communities, Tarkwa – Ghana
Authors: Fosu Shadrack , Gyimah Eric , Boakgye Felix Agyei , Stemn Eric 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of urban soils and it possible detrimental effects to both environmental quality and humans have gained significant attention for decades. However, data on the ecotoxicological status and health implication of heavy metal pollution of soils in Tarkwa remains vague. Herein, nine heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni, and Zn) were analyzed in 20 urban soils, of typical artisanal mining communities in Tarkwa, using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS VARIAN AA240FS). Multivariate statistical analysis as well as ecotoxicological indexes were employed to identify pollution sources of metals and possible ecotoxicological effects, respectively. In addition, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for residents’ exposure through oral, dermal, and inhalation were estimated. The mean concentrations (mg/kg) of the nine metals followed a decreasing order: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > Co > Ni > Cd. Results on principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were in concomitant revealing that Pb and Cd inputs may be due to anthropogenic influenced whiles the occurrences of Cr, Fe, Co in the soil could be attributed to similar geochemical processes. Noteworthily, 45% of soils samples from the study sites had the total toxic unit (TTU) greater than 4, an indication that the heavy metals may pose deleterious effects on soil-dwelling organisms. For all the exposure routes, the estimated hazard quotients (HQs) for the children, youth, and adult populations were < 1, for all metals. However, hazard index (HI) estimations showed a considerable non-cancer risk to children residents of the A’Koon community via dermal exposure (HI = 1.5). The potential cancer risks associated with daily exposures revealed that children resident of the two communities may be susceptible to Cr via inhalation (> 1 × 10− 4), at a cancer risks of 5.7 × 10− 4 and 4.13 × 10− 4 for the Brahabobom and A’koon communities, respectively.
EpiCluster: end-to-end deep learning model for B cell epitope prediction designed to capture epitope clustering property
Authors: Choi Sungjin , Kim Dongsup 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Knowledge of B cell epitopes is crucial for vaccine design, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Many in silico tools have been developed to computationally predict the B cell epitope. However, most methods have shown inconsistent performance, thereby degrading the reliability of the predictions. To address this challenge, we developed EpiCluster, an end-to-end deep learning model that significantly outperforms existing methods by a large margin. Our model’s performance is consistent with several benchmark datasets, including the most recent one on which all existing methods performed very poorly. EpiCluster achieves this mainly through two ways. First, it effectively combines the structural and evolutionary features of epitopes. Second, it has the model architecture that exploits the clustering property of epitopes. More importantly, we have demonstrated that an end-to-end learning model architecture enforcing the clustering property of epitopes was critically important for building an accurate epitope prediction model. The source code and implementation are available at https://github.com/sj584/EpiCluster.
The protective effect of exogen melatonin upon fetal hippocampus damage caused by high-dose caffeine administration in pregnant rats
Authors: Köse Yağmur , Şirin Cansın , Turgut Ali Çağlar , Tomruk Canberk , Uyanıkgil Yiğit , Turgut Mehmet 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: Caffeine (CAF), which is in the methylxanthines group (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), is a neurologically active food component that is widely consumed and has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system. CAF taken in high doses during pregnancy rapidly crosses the placenta and causes many negative conditions such as low birth weight infants, premature births, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and principally fetal growth retardation. On the other hand, melatonin (MEL) is an endogenous hormone secreted from the pineal gland that plays a role in the regulation of many biological functions such as sleep, biological rhythm, reproduction, immunity and has neuroprotective effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible effects of exogenous MEL on the fetal hippocampus damage caused by high-dose CAF administration in pregnant rats.
Methods: In the study, 32 adult Wistar albino female rats were divided into four experimental groups after conception (n=8). No compound was administered to the control group. In the MEL group, intraperitoneal (i.p.) MEL was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day at 9-20 days of pregnancy. In the CAF group, i.p. CAF was administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg/day at 9-20 days of pregnancy. In the CAF plus MEL group, i.p. CAF and MEL were administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg/day and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively at 9-20 days of pregnancy. Histological tissue processing procedures were performed after the extraction of the brains of the fetuses sacrificed on the 21st day of pregnancy. Hippocampal regions of fetal brains were analyzed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Cresyl Echt Violet (CEV) histochemical staining, anti-GFAP and anti-synaptophysin immunohistochemical staining methods.
Results: While there was a decrease in fetal and brain weights in the CAF group, it was found that the CAF plus MEL group had a closer weight average to that of the control group. In histological examinations, while the MEL group showed similar characteristics with the control group, it was observed that the pyramidal cell layer consisted of 8-10 layers of cells due to the delay in migration in hippocampal neurons in the CAF group. It was found that these findings decreased in the CAF plus MEL group.
Conclusion: Ultimately, it was determined that high-dose CAF administration caused delays and deterioration in neurogenesis in the fetal hippocampus region, and it was also shown that MEL administration was effective in reducing these findings.
A risk model for predicting progression of pituitary tumors by blood and clinical factors
Authors: Mao Wenbin , Zhai Yixuan , Zhang Xuezhi , Wang Xinzhuang , Wei Xinting 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose To build a model that utilizes clinical and blood parameters to predict the recurrence or progression of pituitary tumors after surgery.
Methods A training group (67,70%) and a validation group (29,30%) were formed from 96 individuals with recurrent pituitary tumors. The training group was screened for blood parameters and a blood-related risk score (BRS) was established. Clinical-related prognostic factors were also assessed through Cox regression analysis, which was used alongside the BRS to construct a clinical prognostic model. In the validation group to assess the stability and accuracy of the BRS and the clinical prognostic model. Additionally, a clinical and blood-based nomogram was developed.
Result The preoperative blood parameters K+, cholinesterase (CHE), and 5-nucleotidase (NT5E) were found to be correlated with progression-free survival (PFS). The area under the curve (AUC) for the BRS was 0.788 (95% CI: 0.657-0.919) in the training group and 0.852 (95% CI: 0.706-0.997) in the validation group. For 1-, 3-, and 5-year intervals in the validation set, the clinical model's AUC was 0.718, 0.852, and 0.864, respectively. While in the test group, the AUCs were 0.600, 0.889, and 0.660. The nomogram had C indices of 0.732 and 0.704 in the training and validation groups, respectively, and its calibration curves and clinical decision curves (DCA) indicated good calibrations and clinical utility.
ConclusionThis is a new non-invasive tool that provides a tool for predicting prognosis and risk stratification.
Pediatric feeding disorders among children with parental history of feeding disorders: a distinct group of patients with unique characteristics
Authors: Galai Tut , Friedman Gal , MA Nataly Kalmintzky , Shemer Kim , Gal Dana L , Yerushalmy-Feler Anat , Lubetzky Ronit , Cohen Shlomi , Moran-Lev Hadar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurpose To investigate factors associated with pediatric feeding disorders (PFD) among children of parents that reported to have had feeding disorders during their own childhood compared to children with PFD with no history of parental PFD. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children diagnosed with PFD according to the recent WHO-based definition. Demographic and clinical characteristics of children with PFD with a parental history of PFD were compared to those of children with a PFD with no history of parental PFD. Results Included were 231 children with PFD (median [interquartile range] age 10 (5.5–29) months at diagnosis, 58% boys) of whom 133 children had parents without PFD and 98 children had parents with PFD. Unexpectedly, children of parents without PFD had a higher rate of low birth weight (28% vs. 19%, respectively,p = 0.007), more delivery complications (10% vs. 2%,p = 0.006), more hospitalizations (33% vs. 17%,p = 0.004), more prescription medications (27% vs. 18%,p = 0.05), and a higher percent of gastrostomy tube use (6% vs. 0,p = 0.02). Moreover, more parents with PFD had an academic background compared with parents without PFD (72% vs. 59%,p = 0.05). There were no significant group differences in sex, history of breastfeeding, parental marital status, or type of the child's feeding disorder. Conclusions PFD among children with a parental history of PFD comprise a distinct group of patients with unique characteristics and outcomes. Since parental feeding history may explain their child's PFD in highly differing ways, treatment should be family-based and multidisciplinary.
Paediatric Patients Dose Optimisation and Risk Assessment in Computed Tomography Examination
Authors: Shirazu Issahaku , Sackey Theophilus A. , Edziah Raymond , Mensah Y. B , Tiburu Elvis K. , Schandorf C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Children are a distinct group of patients and should not be consider as small adults in terms of medical imaging procedures. Their size, physiology and the location of their organs change as they grow. Additionally, children have a longer life expectancy than adults hence consideration must be taken into account when the appropriate radiation dose is delivered. Therefore, the study was to estimate paediatric patients’ lifetime attributable radiation risk and dose optimisation during computed tomography examination. The materials used include five different multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) Machines, Head and Body phantom and MeVisLab (MVL) workstation. The methodology involved using weighted CTDI (CTDIW) and DLP values to estimate effective and organ dose in relation to image quality in term of SNR. In addition to the use of the estimated dose values to estimate paediatric patients’ lifetime attributable radiation risk during CT examination. In all 300 dose reports with their corresponding images of randomly selected paediatric patients undergoing CT scans of head, chest, and abdomen-Pelvis from the CT centres were collected from various CT facilities across the country. 200 of these met the selection criterion and has been analysed. The average values for organ dose and effective dose for Brain CT exam for age 0–5, 6–10 and 11–16 years were10.3mGy, 1.3965mSv; 11.18mGy, 2.2785mSv; and 19.82mGy, 4.5102mSv respectively for male patients. While the corresponding image quality for age 0–5, 6–10 and 11–16 years were 8.19; 12.08; and 17.42 respectively. These increasing trends were observed in the Chest and abdominal pelvis examinations, with the dose increasing with an increasing age based on the paediatric age and protocol that were used. the study also established a minimum SNR value of 5.1 with a corresponding minimum effective dose values of 5.8 for a balance between the minimum image quality to the minimum dose to the paediatric patient. The average cancer risk for incidence and mortality for head, chest and abdomen-pelvis examinations were in the range 1 in 10,000 to in 1,000 of the study population.
Rectus abdominis muscle contraction has no significant role in stoma outlet obstruction development
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Gu Jin , Liu Yue , Lin Beibei , Wang Yizhi , Xu Dong , Ding Kefeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Stoma outlet obstruction (SOO) is a common complication in patients who receive diverting ileostomy. A postoperatively thicker rectus abdominis muscle is an independent risk factor for outlet obstruction through strong contractions. The objective of this study is to identify the relationship between rectus abdominis and SOO.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed for patients who underwent laparoscopic anterior rectal resection and diverting ileostomy from August 2019 to August 2022. The ileostomy site was in the lower-right abdominal through the rectus abdominis muscle or in the lower-middle abdominal via the specimen extraction site between the rectus abdominis muscles.
Results
Among the 306 patients that had been subjected to laparoscopic anterior rectal resection and diverting ileostomy, 28 (9.15%) developed SOO. In the lower-right group, SOO accounted for 18 (8.45%) of the 213 patients, while in the lower-middle group, SOO accounted for 10 (10.75%) of the 93 patients (p = 0.521). Differences in abdominal wall thickness (21.03 vs. 24.389 mm, p = 0.382), width of abdominal wall defects (21.1 vs. 22.483 mm, p = 0.906), time of fart (1.5 vs. 1.33 days, p = 0.408), obstruction time after operation (5.28 vs. 10 days, p = 0.175), proportion of albumin reduction (20.66 vs. 19.48%, p = 0.621), and highest postoperative leukocyte levels (9.3 vs. 9.611 10E9/L, p = 0.906) between the groups were insignificant. However, differences in mealtime between the groups were significant (2.2 vs. 4.11 p = 0.021).
Conclusion
In rectal cancer patients subjected to laparoscopic anterior rectal resection and diverting ileostomy, rectus abdominis muscle-related factors were not associated with the development of stoma outlet obstruction.
Scutellarin Protects against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Enhancing Aerobic Glycolysis via miR-34c-5p/ALDOA axis
Authors: Xiang Yijia , Xu Zhongjiao , Qian Renyi , Wu Daying , Lin Li , Shen Jiayi , Zhu Pengchong , Chen Fenghui , Liu Chong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury is a serious concern in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Recently, aerobic glycolysis has shown potential benefits against IR injury. Scutellarin (Scu), a flavonoid found in Erigeron breviscapus has multiple potentially cardio-protective properties. In this study, we used hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury to mimic IR injury in vitro. First, we evaluated the protective effects of Scu against HR in H9c2 cells, which included inflammation damage, apoptosis injury and oxidative stress. Then, we verified the effects of Scu on Warburg effect in H9c2 cells under HR injury. The results indicated that Scu increased aerobic glycolysis by reducing pH, increasing lac, enhancing phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity, and elevating p-PKM2/PKM2 levels. Next, we built a panel of six lncRNAs and seventeen miRNAs that were reported to mediate the Warburg effect. Based on the results, miR-34c-5p was selected as the entry point for further experiments. Then, we found Scu could alleviate HR-induced elevation of miR-34c-5p. Up-regulation of miR-34c-5p could weaken the protective effects of Scu in cell viability, inflammatory damage and oxidative stress. The facilitation of Warburg effect by Scu was also reversed by miR-34c-5p mimic in H9c2 cells. Next, we found the mRNA and protein of ALDOA were reduced after HR injury, and these could be reversed by Scu. Downregulation of ALDOA or Mimic of miR-34c-5p could reduce the effects of Scu that maintained mRNA and protein levels of ALDOA. SiRNA of ALDOA could decrease anti-HR effects of Scu in H9c2 cell. Summarily, our study demonstrated that Scu provides cardio-protective effects against IR-induced myocardial cell injury by upregulating Warburg effect via miR-34c-5p/ALDOA pathway in H9c2 cell model.