bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obstetric Anesthesia Procedure-based Workload and Facility Utilization of Society of Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology Centers of Excellence Designated Institutions
Authors: Im M. , Riley E.T. , Hoang D. , Lim G. , Zakowski M. , Carvalho B. 
Published: May 2023

(Anesth Analg. 2022;135:1142–1150)
Determining appropriate and adequate staffing is essential for obstetric anesthesia care to safeguard favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes. Despite this, the optimal workload of obstetric anesthesia staff has yet to be determined, possibly because of the unpredictable and ever-changing needs within the obstetric clinical setting. This study aimed to define anesthesia time-based staffing workloads among the 53 Society of Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology (SOAP) Centers of Excellence (COE) and to offer procedure-based workload ratios that other institutions can utilize to help guide obstetric anesthesia staffing decisions.
Learning From the Law: A Review of 21 Years of Litigation for Anesthetic Negligence Resulting in Peripartum Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: McCombe K. , Bogod D.G. 
Published: May 2023

(Anaesthesia. 2022;77:919–928)
The authors of this study reviewed 367 negligence claims in the United Kingdom in order to highlight anesthesia-service related errors. Specifically, they reviewed cases of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), which is caused by interrupted oxygen supply to the fetal/neonatal brain. The causes and effects range, but HIE may lead to a neonate requiring lifelong care. Verified maternity negligent claims are expensive and represent a comparatively large quantity of claims submitted to and granted by the NHSLA. In addition, because peripartum HIE is so severe, millions of pounds can be awarded decades after the inciting incident took place. Anesthetists are often included in obstetric and HIE negligence claims as they play an integral role in the wellbeing of both mother and child.
Abortion Access as a Racial Justice Issue
Authors: Kozhimannil K.B. , Hassan A. , Hardeman R.R. 
Published: May 2023

(N Engl J Med. 2022;387:1537–1539)
Improvement of racial equity in health care is a significant priority for research and policy, as disparity in outcomes is readily apparent. The landmark US Supreme Court ruling on Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health in June 2022 severely constrained access to abortion, a procedure considered an essential element of comprehensive reproductive care. The legal status of abortion impacts the civil rights of all with the capacity for pregnancy, but has strong reverberations in the Black and Indigenous populations of the United States, who have historically suffered from acute reproductive oppression. Abortion access is proposed as a racial justice issue that should be addressed by policymakers, health care organizations and clinicians.
Trends in Active Treatment of Live-born Neonates Between 22 Weeks 0 Days and 25 Weeks 6 Days by Gestational Age and Maternal Race and Ethnicity in the United States, 2014-2020
Authors: Venkatesh K.K. , Lynch C.D. , Constantine M.M. , Backes C.H. , Slaughter J.L. , Frey H.A. , Huang X. , Landon M.B. , Klebanoff M.A. , Khan S.S. , Grobman W.A. 
Published: May 2023

(JAMA. 2022;328:652–662)
In 2015, 0.4% of all deliveries in the United States occurred between 22 weeks 0 days gestation and 25 weeks 6 days gestation, but these periviable births accounted for 40% of neonatal deaths. Decisions regarding treatment of these neonates can be difficult and involve several factors, most of all gestational age at delivery, but also parental preferences, neonatal characteristics, obstetric characteristics, and clinician characteristics. Neonatal morbidity and mortality varies by race, with a higher mortality rate for Black infants compared with White infants. Previous data from more than a decade ago suggests there may be racial disparities in treatment decisions for periviable neonates. This study aimed to explore treatment decisions among this cohort of neonates from 2014 to 2020 and investigate whether these decisions vary by maternal race and ethnicity.
Predictors and Hospital Outcomes in Pregnant Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Van den Bosch O.F.C. , Chaudhry R. , Wicker J. , Balki M. 
Published: May 2023

(Anesth Analg. 2022;135:1172–1179)
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use, advanced cardiorespiratory support for patients with decreased cardiac or respiratory function, has been on the rise. ECMO for pregnant women has also become more common, however, studies on ECMO often lack inclusion of parturients. Given a lack of information regarding appropriate timing and indications for ECMO for pregnant women, this study seeks to identify in-hospital mortality and morbidity rates for parturients who underwent ECMO.
Severe Maternal Morbidity in Scotland
Authors: Masterson J.A. , Adamestam I. , Beatty M. , Boardman J.P. , Johnston P. , Joss J. , Lawrence H. , Litchfield K. , Walsh T.S. , Wise A. , Wood R. , Weir C.J. , Denison F.C. , Lone N.I. 
Published: May 2023

(Anaesthesia. 2022;77:971–980)
The rate of maternal mortality in the United Kingdom is at its lowest in history. Studying severe maternal morbidity may give insights into how to further reduce both mortality and morbidity in pregnancy and childbirth. This study aimed to report on the incidence of severe maternal morbidity in the United Kingdom, and associated risk factors, by creating a composite measure of maternal morbidity.
Causes of Perinatal Deaths in Australia: Slow Progress in the Preterm Period
Authors: Tnadal K. , Bimal G. , Flenady  , Gordon A. , Farrell T. , Davies-Tuck M. 
Published: May 2023

(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2022;62:511–517)
The rate of stillbirth in Australia decreased from 25% to 15% over the last 20 years. Ninety percent of Australian stillbirths are born before 28 gestational weeks (EGA), and the number of deaths following preterm birth in Australia has remained stable. Despite perinatal and neonatal death being relatively similar, many studies attempt to ignore their similarities and focus on one of them. This study researched the impact of EGA on preterm stillbirth and neonatal death to identify where future research should focus.
A Step Toward Better Audit: The Robson Ten Group Classification System for Outcomes Other Than Cesarean Section
Authors: Savchenko J. , Ladfors L. , Hjertberg L. , Hildebrand E. , Wendel S.B. 
Published: May 2023

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2022;101:827–835)
The Robson groups, a classification system created in 2001 by Michael S. Robson, is utilized for the review of cesarean delivery (CD) rates across different groups of parturients based on parity, number of fetuses, fetal presentation, gestational age, and mode of onset of labor. This study investigated if the Robson Ten System can be extended to studying and comparing other attributes of delivery besides CD such as obstetric and sphincter injury (OASIS), operative vaginal delivery (OVD), Apgar scores, and postpartum hemorrhage.
The Bupivacaine Story: A Tribute to George A. Albright, MD (1931-2020)
Authors: Larson C.P. , Youssefzadeh K. , Moon J.S. 
Published: May 2023

(Anesth Analg. 2022;135:1115–1119)
In 1978, George A. Albright, MD (1931-2020) presented an editorial for publication titled, “Cardiac Arrest Following Regional Anesthesia with Etidocaine or Bupivacaine.” Starting in 1963, bupivacaine became a promising local anesthetic used around the world. At a time when bupivacaine during obstetric anesthesia was a standard practice, George Albright’s manuscript reported 5 cases showed that bupivacaine was associated with an increased mortality rate compared with other local anesthetics during epidurals or brachial plexus blocks. Raising the question of bupivacaine cardiotoxicity and calling for further investigation of bupivacaine use sparked controversy. C. Philip Larson, MDCM, MS, Professor and Chair of the Department of Anesthesia at Stanford and Editor-in-Chief of Anesthesiology at the time of Dr. Albright’s editorial submission, decided to publish the piece despite it receiving harsh criticism from expert reviewers. Dr Albright’s controversial editorial ultimately led to several important anesthesiology advancements, including laboratory studies proving bupivacaine cardiotoxicity, the discontinuation of bupivacaine 0.75% epidurally in clinic, safeguards before incremental anesthetic injection, development of less toxic local anesthetics, and further research into intravenous lipid emulsion to counteract adverse effects of bupivacaine cardiotoxicity. Stemming from Dr. Albright’s research, from 1983 to 1999, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a black box warning against 0.75% bupivacaine use during obstetric anesthesia.
The Role of Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Metodiev Y. , Lucas D.N. 
Published: May 2023

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2022;51:103548)
Neuraxial anesthesia is the most utilized anesthetic technique for obstetric purposes, but general anesthesia (GA) is sometimes used in cesarean deliveries (CD) and rare other scenarios. In obstetric GA cases, the most common scenario is an IV induction followed by maintenance through inhaled volatile halogenated anesthetic gas. Outside of obstetrics, total intravenous aesthesia (TIVA) is gaining popularity because it causes fewer environmental concerns and exhibits superior recovery when compared to inhaled anesthesia. However, there are also potential drawbacks and not much has been published regarding the use of TIVA for CD. This paper is a review of the evidence available regarding both the benefits and the barriers of TIVA for CDs.
The impact of new and emerging agents on outcomes for febrile neutropenia: addressing clinical gaps
Authors: Crawford Jeffrey , Oswalt Cameron 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review
While chemotherapy treatment options for patients with solid and hematologic malignancies have dramatically improved over recent years, chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) and febrile neutropenia (FN) remain major barriers to delivering treatment at full doses and optimal timing. Despite concurrent advances in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration, multiple barriers to the administration of and disparities in the access to these agents remain. The introduction of new, emerging agents, including biosimilars and novel therapies show promise in improving outcomes for CIN.

Recent findings
The introduction of biosimilar filgrastim products has improved access to G-CSF administration by driving marketplace competition and has reduced costs for both patients and healthcare systems without sacrificing efficacy. Emerging therapies to address similar issues include long-acting G-CSF products, efbemalenograstim alfa and eflapegrastin-xnst, as well as agents with novel mechanisms of action, plinabulin and trilaciclib. These agents have shown efficacy and cost-saving benefits in certain populations and disease groups.

Summary
Multiple emerging agents show promise in decreasing the burden of CIN. Use of these therapies will reduce access disparities and will improve outcomes for patients with cancer receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. Many ongoing trials are underway to evaluate the roles of these agents for more widespread use.
New treatments for desmoid tumors
Authors: Kasper Bernd 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review
Desmoid tumor is a rare disease of intermediate malignancy characterized by a locally aggressive monoclonal, fibroblastic proliferation and accompanied by a variable and often unpredictable clinical course. The purpose of this review is to give an overview on the emerging new systemic treatment options for this intriguing disease for which no established or approved drugs are available yet.

Recent findings
Over decades, surgical resection has been the established initial treatment approach; however, more recently, a paradigm shift has been introduced towards a more conservative treatment strategy. Almost 10 years ago, The Desmoid Tumor Working Group has initiated a consensus process initially in Europe and then globally with the intention to harmonize the therapeutic strategy amongst clinicians and set up management recommendations for desmoid tumor patients.

Summary
This review will summarize and focus on the latest emerging impressive data on the use of gamma secretase inhibitors in this disease paving a possible future perspective in the treatment armamentarium for desmoid tumor patients.
Adjuvant and neoadjuvant approaches in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Conroy Thierry , Lambert Aurélien , Ducreux Michel 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review
Pancreatic cancer treatment remains a challenging problem for surgeons and oncologists. This review aims to summarize the current advances on adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment approaches for resectable pancreatic cancer.

Recent findings
Recent phase III randomized trials of adjuvant therapy showed improvement of overall survival in both experimental and control groups. Effectiveness of adjuvant therapy in specific subgroups as elderly patients, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, stage I, and DNA damage repair gene germline variants has been reported. Completion of all cycles of planned adjuvant chemotherapy is confirmed as an independent prognostic factor. Adjuvant chemotherapy remains underutilized, mainly because of early recurrence, prolonged recovery, or older age older than 75 years. So, neoadjuvant treatment is a logical approach to administer systemic treatment to more patients. Meta-analysis did not demonstrate an overall survival benefit of neoadjuvant treatments in resectable pancreatic cancer, and definitive conclusions cannot be drawn from available randomized controlled trials. Upfront surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy should still be considered a standard approach in resectable pancreatic cancer.

Summary
Adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFIRINOX remains the standard of care in fit patients with resected pancreatic cancer, and limited high-level evidence support the use of neoadjuvant therapy in upfront resectable pancreatic cancer.
PROMIS Profile-29 is a valid instrument with distinct advantages over legacy instruments for measuring the quality of life in chronic liver disease
Authors: Desai Archita P. , Madathanapalli Abhishek , Tang Qing , Orman Eric S. , Lammert Craig , Patidar Kavish R. , Nephew Lauren D. , Ghabril Marwan , Monahan Patrick O. , Chalasani Naga 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims:
The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is increasingly used to measure health-related quality of life, yet, it has not been well-studied in chronic liver disease (CLD). This study compares PROMIS Profile-29 to Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) in patients with CLD.

Approach and Results:
In all, 204 adult outpatients with CLD completed PROMIS-29, CLDQ, SF-36 and usability questionnaires. Mean scores were compared between groups, the correlation between domain scores was assessed, and floor/ceiling effects were calculated. Etiologies of CLD were NAFLD (44%), hepatitis C (16%), and alcohol (16%). Fifty-three percent had cirrhosis and 33% were Child-Pugh B/C with a mean model for end-stage liver disease score of 12.0. In all 3 tools, the poorest scores were in physical function and fatigue. The presence of cirrhosis or complications was associated with worse scores in most PROMIS Profile-29 domains, indicating known group validity. Strong correlations (r ≥ 0.7) were present between Profile-29 and SF-36 or CLDQ domains measuring similar concepts, indicating strong convergent validity. Profile-29 was completed faster than SF-36 and CLDQ (5.4 ± 3.0, 6.7 ± 3.3, 6.5 ± 5.2 min, p = 0.003) and rated equally on usability. All CLDQ and SF-36 domains reached the floor or ceiling, while none were noted for Profile-29. These floor/ceiling effects were magnified when assessed in those with and without cirrhosis, indicating the improved depth of measurement by Profile-29.

Conclusions:
Profile-29 is a valid, more efficient, well-received tool that provides an improved depth of measurement when compared to SF-36 and CLDQ and, therefore, an ideal tool to measure general health-related quality of life in CLD.
Quantifying Head Position Following Vitrectomy Using a 3-Dimensional Position Sensor Embedded in a Novel Ophthalmic Shield: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mahmoudzadeh Raziyeh , Shahlaee Abtin , Soares Rebecca R. , Patel Samir N. , Xu David , Gupta Omesh P. , Chiang Allen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess head position following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) using a novel low-energy, non-intrusive 3-D position sensor platform.

Methods:
In this prospective non-randomized interventional case series, a low-energy Bluetooth smart sensor housed within a novel eye shield recorded 3-D positional data every five minutes. The device was placed on the patient immediately after PPV and data was retrieved at the postoperative day 1 visit. Readings were processed by vector analysis into 4 groups, stratified by the angle of deviation away from a completely prone head position. The primary outcome was the angle between vectors.

Results:
Ten patients were enrolled in this pilot study. The mean (SD) age was 57.5 (17.4). A total of 2318 readings with a mean (SD) of 231.8 (26.8) readings per patient were obtained. The mean (SD) number of readings were 132.9 (34.7) while awake and 98.9 (27.9) during sleep. Of total readings, only 11.7% fell into group 1 while a majority of readings fell in group 2 (52.4%), and group 3 (32.4%), and only 3.5% fell into group 4. Positional deviation increased during sleep hours, with about 46.8% of readings at a reclined angle (group 3) and 4.9% supine, which was 21.6% and 2.5% respectively during the wake time (p<0.001, p=0.002, respectively).

Conclusion:
In this pilot study, a non-intrusive wireless 3-D position sensor-shield platform was tolerated well and capable of capturing positional data. Adherence to face-down positioning was low and positional deviation increased significantly while sleeping.
Discriminant ability of the shock index, modified shock index, and reverse shock index multiplied by the Glasgow coma scale on mortality in adult trauma patients: a PATOS retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Tse-Hao , Wu Meng-Yu , Do Shin Sang , Jamaluddin Sabariah F. , Son Do Ngoc , Hong Ki Jeong , Jen-Tang Sun , Tanaka Hideharu , Hsiao Chien-Han , Hsieh Shang-Lin , Chien Ding-Kuo , Tsai Weide , Chang Wen-Han , Chiang Wen-Chu ,   The PATOS Clinical Research Network
Published: May 2023

Background:
The shock index (SI) predicts short-term mortality in trauma patients. Other shock indices have been developed to improve discriminant accuracy. The authors examined the discriminant ability of the SI, modified SI (MSI), and reverse SI multiplied by the Glasgow Coma Scale (rSIG) on short-term mortality and functional outcomes.

Methods:
The authors evaluated a cohort of adult trauma patients transported to emergency departments. The first vital signs were used to calculate the SI, MSI, and rSIG. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves and test results were used to compare the discriminant performance of the indices on short-term mortality and poor functional outcomes. A subgroup analysis of geriatric patients with traumatic brain injury, penetrating injury, and nonpenetrating injury was performed.

Results:
A total of 105 641 patients (49±20 years, 62% male) met the inclusion criteria. The rSIG had the highest areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for short-term mortality (0.800, CI: 0.791–0.809) and poor functional outcome (0.596, CI: 0.590–0.602). The cutoff for rSIG was 18 for short-term mortality and poor functional outcomes with sensitivities of 0.668 and 0.371 and specificities of 0.805 and 0.813, respectively. The positive predictive values were 9.57% and 22.31%, and the negative predictive values were 98.74% and 89.97%. rSIG also had better discriminant ability in geriatrics, traumatic brain injury, and nonpenetrating injury.

Conclusion:
The rSIG with a cutoff of 18 was accurate for short-term mortality in Asian adult trauma patients. Moreover, rSIG discriminates poor functional outcomes better than the commonly used SI and MSI.
The role of robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in testicular cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ge Si , Zeng Zhiqiang , Li Yunxiang , Gan Lijian , Meng Chunyang , Li Kangsen , Wang Zuoping , Zheng Lei 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
To compare the safety and efficacy of robotic-assisted retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RA-RPLND) versus non-robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (NR-RPLND) in testicular cancer.

Methods:
The statistical analysis software used Stata17. The weighted mean difference (WMD) represents the continuous variable, and the dichotomous variable chooses the odds ratio (OR), and calculates the 95% confidence interval (95% CI). This systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA criteria, and AMSTAR guidelines (assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews). The Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched. The upper limit of the search time frame was February 2023, and no lower limit was set.

Results:
Seven studies involving 862 patients. Compared with open retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, RA-RPLND appears to have a shorter length of stay (WMD=−1.21, 95%CI [−1.66, −0.76], P<0.05), less estimated blood loss (WMD=−0.69, 95%CI [−1.07, −0.32], P<0.05), and lower overall complications (OR=0.45, 95%CI [0.28, 0.73], P<0.05). RA-RPLND appears to have more lymph node yields than laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (WMD=5.73, 95% CI [1.06, 10.40], P<0.05). However, robotic versus open/laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection had similar results in operation time, lymph node positivity rate, recurrence during follow-up, and postoperative ejaculation disorders.

Conclusion:
Robotic-assisted retroperitoneal lymph node dissection appears to be safe and effective for testicular cancer, but longer follow-up and more studies are needed to confirm this.
Evaluation of the Validity of Endoscopic Transpapillary Gallbladder Drainage for Acute Cholecystitis Based on the Tokyo Guidelines 2018
Authors: Suzuki Keiichi , Naito Hirofumi , Naito Eri , Sasaki Taketo , Yoshikawa Yusuke , Omagari Kenshi , Yoshitake Naoto , Koike Takero , Hashimoto Takeo , Tamura Akihiko 
Published: May 2023

Goals:
We evaluated the validity of endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage (ETGBD) as a bridging therapy prior to elective Lap-C for the patients with acute cholecystitis (AC)

Background:
The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 recommend early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Lap-C) for patients with AC, however, some patients require the preoperative drainage because of inadequate for early Lap-C du to background and comorbidities.

Study:
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using data from our hospital records from 2018–2021. In total, 71 cases of 61 patients with AC underwent ETGBD.

Results:
The technical success rate was 85.9%. Patients in the failure group had more complicated branching of the cystic duct. The length of time until feeding was started and until WBC levels normalized, and the length of hospital stay were significantly shorter in the success group. The median waiting period for surgery was 39 days in the ETGBD success cases. The median operating time, amount of bleeding, and length of postoperative hospital stay were 134 min, 83.2g, and 4 days, respectively. In patients who underwent Lap-C, the waiting period for surgery and the operating time were similar between the ETGBD success and failure groups. However, the temporary discharge period after drainage and the length of postoperative hospital stay were significantly longer in the patients with ETGBD failure.

Conclusions:
Our study revealed that ETGBD has equivalent efficacy prior to elective Lap-C despite some challenges that lower its success rate. Preoperativ ETGBD can improve patient quality of life by eliminating the need for a drainage tube.