bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEASURING WORKPLACE LEARNING CONDITIONS FOR NURSING STAFF IN LONG-TERM GERIATRIC CARE
Authors: Van Lierop Merel (E A ) , Meijers Judith , van Rossum Erik , Zwakhalen Sandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To deal with challenges in practice such as workload and complexity in long-term care delivery, learning in practice (workplace learning) is becoming increasingly important. Nursing staff needs to take the lead and learn continuously in practice using a bottom up approach to promote workplace learning. Therefore, insight in workplace learning conditions (like work culture and learning climate) in long-term care is necessary. Based on these insights, nurses can define challenges and goals on how to stimulate workplace learning. Currently, no instruments are available that measure these conditions in the long-term nursing care setting in a snap shot. Therefore, the goal of this study was to develop a quick-scan to measure workplace learning conditions for nursing staff in long-term geriatric care. This quick-scan was developed in 3 steps: (1) investigating how to measure conditions for workplace learning, (2) selecting appropriate measurement tools to measure conditions for workplace learning, and (3) testing the feasibility of the quick-scan in practice. As a result, the final feasible quick-scan measured 11 conditions regarding workplace learning: (1) Trust: values and culture, (2) Team: support and management, (3) Colleagues: support and respect, (4) Constraints in undertaking the job, (5) Urgency, (6) Learner agency, (7) Collaboration, (8) Hybrid learning, (9) Coaching, (10) Flexibility – formal and informal learning, and (11) Assessment-as-learning. Additionally, questions were added regarding availability of sources for learning, knowledge and skills, and communication. Validated questionnaires that were included were the Culture of Care Barometer and HILL model questionnaire.
CALL FOR ACTION: STRENGTHENING LONG-TERM CARE IN NEPAL
Authors: Dhakal Usha , McLaughlin Sara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to introduce the existing long-term care (LTC) system in Nepal, identify key emerging issues, and provide possible policy recommendations for addressing weaknesses in the current system. Although the majority of older Nepali adults rely on their adult children for care, this traditional care arrangement is weakening for a variety of reasons. As a result, older Nepali adults increasingly seek care elsewhere such as “old age homes” (OAH), which generally meet only their basic needs. More recently, adult day centers have been established that enable older Nepali to receive help with personal care and instrumental tasks and/or health care needs in the absence of their families; however, they are primarily located in big cities and largely limited to those who can afford to pay. With a growing older population and societal changes that make familial care increasingly challenging for adult children, the Government of Nepal must foster the development of a sustainable system of LTC. This will necessarily involve building and sustaining a skilled geriatric workforce, capitalizing on the natural “villages” that have existed in Nepal for hundreds of years, and standardizing and monitoring the operation of LTC facilities. Additionally, public service campaigns to help destigmatize the use of OAH and day centers and integration of home and community-based services to make care arrangements locally could help make these newer LTC approaches more acceptable. Finally, nationally representative studies aimed at understanding the health and care needs of Nepal’s rapidly increasing older population is of utmost priority.
THE EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM GENEROSITY ON DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG OLDER AMERICANS
Authors: Lu Peiyi , Kezios Katrina , Zeki Adina , Hazzouri Al 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Food insecurity has been indicated to associate with more depressive symptoms. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is an established anti-poverty government program that targets food insecurity. The goal of this study was to assess whether SNAP generosity, defined at the state level, impacts the relationship of food insecurity and depressive symptoms among older Americans. We linked state-level SNAP policy data to the individual-level data of older adults (aged 60+) from the longitudinal Health and Retirement Study (Nf12,801). Our study baseline was survey year 2000. A state is considered SNAP generous when it eliminates income/assets limit from its SNAP eligibility criteria. All HRS participants reported their food insecurity status and depressive symptoms biennially. Participants were followed until 2018. We conducted state fixed-effect models adjusted for demographic and health measures. Results indicate household food insecurity was associated with higher risk of elevated depressive symptoms (OR=1.83, 95%CI=1.61, 2.07) from a fixed effect logistic model, and this effect was stronger when living in non-generous states compared with generous states though confidence intervals were too wide to be conclusive (OR_interaction =1.09, 95% CI= 0.83, 1.42). The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was 0.17 (95%CI= -0.30, 0.63). Our study finding suggested that there is no to weak evidence that state-level SNAP generosity may alleviate or offset the risk of depressive symptoms associated with food-insecurity.
A COLLABORATIVE AUTOETHNOGRAPHY OF FOREIGN-BORN FACULTY IN THE FIELD OF AGING
Authors: Liou Chih-ling , Kalaw Karel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We draw from our personal insights as foreign-born females in the U.S. to explore how our minority status has affected our experiences/identities as faculty in the field of aging. We practiced intersectionality by considering how our understandings of “foreignness” in academia and the aging field are intertwined with other markers of difference, including race, national origin, language, and academic programs. We also draw from tenets of collaborative autoethnography to engage two autoethnographies from two countries in Asia to pool their lived experiences and collaboratively analyze and interpret them for commonalities and differences. We begin by sharing stories about graduate study pursuits and becoming faculty in the U.S. We note how our foreignness shapes our lives as aging scholars in the U.S. academy and our personal views on aging. After exchanging our first set of writings, we identified key experiences to focus on in the subsequent writing periods. Our minority backgrounds, teaching aging subjects, and using qualitative methodology are shared identification. However, our personal stories within the U.S. society and within the academy also diverge our identities and aging experiences from each other. Moreover, the themes that deal directly with identity development and the perception of aging provide a deep understanding of aging among the non-native-born population. This study highlights the value of collaborative autoethnography as a method of inquiry and reflection. Findings demonstrate that non-native-born female faculty in the field of aging faced multi-faceted challenges in both professional and personal realms. Implications for supporting foreign-born female aging scholars are discussed.
ENGAGING AND SUPPORTING FAMILY CAREGIVERS IN CARE DELIVERY: RECOMMENDATIONS FROM A NATIONAL CONSENSUS CONFERENCE
Authors: Riffin Catherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This presentation, by Consensus Conference Director, Dr. Riffin, will describe the major priorities identified by the 2021 Conference on Engaging Family Caregivers of Persons with Dementia in Healthcare Delivery. Recommendations centered on the need for multidisciplinary collaborations that attend to (1) Identification and assessment of dementia caregivers in care delivery settings, (2) Reimbursement and financing for caregiver assessment and support, (3) Caregiver training and support across the care continuum, (4) Healthcare provider education on family-centered care, and (5) Technology innovations that support dementia caregivers. Across all areas, there was consensus regarding the need to leverage implementation science to promote the uptake of evidence-based interventions in clinical practice and use community-driven approaches to engage stakeholders from traditionally marginalized groups in future and ongoing initiatives. Findings are being used to inform federal agencies and foundations about high-priority areas, provide guidance to national committees, and accelerate programmatic research on caregiver engagement and support.
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT USE FOR DENTAL PROBLEMS AMONG MEDICARE FEE-FOR-SERVICE OLDER ADULTS IN THE U.S. (2016 TO 2020)
Authors: Dahal Roshani , Jarosek Stephanie , Virnig Beth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Medicare Fee-for-Service (FFS) does not include dental coverage for older adults (65 years of age and older) but does cover emergency visits for dental problems. This study leverages Medicare Limited Data Sets to examine the use of emergency department (ED) for preventable, non-traumatic dental conditions (NTDCs) among Medicare FFS older adults from 2016 to 2020. Nationally, ~43.6 million beneficiaries sought care at the ED (average: ~8.7 million annually). Among these, ~550,000 ED visits (1.27%; ~110K annually) were for NTDCs as one of the diagnosis codes and ~200,000 ED visits (0.45%; ~40K annually) were for NTDCs as a primary diagnosis. Approximately, 5–6% of older adults with ED-NTDCs have multiple visits (94% with 1 ED-NTDC visit annually). Rates were similar in most years; however, ED use was lower in 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic). The most common diagnosis reasons include periapical abscess (tooth infection), sialadenitis, dental caries, jaw pain, and lesions of oral mucosa. Younger (65 to 74 years) and Black older adults were more likely to have primary ED-NTDC visits. Medicare paid ~$190 million for ED-NTDC visits (average: $38 million annually). Costs vary by inpatient (9%) and outpatient visits (91%). For ED-NTDCs as a primary diagnosis, the average Medicare payments for outpatient and inpatient visits were approximately $330 and $8,100, respectively. ED use for NTDCs indicates inappropriate use of valuable resources, because care provided in the EDs is incomplete (e.g., antibiotics, pain medication). Lack of follow-up with a dentist likely results in return ED visits, thus increasing costs to beneficiaries and public programs.
CHILDHOOD ADVERSITY IMPACTS PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT ACROSS ADULTHOOD
Authors: Miller Sarah , Willard Meredith , Alderson Jacob , Turiano Nicholas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Throughout adulthood, people’s personalities typically change favorably such that agreeableness and conscientiousness increase, and neuroticism decreases. However, the impact of early life adversity on these changes in personality has yet to be examined. We utilized data from 6,382 community dwelling adults (ages 25–75) that completed 3-waves of the Midlife Development in the U.S. Study (MIDUS) in 1995–96, 2005–06, and 2013–14. Early life adversity was computed using 16 retrospective items assessing emotional and physical abuse, socioeconomic disadvantage, familial instability, and early-life poor health. Personality was assessed with the Big 5 MIDI measure. Latent growth curves confirmed there was significant variability in change over the ~20 year follow-up (all RMSEAS &lt; .06; and CFI/TLI &gt; .96). More specifically, higher levels of early adversity predicted higher initial levels of neuroticism, and lower levels of conscientiousness and extraversion. Additionally, higher adversity predicted a steeper decrease in neuroticism across 20-years (all p’s &lt; .05). Examination of specific adversity types revealed that emotional abuse and having poor health at a young age were especially detrimental to personality development. This research provides evidence that high levels of adverse experiences in childhood predict unfavorable personality development throughout adulthood. Moreover, this research demonstrates that early life adversity, especially certain types, can have lifelong detrimental effects on development. Interventions for those who have experienced adversity should be implemented as early in life as possible to prevent suboptimal psychological development trajectories. Such interventions could improve life outcomes if personality development is more normalized.
‘THEY ASKED ME TO JOIN; I JOINED:’ LESSONS FOR SENIOR CENTERS ON SUPPORTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Chard Sarah , Schumacher John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Among older adults, physical activity (PA) remains a foundation for maintaining and improving health. However, over 25% of adults aged ≥ 50 engage in no physical activity outside of work hours (CDC 2016). PA does correlate with senior center participation but little is known about the social factors that contribute to sustaining senior center PA routines. We report on findings from qualitative interviews conducted with Black older adults (Nf22) on the “story” of their senior center involvement, particularly their PA participation. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim; co-authors independently conducted a line-by-line analysis to identify themes. They then reconciled and sorted themes. Four themes provided insights on participants’ PA engagement: 1) Retirement as opportunity; 2) Invitation and welcome; 3) Physician messaging; and 4) Sense of community. Participants strongly connected retirement with the opportunity to engage in regular PA; work and family obligations previously prevented PA in daily life. Participants also linked trying new PA programs to the senior center’s culture of extending one-to-one invitations. Physician messaging specifically “to exercise” provided additional validation for prioritizing senior center PA within daily schedules. Finally, a sense of community, of being missed if not attending, provided further incentive to sustain PA routines. These findings provide guidance and simple lessons that senior centers can employ to encourage participation in their PA programming. The themes may also inform the design of survey research examining patterns of PA among older adults.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN DEMENTIA PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS
Authors: Kakarla Prabhash , Ramirez Madieska , Alvarez Jessica , Gieniusz Marzena , Swartz Ann , Tarima Sergey , Nouryan Chris , Burns Edith 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Many studies have explored the benefits of physical activity (PA) in mitigating risk for and symptoms of dementia. However, there are challenges to implementing PA with dementia patients. We conducted an acceptability/feasibility study of PA in patients with Dementia and their caregivers. A semi-structured telephone interview was conducted. Questions piloted with 2 independent faculty for content validity. A random sample of 10 participants was recruited from patient-caregiver dyads enrolled in an Alzheimer’s Dementia Care program (ADCP) at an academic geriatrics practice. Responses manually recorded and personal health information omitted. Descriptive statistics generated using SPSS and response themes categorized by the authors. Major themes included lack of time for caregivers; time requirement would increase caregiver burden (50%). Caregivers of patients with home health aides were less likely to consider time a barrier. Other themes included functional status as a challenge (40%), difficulty motivating patient (40%), unsteady gait (20%), difficulty using devices for video-based exercise (20%). Caregivers expressed preference for asynchronous, in-home PA that could be adapted to their schedules and patient capabilities. Although PA is beneficial for patients with dementia, multiple challenges to PA implementation exist. Main barriers are time requirements and greater caregiver burden. Time would be required to motivate patients, assist with managing technology, and functional impairment that poses potential risk of injury (e.g., gait instability). Engaging Home Health Aides in PA programs could address some of these barriers. Alternative PA (i.e.: chair exercises) could be a solution. Responses will be utilized to modify a future PA intervention.
OBESE AFRICAN AMERICAN OLDER WOMEN’S EFFECT OF EXERCISE TRAINING ON HEALTH CAPABILITIES AND LIFE SATISFACTION
Authors: Cho Dongwook , Kim Sung Kyeom 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a 12-week exercise course influences obese African American older women’s health capabilities and life satisfaction levels. Participants, who passed an initial screening and pre-assessment, were asked to measure current health capabilities and life satisfaction levels both prior to, and following, the 12-week exercise training. Researchers found that improvement in health capabilities, although there were no significant differences following exercise training participation, while obese African American older women had significantly higher life satisfaction levels. The findings suggest that a 12-week exercise training can be beneficial to enhance obese African American older women’s health capabilities and life satisfaction levels. Professionals in the field of gerontology and exercise should provide the appropriate exercise trainings so that obese African American older women would be able to optimize their life satisfaction levels.
INFLUENCE OF ASPIRIN ON AGING SKELETAL MUSCLE SIZE
Authors: Fountain William , Naruse Masatoshi , Claiborne Alex , Finch Holmes , Trappe Scott , Trappe Todd 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aspirin is one of the most commonly consumed cyclooxygenase (COX)-inhibitors and anti-inflammatory drugs and may provide insight into the control of age-related skeletal muscle atrophy. This investigation compared skeletal muscle size (via computed tomography) of older individuals from the Health ABC study that did not consume aspirin or any other COX-inhibiting drug (non-consumers; n=1,155, 74±3y, 48% women, 45% black) to those that consumed aspirin daily (and not any other COX-inhibiting drug) and for at least one year (aspirin consumers; n=515, 74±3y, 39% women, 30% black, average aspirin consumption: 6y). In white and black men, the long-term aspirin consumers had significantly larger quadriceps muscle size compared to non-consumers (p &lt; 0.05). In white men only, these differences were influenced by age (p &lt; 0.05). In white and black women, quadriceps muscle size was not different between the aspirin consumers and non-consumers (p&gt;0.05). In men and women of either race, there was no hamstrings muscle size difference between the aspirin consumers and non-consumers (p&gt;0.05). These data suggest that long-term regulation of the COX pathway with the common over-the-counter drug aspirin may impact aging muscle mass in a sex and muscle group specific fashion, which is supported by previous mechanistic human and animal studies.
EFFECTS OF FLAVANOL (+)-EPICATECHIN ON SKELETAL MUSCLE OF AGED RATS
Authors: Ramirez-Sanchez Israel , Navarrete Viridiana , Galera Leonor , Villarreal Francisco 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized age-related skeletal muscle (SkM) disorder characterized by the accelerated loss of muscle mass (atrophy) and function. SkM atrophy is associated with increased incidence of falls, functional decline, frailty and mortality. In its early stage, SkM atrophy is associated with oxidative stress, increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and proteasome-mediated protein degradation. These processes also link to the activation of atrophy associated factors and signaling pathways which lack any approved, targeted pharmacotherapy. We have characterized the capacity of flavanols specifically, epicatechin to favorably modulate SkM mass and function in animal models of SkM disease and in proof of concept studies in humans including muscular dystrophies. In this study we wished to evaluate the capacity of this flavanol to ameliorate aging associated sarcopenia. Using 24-month-old male rats a 4 week oral administration of the flavanol (+)-epicatechin (1mg/kg/day) was implemented while control rats only received vehicle (water). SkM strength (grip) and endurance (treadmill walk), muscle size, (muscle mass, cross sectional area of fibers), ubiquitin-proteasome atrophic pathway (including myostatin, Murf1 and Atrogin1 by Western blots) and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in gastrocnemius were quantified. We also analyzed a relevant protein synthesis pathway (IGF/AKT/mTOR). The use of (+)-epicatechin in aged rats led to significant changes as follows: 1) improved SkM mass and function, 2) downregulation of atrophic pathway, 3) reduced levels of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines and, 4) upregulation of protein synthesis pathway. Given its safety and tolerance profile this agent warrant its rigorous investigation in clinical trials.
EFFECTS OF A SIX-MONTH EXERCISE PROGRAM ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH CHRONIC CONDITIONS
Authors: Malani Revati , Erlenbach Emily , McAuley Edward , Gothe Neha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Health benefits of structured physical activity (PA) for older adults have been well documented. Older adults are highly impacted with major chronic conditions, leading to limitations in daily activities. This study examined the effects of an exercise program on moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time after six months of exercise. Participants from a larger-ongoing trial were randomized into either yoga, aerobic or stretch-tone groups. A subsample of 58 participants was classified as chronic individuals (CI) based on presence of at least one chronic condition, and 31 as healthy individuals (HI), who completed accelerometer measures before and after the exercise program. A repeated measures analysis was performed to identify changes in PA over time for HI and CI. At both time-points, MVPA was significantly higher for HI. There was a significant increase in MVPA at month six for all participants, irrespective of health status. Mean MVPA in minutes for baseline HI: 153, CI: 98 and for month 6 HI: 188 CI: 116. There were no significant differences in sedentary time after the six-months of exercise. Although there was an increase in MVPA for HI and CI after structured exercise, no change was noted for sedentary time. Increased sedentary time has been proven to be a risk factor for poor health and although meeting criteria for MVPA is important, it is essential to address sedentary time in CI by implementing educational and interventional components that focus specifically on sedentary time. Funding: This data is from NCT04323163 funded by NIH-NIA – grant-AG066630.