bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinematics and muscle activity of the lower limb during single-leg stance on the two sides of the Togu Jumper
Authors: Mayer Petra , Sebesi Balázs , Vadász Kitty , Laczkó József , Zentai Norbert , Balázs Bence , Váczi Márk 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Togu Jumper is a both sides utilized balance training device, which consists of an inflated rubber hemisphere attached to a rigid platform. It has been shown to be effective in improving postural control but there are no recommendations for the usage of the sides. Our aim was to examine leg muscle activity and kinematics in response to a single-leg stance on the two sides of the Togu Jumper and the floor.Methods: In 14 female subjects, linear acceleration of leg segments, segmental angular sway, and myoelectric activity of 8 leg muscles were recorded in the three stance conditions.Results: Except gluteus medius and gastrocnemius medialis, all muscles were more active when balancing on either Togu Jumper side compared to the floor (p &lt; 0.001), but there was no difference between the two sides in any muscles. Linear acceleration was the greatest in the frontal plane on the flat Togu side in the case of the foot (p &lt; 0.001). Pelvis acceleration was unaffected by the balance conditions. Segmental angular sway was the greatest in the frontal plane, on the bladder side in the foot segment (p &lt; 0.001). No difference was found among the three conditions (all p &gt; 0.05) in the case of the shank, thigh, and pelvis.Conclusion: The use of the two Togu Jumper sides produced different balance strategies in the foot segment and induced no difference in equilibrium procedures at the level of the pelvis.
Fundus image classification using Inception V3 and ResNet-50 for the early diagnostics of fundus diseases
Authors: Pan Yuhang , Liu Junru , Cai Yuting , Yang Xuemei , Zhang Zhucheng , Long Hong , Zhao Ketong , Yu Xia , Zeng Cui , Duan Jueni , Xiao Ping , Li Jingbo , Cai Feiyue , Yang Xiaoyun , Tan Zhen 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: We aim to present effective and computer aided diagnostics in the field of ophthalmology and improve eye health. This study aims to create an automated deep learning based system for categorizing fundus images into three classes: normal, macular degeneration and tessellated fundus for the timely recognition and treatment of diabetic retinopathy and other diseases.Methods: A total of 1,032 fundus images were collected from 516 patients using fundus camera from Health Management Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China. Then, Inception V3 and ResNet-50 deep learning models are used to classify fundus images into three classes, Normal, Macular degeneration and tessellated fundus for the timely recognition and treatment of fundus diseases.Results: The experimental results show that the effect of model recognition is the best when the Adam is used as optimizer method, the number of iterations is 150, and 0.00 as the learning rate. According to our proposed approach we, achieved the highest accuracy of 93.81% and 91.76% by using ResNet-50 and Inception V3 after fine-tuned and adjusted hyper parameters according to our classification problem.Conclusion: Our research provides a reference to the clinical diagnosis or screening for diabetic retinopathy and other eye diseases. Our suggested computer aided diagnostics framework will prevent incorrect diagnoses caused by the low image quality and individual experience, and other factors. In future implementations, the ophthalmologists can implement more advanced learning algorithms to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.
Productivity, photosynthetic light-use efficiency, nitrogen metabolism and nutritional quality of C4 halophyte Portulaca oleracea L. grown indoors under different light intensities and durations
Authors: He Jie , Gan Jia Hui Shirin , Qin Lin 
Published: February 2023

Portulaca oleracea L. (known as purslane), is a nutritious facultative C4 halophyte. Recently, it has been successfully grown indoors under LED lightings by our team. However, basic understanding about the impacts of light on purslanes are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light intensity and duration on productivity, photosynthetic light use efficiency, nitrogen metabolism and nutritional quality of indoor grown purslanes. All plants were grown in 10% artificial seawater hydroponically under different photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs) and durations and thus different daily light integrals (DLI). They are, L1 (240 µmol photon m-2 s-1, 12 h, DLI = 10.368 mol m-2 day-1); L2 (320 µmol photon m-2 s-1, 18 h, DLI = 20.736 mol m-2 day-1); L3 (240 µmol photon m-2 s-1, 24 h, DLI = 20.736 mol m-2 day-1); L4 (480 µmol photon m-2 s-1, 12 h, DLI = 20.736 mol m-2 day-1), respectively. Compared to L1, higher DLI promoted root and shoot growth and thus increased shoot productivity by 2.63-,1.96-, 3.83-folds, respectively for purslane grown under L2, L3, L4. However, under the same DLI, L3 plants (continuous light, CL) had significantly lower shoot and root productivities compared those with higher PPFDs but shorter durations (L2 and L4). While all plants had similar total chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, CL (L3) plants had significantly lower light use efficiency (Fv/Fm ratio), electron transport rate, effective quantum yield of PSII, photochemical- and non-photochemical quenching. Compared to L1, higher DLI with higher PPFDs (L2 and L4) increased leaf maximum nitrate reductase activity while longer durations increased leaf NO3− concentrations and total reduced nitrogen. There were no significant differences in leaf total soluble protein, total soluble sugar and total ascorbic acid concentrations in both leaf and stem regardless of light conditions. However, L2 plants had the highest leaf proline concentration but leaf total phenolic compounds concentration was higher in L3 plants instead. Generally, L2 plants had the highest dietary minerals such as K, Ca, Mg and Fe among the four different light conditions. Overall, L2 condition is the most suitable lighting strategy in enhancing productivity and nutritional quality of purslane.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide new insights into the appropriate harvest period in regenerated bulbs of Fritillaria hupehensis
Authors: Duan Yuanyuan , Wu Jiaqi , Wang Fanfan , Zhang Kaiqi , Guo Xiaoliang , Tang Tao , Mu Sen , You Jingmao , Guo Jie 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe bulb of Fritillaria hupehensis, a traditional cough and expectorant medicine, is usually harvested from June to September according to traditional cultivation experience, without practical scientific guidance. Although steroidal alkaloid metabolites have been identified in F. hupehensis, the dynamic changes in their levels during bulb development and their molecular regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood.MethodsIn this study, integrative analyses of the bulbus phenotype, bioactive chemical investigations, and metabolome and transcriptome profiles were performed to systematically explore the variations in steroidal alkaloid metabolite levels and identify the genes modulating their accumulation and the corresponding regulatory mechanisms.ResultsThe results showed that weight, size, and total alkaloid content of the regenerated bulbs reached a maximum at IM03 (post-withering stage, early July), whereas peiminine content reached a maximum at IM02 (withering stage, early June). There were no significant differences between IM02 and IM03, indicating that regenerated bulbs could be harvested appropriately in early June or July. Peiminine, peimine, tortifoline, hupehenine, korseveramine, delafrine, hericenone N-oxide, korseveridine, puqiedinone, pingbeinone, puqienine B, puqienine E, pingbeimine A, jervine, and ussuriedine levels were upregulated in IM02 and IM03, compared with IM01 (vigorous growth stage, early April). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis indicated that the accumulation of steroidal alkaloid metabolites mainly occurred prior to IM02. HMGR1, DXR, CAS1, CYP 90A1, and DET2 may play a positive role in peiminine, peimine, hupehenine, korseveramine, korseveridine, hericenone N-oxide, puqiedinone, delafrine, tortifoline, pingbeinone, puqienine B, puqienine E, pingbeimine A, jervine, and ussuriedine biosynthesis, whereas the downregulation of FPS1, SQE and 17-DHCR may lead to a reduction in peimisine levels. Weighted gene correlation network analysis showed that CYP 74A2-1, CYP 74A2-2, CYP 71A26-1, CYP 71A26-2, and CYP74A were negatively correlated with peiminine and pingbeimine A, whereas CYP R and CYP707A1 were positively correlated. . CYP 74A2-1 and CYP 74A2-2 may play a negative role in peimine and korseveridine biosynthesis, whereas CYP R plays a positive role. In addition, the highly expressed C2H2, HSF, AP2/ERF, HB, GRAS, C3H, NAC, MYB-related transcription factors (TFs), GARP-G2-like TFs, and WRKY may play positive roles in the accumulation of peiminine, peimine, korseveridine, and pingbeimine A.DiscussionThese results provide new insights into scientific harvesting of F. hupehensis.
A holistic perspective to predict yoga tourists’ revisit intention: An integration of the TPB and ECM model
Authors: Leou Eusebio C. , Wang Huiqing 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the pattern of visitors’ revisiting behavioral intention via the innovational approach of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT).MethodsThis research was conducted by data collection with structured questionnaires as its instrument, which was distributed among 420 yoga tourism visitors in two destinations, Mysore and Rishikesh in India. Collected data had been processed by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.ResultsThe data analysis results showed that the behavioral attitude of yoga tourism visitors can mediate the influence of behavioral intention through the satisfaction. The findings of this study include the following points: (1) the components of attitude, subjective norm and destination image apply a direct effect on the cultural and spiritual experiences of yoga tourism visitors; (2) cultural and spiritual experiences have a direct effect on the expectation confirmation and the satisfaction of yoga tourism visitors; (3) Expectation confirmation has a direct effect on the satisfaction and the behavior intention of yoga tourism visitors; and (4) Satisfaction has a direct effect on the behavior intention of yoga tourism visitors.DiscussionThis study contributed by examining the satisfaction and revisit intentions of yoga tourism visitors through an integrated study of planning behavior and expectation confirmation models, which might be refilling the scarcity of research in the tourism literature. The result of this study might offer important implications for scholars, marketers, and tourism industry to better serve this emerging niche market.
The critical role of physical frailty and function on depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in China: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Qun , Song Dan , Lin Qiuru , Tao An , Zhang Yao , Li Xilin , Qiu Xichenhui 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionWith rapid population aging in China, geriatric depression has imposed a heavy burden on public health and society. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in China. The findings of this study will contribute to the early detection and effective interventions for older adults with depressive symptoms.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among people aged ≥65 years old in urban communities in Shenzhen, China, in 2021. This study assessed depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale-5, GDS-5), physical frailty (FRAIL Scale, FS), and physical function (Katz index of independence in the Activities of Daily Living, ADL). Multiple linear regression was used to examine potential predictors of depressive symptoms.ResultsA total of 576 participants aged 71.73 ± 6.41 years were included in the analysis. More than half of them were females (53.0%). The average score of GDS-5 was 0.57 ± 1.11, with 78 (13.61%) participants with depressive symptoms (≥2). The mean scores of FS and ADL were 0.80 ± 1.08 and 9.49 ± 1.67, respectively. The final regression model indicated that those who were living alone, less satisfied with their personal life, frailer, and with worse abilities in ADL had a higher level of depression symptoms (R2 = 0.406, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe prevalence of depressive symptoms is high in this urban community-dwelling older adults in China. Given the critical role of frailty and ADL on depressive symptoms, specific attention to psychological support should be paid to older adults who are living alone and with poor physical conditions.
Prevalence and risk factors of sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder of cortisol, melatonin, and temperature among Chinese midwives
Authors: Chen Xiao-Qian , Jiang Xiu-Min , Zheng Qing-Xiang , Wang Hai-Wei , Xue Heng , Pan Yu-Qing , Liao Yan-Ping , Gao Xiao-Xia 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the influencing factors of sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder among midwives and whether circadian rhythm disorder was associated with sub-health.MethodsA multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among 91 Chinese midwives from six hospitals through cluster sampling. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire, Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0, and circadian rhythm detection. Minnesota single and population mean cosine methods were used to analyze the rhythm of cortisol, melatonin, and temperature. Binary logistic regression, nomograph model, and forest plot were performed to identify variables associated with midwives' sub-health.ResultsThere were 65 midwives with sub-health and 61, 78, and 48 midwives with non-validation of circadian rhythms of cortisol, melatonin, and temperature among 91 midwives, respectively. Midwives' sub-health was significantly related to age, duration of exercise, weekly working hours, job satisfaction, cortisol rhythm, and melatonin rhythm. Based on these six factors, the nomogram was presented with significant predictive performance for sub-health. Furthermore, cortisol rhythm was significantly associated with physical, mental, and social sub-health, whereas melatonin rhythm was significantly correlated with physical sub-health.ConclusionSub-health and circadian rhythm disorder were generally common among midwives. Nurse administrators are supposed to pay attention and take measures to prevent sub-health and circadian rhythm disorder among midwives.
High molecular weight glucose homopolymer of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) stimulates both invertebrate and mammalian immune systems
Authors: Miyashita Atsushi , Kataoka Keiko , Tsuchida Toshio , Ogasawara Akihiko Ano , Nakajima Hiroto , Takahashi Megumu , Sekimizu Kazuhisa 
Published: February 2023

There is widespread interest in the immunostimulatory effects of food-derived substances that are expected to contribute to improving human health. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) has been shown to contain potent polysaccharides for developing food materials with immunomodulatory function. In this study, immunostimulatory activity of previously uncharacterized broccoli polysaccharides was assessed using a silkworm (Bombyx mori) immunological assay (using muscle contraction as an index) across 10 commercial and 17 experimental cultivars of broccoli. For the commercial cultivars, there was a significant variation in specific activity (units/mg, measured by the silkworm-based immunological assay). For the experimental cultivars, a cultivar “winter dome” showed the highest activity. We further purified the immunostimulatory polysaccharides of “winter dome” by gel filtration. Using the silkworm-based assay, we found that the peak fraction (“Fraction II”) contained the active substance with higher specific activity than previously reported active substances (e.g., glucans). The substance appeared a heterogeneous molecular weight of more than 270 kDa. The major sugar composition of Fraction II was glucose, suggesting that glucose homopolymer is responsible for the activity. Further, Fraction II induced cytokine productions both in the silkworm (production of active B. mori paralytic peptide (BmPP) in vivo) and mouse (production of TNFα in vitro) immune system. These results suggest that glucose homopolymer of broccoli induces cytokines both in insect and mammalian immune systems, providing molecular insights to our understanding about how plant-derived substances interact with animal immune system.
The contributing external load factors to internal load during small-sided games in professional rugby union players
Authors: Zanin Marco , Azzalini Adelchi , Ranaweera Jayamini , Weaving Dan , Darrall-Jones Joshua , Roe Gregory 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate which external load variables were associated with internal load during three small-sided games (SSG) in professional rugby union players.MethodsForty professional rugby union players (22 forwards, 18 backs) competing in the English Gallagher Premiership were recruited. Three different SSGs were designed: one for backs, one for forwards, and one for both backs and forwards. General linear mixed-effects models were implemented with internal load as dependent variable quantified using Stagno's training impulse, and external load as independent variables quantified using total distance, high-speed (&gt;61% top speed) running distance, average acceleration-deceleration, PlayerLoad™, PlayerLoad™ slow (&lt;2 m·s−1), number of get-ups, number of first-man-to-ruck.ResultsInternal load was associated with different external load variables dependent on SSG design. When backs and forwards were included in the same SSG, internal load differed between positional groups (MLE = −121.94, SE = 29.03,t = −4.20).DiscussionBased on the SSGs investigated, practitioners should manipulate different constraints to elicit a certain internal load in their players based on the specific SSG design. Furthermore, the potential effect of playing position on internal load should be taken into account in the process of SSG design when both backs and forwards are included.
Long-segment common carotid occlusion presenting with limb-shaking transient ischemic attack: Case report
Authors: Jiang Qingjun , Bai Jun , Nie Shaojie , Jin Jie , Qu Lefeng 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundLimb-shaking transient ischemic attack (LS-TIA) is a rare manifestation of carotid artery occlusion. Common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) is a relatively rare condition, and both its natural history and recommendations for treatment are still unclear.Case descriptionA 67-year-old female suffered from transient episodes of unilateral limb shaking. Computer tomographic angiography (CTA) showed long-segment occlusion of the right common carotid artery. Computer tomographic perfusion (CTP) demonstrated hypoperfusion of the corpus striatum, which suggests that hemodynamic failure is a potential mechanism underlying the LS-TIA secondary to common carotid artery occlusion. The occlusion was successfully recanalized by retrograde common carotid endarterectomy, and the episodes of left limb shaking disappeared after surgery.ConclusionsThe occlusion was successfully recanalized by retrograde common carotid endarterectomy, and the episodes of left limb shaking disappeared after surgery. Hypoperfusion of the corpus striatum might be a potential mechanism underlying the LS-TIA secondary to common carotid occlusion.
Impact of the K-line in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: Analysis of sagittal cervical curvature changes and surgical outcomes
Authors: Tang Zhongxin , Chen Tailong , Tan Jun , Zhang Huafeng 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship of the K-line with sagittal cervical curvature changes and surgical outcomes in patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 84 patients with OPLL who underwent posterior cervical single-door laminoplasty. The patients were divided into a K-line-positive (+) group and a K-line-negative (−) group. Perioperative data, radiographic parameters, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsOf 84 total patients, 50 patients were in the K (+) group and 29 patients were in the K (–) group. Neurological function improved in both groups after laminoplasty. The C2–7 Cobb angle, T1 slope, and C2–7 sagittal vertical axis were significantly changed in the K(−) group compared with those in the K (+) group before the operation and at the 3-month and final follow-ups.ConclusionNeurological function was recovered in both groups, and the clinical effect on the K (+) group was better than that on the K (−) group. The cervical curvature in patients with OPLL tends to be anteverted and kyphotic after laminoplasty and is an important factor in reducing the clinical effect.
Psychological Distress Among Older Adults During the First Wave of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe
Authors: Shahaj Orjola , Ksinan Jiskrova Gabriela , Bobák Martin , Pikhart Hynek , Ksinan Albert J. 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To investigate the individual and country-level characteristics associated with the presence and worsening of psychological distress during the first wave of the pandemic among the elderly in Europe.Methods: In June-August 2020, 52,310 non-institutionalized people aged 50+ in 27 SHARE participating countries reported whether feeling depressed, anxious, lonely, and having sleep problems. For this analysis, we combined these symptoms into a count variable reflecting psychological distress. Binary measures of the worsening of each symptom were used as secondary outcomes. Multilevel zero-inflated negative binomial and binary logistic regressions were used to assess the associations.Results: Female sex, low education, multimorbidity, fewer social contacts, and higher stringency of policy measures were associated with increased distress. The worsening of all 4 distress symptoms was associated with younger age, poor health, loss of work due to the pandemic, low social contact, and high national mortality rates from COVID-19.Conclusion: The pandemic exacerbated distress symptoms for socially disadvantaged older adults and those who were already struggling with mental health. The death toll of COVID-19 in a country played a role in symptom worsening.