bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Dielectric Response of Relaxor Ferroelectric (1 − x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 − xPbTiO3 Epitaxial Thin Films
Authors: Shao Junda , Huang Wenhua , Si Yangyang , Ye Zhen , Zeng Qibin , Zhang Tianfu , Wang Tao , Ren Zhongqi , Chen Shanquan , Huang Haoliang , Lu Yalin , Yu Xinge , Liu Huajun , Chen Zuhuang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThin ferroelectric layers are capable of generating large dielectric and electromechanical responses at relatively low voltages, thus can be utilized in various applications including energy storage, energy harvesting, sensors, and actuators. Among ferroelectrics, relaxor ferroelectrics (1 − x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 − xPbTiO3 are particularly interesting due to their superior dielectric and piezoelectric properties. However, dielectric and piezoelectric responses of the ferroelectric thin films are significantly suppressed relative to their bulk counterparts. The physical mechanism of the properties degradation still remains elusive, which greatly hinders their technological applications. Herein, this work systematically investigates the dielectric nonlinearity and the relationship between composition and intrinsic/extrinsic contributions of high‐quality (1 − x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 − xPbTiO3 epitaxial thin films (x = 0, 0.1, 0.32) fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. Through the Rayleigh analysis, it is found that the suppression of domain wall motion by substrate clamping is the main cause of thin film performance degradation and is further confirmed by continuous application of background dc bias to extract the dielectric response's intrinsic and extrinsic contributions. This work will pave the way for practical applications of (1 − x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 − xPbTiO3 thin films in energy storage and electromechanical devices.
Stepping beyond your comfort zone: Diffusion‐based network analytics for knowledge trajectory recommendation
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wu Mengjia , Zhang Guangquan , Lu Jie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPredicting a researcher's knowledge trajectories beyond their current foci can leverage potential inter‐/cross‐/multi‐disciplinary interactions to achieve exploratory innovation. In this study, we present a method of diffusion‐based network analytics for knowledge trajectory recommendation. The method begins by constructing a heterogeneous bibliometric network consisting of a co‐topic layer and a co‐authorship layer. A novel link prediction approach with a diffusion strategy is then used to capture the interactions between social elements (e.g., collaboration) and knowledge elements (e.g., technological similarity) in the process of exploratory innovation. This diffusion strategy differentiates the interactions occurring among homogeneous and heterogeneous nodes in the heterogeneous bibliometric network and weights the strengths of these interactions. Two sets of experiments—one with a local dataset and the other with a global dataset—demonstrate that the proposed method is prior to 10 selected baselines in link prediction, recommender systems, and upstream graph representation learning. A case study recommending knowledge trajectories of information scientists with topical hierarchy and explainable mediators reveals the proposed method's reliability and potential practical uses in broad scenarios.
On the use of cross‐validation for the calibration of the adaptive lasso
Authors: Ballout Nadim , Etievant Lola , Viallon Vivian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCross‐validation is the standard method for hyperparameter tuning, or calibration, of machine learning algorithms. The adaptive lasso is a popular class of penalized approaches based on weightedL1‐norm penalties, with weights derived from an initial estimate of the model parameter. Although it violates the paramount principle of cross‐validation, according to which no information from the hold‐out test set should be used when constructing the model on the training set, a “naive” cross‐validation scheme is often implemented for the calibration of the adaptive lasso. The unsuitability of this naive cross‐validation scheme in this context has not been well documented in the literature. In this work, we recall why the naive scheme is theoretically unsuitable and how proper cross‐validation should be implemented in this particular context. Using both synthetic and real‐world examples and considering several versions of the adaptive lasso, we illustrate the flaws of the naive scheme in practice. In particular, we show that it can lead to the selection of adaptive lasso estimates that perform substantially worse than those selected via a proper scheme in terms of both support recovery and prediction error. In other words, our results show that the theoretical unsuitability of the naive scheme translates into suboptimality in practice, and call for abandoning it.
Serial sexual murder by juveniles and the role of sexual sadism: An international study
Authors: Myers Wade C. , Safarik Mark , Chan Heng Choon (Oliver) , Yaksic Enzo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis is a descriptive study of 21 cases of serial sexual murder by children and adolescents spanning nearly the past century and a half. No earlier cases worldwide were identified. Each of these youth committed two or more sexual homicides prior to age 18. Their psychopathological, psychosocial, crime scene behaviors, and offender–victim relationship characteristics are presented. Additionally, the role of sexual sadism and its measurement using the SADSEX‐SH rating scale is addressed. Nearly all of the sample had conduct disorder, a paraphilic disorder, and sadistic fantasies, and two‐thirds had sexual sadism disorder. Family dysfunction, serious school problems, and average or above IQ levels were typical. Their modus operandi generally reflected predatory behavior and direct contact methods of killing were most common. Two case reports are provided to illustrate the breadth and complexity of these offenders. Juvenile Serial Sexual Homicide is an extremely rare but persistent phenomenon. Prognostic implications and future research directions are discussed.
High‐rate electrochemical H2O2 production over multimetallic atom catalysts under acidic–neutral conditions
Authors: Tong Yueyu , Liu Jiaxin , Su Bing‐Jian , Juang Jenh‐Yih , Hou Feng , Yin Lichang , Dou Shi Xue , Liang Ji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production by the electrochemical 2‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) is a promising alternative to the energy‐intensive anthraquinone process, and single‐atom electrocatalysts show the unique capability of high selectivity toward 2e− ORR against the 4e− one. The extremely low surface density of the single‐atom sites and the inflexibility in manipulating their geometric/electronic configurations, however, compromise the H2O2 yield and impede further performance enhancement. Herein, we construct a family of multiatom catalysts (MACs), on which two or three single atoms are closely coordinated to form high‐density active sites that are versatile in their atomic configurations for optimal adsorption of essential *OOH species. Among them, the Cox–Ni MAC presents excellent electrocatalytic performance for 2e− ORR, in terms of its exceptionally high H2O2 yield in acidic electrolytes (28.96 mol L−1 gcat.−1 h−1) and high selectivity under acidic to neutral conditions in a wide potential region (>80%, 0–0.7 V). Operando X‐ray absorption and density functional theory analyses jointly unveil its unique trimetallic Co2NiN8 configuration, which efficiently induces an appropriate Ni–d orbital filling and modulates the *OOH adsorption, together boosting the electrocatalytic 2e− ORR capability. This work thus provides a new MAC strategy for tuning the geometric/electronic structure of active sites for 2e− ORR and other potential electrochemical processes.
Self‐Immolative Polymers to Initiate Locomotion in Motors
Authors: Ramos Docampo Miguel A. , Nieto Sarah , de Dios Andres Paula , Qian Xiaomin , Städler Brigitte 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNanomotors that use polymers to gain locomotion is an upcoming concept. Here, we made use of self‐immolative polymers (SIP), i. e., polymers that disintegrate in a domino‐like fashion, to initiate motion in 500 nm silica particles. We selected a BSA‐triggered SIP and assessed its degradation both in solution and when deposited onto the silica particles. A 1.5‐fold increase of monomer was found in the solution compared to the controls, suggesting the SIP disintegration. The locomotion of the SIP‐coated motors was shown to have an average velocity of up to ∼3 μm s−1 when incubated with BSA. These proof of concept findings illustrate an alternative polymer‐powered motor design, which benefits from modern polymer chemistry concepts.
SIGnature Libraries: A roadmap for the formation of special interest group libraries
Authors: Kim Young‐Min , Chin Eric M. , Fahey Michael , Gelineau‐Morel Rose , Himmelmann Kate , O'Malley Jennifer , Oskoui Maryam , Shapiro Bruce , Shevell Michael , Wilson Jenny L. , Wiznitzer Max ,   the Child Neurology Society Cerebral Palsy Special Interest Group Consortium, Aravamuthan Bhooma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjective“SIGnature Libraries” channel the dynamism of academic society‐based special interest groups (SIG) to systematically identify and provide user‐oriented access to essential literature for a subspecialty field in a manner that keeps pace with the field's continuing evolution. The libraries include literature beyond clinical trial data to encompass historical context, diagnostic conceptualization, and community organization materials to foster a holistic understanding of how neurologic conditions affect individuals, their community, and their lived experience.MethodsUtilizing a modified‐Delphi approach, Child Neurology Society's Cerebral Palsy (CP) SIG (n = 75) administered two rounds of literature submissions and ratings. A final review by an 11‐member international advisory group determined threshold ratings for resource inclusion and the library's final structure.ResultsSeventy‐nine articles were submitted for the first Delphi round and 22 articles for the second Delphi round. Survey response rates among SIG members were 29/75 for the first round and 24/75 for the second round. The advisory board added additional articles in the final review process in view of the overall project goal. A total of 60 articles were included in the final library, and articles were divided into seven sections and stratified by rating scores. A process for ongoing revisions of the library was determined. The library will be published on the Child Neurology Society website and made publicly accessible.ConclusionsThe CP SIGnature Library offers learners an unprecedented resource that provides equitable access to latest consensus guidelines, existing seminal datasets, up‐to‐date review articles, and other patient care tools. A distinctive feature of the library is its intentional large scope and depth, presented in a stratified fashion relative to the consensus‐determined importance of each article. Learners can efficiently navigate the library based on individual interests and goals, and the library can be used as core curriculum for CP education.
An innovative malware detection methodology employing the amalgamation of stacked BiLSTM and CNN+LSTM‐based classification networks with the assistance of Mayfly metaheuristic optimization algorithm in cyber‐attack
Authors: Srinivasan Sathiyandrakumar , Deepalakshmi P. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe propagation of bias and its data have sensitive and critical security enterprises, which emphasizing the significance of perfecting state‐of‐the‐art intrusion discovery systems. These days malware pitfalls have turned precipitously vigorous, intricate and independently on this bias and its data. The artificial intelligence approaches have turned into the focus for cybersecurity as these are noticed acting as more applicable for dealing with contemporary malware events. Particularly, the neural networks having its robust conception prosecution which capability can challenge an expansive range of cyber pitfalls. This article portrays the advancement and testing of a neural network for bracket procedures. Also, the point election could be regarded as a combinatorial optimization issue. It also includes a new point selection fashion known as the Mayfly metaheuristic algorithm, which incorporates an S‐shaped transfer function for converting it into a double variant of the Mayfly Algorithm. While distinct seeker results were acquired out of different areas of the hunt space employing the Mayfly Algorithm, a lesser result could be assured. also, there are two bracket networks like piled BiLSTM and CNN LSTM that are regarded for the UNSW‐NB15 dataset, which automatically learn features out of the undressed data for landing the vicious train structure patterns and law sequence patterns. This largely lessens the price of artificial features engineering. The proffered bracket networks are examined employing the criteria like accuracy, precision, recall, F1‐score, and AUC score under binary and multi classes. It is observed that the proffered bracket networks achieve 91.87 of accuracy, 92.769 of precision, 90.47 of recall, and 91.6 of F1‐ score.
A specific anti‐COVID‐19 BNT162b2 vaccine‐induced early innate immune signature positively correlates with the humoral protective response in healthy and multiple sclerosis vaccine recipients
Authors: Severa Martina , Rizzo Fabiana , Sinigaglia Alessandro , Ricci Daniela , Etna Marilena Paola , Cola Gaia , Landi Doriana , Buscarinu Maria Chiara , Valdarchi Catia , Ristori Giovanni , Riccetti Silvia , Piubelli Chiara , Palmerini Pierangela , Rosato Antonio , Gobbi Federico , Balducci Stefano , Marfia Girolama Alessandra , Salvetti Marco , Barzon Luisa , Coccia Eliana Marina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe very rapidly approved mRNA‐based vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein, including Pfizer‐BioNTech BNT162b2, are effective in protecting from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in immunocompetent population. However, establishing the duration and identifying correlates of vaccine‐induced protection will be crucial to optimise future immunisation strategies. Here, we studied in healthy vaccine recipients and people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), undergoing different therapies, the regulation of innate immune response by mRNA vaccination in order to correlate it with the magnitude of vaccine‐induced protective humoral responses.MethodsHealthy subjects (n = 20) and matched pwMS (n = 22) were longitudinally sampled before and after mRNA vaccination. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)‐associated type I and II interferon (IFN)‐inducible gene expression, serum innate cytokine/chemokine profile as well as binding and neutralising anti‐SARS‐COV‐2 antibodies (Abs) were measured.ResultsWe identified an early immune module composed of the IFN‐inducible genes Mx1, OAS1 and IRF1, the serum cytokines IL‐15, IL‐6, TNF‐α and IFN‐γ and the chemokines IP‐10, MCP‐1 and MIG, induced 1 day post second and third BNT162b2 vaccine doses, strongly correlating with magnitude of humoral response to vaccination in healthy and MS vaccinees. Moreover, induction of the early immune module was dramatically affected in pwMS treated with fingolimod and ocrelizumab, both groups unable to induce a protective humoral response to COVID‐19 vaccine.ConclusionOverall, this study suggests that the vaccine‐induced early regulation of innate immunity is mediated by IFN signalling, impacts on the magnitude of adaptive responses and it might be indicative of vaccine‐induced humoral protection.
Advances in mesenchymal stromal cells and nanomaterials for diabetic wound healing
Authors: Hou Liangxuan , Zhang Xiaoshuang , Du Hongwu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe delayed healing of diabetic wounds (DBW) will not only afflict patients, but also lead to amputation and even death in serious cases, which will create many negative effects on society and the country. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted extensive attention for their applications in chronic wound healing due to their excellent cytokine secretion ability and regulation of inflammation. Mesenchymal stromal cells can be used alone or wrapped with carrier/matrix and applied to enhance healing in the wound area. In this review, the etiology of the slow healing of DBW and the mechanism by which MSCs promote the healing of DBW were explored. In addition, we summarised the current research progress on the use of stromal cell‐loaded biomaterials for wound healing in diabetic animal models. At the end of the article, we pointed out the challenges and improvement strategies for stromal cell therapy applied to DBW in future clinical practice.
The mechanism of inward and outward expansion of multiscale dynamic permeability of coalbed methane at different temperatures
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Hao Xiaoqiang , Liu Yanwei , Li Lin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe multiscale micro‐nano pores in coal can result in the ultra‐low permeability of coal, which restricts the efficiency of gas extraction. It is difficult for the conventional seepage‐enhancement measures to affect the nanoscale pores within the coal matrix. Thermal stimulation can reach deep into the micro‐nano pores within coal matrix to improve the permeability. Therefore, it is important to study the diffusivity and permeability of the multiscale micro‐nano pores at different temperatures. In this study, the experiments of diffusion‐seepage measured by the methods of GRI (Gas Research Institution) and steady‐state were conducted using a cylindrical coal at different temperatures and pressures. The experimental results show that the apparent diffusion coefficient of cylindrical coal is not constant but variable dynamically; and the classical diffusion model fails to describe the full‐time process of gas flow accurately. On this basis, a model of multiscale dynamic apparent diffusion‐seepage that can accurately describe the full‐time flow process was proposed. As is observed, the apparent permeability attenuates dynamically with time without stress loading, and the initial apparent permeability and the attenuation coefficient increase monotonically with the rise of temperature. Under the stress constraint, the steady‐state permeability increases after a decrease as the temperature rises, displaying a “U‐shaped” pattern. Without stress constraint, the increasing temperature causes the exterior multiscale pores to expand outward by different degrees so as to increase permeability, while the interior micro‐nano pores show three inward and outward expansion mechanisms. Under stress constraint, at low temperature and high effective stress, the increasing temperature causes pores to expand inward and the permeability decreases accordingly. When temperature continues to increase, coal expands outward because the effective stress is counteracted by the thermal stress, leading to an increase in permeability. This study is of significance for thermal gas extraction engineering.
Evaluating the sampling effort for the metabarcoding‐based detection of fish environmental DNA in the open ocean
Authors: Kawakami Tatsuya , Yamazaki Aya , Asami Maki , Goto Yuko , Yamanaka Hiroki , Hyodo Susumu , Ueno Hiromichi , Kasai Akihide 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClarifying the effect of the sampling protocol on the detection of environmental DNA (eDNA) is essential for appropriately designing biodiversity research. However, technical issues influencing eDNA detection in the open ocean, which consists of water masses with varying environmental conditions, have not been thoroughly investigated. This study evaluated the sampling effort for the metabarcoding‐based detection of fish eDNA using replicate sampling with filters of different pore sizes (0.22 and 0.45 μm) in the subtropical and subarctic northwestern Pacific Ocean and Arctic Chukchi Sea. The asymptotic analysis predicted that the accumulation curves for detected taxa did not saturate in most cases, indicating that our sampling effort (7 or 8 replicates, corresponding to 10.5–40 L of filtration in total) was insufficient to fully assess the species diversity in the open ocean and that tens of replicates or a substantial filtration volume were required. The Jaccard dissimilarities between filtration replicates were comparable with those between the filter types at any site. In subtropical and subarctic sites, turnover dominated the dissimilarity, suggesting that the filter pore size had a negligible effect. In contrast, nestedness dominated the dissimilarity in the Chukchi Sea, implying that the 0.22 μm filter could collect a broader range of eDNA than the 0.45 μm filter. Therefore, the effect of filter selection on the collection of fish eDNA likely varies depending on the region. These findings highlight the highly stochastic nature of fish eDNA collection in the open ocean and the difficulty of standardizing the sampling protocol across various water masses.
Trophic transfer of polyunsaturated fatty acids across the aquatic–terrestrial interface: An experimental tritrophic food chain approach
Authors: Ohler Katharina , Schreiner Verena C. , Martin‐Creuzburg Dominik , Schäfer Ralf B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAquatic and their adjacent terrestrial ecosystems are linked via the flux of organic and inorganic matter. Emergent aquatic insects are recognized as high‐quality food for terrestrial predators, because they provide more physiologically relevant long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than terrestrial insects. The effects of dietary PUFA on terrestrial predators have been explored mainly in feeding trials conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, hampering the assessment of the ecological relevance of dietary PUFA deficiencies under field conditions. We assessed the PUFA transfer across the aquatic–terrestrial interface and the consequences for terrestrial riparian predators in two outdoor microcosm experiments. We established simplified tritrophic food chains, consisting of one of four basic food sources, an intermediary collector gatherer (Chironomus riparius, Chironomidae), and a riparian web‐building spider (Tetragnatha sp.). The four basic food sources (algae, conditioned leaves, oatmeal, and fish food) differed in PUFA profiles and were used to track the trophic transfer of single PUFA along the food chain and to assess their potential effects on spiders, that is, on fresh weight, body condition (size‐controlled measurement of nutritional status), and immune response. The PUFA profiles of the basic food sources, C. riparius and spiders differed between treatments, except for spiders in the second experiment. The PUFA α‐linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n‐3) and ɣ‐linolenic acid (GLA, 18:3n‐6) were major contributors to the differences between treatments. PUFA profiles of the basic food sources influenced the fresh weight and body condition of spiders in the first experiment, but not in the second experiment, and did not affect the immune response, growth rate, and dry weight in both experiments. Furthermore, our results indicate that the examined responses are dependent on temperature. Future studies including anthropogenic stressors would deepen our understanding of the transfer and role of PUFA in ecosystems.