bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutron polarisation correction to triple-axis data with analytical derivations
Authors: Nambu Y , Enderle M , Weber T. , Kakurai K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Polarised neutron scattering is the method of choice to study magnetism in condensed matter. Polarised neutrons are typically very low in flux, and complex experimental configurations further reduce the count rate. Neutron polarisation corrections would therefore be needed. Here we analytically derive formulae of the corrected partial differential scattering cross-sections. The analytical method is designed for the longitudinal polarisation analysis, and the correction generally holds for time-independent polarised neutrons with a triple-axis spectrometer. We then apply the correction to recent results of our Px
experiment on Y3Fe5O12. Although there is a difficulty with the experimental determination of inefficiency parameters of neutron spin polarisers and flippers, the correction appears to work properly.
Decoherence and the ultraviolet cutoff: non-Markovian dissipative dynamics of a charged particle in a magnetic field
Authors: Bhattacharjee Suraka , Mandal Koushik , Sinha Supurna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We derive a non-Markovian master equation for a charged particle in a magnetic field coupled to a bath and study decoherence by analyzing the temporal decay of the off-diagonal elements of the reduced density matrix in the position basis. The coherent oscillations characterized by the cyclotron frequency get suppressed as a result of decoherence due to coupling with the environment. We consider an Ohmic bath with three distinct models for the high-frequency cutoff for the spectral density of the bath and compare the three cases. As expected, the three cutoff models converge in the limit of the uppermost frequency of the bath tending to infinity. We notice a dramatic slowing down of loss of coherence in the low-temperature limit dominated by zero point quantum fluctuations compared to the high-temperature classical limit dominated by thermal fluctuations. We also go beyond the Ohmic model and study super-Ohmic and sub-Ohmic baths with the spectral densities deviating from a linear dependence on the frequency. Our results are testable in a state of the art cold atom laboratory.
Entanglement gap in 1D long-range quantum spherical models
Authors: Wald Sascha , Arias Raul , Alba Vincenzo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We investigate the finite-size scaling of the entanglement gap in the one-dimensional long-range quantum spherical model (QSM). We focus on the weak long-range QSM, for which the thermodynamic limit is well-defined. This model exhibits a continuous phase transition, separating a paramagnetic from a ferromagnet phase. The universality class of the transition depends on the long-range exponent α. We show that in the thermodynamic limit the entanglement gap is finite in the paramagnetic phase, and it vanishes in the ferromagnetic phase. In the ferromagnetic phase the entanglement gap is understood in terms of standard magnetic correlation functions. The half-system entanglement gap decays as

δ
ξ
≃

C
α

L

−
(
1

/

2
−
α

/

4
)

, where the constant C

α
depends on the low-energy properties of the model and L is the system size. This reflects that the lower part of the dispersion is affected by the long range physics. Finally, multiplicative logarithmic corrections are absent in the scaling of the entanglement gap, in contrast with the higher-dimensional case.
Long-term prediction of the COVID-19 epidemics induced by Omicron-virus in China based on a novel non-autonomous delayed SIR model
Authors: Pei Lijun , Liu Dongqing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 genome is still mutating. Omicron, a recently emerging virus with a shorter incubation period, faster transmission speed, and stronger immune escape ability, is soaring worldwide and becoming the mainstream virus in the COVID-19 pandemic. It is especially critical for the governments, healthcare systems, and economic sectors to have an accurate estimate of the trend of this disaster. By using different mathematical approaches, including the classical susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model and its extensions, many investigators have tried to predict the outbreaks of COVID-19. In this study, we employed a novel model which is based upon the well-known susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model with the time-delay and time-varying coefficients in our previous works. We aim to predict the evolution of the epidemics effectively in nine cities and provinces of China, including A City, B City, C City, D City, E City, F City, G City, H City and I Province. The results show it is effective to model the spread of the large-scale and sporadic COVID-19 induced by Omicron virus by the novel non-autonomous delayed SIR compartment model. The significance of this study is that it can provide the management department of epidemic control with theoretical references and subsequent evaluation of the prevention, control measures, and effects.
Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with cashew nut shell oil & optimizing the operating parameters using response surface methodology
Authors: Vinod Raj S , Dheikshith Raj R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Due to the stringent environmental changes and rosein pollution from automobiles and other industrial sources make researchers to find an alternative fuel for diesel substitute based engines. In this paper, direct injection CI engine characteristics is studied using cashew nut shell oil as a biodiesel. The work carried out in two parts, the first part consist of experimental work studies on 4 stroke single cylinder CRDI engine using CNSL as a biodiesel. CNSL Biodiesel is prepared by acid-base trans-esterification technique. The prepared biodiesel is then blended with diesel by the volume basis of [B20D80]. The Diesel engine operated at constant speed of 1500 rpm for the loading condition such as 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, injection pressure, blend percentage were noted. In terms of Emissions, the CO, CO2, NOX, HC were observed for all loading conditions and compression ratios. The second part of the work is to optimize the operating parameters of the diesel engine using response surface methodology optimizer. For the optimization the input values namely engine load, compression ratio, bending ratios of diesel and biodiesel is varied accordingly to observe the output parameters like BTE, BSFC and for emissions like CO, CO2, NOx, and HC. The optimization is carried out using statistical Minitab software version 18. The predicted and experimental values were compared for the optimal values of BTE, BSFC and emissions respectively.
Design of Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger for CO2 Separation by Cryogenic Distillation
Authors: Nandakishora Y. , Maldeniyaarachchi M. A. D. S. B. , Sahoo Ranjit. K. , Murugan S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is a technique to curb carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from significant point sources. CO2 separation is the first stage in the CCUS. Cryogenic CO2 separation is the emerging method of separating CO2 from different sources. Plate-fin heat exchanger (PFHE) is one of the compact heat exchangers generally used in cryogenic applications. Due to its advantages, it is also used in the cryogenic CO2 separation process. In this analysis, a PFHE is designed and analyzed by using an analytical method and Aspen software, and the results are compared. In the analytical design, the Maiti and Sarangi correlations are considered. The effect of the change in the thermos-physical properties on the volume and cost of the heat exchanger (HX) is analyzed. The energy penalty to separate CO2 from a CO2/N2 gas mixture with a 30% CO2 concentration is observed to be 1.063 MJ/kg of CO2. The volumes of HXs “A” and “B” determined by the analytical approach are found to be around 0.323 m3 and 0.978 m3, respectively. The volumes of HXs “A” and “B” by the Aspen EDR approach are found to be around 0.239 m3 and 0.839 m3, respectively.
Effect of excess air ratio and ignition timing on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of high speed hydrogen engine
Authors: Jalindar Shinde Balu , Karunamurthy  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The main goal of automobile researchers is to develop internal combustion engines that are fuel efficient and emit zero pollutants. It can be inferred from prior research publications that lean burn conditions can significantly reduce emissions while improving engine efficiency. The lean-burn engine combustion temperatures are lower hence harmful emissions like NO are reduced. Gasoline fuels have a narrow equivalence ratio window hence it was necessary to evaluate the other alternative fuels with a wider equivalence ratio for using it in IC engines for better performance and fewer emissions. This experiment is conducted on a single-cylinder digital three-spark ignited electronic fuel injected (DTSI-EFI) single-cylinder, 4 stroke high-speed SI engine fuelled by hydrogen. The excess air ratios are changed and MBT timing was also optimized. Hydrogen has delivered the lowest emissions under lean conditions. This data gives guidelines for developing SI engines with hydrogen port fuel injection for meeting future emissions norms. This experimental attempt is to protect the environment from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The highest Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) is recorded at the leaner condition (λ = 4) as 37.53%, the highest power output is 7.02 kW at λ=1.5. CO and THC emissions are absent in hydrogen fuel and NO emissions reduces towards lean combustion.
E-waste management and Achieving SDG-Challenges in Indian Context
Authors: Bhat Viraja 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Revolutions in the electronics sector revealed an unfortunate aspect of the technology in the form of e-waste, considered fatal and toxic wealth of digitized word. Electronic gadgets regularly get replaced from regular due to altering market trends, socio-economic necessity and fashion. Each e product has a limited life span and after their useful life reaches end of life stage in the form of e waste at different phases of their lifecycle. E-waste is complex in nature and consist of more than 1000 materials such as plastic, glass, precious and toxic metals and hence inappropriate discard would have long term consequence in the form loss of resources and adverse impact on health and environment. effects. Growing volumes of e-waste, improper, unsafe disposal and treatment have been substantial challenges in achieving the SDG. Goal 3 with focus on Good health and Well-being of SDG 2030 is closely linked to better understanding and management of e-waste whereas Goal 6 has onus on Clean water and Sanitation is related to scientific disposal of e-waste. Goal 11 and Goal 12 with aims of Responsible Consumption and Production and Sustainable Cities relates to stakeholder awareness. In developing country like India being recognised as one of major e-waste generators, managing e-waste scientifically is the need of the hour to achieve SDG. E waste management requires awareness about e-waste as a precious resource and a toxic element. The user’s awareness about e-waste plays an important role in achieving SDG’s. The author in the paper has an objective to relate the E-waste management and SDG’s achievement with focus on awareness of e waste and associated effects on health and environment.
Analyzing the aerodynamic characteristics of eroded wind turbine blades
Authors: Livya E , Abishaveni R , Ashika Deepthi M D , Ranjitha P , Nadaraja Pillai S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The study investigates the influence of erosion over the leading edge of S809 series airfoil and its impact on the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine blades. The research work determines how erosion affects the performance of wind turbine blades at an angle of attack varying from 0° to 45° for the fixed Reynolds number of 2.1 x 105. To analyse the flow characteristics, the average pressure acting around the surface of the airfoil is scanned with the aid of 20 pressure taps. The time series pressure of 10,000 samples at each point has been collected. The roughness is introduced at the leading edge of the airfoil and measures 0.1% of the total chord at the top and bottom surface, respectively. Six different intensities of roughness are introduced and tested. The base airfoil, as well as roughed surface airfoil, is compared and the results are discussed. The aerodynamic parameters like lift, drag, and pressure coefficients are included. The estimated data suggests the erosion that occurs on the wind turbine blade surface alters the flow pattern and the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine blades. Collectively, the experiment on analysing the eroded surface possibly taking place over the wind turbine blade surface affects the lift parameter with a considerable increment in drag. However, the roughness allows the airflow to remain fixed with the airfoil surface, favouring the concept of extending the stall.
Soil Structure interaction of Laterally Loaded Piles
Authors: Samuel Kesiya Elizabeth , John Beena Mary , Nair Rajesh P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The rapid development of the global economy has led to an increased energy demand throughout the world. More than 70% of the world’s energy consumption is from the use of fossil fuels. In the wake of rising global temperatures and increased carbon emissions, policymakers across the globe think about alternate and renewable ways of energy generation, among which wind energy is a promising energy source. Offshore wind turbines are new technologies and are challenging when it comes to their installation in harsh ocean environment as they are subjected to environmental loads caused by wind, wave and currents. These loads are then transferred to foundation. Monopiles are the most common foundations used in offshore wind turbines today and therefore its analysis is important. Monopiles are single large diameter tubular steel piles of diameter 3–7 m driven into the seabed with typical penetration depth of 25–30 m, and are subjected to lateral dynamic loads. Soil structure interaction of monopile is an important aspect to be considered in its design and for the present study, PLAXIS 3D geotechnical software is used for the soil-pile interaction and the corresponding displacement behaviour of the pile under study. The dynamic analysis due to the wave forces on the monopile is carried out using wave data off Gulf of Mannar, near the Tamil Nadu coast, and the embedment length of the pile is varied to study the effect of diameter of pile and embedment length on the displacement characteristics of the pile.
Spatiotemporal Change Detection Analysis of Land Cover and Land Use using Multi-Temporal Remote Sensed Imagery and Landscape Metrics: A Sub-Catchment Level Case Study of the Bhagirathi-Hugli River, West Bengal, India
Authors: Das S , Sarkar R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To analyse and characterise land use-land cover (LULC) change, remote sensing (RS) data and geographic information system (GIS) approaches are required. The landscape metrics are also extensively used to explain the structure and pattern of the spatial landscape. This case study has been conducted in the area of the Bhagirathi-Hugli River banks in West Bengal. The study area’s satellite image data from various periods (1989-2017) were used to analyse the spatiotemporal variation of LULC change. The LULC fragmentation was analysed using a total of six landscape measures. Landscape metrics such as Number of Patches (NP), Largest Patch Index (LPI), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), Mean Shape Index (MSI), Contagion (CONTAG), and Shannon’s Diversity Index were used to determine the changes over four different periods. The main features of land use change were the continuous expansion of built-up area (9.30 km2), vegetation (189.14 km2), and the decrease in agricultural fallow land and water bodies from 1989 to 2017. The landscape pattern in the study area has also changed significantly. The landscape metrics indicate that the studied region had a highly fragmented landscape during the study period. The proposed technique is easy to use and can address more than one metric while selecting the appropriate setting can prove problematic.
Assessing the Water Quality of Indian Sundarban Estuaries using Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Chatterjee S , Bhadra T 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Remote Sensing for water quality assessment is a newly emerging field. Although numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the correlation between the Digital Number (DN) of bands and water quality parameters (WQP), further studies are required to make this methodology a robust low-cost technique for water quality assessment. With a brief case study of spatio-temporal analysis of WQPs of the Sundarban estuary, the current work explores the possibility of multispectral remote sensing for large-scale water quality monitoring. The study is about establishing empirical relationships between DN values (single, multiple or combination of many bands) with a limited number of in-situ measurements of WQPs such as Chlorophyll algae, Turbidity, pH, Salinity and Euphotic Depth. The study also assesses seasonal variation of WQPs for the period 2013-2014. Stepwise regressions have been performed to select the best predictors of each WQPs; afterwards, simple or multiple regression has been performed according to the result of stepwise regression. Temporal variation has been assessed for summer and winter using those predicted maps. The predictors of Chlorophyll-a, Euphotic Depth, pH, Salinity, Turbidity are B4/B5; B4/B6; B5/B7; B5/B7; B6/B7 for summer and B3/B5; B2/B3, B4; B1, B3/B6; (B2/B5); (B2/B5) for the winter. Three best model estimates are pH and chlorophyll-a of both the seasons with RMSEs of 0.202865, 0.059793, 0.477288568, and 0.224603275905043 respectively. Higher chlorophyll-a, pH and turbidity found in Hooghly estuary in both seasons, at Matla, Thakuran, Raimangal and Harinbhanga higher salinity found in both season and higher euphotic depth found in summer.
Environmental Stress and Health Vulnerability Assessment around Kolaghat Thermal Power Plant, West Bengal
Authors: Chatterjee S , Rai A , Hazra S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
One of the 17 types of severely polluting sectors in the nation is thermal power plants which exert pressure upon the environment and health aspects in several ways e.g. creating thermal, air, and water pollution, exacerbating physiological acute and chronic responses, and affecting the subjective wellbeing of an individual residing proximal to the source. Situated on the right bank of the Rupnarayan river, Kolaghat thermal power plant is one of the major power generating plants of West Bengal, which is also producing 7500-8000 metric tons of fly ash every day but having only 325 acres of land for its disposal. Hence the plant has been exerting pressure upon the surrounding environment since its establishment and growth between 1980-1985. This study is to evaluate the overall impact of thermal power plants on the local environment and public health using a composite index that incorporates environmental and health dimensions i.e. Air quality index, drinking water quality index, land surface temperature, social parameters, Non–communicable disease rate, etc. The study reveals the local-level impact of air pollution and the impact of fly ash emissions. Nandakumar, Tamluk, and Kolaghat have been identified as blocks under stress. The workers of the plant have reported undesirable thermal and ambient air quality conditions within the battery limit, with the prevalence of skin problems, allergies, and fatigue among them. Site-specific plantation and phytoremediation techniques with the use of riparian buffers have been recommended.
Potential Effect of the Changing Urban Climate on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Case Study on Barasat City, India
Authors: Chhetri R , Mukherjee K , Dash P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rapid land use change in urban areas creates a unique climate, which risks the health of its inhabitants. The unique urban climate is attributable to a phenomenon recognized as the Urban Heat Island (UHI). Under such circumstances, the urban regions become hotter than their rural surroundings, creating an island of higher temperatures. Human exposure to excessively warm heat islands, particularly in humid climates like India, is becoming an increasingly serious public health issue. This paper briefly analyses the formation of surface urban heat islands (SUHI), identified by estimating the Land Surface Temperature (LST) and also its potential impacts on the occurrence of heat-related Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) within a city. Barasat city of India has been chosen to demonstrate this work. LST has been estimated from the Landsat data using a remote sensing platform. It has been observed that the high LST in Barasat city perfectly followed an emitting shape in descending order from the city center to the suburban areas. A primary household survey was conducted in 2018 in the month of March-April, where 200 samples were collected. The information has been collected from the samples regarding their occupation, average hours of exposure to high heat zones, and the NCDs they have suffered from. It has been found that heat cramps, heat stress, heat strokes, and respiratory diseases are common for people exposed to the high heat zone. Although NCDs increase the socioeconomic burden in developing cities, NCD surveillance is limited in India. This study will assist in formulating a better urban neighborhood considering the city’s population exposed to UHI.
Assessing the Socio-Economic Setup of Ravangla, Sikkim, and the Vulnerability of its Community using Geoinformatics
Authors: De S , Routh D , Hazra S , Kandar P , Sarkar S , Mitra S , Bhadra T , Sarkar R , Baral M , Rai A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The geoinformatics platform integrates remotely sensed data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It has a vast range of applications. The technique is widely used not only to study the physical aspects of a region but also to analyse the social and economic setup. The objective of this study is to understand the socio-economic setup of Ravangla, which is a small tourist town located in South Sikkim, India. The primary data have been collected from the field survey and analysed using GIS tools. The social indices such as social structure, housing condition, and the condition of basic facilities such as health, education, transport, market, and others have been analysed in the present study. GIS has been used to study the spatial distribution of these social and economic parameters. The technique has also been used to assess the socio-economic vulnerability of the community living in Ravangla. The Composite Vulnerability at the community level has been calculated based on socioeconomic parameters and a vulnerability map has been prepared. Based on the Composite Vulnerability Index, the households in the study area have been classified as Highly, Moderately, and Less Vulnerable. The GIS techniques have been used to amalgamate the socioeconomic components of vulnerability to recognize the most vulnerable households in Ravangla. The study will help planners, policymakers, and administrators to take necessary steps for mitigating socio-economic problems in the study area.