bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for, and genetic association with, intestinal atresia in dairy calves
Authors: Keane Orla M. , Carthy Tara R. , Hanrahan James P. , Matthews Daragh , McEwan John C. , Rowe Suzanne J. , Kenneally Jonathon , Mee John F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntestinal atresia is an under‐diagnosed congenital defect in cattle. It results in complete occlusion of the intestinal lumen and, unless surgically corrected, results in death or euthanasia of the affected calf. There is limited information on the incidence of this condition or on risk factors, including predisposing alleles, associated with the defect. In this study, active surveillance of 39 dairy farms over 8 years identified 197 cases of intestinal atresia among 56 454 calves born, an incidence of 0.35%. The majority of cases (83%) had occlusion of the jejunum, although cases with blockage of the colon (14%) or anus (4%) were also identified. The defect was twice as common in male as in female calves (p < 0.0001), and was more common in progeny of older cows than in progeny of first or second lactation cows (p < 0.001). Year and farm of birth were also significantly associated with incidence (p < 0.05). The incidence of intestinal atresia was highest among the progeny of three related Jersey sires, suggesting that a gene for intestinal atresia was segregating within this family. Linkage analysis utilising 28 affected progeny of two half‐sib putative carrier sires identified two putative quantitative trait loci associated with the defect, on chromosomes 14 and 26, although no clear candidate genes were identified. There was no evidence of a sire‐effect among the progeny of Holstein‐Friesian sires. However, a case–control genome‐wide association study involving 91 cases and 375 healthy controls, identified 31 SNP in 18 loci as associated with the defect in this breed. These data suggest that intestinal atresia in dairy calves is not a simple Mendelian trait as previously reported but a complex multigenic disorder.
Barriers and enablers to structured care delivery in Australian rural primary care
Authors: Mullan Leanne , Armstrong Kylie , Job Jennifer 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to explore the barriers and enablers to structured care delivery in rural primary care, reflecting on Australian research findings.DesignCINAHL and Scopus databases were searched in August 2021. Inclusion criteria included English language, full‐text studies, published since 2011, reporting on the barriers and enablers to the delivery of structured care within rural and remote primary care. Structured care was conceptualised as care that was organised, integrative and planned.FindingsA total of 435 studies were screened. Thirty‐four met the inclusion criteria. Barriers to the provision of structured care related to workforce shortages, limited health care services and health care professional capacity, cultural safety and competency, limited resourcing, insufficient knowledge and education, geographical isolation, inadequate care coordination, unclear roles and responsibilities and poor health professional–patient relationships.DiscussionHealth care system and geographical barriers and enablers encountered in rural areas are complex and multidimensional. Identification of the specific challenges to structured care delivery highlights the need for a focussed review of workforce supply and distribution challenges as well as the investigation of system integration, leadership, governance and funding reform that would be required to support rural primary care.
The “fascist” and the “potato beetle”
Authors: Jones Deborah A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHuman‐to‐insect comparisons turn the stomachs of scholars of language and discrimination, but do they incite violence? In the spring of 2014, some Ukrainians referred to people they suspected of separatist sympathies as kolorady, or Colorado potato beetles, a notorious invasive pest. But kolorad was also a response to a pro‐Russian epithet for Ukrainians: fashist (fascist). This article traces the relationship between kolorad and fashist in the earliest days of the conflict, finding that this kind of language—which sorts people into producers and parasites, heroes and villains, human and not—is multilayered, interreferencing, and strikingly persistent. Along with dehumanizing language, “patriotic chronotopes” help explain how people perceive threats and why some people come to feel it their responsibility, even destiny, to take violent action.
Compound clear cell sarcoma with EWSR1::CREM fusion
Authors: Li Philippa , Busam Klaus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCutaneous clear cell sarcomas may be confused with melanomas as a result of overlapping histopathology and immunohistochemical staining. We report a case of a 41‐year‐old woman with a purported history of acral melanoma of the great toe. Twenty‐one months after excision of the primary tumor, the patient developed a groin mass, diagnosed as metastatic melanoma on excision. Five months later, a biopsy of a lung mass was reported as metastatic melanoma. The patient was referred to our institution for treatment, which prompted molecular testing on the groin metastasis by targeted next‐generation sequencing. Molecular testing results revealed TP53 and TERT promoter mutations and the absence of BRAF, KRAS, and KIT mutations; it also revealed an EWSR1::CREM fusion that was confirmed by Archer FusionPlex. The alleged acral melanoma was re‐reviewed, showing an invasive amelanotic spindle cell neoplasm in the dermis with neoplastic nests at the dermal–epidermal junction; the tumor cells expressed markers of melanocytic differentiation but were negative for PRAME and BRAF immunohistochemical staining. Molecular testing of the toe and lung metastasis revealed the same EWSR1::CREM fusion. In light of the molecular findings, the diagnosis was revised to a primary acral compound clear cell sarcoma with EWSR1::CREM fusion.
Spiny keratoderma: A review of case reports and histopathological descriptions
Authors: Valek Stephanie A. , Ahmad Areebah S. , Rousseau Morgan A. , Rashid Rashid M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpiny keratoderma (SpK) is a rare skin condition characterized by spine‐like papules on the palms and soles. The condition is identified under several names such as “music box spine keratosis” and “palmoplantar filiform hyperkeratosis,” creating ambiguity in the diagnostic and histopathologic features of the disease. In this study, we reviewed 84 cases of SpK to examine patient demographics, medical history, clinical and histopathological descriptions, and sporadic versus hereditary onset. Notably, the most used histopathological terms were “parakeratosis” and “hypogranulosis,” and the most used clinical terms were “spine” and “hyperpigmented.” The average age at presentation was 60.1 years with the majority of cases in males. Only 29.8% of cases were associated with a family history of SpK and underlying malignancies were present in 28.6% of cases. This review investigates the frequency of histopathologic and clinical terms used to describe SpK to provide insight into the clinical and histopathological characteristics of this rarely reported condition.
Shyness subtypes and associations with social anxiety: A comparison study of Canadian and Chinese children
Authors: Kong Xiaoxue , Brook Christina A. , Li Juan , Li Yan , Schmidt Louis A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious research has shown that there are distinct types of children's shyness within eastern and western cultures, with different origins, developmental courses, and outcomes. However, the measures used to examine children's shyness in eastern contexts have been developed almost exclusively in the North American context. Whether shyness subtypes and their predictive associations are conserved between western and eastern cultures on a children's shyness measure developed in an eastern context is an empirical question. Here we examined (a) whether two subtypes from the Chinese Shyness Scale (i.e., anxious and regulated) were identified in a western context, and (b) whether cultural context moderated the relation between the two subtypes of shy behavior and a widely used western characterized social anxiety measure. The participants were children aged 3–5 years from China (Mage = 4.46 years, SD = 0.64, n = 182, 53.8% boys) and Canada (Mage = 3.99 years, SD = 0.82, n = 201, 42.3% boys). The results indicated that the two shyness subtypes and the one‐factor social anxiety construct were identified in both cultures. Subsequently, latent moderation structural equation modelling revealed that anxious shyness was significantly and positively related to social anxiety in children from both countries, but more strongly in Canada. Conversely, regulated shyness was significantly and positively related to social anxiety in Canadian children, but not in Chinese children. Findings are discussed regarding possible cultural explanations for why the relations between two Chinese shyness subtypes and social anxiety are different in Chinese and Canadian contexts and their implications to understanding cross‐cultural differences in developmental shyness.Research Highlights
Two subtypes of shyness (anxious and regulated shyness) reported in China were identified in both China and Canada
Country/culture moderated the relation between shyness subtypes and social anxiety
Anxious shyness was positively related to social anxiety in both countries
Regulated shyness was positively related to social anxiety in Canadian children, but not in Chinese children
Longitudinal associations between impulsivity and lie‐telling in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Dykstra Victoria W. , Turchio Vanessa M. , Willoughby Teena , Evans Angela D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLie‐telling and impulsivity levels peak during late childhood to early adolescence and have been suggested to be related. Heightened impulsivity may lead adolescents to lie in favor of short‐term benefits without consideration for the potential consequences of deception. The present study assessed longitudinal relations between self‐reported impulsivity and lie‐telling frequency. Participants from a large‐scale longitudinal study (N = 1148; Mage = 11.55, SD = 1.69, 9–15 years at Time 1) reported on their impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale) and their frequency of lie‐telling to parents, to teachers, to friends, and about cheating across two time points 1 year apart. Cross‐lagged path analysis revealed greater impulsivity was associated with more frequent lie‐telling to parents, friends, and teachers, and about cheating over time. Our findings demonstrate the role of impulsivity in the development of lie‐telling behaviors.Research Highlights
Impulsivity predicts lying across time in multiple contexts (to parents, friends, teachers, and about cheating).
Previous research has demonstrated the role of top‐down influences on lie‐telling, but the current study suggests that bottom‐up processes are also influential.
Development of the motivational interviewing for loved ones skills assessment (MILO‐SA)
Authors: Davis Beshaun J. , Fenley Alicia , Sanders Aliyah , Ipekci Bediha , Thibeau Heather , Khan Tabinda , Shashidhar Gautami , Keshavan Matcheri , Kline Emily 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimExpressed emotion of family members is a key target for intervention for bettering psychosocial outcomes for transitional‐age youth experiencing mental health crises. Motivational Interviewing for Loved Ones (MILO) seeks to reduce expressed emotion by teaching parents motivational interviewing skills such as taking a non‐judgmental stance, exploring their loved one's thoughts and feelings, expressing optimism and confidence, and avoiding taking an expert role. This report details the creation of the Motivational Interviewing for Loved Ones‐ Skills Assessment (MILO‐SA), its psychometric properties, and convergent validity with other measures of motivational interviewing adeptness.MethodsOur sample (n = 54) consisted of baseline assessments from parents participating in a pilot study of MILO. Parents were assessed for baseline knowledge of motivational interviewing as well as MILO skills with the MILO‐SA and a traditional assessment clinician application of motivational interviewing skills.ResultsWe found that the MILO‐SA displayed high interrater reliability (k = 0.81), and convergent validity with motivational interviewing knowledge (r = 0.32) as well as traditional assessments of clinician adeptness applying motivational interviewing skills (r = 0.67).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the MILO‐SA has strong psychometric properties and is a useful tool for assessing parent acquisition of motivational interviewing skills. Specifically, the MILO‐SA can be used in future studies focused on teaching non‐clinicians motivational interviewing skills.
Decolonizing affect: Resonance as an ethnographic technique
Authors: Iskra Anna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article is a call to decolonize affect theory through deepening its engagement with fieldwork conducted in the global South. It examines the native Chinese concept ofganying, or resonance, as an ethnographic technique by engaging with the author's fieldwork experiences among Body Mind Spirit practitioners in China. Participating inganyingcaptures the formation of affective atmospheres through the ethnographer's involvement in their co‐creation. Where attunement functions as a normative ideal, resonance becomes a technique of embodying responsiveness and cultivating intimacy that supports efforts to narrativize affect. Examining the genealogy ofganyingand its ethnographic applications reveals this concept's alignment with influential theorizations that in recent decades have been constructed as “new” and “paradigm shifting” contributions to the affective turn. It cautions against the risks of erasure resulting from such Eurocentric negligence of kindred notions circulated in scholarly and vernacular contexts outside of the global North.
Range‐wide population genomics of the spongy moth, Lymantria dispar (Erebidae): Implications for biosurveillance, subspecies classification and phylogeography of a destructive moth
Authors: Picq Sandrine , Wu Yunke , Martemyanov Vyacheslav V. , Pouliot Esther , Pfister Scott E. , Hamelin Richard , Cusson Michel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe spongy moth, Lymantria dispar, is an irruptive forest pest native to Eurasia where its range extends from coast to coast and overspills into northern Africa. Accidentally introduced from Europe in Massachusetts in 1868–1869, it is now established in North America where it is considered a highly destructive invasive pest. A fine‐scale characterization of its population genetic structure would facilitate identification of source populations for specimens intercepted during ship inspections in North America and would enable mapping of introduction pathways to help prevent future incursions into novel environments. In addition, detailed knowledge of L. dispar's global population structure would provide new insight into the adequacy of its current subspecies classification system and its phylogeographic history. To address these issues, we generated >2000 genotyping‐by‐sequencing‐derived SNPs from 1445 contemporary specimens sampled at 65 locations in 25 countries/3 continents. Using multiple analytical approaches, we identified eight subpopulations that could be further partitioned into 28 groups, achieving unprecedented resolution for this species' population structure. Although reconciliation between these groupings and the three currently recognized subspecies proved to be challenging, our genetic data confirmed circumscription of the japonica subspecies to Japan. However, the genetic cline observed across continental Eurasia, from L. dispar asiatica in East Asia to L. d. dispar in Western Europe, points to the absence of a sharp geographical boundary (e.g., the Ural Mountains) between these two subspecies, as suggested earlier. Importantly, moths from North America and the Caucasus/Middle East displayed high enough genetic distances from other populations to warrant their consideration as separate subspecies of L. dispar. Finally, in contrast with earlier mtDNA‐based investigations that identified the Caucasus as L. dispar's place of origin, our analyses suggest continental East Asia as its evolutionary cradle, from where it spread to Central Asia and Europe, and to Japan through Korea.
Structured knowledge creation for Urdu language: A DBpedia approach
Authors: Rasham Shanza , Khan Habib Ullah , Maqbool Fahad , Razzaq Saad , Anwar Sajid , Ilyas Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWikipedia information is extracted by DBpedia and linked to other web resources as Linked Open Data, which is an important contribution to the field of semantics. As part of its internationalisation endeavour, DBpedia now has 20 language chapters that have been mapped to it; nonetheless, there have been very few attempts from Urdu. This article outlines the procedures and highlights the efforts put forward as the first contribution to the manual creation of Urdu mappings with DBpedia Ontology classes. Our approach led to an increase in the number of mapped infoboxes, thus enhancing the DBpedia. The mapping procedure is broken down into two parts. The infobox template is first mapped to the DBpedia ontology's relevant class, and then the attributes of the infobox are mapped to the properties of that class. In addition, alongside other mapped languages, Urdu labels are included to the description of Ontology classes. We have covered around a thousand properties and attributes of Urdu with English DBpedia Ontology on DBpedia mapping server.
Predictive validity of the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old‐Old for functional disability: Using the National Health Insurance Database System
Authors: Tanaka Tomoki , Yoshizawa Yasuyo , Sugaya Kenji , Yoshida Midori , Bokyung Son , Lyu Weida , Tsushita Kazuyo , Iijima Katsuya 
Published: January 2023

AimTo enhance health services that can address multifaceted issues, the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old‐Old (QMCOO) was strategically developed to ascertain frailty status. Using the National Health Insurance database system, we aimed to clarify whether the QMCOO can predict new certifications for long‐term care for disabilities.MethodOf 20 151 adults aged ≥75 years who underwent health checkups in Kashiwa City, Japan, in fiscal year 2020 (examination rate 36.8%), 18 130 persons were included (mean age 80.1 ± 4.1 years, 55.1% women). The outcome was the new certification of long‐term care until January 2022. From the medical care receipt data, QMCOO, age, sex, living arrangement, body mass index, comorbidity, and musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases were evaluated.ResultDuring the follow‐up period, 727 (4.0%) participants had an incident disability (median follow up 457 days [quartile range 408–519 days]). The QMCOO's predictive accuracy for new long‐term care needs was optimal when the total score of 3/4 was used as the threshold. Older adults with scores ≥4 had a higher adjusted hazard ratio for incident disability (adjusted hazard ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 2.1–2.9). Furthermore, the adjusted hazard ratio was greatly enhanced with comorbidity (6.6, 95% confidence interval 4.8–8.9).ConclusionThe QMCOO, which reflects multifaceted frailty, might be predictive of incident disability, and its predictive accuracy could be improved by considering comorbidities. The comprehensive QMCOO could contribute to extending healthy life expectancy through efficiently assessing health care and preventing long‐term care, even among the old‐old in the latter stage who tended to suffer from multimorbidity. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 124–130.
Characterization of spherical silica–titania mixed oxide particles synthesized by using a dry process
Authors: Saiki Keiji , Ishikawa Toshihiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSilica–titania mixed oxides have excellent properties, such as a low thermal expansion coefficient and a refractive index that can be adjusted by changing the Ti content. However, when the Ti content increases, silica and titania phases in silica–titania mixed oxides can separate. This phase separation leads to the precipitation of the titania component as rutile or anatase crystals. When silica–titania mixed oxides undergo phase separation, their properties become unstable; for example, the refractive index of the particles becomes non‐uniform. Therefore, it is preferable to synthesize silica–titania mixed oxides in an amorphous state without causing phase separation.Based on our previous studies on particle size control in silica synthesis, we employed a dry process using organosilicon compounds to synthesize silica–titania mixed oxides. In this study, spherical amorphous silica–titania mixed oxide particles were obtained via flame synthesis using organosilicon and organotitanium compounds.The purpose of this study was to characterize the obtained powder and explore the possibility of controlling particle size during synthesis. By studying the dry process synthesis of spherical silica–titania mixed oxide particles, we confirmed the relationships: between the Si/Ti molar ratio and the obtained crystal structure and between the adiabatic flame temperature and the particle size.
Trends and disparities in ventricular tachycardia mortality in the United States
Authors: Ibrahim Ramzi , Sroubek Jakub , Nakhla Shady , Lee Justin Z. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate trends and disparities in mortality from ventricular tachycardia in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease. We performed cross‐sectional analyses using publicly available data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. We identified a total of 7025 deaths from ventricular tachycardia between the years 2007 and 2020. Overall, age‐adjusted mortality rates increased from 0.22 in 1999 to 0.32 in 2020 (p < .05). Black female and male adults had higher age‐adjusted mortality rates compared to White female and male adults, respectively (p < .05). Disproportionate age‐adjusted mortality rates among male populations and Southern residents were also observed. This study demonstrated an increase in deaths related to ventricular tachycardia since 2007. Significant differences in mortality exist across racial, gender, and geographic subgroups.