bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasive or noninvasive? A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of acupuncture and acupressure to treat sleep disturbance in cancer patients
Authors: Cheung Denise Shuk Ting , Xu Xinyi , Smith Robert , Takemura Naomi , Yeung Wing Fai , Chan Wing‐lok , Lao Lixing , Lin Chia‐Chin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundBoth acupuncture and acupressure have been suggested beneficial for reducing sleep disturbance in cancer patients. While acupuncture is invasive involving needle insertion, acupressure is noninvasive. Their comparative effectiveness is unclear, hindering clinical recommendations.AimsThis study aimed to explore the comparative effectiveness of acupuncture and acupressure on sleep in cancer patients.MethodsThis is a systematic review and Bayesian network meta‐analysis. Eight key English and Chinese databases were searched. Twenty‐four randomized controlled trials involving 2002 cancer patients comparing the effects of six treatments (manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture, acupressure, sham, enhanced usual care, and no treatment) on sleep were found.ResultsCompared with enhanced supportive care, acupressure demonstrated the largest effect size for reducing self‐reported sleep disturbance (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −2.67, 95% CrI: −3.46 to −1.90; GRADE = moderate), followed by acupuncture (SMD = −1.87, 95% CrI: −2.94 to −0.81, GRADE = moderate) and electroacupuncture (SMD = −1.60, 95% CrI: −3 to −0.21; GRADE = low). The surface under the cumulative ranking curve indicates that acupressure is most likely to rank highest.Linking Evidence to ActionBased on available evidence, acupressure can be recommended as the optimal treatment for reducing sleep disturbance in cancer patients. More rigorous trials are warranted to confirm whether different forms of acupuncture or acupressure have different effects on sleep in cancer patients. Particularly, studies examining acupuncture interventions alone instead of in combination with other therapies are needed.
Acute hypoxia elicits lasting reductions in the sympathetic action potential transduction of arterial blood pressure in males
Authors: Shafer Brooke M. , Nardone Massimo , Incognito Anthony V. , Vermeulen Tyler D. , Teixeira André L. , Millar Philip J. , Sheel A. William , West Chris , Ayas Najib , Foster Glen E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPost‐hypoxia sympathoexcitation does not elicit corresponding changes in vascular tone, suggesting diminished sympathetic signalling. Blunted sympathetic transduction following acute hypoxia, however, has not been confirmed and the effects of hypoxia on the sympathetic transduction of mean arterial pressure (MAP) as a function of action potential (AP) activity is unknown. We hypothesized that MAP changes would be blunted during acute hypoxia but restored in recovery and asynchronous APs would elicit smaller MAP changes than synchronous APs. Seven healthy males (age: 24 (3) years; BMI: 25 (3) kg/m2) underwent 20 min isocapnic hypoxia (PETO2: 47 (2) mmHg) and 30 min recovery. Multi‐unit microneurography (muscle sympathetic nerve activity; MSNA) and continuous wavelet transform with matched mother wavelet was used to detect sympathetic APs during baseline, hypoxia, early (first 7 min) and late (last 7 min) recovery. AP groups were classified as synchronous APs, asynchronous APs (occurring outside an MSNA burst) and no AP activity. Sympathetic transduction of MAP was quantified using signal‐averaging, with ΔMAP tracked following AP group cardiac cycles. Following synchronous APs, ΔMAP was reduced in hypoxia (+1.8 (0.9) mmHg) and early recovery (+1.5 (0.7) mmHg) compared with baseline (+3.1 (2.2) mmHg). AP group‐by‐condition interactions show that at rest asynchronous APs attenuate MAP reductions compared with no AP activity (−0.4 (1.1) vs. −2.2 (1.2) mmHg, respectively), with no difference between AP groups in hypoxia, early or late recovery. Sympathetic transduction of MAP is blunted in hypoxia and early recovery. At rest, asynchronous sympathetic APs contribute to neural regulation of MAP by attenuating nadir pressure responses.
imageKey points
Acute isocapnic hypoxia elicits lasting sympathoexcitation that does not correspond to parallel changes in vascular tone, suggesting blunted sympathetic transduction.
Signal‐averaging techniques track the magnitude and temporal cardiovascular responses following integrated muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) burst and non‐burst cardiac cycles. However, this does not fully characterize the effects of sympathetic action potential (AP) activity on blood pressure control.
We show that hypoxia blunts the sympathetic transduction of mean arterial pressure (MAP) following synchronous APs that form integrated MSNA bursts and that sympathetic transduction of MAP remains attenuated into early recovery.
At rest, asynchronous APs attenuate the reduction in MAP compared with cardiac cycles following no AP activity, thus asynchronous sympathetic APs appear to contribute to the neural regulation of blood pressure.
The results advance our understanding of sympathetic transduction of arterial pressure during and following exposure to acute isocapnic hypoxia in humans.
Dimensional Analysis in Error Reduction for Prediction of Nucleate Boiling Heat Flux by Artificial Neural Networks for Limited Dataset
Authors: Banerjee Sandipan , Sussman Mark , Lian Yongsheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this work, artificial neural networks (ANNs) is used to predict nucleate boiling heat flux by learning from a dataset of twelve experimental parameters across 231 independent samples. An approach to reduce the number of parameters involved and to increase model accuracy is proposed and implemented. The proposed approach consists of two steps. In the first step, a feature importance study is performed to determine the most significant parameters. Only important features are used in the second step. In the second step, dimensional analysis is performed on these important parameters. Neural network analysis is then conducted based on dimensionless parameters. The results indicate that the proposed feature importance study and dimensional analysis can significantly improve the ANNs performance. It also show that model errors based on the reduced dataset are considerably lower than those based on the initial dataset. The study based on other machine learning models also shows that the reduced dataset generate better results. The results conclude that ANNs outperform other machine learning algorithms and outperform a well-known boiling correlation equation. Additionally, the feature importance study concludes that wall superheat, gravity and liquid subcooling are the three most significant parameters in the prediction of heat flux for nucleate boiling. Novel results quantifying parameter significance in surface tension dominated (SDB) and buoyancy dominated (BDB) boiling regimes have been reported. The results show that surface tension and liquid subcooling are the most significant parameters in SDB regime with a combined contribution percentage of 60%, while wall superheat and gravity are the most significant parameters in BDB regime with a combined contribution percentage of 70%.
Numerical Prediction and Correlations of Effective Thermal Conductivity in a Drilled-Hollow-Sphere Architected Foam
Authors: Gurra Eva , Iasiello Marcello , Naso Vincenzo , Chiu Wilson K. S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing is now a promising option to obtain porous customized structures at relatively low scales. The capability to design structures with tunable heat transfer performance compared to conventional porous materials, such as open-cell foams, is very interesting to the user. In this study, we investigated heat conduction in a drilled-hollow-sphere architected foam, inspired by Triply-Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) and foam structures, generated using perforated spherical hollow shells connected with cylindrical binders. Temperature fields and heat fluxes in the foam were predicted numerically, and the effective thermal conductivity of the foam was calculated for different sets of the binder angle, the shell thickness, and the perforation radius. The dependence of the foam porosity on the binder angle and perforation radius was also pointed out. Predictions were validated by comparing them with data available from the literature. Results showed that varying the characteristics of the investigated drilled-hollow-sphere architected foam, its predicted effective thermal conductivity can be adjusted by more than one order of magnitude larger or smaller than that of conventional foams, making architected foams promising enhancers of their heat transfer performance. Finally, new dimensionless correlations among the effective thermal conductivity and some significant morphological parameters of the foam were derived and presented for practical use.
Discovery of super–insecticide-resistant dengue mosquitoes in Asia: Threats of concomitant knockdown resistance mutations
Authors: Kasai Shinji , Itokawa Kentaro , Uemura Nozomi , Takaoka Aki , Furutani Shogo , Maekawa Yoshihide , Kobayashi Daisuke , Imanishi-Kobayashi Nozomi , Amoa-Bosompem Michael , Murota Katsunori , Higa Yukiko , Kawada Hitoshi , Minakawa Noboru , Cuong Tran Chi , Yen Nguyen Thi , Phong Tran Vu , Keo Sath , Kang Kroesna , Miura Kozue , Ng Lee Ching , Teng Hwa-Jen , Dadzie Samuel , Subekti Sri , Mulyatno Kris Cahyo , Sawabe Kyoko , Tomita Takashi , Komagata Osamu 
Published: December 2022

Aedes aegypti
(Linnaeus, 1762) is the main mosquito vector for dengue and other arboviral infectious diseases. Control of this important vector highly relies on the use of insecticides, especially pyrethroids. The high frequency (>78%) of the L982W substitution was detected at the target site of the pyrethroid insecticide, the voltage-gated sodium channel (Vgsc) of
A. aegypti
collected from Vietnam and Cambodia. Alleles having concomitant mutations L982W + F1534C and V1016G + F1534C were also confirmed in both countries, and their frequency was high (>90%) in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Strains having these alleles exhibited substantially higher levels of pyrethroid resistance than any other field population ever reported. The L982W substitution has never been detected in any country of the Indochina Peninsula except Vietnam and Cambodia, but it may be spreading to other areas of Asia, which can cause an unprecedentedly serious threat to the control of dengue fever as well as other
Aedes
-borne infectious diseases.
Impact of CD4 T cells on intratumoral CD8 T-cell exhaustion and responsiveness to PD-1 blockade therapy in mouse brain tumors
Authors: Khan Saad M , Desai Rupen , Coxon Andrew , Livingstone Alexandra , Dunn Gavin P , Petti Allegra , Johanns Tanner M 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundGlioblastoma is a fatal disease despite aggressive multimodal therapy. PD-1 blockade, a therapy that reinvigorates hypofunctional exhausted CD8 T cells (Tex) in many malignancies, has not shown efficacy in glioblastoma. Loss of CD4 T cells can lead to an exhausted CD8 T-cell phenotype, and terminally exhausted CD8 T cells (Texterm) do not respond to PD-1 blockade. GL261 and CT2A are complementary orthotopic models of glioblastoma. GL261 has a functional CD4 T-cell compartment and is responsive to PD-1 blockade; notably, CD4 depletion abrogates this survival benefit. CT2A is composed of dysfunctional CD4 T cells and is PD-1 blockade unresponsive. We leverage these models to understand the impact of CD4 T cells on CD8 T-cell exhaustion and PD-1 blockade sensitivity in glioblastoma.MethodsSingle-cell RNA sequencing was performed on flow sorted tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from female C57/BL6 mice implanted with each model, with and without PD-1 blockade therapy. CD8+and CD4+T cells were identified and separately analyzed. Survival analyses were performed comparing PD-1 blockade therapy, CD40 agonist or combinatorial therapy.ResultsThe CD8 T-cell compartment of the models is composed of heterogenous CD8 Texsubsets, including progenitor exhausted CD8 T cells (Texprog), intermediate Tex, proliferating Tex, and Texterm. GL261 is enriched with the PD-1 responsive Texprogsubset relative to the CT2A and CD4-depleted GL261 models, which are composed predominantly of the PD-1 blockade refractory Textermsubset. Analysis of the CD4 T-cell compartments revealed that the CT2A microenvironment is enriched with a suppressive Tregsubset and an effector CD4 T-cell subset that expresses an inhibitory interferon-stimulated (Isc) signature. Finally, we demonstrate that addition of CD40 agonist to PD-1 blockade therapy improves survival in CT2A tumor-bearing mice.ConclusionsHere, we describe that dysfunctional CD4 T cells are associated with terminal CD8 T-cell exhaustion, suggesting CD4 T cells impact PD-1 blockade efficacy by controlling the severity of exhaustion. Given that CD4 lymphopenia is frequently observed in patients with glioblastoma, this may represent a basis for resistance to PD-1 blockade. We demonstrate that CD40 agonism may circumvent a dysfunctional CD4 compartment to improve PD-1 blockade responsiveness, supporting a novel synergistic immunotherapeutic approach.
Modeling resistance of colorectal peritoneal metastases to immune checkpoint blockade in humanized mice
Authors: Küçükköse Emre , Heesters Balthasar A , Villaudy Julien , Verheem André , Cercel Madalina , van Hal Susan , Boj Sylvia F , Borel Rinkes Inne H M , Punt Cornelis J A , Roodhart Jeanine M L , Laoukili Jamila , Koopman Miriam , Spits Hergen , Kranenburg Onno 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe immunogenic nature of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) underlies their responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). However, resistance to ICB is commonly observed, and is associated with the presence of peritoneal-metastases and ascites formation. The mechanisms underlying this site-specific benefit of ICB are unknown.MethodsWe created a novel model for spontaneous multiorgan metastasis in MSI-H CRC tumors by transplanting patient-derived organoids (PDO) into the cecum of humanized mice. Anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocytes-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) ICB treatment effects were analyzed in relation to the immune context of primary tumors, liver metastases, and peritoneal metastases. Immune profiling was performed by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing. The role of B cells was assessed by antibody-mediated depletion. Immunosuppressive cytokine levels (interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)b1, TGFb2, TGFb3) were determined in ascites and serum samples by ELISA.ResultsPDO-initiated primary tumors spontaneously metastasized to the liver and the peritoneum. Peritoneal-metastasis formation was accompanied by the accumulation of ascites. ICB completely cleared liver metastases and reduced primary tumor mass but had no effect on peritoneal metastases. This mimics clinical observations. After therapy discontinuation, primary tumor masses progressively decreased, but peritoneal metastases displayed unabated growth. Therapy efficacy correlated with the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS)—containing B cells and juxtaposed T cells—and with expression of an interferon-γ signature together with the B cell chemoattractant CXCL13. B cell depletion prevented liver-metastasis clearance by anti-CTLA-4 treatment. Peritoneal metastases were devoid of B cells and TLS, while the T cells in these lesions displayed a dysfunctional phenotype. Ascites samples from patients with cancer with peritoneal metastases and from the mouse model contained significantly higher levels of IL-10, TGFb1, TGFb2 and TGFb3 than serum samples.ConclusionsBy combining organoid and humanized mouse technologies, we present a novel model for spontaneous multiorgan metastasis by MSI-H CRC, in which the clinically observed organ site-dependent benefit of ICB is recapitulated. Moreover, we provide empirical evidence for a critical role for B cells in the generation of site-dependent antitumor immunity following anti-CTLA-4 treatment. High levels of immunosuppressive cytokines in ascites may underlie the observed resistance of peritoneal metastases to ICB.
Modification of PLAC8 by UFM1 affects tumorous proliferation and immune response by impacting PD-L1 levels in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Mao Misha , Chen Yongxia , Yang Jingjing , Cheng Yifan , Xu Ling , Ji Feiyang , Zhou Jichun , Zhang Xun , Li Zhaoqing , Chen Cong , Ju Siwei , Zhang Jiahang , Wang Linbo 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer is characterized by a poor prognosis and lack of targeted treatments, and thus, new targeting markers and therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. We previously indicated that PLAC8 promotes tumorigenesis and exerts multidrug resistance in breast cancer. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the PLAC8-regulated network in triple-negative breast cancer.MethodsWe measured the levels of PLAC8 in breast cancer cell lines and found that PLAC8 is post-translationally modified by ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1). Then, we revealed a new regulatory system of PD-L1 by PLAC8 in triple-negative breast cancer. We also tested the molecular functions of PLAC8 in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines and measured the expression of PLAC8 and PD-L1 in breast cancer tissues.ResultsPLAC8 was generally highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer and could be modified by UFM1, which maintains PLAC8 protein stability. Moreover, PLAC8 could promote cancer cell proliferation and affect the immune response by regulating the level of PD-L1 ubiquitination. Additionally, among patients with breast cancer, the expression of PLAC8 was higher in triple-negative breast cancer than in non-triple-negative breast cancer and positively correlated with the level of PD-L1.ConclusionsOur current study discoveries a new PLAC8-regulated network in triple-negative breast cancer and provides corresponding guidance for the clinical diagnosis and immunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer.
Is the folk medicine known as “The Secret” efficient in reducing bleeding after percutaneous coronary procedures?: a double-blinded, randomised trial
Authors: Ferry Charlie , Puricel Serban , Lehmann Sonja , Rickard Kit , Meier Pascal , Togni Mario , Diego Arroyo , Cook Stéphane 
Published: December 2022

AimPercutaneous coronary interventions require an arterial approach and administration of antithrombotic drugs. This may lead to bleeding complications. The aim of this study was to test whether “The Secret” – a pagan prayer – is effective in reducing post-interventional bleeding.DesignRandomised controlled trial.SettingMonocentric, tertiary care centre.ParticipantsFrom January to July 2022, 200 patients (aged >18 years) undergoing elective coronary angiography were included in the study.InterventionThe intervention group received “The Secret”in addition to the normal procedure. The control group was treated according to standard practice.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the rate of in-hospital bleeding according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) consensus definition.ResultsThe rate of bleeding was similar in both groups (“The Secret” group vs control group) with 16% versus 14% (p=0.69) of BARC 1, 12% versus 13% (p=0.81) of BARC 2, and 0% versus 0% of BARC 3 and 5 (p=1.00). Most (76%) of the participants believed that “The Secret”would be efficient in preventing bleeding.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates no effect on bleeding after percutaneous coronary procedures. A large majority of our study population believe that “The Secret”can have a positive effect on their hospital care.
On the breakdown of the perturbative interaction picture in Big Crunch/Big Bang or the true reason why perturbative string amplitudes on temporal orbifolds diverge
Authors: Pesando Igor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe discuss how the perturbative particle paradigm fails in certain background with space-like singularity but asymptotically flat which should admit a S-matrix. The Feynman approach relies on the interaction picture. This approach means that we can interpret interactions as exchanges of particles. Particles are the modes of the quadratic part of the Lagrangian. In certain backgrounds with space-like singularity the interaction Hamiltonian is well defined but the perturbative expansion of the evolution operator through the singularity and the perturbative S matrix do not exist. On the other hand, relying on minisuperspace approximation we argue that the non perturbative evolution operator does exist. The complete breakdown of the perturbative expansion explains why the perturbative computations in the covariant formalism in string theory in temporal orbifold fail, at least at the tree level.
Shadowing effects in the diffractive scattering of virtual photons on nuclei and its interference with the process of bremsstrahlung
Authors: Sandrock Alexander 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn cosmic ray physics and high-energy neutrino astronomy, muons are ubiquitous. Due to their slow energy loss and consequently large range at high energies, the correct simulation of their transport through matter is especially important for underground experiments. The dominant energy loss processes are ionization and at higher energies pair production, bremsstrahlung and inelastic interaction with nuclei. A muon energy loss process, which has hitherto been neglected in such simulations, is the diffractive scattering of virtual photons on nuclei. As the elastic channel of this process has the same final state as the bremsstrahlung process $$(\mu + A \rightarrow \mu + A + \gamma )$$

(
μ
+
A
→
μ
+
A
+
γ
)

, an interference term arises, whose sign depends on the charge of the lepton. It is found that the contribution of this process was overestimated in earlier works and is significantly affected by shadowing.
Vacua by derivative corrections in $$\mathcal {N} = 1$$ supergravity with matter multiplets
Authors: Inoue Atsuki , Sasaki Shin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe study the vacuum structures of four-dimen-sional $$\mathcal {N} = 1$$

N
=
1

old minimal supergravity with higher derivative corrections. We find that $$\mathcal {N} = 1$$

N
=
1

supergravity with Riemann curvature square corrections and higher derivative matter chiral multiplets induces a non-trivial de Sitter vacuum, even in the absence of superpotentials. This vacuum generically breaks supersymmetry. We show that the auxiliary fields in the gravity and the chiral multiples play important roles to generate a potential in supersymmetric higher derivative theories.