bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐throughput screening for prescribing cascades among real world statin initiators
Authors: Vouri Scott M. , Morris Earl J. , Walsh Marta , Agalliu Jessica , Dempsey Alyssa , Hochleitner Leonie , Muschett Matthew R. , Schmidt Stephan , Pepine Carl J. , Smith Steven M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeStatins are among the most prevalent medications prescribed and associated with adverse events that may prompt additional treatment (i.e., a prescribing cascade). No comprehensive assessment of statin‐related prescribing cascades has been performed to our knowledge.MethodsWe utilized sequence symmetry analysis to iteratively screen prescribing sequences of all therapeutic classes (“marker” classes) based on Level 4 Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes among adult statin initiators, using IBM Marketscan commercial and Medicare supplemental claims databases (2005–2019). Order of initiation and secular trend‐adjusted sequence ratios were calculated for each statin‐marker class dyad, among marker class initiators ±90 days of statin initiation. Among signals classified as prescribing cascades, we calculated naturalistic number needed to harm (NNTH) within 1 year as the inverse of the excess risk among exposed.ResultsWe identified 2 265 519 statin initiators (mean ± SD age, 56.4 ± 12.0 years; 48.7% women; 7.5% with cardiovascular disease). Simvastatin (34.4% of statin initiators) and atorvastatin (33.9%) were the most commonly initiated statins. We identified 160 significant statin‐marker class dyad signals, of which 35.6% (n = 57) were classified as potential prescribing cascades. Of the top 25 strongest signals (lowest NNTH), 12 were classified as potential prescribing cascades, including osmotically acting laxatives (NNTH, 44, 95% CI 43–46), opioids + non‐opioid combination analgesics (81, 95% CI 74–91), and first‐generation cephalosporins (204, 95% CI 175–246).ConclusionsUsing high‐throughput sequence symmetry analysis screening, we identified previously known prescribing cascades as well as potentially new prescribing cascades based on known and unknown statin‐related adverse events.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Density Functional Theory Investigation and Molecular Docking Studies of Formohydrazide‐Based Hydrazones as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Gunavathi S. , Venkateswaramoorthi R. , Arulvani K. , Bharanidharan S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new series of hydrazones have been synthesized by the condensation of substituted aromatic aldehydes and formohydrazide with equal mol ratio. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR spectral techniques. The quantum chemical computations were done using the DFT method with a B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. The calculated bond parameters such as bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles were determined using the same level of theory. The NLO properties of compound (1 a) were determined using a first‐order hyperpolarizability calculation (β0=1.73605×10−30 esu). In Homo‐Lumo analysis, the smaller energy gap value of compound 1 a was calculated at 3.52723 eV. Moreover, the Mullikan atomic charges were also calculated and studied in detail. Bromo‐substituted compounds (1 a) and ethyl‐substituted (1 c) compounds show excellent antibacterial and antifungal activity against the corresponding strains. The target compound is shown to be an effective inhibitor. The amide group in the LYS389 interacts with the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group at a distance of 2.5 Å. The co‐crystallized ligand also docked well and it shows better interactions.
New Diacetic Acids Containing Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one: Synthesis, Characterization, Anticholinergic Properties, DFT Analysis and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Tokalı Feyzi Sinan , Sağlamtaş Rüya , Öztekin Aykut , Yırtıcı Ümit , Çomaklı Veysel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, a new series of quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones, which constitute an important part of biologically active heterocyclic compounds, were synthesized with excellent yields (99‐94 %). The structures of the synthesized compounds (1–14) were characterized with Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR –13C NMR), and high‐resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition properties were examined to evaluate the anticholinergic properties of the synthesized compounds. For AChE, molecules showed IC50in ranging of 16.27–9.12 μM and Kis in ranging of 19.20±0.68–4.83±0.19 μM. For BChE, molecules showed IC50in ranging of 16.77–8.50 μM and Kis in ranging of 10.35±2.15–3.38±0.25 μM. Molecular docking was performed to determine the predicted interactions between the synthesized molecules and enzymes. Additionally, Density‐functional theory (DFT) studies were also carried out to clarify the electronic structures of compounds.
Preparation and Electrochemical Characterisation of an Iron‐Nickel‐Doped Sucrose‐Derived Carbon Material for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Sangamithirai Muthukumaran , Mathi Selvam , Ashok Venkatachalam , Jayabharathi Jayaraman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe development of non‐precious metals electrocatalysts for renewable energy and hydrogen production has been gaining increased attention. Serpent carbon grown from a cost‐effective combustion process having large pores is employed as a substrate for metal doping (Fe−Ni@SC) by a simple solvothermal method. In an alkaline medium, Fe−Ni@SC/GC split water at 1.52 V, and the Tafel slope of 63 mV dec−1 (Fe−Ni@SC) was found to be lower than IrO2 (92 mV dec−1). In a three‐electrode system, Fe−Ni@SC/NF splits water at 1.48 V and exhibits a small overpotential of 252 mV at 10 mA cm−2 that is stable for 150 h with a potential loss of 4.2 %. Excellent OER performances have been displayed by the robust Fe−Ni@SC catalyst, which has sufficient kinetics to address the sluggish water oxidation. The fragmented plates morphology of Fe−Ni@SC was useful for the transportation of ions and reduced traffic congestion during the electrochemical process. The solar water electrolyser splits water at 1.55 V, which illustrates the effectiveness of an optimised electrocatalyst for the conversion of solar energy to hydrogen production. Hence, Fe−Ni@SC can be utilised to generate huge amount of hydrogen at low cost.
Isolation of Highly Reactive Cobalt Phthalocyanine via Electrochemical Activation for Enhanced CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wu Xuefeng , Zhao Jia Yue , Sun Ji Wei , Li Wen Jing , Yuan Hai Yang , Liu Peng Fei , Dai Sheng , Yang Hua Gui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrochemical CO2‐to‐CO conversion offers an attractive and efficient route to recycle CO2 greenhouse gas. Molecular catalysts, like CoPc, are proved to be possible replacement for precious metal‐based catalysts. These molecules, a combination of metal center and organic ligand molecule, may evolve into single atom structure for enhanced performance; besides, the manipulation of molecules’ behavior also plays an important role in mechanism research. Here, in this work, the structure evolution of CoPc molecules is investigated via electrochemical‐induced activation process. After numbers of cyclic voltammetry scanning, CoPc molecular crystals become cracked and crumbled, meanwhile the released CoPc molecules migrate to the conductive substrate. Atomic‐scale HAADF‐STEM proves the migration of CoPc molecules, which is the main reason for the enhancement in CO2‐to‐CO performance. The as‐activated CoPc exhibits a maximum FECO of 99% in an H‐type cell and affords a long‐term durability at 100 mA cm−2 for 29.3 h in a membrane electrode assembly reactor. Density‐functional theory (DFT) calculation also demonstrates a favorable CO2 activation energy with such an activated CoPc structure. This work provides a different perspective for understanding molecular catalysts as well as a reliable and universal method for practical utilization.
Sensing Properties of Solid Electrolyte NOx Sensor Using NASICON and Perovskite‐Type Oxide Electrode
Authors: Takahashi Hiromi , Takase Satoko , Shimizu Youichi 
Published: March 2023

Solid electrolyte‐based electrochemical devices fabricated with Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NASICON), and perovskite‐type oxide electrodes have been systematically examined. The elements attached with the perovskite‐type oxides [A1−xA'xBO3] (A = La, Nd and Y, A' = Ca and Sr., B = Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn and Ru, x = 0–0.4) exhibited rather good performance for the electromotive force responses which were almost linear to the logarithm of NO or NO2 concentration. Among sensors attached with various electrodes, the device using the NdCrO3 electrode gave the excellent NO sensing properties. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
The importance and requirement of evidence‐based medicine to expand the use of Kampo medicine
Authors: Uezono Yasuhito 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer treatment is one of the major projects in the world due to the highest number of deaths. In recent years, chemotherapy, surgical treatment, radiation and immune checkpoint therapy have been used for the treatment of cancer patients. In association with these treatments, the number of cancer survivors has also increased. On the other hand, the number of patients suffering from side effects of cancer treatment is increasing, and the importance of cancer supportive care is being emphasized.Japanese Herbal MedicineJapanese herbal medicine, Kampo, has been developed since it was imported from China. Kampo medicine is effectively used in Japan to relieve several symptoms that Western medicine cannot address. However, evidence‐based medicine is essential for the expansion of the use of Kampo in the clinical field.Needs of Evidence‐Based Medical ResearchOwing to the development of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and a variety of molecular biology tools, we are now able to examine profiles of particular effective ingredients included in Kampo medicines. We now are investigating the effects of Kampo medicine on ameliorating adverse effects by searching and analyzing targets for Kampo medicine in cancer patients. In light of this point, properties of hangeshashinto and rikkunshito, two representatives of Kampo medicine, are shown based on their established scientific evidence.ConclusionIn the present study, we show the importance and requirement of evidence‐based medicine to expand the use of Kampo medicine.
Exosomal ZFPM2‐AS1 contributes to tumorigenesis, metastasis, stemness, macrophage polarization, and infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma through PKM mediated glycolysis
Authors: Ji Wenjing , Bai Jie , Ke Yue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith high morbidity and mortality, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) deserves further exploration in its pathogenesis mechanisms for promising prognostic and therapeutic markers. This research was conducted to dig out roles of exosomal ZFPM2‐AS1 in HCC.MethodsThe level of exosomal ZFPM2‐AS1 in HCC tissue and cells was determined by Real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Pull‐down assay and dual‐luciferase reporter assay were performed to identify interactions between ZFPM2‐AS1 and miRNA‐18b‐5p, as well as miRNA‐18b‐5p and PKM. Western blotting was employed to explore the potential regulatory mechanism. Several in vitro assays were conducted in mice xenograft and orthotopic transplantation models to investigate impacts of exosomal ZFPM2‐AS1 on HCC development, metastasis, and macrophage infiltration.ResultsZFPM2‐AS1 was activated in HCC tissue and cells, with high enrichment in HCC‐derived exosomes. Exosomal ZFPM2‐AS1 enhances the cell abilities and stemness of HCC. MiRNA‐18b‐5p was directly targeted by ZFPM2‐AS1 which triggered PKM expression via sponging miR‐18b‐5p. Exosomal ZFPM2‐AS1 modulated glycolysis via PKM in an HIF‐1α dependent way in HCC, promoting M2 polarization, and macrophage recruitment. Furthermore, exosomal ZFPM2‐AS1 enhanced HCC cell growth, metastasis, and M2 infiltration in vivo.ConclusionsExosomal ZFPM2‐AS1 exerted regulatory function on the progression of HCC via miR‐18b‐5p/PKM axis. ZFPM2‐AS1 could be promising biomarker for the diagnosis and therapies of HCC.
Investigations into ferroptosis in methylmercury‐induced acute kidney injury in mice
Authors: Ye Yingrong , Chen Yichun , Wu Hanpeng , Fu Yiwu , Sun Youpeng , Wang Xia , Li Peixuan , Wu Zhikai , Wang Jingjing , Yang Zhengtao , Zhou Ershun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMethylmercury (MeHg) is a highly poisonous form of mercury and a risk factor for kidney impairment in humans that currently has no effective means of therapy. Ferroptosis is a non‐apoptotic metabolic cell death linked to numerous diseases. It is currently unknown whether ferroptosis takes part in MeHg‐induced kidney damage. Here, we established a model of acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice by gavage with different doses of MeHg (0, 40, 80, 160 μmol/kg). Serological analysis revealed elevated levels of UA, UREA, and CREA; H&E staining showed variable degrees of renal tubule injury; qRT‐PCR detection displayed increased expression of KIM‐1 and NGAL in the groups with MeHg treatment, indicated that MeHg successfully induced AKI. Furthermore, MDA levels enhanced in renal tissues of mice with MeHg exposure whereas GSH levels decreased; ACSL4 and PTGS2 nucleic acid levels elevated while SLC7A11 levels reduced; transmission electron microscopy illustrated that the density of the mitochondrial membrane thickened and the ridge reduced considerably; protein levels for 4HNE and TfR1 improved since GPX4 levels declined, all these results implying the involvement of ferroptosis as a result of MeHg exposure. Additionally, the observed elevation in the protein levels of NLRP3, p‐p65, p‐p38, p‐ERK1/2, and KEAP1 in tandem with downregulated Nrf2 expression levels indicate the involvement of the NF‐κB/NLRP3/MAPK/Nrf2 pathways. All the above findings suggested that ferroptosis and the NF‐κB/NLRP3/MAPK/Nrf2 pathways are implicated in MeHg‐induced AKI, thereby providing a theoretical foundation and reference for future investigations into the prevention and treatment of MeHg‐induced kidney injury.
Profiles of Angola’s Biomes and Ecoregions
Authors: Huntley Brian John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEach of Angola’s 6 biomes and 16 ecoregions is described and illustrated by habitat photographs to provide an introduction to their distribution, physiognomic structure and floristic and faunistic composition. The largest ecoregion (Angolan Wet Miombo Woodlands) covers 408,457 km2, or 34.8% of the country, while the smallest (Afromontane Forest) covers less than 200 km2 or 0.01% of Angola. Ecoregions are thus defined and mapped not on physical dimension but on their landscape and climatic characteristics, vegetation structure and floristic composition, and their land use potential.
Parametric resonance in neutrino oscillations induced by ultra-light dark matter and implications for KamLAND and JUNO
Authors: Losada Marta , Nir Yosef , Perez Gilad , Savoray Inbar , Shpilman Yogev 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
If Ultra-light dark matter (ULDM) exists and couples to neutrinos, the neutrino oscillation probability might be significantly altered by a parametric resonance. This resonance can occur if the typical frequency of neutrino flavor-oscillations ∆m2/(2E), where ∆m2 is the mass-squared difference of the neutrinos and E is the neutrino energy, matches the oscillation frequency of the ULDM field, determined by its mass, mϕ. The resonance could lead to observable effects even if the ULDM coupling is very small, and even if its typical oscillation period, given by τϕ = 2π/mϕ, is much shorter than the experimental temporal resolution. Defining a small parameter ϵϕ to be the ratio between the contribution of the ULDM field to the neutrino mass and the vacuum value of the neutrino mass, the impact of the resonance is particularly significant if ϵϕmϕL ≳ 4, where L is the distance between the neutrino source and the detector. An outlier in the data collected by the KamLAND experiment which, until now, has been assumed to constitute a statistical fluctuation, or associated with the binning, can actually be explained by such narrow parametric resonance, without affecting the measurements of other current neutrino oscillation experiments. This scenario will be tested by the JUNO experiment.
The Social-Ecological System of Farmers’ Current Soil Carbon Management in Australian Grazing Lands
Authors: Amin Md Nurul , Lobry de Bruyn Lisa , Hossain Md Sarwar , Lawson Andrew , Wilson Brian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSoil carbon sequestration programmes are a way of offsetting GHG emissions, however, it requires agricultural landholders to be engaged in such initiatives for carbon offsets to occur. Farmer engagement is low in market-based programmes for soil carbon credits in Australia. We interviewed long-term practitioners (n = 25) of rotational grazing in high-rainfall lands of New South Wales, Australia to understand their current social-ecological system (SES) of soil carbon management (SCM). The aim was to identify those components of the SES that motivate them to manage soil carbon and also influence their potential engagement in soil carbon sequestration programmes. Utilising first-tier and second-tier concepts from Ostrom’s SES framework, the interview data were coded and identified a total of 51 features that characterised the farmers’ SES of SCM. Network analysis of farmer interview data revealed that the current SES of SCM has low connectivity among the SES features (30%). In four workshops with interviewed farmers (n = 2) and invited service providers (n = 2) the 51 features were reviewed and participants decided on the positioning and the interactions between features that were considered to influence SCM into a causal loop diagram. Post-workshop, 10 feedback loops were identified that revealed the different and common perspectives of farmers and service providers on SCM in a consolidated causal loop diagram. Defining the SES relationships for SCM can identify the challenges and needs of stakeholders, particularly farmers, which can then be addressed to achieve local, national and international objectives, such as SCM co-benefits, GHG reduction, carbon sequestration targets and SDGs.
Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Clustering IC Topographies of EEGs
Authors: Munilla Jorge , Al-Safi Haedar E. S. , Ortiz Andrés , Luque Juan L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClustering of independent component (IC) topographies of Electroencephalograms (EEG) is an effective way to find brain-generated IC processes associated with a population of interest, particularly for those cases where event-related potential features are not available. This paper proposes a novel algorithm for the clustering of these IC topographies and compares its results with the most currently used clustering algorithms. In this study, 32-electrode EEG signals were recorded at a sampling rate of 500 Hz for 48 participants. EEG signals were pre-processed and IC topographies computed using the AMICA algorithm. The algorithm implements a hybrid approach where genetic algorithms are used to compute more accurate versions of the centroids and the final clusters after a pre-clustering phase based on spectral clustering. The algorithm automatically selects the optimum number of clusters by using a fitness function that involves local-density along with compactness and separation criteria. Specific internal validation metrics adapted to the use of the absolute correlation coefficient as the similarity measure are defined for the benchmarking process. Assessed results across different ICA decompositions and groups of subjects show that the proposed clustering algorithm significantly outperforms the (baseline) clustering algorithms provided by the software EEGLAB, including CORRMAP.
Multi-camera BEV video-surveillance system for efficient monitoring of social distancing
Authors: Montero David , Aranjuelo Nerea , Leskovsky Peter , Loyo Estíbaliz , Nieto Marcos , Aginako Naiara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe current sanitary emergency situation caused by COVID-19 has increased the interest in controlling the flow of people in indoor infrastructures, to ensure compliance with the established security measures. Top view camera-based solutions have proven to be an effective and non-invasive approach to accomplish this task. Nevertheless, current solutions suffer from scalability problems: they cover limited range areas to avoid dealing with occlusions and only work with single camera scenarios. To overcome these problems, we present an efficient and scalable people flow monitoring system that relies on three main pillars: an optimized top view human detection neural network based on YOLO-V4, capable of working with data from cameras at different heights; a multi-camera 3D detection projection and fusion procedure, which uses the camera calibration parameters for an accurate real-world positioning; and a tracking algorithm which jointly processes the 3D detections coming from all the cameras, allowing the traceability of individuals across the entire infrastructure. The conducted experiments show that the proposed system generates robust performance indicators and that it is suitable for real-time applications to control sanitary measures in large infrastructures. Furthermore, the proposed projection approach achieves an average positioning error below 0.2 meters, with an improvement of more than 4 times compared to other methods.
Adapting a Counseling-Plus-mHealth Intervention for the Virtual Environment to Reduce Sexual and Reproductive Health Risk Among Young Women with Depression
Authors: O’Connell Maddie , Gluskin Brittany , Parker Sarah , Burke Pamela J. , Pluhar Emily , Guss Carly E. , Shrier Lydia A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMARSSI (Momentary Affect Regulation – Safer Sex Intervention) is a counseling-plus-mobile health (mhealth) intervention to reduce sexual and reproductive health (SRH) risks for women with depression and high-risk sexual behavior. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic limiting in-person care, we sought to develop the counseling and mhealth app onboarding for virtual implementation. A team with SRH, adolescent medicine, motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, and technology expertise adapted the counseling through an iterative consensus process. We identified essential aspects of the counseling, specified the content so the counseling could be delivered in person or virtually with fidelity, and considered best practices for telehealth for the focus population. Virtual counseling retained key elements from in-person counseling while including enhancements with engaging visual and audio–video aids. Instructions and programming were developed to support virtual counseling delivery and onboarding for the mhealth app component of MARSSI. After testing the virtual format in mock sessions, we implemented a small-scale feasibility study in an adolescent medicine clinic with women with depressive symptoms and high-risk sexual behavior age 18–24 years (N = 9). Participants experienced minimal technical difficulties and expressed satisfaction with the virtual format, and all were able to complete app onboarding successfully. Expanding delivery options for SRH interventions to include virtual can improve access, particularly for populations with psychological and environmental barriers to care.