bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of early adoption of nonenhanced computed tomography on management of patients with pyogenic liver abscess
Authors: Chiang Tung‐Ying , Huang Yung‐Ning , Weng Yu‐Chieh , Liu Xiang‐Bo , Zeng Chun‐Guang , Yang Guang‐Ming , Lee Jung‐Chieh , Liu Peng‐Xiang , Yang Chih‐Kai , Cheng Pei‐Ting , Hsieh Hui‐Shan , Chen Wei‐Ting , Lu Yang‐Bor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimA pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is an infectious disease with high in‐hospital mortality. It has no specific symptoms and is difficult to be diagnosed early in the emergency department. Ultrasound is commonly used to detect PLA lesions of PLA, but its sensitivity can be affected by lesion size, location, and clinician experience. Therefore, early diagnosis and prompt treatment (especially abscess drainage) are crucial for better patient outcomes and should be prioritized by clinical physicians.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study to compare the effect of early and late (i.e., receiving CT scanning within 48 h and >48 h after admission) adoption of nonenhanced computed tomography (CT) scanning regarding the hospitalization days and interval between admission and drainage of patients with PLA.ResultsThis study included 76 hospitalized patients with PLA in the Department of Digestive Disease of Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital in China who underwent CT examinations from 2014 to 2021. We conducted CT scans on 56 patients within 48 h of admission and on 20 patients more than 48 h after admission. The early CT group had a significantly shorter hospitalization length compared with the late CT group (15.0 days vs. 20.5 days; P = 0.035). Besides, the median time to initiate drainage after admission was also significantly shorter in the early CT group than in the late CT group (1.0 days vs. 4.5 days; P < 0.001).ConclusionEarly CT scanning within 48 h of admission may aid in early PLA diagnosis and benefit disease recovery, as revealed by our findings.
Humoral immune reconstitution following therapy with daratumumab, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (Dara‐KRd), autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation, and measurable residual disease‐response‐adapted treatment cessation
Authors: Silbermann Rebecca W. , Schmidt Timothy Martin , Bal Susan , Dhakal Binod , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , Biltibo Eden , Chhabra Saurabh , Giri Smith , Godby Kelly N. , Gowda Sonia , Medvedova Eva , Cornell Robert F. , Callander Natalie S. , Costa Luciano J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQuadruplet induction, autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT), and measurable residual disease (MRD) response‐adapted consolidation yield an unprecedented depth of response in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Patients treated on MASTER (NCT03224507) ceased therapy and entered active surveillance (MRD‐SURE) after achieving MRD negativity. This study characterizes quantitative changes in the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene repertoire by next‐generation sequencing and serum gamma globulin levels. Quadruplet therapy leads to profound hypogammaglobulinemia and reduction in the Ig gene repertoire. Immune reconstitution (IR) is delayed in patients who received post‐AHCT consolidation compared to those who do not. Eighteen months after treatment cessation, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups.
A retrospective cohort study of Libmeldy (atidarsagene autotemcel) for MLD: What we have accomplished and what opportunities lie ahead
Authors: Horgan Claire , Watts Kelly , Ram Dipak , Rust Stewart , Hutton Rebekah , Jones Simon , Wynn Rob 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) results from ARSA gene mutations. Affected individuals meet early milestones before neurological deterioration and early death. Atidarsagene autotemcel (arsa‐cel), an autologous haematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (HSC‐GT) product, has demonstrated sustained clinical benefits in MLD. Arsa‐cel was approved for NHS treatment in February 2022 for asymptomatic late infantile or early juvenile disease, or early symptomatic early juvenile MLD. We evaluate the impact of this approval in the largest real‐world dataset of MLD HSC‐GT. Hospital records were reviewed for all patients referred for NHS treatment following arsa‐cel approval. Information was gathered about disease phenotype, presentation, eligibility, and affected siblings. In the year following NHS approval, 17 UK MLD patients were referred for treatment. Four patients met eligibility criteria and have been treated, including 1 infant who weighed 5 kg at leukapheresis. Eleven patients failed screening: 10 symptomatic patients with late infantile disease and 1 with early juvenile disease and cognitive decline. Two further patients with later onset subtypes did not meet the approval criteria. Three out of four treated patients were diagnosed by screening after MLD was diagnosed in a symptomatic older sibling. The success of HSC‐GT for MLD has heralded a new era of hope for families affected by this devastating disease, yet currently, most patients are ineligible for treatment at diagnosis. The feasibility of apheresis in infants and the availability of a licenced, effective HSC‐GT product highlights the urgent need for newborn screening to ensure that patients can be diagnosed and treated before symptom onset.
Cloud type frequency over Poland (2003–2021) revealed by independent satellite‐based (MODIS) and surface‐based (SYNOP) observations
Authors: Wojciechowska Izabela , Kotarba Andrzej Z. , Żmudzka Elwira 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent studies have identified several statistically significant trends in cloud genera frequency over Poland. Notably, there has been an increase in high and convective clouds, along with a decrease in Stratus, Altostratus and Nimbostratus. These earlier studies were, however, only based on traditional, surface data. As the ability to observe mid and high‐level clouds from the ground is limited, due to overlapping, we address the question of whether these trends are confirmed by other sources of cloud data, such as satellite records. In this paper, we analyse cloud data from two fully independent sources to characterize the cloud type climatology over Poland for the period 2003–2021: cloud optical thickness (COT) and cloud top pressure (CTP) parameters retrieved from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and surface (SYNOP) observations of cloud genera from the country's 27 ground‐based stations. The International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) COT–CTP classification was used to define MODIS cloud types. We explore the hypothesis that MODIS data, classified using the ISCCP philosophy, confirms the changes in cloud type frequencies found in SYNOP observations. Our analysis is based on the application of the Spearman rank correlation test to mean monthly SYNOP and MODIS cloud type frequencies, and we compare per decade trends for two time series. Our hypothesis was confirmed, but only for Cirrus, Altostratus + Nimbostratus and Cumulus. We therefore conclude that the two analysed data sources are not fully consistent, and cannot substitute for each other in cloud type climatologies. Hence, at least for Poland, they should be treated as independent rather than complementary. We also demonstrate that the increase in high‐level cloud frequency over Poland, which has been observed by other authors who based their research on synoptic data, is not due to a decrease in the frequency of low‐ and mid‐level clouds. Our findings are confirmed by satellite records.
Local drying climate magnified by urbanization in West Africa
Authors: Igun Eghosa , Sanganyado Edmond , Igben Jomata Lucky 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUrbanization often increases surface runoff and land surface temperature due to loss of land cover. However, the effect of urbanization on local atmospheric humidity remains understudied despite the disastrous effects it can have on human health and water‐food‐energy‐ecosystem nexus. Here, we examined changes in atmospheric humidity in the West Africa (WA) region between 1985 and 2018. There was an increase in vapour pressure and decrease in atmospheric humidity in urban areas suggesting intensified urban drying island (UDI) effects. Rapid urban expansion has aggravated UDI effect in recent years, particularly during the hot, wet summer but mild during the cold, and dry winter. In future climate, the impacts of the UDI effect in the region may be enormous considering the increasing rate of urbanization in the region. To achieve a sustainable future, city planners and policymakers should consider the UDI effect by promoting developments that increase green land cover. Overall, this study provides a detailed understanding of the urban ecosystem's environmental change, which is helpful for local climate change adaptation and mitigation.
Acid/base balance in fortified donor human milk: An experimental study
Authors: Pineda Daphne , Bingham Rhyan , Gates Amy , Thompson Amy B. , Stansfield Brian K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOur goal was to quantify the pH and total acidity of human milk fortified with human milk fortifiers (HMFs), powder infant formulas, and protein additives.MethodsCommercial liquid HMFs and powder infant formulas were added to pasteurized pooled donor human milk in triplicate and stirred. The pH of unfortified and fortified human milk at 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, and 30 kcal/ounce (624, 680, 737, 765, 794, and 850 kcal/g, respectively) was determined using a pH meter. Phenolphthalein acidity at 24 and 30 kcal/ounce (680 and 850 kcal/g, respectively) was determined using diluted sodium hydroxide.ResultsThe pH of unfortified human milk increased within the first hour (6.52 ± 0.06 vs 6.62 ± 0.05, P < 0.0001). Changes in pH largely correlated with caloric density; however, directional changes varied considerably between HMFs and powder infant formulas. Two liquid HMFs demonstrated modest reductions in pH with increasing caloric density whereas one liquid HMF alkalinized human milk with increasing caloric density (analysis of variance P < 0.0001). Phenolphthalein acidity was significantly higher for five HMFs and lower for one HMF at 30 kcal/ounce (850 kcal/g) but not 24 kcal/ounce (680 kcal/g). Powder infant formulas generally increased pH with increasing caloric density (analysis of variance P < 0.0001), but no differences in phenolphthalein acidity were noted.ConclusionChanges in acid/base balancefor fortified human milk are variable and may be a consideration when selecting a fortifying agent for human milk.
Evaluating the patient‐perceived impact of a neratinib special access program in an Australian community pharmacy
Authors: Zhang Jessie , Cheong Lynn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn Australia, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, and improved survival rates have placed an increased burden on the healthcare system. To better utilise community pharmacists in anticancer therapy, a medicine management service for neratinib was initiated in an Australian community pharmacy for patients with breast cancer.AimTo explore the experience and satisfaction of Australian breast cancer patients who received a pharmacist medicine management service for their neratinib treatment through a community pharmacy.MethodPatients enrolled in the neratinib special access program were invited to complete an electronic survey between February–September 2019. A mixed‐methods approach was utilised in data analysis. Ethics approval was granted by the University of Canberra Human Research Ethics Committee (Project No: 20181648).ResultsThirty‐three individuals completed the survey. A majority of participants (94%) were either ‘very satisfied’ or ‘satisfied’ with the time the pharmacist spent with them. As part of the service, 88% of participants viewed the first pharmacist session as ‘absolutely’ worthwhile and 79% believed that the pharmacist interaction increased their understanding of neratinib therapy. Many participants supported the continued provision and expansion of the service (88%).ConclusionThis pilot study provided valuable insights into participants' experiences of a pharmacist medicine management service for neratinib therapy. The unique preferences and health information needs of patients were highlighted. Further investigation is needed to explore how community pharmacists may be best utilised to improve breast cancer care and support patient needs.
Targeted quantitative analysis of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids in Alstonia scholaris by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Qin Yan , He Ying‐Jie , Zhao Yun‐Li , Zhou Zhong‐Shun , Wang Zhao‐Jie , Zhu Yan‐Yan , Luo Xiao‐Dong 
Published: June 2023

Monoterpene indole alkaloids exhibit structural diversity in herbal resources and have been developed as promising drugs owing to their significant biological activities. Confidential identification and quantification of monoterpene indole alkaloids is the key to quality control of target plants in industrial production but has rarely been reported. In this study, quantitative performance of three data acquisition modes of ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry including full scan, auto‐MS2 and target‐MS2, was evaluated and compared for specificity, sensitivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and matrix effect using five monoterpene indole alkaloids (scholaricine, 19‐epi‐scholaricine, vallesamine, picrinine, and picralinal). Method validations indicated that target‐MS2 mode showed predominant performance for simultaneous annotation and quantification of analytes, and was then applied to determine monoterpene indole alkaloids in Alstonia scholaris (leaves, barks) after extraction procedures optimization using Box‐Behnken design of response surface methodology. The variations of A. scholaris monoterpene indole alkaloids in different plant parts, harvest periods, and post‐handling processes, were subsequently investigated. The results indicated that target‐MS2 mode could improve the quantitative capability of ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for structure‐complex monoterpene indole alkaloids in herbal matrices.Alstonia scholaris, monoterpene indole alkaloids, quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, qualitative and quantitative analysis, ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography
Identification and quantitative analysis of the chemical constituents of Gandouling tablets using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu Cuicui , Liu Qiao , Nian Mengnan , Wu Hongfei , Cao Shijian , Wu Huan , Dong Ting , Wu Peng , Zhou An 
Published: June 2023

Gandouling tablets are used in a clinical agent for the treatment of hepatocellular degeneration; however, their chemical constituents have not been elucidated. Here, we screened and identified the chemical constituents of Gandouling tablets using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)‐quadrupole time of flight/mass spectrometry. A method for the quality evaluation of Gandouling tablets was developed by combining the UHPLC fingerprints and the simultaneous quantitative analysis of multiple active ingredients. For fingerprint analysis, 20 shared peaks were identified to assess the similarities among the 10 batches of Gandouling tablets and the similarity was >0.9. The levels of nine representative active ingredients were simultaneously determined to ensure consistency in quality. A total of 99 chemical components were identified, including 18 alkaloids, 20 anthraquinones, 13 flavonoids, 11 phenolic acids, 9 polyphenols, 7 phenanthrenes, 5 sesquiterpenes, 3 curcuminoids, 2 lignans, 2 isoflavones, 2 dianthranones, and 7 other components. The retention times, molecular formulae, and secondary fragmentation information of these compounds were analyzed, and the cleavage pathways and characteristic fragments of some of the representative compounds were elucidated. This systematic analysis used to identify the chemical components of Gandouling tablets lays the foundation for its further quality control and research on their pharmacodynamic substances.
Atypical presentation of Monkeypox virus infection
Authors: Fourcade Lionel , Monnier Jilliana , Bourgea Emilie , Gaudy‐Marqueste Caroline , Richard Marie‐Aleth 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA 69‐year‐old man was referred for a necrotic lesion on the nose suggestive of bacterial infection. The patient had a HIV‐positive status with normal CD4+ T‐cell count and undetectable viral load. Despite antibiotic treatment, the lesion expanded, and vesiculopustular lesions appeared on the legs and hands. Monkeypox infection was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction of swabs obtained from lesions on the hands and nose. This unusual presentation, suggestive of bacterial cellulitis of the face, highlights the importance of extra‐genital presentations of Monkeypox infection.
Wetland management practices and secretive marsh bird habitat in the Mississippi Flyway: a review
Authors: Malone Kristen M. , Webb Elisabeth B. , Mengel Doreen C. , Kearns Laura J. , McKellar Ann E. , Matteson Sumner W. , Williams Benjamin R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractManagement regimes on publicly owned freshwater wetlands in the Mississippi Flyway of North America (i.e., Flyway) have historically emphasized waterfowl, but there is limited information on how waterfowl‐focused wetland management affects other wetland‐dependent wildlife. Secretive marsh birds (SMBs) depend on wetlands with emergent vegetation throughout their migratory life cycle and often encounter vegetation and water conditions resulting from waterfowl‐focused management regimes. Thus, there is a need for better understanding of how SMBs are affected by wetland management and the extent to which waterfowl‐focused management regimes provide habitat for SMBs. In this review, we identify the vegetation and water conditions resulting from typical management objectives on freshwater emergent wetlands in the Flyway, review and qualitatively synthesize results from studies that directly evaluate how wetland management practices affect SMBs or their habitat, and assess how the vegetation and water conditions being produced for target species (mainly waterfowl) align with SMB habitat requirements. We searched online databases and used Google Scholar to locate peer‐reviewed literature, technical reports, and graduate theses that pertained to responses of SMBs or their habitat to water‐level manipulation, herbicide application, prescribed fire, disking, mowing, and planting crops. There are several management strategies that complement SMBs and waterfowl, such as reducing cover of woody species and providing flooded emergent vegetation. We also highlight management strategies that may not currently align with SMB life‐cycle needs and suggest adjustments that might promote habitat for SMBs while still achieving waterfowl population objectives. For example, adjusting the dates and duration of spring water‐level drawdowns on a portion of wetlands within a larger complex can provide for spring migrating waterfowl and ensure habitat for migrating and nesting SMBs. Ideally, future studies would address how modifications to management practices affect SMBs and monitor potential effects on waterfowl, resulting in a more holistic approach to wetland management.
Shifts in soil microbial diversity and functions during continuous cropping of strawberry
Authors: Yang Tongyi , Zhai Deli , Ding Xu , Guo Zechong , Zhao Yuyuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoil microbial community is particularly essential in the sustainable cropping systems, which may partially account for the vulnerability of soils in continuous cropping (CC). However, the succession patterns and drivers of microbial communities in CC strawberry fields need to be further elucidated. Shifts in the structure and function of soil bacteria and fungi during strawberry CC (0, 2, 5, 15, and 18 years) were investigated using the Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology. The results demonstrated declines in diversity, richness index, and bacterial/fungal ratios in long‐term CC soils. Variance partition analysis identified pH, available nitrogen, and available phosphorus as primary environmental factors affecting bacterial communities, whereas pH, available potassium, and available phosphorus dominated fungal communities. During strawberry CC, the relative abundances of the major genera Bacillus, Trichoderma, and Arthrobotrys first rose and then declined, while those of the other main genera Sclerotiniaceae and Fusarium gradually rose. Furthermore, the microbial functional annotation revealed that CC significantly altered the functional microbial flora, with a marked decrease in the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, but an increase in those of potential plant fungal pathogens in CC soils. The structural equation model revealed that CC significantly affected pH and potential plant fungal pathogens, with a standardized total effects of −0.77 and 0.82, respectively. Thus, strawberry CC significantly altered soil physicochemical properties, microbial communities and functions. These results provide theoretical guidance for the ecological restoration of strawberry CC sickness.
Terahertz Scanless Hypertemporal Imaging
Authors: Zanotto Luca , Balistreri Giacomo , Rovere Andrea , Kwon O‐Pil , Morandotti Roberto , Piccoli Riccardo , Razzari Luca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince its first demonstration in 1995, terahertz time‐domain imaging has attracted an increasingly growing interest for its ability to reveal spectral fingerprints of materials and probe changes in refractive index and absorption, as well as detect the inner structure of complex objects via time‐of‐flight measurements. Practically, however, its widespread use has been hampered by the very long acquisition time typically required to spatially raster‐scan the object, and for each spatial point, record the field in time via a delay line. Here, this fundamental bottleneck is addressed by implementing a scanless single‐pixel imaging scheme, which sets the path for an unprecedented reduction of both system complexity and acquisition time. By properly exploiting natural wave diffraction, time‐to‐space encoding applied to terahertz point detection allows for an almost instantaneous capture of the terahertz waveforms, while multidimensional images are reconstructed via a computational approach. The scheme is a promising solution for the development of next‐generation fast and compact terahertz imagers perfectly suitable for high‐repetition‐rate laser sources.
Description of K‐spaces by means of J‐spaces and the reverse problem in the limiting real interpolation
Authors: Opic Bohumír , Grover Manvi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe establish conditions under which K‐spaces in the limiting real interpolation involving slowly varying functions can be described by means of J‐spaces and we also solve the reverse problem. To this end, we prove several versions of the fundamental lemma of the real interpolation theory. We apply our results to obtain density theorems for the corresponding limiting interpolation spaces.
The global existence of L∞$L^{\infty }$ solutions to isentropic Euler equations in general nozzle
Authors: Lu Yun‐guang , Chen Jianjun , Jiang Weifeng , Klingenberg Christian , You Guoqiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the global entropy solutions for the Cauchy problem of the isentropic gas dynamics system in a general nozzle with bounded initial date. First, we apply for the flux‐approximation technique coupled with the classical viscosity method to obtain the estimates of the viscosity solutions. Second, we prove the pointwise convergence of the approximation solutions by using the compactness framework for any adiabatic exponent .