bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etnografía socioespacial de las territorialidades históricas maleku en Costa Rica
Authors: Solís Aguilar David A. 
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo presenta la etnografía socioespacial como método para el estudio de las relaciones territoriales históricas de los pueblos originarios en el continente, desarrollado entre 2018 y 2021 en el marco de la investigación cualitativa del periodo 1860-2020 sobre las Territorialidades del pueblo originario maleku en Costa Rica, como parte de la maestría en Geografía Humana de El Colegio de Michoacán. Los maleku habitan un territorio que fue demarcado por el Estado en 1976, mismo que cuenta con apenas 2934Ha en la cuenca media del río Frío que define el núcleo de su territorio ancestral, en cuyas tierras, lagunas y ríos se encuentran sus lugares sagrados, despojados casi totalmente desde el inicio de la colonización en 1860.
La etnografía socioespacial sobre las territorialidades maleku sigue métodos críticos de las Ciencias Sociales, a partir del diálogo de saberes con la comunidad. Se implementaron técnicas de investigación cualitativa como la observación participante, los diálogos etnográficos y la revisión documental-histórica, coordinadas con personas colaboradoras maleku, así como entrevistas semiestructuradas con colaboradores no indígenas poseedoras de conocimientos clave. Se procesaron los datos cuantitativos de naturaleza demográfica, registral y agraria, a la vez que la información geográfica sobre las territorialidades maleku. Se obtuvieron diversos productos cartográficos como resultado del análisis de datos territoriales inéditos, que permitieron arribar a conclusiones sobre la incidencia socioespacial de las violaciones a los derechos territoriales del pueblo maleku por parte del Estado costarricense.
'Voyageur of worlds’, master of none.
Authors: Macdonald Eva 
Published: May 2023

Masterminded by Jesuit Superior Paul Le Jeune, the imposition of both Francisation and conversion through Jesuit education initiatives had a significant impact on the Innu and Wendat nations in the seventeenth century. Yet, the extent to which the Jesuit education programmes between 1630 and 1670 clashed with Indigenous culture is still heavily debated amongst historians.This essay will argue that Jesuit education initiatives clashed with Innu and Wendat culture to a greater extent regarding teaching methods and curriculum and yet, will also highlight isolated pockets of accommodationist attitudes. Whilst this essay will also examine the Ursuline nuns, it will primarily analyse Jesuit education methods, curriculum and accommodation towards Innu and Wendat boys. Overall, despite predominantly targeting young boys, the content and approach of Le Jeune’s religious education policies had significant repercussions throughout Innu and Wendat society, regardless of gender or age.

[1] Anderson, The Betrayal of Faith: 8-9; Carol Blackburn, Harvest of souls: the Jesuit missions and colonialism in North America, 1632-1650 (Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2000), 31.
[2] Bruce Trigger, The children of Aataentsic: A history of the Huron People to 1660 (Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1976): 263-4; James P. Ronda, “"We Are Well As We Are": An Indian Critique of Seventeenth-Century Christian Missions,” The William and Mary Quarterly 34, no. 1 (1977), 68; Mairi Cowan, “Education, Francisation, and Shifting Colonial Priorities at the Ursuline Convent in Seventeenth-Century Québec,” The Canadian Historical Review 99, no. 1 (March 2018), 8.
Walking with Sky Woman
Authors: Mitchell George 
Published: May 2023

This essay seeks to explore various visual representations of Sky Woman across cultures and time, and what they may reveal about ways of being in the world. As stories, and creation stories in particular, inform who and how we are, they hold tremendous import on various social phenomena. Through the comparison of stories of Sky Woman with the Christian Book of Genesis, this essay will examine both the overt and covert teachings inlayed within these creation stories, and the legacies such teachings leave behind. While the Book of Genesis lays out a world of hierarchies, competition, alienation from nature, and the deprivileging of women, stories of Sky Woman hold teachings of responsibility, respect, balance, and the empowerment of women. Through such stark comparison, it becomes clear how creation stories inform ways of being in the world, as well as the implications such perspectives have. For example, through stories of Sky Woman, Indigenous womanhood is held as sacred and empowered. Teachings of cooperation and balance intrinsic to Sky Woman’s story emphasize cooperation between and balance amongst genders within Indigenous communities. Further, Sky Woman is often depicted as the original Mother and therefore positions motherhood as a source of strength, creation, and life-giving. As such, Indigenous motherhood resists patriarchal forms of mothering that rest on understandings of sacrifice and submission.[1] Further, in understanding the land as Sky Woman herself, land necessarily becomes feminine, alive, and capable of storytelling. As such, land becomes relation, an integral source of self, and an important site of healing, all of which necessitate its caretaking. Contemporarily, Sky Woman’s teachings are used as a tool of resurgence, female empowerment, and decolonization, with an emphasis on the future of Indigenous peoples. As is revealed in the paintings this essay explores, Sky Woman embodies the past, present, and future to inform a way of being in the world that is guided by cooperation, respect, balance, and importantly, the feminine.

[1] Lina Sunseri, “Sky Woman Lives on: Contemporary Examples of Mothering the Nation,” Canadian Woman Studies 26, no. 3 (2008): 21-25.
Environmental security and international responsibility in international politics
Authors: Hammad Ghadban Haneen Hatem , Mohamed Ahmed Ali 
Published: May 2023

Environmental security has become one of the main pillars of international security, and environment and climate issues have become at the forefront of issues that are addressed and focused on in various international discussions, due to the importance of these issues and their vitality for man. During the past three decades, environmental problems have become defining many global trends in In light of the environmental problems that have exacerbated as a result of the self-interests of states and the desire to expand the economy as well as contemporary consumer behavior, environmental security has strengthened ways to confront environmental challenges and problems exacerbated by these problems, as countries have come to see that environmental threats and climate change can lead to catastrophic results. On the security of states, therefore, it has become keen to address environmental problems collectively and activate collective diplomatic action, because states are no longer able to unilaterally confront environmental changes, and this is due to the increase in environmental problems and their significant development. Environmental security has become obligatory for states to modify their behaviour in a manner consistent with the necessary and required treatments in order to confront environmental risks. At the same time, many countries and countries have sought international organizations to focus on issues that are at the core of important positions such as environmental securitization and environmental terrorism resulting from abnormal behaviours of environmental defenders who have created wrong practices in defending the environment, which constitutes an opposite proposition in environmental security.
The Reality and Future of Parliamentary Experience in Iraq after 2003
Authors: Ali Khalaf Saleh , Khalaf Motaz Ismail 
Published: May 2023

Parliamentary systems are the most prevalent form of government worldwide today, such as in Britain, Germany, Italy, Spain, Japan, India, and others. However, there are countries that adopt political systems different from those mentioned, such as the presidential system in the United States of America and the assembly system in Switzerland. Nevertheless, most parliamentary systems have their origins in the British parliamentary experience, which was used as a model in establishing their powers and managing public affairs.
The reality of the parliamentary experience in Iraq is one of the parliamentary experiences in the countries of the Global South that reflects a societal reality different from parliamentary experiences in emerging parliamentary democracies, as it is a young experience after 2003. It was established and developed in a historical context, political instability, and insecurity that Iraq witnessed after 2003, under the authority of the American occupation. The clear shortcomings in this parliamentary experience are attributed to historical circumstances, the pressures of the American occupation, and the newness of the experience.
Therefore, it was necessary for us to examine the reality of the Iraqi parliamentary experience after 2003, in terms of its characteristics, legislation, oversight, and its challenges, as well as evaluating the work of governments, and looking at the future prospects of the experience.
Political Change in Egypt After the January revolution (2011-2013)
Authors: KADHIM SUMAYA DHAM , Nahy Ahmed Abdullah 
Published: May 2023

With the increase in injustice، oppression and tyranny، the absence of justice، the multiplicity of crises، political corruption، poor conditions in justice، and the presentation of a fair distribution of wealth in the Arab countries، the wealth of Egypt has become the change. And I witnessed in the agreement the absence of freedoms and rights to the formation of protest movements that possessed sufficient awareness to obtain the demands of the revolution and the census of the masses، so the movements had a great role in the January revolution and the demand for the recovery of the stolen rights. The regime of Muhammad Hosni Mubarak.
"The Global System Transformations After the COVID-19 Pandemic (Political Transformations as a Model)"
Authors: Manati Al-Asadi Tamara Kadim , Alwan Saad Obaid 
Published: May 2023

The global system has undergone important milestones that represented turning points in its course, represented by the end of the Cold War and the transformation of the system into unipolarity through the coronation of the United States of America as the only superpower in the world, then the events of September 11, 2001, which were a turning point and deviation for the system and an escalation in its military path after the outbreak of Global terrorism and its transformation into a major threat to the system, and finally the outbreak of the Corona virus and its transformation into a global pandemic, which has become one of the events that cause several transformations in the global system similar to major crises.
Therefore, the new world order is going through a phase of change and transition, as the Corona pandemic has sparked several shifts in the global system in the interactions of politics, economy and security, perhaps the most prominent of which is related to reformulating the roles of the national state, as we live today in a state of transformations in the global system due to the difficult pandemic. Read the transformation data that you will impose on the system.
The policies of countries to confront illegal migration: the European Union policy as a model
Authors: Hassan Alaa Mohammed 
Published: May 2023

Illegal immigration it is one of the challenges facing many countries Especially the countries of the European Union Which is one of the most countries reception of illegal immigrants, And it is caused by many reasons to Some of them are economic related to low level the living, Some of them are political Related to the tyranny and domination of some regimes, Some are security related to insecurity such as conflicts and wars, Some of them are related to drought and floods, Some are as healthy as a pandemic , illegal immigration leaves its effects on the countries receiving immigration, Including economic effects security and social and health. And to face the effects and repercussions of illegal immigration, the European Union has resorted to many policies to limit or stop it.
الدور التركي في الأزمة السورية
Authors: أ-م-د عارف محمد خلف  , ابراهيم احمد حسن ناصر  
Published: May 2023

شهدت السنوات الأخيرة تصاعداً كبيراً للدور الإقليمي التركي والاهتمام به في غالبية القضايا المحورية في الشرق الأوسط ولاسيما بعد وصول حزب العدالة والتنمية للحكم في عام 2002 وإعلانه تدشين سياسة تركية جديدة تجاه المنطقة قوامها تأكيد حضور تركيا ومكانتها كقوة مركزية للاستقرار وطرف فاعل في معالجة مختلف القضايا والصراعات في المنطقة، وان حزب العدالة والتنمية قد حمل مشروعاً سياسياً اصلاحياً في الداخل والخارج، لذا فأن الدور الإقليمي التركي هو حصيلة السياسة الخارجية الجديدة التي ركزت على اهمية التغيير الداخلي وبخاصة تحقيق الاستقرار السياسي والاقتصادي في البلاد الذي اتاح لتركيا خلال سنوات عدة ان تكون طرفاً مؤثراً على الصعيد الاقليمي والدولي.
Chinese Foreign Policy during the Presidencies of Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping: A Comparative Study
Authors: Hamid Adnan Khalaf 
Published: May 2023

The Chinese foreign policy may have been associated in the personal and political decision-maker as we find fluctuate fluctuated between those who hold decision Chinese solo of the magnitude of his leadership, "Mao Zedong" or for possession of the three authorities in his hand "Presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and the state presidency and the presidency of the Military Committee," and the collective leadership actress of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau, and a small leadership groups to address urgent crises. And also I thought it was the Communist ideology adopting the Stalinist model, at the beginning of the PRC in 1949 until 1978.
And began his leadership of China in the new track, the opposite of the old path, because contrary to policies of the past irrationality, and works on the application of an economic system Rashid aims to modernize China, which moved from a simple, isolated from the outside world to significant in foreign policy, its international impact of the State of the State. Chinese Foreign Policy In period presidency Both of Mao Zedong and Deng Chao Bing: A comparative study.
معضلات الواقع الإسرائيلي و خيار الحرب
Authors: م. د. بشير هادي عبد الرزاق  
Published: May 2023

يعد الصراع العربي الاسرائيلي من بين اطول الصراعات في العالم واعقدها في الوقت الراهن، فهو صراع يتجاوز كونه صراع على الحدود أو اختلاف على النفوذ، إنه صراع على الوجود بكل ما في الكلمة من معنى. ومنذ ان نشات (اسرائيل) عام 1948 اضحت احدى القوى الاقليمية التي تتحدد حركتها السياسية ازاء الوطن العربي بمحصلة العوامل والمتغيرات الداخلية والخارجية المؤثرة فيها، فهذا الكيان من القوى المعادية تارخيا للعرب، ويعتمد التوسع وتكريس الانقسام العربي من جهة، فيما يسعى الى تحقيق التفوق من جهة اخرى، وبما ينعكس سلبا على الوضع الاستراتيجي الاقليمي.
وعلى الرغم مما يسمى بالتسوية السلمية بين (اسرائيل) وبعض الدول العربية، و التغييرات الجيوسياسية التي اعتورت المنطقة و عصفت بها مؤخرا، مما يوشر تراجع خطر الدول العربية على الوجود الاسرائيلي في الوقت الراهن و في المدى المنظور، فان حجم الانفاق الذي تخصصه (اسرائيل) لصالح مؤسستها العسكرية قد استمر في تصاعده.
الصحافة العراقية منذ الاحتلال البريطاني حتى قيام الحكم الوطني1914 – 1920
Authors: جبران إسكندر رفيق محمد  
Published: May 2023

تناول هذا البحث موضوع الصحافة العراقية التي ظهرت خلال حقبة مهمة من تاريخ العراق المعاصر الممتدة بين عامي 1914-1920 وهي الفترة التي شهدت الاحتلال البريطاني للعراق وما آلت اليه الامور من فرض الانتداب البريطاني وقيام ثورة العشرين كرد فعل لهذا الاحتلال وصولا الى تأسيس الحكم الوطني المتمثل بتشكيل أول وزارة عراقية برئاسة عبد الرحمن النقيب ركز البحث خلال مباحثه الثلاثة على التعريف بالصحف التي ظهرت خلال تلك الفترة ، المعارضة منها لسياسة الاحتلال البريطاني أو المؤيدة لها ، وتوضيح مواقفها من الاحداث السياسية التي شهدها العراق آنذاك ، وتسليط الضوء على الشخصيات المؤسسة لهذه الصحف، وابرز كتابها . وأخيرا ارجو ان اكون قد أوفيت البحث حقه وأسهمت في الكشف عن جانب مهم من جوانب الحياة السياسية في العراق خلال هذه المرحلة المهمة .
العنف في فكر حزب التحرير الإسلامي
Authors: د. محمود عزو حمدو  , د. شعلان عبدالقادر إبراهيم  
Published: May 2023

يمثل حزب التحرير الإسلامي أحدى أهم الحركات الإسلامية المعاصرة، من ناحية توجهاته، أو أطروحاته، فهو بقدر ما هو واضح في أطروحاته إلا أنه في بعض منها غير واضح، فهو بهذا يثير الكثير من التساؤلات خاصة التي تختبئ في تناقضاته الفكرية العديدة، وان البحث في مضامين أفكار الحزب، تجعل من الباحث يندهش لما يطرحه الحزب، فهو بقدر مايؤكد على الطابع السلمي لدعوته وتوجهاته، فإنه أيضا يتبنى بعض مضامين العنف تبعا لوضعه ولتحقيق مراحله كما وضعها مؤسس الحزب تقي الدين النبهاني.
وقد اختلف الباحثون في شان الحركات الإسلامية في تصنيف حزب التحرير تحت هذه الخانة أو تلك إلا أنهم متفقون في قراءتهم لأفكار حزب التحرير إن بعضها تحكمه اعتبارات المرحلة، وهو ما يجعل البحث في أصول العنف في فكر حزب التحرير الإسلامي يثير صعوبات عدة، منها عدم وضوح أفكاره فضلا عن ضبابيتها حول موقفة من العنف.
العنف المسلح في أيديولوجيا الأصولية الإسلامية المعاصرة : دراسة نماذج
Authors: ليث مزاحم خضير كاظم  
Published: May 2023

يُعدُّ العنف المُسلّح لدى العديد من الحركات الإسلاميّة المُتسمة بالتشدُّد من أهمّ الوسائل لتحقيق الأهداف والغايات التي تنشدها هذه الحركات، وقد قامتْ هذه الحركات بالتأصيل الشرعي والأخلاقي لهذه المُمارسات العنيفة وبناء أيديولوجيّات تبريريّة من أجل تسويغ استخدامها له سواءً في الداخل ضِدَّ الحكومات او ضِدَّ (الآخر) المُغاير دينيّاً وفكريّاً وحتى مذهبيّاً، او في الخارج ضدَّ الدول التي تُطلِقُ عليها لفظ (الكافرة) وخاصّةً الولايات المُتّحدة الأمريكيّة.
تنبع أهمية هذه الدراسة من كونها تعالج قضية العنف المسلح لما لها من اتصال وثيق بتوطيد السِلم والاستقرار الأهلي والرخاء السياسي. وتهدف الدراسة لمُحاولة بناء مداخيل نظريّة للمفاهيم وتحديد الخصائص والسِمات الأيديولوجيّة والاجتماعيّة/ السياسيّة للأصوليّة الدينيّة وتحليل البُنى التنظيميّة والأيديولوجيّة لنماذج مُعاصرة من الأُصوليّات الإسلاميّة المُسلّحة. اما فرضيات الدراسة فتُختَصر في إنَّ جميع الحركات الأُصوليّة الدينيّة تُبدي مستويات عالية من رفض قيم الحداثة والعصرنة والعلمنة وأنَّ العُنف ظاهرة مُلازِمة لكافة أشكال الإحياء الديني/الأُصولي.
PENGARUH SELF SERVICE TECHNOLOGY (SST) TERHADAP KEPUASAN NASABAH PENGGUNA LAYANAN DIGITAL (STUDY KASUS BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA)
Authors: Arnita Nurjuni , Yarmunida Miti , Sumarni Yenti 
Published: May 2023

Self service technology (SST) merupakan teknologi yang memungkinkan nasabah untuk bertransaksi ataupun melakukan pelayanan secara mandiri tanpa tergantung pada karyawan, pada dunia perbankan layanan self service technology yang dapat digunakan nasabah yaitu layanan automatic teller machine/ATM dan mobile banking guna mempermudah nasabah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh self service technology terhadap kepuasan nasabah pengguna layanan digital perbankan syariah. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dua variabel independen (automatic teller machine/ATM (X1) dan mobile banking (X2)). Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner pada nasabah Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) yang menggunakan layanan self service technology. Teknik sampling penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 104 responden. Uji Instrumen dilakukan menggunakan uji validitas dan uji reabilitas. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan uji statistik inferensial dan uji hipotesis dengan alat analisis yaitu regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa layanan automatic teller machine/ATM dan mobile banking berpengaruh secara positif terhadap kepuasan nasabah pengguna layanan digital Bank Syariah Indonesia.
PENGARUH STRATEGI DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP GLOBALISASI
Authors: Tamamudin Tamamudin 
Published: May 2023

The rapid change at this recent global competition increases different circumstance in the market and technology. The increasing of complexity and uncertainty represent factors forming new competitive environment.Â To have an adequate ability to compete in a competitive environment, it is hard to reject that company must be adaptive to the changes. Company success depends on the relationship between investment in technology and corporate strategy. But there are many determinant factors that affect corporate performance, i.e. economic conjuncture, business competition and management skills in implementing the existing strategy.
Concentration of B-CG and sFlt-1 in Rattus Norvegicus Model of Preeclampsia with Swimming Exercise Treatment
Authors: Sabrida Oktalia , Akmal Muslim , Wahyuni Sri , Khairan Khairan , Gholib Gholib 
Published: May 2023

Preeclampsia (PE) is a life-threatening pregnancy complication for the mother and fetus. High concentrations of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLt-1) during pregnancy may have a role in the pathophysiology of PE. Swimming Exercise (SE) is one of the physical activities recommended for pregnant women and carries a minimal risk. This study is aimed at analyzing the interaction between the conditions of rats (normal and PE), the onset of PE (early onset and late onset), and the time of SE (SE 0 minutes; SE 5 minutes; SE 10 minutes) on the concentrations of B-CG and sFlt-1 in the Rattus norvegicus (R. norvegicus) model of PE. 72 R. norvegicus were included in this study and divided into 12 experimental groups (each group n = 6 individuals). R. norvegicus PE was prepared by inducing L-Nitro-Arginine-Methyl Ester (L-NAME) at a 75 mg/kg BW/day dose. The determination of PE was supported by the observation of differences in the values of urine protein (PU), urine glucose (GU), and urine leukocytes (LU) in R. norvegicus before and after injection of L-NAME. The three-factorial statistical test showed a significant interaction between the concentration of B-CG and the condition of R. norvegicus, the onset of PE, and the time of SE, with a p-value <0.001. The three-factorial statistical test also showed a significant interaction between the sFLt-1 concentration and the condition of R. norvegicus, the onset of PE, and the time of SE with p<0.05. The difference in the concentration of B-CG and sFLt-1 R. norvegicus in each treatment group was influenced by the condition of the rats (normal and PE), the onset of PE (early onset and late onset), and the time of SE (SE 0 minutes; SE 5 minutes; SE 10 minutes). Research related to SE on PE still needs to be continued to decide on recommendations on whether SE can be used as a preventive measure in complementary midwifery care for preventing and reducing symptoms of PE in pregnancy. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-021 Full Text: PDF