bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of children with cystic fibrosis screen positive, inconclusive diagnosis/CFTR related metabolic syndrome
Authors: Gunnett Mohini A. , Baker Elizabeth , Mims Cathy , Self Staci T. , Gutierrez Hector H. , Guimbellot Jennifer S. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSome infants undergoing newborn screening (NBS) tests have inconclusive sweat chloride test (SCT) results that lead to the designation of Cystic Fibrosis Screen Positive, Inconclusive Diagnosis/CFTR-related metabolic syndrome (CFSPID/CRMS). Some proportion of them transition to a CF diagnosis, but no predictive markers can stratify which are at risk for this transition. We report single-center outcomes of children with CRMS.MethodsWe retrospectively identified all infants born in Alabama from 2008 through 2020 referred to our CF Center with an elevated immunoreactive trypsinogen level (IRT) associated with a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation (IRT+/DNA+) who had at least one SCT result documented. Infants were classified per established guidelines as Carrier, CRMS, or CF based on the IRT+/DNA+ and SCT results. The electronic health record was reviewed for follow-up visits until the children received a definitive diagnosis (to carrier or CF) according to current diagnostic guidelines for CF, or through the end of the 2020 year.ResultsOf the 1,346 infants with IRT+ and at least 1 CFTR mutation identified (IRT+/DNA+), 63 (4.7%) were designated as CRMS. Of these infants, 12 (19.1%) transitioned to Carrier status (CRMS-Carrier), 40 (63.5%) of them remained CRMS status (CRMS-Persistent) and 11 (17.5%) of them transitioned to a diagnosis of CF (CRMS-CF). Of the 11 children in the CRMS-CF group, 4 (36%) had an initial SCT 30–39 mmol/L, 4 (36%) had an initial SCT 40–49 mmol/L and 3 (27%) had an initial SCT 50–59 mmol/L. These children also had higher initial sweat tests and greater yearly increases in sweat chloride values than others with CRMS. We found that in comparison to children in the CRMS-P group, a greater proportion of children in the CRMS-CF group cultured bacteria like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, had smaller weight-for-height percentiles and remained smaller over time despite slightly greater growth.ConclusionInfants with an inconclusive diagnosis of CF should continue to receive annual care and management given their potential risk of transition to CF. Further research is needed to assess whether certain phenotypic patterns, clinical symptoms, diagnostic tests or biomarkers could better stratify these children.
Phenotypic patient profiling for improved implementation of guideline-directed medical therapy: An exploratory analysis in a large real-world chronic heart failure cohort
Authors: Radhoe Sumant P. , Clephas Pascal R. D. , Linssen Gerard C. M. , Oortman Remko M. , Smeele Frank J. , Van Drimmelen Annemarie A. , Schaafsma Henk-Jan , Westendorp Paul H. , Brunner-La Rocca Hans-Peter , Brugts Jasper J. 
Published: March 2023

Aims: Implementation of guideline-recommended pharmacological treatment in heart failure (HF) patients remains challenging. In 2021, the European Heart Failure Association (HFA) published a consensus document in which patient profiles were created based on readily available patient characteristics and suggested that treatment adjusted to patient profile may result in better individualized treatment and improved guideline adherence. This study aimed to assess the distribution of these patient profiles and their treatment in a large real-world chronic HF cohort.Methods and results: The HFA combined categories of heart rate, blood pressure, presence of atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, and hyperkalemia into eleven phenotypic patient profiles. A total of 4,455 patients with chronic HF and a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% with complete information on all characteristics were distributed over these profiles. In total, 1,640 patients (36.8%) could be classified into one of the HFA profiles. Three of these each comprised &gt;5% of the population and consisted of patients with a heart rate &gt;60 beats per minute with normal blood pressure (&gt;90/60 mmHg) and no hyperkalemia.Conclusion: Nearly forty percent of a real-world chronic HF population could be distributed over the eleven patient profiles as suggested by the HFA. Phenotype-specific treatment recommendations are clinically relevant and important to further improve guideline implementation.
The current trend of exosome in epithelial ovarian cancer studies: A bibliometric review
Authors: Baghban Neda , Ullah Mujib , Nabipour Iraj 
Published: March 2023

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common type of ovarian cancer. About 90% of ovary tumors are epithelial. The current treatment for EOC involves surgical debulking of the tumors followed by a combination of chemotherapy. While most patients achieve complete remission, many EOCs will recur and develop chemoresistance. The cancer cells can adapt to several stress stimuli, becoming resistant. Therefore, new ways to fight resistant cells during the disease are being studied. Recently, exosomes, which reflect cell behavior in normal and pathological conditions such as epithelial ovarian cancer, are of academic interest as new biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. Consequently, the current study aimed to investigate the research output of exosomes in EOC.Method: A bibliometric method was used for analyzing publications on exosome and epithelial ovarian cancer from the beginning to 15 October 2022 by searching keywords in Scopus, PubMed and Google scholar. Annual scientific publications, authors, citations, journals, co-authorships, and keywords co-occurrence were analyzed and plotted using Microsoft Office Excel and VOS viewer. 39 original journal articles and 3 reviews have been published since 2015 up to 15 October 2022.Results: The findings showed that China is the top country in research output, international collaborations, organization, author, and sponsorship. The top journals were the Journal of Ovarian Research, Oncotarget, and Tumor Biology, all in the United States. The top institution was Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China. The top author was Xipeng Wang. Co-occurrence analysis showed that academics’ interest is toward:1) 1) Exosomes as prognostic biomarkers of EOC as well as their role in the proliferation and migration of cells. 2) The role of exosomes in metastasis through different mechanisms; 3) The role of exosomes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells; 4) The diagnostic role of EVs in EOC; and 5) Conferring chemoresistance in EOC through the exosomal transfer of miRNAs.Conclusion: Research on the exosome and EOC has an increasing trend, and China is much more involved than other countries in research, financial support, and international cooperation. These findings could aid researcher in understanding novel ideas and subjects interested by sponsors in this field.
The therapeutic mechanism of Curcumae Radix against primary dysmenorrea based on 5-HTR/Ca2+/MAPK and fatty acids metabolomics
Authors: Qin Yuwen , Zhang Wei , Bian Zhenhua , Fei Chenghao , Su Lianlin , Xue Rong , Zhang Qian , Li Yu , Chen Peng , Shi Yabo , Li Mingxuan , Mao Chunqin , Zhao Xiaoli , Ji De , Lu Tulin 
Published: March 2023

Background:Curcumae Radix (CW) is traditionally used to treat primary dysmenorrea (PD). However, the mechanisms of action of CW in the treatment of PD have not yet been comprehensively resolved.Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of CW on PD and its possible mechanisms of action.Methods: An isolated uterine spastic contraction model induced by oxytocin was constructed in an in vitro pharmacodynamic assay. An animal model of PD induced by combined estradiol benzoate and adrenaline hydrochloride-assisted stimulation was established. After oral administration of CW, a histopathological examination was performed and biochemical factor levels were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CW on PD. The chemical compositions of the drug-containing serum and its metabolites were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Network pharmacology and serum untargeted metabolomics were used to predict the mechanism of CW treatment for PD, and the predicted results were validated by RT-qPCR, WB, and targeted fatty acid (FA) metabolism.Results:In vitro, CW can relax an isolated uterus by reducing uterine motility. In vivo, the results showed that CW attenuated histopathological damage in the uterus and regulated PGF2α, PGE2, β-EP, 5-HT, and Ca2+ levels in PD rats. A total of 66 compounds and their metabolites were identified in the drug-containing serum, and the metabolic pathways of these components mainly included hydrogenation and oxidation. Mechanistic studies showed that CW downregulated the expression of key genes in the 5-HTR/Ca2+/MAPK pathway, such as 5-HTR2A, IP3R, PKC, cALM, and ERK. Similarly, CW downregulated the expression of key proteins in the 5-HTR/Ca2+/MAPK pathway, such as p-ERK/ERK. Indirectly, it ameliorates the abnormal FA metabolism downstream of this signaling pathway in PD rats, especially the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA).Conclusion: The development of PD may be associated with the inhibition of the 5-HTR/Ca2+/MAPK signaling pathway and FA metabolic pathways, providing a basis for the subsequent exploitation of CW.
Survival and complications of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with intra-abdominal malignancies: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jian Changchun , Mou Hai , Zhang Ye , Fan Qingxin , Ou Yunsheng 
Published: March 2023

Background: Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is an advanced stage of intra-abdominal malignancy with a very poor prognosis. In recent years, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) combined with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) has been utilized as an active treatment in the prevention and treatment of PM, with encouraging results. However, compared with CRS alone, the results of the CRS plus HIPEC strategy in the treatment of patients with intra-abdominal malignancies are still controversial. This study sought to determine the impact of HIPEC + CRS on patient survival and adverse events (AEs) by reviewing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for all types of intra-abdominal malignancies.Methods: A PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Clinical Trials.gov search extracted all RCTs until 12 October 2022, examining the CRS + HIPEC vs. CRS alone strategies in the treatment of various types of intra-abdominal malignancies. The outcomes included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and AEs. The dichotomous data were pooled and reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The survival outcome data were pooled using hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% CIs. The Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies.Results: A total of 12 RCTs were included in this meta-analysis, including 873 patients in the CRS + HIPEC group and 878 patients in the CRS alone group. The studies included 3 (617 patients) on colorectal cancer, 4 (416 patients) on gastric cancer, and 5 (718 patients) on ovarian cancer. Our analysis showed no difference in OS between the CRS + HIPEC and CRS alone groups (HR: 0.79, 95% CI 0.62–1.01). Subgroup analysis showed that CRS + HIPEC improved the OS of gastric cancer patients (HR: 0.49, 95% CI 0.32–0.76) compared with CRS alone. However, CRS + HIPEC did not significantly improve the OS of colorectal cancer (HR: 1.06, 95% CI 0.81–1.38) and ovarian cancer (HR: 0.82, 95% CI 0.62–1.07) patients. In addition, there was no significant difference in DFS/RFS (HR: 0.78, 95% CI 0.57–1.07) or PFS (HR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.77–1.38) between the two groups. Compared with CRS alone, CRS with HIPEC had greater nephrotoxicity (OR: 0.45, 95% CI 0.21–0.98), while other AEs did not differ significantly between the two groups.Conclusion: Our results suggest that CRS + HIPEC may improve OS in gastric cancer patients compared with CRS alone, but we did not observe a benefit for DFS/RFS. For patients with ovarian and colorectal cancers, our results suggest that HIPEC + CRS does not appear to improve survival outcomes. In addition, CRS + HIPEC has higher nephrotoxicity than CRS alone. More evidence from RCTs is needed to evaluate whether the use of CRS + HIPEC is an appropriate option.
Sex-specific non-linear associations between body mass index and impaired pulmonary ventilation function in a community-based population: Longgang COPD study
Authors: Huang Hao , Huang Xueliang , Liao Jiaman , Li Yushao , Su Yaoting , Meng Yaxian , Zhan Yiqiang 
Published: March 2023

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of pulmonary airflow limitation and its association with body mass index (BMI) in a community-based population in Shenzhen, China.Methods: Study participants were recruited from Nanlian Community in Shenzhen, China, and spirometry was performed to assess lung function including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and FEV1 divided by predicted value. Pulmonary airflow limitation was determined by the Chinese Guideline of Pulmonary Function Examination. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between BMI and pulmonary airflow limitation. Age, sex, educational attainment, occupation, and current cigarette smoking were used as potential confounders.Results: Of the 1206 participants, 612 (50.7%) were men and 594 (49.3%) were women with the average age being 53.7 years old. After adjusting for age, sex, educational attainment, occupation, and current cigarette smoking, higher BMI was associated with lower odds (odds ratio: 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.97, 0.99) of pulmonary airflow limitation by assuming a linear relationship. Further investigation of the interaction terms, we found that the magnitudes of the associations differed in men and women. A U-shaped relationship was observed in women, while the association was almost linear in men.Conclusion: The relationship between BMI and pulmonary airflow limitation was U-shaped in women and linear in men.
Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis
Authors: Kandeel Mahmoud , Morsy Mohamed A. , Abd El-Lateef Hany M. , Marzok Mohamed , El-Beltagi Hossam S. , Al Khodair Khalid M. , Albokhadaim Ibrahim , Venugopala Katharigatta N. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia among older persons. This study looked at how Augmentin affected behavior, gene expression, and apoptosis in rats in which AD had been induced by scopolamine.Methods: The rats were divided into five groups: control, sham, memantine, Augmentin, and pre-Augmentin (the last group received Augmentin before scopolamine administration and was treated with memantine). A Morris water maze was utilized to measure spatial memory in the animals, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry were employed to analyze gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis, respectively.Results: Memantine and Augmentin increased spatial memory in healthy rats. The use of scopolamine impaired spatial memory. Both Augmentin and memantine improved spatial memory in AD rats, particularly in the group that received memantine; however, the outcomes were more substantial when Augmentin was administered before scopolamine was given to induce AD. Furthermore, the expression of presenilin-2 (PSEN2) and inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (ITPKB) increased, whereas the expression of DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) fell in the AD-treated groups; however, the results were more substantial after combination therapy. According to flow cytometry studies, Augmentin pre-treatment reduced apoptosis in AD rats.Discussion: The results showed that administering Augmentin to AD rats before memantine improved their spatial memory, reduced neuronal cell death, upregulated protective genes, and suppressed genes involved in AD pathogenesis.
Synthetic torpor triggers a regulated mechanism in the rat brain, favoring the reversibility of Tau protein hyperphosphorylation
Authors: Squarcio Fabio , Hitrec Timna , Piscitiello Emiliana , Cerri Matteo , Giovannini Catia , Martelli Davide , Occhinegro Alessandra , Taddei Ludovico , Tupone Domenico , Amici Roberto , Luppi Marco 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Hyperphosphorylated Tau protein (PPTau) is the hallmark of tauopathic neurodegeneration. During “synthetic torpor” (ST), a transient hypothermic state which can be induced in rats by the local pharmacological inhibition of the Raphe Pallidus, a reversible brain Tau hyperphosphorylation occurs. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the – as yet unknown – molecular mechanisms underlying this process, at both a cellular and systemic level.Methods: Different phosphorylated forms of Tau and the main cellular factors involved in Tau phospho-regulation were assessed by western blot in the parietal cortex and hippocampus of rats induced in ST, at either the hypothermic nadir or after the recovery of euthermia. Pro- and anti-apoptotic markers, as well as different systemic factors which are involved in natural torpor, were also assessed. Finally, the degree of microglia activation was determined through morphometry.Results: Overall, the results show that ST triggers a regulated biochemical process which can dam PPTau formation and favor its reversibility starting, unexpectedly for a non-hibernator, from the hypothermic nadir. In particular, at the nadir, the glycogen synthase kinase‐β was largely inhibited in both regions, the melatonin plasma levels were significantly increased and the antiapoptotic factor Akt was significantly activated in the hippocampus early after, while a transient neuroinflammation was observed during the recovery period.Discussion: Together, the present data suggest that ST can trigger a previously undescribed latent and regulated physiological process, that is able to cope with brain PPTau formation.
Bio-priming with salt tolerant endophytes improved crop tolerance to salt stress via modulating photosystem II and antioxidant activities in a sub-optimal environment
Authors: Irshad Khadija , Shaheed Siddiqui Zamin , Chen Jianjun , Rao Yamna , Hamna Ansari Hafiza , Wajid Danish , Nida Komal , Wei Xiangying 
Published: March 2023

Abiotic stress is one of the major constraints which restrain plant growth and productivity by disrupting physiological processes and stifling defense mechanisms. Hence, the present work aimed to evaluate the sustainability of bio-priming salt tolerant endophytes for improving plant salt tolerance. Paecilomyces lilacinus KUCC-244 and Trichoderma hamatum Th-16 were obtained and cultured on PDA medium containing different concentrations of NaCl. The highest salt (500 mM) tolerant fungal colonies were selected and purified. Paecilomyces at 61.3 × 10-6 conidia/ml and Trichoderma at about 64.9 × 10-3 conidia/ml of colony forming unit (CFU) were used for priming wheat and mung bean seeds. Twenty- days-old primed and unprimed seedlings of wheat and mung bean were subjected to NaCl treatments at 100 and 200 mM. Results indicate that both endophytes sustain salt resistance in crops, however T. hamatum significantly increased the growth (141 to 209%) and chlorophyll content (81 to 189%), over unprimed control under extreme salinity. Moreover, the reduced levels (22 to 58%) of oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and MDA) corresponded with the increased antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities (141 and 110%). Photochemical attributes like quantum yield (FV/FM) (14 to 32%) and performance index (PI) (73 to 94%) were also enhanced in bio-primed plants in comparison to control under stress. In addition, the energy loss (DIO/RC) was considerably less (31 to 46%), corresponding with lower damage at PS II level in primed plants. Also, the increase in I and P steps of OJIP curve in T. hamatum and P. lilacinus primed plants showed the availability of more active reaction centers (RC) at PS II under salt stress in comparison to unprimed control plants. Infrared thermographic images also showed that bio-primed plants were resistant to salt stress. Hence, it is concluded that the use of bio-priming with salt tolerant endophytes specifically T. hamatum can be an effective approach to mitigate the salt stress cosnequences and develop a potential salt resistance in crop plants.
Fine root dynamics and its contribution to soil organic carbon stocks with Caragana intermedia plantation development in alpine sandy land
Authors: Li Qingxue , Jia Zhiqing , He Lingxianzi , Zhao Xuebin , Yang Henghua 
Published: March 2023

Shrubs are the main species in desert ecosystems. Better understanding shrubs fine root dynamics and its contribution to soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks can improve the accuracy of carbon sequestration estimation and provide basic data for the calculation of carbon sequestration potential. The ingrowth core method was used to investigate the fine root (&lt; 1 mm in diameter) dynamics of Caragana intermedia Kuang et H. C. Fu plantation with different age (4-, 6-, 11-, 17-, and 31-year-old) in Gonghe Basin of the Tibetan Plateau, and the annual fine root mortality was used for calculation the annual carbon input to SOC pool. The results showed that fine root biomass, production, and mortality first increased and then decreased as the plantation age increased. Fine root biomass peaked in 17-year-old plantation, production and mortality peaked in 6-year-old plantation, and turnover rate of 4- and 6-year-old plantations were significantly higher than other plantations. Fine root production and mortality were negative correlated with soil nutrients at depth of 0–20 and 20–40 cm. The variation range of carbon input by fine root mortality across different plantation age at 0–60 cm soil depth was 0.54–0.85 Mg ha-1 year-1, accounting for 2.40–7.54% of the SOC stocks. C. intermedia plantation has a strong carbon sequestration potential from long time scale. Fine roots regenerate faster in young stands and lower soil nutrients environment. Our results suggest that the influences of plantation age and soil depth should be taken into account when calculating the contribution of fine root to SOC stocks in desert ecosystems.
Exploring the mechanism of live streaming e-commerce anchors’ language appeals on users’ purchase intention
Authors: Ma Erwei , Liu Jiaojiao , Li Kai 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionLive streaming e-commerce is an important way for consumers to shop nowadays. Anchors, as salesperson in live streaming e-commerce, greatly affect the sales of the broadcast room. This paper studies the influence mechanism of anchors’ language appeals, rational appeal, and emotional appeal on users’ purchase intention. This study establishes a research framework which based on stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory, and constructs a model to reflect the relationship between anchors language appeals, self-referencing, self-brand congruity, and purchase intention.MethodsSurvey using a convenience sample (N = 509) was conducted on Chinese mainland netizens through WJX platform (October 17-23, 2022) to obtain data. The partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method was used for data analysis.ResultsThe study found that anchors’ language appeals was positively correlated with self-referencing and self-brand congruity, and there is a positive correlation between self-referencing, self-brand congruity, and purchase intention. Self-referencing and self-brand congruity play a mediating effect between anchors language appeals and purchase intention.DiscussionThis study advances the literature on live streaming e-commerce research and SOR and provides practical implications to influence the strategy of the e-commerce anchors.