bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O.5.1-4 Approaches to promote active transport against the background of societal and climate change – Results of a nationwide survey from Germany
Authors: Manz Kristin , Böttger Sarah Jane , Krug Susanne 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Active transport has various benefits, such as increasing physical activity levels and mitigating climate change. However, knowledge about common motives for active transport is limited, although it could be useful for designing effective public health strategies. In addition, the impact of currently observable increased remote working on active transport behaviour change are widely unknown. We aim to investigate (1) what motivates adults to walk or cycle to get to and from places, (2) differ health- and climate-related motives by sociodemographic factors (e.g., gender, age, education), and (3) whether an increase in remote working affects active transport behaviour.

Methods
We used data from a nationwide population-based study conducted from 11/2021 till 02/2022. Our sample compromised 10,448 participants (51.1 % women), and data used were self-reported. We performed multivariable regression analyses to investigate whether sociodemographic factors predict the selection of a motive for active transport and whether a change in remote working predicts a change in active transport behaviour.

Results
The most frequently chosen motives for active transport were “it is good for my health” (77.4 % of adults using active transport regularly) and “to be physically active” (75.7 %), followed by “it is good for the environment and climate” (54.8 %). The health-related motives were more often chosen by older adults, adults with a higher educational level and adults with a better health status. The motive to protect the environment and climate was more often chosen by women, adults with a higher educational level and adults with a better health status. A comparison between winter 2021/2022 and pre-pandemic times based on retrospective questions showed that an increase in remote working was associated with a reduction in active transport (relative risk ratio: 2.8) as well as an increase (relative risk ratio: 1.5; only significant in men).

Conclusions
Health- and climate-related motives should be addressed when promoting active transport. Additionally, compensatory strategies are necessary to prevent a decline in total physical activity level due increased remote working.

Support/Funding Source
The study was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Health.
O.5.1-11 Index for Promoting Sustainable, Healthy and Environment friendly Lifestyles and its association with metabolic syndrome: findings from a Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Singh Nisha , Bälter Katarina , Tillander Annika 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between sustainable and healthy lifestyle factors and the risk of metabolic syndrome, with a focus on promoting sustainable, healthy and environment friendly behaviours. By creating Index for Promoting Sustainable, Healthy and Environment friendly Lifestyles (IPSHEL), we aimed to assess the combined impact of various lifestyle factors on the development of metabolic syndrome.

Methods
A population-based cohort study was conducted in Sweden, involving a total of 5,364 participants. Lifestyle factors related to physical activity, food habits, tobacco use, alcohol, and sleep were assessed through questionnaires. To quantify the influence of these factors, an Index called IPSHEL was developed. Each lifestyle factor was graded and aggregated into an overall index score for each participant.

Results
The results showed a significant association between IPSHEL and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Individuals with the highest IPSHEL scores had reduced relative risk of developing metabolic syndrome compared to those with the lowest IPSHEL scores. Notable lifestyle factors strongly associated with metabolic syndrome included the intake of fast food and soda, portion sizes of meat and other protein-rich foods, intake of red and processed meat, consumption of cakes, candy, chocolate, ice-cream, chips, total sitting time, snuff use, and the climate impact from diet.

Conclusions
This study highlights the importance of adopting a sustainable and healthy lifestyle in reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. The IPSHEL proved to be a valuable tool in assessing the combined impact of multiple lifestyle factors. These findings suggest the practical application of the index in public health contexts, serving as a useful tool for surveys, interventions, and evaluations targeting healthy behaviours. By promoting sustainable, healthy and environment friendly lifestyle choices, we can strive towards improved population health and the achievement of global development goals.
O.5.2-2 The relationship between moderate-vigorous physical activity and menopausal symptoms
Authors: Fitzsimons Claire , Reid Janis , Sivaramakrishnan Divya , Mutrie Nanette , Strain Tessa , Niven Ailsa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
There is growing evidence for the benefits of physical activity (PA) during the menopause lifestage (MLS), but limited understanding of women’s experiences of being PA at this time. This study aimed to understand how PA is related to menopausal symptoms during the MLS by: i) assessing the proportion of participants meeting the moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) guidelines, and perceived PA changes during MLS; ii) assessing prevalence of menopausal symptoms; iii) examining participants’ perceptions of how menopausal symptoms impact PA; iv) investigating the relationship between experiencing symptoms and meeting PA recommendations.

Methods
Participants completed an online survey (Oct-Nov22, n = 655; average age 49.9 years; 56% peri-menopausal; 20% early-post menopause; 24% mid post-menopause) including questions related to meeting MVPA recommendations, experience of 14 menopausal symptoms, and perceptions of symptom impact on likelihood of PA engagement. Descriptive statistics were presented and Chi-squared tests used to examine associations between symptom experience and MVPA guideline compliance, with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.

Results
Seventy-five percent of participants reported achieving MVPA guidelines (150 minutes/week). Fifty-seven percent reported PA levels had decreased during the current menopause life stage. Twelve out of 14 symptoms were experienced by &gt; 50% participants, with changes in mood and brain fog most common (&gt;80%). For 10 out of the 14 symptoms, &gt;50% participants indicated a negative impact on likelihood to engage in PA, with changes to mood, difficulty sleeping (not due to night sweats), and muscle aches and joint pains most detrimental. Whilst not significant, for 10 of the 14 symptoms the proportion meeting the MVPA guidelines was lower amongst those who experienced the symptoms.

Conclusions
Participants had similar levels of MVPA to national norms, although the majority perceived their PA levels had declined. Participants experienced a range of symptoms which were perceived to negatively impact their PA levels, although not statistically evident. The MLS represents a time when being active can be difficult so it is important to find ways to better support women.

Support/Funding Source
This work was funded by SAMH, the Scottish Association for Mental Health.
O.5.3-2 Development of a framework for scaling up community-based health promotion: a best fit framework synthesis
Authors: Weber Philipp , Birkholz Leonie , Helsper Natalie , Dippon Lea , Kohler Simone , Pfeifer Klaus , Rütten Alfred , Semrau Jana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Community-based health promotion with a focus on people with social disadvantages is essential to address persistently existing health inequities. However, achieving an impact on public health requires scaling up such approaches beyond manifold funded pilot projects. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of scaling-up frameworks in health promotion and to identify key components for scaling up community-based health promotion.

Methods
We followed the “best fit” framework synthesis approach and conducted a systematic search for scaling-up frameworks for health promotion in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and SportDiscus. Based on the included frameworks, we created an a priori framework. Second, we searched for primary research studies in the same databases that reported scaling-up processes of community-based health promotion. We coded the data using the a priori framework.

Results
From 80 articles, 5 were included for data extraction. The analysis yielded 10 a priori defined key components: “innovation characteristics”; “clarify and coordinate roles and responsibilities”; “build up skills, knowledge, and capacity”; “mobilize and sustain resources”; “initiate and maintain regular communication”; “plan, conduct, and apply assessment, monitoring, and evaluation”; “develop political commitment and advocacy”; “build and foster collaboration”; “encourage participation and ownership”; and “plan and follow strategic approaches”. We further identified 113 primary research studies; 10 were eligible. No new key components were found, but all a priori defined key components were supported by the studies. Ten key components for scaling up community-based health promotion represent the final framework.

Conclusion
The “best fit” framework synthesis approach provides science-based insights for developing successful scaling up processes in the field of physical activity-related health promotion. We further identified “encourage participation and ownership” as a crucial component regarding health equity. Moreover, practice-based evidence from different stakeholders at various levels will be needed to develop a practice and science-based concept to scaling up a community-based health promotion approach.

Funding Source
This research was funded by the Federal Centre of Health Education (BZgA) on behalf of and with funds from the statutory health insurances according to § 20a SGB V in the context of the GKV Alliance for Health.
O.5.3-3 Evaluation of the Sports Club for Health (SCforH) online learning tool among various stakeholders and end-users from 34 European countries
Authors: Matolić Tena , Jurakić Danijel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The awareness of the Sports Club for Health (SCforH) guidelines was shown to be positively associated with a greater commitment to HEPA promotion in sports organisations. Because of the low implementation (&lt;20%) of SCforH guidelines, we created their e-version, an interactive multilingual online learning course. The aim of this research was to determine the levels of potential stakeholders’ perceived quality of the course, to help improve the: i) content of new, similar courses, ii) effectiveness of their future dissemination, and iii) the rate of their success.

Methods
The sample included 910 participants: 26 HEPA policymakers, 15 HEPA promotors and researchers, 55 sports associations, and 219 sports club representatives, 70 academic staff, and 410 students in higher education or research institution in the field of sport, health, or physical activity, and 115 “other” participants, from 34 European countries. The participants provided their answers to the EDUCA-TOOL course evaluation questionnaire consisting of 12 course-quality assessment items categorised into 4 different subscales: Reaction, Learning, Behavioural intent, and Expected outcomes. The summary scores for all subscales (max = 25) and the total score (max = 100) were calculated.

Results
Overall reaction and learning mean were 21.11 and 19.63, ranging from 20.58 to 22.33 for reaction, and from 18.81 to 20.94 for learning among students, and HEPA promotors and researchers, respectively. The overall behavioural intent mean was 20.12, ranging from 19.29 in students to 21.68 in HEPA policymakers. The expected outcomes mean was 19.31, ranging from 18.39 in academic staff to 21.7 in HEPA promotors and researchers. Overall satisfaction with the course was relatively high – 80.43 mean, and in a range from 77.72 for students to 86.51 in HEPA promotors and researchers.

Conclusions
Innovative and engaging methods of disseminating the SCforH guidelines may aid their widespread adoption and understanding among various stakeholders in Europe. These findings can also be used to improve the content of new training courses for HEPA promotion.

Support/Funding Source
This work is supported by the Erasmus+ Program of the European Union as part of the project “Creating Mechanisms for Continuous Implementation of the Sports Club for Health Guidelines in the European Union” under Grant: 613434-EPP-1-2019-1-HR-SPO-SCP.
O.6.1-4 A whole school, systems-based approach to health enhancing physical activity (WSA HEPA)- challenges and lessons learnt from an ERASMUS+ Collaborative Partnership project
Authors: Crone Diane , Sellars Paul , Barkoukis Vasillis , Jaakkola Timo , Huhtiniemi Miko 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) is an ongoing concern for all countries and in particular for young people, who are the future adults in our society. Global physical inactivity levels remain static (Guthold et al., 2018) and as a consequence there is an international goal to reduce physical inactivity by 10% by 2025 and by 15% by 2030 (WHO, 2018). To support the achievement of physical activity goals, the World Health Organisation designed a Global Action Plan for Physical Activity (GAPPA) (WHO, 2018). Using the GAPPA, the aim of the WSA HEPA project was to co-produce resource materials that promote the GAPPA objectives and adopt a whole-systems approach to addressing HEPA in schools for young people. In summary, this presentation will present the WSA HEPA project, explain the material development and how to access them (here) and conclude with challenges and lessons learnt.

Description
The presentation will include (i) an overview of the project including the co-production approach to the material (module) development and EU wide mixed method needs analysis undertaken to inform their development; (ii) an explanation of the six modules and conclude with (iii) challenges and lessons learnt from the project.

Conclusion
Participants attending the presentation will gain an understanding of how a whole school, whole systems-based approach for health enhancing physical activity can be implemented. They will also have access to the resources to enable this from the project and be cognisant of the challenges and benefits to such an approach. They should have sufficient knowledge and access to resources to be able to implement this in their home countries.
O.6.2-6 Life skills development and transfer in community sports programs
Authors: Alarslan Güven , Harmsel-Nieuwenhuis Liselot ter , Verkooijen Kirsten , van Hilvoorde Ivo , Koelen Maria 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Participating in community sports programs can contribute to positive developmental outcomes, such as the development and transfer of life skills. However, studies specifically focusing on which life skills are developed and whether these skills are indeed transferred to other life domains among socially vulnerable adults, are still lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate life skills development and transfer among socially vulnerable adults as a result of pariticpating in in community sports programs.

Methods
This study builds on a life-course approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with a total of 13 program participants and three social sports coaches. Additionally, four focus group discussions were organized in which a total of four program coordinators, five social sports coaches and six social workers participated. By employing multiple methods and data sources, data triangulation was achieved. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
We found that program participants developed cognitive, emotional, and social life skills. Examples of cognitive life skills were planning and time management, taking initiative, critical thinking, self-awareness, and self-direction. Examples of emotional life skills were coping skills, empathy, and staying mentally positive. Examples of social skills were expressing feelings, assertiveness, leadership, respect, and teamwork. Although the views of the program participants, their coaches and the results from the focus group discussions showed overlap, differences in which life skills were developed and/or transferred by program participants were also found. For example, the development and transfer of planning and time management was mentioned by several social sports coaches and during the focus group discussions, however, this was not always mentioned by the program participants.

Conclusions
Adults in a socially vulnerable position (can) develop cognitive, emotional and social life skills by participating in community sports programs. Moreover, the transfer of these life skills to other life domains like home and work was demonstrated. These findings are an important step towards better understanding the societal impact of community sports programs serving socially vulnerable adults.
O.6.2-7 “Virtual Surf Booth”: assessment of a novel tool and data collection process to measure the impact of a 6-week surf programme on wellbeing
Authors: Gerami Ariane , Foster Charlie , Murphy Joey 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Practicing physical activity in blue space (i.e. forms of natural and manmade surface water) is shown to be associated with an improvement in wellbeing. Surfing is a popular blue space activity with surf therapy increasingly used as a health intervention. However, the mechanisms through which surfing leads to an improvement in wellbeing remain unclear. One reason for this is the challenges with collecting data related to acute and chronic wellbeing outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usability of an online digital tool to measure wellbeing outcomes, and the usefulness of the data collected.

Methods
Participants of a 6-week surf programme, delivered at The Wave Bristol, were invited to partake. Each participant was asked to complete the online digital tool on weeks 1, 2, 4 and 6. Qualitative (video recording and word association) and quantitative (Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being scale) responses were collected. Usability and acceptability of the tool were evaluated through focus groups with participants and engagement data. Descriptive analysis and paired samples t-tests were used to assess differences in wellbeing during the surf programme. A reflexive thematic analysis was used to assess video and word association responses.

Results
Participants (n = 15, 100% female, age=43.0±5 years) perceived the tool as easy to use due to the short completion time, range of tool functionalities, and useful because it provided time for reflection. Aspects such as increasing privacy when using the tool, accessibility of the tool, and incentivisation with completing the questions were seen as aspects that can increase future engagement. From a research perspective, the data collected allowed for the assessment of acute and chronic wellbeing, and demonstrated a positive relationship between surfing and wellbeing.

Conclusions
The study provides support that the tool can be a usable and useful process of collecting wellbeing data within surfing. Such a tool may allow us to understand the mechanisms through which surfing and other activities impact wellbeing. However this area of research is still new and more work needs to be done to assess the reliability and validity of the tool.

Funding Source
University of Bristol Grant Capture Fund.
O.6.3-1 Implementation and evaluation of the Walking In ScHools (WISH) Trial in adolescent girls: mixed-methods process evaluation of a clustered randomised control trial using RE-AIM
Authors: Carlin Angela , Doherty Leanne C , O'Kane S Maria , Jago Russell , McDermott Gary , Gallagher Alison M , Lahart Ian M , Faulkner Maria , Murphy Marie H 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of the Walking In ScHools (WISH) Study was to investigate the effectiveness of a school-based, peer-led, walking intervention, delivered across the school year, at increasing adolescent girls (12-14 years) physical activity (PA) levels. The intervention was delivered in schools across Northern Ireland (n6) and the Republic of Ireland (n3). Older girls (15-18 years) were trained as Walk Leaders and led the pupils in 10–15-minute brisk walks, before school, during break and lunch recess.

Methods
A mixed methods process evaluation was undertaken, using the RE-AIM framework, to evaluate the WISH intervention. Attendance and fidelity of walks were monitored by Walk Leaders completing a check list at each walk. At baseline, end of intervention and follow-up, pupils completed questionnaires to assess self-efficacy for PA and walking, health-related quality of life and reasons for engaging in PA. Friendship networks were evaluated at baseline and end of intervention. Walk Leaders completed questionnaires before the training and at end of intervention to evaluate self-perception of PA and fitness, PA enjoyment and self-efficacy, and leadership skills. Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with Teachers (n9) and Walk Leaders (n19), to identify key elements affecting implementation. Focus groups (n9) were conducted with pupils who were low and high attenders at walks, to identify factors that affected intervention participation, motivation and enjoyment. Interviews and focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative data was managed in NVivo and analysis was undertaken using thematic analysis. Quantitative analysis was undertaken using SPSS (IBM SPSS V23).

Results
A total of 589 pupils were recruited and 286 girls were allocated to the intervention cluster with 149 Walk Leaders trained. Over the duration of the study, 51 pupils and 4 Walk Leaders withdrew from the study. Most girls attended walks (n212; 74%), albeit, participation varied across schools, with number of walks attended, ranging from 2 to 80. Data analysis is ongoing and results will be finalised May 2023.

Conclusions
Early results from the process evaluation of this fully powered Intervention, indicate implementation of the intervention varied across schools. This process evaluation will provide insights into factors affecting implementation of school-based interventions.
How Alliances Shape Rivalries
Authors: Suhas Prashant Hosur 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A small body of scholarship has identified asymmetric rivalries as a phenomenon where two unevenly matched states are engaged in drawn-out security competitions or rivalries. Despite pointing out that many rivalries persist between states with significant power disparity, their conflict dynamics remain an understudied topic. Questions such as: why weaker states initiate conflicts against stronger states within a strategic rivalry, and why do some asymmetric rivalries de-escalate while others do not, have not been sufficiently addressed. In this paper, I argue that alliances embolden weaker states to initiate conflicts but also manage to facilitate a greater degree of affinity with their rivals on global and regional issues. Weaker states in a rivalry pursue alliances to equip themselves to fight against stronger rivals. At the same time, allies are also likely to act as a restraint on their partner fearing being dragged into their partner’s conflicts thus contributing to rivalry de-escalation. These two factors lead to two different behaviors: a higher probability of conflict initiation by the weaker state on account of newfound support, and medium to long-term rivalry de-escalation, on account of the weaker state’s ally’s fears of chain-ganging and becoming embroiled in its partner’s conflicts.