bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF EMOTIONAL AND COGNITIVE RESPONSE TO HERITAGE ON TOURIST DESTINATION IMAGE: A COMPARISON OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE MEASURES
Authors: Garzón Paredes Alexis , Royo Vela Marcelo 
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the Tourist Destination Image construct in destinations with historical and architectural heritage by applying and comparing two different techniques, experimentation using neuromarketing techniques and measures, and survey using multi-item scales. Both techniques measured the cognitive and emotional responses of participants who experienced virtual realities of tourist destinations with architectural heritage. In the case of the experimentation, we applied neuroscience techniques to observe and measure brain responses in alpha and beta bioelectrical waves using an electroencephalogram. In the case of the survey, the questionnaire included a multi-item scale to measure the cognitive and emotional dimensions of the image of the virtual destinations. The results indicate that the virtual experience of historical and architectural heritage intensively and positively impacts Tourist Destination Image formation. The measure based on the multi-item scale seems to offer better explanatory and predictive results. However, this result may be due to methodological limitations.
Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar la formación de la imagen de destino turístico de destinos con patrimonio histórico y arquitectónico utilizando y comparando dos técnicas diferentes, la experimentación, aplicando tecnicas y medidas de neuromarketing y la encuesta aplicando escalas de medida multi-item. En ambas técnicas, medimos las respuestas cognitivas y emocionales de los participantes que experimentaron realidades virtuales de destinos turísticos con patrimonio arquitectónico. En el caso de la experimentación, aplicamos técnicas de neurociencia para observar y medir respuestas en ondas bioeléctricas cerebrales alfa y beta mediante un electroencefalograma. En el caso de la encuesta, el cuestionario incluía una escala multiítem para medir las dimensiones cognitivas y emocionales de la imagen de los destinos virtuales. Los resultados indican que la experiencia virtual del patrimonio histórico y arquitectónico impacta de manera intensiva y positiva en la formación de la imagen del destino turístico. La medida basada en la escala multiítem parece ofrecer mejores resultados explicativos y predictivos. Sin embargo, este resultado puede deberse a limitaciones metodológicas.
SOBRE LA COMERCIALIZACIÓN TURÍSTICA DE LAS MEMORIAS COLECTIVAS. ADAPTACIONES, CONFLICTOS Y GESTIÓN
Authors: Rodríguez Darias Alberto Jonay , Márquez González Lorena Isabel 
Published: February 2025

The text considers collective memories as structures (re)constructed by individuals and communities, which, in turn, serve as a structuring narrative. It then explores some of the implications of incorporating these memories into the tourism market through projected images, specific products, or simple settings, and provides a theoretical model aimed at generating strategies to minimize the impacts of these commercialization processes on symbolic constructions of the collective past.
El texto parte de la consideración de las memorias colectivas como estructuras (re)construidas por individuos y colectividades, que a su vez les sirven como narrativa estructurante. A partir de ahí, aborda algunas de las implicaciones de su incorporación en el mercado turístico a través de la imagen proyectada, productos específicos o la simple ambientación y aporta un modelo teórico que pretende ayudar a generar estrategias orientadas a para minimizar los impactos de estos procesos de comercialización de las construcciones simbólicas sobre el pasado colectivo.
HIV-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIORS OF NURSES EMPLOYED BY KARACHI PUBLIC CARE HOSPITALS
Authors: Muhammad Abid Abbasi  , Ahsan Ullah  , Saqib Ur Rehman  
Published: February 2025

Since one of the four most important qualities of nurses is caring, they should be well-versed about HIV, follow proper procedures, and have a good attitude toward patients with the virus. They should also attend to the physical, psychological, and spiritual needs of these patients because they have no prospect of recovery. The objective of this study is to assess the level of HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among nurses working in public healthcare facilities in Karachi, with a focus on their interactions with patients living with HIV. This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive approach based on a structured questionnaire. Through non-probability convenient sampling, the charge nurses employed by Karachi’s four public care institutions were chosen as the population. 100 people made up the sample. The findings showed that 37% of the nurses had great understanding of HIV, 48% had average knowledge, and the other nurses had low knowledge. The majority of responders showed a satisfactory level of practices, and the majority of nurses showed a positive attitude toward HIV patients. The overall findings showed that despite their mediocre understanding of the illness, the nurses had a compassionate demeanor and were eager to help the patients. According to the study's findings, nurses in a few public care hospitals in the Karachi have a mediocre level of expertise, but they have a compassionate attitude toward patients who are HIV positive and are willing to help them. Nurse education and training can help to further enhance the practices and attitudes. The study's findings call on hospital management, nursing leaders, and national health policy makers to take the appropriate steps to ensure that health care workers, particularly nurses, receive the most recent information.
Pagsusuring Retorikal at Pananaw Tungo sa Pagbubuo ng Tagline ng mga Bayan
Authors: Manaois Fely Rose B. 
Published: February 2025

The study was conducted to know the strategies for creating the tagline in the different municipalities of La Union. The rhetorical aspects were analyzed based on style, lexicon, and semantics. The ideas of four groups of respondents—tourism administrators, teachers, students, and citizens, were taken by using an aide memoire. Many styles, lexicons, and meanings of the tagline of the municipalities reflect their culture and were validated by the responses of the interviewees. The styles used were powerful verbs, acronyms, translation, code-mixing, rhyming, and logo. The Iloco Code, history, and characteristics of the municipality and its populace are the lexicon. The four groups of respondents clarified that the objectives and influence of their tagline resulted in the creation of suggested strategies for formulating taglines that may be used in teaching language at the tertiary level.
Isinagawa ang pag-aaral sa layuning malaman ang mga pamamaraan sa pagbubuo ng mga tagline sa mga bayan ng La Union. Sinuri ang mga retorikal na pamantayan batay sa estilo, leksikon at semantika. Kasabay nito ang pagkuha ng pananaw sa apat na pangkat na kinapanayam sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng aide memoir. Marami ang estilo, pinagmulan at kahulugan ng mga tagline ng bawat bayan na sumasalamin sa kultura ng bawat isa na napagtibay sa pamamagitan din ng mga pananaw ng ibang mga pangkat na kinapanayam. Ang mga estilong lumabas ay paggamit ng pandiwang makapangyarihan, akronim, pagsasalin, code mixing, paggamit ng logo at pagtutugma. Iloco Code, kasaysayan at katangian ng bayan, at mamamayan ang pinaghanguan ng tagline. Mahalaga ang ambag na kaisipan ng mga apat na pangkat na kinapanayam dahil nagbigay ito ng linaw sa tunguhin at impluwensiya ng kanilang tagline. Daan ang mga ito upang makabuo ng mungkahing pamamaraan sa pagbubuo ng tagline na maaaring magamit sa pagtuturo ng wika bilang kongklusyon Nabuo ang mga sumusunod na rekomendasyon: magsagawa ng karagdagang pag-aaral pa tungkol sa mga tagline para makita pa ang mga pagbabagong ginagamit sa pagbuo ng mga ito; mainam din na gawing lunsaran ang mga tagline sa mga usaping panlipunan.
The Impact of Obesity on Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: A Retrospective Analysis in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Ondego Selvine Ouma , Odongo Alfred Owino , Njuguna Diana Wangeshi 
Published: February 2025

Background: Obesity is a growing world concern, with one-third of the world’s population estimated to be obese or overweight. Obesity affects all age groups, both genders, and different ethnicities at variable rates with an increase in prevalence since 1980 having doubled.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate obesity as a potential risk factor for the aggressiveness of prostate cancer among male patients in selected hospitals within Kiambu County i.e. Gatundu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu Level 5 Hospital and Thika Level 5 Hospital.
Research Methods: Purposive and convenience sampling methods were employed to select patients from three hospitals: Gatundu Level 5, Kiambu Level 5, and Thika Level 5 Hospital. The study employed a convenience and purposive sampling technique to select the sample for this research. An analytical retrospective research design was used to analyze the retrospective aspect of obesity on PC among patients.
Results: This present study involved 256 patients with prostate cancer. The findings, it was revealed that there was a high level of prostate cancer aggression among men in Kiambu County, cumulative of 52.9%. The findings revealed that age (p=0.003), marital status (p=0.042), length of diagnosis (p=0.005), and stage of cancer (p=0.000) of the patients significantly influenced the aggression of prostate cancer (p < 0.05) and more than 40 percent of those with PC were above 45 years. There was a significant association between prostate cancer aggression and obesity with (p< 0.05), i.e. the association between PC aggression with ever being obese (p=0.018), patient still obese (p=0.0111), obesity contributing to PC symptoms (p=0.003), difficulty managing PC with obesity (p=0.017), and deaths due to obesity (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Understanding the implications of high aggression in prostate cancer can help guide clinical decision-making and patient education, emphasizing the importance of personalized approaches in managing this disease.
The Effect of a Combination of N, P, K and Biochar-Silica Fertilizers On CEC, C-organic, N, P, K Content of Plant and Yield of Rice on Inceptisols Jatinangor, Indonesia
Authors: Sofyan Emma Trinurani , Sudirja Rija , Sara Dirga Sapta , Damayanti Farida , Citraresmini Ania , Putri Andina Kristina 
Published: February 2025

Inceptisols have enormous potential for cultivating lowland rice because of their wide distribution in Indonesia, but low fertility is one of the problems with Inceptisols. The experiment aims to determine the effect of a combination of N, P, K, and biochar-silica fertilizers on CEC, C-organic, N, P, K content of plant, and rice yields and to obtain a treatment combination that gives the best lowland rice yields on Inceptisols. The experiment was carried out from August to November 2024 using experimental plots as experimental units and arranged in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 10 treatments and three replications, namely 3 treatments with a combination dose of 0% N, P, K and biochar-silica, 3 treatment with a dose of 50% N, P, K and biochar-silica, 3 treatments with a dose of 100% N, P, K and biochar-silica, and 1 control treatment. The experimental results showed that the combination of N, P, K, and biochar-silica fertilizers could influence CEC, organic C, P, K element content in plants, and rice yield, but did not have a significant effect on plant N content. Treatment N, P, K (175 kg ha-1 Urea, 25 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 25 kg ha-1 KCl) and dose of biochar (2.5 ton ha-1) + silica 320 kg ha-1 is the treatment with the best dose in increasing the yield of harvested dry grain (GKP) for lowland rice, namely 3.37 kg plot-1.
Influence of Intra-Household Gender Dynamics on Household Vulnerability to Climate Change: Empirical Evidence from Tripura State of North-East India
Authors: Debnath Ritesh , Devarani Loukham 
Published: February 2025

Aim: The study aims to determine how intra-household gender dynamics affect women’s vulnerability to climate change at the household level in the West Tripura district.
Study Design: The study followed an ex-post facto research design, with data collected through a survey and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the West Tripura district of Tripura which is the most vulnerable district to climate change. Primary data were collected from April to June 2023.
Methodology: Through multistage sampling, a total of 60 households were selected for the study of which 49 were male-headed households and 11 female-headed. All male-headed households had both a primary man and a primary woman member; whereas the female-headed households had only a primary woman member. Therefore, a total of 49 primary men and 60 primary women were selected which resulted in a total number of 109 respondents for the present study. For calculating the Household Livelihood Vulnerability Score (HLVS) of the individual, the components of the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) approach were adapted with necessary modifications to suit local context.
Results: There was a greater number of households where only the primary men had adequacy in the selected empowerment variables while there was a comparatively lesser incidence of women achieving adequacy. The annual household income of male-headed households was higher than the female-headed households by 30.38 %. The contribution of women in the household income of male-headed households averaged just 9.65 %. Variables such as income of primary women, primary women's contribution to household income, and household head had a positive and significant relationship with the HLVS at a 1 percent level of significance. Women-headed households had significantly higher HLVS than men-headed households across all the selected empowerment variables.
Conclusion: The findings revealed a significant impact of intra-household gender dynamics on households’ vulnerability to climate change, implying that any vulnerability reduction approaches such as gender-inclusive climate action should address this dimension in the future.
Postmenopausal bone loss in Japanese women
Authors: Mizuno K. , Suzuki A. , Ino Y. , Asada Y. , Kikkawa F. , Tomoda Y. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: Our purpose was to detect anatomic variations in postmenopausal bone loss and to determine the risk factors most affecting bone mass in Japanese women. Methods: One hundred sixty‐six Japanese women (54 premenopausal and 112 postmenopausal), aged 40–68 years, were enrolled in the study. Bone mineral densities (BMD) of the lumbar spine (L2–4) and total body were measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry and the results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Among the various sites studied, the lumbar spine (L2–4) showed the fastest bone loss after menopause. Multiple regression analysis indicated that two factors, number of years since the menopause and body mass index (BMI), affected lumbar spine (L2–4) BMD. Conclusion: Measurement of lumbar spine (L2–4) BMD is suitable for evaluating postmenopausal osteoporosis. The risk factors for postmenopausal bone loss were a long period after menopause and a low BMI.
Seasonality in Canadian treasury bond returns: An institutional explanation
Authors: Athanassakos George , Tian Yisong Sam 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis paper empirically investigates the seasonality in quarterly bond returns in the Canadian government bond market. Four equally weighted bond return indices were calculated for each quarter in the period from 1963:Q2 to 1990:Q3. The seasonality in these quarterly returns was tested and the results support the existence of seasonality in quarterly bond returns in the Canadian government bond market. It appears that bond returns in the last quarter of the year are significantly higher than in any other quarter of the year. This finding contrasts to the results in U.S. studies on Treasury bond returns. An institutional explanation is offered for the documented seasonality in bond returns, linking it to the annual Canada Savings Bond campaign in the last quarter of the year, a unique Canadian phenomenon. This hypothesis is supported by empirical evidence based on a regression analysis. Such finding is consistent with the fact that no seasonality in Treasury bond returns is found in the U.S., at the U.S. Savings Bonds are sold regularly throughout the year.
Separation of Pure and Immunoreactive Virus‐Like Particles Using Gel Filtration Chromatography Following Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Shen , Lee Meng‐Shiou , Lai Su‐Yuan , Doong Shyue‐Ru , Wang Min‐Ying 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA purification process was developed to obtain highly pure rVP2H particles, formed by a structural protein (VP2) of the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) with six additional histidine residues at its C‐terminus. The ultimate goal was the development of an efficient subunit vaccine against IBDV infection. The particles within the infected High‐Five (Hi‐5) cell lysates were partially purified by employing immobilized metal ion (Ni2+) affinity chromatography (IMAC). The initial step could recover approximately 85% of immunoreactive rVP2H proteins but failed to separate the rVP2H particles from the free rVP2H proteins or its degraded products. To separate the particulate form from the free form of rVP2H, an additional step was added, which used either gel filtration chromatography or CsCl density gradient ultracentrifugation. Both were able to produce extremely pure rVP2H particles with a buoyant density close to 1.27 g/cm3. However, the former method can process a larger sample volume than does the latter. By integrating IMAC and gel filtration chromatography, 1 mg of extremely pure rVP2H particles was routinely obtained from a 500 mL Hi‐5 cell culture broth. The separation of the particulate form from the free form of rVP2H proteins exposes their respective immunogenicity to induce the virus‐neutralizing antibodies and the ability to protect chickens from IBDV infection. Additionally, the abundant quantities of pure rVP2H particles coupled with their uniform dimensions facilitates an understanding of higher order structure of the immunogenic particles and can therefore result in improved vaccines against the virus.
The value of family screening for patients with cystine stone disease in northern Jordan
Authors: Bani Hani  , Matani  , Smadi  
Published: July 2002

Objective To assess the prevalence of cystinuria and cystine stone disease among families of patients with cystine stones, and to determine their distribution by age, sex and associated morbidity.Subjects and methods The study comprised 180 relatives (87 males and 93 females, mean age 43 years) descended from two brothers over four generations who live in two areas in northern Jordan. Data were collected using a questionnaire and home visits, by urinary cystine testing and radiology to detect stone, and assessing hypertension and renal impairment.Results Of the 180 subjects, 104 (58%) had a positive reaction for cystine in urine; 33 (32%) of these were younger than 15 years. Twenty members (11%) of the families had evidence of renal cystine stone disease. Hypertension and renal impairment were detected in a significant proportion of individuals with cystine stone disease.Conclusion Cystinuria is a major risk factor for cystine stone formation. Family screening is valuable in detecting the cystinuric population and in assessing individuals with stones. Early recognition, treatment and counselling result in better management and prevention. The establishment of a cystine study group in our region is essential.
Community‐Acquired Pneumonia in Older Veterans: Does the Pneumonia Prognosis Index Help?
Authors: Mody Lona , Sun Rongjun , Bradley Suzanne 
Published: July 2002

OBJECTIVES:Mortality rates from pneumonia increase steadily with age. Recently, a disease severity model (the Pneumonia Prognosis Index (PPI)) has been developed to predict mortality from community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). PPI ranks severity of pneumonia from 1 to 5, with 5 being most severe. This retrospective study utilizes the PPI to address the prognosis of CAP in older adults.DESIGN:Retrospective review of medical charts.SETTING:Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center.PARTICIPANTS:All adults aged 60 and older admitted to a Veterans Affairs Medical Center with CAP between January 1 and December 31, 1998.MEASUREMENTS:PPI was calculated using subjects' demographics, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, and laboratory measurements.RESULTS:Eighty‐two patients aged 60 and older were admitted with 101 episodes of CAP. The mean age ± standard deviation was 72 ± 9. Seventy‐four episodes were admitted from the emergency room, 20 from another hospital, seven from nursing homes, and five from outpatient clinics. Mean length of stay was 7.1 ± 6 days. Comorbid conditions included coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, neoplasm, stroke, and renal failure. Most episodes fell into higher PPI classes, with 20% in Class 3, 46% in Class 4, and 32% in Class 5. PPI score was significantly related to length of stay (P < .001), intensity of care (P < .0001), and presence of complications (P < .001). Mortality was 14% at 30 days: 0.5% in Class 3, 10.8% in Class 4, and 25% in Class 5.CONCLUSION:The PPI was effective in identifying older adults with CAP who were at risk of a poor outcome, but the practical utility of this index remains to be determined. Further prospective studies are required to elucidate the importance of comorbidities, severity at presentation, and premorbid functional status on clinical and functional outcomes of CAP in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 50:434–438, 2002.
Oxygen precipitation retardation and recovery phenomena in Czochralski silicon: Experimental observations, nuclei dissolution model, and relevancy with nucleation issues
Authors: Tan T. Y. , Kung C. Y. 
Published: July 2002

We report experimental results of an oxygen precipitation study carried out using Czochralski silicon wafers. A two-step anneal scheme was employed: a lower-temperature step (at 650 or 750 °C for 0–128 h) for SiO2 precipitate nucleation and a higher temperature step (at 1050 °C for 0–64 h) for growth. The oxygen precipitation rate is monitored by measuring the interstitial oxygen (Oi) concentration in the silicon lattice. We have found that (i) a precipitation retardation phenomenon exists for wafers that received prolonged nucleation annealing treatment (from 2 to 16 h), and (ii) this retardation phenomenon gives way to a precipitation recovery phenomenon for wafers that received still longer nucleation annealing treatment (for 8–128 h). We also describe a nuclei dissolution model to explain the retardation/recovery phenomena. The dissolution proceeds against an Oi supersaturation which would normally drive the nuclei into growth.
The most important aspects of the model are (i) the dissolution occurs at the onset of the high-temperature growth anneal step, (ii) the factor directly opposing the Oi supersaturation and leading to the nuclei dissolution process is attributed to a large supersaturation of silicon self-interstitials (I supersaturation), essentially also generated at the onset of the growth anneal step, (iii) the generation of the I supersaturation is associated with a nuclei/precipitate polymorph change again occurring at the onset of the growth anneal step. The fundamental physical cause leading to these phenomena is the exigent-accommodation volume (or exigent volume) associated with precipitate growth. This model can explain the present results and is consistent with many other experimental results. We then examine the relevance of the exigent-volume factor with nucleation issues such as its effect on ramping, the effect of carbon, the existence of multiple polymorphs of SiO2, multiple nucleation paths, and a nucleation incubation phenomenon. We believe contributions of the exigent-volume factor to the nucleation phenomena generally exist.