bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide among lawyers: Role of job problems
Authors: Stack Steven , Bowman Barbara A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionSuicide research has neglected the legal profession. The present investigation determines what risk factors distinguish lawyers' suicides from those of the general population. Given the substantial investment in their careers, client dependency, and ongoing stress of work, job problems are seen as key potential drivers of lawyers' suicides.MethodologyData are from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). They refer to 30,570 suicides. Fifteen predictors, including social strains, psychiatric morbidity, and demographics, are assessed as possible drivers of lawyers' suicides. The dependent variable is a dichotomy where lawyers' suicides = 1 and other suicides = 0.ResultsThe results of a multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for the other 14 risk factors, lawyers' suicides were 91% more apt (Odds ratio = 1.91, CI: 1.17, 3.14) than other suicides to have job problems that contributed to their suicide. Other constructs differentiating lawyers' suicides from other suicides included presence of a known mental health problem, age, presence of a known substance abuse problem, and marital status. The full model correctly classified 99.57% of the suicides.ConclusionJob problems can serve as a key warning sign for lawyers' suicides. This is the first investigation of the drivers of lawyers' suicides.
A novel framework for detecting non‐recurrent road traffic anomalies by combining a temporal graph convolutional network and hierarchical time memory detector
Authors: Liang Zhewei , Wang Jingyi , Ren Shuliang , Yu Yin , Guan Qingfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA non‐recurrent road traffic anomaly refers to a sudden change in the capacity of a road segment, which deviates from the general traffic patterns, and is usually caused by abnormal traffic events such as traffic accidents and unexpected road maintenance. Timely and accurate detection of non‐recurrent road traffic anomalies facilitates immediate handling to reduce the wastage of resources and the risk of secondary accidents. Compared with other types of traffic anomaly detection methods, prediction algorithms are suitable for detecting non‐recurrent anomalies for their potential ability to distinguish non‐recurrent anomalies from recurrent congestion (e.g., rush hours). A typical prediction algorithm detects an anomaly when the difference between the predicted traffic parameter (i.e., speed) and the actual one is greater than a threshold. However, the subjective setting of thresholds in many prediction algorithms greatly affects the detection performance. This study proposes a novel framework for non‐recurrent road traffic anomaly detection (NRRTAD). The temporal graph convolutional network (T‐GCN) model acts as the predictor to learn the general traffic patterns of road segments by capturing both the topological effects and temporal patterns of traffic flows, and to predict the “normal” traffic speeds. The hierarchical time memory detector (HTM‐detector) algorithm acts as the detector to evaluate the differences between the predicted speeds and the actual speeds to detect non‐recurrent anomalies without setting a threshold. In the experiments with traffic datasets of Beijing, NRRTAD outperformed other methods, not only achieving the highest detection rates but also exhibiting higher resilience to noise. The main advantages of NRRTAD are as follows: (1) adopting the T‐GCN with a weighted graph to integrate differentiated connection strengths of multiple types of topological relations between road segments as well as temporal traffic patterns improves the prediction performance; and (2) utilizing a flexible mechanism in the HTM‐detector to adapt to changing stream data not only avoids subjective setting of a threshold, but also improves the accuracy and robustness of anomaly detection.
Co‐action of COP1, SPA and cryptochrome in light signal transduction and photomorphogenesis of the moss Physcomitrium patens
Authors: Kreiss Melanie , Haas Fabian B. , Hansen Maike , Rensing Stefan A. , Hoecker Ute 
Published: January 2023

SUMMARYThe Arabidopsis COP1/SPA ubiquitin ligase suppresses photomorphogenesis in darkness. In the light, photoreceptors inactivate COP1/SPA to allow a light response. While SPA genes are specific to the green lineage, COP1 also exists in humans. This raises the question of when in evolution plant COP1 acquired the need for SPA accessory proteins. We addressed this question by generating Physcomitrium Ppcop1 mutants and comparing their visible and molecular phenotypes with those of Physcomitrium Ppspa mutants. The phenotype of Ppcop1 nonuple mutants resembles that of Ppspa mutants. Most importantly, both mutants produce green chloroplasts in complete darkness. They also exhibit dwarfed gametophores, disturbed branching of protonemata and absent gravitropism. RNA‐sequencing analysis indicates that both mutants undergo weak constitutive light signaling in darkness. PpCOP1 and PpSPA proteins form a complex and they interact via their WD repeat domains with the VP motif of the cryptochrome CCE domain in a blue light‐dependent manner. This resembles the interaction of Arabidopsis SPA proteins with Arabidopsis CRY1, and is different from that with Arabidopsis CRY2. Taken together, the data indicate that PpCOP1 and PpSPA act together to regulate growth and development of Physcomitrium. However, in contrast to their Arabidopsis orthologs, PpCOP1 and PpSPA proteins execute only partial suppression of light signaling in darkness. Hence, additional repressors may exist that contribute to the repression of a light response in dark‐exposed Physcomitrium.
Short exposure to high salt in drinking solution leads to a cardiovascular phenotype of hypertension without changes in the blood volume of rats
Authors: Gomes Paula Magalhães , Batista Julia Santos , Sá Renato Willian Martins , Antunes Vagner Roberto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEvidence suggests that hypertension induced by high salt intake is correlated with an autonomic imbalance that favours sympathetic hyperactivity and an increase in vascular resistance, indicating a neurogenic component to this pathology. Although there are several animal models in which to study salt‐induced hypertension with prolonged exposure to a high‐sodium diet, here we sought to investigate whether the increase in arterial blood pressure of rats subjected to a short exposure to high salt, with 2% NaCl drinking solution instead of water, relies on changes in the circulating blood volume. Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: euhydrated (EU, n = 10), salt loaded (SL, n = 13) and water deprived (WD, n = 6). The SL rats exhibited a significant increase in mean arterial blood pressure, with a large low‐frequency component of systolic arterial blood pressure variability, when compared with the EU group. Circulating blood volume did not differ between SL and EU rats, but it was lower in WD rats. Compared with EU rats, the [Na+] in cerebrospinal fluid was higher in SL rats and similar in magnitude to the WD rats. Plasma [Na+] did not differ between SL and EU rats, but it was higher in WD rats. Collectively, our data suggest that the hypertension induced by a short exposure to high salt intake closely resembles a neurogenic mechanism, but not a blood volume‐dependent mechanism, with cumulative [Na+] in the cerebrospinal fluid that could be associated with changes in the neurochemistry of autonomic nuclei, which are highly susceptible to osmotic stress related to high salt consumption.
Acoustic Black Holes in a Spinning Beam
Authors: Wang Yuhang , Cheng Li , Du Jingtao , Liu Yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Through creating slow waves in structures, Acoustic Black Hole (ABH) shows promise for potential vibration control applications. However, it remains unclear whether such phenomena can still occur in a structure undergoing high-speed spinning, and if so, what is the interplay among various system parameters and what are the underpinning physical mechanisms. To address this issue, this work establishes a semi-analytical model for a spinning ABH beam based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory under the energy framework. After its validation, the model is used to reveal a few important vibration features pertinent to the spinning ABH beam through examining its dynamics, modal properties and energy flow. It is shown that the spinning-induced centrifugal effects generate hardening effects inside the structure, thus increasing the overall structural stiffness and stretching the wavelength of the modal deformation of flexural waves as compared with its counterpart at still. Meanwhile, energy flow to the ABH portion of the beam is also adversely affected. As a result, the ABH-induced overall damping enhancement effect of the viscoelastic coating, as observed in conventional ABH beam at still, is impaired. Nevertheless, the study confirms that typical ABH features, in terms of wave compression, energy trapping and dissipation, though affected by the spinning effects, are still persistent in a high-speed spinning structure. This paves the way forward for the embodiment of ABH phenomena in the design of high performance rotating mechanical components such as turbine blades.
Training Load and Acute Performance Decrements Following Different Training Sessions
Authors: Vermeire Kobe M. , Caen Kevin , Bourgois Jan G. , Boone Jan 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To examine the differences in training load (TL) metrics when quantifying training sessions differing in intensity and duration. The relationship between the TL metrics and the acute performance decrement measured immediately after the sessions was also assessed. Methods: Eleven male recreational cyclists performed 4 training sessions in a random order, immediately followed by a 3-km time trial (TT). Before this period, participants performed the time TT in order to obtain a baseline performance. The difference in the average power output for the TTs following the training sessions was then expressed relative to the best baseline performance. The training sessions were quantified using 7 different TL metrics, 4 using heart rate as input, 2 using power output, and 1 using the rating of perceived exertion. Results: The load of the sessions was estimated differently depending on the TL metrics used. Also, within the metrics using the same input (heart rate and power), differences were found. TL using the rating of perceived exertion was the only metric showing a response that was consistent with the acute performance decrements found for the different training sessions. The Training Stress Score and the individualized training impulse demonstrated similar patterns but overexpressed the intensity of the training sessions. The total work done resulted in an overrepresentation of the duration of training. Conclusion: TL metrics provide dissimilar results as to which training sessions have higher loads. The load based on TL using the rating of perceived exertion was the only one in line with the acute performance decrements found in this study.
Mental Fatigue Uniquely Influences Drop Landing Biomechanics for Individuals With a Concussion History
Authors: Shumski Eric J. , Kasamatsu Tricia M. , Wilson Kathleen S. , Pamukoff Derek N. 
Published: January 2023

Context: Induced mental fatigue negatively impacts sport performance and neurocognition. However, it is unclear how induced mental fatigue influences landing biomechanics. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of mental fatigue on drop landing biomechanics in individuals with and without a concussion history. Design: Crossover design. Methods: Forty-eight (24 per group) recreationally active individuals were matched on age (±3 y), sex, and body mass index (±1 kg/m2). All participants completed an experimental (30-min Stroop task) and control (30-min reading magazines) intervention on separate days separated by a minimum of 24 hours. Drop landings were performed before and after both interventions. Outcomes included peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), vertical loading rate (VLR), knee flexion angle, knee abduction angle, external knee flexion moment, external knee abduction moment, and initial ground contact knee flexion and knee abduction angles. Separate 2 (group) × 2 (intervention) between-within analyses of covariance compared drop landing outcomes. Each group’s average pre-Stroop and premagazine outcomes were covariates. Results: There was a significant interaction for vGRF (P = .033, ) and VLR (P = .0497, ). The vGRF simple effects were not statistically significantly (P range = .052–.325). However, individuals with a concussion history displayed a medium effect size for greater vGRF post-Stroop compared with their own postmagazine vGRF (mean difference (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.163 (–0.002 to 0.327) bodyweight (BW), p =.052, . In contrast, the control group displayed a small effect size (mean difference [95% CI] = 0.095 [–0.069 to 0.259] BW, p =.251, ). Individuals with a concussion history displayed greater VLR post-Stroop compared with controls (mean difference [95% CI], 26.29 [6.19 to 46.40] BW/s, P = .012, ) and their own postmagazine values (mean difference [95% CI] = 32.61 [7.80 to 57.42] BW/s, p =.011, ). Conclusion: Mental fatigue leads to greater VLR for individuals with a concussion history. Athletic competition and activities of daily living can increase mental fatigue. Training programs may seek to teach mental fatigue reducing strategies to athletes with a concussion history.
Generation of novel oncolytic vaccinia virus with improved intravenous efficacy through protection against complement-mediated lysis and evasion of neutralization by vaccinia virus-specific antibodies
Authors: Lee Namhee , Jeon Yun-Hui , Yoo Jiyoon , Shin Suk-kyung , Lee Songyi , Park Mi-Ju , Jung Byung-Jin , Hong Yun-Kyoung , Lee Dong-Sup , Oh Keunhee 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundOncolytic virus immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer immunotherapy by efficiently inducing both oncolysis and systemic immune activation. Locoregional administration has been used for oncolytic virus therapy, but its applications to deep-seated cancers have been limited. Although systemic delivery of the oncolytic virus would maximize viral immunotherapy’s potential, this remains a hurdle due to the rapid removal of the administered virus by the complement and innate immune system. Infected cells produce some vaccinia viruses as extracellular enveloped virions, which evade complement attack and achieve longer survival by expressing host complement regulatory proteins (CRPs) on the host-derived envelope. Here, we generated SJ-600 series oncolytic vaccinia viruses that can mimic complement-resistant extracellular enveloped virions by incorporating human CRP CD55 on the intracellular mature virion (IMV) membrane.MethodsThe N-terminus of the human CD55 protein was fused to the transmembrane domains of the six type I membrane proteins of the IMV; the resulting recombinant viruses were named SJ-600 series viruses. The SJ-600 series viruses also expressed human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to activate dendritic cells. The viral thymidine kinase (J2R) gene was replaced by genes encoding the CD55 fusion proteins and GM-CSF.ResultsSJ-600 series viruses expressing human CD55 on the IMV membrane showed resistance to serum virus neutralization. SJ-607 virus, which showed the highest CD55 expression and the highest resistance to serum complement-mediated lysis, exhibited superior anticancer activity in three human cancer xenograft models, compared with the control Pexa-Vec (JX-594) virus, after single-dose intravenous administration. The SJ-607 virus administration elicited neutralizing antibody formation in two immunocompetent mouse strains like the control JX-594 virus. Remarkably, we found that the SJ-607 virus evades neutralization by vaccinia virus-specific antibodies.ConclusionOur new oncolytic vaccinia virus platform, which expresses human CD55 protein on its membrane, prolonged viral survival by protecting against complement-mediated lysis and by evading neutralization by vaccinia virus-specific antibodies; this may provide a continuous antitumor efficacy until a complete remission has been achieved. Such a platform may expand the target cancer profile to include deep-seated cancers and widespread metastatic cancers.
Urinary markers differentially associate with kidney inflammatory activity and chronicity measures in patients with lupus nephritis
Authors: Akhgar Ahmad , Sinibaldi Dominic , Zeng Lingmin , Farris Alton B , Cobb Jason , Battle Monica , Chain David , Cann Jennifer A , Illei Gábor G , Lim S Sam , White Wendy I 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveLupus nephritis (LN) is diagnosed by biopsy, but longitudinal monitoring assessment methods are needed. Here, in this preliminary and hypothesis-generating study, we evaluate the potential for using urine proteomics as a non-invasive method to monitor disease activity and damage. Urinary biomarkers were identified and used to develop two novel algorithms that were used to predict LN activity and chronicity.MethodsBaseline urine samples were collected for four cohorts (healthy donors (HDs, n=18), LN (n=42), SLE (n=17) or non-LN kidney disease biopsy control (n=9)), and over 1 year for patients with LN (n=42). Baseline kidney biopsies were available for the LN (n=46) and biopsy control groups (n=9). High-throughput proteomics platforms were used to identify urinary analytes ≥1.5 SD from HD means, which were subjected to stepwise, univariate and multivariate logistic regression modelling to develop predictive algorithms for National Institutes of Health Activity Index (NIH-AI)/National Institutes of Health Chronicity Index (NIH-CI) scores. Kidney biopsies were analysed for macrophage and neutrophil markers using immunohistochemistry (IHC).ResultsIn total, 112 urine analytes were identified from LN, SLE and biopsy control patients as both quantifiable and overexpressed compared with HDs. Regression analysis identified proteins associated with the NIH-AI (n=30) and NIH-CI (n=26), with four analytes common to both groups, demonstrating a difference in the mechanisms associated with NIH-AI and NIH-CI. Pathway analysis of the NIH-AI and NIH-CI analytes identified granulocyte-associated and macrophage-associated pathways, and the presence of these cells was confirmed by IHC in kidney biopsies. Four markers each for the NIH-AI and NIH-CI were identified and used in the predictive algorithms. The NIH-AI algorithm sensitivity and specificity were both 93% with a false-positive rate (FPR) of 7%. The NIH-CI algorithm sensitivity was 88%, specificity 96% and FPR 4%. The accuracy for both models was 93%.ConclusionsLongitudinal predictions suggested that patients with baseline NIH-AI scores of ≥8 were most sensitive to improvement over 6–12 months. Viable approaches such as this may enable the use of urine samples to monitor LN over time.
Unveiled materials and techniques in wall paintings hidden for centuries in the church of San Francesco del Prato (Parma, Italy)
Authors: Fornasini Laura , Raneri Simona , Legnaioli Stefano , Palleschi Vincenzo , Casoli Antonella , Simeti Silvia , Bersani Danilo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe church of San Francesco del Prato in Parma (Italy) is a masterpiece of the Gothic style, dated back to the 13th century. However, its historical and monumental value could not be appreciated for a long time, especially due to the transformation of the building into a city jail. The recent restoration works brought back to light valuable frescos and wall paintings belonging to different periods. An in situ campaign was performed on the 15th-century wall paintings adorning the vault and the walls in the church apse, by using mobile Raman and X-ray fluorescence equipment. The characterization of the art pieces was further carried out with micro-Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses. Overall, a quick and thorough identification of the colours palette of the wall paintings was successfully obtained through the in situ measurements. Laboratory analyses corroborated the understanding of the techniques through the identification of pigments and binders. In addition, micro-Raman analyses highlighted the presence of degradation products. Interestingly, a pigment hierarchy has been noted in relation to the painted contents, enhancing the preciousness of holy figures and their distinctive details.
Estimating the Number of Men Living with Metastatic Prostate Cancer in the United States
Authors: Devasia Theresa P. , Mariotto Angela B. , Nyame Yaw A. , Etzioni Ruth 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background:
Metastatic prostate cancer (MPC) includes metastases detected at diagnosis (de novo) and those occurring after diagnosis with early-stage disease (recurrent). Cancer registries collect data only on de novo MPC, providing a partial picture of the burden of MPC. We use cancer registry data to estimate the number of men living with MPC in the United States including both de novo and recurrent cases.

Methods:
We apply a back-calculation method to estimate MPC incidence and prevalence from U.S. prostate cancer mortality and de novo MPC relative survival for cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2017 in 18 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries. We hold overall prostate cancer mortality and MPC survival constant for future prevalence projections.

Results:
On January 1, 2018, we estimated 120,400 U.S. men living with MPC (45% de novo, 55% recurrent). The age-adjusted prevalence in 2018 for Black men was over double that of White men (137.1 vs. 62.2 per 100,000 men). By 2030, 192,500 men are expected to be living with MPC, with the increase being driven by population growth projections.

Conclusions:
The number of men living with MPC in the United States exceeds 100,000 and represents a small fraction of the &gt;3 million men living with a prior diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Impact:
Relatively similar fractions of de novo and recurrent MPC among prevalent cases highlight opportunities for management of localized disease in reducing the MPC burden. Changes in diagnostic technologies could lead to greater growth in MPC cases in the United States than projected.
See related commentary by Stopsack et al., p. 585
Theologies of Illness, Now and Then: Reading Psalm 6 in Light of Personalistic Medicine Systems
Authors: Van De Wiele Tarah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This essay offers a reading of Psalm 6 and of its theology of illness that aims to be both faithful to the text and helpful to readers that use the psalm in faith settings. It identifies one’s underlying assumptions about the nature of illness as a major interpretive issue and contends that modern interpreters have been unnecessarily influenced by naturalistic medicine systems in their understanding of this psalm. It is the major claim of this essay that a theological reading that remains faithful to the text of Psalm 6 is possible when the reader adopts the perception of illness held by personalistic medicine systems.