bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A deficiency screen of the 3rd chromosome for dominant modifiers of the Drosophila ER integral membrane protein, Jagunal
Authors: Ascencio Gerson , de Cruz Matthew A , Abuel Judy , Alvarado Sydney , Arriaga Yuma , Conrad Emily , Castro Alonso , Eichelberger Katharine , Galvan Laura , Gundy Grace , Garcia Jorge Alberto Inojoza , Jimenez Alyssa , Lu Nhien Tuyet , Lugar Catharine , Marania Ronald , Mendsaikhan Tserendavaa , Ortega Jose , Nand Natasha , Rodrigues Nicole S , Shabazz Khayla , Tam Cynnie , Valenciano Emmanuel , Hayzelden Clive , Eritano Anthony S , Riggs Blake 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The mechanism surrounding chromosome inheritance during cell division has been well documented, however, organelle inheritance during mitosis is less understood. Recently, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been shown to reorganize during mitosis, dividing asymmetrically in proneuronal cells prior to cell fate selection, indicating a programmed mechanism of inheritance. ER asymmetric partitioning in proneural cells relies on the highly conserved ER integral membrane protein, Jagunal (Jagn). Knockdown of Jagn in the compound Drosophila eye displays a pleotropic rough eye phenotype in 48% of the progeny. To identify genes involved in Jagn dependent ER partitioning pathway, we performed a dominant modifier screen of the 3rd chromosome for enhancers and suppressors of this Jagn-RNAi-induced rough eye phenotype. We screened through 181 deficiency lines covering the 3L and 3R chromosomes and identified 12 suppressors and 10 enhancers of the Jagn-RNAi phenotype. Based on the functions of the genes covered by the deficiencies, we identified genes that displayed a suppression or enhancement of the Jagn-RNAi phenotype. These include Division Abnormally Delayed (Dally), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, the γ-secretase subunit Presenilin, and the ER resident protein Sec63. Based on our understanding of the function of these targets, there is a connection between Jagn and the Notch signaling pathway. Further studies will elucidate the role of Jagn and identified interactors within the mechanisms of ER partitioning during mitosis.
The trouble with triples: Examining the impact of measurement error in mediation analysis
Authors: Gastonguay Madeleine S , Keele Gregory R , Churchill Gary A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mediation analysis is used in genetic mapping studies to identify candidate gene mediators of quantitative trait loci (QTL). We consider genetic mediation analysis of triplets—sets of three variables consisting of a target trait, the genotype at a QTL for the target trait, and a candidate mediator that is the abundance of a transcript or protein whose coding gene co-locates with the QTL. We show that, in the presence of measurement error, mediation analysis can infer partial mediation even in the absence of a causal relationship between the candidate mediator and the target. We describe a measurement error model and a corresponding latent variable model with estimable parameters that are combinations of the causal effects and measurement errors across all three variables. The relative magnitudes of the latent variable correlations determine whether or not mediation analysis will tend to infer the correct causal relationship in large samples. We examine case studies that illustrate the common failure modes of genetic mediation analysis and demonstrate how to evaluate the effects of measurement error. While genetic mediation analysis is a powerful tool for identifying candidate genes, we recommend caution when interpreting mediation analysis findings.
‘I doe not find him, howsoever our great Enemy, to have deserved such an end’: Reactions to the Assassination of Albrecht von Wallenstein, c.1634–1700
Authors: Pert Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Albrecht von Wallenstein was one of the most colourful and controversial figures of the Thirty Years War, and his dismissal by the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II and eventual assassination was one of the most talked about events of the conflict. This article examines how the downfall of the imperial generalissimo and massacre of his subordinate officers at Eger, in Bohemia, were viewed and reported across Europe at various pro- and anti-Habsburg courts. In addition to assessing how Wallenstein’s demise was discussed in diplomatic circles, the article addresses how the events at Eger were portrayed in newsprint published in the German states as well as further afield in Sweden, England and the Italian states. An examination of political and private correspondence, as well as a comparison of news publications from across the continent, provides valuable insight into how information and intelligence were collected and disseminated throughout early modern Europe. By examining the depiction of Wallenstein’s downfall in the arts, such as poetry and stage plays in various European cities in the immediate aftermath of the assassination and in the mid- and later 1630s, it is also possible to determine what information had been received in different locations at different times. The final section of the article addresses how Wallenstein’s reputation had changed by the end of the seventeenth century, with the result that he was almost universally regarded as a notorious rebel and would-be regicide.
‘The Chronicle Must Tell How It Once Was’: Commercial Sex and Pimping in the Chronicle of Hamburg’s Postwar Vice Police
Authors: Martin Annalisa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To ‘pass on a bit of recent history’, members of Hamburg’s vice police, or Sitte, gradually assembled a six-volume chronicle covering the period 1945 to 1982. The authors documented promotions, retirements, joint trips and work parties, but they also recorded the work of the department, illustrated through case notes and commentary on pimping, prostitution, pornography, drug use, paedophilia and incest. This article examines the treatment and depiction of commercial sex and pimping from the 1950s into the early 1980s. Central here is an investigation of the portrayals of ‘pimp’ violence towards women who sold sex, viewed alongside allusions to and evidence of police violence. A further focus is the presentation of and relationship with women who sold sex in Hamburg, with particular reference to police commentary regarding their race, sexuality and gender identity. The article also explores descriptions in the chronicle of so-called ‘transvestite’ prostitution. The authors of the chronicle repeatedly allude to sexual liberalization in West German society at large. Their entries are crafted with a reader in mind as they relate the actions of officers and subjects to changing views on sexuality. This article thus also analyses police engagement with processes of sexual liberalization and the implications for the role of the vice police in West Germany.
Resiliency Among Women’s Health Initiative Women Aged 80 and Older by Race, Ethnicity, and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Krok-Schoen Jessica L , Naughton Michelle J , Felix Ashley S , Wiley Cené Crystal , Springfield Sparkle , Yu Mengda , McLaughlin Eric M , Shadyab Aladdin H , Nolan Timiya S , Kroenke Candyce H , Garcia Lorena , Follis Shawna , Jackson Rebecca D 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
A comprehensive examination of resilience by race, ethnicity, and neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) among women aged ≥80 is needed, given the aging of the U.S. population, increasing longevity, and growing racial and ethnic diversity.

Methods
Participants were women aged ≥80 enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative. Resilience was assessed with a modified version of the Brief Resilience Scale. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression examined the association of demographic, health, and psychosocial variables with resilience by race, ethnicity, and NSES.

Results
Participants (n = 29,367, median age = 84.3) were White (91.4%), Black (3.7%), Hispanic (1.9%), and Asian (1.7%) women. There were no significant differences by race and ethnicity on mean resiliency scores (p = .06). Significant differences by NSES were observed regarding mean resiliency scores between those with low NSES (3.94 ± 0.83, out of 5) and high NSES (4.00 ± 0.81). Older age, higher education, higher self-rated health, lower stress, and living alone were significant positive correlates of resilience in the sample. Social support was correlated with resilience among White, Black, and Asian women, but not for Hispanic women. Depression was a significant correlate of lower resilience, except among Asian women. Living alone, smoking, and spirituality were significantly associated with higher resilience among women with moderate NSES.

Discussion
Multiple factors were associated with resilience among women aged ≥80 in the Women’s Health Initiative. Despite some differing correlates of resilience by race, ethnicity, and NSES, there were many similarities. These results may aid in the design of resilience interventions for the growing, increasingly diverse population of older women.
Proportionality Defenses in FRAND Cases: a Comparative Assessment of the Revised German Patent Injunction Rules and U.S. Case Law
Authors: Picht Peter Georg , Contreras Jorge L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In August 2021, the ‘Second Act for the Modernization of Patent Law’ (Zweites Patentrechtsmoderni-sierungsgesetz) introduced an explicit proportionality defense into Sec. 139(1) German Patent Act. Unlike the competition law or national contract law prong of the Huawei defense in FRAND cases, the proportionality defense thus derives from the GPA itself. The new provision has already generated much debate and some initial case law. According to public knowledge, however, it has not yet been raised in a German FRAND case, although it seems inevitable that this will happen. Hence, this article offers to market participants and the judiciary a proposed analytical framework for considering such a proportionality defense in German FRAND cases. For this purpose, it undertakes a comparative assessment of U.S. patent injunction law. As to German law, the focus is on whether the proportionality defense and the FRAND license defense can be raised in parallel, whether FRAND royalties are a suitable basis for calculating an appropriate financial compensation under Sec. 139(1)(4) and how a court should assess whether the impact of an injunction in a FRAND case triggers the proportionality defense.
The Emperor Has No Clothes: How the Press Publishers’ Right Implementation Exposes Its Shortcomings
Authors: Furgał Ula 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the implementation of the press publishers’ right introduced by Art. 15 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (CDSM). It analyses Member States’ transpositions through the lens of the legislative intent of the EU legislator, who aimed to strengthen the press publishers’ bargaining position towards digital intermediates while preserving users’ freedom to share information online. The article argues that the implementation process further exposes the shortcomings of the press publishers’ right and its unfitness to deliver the goals set. The negotiation basis that the right provides is neither clear, nor capable of correcting bargaining imbalances, as it is unable to force relevant platforms to the negotiation table. The extension of the scope of the press publishers’ right to social media is questionable, as it inherently influences users’ freedoms. The article cautions against the implementation of the press publishers’ right in a way that mimics the solutions endorsed in the competition law-based bargaining codes with the excess of implementation freedoms provided by the CDSM Directive.
Protecting children and young people from contemporary marketing for gambling
Authors: Thomas Samantha , van Schalkwyk May C I , Daube Mike , Pitt Hannah , McGee Darragh , McKee Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAround the world, children are being exposed to intensive marketing for gambling products. This normalizes perceptions that gambling is essentially a harmless form of entertainment, despite mounting evidence of the harms it causes. Young people and their parents are supportive of strategies to protect children from being exposed to gambling marketing. Yet existing regulatory efforts are inconsistent and inadequate, and have not protected children from exposure to the many forms of marketing now being developed and exploited by the gambling industry. We outline existing knowledge about strategies used by the gambling industry to market its products, with a specific focus on the potential impact of gambling marketing on young people. We provide a definition of gambling marketing and outline the different forms of promotion that are currently used to market gambling, current regulatory responses, and the impact of marketing on children and young people. We then argue that a comprehensive public health approach to gambling is urgently required, which must include effective action to limit the influence of marketing for gambling products, while recognizing that it is never possible to insulate children entirely from their reach.
Characterizing asset-based studies in public health: development of a framework
Authors: Martin-Kerry Jacqueline , McLean Jennifer , Hopkins Trevor , Morgan Antony , Dunn Laurie , Walton Robert , Golder Su , Allison Tim , Cooper Des , Wohland Pia , Prady Stephanie L 
Published: March 2023

SummaryAsset-based approaches are becoming more common within public health interventions; however, due to variations in terminology, it can be difficult to identify asset-based approaches. The study aimed to develop and test a framework that could distinguish between asset-based and deficit-based community studies, whilst acknowledging there is a continuum of approaches. Literature about asset-based and deficit-based approaches were reviewed and a framework was developed based on the Theory of Change model. A scoring system was developed for each of the five elements in the framework based on this model. Measurement of community engagement was built in, and a way of capturing how much the study involved an asset approach. The framework was tested on 13 studies examining community-based interventions to investigate whether it could characterize asset-based versus deficit-based studies. The framework demonstrated how much the principles underpinning asset-based approaches were present and distinguished between studies where the approach was deficit-based to those that had some elements of an asset-based approach. This framework is useful for researchers and policymakers when determining how much of an intervention is asset-based and identifying which elements of asset-based approaches lead to an intervention working.
Children’s intervention participation is associated with more positive beliefs towards active school transportation among parents
Authors: Forsberg Hanna , Rutberg Stina , Nyberg Lars , Lindqvist Anna-Karin 
Published: March 2023

SummaryInsufficient physical activity among children is a critical issue and health promoting initiatives are required to reverse this trend. In response to the current situation, a school-based intervention aiming to increase physical activity with the aid of active school transportation (AST) was implemented in one municipality in northern Sweden. By adopting the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior, we aimed to analyse beliefs among parents whose children were or were not involved in the AST intervention. All municipality schools were included. There were 1024 responses from parents, comprising 610 who responded either ‘yes’ or ‘no’ to participating in the intervention. An adjusted linear regression analysis showed that children’s intervention participation was significantly associated with more positive beliefs towards AST among parents. These results indicates that it is possible to influence beliefs that are important in the parental decision-making process by the use of an AST intervention. Therefore, to make children’s active transport to school the more favorable choice for parents, it seems to be worthwhile to not only give children the opportunity to participate but also to involve parents and address their beliefs when designing interventions.
Competing Views of Word Meaning: Word Embeddings and Word Senses
Authors: Grefenstette Gregory , Hanks Patrick 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
At least since the invention of writing, people have been troubled by the problem of what a word means. Dictionaries have traditionally been written with numbered word senses, giving the impression that the different senses of a word are fixed abstract entities, which can be used to separate usages into neat piles according to their different meanings. Adam Kilgarriff’s daring 1997 article ‘I Don’t Believe in Word Senses’ challenged this traditional view of word meaning, presenting an account in which ‘the basic units are occurrences of the word in context’. Kilgarriff went on to develop the Sketch Engine, a statistical tool that enables lexicographers and NLP researchers, teachers, and students to explore the relationship between meanings and collocations (words and their contexts). In this review article, we compare the information provided by Kilgarriff’s Word Sketches with the recently developed Word Embedding techniques and with the results of Corpus Pattern Analysis.
A case study on the design and development of solar food cooking system with a PCM as a heat storage unit
Authors: Pawar Usha , Bhole Kiran S , Oza Ankit , Panchal Hitesh , Shah Mohd Asif , Jaber Mustafa Musa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study presents the design and fabrication of an urban solar food cooking system with a phase change material (PCM) as a heat storage tank. The effort has been taken to test the system experimentally and explore its thermal performance under actual climatic conditions of Mumbai, India. The solar heat energy is stored in the tank using commercial-grade erythritol as PCM in current research work. A heat exchanger is well designed and fabricated to regulate the flow of solar heat energy from the storage tank to the cooking vessel, similar to the domestic liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cooking system. This solar cooker is designed to cook food twice a day for four family members (equivalent to an energy of 5000 KJ). Cooking experiments were conducted on 19 April 2019 for the afternoon and evening slots with rice and potato as cooking loads, respectively. The time taken for cooking rice and potato are from 12:30 pm to 12:52 pm (22 minute) and from 05:30 pm to 05:59 pm (29 minutes), respectively. The heat transfer rate was also observed at different storage tanks and cooking unit points. The experiments show cooking is possible twice a day and considered as convenient as domestic LPG stoves. Furthermore, it was found that comparatively less time was required for cooking food than other existing solar cookers.
Preparation and properties of TiO2 photocatalytic self—cleaning coating material for glass
Authors: Yang Mengdi , Liu Guangyan , Zhao Wei , Meng Fanbin , Lao Youliang , Liang Yi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The balance of light transmittance, durability and self-cleaning performance of the coating film is the main reason that hinders the wide application of photocatalytic self-cleaning coating on building exterior glass. In this article, TiO2 powder was prepared with different concentrations of tetrabutyl titanate, hydrochloric acid and ethanol; and following with compounded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and waterborne polyurethane as adhesives; the mixed composite coating was loaded on the glass surface by spraying method to obtain superhydrophilic glass with self-cleaning properties. The physical and chemical properties of TiO2 composite films were characterized and tested by diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, optical contact angle measuring instrument and photocatalytic testing system. The results showed that the X-ray diffractometer analysis of the powder obtained with different alcohol-ester ratios showed that the crystal synthesis was successful, and the grain size conformed to the nanometer standard. TiO2 dispersion with a concentration of 0.08 g/L, after 30 min of irradiation with an ultraviolet (UV) lamp, the methyl orange added dropwise in the solution can be completely degraded. With the increase of TiO2 concentration, the photocatalytic efficiency increased rapidly, the contact angle decreased, when the TiO2 concentration reached 0.3% and 3% binder compounding, the surface of the composite coating film was still smooth at the nanometer level, the visible light transmittance was between 86.95 and 88.89%, and the contact angle was reduced from the initial 46.49 to 14.89° after 2 h of UV illumination. After 5 repeated degradation experiments and outdoor 180-d standing test, the composite coating film has recyclability and good durability. Therefore, TiO2 composite coating prepared by this method has a wide application prospect in the daily cleaning and subsequent maintenance of building glass.
Reconciling trust and control in the military use of artificial intelligence
Authors: McFarland Tim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In regulating military applications of artificial intelligence (AI), the relationship between humans and the AI systems they operate is of central importance. AI developers commonly frame the desired human–AI relationship in terms of ‘trust’, aiming to make AI systems sufficiently ‘trustworthy’ for the task at hand and foster appropriate levels of human ‘trust’ in complex, often inscrutable, AI systems. Meanwhile, in legal and ethical discussions, the challenge is generally framed as ensuring that humans retain ‘control’ over AI such that responsible operators can reliably guide the behaviour of AI systems as required by legal and other norms. Surprisingly, few have asked whether the paradigms of ‘trust’ and ‘control’ are guiding development of the human–AI relationship in the same direction. This paper outlines the nature of trust and control as they relate to regulation of the human–AI relationship and surveys some challenges which arise in regulating the military uptake of AI systems.
The Mass of the Static Extension of Small Spheres
Authors: Harvie Brian , Wang Ye-Kai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We give a simple proof to the computation of ADM mass of the static extensions of small spheres in Wiygul [13, 14]. It makes use of the mass formula $m = \frac {1}{4\pi } \int _{\partial M} \frac {\partial V}{\partial \nu }$ for an asymptotically flat static manifold with boundary.
Whipworm Infection in Mice Increases Coinfection of Enteric Pathogens but Promotes Clearance of Ascaris Larvae From the Lungs
Authors: Polakovicova Nina , Adji Antonia Vania , Myhill Laura J , Williams Andrew R 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Infection with intestinal whipworms (Trichuris spp.) causes widespread morbidity and may alter responses to enteric and extraintestinal coinfections. Here, we show that Trichuris muris infection in mice increases coinfection with 2 evolutionary divergent enteric pathogens, the bacterium Citrobacter rodentium and the helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Coinfection caused reduced weight gain and promoted type 1–biased inflammation. In contrast, T. muris–infected mice were more resistant to migrating Ascaris suum larvae in the lungs. Our results highlight the divergent nature of pathogen interactions and suggest that whipworm infection is a risk factor for coinfections with other pathogens within the gastrointestinal tract.