bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perindopril Reduce SARS-COV-2 Spike-ACE2 Binding, ACE2 Overexpression and Cytokine Storm in Adipocyte Cell Infected with SARS-COV-2
Authors: Makhyan Jibril Al Farabi M J , Hanestya Oky Hermawan H O , Primasitha Maharani Harsoyo P M H , Stavros George Drakos S G D , I Gde Rurus Suryawan I G R , Meity Ardiana M A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Ristekdikti

Background and Aims
The SARS-CoV-2 virus can infect adipocyte cells via ACE2 Receptor thus triggering ACE2 overexpression and cytokine storms which cause lethal complications. Hence, we explore the effect of Perindopril on the expression of ACE2, IL-6, IL-1B TNF-α in adipocyte cultures infected by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and identify the possible mechanism involved.

Materials and Methods
Adipocyte culture obtained from a healthy and obese donor was divided into 4 triplicate groups (P0: negative control without treatment; P1: positive control (SARS-CoV-2 spike protein); P2: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein + exposure to Perindopril 0.5 µM); P3: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein + anti-ACE2 antibody 100 µg/mL; and evaluated at 24 and 48 hours. ACE2 expression was evaluated using immunofluorescence. IL-6, TNFα, and IL-1B were evaluated using ELISA. SARS-COV-2 Spike-ACE2 Binding was evaluated using Competitive ELISA. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software.

Results
At first 24 hours of incubation, perindopril treatment has the highest ACE2 expression compared to negative control, positive control and anti-ACE2 antibody (113.52±0.34 ng/mL vs 13.3±0.87 ng/mL, 90.2±2.73 ng/mL, 17.3±0.11 ng/mL, p&lt;0.01), lower ACE-ACE2R binding compared to anti-ACE2 antibody group (169.52±4.07 ng/mL vs 290.71±6.22 ng/mL, p&lt;0.01) and higher IL-6 expression compared to positive control group (64.65±0.12 ng/mL vs 60.08±0.77 ng/mL p&lt;0.01). Interestingly, after 48 hours, perindopril treatment was shown to prevent further increase of ACE2 expression compared to a positive control (47.37±0.76 ng/mL vs 80.31±5.37 ng/mL, p&lt;0.01), higher SARS-COV-2 Spike-ACE2 binding compared to anti-ACE2 antibody group (143.68±3.68 ng/mL vs 103.1±9.49 ng/mL, p&lt;0.01), and lower IL-6 expression compared to the positive control group (42.66±1.94 ng/mL vs 90.93±2.48 ng/mL p&lt;0.01). However, no significant difference in TNFα and IL-1B expression between perindopril treatment and positive control in both 24 and 48 hours.

Conclusion
This study showed that perindopril reduces cytokine storm by preventing ACE-2 and IL-6 overexpression via an increasing number of SARS-COV-2 Spike-ACE2 competitive binding in adipocyte culture infected with SARS-COV-2 spike protein. A further clinical trial is needed to prove the benefit of perindopril in obese patients with COVID-19.
Global burden of metabolic diseases: data from Global Burden of Disease 2000-2019. A cosortium of metabolic disease
Authors: Chew N , Ng C H , Tan D , Kong G , Lin C X , Chin Y H , Foo R , Chan M , Muthiah M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
The growing prevalence of metabolic diseases is a major concern. We sought to examine the global trends and mortality of metabolic diseases using estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.

Methods
Global estimates of prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life year (DALYs) from 2000-2019 were examined for metabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM], hypertension, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]). For metabolic risk factors (hyperlipidemia and obesity), estimates were limited to mortality and DALYs. Death rates was compared across sex, World Health Organisation regions and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles. Age-standardised prevalence and death rates were presented per 100,000 population with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI).

Findings
From 2000 to 2019, prevalence rates increased for all metabolic diseases, with the most pronounced increase in high SDI countries. In 2019, the mean (95%UI) age-standardised prevalence per 100,000 population was estimated to be 15,023 (13,493-16,764) for NAFLD, 5,283 (4,864–5,720) for T2DM and 234 (171-313) for hypertension. The highest age-standardised death rates were observed in obesity (62·59 [39·92-89·13]; males, 66·55 [39·76-97·21]; females. 58·14 [38·53-81·39]), followed by hyperlipidemia (56·51 [41·83-73·62]; males, 67·33 [50·78-86·43]; females, 46·50 [32·70-62·38]), T2DM (18·49 [17·18-19·66], males, 67·33 [50·78-86·43]; females, 46·50 [32·70-62·38]), hypertension (15·16 [11·20-16·75]; males, 14·95 [10·32-16·75]; females, 15·05 [11·51-17·09]) and NAFLD (2·09 [1·61-2·60]; males, 2·38 [1·82-3·02]; females, 1·82 [1·41-2·27]). Mortality rates decreased over time in hyperlipidemia (-154%), hypertension (-52%) and NAFLD (-52%), but not in T2DM and obesity. The highest mortality for metabolic diseases was found in Eastern Mediterranean, and low to low-middle SDI countries.

Conclusion
The global prevalence of metabolic diseases has risen over the past two decades regardless of SDI. Attention is needed to address the unchanging mortality rates attributed to metabolic disease and the regional, socioeconomic, and sex disparities in mortality from metabolic disease.
The use of evidence-based medical therapy in patients with critical limb-threatening ischaemia
Authors: Bager Lucas Grove Vejlstrup , Petersen Jeppe Kofoed , Havers-Borgersen Eva , Resch Timothy , Smolderen Kim G , Mena-Hurtado Carlos , Eiberg Jonas , Køber Lars , Fosbøl Emil Loldrup 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Aims
To describe the practice patterns of evidence-based medical therapy (EBM) and overall mortality in high-risk patients with critical limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI), compared with patients with myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods and results
Using Danish registries, we identified patients 40–100 years of age with a first-time hospitalization for CLTI or MI from 2008–2018 and grouped them into CLTI, MI, and CLTI and history of MI (CLTI + MI). We examined the likelihood of filling prescriptions with EBM [i.e. antiplatelets (Aps), lipid-lowering agents (LLAs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi), or angiotensin II-receptor blockers (ARBs)] within 3 months after discharge among survivors. Further, we assessed the adjusted 3-year mortality rates. We included 92 845 patients: 14 941 with CLTI (54.7% male), 74 830 with MI (64.6% male) and 3,074 with CLTI + MI (65.2% male). Patients with CLTI and CLTI + MI were older and had more comorbidities than patients with MI. Compared with patients with MI, the unadjusted odds ratios of filling prescriptions were 0.15 [confidence interval (CI): 0.14–0.15] for AP, 0.26 (CI: 0.25–0.27) for LLA, and 0.71 (CI: 0.69–0.74) for ARB/ACEi in patients with CLTI, and 0.22 (CI: 0.20–0.24) for AP, 0.38 (CI: 0.35–0.42) for LLA, and 1.17 (CI: 1.08–1.27) for ARB/ACEi in patients with CLTI + MI. Adjusted analyses showed similar results. Compared with patients with MI, adjusted 3-year hazard ratios for mortality were 1.69 (CI: 1.64–1.74) in patients with CLTI and 1.60 (CI: 1.51–1.69) in patients with CLTI + MI.

Conclusion
Patients with CLTI were undertreated with EBM and carried a more adverse prognosis, as compared with patients with MI, despite similar guidelines.
GoatFADS2controlling fatty acid metabolism is directly regulated bySREBP1in mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Wu Jiao , Luo Jun , Xia Yingying , An Xuetong , Guo Peng , He Qiuya , Tian Huibin , Hu Qingyong , Li Cong , Wang Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGoat milk provides benefits to human health due to its richness in bioactive components, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) is the first rate-limiting enzyme in PUFAs biosynthesis. However, its role and transcriptional regulation mechanisms in fatty acid metabolism in dairy goat remain unclear. Here, our study revealed that the FADS2 gene was highly expressed during the peak lactation compared with the dry period, early lactation, and late lactation. The content of triacylglycerol (TAG) was enhanced with the increasing mRNA expression of TAG synthesis genes (diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1/2, DGAT1/2) in FADS2-overexpressed goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs). Overexpression of FADS2 was positively correlated with the elevated concentrations of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in GMECs. BODIPY staining showed that FADS2 promoted lipid droplet accumulation in GMECs. To clarify the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of FADS2, 2,226 bp length of FADS2 promoter was obtained. Deletion mutation assays revealed that the core region of FADS2 promoter was located between the −375 and −26 region, which contained SRE1 (−361/−351) and SRE2 (−191/−181) cis-acting elements of transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). Overexpression of SREBP1 enhanced relative luciferase activity of the single mutant of SRE1 or SRE2, vice versa, and failed to alter the relative luciferase activity of the joint mutant of SRE1 and SRE2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and site-directed mutation assays further demonstrated that SREBP1 regulated the transcription of the FADS2 gene by binding to SRE sites in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the mRNA levels of FADS2 were significantly decreased by targeting SRE1 and SRE2 sites in the genome via the CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system. These findings establish a direct role for FADS2 regulating TAG and fatty acid synthesis by SREBP1 transcriptional regulation in dairy goat, providing new insights into fatty acid metabolism in mammary gland of ruminants.
Breast Imaging Fellowship Consortium: Developing a Comprehensive Virtual Educational Platform for Breast Imaging Fellows
Authors: Wahab Rifat A , Patel Mitva , McLaughlin Carol , Kulkarni Kirti , Nair Bronwyn , Mullen Lisa , Vijapura Charmi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCreating a comprehensive didactic curriculum for breast imaging fellows can be a demanding undertaking, especially considering that most breast practices are understaffed because of the COVID-19 pandemic and amid rising clinical volumes. This leaves little time for didactic education. In this article, we present our approach to creating a collaborative weekly multidisciplinary didactic lecture series involving multiple institutions, using the Society of Breast Imaging’s suggested fellowship curriculum as the foundation. We discuss the advantages for both trainees and faculty, including fostering camaraderie, networking, and engagement among breast imaging fellows. Faculty have the opportunity for professional development by leveraging their clinical expertise through selecting didactic topics in their niche. This creates a pathway for speaking faculty to be recognized as regional and national experts.
Anatomic maps of erogenous sensation and pleasure in the penis: are there difference between circumcised and uncircumcised men?
Authors: Zaliznyak Michael , Isaacson Dylan , Duralde Erin , Gaither Thomas W , Naser-Tavakolian Aurash , Bresee Catherine , Stelmar Jenna , Yuan Nance , Topp Kimberly , Garcia Maurice M 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of male circumcision on sexual function remain controversial. Heterogeneity across previous studies and low-quality scientific evidence have resulted in poor understanding of the effects of circumcision on erogenous sensation of the penis and orgasm function.AimIn this study we sought to describe and assess differences in erogenous genital sensation and reported orgasm function in circumcised compared with uncircumcised men.MethodsAdult male subjects who were recruited on a paid anonymous online survey platform were shown illustrations of 12 anatomic regions of the penis. Subjects were prompted to designate regions as pleasurable when touched during partnered sex and to rate each on a 1-10 scale, with higher erogeneity scores correlating with greater pleasure. Subjects were also asked to characterize their orgasms across 6 experiential domains.OutcomesOutcomes were differences between circumcised and uncircumcised men in the probabilities that regions would be designated as pleasurable, average pleasure scores, and self-reported orgasm parameters.ResultsIn total, 227 circumcised (mean [SD] age 46.6 [17.7] years) and 175 uncircumcised men (47.8 [18.1] years) completed the survey. There were no significant differences in average ratings across all regions between circumcised and uncircumcised men. However, significantly more circumcised men reported preferences for the tip of the penis (38% vs 17%, P = .02) and the middle third of the ventral penile shaft (63% vs 48%, P = .04). Additionally, there were no significant differences in orgasm quality and function across all queried domains between circumcised and uncircumcised cohorts.Clinical implicationsOur findings suggest that circumcision does not change how men describe erogenous genital sensation or how they experience orgasm.Strengths and limitationsIn this study we expanded upon existing literature regarding comparison of sexual function in circumcised and uncircumcised men in its scale and investigation of diverse domains. Limitations include the survey format of data collection.ConclusionWe found no differences in reported erogenous ratings or orgasm function between circumcised and uncircumcised men. These findings suggest that male circumcision does not negatively impact penile erogeneity or orgasm function.
The critical role of nuclear heating rates, thermalization efficiencies, and opacities for kilonova modelling and parameter inference
Authors: Bulla Mattia 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We present an improved version of the 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code possis to model kilonovae from neutron star mergers, wherein nuclear heating rates, thermalization efficiencies, and wavelength-dependent opacities depend on local properties of the ejecta and time. Using an axially symmetric two-component ejecta model, we explore how simplistic assumptions on heating rates, thermalization efficiencies, and opacities often found in the literature affect kilonova spectra and light curves. Specifically, we compute five models: one (FIDUCIAL) with an appropriate treatment of these three quantities, one (SIMPLE-HEAT) with uniform heating rates throughout the ejecta, one (SIMPLE-THERM) with a constant and uniform thermalization efficiency, one (SIMPLE-OPAC) with grey opacities, and one (SIMPLE-ALL) with all these three simplistic assumptions combined. We find that deviations from the FIDUCIAL model are of several (∼1–10) magnitudes and are generally larger for the SIMPLE-OPAC and SIMPLE-ALL compared to the SIMPLE-THERM and SIMPLE-HEAT models. The discrepancies generally increase from a face-on to an edge-on view of the system, from early to late epochs and from infrared to ultraviolet/optical wavelengths. This work indicates that kilonova studies using either of these simplistic assumptions ought to be treated with caution and that appropriate systematic uncertainties ought to be added to kilonova light curves when performing inference on ejecta parameters.
Rheumatoid meningitis in a patient with overlap syndrome: The usefulness of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies determination in CSF
Authors: Lorenzo-Barreto Pablo , Roy-Ariño Garbiñe , Pérez-Trapote Fernando , Sáez-Marín Alberto , Stiauren-Fernández Erik S , Zarza-Sanz Beatriz , García Barragán Nuria , de la Puente-Bujidos Carlos , Buisán-Catevilla F Javier 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Rheumatoid meningitis (RM) is a rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis that can manifest as stroke-like episodes. We present the case of a 63-year-old woman with a past history of overlap syndrome and clinical manifestations suggestive of amyopathic dermatomyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. She presented to the emergency department with sudden onset right-sided clumsiness and numbness, as well as a 2-week history of left hemicranial headache. Laboratory workup revealed positive serum antinuclear antibodies, anti-Ro antibodies, anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA), and elevated rheumatoid factor. Lymphocytic pleocytosis, positive ACPA and anti-Ro antibodies with passive diffusion pattern, and negative microbiological studies were demonstrated in the CSF. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed predominant left fronto-parieto-occipital leptomeningeal and pachimeningeal enhancement. She was diagnosed with RM and received methylprednisolone IV mg/kg once daily. Stroke-like episodes in the setting of a patient with lymphocytic pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and meningeal enhancement should raise suspicion of RM. In this context, serum rheumatoid factor and ACPA levels should always be measured and ACPA should also be measured in CSF. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of RM in the context of an overlap syndrome. ACPA levels in CSF could be a relevant diagnostic clue in the setting of central nervous system disturbance and overlapping autoimmune conditions that include rheumatoid arthritis. In our case, the presence of a suggestive clinical scenario of RM reinforces the probable pathogenic role of ACPA when it is present in the central nervous system, even without intrathecal synthesis evidence.
Salt stress-induced chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide stimulates pdTPI sulfenylation and methylglyoxal accumulation
Authors: Fu Zheng-Wei , Feng Yu-Rui , Gao Xiang , Ding Feng , Li Jian-Hui , Yuan Ting-Ting , Lu Ying-Tang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
High salinity, an adverse environmental factor affecting about 20% of irrigated arable land worldwide, inhibits plant growth and development by causing oxidative stress, damaging cellular components, and disturbing global metabolism. However, whether and how reactive oxygen species disturb the metabolism of salt-stressed plants remain elusive. Here, we report that salt-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inhibits the activity of plastid triose phosphate isomerase (pdTPI) to promote methylglyoxal (MG) accumulation and stimulates the sulfenylation of pdTPI at cysteine 74. We also show that MG is a key factor limiting the plant growth, as a decrease in MG levels completely rescued the stunted growth and repressed salt stress tolerance of the pdtpi mutant. Furthermore, targeting CATALASE 2 into chloroplasts to prevent salt-induced overaccumulation of H2O2 conferred salt stress tolerance, revealing a role for chloroplastic H2O2 in salt-caused plant damage. In addition, we demonstrate that the H2O2-mediated accumulation of MG in turn induces H2O2 production, thus forming a regulatory loop that further inhibits the pdTPI activity in salt-stressed plants. Our findings, therefore, illustrate how salt stress induces MG production to inhibit the plant growth.
sarabande: 3/4 point correlation functions with fast Fourier transforms
Authors: Sunseri James , Slepian Zachary , Portillo Stephen , Hou Jiamin , Kahraman Sule , Finkbeiner Douglas P 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present a new python package sarabande for measuring 3- and 4-point correlation functions (3/4 PCFs) in $\mathcal {O} (N_{\mathrm{g}}\log N_{\mathrm{g}})$ time using fast Fourier transforms (FFTs), with Ng being the number of grid points used for the FFT. sarabande can measure both projected and full 3-point correlation function and 4-point correlation function on gridded two- and three-dimensional data sets. The general technique is to generate suitable angular basis functions on an underlying grid, radially bin these to create kernels, and convolve these kernels with the original gridded data to obtain expansion coefficients about every point simultaneously. These coefficients are then combined to give us the 3/4 PCF as expanded in our basis. We apply sarabande to simulations of the interstellar medium to show the results and scaling of calculating both the full and projected 3/4 PCFs.
Connectome-based predictive modeling of trait forgiveness
Authors: Li Jingyu , Qiu Jiang , Li Haijiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractForgiveness is a positive, prosocial manner of reacting to transgressions and is strongly associated with mental health and well-being. Despite recent studies exploring the neural mechanisms underlying forgiveness, a model capable of predicting trait forgiveness at the individual level has not been developed. Herein, we applied a machine-learning approach, connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), with whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) to predict individual differences in trait forgiveness in a training set (dataset 1, N = 100, 35 men, 17–24 years). As a result, CPM successfully predicted individual trait forgiveness based on whole-brain rsFC, especially via the functional connectivity of the limbic, prefrontal and temporal areas, which are key contributors to the prediction model comprising regions previously implicated in forgiveness. These regions include the retrosplenial cortex, temporal pole, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, precuneus and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex. Importantly, this predictive model could be successfully generalized to an independent sample (dataset 2, N = 71, 17 men, 16–25 years). These findings highlight the important roles of the limbic system, PFC and temporal region in trait forgiveness prediction and represent the initial steps toward establishing an individualized prediction model of forgiveness.
Insomnia symptoms and postoperative healthcare utilization in veterans undergoing decompressive laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Tighe Caitlan A , Bachrach Rachel L , Perera Subashan , Weiner Debra K 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectivesLumbar spinal stenosis is an age-related spine condition that contributes to pain and disability. Decompressive laminectomy (DL) is regularly performed to alleviate symptoms. Insomnia symptoms are common among people living with chronic pain and may affect key DL outcomes, such as healthcare utilization. We examined associations of insomnia symptom severity with post-DL healthcare utilization in veterans with lumbar spinal stenosis.MethodsVeterans (N = 200) with lumbar spinal stenosis undergoing DL were recruited into a prospective cohort study and self-reported insomnia symptom severity on the Insomnia Severity Index prior to DL. Post-DL, veterans reported on pain and non-pain-related monthly healthcare office visits, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and mental health visits for 1 year. Incident rate ratios (IRRs) obtained via negative binomial regression evaluated associations of insomnia symptom severity with healthcare utilization rates.ResultsApproximately 51% of participants endorsed insomnia symptoms of at least mild severity. Participants who reported at least mild insomnia symptoms had more healthcare office visits (IRR = 1.23, p = .04), general mental health visits (IRR = 3.98, p &lt; .0001), and pain-related mental health visits (IRR = 9.55, p = .01) than those without insomnia symptoms. Adjusting for covariates, rates of mental health visits, overall (IRR = 3.13, p = .001) and pain-related (IRR = 6.93, p = .02), remained statistically significantly higher.ConclusionsInsomnia symptoms are associated with postoperative healthcare utilization lending support for future work to examine the value of assessing and intervening on insomnia symptoms prelaminectomy.