bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studying the structural and optical properties of Er3+ doped TiO2 powders synthesized by the sol-gel process
Authors: Le T T Giang , Tran Kim Chi , Cao T M Dung , Nguyen T P Thanh , Van Tran T T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A series of TiO2:xEr powders (with x from 0% to 1% at.) was synthesised by a simple sol–gel process. The structural and optical properties were studied in detail using diffusion reflection spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, to systematically determine the band edge, morphology, and structural properties of both undoped and Er-doped TiO2 samples. Notably, the introduction of Er dopants in the TiO2 matrix results in a decrease in both the band gap and crystallite size as well as the anatase phase of host matrix TiO2 remained in the anatase phase even at 800 °C. The heat treatment temperature has an insignificant effect on the green/red emission ratio of Er ions. However, this ratio strongly depends on excitation wavelengths corresponding to down-conversion and up-conversion processes. The colour emission of TiO2:Er is easily tunable from green to yellow under different excitations. The emission mechanism of TiO2:Er is proposed based on spectroscopy techniques. These findings reveal that the TiO2:Er powders are potential materials for labelling and photocatalyst applications.
Charge transport properties of interstitially doped graphene: a first-principles study
Authors: Rositawati Dwi Nugraheni , Absor Moh. Adhib Ulil , Triyana Kuwat , Santoso Iman 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The role of interstitial atomic doping on transport properties of graphene was systematically studied using first-principles density functional theory (DFT). The study revealed that interstitial Au doping results in a p-type transfer of holes to graphene as the dopant concentration increases to 25%, with the Dirac point shifting to the Fermi level and localised states of atomic dopants appearing at the Fermi level and at energy of −1 eV. Ca, Ag and Al interstitial doping induces an n-type transfer of electrons to graphene with the Dirac point moving away from the Fermi level and localised states appearing at the Fermi level and at energy levels of ∼2 eV for Ca, around −3.5 eV for Ag, −3.5 eV and ∼1.6 eV for Al. As the dopant concentration increases further to 50%, the number of holes (or electrons) decreases for all dopants, except for Ca, as the localised state at the Fermi level disappears, and the Dirac point returns towards the Fermi level. Our research provides insights into how to reconcile the localised state and the number of charge carriers that play a significant role in the transport properties of interstitial doped graphene.
Mechanical properties and fracture behavior of Al(111)/MgAlB4(0001) interface in Al matrix composites: a first-principle calculation study
Authors: Wang Mingjie , Zhang Yijie , Zheng Hongxing , Ru Zhongyun , Yang Xiaoyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Hexagonal crystal MgAlB4 is a strengthening phase in Al matrix composites, which can significantly improve ultimate tensile strength. In this paper, the surface perform, interfacial bonding characteristic, fracture mechanism, and electronic properties of the Al(111)/MgAlB4(0001) interface were thoroughly investigated by the first principles method. The results reveal that the top-site and bridge-site configurations were more unstable than the hollow-site. Besides, from the calculated results of interfacial energy and work of adhesion, the hollow-stacked Al(111)/B(Al)-terminated/MgAlB4(0001) interface expresses stronger stability than other interfacial models, which is attributable to the higher work of adhesion and lower interfacial energy of the hollow-stacked Al(111)/B(Al)-terminated/MgAlB4(0001) interface. Analysis of electronic structure reveals that the Al-termination and Mg-termination Al(111)/MgAlB4(0001) interface presents Al-Al and Al-Mg metallic bonds at the interface, respectively, but the B(Al)-termination Al(111)/MgAlB4(0001) interface expresses strong Al-B covalent bonds characteristic, which leads to the highest interface stability. The results of tensile fracture revealed that the HCP stacked B(Al)-termination interface transferred the external stress to Al bulk, due to the Al-B covalent bond formed near the interface. Therefore, ceramic phase MgAlB4 can effectively promote the particle reinforcement of Al matrix composites.
Possible linkage of sea surface height anomaly, surface wind stress and sea surface temperature with the falling ice radiative effects under a gradual warming scenario
Authors: Tsai Yu-Cian , Li Jui-Lin F , Xu Kuan-Man , Lee Wei-Liang , Jiang Jonathan H , Fetzer Eric J , Yu Jia-Yuh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the possible linkage of sea surface height anomaly (SSHA), sea surface temperature (SST) and surface wind stress (TAU) with the falling ice radiative effects (FIREs) over the Pacific Ocean under the CMIP5 scenario of 1% CO2 increase per year (1pctCO2) for 140 years. Two sensitivity experiments using the fully-coupled ocean-atmosphere CESM1-CAM5 model are compared: one with FIREs (SON) and the other without (NOS). The warming period of the last 20 year is compared to the control period of the first 20 years. The mean state of the first 20 years exhibits a stronger west-east SSHA gradient in SON than in NOS over the Pacific Ocean, attributed to the stronger prevailing easterly trade winds and the SST pattern of being warmer in the western Pacific but colder in the eastern Pacific. In the last 20 years, SON continues to display a stronger SSHA west-east gradient with higher sea level and SST over the western Pacific Ocean compared to NOS. In the southwest Pacific, stronger trade winds are linked with the wind-evaporation-SST feedback, leading to a more significant decline in SSHA there in SON than in NOS. The CMIP5 ensemble mean shows similar relationships of SSHA with TAU and SST to those of NOS when both are compared against SON, highlighting the importance of FIREs in the SSH projection over the Pacific Ocean and the impact of FIREs on the changing relationships between SSHA, SST and TAU under global warming.
Strengths-based Approaches—Perspectives from Practitioners
Authors: Caiels James , Silarova Barbora , Milne Alisoun J , Beadle-Brown Julie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Despite its popularity, relatively little is known about strengths-based approaches in adult social work. In order to explore how strengths-based models and approaches are developed and implemented in social work and social care in England, and how these models are impacting practice, a two-stage project was conducted between December 2020 and October 2021. An online survey was completed by thirty-two respondents and a sub-sample of ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with social work and social care professionals involved in organising, managing, delivering or commissioning strengths-based approaches. The majority of participants were social workers. A range of positive outcomes were reported including improved reported well-being and satisfaction for people accessing services and enriched interactions (greater empathy, trust, better rapport), particularly for social workers. Challenges included incompatibility of systems and organisational structures; workload pressures and a depleted workforce; limited resources and applying the model at crisis point. The principles and values associated with adopting a strengths-based approach appear consistent with providing high-quality social work. The challenge for researchers—and to some extent practitioners—is how to meaningfully capture the nuanced impact of such a multi-dimensional approach. The challenge for policy is how to operationalise and replicate the benefits.
Exploring the merits of geographical diversification of solar PV power plants for a resilient PV-dominated electricity grid in India
Authors: Ghosh Saikat , Roy Jatindra Nath , Chakraborty Chandan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
India is highly dependent on solar photovoltaics (PV) to harness its vast solar resource potential and combat climate change. However, $\sim$90% of the installed PV capacity in India is concentrated in the top nine states, with the remaining states lagging behind. The research reveals that during monsoons, heavy cloud cover and rain lead to high solar resource variability, intermittency and the risk of very low PV generation, which can result in reliability issues in future PV-dominated electricity grids. Although energy storage can help in overcoming high intermittency, there are multiple challenges associated with it. The novelty of this study lies in demonstrating the benefits of combining multiple PV sites in various regions to mitigate the risks of low PV generation and high variability. The variability of individual sites was found to be up to $\sim$3.5 times higher than the variability of combined generation. During noon, prominent solar park sites like Bhadla and NP Kunta experience a decrease in power generation to values as low as $\sim$10% of the rated PV capacity. However, the minimum generation of the large-scale dispersed PV generation is $&gt;$30%. Furthermore, the research identifies other benefits of dispersing PV generation across the country, viz., reduction of seasonal variability by adding PV capacity in the southern region, widening of the PV generation span, more room for PV capacity addition, reduction in storage and ramping needs, utilization of hydroelectric potential of the north-east and PV potential of Ladakh, and creating opportunities for sustainable development in rural agrarian regions through agrivoltaics.
Genetic testing in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: in whom and when?
Authors: Tato Ana María , Carrera Noa , García-Murias Maria , Shabaka Amir , Ávila Ana , Mora Mora María Teresa , Rabasco Cristina , Soto Karina , de la Prada Alvarez Francisco Jose , Fernández-Lorente Loreto , Rodríguez-Moreno Antolina , Huerta Ana , Mon Carmen , García-Carro Clara , González Cabrera Fayna , Navarro Juan Antonio Martín , Romera Ana , Gutiérrez Eduardo , Villacorta Javier , de Lorenzo Alberto , Avilés Beatriz , Garca-González Miguel Angel , Fernández-Juárez Gema 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Genetic causes are increasingly recognized in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), but it remains unclear which patients should undergo genetic study. Our objective was to determine the frequency and distribution of genetic variants in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome FSGS (SRNS-FSGS) and in FSGS of undetermined cause (FSGS-UC).

Methods
We performed targeted exome sequencing of 84 genes associated with glomerulopathy in patients with adult-onset SRNS-FSGS or FSGS-UC after ruling out secondary causes.

Results
Seventy-six patients met the study criteria; 24 presented with SRNS-FSGS and 52 with FSGS-UC. We detected FSGS-related disease-causing variants in 27/76 patients (35.5%). There were no differences between genetic and non-genetic causes in age, proteinuria, glomerular filtration rate, serum albumin, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes or family history. Hematuria was more prevalent among patients with genetic causes. We found 19 pathogenic variants in COL4A3–5 genes in 16 (29.3%) patients. NPHS2 mutations were identified in 6 (16.2%) patients. The remaining cases had variants affecting INF2, OCRL, ACTN4 genes or APOL1 high-risk alleles. FSGS-related genetic variants were more common in SRNS-FSGS than in FSGS-UC (41.7% vs 32.7%). Four SRNS-FSGS patients presented with NPHS2 disease-causing variants. COL4A variants were the most prevalent finding in FSGS-UC patients, with 12 patients carrying disease-causing variants in these genes.

Conclusions
FSGS-related variants were detected in a substantial number of patients with SRNS-FSGS or FSGS-UC, regardless of age of onset of disease or the patient's family history. In our experience, genetic testing should be performed in routine clinical practice for the diagnosis of this group of patients.
Whole Blood DNA Methylation Changes Are Associated with Anti-TNF Drug Concentration in Patients with Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Lin Simeng , Hannon Eilis , Reppell Mark , Waring Jeffrey F , Smaoui Nizar , Pivorunas Valerie , Guay Heath , Chanchlani Neil , Bewshea Claire , Bai Benjamin Y H , Kennedy Nicholas A , Goodhand James R , Mill Jonathan , Ahmad Tariq 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Anti-tumour necrosis factor [TNF] treatment failure in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is common and frequently related to low drug concentrations. In order to identify patients who may benefit from dose optimisation at the outset of anti-TNF therapy, we sought to define epigenetic biomarkers in whole blood at baseline associated with anti-TNF drug concentrations at week 14.

Methods
DNA methylation from 1104 whole blood samples from 385 patients in the Personalised Anti-TNF Therapy in Crohn’s disease [PANTS] study were assessed using the Illumina EPIC Beadchip [v1.0] at baseline and weeks 14, 30, and 54. We compared DNA methylation profiles in anti-TNF-treated patients who experienced primary non-response at week 14 if they were assessed at subsequent time points and were not in remission at week 30 or 54 [infliximab n = 99, adalimumab n = 94], with patients who responded at week 14 and when assessed at subsequent time points were in remission at week 30 or 54 [infliximab n = 99, adalimumab n = 93].

Results
Overall, between baseline and week 14, we observed 4999 differentially methylated positions [DMPs] annotated to 2376 genes following anti-TNF treatment. Pathway analysis identified 108 significant gene ontology terms enriched in biological processes related to immune system processes and responses. Epigenome-wide association [EWAS] analysis identified 323 DMPs annotated to 210 genes at baseline associated with higher anti-TNF drug concentrations at Week 14. Of these, 125 DMPs demonstrated shared associations with other common traits [proportion of shared CpGs compared with DMPs] including body mass index [23.2%], followed by C-reactive protein [CRP] [11.5%], smoking [7.4%], alcohol consumption per day [7.1%], and IBD type [6.8%]. EWAS of primary non-response to anti-TNF identified 20 DMPs that were associated with both anti-TNF drug concentration and primary non-response to anti-TNF with a strong correlation of the coefficients [Spearman’s rho = -0.94, p &lt;0.001].

Conclusion
Baseline DNA methylation profiles may be used as a predictor for anti-TNF drug concentration at week 14 to identify patients who may benefit from dose optimisation at the outset of anti-TNF therapy.
Sex differences in symptoms of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and cognitive function among survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Grand Johannes , Fuglsbjerg Cecilie , Borregaard Britt , Wagner Mette Kirstine , Kragh Astrid Rolin , Bekker-Jensen Ditte , Mikkelsen Astrid Duus , Møller Jacob Eifer , Glud Heidi , Hassager Christian , Kikkenborg Selina , Kjaergaard Jesper 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
Anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors may impact long-term recovery. Coping and perception of symptoms may vary between sexes. The aim was to explore sex differences in psychological consequences following OHCA.

Methods and results
This was a prospective observational study of OHCA survivors who attended a structured 3-month follow-up. Symptoms of anxiety/depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, range 0–21, with a cut-off score of ≥8 for significant symptoms; PTSD was measured with the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), range 0–80. A score of ≥33 indicated PTSD symptoms. Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. From 2016 to 2021, 381 consecutive comatose OHCA survivors were invited. Of these, 288 patients (76%) participated in the follow-up visit [53 (18%) females out of 80 survivors and 235 (82%) males out of 300 alive at follow-up (78%)]. Significant symptoms of anxiety were present in 47 (20%) males and 19 (36%) females (P = 0.01). Significant symptoms of PTSD were present in 30% of males and 55% of females (P = 0.01). Adjusting for pre-specified covariates using multivariable logistic regression, female sex was significantly associated with anxiety [odds ratio (OR): 2.18, confidence interval (CI): 1.09–4.38, P = 0.03]. This difference was especially pronounced among young females (below median age, ORadjusted: 3.31, CI: 1.32–8.29, P = 0.01) compared with young males. No significant sex difference was observed for depression or cognitive function.

Conclusion
Symptoms of anxiety and PTSD are frequent in OHCA survivors, and female survivors report significantly more symptoms of anxiety and PTSD compared with males. In particular, young females were significantly more symptomatic than young males.
Genetic Ablation of Prorenin Receptor in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Influences Blood Pressure and Hydromineral Balance in Deoxycorticosterone-Salt Hypertension
Authors: Mathieu Natalia M , Fekete Eva M , Muskus Patricia C , Brozoski Daniel T , Lu Ko-Ting , Wackman Kelsey K , Gomez Javier , Fang Shi , Reho John J , Grobe Connie C , Vazirabad Ibrahim , Mouradian Gary C , Hodges Matthew R , Segar Jeffrey L , Grobe Justin L , Sigmund Curt D , Nakagawa Pablo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Non-enzymatic activation of renin via its interaction with prorenin receptor (PRR) has been proposed as a key mechanism of local renin–angiotensin system (RAS) activation. The presence of renin and angiotensinogen has been reported in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). Overactivation of bulbospinal neurons in the RVLM is linked to hypertension (HTN). Previous studies have shown that the brain RAS plays a role in the pathogenesis of the deoxycorticosterone (DOCA)-salt HTN model. Thus, we hypothesized that PRR in the RVLM is involved in the local activation of the RAS, facilitating the development of DOCA-salt HTN. Selective PRR ablation targeting the RVLM (PRRRVLM-Null mice) resulted in an unexpected sex-dependent and biphasic phenotype in DOCA-salt HTN. That is, PRRRVLM-Null females (but not males) exhibited a significant delay in achieving maximal pressor responses during the initial stage of DOCA-salt HTN. Female PRRRVLM-Null subsequently showed exacerbated DOCA-salt-induced pressor responses during the “maintenance” phase with a maximal peak at 13 d on DOCA-salt. This exacerbated response was associated with an increased sympathetic drive to the resistance arterioles and the kidney, exacerbated fluid and sodium intake and output in response to DOCA-salt, and induced mobilization of fluids from the intracellular to extracellular space concomitant with elevated vasopressin. Ablation of PRR suppressed genes involved in RAS activation and catecholamine synthesis in the RVLM but also induced expression of genes involved in inflammatory responses. This study illustrates complex and sex-dependent roles of PRR in the neural control of BP and hydromineral balance through autonomic and neuroendocrine systems.
Graphical abstract
Genome Report: chromosome-scale genome assembly of the African spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus)
Authors: Nguyen Elizabeth Dong , Fard Vahid Nikoonejad , Kim Bernard Y , Collins Sarah , Galey Miranda , Nelson Branden R , Wakenight Paul , Gable Simone M , McKenna Aaron , Bammler Theo K , MacDonald Jim , Okamura Daryl M , Shendure Jay , Beier David R , Ramirez Jan Marino , Majesky Mark W , Millen Kathleen J , Tollis Marc , Miller Danny E 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
There is increasing interest in the African spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus) as a model organism because of its ability for regeneration of tissue after injury in skin, muscle, and internal organs such as the kidneys. A high-quality reference genome is needed to better understand these regenerative properties at the molecular level. Here, we present an improved reference genome for A. cahirinus generated from long Nanopore sequencing reads. We confirm the quality of our annotations using RNA sequencing data from 4 different tissues. Our genome is of higher contiguity and quality than previously reported genomes from this species and will facilitate ongoing efforts to better understand the regenerative properties of this organism.
Phenotypic defects from the expression of wild-type and pathogenic TATA-binding proteins in new Drosophila models of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 17
Authors: Patel Nikhil , Alam Nadir , Libohova Kozeta , Dulay Ryan , Todi Sokol V , Sujkowski Alyson 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 17 (SCA17) is the most recently identified member of the polyglutamine (polyQ) family of disorders, resulting from abnormal CAG/CAA expansion in the TATA box-binding protein (TBP), an initiation factor essential for of all eukaryotic transcription. A largely autosomal dominant inherited disease, SCA17, is unique in both its heterogeneous clinical presentation and low incidence of genetic anticipation, the phenomenon in which subsequent generations inherit longer polyQ expansions that yield earlier and more severe symptom onset. Like other polyQ disease family members, SCA17 patients experience progressive ataxia and dementia, and treatments are limited to preventing symptoms and increasing quality of life. Here, we report 2 new Drosophila models that express human TBP with polyQ repeats in either wild-type or SCA17 patient range. We find that TBP expression has age- and tissue-specific effects on neurodegeneration, with polyQ-expanded SCA17 protein expression generally having more severe effects. In addition, SCA17 model flies accumulate more aggregation-prone TBP, with a greater proportion localizing to the nucleus. These new lines provide a new resource for the biochemical characterization of SCA17 pathology and the future identification of therapeutic targets.
Motivations to use multifunctional public goods in organizations: using agent-based modeling to explore differential uses of enterprise social media
Authors: Foote Jeremy , Treem Jeffrey W , van den Hooff Bart , Honcoop Marjolijn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work conceptualizes enterprise social media (ESM) as a multifunctional public good that both supports communication that connects users directly and allows users to contribute or access communal information. We show how differing motivations to use an ESM—connective or communal goals—interact with individuals’ perceptions of activity on a platform, and the consequences this has for individual participation decisions and the viability of the digital space. We begin with a case study of the adoption of an ESM platform within a single organization. We then apply findings from this case study, combined with broader theories of technology adoption, to create agent-based simulations. We show that the connective and communal aspects of an ESM complement each other and can spur adoption; we also identify the importance of information decay as a variable influencing collective adoption. We end with a discussion of the theoretical and practical implications of our results.