bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arterial spin labeling reveals disordered cerebral perfusion and cerebral blood flow-based functional connectivity in primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Wang Qian , Qu Xiaoxia , Wang Huaizhou , Chen Weiwei , Sun Yunxiao , Li Ting , Chen Jianhong , Wang Yang , Wang Ningli , Xian Junfang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a widespread neurodegenerative condition affecting brain regions involved in visual processing, somatosensory processing, motor control, emotional regulation and cognitive functions. Cerebral hemodynamic dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of glaucomatous neurodegeneration. We aimed to investigate cerebral blood flow (CBF) redistributed patterns in visual and higher-order cognitive cortices and its relationship with clinical parameters in POAG, and we hypothesized that CBF changes together across regions within the same functional network.
Methods:
Forty-five POAG patients and 23 normal controls underwent three-dimensional pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling MRI to measure the resting-state CBF. Group comparisons of CBF and correlations between CBF changes and ophthalmological and neuropsychological indices were assessed. We determined CBF-based functional connectivity (CBFC) by calculating the correlations between specific regions and all other brain voxels and compared CBFC differences between groups.
Results:
The patients exhibited decreased CBF in visual cortices, postcentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule and cerebellum and increased CBF in medial, middle, and superior frontal gyri, as well as the insula. The CBF in the visual cortices and medial frontal gyrus significantly correlated with the ophthalmological parameters. POAG patients showed disorganized connection patterns, mainly characterized by negative connections weakening or converting to mild positive connections, as well as positive connections converting to negative connections.
Conclusions:
Together, regional and interregional CBF properties confirmed that the aberrant brain regions extend beyond the visual pathway, including the somatosensory, emotional and cognitive networks, which highlights the importance of cerebral hemodynamic dysfunction in the pathophysiology of spreading neurodegeneration in POAG.
Combined analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome provides insight into seed oil accumulation in soybean
Authors: Zhao Xunchao , Wang Jie , Xia Ning , Liu Yuanyuan , Qu Yuewen , Ming Meng , Zhan Yuhang , Han Yingpeng , Zhao Xue , Li Yongguang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) is an important source of human food, animal feed, and bio-energy. Although the genetic network of lipid metabolism is clear in Arabidopsis, the understanding of lipid metabolism in soybean is limited.
Results In this study, 30 soybean varieties were subjected to transcriptome and metabolome analysis. In total, 98 lipid-related metabolites were identified, including glycerophospholipid, alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, glycolysis, pyruvate, and the sphingolipid pathway. Of these, glycerophospholipid pathway metabolites accounted for the majority of total lipids. Combining the transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we found that 33 lipid-related metabolites and 83 lipid-related genes, 14 lipid-related metabolites and 17 lipid-related genes, and 12 lipid-related metabolites and 25 lipid-related genes were significantly correlated in FHO (five high oil varieties) vs. FLO (five low oil varieties), THO (10 high oil varieties) vs. TLO (10 low oil varieties), and HO (15 high oil varieties) vs. LO (15 low oil varieties), respectively.
Conclusions The GmGAPDH and GmPDAT genes were significantly correlated with lipid metabolism genes, and the result revealed the regulatory relationship between glycolysis and oil synthesis. These results improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of soybean seed oil improvement.
Bioinformatics analysis of the αN-helix motif of the Trypanozoon protein kinase A regulatory subunit-like protein, which is capable of inhibiting the enzymatic activity of the protein kinase A catalytic subunit-like protein
Authors: A. Nelson Araujo , Bubis José 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

A peptide possessing the αN-helix motif of the protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory subunit-like protein from the Trypanozoom subgenera (VAP26) was shown to inhibit the enzymatic activity of the Trypanosoma equiperdumPKA catalytic subunit-like protein in a similar manner that the mammalian heat-stable soluble PKA inhibitor (PKI). However, VAP26 did not contain the PKI inhibitory sequence. Bioinformatics analyzes of the αN-helix motif from the Trypanozoon protein suggested that the sequence can form favorable peptide-protein interactions of hydrophobic nature with the PKA catalytic subunit-like protein, which could represent an alternative PKA inhibition mechanism. It was determined that the sequence of the αN-helix motif of the Trypanozoon protein is conserved but significantly divergent from the corresponding αN-helix motifs in the Leishmania and mammalian proteins. This sequence divergence contrasted with the secondary structure of the αN-helix motif, which appeared to be conserved in every regulatory subunit-like protein that was analyzed. In silico mutation experiments at positions I234, L238 and F244 of the αN-helix motif from the Trypanozoon protein destabilized both the specific motif and the protein, while mutations at positions T239 and Y240, on the contrary, stabilized the motif and the protein. These results suggested that the αN-helix motif from the Trypanozoon protein probably possessed a different evolutionary path than its Leishmania and mammalian counterparts. Moreover, finding stabilizing mutations can be used for the design of novel inhibitory peptides on the basis of the αN-helix motif from the Trypanozoon PKA regulatory subunit-like protein.
Genetic mapping of the root-mycobiota in rice and its role in drought tolerance
Authors: Andreo-Jimenez Beatriz , Beest Dennis E. te , Kruijer Willem , Vannier Nathan , Kadam Niteen N. , Melandri Giovanni , Jagadish S. V. Krishna , Linden Gerard , Ruyter-Spira Carolien , Vandenkoornhuyse Philippe , Bouwmeester Harro J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Rice is the second most produced crop worldwide, but it is highly susceptible to drought-induced yield loss. Micro-organisms can potentially alleviate the negative effects of drought but how they are associated with their host is unclear. The aim of the present study was to unravel the genetic factors involved in this process, and whether it plays a role in rice drought tolerance.
Results
To achieve this, we characterized the composition of the root-mycobiota in 296 rice accessions (Oryza sativaL. subsp. indica), grown in the field under control and drought conditions. A Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) was used to identify marker-trait associations between rice Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers and root mycobiota. This resulted in the identification of ten significant (LOD > 4) SNPs associated with six root associated fungi and four significant SNPs associated with fungi-mediated drought tolerance. The analysis of the genes underlying the loci of the significant marker-trait associations identified a priori candidates including genes known to be involved in pathogen defense, abiotic stress responses and cell-wall remodeling processes.
Conclusion
Our study shows that the rice genetics affects the recruitment of fungi, some of which affect yield under drought, and provides candidate gene targets for breeding to improve rice-fungal interactions and drought tolerance.
The anatomical therapeutic chemical classification is flexible enough to describe the innovation in biotechnological drugs?
Authors: Drago Filippo , Gozzo Lucia , Minghetti Paola , Polidori Piera , Faggiano Maria Ernestina , Bartolini Fausto , Lopatriello Stefania , Putignano Daria , Molinari Angelo Claudio , De Cristofaro Raimondo , Sacco Monica , Amoroso Claudio , Cafiero Davide 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVES:
The Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical Classification (ATC) - defined by the WHO as a “tool for drug utilization monitoring and research in order to improve quality of drug use” - codes active substances and groups them according to the target organ or system and their therapeutic, pharmacological and chemical properties. However, the classification could include inconsistencies, mostly evident for biotechnological products, resulting in possible inappropriate use.
The work aimed at determining whether drugs (in particular biologics) are appropriately described by their ATC code,investigating evidence on their use and suggesting solutions to improve the classification pattern.
METHODS:
Twelve experts critically analyzed the ATC classification and proposed possible solutions. The results were summarized in statements, which were voted to reach a consensus through the Nominal Group Technique. Each expert voted on the statements, and the agreement was defined at 75% of the highest scores. Additionally, to investigate the use of ATC in scientific research, a literature review of its use was also performed.
RESULTS:
Based on a literature review, a total of 75 studies were analyzed; 99% concerned the appropriate use of ATC classification. Then, based on their experience, the experts identified the following inconsistencies in the ATC code: use of a single ATC code for more than one indication; lack of identification of differences among drug formulations deriving from their pharmacokinetic profile and differences attributable to further characteristics, beyond indication of use and mechanism of action (e.g., blood coagulation factors). Ten statements were identified: 5 regarding critical issues in the ATC code (structural limits at the ATC fifth code level; time-consuming, complex, imprecise coding request/modification procedure) and 5 possible solutions (telematic procedures to modernize the request/modification ATC code process; unique form to request/modify codes, specifying manufacturing process and reference to therapeutic equivalence among active principles; further levels beyond the V to differentiate drug peculiarities). Agreement among experts was reached for all statements.
CONCLUSIONS:
The ATC code classification pattern should be partially changed to incorporate the peculiarities of biotechnologies to promote their appropriate use.
Robotic colorectal resection in combination with a multimodal enhanced recovery program - Results of the first 100 cases
Authors: El-Ahmar Mohamad , Peters Franziska , Green Martina , Dietrich Melanie , Ristig Matthias , Ritz Jörg-Peter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: In Germany, colorectal robot-assisted surgery (RAS) has become common [1]. We investigated whether RAS can be extensively combined with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) in a large prospective patient group.
Methods: Using the DaVinci Xi surgical robot, all colorectal RAS from 09/2020 to 01/2022 were incorporated into our ERAS® program. Perioperative data were prospectively recorded using a data documentation system. The extent of resection, duration of the operation, intraoperative blood loss, conversion rate, and postoperative short-term results were analyzed. We documented the postoperative duration of Intermediate Care Unit (IMC) stay and major and minor complications according to the Clavien–Dindo classification, anastomotic leak rate, reoperation rate, hospital-stay length, and ERAS® guideline adherence.
Results: One hundred patients (65 colon and 35 rectal resections) were included (median age: 69 years). The median durations of surgery were 167 min (colon resection) and 246 min (rectal resection). Postoperatively, four patients were IMC-treated (median stay: 1 day). In 92.5% of the colon and 88.6% of the rectum resections, no or minor complications occurred postoperatively. The anastomotic leak rate was 3.1% in colon and 5.7% in rectal resection. The reoperation rate was 7.7% (colon resection) and 11.4% (rectal resection). The hospital stay length was 5 days (colon resection) and 6.5 days (rectal resection). The ERAS® guideline adherence rate was 88% (colon resection) and 82.6% (rectal resection).
Conclusion: Patient perioperative therapy per the multimodal ERAS® concept is possible without any problems in colorectal RAS, leading to low morbidity and short hospital stays.
On the information obtained using Shannon's entropy through spin density
Authors: Flores-Gallegos Nelson 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we analyze the reaction H2 + H using Shannon's entropy defined in terms of spin density in position and momentum spaces. We analyzed the changes in the trends obtained in terms of the first derivative of Shannon's entropy with respect to the electron number and with respect to spin density, in the first case, we show that this result is related to Fukui's function, while in the second case, we found that this derivative is related to the so-called generalized moments.
Classification of mild cognitive impairment using convolutional neural network based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy-derived neuroimaging biomarkers
Authors: Park Jin-Hyuck 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
To date, early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has mainly depended on paper-based neuropsychological assessments. Recently, biomarkers for MCI detection has gained a lot of attention because of the low sensitivity of neuropsychological assessments. This study proposed the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-derived neuroimaging technique to identify MCI using convolutional neural network (CNN).
Methods
Eighty subjects with MCI and 142 healthy controls (HC) performed the 2-back task, and their oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) changes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were recorded during the task. CNN was applied to distinguish MCI from HC after training the CNN model with spatial features of brain images within the time window during 5–15 seconds. Thereafter, the 5-fold cross-validation approach then was used to evaluate the performance of CNN.
Results
Significant difference in averaged HbO2 values between MCI and HC groups were found, and the average accuracy of CNN was 95.71%. Specifically, the left DLPFC (98.62%) achieved a higher accuracy rate than the right DLPFC (92.86%).
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the fNIRS-derived neuroimaging technique based on the spatial feature could be a promising way for early detection of MCI.
Prevalence and associated factors of frailty among community dweller older adults living in Gondar town, northwest, Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study.
Authors: Takele Mihret Dejen , Sany Kedir , Getie Kefale , Imiru Dechasa , Jember Gashaw , Gobezie Melese , Abich Yohannes , Kibret Alemu Kassaw 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Frailty is a multidimensional geriatric condition that increases vulnerability to stressors, increases the risk of negative health outcomes, and lowers quality of life in older people. However, little attention has been paid to frailty in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and identify the contributing factors of frailty.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from April to June 2022. A total of 607 study participants were included using a single cluster sampling technique. Data was collected by interviewing the participants using a structured questionnaire, and a pretest was conducted. Tilburg frailty indicator was used to measure frailty among older adults. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, binary and multivariate logistic. Variables with a P-value of less than 0.25 in the bivariate logistic regression were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model. Finally, variables with an odds ratio, a 95% confidence interval, and a P value less than 0.05 had a significant association were reported.
Results: In this study the overall prevalence of frailty among older adults was 39% (CI 95%, 35.51-43.1). Older age (AOR=6.26 CI (3.41-11.48), presence of two or more morbidity (AOR = 6.05 CI (3.51-10.43), activity of daily life dependency (AOR = 4.12 CI (2.49-6.80), and depression (AOR = 2.68 CI (1.55-4.63) were found to be significant factors.
Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of frailty was found to be remarkable, and we conclude that frailty should be recognized as a priority public health problem among older adults in the study area. Therefore, it is important to focus on educating the older adult population about healthy aging and orienting them on these modifiable risk factors should be considered to mitigate the problem.
Macroscopic entropy-increasing model for convection-diffusion problems
Authors: Lu Jinhua , Adams Nikolaus A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The excellent numerical stability of the entropic lattice Boltzmann model proves that the entropy increase of the collision operator is of great importance for numerical stability. The present paper first introduces the local temperature gradient to construct a macroscopic entropy-increasing (MEI) process to replace the collision operator. Consequently, the MEI model for convection-diffusion problems is proposed by combining the MEI process and the thermal lattice Boltzmann equation (TLBE). It reveals how to achieve good numerical stability on a macroscopic scale using the entropy-increasing principle. Numerical investigations and von Neumann stability analyses prove that it can achieve excellent numerical stability and accuracy comparable with TLBE. The properties of the MEI model show that the good numerical stability of TLBE originates in the entropy increase of the collision step and the diffusion terms of the streaming step. In addition, the MEI model consists of only local algebraic operations and partial derivatives, which enables it to be easily solved on nonuniform meshes, whereas implementing TLBE on nonuniform meshes is relatively complicated.
Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Plasmodium-infected Hosts as
Stimuli of “Trained” Innate Immunity
Authors: Chen Jin-Guang , Du Yun-Ting , Guan Chang-Hui , Fan Hua-Yu , Liu Yang-Ai , Wang Ting , Li Xin , Chen Guang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Although the burden of malaria has been successfully controlled globally, this
disease remains a major public health issue. To date, neither existing drugs nor vaccines
against malaria are sufficient in eliminating malaria worldwide. To achieve the eradication
of malaria by 2040, effective interventions targeting all Plasmodium species are urgently
needed. As the cornerstone of vaccine design, immune memory serves a significant
role in the host's defense against Plasmodium infections. It has long been considered
that innate immunity is non-specific and lacks immunologic memory. However, emerging
evidence has suggested that innate immunity can be trained following exposure of
the body to infectious agents, such as Plasmodium or its products, which, in turn, promotes
the onset of a type of memory in innate immune cells. The above “trained” innate
immune cells, whose phenotype is modified in response to epigenetic modifications,
metabolic recombination, or cytokine secretion, exhibit differential pathophysiology after
the exposure of the body to a pathogen. In addition, Plasmodium-infected red blood cells
and other host cells can secrete exosomes that contain conserved parasite-specific information,
such as proteins, RNA, non-coding RNA molecules, and nucleic acids. These
molecules can act as stimuli for promoting the establishment of “trained” innate immunity
against malaria, thereby altering the onset and progression of the parasitic disease. A
deeper understanding of the role of exosomes in the development of “trained” innate immunity
during Plasmodium infection could provide novel therapeutic and prevention
strategies against malaria infections.
VE-822 Enhanced Cisplatin Chemotherapy Effects on Head and Neck
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Drug-resistant Cells
Authors: Chen Tinglan , Yang Fei , Dai Xiaofeng , Yu Youcheng , Sun Yang , Wu Xingwen , Li Ruixue , Zhou Qianrong 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The study aimed to assess the effect of p-ATR inhibitor VE-822 in the combination chemotherapy with cisplatin of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and to explore the possible mechanism.

Methods:
The DNA damage levels were determined by comet assay and western blot experiments in cisplatin-resistant and sensitive cell lines. The IC50 value changes after combination treatment with VE-822 in cisplatin sensitive and resistant cell lines were detected by the CCK-8 test. The effects of VE-822 combined with cisplatin on proliferation ability, colony formation ability, migration ability, cell apoptosis and cell cycle changes were observed in vitro. In vivo, the combination treatment effect was verified in the subcutaneous xenograft models of nude mice. Besides, the mechanism of VE-822 assisting cisplatin in chemotherapy was explored by comet assay, western blotting and immunohistochemical experiments.

Results:
The increased expression of the p-ATR protein was related to the DNA damage repair pathway in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cisplatin-resistant cells. VE-822 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation and migration abilities and improved the cisplatin chemotherapeutic effects in subcutaneous xenograft models of nude mice by inhibiting the p-ATR expression and blocking DNA damage repair pathway.

Conclusions:
The p-ATR expression increased in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cisplatin-resistant cells. VE-822 significantly enhanced the therapeutic effect in cisplatin resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting p-ATR expression in vivo and in vitro.
[bmim]BF4-accelarated One-pot Synthesis of 2-amino Thiazole Derivatives
Authors: Duc Dau Xuan , Chung Nguyen Thi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
An efficient and environmentally-friendly protocol for the synthesis of 2- (arylamino)
thiazoles has been investigated. The two-step, three-component reaction of aryl ketones, Nbromosuccinimide,
and thiourea derivatives was performed using [bmim][BF4] ionic liquid as a solvent
in one pot and gave products in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the ionic liquid could be
reused up to the 5th time without a considerable decrease in the reaction yield. Thirteen thiazoles were
obtained in high yields (78-89%) under mild conditions (ambient temperature and relatively short reaction
time) and their structures were confirmed by NMR data.