bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Corporate Payments Influence Research Related to the Use of Acellular Dermal Matrices in Breast Surgery?
Authors: Lee Z-Hye , Diep Gustave K. , Brydges Hilliard , Berman Zoe P. , Alfonso Allyson R. , Ramly Elie P. , Chaya Bachar F. , Thanik Vishal 
Published: February 2023

Background:
No study has assessed the impact of financial conflicts of interests (COI) on the reporting of breast reconstruction outcomes with acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in peer-reviewed publications. We hypothesized that there is: (1) an association between financial COI and likelihood of studies reporting benefits in using ADM, and (2) inconsistent reporting of financial COI.

Methods:
The PubMed database was used to identify articles that reported on the use of ADM in breast surgery in four leading plastic surgery journals from January 2014 to December 2019. Financial COI for authors were determined using the open payments database.

Results:
Fifty-five articles were included. Twenty-four (43.6%) articles supported use of ADM, 12 (21.8%) did not promote ADM use and 19 (34.5%) were neutral. 92.7% (n=51) of studies had either a first or senior author with a COI and authors with a COI more commonly reported positive outcomes (p=0.02). Studies with positive outcomes featured first authors who received significantly larger financial payments ($95,955 vs. $15,642, p= 0.029) compared to studies with negative or neutral outcomes. ROC curve demonstrated studies with first authors receiving over $376.28 were more likely to report positive results. Eight senior authors and three first authors received greater than $500 from ADM producers yet did not report any financial disclosure.

Conclusions:
Financial COI is associated with higher likelihood of studies reporting benefit of using ADM in breast surgery. There remains inconsistent reporting of COIs and better oversight is needed to ensure unbiased publication on the use of ADM in breast surgery.
Functional and aesthetic outcomes of no dissection nasal dorsum using sub dorsal Septal Excision in preservation rhinoplasty
Authors: Qaradaxi Kurdo Akram , Mohammed Ayad Ahmad 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Dorsal preservation cause privileges change in the concept of rhinoplasty and a promising superior functional and aesthetic transformation in rhinoplasty surgery. Avoiding dissection of the dorsal nasal bone and cartilage will leave the soft tissue enveloped intact leading to a fine and smooth appearance, faster operation with less subsequent edema, and overall preservation of the dorsal aesthetic line.
Patients and methods: This is a prospective study which included 113 patients who underwent dorsal preservation rhinoplasty for nasal hump treatment with minimum dissection of nasal dorsum soft tissue envelope were included and results were evaluated using the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS).

Results:
The mean preoperative SCHNOS score was 7.21, the mean obstructive score was 2.95 (SD: 1.068) and the mean aesthetic score was 4.27 (SD: 0.771). The average lowering of the dorsal hump was 4.4 mm. About 96% of the patients showed improvement in the SCHOZ score after surgery, 86.7 % of patients (98 patients) showed improvement in the obstructive symptoms and 95.6% of them (108 patients) showed improvement in the aesthetic score. Complications seen in 22.11%, most commonly residual hump in 13.27% of the cases and dorsal indentation in 5.31%, bleeding and granuloma formation at the dorsal osteotomy site constituted 2.65% and 0.88% respectively. There was a very significant improvement in the aesthetic, obstructive, and the overall SCHNOS score (P values 0.000) for each parameter.

Conclusion:
Dorsal preservation rhinoplasty is safe and very effective procedure, with very low risk of complications. The majority of patients have improvement of the obstructive and aesthetic outcome after surgery.
Characterizing the Heart and the Myocardium With Photon-Counting CT
Authors: Zsarnóczay Emese , Varga-Szemes Akos , Emrich Tilman , Szilveszter Bálint , van der Werf Niels R. , Mastrodicasa Domenico , Maurovich-Horvat Pál , Willemink Martin J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNoninvasive cardiac imaging has rapidly evolved during the last decade owing to improvements in computed tomography (CT)–based technologies, among which we highlight the recent introduction of the first clinical photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) system. Multiple advantages of PCD-CT have been demonstrated, including increased spatial resolution, decreased electronic noise, and reduced radiation exposure, which may further improve diagnostics and may potentially impact existing management pathways. The benefits that can be obtained from the initial experiences with PCD-CT are promising. The implementation of this technology in cardiovascular imaging allows for the quantification of coronary calcium, myocardial extracellular volume, myocardial radiomics features, epicardial and pericoronary adipose tissue, and the qualitative assessment of coronary plaques and stents. This review aims to discuss these major applications of PCD-CT with a focus on cardiac and myocardial characterization.
<xhtml:span xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">Characterization, and in vitro antibacterial activity of sulfated &#160;polysaccharides from freshwater algae <em>Cladophora crispata</em>
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Authors: jasem mohanad , Merai Abd- Alwahab , Nizam Adnan Ali 
Published: February 2023

Barada River is characterized by an abundant growth of freshwater algae. Algae have been emerged as a new source for bioactive compounds, in this research Cladophora crispata was cultivated in the outdoor method, and algae sulfated Polysaccharides (SPs) were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction methods. After extraction, Gel filtration was used to purify the crude SPs; SPs compounds were determined and selected and we investigated the effect of SPs as antibacterial agents. the purified extract gave two fractions (F1 and F2). The chemical components of both crude and purified SPs were then determind. The highest carbohydrate content (74.12%) and protein content (4.02%) was found in the crude extract, while the highest sulfate content (12.17%) was found in F2, and the highest uronic content (18.46%) was found in F1. Fourier transforms infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used for confirmed that the crud and fractions consist of sugar, uronic acids, protein unite, and sulfate groups. Both F1, and F2 was found to consist of rhamnose, galactose, xylose, and ribose based on the High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation. Each fraction showed an inhibitory effect on the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. F2 has the lowest minimum inhabit concentration (MIC) value against Enterobacter aerogenes and Staphylococcus aureus; where its MIC values were 28 and 10 (mg/ml) respectively. Algae polysaccharides had the most important interest due to their antibacterial properties, which is makes them included in pharmacy and food applications.
Temporal change in etiology and clinical characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in a large cohort of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Joseph Yeoh Yuen Kang , Dore Gregory J. , Lockart Ian , Danta Mark , Flynn Ciara , Blackmore Conner , Levy Miriam T , George Jacob , Alavi Maryam , Hajarizadeh Behzad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundViral hepatitis and alcohol-related liver disease (ALRD) are the main risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in many countries. In Australia, given the access to hepatitis C virus (HCV) direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy since 2016, a temporal change in HCC etiology was hypothesized. This study evaluated the temporal change in the etiology and characteristics of HCC in New South Wales (NSW).MethodsPatients diagnosed with HCC, admitted to three public hospitals in NSW between 2008-21, were included in analyses. We assessed the annual frequency of each HCC etiology and the distribution of HCC characteristics in participants.ResultsAmong 1,370 patients, the most common HCC etiologies were HCV (n=483, 35%), ALRD (n=452, 33%), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n=347, 25%), and hepatitis B virus (n=301, 22%). The proportion of HCV-related HCC was the highest in 2011-16 (41%), and significantly declined to 30% in 2017-21 (OR: 0.53, 95%CI 0.35–0.79; p=0.002). The proportion of HCC with earlier diagnosis (BCLC stage O/A) increased from 41% in 2008-09 to 56% in 2020-21 (OR per annum: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.02–1.08; p=0.002), and proportion of patients receiving curative HCC management increased from 29% in 2008-09 to 41% in 2020-21 (OR per annum: 1.06; 95%CI: 1.03–1.10; p<0.001).ConclusionThe contribution of HCV to HCC burden has been decreasing in the DAA era, suggesting the role of HCV elimination in decreasing HCC risk. Increasing frequency of less advanced HCC at diagnosis over time suggests improved HCC surveillance.Lay SummaryIn New South Wales, the trend of liver cancer caused by hepatitis C increased during 2008-2016, and then significantly declined after 2016, most probably due to wide access to new hepatitis C treatment (direct-acting antiviral therapy). During 2008-2021, the proportion of patients with liver cancer whose cancer was diagnosed at early stage and proportion of those receiving curative liver cancer management increased.
New Genetic Insights in Rheumatoid Arthritis using Taxonomy3®, a Novel method for Analysing Human Genetic Data
Authors: Kozlowska Justyna , Humphryes-Kirilov Neil , Pavlovets Anastasia , Connolly Martin , Kuncheva Zhana , Horner Jonathan , Manso Ana Sousa , Murray Clare , Fox J. Craig , McCarthy Alun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGenetic support for a drug target has been shown to increase the probability of success in drug development, with the potential to reduce attrition in the pharmaceutical industry alongside discovering novel therapeutic targets. It is therefore important to maximise the detection of genetic associations that affect disease susceptibility. Conventional statistical methods used to analyse genome-wide association studies (GWAS) only identify some of the genetic contribution to disease, so novel analytical approaches are required to extract additional insights. C4X Discovery has developed a new method Taxonomy3®for analysing genetic datasets based on novel mathematics. When applied to a previously published rheumatoid arthritis GWAS dataset, Taxonomy3®identified many additional novel genetic signals associated with this autoimmune disease. Follow-up studies using tool compounds support the utility of the method in identifying novel biology and tractable drug targets with genetic support for further investigation.
Glioma genetic profiles associated with electrophysiologic hyperexcitability
Authors: Tobochnik Steven , Dorotan Maria Kristina C. , Ghosh Hia S. , Lapinskas Emily , Vogelzang Jayne , Reardon David A. , Ligon Keith L. , Bi Wenya Linda , Smirnakis Stelios M. , Lee Jong Woo 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTDistinct genetic alterations determine glioma aggressiveness, however the diversity of somatic mutations contributing to peritumoral hyperexcitability and seizures is uncertain. In a large cohort of patients with sequenced gliomas (n=1716), we used discriminant analysis models to identify somatic mutation variants associated with electrographic hyperexcitability in a subset with continuous EEG recording (n=206). Overall tumor mutational burdens were similar between patients with and without hyperexcitability. A cross-validated model trained exclusively on somatic mutations classified the presence or absence of hyperexcitability with an overall accuracy of 70.9%, and improved estimates of hyperexcitability and anti-seizure medication failure in multivariate analysis incorporating traditional demographic factors and tumor molecular classifications. Somatic mutation variants of interest were also over-represented in patients with hyperexcitability compared to internal and external reference cohorts. These findings implicate diverse mutations in cancer genes associated with the development of hyperexcitability and response to treatment.
Angiopoietin-like 4 promotes the proliferation and migration of epidermal stem cells and contributes to the re-epithelialization of cutaneous wounds
Authors: Yang Yuan , Yu Chenghao , Le Yingying , Gong Weijuan , Ju Jihui , Zhang Guangliang , Ji Pengxiang , Zuo Rui , Liu Zhe , Zhang Ping , Hou Ruixing , Fu Yi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProliferation and migration of epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) are essential for epithelialization during skin wound healing. Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) has been reported to play an important role in wound healing, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Here we investigate the contribution of ANGPTL4 to full-thickness wound re-epithelialization and the underlying mechanisms usingAngptl4knockout mice. Immunohistochemical staining reveals that ANGPTL4 is significantly upregulated in the basal layer cells of the epidermis around the wound during cutaneous wound healing. ANGPTL4 deficiency impairs wound healing. H & E staining shows that ANGPTL4 deficiency significantly reduces the thickness, length and area of regenerated epidermis postwounding. Immunohistochemical staining for markers of EpSCs (α6 integrin and β1 integrin) and cell proliferation (PCNA) shows that the number and proliferation of EpSCs in the basal layer of the epidermis are reduced in ANGPTL4-deficient mice. In vitro studies show that ANGPTL4 deficiency impedes EpSC proliferation, causes cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and reduced the expression of cyclins D1 and A2, which can be reversed by ANGPTL4 overexpression. ANGPTL4 deletion suppresses EpSC migration, which is also rescued by ANGPTL4 overexpression. Overexpression of ANGPTL4 in EpSCs accelerates cell proliferation and migration. Collectively, our results indicate that ANGPTL4 promotes EpSCs proliferation by upregulating cyclins D1 and A2 expression and accelerating cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase, and ANGPTL4 promotes skin wound re-epithelialization by stimulating EpSC proliferation and migration. Our study reveals a novel mechanism underlying EpSC activation and re-epithelialization during cutaneous wound healing.
A novel method for multiple phenotype association studies based on genotype and phenotype network
Authors: Cao Xuewei , Zhang Shuanglin , Sha Qiuying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractJoint analysis of multiple correlated phenotypes for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can identify and interpret pleiotropic loci which are essential to understand pleiotropy in diseases and complex traits. Meanwhile, constructing a network based on associations between phenotypes and genotypes provides a new insight to analyze multiple phenotypes, which can explore whether phenotypes and genotypes might be related to each other at a higher level of cellular and organismal organization. In this paper, we first develop a bipartite signed network by linking phenotypes and genotypes into a Genotype and Phenotype Network (GPN). The GPN can be constructed by a mixture of quantitative and qualitative phenotypes and is applicable to binary phenotypes with extremely unbalanced case-control ratios in large-scale biobank datasets. We then apply a powerful community detection method to partition phenotypes into disjoint network modules based on GPN. Finally, we jointly test the association between multiple phenotypes in a network module and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Simulations and analyses of 72 complex traits in the UK Biobank show that multiple phenotype association tests based on network modules detected by GPN are much more powerful than those without considering network modules. The newly proposed GPN provides a new insight to investigate the genetic architecture among different types of phenotypes. Multiple phenotypes association studies based on GPN are improved by incorporating the genetic information into the phenotype clustering. Notably, it might broaden the understanding of genetic architecture that exists between diagnoses, genes, and pleiotropy.
Fear conditioning biases olfactory stem cell receptor fate
Authors: Liff Clara W. , Ayman Yasmine R. , Jaeger Eliza C.B. , Lee Hudson S. , Kim Alexis , Albarracín Angélica Viña , Marlin Bianca Jones 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe main olfactory epithelium initiates the process of odor encoding. Recent studies have demonstrated intergenerationally inherited changes in the olfactory system in response to fear conditioning, resulting in increases in olfactory receptor frequencies and altered responses to odors. We investigated changes in the morphology of the olfactory epithelium in response to an aversive stimulus. Here, we achieve volumetric cellular resolution to demonstrate that olfactory fear conditioning increases the number of odor-encoding neurons in mice that experience odor-shock conditioning (F0),as well as their offspring(F1). We provide evidence that increases in F0 were due to biased stem cell receptor choice. Thus, we reveal dynamic regulation of the olfactory epithelium receptor composition in response to olfactory fear conditioning, providing insight into the heritability of acquired phenotypes.Graphical AbstractOne-Sentence SummaryOdor-shock pairing is inherited by naïve offspring and biases neurogenesis in the nose.HighlightsOlfactory fear conditioning leads to an increase in conditioned-odor-responsive cells in parents (F0) that is heritable (F1)Increase in conditioned-odor-responsive cells is sustained through at least 9 weeks of cell turnover in the main olfactory epitheliumOlfactory fear conditioning in F0 biases neurogenesis specifically toward conditioned-odor responsive cell fate
Chemogenetic activation of corticotropin-releasing factor-expressing neurons in the anterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis reduces effortful motivation behaviors
Authors: Maita Isabella , Bazer Allyson , Chae Kiyeon , Parida Amlaan , Mirza Mikyle , Sucher Jillian , Phan Mimi , Liu Tonia , Hu Pu , Soni Ria , Roepke Troy A. , Samuels Benjamin A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCorticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the anterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (aBNST) is associated with chronic stress and avoidance behavior. However, CRF+ BNST neurons project to reward- and motivation-related brain regions, suggesting a potential role in motivated behavior. We used chemogenetics to selectively activate CRF+ aBNST neurons in male and female CRF-ires-Cre mice during an effort-related choice task and a concurrent choice task. In both tasks, mice were given the option either to exert effort for high value rewards or to choose freely available low value rewards. Acute chemogenetic activation of CRF+ aBNST neurons reduced barrier climbing for a high value reward in the effort-related choice task in both males and females. Furthermore, acute activation of CRF+ aBNST neurons also reduced effortful lever pressing in high-performing males in the concurrent choice task. These data suggest a novel role for CRF+ aBNST neurons in effort-based decision and motivated behavior.
A mechanistic simulation of molecular cell states over time
Authors: Erbe Rossin , Stein-O’Brien Genevieve , Fertig Elana 
Published: February 2023

AbstractComputer simulations of cell behaviors and dynamics allow for investigation of aspects of cellular biology with a ground truth that is currently difficult or impossible to generate from experimentally generated profiling data. Here, we present a mechanistic simulation of cell states that models the stochastic interactions of molecules revealing the DNA accessibility, RNA expression, and protein expression state of a simulated cell and how these states evolve over time. By designing each component to correspond to a specific biological molecule or parameter, the simulation becomes highly interpretable. From the simulated cells generated, we explore the importance of parameters such as splicing and degradation rates of genes on RNA and protein expression, demonstrating that perturbing these parameters leads to changes in long term gene and protein expression levels. We observe that the expression levels of corresponding RNA and proteins are not necessarily well correlated and identify mechanistic explanations that may help explain the similar phenomenon that has been observed in real cells. We evaluate whether the RNA data output from the simulation provides sufficient information to reconstruct the underlying regulatory relationships between genes. While predictive relationships can be inferred, direct causal regulatory relationships between genes cannot be reliably distinguished from other predictive relationships between genes arising independently from a direct regulatory mechanism. We observe the same inability to robustly distinguish causal gene regulatory relationships using simulated data from the simpler BoolODE model, suggesting this may be a limitation to the identifiability of network inference.
ThelasandrhlQuorum Sensing Systems inPseudomonas aeruginosaForm a Multi-Signal Reciprocal Network Which Can Tune Reactivity to Variations in Physical and Social Environments
Authors: Thomas Stephen , El-Zayat Ayatollah Samir , Gurney James , Rattray Jennifer , Brown Sam P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractResearchers often view the multi-signal quorum sensing systems ofPseudomonas aeruginosaas a hierarchy, topped by thelassystem which acts as a master regulator. By experimentally controlling the concentration of auto-inducer signals in a signal null strain (PAO1ΔlasIΔrhlI), we show that the two primary quorum sensing systems—lasandrhl—act reciprocally rather than hierarchically. Just as thelassystem’s 3-oxo-C12-HSL can induce increased expression ofrhlI, therhlsystem’s C4-HSL increases the expression level oflasI. We develop a mathematical model to quantify relationships both within and between thelasandrhlquorum sensing systems and the downstream genes they influence. The results show that not only do the systems interact reciprocally, but they do so cooperatively and nonlinearly, with the combination of C4-HSL and 3-oxo-C12-HSL increasing expression level far more than the sum of their individual effects. We computationally assess how our parameterized model responds to variation in social (population density) and physical (mass transfer) environment and demonstrate that a reciprocal architecture is more responsive to density and more robust to mass transfer than a strict hierarchy.
Replay as a basis for backpropagation through time in the brain
Authors: Cheng Huzi , Brown Joshua W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHow episodic memories are formed in the brain is an outstanding puzzle for the neuroscience community. The brain areas that are critical for episodic learning (e.g., the hippocampus) are characterized by recurrent connectivity and generate frequent offline replay events. The function of the replay events is a subject of active debate. Recurrent connectivity, computational simulations show, enables sequence learning when combined with a suitable learning algorithm such asBackpropagation through time(BPTT). BPTT, however, is not biologically plausible. We describe here, for the first time, a biologically plausible variant of BPTT in a reversible recurrent neural network, R2N2, that critically leverages offline-replay to support episodic learning. The model uses forwards and backwards offline replay to transfer information between two recurrent neural networks, acacheand aconsolidator,that perform rapid one-shot learning and statistical learning, respectively. Un-like replay in standard BPTT, this architecture requires no artificial external memory store. This architecture and approach outperform existing solutions and account for the functional significance to hippocampal replay events. We demonstrate the R2N2 network properties using benchmark tests from computer science and simulate the rodent delayed alternation T-maze task.