bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifecycle climate impact and primary energy use of electric and biofuel cargo trucks
Authors: Sathre Roger , Gustavsson Leif 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHeavy trucks contribute significantly to climate change, and in 2020 were responsible for 7% of total Swedish GHG emissions and 5% of total global CO2emissions. Here we study the full lifecycle of cargo trucks powered by different energy pathways, comparing their biomass feedstock use, primary energy use, net biogenic and fossil CO2emission and cumulative radiative forcing. We analyse battery electric trucks with bioelectricity from stand‐alone or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, and pathways where bioelectricity is integrated with wind and solar electricity. We analyse trucks operated on fossil diesel fuel and on dimethyl ether (DME). All energy pathways are analysed with and without carbon capture and storage (CCS). Bioelectricity and DME are produced from forest harvest residues. Forest biomass is a limited resource, so in a scenario analysis we allocate a fixed amount of biomass to power Swedish truck transport. Battery lifespan and chemistry, the technology level of energy supply, and the biomass source and transport distance are all varied to understand how sensitive the results are to these parameters. We find that pathways using electricity to power battery electric trucks have much lower climate impacts and primary energy use, compared to diesel‐ and DME‐based pathways. The pathways using bioelectricity with CCS result in negative emissions leading to global cooling of the earth. The pathways using diesel and DME have significant and very similar climate impact, even with CCS. The robust results show that truck electrification and increased renewable electricity production is a much better strategy to reduce the climate impact of cargo transport than the adoption of DME trucks, and much more primary energy efficient. This climate impact analysis includes all fossil and net biogenic CO2emissions as well as the timing of these emissions. Considering only fossil emissions is incomplete and could be misleading.
Anatomical site and size of sentinel lymph node metastasis predicted additional axillary tumour burden and breast cancer survival
Authors: Lai Billy Shui‐Wun , Tsang Julia Y , Li Joshua J , Poon Ivan K , Tse Gary M 
Published: February 2023

AimsSentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is the current standard assessment for tumour burden in axillary lymph node (ALN). However, not all SLN+ patients have ALN metastasis. The prognostic implication of SLN features is not clear. We aimed to evaluate predictive factors for ALN metastasis and the clinical value of SLN features.Methods and resultsA total of 228 SLN+ and 228 SLN– (with matched year and grade) cases were included. Clinicopathological features in SLN, ALN and primary tumours, treatment data and survival data were analysed according to ALN status and outcome. Except for larger tumour size and the presence of LVI (both P < 0.001), no significant differences were found in SLN– and SLN+ cases. Only 31.8% of SLN+ cases with ALN dissection had ALN metastasis. The presence of macrometastases (MaM), extranodal extension (ENE), deeper level of tumour invasion in SLN and more SLN+ nodes were associated with ALN metastasis (P ≤ 0.025). Moreover, isolated tumour cells (ITC) and level of tumour invasion in SLN were independent adverse prognostic features for disease‐free survival and breast cancer‐specific survival, respectively. Interestingly, cases with ITC located in the subcapsular region have better survival than those in cortex (OS: χ2 = 4.046, P = 0.044).ConclusionsOur study identified features in SLN, i.e. the level of tumour invasion at SLN and tumour size in SLN as useful predictors for both ALN metastasis and breast cancer outcome. The presence of ITC, particularly those with a deeper invasion in SLN, portended a worse prognosis. Proper attention should be taken for their management.
Hydrogeochemistry and geothermometry of the Ilgın geothermal field, Central Turkey
Authors: Bayram Ali Ferat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Ilgın geothermal field that is the oldest and most important spa of the Konya Region is located in Central Turkey. The Ilgın geothermal field has five geothermal wells and three hot water springs with flow rates of 40–130 L/s, temperatures 26–42°C and depths of 120–300 m. In the present study, detailed hydrogeochemical investigations are carried out to understand the geothermal energy potential of the thermal waters. The chemical properties of the cold and hot waters collected from the field were determined and the classification and usage possibilities of the waters were investigated. The thermal well water samples have the same Cl, B and Li concentrations in rainy and dry seasons, but those of the other samples are variable in rainy and dry seasons. This suggests the surface water mixtures were constant in hot water wells or that the precipitation times were long. In the Li‐Rb‐Cs diagram, the Li/Cs ratios of hot waters are 6.53–8.61 in the rainy period and 6.28–8.47 in the dry period, indicating that they are derived from acidic rocks. According to their isotopic composition, it can be said that the waters are of meteoric origin. According to the Langelier, the Ryznar and the Puckorius Saturation Indexes, the waters can precipitate carbonate. The waters interacted with gypsum and anhydrite zones based on the Halite Saturation Index, while the waters are associated with dolomite‐rich rocks in terms of the Dolomite Saturation Index. Silica and cation geothermometers except Na‐K applicated to the Ilgın geothermal waters yielded similar reservoir temperature estimates (e.g., 13–76°C for rainy period, 10–80°C for dry period). However, reservoir temperature from the other estimates (Na‐K geothermometers, enthalpy‐chloride diagram and enthalpy‐silica mixture model) are higher than 103°C. Taken as whole, the temperature estimates exhibit little agreement between the different geothermometry calculations suggesting that the Ilgın geothermal waters represent immature waters, and water‐rock equilibrium in the geothermal reservoir was not fully attained.
Examining coping and acculturative stress as mediators between perceived discrimination and internalising symptoms among African immigrants
Authors: Saasa Sherinah , Ward Kaitlin P. , Jacobson Justin , Hill Rebekah L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examined whether avoidant coping behaviours and acculturative stress functioned as mechanisms linking perceived discrimination to internalising mental health symptoms among African immigrants living in the United States. We used cross‐sectional data collected between December 2019 and January 2020 from US‐based first and second‐generation African immigrants (N = 599, 50% first‐generation, 82% Black, 71% female, mean age = 30). Path modelling was performed to examine the mediating role of avoidant coping and acculturative stress on the relationship between perceived discrimination and internalising symptoms. Results showed that perceived discrimination was related to internalising symptoms via avoidant coping and acculturative stress (specifically social and environmental stress). These results provide support that coping strategies and acculturative stress are likely important micro‐level mechanisms by which the discrimination‐mental health association persists. Implications and recommendations for prevention and intervention to reduce negative impacts of perceived discrimination on immigrant mental health are discussed.
Protein biomarkers for response to XPO1 inhibition in haematologic malignancies
Authors: Totiger Tulasigeri M. , Chaudhry Sana , Musi Elgilda , Afaghani Jumana , Montoya Skye , Owusu‐Ansah Frank , Lee Stanley , Schwartz Gary , Klimek Virginia , Taylor Justin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractXPO1 (Exportin‐1) is the nuclear export protein responsible for the normal shuttling of several proteins and RNA species between the nucleocytoplasmic compartment of eukaryotic cells. XPO1 recognizes the nuclear export signal (NES) of its cargo proteins to facilitate its export. Alterations of nuclear export have been shown to play a role in oncogenesis in several types of solid tumour and haematologic cancers. Over more than a decade, there has been substantial progress in targeting nuclear export in cancer using selective XPO1 inhibitors. This has resulted in recent approval for the first‐in‐class drug selinexor for use in relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Despite these successes, not all patients respond effectively to XPO1 inhibition and there has been lack of biomarkers for response to XPO1 inhibitors in the clinic. Using haematologic malignancy cell lines and samples from patients with myelodysplastic neoplasms treated with selinexor, we have identified XPO1, NF‐κB(p65), MCL‐1 and p53 protein levels as protein markers of response to XPO1 inhibitor therapy. These markers could lead to the identification of response upon XPO1 inhibition for more accurate decision‐making in the personalized treatment of cancer patients undergoing treatment with selinexor.
Recurrence and risk factors in cured patients with vitiligo: A real‐life single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Xu Wei , Qiu Zhijin , Li Chaolan , Wang Yuyi , Lin Mao , Liu Yi , Wen Yating , Zheng Wenhao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe risk of recurrence after successful repigmentation in vitiligo has attracted attention from both patients and clinicians.ObjectivesThe recurrence rate and risk factors in cured patients with vitiligo were analyzed to improve clinical prevention and treatment.MethodsClinical records of 76 patients with vitiligo who demonstrated at least 80% repigmentation were analyzed retrospectively. Single‐factor analysis of variance and binary logistic regression analysis was employed to screen the risk factors of vitiligo recurrence.ResultsAmong the 76 cured patients, 26 relapsed (total recurrence rate of 34.2%). Among these, 20 relapsed within one year (recurrence rate of 26.3%). Single‐factor analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) with the age of onset (yr), distribution of onset, and oral traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) intake between the recurrence and nonrecurrence groups. Binary logistic regression analysis displayed that the age of onset (yr) (p = 0.015, OR = 1.051), distribution of onset (p = 0.046, OR = 0.194), and oral TCM (p = 0.018, OR = 4.360) are significant risk factors for vitiligo recurrence.ConclusionA total relapse rate of 34.2% was observed in cured vitiligo patients. The age of onset (yr), distribution of onset, and oral TCM are risk factors for vitiligo recurrence. The necessary interventions should be considered on these factors for reducing the recurrence rate of vitiligo.
Intermittent versus continuous control of tracheal cuff pressure in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Qin , Yu Xuemei , Chen Yidan , He Qin , Zhu Biyun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects and safety of intermittent versus continuous control of cuff pressure in patients with mechanical ventilation.BackgroundTracheal cuff pressure management is vital to the prognosis of patients with mechanical ventilation.DesignA meta‐analysis.MethodsThis meta‐analysis was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA checklist. We searched Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, BMJ Best Practice, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations, as well as the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang, and China national knowledge infrastructure databases up to 5 August 2022 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the intermittent versus continuous control of cuff pressure. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for relevant data analysis.ResultsA total of 18 RCTs involving 1998 patients with mechanical ventilation were included. The synthesised outcomes indicated that continuous control of cuff pressure is beneficial to reduce the incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) [RR = 0.41, 95%CI (0.35, 0.49)], aspiration [RR = 0.36, 95%CI (0.21, 0.63)], duration of mechanical ventilation [MD = ‐3.23, 95%CI (−4.66, −1.79)], length of ICU stay [MD = ‐4.12, 95%CI (−5.40, −2.83)], and increase the volume of subglottic drainage [MD = 18.54, 95%CI (16.50, 20.58)]. There was no significant difference in the mortality between two groups [RR = 1.01, 95%CI (0.84, 1.21)]. Egger regression analyses showed that there were no obvious publication biases in the synthesised results (all p > .05).ConclusionsExisting evidence shows that compared with intermittent monitoring of cuff pressure, continuous monitoring of cuff pressure can reduce the occurrence of aspiration and VAP, shorten the patient's duration of mechanical ventilation and length of ICU stay.Relevance to Clinical PracticeContinuous monitoring of cuff pressure is more beneficial and should be promoted in clinical nursing care of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.
Thyroid function and long‐term outcomes of children born to mothers with Graves' disease: A 20‐year review
Authors: Sakornyutthadej Natee , Mahachoklertwattana Pat , Poomthavorn Preamrudee 
Published: February 2023

AimThyroid dysfunction in infants born to mothers with Graves' disease (GD) is influenced by maternal factors including thyroid status, thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody (TRAb) concentration and antithyroid drug use. Thyroid dysfunction during early life could affect growth and development later in life. The aim of this study is to evaluate thyroid function tests (TFTs), and long‐term growth and development of children born to mothers with GD.MethodsA retrospective chart review of children born to mothers with GD at the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, between January 2000 and December 2019 was performed. Clinical data including age of children at enrolment, sex, gestational age, birthweight, maternal thyroid status, maternal TRAb level, maternal GD treatment during pregnancy, neonatal TSH screening and TFT results, and growth and development outcomes of children were collected.ResultsThere were 262 children (148 males) enrolled. Twelve (4%) infants had neonatal GD. Five (2%) infants had hypothyroidism requiring levothyroxine treatment: four had secondary hypothyroidism and one patient had congenital primary hypothyroidism. Seven (3%) infants had transient TSH elevation, which fell to normal by 2 weeks of age. The remaining 238 children had normal TFT results. Three out of 12 children with neonatal GD had either delayed growth or development.ConclusionsA number of infants born to mothers with GD had abnormal TFTs requiring specific management, and some of them had abnormal growth and development. Careful evaluation of TFTs and long‐term follow‐up are mandatory for those children.
Microbial species from multiple maternal body sites shape the developing giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) cub gut microbiome
Authors: Guo Wei , Ren Ke , Ning Ruihong , Li Caiwu , Zhang Yu , Gan Yunong , Fu Xiaoyan , Xiao Cenjun , Pang Yaoyu , Cheng Lei , Zhang Siyuan , Li Desheng , Zhao Jiangchao , Dai Min , Li Ying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe gut microbiome of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) plays a vital role in nutrient acquisition from its specialized bamboo diet. Giant panda cubs harbour significantly different gut microbiota during their growth and development when feeding on milk before switching to bamboo. The fetal gut is sterile, and following birth, mother‐to‐infant microbial transmission has been implicated as a seeding source for the infant gut microbiota. Details of this transmission in giant pandas remain unclear. In this study, faecal samples were collected from seven panda mother–cub pairs when the cubs were 4–16 months old. Additional samples from the cubs' diet, soil and drinking water, and multiple body sites of the mothers were collected. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing were performed to determine the source and potential transmission routes of the cub gut microbiome. Source tracking analysis showed that maternal vagina, milk and faeces were the primary contributory sources of microbes, shaping the cub gut microbiome. Bacterial species from maternal faeces persisted the longest in the cub gut. Bacterial species in the diet contributed to the microbial community. Metagenomics analysis indicated that the predicted metabolic pathways of the gut microbiome also varied at different growth stages. Gut colonization with bacteria from various body sites of the mothers provides a foundational microbial community that is beneficial in fulfilling the evolving dietary needs of the cubs. This study suggests that mother‐to‐cub transmission is indispensable in shaping the gut microbiome of the developing panda cub.
Possible association of crossed cerebellar diaschisis with cerebellar ataxia in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Kataoka Yuko , Nakamura Masataka , Kunieda Takenobu , Kaneko Satoshi , Mizuta Ikuko , Mizuno Toshiki , Yakushiji Yusuke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report a 50‐year‐old man with no history of stroke or migraine, who developed progressive gait ataxia and dementia. MRI showed diffuse leukoencephalopathy, multiple lacunar lesions, and cerebellar atrophy. Ischemic lesions were absent in the cerebellum. On SPECT, crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) was seen. Genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis of cerebral autosomal‐dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) with a heterozygous NOTCH3 mutation p.Arg182Cys. His cerebellar dysfunction may have been caused by CCD due to interruption of cerebral‐cerebellar connections. Our case showed that CCD could be important for cerebellar function in CADASIL.
Comparing children's, teenagers' and young adults' subjective responses to myopia control contact lenses
Authors: Tahhan Nina , Naduvilath Thomas , Tilia Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionMyopia control (MC) studies in children link efficacy with subjective performance. There is little MC research in teenagers and young adults. This study compared subjective experience of MC contact lenses in different age groups.MethodsData were retrospectively reviewed from two double‐masked, bilateral wear, crossover contact lens clinical trials (myopia −0.75D to −3.50D and <1.00 DC; 9–35 years). Participants wore two novel lenses (MC lenses with relative peripheral plus [+1.50D and +2.50D]) and a single‐vision (SV) control lens (Clariti® 1 day) for 1 week each. All lenses were made from Somofilcon A material. Data collected included visual acuity (VA), wearing time, subjective ratings of comfort, distance and near vision clarity and overall vision. Generalised estimating equations with subject random intercepts and identity link functions were used in the analysis.ResultsA total of 31 participants (10 children, 11 teenagers and 10 adults) were included, with no difference between the age groups for VA with the dispensed lenses (p > 0.05). All groups could discriminate between the SV and MC lenses for vision (distance, near and overall) after 1 week (p < 0.05). There was no difference between groups for comfort or distance and near vision. Children rated the overall vision quality higher than teenagers and adults for both SV and MC lenses (p < 0.05), but there was no difference relative to the SV lens between groups (p > 0.50). Daily wear time was lowest for children for all lens types (all p < 0.02). Wear time was positively associated with ratings of overall vision quality for children and young adults (both p < 0.05).ConclusionAll age groups rated SV lenses higher than MC lenses. Subjective ratings of MC lenses appear similar between age groups relative to SV lenses. Wear time was lowest in children and was correlated with overall vision quality ratings in children and young adults.
Role of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Complex in Spinal Deformity Secondary to Surgical Resection of the Intradural Tumor
Authors: Yin Xiang , Luo Keyu , Jin Yufei , Liu Yaoyao , Wang Yinbo , Liu Mingyong , Liu Peng 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveIn most cases, complete resection of the intradural tumor is accompanied by long‐term neurological complications. Postoperative spinal deformity is the most common complication after surgical resection of intradural tumors, and posterior longitudinal ligament complex (PLC) plays an important role in postoperative spinal deformity. In this study, we investigated the role of PLC in spinal deformity after the surgical treatment of intradural tumors.MethodsWe analyzed the data of 218 consecutive patients who underwent intradural tumor resection from 2000 to 2018 in this retrospective study. Before 2010, patients underwent laminoplasty without maintaining the integrity of PLC (laminoplasty group, n = 155). After 2010, patients performed single‐port laminoplasty to maintain the integrity of PLC (laminoplasty retain posterior ligament complex group, n = 63). The score of quality of life, painful cortex, spinal cord movement, progressive kyphosis or scoliosis, perioperative morbidity, and neurological results were analyzed in the laminoplasty group and laminoplasty retain posterior ligament complex group. The distributed variable was shown as mean ± standard deviation and an independent t‐test or one‐way analysis of variance was calculated.ResultsThere are 155 patients (71.1%) included in the laminoplasty group, and 63 patients (28.9%) in the laminoplasty retain posterior ligament complex group. The average age of patients was 42 ± 2.3 years, and the average modified McCormick score was 2. There were 158 (72.4%) patients with intramedullary tumors and 115 (52.7%) patients with extramedullary tumors. The length of hospital stays (8 days vs. 6 days; p = 0.023) and discharge to inpatient rehabilitation (48.4% vs. 26.9%; p = 0.012) were significantly lower in the laminoplasty retain posterior ligament complex group than the laminoplasty group. There was no significant difference in the risk of progressive deformity between the two groups at 18 months after surgery (relative risk 0.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43–1.25; p = 0.258) and at 20 months after surgery (relative risk 0.24; 95% CI 0.21–2.1).ConclusionLaminoplasty retains posterior ligament complex showed no impact on the spinal deformities compared with laminoplasty, but significantly improved the postoperative spinal activity, alleviated pain symptoms, and reduced hospital recovery time.
A novel and efficient method for identifying cotton leafroll dwarf virus infection in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Authors: DeSalvio Serina M. , Cheek Brianna L. , Vaughn Robert N. , Alabi Olufemi J. , Holme John E. , Jain Nisha , Stelly David M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report the development of a novel and more efficient, rapid, cost‐effective and simple technique than current PCR‐based identification methods for screening cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) plants for the presence of cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV). This protocol takes advantage of the PACE (PCR Allele Competitive Extension) system and uses PCR amplification of cDNA, coupled with sequence‐specific fluorescent probes to differentiate between infected and uninfected cotton plants. This procedure has the potential for application in detection of other RNA viruses in a variety of other crops, by using primers specific for the RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) gene and a widely conserved housekeeping gene in the host organism; in this case, the G. hirsutum polyubiquitin gene (GhUB).