bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thirst or dry mouth in dying patients?—A qualitative study of palliative care physicians’ experiences
Authors: Friedrichsen Maria , Lythell Caroline , Jaarsma Tiny , Jaarsma Pier , Ångström Helene , Milovanovic Micha , Karlsson Marit , Milberg Anna , Thulesius Hans , Hedman Christel , Waldréus Nana , Söderlund Schaller Anne 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Thirst and dry mouth are common symptoms among patients at the end of life. In palliative care today, there is a focus on mouth care to alleviate thirst. There are no qualitative studies on thirst from a physician’s experience, which is why this study is needed.

Purpose
This study aimed to explore palliative care physicians’ experiences and views of thirst in patients at the end of life.

Methods
A qualitative interview study with an inductive approach was carried out. Sixteen physicians working in specialised palliative care units in Sweden were included. The interviews were analysed with a reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
The analysis resulted in three basic assumptions regarding thirst: It is dry mouth, not thirst; patients are dry in their mouth and thirsty; and, I do not know if they are thirsty. Further, four different themes regarding how to relieve thirst appeared: drips will not help thirst but cause harm; the body takes care of thirst itself; drips might help thirst; and, mouth care to relieve thirst or dry mouth.

Conclusions
The palliative care physicians had different experiences regarding thirst, from thirst never arising, to a lack of awareness. They thought good mouth care worked well to alleviate the feeling of thirst and dry mouth. Most physicians did not want to give patients drips, while some did. This study indicates that there are many unanswered questions when it comes to thirst at end-of-life and that further research is needed.
Strength analysis of marine biaxial warp-knitted glass fabrics as composite laminations for ship material
Authors: Ma’ruf Buana , Ismail Abdi , Purnama Sari Dian , Sujiatanti Septia Hardy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRP) composite materials for ships that are widely used are marine-grade unsaturated polyester resin matrix and combimat fiber, a combination of marine-grade chopped strand mat (CSM) and woven roving (WR) fibers. Although less popular than marine CSM–WR, marine biaxial warp-knitted glass fabrics have the potential to be applied as fiber laminates for ship hull materials. A comparative study of tensile and bending strength between marine CSM–WR composite and marine CSM–biaxial composite had been conducted. All composites met the criteria of the Indonesian Classification Bureau. Specifically, the CSM–biaxial had higher tensile and flexural strength with fewer laminations than the CSM–WR. Laminate type II had the highest average normalized tensile and flexural strength, 186.1 and 319.2 MPa. A layer of biaxial fiberglass had a very significant effect on tensile and flexural strength. Besides its strength, fewer type II laminations can speed up the production process of FRP ship hulls. Furthermore, the CSM–biaxial composite had relatively high normalized flexural strength compared to other references. However, the normalized tensile strength achieved in this study was at an intermediate level compared to other references.
Cognitive discourse during a group quiz activity in a blended learning organic chemistry course
Authors: Ballard Joy , Gamage Sujani , Winfield Leyte , Mooring Suazette 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Student-centered approaches are critical to improving outcomes in STEM courses. Collaborative learning, in particular, allows students to co-construct understanding of concepts and refine their skills in analyzing and applying information. For collaborative learning to be effective, groups must engage in productive dialogue. The work reported here characterizes the quality of dialogue during group quizzes in a first-semester organic chemistry course. The group quiz sessions were video and audio recorded. The recordings were transcribed and coded using the Interactive, Constructive, Active, Passive (ICAP) framework. The quiz prompts were analyzed using Marzano’s taxonomy. In this study, students within the group demonstrated varying degrees of interactional quality as defined by the ICAP framework. Our data also indicate that the level of constructive and interactive dialogue is highest and most consistent when prompts are at Marzano Level 3 or higher. Marzano Level 3 prompts required students to compare and contrast concepts or extend their understanding of concepts by developing an analogy. Any benefit derived from collaborative learning depends on the quality of dialogue during the group discussion. Implications of these results for research and teaching are offered.
Effect of laser energy density on surface morphology, microstructure and mechanical behaviour of direct metal laser melted 17-4 PH stainless steel
Authors: Kumar S. Pradeep , Babu P. Dinesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The surface and microstructural characteristics of 3D printed parts play a significant role under mechanical loading. The authors have explored the effect of laser energy densities on the surface morphology, microstructure and mechanical behaviour of 17-4 precipitation hardened stainless steel fabricated under the direct metal laser melting technique. The considered processing parameters were laser energy density and its technical parameters: laser power, layer thickness, hatch spacing and scanning speed. The mechanical and metallurgical properties of the as-printed samples appeared better than the wrought counterpart due to the higher densification level (99.74 %) induced by the rotating scanning strategy. X‐ray diffraction revealed the presence of both the martensitic α phase and austenitic γ phase in the as-printed sample. There is no significant anisotropy in the mechanical behaviour as the build direction has a random texture with a fine columnar grain structure. The high laser energy density with low layer thickness results in an excellent surface finish. The tensile strength (1180 MPa) and the elongation for the as-printed sample (45.0 %) were considerably more significant than that for the wrought sample (1160 MPa and 26.0 %), which is attributed to the combination of low and high-angle boundaries, as confirmed by the electron backscatter diffraction results.
Design study of small modular gas-cooled fast reactor employing modified CANDLE burnup with radial direction shuffling scheme
Authors: Irka Feriska Handayani , Su’ud Zaki , Irwanto Dwi , Khotimah Siti Nurul , Sekimoto Hiroshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Design Study of Small Modular Gas-cooled Fast Reactors Employing Modified CANDLE Burnup with Radial Direction Shuffling Scheme has been performed with the power level 325–525 MWt. In this study Modified CANDLE burn-up scheme with radial direction shuffling has been employed with special attention to minimize reactivity swing during burn-up. The reactor cores are divided into 10 regions with equal volume in radial direction. The shuffling scheme of Modified CANDLE in radial direction can be described as follows. The natural uranium input is initially loaded in region 1. After 10 years of burnup the fuel in region 1 is shifter to region 2, the fuel in region 2 is shifted to region 3, etc. till the fuel of region 9 is shifter to region 10. The fuel from region 10 is taken out. Region 1–5 basically breeding zones in which plutonium is accumulated in fuels, while regions 5–10 have enough accumulated plutonium so that they contribute significantly to the power production. We call region 5–10 as burning zone. Nitride fuel is adopted as fuel in this study. Some parametric studies have been performed including variation of core height and power level. The neutronic calculations have been performed using the SRAC 2006 code with JENDL 4.0 nuclear data library. The optimized result shows the reactor could be operated 10 years continuously with maximum excess reactivity less than 1 % Δk/k for 500 MWt output power, 160 cm core active height and 110 cm core active radius.
The artificial intelligence pharma era after “Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer”
Authors: Xie Zhengwei , Hu Gangqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe era of advanced artificial intelligence has arrived with the development of chatbots like ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer). As described by Ouyang et al. (2022), ChatGPT demonstrates an impressive ability to generate human-like responses and solve practical problems, surpassing original expectations for its capabilities. The rapid release and adoption of ChatGPT signals a new phase in AI development, powered by large language models that can be fine-tuned through human feedback. However, risks remain regarding how such powerful models may be misused. Further research is needed to ensure safe and ethical deployment of these transformative technologies.
Managing type 1 diabetes mellitus with a ketogenic diet
Authors: Gardemann Clemens , Knowles Sonja , Marquardt Thorsten 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Traditional guidelines for type 1 diabetics do not restrict carbohydrates to improve clinical outcomes for patients. This paper highlights the favorable blood glucose control outcomes when a type 1 diabetic focuses on caloric intake from protein and healthy fats instead of the traditional carbohydrate-focused meals. We followed a male type 1 diabetic in his 20s adopting a ketogenic diet through a process of slowly lowering total daily carbohydrate intake. Diabetes-related biomarkers were measured throughout the process. Diabetes-related biomarkers saw massive improvements and ended up in the official non-diabetic range. Total daily insulin requirements dropped by 70%. The patient also experienced great improvements in his quality of life. This study demonstrates the possibility of improving diabetes-related biomarkers through dietary changes, which have positive effects on health outcomes in patients living with this disease.

Learning points

The adaptation of a ketogenic diet improved diabetes-related biomarkers in this patient.

Diabetes-related biomarkers, such as HbA1c, are the main risk factors for developing complications in diabetics.

The ketogenic diet is a feasible approach to minimizing the risk of developing complications in diabetics.

Total daily insulin requirements dropped by 67% adapting a ketogenic diet.

The patient experienced enormous changes in the quality of life after adapting to the new diet.

The safe and physiological state of ketosis might be associated with additional benefits for the patient
Analyzing barium titanate TiO2 surface interactions with tert-butylphosphonic acid using density functional theory
Authors: Marvin Jessica , Nicholson James , Turek Cedar , Iwasa Erina , Pangrekar Nilay , Fowler Whitney C. , Van Ginhoven Renee , Monson Todd C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBarium titanate (BTO) is a widely researched ferroelectric useful for energy storage. While BTO’s surface chemistry is commonly studied using density functional theory, little has been published on the TiO2 surface. Here, we determined that BTO’s surface response can be decoupled from the ferroelectric response by using a pre-optimized ferroelectric slab and allowing only the top three atomic z-layers to respond to ligand binding. Multiple favorable binding modes were identified for hydrogen, hydroxyl, water, and tert-butyl phosphonic acid on BTO’s TiO2 surface. Of these ligands, tBuPA dominates surface binding with binding energies as low as − 2.61 eV for its nine configurations.
Graphical abstract
INDONESIAN INHERITANCE SYSTEM BASED ON ISLAMIC LAW, CIVIL CODE, MATRILINEAL CUSTOMS, AND GENDER EQUALITY PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Gusti Malayudha Achmad , Sari Widya , Asiandu Angga Puja 
Published: August 2023

In this article, the author discussed the inheritance system in Indonesia. The inheritance distribution system in Indonesia is based on Islamic law, civil code, and customary law. On the other hand, gender equality activists have their perspectives regarding the justice of the distribution system based on the proportion received by men and women. Based on the discussion, it was known that there are similarities and differences among Indonesian inheritance distribution systems. Each of the systems regulates that the testator must die and the main heirs are blood-related to the decedent. In Islam law, men receive more than a woman with a ratio of 2:1 due to men’s responsibility to their family. Meanwhile, the proportion between men and women regulated by the Indonesian civil code is equal. In Minangkabau matrilineal customary law, as a system based on the mother's lineage, the proportion of inheritance is distinguished between high inheritance and low inheritance. The high inheritance will be given to the woman and the low inheritance will be shared equally between men and women. However, some gender equality activists might see those proportions as a form of injustice. But, each of the systems has its perspective regarding justice.
Black Soldier Fly (<I>Hermetia illucens</I>) Oil Inclusion and its Effects on Growth Performances in Common Carp (<I>Cyprinus carpio</I>)
Authors: Herawati Vivi Endar , Jayanti Heni Tri , Elfitasari Tita , Putro Sapto Purnomo , Windarto Seto 
Published: August 2023

Highlight Research

Use of maggot oil as an addition to feed can increase the level of feed consumption of carp.
The addition of maggot oil ( illucens) had a significant effect (P<0.05) on TFC, FCR, FUE, SGR, and survival of common carp.
The use of maggot oil can be an alternative to using feed that is more effective and economical.

Abstract
The demand for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) either its seed or consumption measures has increased every year. Fish growth can be increased by adding nutrients in the form of animal oil sources. An alternative ingredient that can be used to support fish growth with good nutritional content and relatively inexpensive is maggot oil or black soldier fly (H. illucens) oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of maggot oil (H. illucens) in artificial feed on the growth performance of common carp and to determine the best dose of maggot oil. This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replicates: A, B, C, and D with the addition of maggot oil doses of 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. The test fish used was a common carp fry measuring 3.59±0.06 cm, 0.79±0.05 g. Observation time was 30 days with a stocking density of 15 fish/aquarium. The results showed that the addition of maggot oil (H. illucens) had a significant effect (P<0.05) on TFC, FCR, FUE, SGR, and survival. Based on the results of the study, the best dose was obtained in the addition of 15% maggot oil with value of TFC 10.57±0.26 g, FCR 1.52±0.03, FUE 65.43±1.54%, SGR 1.57±0.04%/day, and SR 95.56±3.85%. For further research, it is possible to use magot oil to increase carp production.
INCREASING THE KNOWLEDGE OF MOTHERS AND FAMILIES ABOUT THE PROBLEMS THAT OFTEN ARISE IN NEWBORNS THROUGH THE PROGRAM KIPRAH INDONESIA RRI MALANG
Authors: Yuliawati Dwi , Ardhiani Innas Tiara 
Published: August 2023

Newborns are prone to health problems due to a weak body defense system. Some problems that commonly arise in neonates include diseases in the mild category (which are common), for example: jaundice (physiological jaundice), vomiting, seborrheic dermatitis, oral trush, diarrhea, fever, diapper rush (diaper rash), miliariasis, constipation, and others. One of the preventive efforts to prevent complications in newborns is by providing health education aimed at increasing public knowledge about problems that often arise in newborns so that they can identify and take appropriate anticipatory and handling steps from existing problems. Community service activities are carried out through talk show activities in the form of questions and answers between radio broadcasters and speakers regarding the theme of activities that have been previously determined and broadcast live streaming on the Youtube channel of RRI Malang in the Kiprah Indonesia program. The activity was carried out on September 5, 2022 with a duration of time during live Youtube, which is about 60 minutes. Community participation from the talk show is indicated by the total viewers on the You tube page of RRI Malang, which is 69 times watched and 10 “like”. Providing education in this community service activity is expected to affect the behavior of mothers and families in the detection and treatment of problems that often arise in newborns.
PUBLIC SPEAKING TRAINING IN THE FRAMEWORK OF INCREASING JOURNALIST COMPETENCE IN SURABAYA
Authors: Suteja Rani Sukma Ayu , Isnaini Santi , Widodo Suko , Wahyudi Irfan , Septiani Dina , Saptyasari Andria , Wibowo Nimas Safira Widhiasti , Raniah  
Published: August 2023

Today's journalists are required to have good competence and broad insight. Not only be able to write factual information, but also have a good public speaking skills. However, there are still many journalists who do not master public speaking so they often face some obstacles. They are proficient at finding information in the field, but are nervous or insecure when dealing with other people or sources, so the interviews become unstructured and directed. A journalist is also often asked to be a speaker in a seminar, training, or workshop, but since they are not used to speak in public, the presentation of the material becomes less interesting. In fact, journalism is a profession that is expected to be at the forefront of society who must be able to speak loudly, truthfully, honestly, and courageously. Having good public speaking skills can increase the confidence of journalists in conveying information and ideas, as well as providing education and motivation. Because public speaking is an important competency, the Communication Department held a community service activity entitled "Public Speaking Training in Increasing Journalist Competence in Surabaya" on 13th and 20th October 2022, at Urban Office Surabaya. The training was attended by journalists who are members of the Friends of Education Journalists (JSP) community.
A newly identified gene Ahed plays essential roles in haematopoiesis through RNA splicing
Authors: Yokota Takafumi , Nakai Ritsuko , Tokunaga Masahiro , Takaishi Mikiro , Sudo Takao , Shi Henyun , Yasumizu Yoshiaki , Okuzaki Daisuke , Kokubu Chikara , Tanaka Sachiyo , Takaoka Katsuyoshi , Yamanishi Ayako , Yoshida Junko , Watanabe Hitomi , Kondoh Gen , Horie Kyoji , Hosen Naoki , Sano Shigetoshi , Takeda Junji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The development of haematopoiesis is regulated by coordinated actions of multiple genes. Mutations in some genes are intimately involved in the occurrence of haematological cancers. Here, we report a previously undefined functional gene in haematopoiesis, which we isolated by screening mutant embryonic stem cells. The gene, named “attenuated haematopoietic development” (Ahed), encoded an uncharacterized nuclear protein. We found that Ahed conditional knock out (cKO) foetuses became anaemic after E14.5 and died before birth. Transplantation experiments revealed that Ahed-deficient lineage-Sca-1+c-KitHi cells were unable to reconstitute haematopoiesis in vivo, suggesting that Ahed is indispensable for functional haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Multiple RNA sequencing analyses of Ahed-cKO cells revealed that this protein governs various critical pathways by regulating alternative splicing of RNAs. Published databases of cancer-related mutations present blood cancer patients with somatic mutations in the Ahed gene. Thus, Ahed plays a fundamental role in haematopoiesis through RNA splicing, whose mutations relates to malignancies.
Shaping active matter: from crystalline solids to active turbulence
Authors: Zhu Lailai , Yang Qianhong , Jiang Maoqiang , Picano Francesco 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Active matter drives its constituent agents to move autonomously by harnessing free energy, leading to diverse emergent states with relevance to both biological processes and inanimate functionalities. Achieving maximum reconfigurability of active materials with minimal control remains a desirable yet challenging goal. Here, we employ large-scale, agent-resolved simulations to demonstrate that modulating the activity of a wet phoretic medium alone can govern its solid-liquid-gas phase transitions and, subsequently, laminar-turbulent transitions in fluid phases, thereby shaping its emergent pattern. These two progressively emerging transitions, hitherto unreported, bring us closer to understanding the parallels between active matter and traditional matter. Our work reproduces and reconciles seemingly conflicting experimental observations on chemically active systems, presenting a unified landscape of phoretic collective dynamics. These findings enhance the understanding of long-range, many-body interactions among phoretic agents, offer new insights into their non-equilibrium collective behaviors, and provide potential guidelines for designing reconfigurable materials.
ChartLine: Curve Extraction from Scientific Line Charts with Spatial-Sequence Feature Pyramid Network
Authors: yang wenjin , Zhang Xiaotong , He Jie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Line charts are very abundant in scientific literature and commercial data visualization. Automatic curve detection from line charts is a critical early step in many upstream tasks, such as data recovery, chart quality assessment, chart plagiarism detection, visual question and answer, etc. Unlike other curve detection tasks, line charts have complex and diverse backgrounds and a variety of curve styles (e.g., solid lines, dashed lines, dotted lines, etc.), which cause existing curve detection algorithms to perform poorly on this task. This paper proposes a novel chart curve detection network (ChartLine) that includes a Spatial-Sequential Attention Feature Pyramid Network (SSA-FPN) in the encoder and decoder to learn rich curve hierarchical representations and boundary features. This model contains a Spatial Sequential Fusion Module (SSF) and a Channel Multi-Attention Module (CMA), which enhance intra-class responsiveness and inter-class discriminative ability. To demonstrate the superiority and generality of the proposed method, we evaluate it on four curve datasets and compare it with state-of-the-art curve detection, edge detection, and semantic segmentation methods. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms and achieves an F-measure of 94% on the synthetic dataset.
DIS3 ribonuclease prevents the cytoplasmic accumulation of lncRNAs carrying non-canonical ORFs.
Authors: Foretek Dominika , Gabriel Marc , Hatin Isabelle , Jarroux Julien , Pinskaya Marina , Pepermans Elise , Boonen Kurt , Topno Rachel , Slaninova Vera , Serna Marina , Llorca Oscar , Baggerman Geert , Bertrand Edouard , West Steven , Namy Olivier , Morillon Antonin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Some of the long noncoding (lnc)RNAs harbor potential to produce functional micro peptides. Despite their increasing significance, the regulatory dynamics of cytoplasmic lncRNA expression, decay, and translation remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of ribonucleases in controlling cytoplasmic levels of lncRNAs. We observed large accumulation of a previously assumed nuclear-localized DIS3-sensitive transcripts (DISTs), contrary to low number of lncRNAs sensitive to the cytoplasmic XRN1. Approximately 14.5% of DIS3-sensitive transcripts (DISTs) contain actively translated open reading frames (ORFs), including some with typical protein-coding genes features: polyA enrichment and conservation across primates. Importantly, transcriptomic analysis of patients cases with DIS3 mutations in the multiple myeloma, a bone marrow cancer, showed shared subgroup of overexpressed translatable DISTs. Our immunopeptidomic proves the association of DISTs-derived peptides with the major histocompatibility class I complex. Furthermore, the low expression of DISTs in healthy tissues highlights the potential of DIST-ORFs as sources of tumor-specific antigens.