bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting traffic propagation flow in urban road network with multi-graph convolutional network
Authors: Yang Haiqiang , Li Zihan , Qi Yashuai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTraffic volume propagating from upstream road link to downstream road link is the key parameter for designing intersection signal timing scheme. Recent works successfully used graph convolutional network (GCN) and specific time-series model to forecast traffic flow by capturing the spatial–temporal features. However, accurately predicting traffic propagation flow (tpf) is challenging, since the classical GCN model only considers the influence of adjacent road link. In complex urban road network, specific traffic propagation flow (tpf) is affected by various spatial features, such as adjacent tpf, which influences from tpf with same upstream link and tpf with same downstream link. Thus, we proposed a multi-graph learning-based model named TPP-GCN (traffic propagation prediction-graph convolutional network) in this paper to predict the traffic propagation flow in urban road network. The TPP-GCN model captures not only the temporal features but also multi-spatial features based on multi-layer convolution. We validated the model using real-world traffic flow data derived from taxi GPS data in Shenzhen, China. Finally, we compare and evaluate the proposed model with the existing models across several prediction scales.
An integrated framework for non-destructive evaluation of bridges using UAS: a case study
Authors: Perez Jimeno Sergio , Capa Salinas Jose , Perez Caicedo Javier Alexander , Rojas Manzano Manuel Alejandro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe following paper proposes an Unmanned Aircraft System (drone) inspection framework for communities where guidelines for this emerging technology have yet to be provided. The framework involves pilot training in an area with similar features to the structure to be inspected, developing best inspection practices for future application, selecting a bridge for detailed inspection using non-destructive testing methods such as visual inspection, and inspecting the bridge using the UAS inspection framework developed for the area. The results of both reviews are compared, and the framework is validated. The final inspection framework is presented in the paper, along with relevant conclusions and future work. The proposed framework can be valuable for infrastructure owners and inspectors to conduct more efficient and cost-effective bridge inspections while ensuring safety in communities with limited UAS guidelines and research work. The structural analysis, qualitative assessment, and load rating of the case study are presented as proof of concept on the effectiveness of the UAS bridge inspection and its advantages.
A network analysis of the non-fungible token (NFT) market: structural characteristics, evolution, and interactions
Authors: Alizadeh Sajjad , Setayesh Amin , Mohamadpour Arash , Bahrak Behnam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon-fungible tokens (NFTs) are a type of digital asset that can prove ownership of both virtual and physical assets using blockchains. Even though creating and trading NFTs have experienced a significant increase, research on the NFT market and its features is limited. In this study, we aim to bridge this gap by conducting a comprehensive analysis on the NFT market and its evolution from a network perspective. We examined the transactions network between NFT buyers and sellers and analyzed the structural characteristics of the NFT trades network. Additionally, we looked at how NFT usage and transactions have changed over time. Our findings indicate that a few participants are responsible for most of the NFT sales and purchases, while the majority of the addresses have only a few NFT transactions. Furthermore, we investigated the structural properties of the NFT trades network, including centrality measures, clustering coefficient, and assortativity, and how they have changed over time. We also explored the interactions between NFTs by constructing a graph of NFT relations. We identified four major communities and highlighted the top NFT projects in each community. We also examined the NFT projects that buyers mostly purchase together.
‘New localism’ in Australian schools: Country as Teacher as a critical pedagogy of place
Authors: Spillman David , Wilson Ben , Nixon Monty , McKinnon Katharine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article reports on phase
two of our school-based Country as Teacher research, focusing on teacher’s learning and experiences through their efforts to enact Country as Teacher curriculum and pedagogy with students in ACT schools. Cultivating their own practices of reciprocal Relating with Country (Phase 1, see Spillman, Wilson, Nixon & McKinnon, 2022) prepares teachers to enact Country as Teacher with students. A yarning circle focus group and semi-structured interviews were again used to unpack teacher’s reflections and learnings regarding their attempts to enact Country as Teacher curriculum and pedagogies through units of work. Due to major disruptions in schooling caused by a long COVID lockdown, during Term Three 2021, participation in data collection for Phase 2 of the Country as Teacher research was on a voluntary basis. Thirteen of the original twenty-six teachers offered to participate. Despite the COVID disruptions, many teachers felt that the high levels of student engagement with Country as Teacher, expressions of wellness through these experiences, and the emergence of inquiry approaches, conferred ‘permission’ to continue enacting these pedagogies in their day-to-day teaching and learning, even when perceived not to be a direct enactment of the Australian Curriculum. This flagged a clear theme in the qualitative data, of teacher’s growing desire to enact a ‘moral imperative’, to ‘do it for the students’. Teacher’s own experiences Relating with Country were also deemed essential to the motivation and courage necessary to enact Country as Teacher pedagogies. This formative research suggests that high levels of student engagement motivated teachers to reinterpret systemic accountabilities and imperatives. We propose that in this way, among others discussed below, Country as Teacher operated as a ‘critical pedagogy of place.’
Exploring the significance of toponyms in the university linguistics curriculum: insights from Kibera in Kenya and Sabalibougou in Mali
Authors: Otundo Billian Khalayi , Doumbia Lamine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAfrica’s linguistic diversity and cultural richness make it an ideal setting for incorporating case studies of toponyms (place names) into the university linguistics curriculum. By examining the toponyms of Kibera slum areas in Kenya and those of the people of Sabalibougou in Southern Mali, this article explores the various ways that toponyms can be used to enhance the understanding of African languages and cultures. Based on the premise that toponyms communicate knowledge about the natural world, peoples’ experiences, indigenous and local languages, and history, the two case studies of this article highlight the following factors as reasons why toponyms should be studied and incorporated into the university’s linguistics curricula: (i) They reveal the interplay between history, socio-political manifestations, and language; (ii) provide awareness of the role of geography on language, language contact, and language endangerment; (iii) facilitate the relationship between language and culture; and (iv) allow practising orthography, phonetic transcription, and morphosemantics of African languages. Hence, incorporating toponym case studies, like those provided in this study, into the linguistics curriculum can enable students to better comprehend and appreciate Africa’s linguistic diversity and cultural richness, ultimately contributing to the decolonisation of education in Africa.
Eine systematische Übersicht und Meta-Analyse zum Zusammenhang von destruktiver Führung und der psychischen Gesundheit Beschäftigter
Authors: Negt Philip 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Beziehung zwischen Führungskraft und Beschäftigten gilt als wichtiger Einflussfaktor auf psychisches Wohlergehen am Arbeitsplatz. Mit Begriffen wie Toxic Leadership oder Abusive Supervision ist betriebliche Führung zuletzt häufiger in ihren dysfunktionalen Anteilen beschrieben worden. Der Artikel stellt die Ergebnisse eines systematischen Reviews zum Zusammenhang von destruktiven Führungsformen und psychischer Beschäftigtengesundheit dar. Auf Grundlage definierter Einschlusskriterien und einer systematischen Literaturrecherche konnten 36 Primärstudien identifiziert werden. Als Indikatoren für psychische Beeinträchtigungen wurden (1) subklinische Symptome psychischer Störungen (2) Burn-out und emotionale Erschöpfung sowie (3) allgemeine Merkmale für aversiv erlebte psychische Beanspruchung erfasst (z. B. erhöhtes Stresserleben). Es ergab sich eine gepoolte Effektstärke vonr = 0,31 (CI950,26–0,37). Aufgrund der überwiegend querschnittlichen Studiendesigns, einiger Limitationen in der Erfassung destruktiver Führung sowie ermittelter Hinweise für das Vorliegen von Publikationsverzerrungen erfolgt eine methodenkritische Diskussion des gegenwärtigen Forschungsfeldes.Praktische Relevanz:Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, destruktive Führungsformen auch in Praxisfeldern verstärkt unter einer systemischen Perspektive zu betrachten. Eine Überwindung des Leader-Zentrismus wird als wichtige Voraussetzung zur Ableitung zielgerichteter Präventionsmaßnahmen diskutiert. Dazu könnte die Etablierung von Führungskräfte-Trainings gehören, die der Entwicklung destruktiver Führungsformen vorbeugen.
High-temperature behaviour and interfacial damage of CGI: 3D numerical modelling
Authors: Cao Minghua , Baxevanakis Konstantinos P. , Silberschmidt Vadim V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSuperior mechanical and thermal properties, high wear resistance and a competitive price of compacted graphite iron (CGI) have made it an integral part of industry worldwide. In its applications in automotive engines, high-temperature environments cause thermal expansion that can result in emergence of interfacial damage in CGI. Although graphite-matrix interfacial damage is considered the main damage mechanism that can lead to total fracture of CGI, extensive research on CGI has not yet fully investigated this phenomenon at the microscale, especially under pure thermal loading. This paper focuses on the high-temperature performance of CGI and the onset of damage in graphite in thermal cycles. Three-dimensional numerical models are developed, with a single graphite inclusion embedded in a unit cell of the metallic matrix. Elastoplastic behaviour is considered for both phases in simulations. The effects of morphology and orientation of graphite inclusions on a response of an entire unit cell to thermal loading are investigated. Also, the influence of periodic and fully-fixed boundary conditions on the damage behaviour of CGI is discussed. The results can give a better understanding of the fracture mechanisms of CGI exposed to elevated temperatures.
Die Qualität von Interaktionen in Kindertageseinrichtungen. Einflussfaktoren gelingender Interaktionsgestaltung im KiTa-Alltag
Authors: Frick Eva , Lehnerer Elisa 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Qualität von Fachkraft-Kind-Interaktionen hat einen enormen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung der Kinder. Um mögliche Unterschiede im Interaktionsverhalten der Fachkräfte mit verschiedenen Ausbildungsniveaus und in divergierenden Situationen festzustellen, wurde in 40 Kindergärten videografiert, jeweils eine ca. 15-minütige Freispiel- und Essenssituation und somit insgesamt rd. 1200 min mit 2086 beobachtbaren Interaktionen ausgewertet und analysiert. Dafür wurde ein niedrig inferentes Kodierverfahren mit Ereignisstichprobenplan eingesetzt sowie eine qualitative videobasierte Inhaltsanalyse durchgeführt. Unterschiede im Handeln und Kommunizieren der Fachkräfte je nach Situation und Ausbildungsniveau wurden festgestellt sowie interaktionsfördernde Strategien wie (non)verbales Zeigen von Interesse, offene Fragen, Verbalisieren von Handlungen und das Folgen kindlicher Logik identifiziert.
Interspecific interactions, human proximity, and season affect spatiotemporal structure of a Mojave Desert wetlands rodent community with a highly endangered species
Authors: López-Pérez Andrés M. , Haswell Peter , Clifford Deana L. , Foley Janet 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe analyzed the influences of interspecific interactions and environmental factors on rodent community assembly in Mojave Desert wetlands that support the endangered Amargosa vole (Microtus californicus scirpensis). A total of 4927 rodents in six species were captured from 2010 to 2021 within 15 marshes, most frequently including Amargosa voles, harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis), and house mice (Mus musculus), an invasive species. The structure of the community varied considerably over time and by marsh, driven mainly by reductions in harvest mice and increases in Amargosa voles and house mice between 2014 and 2017, and then reductions in Amargosa voles between 2018 and 2021. Northern marshes were dominated by voles, and southern marshes by house mice. Primary determinants of rodent capture rates were interspecific interactions, human proximity, and season. There was a significant inverse relationship between vole and house mouse captures per session, suggesting competitive exclusion. Distance to the nearest town was positively associated with the numbers of voles and negatively associated with the numbers of harvest mice, suggesting that voles may be more sensitive to human disturbance than other rodents. Amargosa voles and harvest mice had annual population cycles with peaks between July and September occurring 6–7 months after rainfall. Our results allow for valuable insight into the influences on community dynamics in desert rodents and highlight that conservation efforts that support Amargosa voles may simultaneously help control house mouse abundance and expansion.
Extinction and morphospace occupation: A critical review
Authors: Polly P. David 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Processes of extinction, especially selectivity, can be studied using the distribution of species in morphospace. Random extinction reduces the number of species but has little effect on the range of morphologies or ecological roles in a fauna or flora. In contrast, selective extinction culls species based on their functional relationship to the altered environment and, therefore, to their position within a morphospace. Analysis of the distribution of extinctions within morphospaces can thus help understand whether the drivers of the extinction are linked to functional traits. Current approaches include measuring changes in disparity, mean morphology, or evenness between pre- and post-extinction morphologies. Not all measurements are straightforward, however, because morphospaces may be non-metric or non-linear in ways that can mislead interpretation. Dimension-reduction techniques like principal component analysis – commonly used with highly multivariate geometric morphometric data sets – have properties that can make the center of morphospace falsely appear to be densely populated, can make selective extinctions appear randomly distributed, or can make a group of non-specialized morphologies appear to be extreme outliers. Applying fully multivariate metrics and statistical tests will prevent most misinterpretations, as will making explicit functional connections between morphology and the underlying extinction processes.
Glacial sedimentation in Northern Gondwana: insights from the Talchir formation, Manendragarh, India
Authors: Choudhuri Adrita , Mandal Sabyasachi , Bumby Adam , Pillai S. Suresh Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmong the vast swathes of Gondwanan sedimentary rocks in India, exposures of the Lower Permian Talchir Formation at Manendragarh in India are exceptional for their cold marine faunal assemblage and muddy conglomerates of possible glacial origin. They may represent a record of the late Palaeozoic glaciation that affected Gondwana in the Permo-Carboniferous. Although the fossil record is relatively well documented, the sedimentology of this area is not well understood. This paper intends to fill the gap in knowledge regarding palaeogeography and the palaeoenvironmental changes within the basin through space and time. We distinguish conglomerates that are formed by glacial and mass flow processes. The lateral variation in facies associations along a NNE-SSW transect in the study area identifies the depositional basin as an interior sea that formed when the sea spilled over a steep basement ridge during a transgression. The benthic organisms remained confined to the seaward basin margin where they only flourished in the initial stage of basin filling. Locally derived, bioclastic storm beds are limited to the seaward flank of the basin. Alternating phases of glaciation and interglaciation resulted in an interbedded succession of grey shales and interglacial density flow deposits. The channels that fed these density flows are preserved closest to the landward margin of the basin. Co-existence of glacial diamictites and interglacial density flow deposits highlights the climatic changes in this part of Gondwana during the Late Palaeozoic.
A quasi-cohort trend analysis of adult obesity in Colombia
Authors: Castro-Prieto Paula Andrea , Spijker Jeroen , Recaño Joaquín 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn Colombia, the prevalence of obesity has been increasing in recent years due to changes in dietary and nutritional patterns. While previous studies have focussed on describing obesity and its associated factors, they have mainly used a cross-sectional methodology. Accordingly, this study aims to conduct a descriptive quasi-cohort analysis to capture age-specific cohort trends in body mass index (BMI) according to sex and ethnicity (indigenous, Afro-Colombian, and the remaining population). The study utilised data from the National Survey of the Nutritional Situation in Colombia (ENSIN) conducted in 2005, 2010, and 2015 that included 214,136 individuals aged 20–64 years after screening. Data on ethnicity were only available from the 2010 and 2015 surveys. Overall, the prevalence of obesity increased by 6.1 percentage points (from 15.2% to 21.3%) between 2005 and 2015 (men from 10.4% to 15.7%; women from 18.2% to 25.7%). Among Afro-Colombians, obesity rose 6.6 percentage points (from 19.4% to 26.0%), again more so in women than in men (2015: 35.2% versus 17.8%). Among indigenous people, the proportion increased by 5.3 percentage points (from 13.5% to 18.8%), with women reporting highest rates (2015: 23.7% against 12.6% in men). Age- and cohort-specific results also indicate that recent adult cohorts are experiencing sharp increases in BMI, for example, while 25–29-year-old males born in 1975–1979 had a BMI of 24.2 kg/m2, among 40–44-year-olds of the same cohort, this equalled 26.8 kg/m2. In the case of women, these age differences in BMI among the same cohort are even greater (24.4 and 28.0 kg/m2). In summary, the results of this study indicate that Colombia is still in the early stages of the obesity transition, urging the need to monitor obesity trends in Colombia from both an age and cohort perspective. To achieve this, longitudinal surveys or repeated cross-sectional surveys like the ENSIN could be utilised.
‘They've probably had those animals for years – they are like family’: accommodating pets in care homes and their contribution to creating a sense of ‘home’
Authors: Toze Michael , Ray Mo , Fox Marie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCompanion animals, or ‘pets’, are integral to many people's lives and to their sense of home. However, older people living with companion animals are vulnerable to separation from their animals when moving to a care home. Such separation is often a highly significant loss which, combined with other losses, may reinforce experiences of dislocation. Existing research draws attention to the importance of developing a sense of ‘home’ in a care home through reinforcing and preserving personal connections. However, there is a paucity of research examining the preservation of connections between older people resident in care homes and their animal/s. This study draws on thematic analysis of 29 qualitative interviews with older people living in care homes, relatives, care home staff and other relevant stakeholders. It highlights that retaining existing, often long-term, bonds with companion animals represent important continuities and connections which may contribute to positive adjustment to life in a care home and creating a sense of home. However, participants highlighted that supporting an older person to move into a care home with their companion animal may be challenged by real or perceived constraints such as use of shared space, concerns about the risks posed by animals and staff implications. While our study found examples of good practice of how shared residence between an older person and companion animal can be achieved in a care home, other examples highlighted that the time, complexity of planning and structures required to accommodate animals were prohibitive to merit a change of policy and practice. Our research concludes that more attention should be given to the older person–animal bond as an important source of continuity and connection.
Sampling and randomisation in experimental and quasi-experimental CALL studies: Issues and recommendations for design, reporting, review, and interpretation
Authors: Ballance Oliver James 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe majority of research papers in computer-assisted language learning (CALL) report on primarily quantitative studies measuring the effectiveness of pedagogical interventions in relation to language learning outcomes. These studies are frequently referred to in the literature as experiments, although this designation is often incorrect because of the approach to sampling that has been used. This methodological discussion paper provides a broad overview of the current CALL literature, examining reported trends in the field that relate to experimental research and the recommendations made for improving practice. It finds that little attention is given to sampling, even in review articles. This indicates that sampling problems are widespread and that there may be limited awareness of the role of formal sampling procedures in experimental reasoning. The paper then reviews the roles of two key aspects of sampling in experiments: random selection of participants and random assignation of participants to control and experimental conditions. The corresponding differences between experimental and quasi-experimental studies are discussed, along with the implications for interpreting a study’s results. Acknowledging that genuine experimental sampling procedures will not be possible for many CALL researchers, the final section of the paper presents practical recommendations for improved design, reporting, review, and interpretation of quasi-experimental studies in the field.