bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a risk assessment tool for Japanese sex offenders: The Japanese Static‐99
Authors: Harada Takayuki , Nomura Kazutaka , Shimada Hironori , Kawakami Norito 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn Japan, sexual offending, especially paraphilic sexual offending, has become a major problem, and approximately 3000 people are arrested for frotteuristic and voyeuristic behavior each year. Considering the repetitive nature of such behaviors, determining the recidivism risk is imperative. Globally, Static‐99 is one of the most widely used actuarial risk assessment tools to predict recidivism among sex offenders. However, sexual offending is largely influenced by social and cultural backgrounds, and whether risk factors identified in the West are applicable to other countries is unknown. Therefore, we developed a Japanese version of the Static‐99 and examined its reliability and validity with 167 Japanese paraphilic sex offenders. The results showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.88) and predictive accuracy (area under the curve = 0.76). The results indicate that the Japanese Static‐99 can be used with Japanese sex offenders. Moreover, risk factors identified in the Western context are applicable to Japanese sex offenders despite the different nature and manifestations of their offending.
The same phase creates a unique visual rhythm unifying moving elements in time
Authors: Li Yao , Ye Biyi , Bao Yan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAttention can be selectively tuned to particular features at different spatial locations or objects. The deployment of attention can be guided by properties, such as color, orientation, and so forth, as guiding features. What might be such guiding features for visual stimuli under dynamic rhythmic conditions? We asked specifically what might be the parameters that attract attention when perceiving a visual rhythm. We used a visual search paradigm, in which a dynamic search display consisted of vertically “bouncing balls” with regular rhythms. The search target was defined by a unique visual rhythm (i.e., with either a shorter or longer period) among rhythmic distractors sharing an identical period. We modulated amplitudes and phases of the distractor balls systematically. The results showed a crucial factor of the phase, not the amplitude. If the phase is violated, the target suddenly “pops out” as an “oddball,” showing an efficient parallel search. The findings indicate in general the essential role of the phase in conjunction with amplitude and period for visual rhythm perception. Furthermore, a higher saliency of moving objects with a higher frequency component has also been disclosed.
Enhancing flame retardancy of polyphenylene sulfide nanocomposite fibers by the synergistic effect of catalytic crosslinking and physical barrier
Authors: Yu Yan , Zhu Liping , Dai Lu , Hu Zexu , Li Lili , Xiang Hengxue , Zhou Zhe , Zhu Meifang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProtective clothing with fascinating flame‐retardant features is urgently needed to reduce the large amount of smoke and heat released from combustion during fire protection. In this study, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) nanocomposite resin with efficient flame retardancy is obtained by mixing a low content of graphene and Fe2O3via a twin screw extruder. Followed by, the PPS/G/Fe2O3fibers are fabricated via melting spinning. The PPS/G/Fe2O3nanocomposite resin with 0.3 wt% of graphene and 1.0 wt% of Fe2O3performs the best during the flame retardant tests, giving a shorter self‐extinguishing time, lower peak heat release rate (22.3 kW/m2), total heat release (11.3 MJ/m2) and total smoke production (1.32 m2) than others. The pyrolysis analysis indicates that a large number of products with fused rings are formed in the residual char layer, which effectively inhibit the release of heat and smoke and thus improve the flame retardancy of PPS nanocomposite resin. In addition, the flame retardant textile weaved with PPS/G/Fe2O3fibers gives a high‐limiting oxygen index (40.1%), zero after‐flame time, no droppings and small damaged length (114 mm in warp and 98 mm in weft direction) during the standard flame retardancy tests provided by a third‐party independent inspection organization. The fabrication of PPS fibers with effective and enhanced synergistic flame retardancy through melting spinning is facile and scalable, providing a promising strategy for advanced protective clothing.
Performance of TKX‐50 in thermobaric explosives
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Cudziło Stanisław , Trzciński Waldemar A. , Paszula Józef , Bauer Lukas , Riedelsheimer Christian , Lechner Jasmin T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, the behavior of the high‐nitrogen compound TKX‐50 in model thermobaric formulations was investigated. The addition of 10 % Al to TKX‐50 reduces the heat of detonation by approximately 90 J/g. Despite this, Al reacts with the detonation products of TKX‐50 in an exothermic manner, and the energy contribution was calculated to be approx. 375 J/g. In addition, the overpressure in the explosion chamber filled with argon after detonation of aluminized TKX‐50 charges containing 27 % Al is approx. 20 % higher than in the case of neat TKX‐50. Also the maximum temperature of the TKX‐50/Al explosion products in the argon filled chamber is higher by 370 K than that of measured after detonating TKX only. What is more aluminum oxynitride with a low nitrogen content has been identified in the solid detonation products of aluminized TKX‐50, but only for detonations in argon. Of course, charges made of TKX‐50/Al mixture generate significantly higher overpressure and radiant temperature values in a confined space when they are detonated in an air atmosphere. It all means that burning aluminum in nitrogen provides little energy, and even if the concentration of nitrogen in the post‐detonation products is much higher than that of oxygen, aluminum oxides are preferentially formed.
Unraveling the mechanism of [4Fe‐4S] cluster assembly on the N‐terminal cluster binding site of NUBP1
Authors: Bargagna Beatrice , Matteucci Sara , Ciofi‐Baffoni Simone , Camponeschi Francesca , Banci Lucia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract[4Fe‐4S]2+ cluster assembly in human cytosol requires both a [2Fe‐2S] cluster chaperone being able to donate two [2Fe‐2S]2+ clusters and an electron donor providing two electrons to reductively couple the two [2Fe‐2S]2+ clusters into a [4Fe‐4S]2+ cluster. The mechanism through which the cytosolic [4Fe‐4S]2+ cluster assembly works is still not defined. Here, we show that a hetero‐tetrameric complex formed by two molecules of cluster‐reduced [2Fe‐2S]+2‐anamorsin and one molecule of dimeric cluster‐oxidized [2Fe‐2S]2+2‐GLRX32 orchestrates the assembly of a [4Fe‐4S]2+ cluster on the N‐terminal cluster binding site of the cytosolic protein NUBP1. We demonstrate that the hetero‐tetrameric complex is able to synergically provide two [2Fe‐2S]2+ clusters from GLRX3 and two electrons from anamorsin for the assembly of the [4Fe‐4S]2+ cluster on the N‐terminal cluster binding site of NUBP1. We also showed that only one of the two [2Fe‐2S] clusters bound to anamorsin, that is, that bound to the CX8CX2CXC motif, provides the electrons required to form the [4Fe‐4S]2+ cluster. Our study contributes to the molecular understanding of the mechanism of [4Fe‐4S] protein biogenesis in the cytosol.
Lessons learned from large‐scale lithium‐ion battery energy storage systems incidents: A mini review
Authors: Lystianingrum Vita , Priyadi Ardyono , Negara I. Made Yulistya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe deployment of energy storage systems, especially lithium‐ion batteries, has been growing significantly during the past decades. However, among this wide utilization, there have been some failures and incidents with consequences ranging from the battery or the whole system being out of service, to the damage of the whole facility and surroundings, and even personnel injury and casualties. Some of these events have documentations on the event details and findings. This mini review paper contributes to the existing literature related to lithium‐ion batteries thermal incidents by presenting and discussing the documented findings of these most recent incidents. In some cases, the lithium‐ion battery system has complied to the most recent standards related to battery systems such as UL 9540 and UL 9540A thermal runaway propagation test; yet fire incident and propagation nonetheless occurred. Hence, the lessons learned from these documentations are valuable for the next development of the battery system and technology. Some key lessons from selected cases will be discussed, including specific lithium‐ion battery system risks and their countermeasures, while covering several related standards, and identifying possible gaps in the existing standards.
Successional effects of cover cropping and deep tillage on suppression of plant‐parasitic nematodes and soilborne fungal pathogens
Authors: Marquez Josiah , Hajihassani Abolfazl 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCover crops can suppress soilborne nematodes and fungal pathogens by serving as a poor host to pathogens and producing allelopathic compounds. Yet, cultural practices can influence their effectiveness. Cover crop and weedy fallow rotations and their interactions with deep tillage were evaluated from 2019 to 2021 in a three‐season vegetable cropping system (spring tomato, fall squash, and winter cabbage) for their suppressive effects on soilborne diseases. Experimental plots were arranged in a split‐plot 2 × 4 factorial design in randomized complete blocks. Whole‐plot tillage treatments were shallow‐tilled or deep‐tilled. Subplots had two factors of crop rotations: rotation type (cover crop [spring or fall sunn hemp or winter rye] or weedy fallow) and rotation season.RESULTSIndependent of tillage practice, sunn hemp and weedy fallow reduced population density and root galling severity of root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) for the first subsequent vegetable compared to the all‐vegetable rotation (P < 0.05) but had little effect on fungal pathogens. Fall sunn hemp had higher plant biomass and reduced gall severity for the second subsequent vegetable. Spring and fall sunn hemp improved vegetable yields. Winter rye only reduced ring nematodes (Mesocriconema spp.) population density in the first subsequent vegetable. Deep tillage reduced incidence of fungal pathogens of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and population density of stubby‐root nematode (Nanidorus minor).CONCLUSIONSunn hemp is effective in suppressing M. incognita, whereas deep tillage can be used to suppress R. solani, S. sclerotiorum, and N. minor in vegetable production systems. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Metamifop resistance in Echinochloa glabrescens via glutathione S‐transferases‐involved enhanced metabolism
Authors: Li Qi , Zhao Ning , Jiang Minghao , Wang Mali , Zhang Jingxu , Cao Haiqun , Liao Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDEchinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook. f. is one of the main Echinochloa spp. seriously invading Chinese rice fields and has evolved resistance to commonly used herbicides. Previously, an E. glabrescens population (LJ‐02) with suspected resistance to the acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACCase)‐inhibiting herbicide metamifop was collected. This study aimed to determine its resistance status to metamifop and investigate the internal molecular mechanisms of resistance.RESULTSSingle‐dose testing confirmed that the LJ‐02 population had evolved resistance to metamifop. Gene sequencing and a relative expression assay of ACCase ruled out target‐site based resistance to metamifop in LJ‐02. Whole‐plant bioassays revealed that, compared with the susceptible population XZ‐01, LJ‐02 was highly resistant to metamifop and exhibited cross‐resistance to fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl. Pretreatment with the known glutathione S‐transferase (GST) inhibitor, 4‐chloro‐7‐nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD‐Cl), largely reversed the resistance to metamifop by approximately 81%. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis indicated that the metabolic rates of one of the major metabolites of metamifop, N‐(2‐fluorophenyl)‐2‐hydroxy‐N‐methylpropionamide (HPFMA), were up to 383‐fold faster in LJ‐02 plants than in XZ‐01 plants. There were higher basal and metamifop‐inducible GST activities toward 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (CDNB) in LJ‐02 than in XZ‐01. Six GST genes were metamifop‐induced and overexpressed in the resistant LJ‐02 population.CONCLUSIONThis study reports, for the first time, the occurrence of metabolic metamifop resistance in E. glabrescens worldwide. The high‐level metamifop resistance in the LJ‐02 population may mainly involve specific isoforms of GSTs that endow high catalytic activity and strong substrate specificity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Multi‐input enhanced model reference adaptive control strategies and their application to space robotic manipulators
Authors: Montanaro Umberto , Martini Simone , Hao Zhou , Gao Yang , Sorniotti Aldo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Enhanced Model Reference Adaptive Control (EMRAC) algorithm, augmenting the MRAC strategy with adaptive integral and adaptive switching control actions, is an effective solution to impose reference dynamics to plants affected by parameter uncertainties, unmodeled dynamics and disturbances. However, the design of the EMRAC solutions has so far been limited to single‐input systems. To cover the gap, this paper presents two extensions of EMRAC to multi‐input systems. The adaptive mechanism of both solutions includes the ‐modification strategy to assure the boundedness of the adaptive gains also in presence of persistent disturbances. The closed‐loop system is analytically studied, and conditions for the asymptotic convergence of the tracking error are presented. Furthermore, when the plant is subjected to unmatched disturbances, the ultimate boundedness of the closed‐loop dynamics, which are made discontinuous by the adaptive switching control actions, is systematically proven by using Lyapunov theory for Filippov systems. The problem of trajectory tracking for space robotic arms in presence of unknown and noncooperative targets is used to test the effectiveness of the novel multi‐input EMRAC algorithms for taming uncertain systems. Four EMRAC solutions are designed for this engineering application, and tested within a high fidelity simulation framework based on the Robot Operating System. Finally, the tracking performance of the EMRAC implementations is quantitatively evaluated via a set of key performance indicators in the joint space and operational space, and compared with that of four benchmarking controllers.
Synthesis of Sustainable Acid Biochar Catalysts Derived from Waste Biomass for Esterification of Glycerol
Authors: Goskula Srinath , Siliveri Suresh , Gujjula Sripal Reddy , Chirra Suman , Narayanan Venkatathri 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAfrican dream herb shells were subjected to carbonization in N2 atmosphere at various temperatures to synthesis of sustainable biochar. This biochar was characterized by X‐ray diffraction, FE‐SEM, FT‐IR, Laser Raman, Thermo gravimetric analysis, CHNS‐analysis, N2‐adsorption‐desorption and Temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (TPD‐NH3). These biochar carbon catalysts were employed as catalysts for the esterification of glycerol with acetic acid without any modifications. The production of biochar with more strong acidic sites resulted from carbonization at 500 °C. Amorphous carbon that has experienced high‐temperature carbonization is made up of sheets of aromatic carbon that are oriented somewhat randomly. The biochar is produced at 500 °C had the highest rate of glycerol esterification with strong acidic sites of carbon. Based on the properties of the biochar as determined by several characterization techniques, the catalytic activity of the materials was explained. This biochar catalyst exhibited highly stable up to five times.
Recent Advances in Functional Polyurethane Chemistry: From Structural Design to Applications
Authors: Jiang Rijia , Zheng Xiangyu , Zhu Shanshan , Li Wenyao , Zhang Haiwei , Liu Zhihao , Zhou Xing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolyurethane has attracted the great attention of scientists because of its lightweight, high toughness, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance. In the past, polyurethane was mainly used in low‐end products because of its single function. With the development of science and technology, ordinary polyurethane has been unable to meet the diverse needs of people. In recent years, scientists have developed a lot of functional polyurethane: self‐healing polyurethane, antifouling polyurethane, antibacterial polyurethane, shape memory polyurethane and electromagnetic shielding polyurethane. Polyurethane with a single function has been reported by many people, while polyurethane with multiple functions has been rarely reported. This review comprehensively reviews the structural design and applications of functional polyurethane. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of chemical grafting functional polyurethane are introduced emphatically. Finally, challenges and future research directions of functional polyurethane are also discussed.
Preparation of Magnetic Superhydrophilic Imprinted Nanocomposite Resin and its Application in the Extraction of Chlorophenols in Water
Authors: Yan Li , Wang Yanbo , Li Guijie , Sun Dongshu , Li Hongji , Liu Chunbo , Zhou Tianyu , Che Guangbo , You Chuanxue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFabricating hydrophilic imprinted materials with eminent aqueous recognition capacity is a bottleneck problem in imprinting field. Herein, a magnetic superhydrophilic imprinted nanocomposite resin (MWNTs@MIR) was first fabricated on magnetic multi walled carbon nanotube with 2,4,6‐trichlorophenol as virtual template, 3‐aminophenol as functional monomer and glyoxylic acid as crosslinking monomer. Via employing MWNTs@MIR as adsorbent and combining with magnetic solid‐phase extraction, the effective enrichment of chlorophenols (CPs) in water is realized. The SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD and other characterizations confirm that the MWNTs@MIR has been successfully prepared and exhibits excellent magnetism (separated by external magnet within 30 s) and superhydrophilicity (water contact angle 0°). Under optimized extraction conditions, MWNTs@MIR can be directly employed for rapid and efficient extraction of four CPs in water (the extraction recoveries reach 78 %–92 %), and exhibits excellent selectivity (the extraction efficiency of MWNTs@MIR for the four CPs is evidently higher than that of the corresponding non‐imprinted material and reference compound) and stability (the recoveries of CPs did not significantly decrease after 5 cycles). The research provided a novel, easy and economical route for constructing hydrophilic imprinted materials to realize efficient extraction of CPs in water, and has potential application in the field of sample pretreatment and analytical chemistry.
Modulation of Dielectric Constant and Photovoltaic Properties of 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole‐based Alternating Copolymers by Adding Fluorine Atoms to the Backbone of Polymers
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Gan Xuemei , Shi Furong , Guo Pengzhi , Miao Wentao , Liang Junhong , Wang Qian , Liu Yi , Wang Chenglong , Xia Yangjun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn organic solar cells (OSCs), fluorine (F) substitution of conjugated polymers has a variety of effects on molecular properties and device performance. In this work, three conjugated polymers, namely PBDT‐4F‐BTs, PBDT‐8F‐FBTs, and PBDT‐10F‐FBTs, with 4, 8 and 10 fluorine atoms in the backbone were prepared and characterized. The conjugated polymers PBDT‐4F‐BTs, PBDT‐8F‐FBTs and PBDT‐10F‐FBTs showed the same highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels of −5.58 eV, which did not decrease with the increasing number of F atoms in each repeat unit of polymers. As the number of fluorine atoms in each repeat unit of polymers in the backbone increases from 4 to 10, the dielectric constant (ϵr) increases from 4.5 to 6.2 at 1 kHz. The bimolecular compounding was suppressed by introducing F into the polymer backbone and influenced the device compounding kinetics of OSCs from the blend films of polymers paired with the phenyl‐C71‐butyric‐acid‐methyl ester (PC71BM). Thereby the fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the OSCs devices have been improved, the fluorine atoms in each repeat unit of polymers backbone increased from 4 to 10, FF increased from 48.7 % to 70.0 %, and the corresponding PCE increased from 3.43 % to 6.46 %.
Conformation Based in silico Studies of Cyclic Tetrapeptides with βγ Fused Turns as Thrombin Inhibitors
Authors: Ghosh Uttam , Kumar Vikash , Singh Gajendra , Kanti Chakraborty Tushar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe enormous social and economic consequences of thrombotic diseases, as well as the significant dangers associated with present medications, need the development of more effective and safer anticoagulants. In silico structure‐based design was used to find new peptide‐based thrombin inhibitors and cyclic peptide‐based molecules are attracting wide attention in that regard. Here we have shown the synthesis, conformational and in silico analysis of tetrahydrofuran amino acid (TAA) based 15‐membered cyclic tetrapeptides (CTPs) containing guanidine side chain as thrombin inhibitors. Solution NMR conformational analysis suggests that the βγ fused structures of CTPs are retained in the core and there is no effect of guanidine functionality on the scaffold. Molecular docking results showed that these CTPs can inhibit thrombin protein by interacting with Asp189 residue and the core structure helps to retain the guanidine group inside the active site of protein without any alteration in the backbone H‐bonding. Overall, we have presented here the synthesis, conformational analysis of TAA containing cyclic tetrapeptides along with their docking study against thrombin protein. Further these results will help to design peptide based novel thrombin inhibitors.
Visible Light Induced C2 Alkylation of 2H‐Benzoxazoles with Cycloalkanes and Ethers via Selectfluor‐Mediated Oxidation
Authors: Chen Bo , Huang Zhen , Hu Zhi‐Gang , Liu Xing‐Hai , Weng Jian‐Quan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn efficient selectfluor‐oxidative protocol was developed for the direct C2‐alkylation of 2H‐benzoxazoles with cycloalkanes and ethers. Selectfluor can effectively promote the oxidative cross‐coupling without an external catalyst under the visible light irradiation at room temperature. This alkylation reaction tolerates a wide range of functional groups affording 48 examples of the C2‐alkylated 2H‐benzoxazoles in moderate to good yields.
Chiral Hydroxamic Acid Ligands in Asymmetric Synthesis: The Evolution of Metal‐Catalyzed Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Janardan Pawar Tushar , Bonilla‐Landa Israel , Reyes‐Luna Alfonso , Barrera‐Méndez. Felipe , Javier Enríquez‐Medrano Francisco , Enrique Díaz‐de‐León‐Gómez Ramón , Luis Olivares‐Romero José 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAsymmetric oxidation reaction is one of the significant pathways in stereoselective reactions, which is a prominent performer in academic and industrial research. However, ligands are vital for planning an ideal metal‐catalyzed asymmetric oxidation reaction as they interact with the metal to construct catalytically active metal complexes, which can catalyze numerous asymmetric reactions. Designing and synthesizing novel chiral ligands is essential for researchers in modern asymmetric synthesis. In this course, exploring the applicability and the survey of hydroxamic acid as a vital ligand has been presented, which is essential for various metal‐catalyzed transformations.