bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-slice CT Analysis and Identification of Anatomical Types of Segmental
Bronchi in Right Superior Lobe
Authors: Javed Saeed , Mei Yixuan , Zhang Yi , Wan Dian , Liu Hailan , Liu Cheng , Liu Shuwei 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
The aims were to assess different branching patterns of segmental bronchi in the right superior lobe (RSL), as well as to investigate the anatomical diversity and sex-related variations of these branches in a large sample of the research population.

Methods:
10,000 participants (5428 males, and 4,572 females, mean age 50+/-13.5 years [SD] years; age range: 3-91 years) who underwent multi-slice CT (MSCT) scans from September 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively included. The data were applied to generate three-dimensional (3D) and virtual bronchoscopy (VB) simulations of a bronchial tree using the syngo.via post-processing workstation. Following that, the reconstructed images were interpreted to identify and categorize various bronchial patterns in the RSL. Cross-tabulation analysis and the Pearson chi-square test (χ2) were used to calculate the component ratios of bronchial branch types and determine their relevance between male and female groups.

Results:
Our results revealed mainly six types for the RSL bronchial tree, i.e., (B1, B2, B3, 60.70%); (B1+2, B3, 18.72%); (B2+3, B1, 6.68%); (B1+3, B2, 7.57%); (B1, B2, B3, B*, 3.19%); (B1a+B3, B1b+B2, 3.14%). There were significant sex-related differences in the proportion of bronchial branches in the RSL (P< 0.05).

Conclusion:
The current study has validated the presence of segmental bronchial variations in the RSL. These findings may have significant implications for diagnosing symptomatic patients and performing particular procedures, including bronchoscopy, endotracheal intubation, and lung resection.
Relationship of the Characteristic Imaging Findings of Breast Cancer with
Molecular Subtypes in Young Women
Authors: Temel Emirhan , Elverici Eda , Sarı Engin , Özsoy Arzu , Akbaş Doğan Mutlu , Kulaçoğlu Sezer 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The characteristic imaging findings of breast cancer in young women are not yet fully understood. It causes a delay in diagnosis by mixing with benign findings.

Objective:
To evaluate the relationship between the imaging and histopathological features of breast cancer in women aged under 40 years.

Methods:
In our center, 537 suspicious lesions were detected in a total of 15,223 adult female patients under 40 years who were evaluated by breast ultrasonography (US). As a result of the mammographic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analysis, 101 lesions meeting the study criteria were included in the sample.

Results:
The luminal subtypes of breast cancer mostly visualized as irregularly shaped spiculated lesions with calcification and architectural distortion mammography and presented as masses that were sometimes accompanied by increased echogenicity in the surrounding tissue on US. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) enriched subtypes mostly had microlobulated or indistinct margins with heterogeneous echoes accompanied by high calcification on mammography. The triple-negative (TN) subtypes generally appeared as microlobulated lesions with angular or indistinct margins, hypo echogenicity, posterior enhancement or shadowing, and vascularization.

Conclusion:
Some radiological features of breast cancer in young women were found to be associated with molecular subtypes similar to other age groups in the literature. However, unlike other age groups, the incidences of the HER2-enriched subtype presenting with only calcification, TN subtypes presenting with circumscribed masses, and calcification were found to be low among the young women in our study.
Researches on Detection of Related Substances in Drugs
Authors: Qi Jianzhong , Wang Hongli , Dai Lu , Shi Lei , Hao Yanjun , Chen Haigang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:The production of drugs is very complicated. In the process of preparation and transportation, mixing a small amount of reaction raw materials, intermediates, and storage degradation products is inevitable, which affect the quality of drugs. The quality of drugs not only affects the efficacy, but also produces unpredictable side effects and toxicity, which is directly related to people's life and health. The detection of drug quality has always been the focus of attention. Related substance research is one of the key projects in drug quality research, and its content is a direct indicator of drug purity. Therefore, it is very important to establish the content standard of drug related substances and develop the detection method of related substances. The related substances of drugs are rich in variety, with different physical and chemical properties, and the components of related substances, such as degradation products need further analysis, which makes it difficult to effectively apply the detection methods. After years of research, the detection methods of related substances are constantly updated and improved. At present, the detection methods of related substances involve physical, chemical, and other fields, including chemical methods, chromatography, and spectroscopy. In this paper, the research progress of detection methods for related substances in drugs in recent years was reviewed, and the types, features, and application scope of detection methods were summarized, providing reference for quality control of chemical synthetic drugs and traditional Chinese medicines. Therefore, this work provides new ideas for the development of more accurate and efficient detection methods.
Radioprotective Effect of Piperine, as a Major Component of Black Pepper,
Against Radiation-induced Colon Injury: Biochemical and Histological
Studies
Authors: Safarbalou Asal , Ebrahimi Fatemeh , Amiri Fereshteh Talebpour , Hosseinimehr Seyed Jalal 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Patients undergoing radiotherapy are prone to radiation-induced gastrointestinal
injury. Piperine is an alkaloid component in black pepper with a unique chemopreventive
activity against oxidative stress-related damage in healthy tissues. The purpose of this study was to
investigate the effects of piperine on intestinal damage.

Methods:
In this study, mice were divided into eight groups: including the control, piperine (10,
25, and 50 mg/kg), radiation (6 Gy), and piperine+radiation (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg + 6 Gy) groups.
The radioprotective effects of piperine were evaluated by biochemical (MDA, GSH, and PC) and
histopathological assessments in colon tissues.

Results:
The 10 mg/kg dose of piperine significantly reduced the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers
compared to the group that received only radiation. In addition, pre-treatment with 10
mg/kg piperine diminished the histopathological changes like vascular congestion in the submucosa,
while the dose of 50 mg/kg led to the infiltration of inflammatory cells.

Conclusion:
Based on this study, it is concluded that piperine, at low dose, with its antioxidant
properties, could reduce the colon damage caused by radiation.
Biocatalytic Attributes of Laccase and its Applications in Bioremediation
Authors: Sharma Divya , Sharma Manisha , Sehgal Rutika , Borkar Sunita , Gupta Reena 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Laccases are proteins with multiple copper atoms that utilize molecular oxygen to catalyze
the oxidation of organic compounds by a radical-catalyzed mechanism. They are the main focus
of researchers due to their varied applications, for example, waste detoxification, textile transformation,
and biosensor applications. Laccases help in the degradation of xenobiotics, such as polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, and chlorinated phenolics. They are used to bleach textiles
and decolorize dyes. They also play a bioremediatory role in the pulp and paper industry for
the detoxification of effluent.

:
Moreover, laccases help in the removal of detrimental micropollutants, such as nonylphenol and bisphenol
A. They also degrade wastewater contaminants, such as 2-hydroxybiphenyl, naproxen, and
diethyl phthalate. The remarkable biocatalytic attributes of laccases, coupled with their wide range
of applications, make them a promising solution for the treatment of pollutants and contaminants.
The Polarization of Clinician and Service Staff Perspectives After the Use of Health Information Technology in Youth Mental Health Services: Implementation and Evaluation Study
Authors: McKenna Sarah , Piper Sarah , Capon William , Crowley Alison , Lira Lucas , LaMonica Haley M , Chong Min Kyung , Scott Elizabeth , Hickie Ian , Iorfino Frank 
Published: July 2023

Background
Highly personalized care is substantially improved by technology platforms that assess and track patient outcomes. However, evidence regarding how to successfully implement technology in real-world mental health settings is limited.

Objective
This study aimed to naturalistically monitor how a health information technology (HIT) platform was used within 2 real-world mental health service settings to gain practical insights into how HIT can be implemented and sustained to improve mental health service delivery.

Methods
An HIT (The Innowell Platform) was naturally implemented in 2 youth mental health services in Sydney, Australia. Web-based surveys (n=19) and implementation logs were used to investigate staff attitudes toward technology before and after implementation. Descriptive statistics were used to track staff attitudes over time, whereas qualitative thematic analysis was used to explore implementation log data to gain practical insights into useful implementation strategies in real-world settings.

Results
After the implementation, the staff were nearly 3 times more likely to agree that the HIT would improve care for their clients (3/12, 25% agreed before the implementation compared with 7/10, 70% after the implementation). Despite this, there was also an increase in the number of staff who disagreed that the HIT would improve care (from 1/12, 8% to 2/10, 20%). There was also decreased uncertainty (from 6/12, 50% to 3/10, 30%) about the willingness of the service to implement the technology for its intended purpose, with similar increases in the number of staff who agreed and disagreed with this statement. Staff were more likely to be uncertain about whether colleagues in my service are receptive to changes in clinical processes (not sure rose from 5/12, 42% to 7/10, 70%). They were also more likely to report that their service already provides the best mental health care (agreement rose from 7/12, 58% to 8/10, 80%). After the implementation, a greater proportion of participants reported that the HIT enabled shared or collaborative decision-making with young people (2/10, 20%, compared with 1/12, 8%), enabled clients to proactively work on their mental health care through digital technologies (3/10, 30%, compared with 2/12, 16%), and improved their response to suicidal risk (4/10, 40% compared with 3/12, 25%).

Conclusions
This study raises important questions about why clinicians, who have the same training and support in using technology, develop more polarized opinions on its usefulness after implementation. It seems that the uptake of HIT is heavily influenced by a clinician’s underlying beliefs and attitudes toward clinical practice in general as well as the role of technology, rather than their knowledge or the ease of use of the HIT in question.
Effects of Web-Based Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Among Frontline Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Jia-ming , Ye Hua , Long Yi , Zhu Qiang , Huang Hui , Zhong Yan-biao , Luo Yun , Yang Lei , Wang Mao-yuan 
Published: July 2023

Background
Since 2019, the COVID-19 outbreak has spread around the world, and health care workers, as frontline workers, have faced tremendous psychological stress.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to explore whether web-based mindfulness-based interventions continue to have a positive impact on anxiety, depression, and stress among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) participants were frontline health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) the experimental group was a web-based mindfulness-based intervention; (3) the control group used either general psychological intervention or no intervention; (4) outcome indicators included scales to assess anxiety, depression, and stress; and (5) the study type was a randomized controlled study. Studies that did not meet the above requirements were excluded. We searched 9 databases, including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Database, for randomized controlled studies on the effects of web-based mindfulness-based interventions on common mental disorder symptoms among health care workers from January 1, 2020, to October 20, 2022. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Subgroup analysis was used to look for sources of heterogeneity and to explore whether the results were the same for subgroups under different conditions. Sensitivity analysis was used to verify the stability of the pooled results.

Results
A total of 10 randomized controlled studies with 1311 participants were included. The results showed that web-based mindfulness-based interventions were effective in reducing the symptoms of anxiety (standard mean difference [SMD]=–0.63, 95% CI –0.96 to –0.31, P<.001, I2=87%), depression (SMD=–0.52, 95% CI –0.77 to –0.26, P<.001, I2=75%), and stress (SMD=–0.20, 95% CI –0.35 to –0.05, P=.01, I2=58%) among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, but with wide CIs and high heterogeneity.

Conclusions
Web-based mindfulness-based interventions may be effective in reducing the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress among frontline health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this effect is relatively mild and needs to be further explored by better studies in the future.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42022343727; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=343727
Adult Patients’ Experiences of Using a Patient Portal With a Focus on Perceived Benefits and Difficulties, and Perceptions on Privacy and Security: Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Son Elisa H , Nahm Eun-Shim 
Published: July 2023

Background
Patient portals can facilitate patient engagement in care management. Driven by national efforts over the past decade, patient portals are being implemented by hospitals and clinics nationwide. Continuous evaluation of patient portals and reflection of feedback from end users across care settings are needed to make patient portals more user-centered after the implementation.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experience of using a patient portal in adult patients recruited from a variety of care settings, focusing on their perceived benefits and difficulties of using the patient portal, and trust and concerns about privacy and security.

Methods
This qualitative descriptive study was part of a cross-sectional digital survey research to examine the comprehensive experience of using a patient portal in adult patients recruited from 20 care settings from hospitals and clinics of a large integrated health care system in the mid-Atlantic area of the United States. Those who had used a patient portal offered by the health care system in the past 12 months were eligible to participate in the survey. Data collected from 734 patients were subjected to descriptive statistics and content analysis.

Results
The majority of the participants were female and non-Hispanic White with a mean age of 53.1 (SD 15.34) years. Content analysis of 1589 qualitative comments identified 22 themes across 4 topics: beneficial aspects (6 themes) and difficulties (7 themes) in using the patient portal; trust (5 themes) and concerns (4 themes) about privacy and security of the patient portal. Most of the participants perceived the patient portal functions as beneficial for communicating with health care teams and monitoring health status and care activities. At the same time, about a quarter of them shared difficulties they experienced while using those functions, including not getting eMessage responses timely and difficulty finding information in the portal. Protected log-in process and trust in health care providers were the most mentioned reasons for trusting privacy and security of the patient portal. The most mentioned reason for concerns about privacy and security was the risk of data breaches such as hacking attacks and identity theft.

Conclusions
This study provides an empirical understanding of the lived experience of using a patient portal in adult patient users across care settings with a focus on the beneficial aspects and difficulties in using the patient portal, and trust and concerns about privacy and security. Our study findings can serve as a valuable reference for health care institutions and software companies to implement more user-centered, secure, and private patient portals. Future studies may consider targeting other patient portal programs and patients with infrequent or nonuse of patient portals.
Cause of Death in Patients with Oropharyngeal Carcinoma by Human Papillomavirus Status: Comparative Data Analysis
Authors: Zhang Dong-Dong , Lei Min , Wang Yue , Zeng Pei-Ji , Hong Yong-Jun , Cai Cheng-Fu 
Published: July 2023

Background
The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) has increased in recent decades, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of OPSCC. The data regarding causes of death (CODs) are vitally important in informing follow-up strategies and revising treatment strategies to deal with any possible preventable treatment-related COD. However, limited studies have assessed the competing COD by HPV status in patients with OPSCC.

Objective
We aimed to analyze the distribution of the competing COD according to HPV status in OPSCC.

Methods
We retrospectively included stage I-IVB patients with OPSCC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2010 and 2015. The association between HPV status and head and neck cancer–specific mortality (HNCSM), second primary cancer mortality (SPCM), and noncancer-caused mortality (NCCM) were analyzed. The chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Fine and Gray model were used for statistical analysis.

Results
We included 5852 patients in this study and 73.2% (n=4283) of them had HPV-related tumors. A total of 1537 (26.3%) patients died, including 789 (51.3%), 333 (21.7%), and 415 (27%) patients who died from head and neck cancer, second cancer, and noncancer causes, respectively. The 5-year HNCSM, SPCM, NCCM, and overall mortality were 14.7%, 6.5%, 7.7%, and 26.4%, respectively. Those with HPV-positive disease had a lower cumulative incidence of HNCSM (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 0.362, 95% CI 0.315-0.417; P<.001), SPCM (sHR 0.400, 95% CI 0.321-0.496; P<.001), and NCCM (sHR 0.460, 95% CI 0.378-0.560; P<.001) than those with HPV-negative disease. The 5-year risk of HNCSM was 26.9% and 10.7% in those with HPV-negative and HPV-positive disease, respectively (P<.001). The 5-year risk of SPCM was 12.4% and 4.6% in those with HPV-negative and HPV-positive disease, respectively (P<.001). The 5-year risk of NCCM of death was 13.7% and 5.8% in those with HPV-negative and HPV-positive disease, respectively (P<.001). Using the Fine and Gray competing-risks model, our results show that those with HPV-negative tumors had a significantly higher risk of HNCSM (P<.001), SPCM (P<.001), and NCCM (P<.001) than those with HPV-negative tumors.

Conclusions
HPV-positive OPSCC has a lower NCSM, SPCM, and NCCM as compared to those with HPV-negative OPSCC. HPV positivity is a favorable prognostic factor in the context of overcoming cancer as well as in terms of reducing the risk of other CODs in OPSCC. Our finding supports the need to tailor patient follow-up based on the HPV status of patients with OPSCC.
Guideline-Adherent Physiotherapy for Patients With Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis in Germany: Protocol for an Implementation Research Project Using the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Behavior Change Wheel
Authors: Bahns Carolin , Scheffler Bettina , Kopkow Christian 
Published: July 2023

Background
Hip and knee osteoarthritis is common and leads to pain, stiffness, and disability. Clinical practice guidelines provide recommendations based on the best available evidence to assist health care professionals and patients in clinical decision-making. However, several studies have reported a gap between guideline recommendations and clinical practice in physiotherapy. Improved implementation strategies and the removal of existing barriers may facilitate the transfer of evidence into clinical practice and contribute to optimized quality of care.

Objective
This paper presents the protocol for a study that aims to describe the current physiotherapy practice in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis and to investigate physiotherapists’ adherence to clinical practice guidelines, to identify and specify barriers to and facilitators of guideline use and implementation, and to develop and pilot test a theory-based tailored implementation intervention aiming to increase guideline use in osteoarthritis care.

Methods
The research project is divided into 4 parts. During the first part, we will conduct a nationwide web-based survey among German physiotherapists to evaluate the current management of hip and knee osteoarthritis and to evaluate whether treatment aligns with guideline recommendations. Subsequently, semistructured interviews will be conducted to specify barriers to and facilitators of guideline use and implementation among physiotherapists (part 2). On the basis of these findings, in part 3, we will develop a theory-driven implementation intervention based on the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Behavior Change Wheel, which will be evaluated in a controlled pilot study in terms of effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability (part 4).

Results
Data collection of the web-based survey among German physiotherapists (part 1) was completed in December 2021. The semistructured interviews (part 2) were conducted between January and September 2023. Recruitment of physiotherapy practices to participate in the development of the implementation intervention is expected to start in January 2024.

Conclusions
This research project aims to develop a theory-driven implementation intervention to facilitate the transfer of evidence from hip and knee osteoarthritis guidelines in physiotherapy practice. We hypothesize that successful implementation will lead to increased guideline adherence in physiotherapists, which in turn will improve the quality of care. The results from our project will provide valuable knowledge concerning the development process and effectiveness of tailored implementation interventions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/47834