bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between the interictal epileptiform discharge source connectivity and cortical structural couplings in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Li Zhensheng , Jiang Che , Gao Quwen , Xiang Wei , Qi Zijuan , Peng Kairun , Lin Jian , Wang Wei , Deng Bingmei , Wang Weimin 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore the relation between interictal epileptiform discharge (IED) source connectivity and cortical structural couplings (SCs) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).MethodsHigh-resolution 3D-MRI and 32-sensor EEG data from 59 patients with TLE were collected. Principal component analysis was performed on the morphological data on MRI to obtain the cortical SCs. IEDs were labeled from EEG data and averaged. The standard low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analysis was performed to locate the source of the average IEDs. Phase-locked value was used to evaluate the IED source connectivity. Finally, correlation analysis was used to compare the IED source connectivity and the cortical SCs.ResultsThe features of the cortical morphology in left and right TLE were similar across four cortical SCs, which could be mainly described as the default mode network, limbic regions, connections bilateral medial temporal, and connections through the ipsilateral insula. The IED source connectivity at the regions of interest was negatively correlated with the corresponding cortical SCs.SignificanceThe cortical SCs were confirmed to be negatively related to IED source connectivity in patients with TLE as detected with MRI and EEG coregistered data. These findings suggest the important role of intervening IEDs in treating TLE.
Characterization of the structural, physicochemical, and functional properties of soluble dietary fibers obtained from the peanut shell using different extraction methods
Authors: Wang Lei , Fan Rui , Yan Yanhua , Yang Shuo , Wang Xuesong , Zheng Baiqin 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo propose a possible solution for a peanut by-product, peanut shell (PS), this study evaluated the effects of different methods, including enzymatic extraction (E-SDF), microwave extraction (M-SDF), and pulsed electric field extraction (PEF-SDF), on the characterization of soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) from PS.MethodsWe determined the physicochemical properties, including water- and oil-holding capacities (WHC and OHC), emulsifying properties, rheological properties, functional properties, including pancreatic lipase activity inhibition (PRAI), glucose and cholesterol adsorption capacities (GAC and CAC), and the structural properties of SDFs.ResultsThe results showed that PEF-SDF possessed the highest WHC, OHC, and emulsifying properties. M-SDF and PEF-SDF appeared to have more complex and porous structures, and they showed small molecular weights. Notably, PEF-SDF showed the strongest capacities in CAC, GAC, and PRAI.ConclusionsThe results indicate that PEF-SDF is a potential SDF preparation method for a promising dietary fiber (DF) source, PS.
Combination of ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI-based radiomics and artificial neural network in assessing BI-RADS 4 breast lesions: Potential to avoid unnecessary biopsies
Authors: Lyu Yidong , Chen Yan , Meng Lingsong , Guo Jinxia , Zhan Xiangyu , Chen Zhuo , Yan Wenjun , Zhang Yuyan , Zhao Xin , Zhang Yanwu 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate whether combining radiomics extracted from ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) with an artificial neural network enables differentiation of MR BI-RADS 4 breast lesions and thereby avoids false-positive biopsies.MethodsThis retrospective study consecutively included patients with MR BI-RADS 4 lesions. The ultrafast imaging was performed using Differential sub-sampling with cartesian ordering (DISCO) technique and the tenth and fifteenth postcontrast DISCO images (DISCO-10 and DISCO-15) were selected for further analysis. An experienced radiologist used freely available software (FAE) to perform radiomics extraction. After principal component analysis (PCA), a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (ANN) to distinguish between malignant and benign lesions was developed and tested using a random allocation approach. ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance.Results173 patients (mean age 43.1 years, range 18–69 years) with 182 lesions (95 benign, 87 malignant) were included. Three types of independent principal components were obtained from the radiomics based on DISCO-10, DISCO-15, and their combination, respectively. In the testing dataset, ANN models showed excellent diagnostic performance with AUC values of 0.915-0.956. Applying the high-sensitivity cutoffs identified in the training dataset demonstrated the potential to reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies by 63.33%-83.33% at the price of one false-negative diagnosis within the testing dataset.ConclusionsThe ultrafast DCE-MRI radiomics-based machine learning model could classify MR BI-RADS category 4 lesions into benign or malignant, highlighting its potential for future application as a new tool for clinical diagnosis.
Spatially resolved transcriptomics revealed local invasion-related genes in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Hong-Tao , Chen Si-Yuan , Peng Ling-Long , Zhong Li , Zhou Li , Liao Si-Qi , Chen Zhi-Ji , Wang Qing-Liang , He Song , Zhou Zhi-Hang 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveLocal invasion is the first step of metastasis, the main cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related death. Recent studies have revealed extensive intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity. Here, we focused on revealing local invasion-related genes in CRC. MethodsWe used spatial transcriptomic techniques to study the process of local invasion in four CRC tissues. First, we compared the pre-cancerous, cancer center, and invasive margin in one section (S115) and used pseudo-time analysis to reveal the differentiation trajectories from cancer center to invasive margin. Next, we performed immunohistochemical staining for RPL5, STC1, AKR1B1, CD47, and HLA-A on CRC samples. Moreover, we knocked down AKR1B1 in CRC cell lines and performed CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays to assess cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.ResultsWe demonstrated that 13 genes were overexpressed in invasive clusters, among which the expression of CSTB and TM4SF1 was correlated with poor PFS in CRC patients. The ribosome pathway was increased, while the antigen processing and presentation pathway was decreased along CRC progression. RPL5 was upregulated, while HLA-A was downregulated along cancer invasion in CRC samples. Pseudo-time analysis revealed that STC1, AKR1B1, SIRPA, C4orf3, EDNRA, CES1, PRRX1, EMP1, PPIB, PLTP, SULF2, and EGFL6 were unpregulated along the trajectories. Immunohistochemic3al staining showed the expression of STC1, AKR1B1, and CD47 was increased along cancer invasion in CRC samples. Knockdown of AKR1B1 inhibited CRC cells’ proliferation, migration, and invasion.ConclusionsWe revealed the spatial heterogeneity within CRC tissues and uncovered some novel genes that were associated with CRC invasion.
Unexpected breast cancer mimicking benign lesions on ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted excision biopsy: A retrospective cross-sectional study over a 20-year period
Authors: Zhou Wu , Luo Honghao , Zhao Haina , Peng Yulan 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesThis study investigated the occurrence rate of unexpected breast cancer (UEBC) mimicking benign lesions [Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 3 or 4a] using ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted excision biopsy (US-VAEB), and explored the factors responsible for late diagnosis of T2 stage UEBC.Materials and methodsWe collected clinicopathologic data and preoperative US imaging features within 3 months before US-VAEB of patients who were diagnosed with UEBC from January 2002 to September 2022. The UEBC were divided into T1 and T2 stageUEBC. The US imaging features as well as clinical and pathological information of T1 and T2 stage UEBC were compared to explore the factors responsible for late diagnosis of T2 stage UEBC.ResultsBreast cancer was diagnosed in 91 of 19 306 patients who underwent US-VAEB. We excluded eight patients with breast cancer assigned to BI-RADS 4b category by preoperative US, and two for whom US imaging records were unavailable. Finally, we enrolled 81 patients. The occurrence rate of UEBC after US-VAEB was 0.42%(81/19296). Of the 81 cases of UEBC, 22 were at T2 stage. The ratio of T2 stage UEBC was 27.2%. The differences in risk factor of breast cancer and routine breast US screening between T1 and T2 stage UEBC were significant[96.6% (57/59) vs 81.8% (18/22), 44.1% (26/59) vs 13.6% (3/22), respectively, P&lt;0.05).ConclusionUEBC was rarely detected by US-VAEB. Most cases of T2 stage UEBC were diagnosed late because of the absence of routine US screening and risk factors for breast cancer. Stricter clinical management regulations for breast lesions and performing regular US screening may be helpful to reduce T2 stage UEBC.
The surge of RSV and other respiratory viruses among children during the second COVID-19 pandemic winter season
Authors: Riepl Angela , Straßmayr Lena , Voitl Peter , Ehlmaier Paulina , Voitl Julian J. M. , Langer Klara , Kuzio Ulrike , Mühl-Riegler Alexandra , Mühl Bernhard , Diesner-Treiber Susanne C. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe non-pharmaceutical measures in the first Covid-19 winter season significantly impacted respiratory pathogens such as RSV, influenza, or metapneumovirus, which cause respiratory infections, especially in infants and young children. This longitudinal prospective study aimed to determine how less strict measures affect the pathogen profile in the second winter season.MethodsFrom September 2021 till the end of March 2022, 678 children (0–36 months) admitted to Vienna's largest pediatric center with an acute respiratory infection were enrolled in this study. The researchers performed nasal swabs and tested them by multiplex PCR for 23 respiratory pathogens, chronicled clinical features and treatment, and analyzed the effect of lockdown on the pathogen prevalence.ResultsThe 815 smears of 678 children revealed the most common pathogens to be rhino-/enterovirus (38.5%), RSV (26.7%), and metapneumovirus (7.2%). The lockdown interrupted the early RSV onset in September [RR 0.367, CI (0.184–0.767), p = 0.003], while no effects on the other pathogens were found. Metapneumovirus started circulating in January. Influenza was only sporadically detected. The hospitalization rate was significantly higher than last season due to RSV [OR 4.089, 95%CI (1.414–11.827), p-adj = 0.05].ConclusionWith more flexible non-pharmaceutical measures, children aged 0–36 months started presenting again with viral pathogens, such as RSV and metapneumovirus. RSV, associated with a high hospitalization rate, had a very early onset with an abrupt interruption due to the only lockdown.
Linear plasma device GyM for plasma-material interaction studies
Authors: Uccello Andrea , Bin William , Bruschi Alessandro , Causa Federica , Cremona Anna , De Angeli Marco , Farina Daniela , Gatto Giuseppe , Gervasini Gabriele , Ghezzi Francesco , Gittini Giuseppe , Granucci Gustavo , Grosso Giovanni , Laguardia Laura , Lontano Maurizio , Mellera Vittoria , Minelli Daniele , Nardone Antonio , Pedroni Matteo , Ripamonti Federico , Rispoli Natale , Vassallo Espedito , Ricci Daria 
Published: February 2023

GyM is a linear plasma device operating at Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, with the original aim of studying basic plasma physics, such as turbulent processes. Since 2014, GyM experimental program has been mainly focused on the issue of plasma-material interaction (PMI) for magnetic confinement nuclear fusion applications. GyM consists of a stainless steel vacuum chamber (radius and length of 0.125 m and 2.11 m), a pumping system, a gas injection system, 10 magnetic field coils and two magnetron sources at 2.45 GHz, capable of delivering a total microwave power up to 4.5 kW. Highly reproducible steady-state plasmas of different gas species, at a maximum working pressure of ∼10−1 Pa, can be obtained by electron cyclotron resonance heating in the resonance layer at 87.5 mT. Plasmas of GyM have electron and ion temperature ≤15 eV and ∼0.1 eV, respectively. The electron density is in the range of 1015–1017 m−3 and the ion flux is ≤5 × 1020 ions⋅m−2s−1. Main plasma diagnostics of GyM comprise Langmuir probes, an optical emission spectrometer, a mass spectrometer and a fast camera system equipped with an image intensifier unit. For the purpose of investigating the topic of PMI, GyM is provided with two sample exposure systems. Both are biasable at a negative bias voltage down to −400 V, to tune the energy of the impinging ions. One of them is also equipped with a heating lamp and can reach and sustain a temperature of 990 K for several hours, thus allowing to study the role of sample temperature during the plasma-material interaction. This contribution presents the layout of GyM, the diagnostics, the sample exposure systems and the typical plasma parameters. A brief overview of the main PMI activities carried out so far and a description of future machine upgrades are also given.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on relapse of individuals with severe mental illness and their caregiver's burden
Authors: Nooraeen Sara , Bazargan-Hejazi Shahrzad , Naserbakht Morteza , Vahidi Camelia , Shojaerad Farideh , Mousavi Seyedeh Sahar , Malakouti Seyed Kazem 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe implementation of quarantine and social distancing measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic led to restrictions at the community level and most of in-person psychiatric services were discontinued. This situation could affect the psychopathology of the patients and the burden of their caregivers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on people with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) and their caregivers' burden.MethodThe study sample consisted of 86 patients with severe mental illness and 86 caregivers. The mental status, relapse rate, and rehospitalization rate of the patients and the general health status and burden of caregivers were investigated in three waves, including before and 3 and 6 months after the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsThe relapse rate of the patients was 14%, 33.7%, and 43% (p = 0.000) and the rehospitalization rate was 4.7%, 7%, and 10.5% in waves 0, 1, and 2, respectively (p = 0.000). Most of the psychopathological scales increased in three waves (p = 0.000). The caregivers' burden and health condition worsened during the nine months of the study as well (p = 0.000).ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic led to the exacerbation of symptoms and increased the relapse rate in people with SMIs. It also worsened the caregivers' condition. People with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) and their caregivers are one of the most vulnerable groups on which the COVID-19 pandemic had a marked negative effect.
Inclusive community playgrounds benefit typically developing children: An objective analysis of physical activity
Authors: Stevens Wilshaw R. , Borchard Justine M. , Sleeper Paige , Dempsey Dana , Jeans Kelly A. , Jo Chan-Hee , Tulchin-Francis Kirsten 
Published: February 2023

PurposeLimited research is available on the physical activity levels of children while playing on an inclusive playground, specifically designed to accommodate children with physical disabilities. The aims of this study were to objectively measure ambulatory activity and heart rate (HR) of children during unstructured play on an inclusive community playground.MethodsTypically developing children at least 4 years of age were recruited to play freely upon entering the playground. Participants wore a StepWatch4 Activity Monitor and a Polar V800 Sport Watch. Ambulatory measures included total steps, percentage of recommended steps, total ambulatory time (TAT), bout intensity levels/duration periods. Time spent in HR zones and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was determined.Results95 children (48 males; Avg. age: 7 ± 2 years.) were included in this study. Children played for 31.8 ± 14.7 min., were ambulatory for 25.9 ± 12.0 min., took 1826 ± 824 steps, and accumulated 17 ± 8% of the recommended daily step count. Ambulatory bout intensity was predominantly lower intensity and bout durations varied in length. 99% of the play time was spent at a moderate HR or higher. Significant correlations were found between ambulatory and HR measures (ρ range from 0.23 to 0.99, p &lt; 0.05), and 7–10 yo children spent a significantly higher percentage of TAT at higher intensity ambulation (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsTypically developing children can achieve moderate or higher intensity exercise and HR on an inclusive playground. Both typically developing children and those with disabilities, would benefit from a setting where they can interact and participate in parallel play with their peers.
Study of the effectiveness of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, marine based fatty acid compounds (PCSO-524 and EAB-277), and carprofen for the treatment of dogs with hip osteoarthritis: A prospective, block-randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Kampa Naruepon , Kaenkangploo Duangdaun , Jitpean Supranee , Srithunyarat Thanikul , Seesupa Suvaluk , Hoisang Somphong , Yongvanit Karn , Kamlangchai Phanthit , Tuchpramuk Pongsatorn , Lascelles B. Duncan X. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionGlucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate are commonly used in dogs with OA, but evidence around efficacy is mixed. This study evaluated the effectiveness of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, marine based fatty acid compounds (PCSO-524 and EAB-277), and carprofen for the alleviation of canine hip OA pain. This was a prospective, block-randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.MethodsSeventy-five owned pet dogs with hip OA were assigned randomly into five treatment groups: PCSO-524, Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, EAB-277, carprofen, and Placebo (sunflower oil). Peak vertical force (PVF) and subjective orthopedic assessment scores (OAS) were evaluated before treatment (week 0), and at weeks 2, 4, and 6 during treatment.ResultsAt week 2, the carprofen group showed a significant increase in PVF (3.14 ± 5.33; mean ± SD). After 4 weeks, the increases in PVF of the PCSO-524 (3.90 ± 3.52), EAB-277 (4.17 ± 4.94), and carprofen (3.08 ± 5.87) groups were significant, and significantly greater than placebo (0.08 ± 1.90) and glucosamine (−0.05 ± 6.34) groups. After 6 weeks, the change of PVF in the PCSO-524 (4.14 ± 4.65), EAB-277 (4.45 ± 4.23), and carprofen (4.21 ± 6.52) groups were significant and significantly higher than the placebo group (−0.33 ± 3.65). The change in PVF in the glucosamine group (1.08 ± 5.49) lay between the placebo group and the other treatment groups. The OAS did not show any significant change in any group.DiscussionPCSO-524 and EAB-277, but not glucosamine/chondroitin, resulted in significant improvements in PVF from baseline after 4 weeks, and 6 weeks, and to a similar degree to that seen with carprofen.
Lesões de boca em pacientes soropositivos para HIV
Authors: Oliveira Antônio Barros de , Correia Stephanny Oliveira Aguilar , Pereira Cláudio Maranhão 
Published: February 2023

Introdução: A infecção pelo HIV e a sua evolução para a AIDS, inclui uma diversidade de manifestações clínicas decorrentes da debilidade imunológica provocada pelo HIV. As lesões bucais ocorrem com frequência em pacientes infectados pelo HIV, podendo ser a representação dos primeiros sinais da doença. Objetivo: O objetivo é realizar uma atualização das informações mais relevantes sobre as lesões em boca de pacientes soropositivos para HIV. Materiais e Métodos: A pesquisa realizada caracteriza-se como revisão bibliográfica, de caráter descritivo. O método utilizado para a coleta do material foi a pesquisa em meio eletrônico com uso de descritivos como “odontologia”, “lesões bucais”, “HIV”, termos similares e combinações desses termos. As buscas foram realizadas em indexadores de artigos científicos, como Scielo,Pubmed/Medline, BVS, Google Acadêmico, repositórios de instituições de ensino e periódicos especializados. As publicações escolhidas como corpus da pesquisa foram analisadas por meio do método de leitura, interpretação e comparação. Foram selecionados quarenta trabalhos realizados entre 2000 e 2022 que tratam da relação entre a odontologia e as lesões bucais de pacientes soropositivos para HIV. Resultado e Discussão: Os resultados mostraram que as lesões bucais mais comuns nos pacientes soropositivos para HIV, são candidíase, leucoplasia pilosa, doenças periodontais, queilite angular, gengivite ulcerativa, herpes zoster e sarcoma de Kaposi. Vale ressaltar que dentro da cadeia de assistência a saúde, o cirurgião dentista tem um papel fundamental e decisivo no reconhecimento precoce e o seu tratamento oportuno dessas lesões bucais, haja vista que mesmo com os movimentos de conscientização e tratamento de suporte de alta performance o número de pacientes soro positivos para HIV ainda é considerado alto a cada ano. Conclusão: Embora na atualidade os tratamentos antirretrovirais para HIV, melhoraram a expectativa de vida desse grupo de indivíduos, mesmo assim ainda se tem uma suscetibilidade às lesões bucais considerada alta, sendo a candidíase, leucoplasia pilosa, doenças periodontais, queilite angular, gengivite ulcerativa, herpes zoster e sarcoma de Kaposi as mais comuns nesses pacientes.
Metalobezoares: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Mendes Sara Araújo de Medeiros , Lima Hyale Melo , Nunes Leandra dos Reis , Gomes Matheus Henrique Garcia , Coelho Luciano Ribeiro , Nunes Letícia dos Reis , Neto João Coelho de Moraes , Petter Jobe 
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: realizar uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa para abordar os bezoares e o seu principal acometimento, explanando com maior enfoque o metalobezoar, que é o mais raro. Revisão bibliográfica: A ingestão de corpo estranho pode ser voluntária ou involuntária, sendo mais frequente em crianças, idosos, dependentes químicos e pacientes com distúrbios psiquiátricos. As manifestações clínicas geralmente são inespecíficas, insidiosas e progressivas, às vezes intermitentes, e apresentam estreita relação sintomática com o local, geralmente não apresentam sintomas, mas, quando apresentam, a grande maioria relata desconforto abdominal superior. O diagnóstico é feito com base na história clínica apenas quando conhecida a ingestão compulsiva ou crônica de materiais susceptíveis ou, em muitos casos, ocasionalmente por radiografia simples do abdômen ou endoscopia digestiva. A associação da presença de metalobezoar com distúrbios psiquiátricos é relevante, por conta disso avaliação e apoio psicológicos são os objetivos finais do tratamento. Considerações finais: A despeito da baixa incidência, metalobezoares devem ser considerados nos diagnósticos diferenciais de pacientes com distúrbios psiquiátricos que se apresentam com dor em andar superior do abdome e/ou vômitos.