bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase separation of α-crystallin-GFP protein and its implication in cataract disease
Authors: Shi Jie , Zhu Ya-Xi , Huang Rui-Yan , Bai Shao-Mei , Zheng Yu-Xing , Zheng Jian , Xia Zhao-Xia , Wang Yun-Long 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCataract, the leading cause of blindness worldwide, is caused by crystallin protein aggregation within the protected lens environment. Phase separation has been implicated as an important mechanism of protein aggregation diseases, such as neurodegeneration. Similarly, cataract has been proposed to be a protein condensation disease in the last century. However, whether crystallin proteins aggregate via a phase separation mechanism and which crystallin protein initiates the aggregation remain unclear. Here, we showed that all types of crystallin-GFP proteins remain soluble under physiological conditions, including protein concentrations, ion strength, and crowding environments. However, in age or disease-induced aberrant conditions, α-crystallin-GFP, including αA- and αB-crystallin-GFP, but not other crystallin-GFP proteins, undergo phase separation in vivo and in vitro. We found that aging-related changes, including higher crystallin concentrations, increased Na+, and decreased K+ concentrations, induced the aggregation of α-crystallin-GFP. Furthermore, H2O2, glucose, and sorbitol, the well-known risk factors for cataract, significantly enhanced the aggregation of αB-crystallin-GFP. Taken together, our results revealed that α-crystallin-GFP forms aggregates via a phase transition process, which may play roles in cataract disease. Opposite to the previously reported function of enhancing the solubility of other crystallin, α-crystallin may be the major aggregated crystallin in the lens of cataract patients.
Predicting prostate cancer in men with PSA levels of 4–10 ng/mL: MRI-based radiomics can help junior radiologists improve the diagnostic performance
Authors: Zhong Jian-Guo , Shi Lin , Liu Jing , Cao Fang , Ma Yan-Qing , Zhang Yang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo develop MRI-based radiomics model for predicting prostate cancer (PCa) in men with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of 4–10 ng/mL, to compare the performance of radiomics model and PI-RADS v2.1, and to further verify the predictive ability of radiomics model for lesions with different PI-RADS v2.1 score. 171 patients with PSA levels of 4–10 ng/mL were divided into training (n = 119) and testing (n = 52) groups. PI-RADS v2.1 score was assessed by two radiologists. All volumes of interest were segmented on T2-weighted imaging, diffusion weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient sequences, from which quantitative radiomics features were extracted. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to establish radiomics model for predicting PCa. The diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The radiomics model exhibited the best performance in predicting PCa, which was better than the performance of PI-RADS v2.1 scoring by the junior radiologist in the training group [area under the curve (AUC): 0.932 vs 0.803], testing group (AUC: 0.922 vs 0.797), and the entire cohort (AUC: 0.927 vs 0.801) (P < 0.05). The radiomics model performed well for lesions with PI-RADS v2.1 score of 3 (AUC = 0.854, sensitivity = 84.62%, specificity = 84.34%) and PI-RADS v2.1 score of 4–5 (AUC = 0.967, sensitivity = 98.11%, specificity = 86.36%) assigned by junior radiologist. The radiomics model quantitatively outperformed PI-RADS v2.1 for noninvasive prediction of PCa in men with PSA levels of 4–10 ng/mL. The model can help improve the diagnostic performance of junior radiologists and facilitate better decision-making by urologists for management of lesions with different PI-RADS v2.1 score.
Machine learning for post-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus prediction and personalized treatment recommendations
Authors: Zhang Jun , Lv Yingqi , Hou Jiaying , Zhang Chi , Yua Xuelu , Wang Yifan , Yang Ting , Su Xianghui , Ye Zheng , Li Ling 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPost-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM-A) is the main component of pancreatic exocrine diabetes mellitus. Timely diagnosis of PPDM-A improves patient outcomes and the mitigation of burdens and costs. We aimed to determine risk factors prospectively and predictors of PPDM-A in China, focusing on giving personalized treatment recommendations. Here, we identify and evaluate the best set of predictors of PPDM-A prospectively using retrospective data from 820 patients with acute pancreatitis at four centers by machine learning approaches. We used the L1 regularized logistic regression model to diagnose early PPDM-A via nine clinical variables identified as the best predictors. The model performed well, obtaining the best AUC = 0.819 and F1 = 0.357 in the test set. We interpreted and personalized the model through nomograms and Shapley values. Our model can accurately predict the occurrence of PPDM-A based on just nine clinical pieces of information and allows for early intervention in potential PPDM-A patients through personalized analysis. Future retrospective and prospective studies with multicentre, large sample populations are needed to assess the actual clinical value of the model.
Critical temperature shift modeling of confined fluids using pore-size-dependent energy parameter of potential function
Authors: Humand Mohammad , Khorsand Movaghar Mohammad Reza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe behavior and critical properties of fluids confined in nanoscale porous media differ from those of bulk fluids. This is well known as critical shift phenomenon or pore proximity effect among researchers. Fundamentals of critical shift modeling commenced with developing equations of state (EOS) based on the Lennard–Jones (L–J) potential function. Although these methods have provided somewhat passable predictions of pore critical properties, none represented a breakthrough in basic modeling. In this study, a cubic EOS is derived in the presence of adsorption for Kihara fluids, whose attractive term is a function of temperature. Accordingly, the critical temperature shift is modeled, and a new adjustment method is established in which, despite previous works, the bulk critical conditions of fluids are reliably met with a thermodynamic basis and not based on simplistic manipulations. Then, based on the fact that the macroscopic and microscopic theories of corresponding states are related, an innovative idea is developed in which the energy parameter of the potential function varies with regard to changes in pore size, and is not taken as a constant. Based on 94 available data points of critical shift reports, it is observed that despite L–J, the Kihara potential has sufficient flexibility to properly fit the variable energy parameters, and provide valid predictions of phase behavior and critical properties of fluids. Finally, the application of the proposed model is examined by predicting the vapor–liquid equilibrium properties of a ternary system that reduced the error of the L–J model by more than 6%.
Diffuse and concentrated nitrogen sewage pollution in island environments with differing treatment systems
Authors: Alldred F. C. , Gröcke D. R. , Leung C. Y. , Wright L. P. , Banfield N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMacroalgae is an under-utilised tool as a bioindicator of anthropogenic nitrogen loading to the coastal environment in the UK. This study compared two island systems—Jersey (Channel Islands) and St Mary’s (Isles of Scilly) to assess how differing sewerage infrastructure affects nitrogen loading. A total of 831 macroalgae samples of Fucus vesiculosus and Ulva sp. were analysed for nitrogen isotopes (δ15N). Elevated δ15N values were recorded for Jersey (> 9‰) in St Aubin’s Bay—caused by the outflow of the Bellozanne Sewerage Treatment Works (STW). δ15N isoplots maps indicate low diffusion of nitrogen out of St Aubin’s Bay. St Mary’s produced a varied δ15N isoplot map in comparison. δ15N was typically lower and is attributed to a smaller population and inefficient STW. Outflow of sewage/effluent at Morning Point, Hugh Town and Old Town produced elevated δ15N values in comparison to the island average. St Mary’s inefficient sewerage treatment and reliance on septic tanks/soakaways complicates δ15N interpretation although it still indicates that nitrogen pollution is an island-wide issue. Future sewerage development and upgrades on islands are required to prevent similar effluent environmental issues as recorded in St Aubin’s Bay. This study advocates the use of macroalgae as a bioindicator of nitrogen effluent in the marine environment.
40 years of actigraphy in sleep medicine and current state of the art algorithms
Authors: Patterson Matthew R. , Nunes Adonay A. S. , Gerstel Dawid , Pilkar Rakesh , Guthrie Tyler , Neishabouri Ali , Guo Christine C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor the last 40 years, actigraphy or wearable accelerometry has provided an objective, low-burden and ecologically valid approach to assess real-world sleep and circadian patterns, contributing valuable data to epidemiological and clinical insights on sleep and sleep disorders. The proper use of wearable technology in sleep research requires validated algorithms that can derive sleep outcomes from the sensor data. Since the publication of the first automated scoring algorithm by Webster in 1982, a variety of sleep algorithms have been developed and contributed to sleep research, including many recent ones that leverage machine learning and / or deep learning approaches. However, it remains unclear how these algorithms compare to each other on the same data set and if these modern data science approaches improve the analytical validity of sleep outcomes based on wrist-worn acceleration data. This work provides a systematic evaluation across 8 state-of-the-art sleep algorithms on a common sleep data set with polysomnography (PSG) as ground truth. Despite the inclusion of recently published complex algorithms, simple regression-based and heuristic algorithms demonstrated slightly superior performance in sleep-wake classification and sleep outcome estimation. The performance of complex machine learning and deep learning models seem to suffer from poor generalization. This independent and systematic analytical validation of sleep algorithms provides key evidence on the use of wearable digital health technologies for sleep research and care.
A capacitor mismatch calibration scheme for SAR ADC based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Huang Yujia , Meng Qiao , Li Fei , Song Xinyan , Wu Jie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCapacitor mismatch problem due to process variation causes weight error, which deteriorates the linearity of SAR ADC. In this paper, a novel calibration scheme based on genetic algorithm(GA) combined with a radix‐less‐than‐2 SAR ADC is proposed to extract the weight error caused by capacitor mismatch. This is a foreground calibration scheme and no extra injections are added. The proposed GA‐based calibration scheme is simulated based on 40 nm CMOS technology. After calibration, ENOB increases from 10.19 bits to 11.46 bits, INL changes from +2.22/−2.12 LSB to +0.81/−0.80 LSB, and DNL changes from +1.79/−1.00 LSB to +0.99/−1.00LSB. As can be seen from the simulation results, the proposed calibration scheme can effectively improve the linearity deterioration caused by capacitor mismatch.
Broadband impedance spectrum detection of buffer layer defects in 110 kV crosslinked polyethylene cable with corrugated aluminium sheath
Authors: Hao Yanpeng , Zhao Peng , Hui Baojun , Cheng Yanting , Zhu Wenbo , Fu Mingli , Li Xiaodong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe buffer layer defects of high‐voltage crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) cable occur frequently, which makes the detection method become the focus to be studied. Here, the broadband impedance detection technology for the buffer layer defects of high‐voltage XLPE cables with corrugated aluminium sheath is investigated. There are nine cable samples, including new and defective ones. Some of the defective cables are artificial, and the other is retired cables. The influence of wiring mode, the circumferential relative position of electrodes, cable length, artificial white powder, artificial damp, and retired defective cables on the impedance spectrum is studied. It is found that the wiring mode of the insulation shield/aluminium sheath at the end of the cable can effectively detect the buffer layer defects. And the broadband impedance amplitude spectrum of the buffer layer in defective cable, measuring at various circumferential relative positions, is obviously different. When there are white powders, air gaps, or ablation in the buffer layer, the broadband impedance spectrum (BIS) will increase by several times. When the buffer layer is damped, the BIS will reduce. The research here provides theoretical support and technical methods for the buffer layer defects of XLPE cable with corrugated aluminium sheath.
Integral‐type half‐tangent phase‐locked loop for more electric aircraft grids
Authors: Zhao Yiyun , Li Guangqi , Dai Zhiyong , Li Bingqiang , Lin Hui , Yang Jianwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, an integral‐type half‐tangent phase‐locked loop (IHTan‐PLL) is proposed for the varying‐frequency AC grids of more electric aircraft (MEA). First, the performance of the synchronous reference frame phase‐locked loop (SRF‐PLL) and half‐tangent phase‐locked loop (HTan‐PLL) is discussed from a large‐signal viewpoint. When the frequency changes largely, the SRF‐PLL has many oscillations and endures a rather long transient process. The HTan‐PLL can address the large frequency jumps. However, for the varying‐frequency AC grids with harmonic disturbances, the HTan‐PLL still has oscillations in estimating the frequency when the frequency jumps largely. To enhance the performance of the SRF‐PLL and HTan‐PLL, the IHTan‐PLL is developed for the varying‐frequency AC grids with harmonic disturbances. The IHTan‐PLL performs better than the SRF‐PLL and HTan‐PLL in addressing the large frequency jumps. Specifically, under any large frequency changes, the IHTan‐PLL still converges to the equilibrium point (0,0), and no oscillations emerge. In addition, the IHTan‐PLL has better steady‐state accuracy in estimating the frequency than the SRF‐PLL and HTan‐PLL. The experimental results also demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed IHTan‐PLL.
Whipple’s Disease – delay of diagnosis by immunosuppressive therapy; a case-series report
Authors: Obst Wilfried , Hoffmann Armin , Weigt Jochen , Canbay Ali , Malfertheiner Peter , Arnim Ulrike von 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Risk factors for the development of Whipple's disease
(WD) are largely unknown. Case reports, case series, and reviews suggest immunosuppressive
therapy as a potential triggering factor in WD. The low incidence of WD and non-specific
symptoms at disease onset contribute to the frequent delay of diagnosis. We describe our
centre´s experience on differences in the clinical presentation of patients with classic WD
compared to patients with “masked” WD because of immunosuppressive therapy.
Methods In this retrospective case series, 8 patients were
included. Diagnosis of WD was confirmed by histological staining of duodenal biopsies
revealing T. whipplei within foamy macrophages or by PCR- based
detection of specific T. whipplei DNA. Clinical manifestations,
laboratory data, and medication have been recorded over a period of 19 years. Subgroup
analyses for the two different variants of WD were performed.
Results Seven of eight patients were initially diagnosed with
rheumatic disease (polyarthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica). One patient was correctly diagnosed
at the beginning without any medication. Three patients were on immunosuppressive therapy and
being treated with disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs), three patients were receiving low-dose
cortisone in combination with non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and one patient
was receiving NSAIDs only. All patients presented with increased parameters of inflammation
and with clinical and/or laboratory signs of a malabsorption. From the onset of first
symptoms, diagnosis of WD took a median of 36 months (range: 6–120 months). The time between
onset of joint complaints and onset of gastrointestinal symptoms was 36 months (range: 0–117
months). WD patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, compared to those not receiving it,
had a longer duration of gastrointestinal symptoms (12 months versus 6 months) and reported a
greater weight loss (20,3 kg versus 7,8 kg) up to diagnosis of WD.
Conclusions Immunosuppressive drugs may delay the diagnosis of WD
and prolong the course of T. whipplei infection with deterioration
of clinical symptoms. If a patient with rheumatic complaints develops gastrointestinal
symptoms, diagnosis of WD should be considered and proper diagnostic investigation carried
out.
Long-COVID und Post-COVID-Syndrom
Authors: Schütz Burkhard , Crecelius Meike 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungUnter dem Post-COVID-Syndrom (PCS) versteht man eine länger als 12 Wochen
anhaltende Symptomatik mit Fatigue, Kurzatmigkeit, eingeschränkter
Leistungsfähigkeit u. a., die bei rund 15% der Patienten
nach einer akuten Infektion mit SARS-CoV-2 auftritt. Als Ursache werden
Veränderungen im Mikrobiom und Störungen des
Tryptophanstoffwechsels diskutiert, welche zu einer vermehrten Umwandlung von
Tryptophan in prooxidativ und proinflammatorisch wirkende Abbauprodukte
führen. Nach aktuellen Studien können infolge der Infektion
latente Viren wie Epstein-Barr-, Cytomegalie- und Varizella-Zoster-Virus
reaktiviert werden und PCS-typische Symptome auslösen. Eine
überschießende Entzündungsreaktion bei COVID-19
führt zur Bildung von Autoantikörpern, die durch
Einschränkung der Immunantwort die Virusbekämpfung erschweren.
Therapeutisch kann eine Supplementierung von Mikronährstoffen wie
Vitamin C, D, E, B6, B12, ω-3-Fettsäuren
und Coenzym Q10 sinnvoll sein.
Autoimmunerkrankungen und Vitamin D
Authors: Gröber Uwe , Holick Michael F. 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie biologisch aktive Form von Vitamin D, das Secosteroidhormon
1,25(OH)2D, moduliert zahlreiche Gene des angeborenen und
adaptiven Immunsystems über Regulation seines Transkriptionsfaktors
Vitamin-D-Rezeptor (VDR). Der Beitrag stellt den Einfluss des Prohormons auf das
Epigenom vor und den aktuellen Stellenwert in der Therapie von
Autoimmunerkrankungen, z. B. Multiple Sklerose, sowie bei einer
Vitamin-D-Resistenz.
Coimbra-Protokoll
Authors: Didier Rainer 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Coimbra-Protokoll ist eine Vitamin-D3-Therapie. Sie wurde von Prof. Coimbra,
Dozent an der Universität in Sao Paulo entwickelt und seit Jahren
erfolgreich, u. a. bei der Behandlung Multipler Sklerose (MS)
eingesetzt. Auch die langjährigen Erfahrungen in der eigenen Praxis zur
Therapie u. a. verschiedener Autoimmunerkrankungen sind positiv. Zwei
Patienten mit MS schildern ihre Erfahrungen.
Lenition alternation in West Gyalrongic and its implications for Southeast Asian panchronic phonology
Authors: Lai Yunfan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBased on internal reconstruction, this paper resolves a long-standing problem observed in Khroskyabs, a West Gyalrongic language (Sino-Tibetan), that seems to sporadically have lenited voiceless stops, resulting in irregular correspondences with East Gyalrongic. Two major sound changes are involved: intervocalic lenition and post-stress intersyllabic compression. It turns out that the processes proposed here are one probable solution to monosyllabicization in languages of Southeast Asia, explaining a pathway from polysyllables or sesquisyllables toward monosyllables. Through examining potential problems of previous reconstructions in various languages, this paper shows that the Khroskyabs case provides a plausible direction in the solution of relevant unresolved problems from a panchronic perspective.
What’s in a mime?
Authors: Sibierska Marta , Boruta-Żywiczyńska Monika , Żywiczyński Przemysław , Wacewicz Sławomir 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Several lines of research within developmental psychology, experimental semiotics and language origins studies have recently converged in their interest in pantomime as a system of bodily communication distinct from both language (spoken or signed) and nonlinguistic gesticulation. These approaches underscore the effectiveness of pantomime, which despite lack of semiotic conventions is capable of communicating complex meanings. However, very little research is available on the structural underpinnings of this effectiveness, that is, the specific properties of pantomime that determine its communicative success. To help fill in this gap, we conducted an exploratory rating study aimed at identifying those properties of pantomime that facilitate its understanding. We analysed an existing corpus of 602 recordings of whole-body re-enactments of short transitive events, coding each of them for 6 properties, and found out that the presence of salient elements (conspicuous objects in a specific semantic space), image mapping (representing the physical orientation of the object), and gender markers (distinguishing between the represented characters) increased the guessability of pantomimes.
Investigation on the micro-structure and magnetic properties of LMZBS-Bi2O3 doped low-temperature sintered NiCuZn ferrites
Authors: Wang Yang , Yang Changlong , Kong Qingjiang , Wu Xinglin , Zhang Zhongrui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
NiCuZn ferrites were widely used in communication and electronic information fields because of the high frequency, high impedance, wide band and low power loss. In this work, it reports that the (Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.6O)1.03(Fe2O3)0.97 ferrites were synthesized based on the solid-state reaction method and LMZBS (Li2CO3-MgO-ZnO-B2O3-SiO2)-Bi2O3 were also used as the dopant to regulate the micro-structure and magnetic properties. The crystal phase and micro-structure of the LMZBS-Bi2O3 doped NiCuZn ferrites were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The magnetic properties including saturation magnetization (Ms), coercive force (Hc), Q-factor and permeability as well as the power loss (Pcv) were investigated and analyzed in detail. The results showed that LMZBS (0.2wt%)-Bi2O3 (0.3wt%) doped NiCuZn ferrites exhibited a uniform and dense microstructure, and possessed the highest Ms, Q factor and magnetic permeability as well as the lowest Hc and Pcv. Overall, LMZBS-Bi2O3 doped NiCuZn ferrites possessed the outstanding micro-structure and magnetic properties, which make it promising for a series of applications.
Mechanical properties and strengthening mechanism of V-containing weathering steel
Authors: Bo Wang , Hua Zhang , Bo Zhang , Cheng-bao Liu , Hui Li 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In order to insure atmospheric resistance and weldability, the carbon content of weathering steel was decreased. At the same time, increases in Mn content and V-N micro-alloying were adopted to increase the strength of weathering steel in this paper. The results indicate that when the mass fraction of Mn is 1.36%, the yield strength increases to 435 MPa, and the contribution of fine grain strengthening and dislocation strengthening to the yield strength is 59.8%. When the yield strength reaches 555 MPa, V-N alloyed weathering steel has good precipitation strengthening and fine grain strengthening effects, and the sum of the two mechanisms contributes more than 70% of the yield strength of the two groups of V-N alloyed weathering steel.