bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute central nervous system inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination: An observational cohort study
Authors: Lee Sydney , Muccilli Alexandra , Schneider Raphael , Selchen Daniel , Krysko Kristen M 
Published: February 2023

Background: Reports suggest a potential association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and acute central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Objective: The main objective of this study is to describe features of acute CNS inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was performed at the BARLO MS Centre in Toronto, Canada. Clinicians reported acute CNS inflammatory events within 60 days after a COVID-19 vaccine from March 2021 to August 2022. Clinical characteristics were evaluated. Results: Thirty-eight patients (median age 39 (range: 20–82) years; 60.5% female) presented within 0–55 (median 15) days of a receiving a COVID-19 vaccine and were diagnosed with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) ( n = 16), post-vaccine transverse myelitis ( n = 7), clinically isolated syndrome ( n = 5), MS relapse ( n = 4), tumefactive demyelination ( n = 2), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease ( n = 1), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder ( n = 1), chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids ( n = 1) and primary autoimmune cerebellar ataxia ( n = 1). Twenty-two received acute treatment and 21 started disease-modifying therapy. Sixteen received subsequent COVID-19 vaccination, of which 87.5% had no new or worsening neurological symptoms. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the largest study describing acute CNS inflammation after COVID-19 vaccination. We could not determine whether the number of inflammatory events was higher than expected.
Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Pump Therapy Sensor Augmented Pump or Automated Insulin Delivery in Different Age Groups (0.5 to <26 Years) With Type 1 Diabetes From 2018 to 2021: Analysis of the German/Austrian/Swiss/Luxemburg Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Database Registry
Authors: van den Boom Louisa , Auzanneau Marie , Woelfle Joachim , Sindichakis Marina , Herbst Antje , Meraner Dagmar , Hake Kathrin , Klinkert Christof , Gohlke Bettina , Holl Reinhard W. 
Published: February 2023

Aim: Insulin pump, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and sensor augmented pump (SAP) technology have evolved continuously leading to the development of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems. Evaluation of the use of diabetes technologies in people with T1D from January 2018 to December 2021. Methods: A patient registry (Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Database [DPV]) was analyzed for use of SAP (insulin pump + CGM ≥90 days, no automated dose adjustment) and AID (HCL or LGS/PLGS). In total 46,043 people with T1D aged 0.5 to <26 years treated in 416 diabetes centers (Germany, Austria, Luxemburg, and Switzerland) were included and stratified into 4 groups A-D according to age. Additionally, TiR and HbA1c were analyzed. Results: From 2018 to 2021, there was a significant increase from 28.7% to 32.9% (sensor augmented pump [SAP]) and 3.5% to 16.6% (AID) across all age groups, with the most frequent use in group A (<7 years, 38.8%-40.2% and 10.3%-28.5%). A similar increase in SAP and AID use was observed in groups B (7 to <11 years) and C (11 to <16 years): B: +15.8 PP, C: +15.9 PP. HbA1c improved significantly in groups C and D (16 to <26 years) (both P < .01). Time in range (TiR) increased in all groups (A: +3 PP; B: +5 PP; C: +5 PP; D: +5 PP; P < 0.01 for each group). Insulin pumps (61.0% versus 53.4% male) and SAP (33.5% versus 28.9% male) are used more frequently in females. Conclusion: In recent years, we found an increasing use of new diabetes technologies and an improvement in metabolic control (TiR) across all age groups.
Internet addiction during the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents in southeast Nigeria and implications for adolescent care in the post-pandemic era: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Onukwuli Vivian Ozoemena , Onyinye Enebe Nympha , Udigwe Ifeoma Bridget , Umeh Uche Marian , Enebe Joseph Tochukwu , Umerah Anthony Tochukwu 
Published: February 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of internet addiction amongst adolescents in Southeast Nigeria during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 10 randomly selected secondary schools, 2 (one urban and one rural) each from Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi Enugu and Imo states of southeastern Nigeria between July and August 2021. Data on demographic variables were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Young’s Internet Addiction Test was used to assess the extent of internet use. Analysis was done using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 23. The level of significance was set at a p-value of <0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 16.2 ± 1.8 years and the male: female ratio was 1:1.6. Most of the adolescents (61.1%) used the internet for academic purposes, while 32.8% used it for social interactions and the majority (51.5%) used their phones. The prevalence of internet addiction was 88.1% (24.9% had mild, 59.6% had moderate, while 3.6% had severe addiction) and a good proportion of the respondents (81.1%) perceived addiction as bad. Internet addiction was significantly associated with the respondent’s age ( p = 0.043), mother’s level of education ( p = 0.023), family size ( p = 0.021), place of residence ( p = 0.035), alcohol intake ( p = 0.017), smoking ( p = 0.015), substance use ( p = 0.001) as well as the duration of internet use ( p < 0.001). Internet addiction was predicted by the male gender (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.054; confidence interval (CI): 1.200–3.518), early adolescent age group (10–13 years) (AOR: 0.115; C1: 0.015–0.895) as well as the duration of internet use (AOR: 0.301; CI: 0.189–0.479). Conclusions: The prevalence of internet addiction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic era was high. The predictors of addiction were the male gender, early adolescent age group and duration of internet use.
Customized gaming system engages young children in reaching and balance training
Authors: Parise Sundari , Lee Katharine , Park Joshua , Sullivan Cari , Schlesinger Rebecca , Li Maggie , Ramesh Samiksha , Maritato Nicholas , Bergamaschi Teya , Sanyal Akaash , Hill Nayo , Bastian Amy , Keller Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

Purpose Trunk stability, an important prerequisite for many activities of daily living, can be impaired in children with movement disorders. Current treatment options can be costly and fail to fully engage young participants. We developed an affordable, smart screen-based intervention and tested if it engages young children in physical therapy goal driven exercises. Methods Here we describe the ADAPT system, Aiding Distanced and Accessible Physical Therapy, which is a large touch-interactive device with customizable games. One such game, “Bubble Popper,” encourages high repetitions of weight shifts, reaching, and balance training as the participant pops bubbles in sitting, kneeling, or standing positions. Results Sixteen participants aged 2–18 years were tested during physical therapy sessions. The number of screen touches and length of game play indicate high participant engagement. In trials lasting less than 3 min, on average, older participants (12–18 years) made 159 screen touches per trial while the younger participants (2–7 years) made 97. In a 30-min session, on average, older participants actively played the game for 12.49 min while younger participants played for 11.22 min. Conclusion The ADAPT system is a feasible means to engage young participants in reaching and balance training during physical therapy.
Synergistic interactions of obesity with sex, education, and smoking and accumulation of multi-morbidity (MM) across the lifespan
Authors: St Sauver Jennifer L , Grossardt Brandon R , Chamberlain Alanna M , Kapoor Ekta , Rocca Walter A 
Published: February 2023

Objectives Obesity is a potentially modifiable risk factor that has been consistently associated with the development and progression of multi-morbidity (MM). However, obesity may be more problematic for some persons compared to others because of interactions with other risk factors. Therefore, we studied the effect of interactions between patient characteristics and overweight and obesity on the rate of accumulation of MM. Methods We studied 4 cohorts of persons ages 20-, 40-, 60-, and 80-years residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota between 2005 and 2014 using the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) medical records-linkage system. Body mass index, sex, race, ethnicity, education, and smoking status were extracted from REP indices. The rate of accumulation of MM was calculated as the number of new chronic conditions accumulated per 10 person years through 2017. Poisson rate regression models were used to identify associations between characteristics and rate of MM accumulation. Additive interactions were summarized using relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion of disease, and the synergy index. Results Greater than additive synergistic associations were observed between female sex and obesity in the 20- and 40-year cohorts, between low education and obesity in the 20-year cohort (both sexes), and between smoking and obesity in the 40-year cohort (both sexes). Conclusions Interventions targeted at women, persons with lower education, and smokers who also have obesity may result in the greatest reduction in the rate of MM accumulation. However, interventions may need to focus on persons prior to mid-life to have the greatest effect.
Recovery of off-state stress-induced damage in FET-type gas sensor using self-curing method
Authors: Shin Wonjun , Jeong Yujeong , Kim Mingyu , Lee Jungsoo , Koo Ryun-Han , Hong Seongbin , Jung Gyuweon , Kim Jae-Joon , Lee Jong-Ho 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe need for high-performance gas sensors is driven by concerns over indoor and outdoor air quality, and industrial gas leaks. Due to their structural diversity, vast surface area, and geometric tunability, metal oxides show significant potential for the development of gas sensing systems. Despite the fact that several previous reports have successfully acquired a suitable response to various types of target gases, it remains difficult to maintain the reliability of metal oxide-based gas sensors. In particular, the degradation of the sensor platform under repetitive operation, such as off-state stress (OSS) causes significant reliability issues. We investigate the impact of OSS on the gas sensing performances, including response, low-frequency noise, and signal-to-noise ratio of horizontal floating-gate field-effect-transistor (FET)-type gas sensors. The 1/f noise is increased after the OSS is applied to the sensor because the gate oxide is damaged by hot holes. Therefore, the SNR of the sensor is degraded by the OSS. We applied a self-curing method based on a PN-junction forward current at the body–drain junction to repair the damaged gate oxide and improve the reliability of the sensor. It has been demonstrated that the SNR degradation caused by the OSS can be successfully recovered by the self-curing method.
The development of an instrument to measure interprofessional collaboration competency for primary care teams in the district health system of health region 2, Thailand
Authors: Prasitanarapun Raphiphaet , Kitreerawutiwong Nithra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence shows that interprofessional collaboration (IPC) practice contributes to the quality of health care. However, there are limited instruments to assess IPC in providing primary care in the district health system (DHS) in Thailand. The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable instrument to assess the IPC competency of primary care team members in DHSs.MethodsThis study was designed as an exploratory mixed methods study. In the qualitative phase, 37 participants, including policymakers, practitioners, and academics with experience in primary care, were involved. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, and trustworthiness was verified by triangulation and peer debriefing. In the quantitative phase, content validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability were conducted, and the final version of the questionnaire was evaluated with 497 participants.Results:The findings showed an I-CVI range of 0.86–1.00 and S-CVI/UA = 0.87 for 49 items with a 5-point Likert scale. EFA suggested six factors: 1) collaborative teamwork, 2) population- and community-centred care, 3) communication and mutual respect, 4) clarification of roles and responsibilities, 5) interprofessional reflection, and 6) interprofessional values and mixed skills. In the CFA results, the model fit indices were acceptable (CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.049, SRMR = 0.043) or slightly less than the goodness-of-fit values (GFI = 0.84). All subscales showed acceptable Cronbach’s alpha values with a range of 0.86–0.94.ConclusionsThe developed IPC competency instrument was confirmed its validity and reliability that contributes to assessing the IPC competency of primary care teams in DHSs. This information provides evidence to support tailored intervention to promote the IPC competency of primary care team work to achieve a common goal.
Prognostic value of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio for mortality in acute kidney injury
Authors: Liu Baohua , Lv Dezhao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammation plays an important role in the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, there are few studies exploring the prognostic influence of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) among AKI patients. In this study, we investigated whether CAR could be a useful marker to predict the mortality of AKI.

Methods
A total of 358 AKI patients were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC III) database. C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin were measured at ICU admission. The clinical outcome was 365-day mortality. Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were conducted to evaluate the association between CAR and outcome.

Results
Compared with patients in the survival group, nonsurvivors had higher CAR levels. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of CAR was higher than that of CRP and albumin for mortality (0.64 vs. 0.63, 0.59, respectively). The cut-off point of CAR for mortality was 7.23. In Cox proportional-hazard regression analysis, CAR (hazards ratio (HR) =2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.47-2.85, p < 0.001 for higher CAR) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (HR = 1.02, 95%CI = 1.00-1.03, p = 0.004) were independent predictors of 365-day mortality.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that a higher level of CAR was associated with 365-day mortality in AKI patients.
Climate change and health risks in Mukuru informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya – knowledge, attitudes and practices among residents
Authors: Greibe Andersen Johanne , Kallestrup Per , Karekezi Catherine , Yonga Gerald , Kraef Christian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Residents of informal settlements in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) are vulnerable to the health impacts of climate change. Little is known about the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of inhabitants of informal settlements in SSA regarding climate change and its health impacts. The aim of this study was to investigate how inhabitants of an informal settlement in SSA experience climate change and its health impacts and assess related knowledge, attitudes and practices. The study was conducted in Mukuru informal settlement in Nairobi City County, Kenya.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2021 using a structured, semi-closed KAP questionnaire. Inclusion criteria were ≥ 18 years of age and living in one of the three main sections in Mukuru: Kwa Njenga, Kwa Reuben or Viwandani. By spinning a pen at the geographic centre of each section, a random direction was selected. Then, in every second household one individual was interviewed, creating a representative mix of ages and genders of the local community. To assess participant characteristics associated with climate change knowledge multivariable logistic regression was used. Thematic content analysis was performed for qualitative responses.

Results
Out of 402 study participants, 76.4% (n = 307) had heard of climate change before the interview, 90.8% (n = 365) reported that climate change was affecting their community, and 92.6% (n = 372) were concerned with the health-related impact of climate change. Having lived in Mukuru for more than 10 years and living in a dwelling close to the riverside were factors significantly associated with having heard of climate change before (aOR 3.1, 95%CI 1.7 – 5.8 and aOR 2.6, 95%CI 1.1 – 6.1, respectively) and experiencing a climate change related impact on the community (aOR 10.7, 95%CI 4.0 – 28.4 and aOR 7.7; 95%CI 1.7 – 34.0, respectively). Chronic respiratory conditions, vector-borne diseases, including infectious diarrhoea, malnutrition and cardiovascular diseases were identified by respondents as climate related health risks.

Conclusions
Most respondents were knowledgeable about climate change and were experiencing its (health-related) impact on their community. This study provides insights which may prove useful for policy makers, intervention planners and researchers to work on locally adapted mitigation and adaption strategies.
High reproducibility of a novel supported anterior drawer test for diagnosing ankle instability
Authors: Murahashi Yasutaka , Teramoto Atsushi , Takahashi Katsunori , Okada Yohei , Okimura Shinichiro , Imamura Rui , Kawai Makoto , Watanabe Kota , Yamashita Toshihiko 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The manual traditional anterior drawer test (ADT) is essential for deciding the treatment for chronic ankle instability, but it has been shown to have a comparatively low reproducibility and accuracy, especially in less experienced hands. To clarify the inter-examiner reproducibility, we compared the actual distance of anterior translation between junior and senior examiners in ADT. We also evaluated the diagnostic abilities of traditional ADT, and a novel modified ADT (supported ADT).

Methods
Thirty ankles were included in this study, and ankle instability was defined using stress radiography. All subjects underwent two methods of manual ADT by junior and senior examiners, and ankle instability was judged in a blinded fashion. The anterior drawer distance was calculated from the lengthening measured using a capacitance-type sensor device.

Results
The degree of anterior translation determined by the junior examiner was significantly lower than that determined by the senior examiner when traditional ADT was performed (3.3 vs. 4.5 mm, P = 0.016), but there was no significant difference in anterior translation between the two examiners when supported ADT was performed (4.6 vs. 4.1 mm, P = 0.168). The inter-examiner reliability of supported ADT was higher than that of traditional ADT. For the junior examiner, the diagnostic accuracy of supported ADT was higher than that of traditional ADT (sensitivity, 0.40 vs. 0.80; specificity, 0.75 vs. 0.80).

Conclusion
Supported ADT may have the advantage of being a simple manual test of ankle instability with less error between examiners.
The psycho-social impact of obstetric fistula and available support for women residing in Nigeria: a systematic review
Authors: Nduka Ifunanya Roseline , Ali Nasreen , Kabasinguzi Isabella , Abdy David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Obstetric fistula continues to affect the social and mental wellbeing of women living in Nigeria giving rise to poor maternal health outcome. While the World Health Organisation (WHO) has recommended the introduction of psycho-social interventions in the management of obstetric fistula women, psycho-social support for women living with obstetric fistula in Nigeria, are limited. This systematic review aimed to synthesise the psycho-social impact of obstetric fistula on women living in Nigeria as well as the available psycho-social support for these affected women.

Methods
Following a keyword strategy, Medline, CINAHL, Google scholar, ScienceDirect, Cochrane library, PsychINFO, AMED, British Nursing database, Pubmed central, TRIP database, UK Pubmed central, socINDEX, Annual reviews, ISI Web of Science, Academic search complete, Credo reference, Sage premier and Scopus databases were searched alongside hand searching of articles. The inclusion criteria were set as articles published between 2000 and 2020, on the psychosocial consequences of obstetric fistula in Nigeria. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) tool was used to appraise the quality of the included studies. The data was extracted and then analysed using narrative synthesis.

Results
620 relevant citations were identified, and 8 studies were included. Women with obstetric fistula, living in Nigeria were found to be ostracised, abandoned by families and friends, stigmatised and discriminated against, which led to depression, loneliness, loss of self-esteem, self-worth and identity. Psycho-social interventions for women who experienced obstetric fistula are not widely available.

Conclusion
There is a need for the introduction of more rehabilitation and reintegration programs across the country. The psychosocial effect of obstetric fistula is significant and should be considered when developing interventions. Further, more research is needed to evaluate the sustainability of psychosocial interventions in Nigeria.