bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A low characteristic impedance quasi-rectangular pulser based on solid-state inductive adder for High rEpetition rate Muon Source at CSNS
Authors: Lin Munan , Zhu Jianbin , Zhang Wenqing , Bao Yu , Li Haibo , Qi Xin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A solid-state inductive adder-based quasi-rectangular pulser
featuring a low characteristic impedance has been developed in the
laboratory to demonstrate the technical viability of using such a
pulser for the HEMS muon source. The pulser consists of five layers
connected in series, with each layer comprising 24 parallel
branches. The paper mainly presents the design of the low
characteristic impedance quasi-rectangular pulser from three
aspects: primary driver circuit, coaxial central structure and
transformer magnetic core. The experimental results show that
through the careful design of the above three items, a
quasi-rectangular pulse with fast rise and fall time can be
achieved. The typical parameters of pulse voltage, pulse current,
pulse flattop, repetitive rate, rise time and fall time at a
charging voltage of 700 V are 3.5 kV, 560 A, 315 ns, 1 kHz,
47 ns, and 66 ns, respectively, on a 6.25 Ω matching
resistor. In addition, the output characteristics of the pulser are
investigated by varying critical parameters such as the charging
voltages, the load resistances, and the number of parallel
branches. The findings and results outlined in this paper offer
valuable insights for the initial phase of developing an inductive
adder pulser. They can aid in assessing the feasibility of the
project, selecting critical parameters for essential components, and
enhancing the output pulse's performance. A full-scale pulser with a
peak pulse current of 3 kA and rise and fall time of ≤ 75 ns
for HEMS muon source will be developed in the near future.
Non-interference delivery of Ce6 and DOX in NIR light-responsive liposomes for synergetic cervical cancer therapy
Authors: Zhang Jia , Yang Yibo , Gao Yanting , Bai Zhimin , Zhang Xin , Li Kun , Liu Zhiwei , Shi Ming , Zhao Yunwei , Wang Jidong , Li Jian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Multi-model combination treatment of malignant tumors can make up for the shortcomings of single treatment through multi-target and multi-path to achieve more ideal tumor treatment effect. However, the mutual interference of different drugs in the delivery process in vivo and the difficulty of effective drug accumulation in tumor cells are the bottlenecks of combined therapy. To this project, light-responsive liposomes loading doxorubicin (DOX) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) (DOX-Ce6-Lip) without mutual interference were engineered by thin film hydration method. This kind of nano-drug delivery system increased the drugs concentration accumulated in tumor sites through enhanced permeability and retention effect, and reduced the toxic and side effects of drugs on normal tissues in vivo. In addition, after entering the tumor cells, Ce6 produced a large number of reactive oxygen species under 660 nm NIR laser irradiation, which further oxidized the unsaturated fatty acid chain in the liposomes and caused the collapse of the liposomes, thus realizing the stimulus-responsive release of Ce6 and DOX. The concentrations of DOX and Ce6 in the tumor cells rapidly reached the peak and achieved a more effective combination of chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Consequently, DOX-Ce6-Lip followed by 660 nm NIR irradiation achieved an efficient tumor growth inhibition of 71.90 ± 3.14%, indicating the versatile potential of chemotherapy and PDT. In conclusion, this study provides a delivery scheme for drugs with different solubilities and an effectively combined anti-tumor therapy method.
Large-deviation properties of SIR model incorporating protective measures
Authors: Marks Timo , Feld Yannick , Hartmann Alexander K 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We simulate spreads of diseases for the susceptible–infected–recovered (SIR) model on contact networks with a particular focus on incorporated protective measures such as face masks. We consider the small-world network model. By using a large-deviation approach, in particular the

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t

Wang–Landau algorithm, we obtained the full probability density function (pdf) of the cumulative number C of infected people over the full range of its support. In this way we are able to reach probabilities as small as 10−50. We obtain distinct characteristics in the pdf such as non-analyticities induced by the onset of the protective measures. Still, the results indicate that the mathematical large-deviation principle also holds for this extended SIR model, meaning that the size-dependence enters in P(C) in a simple fashion and the distribution is determined by the so-called rate function. We observe different phases in the pdf, which we investigate by analyzing the corresponding infection courses, i.e. time series, and and their correlations to the observed values of C.
Adaptive divergence and genetic vulnerability of relict species under climate change: a case study of Pterocarya macroptera
Authors: Wang Tian-Rui , Meng Hong-Hu , Wang Nian , Zheng Si-Si , Jiang Yun , Lin Duo-Qing , Song Yi-Gang , Kozlowski Gregor 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Understanding adaptive genetic variation and whether it can keep pace with predicted future climate change is critical in assessing the genetic vulnerability of species and developing conservation management strategies. The lack of information on adaptive genetic variation in relict species carrying abundant genetic resources hinders the assessment of genetic vulnerability. Using a landscape genomics approach, this study aimed to determine how adaptive genetic variation shapes population divergence and to predict the adaptive potential of Pterocarya macroptera (a vulnerable relict species in China) under future climate scenarios.

Methods
We applied restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) to obtain 8244 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 160 individuals across 28 populations. We examined the pattern of genetic diversity and divergence, and then identified outliers by genetic differentiation (FST) and genotype–environment association (GEA) methods. We further dissected the effect of geographical/environmental gradients on genetic variation. Finally, we predicted genetic vulnerability and adaptive risk under future climate scenarios.

Key Results
We identified three genetic lineages within P. macroptera: the Qinling-Daba-Tianmu Mountains (QDT), Western Sichuan (WS) and Northwest Yunnan (NWY) lineages, which showed significant signals of isolation by distance (IBD) and isolation by environment (IBE). IBD and IBE explained 3.7–5.7 and 8.6–12.8 % of the genetic structure, respectively. The identified GEA SNP-related genes were involved in chemical defence and gene regulation and may exhibit higher genetic variation to adapt to the environment. Gradient forest analysis revealed that the genetic variation was mainly shaped by temperature-related variables, indicating its adaptation to local thermal environments. A limited adaptive potential was suggested by the high levels of genetic vulnerability in marginal populations.

Conclusions
Environmental gradient mainly shaped the population differentiation of P. macroptera. Marginal populations may be at high risk of extinction, and thus proactive management measures, such as assisted gene flow, are required to ensure the survival of these populations.
Identity in a Self-styled ‘Paedophile-hunting’ Group: A Linguistic Analysis of Stance in Facebook Group Chats
Authors: Chiang Emily , De Rond Mark , Lok Jaco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article contributes a linguistically informed perspective to a growing body of work describing the nature and practices of self-styled ‘paedophile-hunting’ groups. Their reliance on publicly exposing suspected child predators in live-streamed confrontations poses significant moral and practical challenges for UK law enforcement, even if their evidence has proved significant in the conviction of sex offenders. In this article, we extend extant insight through the linguistic analysis of 18 months of private online group chat data from one of the UK’s most prolific hunting teams. Specifically, we explore the group’s collective linguistic identity performance through a corpus-assisted analysis of stance. Our analysis foregrounds the significance of social bonding and community identity and nuances current understanding of hunters’ negative view of the police. It also suggests that the entertainment value of the detective work involved in hunting may be more significant than the emphasis on hunters’ self-proclaimed moral superiority in extant work suggests.
Target capture sequencing for phylogenomic and population studies in the Southeast Asian genusPalaquium(Sapotaceae)
Authors: Phang Aireen , Pezzini Flávia Fonseca , Burslem David F R P , Khew Gillian S , Middleton David J , Ruhsam Markus , Wilkie Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe first phylogenomic study using a custom target capture bait panel within the Isonandreae tribe in Sapotaceae is presented. The combination of taxon-specific and universal loci from the Angiosperms353 probe set achieved high species resolution within the genus Palaquium and provides the first phylogenomic insights into Malesian representatives of Sapotaceae, where relationships between taxa often remain poorly understood. The results highlight that generic and some species circumscriptions require further investigation and possible revision: Aulandra longifolia is found to be nested in Palaquium, and P. rostratum within P. microphyllum. Population structure analysis produced limited resolution between and within species, but the bait set was able to recover parameters that are potentially useful in population genomic studies.
Intrarenal Venous Doppler as a novel marker for optimal decongestion, patient management, and prognosis in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Turrini Fabrizio , Galassi Matteo , Sacchi Andrea , Ricco’ Beatrice , Chester Johanna , Famiglietti Elena , Messora Roberto , Bertolotti Marco , Pinelli Giovanni 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
An increase in right atrial pressure is a common feature of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Such increased pressure leads to persistent kidney congestion. A marker to guide optimal diuretic therapy is missing. We aim to correlate intrarenal Doppler (IRD) ultrasound in ADHF patients with clinical outcomes to assess whether renal haemodynamic parameter changes are useful for monitoring kidney congestion.

Methods and results
Between December 2018 and January 2020, ADHF patients requiring intravenous diuretic therapy for at least 48 h were considered for study selection. An IRD blinded examination was performed on Days 1, 3, and 5, and clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded. Venous Doppler profiles (VDP) were classified as continuous (C), pulsatile (P), biphasic (B), or monophasic (M) according to the congestion degree; B and M profiles were considered deranged. A VDP improvement (VDPimp) was defined as a change of ≥1 pattern degree or maintenance of C or P patterns. An arterial resistive index (RI) &gt; 0.8 was considered elevated. Outcomes of death and rehospitalization were gathered at 60 days. Data were assessed by regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses. All 177 ADHF patients admitted were screened, and 72 were enrolled [27 females—median age 81 (76–87) years—median ejection fraction 40% (30–52)]. The VDP derangement decreased from 79.2% on Day 1 to 51.4% on Day 5 (P &lt; 0.05). The RI elevation decreased from 60.6% on Day 1 to 43.1% on Day 5 (P &lt; 0.05). At Day 5, VDPimp was registered in over half of the patients (59.7%). At Day 5, signs of congestion (dyspnoea/oedema/rales), fluid accumulation (pleural/peritoneal fluid), haematocrit, and brain natriuretic peptide improved (P &gt; 0.05). After 60 days, 12 (16.7%) patients were readmitted and 9 (12.5%) died. The VDPimp was identified as the unique independent factor associated with readmission [Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.22, 95% (confidence interval) CI 0.05–0.94, P = 0.04] and death (HR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.68, P = 0.02), with significantly better outcomes identified in VDPimp patients (log-rank test, P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Decongestion may be associated with improvements in many clinical and instrumental parameters, but only VDPimp was associated with better clinical outcomes. The VDPimp should be incorporated in ad hoc ADHF clinical trials to better define its role in everyday practice.
Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of oestradiol on the systemic inflammatory response and on lung injury caused by the occlusion of the proximal descending aorta in male rats
Authors: de Sousa Marcelo Nunes , da Anunciação Lucas Ferreira , de Freitas Pedro Luiz Zonta , Ricardo-da-Silva Fernanda Yamamoto , Moreira Luiz Felipe Pinho , Correia Cristiano Jesus , Breithaupt-Faloppa Ana Cristina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Ischaemia and reperfusion-induced microvascular dysfunction is a serious problem encountered during a variety surgical procedures, leading to systemic inflammation and affecting remote organs, specially the lungs. 17β-Oestradiol reduces pulmonary repercussions from various acute lung injury forms. Here, we focused on the 17β-oestradiol therapeutic effects after aortic ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) by evaluating lung inflammation.

METHODS
Twenty-four Wistar rats were submitted to I/R by insufflation of a 2-F catheter in thoracic aorta for 20 min. Reperfusion took 4 h and 17β-oestradiol (280 µg/kg, i.v.) was administered after 1 h of reperfusion. Sham-operated rats were controls. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and lung samples were prepared for histopathological analysis and tissue culture (explant). Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor-α were quantified.

RESULTS
After I/R, higher number of leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage were reduced by 17β-oestradiol. The treatment also decreased leukocytes in lung tissue. I/R increased lung myeloperoxidase expression, with reduction by 17β-oestradiol. Serum cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant 1 and IL-1β increased after I/R and 17β-oestradiol decreased cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant 1. I/R increased IL-1β and IL-10 in lung explants, reduced by 17β-oestradiol.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed that 17β-oestradiol treatment performed in the period of reperfusion, modulated the systemic response and the lung repercussions of I/R by thoracic aortic occlusion. Thus, we can suggest that 17β-oestradiol might be a supplementary approach leading the lung deterioration after aortic clamping in surgical procedures.
Impact of Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 (VARC-3) minor access site vascular complications in patients undergoing percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Piperata Antonio , Van den Eynde Jef , Pernot Mathieu , Avesani Martina , Seguy Benjamin , Bonnet Guillaume , Ben Ali Walid , Leroux Lionel , Labrousse Louis , Modine Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 minor access site vascular complications (VCs) in patients who underwent percutaneous transfemoral (TF) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

METHODS
This single-centre retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous TF-TAVI from 2009 to 2021. A propensity score-matched analysis was performed to compare early and long-term clinical results between patients with VC and without VC (nVC).

RESULTS
A total of 2161 patients were included, of whom 284 (13.1%) experienced access site VC. Propensity score analysis allowed to match 270 patients from the VC group with 727 patients from the nVC group. In the matched cohorts, the VC group showed longer operative times (63.5 vs 50.0 min, P &lt; 0.001), higher operative and in-hospital mortality (2.6% vs 0.7%, P = 0.022; and 6.3% vs 3.2%, P = 0.040, respectively), longer hospital length of stay (8 vs 7 days, P = 0.001) and higher rates of blood transfusion (20.4% vs 4.3%, P &lt; 0.001) and infectious complications (8.9% vs 3.8%, P = 0.003). Overall survival during follow-up was significantly lower in the VC group (hazard ratio 1.37, 95% CI 1.03–1.82, P = 0.031) with 5-year survival rates being 58.0% (95% CI 49.5–68.0%) and 70.7% (95% CI 66.2–75.5%) for the VC and nVC groups, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
This retrospective study observed that minor access site VCs during percutaneous TF-TAVI can be serious events affecting early and long-term outcomes.
Adolescent body mass index and cognitive performance: a nationwide study of 2.48 million Israeli adolescents
Authors: Simchoni Maya , Derazne Estela , Pinhas-Hamiel Orit , Cukierman-Yaffe Tali , Bendor Cole D , Bardugo Aya , Chodick Gabriel , Tzur Dorit , Endevelt Ronit , Gerstein Herzel C , Afek Arnon , Twig Gilad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Importance
The increased incidence of adolescent obesity over recent decades may be associated with lower cognitive performance than the expected potential.

Objective
We aimed to assess the association between adolescent body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function.

Design
A nationwide, cross-sectional, population-based study.

Setting
Pre-recruitment evaluation for military service during 1967-2018.

Participants
All Israeli-born adolescents, 1 459 522 males and 1 027 953 females aged 16 to ≤20 years.

Exposures
Weight and height were measured to calculate BMI.

Main outcome
Cognitive performance was assessed by using a validated intelligence-quotient-equivalent test and was standardized to the year- and sex-Z-score. For 445 385 persons, parental cognitive scores could be identified. Multinomial logistic regression models were applied.

Results
Among male adolescents with severe obesity, 29.4% achieved a cognitive score below the 25th percentile, compared with 17.7% among their normal-weight (50th-84th percentile) counterparts. A J-shaped relation was observed between BMI and the odds ratio (OR) for a low cognitive score among male adolescents: underweight, 1.45 (1.43-1.48); overweight, 1.13 (1.12-1.15); mild obesity, 1.36 (1.33-1.39); and severe obesity, 1.58 (1.52-1.64). Similar findings were observed in females. For both sexes, point estimates were overall consistent in models adjusted for sociodemographic confounders, coexisting morbidities, and parental cognitive scores. Examinees with abnormal BMI had higher ORs for a lower-than-expected cognitive score, based on their parents’ data as adolescents, in a manner that depends on obesity severity.

Conclusion and relevance
Abnormal BMI, and especially obesity, is associated with increased odds for a lower cognitive performance, and the inability to fully achieve cognitive potential, regardless of sociodemographic background.
Maternal mental health and economic autonomy in lowland rural Nepal
Authors: Marphatia Akanksha A , Busert-Sebela Laura K , Gram Lu , Cortina-Borja Mario , Reid Alice M , Manandhar Dharma S , Wells Jonathan C K , Saville Naomi M 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and objectivesIn patrilocal societies, married women typically co-reside with their parents-in-law, who may act in their son’s reproductive interests. These relationships may shape maternal mental health and autonomy. Few studies have examined these dynamics from an evolutionary perspective. Theoretically, marital kin may increase their fitness by increasing maternal investment or by reducing paternity uncertainty. We explored how co-residence with parents-in-law and husband is associated with maternal outcomes to evaluate whether marital kin provide support or constraint.MethodologyWe analysed data from 444 households in rural lowland Nepal. Maternal mental health was assessed by General Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression models investigated whether, relative to mothers living with both husband and parents-in-law, those co-resident with other combinations of relatives had poorer mental health and lower household economic autonomy (decision-making, bargaining power), adjusting for socio-economic confounders.ResultsCo-residence with husband only, or neither husband nor parents-in-law, was associated with higher odds of mothers reporting feeling worthless and losing sleep but also earning income and making household expenditure decisions. Husband co-residence was associated with overall maternal distress but also with less unpaid care work and greater decision-making responsibility. There were no differences in maternal outcomes for mothers living with parents-in-law only, relative to those living with both husbands and parents-in-law.Conclusions and implicationsCo-residence of parents-in-law and husbands was associated with contrasting patterns of maternal mental health and economic autonomy. We suggest that different marital kin place different economic demands on mothers, while restricting their autonomy in different ways as forms of ‘mate-guarding’.
Normalization of ascending aorta dimension for body size influences pathophysiologic correlation in hypertensive patients: the Campania Salute Network
Authors: Mancusi Costantino , Manzi Maria Virginia , Lembo Maria , Fucile Ilaria , Basile Christian , Bardi Luca , Morisco Carmine , De Luca Nicola , Bossone Eduardo , Trimarco Bruno , Izzo Raffaele , de Simone Giovanni , Esposito Giovanni 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
In the present study, we assessed correlates and their consistency of ascending aorta (AscAo) measurement in treated hypertensive patients.

Methods and results
A total of 1634 patients ≥ 18 years old with available AscAo ultrasound were included. Ascending aorta was measured at end-diastole with leading edge to leading edge method, perpendicular to the long axis of the aorta in parasternal long-axis view at its maximal identifiable dimension. Correlations of AscAo and AscAo normalized for height (AscAo/HT) or body surface area (AscAo/BSA) with demographics and metabolic profile were explored. Multi-variable regression was also used to identify potential confounders influencing univariate correlations. Sensitivity analysis was performed using cardiovascular (CV) outcome. Correlations with age, estimated glomerular filtration rate, systolic blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) were similar among the three aortic measures. Women exhibited smaller AscAo but larger AscAo/BSA than men with AscAo/HT offsetting the sex difference. Obesity and diabetes were associated with greater AscAo and AscAo/HT but with smaller AscAo/BSA (all P &lt; 0.001). In multi-variable regression model, all aortic measure confirmed the sign of their relations with sex and metabolic profile independently of age, BP, and HR. In Kaplan–Mayer analysis, only dilated AscAo and AscAo/HT were significantly associated with increased risk of CV events (both P &lt; 0.008).

Conclusions
Among patients with long-standing controlled systemic hypertension, magnitude of aortic remodelling is influenced by the type of the measure adopted, with physiological consistency only for AscAo and AscAo/HT, but not for AscAo/BSA.