bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for in-stent restenosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients with central venous occlusive disease and biomechanical assessment of stents
Authors: Yu Yang , Xiong Yuqin , Li Tao , Zhou Jingyuan , Yan Weijie , Xiong Yan , Chen Yu , Fu Ping 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To investigate the risk factors and biomechanical mechanisms of in-stent restenosis (ISR) in central venous occlusive disease (CVOD). Patients and methods: This retrospective study consecutively included 77 maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with CVOD who received the first percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stenting (PTS) due to symptomatic CVOD in a tertiary hospital. The mean age was 59.7 ± 14.0 years, and 51.9% of patients were male. The clinical characteristics, occurrence of ISR and patency rates were recorded. Finite element method was applied to assess the biomechanical properties of stents. Results: Among 77 patients with a mean CVS score of 8.0 ± 2.8, 20.8%, 62.3%, and 16.9% of patients had the main vein of CVOD in the subclavian vein, brachiocephalic vein, and superior vena cava, respectively. A total of 72 (93.5%) patients received successful PTS treatment, for which the stents implanted were mainly Fluency covered stent (48.6%) and SMART bare stent (31.9%). During 15 (10–24)-months of follow-up, ISR occurred in 36.1% of the 72 patients. The primary and assisted primary patency rates at 12, 18, and 24 months were 78%, 56%, 42% and 95%, 90%, 87%, respectively. A prolonged dialysis vintage was an independent risk factor for ISR, yet the stent type or the main vein location was not correlated with ISR. Among three laser-engraving stents, the SMART stent was the best in terms of flexibility, stress, and strain on stents but worst in stress or strain on vessels. The Luminexx stent was the best in radial force and worst in stress or strain on stents. The Vici stent was the best in stress and strain on vessels and worst in radial force and flexibility. Conclusions: An unsatisfactory comprehensive biomechanical performance from configurations rooted in existing stents may account for the high incidence of ISR in CVOD.
A longitudinal study of episodic memory recall in multilinguals
Authors: Vega-Mendoza Mariana , Eriksson Sörman Daniel , Josefsson Maria , Ljungberg Jessica K. 
Published: December 2022

Aim: This study investigates the effects of degree of multilingualism on cognitive functions in adulthood, with focus on episodic memory recall and including measures of verbal fluency as well as global cognition. Design: We studied a large population-based cohort cross-sectionally, and we also assessed changes over time through longitudinal measurements on four time-points over a 15 year period. Participants were drawn from the Betula prospective cohort study in Umeå, Sweden. The participants included in this study at baseline ( n = 894, mean age = 51.44, 59.4% females) were divided according to number of languages into bilinguals ( n = 395), trilinguals ( n = 284), quadrilinguals ( n = 169), and pentalinguals ( n = 46). Data and analysis: We analysed performance on tasks of episodic memory recall, verbal fluency (letter and category) and global cognition (Minimental State Examination, MMSE) both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The control background variables were baseline age, gender, years of education, general fluid ability Gf (Wechsler Block Design Test), and socioeconomic status. We employed a linear mixed modelling approach with entropy balancing weights to assess effects of degree of multilingualism on cognitive functions. Findings and conclusions: Using bilinguals as the reference group, our results indicated that all the other multilingual groups exhibited superior performance on episodic memory recall than bilinguals at baseline. The rate of change over time did not differ for trilinguals and pentalinguals compared to bilinguals. While quadrilinguals declined more over time than bilinguals, they still scored significantly higher than bilinguals at the last test wave. For letter fluency, similarly, all language groups scored higher than bilinguals at baseline, and none of the groups differed from bilinguals in rate of change over time. With regard to category fluency, quadrilinguals scored higher than bilinguals at baseline, but trilinguals and pentalinguals did not differ from bilinguals and none of the groups differed in change over time compared to bilinguals. Finally, for global cognition (MMSE), trilinguals and quadrilinguals scored significantly higher than bilinguals at baseline with no differences in change over time for any of the groups relative to bilinguals. Our study contributes to the understanding of multilingual cognition and sheds light into an under-researched cognitive domain known to decline in normal ageing, namely episodic memory recall. Significance: Our study emphasizes the importance of researching less explored aspects of multilingualism on cognition, in particular on episodic memory recall, to aid our understanding of factors that could potentially aid cognitive decline in later adulthood.
Trial of a Trivial Quantitative Heat-Pain Stimulus for Detecting Severe Loss of Nociception
Authors: Chantelau Ernst-Adolf , Schröer Oliver 
Published: December 2022

Background: Loss of nociception (LON) at the feet of persons with diabetes mellitus develops gradually over years and remains asymptomatic until the first painless diabetic foot ulceration (DFU). Severe LON with pain insensitivity can be diagnosed with a mechanical (pinprick) pain stimulus of 512-mN force. A comparable “suprathreshold” heat-pain stimulus may have the same potential. Objective: A six-second, 51°C heat-pain stimulus delivered on a 38.5-mm² spot by a commercial medical device ( bite away®, to treat insect bites) was explored in a prospective cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study to detect DFU-related LON. Methods: Seventy-two participants were studied: 12 with and 30 without diabetic neuropathy according to the conventional criteria, and 30 patients with a history of painless DFU (indicative of end-stage LON, reference standard). The feet were stimulated at the plantar and dorsal sides. A palmar surface was stimulated for control purposes. Participants scored stimulated pain intensity 0 to 10 on a numerical rating scale. Results: At hands, pain intensity was rated six on average by all participants. Persons without neuropathy scored 7 (0-10), median (range), at the plantar side and 8.5 (2-10) at the dorsal side of the foot, while those with DFU scored 0 (0-8) and 0 (0-10), respectively. A pain response of 0 at the foot dorsum detected DFU-related LON with a sensitivity of 65% (specificity, 100%; positive and negative predictive values, 100% and 96%, respectively). Conclusions: Due to its high specificity, the test seems advantageous for diagnostic purposes, complementary to current screening tests.
Preclinical Use of FGF-18 Augmentation for Improving Cartilage Healing Following Surgical Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: DePhillipo Nicholas N. , Hendesi Honey , Aman Zachary S. , Lind Dane R.G. , Smith Joseph , Dodge George R. 
Published: December 2022

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of fibroblast growth factor-18 (FGF-18) augmentation for improving articular cartilage healing following surgical repair in preclinical ( in vivo) animal models. Design A systematic review was performed evaluating the efficacy of FGF-18 augmentation with cartilage surgery compared with cartilage surgery without FGF-18 augmentation in living animal models. Eligible intervention groups were FGF-18 treatment in conjunction with orthopedic procedures, including microfracture, osteochondral auto/allograft transplantation, and cellular-based repair. Outcome variables were: International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) score, modified O’Driscoll histology score, tissue infill score, qualitative histology, and adverse events. Descriptive statistics were recorded and summarized for each included study. Results In total, 493 studies were identified and 4 studies were included in the final analysis. All studies were randomized controlled trials evaluating in vivo use of recombinant human FGF-18 (rhFGF-18). Animal models included ovine ( n = 3) and equine ( n = 1), with rhFGF-18 use following microfracture ( n = 3) or osteochondral defect repair ( n = 1). The rhFGF-18 was delivered via intra-articular injection ( n = 2), collagen membrane scaffold ( n = 1), or both ( n = 1). All studies reported significant, positive improvements in cartilage defect repair with rhFGF-18 compared with controls based on ICRS score ( n = 4), modified O’Driscoll score ( n = 4), tissue infill ( n = 3), and expression of collagen type II ( n = 4) ( P < 0.05). No adverse events were reported with the intra-articular administration of this growth factor, indicating short-term safety and efficacy of rhFGF-18 in vivo. Conclusion This systematic review provides evidence that rhFGF-18 significantly improves cartilage healing at 6 months postoperatively following microfracture or osteochondral defect repair in preclinical randomized controlled trials.
Baseline Knee Pain Predicts Long-Term Response of Intra-Articular Steroid Injection in Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Data from OAI
Authors: Wu Rongjie , Ma Yuanchen , Li Mengyuan , Li Qingtian , Deng Zhantao , Chen Yuanfeng , Zheng Qiujian , Fu Guangtao 
Published: December 2022

Objective The current study aims to investigate the factors that could predict response to intra-articular corticosteroid injection (IACI) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods Data of participants were retrieved from the Osteoarthritis Initiative database. Participants with at least one IACI treatment on single or bilateral knees within the first 5 years of follow-up were retrospectively included. Demographic data, clinical and radiographic variables were collected at both baseline and the first follow-up after IACI treatment. Positive response to IACI treatment was defined as >20% reduction of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain score from V0 to V1. All the variables with P < 0.2 after the comparison between the response and non-response groups were included in a multivariable logistic regression model to identify independent response predictive patient-specific valuables. Receiver operating characteristic curves were performed to establish the cutoff values of independent predictors. Results The current study included a total of 385 participants (473 knees), with 155 and 318 knees classified into the response group and non-response group, respectively. Those with satisfied responses to IACI treatment had significantly higher WOMAC pain score ( P < 0.001), disability score ( P = 0.002), and stiffness score ( P = 0.015) at the baseline. Baseline WOMAC pain score showed significant association with positive response to IACI treatment in multivariate logistic analysis and the best cutoff value was 5 points. The rate of analgesics utilization was lower ( P = 0.014) in the response group than the non-response group after the IACI treatment. Conclusion KOA patients with a baseline WOMAC pain score ≥5 are more likely to benefit from IACI treatment.
Towards zero waste in pharmacy: Challenges and opportunities in Singapore
Authors: Leow Jo Lene , Looi Liyi , Lee Yixuan , Chew Lita 
Published: December 2022

Background In line with zero-waste movement, there is a need for pharmacies to start reducing waste. There is no systematic waste minimization efforts by local pharmacies or studies to evaluate their effectiveness. Aim Assess behavioral change factors towards waste minimization at National Cancer Centre Singapore and evaluate effectiveness of recycling effort and patient education campaign. Methods Preliminary surveys were carried out among pharmacy staff, patients/caregivers to assess behavioral change factors. Recycling rate of staff and plastic bag consumption levels of patients/caregivers were measured. Results 46 staff members and 335 patients/caregivers were surveyed. Both populations were optimistic about the suggested green initiatives, 82.6% of staff members viewed recycling as a potential solution to reduce waste and 67.6% of patients and caregivers demonstrated willingness to participate in a Bring Your Own Bag (BYOB) campaign. Recycling efforts improved recycling rates by 53.4% while BYOB campaign resulted in no notable decrease in plastic bag consumption levels. Conclusion This study revealed the need for improvements in current waste management practices in local pharmacies, and demonstrated the effectiveness of implementing a recycling effort. BYOB campaign was not shown to be effective. Follow-up studies should be carried out to capture long-term sustainability data. Future efforts should include studies at other non-specialized local pharmacies.
Urodynamic characteristics of adult men with mixed detrusor overactivity with detrusor underactivity: A database analysis
Authors: Sinha Sanjay , Bharadwaj Sirish 
Published: December 2022

Objective: To examine the urodynamic characteristics of men with mixed detrusor overactivity with detrusor underactivity (DODU) across the entire adult-age spectrum. Materials and Methods: Data included all adult men who underwent urodynamics for refractory non-neurogenic lower tract symptoms between 2011 and 2019. DODU was defined as the concomitant presence of detrusor overactivity (DO) during storage with underactivity (bladder contractility index, BCI < 100) during voiding. Nonparametric tests with multiple hypothesis correction were used (SPSS 25.0). Results: DODU was noted in 199/1596 men (12.5%; median, 62 years). Men with DODU were older than men with detrusor underactivity (DU) or DO alone (median, 62, 48 and 56 years, respectively). DODU was commoner in older men but was noted across all age groups. As compared to men with isolated DU, men with DODU were more likely to be obstructed (38.7% versus 23.6%) and had better contractility (median BCI 81 versus 75). Peak detrusor contraction pressure during overactivity was lower in men with DODU than men with isolated DO. Conclusion: DODU should not be regarded as an exclusively geriatric disease. Differences in urodynamic characteristics suggest that this condition might not just be the coincidental occurrence of DO and underactivity in the same individual. Level of evidence: III
Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effect of Graphene Oxide Added to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
Authors: Dayi Burak , Küçükyıldız Elif Nihan , Taghizadehghalehjoughi Ali 
Published: December 2022

Aim: Recently, although studies have shown that biomaterials containing graphene oxide (GO) in biomedicine stand out for their positive effects, the effect of GO on dental tissues when used with dental materials is not well known. The aim of this study was an evaluation of the cytotoxic effects of GO on gingival fibroblasts when it is combined in two different ratios with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, a homogenous mixture of adding +0.1 weight (wt)% and +0.3 wt% GO to Angelus MTA was created (two experimental groups) and compared with pure Angelus MTA and negative control groups. The materials were mixed according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and Teflon molds were used to form 24 disc-shaped samples for each group. The samples were divided into groups according to the simple random sampling method. The cytotoxic effect of samples was determined on gingival fibroblast cells by using the MTT test, and total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) kits in 24 and 72 hours. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: A significant difference was found between the material-applied groups and the control group at the TAC 24 and 72 hours and between the groups containing GO and the control group at the MTT 72 hours and TAC and TOS 24 and 72 hours ( p < .05). Conclusion: The addition of GO to MTA increased the dose and time-based toxicity and oxidant amount, and decreased antioxidant capacity.
Femoral Head Vascularity After Arthroscopic Femoral Osteochondroplasty: An In Vivo Dynamic Contrast–Enhanced MRI Study
Authors: Lazaro Lionel E. , Dyke Jonathan P. , Cady Adam , Banffy Michael B. 
Published: December 2022

Background: A serious concern with surgical procedures around the hip joint is iatrogenic injury of the arterial supply to the femoral head (FH) and consequent development of FH osteonecrosis. Cam-type morphology can extend to the posterosuperior area. Understanding the limit of the posterior superior extension of the femoral osteochondroplasty is paramount to avoid underresection and residual impingement while maintaining FH vascularity. Purpose/Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of arthroscopic femoral osteochondroplasty on the FH vascular supply. It was hypothesized that keeping the superior extension of the resection zone anterior to the 12-o’clock position would maintain FH vascularity. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Ten adult patients undergoing arthroscopic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) surgery were included in the study. Computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained before and after arthroscopic osteochondroplasty to define the extension of resection margins. To quantify FH vascularity, postoperative dynamic contrast–enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) was obtained at 2 time points: immediately after surgery and at the 3-month follow-up. Custom MRI analysis software was used to quantify perfusion. Results: CT scan analysis demonstrated that the superior resection margin was maintained anterior to the 12-o’clock position in half of the patients. The remining 5 patients had a mean posterior extension of 11.4° ± 7.5°. The immediate postoperative DCE-MRI revealed diminished venous outflow in the operative side but no difference in overall FH perfusion. At the 3-month follow-up DCE-MRI, there was no perfusion difference between the operative and nonoperative FHs. Conclusion: This study provides previously unreported quantitative MRI data on in vivo perfusion of the FH after the commonly performed arthroscopic femoral osteochondroplasty for the treatment of cam-type FAI. Maintaining resection margins anterior to the 12-o’clock position, or even 10° posteriorly, was not observed to impair perfusion to the FH.
An Activity Scale for All Youth Athletes? Clinical Considerations for the HSS Pedi-FABS
Authors: Carpenter Connor M. , Cooper Savannah B. , Wilson Philip L. , Miller Shane M. , Wyatt Charles W. , Johnson Benjamin L. , Shea Kevin G. , Ellis Henry B. 
Published: December 2022

Background: The Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS) has demonstrated normally distributed scores in children aged 10 to 18 years. It has been used to evaluate knee injuries; however, there is limited information regarding its use in evaluating other injury types. Purpose: To (1) assess the validity and utility of HSS Pedi-FABS in youth athletes with injuries to different parts of the body and (2) evaluate the association between the HSS Pedi-FABS and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Global Health 7 (PGH), as well as PROMIS–Pain Interference (PGH-PI) and PROMIS-Fatigue (PGH-F) components. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The authors performed a retrospective review of youth athletes aged 10 to 18 years who completed the HSS Pedi-FABS as part of their previsit intake questionnaire between April 2016 and July 2020. HSS Pedi-FABS score distributions were compared and evaluated for ceiling effects in cohorts determined by demographic, injury characteristic, and sports participation variables; a ceiling effect was determined to be present if >15% of respondents received the highest possible score. HSS Pedi-FABS scores were analyzed for a correlation with PGH, PGH-PI, and PGH-F components. Results: Included were 2274 patients (mean age, 14.6 ± 2.1 years; 53.0% female) participating in 21 distinct primary sports for 9.6 ± 7.9 hours per week. The mean HSS Pedi-FABS scores by injury group were as follows: elbow (22.7 ± 6.7), shoulder (21.0 ± 8.7), ankle (20.2 ± 8.8), knee (19.5 ± 9.1), and hip (15.4 ± 10.4) ( P < .001). Broad distribution was seen in each cohort, with no floor or ceiling effects. The HSS Pedi-FABS score correlated with patient-reported hours per week ( r = 0.33), days per week ( r = 0.33), and years of participation ( r = 0.21) ( P < .001 for all). All 3 PROMIS components correlated with HSS Pedi-FABS: PGH ( r = 0.28), PGH-PI ( r = –0.11), and PGH-F ( r = –0.15) ( P < .001). Conclusion: Study findings indicated that the HSS Pedi-FABS is a valid tool for measuring physical activity level in most injured youth athletes, not just those with knee injuries. The correlation of HSS Pedi-FABS with the PGH suggests a positive relationship of childhood physical activity with general health.
Nursing Student's Satisfaction With Virtual Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Kanagaraj Puvaneswari , Sakthivel Rajathi , Christhumary Preetha Carolin , Arulappan Judie , Matua Gerald Amandu , Subramanian Umavalli , Kanagaraj Anbueswari , Jacob Jessy , Muniyandi Hemamalini 
Published: December 2022

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the world in 2020. Every country adopted quarantine measures to prevent the transmission of the coronavirus infection. These measures resulted in dramatic changes in the daily lives of most people. In the academic world, students faced a shift from the traditional classroom-based teaching to virtual distance learning platforms. This shift in nursing education posed challenges both to the instructors and students as they were not fully prepared for this transition. Objective The study assessed the nursing students’ satisfaction with the virtual learning experience during the COVID-19 pandemic in selected nursing colleges in India. Methods The study was conducted in four nursing colleges in India. A total of 1,166 Diploma, Post Basic BSc (N), BSN, and MSN nursing students participated in the study. Ethical approval was obtained from all the nursing colleges included in the study. The Google Forms satisfaction survey included student, teacher, course, technology, environmental, and practical dimensions. Results The response rate was 86.31% (n = 1,166). The overall satisfaction with virtual theory and practical classes has a mean and SD score of 67.14 + 11 and 16.21 + 3.46, respectively. The results showed that overall 51% of the students had good satisfaction with virtual theory classes while 48% had moderate satisfaction. In terms of overall satisfaction with virtual practical classes, approximately 39% had good satisfaction, 58% had moderate satisfaction and nearly 3% had poor satisfaction. In addition, the students expressed that they had good satisfaction with Teacher dimension (64.3%), Student dimension (63%), and Course dimension (57.2%). On the contrary, they expressed poor satisfaction in the Technical dimension (11.3%) and Environmental dimension (5.6%). The results showed that the courses, the place of attending class, and health issues were significantly associated with the student's level of satisfaction with virtual learning. Conclusion Although the majority of the students rated their satisfaction level as being “good” in virtual theory classes and “moderate” in virtual practical learning, most of them were dissatisfied with the Technical and Environmental dimensions of virtual learning. This results calls for blended learning strategies to be designed to enhance better learning outcomes and, to ensure deepened level of satisfaction with virtual learning activities.