bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive dysfunction in adolescents with substance use disorder
Authors: Abdulaal Ahmed , El Tantawy Ashraf , Ibrahim Omneya , Elbadry Hytham , Hassan Haydy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Substance abuse is a major health problem, associated with multiple clinical correlates. Cognitive dysfunctions were among the most relevant health problems associated with substance abuse among adolescents. The aim of the study is investigate the main cognitive domains affected in a sample of adolescents with substance use disorders. A case-control comparison was performed between 100 substance abusers versus 40 controls. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview v.5, Addiction Severity Index, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, socioeconomic scale, and multiple historical variables investigated.

Results
Substance abusers showed higher mean than control as regard all other WCST domains. The difference between two groups was statistically significant. Cannabis substance mostly affects early conceptualization and problem-solving abilities, while inhalants affect predominantly sustained attention, and alcohol mostly affect cognitive flexibility. Polysubstance use is more harmful to most of the executive function domain than mono substance use.

Conclusions
The substance use disorders are a major health problem accompanied cognitive dysfunction among adolescents and associated with increased rates of executive dysfunction. Cognitive flexibility, sustained attention, problem-solving abilities, and early conceptualization are the most domains affected.
Predictive lithology mapping using semisupervised learning: Practical insights using a case study from New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Dunham Michael W. , Malcolm Alison , Welford J. Kim 
Published: February 2023

We develop a comprehensive study involving three different types of machine learning (unsupervised, supervised, and semisupervised, which we emphasize) for bedrock-lithology classification using a publicly available data set from New South Wales, Australia. The goal of this work is to demonstrate (1) the value each different type of machine learning can provide and (2) which machine learning type(s) may be preferable under different circumstances. Training data are characteristically limited for geoscience problems, which makes supervised techniques susceptible to overfitting; we explore if semisupervised methods can perform better in these circumstances. Using the geophysical data and geologic map provided for the study area, we compare the performance of two supervised methods (the Light Gradient Boosting Machine and eXtreme Gradient Boosting) with one semisupervised algorithm (label propagation [LP]) in three scenarios with varied limited a priori lithologic constraints (i.e., the training data). Hyperparameter tuning is an essential component of supervised and semisupervised techniques, and the default procedure is to choose the hyperparameter combination with the largest mean cross-validation score. However, we use a new hyperparameter selection strategy that simultaneously uses the mean and standard deviation scores, and we test this new tactic for supervised and semisupervised methods. The results indicate (1) that the new hyperparameter selection technique can slightly improve the performance for supervised and semisupervised methods by 1%–2% compared with the standard selection approach and (2) that LP can outperform the two supervised methods by up to 10%, but it depends on how the training data are distributed. As for the unsupervised analysis, the clusters indicate heterogeneous regions that correlate well with the high-entropy areas in the supervised and semisupervised results. The clustering provides complementary results to the other two types of machine learning and is a source of supporting evidence for suggesting where more in-depth field mapping may be needed.
Walter Scott's Loose Leaves: Books, Scraps, and Dispersive Reading
Authors: Lynch Deidre 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Novel studies and book history alike emphasize the significance of Walter Scott's creation of his Magnum Opus edition (1829–33): a repossession, on behalf of a newly individuated author and between the covers of a uniformly manufactured edition, of publications that had previously appeared as the works of sundry authorial eidolons. For a nineteenth-century culture of collected editions, this act of rebinding represented a foundational moment. But Scott's novels also figured prominently within a robust tradition of commonplacing and scrapbooking in which books were understood as things that came apart, literally and figuratively, as well as things that came together. Nineteenth-century readers were keen to cut up, recontextualize, and reboot Scott's printed works inside their own homemade manuscript volumes. Guided by their practices, we are able to see how Scott's own novels—particularly Waverley, Rob Roy, The Monastery—yield an alternative account of the book as something scrappy, loosely bound, and made through scissors and paste methods: a temporary gathering ready to be dispersed once more. This essay explores the implications of this alternative account of the book for our ideas of novelistic form, and in particular for what Elaine Freedgood has called the “diegetic illusion”: a way of conceptualizing texts as though they were tightly bound books, which understands novels as the containers for enclosed, bounded worlds. To trace these implications is to see how the dispersive readings that helped define Scott's nineteenth-century afterlife might also prove useful points of reference for twenty-first-century efforts to decolonize novel studies’ understanding of its object.
Outcomes following external beam radiotherapy to the prostate and pelvic lymph nodes in addition to androgen deprivation therapy in non-metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma with regional lymph node involvement: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mohamad Roji Akmal , Sandhu Rahul , Zarkar Anjali 
Published: February 2023

Objective There is a paucity of evidence for external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in patients with non-metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma with regional lymph nodes (cN1) as primary treatment in addition to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We present the retrospective outcomes of cN1 patients treated with prostate and pelvic nodal (PPLN) EBRT and ADT. Methods The clinical records of cN1 patients given PPLN EBRT from January 2012 to January 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Primary outcomes of overall survival, prostate cancer-specific survival, and failure-free survival were analysed. Secondary outcomes of biochemical relapse-free survival, locoregional recurrence-free survival, and distant metastases-free survival were also reviewed. The prognostic values of clinicopathological parameters were investigated. Treatment toxicity was also reviewed. Results We identified 121 cN1 patients treated with PPLN EBRT and ADT. Treatment was well tolerated, with only a minority (1.7%) having Grade 3 toxicities. 5-year overall survival and prostate cancer-specific survival were 74.4 and 89.1% respectively. 5-year failure-free survival was 55.4%; with 5-year biochemical relapse-free survival, locoregional recurrence-free survival, and distant metastases-free survival at 56.2%, 85.2%, and 65.4% respectively. The benefits of PPLN EBRT were seen in most patients, with prolonged failure-free period and good loco-regional control. Conclusion Patients with cN1 disease should be considered for PPLN EBRT, in addition to ADT. Treatment is well tolerated with low toxicity, good locoregional control, and prolonged time to disease progression. Advances in knowledge We report real-world experience of cN1 patients treated with PPLN EBRT in addition to ADT, with good outcomes following treatment and low toxicity.
Laser beacon and full aperture tilt measurement
Authors: Lukin Vladimir P. 
Published: February 2023

Theoretical and applied investigations into application of lasers for generation of artificial guide stars [1,2] became very popular in the last years. I think it is suitable for me to return to some results which were received 10-15 years ago and published in Soviet scientific journals. The complete summary of these results was presented in Refs. 3-8. To the broad circle of foreign researchers they become more accessible after publication of my book [9].
In that time I was involved into a problem of stabilization of a laser direction diagram. For this purpose in the focal plane of a telescope we were tracking the image of a reference beacon. In the framework of this work for a beam which passed through turbulent media and an image formed by the same optical system 1 calculated the mutual correlation of random shifts or centroids. It was assumed that the image can be the one formed by a real reference source (beacon) or by an optical beam reflected from some object.
Performance Characterization of High Performance, Low Cost Wavefront Reconstructor System
Authors: Rogers Sam , McDermott Scot 
Published: February 2023

Logicon RDA has participated in the Air Force Phillips Laboratory imaging efforts under the direction of Dr. J. Gonglewski during the past years. We just finished supporting an adaptive optics experiment using a 197 actuator deformable mirror that was installed on the 3.5 m telescope located at Starfire Optical Range in Albuquerque NM. The experiment initially called for all centroid and wavefront reconstruction calculations be performed using a CSPI multiple i860 processor board. It was quickly determined that the resulting bandwidth would be insufficient to support the experiment objectives so Logicon RDA was tasked with designing and implementing a hardware based centroid and wavefront reconstructor.
A deformable mirror with a large number of actuators and a requirement for high speed control leads towards the current trend to dedicate a single processing element per actuator. While this allows flexible control with enhanced diagnostic capabilities, the size and complexity of the system increases as does the number of interfaces. Our approach, to quickly provide the needed bandwidth for this experiment, was to use a small number of inexpensive parallel processing paths that are capable of keeping up with the camera frame rate of 1000 fps. This reduced the size of our system (3, 6U VME boards) and kept the number of interfaces to a manageable number.
The centroid areas used for each actuator are completely reconfigurable (size and location) via the host processor as is the matrix used to reconstruct the wavefront. The matrix multiply is a brute force approach with no shortcuts implemented allowing the user to tailor the matrix to account for local effects if needed.
We believe that our approach is an inexpensive method to control a medium sized deformable mirror (up to 500 actuators) running at frame rates of up to 2000 fps.
We discuss the processing system configuration, the methods used to predict and measure the performance of the Deformable Mirror system, actual system performance results and show a cost breakdown and photographs of the centroid calculator and the wavefront reconstructor.
Phase-diverse speckle restorations of artificial satellites imaged with adaptive-optics compensation
Authors: Seldin John H. , Paxman Richard G. , Ellerbroek Brent L. , Johnston Dustin C. 
Published: February 2023

1. BACKGROUND
The resolution achieved in ground-based space-object imaging is usually limited by turbulence-induced aberrations. Although adaptive-optics systems designed to eliminate phase aberrations introduced by atmospheric turbulence correct a large portion of these aberrations, the correction is never perfect. There are several sources of residual aberrations that degrade the imagery: imperfect wavefront sensing (particularly in low light level situations), the time lag between sensing and correction (which allows for evolution of the atmosphere and is a particular problem when slewing to track an earth-orbiting space object), and deformable-mirror fitting errors. There are also scenarios in which adaptive-optics compensation is intermittent, degraded, or simply unavailable. For instance, when tracking an artificial satellite at a sufficiently high slew rate, the performance of the adaptive optics loop can degrade and fluctuate to a degree which severely limits the resolution in the images. Furthermore, a pure post-detection capability insures the continuing availability of fine-resolution images, even during adaptive-optics down time owing to routine maintenance or temporary system failure. Therefore, post-detection reconstruction methods provide an important complement to and backup for pre-detection correction.
Sagnac interferometer-type nondegenerate polarization entangled two-photon source with a Fresnel rhomb
Authors: Aizawa Naoto , Niizeki Kazuya , Sasaki Riku , Horikiri Tomoyuki 
Published: February 2023

Telecommunication wavelength-entangled photon sources (EPS) are
indispensable systems for a fiber-based quantum network. We developed
a Sagnac-type spontaneous parametric down conversion system adopting a
Fresnel rhomb as a wideband and reasonable retarder. This novelty, to
the best of our knowledge, enables the generation of a highly
nondegenerate two-photon entanglement comprising the telecommunication
wavelength (1550 nm) and quantum memory wavelength
(606 nm for Pr:YSO) with only one nonlinear crystal. Quantum
state tomography was performed to evaluate the degree of entanglement,
and the fidelity with a Bell state |Φ+⟩ with a maximum of 94.4% was obtained.
Therefore, this paper shows the potential of nondegenerate EPSs that
are compatible with both telecommunication wavelength and
quantum-memory wavelength to be installed in quantum
repeater architecture.
Continuous/lifelong learning and educational infrastructure: urban study
Authors: Posțan Liliana 
Published: February 2023

In this article, we refer to lifelong learning infrastructure, as can be oberved and accessed by the subjects of this study near their home/location, in accordance with the recommendations of the Memo- randum on Lifelong Learning.1In order to estimate the accessibility and access to education and lifelong learning, we conducted a case study on a street in Chisinau. We note that in the Republic of Moldova, the processes of educa- tion reform through modernization have focused mainly on intellectual aspects (curriculum, teacher training, textbook reform), while “material”/infrastructure aspects (training environment and means of education) were given less attention, citing lack of financial means or division of responsibility between authorities at different levels.
In this context, we note that in 2020, Chisinau, along with 54 other cities in 27 countries around the world, joined the UNESCO Global Network of “Learning Cities”. Selected cities are outstanding examples of locations where lifelong learning can become a local reality. We analyze development strategies at different levels in order to pursue the objectives related to ensuring quality education from the perspective of lifelong learning.
Characterization of effective constituents in Acanthopanax senticosus fruit for blood deficiency syndrome based on the chinmedomics strategy
Authors: Wan Chunlei , Wang Xijun , Liu Hongda , Zhang Qingyu , Yan Guangli , Li Zhineng , Fang Heng , Sun Hui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The fruit of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. and Maxim.) has been newly developed for the treatment of blood deficiency syndrome clinically, but the effective constituents are still unclear, restricting its quality control and the new medicinal development based on it. This study elucidated the efficacy of A. senticosus fruit (ASF) for treating blood deficiency syndrome and accurately characterize the constituents. Chinmedomics strategy was used to identify the metabolic biomarkers of the model and the overall effect of ASF was evaluated based on the biomarker when it showed intervention effects for blood deficiency syndrome. ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the components in the blood absorbed from A. senticosus fruit, and the components highly relevant to the biomarker are regarded as potential effective constituents for blood deficiency syndrome. Twenty-two of the 28 urine metabolites of blood deficiency syndrome were significantly regulated by A. senticosus fruit, 97 compounds included 20 prototype components, and 77 metabolites were found in vivo under the acting condition. The highly relevant constituents were isofraxidin, eleutheroside B, eleutheroside B1, eleutheroside E, and caffeic acid, which might be the effective constituents of A. senticosus fruit. It is a promising new medicinal resource that can be used for treating blood deficiency syndrome.
Two-Level Error Estimation for the Integral Fractional Laplacian
Authors: Faustmann Markus , Stephan Ernst P. , Wörgötter David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
For the singular integral definition of the fractional Laplacian, we consider an adaptive finite element method steered by two-level error indicators.
For this algorithm, we show linear convergence in two and three space dimensions as well as convergence of the algorithm with optimal algebraic rates in 2D, when newest vertex bisection is employed for mesh refinement.
A key step hereby is an equivalence of the nodal and Scott–Zhang interpolation operators in certain weighted

L
2

L^{2}

-norms.
Study on the aging of three typical rubber materials under high- and low-temperature cyclic environment
Authors: Li Sen , Ke Yuchao , Xie Lingyun , Zhao Zhenzhen , Huang Xiaoyu , Wang Yichun , Wang Zixi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As the key components of sealing applications, rubber seals are subject to complicated environmental conditions during the service lifetime. In this study, the aging of three typical rubber materials, ethylene–propylene–diene monomer rubber, liquid silicone rubber, and fluorine rubber, was tested under different high- and low-temperature cycle aging environments. The experimental results confirm that the reciprocating temperature cycle causes a type of fatigue failure, which could result in an increase in the rubber compression set. In addition, a novel accelerated aging test method was proposed based on the dominant damage mechanism of rubber material caused by the temperature cycle treatments. Based on this method, the long-term aging test results of rubber samples under high- and low-temperature cycle conditions can be predicted. This method could significantly shorten the aging test time and reduce the test cost.
Cultural unit red in the Old Testament
Authors: Almalech Mony 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe paper describes and analyzes the full presence of red in the Old Testament – in Hebrew and translations. The approach is interdisciplinary, which includes: the treatment of color as a cultural unit, according to the idea of Umberto Eco; lexical and contextual semantics; examining Basic Color Terms (BCT – adjective, noun, verb), Prototype Terms (PTbloodandfire), Rival Terms of Prototypes (RT), e.g.ruby; Ters for Basic Features of the Prototypes (TBFPburn); translation as a criterion and semiotic value; semiotic osmosis (semio-osmosis) as a process that aims equivalence between Hebrew PT and TBFP; semio-osmosis and accommodation; cultural and linguistic context; the interplay of old information (topic/theme) – new information (focus/rheme); rhizome of Hebrew rootAleph-Dalet-Memderiving untranslatable set of words; well-structured and always translatable terms for PTs. Some links between the Old and New Testaments based on red color are explicit.
Crystal structure of photochromic 3-(5-(2,5-dimethylthiophen-3-yl)-2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclopentyl)-2-methylbenzo[b]-thiophene, C20H14F6S2
Authors: Duan Xianzhi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
C20H14F6S2, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.6105(19) Å, b = 11.027(3) Å, c = 11.485(3) Å, α = 87.191(3)°, β = 69.130(2)°, γ = 69.679(2)°, V = 952.1(4) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0344, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0967, T = 296(2) K.
Current state-of-the-art review of nanotechnology-based therapeutics for viral pandemics: Special attention to COVID-19
Authors: Motiei Marjan , Lucia Lucian A. , Sáha Tomas , Sáha Petr 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOver the past two centuries, most pandemics have been caused by zoonotic RNA viruses with high mutation, infection, and transmission rates. Due to the importance of understanding the viruses’ role in establishing the latest outbreak pandemics, we briefly discuss their etiology, symptomatology, and epidemiology and then pay close attention to the latest chronic communicable disease, SARS-CoV-2. To date, there are no generally proven effective techniques in the diagnosis, treatment, and spread strategy of viral diseases, so there is a profound need to discover efficient technologies to address these issues. Nanotechnology can be a promising approach for designing more functional and potent therapeutics against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other viral diseases. Moreover, this review intends to summarize examples of nanostructures that play a role in preventing, diagnosing, and treating COVID-19 and be a comprehensive and helpful review by covering notable and vital applications of nanotechnology-based strategies for improving health and environmental sanitation.
Quality of poultry meat- the practical issues and knowledge based solutions
Authors: Bogucka Joanna , Stadnicka Katarzyna 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Animal protein is the most demanded and expensive source of nutritive protein, globally. Taking into account various types of poultry, the broiler (meat-type poultry) is widely accepted by various religious societies and relatively cheap amongst others animal protein sources. In particular, the chicken and turkey product is perceived to be healthier and of better quality due to a low content of fat, cholesterol and sodium compared to red meat. In order to maintain an unabated development and competitiveness of poultry industry, the priority is to focus on quality and safety of meat, during whole production and processing route. Consumers awareness of what should be considered a high quality product is constantly increasing, especially in the light of European and worldwide strategies to meet the common societal and environmental challenges, i.e. addressing the Zero Hunger goals, Green Deal and One Health concept. In this chapter, a common area of interest for a dialogue of poultry scientists and industrial practitioners is drawn from the background given on the consumer (demands and health)-centered issues.