bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a radiomics-based nomogram for the prediction of postoperative malnutrition in stage IB1-IIA2 cervical carcinoma
Authors: Yu Wenke , Xu Hong’en , Chen Fangjie , Shou Huafeng , Chen Ying , Jia Yongshi , Zhang Hongwei , Ding Jieni , Xiong Hanchu , Wang Yiwen , Song Tao 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveIn individuals with stage IB1-IIA2 cervical cancer (CC) who received postoperative radiotherapy ± chemotherapy (PORT/CRT), the interaction between sarcopenia and malnutrition remains elusive, let alone employing a nomogram model based on radiomic features of psoas extracted at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3). This study was set to develop a radiomics-based nomogram model to predict malnutrition as per the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) for individuals with CC.MethodsIn total, 120 individuals with CC underwent computed tomography (CT) scans before PORT/CRT. The radiomic features of psoas at L3 were obtained from non-enhanced CT images. Identification of the optimal features and construction of the rad-score formula were conducted utilizing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression to predict malnutrition in the training dataset (radiomic model). Identification of the major clinical factors in the clinical model was performed by means of binary logistic regression analysis. The radiomics-based nomogram was further developed by integrating radiomic signatures and clinical risk factors (combined model). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curves analysis (DCA) were employed for the evaluation and comparison of the three models in terms of their predictive performance.ResultsTwelve radiomic features in total were chosen, and the rad-score was determined with the help of the non-zero coefficient from LASSO regression. Multivariate analysis revealed that besides rad-score, age and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status could independently predict malnutrition. As per the data of this analysis, a nomogram prediction model was constructed. The area under the ROC curves (AUC) values of the radiomic and clinical models were 0.778 and 0.847 for the training and 0.776 and 0.776 for the validation sets, respectively. An increase in the AUC was observed up to 0.972 and 0.805 in the training and validation sets, respectively, in the combined model. DCA also confirmed the clinical benefit of the combined model.ConclusionThis radiomics-based nomogram model depicted potential for use as a marker for predicting malnutrition in stage IB1-IIA2 CC patients who underwent PORT/CRT and required further investigation with a large sample size.
Retrospective analysis of risk factors for distant metastasis of early-onset gastric cancer during the perioperative period
Authors: Bi Bo , Deng Guo-fei , Duan Yun-min , Huang Zhi-jian , Chen Xiao-yan , Zhang Chang-hua , He Yu-long 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundAlthough the overall global incidence of gastric cancer has been declining, the number of new cases in people under the age of 50 is increasing, which is related to metastasis, late pathological stages, and poor prognosis. There is a scarcity of large-scale studies to evaluate and predict distant metastasis in patients with early-onset gastric cancer.MethodsFrom January 2010 to December 2019, data on early-onset GC patients undergoing surgery were gathered from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We investigated the independent risk factors for distant metastasis in patients with early-onset gastric cancer. Based on these risk factors, we developed a nomogram to predict distant metastasis. The model underwent internal validation on the test set and external validation on 205 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and the seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The novel nomogram model was then evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration, the area under the curve (AUC), and decision curve analysis (DCA). The training set nomogram score was used to classify the different risk clusters of distant metastasis.ResultsOur study enrolled 2217 patients after establishing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with 1873 having no distant metastasis and 344 having distant metastasis. The tumor size, total lymph nodes, whether or not receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy, T stage, and N stage were significant predictors of advanced distant metastasis (p &lt; 0.05). The AUC of the ROC analysis demonstrated our model’s high accuracy. Simultaneously, the prediction model shows high stability and clinical practicability in the calibration curve and DCA analysis.ConclusionsWe developed an innovative nomogram containing clinical and pathological characteristics to predict distant metastasis in patients younger than 50 years old with gastric cancer. The tool can alert clinicians about distant metastasis and help them develop more effective clinical treatment plans.
Preoperative individual-target transcranial magnetic stimulation demonstrates an effect comparable to intraoperative direct electrical stimulation in language-eloquent glioma mapping and improves postsurgical outcome: A retrospective fiber-tracking and electromagnetic simulation study
Authors: Li Sanzhong , Mu Yunfeng , Rao Yang , Sun Chuanzhu , Li Xiang , Liu Huan , Yu Xun , Yan Xiao , Ding Yunxia , Wang Yangtao , Fei Zhou 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundEfforts to resection of glioma lesions located in brain-eloquent areas must balance the extent of resection (EOR) and functional preservation. Currently, intraoperative direct electrical stimulation (DES) is the gold standard for achieving the maximum EOR while preserving as much functionality as possible. However, intraoperative DES inevitably involves risks of infection and epilepsy. The aim of this study was to verify the reliability of individual-target transcranial magnetic stimulation (IT-TMS) in preoperative mapping relative to DES and evaluate its effectiveness based on postsurgical outcomes.MethodsSixteen language-eloquent glioma patients were enrolled. Nine of them underwent preoperative nTMS mapping (n=9, nTMS group), and the other seven were assigned to the non-nTMS group and did not undergo preoperative nTMS mapping (n=7). Before surgery, online IT-TMS was performed during a language task in the nTMS group. Sites in the cortex at which this task was disturbed in three consecutive trials were recorded and regarded as positive and designated nTMS hotspots (HSnTMS). Both groups then underwent awake surgery and intraoperative DES mapping. DES hotspots (HSDES) were also determined in a manner analogous to HSnTMS. The spatial distribution of HSnTMS and HSDES in the nTMS group was recorded, registered in a single brain template, and compared. The center of gravity (CoG) of HSnTMS (HSnTMS-CoG)-based and HSDES-CoG-based diffusion tensor imaging-fiber tracking (DTI-FT) was performed. The electromagnetic simulation was conducted, and the values were then compared between the nTMS and DES groups, as were the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) scale and fiber-tracking values.ResultsHSnTMS and HSDES showed similar distributions (mean distance 6.32 ± 2.6 mm, distance range 2.2-9.3 mm, 95% CI 3.9-8.7 mm). A higher fractional anisotropy (FA) value in nTMS mapping (P=0.0373) and an analogous fiber tract length (P=0.2290) were observed. A similar distribution of the electric field within the brain tissues induced by nTMS and DES was noted. Compared with the non-nTMS group, the integration of nTMS led to a significant improvement in language performance (WAB scores averaging 78.4 in the nTMS group compared with 59.5 in the non-nTMS group, P=0.0321 &lt; 0.05) as well as in brain-structure preservation (FA value, P=0.0156; tract length, P=0.0166).ConclusionPreoperative IT-TMS provides data equally crucial to DES and thus facilitates precise brain mapping and the preservation of linguistic function.
Syngeneic model of carcinogen-induced tumor mimics basal/squamous, stromal-rich, and neuroendocrine molecular and immunological features of muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Shah Shruti D. , Gillard Bryan M. , Wrobel Michelle M. , Karasik Ellen , Moser Michael T. , Mastri Michalis , Long Mark D. , Sule Norbert , Brackett Craig M. , Huss Wendy J. , Foster Barbara A. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionBladder cancer is a heterogenous disease and the emerging knowledge on molecular classification of bladder tumors may impact treatment decisions based on molecular subtype. Pre-clinical models representing each subtype are needed to test novel therapies. Carcinogen-induced bladder cancer models represent heterogeneous, immune-competent, pre-clinical testing options with many features found in the human disease.MethodsInvasive bladder tumors were induced in C57BL/6 mice when continuously exposed to N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN) in the drinking water. Tumors were excised and serially passed by subcutaneous implantation into sex-matched syngeneic C57BL/6 hosts. Eight lines were named BBN-induced Urothelium Roswell Park (BURP) tumor lines. BURP lines were characterized by applying consensus molecular classification to RNA expression, histopathology, and immune profiles by CIBERSORT. Two lines were further characterized for cisplatin response.ResultsEight BURP tumor lines were established with 3 male and 3 female BURP tumor lines, having the basal/squamous (BaSq) molecular phenotype and morphology. BURP-16SR was established from a male mouse and has a stromal-rich (SR) molecular phenotype and a sarcomatoid carcinoma morphology. BURP-19NE was established from a male mouse and has a neuroendocrine (NE)-like molecular phenotype and poorly differentiated morphology. The established BURP tumor lines have unique immune profiles with fewer immune infiltrates compared to their originating BBN-induced tumors. The immune profiles of the BURP tumor lines capture some of the features observed in the molecular classifications of human bladder cancer. BURP-16SR growth was inhibited by cisplatin treatment, while BURP-24BaSq did not respond to cisplatin.DiscussionThe BURP lines represent several molecular classifications, including basal/squamous, stroma-rich, and NE-like. The stroma-rich (BURP-16SR) and NE-like (BURP-19NE) represent unique immunocompetent models that can be used to test novel treatments in these less common bladder cancer subtypes. Six basal/squamous tumor lines were established from both male and female mice. Overall, the BURP tumor lines have less heterogeneity than the carcinogen-induced tumors and can be used to evaluate treatment response without the confounding mixed response often observed in heterogeneous tumors. Additionally, basal/squamous tumor lines were established and maintained in both male and female mice, thereby allowing these tumor lines to be used to compare differential treatment responses between sexes.
Early cochlear implantation in prelingual profound hearing loss in Italy, analyzed by means of a social media survey
Authors: Orzan Eva , Pizzamiglio Giulia , Magadle Jad , Bubbico Luciano , Cutler Jodi M. , Consolino Patrizia , Burdo Sandro , Zamagni Giulia , Magni Elena , Mariottini Claudio , Gambacorta Valeria , Ricci Giampietro , Brotto Davide 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo assess newborn hearing screening (NHS) impact on timing of cochlear implant (CI) surgery of patients with prelingual bilateral profound hearing impairment (BPHI), in order to evaluate whether the NHS ultimately serves the needs of the target population in Italy.MethodsAn online questionnaire was created to survey subjects affected by prelingual BPHL born between 1990 and 2018. Questions focused on age at BPHI diagnosis, first and second CI surgery (if performed), and the region in which the surgery was performed. The survey was distributed to potential participants via social media communities used by hearing impaired people or their family members for sharing advice and offering support. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsAmong the 318 respondents who completed the questionnaire, 276 (87%) reported having chosen CI surgery, 2/3 of them bilaterally. In the vast majority (97%) of cases the CI is used on a daily basis. Most of the people residing in the center (65%) and southern Italy (71%) had to move from their region of residence to perform the surgery. Late CI surgery was associated with failure to perform NHS (p = 0.007), birth before 2011 (p = 0.009), definitive diagnosis of BPHI after 6 months of life (p = 0.002), and progressive hearing impairment (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe worldwide scientific approval of the NHS as the current best opportunity for early diagnosis and CI treatment for prelingual BPHI is confirmed by what patients and families reported via the online questionnaire used for this study. In recent years, early bilateral cochlear implantation has become increasingly available in Italy, but late diagnosis, progressive hearing loss, failure to perform the NHS and lack of follow-up are still open questions. A large proportion of families had to move from the region of residence to have their child undergo CI surgery, revealing inequalities in terms of geographical disparities. Social media has proved to be a valuable, fast and inexpensive tool for gathering information on the effectiveness of health prevention programs, involving a large sample of individuals in a short amount of time.
Case Report: Recombinant human growth hormone therapy in a patient with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Kondo-Fu type
Authors: Chen Congli , Wu Jin , Liu Ying 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundVariants in membrane-bound transcription factor peptidase, site 1 (MBTPS1) gene, can result in clinically rare spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia of Kondo-fu type (OMIM #618392, SEDKF), Silver–Russell syndrome, and CAOP (cataract, alopecia, oral mucosal disorder, and psoriasis-like) syndrome.Case presentationA 6-year-old Chinese male child diagnosed with SEDKF underwent 3 years of growth hormone therapy. A genetic examination revealed two new nonsense variants in the MBTPS1 gene on chromosome 16q23-q24 with compound heterozygotes c.1589(exon12)A &gt; G and c.163(exon2)G &gt; A.ConclusionThe MBTPS1 gene c.1589(exon12)A &gt; G and c.163(exon2)G &gt; A on chromosome 16q23-q24 is associated with SEDKF. Growth hormone therapy can repair growth retardation in patients with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Kondo-Fu type; however, more evidence of such patient cases is required to support this hypothesis.
Shu-Xie decoction alleviates oxidative stress and colon injury in acute sleep-deprived mice by suppressing p62/KEAP1/NRF2/HO1/NQO1 signaling
Authors: Wang Mengyuan , Li Bo , Liu Yijiang , Zhang Mengting , Huang Caoxin , Cai Teng , Jia Yibing , Huang Xiaoqing , Ke Hongfei , Liu Suhuan , Yang Shuyu 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Sleep disorders are common clinical psychosomatic disorders that can co-exist with a variety of conditions. In humans and animal models, sleep deprivation (SD) is closely related with gastrointestinal diseases. Shu-Xie Decoction (SX) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant properties. SX is effective in the clinic for treating patients with abnormal sleep and/or gastrointestinal disorders, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. This study investigated the mechanisms by which SX alleviates SD-induced colon injury in vivo.Methods: C57BL/6 mice were placed on an automated sleep deprivation system for 72 h to generate an acute sleep deprivation (ASD) model, and low-dose SX (SXL), high-dose SX (SXH), or S-zopiclone (S-z) as a positive control using the oral gavage were given during the whole ASD-induced period for one time each day. The colon length was measured and the colon morphology was visualized using hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining. ROS and the redox biomarkers include reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), molecular docking, immunofluorescence and western blotting assays were performed to detect the antioxidant signaling pathways.Results: ASD significantly increased FBG levels, decreased colon length, moderately increased the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon mucosa, altered the colon mucosal structure, increased the levels of ROS, GSH, MDA, and SOD activity compared with the controls. These adverse effects were significantly alleviated by SX treatment. ASD induced nuclear translocation of NRF2 in the colon mucosal cells and increased the expression levels of p62, NQO1, and HO1 transcripts and proteins, but these effects were reversed by SX treatment.Conclusion: SX decoction ameliorated ASD-induced oxidative stress and colon injury by suppressing the p62/KEAP1/NRF2/HO1/NQO1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, combined clinical experience, SX may be a promising drug for sleep disorder combined with colitis.
Socioeconomic status and problem behaviors in young Chinese children: A moderated mediation model of parenting styles and only children
Authors: Lin Xunyi , Zhang Yifan , Liao Yutong , Xie Wanlin 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThis study tested a moderated mediation model of child number (CN) and parenting styles (PS) in the relationships between family socioeconomic status (SES) and young children’s problem behaviors (PB).MethodsA sample of 1,101 children (Mage = 4.90 years, SD = 1.07) and their parents participated in this study. Parents reported on PS, SES, and children’s PB.Results and DiscussionThe results show SES was positively related to authoritative parenting and negatively related to authoritarian parenting; problem behaviors were negatively related to authoritative parenting and positively related to authoritarian parenting; authoritative parenting and authoritarian parenting mediated the relationship between SES and PB; and singleton moderated the relationship between SES and PB. The combination of only children and low levels of SES could lead to high PB levels, while the combination of non-only children and high levels of SES could lead to high PB levels. At the same SES, only children had higher PB levels than non-only children.
rTMS investigation of resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders: Efficacy of targeting the reward system
Authors: Di Ponzio Michele , Makris Nikos , Tenerini Carlotta , Grassi Eleonora , Ragone Samuele , Pallanti Stefano 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionRepetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is not only a therapeutic option but also an investigational tool to explore circuits and subjective dimensions in pathological conditions. Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders (OCRDs) shared similarities with Substance Use Disorder (SUD), suggesting the involvement of the reward system. This study aimed to verify the efficacy of targeting the reward system with rTMS in OCRDs.MethodsPatients with trichotillomania, hoarding disorder and skin picking disorder were treated with rTMS over the left DorsoLateral PreFrontal Cortex (DLPFC) at 15 Hz, targeting the reward system via the connection with the nucleus accumbens and the ventral tegmental area. All patients were administered with psychometric scales assessing depression symptoms and severity of OCRDs symptoms at the baseline, at the end of the treatment and a 1-month follow-up.ResultsAnalysis of the results showed a reduction in symptom severity at the end of the treatment in all three groups (p &lt; 0.0001) as well as a reduction in depression symptoms (p &lt; 0.01). Improvements at 1-month follow-up were maintained only in younger patients. Indeed, when changes in scores at the follow-up were analyzed separately for younger (&lt;30 years) and older patients (&gt;60 years), the elderly showed again an increase in symptoms severity, suggesting that the stability of TMS effects over time reduces with age, possibly as an effect of age-related reduction in brain plasticity.DiscussionThis study adopted with promising results a protocol (15 Hz over the left DLPFC) targeting the reward system, typically employed in addictions. These results can be in line with the view of OCRDs as behavioral addictions, suggesting the implication of common circuits, such as the reward system, in the mechanisms at the basis of these disorders.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the fathers’ fear of childbirth scale: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Guo Pingping , Zhang Xuehui , Cui Nianqi , Chen Dandan , Wang Lijuan , Zheng Qiong , Xu Jin , Jin Yin , Mao Minna , Xu Ping , Zhang Wei , Wang Xiaojuan , Xu Xuefen , Zhao Rujia , Feng Suwen 
Published: February 2023

Background and AimFear of childbirth (FOC) is one of the most common mental health concerns among expectant fathers, which can cause adverse consequences for themselves and their families. A valid and accurate tool is the key to the identification of FOC. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the fathers’ fear of childbirth scale (FFCS) into simplified Chinese and test the scale’s psychometric properties among expectant fathers in mainland China.MethodsResearchers obtained translation permission and followed the multiphase translation guidelines to develop the Chinese version of the fathers’ fear of childbirth scale (C-FFCS). Relevant psychometric properties were selected for the scale’s psychometric validation on the basis of the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Status Measurement Instruments checklist. In this cross-sectional study, two samples of expectant fathers were collected in a university-affiliated hospital in Hangzhou between September and October 2022.ResultsA total of 381 expectant fathers completed the C-FFCS, resulting in an effective response rate of 95.6%. The C-FFCS is a 3-factor structure consisting of 16 items, which explained 66.374% of the total variance. The content validity index of items ranged from 0.833 to 1.00, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.931. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the scale’s 3-factor structure. Evidence of convergent validity (average variance extracted = 0.508–0.780) as well as discriminant validity offered excellent psychometric support. The Cronbach’s α coefficient, McDonald’s ω coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient, Spearman-Brown coefficient, and Guttman split-half coefficient are within the satisfactory range (&gt; 0.80). Significant correlations between the scores of the C-FFCS and Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire (r = 0.658, p &lt; 0.01) and Fear of Birth Scale (r = 0.555, p &lt; 0.01) both revealed good concurrent validity. The structure of C-FFCS was invariant across different parity groups, with no floor and ceiling effect.ConclusionThe C-FFCS was demonstrated to be a sound instrument with good reliability and validity for measuring Chinese expectant fathers’ FOC levels. However, further studies are advocated to verify the C-FFCS among a larger sample that is more representative of the Chinese expectant father population.