bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Exercise Electrocardiography With Normal Stress Echocardiography Is Associated With Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Duran Jessica M. , Shrader Peter , Hong Chuan , Haddad Francois , Santana Everton J. , Cauwenberghs Nicholas , Kouznetsova Tatiana , Salerno Michael , Bloomfield Gerald , Koweek Lynne , Hernandez Adrian , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Shah Svati H. , Douglas Pamela S. , Daubert Melissa A. ,   on behalf of the Project Baseline Health Study Group
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
Patients with abnormal (positive) exercise electrocardiography, but normal stress echocardiography (+ECG/−Echo), have an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events compared with patients with a normal (negative) ECG and a normal stress Echo (−ECG/−Echo). However, it is unclear if +ECG/−Echo discordance is associated with a greater burden of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

METHODS:
Project Baseline Health Study participants who underwent a stress Echo and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan were stratified by stress Echo result: −ECG/−Echo or +ECG/−Echo. Multivariable regression investigated the association between stress Echo results and CAC burden. Event-free survival from a composite of adverse cardiovascular events was compared between groups.

RESULTS:

Among 1630 asymptomatic participants in this observational cohort study, 1503 (92.2%) had a −ECG/−Echo, 105 (6.4%) had a +ECG/−Echo, and 22 (1.3%) had a +Echo. The +ECG/−Echo group had a significantly greater burden of coronary atherosclerosis than the −ECG/−Echo group (mean CAC score, 198±470 versus 53±186;
P
<0.001; CAC
log
, 2.2±2.7 versus 1.2±2.0;
P
<0.001). The −ECG/−Echo group was more likely to have CAC=0 compared with the +ECG/−Echo group (65.9% versus 53.3%;
P
=0.01), whereas the +ECG/−Echo group more commonly had CAC ≥100 (28.6% versus 11.4%;
P
<0.001). After adjustment, CAC
log
scores were 52% higher in the +ECG/−Echo group than in the −ECG/−Echo group (
P
=0.002). Compared with the −ECG/−Echo group, the +ECG/−Echo group was 4.5× more likely to have a CAC score ≥400 (adjusted odds ratio, 4.54 [95% CI, 1.95–10.05];
P
<0.001). After a median follow-up of 4.3 years, a trend toward increased adverse cardiovascular events was observed among participants with +ECG/−Echo.

CONCLUSIONS:
Individuals with a +ECG/−Echo have a higher burden of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis than those with a −ECG/−Echo, which may explain, at least in part, the increased risk for adverse cardiac events in this population. Further study is needed to determine the optimal strategy for mitigating cardiovascular risk in these patients.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03154346.
Predicting Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction: From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Authors: Faridi Kamil F. , Wang Yongfei , Minges Karl E. , Smilowitz Nathaniel R. , McNamara Robert L. , Kontos Michael C. , Wang Tracy Y. , Connors Annie C. , Clary Julie M. , Osborne Anwar D. , Pereira Lucy , Curtis Jeptha P. , Blankinship Kristina , Mayfield Jarrott , Abbott J. Dawn 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
In-hospital mortality risk prediction is an important tool for benchmarking quality and patient prognostication. Given changes in patient characteristics and treatments over time, a contemporary risk model for patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) is needed.

METHODS:
Data from 313 825 acute MI hospitalizations between January 2019 and December 2020 for adults aged ≥18 years at 784 sites in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Chest Pain-MI Registry were used to develop a risk-standardized model to predict in-hospital mortality. The sample was randomly divided into 70% development (n=220 014) and 30% validation (n=93 811) samples, and 23 separate registry-based patient characteristics at presentation were considered for model inclusion using stepwise logistic regression with 1000 bootstrapped samples. A simplified risk score was also developed for individual risk stratification.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the study cohort was 65.3 (SD 13.1) years, and 33.6% were women. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 5.0% (n=15 822 deaths). The final model included 14 variables, with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, and ST-segment elevation MI as the strongest independent predictors of mortality. The model also included age, comorbidities (dyslipidemia, diabetes, prior percutaneous coronary intervention, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease), heart failure on admission, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, and hemoglobin. The model demonstrated excellent discrimination (C-statistic, 0.868 [95% CI 0.865–0.871]) and good calibration, with similar performance across subgroups based on MI type, periods before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and hospital volume. The simplified risk score included values from 0 to 25, with mortality risk ranging from 0.3% with a score of 0 to 1 up to 49.4% with a score >11.

CONCLUSIONS:
This contemporary risk model accurately predicts in-hospital mortality for patients with acute MI and can be used for risk standardization across hospitals and at the bedside for patient prognostication.
Aerolíneas Argentinas Cabin Crew: Experiences and Meanings of Work in the Pandemic
Authors: Miguel Agustina , Cufré Sara 
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the experience and construction of meaning by the all-women cabin crews of Aerolíneas Argentinas working through the pandemic during the suspension of commercial operations in 2020. Our study is centered around three themes: the (re)organization of schedules, job uncertainty, and changes in duties. These transformations in the work process generated an increase in the physical and mental workload, including emotional labor, both paid and unpaid. We offer a contribution to the theoretical discussion of the relationship between working and living conditions as a totality, framed through the lenses of critical research on occupational health and feminist theory. En este artículo analizamos la experiencia y la construcción de sentidos en torno al trabajo en pandemia de las tripulaciones de Aerolíneas Argentinas durante el período de suspensión de operaciones comerciales en el año 2020. Nos enfocamos en el estudio de tres dimensiones: la (re)organización de los tiempos, la incertidumbre laboral y el cambio de tareas. Sostenemos que esas transformaciones en el proceso de trabajo generaron un aumento de la carga laboral, tanto física como mental, incluyendo el trabajo emocional, remunerado y no remunerado. Con ello, buscamos aportar a la discusión teórica acerca de la relación entre las condiciones de trabajo y de vida como una totalidad planteada por los estudios críticos de salud laboral y de las teorías feministas.
An Inquiry-Based Learning Activity to Address Mental Illness Stigma
Authors: Owenz Meghan B. , Tewksbury Megan M. , Aydemir-Döke Deniz 
Published: January 2025

Background Mental illness stigma includes inaccurate stereotypes and is associated with treatment reluctance. Undergraduate psychology courses represent an opportunity for stigma reduction efforts, and yet mental illness stigma may be only minimally affected by standard offerings. Objective We present preliminary evidence of a single-day inquiry-based learning (IBL) activity to address mental illness stigma. Method Undergraduate psychology students ( N = 79) completed a stigma scale on the first day of class, participated in an IBL lab, and then completed the scale a second time. Results The mean score of mental illness stigma at the start of the semester was significantly higher than the postintervention mean score, providing preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the activity. Teaching Implications This single-session IBL activity can be implemented in introductory to clinical psychology courses. Conclusion The activity shows promise as an active-learning strategy to address mental illness stigma. Future research is needed to build on the efficacy of the approach.
Effect of School-Based Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation Program on the Serum Folate Status of Adolescent Girls in Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bolka Amelo , Bosha Tafese , Gebremedhin Samson 
Published: January 2025

Background In Ethiopia, a school-based weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFAS) program is being implemented to reduce burden of anemia in adolescent girls. While the program's impact on iron levels is well-studied, there is limited evidence on its effect on folate status. Objective The study was aimed at assessing the effect of the WIFAS on serum folate levels of school adolescent girls in Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study that compared the serum folate concentration among adolescent girls (10-19 years) enrolled in schools with (n = 165) and without (n = 165) the WIFAS program was carried out. Adolescent girls from both groups were sampled using multistage sampling procedure. The serum folate was compared between the 2 groups using mixed effects linear regression model. Results The study presented significantly higher mean (±standard deviation) serum folate concentration among girls from schools implementing the WIFAS program (9.76 ± 4.02 ng/mL) than their counterparts (7.38 ± 4.53 ng/mL) (β = 2.28, P < .001). The mean hemoglobin level was also higher in the WIFAS arm (13.07 ± 1.81 g/dL) than the comparator group (12.4 ± 1.93 g/dL (β = 0.86, P = .034). Conclusion The school-based WIFAS program showed positive association with serum folate and hemoglobin concentration in adolescent girls. This evidence should be used for advocating the scale-up of the program to areas with high prevalence of anemia and folic acid deficiencies.
Assessment of Micronutrient Levels in Pediatric Migraine Patients
Authors: Akif Özdemir Fatih Mehmet , Çelik Halil 
Published: January 2025

Objective We aimed to evaluate the relationship between attack frequency and severity and serum levels of micronutrient in pediatric migraine patients. Methods Children at 2 hospitals from February to December 2022 diagnosed with migraine were reviewed. Results A total of 171 patients with a mean age of 14.3 ± 2.9 years were included in the study. The median 25(OH) vitamin D level was 15.6 μg/L in patients with an attack frequency of 1-3 per month versus 11.9 μg/L in those with more than 3 attacks per month ( P = .005). The median vitamin B12 level was 386 ng/L in patients with attack duration of 2-6 hours versus 343.5 ng/L in those with an attack duration of 12-24 hours ( P = .048). The median ferritin level was 34 μg/L among patients not receiving prophylactic treatment and 24 μg/L among those receiving prophylactic treatment ( P = .019). Conclusions This study suggests that assessing micronutrient levels may be beneficial in children with migraine.
Processing of reactive acrylic thermoplastic resin at elevated temperatures for rapid composite and fiber metal laminate manufacturing
Authors: Kruse Moritz , Balk Maria , Neffe Axel T. , Ben Khalifa Noomane 
Published: January 2025

Thermoplastic polymers are increasingly being used as matrix materials for composites because they offer the advantage of recyclability and joinability over thermoset matrix systems. The polymerization kinetics and gas formation of different precursor mixtures of the liquid acrylic matrix system Elium® were investigated with different initiator contents and at different temperatures for accelerated processing of composites and fiber metal laminates. The mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting polymers showed no significant difference between the investigated parameters. However, the polymerization time was successfully reduced to under 15 minutes with higher temperatures and initiator contents in laminates with 1 mm thickness. In bulk polymerization and thicker laminates, the right parameters must be chosen to balance polymerization time and matrix heating to avoid gas formation leading to voids in the matrix. A combination of 75 wt% Elium® 130 and 25 wt% Elium® 190 with 1.25 wt% peroxide initiator at 50 °C was found to be optimal for reducing gas formation while simultaneously accelerating the polymerization reaction in 3-5 mm thick layers.
DML-MFCM: A multimodal fine-grained classification model based on deep metric learning for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis
Authors: Wang Heng , Yang Tiejun , Fan Jiacheng , Zhang Huiyao , Zhang Wenjie , Ji Mingzhu , Miao Jianyu 
Published: January 2025

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder. There are no drugs and methods for the treatment of AD, but early intervention can delay the deterioration of the disease. Therefore, the early diagnosis of AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is significant. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) is widely used to present structural changes in the subject's brain tissue. The relatively mild structural changes in the brain with MCI have led to ongoing challenges in the task of conversion prediction in MCI. Moreover, many multimodal AD diagnostic models proposed in recent years ignore the potential relationship between multimodal information. Objective To solve these problems, we propose a multimodal fine-grained classification model based on deep metric learning for AD diagnosis (DML-MFCM), which can fully exploit the fine-grained feature information of sMRI and learn the potential relationships between multimodal feature information. Methods First, we propose a fine-grained feature extraction module that can effectively capture the fine-grained feature information of the lesion area. Then, we introduce a multimodal cross-attention module to learn the potential relationships between multimodal data. In addition, we design a hybrid loss function based on deep metric learning. It can guide the model to learn the feature representation method between samples, which improves the model's performance in disease diagnosis. Results We have extensively evaluated the proposed models on the ADNI and AIBL datasets. The ACC of AD vs. NC, MCI vs. NC, and sMCI vs. pMCI tasks in the ADNI dataset are 98.75%, 95.88%, and 88.00%, respectively. The ACC on the AD vs. NC and MCI vs. NC tasks in the AIBL dataset are 94.33% and 91.67%. Conclusions The results demonstrate that our method has excellent performance in AD diagnosis.
Research on the realization path of open public health data in China
Authors: Zhao Liyang 
Published: January 2025

Purpose/Significance Public health data is an important part of China's public data. It can help improve China's public data open system, realize the value that public health data should have, and achieve the goal of “building a community of shared future for human health” as soon as possible. Method/Process Using the topic mining model, the bibliographic information related to “public health data openness” in the CNKI and WOS is processed to find the influencing factors that affect the realization of public health data openness. Secondly, the mutual influence relationship between these factors is found, and using system dynamics, a causal relationship diagram and a system flow diagram are constructed to simulate and analyze the value realization model of China's public health data openness, and then the value realization path of China's public health data openness is summarized. Result The causal relationship diagram mainly includes four types of circuits, and 43 equation designed models have been determined through multiple simulation simulations. At the 22nd month, the value of “public health data” began to gradually emerge. At the same time, the slope of the line between “data security” and “timely response to data concerns” is also rapidly increasing. In the fourth month, the value of “public health data” remained relatively low and stable. Conclusion The realization path of China's public health data openness can be carried out from three aspects, namely, the “safety standards” on the supply side, the “quality and quantity of citizens” on the demand side, and the improvement of the relevant supervision mechanisms that connect the supply and demand sides, so as to effectively tap the potential value of China's public health data.
Myasthenia Gravis as a Paraneoplastic Manifestation of Renal Cell Carcinoma: More Than a Coincidence?
Authors: Koshy Sujin , Thomas Reji , S Vijayalekshmi , Thampi Jeethu 
Published: January 2025

Background Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease primarily caused by autoantibodies against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at the neuromuscular junction. However, extrathymic malignancies need to be considered in the elderly population. Purpose Although thymic malignancy is the most common tumour association, several extrathymic malignancies complicated with myasthenia gravis have been reported. During the review of the literature, there are only a few reports of myasthenia occurring as a paraneoplastic manifestation of renal cell carcinoma. Methods We present a 64-year-old elderly gentleman with progressive weakness. The patient underwent routine blood investigations, AChR antibody testing repetitive nerve stimulation test (RNST), contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen and radical nephrectomy with histopathological analysis. Results The patient improved significantly with immune modulatory therapies and underwent surgical intervention. He also later started on adjuvant chemotherapy based on histopathological reports and analysis. This case highlights the need for evaluation of extrathymic malignancy in late-onset myasthenia gravis. Conclusion Our case highlights the need for screening for extrathymic malignancies in patients presenting with late-onset myasthenia gravis, which had good outcomes if identified early initiation of treatment.
Farnesol Inhibits Cell Viability and Activates Apoptosis in Glioma C6 Cells via Downregulating Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein Kinase B (AKT)/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Pathway
Authors: Gao Chao , Su Shunzhan , Guan Qi , Huang Xiaoxia , Tan Haichuan , Qiu Zhuang , Su Lili , Cao Shengcao 
Published: January 2025

Background Gliomas are the most aggressive and devastating brain tumors, with a poor prognosis due to their complex etiology, diverse clinical manifestations, and the limited efficacy of existing treatment methods. Purpose The present work was conducted to understand the anticancer activities of farnesol against glioma C6 cells. Methods The effects of farnesol on in vitro free radical scavenging were evaluated at various dosages (1–100 µM). A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was used to assess the influence of farnesol on the growth of glioma C6 cells and nonmalignant Vero cells. The apoptotic levels in the cells were investigated using 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and dual staining assays. The levels of oxidative stress markers, inflammatory biomarkers, apoptotic protein levels, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway proteins were assessed using the respective test kits. Results The results of the free radical scavenging assays proved the antioxidant properties of farnesol. The MTT assay findings demonstrated a significant reduction in C6 cell viability following treatment with farnesol. The findings of the fluorescent assays proved the onset of apoptosis in the farnesol-treated C6 cells. Furthermore, the farnesol treatment effectively increased oxidative stress, increased apoptotic protein levels, and reduced inflammatory marker levels in the C6 glioma cells. The PI3K, AKT, and mTOR protein expression were also successfully downregulated in the C6 glioma cells by farnesol. Conclusion The current results demonstrate that farnesol effectively suppresses viability and triggers apoptosis in C6 cells. Thus, it has the capacity to be an effective anticancer agent to treat glioma. Nonetheless, additional work is still necessary in the future to determine the specific molecular mechanisms involved in farnesol-induced apoptosis in C6 cells.
The Impact of Culture Time on Genistin and Genistein Accumulation in Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Prain Seedlings and the Differentially Expressed Genes
Authors: Yu Qiao Ling , Wu Guang Xiu , Tan Kai Wen , Liang Ying , Qin Shuang Shuang , Wei Fan , Cai Jin Yuan , Chen Ling Yun , Xie Guo Yong , Zhai Ming , Wei Kun Hua 
Published: January 2025

Background Genistein and genistin are the main active constituents of Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Prain and the amount of active constituents in the roots varies depending on the cultivation time. The harvesting period has a great influence on its quality, and there are fewer studies on the optimal harvesting time of F. macrophylla, which is urgently needed to explore the optimal harvesting period to improve its use value. Purpose F. macrophylla (Willd.) Prain is an important medicinal plant distributed in China. This study aimed to enhance the accumulation of active ingredients genistin and genistein in F. macrophylla, and explore the mechanism of biological synthesis of these active compounds at molecular levels. Methods Transcriptome sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technology were applied to F. macrophylla tissue culture seedlings for 30 days after culturing (DAC), 45 DAC, 60 DAC, and 75 DAC. Then, gene expression, representative active substances, and important phenotypic indexes were analyzed. Results The highest fresh weight and root thickness were attained at 45 DAC, the highest plant height at 60 DAC, and the maximum rooting rate at 75 DAC. The genistin content reached the highest level at 45 DAC, and the content of genistein reached the highest level at 30 DAC. The total content of genistin and genistein achieved the maximum levels at 45 DAC. A total of 7,735 differently expressed genes (DEGs) in the three comparable groups, including T45d vs T30d, T60d vs T30d, and T60d vs T45d, were identified. Through the Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of DEGs, isoflavonoid biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched in two groups, including T45d vs T30d and T60d vs T30d. A total of 41 DEGs involved in the production of isoflavones were discovered in the three groups. Conclusion The optimism culture time for the accumulation of genistein and genistin in F. macrophylla seedlings ranged from 30 to 45 days. Forty-one DEGs in the genistein and genistin synthesis pathways were found through transcriptomics analysis. This study sheds light on the biosynthesis of genistin and genistein in F. macrophylla.