bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of psychological factors on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy
Authors: Kim Hee Jin , Kim Eun , Han Doug Hyun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Vaccine hesitancy can prevent full immunization against coronavirus infectious disease-19 (COVID-19). We hypothesized that multiple factors, including an individual’s personality and psychological factors, are associated with vaccine hesitancy.

Methods
A total of 275 non-vaccinated individuals were recruited for this study. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire including sociodemographic factors, health status, COVID-19 literacy and psychological factors (depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, somatization, illness anxiety, temperament and character). In a hierarchical logistic regression analysis, a discrete set of hierarchical variables with vaccine acceptance or hesitancy as the dependent variable was added to the demographic factors for Model 1; Model 1 + health status for Model 2; Model 2 + COVID-19 literacy for Model 3 and Model 3 + psychological factors for Model 4.

Results
Models 3 and 4 could predict vaccine hesitancy. High scores on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and the Illness Attitude Scale, low confidence, low collective responsibility and low reward dependence were risk factors for vaccine hesitancy.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrates that psychological factors play critical roles in vaccine hesitancy. In addition to conventional policies that emphasize COVID-19 vaccines’ safety and efficacy and the collective benefits of vaccination, a more individualized approach that considers an individual’s emotions and personality is necessary.
ASSESSING BODY DOSE RATE CONSTANT AND EFFECTIVE BODY ABSORPTION FACTOR IN TAIWANESE REFERENCE PHANTOMS
Authors: Hung Shih-Yen , Luzhbin Dmytro , Chang Shu-Jun , Chao Max Min , Wu Jay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The self-attenuation of a patient’s body is an important factor in nuclear medicine for designing radiation shielding. Taiwanese reference man (TRM) and Taiwanese reference woman (TRW) were constructed to simulate the body dose rate constant and the effective body absorption factor for 18F-FDG, 131I-NaI and 99mTc-MIBI using the Monte Carlo technique. For TRM, the maximum body dose rate constants for 18F-FDG, 131I-NaI and 99mTc-MIBI were 1.26 × 10−1, 4.89 × 10−2 and 1.76 × 10−2 mSv-m2/GBq-h, respectively, at heights of 110, 110 and 100 cm. For TRW, the results were 1.23 × 10−1, 4.75 × 10−2 and 1.68 × 10−2 mSv-m2/GBq-h at heights of 100, 100 and 90 cm. The effective body absorption factors were 32.6, 36.7 and 46.2% for TRM and 34.2, 38.5 and 48.6% for TRW. Regional reference phantoms along with the derived body dose rate constant and effective body absorption factor should be used for determining regulatory secondary standards in nuclear medicine.
Antisocial behavior is associated with reduced frontoparietal network efficiency in youth
Authors: Tillem Scott , Dotterer Hailey L , Goetschius Leigh G , Lopez-Duran Nestor , Mitchell Colter , Monk Christopher S , Hyde Luke W 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Youth antisocial behavior (AB) is associated with deficits in socioemotional processing, reward and threat processing and executive functioning. These deficits are thought to emerge from differences in neural structure, functioning and connectivity, particularly within the default, salience and frontoparietal networks. However, the relationship between AB and the organization of these networks remains unclear. To address this gap, the current study applied unweighted, undirected graph analyses to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data in a cohort of 161 adolescents (95 female) enriched for exposure to poverty, a risk factor for AB. As prior work indicates that callous-unemotional (CU) traits may moderate the neurocognitive profile of youth AB, we examined CU traits as a moderator. Using multi-informant latent factors, AB was found to be associated with less efficient frontoparietal network topology, a network associated with executive functioning. However, this effect was limited to youth at low or mean levels of CU traits, indicating that these neural differences were specific to those high on AB but not CU traits. Neither AB, CU traits nor their interaction was significantly related to default or salience network topologies. Results suggest that AB, specifically, may be linked with shifts in the architecture of the frontoparietal network.
Neurocognitive functioning in comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea patients is better after positive airway pressure therapy, but worse after cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: exploratory analysis of cognitive outcomes from the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Treatment of Insomnia and Comorbid Sleep Apnea study
Authors: Turner Arlener D , Ong Jason C , Jones Alex L , Tu Alice , Salanitro Matthew , Crawford Megan R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Neurocognitive impairments in comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA) are not well documented. We explored neurocognitive functioning and treatment effects in individuals with COMISA as an ancillary study to a randomized clinical trial.

Methods
Participants with COMISA (n = 45; 51.1% female; mean age = 52.07 ± 13.29 years), from a 3-arm randomized clinical trial combining cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and positive airway pressure (PAP) concurrently (CBT-I+PAP) or sequentially, completed neurocognitive testing at baseline, and post-treatment. Using Bayesian linear mixed models, we estimated effects of CBT-I, PAP, or CBT-I+PAP, compared to baseline, and CBT-I+PAP compared to PAP on 12 metrics across five cognitive domains.

Results
This COMISA sample had worse neurocognitive performance at baseline than reported for insomnia, sleep apnea, and controls in the literature, though short-term memory and psychomotor speed performance appears intact. When comparing PAP to baseline, performance on all measures was better after treatment. Performance after CBT-I was worse compared to baseline, and only performance in attention/vigilance, executive functioning via Stroop interference and verbal memory was better with moderate–high effect sizes and moderate probability of superiority (61–83). Comparisons of CBT-I+PAP to baseline generated results similar to PAP and comparing CBT-I+PAP to PAP revealed superior performance in only attention/vigilance via psychomotor vigilance task lapses and verbal memory for PAP.

Conclusions
Treatment combinations involving CBT-I were associated with poorer neurocognitive performance. These potentially temporary effects may stem from sleep restriction, a component of CBT-I often accompanied by initially reduced total sleep time. Future studies should examine long-term effects of individual and combined COMISA treatment pathways to inform treatment recommendations.

Clinical trial
This was an ancillary study from a clinical trial (Multidisciplinary Approach to the Treatment of Insomnia and Comorbid Sleep Apnea (MATRICS), which was preregistered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01785303)).
Telemedicine and remote monitoring in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Edmondson Claire , Lechtzin Noah 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review
Guidelines for cystic fibrosis (CF) care recommend multidisciplinary teams see patients at least quarterly with frequent measurement of spirometry and collection of respiratory cultures. This can be burdensome for people with CF, particularly if they live far from a specialized care center. This has led to an interest in telehealth coupled with remote monitoring. We review the recent literature on these topics for people with CF.

Recent findings
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated a move toward remote delivery of CF care and multiple recent publications have reported on the feasibility of telehealth, remote spirometry, remote collection of respiratory cultures, adherence monitoring, cough assessment, symptom monitoring and activity tracking. Useful data can be obtained and both clinicians and patients have favorable opinions about remote delivery of healthcare, though the impact on clinical outcomes is not yet known.

Summary
Telehealth and remote monitoring for people with CF is feasible and has grown in use, though it is too early to know how prominently these approaches will fit into routine care for CF.
Role of inguinal and pelvic lymph node dissection for primary urethral carcinoma: a systematic review
Authors: Kochergin Maxim , Fahmy Omar , Asimakopoulos Anastasios D. , Gakis Georgios 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review
Primary urethral carcinoma (PUC) is a rare urologic tumor. There is limited evidence on this entity. This review summarizes the existing evidence on lymph node dissection (LND) in patients with PUC.

Recent findings
We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to evaluate the impact of inguinal and pelvic LND on the oncological outcomes of PUC and to identify indications for this procedure.

Results
Three studies met the inclusion criteria. The cancer detection rate in clinically nonpalpable inguinal lymph node (cN0) was 9% in men and 25% in women. In clinically palpable lymph node (cN+), the malignancy rate was 84% and 50% in men and women, respectively. Overall cancer detection rate in pelvic lymph nodes in patients with cN0 was 29%. Based on tumor stage, the detection rate was 11% in cT1–2 N0 and 37% in cT3–4 N0. Nodal disease was associated with higher recurrence and worse survival. Pelvic LND seems to improve overall survival for patients with LND regardless of the location or stage of lymph nodes. Inguinal LND improved overall survival only in patients with palpable lymph nodes. Inguinal LND had no survival benefit in patients with nonpalpable lymph nodes.

Summary
The available, albeit scarce, data suggest that inguinal LND derives the highest benefit in women and in patients with palpable inguinal nodes, whereas the benefit of pelvic LND seems to be more pronounced across all stages of invasive PUC. Prospective studies are urgently needed to further address the prognostic benefit of locoregional LND in PUC.
Profile of injuries in recent warfare
Authors: Chiniard Thomas , Boutonnet Mathieu , Duron Sandrine , Bertho Kilian , Travers Stéphane , Pasquier Pierre 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
The epidemiology of French military severe trauma patients injured during recent military operations remains poorly described, even if French operations, casualties sustained, and care rendered in a different trauma system are distinct from others. This study aimed at describing the characteristics of these patients upon arrival at hospital in France and during hospital stay.

METHODS
This 5-year retrospective cohort study included all French military servicemen injured during military operations and admitted to the intensive care unit. Data on the characteristics upon arrival at the Percy hospital in France and during hospital stay were obtained from a national civilian trauma registry.

RESULTS
Of 1,990 military trauma patients injured in military operations, 39 were finally admitted to the intensive care unit of the Percy hospital and included in the analysis. Traumas were related to battle injuries and nonbattle injuries in 27 and 12 patients, respectively. Ninety-eight wounds were described: torso (n = 32), limbs (n = 32), head and neck (n = 25), and spine (n = 9). The mechanism of injury was explosion in 19 patients, gunshot wound in 8 patients, motor vehicular crash in 7 patients, or other mechanisms in 5 patients. The median Injury Severity Score was 25.5 (interquartile range, 14–34).

CONCLUSION
This study highlights the small number of military severe trauma patients injured in recent warfare and their characteristics. The use of dedicated systemic military trauma registries could improve the specific epidemiological knowledge on recent warfare and help better prepare for future conflicts that may include major engagements and large-scale combat operations.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level V.
Sleep is required for neural network plasticity in the jellyfishCassiopea
Authors: Abrams Michael J. , Zhang Lilian , Emster Konnor von , Lee Brandon H. , Zeigler Hannah , Jain Tanya , Jafri Ali , Chen Zhiqin , Harland Richard M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSleep in animals plays roles that appear specific to the brain, including synaptic homeostasis [1], neurotransmitter regulation [2], cellular repair [3], memory consolidation [4], and neural plasticity [5,6]. Would any of these functions of sleep be relevant to an animal without a brain? The upside-down jellyfishCassiopea xamachana, like other cnidarians, lacks a centralized nervous system, yet the animal sleeps [7]. By tracking the propensity of the radially spaced ganglia to initiate muscle contractions over several days we determined how neural activity changes between sleep and wake in a decentralized nervous system. Ganglia-network sleep/ wake activity patterns range from being highly specialized to a few ganglia, to being completely unspecialized. Ganglia specialization also changes over time, indicating a high degree of plasticity in the neural network. The ganglia that lead activity can persist or switch between sleep/wake transitions, signifying a level of local control of the behavioral state in a decentralized nervous system. Following sleep deprivation, ganglia usage becomes far more sleep specialized, demonstrating reduced network plasticity. Together, these findings identify a novel behavioral control system that is decentralized and yet displays temporal specialization and centralization, and show a role for sleep in maintaining neural network plasticity, revealing a conserved function of sleep in this brain-less animal.
Protein interactome homeostasis through an N-recognin E3 ligase is a vulnerability in aneuploid cancer
Authors: Kathiresan Meena , Animesh Sambhavi , Morris Robert , Kreuzer Johannes , Patra Krushna C. , Shi Lei , Merritt Joshua , Yin Xunqin , Benes Cyril H. , Bardeesy Nabeel , Haas Wilhelm 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAneuploidy and resulting gene copy number alterations (CNAs) are important hallmarks of human cancers. Since CNAs are not associated with dosage compensation in mRNA expression, cancer cells with a high CNA burden must harbor mechanisms to mitigate proteotoxic stress resulting from stoichiometric imbalance and accumulation of unfolded proteins (1). Here, we show that aneuploid human cancer cells exhibit discordance between CNAs and protein levels due to compensation at the proteome level, mainly concerning multi-protein complexes. Moreover, we identify the N-recognin ubiquitin ligase UBR4 as a critical mediator of protein interactome homeostasis that is essential for viability, specifically in highly aneuploid cancersin vitroandin vivo. UBR4 prunes the proteome to ensure the balanced expression of protein complex members. Inactivation of UBR4 in highly aneuploid cancer cells causes a convergence of copy number and protein levels and induces proteotoxic stress pathways. UBR4 inhibition may present a broadly applicable therapeutic strategy for cancer and other diseases driven by aneuploidy.One-Sentence SummaryThe N-recognin ubiquitin ligase UBR4 as a critical mediator of protein interactome homeostasis that is essential for viability in aneuploid cancers.
Ribosomal dysregulation: A conserved pathophysiological mechanism in human depression and mouse chronic stress
Authors: Zhang Xiaolu , Eladawi Mahmoud Ali , Ryan William George , Fan Xiaoming , Prevoznik Stephen , Devale Trupti , Ramnani Barkha , Malathi Krishnamurthy , Sibille Etienne , Mccullumsmith Robert , Tomoda Toshifumi , Shukla Rammohan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe underlying biological mechanisms that contribute to the heterogeneity of major depressive disorder (MDD) presentation remain poorly understood, highlighting the need for a conceptual framework that can explain this variability and bridge the gap between animal models and clinical endpoints. Here, we hypothesize that comparative analysis of molecular data from different experimental systems of chronic stress and MDD has the potential to provide insight into these mechanisms and address this gap. Thus, we compared transcriptomic profiles of brain tissue from postmortem MDD subjects and from mice exposed to chronic variable stress (CVS) to identify orthologous genes. Ribosomal protein genes (RPGs) were downregulated, and associated RP-pseudogenes were upregulated in both conditions. Analysis across independent cohorts confirmed that this dysregulation was specific to the prefrontal cortex of both species. A seeded gene co-expression analysis using altered RPGs common between the MDD and CVS groups revealed that downregulated RPGs homeostatically regulated the synaptic changes in both groups through a RP-pseudogene-driven mechanism.In-vitroandin-silicoanalysis further demonstrated that the inverse RPG/RP-pseudogene association was a glucocorticoid-driven endocrine response to stress that was reversed during remission from MDD. This study provides the first evidence that ribosomal dysregulation during stress is a conserved phenotype in human MDD and CVS exposed mouse. Our results establish a foundation for the hypothesis that stress-induced alterations in RPGs and, consequently, ribosomes contribute to the synaptic dysregulation underlying MDD and chronic stress-related mood disorders. We discuss a ribosome-dependent mechanism for the variable presentations of depression and other mood disorders.Significance StatementThe presented study highlights the pressing need for a connection between animal models of depression and clinical endpoints. The lack of concordance between these two areas has hindered our understanding of MDD’s biological underpinnings. The study’s hypothesis that orthologous gene from experimental systems of chronic stress and MDD can bridge this gap is a major advance in this field. The study indicates that dysregulation of ribosomes in the synapse is a common feature in both human MDD and mice exposed to CVS. This dysregulation is a response to endocrine disturbances and is driven by mechanisms that involve pseudogenes. These findings support the hypothesis that stress-induced alterations in RPGs and, consequently, ribosomes may contribute to the variable presentations of depression.
Adsorption of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, SARS-CoV-2, and F+ bacteriophage MS2 RNA onto wastewater solids from raw wastewater
Authors: Roldan-Hernandez Laura , Boehm Alexandria B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite the wide adoption of wastewater surveillance, more research is needed to understand the fate and transport of viral genetic markers in wastewater. This information is essential for the interpretation of wastewater surveillance data and the development of mechanistic models that link wastewater measurements to the number of individuals shedding virus. In this study, we examined the solid-liquid partitioning behavior of four viruses in wastewater: SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (RV), and F+ coliphage/MS2. We used two approaches to achieve this: we (1) conducted laboratory partitioning experiments using lab-grown viruses and (2) examined the distribution of endogenous viruses in wastewater. Partition experiments were conducted at 4°C and 22°C; wastewater samples were spiked with varying concentrations of each virus and stored for three hours to allow the system to equilibrate. Solids and liquids were separated via centrifugation and viral RNA concentrations were quantified using reverse-transcription-digital droplet PCR (RT-ddPCR). For the distribution experiment, wastewater samples were collected from six wastewater treatment plants and processed without spiking exogenous viruses; viral RNA concentrations were measured in wastewater solids and liquid. Overall, RNA concentrations were higher in solids than the liquid fraction of wastewater by approximately 3–4 orders of magnitude. Partition coefficients (KF) from laboratory experiments were determined using the Freundlich model and ranged from 2,000–270,000 ml·g-1across viruses and temperature conditions. Distribution coefficients (Kd) determined from endogenous wastewater viruses were consistent with results from laboratory experiments.Further research is needed to understand how virus and wastewater characteristics might influence the partition of viral genetic markers in wastewater.SynopsisWe examined the solid-liquid partitioning behavior of SARS-CoV-2, RSV, RV, and F+coliphage/MS2 RNA in wastewater influent. Overall, partition/distribution coefficients were similar across viruses and temperature conditions.
Dimensional clinical phenotyping using post-mortem brain donor medical records: Association with neuropathology
Authors: Vogelgsang Jonathan S. , Dan Shu , Lally Anna P. , Chatigny Michael , Vempati Sangeetha , Abston Joshua , Durning Peter T. , Oakley Derek H. , McCoy Thomas H. , Klengel Torsten , Berretta Sabina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONTransdiagnostic dimensional phenotypes are essential to investigate the relationship between continuous symptom dimensions and pathological changes. This is a fundamental challenge to postmortem work, as assessment of newly developed phenotypic concepts needs to rely on existing records.METHODSWe adapted well-validated methodologies to compute NIMH research domain criteria (RDoC) scores using natural language processing (NLP) from electronic health records (EHRs) obtained from post-mortem brain donors and tested whether RDoC cognitive domain scores were associated with hallmark Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathological measures.RESULTSOur results confirm an association of EHR-derived cognitive scores with hallmark neuropathological findings. Notably, higher neuropathological load, particularly neuritic plaques, was associated with higher cognitive burden scores in the frontal (ß=0.38, p=0.0004), parietal (ß=0.35, p=0.0008), temporal (ß=0.37, p=0. 0004) and occipital (ß=0.37, p=0.0003) lobes.DISCUSSIONThis proof of concept study supports the validity of NLP-based methodologies to obtain quantitative measures of RDoC clinical domains from postmortem EHR.