bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Race on Utilization and Outcomes in Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Zareef Usman , Paul Ryan W. , Sudah Suleiman Y. , Erickson Brandon J. , Menendez Mariano E. 
Published: June 2023

Background:Studies have shown that utilization and outcomes after shoulder arthroplasty vary by sociodemographic factors, highlighting disparities in care. This systematic review synthesized all available literature regarding the relationship between utilization and outcomes of shoulder arthroplasty and race/ethnicity.Methods:Studies were identified using PubMed, MEDLINE (through Ovid), and CINAHL databases. All English language studies of Level I through IV evidence that specifically evaluated utilization and/or outcomes of hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, or reverse shoulder arthroplasty by race and/or ethnicity were included. Outcomes of interest included rates of utilization, readmission, reoperation, revision, and complications.Results:Twenty-eight studies met inclusion criteria. Since the 1990s, Black and Hispanic patients have demonstrated a lower utilization rate of shoulder arthroplasty compared with White patients. Although utilization has increased among all racial groups throughout the present decade, the rate of increase is greater for White patients. These differences persist in both low-volume and high-volume centers and are independent of insurance status. Compared with White patients, Black patients have a longer postoperative length of stay after shoulder arthroplasty, worse preoperative and postoperative range of motion, a higher likelihood of 90-day emergency department visits, and a higher rate of postoperative complications including venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, acute renal failure, and sepsis. Patient-reported outcomes, including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon's score, did not differ between Black and White patients. Hispanics had a significantly lower revision risk compared with White patients. One-year mortality did not differ significantly between Asians, Black patients, White patients, and Hispanics.Conclusion:Shoulder arthroplasty utilization and outcomes vary by race and ethnicity. These differences may be partly due to patient factors such as cultural beliefs, preoperative pathology, and access to care, as well as provider factors such as cultural competence and knowledge of health care disparities.Level of Evidence:Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Monitoring of legal regulation of award relations in the Russian regions. Part 2
Authors: Kabanov P. A. 
Published: June 2023

Objective: to assess the state of legal regulation of award relations in theRussian Federation subjects and to develop measures for its systematization and improvement.Methods: the main methods of the conducted research are general scientific methods of cognition: analysis, synthesis, comparison, extrapolation, and specific-legal methods of cognition of award relations based on them, used in the Russian theory of law and the state.Results: an analysis of more than 500 regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation has shown that in some regions special laws were adopted in addition to the existing comprehensive laws on awards, which regulate the establishment of regional parliamentary awards, as well as awards of regional state authorities; that in most of the Russian Federation subjects, state (republican, regional, district, municipal) awards are regulated outside the comprehensive award legislation, but within the framework of incentive law, by their own legislation on regional awards and/or by-laws of the regional state authorities; that in some Russian regions there are special laws establishing simultaneously not only state awards of the Russian Federation subject, but also state scholarships.The territorial scope of the study is limited to the Russian Federation as of September 30, 2022, before the Donetsk People’s Republic, Luhansk People’s Republic, Zaporozhye and Kherson regions, which established their regional awards, became part of it. The time frames of the monitoring study are limited to the period from 1991 to February 10, 2023.Scientific novelty: for the first time in Russian legal science, a monitoring study of the award law of all subjects of the Russian Federation was conducted, which allows assessing the quality of legal regulation of award relations in the Russian regions and, if necessary, improving the system of regional awards and other incentives for positive lawful behavior.Practical significance: the results obtained can be used in the law-making activities of state authorities of the Russian Federation subjects in improving regional award legislation, establishing official regional awards and systematizing the legal regulation of award relations. The conclusions of the conducted research enable to eliminate contradictions between the norms of award law and the norms of other regulatory legal acts.
Typology of organizations in the aspect of corruption counteraction in the Russian Federation
Authors: Damm I. A. , Kostrykina V. V. 
Published: June 2023

Objective: to perform typologization of organizations in the aspect of counteracting corruption based on generalization of approaches to understanding organizations and highlighting their types in the system of scientific knowledge.Methods: general scientific method of dialectical cognition, as well as a number of specific scientific methods, such as legal, systemic-structural, formal-logical, etc.Results: a significant obstacle in building a system of corruption counteraction in organizations is the lack of fundamental intersectoral scientific research ranking organizations depending on the degree of influence of their activities on national security. The typologization of organizations in the aspect of corruption counteraction is of great methodological importance, since it allows establishing the basic scientific and practical approaches to ensuring anti-corruption activities, depending on the degree of corruption-related danger of such organizations. Generalization of approaches to the understanding of organizations and the identification of their varieties allowed establishing the dominance of civil law in the knowledge of organizations. At the same time, the classifications of organizations used in this branch of law do not enable to achieve the goal of this study. In this regard, within the framework of this work, the need for interdisciplinary scientific knowledge of the essential characteristics of organizations is actualized, the identification of signs for the typologization of organizations is problematized, and a working typology of organizations in the aspect of combating corruption is proposed. The further scientific cognition of corruption manifestations and mechanisms of their reproduction in the activities of various types of organizations will make it possible to reveal the reserves of anti-corruption activities and provide a systematic multilevel approach in their implementation.Scientific novelty: the paper substantiates the need for typologization of organizations in interconnection with the influence of their corruptiogenity on the security of society and the state to build a multilevel system of counteracting corruption in organizations of various types.Practical significance: the research results can be used in determining the directions for improving state policy in the field of corruption counteraction, as well as anticorruption activity of organizations.
Monitoring UAV Status and Detecting Insulation Defects in Transmission Lines with a New Hybrid Classifier based on the Type-2 Fuzzy and Neural Networks
Authors: Amiri Mohammad Hussein , Pourgholi Mahdi , Hashjin Nastaran Mehrabi , Ardakani Mohammadreza Kamali 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Monitoring the condition of the transmission lines maintains the health of the power system, prevents unwanted outages, and reduces the costs of repairs and maintenance. This study aims to present a method for monitoring the UAV status and detecting insulation defects in transmission lines with a new hybrid classifier based on the type-2 fuzzy and neural networks. To this aim, the data are preprocessed and balanced, along with the mapping feature vector. Then, two new classifiers are proposed for the image and numerical datasets. The proposed hybrid structure for numerical data contains a Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) optimized with Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm, and Deep Neural Network (DNN). For image data, the proposed structure is considered as a combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for feature extraction and three class perceptron classifiers with a hidden layer, SVM optimized with GWO algorithm, and DNN. Finally, the output of the three classifiers enters the Interval Type-2 Mamdani Fuzzy Logic system (IT2FLS) optimized with the Chaos Game Optimization (CGO) algorithm to determine the final state in order to monitor the UAV status and detect the insulation defects. To verify the validity the above-mentioned structure, it is implemented in the MATLAB environment and a laboratory setup is prepared to receive information from the Internet and display the status on the user's mobile phone. The results of the hybrid classifier are compared with those of the previous study. In addition, the classifier proposed for other applications is assessed with two test datasets from the UCI Machine Learning repository to check the generalizability. Based on the results, the proposed hybrid classifier exhibits more accuracy than the other conventional ones.
Estimating the Oceanic Kinetic Energy Cascade from Along-Track Altimetry
Authors: Schubert René , Vergara Oscar , Gula Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The oceanic kinetic energy cascade, the flux of kinetic energy between currents of different horizontal scales, shapes the structure of the global ocean circulation and associated heat, salt, nutrient, and oxygen fluxes. Here, we show with two numerical ocean simulations that the surface geostrophic cascade can be estimated from satellite altimetry observations and present for the first time its regional distribution and seasonal cycle at scales of 40 to 150 km for large parts of the global ocean on the basis of observations. The time-mean cascade is inverse (towards larger scales), strongest in large-scale current systems and decreases with distance from these systems. In the open ocean, the inverse cascade is associated with a maximum in late winter at the smallest scales studied, which transitions to scales larger than 100 km within two to three months, consistent with the widespread absorption of mixed-layer eddies by mesoscale eddies in spring.
Research of the LQR algorithm with constraints based on preview control
Authors: Jin Yang , Ouyang Qi , Li Rui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This study proposes a lateral and longitudinal control strategy for intelligent vehicles based on the preview control theory and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) to enhance the trajectory tracking ability and stability. The two-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the vehicle and the road-vehicle error dynamic model is established, and the future road curvature is incorporated as a disturbance into the LQR state vector using the preview control theory. An augmented LQR problem is solved according to the optimal theory to obtain the analytical solution of the control quantity. This strategy also enhances the adaptive ability of the intelligent vehicle to extreme conditions by taking into account the dynamic constraints. The preview time is optimized using the simulated annealing algorithm to obtain the optimal preview time under different vehicle speeds and road friction coefficients. The stability of the closed-loop control system composed of the new algorithm is analyzed to verify its feasibility. Simulation results on the Carsim/Simulink joint platform demonstrate that it has excellent trajectory tracking ability, stability, and robustness to the vehicle speed. The proposed strategy has the potential to significantly advance the field of intelligent vehicle control and improve the safety and efficiency of transportation systems.
Leafhopper salivary vitellogenin mediates horizontal virus transmission to plant phloem
Authors: Wang Yanfei , Lu Chengcong , Guo Shude , Guo Yuxin , Wei Taiyun , Chen Qian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Salivary effectors of piercing-sucking insects can suppress plant defense to promote insect feeding, but it remains largely elusive that how they facilitate persistent plant virus transmission. Rice dwarf virus (RDV), an important rice reovirus, utilizes exosomes of the leafhopper vector, Nephotettix cincticeps, to release from salivary glands and enter the rice phloem for horizontal virus transmission. In this study, we report that the intact salivary vitellogenin (NcVg) of N. cincticeps associates with a small GTPase NcRab5 through interaction for release from salivary glands of leafhopper. When leafhoppers transmit RDV, NcVg is upregulated and packaged into exosomes mediated by the virus-induced NcRab5 in salivary glands, subsequently enters into the rice phloem. The released NcVg in rice phloem inherently suppresses H2O2 burst of rice plants by interacting with the rice glutathione S-transferase F12 (OsGSTF12), which catalyzes glutathione-dependent oxidation, thus facilitating leafhopper feeding. During viral transmission, virus-upregulated NcVg enhances suppression of H2O2 burst by improving the OsGSTF12 catalysis, promoting leafhopper feeding and viral transmission. We thus conclude that salivary NcVg mediates virus transmission from insect to plant phloem, via modulating insect resistance of plant hosts. Our findings provide the first evidence that viruses exploit insect exosomes to deliver virus-hijacked effectors, facilitating horizontal virus transmission.
Effect of Cement Production Processes on Dry Atmospheric Chemistry in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Ubuoh E. A. , Nwogu F.U , Ogbaji E.E , Kanu C. , Nwawuike N 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of cement production processes on dry atmospheric chemistry in Southern Nigeria. Sampling of CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, VOC, H2S, PM2.5, PM10 were taken from three sites at cement production process namely: milling site, quarrying site and loading bay. Results revealed that milling site had highest general levels of dry atmospheric chemistry while quarrying recorded highest particulate matter and SO2. Comparison of air pollutants to global environmental standards showed limits exceedances in CO, SO2, NO2, PM10 across the three sites. Pearson product moment correlation revealed flipped relationship among and between the pollutants. Principal component matrix for the three locations showed high positive and negative loadings of CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, VOC, H2S, PM2.5, PM10 existing in clusters from different sources. Monthly air quality index report implicated PM10 and SO2 as major constituents of hazardous and very unhealthy air quality around the area. Recommendation were made among others that the company should conduct an environmental auditing of all there processes so as to improve their environmental performance.
The potential of MIL-100(Fe) composites with CPO-27(Ni) and MIL-101(Cr) in adsorption applications
Authors: Elsayed Eman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials with remarkable properties such as huge surface area, pore size and volume, and changeable pore shape, resulting in extraordinary adsorption uptake. Nevertheless, some of the MOFs are only available on lab scale and prepared in complicated procedures which limit their applications. The properties can be further modified through the route of preparing composites.
This work aims to present a developed water-based technique to produce MIL-100(Fe) at atmospheric pressure and without hydrofluoric (HF) acid. Novel composites of MIL-100(Fe) with MIL-101(Cr) or CPO-27(Ni) were synthesized to benefit from the high-water vapour capacity at high and low relative pressure of MIL-101(Cr) and CPO-27(Ni), respectively.
The synthesized composites were fully characterized using XRD, TGA, FTIR, SEM and TEM, thermal conductivity, surface area and water vapour capacity.
Results showed that the synthesized MIL-101(Cr)/MIL-100(Fe) has improved water vapour capacity on the high relative pressure range while CPO-27(Ni)/MIL-100(Fe) has increased water vapour adsorption on the low relative pressure range. This implies that the new composites may be utilised to control MOF material performance and make it appropriate for a wider variety of applications. Also, the efficiency of the synthesized composites was numerically investigated and was in comparison to its parent MOFs and silica gel. The synthesized composites performance in a variety of adsorption applications including desalination with cooling effect cooling and storing energy showed improvement compared to the parent MIL-100(Fe).
An Improved Ant Colony Optimization to Developing Hilly Areas Tourism Path under Dynamic Objectives
Authors: damos Mohamed , Zhu Jun , Li Weilian , Elhabob Rashad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Tourism path planning is complex in hilly areas due to a variety of challenges including steep hills, narrow roads, and limited accessibility. Furthermore, when planning tourism paths, hilly areas frequently have distinctive natural potential that must be carefully taken into account such as dynamic objectives. Temperature, pressure, and health state are three of the most important dynamic objectives. In this paper, we proposed a dynamic objectives approach to developing tourism path planning in hilly areas. The main contribution of this approach was the improved Ant Colony Optimization algorithm ACO to establish a new multi-dynamic objectives approach and apply this approach in hilly areas. We have improved ACO by comparing construction tour and updating pheromone methods. This approach has been applied to develop tourist routes in Jebel Marra hilly in western Sudan. Our approach was compared with the genetic algorithm GA and the traditional ACO. Results show the advantage of our approach due to the optimizing time being 0.27 seconds, 0.45 seconds for GA, and 0.40 seconds for traditional ACO.
Informing social media analysis for public health: A cross-sectional survey of professionals
Authors: White Becky K , Wilhelm Elisabeth , Ishizumi Atsuyoshi , Abeyesekera Surangani , Pereira Alhassan , Yau Brian , Kuzmanovic Aleksandra , Nguyen Tim , Briand Sylvie , PURNAT Tina D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the field of infodemic management has grown in response to urgent global need. Social listening is the first step in managing the infodemic, and many organizations and health systems have implemented processes. Social media analysis tools have traditionally been developed for commercial purposes, rather than public health, and little is known of the experiences and needs of those professionals using them for infodemic management.
Methods
We developed a cross sectional survey and distributed through global infodemic management networks between December 2022 and February 2023. Questions were structured over four sections related to work-practice and user needs and did not collect any personal details from participants. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the study results. Qualitative analysis was used to categorise and understand answers to open-text questions.
Results
There were 417 participants, 162/417 who completed all survey questions, and 255/417 who completed some, all responses are included in analysis. Respondents came from all global regions and a variety of workplaces. Participants had an average of 4.4 years’ experience in the analysis of social media for public health. COVID-19 was the most common health issue people had conducted social media analysis for. Results reveal a range of training, technical capacity, and support needs of those working in social media analysis for public health.
Discussion
These results reveal gaps in training and a need to increase capacity building, and leadership for those working in this space. They also highlight gaps in technical and public health capability of social media analysis platforms. There is a need for easier access to better platforms with technical capacity developed with public health professionals.
Conclusion
This paper is the first we are aware of to seek and describe the needs of those using social media analysis platforms for public health purposes since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. There are key areas for future work and research, including addressing the training, capacity building and leadership needs of those working in this space, and the need to facilitate easier access to better platforms for performing social media analysis.
Solving Third Order Differential Equations and Related Physical Problems using Perturbed Basis of an Hybrid Block Method
Authors: SABASTINE EMMANUEL , Sathasivam Saratha , Ogunniran Muideen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Perturbed basis of a hybrid block method is a modification of the original basis functions, designed to improve the performance of the method when differential equations posses some special properties. It is an active area of research in numerical analysis. The perturbation approach of approximation aims to enhance both the accuracy and stability of the corresponding method. Block methods belong to a class of multi-step method where numerous previous function evaluations are used to compute the next function value. The commonly used basis function of block methods are the power series, linear combinations of orthogonal polynomials, while few of literature has considered exponential, logarithmic or rational functions. This paper contains an efficient hybrid block method whose basis was sought from a slightly perturbed power series function. The perturbation was supported with a member of the Chebyshev orthogonal polynomial. The perturbed basis approach is a way to improve on the accuracy and stability of the block method without having to resort to a more complex method. The qualitative analysis of the method was carried out and was proven to be consistent, stable and convergent. The quantitative analysis of the methods through the numerical examples considered proves the method exhibits superior strength over existing methods in literature.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020). 65R05; 65L02
University Chatbot System using NLP
Authors: Verma Abhigya , Kaur Sukhmani , Khatri Pragya , . Sristi , Kuntala Chandana , Mohapatra A K , Singhal Shweta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Chatbots are programmed software that can reply to human queries in real-time and their requirement and need in today’s world is endless. They are made for a variety of uses, including operating electrical equipment in a smart home, serving as a personal virtual assistant, providing entertainment, responding to commonly asked queries, obtaining driving directions, etc. Due to their ability to manage several customers at once and help cut down on customer care costs, chatbots have gained popularity in the corporate sector. To make the chatbots as effective as possible, numerous activities still need to be completed. We designed a college FAQ chatbot to address this issue in the academic environment. This chatbot uses Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to answer questions about a particular institution in an effective and precise manner.