bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Indices for Operational Considerations of Coastal Hydraulic Structures
Authors: Teegavarapu Ramesh S. V. , Kumar Rahul , Sharma Priyank J. , Dessalgne Tibebe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Multipurpose hydraulic structure operations in coastal regions and inland are severely impacted during high stages (water levels) combined with or without local precipitation extremes. Operational and discharge capabilities of the coastal structures are sometimes adversely affected by high upstream stage and downstream sea levels influencing the tailwater conditions. There have been many improvements in assessing canal structures concerning structural safety or hydraulic efficiency; however, operators have limited tools for decision-making and assessment during severe events. In this study, extreme (headwater and tailwater) stages and precipitation datasets were evaluated in a dependency analysis (DA), and furthermore, several indices were proposed and developed to assess the operative capabilities of the structures. The proposed indices assess the vulnerability, resilience, catchment response, and level of service (LOS) of the coastal structures at extreme stages linked to precipitation events. The developed indices can help evaluate the extreme stage levels based on any threshold stage level of interest, such as canal bank elevations, bypass elevation, or top-of-high operating levels. The methodology was applied to nine coastal hydraulic structures in Southern Florida, USA. Results point to advantages of DA and indices-based assessments that can lead to improved operations of coastal and inland hydraulic structures under extreme hydrometeorological conditions.
Free sugars intake and dental caries status among preschool children in Sri Lanka: investigating the relative balance between free sugars and fluoride toothpaste
Authors: Mututanthri Shanika , Thoradeniya Tharanga , Harris Rebecca 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: In order to implement WHO sugar guidelines into policy in Sri Lanka, it is necessary to consider its context as a developing country with high levels of dental caries at all ages, where fluoridated toothpaste is widely available as the only mode of fluoride administration. Therefore, this study aims to identify a level of free sugars intake associated with a minimum caries risk in deciduous dentition, balancing the effect of fluoride toothpaste by investigating the relationship between the amount and frequency of free sugars intake and dental caries status quantitatively among preschool children in Sri Lanka.
Methods: Using probability proportionate to size technique and cluster sampling, 813 children aged 04-05 years were selected from preschools in the Colombo district, Sri Lanka. A 67-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire was developed and validated to evaluate free sugars intake. Dental caries was assessed using decayed, missing and filled teeth index. For the selection of cut-off values for free sugars intake levels, Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were used.
Results: The median (IQR) amount of free sugars intake was 57.9 (33.2 -95.8) g/day or21.1% (12.5%-35.9%) of total energy requirement, with a frequency of 4.0 (2.7-6.1) times/day. Dental caries prevalence was 42.9% (n=349). Among other possible risk and protective factors, free sugars intake as a percentage of total energy requirement (p<0.001) and frequency of free sugars intake (p<0.001) were significantly associated with dental caries. Whether or not twice daily toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste was undertaken had low sensitivity in predicting caries after sugar intake was taken into account. The percentage of free sugars that discriminates against a maximum number of children with dental caries (99%) was determined as 4%, of the total energy requirement of a child, which is approximately 12g/day (3 level teaspoons/day). One time per day should be the maximum frequency.
Conclusion: Sri Lankan preschool children had high levels of dental caries, associated with free sugars intake that exceeded current recommended thresholds.
Class Identity, Social Network, and Multidimensional Information Poverty of the Elderly People in China
Authors: Jiang WeiGuo , Tang ShuDi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Information poverty affects the social integration and quality of life of the elderly people, and restricts the promotion of policies to actively respond to population ageing. Based on the Chinese General Social Survey 2017, this study used the binary logistic model for the empirical analysis of the impact of class identity, social network, and their interactions on the multidimensional information poverty of elderly people. Class identity intrinsically and positively affects information medium poverty, information acquisition poverty, and information use poverty of elderly people. Social networks as an external factor to promote the elderly people to escape from information cognition poverty, information medium poverty and information use poverty. Middle-aged and elderly women more likely exhibit poverty in information acquisition and use. However, the incidence of multidimensional information poverty is low in healthy elderly people. The increase of family income and the expansion of family size can inhibit the elderly information medium poverty; the better the family economic status, the more frequently the elderly people would use information. Class identity and social network have a substitutive effect on information cognition poverty of the elderly people and a complementary effect on information medium and use poverty in them. Class identity is the key factor affecting the information medium and use poverty of the rural elderly people, and social network has a more significant role in eliminating the information medium and use poverty of the urban elderly people. Measures such as improving the social elderly care service system will help the elderly people get rid of multi-dimensional information poverty and improve their quality of life.
Description of chest pain patients in the Emergency Department of a central hospital in Ajman
Authors: Fouda Ghada , Vallabh Kamil , Elbahrawi Magda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Chest pain accounts for 8 million visits to the Emergency Department annually, which contributes to 5% to 10% of all ED visits. A recent study performed in the USA revealed that between 2% and 5% of acute coronary syndrome patients visiting the emergency department were missed without being diagnosed correctly. Study design: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we analyzed the database in the SKGH emergency department for all patients presenting with chest pain between November 2017 and October 2019 using the SPSS program. Analysis included demographics: age, sex, country of origin, mode of arrival. Medical data: vital signs, triage grade, pain scale, seen within 72 hours or not, discharged within 7 days or not, final diagnosis and predisposition. The final diagnosis was differentiated into nonspecific chest pain, musculoskeletal chest pain, abdominal pain, anxiety, GERD, gastritis, stable angina, respiratory tract infections (upper and lower), aortic dissection, pneumothorax and pulmonary embolism. The exclusion criteria were as follows: patients less than 18 years old and 200 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Results: The mean age of the studied population was 49.22± 12.65 years, most of the studied population was male, the male to female ratio was 2:1, and the mode of transport was mainly walking (94, 47%), private vehicles (50, 25%) and by ambulance (31, 15.5%). The majority of patients were given triage 3 (moderate pain severity) 156 (78%), and the mean heart rate was 87.56 ± 17.97. In the 200 study population, 103 were diagnosed with nonspecific chest pain (103, 51.5%), and 27 (13.5%) were diagnosed with musculoskeletal chest pain. We found that 26 patients (13%) suffered from acute myocardial infarction (18 STEMI and 8 NSTEMI). Regarding the 18 patients with STEMI, 15 (83.3%) were males, 3 (16.7%) were females, 12 were sent for PCI, and 6 were sent for thrombolysis. There were 40 (65%) admitted patients with different diagnoses. Identifying patients with chest pain who have acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presents a challenge to ED physicians.
Habitat connectivity of three threatened ungulate species in the high plains native savanna of northern South America
Authors: Guerra Federico Mosquera , Barreto Sebastian , Moreno-Niño Nathalia , González-Delgado Tania Marisol , Armenteras-Pascual Dolors 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The high plains native savanna landscape (HPNSL) northeast of the Orinoco River is the habitat of 50% of the wild ungulate species (WUS) reported for Colombia. Over the last 20 years, this high species diversity has been strongly threatened by the accelerated human transformation of the natural land cover causing connectivity loss of the habitats. Despite this situation, the region lacks a biological connectivity analysis with a multi-species approach involving species groups that are representative of the savanna ecosystem such as the WUS. Understanding the spatial distributions of suitable habitats and the main habitats that act as primary habitats for ungulate focal species (UFS) in these landscapes is fundamental for the design of effective conservation strategies. Here, we use an occurrence dataset for Tapirus terrestris, Odocoileus virginianus, and Tayassu pecari in the development of species' potential distribution models, the binarization process, and morphological spatial pattern analysis. This information was used for the modelling of dispersal corridors connecting the core habitats of the UFS using the randomized shortest path algorithm and quantifying the weighted global connectivity metrics. Our results suggest an integral corridor with potential least-cost dispersal routes between the HPNSL on the middle and lower-middle basins of the savanna rivers and, to a lesser extent, the lower basin of the Meta River. These areas associated with the fluvial dendritic systems are connected, while the core habitats in the eastern part of the savanna landscape are largely disconnected. We discuss how the application of such knowledge on the spatial ecology of ungulate species might improve management of the metapopulations in the Colombian HPNSL.
Biomimetic Mineralized Keratin Scaffold Fabricated by Rapid Electrodeposition for Potential Bone Regeneration
Authors: Qin Daen , Li Ruipeng , Song Kaili , Yu Zhicheng , Dong Aixue 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background, the context and purpose of the study:
For bone regeneration, rapid mineralization is of particular importance in the preparation of biomimetic bone scaffolds, as for avoiding the drawbacks of prolonged mineralization which will resulted the loss of growth factors and degradation. Thus, In this research, we developed a relatively rapid mineralization approach for constructing biomimetic keratin scaffold that exhibited highly interconnected pore and natural bone mimetic calcium phosphate coating by applying an electrodeposition technique. Mineralized keratin scaffold was obtained by freeze drying followed by electrodeposition for rapid biomimetic mineralization.
Findings, the main results:
The mineral coating morphology, component, crystal structure could be controllably tailored by manipulating the deposition electrode, voltage and duration. A satisfying coating of apatite layer on keratin scaffold could be obtained within a couple of hours by electrodeposition. By increase the voltage and duration, a more favored amounts of apatite coating which dominated by HA crystal could be formed. In addition, cell regeneration assay showed that mineralized biomimetic keratin scaffold exhibited more suitable supporting platform for the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3 cell over pure keratin scaffold.
Conclusions, brief summary and potential implications:
the rapid electrodeposition mineralization approach presented in this work could be highly desired for fabricating biomimetic scaffold in which biological molecules were loaded for functional bone tissue engineering applications.
Smart K Nearest Neighbor Outlier Detection for Electroencephalogram signal
Authors: Abid Aymen , khediri salim , Thajaoui Adel , Sherali Zeadally , Miladi Moahmed , Kachouri Abdennaceur 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) data suffer from artifacts such as poor imagination or loss of concen-tration during the recognition process. The negative impact of artifacts on the quality of informationand EEG signal analysis reduces the Quality of Service "QoS" and Quality of Information "QoI" ine-health applications. This negative impact can be avoided by identifying outliers with anomaly detec-tion algorithms. Aberrant values’ identification using Euclidean distance for the K Nearest Neighbor(KNN) process between the recorded EEG values separates the time series data recorded by a personinto neural activity and artifact. The algorithms using KNN often require knowledge of the data char-acteristics to configure one or more parameters (such as the number of neighbors K and distance D). However, our proposed solution does not require the initial setting of KNN process or any additional parameters.
We propose a Smart KNN Outlier Detector (SKOD) which is an unsupervised non-parametric algo-rithm. We evaluated SKOD using various combinations of real EEG data of 140 trials with three channels of the benchmark Brain-Computer Interface "BCI competition II". We tested the perfor-mance of our solution on EEG data as provided by the studied patient (the subject) with the inclusionof different numbers of outliers. Our proposed detector achieves more than 60% of sensitivity andspecificity for detecting abnormal values with outlier detection close to 100%.
A chalcone-based fluorescence probe for H2S detecting utilizing ESIPT coupled ICT mechanism
Authors: Zhang Xiaochun , Weng Xingshang , Yang Zongmei , Zhao Peng , Chen Weijian , Wu Zhengxu , Zhuang Xuewen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The accurate and effective identification of hydrogen sulfide holds great significance for environmental monitoring. Azide-binding fluorescent probes are powerful tools for hydrogen sulfide detection. We combined the 2'-Hydroxychalcone scaffold with azide moiety to construct probe Chal-N3, the electron-withdrawing azide moiety was utilized to block the ESIPT process of 2'-Hydroxychalcone and quenches the fluorescence. The fluorescent probe was triggered with the addition of hydrogen sulfide, accompanied by great fluorescence intensity enhancement with a large Stokes shift. With excellent fluorescence properties including high sensitivity, specificity selectivity, and wider pH range tolerance, the probe was successfully applied to natural water samples.
Hybrid Immunization In COVID-19: Time Matters
Authors: Prada Laura Sánchez-de , Martínez-García Ana María , González-Fernández Belén , Gutiérrez-Ballesteros Javier , Rojo-Rello Silvia , Garcinuño-Pérez Sonsoles , Álvaro-Meca Alejandro , de Lejarazu Raúl Ortiz , Sanz-Muñoz Iván , Eiros José María 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: SARS-CoV-2 reinfections have been frequent, even among those vaccinated. The aim of this study is to know if hybrid immunity (infection+vaccination) is affected by the moment of vaccination and the number of doses received.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 745 patients with a history of COVID-19 reinfection and recovered the dates of infection and reinfection and vaccination status (date and number of doses). To assess differences in the time to reinfection(tRI) between unvaccinated, vaccinated before 6 months and later, and comparing one, two or three doses(incomplete, complete and booster regime) we performed the log-rank test of the cumulative incidence calculated as 1 minus the Kaplan-Meier estimator.
Results: The tRI was significantly higher in those vaccinated vs. non-vaccinated (q<0.001). However, an early incomplete regime(1 dose) protects similar time than not receiving a vaccine. Vaccination before 6 months after infection showed a lower tRI compared to those vaccinated later with the same regime(q<0.001). Actually, early vaccination with complete(2 doses) and booster regimes(3 doses) provided lower length of protection compared to vaccinating later with incomplete(1 dose) and complete regime(2 doses), respectively. Vaccination with complete and booster regimes significantly increases the tRI(q<0.001).
Conclusion: Vaccination increases the time it takes for a person to become reinfected with SARS-CoV-2. Increasing the time from infection to vaccination increases the time in which a person could be reinfected. Booster doses increase the time to reinfection. Those results emphasize the role of vaccines and boosters during the pandemic and can guide strategies on future vaccination policy.
Investigating the effect of vegetation cover management in a semi-arid experimental watershed
Authors: Eshghizadeh Masoud , Moosavi Vahid 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This research investigated the effect of long-term excluding livestock as a measure of vegetation cover management in the Kakhk experimental watershed in northeast Iran. For this purpose, the normalized difference in vegetation index was investigated in two grazed and ungrazed sub-catchments from 1991 to 1995 and 2015 to 2019. The results of statistical comparisons showed only in the ungrazed sub-catchment, the mean values of the NDVI in the second period are significantly higher than in the first period. Based on the results, the mean NDVI in the ungrazed sub-catchment has increased from 0.103 in the first period to 0.163 in the second period, whereas, in the grazed sub-catchment it has decreased from 0.152 in the first period to 0.139 in the second period. The survey of temperature data and NDVI showed the growth period of plants in the second period started faster due to higher temperatures in March and April. The results demonstrated the ability of remote sensing to investigate the effects of exclosure to rehabilitate and restore the vegetation cover in watershed management. Also, the results showed the possibility of long-term use of the rangeland without vegetation destruction if the grazing period is managed. Therefore, grazing in the long-term cannot decrease the vegetation cover by correct grazing management. Therefore, the long-term exclosure will not be significant without the application of vegetation restoration methods in watershed management. Also, remote sensing images are capable to investigate the effects of biological measures in watershed management projects.
Metagenomic domain substitution for the high-throughput modification of non-ribosomal peptide analogues
Authors: Messenger Sarah , McGuinniety Edward , Stevenson Luke , Owen Jeremy , Challis Gregory , Ackerley David , Calcott Mark 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Non-ribosomal peptides are a diverse and medically important group of natural products. They are biosynthesised by modular non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) assembly-lines in which domains from each module act in concert to incorporate a specific amino acid into a peptide. This modular biosynthesis has driven efforts to generate new peptide analogues by substituting amino acid specifying domains. Rational NRPS engineering has increasingly focused on using evolutionarily favoured recombination sites for domain substitution. Here, we present an alternative approach inspired by evolution, which involves large-scale diversification and screening. By adopting a metagenomic approach of amplifying amino acid specifying domains from metagenomic DNA derived from soil, we were able to substitute over 1,000 unique domains into a pyoverdine NRPS. To identify functional domain substitutions, we employed fluorescence and mass spectrometry screening techniques, followed by sequencing. This comprehensive screening process successfully identified more than 100 functional domain substitutions, resulting in the production of 16 distinct pyoverdines as major products. The significance of this metagenomic approach lies in its ability to shift the focus of engineering non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis. Instead of relying on a high success rate of individual domain substitution, we have developed effective methods that enable the exploration of a broader range of substitutions. This opens new possibilities for the discovery and production of novel non-ribosomal peptides with diverse biological activities.
AI-based prediction models for non-recognizable thoracolumbar compression fractures by X-ray inspection
Authors: Liu Yi , Cui Jianhua , Liu Sibin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective:The study evaluated the application value of an artificial intelligence-based classification model of vertebral fractures in lumbar X-ray images.
Methods: Patients who received lateral lumbar radiographs and MRI in our unit from 2021 to 2022 were retrospectively selected. According to the MRI results, the included vertebrae were divided into three categories: fresh fracture, cold fracture, and normal vertebrae. A ResNet-18 classification model was constructed using delineated ROIs on the MRI images and the performance of the model was evaluated.
Results: A total of 662 vertebrae from 272 patients were included in the study. The vertebrae were randomly divided into a training set (N=529) and an independent validation set (N=133). The performance of the model in discerning normal vertebrae, recent fractures, and chronic fractures was evaluated, showing accuracies of 0.91%, 0.42%, and 0.75%, respectively. The sensitivity measurements for these categories were 0.91%, 0.408%, and 0.72%, while the specificities were 0.796%, 0.892%, and 0.796%, respectively.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility of applying artificial intelligence to develop a tripartite classification model for lumbar X-ray images; however, additional refinements are required to enhance its efficacy..
A novel anoikis-related prognostic signature associated with prognosis and immune infiltration landscape in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wu Zichun , Zhao Shimin , Zhu Zhengming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancy around the world. Anoikis is a special form of programmed cell death induced by the loss of cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) or improper cell adhesion. It plays an important role in body development, tissue homeostasis, disease occurrence and tumor metastasis. However, the latent impact of Anoikis on the prognosis of CRC patients is insufficient understood.
Method
Anoikis related genes (ANRGs) integrated from Genecards and Harmonizome portals were used to identify CRC subtypes and to construct a prognostic model for CRC patients. Then, we explored the immune microenvironment and enrichment pathways between different subtypes. Univariate cox and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) analysis were applied to build the ANRGs signature. The prognostic effect of the ANRGs signature was further evaluated. A series of algorithms were used to estimate the difference of the immune microenvironment the low-risk and high-risk group. The correlation between drug sensitivity and ANRGs signature was also analyzed.
Results
We identified 45 survival-related CRC anoikis related DEGs, 9 genes were selected to construct prognostic models. The prognostic risk score was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Functional analysis showed that high and low risk groups had different immune status and drug sensitivity. Risk scores were combined with CRC clinicopathological features together to construct a nomogram.
Conclusion
The developed ANRGs signature could act as the biomarker and provide a momentous reference for Individual therapy of CRC patients.