bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A joint Roman Space Telescope and Rubin Observatory synthetic wide-field imaging survey
Authors: Troxel M A , Lin C , Park A , Hirata C , Mandelbaum R , Jarvis M , Choi A , Givans J , Higgins M , Sanchez B , Yamamoto M , Awan H , Chiang J , Doré O , Walter C W , Zhang T , Cohen-Tanugi J , Gawiser E , Hearin A , Heitmann K , Ishak M , Kovacs E , Mao Y-Y , Wood-Vasey M ,   the LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration, Becker Matt , Meyers Josh , Melchior Peter 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
We present and validate 20 deg2 of overlapping synthetic imaging surveys representing the full depth of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope High-Latitude Imaging Survey (HLIS) and 5 yr of observations of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). The two synthetic surveys are summarized, with reference to the existing 300 deg2 of LSST simulated imaging produced as part of Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC) Data Challenge 2 (DC2). Both synthetic surveys observe the same simulated DESC DC2 universe. For the synthetic Roman survey, we simulate for the first time fully chromatic images along with the detailed physics of the Sensor Chip Assemblies derived from lab measurements using the flight detectors. The simulated imaging and resulting pixel-level measurements of photometric properties of objects span a wavelength range of ∼0.3–2.0 μm. We also describe updates to the Roman simulation pipeline, changes in how astrophysical objects are simulated relative to the original DC2 simulations, and the resulting simulated Roman data products. We use these simulations to explore the relative fraction of unrecognized blends in LSST images, finding that 20–30 per cent of objects identified in LSST images with i-band magnitudes brighter than 25 can be identified as multiple objects in Roman images. These simulations provide a unique testing ground for the development and validation of joint pixel-level analysis techniques of ground- and space-based imaging data sets in the second half of the 2020s – in particular the case of joint Roman–LSST analyses.
Planet engulfment detections are rare according to observations and stellar modelling
Authors: Behmard Aida , Dai Fei , Brewer John M , Berger Travis A , Howard Andrew W 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Dynamical evolution within planetary systems can cause planets to be engulfed by their host stars. Following engulfment, the stellar photosphere abundance pattern will reflect accretion of rocky material from planets. Multistar systems are excellent environments to search for such abundance trends because stellar companions form from the same natal gas cloud and are thus expected to share primordial chemical compositions to within 0.03–0.05 dex. Abundance measurements have occasionally yielded rocky enhancements, but a few observations targeted known planetary systems. To address this gap, we carried out a Keck-HIRES survey of 36 multistar systems, where at least one star is a known planet host. We found that only HAT-P-4 exhibits an abundance pattern suggestive of engulfment but is more likely primordial based on its large projected separation (30 000 ± 140 au) that exceeds typical turbulence scales in molecular clouds. To understand the lack of engulfment detections among our systems, we quantified the strength and duration of refractory enrichments in stellar photospheres using mesa stellar models. We found that observable signatures from 10 M⊕ engulfment events last for ∼90 Myr in 1 M⊙ stars. Signatures are largest and longest lived for 1.1–1.2 M⊙ stars, but are no longer observable ∼2 Gyr post-engulfment. This indicates that engulfment will rarely be detected in systems that are several Gyr old.
White Storks nest at high densities near landfills changing stork nesting distributions in the last four decades in Central Spain
Authors: López-García Alejandro , Aguirre José I 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHuman-induced environmental changes are the main drivers of the ongoing redistribution of biodiversity. The millions of tons of organic waste that is added daily to landfills can increase the carrying capacity of ecological systems with direct effects on species’ population sizes and/or distributions. Understanding the effect of landfills on bird distribution is essential to assess management decisions. Our aim was to determine the role of landfills in the distribution of the breeding population of White Storks (Ciconia ciconia) in the last 4 decades. For that purpose, we used historical and current census data of breeding pairs before and after landfill exploitation. In this study, we found that landfills have altered the distribution of the breeding population over the last 4 decades in the province of Madrid, Spain. We found that birds occupied new nesting sites near landfills independently of habitat quality as defined by prey abundance and quality according to the previous studies. Nest density was higher near landfills and increased after the landfills began to be utilized by this species. Population growth and extremely high breeding densities may translate into conflicts with humans, particularly when new nesting sites are in urban areas, and possibly alter the perception of this bird species by the human population. Landfill closures, mandated by the European Landfill legislation, are an opportunity to reduce the effects of landfills on animal populations, and reduce human–wildlife conflicts. However, there must be a process of transition and a preliminary evaluation of habitat quality and suitability in the region to avoid a dramatic decline of the White Stork population.
Zygote structure enables pluripotent shape-transforming deployable structure
Authors: Lee Yu-Ki , Hao Yue , Xi Zhonghua , Kim Woongbae , Park Youngmin , Cho Kyu-Jin , Lien Jyh-Ming , Choi In-Suk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We propose an algorithmic framework of a pluripotent structure evolving from a simple compact structure into diverse complex 3D structures for designing the shape-transformable, reconfigurable, and deployable structures and robots. Our algorithmic approach suggests a way of transforming a compact structure consisting of uniform building blocks into a large, desired 3D shape. Analogous to a fertilized egg cell that can grow into a preprogrammed shape according to coded information, compactly stacked panels named the zygote structure can evolve into arbitrary 3D structures by programming their connection path. Our stacking algorithm obtains this coded sequence by inversely stacking the voxelized surface of the desired structure into a tree. Applying the connection path obtained by the stacking algorithm, the compactly stacked panels named the zygote structure can be deployed into diverse large 3D structures. We conceptually demonstrated our pluripotent evolving structure by energy-releasing commercial spring hinges and thermally actuated shape memory alloy hinges, respectively. We also show that the proposed concept enables the fabrication of large structures in a significantly smaller workspace.
Increase in grain production potential of China under climate change
Authors: Liang Zhuoran , Sun Laixiang , Tian Zhan , Fischer Günther , Yan Huimin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The rapid growth of China's demand for grains is expected to continue in the coming decades, largely as a result of the increasing feed demand to produce protein-rich food. This leads to a great concern on future supply potentials of Chinese agriculture under climate change and the extent of China's dependence on world food markets. While the existing literature in both agronomy and climate economics indicates a dominance of the adverse impacts of climate change on rice, wheat, and maize yields, there is a lack of study to assess changes in multi-cropping opportunities induced by climate change. Multi-cropping benefits crop production by harvesting more than once per year from a given plot. To address this important gap, we established a procedure within the agro-ecological zones (AEZ) modeling framework to assess future spatial shifts of multi-cropping conditions. The assessment was based on an ensemble of five general circulation models under four representative concentration pathway scenarios in the phase five of coupled model inter-comparison project and accounted for the water scarcity constraints. The results show significant northward extensions of single-, double-, and triple-cropping zones in the future which would provide good opportunities for crop-rotation-based adaptation. The increasing multi-cropping opportunities would be able to boost the annual grain production potential by an average scale of 89(±49) Mt at the current irrigation efficiency and 143(±46) Mt at the modernized irrigation efficiency with improvement between the baseline (1981–2010) and the mid-21st century (2041–2070).
The Harrowing of Hell in English Poetry from Spenser to Milton
Authors: Adkins David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
By Spenser’s time, the doctrine of Christ’s literal descent to hell was controversial in the Church of England, and English harrowing poetry all but disappears in the following century. And yet we find a depiction of Christ’s descensus in Book 3 of Paradise Lost, as many critics have acknowledged. Why does the doctrine appear in a Puritan poem of the seventeenth century? This essay argues that the narrative tradition of Christ’s descent survived in the poetry of the seventeenth-century Spenserians. After introducing the Reformation controversy, the first section explores how Spenser and his followers—Giles and Phineas Fletcher, Aemilia Lanyer, and Joseph Beaumont—preserve the tradition, but also how they respond to contemporary theological debate. The second section examines, first, how mortalism offers Milton a theological rationale for a local descent (i.e., a literal visit to the place of the dead) in De Doctrina Christiana, and then how this theological recovery allows him to continue the tradition of harrowing poetry in Paradise Lost. The final section considers two additional poets and thinkers of the late seventeenth century, Henry More and Samuel Wesley, who attest to the doctrine’s imaginative power and hence offer insight into why it persisted long after it failed to meet the Reformation’s new standards of credibility.
TWEAK and Fn14 are overexpressed in immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy: implications for muscle damage and repair
Authors: Yang Mengge , Ge Huizhen , Ji Suqiong , Li Yue , Xu Li , Bi Zhuajin , Bu Bitao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its sole receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) are involved in various inflammatory conditions. This study was performed to investigate the potential role of TWEAK/Fn14 in immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM).

Methods
Muscle biopsies from patients with IMNM (n = 37) and controls (n = 11) were collected. Human muscle cells were treated with TWEAK in vitro. Muscle biopsies and cultured muscle cells were analysed by immunostaining and quantitative PCR. Serum levels of TWEAK and Fn14 were detected by ELISA.

Results
TWEAK and Fn14 were overexpressed in IMNM muscle biopsies. The percentage of Fn14-positive myofibers correlated with disease severity, myonecrosis, regeneration and inflammation infiltrates. Fn14-positive myofibers tended to be surrounded or invaded by CD68+ macrophages. TWEAK treatment had a harmful effect on cultured muscle cells by inducing the production of multiple chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Serum Fn14 levels were increased in patients with IMNM and correlated with muscle weakness.

Conclusions
TWEAK/Fn14 signalling was activated in IMNM, most likely aggravating muscle damage via amplifying inflammatory response and macrophages chemotaxis. Fn14 seems to be a biomarker for assessing disease severity in IMNM. In addition, Fn14 may also contribute to muscle injury repair.
Does Adult Spinal Deformity Affect Cardiac Function? A Prospective Perioperative Study
Authors: Mihara Yuki , Saitoh Takeji , Hasegawa Tomohiko , Yamato Yu , Yoshida Go , Banno Tomohiro , Arima Hideyuki , Oe Shin , Ide Koichiro , Yamada Tomohiro , Kurosu Kenta , Nakai Keiichi , Matsuyama Yukihiro 
Published: March 2023

Study Design.
Prospective comparative study.

Objective.
The objective of this study was to investigate perioperative cardiac function using echocardiography in patients undergoing surgery for the adult spinal deformity (ASD).

Summary of Background Data.
Corrective surgery for ASD has increased, especially in older persons. However, perioperative complication rates remain high in ASD surgery, including cardiopulmonary complications.

Materials and Methods.
This study included patients with ASD who underwent surgery between May 2016 and April 2018. A cardiologist performed all echocardiography imaging preoperatively and 2 weeks postoperatively. Left ventricular contractility was measured using left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and right ventricular contractility was measured using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity (S’). Spinopelvic radiographic parameters, the apices of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, and the inflection point where the vertebral curvature changes from kyphosis to lordosis were also measured. Differences between preoperative and postoperative measurements for continuous variables were analyzed using a paired Student t test. Differences in continuous and categorical variables between two independent groups were analyzed using an unpaired Student t test and Fisher exact test, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to detect influential factors.

Results.
Sixty-one patients were included [12 males and 49 females; average age, 64.0 (22–84) yr]. LVEF, TAPSE, and S’, respectively changed from 64.4%, 24.9 mm, and 14.3 cm/s to 65.4%, 25 mm, and 15 cm/s postoperatively with no significance. However, in LVEF<59.3% (average−1 SD), TAPSE<17 mm, and S’<11.8 cm/s cases, respectively, these increased significantly from 55.7%, 17.9 mm, and 10.5 cm/s to 60.9%, 21.4 mm, and 14.2 cm/s postoperatively (P=0.036, 0.029, and 0.022, respectively). The LVEF<59.3% group showed a significantly lower inflection point level (1.5 vs. 2.9) preoperatively (P=0.007). The S’<11.8 cm/s group showed significantly larger thoracic kyphosis (28.3° vs. 19.4°) preoperatively (P=0.013).

Conclusions.
Perioperative cardiac function did not deteriorate after surgery in patients with ASD. In those with lower cardiac function preoperatively, there were significant improvements noted postoperatively. The preoperative inflection point level was significantly lower in the lower LVEF group. Preoperative thoracic kyphosis was significantly larger in the lower tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity group.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of atrial fibrillation in hospitalized patients with coronary artery disease and hypertension: a cross-sectional study from 2008 to 2018
Authors: Xin Qian , Zhang Sijin , Wang Chi , Yao Siyu , Yun Cuijuan , Sun Yizhen , Hou Ziwei , Wang Miao , Zhao Maoxiang , Tian Lu , Li Yanjie , Feng Zekun , Xue Hao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
The clinical characteristics of patients with the comorbidities of hypertension and coronary artery disease (HT-CAD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of AF in patients with HT-CAD and clinical characteristics of patients with both HT-CAD and AF.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital in Beijing, China, and included 20,747 inpatients with HT-CAD with or without AF from August 2008 to July 2018. We examined the overall prevalence, clinical characteristics, comorbidity profiles, treatment patterns, and blood pressure (BP) control of patients with both HT-CAD and AF. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the associations of cardiovascular risk factors with AF in patients with HT-CAD.

Results:
The overall prevalence of AF in patients with HT-CAD was 4.87% (1011/20,747), and this increased with age; to be specific, the prevalence in women and men increased from 0.78% (2/255) and 1.02% (26/2561) at the age of <50 years to 8.73% (193/2210) and 10.28% (298/2900) at the age of ≥70 years, respectively. HT-CAD patients who had AF had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular-related comorbidities than those without AF. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age, gender (male), body mass index, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease were independently associated with the risk of AF in patients with HT-CAD. For those with both HT-CAD and AF, 73.49% (743/1011) had a CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥4, and only about half of them had the BP controlled at <140/90 mmHg, which indicated a high risk of thromboembolism and stroke. The use of oral anticoagulation increased during the study period (10.00% [20/200] in 2008 to 2011 vs. 30.06% [159/529] in 2015 to 2018, P < 0.01), but remained at a relatively low level.

Conclusions:
AF is highly prevalent among patients with HT-CAD. Patients with both HT-CAD and AF have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular-related comorbidities, low BP control rate, and low use of oral anticoagulation.
Tobramycin a Priori Dosing Regimens Based on PopPK Model Simulations in Critically Ill Patients: Are They Transferable?
Authors: Duong Alexandre , Simard Chantale , Williamson David , Marsot Amélie 
Published: March 2023

Background:
In recent years, multiple population pharmacokinetic models have been developed for drugs such as tobramycin that need therapeutic drug monitoring. Some of these models have been used to develop a priori dosing regimens for their respective populations. However, these dosing regimens may not apply to other populations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate tobramycin population pharmacokinetic models in critically ill patients and establish an adequate dosing regimen.

Methods:
Evaluated models were identified from a literature review of aminoglycoside population pharmacokinetic models in critically ill patients. After retrospective data collection in 2 Quebec hospitals, external evaluation and model re-estimation were performed with NONMEM (v7.5) to assess imprecision and bias values. Dosing regimens were simulated and compared between the best-performing model and its re-estimated counterparts.

Results:
None of the 3 evaluated models showed acceptable imprecision or bias values in the data sets of the 19 patients. Similar percentages of target attainment were obtained for the original and re-estimated models after the dosing regimen simulations.

Conclusion:
Although the predictive performance evaluation criteria were inadequate, the original and re-estimated models yielded similar results. This raises the question of what a priori bias and imprecision thresholds should be defined as acceptable for the external evaluation of models to be applied in clinical practice. Studies evaluating the impact of these thresholds are needed.
Decreased Hepatic Steatosis in South African Adolescents With Perinatal HIV Switching to Dolutegravir-containing Regimens
Authors: Rose Penelope C. , De la Rey Nel Etienne , Cotton Mark F. , Otwombe Kennedy , Browne Sara H. , Frigati Lisa J. , Rabie Helena , Innes Steve 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Although dolutegravir (DTG) has a favorable metabolic profile, it has been linked to excess weight gain. We evaluated changes in hepatic steatosis in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV switching to DTG-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods:
Virologically suppressed adolescents switched to dolutegravir for a minimum of 4 months or on unchanged ART (84% protease inhibitor) were assessed prospectively with anthropometry, transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and fasting metabolic profiles. ART regimens were determined independently of the study.

Results:
In total 68 adolescents [baseline median age 13.5 years [interquartile range (IQR): 12.5–14.4 years]; 42 (62%) female] were recruited. However, 38 remained on the same regimen and were followed for a median of 98 weeks (IQR: 48–108 weeks), and 30 switched to DTG and were followed for a median of 52 weeks (IQR: 49–101). There was no baseline difference in CAP between groups. There was no significant change in body mass index z-score in either group, but the median CAP in the DTG group decreased by −40dB/m (IQR: −51 to −31 dB/m) after a median of 44 weeks (IQR: 28–50 weeks) on DTG, compared to +1dB/m (IQR: −29 to +14 dB/m) in adolescents not switched (P < 0.01). Cholesterol and triglycerides were lower in those switched. Whereas hepatic steatosis prevalence decreased from 17% to 3% in adolescents who switched to dolutegravir, its prevalence doubled from 8% to 16% in those not switched (P = 0.1).

Conclusions:
In this exploratory study, adolescents switched to DTG-containing regimens had reduced hepatic steatosis, cholesterol and triglycerides with no excess weight gain compared to those on unchanged ART.
Factors Related to Multidimensional Frailty Among Hispanic People Living With HIV Aged 50 Years and Above: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Iriarte Evelyn , Cianelli Rosina , De Santis Joseph P. , Alamian Arsham , Castro Jose Guillermo , Matsuda Yui , Araya Alejandra-Ximena 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Among Hispanics, frailty has been extensively studied as a physical syndrome associated with an increased risk for adverse outcomes. Because of additional barriers to accessing care, the impact of frailty may be even more significant for people living with HIV (PLWH). Multidimensional frailty among Hispanic PLWH has not been studied. This study aimed to examine the factors related to multidimensional frailty among Hispanic PLWH aged 50 years and above. A cross-sectional design with 120 participants was used. Hypothesized factors related to multidimensional frailty were sociodemographic and psychosocial variables. Multidimensional frailty was measured with the Tilburg Frailty Indicator. We found that 45.83% of the participants were frail (n = 55), and multidimensional frailty was significantly associated with higher depressive symptoms (b = .26, p < .001) and a higher number of comorbidities (b = .71, p < .001). This study identified factors that clinicians should be aware of when caring for Hispanic PLWH to prevent or manage frailty-related complications.
A Turkish Study to Identify the Discharge Learning Needs of Spinal Surgery Patients
Authors: Boran Omer , Kose Gulsah 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the learning needs of spinal surgery patients before hospital discharge. METHODS: This cross-sectional study consisted of 117 spinal surgery patients admitted to the neurosurgery department between October 2019 and March 2020. Data were collected using a descriptive information form, visual analog scale, and the Patient Learning Needs Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 54 years, 54.7% were male, and 59% underwent surgery because of spinal disc herniation. The mean Patient Learning Needs Scale score was 188.74. The primary learning needs of the patients were related to the dimensions of activities of living, medication, treatment, and complications, whereas the feelings related to condition were the least-demanded dimension of learning needs. Sex and occupation were the primary factors influencing learning needs. CONCLUSION: The level of learning needs in spinal surgery patients was relatively high. Therefore, discharge education may be planned in line with the learning needs and priorities of these patients, and sex and occupation may be considered while planning discharge education.