bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It’s Not Written All Over My Face
Authors: Declercq Jana 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
Historically in medicine and beyond, the understanding of and treatment of pain is based on finding tissue injury. The fact that for chronic pain, there often is no (longer) any traceable tissue injury, in combination with the fact that pain essentially is a private experience, poses a challenge for clinical communication. This paper therefore examines how pain is linguistically and interactionally constructed as invisible.

Materials and Methods:
The qualitative approach of interactional sociolinguistic analysis is used to analyze 37 consultations and 11 semistructured interviews with patients with chronic pain, collected at a Belgian pain clinic. This fine-grained approach to studying communication provides an in-depth empirical understanding of the phenomenon under scrutiny.

Results:
The data show that pain is constructed as invisible on several levels: (1) on the biomechanical and clinical level, in terms of its lack of visible or traceable tissue injury, (2) on the level of interaction, as pain needs to be made apparent to other people through pain displays, and (3) on the social level, as chronic pain often is not visible or apparent in society more broadly.

Conclusion:
The discussion explores how on these 3 levels, notions of the abnormal or deviant body come into play, in which patients and health professionals complexly construct pain both as not normal (i.e., not a neutral or desirable state of being), whereas, at the same time, the lack of traceable tissue injury is constructed as medically normal for chronic pain. This also relates to how patients and health care providers often orient to the stigma around chronic pain.
Does Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Differ by Patient Demographics? An Evaluation of Perioperative Anesthetic Management – An Observational Study.
Authors: Goldson Kareem V. , Brennan Emily , Burton Brittany N. , Faloye Abimbola O. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Hanson Kristine T. , Warner David O. , Youssef Mohanad R. , Milam Adam J. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Disparities in postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and its prophylaxis may exist based on race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES). Our objective was to evaluate whether patients from racial and ethnic minority groups and patients from lower SES backgrounds received less appropriate PONV prophylaxis and experienced higher rates of PONV and post-discharge nausea and vomiting (PDNV).

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included 23,333 adults who underwent major surgeries (total knee arthroplasty, cholecystectomy, hysterectomy, and prostatectomy) from 2017-2022 in a single, multi-state hospital system. Outcomes included prophylactic antiemetic administration according to consensus guidelines as well as occurrence of PONV and PDNV, with predictors being patient race and ethnicity, payor type, and community-level SES.

Results:
About 45% (n=10,407) of patients received guideline-recommended PONV prophylaxis. Regression models showed statistically significant differences in appropriate PONV prophylaxis by race and ethnicity as well as community-level SES, with Black (OR=0.76; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.92) and Hispanic (OR=0.82; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.96) patients having lower odds of receiving appropriate antiemetic prophylaxis compared to non-Hispanic White patients. Approximately 11% of patients (n=2522) experienced PONV in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU), and about 19.5% of patients (n=4540) experienced PDNV. No significant differences in PONV were observed in the PACU among different groups, however, Black, Hispanic, Other races and ethnicities, and patients with Medicaid had higher odds of PDNV.

Conclusion:
The study identified differences in appropriate PONV prophylaxis by race and ethnicity as well as community-level SES. There were no differences in PONV by our predictors, but higher odds of PDNV by race and ethnicity and payor. This study underscores the importance of data stratification in quality measures to identify disparities in perioperative care; it can lead to changes in perioperative anesthetic management. Further research should explore these associations in a broader cohort and address potential confounding sources.
Endometrium-Free Closure Technique During Cesarean Delivery for Reducing the Risk of Niche Formation and Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Antoine Clarel , Meyer Jessica A. , Silverstein Jenna , Buldo-Licciardi Julia , Lyu Chen , Timor-Tritsch Ilan E. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the prevalence and severity of postcesarean residual niche, evaluated using saline infusion sonohysterography, in an expanded cohort of women with one prior cesarean delivery and to assess the effect of uterine closure technique on the risk of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders.

METHODS:
This secondary analysis includes 70 patients who underwent saline infusion sonohysterography after one prior cesarean delivery. Patients were grouped according to hysterotomy closure technique: two-layer endometrium-free closure (technique A), and two- or one-layer routine closures (technique B). Niche dimensions and residual myometrial thickness were measured. The primary outcome was clinically significant niche (depth larger than 2 mm), a risk factor for PAS. Groups were compared using χ2, unpaired t test, Kruskal-Wallis, and logistic regression with significance at P<.05.

RESULTS:
There were 33 patients in the technique A group and 37 patients in the technique B group. Technique A was associated with smaller niche dimensions (P=.018 for width, .005 for depth, and .002 for length), and exhibited thicker residual myometrial thickness (8.5 mm vs 5.5 mm, P=.041) and a lower incidence of clinically significant niches. The odds of having a clinically significant niche were 27 times higher in the technique B group (adjusted odds ratio 27.1, 95% CI, 4.35–168.81, P<.001).

CONCLUSION:
Uterine closure techniques are associated with the development and size of postcesarean residual niches, which are critical risk factors for PAS disorders. Use of an endometrium-free closure technique during primary cesarean delivery is associated with a reduced risk of future niche formation and PAS complications.
New treatments for glaucoma
Authors: Mai Anthony P. , Ferguson Tanner J. , Radcliffe Nathan 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
This review highlights new Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approved glaucoma treatments to familiarize providers with immediately available options.

Recent findings
New FDA-approved treatments include the bimatoprost implant, travoprost implant, direct selective laser trabeculoplasty (DSLT), and ocular pressure adjusting pump. The bimatoprost implant is approved for a single administration with effects lasting for about 1 year, as opposed to the nearly 3-year effect for the travoprost implant. Meanwhile, the DSLT lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) by applying a laser through the limbus within 2 s. Lastly, the ocular pressure adjusting pump is a noninvasive, nonpharmaceutical device that lowers IOP with negative pressure within a pair of goggles. Not only do these modalities lower IOP, but they also improve the patient experience by reducing drop burden, decreasing laser duration, or lowering side effects. Although the list of therapies still in development is extensive, another two promising devices under review include a supraciliary stent and an adjustable aqueous tube shunt.

Summary
Glaucoma treatment has considerably evolved over the last decade with the introduction of novel topical medications, minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries, sustained-release drug delivery systems, and wearable devices. This expansion in glaucoma has enabled more patient-centric decision-making regarding treatment.
Development and Evaluation of a Care Needs Scale for Parents of Children With Tourette Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Yu-Jing , Lee Mei-Yin , Wang Huei-Shyong , Chang Yue-Cune 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in school-age children. Although TS is not life-threatening, the tics and comorbidities can impact a child's physical and mental health, as well as interpersonal interactions. Understanding the care needs of parents of children with TS is essential for providing healthcare services that effectively support these children. The aim of the study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the care needs scale for parents of children with TS (CNS-PCTS) in Taiwan. METHODS: This study used a methodological design. The scale was developed by preliminarily identifying relevant items and dimensions through a systematic review of the literature. A pilot test with 30 participants and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) confirmed the subscales and items pertaining to the care needs of the parents. Data analysis included content validity, item analysis, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and EFA. The Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was adopted to assess the discriminant validity of the CNS-PCTS. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-six parents of children with TS completed the scale. The scale-level content validity index was 0.92. The EFA revealed that the CNS-PCTS consisted of 13 items, with the factor loadings ranging from 0.656 to 0.83, and covered 3 factors: getting information about TS, assisting children in social engagement, and obtaining parenting support. The discriminant validity showed a positive correlation between the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the CNS-PCTS. Cronbach's α coefficients of the subscales ranged from 0.89 to 0.94, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.94. CONCLUSION: The CNS-PCTS demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties. It helps health professionals understand parents' care needs and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Confirmatory factor analysis can be performed in future studies to provide more rigorous validity.
The Relationship Between Psychological Distress and Sleep Quality Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: The Moderating Effect of Gender
Authors: LEE Szu-Ying , HUANG Sheng-Miauh , HUNG Chia-Tai , FANG Su-Chen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background
Symptoms of psychological distress such as depression and anxiety as well as gender are known to be associated with sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults. However, little is known about the effect on sleep quality of interactions among these factors.

Purpose
This study was developed to investigate the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between psychological distress and sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods
A cross-sectional design, secondary data analysis of data on 5,590 individuals aged ≥ 45 years from the Taiwan Biobank database (2009–2018) was used. In this database, psychological distress was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, and sleep quality was assessed using a self-report, one-question scale. Demographic data and health-related variables were evaluated as potential confounding factors. A hierarchical regression was conducted to examine the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between psychological distress and sleep quality after adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
The participants with severe psychological distress were found to have a lower mean quality of sleep than those without (p < .01), and males returned a better mean quality of sleep score than females (p < .01). Moreover, a significant interaction effect between psychological distress and gender on sleep quality score was found (b = 0.123, SE = 0.022, p = .03). In terms of participants with severe psychological distress, males reported significantly poorer sleep quality than females.

Conclusions
The findings provide evidence that gender moderates the relationship between sleep quality and psychological distress. Also, in terms of individuals with severe psychological distress, males reported worse sleep quality than women, indicating psychological distress impacts sleep quality in men more than women. Nurses should be aware of these findings when working with clinical professionals to tailor gender-specific education interventions to improve sleep quality and psychological health.
Hepatic metabolism and ketone production in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Plaisance Eric P. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is present in 25–35% of individuals in the United States. The purpose of this review is to provide the contextual framework for hepatic ketogenesis in MASLD and to spotlight recent advances that have improved our understanding of the mechanisms that drive its development and progression.

Recent findings
Traditionally, hepatic ketogenesis has only been considered metabolically during prolonged fasting/starvation or with carbohydrate deplete ketogenic diets where ketones provide important alternative energy sources. Over the past 2 years, it has become increasingly clear from preclinical rodent and human clinical studies that hepatic ketogenic insufficiency is a key contributor to the initiation and progression of MASLD.

Summary
A more thorough understanding of the metabolic dysregulation that occurs between the liver and extrahepatic tissues has significant potential in the development of innovative nutritional and pharmacological approaches to the treatment of MASLD.
Potential gains in PrEP coverage and effect on racial disparities following introduction of on-demand and long-acting injectable PrEP: Preferences of men who have sex with men in the United States, 2021-2022
Authors: Jones Jeb , Siegler Aaron J , Glick Jennifer L. , Lucas Iaah , Sullivan Patrick S , Sarkar Supriya , Ragone Leigh , Rawlings M Keith , Vannappagari Vani , Sanchez Travis 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
There are persistent race- and ethnicity-based disparities in HIV incidence among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in the United States, partially driven by inequities in distribution of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We assessed how additional modalities of PrEP beyond daily oral might affect uptake of PrEP and ongoing disparities in HIV incidence in the US.

Methods:
In an online survey of GBMSM in the US, we presented participants with descriptions of each PrEP modality. Among GBMSM not willing to use daily oral PrEP, we assessed willingness to use on-demand or long-acting injectable (LA) PrEP. Among GBMSM using daily oral PrEP, we assessed willingness to switch to on-demand or LA PrEP.

Results:
Among GBMSM who were not willing to use daily oral PrEP, most were also not willing to use either on-demand or LA PrEP. In adjusted analyses, Hispanic/Latino, non-Hispanic/Latino Black, and non-Hispanic/Latino GBMSM of other races were more willing to use LA PrEP than non-Hispanic/Latino White GBMSM; none of the adjusted prevalence ratios was statistically significant. Most GBMSM currently taking daily oral PrEP reported a preference for staying on that regimen. Among those interested in switching, most were interested in on-demand PrEP.

Conclusions:
Most GBMSM not willing to use daily oral PrEP are also not willing to use other modalities of PrEP; most GBMSM who are currently using daily oral PrEP prefer to continue using that dosing strategy. Our results suggest that differential preferences in modalities of PrEP will not exacerbate existing disparities in PrEP distribution or HIV incidence.
Association Between County-Level Social Vulnerability and CDC-funded HIV Testing Program Outcomes in the United States, 2020−2022
Authors: Song Wei , Mulatu Mesfin S. , Crepaz Nicole , Wang Guoshen , Patel Deesha , Xia Mingjing , Essuon Aba 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Community-level social vulnerabilities may affect HIV outcomes. This analysis assessed the association between county-level social vulnerability and CDC-funded HIV testing program outcomes.

Setting:
HIV testing data from 60 state and local health departments and 119 community-based organizations were submitted to CDC during 2020−2022.

Methods:
HIV testing data were combined with county-level Minority Health Social Vulnerability Index, which measures economic, medical, and social vulnerability. We calculated absolute and relative disparity measures for HIV testing program outcomes (i.e., HIV positivity, linkage to medical care, interview for partner services, referral to PrEP providers) between high and low social vulnerability counties. We compared differences in HIV testing program outcomes by demographic factors and test site type.

Results:
The majority (85.8%) of the 4.9 million tests were conducted in high social vulnerability counties. HIV positivity (1.1%) and linkage to medical care after a new diagnosis (77.5%) were higher in high social vulnerability counties. However, interview for partner services after a new diagnosis (72.1%) and referrals to PrEP providers among eligible HIV-negative persons (48.1%) were lower in high social vulnerability counties. Additionally, the relative disparity in HIV testing program outcomes varied by demographic factors and test site type.

Conclusion:
CDC-funded HIV testing programs reach the most vulnerable communities. However, testing outcomes vary by community vulnerability, demographic factors, and test site type. Continued monitoring of the relationship between county-level social vulnerability and HIV testing program outcomes would guide HIV testing efforts and allocate resources effectively to achieve the national goal of ending the HIV epidemic.
Noninvasive Approach to Postoperative Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Septorhinoplasty Surgery
Authors: Karaca Ekrem , Çinar Gökhan , Soylu Erkan 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
In this study, we retrospectively examined the bleeding that occurred in the 5-year patient series.

Materials and Methods:
One thousand seven hundred seventy-five patients who underwent septorhinoplasty surgery between 2019 and 2023 were included in the study, and 28 of these patients who presented with bleeding complications were examined. All patients underwent open-technique septorhinoplasty surgery with or without concha intervention and were discharged the next day after overnight hospitalization.

Results:
Of the 1775 patients included in the study, 1415 (79.7%) were female and 360 (20.3%) were male. Bleeding was observed in a total of 28 cases (1.6%). There was no difference regarding age or sex in patients with bleeding. It was also observed that concha intervention did not make a difference in terms of bleeding. The bleeding period ranged from 1 to 9 days, with an average period of 5.53 ± 2.36 days and a median bleeding period of 6 days. All bleeding patients were followed up with supportive treatment and were discharged after a 24-hour bleeding-free period. There was no need for interventions in the operating room or blood transfusions in for any patient.

Conclusion:
Patients who present with bleeding after rhinoplasty can be observed, and their bleeding can be controlled without further intervention with supportive treatment and sufficient time.
Pediatric Craniofacial Injuries Involving Alcohol: An Epidemiologic Study
Authors: Palmer Skyler K. , Danciutiu Alexandra , Gomez Diego A. , Salazar Bruno , Porras Antonio R. , French Brooke , Nguyen Phuong D. , Khechoyan David Y. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Alcohol intoxication significantly increases an individual’s risk for a variety of injuries including craniofacial injuries, although this research is limited to adults. Further research is needed on pediatric craniofacial injuries related to alcohol use in children, a group inherently different in anatomy and developmental considerations from adults. This study aims to identify alcohol-related craniofacial injury patterns, injury mechanisms, and patient disposition in the pediatric population presenting to the emergency department.

Methods:
A cross-sectional analysis of alcohol-related injuries in the pediatric population (0–18 years of age) was performed using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2019 to 2023. Patient demographics, specific primary and secondary injury diagnoses, injury mechanism, location, and discharge disposition were collected. Descriptive statistics and χ2 tests were used to understand injury patterns.

Results:
A total of 266 patients with alcohol-related craniofacial injuries were identified, with an age range of 12 to 18 years. The most common craniofacial injuries were brain injury, facial laceration, and concussions. Additional injuries occurred in most patients and were often either poisoning or an additional craniofacial injury. Injury mechanisms included falls, motorized and non-motorized recreational vehicles, motor vehicle collisions, and others. Although most patients were discharged from the emergency department, some required transfer or admission, particularly those with brain injuries or fractures.

Conclusion:
This study evaluates pediatric craniofacial injuries involving alcohol. Falls emerged as the most common injury mechanism, and most injuries occurred in older adolescents. This population had high rates of brain injury and concomitant injuries, highlighting the significant morbidity present.
“Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty Using Robotic Peritoneal Flap Method
Authors: Blasdel Gaines , Hemal Kshipra , Dubach-Reinhold Charlie , Parker Augustus , Amro Chris , Zhao Lee C. , Bluebond-Langner Rachel 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes of robotic peritoneal flap vaginoplasty.

Background:
There is a lack of long-term outcomes data for gender-affirming vaginoplasty to inform patient decision-making.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort of 500 consecutive patients undergoing robotic peritoneal flap vaginoplasty from 2017-2023 were reviewed. Complications requiring procedural intervention, self-reported vaginal dimensions, and orgasm were recorded at each follow up visit and analyzed as outcomes.

Results:
487 (97%) of patients were followed to 3 months, and 425 (85%) to 1 year or greater. Twenty patients (4%) had a complication requiring procedural intervention, and 61(12%) had elective revision surgery. Median self-reported vaginal depth and width at 1 year was 14.5 cm (14.5-14.5) and 3.8 cm (3.8-3.8 cm). There were 12 patients (4%) no longer dilating using standard dilators at this pre-scheduled 1-year appointment, and at last follow-up ≥1 year, 8% were no longer dilating. Thirty-six (8%) of patients were considered anorgasmic at last follow up. Difficulty with orgasm prior to surgery was associated with lower rates of achieving orgasm after surgery and less consistent vaginal depth at 1 year, however 80% of these patients were able to orgasm after surgery.

Conclusions:
Clinician-observed and patient-reported outcomes for robotic gender-affirming peritoneal flap vaginoplasty were superior to those reported in the literature for penile inversion vaginoplasty. Patients who do not achieve orgasm prior to surgery are less likely to achieve orgasm and maintain vaginal depth afterwards, however the majority of these patients have improved sexual health after surgery.