bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trilobatin attenuates cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion‐induced blood–brain barrier dysfunction by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 9: The legend of a food additive
Authors: Feng Linying , Li Yeli , Lin Mu , Xie Dianyou , Luo Yunmei , Zhang Yuandong , He Zhixu , Gong Qihai , Zhun Zhu Yi , Gao Jianmei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeBlood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is one of the crucial pathological changes of cerebral ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Trilobatin (TLB), a naturally occurring food additive, exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral I/R injury as demonstrated in our previous study. This study was designed to investigate the effect of TLB on BBB disruption after cerebral I/R injury.Experimental ApproachRats with focal cerebral ischaemia caused by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion were studied along with brain microvascular endothelial cells and human astrocytes to mimic BBB injury caused by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R).Key ResultsThe results showed that TLB effectively maintained BBB integrity and inhibited neuronal loss following cerebral I/R challenge. Furthermore, TLB increased tight junction proteins including ZO‐1, Occludin and Claudin 5, and decreased the levels of apolipoprotein E (APOE) 4, cyclophilin A (CypA) and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB), thereby reducing proinflammatory cytokines. TLB also decreased the Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio and cleaved‐caspase 3 levels along with a reduced number of apoptotic neurons. Molecular docking and transcriptomics predicted MMP9 as a prominent gene evoked by TLB treatment. The protective effects of TLB on cerebral I/R‐induced BBB breakdown was largely abolished by overexpression of MMP9, and the beneficial effects of TLB on OGD/R‐induced loss of BBB integrity in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocyte co‐cultures was markedly reinforced by knockdown of MMP9.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur findings reveal a novel property of TLB: preventing BBB disruption following cerebral I/R via targeting MMP9 and inhibiting APOE4/CypA/NF‐κB axis.
Decoupling external forcings during the development of Miocene fluvial stratigraphy of the North Patagonian Foreland
Authors: López Manuel , Milanese Florencia , D'Elia Leandro , Bilmes Andrés , Bucher Joaquín , Feo Rodrigo N. , García Micaela , Calvo‐Rathert Manuel , Rapalini Augusto , Franzese Juan R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Patagonian Andean foreland system includes several intermountain basins filled with a Miocene non‐marine record deposited under syn‐tectonic conditions related to the Andean uplift and a regional climate change triggered by a rain shadow effect. Many of those basins, such as the Collón Cura basin in Neuquén Province, Argentina, present a well‐preserved fluvial record (i.e. the Limay Chico Member of the Caleufú Formation). Sedimentological and palaeomagnetic studies have allowed the interpretation of coeval transverse distributary fan and axial mixed‐load fluvial systems deposited between 10.6 ± 0.2 and 12.8 Ma. The basin infill arrangement shows that, while the axial mixed‐load fluvial system exhibits an aggradational stacking pattern, the transverse distributary fluvial fan system denotes three different orders of stratigraphic patterns: (i) large‐scale progradation of the transverse fluvial fan system over a time scale of 106 year; (ii) intermediate‐scale progradational–retrogradational transverse intra‐basinal fluvial fan episodes over a time scale of 105 year; and (iii) small‐scale transverse lobe progradation over a time scale of 105–104 year. These patterns were interpreted as transverse sediment flux variations triggered by variable external forcings. To decouple those forcings, we estimated the Collón Cura basin equilibrium time at 3–5 × 105 year and compared it with the time scale over which different external forcings varied in the Patagonian Andean and foreland regions during Miocene times. Large‐scale progradation is linked to an increase in sediment flux triggered by a long‐term tectonically driven exhumation forcing associated with the Miocene Patagonian Andean contractional phase. Intermediate‐scale progradational–retrogradational episodes are linked to variations in sediment flux due to a mid‐term tectonic forcing associated with the western fault system activity. The small‐scale fan lobe progradation is related to increases in sediment flux triggered by indistinguishable short‐term autogenic processes and/or high‐frequency tectonic and climatic forcings. This contribution shows the applicability and limitations of the basin equilibrium time concept to decouple external forcings from the geological record, considering their magnitude, nature and time scale, as well as the basin characteristics.
Collaboration: How does it work according to therapists and parents of young children? A systematic review
Authors: Klatte Inge S. , Ketelaar Marjolijn , de Groot Annemieke , Bloemen Manon , Gerrits Ellen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCollaboration between therapists and parents of children with developmental disabilities is a key element of family‐centred care. In practice, collaboration appears to be challenging for both parents and therapists. This systematic review aims to make explicit how therapists can optimise their collaboration with parents of young children with developmental disabilities, according to the perspectives of parents and therapists.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using the following databases: Medline (PubMed), CINAHL (OVID) and PsychINFO (OVID). Those papers were selected, which focused on collaboration using a two‐way interaction between therapists and parents, exploring the perspectives of therapists and/or parents of children between 2 and 6 years. Papers needed to be published in English or Dutch between 1998 and July 2021. Included papers were synthesised using a qualitative analysis approach by two researchers independently. Results sections were analysed line‐by‐line, and codes were formulated and discussed by all authors. Codes were aggregated, resulting in a synthesis of specific collaboration strategies in combined strategy clusters.ResultsThe search generated 3439 records. In total, 24 papers were selected. Data synthesis resulted in an overview of specific strategies organised into five clusters: (1) continuously invest time in your collaboration with parents, (2) be aware of your important role in the collaboration with parents, (3) tailor your approach, (4) get to know the family and (5) empower parents to become a collaborative partner.ConclusionsThis systematic review resulted in an overview of concrete strategies for therapists to use in their collaboration with parents of children with developmental disabilities. The strategies formulated enable therapists to consciously decide how to optimise their collaboration with each individual parent. Making these strategies explicit facilitates change of practice from therapist‐led and child‐centred towards family‐centred care.
Girls are good at STEM: Opening minds and providing evidence reduces boys' stereotyping of girls' STEM ability
Authors: Cyr Emily N. , Kroeper Kathryn M. , Bergsieker Hilary B. , Dennehy Tara C. , Logel Christine , Steele Jennifer R. , Knasel Rita A. , Hartwig W. Tyler , Shum Priscilla , Reeves Stephanie L. , Dys‐Steenbergen Odilia , Litt Amrit , Lok Christopher B. , Ballinger Taylor , Nam Haemi , Tse Crystal , Forest Amanda L. , Zanna Mark , Staub‐French Sheryl , Wells Mary , Schmader Toni , Wright Stephen C. , Spencer Steven J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGirls and women face persistent negative stereotyping within STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics). This field intervention was designed to improve boys' perceptions of girls' STEM ability. Boys (N = 667; mostly White and East Asian) aged 9–15 years in Canadian STEM summer camps (2017–2019) had an intervention or control conversation with trained camp staff. The intervention was a multi‐stage persuasive appeal: a values affirmation, an illustration of girls' ability in STEM, a personalized anecdote, and reflection. Control participants discussed general camp experiences. Boys who received the intervention (vs. control) had more positive perceptions of girls' STEM ability, d = 0.23, an effect stronger among younger boys. These findings highlight the importance of engaging elementary‐school‐aged boys to make STEM climates more inclusive.
Correspondence on “Sex steroid priming for growth hormone stimulation testing in children and adolescents with short stature: A systematic review”
Authors: Yau Mabel , Rapaport Robert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuncan et al. reviewed the response to growth hormone stimulation testing after priming in peripubertal children. The concern is that there is little research documenting the response to growth hormone treatment in patients with sex hormone primed growth hormone stimulation testing and those unprimed. The controversy about priming or not can be summarized as follows: if one wants to know if the production of growth hormone during puberty will be adequate in terms of peak growth hormone responses then stimulation with priming should be done.
Comparative analysis of methodologies for predicting overall survival in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer based on the number and rate of resected positive lymph nodes: A study based on the SEER database for 2010 through 2019
Authors: Guo Qiang , Hu Sheng , Wang Silin , Su Lang , Zhang Wenxiong , Xu Jianjun , Wei Yiping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLymph node (LN) metastasis is crucial in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis and treatment, but the TNM system lacks LN quantity consideration. Our goal is to investigate the role of positive LNs (nPLN) and positive LN rate (LNR) in overall survival (OS) and assess whether they offer higher value in prognostic assessment of NSCLC than N‐stage.MethodsPatients were stratified into four subgroups using X‐Tile software. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kaplan–Meier method, univariate analysis, and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Model performance was evaluated using the Harrell consistency index (C‐index), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). The prognostic performance of the nodal classification was validated using overall survival as the endpoint.ResultsThe survival curves demonstrate distinct disparities between each nPLN and LNR category. A pronounced trend toward deteriorating overall survival from N‐PLN 1 to N‐PLN 2+ was observed across all tumor size categories. However, the differences between each LNR category were only significant for tumors ≤3 cm and 5–7 cm. Notably, both nPLN and LNR classifications displayed a higher C‐index, lower AIC, and lower BIC compared with the N staging. Furthermore, the LNR classification provided superior prognostic stratification when compared with the nPLN classification.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that nPLN and LNR classifications may offer improved prognostic performance compared with the current N classification for LN‐positive NSCLC patients. Nonetheless, more studies are needed to assess the feasibility of incorporating these classifications into the next TNM staging system.
Development and validation of the CAIL prognostic score in non‐small cell lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Li Tianyuan , Tian Panwen , Huang Qin , Zeng Hao , Wei Qi , Li Yalun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) typically have poor prognoses, and predicting survival is challenging. The present study aimed to identify prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with MPE in the time of immunotherapy and targeted therapy.MethodsData of 344 consecutive NSCLC patients with MPE on clinical, radiological, and molecular characteristics and treatment options were collected. The risk factors in the training cohort were assessed using univariate and multivariate proportional hazards analyses. A clinical prognostic score was established and validated.ResultsAccording to the results of the multivariable survival analysis, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score (PS), antiangiogenic therapy, immunotherapy, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in pleural fluid (CAIL) prognostic score was developed (n = 275) and subsequently validated (n = 69). Patients who underwent risk stratification into low‐, moderate‐, and high‐risk groups had median OS of 46.1, 23.1, and 9.6 months, respectively (P < 0.0001). The area under the curve (AUC) analysis showed the CAIL score to be superior at predicting survival compared with the LENT score at 6 (0.84 vs. 0.77, P < 0.01), 12 (0.87 vs. 0.82, P < 0.01), and 36 months (0.80 vs. 0.77, P < 0.01).ConclusionsFor NSCLC patients with MPE, the validated CAIL prognostic score integrates clinical characteristics and therapeutic modalities to predict survival.
Assembling genetic structure of Gardenia remyi, a critically endangered tree endemic to the Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Hansen Kristina Egholm , Opgenorth Mike , Flynn Tim , Kennedy Barbara , Rønsted Nina , Olofsson Jill K. , Barnes Christopher J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConservation and restoration planning of extremely rare species relies on an understanding of the genetic diversity and population dynamics within a species to overcome potential inbreeding depression. Nānū or Nāʻū (Gardenia remyi H. Mann.) is an endemic tree native to the Hawaiian Islands and is one of more than 200 endangered plant species in Hawaiʻi with less than 50 individuals remaining in the wild. Efforts to understand the genetic diversity and connectivity between wild populations are foundational to conservation management plans, however little is known of the population structure of the species. In this study we utilize double digest restriction‐site associated sequencing (ddRADSeq) on both historical herbarium specimens and samples from living ex situ collections to: (1) Test the hypothesis that we can capture genetic diversity in herbarium material of G. remyi using ddRADSeq, and (2) test the hypothesis that there are genetically distinct populations or subpopulation units among different Hawaiian islands. Usable sequencing data from thirty‐seven samples of herbarium specimens collected between 1952 and 2017 and twenty wild sourced living collection samples were obtained representing all four islands where G. remyi is known to occur. Phylogenetic and population structure analysis revealed a monophyletic ingroup and a clear division between G. remyi samples of the northern island of Kauaʻi and those from the more southeastern younger islands of Molokaʻi, Maui and Hawaiʻi islands. The Kauaʻi samples were further split into a subpopulation from Southern Kauaʻi and the subpopulations from Northern Kauaʻi. Some admixed samples were detected. Our results are consistent with subpopulations of G. remyi, which needs to be considered in future conservation planning and breeding efforts to minimize inbreeding depression.
A randomized trial of continuous glucose monitoring to improve post‐transplant glycemic control
Authors: Jandovitz Nicholas , George Sam J. , Abate Mersema , Kressel Adam M. , Bolognese Alexandra C. , Lau Lawrence , Nair Vinay , Grodstein Elliot 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study examines whether the use of inpatient Continuous Glucose Monitors provides improved glycemic control over finger‐stick glucose monitoring post‐transplant.MethodsThis is a single‐site, prospective randomized controlled trial of 40 patients receiving conventional finger‐stick glucose monitoring or continuous monitoring using the Medtronic Guardian Sensor 3 during the first 5 days post‐transplant. Included patients were adult renal transplant recipients with a diagnosis of diabetes. Assessed endpoints included post‐transplant daily median glucose level, hyperglycemic (≥180 mg/dL) and hypoglycemic (≤80 mg/dL) episodes, number of post‐transplant bacterial infections and length of stay.ResultsGroups were well matched in demographic variables. Median daily glucose was significantly lower in the intervention group. There were also significantly less episodes of hyperglycemia on postoperative days 2, 3, 4, and 5. There were no differences in the incidences of hypoglycemia, postoperative bacterial infections, or length of stay.ConclusionIn this randomized study, the use of a continuous glucose monitor to guide post‐transplant glucose management significantly lowered the incidence of hyperglycemic episodes and median glucose levels through the first 5 days post‐transplant without increasing the number of hypoglycemic episodes. The use of these devices can be considered in the immediate post‐renal transplant setting.
Environmentally sustainable gastroenterology practice: Review of current state and future goals
Authors: Sonaiya Sneh , Marino Richard , Agollari Klea , Sharma Paranjay , Desai Madhav 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThe health‐care sector contributes 4.6% of global greenhouse gas emissions, with gastroenterology playing a significant role due to the widespread use of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. In this review, we aim to understand the carbon footprint in gastroenterology practice associated with GI endoscopy, conferences and recruitment, identify barriers to change, and recommend mitigating strategies.MethodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to explore the carbon footprint in gastroenterology practice, focusing on endoscopy, inpatient and outpatient settings, and recruitment practices. Recommendations for mitigating the carbon footprint were derived.ResultsThis narrative review analyzed 34 articles on the carbon footprint in gastroenterology practice. Carbon footprint of endoscopy in the United States is approximately 85,768 metric tons of CO2 emission annually, equivalent to 9 million gallons of gasoline consumed, or 94 million pounds of coal burned. Each endoscopy generates 2.1 kg of disposable waste (46 L volume), of which 64% of waste goes to the landfill, 28% represents biohazard waste, and 9% is recycled. The per‐case manufacturing carbon footprint for single‐use devices and reusable devices is 1.37 kg CO2 and 0.0017 kg CO2, respectively. Inpatient and outpatient services contributed through unnecessary procedures, prolonged hospital stays, and excessive use of single‐use items. Fellowship recruitment and gastrointestinal conferences added to the footprint, mainly due to air travel and hotel stays.ConclusionGastrointestinal endoscopy and practice contribute to the carbon footprint through the use of disposables such as single‐use endoscopes and waste generation. To achieve environmental sustainability, measures such as promoting reusable endoscopy equipment over single‐use endoscopes, calculating institutional carbon footprints, establishing benchmarking standards, and embracing virtual platforms such as telemedicine and research meetings should be implemented.
Diabetes foot complications and standardized mortality rate in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Stedman Mike , Robinson Adam , Dunn George , Meza‐Torres Bernado , Gibson J. Martin , Reeves Neil D. , Jude Edward B. , Feher Michael , Rayman Gerry , Whyte Martin B. , Edmonds Michael , Heald Adrian H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo quantify the impact of foot complications on mortality outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and how routinely measured factors might modulate that risk.Materials and MethodsData for individuals with T2D for 2010‐2020, from the Salford Integrated Care Record (Salford, UK), were extracted for laboratory and clinical data, and deaths. Annual expected deaths were taken from Office of National Statistics mortality data. An index of multiple deprivation (IMD) adjusted the standardized mortality ratio (SMR_IMD). Life years lost per death (LYLD) was estimated from the difference between expected and actual deaths.ResultsA total of 11 806 T2D patients were included, with 5583 new diagnoses and 3921 deaths during 2010‐2020. The number of expected deaths was 2135; after IMD adjustment, there were 2595 expected deaths. Therefore, excess deaths numbered 1326 (SMR_IMD 1.51). No foot complications were evident in n = 9857. This group had an SMR_IMD of 1.13 and 2.74 LYLD. In total, 2979 patients had any foot complication recorded. In this group, the SMD_IMR was 2.29; of these, 2555 (75%) had only one foot complication. Patients with a foot complication showed little difference in percentage HbA1c more than 58 mmol/mol. In multivariate analysis, for those with a foot complication and an albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio of more than 3 mg/mmol, the odds ratio (OR) for death was 1.93, and for an estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL/min/1.73m2, the OR for death was 1.92.ConclusionsPatients with T2D but without a foot complication have an SMR_IMD that is only slightly higher than that of the general population. Those diagnosed with a foot complication have a mortality risk that is double that of those without T2D.
Cytoplasmic incompatibility and female fecundity associated with Wolbachia infection in a cricket species
Authors: Zhu Dao‐Hong , Liu Long‐Tao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wolbachia is a maternally inherited endosymbiont of the phylum α‐Proteobacteria that is found widely in arthropods and nematodes. Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is the commonest endosymbiotic manipulation among arthropods, namely reduced embryo viability when Wolbachia‐infected males fertilize Wolbachia‐uninfected females.
In this study, endosymbiont infection was investigated and crossing experiments were performed in the wing‐dimorphic cricket Velarifictorus aspersus (Walker) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) to clarify the effects of Wolbachia on host reproduction.
All the tested individuals were infected with two Wolbachia strains, wAsp‐a and wAsp‐f, which belong to supergroup A and supergroup F, respectively.
There were no obvious differences in the duration of nymph development or the proportions of females between the Wolbachia‐infected and Wolbachia‐free lines. However, crossing Wolbachia‐infected males with uninfected females reduced the hatching rate by 28% compared with that when infected males were crossed with infected females. The number of eggs laid by Wolbachia‐free females was significantly lower than laid by infected females, either mating with infected males or uninfected males.
These results suggest that Wolbachia induced incomplete CI and enhanced female fertility in V. aspersus. Because no homologous cifA and cifB genes, which are involved in CI, were found in supergroups C, D and F, it might be considered that the CI of V. aspersus was induced by strain wAsp‐a of supergroup A. Moreover, the significant increase in the density of wAsp‐a Wolbachia with nymph development might be related to the regulation of CI.