bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Characteristics of Tide and Tidal Current in the east China Seas
Authors: Wang Ning , Gao Yuan , Guo Hailong , Lu Jiaqing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The features of tide and tidal current in the east China seas were studied by the FES2014 tide data and tide gauge station data. It is found that FES2014 data is in well agreement with the observation. Among the four major tidal components (M2, S2, K1, and O1), M2 is the strongest tidal component with the maximum amplitude (tidal current) exceeds 100 cm (100 cm/s), followed by S2 tide with its maximum amplitude (tidal current) reaches 60 cm (50 cm/s). The results indicate the east China seas are dominated by semi-diurnal tides. There are four amphidromic points for semi-diurnal tides, and two amphidromic points for diurnal tides. Rotating tidal current dominates the areas far from the coast, and rectilinear current dominates the coastal sea area. The strong tidal currents are often distributed in some places with special topography such as bays and estuaries.
The Effect of Storm Surge on Three-dimensional Tidal Current Characteristics: A Case Study of “Lekima”
Authors: Wang Y. , Luo F. , Zhang Y. F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study simulated the process of storm surge in the Eastern China Sea (ECS) during typhoon Lekima, based on the MIKE3 wind-surge model driven by the reconstructed typhoon wind field, which was calculated by the Holland empirical formula. The results show that, affected by shoreline and topography, the storm surge in the Hangzhou Bay and the Taizhou Bay can be more than 3.0 m during typhoon Lekima. During the typhoon, the maximum storm surge on the right side of the track was relatively larger than that on the left side, especially along the coast. And the value of maximum current speed was more than 2.5 m/s, which can be obtained in the coast of Zhejiang. The storm current speed at stations presented logarithmic distribution along the depth generally, either the astronomical tide or storm tide. The vertical structure of current velocity responded to typhoon Lekima presented obvious layered distribution. The value of current speed inner the layers was more than that in the side of the layer.
Numerical model for interactions between shallow water wave and continuous submerged porous structures
Authors: Wang Guangsheng , Yang Yunhan , Zhang Hongyan , Sun Chaoyang , Tao Aifeng , Sui Titi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Submerged porous breakwater in shallow estuarine environments is considered to have the potential to provide shoreline protection as well as offshore structures. The research aims to address how submerged porous structures can effectively attenuate wave energy in shallow waters. In this paper, the wave generation library waves2Foam is used to generate waves. A series of numerical experiments are conducted taking into account different physical parameters of porous structures and wave factors.
A Shifted Double Wavelet Iteration Algorithm for Detecting the Gross Errors in Shipborne Gravity
Authors: Wang X. , Fan J. Y. , Deng K. L. , Chen X. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Detecting the discrete gross error and regional gross error in shipborne gravity is a key step for improving the measurement quality. The traditional wavelet threshold shrinkage (WTS) method misidentifies discrete gross errors and cannot detect regional gross errors. Here we propose a shifted double wavelet iteration (SDWI) method. This method decomposes the measurement sequence by shifted double wavelet to obtain wavelet coefficients, and then apply threshold processing to the obtained coefficients to accurately detect gross errors. After that, we reconstruct the identified gross errors, and perform iterative processing to the regional gross errors. Finally, the difference of the gravity before and after gross error detection is used for gross error positioning. In the simulation experiment, we use the proposed SDWI method to detect the discrete gross error, the regional gross error and discrete-region gross error in the shipborne gravity, separately. The results show that the detection success rate is 100% and failure rate is 0 for all three kinds of gross errors, better than that of the traditional WTS method. The real data experiment also confirms that the proposed method is effective in detecting gross errors.
Compensation of UUV magnetic field interference based on ridge estimation
Authors: Zhang R , Zhang Q , Hu J , Pan M , Luo H , Li Z , Ding Z , Liu J , Du Q 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The ocean magnetic anomaly detection based on unmanned underwater vehicles has great significance in military field, such as anti-submarine, anti-mine, and ship magnetic property evaluation. But it is easy for magnetometer fixed on vehicles to be affected by the magnetic interference of vehicles ferromagnetic equipment and electronic equipment. The magnetic interferential field seriously affects the measurement accuracy of the magnetometer. In this paper, ridge estimation method is proposed to estimate magnetic field interference coefficient and compensate magnetic field. A simulation is conducted to verify the validity of the method. And an experiment is designed and implemented on a vehicle. This method can reduce the measurement error of the magnetometer from 11000.0nT to 155.6nT and compensate 98.55% of the magnetic field interference. Both of simulation and experimental results show that ridge estimation method can effectively overcome the influence of complex collinearity of data and better compensate the interference magnetic field.
Impact of Evaporation Duct on Line-of-sight Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves
Authors: Yang F , Yang K-D , Shi Y , Wang S-W , Zhang H , Zhao Y-M , Hu D-W , Dong G-Y 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Generated by the evaporation of seawater, evaporation duct (ED) is an air-sea interaction that occurs over the sea surface. The electromagnetic (EM) waves will be trapped in ED when propagating beyond line-of-sight. However, the impact of ED on line-of-sight propagation is rarely reported. The path loss (PL) oscillates within the first few kilometers when the EM wave propagating in line-of-sight and then greatly reduced. Simulation results shown that the PL in ED layer can be reduced by more than 40 dB on line-of-sight propagation. The experiment PL selected from the South China Sea in March 2022 is 28.2 dB lower than the simulation PL in standard atmosphere, which verifies the conclusions. The conclusions contribute to the design and use of marine radar and communication systems.
Magnetic Field Feature Fusion of Underwater Vehicle Model Based on Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Hu Ping , Chen Sidi , Jiao Dawen , Qi Jiahui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the model of underwater vehicle, a magnetic field feature fusion method based on principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed, focusing on: Non-stationary, nonlinear and non-Gaussian magnetic field time domain of underwater vehicle model based on genetic algorithm optimization neural network Feature extraction technology, underwater vehicle model fusion technology based on principal component analysis of magnetic field time-domain features, constructs effective PCA fusion features with low dimension, and finally uses the model sample recording data to conduct experiments on the main methods of this paper Verification and experimental simulation results show that PCA fusion features can reduce the feature dimension on the basis of maintaining a sufficient amount of effective information, and improve the target recognition efficiency. The results confirm the effectiveness of the related algorithms.
Comparing the spatial domain and frequency domain algorithms for upward continuation of marine magnetic anomaly
Authors: Xiong X , Deng K L , Wu T Q 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Space potential field continuation is a method frequently used for the spatial transformation of magnetic anomaly in the sea area, and is the key technology for constructing three-dimensional marine magnetic field model and the application of marine magnetic survey data. In this study, we analyze the principle of upward continuation of potential field from plane to plane, demonstrate the spatial domain algorithm and frequency domain algorithm, and propose the standards for evaluating the accuracy of the two algorithms. Using the theoretical data of the multi-dipole sphere model, we employ the two algorithms to continue the magnetic anomaly of the observation plane at the height 0 m to 100 m, 200 m, and 300 m, for noisy and noise-free conditions. The results show that the continuation error of the two methods is extremely small at the plane center, but large on the edge; the spatial domain algorithm has obviously better accuracy than the frequency domain algorithm, so it should be preferentially selected in high-precision applications, such as magnetic anomaly detection in the sea area.
Research on the Architecture of Underwater Acoustic Environment Common Operational Picture in Joint Operation
Authors: Li Y Y , Zhou Y X 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With developing of information warfare, the environmental services make more and more significant effect for situational awareness and decision superiority in Integrated Joint Operation. As the mainly environmental factor of sea battlefield, the underwater acoustic environment has an important influence for the capability of sonar detecting and undersea weapon attacking. In this paper, a serving architecture of Underwater Acoustics Environment Common Operational Picture (UAE-COP) in Joint Operation for underwater acoustic environment is proposed, which includes systematic frame, information content, simulating models, technologies, and so on. Computer simulation and typical application shows that the proposed structure will be a valuable mode for underwater acoustic environment tactical decision support.
Passive Velocity Estimation of a Distant Harmonic Source in a Pekeris Waveguide Based on Modal Doppler Shifts
Authors: Cui Hongxu , Li Xiaolei , Gao Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The acoustic field generated by a moving point source in terms of normal modes predicts that each mode has a different Doppler shift, i.e., modal Doppler shifts, which contains the velocity information of the moving source. This paper presents a method to estimate the velocity of a distant harmonic source in a Pekeris waveguide passively based on modal Doppler shifts. Combined with the fact that the modal depth function varies slowly with frequency, a cost function is designed to realize the velocity estimation of a distant harmonic source with a single hydrophone when the bottom parameters are unknown. The effectiveness of the method is validated by simulations.
Deep-sea explosion sound signal propagation loss measurement and model verification
Authors: Tian He , Chen Jiandong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper researched the low-frequency sound field propagation characteristics in the continental slope sea area, the sound field propagation loss is calculated by using the radiated sound field data of the deep-fixed explosive sound sources with 50 m and 200 m depth in the continental slope sea area, and the experimental results are verified by combining with the Kraken normal wave model. The model verification results are in good agreement with the experimental measurement data.
Track Detection of Underwater Moving Targets Based on CFAR
Authors: Zhang Haoting , Tian Mei , Ouyang Qicheng , Liu Jingjing , Shao Gaoping , Cheng Juan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a 2D-Weibull-Constant False Alarm Rate (2D-Weibull-CFAR) detection algorithm to solve the problem that detecting current underwater targets is difficult due to the influence of reverberation noise. Specifically, referring to the idea that CFAR uses the probability distribution of reference units to detect objects, this paper introduces the pixel distribution of reverberation noise into the CFAR detector. After that, the probability distribution of the extracted reference units is estimated, and then the adaptive detection threshold is obtained to achieve reliable detection of underwater targets. Finally, the Hough transform extracts the trajectory of the detection results. The experimental test shows that the algorithm in this paper can solve the problem of false alarms and missed alarms in detecting targets hidden in the reverberation noise. The algorithm in this paper can effectively detect the target in the reverberation noise. The detection results show that the algorithm in this paper has higher accuracy and lower false alarm rate than the comparison algorithm.
Interference-LOFIX: A Passive Localization Method for a Target Near the Water Surface
Authors: Zong Shutong , Li Xiaolei , Gao Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Low Frequency Analysis and Recording Fixing (LOFIX) is a conventional method for localization of underwater target using multiple omnidirectional passive sonobuoys. The key of LOFIX is the relationship between the received signal strength of each sonobuoy and the target-sonobuoys distance. However, the fluctuation of the sound field deduced by the ocean environment often degrades the performance of LOFIX significantly. To solve this problem, a new localization method based on the interference characteristics of the sound field excited by the sound source near the water surface is presented in this paper. Numerical simulations and lake experiment verify the effectiveness of our presented method.
Fast Track Smoothing Algorithm for Underwater Target Tracking Based on KD Tree
Authors: Qi Bin , Tian Jin , Wang Jinjin , Liang Guolong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A fast-track smoothing algorithm based on the KD Tree is proposed to address the problem of state estimation in underwater multi-target tracking. For multi-target tracking, the multi-Bernoulli filter becomes intractable due to the high-dimensional nature of the posterior. This problem can be overcome by the particle filter (PF), which approximates the posterior by a set of weighted samples (“particles”). The probability distribution of the multi-Bernoulli algorithm based on this algorithm contains a series of particles with weights. Therefore, while smoothing it, the state transfer probability of each particle must be computed, and the state transfer function must be calculated, which is related to the difference in states between the k-1 moment and the k moment, we refer to this difference as the state distance. However, the KD Tree can be used to divide the particle set into different state spaces according to the particle states, and thus calculate the state distances more efficiently. The remarkable feature of this algorithm is that the time complexity is greatly reduced from that O(N2) of the traditional algorithm to O(NlogN). This paper implements the proposed method using particles, the improved algorithm based on KD tree effectively mitigates the disadvantages of previous forward-backward smoothing algorithms, and significantly reduces the computation time while improving the system state estimation precision. Experimental results of simulation analysis and the optimal sub-patten assignment distance is employed as an assessment criterion to validate the algorithm’s performance.
Frequency Estimation with Co-prime DFT Filter Bank and Half Nyquist Frequency Shift
Authors: Zhang Xueyan , Qu Libin , Niu Shuai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
When processing wide sense stationary (WSS) signals, the sampled data rate of conventional MN bands DFT filter bank is at least MN, while the co-prime DFT filter bank (co-prime DFTFB) only needs M+N, that sharply lowers the sampling rate. Here, M and N are co-prime pair of integers. However, practical FIR filter imperfections and correlation detection mode arouse spurious peaks in signal power spectrogram, that greatly limits the application of co-prime DFTFB. In this paper, we propose a modified co-prime DFTFB by adding a real valued multiplier to the original one, where M and N are both odd numbers. Together with original co-prime DFTFB, we get a 2MN bands filter bank. In the simulation section, two BPSK signals with random carrier frequencies are employed. The results of detection probability versus SNR curves through 500 Monte Carlo experiments verify the effectiveness of our method.
A Scaled Tank Experiment for the Stochastic Rough Interface Scattering
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Gao Bo , Pang Jie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Bottom reverberation is an important limitation that affects the detection performance of active sonar in shallow water. The stochastic rough seafloor surface scattering is one of the main scattering sources of the bottom reverberation. Since there are much uncertainties, such as propagation fluctuation, unstable station of transmit and receive equipment, it is difficult to investigate the quantitative relationship between the random rough interface parameters and the statistical property by processing the experimental reverberation data collected in the ocean In this paper, the statistical characteristics of the irregular 3D printed interface scattering field are studied by a scaled tank experiment, and the detailed results are presented by the comparison between the COMSOL simulations and the recorded data, the feasibility of the random rough interfaces experiment is verified well. Because the relationship between parameters is precisely controllable, it lays a foundation for the subsequent experimental research of target extraction under the background of interface scattering.
Study on the method of passive ranging for the moving target underwater without prior knowledge of the marine environment
Authors: Tang W L , Han K F 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The waveguide invariant is used to describe the relationship between the slope of interference fringes, the frequency and the distance of the source in the frequency-distance acoustic intensity diagram. The waveguide invariant method considers the influence of the channel environment on sound propagation and reduces the dependence on environmental parameters, which makes its robustness stronger. In this paper, the ranging algorithm using a single element is discussed without considering the information of waveguide environment parameters. Based on the horizontal hydrophone array, the array signal processing method is used to improve the accuracy of ranging compared to a single element. The experimental results show that the ranging accuracy of this method is improved to less than 2% at a long distance after the conventional beamforming (CBF) processing. The above results show that the array signal processing method used improves the accuracy of the distance measurement obviously.
Research on the Propagation Characteristics of Temperature Anomaly in the Intermediate and Deep Ocean Layers
Authors: Lan Yunjie , Song Junqiang , Sun Difu , Leng Hongze , Zhou Yong , Tan Jiaming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to the lack of observational data, the understanding of propagation characteristics of temperature anomaly is mainly concentrated in the sea surface and the waters above thermocline. Little is known about the propagation characteristics of temperature anomaly in the middle and deep oceans. Based on the gridded Argo data, we analyze the propagation characteristics of temperature anomaly along the isodensity. We found that the temperature anomalies in the middle and deep ocean layers propagate westward at most latitudes, which is the same direction as the propagation of the surface temperature anomaly caused by oceanic Rossby waves. Through the Radon transform, we determined the propagation speeds on different isodensities and explored the relationship of propagation speeds and latitudes and water depth. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to explore the propagation characteristics of mid-deep temperature anomalies at the ocean basin scale.
Seamount Clutter Modeling for Long Range Seabed Reverberation in Deep Sea
Authors: Zou Chenglu , Mo Dongpeng , Gao Bo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Reverberation clutter induced by discrete strong scatterers is an important reason which will increase the false alarm probability of active detection, which seriously affects the performance of active sonar detection. In this paper, taking seamount as an example, the theoretical modeling and simulation of the clutter in the deep-sea induced by seamount are carried out by using the ray-mode theory. Through ray-mode approximation, the acoustic rays in surface and reverse channels are ignored, a theoretical model is proposed to calculate the seabed reverberation clutter induced by seamounts, and the physical mechanism of how the seabed reverberation clutter is induced by seamounts is analyzed. The results show that reverberation intensity will increase in the location of seamount and induce discrete reverberation clutter. The greater the fluctuation of seamount, the greater the reverberation clutter intensity.
Geoacoustic Inversion Using Modal Dispersion Curves
Authors: Ding Jiaqi , Zhao Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a broadband geoacoustic inversion method based on matching the estimated dispersion curves extracted from low frequency pulse signal by warping transform and the simulated dispersion curves. The single receiver broadband inversion of the geoacoustic parameters is implemented using the first three orders of the dispersion curves, and the results are assessed using the parameter distribution and propagation loss deviation. The simulation outcomes demonstrate the method’s broad applicability for inverting geoacoustic parameters and the warping transform’s relative accuracy for dispersion curves estimation in waveguide environments with significant vertical sound speed modification.
The Preliminary Study on Backscattering Strength of High Frequency Sonar in Extremely Shallow Water
Authors: Xu Gaofeng , Wang Mouye , Liu Chenshen , Cao Kang , Yang Shenghui , Chen Siyuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The nearshore water area is a very important part of maritime safety and application water area. Due to the complexity of sound propagation, and the influence of terrain, geology, tidal range and experiment’s difficulty, there has few researches in this area. Based on an existing engineering works, this article attempts to give some related calculations of the bistatic backscattered acoustic strength received and launched by a high frequency sonar in the extremely shallow water area with the depth less than 10 meters, and followed by in situ experiments test. It shows that the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental tests. This work is a preliminary attempt in the study of extremely shallow water areas, and will provide a certain reference for the later sonar work in extremely shallow water areas.
Study of Thin Barrier GaN Biosensor with Improved Sensitivity
Authors: Zhang Peng , Liu Can , Zhang Jihua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The sensitivity of GaN biosensor device is directly related to transconductance (gm) of the HEMT device. In this paper, by applying with AlGaN/GaN material of thin AlGaN barrier and appropriately Al composition, the maximum transconductance (gm,max) is shifted near the zero gate voltage spontaneously. The sensitivity of the biosensor can be improved without gate reference electrode. The sensitivity of 0.35 mA/pH in pH detection and 1pg/ml in protein detection is achieved.