bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial effect of high-volume mobilisation with movement on shoulder range of motion and pain in patients with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (Evolution Trial)
Authors: Wang Sizhong , Zeng Jiaxu , Chapple Cathy M , Mani Ramakrishnan , Ribeiro Daniel C 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMobilisation with movement (MWM) is commonly used for treating patients with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP). However, the evidence supporting MWM efficacy for improving shoulder range of motion (ROM) and pain in patients with RCRSP is limited. It is also unclear whether higher volume MWM leads to better clinical outcomes compared with lower volume MWM in patients with RCRSP. The primary aim of this study is to assess the effect of MWM on the angular onset of pain during shoulder abduction in patients with RCRSP.Methods and analysisSixty participants with RCRSP will be randomised to receive either MWM or sham MWM intervention. The primary outcome is the angular onset of pain during shoulder abduction, and secondary outcomes are pain intensity at the angular onset of pain during shoulder abduction, maximum shoulder ROM, pain intensity during maximum shoulder abduction, pressure pain threshold, mechanical temporal summation, global rating of change scale (GROC) and Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF). The angular onset of pain and the pain intensity at that range will be assessed at baseline, after 1 set and 3 sets of 10 repetitions of MWM or sham MWM. The GROC will be measured immediately after receiving 3 sets of interventions and on day 3 after interventions. The BPI-SF will be measured on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after interventions. Other secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline and after 3 sets of interventions. A linear mixed effects model with a random intercept will be used to compare changes in the outcome measures between MWM and sham MWM interventions.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the University of Otago Ethics Committee (Ref. H21/117). Findings from this study will be disseminated through presentations at international and national conferences and will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberACTRN 12621001723875.
Industry views of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy: a thematic analysis of elite interviews with food and drink industry professionals, 2018–2020
Authors: Jones Catrin P , Forde Hannah , Penney Tarra L , van Tulleken Dolly , Cummins Steven , Adams Jean , Law Cherry , Rutter Harry , Smith Richard , White Martin 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThe UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL), implemented in 2018, has been successful in reducing the sugar content and purchasing of soft drinks, with limited financial impact on industry. Understanding the views of food and drink industry professionals involved in reacting to the SDIL is important for policymaking. However, their perceptions of the challenges of implementation and strategic responses are unknown. The aim of this study, therefore, was to explore how senior food and drink industry professionals viewed the SDIL.DesignWe undertook a qualitative descriptive study using elite interviews. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis, taking an inductive exploratory and descriptive approach not informed by prior theory or frameworks.Setting and participantsInterviews were conducted via telephone with 14 senior professionals working in the food and drink industry.ResultsFive main themes were identified:(1) a level playing field…for some; industry accepted the SDIL as an attempt to create a level playing field but due to the exclusion of milk-based drinks, this was viewed as inadequate,(2) complex to implement, but no lasting negative effects; the SDIL was complex, expensive and time consuming to implement, with industry responses dependent on leadership buy-in,(3) why us?—the SDIL unfairly targets the drinks industry; soft drinks are an unfair target when other categories also contain high sugar,(4) the consumer is king; consumers were a key focus of the industry response to this policy and(5) the future of the SDIL; there appeared to be a wider ripple effect, which primed industry to prepare for future regulation in support of health and environmental sustainability.ConclusionsInsights from senior food and drink industry professionals illustrate how sugar-sweetened beverage taxes might be successfully implemented and improve understanding of industry responses to taxes and other food and drink policies.Trial registration numberISRCTN18042742.
Use of a context-specific package to increase sputum smear monitoring among people with pulmonary tuberculosis in Uganda: a quality improvement study
Authors: Adrawa Norbert , Ongiro Simon , Lotee Kizito , Seret Jacob , Adeke Mary , Izudi Jonathan 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPeople with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (BC-PTB) require sputum smear monitoring (SSM) to ascertain response to anti-TB treatment and cure from TB disease. We aimed to increase SSM at 2, 5 and 6 months among people with BC-PTB from the baseline (March to July 2021) of 68%, 37% and 39%, respectively, to 90% in February 2022 by implementing a context-specific improvement package at a rural health facility in northeastern Uganda.MethodsWe designed a continuous quality improvement (CQI) study for people with BC-PTB, developed and tested an improvement package that consisted of the following context-specific measures: (1) line listing of all eligible persons for SSM; (2) use of reminder stickers to identify eligible persons for SSM; (3) use of community health workers to conduct home visits for people with missed clinic visits; and (4) integration of SSM into community-based ART points for distant persons. We implemented the measures using the plan-do-study-act cycle and tracked the progress in SSM through monthly data reviews and analyses.ResultsSSM at 2 months improved from 68% (17/25) at the baseline to 74% (32/43) during phase I (p=0.818) and then to 94% (17/18) during phase II (p=0.562). SSM at 5 months improved from 37% (11/29) at the baseline to 82% (41/50) during phase I (p=0.094) and then to 100% (10/10) during phase II (p=0.688). SSM at 6 months improved from 39% (9/23) at the baseline to 59% (28/39) during phase I (p=0.189) and then to 100% (12/12) during phase II (p=0.487).ConclusionThe use of a context-relevant CQI package was accompanied by improved SSM at 2, 5 and 6 months among people with BC-PTB. Trends are encouraging but this should be considered as preliminary report because of limited numbers. These data can inform the design of a fully powered randomised controlled trial.
Common contributing factors of diagnostic error: A retrospective analysis of 109 serious adverse event reports from Dutch hospitals
Authors: Hooftman Jacky , Dijkstra Aart Cornelis , Suurmeijer Ilse , van der Bij Akke , Paap Ellen , Zwaan Laura 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAlthough diagnostic errors have gained renewed focus within the patient safety domain, measuring them remains a challenge. They are often measured using methods that lack information on decision-making processes given by involved physicians (eg, record reviews). The current study analyses serious adverse event (SAE) reports from Dutch hospitals to identify common contributing factors of diagnostic errors in hospital medicine. These reports are the results of thorough investigations by highly trained, independent hospital committees into the causes of SAEs. The reports include information from involved healthcare professionals and patients or family obtained through interviews.MethodsAll 71 Dutch hospitals were invited to participate in this study. Participating hospitals were asked to send four diagnostic SAE reports of their hospital. Researchers applied the Safer Dx Instrument, a Generic Analysis Framework, the Diagnostic Error Evaluation and Research (DEER) taxonomy and the Eindhoven Classification Model (ECM) to analyse reports.ResultsThirty-one hospitals submitted 109 eligible reports. Diagnostic errors most often occurred in the diagnostic testing, assessment and follow-up phases according to the DEER taxonomy. The ECM showed human errors as the most common contributing factor, especially relating to communication of results, task planning and execution, and knowledge. Combining the most common DEER subcategories and the most common ECM classes showed that clinical reasoning errors resulted from failures in knowledge, and task planning and execution. Follow-up errors and errors with communication of test results resulted from failures in coordination and monitoring, often accompanied by usability issues in electronic health record design and missing protocols.DiscussionDiagnostic errors occurred in every hospital type, in different specialties and with different care teams. While clinical reasoning errors remain a common problem, often caused by knowledge and skill gaps, other frequent errors in communication of test results and follow-up require different improvement measures (eg, improving technological systems).
High levels of high-sensitivity C reactive protein to albumin ratio can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Yang Xuemei , Yang Xiaoli , Yang Jingtao , Wen Xinran , Wu Shouling , Cui Liufu 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe high levels of C reactive protein (CRP) to albumin ratio (CAR) is thought to increase the risk of poor outcomes for cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between CAR and CVD in the Chinese community population has not been investigated.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between CAR and CVD in the Chinese community population.MethodsA total of 62 067 participants without a history of CVD or cancer were included in this study. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to calculate the cumulative incidence of endpoint events in CAR quartile groups, and the results were tested by log-rank test. Fine-Gray model was used to analyse the competing risk of death. C-index, Net Reclassification Index (NRI) and Integrated Discrimination Improvement Index (IDI) of different indicators were calculated to distinguish the predictive performance of different indicators.ResultsDuring an average follow-up period of 10.3±2.1 years, 4025 participants developed CVD. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, compared with Q1 group, model 3 showed that the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval (95%CI)) of CVD in Q4 group was 1.26 (1.15 to 1.38) (p<0.01), and the HR (95% CI) per 1 SD increase was 1.06 (1.03 to 1.08) (p<0.01). The C-index, continuous NRI and IDI for predicting 10-year CVD were 73.48%, 0.1366 (0.1049 to 0.1684) (p<0.01) and 0.0002 (0.0001 to 0.0004) (p<0.01), respectively, which were higher than those of hs-CRP (C-index:0.7344, NRI:0.0711, IDI: 0.0001) and albumin (C-index:0.7339, NRI: −0.0090, IDI: 0.0000).ConclusionHigh levels of CAR can increase the risk of CVD and the predictive performance of CAR for CVD is better than that of hs-CRP or albumin alone.
Consultant-led UK paediatric palliative care services: professional configuration, services, funding
Authors: Bedendo Andre , Hinde Sebastian , Beresford Bryony , Papworth Andrew , Phillips Bob , Vasudevan Chakrapani , McLorie Emma , Walker Gabriella , Peat George , Weatherly Helen , Feltbower Richard , Hewitt Catherine , Haynes Andrew , Murtagh Fliss , Noyes Jane , Hackett Julia , Hain Richard , Oddie Sam , Subramanian Gayathri , Fraser Lorna 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo systematically gather information on the professional team members, services provided, funding sources and population served for all consultant-led specialised paediatric palliative care (SPPC) teams in the UK.MethodsTwo-part online survey.ResultsSurvey 1: All 17 medical leads from hospital-based or hospice-based SPPC teams responded to the survey (100% response rate).Only six services met the NICE guidance for minimum SPPC team.All services reported providing symptom management, specialist nursing care, end-of-life planning and care, and supporting discharges and transfers to home or hospice for the child’s final days-hours. Most services also provided care coordination (n=14), bereavement support (n=13), clinical psychology (n=10) and social work-welfare support (n=9). Thirteen had one or more posts partially or fully funded by a charity.Survey 2: Nine finance leads provided detailed resource/funding information, finding a range of statutory and charity funding sources. Only one of the National Health Service (NHS)-based services fully funded by the NHS.ConclusionsOne-third of services met the minimum criteria of professional team as defined by NICE. Most services relied on charity funding to fund part or all of one professional post and only one NHS-based service received all its funding directly from the NHS.
Unified inflation and dark energy with accelerated particle holographic model
Authors: Fazlollahi H. R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper and in the follows of the holographic approach to describe the primary acceleration and the late-time acceleration eras, we have considered and unified inflation and dark energy while accelerated particle holographic (APHM) density is used (Fazlollahi in Chin Phys C 47:035101, 2023). As discussed, establishing holographic model for constant roll inflation during the very early Universe leads one to explicit form of Hubble parameter which satisfies inflationary era. The validity of such holographic constant roll inflation with respect to the Planck data puts a certain bound on the infrared cut-off at the time of horizon crossing. Beside the mere inflation, the Hubble parameter gives explicit form for density of accelerated particle holographic model. It is shown such density due to inflationary bound condition on infrared cut-off could present late-time acceleration epoch. Consequently, inflation and late time expansion era unified in unique infrared cut-off model. Moreover, such corresponding fractional density gives more matter regimes during matter era. Nevertheless, studying matter structure formation during matter era reveals the model is not in conflict with$${\Lambda }$$ΛCDM model.
Near-Optimal Time–Energy Tradeoffs for Deterministic Leader Election
Authors: Chang Yi-Jun , Duan Ran , Jiang Shunhua 
Published: August 2023

We consider the energy complexity of the leader election problem in the single-hop radio network model, where each device
v
has a unique identifier
ID
(
v
) ∈{ 1, 2, ⋖ ,
N
} . Energy is a scarce resource for small battery-powered devices. For such devices, most of the energy is often spent on communication, not on computation. To approximate the actual energy cost, the energy complexity of an algorithm is defined as the maximum over all devices of the number of time slots where the device transmits or listens.

Much progress has been made in understanding the energy complexity of leader election in radio networks, but very little is known about the tradeoff between time and energy. Chang et al. [STOC 2017] showed that the optimal deterministic energy complexity of leader election is Θ (log log
N
) if each device can simultaneously transmit and listen but still leaving the problem of determining the optimal time complexity under any given energy constraint.

Time–energy tradeoff:
For any
k
≥ log log
N
, we show that a leader among at most
n
devices can be elected deterministically in
O
(
k
ċ
n
1+ε
) +
O
(
k
ċ
N
1/k
) time and
O
(
k
) energy if each device can simultaneously transmit and listen, where ε > 0 is any small constant. This improves upon the previous
O
(
N
)-time
O
(log log
N
)-energy algorithm by Chang et al. [STOC 2017]. We provide lower bounds to show that the time–energy tradeoff of our algorithm is near-optimal.

Dense instances:
For the dense instances where the number of devices is
n
= Θ (
N
), we design a deterministic leader election algorithm using only
O
(1) energy. This improves upon the
O
(log*
N
)-energy algorithm by Jurdziński, Kutyłowski, and Zatopiański [PODC 2002] and the
O
(α (
N
))-energy algorithm by Chang et al. [STOC 2017]. More specifically, we show that the optimal deterministic energy complexity of leader election is

\(\Theta (\max \lbrace 1, \log \tfrac{N}{n}\rbrace)\)

if each device cannot simultaneously transmit and listen, and it is

\(&#x0398; (\max \lbrace 1, \log \log \tfrac{N}{n}\rbrace)\)

if each device can simultaneously transmit and listen.
The IGF2BP3–COPS7B Axis Facilitates mRNA Translation to Drive Colorectal Cancer Progression
Authors: Tang Jing , Wang Shuoshuo , Weng Mingjiao , Guo Qingyu , Ren Lili , He Yan , Cui Zihan , Cong Mingqi , Qin Minglu , Yu Jia , Su Rui , Li Xiaobo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Many studies have provided valuable information about genomic and transcriptomic changes that occur in colorectal cancer. However, protein abundance cannot be reliably predicted by DNA alteration or mRNA expression, which can be partially attributed to posttranscriptional and/or translational regulation of gene expression. In this study, we identified increased translational efficiency (TE) as a hallmark of colorectal cancer by evaluating the transcriptomic and proteomic features of patients with colorectal cancer, along with comparative transcriptomic and ribosome-protected mRNA analysis in colon epithelial cells and colon cancer cells. COP9 signalosome subunit 7B (COPS7B) was among the key genes that consistently showed both significant TE increase and protein elevation without transcriptional alteration in colorectal cancer. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) enhanced the TE of COPS7B mRNA to promote colorectal cancer growth and metastasis. COPS7B was found to be a component of the ribo-interactome that interacted with ribosomes to facilitate ribosome biogenesis and mRNA translation initiation. Collectively, this study revealed the proteomic features of colorectal cancer and highlighted elevated mRNA translation as a hallmark of colorectal cancer. The identification of the IGF2BP3–COPS7B axis underlying the increased protein synthesis rate in colorectal cancer provided a promising therapeutic target to treat this aggressive disease.

Significance:
Increased expression of COPS7B mediated by IGF2BP3 elevates the translational efficiency of genes enriched in mRNA translation and ribosome biogenesis pathways, promoting protein synthesis and driving progression in colorectal cancer.
Plasma Trimethylamine‐
N
‐Oxide and Incident Ischemic Stroke: The Cardiovascular Health Study and the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Lemaitre Rozenn N. , Jensen Paul N. , Wang Zeneng , Fretts Amanda M. , Sitlani Colleen M. , Nemet Ina , Sotoodehnia Nona , de Oliveira Otto Marcia C. , Zhu Weifei , Budoff Matt , Longstreth W. T. , Psaty Bruce M. , Siscovick David S. , Hazen Stanley L. , Mozaffarian Dariush 
Published: August 2023

Background

The association of circulating trimethylamine‐
N
‐oxide (TMAO) with stroke has received limited attention. To address this gap, we examined the associations of serial measures of plasma TMAO with incident ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results
We used a prospective cohort design with data pooled from 2 cohorts. The settings were the CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study), a cohort of older adults, and the MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), both in the United States. We measured plasma concentrations of TMAO at baseline and again during the follow‐up using high‐performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. We assessed the association of plasma TMAO with incident ischemic stroke using proportional hazards regression adjusted for risk factors.

The combined cohorts included 11 785 participants without a history of stroke, on average 73 (CHS) and 62 (MESA) years old at baseline, including 60% (CHS) and 53% (MESA) women. We identified 1031 total incident ischemic strokes during a median 15‐year follow‐up in the combined cohorts. In multivariable analyses, TMAO was significantly associated with incident ischemic stroke risk (hazard ratios comparing a doubling of TMAO: 1.11 [1.03–1.18],
P
=0.004). The association was linear over the range of TMAO concentrations and appeared restricted to those without diagnosed coronary heart disease. An association with hemorrhagic stroke was not found.

Conclusions
Plasma TMAO levels are associated with incident ischemic stroke in a diverse population.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00005133.
Particulate Matter Pollution Remains a Threat for Cardiovascular Health: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease 2019
Authors: Moradi Mahsa , Behnoush Amir Hossein , Abbasi‐Kangevari Mohsen , Saeedi Moghaddam Sahar , Soleimani Zahra , Esfahani Zahra , Naderian Mohammadreza , Malekpour Mohammad‐Reza , Rezaei Nazila , Keykhaei Mohammad , Khanmohammadi Shaghayegh , Tavolinejad Hamed , Rezaei Negar , Larijani Bagher , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: August 2023

Background
Particulate matter (PM) pollution is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, causing substantial disease burden and deaths worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the global burden of cardiovascular diseases attributed to PM from 1990 to 2019.

Methods and Results
We used the GBD (Global Burden of Disease) study 2019 to investigate disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and deaths attributed to PM as well as its subgroups. It was shown that all burden measures' age‐standardized rates for PM were in the same decreasing trend, with the highest decline recorded for deaths (−36.7%). However, the all‐age DALYs increased by 31%, reaching 8.9 million in 2019, to which YLLs contributed the most (8.2 million [95% uncertainty interval, 7.3 million–9.2 million]). Men had higher deaths, DALYs, and YLLs despite lower years lived with disability in 2019 compared with women. There was an 8.1% increase in the age‐standardized rate of DALYs for ambient PM; however, household air pollution from solid fuels decreased by 65.4% in the assessed period. Although higher in men, the low and high sociodemographic index regions had the highest and lowest attributed YLLs/YLDs ratio for PM pollution in 2019, respectively.

Conclusions
Although the total age‐standardized rate of DALYs for PM‐attributed cardiovascular diseases diminished from 1990 to 2019, the global burden of PM on cardiovascular diseases has increased. The differences between men and women and between regions have clinical and policy implications in global health planning toward more exact funding and resource allocation, in addition to addressing inequity in health care access.