bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GART Functions as a Novel Methyltransferase in the RUVBL1/β‐Catenin Signaling Pathway to Promote Tumor Stemness in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Tang Chao , Ke Mengying , Yu Xichao , Sun Shanliang , Luo Xian , Liu Xin , Zhou Yanyan , Wang Ze , Cui Xing , Gu Chunyan , Yang Ye 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTumor stemness is associated with the recurrence and incurability of colorectal cancer (CRC), which lacks effective therapeutic targets and drugs. Glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase (GART) fulfills an important role in numerous types of malignancies. The present study aims to identify the underlying mechanism through which GART may promote CRC stemness, as to developing novel therapeutic methods. An elevated level of GART is associated with poor outcomes in CRC patients and promotes the proliferation and migration of CRC cells. CD133+ cells with increased GART expression possess higher tumorigenic and proliferative capabilities both in vitro and in vivo. GART is identified to have a novel methyltransferase function, whose enzymatic activity center is located at the E948 site. GART also enhances the stability of RuvB‐like AAA ATPase 1 (RUVBL1) through methylating its K7 site, which consequently aberrantly activates the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway to induce tumor stemness. Pemetrexed (PEM), a compound targeting GART, combined with other chemotherapy drugs greatly suppresses tumor growth both in a PDX model and in CRC patients. The present study demonstrates a novel methyltransferase function of GART and the role of the GART/RUVBL1/β‐catenin signaling axis in promoting CRC stemness. PEM may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of CRC.
Generating Functional Multicellular Organoids from Human Placenta Villi
Authors: Huang Lijun , Tu Zhaowei , Wei Liudan , Sun Wei , Wang Yifan , Bi Shilei , He Fang , Du Lili , Chen Jingsi , Kzhyshkowska Julia , Wang Haibin , Chen Dunjin , Zhang Shuang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe interaction between trophoblasts, stroma cells, and immune cells at the maternal–fetal interface constitutes the functional units of the placenta, which is crucial for successful pregnancy outcomes. However, the investigation of this intricate interplay is restricted due to the absence of efficient experimental models. To address this challenge, a robust, reliable methodology for generating placenta villi organoids (PVOs) from early, late, or diseased pregnancies using air–liquid surface culture is developed. PVOs contain cytotrophoblasts that can self‐renew and differentiate directly, along with stromal elements that retain native immune cells. Analysis of scRNA sequencing and WES data reveals that PVOs faithfully recapitulate the cellular components and genetic alterations of the corresponding source tissue. Additionally, PVOs derived from patients with preeclampsia exhibit specific pathological features such as inflammation, antiangiogenic imbalance, and decreased syncytin expression. The PVO‐based propagation of primary placenta villi should enable a deeper investigation of placenta development and exploration of the underlying pathogenesis and therapeutics of placenta‐originated diseases.
Removal of Acid Orange G Azo Dye by Polycation‐Modified Alpha Alumina Nanoparticles
Authors: Yen Doan Thi Hai , Van Dang Long , Trang Truong Thi Thuy , Vu Thi Ngan , Le Thanh Son , Thu Nguyen Thi Minh , Nguyen Minh Ngoc , Pham Thu Thao , Yusa Shin‐ichi , Pham Tien Duc 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHighly positively charged poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PVBMA) was successfully synthesized with approximately 82% of yield. The PVBMA was characterized by the molecular weight (Mw) of 343.45 g mol−1and the molecular weight distribution, (Đ) of 2.4 by1H NMR and SEC measurements. The PVBMA was applied as an effective agent for α‐Al2O3surface modification in the adsorptive removal of the azo dye acid orange G (AOG). The AOG removal performance was significantly enhanced at all pH compared to without surface modification. The experimental parameters were optimal at pH 8, free ionic strength, 15 min of adsorption time, and 5 mg mL−1α‐Al2O3adsorbents. The AOG adsorption which was mainly controlled by the PVBMA‐AOG electrostatic attractions was better applicable to the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo‐second kinetic model. The PVBMA‐modified α‐Al2O3demonstrates a high‐performance and highly reusable adsorbent with great AOG performances of approximately 90.1% after 6 reused cycles.
Teacher autonomy: Good for pupils? Good for teachers?
Authors: Jerrim John , Morgan Andrew , Sims Sam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractShould teachers have complete autonomy over teaching methods and practices, or should some aspects of their practice be determined by school or government policy? We address this question using repeated (value‐added) maths test scores linked to rich survey data from the TALIS video study. With the possible exception of inexperienced teachers, we generally find no relationship between teacher autonomy and pupil outcomes (test scores, maths self‐efficacy or interest in maths). In partial contrast with our findings for pupil outcomes, teachers with very low levels of autonomy are more likely to report reduced job satisfaction. It may hence be that some level of restriction on teacher autonomy is justified, especially among inexperienced teachers, particularly when it represents only partial control of teachers’ approaches in the classroom and is done to introduce evidence‐based methods.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells exhibit increased mitochondrial respiration after adjuvant chemo‐ and radiotherapy for early breast cancer
Authors: Christensen Ida Bager , Abrahamsen Marie‐Louise , Ribas Lucas , Buch‐Larsen Kristian , Marina Djordje , Andersson Michael , Larsen Steen , Schwarz Peter , Dela Flemming , Gillberg Linn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdjuvant chemo‐ and radiotherapy cause cellular damage to tumorous and healthy dividing cells. Chemotherapy has been shown to cause mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction in non‐tumorous tissues, but the effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) remain unknown.AimWe aimed to investigate mitochondrial respiration of PBMCs before and after adjuvant chemo‐ and radiotherapy in postmenopausal patients with early breast cancer (EBC) and relate these to metabolic parameters of the patients.MethodsTwenty‐three postmenopausal women diagnosed with EBC were examined before and shortly after chemotherapy with (n = 18) or without (n = 5) radiotherapy. Respiration (O2 flux per million PBMCs) was assessed by high‐resolution respirometry of intact and permeabilized PBMCs. Clinical metabolic characteristics and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content of PBMCs (mtDN relative to nuclear DNA) were furthermore assessed.ResultsRespiration of intact and permeabilized PBMCs from EBC patients significantly increased with adjuvant chemo‐ and radiotherapy (p = 6 × 10−5 and p = 1 × 10−7, respectively). The oxygen flux attributed to specific mitochondrial complexes and respiratory states increased by 17–43% compared to before therapy initiation. Similarly, PBMC mtDNA content increased by 40% (p = 0.002). Leukocytes (p = 0.0001), hemoglobin (p = 0.0003), and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.003) concentrations decreased whereas triglyceride (p = 0.01) and LDL (p = 0.02) concentrations increased after treatment suggesting a worsened metabolic state. None of the metabolic parameters or the mtDNA content of PBMCs correlated significantly with PBMC respiration.ConclusionThis study shows that mitochondrial respiration and mtDNA content in circulating PBMCs increase after adjuvant chemo‐ and radiotherapy in postmenopausal patients with EBC. Besides the increased mtDNA content, a shift in PBMC subpopulation proportions towards cells relying on oxidative phosphorylation, who may be less sensitive to chemotherapy, might influence the increased mitochondrial respiration observed iafter chemotherapy.
Availability of cancer care services and the organization of care delivery at critical access hospitals
Authors: Moscovice Ira S. , Parsons Helen , Bean Nathan , Santana Xiomara , Weis Kate , Hui Jane Yuet Ching , Lahr Megan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionCritical access hospitals (CAHs) provide an opportunity to meet the needs of individuals with cancer in rural areas. Two common innovative care delivery methods include the use of traveling oncologists and teleoncology. It is important to understand the availability and organization of cancer care services in CAHs due to the growing population with cancer and expected declines in oncology workforce in rural areas.MethodsStratified random sampling was used to generate a sample of 50 CAHs from each of the four U.S. Census Bureau‐designated regions resulting in a total sample of 200 facilities. Analyses were conducted from 135 CAH respondents to understand the availability of cancer care services and organization of cancer care across CAHs.ResultsAlmost all CAHs (95%) provided at least one cancer screening or diagnostic service. Forty‐six percent of CAHs reported providing at least one component of cancer treatment (chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery) at their facility. CAHs that offered cancer treatment reported a wide range of health care staff involvement, including 34% of respondents reporting involvement of a local oncologist, 38% reporting involvement of a visiting oncologist, and 28% reporting involvement of a non‐local oncologist using telemedicine.ConclusionGrowing disparities within rural areas emphasize the importance of ensuring access to timely screening and guideline‐recommended treatment for cancer in rural communities. These data demonstrated that CAHs are addressing the growing need through a variety of approaches including the use of innovative models that utilize non‐local providers and telemedicine to expand access to crucial services for rural residents with cancer.
Fatal ascending aortic aneurysm in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report
Authors: Shahi Tejash , Ghimire Prinska , Khanal Ujjwal Prakash , Dhakal Tulsi Ram , Jha Saket 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageAortic aneurysm is a potentially life‐threatening condition with higher incidence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). Patients usually present with nonspecific symptoms and diagnosis is typically made incidentally through imaging studies. Management strategies include medical therapy to control inflammation and hypertension, surgical intervention for large or symptomatic aneursyms, and close monitoring for early detection of complications. We present a case of a 49‐year female with multiple joint pain and other nonspecific symptoms for 7 years. Anti‐ds DNA and ANA titre were significantly high and CT angiogram showed ascending aortic aneurysm measuring 5.5 cm. Conservative management was started with steroids, hydroxychloroquine, and antihypertensives, while awaiting surgery. However she suddenly collapsed, probably due to aneurysm rupture and could not be revived. Our case report therefore emphasizes the importance of close surveillance and timely intervention to minimize the morbidity and mortality in these patients.
A Microfluidic Countercurrent Reactor for Accelerating Enzymatic Reactions
Authors: Juang Duane S. , Huo Yi‐Ren , Tseng Hsin‐Kai , Chen Chih‐Chen , Hsu Chia‐Hsien , Lin Chun‐Cheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEnzymes are important catalysts in biochemical reactions with superior regio, stereo, and substrate selectivity. However, enzymatic reaction systems have drawbacks including product inhibition, difficulty recycling, and poor stability. Importantly, the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction diminishes rapidly due to product inhibition and substrate depletion, making it difficult for many enzymes to catalyze a reaction to completion. The outcome is a mixture of unreacted substrates being present in the final reaction, necessitating additional separation steps that increase costs. This study presents a microfluidic reactor for accelerating enzyme catalyzed reactions using a countercurrent design that continuously removes products and adds fresh substrate into the reaction, allowing enzymes to operate under better reaction conditions. It demonstrates that countercurrent flow accelerates enzymatic reactions in our system up to 36 % for horseradish peroxidase and 21 % for β‐glucosidase compared to cocurrent flow, and the resulting reaction solution contains highly pure product with minimal substrate contamination.
Recent Development of External Magnetic Field Assisted Oxygen Evolution Reaction‐A Mini Review
Authors: Feng Zihang , Dai Chuanlin , Wang Haibin , Guo Rui , You Junhua , Liu Xuanwen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe environmental pollution caused by the extensive use of fossil fuels has seriously affected the living environment of human beings, and it is extremely urgent to find alternative new energy sources. Hydrogen energy is an ideal new energy, but the by‐products of traditional industrial hydrogen production will still cause pollution. Hydrogen energy prepared by electrolysis of water is green and environmentally friendly. Hydrogen production by electrolysis of water consists of two half‐reactions. Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) on the anode is hindered by thermodynamics and kinetics and the required applied voltage is far greater than the theoretical value. The voltage required for the reaction can be reduced by using catalysts, and different catalysts behave differently. At present, many strategies such as element doping, heterojunction construction, and substrate loading has been used to optimize catalysts, and excellent results have been achieved. However, with a large number of explorations, the optimization of traditional modification strategies has fallen into a bottleneck. It is a new idea to use an external field to assist OER. It has been reported that electric field, magnetic field, gravitational field, strain, and other auxiliary OER have achieved good results. The external magnetic field can accelerate the rate of electrochemical reaction, release the adhesion of bubbles on the electrode, promote mass transfer and change the reaction path. The combination of magnetic field and electrolytic water has the advantages of simplicity, continuity, dynamics, and reversibility. This paper summarizes the recent articles on magnetic field‐assisted water electrolysis, summarizes and classifies the effects of magnetic field‐assisted water electrolysis, and puts forward some conclusions and prospects, hoping to better understand and develop the application of magnetic field in OER.
Chiral Supramolecular Assemblies: Controllable Construction and Biological Activity
Authors: He Sijia , Jiang Zichao , Dou Xiaoqiu , Gao Laiben , Feng Chuanliang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChiral supramolecular assemblies with helical structures (e. g., proteins with α‐helix, DNA with double helix, collagen with triple‐helix) as the central structure motifs in biological systems play a crucial role in various physiological activities of living organisms. Variations in chiral structure can cause many abnormal physiological activities. To gain insight into the construction, structural transition, and related physiological functions of these complex helix in natural systems, it is necessary to fabricate artificial supramolecular assemblies with controllable helix orientation as research platform. This review discusses recent advances in chiral supramolecular assembly, including the precise construction and regulation of assembled chiral nanostructures with tunable chirality. Chiral structure‐dependent biological activities, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, antibacterial activity and tissue regeneration, are also discussed. This review not only contributes to further understanding of the importance of chirality in the physiological environment, but also plays an important role in the development of chiral biomedical materials for the treatment of diseases (e. g., tissue engineering regeneration, stem cell transplantation therapy).
The role of insight, social rank, mindfulness and self‐compassion in depression following first episode psychosis
Authors: Hardman Jamie R. , Gleeson John F. M. , González‐Blanch César , Alvarez‐Jimenez Mario , Fraser Madeleine I. , Yap Keong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGaining awareness of psychosis (i.e., insight) is linked to depression, particularly in the post‐acute phase of psychosis. Informed by social rank theory, we examined whether the insight–depression relationship is explained by reduced social rank related to psychosis and whether self‐compassion (including uncompassionate self‐responding [UCS] and compassionate self‐responding [CSR]) and mindfulness buffered the relationship between social rank and depression in individuals with first episode psychosis during the post‐acute phase. Participants were 145 young people (Mage = 20.81; female = 66) with first episode psychosis approaching discharge from an early psychosis intervention centre. Questionnaires and interviews assessed insight, depressive symptoms, perceived social rank, self‐compassion, mindfulness and illness severity. Results showed that insight was not significantly associated to depression and thus no mediation analysis was conducted. However, lower perceived social rank was related to higher depression, and this relationship was moderated by self‐compassion and, more specifically, UCS. Mindfulness was related to depression but had no moderating effect on social rank and depression. Results supported previous findings that depressive symptoms are common during the post‐acute phase. The role of insight in depression for this sample is unclear and may be less important during the post‐acute phase than previously considered. Supporting social rank theory, the results suggest that low perceived social rank contributes to depression, and reducing UCS may ameliorate this effect. UCS, social rank and possibly mindfulness may be valuable intervention targets for depression intervention and prevention efforts in the recovery of psychosis.
Effect of denture cleansers on color stability and surface roughness of denture bases fabricated from three different techniques: Conventional heat‐polymerizing, CAD/CAM additive, and CAD/CAM subtractive manufacturing
Authors: Takhtdar Mehrab , Azizimoghadam Nahid , Kalantari Mohammad Hasan , Mohaghegh Mina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeDenture base materials are commonly exposed to different denture cleansers which can affect their essential properties. This study aimed to assess the effect of denture cleansers on color stability and surface roughness of poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture bases fabricated from different techniques: Conventional heat‐polymerizing, CAD/CAM additive and CAD/CAM subtractive.Materials and MethodsIn this in vitro study, 24 disc‐shaped specimens were fabricated by the mentioned methods for each group. The initial color and surface roughness of specimens were recorded. The specimens were randomly divided into three subgroups (n = 8): a control subgroup (distilled water), and two experimental subgroups of bioactive oxygen tablet (Corega) and 1% sodium hypochlorite solution. Then they were immersed in the solutions simulating 180 days of clinical use. Color change (∆E) was measured by a spectrophotometer according to the CIE L*a*b* color space and the American National Bureau of Standards (NBS = 0.92 × ∆E). Final surface roughness was recorded by a profilometer and its change was calculated. The Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for statistical analyses (α = .05).ResultsThe conventional and CAD/CAM subtractive groups showed an increase in surface roughness following immersion in hypochlorite solution (p < .05). After immersion in the solutions, the highest surface roughness was noted in the conventional group, and the lowest in the CAD/CAM additive group. The CAD/CAM additive group experienced a significant color change in hypochlorite solution (p < .05) and showed the highest color change while the CAD/CAM subtractive group showed the lowest color change in all denture cleanser solutions.ConclusionAlthough the CAD/CAM additive denture base resins had the lowest surface roughness after exposure to denture cleanser solutions, they showed significant color change, which should be taken into account. Using hypochlorite as a denture cleanser should be cautioned due to its negative effects on the surface roughness and color stability of denture base materials.
Anthropological significance of Tilia trees in Japan
Authors: Janowski Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTilia (Malvaceae) is a genus of deciduous trees widespread in the northern hemisphere. Tilia species native to Japan include three endemic species, T. japonica, T. maximowicziana, and T. kiusiana, as well as the more widespread T. mandshurica. Other species were also introduced, the most important being T. miqueliana, brought to Japan with the arrival of Buddhism and planted on temple grounds as Bodaiju. Both historically and at present, Tilia trees are valuable to the people in Japan. Some Tilia trees are considered sacred in both Buddhism and Shinto. They are also prominent ornamental and park trees, albeit less popular in Japan than in Europe. Japanese Tilia spp. are used in the manufacturing of honey, cosmetics, lumber (especially plywood and veneers), and traditional bast cloth. Many Tilia trees are significant hubs in pollinator and mycorrhizal networks, but research on Japanese Tilia ecology is scarce. Despite their importance, Japanese Tilia trees have received less scientific attention in comparison with European Tilia species. The most striking example is T. kiusiana, with virtually no scientific literature regarding the species (save for a series of publications studying its secondary metabolites and potential medical uses). Furthermore, most published resources concerning Tilia in Japan are available only in Japanese, restricting their accessibility. This review seeks to translate, collect, and organize the information available on Japanese Tilia species. By doing so, areas are highlighted where new studies are necessary. A better understanding of these important trees would also be instrumental in their conservation.