bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissociating attentional capture from action cancellation during the inhibition of bimanual movement
Authors: Weber Simon , Salomoni Sauro E. , Kilpatrick Callum , Hinder Mark R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInhibiting ongoing responses when environmental demands change is a critical component of motor control. Experimentally, the stop signal task (SST) represents the gold standard response inhibition paradigm. However, an emerging body of evidence suggests that the SST conflates two dissociable sources of inhibition, namely an involuntarily pause associated with attentional capture and the (subsequent) voluntary cancellation of action. The extent to which these processes also occur in other response tasks is unknown. Younger n = 24 (20–35 years) and older n = 23 (60–85 years) adults completed tasks involving rapid unimanual or bimanual responses to visual stimuli. A subset of trials required cancellation of one component of an initial bimanual response (i.e., selective stop task; stop left response, continue right response) or enacting an additional response (e.g., press left button as well as right button). Critically, both tasks involved some infrequent stimuli baring no behavioral imperative (i.e., they had to be ignored). EMG recordings of voluntary responses during stopping tasks revealed bimanual covert responses (muscle activation, which was suppressed before a button press ensued), consistent with a pause process, following both stop and ignore stimuli, before the required response was subsequently enacted. Critically, we also observed the behavioral consequences of a similar involuntary pause in trials where action cancellation was not part of the response set. Notably, the period over which movements were susceptible to response delays from additional stimuli was longer for older adults than younger adults. The findings demonstrate that an involuntary attentional component of inhibition significantly contributes to action cancellation processes.
Intradialytic techniques for automatic and everyday access monitoring
Authors: Schneditz Daniel , Ribitsch Werner , Keane David F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVascular access dysfunction is associated with reduced delivery of dialysis, unplanned admissions, patient symptoms, and loss of access, making assessment of vascular access a fundamental part of routine care in dialysis. Clinical trials to predict the risk of access thrombosis based on accepted reference methods of access performance have been disappointing. Reference methods are time‐consuming, affect the delivery of dialysis, and therefore cannot repeatedly be used with every dialysis session. There is now a new focus on data continuously and regularly collected with every dialysis treatment, directly or indirectly associated with access function, and without interrupting or affecting the delivered dose of dialysis. This narrative review will focus on techniques that can be used continuously or intermittently during dialysis, taking advantage of methods integrated into the dialysis machine and which do not affect the delivery of dialysis. Examples include extracorporeal blood flow, dynamic line pressures, effective clearance, dose of delivered dialysis, and recirculation which are all routinely measured on most modern dialysis machines. Integrated information collected throughout every dialysis session and analyzed by expert systems and machine learning has the potential to improve the identification of accesses at risk of thrombosis.
Postoperative injectable opioid use and incidence of surgical site complications after use of liposomal bupivacaine in canine gastrointestinal foreign body surgery
Authors: Rahn Alexander P. , Moore George E. , Risselada Marije 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare postoperative analgesic use and postoperative complications between dogs that received liposomal bupivacaine (LB) during surgical gastrointestinal foreign body (GIFB) removal and those that did not.Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsTwo hundred five dogs.MethodsMedical records for all dogs with GIFB removal at the Purdue University Veterinary Hospital between May 2017 and August 2021 were searched. Incomplete records and dogs with less than 2 weeks’ veterinary follow up were excluded. Data collected included: patient information, time until surgery, intraoperative findings, surgical data (including perforation at time of surgery, linear vs. solid, enterotomy vs. enterectomy), use of LB (including time and manner of administration), time to extubation after surgery, in‐hospital postoperative analgesic use and duration, and postoperative complications. Fentanyl was noted as used/not used, quantified as mean hourly rate over 12 h intervals. All analyses were performed using commercial statistical software with p < .05 as the significance level.ResultsDogs that received LB were heavier (n = 65, median 28.5 kg) than those that did not (n = 140, median 24.4 kg) (p = .005). Postoperative fentanyl use (p < .05 between 13 and 72 h) and hourly rates (p < .05 between 13 and 48 h) were less, and postoperative time in the intensive care unit (ICU) (p < .001) and hospital were shorter (p < .001) in dogs receiving LB. Postoperative wound complications were seen in 7/65 dogs (10.8%, 95% CI = 4.4–21.0%) with LB and 4/140 (2.9%, 95% CI = 0.8–7.2%) without LB (p = .039).ConclusionUse of LB was associated with reduced postoperative analgesic use, and shortened ICU and hospital stay but also with wound complications.Clinical significanceCaution should be used when using LB in (clean) contaminated surgeries.
Dynamics of Cynodon dactylon and weed community composition in different cover crops in a vineyard
Authors: Recasens Jordi , Valencia‐Gredilla Francisco , Cabrera‐Pérez Carlos , Baraibar Bàrbara , Royo‐Esnal Aritz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe implementation of cover crops in vineyards is an environment‐friendly soil management technique that has several advantages, including weed suppression. The effectiveness of the management depends on the characteristics of both the weed community and the cover crop species. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the dynamics of Cynodon dactylon patches and the rest of the weed community composition under five different cover crops (four grasses and one dicotyledonous species) in a commercial vineyard in Spain: (1) the perennial Festuca arundinacea and the annual species (2) Hordeum vulgare, (3) Vulpia ciliata, (4) a mixture of Bromus species and (5) Medicago rugosa. The annual species were sown in November every year after tillage (from 2015 to 2018) and shredded in June, while F. arundinacea was sown in 2015 and shredded in June and in November every year. Results showed that cover crop species affected C. dactylon soil coverage and frequency across the field. After three seasons, F. arundinacea and H. vulgare were the best cover crops which controlled C. dactylon, resulting in the lowest weed coverage of 4.6% and 3.0% respectively. Although the expansion of the weed was restrained by cover crops, the soil tillage prior to sowing the annual species spreads the rhizomes and stolons to weed free areas of the field. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that the weed community composition varied depending on the cover crop species, revealing the importance of its management in the weed assemblage.
Dual impacts of a glycan shield on the envelope glycoprotein B of HSV-1: evasion from human antibodies
in vivo
and neurovirulence
Authors: Fukui Ayano , Maruzuru Yuhei , Ohno Shiho , Nobe Moeka , Iwata Shuji , Takeshima Kosuke , Koyanagi Naoto , Kato Akihisa , Kitazume Shinobu , Yamaguchi Yoshiki , Kawaguchi Yasushi 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Identification of the mechanisms of viral evasion from human antibodies is crucial both for understanding viral pathogenesis and for designing effective vaccines. Here we show in cell cultures that an N-glycan shield on the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) envelope glycoprotein B (gB) mediated evasion from neutralization and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity due to pooled γ-globulins derived from human blood. We also demonstrated that the presence of human γ-globulins in mice and immunity to HSV-1 induced by viral infection in mice significantly reduced replication in their eyes of a mutant virus lacking the glycosylation site but had little effect on the replication of its repaired virus. These results suggest that an N-glycan shield on a specific site of HSV-1 envelope gB mediated evasion from human antibodies
in vivo
and from HSV-1 immunity induced by viral infection
in vivo
. Notably, we also found that an N-glycan shield on a specific site of HSV-1 gB was significant for HSV-1 neurovirulence and replication in the central nervous system of naïve mice. Thus, we have identified a critical N-glycan shield on HSV-1 gB that has dual impacts, namely evasion from human antibodies
in vivo
and viral neurovirulence.

IMPORTANCE
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong latent and recurrent infections in humans. To produce recurrent infections that contribute to transmission of the virus to new human host(s), the virus must be able to evade the antibodies persisting in latently infected individuals. Here, we show that an N-glycan shield on the specific site of the envelope glycoprotein B (gB) of HSV-1 mediates evasion from pooled γ-globulins derived from human blood both in cell cultures and mice. Notably, the N-glycan shield on the specific site of gB was also significant for HSV-1 neurovirulence in naïve mice. Considering the clinical features of HSV-1 infection, these results suggest that the glycan shield not only facilitates recurrent HSV-1 infections in latently infected humans by evading antibodies but is also important for HSV-1 pathogenesis during the initial infection.
Lutetium Cyclopentadienyl Complex with the 2,6-Di-tert-Butylanthracene Dianion
Authors: Roitershtein D. M. , Lyssenko K. A. , Nifant’ev I. E. , Minyaev M. E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The reaction of 2,6-di(tert-butyl)anthracene with potassium graphite and monocyclopentadienyllutetium dichloride tetrahydrofuranate in THF gave the anthracenide complex [(η5-C5H5)Lu(η2-2,6-tBu2C14H8)(THF)2] (I), which was studied by X-ray diffraction (CCDC no. 2215512). Complex I crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P212121. The structural rigidity of the Lu(O)2Cp(anthracene) crystallographic node was demonstrated. The retention of the structure of complex I in solution was confirmed by NMR techniques.
Gender and caste inequalities in primary healthcare usage by under-5 children in rural Nepal: an iterative qualitative study into provider perspectives and the potential role of implicit bias
Authors: Joshi Saugat , Karki Alisha , Rushton Simon , Koirala Bikash , Basnet Srijana , Rijal Barsha , Karki Jiban , Pohl Gerda , Baidya Manish , Chater Tim , Green Dan , Lee Andrew 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThis study explored provider perspectives on: (1) why inequalities in health service usage persist; and (2) their knowledge and understanding of the role of patient experience and implicit bias (also referred to as unconscious bias).DesignA three stage, iterative qualitative study was conducted involving two rounds of in-depth interviews and a training session with healthcare staff. Interview transcripts were analysed using a reflexive thematic approach in relation to the study’s aims.SettingParticipants were recruited from rural hill districts (Mugu, Humla, Bajura, Gorkha and Sindhupalchok) of Nepal.ParticipantsClinical staff from 22 rural health posts.ResultsHealthcare providers had high levels of understanding of the cultural, educational and socioeconomic factors behind inequalities in healthcare usage in their communities. However, there was less knowledge and understanding of the role of patient experience—and no recognition at all of the concept of implicit bias.ConclusionIt is highly likely that implicit bias affects provider behaviours in Nepal, just as it does in other countries. However, there is currently not a culture of thinking about the patient experience and how that might impact on future usage of health services. Implicit bias training for health students and workers would help create greater awareness of unintended discriminatory behaviours. This in turn may play a part in improving patient experience and future healthcare usage, particularly among disadvantaged groups.
Behaviours that contribute to pharmacist professionalism: a scoping review
Authors: Mill Deanna , Page Amy Theresa , Johnson Jacinta , Lloyd Renae , Salter Sandra , Lee Kenneth , Seubert Liza , Clifford Rhonda Marise , D’Lima Danielle 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesClearly understanding and describing professional behaviours of pharmacists allows the profession, researchers and policy-makers to observe and monitor the professionalism of pharmacists, and design interventions to improve it where needed. The primary objective of this review was to identify which behaviours are discussed to contribute to professionalism in registered pharmacists in peer-reviewed literature. The secondary objective was to review the identified behaviours using a behavioural specification framework to understand how they are expressed.DesignA scoping literature review was conducted.Data sourcesAn electronic database search of Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, PsychArticles, Emcare and Medline limited to articles published in English from 1 January 2000 to 21 October 2022 was conducted.Eligibility criteriaEligible articles contributed behaviourally relevant content with reference to registered pharmacists’ professionalism.Data extraction and synthesisExtracted behaviourally relevant content was subject to researcher’s familiarisation, then deductive coding to one of two overarching definitions of technical or non-technical behaviour. Data were then inductively coded through assignment of a descriptive code to identify categories of professional behaviour within these two overarching types of behaviour.ResultsSeven articles were identified and included in the final analysis. From the extracted behaviourally relevant content, 18 categories of behaviours were identified. All articles identified behaviours in categories titled ‘establishes effective relationships’ and ‘complies with regulations codes and operating procedures’. Identified behaviours were often broadly described and merged with descriptions of influences on them and broader outcomes that they contribute to.ConclusionsBehaviours described to contribute to pharmacists’ professionalism in the literature are broad and non-specific.
Racism and Capitalism: A Contingent or Necessary Relationship?
Authors: Post Charles 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Anti-racist debate today remains polarised between ‘class reductionist’ (any attempt to address racial disparities reinforces capitalist class relations) and ‘liberal identity’ (disparities in racial representation can be resolved without questioning class inequality) politics. Both positions share a common perspective – racial oppression and class exploitation are the products of distinctive social dynamics whose relationship is historically contingent. This essay is an initial step toward characterising a structurally necessary relationship between capitalism and racial oppression. The essay draws upon Anwar Shaikh and Howard Botwinick’s elaboration of Marx’s political economy, and Ellen Wood’s analysis of the specificity of capitalist imperialism.
Investment Treaty Law and Matters of Recognition: Locating the Concerns of Local Communities
Authors: Perrone Nicolás M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article reconsiders the political economy of investment treaty law. It starts by focusing on the broad consensus of investors, capital-exporting and capital-importing countries, and international organizations. These constituencies diverge over matters of distribution and, to certain extent, representation. Yet, they likely agree on matters of recognition. They see many regions and local communities simply as backward or traditional. Foreign investment gets represented as a road towards modernization. However, many of the local communities disagree. Locals are not systematically opposed to investment. Rather, they are likely to have legitimate concerns beyond those of the usual constituencies of investment treaty law. They want local institutions by which to articulate their positions, and they want investment projects to be embedded within local culture and traditions. Matters of recognition complicate the job of arbitrators, calling into question whether investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) is an appropriate mechanism to govern foreign investment involving local communities.
How Australia’s Middle Power Identity Has Informed Its Behaviour at the BBNJ Negotiations
Authors: Beringen Ethan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The negotiations for a new international legally binding instrument to conserve and sustainably utilise marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) have been the subject of much analysis and commentary since their commencement. Yet there is still relatively little consideration of what can be learnt about state behaviour from the BBNJ negotiations. This article engages in an analysis of Australia’s behaviour as a case study of the often-overlooked category of middle power states. Hence, this article is envisioned as an exploratory study into middle powers in international environmental negotiations, with the goal of prompting further exploration of both the BBNJ negotiations specifically, as well as the role of different kinds of states in the creation of international environmental law. The overarching question being asked here is “How has Australia’s middle power identity informed its behaviour at the BBNJ negotiations?”
Association of hyperuricemia combined with sarcopenia on ASCVD risk
Authors: Nie Guqiao , Wan Jingjing , Jiang Lei , Zhang Meng , Yan Fengqin , Peng Wen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Hyperuricemia and sarcopenia are both strongly linked to an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and this study was designed to look into the interactive effects of hyperuricemia on ASCVD risk.

Methods
This study collected information from patients (N = 2647) who underwent health check-ups at the Health Care Building of Wuhan Union Hospital between January 2019 and December 2020. Skeletal muscle mass was measured using bioelectrical impedance methods. The Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia diagnostic criteria were used to classify patients with sarcopenia. ASCVD risk was calculated using the Framingham Heart Study, and ASCVD risk ≥ 20% was considered high risk ASCVD. IBM SPSS 25.0 and GraphPad prism 8.0 software were used for data analysis and graphing.

Results
The prevalence of hyperuricemia and sarcopenia was 23.57% and 15.34%, respectively. The occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and low HDL-Cemia was significantly higher in subjects with hyperuricemia combined with sarcopenia (OR = 1.734, 3.064, 1.61, 8.77 and 1.691 respectively, p < 0.05); Hyperuricemia and high-risk ASCVD were independently associated (OR = 1.355, 95% CI = 1.000–1.838, p = 0.04). Although there was no significant association between sarcopenia and high-risk ASCVD after controlling for confounders (OR = 1.274, 95% CI = 0.828–1.959, p = 0.271), sarcopenia combined with hyperuricemia significantly increased high-risk ASCVD (OR = 3.229, 95% CI 1.544–6.751, p = 0.002).

Conclusion
Hyperuricemia is independently associated with high-risk ASCVD; Sarcopenia and high-risk ASCVD did not show an independent relationship, but there was a synergistic effect of the two on ASCVD risk, which may imply that managing both hyperuricemia and sarcopenia may have a greater cardiovascular benefit.
Integrated analysis of intratumoral biomarker and tumor-associated macrophage to improve the prognosis prediction in cancer patients
Authors: Wang Ming-Da , Xiang Hao , Hong Tian-Yu , Mierxiati Abudurexiti , Yan Fei-Hu , Zhang Ling , Wang Chao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The lack of effective and accurate predictive indicators remains a major bottleneck for the improvement of the prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatitis B virus X (HBx) has been widely suggested as a critical pathogenic protein for HBV-driven liver carcinogenesis, while tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration is also closely related to the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. However, few studies have determined whether combining HBx expression with TAM populations could increase the accuracy of prognostic prediction for HBV-related HCC.

Methods
The study cohort enrolling 251 patients with HBV-related HCC was randomly split into a training and a validation group (ratio 1:1). The expression levels of HBx and TAM marker CD68 in HCC samples were detected by immunohistochemistry. Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox regression and Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) analysis were conducted to evaluate the prognostic significance of these indicators alone or in combination.

Results
The expression level of HBx was strongly correlated with CD68+ TAM infiltration in HCC tissues. Elevated HBx or CD68 expression indicated poorer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after hepatectomy, and both of them were independent risk factors for postoperative survival. Meanwhile, patients with both high HBx and CD68 levels had worst clinical outcomes. Moreover, integrating HBx and CD68 expression with clinical indicators (tumor size and micro-vascular invasion) showed the best prognostic potential with highest C-index value for survival predictivity, and this proposed model also performed better than several conventional classifications of HCC.

Conclusion
Combining the expression of intratumoral HBx, CD68+ TAM population and clinical variables could enable better prognostication for HBV-related HCC after hepatectomy, thus providing novel insights into developing more effective clinical prediction model based on both molecular phenotypes and tumor-immune microenvironment.
Information interaction and social support: exploring help-seeking in online communities during public health emergencies
Authors: Yang Yanni , Zhang Yue , Xiang Anling 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
During public health emergencies, online community users can obtain social support and assistance through information interaction in the online community. This study takes the COVID-19 pandemic as the context and aims to analyze the influence of user information interaction in online communities on the acquisition of social support during this public health emergency.

Methods
Data collected from help-seeking posts in the “COVID-19 Patients Help-Seeking Dialog” subforum on China’s Sina Weibo were used as the research sample. The influence of the frequency of interaction and responsiveness on help seekers’ receipt of online social support was analyzed, and the moderating effect of help seekers’ identity type and intensity of online community use was explored.

Results
The results reveal that the frequency of interaction positively impacts informational support (β = 0.367, p < 0.001) and negatively impacts emotional support (β=-0.240, p < 0.001), and the responsiveness of other users toward help-seeking posts positively impacts emotional support (β = 0.145, p < 0.01). Moreover, help seeker’s identity type and intensity of online community use significantly moderate the relationship between the frequency of interaction and the emotional support obtained by the help seeker.

Conclusions
The study highlights the impact of user information interaction on obtaining help-seeking information from online communities for social support. The initiative would facilitate the resolution of issues related to users’ information help-seeking during public health emergencies.