bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of prognostic model based on immunotherapy related genes in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Wenmiao , Liu Lei , Li HouQiang , Sha XinYu , Wang Silin , Huang Zhanghao , Zhou Youlang , Shi Jiahai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and ranks high in the list of mortality due to cancers. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of lung cancer. Despite progress in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, the prognosis of these patients remains dismal. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the predictors and treatment targets of lung cancer to provide appropriate treatments and improve patient prognosis. In this study, the gene modules related to immunotherapy were screened by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Using unsupervised clustering, patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were divided into three clusters based on the gene expression. Next, gene clustering was performed on the prognosis-related differential genes, and a six-gene prognosis model (comprising PLK1, HMMR, ANLN, SLC2A1, SFTPB, and CYP4B1) was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. Patients with LUAD were divided into two groups: high-risk and low-risk. Significant differences were found in the survival, immune cell infiltration, Tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune checkpoints, and immune microenvironment between the high- and low-risk groups. Finally, the accuracy of the prognostic model was verified in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset in patients with LUAD (GSE30219, GSE31210, GSE50081, GSE72094).
Early prediction of upper limb functioning after stroke using clinical bedside assessments: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Alt Murphy Margit , Al-Shallawi Ahmad , Sunnerhagen Katharina S. , Pandyan Anand 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarly and accurate prediction of recovery is needed to assist treatment planning and inform patient selection in clinical trials. This study aimed to develop a prediction algorithm using a set of simple early clinical bedside measures to predict upper limb capacity at 3-months post-stroke. A secondary analysis of Stroke Arm Longitudinal Study at Gothenburg University (SALGOT) included 94 adults (mean age 68 years) with upper limb impairment admitted to stroke unit). Cluster analysis was used to define the endpoint outcome strata according to the 3-months Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) scores. Modelling was carried out in a training (70%) and testing set (30%) using traditional logistic regression, random forest models. The final algorithm included 3 simple bedside tests performed 3-days post stroke: ability to grasp, to produce any measurable grip strength and abduct/elevate shoulder. An 86–94% model sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was reached for differentiation between poor, limited and good outcome. Additional measurement of grip strength at 4 weeks post-stroke and haemorrhagic stroke explained the underestimated classifications. External validation of the model is recommended. Simple bedside assessments have advantages over more lengthy and complex assessments and could thereby be integrated into routine clinical practice to aid therapy decisions, guide patient selection in clinical trials and used in data registries.
High capacity for a dietary specialist consumer population to cope with increasing cyanobacterial blooms
Authors: Ledesma Matias , Gorokhova Elena , Garbaras Andrius , Röjning Linda , Brena Beatriz , Karlson Agnes M. L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a common-garden experiment to examine the amphipod Monoporeia affinis, a key deposit-feeder in the Baltic Sea, a low diversity system offering a good model for studying local adaptations. In the northern part of this system, the seasonal development of phytoplankton is characterized by a single diatom bloom (high nutritional quality), whereas in the south, the diatom bloom is followed by a cyanobacteria bloom (low nutritional quality) during summer. Therefore, the nutrient input to the benthic system differs between the sea basins. Accordingly, the amphipod populations were expected to be dietary specialists in the north and generalists in the south. We tested this hypothesis using a combination of stable isotope tracers, trophic niche analyses, and various endpoints of growth and health status. We found that when mixed with diatomes, the toxin-producing cyanobacteria, were efficiently incorporated and used for growth by both populations. However, contrary to expectations, the feeding plasticity was more pronounced in the northern population, indicating genetically-based divergence and suggesting that these animals can develop ecological adaptations to the climate-induced northward cyanobacteria expansion in this system. These findings improve our understanding regarding possible adaptations of the deposit-feeders to increasing cyanobacteria under global warming world in both limnic and marine ecosystems. It is possible that the observed effects apply to other consumers facing altered food quality due to environmental changes.
SIRT3 activation promotes enteric neurons survival and differentiation
Authors: Balasubramaniam Arun , Li Ge , Ramanathan Anita , Mwangi Simon Musyoka , Hart C. Michael , Arbiser Jack L. , Srinivasan Shanthi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnteric neuron degeneration has been observed during aging, and in individuals with metabolic dysfunction including obesity and diabetes. Honokiol, a naturally occurring compound, is an activator of Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) that has antioxidant activity. Its role in modulating enteric neuron-specific neurodegeneration is unknown. We studied the effects of honokiol and its fluorinated analog, hexafluoro-honokiol, on enteric neuronal differentiation and survival. We used a previously established model of mouse primary enteric neuronal cells and an enteric neuronal cell line treated with palmitate (PA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and enteric neuronal cell death. The effect of honokiol and hexafluoro-honokiol was assessed on neuronal phenotype, fiber density, differentiation, and pyroptosis. Honokiol and hexafluoro-honokiol significantly increased neuronal networks and fiber density in enteric neurons and increased levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and Choline acetyltransferase mRNA. Hexafluoro-honokiol and honokiol also significantly increased SIRT3 mRNA levels and suppressed palmitate and LPS-induced neuronal pyroptosis. SIRT3 knock-down prevented the hexafluoro-honokiol mediated suppression of mitochondrial superoxide release. Our data supports a neuroprotective effect of honokiol and its derivative and these could be used as prophylactic or therapeutic agents for treating enteric neurodegeneration and associated motility disorders.
Magnetic field modulated dynamics of partial discharges in defects of high voltage insulating materials
Authors: Florkowski Marek 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents original measurement methodology and detection approach to determine the influence of the magnetic field on the partial discharge (PD) dynamics. The application areas refer to insulation systems of both grid and industrial network devices and emerging segments such as high-speed rail, electric vehicles or more electric aircrafts. Conventionally PD measurements are executed only in electric field, however the interaction of magnetic and electric fields influences the dynamics of PDs. The measurement technique allowed to detect quantitatively the effect of magnetic fields on PDs in two representative arrangements: in gaseous void in dielectric material and in corona point-plane setup. Measurements in both configurations have revealed amplification of PDs intensity. The quantitative comparison of PDs evolution in the magnetic field is a novel aspect shown in this paper. Combination of phase resolved images and time-sequence intensity diagrams obtained at magnetic field switching allowed to visualize and determine quantitatively this impact. This effect is attributed to the extension of the charged particle trajectory and the amplification of the electron energy due to acceleration. Thus, the investigated impact of a magnetic field can be perceived as an additional element that influences the PD dynamics.
Multisensory integration in humans with spinal cord injury
Authors: Vastano Roberta , Costantini Marcello , Alexander William H. , Widerstrom-Noga Eva 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough multisensory integration (MSI) has been extensively studied, the underlying mechanisms remain a topic of ongoing debate. Here we investigate these mechanisms by comparing MSI in healthy controls to a clinical population with spinal cord injury (SCI). Deafferentation following SCI induces sensorimotor impairment, which may alter the ability to synthesize cross-modal information. We applied mathematical and computational modeling to reaction time data recorded in response to temporally congruent cross-modal stimuli. We found that MSI in both SCI and healthy controls is best explained by cross-modal perceptual competition, highlighting a common competition mechanism. Relative to controls, MSI impairments in SCI participants were better explained by reduced stimulus salience leading to increased cross-modal competition. By combining traditional analyses with model-based approaches, we examine how MSI is realized during normal function, and how it is compromised in a clinical population. Our findings support future investigations identifying and rehabilitating MSI deficits in clinical disorders.
Identification of novel candidate genes and predicted miRNAs in atopic dermatitis patients by bioinformatic methods
Authors: Chen LiangHong , Qi Xin , Wang JingYu , Yin JiaLi , Sun PeiHong , Sun Yan , Wu Yan , Zhang Li , Gao XingHua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic inflammatory dermatosis with relapsing eruptions. Our study used bioinformatics to find novel candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and predicted miRNAs between AD patients and healthy controls. The Mesh term “atopic dermatitis” was retrieved to obtain DEGs in GEO datasets. DEGs between AD patients and healthy controls were analyzed using GEO2R. Overlapping DEGs between different datasets were obtained with use of Draw Venn software. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were conducted by the use of DAVID. STRING and miRWalk were used to individually analyze PPI networks, interactions of candidate genes and predicted miRNAs. A total of 571 skin samples, as retrieved from 9 databases were assessed. There were 225 overlapping DEGs between lesioned skin samples of AD patients and that of healthy controls. Nineteen nodes and 160 edges were found in the largest PPI cluster, consisting of 17 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated nodes. Two KEGG pathways were identified, including the cell cycle (CCNB1, CHEK1, BUB1B, MCM5) and p53 (CCNB1, CHEK1, GTSE1) pathways. There were 56 nodes and 100 edges obtained in the miRNA-target gene network, with has-miR-17-5p targeted to 4 genes and has-miR-106b-5p targeted to 3 genes. While these findings will require further verification as achieved with experiments involving in vivo and in vitro modles, these results provided some initial insights into dysfunctional inflammatory and immune responses associated with AD. Such information offers the potential to develop novel therapeutic targets for use in preventing and treating AD.
Spectroscopic characterization and assessment of microbiological potential of 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative showing ESIPT dual fluorescence enhanced by aggregation effects
Authors: Budziak-Wieczorek Iwona , Ślusarczyk Lidia , Myśliwa-Kurdziel Beata , Kurdziel Martyna , Srebro-Hooper Monika , Korona-Glowniak Izabela , Gagoś Mariusz , Gładyszewski Grzegorz , Stepulak Andrzej , Kluczyk Dariusz , Matwijczuk Arkadiusz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the presented study, advanced experimental techniques, including electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies [with Resonance Light Scattering (RLS)], measurements of fluorescence lifetimes in the frequency domain, calculations of dipole moment fluctuations, quantum yields, and radiative and non-radiative transfer constants, were used to characterize a selected analogue from the group of 1,3,4-thiadiazole, namely: 4-[5-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]benzene-1,3-diol (NTBD), intrinsically capable to demonstrate enol → keto excited-states intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) effects. The results of spectroscopic analyses conducted in solvent media as well as selected mixtures were complemented by considering biological properties of the derivative in question, particularly in terms of its potential microbiological activity. The compound demonstrated a dual fluorescence effect in non-polar solvents, e.g. chloroform and DMSO/H2O mixtures, while in polar solvents only a single emission maximum was detected. In the studied systems, ESIPT effects were indeed observed, as was the associated phenomenon of dual fluorescence, and, as demonstrated for the DMSO: H2O mixtures, the same could be relatively easily induced by aggregation effects related to aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Subsequently conducted quantum-chemical (TD-)DFT calculations supported further possibility of ESIPT effects. The following article provides a comprehensive description of the spectroscopic and biological properties of the analyzed 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives, highlighting its potential applicability as a very good fluorescence probes as well as a compound capable of high microbiological activity.
Plasmodium infection is associated with cross-reactive antibodies to carbohydrate epitopes on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein
Authors: Lapidus Sarah , Liu Feimei , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Dai Yile , Huck John D. , Lucas Carolina , Klein Jon , Filler Renata B. , Strine Madison S. , Sy Mouhamad , Deme Awa B. , Badiane Aida S. , Dieye Baba , Ndiaye Ibrahima Mbaye , Diedhiou Younous , Mbaye Amadou Moctar , Diagne Cheikh Tidiane , Vigan-Womas Inés , Mbengue Alassane , Sadio Bacary D. , Diagne Moussa M. , Moore Adam J. , Mangou Khadidiatou , Diallo Fatoumata , Sene Seynabou D. , Pouye Mariama N. , Faye Rokhaya , Diouf Babacar , Nery Nivison , Costa Federico , Reis Mitermayer G. , Muenker M. Catherine , Hodson Daniel Z. , Mbarga Yannick , Katz Ben Z. , Andrews Jason R. , Campbell Melissa , Srivathsan Ariktha , Kamath Kathy , Baum-Jones Elisabeth , Faye Ousmane , Sall Amadou Alpha , Vélez Juan Carlos Quintero , Cappello Michael , Wilson Michael , Ben-Mamoun Choukri , Tedder Richard , McClure Myra , Cherepanov Peter , Somé Fabrice A. , Dabiré Roch K. , Moukoko Carole Else Eboumbou , Ouédraogo Jean Bosco , Boum Yap , Shon John , Ndiaye Daouda , Wisnewski Adam , Parikh Sunil , Iwasaki Akiko , Wilen Craig B. , Ko Albert I. , Ring Aaron M. , Bei Amy K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSero-surveillance can monitor and project disease burden and risk. However, SARS-CoV-2 antibody test results can produce false positive results, limiting their efficacy as a sero-surveillance tool. False positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody results are associated with malaria exposure, and understanding this association is essential to interpret sero-surveillance results from malaria-endemic countries. Here, pre-pandemic samples from eight malaria endemic and non-endemic countries and four continents were tested by ELISA to measure SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 subunit reactivity. Individuals with acute malaria infection generated substantial SARS-CoV-2 reactivity. Cross-reactivity was not associated with reactivity to other human coronaviruses or other SARS-CoV-2 proteins, as measured by peptide and protein arrays. ELISAs with deglycosylated and desialated Spike S1 subunits revealed that cross-reactive antibodies target sialic acid on N-linked glycans of the Spike protein. The functional activity of cross-reactive antibodies measured by neutralization assays showed that cross-reactive antibodies did not neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Since routine use of glycosylated or sialated assays could result in false positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody results in malaria endemic regions, which could overestimate exposure and population-level immunity, we explored methods to increase specificity by reducing cross-reactivity. Overestimating population-level exposure to SARS-CoV-2 could lead to underestimates of risk of continued COVID-19 transmission in sub-Saharan Africa.
The impact of khat chewing on heart activity and rehabilitation therapy from khat addiction in healthy khat chewers
Authors: Kassaw Ewunate Assaye , Aboye Genet Tadesse , Yilma Daniel , Dhaba Solomon , Simegn Gizeaddis Lamesgin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractKhat is a flowering plant whose leaves and stems are chewed for excitement purposes in most of east African and Arabian countries. Khat can cause mood changes, increased alertness, hyperactivity, anxiety, elevated blood pressure, and heart diseases. However, the effect of khat on the heart has not been studied exclusively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of khat chewing on heart activity and rehabilitation therapy from khat addiction in healthy khat chewers. ECG signals were recorded from 50 subjects (25 chewers and 25 controls) before and after chewing session to investigate the effect of khat on heart activity. In addition, ECG signals from 5 subjects were recorded on the first and eightieth day of rehabilitation therapy for investigating the effect of rehabilitation from khat addiction. All the collected signals were annotated, denoised and features were extracted and analysed. After chewing khat, the average heart rate of the chewers was increased by 5.85%, with 3 subjects out of 25 were prone to tachycardia. 1.66% QRS duration and 23.56% R-peak amplitude reduction were observed after chewing session. Moreover, heart rate variability was reduced by 19.74% indicating the effect of khat on suppressing sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve actions. After rehabilitation therapy, the average heart rate was reduced by 11.66%, while heart rate variability (HRV), QRS duration, and RR interval were increased by 25%, 3.49%, and 12.53%, respectively. Statistical analysis results also confirmed that there is a significance change (p < 0.05) in ECG feature among pre- and post-chewing session. Our findings demonstrate that, khat chewing raises heart rate, lowers heart rate variability, or puts the heart under stress by lowering R-peak amplitude and QRS duration, which in turn increases the risk of premature ventricular contraction and arrhythmia. The results also show that rehabilitation therapy from khat addiction has a major impact on restoring cardiac activity to normal levels.
Receiver operating characteristic analysis using a novel combined thermal and ultrasound imaging for assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tan York Kiat , Hong Cassandra , Li HuiHua , Allen John Carson , Thumboo Julian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe aim to determine whether combined thermal and ultrasound (CTUS) imaging can identify rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with at least moderate disease activity (DAS28 > 3.2). Temperature differences of maximum (Tmax), average (Tavg) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures from a control temperature at 22 joints (bilateral hands) were summed up to derive the respective MAX, AVG and MIN per patient. MAX (PD), AVG (PD) and MIN (PD) are CTUS results derived by multiplying MAX, AVG and MIN by a factor of 2 when a patient’s total ultrasound power Doppler (PD) joint inflammation score > median score, which otherwise remained unchanged. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine whether CTUS imaging can identify patients with DAS28 > 3.2. In this cross-sectional study, 814 joints were imaged among 37 RA patients (mean disease duration, 31 months). CTUS (but not single modality) imaging parameters were all significantly greater comparing patients with DAS28 > 3.2 versus those with DAS28 ≤ 3.2 (allP < 0.01). Area under the ROC curves (AUCs) using cut-off levels of ≥ 94.5, ≥ 64.6 and ≥ 42.3 in identifying patients with DAS28 > 3.2 were 0.73 , 0.76 and 0.76 for MAX (PD), AVG (PD) and MIN (PD), respectively (with sensitivity ranging from 58 to 61% and specificity all 100%). The use of CTUS in detecting a greater severity of joint inflammation among patients with at least moderate disease activity (DAS28 > 3.2) appears promising and will require further validation in independent RA cohorts.
Nucleation of jet engine oil vapours is a large source of aviation-related ultrafine particles
Authors: Ungeheuer Florian , Caudillo Lucía , Ditas Florian , Simon Mario , van Pinxteren Dominik , Kılıç Doğuşhan , Rose Diana , Jacobi Stefan , Kürten Andreas , Curtius Joachim , Vogel Alexander L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLarge airports are a major source of ultrafine particles, which spread across densely populated residential areas, affecting air quality and human health. Jet engine lubrication oils are detectable in aviation-related ultrafine particles, however, their role in particle formation and growth remains unclear. Here we show the volatility and new-particle-formation ability of a common synthetic jet oil, and the quantified oil fraction in ambient ultrafine particles downwind of Frankfurt International Airport, Germany. We find that the oil mass fraction is largest in the smallest particles (10-18 nm) with 21% on average. Combining ambient particle-phase concentration and volatility of the jet oil compounds, we determine a lower-limit saturation ratio larger than 1 × 105 for ultra-low volatility organic compounds. This indicates that the oil is an efficient nucleation agent. Our results demonstrate that jet oil nucleation is an important mechanism that can explain the abundant observations of high number concentrations of non-refractory ultrafine particles near airports.
Identifying and evaluating barriers for the implementation of machine learning in the intensive care unit
Authors: D’Hondt Ellie , Ashby Thomas J. , Chakroun Imen , Koninckx Thomas , Wuyts Roel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite apparent promise and the availability of numerous examples in the literature, machine learning models are rarely used in practice in ICU units. This mismatch suggests that there are poorly understood barriers preventing uptake, which we aim to identify.

Methods
We begin with a qualitative study with 29 interviews of 40 Intensive Care Unit-, hospital- and MedTech company staff members. As a follow-up to the study, we attempt to quantify some of the technical issues raised. To perform experiments we selected two models based on criteria such as medical relevance. Using these models we measure the loss of performance in predictive models due to drift over time, change of available patient features, scarceness of data, and deploying a model in a different context to the one it was built in.

Results
The qualitative study confirms our assumptions on the potential of AI-driven analytics for patient care, as well as showing the prevalence and type of technical blocking factors that are responsible for its slow uptake. The experiments confirm that each of these issues can cause important loss of predictive model performance, depending on the model and the issue.

Conclusions
Based on the qualitative study and quantitative experiments we conclude that more research on practical solutions to enable AI-driven innovation in Intensive Care Units is needed. Furthermore, the general poor situation with respect to public, usable implementations of predictive models would appear to limit the possibilities for both the scientific repeatability of the underlying research and the transfer of this research into practice.