bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of lactic acid bacteria on phytate and the ensiling properties of Sorghum bicolor L. Moench
Authors: Alban Mugoti , Nation Chikumba , Anderson Munengwa , Lenin Dziwanyika 
Published: April 2023

Sorghum bicolor is known for its multiple uses and is grown for human grain and livestock feed. The study aimed at assessing the effects of incorporating Lactic Acid bacteria (LAB) on the ensiling properties of sorghum bicolor and an antinutritional factor (ANF) called phytate. Dry matter, pH, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, carbohydrates, and phytate were measured as indices of the grain ferment value from January to August. A feed nutrient quality evaluation was conducted with 3 treatments and having 4 replications. The test was conducted using a completely random design. Laboratory analysis of the variables was done on day 6 of the experiment. Results showed that treating sorghum with LAB significantly (P0.05) affected the nitrogen-free extracts, pH, and phytate but did not however affect the dry matter, crude fiber, crude protein, and ash content (P0.05). There was a significant (p0.05) decrease in phytate and nitrogen-free extracts for the LAB-treated sorghum as compared to non-LAB-treated sorghum. Ash content was significantly lower (p0.05) in LAB-treated sorghum and interestingly higher in non-LAB-treated sorghum. The study showed that treating sorghum with LAB significantly reduces phytate levels in feed and has little effect on the nutrient status of the feed.Keywords: Sorghum, Proximate, Phytate, LAB-treated
Spatial and multilevel analysis of sanitation service access and related factors among households in Ethiopia: Using 2019 Ethiopian national dataset
Authors: Demsash Addisalem Workie , Tegegne Masresha Derese , Wubante Sisay Maru , Walle Agmasie Damtew , Donacho Dereje Oljira , Senishaw Andualem Fentahun , Emanu Milkias Dugassa , Melaku Mequannent Sharew 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundBillions of people have faced the problem of accessing appropriate sanitation services. This study aimed to explore the spatial distribution of households’ access to sanitation services and identify associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodsThe 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey data was used with a total of 6261 weighted samples. A cross-sectional study design with a two-stage cluster sampling technique was used. Global Moran’s I statistic measure, Getis-Ord Gi*, and the ordinary Kriging Gaussian interpolation were used for spatial autocorrelation, hot spot analysis, and interpolation of unsampled areas, respectively. A purely spatial Bernoulli-based model was employed to determine the geographical locations of the most likely clusters. A multilevel logistic regression model was used, and predictors with a P value of less than 0.05 with a 95% CI were considered significant factors.ResultsOverall, 19.7% of households had access to improved sanitation services in Ethiopia. Poor sanitation service access was significantly clustered, with hotspots of poor access identified in the South Nations Nationality and People’s Region (SNNPR), Oromia, Amhara, and Benishangul Gumuz regions. A total of 275 significant clusters were identified. Households in the circled area were more vulnerable to poor sanitation service access. Rural households, on-premises water access, media exposure, and rich wealth status were statistically significant factors for access to sanitation services.ConclusionsAccess to sanitation services among households in Ethiopia is insufficient. The majority of the households had no access to sanitation services. Stakeholders are recommended to raise household members’ awareness of sanitation services, give priority to the hotspot areas, and encourage poor households to have access to toilet facilities. Household members recommended using the available sanitation service and keeping the sanitation service clean. Households are recommended to construct clean shared sanitation facilities.
Schistosomiasis screening in non-endemic countries from a cost perspective: Knowledge gaps and research priorities. The case of African long-term residents in a Metropolitan Area, Spain
Authors: Roure Sílvia , López Francesc , Oliva Irene , Pérez-Quílez Olga , March Oriol , Chamorro Anna , Abad Elena , Muñoz Israel López , Castillo Amaia , Soldevila Laura , Valerio Lluís , Lozano Manolo , Masnou Helena , Oliveira Mario , Cañas Laura , Gibrat Mireia , Chuecos Marta , Montero Juan José , Colmenares Karen , Falguera Gemma , Bonet Josep Maria , Isnard Mar , Prat Núria , Estrada Oriol , Clotet Bonaventura , Vallès Xavier 
Published: April 2023

Background
Imported schistosomiasis is an emerging issue in European countries as a result of growing global migration from schistosomiasis-endemic countries, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa. Undetected infection may lead to serious long-term complications with an associated high cost for public healthcare systems especially among long-term migrants.

Objective
To evaluate from a health economics perspective the introduction of schistosomiasis screening programs in non-endemic countries with high prevalence of long-term migrants.

Methodology
We calculated the costs associated with three approaches—presumptive treatment, test-and-treat and watchful waiting—under different scenarios of prevalence, treatment efficacy and the cost of care resulting from long-term morbidity. Costs were estimated for our study area, in which there are reported to reside 74,000 individuals who have been exposed to the infection. Additionally, we methodically reviewed the potential factors that could affect the cost/benefit ratio of a schistosomiasis screening program and need therefore to be ascertained.

Results
Assuming a 24% prevalence of schistosomiasis in the exposed population and 100% treatment efficacy, the estimated associated cost per infected person of a watchful waiting strategy would be €2,424, that of a presumptive treatment strategy would be €970 and that of a test-and-treat strategy would be €360. The difference in averted costs between test-and-treat and watchful waiting strategies ranges from nearly €60 million in scenarios of high prevalence and treatment efficacy, to a neutral costs ratio when these parameters are halved. However, there are important gaps in our understanding of issues such as the efficacy of treatment in infected long-term residents, the natural history of schistosomiasis in long-term migrants and the feasibility of screening programs.

Conclusion
Our results support the roll-out of a schistosomiasis screening program based on a test-and-treat strategy from a health economics perspective under the most likely projected scenarios, but important knowledge gaps should be addressed for a more accurate estimations among long-term migrants.
Medico-economic comparison of two anticoagulant treatment strategies: Vitamin K antagonists vs. direct oral anticoagulants in older adults in nursing homes in France. The “MIKADO” study
Authors: Pisica–Donose George , Piccoli Matthieu , Genet Bastien , Bouee Stéphane , Berechet Stefan , Berechet Ion , Cortes Antonin Dacasa , Atsamena Sabri , Bayle Catherine , Badescu Mihai , Catelain François , Kermeche Lynda , Merlier Isabelle , Rakotoniary Sahondranirina , Savin Valérie , Vidal Ariane , Vidal Jean-Sébastien , Hanon Olivier 
Published: April 2023

Objectives
Currently, two classes of oral anticoagulants are available in nursing home residents: vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). DOACs have a higher net clinical benefit than VKAs but DOACs are about 10 times more expensive than VKAs. The objective of our study was to assess and compare the overall costs of anti-coagulant strategy (VKA or DOAC), i.e., including drugs, laboratory costs and time spent in human capital (nurses and medical time) in nursing homes in France.

Methods
This was an observational, multicenter, prospective study including nine nursing homes in France. Among these nursing homes, 241 patients aged 75 years and older and treated with VKA (n = 140) or DOAC (n = 101) therapy accepted to participate in the study.

Results
During the 3-month follow-up period, the adjusted mean costs per patient were higher for VKA than DOACs for nurse care (€327 (57) vs. €154 (56), p<.0001) for general practitioner care (€297 (91) vs. €204 (91), p = 0.02), for coordinating physicians care (€13 (7) vs. €5 (7), p < 0.07), for laboratory tests (€23 (5) vs. €5 (5), p<.0001), but were lower for drug costs (€8 (3) vs. €165 (3), p<.0001). The average overall cost for 3 months per patient was €668 (140) with VKA vs. €533 (139) with DOAC (p = 0.02).

Conclusion
Our study showed that in nursing homes despite a higher drug cost, DOAC therapy is associated with a lower total cost and less time used by nurses and physicians for drug monitoring when compared to VKA.
Antimicrobial efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum strain against the B. cereus, B. subtilis, S. aureus and E.coli strains
Authors: Akhtar Samreen , Nawaz Syed Kashif 
Published: April 2023

The current study aimed to detect the antimicrobial effect of cell free supernatant (CFS) of Lactobacillus plantarum strain against Gram +ve and Gram –ve bacterial strains. The strain of Lactobacillus plantarum was isolated using selective media MRS agar. The strain was characterized on the basis of the gram staining, colony morphology, the biochemical tests and the DNA sequencing based method of 16S ribotyping. A total of four test strains (The three already isolated and reported strains (E.coli, S. aureus and B. subtilis) and the one recently identified novel strain (B. cereus) were used for the analysis of antagonistic activity of bacteriocin produced by L. plantarum strain. The CFS of L. plantarum showed zone of inhibition against all the test strains (Gram +ve and Gram –ve bacteria). The conditions favoring the growth of bacteria were associated with the antimicrobial efficacy of CFS. Bacteriocin activity of CFS remained effective after exposure to temperature stress. Wide range of antagonistic potential of CFS of L. plantarum provides an alternative for antibiotics in pharmaceutical industry. Heat resistant feature of bacteriocin suggests its application in food industry.
Sexual Harassment In Education Institutions: College Students’ Sexually Abused Experience and Its Impact On Their Lives
Authors: Mahmudah Umi , Fatimah Siti 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman pelecehan seksual yang dialami oleh mahasiswa pada saat mereka masih anak-anak. Penelitian menitikberatkan pada pengalaman pelecehan seksual mereka di sekolah. Pendekatan mixed-method digunakan. Teknik pengambilan data kualitatif dilakukan dengan wawancara sedangkan data kuantitatif diperoleh dari distribusi angket. Sebanyak 240 mahasiswa di dua universitas di Jawa Tengah dianalisis. Teknik analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menggambarkan pengalaman pelecehan seksual mereka. Kemudian, metoderegresi digunakan untuk menganalisis relasi antara pengetahuan dan pengalaman tersebut terhadap dampak-dampak negatif yang mungkin menyertainya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa yang dilecehkan secara seksual ketika mereka masih anak-anak adalah tinggi, terutama anak perempuan. Pelaku pelecehan seksual sebagian besar dilakukan oleh guru. Namun tetangga, teman, dan keluarga juga berpotensi menjadi pelaku. Dampak yang paling besar adalah secara psikologis, yaitu ketakutan yang tidak wajar, depresi, depresi, dan trauma. Hasil juga mengemukakan bahwa pengetahuan dan pengalaman dilecehkan seksual oleh korban menyebabkan berbagai dampak negatif.
[This study aims to explore the experiences of college students' sexual abuse when they were children. The research focuses on their experiences of sexual harassment at school. A mixed-method approach is used. The qualitative data collection technique is carried out by interview while the quantitative data are obtained from the distribution of questionnaires. A total of 240 students at two universities in Central Java are analyzed. Descriptive analysis techniques are used to describe their experiences of sexual harassment. Then, the regression method is used to analyze the relationship between knowledge and experience against the negative impacts that may accompany it. The results show that students who are sexually abused when they are children are high, especially girls. Most of the perpetrators of sexual harassment were teachers. However, neighbors, friends, and family are also potential perpetrators. The biggest impact is psychological, namely unnatural fear, depression, depression, and trauma. The results also reveal that the knowledge and experience of being sexually abused have various negative impacts.]
Evaluation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol equations by cross-platform assessment of accuracy-based EQA data against SI-traceable reference value
Authors: Tan Hwee Tong , Yong Sharon , Liu Hong , Liu Qinde , Teo Tang Lin , Sethi Sunil Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) is the primary cholesterol target for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although beta-quantitation (BQ) is the gold standard to determine LDLC levels accurately, many clinical laboratories apply the Friedewald equation to calculate LDLC. As LDLC is an important risk factor for CVD, we evaluated the accuracy of Friedewald and alternative equations (Martin/Hopkins and Sampson) for LDLC.

Methods
We calculated LDLC based on three equations (Friedewald, Martin/Hopkins and Sampson) using the total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) in commutable serum samples measured by clinical laboratories participating in the Health Sciences Authority (HSA) external quality assessment (EQA) programme over a 5 years period (number of datasets, n=345). LDLC calculated from the equations were comparatively evaluated against the reference values, determined from BQ-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) with traceability to the International System of Units (SI).

Results
Among the three equations, Martin/Hopkins equation derived LDLC had the best linearity against direct measured (y=1.141x − 14.403; R2=0.8626) and traceable LDLC (y=1.1692x − 22.137; R2=0.9638). Martin/Hopkins equation (R2=0.9638) had the strongest R2 in association with traceable LDLC compared with the Friedewald (R2=0.9262) and Sampson (R2=0.9447) equation. The discordance with traceable LDLC was the lowest in Martin/Hopkins (median=−0.725%, IQR=6.914%) as compared to Friedewald (median=−4.094%, IQR=10.305%) and Sampson equation (median=−1.389%, IQR=9.972%). Martin/Hopkins was found to result in the lowest number of misclassifications, whereas Friedewald had the most numbers of misclassification. Samples with high TG, low HDLC and high LDLC had no misclassification by Martin/Hopkins equation, but Friedewald equation resulted in ∼50% misclassification in these samples.

Conclusions
The Martin/Hopkins equation was found to achieve better agreement with the LDLC reference values as compared to Friedewald and Sampson equations, especially in samples with high TG and low HDLC. Martin/Hopkins derived LDLC also enabled a more accurate classification of LDLC levels.
Some reflections on Sharifian’s approach to cultural linguistics
Authors: Shahi Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe relation between language, culture and cognition has attracted the attention of many scholars from various fields of study. Cultural Linguistics, as a multidisciplinary area of research that investigates the interrelationship between language and cultural conceptualizations, has managed to attract researchers from around the world. Drawing on different methodological approaches, researchers have employed its analytical and theoretical framework in a wide range of languages to look into the relationship between cultural cognition and language. In this article, after a brief introduction of Cultural Linguistics and its theoretical and analytical framework, some thoughts about several current issues in Cultural Linguistics are shared, including the lack of clarity of some terms, the relation between values and cultural conceptualizations, the interconnected nature of theoretical and analytical tools, the universality and variation of conceptualizations, some methodological issues in research, and globalization, politics and reconceptualization. This article hopes to encourage constructive discussions on these issues in Cultural Linguistics.
A facile preparation of graphene hydrogel-supported bimetallic RuM (M: Co, Ni, Cu) nanoparticles as catalysts in the hydrogen generation from ammonia borane
Authors: Zaier Ibtihel , Eroglu Zafer , Metin Önder 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The synthesis of ultrafine well-dispersed bimetallic RuM (M: Co, Ni, Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) supported on graphene hydrogel (GH) was accomplished by a novel one-pot wet-chemical protocol that comprised the hydrothermal reduction of the mixture of graphene oxide and metal precursors by ethylene glycol (EG) in a Teflon-coated stainless-steel reactor at 180 °C. In this study, for the first time, we report the synthesis of bimetallic RuM NPs anchored on GH during the hydrothermal production of GH from graphene oxide (GH-RuM) and the catalysis of the yielded GH-Ru in the hydrolysis of ammonia borane (AB). As-synthesized GH-RuM (M: Co, Ni, Cu) nanocatalysts were characterized by using many advanced instrumental techniques including TEM, XRD, XPS, and ICP-MS. The bimetallic catalysts denoted as GH-Ru20Co80, GH-Ru30Ni70 and GH-Ru10Cu90 exhibited much higher catalytic activity compared to their Ru, Co, Ni and Cu monometallic counterparts in the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB. The catalytic performance of as-prepared NPs in terms of hydrogen generation rate (HGR) was achieved in the order of RuCo > RuNi > RuCu and the highest HGR calculated for the catalyst GH-Ru20Co80 reached 8911.5 mL H2 gcat
−1 min−1 at room temperature with an activation energy of 52.5 kJ mol−1.
Effects of a Short-Term Detraining Period on the Strength Deficit and Functional Performance of Highly Trained Soccer Players
Authors: Loturco Irineu , Grazioli Rafael , Veeck Filipe , Nakamura Fabio Y. , Inácio Martinho , Schons Pedro , Preissler Artur , Pinto Ronei S. , Pereira Lucas A. , McGuigan Michael R. , Cadore Eduardo L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Loturco, I, Grazioli, R, Veeck, F, Nakamura, FY, Inácio, M, Schons, P, Preissler, A, Pinto, RS, Pereira, LA, McGuigan, MR, and Cadore, EL. Effects of a short-term detraining period on the strength deficit and functional performance of highly trained soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2058–2063, 2023—The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 4-week detraining period on the neuromuscular performance of highly trained soccer players. Pre and post detraining, 18 adult soccer players (age: 27 ± 4.9 years; height: 180.2 ± 7.1 cm; body mass [BM]: 78.9 ± 7.6 kg) performed vertical jumps, 20-m linear sprints, curve sprint and change of direction speed tests, and a progressive loading test in the half-squat exercise with loads corresponding to 50, 100, and 150% of the players' BM to assess the peak-force (PF), mean power (MP), and strength-deficit (SDef). Pre and post differences in the variables of interest were analyzed using paired t-tests and effect sizes (ES). No significant changes were detected for vertical jumping height and sprint times. Higher PF at 50 and 100% BM and lower SDef were shown when comparing pre- and postassessments (ES = 0.66, 0.68, 0.55; p = 0.018, 0.016, and 0.046, respectively). The MP at 50 and 100% BM increased significantly after the detraining phase (ES = 0.56, 0.82; p = 0.049 and 0.007, respectively). The results indicate that these athletes were able to maintain and achieve satisfactory levels of performance after a short period of training cessation. Interestingly, some strength- and power-derived parameters improved significantly after short-term detraining, which may have important implications for training programs aimed at maximizing speed and power performance. It is recommended that coaches test their players not only at the beginning but also at the end of the season, to better evaluate variations in performance and thus create more efficient and tailored training strategies.
Beta Oscillations in Monkey Striatum Encode Reward Prediction Error Signals
Authors: Basanisi Ruggero , Marche Kevin , Combrisson Etienne , Apicella Paul , Brovelli Andrea 
Published: April 2023

Reward prediction error (RPE) signals are crucial for reinforcement learning and decision-making as they quantify the mismatch between predicted and obtained rewards. RPE signals are encoded in the neural activity of multiple brain areas, such as midbrain dopaminergic neurons, prefrontal cortex, and striatum. However, it remains unclear how these signals are expressed through anatomically and functionally distinct subregions of the striatum. In the current study, we examined to which extent RPE signals are represented across different striatal regions. To do so, we recorded local field potentials (LFPs) in sensorimotor, associative, and limbic striatal territories of two male rhesus monkeys performing a free-choice probabilistic learning task. The trial-by-trial evolution of RPE during task performance was estimated using a reinforcement learning model fitted on monkeys' choice behavior. Overall, we found that changes in beta band oscillations (15–35 Hz), after the outcome of the animal's choice, are consistent with RPE encoding. Moreover, we provide evidence that the signals related to RPE are more strongly represented in the ventral (limbic) than dorsal (sensorimotor and associative) part of the striatum. To conclude, our results suggest a relationship between striatal beta oscillations and the evaluation of outcomes based on RPE signals and highlight a major contribution of the ventral striatum to the updating of learning processes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTReward prediction error (RPE) signals are crucial for reinforcement learning and decision-making as they quantify the mismatch between predicted and obtained rewards. Current models suggest that RPE signals are encoded in the neural activity of multiple brain areas, including the midbrain dopaminergic neurons, prefrontal cortex and striatum. However, it remains elusive whether RPEs recruit anatomically and functionally distinct subregions of the striatum. Our study provides evidence that RPE-related modulations in local field potential (LFP) power are dominant in the striatum. In particular, they are stronger in the rostro-ventral rather than the caudo-dorsal striatum. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of striatal territories in reward-based learning and may be relevant for neuropsychiatric and neurologic diseases that affect striatal circuits.