bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From delay to diagnosis: Chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis presenting with facial and orbital complications
Authors: Suri Abhinav , Fortes Precious , Chan Benjamin H. , Sachs Carolyn J. 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageEarly identification and management of chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (CIFRS) is key to optimizing outcomes. A missed diagnosis can result in permanent vision loss, chronic facial pain, or death. We present a case of CIFRS and literature review.AbstractThis case report presents a 56‐year‐old female with CIFRS involving orbital and facial complications. The patient experienced delayed diagnosis despite multiple ED visits for sinusitis with progressive facial pain and ocular deficits not alleviated with antibiotics, emphasizing the importance of early identification and maintaining high clinical suspicion for CIFRS. Prompt recognition, initiation of antifungal therapy, and aggressive surgical debridement were crucial for preventing disease progression and improving the patient's quality of life.
Integrated Structures of Silicon/CNTs/Graphite Composite as an Advanced Li‐Metal‐Free Anode for Li‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Nulu Arunakumari , Nulu Venugopal , Sohn Keun Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSilicon (Si) is considered an alternative anode material for Li‐S batteries considering its high theoretical capacity of 3590 mAh g−1 at room temperature, and advantageous to avoid unfavorable Li metal anode, which forms dendrites during the cell charging and discharging process causes short circuits. Here in this study, we have prepared a nanocomposite anode comprising Si nanoparticles, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs), and graphite (G) by low‐temperature annealing approach and studied their electrochemical characteristics by combining with sulfur cathodes into Si‐S full cells in ether‐based liquid electrolytes. The prepared Si‐S battery system exhibits stable electrochemical properties with long cycle life. The fabricated full cell delivered specific capacities of 328 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, and 243 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C, with calculated energy densities of 542 and 473 Wh kg−1, respectively, without any cell failure. These results indicate that the integration of Si, MCNTs, and G is a promising approach to avoiding Li‐metal anodes and achieving high and stable capacities for Li‐S batteries.
The impact of blinding on trial results: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pitre Tyler , Kirsh Sarah , Jassal Tanvir , Anderson Mason , Padoan Adelia , Xiang Alexander , Mah Jasmine , Zeraatkar Dena 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlinding—the concealment of the arm to which participants have been randomized—is an important consideration for assessing the risk of bias of randomized trials. A growing body of evidence has, however, yielded inconsistent results on whether trials without blinding produce biased findings.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the evidence addressing whether trials with and without blinding produce different results.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Reviews, JBI EBP, and Web of Science, from inception to May 2022, for studies comparing the results of trials with and without blinding. Pairs of reviewers, working independently and in duplicate, reviewed search results for eligible studies and extracted data. We pooled the results of studies comparing trials with and without blinding of patients, healthcare providers/investigators, and outcome assessors/adjudicators using frequentist random‐effects meta‐analyses. We coded study results such that a ratio of odds ratio < 1 and difference in standardized mean difference < 0 indicate that trials without blinding overestimate the beneficial effects of treatments.ResultsWe identified 47 eligible studies. For dichotomous outcomes, we found low certainty evidence that trials without blinding of patients and healthcare providers and trials without blinding of patients may slightly overestimate the beneficial effects of treatments. We found moderate certainty evidence that trials without blinding of outcome assessors overestimate the beneficial effects of treatments. For continuous outcomes, we found low certainty evidence that trials without blinding of patients and healthcare providers may overestimate the beneficial effects of treatments. We found moderate certainty evidence that trials without blinding of outcome assessors/adjudicators probably overestimate the beneficial effects of treatments.ConclusionOur systematic review and meta‐analysis suggest that blinding may influence trial results in select situations—although the findings are of low certainty and the magnitude of effect is modest. In the absence of high‐certainty evidence suggesting that trials with and without blinding produce similar results, investigators should be cautious about interpreting the results of trials without blinding.
Selective Chirality Transfer to the Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Anion of an Ionic Liquid
Authors: Blasius Jan , Kirchner Barbara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChirality transfer from the chiral molecule (R)‐1,2‐propylene oxide to the achiral anion of the 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid is observed. The chiral probe selectively affects one part of the binary ionic liquid, i. e., it has previously been shown experimentally and theoretically that this particular imidazolium cation can be affected by chirality transfer, but in the present system chirality is almost exclusively transferred to the anion and not to both parts of the solvent (anion and cation). This observation is of high relevance because of its selectivity and because anion effects are usually much more important in ionic liquid research than cation effects. From ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, a conformational analysis and dissected vibrational circular dichroism spectra are obtained to study the chirality transfer. While in the neat ionic liquid two mirror imaged trans conformers of the anion occur almost equally, we observe an excess of one of these conformers in the presence of the chiral solute, causing optical activity of the anion. Although the cis conformers are not tremendously affected by the chirality transfer, they gain in total population when (R)‐1,2‐propylene oxide is dissolved in the ionic liquid.
Enzyme‐Free Nucleic Acid Circuits for Fold‐Change Detection
Authors: Wang Likun , Zhao Jiayan , Xiong Xiewei , Li Li , Zhu Tong , Pei Hao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are is the collaborating group of Prof. Hao Pei and Prof. Tong Zhu at East China Normal University, China. The cover picture shows a DNA‐only dynamical system and the implementation of a fold‐change detection circuit. More information can be found in the Research Article byLikun Wang, Tong Zhu, Hao Pei, and co‐workers.
Periodontal status following orthodontic mini‐screw insertion: A prospective clinical split‐mouth study
Authors: Moeini Negar , Sabri Hamoun , Galindo‐Fernandez Pablo , Mirmohamadsadeghi Hoorieh , Valian Nasrin Keshavarz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnchorage control is one of the most important determinants of orthodontic treatments. Mini‐screws are used to achieve the desired anchorage. Despite all their advantages, there is a possibility that treatment will not be successful due to conditions related to their interaction with the periodontal tissue.ObjectiveTo evaluate the status of the periodontal tissue at the sites adjacent to the orthodontic mini‐implants.MethodsA total of 34 teeth (17 case and 17 control) in 17 orthodontic patients requiring a mini‐screw in the buccal area to proceed with their treatment were included in the study. Oral health instruction was provided to the patients prior to the intervention. In addition, scaling and root planing of the root surface were done using manual instruments and ultrasonic instruments if needed. For tooth anchorage, a mini‐screw with Elastic Chain or Coil Spring was used. The following periodontal indices were examined in the mini‐screw receiving tooth and the contralateral tooth: plaque index, pocket probing depth, attached gingiva level (AG), and gingival index. Measurements were made before the placement of the mini‐screws and 1, 2, and 3 months following that.ResultsThe results revealed a significant difference only in the amount of AG between the tooth with mini‐screw and the control tooth (p = 0.028); for other periodontal indices, there were no significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionThis study showed that periodontal indices in adjacent teeth of the mini‐screws do not change significantly compared to other teeth and mini‐screws can be used as a suitable anchorage without posing a threat to the periodontal health. Using mini‐screws is a safe intervention for orthodontic treatments.
Combining stable isotopes, trace elements, and distribution models to assess the geographic origins of migratory bats
Authors: Wieringa Jamin G. , Nagel Juliet , Campbell C. J. , Nelson David M. , Carstens Bryan C. , Gibbs H. Lisle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe expansion of industrial‐scale wind‐energy facilities has not only increased the production of low‐carbon emission energy but has also resulted in mortality of wildlife, including migratory bats. Management decisions can be limited by a lack of understanding of the geographic impact of bats killed at wind‐energy facilities. Several studies have leveraged stable hydrogen isotope ratios (δ2H) of bat fur to illuminate this issue but are limited in the precision of conclusion because δ2H values vary primarily across latitudinal and elevational bands. One approach to increase the precision of geographic assignment is to combine independent inferences about spatial location from additional biomarkers and other related information. To test this possibility, we assigned known‐origin individuals of three bat species (Lasiurus borealis,L. cinereus, andLasionycteris noctivagans) commonly killed at on‐shore wind‐energy facilities in North America to a probable origin using δ2H values, trace element concentrations, and species distribution models. We used cross‐validated calibrated combined model tuning to determine the degree to which assignment probabilities improved when combining datasets. We found that combining markers typically performed better than single approaches. ForLasiurus borealisandL. cinereus, combining all three data sources outperformed any single or other combined approach. With an accuracy set at 80%, an average of 39.7% and 36.0% of each species' total geographic range was considered a potential origin, respectively; stable hydrogen alone included 51.8% and 50.6% of the total geographic area. In contrast, forLasionycteris noctivagans, including trace elements did not increase precision and adding distribution data to δ2H values only improved precision by 0.6%. Thus, we found that a combination of multiple biomarkers typically, but not always, outperforms single‐marker approaches and optimized combinations of different markers outperform equal weighting of each marker. From a practical perspective, δ2H values performed better than trace elements alone; in cases where cost is a limiting factor, the stable hydrogen should be the single biomarker used in conjunction with species distribution models. Overall, these results highlight the importance of validating methods for each species they are applied to and show that combining information from intrinsic biomarker approaches is a useful tool to document bat movements.
Sex differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients undergoing heart transplantation
Authors: Kondziella Christoph , Fluschnik Nina , Weimann Jessica , Schrage Benedikt , Becher Peter Moritz , Memenga Felix , Bernhardt Alexander M. , Blankenberg Stefan , Reichenspurner Hermann , Kirchhof Paulus , Schnabel Renate B. , Magnussen Christina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsWhether sex affects selection for and outcomes after heart transplantation (HTx) remains unclear. We aimed to show sex differences in pre‐transplant characteristics and outcomes after HTx.Methods and resultsFrom 1995 to 2019, 49 200 HTx recipients were prospectively enrolled in the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate clinical characteristics by sex. Multivariable Cox regression models were fitted to assess sex differences in all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, graft failure, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and malignancy. In 49 200 patients (median age 55 years, interquartile range 46–62; 24.6% women), 49 732 events occurred during a median follow‐up of 8.1 years. Men were older than women, had more often ischaemic cardiomyopathy (odds ratio [OR] 3.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.11–3.42; P < 0.001), and a higher burden of cardiovascular risk factors, whereas women had less malignancies (OR 0.47, CI 0.44–0.51; P < 0.001). Men were more often treated in intensive care unit (OR 1.24, CI 1.12–1.37; P < 0.001) with a higher need for ventilatory (OR 1.24, CI 1.17–1.32; P < 0.001) or VAD (OR 1.53, CI 1.45–1.63; P < 0.001) support. After multivariable adjustment, men had a higher risk for CAV (hazard ratio [HR] 1.21, CI 1.13–1.29; P < 0.001) and malignancy (HR 1.80, CI 1.62–2.00; P < 0.001). There were no differences in all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and graft failure between sexes.ConclusionsIn this US transplant registry, men and women differed in pre‐transplant characteristics. Male sex was independently associated with incident CAV and malignancy even after multivariable adjustment. Our results underline the need for better personalized post‐HTx management and care.
Eutectic Molten Salt Synthesis of Highly Microporous Macrocyclic Porous Organic Polymers for CO2 Capture
Authors: Ashirov Timur , Puangsamlee Thamon , Robles Alexandra , Fritz Patrick W. , Piech Krzysztof , Miljanić Ognjen Š. , Coskun Ali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of porous materials is of great interest for the capture of CO2 from various emission sources, which is essential to mitigate its detrimental environmental impact. In this direction, porous organic polymers (POPs) have emerged as prime candidates owing to their structural tunability, physiochemical stability and high surface areas. In an effort to transfer an intrinsic property of a cyclotetrabenzoin‐derived macrocycle – its high CO2 affinity – into porous networks, herein we report the synthesis of three‐dimensional (3D) macrocycle‐based POPs through the polycondensation of an octaketone macrocycle with phenazine‐2,3,7,8‐tetraamine hydrochloride. This polycondensation was performed under ionothermal conditions, using a eutectic salt mixture in the temperature range of 200 to 300 °C. The resulting polymers, named 3D‐mmPOPs, showed reaction temperature‐dependent surface areas and gas uptake properties. 3D‐mmPOP‐250 synthesized at 250 °C exhibited a surface area of 752 m2 g−1 and high microporosity originating from the macrocyclic units, thus resulting in an excellent CO2 binding enthalpy of 40.6 kJ mol−1 and CO2 uptake capacity of 3.51 mmol g−1 at 273 K, 1.1 bar.
Evaluating the attitude of medical students toward the impact of social media on improving learning and increasing awareness during the Covid‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study in Iran
Authors: Gilavand Abdolreza , Fakhri Fakher , Seyedtabib Maryam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe use of social media has become an inseparable part of many students' lives. Therefore, in this research, we have tried to evaluate the attitude of medical students toward the impact of social media on improving their learning and increasing their awareness during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.Materials and MethodsThis is a descriptive correlation study that was conducted in Iran in 2021. The statistical population of this study included medical students. Finally, 260 students participated in it. A researcher‐made questionnaire was used to collect data.ResultsMost students use social media for educational purposes, including sending and sharing educational materials (42.8%), membership in study groups (42.6%), uploading educational content and presenting class topics (39.7%), chatting with students and professors (35.5%), formation of educational groups (34.2%), checking homework (32.7%), class discussion (30%), and sending and sharing photos and videos (29.5%). The most followed topics in social media by students to increase their level of awareness were respectively scientific topics not related to the field of study (46.9%), topics related to immigration (46%), cultural topics (44.2%), learning English (43.2%), academic and scientific materials related to the field of study (40.8%). Also, WhatsApp and Telegram were the most popular social media among students at the same time (58.8%). Also, students had a very positive attitude towards social media and considered them effective in improving learning and raising awareness.ConclusionIn general, the results of our study showed that social media could play an influential role in improving learning and raising the level of awareness of medical students. However, there may be problems and challenges in using these technologies, such as blocking the popular social media platform in some countries, the imposition of some restrictive government laws, low internet speed, protecting the privacy of students, professors, and so on.
Electrolyte engineering and material modification for graphite‐based lithium‐ion batteries operated at low temperature
Authors: Yin Yue , Dong Xiaoli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGraphite offers several advantages as an anode material, including its low cost, high theoretical capacity, extended lifespan, and low Li+‐intercalation potential. However, the performance of graphite‐based lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is limited at low temperatures due to several critical challenges, such as the decreased ionic conductivity of liquid electrolyte, sluggish Li+ desolvation process, poor Li+ diffusivity across the interphase layer and bulk graphite materials. Various approaches have therefore been explored to address these challenges. On the basis of graphite anode and corresponding LIBs, this review herein offers a comprehensive analysis of the latest advances in electrolyte engineering and electrode modification. First, electrolyte engineering is discussed in detail, highlighting the design of new electrolyte formula with broad liquid temperature range, optimized solvation structure, and well‐performed inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interface. The advances in material modification have been then depicted with the view of improving the solid bulk diffusion rate to show general strategies with excellent performance at low temperatures. Finally, the corresponding challenges and opportunities have also been outlined to shed light on viable strategies for developing efficient and reliable graphite anode and graphite‐based LIBs under low‐temperature scenarios.
A critical review on brain and heart axis response in COVID‐19 patients: Molecular mechanisms, mediators, biomarkers, and therapeutics
Authors: Abha Mishra KM , Podili Runesh , Pathlavath Teja S. , Sethi Kalyan K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince the outbreak of highly virulent coronaviruses, significant interest was assessed to the brain and heart axis (BHA) in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐affected patients. The majority of clinical reports accounted for unusual symptoms associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infections which are of the neurological type, such as headache, nausea, dysgeusia, anosmia, and cerebral infarction. The SARS‐CoV‐2 enters the cells through the angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE‐2) receptor. Patients with prior cardiovascular disease (CVD) have a higher risk of COVID‐19 infection and it has related to various cardiovascular (CV) complications. Infected patients with pre‐existing CVDs are also particularly exposed to critical health outcomes. Overall, COVID‐19 affected patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and exposed to stressful environmental constraints, featured with a cluster of neurological and CV complications. In this review, we summarized the main contributions in the literature on how SARS‐CoV‐2 could interfere with the BHA and its role in affecting multiorgan disorders. Specifically, the central nervous system involvement, mainly in relation to CV alterations in COVID‐19‐affected patients, is considered. This review also emphasizes the biomarkers and therapy options for COVID‐19 patients presenting with CV problems.
Cadmium influence on lipid metabolism in Sprague–Dawley rats through linoleic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways
Authors: Chen Mengyuan , Dong Jingjing , Zhao Xiaole , Yin Xiaoyao , Wu Kejia , Wang Qiao , Liu Xin , Wu Yongning , Gong Zhiyong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCadmium (Cd) is widely distributed in the environment and easy adsorbed by living organisms with adverse effects. Exposure to Cd‐contaminated food may disrupt lipid metabolism and increase human health risk. To study the perturbation effect of Cd on lipid metabolism in vivo, 24 male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned four groups and treated by Cd chloride solution (0, 1.375 mg/kg, 5.5 mg/kg, 22 mg/kg) for 14 days. The characteristic indexes of serum lipid metabolism were analyzed. Afterwards, untargeted metabolomics analysis was applied to explore the adverse effects of Cd on rats by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC‐MS). The results revealed that Cd exposure obviously decreased the average serum of triglycerides (TG) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and caused an imbalance of endogenous compounds in the 22 mg/kg Cd‐exposed group. Compared with the control group, 30 metabolites with significant differences were identified in the serum. Our results indicated that Cd caused lipid metabolic disorders in rats by disrupting linoleic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways. Furthermore, there were three kinds of remarkable differential metabolites—9Z,12Z‐octadecadienoic acid, PC(20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/0:0), and PC(15:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), which enriched the two significant metabolism pathways and could be the potential biomarkers.
Changes in clients' relational patterns with parents and therapist during psychodynamic psychotherapy: Their association and relation to treatment outcome
Authors: Abargil Maayan , Wiseman Hadas , Yonatan‐Leus Refael , Tishby Orya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to explore how changes in clients' relational patterns during psychodynamic psychotherapy relate to treatment outcomes and therapy effectiveness.MethodSeventy clients receiving psychodynamic psychotherapy in a university counseling center were interviewed three times and filled out the OQ‐45 questionnaire five times during therapy. We used the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) to study clients' relational patterns. Mixed models were used to assess the interaction between clients' CCRT intensity toward their parents and toward their therapists, treatment effectiveness, and treatment outcome.ResultsFirst, we found that clients' relational patterns with their parents correlated with relational patterns with their therapists across several time points in therapy. Then, we found significant interactions, indicating that treatment effectiveness moderates the relationship between clients' CCRT intensity and treatment outcomes.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the transference phenomenon is related to therapy outcomes differently in effective and less‐effective therapies, depending on the transference intensity. Further research is needed to expand knowledge about the intensity of transference and its possible impact on treatment choice and management.