bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel electrochemical IL-6 sensor based on Au nanoparticles-modified platinum carbon electrode
Authors: Wang Cai , Xin Dongyuan , Yue Qianwen , Wan Huiyu , Li Qian , Wang Ying , Wu Jingguo 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional polypeptide cytokine composed of two glycoprotein chains, which plays an important role in many cellular reactions, pathological processes, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and so on. The detection of IL-6 plays a promising role in the cognition of clinical diseases.Methods: 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) was immobilized on the gold nanoparticles modified platinum carbon (PC) electrode with the linker IL-6 antibody, and finally formed an electrochemical sensor that specifically recognized IL-6. Through the highly specific antigen-antibody reaction, the IL-6 concentration of the samples to be detected. The performance of the sensor was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).Results: The experimental results showed that the linear detection range of the sensor for IL-6 was 100 pg/mL–700 pg/mL and the detection limit was 3 pg/mL. In addition, the sensor had the advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity, high stability and reproducibility under the interference environment of bovine serum albumin (BSA), glutathione (GSH), glycine (Gly) and neuron specific enolase (NSE), which provided a prospect for specific antigen detection sensor.Discussion: The prepared electrochemical sensor successfully detected the content of IL-6 in standard and biological samples, showing excellent detection performance. No significant difference was found between the detection results of the sensor and that of ELISA. The sensor showed a very broad prospect in the application and detection of clinical samples.
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict mortality risk in patients with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Yang Long , Dong Xia , Abuduaini Baiheremujiang , Jiamali Nueraihemaiti , Seyiti Zulihuma , Shan Xue-Feng , Gao Xiao-Ming 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundIschemic Heart Disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death from cardiovascular disease. Currently, most studies have focused on factors influencing IDH or mortality risk, while few predictive models have been used for mortality risk in IHD patients. In this study, we constructed an effective nomogram prediction model to predict the risk of death in IHD patients by machine learning.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 1,663 patients with IHD. The data were divided into training and validation sets in a 3:1 ratio. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method was used to screen the variables to test the accuracy of the risk prediction model. Data from the training and validation sets were used to calculate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, C-index, calibration plots, and dynamic component analysis (DCA), respectively.ResultsUsing LASSO regression, we selected six representative features, age, uric acid, serum total bilirubin, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, and left ventricular ejection fraction, from 31 variables to predict the risk of death at 1, 3, and 5 years in patients with IHD, and constructed the nomogram model. In the reliability of the validated model, the C-index at 1, 3, and 5 years was 0.705 (0.658–0.751), 0.705 (0.671–0.739), and 0.694 (0.656–0.733) for the training set, respectively; the C-index at 1, 3, and 5 years based on the validation set was 0.720 (0.654–0.786), 0.708 (0.650–0.765), and 0.683 (0.613–0.754), respectively. Both the calibration plot and the DCA curve are well-behaved.ConclusionAge, uric acid, total serum bilirubin, serum albumin, alkaline phosphatase, and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly associated with the risk of death in patients with IHD. We constructed a simple nomogram model to predict the risk of death at 1, 3, and 5 years for patients with IHD. Clinicians can use this simple model to assess the prognosis of patients at the time of admission to make better clinical decisions in tertiary prevention of the disease.
Hazard assessment of potential debris flow: A case study of Shaling Gully, Lingshou County, Hebei Province, China
Authors: Wang Zhong Fu , Zhang Xu Sheng , Zhang Xu Zhu , Wu Ming Tang , Wu Bo 
Published: February 2023

The debris flows in the Taihang Mountain region in North China are basically triggered by rainstorms. Firstly, the debris flow susceptibility of the Shaling Gully, Lingshou County, Hebei Province, China was analyzed in this paper to evaluate its hazard and effect on the downstream proposed structures. Secondly, the maximum flow depth and velocity of the potential debris flow in Shaling Gully were numerically simulated based on the FLO-2D model, and the simulation results indicate that the flow depths under the 50-year and 100-year rainstorms will have some effect on the downstream proposed structures. With debris flow intensity classification, the hazard of potential debris flow in Shaling Gully was classified. According to the flow depths and velocities simulated by FLO-2D model, the ARCGIS10.8 software was adopted to optimize the hazard zones, and therefore the hazard zonation map was established. With consideration of simulation results under natural conditions and other factors such as gully feature, a 4 m high and 40 m wide retaining dam was designed. The numerical simulation results show that the retaining dam may decrease the debris flow hazard to a negligible level, which offers some beneficial reference to the subsequent engineering design for Shaling Gully.
Study on gas injection development effect of tight reservoir based on fluid occurrence state
Authors: Yishan Liu , Lin Zu , An Sheng , Yanan Hou , Yuqi Liu , Changbing Tian , Xiaohu Dong , Zhengdong Lei 
Published: February 2023

Based on the tight oil reservoir conditions of Lucaogou Formation in Jimusar Sag, Xinjiang, this paper conducts a full-scale characterization experiment of pore structure and designs the optimization numerical simulation of the development scheme based on the geological model combination with the fluid occurrence state. A comparative study on the development methods of tight reservoirs shows that the enhanced oil recovery effect of CO2 flooding is obviously better than that of CH4 flooding and water flooding. When the production bottom hole pressure is lower than the formation fluid saturation pressure, changing the production bottom hole pressure has little impact on the productivity of CO2 flooding in tight reservoirs. The recovery factor increases with the increase of injection rate, but when the injection rate is higher than 15,000 m³/d, the increase of oil recovery and the oil change rate decrease obviously; The complex fractures near the well can help to increase the swept volume of CO2 flooding, while the complex fractures far away from the well will cause channeling, which is not conducive to production. Combined with the occurrence state of the fluid, it is obtained that in the process of CO2 displacement, when the adsorption is considered, when the adsorption components are the same, with the increase of the adsorption capacity, the recovery factor decreases; When the adsorption capacity is constant, the higher the proportion of heavy components is, the lower the recovery factor is; With the increase of adsorption capacity, the permeability decreases more. The fluid occurrence state in tight oil reservoirs is very different from that in conventional reservoirs, and the adsorption phase accounts for a larger proportion, which seriously affects the flow capacity of the fluid during the development process. However, conventional numerical simulation rarely considers the influence of fluid occurrence state.
Redox-associated messenger RNAs identify novel prognostic values and influence the tumor immune microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhao Chen , Xiong Kewei , Bi Dong , Zhao Fangrui , Lan Yanfang , Jin Xiaorui , Li Xiangpan 
Published: February 2023

Background: An imbalance of redox homeostasis participates in tumorigenesis, proliferation, and metastasis, which results from the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the biological mechanism and prognostic significance of redox-associated messenger RNAs (ramRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) still remain unclear.Methods: Transcriptional profiles and clinicopathological information were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) of LUAD patients. A total of 31 overlapped ramRNAs were determined, and patients were separated into three subtypes by unsupervised consensus clustering. Biological functions and tumor immune-infiltrating levels were analyzed, and then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The TCGA cohort was divided into a training set and an internal validation set at a ratio of 6:4. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used to compute the risk score and determine the risk cutoff in the training set. Both TCGA and GEO cohort were distinguished into a high-risk or low-risk group at the median cutoff, and then, relationships of mutation characteristics, tumor stemness, immune differences, and drug sensitivity were investigated.Results: Five optimal signatures (ANLN, HLA-DQA1, RHOV, TLR2, and TYMS) were selected. Patients in the high-risk group had poorer prognosis, higher tumor mutational burden, overexpression of PD-L1, and lower immune dysfunction and exclusion score compared with the low-risk group. Cisplatin, docetaxel, and gemcitabine had significantly lower IC50 in the high-risk group.Conclusion: This study constructed a novel predictive signature of LUAD based on redox-associated genes. Risk score based on ramRNAs served as a promising biomarker for prognosis, TME, and anti-cancer therapies of LUAD.
The epidemic of the multiresistant dermatophyte Trichophyton indotineae has reached China
Authors: Jia Songgan , Long Xuemei , Hu Wei , Zhu Jiali , Jiang Yinhui , Ahmed Sarah , de Hoog G. Sybren , Liu Weida , Jiang Yanping 
Published: February 2023

Due to its high degree of natural resistance to terbinafine in vitro and its tendency to spread globally from the Indian subcontinent, the emerging dermatophyte Trichophyton indotineae has become a major concern in dermatology. Herein, we present the first report of T. indotineae from mainland China. The transmission of the fungus to Guizhou Province in central China and eventual host susceptibilities were investigated. We studied 31 strains of the T. mentagrophytes complex from outpatient clinics of our hospital collected during the past 5 years. The set comprised four ITS genotypes, two of which were T. mentagrophytes genotype VIII, now known as Trichophyton indotineae; the earliest isolation in the Guiyang area appeared to date back to 2018. The isolate was derived from an Indian patient, while local Chinese patients had no dermatophytosis caused by this genotype. Reports from around the world indicated that almost all of the globally reported T. indotineae cases originated from the Indian subcontinent and surrounding countries without transmission among native populations, suggesting deviating local conditions or racial differences in immunity against this fungus.
Primate liver tissue substrate in indirect immunofluorescence diagnostics for patients with dermatitis herpetiformis and celiac disease
Authors: Schauer Franziska , Tasiopoulou Georgia , Schuster Daniel , Behrens Max , Müller Sabine , Kiritsi Dimitra 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionDermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a rare autoimmune, polymorphous blistering disorder, characterized by severe itch or burning sensation, which represents the cutaneous manifestation of celiac disease (CD). The current estimation of DH versus CD is around 1:8 and the affected individuals have a genetic predisposition. Pathogenetically, IgA autoantibodies against the epidermal transglutaminase, an essential constituent of the epidermis, cause DH and are reported to develop through cross-reaction with the tissue transglutaminase, with IgA auto-antibodies causing CD. Immunofluorescence techniques allow for a rapid diagnostics of the disease using patient sera. Evaluation of IgA endomysial deposition with indirect immunofluorescence on monkey oesophagus is highly specific, but moderately sensitive, with some operator-dependent variability. Recently, indirect immunofluorescence with monkey liver as a substrate has been proposed as an alternative, well-functioning diagnostic approach with higher sensitivity in CD.MethodsThe objective of our study was to evaluate whether monkey oesophagus or liver tissue shows advantage for diagnostics in patients with DH, compared to CD. To that end, sera of 103 patients with DH (n=16), CD (n=67) and 20 controls ere compared by 4 blinded experienced raters.ResultsFor DH, we found a sensitivity of 94.2% for monkey liver (ML) compared to 96.2% in monkey oesophagus (ME), while specificity in ML was superior (91.6% versus 75%) to ME. In CD, ML had a sensitivity of 76.9% (ME 89.1%) and specificity of 98.3% (ME 94.1%).DiscussionOur data show that ML substrate is well suitable for DH diagnostics.
Correlative analysis from a phase I clinical trial of intrapleural administration of oncolytic vaccinia virus (Olvi-vec) in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Chintala Navin K. , Choe Jennie K. , McGee Erin , Bellis Rebecca , Saini Jasmeen K. , Banerjee Srijita , Moreira Andre L. , Zauderer Marjorie G. , Adusumilli Prasad S. , Rusch Valerie W. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe attenuated, genetically engineered vaccinia virus has been shown to be a promising oncolytic virus for the treatment of patients with solid tumors, through both direct cytotoxic and immune-activating effects. Whereas systemically administered oncolytic viruses can be neutralized by pre-existing antibodies, locoregionally administered viruses can infect tumor cells and generate immune responses. We conducted a phase I clinical trial to investigate the safety, feasibility and immune activating effects of intrapleural administration of oncolytic vaccinia virus (NCT01766739).MethodsEighteen patients with malignant pleural effusion due to either malignant pleural mesothelioma or metastatic disease (non-small cell lung cancer or breast cancer) underwent intrapleural administration of the oncolytic vaccinia virus using a dose-escalating method, following drainage of malignant pleural effusion. The primary objective of this trial was to determine a recommended dose of attenuated vaccinia virus. The secondary objectives were to assess feasibility, safety and tolerability; evaluate viral presence in the tumor and serum as well as viral shedding in pleural fluid, sputum, and urine; and evaluate anti-vaccinia virus immune response. Correlative analyses were performed on body fluids, peripheral blood, and tumor specimens obtained from pre- and post-treatment timepoints.ResultsTreatment with attenuated vaccinia virus at the dose of 1.00E+07 plaque-forming units (PFU) to 6.00E+09 PFU was feasible and safe, with no treatment-associated mortalities or dose-limiting toxicities. Vaccinia virus was detectable in tumor cells 2-5 days post-treatment, and treatment was associated with a decrease in tumor cell density and an increase in immune cell density as assessed by a pathologist blinded to the clinical observations. An increase in both effector (CD8+, NK, cytotoxic cells) and suppressor (Tregs) immune cell populations was observed following treatment. Dendritic cell and neutrophil populations were also increased, and immune effector and immune checkpoint proteins (granzyme B, perforin, PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2) and cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGFβ1 and RANTES) were upregulated.ConclusionThe intrapleural administration of oncolytic vaccinia viral therapy is safe and feasible and generates regional immune response without overt systemic symptoms.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01766739, identifier NCT01766739.
The association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of renal event: Results from the Korean cohort study for outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (KNOW-CKD)
Authors: Lee Juyeon , Bae Eun Hui , Kim Soo Wan , Chung Wookyung , Kim Yeong Hoon , Oh Yun Kyu , Kim Yong-Soo , Oh Kook-Hwan , Park Sue K. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundsSome observational studies have suggested a possible association between vitamin D deficiency and CKD. However, in most studies, the causality between low levels of vitamin D and risk of renal events could not be explained. We investigated the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and risk of severe CKD stage and renal event in a large-scale prospective cohort study.MethodsWe used data from a prospective cohort of 2,144 patients with available information on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels at baseline from KNOW-CKD, 2011-2015 were included. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25(OH)D levels &lt; 15 ng/mL. We performed a cross-sectional analysis to elucidate the relationship between 25(OH)D and CKD stage using baseline CKD patient data. We further examined a cohort analysis to clarify the association between 25(OH)D and risk of renal event. Renal event was a composite of the first occurrence of a 50% decline in eGFR from the baseline value or the onset of CKD stage 5 (initiation of dialysis or kidney transplantation) across the follow-up period. We also investigated the associations of vitamin D deficiency with risk of renal event according to diabetes and overweight status.ResultsVitamin D deficiency were significantly associated with an increased risk of severe CKD stage – 1.30-fold (95% CI: 1.10-1.69) for 25(OH)D. Deficiency of 25(OH)D with 1.64-fold (95% CI: 1.32-2.65) was related to renal event compared with the reference. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency patients with presence of DM and overweight status also displayed higher risk than non-deficient patients for risk of renal event.ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is associated with significantly increased risk of severe CKD stage and renal event.
Identification of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks in circulating exosomes as potential biomarkers for systemic sclerosis
Authors: Sun Xiaolin , Ding Tiantian , Wang Baoyue , Chang Zhifang , Fei Hongchang , Geng Lixia , Wang Yongfu 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze potential biomarkers for systemic sclerosis (SSc) by constructing lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks in circulating exosomes (cirexos).Materials and methodsDifferentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in SSc cirexos were screened using high-throughput sequencing and detected with real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using the DisGeNET, GeneCards, GSEA4.2.3, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, correlation analyses, and a double-luciferase reporter gene detection assay were used to analyze competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks and clinical data.ResultsIn this study, 286 DEmRNAs and 192 DElncRNAs were screened, of which 18 DEGs were the same as the SSc-related genes. The main SSc-related pathways included extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction, local adhesion, platelet activation, and IgA production by the intestinal immune network. A hub gene, COL1A1, was obtained by a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Four ceRNA networks were predicted through Cytoscape. The relative expression levels of COL1A1, ENST0000313807, and NON-HSAT194388.1 were significantly higher in SSc, while the relative expression levels of hsa-miR-29a-3p, hsa-miR-29b-3p, and hsa-miR-29c-3p were significantly lower in SSc (P &lt; 0.05). The ROC curve showed that the ENST00000313807-hsa-miR-29a-3p-COL1A1 network as a combined biomarker of SSc is more valuable than independent diagnosis, and that it is correlated with high-resolution CT (HRCT), Scl-70, C-reactive protein (CRP), Ro-52, IL-10, IgM, lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil percentage, albumin divided by globulin, urea, and RDW-SD (P &lt; 0.05). Double-luciferase reporter gene detection showed that ENST00000313807 interacts with hsa-miR-29a-3p, which interacts with COL1A1.ConclusionThe ENST00000313807-hsa-miR-29a-3p-COL1A1 network in plasma cirexos represents a potential combined biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SSc.
Monthly dynamics of microbial communities and variation of nitrogen-cycling genes in an industrial-scale expanded granular sludge bed reactor
Authors: Zhang Kun , Zhang Yanling , Deng Maocheng , Wang Pengcheng , Yue Xiu , Wang Pandeng , Li Wenjun 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) is a major form of anaerobic digestion system during wastewater treatment. Yet, the dynamics of microbial and viral communities and members functioning in nitrogen cycling along with monthly changing physicochemical properties have not been well elucidated.MethodsHere, by collecting the anaerobic activated sludge samples from a continuously operating industrial-scale EGSB reactor, we conducted 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenome sequencing to reveal the microbial community structure and variation with the ever-changing physicochemical properties along within a year.ResultsWe observed a clear monthly variation of microbial community structures, while COD, the ratio of volatile suspended solids (VSS) to total suspended solids (TSS) (VSS/TSS ratio), and temperature were predominant factors in shaping community dissimilarities examined by generalized boosted regression modeling (GBM) analysis. Meanwhile, a significant correlation was found between the changing physicochemical properties and microbial communities (p &lt;0.05). The alpha diversity (Chao1 and Shannon) was significantly higher (p &lt;0.05) in both winter (December, January, and February) and autumn (September, October, and November) with higher organic loading rate (OLR), higher VSS/TSS ratio, and lower temperature, resulting higher biogas production and nutrition removal efficiency. Further, 18 key genes covering nitrate reduction, denitrification, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation pathways were discovered, the total abundance of which was significantly associated with the changing environmental factors (p &lt;0.05). Among these pathways, the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia (DNRA) and denitrification had the higher abundance contributed by the top highly abundant genes narGH, nrfABCDH, and hcp. The COD, OLR, and temperature were primary factors in affecting DNRA and denitrification by GBM evaluation. Moreover, by metagenome binning, we found the DNRA populations mainly belonged to Proteobacteria, Planctomycetota, and Nitrospirae, while the denitrifying bacteria with complete denitrification performance were all Proteobacteria. Besides, we detected 3,360 non-redundant viral sequences with great novelty, in which Siphoviridae, Podoviridae, and Myoviridae were dominant viral families. Interestingly, viral communities likewise depicted clear monthly variation and had significant associations with the recovered populations (p &lt;0.05).DiscussionOur work highlights the monthly variation of microbial and viral communities during the continuous operation of EGSB affected by the predominant changing COD, OLR, and temperature, while DNRA and denitrification pathways dominated in this anaerobic system. The results also provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of the engineered system.