bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actigraphy sleep patterns in presymptomatic Alzheimer’s Disease: the potential role of neuroinflammation
Authors: Baril Andree‐Ann , Labonté Anne , Sanchez Erlan , Picard Cynthia , Duclos Catherine , Rosa‐Neto Pedro , Breitner John C.S. , Villeneuve Sylvia , Poirier Judes ,   PREVENT‐AD Research Group
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBoth short and long sleep duration have been associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). While short sleep has been hypothesized to be a risk factor promoting neurodegenerative processes. Long sleep has been viewed as a marker of ongoing neurodegeneration, potentially as a result of neuroinflammation. The objective of the study is to evaluate sleep patterns measured with actigraphy close to expected symptom onset in association with neuroinflammatory biomarkers. We leveraged the PREVENT‐AD cohort in which participants with a parental history of sporadic AD are studied before clinical onset.Method203 participants (age: 68.5±5.4 years, 151 women) free of dementia were tested with a week of actigraphy. Nighttime sleep duration, time in bed, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and number of sleep bouts were calculated using the Actiware scoring algorithm (medium threshold). The standard deviation of these characteristics was calculated across actigraphy days to assess day‐to‐day variability. Years to expected onset was calculated by the number of years remaining before the age of clinical onset of a parent, or the earliest age of clinical onset if both parents developed AD. A subset of 100 participants underwent a lumbar puncture, and IL‐6 and MCP‐1 levels were assessed using OLINK technology in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The association between sleep characteristics, years to expected onset and inflammatory markers was assessed using linear regressions adjusted for age, sex, and time interval between measurements.ResultBeing closer to expected onset was associated with longer nighttime sleep duration (b = ‐0.19, p = 0.015) and lower sleep bouts day‐to‐day variability (b = 0.17, p = 0.027). Higher CSF IL‐6 was associated with longer sleep duration and time in bed (b = 0.30, p = 0.006; b = 0.24, p = 0.028), whereas higher MCP‐1 was associated with longer nighttime sleep duration (b = 0.25, p = 0.019). Higher CSF MCP‐1 levels were associated with lower sleep bouts day‐to‐day variability and shorter sleep onset latency only in those within 10 years of expected onset (interaction p = 0.012 and 0.061; b = ‐0.31, p = 0.043; b = ‐0.31, p = 0.047).ConclusionProximity to parental onset of sporadic AD onset was associated with a longer sleep profile that is more consolidated and stable, which may be due to proinflammatory processes.
Genomic assessment of early‐onset AD identifies novel risk loci and an incomplete genetic overlap with late‐onset AD
Authors: da Fonseca Eder Lucio , Jean‐Francois Melissa , Kurup Jiji T. , Yang Chengran , Slifer Susan H. , Martin Eden R. , Kunkle Brian W. , Naj Adam C. , Farrer Lindsay A. , Haines Jonathan L. , Mayeux Richard , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Fernandez Maria Victoria , Cruchaga Carlos , Reitz Christiane , Beecham Gary W. ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC)
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly Onset Alzheimer Disease (EOAD, age at onset [AAO] < = 65) is a severe form of AD, often occurring when patients are still caring for children or adults. Despite this, most genetic studies of EOAD have focused on autosomal dominant forms, and there is little understanding of similarities and differences between early and late onset forms of AD (LOAD, [AAO]>65). To address this, we present a genome‐wide association study of non‐Mendelian EOAD and compare it to LOAD GWAS.MethodsPrimary single‐variant analyses were performed using two additive logistic regression for case‐control models (full: SNPs, PCs, sex and APOE‐ɛ4 dosage as covariates; reduced: SNPs and PCs); secondary models included PCs+sex and PCs+APOE. Models were applied on data derived from the Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC), composed by unrelated individuals. Samples varied from 1293‐1459 cases and 8894‐9366 controls for EOAD, and 8795‐9508 cases and 9702‐10273 controls for LOAD, depending on the considered model. The SNP heritability (h2) and genetic correlation (rg) were estimated using LD score regression. Gene‐based and pathway analysis (gene sets from Msigdb‐v7.0) were performed using FUMA/MAGMA‐v1.6.ResultsWe identified two novel loci associated with EOAD: Chromosome 4 (full model: chr4:102027610, P = 2.98×10−08, near PPP3CA gene) and Chromosome 12 (PCs+sex model: rs117001070, P = 2.11×10−08, intergenic between LINC02444 and LINC02882). We additionally confirmed BIN1 and APOE in the EOAD subset. Several known genes also showed a significant association with LOAD. Heritability analyses showed higher h2 values for EOAD (h2 = 0.29, 0.29, 0.29 and 0.27) than LOAD (h2 = 0.19, 0.16, 0.19, and 0.15), for full, reduced, PCs+sex and PCs+APOE models respectively. Genetic correlation showed moderate but incomplete genetic correlation between EOAD and LOAD. Other than APOE (p = 3.89×10−12), gene‐based tests showed nominal association for EOAD C8orf44‐SGK3 (p = 9.95×10−06), SGK3 (p = 2.01×10−05) and HIST1H2AC (p = 3.04×10−05), and plausible pathways such as HDL remodeling (p = 5.50×10−05) and positive regulation of cholesterol efflux (p = 9.79×10−05). These pathways were nominally associated with LOAD (p = 0.04 and p = 4.05×10−03).ConclusionsWe identified two novel loci associated to EOAD not previously reported by LOAD studies. Heritability and genetic correlation results suggest that the genetic etiology of EOAD has an incomplete genetic overlap with LOAD.
Antifungal and ultraviolet–visible barrier properties in starch films reinforced with CuO nanoparticles
Authors: Malafatti João Otávio Donizette , Domingues Marcelo Ávila , Meirelles Mariana Rodrigues , Peres Laiza Gabriela Sanches , Bresolin Joana Dias , Paris Elaine Cristina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStarch materials are subject to loss of initial characteristics due to the retrogradation degenerative effect, high hygroscopicity, and favoring the growth of the microorganisms, which reduces the shelf life of packaging. In this sense, the insertion of nanoparticulated CuO was evaluated for the best performance. CuO is a semiconductor that can improve optical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties, enabling excellent promotion of starch films. The hot injection precipitation method was used to obtain CuO nanoparticles in the nanometric scale rapidly. The films were carried out from the starch homogenization in water and urea under temperature, followed by thermopressing at 120°C. As a result, the 1% CuO (w w−1) increased tensile strength from 0.87 ± 0.40 to 1.92 ± 0.09 MPa. Furthermore, the films containing nanoparticles showed a barrier property against radiation in the ultraviolet–visible spectrum, not observed for the micrometric scale. Such results were attributed to the superior opacity of the films generated by nanometric reinforcement. Concerning antimicrobial activity, the films containing CuO showed a fungistatic effect (33%) for the Alternaria alternata fungus, a microorganism very susceptible to carbohydrate‐rich sources. Thus, the CuO‐reinforced starch films improved physicochemical and biological properties, making them promissory candidates for commercial application.
Predominant contribution of an endogenous cellulase (OlCel) to the cellulolysis in the digestive system of larvae of banana pseudostem weevil, Odoiporus longicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Bhuvaragavan Sreeramulu , Reshma Thenozhiyil , Hilda Karuppiah , Meenakumari Mani , Sruthi Kannan , Nivetha Ramanathan , Janarthanan Sundaram 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInsects have evolved with effective strategies to utilize cellulose as an energy source by possessing cellulolytic enzymes which can be used as an optimal resource in the bioenergy sector. The study was aimed at evaluating the cellulolytic enzyme in the larval gut of the banana pseudostem weevil, Odoiporus longicollis Olivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Primarily, cellulase activity was localized along the gut, in which the midgut showed the highest activity (2858 U/mg). The thermo‐tolerance of cellulase activity was found to be up to 80°C (highest at 60°C), and the enzyme was stable at a pH between 5 and 6. Various concentrations of divalent cations (CaCl2, MgCl2, and CuCl2) have differential enhancing and inhibitory effects on cellulase activity. The cellulase (OlCel) was purified using anion exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of the cellulase was determined to be 47 kDa. The physicochemical parameters of the purified enzyme were similar to that of enzyme activity of whole gut extract. Mass spectrometry results identified sequence similarities of purified cellulase to the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (GHF5) family. The gut microbial cellulase activity as exogenous source showed no competence compared with the endogenous activity.
Utilization of erythrosine B in spectrofluorimetric quenching analysis of amlodipine and perindopril in pharmaceutical and biological matrices
Authors: Badr El‐Din Khalid M. , Salem Hesham , Derayea Sayed , Abdelaziz Amany , Nagy Dalia M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA spectrofluorimetric approach that is sensitive, simple, validated, and cost‐effective has been proposed for the estimation of amlodipine (AML) and perindopril (PER) in their bulk powders, pharmaceutical formulations, and spiked human plasma. The recommended approach utilized the quantitative quenching effect of the two cited drugs on the fluorescence intensity of erythrosine B, as a result of complex binary reactions among each drug with erythrosine B at pH 3.5 (Teorell and Stenhagen buffer). The quenching of erythrosine B fluorescence was recorded at 554 nm after excitation at 527 nm. The calibration curve was detected in the range 0.25–3.0 μg ml−1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996 for AML, and 0.1–1.5 μg ml−1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996 for PER. The established spectrofluorimetric approach was validated for the estimation of the cited drugs with high sensitivity regarding International Council on Harmonization guidelines. Therefore, the established approach could be utilized for quality control of the cited drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations.
Molecular characterization ofMETfusions from a large real‐world Chinese population: A multicenter study
Authors: Xia Hui , Zhang Junhua , Chen Tong , Wang Mingzhao , Chen Dongna , Si Tongguo , Liu Yutao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeMETis a notable driver gene in the diversity of aberrations with clinical relevance, including exon 14 skipping, copy number gain, point mutations, and gene fusions. Compared with the former two,METfusions are severely under‐reported, leaving a series of unanswered questions. In this study, we addressed this gap by characterizingMETfusions in a large, real‐world Chinese cancer population.MethodsWe retrospectively included patients with solid tumors who had DNA‐based genome profiles acquired through targeted sequencing from August 2015 to May 2021.METfusion‐positive (MET+) patients were subsequently selected for clinical and molecular characterization.ResultsWe screened 79,803 patients across 27 tumor types and detected 155 putativeMETfusions from 122 patients, resulting in an overall prevalence of 0.15%. Lung cancer comprised the majority ofMET+ patients (92, 75.4%). Prevalence was markedly higher in liver cancer, biliary tract cancer, and renal cancer (range 0.52%–0.60%). It was lower in ovarian cancer (0.06%). A substantial proportion (48/58, 82.8%) of unique partners were reported for the first time. High heterogeneity was observed for partners, withST7,HLA‐DRB1, andKIF5Bas the three most common partners. Mutational landscape analysis of lung adenocarcinoma (n = 32) revealed a high prevalence ofTP53inMET+ alterations,EGFRL858R,EGFRL861Q, andMETamplification.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is currently the largest study in characterizingMETfusions. Our findings warrant that further clinical validation and mechanistic study may translate into therapeutic avenues forMET+ cancer patients.
Plasma D‐dimer and interleukin‐6 are associated with treatment response and progression‐free survival in advanced NSCLC patients on anti‐PD‐1 therapy
Authors: Chen Chong , Yin Huaru , Zhang Yu , Chen Huan , Xu Jie , Ren Li 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground/AimsResponse to therapy after using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is unpredictable due to significant interindividual variation in efficacy among advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The current study centered on the identification of perivascular blood biomarkers for predicting the effectiveness of anti‐programmed cell death protein 1 (anti‐PD‐1) treatment and progression‐free survival (PFS) in advanced NSCLC patients, that could be applied to help determine how to change treatment plans therapeutic regimens for optimizing clinical benefits.MethodsA comprehensive review of 100 advanced or recurrent NSCLC patients receiving anti‐PD‐1 therapy (Camrelizumab, pembrolizumab, sintilimab, or nivolumab) was conducted between January 2018 and April 2021 in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital. The cutoff values of D‐dimer were selected from rom our previous study, and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) was divided according to the median. Using computed tomography, tumor response was evaluated in accordance with the Response Assessment Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1.ResultsHigh IL‐6 level in advanced NSCLC patients was predictive of low efficacy and a short PFS duration after anti‐PD‐1 therapy. An increased D‐dimer value of 981 ng/mL was significantly predictive of disease progression in NSCLC patients treated with anti‐PD‐1 and high D‐dimer expression predictive of short duration of PFS. Further studies on the correlation between IL‐6, D‐dimer, and anti‐PD‐1 efficacy in NSCLC patients stratified by gender revealed that D‐dimer and IL‐6 levels were significantly associated with the risk of PFS in male patients.ConclusionsHigh IL‐6 content in peripheral blood in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer may contribute to poor anti‐PD‐1 efficacy and short duration of PFS through inducing alterations in the tumor microenvironment. D‐dimer in peripheral blood is predictive of hyperfibrinolysis and contributes to the release of tumor‐driven specific factors, leading to poor effects of anti‐PD‐1 therapy.
A placebo‐controlled randomized clinical trial of antibiotics versus probiotics as an adjuvant to nonsurgical periodontal treatment among smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis
Authors: Ghazal Mehwish , Ahmed Shahbaz , Farooqui Waqas Ahmed , Khalid Fizza , Riaz Sania , Akber Ather , Shabbir Sumaiya , Khan Farhan Raza , Sadiq Ali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundProbiotics are viable microorganisms, which if delivered in appropriate dose can provide health benefits. Lactobacillus reuteri (DM17938+ATCC PTA 5289) has been recommended as a safe choice for probiotics. The objective of this study is to compare the improvement in the periodontal parameters amongst smokers with generalized periodontitis with Stage III, Grade C treated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) to which either an antibiotics or probiotics were given as an adjuvant.MethodsSixty smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis were randomized in two groups after taking informed consent. Periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded. Group 1 received (after NSPT and oral hygiene instructions) amoxicillin and metronidazole for 7 days and a placebo for probiotics for 30 days. Group 2 was provided (after NSPT and oral hygiene instructions) with one tablet of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics (2 × 108 CFU) twice daily for 30 days and placebo antibiotics for 7 days. The periodontal parameters were recorded again at 1‐ and 3‐month follow‐ups as outcome variables. Mean, standard deviation, and confidence interval were reported using SPSS 20.0.ResultsA statistically significant clinical improvement in the PD, BOP, PI, and GI were observed in both the groups at 3‐month follow‐up. However, the AL remained unchanged in both the groups.ConclusionsAdministration of probiotics and antibiotics along with NSPT yield statistically significant differences in PD and BOP from baseline to 3‐month follow‐up. However, between the group differences were not statistically significant for the periodontal parameters (AL, PD, and BOP).
A Metallabicycle From Thiocarbonyl‐Cyclopropenium Coupling
Authors: Watson Lachlan J. , Hill Anthony F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAddition of triphenylcyclopropenium bromide to the thiocarbonyl complex [RhCl(CS)(PPh3)2] affords novel bicyclic metalla‐3‐mercapto‐thiapyrylliums [Rh(κ2‐C,S‐C5S2Ph3)(PPh3)2X2] (X=Cl, Br) – heterocycles with no metal‐free isolobal precedent. Halide abstraction with silver triflate (AgOTf) in acetonitrile affords the salt [Rh(κ2‐C,S‐C5S2Ph3)(NCMe)2(PPh3)2{Ag(OH2)2}{Ag(OTf)3}]‐OTf which in turn reacts with sodium chloride to return [Rh(κ2‐C,S‐C5S2Ph3)(PPh3)2Cl2].
Trinuclear Dy(III) Single‐Molecule Magnets with Two‐Step Relaxation
Authors: Jin Yi‐Shu , Liu Cai‐Ming , Zhang Yi‐Quan , Kou Hui‐Zhong 
Published: June 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe reaction of DyCl3⋅6H2O with a rigid diacylhydrazone ligand (H2L) afforded a trinuclear precursor [Dy3L2Cl3(H2O)2(CH3OH)]Cl2⋅3CH3OH (1). The replacement of the Cl– ions and the coordinating solvents by the aryloxides ligands (Lx)– yields three trinuclear complexes [Dy3L2(Lx)5]⋅nsol (x = 1,2‐naphthol (2); x = 2,7‐hydroxycoumarin (3); and x = 3, phenol (4)). In complexes 2—4, two end Dy3+ centers adopt almost identical N4O4 coordination sphere of D6h geometry while the central one adopts N4O5 coordination sphere in Cs geometry. Magnetic measurements reveal weak antiferromagnetic interactions in the hydrated samples 2e—4e and two‐step slow relaxation process under zero dc field with effective energy barriers Ueff of 439 and 91 K, 353 and 40 K, 466 and 89 K for SR and FR in 2e—4e, respectively. Such dynamic magnetic behaviour for 4 persists in the magnetically diluted sample of 4@Y. Complex 4 possesses the short Dy‐Oaryloxide bond distance of 2.055(18) Å, and the largest Ueff among the reported linear trinuclear dysprosium complexes. Moreover, the functionalized aryloxides ligands (Lx)– show photoluminescence via intramolecular energy transfer, making 2e—4e luminescent Dy3+ SMMs with high energy barriers.
Recent Progresses on Dopant‐Free Organic Hole Transport Materials toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells†
Authors: Xie Gang , Chen Jintao , Li Huiyu , Yu Jianxin , Yin Haoran , Wang Zhiping , Huang Yaoyao , Feng Chuizheng , Pan Yang , Liang Aihui , Chen Yiwang 
Published: June 2023

Comprehensive SummaryAs the third generation new battery, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 25.8% currently certified, which fully shows that they have great research value and development prospect. As one of the main components of high‐efficiency PSCs, hole transport materials (HTMs) play an important role in extracting and transporting holes and inhibiting charge recombination. However, commonly used HTMs require doping, and the hygroscopicity and corrosiveness of the dopants will destroy the stability of PSCs and hinder their commercialization. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop dopant‐free HTMs. In this review, the dopant‐free HTMs in recent six years are reviewed and summarized systematically, including organic small molecules, polymers and cross‐linkable materials. We focus on the design of the molecular cores and discuss their structure–property correlation, conductivity, and photovoltaic performance. Finally, how to design an ideal HTM is summarized. We hope that this review can provide reference for the development of low‐cost and dopant‐free HTMs to prepare efficient and stable PSCs.
The role of dimers in complex forming reactions at low temperature: full dimension potential and dynamics of (H2CO)2+OH reaction
Authors: del Mazo‐Sevillano Pablo , Aguado Alfredo , Zanchet Alexandre , Roncero Octavio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe (H
CO)
+OH and H
CO‐OH+H
CO reaction dynamics are studied theoretically for temperatures below 300 K. For this purpose, a full dimension potential energy surface is built, which reproduces well accurate ab initio calculations. The potential presents a submerged reaction barrier, as an example of the catalytic effect induced by the presence of the third molecule. However, quasi‐classical and ring polymer molecular dynamics calculations show that the dominant channel is the dimer‐exchange mechanism below 200 K, and that the reactive rate constant tends to stabilize at low temperatures, because the effective dipole of either dimer is reduced with respect to that of formaldehyde alone. The reaction complex formed at low temperatures does not live long enough to produce complete energy relaxation, as assumed in statistical theories. These results show that the reactivity of the dimers cannot explain the large rate constants measured at temperatures below 100 K.
Mechanochromic Polymers Based on Mechanophores
Authors: Huang Yinliang , Huang Shuai , Li Quan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, diverse stimuli‐responsive allochroic materials have rapidly been developed, and smart materials with mechanochromic properties in particular have received increasing attention. This is because force fields have the advantage of being large and controllable compared to other stimulation modalities. Mechanochromic polymers mainly convert mechanical force signals into optical signals, which makes them suitable for applications in bionic actuators, encryption, and signal sensing. In this review, we summarize recent research progress in the design and development of mechanochromic polymers that are classified into two categories. The first category comprises those based on mechanophores that are physically dispersed in polymer matrices in the form of supramolecular aggregates. The second category comprises those based on mechanophores that are covalently linked to polymer networks. We focus on the working mechanisms of the mechanophores and their potential applications, which include damage monitoring and signal sensing.
No evidence of light inhibition on aerobic methanotrophs in coastal sediments using eDNA and eRNA
Authors: Broman Elias , Barua Rinti , Donald Daniel , Roth Florian , Humborg Christoph , Norkko Alf , Jilbert Tom , Bonaglia Stefano , Nascimento Francisco J. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is estimated that up to half of global methane (CH4) emissions are derived from microbial processes in aquatic ecosystems. However, it is not fully understood which factors explain the spatial and temporal variability of these emissions. For example, light has previously been shown to both inhibit and stimulate aerobic methane‐oxidizing bacteria (i.e., methanotrophs) in the water column. These contrasting results indicate that the mechanisms that light has on CH4 oxidation are not yet clearly known, even less so for benthic aerobic methanotrophs. Here, we tested whether light reaching the seafloor can inhibit methanotrophic activity on the sediment surface. We sampled and distributed over 40 intact sediment cores from two coastal sites (illuminated 10 m, and a dark site at 33 m water depth) into 0, 50, and 100 PAR light treatments. After 10 days, we found no difference between treatments for each site in pore‐water CH4 concentrations, relative abundance of aerobic methanotrophs, or the number of RNA transcripts related to methane oxidation. Our results suggest that light attenuation in coastal waters does not significantly affect aerobic methanotrophs in coastal sediments.