bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of 10% NaCl on basic carbon structural P235TR2 steel at 10oC
Authors: Lipinski Tomasz , Pietraszak Jacek 
Published: June 2023

Metal alloys working in real conditions are exposed to aggressive environments. The degree of aggressiveness of the environment may vary. Therefore, various construction materials are used to build machines and devices. One of the groups of materials widely used in industry are low-carbon steels. They owe their popularity mainly to the low price and relatively good technological and functional properties. These steels usually work in a low-aggressive environment. Pipelines are a typical application for low carbon steels. Pipelines are protected from corrosion on the outside, while the inside (working side) is not protected. One of the media in the pipelines is a liquid with a low concentration of NaCl. Pipelines are usually located underground, so their operating temperature is almost constant in the annual cycle and amounts to approx. 10 °C. Taking the above into account, tests were carried out on one of the most frequently used steel grades, P235TR2, for the construction of pipelines. The tests were carried out at a temperature of 10 °C in a 10% NaCl aqueous solution. After preparation, the samples were soaked in a corrosive solution for up to 432 hours. Corrosion loss was determined by the gravimetric method. Relative corrosion and corrosion rate of steel in the tested medium were calculated. On the basis of the tests carried out, it was found that P235TR2 steel has good corrosion resistance in the environment of 10% NaCl at 10 °C. The corrosion was divided into two stages. In the first, a slow progress of the corrosion process was noted, in the second, a gradual increase in the corrosion rate was noted. The increase in the corrosion rate is the result of the surface development that occurs as a result of corrosion. With the possibility of contact of the corrosive medium with a larger surface, even with the constant impact of the corrosive agent, there is a greater corrosion loss, which translates into an increase in the rate of corrosion.
Increasing accuracy of measuring functioning parameters of agricultural units
Authors: Antoshchenkov Roman , Antoshchenkova Vitalina , Kis Viktor , Smitskov Dmytro 
Published: June 2023

The paper substantiates the ways of increasing the accuracy of measuring the parameters of agricultural units (AU) functioning. It has been noted that agricultural machines and units work in conditions of vibrations and noises created by the environment and technological tools. Features of the movement of these systems and their compliance with their functional purpose are factors that determine the degree of perfection of AU. The study of the dynamics of AU operation requires new research methods and means, therefore a measuring system of the dynamics and energy of mobile machines was created. Increasing the accuracy of measuring parameters of AU operation is achieved by substantiating the data processing algorithm of the sensors of the measuring system. The main component of the measurement system is an inertial measurement unit (IMU), which consists of an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer. It was established that the signal measured by IMU consists of four components: real acceleration; angles of inclination of the AU element relative to the horizon; vibration and inherent noise of the sensor. The IMU installed on the tractor frame determined that the main spectrum of oscillations is in the range from 0 to 3 Hz. The maximum vibration energy corresponds to a frequency of 0.4 Hz. The second harmonic of the oscillations is at a frequency of 25 Hz for the three axes of the accelerometer. An algorithm for data processing by the measuring system has been developed, including processing with the Butterworth filter, compensation of centrifugal velocities, tilt angles, free fall acceleration. The Butterworth low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 3 Hz was used to compensate for the real acceleration. The speed and position data of the GPS receiver included in the measuring system must be processed by the Butterworth frequency filter with a cut-off frequency of 1 Hz. It was determined that the maximum traction power of the tractor is 108.0 kW. It was established that the power determined by the measuring system due to acceleration and data processing by the developed method is 101.3 kW. The error of measuring the traction power of the tractor is 6.2%.
Biogas potential from co-fermentation of food leftovers and lignocellulosic biomass at mesophilic temperatures
Authors: Straume Indulis , Plume Imants , Dubrovskis Vilis , Dreimanis Viktors , Zukovskis Eriks 
Published: June 2023

Every year, large amounts of food leftovers are thrown away in catering establishments and households. Industry and agriculture produce lignocellulosic residues, including paper dust and willow biomass, which cause environmental problems if not properly disposed of. The aim of this study is to investigate the biogas and biomethane yields of these biomasses during anaerobic co-fermentation under mesophilic conditions. Biogas yields were determined by co-fermentation of food (hospital canteen, cafeteria, and household) residues and lignocellulosic (paper dust and shredded willow) biomass in a number of 0.72 L bioreactors. All bioreactors were divided into groups having the same content in reactors within each group to ensure the reliability of the results. Groups of bioreactors used for anaerobic fermentation were inoculums (0.5 L) only, inoculums with individual biomass, and inoculums with mixture of two or more biomass. Bioreactors were placed in three different thermostats with 16 bioreactors in each thermostat. Single fill batch anaerobic fermentation (AF) process was provided at 28, 33 and 38 °C. Individual reactor groups were equipped with graphite electrodes connected to DC voltage of 0.7 V. The biogas released in the bioreactor was collected into a gas bag outside the reactor. AF was maintained until gas emission ceased. The highest biogas yield in the AF process was obtained from the bioreactors at a temperature of 38 °C and the lowest at a temperature of 28 °C. Co-fermentation of biomass increased biogas and methane yields compared to AF treatment of individual biomasses. Exposure to the electric field decreased the methane yield. The energy balance on the AF process with the application of the electric field should be calculated by considering also the energy of hydrogen released from substrates with electrodes installed.
Use of accumulated solar thermal energy in greenhouse for extending vegetation period of crop plants
Authors: Rucins Adolfs , Viesturs Dainis , Narvils Maris , Ivanovs Semjons , Auce Agris 
Published: June 2023

The consumption of thermal energy for growing vegetables in greenhouses depending on the type of energy resource can make up to 40-60% of the production cost structure, so solutions to reduce it are pressing. Research on possibilities to accumulate thermal energy and extend the growing period was conducted in an experimental greenhouse with created gravel thermal mass for thermal energy accumulation in the hot periods and its recovery in the cool periods. The air delivery to the thermal mass and the recovery of thermal energy from it are provided by a fan, regulated by an automated control unit. A sensor system records the outdoor temperature, the temperature in the greenhouse and the thermal mass. The purpose of the research is to find out how much solar energy can be accumulated in the created thermal mass, as well as to study the possibilities of extending the vegetation period of the plants using the accumulated solar thermal energy. Experiments in the greenhouse were carried out on 01.06. to 05.12.2022. At the beginning of the period the average temperature in the thermal mass was 15 °C, in the middle of June it rose to 20 °C, and from then, until 29.08.2022, it kept fluctuating within the range of 20-22 °C. Despite the very high outdoor and greenhouse air temperatures, the thermal mass showed a positive effect by stabilizing the greenhouse and soil temperatures, thus improving the growing conditions. After 01.09.2022 the temperature in the thermal mass gradually decreased, and on 14.10. it reached the initial 15 °C. In the period of 136 days 4175 kWh of energy was accumulated in the thermal mass. From then until 13.11. the temperature in the thermal mass remained stable at 12 °C, which is the minimum, allowed for the plant growth in greenhouses, then a sharp drop followed, and vegetation ended. Under these meteorological conditions the use of the thermal mass allowed extending the vegetation period in the greenhouse by approximately 20 days.
Crystal structure effect on metallic mechanical properties of under tension stress: molecular dynamics study
Authors: Wang Ming , Zeng Yonghao , Chen Ying , Zhang Shiyi 
Published: June 2023

In the paper, the tensile mechanical properties and deformation behaviour of different crystal structures (face-centered cubic (FCC) metal ~Al and closely packed hexagonal (HCP) metal ~Ti) were studied using molecular dynamics calculation through the LAMMPS module of Materials and Processes Simulations (MAPS) software, and the effect of microstructure on their mechanical properties was explored from the atomic level, in order to reveal the deformation mechanism of different lattice types of metals at the atomic scale. The simulation results using MAPS showed that the elastic modulus and the tensile strength of Al was calculated with 45.0 GPa and 6.2 GPa, respectively, the flow stress of Al has a stable value of around 0.69-1.29 GPa. And the elastic modulus and the tensile strength of Ti was calculated with 73.1 GPa and 8.5 GPa, respectively. According to calculation by Ovite, the occurrence of dislocations in Ti was later than that in Al, indicating that the strain energy that can be accumulated in the Ti lattice of HCP structure was higher and the ability to resist deformation was greater. As the periodic boundary conditions were used in all three directions of the two model, there was no macroscopic breaking phenomenon. To sum up, the lattice of HCP structure (~Ti) can accumulate higher strain energy and have greater deformation resistance ability than that of FCC structure (~Al), which was the reason for the elastic modulus and tensile strength of Ti higher than those of Al.
Bioenergetic evaluation of miscanthus giant productivity in conditions of western forest-steppe of Ukraine for use as solid fuel
Authors: Nedilska Ulyana , Yermakov Serhii , Rud Anatolii , Kucher Oleg , Dumanskyi Oleksandr 
Published: June 2023

The regularities of dependence of conditions of growth, development and formation of productivity of a miscanthus giant and increase of productivity at the expense of influence of agrotechnical factors are established in the work: terms of planting and depth of wrapping in the conditions of the western forest-steppe in Podillya. The results of the research are obtained on the peculiarities of the formation of biometric indicators of giant miscanthus depending on the application of a set of technology elements - planting dates, depth of rhizome wrapping. It was found that the increase in land mass of plants in the formation of yield 55.7 t·ha-1 was obtained by planting in the first period (I-II decade of April) to a depth of rhizome wrapping 9 cm. Intensity of land mass increase affected the yield of solid biofuels. During the first planting period with a rhizome wrapping depth of 9 cm, the maximum calculated energy yield of 206.09 GJ·ha-1 was obtained. It is established that the highest yield of bioenergy productivity of perennial miscanthus of the giant variety Autumn Starflower was obtained taking into account soil and climatic factors in the first planting period at rhizome depths of 9 cm, which allows efficient use of soil moisture and temperature during planting.
Simulation of new design heat-exchange equipment for microclimate maintenance systems in poultry houses
Authors: Trokhaniak Viktor , Aboltins Aivars , Ivanovs Semjons , Holovach Ivan , Adamchuk Valerii , Chernysh Oleh 
Published: June 2023

This article is a continuation of the improvement of the microclimate maintenance systems in poultry houses, and the goal is to develop and numerically simulate a new design heat exchanger as an element of the ventilation system. When developing new types of heat exchanger designs, an important role is played by factors, such as their weight and size characteristics, the efficiency of heat transfer through the surface, separating the heat carriers, the pressure losses in the pipes for each of the heat carriers, and other parameters, characterizing the heat exchanger. The paper considers a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a shell of rectangular cross section with a transverse flow around the pipe bundles. The geometry of the arrangement of pipes with a diameter of d = 10 mm is peculiar, differing from the traditional chess-like, corridor, and compact bundles. The neighbouring pipes in such close bundles are displaced relative to each other by a distance of 1 mm. Besides, three types of a bundle design are considered, in which there is a displacement of the pipes in the transverse direction along the entire length of the pipe bundle by 10 mm, 12 mm and 15 mm. Since the entire row is offset by different distances, the number of the rows of the pipes changes. The number of pipes in one row, with a diameter of 10 mm, contains 102 pc, consisting of 2 collectors. Height of the pipes is 1 m. Computer mathematical modelling of the heat and mass transfer processes in the pipe bundles of different geometry with a compact arrangement of tubes was carried out, using the ANSYS Fluent software package. A mathematical model is based on the Navier-Stokes equation, the energy conservation equation for convective flows, and the continuity equation. The standard k-ε turbulence model was used in the calculations. The fields of velocities, temperatures, pressures in the studied channels are obtained. Conditions of the hydrodynamic flow in the channels are analysed, and the intensity of the heat transfer between the hot and the cold coolant through the wall, separating them, is estimated. More efficient heat exchange surfaces are determined and the prospects of using the proposed designs of the pipe bundles in the design of the heat exchangers for various purposes are shown.
The Impact of Tax Avoidance and Environmental Performance on Tax Disclosure in CSR Reports
Authors: Hardeck Inga , Inger Kerry K. , Moore Rebekah D. , Schneider Johannes 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
This study explores how and why firms voluntarily discuss taxes in corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. Using a textual analysis approach, we analyze 2,984 CSR reports from 22 countries to identify tax disclosures, including instances of firms explicitly relating taxes to CSR (“socially responsible tax disclosures”). We find that on average firms provide limited tax information and tend to use disclosures portraying tax payments as beneficial for society rather than presenting strategies to ensure socially responsible tax behavior. When examining possible influences on firms’ disclosure decisions, we find robust evidence of a negative association between socially responsible tax disclosures and environmental performance, consistent with firms using the disclosures to build or repair reputational capital. We also find some evidence of a positive association between socially responsible tax disclosures and tax avoidance, particularly among U.S. firms. Our results should be useful for standard setters and readers of CSR reports.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: M41; H26; M14.
Differences of Career Decision Making in Senior High School’s Student Based on Gender
Authors: Wulandari Anita , Nirwana Herman 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to (1) describe male students’s career decision making, (2) describe female students’s career decision making, and (3) examine differences in career decision making of Senior High School’s student by gender. This study uses a comparative descriptive analysis. The population in this study were all students of class X, XI, and XII SMA and the amount of samples was 134 students taken using census techniques (non probability sampling). This study uses two data analysis techniques, descriptive analysis and different tests. Descriptive analysis is using the percentage formula. While differences analysis uses the independent samples t test formula and the calculation is assisted by using the SPSS version 20 for windows. The result of the study showed (1) the level of career decision making for male students are in good category, (2) the level of career decision making for female students are in good category, and (3) there was significant difference in career decision making of students’s career decision making base on gender with a correlation coeficient of 0,736 and a significance level of 0,021.
Independence Of SMK Class XI Students is Making Career Decision
Authors: Fitri Emilia , Khairani Khairani 
Published: June 2023

The students need to havebehavioral autonomyin deciding their career. However, There are some students who lack behavioral autonomyindeciding the career. This study was aimed at describing the studentsbehavioral autonomyin deciding their career in terms of (1) havingthe ability of decision making. (2) having power over the influence of others, and (3) having self-confidence. This research uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The population of this research is Students of Class XI of SMKN 9 Padang amounted of 389 students andthe sampleis 197 students taken by using purposive sampling. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The data obtained are analyzed by using a percentage technique. The findings of this study are (1) The students' independence of class XI of SMKN 9 Padang in deciding their career in terms of having the ability to make decisions is in the independent category, (2) the students' independence of class XI of SMKN 9 Padang in making decision of career in terms of having the power to influence others is in the independent category, and (3) the student tsautonomy of Class XI of SMKN 9 Padang inmakingdecision of career in terms of having self-confidence is in the independent category. Thus, it can be concluded that commonly the students' independence of Class XI of SMKN 9 Padang in making decision of career is categorized independent.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Koperasi dan Infrastruktur Ekonomi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia
Authors: Finasri Fefy , Triani Mike 
Published: June 2023

This study explains the extent to which the Quality of Human Resources, Cooperatives, and Economic Infrastructure Affect Economic Growth in Indonesia. The data sources used in this research are secondary data and data from 2013 to 2020 in 34 provinces of Indonesia. This study used descriptive analysis and inductive analysis. Inductive analysis can be tested with several tests, namely: (1) Panel Regression (2) Classical Assumption Test (3) T test and (4) F test. The variables used in this study are the Quality Of Human Resources (X1) Cooperatives (X2) Economic Infrastructure (X3) and Economic Growth (Y), using panel data; it was found that (i) the Quality Of Human Resources had a positive and significant effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia (ii) Cooperatives had a negative and insignificant effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia (iii) Economic Infrastructure had a positive and insignificant effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia (iv) overall, the independent variables in this study have a significant effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia.
The Relationship Between Of Using A Learning Gadget With The Result From Student Learning Attitude In The Food Service Subject At Smk Negeri 6 Padang
Authors: Febria Lisya , Yelfi Reno 
Published: June 2023

This research is motivated by the emergence of positive and negative impacts in the use of gadget learning media, in addition to the positive impact, the use of gadget learning media has a negative impact, namely making students more individual rather than socializing, even though it is expected that by using this gadget students can gain more knowledge from each other. exchange information with friends to create a fun learning attitude This study aims to this research is to describe the of using gadget media, describing learning outcomes and analyzing whether there is a relationship between the impact of usinga learning gadget with the result from student learning in the food service . This type of research is a quantitative correlational approach. The results of the study are from the average variable score, the impact of using gadget learning media obtains a respondent achievement level (TCR) of 3.66 in the high category. From the average variable score, the learning outcomes obtained the respondent's achievement level (TCR) of 4.11 in the high category. There is a positive and significant relationship between the variable impact of the use of gadget learning media and the results of learning food service at SMKN 6 Padang, where the level of relationship between the two variables is in a fairly high category.
Superior Culinary Products Maninjau Wisata West Sumatra Province
Authors: Winara Bahgia , Yuliana Yuliana 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze the superior culinary products of Maninjau Tourism Village from the indicators of the type of product processing, product packaging and product marketing. This research uses a descriptive approach with qualitative data. Data sources were obtained from the Tourism, Youth and Sports Office of Agam Regency, Tanjung Raya Sub- District Head, Maninjau Nagari Wali, Traditional/Religious Leaders, Culinary Traders and Visitors/Tourists. Data collection was carried out directly in Nagari Maninjau using interview, observation and documentation methods. Data analysis was carried out using data reduction techniques, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study found that the superior culinary products of the Maninjau Tourism Village were processed rinuak fish, bada fish and pensi. Processed forms are rinuak fritters, rinuak crackers, rinuak jerky, rinuak palai, crispy rinuak, rinuak rakik, fried bada, bada smoked and pensi soup. While the packaging uses transparent plastic and leaves. Then the marketing is still conventional. This superior culinary product of the Maninjau Tourism Village has the potential to be developed further both in the form of processed products, product packaging and product marketing.
Analisis Makna Dan Eksistensi Tradisi Bebaritan Dalam Pandangan Keagamaan (Studi Pada Desa Pengarasan, Kec. Bantarkawung, Kab. Brebes
Authors: Hidayat Ma'ruf , Lutfiah Henti 
Published: June 2023

Intisari
Maksud dan tujuan tulisan ini ialah mengetahui apa makna yang terkandung dari tradisi bebaritan dan bagaimana tradisi bebaritan tetap bertahan di tengah-tengah kehidupan masyarakat yang kian modern. Metodologi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian diperoleh melalui proses wawancara dan observasi. Selanjutnya, data yang telah diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis data kualitatif yang meliputi empat tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Tradisi bebaritan sendiri dilakukan di sepanjang jalan perempatan Dukuh Cikamuning hingga jalan menuju mushala dekat umah gedhe. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan jika tradisi bebaritan adalah tradisi yang dilakukan masyarakat sebagai bentuk rasa syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas limpahan rezeki yang telah diberikan-Nya dan juga sebagai bentuk penolak bala. Eksistensi dari tradisi bebaritan sendiri tak lepas dari peran masyarakat sekitar yang selalu antusias dalam mengikuti setiap rangkaian kegiatan pada tradisi bebaritan. Disamping itu, semangat yang tinggi dalam menjalankan dan melestarikan warisan turun-temurun itu juga menjadi faktor pendorong bertahannya tradisi bebaritan yang hanya diperingati sebanyak satu kali dalam setahun.