bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does text entry method make a difference on Chinese writing test scores?
Authors: Bourgerie Dana Scott , Cox Troy L. , Riep Steven L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Should the writing construct be assessed through handwriting or keyboarding? As the only major language entirely
without a syllabary or alphabet, the Chinese writing system is unique among modern languages, thus the question of writing
proficiency is complicated by character recall. Most of the testing research comparing text entry methods has been conducted in
English and has found that keyboarding and handwriting can be used interchangeably. This paper reports the outcome of a study
comparing the results of handwritten and typed versions of the Chinese ACTFL Writing Proficiency Test (WPT). L2 Chinese students
(n = 25) with Intermediate to Superior speaking skills were randomly divided into two groups and took both
WPT versions in a counterbalanced design. Keyboarding resulted in significantly higher test scores [repeated measures ANOVA
F(1, 23) = 62.7, p < .001, effect size partial eta squared = .73]. Keyboarding was on
average 1.69 ACTFL sublevels higher than handwriting. Finally, this paper will discuss the writing construct in Chinese along
with pedagogical implications around curricular decisions on teaching and assessing handwriting vs. keyboarding.
Estimation of transport coefficients of dense hadronic and quark matter*
Authors: Sen Debashree , Alam Naosad , Ghosh Sabyasachi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, we calculated transport coefficients including the shear viscosity and electrical conductivity relative to the density of dense hadronic and quark matter. By considering the simple massless limit for the quark matter and two different effective models for the hadronic matter, we estimated the transport coefficients of the two phases separately. Accordingly, density profiles of the transport coefficients were depicted in two parts: the phase-space part and the relaxation time part. From calculating the shear viscosity to density ratio, we also explored the nearly perfect fluid domain of the quark and hadronic matter.
Charged-current non-standard neutrino interactions at the LHC and HL-LHC*
Authors: Yue Chong-Xing , Cheng Xue-Jia , Yang Ji-Chong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A series of new physics scenarios predict the existence of the extra charged gauge boson

, which can induce charged-current (CC) non-standard neutrino interactions (NSIs). The theoretical constraints on the simplified

model and further on the CC NSI parameters

from partial wave unitarity and

decays are considered. The sensitivity of the process

to the

model at the LHC and high-luminosity (HL) LHC experiments is investigated by estimating the expected constraints on

(

or μ) using a Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation. We find that the interference effect plays an important role, and the LHC can strongly constrain

. Compared with those at the

LHC with

, the expected constraints at the

LHC with

can be strengthened to approximately one order of magnitude.
Quality Control of YFOSC Data I. The On-site Quick Analysis System
Authors: Wang Jian-Guo , Bai Jin-Ming , Zhao Ying-He , Dong Xiao-Bo , Lu Kai-Xing , Wang Chuan-Jun , Zhang Ju-Jia , Xin Yu-Xin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Lijiang 2.4 m Telescope (LJT) is one of the most important telescopes for general astronomical observations in China. Yunnan Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (YFOSC) is a widely used instrument mounted on the LJT, which occupies for ∼80% of the observing time of the LJT, and thus instrument health and data quality of the YFOSC are very important for both the telescope maintenance team and users of the LJT. So we develop an automated data analysis system for the quality control (QC) of YFOSC data. This system is also a new function of the observing support of the YFOSC. Based on the system, YFOSC data can be reduced quickly as they are acquired and QC parameters are extracted. Observers can assess the quality of their data and make a possible revision of their observing plan in time. These parameters can also be used to check the health of the YFOSC, which is helpful for the telescope maintenance team to find potential problems. All of these aim at improving the productivity of the LJT.
Hybrid Optimization Algorithm in the Photometric Inversion of Periods for Asteroids
Authors: Li Xin-Ran , Zhang Yong-Xiong , Zhao Hai-Bin , Zhang Xiaoping , Lu Xiao-Ping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Asteroids, as the primitive building blocks for the formation of our solar system, could reveal its evolution mechanism, and have attracted more and more attention from the public and professional institutions in recent years. Their physical properties, such as rotational period, spin axis and overall shape, can be inverted from ground- and space-based photometric observations. Since the inversion process is very time-consuming, this paper combines the genetic algorithm with the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm, and presents a hybrid optimization algorithm based on a Cellinoid shape model for the inversion of rotational periods, which greatly improves the inversion efficiency. The proposed hybrid algorithm is applied to the synthetic lightcurves generated for an assumed Cellinoid shape model and the inverted rotational period results are consistent with the preset ones with a reduced search time, compared with the LM algorithm. Finally, multiple numerical experiments on the periods are performed on lightcurves and sparse observations of real asteroids to confirm that the proposed method can perform well in improving computational efficiency.
An Estimation of the Geometrical Structure of Polar Cap and Emission Property of Radio Pulsar: A Treatment from an Analytical Approach
Authors: Roy Tridib 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pulsars are believed to be one of the most interesting objects in the universe. The emission mechanism of pulsars is still a conundrum to physicists, as there is no completely acceptable theory that can establish a consensus between theory and observation. Pulsars possess a gigantic magnetic field, to the order of 1012 Gauss, and generate a very powerful radio beam from the magnetic pole. However, the powerful radio beam is generated by some complicated coherent plasma processes and acceleration in the pulsar magnetosphere. The location of the origin of the radio waves has been predicted to come out exclusively from the polar cap zone, whose boundary is defined by the footprint of the last open field line. However, in this paper, we mainly try to generate the shape of the polar cap structure from an analytical solution and discuss how it gets distorted for different geometrical parameters due to the presence of perturbation such as polar cap current flow. Also, apart from that, we try to emphasize understanding the variation of radio emission height and polarization angle with respect to different geometry-related parameters as well as with frequency.
Tritium distributions in castellated structures of Be limiter tiles from JET-ITER-like wall experiments
Authors: Lee S. , Hatano Y. , Masuzaki S. , Oya Y. , Tokitani M. , Yajima M. , Otsuka T. , Ashikawa N. , Torikai Y. , Asakura N. , Nakamura H. , Kurotaki H. , Hayashi T. , Nozawa T. , Ito A.M. , Likonen J. , Widdowson A. , Rubel M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Tritium retention in the castellated structure of beryllium limiters used in JET with the ITER-like wall (ILW) during the first (ILW1), third (ILW3) and all three (ILW1-3) campaigns were examined and evaluated. Tritium was deposited on the surfaces inside the castellation grooves together with deuterium, beryllium, oxygen, carbon and small amounts of metallic impurities such as nickel, copper and tungsten. The tritium content after the ILW1 campaign was greater than after the ILW3 campaign. This is attributed to the steadily decreasing amount of carbon impurities in JET from campaign to campaign. The majority of tritium was retained in shallow regions in the grooves, up to 2 mm from the entrance to the gap. It was comparable on all sides of the castellation, i.e. no difference has been detected between the toroidal and poloidal gaps. Secondly, the tritium retention in the gaps was similar on all specimens independent of their position in the tokamak, while the retention on the plasma-facing surfaces clearly depended on the tile position. The tritium deposition patterns in the castellation were also compared with the deuterium distribution determined in earlier studies.
Effect of current density on tribological properties of micro-arc oxidation ceramic film on Al-Mg-Sc alloy
Authors: Wu Mingjin , Jiang Feng , Tang Zhongqin , Long Mengjun , Wu Feifei , Su Yuanming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ceramic films on Al-Mg-Sc alloy were prepared in alkaline sodium silicate electrolyte solution at different current densities by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique. The influence of current density on the microstructure and tribological property of the MAO ceramic films was investigated. The experimental results indicated that the surface porosity decreased and roughness increased with the increase of current density. The optimal anti-friction effect of the MAO ceramic film prepared at the current density of 10 A dm−2 was obtained. The wear mechanism of MAO ceramic film was the coexistence of abrasive wear, adhesive wear and oxidation wear. The wear resistance of MAO ceramic film prepared on Al-Mg-Sc alloy structural components could be increased, which could reduce the risk of failure of structural components due to mechanical vibration.
Regional tropical rainfall shifts under global warming: an energetic perspective
Authors: Nicknish Paul A , Chiang John C H , Hu Aixue , Boos William R 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Future climate simulations feature pronounced spatial shifts in the structure of tropical rainfall. We apply a novel atmospheric energy flux analysis to diagnose late 21st century tropical rainfall shifts in a large ensemble of simulations of 21st century climate. The method reconstructs 2D spatial changes in rainfall based on horizontal shifts in the lines of zero meridional and zonal divergent energy flux, called the energy flux equator (EFE) and energy flux prime meridian (EFPM), respectively. Two main sources of future atmospheric energy flux changes, and hence rainfall shifts, are identified by the analysis: the high-latitude North Atlantic due to a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation that shifts tropical rainfall southwards over the greater Tropical Atlantic sector and eastern Pacific; and the eastern tropical Pacific due to a permanent El-Niño-like response that produces zonal shifts over the Maritime Continent and South America. To first order, the shifts in the EFE and EFPM mirror gross distributional changes in tropical precipitation, with a southward shift in rainfall over the tropical Atlantic, West Africa, and eastern tropical Pacific and an eastward shift over the Maritime Continent and western Pacific. When used to reconstruct future rainfall shifts in the tropical Atlantic and Sahel, the method reasonably represents the simulated meridional structure of rainfall shifts but does not do so for the zonal structures.
Impact of Reversion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Immunoreactivity Tests on the Estimated Annual Risk of Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Schwalb Alvaro , Emery Jon C , Dale Katie D , Horton Katherine C , Ugarte-Gil César A , Houben Rein M G J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A key metric in tuberculosis epidemiology is the annual risk of infection (ARI), which is usually derived from tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) prevalence surveys carried out in children. Derivation of the ARI assumes that immunoreactivity is persistent over time; however, reversion of immunoreactivity has long been documented. We used a deterministic, compartmental model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection to explore the impact of reversion on ARI estimation using age-specific reversion probabilities for the TST and IGRA. Using empirical data on TST reversion (22.2%/year for persons aged ≤19 years), the true ARI was 2–5 times higher than that estimated from immunoreactivity studies in children aged 8–12 years. Applying empirical reversion probabilities for the IGRA (9.9%/year for youths aged 12–18 years) showed a 1.5- to 2-fold underestimation. ARIs are increasingly underestimated in older populations, due to the cumulative impact of reversion on population reactivity over time. Declines in annual risk did not largely affect the results. Ignoring reversion leads to a stark underestimation of the true ARI in populations and our interpretation of Mtb transmission intensity. In future surveys, researchers should adjust for the reversion probability and its cumulative effect with increasing age to obtain a more accurate reflection of the burden and dynamics of Mtb infection.
APL@voro—interactive visualization and analysis of cell membrane simulations
Authors: Kern Martin , Jaeger-Honz Sabrina , Schreiber Falk , Sommer Bjorn 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSummaryMolecular dynamics (MD) simulations of cell membranes allow for a better understanding of complex processes such as changing membrane dynamics, lipid rafts and the incorporation/passing of macromolecules into/through membranes. To explore and understand cell membrane compositions, dynamics and processes, visual analytics can help to interpret MD simulation data. APL@Voro is a software for the interactive visualization and analysis of cell membrane simulations. Here, we present the new APL@Voro, which has been continuously developed since its initial release in 2013. We discuss newly implemented algorithms, methodologies and features, such as the interactive comparison of related simulations and methods to assign lipids to either the upper or lower leaflet.Availability and implementationThe current open-source version of APL@Voro can be downloaded from http://aplvoro.com.
DaTeR: error-correcting phylogenetic chronograms using relative time constraints
Authors: Mondal Abhijit , Rangel L Thiberio , Payette Jack G , Fournier Gregory P , Bansal Mukul S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Motivation
A chronogram is a dated phylogenetic tree whose branch lengths have been scaled to represent time. Such chronograms are computed based on available date estimates (e.g. from dated fossils), which provide absolute time constraints for one or more nodes of an input undated phylogeny, coupled with an appropriate underlying model for evolutionary rates variation along the branches of the phylogeny. However, traditional methods for phylogenetic dating cannot take into account relative time constraints, such as those provided by inferred horizontal transfer events. In many cases, chronograms computed using only absolute time constraints are inconsistent with known relative time constraints.

Results
In this work, we introduce a new approach, Dating Trees using Relative constraints (DaTeR), for phylogenetic dating that can take into account both absolute and relative time constraints. The key idea is to use existing Bayesian approaches for phylogenetic dating to sample posterior chronograms satisfying desired absolute time constraints, minimally adjust or ‘error-correct’ these sampled chronograms to satisfy all given relative time constraints, and aggregate across all error-corrected chronograms. DaTeR uses a constrained optimization framework for the error-correction step, finding minimal deviations from previously assigned dates or branch lengths. We applied DaTeR to a biological dataset of 170 Cyanobacterial taxa and a reliable set of 24 transfer-based relative constraints, under six different molecular dating models. Our extensive analysis of this dataset demonstrates that DaTeR is both highly effective and scalable and that its application can significantly improve estimated chronograms.

Availability and implementation
Freely available from https://compbio.engr.uconn.edu/software/dater/

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Quantification and Standardization of Andrographolide inAndrographis PaniculataSamples by Validated RP-HPLC and HPTLC Methods
Authors: Jana Shibu Narayan , Banerjee Subhadip , Biswas Sayan , Sing Dilip , Kar Amit , Bandyopadhayay Rajib , Haldar Pallab K , Sharma Nanaocha , Mukherjee Pulok K 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAndrographis paniculata (family Acanthaceae) is known as Kalmegh, one of the traditionally used important medicinal plant contains several biologically active phytochemical including andrographolide. A. paniculata is broadly used by healthcare practitioners in India and also used in different traditional medicinal system. In this study, the leaves of A. paniculata were collected from West Medinipur, East Medinipur, South 24 Parganas, Purulia and Hooghly district of West Bengal, India. This study aiming towards validation and development of a simple, precise and reproducible reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) methods for quantification of andrographolide in A. paniculata extracts. The validated RP-HPLC and HPTLC study confirmed that different concentrations of andrographolide content present in the plant samples, which are collected from above different districts of West Bengal, India. The amounts of andrographolide were found to be 2.71% (w/w), 3.19% (w/w), 1.83% (w/w), 1.73% (w/w) and 2.94% (w/w) in RP-HPLC study and 2.13% (w/w), 2.51% (w/w), 1.01% (w/w), 1.25% (w/w) and 2.15% (w/w) in HPTLC study. This precise, reproducible, accurate and specific method can be used for the quantification of andrographolide in kalmegh, as per the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines recommendations.
Immune abnormalities in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Gentile Micaela , Sanchez-Russo Luis , Riella Leonardo V , Verlato Alberto , Manrique Joaquin , Granata Simona , Fiaccadori Enrico , Pesce Francesco , Zaza Gianluigi , Cravedi Paolo 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTImmunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide and it is characterized by mesangial IgA deposition. Asymptomatic hematuria with various degrees of proteinuria is the most common clinical presentation and up to 20%–40% of patients develop end-stage kidney disease within 20 years after disease onset. The pathogenesis of IgAN involves four sequential processes known as the “four-hit hypothesis” which starts with the production of a galactose-deficient IgA1 (gd-IgA1), followed by the formation of anti-gd-IgA1 IgG or IgA1 autoantibodies and immune complexes that ultimately deposit in the glomerular mesangium, leading to inflammation and injury. Although several key questions about the production of gd-IgA1 and the formation of anti-gd-IgA1 antibodies remain unanswered, a growing body of evidence is shedding light on the innate and adaptive immune mechanisms involved in this complex pathogenic process. Herein, we will focus on these mechanisms that, along with genetic and environmental factors, are thought to play a key role in disease pathogenesis.
SalivaDB—a comprehensive database for salivary biomarkers in humans
Authors: Arora Akanksha , Kaur Dashleen , Patiyal Sumeet , Kaur Dilraj , Tomer Ritu , Raghava Gajendra P S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Saliva as a non-invasive diagnostic fluid has immense potential as a tool for early diagnosis and prognosis of patients. The information about salivary biomarkers is broadly scattered across various resources and research papers. It is important to bring together all the information on salivary biomarkers to a single platform. This will accelerate research and development in non-invasive diagnosis and prognosis of complex diseases. We collected widespread information on five types of salivary biomarkers—proteins, metabolites, microbes, micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA) and genes found in humans. This information was collected from different resources that include PubMed, the Human Metabolome Database and SalivaTecDB. Our database SalivaDB contains a total of 15 821 entries for 201 different diseases and 48 disease categories. These entries can be classified into five categories based on the type of biomolecules; 6067, 3987, 2909, 2272 and 586 entries belong to proteins, metabolites, microbes, miRNAs and genes, respectively. The information maintained in this database includes analysis methods, associated diseases, biomarker type, regulation status, exosomal origin, fold change and sequence. The entries are linked to relevant biological databases to provide users with comprehensive information. We developed a web-based interface that provides a wide range of options like browse, keyword search and advanced search. In addition, a similarity search module has been integrated which allows users to perform a similarity search using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool and Smith–Waterman algorithm against biomarker sequences in SalivaDB. We created a web-based database—SalivaDB, which provides information about salivary biomarkers found in humans. A wide range of web-based facilities have been integrated to provide services to the scientific community. https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/salivadb/
Remnant cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and incident cardiovascular disease among Koreans: a national population-based study
Authors: Lee Sang Jun , Kim Se-Eun , Go Tae-Hwa , Kang Dae Ryong , Jeon Ho-Seong , Kim Young-In , Cho Dong-Hyuk , Park Young Jun , Lee Jung-Hee , Lee Jun-Won , Youn Young-Jin , Kim Sang-Hyun , Kim Jang Young , Ahn Sung Gyun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
The synergistic association of remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in various subgroups of Koreans was investigated.

Methods and results
Using the national health insurance data, we included subjects aged between 40 and 70 years without a history of CVD and at least two health screenings between 2009 and 2011. The subjects were divided into four groups by LDL-C and remnant-C levels. The primary outcome was CVD, which occurred between 2014 and 2017. Among 3 686 034 (45.6% women) subjects, 144 004 cardiovascular events occurred. Individuals in both high LDL-C and high remnant-C [hazard ratio (HR) 1.266, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.243–1.289; 7.9%], high LDL-C only (HR 1.098, 95% CI 1.083–1.113; 21.2%), and high remnant-C only groups (HR 1.102, 95% CI 1.087–1.118; 19.1%) had higher risks of CVD than those in the reference group (LDL-C &lt; 3.4 mmol/L and remnant-C &lt; 0.8 mmol/L; 51.8%). A continuous and linear increase in CVD risk was found in those with higher remnant-C levels after adjustment for several confounders, including LDL-C levels. The association of remnant-C ≥ 0.8 mmol/L with an increased CVD risk was consistent across various strata.

Conclusions
Combined high remnant-C and LDL-C levels confer a higher CVD risk than that individually. Elevated remnant-C values independent of LDL-C levels were associated with a risk of incident CVD. Remnant cholesterol levels in addition to LDL-C levels are important considerations in risk stratification for the primary prevention of CVD.