bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fighting H. pylori with Medicinal Plants: A Study on Jordan's Traditional
Remedies
Authors: Mayyas Amal , Abu-Qatouseh Luay , Abu Sini Mohammad , Amr Rula , Akasheh Rand T. , Alrabadi Nasr , Darwish Rula M. , Aburjai Talal 
Published: August 2023

Aims of the Study:
This study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants used among Jordanians for the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcers against H. pylori. Moreover, plants' inhibitory activity against the H. pylori urease enzyme was also evaluated.

Materials and Methods:
The activity of 11 medicinal plants used by common people and herbalists to treat ulcers was evaluated against H. pylori (NCTC 11916). Ethanol and essential oil extracts from the tested plants were evaluated using a standard agar dilution method and the MICs were determined. Furthermore, the potential inhibitory effect of each preparation was tested against the enzyme urease using a kinetic colorimetric assay.

Results:
Cinnamomum cassia oil showed the highest efficiency against H. pylori with the lowest MIC (0.0122 mg.mL-1), followed by Origanum syriacum and Foeniculum vulgare (MICs of 0.39 mg.mL-1). Furthermore, significant urease inhibition activity was recorded for Carum carvi oil (IC50~0.45 mg.mL-1). C. cassia oil (IC50 ~2.8 mg.mL-1), Aloysia citriodora, and Artemisia Judaica (IC50 5.8 mg.mL-1) reported potential urease inhibition activities.

Conclusion:
Herbs used in Jordanian traditional medicine were found to have anti-H. pylori and significant urease inhibitory activity. These findings might support the use of medicinal plants as adjuvant or alternative therapy for the treatment of H. pylori.
Electric Discharge Machining of Titanium Alloy under Cu Mixed Dielectric Medium
Authors: Prakash T. , Pradeep V.  P. , Suresh T. , Raja S. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
In the current research work, an attempt has been made to machine
Ti6Al4V using Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining (PMEDM) technique.

Methods:
The experiments were designed utilizing central composite response surface
methodology by varying current, pulse on time, gap distance, and powder concentration
at five different levels, whereas Material Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate
(TWR), and Surface Roughness (Ra) were documented as responses. The MRR reduced
with an increase in powder concentration until the concentration reached 7.5 g/l because
incorporated particles observed the major proportion of heat, and at 10 g/l, MRR increased
due to the bridging effect.

Results:
The TWR and Ra reduced with an escalation in powder concentration due to
expansion in the spark gap, facilitating the flushing of machined debris. The surface topography
revealed cracks, pits, globules, and craters. Moreover, with the addition of
particles, surface quality improved owing to the elimination of re-melted layers.

Conclusion:
The parameters were optimized using the Grey Relational Analysis
(GRA), and the combination of 2.5 g/l powder concentration, 20A current, 50 μs ton,
and 4 mm gap distance offers the best machining performance.
Real-Time Virtual Support as an Emergency Department Strategy for Rural, Remote, and Indigenous Communities in British Columbia: Descriptive Case Study
Authors: Novak Lauscher Helen , Blacklaws Brydon , Pritchard Erika , Wang Elsie Jiaxi , Stewart Kurtis , Beselt Jeff , Ho Kendall , Pawlovich John 
Published: August 2023

Background
British Columbia has over 200 rural, remote, and Indigenous communities that have limited health care resources due to physician isolation, sparsity in clinical resources, the lack of collegial support, and provider burnout. Real-time virtual support (RTVS) peer-to-peer pathways provide support to patients and providers. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating existing health care disparities and equitable access to timely care, RTVS presents a portable and additional opportunity to be deployed in a hospital or patient home setting in rural communities. We highlight the story of the Rural Urgent Doctor in-aid (RUDi) pathway within RTVS that successfully supported the Dawson Creek District Hospital (DCDH) emergency department (ED) in 2021.

Objective
This study aims to describe the rapid implementation process and identify facilitators and barriers to successful implementation.

Methods
This case study is grounded in the Quadruple Aim and Social Accountability frameworks for health systems learning. The entire study period was approximately 6 months. After 1 week of implementation, we interviewed RUDi physicians, DCDH staff, health authority leadership, and RTVS staff to gather their experiences. Content analysis was used to identify themes that emerged from the interviews.

Results
RUDi physicians covered 39 overnight shifts and were the most responsible providers (MRPs) for 245 patients who presented to the DCDH ED. A total of 17 interviews with key informants revealed important themes related to leadership and relationships as facilitators of the coverage’s success, the experience of remote physician support, providing a “safety net,” finding new ways of interprofessional collaboration, and the need for extensive IT support throughout. Quality improvement findings identified barriers and demonstrated tangible recommendations for how this model of support can be improved in future cases.

Conclusions
By acting as the MRP during overnight ED shifts, RUDi prevented the closure of the DCDH ED and the diversion of patients to another rural hospital. Rapid codevelopment and implementation of digital health solutions can be leveraged with existing partnerships and mutual trust between RTVS and rural EDs to ease the pressures of a physician shortage, particularly during COVID-19. By establishing new and modified clinical workflows, RTVS provides a safety net for rural patients and providers challenged by burnout. This case study provides learnings to be implemented to serve future rural, remote, and Indigenous communities in crisis.
Effect of Addition of NaCl Salt on Extraction of Essential Oil from Lemongrass Leaves by Microwave Hydro-Distillation Method
Authors: Suryanti Fenni , Qadariyah Lailatul , Mahfud Mahfud 
Published: August 2023

Essential oils are compounds extracted from plants and obtained by distillation. Indonesia has many kinds of plant commodities for essential oil production. Among the essential oils that have not been developed in Indonesia is citronella oil which can be extracted from the lemongrass plant this research, we develop Microwave Hydro-Distillation (MHD) method has several advantages over conventional distillation methods: shorter time, higher oil quality and yield. This research proposes to extract citronella oil from lemongrass leaves using the MHD method using aquadest and NaCl solution addition. Operating variables are extraction time (20–180 min), material size (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 cm), feed-to-solvent ratio (0.1; 0.15; and 0.2 g/mL), and microwave power (300, 450, and 600 watts). The essential oil results are analyzed by GC-MS analysis, specific gravity, refractive index, and solubility. The results showed that it increased with extraction time followed by almost constant conditions, tended to decrease with increasing feed-to-solvent ratio, and increased yield with increasing microwave power. The results from the GC-MS analysis, the active substance content of geraniol was 46.61% and citronellal 5.62%. Additional salt in this method is a green and clean essential oil extraction.
Synthesis of Calix[4]resorcinarene Derivatives as Antimalarial Agents through Heme Polymerization Inhibition Assay
Authors: Putri Rizky Riyami , Pranowo Harno Dwi , Kurniawan Yehezkiel Steven , Fatimi Hana Anisa , Jumina Jumina 
Published: August 2023

Malaria is an endemic disease in tropical countries, including Indonesia, with a high annual mortality rate. Because of that, serious attention shall be given to find new antimalarial agents that are highly active for medical treatment. In this work, we designed and synthesized three calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives and evaluated them as antimalarial agents through in vitro heme polymerization inhibitory assay. The calix[4]resorcinarenes were prepared from resorcinol and corresponding aldehyde derivatives in ethanol media through a cyclo-condensation reaction. The calix[4]resorcinarene products were obtained in 31.1–85.1% yield. The synthesized compounds were subjected to structure elucidation using spectroscopy techniques. The antimalarial activity of calix[4]resorcinarene with aromatic substituent (IC50 = 0.198 mg/mL) was higher than the aliphatic ones (IC50 = 0.282–0.814 mg/mL). It was found that all calix[4]resorcinarenes in this work exhibited stronger antimalarial activity than chloroquine diphosphate as the positive control (IC50 = 1.157 mg/mL). The calix[4]resorcinarenes could interact with hydrogen bonding, thus inhibiting the heme polymerization process. These findings demonstrate that calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives are potential antimalarial agents to be developed for effective medical treatment in the near future.
Utilization of Lignin and Lignosulfonate from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches as Filler in PVDF Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Mu'izzah Nala Ridhwanul , Hapsari Pinka Zuhdiana , Aulia Nabila Putri , Wulansari Dian Wahyu Tri , Azhari Fauziyah , Pramono Edi 
Published: August 2023

A study on the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane using lignin and lignosulfonate oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fillers have been carried out. This study aims to determine the additional effect of lignin and lignosulfonate on PVDF membrane. Lignin sulfonation has a good result proven by Fourier transform infrared spectra with a peak at 1192 cm−1 which indicates sulfonate group. The sulfonation degree was increased by 8.9% for lignosulfonate. The membrane was prepared by the phase inversion method. Data present that all the membranes have an asymmetric structure with finger-like and sponge-like pores. Good thermal stability indicated by thermal gravimetric analysis showed degradation at 432 °C. The mechanical properties of the membrane decrease with the addition of filler. From the X-ray diffraction, peaks appeared at 18.39°, 21.35°, and 23.75° for all the membranes indicating of α and β phases. Lignin and lignosulfonate increased membrane hydrophilicity and water uptake. The presence of the sulfonate group increases the ionic exchange capacity and ionic conductivity up to 2.78 mmol/g and 9.95 × 10−5 S/cm, respectively, for 5% lignosulfonate addition. Thus, PVDF/lignosulfonate has the potential as a polymer electrolyte membrane.
Synthesis and Antidiabetic Evaluation of <i>N</i>’-Benzylidenebenzohydrazide Derivatives by <i>In Silico</i> Studies
Authors: Alam Yusuf Syaril , Pudjiastuti Pratiwi , Maulana Saipul , Afifah Nur Rahmayanti , Martak Fahimah , Fadlan Arif , Wahyuni Tutik Sri , Arief Syukri 
Published: August 2023

Two new of N’-benzylidenebenzohydrazide (NBB) derivatives were successfully synthesized and yielded 50–58%. FTIR, ESI-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR were used to investigate the characteristic of NBB derivates. The structure and relationship of NBB derivatives into α-glucosidase and α-amylase as good targets for diabetes treatment were evaluated using in silico screening. Molecular Mechanics-Poisson Boltzmann/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-PB/GBSA) was used to calculate the free binding energy (ΔGbind (MM-GBSA)) of NBB to α-glucosidase and α-amylase receptors showed that the results of −0.45 and −20.79 kcal/mol respectively. In the ortho position, NBB derivatives exhibited electron donating groups (EDG like -OCH3, -OH and -Cl with binding free energies of −21.94, −6.71 and 21.94, respectively, and acarbose, a native ligand energy of 32.62 kcal/mol. In addition, the binding free energy of N-2-(-OCH3, -OH and -Cl)-NBB to the α-amylase receptor showed the number of −39.33, −43.96, −42.81, respectively and −46.51 kcal/mol in comparing with a native ligand. As a result, it was found that all the NBB derivatives were able to interact with several amino acids in the α-glucosidase cavity as well as the native ones, including Ala281, Asp282, and Asp616. NBB and native ligand showed similar interaction between α-amylase with Gly110 amino acid residue.
New Design Valve in Flow Injection System for the Determination of Pb(II) in Biological and Environmental Samples
Authors: Jassim Thekrayat Joodi , Taresh Raisan Kadhim 
Published: August 2023

A strategy to design an injection valve for a streamlined flow injection technique is described as speed and low-cost materials available in the environment for the determination of Pb(II) ion using the organic reagent 4-((4-methoxyphenyl)diazenyl)benzene-1,3-diol at a wavelength of 498 nm. The scope of the study is to find the optimal conditions, including the flow rate of the carrier, the dispersion coefficient, the length of the reaction coil, and the calibration drawing. The results showed that the optimum length of the reaction coil is 20 cm, and the optimum flow rate is 9.1 mL/min, which is equivalent to the pumping rate of 70 F/min. The range of linearity of the study was revealed by a calibration curve of 0.5–27 mg/L, slope = 1.507, correlation coefficient = 0.9995, the limit of quantitative (LOQ) = 0.088 mg/L, and limit of detection (LOD) = 0.026 mg/L. The system under study has a characteristic efficiency. The dispersion coefficient was calculated for concentrations of 10–15 mg/L Pb(II) ion. Furthermore, the accuracy of the flow injection technique in the estimation process was studied and compared with the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) technique.
Duodenal Eosinophilia in Functional Dyspepsia
Authors: Silaeva A. S. , Bueverova E. L. , Shulpekova Yu. O. 
Published: August 2023

Aim: to present observation of a patient diagnosed with functional dyspepsia based on current guidelines, and having increased eosinophil counts in the biopsy specimen of duodenal mucosa. To consider possible causes of duodenal eosinophilia in the light of present-day concepts.Highlights. Patient K., 40 years old, complained of dyspeptic phenomena, the first appearance of which she had noted at the age of 18. The patient noted poor tolerance to canned and fermented foods, which provoked an increase in dyspepsia and sometimes caused watery diarrhea. The examination excluded “symptoms of concern”. Successful antihelicobacter eradication therapy was carried out. Morphological examination of the stomach showed phenomena of mild chronic inflammation without intestinal metaplasia or glandular atrophy. A biopsy of the mucosa of the descending part of the duodenum showed a moderate increase in the levels of mononuclears and eosinophils in its lamina propria without penetration into the epithelium of the villi or formation of clusters. The patient suffers from pollinosis; sensitization to birch pollen was diagnosed by a skin prick test. However, she has no oral allergy symptoms, which does not allow linking duodenal eosinophilia to food allergy. Based on current guidelines, the patient was diagnosed with functional dyspepsia. In addition to dietary restrictions, treatment courses with a proton pump inhibitor, itopride, and S-methylmethionine sulfonium chloride, which has an antihistamine effect, were recommended for periods of worsening dyspepsia.Conclusion. The clinical significance of duodenal eosinophilia and local histamine production in patients with a clinical diagnosis of functional dyspepsia deserves special attention. Triggering factors provoking the worsening of symptoms should be analyzed; in particular, a food diary and exclusion of food allergies are recommended. Histamine-neutralizing drugs may play a role in the treatment of FD with duodenal eosinophilia in the future.
KAJIAN RESIDUAL HEAT REMOVAL PADA TIPE REAKTOR SMRs
Authors: RAHMAN ZIKRILLAH IMADI 
Published: August 2023

Small Modular Reactor / Small and Medium Reactor (SMRs) adalah sebuah inovasi baru dari sistem penggunaan energi nuklir yang dipergunakan untuk pembangkit listrik. SMRs sendiri sudah banyak negara yang berniat untuk membuat reaktor dikarenakan harganya yang murah, membutuhkan tempat yang tidak luas, memiliki sistem safety passive, dan memiliki risiko kecelakaan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan reaktor nuklir konvensional. SMRs sendiri dapat menghasilkan sampai 300 MWe. Namun dikarenakan barunya SMRs, masih banyaknya penelitian yang harus dikembangkan. Terutama penelitian yang mencakup keamanan dan kenyamanan untuk pekerja dan masyarakat sekitar. Salah satu pengembangan dari sistem keamanan passive SMRs yang sedang dikembangkan adalah Residual Heat Removal. Tujuan dari penulisan untuk mengetahui sistem kerja dari sistem RHR yang digunakan pada beberapa reaktor SMRs. Metodologi penulisan dilakukan dengan cara studi literatur dengan membandingkan sistem kerja RHR pada reaktor yang akan dibahas. Hasil kajian yang menunjukan perbedaan, keunggulan, dan kerugian sistem RHR yang digunakan dalam reaktor SMRs adalah tipe SMART reaktor yang paling baik karena SMART reaktor sudah memenuhi minimal persyaratan sistem blackout untuk tipe reaktor smLWRs (small medium Light Water Reactor system).
KAJIAN KONDISI ATMOSFER SAAT KEJADIAN HUJAN LEBAT PENYEBAB BANJIR DI KOTA PALEMBANG (Studi Kasus Tanggal 13 September 2021)
Authors: SETIAWAN ARIF 
Published: August 2023

Pada tanggal 13 September 2021, Sejumlah wilayah di Kota Palembang terendam banjir yang disebabkan karena hujan lebat yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut. Berdasarkan data curah hujan BMKG, curah hujan yang tercatat pada tanggal tersebut adalah sebesar 70.3 mm. Dilakukan analisis Citra Satelit Himawari-8 untuk melihat sebaran awan konvektif, serta analisis dinamika atmosfer untuk melihat kondisi atmosfer saat kejadian hujan lebat dan mengetahui penyebab terbentuknya awan-awan konvektif penyebab hujan lebat tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik RGB (Red Green Blue) pada satelit Himawari-8, dengan menggunakan beberapa skema yaitu 24-Hour Microphysics RGB, AirMass RGB dan Ash RGB. Dari hasil analisisnya dapat diketahui bahwa kejadian hujan lebat yang menyebabkan banjir di Palembang adalah disebabkan karena awan cumulonimbus yang menutupi wilayah tersebut. Dari metode RGB diketahui bahwa terdapat massa udara hangat di wilayah Palembang yang memicu pertumbuhan awan konvektif. Selain itu, adanya daerah konvergensi angin di sebelah Timur Kota Palembang serta aktifnya beberapa fenomena-fenomena cuaca global maupun regional seperti La Nina dan MJO juga menjadi faktor pemicu pertumbuhan awan konvektif penyebab curah hujan yang tinggi di Wilayah Palembang.Kata Kunci : Banjir, Hujan Lebat, Himawari-8, RGB, cumulonimbus
TINJAUAN METEOROLOGIS PADA FENOMENA HUJAN LEBAT PENYEBAB BANJIR (STUDI KASUS: CILACAP, 16-17 NOVEMBER 2020 DAN KENDAL, 19 NOVEMBER 2020)
Authors: PRASETYO SUWIGNYO , ZAKIR ACHMAD 
Published: August 2023

Banjir akibat hujan lebat dengan durasi yang lama terjadi di Cilacap (16-17 November 2020) menyebabkan beberapa kecamatan terendam. Hal serupa juga terjadi di Kecamatan Boja, Kendal (19 November 2020). Namun, banjir yang dihasilkan adalah banjir bandang akibat luapan Sungai Blorong sehingga menyebabkan dua orang tewas akibat terseret arus banjir. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan kajian mengenai dinamika atmosfer di wilayah tersebut untuk mengetahui penyebabnya dalam fokus kajian meteorologi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya fenomena tersebut beserta dinamika atmosfer yang menyertainya. Hasil analisis dinamika atmosfer dengan menggunakan parameter vortisitas, divergensi, dan vertical transport pada lapisan signifikan menunjukkan proses konvektif yang kuat dan didukung keadaan fenomena global La Nina sehingga potensi terjadi hujan lebat sangat intens. Analisis skala lokal dengan indeks stabilitas udara di kedua wilayah studi menunjukkan kondisi atmosfer yang sangat labil. Analisis citra satelit menunjukkan pada kedua wilayah Cilacap dam Kendal terdapat fase awan tebal yang menghasilkan hujan lebat ditandai dengan suhu pucak awan masing -76℃ dan -80℃.
ANALISA SIFAT ADSORPSI LOGAM BERAT PADA ECENG GONDOK DALAM PENGELOLAAN AIR LIMBAH ELEKTROPLATING
Authors: SURYANINGSIH SRI 
Published: August 2023

Pertumbuhan penduduk dunia yang sangat cepat dan perkembangan industri yang semakin pesat menyebabkan semakin banyak bahan buangan yang bersifat racun yang dibuang ke lingkungan dalam bentuk limbah padat, cair dan gas. Limbah dalam bentuk cair yang ada dalam industri elektroplating sebagai proses elektrolisa yang menyisakan logam berat Fe, Cu dan Pb. Tanaman Eceng gondok (Eichornia Crassipes) dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan adsorben yang merupakan tanaman gulma dengan waktu tumbuh sangat cepat, sehingga dapat mengganggu aliran perairan dan mempercepat pendangkalan perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sifat adsorpsi eceng gondok pada limbah cair yang diperlakukan dalam variasi waktu perendaman selama 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Pengujian adsorpsi pada eceng gondok dengan metoda SEM-EDS (Scanning Elektron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrocopy). Kandungan unsur logam optimal dari variasi waktu perendaman dari hasil SEM-EDS menunjukkan kadar logam Fe sebesar 2,453% pada waktu perendaman 60 menit dibandingkan dengan logam Cu, dan Pb. Nilai optimal pada proses adsorpsi eceng gondok dibandingkan dengan sifat absorpsi limbah elektroplating dengan menggunakan AAS sesuai, dimana semakin besar sifat adsorpsi eceng gondok maka semakin besar penurunan konsentrasi logam yang terkandung di dalam limbah cair elektroplating sebesar 99,24%.
ANALISA UKURAN BUTIR BRIKET CAMPURAN SEKAM PADI DENGAN CANGKANG KOPI TERHADAP LAJU PEMBAKARAN DAN EMISI KARBON MONOKSIDA (CO)
Authors: SURYANINGSIH SRI , AFANDI KOMALA A , NURHILAL OTONG 
Published: August 2023

Briket merupakan salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang dibuat dari limbah biomassa seperti sekam padi dan kulit kopi. Dalam proses pembakaran briket, ukuran butir suatu briket akan mempengaruhi laju pembakaran dan emisi yang dihasilkan, salah satunya adalah emisi karbon monoksida yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui laju pembakaran dan emisi karbon monoksida optimum dari briket campuran sekam padi dengan kulit kopi berdasarkan ukuran butir dan komposisi pencampuran bahan briket. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi pengeringan, karbonisasi bahan, penghalusan dan penyaringan arang, pencetakan, pengepresan, serta pengeringan briket, dan dilakukan pengujian briket terhadap laju pembakaran dan emisi karbon monoksida. Didapatkan hasil laju pembakaran tercepat terdapat pada sampel dengan ukuran butir 40 mesh dengan variasi pencampuran bahan 50:50 sebesar 0,0134 gram/sekon. Semakin kasar ukuran briket maka waktu pembakaran briket akan semakin cepat sehingga laju pembakaran yang dihasilkan akan semakin cepat dan briket akan cepat habis terbakar. Sedangkan hasil emisi karbon monoksida terendah terdapat pada sampel dengan ukuran butir 60 mesh dengan variasi pencampuran bahan 50:50 sebesar 601 ppm dengan nilai kalor 4179 kal/gram. Briket yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar karena masih memenuhi standar baku mutu konsentrasi emisi gas maksimum untuk karbon monoksida.