bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between prolonged exposure to long working hours and stroke subtypes in the CONSTANCES cohort
Authors: Fadel Marc , Sembajwe Grace , Li Jian , Leclerc Annette , Pico Fernando , Schnitzler Alexis , Roquelaure Yves , Descatha Alexis 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThough there is increasing evidence on the effect of long working hours (LWH) and stroke, few studies have distinguished stroke subtypes. We examined the associations between LWH and ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsFrom a national population-based cohort CONSTANCES, baseline questionnaires and initial health examinations were used to retrieve sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors from 2012 to 2018. LWH were defined as self-reported working time≥10 hours daily for at least 50 days per year. Incident cases of stroke were collected using International Classification of Disease codes recorded in the National Health Data System. Associations between LWH and stroke were investigated using multinomial models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors.ResultsAmong the 160 751 participants who were free from stroke at baseline, exposure to LWH≥10 years was reported by 20 723 participants, and 190 incident cases of stroke were identified, including 134 ischaemic and 56 haemorrhagic. Exposure to LWH was associated with an elevated odds of ischaemic stroke (OR=1.61 (1.04–2.49)) and haemorrhagic stroke (OR=2.50 (1.38–4.53)) in unadjusted models. In adjusted multivariable models, only the LWH association with haemorrhagic stroke remained significant (aOR=1.92 (1.01–3.09)).ConclusionsLWH were associated with stroke, though it remained significant for haemorrhagic stroke only after adjustments. Differences in direct and indirect biological pathways and lack of power in the ischaemic subgroup may explain these results and further studies on the impact of mediating and effect measure modifying factors are needed. Nevertheless, policies that attenuate effects of both LWH and cardiovascular risks factor are warranted.
Focused ultrasound-induced inhibition of peripheral nerve fibers in an animal model of acute pain
Authors: Anderson Thomas Anthony , Pacharinsak Cholawat , Vilches-Moure Jose , Kantarci Husniye , Zuchero J Bradley , Butts-Pauly Kim , Yeomans David 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundModerate-to-severe acute pain is prevalent in many healthcare settings and associated with adverse outcomes. Peripheral nerve blockade using traditional needle-based and local anesthetic-based techniques improves pain outcomes for some patient populations but has shortcomings limiting use. These limitations include its invasiveness, potential for local anesthetic systemic toxicity, risk of infection with an indwelling catheter, and relatively short duration of blockade compared with the period of pain after major injuries. Focused ultrasound is capable of inhibiting the peripheral nervous system and has potential as a pain management tool. However, investigations of its effect on peripheral nerve nociceptive fibers in animal models of acute pain are lacking. In an in vivo acute pain model, we investigated focused ultrasound’s effects on behavior and peripheral nerve structure.MethodsFocused ultrasound was applied directly to the sciatic nerve of rats just prior to a hindpaw incision; three control groups (focused ultrasound sham only, hindpaw incision only, focused ultrasound sham+hindpaw incision) were also included. For all four groups (intervention and controls), behavioral testing (thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, hindpaw extension and flexion) took place for 4 weeks. Structural changes to peripheral nerves of non-focused ultrasound controls and after focused ultrasound application were assessed on days 0 and 14 using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.ResultsCompared with controls, after focused ultrasound application, animals had (1) increased mechanical nociceptive thresholds for 2 weeks; (2) sustained increase in thermal nociceptive thresholds for ≥4 weeks; (3) a decrease in hindpaw motor response for 0.5 weeks; and (4) a decrease in hindpaw plantar sensation for 2 weeks. At 14 days after focused ultrasound application, alterations to myelin sheaths and nerve fiber ultrastructure were observed both by light and electron microscopy.DiscussionFocused ultrasound, using a distinct parameter set, reversibly inhibits A-delta peripheral nerve nociceptive, motor, and non-nociceptive sensory fiber-mediated behaviors, has a prolonged effect on C nociceptive fiber-mediated behavior, and alters nerve structure. Focused ultrasound may have potential as a peripheral nerve blockade technique for acute pain management. However, further investigation is required to determine C fiber inhibition duration and the significance of nerve structural changes.
Not all vaping is the same: differential pulmonary effects of vaping cannabidiol versus nicotine
Authors: Bhat Tariq A , Kalathil Suresh G , Goniewicz Maciej L , Hutson Alan , Thanavala Yasmin 
Published: February 2023

RationaleVaping has become a popular method of inhaling various psychoactive substances. While evaluating respiratory effects of vaping have primarily focused on nicotine-containing products, cannabidiol (CBD)-vaping is increasingly becoming popular. It currently remains unknown whether the health effects of vaping nicotine and cannabinoids are similar.ObjectivesThis study compares side by side the pulmonary effects of acute inhalation of vaporised CBD versus nicotine.MethodsIn vivo inhalation study in mice and in vitro cytotoxicity experiments with human cells were performed to assess the pulmonary damage-inducing effects of CBD or nicotine aerosols emitted from vaping devices.Measurements and main resultsPulmonary inflammation in mice was scored by histology, flow cytometry, and quantifying levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Lung damage was assessed by histology, measurement of myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil elastase levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue. Lung epithelial/endothelial integrity was assessed by quantifying BAL protein levels, albumin leak and pulmonary FITC-dextran leak. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring the antioxidant potential in the BAL and lungs. The cytotoxic effects of CBD and nicotine aerosols on human neutrophils and human small airway epithelial cells were evaluated using in vitro air–liquid interface system. Inhalation of CBD aerosol resulted in greater inflammatory changes, more severe lung damage and higher oxidative stress compared with nicotine. CBD aerosol also showed higher toxicity to human cells compared with nicotine.ConclusionsVaping of CBD induces a potent inflammatory response and leads to more pathological changes associated with lung injury than vaping of nicotine.
Bosentan attenuates sickle cell disease erythrocyte HbS polymerization and impaired deformability induced by endothelin-1
Authors: Rosa Teixeira-Alves Lyzes , Guimarães-Nobre Camila Cristina , Mendonça-Reis Evelyn , Miranda-Alves Leandro , Berto-Junior Clemilson 
Published: February 2023

The effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on erythrocytes from sickle cell disease (SCD) patients have been described, but mechanisms of ET-1 regarding primary erythrocyte functions remain unknown. ET-1 is a vasoconstrictor peptide produced by endothelial cells, and the expression of ET-1 is increased in SCD. The present study used ex vivo experiments with sickle cell erythrocytes, ET-1, and bosentan, a dual antagonist of ETA and ETB receptors. We performed a hemoglobin S (HbS) polymerization assay with three concentrations of ET-1 (1, 20, and 50 pg/mL) and bosentan (100 nmol/L). ET-1 increased HbS polymerization at all concentrations, and this effect was suppressed by bosentan. For the deformability assay, red blood cells (RBCs) were incubated on a Sephacryl column with the same concentrations of ET-1 and bosentan. ET-1 decreased deformability, and this effect was reversed by bosentan. To observe erythrocyte adhesion, ET-1 and bosentan were incubated with RBCs in thrombospondin-coated 96-well plate, which demonstrated that ET-1 decreased adhesion but that bosentan enhanced adhesion. We also assessed erythrocyte apoptosis and observed decreased eryptosis induced by ET-1, and these effects were inhibited bosentan. Thus, these findings demonstrated that ET-1 modulates HbS polymerization, erythrocyte deformability, adhesion to thrombospondin, and eryptosis, and these effects were suppressed or enhanced by bosentan.
Finite temperature energy–momentum tensor in compactified cosmic string spacetime
Authors: dos Santos W. Oliveira , de Mello E. R. Bezerra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we analyze the expectation value of the field squared and the energy–momentum tensor associated with a massive charged scalar quantum field with a nonzero chemical potential propagating in a high-dimensional compactified cosmic string spacetime in thermal equilibrium at finite temperature T. Moreover, we assume that the charged quantum field interacts with a very thin magnetic flux running along the core of the idealized cosmic string, and with a magnetic flux enclosed by the compact dimension. These observables are expressed as the vacuum expectation values and the finite temperature contributions coming from the particles and antiparticles excitations. Due to the compactification, the thermal corrections can be decomposed in a part induced by the cosmic string spacetime without compactification, plus a contribution induced by the compactification. This decompositions explicitly follows from the Abel–Plana formula used to proceed the summation over the discrete quantum number associated with the quasiperiodic condition imposed on the quantum field along the compact dimension. The expectations values of the field squared and the energy–momentum tensor are even periodic functions of the magnetic flux with period being the quantum flux, and also even functions of the chemical potential. Our main objectives in this paper concern in the investigation of the thermal corrections only. In this way we explicitly calculate the behavior of these observables in the limits of low and high temperature. We show that the temperature enhance the induced densities. In addition some graphs are also included in order to exhibit these behaviors.
Asymptotically safe Hilbert–Palatini gravity in an on-shell reduction scheme
Authors: Gies Holger , Salek Abdol Sabor 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study the renormalization flow of Hilbert–Palatini gravity to lowest non-trivial order. We find evidence for an asymptotically safe high-energy completion based on the existence of an ultraviolet fixed point similar to the Reuter fixed point of quantum Einstein gravity. In order to manage the quantization of the large number of independent degrees of freedom in terms of the metric as well as the connection, we use an on-shell reduction scheme: for this, we quantize all degrees of freedom beyond Einstein gravity at a given order that remain after using the equations of motion at the preceding order. In this way, we can straightforwardly keep track of the differences emerging from quantizing Hilbert–Palatini gravity in comparison with Einstein gravity. To lowest non-trivial order, the difference is parametrized by fluctuations of an additional abelian gauge field. The critical properties of the ultraviolet fixed point of Hilbert–Palatini gravity are similar to those of the Reuter fixed point, occurring at a smaller Newton coupling and exhibiting more stable higher order exponents.
Signal-background interference effects in Higgs-mediated diphoton production beyond NLO
Authors: Bargieła Piotr , Buccioni Federico , Caola Fabrizio , Devoto Federica , von Manteuffel Andreas , Tancredi Lorenzo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we consider signal-background interference effects in Higgs-mediated diphoton production at the LHC. After reviewing earlier works that show how to use these effects to constrain the Higgs boson total decay width, we provide predictions beyond NLO accuracy for the interference and related observables, and study the impact of QCD radiative corrections on the Higgs width determination. In particular, we use the so-called soft-virtual approximation to estimate interference effects at NNLO in QCD. The inclusion of these effects reduces the NNLO prediction for the total Higgs cross-section in the diphoton channel by about 1.7%. We study in detail the impact of QCD corrections on the Higgs-boson line-shape and its implications for the Higgs boson width extraction. In particular, we find that the shift of the Higgs resonance peak arising from interference effects gets reduced by about 30% with respect to the NLO prediction. Assuming an experimental resolution of about 150 $$\textrm{MeV}$$
MeV
on interference-induced modifications of the Higgs-boson line-shape, our NNLO analysis shows that one could constrain the Higgs-boson total width to about 10–20 times its Standard Model value.
Faster Property Testers in a Variation of the Bounded Degree Model
Authors: Adler Isolde , Fahey Polly 
Published: February 2023

Property testing algorithms are highly efficient algorithms that come with probabilistic accuracy guarantees. For a property
P
, the goal is to distinguish inputs that have
P
from those that are
far
from having
P
with high probability correctly, by querying only a small number of local parts of the input. In property testing on graphs, the
distance
is measured by the number of edge modifications (additions or deletions) that are necessary to transform a graph into one with property
P
. Much research has focused on the
query complexity
of such algorithms, i. e., the number of queries the algorithm makes to the input, but in view of applications, the
running time
of the algorithm is equally relevant.

In (Adler, Harwath, STACS 2018), a natural extension of the bounded degree graph model of property testing to relational databases of bounded degree was introduced, and it was shown that on databases of bounded degree and bounded tree-width, every property that is expressible in monadic second-order logic with counting (CMSO) is testable with constant query complexity and
sublinear
running time. It remains open whether this can be improved to constant running time.

In this article we introduce a new model, which is based on the bounded degree model, but the distance measure allows both edge (tuple) modifications and vertex (element) modifications. We show that every property that is testable in the classical model is testable in our model with the same query complexity and running time, but the converse is not true. Our main theorem shows that on databases of bounded degree and bounded tree-width, every property that is expressible in CMSO is testable with constant query complexity and
constant
running time in the new model. Our proof methods include the semilinearity of the neighborhood histograms of databases having the property and a result by Alon (Proposition 19.10 in Lovász, Large networks and graph limits, 2012) that states that for every bounded degree graph

\(\mathcal {G}\)

there exists a constant size graph

\(\mathcal {H}\)

that has a similar neighborhood distribution to

\(\mathcal {G}\)

.

It can be derived from a result in (Benjamini et al., Advances in Mathematics 2010) that hyperfinite hereditary properties are testable with constant query complexity and constant running time in the classical model (and hence in the new model). Using our methods, we give an alternative proof that hyperfinite hereditary properties are testable with constant query complexity and constant running time in the new model.
We argue that our model is natural and our meta-theorem showing constant-time CMSO testability supports this.
A Quantitative Analysis of the Nursing Students' Level of Confidence in Their Knowledge of Basic Science Concepts
Authors: RECEDE REYNALD ALFRED , Ferrer Kristel Joy , Lanot Bernadette , Gica Icy Jane , Andrade Rhezia Antoinette , Isoli Khim Nathaniel , Vitalicio Kristine Heart , Quejado Ma. Rosario , Jadaone Aldrin , Carnecer Rosario 
Published: February 2023

The study aims to determine the first-year nursing students’ level of confidence with their knowledge in basic science concepts. A total of fifty nursing students enrolled in Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Marikina for the academic year 2021-2022 were involved in the research. Among the participant
The study aims to determine the first-year nursing students’ level of confidence with their knowledge in basic science concepts. A total of fifty nursing students enrolled in Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Marikina for the academic year 2021-2022 were involved in the research. Among the participants, 52% (n=26) took a STEM program in Senior High School. Results revealed that the respondents are confident with their knowledge in basic science and agreed with the information associated with self-confidence. The students' confidence was influenced by the strand they took in senior high school, followed by the method of teaching used in the subject, and the experience in laboratory. Meanwhile, their monthly family income is the least important factor influencing their confidence. Therefore, nursing students, regardless of the strand they took in senior high, need more engagement in basic science concepts because it significantly contributes to their level of confidence and knowledge in nursing field.
s, 52% (n=26) took a STEM program in Senior High School. Results revealed that the respondents are confident with their knowledge in basic science and agreed with the information associated with self-confidence. The students' confidence was influenced by the strand they took in senior high school, followed by the method of teaching used in the subject, and the experience in laboratory. Meanwhile, their monthly family income is the least important factor influencing their confidence. Therefore, nursing students, regardless of the strand they took in senior high, need more engagement in basic science concepts because it significantly contributes to their level of confidence and knowledge in nursing field.
It’s All Because of the Classics: Yesterday’s Today’s Inspiration Cinderella Wore A Modern Dress
Authors: Ignacio Lourdes D. 
Published: February 2023

The Classics remain to be an inspiration for modern works of art. One typical example is the Classic fairy tale Cinderella which has been retold and reimagined in various ways but has maintained its Classic flavor that blends well with its modern recipes. In our highly digitized world, the Classics are depicted in a modern format called the visual novel. This study tackled Victor Shklovsky’s defamiliarization to show the familiar and unfamiliar in a modern recommunicated version of Cinderella known as Cinders, a visual novel digital platform demonstrating how this contemporary work of art is inspired by the Classics. Likewise, this paper is hinged on Stephen Jay Greenblatt’s New Historicism framework to investigate the historical developments of a Classic tale like Cinderella evolving into its eponym Cinders who wears the modern dress of a visual novel in conformity with the Millennial fashion of digitized fairy tale writing’s format, platform, and presentation. The use of Karl Marx’s and Friedrich Engel’s Cultural Materialism in this study proves how perspectives about material wealth are being differently viewed by key characters as they vigorously pursue their personal goals. Melding with these literary frameworks is the researcher’s improvisation of three (3) guiding stars as the compass that helped uncover Cinders’s Classic spark, Classic vestiges, and Millennial or Contemporary Differences from its Classic inspirer Cinderella. Finally, this undertaking discussed the contrasts between book reading of a Classic work including the digital reading and playing of a Classic reincarnated version to cap this researcher’s scholarly journey.
Egypt and Egyptology in the pan-African discourse of Amy Jacques Garvey and Marcus Garvey
Authors: Davies Vanessa 
Published: February 2023

Amy Jacques Garvey and Marcus Garvey argued for the Africanity of ancient Nile Valley cultures, in direct opposition to some academics. In early 20th-century United States, incorrect narratives alleged that Africa had no history. The Garveys, and other Black intellectuals, looked to the Nile Valley to show the absurdity of that claim. The pan-Africanism of Garveyism instilled pride in African descended communities and united them against colonial structures. Pan-Africanism factored strongly in President Gamal Abdel Nasser’s conception of the modern nation-state of Egypt. Egyptian scholars from a variety of fields, including Nile Valley studies, continue to understand ancient Egypt as part of a network of African cultures.
Keywords: Amy Jacques Garvey, Marcus Garvey, Gamal Abdel Nasser, pan-Africanism, Egyptology, Egypt
Distinct Impacts of Two Types of Summer ENSO with Different Temporal Evolutions on the Asian Summer Monsoon: Role of the Tropical Indo-Western Pacific
Authors: Yang Xianke , Huang Ping , Hu Peng , Wang Zhibiao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
ENSO shows great diversity in temporal evolution, exerting different climatic impacts on the global scale. Previous studies suggest that summer ENSOs can be classified into two types with different evolutions: “continuing ENSOs” persist from the previous winter and “emerging ENSOs” newly develop from late spring. In this study, we define two indices for continuing and emerging ENSOs via the linear combination of the two leading modes of the evolutionary anomalies of tropical sea surface temperature (SST) from the prior September to August, which reflects the distinct characteristics of the two types of ENSO well. The two types of ENSO dominate the two leading modes of the SST variability in the tropical Indo–western Pacific (TIWP) and the related Asian summer monsoon anomalies. During continuing ENSOs, the related TIWP SST anomalies show positive anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean and northwest Pacific and negative ones in the New Guinea region. The warm Kelvin wave forced by the tropical Indian Ocean warming propagates into the tropical western Pacific, exciting the meridional East Asia–Pacific/Pacific–Japan pattern and causing a dipole precipitation pattern in East Asia. During emerging ENSOs, the related TIWP SST anomalies show negative anomalies in the warm pool and positive ones in the western Indian Ocean. The negative SST anomalies in the warm pool induce a westward equatorial Rossby wave conducive to the suppression of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall, whereas the Matsuno–Gill response to the warm pool cooling leads to negative anomalies in East Asian summer rainfall. This mechanism can be simulated well in the CMIP6 and Pacific Ocean–Global Atmosphere experiments.

Significance Statement
ENSO displays diversity in its amplitude, spatial pattern, temporal evolution, and impact. Although previous studies have systematically investigated the diversity of ENSO spatial locations, there are few studies on the diversity of ENSO evolution and the impacts on the Asian summer monsoon. Here, we define two indices for so-called continuing and emerging ENSOs via the linear combination of the two leading modes of the evolutionary anomalies of tropical sea surface temperature (SST) from the prior September to August. Then, we reveal that the two leading modes of the tropical Indo–western Pacific SST variability are dominated by the two types of ENSO, respectively, and act as a bridge via which the two types of ENSO can exert different impacts on the Asian summer monsoon.