bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformation von GRAFCET in GAL auf Basis eines ausführlichen Metamodells zur Verifikation von Entwurfsfehlern
Authors: Schnakenbeck Aron , Mroß Robin , Völker Marcus , Kowalewski Stefan , Fay Alexander 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGRAFCET is a graphical means for formal specifications in industrial control design. In order to use these formal specifications for model-driven development of control code, it is beneficial to ensure syntactic correctness and verify the model. This paper presents a detailed meta-model for GRAFCET that includes logical and arithmetic expressions in conditions and assignments. The meta-model and additional invariants allow for creation of syntactically correct Grafcets. On this basis, a translation of GRAFCET into Guarded Action Language (GAL) is presented. The resulting transition systems in GAL allow a semantic analysis of GRAFCET by means of model checking. From these GRAFCET specifications, specification-compliant PLC code can be generated automatically.
A concept for providing and utilizing metadata in data analytics applications
Authors: Li Wan , Kleinert Tobias 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Providing data for data analysis projects is one core task of automation technology, however, it still has to be done with a lot of manual effort. One challenge is to keep the meaning of data remain interpretable within or across multiple software environments so that provider and user of data share a common understanding of the transferred data. It is acknowledged that machine interpretable metadata is one crucial building block for reaching this goal. However, in industrial automation and information systems today, exporting and utilizing data coupled with metadata is still not a common practice. Therefore, we propose a general concept for extracting metadata and utilizing it in data analytics applications, which may help with system design in the future. The concept is prototypically implemented regarding the structural metadata for tabular data.
Semiconductor lasers with integrated metasurfaces for direct output beam modulation, enabled by innovative fabrication methods
Authors: Wen Dandan , Crozier Kenneth B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Semiconductor lasers play critical roles in many different systems, ranging from optical communications to absorption spectroscopy for environmental monitoring. Despite numerous applications, many semiconductor lasers have problems such as significant beam divergence and polarization instability. External optical elements like objective lenses and polarizers are usually needed to address these issues. This Review will discuss how these issues have recently been dealt with by instead integrating metasurfaces into semiconductor lasers. This necessitates the development of innovative fabrication methods; these will also be the topic of this Review. Metasurfaces can be integrated on the emitting facet of a laser. This can help select the lasing mode or can be used just to modify the output beam properties without affecting the modes. They can also be integrated monolithically with lasers through waveguides, or work in an external cavity configuration. These integrated devices provide novel optical functions, such as direct orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode generation, wavelength tuning and holographic pattern generation. We hope this Review will help extend the use of metasurface-integrated semiconductor lasers to scientific and industrial systems that employ lasers.
Enhanced electrochromic switching contrast in the blue by 3,4-propylenedioxypyrrole – implementation on structural colors
Authors: Olsson Oliver , Gugole Marika , Dahlin Andreas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recent advances in nanofabrication technologies have enabled new ways to produce structural colors. By combining nanofabrication methods, it is possible to integrate electrochromic materials with the nanostructures, which enable electrical tuning of the colors and thus new types of reflective displays. Previous work has shown high quality colors and high switching contrast in general. However, so far the intensity modulation has always been more limited in the blue. In this work we prepare blue structural colors and synthesize films of an electrochromic polymer (PProDOP) that is optimized for high contrast in this spectral region. A protocol for electropolymerization of PProDOP on gold surfaces is presented. The polymer films are shown to follow Lambert–Beer behavior and can provide up to 75% contrast (difference in transmittivity). On blue nanostructures, the reflectivity can be modulated with a contrast of 50%, which is a considerable improvement in comparison with previous work. The results presented here should be useful for electrochromic or other electro-optical devices operating in the blue spectral region.
Mandarin Chinese peer advice online: a study of gender disparity
Authors: Tang Chihsia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the higher education environment, peer-to-peer evaluation is a common learning activity and is beneficial to students’ development. Nevertheless, peer evaluations often include unsolicited advice, which potentially damages the face of advice-receivers and their interpersonal relationship with advice-givers. In the literature, little is known about how the potentially face-destructive advice messages in the academic discourse are pragmatically constructed by Chinese speakers who generally define advice-giving as a rapport-building behavior. The present study, therefore, investigated how Chinese language users rhetorically manage their unsolicited peer advice in an online learning activity. Also, whether and how the gender of the advice-givers and receivers exert impacts on the advice configurations in the formal institutional setting were examined. The corpus involved 1,118 units of advice speech events elicited from peer evaluations given by 43 Chinese-speaking Taiwanese students. The results revealed that the institutional context where the advice was addressed was critical to the advice-giver’s linguistic implicitness and selections of redressive modifiers. Besides, the gender of both the advice-givers and receivers had significant impacts on the pragmatics of the given advice. While the females often employedconditionalconstructions andreasoningdiscursive moves, the males preferred usingsubjectivizersto redress their advice, especially those addressed to men.
CFD analysis of flow control in compressor cascade using MVGs
Authors: Verma Jai Bhan , Agrawal Mohan , Joshi Ganapati N. , Chandel Sunil , Prakash Ved , Mishra Ranjan K. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present study reports the numerical investigation of the compressor cascade. To minimize the separation phenomenon in the compressor cascade, a passive flow control device i.e. Micro Vortex Generator (MVG) is utilized. MVG is a very simple and lightweight attachment mounted infront of the leading edge of the cascade blade. Due to being passive in nature, it neither consumes power nor requires any external device to actuate. The numerical simulations were carried out on a highly loaded compressor cascade at an angle of incidence of −1° under subsonic conditions at Mach number 0.2. The profile of the compressor cascade blade was double circular arc (DCA), unsymmetrical and cambered at 40°. Two different types of micro vortex generators were mounted infront of the leading edge in the compressor cascade to control the secondary flows since secondary flows were responsible for various losses in cascade. To analyze the flow under incompressoible state of air (M = 0.2), Star CCM + software has been used. To simulate the flow under turbulent condition, k-ω SST turbulence model was used. A velocity profile of 25 mm boundary layer thickness was extracted and used as an input in the compressor cascade. Mounting of MVG on compressor cascade enhanced drag but also increased lift. Total pressure loss coefficient (TPLC) was calculated to compare the losses. The aerodynamic efficiency in terms of coefficient of lift and coefficient of drag has been used to study the effect of MVG over cascade. It is found that there is reduction in total pressure loss coefficient (TPLC) for trapezoidal and curved trapezoidal types of MVGs and the decrease in percentage are 2.17 and 8.86%, respectively. Alos, aerodynamic efficiency is increased by mounting trapezoidal and curved trapezoidal types of MVG and the increase in percentages are 2.03 and 3.10%, respectively.
Numerical study of transition process in different zones of a compressor cascade channel
Authors: Li Xiang , Zheng Qun , Li Hefei , Yan Wei , Jiang Bin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The complex vortex structure compressor leads to the problem that the transition model is insufficient in predicting the flow instability of the compressor. In this paper, the rectangular cascade of compressor of different turning-angle conditions is taken as the object, and the transition characteristics on the end wall and the blade surface of the compressor cascade are in comparison by the method of large eddy simulation/LES. The effects of the horseshoe vortex and the separation bubble over the compressor cascade on the transition process are emphatically discussed. By analyzing characteristic parameters of the vortex structure, it is found that the separated transitional flow corresponds to multiple separations-and reattachments of the shedding vortex, and is affected by the cross-flow transition and the separate-transition. Finally, by discussing the instability of the separation line, reattachment line and the cross-flow inflection point of the separated transitional flow, it reveals that the transient disturbance caused by the vortex motion is an important reason affecting the prediction accuracy of the transition model.
Estrogen receptor alpha signaling in dendritic cells modulates autoimmune disease phenotype in mice
Authors: Khaw Yee Ming , Anwar Shehata , Zhou Jinyan , Kawano Tasuku , Lin Po‐Ching , Otero Ashley , Barakat Radwa , Drnevich Jenny , Takahashi Tomoko , Ko CheMyong Jay , Inoue Makoto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEstrogen is a disease‐modifying factor in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). However, the mechanisms by which ERα signaling contributes to changes in disease pathogenesis have not been completely elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that ERα deletion in dendritic cells (DCs) of mice induces severe neurodegeneration in the central nervous system in a mouse EAE model and resistance to interferon beta (IFNβ), a first‐line MS treatment. Estrogen synthesized by extragonadal sources is crucial for controlling disease phenotypes. Mechanistically, activated ERα directly interacts with TRAF3, a TLR4 downstream signaling molecule, to degrade TRAF3 via ubiquitination, resulting in reduced IRF3 nuclear translocation and transcription of membrane lymphotoxin (mLT) and IFNβ components. Diminished ERα signaling in DCs generates neurotoxic effector CD4+ T cells via mLT‐lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTβR) signaling. Lymphotoxin beta receptor antagonist abolished EAE disease symptoms in the DC‐specific ERα‐deficient mice. These findings indicate that estrogen derived from extragonadal sources, such as lymph nodes, controls TRAF3‐mediated cytokine production in DCs to modulate the EAE disease phenotype.
Human microbiota associated IL-10−/− mice: A valuable enterocolitis model to dissect the interactions of Campylobacter jejuni with host immunity and gut microbiota
Authors: Shayya Nizar W. , Foote Minnja S. , Langfeld Luis Q. , Du Ke , Bandick Rasmus , Mousavi Soraya , Bereswill Stefan , Heimesaat Markus M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSecondary abiotic (SAB) IL-10−/− mice constitute a valuable Campylobacter jejuni-induced enterocolitis model. Given that the host-specific gut microbiota plays a key role in susceptibility of the vertebrate host towards or resistance against enteropathogenic infection, we surveyed immunopathological sequelae of C. jejuni infection in human microbiota associated (hma) and SAB IL-10−/− mice. Following oral challenge, C. jejuni readily colonized the gastrointestinal tract of hma and SAB mice, but with lower numbers in the former versus the latter. Whereas hma mice were clinically less severely compromised, both, macroscopic and microscopic inflammatory sequelae of C. jejuni infection including histopathological and apoptotic cell responses in the colon of IL-10−/− mice were comparably pronounced in the presence and absence of a human gut microbiota at day 6 post-infection. Furthermore, C. jejuni infection of hma and SAB mice resulted in similarly enhanced immune cell responses in the colon and in differential pro-inflammatory mediator secretion in the intestinal tract, which also held true for extra-intestinal including systemic compartments. Notably, C. jeuni infection of hma mice was associated with distinct gut microbiota shifts. In conclusion, hma IL-10−/− mice represent a reliable C. jejuni-induced enterocolitis model to dissect the interactions of the enteropathogen, vertebrate host immunity and human gut microbiota.
Oktatási módszerek az általános iskolások körében, a Covid-19 járvány idején
Authors: Kukucska Zsuzsa 
Published: January 2023

The research focuses on the effects of the Covid-19 epidemic among primary school children, the transformations of the educational framework, within the study focuses on pedagogical perspectives. Mandatory online education frameworks have drawn attention to the differences between classroom lessons and digital teaching, the background dimensions of the teaching profession, which can also be interpreted as challenges in today’s education system. Accordingly, the study reflects the social and mental problems generated by the pandemic, the digitalisation that has become necessary in the field of education, the difficulties in the delivery of curricula affecting teachers, that is the pedagogical state of emergency and quarantine pedagogy. A pedagogical database teaching in small and large cities provides a basis for changes in teaching methods (n = 12). As a result, they have been able to present school-specific cases of online education, efforts to deliver digital learning materials, along with the difficulties in many cases and the innovations that can be incorporated later.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Muslim Terhadap Kehalalan Produk
Authors: Andini Pratiwi Pusphito 
Published: January 2023

Pasal 4 Undang- Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 Tentang Jaminan Produk Halal merupakan salah satu regulasi mengenai kehalalan suatu produk. Pada fakta dilapangan masih ada beberapa produk atau komposisi-komposisi yang masih bisa lolos uji kehalalan meskipun produk atau komposisi tersebut tidak halal. Permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan konsumen muslim, bahwa pada produk makanan dan minuman yang berlabel halal adalah untuk melindungi konsumen dan hak-hak konsumen muslim terhadap produk yang tidak halal. Memberikan kepastian hukum kepada konsumen muslim bahwa produk makanan dan minuman tersebut benar-benar halal sesuai yang disyariatkan oleh Hukum Islam. Terdapat beberapa Pasal yang berkaitan dengan kehalalan produk makanan yaitu Pasal 97 ayat (1), (2) dan (3) Undang-undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2012 tentang Pangan. Dalam memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen, pengaturan tentang sertifikasi halal juga terdapat dalam dalam Pasal 23 sampai Pasal 27 Undang-Undang Jaminan Produk Halal yang mengatur tentang hak serta kewajiban pihak pelaku usaha dalam menghasilkan produk makanan halal, tidak hanya menyangkut mengenai produk makanan halal saja, tetapi juga terdapat pengecualian kepada pihak pelaku usaha yang memproduksi makanan dari bahan yang diharamkan dengan kewajiban memberikan label tidak halal pada bagian kemasan makanan yang mudah dilihat dan sulit terhapus. Dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen terdapat dua jenis sanksi yang diancamkan kepada pelaku usaha yang melanggar. Sanksi-sanksi ini dibedakan dalam dua kategori, yaitu sanksi administrasi yang diatur dalam Pasal 60 Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen dan sanksi pidana pokok, yang diatur dalam Pasal 61 Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen.
THORACIC CT-SCAN WITH EGFR MUTATIONS IN PULMONARY ADENOCARCINOMA PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY METASTASES AT DR. MOEWARDI HOSPITAL, SURAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: Viska Wahyu Arianti  , Widiastuti Soewondo  , Sulistiyani Kusumaningrum  , Muhammad Lukman Hermansyah  , Yusup Subagio Sutanto  , Hari Wujoso  
Published: January 2023

Highlights

The thoracic CT scan can be an alternative evaluation before administering EGFR-targeting medicine to patients.
EGFR is now a therapeutic target for lung cancer.

Abstract
Background: EGFR mutation is one of the molecular markers associated with prognosis and therapy in lung adenocarcinoma patients, including with lung metastases. The predominant imaging modality for assessing lung cancer is a chest CT scan, which correlates with prognosis. Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma based on chest CT-Scan and EGFR mutation in lung adenocarcinoma with lung metastases. Material and Method: This study involved 65 lung adenocarcinoma patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia, from January 2018-December 2020. Result: Chest CT-Scan and EGFR mutation were assessed in all subjects. EGFR mutation was found in 32 (49.8%) subjects. The risk of EGFR mutation was found to be higher in patients with lung adenocarcinoma who had lung metastases in a peripheral location (OR=11.56; 95%CI 3.57-37.33; p<0.001), tumor size <4 cm (OR=8.00; 95%CI 2.64-24.22; p<0.001), and semi-solid density (OR=5.21; 95%CI 1.79-15.19; p=0.002). Conclusion: EGFR mutation is associated with tumor location, size, and thickness based on chest CT-Scan in lung adenocarcinoma with lung metastases patients.
Effect of Planting Distance and Chicken Mnure on Growth and Production of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
Authors: Arifin Saiful , WDP Al Machfudz , Ambarwati Lydia Kusuma 
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spacing and chicken manure on the growth and production of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) plant. This research was conducted in April-June 2021 in Jiken Village, Tulangan District, Sidoarjo. The experiment was arranged in a factorial manner in a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is plant spacing, consisiting of: 25 x 50, 35 x 50, 45 x 50 while the second factor is chicken manure consisting of: on chicken manure, chicken manure 5 tons/ha and 10 tons/ha chicken manure. Observation variables consist of plant heigh, number of leaves. stem diameter, fruit number, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit wet weight, fruit dry weight and harvest index. The data were analyzed by5% ANOVA followed by the Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) test at the 5% level. The result showed that there was a significant interaction between plant spacing and chicken manure on the observed variable of okra harvest index. Plant spacing treatment had no significant effect on the observed variables of plant heigt, number of leaves. stem diameter, fruit number, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit wet weight and fruit dry weight. The application of chicken manure had a significant effect on the observed variables of plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of fruit and harvest index. The combination of treatment spacing (45 x 50) and chicken manure at a dose of 10 tons/ha resulted in the highest growth and pcroduction of okra plants.
Resolving Quaternary Tectonic Activity with High-Resolution Data in Space and Time
Authors: Ren Zhikun , Zielke Olaf , Chevalier Marie-Luce , Nissen Edwin , Zhang Huiping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Large earthquakes are among the most dangerous natural disasters with potentially devastating effects on society and infrastructure across the globe. In order to better understand earthquakes, research in active tectonics aims at quantifying crustal deformation throughout the active fault’s earthquake cycles by studying geomorphic and stratigraphic evidence of recent and past earthquakes. The underlying assumption in this approach is that a fault’s current and previous seismic behavior is representative of its future behavior. Constraining a fault’s seismic behavior in such a manner requires high-resolution geomorphic and stratigraphic records that enable us to resolve the spatial and temporal characteristics of co-, post-, and interseismic phases, ideally over multiple earthquake cycles. Recent technological developments have dramatically increased not only the amount and resolution of topographic and geophysical survey data sets but also our ability to date stratigraphic units and geomorphic surfaces. These technological advances have enabled us to better understand the interplay between crustal deformation, earthquake ruptures, and their signature in geomorphic and stratigraphic records. In particular, the availability of high-resolution data sets from LiDAR, SfM, or geophysical surveys and the use of accurate dating methods such as cosmogenic or OSL dating allow us to quantitatively study surface deformation at high spatial resolution over large areas and at multiple time scales—from a few years to millions of years. In this special issue, we focus on the tectonic activity of active faults and the geomorphic processes in various tectonic regimes worldwide. It covers active tectonics, earthquake geology, remote sensing, tectonic geomorphology, Quaternary geochronology, geohazard, and seismology.
Grain sizes and minerals in sediments in a part of the Vietnamese Gulf of Tonkin
Authors: Nhon Dang Hoai , Thao Nguyen Van , Thanh Tran Duc , Ve Nguyen Dac , Vuong Bui Van , Thuy Lai Thi Bich , Loan Bui Thi Thanh , Chien Hoang Thi , Nghi Duong Thanh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Grain sizes and minerals from Gulf of Tonkin sediments were evaluated from 30 surface samples and 50 core samples in two cores, distribution of grain sizes and minerals to help understand sediment characteristics, origins, and environmental dynamics. There were five sediment types: Fine and very fine sands were found nearshore where land-sea interactions were stronger than offshore, whereas very coarse, coarse, and medium silts were found offshore, in small bays, river mouths with weak land-sea interactions, or near source sediment supplies. Minerals in sediment were identified as decreasing in the content of quartz, illite, kaolinite, chlorite, feldspar, goethite, halite, calcite, gibbsite, aragonite, and montmorillonite. Content of major minerals such as quartz, illite, kaolinite, and chlorite varied from nearshore to offshore; quartz was higher nearshore than offshore; illite, kaolinite, and chlorite in nearshore were lower than offshore; calcite and aragonite were low nearshore and hight in offshore; goethite was lower offshore and higher nearshore, while halite was high in offshore and low in the nearshore. The origin of the sediments is weathering and erosion from the mainland and islands under the river and sea processes distributed in the Gulf of Tonkin with quartz, illite, kaolinite, feldspar, chlorite and montmorillonite present in the sediment. Geochemical processes produced goethite, gibbsite, halite and pyrite in the sediments. Biological substances produced calcite and aragonite.