bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Volumetric Mechanosensation of MCF7 Breast Cancer Spheroids in a Linear Stiffness Gradient GelAGE
Authors: Vahala Danielle , Amos Sebastian E. , Sacchi Marta , Soliman Bram G. , Hepburn Matt S. , Mowla Alireza , Li Jiayue , Jeong Ji Hoon , Astell Chrissie , Hwang Yongsung , Kennedy Brendan F. , Lim Khoon S. , Choi Yu Suk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment presents spatiotemporal shifts in biomechanical properties with cancer progression. Hydrogel biomaterials like GelAGE offer the stiffness tuneability to recapitulate dynamic changes in tumor tissues by altering photo‐energy exposures. Here, a tuneable hydrogel with spatiotemporal control of stiffness and mesh‐network is developed. The volume of MCF7 spheroids encapsulated in a linear stiffness gradient demonstrates an inverse relationship with stiffness (p < 0.0001). As spheroids are exposed to increased crosslinking (stiffer) and greater mechanical confinement, spheroid stiffness increases. Protein expression (TRPV4, β1 integrin, E‐cadherin, and F‐actin) decreases with increasing stiffness while showing strong correlations to spheroid volume (r2 > 0.9). To further investigate the role of volume, MCF7 spheroids are grown in a soft matrix for 5 days prior to a second polymerisation which presents a stiffness gradient to equally expanded spheroids. Despite being exposed to variable stiffness, these spheroids show even protein expression, confirming volume as a key regulator. Overall, this work showcases the versatility of GelAGE and demonstrates volume expansion as a key regulator of 3D mechanosensation in MCF7 breast cancer spheroids. This platform has the potential to further investigation into the role of stiffness and dimensionality in 3D spheroid culture for other types of cancers and diseases.
Nonflammable Polyfluorides‐Anchored Quasi‐Solid Electrolytes for Ultra‐Safe Anode‐Free Lithium Pouch Cells without Thermal Runaway
Authors: Hu Anjun , Chen Wei , Li Fei , He Miao , Chen Dongjiang , Li Yaoyao , Zhu Jun , Yan Yichao , Long Jianping , Hu Yin , Lei Tianyu , Li Baihai , Wang Xianfu , Xiong Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe safe operation of rechargeable batteries is crucial because of numerous instances of fire and explosion mishaps. However, battery chemistry involving metallic lithium (Li) as the anode is prone to thermal runaway in flammable organic electrolytes under abusive conditions. Herein, an in situ encapsulation strategy is proposed to construct nonflammable quasi‐solid electrolytes through the radical polymerization of a hexafluorobutyl acrylate (HFBA) monomer and a pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETEA) crosslinker. The quasi‐solid system eliminates the inherent flammability of ether electrolytes with zero self‐extinguishing time owing to the gas‐phase radical capturing ability of HFBA. Additionally, the graphitized carbon layer generated during the decomposition of PETEA at high temperatures obstructs the heat and oxygen required for combustion. When coupled with Au‐modified reduced graphene oxide anodic current collectors and lithium sulfide cathodes, the assembled anode‐free Li‐metal cell based on the quasi‐solid electrolyte exhibits no signs of cell expansion or gas generation during cycling, and thermal runaway is eliminated under multiple mechanical, electrical, and thermal abuse scenarios and even rigorous strikes. This nonflammable quasi‐solid configuration with gas‐ and condensed‐phase flame‐retardant mechanisms can drive a technological leap in anode‐free Li‐metal pouch cells and secure the practical applications necessary to power this society in a safe manner.
Highly Efficient Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Self‐Assembled Colloidal Quantum Wells
Authors: Zhu Yunke , Deng Yunzhou , Bai Peng , Wu Xinan , Yao Yige , Liu Qinyun , Qiu Jingjing , Hu An , Tang Zhenyu , Yu Wenjin , Li Yaolong , Jiang Pengzuo , Liu Zhetong , Gao Peng , Hao Yanlei , Jin Wangxiao , Chen Desui , Zhu Xitong , Jin Yizheng , Gao Yunan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNanocrystal‐based light‐emitting diodes (Nc‐LEDs) have immense potential for next‐generation high‐definition displays and lighting applications. They offer numerous advantages, such as low cost, high luminous efficiency, narrow emission, and long lifetime. However, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of Nc‐LEDs, typically employing isotropic nanocrystals, is limited by the out‐coupling factor. Here efficient, bright, and long lifetime red Nc‐LEDs based on anisotropic nanocrystals of colloidal quantum wells (CQWs) are demonstrated. Through modification of the substrate's surface properties and control of the interactions among CQWs, a self‐assembled layer with an exceptionally high distribution of in‐plane transitions dipole moment of 95%, resulting in an out‐coupling factor of 37% is successfully spin‐coated. The devices exhibit a remarkable peak EQE of 26.9%, accompanied by a maximum brightness of 55 754 cd m−2 and a long operational lifetime (T95@100 cd m−2) over 15 000 h. These achievements represent a significant advancement compared to previous studies on Nc‐LEDs incorporating anisotropic nanocrystals. The work is expected to provide a general self‐assembly strategy for enhancing the light extraction efficiency of Nc‐LEDs based on anisotropic nanocrystals.
In Situ Engineering of Inorganic‐Rich Solid Electrolyte Interphases via Anion Choice Enables Stable, Lithium Anodes
Authors: Weeks Jason A. , Burrow James N. , Diao Jiefeng , Paul‐Orecchio Austin G. , Srinivasan Hrishikesh S. , Vaidyula Rinish Reddy , Dolocan Andrei , Henkelman Graeme , Mullins C. Buddie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe discovery of liquid battery electrolytes that facilitate the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) to mitigate dendrite formation is imperative to enable lithium anodes in next‐generation energy‐dense batteries. Compared to traditional electrolyte solvents, tetrahydrofuran (THF)‐based electrolyte systems have demonstrated great success in enabling high‐stability lithium anodes by encouraging the decomposition of anions (instead of organic solvent) and thus generating inorganic‐rich SEIs. Herein, by employing a variety of different lithium salts (i.e., LiPF6, LiTFSI, LiFSI, and LiDFOB), it is demonstrated that electrolyte anions modulate the inorganic composition and resulting properties of the SEI. Through novel analytical time‐of‐flight secondary‐ion mass spectrometry methods, such as hierarchical clustering of depth profiles and compositional analysis using integrated yields, the chemical composition and morphology of the SEIs generated from each electrolyte system are examined. Notably, the LiDFOB electrolyte provides an exceptionally stable system to enable lithium anodes, delivering >1500 cycles at a current density of 0.5 mAh g−1 and a capacity of 0.5 mAh g−1 in symmetrical cells. Furthermore, Li//LFP cells using this electrolyte demonstrate high‐rate, reversible lithium storage, supplying 139 mAh g(LFP)−1 at C/2 (≈0.991 mAh cm−2, @ 0.61 mA cm−2) with 87.5% capacity retention over 300 cycles (average Coulombic efficiency >99.86%).
A Dual‐Functional MXene‐Based Bioanode for Wearable Self‐Charging Biosupercapacitors
Authors: Guan Shoujie , Yang Yang , Wang Yuyang , Zhu Xun , Ye Dingding , Chen Rong , Liao Qiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs a reliable energy‐supply platform for wearable electronics, biosupercapacitors combine the characteristics of biofuel cells and supercapacitors to harvest and store the energy from human's sweat. However, the bulky preparation process and deep embedding of enzyme active sites in bioelectrodes usually limit the energy‐harvesting process, retarding the practical power‐supply sceneries especially during the complicated in vivo motion. Herein, a MXene/single‐walled carbon nanotube/lactate oxidase hierarchical structure as the dual‐functional bioanode is designed, which can not only provide a superior 3D catalytic microenvironment for enzyme accommodation to harvest energy from sweat, but also offers sufficient capacitance to store energy via the electrical double‐layer capacitor. A wearable biosupercapacitor is fabricated in the “island–bridge” structure with a composite bioanode, active carbon/Pt cathode, polyacrylamide hydrogel substrate, and liquid metal conductor. The device exhibits an open‐circuit voltage of 0.48 V and the high power density of 220.9 µW cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2. The compact conformal adhesion with skin is successfully maintained under stretching/bending conditions. After repeatedly stretching the devices, there is no significant power attenuation in pulsed output. The unique bioelectrode structure and attractive energy harvesting/storing properties demonstrate the promising potential of this biosupercapacitor as a micro self‐powered platform of wearable electronics.
Highly Stable and Efficient Formamidinium‐Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells via Lattice Manipulation
Authors: Zeng Fang , Kong Weiyu , Liang Yuhang , Li Feng , Lvtao Yuze , Su Zhenhuang , Wang Tao , Peng Bingguo , Ye Longfang , Chen Zhenhua , Gao Xingyu , Huang Jun , Zheng Rongkun , Yang Xudong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFormamidinium (FA)‐based 2D perovskites have emerged as highly promising candidates in solar cells. However, the insertion of 2D spacer cations into the perovskite lattice concomitantly introduces microstrain and unfavorable orientations that hinder efficiency and stability. In this study, by finely tuning the FA‐based 2D perovskite lattice through spacer cation engineering, a stable lattice structure with balanced distortion, microstrain relaxation, and reduced carrier–lattice interactions is achieved. These advancements effectively stabilize the inherently soft lattice against light and thermal‐aging stress. To reduce the photocurrent loss induced by undesired crystal texture, a polarity‐matched molecular‐type selenourea (SENA) additive is further employed to modulate the crystallization kinetics. The introduction of the SENA significantly inhibits the disordered crystallization induced by spacer cations and drives the templated growth of the quantum well structure with a vertical orientation. This controlled crystallization process effectively reduces crystal defects and enhances charge separation. Ultimately, the optimized FA‐based perovskite photovoltaic devices achieve a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.03% (certified steady‐state efficiency of 19.30%), setting a new record for low‐n 2D perovskite solar cells. Furthermore, the devices exhibit less than 1% efficiency degradation after operating at maximum power point for 1000 h and maintain excellent stability after thermal aging and cycles of cold–warm shock, respectively.
The State‐of‐the‐Art Solution‐Processed Single Component Organic Photodetectors Achieved by Strong Quenching of Intermolecular Emissive State and High Quadrupole Moment in Non‐Fullerene Acceptors
Authors: Park Song Yi , Labanti Chiara , Pacalaj Richard A. , Lee Tack Ho , Dong Yifan , Chin Yi‐Chun , Luke Joel , Ryu Gihan , Minami Daiki , Yun Sungyoung , Park Jeong‐Il , Fang Feifei , Park Kyung‐Bae , Durrant James R. , Kim Ji‐Seon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) blend is commonly used as the photoactive layer in organic photodetectors (OPDs) to utilize the donor (D)/acceptor (A) interfacial energetic offset for exciton dissociation. However, this strategy often complicates optimization procedures, raising serious concerns over device processability, reproducibility, and stability. Herein, highly efficient OPDs fabricated with single‐component organic semiconductors are demonstrated via solution‐processing. The non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with strong intrinsic D/A character are used as the photoactive layer, where the emissive intermolecular charge transfer excitonic (CTE) states are formed within <1 ps, and efficient photocurrent generation is achieved via strong quenching of these CTE states by reverse bias. Y6 and IT‐4F‐based OPDs show excellent OPD performances, low dark current density (≈10−9 A cm−2), high responsivity (≥0.15 A W−1), high specific detectivity (>1012 Jones), and fast photo‐response time (<10 µs), comparable to the state‐of‐the‐art BHJ OPDs. Together with strong CTE state quenching by electric field, these excellent OPD performances are also attributed to the high quadrupole moments of NFA molecules, which can lead to large interfacial energetic offset for efficient CTE dissociation. This work opens a new way to realize efficient OPDs using single‐component systems via solution‐processing and provides important molecular design rules.
Can We See SEI Directly by Naked Eyes?
Authors: Wang Mengshi , Liang Hongmei , Wang Chengyu , Wang Aiping , Song Youzhi , Wang Jianlong , Wang Bo , Wei Yen , He Xiangming , Yang Yang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is the key to improve the electrochemical performance of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). However, there are still many puzzles about SEI film that have not been well explained, due to the complexity of electrochemical reactions involving in SEI formation and the absence of direct observation methods for SEI. Here, this work realizes the direct observation of SEI by skillfully designed fluorescent tracers acting as an SEI film‐forming additive for electrolytes. These fluorescent tracers have three important moieties: an olefin group for polymerization on anode surface so as to participate in SEI film formation during charge/discharge cycles, a polar group for Li‐ion conduction, and an AIEgen for fluorescent tracing. Therefore, the tracers participate in SEI film‐forming and result in a shining SEI film. This shining SEI film with intrinsic fluorescence signal allows direct observation and quantification on the distribution, relative abundance, and macro morphology of SEI. These fluorescent tracers can also reveal the SEI formation growth destruction regularity during charge/discharge cycles. Several summarized typical macro morphologies and evolution stages of SEI will enrich knowledge and understanding of SEI and help to gain insight into the interaction between electrolyte and anode, electrochemical performance, and cycle life of batteries.
High‐Stroke, High‐Output‐Force, Fabric‐Lattice Artificial Muscles for Soft Robots
Authors: Yang Dezhi , Feng Miao , Gu Guoying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArtificial muscles, providing safe and close interaction between humans and machines, are essential in soft robotics. However, their insufficient deformation, output force, or configurability usually limits their applications. Herein, this work presents a class of lightweight fabric‐lattice artificial muscles (FAMs) that are pneumatically actuated with large contraction ratios (up to 87.5%) and considerable output forces (up to a load of 20 kg, force‐to‐weight ratio of over 250). The developed FAMs consist of a group of active air chambers that are zigzag connected into a lattice through passive connecting layers. The geometry of these fabric components is programmable to convert the in‐plane lattice of FAMs into out‐of‐plane configurations (e.g., arched and cylindrical) capable of linear/radial contraction. This work further demonstrates that FAMs can be configured for various soft robotic applications, including the powerful robotic elbow with large motion range and high load capability, the well‐fitting assistive shoulder exosuit that can reduce muscle activity during abduction, and the adaptive soft gripper that can grasp irregular objects. These results show the unique features and broad potential of FAMs for high‐performance soft robots.
MXene‐Induced Flexible, Water‐Retention, Semi‐Interpenetrating Network Hydrogel for Ultra‐Stable Strain Sensors with Real‐Time Gesture Recognition
Authors: Zhao Lianjia , Xu Hao , Liu Lingchen , Zheng Yiqiang , Han Wei , Wang Lili 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs water‐saturated polymer networks, hydrogels are a growing family of soft materials that have recently become promising candidates for flexible electronics application. However, it remains still difficult for hydrogel‐based strain sensors to achieve the organic unity of mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and water retention. To address this challenge, based on the template, the excellent properties of MXene nanoflakes (rich surface functional groups, high specific surface area, hydrophilicity, and conductivity) are fully utilized in this study to prepare the P(AA‐co‐AM)/MXene@PDADMAC semi‐interpenetrating network (semi‐IPN) hydrogel. The proposed hydrogel continues to exhibit excellent strain response and flexibility after 30 days of storage at room temperature, and its performance do not decrease after 1100 cycles. Considering these characteristics, a hydrogel‐based device for converting sign language into Chinese characters is successfully developed and optimized using machine learning. Therefore, this study provides novel insight and application directions for hydrogel families.
Retinomorphic Motion Detector Fabricated with Organic Infrared Semiconductors
Authors: Wu Shuo‐En , Zeng Longhui , Zhai Yichen , Shin Chanho , Eedugurala Naresh , Azoulay Jason D. , Ng Tse Nga 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic retinomorphic sensors offer the advantage of in‐sensor processing to filter out redundant static backgrounds and are well suited for motion detection. To improve this promising structure, here, the key role of interfacial energetics in promoting charge accumulation to raise the inherent photoresponse of the light‐sensitive capacitor is studied. Specifically, incorporating appropriate interfacial layers around the photoactive layer is crucial to extend the carrier lifetime, as confirmed by intensity‐modulated photovoltage spectroscopy. Compared to its photodiode counterpart, the retinomorphic sensor shows better detectivity and response speed due to the additional insulating layer, which reduces the dark current and the RC time constant. Lastly, three retinomorphic sensors are integrated into a line array to demonstrate the detection of movement speed and direction, showing the potential of retinomorphic designs for efficient motion tracking.
A novel missense variant in ATP11C is associated with reduced red blood cell phosphatidylserine flippase activity and mild hereditary hemolytic anemia
Authors: van Dijk Myrthe J. , van Oirschot Brigitte A. , Harrison Alexander N. , Recktenwald Steffen M. , Qiao Min , Stommen Amaury , Cloos Anne‐Sophie , Vanderroost Juliette , Terrasi Romano , Dey Kuntal , Bos Jennifer , Rab Minke A. E. , Bogdanova Anna , Minetti Giampaolo , Muccioli Giulio G. , Tyteca Donatienne , Egée Stéphane , Kaestner Lars , Molday Robert S. , van Beers Eduard J. , van Wijk Richard 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdenosine Triphosphatase (ATPase) Phospholipid Transporting 11C gene (ATP11C) encodes the major phosphatidylserine (PS) flippase in human red blood cells (RBCs). Flippases actively transport phospholipids (e.g., PS) from the outer to the inner leaflet to establish and maintain phospholipid asymmetry of the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. This asymmetry is crucial for survival since externalized PS triggers phagocytosis by splenic macrophages. Here we report on pathophysiological consequences of decreased flippase activity, prompted by a patient with hemolytic anemia and hemizygosity for a novel c.2365C > T p.(Leu789Phe) missense variant in ATP11C. ATP11C protein expression was strongly reduced by 58% in patient‐derived RBC ghosts. Furthermore, functional characterization showed only 26% PS flippase activity. These results were confirmed by recombinant mutant ATP11C protein expression in HEK293T cells, which was decreased to 27% compared to wild type, whereas PS‐stimulated ATPase activity was decreased by 57%. Patient RBCs showed a mild increase in PS surface exposure when compared to control RBCs, which further increased in the most dense RBCs after RBC storage stress. The increase in PS was not due to higher global membrane content of PS or other phospholipids. In contrast, membrane lipid lateral distribution showed increased abundance of cholesterol‐enriched domains in RBC low curvature areas. Finally, more dense RBCs and subtle changes in RBC morphology under flow hint toward alterations in flow behavior of ATP11C‐deficient RBCs. Altogether, ATP11C deficiency is the likely cause of hemolytic anemia in our patient, thereby underlining the physiological role and relevance of this flippase in human RBCs.
Primate archaeology 3.0
Authors: Pascual‐Garrido Alejandra , Carvalho Susana , Almeida‐Warren Katarina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe new field of primate archaeology investigates the technological behavior and material record of nonhuman primates, providing valuable comparative data on our understanding of human technological evolution. Yet, paralleling hominin archaeology, the field is largely biased toward the analysis of lithic artifacts. While valuable comparative data have been gained through an examination of extant nonhuman primate tool use and its archaeological record, focusing on this one single aspect provides limited insights. It is therefore necessary to explore to what extent other non‐technological activities, such as non‐tool aided feeding, traveling, social behaviors or ritual displays, leave traces that could be detected in the archaeological record. Here we propose four new areas of investigation which we believe have been largely overlooked by primate archaeology and that are crucial to uncovering the full archaeological potential of the primate behavioral repertoire, including that of our own: (1) Plant technology; (2) Archaeology beyond technology; (3) Landscape archaeology; and (4) Primate cultural heritage. We discuss each theme in the context of the latest developments and challenges, as well as propose future directions. Developing a more “inclusive” primate archaeology will not only benefit the study of primate evolution in its own right but will aid conservation efforts by increasing our understanding of changes in primate‐environment interactions over time.
An Anion‐Switchable Dual‐Function Rotaxane Catalyst
Authors: Tseng I‐Cheng , Zhang Min‐Xuan , Kang Shih‐Lun , Chiu Sheng‐Hsien 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn situ switching of the associated anions of a rotaxane catalyst between Cl− and TFPB− exposes its dialkylammonium and imidazolium stations, respectively, thereby selectively catalyzing the reactions of a mixture of trans‐cinnamaldehyde and an aliphatic thiol to yield the Michael adduct and the thioacetal product, respectively.
Preparation of gallic acid functionalized polyvinyl alcohol/β‐cyclodextrin‐silver nanoparticles cast film as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent
Authors: Narayanan Vimalasruthi , Govindasamy Chandramohan , Shanmugasundram Esakkimuthu , Ganesan Vigneshkumar , Rajamohan Rajaram , Thambusamy Stalin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent studies, researchers have been dedicated to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that can be adjusted in size, owing to their unique physical and chemical properties. In this study, AgNPs with well‐defined and stable characteristics are successfully functionalized with Gallic acid (GA) within a polymer matrix consisting of polyvinyl alcohol/β‐cyclodextrin polymeric biofilms (BFs) using a casting approach. To evaluate the particle size, functional groups, and crystallinity of the AgNPs, various techniques including UV, FT‐IR, TEM, and XRD are employed. The prepared BF films (BFs) are comprehensively analyzed for mechanical strength, color ratio, swelling ratio, surface morphology, elemental ratio, thermal behavior, and water wettability using stress–strain analysis, spectrophotometer color lab, SEM, EDAX, TGA, and contact angle techniques. Furthermore, the antimicrobial properties of the BFs are also investigated, along with their antioxidant activity assessed through the DPPH radical assay. The multifunctional BFs exhibited promising potential as antimicrobial agents for food preservation.