bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties in distorted RE
2NiTiO6 double perovskite compounds
Authors: Zhang Zhenqian , Xu Peng , Jia Youshun , Li Lingwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The magnetocaloric effect based Magnetic refrigeration (MR) was considered a novel energy-efficient and environmentally benign cooling method. However, the lack of suitable magnetic solids has slowed the development of its practical applications. We herein fabricated the RE
2NiTiO6 (RE = Gd, Tb and Ho) double perovskite (DP) compounds and systematically determined their structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties by experimental determination and density functional theory calculations, in which the Gd2NiTiO6 was realized to exhibit promising cryogenic magnetocaloric performances. The results indicated that all the RE
2NiTiO6 DP compounds crystallized in a distorted monoclinic structure with P21/n space group and underwent a second order type magnetic phase transition around 4.3, 4.5 and 3.9 K, for Gd2NiTiO6, Tb2NiTiO6 and Ho2NiTiO6, respectively. The magnetocaloric performances were checked by the parameters of maximum magnetic entropy change and relative cooling power, which are 31.28 J·kg−1·K−1 and 242.11 J·kg−1 for Gd2NiTiO6, 13.08 J·kg−1·K−1 and 213.41 J·kg−1 for Tb2NiTiO6, 11.98 J·kg−1·K−1 and 221.73 J·kg−1 for Ho2NiTiO6 under the magnetic field change of 0–50 kOe, respectively. Evidently, the Gd2NiTiO6 compound exhibit promising magnetocaloric performances and therefore is of potential for practical cryogenic MR applications.
Proposed basic timetables for expedited arbitration
Authors: Webster Tom 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article sets out two basic procedural timetables for the hearing of arbitration within 6 months after the constitution of the Tribunal and rendering of an award within 30 days thereafter. Two of the key complaints about international arbitration relate to time and costs. In the author’s view, these can be addressed by moving away from what have become the default timetables for international commercial arbitration. In this respect, the most obvious issue is the 2-month documentary production period. However, that is not the only issue, and documentary production has a role in arbitration. Another issue relates to expert evidence. A further issue relates to defining the issues and having input from the Tribunal regarding the issues prior to the evidentiary hearing. Yet another issue relates to the conduct of the evidentiary hearing itself. And a final issue is the time to finalize the Award. These expedited procedural timetables are based on the adversarial rather than the inquisitorial approach, although with the active participation of the Tribunal in the evidentiary hearing. They are intended to be used for mid-sized or larger arbitrations with a three-member Tribunal, although they could be used for smaller arbitrations or with a Sole Arbitrator.
“How crazy is your maid?” Domestic workers in the “new India”
Authors: Sarkar Sreela 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIndia is celebrated as one of the largest emerging economies but domestic workers remain a large workforce that is unorganized and exploited. As the figure of the “maid” changes in contemporary popular culture, how do more elite, middle-class employers understand domestic workers in the “new India?” This article draws on inter-textual discussions on social media platforms such as Quora and Twitter where most discussants are urban, class and caste privileged, and display Hindu nationalist identities. It examines representation of recent conflicts at large condominium complexes to argue that new infrastructure projects become a crucial terrain on which class, caste and religion-based struggles are mapped, Second, it focuses on popular narratives of “entrepreneurship” for domestic workers and argues that these narratives worsen structural inequities. Finally, it studies new technology as a means of creating inclusion for domestic workers that serve to further mark them by class, caste and other marginalized identities.
Simulation in cardiac critical care
Authors: Yuen Tiffany , Brindley Peter G , Senaratne Janek M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Medical simulation is a broad topic but at its core is defined as any effort to realistically reproduce a clinical procedure, team, or situation. Its goal is to allow risk-free practice-until-perfect, and in doing so, augment performance, efficiency, and safety. In medicine, even complex clinical situations can be dissected into reproducible parts that may be repeated and mastered, and these iterative improvements can add up to major gains. With our modern cardiac intensive care units treating a growing number of medically complex patients, the need for well-trained personnel, streamlined care pathways, and quality teamwork is imperative for improved patient outcomes. Simulation is therefore a potentially life-saving tool relevant to anyone working in cardiac intensive care. Accordingly, we believe that simulation is a priority for cardiac intensive care, not just a luxury. We offer the following primer on simulation in the cardiac intensive care environment.
Exercise-induced right ventricular cardiomyopathy in an endurance cyclist: a case report
Authors: Clark James , Bakhit Yasir , Motwani Manish 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
The wide-ranging benefits of frequent and moderate exercise are well recorded in the literature. Chronic deleterious remodelling in response to exercise is less well described. We describe an amateur endurance cyclist who, in addition to developing a heart failure syndrome and electrocardiographic evidence of arrhythmia, also developed severe functional tricuspid regurgitation.

Case summary
After developing palpitations during long distance cycle rides as part of his fitness regimen, a 69-year-old male presented to emergency services but was discharged. While continuing to enjoy long-distance cycling, he began to develop peripheral swelling and presented for a second time to hospital. Subsequent investigation found he had a dilated right heart, exercise-induced arrhythmia, and mid-wall myocardial fibrosis. A diagnosis of exercise-induced cardiomyopathy was made. He was managed with diuretics and immediate cessation of exercise. His symptoms improved and he remains symptom free.

Discussion
The volume of blood passing through the right heart increases during exercise. In vulnerable individuals undertaking frequent endurance exercise, this can promote structural remodelling and fibrotic change. It is unclear if cessation of exercise can reverse the remodelled heart. There are some early advances in predictive biomarkers and imaging techniques in categorizing those in the population who would be at risk of developing this cardiomyopathy, and those who can undergo intense exercise regimens without concern. If those at risk of developing an exercise-induced cardiomyopathy can be accurately identified, the next dilemma is how can their risk of heart failure or sudden death be acceptably minimized.
Complex indebtedness: justice and the crisis of liberal order
Authors: Sabaratnam Meera , Laffey Mark 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A prominent feature of the contemporary crisis of the liberal international order is diverse calls for justice, including epistemic and historic justice. For a long time, that order understood itself in liberal terms and as capable of delivering justice accordingly. Asking a second-order question, about how questions of justice are framed in the international order, leads us to the conclusion that the liberal order's account of the connections that make the system hang together is partial, if not deeply flawed. Building on long-established and more recent traditions of scholarship aligned with the global South, we introduce a different account of international order and its core dynamics: complex indebtedness. Such an account enables not only a better appreciation of the justice claims currently being made in and against the liberal international order, it also more plausibly explains their origins, interconnections, and multiscalar and polymorphic character. By facing squarely the political parameters of indebtedness, we can make better sense of how to approach claims for justice in the present and future. The argument is illustrated with the examples of struggles for racial justice, white nationalism and South–South co-operation.
Recognizing injustice: the ‘hypocrisy charge’ and the future of the liberal international order
Authors: Lawson George , Zarakol Ayşe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Struggles for recognition, rooted in the desire to be acknowledged by others, are fundamental to the stability of international orders. All international orders face actors with recognition grievances, and sometimes these grievances become major sources of contention. At the same time, each international order faces struggles that are specific to its mode of legitimation because they are rooted in challenges over the constituent elements of that order. The liberal international order (LIO) is no exception to this rule. Unlike international orders that are organized through explicit social hierarchies, the LIO claims to foster egalitarian, meritocratic justice based around universal, ‘rational’ standards. Yet it is clear to many actors around the world that the LIO has historically been, and remains today, premised on ‘irrational’, unjust forms of hierarchical recognition, often organized around group identity. This opens up the LIO to charges of hypocrisy. We trace the ways in which this ‘hypocrisy charge’ is levelled by both LIO ‘outsiders’ and ‘insiders’, arguing that it generates an irresolvable tension within the LIO. This tension may not spell the end of the LIO, but it does point to a period of extended contention.
Coding protection: ‘cyber humanitarian interventions’ for preventing mass atrocities
Authors: Neilsen Rhiannon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the contemporary digital age, mass atrocity crimes are increasingly promoted and organized online. Social media, encrypted chatrooms and messaging apps have been employed (by regimes and non-state actors alike) to stoke racial and political division, recruit sympathizers and facilitate atrocities. At the same time, there is increasing evidence of the power and promise of offensive cyberspace operations in conflict. Despite the parallel attention afforded to atrocity prevention and cyber operations (respectively), the overlap between these two scholarly investigations is thin. In fact, almost no attention has been afforded to the question of whether proactive cyberspace operations might be used for human protection purposes—specifically, to prevent genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing. In this article, I introduce the concept of ‘cyber humanitarian interventions’—the use of sophisticated cyber operations to frustrate perpetrators' means and motivations for mass atrocities—as a new tool in the atrocity prevention toolbox. This article therefore seeks to initiate a research agenda that considers how cyber humanitarian interventions could be used for human protection in the twenty-first century. Such an investigation is particularly timely and policy relevant, as international responses to violence have been mixed, and—in the absence of political will for costly armed military interventions—many atrocities continue unabated.
Wedge resection is an acceptable treatment option for radiologically low-grade lung cancer with solid predominance
Authors: Kamigaichi Atsushi , Mimae Takahiro , Tsubokawa Norifumi , Miyata Yoshihiro , Adachi Hiroyuki , Shimada Yoshihisa , Ito Hiroyuki , Ikeda Norihiko , Okada Morihito 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESThis study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics for predicting low-grade cancer in radiologically solid predominant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and compare the survival outcomes of wedge resection with those of anatomical resection for patients with and without these characteristics.METHODSConsecutive patients with clinical stages IA1–IA2 NSCLC showing radiologically solid predominance ≤2 cm at 3 institutions were retrospectively evaluated. Low-grade cancer was defined as the absence of nodal involvement and blood vessel, lymphatic and pleural invasion. The predictive criteria for low-grade cancer were established by multivariable analysis. The prognosis of wedge resection was compared with that of anatomical resection for patients who met the criteria, using the propensity score-matched analysis.RESULTSAmong 669 patients, multivariable analysis showed that ground-glass opacity (GGO) (P &lt; 0.001) on thin-section computed tomography and an increased maximum standardized uptake value on 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (P &lt; 0.001) were independent predictors of low-grade cancer. The predictive criteria were defined as GGO presence and maximum standardized uptake value ≤1.1 (specificity: 97.8%, sensitivity: 21.4%). In the propensity score-matched pairs (n = 189), overall survival (P = 0.41) and relapse-free survival (P = 0.18) were not significantly different between patients who underwent wedge resection and anatomical resection among those who fulfilled the criteria.CONCLUSIONSThe radiologic criteria for GGO and a low maximum standardized uptake value could predict low-grade cancer, even in solid-dominant NSCLC sized ≤2 cm. Wedge resection could be an acceptable surgical option for patients with radiologically predicted indolent NSCLC showing a solid-dominant appearance.
Intracardiac bone cement embolism resulting in ventricular perforation: an unusual cause of sudden chest pain
Authors: Schmiady Martin O , Possner Mathias , Horisberger Thomas , Ouda Ahmed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLeakage of bone cement is a known complication after percutaneous kyphoplasty. In rare cases, bone cement can reach the venous system and cause life-threatening embolism. We present the case of a 73-year-old male, who was admitted to our hospital with new-onset chest pain and dyspnoea. He had a history of percutaneous kyphoplasty. Multimodal imaging showed intracardiac cement embolism in the right ventricle with penetration of the interventricular septum and perforation of the apex. The bone cement was successfully removed during open cardiac surgery.
Metastasectomy for colorectal pulmonary metastases: a survey among members of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons
Authors: van Dorp Martijn , Gonzalez Michel , Daddi Niccolò , Batirel Hasan F , Brunelli Alessandro , Schreurs Wilhelmina H 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESSurgical management of pulmonary metastases in colorectal cancer patients is a debated topic. There is currently no consensus on this matter, which sparks considerable risk for international practice variation. The European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) ran a survey to assess current clinical practices and to determine criteria for resection among ESTS members.METHODSAll ESTS members were invited to complete an online questionnaire of 38 questions on current practice and management of pulmonary metastases in colorectal cancer patients.RESULTSIn total, 308 complete responses were received (response rate: 22%) from 62 countries. Most respondents consider that pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal pulmonary metastases improves disease control (97%) and improves patients’ survival (92%). Invasive mediastinal staging in case of suspicious hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes is indicated (82%). Wedge resection is the preferred type of resection for a peripheral metastasis (87%). Minimally invasive approach is the preferred approach (72%). For a centrally located colorectal pulmonary metastasis, the preferred form of treatment is a minimally invasive anatomical resection (56%). During metastasectomy, 67% of respondents perform mediastinal lymph node sampling or dissection. Routine chemotherapy is rarely or never given following metastasectomy (57% of respondents).CONCLUSIONSThis survey among the ESTS members underlines the change in practice of pulmonary metastasectomy with an increasing tendency in favour of minimally invasive metastasectomy and surgical resection is preferred over other types of local treatment. Criteria for resectability vary and controversy remains regarding lymph node assessment and the role of adjuvant treatment.
System and facility readiness assessment for conducting active surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Zeleke Eden Dagnachew , Yimer Getnet , Lisanework Leuel , Chen Robert T , Huang Wan-Ting , Wang Shu-Hua , Bennett Sarah D , Makonnen Eyasu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
To help distinguish vaccine-related adverse events following immunization (AEFI) from coincidental occurrences, active vaccine pharmacovigilance (VP) prospective surveillance programs are needed. From February to May 2021, we assessed the system and facility readiness for implementing active AEFI VP surveillance in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
Selected hospitals were assessed using a readiness assessment tool with scoring measures. The site assessment was conducted via in-person interviews within the specific departments in each hospital. We evaluated the system readiness with a desk review of AEFI guidelines, Expanded Program for Immunization Guidelines and Ethiopian Food and Drug Administration and Ethiopian Public Health Institute websites.

Results
Of the hospitals in Addis Ababa, 23.1% met the criteria for our site assessment. During the system readiness assessment, we found that essential components were in place. However, rules, regulations and proclamations pertaining to AEFI surveillance were absent. Based on the tool, the three hospitals (A, B and C) scored 60.6% (94/155), 48.3% (75/155) and 40% (62/155), respectively.

Conclusions
Only one of three hospitals assessed in our evaluation scored &gt;50% for readiness to implement active AEFI surveillance. We also identified the following areas for improvement to ensure successful implementation: training, making guidelines and reporting forms available and ensuring a system that accommodates paper-based and electronic-based recording systems.
Correlative light and volume electron microscopy to study brain development
Authors: Hayashi Shuichi , Ohno Nobuhiko , Knott Graham , Molnár Zoltán 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recent advances in volume electron microscopy (EM) have been driving our thorough understanding of the brain architecture. Volume EM becomes increasingly powerful when cells and their subcellular structures that are imaged in light microscopy are correlated to those in ultramicrographs obtained with EM. This correlative approach, called correlative light and volume electron microscopy (vCLEM), is used to link three-dimensional ultrastructural information with physiological data such as intracellular Ca2+ dynamics. Genetic tools to express fluorescent proteins and/or an engineered form of a soybean ascorbate peroxidase allow us to perform vCLEM using natural landmarks including blood vessels without immunohistochemical staining. This immunostaining-free vCLEM has been successfully employed in two-photon Ca2+ imaging in vivo as well as in studying complex synaptic connections in thalamic neurons that receive a variety of specialized inputs from the cerebral cortex. In this mini-review, we overview how volume EM and vCLEM have contributed to studying the developmental processes of the brain. We also discuss potential applications of genetic manipulation of target cells using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–associated protein 9 and subsequent volume EM to the analysis of protein localization as well as to loss-of-function studies of genes regulating brain development. We give examples for the combinatorial usage of genetic tools with vCLEM that will further enhance our understanding of regulatory mechanisms underlying brain development.
Renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus: did we make progress in oncologic outcomes and complications?
Authors: Gold Samuel , Taylor Jacob , Margulis Vitaly 
Published: January 2023

Purpose of review
Surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (TT) remains one of the most complex surgeries performed with high rates of associated complications and perioperative mortality. Surgical techniques and neoadjuvant therapies have an important role to play in improving outcomes. This review provides a narrative analysis of recent literature on patients with RCC and TT.

Recent findings
Several imaging techniques are emerging that may improve diagnostic staging of tumor thrombus level. Robotic approaches to surgical resection for all thrombi levels is feasible and safe, while longer term outcomes for higher level thrombi continues to mature. Early data on neoadjuvant immunotherapy and radiotherapy have shown improvements in complication rates and intermediate term oncologic outcomes.

Summary
Data suggests that neoadjuvant therapies and minimally invasive techniques may improve outcomes in patients undergoing surgical resection for RCC with tumor thrombus. Larger multiinstitutional series are needed to confirm the benefit of these techniques as well as the durable long term oncologic outcomes.
Developing a National Trauma Research Action Plan: Results from the trauma systems and informatics panel Delphi survey
Authors: Haut Elliott R. , Kirby John P. , Bailey Jeffrey A. , Phuong Jimmy , Gavitt Brian , Remick Kyle N. , Staudenmayer Kristan , Cannon Jeremy W. , Price Michelle A. , Bulger Eileen M. ,   the National Trauma Research Action Plan (NTRAP) Trauma Systems and Informatics Panel
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2016 report on the trauma care system recommended establishing a National Trauma Research Action Plan to strengthen and guide future trauma research. To address this recommendation, the Department of Defense funded a study to generate a comprehensive research agenda spanning the trauma and burn care continuum. Panels were created to conduct a gap analysis and identify high-priority research questions. The National Trauma Research Action Plan panel reported here addressed trauma systems and informatics.

METHODS
Experts were recruited to identify current gaps in trauma systems research, generate research questions, and establish the priorities using an iterative Delphi survey approach from November 2019 through August 2020. Panelists were identified to ensure heterogeneity and generalizability, including military and civilian representation. Panelists were encouraged to use a PICO format to generate research questions: patient/population, intervention, compare/control, and outcome. In subsequent surveys, panelists prioritized each research question on a 9-point Likert scale, categorized as low-, medium-, and high-priority items. Consensus was defined as ≥60% agreement.

RESULTS
Twenty-seven subject matter experts generated 570 research questions, of which 427 (75%) achieved the consensus threshold. Of the consensus reaching questions, 209 (49%) were rated high priority, 213 (50%) medium priority, and 5 (1%) low priority. Gaps in understanding the broad array of interventions were identified, including those related to health care infrastructure, technology products, education/training, resuscitation, and operative intervention. The prehospital phase of care was highlighted as an area needing focused research.

CONCLUSION
This Delphi gap analysis of trauma systems and informatics research identified high-priority research questions that will help guide investigators and funding agencies in setting research priorities to continue to work toward Zero Preventable Deaths after trauma.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.