bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the potential functions of lymph node metastasis-associated aberrant methylation differentially expressed genes and their association with the immune infiltration and prognosis in bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Gao Wenzhi , Zhang Jiafeng , Tian Tai , Fu Zhixin , Bai Liangliang , Yang Yifei , Wu Qiangqiang , Wang Wei , Guo Yuexian 
Published: April 2023

Background
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is a malignant tumor of the urinary system. This study aimed to explore the potential role of lymph node metastasis-associated aberrant methylation differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BLCA.

Methods
CHAMP and limma packages were used to identify lymph node metastasis-associated aberrant methylation DEGs. Univariate Cox analysis and Lasso analysis were performed to identify the signature genes, and multivariate Cox analysis was used to construct the risk score. Subsequently, the molecular characteristics of the signature genes and the relationship between risk score and prognosis, clinical characteristics and immune cell infiltration were analyzed. The signature gene AKAP7 was selected for functional verification.

Results
A novel risk score model was constructed based on 12 signature genes. The risk score had a good ability to predict overall survival (OS). The nomogram constructed based on age, N stage and risk score had a higher value in predicting the prognosis of patients. It was also found that stromal activation in TIME may inhibit the antitumor effects of immune cells. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that ECM receptor interaction and focal adhesion were two important pathways involved in the regulation of BLCA. Immunohistochemistry showed that AKAP7 may be associated with the occurrence, clinical stages and grades, and lymph node metastasis of BLCA. In vitro cell experiments showed that the migration and invasion ability of EJ cells was significantly inhibited after AKAP7 overexpression, while the migration and invasion ability of T24 cells was significantly promoted after AKAP7 knockdown.

Conclusion
The risk score model based on lymph node metastasis-associated aberrant methylation DEGs has a good ability to predict OS and is an independent prognostic factor for BLCA. It was also found that stromal activation in TIME may inhibit the antitumor effects of immune cells. This implicates aberrant methylation modifications as an important factor contributing to the heterogeneity and complexity of individual tumor microenvironments. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that ECM receptor interaction and focal adhesion were two important pathways involved in the regulation of BLCA, which contributed to the exploration of the pathological mechanism of BLCA. In addition, immunohistochemistry showed that AKAP7 may be associated with the occurrence, progression and lymph node metastasis of BLCA. In vitro cell experiments showed that AKAP7 could also inhibit the migration and invasion of cancer cells.
Phytochemical Characterization and Systemic Exposure of Bioactive Metabolites of the Aqueous Extracts of Ficus thonningii Blume (Moraceae) on Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Fokunang Estella Tembe , Ara Ngo Biyiha Marilyn Orlane , Pantaleon Ambassa , Legrand Njinkio Nono Borgia , Bathelemy Ngameni , Charles Fokunang 
Published: April 2023

Ficus thonningii (Blume) is considered as a herbal plant with well documented biological activity in the management of several diseases in the tropics. However, there is a gap of information on its safety and proof of efficacy in evidence-based medicine. The objective of this study was to characterize the bioactive metabolites of the hydro-ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Ficus. thonningii and in vivo evaluation of the systemic exposure of the bioactive metabolite. Phytochemical screening was done using standard extraction techniques, and test according to methods adopted from Sofowora and collaborators. Quantitative analysis was done using spectrophotometer of plant extract with different reference standards.
Analysis of the animals' plasma following administration of the extract was used to investigate systemic exposure to confirmed the presence of absence of metabolites in systemic circulation.
This work shows that F. thonningii (Blume) stem bark hydro-ethanolic extract contains polyphenols, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, catechic tannins, gallic tannins, coumarins, quinones, phlobatannins. This study shows that the hydro-ethanolic extract of F. thonningii contains total phenolic content of 192,27 ± 3,40 mgEQ/MS g gallic acid and total flavonoid content of 103,59 ± 15,72 mgEQ/MS quercetin. This study shows that the secondary metabolites in the hydro-ethanolic extract of the stem bark of F. thonningii (Blume) were not detected in plasma and not bioavailable.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - - 
Published: April 2023

At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered covering topics such as Membership, Meetings, Research and publications. The Treasurer also presented the report on the Society’s finances. The Council for the following session was then elected, as were new applicants for Fellowship. A list of Fellows who died during 1992-1993 was presented.At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered covering topics such as Membership, Meetings, Research and publications. The Treasurer also presented the report on the Society’s finances. The Council for the following session was then elected, as were new applicants for Fellowship. A list of Fellows who died during 1992-1993 was presented.
Instructions for Contributors are appended.
Meldon Bridge: a centre of the third millennium BC in Peeblesshire
Authors: Speak Stephen , Burgess Colin , Ballin T B , Brown D S , Coleman-Smith R , Greene K T , Griffiths J A , Johnson M , Hodgson N R , Luke D A , MacSween A , Price J , Roberts J E , Savage M , Weyman J 
Published: April 2023

Rescue excavations on an extensive cropmark site at the confluence of the Lyne Water and Meldon Burn in the 1970s revealed several episodes of activity. A limited Mesolithic presence is indicated by the stone finds, but more intensive use is attested from the early/mid fourth millennium BC. Widely scattered groups of pits contained Impressed Ware of the local style. Radiocarbon dates chart this activity down to the early/mid third millennium BC, when a massive timber wall, 600 m long and up to 4 m in height, was constructed to shut off the 8 ha promontory between the Lyne Water and Meldon Burn. A timber avenue led into the enclosure on the north-west; standing posts and stones and settings of posts and stakes were erected; and cremation burials took place in the interior. No cultural material can certainly be associated with this phase and it probably lasted a century or less. A large stockade within the main enclosure could not be dated with certainty. A disturbed cist burial, yielding a jet pendant, 'slug' knife and possible Food Vessel sherds, may have been interred as one ofthe final acts in this phase. Renewed activity came in the mid/late second millennium BC, when the site was used for an extensive cremation cemetery. This involved erecting rows of posts, some standing in pits containing cremations. There was also a burial in a rough cist, and two cremations deposited in Cordoned Urns. There is no evidence for further activity until the Roman period when the road from Newstead to Castledykes was driven through the site, disturbing some of the prehistoric features. There were Roman forts just to the west at Easter Happrew and Lyne, and large temporary camps at Meldon Bridge itself. One of these partly overlay the prehistoric site, and appeared to have been constructed after the road. Long afterwards an 18th-century turnpike road was laid down on top of the old Roman road. At least some of the gravel pits found on both sides of the road were dug in this phase.
Three long cist burials at Easter Broomhouse, near Dunbar, East Lothian
Authors: Cressey Michael , Strachan Richard , Hamilton Jamie , Sinfield Laura 
Published: April 2023

Three long cist burials were discovered during road widening along the A1 near Dunbar. As a result of plough damage only one, poorly-preserved skeleton survived, identified as either a female adult or a young, slightly-built male. An unusually early radiocarbon date (1850 ± 45 BP) derived from the remains of this individual, must be viewed with caution due to poor collagen survival. The work was commissioned by Historic Scotland on behalf of the National Roads Directorate of the then Scottish Office Development Department.
Three excavations in medieval Dumbarton: 94-102 and 101-3 High Street and 75 College Street
Authors: Coleman Russel , Perry David , Robertson Thomas , Hall Derek , Franklin Julie , Cox Adrian , Smith Catherine , Holden Tim , Photos-Jones Effie 
Published: April 2023

This report describes the results of three archaeological excavations which took place within the medieval burgh of Dumbarton, two by Eric Talbot between 1971 and 1972 on the High Street and at College Street and the third, on the High Street, by SUAT in 1997. Evidence of medieval activity, including metal working, was found on burgage plots in the High Street. A large pottery assemblage provided an important opportunity to investigate medieval trends in a west coast burgh, an area hitherto under-represented in ceramic studies. Glass waste at College Street may have originated from the site of the late 18th/19th-century Dumbarton Glassworks.
St Bride's, Douglas - A family mausoleum
Authors: Markus Mary 
Published: April 2023

The church of St Bride’s, Douglas (NGR: NS 8359 3095), which is cared for by Historic Scotland, contains an impressive series of tombs and memorials to members of the Douglas family. Three of these tombs, dating from the second quarter of the 14th century to the mid-15th century, take the form of recesses, and are set with in the north and south walls of the choir. The architecture of the earliest of the three shows an awareness of the work of late 13th/early 14th-century English court masons, while the canopies of the other two are more closely related to major Scottish building campaigns, notably at Melrose and possibly at Lincluden. The scope of the sources for all three tombs is a reflection of the status of their patrons, and the very high quality of the effigies emphasizes their high social standing.
The material culture of recusancy at Fetternear
Authors: Dransart Penelope , Bogdan Nicholas Q 
Published: April 2023

The interdisciplinary project reported here combines art history, archaeology and the historical anthropology of religion. It consists of a study based on the material culture of recusancy from the mansion and medieval bishop’s palace at Fetternear, Aberdeenshire. After the Reformation, the property became the main seat of the Leslies of Balquhain, a recusant family. A stone plaque bearing the inscription IHS MRA, probably dating from 1691, placed on the façade of the mansion indicates the religious allegiance of the family. This study of the contents of the mansion is based on surviving material culture associated with Fetternear and documentary sources and shows that the Leslies of Balquhain were building up the necessary intellectual and material resources for sustaining Roman Catholic worship and that their property served as the headquarters of the Jesuit mission in Scotland in the late 17th century.
Early historic settlement on the western carselands of Forth valley: a reappraisal
Authors: Harrison John G , Tipping Richard 
Published: April 2023

This paper challenges the view, widespread amongst historians and archaeologists, that prior to the Improvement period the carselands west of Stirling were devoid of settlement due to near-continuous peat mosses. The argument is supported by cartographic evidence of pre-Improvement settlement and by documentary evidence of farming and settlement from the 15th century onward. Settlement was concentrated along the river margins and most of the modern carseland settlements are recorded by the 17th century. Eighteenth-century writers thought that the mosses had always been discontinuous and identified the important relationship between settlement and soil-types across the carse. Fortunately, the scientifically and archaeologically important surviving peat mosses have made the area a focus of palaeo-ecological and geomorphological research in recent decades. The scientific evidence supports the historical conclusion that the mosses were likely to be discontinuous in the pre-Improvement period, providing attractive sites for early settlement along their margins and confirms the correlation between documented early modern settlement and soil types, themselves a reflection of the evolution of the carse in the post-glacial period. The modern landscape is not, in this view, simply a product of moss clearance but also includes land never covered by moss and land only partially reclaimed. The reasons why recorded archaeological evidence for settlement is confined to the margins of the carse are briefly considered, as are some of the wider historical implications (such as movement between the north and south of Scotland).
Excavations at Summerlee Ironworks, Coatbridge, North Lanarkshire
Authors: Lewis John , Murdoch Robin 
Published: April 2023

Excavations within Summerlee Heritage Park, Coatbridge in the late 1980s revealed extensive remains of the Summerlee Ironworks, founded in 1836. These included the bases of four furnaces, five heating stoves, an engine house, a boiler house and several underground flues together with numerous ancillary structures and features and elements of a chemical recovery plant. Although most of the excavated remains were associated with various stages of remodelling and upgrading, a significant number appeared to date from the early years of the works.
Excavation of an Iron Age, Early Historic and medieval settlement and metalworking site at Eilean Olabhat, North Uist
Authors: Armit Ian , Campbell Ewan , Dunwell Andrew , Housley Rupert , Hunter Fraser , Jackson Adam , Johnson Melanie , McLaren Dawn , Miller Jennifer , Murdoch K R , Thoms Jennifer , Warren Graeme , Braby Alan , Evenden Craig , Mulqueeny Libby , Whitelaw Leeanne 
Published: April 2023

The promontory site of Eilean Olabhat, North Uist was excavated between 1986 and 1990 as part ofthe Loch Olabhat Research Project. It was shown to be a complex enclosed settlement and industrialsite with several distinct episodes of occupation. The earliest remains comprise a small Iron Agebuilding dating to the middle centuries of the first millennium BC, which was modified on severaloccasions prior to its abandonment. Much later, the Early Historic remains comprise a smallcellular building, latterly used as a small workshop within which fine bronze and silverwork wasproduced in the fifth to seventh centuries AD. Evidence of this activity is represented by quantitiesof mould and crucible fragments as well as tuyère and other industrial waste products. The sitesubsequently fell into decay for a second time prior to its medieval reoccupation probably in the14th to 16th centuries AD.
Eilean Olabhat has produced a well-stratified, though discontinuous, structural and artefactualsequence from the mid-first millennium BC to the later second millennium AD, and has importantimplications for ceramic development in the Western Isles over that period, as well as providingsignificant evidence for the nature and social context of Early Historic metalworking.
3D Knitting for Pneumatic Soft Robotics
Authors: Sanchez Vanessa , Mahadevan Kausalya , Ohlson Gabrielle , Graule Moritz A. , Yuen Michelle C. , Teeple Clark B. , Weaver James C. , McCann James , Bertoldi Katia , Wood Robert J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSoft robots adapt passively to complex environments due to their inherent compliance, allowing them to interact safely with fragile or irregular objects and traverse uneven terrain. The vast tunability and ubiquity of textiles has enabled new soft robotic capabilities, especially in the field of wearable robots, but existing textile processing techniques (e.g., cut‐and‐sew, thermal bonding) are limited in terms of rapid, additive, accessible, and waste‐free manufacturing. While 3D knitting has the potential to address these limitations, an incomplete understanding of the impact of structure and material on knit‐scale mechanical properties and macro‐scale device performance has precluded the widespread adoption of knitted robots. In this work, the roles of knit structure and yarn material properties on textile mechanics spanning three regimes–unfolding, geometric rearrangement, and yarn stretching–are elucidated and shown to be tailorable across unique knit architectures and yarn materials. Based on this understanding, 3D knit soft actuators for extension, contraction, and bending are constructed. Combining these actuation primitives enables the monolithic fabrication of entire soft grippers and robots in a single‐step additive manufacturing procedure suitable for a variety of applications. This approach represents a first step in seamlessly “printing” conformal, low‐cost, customizable textile‐based soft robots on‐demand.
IgG‐Complement Adsorption Behavior Activates Macrophage Mediated Early Immune Responses on Zirconia Implants
Authors: Jiang Shuting , Ni Yueqi , Zhang Fanyu , Duan Yiling , Qi Haoning , Mo Wenting , Tang Qinchao , Miron Richard J , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractZirconium implants have gained popularity among clinicians due to their superior mechanical properties. However, zirconium implants usually perform less well in early osseointegration than titanium implants. And the degree of severity of the acute inflammation resulting from macrophage activation after implantation determines the result of the implantation. The mechanism by which zirconia implants cause more acute inflammation compared to titanium implants is currently unknown. Here, the complement activation on zirconium oxide is demonstrated, which causes differences in inflammation compared to titanium oxide. More adsorption of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and complement protein C1q together with the more efficient triggering of the complement system is shown to occur on ZrO2 surfaces. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations further reveal that IgG exhibits more accessible binding sites on ZrO2 surfaces due to its hydrophobicity, leading to more efficient complement activation. Reduced inflammation of hydrophilized ZrO2 compared to non‐treated ZrO2 demonstrates the role of hydrophobicity in the higher inflammation of ZrO2. The results reveal that complement activation due to conformational changes and greater adsorption of IgG and C1q on ZrO2 triggers inflammation caused by macrophages, providing new insights for implant design and performance optimization.
Nanoscale Disorder and Deintercalation Evolution in K‐Doped MoS2 Analysed Via In Situ TEM
Authors: Shao Shouqi , Tainton Gareth R.M. , Kuang W. J. , Clark Nick , Gorbachev Roman , Eggeman Alexander , Grigorieva Irina V. , Kelly Daniel J. , Haigh Sarah J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntercalation and deintercalation processes in van der Waals crystals underpin their use in nanoelectronics, energy storage, and catalysis but there remains significant uncertainty regarding these materials’ structural and chemical heterogeneity at the nanoscale. Deintercalation in particular often controls the robustness and cyclability of the involved processes. Here, a detailed analysis of potassium ordering and compositional variations in as‐synthesised K intercalated MoS2 as well an analysis of deintercalation induced changes in the structure and K/Mo elemental composition is presented. By combining 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (4DSTEM), in situ atomic resolution STEM imaging, selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) the formation of previously unknown intermediate superstructures during deintercalation is revealed. The results provide evidence supporting a new deintercalation mechanism that favors formation of local regions with thermodynamically stable ordering rather than isotropic release of K. Systematic time‐temperature measurements demonstrate the deintercalation behavior to follow first‐order kinetics, allowing compositional and superstructural changes to be predicted. It is expected that the in situ correlative STEM‐EDS/SAED methodology developed in this work has the potential to determine optimal synthesis, processing and working conditions for a variety of intercalated or pillared materials.
Introducing Dynamic Bonds in Light‐based 3D Printing
Authors: Zhu Guangda , Houck Hannes A. , Spiegel Christoph A. , Selhuber‐Unkel Christine , Hou Yi , Blasco Eva 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLight‐based 3D printing has received significant attention due to several advantages including high printing speed and resolution. Along with the development of new technologies, material design is key for the next generation of light‐based 3D printing. Conventional printable polymeric materials, also known as photopolymers or photoresins, often lead to thermosets–polymer networks cross‐linked by permanent covalent bonds which bring limited adaptability and restricted reprocessability. Dynamic bonds that can reversibly break and reform enable network rearrangement, thereby offering unprecedented properties to the materials such as adaptability, self‐healing, and recycling capabilities. Hence, introducing dynamic bonds into materials for light‐based 3D printing is a promising strategy to further expand and meet the diverse application scenarios of 3D printed multi‐functional materials and moreover meet more demanding sustainable and nature‐inspired design considerations (e.g., adaptability and self‐healing). Herein, an overview of recent advances in dynamic photopolymers for light‐based 3D printing, aiming to bridge these two promising research fields is presented. Importantly, the current challenges are also analyzed and perspectives for further developing dynamic photopolymers for light‐based 3D printing and their potential applications are provided.
Emerging Applications, Developments, Prospects, and Challenges of Electrochemical Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Conversion
Authors: Chen Wenda , Yang Xiuyuan , Chen Zhida , Ou Zhijun , Hu Jiangtao , Xu Yuan , Li Yongliang , Ren Xiangzhong , Ye Shenghua , Qiu Jieshan , Liu Jianhong , Zhang Qianling 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAmmonia is not only an important feedstock for chemical industry but also a carbon‐free energy carrier and a safe storage media for hydrogen. Due to the advantages compared to Haber–Bosch process, electrochemical NO3−‐to‐NH3conversion via nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) received attention. Recently, “green hydrogen” generated from water electrolysis shows promise to become the energy for future but limited by the safety of storage and transportation. This review proposes electrochemical NO3−‐to‐NH3conversion can store renewable electric energy and “green hydrogen” into NH3, which is a potential solution for solving the puzzle of “green hydrogen” storage and transportation. Moreover, the theoretical insights of NO3−RR and electrocatalyst design are discussed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this field are elucidated. This review provides a novel perspective for NO3−RR and accelerates the development of effective electrocatalysts for NO3−‐to‐NH3conversion.