bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timelines of adverse event journeys of LVAD patients
Authors: Movahedi Faezeh , Kanwar Manreet K. , Antaki James F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe INTERMACS Events data set contains an expansive collection of temporal evidence of the course of adverse events (AEs) of >15 000 patients that have received a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The chronology of AEs may contain insightful information of the “AE journeys” of LVAD patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the timelines of AEs within the INTERMACS database.MethodsDescriptive statistics were applied to 86 912 recorded AEs of 15 820 patients with a continuous flow‐LVAD between 2008 to 2016, extracted from INTERMACS registry. The characteristics of the timelines of AE journeys were investigated by posing six descriptive research questions.ResultsThe analysis revealed several time‐related characteristics and patterns of the AE journey after LVAD including the most common time of occurrences of AEs after surgery, duration of AEs journeys, the time of first and last AEs, and the time gaps between AEs.ConclusionThe INTERMACS Event dataset is a valuable resource for research about the timeline of AE journeys of patients who received an LVAD. It is necessary for future studies to first explore and consider the time‐related characteristics of the data set such as diversity and sparsity to effectively choose an appropriate scope of time and time granularity and to acknowledge potential challenges.
Letter: Post‐COVID‐19 functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Dai Cong , Huang Yu‐Hong , Jiang Min 
Published: June 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Marasco et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17513 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17554
Editorial: The US burden of HRS‐AKI—Putting numbers to the problem
Authors: Frager Shalom Z. , Sigal Samuel H. 
Published: June 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Singal et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17232 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17562
Letter: determining priorities for patients with faecal incontinence and irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Luo Yuying , Jodorkovsky Daniela , Singh Priyanka , Keefer Laurie A. 
Published: June 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Goodoory et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17465 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17571
Survival and late mortality among patients who survived disease‐free for 2 years after stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wu Linnan , Wu Yibo , Shi Jimin , Lai Xiaoyu , Zhao Yanmin , Liu Lizhen , Yu Jian , Yang Luxin , Zhu Panpan , Zheng Weiyan , Hu Yongxian , Wu Wenjun , Zhu Yuanyuan , Cai Zhen , Huang He , Luo Yi 
Published: June 2023

SummaryMost events that limit life expectancy after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) occur within the first 2 years; however, treatment outcomes in long‐term survivors who survive for at least 2 years post‐HSCT without relapse are yet to be elucidated. To explore the life expectancy trends and late complications and to assess the main mortality‐related factors, we investigated the characteristics of patients who received allo‐HSCT for haematological malignancies from 2007 to 2019 in our centre and survived in remission for 2 years. A cohort of 831 patients was enrolled; of these, 508 received grafts from haploidentical‐related donors (61.1%). The estimated overall survival rate at 10 years was 91.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89.8–93.5), which was affected by prior grade III–IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) (hazard ratio [HR], 2.98; 95% CI, 1.47–6.03; p = 0.002) and severe chronic GVHD (HR, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.93–6.71; p < 0.001). The probability of late relapse and non‐relapse mortality at 10 years was 8.7% (95% CI, 6.9–10.8) and 3.6% (95% CI, 2.5–5.1) respectively. The top cause of late mortality was relapsed (49.0%). Projected long‐term survival in 2‐year disease‐free survivors following allo‐HSCT was excellent. Strategies should be implemented to minimise the late death‐specific hazards in recipients.
Environmental inequality and disparities in school readiness: The role of neurotoxic lead
Authors: Schachner Jared N. , Wodtke Geoffrey T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDevelopmental science has increasingly scrutinized how environmental hazards influence child outcomes, but few studies examine how contaminants affect disparities in early skill formation. Linking research on environmental inequality and early childhood development, this study assessed whether differences in exposure to neurotoxic lead explain sociodemographic gaps in school readiness. Using panel data tracking a representative sample of 1266 Chicago children (50% female, 16% White, 30% Black, 49% Hispanic, μage = 5.2 months at baseline, collected 1994–2002), analyses quantified the contribution of lead contamination to class and racial disparities in vocabulary skills and attention problems at ages 4 and 5. Results suggested that lead contamination explains 15%–25% and 33%–66% of the disparities in each outcome, respectively, although imprecise estimates preclude drawing firm inferences about attention problems.
Network structure of the links between extracurricular time‐use and delinquent behaviors: Moving forward and beyond linear relations
Authors: Xia Yiwei , Ma Zhihao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing psychological network analysis, this study explored the heterogeneity of the network structure between extracurricular time‐use and delinquency using a nationally representative longitudinal survey of at‐school students in China (N = 10,279, 47.3% female, average age 13.6, 91.2% Han ethnicity). The results are threefold: First, time stimulation of activities occurs on weekdays, while time displacement and stimulation occur on weekends. Second, delinquent behaviors are positively correlated, forming a problem behavior syndrome. Smoking or drinking is the central delinquent behavior. Third, negative consequences of specific time‐use behaviors are more likely to occur on weekends than on weekdays, and time‐use behavior may function differently on weekdays versus weekends. Among them, going to coffeenets or game‐centers serves as the bridge with the highest potential of triggering delinquency.
School integration of immigrant children in Belgium
Authors: Desmée Lise , Cebotari Victor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study examines the social, learning and emotional needs of immigrant children enrolled in an educational preparatory programme before transitioning to the formal school system in Belgium. Data for this study were collected through 12 semi‐structured interviews with teachers and programme coordinators in four secondary schools and four reception centres in the greater Brussels region in 2020. Findings reveal that schools and teachers are increasingly aware of the complex needs of immigrant children and can address these needs through various channels, such as organizing school and extra‐curricular activities, adapting teaching approaches to match children's individual learning requirements, and incorporating the language and culture of students into the learning process. These efforts foster a relationship of trust between teachers and students, creating an environment in which children learn and feel secure. However, several risk factors, including the lack of teacher training for working with immigrant children, insufficient guidance of children through the programme, the need to motivate children to continue learning, the absence of methodological tools for teaching children with low literacy rates, the mixture of children of different ages, and unaddressed emotional trauma, could potentially impede the learning and school integration process of immigrant children.
On the Problems Solved by Cognitive Processes
Authors: Smaldino Paul E. , Pietraszewski David , Wertz Annie E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCognitive scientists have focused too narrowly on the acquisition of data and on the methods to extract patterns from those data. We argue that a successful science of the mind requires widening our focus to include the problems being solved by cognitive processes. Frameworks that characterize cognitive processes in terms of instrumental problem‐solving, such as those within the evolutionary social sciences, become necessary if we wish to discover more accurate descriptions of those processes.
Temporal trends of de novo urological malignancy in renal transplant recipients without a cancer history: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Lu Kevin , Chiu Kun‐Yuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of malignancies after successful kidney transplantation has historically been higher than in the general population, with adverse impact on clinical outcomes. However, uncertainty remains as to which cancers occur at what time points after kidney transplantation.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal cohort study to investigate the temporal trends and topographic patterns of de novo malignancies to optimize surveillance protocols and improve transplant outcome in renal transplant recipients. Measurement of death and cancer events was performed to calculate the cumulative risk of events of interest.ResultsBetween 2000 and 2013, 3169 renal transplant recipients were retrospectively screened; 3035 (96%) of them met eligibility criteria and were evaluated with a follow‐up of 27612 person‐years. There was suboptimal overall survival and malignancy‐free survival in renal transplant recipients compared to reference groups (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.50–1.82; p < .001; HR: 2.33; 95% CI: 2.04–2.66; p < .001, respectively). Among renal transplant recipients, urological malignancies were predominant (57.5%), followed by digestive tract malignancies (21.4%). The cancer risks of the urinary bladder and upper urinary tract were lower in male subjects (HR: .48; 95% CI: .33–.72; p < .001; HR: .34; 95% CI: .20–.59; p < .001, respectively). The temporal trends of urological malignancies among renal transplant recipients were expressed in a bimodal pattern, with M‐shaped peaks at 3 and 9 years, with gender disparity.ConclusionsIn renal transplant recipients, cancer occurrences are shown as M‐shaped twin peaks. Our study highlights that specific customized 'targeted' strategies for cancer surveillance programs are required to optimize posttransplant care.
Intra‐EU migration, public transfers and assimilation
Authors: Suari‐Andreu Eduard , van Vliet Olaf 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the assimilation of EU migrants via the receipt of public transfers using high‐quality administrative panel data for the Netherlands. Research on this topic has relevant implications for EU expansion policy, migration policy, and perception of migrants in host societies. The data that we employ contain comprehensive information on all public transfers that individuals can receive. Results show that free entry from other EU countries decreases both the share of individuals who receive public transfers and the average amount received. The differences between EU migrants and natives are particularly large during the first years after arrival in the Netherlands, and become indistinguishable from zero after seven years. This indicates a process of gradual assimilation into public transfer receipt. Further exploration using an Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition reveals important composition effects that are due mostly to differences in age and variables related to family structure.
Estimation of fatty liver disease clinical role on glucose metabolic remodelling phenotypes and T2DM onset
Authors: Martinez‐Urbistondo Diego , Huerta Ana , Navarro‐González David , Sánchez‐Iñigo Laura , Fernandez‐Montero Alejandro , Landecho Manuel F. , Martinez J. Alfredo , Pastrana‐Delgado Juan C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionMetabolic syndrome (MetS), prediabetes (PreDM) and Fatty Liver Disease (FLD) share pathophysiological pathways concerning type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset. The non‐invasive assessment of fatty liver combined with PreDM and MetS features screening might provide further accuracy in predicting hyperglycemic status in the clinical setting with the putative description of singular phenotypes. The objective of the study is to evaluate and describe the links of a widely available FLD surrogate ‐the non‐invasive serological biomarker Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI)‐ with previously described T2DM risk predictors, such as preDM and MetS in forecasting T2DM onset.Patients and methodsA retrospective ancillary cohort study was performed on 2799 patients recruited in the Vascular‐Metabolic CUN cohort. The main outcome was the incidence of T2DM according to ADA criteria. MetS and PreDM were defined according to ATP III and ADA criteria, respectively. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) with standardized thresholds was used to discriminate patients with FLD, which was referred as estimated FLD (eFLD).ResultsMetS and PreDM were more common in patients with eFLD as compared to those with an HSI < 36 points (35% vs 8% and 34% vs. 18%, respectively). Interestingly, eFLD showed clinical effect modification with MetS and PreDM in the prediction of T2DM [eFLD‐MetS interaction HR = 4.48 (3.37‐5.97) and eFLD‐PreDM interaction HR = 6.34 (4.67‐8.62)]. These findings supported the description of 5 different liver status‐linked phenotypes with increasing risk of T2DM: Control group (1,5% of T2DM incidence), eFLD patients (4,4% of T2DM incidence), eFLD and MetS patients (10,6% of T2DM incidence), PreDM patients (11,1% of T2DM incidence) and eFLD and PreDM patients (28,2% of T2DM incidence). These phenotypes provided independent capacity of prediction of T2DM incidence after adjustment for age, sex, tobacco and alcohol consumption, obesity and number of SMet features with a c‐Harrell=0.84.ConclusionEstimated Fatty Liver Disease using HSI criteria (eFLD) interplay with MetS features and PreDM might help to discriminate patient risk of T2DM in the clinical setting through the description of independent metabolic risk phenotypes.[Correction added on 15 June 2023, after first online publication: The abstract section was updated in this current version.]
Coevolution of species colonisation rates controls food‐chain length in spatially structured food webs
Authors: Calcagno Vincent , David Patrice , Jarne Philippe , Massol François 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHow the complexity of food webs depends on environmental variables is a long‐standing ecological question. It is unclear though how food‐chain length should vary with adaptive evolution of the constitutive species. Here we model the evolution of species colonisation rates and its consequences on occupancies and food‐chain length in metacommunities. When colonisation rates can evolve, longer food‐chains can persist. Extinction, perturbation and habitat loss all affect evolutionarily stable colonisation rates, but the strength of the competition‐colonisation trade‐off has a major role: weaker trade‐offs yield longer chains. Although such eco‐evo dynamics partly alleviates the spatial constraint on food‐chain length, it is no magic bullet: the highest, most vulnerable, trophic levels are also those that least benefit from evolution. We provide qualitative predictions regarding how trait evolution affects the response of communities to disturbance and habitat loss. This highlights the importance of eco‐evolutionary dynamics at metacommunity level in determining food‐chain length.
Perceived seizure risk in epilepsy: Chronic electronic surveys with and without concurrent electroencephalography
Authors: Cui Jie , Balzekas Irena , Nurse Ewan , Viana Pedro , Gregg Nicholas , Karoly Philippa , Stirling Rachel E. , Worrell Gregory , Richardson Mark P. , Freestone Dean R. , Brinkmann Benjamin H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies suggested that patients with epilepsy might be able to forecast their own seizures. This study aimed to assess the relationships between premonitory symptoms, perceived seizure risk, and future and recent self‐reported and electroencephalographically (EEG)‐confirmed seizures in ambulatory patients with epilepsy in their natural home environments.MethodsLong‐term e‐surveys were collected from patients with and without concurrent EEG recordings. Information obtained from the e‐surveys included medication adherence, sleep quality, mood, stress, perceived seizure risk, and seizure occurrences preceding the survey. EEG seizures were identified. Univariate and multivariate generalized linear mixed‐effect regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for the assessment of the relationships. Results were compared with the seizure forecasting classifiers and device forecasting literature using a mathematical formula converting OR to equivalent area under the curve (AUC).ResultsFifty‐four subjects returned 10 269 e‐survey entries, with four subjects acquiring concurrent EEG recordings. Univariate analysis revealed that increased stress (OR = 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–3.61, AUC = .61, p = .02) was associated with increased relative odds of future self‐reported seizures. Multivariate analysis showed that previous self‐reported seizures (OR = 5.37, 95% CI = 3.53–8.16, AUC = .76, p < .001) were most strongly associated with future self‐reported seizures, and high perceived seizure risk (OR = 3.34, 95% CI = 1.87–5.95, AUC = .69, p < .001) remained significant when prior self‐reported seizures were added to the model. No correlation with medication adherence was found. No significant association was found between e‐survey responses and subsequent EEG seizures.SignificanceOur results suggest that patients may tend to self‐forecast seizures that occur in sequential groupings and that low mood and increased stress may be the result of previous seizures rather than independent premonitory symptoms. Patients in the small cohort with concurrent EEG showed no ability to self‐predict EEG seizures. The conversion from OR to AUC values facilitates direct comparison of performance between survey and device studies involving survey premonition and forecasting.
Gender disparity in the effects of COVID‐19 on academic productivity and career satisfaction in anesthesiology in the US: Results of a national survey of anesthesiologists
Authors: Jankowska Anna E. , Pai Sher‐Lu , Lee Jennifer K. , Austin Thomas M. , Nyshadham Soumya , Diachun Carol Ann B. , Byerly Stephanie I. , Hertzberg Linda B. , Berenstain Laura K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic created unprecedented challenges for anesthesiologists both at work and home. This study examined whether the pandemic affected academic productivity and career satisfaction among anesthesiologists practicing in the United States during the early stages of the pandemic and whether these effects differed by gender. A survey was emailed to 25,473 members of the American Society of Anesthesiologists to learn about their experiences during the beginning of the pandemic. The survey directed respondents to rate their change in academic productivity, clinical care hours, scholarly and leadership opportunities, income, childcare duties, and household responsibilities during the first 5 months of the pandemic (March 1–July 31, 2020). The primary variable was gender, academic productivity was the primary outcome, and data were analyzed by multivariable proportional odds logistic regression models and correlations. Female anesthesiologists reported lower academic productivity and career satisfaction relative to male anesthesiologists during the study period. Career satisfaction positively correlated with academic productivity. Compared to male anesthesiologists, female anesthesiologists also had more household responsibilities before and during the pandemic. Being a female parent reduced academic productivity relative to that reported by nonparents of either gender. In conclusion, the early months of the COVID‐19 pandemic had a greater adverse professional impact on female anesthesiologists than on their male counterparts. Efforts to support and retain female anesthesiologists, particularly those early in their careers and those with children, are essential for the specialty to maintain its workforce and promote gender equity in promotion and leadership.
The role of new inflammatory markers in determining disease activation and severity in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Öksüm Solak Eda , Baran Ketencioglu Burcu , Cinar Salih L. , Kartal Demet , Borlu Murat 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Recently published studies have suggested the use of markers of inflammation to monitor HS patients. These studies discuss the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), pan‐immune‐inflammation value (PIV), and systemic immune‐inflammation index (SIII), which are also used in other inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to compare the blood parameters, including NLR, PLR, SIII, and PIV, in HS patients and healthy individuals, and determine their correlation with disease severity. The study included 81 HS patients and 61 healthy volunteers. The patients' medical records and laboratory values of the control group were reviewed retrospectively. HS severity was assessed using Hurley staging. NLR, PLR, SIII, and PIV values were calculated based on complete blood counts. NLR, SIII, and PIV values were significantly higher in HS patients compared to the healthy control group and were positively associated with disease severity. There was no significant difference observed in PLR values concerning disease severity. This study suggests that NLR, SIII, and PIV values can be utilized as simple and cost‐effective tests to monitor disease activity and severity in HS patients. However, larger and more comprehensive studies are needed to establish diagnostic cutoff values, and further evaluation of sensitivity and specificity is required.
Exploring the luminescence of tin‐incorporated nickel‐sensitized lithium gallate short‐wave‐infrared phosphors
Authors: Kosgei Gilbert K. , Fernando P. U. Ashvin Iresh , Forrester Jennifer S. , Alberts Erik M. , Fernando Brianna M. , Henderson David L. , Weiss Charles A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA series of Ni2+‐sensitized LiGa5O8 nanocrystals doped with varying amounts of Sn4+ were synthesized via a high‐temperature solid‐state method. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were employed to investigate the microstructure of the LiGa5O8 host, and optical spectroscopy was used to examine the effects of Sn4+ addition on the emission spectra and persistent luminescence (PersL) properties, which indicated a homogeneous distribution of the constituent elements in the phosphor. The Sn4+ incorporation led to an approximately sixfold enhancement of photoluminescence intensity at room temperature and decrease in the energy transition of Ni2+(3T2(3F)→3A2(3F)), which resulted in ∼65 nm bathochromic shift in the photoluminescence emission maxima. However, the addition of Sn4+ dopant led to a decrease in the quantum yield of luminescence compared to that of the original phosphor. Temperature‐dependent thermoluminescence measurements revealed that doping of LiGa5O8 with Sn4+ interfered with the Ni2+ trap centers. Moreover, Ni2+‐sensitized Sn4+‐doped LiGa5O8 nanocrystals exhibited an afterglow effect that persisted for up to 300 s.