bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blind classification of e-scooter trips according to their relationship with public transport
Authors: Vinagre Díaz Juan José , Fernández Pozo Rubén , Rodríguez González Ana Belén , Wilby Mark Richard , Anvari Bani 
Published: March 2023

AbstractE-scooter services have multiplied worldwide as a form of urban transport. Their use has grown so quickly that policymakers and researchers still need to understand their interrelation with other transport modes. At present, e-scooter services are primarily seen as a first-and-last-mile solution for public transport. However, we demonstrate that $$50\,\%$$

50

%

of e-scooter trips are either substituting it or covering areas with little public transportation infrastructure. To this end, we have developed a novel data-driven methodology that autonomously classifies e-scooter trips according to their relation to public transit. Instead of predefined design criteria, the blind nature of our approach extracts the city’s intrinsic parameters from real data. We applied this methodology to Rome (Italy), and our findings reveal that e-scooters provide specific mobility solutions in areas with particular needs. Thus, we believe that the proposed methodology will contribute to the understanding of e-scooter services as part of shared urban mobility.
Positive Solutions of the $\mathcal {A}$-Laplace Equation with a Potential
Authors: Hou Yongjun , Pinchover Yehuda , Rasila Antti 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study positive solutions of the quasilinear elliptic equation
$$ \begin{array}{@{}rcl@{}} Q^{\prime}_{p,\mathcal{A},V}[u]\triangleq -\text{div} {\mathcal{A}(x,\nabla u)}+V(x)|u|^{p-2}u=0, \end{array} $$

Q

p
,
A
,
V

′

[
u
]
≜
−
div
A
(
x
,
∇
u
)
+
V
(
x
)
|
u

|

p
−
2

u
=
0
,

in a domain ${\Omega }\subseteq \mathbb {R}^{n}$
Ω
⊆

ℝ

n

, where n ≥ 2, $1< p <\infty $
1
<
p
<
∞
, the divergence of $\mathcal {A}$
A
is the well known $\mathcal {A}$
A
-Laplace operator considered in the influential book of Heinonen, Kilpeläinen, and Martio, and the potential V belongs to a certain local Morrey space. The main aim of the paper is to extend criticality theory to the operator $Q^{\prime }_{p,\mathcal {A},V}$

Q

p
,
A
,
V

′

. In particular, we prove an Agmon-Allegretto-Piepenbrink (AAP) type theorem, establish the uniqueness and simplicity of the principal eigenvalue of $Q^{\prime }_{p,\mathcal {A},V}$

Q

p
,
A
,
V

′

in a domain $\omega \Subset {\Omega }$
ω
⋐
Ω
, and give various characterizations of criticality. Furthermore, we also study positive solutions of the equation $Q^{\prime }_{p,\mathcal {A},V}[u]=0$

Q

p
,
A
,
V

′

[
u
]
=
0
of minimal growth at infinity in Ω, the existence of a minimal positive Green function, and the minimal decay at infinity of Hardy-weights.
Within-field yield stability and gross margin variations across corn fields and implications for precision conservation
Authors: Adhikari Kabindra , Smith Douglas R. , Hajda Chad , Kharel Tulsi P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSoil spatial variability is a primary contributor to within-field yield variation across farms. Spatio-temporal yield stability and variability can be assessed through multi-year yield monitor data and geostatistical techniques. Our objective was to delineate yield stability zones using multi-year yield data coupled with gross margins to plan precision conservation prescriptions. This study employed corn yield measurements from 2018, 2019, 2020 and farm economics data to compile yield stability and gross margin maps for nine Texas Blackland Prairie corn fields, and identified nonprofitable areas in each field that may be unsuitable for crop production. Yield stability zones were delineated using mean and coefficient of variation of multi-year yield maps (Zone A: high yield, stable; Zone B: high yield, unstable; Zone C: low yield, unstable; and Zone D: low yield, stable). Approximately 57% of the area in the fields was classified as unstable and, nearly 29% of the area yielded consistently below the field mean (Zone D). Gross margin for stability zones ranged from − $693 to $775/ha. Stability zones A and B generally had positive gross margins, whereas zones C and D had negative margins. Based on yield and gross margin assessment, yield stability zone D could be removed from row crop production. As a part of the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research Network Common Cropland Experiment, Zone D was removed from production (fields Y-8 and Y-13) or received reduced inputs (field SW-16 and W-13). Further study is needed to verify the farm-level economic benefits to producers and to evaluate the environmental benefits of precision conservation.
Biologically inspired robotic perception-action for soft fruit harvesting in vertical growing environments
Authors: Wang Fuli , Urquizo Rodolfo Cuan , Roberts Penelope , Mohan Vishwanathan , Newenham Chris , Ivanov Andrey , Dowling Robin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMultiple interlinked factors like demographics, migration patterns, and economics are presently leading to the critical shortage of labour available for low-skilled, physically demanding tasks like soft fruit harvesting. This paper presents a biomimetic robotic solution covering the full ‘Perception-Action’ loop targeting harvesting of strawberries in a state-of-the-art vertical growing environment. The novelty emerges from both dealing with crop/environment variance as well as configuring the robot action system to deal with a range of runtime task constraints. Unlike the commonly used deep neural networks, the proposed perception system uses conditional Generative Adversarial Networks to identify the ripe fruit using synthetic data. The network can effectively train the synthetic data using the image-to-image translation concept, thereby avoiding the tedious work of collecting and labelling the real dataset. Once the harvest-ready fruit is localised using point cloud data generated by a stereo camera, our platform’s action system can coordinate the arm to reach/cut the stem using the Passive Motion Paradigm framework inspired by studies on neural control of movement in the brain. Results from field trials for strawberry detection, reaching/cutting the stem of the fruit, and extension to analysing complex canopy structures/bimanual coordination (searching/picking) are presented. While this article focuses on strawberry harvesting, ongoing research towards adaptation of the architecture to other crops such as tomatoes and sweet peppers is briefly described.
The Association Between Facilitator Competent Adherence and Outcomes in Parenting Programs: a Systematic Review and SWiM Analysis
Authors: Martin M. , Steele B. , Spreckelsen T. F. , Lachman J. M. , Gardner F. , Shenderovich Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is increasing interest about the fidelity with which interventions are implemented because it is theorized that better implementation fidelity by facilitators is associated with better participant outcomes. However, in the parenting program literature, there is mixed evidence on the relationship between implementation fidelity and outcomes. This paper provides a synthesis of the evidence on the relationship between facilitator delivery and outcomes in the parenting program literature. Following PRISMA guidelines, this paper synthesizes the results of a systematic review of studies on parenting programs aiming to reduce violence against children and child behavior problems. Specifically, it examines associations between observational measures of facilitator competent adherence and parent and child outcomes. A meta-analysis was not feasible due to study heterogeneity. As a result, Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed. Searches in electronic databases, reference searching, forward citation tracking, and expert input identified 9653 articles. After screening using pre-specified criteria, 18 articles were included. The review found that most studies (n = 13) reported a statistically significant positive relationship with at least one parent or child outcome. However, eight studies reported inconsistent findings across outcomes, and four studies found no association with outcomes. The results suggest that better facilitator competent adherence is generally associated with positive parent and child outcomes. However, this finding is weakened by the methodological heterogeneity of included studies and due to the wide variety of ways in which studies conceptualized competent adherence-outcome relationships.
Addition and aggregative efficiency
Authors: Färe Rolf , Karagiannis Giannis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to relate the condition for cost subadditivity to aggregative efficiency. In particular, we verify that subadditivity of the cost function occurs when aggregate cost efficiency is not less than the cost efficiency of the average production unit. This provides a simple way of examining the potential of merging two or more firms and of making inference about the extent of industry concentration. It also provides a simple nonparametric test for subadditivity of the cost function.
Reliability and validity of PRO-CTCAE® daily reporting with a 24-hour recall period
Authors: Lee M. K. , Basch E. , Mitchell S. A. , Minasian L. M. , Langlais B. T. , Thanarajasingam G. , Ginos B. F. , Rogak L. J. , Mendoza T. R. , Bennett A. V. , Schrag D. , Mazza G. L. , Dueck A. C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The standard recall period for the patient-reported outcomes version of the common terminology criteria for adverse events (PRO-CTCAE®) is the past 7 days, but there are contexts where a 24-hour recall may be desirable. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate the reliability and validity of a subset of PRO-CTCAE items captured using a 24-hour recall.

Methods
27 PRO-CTCAE items representing 14 symptomatic adverse events (AEs) were collected using both a 24-hour recall (24 h) and the standard 7 day recall (7d) in a sample of patients receiving active cancer treatment (n = 113). Using data captured with a PRO-CTCAE-24h on days 6 and 7, and 20 and 21, we computed intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC); an ICC ≥ 0.70 was interpreted as demonstrating high test–retest reliability. Correlations between PRO-CTCAE-24h items on day 7 and conceptually relevant EORTC QLQ-C30 domains were examined. In responsiveness analysis, patients were deemed changed if they had a one-point or greater change in the corresponding PRO-CTCAE-7d item (from week 0 to week 1).

Results
PRO-CTCAE-24h captured on two consecutive days demonstrated that 21 of 27 items (78%) had ICCs ≥ 0.70 (day 6/7 median ICC 0.76), (day 20/21 median ICC 0.84). Median correlation between attributes within a common AE was 0.75, and the median correlation between conceptually relevant EORTC QLQ-C30 domains and PRO-CTCAE-24 h items captured on day 7 was 0.44. In the analysis of responsiveness to change, the median standardized response mean (SRM) for patients with improvement was − 0.52 and that for patients with worsening was 0.71.

Conclusion
A 24-hour recall period for PRO-CTCAE items has acceptable measurement properties and can inform day-to-day variations in symptomatic AEs when daily PRO-CTCAE administration is implemented in a clinical trial.
Akan folklore as a philosophical framework for education in Ghana
Authors: Amponsah Samuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhilosophies of education serve as frameworks for producing lifelong learners and a knowledgeable and skilled human workforce who brace up their societies for changes in the 21st century. However, the Ghanaian education system continues to relegate its rich Indigenous philosophies to the back burner, favouring Western educational philosophies to drive its educational policies and practices. Ghana cannot continue to pursue a lifelong education agenda by relying on education that is entirely centred on foreign cultural values. The author of this article argues that lifelong education in Ghana needs to incorporate more elements of an authentic Ghanaian framework. Based on the view that a connection between education, culture and development in Ghana is imperative, he thus analyses the educational strengths of African folklore from the Akan ethnic group of Ghana. His conclusion is that aspects of Akan folklore, including its stories and proverbs, its kinship rights and rules, its moral codes, its corporate and humanistic perspective, present a viable alternative and complement to the country’s current westernised education. The author therefore proposes an enhanced Ghanaian framework for education which takes on board Akan philosophy and pedagogy. This will be beneficial for promoting quality and lifelong education in the country and serve the common good of Ghanaians.
Transport endowment, knowledge spillovers and firm performance in emerging economies
Authors: Bergantino Angela Stefania , Capozza Claudia , Spiru Ada 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work explores the link between firm performance in emerging economies and transport infrastructure endowment, as a key element of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. We ground on the idea that transport infrastructures, by enabling connectivity, interactions and the exchange of knowledge and ideas, have the potential to enhance commercial opportunity recognition, technological development and, thus, firm economic performance. We also emphasize the crucial role of logistics system performance in providing better linkages between suppliers, firms and customers. The empirical analysis is focused on emerging economies whose infrastructure endowment is lower than those of developed ones; thus, its improvement is likely to be associated with better performance of their firms and economies. The results suggest that part of country-level differences in firm’s labour productivity is explained by transport endowment. Particularly, transport networks, such as roads and railways, and the logistics system and services show strong and positive relationships with productivity, while transport nodes, such as airports and ports, show little or no association. This might occur because networks spread knowledge spillovers in a more capillary way compared to nodes. Overall, the empirical results suggest that policy-makers in emerging economies can sustain the economic performance of firms, with beneficial effects on the economic system, by improving their transport endowment.
‘Vulnerable Monsters’: Constructions of Dementia in the Australian Royal Commission into Aged Care
Authors: Chelberg Kristina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper argues that while regulatory frameworks in aged care authorise restraints to protect vulnerable persons living with dementia from harm, they also serve as normalising practices to control challenging monstrous Others. This argument emerges out of an observed unease in aged care discourse where older people living with dementia are described as ‘vulnerable’, while dementia behaviours are described as ‘challenging’. Using narrative analysis on a case study from the Final Report of the Australian Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety (RCAC), this paper investigates how the RCAC (re)produced constructions of persons with dementia as ‘vulnerable monsters’. Drawing upon monstrous theory about ‘unruly and leaky’ bodies, extracts from the case study reveal how the RCAC repeated and reinforced monstrous constructions of dementia. Dementia behaviours, particularly ‘wandering’, were constructed through a dehumanising crisis frame that produced ‘challenging’ bodies and legitimised ‘last resort’ normalising practices, such as physical and chemical restraints. In failing to resist monstrous constructions of dementia behaviours, the RCAC accepted and authorised a regime of scaled responses leading to restrictive practices for control of challenging bodies in aged care. Although dementia care and restrictive practices received substantial attention in the RCAC, this paper reveals a missed opportunity for deeper review of institutionalised use of restraints that has relevance for ongoing reform of Australian aged care following conclusion of the RCAC.
Critical ordinary language philosophy: A new project in experimental philosophy
Authors: Fischer Eugen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeveral important philosophical problems (including the problems of perception, free will, and scepticism) arise from antinomies that are developed through philosophical paradoxes. The critical strand of ordinary language philosophy (OLP), as practiced by J.L. Austin, provides an approach to such ‘antinomic problems’ that proceeds from an examination of ‘ordinary language’ (how people ordinarily talk about the phenomenon of interest) and ‘common sense’ (what they commonly think about it), and deploys findings to show that the problems at issue are artefacts of fallacious reasoning. The approach is capable, and in need of, empirical development. Proceeding from a case-study on Austin’s paradigmatic treatment of the problem of perception, this paper identifies the key empirical assumptions informing the approach, assesses them in the light of empirical findings about default inferences, contextualisation failures, and belief fragmentation, and explores how these findings can be deployed to address the problem of perception. This facilitates a novel resolution of the problem of perception. Proceeding from this paradigm, the paper proposes ‘experimental critical OLP’ as a new research program in experimental philosophy that avoids apparent non-sequiturs of OLP, extends and transforms experimental philosophy’s ‘sources program’, and provides a promising new strategy for deploying empirical findings about how people ordinarily talk and think about phenomena, to address longstanding philosophical problems.
Deepfakes and the epistemic apocalypse
Authors: Habgood-Coote Joshua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is widely thought that deepfake videos are a significant and unprecedented threat to our epistemic practices. In some writing about deepfakes, manipulated videos appear as the harbingers of an unprecedented epistemic apocalypse. In this paper I want to take a critical look at some of the more catastrophic predictions about deepfake videos. I will argue for three claims: (1) that once we recognise the role of social norms in the epistemology of recordings, deepfakes are much less concerning, (2) that the history of photographic manipulation reveals some important precedents, correcting claims about the novelty of deepfakes, and (3) that proposed solutions to deepfakes have been overly focused on technological interventions. My overall goal is not so much to argue that deepfakes are not a problem, but to argue that behind concerns around deepfakes lie a more general class of social problems about the organisation of our epistemic practices.
When the education emphasises empathy: does it predict differences in professional commitment between male and female students in caring education?
Authors: Nesje Kjersti 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMen are underrepresented in caring degrees such as nursing, teaching and social work. There is a political ambition to attract more men to these educational programmes, in part because of the future, global need for professionals such as nurses and teachers. A common explanation for men not entering these programmes concerns the relational aspects. Care and empathy are important components in caring professions - skills which traditionally have been associated with the female role, and stereotypically viewed as less suitable for men. There has been too little research on how male students that do enter caring degrees evaluate the programmes’ emphasis on empathy, and furthermore whether this relates to their commitment to their future profession. In this study I show that there is no difference between male and female students in reporting that the study programmes have overemphasised empathy. However, reporting that the degree has given excessive weight to empathy is negatively related to commitment to the profession among male students and not among female students.
Sequence-to-Sequence Change-Point Detection in Single-Particle Trajectories via Recurrent Neural Network for Measuring Self-Diffusion
Authors: Martinez Q. , Chen C. , Xia J. , Bahai H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA recurrent neural network is developed for segmenting between anomalous and normal diffusion in single-particle trajectories. Accurate segmentation infers a distinct change point that is used to approximate an Einstein linear regime in the mean-squared displacement curve via the transition density function, a unique physical descriptor for short-lived and delayed transiency. Through several artificial and simulated scenarios, we demonstrate the compelling accuracy of our model for dissecting linear and nonlinear behaviour. The inherent practicality of our model lies in its ability to substantiate the self-diffusion coefficient through offline trajectory segmentation, which is opposed to the common ‘best-guess’ linear fitting standard. Additionally, we show that the transition density function has fundamental implications and correspondence to underlying mechanisms that influence transition. In particular, we show that the known proportionality between salt concentration and diffusion of water also influences delayed anomalous behaviour.
Foam Propagation with Flow Reversal
Authors: Torres-Ulloa Carlos , Grassia Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith a view towards modelling the foam improved oil recovery process, fractional flow theory is used to study the dynamics of a foam as it propagates in a porous medium that is initially filled with liquid. In particular, a case is studied whereby, at a certain time, the net pressure driving the foam is decreased below the hydrostatic pressure at depth, leading to a local change in the flow direction. This is known as flow reversal. In both forward and reverse flow, the boundary between foamed gas and liquid is found as a discontinuous jump in liquid saturation. Over a certain thickness in the neighbourhood of this discontinuity, foam is finely textured, and the mobility of foamed gas drops by orders of magnitude relative to either pure gas or pure liquid. In reverse flow, however, the foam mobility itself and also the thickness over which low mobilities apply might differ from the forward flow case. Fractional flow theory reveals that the thickness of the low mobility region, and hence the resistance to motion that it presents, increases directly proportional to the distance travelled. Previous studies recognised this, but assumed the thickness of this region to be just a small fraction of the distance travelled by the discontinuity. Here, however, we demonstrate that the extent of the low mobility region, in both forward and reverse flow, accounts for a considerable fraction of the distance travelled by the foam, despite what was assumed in previous works.
Provocative Insinuations as Hate Speech: Argumentative Functions of Mentioning Ethnicity in Headlines
Authors: Domínguez-Armas Álvaro , Soria-Ruiz Andrés , Lewiński Marcin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe explore a particular type of propagandistic message, which we call “provocative insinuation”. For example: ‘Iraqi refugee is convicted in Germany of raping and murdering teenage girl’. Although this sentence seems to merely report a fact, it also conveys a potentially hateful message about Iraqi refugees. We look at the argumentative roles that these utterances play in public discourse. Specifically, we argue that they implicitly address the question of the integration of refugees and migrants, and in fact aim to tilt the audience against these groups by strongly inviting hearers to make generalisations based on “striking” properties. We examine different strategies to counteract the conveyed hateful message.