bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Formulation for a Nonlinear Axisymmetric Magneto-Heat Coupling Problem with an Unknown Nonlocal Boundary Condition
Authors: Wang Ran , Zhang Huai , Kang Tong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates a nonlinear axisymmetric magneto-heat coupling problem described by the quasi-static Maxwell’s equations and a heat equation. The coupling between them is provided through the temperature-dependent electric conductivity. The behavior of the material is defined by an anhysteretic 𝑯-𝑩 curve. The magnetic flux across a meridian section of the medium gives rise to the magnetic field equation with the unknown nonlocal boundary condition. We present a variational formulation for this coupling problem and prove its solvability in terms of the Rothe method. The nonlinearity is handled by the theory of monotone operators. We also suggest a discrete decoupled scheme to solve this problem by employing the finite element method and show some numerical results in the final section.
Effect of curvature and stacking sequence on flexural strength in glass fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Kaboglu Cihan , Eken Taha Yasin , Guney Sukran 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Most of the structures in vehicles used in the automotive, aviation, and marine industries are exposed to different loads. It is seen that these structures are more exposed to flexural stress. Structures can sustain dangerous damage over time under the effects of flexural loads. The resistance of curved glass fiber reinforced polymer composites to flexural force is very important. In this study, the diameters of curved composites of 760 mm, 380 mm, and 304 mm are studied. Also, fiber stacking sequences were determined as [0/0/−45/+45/90/90]S and [90/90/−45/+45/0/0]S and compared. All specimens were produced by vacuum infusion method. Three-point flexural tests were performed according to the ASTM D7264 standard at 1 mm∙min−1 punch speed. Among all composites, 760 mm diameter and Type 2 stacking were found to have the highest flexural strength. Hence, it was observed that the flexural strength decreased with the increase in curvature, and Type 2 fiber layer sequencing is more durable than Type 1 sequencing. This is because the 90° fiber direction in the substrate has a damping effect on the applied force.
Deep learning–based vortex decomposition and switching based on fiber vector eigenmodes
Authors: Hou Mengdie , Xu Mengjun , Xu Jiangtao , Lu Jiafeng , An Yi , Huang Liangjin , Zeng Xianglong , Pang Fufei , Li Jun , Yi Lilin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Structured optical fields, such as cylindrical vector (CV) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, have attracted considerable attention due to their polarization singularities and helical phase wavefront structure. However, one of the most critical challenges is still the intelligent generation or precise control of these modes. Here, we demonstrate the first simulation and experimental realization of decomposing the CV and OAM modes by reconstructing the multi-view images of projected intensity distribution. Assisted by the deep learning–based stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm, the modal coefficients and optical field distributions can be retrieved in 1.32 s within an average error of 0.416 % showing high efficiency and accuracy. Especially, the interference pattern and quarter-wave plate are exploited to confirm the phase and distinguish elliptical or circular polarization direction, respectively. The generated donut modes are experimentally decomposed in the CV and OAM modes, where purity of CV modes reaches 99.5 %. Finally, fast switching vortex modes is achieved by electrically driving the polarization controller to deliver diverse CV modes. Our findings may provide a convenient way to characterize and deepen the understanding of CV or OAM modes in view of modal proportions, which is expected of latent applied value on information coding and quantum computation.
Pyroptosis-related noncoding RNAs and cancer involvement
Authors: Chai Binshu , Qiu Jianhua , Pan Wei , Ma Zhongliang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cell pyroptosis, an inflammatory and programmed cell necrosis, is also an important cause of multiple organ damage and immunosuppression. Pyroptosis, a new kind of programmed cell death, leads to cleavage of the pyroptotic protein Gasdermin family and ultimately to membrane pore formation, cell shrinkage, plasma membrane cleavage, chromatin disruption and release of pro-inflammatory components. Various studies found that pyroptosis had a key role in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Gasdermin family is key protein in pyrotopsis. Non-coding RNAs have a potential role in cell pyrotosis which regulate immunity and cell death. This article reviews cell pyroptosis, GSDM family and the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs.
Preparation and evaluation of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels with zinc oxide nanoparticles as a drug controlled release agent for a hydrophilic drug
Authors: Paydayesh Azin , Soltani Shirin , Sh Dadkhah Arezoo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We report the preparation and application of ZnO/PVA nanocomposite hydrogel containing diclofenac sodium drug (DS) as a drug delivery system. The purpose of designing the nanocomposite hydrogels is to reduce the frequency of use and its side effects, and increase the effect of the drug. The desired nanocomposite hydrogel were prepared through the freezing–melting cycle. The structure and morphology were determined by FTIR and SEM, respectively. The gel fraction increased with adding the nanoparticles, from 67.49 % to 97.69 %. This amount also reaches 97.97 % by adding the drug. The degree of swelling decreased with increasing the amounts of nanoparticles and DS (998 % for PVA-710 % for 1 wt% DS). Based on the result of antibacterial properties and biocompatibility, the inhibition zones around the sample were about 2 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and for Escherichia coli. The cell viability of hydrogel increased from 66.02 % to 79.84 % with increasing the amount of DS. The biodegradation of PVA, is also higher (5–27.17 %) than ZnO/PVA with (3.8–20.2 %) and without (4–23.53 %) drug. The modeling results showed that Peppas–Korsmeyer is a good model for DS release from ZnO/PVA and the diffusion mechanism of DS is Fickian. In this way, we introduced an effective system for drug delivery.
Mechanical performance of concrete made with sewage sludge ash: A review (Part Ⅰ)
Authors: Alam Muhammad , Alanazi Hani , Althoey Fadi , Deifalla Ahmed Farouk , Ahmad Jawad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Sewage sludge is frequently stable and safe when used as construction materials since it bypasses several of the costly and energy-intensive phases of usage. This is supported by numerous studies, particularly when the proportion of sewage sludge is at ideal levels. The primary goal of this article is to demonstrate the use of sewage sludge in building and construction materials. Novel properties such as slump flow and setting time as well as strength properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, elastic modulus, impact energy, and absorbed energy are the main aspects studied in this review (Part Ⅰ). Part II describes the physical and chemical properties, durability, and morphological structure of the sewage sludge ash. The findings in this review (Part Ⅰ) indicate that the flow of concrete decreased with the addition of sewage sludge ash due to its porous nature, but the strength properties improved with sewage sludge ash due to micro-filling voids and pozzolanic activity, which improved the binding properties of cement paste. However, optimum substitution is critical as a greater proportion decreased the strength due to a deficiency of flowability, which boosted compaction energy leading to more cavities. Different studies recommend different optimum doses. However, the typical range for the optimum dose of sewage sludge ash is 5–10% (by wt) of cement.
Test Methodologies for Evaluating the Effectiveness of sUAS Communication Links for Operation in Indoor and Subterranean Environments
Authors: Meriaux Edwin , Weitzen Jay , Yoni Naye , Norton Adam 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article presents a set of nondestructive test methodologies designed to evaluate and compare performance of the communication links used for control and telemetry of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) (drones) that are operating indoors and in subterranean environments. Such a set of standardized test methodologies does not yet exist. Indoor and subterranean operation requires sUAS to operate without global positioning system and often in a spatially constrained non-line-of-sight (NLOS) communication environment. Operating in constrained indoor environments puts additional constraints on the communication links and requires a set of tests to allow evaluation and comparison of different units in typical scenarios that will be encountered. Tests to measure and compare communication link performance and ability to pilot in tunnels and office type buildings with doors, walls, and other obstructions, as well as stairwells are described. The test methods consist of measuring and comparing the NLOS radio range between the sUAS and the ground control station or operator control unit (OCU), observing the sUAS behavior with partial or total communication failure. Near the edge of coverage, correlated packet loss can lead to difficulties in piloting. A methodology for evaluating video latency that is critical for remote piloting by camera only is presented. Finally, a test methodology for characterizing the effects of interference and jamming by waveforms such as Wi-Fi often encountered in buildings is described. These test methodologies described here extend standards developed for ground robots to three dimensions. The test methodologies described in this article are part of a multifaceted project that evaluates many essential elements of drone operation indoors. These include communication, navigation, collision tolerance, mapping, trust, and automation. The test methodologies are designed to be reproduced in user facilities.
Two Ascending Thermosensory Pathways from the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus That Mediate Behavioral and Autonomous Thermoregulation
Authors: Yahiro Takaki , Kataoka Naoya , Nakamura Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2023

Thermoregulatory behavior in homeothermic animals is an innate behavior to defend body core temperature from environmental thermal challenges in coordination with autonomous thermoregulatory responses. In contrast to the progress in understanding the central mechanisms of autonomous thermoregulation, those of behavioral thermoregulation remain poorly understood. We have previously shown that the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) mediates cutaneous thermosensory afferent signaling for thermoregulation. To understand the thermosensory neural network for behavioral thermoregulation, in the present study, we investigated the roles of ascending thermosensory pathways from the LPB in avoidance behavior from innocuous heat and cold in male rats. Neuronal tracing revealed two segregated groups of LPB neurons projecting to the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO), a thermoregulatory center (LPB→MnPO neurons), and those projecting to the central amygdaloid nucleus (CeA), a limbic emotion center (LPB→CeA neurons). While LPB→MnPO neurons include separate subgroups activated by heat or cold exposure of rats, LPB→CeA neurons were only activated by cold exposure. By selectively inhibiting LPB→MnPO or LPB→CeA neurons using tetanus toxin light chain or chemogenetic or optogenetic techniques, we found that LPB→MnPO transmission mediates heat avoidance, whereas LPB→CeA transmission contributes to cold avoidance.In vivoelectrophysiological experiments showed that skin cooling-evoked thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue requires not only LPB→MnPO neurons but also LPB→CeA neurons, providing a novel insight into the central mechanism of autonomous thermoregulation. Our findings reveal an important framework of central thermosensory afferent pathways to coordinate behavioral and autonomous thermoregulation and to generate the emotions of thermal comfort and discomfort that drive thermoregulatory behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCoordination of behavioral and autonomous thermoregulation is important for maintaining thermal homeostasis in homeothermic animals. However, the central mechanism of thermoregulatory behaviors remains poorly understood. We have previously shown that the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) mediates ascending thermosensory signaling that drives thermoregulatory behavior. In this study, we found that one pathway from the LPB to the median preoptic nucleus mediates heat avoidance, whereas the other pathway from the LPB to the central amygdaloid nucleus is required for cold avoidance. Surprisingly, both pathways are required for skin cooling-evoked thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue, an autonomous thermoregulatory response. This study provides a central thermosensory network that coordinates behavioral and autonomous thermoregulation and generates thermal comfort and discomfort that drive thermoregulatory behavior.
Brief Temporal Perturbations in Somatosensory Reafference Disrupt Perceptual and Neural Attenuation and Increase Supplementary Motor Area–Cerebellar Connectivity
Authors: Kilteni Konstantina , Houborg Christian , Ehrsson H. Henrik 
Published: June 2023

Intrinsic delays in sensory feedback can be detrimental for motor control. As a compensation strategy, the brain predicts the sensory consequences of movement via a forward model on the basis of a copy of the motor command. Using these predictions, the brain attenuates somatosensory reafference to facilitate the processing of exafferent information. Theoretically, this predictive attenuation is disrupted by (even minimal) temporal errors between the predicted and actual reafference; however, direct evidence of such disruption is lacking as previous neuroimaging studies contrasted nondelayed reafferent input with exafferent input. Here, we combined psychophysics with functional magnetic resonance imaging to test whether subtle perturbations in the timing of somatosensory reafference disrupt its predictive processing. Twenty-eight participants (14 women) generated touches on their left index finger by tapping a sensor with their right index finger. The touches on the left index finger were delivered close to the time of contact of the two fingers or with a temporal perturbation (i.e., 153 ms delay). We found that such a brief temporal perturbation disrupted the attenuation of the somatosensory reafference at both the perceptual and neural levels, leading to greater somatosensory and cerebellar responses and weaker somatosensory connectivity with the cerebellum, proportional to the perceptual changes. We interpret these effects as the failure of the forward model to predictively attenuate the perturbed somatosensory reafference. Moreover, we observed increased connectivity of the supplementary motor area with the cerebellum during the perturbations, which could indicate the communication of the temporal prediction error back to the motor centers.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur brain receives somatosensory feedback from our movements with a delay. To counteract these delays, motor control theories postulate that the brain predicts the timing of somatosensory consequences of our movements and attenuates sensations received at that time. Thus, a self-generated touch feels weaker than an identical external touch. However, how subtle temporal errors between the predicted and actual somatosensory feedback perturb this predictive attenuation remains unknown. We show that such errors make the otherwise attenuated touch feel stronger, elicit stronger somatosensory responses, weaken cerebellar connectivity with somatosensory areas, and increase this connectivity with motor areas. These findings show that motor and cerebellar areas are fundamental in forming temporal predictions about the sensory consequences of our movements.
Tmem117 in AVP neurons regulates the counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia
Authors: Gaspari Sevasti , Labouèbe Gwenaël , Picard Alexandre , Berney Xavier , Rodriguez Sanchez‐Archidona Ana , Thorens Bernard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia (CRR), which ensures a sufficient glucose supply to the brain, is an essential survival function. It is orchestrated by incompletely characterized glucose‐sensing neurons, which trigger a coordinated autonomous and hormonal response that restores normoglycemia. Here, we investigate the role of hypothalamic Tmem117, identified in a genetic screen as a regulator of CRR. We show that Tmem117 is expressed in vasopressin magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamus. Tmem117 inactivation in these neurons increases hypoglycemia‐induced vasopressin secretion leading to higher glucagon secretion in male mice, and this effect is estrus cycle phase dependent in female mice. Ex vivo electrophysiological analysis, in situ hybridization, and in vivo calcium imaging reveal that Tmem117 inactivation does not affect the glucose‐sensing properties of vasopressin neurons but increases ER stress, ROS production, and intracellular calcium levels accompanied by increased vasopressin production and secretion. Thus, Tmem117 in vasopressin neurons is a physiological regulator of glucagon secretion, which highlights the role of these neurons in the coordinated response to hypoglycemia.
The FATHER Model of Loss and Grief After Child’s Life-Limiting Illness
Authors: Postavaru Gianina-Ioana , Hamilton Jenny , Davies Sian , Swaby Helen , Michael Anastasia , Swaby Rabbi , Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta B. 
Published: June 2023

CONTEXT
Loss of a child to a life-limiting condition (LLC) is 1 of the most traumatic life events for parents. Research focusing on fathers’ experiences is in its infancy.

OBJECTIVES
Using a meta-ethnographic approach, we systematically reviewed the literature around fathers’ predeath and postdeath experiences of loss and grief.

DATA SOURCES
We searched Medline, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Science Direct, and used the meta-ethnography reporting guidelines; the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; and sampling strategy, type of study, approaches, range of years, limits, inclusion and exclusions, terms used, and electronic sources recommendations.

STUDY SELECTION
We used the Guide to Children’s Palliative Care and the directory of LLCs to select qualitative articles published up until the end of March 2023 that described fathers’ predeath and postdeath experiences of loss and grief after their child’s LLC. We excluded studies that failed to differentiate outcomes between mothers and fathers.

DATA EXTRACTION
Extracted data included study details, participants’ characteristics, response rate, source of participants, method and time of data collection, children’s characteristics, and quality assessment. First-order and second-order data were also extracted.

RESULTS
Forty studies informed a FATHER model of loss and grief. This highlights both similarities (ambivalence, trauma responses, fatigue, anxiety, unresolved grief, guilt) and distinct features defining the predeath and postdeath experiences of loss and grief.

LIMITATIONS
There was a bias toward greater mother participation in research. Specific categories of fathers remain underrepresented in palliative care literature.

CONCLUSIONS
Many fathers experience disenfranchised grief and deterioration in mental health after a child’s diagnosis and postdeath. Our model opens possibilities for personalized clinical support in the palliative care system for fathers.
Extracranial facial nerve imaging in parotid surgery candidates. Could 1.5 T MRI be beneficial?
Authors: Motamedi Omid , Mohebbi Saleh , Samimi Kaveh , Borjian Mohammad Amin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and aimDespite improvements in the imaging modalities, the optimal protocol for extracranial facial nerve imaging using 1.5 T MRI is still debatable. Pre-operative mapping of the facial nerve could provide valuable information for surgeons. The current study aimed to evaluate and choose proper 1.5 T MRI protocols for the extracranial segment of facial nerve pre-op imaging.Patients and methodsExtracranial facial nerves on the tumoral and normal side of 19 patients (38 nerves) were imaged by 1.5 T MRI, using five sequences including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, T1-weighted-fat-saturated with contrast, Three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted and 3D T2-weighted. The visibility of each of the three segments of the extracranial facial nerve (the main trunk, cervicofacial and temporofacial divisions and terminal branches) in each sequence was assessed.ResultsOn the normal side, segments 1 and 2 of the nerve were identifiable in all patients and segment 3 was identifiable in 89.5% of patients in both 3D T1-weighted and 3D T2-weighted sequences. On the tumoral side, segments 1, 2 and 3 were identifiable in 89.5, 84.2 and 68.4% of patients, respectively, in 3D T1-weighted and T2-weighted sequences. 3D sequences showed significant improvement in visualizing extracranial facial nerve and its branches compared to routine T1-weighted and T2-weighted sequences.ConclusionsOur protocol showed favourable results in visualizing the extracranial facial nerve and its branches. We believe the protocol used in this study could be used as a pre-operative facial nerve mapping method using 1.5 T MRI.
Investigation of the Siderophore Production and Associated Heavy Metal Accumulation Potential of Brevibacillus laterosporus 301/İK3-2
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Fatma İnci , AYDIN Bahadır , TÜLEK Ahmet 
Published: June 2023

Siderophores are secondary metabolites released into the environment by various microorganisms, fungi, and plants to chelate iron from the surrounding environment. It is known that siderophores bind to other metals besides iron. Today, heavy metals, which are released as an undesirable result of industrial development, accumulate at high rates and pose a significant threat to biological living things. In this sense, remediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites is an urgent requirement. Siderophores are promising agents for the removal of heavy metals from natural habitats with the role of bioremediation.
In this study, the effect of heavy metals on the growth and siderophore production of Brevibacillus laterosporus was investigated. Maximum siderophore production was determined as 50 % at 48 h in the metal-free growth media. In addition, maximum siderophore production was determined for various heavy metals including 5 μM Hg2+, 0.5 mM Ni2+, 0.1 mM Co2+, and 2.5 μM Fe2+. Intracellular uptake of the mercury was also measured using optical emission spectroscopy and compared with siderophore production values of the B. laterosporus. The maximum biosorption of mercury was measured to be 40% in 5 μM Hg2+-containing media at 48 h of incubation. The results show that siderophore production is affected by uptake of various metals, and are usable for removing of heavy metals from environmental habitats.