bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia prevalence, and its association with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study in Syria
Authors: Daher Mohanad , Saqer Tareq , Jabr Mahmoud , Al-Mousa Samaher 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
To assess the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and whether there is an association between lower urinary tract symptoms linked to Benign prostatic hyperplasia and metabolic syndrome in the Syrian community.
Methods:
The participants of this observational cross-sectional study were Benign prostatic hyperplasia patients aged 40 years and above from Homs, Syria. An interview questionnaire performed to collect the data from all patients who came to the urinary clinic of Homs Military Hospital in the period of 10 January to 10 March, 2023. We used International Prostate Symptom Score to assess the urinary symptoms, and we used The US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel criteria to define the metabolic syndrome
Results:
The final sample size was 426 patients. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 46.2%. Patients with metabolic syndrome had higher International Prostate Symptom Score compared to patients without metabolic syndrome (21 vs 18, P<0.001), and 59.3% of patients with metabolic syndrome suffered from severe symptoms compared to 36.2% of patients without metabolic syndrome who suffered from severe lower urinary tract symptoms (P<0.001). There was a positive association between (waist circumference, diabetes, triglycerides) (P < 0.001), HDL (P=0.014) and higher International Prostate Symptom Score. However, there was no statistically significant association between blood pressure and International Prostate Symptom Score (P=0.879).
Conclusion:
Our results showed that patients with metabolic syndrome had a higher International Prostate Symptom Score. This idea should be used to design a new benign prostatic hyperplasia/lower urinary tract symptoms treatment.
A descriptive study on the priorities of nurses' clinical needs for infection control in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Oh Won-Oak , Jung Myung-Jin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

There is a lack of reference to infection control performance of Hemodialysis unit nurses. This study was to descript the priority of clinical needs in infection control for hemodialysis unit nurses. A web-based survey was conducted on 157 hemodialysis unit nurses after Delphi study. Data were collected using the developed infection control content tool. Borich Needs & the Locus for Focus model analysis was performed to screening the priority of clinical needs. The priority of clinical needs was selected six sub-domains in the infection control content. Most of the infection control content was difficult to perform compared to their perceived importance. It is expected that the priority of described clinical needs will be a milestone to improve infection control performance of hemodialysis unit nurses.
Old Magician, New Magic: Dirhodium Tetracarboxylates, Unprecedented Bifunctionality in Metallaphotocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Tianyuan , Yang Jiying , Li Yukai , Shu Jirong , Zhao Jingyu , Zhang Mengchu , Zhang Dan , Hu Wenhao , Shi taoda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Metallaphotocatalysis has been recognized as a pivotal catalysis for enabling new reactivities and for expanding chemical space. Traditional metallaphotocatalysis often requires two or more separate catalysts and exhibits flaw in cost and substrate-tolerance, thus representing an await-to-solve issue in catalysis. We herein realize metallaphotocatalysis with a bifunctional dirhodium tetracarboxylate ([Rh2]) alone.The [Rh2] shows an unprecedente photocatalytic activity via a rarely used metal-to-metal transition in photocatalysis. Based on the activity, the [Rh2] connects carbene chemistry and siglet oxygen chemistry to enable a novel photochemical cascde reaction (PCR). The PCR is characterized by high atom-efficiency, excellent stereoselectivities, mild conditions, scalable synthesis, and valuable products. DFT calculations-aided mechanistic study rationalizes the reaction pathway and interprets stereoselectivities of the PCR. The products showed inhibitory activity against PTP1B, being promising in the treatment of type II diabetes and cancers. We believe this work will shed light on discovering bifunctional catalysts for metallaphotocatalysis and on developing PCRs for exploring chemical space.
Sensorless control strategy for electrolytic capacitor-less IPMSM drive system
Authors: Zhou Qixun Zhou , chen Xingrui , sun Wenhao , Liu Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to solve the problems that the variables in the electrolytic capacitor-less drive system fluctuate greatly at twice the grid frequency, the observed rotor position signal is doped with harmonics, resulting in poor rotor position accuracy and large speed fluctuation. In order to improve the observation accuracy and dynamic performance of the traditional MRAS observer, a speed estimation strategy based on the improved super-twisting algorithm adaptive observer (STA-AO) is proposed for sensorless without electrolytic capacitor. This method introduces the super-twisting sliding mode algorithm into the traditional MRAS observer to replace the PI adaptive mechanism in the observer, which can improve the convergence speed of the error between the reference model output and the adjustable model output and the robustness of the observer. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional MRAS observer, the improved method improves the position observation accuracy of the observer and improves the dynamic performance and robustness of the speed estimation strategy. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed estimation method.
ChemFlow_py: A Flexible Toolkit for Docking and Rescoring
Authors: Monari Luca , Galentino Katia , Cecchini Marco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The design of accurate virtual screening tools is an open challenge in drug discovery. Several structure-based methods have been developed at different levels of approximation. Among them, molecular docking is an established technique with high efficiency, but typically low accuracy. Moreover, docking performances are known to be target-dependent, which makes the choice of docking program and corresponding scoring function critical when approaching a new protein target. To compare the performances of different docking protocols, we developed ChemFlow_py, an automated tool to perform docking and rescoring. Using four protein systems extracted from DUD-E with 100 known active compounds and 3000 decoys per target, we compared the performances of several rescoring strategies including consensus scoring. We found that the average docking results can be improved by consensus ranking, which emphasizes the relevance of consensus scoring when little or no chemical information is available for a given target. ChemFlow_py is a free toolkit to optimize the performances of virtual high-throughput screening. The software is publicly available at https://github.com/IFMlab/ChemFlow_py.
Catching the red eye: field evidence that artificial prey with red eye-like markings are preferentially avoided by avian predators
Authors: Loeffler-Henry Karl , Sherratt Thomas N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Calyptrate muscoids (Diptera: Schizophora) are globally distributed flies and among the most maneuverable of flying insects. A salient feature of many calyptrate species is their large red eyes. Given their abundance and evasiveness, it has been postulated that birds might learn to associate the red eye trait with difficulty of capture, and subsequently avoid this prey type. This hypothesis is strengthened by the observation that many arthropods, from spiders to weevils, appear to have evolved a resemblance to calyptrates, including their prominent red eyes. To test the hypothesis directly we pinned 1000 artificial beetles with grey and red eyes onto trees over three separate transects and inspected them 26 days later. As predicted, there was over twice the predation on grey-eyed beetles than red-eyed beetles. The implications of this result are discussed, including how one could quantify the ecological and phylogenetic association between a signaller’s red eyes and its evasiveness.
The effect of strain rate on unidirectional glass fiber composites in both bridging and non-bridging scenarios
Authors: Shaker Wafaa , Awad Taher , Elhadary Mostafa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Experimentally, the mode I delamination behaviour of unidirectional glass/epoxy composites at quasi-static strain rates of 1, 3, and 5 is explored. When comparing variation between fracture toughness GIC values at 1 mm/min and GIC at 3 mm/min, the average variation is 30% increasing. However, the average variance in GIC between 3 mm/min and 5 mm/min is 11% increasing. As a result, the crack propagation velocity has a noticeable effect on the value of GIC at lower speeds and a limited effect at higher speeds. The same comparison is made with bridging specimens for 1 and 3mm/min strain rate, the average variation is 37% reduction, which contradicts the non-bridging case. Fiber bridging causes the measured fracture toughness to be overestimated while concealing the strain rate effect, according to our findings. It is apparent that the bridging phenomena reflected the variation value in the bridging case. The specimens with a 5 mm/min strain rate, on the other hand, did not produce the expected bridging and instead operated as non-bridging specimens. The viscoelastic nature of composites can be associated these findings.
Adsorption characteristics of nitrogen on activated carbons for sorption compressors
Authors: Liu Biqiang , Cao Haishan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Vibration-free sorption compressors are thermally driven and can be used to supply a pressure wave to a cryocooler. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics data of nitrogen on activated carbon is the important input for sorption compressors for cryocoolers operating at liquid nitrogen temperature. However, there is little research on the adsorption capacity and kinetics of nitrogen on activated carbon for sorption compressor, which requires the adsorption measurement at extreme conditions, such as high temperatures and high pressures. This study presents the adsorption isotherm and kinetics of two types of activated carbon, Norit RB4 and Chemviron AP4-60, at temperature from 223.15 K to 723.15 K and pressure up to 10 MPa using a volumetric adsorption analyzer. Based on the measured data, three adsorption isotherm models, including dual-site Langmuir, Sips and Toth isotherm model, are utilized to fit the total adsorption amount. The results reveals that the dual-site Langmuir isotherm model is the best proper model for fitting the total adsorption amount. The isosteric heat of adsorption is calculated and the kinetics data is fitted using Crank model. Through global fitting, the effective mass transfer coefficients of RB4 and AP4-60 are given as 0.0297-1 and 0.0303-1, respectively. These results will be helpful for high efficiency sorption compressor development.
Systemic diagrams to Overcome Setbacks in African Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Banson Kwamina Ewur , Nguyen Nam , Kusi Khalid Alhalsan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Governance inevitably impacts world economy with high socio-economic costs. In the early days after Africans independence there were regional development plans which helped Africa to record high economic growth of 6–7%. However, Africa has never been left to rest after independence, it has been subjugated by the so call advocators which are in control of it resources which in turn influence its socio-economic development. Any time problems of Africans are diagnosed and antidote is administered, a new wound appears. Therefore this paper adopts systemic approach to intervention to identify the setbacks in African socio-economic development. The combination of historic data obtained from some African countries, interviews in Ghana and the literature review regarding the use of the four levels of thinking model provided an overview of the current structures that affect African developing system riddled with feedback loops. Results indicated that aid in reality is not coming to Africa but from Africa to the western world. Developed rich countries donations of 0.7% of their gross national income to support African socio-economic development has not yielded it intended benefits yet since the 70s. Africans are globalized in the contest of opening their markets, under an unjust trade rules leading to the collapse of domestic industries which in turn keeps Africans dependent on imports. This leads to monies being repatriated out of African economies leaving it poorer. African countries have the highest tax rates in the world in order to generate money to pay their loans making it impossible to build roads, factories, hospitals etc in this countries. The world is bothered by Africa when they want to take resources out of Africa. The time is now to wake up and to begin to find African solutions to African problems. Systems thinking to intervention can Africa realized all unintended consequences of her decisions and help it find new ways to improve efficiency and resource economy.
Detection and characterization of incidental vibrations from Drosophila suzukii in infested fruits
Authors: Fellin Lorenzo , Bertagnolli Giulia , Mazzoni Valerio , Anfora Gianfranco , Agostinelli Claudio , Stacconi Marco Valerio Rossi , Nieri Rachele 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii(Matsumura), is an invasive species native to East Asia and now widespread worldwide. Major economic damage is caused by the larvae developing within ripening soft-skin fruit. Currently, larval detection in fruit is limited to destructive methods and post-harvest control strategies heavily rely on the use of chemicals or cold to inhibit egg eclosion and larval growth. Feeding larvae are likely to induce substrate-borne vibrations in the berry that could be exploited as cues by predators or to develop a non-invasive pest detection method, an approach previously applied on leaves and wooden structures, but never on fresh fruit. We used a laser vibrometer to detect and characterize the incidental vibrations produced by D.suzukii larvae within fresh blueberries at five different pest age (48, 96, 168, 216 and 264 hours). An innovative statistical analysis was performed to assess if infestation level (number of pupae) and pest age (hours after exposure) affect the spectrum and the amplitude of vibrations. The recordings of infested berries were characterized by the presence of a series of broad-band pulses (frequency range 0.1 - 2 kHz) without a regular temporal pattern, in an amplitude range between 12.1 and 946 µm/s. Furthermore, the analysis revealed the possibility to distinguish between different pest ages and infestation levels. By a spectral analysis of the recordings, the pest ages can be distinguished among each other, but for the age groups at 168 and 216 hours after infestation. The vibration amplitude trend gradually increased up to 168-216 hours after infestation, and then decreased until fly emergence. Low-infested blueberries showed a faster D. suzukii development time compared to high-infested blueberries. This was reflected into vibrational recordings, as low-infested blueberries exhibited peak amplitude at earlier stage compared to high-infested ones. Results suggest that D. suzukii larvae induce detectable vibrations by feeding within berries that are dependent on infestation level and pest age. We discuss the possible ecological role of such vibrations as cues for unintended receivers, such as predators and parasitoids, and their potential for innovative infestation detection methods.
Relationship Between Socio-Economic Background, USMLE Step Scores, and Demographics of International Medical Graduates and Residency Match Results
Authors: Hunter Daria D. , Campbell Ronna L. , Mullan Aidan F. , Anderson Joel R. , Homme James L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Twenty five percent of practicing physicians in the US are International Medical Graduates (IMGs) – physicians who completed their medical school training outside of the United States and Canada. There are multiple studies demonstrating higher socio-economic background is associated with medical school matriculation in the US. However, despite a substantial prevalence of IMGs in the American healthcare system, studies of the association between demographics, socio-economic background, and securing a residency position in the match are lacking.
Methods
We created a survey with questions on residency match-related data and information on personal socio-economic background. An invitation to participate in the study was sent to all IMGs that applied to the included residency programs after the conclusion of the 2022 residency match. We used multivariable logistic regression to compare survey responses to the odds of securing a residency match.
Results
The total number of survey respondents was 744 (response rate 15.1%). We found that younger age, higher United States Medical License Examination (USMLE) scores, higher-income country of origin (including the United States), fewer match attempts, applying to fewer specialties, having parents with college degree or higher, and coming from higher-than-average or lower-than-average family income were associated with increased odds of matching. Gender, personal income, and visa status did not demonstrate significant associations with residency match.
Conclusions
Residency match is a significant expense for IMGs, especially for those from lower-income countries. International applicants from higher socio-economic backgrounds might have advantages in securing medical residency positions in the United States when controlling for other variables.
Use of WeChat-based patient-doctor interaction improves patient experience, but not outcomes, of Helicobacter pylori treatment: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lin Boshen , Zhang Wenlin , Zhang Jinghui , Lin Minjuan , Liu Jing , Han Zhongxue , Ding Yuming , Kong Qingzhou , Duan Miao , Li Yueyue , Zuo Xiuli , Li Yanqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAim To investigate whether a WeChat-based patient-doctor interaction (WPDI) could improve treatment outcomes and patient experience ofHelicobacter pylorieradication therapy. Methods Treatment-naive patients were randomly allocated to either the WPDI group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio. The WPDI group received routine education consisting of oral education and written materials, then joined a WeChat group chat and participated in the interaction with physicians. On the other hand, the control group received only routine education. Subsequently, all participants received vonoprazan-containing quadruple therapy. To evaluate the eradication rate, the urea breath test was examined six weeks after the treatment. Additionally, patient experience, compliance, and adverse events were further evaluated. Results In total, 438 patients were enrolled for randomization. The WPDI group achieved eradication rates of 90.4% (198/219), 93.4% (198/212), and 94.2% (194/206), as evaluated by intention-to-treat, modified intention-to-treat, and per-protocol analysis, respectively. The eradication rates were comparable to those in the control group (89.5% [196/219], 93.3% [196/210], and 94.6% [192/203]. More patients voted that the treatment was satisfactory or very satisfactory in the WPDI group (90.3% vs. 74.9%;P < 0.001), whereas more participants tended to feel worried (16.0% vs. 26.1%;P = 0.012) and perturbed (11.7% vs. 22.7%;P = 0.003) during the treatment period in the control group. The two groups exhibited similar levels of compliance and adverse events. Conclusions The WeChat-based patient-doctor interaction improved patient experience significantly; however, the treatment outcomes ofHelicobacter pylorieradication therapy were not promoted significantly.
Metabolomic analysis of human papillary thyroid carcinoma using UPLC-Q- TOFMS
Authors: Man Guodong , ma ruixia , Wang Jianli , Wang Juan , Liu Qinjiang , Wang Jun , Zhou Jianye 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common type of thyroid cancer worldwide, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to develop a non-targeted, metabolism-based tissue metabolomic analysis method and comprehensively identify the papillary thyroid carcinoma metabolic network in clinical samples based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOFMS). UPLC-Q-TOFMS was used to analyze metabolic changes in matched papillary thyroid carcinoma and paracancerous thyroid tissues obtained from patients. Principal component analysis, partial least square discriminant analysis, and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis models were used to separate paracancerous human thyroid and papillary thyroid carcinoma samples. In papillary thyroid carcinoma samples, the levels of L-α-amino acids, leucine, β-amino acids, valine, alanine, methionine, and their derivatives, as well as those of polypeptides, were significantly lower than those in paracancerous tissue. In contrast, the levels of dibucaine, propyzamide, tyrosine, pidotimod, deoxysappanone B 7,4′-dimethyl ether, hippurate, and emodic acid were significantly increased. In addition, metabolites with significant differences in expression were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) metabolic pathway. According to the results of our metabolomic and bioinformatics analyses, various metabolites may regulate the synthesis and expression of proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma by regulating amino acid metabolism and mTOR-related pathways, which may be related to papillary thyroid carcinoma pathogenesis. This study provides novel insights into the metabolic abnormalities of papillary thyroid carcinoma and presents a potential method for its treatment.
Theoretical framework for incorporating routine maintenance long-term performance into pavement management using Markov chains
Authors: Abaza Khaled A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
this paper proposes three different models for investigating the long-term performance of routine maintenance works using the discrete-time Markov model. The three models are called (M1, M2 & M3) models representing specific forms of the transition probability matrix. The (M1) model only incorporates the routine maintenance variables (Mi,i−1) under the assumption of only one-state upgrade. The (M2 & M3) models incorporate both routine maintenance variables (Mi,i−1), and major rehabilitation variables (Qi,1) under the assumption of upgrade to condition state (1). Two different modelling methods are proposed for pavement long-term performance investigation in the presence of maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) variables. The first one is the project-level approach as applied to small pavement networks which assumes that all M&R works can be performed in a short-time period. The second one is the network-level approach which requires the M&R works to be spanned over the entire year as applied to large pavement networks. A model cost-effectiveness index is proposed to evaluate the long-term performance of potential M&R schedules under unconstrained annual budget, while M&R variable cost-effectiveness indices are proposed as useful parameters for yielding optimal M&R schedules under constrained annual budget. The sample results indicated the unrealistic performance of the (M1) model, and the usefulness of the (M2 & M3) models in yielding reliable long-term M&R schedules. The unconstrained approach indicated the optimal M&R schedule is the one associated with highest M&R variable values, and the constrained approach revealed that the optimal solutions are dominated by M&R variables with lowest cost-effectiveness indices.