bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defect Engineered Microcrystalline Cellulose for Enhanced Cocatalyst‐Free Piezo‐Catalytic H2 Production
Authors: Zhang Kailai , Sun Xiaodong , Hu Haijun , Yan Ge , Qin Anqi , Ma Yali , Huang Hongwei , Ma Tianyi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMechanical energy driven piezocatalytic hydrogen (H2) production is a promising way to solve the energy crisis . But limited by the slow separation and transfer efficiency of piezoelectric charges generated on the surface of piezocatalysts , the piezocatalytic performance is still not satisfactory. Here, defect engineering is first used to optimize the piezocatalytic performance of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The piezocatalytic H2 production rate of MCC with the optimal defect concentration can reach up to 84.47 µmol g−1 h−1 under ultrasonic vibration without any co‐catalyst, which is ≈3.74 times higher than that of the pure MCC (22.65 µmol g−1 h−1). The enhanced H2 production rate by piezoelectric catalysis is mainly due to the introduction of defect engineering on MCC, which disorders the symmetry of MCC crystal structure, improves the electrical conductivity of the material, and accelerates the separation and transfer efficiency of piezoelectric charges. Moreover, the piezocatalytic H2 production rate of MCC with the optimal defect concentration can still reach up to 93.61 µmol g−1 h−1 in natural seawater, showingits commendable practicability. This study presents a novel view for designing marvelous‐performance biomass piezocatalysts through defect engineering, which can efficiently convert mechanical energy into chemical energy .
A Polyzwitterion‐Mediated Polymer Electrolyte with High Oxidative Stability for Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Shi , Li Qiange , Gao Haiqi , Cai Henan , Liu Chao , Cheng Tao , Liu Chongyang , Li Yonghua , Lai Wen‐Yong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo achieve high‐performance solid‐state lithium‐metal batteries (SSLMBs), solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, high oxidative stability, and high mechanical strength are necessary. However, balancing these characteristics remains dramatically challenging and is still not well addressed. Herein, a simple yet effective design strategy is presented for the development of high‐performance polymer electrolytes (PEs) by exploring the synergistic effect between dynamic H‐bonded networks and conductive zwitterionic nanochannels. Multiple weak intermolecular interactions along with ample nanochannels lead to high oxidative stability (over 5 V), improved mechanical properties (strain of 1320%), and fast ion transport (ionic conductivity of 10−4 S cm−1) of PEs. The amphoteric ionic functional units also effectively regulate the lithium ion distribution and confine the anion transport to achieve uniform lithium ion deposition. As a result, the assembled SSLMBs exhibit excellent capacity retention and long‐term cycle stability (average Coulombic efficiency: 99.5%, >1000 cycles with LiFePO4 cathode; initial capacity: 202 mAh g−1, average Coulombic efficiency: 96%, >230 cycles with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode). It is exciting to note that the corresponding flexible cells can be cycled stably and can withstand severe deformation. The resulting polyzwitterion‐mediated PE therefore offers great promise for the next‐generation safe and high‐energy‐density flexible energy storage devices.
Lotus Leaf Derived NiS/Carbon Nanofibers/Porous Carbon Heterogeneous Structures for Strong and Broadband Microwave Absorption
Authors: Jiang Haotian , Wang Chengjuan , Cui Bowen , Xu Xiaodan , Li Mengfan , Xu Zhenhao , Tan Hongxue , Wang Chengguo , Wang Yanxiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping composite materials with the synergistic effects of heterogeneous structures and multiple components is considered as a promising strategy to achieve high‐performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers. To further satisfy the demand of broadband and strong microwave absorption, a novel NiS/carbon nanofibers (CNFs)/porous carbon composite is successfully synthesized by hydrothermal and chemical vapor deposition using lotus leaves as a biomass carbon source. A few carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and uniformly dispersed Ni nanocrystals have also been found in the hybrid. Benefiting from the porous structure derived from lotus leaves, the combination of dielectric NiS, conductive carbon nanomaterials, and magnetic Ni nanoparticles, together with the three‐dimensional conductive network of CNFs and CNTs, the remarkable EMW absorption properties with a minimum reflection loss up to −67.65 dB have been achieved at merely 2.32 mm. Besides, the widest effective absorption band can reach 5.9 GHz with a thin thickness of 2.07 mm, covering almost the entire Ku band. In addition, under the incident angle of 31°, the radar cross‐section reduction value of LNSF‐600 can reach 42.88 dBm2. Therefore, this work provides an efficient and facile method for manufacturing outstanding biomass‐derived EMW absorbers.
Calix[4]arene‐Derived 2D Covalent Organic Framework with an Electron Donor–Acceptor Structure: A Visible‐Light–Driven Photocatalyst
Authors: Xu Jialin , Liu Wei , Jiang Lisha , Jing Xiaofei , Liu Lei‐Lei , Li Zhongyue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe calixarenes are ideal building blocks for constructing photocatalytic covalent organic frameworks (COFs), owing to their electron‐rich and bowl‐shaped π cavities that endow them with electron‐donating and adsorption properties. However, the synthesis and structural confirmation of COFs based on calixarenes are still challenging due to their structural flexibility and conformational diversity. In this study, a calix[4]arene‐derived 2D COF is synthesized using 5,11,17,23‐tetrakis(p‐formyl)‐25,26,27,28‐tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (CHO‐C4A) as the electron donor and 4,7‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole (BTD) as the acceptor. The powder X‐ray diffraction data and theoretical simulation of crystal structure indicate that COF‐C4A‐BTD exhibits high crystallinity and features a non‐interpenetrating undulating 2D layered structure with AA‐stacking. The density functional theory theoretical calculation, transient‐state photocurrent tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirm the intramolecular charge transfer behavior of COF‐C4A‐BTD with a donor–acceptor structure, leading to its superior visible‐light–driven photocatalytic activity. COF‐C4A‐BTD exhibits a narrow band gap of 1.99 eV and a conduction band energy of −0.37 V versus normal hydrogen electrode. The appropriate energy band structure can facilitate the participation of ·O2− and h+. COF‐C4A‐BTD demonstrates high efficacy in removing organic pollutants, such as bisphenol A, rhodamine B, and methylene blue, with removal rates of 66%, 85%, and 99% respectively.
Intermittent Exothermic and Self‐Healing Hydrated Salt Gels for Advanced Thermal Management of Underfloor Radiant Heating System
Authors: Liu Yifan , Zhou Jiazuo , Li Yudong , Wang Ziyao , Sun Xiaohan , Yang Haiyue , Wang Chengyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) have great prospects in thermal management applications because they can store and release latent heat. However, they are not suitable for on‐demand heating as they can only release heat once. Herein, this work reports the intermittent exothermic of PCMs based on a supersaturated salt solution, exhibiting fully controlled long‐term storage of energy, releasing and suspending heat on demand. Due to the high energy barrier, it is difficult for the supersaturated salt solution to nucleate; thus, it can store energy for a long time. Contact with seeds or other foreign objects can destroy the metastable state of the supersaturated salt solution and promote the formation of crystal nuclei, enabling crystallization and heat release on demand. The release of crystallization heat can be interrupted using scissors dip in water. Additionally, self‐healing behavior allows it to be recycled and last longer, due to the presence of Fe3+, inducing strong dynamic reversible non‐covalent crosslinking through metal coordination bonds. Furthermore, the hydrated salts gels are applied for thermal management of underfloor radiant heating system, demonstrating four types of intermittent exotherms sequences amazingly. Further, the intermittent exothermic hydrated salts gels provide a more user‐friendly thermal management of underfloor radiant heating systems.
Tailoring Eco‐Friendly Colloidal Quantum Dots for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Li Zhuojian , Channa Ali Imran , Wang Zhiming M. , Tong Xin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell is able to realize effective solar‐to‐hydrogen energy conversion from water by using the semiconductor photoelectrode. Semiconducting colloidal quantum dots (QDs) with captivating features of size‐tunable optoelectronic properties and broad light absorption are regarded as promising photosensitizers in solar‐driven PEC systems. Up to now, different types of QDs have been developed to achieve high‐efficiency PEC H2 generation, while the majority of state‐of‐the‐art QDs‐PEC systems are still fabricated from QDs consisting of heavy metals (e.g., Cd and Pb), which are extremely harmful to the human health and natural environment. In this context, substantial efforts have been made to mitigate the usage of highly toxic heavy metals and concurrently promote the development of alternative environment‐friendly QDs with comparable features. This review presents recent advances of solar‐driven PEC devices based on several typical environment‐friendly QDs (e.g., carbon QDs, I‐III‐VI QDs and III‐V QDs). A variety of techniques (e.g., shell thickness tuning, alloying/doping, and ligands exchange, etc.) to engineer these QD's optoelectronic properties and achieve high‐efficiency PEC H2 production are thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, the critical challenges and future perspectives of advanced eco‐friendly QDs‐PEC systems in terms of QDs’ synthesis, photo‐induced charge kinetics, and operation stability/efficiency are briefly proposed.
The Next Generation COVID‐19 Antiviral; Niclosamide‐Based Inorganic Nanohybrid System Kills SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Choi Goeun , Rejinold N. Sanoj , Piao Huiyan , Ryu Young Bae , Kwon Hyung‐Jun , Lee In Chul , Seo Jeong In , Yoo Hye Hyun , Jin Geun‐woo , Choy Jin‐Ho 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is a serious global threat with surging new variants of concern. Although global vaccinations have slowed the pandemic, their longevity is still unknown. Therefore, new orally administrable antiviral agents are highly demanded. Among various repurposed drugs, niclosamide (NIC) is the most potential one for various viral diseases such as COVID‐19, SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), MERS (middle east respiratory syndrome), influenza, RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), etc. Since NIC cannot be effectively absorbed, a required plasma concentration for antiviral potency is hard to maintain, thereby restricting its entry into the infected cells. Such a 60‐year‐old bioavailability challenging issue has been overcome by engineering with MgO and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), forming hydrophilic NIC–MgO–HPMC, with improved intestinal permeability without altering NIC metabolism as confirmed by parallel artificial membrane permeability assay. The inhibitory effect on SARS‐CoV‐2 replication is confirmed in the Syrian hamster model to reduce lung injury. Clinical studies reveal that the bioavailability of NIC hybrid drug can go 4 times higher than the intact NIC. The phase II clinical trial shows a dose‐dependent bioavailability of NIC from hybrid drug suggesting its potential applicability as a game changer in achieving the much‐anticipated endemic phase.
Python shared atomic data types
Authors: Ren Xiquan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough atomicity plays a key role in data operations of shared variables in parallel computation, researchers haven't treated atomicity in Python in much detail. This study provides a novel approach to integrate the CPU‐based atomic C APIs into Python shared variables by C Foreign Function Interface for Python (CFFI) on all major platforms and utilises Cython to optimise calculation in CPython. Evidence shows that the resulting product, Shared Atomic Enterprise (SAE), could accelerate data operations on shared data types to a large extent. These findings provide a solid evidence base for the massive utilisation of Python atomic operations in parallel computation and concurrent programming.
Chayote Root Starch Modified with Acyl and Acetyl Groups: Synthesis, Characterization, and Preparation of Edible Films
Authors: Morales‐Santiago Consuelo Iveeth , García‐Barradas Oscar , Mendoza‐López María Remedios , Jiménez‐Fernández Maribel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChemical modification of starch from the chayote root (Sechium edule Jacq) is carried out with lauric acid and acetic anhydride. The modified starch is characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and used to formulate edible films. The developed edible films are characterized based on their physicochemical and mechanical properties. The physicochemical and functional properties of starch are affected by the incorporation of the acyl and acetyl group. Both starches exhibit a significant decrease in solubility. Starch modified by the incorporation of the acyl group (lauroyl) has higher thermal stability than starch modified by the incorporation of the acetyl group. The first shows an increase in emulsifying and foaming capacity, as well as water‐ and oil‐retention capacity, while the second exhibits adequate edible film‐forming properties. The edible films develop with modified starch with acetyl group has a homogeneous surface and exhibit a higher percentage of elongation at break when they are stored at a water activity of 0.561. In accordance with the above, it is concluded that the chayote root starch modified has physicochemical and functional properties that indicate their potential utility in the food industry.
Effects of Wheat Flour Substitution with High‐Amylose Corn Flour on the Quality of Dough and Chinese Steamed Bread
Authors: Gu Yuchen , Cheng Li , Li Caiming , Li Zhaofeng , Gu Zhengbiao , Hong Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to increase the nutritional value of Chinese steamed bread (CSB), high‐amylose corn flour (HACF) is used to partially replace wheat flour (WF) in the preparation of CSB. In CSB prepared with 0–50% HACF, the study examines the thermomechanical characteristics of the dough, starch–gluten network, quality, and in vitro digestibility. According to Mixolab data, the addition of HACF reduces dough stability and increases the thermal stability of pasting. In doughs with HACF concentrations >30%, scanning electron microscopy observations reveal that the starch–gluten connections are weaker and the network structure is discontinuous. The addition of HACF reduces the specific volume and increases the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of the CSB. Compared with the WF‐CSB, the content of resistant starch increases from 12.01% to 28.49% in the HACF‐CSB, whereas there is a reduction in the glycemic index from 94.39 to 57.55. In summary, the addition of 30% HACF can increase the resistance of CSB and enhance its nutritional value without unduly reducing the desirable organoleptic qualities.
Developing a benchmark study for bridge monitoring
Authors: Jaelani Yogi , Klemm Alina , Wimmer Johannes , Seitz Fabian , Köhncke Martin , Marsili Francesca , Mendler Alexander , von Danwitz Max , Henke Sascha , Gündel Max , Braml Thomas , Spannaus Max , Popp Alexander , Keßler Sylvia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStructural health monitoring is the process of implementing a continuous damage detection strategy to optimize the inspection and maintenance schedules of bridges, and extend their lifespans. One of the main challenges of automated damage detection is the lack of data on damaged states, which makes it difficult to validate new approaches in the research and development stage. To alleviate this problem, a monitoring campaign on a two‐span test bridge with defined defects is conducted and documented in this article. The bridge is a steel‐concrete composite structure with a length of 30 m, with two primary steel girders and a segmented concrete deck. The recorded data capture the long‐term ambient data from 18 test days and changing environmental conditions, as well as the short‐term ambient data and dynamic load tests from four damage scenarios with well‐defined damage extents. A mobile measurement system with numerous sensors is used for data acquisition. A shaker is placed on the bridge to excite white noise. The main goal of this article is to document the experimental procedure and perform preliminary plausibility checks on the measured data. First results demonstrate that system response data and environmental conditions are recorded reliably and that environmental effects significantly affect the long‐term measurements. Therefore, a suitable data set is provided as open‐source data for future studies on data normalization and automated damage detection.
Effect of gamma irradiation on the waste polyethylene/bagasse composites reinforced with flax and sisal fibers for use in wood applications
Authors: Raslan Heba A. , Elnaggar Mona Y. , Fathy E. S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to their many benefits, including their environmentally benign nature, low cost, biodegradability, and generally good mechanical behavior, natural fibers represent one of the most attractive reinforcing materials. This paper describes the fabrication of green composites based on waste polyethylene (WPE)/bagasse reinforced with flax and sisal fibers. The composites were prepared using the hot‐mixing method in an internal mixer and molded in a hot press with a suitable thickness. This thickness is about 6 mm to ready for measurements belonging to the wood as impact strength, flexural strength, hardness, water absorption, density, and porosity measurements. The prepared specimens will be subjected to gamma irradiation to evaluate the effect of ionizing radiation on the fabricated samples. Furthermore, the thermal behaviors of the fabricated specimens were examined using TGA and DSC techniques. As a result of their superior mechanical performance, sisal, and flax fibers reinforced WPE/bagasse were able to create composites that were suitable for use in wood applications. The mechanical results revealed that composites with flax fiber are superior to composites with sisal fiber. With 30 phr fiber loading, WPE/bagasse thermal stability improved, with composites made of sisal being the best. With increasing fiber loading, the porosity of the composite rises due to the increase in density. Porosity decreases in composites with irradiation due to crosslinking and enhancement of the compatibility between fiber and matrix. Flax composites that have been irradiated exhibit significantly higher thermal stability than those that have not.Highlights
Different advantages of natural fibers as their low cost, biodegradability, and generally good mechanical behavior are considered one of the most attractive reinforcing materials.
Sisal and flax fibers reinforced WPE/bagasse were able to create composites that were suitable for use in wood applications.
Green composites were prepared by the hot‐mixing method in an internal mixer and molded in a hot press with a suitable thickness of about 6 mm to ready for measurements belonging to the wood.
Various studied properties were improved via ionizing irradiation due to crosslinking induced in the polymer matrix.
Beyond engagement: Enhancing equity in collaborative water governance
Authors: Koebele Elizabeth A. , Méndez‐Barrientos Linda E. , Nadeau Nikki , Gerlak Andrea K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCollaborative governance has emerged as a promising approach for addressing complex water sustainability issues, with purported benefits from enhanced democracy to improved environmental outcomes. Collaborative processes are often assumed to be inherently more equitable than traditional governance approaches due to their goal of engaging diverse actors in the development of policy and management solutions. However, when collaborative water governance processes ignore issues of politics and power in their design, they risk creating or even exacerbating existing inequities. How, then, can collaborative water governance processes be designed to enhance, rather than undermine, equity? To answer this question, we first conduct an extensive review of the collaborative governance literature to identify common design features of collaborative processes, which each present potential benefits and challenges for actualizing equitable collaborative water governance. After critically discussing these design features, we explore how they are executed through two case studies of collaborative water governance in western North America: groundwater governance reform in California and transnational Colorado River Delta governance. In reflecting on these cases, we chart an agenda for future collaborative water governance research and practice that moves beyond engaging diverse actors to promoting equity among them.This article is categorized under:
Human Water > Water Governance
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Engineering Water > Planning Water
NIR light‐facilitated bone tissue engineering
Authors: Feng Qian , Zhou Xiaojun , He Chuanglong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the last decades, near‐infrared (NIR) light has attracted considerable attention due to its unique properties and numerous potential applications in bioimaging and disease treatment. Bone tissue engineering for bone regeneration with the help of biomaterials is currently an effective means of treating bone defects. As a controlled light source with deeper tissue penetration, NIR light can provide real‐time feedback of key information on bone regeneration in vivo utilizing fluorescence imaging and be used for bone disease treatment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of NIR light‐facilitated bone tissue engineering, from the introduction of NIR probes as well as NIR light‐responsive materials, and the visualization of bone regeneration to the treatment of bone‐related diseases. Furthermore, the existing challenges and future development directions of NIR light‐based bone tissue engineering are also discussed.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement
Insights in piRNA targeting rules
Authors: van Wolfswinkel Josien C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) play an important role in the defense against transposons in the germline and stem cells of animals. To what extent other transcripts are also regulated by piRNAs is an ongoing topic of debate. The amount of sequence complementarity between piRNA and target that is required for effective downregulation of the targeted transcript is guiding in this discussion. Over the years, various methods have been applied to infer targeting requirements from the collections of piRNAs and potential target transcripts, and recent structural studies of the PIWI proteins have provided an additional perspective. In this review, I summarize the findings from these studies and propose a set of requirements that can be used to predict targets to the best of our current abilities.This article is categorized under:
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
RNA‐Based Catalysis > RNA‐Mediated Cleavage