bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of postoperative surgical sequelae after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars
Authors: Thorat Sagar D. , Nilesh Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
The study is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the control of pain, swelling, and trismus after the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted on thirty patients requiring surgical removal of the impacted mandibular third molar. Mesioangular impacted third molar with class I level B position (according to the Pell and Gregory classification) were included in the study. The study group (n = 15) received LLLT using diode laser of wavelength 980 nm and the control group (n = 15) received routine postoperative care without LLLT. The parameters evaluated were intensity of pain, maximum mouth opening, postoperative swelling, healing at the surgical site, and presence of dry socket.

Results:
The mean score of pain, swelling, and trismus in the study group were statistically lower as compared to the control groups. Healing assessment using Laury and Turnbull healing index inferred that the healing at the seventh postoperative day was superior in the study group as compared to the control group.

Conclusions:
LLLT with a diode laser of wavelength 980 nm can effectively reduce pain, swelling, and trismus in the postoperative phase after surgical extraction of the mandibular impacted third molar and promote healing at the operative site.
An objective assessment of microneedling therapy in atrophic facial acne scars
Authors: Waghmare Komal Babu , Sequeira Joyce , Rao B. H. Sripathi 
Published: April 2023

Context:
Microneedling therapy is one of the recent advances in treating acne facial scars.

Aim:
To evaluate the efficacy of microneedling therapy in the treatment of atrophic acne facial scars.

Settings and Design:
A total number of 10 patients between the age group of 20 and 40 years (8 women and 2 men) who complained of acne scars from November 2012 to August 2014 were selected for the study.

Subjects and Methods:
Microneedling therapy was performed following the application of the Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics in an interval of 2 months. All patients underwent three sessions. A follow-up of 2 months after the last sitting was carried out.

Statistical Analysis:
Cochran's Q-paired test, Kendall's W-test, and Pearson's correlation were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
Patients in our study had three forms of acne scars: box-scar, icepick form, and rolling scars. Patients were told to rate the outcome of the treatment at the end of the follow-up. Three observers randomly selected were shown the pre- and postoperative photographs of the patients to rate the treatment outcome. Statistically there was no interobserver bias. Ninety percent reduction in number of scars and depth of scars was noted at the end of three sittings. The improvement in pigmentation was insignificant. Seventy percent improvement in the skin texture was noted. Nine patients suffered from transient postinflammatory erythema and six patients had postoperative swelling.

Conclusion:
Microneedling therapy is a safe and effective method of treating acne scars.
Correspondence theorems for Hopf algebroids with applications to affine groupoids
Authors: El Kaoutit Laiachi , Ghobadi Aryan , Saracco Paolo , Vercruysse Joost 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe provide a correspondence between one-sided coideal subrings and one-sided ideal two-sided coideals in an arbitrary bialgebroid. We prove that, under some expected additional conditions, this correspondence becomes bijective for Hopf algebroids. As an application, we investigate normal Hopf ideals in commutative Hopf algebroids (affine groupoid schemes) in connection with the study of normal affine subgroupoids.
Clinical Spectrum and Microbial Etiology of Bone and Joint Infections in Children: A Retrospective Analysis from South India
Authors: Jaybhaye Amol , LG Shyamsunder , Dash Nabaneeta , Verghese Valsan , Chacko Anila , Madhuri Vrisha , Palocaren Thomas , Gahukamble Abhay , James Deeptiman , Prakash John , Rose Winsley 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT.
Acute infections of bone and joints are medical emergencies. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for limb salvage and prevention of deformities. Data from developing countries are essential to develop region-specific treatment guidelines including choice of empiric antibiotics. We reviewed electronic medical records of children (≤ 12 years old) admitted to the pediatrics or orthopedics department of a tertiary care hospital in South India from 2013 to 2017 with a diagnosis of septic arthritis and/or osteomyelitis. Clinical, microbiological, and follow-up data were collected and analyzed. The median (interquartile range, IQR) age of the children (N = 207) was 48 (7.5–105) months. Acute infections were more common in infants, whereas chronic cases were common in children > 5 years of age. Staphylococcus aureus (71%) was the most common organism identified. Gram-negative organisms were more frequently isolated in infants compared with older children. Blood and/or wound culture positivity was 78% (N = 161) overall and 78% (N = 31) in chronic cases. The median (IQR) duration of antibiotics was 7 (5–8) weeks. Sequelae and readmissions occurred in 47% (N = 81) of the 172 patients followed for a year. Culture positivity rates especially of wound were high even after receiving antibiotics.
Verbal and Social Autopsy of Adult Deaths and Adult Care-Seeking Pattern in Mozambique, 2019–2020
Authors: Rahman Md Hafizur , Macicame Ivalda , Wilson Emily , Nhachungue Sheila , Amouzou Agbessi 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT.
In sub-Saharan Africa, recent data about causes of adult death and care-seeking during illnesses are limited. This analysis examines adult deaths using verbal and social autopsy data from a nationally and provincially representative sample registration system in Mozambique. Causes of death among those 18 years and older were assigned using the InSilicoVA algorithm, and underlying social causes were examined using the pathway to survival model. Care-seeking was analyzed in different groups to determine if care was sought from formal providers (doctor, nurse/midwife, and trained community health worker) or other providers (traditional provider, family member, and pharmacist), using χ2 tests and multinomial regression models. Among the 4,040 adult deaths reported during 2019–2020, the major causes were HIV (17%), cancer (13%), injury (10%), cardiovascular diseases (9%), pneumonia (7%), tuberculosis (5%), and maternal causes (3%). Formal care-seeking was more likely among adults who had primary or higher level education (relative risk ratio [RRR]: 1.6, P < 0.001; RRR: 1.7, P < 0.01), were married (RRR: 1.3, P < 0.01), and had highest household wealth (RRR: 3.1, P < 0.001). Formal care-seeking was less likely among adults who were male (RRR: 0.7, P < 0.001), had social capital (RRR: 0.7, P < 0.05), or resided in the southern region (RRR: 0.4, P < 0.001). Information about adult causes of death is useful for formulating policy and for developing, monitoring, and evaluating programs to improve adult health in Mozambique. Care-seeking–related information helps identify barriers for seeking care from formal health providers while emphasizing the need for generating local resources and strengthening outreach health systems service delivery.
Al2O3 ve SiC Takviyeli AA2024 Esaslı Kompozitlerin Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇALIGÜLÜ Uğur , ÇANAKÇI Aykut , TÜRKMEN Mustafa , DARCAN Nida , KAÇMIŞ Muhammet Vahittin 
Published: April 2023

Al2O3 ve SiC Takviyeli AA2024 Esaslı Nanokompozitlerin Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Uğur Çalıgülü1, Aykut Çanakçı2, Mustafa Türkmen3, Nida Darcan1, Vahittin Kaçmış1

1Fırat Üniversitesi, Teknoloji Fakültesi, Metalürji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Bölümü, Elazığ
2Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Bölümü, Trabzon
3Gebze Teknik Üniversitesi, Ulaşım Teknolojileri Enstitüsü, Gebze/Kocaeli

Özet

Bu çalışmada; üstün mekanik ve fiziksel özelliklere sahip olduğundan dolayı mühendislik, otomotiv ve savunma sanayisi gibi önemli alanlarda vazgeçilmez bir yere sahip nanokompozit malzemeler toz metalürjisi yöntemiyle üretilmiştir. Günümüzde sıklıkla kullanılan karbür parçacıkları dikkate alındığında, yüksek aşınma direncine ve yüksek ısı dayanımına sahip olmasından dolayı Silisyum Karbür (SiC) tercih edilmiştir. Diğer bir takviye malzemesi olarak ise, alüminyum alaşımı (AA2024) ile uygun ara yüzey bağlanma yeteneğine sahip olmasından dolayı Alüminyum Oksit (Al2O3) tercih edilmiştir. Numuneler farklı oranlarda AA2024/Al2O3 ve AA2024/SiC toz karışımları hazırlanarak 560 ºC sıcaklıkta, 120 dakika süreyle ve 500 MPa basınç altında sıcak presleme yöntemi ile üretilmiştir. Toz metalurjisi yöntemiyle elde edilen 63 μm partikül boyuta sahip AA2024 matrisli Al2O3 ve SiC takviyeli nanokompozitlerin mikroyapılarını ve mekanik özelliklerini incelemek amacıyla; SEM, EDS ve XRD görüntüleri ile mikrosertlik, yoğunluk, çekme, korozyon ve balistik testleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan test sonuçlarına göre; AA2024/Al2O3 ve AA2024/SiC nanokompozit malzemelerin en iyi çekme testi sonucu % 2 takviyeli nanokompozit malzemelerde tespit edilmiştir. Sertlik değerleri, artan takviye oranı ile artış göstermiştir. Al2O3 ve SiC takviye oranındaki artışın korozyon direncinin artmasına sebep olduğu ve AA2024 matrisinin mekanik özelliklerini olumlu yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Balistik test sonucunda ise en yüksek değeri % 2 takviyeli nanokompozit malzemeler vermiş olup, daha yüksek takviye oranlarında ise balistik test değerlerinde düşüşler meydana gelmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: AA2024, Al2O3, SiC, Nanokompozitler, Mekanik Özellikler.
KARA MÜRVERİN BAĞIŞIKLIK SİSTEMİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ÖNEY Başak , BAŞER Zehra 
Published: April 2023

Kara mürver, latince ismiyle Sambucus nigra, uzun yıllardır kullanılan Adoxaceae
familyasına ait bir bitkidir. Ortak isimleri arasında kara mürver, siyah yaşlı,
Avrupa yaşlısı, Avrupa mürveri ve Avrupa kara mürveri de vardır. Hipokrat
tarafından doğanın en şifalı bitkisi olarak görüldüğü de bilinmektedir. Meyveleri
koyu mor-siyah renktedir. 100 gramı ortalama 73 kalori içerir ve vitamin-mineral
açısından oldukça zengin bir yapıya sahiptir. Kara mürver, yapısında birçok faydalı
bileşik bulundurmaktadır. Bunlar arasında en önemli olanlar flavonoidler, fenolik
asitler ve antosiyaninlerdir. En baskın olanı ise antioksidan özelliği olduğu bilinen
antosiyaninlerdir. Bunların yanında kara mürver, içerdiği siyanojenik glikozitlerden
kaynaklı olarak zehirlenmeye sebep olabilmektedir. Bunu önleyebilmek için
mutlaka ısıl işleme maruz bırakıldıktan sonra tüketilmesi gerekmektedir. Kara
mürverin diüretik, laksatif, diyaforetik, antioksidan, antiviral, immünomodülatör,
antiinflamatuar, antimikrobiyal, antikonvülsan, antidepresan ve antikarsinojenik
gibi çeşitli etkilere sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Aynı zamanda diyabet, hipertansiyon,
obezite, hiperlipidemi, metabolik işlev bozuklukları, üriner parametreler
üzerinde de kullanılabilmektedir. Hem sağlıklı hem de hasta organizmalarda vücudun
savunma mekanizmalarını düzenlemeye destek olarak bağışıklık sistemini
güçlendirdiği bilinmektedir. Henüz çalışmalar yetersiz olsa da COVID-19 için de
kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu derlemede kara mürverin antioksidan, antiviral,
antibakteriyel, antiinflamatuar, antikanser etkileri ve bağışıklık sistemiyle
ilişkisinden bahsedilmiştir.
The Decision of Terminating Pregnancy: The Male and Female Perspective
Authors: KAYA ŞENOL Derya , AYDIN ÖZKAN Semiha , ÇİÇEKOĞLU ÖZTÜRK Pınar , HOTUN ŞAHİN Nevin 
Published: April 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the male and female perspectives
in the decision of terminating pregnancy.
Method: This descriptive study was conducted between January 2017 and May
2017. The sample, consisted of a total of 190 individuals including 100 married
women and 90 married men. The data were collected using a questionnaire including
questions about the views of women and men concerning the decision of
terminating pregnancy.
Results: 85% of the women and 63.3% of the men who participated in the study
stated that it was up to a woman to make the decision of terminating pregnancy
(p
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklar Risk Faktörleri Bilgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YARDIMCI GÜREL Tuğba 
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim görmekte
olan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kardiyovasküler hastalıklar risk faktörleri bilgi düzeyleri
ve ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan bu araştırma, hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim
gören ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden toplam 275 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır.
Araştırma verileri Şubat-Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında, yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle,
“Sosyodemografik Özellikler Formu” ve “Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklar Risk
Faktörleri Bilgi Düzeyi (KARRİF-BD) Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin
değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler (frekans, ortalama, standart sapma),
Student t-testi, One-Way ANOVA ve Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.51±2.53, %69.5’i
kadın, %32.4’ü birinci sınıftır. Öğrencilerin ölçek puan ortalamaları 20.93±4.31’dir.
Yapılan analizler sonucunda üçüncü sınıfta olma, kadın cinsiyet, sağlık meslek lisesi
mezunu olma, tuzsuz beslenme ve sigara kullanmama durumlarının kardiyovasküler
hastalıklar risk faktörleri bilgi düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
farklılığa sebep olduğu saptanmıştır (p
Hemşire ve Ebelerin Kadınlara Pelvik Kas Egzersizi Öğretimine Yönelik Uygulamaları
Authors: KARADENİZ BENLİ Cansu , DOĞAN ÖZDEMİR Nedime Gül , KULAKAÇ Özen 
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Çalışma, kadın doğum kliniklerinde çalışmakta olan ebe ve hemşirelerin
Pelvik Kas Egzersizi (PKE)’ni bir girişim olarak Hemşirelik Girişimleri Sınıflaması
(Nursing Intervention Classification-NIC)’na göre öğretme ve uygulatma
durumunu belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini, Karadeniz
bölgesinde yer alan bir ilin devlet ve üniversite hastanelerinin kadın doğum
kliniklerinde çalışmakta olan 73 hemşire ve ebe oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada örneklem
seçimine gidilmemiş, evrenin tamamı çalışmaya alınmıştır. Araştırmada veriler
Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve NIC’in Pelvik Kas Egzersizi Aktiviteleri Formu kullanılarak
toplanmıştır. Araştırmada veriler sayı ve yüzde olarak ifade edilmiştir.
Bulgular: NIC’in PKE Aktiviteleri Formuna göre hemşire ve ebelerin kadınlara
PKE girişimlerini uygulanma oranları %4.1-72.6 arasında değişmektedir. Formda
yer alan “Boşaltım baskısını fark edebilme durumunu belirleme hakkında bireyi
bilgilendiririm.” girişimi belirtilen en yüksek (%80.8) ve “Kadınları, bir parmaklarını
vajinaya koyarak ve sıkarak, Levator ani ve ürogenital kaslarını fark edebilecekleri
konusunda bilgilendiririm.” ise belirtilen en düşük (%27.4) uygulanma
oranına sahiptir.
Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Araştırmanın önemli bir sonucu olarak hemşire ve ebelerin
PKE’nin girişim basamaklarını kadınlara uygulama oranları iki madde dışında
oldukça düşüktür. PKE girişimlerinin NIC’e göre uygulanması, uluslararası
uygulama standartlarına ulaşılmasına ve bu alanda ortak bir dil oluşturulmasına
katkı sağlayacaktır. Aynı zamanda bu girişimlerin kullanılması kadın sağlığının
geliştirilmesine ve kadınların yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasına yardımcı olacaktır.
The Correlation of Cancer and Alzheimer’s through Biochemical Pathways
Authors: Muthu Kumaran Sanjith , Appavu Rajagopal 
Published: April 2023

Cancer and Alzheimer’s are two diseases that affect the cell life cycle bringing about either improper cell division (abnormal growth) or unnatural cell death due to the change in the cell’s mechanisms or environment.
We can confirm that cancer is caused by mutations in genes of cells while Alzheimer’s is caused by tau tangles or amyloid beta clumps-caused by mutations to certain genes. But we don’t know the biology or inner workings of these causes. While we have speculated and found several causers, we have no actual confirmation on a main culprit. Instead, it must be a multitude of different gene mutations that result in the diseases. But recently we have found several biologic mechanisms where the two diseases find common ground, as we have found consistently that they both share common mechanisms. This can lead to a never explored background that can cure both.
The Psychological Role of Retribution in Justice-Related and Punitive Decision-Making
Authors: Ghosh Avani 
Published: April 2023

Justice is the idea that fairness and moral righteousness is upheld in society. When individuals act in ways that contradict the rules or laws of society, they are punished by others so that society can achieve justice. However, justice is extremely subjective and varies between individuals. Based on their perception of these concepts, the way in which individuals and even societies punish also vary.
This paper aims to explore the role of retribution--a significant pillar of justice--in the perception of justice and punishment.
Through critical evaluation of psychological studies on the issue and reference to secondary sources for supplemental information, this review concludes that retribution significantly guides justice-related and punitive decision-making.
This is mainly because individuals rely on heuristic-based System 1 thinking, which is associated with retribution. Additionally, individuals are likely to have stronger emotional reactions in these situations, thereby allowing their amygdala to influence their decision-making with retribution. Finally, schemas play a significant role in one’s behavior. When individuals have seen examples of others being motivated by retribution to punish and attain justice, they learn and develop scripts for how to punish and attain justice based on retribution as well.
Understanding the human psyche and personal motives for justice is important as the ideas that uphold justice can also encroach upon it. Through studying this topic more carefully, individuals can better understand and critically look at legal systems of justice and whether retribution truly helps achieve justice, or if it is simply a psychological reaction for vengeance.
A Exploratory data analysis to understand the causes of global warming and application of soft computing techniques to develop its forecasting model
Authors: Mahajan Aarush , Jain Reetu 
Published: April 2023

Global warming (GW) is one of the major effects of human activity where excessive use of fossil fuels as energy sources has led to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as CO2, CH4, and water vapour, in the atmosphere one of the main reason to increase the average surface temperature. This study analyzes the time-series data to come to a rational conclusion about the role of GW in increasing sea-water level, the reason for the increase in GHG and the correlation of GHG to GW. In this direction time-series analysis is carried out on four different datasets. The first and second dataset comprises global temperature anomalies data and the cumulative changes in seawater level for the world’s oceans since 1880. The third and fourth dataset comprises the records of concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere since 1st AD and the last 4 ice age years respectively. Finally, forecasting models are developed based on Holt’s and SARIMA techniques to predict the global temperature anomaly, the concentration of GHGs and their correlation with GW. The developed models showed 74.6%, 94.5% and 95.7% accuracy in predicting temperature anomaly, CO2, and CH4 concentration in the atmosphere respectively. The strength of the forecasting model is its ability to compute the critical values of the factors. Therefore, the forecasting models are applied to predict the year in which the critical values of the factors contributing to GW will be attained.
Impact of Note-Taking Mediums on Memory Recognition
Authors: Khurana Tamanna , Frishman Jonathan 
Published: April 2023

Note-taking has been the key mechanism for information keeping and an integral part of academic success. Given the benefits of note-taking in learning, it is very important to identify the most effective technique. Past research conducted on college students and adults have underlined some of the key methods commonly used to take down notes, such as digital note-taking or hand written note-taking, but the conclusions are insufficient in reference to the wider age group and digital redesign of the learning system.
A sample size of 33 students, between the ages 13-18 and enrolled in at least two of the advanced courses at a high school, were selected to watch a video and randomly assigned to use one of the three options of note-taking mediums—typing, handwriting or no-note taking at all. After the video, a distractor task of multiplication problems, an assessment, and a post-experimental survey were administered. A one way ANOVA test was conducted using the students’ assessment scores. The results revealed that typing notes was the most efficient note-taking medium, with the highest memory retention of the material.
Allez Go: Computer Vision and Audio Analysis for AI Fencing Referees
Authors: Mo Jason 
Published: April 2023

The gradual increase in online fencing videos over the past decade has allowed for novel technical projects in fencing that rely heavily on data, such as artificial intelligence. This study resulted in a state-of-the-art lightweight Temporal Convolutional Network to referee fencing bouts and classify actions as either a touch for the fencer on the left, or the fencer on the right. To address this problem, we developed a pose estimation and audio analysis approach to autonomously referee fencing bouts. Using a custom dataset of international level fencing from the last 7 years, including ~4000 unique clips, our model achieved an accuracy of 89.1%, a 20% increase over previous state-of-the-art models. This model leverages advancements in human pose estimation to extract the position of both fencers and avoids high computational loads typically associated with CNNs. Additionally, it uses a novel technique to solve the issue of blade contact, a key component of refereeing fencing that was generally unaddressed in previous works. Our novel approach uses audio to ‘listen’ for the sound of blade contact rather than attempting to identify it visually.