bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief report comparing the Scale of Emotional Development – Short (SED‐S) with other scales for emotional development
Authors: Sappok T. , Morisse F. , Flachsmeyer M. , Vandevelde S. , Ilic M. , Barrett B. F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDifferent instruments were devised for assessing emotional development (ED) level in persons with an intellectual disability (ID), that is, the Scale of Emotional Development – Short (SED‐S), the Scheme for Appraisal of Emotional Development (SAED), the Scale for Emotional Development – Second Revision (SED‐R2) and the Schaal voor Emotionele Ontwikkeling – Lukas (SEO‐Lukas). The aim of this study was to compare the level of emotional functioning as assessed with the SED‐S with the SAED, SED‐R2 and SEO‐Lukas.MethodsEmotional development was measured in adults with ID with the SED‐S (N = 186) and the SAED (n = 85), the SED‐R2 (n = 50) and the SEO‐Lukas (n = 51). Correlation analysis and Cohen's kappas were calculated between the SED‐S and the three respective scales. Internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha) of the four scales were determined.ResultsThe SED‐S results correlated most with the SEO‐Lukas (γ = 1; кω = 0.936) followed by the SAED (γ = 0.809; кω = 0.343) and least by the SED‐R2 (γ = 0.665; кω = 0.182). The stage of ED assessed with the SED‐S was lower than the ED results measured with the SAED, but higher than with the SED‐R2 and most similar to the SEO‐Lukas. Cronbach's alphas were high, ranging from 0.853 to 0.975.ConclusionsGiven the respective differences between the scales, the SED‐S may equalise the results as compared with previous versions.
School Nutrition Environment and Services: Policies and Practices That Promote Healthy Eating Among K‐12 Students
Authors: Merlo Caitlin , Smarsh Brianna L. , Xiao Xiangxue 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDChanges to policies at the federal, state, and local levels over the last decade have influenced the school nutrition environment and services.METHODSThis systematic review includes an analysis of individual research articles and government reports published from 2010 to 2021 that examine interventions to improve the school nutrition environment and services and increase the availability, selection, and consumption of healthier foods and beverages in K‐12 schools in the United States.RESULTSNutrition standards for school meals and food outside of meals improved access to healthier options in school. Providing school nutrition professionals with professional development, improving the palatability of school meals, offering taste tests, pre‐slicing fruit, providing recess before lunch, offering incentives for trying healthier options, and providing access to drinking water resulted in increased selection and consumption of healthier items. There were inconclusive or mixed findings for some intervention strategies including adequate seat time for meals.CONCLUSIONSDespite demonstrated improvements to school meal programs and competitive foods, more work is needed to change the selection and consumption of healthier options among K‐12 students. Schools can use multiple interventions to improve the school nutrition environment and services and help students adopt food and beverage choices that support health.
Opportunities in the Extended Day: Approaches for Promoting Physical Activity and Healthy Eating During Out‐of‐School Time
Authors: Sliwa Sarah A. , Chang Chusan Yuilyn A. , Dahlstrom Christina 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis systematic review aims to identify out‐of‐school time (OST) interventions (eg, programming, policies) that increased opportunities for physical activity (PA) and healthy eating and/or improved youth PA and dietary behaviors.MethodsWe searched for articles within systematic reviews that met our criteria (2010‐2018) and for individual articles (2010‐2020). Reviewer pairs screened articles, double‐extracted data, assessed risk of bias (RoB), and achieved consensus. We included 71 articles (55 studies, 60 intervention arms).ResultsHealth (n = 3) and nutrition education (n = 7) interventions showed promising results, but most used weak designs and had high RoB. PA‐focused interventions (n = 23) were largely consistent in improving fitness and moderate to vigorous PA during programming. Programmatic interventions that improved both PA and nutrition outcomes engaged family or community members (n = 4/13). Most organizational policy interventions improved the nutrition environment and student PA during OST.ConclusionsOrganization‐level policy and programmatic interventions can improve environmental supports and youth behaviors during OST programming, complementing school‐day efforts to address student PA and dietary intake. To maximize their potential impact, OST programs need to be accessible to families. Administrators can consider actions to reduce participation barriers.
Coordinated Approach: Comprehensive Policy and Action Planning
Authors: Chung Chloe S. , Sliwa Sarah A. , Merlo Caitlin , Erwin Heather , Xu Yingke 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundSchools play a vital role in student health, and a collaborative approach may affect health factors such as physical activity (PA) and nutrition. There is a lack of recent literature synthesizing collaborative approaches in K‐12 settings. We present updated evidence about interventions that used a coordinated school health approach to support K‐12 student PA and nutrition in the United States.MethodsA 2‐phase literature review search included a search of systematic reviews for individual qualifying studies (2010‐2018), followed by a search for individual articles (2010‐2020) that evaluated a coordinated approach or use of school wellness councils, committees, or teams to address PA and/or nutrition.ResultsWe identified 35 articles describing 30 studies and grouped them by intervention type. Interventions demonstrated promising findings for environmental changes and student dietary and PA behaviors.ImplicationsCoordinated and multicomponent interventions demonstrated significant improvements or null results, indicating that implementation of programs and/or policies to promote healthier eating and PA practices may support and do not appear to hinder environmental or behavioral outcomes.ConclusionsSchools can use a coordinated approach to implement opportunities for PA and nutrition; this may influence students' PA and dietary behaviors.
Oral cytarabine ocfosfate pharmacokinetics and assessment of leukocyte biomarkers in normal dogs
Authors: Zwueste Danielle M. , Vernau Karen M. , Vernau William , Pypendop Bruno H. , Knych Heather K. , Rodrigues Carlos A. , Kol Amir , Questa Maria , Dickinson Peter J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCytosine arabinoside (Ara‐C) is a nucleoside analog prodrug utilized for immunomodulatory effects mediated by its active metabolite Ara‐CTP. Optimal dosing protocols for immunomodulation in dogs have not been defined. Cytarabine ocfosfate (CO) is a lipophilic prodrug of Ara‐C that can be administered PO and provides prolonged serum concentrations of Ara‐C.ObjectivesProvide pharmacokinetic data for orally administered CO and determine accumulation and functional consequences of Ara‐CTP within peripheral blood leukocytes.AnimalsThree healthy female hound dogs and 1 healthy male Beagle.MethodsProspective study. Dogs received 200 mg/m2 of CO PO q24h for 7 doses. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CO and Ara‐C concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectroscopy (LC‐MS/MS). Complete blood counts, flow cytometry, and leukocyte activation assays were done up to 21 days. Incorporation of Ara‐CTP within leukocyte DNA was determined by LC‐MS/MS.ResultsMaximum serum concentration (Cmax) for Ara‐C was 456.1‐724.0 ng/mL (1.88‐2.98 μM) and terminal half‐life was 23.3 to 29.4 hours. Cerebrospinal fluid: serum Ara‐C ratios ranged from 0.54 to 1.2. Peripheral blood lymphocyte concentrations remained within the reference range, but proliferation rates poststimulation were decreased at 6 days. Incorporation of Ara‐CTP was not saturated and remained >25% of peak concentration at 13 days.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOral CO may produce prolonged serum Ara‐C half‐lives at concentrations sufficient to induce functional changes in peripheral leukocytes and is associated with prolonged retention of DNA‐incorporated Ara‐CTP. Application of functional and active metabolite assessment is feasible and may provide more relevant data to determine optimal dosing regimens for Ara‐C‐based treatments.
Can displaced workers have a fresh start?
Authors: Nakamura Hideki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study considers low‐ability workers with the difference in their specialization areas and investigates the consequence of automation. There are two findings. First, owing to automation, it is more difficult for displaced workers than for other workers to find a new job, because these displaced workers lose their suitable jobs. Consequently, the unemployment rate increases with an increase in the number of displaced workers. Second, unless an additional increase in unsuitable jobs is large under the introduction of new tasks, automation does not necessarily increase the unemployment rate because it is less difficult for workers to find a new job.
Online job search discouragement: How employment platforms and digital exclusion shape the experience of low‐qualified job seekers?
Authors: Dumont Guillaume , De Marco Stefano , Heslper Ellen Johanna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHow do people experience the platform‐mediated job search process? We explore this question based on a sample of in‐depth interviews (n = 20) with low‐qualified, unemployed Spanish job seekers. Our main finding shows that the ways they use Information and Communication Technologies negatively impact their engagement in online job search activities. Based on our findings, we develop a framework of online job search discouragement revolving around crafting online profiles, applying for jobs, reviewing application statuses and integrating the tensions these activities carry for the experience and the outcome of the platform‐mediated job search.
Selective logging destabilizes the functioning and composition of forest ecosystems at multiple spatial scales
Authors: Qiao Xuetao , Lamy Thomas , Wang Shaopeng , Hautier Yann , Geng Yan , Han Zhuoxiu , Zhang Naili , He Huaijiang , Zhang Zhonghui , Zhang Chunyu , Zhao Xiuhai , von Gadow Klaus 
Published: September 2023

Selective logging is one of the most prevalent land uses of forests worldwide, affecting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, the effect of selective logging on the dual nature of temporal stability, and the scale dependence of this effect, remain to be elucidated. By conducting several decade‐long experiments in temperate forest ecosystems, we tested the effects of selective logging on aggregate and compositional stability at multiple spatial scales. As expected, forest ecosystem stability at larger spatial scales was enhanced both by the stability of local scales (i.e. α stability) and asynchronous dynamics among local communities (i.e. spatial asynchrony). We found that the negative effects of selective logging on both facets of forest stability propagated from local to larger spatial scales due to reduced α stability and the biological insurance effects of α diversity. However, both spatial aggregate and compositional asynchrony were not affected by selective logging. Interestingly, despite the selective logging, α diversity still provided biological insurance effects for maintaining aggregate and compositional stability. Our results imply that selective logging may destabilize the aggregate ecosystem functioning and species composition of forest ecosystems at local and larger spatial scales. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence of the scale dependence of aggregate and compositional stability of forest ecosystems in response to selective logging. Our findings suggest that forest management should avoid excessive selective logging and strive to protect forest diversity to safeguard the sustainability of the functioning and composition of natural forest ecosystems at multiple spatial scales.Keywords: aggregate stability, compositional stability, diversity, ecosystem functioning, spatial asynchrony, stability
Three methodological approaches to studying singlehood
Authors: Park Yoobin , Girme Yuthika U. , MacDonald Geoff 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs the number of single (unpartnered) individuals continues to rise, researchers across various disciplines have started to pay more attention to single individuals' lives. Yet, compared to the accumulated knowledge about experiences within romantic relationships, there is far less known about various experiences within singlehood. For singlehood research to grow in both quantity and quality, it is essential that research findings are critically evaluated both in terms of robustness of the evidence and validity of the inferences. In this paper, we review three broad approaches researchers have taken to understand singlehood that centered on (a) between‐group status (i.e., single vs. in a relationship) differences, (b) within‐person status differences, and (c) within‐group variability among singles. With a focus on well‐being as an outcome, we illustrate how each approach provides unique insights into singlehood and what caveats there are in interpreting results derived from each approach. Finally, we identify questions or methods that have not been extensively explored within each approach and offer suggestions for future research directions.
An optimal lower bound in fractional spectral geometry for planar sets with topological constraints
Authors: Bianchi Francesca , Brasco Lorenzo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe prove a lower bound on the first eigenvalue of the fractional Dirichlet–Laplacian of order on planar open sets, in terms of their inradius and topology. The result is optimal, in many respects. In particular, we recover a classical result proved independently by Croke, Osserman, and Taylor, in the limit as goes to 1. The limit as goes to is carefully analyzed, as well.
Community assembly of comammox
Nitrospira
in coastal wetlands across southeastern China
Authors: Lin Yongxin , Tang Kam W. , Ye Guiping , Yang Ping , Hu Hang-Wei , Tong Chuan , Zheng Yong , Feng Mengmeng , Deng Milin , He Zi-Yang , He Ji-Zheng 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox
Nitrospira
) are ubiquitous in coastal wetland sediments and play an important role in nitrification. Our study examined the impact of habitat modifications on comammox
Nitrospira
communities in coastal wetland sediments across tropical and subtropical regions of southeastern China. Samples were collected from 21 coastal wetlands in five provinces where native mudflats were invaded by
Spartina alterniflora
and subsequently converted to aquaculture ponds. The results showed that comammox
Nitrospira
abundances were mainly influenced by sediment grain size rather than by habitat modifications. Compared to
S. alterniflora
marshes and native mudflats, aquaculture pond sediments had lower comammox
Nitrospira
diversity, lower clade A.1 abundance, and higher clade A.2 abundance. Sulfate concentration was the most important factor controlling the diversity of comammox
Nitrospira
. The response of comammox
Nitrospira
community to habitat change varied significantly by location, and environmental variables accounted for only 11.2% of the variations in community structure across all sites. In all three habitat types, dispersal limitation largely controlled the comammox
Nitrospira
community assembly process, indicating the stochastic nature of these sediment communities in coastal wetlands.

IMPORTANCE

Comammox
Nitrospira
have recently gained attention for their potential role in nitrification and nitrous oxide (N
2
O) emissions in soil and sediment. However, their distribution and assembly in impacted coastal wetland are poorly understood, particularly on a large spatial scale. Our study provides novel evidence that the effects of habitat modification on comammox
Nitrospira
communities are dependent on the location of the wetland. We also found that the assembly of comammox
Nitrospira
communities in coastal wetlands was mainly governed by stochastic processes. Nevertheless, sediment grain size and sulfate concentration were identified as key variables affecting comammox
Nitrospira
abundance and diversity in coastal sediments. These findings are significant as they advance our understanding of the environmental adaptation of comammox
Nitrospira
and how future landscape modifications may impact their abundance and diversity in coastal wetlands.
Evaluation of NG-Test CARBA 5 version 2, Cepheid Xpert Carba-R, and carbapenem inactivation methods in comparison to whole-genome sequencing for the identification of carbapenemases in non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli
Authors: Khoo Bo Yan , Hon Pei Yun , Leong Janice , Sai Rama Sridatta Prakki , Thevasagayam Natascha May , Loy Song Qi Dennis , Chua Jasmine J. Y. , Ang Brenda Sze Peng , Chow Angela , Marimuthu Kalisvar , De Partha Pratim , Ng Oon Tek , Vasoo Shawn 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

NG-Test CARBA 5 (NG-Biotech) is a rapid
in vitro
multiplex immunoassay for the phenotypic detection and differentiation of the “big five” carbapenemase families (KPC, OXA-48-like, VIM, IMP, and NDM). Version 2 of this assay was evaluated alongside the Xpert Carba-R assay (Cepheid, Inc.), the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM), and the CIMTris assay, with a collection of carbapenem-resistant non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli comprising 138
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and 97
Acinetobacter baumannii
isolates. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used as the reference standard. For
P. aeruginosa
, NG-Test CARBA 5 produced an overall percentage agreement (OPA) with WGS of 97.1%, compared with 92.8% forXpert Carba-R and 90.6% for mCIM. For
A. baumannii
, as OXA-type carbapenemases (non-OXA-48) are not included, both the NG-Test CARBA 5 and Xpert Carba-R only had an OPA of 6.2%, while the CIMTris performed well with an OPA of 99.0%. The majority of
A. baumannii
isolates (95.9%) tested falsely positive for IMP on NG-Test CARBA 5; no IMP genes were found on WGS. No clear cause was found for this phenomenon; a cross-reacting protein antigen unique to
A. baumannii
is a possible culprit. NG-Test CARBA 5 performed well for carbapenemase detection in
P. aeruginosa
. However, results from
A. baumannii
isolates should be interpreted with caution.
Intertumoral heterogeneity impacts oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus efficacy in mouse pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Goad Dakota W. , Nesmelova Anna Y. , Yohe Laurel R. , Grdzelishvili Valery Z. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is a promising virus-based approach against various malignancies, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Our previous studies demonstrated that human PDAC cell lines are highly variable in their permissiveness to OVs. Mouse PDAC cell lines, which are widely used for
in vivo
examination of the adaptive immune responses during OV and other cancer therapies, have never been examined systematically for the impact of intertumoral heterogeneity (the differences observed between tumors in different patients) on OV virus efficacy. Here, we examined phenotypically and genotypically three commonly used allograftable mouse PDAC cell lines (C57BL6 genetic background): Panc02 (derived from chemically induced PDAC; also known as Pan02), and two cell lines originated from PDACs developed in two different KPC (Kras
G12D
, Trp53
R172H
, and PDX-1-Cre) mouse models. Our study (i) characterized the ability of a widely used attenuated oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus VSV-ΔM51-GFP to infect, replicate in, and kill mouse PDAC cells; (ii) examined their innate antiviral responses; (iii) compared their permissiveness to a non-attenuated VSV-Mwt-GFP and chemotherapeutic drugs; and (iv) analyzed their karyotype and exome. Mouse PDAC cell lines showed high divergence in their permissiveness to VSV-ΔM51-GFP, which negatively correlated with their abilities to mount innate antiviral responses, while all three cell lines were highly permissive to VSV-Mwt-GFP. No correlation was found between resistance to VSV-ΔM51-GFP and chemotherapy. Also, mouse PDAC cell lines showed high divergence in their karyotype and exome. The exome analysis demonstrated that more VSV-ΔM51-GFP-permissive mouse PDAC cell lines harbor mutations in multiple important antiviral genes, such as TYK2, JAK2, and JAK3.

IMPORTANCE

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is a promising virus-based approach against various malignancies, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Our previous studies using various human PDAC cell lines demonstrated that they are highly variable in their permissiveness to OVs. In this study, we examined phenotypically and genotypically three commonly used allograftable mouse PDAC cell lines, which are widely used for
in vivo
examination of the adaptive immune responses during cancer therapies. Mouse PDAC cell lines showed high divergence in their permissiveness to oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which negatively correlated with their abilities to mount innate antiviral responses. Also, we discovered that more VSV-permissive mouse PDAC cell lines harbor mutations in multiple important antiviral genes, such as TYK2, JAK2, and JAK3. Our study provides essential information about three model mouse PDAC cell lines and proposes a novel platform to study OV-based therapies against different PDACs in immunocompetent mice.