bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The first detection of Myxobolus lentisuturalis Dyková, Fiala et Nie, 2002, a highly pathogenic muscle‐infecting parasite of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Berg, 1932) in Hungary
Authors: Suhaimi Nadhirah Syafiqah , Colunga‐Ramírez Graciela , Sellyei Boglárka , Cech Gábor , Molnár Kálmán , Székely Csaba 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMyxobolus lentisuturalis is a myxosporean parasite infecting the musculature both of goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) and gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). The species was originally described in China from gibel carp that is a common fish for sport fishing in Hungary meanwhile is one of the most popular farmed fish in China due to its high demand. Eighteen gibel carp with distortions were collected from a barrage pond in southern Hungary. All fish had large humps in the dorsolateral region due to infection of the muscle between the head and the dorsal fin. The swollen degenerated tissue was filled with myxozoan spores, which were collected for morphological and molecular studies. By size and morphology, the spores were consistent with morphological description of M. lentisuturalis. Histopathological examination showed that the formation of plasmodia containing myxospores leads to severe destruction of muscle tissue. The 18S ribosomal DNA and 28S ribosomal DNA data of the samples presented matched with previous sequences of M. lentisuturalis in GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that our sequences belong to a monophyletic group with them supported by a high bootstrap. This study highlights the occurrence of a highly pathogenic myxozoan, M. lentisuturalis in Hungary as a new geographical location.
Elucidation of the melitidin biosynthesis pathway in pummelo
Authors: Shen Shuangqian , Wang Shouchuang , Yang Chenkun , Wang Chao , Zhou Qianqian , Zhou Shen , Zhang Ran , Li Yufei , Wang Zixuan , Dai Liupan , Peng Wenjv , Hao Yingchen , Guo Hao , Cao Guangping , Liu Xianqing , Yao Fan , Xu Qiang , Fernie Alisdair R. , Luo Jie 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTSpecialized plant metabolism is a rich resource of compounds for drug discovery. The acylated flavonoid glycoside melitidin is being developed as an anti‐cholesterol statin drug candidate, but its biosynthetic route in plants has not yet been fully characterized. Here, we describe the gene discovery and functional characterization of a new flavonoid gene cluster (UDP‐glucuronosyltransferases (CgUGTs), 1,2 rhamnosyltransferase (Cg1,2RhaT), acyltransferases (CgATs)) that is responsible for melitidin biosynthesis in pummelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck). Population variation analysis indicated that the tailoring of acyltransferases, specific for bitter substrates, mainly determine the natural abundance of melitidin. Moreover, 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase enzyme inhibition assays showed that the product from this metabolic gene cluster, melitidin, may be an effective anti‐cholesterol statin drug candidate. Co‐expression of these clustered genes in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in the formation of melitidin, demonstrating the potential for metabolic engineering of melitidin in a heterologous plant system. This study establishes a biosynthetic pathway for melitidin, which provides genetic resources for the breeding and genetic improvement of pummelo aimed at fortifying the content of biologically active metabolites.
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): A Case Review of Use Before and During Pregnancy
Authors: Faucher Mary Ann , Morillos Stephanie , Cordova Polly , McNeil‐Santiel Jessica , Onisko Nancy , Adhikari Emily H. , Nelson David B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a plant‐based substance with psychoactive properties similar to opioids but is not currently classified as an opioid. One of its more prevalent uses is to treat opioid dependency and withdrawal symptoms. Opioid use disorder is a leading cause of pregnancy‐associated maternal mortality, and pregnant women may be using kratom as a substitute or alternative to opioids. Prevalence of kratom use is increasing rapidly, but scientific evidence specific to therapeutic and adverse effects is lacking overall, and the implications of its use in pregnancy and on the fetus‐newborn are limited to a few case reports. Kratom is a legal substance by federal law, although some states have banned its use. The lack of regulation is concerning. Significant illness and associated deaths have been reported with kratom use. Lack of disclosure by people using kratom and limited laboratory testing options are major challenges for health care providers and public health.
Inverse correlation between vitamin D and CRP levels in alopecia areata: A pilot study
Authors: Mokhtari Fatemeh , Ganjei Zakiye , Yazdanpanah Maral , Hosseini Mohsen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune non‐scarring hair loss. The role of micronutrients such as iron, zinc, and vitamins, especially vitamin D, on the natural hair cycle is well defined in literature. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between vitamin D and CRP levels in patients with alopecia areata.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed from beginning of October 2020 until end of December 2021. Alopecia areata patients over 18 years of age gave their written consent to participate in the study. The severity of the patients' disease was assessed using the Severity of Alopecia Tool. Serum vitamin D and CRP levels were measured and CBC and LFT were also performed.ResultsThere were significant differences between the patients with the localized form of AA and its universal form in the following variables: Vitamin D levels, SALT score, WBC, ALKP, and CRP. There was also a significant inverse correlation between CRP and vitamin D levels (p < 0.0001).ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is associated with higher CRP levels, and patients with low serum vitamin D and high CRP levels are at a higher risk of developing the universalis form of AA; therefore, these patients should undergo more aggressive treatments.
Nurse‐led models of care for metabolic syndrome in primary care: A scoping review
Authors: Marzano Maryta , Caniano Lori , Abram Marissa D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo identify and map out existing nurse‐led models of care for treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome in primary care settings.DesignA scoping review.MethodsConducted in accordance with the JBI methodology.Data SourcesA search of the databases PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Library, Scopus, handsearch and a grey literature search was conducted in June 2022 and updated in March 2023.ResultsTitle and abstract screening was performed on 926 articles resulting in 40 articles for full text screening. Full text screening yielded seven articles that met inclusion criteria.ConclusionAdditional research is needed on nursing models of care to prevent and treat metabolic syndrome. Future studies should concentrate on rigour with clearly defined objective inclusion criteria.Implications to Clinical PracticeThis review contributes a synthesis of the evidence on nurse‐led models for metabolic syndrome in primary care.ImpactThis scoping review addresses metabolic syndrome, the precursor to non‐communicable disease. The review mapped the evidence for nurse‐led models of care for metabolic syndrome in the primary care setting. These findings promote the development and evaluation of novel nurse‐led models of care which can mitigate the effect of the current epidemic.Reporting MethodPRISMA checklist for scoping reviews.No patient or public contribution was part of this study.Protocol Registration: Open Science Framework accessible at:https://osf.io/jfpw7/.
Plurinational democracies in Europe: the quest for a profane constitutionalism
Authors: BENGOETXEA JOXERRAMON 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHow should we understand the claims on the right to decide on status made within plurinational member states of the European Union by actors and institutions seeking to protect the self‐government of sub‐state nations or peoples, or at least their right to consent to their ascribed status? Peaceful solutions to conflicts involving contested claims over territory, citizenship, and national sovereignty (authority) can be found when a conceptual or cultural transformation takes place towards a pluralist and bottom‐up or federal concept of plurinational democracy, recovering the centrality of self‐determination as the self‐assertion of a political community. Constitutional law based on the popular sovereignty of a majority nation within plurinational democracies often neglects the question of the definition of the demos as the prefigured constituency, and the existence of national or territorial minorities. If constitutions are interpreted as precluding any claim to self‐determination by a constituency, and any debate about that claim, then an undemocratic, sacralized model of militant constitutionalism may emerge. That model is not so much about protecting democracy as it is about imposing a national mould, a pre‐defined demos. This article revisits the claims of sovereignty made by national territorial minorities in Spain, against the background of the constitutional doctrine of the Spanish judiciary that precludes these constituencies from engaging in political debates on the right to decide. The resulting sacralization of the Constitution leads to a new version of the model of ‘militant democracy’, a militant nationalist constitutionalism, which can be countered by an alternative, secular, even profane approach to the Constitution.
Transnational constitutionalism – conflicts‐law constitutionalism – economic constitutionalism: the exemplary case of the European Union
Authors: JOERGES CHRISTIAN 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTransnational constitutionalism is both a sociological given and a legal challenge. We observe the emergence of ever more legally framed transnational arrangements with ever more power and impact. Do such arrangements deserve to be called legitimate rule in Habermasian terms? Is it at all conceivable that the proprium of law can be defended against the rise of its informal competitors? This article opts for a third way that listens to neither the siren songs on law beyond the state nor to the defences of nation‐state constitutionalism as the monopolist of legitimate rule. The proposed alternative suggests that transnational legal ordering of the European Union should build on its reconceptualization as a ‘three‐dimensional conflicts law’ with a democracy‐enhancing potential. This reconceptualization operationalizes the ‘united in diversity’ motto of the Draft Constitutional Treaty of 2004, preserves the essential accomplishments of Europe's constitutional democracies, provides for co‐operative problem solving of transnational regulatory tasks, and retains supervisory powers over national and transnational arrangements of private governance.
Family Ownership and Alliance Intensity
Authors: Bettinazzi Emanuele L. M. , Amore Mario Daniele , Reuer Jeffrey J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the relationship between family ownership and corporate alliance intensity. Theoretically, we propose that the tendency of family firms to pursue socioemotional wealth objectives exacerbates the level of information asymmetry they display vis‐à‐vis other firms, reducing their attractiveness as alliance partners. Based on a panel of US firms, we find that family firms join fewer alliances than non‐family firms. In line with our arguments, we also find that analyst and media coverage, and the presence of dedicated institutional investors mitigate the negative relationship between family ownership and alliance intensity. By highlighting the role of family ownership in alliances, we provide new insights into the debate on the ability of family firms to develop. Moreover, we contribute to research on the antecedents of alliances by introducing the role of owners’ attributes and identifying a set of mechanisms that mitigate the informational hazards that family firms present to prospective partners.
Biomechanical effects of different materials for an occlusal device on implant‐supported rehabilitation in a tooth clenching situation: A 3D finite element analysis
Authors: Andrade Carla Souza , de Abreu Costa Luy , Menechelli Luana Gonçalves , Lemos Cleidiel A. A. , Okamoto Roberta , Verri Fellippo R. , de Souza Batista Victor Eduardo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this 3D finite element analysis was to evaluate the biomechanical effects of different materials used to fabricate occlusal devices to achieve stress distribution in simulated abutment screws, dental implants, and peri‐implant bone tissue in individuals who clench their teeth.Materials and MethodsEight 3D models simulated a posterior maxillary bone block with three external hexagon implants (Ø4.0 × 7.0 mm) supporting a 3‐unit screw‐retained metal‐ceramic prosthesis with different crown connection (splinting), and the use of an occlusal device (OD). The OD was modeled to be 2‐mm thick. ANSYS 19.2 software was used to generate the finite‐element models in the pre‐and post‐processing phases. Simulated abutment screws and dental implants were evaluated by von Mises stress maps, and simulated bone was evaluated by maximum principal stress and microstrain maps by using a finite element software program.ResultsThe highest stress values in the dental implants and screws were observed in single crowns without OD (M1). Furthermore, the highest stress values and bone tissue strain were found in single crowns without OD (M1). The simulated material for the OD did not cause many discrepancies in terms of the stress magnitude in the simulated dental implant and abutment screw for both single and splinted crowns; however, more rigid materials exhibited lower stress values.ConclusionThe use of OD was effective in reducing stress in the simulated implants and abutment screws and stress and strain in the simulated bone tissue. The material used to simulate the OD influenced the biomechanical behavior of implant‐supported fixed prostheses, whereas splints with rigid materials such as PEEK and PMMA exhibited better biomechanical behavior.
Longitudinal effects of oral administration of antimicrobial drugs on fecal microbiota of horses
Authors: Gomez Diego , Toribio Ramiro , Caddey Benjamin , Costa Marcio , Vijan Stephanie , Dembek Katarzyna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial drug‐associated diarrhea (AAD) is the most common adverse effect in horses receiving antimicrobials. Little information on how oral administration of antimicrobials alters intestinal microbiota in horses is available.ObjectiveInvestigate changes of the fecal microbiota in response to oral administration of antimicrobials.AnimalsTwenty healthy horses.MethodsProspective, longitudinal study. Horses were randomly assigned to 4 groups comprising 4 horses each: group 1 (metronidazole); group 2 (erythromycin); group 3 (doxycycline); group 4 (sulfadiazine/trimethoprim, SMZ‐TMP); and group 5 (control). Antimicrobials were administered for 5 days. Fecal samples were obtained before (day 0) and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 30 days of the study period. Fecal microbiota was characterized by high throughput sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA.ResultsHorses remained healthy throughout the study. Richness and diversity in doxycycline, erythromycin, and metronidazole, but not SMZ‐TMP groups, was significantly lower (P < .05) at multiple time points after administration of antimicrobials compared with samples from day 0. Main changes in the microbiota were observed during the time of antimicrobial administration (day 2‐5; weighted and unweighted UniFrac PERMANOVA P < .05). Administration of erythromycin, doxycycline and, to a lesser extent, metronidazole produced a pronounced alteration in the microbiota compared with day 0 samples by decreasing the abundance of Treponema, Fibrobacter, and Lachnospiraceae and increasing Fusobacterium and Escherichia‐Shigella.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOral administration of antimicrobials alters the intestinal microbiota of healthy horses resembling horses with dysbiosis, potentially resulting in intestinal inflammation and predisposition to diarrhea.
MOCOS‐associated renal syndrome in a Brown Swiss cattle
Authors: Jacinto Joana G. P. , Küchler Leonore Bettina , Peters Laureen M. , Van der Vekens Elke , Gurtner Corinne , Seefried Franz R. , Meylan Mireille , Drögemüller Cord 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundA recessive form of MOCOS‐associated xanthinuria type II is described in Tyrolean grey cattle. A similar case was identified in a 5‐month‐old Brown Swiss calf with hoof overgrowth, rough coat, urine sediment, and pneumonia.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo characterize the disease phenotype, to evaluate its genetic etiology, and to determine the prevalence of the deleterious allele in the Brown Swiss population.AnimalsAn affected calf, its parents, and 65 441 Swiss dairy cattle.MethodsThe affected animal was clinically examined and necropsied. Microarray genotyping was used to determine the genotypes and to assess the frequency of the MOCOS allele in a Brown Swiss control cohort.ResultsUltrasonography revealed hyperechoic renal pyramids with multifocal distal shadowing and echogenic sediment in the urinary bladder. Necropsy revealed suppurative bronchopneumonia and urolithiasis. Histology revealed numerous nephroliths with multifocal chronic lymphohistiocytic interstitial infiltrates, fibrosis, tubular degeneration, chronic multifocal glomerulonephritis with sclerosis, and bilateral hydronephrosis. Dysplastic changes were observed in the corium of the claw and the cornea. Genetic testing identified the homozygous presence of a known MOCOS frameshift variant in the case. Both parents were heterozygous and the prevalence of carriers in genotyped Brown Swiss cattle was 1.4% (342/24337).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe findings were consistent with the diagnosis of a recessive renal syndrome similar to xanthinuria type II described in Tyrolean grey cattle. The prevalence of the deleterious MOCOS allele is low in the Brown Swiss breed. However, mating of carriers should be avoided to prevent further losses.
Longitudinal examination of urine pH, specific gravity, protein, culture, and antimicrobial resistance profiles in healthy dogs
Authors: McGlynn Andrew , Mrofchak Ryan , Madan Rushil , Madden Christopher , Jahid Mohammad Jawad , Mollenkopf Dixie , Wittum Thomas , Justice Sheryl S. , Rudinsky Adam , Hokamp Jessica , Hale Vanessa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundUrine is routinely evaluated in dogs to assess health. Reference ranges for many urine properties are well established, but the scope of variation in these properties over time within healthy dogs is not well characterized.ObjectivesLongitudinally characterize urine properties in healthy dogs over 3 months.AnimalsFourteen healthy client‐owned dogs.MethodsIn this prospective study, dogs were evaluated for health; then, mid‐stream free‐catch urine was collected from each dog at 12 timepoints over 3 months. Urine pH, urine specific gravity (USG), protein, cultures, and antimicrobial resistance profiles were assessed at each timepoint.ResultsUrine pH varied within and between dogs over time (Friedman's test: within P = .03; between P < .005). However, USG, protein, and bacterial diversity of urine were consistent within dogs over time, and only varied between dogs (Kruskal‐Wallis: between all P < .005). Antimicrobial resistant isolates were identified in 12 out of 14 dogs with 34 of 48 of the isolates demonstrating resistance to amoxicillin.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUrine pH should be assessed at multiple timepoints via pH meter before making clinical decisions. Mid‐stream free‐catch urine with high concentrations of bacteria (>105 CFU/mL) should not be considered the only indicator of urinary tract infection. Bacterial isolates from dogs in this study had widespread resistance to amoxicillin/oxacillin underscoring the need for antimicrobial stewardship.
A missense variant in DGKG as a recessive functional variant for hepatic fibrinogen storage disease in Wagyu cattle
Authors: Jacinto Joana G. P. , Wohlsein Peter , Häfliger Irene M. , Karl Michael , Pohlers Michael , Plobner Lutz , Grünberg Walter , Drögemüller Cord 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHepatic fibrinogen storage disease (HFSD) was diagnosed in a 5‐month‐old Wagyu calf with a history of recurrent respiratory disease. It was characterized by lethargy, dehydration, acidemia, and increased liver enzyme activities. Histologically, disseminated hepatocytes were swollen and showed a single, sharply demarcated, faintly eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion with a ground‐glass appearance, with the nucleus in an eccentric position. Cytoplasmic inclusions did not stain with the periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) reaction. Using a rabbit polyclonal antibody against fibrinogen, the cytoplasmic vacuoles in the hepatocytes stained intensely. Electron microscopy disclosed hepatocytes with membrane‐bound cytoplasmic inclusions filled with fine granular material interspersed with a few coarse‐grained electron‐dense granules. A trio whole‐genome sequencing approach identified a deleterious homozygous missense variant in DGKG (p.Thr721Ile). The allele frequency in 209 genotyped Wagyu was 7.2%. This is a report of a DGKG‐related recessive inherited disorder in cattle and adds DGKG to the list of candidate genes for HFSD in other species.
Petrology and shock history of the first depleted‐like poikilitic shergottite Asuka 12325
Authors: Takenouchi Atsushi , Yamaguchi Akira , Mikouchi Takashi , Greenwood Richard , Yamazaki Sojiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAsuka (A) 12325 is the first poikilitic shergottite having a depleted pattern in light rare earth elements (REE). Compared with known poikilitic shergottites, A 12325 has smaller but more abundant pyroxene oikocrysts with remarkable Fe‐rich pigeonite rims, indicating that A 12325 cooled relatively faster at a shallower part of the crust. The redox condition (logfO2 = IW + 0.6‐IW + 1.7) and Fe‐rich chemical compositions of each mineral in A 12325 are close to enriched shergottites. The intermediate shergottites could not form by a simple mixing between parent magmas of A 12325 and enriched shergottites. Although A 12325 contains various high‐pressure minerals such as majorite and ringwoodite, plagioclase is only partly maskelynitized. Therefore, the maximum shock pressure may be within 17–22 GPa. Thermal conduction and ringwoodite growth calculation around a shock vein revealed that the shock dwell time of A 12325 is at least 40 ms. The weaker shock pressure and longer shock dwell time in A 12325 may be attained by an impact event similar to those of nakhlites and Northwest Africa (NWA) 8159. Such a weak shock ejection event may be as common on Mars as a severe shock event recorded in shergottites. Alteration of sulfide observed in A 12325 may imply the presence of magmatic fluid in its reservoir on Mars. A 12325 expands a chemical variety of Martian rocks and has a unique shock history among poikilitic shergottites while A 12325 also implies that poikilitic shergottites are common rocks on Mars regardless of their sources.