bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING STOICISM IN LEADERSHIP: A Comparison with Emotional Intelligence in Undergraduate Leadership Students
Authors: Brown Amy M. C. , Sowcik Matthew , Stedman Nicole L. P. , Bunch James C. 
Published: March 2023

This study was the first to examine two related constructs within the context of leadership. Stoicism is an ancient philosophy offering practical advice for a virtuous and eudaemonic life. As a method to examine one’s emotional experiences (Sellars, 2006), leaders such as Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius and Teddy Roosevelt (Aurelius, ca. 160 A.D., 2002) practiced Stoicism, yet mentions of it within the field of leadership research have been scant. Leadership academics contrast desirable emotional intelligence behaviors with Stoicism (Grewal & Salovey, 2005; Mayer et al., 2008). Regardless, these two constructs are both concerned with effectively managing emotions, practicing self-awareness, high levels of motivation, and sensitivity to the expression of emotion in others (Goleman, 2005; Pigliucci, 2017; Salzgeber, 2019)
Undergraduate students in a leadership minor (_N_ = 445) at a public university completed the Emotional and Social Competency Inventory - University and the Liverpool Stoicism Scale. Analysis included a description of assessment results, an examination or the relationship between variables and differences in participant’s scores based on race, gender, and age. Stoicism and emotional self-awareness showed a moderate, statistically significant negative correlation (_r_ = - 0.391, _p_ = .05). A low, statistically significant negative relationship was reported between stoicism and the relationship management competency of teamwork (p = .003, r = -.018), and a low statistically significant positive relationship between self-management competencies, adaptability (p = .043, r = .189) and emotional self-control (p = .039, r = .192). Student’s Stoicism scores were significantly correlated with gender (_t_(113) = 2.479; _p_ = .015, _d_ = .564)
The research findings provided baseline statistics for continued exploration of Stoicism within the context of leadership. Future research that better aligns with the original doctrines of the philosophy is recommended, particularly in the interest of leadership development.
EFFECTIVENESS OF A STRENGTHS-BASED LEADERSHIP COACHING PROGRAM FOR WOMEN
Authors: Petrone Christina Glance , Luzynski Cheyenne , Petrone Ashley B. , Holmes Maja Husar , Dagen Allison Swan , Lockman Julie A. 
Published: March 2023

Strengths-based coaching has emerged in past decades as an asset-based approach that can help individuals identify, harness, and leverage their strengths to achieve professional and personal goals. This paper shares the design and outcomes of a year-long strengths-based coaching program to support leadership development within the context of one university’s women’s leadership initiative.
Program outcomes and changes in participants’ perceived confidence in identifying and applying their strengths in different contexts were evaluated through an online survey using a Likert-based REDCap survey tool after participation in the program. Findings strongly suggest that most participants lacked the self-confidence and/or self-awareness to recognize their own strengths in a granular way prior to the program. Themes that emerged in the survey findings point to the following program outcomes: participants gained an increased ability to identify and value one’s own leadership strengths, an increased ability to recognize and value the strengths of others, and a supportive community of women leaders to share experiences and reflect on the application of their strengths as part of their leadership journey.
Further studies are needed to understand and measure how a program such as this can impact one’s leader identity, self-awareness, and self-confidence. Given the critical need for women’s leadership opportunities, this program shows promise as a means to strengthen women’s leadership across career stages and disciplines.
Posterior composite restorations including the Clark cavity design and superior Class II contacts using a novel matrix system: part 2
Authors: Burgess Claire , Hassall Dominic 
Published: March 2023

In the second part of this series, we describe the use of the Bioclear Method for posterior composite restorations, including modern cavity design and techniques to achieve predictable contacts with Class II restorations. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article highlights a clinically relevant and modern method that can be used for placing anterior and posterior direct composite restorations.
Idiopathic short stature and scoliosis in children treated with growth hormone
Authors: Hong Haofeng , Pan Xiangxiang , Song Jie , Fang Nongtao , Yang Ruobing , Xiang Linyi , Wang Xiangyang , Huang Chongan 
Published: March 2023

AimsThe prevalence of scoliosis is not known in patients with idiopathic short stature, and the impact of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone on those with scoliosis remains controversial. We investigated the prevalence of scoliosis radiologically in children with idiopathic short stature, and the impact of treatment with growth hormone in a cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study.MethodsA total of 2,053 children with idiopathic short stature and 4,106 age- and sex-matched (1:2) children without short stature with available whole-spine radiographs were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Among them, 1,056 with idiopathic short stature and 790 controls who had radiographs more than twice were recruited to assess the development and progression of scoliosis, and the need for bracing and surgery.ResultsIn the cross-sectional study, there was an unexpectedly higher prevalence of scoliosis (33.1% (681/2,053) vs 8.52% (350/4,106)) in children with idiopathic short stature compared with controls (odds ratio 3.722; p < 0.001), although most cases were mild. In the longitudinal study, children with idiopathic short stature had a higher risk of the development and progression of scoliosis than the controls. Among children with idiopathic short stature without scoliosis at baseline, treatment with growth hormone significantly increased the risk of developing scoliosis (p = 0.015) and the need for bracing (p < 0.001). Among those with idiopathic short stature and scoliosis at baseline, treatment with growth hormone did not increase the risk of progression of the scoliosis, the need for bracing, or surgery.ConclusionThe impact of treatment with growth hormone on scoliosis in children with idiopathic short stature was considered controllable. However, physicians should pay close attention to the assessment of spinal curves in these children.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):439–448.
High-power tapered two-section distributed feedback laser based on a chirped sampled grating
Authors: Ma Yuxin , Ge Hantian , Sun Zhenxing , Wang Hongji , Zhao Yong , Shi Yuechun , Xu Zhenzhen , Xiao Rulei , Li Mi , Wang Xin , Zhu Xiaojun , Chen Xiangfei 
Published: March 2023

We propose and theoretically study a two-section high-power distributed feedback (DFB) laser with three equivalent phase shifts (3EPSs). A tapered waveguide with a chirped sampled grating is introduced to amplify the output power and keep a stable single-mode operation. The simulation exhibits the maximum output power and side mode suppression ratio of a 1200 µm length two-section DFB laser as high as 306.5 mW and 40 dB, respectively. Compared with traditional DFB lasers, the proposed laser has a higher output power, which may benefit wavelength division multiplexing transmission systems, gas sensors, and large-scale silicon photonics.
Reliability of tunable lenses: feedback sensors and the influence of temperature, orientation, and vibrations
Authors: Gowda Hitesh G. B. , Bruno Binal P. , Wapler Matthias C. , Wallrabe Ulrike 
Published: March 2023

We compare different aspects of the robustness to environmental conditions of two different types of piezo-actuated fluid-membrane lenses: a silicone membrane lens, where the piezo actuator indirectly deforms the flexible membrane through fluid displacement, and a glass membrane lens, where the piezo actuator directly deforms the stiff membrane. While both lenses operated reliably over the temperature range of 0°–75°C, there was a significant effect on their actuation characteristics, which can be well described through a simple model. The silicone lens in particular showed a variation in focal power of up to 0.1m−1∘C−1. We demonstrated that integrated pressure and temperature sensors can provide feedback for focal power, however, limited by the response time of the elastomers in the lenses, with polyurethane in the support structures of the glass membrane lens being more critical than the silicone. Studying the mechanical effects, the silicone membrane lens showed a gravity-induced coma and tilt, and a reduced imaging quality with the Strehl ratio decreasing from 0.89 to 0.31 at a vibration frequency of 100 Hz and an acceleration of 3g. The glass membrane lens was unaffected by gravity, and the Strehl ratio decreased from 0.92 to 0.73 at a vibration of 100 Hz, 3g. Overall, the stiffer glass membrane lens is more robust against environmental influences.
Low energy X-ray dosimeter based on LYSO:Ce fluorescent powder
Authors: Zheng Luchuan , Xu Chao , Wang Taiqi , Cheng Yongkang , Christy Yollanda Bella , Li Haoyu , Cheng Jiayao , Peng Gangding , Guo Qiang 
Published: March 2023

Cerium-doped lutetium yttrium orthosilicate (LYSO:Ce) powder has been
synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The influence of the Ce3+
doping concentration on the lattice structure and luminescence
characteristics of LYSO:Ce powder was investigated by X-ray
diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL). The XRD measurement
indicates that the lattice structure of LYSO:Ce powder was not changed
by doping ions. PL results show that LYSO:Ce powder has better
luminescence performance when the Ce doping concentration is
0.3 mol%. In addition, the fluorescence lifetime of the samples
was measured, and the results show that LYSO:Ce has a short decay
time. The radiation dosimeter was prepared by LYSO:Ce powder with a Ce
doping concentration of 0.3 mol%. Radioluminescence properties
of the radiation dosimeter also were studied under X-ray irradiation
at doses from 0.03 to 0.76 Gy, with dose rate from 0.09 to
2.284 Gy/min. The results show that the dosimeter has a certain
linear relationship response and stability. The radiation responses of
the dosimeter at different energies were obtained under X-ray
irradiation with X-ray tube voltages ranging from 20 to 80 kV.
The results show that the dosimeter has a certain linear relationship
response in the low energy range of radiotherapy. These results
indicate the potential application of LYSO:Ce powder dosimeters in
remote radiotherapy and online radiation monitoring.
Efficacy and tolerance of second-generation antipsychotics in anorexia nervosa: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Thorey Solène , Blanchet Corinne , Guessoum Sélim Benjamin , Moro Marie Rose , Ludot Maude , Carretier Emilie 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionSecond-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are frequently prescribed for the treatment of resistant anorexia nervosa. However, few clinical trials have been conducted so far and no pharmacological treatment has yet been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. The aim of this paper is to conduct a systematic scoping review exploring the effectiveness and safety of atypical antipsychotics in anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodWe conducted a systematic scoping review of the effectiveness and tolerability of SGAs in the management of AN. We included articles published from January 1, 2000, through September 12, 2022 from the PubMed and PsycInfo databases and a complementary manual search. We selected articles about adolescents and adults treated for AN by four SGAs (risperidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole or olanzapine). This work complies with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRIMA-ScR) and was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) repository.ResultsThis review included 55 articles: 48 assessing the effectiveness of SGAs in AN and 7 focusing only on their tolerability and safety. Olanzapine is the treatment most frequently prescribed and studied with 7 randomized double-blind controlled trials. Other atypical antipsychotics have been evaluated much less often, such as aripiprazole (no randomized trials), quetiapine (two randomized controlled trials), and risperidone (one randomized controlled trial). These treatments are well tolerated with mild and transient adverse effects in this population at particular somatic risk.DiscussionLimitations prevent the studies both from reaching conclusive, reliable, robust, and reproducible results and from concluding whether or not SGAs are effective in anorexia nervosa. Nonetheless, they continue to be regularly prescribed in clinical practice. International guidelines suggest that olanzapine and aripiprazole can be interesting in severe or first-line resistant clinical situations.
KidzMed e-learning to upskill student pharmacists to teach pill swallowing to children
Authors: McCloskey Alice P. , Lunn Andrew , Traynor Michael J. , Lim Emma J. , Tse Yincent , McCabe Philippa G. , Mistry Ravi D. , Vasey Nicola , Pickering Ailsa , Rathbone Adam P. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Appropriate medication use is essential in ensuring optimal pharmacotherapeutic outcomes. It is mistakenly assumed that adults can swallow solid oral dosage forms (SODFs, e.g. tablets/capsules colloquially referred to as ‘pills’), without difficulty and that children cannot. KidzMed is a ‘pill swallowing’ training programme designed to teach effective SODF use in patients of all ages. It may be utilised by healthcare professionals to assist patients taking SODFs. E-learning was essential for training during COVID pandemic to reduce viral transmission. The aim of this study was to explore UK student pharmacists views of e-learning to support swallowing solid oral dosage forms.

Methods
This study used pre- and post-intervention online surveys on Microsoft Forms to evaluate self-directed eLearning about pill swallowing on MPharm programmes at three UK Universities using a 13-item survey. A combination of five-point Likert Scales and free-text items were used. The eLearning was available via the virtual learning environment at the University and embedded within existing curriculum. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to explore responses.

Results
In total, 113 of 340 (33%) students completed the survey. Seventy-eight percent (n = 65) reported the eLearning would enable them to teach adults and children to swallow SODFs successfully. Learners either agreed or strongly agreed that they felt comfortable to teach patients (95%, n = 62/113) and parents or carers (94%, n = 60) to swallow medications having completed the e-learning. Student pharmacists generally found eLearning as an acceptable way to reflect on their own experiences of ‘pill’ swallowing and how to support patients to swallow SODFs.

Conclusion
The KidzMed eLearning was well received by student pharmacists. Further work is needed to explore whether skills translates into real life application in the clinical settings.
A deep learning-based framework for retinal fundus image enhancement
Authors: Lee Kang Geon , Song Su Jeong , Lee Soochahn , Yu Hyeong Gon , Kim Dong Ik , Lee Kyoung Mu 
Published: March 2023

ProblemLow-quality fundus images with complex degredation can cause costly re-examinations of patients or inaccurate clinical diagnosis.AimThis study aims to create an automatic fundus macular image enhancement framework to improve low-quality fundus images and remove complex image degradation.MethodWe propose a new deep learning-based model that automatically enhances low-quality retinal fundus images that suffer from complex degradation. We collected a dataset, comprising 1068 pairs of high-quality (HQ) and low-quality (LQ) fundus images from the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital’s health screening program and ophthalmology department from 2017 to 2019. Then, we used these dataset to develop data augmentation methods to simulate major aspects of retinal image degradation and to propose a customized convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture to enhance LQ images, depending on the nature of the degradation. Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index measure (SSIM),r-value (linear index of fuzziness), and proportion of ungradable fundus photographs before and after the enhancement process are calculated to assess the performance of proposed model. A comparative evaluation is conducted on an external database and four different open-source databases.ResultsThe results of the evaluation on the external test dataset showed an significant increase in PSNR and SSIM compared with the original LQ images. Moreover, PSNR and SSIM increased by over 4dBand 0.04, respectively compared with the previous state-of-the-art methods (P< 0.05). The proportion of ungradable fundus photographs decreased from 42.6% to 26.4% (P= 0.012).ConclusionOur enhancement process improves LQ fundus images that suffer from complex degradation significantly. Moreover our customized CNN achieved improved performance over the existing state-of-the-art methods. Overall, our framework can have a clinical impact on reducing re-examinations and improving the accuracy of diagnosis.
Decolonizing University Teaching and Learning: An Entry Model for Grappling with Complexities, Danielle Tran (2021)
Authors: Nabaggala Justine 
Published: March 2023

Review of: Decolonizing University Teaching and Learning: An Entry Model for Grappling with Complexities, Danielle Tran (2021)
London: Bloomsbury Academic, 232 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-35016-001-9, h/bk, $88.99
Indicadores de creatividad presentes en los textos escolares de ciencias naturales para la educación básica chilena
Authors: Villalobos-Clavería Alejandro , Sepúlveda-Obreque Alejandro , Díaz-Levicoy Danilo , Opazo-Salvatierra Margarita 
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los indicadores de desempeño sobre la habilidad cognitiva de crear que son promovidos en las actividades educativas declaradas en los textos escolares de la asignatura de Ciencias Naturales de séptimo y octavo año de Educación Básica Chilena. El tipo de investigación fue descriptiva y, mediante varios métodos, se integraron elementos cuantitativos y cualitativos para dar respuesta al propósito del trabajo. La recolección de datos se hizo en función de un esquema de categorías apriorísticas, basada en indicadores de creatividad y sus definiciones fueron construidas a partir de la revisión bibliográfica. Los resultados muestran que, entre los indicadores de crear, los que aparecen con mayor frecuencia son: elaborar y diseñar (19,23%). También, se observan otros indicadores de crear, pero con una frecuencia menor, que oscila entre 5,26% a 15,38%. Situación que es similar en todos los textos escolares que fueron examinados. En conclusión, en los textos escolares de Ciencias Naturales, se promueven habilidades cognitivas del nivel creativo, pero la frecuencia es baja e insuficiente, para lograr que los estudiantes generen ideas, propongan soluciones y formulen propuestas.
The Administrative Cost of Appeal Systems and Error Correction
Authors: Ruiz Diaz Gonzalo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The performance of appeal systems has been frequently been conditioned by the availability of human and financial resources. Scholars have suggested measures for reducing the financial and administrative burden of appeal tribunals; however, such proposals must be assessed considering their impact on the primigenial objectives pursued by these systems, particularly their capacity to reduce the harm produced by judicial errors. This study assesses diverse options for reducing caseload burdens in an administrative appeal system, including abandoning the prohibition of the Reformatio in Peius (RIP) principle, elevating fees for appealing and introducing subsidies and penalties to defendants. The results show that increasing appeal fees may allow a similar effect on the reduction of caseload burden as abandoning no RIP but at a lower cost in terms of noncorrected errors. The results are robust to different assumptions regarding the informational signals sent by defendants to tribunals during the administrative process.
Study of High-Proficiency Chinese EFL Learners’ Strategy Applications in Constructive Feedback
Authors: Song Beibei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn cross-cultural and interlanguage pragmatics, constructive feedback (CF), defined as “the identification of a problematic action and advice on how to change or correct the problem” (Nguyen & Basturkmen, 2010, p. 125), has received little attention. To fill this gap, similarities and differences between native Chinese speakers, native American speakers, and high-proficiency Chinese EFL learners’ CF are explored in this study. In particular, how these learners’ strategy applications in CF differ from those of American and Chinese speakers is examined. Data were collected through discourse completion tests (DCTs) owing to their advantages in controlling social variables and their efficiency in eliciting rich data within a limited time (Leech, 2014). In total, 42 participants were randomly selected from three groups: 14 native Chinese speakers, 14 native American speakers, and 14 high-proficiency Chinese EFL learners. The results revealed significant differences in strategy employment in CF among the three groups, with the highest disparity elicited in hedge strategies. Here, EFL learners resembled American speakers in six of the eight hedge strategies. However, they had the same percentage in terms of compliments as the Chinese speakers. With regard to supportive moves, there were no significant differences among the three groups. As a pioneering investigation, the aim of this study is to call for further research on CF.
The expectations-reality dissonance in student teaching: a discourse analysis of one pre-service teacher’s perspective
Authors: Kaya Jean 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Student teaching has been conceptualized as an experience that translates into ample teaching practice and meaningful teacher knowledge. Such a conceptualization misses issues that emerge from student teaching as social practice (i.e., the distinctive ways people engage in activities associated with a particular domain of knowledge in a specific social context). Using interview data from a larger qualitative study that investigated pre-service teachers’ learning experiences, I conducted a discourse analysis of Lany’s perspective on her student teaching experience. Unlike other student teachers, Lany perceived the social practices at her placement to be unjust, holding student teaching with contempt and wanting it shortened. Findings indicated an expectations-reality dissonance in student teaching and the reproduction of socially constructed school norms and unequal social relations between school personnel and Lany. These constrained Lany’s abilities to practice teaching and shaped her identities. The study sheds light on the need for teacher educators and other tangential agents to more actively advocate for those who are apprenticing teachers to ensure quality education.