bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Bilateral Vestibular Hypofunction: A Review of 26 Cases
Authors: Peng Hwa Tiffany , Villarin Colin , Davin Kathleen , Field Erin , Caine Melissa , O'Reilly Robert 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivePeripheral bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH) is a rare condition that is well‐studied in the adult population, whereas characterization in children has been limited. We report a pediatric cohort of patients with BVH at a multidisciplinary, tertiary care pediatric vestibular clinic.MethodsA record review of 832 patients with balance‐related complaints in our center was conducted. Multidisciplinary evaluations in Otolaryngology, Physical Therapy (PT), and Audiology were reviewed for each subject, and data were entered into a REDCap database for further analysis.ResultsTwenty‐six individuals met diagnostic criteria for BVH. The cohort consisted of 17 females and nine males, with a mean age of 5.24 years (1.41–17.35; SD 3.97). Thirteen subjects had diagnoses of one or more concurrent neurodevelopmental syndromes. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was present in 21 (80.8%) subjects, of which 17 were profound in severity and 14 had undergone cochlear implant surgery. Seventeen (65.4%) children were able to complete vHIT testing, revealing reduced lateral semicircular canal (SCC) gains bilaterally in 11 cases. Twenty‐one (80.8%) patients received recommendation for PT services, of which 15 were for vestibular therapy specifically. Patients who completed their course of vestibular PT achieved improved functional goal outcomes and discharge from therapy in nine of 11 (81.8%) cases.ConclusionWe present a case series of pediatric patients with bilateral vestibular hypofunction. BVH in this population is often associated with SNHL and comorbid congenital or neurodevelopmental diagnoses. Vestibular physical therapy may provide a significant improvement in quality of life for patients.Level of EvidenceLevel 4 Laryngoscope, 2025
Chain‐Folding Effects on Polymer Film Gas Permeabilities
Authors: Agami Iris , Mendelson Orit , Diesendruck Charles E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPolymer gas sorption and permeability are key parameters when choosing materials for applications from gas separation to food packaging. These parameters are naturally affected by the polymer chemistry, but also by the bulk morphology. In this work, the effect of chain folding (intramolecular) collapse on such properties is studied. While maintaining the same chemical composition, powders and films made from linear and folded chains are compared, indicating that chain folding affects only slightly the overall gas solubility in the polymer, but the diffusivity and permeability is changed very significantly. Measurements at different pressures provide clear support for well‐behaved systems which are chemically similar but show very different properties, allowing for the decoupling of chemistry and properties.
Targeting MDA‐MB‐231 Cancer Stem Cells With Temsirolimus in 3D Collagen/PGA/Na2SiO3‐Based Bone Model
Authors: Altundag‐Erdogan Özlem , Çetinkaya Hayrullah , Özgür Öteyaka Mustafa , Çelebi‐Saltik Betül 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study evaluated the efficacy of temsirolimus in a 3D model mimicking breast cancer stem cell (CSC) metastasis to bone. A composite material (collagen/PGA/Na₂SiO₃) is used to create a scaffold with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). MSCs maintained over 80% viability for 21 days on the scaffold. Calcium analysis shows increased calcium release in both control (3‐fold, 2.7‐fold) and osteogenic (2.3‐fold, 2.5‐fold) mediums on days 14 and 21. Gene expression analysis reveals higher levels of Osteopontin (OPN) (6‐fold), Osteocalcin (OCN) (12‐fold), and RUNX Family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) (1.8‐fold) in the osteogenic medium (p < 0.05). The impact of 5 µM temsirolimus treatment for 6 hours is assessed under control and dynamic culture conditions, reducing mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)‐related protein levels (phospho (p)‐mTOR and p‐AKT) in CSCs. The composite material is characterized through viscosity and compression testing, confirming its suitability for supporting osteogenic differentiation and cell viability (WST‐1, Alizarin Red Staining, Calcium Assay, RT‐qPCR). Gene expression of CSCs, selected based on CD133 expression, shows elevated stemness‐associated genes (OCT4, NANOG), EMT (MMP2, CXCR4, CHD1, CDH2), and drug resistance (ABCG1, ABCG2) in the CD133⁺ group in dynamic condition. Temsirolimus treatment reduces the expression of these genes by 21‐fold to 7.52‐fold (p < 0.05). These findings suggest temsirolimus as a promising therapeutic for CSC metastasis to bone.
Investigating the Role of Aniline Structure in Improving Proton Exchange Membranes for High Conductivity
Authors: Wang Gang , Li Shuwei , Yao Qifang , Yuan Xinghui , Gu Jia , Lu Mingxia , Wei Hongliang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPolybenzothiazole exhibits high proton conductivity; however, its rigid backbone limits its applicability, necessitating processes such as modification or doping. The aniline structure can participate in various reactions, including nucleophilic or electrophilic substitution reactions, salt formation, and acylation reactions. In this experiment, an aniline structure is integrated into the main chain of sulfonated polybenzothiazole to investigate the potential of aniline for enhancing proton exchange membranes. The incorporation of the aniline structure is confirmed through infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. A comparison of different proportions of aniline revealed that 12.5% aniline increased the tensile modulus to 274.40 MPa and the elongation at break to 6.26%. Furthermore, the water absorption rate reached 65.73%, while the expansion rate remained at 25%. The aniline structure exhibits inherent basicity and utilizes phosphoric acid adsorption to enhance proton conductivity. After aniline adsorbs phosphoric acid, the proton conductivity peaks at 0.157 S cm−1. Additionally, the introduction of amino groups provides further modification potential to the main chain of polybenzothiazole.
Taming the Flow with Hyperbranched Polyamides as Melt Modifiers in Polyamide Composites
Authors: Jo Suna , Kwon Daeyul , Yu Jeehoon , Kim Yong Seok , Yoo Youngjae 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTransport equipment manufacturers in the automotive and aerospace industries are focused on developing materials that enhance fuel efficiency and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. A significant approach is employing lightweight materials like aluminum, magnesium, and polymer‐based composites. Polyamide‐based composites, particularly nylon 66, as viable alternatives due to their excellent rigidity, chemical resistance, and thermal stability are investigated to address the limitations of traditional thermosetting resins, which are difficult to recycle and have lengthy molding processes that hinder mass production. This research aims to create a polymer additive that lowers melt viscosity during high‐temperature processing, thereby improving the processability of these composites. Hyperbranched polyamides (HBPs) with a dendritic structure and numerous terminal groups, which offer lower melt viscosity and greater solubility than linear polymers, are synthesized. By disrupting intermolecular bonds within PA66, these HBPs are expected to enhance miscibility and act as internal slip agents and melt‐modifier. Using the A2+B3 approach, novel‐hyperbranched polyamides are produced from commercially available monomers, allowing for better industrial applicability. The resulting composites demonstrate improved dispersion, reduced melt viscosity, and high‐thermal stability, highlighting their potential as effective melt modifiers for engineering plastics in lightweight composite applications.
The Transcription Factor ATF2 Accelerates Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression Through Activating the PLEKHO1/NUS1 Pathway
Authors: Lu Zheng , Xu Jinge , Li Junyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common malignant cancer with high mortality rate. Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) and pleckstrin homology domain containing O1 (PLEKHO1) were reported to participate in numerous cancers. However, their roles and the detailed mechanisms in ccRCC development remain largely unknown. RT‐qPCR and western blot were used to measure the levels of PLEKHO1, ATF2, and nuclear undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase 1 (NUS1). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration and stemness were evaluated using CCK‐8 assay, flow cytometry, transwell invasion assay, wound‐healing assay and sphere formation assay, respectively. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was conducted to verify the relationship between ATF2 and PLEKHO1. The interaction between PLEKHO1 and NUS1 was proved by Co‐IP assay. Xenograft models were utilized to evaluate the tumorigenic capability of ccRCC cells upon PLEKHO1 knockdown. PLEKHO1, ATF2 and NUS1 expression were significantly elevated in ccRCC, and PLEKHO1 might be a prognosis biomarker for ccRCC. PLEKHO1 depletion significantly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migration, stemness, and induced cell apoptosis in ccRCC cells. ATF2 activated PLEKHO1 expression via transcription regulation, and PLEKHO1 overexpression could reverse the suppressive effects of ATF2 knockdown on the malignant behaviors of ccRCC cells. Moreover, PLEKHO1 directly bound to NUS1, and PLEKHO1 depletion markedly restrained ccRCC progression through targeting NUS1 in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggested that ATF2 transcriptionally activated PLEKHO1 to promote the development of ccRCC via regulating NUS1 expression.
PTPN2 Expression in Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Li Xue , Feng Hua , Jian Hengheng , Zhang Shilan , Tai Zhaoli Liao , Wang Xiaoyu , Lu Fengzhi , Liu Zuwei , Li Tingchao , Ji Yangsong , Liu Youxuan , Ma Zuxia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to explore PTPN2 expression levels in Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HPSCC) tissues and their relationship with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of HPSCC patients. PTPN2, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, has recently emerged as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy, and in many previous studies, PTPN2 may have a significant role in the growth, differentiation, metabolism and immune response of head and neck malignant tumors. In this study, PTPN2 expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) and other cancer tissues was analyzed using datasets derived from the Sangerbox database. Furthermore, we analyzed data on PTPN2 mRNA levels across various clinical stages of HNSCC (I, II, III, and IV), which was extracted from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. Clinical data from patients who underwent surgical resection for hypopharyngeal malignancies at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University between January 2013 and January 2024 were also obtained and analyzed. The patient specimens were categorized into two groups (the HPSCC tumor and paracarcinoma tissue groups) and compared for PTPN2 expression using Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunofluorescence (IF), and Western Blot (WB) analyses. According to the results, HPSCC patients were mostly elderly males with a history of tobacco and alcohol abuse. Furthermore, the most common site of HPSCC onset was piriform sinuses, and the disease was often diagnosed in the middle or advanced stages. Additionally, HPSCC tissues exhibited PTPN2 upregulation. Moreover, PTPN2 expression did not correlate significantly with patients' gender, Smoking Index (SI), alcohol abuse, tumor diameter, Hypertension (HTN), diabetes, and M stage. On the other hand, it correlated with HPSCC patients' T‐stage, N‐stage, Overall Survival (OS), and clinical stage. Based on these findings, we deduced that high PTPN2 expression could be involved in HPSCC patients' poor prognosis.
A Topology‐Enhanced Multi‐Viewed Contrastive Approach for Molecular Graph Representation Learning and Classification
Authors: Pham Phu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn recent times, graph representation learning has been becoming a hot research topic which has attracted a lot of attention from researchers. Graph embeddings have diverse applications across fields such as information and social network analysis, bioinformatics and cheminformatics, natural language processing (NLP), and recommendation systems. Among the advanced deep learning (DL) based architectures used in graph representation learning, graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as the dominant and highly effective framework. The recent GNN‐based methods have demonstrated state‐of‐the‐art performance on complex supervised and unsupervised tasks at both the node and graph levels. In recent years, to enhance multi‐view and structured graph representations, contrastive learning‐based techniques have been developed, introducing models known as graph contrastive learning (GCL) models. These GCL approaches leverage unsupervised contrastive methods to capture multi‐view graph representations by comparing node and graph embeddings, yielding significant improvements in both graph‐level representations and task‐specific applications, such as molecular embedding and classification. However, as most GCL techniques are primarily designed to focus on the explicit graph structure through GNN‐based encoders, they often overlook critical topological insights that could be provided through topological data analysis (TDA). Given the promising research indicating that topological features can greatly benefit various graph learning tasks, we propose a novel topology‐enhanced, multi‐view graph contrastive learning model called TMGCL. Our TMGCL model is designed to capture and utilize both comprehensive multi‐scale topological and global structural information from graphs. This enhanced representation capability positions TMGCL to directly support a range of applications, such as molecular classification, with improved accuracy and robustness. Extensive experiments within two real‐world datasets proved the effectiveness and outperformance of our proposed TMGCL in comparing with state‐of‐the‐art GNN/GCL‐based baselines.
On a Truncated Thermoelastic Timoshenko System With a Dual‐Phase Lag Model
Authors: Messaoudi Salim A. , Keddi Ahmed , Alahyane Mohamed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this work, we consider a one‐dimensional truncated Timoshenko system coupled with a heat equation, where the heat flux is given by the generalized dual‐phase lag model. By using the semigroup theory and some nonclassical differential operators, we establish the well‐posedness of the problem. Then, we use the multiplier method to show that the only one heat control is enough to stabilize the whole system exponentially without imposing the usual equal‐speed assumption or any other stability number. Moreover, to illustrate our theoretical results, we give some numerical tests. Our result seems to be the first of this type.
The N‐Terminal Fragment of Urine Titin Is Not a Product of Degradation by Calpain 3
Authors: Nambu Yoshinori , Matsumura Tsuyoshi , Machida Kyoka , Tsutsumi Rie , Hata Shoji , Shinkai‐Ouchi Fumiko , Ono Yasuko , Osawa Kayo , Shirakawa Taku , Bo Ryosuke , Nishio Hisahide , Sakaue Hiroshi , Awano Hiroyuki , Matsuo Masafumi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionA 20 kDa fragment at the N‐terminus of titin is highly excreted in the urine of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), making urine titin a prominent biomarker for muscle breakdown. This N‐terminal fragment is presumed to be a product of degradation by a protein‐degrading enzyme, calpain 3; however, whether calpain 3 is required remains unclear. We aimed to determine whether urine titin elevation occurs in the absence of calpain 3.MethodsWe measured urine titin by ELISA in two genetically confirmed limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type R1(LGMDR1) patients, 11 other LGMD patients, and five healthy controls. Five Capn3−/− and nine wild‐type mice were also examined.ResultsUrine titin in LGMDR1 patients was ~100‐fold higher than in controls (median 112.3 vs. 1.3 pmol/mg Cr, p < 0.0001), with no difference between LGMDR1 and other LGMD subtypes. Similarly, urine titin levels in Capn3−/− mice were more than four times higher than normal (p < 0.01).DiscussionThese results suggest the involvement of other protein‐degrading enzymes leading to the production of the N‐terminal fragment.
Decoding the role of large heat shock proteins in the progression of neuroinflammation‐mediated neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Saxena Shailendra K. , Sharma Deepak , Kumar Swatantra , Maurya Vimal K. , Ansari Saniya , Malhotra Hardeep S. , Singh Amit 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChronic neuroinflammation and protein aggregation are the fundamental events mainly responsible for the progression of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Potential neurotoxic changes in the intra‐ and extracellular environment are typical hallmarks of many NDs. Treatment of ND is challenging, as the symptoms in these patients arises when a significant numbers of neurons have already been destroyed. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) can bind to recipient cells that are susceptible to stress, such as neurons, in the extracellular environment, therefore enhancing stress resistance. Among all, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 are highly conserved molecular chaperones involved in protein folding and assembly, maintaining cellular homeostasis in the central nervous system. Notably, α‐synuclein accumulation is a major pathophysiology in Parkinson's disease, where HSP90 modulates the assembly of α‐synuclein in vesicles to prevent its accumulation. Moreover, HSP90 regulates the activity of the glycogen synthase kinase‐3β protein, which is crucial in diabetes mellitus‐associated neurocognitive disorder. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism by which HSPs facilitate protein aggregation and respond to inflammatory stimuli, including metabolic disease such as diabetes, is essential for understanding the significance of HSPs in NDs. This review emphasizes the role of various HSPs in the progression of NDs such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and Huntington's disease, including diabetes, which is one of the major risk factors for neurodegeneration.
Investigating Maternal Perception of Control and Support in the Postpartum Period and Influencing Factors in Childbirth: A Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Model
Authors: Topçu Tuğba Yazici , Aydin Ruveyde , Aktaş Songül 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimThis study aimed to assess the levels of maternal perception of control and support during birth and the factors influencing them in the postpartum period.DesignA cross‐sectional design was employed. The STROBE checklist was used.MethodsThe study was conducted between July 2021 and March 2022 with 400 mothers who were in their first 2 months postpartum and lived in Türkiye. Data were collected online using a Maternal Descriptive Information Form and the Support and Control in Birth (SCIB) Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, such as percentage, mean, standard deviation and multiple linear regression analysis, were employed for data evaluation.ResultsThe mean score on the total SCIB was 92.4 ± 13.01. Vaginal birth and caesarean section accounted for 47.3% and 52.7% of the study group, respectively, with only 35% being assisted by a midwife. Variables of age, education level, number of pregnancies, mode of birth and health professionals assisting birth showed no significant effect on the total SCIB score (p > 0.05). Maternal satisfaction with birth scores, satisfaction with health professionals involved birth and fulfilled expectations from health professionals were positively associated with high SCIB scores (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe level of SCIB in our study fell within a ‘moderate’ range, considering the lowest and highest scores on the scale. Notably, increased satisfaction with birth experience and healthcare professionals, positively influenced maternal perceptions of control and support during birth. In contrast, certain socio‐demographic and obstetric characteristics did not demonstrate a significant impact. To enhance the sense of support and control during childbirth, it is crucial to identify and fulfil the expectations of mothers from midwives and birth supportive care to ultimately elevate maternal satisfaction in the childbirth experience.Patient or Public ContributionNone.
The Impact of Body Mass Index and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia on Bone Health of Middle‐Aged and Older Men
Authors: Chuang Tzyy‐Ling , Chen Pao‐Liang , Koo Malcolm , Chuang Mei‐Hua , Wang Yuh‐Feng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveOsteoporosis significantly affects older adults by reducing bone mass and increasing fracture risk, thereby impacting morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), body mass index (BMI), and trabecular bone score (TBS) among middle‐aged and older men with or without benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using health examination data from male participants aged 50–98 years collected at a regional hospital in southern Taiwan. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to examine the relationships between TBS and the independent variables. A total of 3714 middle‐aged and older men were included in the analysis.ResultsFindings indicated that higher BMI was associated with greater BMD; however, the relationship with TBS suggested potential bone quality degradation in cases of underweight and obesity. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that age, waist circumference, BMD, underweight status, and obesity were significantly associated with TBS.ConclusionThis study revealed the associative relationship between BMI and bone health: higher BMI was associated with increased bone density but also related to a decline in bone quality as measured by TBS, particularly in cases of obesity. These results emphasized the importance of managing BMI to optimize both bone density and quality, especially in middle‐aged and older men with or at risk of BPH.
A Real‐World Pharmacovigilance Study of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Events for Obeticholic Acid
Authors: Hai Le , Wu Jiaojiao , Pan Xiaohong , Yin Weicheng , Wu Zhishan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesBased on the Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data from the US FDA, this study mined the adverse drug reactions of obeticholic acid (OCA) in the real world and provided reference for clinical safe drug use.MethodsAdverse event reports for OCA from the second quarter of 2016 to the third quarter of 2023 were extracted. The analysis for adverse reaction signal detection was conducted using reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and multi‐item gamma Poisson shrinker methods.ResultsA total of 5661 OCA‐related adverse event reports were collected, and 105 OCA‐related adverse reaction signals were obtained, involving 14 systems, among which 46 new signals were not previously mentioned in the product labeling. Severe adverse event of OCA accounted for a relatively high proportion (1445 cases, 25.53%), among which the number of hospitalization reports was the largest (1042 cases, 18.41%). The top five adverse events were pruritus, fatigue, constipation, elevated blood alkaline phosphatase, and abdominal distention. The top five adverse reaction signals intensity were abnormal blood alkaline phosphatase, abnormal ratio of albumin globulin, spider nevus, combined with abnormal bilirubin, and γ‐abnormal glutamyl transferase.DiscussionBased on the pharmacovigilance study of the FAERS database, it is necessary to strengthen the clinical medication monitoring of OCA, so as to provide reference for effective pharmaceutical monitoring and rational clinical medication.