bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic and predictive role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (FoxP3 + and CD8 +) and tumor-associated macrophages in early HER2 + breast cancer
Authors: Jääskeläinen Minna M. , Tiainen Satu , Siiskonen Hanna , Ahtiainen Maarit , Kuopio Teijo , Rönkä Aino , Kettunen Tiia , Hämäläinen Kirsi , Rilla Kirsi , Harvima Ilkka , Mannermaa Arto , Auvinen Päivi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In HER2-positive (HER2 +) breast cancer, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) may influence the efficacy of the HER2-antibody trastuzumab and the patient’s outcome. In this HER2 + patient cohort, our aim was to study the numbers of FoxP3 + regulatory TILs and CD8 + cytotoxic TILs, their correlations with CD68 + and CD163 + TAMs, and the prognostic and predictive value of the studied factors.

Methods
We evaluated 139 non-metastatic HER2 + breast cancer patients operated between 2001 and 2008. The FoxP3+TIL count (FoxP3+TILs) was assessed using the hotspot method, and the CD8 + TIL count (CD8+mTILs) utilizing a digital image analysis from invasive margin areas. The ratios between CD8+mTILs and FoxP3+TILs as well as CD8+mTILs and TAMs were calculated.

Results
FoxP3 + TILs and CD8 + mTILs correlated positively with each other (p<0.001). FoxP3+TILs had a positive correlation with CD68+and CD163+TAMs (p≤0.038), while CD8 + mTILs correlated only with CD68+TAMs (p<0.001). In the HER2 + and hormone receptor-positive Luminal B subgroup, high numbers of FoxP3+TILs were associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (54% vs. 79%, p = 0.040). The benefit from adjuvant trastuzumab was extremely significant among patients with a high CD8 + mTILs/CD68 + TAMs ratio, with overall survival (OS) 84% vs. 33% (p = 0.003) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) 88% vs. 48% (p = 0.009) among patients treated with or without trastuzumab, respectively.

Conclusion
In the HER2 + Luminal B subgroup, high FoxP3 + TILs were associated with shorter DFS. A high CD8 + mTILs/CD68 + TAMs ratio seems to associate with impressive efficacy of trastuzumab.
Multilevel Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Bioecological Systems Perspective of Parent and Child Experiences
Authors: Painter Felicity L. , Booth Anna T. , Letcher Primrose , Olsson Craig A. , McIntosh Jennifer E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and associated public health restrictions created unprecedented challenges for parents and their young dependent children. While psycho-social impacts of natural disasters on families are well studied, a typography of parent specific concerns in the COVID-19 context was yet to be articulated.

Objective
Using a bioecological systems framework, we adopted a mixed-methods research design to examine parents’ core concerns about the impacts of the pandemic on themselves and their children, testing for differences in concern foci of mothers compared with fathers.

Method
Data were drawn from the Australian Temperament Project Generation 3 (ATPG3) study, a prospective study of children born to a 40-year population-based cohort. During enforced COVID-19 lockdown restrictions between May to September 2020, ATPG3 parents (n = 516) were surveyed about their own and their children’s functioning in the context of the pandemic. Subject of qualitative content analysis, parents (n = 192) experiencing wellbeing concerns offered additional free-text responses about the nature of stress impacting themselves and their child/ren.

Results
Parents reported far-reaching impacts for themselves and their children across multiple bioecological systems. Core concerns were for emotional rather than physical health, specifically, for parents this was represented by increased levels of anxiety and stress, and for children, these impacts were notable from a developmental perspective. Greater frequency of parenting related concern was expressed by mothers in comparison to fathers.

Conclusions
Findings demonstrate the complex and interrelated nature of multi-systemic and gendered stressors impacting parents during the pandemic, and importantly point to modifiable risk factors which may inform early risk detection efforts.
A deep-learning-based grading system (ASAG) for reading comprehension assessment by using aphorisms as open-answer-questions
Authors: Mardini G. Ivan D. , Quintero M. Christian G. , Viloria N. César A. , Percybrooks B. Winston S. , Robles N. Heydy S. , Villalba R. Karen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractToday reading comprehension is considered an essential skill in modern life, therefore, higher education students require more specific skills to understand, interpret and evaluate texts effectively. Short answer questions (SAQs) are one of the relevant and proper tools for assessing reading comprehension skills. Unlike multiple-choice questions, SAQs allow for the assessment of cognitive abilities such as attention, language, perception, and problem solving. However, the task of SAQs scoring is time-consuming and susceptible to ambiguity. Automatic Short Answer Grading (ASAG) is a new paradigm that could help solve these problems. This experimental analysis aims to implement ASAG using several approaches to sentence embedding based on deep learning with a multilayer perceptron regression layer on the top, trained with a reading comprehension dataset based on aphorisms. For experimental testing, the available dataset is composed of answers given by 199 undergraduate students in Spanish. BERT and Skip-Thought models are tested with different hyperparameters to find the best performance in terms of Pearson correlation coefficient and RMSE against human experts grades. The result of the current study showed that BERT model performed better than other approaches.
The role of small- and medium-sized practices in the sustainable transition of SMEs
Authors: Ortiz Esther , Marín Salvador , Thompson Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEuropean and global economies are committed to accelerating their sustainable transition. An important goal in realising this transition is to get robust corporate sustainability reporting. In this way, this paper focuses on the recent European developments setting new legislation and standards. Specifically, a survey questionnaire from a focus group of accounting experts examines the future role of small- and medium-sized accountancy practices (SMPs) in enabling this transition. The experts are all members of the European Federation of Accountants and Auditors for Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (EFAA). With its focus on SMPs, this paper performs a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the responses obtained. Finally, it explores the influence of years of experience on the practices´ opinions. The findings indicate that SMPs are ready to fulfil this emerging role, which will demand significant reskilling. Also, the more experienced the SMPs, the more likely small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are to seek their advice, are more conscious about sustainability practices, and advise their SME clients accordingly. As a theoretical contribution, this manuscript fills a noticeable gap in the research literature. The background mainly focuses on large companies and lacks a study of the essential role SMPs can play in the European sustainability landscape. As a practical contribution, the need for the support of professional accountancy organisations to help SMPs in this significant reskilling can be highlighted.
Is sustainability reporting disclosing what is relevant? Assessing materiality accuracy in the Spanish telecommunication industry
Authors: León Raúl , Salesa Aitor 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCompanies have highly adopted sustainability reporting practices. Nonetheless, there are still some important research gaps related to the contents that sustainability reports should include and the appropriate frameworks to define them. This research contributes to the study of sustainability reporting practices of companies from a sectorial perspective, and it is focused on applying the materiality principle. It combines a qualitative and a quantitative approach to assess the materiality and the quality of GRI reports among sustainability dimensions and companies within an industry. To this end, an innovative research method based on scores is proposed and applied to a sample of companies in the telecommunications industry. The results indicate that while the GRI sustainability issues declared as material are more likely to be reported, there are still incoherencies in using materiality analysis as a threshold for reporting. Furthermore, there is no evidence that the materiality or quality of the reports differs among companies or sustainability dimensions. The findings suggest that materiality analysis, as companies present it, may lead to incoherencies in treating GRI aspects and indicators.
Parental Leave and Fertility: Individual-Level Responses in the Tempo and Quantum of Second and Third Births
Authors: Puur Allan , Abdullayev Sanan , Klesment Martin , Gortfelder Mark 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have documented varying fertility responses to changes in parental leave provisions. We contribute to this literature by investigating the effects on the transition to second and third births of a policy reform that introduced generous earnings-dependent parental leave benefit in Estonia in 2004. Our study employs a mixture cure model, a model with some useful properties that has been seldom applied in fertility research. The advantage of the cure model over conventional event history models is the ability to distinguish the effect of the covariates on the propensity to have a next child from their effect on the tempo of childbearing. The results show that the transition to next birth accelerated as parents responded to so-called speed premium, a feature that allowed them to avoid a reduction in benefits caused by a reduction of earned income between births, through the closer spacing of births. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the introduction of generous earning-related parental leave was associated with a substantial increase in the progression to both second and third births.
Evaluation of Interventions to Address Moral Distress: A Multi-method Approach
Authors: Wocial Lucia D. , Miller Genina , Montz Kianna , LaPradd Michelle , Slaven James E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMoral distress is a well-documented phenomenon for health care providers (HCPs). Exploring HCPs’ perceptions of participation in moral distress interventions using qualitative and quantitative methods enhances understanding of intervention effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to measure and describe the impact of a two-phased intervention on participants’ moral distress. Using a cross-over design, the project aimed to determine if the intervention would decrease moral distress, enhance moral agency, and improve perceptions about the work environment. We used quantitative instruments and explored participants’ perceptions of the intervention using semi-structured interviews. Participants were from inpatient settings, within three major hospitals of a large, urban healthcare system in the Midwest, United States. Participants included nurses (80.6%) and other clinical care providers. Using generalized linear mixed modeling we assessed the change in each of the outcome variables over time controlling for groups. Interviews were audiotaped and professionally transcribed. The written narratives were coded into themes. The change in scores on study instruments trended in the desired direction however did not meet statistical significance. Qualitative interviews revealed that intervention effectiveness was derived from a combination of learning benefits, psychological benefits, and building community that promoted moral agency. Findings demonstrate a clear link between moral distress and moral agency and suggest that Facilitated Ethics Conversations can enhance the work environment. Findings provide insight for developing evidenced-based approaches to address moral distress of hospital nurses.
Uronic acid and their oligomer microanalysis by normal-phase partition chromatography with fluorescence derivatization
Authors: Kakita Hirotaka , Seki Shouhei , Ishijima Haruyoshi , Yanaoka Naoki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlgal alginates, which consist of two uronic acids (i.e. D-mannuronate and L-guluronate), are important resources for a lot of industrial materials. The ratio of D-mannuronate to L-guluronate influences the physical properties of polysaccharide preparations and gels in industry. Furthermore, the influences of the percentage and configuration of each uronic acid oligomer on biological and physiochemical properties of polysaccharides have also been reported. Therefore, a highly sensitive analytical technique for uronic acids and their oligomers would be useful for both biological studies and manufacturers’ quality control. To develop a fluorimetric high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique for microanalysis for uronic acid monomers and oligomers, a saline mobile phase and the postcolumn fluorimetric determination system of reducing saccharides with benzamidine were combined. Fluorescence measurement was performed at 288 nm for excitation and 470 nm for emission. A linear gradient elution system was found to be a suitable method for the simultaneous microanalysis of uronic acid monomers and oligomers. The proposed method was successfully applied to uronic acid microanalysis and should prove useful for automated simultaneous microanalysis of uronic acid monomers and oligomers in alginate hydrolysates.
Gender Differences in the Propensity to Start Gambling
Authors: Díaz Alejandro , García Jaume , Pérez Levi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGambling opportunities have greatly expanded in recent years leading to an alternative form of leisure but also raising social concerns. Participation in such activities may be conditioned by individual characteristics affecting the willingness of individuals to gamble, including gender, but also by time effects linked to the availability and exposure of gambling. Using data from Spain, estimates from a time-varying split population duration model show significant gender differences in the propensity to start gambling (men’s episodes as non-gamblers were observed to be shorter than women’s). Additionally, expansion of gambling opportunities over time is found to be correlated with an increase in the propensity to start gambling. Both men and women are clearly more likely to start gambling at earlier ages than before. These results are expected to improve knowledge of gender differences in terms of consumer decision making about gambling and to be helpful in designing public policies for gambling.
From Epistemic Norms to Logical Rules: Epistemic Models for Logical Expressivists
Authors: Dahl Niklas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper I construct a system of semantics for classical and intuitionistic propositional logic based on epistemic norms governing belief expansion. Working in the AGM-framework of belief change, I give a generalisation of Gärdenfors’ notion of belief systems which can be defined without reference to a logical consequence operator by using a version of the Ramsey Test. These belief expansion systems can then be used to define epistemic models which are sound and complete for either classical or intuitionistic propositional logic depending on which of the two notions of epistemic validity, identified by Levi and Arló-Costa, is used. Finally, I offer a discussion on how these results can be understood as providing a model theory within the framework of logical expressivism.
A long-term view of tropical cyclone risk in Australia
Authors: Mortlock Thomas R. , Nott Jonathan , Crompton Ryan , Koschatzky Valentina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNatural hazard risk is assessed by leveraging, among other things, the historical record. However, if the record is short then there is the danger that risk models are not capturing the true envelope of natural variability. In the case of tropical cyclones in Australia, the most reliable observational record spans less than 50 years. Here, we use a much longer (ca. 6000-year) chronology of intense paleo-cyclones and, for the first time, blend this information with a catastrophe loss model to reassess tropical cyclone wind risk in Northeast Australia. Results suggests that the past several decades have been abnormally quiescent compared to the long-term mean (albeit with significant temporal variability). Category 5 cyclones made landfall within a section of the northeast coast of Australia almost five times more frequently, on average, over the late Holocene period than at present. If the physical environment were to revert to the long-term mean state, our modelling suggests that under the present-day exposure setting, insured losses in the area would rise by over 200%. While there remain limitations in incorporating paleoclimate data into a present-day view of risk, the value of paleoclimate data lies in contextualizing the present-day risk environment, rather than complementing it, and supporting worst-case disaster planning.
Do Kuhnians have to be anti-realists? Towards a realist reconception of Kuhn’s historiography
Authors: Dimitrakos Thodoris 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is quite unequivocal that Kuhn was committed to (some version of) naturalism; that he defended, especially in his later work, the autonomy of scientific rationality; and that he rejected the correspondence theory of truth, i.e., the traditional realistic conception of the world’s mind-independence. In this paper, I argue that these three philosophical perspectives form an uneasy triangle, for while it is possible to coherently defend each of them separately or two of them combined, holding all three leads to incoherence. Hence, the only option is to reject one of them in a way that is both compatible with Kuhnian historiography and philosophically fruitful. My purpose in this paper is not exegetical. My ambition is to sketch a coherent philosophical framework which does justice to Kuhn’s historiographical model for scientific change and avoids the philosophical costs of relativism and anti-naturalism. In particular, I argue in favor of the following interconnected positions: (1) Given the role of anomalies in Kuhn’s historiographical model, the latter satisfies the two fundamental conditions for acknowledging the mind-independence of the world: the ‘irreducibility condition’ and the ‘objectivity condition’, (2) Kuhn’s rejection of the notion of an ‘Archimedean platform’ does not entail that the truth-value of beliefs doesn’t play a role in the explanation of their change, (3) Adopting scientific realism is the only way to defend the autonomy of scientific rationality within a naturalistic philosophical framework. However, adopting realism leads to a liberal rather than an eliminative version of naturalism.
On structural change: practice organizations and institutional logics
Authors: Schatzki Theodore R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis essay explores structural changes in practices through a convergence between a particular version of the institutional logics approach in institutional theory and my own account of social practices. Part one presents these approaches as contemporary versions of the idea that objective, or common, contentful orientations govern social practices. The discussion elucidates logics and practice organizations as arrays of such orientations and explores how they shape human activity, criticizing the cognitivism of institutional logics in the name of a more practical account of the relationship between structuring contents and practices. Part two describes how both accounts treat human activity as responsible for changes in governing orientations. Whereas institutional logicians focus on types of action concatenations and the conditions under which action concatenations bring about such changes, my account highlights the sorts of nexuses of activity chains and materiality responsible.
Pre- and Post-Microsurgical Rehabilitation Interventions and Outcomes on Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema: a Systematic Review
Authors: Doubblestein David , Campione Elizabeth , Hunley Julie , Schaverien Mark 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose of ReviewBreast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL) is a debilitating progressive disease resulting in various impairments and dysfunctions. Complete decongestive therapy embodies conservative rehabilitation treatments for BCRL. Surgical procedures performed by plastic and reconstructive microsurgeons are available when conservative treatment fails. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate which rehabilitation interventions contribute to the highest level of pre- and post-microsurgical outcomes.Recent FindingsStudies published between 2002 and 2022 were grouped for analysis. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022341650) and followed the PRISMA guidelines. Levels of evidence were based upon study design and quality. The initial literature search yielded 296 results, of which, 13 studies met all inclusion criteria. Lymphovenous bypass anastomoses (LVB/A) and vascularized lymph node transplant (VLNT) emerged as dominant surgical procedures. Peri-operative outcome measures varied greatly and were used inconsistently. There is a dearth of high quality literature leading to a gap in knowledge as to how BCRL microsurgical and conservative interventions complement each other.SummaryPeri-operative guidelines are needed to bridge the knowledge and care gap between lymphedema surgeons and therapists. A core set of outcome measures for BCRL is vital to unify terminological differences in the multidisciplinary care of BCRL.Condensed AbstractComplete decongestive therapy embodies conservative rehabilitation treatments for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Surgical procedures performed by microsurgeons are available when conservative treatment fails. This systematic review investigated which rehabilitation interventions contribute to the highest level of pre- and post-microsurgical outcomes. Thirteen studies met all inclusion criteria and revealed that there is a dearth of high quality literature leading to a gap in knowledge as to how BCRL microsurgical and conservative interventions complement each other. Furthermore, peri-operative outcome measures were inconsistent. Peri-operative guidelines are needed to bridge the knowledge and care gap between lymphedema surgeons and therapists.