bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunisian general practitioner’s perception of benzodiazepine prescription:
Authors: Boudriga S. , Aissa A. , Benzarti A. , Zgueb Y. , Ouali U. , Jomli R. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDespite the scientific requirements and restrictive recommendations, there is a significant disparity between theory and practice in the prescription of benzodiazepine(BZD). Long-term prescribing, defined by a duration exceeding six months has been commonly reported worldwide, some authors explained this by physician’s perceptions.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the perception of general practitioners practicing in Tunis, in the private or public sector, concerning the prescription of BZDs.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among general practitioners in the private and public sectors practicing in Tunis during the study period (September and October 2021). It is based on the response to a questionnaire, which focused on the perception of prescribing BZD, via google forms distributed to members of the regional committee of the order of physicians.ResultsA total of 75 physicians participated in the study. The mean age was 47.75± 12,2 years, with 17,28 ± 11,8 years of clinical experience. Among the 75 participating physicians, 83% considered that patients on BZD patients had a better quality of sleep and 58% assert that patients on BZDs had restful sleep. 83% of participants agreed that BZDs were associated with fewer nocturnal awakenings 83% and 85% with a decrease in the feeling of irritability. 18% of the doctors think that the easiest way to manage a patient’s anxiety is to prescribe a BZD. 24 doctors believe that chronic use of BZDs is essential to control anxiety. patients’ anxiety. The number of years of practice is inversely correlated with the perception that the patient wakes up less at night (p= 0.059). Male gender correlates with the perception that it is acceptable to continue prescribing beyond the recommended duration as long as they are well tolerated (p=0.035).ConclusionsBZD prescription decision in general medicine is complex. This study participates in increasing our level of understanding of the reasons behind the long-term prescription of this molecule.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Relationship between elimination disorders and internalizing-externalizing problems in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aymerich C. , Pedruzo B. , Pacho M. , Laborda M. , Herrero J. , Bordenave M. , Salazar de Pablo G. , Sesma E. , Fernandez-Rivas A. , Catalan A. , González-Torres M. Á. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionElimination disorders (ED) include enuresis, defined as wetting from 5 years, and encopresis, defined as soiling from 4 years onwards after organic causes are excluded. They are highly prevalent in childhood and often associated with clinically relevant comorbid psychological disorders. However, no systematic review or meta-analysis examines their co-occurrence with internalizing and externalizing problems in children.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to determine if, and to what extent, children with ED show higher internalizing and externalizing problems than their healthy peers.MethodsA multistep literature search was performed from database inception until May 1st, 2022. PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42022303555) were used to identify studies reporting on internalizing and/or externalizing symptoms in children with an ED and a healthy control (HC) group. First, a systematic review was provided. Second, where data allowed for it, a quantitative meta-analysis using random effects model was conducted to analyze the differences between the ED and the HC groups for internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Effect size was standardized mean difference. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to examine the effect of sex, age, and study quality. Funnel plots were used to detect a publication bias. Where found, the trim and fill method was used to correct it.Results36 articles were included, 32 of them reporting on enuresis (n=3244; mean age=9.4; SD=3.4; 43.84% female) and 7 of them on encopresis (n=214; mean age=8.6; SD=2.3; 36.24% female) [Image 1]. The ED group presented significantly lower self-concept (ES:0.42; 95%CI: [0.08;9.76]; p=0.017) and higher symptom scores for thought problems (ES:-0.26; 95%CI: [-0.43;-0.09]; p=0.003), externalizing symptoms (ES:-0.20; 95%CI: [-0.37;-0.03]; p=0.020), attention problems (ES:-0.37; 95%CI: [-0.51;-0.22]; p=0.0001), aggressive behaviour (ES:-0.33; 95%CI: [-0.62;-0.04]; p=0.025) and social problems (ES: 0.39; 95%CI: [-0.58;-0.21]; p=0.0001) [Image 2]. Significant publication biases were found across several of the studied domains [Image 3]. No significant effect of sex, age or quality of the study score was found.Image:Image 2:Image 3:ConclusionsChildren with an elimination disorder may have significant internalizing and externalizing problems, as well as impaired self-concept. It is recommendable to screen for them in children with ED and provide interventions as appropriate.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Impacts of visual neurorehabilitation on autistic children
Authors: Marinho D. A. , Avejonas D. R. M. , Rhein L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionChildren with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have a qualitative deficit in social interaction that can be manifested by two of the following characteristics: a) deficits in the use of non-verbal behaviors, such as eye contact, facial expressions, body postures and gestures used to regulate the social interaction; b) inability to develop peer relationships in an adequate manner compatible with their level of development; c) absence of the spontaneous tendency to share emotions, interests and objects; d) lack of social and emotional reciprocity. Among these characteristics, we can mention the difficulty in establishing and maintaining eye contact as one of the points that make it more difficult to develop important skills for learning in general.ObjectivesThe present study aims to investigate the impacts of visual neurorehabilitation on autistic children.MethodsThe online questionnaire based on the emotional and functional development scale (FEDQ) of the DIR/Floortime model was distributed to parents and professionals as of October 15, 2022. To date, the Visual Contact Protocol has been applied to 34 children.ResultsThe protocol has been applied to 34 children so far.The collection suggests that when we favor the visual contact of the autistic, the motor, cognitive, linguistic, emotional and especially social learning prove to be facilitatedConclusionsDiscussionVision is the master of all the senses. When the child is born, his visual ability is very limited. As she grows functional visual skills (HVF) develop. When we talk about the autistic child, these abilities may not be well defined.The collection suggests that when we favor the visual contact of the autistic, the motor, cognitive, linguistic, emotional and especially social learning prove to be facilitated. When observing the children in speech therapy, a better engagement was verified during the execution of the activities suggested by the therapist. Vision is a learned process that adds meaning to what is seen. There is still a lot of research to be done, but by providing the possibility of visual screening to the autistic child, we give them the opportunity to explore the world, get to know and recognize the environments that surround them and consequently improve their learning.Keywords: autism, visual neurorehabilitation.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of prenatal maternal mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic on birth outcomes: A cohort study within the CONCEPTION cohort
Authors: Berard A. , Tchuente V. , Pages N. , Gorgui J. , Fareh T. , King S. , Elgbeili G. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionExternal natural events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can contribute to increased stress, depression and anxiety in pregnant persons. Thus far, studies on the impact of maternal mental health during the pandemic on perinatal outcomes have been conflicting.ObjectivesAssess the impact of prenatal mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic on preterm birth (PTB) and low birthweight (LBW).MethodsPregnant individuals, >18 years were recruited in Canada, their data were collected through a web-based questionnaire. Our analysis includes data on individuals recruited between 06/2020 and 08/2021, who completed questionnaires at baseline and 2-month post-partum. Data on maternal sociodemographic, comorbidities, medication, mental health measures (Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale, General Anxiety Disorder-7, stress), hardship (CONCEPTION study Assessment of Stress from COVID-19 –150 points), gestational age at delivery and birth weight were self-reported. PTB defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation. LBW defined as birth weight less than 2,500 grams.ResultsA total of 1,265 and 1,233 participants were included in the analyses of PTB and LBW, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found no differences between prenatal mental health and PTB ([depression [adjusted RR [aRR] 1.01, CI 95% 0.91 to 1.11], anxiety [aRR 1.04, CI 95% 0.93 to 1.17], stress [aRR 0.88, CI 95% 0.71 to 1.10], hardship [aRR 1.00, CI 95% 0.96 to 1.04]). However, we found that the risk of PTB was increased with ethnicity/race (aRR 3.85, CI 95% 1.35 to 11.00), obstetrician/gynecologist follow-up (aRR 2.77, CI 95% 1.12 to 6.83). We didn’t find any significant association between prenatal mental health and LBW. However, annual household income, previous delivery were associated with a decreased risk of LBW (aRR 0.15, CI 95% 0.05 to 0.49; aRR 0.39, CI 95% 0.20 to 0.77, respectively).ConclusionsConclusion: No association was found between prenatal mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic and the risk of PTB or LBW. However, it is imperative to continue the follow-up of mothers and their offspring in order to detect early any long-term health problems.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cross-cultural comparison of mental illness stigma : A Multinational Population-Based Study from 16 Arab Countries and 10,036 Individuals
Authors: Stambouli M. , Fekih Romdhane F. , Ghrissi F. , Jaoua A. , Ellini S. , Cheour M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAttitudes toward people with mental disorders in Arab countries have undergone huge transformations throughout history. Stigmatization of the mentally ill has been a long tradition in our communities. The public’s views have evolved since then, however, little is known about the current situation regarding mental illness stigma in our context.ObjectivesExplore attitudes towards mental illness and mental health knowledge in Arab countries.MethodsWe carried out a multinational cross-sectional study using online self-administered surveys in the Arabic language from June to November 2021 across 16 Arab countries.The Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill scale,the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule scale and the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form were administered to participants from the general public.ResultsThe study sample was predominantly female (77%), married (41%), educated (89% with tertiary education), living in urban areas (85%), with a mean age of 29.6 ± 10.8 years.Based on the CAMI, MAKS, and ATSPPH-SF total scores, 75th, 50th, and 25th percentile were considered as cut-off points for the high, medium, and low scores. We found that 26.5% exhibited stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental illnesses, 31.7% had poor knowledge, and 28.0% hold negative attitudes toward help-seeking. Regarding attitudes toward mental illness, the highest mean score was on the social restrictiveness subscale (35.1 ± 5.6), reflecting the lowest amounts of stigma in this dimension; while the lowest mean score was on the Authoritarianism subscale (32.0 ± 4.6).We found a significant difference between countries regarding attitudes (F=194.8, p<.001) and knowledge (F=88.7, p<.001).ConclusionsAlthough much scientific progress has been made in the fields of diagnosing and treating mental illness, at a societal level the stigmatization of mental illness is still an important societal problem. The general population is largely ignorant about mental disorders, and fear of the mentally ill remains prevalent.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
BDNF expression in brain regions of Anorexia Nervosa mouse model, a biomarker of diagnostic and prognostic?
Authors: Ramoz N. , Cao J. , Tezenas du Montcel C. , Tolle V. , Gorwood P. , Viltart O. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex mental disorder mainly characterized by a voluntary food restriction and excessive physical activity resulting in dramatic weight loss. Changes in the brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) have been reported in AN patients compared to controls. According to meta-analysis, functional variant rs6265 Val66Met of the BDNF gene has been found genetically associated to AN. We also reported an association of this functional variant and electrodermal response to images of thinness suggesting an association between rs6265 and a reward effect of weight loss in AN. In animal models, BDNF modulates negatively the central control of food intake and its injection in rodents induces weight loss and anorexia. Thus, besides its function on neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity and mood, BDNF was also reported to have a metabolic effect via both central nervous system and peripheral organs, which makes BDNF a good candidate for AN diagnosis biomarker.ObjectivesOur study investigates the levels of expression of Bdnf, gene and protein, taking advantage of the mouse AN-like model by measuring Bdnf levels in specific brain areas and blood in food-restricted and refeed animals.MethodsWe used a mouse AN-like model combining a phase of chronic food restriction (50%) during 15 days followed by an ad libitum refeeding period of one week. Female mice have or not access to a running with wheel to create a similar metabolic environment that those patients suffering from AN during restriction and recovery once hospitalised. The Bdnf mRNA and protein levels were measured in samples of blood and brain regions (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, dorsal striatum, nucleus Accumbens, ventral tegmental area and amygdala) using quantitative PCR and ELISA methods in the different groups of mice (ad libitum, ad libitum with wheel, food restriction and food restriction with wheel). Statistical analysis will compare the measures for different samples by one-way or two-way ANOVAs depending the group of animals or brain regions and blood.ResultsTo date, no difference of the level of transcription for Bdnf was observed between the different groups of mice (ad libitum, ad libitum with wheel, food restriction and food restriction with wheel) in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus. We expect significant differences of Bdnf expression in the other brain regions of interest for the food restricted animals with or without the wheel compared to ad libitum animals. We expect also differences in the level of expression of Bdnf in fasted animals compared to the refeed animals.ConclusionsThe BDNF could represent a potential biomarker of AN for the diagnostic and the prognosis in the evolution to the remission when weight recover and thus will allow a better understanding of the aetiology of AN. This study is supported by Fédération pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Divergent Mentalization Types in Adolescent Borderline Personality Disorder and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Akca O. F. , Wall K. , Sharp C. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) have several similarities and it is difficult to distinguish these disorders in adolescents.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the unique correlates of mentalization abilities that may distinguish these two disorders, and to investigate the mentalization abilities of adolescents with ADHD, BPD and ADHD+BPD in an inpatient sample (n=550) to determine the effect of co-morbidity on mentalization abilities.MethodsWe have explored the relationship between Child Eye Test (CET) scores, Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) subscales, and ADHD and BPD symptoms in adolescent inpatients. In addition, we compared ADHD, BPD and ADHD+BPD groups in terms of their mentalization abilities.ResultsCorrect MASC scores were negatively associated with both ADHD and BPD symptoms in girls, and negatively associated with ADHD symptoms in boys. In addition, hypermentalization scores were associated with BPD symptoms in girls, and hypomentalization and no mentalization scores were associated with ADHD symptoms in girls. CET scores were negatively associated with ADHD symptoms in girls, but no relations with BPD were found. Group comparisons revealed no significant difference among groups.ConclusionsWe found that while ADHD symptoms are related to hypomentalization, BPD symptoms are rather related to hypermentalization. We believe that these findings make significant contributions to literature aimed at understanding the differences between two disorders which have great commonalities in terms of clinical appearance and developmental course.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (German version, SCIP-G): Validation, dimensionality analysis and practical application in inpatient psychiatric treatment
Authors: Erfurth A. , Sachs G. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPsychiatric disorders are often characterised by cognitive impairment. The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP) was developed for routine screening of psychiatric patients and is available in several languages.ObjectivesUsing the German version (SCIP-G), 3 studies were conducted: 1. feasibility, reliability, and validity of the SCIP-G were investigated [Sachs et al. Schizophr. Res. Cogn. 2021: 25, 100197], 2. a confirmatory factor analysis was performed [Sachs et al. Schizophr. Res. Cogn. 2022: 29, 100259], and 3. patients with psychotic, bipolar affective, and depressive disorders were assessed before and after standard inpatient treatment including cognitive remediation.MethodsStudy 1 included patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective psychosis and thirty healthy controls matched for sex, age, and education. Data were collected at the Medical University of Vienna, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. In studies 2 and 3, patients from the Klinik Hietzing, 1st Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Vienna, Austria, were studied. In study 3, all patients received modern pharmacotherapy plus cognitive remediation using the COGPACK® software package version 6.06; based on the ICD-10 criteria for research, 54 patients received an F2 diagnosis (schizophrenia, schizotypal, and delusional disorders), 39 patients met criteria for bipolar disorder (F30 and F31), and 50 for depression (F32 and F33).ResultsIn Study 1, significant differences in cognitive performance were found between patients and healthy controls on both versions of the SCIP. The SCIP effectively discriminated between patients and the control group. In Study 2, a two-factor solution in which the Verbal Learning Test-Immediate Recall subtests, Delayed Recall Test of the VLT, and Working Memory Test loaded on the first factor and the Verbal Fluency Test and Psychomotor Speed Test subtests loaded on the second factor yielded good model fit (χ² = 6.7, df = 3, p = .08, χ²/df = 2.2). In Study 3, SCIP total score showed significant improvement after treatment in all three diagnostic groups (p < .001), with no statistically significant interaction between SCIP total score and diagnostic groups (p = .860).ConclusionsOur data indicate that the SCIP-G is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing cognitive impairment. Good model fit can be achieved with a two-factor solution for the SCIP. Our study is the first to perform a confirmatory factor analysis with the German SCIP version and to test its dimensional structure with a hypothesis-testing approach. Inpatient treatment consisting of pharmacotherapy and cognitive remediation improved cognitive deficits. This improvement in cognitive performance was observed to a similar extent in patients with psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder, and depression.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Optimizing the Correction of Depressive Disorders in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism
Authors: Pityk O. M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPopulation recent studies have shown that most patients with endocrine pathology suffer from at least one of the three DCPR syndromes: irritable mood, demoralization (despair), persistent somatization. The thyroid gland is a unique organ among the glands of internal secretion, in the pathology of which non-psychotic mental disorders are extremely common. Therefore, the use of a complex, integrative, systemic approach in the examination of patients with thyroid pathology should be the basis of planning the strategy and tactics of the treatment program for such patients.ObjectivesWe examined 132 patients with primary hypothyroidism.MethodsWe used psychopathological method and an adapted methodology for assessing typologies of psychological defence. It was the method of Robert Plutchik adapted by L.I.Wasserman, O.F.Eryshev, E.B.Klubova for assessment of the next mechanisms of defense: negation, projection, regression, displacement, repression, intellectualization, reactive formation, compensation.ResultsIn 108 patients, who made up 81.12% of the total number of investigated, various forms of non-psychotic mental disorders were detected, among which 23 patients (12.04%) had an anxiety-depressive syndrome, and astheno-depressive syndrome (32.41%).It was established that excessive compensation, projection, reactive formation formed a tendency to increased self-control, to analysis and introspection, self-justification, isolation, which in general influenced the structure of the astheno-depressive syndrome. Insufficient reactive formation, displacement, and excessive intellectualization in a complex contributed to the formation of subjective feelings of anxiety and fear in patients, led to the avoidance of problematic situations, unnatural slowness with behavioral manifestations of anxiety, therefore influenced the structuring of anxiety and depressive disorders at the same time. Thus, significant connections have been established between the intrapsychic level of functioning and the formation of astheno-depressive and anxiety-depressive disorders, which should be used in the planning of psychotherapeutic and psychocorrective measures.ConclusionsThis approach ensures that endocrinologists and general practitioners master the simplest skills for providing psychocorrective care to patients with depressive disorders. It includes the application of elements of rational psychotherapy, in order to form a sense of control over their own condition and the ability to master negative influences, which contributes to stabilization their general condition and improvement of the quality of life. So medical care to such patients should focus on early diagnosis and correction of nonpsychotic mental disorders. Both medications and psychological influences should be used in the treatment of such patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared