bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Van der Waals Heteroepitaxy of GaSe and InSe, Quantum Wells, and Superlattices
Authors: Claro Marcel S. , Martínez‐Pastor Juan P. , Molina‐Sánchez Alejandro , Hajraoui Khalil El , Grzonka Justyna , Adl Hamid Pashaei , Fuertes Marrón David , Ferreira Paulo J. , Bondarchuk Oleksandr , Sadewasser Sascha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBandgap engineering and quantum confinement in semiconductor heterostructures provide the means to fine‐tune material response to electromagnetic fields and light in a wide range of the spectrum. Nonetheless, forming semiconductor heterostructures on lattice‐mismatched substrates is a challenge for several decades, leading to restrictions for device integration and the lack of efficient devices in important wavelength bands. Here, it is shown that the van der Waals epitaxy of 2D GaSe and InSe heterostructures occur on substrates with substantially different lattice parameters, namely silicon and sapphire. The GaSe/InSe heteroepitaxy is applied in the growth of quantum wells and superlattices presenting photoluminescence and absorption related to interband transitions.
3D Printing of Arbitrary Perovskite Nanowire Heterostructures
Authors: Chen Mojun , Zhou Zhiwen , Hu Shiqi , Huang Nan , Lee Heekwon , Liu Yu , Yang Jihyuk , Huan Xiao , Xu Zhaoyi , Cao Sixi , Cheng Xiang , Wang Ting , Yu Siu Fung , Chan Barbara Pui , Tang Jinyao , Feng Shien‐Ping , Kim Ji Tae 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeterministic integration of arbitrary semiconductor heterostructures opens a new class of modern electronics and optoelectronics. However, the realization of such heterostructures continues to suffer from impracticality, requiring energy‐ and labor‐intensive, time‐consuming fabrication processes. Here a 3D printing approach to fabricate freestanding metal halide perovskite nanowire heterostructures with a high degree of control over shape and composition is demonstrated. These features arise from freeform guiding of evaporation‐driven perovskite crystallization by a femtoliter precursor meniscus formed on a printing nozzle. By using a double‐barreled nanopipette as a printing nozzle, “all‐at‐once” heterostructure fabrication is achieved within seconds. The 3D‐printed perovskite nanowire heterojunctions with multiple emission colors provide exciting optical functionalities such as programmable color mixing and encryption at the single nanopixel level. This “lithography‐free” additive approach opens up the possibility to freely design and realize heterostructure‐based devices without the constraints of traditional manufacturing processes.
A Novel InSe‐FET Biosensor based on Carrier‐Scattering Regulation Derived from the DNA Probe Assembly‐Determined Electrostatic Potential Distribution
Authors: Ji Hao , Wang Zhenhua , Wang Shun , Wang Chao , Chu Yujin , Liu Hong , Zhang Yu , Han Lin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLow‐dimensional material field‐effect transistor (FET)‐based biosensors have the advantages of high sensitivity, high detection speed, small size, low cost, and excellent compatibility with integrated circuits. The sensing mechanism is extremely important in the design and fabrication of high‐performance FET biosensors in practical applications. Herein, an InSe‐FET biosensor is designed and its dominant sensing mechanism during detection and (mi)RNA detection performance are investigated. Finite element analysis reveals the electrostatic potential distribution in the InSe channel with DNA probe assembly showing that Coulomb scattering is the dominant sensing mechanism for carrier scattering‐sensitive InSe. The simulation and experimental results indicate that carriers in InSe are extremely sensitive to the scattering of surface impurities because of their small electron mass. The firstly reported back‐gate bias working mode of an InSe‐FET biosensor has a linear relationship with an extra‐large detectable range of 1 fM–10 nM, high specificity for identifying 1‐nucleotide polymorphisms, and excellent repeatability and reusability. The detection of biomarker miRNAs in clinical serum samples and specific RNA in SARS‐CoV‐2 pseudovirus samples indicate promising applications of InSe‐FET biosensors in critical disease screening and the fast diagnoses of infectious diseases. This study can be useful for the design and fabrication of high‐performance FET biosensors.
Highly Nonstoichiometric YAG Ceramics with Modified Luminescence Properties
Authors: Cao Weiwei , Becerro Ana Isabel , Castaing Victor , Fang Xue , Florian Pierre , Fayon Franck , Zanghi Didier , Veron Emmanuel , Zandonà Alessio , Genevois Cécile , Pitcher Michael J. , Allix Mathieu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractY3Al5O12 (YAG) is a widely used phosphor host. Its optical properties are controlled by chemical substitution at its YO8 or AlO6/AlO4 sublattices, with emission wavelengths defined by rare‐earth and transition‐metal dopants that have been explored extensively. Nonstoichiometric compositions Y3+xAl5‐xO12 (x ≠ 0) may offer a route to new emission wavelengths by distributing dopants over two or more sublattices simultaneously, producing new local coordination environments for the activator ions. However, YAG typically behaves as a line phase, and such compositions are therefore challenging to synthesize. Here, a series of highly nonstoichiometric Y3+xAl5‐xO12 with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.40 is reported, corresponding to ≤20% of the AlO6 sublattice substituted by Y3+, synthesized by advanced melt‐quenching techniques. This impacts the up‐conversion luminescence of Yb3+/Er3+‐doped systems, whose yellow‐green emission differs from the red‐orange emission of their stoichiometric counterparts. In contrast, the YAG:Ce3+ system has a different structural response to nonstoichiometry and its down‐conversion emission is only weakly affected. Analogous highly nonstoichiometric systems should be obtainable for a range of garnet materials, demonstrated here by the synthesis of Gd3.2Al4.8O12 and Gd3.2Ga4.8O12. This opens pathways to property tuning by control of host stoichiometry, and the prospect of improved performance or new applications for garnet‐type materials.
Solubility‐Boosted Molecular Sieving‐Based Separation for Purification of Acetylene in Core–Shell IL@MOF Composites
Authors: Yang Jincai , Tong Minman , Han Guopeng , Chang Miao , Yan Tongan , Ying Yunpan , Yang Qingyuan , Liu Dahuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConsidering the small amount of CO2 as a contaminant in industrial gas mixtures, developing CO2‐selective adsorbents exhibit advantages in directly obtaining pure C2H2 in one‐step to reduce the energy consumption. However, it is still a great challenge due to the essential molecular feature of C2H2, including the triple bond and high polarizability. Herein, a simple but effective CO2‐facilitated transport strategy is presented to realize the overwhelming adsorption of CO2 over C2H2 by constructing core–shell composite structures using ionic liquid (IL) and metal‐organic framework (MOF). With the aid of excellent solubility of CO2 in IL and almost total exclusion of C2H2, the obtained materials boost molecular sieving‐based separation of CO2/C2H2. Density functional theory calculations combining molecular dynamic simulations revealed the solution‐diffusion mechanism for CO2, which is rarely reported in solid adsorbents. Ideal adsorbed solution theory selectivity for CO2/C2H2 with 1/1 and 1/3 volume ratios can reach over 104 and 4000 at 100 kPa with a high CO2 uptake of 40.3 cm3 g−1, superior to those of the reported materials so far. More importantly, this solution‐based separation strategy can avoid the difficulty for precise control of the regulation of adsorbent structure, which may be beneficial to practical production.
Intact Metal/Metal Halide van der Waals Junction Enables Reliable Memristive Switching with High Endurance
Authors: Lee Joo‐Hong , Yang June‐Mo , Kim So‐Yeon , Baek Sungpyo , Lee Sungjoo , Lee Sung‐Joon , Park Nam‐Gyu , Lee Jin‐Wook 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOrganic–inorganic or inorganic metal halide materials have emerged as a promising candidate for a resistive switching material owing to their ability to achieve low operating voltage, high on–off ratio, and multi‐level switching. However, the high switching variation, limited endurance, and poor reproducibility of the device hinder practical use of the memristors. In this study, a universal approach to address the issues using a van der Waals metal contact (vdWC) is reported. By transferring the pre‐deposited metal contact onto the active layers, an intact junction between the metal halide and contact layer is formed without unintended damage to the active layer caused by a conventional physical deposition process of the metal contacts. Compared with the thermally evaporated metal contact (EVC), the vdWC does not degrade the optoelectronic quality of the underlying layer to enable memristors with reduced switching variation, significantly enhanced endurance, and reproducibility relative to those based on the EVC. By adopting various metal halide active layers, versatile utility of the vdWC is demonstrated. Thus, this vdWC approach can be a useful platform technology for the development of high‐performance and reliable memristors for future computing.
A Tunable Polarization Field for Enhanced Performance of Flexible BaTiO3@TiO2 Nanofiber Photodetector by Suppressing Dark Current to pA Level
Authors: Su Li , Yan Tingting , Liu Xinya , Cao Fa , Fang Xiaosheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe flexible titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofibers (NFs) film are promising candidates for high‐performance wearable optoelectronic devices. However, the TiO2 ultraviolet photodetectors (UV PDs) generally suffer from low photosensitivity, which limits the practical applications. Herein, a TiO2 (TO) NFs film flexible photodetector integrated by ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BTO) NFs is developed via electrospinning technology with double sprinklers and in situ heat treatment. Compared with TO NFs PD with poor on/off ratio ≈44, the BTO@TO NFs PD‐2 exhibits an excellent on/off ratio of ≈1.5 × 104 due to the dramatically restrained dark current. The ultralow dark current (pA level) is attributed to the depletion of photogenerated carriers by the space high‐resistance state induced by the downward self‐polarization field in ferroelectric BaTiO3 NFs. The ferroelectric domain with larger downward orientation in polarized BTO@TO NFs exhibits stronger self‐polarization field to modify the directional transport of photogenerated carriers and enhances the band bending level, which improves the photocurrent of device. The special structure woven by ferroelectric nanofiber with self‐polarization will provide a promising approach for improving the performance of flexible photodetectors.
Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Yong Ryun , Sandberg Oskar J. , Zeiske Stefan , Burwell Gregory , Riley Drew B. , Meredith Paul , Armin Ardalan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPoly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been one of the most established hole transport layers (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs) for several decades. However, the presence of PSS− ions is known to deteriorate device performance via a number of mechanisms including diffusion to the HTL‐active layer interface and unwanted local chemical reactions. In this study, it is shown that PSS− ions can also result in local p‐doping in the high efficiency donor:non‐fullerene acceptor blends – resulting in photocurrent loss. To address these issues, a facile and effective approach is reported to improve the OSC performance through a two‐component hole transport layer (HTL) consisting of a self‐assembled monolayer of 2PACz ([2‐(9H‐Carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid) and PEDOT:PSS. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.1% using devices with PEDOT:PSS HTL improved to 17.7% when the PEDOT:PSS/2PACz two‐component HTL is used. The improved performance is attributed to the overlaid 2PACz layer preventing the formation of an intermixed p‐doped PSS− ion rich region (≈5–10 nm) at the bulk heterojunction‐HTL contact interface, resulting in decreased recombination losses and improved stability. Moreover, the 2PACz monolayer is also found to reduce electrical shunts that ultimately yield improved performance in large area devices with PCE enhanced from 12.3% to 13.3% in 1 cm2 cells.
Highly Damping and Self‐Healable Ionic Elastomer from Dynamic Phase Separation of Sticky Fluorinated Polymers
Authors: Xiang Huai , Li Xiaoxia , Wu Baohu , Sun Shengtong , Wu Peiyi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShock‐induced low‐frequency vibration damage is extremely harmful to bionic soft robots and machines that may incur the malfunction of fragile electronic elements. However, current skin‐like self‐healable ionic elastomers as the artificial sensing and protecting layer still lack the ability to dampen vibrations, due to their almost opposite design for molecular frictions to material's elasticity. Inspired by the two‐phase structure of adipose tissue (the natural damping skin layer), here, a highly damping ionic elastomer with energy‐dissipating nanophases embedded in an elastic matrix is introduced, which is formed by polymerization‐induced dynamic phase separation of sticky fluorinated copolymers in the presence of lithium salts. Such a supramolecular design decouples the elastic and damping functions into two distinct phases, and thus reconciles a few intriguing properties including ionic conductivity, high stretchability, softness, strain‐stiffening, elastic recovery, room‐temperature self‐healability, recyclability, and most importantly, record‐high damping capacity at the human motion frequency range (loss factor tan δ > 1 at 0.1–50 Hz). This study opens the door for the artificial syntheses of high‐performance damping ionic skins with robust sensing and protective applications in soft electronics and robotics.
Room Temperature Electronic Functionalization of Thermally Sensitive Substrates by Inkjet Printing of a Reactive Silver‐Based MOD Ink
Authors: Zhou Ye , Xu Zongpu , Bai Hao , Knapp Caroline E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe developments in inkjet printing technology and the printed electronics industry in the past two decades have provided cost‐effective, environment‐friendly, and reliable alternates to traditional methods of fabricating electrical devices. However, most commercial metallic inks require high sintering temperatures to form desired functional patterns, which limits the applications of printed electronics in scenarios that require electrical devices on thermally sensitive substrates, like biomaterials or bio‐synthetic composite materials. This study provides the synthetic route of a novel silver‐based metal organic decomposition (MOD) ink which is used to form highly conductive silver films on the thermally sensitive skin‐inspired silk/epoxy composite substrates by directly inkjet printing with accurate pattern control, whilst self‐decomposing and sintering at room temperature. The fabricated silver patterns on the thermally sensitive silk/epoxy composite substrate are highly conductive with conductivity of 4.65 × 104 S m−1. These silver patterns also show impressive malleability as bulk silver films, which can be further developed into motion sensors for wearable devices or medical applications. Our strategy provides a general platform for electronic functionalization without temperature constraints. The particle‐free, reactive silver‐precursor, and lower sintering temperature of the ink also widen the choices of substrates, as exemplified herein with outstanding printing quality and high electrical conductivity (1.20 × 106 S m−1) also achieve on paper.
Engineering Multi‐Scale Organization for Biotic and Organic Abiotic Electroactive Systems
Authors: Yao Ze‐Fan , Lundqvist Emil , Kuang Yuyao , Ardoña Herdeline Ann M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMulti‐scale organization of molecular and living components is one of the most critical parameters that regulate charge transport in electroactive systems—whether abiotic, biotic, or hybrid interfaces. In this article, an overview of the current state‐of‐the‐art for controlling molecular order, nanoscale assembly, microstructure domains, and macroscale architectures of electroactive organic interfaces used for biomedical applications is provided. Discussed herein are the leading strategies and challenges to date for engineering the multi‐scale organization of electroactive organic materials, including biomolecule‐based materials, synthetic conjugated molecules, polymers, and their biohybrid analogs. Importantly, this review provides a unique discussion on how the dependence of conduction phenomena on structural organization is observed for electroactive organic materials, as well as for their living counterparts in electrogenic tissues and biotic‐abiotic interfaces. Expansion of fabrication capabilities that enable higher resolution and throughput for the engineering of ordered, patterned, and architecture electroactive systems will significantly impact the future of bioelectronic technologies for medical devices, bioinspired harvesting platforms, and in vitro models of electroactive tissues. In summary, this article presents how ordering at multiple scales is important for modulating transport in both the electroactive organic, abiotic, and living components of bioelectronic systems.
Amorphous Heterostructure Derived from Divalent Manganese Borate for Ultrastable and Ultrafast Aqueous Zinc Ion Storage
Authors: Li Xixian , Ji Chenchen , Shen Jinke , Feng Jianze , Mi Hongyu , Xu Yongtai , Guo Fengjiao , Yan Xingbin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐manganese (Zn–Mn) batteries have promising potential in large‐scale energy storage applications since they are highly safe, environment‐friendly, and low‐cost. However, the practicality of Mn‐based materials is plagued by their structural collapse and uncertain energy storage mechanism upon cycling. Herein, this work designs an amorphous manganese borate (a‐MnBOx) material via disordered coordination to alleviate the above issues and improve the electrochemical performance of Zn–Mn batteries. The unique physicochemical characteristic of a‐MnBOx enables the inner a‐MnBOx to serve as a robust framework in the initial energy storage process. Additionally, the amorphous manganese dioxide, amorphous ZnxMnO(OH)2, and Zn4SO4(OH)6·4H2O active components form on the surface of a‐MnBOx during the charge/discharge process. The detailed in situ/ex situ characterization demonstrates that the heterostructure of the inner a‐MnBOx and surface multicomponent phases endows two energy storage modes (Zn2+/H+ intercalation/deintercalation process and reversible conversion mechanism between the ZnxMnO(OH)2 and Zn4SO4(OH)6·4H2O) phases). Therefore, the obtained Zn//a‐MnBOx battery exhibits a high specific capacity of 360.4 mAh g−1, a high energy density of 484.2 Wh kg−1, and impressive cycling stability (97.0% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles). This finding on a‐MnBOx with a dual‐energy storage mechanism provides new opportunities for developing high‐performance aqueous Zn–Mn batteries.
Bilayer Dense‐Porous Li7La3Zr2O12 Membranes for High‐Performance Li‐Garnet Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Zhang Huanyu , Okur Faruk , Cancellieri Claudia , Jeurgens Lars P. H. , Parrilli Annapaola , Karabay Dogan Tarik , Nesvadba Martin , Hwang Sunhyun , Neels Antonia , Kovalenko Maksym V. , Kravchyk Kostiantyn V. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLi dendrites form in Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) solid electrolytes due to intrinsic volume changes of Li and the appearance of voids at the Li metal/LLZO interface. Bilayer dense‐porous LLZO membranes make for a compelling solution of this pertinent challenge in the field of Li‐garnet solid‐state batteries (SSB). Lithium is thus stored in the pores of the LLZO, thereby avoiding i) dynamic changes of the anode volume and ii) the formation of voids during Li stripping due to increased surface area of the Li/LLZO interface. The dense layer then additionally reduces the probability of short circuits during cell charging. In this work, a method for producing such bilayer membranes utilizing sequential tape‐casting of porous and dense layers is reported. The minimum attainable thicknesses are 8–10 µm for dense and 32–35 µm for porous layers, enabling gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of Li‐garnet SSBs of 279 Wh kg−1 and 1003 Wh L−1, respectively. Bilayer LLZO membranes in symmetrical cell configuration exhibit high critical current density up to 6 mA cm−2 and cycling stability of over 160 cycles at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2 at an areal capacity limitation of 0.25 mAh cm−2.
Ideality Factor Mapping of Back‐Contact Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Rietwyk Kevin J. , Lin Xiongfeng , Tan Boer , Warnakula Tharindu , Holzhey Philippe , Zhao Boya , Deng Siqi , Surmiak Maciej A. , Jasieniak Jacek , Bach Udo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe efficiency of back‐contact perovskite solar cells has steadily increased over the past few years and now exceeds 11%, with interest in these devices shifting from proof‐of‐concept to viable technology. In order to make further improvements in the efficiency of these devices it is necessary to understand the cause of the low fill factor, low open‐circuit voltage (VOC), and severe hysteresis. Here a time‐dependent Suns‐Voc and Suns‐photoluminescence (PL) analysis are performed to monitor the transient ideality factor spatially. Two sets of quasi‐interdigitated back‐contact perovskite solar cells are studied; cells with and without a mesoporous TiO2 layer. Maps of the PL intensity and ideality factor resemble the periodic structure of the back‐contact electrodes and the transient behavior exhibit distinct features such as a temporary variation in the periodicity of the modulation, spatial phase shifting, and phase offsets. It is shown that the presence of the mesoporous layer greatly reduces recombination, increasing the VOC by 0.12 V. Coupled 2D time‐dependent drift‐diffusion simulations allow the experimental results to be modeled, and replicate the key features observed experimentally. They reveal that non‐uniform ion distribution along the transport layer interfaces can drastically alter the PL intensity and ideality factor throughout the device.
Ultrahigh‐Rate Zn Stripping and Plating by Capacitive Charge Carriers Enrichment Boosting Zn‐Based Energy Storage
Authors: Zhou Yurong , Xia Jiajia , Di Jiangtao , Sun Zhijian , Zhao Liming , Li Linge , Wu Yulong , Dong Lizhong , Wang Xiaona , Li Qingwen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractZn metal anodes, the key to aqueous zinc‐based energy storage, are plagued by dendrites and sluggish kinetics, which are closely related to the Zn plating process and restricted charge carriers exchange. Herein, a strategy of charge carriers enrichment during Zn plating by employing zincophilic carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on Zn electrodes for dendrite‐free Zn anodes under ultrahigh current density is reported. The CNTs enable an electric double layer to effectively facilitate the enrichment of charge carriers and the refinement of the electric field distribution at the CNTs–Zn interface, displaying unique advantages in enhancing Zn2+ transfer dynamics and planar Zn deposition. The extra capacitive interfacial process boosts Zn deposition kinetics to afford ultrahigh‐rate Zn plating and stripping by decreasing both electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization. As a consequence, reversible Zn stripping and plating at an ultrahigh current density of 50 mA cm−2 and a remarkable discharging depth of 97% are reached. Zn ion hybrid supercapacitors achieve stable cycling at 50 mA cm−2 for 10 000 cycles. This paper offers mechanistic insight for advanced Zn anodes supporting high‐rate charge/discharge with large capacities and enlightens the design of metal anodes.