bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors predictingBRCA1/2pathogenic variants in patients with ovarian cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Innella Giovanni , Godino Lea , Erini Giulia , De Leo Antonio , Santini Donatella , Perrone Anna Myriam , De Iaco Pierandrea , Zamagni Claudio , Turchetti Daniela 
Published: May 2023

AimTo provide accurate figures of the frequency of specific clinical features in ovarian cancer (OC) associated with germlineBRCA1/2pathogenic variants and to define their relevance in predicting the presence of a germline pathogenic variant in these genes.MethodsA systematic review of papers published from 1995 to February 2022 was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data from eligible papers were synthesised through meta-analysis.ResultsThirty-seven papers were reviewed, including a total of 12 886 patients with OC. AmongBRCAcarriers, 86.4% displayed serous type, 83.3% high grade (G3), 83.7% FIGO (The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage III/IV, 39.7% age at diagnosis ≤50 years and 18.1% personal breast cancer history, while the frequency of these features in non-carriers resulted significantly lower (p<0.001). The meta-analysis showed that the strongest predictor ofBRCA1/2pathogenic variants was a personal breast cancer history (OR 5.21, 95% CI 4.02 to 6.55, compared with no previous breast cancer), followed by high grade (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.97 to 3.10, compared with low/intermediate grade), serous histotype (OR 2.33, 95% CI 2.07 to 2.64, compared with other histotypes), advanced (III/IV) FIGO stage (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.67 to 2.15, compared with stage I/II) and age at diagnosis ≤50 years (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.42, compared with >50 years).ConclusionThe results of this meta-analysis provide data on features increasing the prior probability of findingBRCA1/2pathogenic variants that may prove helpful in counselling patients and prioritising testing.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021271815.
HER2/ERBB2 overexpression in advanced gallbladder carcinoma: comprehensive evaluation by immunocytochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridisation on fine-needle aspiration cytology samples
Authors: Verma Pragya , Gupta Parikshaa , Gupta Nalini , Srinivasan Radhika , Gupta Pankaj , Dutta Usha , Sharma Shelly , Uppal Radha , Nada Ritambhra , Lal Anupam 
Published: May 2023

AimsAdvanced gallbladder carcinoma (AGBC) carries a poor prognosis with dismal survival. There are no data regarding HER2/ERBB2 expression in AGBC. This study evaluated the overexpression of HER2/ERBB2 in cytological aspirates from AGBCs to identify potential patients for whom anti-HER2 targeted therapies can benefit.MethodsThis prospective, case–control study was performed on 50 primary AGBC cases. A detailed cytomorphological assessment, followed by immunocytochemistry (ICC) for HER2/ERBB2, was performed on AGBC cell blocks. A similar number of age-matched and gender-matched resected chronic cholecystitis specimens were included as controls. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was performed in equivocal cases.ResultsA total of 10 (20%) cases showed positive (3+), 19 (38%) equivocal (2+) expression and 21 (42%) were negative on HER2/ERBB2 ICC. None of the equivocal cases demonstrated HER2 amplification by FISH. Among the controls, none showed positive (3+) immunoexpression, 23 (46%) demonstrated equivocal expression and 27 (54%) were negative. On statistical analysis, HER2/ERBB2 overexpression was significantly associated with AGBC compared with the controls. Of all the clinical, radiological and cytomorphological parameters, the predominant papillary or acinar arrangements of the tumour cells were significantly associated with HER2/ERBB2 overexpression.ConclusionsThis is the first study to evaluate the expression of HER2/ERBB2 on cytological aspirates in AGBC using ICC and FISH. HER2/ERBB2 overexpression(20%) was significantly associated with AGBC. Furthermore, predominant papillary or acinar arrangements of tumour cells in the cytological smears were significantly associated with HER2/ERBB2 overexpression. They can serve as potential predictors of HER2/ERBB2 overexpression to select AGBC patients for anti-HER2 targeted therapies.
Polymorphisms in the Nonhomologous End-joining DNA Repair Pathway are Associated with HPV Integration in Cervical Dysplasia
Authors: Geris Jennifer M. , Amirian E. Susan , Marquez-Do Deborah A. , Guillaud Martial , Dillon Laura M. , Follen Michele , Scheurer Michael E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrevious evidence indicates that human papillomavirus (HPV) integration status may be associated with cervical cancer development and progression. However, host genetic variation within genes that may play important roles in the viral integration process is understudied. The aim of this study was to examine the association between HPV16 and HPV18 viral integration status and SNPs in nonhomologous-end-joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway genes on cervical dysplasia. Women enrolled in two large trials of optical technologies for cervical cancer detection and positive for HPV16 or HPV18 were selected for HPV integration analysis and genotyping. Associations between SNPs and cytology (normal, low-grade, or high-grade lesions) were evaluated. Among women with cervical dysplasia, polytomous logistic regression models were used to evaluate the effect of each SNP on viral integration status. Of the 710 women evaluated [149 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 251; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL, 310 normal)], 395 (55.6%) were positive for HPV16 and 192 (27%) were positive for HPV18. Tag-SNPs in 13 DNA repair genes, including RAD50, WRN, and XRCC4, were significantly associated with cervical dysplasia. HPV16 integration status was differential across cervical cytology, but overall, most participants had a mix of both episomal and integrated HPV16. Four tag-SNPs in the XRCC4 gene were found to be significantly associated with HPV16 integration status. Our findings indicate that host genetic variation in NHEJ DNA repair pathway genes, specifically XRCC4, are significantly associated with HPV integration, and that these genes may play an important role in determining cervical cancer development and progression.Prevention Relevance:HPV integration in premalignant lesions and is thought to be an important driver of carcinogenesis. However, it is unclear what factors promote integration. The use of targeted genotyping among women presenting with cervical dysplasia has the potential to be an effective tool in assessing the likelihood of progression to cancer.
Long‐Term High Level of Insulin Resistance Is Associated With an Increased Prevalence of Coronary Artery Calcification: The CARDIA Study
Authors: Ke Zezhi , Huang Rihua , Xu Xinghao , Liu Wenbin , Wang Suisui , Zhang Xu , Guo Ye , Zhuang Xiaodong , Zhen Liao 
Published: May 2023

Background
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a crucial indicator of subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The relationship between long‐term insulin resistance (IR) trajectory and CAC has been explored in few studies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether the long‐term IR time series of young adults are associated with the incidence of CAC in midlife.

Methods and Results

In a cohort study comprising 2777 participants from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study, the homeostasis model assessment for IR was used to measure IR levels, and group‐based trajectory modeling was used to fit three 25‐year homeostasis model assessments for IR trajectories. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between the 3 homeostasis model assessments for IR trajectories and CAC events at year 25. The results showed that among 2777 participants (mean age, 50.10±3.58 years; 56.2% women; 46.4% Black), there were 780 incident CAC events after a 25‐year follow‐up. After full adjustment, the prevalence of CAC was higher in the moderate‐ (odds ratio [OR], 1.40 [1.10–1.76]) and the high‐level homeostasis model assessments for IR trajectories (OR, 1.84 [1.21–2.78]) than in the low‐level trajectory. This association was observed in obese individuals despite the negative interaction between IR and different types of obesity (all
P
interactions >0.05).

Conclusions
Our study revealed that young adults with a higher level of IR were more likely to develop CAC in middle age. Furthermore, this association persisted in obese individuals. These findings highlight the importance of identifying subclinical cardiovascular risk factors and implementing primary prevention measures.
Diphilus’ Paralyomenos (P. Louvre 7733v, col. ii, 32-35): Reading the Evidence
Authors: Karamanou Ioanna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
P. Louvre 7733v is the only source to attest a comedy by Diphilus entitled Paralyomenos and fr. 59 K.-A. from this play. This article ventures a cautious interrogation of the available—albeit limited and thus unexplored—evidence, with the purpose of extracting as much material as possible that could shed light on this play’s dramatic circumstances. It is argued that the present participle in the title is suggestive of a possibly critical situation (discharge from military service or physical disability) occurring within the course or shortly before the opening of the plot. Given parallel dramatic situations, it could reasonably be inferred that the title-character’s peculiar position may have got him involved in circumstances producing comic effect. Moreover, the restoration of fr. 59 proposed in this article may provide clues to a dramatic crisis. Overall, a close reading of the evidence in conjunction with comic practice could give scope for mapping the material concerning Diphilus’ Paralyomenos onto the dramatic contexts of fourth-century comedy.
An Aristotelian Account of Religious Music in Strabo, 10.3
Authors: Segev Mor 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Strabo, in 10.3.7-23, presents an account of the music performed in initiation rites, according to which such music is used, naturally, to facilitate knowledge of divinity. I argue that, despite appearances, religious music, for Strabo, does not fulfill that function by reflecting the harmonious constitution of the cosmos—a Pythagorean-Platonic (and later, Stoic) idea that Strabo mentions but ultimately rejects. Instead, Strabo’s account is clearly influenced by Aristotelian theory, and it stresses the significance of the emotional effect (i.e., awe or astonishment) generated by religious music, which in turn is useful toward gaining knowledge of the gods, most probably because it motivates audiences to learn about them. Indeed, the affinity between Strabo’s text and Aristotle seems sufficient for Strabo’s 10.3.23, perhaps in addition to parts of 10.3.7 and 10.3.9, to count as Aristotelian ‘fragments.’
Epistemic Limitations & the Social-Guiding Function of Justice
Authors: Adams Matthew R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The contemporary methodological debate about justice has centered around a dispute about the value of so-called ideal theory. I argue that justice performs a social-guiding function, which explains how people should respond to their limited and fallible abilities to realize justice institutionally. My argument helps to re-orientate the contemporary methodological debate. The obvious disagreement between many prominent supporters and skeptics of ideal theory obscures the fact that they are united by a false assumption: the practical value of justice exclusively consists of its institution-guiding function. To capture the overlooked social-guiding function, a richer normative theory of justice is required; I show how such a theory can be supplied by “ideal-transitional” principles.
Identity Politics and the Decolonization of the Western Mind: The Intellectual Resilience of Alain de Benoist and the Nouvelle Droite
Authors: Spektorowski Alberto 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article argues that parallel to and accompanying the populist backlash tormenting Western democratic societies, a new discourse has emerged to compete with liberal pluralism, progressive multiculturalism, and the ideology of universal human rights. It is a discourse running contrary to the positions expected of the exclusionist right. Rather than originating in a vulgar national-populist reaction against liberal democracy and minority rights, this competing perspective comes from an almost paradoxical synthesis of prefascist ideas developed in the early 20th century and current pro-diversity and anticolonialist theories.
In attempting to understand this perplexing ideological conjuncture, it can help to follow the ideological evolution of the French writer and ideologue of the French and European new right, Alain de Benoist. The ideas he developed in the 1980s and 1990s, and expanded in recent years, have contributed to synthesizing an ideological trend that is becoming central in the current debate on the populist backlash in Western democratic societies – right-wing postcolonialism. While de Benoist was not alone in this, he was one of the first to introduce and weaponize the discourse of the Weimar Conservative Revolution as a theory of emancipation for both Western repressed identities as for Third-World ones.
Pleural Effusion and Malnutrition Are Associated With Worse Early Outcomes After Liver Transplant
Authors: Clouse Jared W. , Mangus Richard S. , Vega Carlos A. , Cabrales Arianna E. , Bush Weston J. , Clouse Isaac T. , Ekser Burcin , Mihaylov Plamen , Kubal Chandrashekhar A. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Pulmonary complications after liver transplantation (LT) have previously been associated with longer hospital stays and ventilator time, and higher mortality. This study reports the outcomes for a specific pulmonary complication, pleural effusion, in LT recipients. Methods Records from a single transplant center were analyzed retrospectively for all adult LT patients. Patients with documented pleural effusion by radiographic imaging within 30 days pre- or post-transplant were considered as cases. Outcomes included length of hospital stay, discharge disposition, hospital readmission, discharge with home oxygen, and 1-year survival. Results During the 4-year study period, 512 LTs were performed, with 107 patients (21%) developing a peri-transplant pleural effusion. In total, 49 patients (10%) had a pre-transplant effusion, 91 (18%) had a post-transplant effusion, and 32 (6%) had both. Characteristics associated with the presence of any pleural effusion included an increasing model for end-stage liver disease score, re-transplantation, diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease, low protein levels, and sarcopenia. Effusion patients had longer hospital stays (17 vs 9 days, P < .001) and higher likelihood of discharge to a care facility (48% vs 21%, P < .001). Ninety-day readmission occurred in 69% of effusion patients (vs 44%, P < .001). One-year patient survival with any effusion was 86% (vs 94%, P < .01). Conclusions Overall, 21% of recipients developed a clinically significant peri-transplant pleural effusion. Pleural effusion was associated with worse outcomes for all clinical measures. Risk factors for the development of pleural effusion included higher MELD score (>20), re-transplantation, alcoholic liver disease, and poor nutrition status, including poor muscle mass.
Dialectical Core Schemas Mediate the Relationships Between Dissociative Experiences and Symptomatology in a Community Sample
Authors: Faustino Bruno , Pilkington Pamela , Pascoal Patrícia M. 
Published: May 2023

Background Maladaptive cognitions about the self and others are associated with a wide array of dysfunctional responses and psychopathological symptoms in non-clinical and clinical samples. Dissociative experiences (e.g., depersonalization and derealization) as a coping response to stressful situations lie on a continuum from healthy to unhealthy but are generally elevated in individuals experiencing mental illness. However, the extent to which Dialectical Core Schemas explain the relationship between dissociative experiences and symptomatology is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of Dialectical Core Schemas on the relationship between dissociative experiences and symptomatology. Methods A community sample of 179 participants were recruited ( M age = 21.2 years, SD = 8.2). Data were gathered through self-report questionnaires using a cross-sectional design. Results Maladaptive core schemas about self and others correlated positively with all dissociative experiences (e.g., depersonalization/derealization, amnesia), while adaptive core schemas about the self correlated negatively with depersonalization/derealization and distractibility. Maladaptive core schemas mediated the relationship between dissociative experiences and symptomatology. Conclusions The relationships between dissociative experiences and symptomatology are bi-directional. Exploring the mediating factors may help clinicians and researchers better understand how to enhance case conceptualization and clinical decision-making.
Influence of climate on semen quality: A retrospective study
Authors: Padmanabhan Skandhan , Skandhan Avni KP , Sundaram Karimassery Ramaiyer , Ravindran Greeshma C , Prasad Buduru Sreenivasa 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: World over studies are being done by different group of workers to understand the time of deliveries conducted. Surprisingly majority of deliveries were following a pattern, seasonally. Today in this busy world, couples choose comparatively a free time for delivery and preparation for conception is done accordingly. Apart from these, it is clearly shown majority of deliveries are conducted during a particular season. We hypothesised that the change in semen quality during different seasons is responsible for this phenomenon. Materials and methods: Present study conducted on semen quality included 12,408 semen samples collected from different laboratories of Bangalore city during 8 years (2000–2007) period of time and were analysed season wise. Results: Results showed sperm concentration was significantly lower in monsoon than in winter season. Humidity and pressure influenced sperm count. Forward moving sperms were influenced by temperature and pressure. Summary: The study concludes the change in birth rates seen during different season in a year is due to the quality of semen responsible for conception.
An Evaluation into Procalcitonin Levels in Full-Term Neonates Managed for Suspected Early Onset Sepsis due to Probable Maternal Intrapartum Sepsis
Authors: Walker Sarah , Harding Irasha , Soomro Kamran , Bamber Andrew R. , Liebling Rachel E. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose To investigate procalcitonin (PCT) levels in full-term neonates managed for suspected early onset sepsis (EOS) due to probable maternal intrapartum sepsis. Methods Prospective longitudinal observational study at University Hospitals of Bristol NHS Foundation trust. Included were a total of 117 neonates managed for suspected EOS from June to October 2020. In addition to routine full-blood-counts and c-reactive protein (CRP) tests, serum PCT levels were also measured as part of the septic screen and follow-up blood tests. Placentas were sent for histopathology analysis. Neonatal parameters were used to categorize cases into: “high-suspicion bacterial sepsis (BS),” “equivocal BS” and “low-suspicion BS.” Statistical test Kruskal-Wallis compared categories with biomarker values and placental histopathology scores. Results A higher percentage of PCT levels showed elevation in comparison to CRP levels in the initial testing (55.3% versus 5.9%) and follow-up testing (98.9% versus 35%). There was a significant difference between the “low-suspicion BS” and “high-suspicion BS” categories for both the initial and follow-up PCT results. 71.2% of placentas showed varying degrees of chorioamnionitis. Conclusion This study provides evidence to the physiological rise in PCT during the first few days of life. The significant difference in PCT levels according to clinical severity shows that PCT could be utilized in calculating odds for EOS, but as a standalone test will have limited use.
Maximising Undergraduate Medical Radiation Students’ Learning Experiences Using Cloud-Based Computed Tomography (CT) Software
Authors: Chau Minh , Arruzza Elio Stefan 
Published: May 2023

Background Simulation-based learning is a crucial educational tool for disciplines involving work-integrated learning and clinical practice. Though its uptake is becoming increasingly common in a range of fields, this uptake is less profound in diagnostic radiography and computed tomography. Aim This study explored whether CT simulator software may be a viable option to facilitate the development of practical clinical skills in an effective, safe and supported environment. Methods A cross-sectional mixed methods design was employed. Students in their third year of study undertook formal simulation CT learning using the Siemens SmartSimulator, prior to a six-week off-campus clinical experience. A pre- (n = 42, response rate = 39%) and post-clinical placement Likert scale survey was completed (n = 21, retention rate = 50%), as well as focus group interviews to gather qualitative data (n = 21). Thematic analysis was employed to explore how the simulator developed students’ knowledge of CT concepts and preparedness for clinical placement. Results Survey scores were high, particularly in terms of satisfaction and relevancy. Focus groups drew attention to the software’s capacity to build on foundational principles, prepare students for placement and closely emulate the clinical environment. Students highlighted the need for continual guidance and clinical relevance and maintained that interactive simulation was inferior to real-world clinical placement. Conclusion The integration of CT simulator software has the potential to increase knowledge, confidence, and student preparation for the clinical environment.