bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genesis of the Yangjiakuang gold deposit, Jiaodong peninsula, China: Constraints from S-He-Ar-Pb isotopes, and Sm-Nd and U-Pb geochronology
Authors: Li Jun-Jian , Dang Zhi-Cai , Fu Chao , Zhang Peng-Peng , Tian Jie-Peng , He Jiang-Tao 
Published: January 2023

Located in the Penglai-Qixia-Fushan Gold Belt, the Yangjiakuang gold deposit formed in the marble of the Paleoproterozoic Fenzishan Group is different from the previous altered rock-type gold deposits whose host gold-bearing rocks are Archean gneiss and Mesozoic granite. Two gold orebodies have been explored within the Yangjiakuang gold deposit, and both of them were controlled by the Yangjiakuang syncline. Three ore-forming stages have been recognized, including the pyrite-sericite stage (I), the gold, polymetallic sulfide, and quartz stage (II), and quartz-calcite stage (III). The calcites, which represent the main metallogenic stage (II) at Yangjiakuang gold deposit, yielded a Sm-Nd isochron age of 123.5 ± 8.1 Ma (MSWD = 0.042). Subsequent geologic events were recorded by quartz diorite porphyrite dyke which are dated at 122.75 ± 0.66 Ma (MSWD = 1.5) by zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating. It is suggested that the gold mineralization took place in the early period of Early Cretaceous. The in situ δ34S values of pyrites from two stages have a narrow range from + 5.65 to + 9.63‰ with an average value of 8.14‰, which indicate that the source of δ34S is related to the Guojialing granite and the Fenzishan Group. The lead isotopic compositions of pyrites (206Pb/204Pb = 16.615 to 16.832; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.275 to 15.403; 208Pb/204Pb = 36.829–37.470) show a consistent origin of the lower crust. The measured 3He/4He (40Ar/36Ar) of hydrothermal fluids in pyrites are 0.641–1.132 Ra (637.5–1162.7), indicating that the ore-forming fluid originating from a mixing of crustal and mantle components. It is suggested that the gold mineralization is associated with extensional tectonic inversion caused by the rollback of the subducting Izanagi Plate during the early Cretaceous, which triggered partial melting of mantle and lower crust, and subsequent magma mixing and exsolution of ore-bearing fluids. These fluids extracted ore-forming materials from the enclosing rocks of the Jiaodong Group, the Fenzishan Group, and the Guojialing granite to form the ore-forming fluids.
Towards the construction of representative regional hydro(geo)logical numerical models: Modelling the upper Danube basin as a starting point
Authors: Pujades Estanislao , Kumar Rohini , Houben Timo , Jing Miao , Rakovec Oldrich , Kalbacher Thomas , Attinger Sabine 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Pressure on groundwater resources is increasing rapidly by population growth and climate change effects. Thus, it is urgent to quantify their availability and determine their dynamics at a global scale to assess the impacts of climate change or anthropogenically induced pressure, and to support water management strategies. In this context, regional hydrogeological numerical models become essential to simulate the behavior of groundwater resources. However, the construction of global hydrogeological models faces a lot of challenges that affect their accuracy.Methods: In this work, using the German portion of the Upper Danube Basin (∼43,000 km2) we outline common challenges encountered in parameterizing a regional-scale groundwater model, and provide an innovative approach to efficiently tackle such challenges. The hydrogeological model of the Danube consists of the groundwater finite element code OpenGeoSys forced by the groundwater recharge of the surface hydrological model mHM.Results: The main novelties of the suggested approach are 1) the use of spectral analyses of the river baseflow and a steady state calibration taking as reference the topography to constraint the hydraulic parameters and facilitate the calibration process, and 2) the calibration of the hydraulic parameters for a transient state model by considering parameters derived from the piezometric head evolution.Discussion/conclusion: The results show that the proposed methodology is useful to build a reliable large-scale groundwater model. Finally, the suggested approach is compared with the standard one used by other authors for the construction of global models. The comparison shows that the proposed approach allows for obtaining more reliable results, especially in mountainous areas.
Novel nutraceutical supplements with yeast β-glucan, prebiotics, minerals, and Silybum marianum (silymarin) ameliorate obesity-related metabolic and clinical parameters: A double-blind randomized trial
Authors: Nehmi-Filho Victor , Santamarina Aline Boveto , de Freitas Jéssica Alves , Trarbach Ericka Barbosa , de Oliveira Daniela Rodrigues , Palace-Berl Fanny , de Souza Erica , de Miranda Danielle Araujo , Escamilla-Garcia Antonio , Otoch José Pinhata , Pessoa Ana Flávia Marçal 
Published: January 2023

PurposeIt is known that obesity has a multifactorial etiology that involves genetic and environmental factors. The WHO estimates the worldwide prevalence of 1.9 billion overweight adults and more than 650 million people with obesity. These alarming data highlight the high and growing prevalence of obesity and represent a risk factor for the development and aggravation of other chronic diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that is frequently considered the hepatic outcome of type 2 diabetes. The use of non-pharmacological therapies such as food supplements, nutraceuticals, and natural integrative therapies has grown as an alternative tool for obesity-related diseases compared to conventional medications. However, it is a still little explored research field and lacks scientific evidence of therapeutic effectiveness. Considering this, the aim is to evaluate whether a new nutraceutical supplement composition can improve and supply essential mineral nutrients, providing an improvement of obesity-related metabolic and endocrine parameters.MethodsSedentary volunteers (women and men) with body mass index (BMI) ≤34.9 kg/m2 were divided into two groups: Novel Nutraceutical Supplement_(S) (n = 30) and Novel Nutraceutical Supplement (n = 29), differing in the absence (S) or presence of silymarin, respectively. Volunteers were instructed to take two capsules in the morning and two capsules in the evening. No nutritional intervention was performed during the study period. The data (anthropometrics and anamneses) and harvest blood (biochemistry and hormonal exams) were collected at three different time points: baseline time [day 0 (T0)], day 90 (T90), and day 180 (T180) post-supplementation.ResultsIn the anthropometric analysis, the waist circumference in middle abdomen (WC-mid) and waist circumference in iliac crest (WC-IC) were reduced. Also, the waist-to-height ratio (WHt R) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) seem to slightly decrease alongside the supplementation period with both nutraceutical supplements tested as well as transaminase enzyme ratio [aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR)], a known as a biomarker of NAFLD, and endocrine hormones cortisol and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at 90 and 180 days post-supplementation.ConclusionsIn a condition associated with sedentary and no nutritional intervention, the new nutraceutical supplement composition demonstrated the ability to be a strong and newfangled tool to improve important biomarkers associated with obesity and its comorbidities.
The association between serum complement C3a and severity in patients with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Xu Zheng , Hou Xue-Feng , Feng Chun-Mei , Zheng Ling , Xu De-Xiang , Zhao Hui , Fu Lin 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundA few studies found that the complement system may be involved in the onset and progression of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, the role of the complement system in CAP was obscure. The goal of this study was to analyze the association of serum complement C3a with CAP severity scores based on a cross-sectional study.MethodsAll 190 CAP patients and 95 control subjects were enrolled. Demographic information and clinical data were extracted. Peripheral blood samples were collected on admission.ResultsSerum complement C3a on admission was elevated in CAP patients compared with healthy subjects. The level of complement C3a was gradually elevated in parallel with CAP severity scores (CURB-65, CRB-65, PSI, SMART-COP, and CURXO). Complement C3a was positively correlated with blood routine parameters, renal function markers, and inflammatory cytokines in CAP patients. Furthermore, multivariate linear and logistic regression models found that serum complement C3a on admission was positively associated with CAP severity scores. Mechanistic research suggested that complement system inhibition alleviated Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced upregulation of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP in MLE-12 cells.ConclusionsSerum complement C3a on admission is positively associated with the severity of CAP patients. Inhibiting complement system attenuates S. pneumoniae-elevated secretion of inflammatory cytokines in pulmonary epithelial cells, indicating that complement C3a is involved in the pathophysiology of CAP. Serum complement C3a may serve as an earlier diagnostic biomarker for CAP.
Follicle-like tertiary lymphoid structures: A potential biomarker for prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liang Haifeng , Zhang Zhigang , Guan Zhong , Zheng Shibie , Lou Jintao , Liu Wei , Cai Qian , Si Yu 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe maturity and spatial distribution of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) vary dynamically within and between cancers, leading to a controversial role in cancer. We aimed to develop a simple morphology-based approach to identify the maturity of TLSs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and examine their clinically relevant functional role.MethodsTLSs were identified based on morphological features via hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining, and the accuracy was verified by multi-immunohistochemical analysis. The density, maturity, spatial distribution and prognostic value of TLSs were separately analyzed in two human laryngeal cancer cohorts. The TLS profile was linked to RNA-seq data from the TCGA database to perform bioinformatics analysis.ResultsTLSs can be classified as early TLSs (E-TLSs), primary follicle-like TLSs (PFL-TLSs) and secondary follicle-like TLSs (SFL-TLSs). The three types of TLSs showed higher infiltration in the extratumoral region. XCL2 is a vital chemokine in the maturation and infiltration of TLSs. FL-TLS was an independent positive prognostic indicator in laryngeal cancer. The FL-TLS group had more abundant immune cell infiltration and a better response to immunotherapies than the non-FL-TLS group. Functional analysis showed that the non-FL-TLS group was enriched in tumor invasion, metastasis and immunosuppression pathways.ConclusionThe maturity of TLSs can be accurately classified by H&amp;E staining. FL-TLS is a potential mediator of antitumor immunity in human laryngeal cancer.
Hepcidin and ferritin levels as markers of immune cell activation during septic shock, severe COVID-19 and sterile inflammation
Authors: Hortová-Kohoutková Marcela , Skotáková Monika , Onyango Isaac G. , Slezáková Miriam , Panovský Roman , Opatřil Lukáš , Slanina Peter , De Zuani Marco , Mrkva Ondřej , Andrejčinová Ivana , Lázničková Petra , Dvončová Martina , Mýtniková Alexandra , Ostland Vaughn , Šitina Michal , Stokin Gorazd B. , Šrámek Vladimír , Vlková Marcela , Helán Martin , Frič Jan 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionMajor clinically relevant inflammatory events such as septic shock and severe COVID-19 trigger dynamic changes in the host immune system, presenting promising candidates for new biomarkers to improve precision diagnostics and patient stratification. Hepcidin, a master regulator of iron metabolism, has been intensively studied in many pathologies associated with immune system activation, however these data have never been compared to other clinical settings. Thus, we aimed to reveal the dynamics of iron regulation in various clinical settings and to determine the suitability of hepcidin and/or ferritin levels as biomarkers of inflammatory disease severity.CohortsTo investigate the overall predictive ability of hepcidin and ferritin, we enrolled the patients suffering with three different diagnoses – in detail 40 patients with COVID-19, 29 patients in septic shock and eight orthopedic patients who were compared to nine healthy donors and all cohorts to each other.ResultsWe showed that increased hepcidin levels reflect overall immune cell activation driven by intrinsic stimuli, without requiring direct involvement of infection vectors. Contrary to hepcidin, ferritin levels were more strongly boosted by pathogen-induced inflammation – in septic shock more than four-fold and in COVID-19 six-fold in comparison to sterile inflammation. We also defined the predictive capacity of hepcidin-to-ferritin ratio with AUC=0.79 and P = 0.03.DiscussionOur findings confirm that hepcidin is a potent marker of septic shock and other acute inflammation-associated pathologies and demonstrate the utility of the hepcidin-to-ferritin ratio as a predictor of mortality in septic shock, but not in COVID-19.
High aspect ratio nanomaterial-induced macrophage polarization is mediated by changes in miRNA levels
Authors: Erdem Johanna Samulin , Závodná Táňa , Ervik Torunn K. , Skare Øivind , Hron Tomáš , Anmarkrud Kristine H. , Kuśnierczyk Anna , Catalán Julia , Ellingsen Dag G. , Topinka Jan , Zienolddiny-Narui Shan 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionInhalation of nanomaterials may induce inflammation in the lung which if left unresolved can manifest in pulmonary fibrosis. In these processes, alveolar macrophages have an essential role and timely modulation of the macrophage phenotype is imperative in the onset and resolution of inflammatory responses. This study aimed to investigate, the immunomodulating properties of two industrially relevant high aspect ratio nanomaterials, namely nanocellulose and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), in an alveolar macrophage model. MethodsMH-S alveolar macrophages were exposed at air-liquid interface to cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and two MWCNT (NM-400 and NM-401). Following exposure, changes in macrophage polarization markers and secretion of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Furthermore, the potential contribution of epigenetic regulation in nanomaterial-induced macrophage polarization was investigated by assessing changes in epigenetic regulatory enzymes, miRNAs, and rRNA modifications.ResultsOur data illustrate that the investigated nanomaterials trigger phenotypic changes in alveolar macrophages, where CNF exposure leads to enhanced M1 phenotype and MWCNT promotes M2 phenotype. Furthermore, MWCNT exposure induced more prominent epigenetic regulatory events with changes in the expression of histone modification and DNA methylation enzymes as well as in miRNA transcript levels. MWCNT-enhanced changes in the macrophage phenotype were correlated with prominent downregulation of the histone methyltransferases Kmt2a and Smyd5 and histone deacetylases Hdac4, Hdac9 and Sirt1 indicating that both histone methylation and acetylation events may be critical in the Th2 responses to MWCNT. Furthermore, MWCNT as well as CNF exposure led to altered miRNA levels, where miR-155-5p, miR-16-1-3p, miR-25-3p, and miR-27a-5p were significantly regulated by both materials. PANTHER pathway analysis of the identified miRNA targets showed that both materials affected growth factor (PDGF, EGF and FGF), Ras/MAPKs, CCKR, GnRH-R, integrin, and endothelin signaling pathways. These pathways are important in inflammation or in the activation, polarization, migration, and regulation of phagocytic capacity of macrophages. In addition, pathways involved in interleukin, WNT and TGFB signaling were highly enriched following MWCNT exposure.ConclusionTogether, these data support the importance of macrophage phenotypic changes in the onset and resolution of inflammation and identify epigenetic patterns in macrophages which may be critical in nanomaterial-induced inflammation and fibrosis.
Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) affects the histology and antioxidant capability of the clam Cyclina sinensis
Authors: Liu Meimei , Fan Sishao , Rong Zhichao , Qiu Hao , Yan Susu , Ni Hongwei , Dong Zhiguo 
Published: January 2023

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmentally persistent and highly toxic organochlorine compounds that may cause toxic effects on aquatic animals. In this study we assess the toxic effect of PCBs on a bivalve used in aquaculture, the clam Cyclina sinensis. To this end, individuals of C. sinensis were exposed for 72 h at two PCB concentrations (1 ng/L and 10 ng/L) and control (absence of PCBs). At the end of the exposure, the hemolymph, hepatopancreas, and gills samples of C. sinensis were harvested for analysis of the enzyme activity and histology. The results showed that acute PCBs exposure decreased the survival rate of C. sinensis compared to the control. Acute PCBs exposure up-regulated the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hemolymph of C. sinensis, while down-regulated the non-specific enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP). For the hepatopancreas, 1 ng/L PCBs exposure up-regulated the enzymatic activity of SOD while down-regulated the enzymatic activity of CAT of C. sinensis. In the gill, the enzymatic activity of CAT decreased significantly and the MDA content increased of C. sinensis after 10 ng/L PCBs exposure. Moreover, histological observations showed that acute exposure to PCBs caused loss of gill filaments and lateral cilia and shortening of their length, in the studied organism. The present study will provide valuable reference data for marine shellfish aquaculture and toxicology research.
Galaxy ASIST: A web-based platform for mapping and assessment of global standards of antimicrobial susceptibility: A case study in Acinetobacter baumannii genomes
Authors: Sharma Tina , Kumar Rakesh , Kalra Jasmeer Singh , Singh Shreya , Bhalla Gurpreet Singh , Bhardwaj Anshu 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionAntimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is used to determine the susceptibility of an organism to antibiotics. The determination of susceptibility is based on MIC breakpoints and is provided by EUCAST and CLSI. Likewise, phenotypic classification criteria developed by CDC/ECDC are used for the classification of pathogens into susceptible, multidrug-resistant, extremely drug-resistant, or totally drug-resistant categories. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based diagnosis is now supplementing existing gold-standard microbiology methods for rapid and more precise AST, and therefore, EUCAST recommended quality criteria to assess whole-genome sequence for reporting the same. In this study, these three global standards, MIC breakpoints, phenotypic classification, and genome quality, are applied to the largest publicly available data for Acinetobacter baumannii (AB), the most critical priority pathogen identified by WHO.Materials and MethodsThe drug sensitivity profile and genomes for isolates of AB were obtained from PATRIC and evaluated with respect to AST standards (CLSI and EUCAST). Whole genome quality assessment and antimicrobial resistance mapping is performed with QUAST and ABRicate, respectively. Four in-house methods are developed for mapping standards and are integrated into a Galaxy workflow based system, Galaxy-ASIST. Analysis of the extent of agreement between CLSI 2022 and EUCAST 2022 for antibiotics was carried out using Cohen’s kappa statistics.Results and DiscussionAn automated pipeline, Galaxy-ASIST, is designed and developed for the characterization of clinical isolates based on these standards. Evaluation of over 6,500 AB strains using Galaxy-ASIST indicated that only 10% of the publicly available datasets have metadata to implement these standards. Furthermore, given that CLSI and EUCAST have different MIC breakpoints, discrepancies are observed in the classification of resistant and susceptible isolates following these standards. It is, therefore, imperative that platforms are developed that allow the evaluation of ever increasing phenotypic and genome sequence datasets for AST. Galaxy-ASIST offers a centralized repository and a structured metadata architecture to provide a single globally acceptable framework for AST profiling of clinical isolates based on global standards. The platform also offers subsequent fine mapping of antimicrobial-resistant determinants. Galaxy-ASIST is freely available at https://ab-openlab.csir.res.in/asist.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, β2-microglobulin, hemoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase can predict early grade ≥ 3 infection in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A real-world multicenter study
Authors: Lu Xinyi , Liu Wenhua , Zhang Lan , Chen Xinyue , Yang Liping , Yao Qiong , Zhao Jie , He Shaolong , Wei Jia , Tian Weiwei 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThis research explored the clinical application of grade ≥ 3 infection predictive models for the newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) population.MethodsIt evaluated 306 patients with NDMM based on three different predictive models. The relationship between the grade ≥ 3 infection rates in NDMM and the scores was analyzed retrospectively. The cumulative incidence of early grade ≥ 3 infection was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test to assess the statistical significance of the difference. To compare the predictive performance in the prediction of infection, the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) curve was used to show the area under the curve (AUC), and DeLong’s test was used to analyze the difference in AUC.ResultsThe incidence of grade ≥ 3 infection within the first 4 months of NDMM was 40.20%. Concerning the FIRST score (predictors: ECOG, β2-microglobulin, hemoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase), GEM-PETHEMA score (predictors: albumin, male sex, ECOG, and non-IgA type MM), and Infection Risk model of Multiple Myeloma (IRMM) score (predictors: ECOG, serum β2-microglobulin, globulin, and hemoglobin), the probability of early grade ≥ 3 infection in the different groups showed statistically significant differences (low-risk vs. high-risk: 25.81% vs. 50.00%, p &lt; 0.001; low-risk vs. moderate-risk vs. high-risk: 35.93% vs. 41.28% vs. 60.00%, p= 0.045; low-risk vs. moderate-risk vs. high-risk: 20.00% vs. 43.75% vs. 52.04%, p &lt; 0.001). Statistical differences existed in the probability of early grade ≥ 3 infection among the different groups by the FIRST and IRMM scores but no statistical differences in the GEM-PETHEMA score (p &lt; 0.001, p&lt; 0.001, and p = 0.090, respectively). The FIRST score showed good discrimination and simple calculation with highest AUC. Further subgroup analysis showed that the FIRST score could still apply for patients treated with bortezomib-based regimen and frail patients.DiscussionOur findings indicate that the FIRST score (consisting of ECOG, β2-microglobulin, hemoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase) is a simple and robust infection stratification tool for patients with NDMM and could be used in routine clinical work.