bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated testis transcriptome and whole genome analysis of sexual maturity in Large White and Tongcheng pigs
Authors: Li Xiu‐Ling , Wu Qingqing , Wang Tengfei , Zhang Lingyan , Wu Xianmeng , Zhang Yu , Liang Wan , Du Xiaoyong , Liu Xiao‐Lei , Zhou Xiang , Liu Bang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTesticular development and spermatogenesis play critical roles in male fertility and sexual maturation. To explore the genetic basis and key genes related to sexual maturity, we measured serum testosterone content and analysed testis tissue sections of Large White (LW) and Tongcheng (TC) boars at an immature age. We then screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in testis development in both breeds using RNA‐seq. Finally, we analysed the selection signatures of both breeds to investigate which DEGs were subjected to positive selection. Our findings showed that serum testosterone contents in TC pigs (~4 ng/mL) were much higher than those in LW pigs (<0.95 ng/mL). Haematoxylin and eosin staining of testicular sections showed that the cross‐sectional areas and perimeters of the seminiferous tubules in TC testes were larger and longer than those in LW pigs. A total of 5068 DEGs were selected by filtering criteria of q value <0.05 and |log2(fold change)| ≥ 1. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that 250 genes were enriched in 11 biological process categories involved in sexual maturity. Most candidate genes, including TRIP13, NR6A1, STRA8, PCSK4, ACRBP, TSSK1B and TSSK6, were under positive selection. These results provide a better understanding of the genetic basis for testicular maturation and are useful for enhancing boar reproductive traits through molecular breeding.
Evaluation of oral health education programs for oral health of individuals with visual impairment: An umbrella review
Authors: Sardana Divesh , Ritto Fernanda P. , Ciesla David , Fagan Timothy R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo exemplify, summarize and critically appraise the systematic reviews (SRs) that evaluated different oral health education (OHE) interventions in individuals with visual impairment (VI).MethodologySix electronic databases were searched for SRs evaluating OHE programs in individuals with VI. The internal validity of the included SRs was evaluated using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews‐2 (AMSTAR‐2) tool. The degree of overlap of the primary studies in the included SRs was calculated using the “corrected covered area (CCA)” approach.ResultsSeven SRs were included in this umbrella review that included 30 primary studies with a CCA of 26% (very high overlap). Six of the included SRs were assessed to have critically low confidence in the results, whereas only one had moderate confidence.ConclusionsA combination of various OHE methods for individuals with VI might be better than using one method alone to improve oral hygiene. There is no conclusive evidence that one OHE method is superior to others. However, the evidence of OHE in improving the outcomes related to dental trauma or caries is inconclusive. Furthermore, it appears that most of the evaluations of oral health programs come from limited parts of the world, and data from many other regions is lacking.
Mass spectrometric‐based assessment of the serum kappa to lambda immunoglobulin light chain ratio (κ:λ) in dogs with immunoglobulin secretory diseases
Authors: Moore A Russell , Brown Kitty , Chapman Cecelia , Broeckling Corey 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ratio of κ light chains to λ light chains (κ:λ) in serum is used as a biomarker of immunoglobulin secreting neoplasia in humans but has not been evaluated in dogs. A mass‐spectrometry based method for determining the canine serum κ:λ was developed and used to evaluate samples from control dogs, dogs with an infectious aetiology, dogs with secretory plasma cell tumours (sPCT) and dogs with non‐secretory B cell neoplasia. A human‐targeted immunoturbidometric κ:λ assay and immunofixation using antisera targeting human κ light chain or λ light chain was also performed on all samples. Using whole serum samples, the MS‐based κ:λ method identified 5 sPCT as κ‐predominant (mean κ:λ = 3.307) and 5 sPCT as λ‐predominant (mean κ:λ = 0.023) and documented differences between these groups and all other groups (p < 0.05 for all). The infectious aetiology group had a lower mean κ:λ ratio (mean κ:λ = 0.069) than control samples (mean κ:λ = 0.103, p = 0.035). Similar results were obtained when samples were enriched for proteins between 10 and 50 kDa using size exclusion chromatography, except for the statistical difference between the control and infectious aetiology group. All λ‐predominant cases had only anti‐human λ light chain labelling by immunofixation. Three κ‐predominant cases had only anti‐human κ‐light chain labelling and the remaining two cases did not label with either antisera by immunofixation. The immunoturbidometric method had high analytical CV% (λ light chain CV = 13%, κ light chain CV = 50%), was unable to measure light chains in 20.5% of samples and did not distinguish groups. The data suggests that the human‐targeted immunoturbidometric method would not be diagnostically useful and that the MS‐derived serum κ:λ may be a useful biomarker of canine immunoglobulin secretory neoplasia which may have the ability to distinguish neoplasia from infectious causes of immunoglobulin secretion.
Longitudinal Association of Changes in Parental Correlates With Screen Time in Chinese Preschoolers
Authors: Wu Yan , Ye Sunyue 
Published: May 2023

Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between the changes in parent-related factors and preschoolers exceeding screen time (ST) recommendations. Methods: A longitudinal analysis using 2-year follow-up data from 4 kindergartens (n = 409) was conducted in Zhejiang, China, from 2019 to 2021. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the potential parental modifiable predictors. Results: The significant associations of baseline ST, change in screen accessibility, and the interaction of preschooler ST with maternal ST change with preschooler follow-up ST were observed. For preschool-aged children with baseline ST ≤ 1 hour per day, the follow-up of preschoolers with ST > 1 hour per day increased significantly when parental clarity of their ST rules decreased or remained low. For preschool children with baseline ST > 1 hour per day, follow-up ST increased significantly when their father kept ST >2 hours per day, when the screen accessibility became or remained easy, or when parental awareness of the ST decreased. Conclusions: Changes in parental correlates played an important role in preschooler ST based on 2-year longitudinal data. Early interventions should focus on improving the clarity of parental rules and perceptions, as well as on reducing parental ST and accessibility of home screens.
Current Technologies and Practices to Assess External Training Load in Paralympic Sport: A Systematic Review
Authors: Stieler Eduardo , de Mello Marco T. , Lôbo Ingrid L.B. , Gonçalves Dawit A. , Resende Renan , Andrade André G. , Lourenço Thiago F. , Silva Anselmo A.C. , Andrade Henrique A. , Guerreiro Renato , Silva Andressa 
Published: May 2023

Context: Knowing the methods to assess the external load in Paralympic sports can help multidisciplinary teams rely on scientific evidence to better prescribe and monitor the athlete’s development, improving sports performance and reducing the risk of injury/illness of Paralympic athletes. Objectives: This review aimed to systematically explore the current practices of quantifying the external load in Paralympic sports and provide an overview of the methods and techniques used. Evidence Acquisition: A search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO was carried out until November 2022. The measures of interest were objective methods for quantifying the external load of training or competition. The inclusion criteria for the studies were as follows: (1) peer-reviewed article; (2) the population were Paralympic athletes; (3) evaluated during training or competition; (4) reported at least one external load measure; and (5) published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. Evidence Synthesis: Of the 1961 articles found, 22 were included because they met the criteria, and 8 methods were identified to quantify the external load in training or competition in 8 Paralympic sports. The methods varied according to the characteristics of the Paralympic sports. To date, the devices used included an internal radiofrequency-based tracking system (wheelchair rugby) a miniaturized data logger (wheelchair tennis, basketball, and rugby); a linear position transducer (powerlifting and wheelchair basketball); a camera (swimming, goalball, and wheelchair rugby); a global positioning system (wheelchair tennis); heart rate monitors that assess external load variables in set (paracycling and swimming) and an electronic timer (swimming). Conclusions: Different objective methods were identified to assess the external load in Paralympic sports. However, few studies showed the validity and reliability of these methods. Further studies are needed to compare different methods of external load quantification in other Paralympic sports.
Profile and triage validity of trauma patients triaged green: a prospective cohort study from a secondary care hospital in India
Authors: Anthony Aroke Anna , Dutta Rohini , Sarang Bhakti , David Siddarth , O'Reilly Gerard , Raykar Nakul P , Khajanchi Monty , Attergrim Jonatan , Soni Kapil Dev , Sharma Naveen , Mohan Monali , Gadgil Anita , Roy Nobhojit , Gerdin Wärnberg Martin 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the profile of non-urgent patients triaged ‘green’, as part of a triage trial in the emergency department (ED) of a secondary care hospital in India. The secondary aim was to validate the triage trial with the South African Triage Score (SATS).DesignProspective cohort study.SettingA secondary care hospital in Mumbai, India.ParticipantsPatients aged 18 years and above with a history of trauma defined as having any of the external causes of morbidity and mortality listed in block V01–Y36, chapter XX of the International Classification of Disease version 10 codebook, triaged green between July 2016 and November 2019.Primary and secondary outcome measuresOutcome measures were mortality within 24 hours, 30 days and mistriage.ResultsWe included 4135 trauma patients triaged green. The mean age of patients was 32.8 (±13.1) years, and 77% were males. The median (IQR) length of stay of admitted patients was 3 (13) days. Half the patients had a mild Injury Severity Score (3–8), with the majority of injuries being blunt (98%). Of the patients triaged green by clinicians, three-quarters (74%) were undertriaged on validating with SATS. On telephonic follow-up, two patients were reported dead whereas one died while admitted in hospital.ConclusionsOur study highlights the need for implementation and evaluation of training in trauma triage systems that use physiological parameters, including pulse, systolic blood pressure and Glasgow Coma Scale, for the in-hospital first responders in the EDs.
Using routine healthcare data to determine the factors associated with hospital length of stay for hypertensive inpatients in Ghana, 2012–2017
Authors: Afetor Maxwell , Harris Emmanuel , Der Joyce B , Narh Clement T 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveHospitalisation for hypertension continues to rise in Ghana. It has been revealed that in Ghana, patients hospitalised for hypertension spend between 1 and 91 days on admission. This study therefore sought to estimate the hospital length of stay (LoS) of hypertensive patients and individual or health-related factors that may influence the hospitalisation duration in Ghana.MethodsWe employed a retrospective study design that used routinely collected health data on hospitalised hypertensive patients in Ghana from the District Health Information Management System database between 2012 and 2017 to model LoS using survival analysis. The cumulative incidence function for discharge stratified by sex was computed. To investigate the factors that influence hospitalisation duration, multivariable Cox regression was used.ResultsOut of a total of 106 372 hypertension admissions, about 72 581 (68.2%) were women. The mean age of the patients was 55.3 (SD=17.5) years. Overall, the median LoS was 3 days with almost 90% of all patients being discharged by the 10th day of admission. Patients admitted in Volta region (HR: 0.89, p<0.001) and Eastern region (HR: 0.96, p=0.002) experienced late discharge as compared with patients admitted in Greater Accra. It was revealed that women (HR: 1.09, p<0.001) were discharged earlier than men. However, having a surgical procedure (HR: 1.07, p<0.001) and having comorbidities such as diabetes (HR: 0.76, p<0.001) and cardiovascular diseases other than hypertension (HR: 0.77, p<0.001) increased the LoS of patients.ConclusionThis study provides the first comprehensive assessment of factors influencing hospitalisation duration of admissions due to hypertension in Ghana. Female sex, all regions except Volta region and Eastern region, experienced early discharge. However, patients with a surgical intervention and comorbidity experienced late discharge.
Observational study of organisational responses of 17 US hospitals over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Choo Esther K , Strehlow Matthew , Del Rios Marina , Oral Evrim , Pobee Ruth , Nugent Andrew , Lim Stephen , Hext Christian , Newhall Sarah , Ko Diana , Chari Srihari V , Wilson Amy , Baugh Joshua J , Callaway David , Delgado Mucio Kit , Glick Zoe , Graulty Christian J , Hall Nicholas , Jemal Abdusebur , KC Madhav , Mahadevan Aditya , Mehta Milap , Meltzer Andrew C , Pozhidayeva Dar'ya , Resnick-Ault Daniel , Schulz Christian , Shen Sam , Southerland Lauren , Du Pont Daniel , McCarthy Danielle M 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has required significant modifications of hospital care. The objective of this study was to examine the operational approaches taken by US hospitals over time in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Design, setting and participantsThis was a prospective observational study of 17 geographically diverse US hospitals from February 2020 to February 2021.Outcomes and analysisWe identified 42 potential pandemic-related strategies and obtained week-to-week data about their use. We calculated descriptive statistics for use of each strategy and plotted percent uptake and weeks used. We assessed the relationship between strategy use and hospital type, geographic region and phase of the pandemic using generalised estimating equations (GEEs), adjusting for weekly county case counts.ResultsWe found heterogeneity in strategy uptake over time, some of which was associated with geographic region and phase of pandemic. We identified a body of strategies that were both commonly used and sustained over time, for example, limiting staff in COVID-19 rooms and increasing telehealth capacity, as well as those that were rarely used and/or not sustained, for example, increasing hospital bed capacity.ConclusionsHospital strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic varied in resource intensity, uptake and duration of use. Such information may be valuable to health systems during the ongoing pandemic and future ones.
Short course antibiotic treatment of Gram-negative bacteraemia (GNB5): a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Tingsgård Sandra , Israelsen Simone Bastrup , Thorlacius-Ussing Louise , Frahm Kirk Karina , Lindegaard Birgitte , Johansen Isik S , Knudsen Andreas , Lunding Suzanne , Ravn Pernille , Østergaard Andersen Christian , Benfield Thomas 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionProlonged use of antibiotics is closely related to antibiotic-associated infections, antimicrobial resistance and adverse drug events. The optimal duration of antibiotic treatment for Gram-negative bacteremia (GNB) with a urinary tract source of infection is poorly defined.Methods and analysisInvestigator-initiated multicentre, non-blinded, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial with two parallel treatment arms. One arm will receive shortened antibiotic treatment of 5 days and the other arm will receive antibiotic treatment of 7 days or longer. Randomisation will occur in equal proportion (1:1) no later than day 5 of effective antibiotic treatment as determined by antibiogram. Immunosuppressed patients and those with GNB due to non-fermenting bacilli (Acinetobacterspp,Pseudomonasspp),Brucellaspp,Fusobacteriumspp or polymicrobial growth are ineligible.The primary endpoint is 90-day survival without clinical or microbiological failure to treatment. Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality, total duration of antibiotic treatment, hospital readmission andClostridioides difficileinfection. Interim safety analysis will be performed after the recruitment of every 100 patients. Given an event rate of 12%, a non-inferiority margin of 10%, and 90% power, the required sample size to determine non-inferiority is 380 patients. Analyses will be performed on both intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the Danish Regional Committee on Health Research (H-19085920) and the Danish Medicines Agency (2019-003282-17). The results of the main trial and each of the secondary endpoints will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.Gov:NCT04291768.
Home-based guided hypnotherapy for children with functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in primary care: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ganzevoort Ilse Nadine , Fokkema Tryntsje , Mol-Alma Harma J , Heida Anke , Van der Veen Adriëlla L , Vermeulen Karin , Benninga Marc A , Vlieger Arine M , Berger Marjolein Y , Holtman G A 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionChildren often present to primary care with functional abdominal pain (FAP) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and around half still have abdominal complaints 1 year later. Hypnotherapy is an evidence-based treatment that is used in specialist care, but it lacks evidence in primary care. This study will investigate the (cost) effectiveness of home-based guided hypnotherapy for children with FAP or IBS in primary care.Methods and analysisWe report the design of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial among children aged 7–17 years, diagnosed with FAP or IBS by their general practitioner (GP), with assessments over 12 months. The control group will receive care as usual (CAU) by their GP (eg, communication, education and reassurance), while the intervention group will receive CAU plus 3 months of home-based guided hypnotherapy via a website. The primary outcome will be the proportion of children with adequate relief from abdominal pain/discomfort at 12 months, analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. Secondary outcomes will include the adequacy of pain relief at 3 and 6 months, pain/discomfort severity, pain frequency and intensity, daily functioning and impact on function, anxiety and depression, pain beliefs, sleep disturbances, school absence, somatisation, and healthcare use and costs. We must include 200 children to determine a 20% difference in those with adequate relief (55% control vs 75% intervention).Ethics and disseminationThe Medical Ethics Review Committee of the University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands, approved this study (METc2020/237). The results will be disseminated to patients, GPs and other stakeholders via email, a dedicated website, peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international conferences. We plan to collaborate with the Dutch Society of GPs to implement the results in clinical practice.Trial registration numberNCT05636358.
Attitudes, confidence, barriers and current practice of managing depression in patients with COPD in Saudi Arabia: a national cross-sectional survey
Authors: Siraj Rayan A , Alrajeh Ahmed , Aldabayan Yousef S , Aldhahir Abdulelah Mastour , Alqahtani Jaber S , Alghamdi Saeed M , Alqarni Abdullah A , Banakher Bashaer O , Algarni Saleh S , Alhotye Munyra , Khormi Shahad K , Alghamdi Hussam S , Alotaibi Faisal F , Alahmari Mushabbab A 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate physicians’ perceptions and current practices of identifying and managing depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).DesignA cross-sectional online survey was employed between March and September 2022.SettingsSaudi Arabia.Participants1015 physicians, including general practitioners and family, internal and pulmonary medicine specialists.Primary outcome measuresPhysicians’ perceptions, confidence, practices and barriers to recognising and managing depression in patients with COPD.ResultsA total of 1015 physicians completed to the online survey. Only 31% of study participants received adequate training for managing depression. While 60% of physicians reported that depression interferes with self-management and worsens COPD symptoms, less than 50% viewed the importance of regular screening for depression. Only 414 (41%) physicians aim to identify depression. Of whom, 29% use depression screening tools, and 38% feel confident in discussing patients’ feelings. Having adequate training to manage depression (OR: 2.89; 95% CI: 2.02 to 3.81; p<0.001) and more years of experience (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.45; p=0.002) were associated with the intention to detect depression in COPD patients. The most common barriers linked to recognising depression are poor training (54%), absence of standard procedures (54%) and limited knowledge about depression (53%).ConclusionThe prevalence of identifying and confidently managing depression in patients with COPD is suboptimal, owing to poor training, the absence of a standardised protocol and inadequate knowledge. Psychiatric training should be supported in addition to adopting a systematic approach to detect depression in clinical practice.