bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method for rolling bearing fault diagnosis based on GSC-MDRNN with multi-dimensional input
Authors: Wang Zheng , Wen Chuanbo , Dong Yifan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The traditional fault diagnosis methods for rolling bearings through neural networks mostly use data sources collected by a single sensor and use single-dimensional data input, leading to fault features in bearings not be completely extracted. Moreover, traditional convolution often uses single-size convolution kernels, which are insufficient for fault feature extraction. In response to these problems, the global shortcut connection (GSC)-multichannel deep ResNet network model is proposed. First, a new residual structure, the GSC, is proposed to fuse two-dimensional and one-dimensional signal features. Second, involution is introduced into the field of fault diagnosis to address the problem of insufficient network feature extraction caused by using single-size convolution kernels. In addition, a convolutional block attention module can adaptively assign the weight of each channel feature to achieve adaptive channel fusion. The verification was performed on the four-category and eight-category data sets collected in the laboratory, and the results show that this method has a high fault recognition rate.
Flame stability measurement through image moments and texture analysis
Authors: Golgiyaz Sedat , Cellek M Salih , Daskin Mahmut , Talu M Fatih , Onat Cem 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this article, the first two moments of the image, mean and standard deviation, uniform local binary pattern (LBP) texture analysis methods were experimentally investigated in coal-fired boilers to measure flame stability. The first two moments of the flame image were used to evaluate the flame stability in terms of color and brightness (average gray value). Although the radiation signal of the flame is widely obtained by the spectral analysis method, the radiation signal of the flame was obtained by the LBP texture analysis method in this study. The flame stability measurement technique proposed in this study does not require prior knowledge about charged coupling devices camera features. Therefore, it can be easily applied to measure flame stability without expensive and complicated adaptation processes. Flame stability was measured with R = 0.9868 accuracy with the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed texture analysis method is more effective than current spectral analysis methods. The results obtained within the scope of this study also show that it can be easily applied to existing closed-loop control systems to monitor flame stability.
Controlling thermal noise in phase-field simulation for nucleation during isothermal solidification of a pure metal
Authors: Yamada Ryo , Haraguchi Keisuke , Ohno Munekazu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
It is currently challenging to quantitatively describe the nucleation behavior using the phase-field model because it depends on the computational grid size. In this study, the grid size dependence of nucleation behavior during isothermal solidification in pure Fe was investigated by changing the magnitude of thermal noise inducing the nucleation. To remove such dependence, a neural network was utilized to compute the magnitude of thermal noise needed to describe the desired nucleation rate for a given grid size and degree of undercooling. It was found that the nucleation rate can be controlled using the present approach, and the nucleation rates in pure Fe obtained by molecular dynamics simulations and experiments could be accurately reproduced.
Internal-wave billiards in trapezoids and similar tables
Authors: Lenci Marco , Bonanno Claudio , Cristadoro Giampaolo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We call internal-wave billiard the dynamical system of a point particle that moves freely inside a planar domain (the table) and is reflected by its boundary according to this nonstandard rule: the angles that the incident and reflected velocities form with a fixed direction (representing gravity) are the same. These systems are point particle approximations for the motion of internal gravity waves in closed containers, hence the name. For a class of tables similar to rectangular trapezoids, but with the slanted leg replaced by a general curve with downward concavity, we prove that the dynamics has only three asymptotic regimes: (1) there exist a global attractor and a global repellor, which are periodic and might coincide; (2) there exists a beam of periodic trajectories, whose boundary (if any) comprises an attractor and a repellor for all the other trajectories; (3) all trajectories are dense (that is, the system is minimal). Furthermore, in the prominent case where the table is an actual trapezoid, we study the sets in parameter space relative to the three regimes. We prove in particular that the set for (1) has positive measure (giving a rigorous proof of the existence of Arnol’d tongues for internal-wave billiards), whereas the sets for (2) and (3) are non-empty but have measure zero.
Disruption avoidance by stabilizing coupled MHD modes using resonant magnetic perturbations on J-TEXT
Authors: He Ying , Wang Nengchao , Ding Yonghua , Li Da , Zhou Song , Mao Feiyue , Shen Chengshuo , Jia Ruo , Ren Zhengkang , Gao Yuan , Zhang Zhichao , Li Shuhao , Huang Zhuo , Chen Haojie , Zhao Chuanxu , Bala Abba Alhaji , Zhang Wei , Xie Xianli , Chen Zhipeng , Yang Zhoujun , Chen Zhongyong , Yu Q , Pan Yuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The coupling of multiple magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes can lead to mode locking and major disruption in tokamak plasmas. In the J-TEXT tokamak, the coupling between two small modes, i.e. m/n = 2/1 and 3/1 modes (m and n are poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively), appears when the edge safety factor is reduced to the vicinity of 3. After the mode coupling, the toroidal phase difference between the 2/1 and 3/1 modes equals 0 in the low field side midplane. This phase relation of coupled modes leads to mutual destabilization and even major disruption. A control scheme to avoid disruption caused by coupled modes by resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) is presented. It is found that the application of RMP significantly changes the evolution of the coupled modes. The coupling of the 2/1 and 3/1 modes occurs earlier as the RMP amplitude increases. The RMP with moderate amplitude can suppress the growth of 2/1 and 3/1 coupled modes and hence avoid disruption. These results provide a possible strategy for the suppression of neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) seed islands on International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) or future fusion reactors.
Invention of smart tightening tool for directly controlling the preload of bolted joints
Authors: Zhang Zhongwei , Liu Jianhua , Gong Hao , Huang Jiayu , Du Chenfei , Liu Kai , Cao Linlin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Bolted joints are widely used in industries to connect and fasten two separated components. During the assembly of bolted joints, torque wrench is commonly employed to control preload indirectly. Much scatter in preload will occur and decrease the reliability of mechanical product. This study invented a novel tightening tool, which could directly control preload with high accuracy in the process of tightening bolts. The novel tightening tool is composed of an ameliorative intelligent wrench and signal processing system. There are two characteristics or innovations in the intelligent wrench. First, an electric tripping structure with multi-level small-size lever is designed to ensure that the target preload can be controlled effectively when the threshold value is reached. Second, an intelligent socket integrated with PZT sensor is designed, which can avoid many PZT sensors being sticked on bolt heads and greatly reduce cost. In the signal processing system, the waveform tracking strategy based on phase-locked loop is proposed to obtain the stable phase difference, which improves the robustness of the calculation of echo time. Three types of bolts with different sizes were tested. The average preload error was approximatively 2%, validating the accuracy and effectiveness of our tightening tool.
Neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in bounce-transit and drift resonance regimes in tokamaks
Authors: Shaing K.C. , Garcia-Munoz M. , Viezzer E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in the bounce-transit and drift resonance regimes is calculated using a version of the drift kinetic equation that encompasses the physics of the nonlinear trapping and quasilinear plateau regimes in tokamaks. It is demonstrated that the mirror-force like term controls the transition between these two regimes. When the effective collision frequency is larger than the mirroring or the nonlinear bounce frequency, the quasilinear regime prevails; otherwise, the nonlinear trapping regime reigns. The demonstration is accomplished by using the Eulerian approach and is beyond the grasp of the method of the integration along the unperturbed orbit in solving the drift kinetic equation. The neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in the quasilinear plateau regime is calculated. Approximate analytic expressions for the neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity that include the asymptotic limits of the nonlinear trapping and quasilinear regimes are presented to facilitate thermal and energetic alpha particle transport modeling in tokamaks.
AFM characterization of morphological evolution and adhesion properties of ZnO/C nanosheet-modified asphalt under UV irradiation
Authors: Ding Yanhuai , Zhang Shuangshuang , Luo Xinrui , Zhou Ji 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As an organic material, asphalt is vulnerable to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The effect of UV aging on physical properties has been intensively studied. In this study, large ZnO/C nanosheets were employed to shield asphalt from UV irradiation and delay the deterioration of its natural properties. The evolution of the morphology and adhesion properties of the ZnO/C nanosheet-modified asphalt material at the nanoscale was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results show that the ZnO/C nanosheet-modified asphalt behaves differently from raw asphalt. The increase in the number of flaws can be suppressed by the addition of ZnO/C nanosheets, and the change in the adhesion properties caused by UV irradiation can also be hampered.
The effect of TiO2concentration on morphology, wear and corrosion properties of NiB-TiO2composite coatings by ultrasonic-assisted pulse electrodeposition
Authors: Gül Harun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, TiO2particle reinforced NiB alloy matrix composite coatings were produced on steel substrates by using a modified Watts type bath with ultrasonic-assisted pulse electrodeposition (UAPED) method. The average particle size of the TiO2particles used in the composite coating is 500 nm, and the effect of different particle concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g l−1) on mechanical and electrochemical properties was investigated. The produced NiB alloy and NiB-TiO2composite coatings were heat treated at 400 °C for 2 h, and the properties of the coatings were compared before and after heat treatment. Microstructure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Phases and structures were determined by x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and crystalline size and % distortion were calculated from XRD analysis. The hardness measurements of NiB alloy and NiB-TiO2composite coatings were carried out by microhardness measurement, and the wear tests of composites were carried out by the reciprocating method. Electrochemical measurements of coatings were carried out in 3.5% NaCl solution, and the effect of particle concentration on corrosion behaviour was investigated. The highest hardness value was 1268 HV, and it was obtained at 20 g l−1TiO2concentration and after heat treatment. The lowest crystalline size was obtained 34.4 nm with NiB-TiO2composite coatings. When the wear resistances were compared with NiB-TiO2composites and NiB alloy coating, composite coatings’ wear resistance increased approximately two times with the effect of heat treatment. In addition, when the coatings are evaluated in terms of corrosion behaviour, the best result was obtained in the composite coating produced with 20 g l−1TiO2concentration. Compared to NiB Alloy coating, the corrosion rate of the composite coating produced with 20 g l−1TiO2concentration was reduced from 32.49 mpy to 11.68 mpy. This indicates an improvement of approximately three times in corrosion rate.
Sustainability assessment of public bus transportation sector in westbank, palestine
Authors: Hassouna Fady M A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Urban transportation is considered one of the main sources of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, there has been an essential need to develop a sustainable transportation system that could mitigate the environmental impacts by using high-capacity transportations modes, such as public buses. This study has aimed to assess the expected sustainability of the public bus sector in Westbank, Palestine, in case of developing this sector and increasing the number of buses to meet the minimum global requirements (number of buses/1000 population), by developing prediction models for number of buses and passenger cars. Then, the expected reduction in total travelled kilometers by passenger cars has been quantified. After that, the expected reduction in GHG emissions has been determined and the effects on traffic congestion have been investigated. After analyzing the results, the study has concluded that the public bus transport sector in Palestine suffers from the lack of number of buses compared to the number of population, with a value of 0.38 bus/1000 population, which is considered one of the lowest values among the world’s countries. Moreover, by increasing the number of buses to meet the minimum global requirement, there has been a significant expected reduction in CO2 emissions (94,628.56 ton) compared to the total CO2 emissions from other sectors in Palestine, and there has been an expected reduction in traffic congestion up to 5.84%.
Intraseasonal oscillations of the Silk Road pattern lead to predictability in East Asian precipitation patterns and the Mei Yu front
Authors: Muetzelfeldt Mark R , Schiemann Reinhard , Turner Andrew G , Vidale Pier Luigi , Menon Arathy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Silk Road pattern (SRP) is analysed on intraseasonal timescales over summer using empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the meridional wind at 200 hPa. The first two principal components explain almost equal amounts of variance, hence both are required to represent the intraseasonal SRP. The associated spatial loadings are 90° out of phase with each other, providing evidence that propagating oscillations are a natural mode of variability of the intraseasonal SRP. This is supported by Hovmöller diagrams of the meridional wind at 200 hPa and by phase diagrams of the first two EOFs, which both show a predominantly eastward-propagating oscillation. The oscillations are identified as plausibly being Rossby waves by means of waveguide theory. The subtropical westerly jet and East Asian rainfall patterns are found to be dependent on the phase of the oscillation: wet anomalies occur to the east of troughs in the jet, which are also regions where local jet entrances cause upper-level divergence via an ageostrophic circulation. Dry anomalies occur to the west of troughs, which are regions of upper-level convergence. The time-delayed location of the summer Mei Yu front relative to its climatology is dependent on the phase of the oscillation: when there is an upper-level trough located over the Korean Peninsula, the Mei Yu front is likely to be located further north than normal 3–8 days later, before returning to its climatological position. This suggests that the phase of the intraseasonal SRP acts as a potential source of predictability of the location of the Mei Yu front, which might allow for better prediction of the associated rains.
Fractal analysis revealed persistent correlations in long-term vegetation fire data in most South and Southeast Asian countries
Authors: Vadrevu Krishna Prasad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Vegetation fires are most common in South/Southeast Asian countries (S/SEA). Characterizing the statistical nature of long-term fire datasets can provide valuable information on fire management. Specifically, distinguishing random noise from correlated noise in long-term signals is critical for linking with the underlying processes. Fractal methods can help to assess long-range correlations in long-term timeseries data. This study tested the daily time-series fire data retrieved from the VIIRS satellite (2012–2021) for fractal behavior. Descriptive statistics and popular Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) were used to assess fire characteristics and persistent versus non-persistent correlations. Results over South Asia (SA) suggested India with the highest mean fire counts (FC) and the least in Bhutan. Fire radiative power (FRP), an indicator of fire intensity, was highest in India and least in Afghanistan. Among Southeast Asia (SEA), Myanmar had the highest mean FC and FRP and least in Timor Leste. The DFA results revealed the fractal nature of FC in different countries. In SA, FC over India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, and Bhutan showed persistent correlation behavior, whereas anti-persistence in Bangladesh and Pakistan. In addition, FRP showed anti-persistent behavior in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan and a persistent signal for Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. In contrast to SA, FC and FRP showed persistent behavior in all SEA countries. The persistent or non-persistence nature of the data can help model fire behavior to aid in management and mitigation efforts.
Maternal Vaccination and Risk of Hospitalization for Covid-19 Among Infants
Authors: Halasa Natasha B. , Olson Samantha M. , Staat Mary A. , Newhams Margaret M. , Price Ashley M. , Pannaraj Pia S. , Boom Julie A. , Sahni Leila C. , Chiotos Kathleen , Cameron Melissa A. , Bline Katherine E. , Hobbs Charlotte V. , Maddux Aline B. , Coates Bria M. , Michelson Kelly N. , Heidemann Sabrina M. , Irby Katherine , Nofziger Ryan A. , Mack Elizabeth H. , Smallcomb Laura , Schwartz Stephanie P. , Walker Tracie C. , Gertz Shira J. , Schuster Jennifer E. , Kamidani Satoshi , Tarquinio Keiko M. , Bhumbra Samina S. , Maamari Mia , Hume Janet R. , Crandall Hillary , Levy Emily R. , Zinter Matt S. , Bradford Tamara T. , Flori Heidi R. , Cullimore Melissa L. , Kong Michele , Cvijanovich Natalie Z. , Gilboa Suzanne M. , Polen Kara N. , Campbell Angela P. , Randolph Adrienne G. , Patel Manish M. 
Published: January 2023

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2022;387:109–119)
COVID-19 during pregnancy is associated with a greater risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal complications. Studies have shown that mRNA vaccines are highly effective in preventing severe COVID-19 during pregnancy, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends vaccination, including boosters, for people who are pregnant or plan to be pregnant.
Association of COVID-19 Vaccination During Early Pregnancy With Risk of Congenital Fetal Anomalies
Authors: Ruderman Rachel S. , Mormol Jessica , Trawick Emma , Perry Madeline F. , Allen Emma C. , Millan Danielle , Miller Emily S. 
Published: January 2023

(Abstracted from JAMA Pediatr 2022;176(7):717–719)
COVID-19 infection increases the risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity in the pregnant population. While data suggest that COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective during pregnancy, the risk to the fetus is unclear.
Obesity in Pregnancy
Authors: Creanga Andreea A. , Catalano Patrick M. , Bateman Brian T. 
Published: January 2023

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2022;387:248–259)
Obesity poses a significant maternal risk during pregnancy, after delivery, and for long-term health issues. Maternal obesity can also adversely affect outcomes for the fetus, neonate, and child.
Physician Beliefs About Contraceptive Methods as Abortifacients
Authors: Swan Laura E. T. , Cutler Abigail S. , Lands Madison , Schmuhl Nicholas B. , Higgins Jenny A. 
Published: January 2023

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.09.039)
Several studies have demonstrated that contraception (including emergency contraception [EC]) does not disrupt an existing pregnancy. Contraceptives prevent pregnancy before fertilization; yet, many individuals who oppose abortion state or believe that contraceptives are abortifacients (ie, substances that cause the termination of an implanted fertilized egg).
Improved Survival in Cervical Cancer Patients Receiving Care at National Cancer Institute–Designated Cancer Centers
Authors: McDaniels-Davidson Corinne , Feng Christine H. , Martinez Maria Elena , Canchola Alison J. , Gomez Scarlett Lin , Nodora Jesse N. , Patel Sandip P. , Mundt Arno J. , Mayadev Jyoti S. 
Published: January 2023

(Abstracted from Cancer 2022;128(19):3479–3486)
For a cancer center to receive National Cancer Institute (NCI) designation, it must undergo a rigorous review process and demonstrate comprehensive cancer care and quality. Treatment at an NCI-designated cancer center (NCICC) has been shown to improve survival in lung, breast, gastrointestinal, ovarian, and bladder cancers.
Surgical Resident Perspectives on the Preferred Qualities of Effective Intraoperative Teachers: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Collings Amelia T. , Doster Dominique L. , Longtin Krista , Choi Jennifer , Torbeck Laura , Stefanidis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Intraoperative teaching is a critical component of surgery residents’ education. Although prior studies have investigated best practices from the viewpoint of the expert educator, the perspective of the learner has been less explored. This study examined the ideal faculty teaching behaviors that optimize intraoperative teaching from the surgical residents’ perspective.

Method
Using a grounded theory method, this study explored perspectives on intraoperative faculty teaching qualities of 5 focus groups of categorical clinical general surgical residents of the same postgraduate year from June to August 2021. Focus group discussions were recorded, transcribed, and coded. Emerging themes were identified, along with their corresponding subthemes.

Results
Thirty-nine general surgery residents participated in the focus groups. Overall, 6 themes emerged regarding resident priorities of intraoperative teaching, with 10 subthemes. Themes included the following: (1) character, with subthemes of caring, respect for resident, and self-control; (2) intraoperative skill, with subthemes of clinical and operative skill and modeling leadership in the operating room; (3) instructional approach; (4) feedback, with subthemes of content of feedback and debriefing; (5) discernment of resident needs, with subthemes of managing expectations, individualizing instruction, and autonomy; and (6) variety of teachers.

Conclusions
Certain tangible strategies, such as demonstrating genuine care for the learner, using clear directional words, and giving actionable feedback, were considered vital by residents. In the development of great surgical educators, the emphasis should not be on conformity to a single idealized teaching style but should celebrate and encourage diversity of personas and teaching styles within a department or program.