bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and experimental research on the use of hydrogen in the automotive spark ignition engine
Authors: Georgescu R , Pana C , Negurescu N , Cernat A , Nutu C , Sandu C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Reducing the level of pollutant emissions of internal combustion engines requires the adaptation of solutions that improve the combustion process in the cylinder but those solutions may increase their constructive complexity. For this reason, the use of hydrogen is an effective solution, both for replacing fossil fuels and for reducing the concentration of pollutant emissions. The use of hydrogen as an additional fuel for the automotive spark ignition engines offers the possibility of obtaining increased energy performance, decreased pollutant emissions level and decreased concentration of greenhouse gas emissions. The paper presents the results of the some theoretical and experimental investigations carried on an automotive spark ignition engine, analysing the influence of the hydrogen on combustion and implicitly on energy performance and pollution. The simulation of thermo-gas-dynamic processes in the cylinder of the engine fed successively with gasoline/gasoline and hydrogen, allowed the authors to develop a specific and efficient procedure for conducting experimental investigations. The results of the theoretical and experimental research obtained and presented in the paper highlight the advantages of using hydrogen as an additive to gasoline fuelling in the automobile spark ignition engine: the improvement of combustion (reduction of combustion duration, increase of indicated thermal efficiency, reduction of specific energy consumption) and reduction of the level of polluting emissions and of the emission of greenhouse gases. An engine adjustment strategy for the sharp reduction of the concentration of nitrogen oxides is also presented.
Analysis of the behaviour for a steering rack under the influence of the road elements
Authors: Petrovan S , Popa A G , Spătaru B , Rakosi E , Ulian T , Manolache Gh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The automotive industry is dealing with rapid innovation and competition, which calls for either changing current products or replacing them with more modern materials. Automobile manufacturers are currently focusing on reducing the weight in order to conserve natural resources and energy. As luxury and safety equipment is added, the weight of the vehicle increases, which reduces overall performance and fuel efficiency. As a result, modern car industry leaders prioritize vehicle armoring. The use of composite materials based on plastic fibers in automobile manufacture has a number of financial and practical benefits for both the buyer and the manufacturer. Benefits are attributed to a decrease in weight, improved production standards, stylistic advancements, corrosion and abrasion resistance. Studying how various composite material types used to build directional cases behave under impact with a potentially hazardous object while moving at a speed of 100 km/h is the proposal of this article.
Effect of lubricant infiltration into the groove-like surface texture on the friction response of the textured stainless-steel contact surface
Authors: Yang Dinghuai , Cheng Jian , Zhao Linjie , Chen Mingjun , Liu Henan , Wang Jinghe , Han Chengshun , Sun Yazhou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Surface texturing is recognized as an effective solution for reducing friction on stainless-steel contact interfaces. Previous studies mainly focused on the influence of the texture parameters and lubricant-film depths on their tribology performances. Notably, whether the lubricant can penetrate texture and the lubricant infiltration capacity may significantly affect the tribology performances of the contact interfaces. They have been rarely considered, which may cause some well-designed textures to fail to perform their roles and be abandoned. Herein, a novel lubricant model is developed to explore the tribology performances of the contact interfaces with different lubricant infiltration capacities in textures and the influence factors of the lubricant infiltration capacities. Textured surfaces with different dimensions are fabricated by the femtosecond laser to explore the effects of the texture dimensions on the lubricant infiltration capacities. The results indicate that texture width, depth and lubricant viscosity could significantly affect the lubricant infiltration capacities. Moreover, the results indicate that the lubricant infiltration capacity would significantly affect the tribology performances of the contact interfaces. This work indicates that the impact of the lubricant infiltration should be considered in texture design. This work can be widely used to guide the texture design applied in plenty of fields.
Study on the properties of wafer-scale grown MoS2 deposited via thermally induced chemical vapor deposition with Mo(CO)6 and H2S precursors
Authors: Klumpp Armin , Hooijer Rik , Krüger Nina , Boudaden Jamila , Wolf Florian , Döblinger Markus , Bein Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To realize profitable applications with 2D-materials the transition from research scale to microelectronic fabrication methods is needed. This means the use of equipment for larger substrates and assessment of the process flows. In this study we demonstrate an effective way to assess MoS2 as semiconducting material, deposited with the lower priced precursors Mo(CO)6 and H2S on 200 mm silicon wafers. We could show how the evolution of layer quality develops depending on temperature and interface pretreatment. It is not possible to achieve mono-layers of 0.6 nm with high quality due to seeding kinetics and mechanism. In contrast, layers with thicknesses above 3 nm have suitable electrical and optical qualities to proceed with the design of active devices on 200 mm wafers.
Linear-depth quantum circuits for loading Fourier approximations of arbitrary functions
Authors: Moosa Mudassir , Watts Thomas W , Chen Yiyou , Sarma Abhijat , McMahon Peter L 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The ability to efficiently load functions on quantum computers with high fidelity is essential for many quantum algorithms, including those for solving partial differential equations and Monte Carlo estimation. In this work, we introduce the Fourier series loader (FSL) method for preparing quantum states that exactly encode multi-dimensional Fourier series using linear-depth quantum circuits. Specifically, the FSL method prepares a (Dn)-qubit state encoding the 2
Dn
-point uniform discretization of a D-dimensional function specified by a D-dimensional Fourier series. A free parameter, m, which must be less than n, determines the number of Fourier coefficients,

2

D
(
m
+
1
)

, used to represent the function. The FSL method uses a quantum circuit of depth at most

2
(
n
−
2
)
+

⌈

log

2

(
n
−
m
)

⌉

+

2

D
(
m
+
1
)
+
2

−
2
D
(
m
+
1
)

, which is linear in the number of Fourier coefficients, and linear in the number of qubits (Dn) despite the fact that the loaded function’s discretization is over exponentially many (2
Dn
) points. The FSL circuit consists of at most

D
n
+

2

D
(
m
+
1
)
+
1

−
1

single-qubit and

D
n
(
n
+
1
)

/

2
+

2

D
(
m
+
1
)
+
1

−
3
D
(
m
+
1
)
−
2

two-qubit gates; we present a classical compilation algorithm with runtime

O
(

2

3
D
(
m
+
1
)

)

to determine the FSL circuit for a given Fourier series. The FSL method allows for the highly accurate loading of complex-valued functions that are well-approximated by a Fourier series with finitely many terms. We report results from noiseless quantum circuit simulations, illustrating the capability of the FSL method to load various continuous 1D functions, and a discontinuous 1D function, on 20 qubits with infidelities of less than 10−6 and 10−3, respectively. We also demonstrate the practicality of the FSL method for near-term quantum computers by presenting experiments performed on the Quantinuum H1-1 and H1-2 trapped-ion quantum computers: we loaded a complex-valued function on 3 qubits with a fidelity of over

95
%

, as well as various 1D real-valued functions on up to 6 qubits with classical fidelities ≈99%, and a 2D function on 10 qubits with a classical fidelity ≈94%.
Fatigue assessment of welded joints and crack growth considering residual stress
Authors: Rahbar Ranji Ahmad , Najafi Gishanim Soheil , Alirezaee Shahpour 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
There are different approaches to investigate the fatigue life of welded joints, however, less has been done considering residual stresses. The heat and residual stress distribution of a butt weld joint are determined using ABAQUS software and the results are validated against experimental and numerical studies in the literature. The software FE-SAFE is used to study the fatigue life of a GMAW welded butt joint under high cycle loading considering the residual stress. The corresponding S-N curve is determined, and the results show that the longer the length of welds, the higher residual stress and lower fatigue life. The crack nucleation and propagation in the butt weld simulated using XEFM software, and it is found that crack starts from the position of highest restrain.
The Agency-Respect View
Authors: Valentini Laura 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter sets out the agency-respect view of the moral normativity of socially constructed norms. Central to the view is the agency-respect principle, which states that one has an obligation to respect people’s commitments (i.e., to give “agency respect” to people), provided those commitments are authentic, morally permissible, and respecting them is not too costly. Combined with the agential-investment account of socially constructed norms introduced in Chapter 1, the principle grounds conditional obligations to obey such norms out of respect for the commitments of norm-supporters. The chapter proceeds by illustrating the implications of the principle, showing how it fits our intuitions about our duties to do what norms require and how it successfully explains where such duties come from. The final portion of the chapter is devoted to addressing objections to the agency-respect principle, including the concerns that it is overdemanding, that it can only explain the obligations of “outsiders” to communities, that it is oppressive towards dissenting minorities, and that it is too conservative.
Explaining the Wrong of Sovereignty Violations
Authors: Valentini Laura 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses the wrong involved in violating the sovereignty of political collectives, even when such sovereignty violations do not appear to set back any individual’s interests. After raising doubts about views which deny that any wrongs occur in such cases, and views which explain such wrongs by appeal to nationality, political membership, and autonomy, the chapter turns to the agency-respect view. According to this view, seemingly harmless sovereignty violations are wrongful since they involve violating morally permissible internal and external sovereignty norms. In particular, such violations are agency-disrespectful towards those individuals who authentically support said norms, namely (i) members of the political collective whose sovereignty is violated as well as (ii) members of the international community as a whole, who support the norm of states’ sovereign equality. The chapter concludes by considering objections and further implications of the agency-respect view.
Anterior cingulate metabolite levels, memory, and inhibitory control in abstinent men and women with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Oot Emily N , Sawyer Kayle S , Oscar-Berman Marlene , Luhar Riya B , Jensen J E , Silveri Marisa M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been shown to have harmful cognitive and physiological effects, including altered brain chemistry. Further, although men and women may differ in vulnerability to the neurobiological effects of AUD, the results of existing studies have been conflicting. We examined brain metabolite levels and cognitive functions in a cross-section of men with AUD (AUDm) and women with AUD (AUDw) to determine the degree of abnormalities after extended periods of abstinence (mean, 6 years) and to evaluate gender differences in neuropsychological and metabolite measures. Participants were 40 abstinent individuals with AUD (22 AUDw, 18 AUDm) and 50 age-equivalent non-AUD comparison participants (26 NCw, 24 NCm). Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was employed at 3 Tesla to acquire metabolite spectra from the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Brain metabolites N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-Inositol (mI), and glutamate & glutamine (Glx) were examined relative to measures of memory and inhibitory control. Metabolite levels did not differ significantly between AUD and NC groups. Memory and inhibitory-control impairments were observed in the AUD group. There also were significant group-specific associations between metabolite ratios and measures of inhibitory control. There were no group-by-gender interactions for the four metabolite ratios. These findings demonstrate that brain metabolite levels in men and women with AUD, following long-term abstinence, do not differ from individuals without AUD. The data also provide preliminary evidence of sustained associations between metabolite levels and measures of inhibitory control, a functional domain important for curtailing harmful drinking.
CCPlotR: an R package for the visualization of cell–cell interactions
Authors: Ennis Sarah , Ó Broin Pilib , Szegezdi Eva 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Summary
We present CCPlotR—an R package that generates visualizations of cell–cell interactions. CCPlotR is designed to work with the output of tools that predict cell–cell interactions from single-cell gene expression data and requires only a table of predicted interactions as input. The package can generate a comprehensive set of publication-ready figures such as heatmaps, dotplots, circos plots and network diagrams, providing a useful resource for researchers working on cell–cell interactions.

Availability and implementation
CCPlotR is available to download and install from GitHub (https://github.com/Sarah145/CCPlotR) and comes with a toy dataset to demonstrate the different functions. Support for users will be provided via the GitHub issues tracker (https://github.com/Sarah145/CCPlotR/issues).
Late outcomes of renal denervation are more favourable than early ones: facts or fancies?
Authors: Persu Alexandre , Stoenoiu Maria S , Maes Frédéric , Kreutz Reinhold , Mancia Giuseppe , Kjeldsen Sverre E 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Following second-generation randomized trials, there is evidence that renal denervation (RDN) decreases blood pressure (BP), although to a lesser extent than suggested in the initial controlled and observational studies. The recent publication of the 36-month follow-up of the Symplicity HTN-3 trial has raised expectations, suggesting increasing, late benefits of the procedure, despite initially negative results. These findings come after those obtained at 36 months in the sham-controlled trial SPYRAL HTN-ON MED and in the Global Symplicity Registry. However, they are susceptible to biases inherent in observational studies (after unblinding for sham-control) and non-random, substantial attrition of treatment groups at 36 months, and used interpolation of missing BPs. More importantly, in SPYRAL HTN-ON MED and Symplicity HTN-3, long-term BP changes in patients from the initial RDN group were compared with those in a heterogeneous control group, including both control patients who did not benefit from RDN and patients who eventually crossed over to RDN. In crossover patients, the last BP before RDN was imputed to subsequent follow-up. In Symplicity HTN-3, this particular approach led to the claim of increasing long-term benefits of RDN. However, comparison of BP changes in patients from the RDN group and control patients who did not undergo RDN, without imputation of BPs from crossover patients, does not support this view. The good news is that despite the suggestion of sympathetic nerve regrowth after RDN in some animal models, there is no strong signal in favour of a decreasing effect of RDN over time, up to 24 or even 36 months. Still, current data do not support a long-term increase in the effect of RDN and the durability of RDN-related BP reduction remains to be formally demonstrated.
Plasma activin A rises with declining kidney function and is independently associated with mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Nordholm Anders , Sørensen Ida M H , Bjergfelt Sasha S , Fuchs Andreas , Kofoed Klaus F , Landler Nino E , Biering-Sørensen Tor , Carlson Nicholas , Feldt-Rasmussen Bo , Christoffersen Christina , Bro Susanne 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Plasma (p-)activin A is elevated in chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Activin A inhibition ameliorates CKD-MBD complications (vascular calcification and bone disease) in rodent CKD models. We examined whether p-activin A was associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality and CKD-MBD complications in CKD patients.

Methods
The study included 916 participants (741 patients and 175 controls) from the prospective Copenhagen CKD cohort. Comparisons of p-activin A with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), coronary and thoracic aorta Agatston scores, and bone mineral density (BMD) were evaluated by univariable linear regression using Spearman's rank correlation, analysis of covariance and ordinal logistic regression with adjustments. Association of p-activin A with rates of MACE and all-cause mortality was evaluated by the Aalen–Johansen or Kaplan–Meier estimator, with subsequent multiple Cox regression analyses.

Results
P-activin A was increased by CKD stage 3 (124–225 pg/mL, P &lt; .001) and correlated inversely with eGFR (r = −0.53, P &lt; 0.01). P-activin A was associated with all-cause mortality [97 events, hazard ratio 1.55 (95% confidence interval 1.04; 2.32), P &lt; 0.05] after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes mellitus (DM) and eGFR. Median follow-up was 4.36 (interquartile range 3.64–4.75) years. The association with MACE was not significant after eGFR adjustment. Agatston scores and BMD were not associated with p-activin A.

Conclusion
P-activin A increased with declining kidney function and was associated with all-cause mortality independently of age, sex, DM and eGFR. No association with MACE, vascular calcification or BMD was demonstrated.
Development of a degree-day model to predict the growth of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae): implication for vector control management
Authors: Abbasi Madineh , Oshaghi Mohammad Ali , Mehdi Sedaghat Mohammad , Hazratian Teimour , Rahimi Foroushani Abbas , Jafari-Koshki Tohid , Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi Mohammad , Reza Abai Mohammad , Vatandoost Hassan , Fekri Jaski Sajjad , Bozorg Omid Faramarz , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anopheles stephensi is an efficient vector of malaria parasites in Iran. Despite its importance in malaria transmission, there is a scarcity of accurate predictive models of its rates of development at different temperatures. A laboratory colony of An. stephensi, collected from Bandar Abbas County, southern Iran, was established, and all its developmental stages were maintained in temperature-controlled incubators so that the water temperature set at 5, 8, 10, 12.5, 14, 28, 38, 39.5, 42, and 45(±0.2) °C for different treatments until subsequent adult emergence. The Lower and Upper Developmental Temperatures (LDT and UDT) and the growth degree-day (GDD) were calculated for each development stage. A 12-mo population dynamics survey of the larvae and adults of An. stephensi was performed in 3 malaria-endemic villages (Geno, Hormoodar, and Sarkhoon) of Bandar Abbas County, and the obtained data were matched with the constructed GDD model. Based on the field meteorological and dynamics data, the model was verified in the field and used to determine the appropriate date to start spraying. The LDT was determined to be 8.19, 9.74, 8.42, 5.6, 13.57, and 10.03 °C for egg hatching, first, second, and third ecdysis, pupation, and eclosion events, respectively. The UDT was 38 °C for all developmental stages. The thermal requirement for the development of all immature stages of An stephensi was determined to be 187.7 (±56.3) GDD above the LDT. Therefore, the appropriate date to start residual spraying is when the region’s GDD reaches 187.7 (±56.3). Given the climatic conditions in Bandar Abbas County, it is expected that the first activity peak of adult An. stephensi would be in March. Field observations showed that An. stephensi activity starts in February and peaks in March. The GDD model can provide a good estimate for peak An. stephensi activity and indicate the optimal deployment time of residual spraying operations against the multiplication and development of malaria parasites inside the vector.
Presence of the causal agent of laurel wilt disease in sassafras-associated insects
Authors: Knutsen Morgan C , Rieske Lynne K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Laurel wilt disease (LWD) is a lethal vascular wilt caused by an exotic ambrosia beetle–fungal complex, the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, and its nutritional symbiont, Harringtonia lauricola (Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva) de Beer & Procter. LWD is responsible for the widespread mortality of redbay, Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng., devastating coastal forests in the southeast United States. More recently, LWD is causing mortality of understory sassafras, Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees, in deciduous forests in Kentucky, USA; the biology, epidemiology, and long-term impacts of LWD in deciduous forests are unclear. All North American lauraceous species evaluated have shown susceptibility, and numerous additional ambrosia beetles have demonstrated vector potential, but no studies to date have assessed the presence of H. lauricola in other insects associated with LWD-infected sassafras. We sampled infected sassafras from the leading edge of the LWD range and collected insect associates to evaluate phoretic and internal presence of H. lauricola. We recorded 118 individuals of 38 morphospecies emerging; most were Coleoptera. Of the 48 specimens evaluated for H. lauricola, none tested positive for phoretic presence, but internal presence was evident in the granulate ambrosia beetle, Xylosandrus crassiusculus Motschulsky, and in a hidden snout weevil, Apteromechus ferratus Say. This is the first report of H. lauricola associated with a non-ambrosia beetle and expands our understanding of the vector potential of additional insect species while confirming the role of the granulate ambrosia beetle. These findings contribute to our understanding of LWD epidemiology in sassafras hosts from more northerly latitudes.