bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal Relationship Between Cystatin C and Herpes zoster: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: liu hongtao , Zhou Fengkun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to examine the association between cysteine ​​C and Herpes zoster (HZ).
Method
We acquired data from the MR Base database and used Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the causal association between cysteine ​​C and HZ.
Results
We selected five single nucleotide polymorphisms from genome-wide association studies that were significantly associated with both cysteine ​​C and HZ. Inverse weighted variance (IVW) and weighted median methods showed that MCI had a protective effect on CP (IVW: β=-1.229, P = 0.010, odds ratio [OR] = 0.293, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.114–0.749; Weighted median: β=-1.328, P = 0.008, OR = 0.265, 95%CI = 0.100-0.705). However, MR-Egger analysis suggested no causal association (β=-1.642, P = 0.103, OR = 0.194, 95%CI = 0.048–0.774). The greater precision of weighted median estimator and IVW suggest our results may support a potential causal association between cysteine ​​C and HZ .
Conclusion
The MR analysis demonstrated that cysteine ​​C has a protective effect on HZ.
Efficiency of chemically activated raw and calcined waste fish bone for Adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from polluted water
Authors: Rashed Mohamed Nageeb , Gad Aleya Abd ElMoneam , Fathy Nada Magdy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Bone biochare is used widely as an adsorbent in water pollution control; because of its high surface area and pore volumes . This study is attempting to prepare a low cost adsorbent from waste fish bone by chemical activation, and uses it for the removal of Pb and Cd from polluted water. Two methods were used for preparation of fish bone adsorbents. The first method includes the chemical activation of waste fish bone using different chemical activators ( 0.001 M HNO3, 0.1 M NaOH, 0.5 % H2O2, and ethanol), while the second one includes calcination of waste fish bone after the chemical activation at 600oC. The synthesized fish bone adsorbents were characterized by electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), BET surface area, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The efficiency of the prepared adsorbents for removal of Pb and Cd were investigated as a function of contact time, solution pH, solution temperature, initial metal concentration, and adsorbent dose. Metal concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy . The results reveal that activation of the waste fish bone by 0.1 M NaOH is the suitable for the higher adsorption of Pb and Cd than with the other activators. The maximum adsorption of Pb and Cd on the chemically prepared adsorbent were 99.74 and 99.35 % , respectively at optimum conditions. The results of kinetic adsorption obeyed a pseudo-second-order model. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were applied , and the adsorption was found to be fitted well with the Langmuir model. This study ended with the success for preparing an ecofriendly and low cost fish bone adsorbent from the waste fish bone, and used it for the removal of Pb and Cd from polluted water
Hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone in aqueous phase on WO3 modified Ni/ZrO2 catalyst
Authors: Han Yujun , Shi Yinteng , Wang Dandan , Zhou Hantao , Chen Jixiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ni/ZrO2 (Ni/Zr) and Ni/WO3-ZrO2 (Ni/xWZr, x denotes WO3/ZrO2 mass ratios) were prepared by the impregnation-direct reduction method and tested for the aqueous phase hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone in an autoclave reactor. It has been found that the Ni-W alloy forms in Ni/xWZr, and a charge transfer occurs from Ni to W. The presence of W species promotes the Ni dispersion and increases the amounts of acid sites and spilt-over hydrogen species. This leads to higher hydrogenation and direct deoxygenation activity of Ni/xWZr than that of Ni/Zr. In addition, the W6+ and W4+ species, acted as Lewis acidic sites, may stabilize cyclohexanone and the hydrogenation of cyclohexanone to cyclohexanol is inhibited. Under suitable condition, the phenol conversion and the cyclohexanone selectivity reach 93.1% and 90.6% on Ni/0.8WZr, respectively.
Metabolomics links induced responses to the wheat pathogen – tan spot – (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) to the biosynthesis of flavonoids and bioenergetic metabolism
Authors: Ferreira Larissa Carvalho , Santana Flavio Martins , Scagliusi Sandra Maria Mansur , Beckmann Manfred , Mur Luis A. J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Tan Spot disease of wheat is caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr), and most of the yield loss is attributed to diseased flag leaves. Few sources of Ptr-resistant germplasm have been established so the responses of wheat to Ptr require further elucidation.
Objectives
The study aimed to characterise the flag-leaf metabolomes of two spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L. cv. PF 080719 [PF] and cv. Fundacep Horizonte [FH]) in response to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis infection to gain insights into pathogenicity and defence mechanisms associated with the Tan Spot disease.
Methods
PF and FH plants were inoculated with a Ptr strain that produces the necrotrophic toxin ToxA. The metabolic scenarios in flag leaves prior to (0 h) and during (24, 48, 72, and 96 h post-inoculation [hpi]) challenge with Ptr were investigated using untargeted flow infusion ionisation – high resolution mass spectroscopy (FIE-HRMS).
Results
At the flag-leaf stage, both cultivars displayed susceptibility to Ptr. Comparisons of Ptr- and mock-inoculated plants indicate a major metabolic shift occurred at 24 hpi in FH, and at 48 hpi in PF. In PF, there was a significant accumulation of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and glucosinolates. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that Ptr-triggered alterations in chloroplast and photosynthetic machinery in both cultivars, especially in FH at 96 hpi. In PF, alterations in sugar metabolism as well as in glycolysis and glucogenesis pathways were observed. In a wheat-Ptr interactome in integrative network analysis, the pathways “flavone and flavonol biosynthesis” and “starch and sucrose metabolism” were the key metabolic processes underlying PF-FH-Ptr interactions.
Conclusion
These observations suggest the potential importance of flavone and flavonol biosynthesis as well as bioenergetic shifts in susceptibility to Ptr. Further, they highlight the applicability of metabolomics to provide novel insights into wheat pathosystems.
Development and validation of a novel nomogram to predict the impact of the mutation of rs281430 on the prognosis of ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Naman Tuersunjiang , Abuduhalike Refukaiti , Abudouwayiti Aihaidan , Sun Juan , Mahemuti Ailiman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Object: This study investigated the correlation between polymorphisms of the ICAM-1 gene and prognosis of Ischemic cardiomyopathy（ICM）, and developed a prognostic model for predict the prognosis ICM on the basis of ICAM-1 gene variants.
​Method: The current study included totally 576 patients with ICM. In addition, PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) was used to genotype SNPs in the ICAM-1 gene in the patients. All patients randomly deveided into training group with 399 patients and validation group with 177 patients. construct the prognostic model by Using the data of training group. Univariable Cox-regression analysis were performed, include cilinical and gene variants, then used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model to optimize feature selection. Furthermore, multivariate Cox-regression was applied to build the prognostic nomogram model, which included clinical and gene features chosen by the LASSO regression model. Following that, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, C-index, calibration plot analyses and decision curve analysis (DCA) were carried out to evaluate the discrimination abilitiy，consistency, and clinical utility of the prognostic model.
Result: predicting factors rs281430, ventricular arrhythmia, treating by PCI or CABG, use of β-blockers, heart rate (HR), serum sodium level, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVDD) were the risk factors of the prognosis of ICM, incorporated these factors into the prognostic nomogram model. The constructed nomogram performed well in discrimination ability, as observed by the ROC and C-index. Furthermore, as shown by calibration curves，our nomogram’s predicted probabilities were highly consistent with measured values. With threshold probabilities, DCA suggested that our nomogram could be useful in the clinic.
​Conclusion: rs281430 mutation (from AA genotype to AG or GG genotype) is a risk factor for ICM patients to have a higher survival probability; the survival probability of ICM patients with the mutant genotype (AG or GG) is lower than those with the wild genotype (AA).
A Community-based Study on the Relationship between Chronic Condition Status, Social Determinants of Health, and Health Behaviors among Detroit Residents
Authors: Dean Caress , Milan Rebecca A. , Raja Maidah , Radhakrishnan Swathi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Compared to Michigan as a state, Detroit, the largest urban city in Michigan, has a substantially higher chronic condition burden. This study examined influential factors, including health beliefs, behavior tracking, and social determinants of health associated with Detroit residents' chronic condition status. Using a cross-sectional community-based study design, 394 Detroit residents were recruited from May 2019-August 2021 to complete a survey. To meet the study objectives, descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted using STATA MP17. Over 45% of participants self-reported having a chronic condition. Participants reported housing, food, healthcare, and stress as their top social determinants of health. Participants with a chronic condition had significantly higher adjusted odds (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.89) of requesting assistance with intermediary than structural determinants. This is one of the first studies to describe Detroit residents' self-reported needs by their chronic condition status. Residents' social needs are multifaceted and associated with chronic condition status. Residents would benefit from interprofessional collaborations to address their top social determinants and promote lifestyle changes.
Periosteal flaps allow for single stage reconstruction of larger full thickness eyelid defects: A retrospective study
Authors: Blumenthal Shoshana R. , Mohan Lauren S. , Knabel Daniel R. , Mori Westley , Demer Addison , Farah Ronda , Fiessinger Lori , Mattox Adam , Maher Ian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Full-thickness lower eyelid defects after Mohs micrographic surgery are frequently referred out to oculoplastic surgery for reconstruction. Reconstructive options include wedge closure with or without canthotomy/cantholysis and tarsoconjunctival sliding flaps. Defects >50% of the eyelid margin have traditionally required the two-stage Hughes flap, leaving the patient with monocular vision for 3-6 weeks until pedicle division.
Objective
To demonstrate single-stage periosteal flaps performed by dermatologic surgeons can result in safe, functional, and cosmetically acceptable repairs for large full thickness eyelid defects.
Materials and Methods
An institutional review board-approved retrospective study of repairs performed by two dermatologic surgeons between January 2017 and July 2021 at the University of Minnesota. Patient demographics, operative notes, and follow-up notes were reviewed. Defect and follow up photos were scored using a visual analogue scale to assess aesthetic results.
Results
Ten cases were included in the analysis. Six patients were male and the average age was 62 years old. 8/10 were basal cell carcinoma and 2/10 were melanoma. The mean defect was 9.5 cm2, with a range of 1 cm2 to 24 cm2. The median cosmetic score was 85.8 +/- 10.7. There were no serious complications reported.
Conclusion
Mohs micrographic surgeons can safely and successfully reconstruct large, full thickness eyelid defects by periosteal flap.
Anti-Ro52 positivity is associated with progressive interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis - an exploratory study
Authors: Hamberg Viggo , Sohrabian Azita , Volkmann Elizabeth R , Wildt Marie , Löfdahl Anna , Wuttge Dirk M. , Hesselstrand Roger , Dellgren Göran , Westergren-Thorsson Gunilla , Rönnelid Johan , Andréasson Kristofer 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common cause of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Prognostic biomarkers are needed to identify SSc-ILD patients at risk for progressive pulmonary fibrosis. This study investigates autoantibodies measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and in serum in reference to the clinical disease course of SSc-ILD.
Methods:
Fifteen patients with new onset SSc-ILD underwent bronchoscopy. Autoantibody levels were analyzed using addressable laser bead immunoassay from BAL fluid and the serum. In a separate longitudinal cohort of 43 patients with early SSc-ILD, autoantibodies in serum were measured at baseline and pulmonary function tests were performed at least 2 times over the course of at least 2 or more years. Linear mixed effect models were created to investigate the relationship between specific autoantibodies and progression of SSc-ILD. Finally, lung tissue from subjects with and without SSc was analyzed for the presence of the Ro52 antigen using immunohistochemistry.
Results:
Among SSc-ILD patients who were positive for anti-Ro52 (N=5), 3 (60%) had enrichment of anti-Ro52 in BAL fluid at a ratio exceeding 50x. In the longitudinal cohort, 10/43 patients (23%) were anti-Ro52 positive and 16/43 (37%) were anti-scl-70 positive. Presence of anti-Scl-70 was associated with a lower vital capacity (VC) at baseline (-12.6% predicted VC [%pVC]; 95%CI: -25.0, -0.29; p=0.045), but was not significantly associated with loss of lung function over time (-1.07 %pVC/year; 95%CI: -2.86, 0.71; p=0.230). The presence of anti-Ro52 was significantly associated with the loss of lung function over time (-2.41 %pVC/year; 95% CI: -4.28, -0.54; p = 0.013). Rate of loss of lung function increased linearly with increasing anti-Ro52 antibody levels (-0.03 %pVC per arbitrary units/mL and year; 95%CI: -0.05, -0.02; p<0.001). Immunohistochemical staining localized the Ro52 antigen to alveolar M2 macrophages in peripheral lung tissue both in subjects with and without SSc.
Conclusions:
This study suggests that antibodies targeting Ro52 are enriched in the lungs of patients with new-onset SSc-ILD, linking Ro52 autoimmunity to the pulmonary pathology of SSc. Clinical and immunohistochemical data corroborates these findings and suggest that anti-Ro52 may serve as a potential biomarker of progressive SSc-ILD.
Analysis of Codon Usage Bias of Thioredoxin in Apicomplexan Protozoa
Authors: Wang Dawei , Yang Baoling 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Apicomplexan protozoa are a diverse group of obligate intracellular parasites causing many diseases that affect humans and animals such as malaria, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis. Apicomplexan protozoa possess unique thioredoxins (Trxs) that have been shown to regulate various cellular processes including metabolic redox regulation, parasite survival, and host immune evasion. However, it is still unknown how synonymous codons are used by apicomplexan protozoa Trxs.
Methods
Codon Usage Bias (CUB) is the unequal usage of synonymous codons during translation which leads to the over or underrepresentation of certain nucleotide patterns. This imbalance in CUB can impact a variety of cellular processes including protein expression levels and genetic variation. This study analyzed the CUB of 32 Trx coding sequences (CDS) from 11 apicomplexan protozoa.
Results
The results showed that both codon base composition and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis revealed that AT-ended codons were more frequently used in Cryptosporidium spp. and Plasmodium spp., while the Eimeria spp., Babesia spp., Hammondia hammondi, Neospora caninum, and Toxoplasma gondii tended to end in G/C. The average effective number of codons (ENC) value of these apicomplexan protozoa is 46.59, which is > 35, indicating a weak codon preference among apicomplexan protozoa Trxs. Furthermore, the correlation analysis among codon base composition (GC1, GC2, GC3, GCs), codon adaptation index (CAI), codon bias index (CBI), frequency of optimal codons (FOP), ENC, general average hydropathicity (GRAVY), aromaticity (AROMO), length of synonymous codons (L_sym) and length of amino acids (L_aa) indicated the influence of base composition and codon usage indices on CUB. Additionally, the neutrality plot analysis, PR2-bias plot analysis, and ENC-GC3 plot analysis further demonstrated that natural selection plays an important role in apicomplexan protozoa Trxs codon bias.
Conclusions
In conclusion, this study increased the understanding of codon usage characteristics and genetic evolution of apicomplexan protozoa Trxs, which expanded new ideas for protein function research.
Insights into the biochar-respiratory growth of a model methanogen
Authors: Huang Rui , Tang Chuyan , Zhao Yameng , Liu Lina , Chen Jiazhe , Shi Zhirui , Yan Zhen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Biochar is ubiquitous in diverse natural and engineered anaerobic systems. The biogeochemical roles of biochar during its production, storage and dynamics show an involvement in the global methane flux that is governed by methanotrophs and methanogens. Understanding of the relevant mechanisms is currently restricted to the roles of biochar in the methanotrophic growth but less is known of the roles in methanogenic growth. Here, we demonstrated that biochar enhanced methanogenic growth of a model methanogen Methanosarcina acetivorans, and the role of biochar as an electron acceptor during the methanogenic growth was confirmed, referring as biochar-respiratory growth. The biochar-respiratory growth of M. acetivorans promoted the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with augmented electron transfer capability, and the removal of EPS significantly attenuated extracellular electron transfer. Identification and quantification of prosthetic cofactors for EPS suggest an important role of flavin and F420 in the extracellular electron transfer. Transcriptomic analysis provided more insights into the biochar-respiratory growth of M. acetivorans to show that transcriptional regulation positively responded to the favorable growth environment provided by biochar, thereby stimulating global methanogenesis. Our results enlighten the in situ roles of biochar in the ecophysiology of methanogens in diverse anaerobic environments.
Improved Energy Formula for Highly Excited Vibrational States of Kratzer-Fues Oscillator
Authors: Molski Marcin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A mixed supersymmetric-algebraic approach is employed to derive an improved Kratzer-Fues energy formula, which describes the highly excited states of vibrating diatomic systems. The approach proposed has been used to reproduce the coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectra generated by the vibrational transitions (ν < 6) of the nitrogen molecule 14N2 in the ground electronic state X1Σ+g and the energy levels (v < 42) of dioxygen 16O2 in the ground electronic state X3Σ− g . The model includes v-dependence of the potential depth D0 → Dv and interatomic equilibrium separation r0 → rv and can be used to describe vibrations of diatomic molecules in which nonadiabatic vibrational effects play a significant role.
NK-PMC: A new exact branch and bound parallel algorithm for the maximum clique problem
Authors: Kadivar Mehdi , Mohammadi Neda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

For a given graph, finding a clique of maximum size is a well-known NP-hard problem that is a fundamental problem in combinatorial optimization and real-world applications. This paper reduces the problem into some smaller independent sub-problems and presents an efficient parallel algorithm. For each vertex, a core number-based sub-set of its neighbors is defined and shown that the maximum clique, including the vertex, is a subset of one of these neighbor sub-sets. Accordingly, we can define sub-problems to find the maximum clique by searching on the neighbor sub-sets separately, and create the independent sub-problems that can be solved in parallel. An other advantage is that our search areas are the neighbor sub-sets that, relative to the neighbor sets, have smaller sizes. Computational experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the previous well-known algorithm for many instances when applied to DIMACSbenchmark graphs and a number of real-world networks.
YAP1-TEAD4-DKK1 is an effective target for inhibiting radiation resistance in esophageal squamous carcinoma and activation of the pathway may be related to poor prognosis of patients
Authors: Wang Ye , Feng A Lei , Nie Yuanliu , Zhang Wentao , Zhao Yi , Yao Guangyue , Wei Yanjun , Yang Zhe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The resistance to radiationtherapy is responsible for the poor prognosis of ESCC(esophageal squamous cell carcinoma). Our previous clinical study confirmed that YAP1 gene amplification is one of the poor prognostic indicators of radical chemoradiotherapy for ESCC. However, the underlying mechanism by which YAP1 mediates radio-resistance still remained poorly understood. Here we aim to explore the combined guiding value and related action mechanism of YAP1 and its downstream target gene Dickkopf-related protein 1(DKK1) in the treatment of ESCC.
Methods
We collected the clinical information and tissues of 94 ESCC patients and histodochemistry and survival analysis were performed.Using Western, co-IP, CHIP and luciferase experiments to verify the expression and regulatory relationship of YAP1 and DKK1. We also performed cell viability, transwell, Immunofluorescence of γ-H2AX and clonogenic assay to investigate the proliferation capacity and radiation sensitivity of KYSE510 cells and KYSE150 cells after lentiviral-transfected cell lines were constructed. Finally, Tumor growth curves of mices were used to verify the relationship between cell viability and radiation sensitivity.
Results
Cell experiments demonstrated that YAP1 overexpression promoted the malignant phenotype of ESCC cells and DNA damage repair to mediate radioresistance. In our present study, YAP1 and DKK1 were firstly found to have a synergistic predictive value for ESCC prognosis. Both knockdown YAP1 and application of YAP1 inhibitor repressed transcriptional activation of DKK1. The CHIP experiment and luciferase reporter showed that YAP1 activated DKK1 directly through its transcription factor TEAD4, which both affected the proliferation and migration ability of esophageal cancer cells. Moreover, the application of the YAP1 inhibitor CA3 combined with X-rays could significantly suppressed the xenograft tumor formation.
Conclusion
In conclusion, our study uncovers the role and mechanisms through which YAP1 and DKK1 as key regulators of radiotherapy resitance. YAP1/TEAD4 directly regulated the expression of DKK1, both participated in cell radioresistance, proliferation, migration and invasion and may be a potential joint predictor of ESCC.
Superconducting type transition by proximity effect between a frustrated antiferromagnetic insulator and a normal metal
Authors: Pimentel Dyvison Pedreira 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A superconductor-like transition in a copper channel is observed when an antiferromagnetic layer is in contact with this channel. This reminds the superconducting cuprates that from the phase diagram one observes an antiferromagnetic phase close to the superconducting phase. In my proposal, there is a subtle difference, the magnetic phase is not killed as in cuprates. [Cu2(OH)3Cl] was used as the antiferromagnetic insulator and Copper (Cu) as the normal metal. The copper conductive channel is formed by applying a voltage of 70 V.