bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clarifying the identity of marketed edible fungus Huotanjun (Burnt Charcoal Mushroom) in southern China
Authors: Huang Lian-hui , Wang Jing , Li Shu-hong , Qin Wei-qiang , Li Hai-jiao , Wang Xiang-Hua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Huotanjun (Burnt Charcoal Mushroom) is a group of edible mushrooms widely hunted and eaten in southern China. Taxonomically they belong to Russula sect. Nigricantinae. Confusion with the fatal R. subnigricans cause many poisoning incidents in Asia. For a long time, European names were used in Asia but the Asian genotypes are not the same as European species. We studied specimens collected from markets and the field in southern China. Analysis of four DNA loci (ITS, nc LSU, TEF1-α, RPB2) showed that except for a specimen of R. adusta from subalpine Abies forest in southwestern China, all the specimens represent species different from European and North American ones, suggesting prevalent continental endemism in this group. Four new species were described. Among them R. sinoadusta and R. zhuzuijun are Asian counterparts of R. adusta; R. brunneocystidia and R. huotanjun are closely related with European R. densifolia and R. fuliginosa. These species are highly similar to their European siblings and the morphological differences are very subtle. Using multi-locus data, for the first time, we determined the phylogenetic position of R. subnigricans. It was nested in R. sect. Nigricantinae and sister to R. latolamellata, a species also having distant lamellae and only reddening context. Geographically except for R. sinoadusta known only from China, all species are shared by China and Japan. We analyzed presence/absence of the diagnostic toxin of R. subnigricans cycloprop-2-ene carboxylic acid for 12 species and did not detect the polymeric products in any of them but R. subnigricans. Nevertheless, considering several potentially edible species also have spaced lamellae and only reddening discolouration which can be easily confused with R. subnigricans, we strongly recommend to only eat species with decidedly blackening context and gills.
Exploring indigenous fruits and vegetables with potential cardiometabolic health benefits: Understanding barriers and facilitators to consumption
Authors: Kiyimba Tonny , Yiga Peter , Bamuwamye Michael , VanDamme Eline , Ogwok Patrick , Schueren Bart Van der , Matthys Christophe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Indigenous Fruits and Vegetables (IFV) may offer sustainable remedy for the surging cardiometabolic dysfunction in sub–Saharan Africa. In Uganda consumption of IFV is pervasively low, despite a rich diversity. Our study aimed to catalogue IFV reputed for cardiometabolic benefits as well as understand the determinants of consumption. We collected data around the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA) through Focus Group Discussions (FGD), Key Informant Interviews (KII) and market surveys. Participants for the FGD were recruited from the general population while for KII, farmers, ethnobotanists, nutritionists, herbalists, and health workers were interviewed. We conducted surveys in supermarkets and open-air markets together with explorative interviews with market vendors. Discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. We performed phenolic characterisation of the identified IFV using Phenol-Explorer and PhytoHub databases. Eleven FGD (84 participants), 19 KII, and 12 food market surveys were conducted. Participants ages ranged from 19 to 80 years. Three out of the 11 FGD were conducted among younger adults (19–34 years). Tamarindus indica, Cleome gynandra, Solanum anguivi, and Hibiscus sabdariffa were most cited as potent against cardiometabolic dysfunctions. T. indica had the highest levels of total polyphenols. Consumption was influenced by the sensory appeal, awareness of health benefits, seasonality and social misconceptions whereby IFV are considered food for the poor or linked to food insecurity. Other barriers to IFV consumption were observed to be low food preparation skills, food safety concerns, and the diversity of fast foods. Young adults had low knowledge of IFV and were less willing to consume IFV. Food market survey revealed a scarcity of fresh and processed IFV. Our study revealed that several IFV may have beneficial cardiometabolic benefits, but consumption is impeded by several food environment constraints.
Automatic dental age calculation using orthopantomogram and deep learning
Authors: Kokomoto Kazuma , Kariya Rina , Muranaka Aya , Okawa Rena , Nakano Kazuhiko , Nozaki Kazunori 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Dental age is crucial for treatment planning in pediatric and orthodontic dentistry. Dental age calculation methods can be categorized into morphological, biochemical, and radiological methods. Radiological methods are commonly used because they are non-invasive and reproducible. When radiographs are available, dental age can be calculated by evaluating the developmental stage of permanent teeth and converting it into an estimated age using a table, or by measuring the length between some landmarks such as the tooth, root, or pulp, and substituting them into regression formulas. However, these methods heavily depend on manual classification or measurement and are time-consuming in daily clinical practice. In this study, we proposed a novel, completely automatic dental age calculation pipeline from panoramic radiographs without time-consuming processes using various deep learning techniques.
Methods: Overall, 8,023 panoramic radiographs were used as training data for Scaled-YOLOv4 to detect dental germs. In total, 18,485 single-root and 16,313 multi-root dental germ images were used as training data for EfficientNetV2 M to classify the developmental stages of detected dental germs. 157 panoramic radiographs were used to compare automatic and manual human experts' dental age calculations.
Results: Our dental germ detection was achieved with a mean average precision of 98.26, and dental germ classifier for single and multi root were achieved with a Top-3 accuracy of 98.46% and 98.36%, respectively. A mean absolute error of 0.261 years was achieved compared with human experts.
Conclusion: Our novel pipeline is expected to support dentists by reducing time for dental age calculations with clinically acceptable performance.
Validation of remote anthropometric measurements in a rural randomized pediatric clinical trial in primary care settings
Authors: Zhang E , Davis Ann M. , Jimenez Elizabeth Yakes , Lancaster Brittany , Serrano-Gonzalez Monica , Chang Di , Lee Jeannette , Lai Jin-Shei , Pyles Lee , VanWagoner Timothy , Darden Paul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Rural children are more at risk for childhood obesity but may have difficulty participating in pediatric weight management clinical trials if in-person visits are required. Remote assessment of height and weight observed via videoconferencing may provide a solution by improving the accuracy of self-reported data. This study aims to validate a low-cost, scalable video-assisted protocol for remote height and weight measurements in children and caregivers.
Methods: Families were provided with a low-cost digital scale and tape measure and a standardized protocol for remote measurements. Thirty-three caregiver and child (6-11 years old) dyads completed remote (at home) height and weight measurements while being observed via videoconferencing by research staff, as well as in-person measurements with research staff in the clinic. We compared the overall and absolute mean differences in child and caregiver weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and child BMI adjusted Z-score (BMIaz) between remote and in-person measurements using paired samples t-tests and one sample t-tests, respectively. Bland-Altman plots were used to estimate the limits of agreement (LOA) and assess systematic bias. Simple and multivariable regressions were used to examine whether sociodemographic factors and the number of days between measurements were associated with measurement discrepancies.
Results: Overall mean differences in child and caregiver weight, height, BMI, and child BMIaz were not significantly different between remote and in-person measurements. LOAs were -2.1 and 1.7 kg for child weight, -5.2 and 4.0 cm for child height, -1.5 and 1.7 kg/m2 for child BMI, -0.4 and 0.5 SD for child BMIaz, -3.0 and 2.8 kg for caregiver weight, -2.9 and 3.9 cm for caregiver height, and -2.1 and 1.6 kg/m2 for caregiver BMI. Absolute mean differences were significantly different between the two approaches for all measurements. Child sociodemographic variables, caregiver education level, or time between measurements were not significantly associated with measurement discrepancies.
Conclusions: Remotely observed weight and height measurements using non-research grade equipment may be a feasible and valid approach for pediatric clinical trials in rural communities. However, researchers should carefully evaluate their measurement precision requirements and intervention effect size to determine whether remote height and weight measurements suit their studies.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04142034. Registered October 29, 2019
Multi-attribute optimization and influence assessment methodology of casting process parameters combined with integrated MADM and Taguchi method
Authors: Yang Won-Chol , Yang Ji-Yon , Kim Ryong-Chol , Om Myong-Song , Kim Un-Ha , Ri Wi-Sing , Sok Sun-Hak 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Many practical casting process optimization problems are ascribable to multi-attribute optimization problems with multiple conflicting quality attributes. This paper proposes a reasonable multi-attribute optimization and influence assessment methodology of casting process parameters combined with integrated multi-attribute decision making (MADM) and Taguchi method. The proposed methodology consists of the following steps: (1) design experiment arrangement based on Taguchi orthogonal array, and measure the multiple quality attributes of the castings at every experimental trials, (2) calculate the comprehensive quality score (CQS) values of the experimental trials using some MADM methods, (3) calculate the final CQS (FCQS) values of the experimental trials by integrating the CQS values from some MADM methods (Integrated MADM method), (4) calculate the mean FCQS values of the casting process parameters at the different levels, (5) calculate the ranges of mean FCQS values and influence indices of the casting process parameters, and (6) determine optimal casting process parameters to maximize the comprehensive quality of the castings. The proposed methodology is applied to optimize the casting process parameters and assess their influences for A356 aluminum alloy sand casting to illustrate its effectiveness. The methodology could be widely used to many practical casting process optimization problems.
Targeting the Receptor Binding Domain and Heparan Sulfate Binding for Antiviral Drug Development against SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Yang Zi-Sin , Li Tzong-Shiun , Chang Cheng-Chung , Chien Ching-Ming 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a highly infectious virus responsible for the COVID − 19 pandemic. The increased transmission rate led to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants. In viral infection, the receptor-binding domain (RBD) proteins are essential role in binding to the host receptor. Others, Heparan sulfate (HS), widely distributed on the surface of host cells, is thought to play an important role in the viral infection cycle of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it might be a reasonable strategy for antiviral drug design to interference with the RBD in the HS binding site. In this study, we used computational approaches to analyze multiple sequences of coronaviruses and reveal important information about the binding of HS to RBD in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Our results showed that the potential hot-spots, including F456, R457 and S459 in RBD, exhibited strong interactions in the HS-RBD binding region. Therefore, we screened different compounds in the natural product database towards these hot-spots to find potential antiviral candidates using LibDock and MD simulation in Discovery Studio 2019. The results showed six potential natural compounds, including acetoside, chrysin 6-C-arabinoside 8-C-glucoside (CAG), hyperoside, isoquercitrin, oroxyloside and chrysin 6-C-glucoside 8-C-arabinoside (CGA) had strong binding ability to the RBD. Our results demonstrate a feasible approach to identify potential antiviral agents through the evaluation of the binding interaction between viral glycoproteins and host receptors. The present study provided the applications of the structure-based computational approach for the design and development of new antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Multiple stressors effects on nitrate uptake vary across benthic and hyporheic compartments
Authors: Pasqualini Julia , Graeber Daniel , Bartusch Alexander , Kümmel Steffen , Hernandez Zulma Lorena Duran , Musat Niculina , Sunjidma Nergui , Weitere Markus , Brauns Mario 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Agricultural land use strongly alters nitrate (NO3) dynamics in headwater streams, but the specific mechanisms linking agricultural stressors to benthic and hyporheic NO3 uptake remain unclear. Using stream-side mesocosms and 15N-NO3 additions, we examined the individual and combined effects of fine sediment and eutrophication (i.e., increased phosphorus and light levels) on NO3 uptake in the benthic and hyporheic compartment. Eutrophication increased benthic uptake rates by 12-fold compared to the control, as phosphorus and light additions stimulated biofilm growth. Eutrophication increased hyporheic NO3 uptake by 7-fold relative to the control, this was likely due to enhanced heterotrophic uptake, which benefited from phosphorus and dissolved organic material exudated by benthic algae. The fine sediment treatment did not change benthic uptake relative to the control but increased hyporheic uptake by 14-fold. This was due to anoxic conditions, which may have stimulated hyporheic denitrification. In the combined treatment, eutrophication exerted dominance effects in the benthic compartment, while we found antagonistic stressor interactions in the hyporheic compartment. Our findings indicate that the significant effects of agriculture on NO3 uptake observed previously in field conditions may be primarily attributed to eutrophication and only marginally to other stressors, such as fine sediment. Moreover, our compartment-specific results imply that results obtained in the benthic compartment can not be transferred to the hyporheic compartment. We advocate a compartment-specific approach when quantifying stressor effects on NO3 uptake. Such approaches will help to increase the accuracy of effect size estimates, which are essential for managing functional attributes of streams subjected to agricultural land use.
Car Occupant Injuries and Trends: Over Two Decades of Data from a National Trauma Registry
Authors: Goldman Sharon , Cohen-Manheim Irit , Radomislensky Irina , Savitsky Bella , Group Israel Trauma , Bodas Moran 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
During the past two decades, there have been many changes in automotive and medical technologies, road infrastructure, trauma systems, and demographic changes which may have influenced injury outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine injury trends among hospitalized road casualties, specifically private car occupants.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed based on data from the Israel National Trauma Registry. The data included occupants of private cars hospitalized due to a traffic collision related injury between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2019. Demographic, injury and hospitalization characteristics and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. Chi-squared (X2) test, multivariable logistic regression models and Spearman's rank correlation were used to analyze injury data and trends.
Results
During the study period, 21,173 private car occupants (14,078 drivers, 4,527 front passengers, and 2,568 rear passengers) were hospitalized in six level I trauma centers in Israel. The percentage of females hospitalized due to a car crash increased from 37.7% in 1998 to 53.7% in 2019. Over a twofold increase in hospitalizations among older adult drivers (ages 65+) was observed, from 6.5% in 1998 to 15.7% in 2018 and 12.6% in 2019. While no increase was observed for severe traumatic brain injury, a statistically significant increase in severe abdominal and thoracic injuries was observed among the non-Jewish population.
Conclusions
The outcomes provide a glance at injury and demographic trends among car occupants during the past two decades. The finding should be used in designing recommendations and interventions for reducing injury and disability among car occupants.
Fat quantification in the sacroiliac joint syndesmosis – a new semi- automatic volumetric approach
Authors: Poilliot Amélie , Zeissloff Louis , Ondruschka Benjamin , Hammer Niels 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Fat is physiologically embedded within the interosseous ligaments in the posterior sacroiliac (PSIJ). This composite of fat and ligaments is hypothesised to serve a shock-absorbing, stabilising function for the sacroiliac joint and the lumbopelvic transition region. Using a novel Python-based software (VolSEQ), total PSIJ volume and fat volume was computed semi-automatically. Differences within the cohort and the viability of the program for the quantification of fat in routine CT scans were assessed. In 39 CT scans of heathy patients the PSIJ were first manually segmented as a region of interest (ROI) in OSIRIX. Within VolSEQ, ‘fat’ Hounsfield units (− 150 to − 50 HU) are selected and patient DICOM files of the patient and associated region of interest file from OSIRIX were imported and the pixel sub volumes were then automatically computed. Volume comparisons were made between sexes, sides and ages (≤ 30, 31–64 and > 65 years). PSIJ volumes in both software (VolSeq vs OSIRIX) were non-different (both 9.7 ± 2.8cm3; p = 0.9). Total PSIJ volume (p = 0.3) and fat volume (p = 0.7) between sexes was non-different. A significant difference in total PSIJ volume between sexes (p < 0.01) but not in fat volume (p = 0.3) was found only in the ≥ 65 years cohort. Fat volume within the PSIJ remains unchanged throughout life. PSIJ volume is sex-dependant after 65 years. VolSEQ is a viable and user-friendly method for sub-volume quantification of tissues in CT.
Role of endothelial hyaluronan in peritoneal membrane transport and disease conditions during peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Kamiya Keisuke , Hatayama Naoyuki , Tawada Mitsuhiro , Asai Akimasa , Yamauchi Mai , Kinashi Hiroshi , Kunoki Shunnosuke , Yamaguchi Makoto , Mizuno Masashi , Suzuki Yasuhiro , Banshodani Masataka , Ishimoto Takuji , Naito Munekazu , Kawanishi Hideki , Ito Yasuhiko 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Peritoneal membrane dysfunction in peritoneal dialysis (PD) is primarily attributed to angiogenesis; however, the integrity of vascular endothelial cells can affect peritoneal permeability. Hyaluronan, a component of the endothelial glycocalyx, is reportedly involved in preventing proteinuria in the normal glomerulus. One hypothesis suggests that development of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is triggered by protein leakage due to vascular endothelial injury. We therefore investigated the effect of hyaluronan in the glycocalyx on peritoneal permeability and disease conditions. After hyaluronidase-mediated degradation of hyaluronan on the endothelial cells of mice, macromolecules, including albumin and β2 microglobulin, leaked into the dialysate. However, peritoneal transport of small solute molecules was not affected. Pathologically, hyaluronan expression was diminished; however, expression of vascular endothelial cadherin and heparan sulfate, a core protein of the glycocalyx, was preserved. Hyaluronan expression on endothelial cells was studied in 254 human peritoneal membrane samples. Hyaluronan expression decreased in patients undergoing long-term PD treatment and EPS patients treated with conventional solutions. Furthermore, the extent of hyaluronan loss correlated with the severity of vasculopathy. Hyaluronan on endothelial cells is involved in the peritoneal transport of macromolecules. Treatment strategies that preserve hyaluronan in the glycocalyx could prevent the leakage of macromolecules and subsequent related complications.
Clinicopathological Profile of Neurotuberculosis in Children
Authors: Agrawal Poonam , satpathy saroj , AGRAWAL Hemang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Tuberculosis is common, especially in developing countries such as India. It is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Neurotuberculosis is the most severe and life threatening form of disease in children.Methods This was a prospective observational study, designed with the objective to study neurotuberculosis in paediatric age group. Detailed history, examination and outcome were collected in a predesigned proforma from patients under 14 years of age admitted with neurotuberculosis from October 2014 to October 2016. Data was analysed using Microsoft excel 2016.Results This study included 50 cases with male to female ratio of 1.4:1. The maximum incidence of neurotuberculosis was found in 6 months-3 years age group (58%). History of contact with known case was ascertained in 38% of cases, BCG scar was present in 62% of cases. The most common symptom was found to be fever (90% cases), followed by altered sensorium (70% cases), convulsion (64%). Mantoux test was found to be positive in 22% cases. Out of all cases 22% recovered completely, 30% cases died and 48% developed sequelae.Conclusion In children, clinical features remain inconclusive for diagnosing neurotuberculosis. Neurotuberculosis continues to be associated with high rate mortality in children of countries like India with high burden of TB.
Effectiveness and learning experience from undergraduate nursing students in surgical nursing skills course: A quasi- experiment study about blend learning
Authors: Li YanRan , Wang Pan , Li Wen , Li Shuwen , Su Dan , Zhang Ting 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Blended learning is increasingly being adopted, and yet a gap remains in the related literature pertaining to its skill performance, learning engagement and inner experience in undergraduate surgical nursing skills courses.
Objectives:
To investigate the changes in skills performance and learning engagement in the application of blended learning, and what it actually brings to nursing students
Design: The study uses an asynchronous, two-armed, mixed and quasi-experimental design.
Methods: The blended learning version of the course was offered to the 2019 class of 334 nursing undergraduates. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected after the course to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the course effects compared with the 304 nursing undergraduates of grade 2017 who adapted traditional learning. Quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using IBM SPSS 26.0,and qualitative data were encoded using Nvivo11.0.
Results: There were significant differences in skill performance and learning engagement between the class of 2017 and 2019 (p<0.001). Combined with further analysis of the interview data, 3 first-level nodes and 8 secondary nodes were determined. Students’ opinions, comments and suggestions on the application of blended learning are refreshing.
Conclusion: Blended learning improves the learning effect and nursing students’ learning experience. The findings provide an effective foundation for promoting reform in nursing teaching via blended first-class curriculum construction.