bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the impact of generative adversarial models on the performance of anomaly intrusion detection
Authors: Arafah Mohammad , Phillips Iain , Adnane Asma 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the increasing rate and types of cyber attacks against information systems and communication infrastructures, many tools are needed to detect and mitigate against such attacks, for example, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs). Unfortunately, traditional Signature‐based IDSs (SIDSs) perform poorly against previously unseen adversarial attacks. Anomaly‐based IDSs (AIDSs) use Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) approaches to overcome these limitations. However, AIDS performance can be poor when trained on imbalanced datasets. To address the challenge of AIDS performance caused by these unbalanced training datasets, generative adversarial models are proposed to obtain adversarial attacks from one side and analyse their quality from another. According to extensive usage and reliability criteria for generative adversarial models in different disciplines, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Bidirectional GAN (BiGAN), and Wasserstein GAN (WGAN) are employed to serve AIDS. The authors have extensively assessed their abilities and robustness to deliver high‐quality attacks for AIDS. AIDSs are constructed, trained, and tuned based on these models to measure their impacts. The authors have employed two datasets: NSL‐KDD and CICIDS‐2017 for generalisation purposes, where ML and DL approaches are utilised to implement AIDSs. Their results show that the WGAN model outperformed GANs and BiGAN models in binary and multiclass classifications for both datasets.
Evaluation of antenna and relay scheme for cooperative non‐orthogonal multiple access
Authors: Balyan Vipin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn antenna selection followed by a relay selection scheme (ASRS) is proposed for cooperative non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)‐based network. The proposed work selects an antenna to maximise the instantaneous rate of poor channel condition users while providing good quality of services (QoS). The outage probability performance of the proposed scheme is plotted for different antenna configuration while varying the SNR and distance with variable number of antennas and available relays. The fairness factor of the proposed work is also discussed, considering three different density areas. The proposed scheme is compared with novel schemes in literature for average sum rate and average energy efficiency to show its superiority.
Cross layer protocol architecture for spectrum‐based routing in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Suseela R. Sri Uma , Murthy Korlapati Satyanarayana , Valiveti Hima Bindu , Akhtaruzzaman Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNew cell phone services and apps consume more spectrum. Wireless spectrum allows services and apps to communicate with one another. Wi‐Fi quality is improved via smart spectrum usage and new CRT services. The use of spectrum is beneficial. Cross‐layer architecture improves the energy efficiency of wireless networks. System performance is improved by connecting protocol layers. Cross‐layer configuration does not introduce layer functionality into a network. By protecting networks, cross‐layer design increases communication. C‐LNRD uses self‐determined time slots to promote communication. Agents that collect information. At each level, the monitoring agent monitors traffic, time, and topology. Each layer of agents has its own database. Data is received by the network, MAC, and physical layers. Based on its measurements, each node grants trust. Routes were altered. PR ATTACK does not have RTS, CTS, or RREQ to reduce false positives. Spectrum allocation is improved via cognitive radio and learning technologies. Adaptive Cognitive Radio Networks are created using AI, GA, Fuzzy Logic, and Game Theory (ACRN). DSA creates high‐bandwidth MCRNs. This research looks at MCRNs in order to optimise spectrum usage, throughput, routing delay, and overhead. Multihop, the proposed approach by CRN takes into account spectrum awareness, quality route establishment, and route maintenance in the event that a connection fails due to spectrum or a node transfer. New strategies improve the cross‐layer network protocols of MCRN. Learners gain from spectrum models. Sensors and routers are linked by layers. The proposed routing improves both performance and spectrum use.
Depth comparison of common inductor and common capacitor passive current sharing methods for multiphase LLC converter
Authors: Sun Zhifeng , Wu Qunfang , Wang Qin , Xiao Lan , Ren Jiangli , Hui Xiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCommon inductor (CIM) and common capacitor (CCM) passive current‐sharing methods have the advantages of simple implementation and low cost. However, there is still a lack of detailed comparative research on the two methods, which makes researchers confused when choosing the two methods. To provide clear scheme guidance, this paper provides a detailed comparison of the performance of the two methods. Firstly, this paper reveals the difference between the current waveforms of the two methods, that is, the current waveform of the CIM method is distorted, while the CCM method is non‐distorted. Then, the mechanism of the above phenomenon is analysed in depth. Secondly, for comparing the current sharing performance of the two methods, the first harmonic approximation (FHA) equivalent circuit model considering parasitic parameters is established to obtain the system's current sharing error model, and the parameter sensitivity analysis is provided. Finally, the relationship between the current waveform, current sharing error, and load ripple of the two methods is discussed. Then, based on the two methods, a more attractive common resonate tanks (CRT) current‐sharing method is proposed. The correctness of the view in this paper has been verified by extensive simulations and experiment results.
Leveraging Large Language Models (LLM) for the Plastic Surgery Resident Training: Do They Have a Role?
Authors: Mohapatra Devi Prasad , Thiruvoth Friji Meethale , Tripathy Satyaswarup , Rajan Sheeja , Vathulya Madhubari , Lakshmi Palukuri , Singh Veena K. , Haq Ansar Ul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Large language models (LLMs) are designed for recognizing, summarizing, translating, predicting, and generating text-based content from knowledge gained from extensive data sets. ChatGPT4 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4) (OpenAI, San Francisco, California, United States) is a transformer-based LLM model pretrained on public data as well as data obtained from third-party sources using deep learning techniques of fine tuning and reinforcement learning from human feedback to predict the next text. We wanted to explore the role of LLM as a teaching assistant (TA) in plastic surgery.
Material and Methods TA roles were first identified in available literature, and based on the roles, a list of suitable tasks was created where LLM could be used to perform the task. Prompts designed to be fed in to the LLM (specifically ChatGPT) to generate appropriate output, were then created and fed to the ChatGPT model. The outputs generated were scored by evaluators and compared for interobserver agreement.
Results A final set of eight TA roles were identified where a LLM could be utilized to generate content. These contents were scored for usefulness and accuracy. These were scored independently by the eight study authors in a scoring sheet created for the study. Interobserver agreements for content accuracy, usefulness, and clarity were 100% for content generated for the following: interactive case studies (generation), simulation of preoperative consultations, and generation of ethical considerations.
Discussion LLMs in general and ChatGPT (on which this study is based) in specific, can generate answers to questions and prompts based on huge amount of text fed into the model for training the underlying language model. The answers generated have been found to be accurate, readable, and even indistinguishable from human-generated text. This capability of automated content synthesis can be exploited to generate summaries to text, answer short and long answers, and generate case scenarios. We could identify a few such scenarios where the LLM could in general be utilized to play the role of a TA and aid plastic surgery residents in particular. In addition, these models could also be used by students to obtain feedback and gain reflection which itself stimulates critical thinking.
Conclusion Incorporating LLMs into the educational arsenal of plastic surgery residency programs can provide a dynamic, interactive, and individualized learning experience for residents and prove to be worthy TAs of future.
Family psychological wealth, peer pressure, and corruption tendencies of adolescent students in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Iheanacho Rowland A. E. , Oyo-Ita Margaret E. , Ofoegbu Jude U. , Akpan Nsikan A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study investigated the relationship between family psychological wealth, peer pressure, and corruption tendencies of adolescent Senior Secondary Two (SS2) students in Calabar Metropolis of Cross River State, Nigeria. The influence of gender on the corruption tendencies of these adolescent students was also investigated. The sample was made up of 814 respondents from 22 public and private secondary schools in Calabar Metropolis. A questionnaire with the following title was the tool used to gather the data: “Family Psychological Wealth, Peer Pressure and Corruption Tendencies Questionnaire” (FPWPPCTQ). This was constructed by the researchers and validated by Educational Psychologists and experts in Test, Measurement, and Evaluation. The reliability coefficient obtained by using the Cronbach reliability coefficient method was 0.76. Three hypotheses were formulated to direct the study and were tested with the aid of the Mann–Whitney U-test and Spearman’s rank correlation. The outcome revealed a significant difference between the corruption tendencies of male and female students with male students showing a greater tendency towards corruption. A significant negative relationship was obtained between family psychological wealth and corruption tendencies among adolescent SS2 students in Calabar Metropolis. Peer pressure and students’ corruption tendencies were found to be significantly and positively correlated. Family psychological wealth could, therefore, be explored to check Nigeria’s endemic corruption which persists despite the establishment of anti-corruption institutions. Non-governmental organizations should be encouraged to empower the boy child through counselling, mentorship, and educational assistance to reduce their tendency to corruption.
Marketing Analysis of Betta Fish (Betta sp.) Cultivation in Semarang City
Authors: Rahmatulloh Mohammad Rizkinanda , Elfitasari Tita , Windarto Seto 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Semarang city is one of the cities in Indonesia which has quite developed ornamental fish potential, one of which is betta fish (Betta sp.). Betta fish or Betta sp (Betta splendens) is an ornamental fish commodity that is well known among Indonesian people. The characteristics of this ornamental fish it has a beautiful color and a tail fin that is long and also wide with a variety of shapes. Apart from its beauty, betta fish are easy to cultivate and can be a profitable business prospect. The aims of this research are to identify the marketing flow, marketing margin, and farmer’s share of betta fish cultivation in Semarang City. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The data analyzed are marketing flow, marketing margin, and farmer’s share. Respondents were determined using 2 methods, namely purposive sampling, and snowball. The number of respondents were 5 people with details of 3 fish farmers, 1 trader, and 1 retailer. The results showed that there were 3 marketing channels for betta fish farming in Semarang city, from the three channels it was found that the most efficient marketing channel was marketing channel III with a marketing margin of 0 and a farmer’s share value of 100%.
Methods for addressing tidal floods in coastal cities: an overview
Authors: Murtiaji C , Irfani M , Fauzi I , Marta A S D , Sukmana C I , Wulandari D A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Coastal cities are prone to tidal floods because coastal cities are centers of economic activities, trades and services; in addition, there are residential and housing centers. In general, this kind of natural disaster has flooded the lower area, which greatly negative impacts on the health, lifestyle and socioeconomic life of the affected population in coastal cities. In the following decades, tidal floods will damage more than a hundred major coastal cities worldwide. This paper aims to examine the causes, effects and impacts of tidal floods as well as methods that have been taken globally by reviewing papers published in global indexed journals concerning the handling of tidal floods around the world. This study reveals three methods; the first is the hard solution method involving infrastructures such as dikes, sea walls, water storage and pumps (polder system). Then the second is the soft solution method related to social, cultural, and habitual methods, such as adaptation, encouraging local wisdom and collective action. While the third is the policy and management system solution method that implements integrated policies and flood management.
Reef fish community structure in gusung batu lampe, Muara Badak District, Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Efendi Muchlis , Anggoro Sutrisno , Supriharyono  , Haeruddin  , Trianto Agus , Munasik  , Sabdaningsih Aninditia , Abdunnur  
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The existence of coral reefs in Muara Badak makes this ecosystem very attractive as an object of research, especially reef fish. The aim of this research is to determine the structure of the reef fish community in Gusung Batu Lampe, Muara Badak. A reef fish survey was carried out through scuba diving activities, using the video belt transect method at 10 points. The observed reef fish were identified to the genus level and community structure analysis was carried out in the form of diversity, uniformity, and dominancy indexes. The results showed that in total, 3.699 individuals were found consisting of 61 genera of fish from 23 families. The diversity index shows genera diversity, ecosystem stability, and productivity in high conditions. The uniformity index shows the distribution of individuals between each genera was moderately distributed and had no dominancy of particular genera.
Evaluation of Operator’s Competence to Operate and Maintain Farm Machines in Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Paman Ujang , Khairizal  , Sutriana Selvia , Zulhanafiah  , Pamungkas Andri Bayu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The operation of farm machinery requires an operator with better operational and technical skills to ensure efficient and effective use of the machinery. These competences are necessary to avoid breakdowns during field operations that can affect machine operating costs. This research aims to evaluate the operators’ competence in the operation and maintenance of farm machinery. Field surveys were conducted in three regencies of the Riau Province, namely Kampar, Indragiri Hulu, and Siak regencies. 63 machine operators were purposively selected and interviewed using structured questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using the descriptive-quantitative technique. The type of farm machines operated by the operators in the province included two-wheel tractors, four-wheel tractors, water pumps, rice transplanters, power threshers, combine harvesters, and rice milling units. Most operators can operate more than one type of farm machine. The competency of most operators to repair farm machinery is very poor because of a lack of training. Most operators get skills in machine operators from self-learning and other operators (friends). Therefore, the results suggest that machine operators must be well-trained in operational and technical skills, especially in the excellent operation and proper maintenance of farm machines, to avoid machine damage during field operation.
Antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of senduduk leaves (Melastoma malabathricum L.) against staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Novelni Ringga , Yupelmi Mimi , Agustina Dina , Putri Noni Rahayu , Minerva Prima 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The senduduk plant (Melastoma malabathricum L.) contains secondary metabolites of flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and terpenoids that are potent antibacterial and can be used for skin diseases caused by bacteria such as acne. This research aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of the senduduk leaves (EESL) against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes. EESL is made by concentration variations of 1.5%, 2.5%, and 3.5%. Antibacterial activity testing is done with the agar well diffusion method using disc paper. The results of the antibacterial activity test of the EESL against S.aureus bacteria at a concentration of 1.5%, 2.5%, and 3.5% have an inhibition zone diameter of 26.5 mm, 27.3 mm, and 30 mm, while against the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes is 23.9 mm, 21.7 mm, and 30 mm. The results show that the EESL has antibacterial activity against S.aureus and P.acnes with a powerful inhibitory category. Statistical tests using one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s test found that the variation of extract concentration had a significant effect (P<0.05) in inhibiting the activity of Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.
Leaf carbon isotope tracks the facilitation pattern of legume shrubs shaped by water availability and species replacement along a large elevation gradient in Trans-Himalayas
Authors: Ale Rita , Zhang Lin , Bahadur Raskoti Bhakta , Cui Guangshuai , Pugnaire Francisco I , Luo Tianxiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Understanding patterns and mechanisms of nurse plant facilitation is important to predict the resilience of arid/semi-arid ecosystems to climate change. We investigate whether water availability and nurse species turnover interact to shape the facilitation pattern of widespread legume shrubs along a large elevation gradient. We also investigate whether leaf δ13C of nurse plants can track the facilitation pattern.

Methods
We measured the relative interaction index (RII) of the number of species within and outside the canopy of two widespread legume shrub species (Caragana gerardiana and Caragana versicolor) alternatively distributed along a large elevation gradient in the Trans-Himalayas. We also assessed the proportional increase of species richness (ISR) at the community level using the paired plot data. To determine site-specific water availability, we measured the leaf δ13C of nurse shrubs and calculated the Thornthwaite moisture index (MI) for each elevation site.

Key Results
Elevational variations in RII, ISR and δ13C were mainly explained by the MI when the effects of soil nitrogen and plant traits (leaf nitrogen and shrub size) were controlled. Variations in RII and ISR across the two nurse species were explained better by δ13C than by smoothly changing climatic factors along elevation. At the transition zone between the upper limit of C. gerardiana (4100 m) and the lower limit of C. versicolor (4200 m), RII and ISR were much higher in C. versicolor than in C. gerardiana under a similar MI. Such an abrupt increase in facilitation induced by nurse species replacement was well tracked by the variation of δ13C.

Conclusions
Water availability and nurse species replacement are crucial to shaping facilitation patterns by legume shrubs along a large elevation gradient in dry mountainous regions, such as the Trans-Himalayas. Turnover in nurse species under global change might significantly alter the pattern of nurse plant facilitation associated with water availability, which can be well tracked by leaf δ13C.
Differentially methylated genomic regions of lettuce seeds relate to divergence across morphologically distinct horticultural types
Authors: Simko Ivan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Heritable cytosine methylation plays a role in shaping plant phenotypes; however, no information is available about DNA methylation in cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa), one of the most important leafy vegetables. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) performed on seeds of 95 accessions from eight morphologically distinct horticultural types (Batavia, butterhead, iceberg, Latin, leaf, oilseed, romaine and stem) revealed a high level of methylation in lettuce genome with an average methylation of 90.6 % in the CG context, 72.9 % in the CHG context and 7.5 % in the CHH context. Although WGBS did not show substantial differences in overall methylation levels across eight horticultural types, 350 differentially methylated regions (DMR) were identified. Majority of the 41 pivotal DMR overlapped with genomic features predicted or confirmed to be involved in plant growth and development. These results provide the first insight into lettuce DNA methylation and indicate a potential role for heritable variation in cytosine methylation in lettuce morphology. The results reveal that differences in methylation profiles of morphologically distinct horticultural types are already detectable in seeds. Identified DMR can be a focus of the future functional studies.
Joint embedding of biological networks for cross-species functional alignment
Authors: Li Lechuan , Dannenfelser Ruth , Zhu Yu , Hejduk Nathaniel , Segarra Santiago , Yao Vicky 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMotivationModel organisms are widely used to better understand the molecular causes of human disease. While sequence similarity greatly aids this cross-species transfer, sequence similarity does not imply functional similarity, and thus, several current approaches incorporate protein–protein interactions to help map findings between species. Existing transfer methods either formulate the alignment problem as a matching problem which pits network features against known orthology, or more recently, as a joint embedding problem.ResultsWe propose a novel state-of-the-art joint embedding solution: Embeddings to Network Alignment (ETNA). ETNA generates individual network embeddings based on network topological structure and then uses a Natural Language Processing-inspired cross-training approach to align the two embeddings using sequence-based orthologs. The final embedding preserves both within and between species gene functional relationships, and we demonstrate that it captures both pairwise and group functional relevance. In addition, ETNA’s embeddings can be used to transfer genetic interactions across species and identify phenotypic alignments, laying the groundwork for potential opportunities for drug repurposing and translational studies.Availability and implementationhttps://github.com/ylaboratory/ETNA