bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profiles of Web-based Portal Users with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Noureldin Mohamed , Newman Kira L , Higgins Peter D R , Piette John D , Resnicow Kenneth , Louissaint Jeremy , Kenney Brooke , Berinstein Jeffrey , Waljee Akbar K , Zhu Ji , Cohen-Mekelburg Shirley 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundWeb-based portals can enhance communication between patients and providers to support IBD self-management and improve care. We aimed to identify portal use patterns of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to inform future web portal-based interventions and portal design.MethodsPatients with IBD receiving care at the University of Michigan between 2012 and 2021 were identified. Meta-data from electronic logs of each patient’s most recent year of portal use were abstracted. Portal engagement was characterized in terms of intensity (ie, frequency of use); comprehensiveness (ie, number of portal functions used); and duration (ie, quarters per year of portal use). We used k-means clustering, a machine-learning technique, to identify groupings of portal users defined in terms of engagement features.ResultsWe found 5605 patients with IBD who had accessed their portal account at least once. The average age was 41.2 years (SD 16.7), 3035 (54.2%) were female, and 2214 (39.5%) received immune-targeted therapies. We identified 3 patterns of portal engagement: (1) low intensity users (29.5%); (2) moderate intensity, comprehensive, and sustained users (63.3%); and (3) high intensity, comprehensive, sustained users (7.2%). Patients with more intense, comprehensive, and sustained use of the portal were older, female, with more comorbidities, and were more likely to receive immune-targeted therapies.ConclusionUnderstanding distinct patterns of portal use can inform portal-based interventions and portal design. Patient portals may be particularly helpful in delivering assistance to those with comorbidities and those receiving immune-targeted therapies—many of whom demonstrate more intense, comprehensive, and sustained portal use.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: The Association Between Serum Ustekinumab Trough Concentrations and Treatment Response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Vasudevan Abhinav , Tharayil Vivek , Raffals Laura H , Bruining David H , Becker Michelle , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Loftus Edward V 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Optimizing therapy and monitoring response are integral aspects of inflammatory bowel disease treatment. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether serum ustekinumab trough concentrations during maintenance therapy were associated with ustekinumab treatment response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods
A systematic review was performed to March 21, 2022, to identify studies using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library. We included studies that reported the association between serum ustekinumab trough concentrations with clinical or endoscopic remission. Outcome measures were combined across studies using the random-effects model with an odds ratio (OR) for binary outcomes of endoscopic and clinical remission.

Results
We identified 14 observational studies that were included in the analysis for clinical remission (919 patients, 63% with Crohn’s disease) or endoscopic remission (290 patients, all with Crohn’s disease). Median ustekinumab trough concentrations were higher amongst individuals achieving clinical remission compared with those not achieving remission (mean difference, 1.6 ug/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21-3.01 ug/mL). Furthermore, individuals with median serum trough concentration in the fourth quartile were significantly more likely to achieve clinical (OR, 3.61; 95% CI, 2.11-6.20) but not endoscopic remission (OR, 4.67; 95% CI, 0.86-25.19) compared with those with first quartile median trough concentrations.

Conclusion
Based on the results of this meta-analysis primarily relating to patients with Crohn’s disease on maintenance ustekinumab treatment, it appears that there is an association between higher ustekinumab trough concentration and clinical outcomes. Prospective studies are required to determine whether proactive dose adjustments of ustekinumab therapy provides additional clinical benefit.
Best Practices to Promote Field Science Safety
Authors: Yarincik Kristen , Kelly Anne , McGlynn Terry , Verble Robin M 
Published: April 2023

SynopsisInterventions are necessary to address the ongoing epidemic of sexual harassment and assault in field settings. An evidence-based approach to identifying specific interventions will be most effective at promoting the safety of scientists. We present the results of a workshop conducted by experts in field biology and the study of sexual harassment and assault that identified a comprehensive set of best practices for individuals and organizations. These recommendations are grounded in peer-reviewed scholarship and are separated into four topics: culture change, accountability, policy development, and reporting. The resulting report of the workshop recommends 44 practices, categorized by the resources required for implementation, the time frame of implementation, and the level of organization responsible for implementation. The best practices that we present are designed to support individuals and organizations in the development of field safety plans.
Research on optimal scheduling of integrated energy system in low-carbon parks based on demand response
Authors: Xu Wei , Han Wei , Jin Huaizhang , Bai Yong , Liu Huan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The comprehensive energy system of the park is one of the effective ways to solve the problems of low utilization efficiency of comprehensive energy and difficulty in absorbing renewable energy. By coordinating the output of each unit to optimize the scheduling of the system, the operating cost of the system can be reduced to a certain extent, and the space for new energy generation to be connected to the Internet can be increased. Aiming at the characteristics of electric, heat and gas load demand of the integrated energy system of industrial low-carbon parks and the overall needs of low-carbon development, a research on the optimal scheduling of integrated energy systems in low-carbon parks based on demand response is proposed. By analyzing the structure and components of the integrated energy system of the low-carbon park, different types of demand response are modeled. On this basis, based on the comprehensive demand response of electricity and heat, the optimal dispatch model of the integrated energy system of the low-carbon park is constructed, and the model is solved to realize the optimal dispatch of the integrated energy system of the low-carbon park. The experimental resu lts show that the proposed method has lower operating cost of the integrated energy system, better economy of the integrated energy system and can effectively improve the power supply reliability and energy saving rate of the integrated energy system. The average system load rate of the proposed method is up to 98.7%, the average comprehensive energy utilization rate is up to 97.9% and the system operation cost is only 10343.1 yuan.
Prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance in persons initiating and reinitiating antiretroviral therapy in Sri Lanka: results from a national representative survey
Authors: Elwitigala J , Rajapaksa L , Inzaule S C , Ariyaratne K A M , Jayasena S , Kurle S , Patil A , Kale D , Siriwardna L , Samaraweera G , Perera H , Jayakody C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study to estimate pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) prevalence in adults initiating ART in Sri Lanka following the WHO’s recommendations.

Methods
HIV drug resistance was determined on dried blood spots (DBSs) using population-based sequencing of the protease and reverse transcriptase genes and interpretation was based on Stanford HIVdb v9.0. Analyses were weighted to adjust for multistage sampling and genotypic failure rate. We used logistic regression to assess differences between groups.

Results
Overall, in 10% (15 of 150) of patients initiating ART, HIV drug resistance mutations were detected. The prevalence of resistance to NNRTI drugs efavirenz/nevirapine was 8.4% (95% CI 4.6–15.0) but differed among those reporting having prior antiretroviral (ARV) exposure (24.4%, 95% CI 13.8–39.5) compared with 4.6% (95% CI 1.6–12.8) for those reporting as being ARV naive (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.3–16.6, P = 0.021). PDR to efavirenz/nevirapine was also nearly twice as high among women (14.1%, 95% CI 6.1–29.4) compared with men (7.0%, 95% CI 3.1–14.7) (P = 0.340) and three times high among heterosexuals (10.4%, 95% CI 2.4–35.4) compared with MSM (3.8%, 95% CI 1.1–12.7) (P = 0.028). NRTI PDR prevalence was 3.8% (95% CI 1.1–12.1) and no PI PDR was observed in the study.

Conclusions
A high prevalence of efavirenz/nevirapine PDR was reported, especially in patients with prior ARV exposure, in women and those reporting being heterosexual. These findings highlight the need to fast-track the transition to the WHO-recommended dolutegravir-based first-line ART.
The alginate polymer OligoG alters susceptibility of biofilm-embedded non-typeableHaemophilus influenzaeto ampicillin and ciprofloxacin
Authors: Marienborg Kaja , Ambur Ole Herman , Økstad Ole Andreas Løchen , Skaare Dagfinn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTreatment of respiratory infections with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) in COPD patients is complicated by biofilm formation, protecting the bacteria against the hosts’ immune response and antibiotics. We investigated the antibiofilm and antibacterial effects of the alginate polymer OligoG, alone or combined with ampicillin or ciprofloxacin, on mature NTHi biofilms.Materials and methodsTwo unrelated COPD strains with PBP3-mediated β-lactam resistance, with additional TEM-1 β-lactamase (Hi-022) or quinolone resistance due to altered GyrA and ParC (Hi-072) were used. Antibiofilm and antibacterial effects were assessed macroscopically, by measurement of biofilm biomass (OD), and by viable cell counts, with determination of minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and the novel parameter ‘minimum concentration for 2 log10 drop in viable cells in biofilm’ (MB2LDC). Drug interactions between OligoG and antibiotics were assessed by comparing expected and observed inhibitory effects (percent inhibition of no-treatment control) of combined treatment.ResultsOligoG had dose-dependent biofilm disruptive abilities and a weak inhibitory effect on viable cells. Combination with OligoG (64 g/L) significantly lowered MBIC for ampicillin (both strains) and MB2LDC for ciprofloxacin (Hi-022). For Hi-022, there was significant synergism between OligoG and both antibiotics. For Hi-072, interactions were subtle, but a tendency in direction of antagonism was significant at two concentrations of ciprofloxacin.ConclusionsOligoG shows promise as a potential adjuvant to antibiotics in NTHi infections, but strain-specific factors appear to affect drug interactions and may lead to antagonism. More research is needed to clarify the mechanisms of action of OligoG and interactions with antibiotics.
Spamming the regulator: exploring a new lobbying strategy in EU competition procedures
Authors: Jugl Marlene , Pagel William A M , Garcia Jimenez Maria Camilla , Salendres Jean Pierre , Lowe Will , Malikova Helena , Bryson Joanna J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Regulation plays a central role in modern governance; yet, we have limited knowledge of how subjects of regulation—particularly, private actors—act in the face of potentially adverse regulatory decisions. Here, we document and examine a novel lobbying strategy in the context of competition regulation, a strategy that exploits the regulator’s finite administrative capacities. Companies with merger cases under scrutiny by the European Commission’s Directorate General for Competition appear to be employing a strategy of ‘spamming the regulator,’ through the strategic and cumulative submission of economic expert assessments. Procedural pressures may result in an undeservedly favourable assessment of the merger. Based on quantitative and qualitative analyses of an original dataset of all complex merger cases in the European Union 2005–2020, we present evidence of this new strategy and a possible learning process among private actors. We suggest remedies to ensure regulatory effectiveness in the face of this novel strategy.
An Antiviral Drug—Peramivir: Degradation and Identification of Impurities and the Endorsement of an HPLC–MS Method
Authors: Alumuri Thulaseedhar , Merugu Karuna Sree , Namburi L A Amarababu , Kurnool Aravınd , SaravanaVadivu Arunachalam , Balasubramanian Selvakumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Peramivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor that serves as a transition state analogue for influenza neuraminidase, inhibiting the formation of new viruses in infected cells, and has been approved for intravenous administration.

Objective
To validate an HPLC method used to identify the degraded products of the antiviral drug peramivir.

Methods
Herein, we report the identification of compounds formed after the degradation of peramivir through acid, alkali, peroxide, thermal, and photolytic degradation. At the level of toxicology, a technique was devised for the isolation and measurement of peramivir.

Results
A sensitive and reliable LC–tandem mass spectrometry technique for the quantitative measurement of Peramivir and its impurities was developed and verified in order to comply with the recommendations made by the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). The proposed protocol was in the 50–750 µg/mL range. Relative Standard Deviation values of less than 2.0% indicated good recovery in the range of 98.36–102.57%. Within the studied range, the calibration curves demonstrated good linearity and, in addition, the fitting of correlation coefficient was more than 0.999 for every impurity. Quantitative analysis of contaminants revealed the high efficiency at a low level.

Conclusion
Given its ability to separate degradation products, quantitative analysis is used to detect and quantify known and unknown impurities and degradants in the peramivir drug substance during routine analysis and stability studies. No significant degradation was found in peroxide and photolytic degradation studies.

Highlights
An HPLC method was developed and put to the test in order to analyze the behavior of the impurities of peramivir as they degraded when subjected to the stress conditions suggested by the ICH. Peramivir was found to be stable under peroxide and photolysis conditions but not stable or degradable when exposed to the acid, base, and thermal stress conditions. The method developed was extremely precise, linear, accurate, robust, and rugged. As a result, this technology has the potential to be used in the medication production process for regular impurity analysis as well as for the stability analysis of peramivir.
Boosting, sorting and complexity—urban scaling of innovation around the world
Authors: Broekel Tom , Knuepling Louis , Mewes Lars 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is widely understood that innovations tend to be concentrated in cities, which is evidenced by innovative output increasing disproportionately with city size. Yet, given the heterogeneity of countries and technologies, few studies explore the relationship between population and innovation numbers. For instance, in the USA, innovative output scaling is substantial and is particularly pronounced for complex technologies. Whether this is a universal pattern of complex technologies and a potential facilitator of scaling, is unknown. Our analysis compared urban scaling in urban areas across 33 countries and 569 technologies. Considerable variation was identified between countries, which is rooted in two fundamental mechanisms (sorting and boosting). The sorting of innovation-intensive technologies is found to drive larger innovation counts among cities. Among most countries, this mechanism contributes to scaling more than city size boosting innovation within specific technologies. While complex technologies are concentrated in large cities and benefit from the advantages of urbanization, their contribution to the urban scaling of innovations is limited.
Characterization of potential Cu-Au mineralization using electrical resistivity and induced polarization methods: a case study in Eastern Labo, Bicol, Philippines
Authors: Casulla Mel Anthony A , Mizunaga Hideki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Electrical resistivity and induced polarization (ER-IP) surveys were carried out in Eastern Labo, Bicol, Philippines, to assess the potential Cu-Au mineralization in pyroclastic-covered areas. An electrical resistivity tomography method with a dipole–dipole array was used, and the L1 norm (robust) inversion approach was employed to generate the 16 2D ER-IP models. The analysis of the resistivity and chargeability classified the underlying lithology into eight zones. Zones from C to F are the potential mineralized zones, while Zones A and B (Labo Volcanic Complex) and Zones G and H (Tumbaga Formation and Tamisan Diorite) are the non-mineralized zones. Zone C, represented by low chargeability (&lt;15 mV V−1) and intermediate resistivity (15–100 Ω-m) values, is characterized by a high concentration of disseminated sulfide minerals (e.g. chalcopyrite). Zone D has a chargeability range comparable to Zone C but higher resistivity (&gt;100 Ω-m), which might be due to silicification. Zone E corresponds to the oxide zone with concentrated sulfide minerals along clayey, weathered, fractured areas; it has moderate to high chargeability (&gt;15 mV V−1) and low resistivity (&lt;15 Ω-m) signatures. Zone F has a similar resistivity range to Zone E but has lower chargeability (&lt;15 mV V−1) values. The interpreted underlying lithological units were confirmed using borehole data. Because of the extensive occurrence of high chargeability zones with moderate resistivity anomalies, potentially mineralized areas for further investigation (e.g. drilling) were identified in the north-eastern portion of the study area.
Improving Deciduous Forest Inventory Plot Center Measurement Using Unoccupied Aerial Systems Imagery
Authors: Carpenter Joshua , Rentauskas Daniel , Makkar Nikhil , Jung Jinha , Fei Songlin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractField-based forest inventory plots are fundamental for many forest studies. These on-the-ground measurements of small samples of forested areas provide foresters with key information such as the size, abundance, health, and value of their forests. Recently, forest inventory plots have begun to be used as ground validation for tree features automatically extracted from remotely sensed data sets. Additionally, machine learning methods for feature extraction rely heavily on large quantities of training data and require these field forest inventory measurement datasets for algorithm training. Undermining the usefulness of forest inventory plot data as validation or training data is the positional uncertainty of plot location measurements. Because global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) cannot reliably measure plot center coordinates under thick tree canopy, plot center coordinates usually contain multiple meters of horizontal error. We present a method for reliably measuring plot center coordinates in which plot centers are individually marked with low-cost targets, allowing plot centers to be manually measured from orthoimagery captured during the leaf-off season. Our plot center measurements are shown to have less than 10 cm of horizontal error, an improvement of an order of magnitude over traditional GNSS methods.
Assessment of knowledge, behaviour and awareness towards antibiotic use and resistance: a cross sectional study from south Jordanian society
Authors: Al-Btoush Hayat A , Aleidi Shereen M , Al-Odinat Hind A , Qaisi Nisreen T 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate public knowledge about antibiotic use and resistance among the population in southern Jordan (a deprived region).

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out and 435 participants completed the questionnaire that contained four sections: socio-demographic information, participants’ knowledge and behaviour about antibiotic use, the roles of physicians and pharmacists in antibiotic misuse and the level of participants’ awareness regarding antibiotic resistance. The data were analysed using the statistical package for social science. The Chi-square test of independence was used to compare the categorical variables.

Key findings
Approximately 53% of the participants exhibited negative behaviour towards antibiotic use. The highest proportion was among those with an education level of middle school (73.3%), non-medical field employees (58%) and non-employee participants (60.8%). About 48.0% of the participants have a high level of knowledge and awareness about antibiotic resistance. This was more evident among those of the age group between 17 and 27 years old, who have bachelor’s degrees or work in both the medical and non-medical fields. Nearly 57.5% of the participants were not asked by the physician for diagnostic tests before prescribing antibiotics, and 66.9% obtain antibiotics from the pharmacy without a prescription.

Conclusions
Good awareness about antibiotic resistance in the community of southern Jordan does not prevent negative behaviour of antibiotic use. Physicians and pharmacists are strong contributors to antibiotic resistance. This demonstrates the need for regulatory actions to limit the access to and overuse of antibiotics.
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis post liver transplant and peritoneal dialysis: case report and literature review
Authors: Piltcher-da-Silva Rodrigo , Petry João Francisco , de Araujo Freitas Ana Laura , Rhoden Guilherme Vieceli , Jasinski Gabriel , Piltcher-Recuero Mariana , Bettini Luiz Francisco Cravo , Aguilera Yan Sacha Hass , Leme Juliana El Ghoz , da Costa Marco Aurélio Raeder , Coelho Júlio Cezar Uili 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare and debilitating condition. A fibrocollagenous membrane, which promotes encasement of the small intestine leaving a cocoon-like appearance, takes place. It is mainly associated with peritoneal infections, medications, peritoneal dialysis and systemic inflammatory diseases. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, intestinal obstruction and imaging exam. We report a case of EPS in a 68-year-old man with a medical history of liver transplantation and peritoneal dialysis, complaining of obstructive bowel symptoms.
Understanding aspirations to stay: Relative endowment within a time–space perspective
Authors: Vezzoli Simona 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article explores the factors and mechanisms that underpin aspirations to stay in situations where migration could be beneficial. To do so, this article proposes a spatial–temporal comparative framework and explains aspirations to stay through the notion of relative endowment, which reveals a positive assessment of what people have, despite the awareness of social inequalities. Empirically, the article focuses on a rural town in northern Brazil that has experienced a stagnating economy since the 1990s, where young adults express aspirations to stay. Non-economic factors such as closeness to nature, family, and friends not only encourage staying, but make young people feel endowed in relation to a perceived stressful work-centered urban life. The proposed framework reveals that the overall negative perspectives on the town’s present are congruous with aspirations to stay because of young people’s positive feelings about the town’s past and future. In fact, hope plays an important role in shaping aspirations to stay. This article shows the value of considering people’s perceptions of past, present, and future and how they influence aspirations to stay, and migrate.