bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on the Effect of Sodium Chloride, Cement and Silica Sand Contamination in Water-Based Drilling Mud
Authors: Salihu A. , Maina K. , Ogolo O. , Okafor I. , Chior J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Drilling operation efficiency is improved by the effective and regular monitoring of drilling mud properties when drilling a well. The type of drilling fluid or drilling mud used, the kind of pollutant, and the degree of contamination all affect how bad the contamination is. When contamination is so significant that treating it would be virtually impossible, drilling mud will be needed to be dumped. In order to ensure that the mud performs as intended, it is vital to keep an eye and monitor on its qualities for contamination. This research shows an experimental investigation into how some physical characteristics of water-based drilling mud are affected by contamination with sodium chloride, cement, and silica sand. Four mud samples were formulated, and three of them included 2 to 8 g of NaCl, cement, and silica sand contamination. The rheological properties as well as temperature, density and pH of the formulated mud were determined. Analysis of the results shows that the plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, yield point and gel strength as well as the pH, density and temperature of the used mud increased with increasing concentration of Cement. However, when the content of NaCl increased, all of the rheological characteristics of the produced mud considerably reduced. The NaCl caused a quick rise in mud temperature, a little drop in mud pH, and a slight increase in mud density.
Furthermore, the apparent viscosity, yield point, gel strength, density and temperature of the formulated mud rapidly increased when the amount of silica sand was raised. The mud pH also increased slightly with increase in the quantity of Silica Sand. While the plastic viscosity decreases rapidly as the concentration of Silica Sand increased.
Comparative Analysis of CO2 Storage Capacity on Saline Aquifers in the Niger Delta
Authors: Akinboade Oluseyi , Olusola Bukola 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The recent clamour for net-zero gas emissions has increased the demand for further research in carbon capture, storage and utilization as a means to further reduce green gas emissions. Therefore, this paper has identified trapping index parameters to evaluate CO2 storage capacity in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. This was carried out by assessing two major trapping mechanisms that affect the efficiency of the carbon injection and storage within the saline aquifer.
In this work, we conducted a numerical simulation to compare the CO2 storage capacities of two reservoirs with saline aquifers. We considered some minor reservoirs not suitable for commercial development due to their minimal oil in place values and net pay thickness of less than 30 ft. These reservoirs are charged with aquifers which were simulated to study the storage capacity of CO2 at downhole conditions. The impact of the reservoir structure, permeability and pressure regimes are some of the parameters that were observed to affect CO2 storage capacity.
CO2 was continuously injected into the aquifers via injector wells at 80% of their fracture pressure. Crestal monitoring wells ensured the pressure distribution around the cap rock did not exceed fracture pressure limits. The results were compared and simulation-based inferences were made for each reservoir.
The results showed similar migration patterns for each reservoir however there was a significant difference in the residual trapping mechanism of both reservoirs. This impacted the overall CO2 storage capacity at the end of the simulation run. The results obtained from this work can be applied to other reservoirs in the Niger Delta where commercial development is not expected due to their hydrocarbon in-place volumes.
The Use of Solar Energy to Power the Oil and Gas FPSO in Africa
Authors: Amabuo Collins , Ibrahim Bilal , Ebere Emmanuella , Ayodele Emmanuel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The study assesses the feasibility of using solar energy to power floating, production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) units in Africa. These units are used for offshore production and storage but are often powered by diesel generators, which can be costly and environmentally harmful. The research examines the current state of FPSO power systems in Africa and the challenges diesel generators pose, such as high costs and emissions. The study then explores the potential of using solar panels as a substitute power source. Solar energy can provide cost-effective and sustainable power to FPSOs, potentially reducing or eliminating the need for diesel generators. The study examines the technical feasibility of using solar energy in Africa, including designing and integrating solar panels and power systems. The economic advantages, such as lower fuel and maintenance costs and reduced emissions, are also evaluated. The study acknowledges the challenges posed by the harsh marine environment, limited space on FPSOs, and power reliability and availability. However, these challenges can be overcome with advanced solar technologies, such as bifacial panels and energy storage solutions, like batteries.
In conclusion, the study highlights the potential of using solar energy as a sustainable and cost-effective power source for FPSOs in Africa. By working with the shipbuilding and oil and gas industries, solar power systems can be specifically tailored to FPSO needs, reducing dependence on diesel generators, lowering costs, and reducing emissions. Further research and development are necessary to improve the performance and durability of solar panels in Africa's marine environment. The use of solar energy in FPSOs can also benefit local communities by providing reliable energy, boosting the economy, and promoting a cleaner future (World Bank, 2020).
Hydrogen a Key Solution to Nigeria Energy Poverty: A Case Study of a Pilot Project
Authors: Okolocha D. A. , Oghale T. O. , Odili A. M. , Ogagarue D. O. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this study, sustainable development is reviewed with particular focus on how Nigeria can efficiently utilize her renewable energy resources to provide cheap and affordable energy using Hydrogen as a fuel source to drive a Hydrogen economy. Hydrogen has the potential to become an important part of Nigeria's energy mix, as it is an abundant, clean, and safe fuel source. The paper first outlines the meaning of Hydrogen economy and it's important in the Nigeria energy mix. It also address the current energy situation in Nigeria, with a focus on the challenges faced by the country with regards to energy availability and affordability as well as the future of the conventional Petroleum base economy. It then provides an overview of hydrogen production and its associated technologies, with a focus on the potential of hydrogen as an alternative fuel source using water. The paper presents a proposed approach to achieve a balanced energy availability and affordability in Nigeria, with a focus on the development of hydrogen infrastructure. An experimental approach was used to demonstrate how hydrogen can be extracted from water into a storable fuel. The stored Hydrogen fuel was used to power a fabricated hydrogen fuel cell to generate energy for domestic cooking. The study highlights the importance of the experimental setup and the need for development in a commercial scale to meet the rising energy demand of the nation for a sustainable development. Finally, the paper outlines the potential benefits of hydrogen production for Nigeria, as well as the potential barriers to its successful implementation. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for further research and analysis to understand the feasibility of using hydrogen energy in Nigeria.
Improving the Flowability of Waxy Crude Oil Using Orange Seed Oil Derived Additive
Authors: Fadairo Adesina , Adeyemi Gbadegesin , Egenhoff Sven , Obia Stephen , Oni Opeyemi , Oladepo Adebowale , Nwaokwu Richmond 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The field development of deep offshore and onshore platforms has proven to be extremely expensive hence the necessity of painstaking decision making while checking for the feasibility of various field development plans. The guarantee of waxy crude oil production has proven to be a major problem during the pipeline transport of produced hydrocarbon from the production platforms to the storage plants. Billions of dollars are spent to control the deposition of paraffin in pipe network. The major factor causing wax deposition includes temperature, pour point of the crude oil sample and most importantly the paraffin content of the crude oil sample amongst other factors. It has been proven over the years that the chemical method of controlling wax deposition is the most efficient for wax deposition control as it tackles the root cause of the wax formation and restricts it. However, as efficient as the chemical methods, a great number of chemists mostly utilize certain conventional chemicals rather than others which include Triethanolamine (TEA) and xylene which have proven to be highly priced and usually not environmentally friendly. Various research has been carried out in the hunt for other substitute chemicals for the control of wax formation. Reports have shown that the use of seed oil has been the leading research in wax formation control and deposition. In this study, the seed oils generated from orange seed were converted to biodiesels by a process termed transesterification as there is a significant need to reduce the seed oil viscosity because lower viscous phase greatly improve flow when mix with the waxy crude oil. The study demonstrated that biodiesel made from orange seed oil has the ability to slow wax formation and deposition by lowering the cloud point and pour point in the waxy hydrocarbon.
Impact of Crude Oil Price Volatilities on Petroleum Revenue Collection and Allocation in Ghana
Authors: Suleman Shafic , Ennin Godfred Kwaku , Iledare Omowumi , Kudzedzi Constantine Kojo-Mawenena 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The abundance of resources is a blessing, but the price volatility of those resources is a curse (Luciani, 2011). Price variations and its corresponding impact on petroleum revenues is of great importance to industry players. This study adopted a quantitative approach to analyse secondary data collected from multiple sources including Public Interest and Accountability Committee (PIAC), Bank of Ghana and not limited to the Ministry of Finance to examine the extent to which crude oil fluctuations influence petroleum revenue collection and allocation in Ghana. The main statistical method employed for this research was regression and descriptive analysis. For robustness check, three post estimations were conducted. These are the Cameron and Trivedi test for heteroskedasticity, Ramsey test for omitted variables, and variance inflation factors (VIF). All three postestimation results showed that the regression estimates are robust. The study finds that at a 1% significance level, the Price of Crude Oil (PCO) and the Petroleum Revenues (PR) are statistically significant. This emphasises the crucial influence of oil prices on petroleum revenues to the state. The study also finds that factors, other than oil price, could to an extent affect petroleum revenues collection and allocation. Such includes allocations to the Ghana National Petroleum Corporation, the Annual Budget Funding Amount (ABFA), Ministerial discretions and volumes of crude oil produced and among others. Against these findings, the study recommends that some reforms be made to the PRMA to do away with ministerial discretions on capping the Ghana stabilization fund and also where necessary, consider hedging as a security against unexpected crude oil price falls.
Machine Learning Models for Energy Prediction in a Low Carbon Building
Authors: Archibong-Eso E. U. , Archibong-Eso A. , Enyia J. D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Globally, buildings are responsible for an estimated 40% of energy consumption and 33% of CO2 emissions. In a bid to reduce CO2 emissions and hence, global warming, it has become necessary to ensure the energy efficient construction and operation of buildings. Understanding how a building utilises energy is a critical step to increase its efficiency. In this study, we leverage on an open-source data obtained from UCI data repository. Exploratory data analysis and feature engineering were used to eliminate non-contributing features while identifying key attributes of the data for model training. Linear Regression (LR) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) were employed as the machine learning techniques for the study. The models were trained using a repeated cross-validation technique. The models’ performance was evaluated on an independent data set segregated for testing. The LR model was trained with nine out of thirty-three features, while the Support Vector Regression (SVR) model used twenty-eight features for its training. The SVR model had a higher variance (0.48), accuracy (92.41%), and lower Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 7.59% compared to the LR model's variance of 0.26, accuracy of 91.87%, and MAPE of 8.13%. The SVR model was more accurate in predicting energy consumption, as it showed better accuracy on the test set with lower MAPE and higher R-squared value. Both models outperformed a relatively complex and computationally expensive model in a previous study. It also identified areas with high energy consumption which could be used to inform the building's energy management strategy.
Sensitivity Analysis and History Matching of a Gas Condensate Reservoir, A Field Case Study of a Niger Delta Gas Condensate Reservoir
Authors: Alonge Ibe , Ehibor Idahosa , Ohenhen Ikponmwosa , Olafuyi Olalekan , Anim John , Ekpah Innocent , Olajide Olanike , Obah Patrick 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Gas condensate reservoir exhibit complex phase behaviour once the pressure falls below the dew point pressure, fluids condense out of the gas, forming a condensate ring in the near wellbore region, which reduces gas well deliverability, and causes a reduction in the recovery factor from the reservoir. The complex phase behaviour of a gas condensate reservoir and compositional variations however, makes long term or future prediction of the reservoir performance extremely intricate. This paper thus, aims to conduct an optimization process that improves productivity from a gas condensate reservoir, and improves future predictability of reservoir performance.
Firstly, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on the gas condensate reservoir., by applying the response surface methodology technique. The sensitivity analysis enabled a broader understanding of the simulation model, and identified parameters that were likely to have an effect on the consistency of the model. The next step involved conducting a history match of the reservoir production data recorded in the field against reservoir simulated production data. This involved calibrating the simulation model with actual production data from the reservoir, to ensure a perfect or near perfect representation of the reservoir performance, which was achieved by applying the Designed Exploration and Controlled Evolution (DECE). Once an accurate representation of the reservoir performance was achieved, the model was then used to perform production optimisation. Particle swarm optimisation technique was used in the optimisation of the reservoir, to provide information on the best production methodology for the reservoir that would improve profitability of the production process. A numerical study was conducted using the CMG 2021 compositional simulator, the CMOST AI simulator module, for various experimental studies, to determine proxy solutions that match the actual field history production data from the reservoir, and to predict the future performance of the reservoir.
Obtained results showed an improvement in the recovery factor from the reservoir.
Thru Tubing Gaslift Installation Techniques in Dual Completion for Production Optimization and Improved Recovery in Brown Field Reservoirs
Authors: Arowosafe Toyin , Ishomo Lucky , Ogbebor Anthony , Benson Esigie , Aigbefo Rita 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
There are several non-rig well intervention methods used in the oil industry to resuscitate dead wells back to production. One of such methods implemented for non-gaslift wells (or previously gas lifted wells with shallow mandrel depths) is the installation of Thru Tubing Gas Lift (TTGL) equipment at a pre-determined depth on the walls of the tubing. Most TTGL assemblies are usually fitted with one orifice valve to provide single-point injection. As a result of the single-point injection, well performance might be impacted overtime as reservoir pressure depletes and produced fluid composition changes. In such cases, deepening of injection point is required to restore the wells to production and ensure maximum oil recovery. However, these TTGL installation techniques are especially delicate to implement in wells with dual completions due to the execution complexities introduce by the presence of the adjacent tubing string, existing or adjacent perforations and injection points in the tubing.
Dual oil producers, Wells X19B and Y22C were completed with dual completions without gas lift equipment in ED and ET field offshore Nigeria respectively. Well X19BL had TTGL installed about 8 years after it began production but, started to cycle gas through the TTGL point and was shut-in to curtail unwanted gas production to the surface facility. Well Y22CL and Wells Y22CU quit production on natural flow due to low well head pressure that resulted from decline in reservoir pressure
Rig based interventions was uneconomic owing to the fact the remaining reserves were marginal. This paper discusses the techniques, challenges and operational learnings from the first-time application of TTGL deepening and TTGL installation in both dual strings despite complexities from well architecture and previous TTGL installation
PhyloVelo enhances transcriptomic velocity field mapping using monotonically expressed genes
Authors: Hu Zheng , Wang Kun , Hou Liangzhen , Wang Xin , Zhai Xiangwei , Lu Zhaolian , Zi Zhike , Zhai Weiwei , He Xionglei , Curtis Christina , Zhou Da 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful approach for studying cellular differentiation, but accurately tracking cell-fate transitions can be challenging, especially in disease conditions. Here, we introduce PhyloVelo, a computational framework that estimates the velocity of transcriptomic dynamics by using monotonically expressed genes (MEGs), or genes with expression patterns that either increase or decrease, but don’t cycle, through phylogenetic time. Through integration of scRNA-seq data with lineage information, PhyloVelo identifies MEGs and reconstructs a transcriptomic velocity field. We validate PhyloVelo using simulated data and C. elegans ground-truth data, successfully recovering linear, bifurcated, and convergent differentiations. Applying PhyloVelo to seven lineage-traced scRNA-seq datasets, generated via CRISPR/Cas9 editing, lentiviral barcoding or immune repertoire profiling, demonstrates its high accuracy and robustness in inferring complex lineage trajectories, while outperforming RNA velocity. Additionally, we discover that MEGs across tissues and organisms share similar functions in translation and ribosome biogenesis.
HBx promotes tumorigenicity through RRM2-mediated autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: wang bin , yaqun li , Wang Furan , Geng Zikai , He TianYe , song yun , Wu Jian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

HBV infection can exacerbate liver disease progression through multiple mechanisms, eventually leading to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV-encoded oncogene X protein (HBx), a key regulatory protein of HBV infection, serves as a positive regulator of hepatocarcinogenesis. Ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase M2 subunit (RRM2), which is indispensable for DNA replication and repair, has been shown overexpressed in a range of malignancies. Our previous studies clarified that RRM2 expression is highly elevated in HCC, particularly in HBV-related HCC. Given the robust RRM2 expression is strongly associated with poor survival rate of the patients with HCC, while the specific functions and underlying mechanisms of RRM2 in HBV-related HCC remain elusive; the present study was performed to elucidate whether HBx increases RRM2 expression, and whether RRM2 engages in interaction with HBxin vivoandin vitro. Autophagy is a crucial step in the oncogenic process of HBx, while autophagy inhibition attenuates HBx-initiated proliferation response. We further demonstrated that RRM2 interference lowered HBx-induced autophagy, inhibited the production of autophagic vesicles and lysosomes, and caused G1/S blockage, thereby inhibiting HBx-stimulated hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Our findings indicate that RRM2 may play a tumor-promoting role in HBV-associated HCC by modulating autophagy, suggesting that RRM2 may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Detection of environmental change through geospatial techniques in Barisha, Thakurpukur area under Kolkata Municipal Corporation: A study on ward number 124 under Kolkata Municipal Corporation, West Bengal, India
Authors: AICH ARPITA CHAUDHURY , Das Bela 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The most important measure of a region’s economic progress can be studied through Land use and land cover change (LULC). Through LULC change how over time human behaviour of that particular place has changed can be studied very accurately. The study aims to detect and analyse the land cover and land-use change of ward number 124 under Kolkata Municipal Corporation. The area has been subjected to extremities of urbanisation owing to greater connectivity through introduction of metro railways. LULC change was studied in the satellite imageries for the years 1991, 2006 and 2020. Normalised Difference Vegetation Index was calculated to study the spatio-temporal urban footprint. Accuracy assessment and Kappa index was also calculated to show the magnitude of urban footprint over the years in the area. LULC change shows that there is a substantial increase in the built up area over the years at the cost of vegetation and water-bodies.