bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical and isotopic traits in grapevine wood rings record environmental variability
Authors: Damiano Nicola , Battipaglia Giovanna , Cherubini Paolo , Amitrano Chiara , Altieri Simona , Schneider Loïc , Balzano Angela , Cirillo Chiara , De Micco Veronica 
Published: July 2023

Summary
In the Mediterranean region, prolonged droughts affect the growth and reproductive cycles of grapevine. Changes in the physiological processes of grapevine, consequent to variations in environmental factors or cultivation management, are recorded in wood anatomical and isotopic traits in grapevine stems. In this study, we measured the anatomical traits and stable carbon isotope content in the annual rings of Vitis vinifera L. subsp. vinifera ‘Falanghina’ in four vineyards located in southern Italy, characterised by different water availability. The aim was to investigate how wood anatomical traits respond to interannual climatic variations according to local conditions. Wood cores were taken from the stem of the grapevines and subjected to both microscopy and carbon stable isotope analyses to quantify functional wood anatomical traits, such as vessel size and frequency, and the intrinsic water-use efficiency of the grapevine. Wood traits were correlated with data on precipitation and temperature. The results showed that the plants at the four vineyards were characterised by differences in wood structure influencing the grapevine’s physiology under different conditions of water availability. Overall, the analyses showed that the grapevines at the wetter sites developed wood traits, e.g., wide vessels, which favour the efficiency of water flow, while at the drier sites, they developed plant traits, e.g., small vessels, which favour safety against embolism. However, the robustness of such main trends is trait-specific and is influenced by interannual climatic variability.
Nostalgia Presents Hope: Following Jesus’ Way to Serve Youths in Dealing with Crisis
Authors: Andangsari Esther Widhi , Surbakti Pelita Hati , Sinambela Pison 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Despite at the peak level of strength and power, young adults are also prone to experience life crises. Hence, it’s crucial for churches to cultivate reinforcement approach to encourage and provide emotional support for young adults who experiencing life crisis. Though not specifically addressed for young adults, Jesus, in the Gospel of Matthew demonstrated the community service for people dealing with crisis. One notable pastoral approach carried out by Jesus in his service is utilization of “past experience” known as “nostalgia” in psychological studies. In Matthew, Jesus adhered to 2 types of nostalgia ‒ personal (Matt. 18:2) and historical (Matt. 22:32) nostalgia. This empirical research conducted on 103 young adults of hkbp Cibubur, East Jakarta. The study aimed to test hypothesis on whether nostalgia can predict hope for the future, which generates motivation, strength and creativity in the midst of life crisis. The result suggested that nostalgia may predict hope on people whose dealing with life crisis [R2 = 0.21; F (27.08, 1), p < 0.001].
The European Court of Human Rights and the ‘Special’ Distribution of the Burden of Proof in Racial Discrimination Cases
Authors: Henrard Kristin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To improve ‘fairness’ and address victims’ difficulties in proving discrimination, a ‘special allocation of the burden of proof’ has been developed. When the claimant persuades the court to establish a presumption of discrimination, the burden shifts to the defendant, who must persuade the court that no discrimination has occured. Focusing on racial discrimination, this article traces the ECtHR’s struggle towards operating a fair shared burden of proof between applicant and defendant. Whereas for indirect racial discrimination, the search for fairness is one of fine-tuning, for hidden direct racial discrimination, particularly involving crimes with discriminatory motives, considerable work is needed still. So far, the Grand Chamber has identified relevant criteria for the distribution of the burden of proof, but has not applied these criteria in concreto. The Court is invited to provide more guidance to assist national authorities and courts in their search for a fair distribution of the burden of proof.
Clear-Air Turbulence (CAT) Encounters on 13 November 2019 over Central and Eastern China: Numerical Simulation and Generation Mechanism
Authors: Hu Boyan , Hui Pinhong , Ding Jinfeng , Tang Jianping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
On 13 November 2019, seven commercial aircraft of China Eastern Airlines encountered nine severe-or-greater clear-air turbulence (CAT) events over central and eastern China within 12 h (0000–1200 UTC). These events mainly occurred at altitudes between 6.0 and 6.7 km. A high-resolution nested numerical simulation is carried out using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model to investigate the generation mechanism of these CAT events, with a horizontal resolution of 1 km over the inner domain. In addition, seven CAT diagnostics with outstanding performances are employed for the mechanism analysis. The WRF Model can reasonably reproduce both synoptic-scale systems (Siberian high and upper-level jet stream) and local vertical structures (temperature, dewpoint temperature, and wind field). The simulation indicates that an upper-level front–jet system with a remarkable meridional temperature gradient intensifies over central and eastern China, with the maximum wind speed increasing from 59.0 to 67.3 m s−1. The intensification of the front–jet system induces the tropopause folding, and nine localized CAT events occur in the region with large vertical wind shear (VWS) (1.55 × 10−2–2.53 × 10−2 s−1) and small Richardson numbers (Ri) (0.42–0.85) below the cyclonic side of the jet stream. Diagnostic analysis reveals that Kelvin–Helmholtz instability plays an important role in CAT generation, while convective and inertial instability is not directly associated with CAT generation in this study. A typical flight case with continuous CAT events also suggests that large VWS (greater than 1.3 × 10−2 s−1) accompanied with small Ri (less than 1) favors CAT generation in a front–jet system environment.

Significance Statement
A high-resolution nested numerical simulation is carried out using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model to investigate the generation mechanism of nine severe-or-greater clear-air turbulence (CAT) events over central and eastern China. Intensification of a front–jet system induces tropopause folding, and nine CAT events occur in the region with large vertical wind shear (greater than 1.55 × 10−2 s−1) and small Richardson numbers (less than 0.85) below the cyclonic side of the jet stream. Kelvin–Helmholtz instability plays an important role in the CAT generation, rather than convective and inertial instability.
Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorders in South Africa: A Narrative Review
Authors: Bako Rutendo Robyn Alana , Ramalepe Lebogang Manthibe , Nwogwugwu Nwamaka Chinwe 
Published: July 2023

Cannabis significantly contributes to the substance use and abuse statistics in South Africa (SA), rendering it a dangerous drug into which research on the contextual motivations and long and short term effects must be conducted. The aim of this review was to determine the availability of cannabis use and CUD research in SA, identify the central issues and themes explored over the past 2 years (2020–2022), and outline literary inconsistencies and shortcomings in cannabis use and CUD-related research in SA. The 16 articles used in this study were sourced from five databases. Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) was then used to analyse the findings of the study. The study revealed, literature has a thematic focus on one or more of the following: cannabis use and psychophysiological health, determinants of cannabis use and CUD, polysubstance use, legalisation of cannabis in SA, and the effects of cannabis use and CUD.
By a long shot: Power, devaluation and discrimination in a toxic cultural workforce
Authors: Coate Bronwyn , Eltham Ben , Verhoeven Deb 
Published: July 2023

Drawing on data collected for a comprehensive workforce survey of the audio-visual camera profession in Australia ( n = 582), this article investigates discrimination and devaluation in screen industry workplaces. Employing a mixed method approach, we analyse the intersection of gender, sexuality and ethnicity to show that group differences play an important role in understanding workplace cultures defined by power imbalances. To address the problem of these toxic workplaces, we propose the importance of attending to job precarity and suggest the need for policymakers, guilds and trade unions to work collaboratively to set and enforce standards of workplace equality and respect. JEL Classification: Z13
Two strategies for partner notification and partner HIV self-testing reveal no evident predictors of male partner HIV testing in antenatal settings: A secondary analysis
Authors: Kumwenda Andrew , Weideman Ann Marie K , Graybill Lauren A , Dinwiddie Matthew K , Freeborn Kellie , Lusaka Mildred M , Lungu Rose , Mutale Wilbroad , Rosenberg Nora E , Kasaro Margaret , Mollan Katie R , Chi Benjamin H 
Published: July 2023

Background To meet global targets for the elimination of mother-to-child HIV transmission, tailored approaches to HIV testing strategies need prioritizing. Herein, we sought to identify individual-level factors associated with male partner HIV testing. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of data from two parallel randomized trials of pregnant women living with HIV and those HIV-negative in Lusaka, Zambia. Across both trials, control groups received partner notification services only, while intervention groups received partner notification services plus HIV self-test kits for their partners. Associations between baseline factors and male partner testing were estimated using a probability difference. The outcome of interest was uptake of male partner HIV testing of any kind within 30 days of randomization. Results The parent study enrolled 326 participants. Among the 151 women in the control groups, no clear associations were noted between maternal or male partner characteristics and reported uptake of male partner HIV testing. There were positive trends favouring partner testing among women who completed primary school education, had larger households (>2 members), and whose partners were circumcised. Likewise, no clear predictors of male partner testing were identified among the 149 women in the intervention groups. However, negative trends favouring no testing were noted among older, multiparous women from larger households. Conclusion No consistent predictors for male partner HIV testing across two compared strategies were observed. Our findings suggest that differentiated strategies for male partner HIV testing may not be necessary. Instead, consideration should be given to universal approaches when bringing such services to scale.
Shaping Circular Service Ecosystems
Authors: Fehrer Julia A. , Kemper Joya A. , Baker Jonathan J. 
Published: July 2023

The circular economy (CE) presents an alternative perspective to the linear take-make-use-dispose model prevalent in industrial value chains. CE envisions economies operating like natural ecosystems—restorative and waste-free, underpinned by principles such as reuse, repair, share, and pay-for-use. Surprisingly, although these principles align with the fundamentals of service management, there is limited scholarly exploration of CE within service research. Leveraging service-dominant logic, this study introduces the concept of circular service ecosystems as ideal types of service ecosystems, regenerative, and embedded within nature, where (material, intellectual, digital and financial) resources flow seamlessly within and between nested systems without creating any waste or leakage. By analyzing 3,178 blogs penned by CE experts over 7 years and conducting in-depth interviews with industry specialists, this study offers two significant contributions. Firstly, it presents a process framework elucidating the transition towards circular service ecosystems. This framework explains the emergence of novel circular solutions and service ecosystem properties through processes of de- and re-institutionalization. Secondly, the study identifies six shaping strategies that actors can apply to drive circular service ecosystem transitions. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of circular service ecosystems and CE as promising areas for future service research, providing a comprehensive research agenda to explore these areas in depth.
Development and Validation of Binary Classifiers to Predict Nocturnal Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Afentakis Ioannis , Unsworth Rebecca , Herrero Pau , Oliver Nick , Reddy Monika , Georgiou Pantelis 
Published: July 2023

Background: One of the biggest challenges for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using multiple daily injections (MDIs) is nocturnal hypoglycemia (NH). Recurrent NH can lead to serious complications; hence, prevention is of high importance. In this work, we develop and externally validate, device-agnostic Machine Learning (ML) models to provide bedtime decision support to people with T1D and minimize the risk of NH. Methods: We present the design and development of binary classifiers to predict NH (blood glucose levels occurring below 70 mg/dL). Using data collected from a 6-month study of 37 adult participants with T1D under free-living conditions, we extract daytime features from continuous glucose monitor (CGM) sensors, administered insulin, meal, and physical activity information. We use these features to train and test the performance of two ML algorithms: Random Forests (RF) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). We further evaluate our model in an external population of 20 adults with T1D using MDI insulin therapy and wearing CGM and flash glucose monitoring sensors for two periods of eight weeks each. Results: At population-level, SVM outperforms RF algorithm with a receiver operating characteristic–area under curve (ROC-AUC) of 79.36% (95% CI: 76.86%, 81.86%). The proposed SVM model generalizes well in an unseen population (ROC-AUC = 77.06%), as well as between the two different glucose sensors (ROC-AUC = 77.74%). Conclusions: Our model shows state-of-the-art performance, generalizability, and robustness in sensor devices from different manufacturers. We believe it is a potential viable approach to inform people with T1D about their risk of NH before it occurs.
Navigating the Maze: Caregivers Perception on Design Elements to Improve Wayfinding for Older Adults With Dementia in Long-Term Care Facilities
Authors: Alam Silvia , Kim Daejin 
Published: July 2023

Aim: The main purpose of this research is to understand the wayfinding experience of older adults with dementia in long-term care facilities and identifying environmental design elements that support older adults’ spatial abilities. Background: Wayfinding problems are the earliest symptoms of dementia, and older adults with cognitive impairment are more likely to get lost in the community and consequences cause psychological responses such as insecurity, agitation, and falling in their environment. Method: The research used data collected from 30 caregivers of two long-term care facilities in the Midwest through a survey and interview on their perceptions of wayfinding design elements. Results: The research findings highlighted on caregivers’ perception on wayfinding experience of older adults with dementia. The findings show a significant difference between importance and satisfaction on floor pattern and visibility in the facilities. Study indicated that glass partitions in the middle of the hall and corridor can create visual obstruction for older adults and barrier for staff as well to keep visual track on them. The qualitative study revealed that different colored doors for individual patient room in a memory care enhance older adults’ wayfinding abilities. In addition, in case of multisensory stimuli, noise and smell can improve their wayfinding abilities as well. Conclusion: The conclusion of the study highlights the importance of understanding the design elements that can be effective in creating a safer environment for older adults with dementia.
Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Related Risk Factors, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Among Inmates in Hawassa Central Prison Institute: Hawassa, Sidama National Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Reta Oute , Daka Deresse 
Published: July 2023

Background The bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae commonly causes severe bacterial illnesses in both children and adults. S. pneumoniae is the most fatal bacterial pathogen, causing 50% of the deaths from lower respiratory infections in people of all ages. Objectives This study was aimed to determine a nasopharyngeal carriage rate of S. pneumoniae, related risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility among prisoners in Hawassa Central Prison Institute Hawassa, Ethiopia Methods From July to August 2021, a cross-sectional investigation was carried out in Hawassa prison. All randomly chosen adult volunteers were a part of the study. In this study, about 330 different people were included. Within 3 h of collection, the swab specimen was inoculated onto 5% sheep blood agar; the inoculated medium was then incubated for 18-24 h at 35-37 °C in a CO2-enriched environment. Following incubation, the S. pneumoniae colonies were suspected, but the usual colony shape, alpha-hemolysis, Gram staining, optochin susceptibility, and bile solubility test allowed for confirmation. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute's guidelines. Results Overall carriage rate of S. pneumoniae among adult individuals were 41 (12.7%). The carriage rate of S. pneumoniae was affected by age classes that 39-48 years (OR = 4.82, 95%CI = 1.49-15.56, p = .009), 49-58 years (OR = 5.27, 95%CI = 1.27-21.89, p = .022), and greater than 58 years (OR = 4.36, 95%CI = 1.13-16.90, p = .033); cigarette smoking (OR = 3.41, 95%CI = 1.16-10.01, p = .026); and sharing beds (OR = 3.91, 95%CI = 1.27-12.07, p = .018). The majority of the isolates are susceptible for clindamycin (87.8%) and resistant for chloramphenicol (56%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 36.7%. Conclusions The overall carriage rate of S. pneumoniae was 12.7%. Age, cigarette smoking, and sharing beds in the same prison room had a substantial impact on this nasopharyngeal carriage rate. Chloramphenicol (56%), erythromycin (41.5%), tetracycline (39%), and co-trimoxazole (34.1%) resistance were seen in the majority of S. pneumoniae isolates. Early detection, hygiene maintenance, and appropriate treatment are necessary.
Health care experiences of people with Parkinson’s disease in Australia
Authors: Danoudis Mary , Soh Sze-Ee , Iansek Robert 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the health care experiences of people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) living in Australia. Exploring health care experiences can provide insight into service gaps which can then help direct quality improvement, such as improving communication between patients and health professionals.

Methods
This study aimed to examine the health care experiences of a sample of PwP living in Australia using the Patient-Centered Questionnaire for Parkinson’s disease (PCQ-PD). Participants were recruited from four sources located in Victoria, Australia: (1) a metropolitan Movement Disorders Program (Group 1); (2) metropolitan based movement disorder neurologists working as sole practitioners and not within multidisciplinary teams (Group 2); (3) a regional based multidisciplinary PD program (Group 3); and (4) PD support groups in regional and rural Victorian towns without PD specialist programs (Group 4). Scores derived from the PCQ-PD included the overall patient-centered score (OPS), six sub-scale experience scores (SES) and the quality improvement scores (QIS). Health care experiences were compared between Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 and multivariate linear regression models were used to explore factors contributing to patient-centeredness.

Results
227 participants reported a mean (SD) OPS score of 1.8 (SD 0.5) with no significant differences between groups. The rating for the Tailored Information subscale was low, (mean 1.3, SD 0.5), with Group 2 having a significantly lower score, 1.1 (SD 0.5), compared to Group 1, 1.4 (SD 0.5) (p = 0.048). Experiences of Continuity of Care and Collaboration of Professionals were rated significantly lower by Group 2, 1.3 (SD 1.0) compared to Groups 1, 1.8 (SD 0.9) (p = 0.018) and 3, 2.1 (SD 0.8) (p = 0.002). Care aspects related to the Tailored Information subscale were prioritised for improvement by all groups. The main predictors of positive health care experiences were disease duration (coeff 0.02; 95% CI 0.00, 0.04) and living with another person (coeff 0.27: 95% CI 0.03, 0.51).

Conclusion
This sample of participants with PD had poor experiences of several aspects of care known to be important in the provision of quality PD care. They prioritised the improvement of personalised health care information and better continuity of care and collaboration between health professionals.
Relationships of work stress and interpersonal needs with industrial workers’ mental health: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Wang Rongxi , Liu Yujie , Liu Shangbin , Chen Hui , Yu Xiaoyue , Xu Chen , Chen Yingjie , Xia Danni , Ge Xin , Wang Zhiqiang , Chang Ruijie , hu Fan , Shen Tian , Wang Ying , Wang Zixin , Cao Bolin , Zhang Kechun , Zou Huachun , Qin Jiade , Li Sisi , Cai Yong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study explores whether feelings of defeat (i.e., a sense of failed struggle and losing rank; referred to as defeat for simplicity) mediated the effect of work stress on depression/anxiety, the effect of interpersonal needs on depression/anxiety for Chinese industrial workers, and the possible moderating role of social support.

Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shenzhen, China in 2019, in total, 2023 industrial workers (of 2700 invited; response rate = 75%) completed a self-administered survey consisted of Job Stress Scale, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Defeat Scale, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, two face-valid questions for social support, as well as sociodemographic information. Moderated mediation model was tested and loop plots were applied to probe into the conditional effects of work and interpersonal stress on depression and anxiety symptoms.

Result
Both the direct and indirect effect of work stress on depression and anxiety through defeat were significant (Work stress→ Depression: B = 0.035, p < .001, Work stress→ Defeat→ Depression: B = 0.034, p < .001; Work stress→ Anxiety: B = 0.038, p < .001, Work stress→ Defeat→ Anxiety: B = 0.045, p < .001). Meanwhile, defeat mediated the relationship of interpersonal needs with depression partially and the relationship of interpersonal needs with anxiety totally (Interpersonal needs→ Anxiety: B = 0.133, p < .001, Interpersonal needs→ Defeat→ Anxiety: B = 0.010, p = .537). Social support moderated the indirect path between interpersonal needs and depression/anxiety and buffered the effect.

Conclusion
The mediating role of defeat and the moderator role of social support in the relationship between stress and depression/anxiety were confirmed in industrial workers. Workers who reported more work and interpersonal stress would report more defeat feelings, and then exhibited more depression and anxiety symptoms; this mediation effect was stronger for those who had lower social support, respectively.