bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polydopamine surface functionalized submicron ZnO for broadening the processing window of 3D printable PLA composites
Authors: Yang Xiao-Mei , Yin Guang-Zhong , Amorós Olga Zafra , Hernández María Arroyo , de la Vega Jimena , Torralba José Manuel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe “catalytic degradation” of metal oxides limits the wide application of PLA when PLA needs to be modified by adding metal oxides to achieve desired properties. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a common and widely used agent as it can be used for many properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, etc. However, detrimental effects often exist on the properties of polymers after introducing the ZnO, due to the catalytic degradation. In this study, we used polydopamine (PDA) to construct ZnO@PDA core-shell submicron particles via the self-polymerization of dopamine (DA) in alkaline solution, aimed to produce a surface functionalization that would be used to control the rate of degradation of PLA by ZnO during thermal processing, and promote the preservation of mechanical properties. PLA with different contents of ZnO and ZnO@PDA were prepared by a simple melt extrusion method. The degradation behavior, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity of ZnO/PLA and ZnO@PDA/PLA were investigated. It was found that the incorporation of ZnO@PDA in PLA at different contents exhibits a dramatic control over the degradation rate when compared to that of the ZnO/PLA with the same filler content. Notably, the T5% and T50% of 3%-ZnO@PDA/PLA increased by 36.4 oC and 31.9 oC. GPC results showed the molecular weight of 3%-ZnO@PDA/PLA was only reduced by 15.8% after thermal processing. In addition, 3%-ZnO@PDA/PLA can be 3D-printed smoothly. That is to say, the introduction of ZnO@PDA can increase the processing window of PLA/ZnO composites, providing the possibility for materials that need to be included in civil application. Accordingly, ZnO@PDA/PLA samples showed higher tensile strength and elongation at break than that of corresponding ZnO/PLA samples. Regarding the antibacterial behavior, the ZnO@PDA/PLA have more bacterial growth disability effect against Gram(+) bacteria than that of pure PLA.
Musical Mnemonics in Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals and Individuals with Alzheimer’s Dementia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Derks-Dijkman Marije W. , Schaefer Rebecca S. , Kessels Roy P. C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBased on the idea that music acts as a mnemonic aid, musical mnemonics (i.e., sung presentation of information, also referred to as ‘music as a structural prompt’), are being used in educational and therapeutic settings. However, evidence in general and patient populations is still scarce. We investigated whether musical mnemonics affect working and episodic memory performance in cognitively unimpaired individuals and persons with Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). Furthermore, we examined the possible contribution of musical expertise. We comprehensively searched the PubMed and PsycINFO databases for studies published between 1970 and 2022. Also, reference lists of all identified papers were manually extracted to identify additional articles. Of 1,126 records identified, 37 were eligible and included. Beneficial effects of musical mnemonics on some aspect of memory performance were reported in 28 of 37 studies, including nine on AD. Nine studies found no beneficial effect. Familiarity contributed positively to this beneficial effect in cognitively unimpaired adults, but require more extensive investigation in AD. Musical expertise generally did not lead to additional benefits for cognitively unimpaired participants, but may benefit people with AD. Musical mnemonics may help to learn and remember verbal information in cognitively unimpaired individuals and individuals with memory impairment. Here, we provide a theoretical model of the possible underlying mechanisms of musical mnemonics, building on previous frameworks. We also discuss the implications for designing music-based mnemonics.
The structure of moral encroachment
Authors: Hirvelä Jaakko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAccording to moral encroachment facts about epistemic justification can vary with moral factors that are unrelated to the truth of the belief. Most of the literature on this topic has focused on how beliefs can wrong, and whether the data that moral encroachers offer in support of their view can be explained within a purist framework. A largely neglected question has been what kind of consequences moral encroachment would have for epistemic justification if the thesis were true. Here I remedy this shortcoming by examining what kind of structural implications moral encroachment has for epistemic justification.
Urbanization influences spatiotemporal patterns of roost site selection by black vultures and turkey vultures
Authors: Hill Jacob E. , Kellner Kenneth F. , Holland Amanda E. , Kluever Bryan M. , Pfeiffer Morgan B. , DeVault Travis L. , Belant Jerrold L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRoost locations can be an important contributor to vulture conflicts with humans, but factors influencing roost-site selection at a landscape level remain largely unexplored. Further, there has been little research comparing how these factors vary between nocturnal and diurnal roosting sites. We used remote cameras to document daily variation in vulture use of 21 roosts (20 communication/water towers and 1 natural roost) near Beaufort, South Carolina, USA from October 2019–August 2020. Numbers of vultures on roosts increased with decreasing urban cover and with greater distance to water, but were not influenced by habitat fragmentation or elevation. Roosts surrounded by greater proportions of urban cover were used more often during the day, whereas roosts adjacent to less urban cover were more commonly used at night. We suggest that this relationship results from a greater daytime association with human development, areas that likely provide food and favorable soaring conditions for vultures. Vultures tended to depart nocturnal roosts before sunrise and return within two hours of sunset, indicating that aircraft collision risk resulting from movement around nocturnal roosts would be elevated during these times. Several communication towers routinely had > 100 vultures roosting on them at once, likely contributing to conflict with humans. Our findings reiterate the generalism of these species and their capacity to exploit novel structures for roosting, which has likely contributed to range expansions and resultant increases in human-vulture conflicts over the past several decades.
The Complex Relationship between the Board and Web Transparency in Nonprofit Organizations
Authors: Benito-Esteban Clara I. , Elvira-Lorilla Teresa , Garcia-Rodriguez Inigo , Romero-Merino M. Elena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis research analyzes the relationship between board composition and web transparency in nonprofit organizations (NPOs). The board is conceived as a governance mechanism that not only monitors management but also gives voice to all stakeholders and considers accountability—and, more specifically, web transparency—as a key instrument for the NPO’s legitimization. To conduct this study, we manually built a database from the CVs of 793 directors of 67 Spanish non-governmental development organizations and we use fuzzy set comparative qualitative analysis (fsQCA). Our results indicate that board composition (size, independence, gender diversity, and presence of directors with financial or NPOs’ expertise) influences transparency and that, depending on the organizational size and legal form, there are different board configurations that lead to high transparency. Generally, NPOs should include experts in nonprofit sector and more female members on their boards to increase transparency.
“We Closed Down Mpape on the Judgement Day”: Resistance and Place-Making in Urban Informal Settlements in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Ismail Nuhu Adeiza , Aceska Ana , Adu-Ampong Emmanuel Akwasi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInformal settlements in major urban areas are often derided through discourses as pockets of poverty, disorder, and marginalisation. Consequently, city planning officials often seek to eliminate or reduce such settlements for more ordered planned settlements. Yet, informal urban settlements continue to remain a part of urban life and have, in many places, increased in size and density. This paper provides an ethnographic account of the place-making activities deployed by informal settlement dwellers in Abuja, Nigeria, who face constant threats of displacement and eviction. We use place-making as an analytic lens with which to explore the discursive, political, and material strategies used by individuals and communities to resist the threats of displacement. Through ethnographic fieldwork in Mabushi and Mpape, we identify, on the one hand, the key material strategies of place-making to include incremental improvement to dwellings, planting of economic trees, and physical confrontations. On the other hand, the formation of settlement associations and active involvement in local politics with its attendant alliance-making have contributed to place-making strategies through the development of meanings, senses of togetherness, and belonging to the settlements. Our findings show the agency of informal settlement dwellers and how they use both material processes and discursive narratives to generate new meanings of place, tenure security, and the right to the city. This enables them to resist displacement from the urban environment. We conclude that a place-making approach to exploring informal settlements is fruitful for understanding the complexity of urban change processes in the Nigerian context.
Contribution of glaciers to water, energy and food security in mountain regions: current perspectives and future priorities
Authors: Clason Caroline , Rangecroft Sally , Owens Philip N. , Łokas Edyta , Baccolo Giovanni , Selmes Nick , Beard Dylan , Kitch Jessica , Dextre Rosa María , Morera Sergio , Blake Will 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMountain glaciers are crucial sources of fresh water, contributing directly and indirectly to water, energy and food supplies for hundreds of millions of people. Assessing the impact of diminishing glacial meltwater contributions to the security of this resource is critical as we seek to manage and adapt to changing freshwater dynamics in a warming world. Both water quantity and quality influence water (in)security, so understanding the fluxes of water, sediment and contaminants through glacial and proglacial systems is required for holistic assessment of meltwater contribution to downstream resource security. In this paper we consider the socio-environmental role of and pressures on glacier-fed waters, discuss key research priorities for the assessment of both the quantity and quality of meltwater and reflect on the importance of situating our understanding within a transdisciplinary and inclusive research landscape.
Probabilism: An Open Future Solution to the Actualism/Possibilism Debate
Authors: COHEN YISHAI , TIMMERMAN TRAVIS 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe actualism/possibilism debate in ethics is traditionally formulated in terms of whether true counterfactuals of freedom about the future (true subjunctive conditionals concerning what someone would freely do in the future if they were in certain circumstances) even partly determine an agent's present moral obligations. But the very assumption that there are true counterfactuals of freedom about the future conflicts with the idea that freedom requires a metaphysically open future. We develop probabilism as a solution to the actualism/possibilism debate, a solution that accommodates an open future requirement for freedom. We argue that probabilism resolves the conflicting intuitions that arise between actualists and possibilists and maintains certain distinct advantages over actualism and possibilism.
Local limits of spatial inhomogeneous random graphs
Authors: van der Hofstad Remco , van der Hoorn Pim , Maitra Neeladri 
Published: April 2023

AbstractConsider a set of n vertices, where each vertex has a location in
$\mathbb{R}^d$
that is sampled uniformly from the unit cube in
$\mathbb{R}^d$
, and a weight associated to it. Construct a random graph by placing edges independently for each vertex pair with a probability that is a function of the distance between the locations and the vertex weights.Under appropriate integrability assumptions on the edge probabilities that imply sparseness of the model, after appropriately blowing up the locations, we prove that the local limit of this random graph sequence is the (countably) infinite random graph on
$\mathbb{R}^d$
with vertex locations given by a homogeneous Poisson point process, having weights which are independent and identically distributed copies of limiting vertex weights. Our set-up covers many sparse geometric random graph models from the literature, including geometric inhomogeneous random graphs (GIRGs), hyperbolic random graphs, continuum scale-free percolation, and weight-dependent random connection models.We prove that the limiting degree distribution is mixed Poisson and the typical degree sequence is uniformly integrable, and we obtain convergence results on various measures of clustering in our graphs as a consequence of local convergence. Finally, as a byproduct of our argument, we prove a doubly logarithmic lower bound on typical distances in this general setting.
Disaster and Emergency Preparedness and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Child Care Programs in Michigan: A Mixed-Methods Analysis
Authors: Budnik Elizabeth M. , Hashikawa Andrew N. , Cator Allison , Bradin Stuart , Mangus Courtney W. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Historically, the child care industry has been unprepared for emergencies. A previous study identified gaps in Michigan’s child care programs’ emergency plans. Study objectives were to reassess programs’ preparedness plans after introduction of state-mandated emergency plans and to examine the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on programs’ operations.

Methods:
A 29-question survey was sent to ∼500 child care programs across Michigan in 2020 to assess emergency plans and response to COVID-19. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative methods.

Results:
A total of 346 programs (70%) responded. Most (92%) reported having a written plan, but one-third reported having no infectious outbreak plan pre-pandemic. One-third of programs lacked plans for special needs children (vs 40% in 2014); 62% lacked plans for child reunification (vs 60% in 2014); 46% reported staff received no preparedness training. COVID-19 impacted programs substantially: 59% closed, 20% decreased capacity, 27% changed disinfecting protocols. Several themes related to the pandemic’s effect on programs were identified: (1) changes in learning, (2) changes in socialization, (3) increased family burden, (4) financial challenges, (5) lack of guidance.

Conclusions:
Significant preparedness gaps remain among Michigan’s child care programs, suggesting the need for increased support and addition of emergency preparedness to programs’ quality ratings.
Political theories of money and the politics of contextualisation
Authors: Trivellato Francesca 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis essay engages with Stephan Eich’s The Currency of Politics. It finds that the book pursues two goals at once: a minimalist goal of bringing money as a subject of inquiry back into the fold of political theory and a maximalist goal consisting in the stated ambition to ‘articulate more democratic visions of the future of money’. It interrogates Eich’s effort to harnesses a historical perspective to normative claims from the standpoint of a historian of pre-modern Europe. More specifically, it asks what role close reading, intertextuality and contextualisation play in Eich’s approach; why he recognises certain episodes from the (distant) past rather than others as relevant to current predicaments and potential future scenarios; and why he singles out the English financial revolution of the 1690s as the first relevant moment of crisis after the monetary reforms undertaken in Athens in the sixth century BCE.
Towards a constitutional theory of money: opening Europe’s money up to public discourse
Authors: Losada Fernando 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStefan Eich’s The Currency of Politics reconstructs and contextualises the monetary understanding of some of the most renowned political thinkers in history. By contextualising each author’s conceptualisation (subjective perception) against their respective contemporary monetary frameworks (objective institutional dimension), Eich elaborates a narrative composed of cumulative layers leading to a double conclusion: that money is political at its core, and that current policies are actively de-politicizing money. These relevant findings are the point of departure of a reflection on the role that law, and constitutional theory in particular, must play in the configuration of Europe’s common currency to overcome some of the most acute difficulties the process of integration is currently experiencing. If the triad law, money and public discourse is supposed to articulate social life in the polity, European monetary integration has neutralised them by neglecting the relevance of one of their key features: civic reciprocity. Reactivating the three mechanisms of social integration requires an exercise of constitutional imagination able to integrate interdisciplinary knowledge about money within an institutional framework able to prevent the concentration of unlimited power in unaccountable institutions and to promote and fully exploit the democratic potential of money.
Why European legal scholarship should become aware of Karl Polanyi: The Great Transformation and the integration project
Authors: Joerges Christian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs the Second World War was drawing to a close in 1944, two great works of political economy were published. One of them was Friedrich August von Hayek’s The Road to Serfdom,1 inspiring the defenders of free market movements ever since and up to the present. The other was Karl Polanyi’s The Great Transformation.2 This essay will focus on Polanyi but also pay tribute to Hayek. Contrasting the two helps to understand both of them better. Of the two, Hayek, the Nobel prize winner, is of course more widely known and by far more influential. But Polanyi’s work, too, has achieved and has been attracting as of recently such attention that one of the Directors of the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies in Cologne proclaimed that ‘we are all Polanyian now’,3 not only in economic sociology, but also in related disciplines, including, of course, political economy and political theory. A plethora of aspects of The Great Transformation are very widely discussed. This essay will be concerned with the not-so-well explored importance of Polanyi’s work for European Law and legal scholarship in general, including his theorems on the ‘embedded economy’, his conceptualisation of labour as a ‘fictitious commodity’ as well as the notion of counter-movements. It will then juxtapose Polanyi’s expectation of a new international order with the development of the European integration project and sketch out the contours of the democracy-enhancing conflicts law and its affinities with Polanyian core normative principles.
Property, corporations, and constitutionalisation in a global political economy
Authors: Robé Jean-Philippe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the Law of Political Economy perspective, private property is the corner stone right. Constitutionally, it amounts to a right of decision-making as a matter of principle towards the object of property. It is a decentralisation of the State’s sovereignty. This feature entitles owners to set rules in connection with the use of their property to which users of their property must submit. This is the origin of the authority relationships within business firms. Within liberal constitutional orders, this strong enabling characteristic of property was originally designed for individuals only. But business corporations, subsequently introduced in the legal system, have found the way to have access to these same rights. Concentrating productive assets, they have in effect concentrated rights of decision-making as a matter if principle. And the global firms (or enterprises) using corporations to structure their activities now make use of their prerogatives in a global legal space in which the Law of Political Economy is unable to reconnect economic and political issues. One way out of this major issue raised by globalisation is to constitutionalise world private governments. Recent court cases addressing climate change demonstrate that this is a viable solution.1
The communicative turn in money production and central banking
Authors: Goldoni Marco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis intervention expands Stefan Eich’s analysis of the parallel between language and money in The Currency of Politics by emphasising the increasing importance of linguistic communication within processes of production. This expansion has had an impact on monetary policy and on the communicative strategies of central banks. The suggestion is to integrate Eich’s call for the politicisation of monetary design with an appraisal of post-fordiist productive processes and the importance of money creation for the valorisation of those processes. If this reading of the expansion of the logic of economic value to linguistic communication is correct, then any call for a monetary design of money that works like public speech ought to be carry forward cautiously, in light of the colonisation of the latter (speech) by market forces
Rigid continuation paths II. structured polynomial systems
Authors: Bürgisser Peter , Cucker Felipe , Lairez Pierre 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work studies the average complexity of solving structured polynomial systems that are characterised by a low evaluation cost, as opposed to the dense random model previously used. Firstly, we design a continuation algorithm that computes, with high probability, an approximate zero of a polynomial system given only as black-box evaluation program. Secondly, we introduce a universal model of random polynomial systems with prescribed evaluation complexityL. Combining both, we show that we can compute an approximate zero of a random structured polynomial system withnequations of degree at most${D}$innvariables with only$\operatorname {poly}(n, {D}) L$operations with high probability. This exceeds the expectations implicit in Smale’s 17th problem.
Bordered Floer homology and contact structures
Authors: Alishahi Akram , Földvári Viktória , Hendricks Kristen , Licata Joan , Petkova Ina , Vértesi Vera 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We introduce a contact invariant in the bordered sutured Heegaard Floer homology of a three-manifold with boundary. The input for the invariant is a contact manifold

$(M, \xi , \mathcal {F})$

whose convex boundary is equipped with a signed singular foliation

$\mathcal {F}$

closely related to the characteristic foliation. Such a manifold admits a family of foliated open book decompositions classified by a Giroux correspondence, as described in [LV20]. We use a special class of foliated open books to construct admissible bordered sutured Heegaard diagrams and identify well-defined classes

$c_D$

and

$c_A$

in the corresponding bordered sutured modules.
Foliated open books exhibit user-friendly gluing behavior, and we show that the pairing on invariants induced by gluing compatible foliated open books recovers the Heegaard Floer contact invariant for closed contact manifolds. We also consider a natural map associated to forgetting the foliation

$\mathcal {F}$

in favor of the dividing set and show that it maps the bordered sutured invariant to the contact invariant of a sutured manifold defined by Honda–Kazez–Matić.