bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal lupus erythematosus manifested as a complete heart block: A case report
Authors: Gyawali Siddinath , Rauniyar Suraj Prasad Gupta , Gyawali Bindu , Bhusal Tapasya , Basnet Srijana 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageFetal bradycardia and congenital complete heart block could be the presentation of neonatal lupus. A high index of suspicion of this condition helps to identify an asymptomatic mother.AbstractNeonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is a rare acquired autoimmune disease of newborns due to placental transfer of Ro/SSA or La/SSB autoantibodies. Though cardiac, cutaneous, hematological, and hepatobiliary abnormalities are detected, cardiac defects cause significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of complete congenital heart block due to NLE.
Preoperative detection of functional somatostatin receptors in a patient with an insulinoma
Authors: Oguni Kohei , Fukushima Shinnosuke , Yamamoto Yukichika , Hasegawa Kou , Hagiya Hideharu , Inoshita Naoko , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageOctreotide is used in patients with insulinomas to treat hypoglycemia, and somatostatin receptor (SSTR) 2 expression is important for its efficacy. We report a case of insulinoma in a 50‐year‐old woman that responded to an octreotide test, showed accumulation in somatostatin scintigraphy, and was positive for SSTR2A on immunostaining.
Two‐Dimensional Amorphous Iridium Oxide for Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Yu Hao , Liao Fan , Zhu Wenxiang , Qin Keyang , Shi Jie , Ma Mengjie , Li Youyong , Fang Miaomiao , Su Jiaqi , Song Beibei , Li Lamei , Zairov Rustem R. , Ji Yujin , Shao Mingwang , Shao Qi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe increasing popularity of proton exchange membrane electrolysis technology for hydrogen production has brought attention to the electrolytic water reaction. However, the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode have great influence on the overall efficiency of the reaction. While iridium oxide shows excellent stability under acidic conditions, its OER activity still needs to be improved. Here, we synthesized two‐dimensional amorphous iridium oxide (Am−IrO2) nanosheets with the thickness of only 6 nm by a mixed molten salt method. Such nanosheets show an ultralow overpotential of only 230 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 M H2SO4. The overpotential increases only 40 mV after 90 hours of the stability test at this current density. Am−IrO2 can maintain the current density of ~400 mA cm−2 after 120 hours of test at 1.8 V in the PEM device, demonstrating good industrial prospects. Density functional theoretical calculations show that the oxygen vacancies, together with the upshift of the O 2p band center, are responsible for the improvement of OER in Am−IrO2.
Ibuprofen Adsorption onto Olive Pomace Activated Carbon
Authors: Raupp Íris Nunes , Filho Alaor Valério , Arim Aline Lemos , Muniz Ana Rosa Costa , da Rosa Gabriela Silveira 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPharmaceutical compounds present in liquid effluents have great environmental impact. Thus, the development of alternative adsorbent materials from agro‐industrial activities has received attention. This work aimed to adsorb ibuprofen onto activated carbon from olive pomace and evaluate the parameters of the adsorption system. The experiments were performed in batch and continuous flow. The mathematical models that best described the experimental data were the pseudo‐second‐order and Langmuir models for kinetic and isothermal studies. The fixed bed experiments showed a good fit for the Thomas model.
Organic Semiconductor Interfaces and Their Effects in Organic Solar Cells†
Authors: Wang Chuanfei , Li Weidong , Zeng Qi , Liu Xianjie , Fahlman Mats , Bao Qinye 
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive SummaryEnergy levels and energy level alignment at interfaces play a decisive role in designing efficient and stable organic solar cells (OSCs). In this review two usually used technologies in organic photovoltaic communities for measuring energy levels of organic semiconductors, photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods, are introduced, and the relationships between the values obtained from the corresponding techniques are compared. The energy level and energy level alignment across the interfaces involved in solution processed organic photovoltaics are described, and the corresponding integer charge transfer model for predicting and explaining energy level alignment is presented. The effects of the interface properties in designing efficient binary and ternary OSCs were discussed. The effects of environmental factors mainly including water vapor, oxygen gas and thermal annealing on energy levels and energy level alignment involved in photoactive layers, and the subsequent effects on the corresponding OSC properties are given.
Monochromatic design in a polychrome world. Why our cities have become increasingly gray: A dichotomy between production and reception in architectural color design
Authors: Weber Ralf 
Published: August 2023

AbstractColor is a central component of human experience, yet when we narrow our focus to the practice of city planning and architecture, color only plays a marginal role in the initial phases of the design process. This paper reviews various approaches to using color on buildings: for example, the evolution of regional styles due to the availability of pigments and materials, the use of color as a form of decorative drapery, and the emphasis of a building's pure form without any additional color. Central to the paper is the analysis of the dichotomy between the reality of the process of actually experiencing a city and its buildings on the one hand and the design process on the other—a dichotomy between reception and production, thus, a contradiction between an “atmospheric world” of human perception and cognition and a professional world of imaginative design, in which the spatial atmosphere created by color, material, and light often emerges only as a by‐product at the end of a conceptual and diagrammatic planning process. The paper proposes a different way of going about the architectural design process that encompasses holistic thinking in color, material, and light right from the start.
Fault diagnosis for wind turbines based on LSTM and feature optimization strategies
Authors: Feng Rongqiang , Du Hongwei , Du Tianchi , Wu Xueqiong , Yu Haiping , Zhang Kexin , Huang Chenxi , Cao Lianlian 
Published: August 2023

SummaryHigh penetration of renewable energy is the development trend of the future power system. As one of the clean energy sources, wind power generation has an increasing share in the energy market. However, due to the harsh working environment, the high fault rate and poor accessibility of the wind farms, resulting in the difficult maintenance process and high cost. This article proposes a fault diagnosis (FD) method based on long short‐term memory (LSTM) and feature optimization strategies for wind turbines (WTs), thus reducing the operation and maintenance costs of WTs. First, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis is performed on the collected data features to remove redundant features, and wavelet transform is adopted to remove the redundant data, so as to optimize the fault features and fault data. Then the selected features samples are used to train LSTM‐based FD model. Finally, the actual production data is adopted to verify the proposed method. The proposed method can effectively locate the faults, and provide data support for wind farms, thus improving the reliability, safety, and economic benefits of wind farms.
Design and development of leaky least mean fourth control algorithm for single‐phase grid‐connected multilevel inverter
Authors: Mittal Sudhanshu , Singh Alka , Chittora Prakash 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThis paper proposes leaky least mean fourth (LLMF) algorithm for the control of five‐level series connected H‐bridge multilevel inverter (5L SCHB‐MLI). The SCHB multilevel inverter is a popular configuration due to its wide application for high‐power and medium‐voltage applications. The complete system comprising the grid, load, and compensator is modeled in MATLAB/SIMULINK. Prototype hardware is also developed in the laboratory for experimental validation. The 5L SCHB inverter is connected in a single‐phase power distribution system and controlled as a compensator. The voltage across both DC links of the H‐bridges is regulated to almost equal value by the proposed control algorithm. The closed loop system is designed to mitigate total harmonic distortion (THD) in the source current and improve the power quality of the proposed system. The system is analyzed under the steady state and dynamic state, and the results are also verified on the hardware prototype developed in the laboratory. The proposed algorithm is also compared with conventional least means square (LMS) algorithm and notch filter algorithm on several parameters. The paper discusses a detailed simulation and hardware analysis on the control of five‐level MLI topology.
Molecular genetics and quantitative traits divergence among populations of Eothenomys miletus from Hengduan Mountain region
Authors: Ren Yue , Jia Ting , Cai Yanfei , Zhang Lin , Zhang Hao , Wang Zhengkun , Zhu Wanlong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn important objective of evolutionary biology has always been to grasp the evolutionary and genetic processes that contribute to speciation. The present work provides the first detailed account of the genetic and physiological adaptation to changing environmental temperatures as well as the reasons causing intraspecific divergence in the Eothenomys miletus from the Hengduan Mountain (HM) region, one of the biodiversity hotspots. One hundred sixty‐one E. miletus individuals from five populations in the HM region had their reduced‐representation genome sequenced, and one additional individual from each community had their genomes resequenced. We then characterized the genetic diversity and population structure of each population and compared the phenotypic divergence in traits using neutral molecular markers. We detected significant phenotypic and genetic alterations in E. miletus from the HM region that were related to naturally occurring diverse habitats by combining morphometrics and genomic techniques. There was asymmetric gene flow among the E. miletus populations, indicating that five E. miletus populations exhibit an isolation‐by‐island model, and this was supported by the correlation between FST and geographic distance. Finally, PST estimated by phenotypic measures of most wild traits were higher than differentiation at neutral molecular markers, indicating directional natural selection favoring different phenotypes in different populations must have been involved to achieve this much differentiation. Our findings give information on the demographic history of E. miletus, new insights into their evolution and adaptability, and literature for studies of a similar nature on other wild small mammals from the HM region.
Investigating avian competition for surface water in an arid zone bioregion
Authors: Votto Simon E. , Schlesinger Christine , Dyer Fiona , Caron Valerie , Davis Jenny 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInterference competition has the potential to alter avian assemblages at long‐lasting arid zone waterholes, particularly in a warming world, as more potentially aggressive species frequent these sites to drink. We used camera traps and observational surveys to investigate interference competition between terrestrial avian species at six long‐lasting waterholes across three sampling seasons (two summers and one winter) within the MacDonnell Ranges Bioregion in central Australia. The proportion of individuals drinking for each of four dietary classes (granivores, nectarivores, omnivores, and insectivores) was modelled in relation to their abundance in the immediate waterhole habitat, which informed the potential for competition in each season. We then used the temporal overlap estimators to quantify the degree of competition between species at waterholes with species grouped into families (Meliphagidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Estrildidae, and Rhipiduridae). We found the proportion of individuals drinking at waterholes was greatest during hot and dry periods, suggesting the potential for interference competition is greatest during these times. This was particularly the case for nectarivores where, in hot and dry conditions, the proportion of drinking individuals increased significantly as their abundance also increased in the waterhole habitat. We predicted that subordinate species would alter their activity periods to avoid competitive interactions with meliphagids (honeyeaters), however, we found there was a high degree of temporal overlap between all families sampled across all seasons. These results suggest subordinate species are unlikely to be excluded from long‐lasting waterholes by potentially aggressive species, such as honeyeaters. However, some species may face trade‐offs between foraging and accessing waterholes to stay hydrated as they shift their activity to avoid the hottest parts of the day during the summer months. Under global warming, extended hot and dry periods will likely create conditions where balancing energy and hydration requirements becomes increasingly difficult and results in the loss of body condition.
Ecological dynamic regimes: Identification, characterization, and comparison
Authors: Sánchez‐Pinillos Martina , Kéfi Sonia , De Cáceres Miquel , Dakos Vasilis 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding ecological dynamics has been a central topic in ecology since its origins. Yet, identifying dynamic regimes remains a research frontier for modern ecology. The concept of ecological dynamic regime (EDR) emerged to emphasize the dynamic property of steady states in nature and refers to the fluctuations of ecosystems around some trend or average. Identifying and characterizing EDRs is of utmost importance in the current context of global change since they form the reference against which post‐disturbance dynamics must be compared to assess ecological resilience. However, the implementation of EDRs in empirical science is still challenging given the high dimensionality and stochasticity of ecological data and the large volume of data required to distinguish stochastic dynamics from general and predictable dynamics. The era of big data and the recent advances in quantitative ecology and data science offer an opportunity to study dynamic regimes using empirical approaches from a new perspective. This paper presents a novel methodological framework to describe EDRs from a set of ecological trajectories defined by the temporal changes of state variables in a multidimensional state space. In our framework, we formally define EDRs and include analytical tools to identify, characterize, and compare EDRs based on their geometric characteristics. More specifically, we propose different ways to identify EDRs from empirical data, develop a new algorithm to identify representative trajectories summarizing the main dynamic patterns, propose a set of metrics to describe the internal distribution of ecological trajectories, and define a dissimilarity index to compare two or more dynamic regimes based on their shape and position in the state space. We used artificial data to illustrate the different elements of our framework and applied our analyses to real data, using permanent sampling plots of Canadian boreal forests as an example. Overall, our framework contributes to filling the gap between theoretical and empirical ecology by providing robust analytical tools to assess ecological resilience and study ecosystem dynamics from a multidimensional perspective and considering the variability of natural systems.
Protocell Communication through the Eyes of Synthetic Organic Chemists
Authors: Rebasa‐Vallverdu Aina , Valente Stefano , Galanti Agostino , Sbacchi Maria , Vicentini Francesco , Morbiato Laura , Rosetti Beatrice , Gobbo Pierangelo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe bottom‐up fabrication of synthetic cells (protocells) from molecules and materials, is a major challenge of modern chemistry. A significant breakthrough has been the engineering of protocells capable of chemical communication using bio‐derived molecules and ex situ stabilised cell machineries. These, however, suffer from short shelf‐lives, high costs, and require mild aqueous conditions. In this Concept Article we analyse the chemistry at the heart of protocell communication to highlight new opportunities for synthetic chemists in protocell engineering. Specifically, we (i) categorise the main bio‐derived chemical communication machineries in enzyme cascades, DNA strand displacement, and gene‐mediated communication; (ii) review the chemistries of these signal transduction machineries; and (iii) introduce new types of bio‐inspired, fully synthetic artificial enzymes to replace their natural counterparts. Developing protocells that incorporate synthetic analogues of bio‐derived signal transduction machineries will improve the robustness, stability, and versatility of protocells, and broaden their applications to highly strategic fields such as photocatalysis and fine chemicals production.
A two‐dimensional multimaterial ALE method for compressible flows using coupled volume of fluid and level set interface reconstruction
Authors: Cheng Jian , Zhang Fan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, we present a two‐dimensional multimaterial arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method for simulating compressible flows in which a novel coupled volume of fluid and level set interface reconstruction (VOSET) method is developed for interface capturing. The VOSET method combines the merits of both the volume of fluid method and the level set method by using a geometrical iterative operation. Compared to the original VOSET method, the novel VOSET method proposed in this work further improves the accuracy and fidelity in interface reconstruction procedure, especially in under‐resolved regions. Several typical two‐dimensional numerical experiments are presented to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed VOSET method and its performance when coupling with the multimaterial ALE solver. Numerical results demonstrate its good capability in capturing material interfaces during the simulation of compressible two‐material flows.
Numerical microstructural optimization for the hydrogen electrode of solid oxide cells
Authors: Prioux Manon , Da Rosa Silva Eduardo , Hubert Maxime , Vulliet Julien , Debayle Johan , Cloetens Peter , Laurencin Jérôme 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA multiscale model has been used to optimize the microstructure of a classical hydrogen electrode made of nickel and yttria‐stabilized zirconia (Ni‐8YSZ). For this purpose, a 3D reconstruction of a reference electrode has been obtained by X‐ray nano‐holotomography. Then, a large dataset of synthetic microstructures has been generated around this reference with the truncated Gaussian random field method, varying the ratio Ni/8YSZ and the Ni particle size. All the synthetic microstructures have been introduced in a multiscale modeling approach to analyze the impact of the microstructure on the electrode and cell responses. The local electrode polarization resistance in the hydrogen electrode, as well as the complete cell impedance spectra, have been computed for the different microstructures. A significant performance improvement was found when decreasing the Ni particle size distribution. Moreover, an optimum has been identified in terms of electrode composition allowing the minimization of the cell polarization resistance. The same methodology has been also applied to assess the relevance of graded electrodes. All these results allow a better understanding of the precise role of microstructure on cell performances and provide useful guidance for cell manufacturing.
A database of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions from the Tarim, West Kunlun, Pamir, Tajik and Tianshuihai terranes
Authors: Zhang Shijie , Hu Xiumian , Zhang Jinrong , Li Qing , Xu Yiwei , Yu Yuyang , Han Liqin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the development of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope analysis as conventional sedimentological research methods, a large number of studies have been conducted in the Tarim, West Kunlun, Tajik, Pamir and Tianshuihai regions and abundant data have been accumulated. Summarizing these data to characterize sedimentary units and source regions is more important than local studies of specific geological epochs; therefore, we compiled a database of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope analyses from the Tarim, West Kunlun, Pamir, Tajik and Tianshuihai terranes. The database contains data from 90 papers, including 35,281 individual U–Pb ages and 4,181 Hf isotope analyses. The database records the literature source, petrologic sample information, regional geological information, geographic coordinates and analytical parameters for each data point in as much detail as possible to allow readers to review, process, analyse and use the data. The database relies on the Deep‐time Digital Earth (DDE) platform and uses an open database update system to enable sharing and collaborative building. We encourage other researchers to contribute relevant published data to facilitate wider use.
Nutrient release in drainage discharge from organic soils under two different agricultural water management systems
Authors: Grenon Genevieve , Madramootoo Chandra A. , von Sperber Christian , Ebtehaj Isa , Bonakdari Hossein , Singh Bhesram 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe release of available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from agricultural tile drainage contributes to eutrophication in water bodies. To mitigate the harmful impact of nutrient release, drainage water management (DWM) has been proposed as a beneficial management practice that will limit N and P in tile drainage discharge. This study, conducted in the organic soils of the Holland Marsh, Ontario, assessed the nutrient water quality for 2 years (2015–2016) under DWM systems: controlled drainage (CD) comprising a series of stackable gates to manually control the water table level; and pumped drainage (PD) which uses a submersible pump within a collector well that discharges effluent when activated. The latter is the common method of field drainage in the Holland Marsh, however, there is limited comparable research for either DWM system. The data were separated into growing and fallow seasons as well as winter, spring, and summer seasons for trend analysis (winter: October–February; spring: March–May; summer: June–September). The nitrate (NO3‐N) concentrations, under CD, were found to be on average higher during the winter season (7.64 mg L−1) compared to the growing season (3.76 mg L−1). Furthermore, total N concentrations are positively correlated to discharge (R > 0.55). The average total P concentration increased during the summer period following fertilization; however, there was no correlation between P and drainage discharge throughout the duration of the study. The P concentrations depended more on nutrient inputs, rather than the discharge under CD. The log regression statistical relationship showed significant differences in nutrient levels compared to the mean at both sites, however, greater differences were found under CD. Under PD, the NO3‐N concentrations showed significant seasonal trends between the spring and winter (Pr > t: 0.0061) and summer (Pr > t: <0.0001). Overall, both CD and PD can reduce the amount of tile drain discharge, but the concentrations of N and P are not significantly reduced.