bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes Associated With Intensive Care and Organ Support Among Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Leazer Sahar , Collen Jacob , Alcover Karl , Tompkins Erin , Ambardar Shiva , Allard Rhonda J , Foster Brian , McNutt Ryan , Leon Matthew , Haynes Zachary , Bascome Makala , Williams Matthias , Bunin Jessica , O’Malley Patrick G , Moores Lisa K , Chung Kevin K 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundAccurate accounting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) critical care outcomes has important implications for health care delivery.Research QuestionWe aimed to determine critical care and organ support outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) COVID-19 patients and whether they varied depending on the completeness of study follow-up or admission time period.Study Design and MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of reports describing ICU, mechanical ventilation (MV), renal replacement therapy (RRT), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) mortality. A search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases.We included English language observational studies of COVID-19 patients, reporting ICU admission, MV, and ICU case fatality, published from December 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. We excluded reports of less than 5 ICU patients and pediatric populations. Study characteristics, patient demographics, and outcomes were extracted from each article. Subgroup meta-analyses were performed based on the admission end date and the completeness of data.ResultsOf 6,778 generated articles, 145 were retained for inclusion (n = 60,357 patients). Case fatality rates across all studies were 34.0% (95% CI = 30.7%, 37.5%, P &lt; 0.001) for ICU deaths, 47.9% (95% CI = 41.6%, 54.2%, P &lt; 0.001) for MV deaths, 58.7% (95% CI = 50.0%, 67.2%, P &lt; 0.001) for RRT deaths, and 43.3% (95% CI = 31.4%, 55.4%, P &lt; 0.001) for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation deaths. There was no statistically significant difference in ICU and organ support outcomes between studies with complete follow-up versus studies without complete follow-up. Case fatality rates for ICU, MV, and RRT deaths were significantly higher in studies with patients admitted before April 31st 2020.InterpretationCoronavirus disease 2019 critical care outcomes have significantly improved since the start of the pandemic. Intensive care unit outcomes should be evaluated contextually (study quality, data completeness, and time) for the most accurate reporting and to effectively guide mortality predictions.
A new method to synthesize multiple gRNA libraries and functional mapping of mammalian H3K4me3 regions
Authors: Pan Chen , Li Ran , Shui Liyan , Xiao Zhengyun , Wang Yali , Zhu Jing , Wu Chao , Zhang Long , Jia Junling , Zheng Min 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Genetic screening based on the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat (CRISPR) system has been indicated to be a powerful tool for identifying regulatory genes or cis-elements. However, when applying CRISPR screens to pinpoint functional elements at particular loci, a large number of guide RNA (gRNA) spacers may be required to achieve saturated coverage. Here, we present a controlled template-dependent elongation (CTDE) method relying on reversible terminators to synthesize gRNA libraries with genomic regions of interest. By applying this approach to H3K4me3 chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-derived DNA of mammalian cells, mega-sized gRNA libraries were synthesized in a tissue-specific manner, with which we conducted screening experiments to annotate essential sites for cell proliferation. Additionally, we confirmed that an essential site within the intron of LINC00339 regulates its own mRNA and that LINC00339 is a novel regulator of the cell cycle that maintains HepG2 proliferation. The CTDE method has the potential to be automated with high efficiency at low cost, and will be widely used to identify functional elements in mammalian genomes.
Kristallnacht: The November Pogrom 1938 in Nazi Germany
Authors: Gruner Wolf 
Published: March 2023

The notorious pogrom of 9–10 November 1938, also known as “Kristallnacht,” or Crystal Night, was launched by the Nazi leadership to drive the majority of German Jews out of the country before the start of a war. This happened after other options, such as the mass expulsion of Polish Jews two weeks earlier, had mostly failed. Using the assassination of a German diplomat in Paris by a young Polish Jew as a pretext, Hitler and Goebbels unleashed an unprecedented orchestrated wave of violence against Jews in Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland. The Schutzstaffel (SS), Sturmabteilung (SA), Hitler Youth, and civilians beat and murdered hundreds of Jewish men and women. They destroyed and plundered countless shops; burned and demolished more than two thousand synagogues and many Jewish community buildings, including orphanages and schools; and invaded and demolished over ten thousand private homes and rental apartments. Countless Jewish men, women, and children were left without shelter, and many committed suicide. Ordnungspolizei (Order Police) and the Gestapo (Secret Police) arrested thirty thousand Jews, overwhelmingly men, during the week after the pogroms, hundreds of whom died during the next weeks from beatings, starvation, and cold during their internment in concentration camps. After the pogrom, with no future in the Third Reich, tens of thousands of Jews left the country, while the Nazi state enacted more centralized radical measures against the remainder of the German Jewish community. This state-sponsored Nazi pogrom has been recognized by scholars as the turning point in anti-Jewish policies toward mass violence and genocide. New and evolving research considers the attacks on Jewish homes and the plundering of Jewish goods. There are also substantial local and regional studies available.
Are Trajectories of Preferred Retirement Ages Associated with Health, Work Ability and Effort–Reward Imbalance at Work? Findings from a 6-Year Swedish Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sousa-Ribeiro Marta , Stengård Johanna , Leineweber Constanze , Bernhard-Oettel Claudia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Preferred retirement age (PRA) is one key dimension when studying retirement decision-making. However, little is known concerning how PRA develops over the late career years. This study used a person-centered approach to longitudinally investigate trajectories of PRA and how they differ in self-rated health, perceived work ability, and effort–reward imbalance (ERI) at baseline levels and over 6 years. The study used data from four waves (2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016) of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health. The sample consisted of 1,510 individuals aged 50–55 in 2010, who answered to the questionnaire for those in paid work (including self-employment) at the baseline and at least one of the following waves. Results from the latent class growth curve modeling show both within- and between-person variability in PRA over the 6-year span. We found four distinct trajectories, which differed both at the baseline levels and in the patterns of change in PRA: “C1: normative, relatively stable PRA” (42% of all participants); “C2: considerably early, increasing PRA” (6% of the participants); “C3: late, relatively stable PRA” (4% of the participants); and “C4: early, increasing PRA” (49% of the participants). Participants revealed a clear preference for retirement before the age of 65. Trajectories comprising earlier PRA showed poorer self-rated health, poorer work ability, and higher levels of ERI at the baseline and over time. The findings reinforce the importance of healthy work environments that promote work ability and facilitate a balance between efforts and rewards for encouraging longer working lives.
Effect of a Podiatric Health Education Intervention on the Level of Self-care in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Reina-Bueno María , González-López José Rafael , de los Ángeles Núñez-Baila María , del Carmen Vázquez-Bautista María , Munuera-Martínez Pedro V. , Palomo-Toucedo Inmaculada C. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To test the effect of a podiatric health education activity on foot self-care and the degree of foot-related disability in a group of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the province of Seville. A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used.

METHODS
Twenty-nine people with DM participated. The intervention was a podiatric health education activity consisting of a 1-hour informative talk. Foot pain-related disability was measured using the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index. The degree of foot self-care was measured with the University of Malaga Foot Self-care questionnaire.

RESULTS
One month after the intervention, both parameters had improved significantly. The mean score on the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index increased from 59.96 (SD, 8.69) at baseline to 67.39 (SD, 6.99) at 1 month, and the mean score on the University of Malaga Foot Self-care questionnaire improved from 11.65 (SD, 20.07) at baseline to 4.52 (SD, 5.47) after 1 month.

CONCLUSIONS
Therapeutic education increases the level of self-care and decreases the degree of foot-related disability in people with DM.
Effect of Yoga Among Women at Risk and With Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema: A Systematic Review
Authors: Levenhagen Kimberly , Davies Claire , Perdomo Marisa , Ryans Kathryn , Gilchrist Laura 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Participation in exercise improves function, restores fitness, and enhances quality of life in survivors of breast cancer. There is robust evidence regarding resistance and aerobic training for women at risk for and with breast cancer–related lymphedema; however, the effect of yoga on impairments and functional outcomes has not been well documented. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the effect of yoga on arm volume, strength, range of motion, function, and quality of life among women at risk for and with breast cancer–related lymphedema and create evidence-based recommendations.

Methods:
This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (Prospero registration number: 42022311574). EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from January 2010 through December 2021. Quality and bias of included studies were assessed using the American Physical Therapy Association's Critical Appraisal Tool for Experimental Intervention Studies.

Results:
A total of 132 articles were screened for eligibility and 9 studies met inclusion criteria. Based on 3 acceptable and 6 low-quality studies, this review found that participation in yoga demonstrated a positive effect on arm range of motion, strength, function, and quality of life among women at risk for and with breast cancer–related lymphedema. No safety issues, including new onset or exacerbation of lymphedema, were found in the reviewed studies.

Conclusion:
Integration of yoga into a therapeutic plan of care is supported. Variations in yoga type, mode, duration, and frequency currently make it challenging to generate specific guidelines. Adherence and an ongoing commitment to yoga practice may promote long-term effects.
Comparison of Surgical Outcomes of Anterior and Posterior Fusion Surgeries for K-line (−) Cervical Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Nagoshi Narihito , Yoshii Toshitaka , Egawa Satoru , Sakai Kenichiro , Kusano Kazuo , Tsutsui Shunji , Hirai Takashi , Matsukura Yu , Wada Kanichiro , Katsumi Keiichi , Koda Masao , Kimura Atsushi , Furuya Takeo , Sato Yasunori , Maki Satoshi , Nishida Norihiro , Nagamoto Yukitaka , Oshima Yasushi , Ando Kei , Nakashima Hiroaki , Takahata Masahiko , Mori Kanji , Nakajima Hideaki , Murata Kazuma , Miyagi Masayuki , Kaito Takashi , Yamada Kei , Banno Tomohiro , Kato Satoshi , Ohba Tetsuro , Moridaira Hiroshi , Fujibayashi Shunsuke , Katoh Hiroyuki , Kanno Haruo , Watanabe Kota , Taneichi Hiroshi , Imagama Shiro , Kawaguchi Yoshiharu , Takeshita Katsushi , Nakamura Masaya , Matsumoto Morio , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: March 2023

Study Design.
A prospective multicenter study.

Objective.
To compare the surgical outcomes of anterior and posterior fusion surgeries in patients with K-line (−) cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Summary of Background Data.
Although laminoplasty is effective for patients with K-line (+) OPLL, fusion surgery is recommended for those with K-line (−) OPLL. However, whether the anterior or posterior approach is preferable for this pathology has not been effectively determined.

Methods.
A total of 478 patients with myelopathy due to cervical OPLL from 28 institutions were prospectively registered from 2014 to 2017 and followed up for 2 years. Of the 478 patients, 45 and 46 with K-line (−) underwent anterior and posterior fusion surgeries, respectively. After adjusting for confounders in baseline characteristics using a propensity score-matched analysis, 54 patients in both the anterior and posterior groups (27 patients each) were evaluated. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the cervical Japanese Orthopaedic Association and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire.

Results.
Both approaches showed comparable neurological and functional recovery. The cervical range of motion was significantly restricted in the posterior group because of the large number of fused vertebrae compared with the anterior group. The incidence of surgical complications was comparable between the cohorts, but the posterior group demonstrated a higher frequency of segmental motor paralysis, whereas the anterior group more frequently reported postoperative dysphagia.

Conclusion.
Clinical improvement was comparable between anterior and posterior fusion surgeries for patients with K-line (−) OPLL. The ideal surgical approach should be informed based on the balance between the surgeon’s technical preference and the risk of complications.
COVID-19 and the Genetics of Inflammation
Authors: Choudhri Yasmeen , Maslove David M. , Rauh Michael J. 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
Interindividual variability in the clinical progression of COVID-19 may be explained by host genetics. Emerging literature supports a potential inherited predisposition to severe forms of COVID-19. Demographic and inflammatory characteristics of COVID-19 suggest that acquired hematologic mutations leading to clonal hematopoiesis (CH) may further increase vulnerability to adverse sequelae. This review summarizes the available literature examining genetic predispositions to severe COVID-19 and describes how these findings could eventually be used to improve its clinical management.

DATA SOURCES:
A PubMed literature search was performed.

STUDY SELECTION:
Studies examining the significance of inherited genetic variation or acquired CH mutations in severe COVID-19 were selected for inclusion.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Relevant genetic association data and aspects of study design were qualitatively assessed and narratively synthesized.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Genetic variants affecting inflammatory responses may increase susceptibility to severe COVID-19. Genome-wide association studies and candidate gene approaches have identified a list of inherited mutations, which likely alter cytokine and interferon secretion, and lung-specific mechanisms of immunity in COVID-19. The potential role of CH in COVID-19 is more uncertain at present; however, the available evidence suggests that the various types of acquired mutations and their differential influence on immune cell function must be carefully considered.

CONCLUSIONS:
The current literature supports the hypothesis that host genetic factors affect vulnerability to severe COVID-19. Further research is required to confirm the full scope of relevant variants and the causal mechanisms underlying these associations. Clinical approaches, which consider the genetic basis of interindividual variability in COVID-19 and potentially other causes of critical illness, could optimize hospital resource allocation, predict responsiveness to treatment, identify more efficacious drug targets, and ultimately improve outcomes.
Intraoperative body temperature and emergence delirium in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery: a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study
Authors: Wang Guojun , He Shuting , Yu Mengyao , Zhang Yan , Mu Dongliang , Wang Dongxin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
Emergence delirium (ED) is a kind of delirium that occured in the immediate post-anesthesia period. Lower body temperature on post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) admission was an independent risk factor of ED. The present study was designed to investigate the association between intraoperative body temperature and ED in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.

Methods:
This study was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study. Taking baseline body temperature as a reference, intraoperative absolute and relative temperature changes were calculated. The relative change was defined as the amplitude between intraoperative lowest/highest temperature and baseline reference. ED was assessed with the confusion assessment method for intensive care unit at 10 and 30 min after PACU admission and before PACU discharge.

Results:
A total of 874 patients were analyzed with a mean age of 71.8 ± 5.3 years. The incidence of ED was 38.4% (336/874). When taking 36.0°C, 35.5°C, and 35.0°C as thresholds, the incidences of absolute hypothermia were 76.7% (670/874), 38.4% (336/874), and 17.5% (153/874), respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, absolute hypothermia (lowest value <35.5°C) and its cumulative duration were respectively associated with an increased risk of ED after adjusting for confounders including age, education, preoperative mild cognitive impairment, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, duration of surgery, site of surgery, and pain intensity. Relative hypothermia (decrement >1.0°C from baseline) and its cumulative duration were also associated with an increased risk of ED, respectively. When taking the relative increment >0.5°C as a threshold, the incidence of relative hyperthermia was 21.7% (190/874) and it was associated with a decreased risk of ED after adjusting above confounders.

Conclusions:
In the present study, we found that intraoperative hypothermia, defined as either absolute or relative hypothermia, was associated with an increased risk of ED in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery. Relative hyperthermia, but not absolute hyperthermia, was associated with a decreased risk of ED.

Registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR-OOC-17012734).
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of tumor heterogeneity and intercellular networks in human urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Jin Xingwei , Wang Qizhang , Luo Fangxiu , Pan Junwei , Lu Tingwei , Zhao Yang , Zhang Xiang , Xiang Enfei , Zhou Chenghua , Huang Baoxing , Lu Guoliang , Chen Peizhan , Shao Yuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
Heterogeneity of tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) is significantly associated with clinical outcomes and treatment responses in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC). Comprehensive profiling of the cellular diversity and interactions between malignant cells and TME may clarify the mechanisms underlying UC progression and guide the development of novel therapies. This study aimed to extend our understanding of intra-tumoral heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive TME in UC and provide basic support for the development of novel UC therapies.

Methods:
Seven patients with UC were included who underwent curative surgery at our hospital between July 2020 and October 2020. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis in seven tumors with six matched adjacent normal tissues and integrated the results with two public scRNA-seq datasets. The functional properties and intercellular interactions between single cells were characterized, and the results were validated using multiplex immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, and bulk transcriptomic datasets. All statistical analyses were performed using the R package with two-sided tests. Wilcoxon-rank test, log-rank test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used properly.

Results:
Unsupervised t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding clustering analysis identified ten main cellular subclusters in urothelial tissues. Of them, seven urothelial subtypes were noted, and malignant urothelial cells were characterized with enhanced cellular proliferation and reduced immunogenicity. CD8+ T cell subclusters exhibited enhanced cellular cytotoxicity activities along with increased exhaustion signature in UC tissues, and the recruitment of CD4+ T regulatory cells was also increased in tumor tissues. Regarding myeloid cells, coordinated reprogramming of infiltrated neutrophils, M2-type polarized macrophages, and LAMP3+ dendritic cells contribute to immunosuppressive TME in UC tissues. Tumor tissues demonstrated enhanced angiogenesis mediated by KDR+ endothelial cells and RGS5+/ACTA2+ pericytes. Through deconvolution analysis, we identified multiple cellular subtypes may influence the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy response in patients with UC.

Conclusions:
Our scRNA-seq analysis clarified intra-tumoral heterogeneity and delineated the pro-tumoral and immunosuppressive microenvironment in UC tissues, which may provide novel therapeutic targets.
Apocrine Papillary Hidrocystoma With Mucinous Metaplasia (Goblet Cell Type): A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Epperson Jonathan , Bergfeld Wilma 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mucinous metaplasia (goblet cell type) is exceptionally rare in the skin. This is the second case of apocrine papillary hidrocystoma with mucinous metaplasia (goblet cell type) and a review of the literature exploring the significance and frequency of mucinous metaplasia with goblet cells in nongenital skin. The patient is an elderly man who presented with a blue-pigmented nodule on the scalp that was clinically suggestive of an atypical nevus. Histologically, the lesion was composed of a simple cyst of cuboidal cells with decapitation secretion and mucinous metaplasia with goblet cells. Papillary formation was identified in the cysts. Most cases of cutaneous mucinous metaplasia have been reported on genital skin, usually after chronic inflammation of the area. This type of mucinous metaplasia is categorized as benign mucinous metaplasia of the genitalia (BMM) and is believed to be unrelated to apocrine glands owing to the different histologic features and absence of apocrine differentiation by immunohistochemistry. Mucinous metaplasia (goblet cell type) has been previously reported in benign adnexal tumors (eccrine acrospiroma/hidroadenoma, mixed tumor, and syringocystadenoma papilliferum) and in malignant tumors (apocrine hidradenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma). To date, mucinous metaplasia has not been identified in the histologically normal apocrine glands.