bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic study on design and development of optical communication image encryption techniques
Authors: Malsaria Anshika , Vyas Pankaj , Kaur Manjit 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Optical encryption techniques in over the last 10 years have become more important in the area of optical information processing. Several applications, including online payments, medical or biometric image storage or transmission, private military applications, police identification techniques, online banking platforms, governmental services, identity (ID) cards, etc., are only a few examples. Require special and reliable security in the transmission and storage of images. Since digital picture information may be readily accessed by hackers via transmission over the Internet or other communication channels, the issue of photos with unlawful usage is becoming more and more severe. A more effective and secure means of communicating images may be offered via optical encryption. The encryption mechanism and keys are needed at the receiver side in order to decrypt the original optical data. Picture security becomes a highly important subject in communication science as a result of network growth and rising need for image transmission. There are several security issues with picture data, including forgery detection and illegal access. The most straightforward method of picture protection is to encrypt it as text. The traditional text encryption algorithms are inappropriate for picture encryption because of the high correlation present in image data. Over the last two decades, a number of optical approaches have been proposed for photo encryption, with the specific advantage of processing two-dimensional (2D) image data in parallel conduction mode. Therefore, we are doing an extensive investigation on optical image encryption in this work.
Using social media as a source of analysable material in phonetics and phonology – lenition in Spanish
Authors: Broś Karolina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that alternative methods of data collection are necessary to continue working in certain fields of linguistics. This is a challenge for (socio)phoneticians and phonologists who have to rely on good quality sound but cannot do fieldwork or gather recordings in a traditional manner. In this paper, I show that audio recordings made via social media can help alleviate this problem. To this end, I compared samples from five speakers of dialectal Spanish recorded in a laboratory setting and via a social media application (WhatsApp). The analysis of temporal and spectral characteristics of consonants in postvocalic position shows that recordings made via social media can be successfully used for at least some types of sociophonetic analysis. They also provide some additional advantages for researchers: ease of data collection, potentially large speech corpora, and access to authentic, naturalistic speech which is uninhibited by laboratory conditions or the presence of a researcher and a professional recording device.
AG1024, an IGF-1 receptor inhibitor, ameliorates renal injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy via the SOCS/JAK2/STAT pathway
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Zhang Yun , Liu Min , Shi Feng , Cheng Bo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Insulin-like-growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is the ligand for insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), and the roles of IGF-1/IGF-1R in diabetic nephropathy (DN) are well-characterized previously. However, the biological functions of AG1024 (an IGF-1R inhibitor) in DN remain unknown. This study investigates the roles and related mechanisms of AG-1024 in DN. The experimental DN was established via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with AG1024 (20 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. The 24 h proteinuria, blood glucose level, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were measured for biochemical analyses. The increase in 24 h proteinuria, blood glucose level, serum creatinine, and blood urea of DN rats were conspicuously abated by AG1024. After biochemical analyses, the renal tissue specimens were collected, and as revealed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining, AG-1024 mitigated typical renal damage and interstitial fibrosis in DN rats. Then, the anti-inflammatory effect of AG-1024 was assessed by western blotting and ELISA. Mechanistically, AG-1024 upregulated SOCS1 and SOCS3 expression and decreased phosphorylated JAK2, STAT1, and STAT3, as shown by western blotting. Collectively, AG-1024 (an IGF-1R inhibitor) ameliorates renal injury in experimental DN by attenuating renal inflammation and fibrosis via the SOCS/JAK2/STAT pathway.
4-(2′-Phenylethynylphenyl)phenyl glycosides as glycosylation donors
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Ziqiang , Gulzar Tayyab , Zhang Xiaodong , Ding Guoping , Xu Peng , Yu Biao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We have disclosed that 3,5-dimethyl-4-(2′-phenylethynylphenyl)phenyl (EPP) glycosides could be employed as glycosylation donors via an unprecedented activation mechanism. Here we report that the EPP glycosides without the 3,5-dimethyl groups, which were previously installed to prevent the plausible Friedel-Crafts-type side reactions, can also undergo glycosylation effectively. Employing such an EPP 2-azidoglucoside as donor, the construction of the challenging α-GlcN-(1→4)-GlcA linkage is realized, leading to a heparin trisaccharides precursor.
Bis-periazulene: remaining non-alternant isomer of pyrene
Authors: Konishi Akihito , Horii Koki , Hirose Michiyoshi , Yasuda Makoto 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Bis-periazulene (cyclohepta[def]fluorene) is one of the seven possible non-alternant isomers of pyrene. Different from the other isomers, bis-periazulene had remained an uncharacterized hydrocarbon until 2022, since it was first reported in 1955. This paper documents our recent achievements in synthesizing and characterizing bis-periazulene derivatives. Its triaryl derivatives 5c‒e exhibited the superimposed electronic structures of peripheral, polarized, and open-shell π-conjugated systems. Furthermore, in contrast to previous theoretical predictions, bis-periazulene derivatives showed the singlet ground state.
Cellular and molecular effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields
Authors: Lai Henry , Levitt B. Blake 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The way that living cells respond to non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (EMF), including static/extremely-low frequency and radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, fits the pattern of ‘cellular stress response’ – a mechanism manifest at the cellular level intended to preserve the entire organism. It is a set pattern of cellular and molecular responses to environmental stressors, such as heat, ionizing radiation, oxidation, etc. It is triggered by cellular macromolecular damage (in proteins, lipids, and DNA) with the goal of repairing and returning cell functions to homeostasis. The pattern is independent of the type of stressor encountered. It involves cell cycle arrest, induction of specific molecular mechanisms for repair, damage removal, cell proliferation, and cell death if damage is too great. This response could be triggered by EMF-induced alternation in oxidative processes in cells. The concept that biological response to EMF is a ‘cellular stress response’ explains many observed effects of EMF, such as nonlinear dose- and time-dependency, increased and decreased risks of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, enhanced nerve regeneration, and bone healing. These responses could be either detrimental or beneficial to health, depending on the duration and intensity of the exposure, as well as specific aspects of the living organism being exposed. A corollary to electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome (EHS) could be an inappropriate response of the hippocampus/limbic system to EMF, involving glucocorticoids on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
EU-Mercosur Free Trade Agreement: Exploring the Impact on E-Commerce
Authors: Gomez-Herrera Estrella , Duch-Brown Nestor , Latorre María C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Recent technological changes have altered the way in which interactions take place between economic agents. One of the main advances is the possibility to broadly disseminate information at very low cost. E-commerce is a significant part of this change, becoming increasingly important within the EU. In this paper we analyze the impact of the recent trade agreement reached between EU and Mercosur countries on e-commerce flows. We take advantage of the political agreement announced on June 28, 2019 as a source for identification. We use data from SimilarWeb, a digital market intelligence company that provides information on worldwide Internet traffic. Our results show that the announcement of the Agreement has had a positive impact on Internet traffic between EU and Mercosur countries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical exercise to analyze the impact of this and other Agreements on e-commerce.
Strömungscharakterisierung im Arbeitsspalt beim magnetfeldüberlagerten elektrochemischen Abtragen
Authors: Luther Fabian , Schaarschmidt Ingo , Schubert Andreas , Richter Markus 
Published: April 2023

Kurzfassung
Elektrochemisches Abtragen weist ein großes Potential auf, den steigenden Bauteilanforderungen hinsichtlich Komplexität und Effizienz und den damit verbundenen Herausforderungen an die genutzten Fertigungsverfahren gerecht zu werden. Aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten zeigen, dass die Überlagerung der Bearbeitungszone mit einem Magnetfeld einen positiven Einfluss auf den Abtragprozess haben kann und so bestehende Verfahrensgrenzen erweitert werden können. Um ein tieferes Verständnis über die zugrundeliegenden Wirkmechanismen hinter dieser bisher eher weniger betrachteten Einflussgröße zu erhalten, sollen die Auswirkungen der Magnetfeldüberlagerung auf die vorherrschenden Prozesse beim elektrochemischen Abtragen, auf verschiedenen Längenskalen untersucht werden. Dazu wurden in dieser Arbeit optische Untersuchungen mittels stereo Particle Image Velocimetry in einer auf die Millimeter-Größenordnung hochskalierten Analysezelle durchgeführt, um die resultierende Elektrolytströmung zu charakterisieren. Diese Zelle erlaubt in situ Messungen direkt im Arbeitsspalt zwischen Kathode (Werkzeug) und Anode (Werkstück) bei laufender Bearbeitung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden dabei erste Untersuchungen mit parallel zueinander ausgerichteten planen Elektroden durchgeführt. Es wurde ein signifikanter Einfluss der elektromagnetischen Felder auf die auftretenden mittleren Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten und die zugrundeliegenden Geschwindigkeitsfelder nachgewiesen. Hierbei ist vor allem die Ausbildung einer starken Wirbelströmungsstruktur innerhalb des Arbeitsspaltes hervorzuheben. Diese Struktur kann im Wesentlichen auf die wirkende Lorentzkraft zurückgeführt werden. In anschließenden Arbeiten sind Folgemessungen mit Parametervariationen und verschiedenen Elektrodengeometrien auf unterschiedlichen Längenskalen geplant, um den Einfluss der einzelnen Prozessgrößen auf das elektrochemische Abtragen bestmöglich zu untersuchen. Diese experimentellen Ergebnisse werden dann zur Validierung zukünftiger magnetohydrodynamischer Simulationsmodelle verwendet. Diese sollen perspektivisch als Schnittstelle zwischen der Mikro- und Millimeter-Größenordnung dienen, da mit abnehmendem Arbeitsspalt die optische Zugänglichkeit zur experimentelle Strömungscharakterisierung zunehmend eingeschränkt wird.
The mitochondrial ATP synthase as an ATP consumer—a surprising therapeutic target
Authors: Valdebenito Gabriel E , Chacko Anitta R , Duchen Michael R 
Published: April 2023

The mitochondrial F1Fo‐ATP synthase uses a rotary mechanism to synthesise ATP. This mechanism can, however, also operate in reverse, pumping protons at the expense of ATP, with significant potential implications for mitochondrial and age‐related diseases. In a recent study, Acin‐Perez et al (2023) use an elegant assay to screen compounds for the capacity to selectively inhibit ATP hydrolysis without affecting ATP synthesis. They show that (+)‐epicatechin is one such compound and has significant benefits for cell and tissue function in disease models. These findings signpost a novel therapeutic approach for mitochondrial disease.
TSH ≥30 mU/L may not be necessary for successful 131I remnant ablation in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Ju Nianting , Hou Liying , Song Hongjun , Qiu Zhongling , Wang Yang , Sun Zhenkui , Luo Quanyong , Shen Chentian 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
To determine whether thyroid-stimulating hormone level ≥ 30 mU/L is necessary for radioiodine (131I) remnant ablation (RRA) in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), as well as its influencing factors and predictors.

Methods
A total of 487 DTC patients were retrospectively enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups (TSH < 30 and ≥ 30 mU/L) and further divided into eight subgroups (0–<30, 30–<40, 40–<50, 50–<60, 60–<70, 70–<80, 80–<90, and 90–<100 mU/L). The simultaneous serum lipid level, successful rate of RRA and its influencing factors in different groups were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curves derived from pre-ablative thyroglobulin (pre-Tg) and pre-Tg/TSH ratio were compared for RRA success prediction performance.

Results
There was no statistical difference in success rates of RRA between the two groups (P = 0.247) and eight subgroups (P = 0.685). Levels of total cholesterol (P < 0.001), triglyceride (P = 0.006), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.024), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.001), apolipoprotein B (P < 0.001), and apolipoprotein E (P = 0.002) were significantly higher while apoA/apoB ratio (P = 0.024) was significantly lower at TSH ≥ 30 mU/L group. Pre-Tg level, gender, and N stage were influencing factors for RRA. The area under the curve of pre-Tg level and pre-Tg/TSH ratio was 0.7611 (P < 0.0001) and 0.7340 (P < 0.0001) for all enrolled patients and 0.7310 (P = 0.0145) and 0.6524 (P = 0.1068) for TSH < 30 mU/L, respectively.

Conclusion
TSH ≥ 30 mU/L may not be necessary for the success of RRA. Patients with higher serum TSH levels prior to RRA will suffer from severer hyperlipidemia. Pre-Tg level could be used as a predictor for the success of RRA, especially when TSH < 30 mU/L.
The effect of in situ irradiation on the superconducting performance of REBa2Cu3O7−δ-coated conductors
Authors: Iliffe Will , Adams Kirk , Peng Nianhua , Brittles Greg , Bateman Rod , Reilly Aidan , Grovenor Chris , Speller Susannah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Commercial fusion power plants will require strong magnetic fields that can only be achieved using state-of-the-art high-temperature superconductors in the form of REBa2Cu3O7−δ-coated conductors. In operation in a fusion machine, the magnet windings will be exposed to fast neutrons that are known to adversely affect the superconducting properties of REBa2Cu3O7−δ compounds. However, very little is known about how these materials will perform when they are irradiated at cryogenic temperatures. Here, we use a bespoke in situ test rig to show that helium ion irradiation produces a similar degradation in properties regardless of temperature, but room-temperature annealing leads to substantial recovery in the properties of cold-irradiated samples. We also report the first attempt at measuring the superconducting properties while the ion beam is incident on the sample, showing that the current that the superconductor can sustain is reduced by a factor of three when the beam is on.

Impact statement
REBa2Cu3O7−δ high-temperature superconductors are an enabling technology for plasma confinement magnets in compact commercial fusion power plants, owing to their ability to carry very high current densities when processed as quasi-single crystals in the form of coated conductors. In service in a fusion device, the magnet windings will be exposed to a flux of fast neutrons that will induce structural damage that will adversely affect the superconducting performance, but very little data are currently available on the effect of irradiation at the cryogenic temperatures relevant for superconducting magnets. Moreover, even room-temperature annealing substantially affects superconducting properties after irradiation, so to obtain key technical data for fusion magnet designers, it is important to measure these properties in situ, under irradiation. This work shows that for the first time, it is important to consider how energetic particles directly influence superconductivity during irradiation because we observe a reduction in zero-resistance current by a factor of as much as three when an ion beam is incident on the sample. Although neutrons will not interact with the material in the same way as charged ions, primary knock-on ions from neutron damage are expected to have a similar effect to the He+ ions used in our study.

Graphical abstract
Thrombopoietin-Dependent Myelo-Megakaryopoiesis Fuels Thromboinflammation and Worsens Antibody-Mediated Chronic Renal Microvascular Injury
Authors: Douté Mélodie , Sannier Aurélie , Even Guillaume , Tran Thi-Thu , Gaston Ahn-Tu , Delbosc Sandrine , Loyau Stéphane , Bruneval Patrick , Witko-Sarsat Véronique , Mouthon Luc , Nicoletti Antonino , Caligiuri Giuseppina , Clement Marc 
Published: April 2023

Significance Statement
Kidney-derived thrombopoietin (TPO) increases myeloid cell and platelet production during antibody-mediated chronic kidney disease (AMCKD) in a mouse model, exacerbating chronic thromobinflammation in microvessels. The effect is mirrored in patients with extracapillary glomerulonephritis associated with thromboinflammation, TGFβ-dependent glomerulosclerosis, and increased bioavailability of TPO. Neutralization of TPO in mice normalized hematopoiesis, reduced chronic thromboinflammation, and ameliorated renal disease. The findings suggest that TPO is a relevant biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for patients with CKD and other chronic thromboinflammatory diseases.
Neutralization of TPO in mice normalized hematopoiesis, reduced chronic thromboinflammation, and ameliorated renal disease. The findings suggest that TPO is a relevant biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for patients with CKD and other chronic thromboinflammatory diseases.

Background
Chronic thromboinflammation provokes microvascular alterations and rarefaction, promoting organ dysfunction in individuals with various life-threatening diseases. Hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) released by the affected organ may sustain emergency hematopoiesis and fuel the thromboinflammatory process.

Methods
Using a murine model of antibody-mediated chronic kidney disease (AMCKD) and pharmacological interventions, we comprehensively monitored the response to injury in the circulating blood, urine, bone marrow, and kidney.

Results
Experimental AMCKD was associated with chronic thromboinflammation and the production of HGFs, especially thrombopoietin (TPO), by the injured kidney, which stimulated and skewed hematopoiesis toward myelo-megakaryopoiesis. AMCKD was characterized by vascular and kidney dysfunction, TGFβ-dependent glomerulosclerosis, and microvascular rarefaction. In humans, extracapillary glomerulonephritis is associated with thromboinflammation, TGFβ-dependent glomerulosclerosis, and increased bioavailability of TPO. Analysis of albumin, HGF, and inflammatory cytokine levels in sera from patients with extracapillary glomerulonephritis allowed us to identify treatment responders. Strikingly, TPO neutralization in the experimental AMCKD model normalized hematopoiesis, reduced chronic thromboinflammation, and ameliorated renal disease.

Conclusion
TPO-skewed hematopoiesis exacerbates chronic thromboinflammation in microvessels and worsens AMCKD. TPO is both a relevant biomarker and a promising therapeutic target in humans with CKD and other chronic thromboinflammatory diseases.
Association of Primary Versus Rotating Nephrologist Model of Care in Hemodialysis Programs with Patient Outcomes
Authors: Yau Kevin , Jeyakumar Nivethika , Kang Yuguang , Dixon Stephanie N. , Freeman Megan , Garg Amit X. , Harel Ziv , Sood Manish M. , Thomas Alison , Wald Ron , Silver Samuel A. 
Published: April 2023

Significance Statement
Nephrologist staffing models for patients receiving hemodialysis vary widely. Patients may be cared for continuously by a single primary nephrologist or by a group of nephrologists on a rotating basis. It remains unclear whether these differing care models influence clinical outcomes. In this population-based cohort study of more than 14,000 incident patients on maintenance hemodialysis from Ontario, Canada, we found no difference in mortality, kidney transplantation, home dialysis initiation, hospitalizations, or emergency department visits when care was provided by a single primary nephrologist or a rotating group of nephrologists. These results suggest that primary nephrologist models do not necessarily improve objective clinical outcomes, providing reassurance to patients, providers, and administrators that both models are acceptable options.
KARAKTERISTIK SARANG BURUNG GOSONG DI SUAKA MARGASATWA PULAU KASA
Authors: R. Kesaulya Edward , Latupapua Lesly , Puttileihalat Maya 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sarang burung gosong pada Kawasan SM. Pulau Kasa. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode survey dan observasi langsung untuk mengetahui karakteristik sarang Analisis data digunakan analisis deskriptif dan disajikan kedalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua jenis burung gosong yang menggunakan kawasan SM Pulau Kasa sebagai tempat bersarang yaitu gosong maluku (Eulipoa wallacei) terdapat 2 sarang dan gosong kelam (Megapodius freycinet) sebanyak 12 sarang aktif dan 4 tidak aktif yang tentunya memiliki perbedaan tipe sarang pada kedua jenis burung gosong tersebut. Karakteristik sarang gosong maluku memiliki diameter 70,5 cm dengan kedalaman 55 cm sedangakan gosong kelam memiliki diameter 9,28 m dengan kedalaman 1,11 m dan beberapa komponen dimensi lainnya. Suhu sarang dan kelembapan pada sarang mencapai 30oC dengan 42% kelembapan. pH tanah menunjukan nilai 6 dengan kondisi asam. Tekstur tanah pada sarang merupakan strutur tanag yang berpasir serta memiliki kandungan organik sebagai penyusun struktur tanah pada sarang burung gosong.
Decreasing Survey Response Rates in the Time of COVID-19: Implications for Analyses of Population Health and Health Inequities
Authors: Krieger Nancy , LeBlanc Merrily , Waterman Pamela D. , Reisner Sari L. , Testa Christian , Chen Jarvis T. 
Published: April 2023

Objectives. To examine whether, and if so how, US national and state survey response rates changed after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. We compared the change in response rates between 2020 and 2019 of 6 (3 social and economic, 3 health focused) major US national surveys (2 with state response rates). Results. All the ongoing surveys except 1 reported relative decreases (∼29%) in response rates. For example, the household response rate to the US Census American Community Survey decreased from 86.0% in 2019 to 71.2% in 2020, and the response rate of the US National Health Interview Survey decreased from 60.0% to 42.7% from the first to the second quarter of 2020. For all surveys, the greatest decreases in response rates occurred among persons with lower income and lower education. Conclusions. Socially patterned decreases in response rates pose serious challenges and must be addressed explicitly in all studies relying on data obtained since the onset of the pandemic. Public Health Implications. Artifactual reduction of estimates of the magnitude of health inequities attributable to differential response rates could adversely affect efforts to reduce these inequities. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(6):667–670. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307267 )