bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Specialization for English and Arabic Print in Early Readers
Authors: Centanni Tracy M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Learning to read requires the specialization of a region in the left fusiform gyrus known as the visual word form area (VWFA). This region, which initially responds to faces and objects, develops specificity for print over a long trajectory of instruction and practice. VWFA neurons may be primed for print because of their pre-literate tuning properties, becoming specialized through top-down feedback mechanisms during learning. However, much of what is known about the VWFA comes from studies of Western orthographies, whose alphabets share common visual characteristics. Far less is known about the development of the VWFA for Arabic, which is a complex orthography and is significantly more difficult to achieve fluency in in reading. In the current study, electroencephalography responses were collected from first grade children in the United Arab Emirates learning to read in both English and Arabic. Children viewed words and false font strings in English and Arabic while performing a vigilance task. The P1 and N1 responses to all stimulus categories were quantified in two occipital and two parietal electrodes as well as the alpha band signal across all four electrodes of interest. Analysis revealed a significantly stronger N1 response to English compared to Arabic and decreased alpha power to Arabic compared to English. These findings suggest a fundamental difference in neural plasticity for these two distinct orthographies, even when instruction is concurrent. Future work is needed to determine whether VWFA specialization for Arabic takes longer than more well-studied orthographies and if differences in reading instruction approaches help accelerate this process.
Transparent Automated Advice to Mitigate the Impact of Variation in Automation Reliability
Authors: Gegoff Isabella , Tatasciore Monica , Bowden Vanessa , McCarley Jason , Loft Shayne 
Published: August 2023

Objective To examine the extent to which increased automation transparency can mitigate the potential negative effects of low and high automation reliability on disuse and misuse of automated advice, and perceived trust in automation. Background Automated decision aids that vary in the reliability of their advice are increasingly used in workplaces. Low-reliability automation can increase disuse of automated advice, while high-reliability automation can increase misuse. These effects could be reduced if the rationale underlying automated advice is made more transparent. Methods Participants selected the optimal UV to complete missions. The Recommender (automated decision aid) assisted participants by providing advice; however, it was not always reliable. Participants determined whether the Recommender provided accurate information and whether to accept or reject advice. The level of automation transparency (medium, high) and reliability (low: 65%, high: 90%) were manipulated between-subjects. Results With high- compared to low-reliability automation, participants made more accurate (correctly accepted advice and identified whether information was accurate/inaccurate) and faster decisions, and reported increased trust in automation. Increased transparency led to more accurate and faster decisions, lower subjective workload, and higher usability ratings. It also eliminated the increased automation disuse associated with low-reliability automation. However, transparency did not mitigate the misuse associated with high-reliability automation. Conclusion Transparency protected against low-reliability automation disuse, but not against the increased misuse potentially associated with the reduced monitoring and verification of high-reliability automation. Application These outcomes can inform the design of transparent automation to improve human-automation teaming under conditions of varied automation reliability.
Patient-reported migraine-specific quality of life, activity impairment and headache impact with once-daily atogepant for preventive treatment of migraine in a randomized, 52-week trial
Authors: Lipton Richard B. , Halker Singh Rashmi B. , Mechtler Laszlo , McVige Jennifer , Ma Julia , Yu Sung Yun , Stokes Jonathan , Dabruzzo Brett , Gandhi Pranav , Ashina Messoud 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAtogepant is an oral, small-molecule, calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist for the preventive treatment of episodic migraine.MethodsIn this 52-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label trial, adults with 4–14 monthly migraine days received atogepant 60 mg once-daily or standard care. Health outcome endpoints collected from participants randomized to atogepant included change from baseline in Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire version 2.1 (MSQ v2.1) Role Function-Restrictive (RFR), Role Function-Preventive (RFP) and Emotional Function (EF) domain scores, change in Activity Impairment in Migraine-Diary (AIM-D) Performance of Daily Activities (PDA) and Physical Impairment (PI) domain scores, and change in Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) total score.ResultsOf 744 randomized participants, 521 received atogepant 60 mg in the modified intent-to-treat population. Least-squares mean changes from baseline in MSQ-RFR score were 30.02 (95% confidence interval = 28.16–31.87) at week 12 and 34.70 (95% confidence interval = 32.74–36.66) at week 52. Improvements were also observed in other MSQ domains, AIM-D PDA, PI and HIT-6 total scores. A ≥5-point improvement from baseline in HIT-6 score was observed in 59.9% of participants at week 4 and 80.8% of participants at week 52.ConclusionOver 52 weeks, atogepant 60 mg once-daily was associated with sustained improvements in quality of life and reductions in activity impairment and headache impact. Trial Registration: NCT03700320
The effect of early conversion from central venous catheter to arteriovenous fistula on hospitalization and mortality in incident haemodialysis patients
Authors: Gan Wenyuan , Zhu Fan , Mao Huihui , Xiao Wei , Chen Wenli , Zeng Xingruo 
Published: August 2023

Background: Controversy remains as to whether initiating haemodialysis (HD) with a central venous catheter (CVC) and vascular access conversion are associated with the risk of morbidity and mortality in incident HD patients. Methods: At our dialysis centre, the vascular access strategy is to create an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) early and use the AVF to initiate HD. In emergency situations, HD is initiated with a CVC and subsequent conversion from a CVC to an AVF as soon as possible. The effects of early AVF conversion on hospitalization and mortality were analysed. Results: At HD initiation, 35.42% used AVF, 15.63% used CVC with immature AVF and 48.96% used CVC, and all patients were able to convert from CVC to AVF within approximately 3 months. Compared to starting HD using an AVF, using a CVC was associated with access-related hospitalizations at 2 years, regardless of whether an AVF was created before (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 3.02, 95% CI 0.89–10.24, p = 0.03) or after (IRR = 4.10, 95% CI 1.55–10.85, p < 0.01) HD initiation. The Kaplan–Meier method showed that the 2-year survival probability was not statistically significant between the three groups (log-rank χ2 = 0.165, p = 0.921). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression showed that starting HD with a CVC was not associated with mortality at 2 years ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: In this cohort, initiating HD with a CVC was associated with more access-related hospitalizations. Under the impact of an early AVF conversion strategy, despite initiating HD with a CVC, subsequent conversion from a CVC to an AVF within approximately 3 months had no impact on all-cause mortality in incident HD patients.
Pancreaticoduodenal Artery Aneurysm Complicated by Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome
Authors: Hamlin Sean , Gallo Stephen R. , Petrochko Jameson , Wilson Jacob , Sheth Sharvil 
Published: August 2023

Purpose To highlight median arcuate ligament syndrome as a potential cause for celiac artery stenosis and pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm, and describe treatment options in this setting. Case Report A 63-year-old male presented with a pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm and concomitant celiac artery stenosis that was treated with celiac artery stenting and aneurysm coiling. He subsequently developed stent fracture and celiac artery occlusion secondary to previously unrecognized median arcuate ligament syndrome causing reperfusion of the aneurysm. This was treated with open median arcuate ligament release and aorta to common hepatic artery bypass with good clinical result and stable 20-month surveillance imaging. Conclusion It is critical to recognize median arcuate ligament syndrome as a cause of celiac artery stenosis in the setting of pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm given the high risk of failure of endovascular stenting. Open aorto-hepatic artery bypass and endovascular aneurysm coiling should be the preferred approach in these patients.
Predictive factors for efficacy and safety of intrathecal infusion devices for oncological pain
Authors: Fernández-Torres Bartolomé , Fontán-Atalaya Isabel M , Peralta-Espinosa Estefanía , Díaz-Rodríguez Diego 
Published: August 2023

Introduction In an important percentage of intrathecal infusion therapy, the pain after implantation of a spinal device does not improve. Our objective is to identify factors that can predict therapeutic success and complications, developing a predictive model based on univariate and multivariate analyses. Methods Retrospective observational study, including 132 patients with oncological pain who were implanted with a fixed-flow device for intrathecal infusion. Four time points were established for data collection and, in addition to demographic and anthropometric data, variables related to oncologic pain pathology, initiation of therapy, pain control and complications were collected. Based on univariate and multivariate analyses, we performed predictive models on efficacy and complications. Results The mean baseline pain intensity was VAS 7.78, and when comparing the values before implantation with those at month 1, we observed an overall decrease of 4.75 points, maintained at months 3 and 6. Nocturnal pain progressively decreased in incidence from 50.0% before implantation to 21.8%, 9.1% and 4.3% at 1, 3 and 6 months. Episodic pain was present in 90.1% of the patients before implantation (7.79 episodes/day), and at 6 months the incidence remained at 53.8%. Most of the patients (66.6%) had no complications related to therapy. We constructed a highly significant multivariate model for the efficacy of the therapy with a predictive capacity of 30.2% and composed of factors: absence of nocturnal pain before implantation and clinical improvement on day 2 after implant. Regarding the prediction of complications, it was not possible to achieve a significantly multivariate effective model. Conclusion We identify two factors that predict therapeutic success in a multivariate model: the absence of nocturnal pain before implantation and the improvement of pain on the second day after implantation.
Feasibility of a smartphone app for prescribed exercise tutoring in patients with stable coronary heart disease
Authors: Xia Kun , Bai Changhao , Ding Rongjing , Kong Yue , Fan Xiaomian , Liu Yefa , Liu Bo , Chen Xi 
Published: August 2023

Background Digital health technologies have potential to address the challenges associated with traditional cardiac rehabilitation (CR). However, it is not complete enough for prescribed exercise guidance and remote monitoring. Objective We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a smartphone app for prescribed exercise tutoring by exercise videos combined with wearable devices to monitor heart rate in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods The study is a quasi-experimental design study with a single group. A total of 31 patients were included with an average age of 56.2 years (SD 13.4). They participated in a 12-week remote digital CR program. We employed a wearable heart rate monitoring device connected with an app to monitor the patients’ exercise intensity. The app can display the videos corresponding to an exercise prescription to guide the exercise. Cardiorespiratory endurance, blood pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol, blood uric acid, left ventricular ejection fraction and quality of life (QoL) were assessed at the beginning and end of the intervention. Compliance and safety events were recorded as well. Results Completion rate reached 90.3%. Average daily effective exercise time was 39.4 min (SD 17.8), and 92.9% of the patients could exercise in the prescribed intensity for at least 20 min per day. Average effective exercise days per week were 4.6 days (SD 2.2), and 67.9% of the patients could exercise in the prescribed intensity for at least 3 days per week. Patients’ peak VO2 ( P = 0.041) and peak metabolic equivalents ( P = 0.018) were significantly increased, low-density lipoprotein ( P = 0.036) and diastolic blood pressure at rest ( P = 0.044) were significantly decreased, and depression (GAD-7, P = 0.014) and anxiety (PHQ-9, P = 0.013) were significantly improved. Conclusions It is feasible, safe, and helpful for stable CHD patients to use the app for prescribed exercise tutoring with videos combined with wearable devices to monitor heart rate. Trial Registration ChiCTR1800019144.
Measuring efficiency of the global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wu Jih-Shong 
Published: August 2023

Objectives The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented loss of life and a severe economic downturn across the globe. Countries have adopted various social distancing and vaccination policies to reduce the spread of the disease and lessen the impact on healthcare systems. The world should work together to confront the disaster and challenge of COVID-19. Methods This study uses stochastic frontier analysis to measure the efficiency and influencing factors of the global response to COVID-19 epidemics and to provide follow-up strategies and reference guidelines. Results The results of this study show that (1) the average efficiency of the global response to COVID-19 is not good, with significant space for improvement of up to 60%; (2) adequate medical supplies and equipment can reduce mortality; (3) the initial implementation of social distancing policies and wearing masks can effectively reduce the infection rate; and (4) as infection rates and vaccination rates increase so that most people have basic immunity to COVID-19, the epidemic will gradually be reduced. Conclusions As the world becomes more aware of the COVID-19 disease, humans will gradually return to normal social interaction and lifestyles. The results of this study are expected to provide a reference for the future direction of the global fight against epidemics and the improvement of public health policies.
Identification of QTL for kernel weight and size and analysis of the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) gene family in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Fang Yuanjin , Liu Hua , Qin Li , Qi Feiyan , Sun Ziqi , Wu Jihua , Dong Wenzhao , Huang Bingyan , Zhang Xinyou 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPeanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop worldwide. Improving its yield is crucial for sustainable peanut production to meet increasing food and industrial requirements. Deciphering the genetic control underlying peanut kernel weight and size, which are essential components of peanut yield, would facilitate high-yield breeding. A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based linkage map was constructed using a recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population derived from a cross between the variety Yuanza9102 and a germplasm accession wt09-0023. Kernel weight and size quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were co-localized to a 0.16 Mb interval on Arahy07 using inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM). Analysis of SNP, and Insertion or Deletion (INDEL) markers in the QTL interval revealed a gene encoding a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) superfamily protein as a candidate closely linked with kernel weight and size in cultivated peanut. Examination of the PPR gene family indicated a high degree of collinearity of PPR genes between A. hypogaea and its diploid progenitors, Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis. The candidate PPR gene, Arahy.JX1V6X, displayed a constitutive expression pattern in developing seeds. These findings lay a foundation for further fine mapping of QTLs related to kernel weight and size, as well as validation of candidate genes in cultivated peanut.
Identification of novel tumor-associated antigens and evaluation of a panel of autoantibodies in detecting oral cancer
Authors: Xie Weihong , Sun Guiying , Xia Junfen , Chen Huili , Wang Chen , Lin Juan , Wang Peng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to identify tumor-associated antigen (TAA) biomarkers through bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification, and to evaluate a panel of autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAbs) for the detection of oral cancer (OC).

Methods
GEO and TCGA databases were used to screen significantly up-regulated genes related to OC, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and Cystoscope software were used to identify key genes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression levels of autoantibodies in 173 OC patients and 173 normal controls, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to build a diagnostic model.

Results
Using bioinformatics, we identified 10 key genes (AURKA, AURKB, CXCL8, CXCL10, COL1A1, FN1, FOXM1, MMP9, SPP1 and UBE2C) that were highly expressed in OC. Three autoantibodies (anti-AURKA, anti-CXCL10, anti-FOXM1) were proven to have diagnostic value for OC in the verification set and the validation set. The combined assessment of these three autoantibodies improved the diagnostic value for OC, with an area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of 0.741(95%CI:0.690–0.793),58.4% and 80.4%, respectively. In addition, the combination of these three autoantibodies also had high diagnostic value for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), with an AUC, sensitivity and specificity of 0.731(95%CI:0.674,0.786), 53.8% and 82.1%, respectively.

Conclusions
Our study revealed that AURKA, CXCL10 and FOXM1 may be potential biomarkers and the panel of three autoantibodies (anti-AURKA, anti-CXCL10 and anti-FOXM1) had good diagnostic value for OC.
Application of virtual reality in dental implants: a systematic review
Authors: Monaghesh Elham , Negahdari Ramin , Samad-Soltani Taha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and objective
A treatment approach that is widely used as a permanent and natural replacement for missing or extracted teeth is dental implants .VR is a computer-generated simulation that creates a three-dimensional (3D) image or environment. Advances in VR -based learning allow learners and students to practice and also help professionals plan a wide variety of surgical procedures, including the correct placement of dental implants. Therefore, in this systematic review, our aim was to investigate and evaluate the available virtual reality tools for dental implants and their effectiveness.

Materials and methods
Studies published up to 01/30/2023 which report the applications of using virtual reality technology in dental implants, were reviewed in three databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. All studies with evidence reporting the role of virtual reality technology in the field of dental implants were included in our analyses, written in English and published in peer-reviewed form, are included. Theoretical articles, and letters that did not provide original data, as well as studies that reported incomplete information, were excluded. Two reviewers independently assessed search results, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies, and decisive agreement was reached by discussion and consultation with the third researcher. Narrative synthesis was undertaken to summarize and report the findings.

Results
Out of 1633 initial search results, nine were included in the present study based on the inclusion criteria. The focus of seven studies was on teaching and learning, and two studies have examined the implant planning procedure. The most commonly used hardware and software were head-mounted display and Unity3D, respectively. In almost all studies, the results showed that the use of virtual reality-based systems improves and enhances the skills of users, including dental students and specialists.

Conclusions
Our findings showed that VR is an effective method for teaching and planning the implant process. Although the use of VR technology is limited for various reasons such as cost, it can increase the skills of dental professionals in performing dental implants.
Extensive lesions and a positive cone margin are strong predictors of residual disease in subsequent hysterectomy following conization for squamous intraepithelial lesion grade 2 or 3 study design
Authors: Peng Hongfa , Liu Wencan , Jiang Jingjing , Du Hui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to determine the predictive factors for post-conization of residual disease in subsequent hysterectomy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3.

Methods
This retrospective study included 267 patients with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 who underwent hysterectomy within 7 months after conization. Clinical data (e.g., age, menopausal status, gravidity, parity, type of transformation zone, conization method) as well as pathological data pertaining to conization and hysterectomy were collected from medical records. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the variables and risk of residual lesions in hysterectomy samples.

Results
Overall, 70 (26.2%) patients had residual lesions in their hysterectomy specimens. Univariate analyses revealed that age ≥ 50 years (p=0.019), endocervical gland involvement(p=0.013), positive margin(p < 0.001), and involvement of 3–4 quadrants(p < 0.001) were risk factors for residual lesions. Conversely, postmenopausal status, gravidity ≥ 3, parity ≥ 2, loop electrosurgical excision procedure, and type III transformation zone were not risk factors for residual lesions. A positive margin(p < 0.001) and multiple-quadrant involvement(p < 0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for residual lesions on multivariate analysis.

Conclusions
Multiple-quadrant involvement and a positive cone margin were reliable predictive factors for residual disease. Total hysterectomy or repeated cervical conization should be considered for patients with these two risk factors. The identification of high-risk patients with extensive lesions by colposcopic examination before conization is indispensable, as it will enable surgeons to perform conization with consideration of risk factors and possibly improve the approach used for the excisional procedure. For high-risk patients, colposcope-guided cold-knife conization is preferred when resources permit.