bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modern Contraceptive Use Disparity Among Married Women Based on Regions of Indonesia
Authors: Misnaniarti Misnaniarti , Anjelina Marilda , Idris Haerawati 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:Increasing modern contraceptive usage is one of the efforts to reduce population growth rates and maternal and infant mortalities. In Indonesia, prior research has not discussed the use of modern contraception by regions in the last decades. This study aimed to analyze differences in the use of modern contraception among married women by regions in Indonesia.Methods:Our study used a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study consisted of 25,661 married women selected from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS). These data were analyzed using the binary logistic regression statistical test and visualized through the QGIS application as a map of Indonesia.Results:The prevalence of modern contraceptive use in Indonesia was 61.2%. Mothers in the Kalimantan, Java-Bali, Sumatra, and Sulawesi regions had a higher chance of using modern contraception than mothers in the Papua region. The factors associated with the use of modern contraception in Indonesia vary significantly across all regions. Mother’s age, number of living children, and an ideal number of children were the general factors associated with the use of contraception in all regions.Conclusion:This study demonstrates wide variations in regional prevalence and determinants of modern contraceptive use in Indonesia. Policies are needed by considering each region’s characteristics to reduce disparities between regions in using modern contraception.
Establishment of an efficient genetic transformation system for Tanacetum cinerariifolium
Authors: Shinoyama Harue , Shimizu Misato , Hosokawa Munetaka , Matsuda Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The Dalmatian Daisy Tanacetum cinerariifolium is an Asteraceae plant species that produces the natural insecticide “pyrethrum”, which is effective against mosquito disease vectors and household pests. To enhance the content of pyrethrum in flowers, a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying pyrethrum biosynthesis is needed. Even though gene transformation and genome editing techniques are vital for investigating pyrethrin biosynthesis, limited information is available on the transformation of T. cinerariifolium. Furthermore, each seedling possesses a distinct genotype with large variations by self-incompatibility. We herein employed T. cinerariifolium line #14 with weak self-incompatibility to establish a protocol of efficient regeneration from leaf segments and transformation. Leaf segments formed calli on 1/2 Murashige and Skoog’s basal medium (MS) with naphthalene acetic acid 1 mg L-1 and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) 2 mg L-1, regenerated shoots from calli on 1/2 MS with BAP 0.5 mg L-1 and GA3 0.2 mg L-1, and elongated shoot stems on 1/2 MS with indole-3-butyric acid 0.5 mg L-1 and BAP 0.5 mg L-1. To establish genetic transformation, Rhizobium radiobacter strain EHA105 with the highest infectivity and the mas1'-2' bidirectional promoter with the highest expression were used, and the antibiotic G418 was added to medium at a concentration of 10 to 20 mg L-1 to select transformed cells. By using established regeneration techniques, we successfully obtained transformants that highly expressed the transgene gusA. This technique allowed us to elucidate the mechanisms underlying pyrethrum biosynthesis in T. cinerariifolium and was useful for creating transgenic T. cinerariifolium with increased pyrethrum biosynthesis.
The Role of Environmental, Land Use, and Spatial Factors in Macroinvertebrate Community Composition in Three River Basins in Ethiopia: A Variation Partitioning Analysis
Authors: Getachew Melaku , Mereta Seid Tiku , Gebrie Geremew Sahilu , Mulat Worku Legesse , Kelly-Quinn Mary 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Community ecology, often called synecology, is the study of interactions between species in communities at different geographical and temporal scales, including distribution, structure, abundance, demography, and interactions between coexisting populations. Investigating the effects of environmental, land use, and spatial factors on the composition of macroinvertebrate communities was the objective of the current study. From three watersheds in Ethiopia, we gathered 30 samples of environmental, land use, spatial, and biological components (macroinvertebrates). Variation partitioning studies were carried out to evaluate the unique and shared roles of environmental, land use, and spatial factors. We found that 51% of the variation in the compositions of macroinvertebrates could be attributed to environmental, land use, and spatial factors. Environmental characteristics were the most important component, accounting for 42% of the total variation explained. The key environmental variables that influenced changes in the composition of macroinvertebrate communities were pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total organic nitrogen (TON), electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, and water depth. Land use and spatial factors also significantly contributed to the pattern of macroinvertebrate community composition, though they were less important than environmental influences. The study reveals that environmental factors are spatially structured and influenced by land use factors. Land use planning is a crucial strategy for improving stream conditions, increasing aquatic macroinvertebrate community composition, and enhancing freshwater ecosystem services.
Efficacy of part-time patching in preventing recurrence after bilateral lateral rectus recession in children with intermittent exotropia
Authors: Han Jae Yong , Han Jinu , Han Sueng-Han 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study evaluate the efficacy of part-time patching in preventing recurrence after bilateral lateral rectus recession in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT).
Methods
A total of 190 children aged 3–13 years who experienced recurrence after bilateral lateral rectus recession for IXT and received part-time patching were retrospectively reviewed. The patching was prescribed for 2 hours per day for more than 6 months. Patients who had a recurrence of 18 PD or more underwent reoperation. Changes in exodeviation and reoperation ratio after part-time patching were analyzed.
Results
A total of 34 patients (17.9%) received reoperation after part-time patching, and the reoperation ratio after 2 years was 20.3% as per the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Patients with a recurrence of 7 to 10 PD showed a significantly better effect compared to those with a recurrence of more than 10 PD (p < 0.001), and the reoperation ratio was also lower in the survival analysis (p = 0.004). The factor associated with reoperation in patients with part-time patching was the duration between the operation and the initiation of part-time patching (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.006, p = 0.002).
Conclusions
Part-time patching was effective in maintaining the efficacy of surgery and delaying the need of reoperation after bilateral lateral rectus recession. This effect was better in patients with a recurrence of ≤ 10 PD.
Characterization of granitic rock laterites in Bamendou (West-Cameroon) : significance in the sustainable pavements design
Authors: TATAPZIA Vladimir Willianov KEUBOU , NGAPGUE François , KENOU Willy Chance GUIMEZAP 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research focuses on the impact of cement addition on the improve the bearing capacity of sub-base soils and the lifespan of pavements in Bamendou-Western Cameroon. To carry out this study, nine lateritic soil samples were selected and taken. Following this, several tests were carried out on them in order to determine their geotechnical parameters. The results obtained show that they have an average plasticity index of 12.13. The average percentage of fines is 44.53% for a dry density of 1.58 g/cm3. The average CBR value is 8.29%.The multiple linear regression performed between CBR, percentage of fines and plasticity index shows a correlation coefficient of 0.72; however, a correlation between CBR value, liquidity limit and plasticity index shows a correlation coefficient of 0.85, characteristic of a strong correlation between the variables. Following these results, Cement stabilisation was carried out at proportions of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% in order to improve the bearing capacity of the soils studied. The results obtained show that for a change from 2–4% cement, the average CBR value obtained is doubled, from 21.27–42.77%. Moreover, this average value increases with the increase of the stabilizer rate, but no longer to a great extent. It was concluded that cement modifies the geotechnical properties of the treated materials, making them more able to withstand overloads. Once the CBR values of the improved soils had been obtained, the pavements were sized using the Alizé-LCPC software. The thickness of pavement layers decreases with increasing cement content. Following the reverse calculation, the gain in terms of service life of the structure for an addition of 2% cement is 4.40 years. It was possible to make proposals for the prescription of a cement stabilisation rate for use as a pavement subgrade; it was found that from an economic and technical point of view, the best stabilisation rate for engineers is 6% cement.
Calculus ++ Generalized Differential and Integral Calculus
Authors: Nogueira Fernando Marques de Almeida 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a generalization for Differential and Integral Calculus. Just as the derivative is the instantaneous angular coefficient of the tangent line to a function, the generalized derivative is the instantaneous parameter value of a reference function (derivator function) tangent to the function.The generalized integral reverses the generalized derivative, and its calculation is presented without antiderivatives.Generalized derivatives and integrals are presented for polynomial, exponential and trigonometric derivators and integrators functions. As an example of the application of Generalized Calculus, the concept of instantaneous value provided by the derivative is used to precisely determine frequency in a function, by means of the Fourier Derivative or Trigonometric Derivators Functions.
Precise genetic control of ATOH1 enhances maturation of regenerated hair cells in the mature mouse utricle
Authors: Cheng Alan , Wang Tian , Yang Tian , Pregernig Gabriel , McCarthy Ryan , Kedaigle Amanda , Wu Xudong , Becker Lars , Pan Ning , So Kathy , Chen Leon , Gibson Tyler , Druckenbrod Noah , Burns Joe 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Vestibular hair cells are mechanoreceptors critical for detecting head position and motion. In mammals, hair cell loss causes vestibular dysfunction as spontaneous regeneration is nearly absent. Constitutive expression of exogenous ATOH1, a hair cell transcription factor, increases regeneration of hair cells, but these cells fail to mature. To mimic native hair cells which downregulate endogenous ATOH1 as they mature, we engineered viral vectors carrying the supporting cell promoters GFAP and RLBP1. In utricles damaged ex vivo, both CMV-ATOH1 and GFAP-ATOH1 increased regeneration more effectively than RLBP1-ATOH1, while GFAP-ATOH1 and RLBP1-ATOH1 induced hair cells exhibiting more mature transcriptomes. In utricles damaged in vivo, GFAP-ATOH1 induced regeneration of hair cells expressing genes representing maturing type II hair cells, and more hair cells with bundles and synapses than untreated organs. Together our results demonstrate the efficacy of spatiotemporal control of ATOH1 overexpression in inner ear regeneration.
Prunella vulgaris polysaccharide inhibits herpes simplex virus infection by blocking TLR-mediated NF-κB activation
Authors: Zhong Xuanlei , Zhang Yibo , Yuan Man , Xu Lin , Luo Xiaomei , Wu Rong , Xi Zhichao , Li Yang , Xu Hongxi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Prunella vulgaris polysaccharide extracted by hot water and 30% ethanol precipitation (PVE30) was reported to possess potent antiviral effects against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. However, its anti-HSV mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated.
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of PVE30 against HSV infection.
Methods
Antiviral activity was evaluated by a plaque reduction assay, and the EC50 value was calculated. Immunofluorescence staining and heparin bead pull-down assays confirmed the interactions between PVE30 and viral glycoproteins. Real-time PCR was conducted to determine the mRNA levels of viral genes, including UL54, UL29, UL27, UL44, and US6, and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. The protein expression of viral proteins (ICP27, ICP8, gB, gC, and gD), the activity of the TLR-NF-κB signalling pathway, and necroptotic-associated proteins were evaluated by Western blotting. The proportion of necroptotic cells was determined by flow cytometric analysis.
Results
The P. vulgaris polysaccharide PVE30 was shown to compete with heparan sulfate for interaction with HSV surface glycoprotein B and gC, thus strongly inhibiting HSV attachment to cells. In addition, PVE30 downregulated the expression of IE genes, which subsequently downregulated the expression of E and L viral gene products, and thus effectively restricted the yield of progeny virus. Further investigation confirmed that PVE30 inhibited TLR2 and TLR3 signalling, leading to the effective suppression of NF-κB activation and IL-6 and TNF-α expression levels, and blocked HSV-1-induced necroptosis by reducing HSV-1-induced phosphorylation of MLKL.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that the P. vulgaris polysaccharide PVE30 is a potent anti-HSV agent that blocks TLR-mediated NF-κB activation.
Risk and extent of intracranial haemorrhage in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to intensive care unit
Authors: Simion George , Martinez Sergio Calero , Klumbies Katharina , Kamp Marcel Alexander , Won Sae-Yeon , Ehler Johannes , Brämer Dirk , Senft Christian , Dinc Nazife 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov2) pandemic has been overcome after more than 3 years1. Several patients were affected by neurosurgery-related complications during SARS-CoV-2 infection 2,3. The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence of SARS-Cov2-associated intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), the reasons therefore and to identify predictors of outcome.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital in the period of 2 years. We included all patients who acquired a SARS-CoV-2 infection and required intensive care treatment. All patients were followed up until death or discharge from ICU. The primary outcome was the incidence of mortality during ICU stay and occurrence of ICH. We compared survivors and non-survivors with ICH during their ICU stay and patients who developed intracerebral hemorrhage with those who did not.
Results
Four hundred and sixty-seven patients with a mean age of 64.33 (± 14.76) years with confirmed SARS-CoV2-infection were registered. The mortality rate during ICU stay was 32.11%. Within the two years period, 18 out of 467 patients (3,85%) with spontaneous SARS-Cov2-associated ICH were treated in our department. In the multivariate analysis, ICH was not identified as an independent risk factor for mortality. ECMO treatment (OR 5.130, 95%: 1.739-15.133, p=0.003) was the only independent risk factor of the occurrence of ICH.
Conclusion
SARS-Cov2-associated ICH itself did not result in increased mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection treated on the ICU. We hypothesize, that increased mortality in patients with ICH is caused by other comorbidities such as renal failure requiring dialysis, age over 65, the use of ECMO and mechanical ventilation. The use of ECMO was found to be the strongest independent risk factor associated with the occurrence of ICH.
Mesenchymal stromal cells-derived secretome attenuates cisplatin induced injury in vitro modifying the interplay between proximal tubular epithelial cells and macrophages
Authors: Rendra Erika , Uhlig Stefanie , Moskal Isabell , Thielemann Corinna , Klüter Harald , Bieback Karen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The interplay between renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) and macrophages plays an important role in the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Upon injury, damaged PTECs attract macrophages to the injury site. Macrophages can either aggravate the injury by producing pro-inflammatory factors or promote healing by supporting tissue homeostasis. Because of its high pro-regenerative capacity, MSC secretome can rescue damaged kidneys directly by acting on PTEC and indirectly by modulating macrophage responses. We hypothesize that the MSC secretome beneficially orchestrates the crosstalk between conditionally immortalized PTECs (ciPTECs) and macrophages in a cisplatin injury setting.
Methods: MSC secretome was harnessed by producing MSC conditioned medium (CM). First, the effect of CM on cisplatin injury was assessed on ciPTEC alone, measuring apoptosis, gene expression and reactive oxygen species of ciPTECs. Second, CM and cisplatin effects on macrophage surface marker expression and phagocytosis capacity were measured. Lastly, the interplay between ciPTECs and macrophages was investigated using an indirect co-culture system. ciPTEC injury was evaluated by measuring their apoptosis, nuclei fragmentation, and TNF-α secretion, while phagocytosis was taken as measure for macrophage polarization and function. The crosstalk of ciPTECs and macrophages was interrogated by measuring secreted factors within the cocultures.
Results: First, CM rescued ciPTEC from cisplatin-induced apoptosis by reducing oxidative stress and gene expression modification. Second, while cisplatin exerted only minor effects on macrophages, CM skewed macrophage phenotypes to be more anti-inflammatory. Finally, also in the co-culture system, CM suppressed ciPTEC death by inhibiting apoptosis and nuclei fragmentation. CM also downregulated pro-inflammatory response of ciPTEC, by lowering TNF-α release. While cisplatin inhibited macrophage phagocytosis, ciPTEC, and CM, to a greater extent, enhanced it. CM dampened inflammatory macrophage cytokine secretion triggered by ciPTECs.
Conclusion: Taken together, CM rescued cisplatin injury on ciPTECs and promoted M2 polarization of macrophages, individually. Combining ciPTECs and macrophages did not boost CM amelioration of injury on ciPTECs, perhaps because MSC-CM overrules macrophage effect in cisplatin injury. Nonetheless, the positive effects on reducing cisplatin cytotoxicity on ciPTEC, on polarizing macrophages individually and on fine-tuning macrophage cytokine secretion in co-cultures underscores MSCs CM benefit to prevent AKI progression and warrants further studies.
Change of dominant material properties in laserperforation process with high-energy lasers up to 120kilowatt
Authors: Reich Stefan , Goesmann Marcel , Heunoske Dominic , Schäffer Sebastian , Lueck Martin , Wickert Matthias , Osterholz Jens 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In laser materials processing, energy losses due to reflection, heat conduction and thermal radiation play an important role. In this publication, we show that with increasing laser intensity, the energy lost within the sample becomes less important for metal perforation processes. We compare the laser-matter interaction of aluminium and steel plates. Material parameters such as density, melting point and especially thermal conductivity differ strongly, leading to much longer perforation times for aluminium in comparison to steel at laser powers of 20 kW. However, this behaviour changes at laser powers of more than 80 kW where the perforation times of aluminium become shorter than the corresponding times for steel. By comparing experimental data and simulations, we conclude that thermal conduction is the dominant factor of energy loss at low powers, but is reduced at high laser powers.
Urban Heat Island and Green Spaces in the City of Skopje: An Environmental Health Approach Combined with Remote Sensing data
Authors: Bukovetz Jansun , Kochubovski Mihail , Kaplan Gordana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) is a documented urbanization-driven phenomenon, causing higher temperatures in cities than in surrounding rural areas. Combining global warming, rapid urbanization, and UHI amplifies thermal stress, endangering public health. This research assesses the positive impact of greenery in reducing ambient temperatures during Skopje's summer. The cross-sectional study ran from 22.07. − 28.07.2022, in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia. Monitoring temperatures thrice daily, we compared locations with and without tree coverage. Utilizing Landsat-8 data on July 22, 2022, we extracted SUHI patterns. Out of nine locations studied, four displayed (UHI) effects. The largest temperature difference, 7.9°C, occurred between a treeless one-way street and City Park. On average, temperature differences between the hottest and coolest spots were 6.8°C. All tree-covered areas showed lower ambient temperatures. Green spaces, like parks and tree-lined gardens, play a crucial role in mitigating thermal stress and counteracting UHI's adverse impact on public health. This research emphasizes the importance of urban planning and incorporating green infrastructure to combat UHI's detrimental effects amidst climate change and urbanization challenges. Policies promoting and preserving green spaces are essential for creating climate-resilient and sustainable cities prioritizing inhabitants' well-being.
Combination of blockade of endothelin signalling and compensation of IGF1 expression confers protective effects on degenerating retina
Authors: Shigesada Naoya , Shikada Naoya , Shirai Manabu , Toriyama Michinori , Higashijima Fumiaki , Kimura Kazuhiro , Kondo Toru , Bessho Yasumasa , Shinozuka Takuma , Sasai Noriaki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and macular dystrophy (MD) cause severe retinal dysfunction, from which 1 in 4,000 people suffer worldwide. This disease is currently assumed to be intractable because effective therapeutic methods have not been established, regardless of genetic or sporadic traits. Here, we took advantage of RP model mice in which theProminin-1(Prom1) gene is deficient and investigated the molecular events occurring at the outset of retinal dysfunction. We extracted the Prom1-deficient retina subjected to light exposure for a short time, carried out single-cell expression profiling, and compared the gene expression with that without stimuli. We identified the cells and genes whose expression levels change directly in response to light stimuli. Among the genes altered by light stimulation, we found thatIgf1was decreased in rod photoreceptor cells and astrocytes under light-stimulated conditions. Consistently, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signal was weakened in the light-stimulated photoreceptor cells. The recovery ofIgf1expression with the adeno-associated virus (AAV) prevented photoreceptor cell death, and its treatment in combination with the endothelin receptor antagonist led to the blockade of abnormal glial activation and the promotion of glycolysis, and thereby resulted in the improvement of retinal functions, as assayed by electroretinography. We additionally demonstrated that the attenuation of mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which mediates IGF signalling, leads to complications in retinal homeostasis. Together, we propose that combinatorial manipulation of distinct mechanisms is useful for the maintenance of the retinal condition.