bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement and precision of wide and cube scan measurements between swept-source and spectral-domain OCT in normal and glaucoma eyes
Authors: Hou Huiyuan , EI-Nimri Nevin W. , Durbin Mary K. , Arias Juan D. , Moghimi Sasan , Weinreb Robert N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate agreement of Wide scan measurements from swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) Triton and spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) Maestro in normal/glaucoma eyes, and to assess the precision of measurements from Wide and Cube scans of both devices. Three Triton and three Maestro operator/device configurations were created by pairing three operators, with study eye and testing order randomized. Three scans were captured for Wide (12 mm × 9 mm), Macular Cube (7 mm × 7 mm–Triton; 6 mm × 6 mm-Maestro), and Optic Disc Cube (6 mm × 6 mm) scans for 25 normal eyes and 25 glaucoma eyes. Parameter measurements included circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(cpRNFL), ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL+), and ganglion cell complex (GCL++). A two-way random effect analysis of variance model was used to estimate the repeatability and reproducibility; agreement was evaluated by Bland–Altman analysis and Deming regression. The precision estimates were low, indicating high precision, for all thickness measurements with the majority of the limits < 5 µm for the macula and < 10 µm for the optic disc. Precision of the Wide and Cube scans were comparable. Excellent agreement between the two devices was found for Wide scans, with the mean difference < 3 µm across all measurements (cpRNFL < 3 µm, GCL+  < 2 µm, GCL ++  < 1 µm), indicating interoperability. A single Wide scan covering the peripapillary and macular regions may be useful for glaucoma diagnosis and management.
Secure transmission for reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted communication with CV‐DDPG
Authors: Gao Ling , Xu Li , Zhang Yuexin , Lin Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has great potential in securing wireless transmission, and it can flexibly change the wireless communication environment. However, the employment of RIS increases the difficulty in beamforming of base station (BS), and existing schemes cannot be directly utilized to enhance the security of system. Therefore, a reinforcement learning framework to jointly control BS and RIS for the purpose of enhancing the secure performance is proposed. Specifically, the beamforming ia transformed with artificial noise and reflection control as a Markov decision problem (MDP) in complex domain. Then, we develop the deep deterministic policy gradient based on complex‐valued neural networks (CV‐DDPG) to imitate the rules of complex computation. Additionally, the CV‐DDPG is performed as the agent of reinforcement learning to control the BS and RIS, which enables better utilization of the implied phase information of complex values in the system. The simulation results show that the proposed model promotes the performance of the control and greatly improves the secrecy rate of the legitimate user.
Selective real‐time adversarial perturbations against deep reinforcement learning agents
Authors: Yao Hongjin , Li Yisheng , Sun Yunpeng , Lian Zhichao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecent work has shown that deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is vulnerable to adversarial attacks, so that exploiting vulnerabilities in DRL systems through adversarial attack techniques has become a necessary prerequisite for building robust DRL systems. Compared to traditional deep learning systems, DRL systems are characterised by long sequential decisions rather than one‐step decision, so attackers must perform multi‐step attacks on them. To successfully attack a DRL system, the number of attacks must be minimised to avoid detecting by the victim agent and to ensure the effectiveness of the attack. Some selective attack methods proposed in recent researches, that is, attacking an agent at partial time steps, are not applicable to real‐time attack scenarios, although they can avoid detecting by the victim agent. A real‐time selective attack method that is applicable to environments with discrete action spaces is proposed. Firstly, the optimal attack threshold T for performing selective attacks in the environment Env is determined. Then, the observation states corresponding to when the value of the action preference function of the victim agent in multiple eposides exceeds the threshold T are added to the training set according to this threshold. Finally, a universal perturbation is generated based on this training set, and it is used to perform real‐time selective attacks on the victim agent. Comparative experiments show that our attack method can perform real‐time attacks while maintaining the attack effect and stealthiness.
Input channel gain adaptive active disturbance rejection control based on robust adaptive finite‐time parameter estimation
Authors: Qiu Shiyin , Guo Wei , Liu Yuan , Li Mantian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a novel input channel gain adaptive active disturbance rejection control (ICGA‐ADRC) framework for the nonlinear control system with large load variation. This paper first introduces the design of ICGA‐ADRC and proves its stability through the rigorous Lyapunov approach. Subsequently, the proposed controller is simulated by subjecting it to a nonlinear mass‐spring‐damping system characterized by significant load variations. Furthermore, the position‐tracking performance of the controller is tested experimentally by using a motor‐driven pendulum system with various loads. Finally, the results of both simulations and experiments show that the ICGA‐ADRC is capable of compensating for system model uncertainty and external perturbation while accurately estimating the system input channel gain in real‐time. The innovation of this paper is that the robustness of active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) to the system load variation is significantly strengthened by integrating robust adaptive finite‐time parameter estimation method into the conventional ADRC control architecture.
Event‐based dynamic output feedback control of fuzzy systems against DoS attacks
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Chen Sichao , Weng Liguo , Chen Xiaoming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with the event‐triggered dynamic output feedback control for fuzzy systems against denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. The DoS attack behavior is modeled using a binary Markov chain to reflect the unreliability of the communication channel. To reduce network communication overhead, a novel probabilistic event‐triggered protocol with uncertain probabilities is introduced. Additionally, the potential mismatches between premise variables and modes in both the fuzzy system and the controller are accounted, leading to the design of a dual‐asynchronous dynamic output feedback controller. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed approach is validated through a comprehensive numerical example, highlighting its effectiveness in handling asynchronous control scenarios and DoS attack resilience in fuzzy systems.
MMC‐HVDC AC side line protection based on positive sequence fault component current ratio
Authors: Huang Hanqing , Wang Zengping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission based on modular multilevel converter shows the weak feed characteristic of limited fault current amplitude when connected to the traditional AC power grid, which leads to the risk of sensitivity reduction or even failure of the traditional pilot protection. Here, a modular multi‐level converter (MMC)‐HVDC AC side transmission line protection scheme based on positive sequence fault component current ratio is proposed. The positive sequence fault component current of the MMC‐HVDC side is calculated by using the positive sequence fault component current of the power grid side, and the fault is identified through the significant difference between the ratio of the positive sequence fault component current of the MMC‐HVDC side and the actual positive sequence fault component current of the MMC‐HVDC side in the case of internal and external faults. This method has the advantages of simple principle, low requirement for synchronous data, not affected by capacitive current and strong resistance to high resistance. The simulation results show that the algorithm can correctly partition internal and external faults, and is not affected by fault location, fault type and operation mode of converter station, and has high sensitivity and reliability.
Development in ambient backscatter communications
Authors: Chang Shujuan , Ding Yuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackscatter communication (BackCom), the underlying technology for modern‐day Radio Frequency Identification, has been studied as a promising solution for future ultra‐low power Internet‐of‐Things (IoT) applications. Its development has pushed the performance boundaries significantly, in terms of communication distance, data transmission rate, and power consumption. An up‐to‐date review of one branch of BackCom systems, namely Ambient BackCom, which utilises the already available ambient signals, instead of a dedicated radio frequency carrier in most of the BackCom works, to establish BackCom links is conducted. This further reduces the cost and complexity of the system and opens an opportunity for mass deployment.
Probing the physics in the core boundary layers of the double-lined B-type binary KIC 4930889 from its gravito-inertial modes
Authors: Michielsen M. , Van Reeth T. , Tkachenko A. , Aerts C. 
Published: September 2023

Context.Stellar evolution models of B-type stars are still uncertain in terms of internal mixing properties, notably in the area between the convective core and the radiative envelope. This impacts age determination of such stars in addition to the computation of chemical yields produced at the end of their life.Aims.We investigated the thermal and chemical structure and rotation rate in the near-core boundary layer of the double-lined B-type binary KIC 4930889 from its four-yearKeplerlight curve, ground-based spectroscopy, andGaiaastrometry.Methods.We computed grids of 1D stellar structure and evolution models for different mixing profiles and prescriptions of the temperature gradient in the near-core region. We examined the preferred prescription and the near-core rotation rate using 22 prograde dipole modes detected byKeplerphotometry of KIC 4930889. We employed a Mahalanobis distance merit function and considered various nested stellar model grids, rewarding goodness of fit but penalising model complexity.Results.We were able to constrain the near-core rotation rate of the pulsator to Ωrot = 0.73−0.06+0.02 d−1. Furthermore, we found a preference for either an exponentially decaying mixing profile in the near-core region or absence of additional near-core mixing, but found no preference among the various options for the temperature gradient in this region. The frequency (co)variances of our theoretical predictions are much larger than the errors on the observed frequencies. This forms the main limitation on further constraining the individual parameters of our models. A combination of spectroscopic, astrometric, binary, and asteroseismic information was used to achieve these constraints. Additionally, non-adiabatic pulsation computations of our best models indicate a need for opacity enhancements to accurately reproduce the observed mode excitation.Conclusions.The eccentric close binary system KIC 4930889 proves to be a promising target to investigate additional physics in close binaries by developing new modelling methods with the capacity to include the effect of tidal interactions for full exploitation of all detected oscillation modes.
Advancing interplanetary magnetohydrodynamic models through solar energetic particle modelling
Authors: Niemela A. , Wijsen N. , Aran A. , Rodriguez L. , Magdalenic J. , Poedts S. 
Published: September 2023

Aims.This study utilises a modelling approach to investigate the impact of perturbed solar wind conditions caused by multiple interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) on the evolution of solar energetic particle (SEP) distributions. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of SEP models in evaluating the performance of solar wind and coronal mass ejection (CME) models. To illustrate these concepts, we focussed on modelling the gradual SEP event that occurred on 2023 March 15.Methods.We utilised the 3D magnetohydrodynamic model EUHFORIA (EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset) to simulate the various ICMEs that caused the highly perturbed solar wind conditions observed during the March 15 event. We conducted three separate EUHFORIA simulations, employing both non-magnetised and magnetised models for these ICMEs. To analyse the behaviour of energetic particles in the simulated solar wind environments, we employed the energetic particle transport and acceleration model PARADISE (PArticle Radiation Asset Directed at Interplanetary Space Exploration).Results.In the vicinity of Earth, the three EUHFORIA simulations exhibit strong similarities and closely match the observed in situ data. Nevertheless, when incorporating these distinct solar wind configurations into PARADISE, notable disparities emerge in the simulated SEP intensities. This discrepancy can be attributed to the different magnetic enhancements and closed magnetic structures introduced by the different CME models within the EUHFORIA simulations. These variations strongly impact the transport mechanisms of SEPs, leading to significant deviations in the particle intensities simulated by PARADISE. Furthermore, our findings highlight the significance of cross-field diffusion even in scenarios with reduced perpendicular mean free path. This effect becomes particularly prominent when SEPs are trapped within the inner heliosphere due to the presence of ICMEs. In these scenarios, the extended duration of confinement allows the slower cross-field diffusion process to become more pronounced and exert a greater influence on the spatial distribution of SEPs, especially near and within the boundaries of ICMEs.Conclusions.Solar energetic particle models enable us to indirectly validate the accuracy of the underlying solar wind and CME models across significant portions of the heliosphere, rather than solely relying on discrete points where spacecraft are situated. This broader validation provides valuable insights into the reliability and effectiveness of the CME models on a global scale.
What drives the wheels of evolution in NGC 1512?
Authors: Robin Thomas , Kartha Sreeja S. , Ujjwal Krishnan , Saha Kanak , Parekh Viral , George Koshy , Mathew Blesson 
Published: September 2023

Context.Environmental and secular processes play a pivotal role in the evolution of galaxies. These can be external processes such as interactions or internal processes linked to the action of bar, bulge, and spiral structures. Ongoing star formation in spiral galaxies can be affected by these processes. By studying the star formation progression in the galaxy, we can gain insights into the role of different processes that regulate the overall evolution of a galaxy.Aims.The ongoing interaction between the barred-spiral galaxy NGC 1512 and its satellite NGC 1510 offers an opportunity to investigate how galactic interactions and the presence of a galactic bar influence the evolution of NGC 1512. We aim to understand the recent star formation activity in the galaxy pair and thus gain insight into the evolution of NGC 1512.Methods.The UltraViolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on board AstroSat enables us to characterise the star-forming regions in the galaxy with a superior spatial resolution of ∼85 pc in the galaxy rest frame. We identified and characterised 175 star-forming regions in the UVIT far-ultraviolet (FUV) image of NGC 1512 and correlated with the neutral hydrogen (H I) distribution. Extinction correction was applied to the estimated photometric magnitude. We traced the star-forming spiral arms of the galaxy and studied the star formation properties across the galaxy in detail.Results.We detect localised regions of star-formation enhancement and distortions in the galactic disc. We find this to be consistent with the distribution of H Iin the galaxy. This is evidence of past and ongoing interactions affecting the star formation properties of the galaxy. We studied the properties of the inner ring. We find that the regions of the inner ring show maximum star-formation-rate density (log(SFRDmean[M⊙ yr−1 kpc−2]) ∼ −1.7) near the major axis of the bar, hinting at a possible crowding effect in these regions. The region of the bar in the galaxy is also depleted of UV emission. This absence suggests that the galactic bar may have played an active role in the redistribution of gas and quenching of star formation inside the identified bar region. We therefore suggest that both secular and environmental factors might be influencing the evolution of NGC 1512.
External auditors’ use and perceptions of fraud factors in assessing fraudulent financial reporting risk (FFRR): Implications for audit policy and practice
Authors: Kassem Rasha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study used semi-structured interviews with twenty-four external auditors to explore how they perceive and use fraud factors when assessing fraudulent financial reporting risk in external audits. The fraud factors include top management’s motive, integrity, opportunity, rationalisation, and capabilities. The participants work for Big four audit firms and have international auditing experience, specifically in the US, the UK, Egypt, the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, and Saudi Arabia. The findings reveal that top management’s integrity and motives are, in theory, the most critical factors in fraud risk assessment. However, a self-selection bias pushes external auditors not to evaluate these essential factors because they are too complicated to assess, and not enough guidance is provided to them by standard setters or audit firms. In turn, external auditors concentrate mainly on evaluating the opportunities to commit fraud when assessing fraud risk. This may lead to non-optimal fraud risk assessment and, ultimately, non-optimal audit quality. The findings have implications for policy, practice, and future research, later discussed.
The effects of COVID-19 on imagined reproductive futures
Authors: Abel Charlotte 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMacro-level crises affect individual lives and behaviors. One of COVID-19’s many effects was to disrupt the way people imagined their own and their children’s’ futures or imagined reproductive futures. Using 65 interviews collected between March and July 2020 with mothers who experienced pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period at the onset of COVID-19 in the US, this study examines two elements of reproduction and futurity; first, how the pandemic exacerbated health, economic, racial, and global emergency stressors to create unique reproductive experiences and nuanced imagined reproductive futures. Second, I use Lee Edelman’s concept of reproductive futurism amidst COVID-19 to inquire whether reproduction maintains a compulsory sense of optimism amidst periods of social disruption. I find that despite the various stressors and in addition to the shared disruption of the pandemic, there remains a widespread maternal optimism about reproduction across birthing people with different intersectional social identities. Diverse imaginations of futurity are likely to impact reproductive practices and the meaning-making associated with them; in this research, I use maternal subjectivities to illustrate how narratives and experiences of reproduction are contextual, and offer a distinct avenue toward theoretical analyses of futurity.
Evolution of mediated memory in the digital age: tracing its path from the 1950s to 2010s
Authors: Han Yingyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the digital age, the relationship between human memory and media is intimate and impossible to separate. This understanding serves as the foundation for this study of mediated memory, which includes an investigation into how memory is stored, represented, and communicated via different forms of media. Despite its significance, there has yet to be a comprehensive review leading to a complete understanding of mediated memory research, particularly from the 1950s to the 2010s. This paper aims to address this knowledge gap through an extensive literature review. It examines research spanning multiple decades, focusing on the methods and paradigms used in previous mediated memory studies. The review uncovers a dual-sided representation of memory. Neurological-cognitive science research suggests that memory is represented through technology, particularly in neuroimaging techniques. Conversely, humanities and social science research highlight memory’s cultural representation through digital media, such as television, computers, smartphones, the internet, and social media. The review reveals a dichotomy in mediated memory research, with a risk of oversimplification due to the distinct paradigms. However, since the late 2000s, an interdisciplinary approach has gained momentum, leading to a more integrated perspective on mediated memory. This paper offers a comprehensive review of mediated memory studies from the 1950s to the 2010s, providing historical context, key theories, methodologies, and debates. It also identifies three distinct trajectories in these studies and highlights the gaps and issues that exist in the current research. These findings carry profound implications for future mediated memory research, advocating for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to advance our understanding of how memory is shaped and represented in the digital age.
Melissa officinalis essential oil loaded polycaprolactone membranes: evaluation of antimicrobial activities and cytocompatibility for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Iyigundogdu Zeynep , Petek Betül Sena , Capkin Yurtsever Merve , Ceylan Seda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Antimicrobial biomaterials play important role in tissue engineering applications to protect damaged tissue from infections. The aim of this study is producing antimicrobial polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes by using a plant based antimicrobial agent. Therefore, Melissa officinalis essential oil (MEO) was investigated against ten types of microorganisms and remarkable antimicrobial activity was demonstrated. PCL:MEO membranes were prepared by solvent casting method by mixing MEO into PCL in various ratios (PCL:0M, PCL:0.25M, PCL:0.5M, and PCL:1M w/w). Water contact angle measurements showed that hydrophilicity of the membranes increased with increasing concentrations of MEO from 103.44° to 83.36° for PCL:0M and PCL:1M, respectively. It was determined that there was an inverse relationship between the MEO concentration and the mechanical properties. Notable antioxidant activity of PCL/MEO membranes was exhibited by the inhibition percent of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) which was increased from 24.74% to 44.79% for PCL:0M and PCL:1M, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of MEO was also highly maintained in PCL membranes. For PCL/MEO membranes, at least 99.9% of microorganisms were inhibited. Cytocompatibility of the membranes were investigated by resazurin assay, scanning electron microscopy analysis and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. PCL:0.25M and PCL:0.5M membranes supported the viability of L929 cells more than 87% when compared to PCL:0M membranes on day 6. However, the viability of L929 cells on PCL:1M membranes was about 43% indicating significant decrease on cellular activity. In conclusion, PCL:0.25M and PCL:0.5M membranes with their high antimicrobial activity, acceptable mechanical properties and cytocompatible properties, they can be considered as an alternative biomaterial for tissue engineering applications.