bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surfaces Coated with Polymer Brushes Work as Carriers for Histidine Ammonia Lyase
Authors: Marcelino Thaís , Docampo Miguel A. Ramos , Qian Xiaomin , Ade Carina , Brodszkij Edit , Ceccato Marcel , Foss Morten , Dulchavsky Mark , Bardwell James C. A. , Städler Brigitte 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe immobilization of enzymes on solid supports is an important challenge in biotechnology and biomedicine. In contrast to other methods, enzyme deposition in polymer brushes offers the benefit of high protein loading that preserves enzymatic activity in part due to the hydrated 3D environment that is available within the brush structure. The authors equipped planar and colloidal silica surfaces with poly(2‐(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)‐based brushes to immobilize Thermoplasma acidophilum histidine ammonia lyase, and analyzed the amount and activity of the immobilized enzyme. The poly(2‐(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) brushes are attached to the solid silica supports either via a “grafting‐to” or a “grafting‐from” method. It is found that the grafting‐from method results in higher amounts of deposited polymer and, consequently, higher amounts of Thermoplasma acidophilum histidine ammonia lyase. All polymer brush‐modified surfaces show preserved catalytic activity of the deposited Thermoplasma acidophilum histidine ammonia lyase. However, immobilizing the enzyme in polymer brushes using the grafting‐from method resulted in twice the enzymatic activity from the grafting‐to approach, illustrating a successful enzyme deposition on a solid support.
Preparation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan/Kaolin Clay Biocomposite Films
Authors: Bhattacharjee Madhabi , Goswami Shyam , Borah Pranab , Saikia Mousmi , Barman Jayanta , Pramanik Nabendu B. , Haloi Dhruba J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChitosan (CS) is a polycation found in nature that exhibits many good properties. Kaolin (KAO) clay is a natural inorganic filler and is being used in medicine, ceramic, food additives, etc. Therefore, the mixing of two such biomaterials, a natural polycation (CS) and natural filler (KAO clay) may lead to a biocomposite, chitosan/kaolin (CS/KAO) clay, with many interesting properties. In this study, the composites of CS and KAO clay are prepared by mixing the solution of CS (in dilute acetic acid) with KAO clay at various weight ratios. FT‐IR, UV/Vis, X‐Ray diffraction, SEM, UTM, TGA, and DSC analyses are used to investigate these biocomposites thoroughly. Agar well diffusion method has been used to determine the antibacterial activities of different concentrations of the CS‐ KAO clay against gram ‐positive (Bacillus subtilis) and gram‐ negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. The biocomposites exhibited antibacterial activities against tested microrganisms. In addition, swelling tests of the biocomposites are also carried out. The CS/KAO clay biocomposite films show better tensile strength than CS film. It is observed that dispersed KAO clay improves the thermal stability and enhances the hardness of the matrix systematically with the increase of its loading.
An exploration of the psychological impact and support needs of nurses during a pandemic: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Yao Yongbo , Wu Lan , Toland Samantha , Li Ning 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimWhen a public health emergency occurs, nurses play an important role on the front lines and experience tremendous physical and mental stress. This review aims to synthesize existing qualitative studies exploring the psychological impact and support needs of nurses.DesignQualitative systematic reviews. Registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021288509).MethodsThis review uses the PEOD framework to explicitly identify qualitative questions and systematically searches four electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsychINFO) for articles published between 25 March 2000 and 27 December 2020.ResultsA total of 10 studies published in English from 2005 to 2020 were included in the review. Following the quality critical appraisal, 26 concepts were extracted and six descriptive themes were synthesized into three analytical themes: (1) positive psychological drive, (2) need more formal supports and (3) need to be treated fairly. During sudden public health incidents, it is crucial to provide support to family members, offer psychological counselling and isolation training to nurses, while considering cultural factors and appropriate methods. Organizations and governments should prioritize establishing a robust and effective psychological support system.
The forgotten patient: A psychological perspective on the implementation of bariatric surgery guidelines
Authors: Johnston Lynne , Jackson Kacey , Hilton Charlotte , Graham Yitka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is strong evidence demonstrating the impact of bariatric surgery on weight‐loss and comorbidity improvement. In the UK, there is specific guidance to facilitate the assessment of a person's suitability for bariatric surgery. This paper highlights the clinical reality of routinely implementing this guidance, supported by literature and the perspectives of practicing psychologists. The consequences of the implementation of clinical guidelines within the context of the typical biopsychosocial profile of those referred for bariatric surgery are discussed. The ramifications of a screening approach rather than a clinical formulation‐based approach to assessment, impact of a possible unconscious bias in commissioning and an overemphasis on a biomedical model approach to treatment are also presented. These contextual factors are argued to contribute to a population of “forgotten patients” that is, patients who have been assessed as not suitable for bariatric surgery, and thus “stuck” in their journey toward better health. For these individuals the only option left are energy balance only approaches, which are the very same approaches to weight‐loss and comorbidity improvement that have been attempted, often for many years. Not only have these approaches not resulted in weight‐loss and health improvement, they also fail to address the underlying psychological causes of obesity. Consequently, this lack of support means that patients continue to suffer from poor quality of life, with no clear pathway to improved health and wellbeing. This paper illuminates the clear gaps in weight management service provision, the implementation of guidelines in practice, and offers practical suggestions to reduce the unintended consequences of clinical guidelines for bariatric surgery.
Synergy between manganese phytate and expandable graphite on thermal stability and combustion behavior of rigid polyurethane foam
Authors: Zhang Xu , Sun Simiao , Li Handong , Wang Zhi , Xie Hua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) modified by self‐made manganese phytate (MnPa) and expandable graphite (EG) has been prepared successfully. The thermal stability and combustion behavior of the modified RPUFs (MEPUF) have been studied using the thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis kinetics analysis, smoke density analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and UL‐94 level test. When compared to MEPUF1 (MnPa/EG = 3/1), MEPUF2 (MnPa/EG = 1/1) had a 9.1°C higher initial decomposition temperature and had a greater activation energy. Additionally, the smoke density experiment demonstrated that the light transmittance of MEPUF2 increased by 5.1% compared with MEPUF1 in 0–70s and the LOI of MEPUF2 reached 23%. The current investigation indicated that MEPUF2 had better thermal stability and flame retardancy.
Thermoplastic polyurethane for three‐dimensional printing applications: A review
Authors: Desai Shubham M. , Sonawane Rushikesh Y. , More Aarti P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is an emerging technology with the advantage of less wastage, fast prototyping with customized designing suitable for a wide range of applications. Three‐dimensional (3D) printing is one of the types of additive manufacturing and various polymers are explored for 3D printing applications. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a versatile material that has gained increasing attention in 3D printing applications due to its unique combination of mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. This review paper provides an overview of the current state‐of‐the‐art in TPU‐based 3D printing, including its characteristics, processing techniques, and mainly its applications. Extensive studies are done in TPU with fused deposition modeling (FDM), multi‐jet fusion (MJF), and selective laser sintering (SLS). The elasticity and flexibility, layer adhesion, tensile strength, and support structure are the parameters that decide the suitability of FDM, SLS, and MJF for TPU 3D printing. The infill density, modification of processing parameters, use of sacrificial materials, addition of perforations or channels, varying the particle size, using a mixture of powders, and so forth. leads to develop the porous structure in the final product. In addition, we have studied blends of TPU with other polymers like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA), as well as fiber‐reinforced TPU composites for 3D printing applications.
Non‐destructive, reverse iontophoretic extraction of phytochemicals from Mangifera indica, Centella asiatica, Punica granatum, and Citrus sinensis
Authors: Eilstein Joan , Nair Vimal , Moore Kieran , Pannakal Steve Thomas , Grégoire Sébastien , Ekhar Prashant , Guy Richard H. , Delgado‐Charro M. Begoña , Roy Nita 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor the commercial‐scale isolation of phytochemicals, a suitable plant biomass source (including species, origin, growing season, etc.) must be identified, and frequent analytical verification is required to ensure that the phytochemicals are present at predefined minimum threshold concentrations. While the latter are typically assessed in the laboratory, a more efficient and less resource‐intensive approach would involve non‐destructive and environmentally friendly measurements in situ. Reverse iontophoretic (RI) sampling offers a potential solution to this challenge.ObjectiveWe aimed to demonstrate the non‐destructive, RI sampling of phytochemicals of interest from biomass from four different sources.Materials and methodsRI experiments were performed in side‐by‐side diffusion cells using a current density of 0.5 mA/cm2, for a predetermined time in a defined pH environment, using (1) fresh leaves from Mangifera indica and Centella asiatica and (2) isolated peel from Punica granatum and Citrus sinensis.ResultsMangiferin, madecassoside, punicalagin, ellagic acid, and hesperidin were extracted from the different biomasses by RI. The amounts extracted ranged from 0.03 mg/100 mg of biomass for the cathodal extraction of madecassoside to 0.63 mg/100 mg of biomass for the anodal extraction of punicalagin. A linear relationship (r2 = 0.73) between the RI‐extracted quantities of punicalagin and those determined using conventional methods was demonstrated.ConclusionThe non‐destructive, in situ measurement of phytochemical levels by RI represents a feasible approach for timing the harvesting process.
Accuracy analysis of satellite antenna panel expansion based on BP neural network
Authors: Qian Hua‐Ming , Zhang Hua , Huang Tudi , Huang Hong‐Zhong , Wang Ke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLarge deployable space mechanisms are widely used in the field of aerospace and have been paid increasingly high attention recently. The satellite antenna expansion system is the classic large deployable space mechanism. However, during the expansion of the satellite antenna deployable mechanism, the expansion accuracy is affected by the existing various uncertain factors which even result in scraping the satellite. For example, the hinge locking error has the significant influence on the deployment accuracy of the satellite antenna panel. In term of this issue, considering the advantage of the back‐propagation (BP) neural network for the high dimensional nonlinear problem, this paper mainly adopts it to analyze the impact of hinge locking error on the expansion accuracy of the antenna panel. The results show that the probability of the actual flatness deviation of the satellite antenna panel falling in the required accuracy area is 99.56%, and the probability of the actual pointing angle deviation falling in the required accuracy area is 99.84%.
Tracheal stenosis following tracheotomy in a COVID‐19 patient
Authors: Salaouatchi Mohamed Tayeb , Spinato Linda , Sanoussi Said , Mesquita Maria do Carmo Filomena 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHemodialyzed patients with COVID‐19 are at risk for severe complications from acute respiratory distress syndrome, requiring admission to the intensive‐care unit for invasive mechanical ventilation. Post tracheotomy stenosis can be a life‐threatening condition that commonly occurs after iatrogenic injury secondary to tracheotomy or tracheal intubation. We report a case of a 44‐year‐old female patient on maintenance haemodialysis who presented a COVID‐19‐related ARDS that required mechanical ventilation for 4 weeks, followed by a persistent stridor and finally succumbed, 1 month after being discharged from intensive care unit, from a severe respiratory distress due to a tracheal stenosis. Our aim is to highlight the importance of the early recognition and management of post tracheotomy stenosis in patients with persistent respiratory difficulty as stridor after prolonged intubation requiring tracheotomy, in order to improve the prognosis of these patients.
Adaptive iteration learning control with iteration‐varying event‐triggered mechanism for discrete‐time nonlinear systems with random initial states
Authors: Chai Sheng , Yu Miao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, a novel adaptive event‐trigered iterative learning control (ILC) scheme is designed for discrete‐time nonlinear systems with time‐varying parameters and random initial states. The reference trajectory can be iteration‐invariant or iteration‐varying. The control input is updated when the event‐triggering condition is satisfied, which reduces the action time of controller and consequently the unnecessary waste of communication resource. An adaptive event‐triggering condition parameter is designed to improve the efficiency of the event generator. Moreover, the parameter updating law of adaptive iterative learning controller is designed based on the recursive least squares algorithm. With the proposed adaptive ILC with event‐triggered mechanism, the learning convergence along the iteration axis is guaranteed and communication burden is reduced. Finally, rigorous theoretical analysis under Lyapunov theory and illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sustainable Curcumin‐Based Bio‐benzoxazines for Antimicrobial and Anticorrosion Applications
Authors: Muthukumar Narmatha , Arumugam Hariharan , Krishnasamy Balaji , Athianna Muthusamy , Muthukaruppan Alagar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the current study, three novel bio‐based benzoxazines were produced from curcumin (CU), which reacts individually with three different primary amines such aniline (a), furfurylamine (ffa) and octadecylamine (oda) under suitable experimental conditions. FTIR and 1H‐NMR spectra were used to confirm the molecular structure of synthesized curcumin based benzoxazine monomers (CU‐a, CU‐ffa and CU‐oda). It was found that the curing temperatures of the three benzoxazine monomers, CU‐a, CU‐ffa, and CU‐oda are 207 °C, 193 °C, and 199 °C respectively. According to theromogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis, cured poly(CU‐a), poly(CU‐ffa), and poly(CU‐oda) have remaining char yields of 78, 77, and 55 %, respectively, and their corresponding limiting oxygen index (LOI) values are 49, 48, and 40, respectively, confirming that they have exceptional thermal stability and flame‐retardant qualities that are ideal for applications. The value of water contact angle of poly(CU‐a), poly(CU‐ffa) and poly(CU‐oda) are 131°, 135° and 137° respectively, which infer their excellent hydrophobicity. Results from corrosion and anti‐microbial studies ascertain that these curcumin based benzoxazines can be considered as efficient coating materials to protect the surfaces of mild steel specimen under adverse environmental conditions. Using density‐functional theory (DFT) band gap of the monomers has been calculated and found that CU‐a possesses the lower value of band gap of 2.9212 eV than other benzoxazines.
Synthesis of Hydrophobically Associating Polymers with Natural Product Structures by a One‐Pot Method – Comparison of Ethanol Treatment and Freeze‐Drying
Authors: Wang Chunhui , Ji Kuan , Jia Weina , Shao Shuai , Liu Yumeng , Jiang Xiaohui , Yu Liangmin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolyacrylamide‐based hydrophobically associating polymers (HAPAM) containing capsaicin derivatives and itaconic acid with acrylamide (AM) and methacrylic acid (MAA) as the main bodies, and N‐vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) as the functional monomer are prepared by a one‐pot synthesis of the soap‐free emulsion polymerization process. The structure is characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) explores thermal stability. For achieving proper purification, excellent preservation and convenient transportation of the polymer and to advance its practical engineering applications, two different treatments, namely ethanol washout and freeze‐drying, are carried out and compared. The surface morphology observation manifests that the freeze‐drying products (DHPAM) better protect the three‐dimensional cross‐linked network structure formed by various supramolecular forces such as hydrophobic association, electrostatic and hydrogen bonding inside the polymer than the ethanol washout products (EHPAM), which well explains why DHPAM has lower critical association concentration (CAC), greater resistance to high temperature and high salt, and better corrosion inhibition performance than EHPAM. It is significant for strengthening the application of polymers in related fields, especially oil and gas extraction.
Hybrid Electrolyte Design for High‐Performance Zinc–Sulfur Battery
Authors: Guo Yuqi , Chua Rodney , Chen Yingqian , Cai Yi , Tang Ernest Jun Jie , Lim J. J. Nicholas , Tran Thu Ha , Verma Vivek , Wong Ming Wah , Srinivasan Madhavi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRechargeable aqueous Zn/S batteries exhibit high capacity and energy density. However, the long‐term battery performance is bottlenecked by the sulfur side reactions and serious Zn anode dendritic growth in the aqueous electrolyte medium. This work addresses the problem of sulfur side reactions and zinc dendrite growth simultaneously by developing a unique hybrid aqueous electrolyte using ethylene glycol as a co‐solvent. The designed hybrid electrolyte enables the fabricated Zn/S battery to deliver an unprecedented capacity of 1435 mAh g−1and an excellent energy density of 730 Wh kg−1at 0.1 Ag−1. In addition, the battery exhibits capacity retention of 70% after 250 cycles even at 3 Ag−1. Moreover, the cathode charge–discharge mechanism studies demonstrate a multi‐step conversion reaction. During discharge, the elemental sulfur is sequentially reduced by Zn to S2−(, forming ZnS. On charging, the ZnS and short‐chain polysulfides will oxidize back to elemental sulfur. This electrolyte design strategy and unique multi‐step electrochemistry of the Zn/S system provide a new pathway in tackling both key issues of Zn dendritic growth and sulfur side reactions, and also in designing better Zn/S batteries in the future.
Cooperative Boron and Vanadium Doping of Nickel Phosphides for Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline and Anion Exchange Membrane Water/Seawater Electrolyzers
Authors: Zhao Tingwen , Wang Shuhao , Jia Chen , Rong Chengli , Su Zhen , Dastafkan Kamran , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Chuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost and high‐performance transition metal‐based electrocatalysts is crucial for realizing sustainable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media. Here, a cooperative boron and vanadium co‐doped nickel phosphide electrode (B, V‐Ni2P) is developed to regulate the intrinsic electronic configuration of Ni2P and promote HER processes. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that V dopants in B, V‐Ni2P greatly facilitate the dissociation of water, and the synergistic effect of B and V dopants promotes the subsequent desorption of the adsorbed hydrogen intermediates. Benefiting from the cooperativity of both dopants, the B, V‐Ni2P electrocatalyst requires a low overpotential of 148 mV to attain a current density of −100 mA cm−2 with excellent durability. The B, V‐Ni2P is applied as the cathode in both alkaline water electrolyzers (AWEs) and anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs). Remarkably, the AEMWE delivers a stable performance to achieve 500 and 1000 mA cm−2 current densities at a cell voltage of 1.78 and 1.92 V, respectively. Furthermore, the developed AWEs and AEMWEs also demonstrate excellent performance for overall seawater electrolysis.
Single‐Site SnOCu Pairs with Interfacial Electron Transfer Effect for Enhanced Electrochemical Catalysis and Sensing
Authors: Li Ruimin , Guo Weiwei , Zhu Zhijun , Chen Yanan , Jiao Lei , Zhu Chengzhou , Zhai Yanling , Lu Xiaoquan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs advanced electrochemical catalysts, single‐atom catalysts have made great progress in the field of catalysis and sensing due to their high atomic utilization efficiency and excellent catalytic performance. Herein, stannum‐doped copper oxide (CuOSn1) nanosheets with single‐site SnOCu pairs as active sites are synthesized as electrocatalysts for biological molecule detection. Compared with CuO‐based electrochemical sensors, the CuOSn1‐based electrochemical sensors have improved detection sensitivity with a rapid electrochemical response. Theoretical calculation reveals that the single‐site SnOCu pairs induced interfacial electronic transfer effect can strengthen hydroxy adsorption and thus reduce the energy barrier of the biological molecule oxidation process. As a concept application, electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid molecules is achieved, exhibiting satisfactory sensitivity and selectivity. This work demonstrates the advantages of single‐site SnOCu pairs in electrochemical catalysis and sensing, which provides theoretical guidance for understanding the structure‐activity relationship for sensitive electrochemical sensing.
Au Nanowires Decorated Ultrathin Co3O4 Nanosheets toward Light‐Enhanced Nitrate Electroreduction
Authors: Zhang Ze‐Nong , Hong Qing‐Ling , Wang Xiao‐Hui , Huang Hao , Li Shu‐Ni , Chen Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNitrate is a reasonable alternative instead of nitrogen for ammonia production due to the low bond energy, large water‐solubility, and high chemical polarity for good absorption. Nitrate electroreduction reaction (NO3RR) is an effective and green strategy for both nitrate treatment and ammonia production. As an electrochemical reaction, the NO3RR requires an efficient electrocatalyst for achieving high activity and selectivity. Inspired by the enhancement effect of heterostructure on electrocatalysis, Au nanowires decorated ultrathin Co3O4 nanosheets (Co3O4‐NS/Au‐NWs) nanohybrids are proposed for improving the efficiency of nitrate‐to‐ammonia electroreduction. Theoretical calculation reveals that Au heteroatoms can effectively adjust the electron structure of Co active centers and reduce the energy barrier of the determining step (*NO → *NOH) during NO3RR. As the result, the Co3O4‐NS/Au‐NWs nanohybrids achieve an outstanding catalytic performance with high yield rate (2.661 mg h−1 mgcat−1) toward nitrate‐to‐ammonia. Importantly, the Co3O4‐NS/Au‐NWs nanohybrids show an obviously plasmon‐promoted activity for NO3RR due to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) property of Au‐NWs, which can achieve an enhanced NH3 yield rate of 4.045 mg h−1 mgcat−1. This study reveals the structure–activity relationship of heterostructure and LSPR‐promotion effect toward NO3RR, which provide an efficient nitrate‐to‐ammonia reduction with high efficiency.