bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Operationalizing Non-Territorial Autonomy: Indicators Assessing Mobilization for Empowerment
Authors: Malloy Tove H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to understand how members of ethno-cultural groups enjoy and benefit from non-territorial autonomy (NTA) in their daily lives, it is important to understand how they organize and operate NTA institutions beyond the formal legal and political establishment of institutions. To implement NTA there needs to be institutions and organizations through which members of ethno-cultural groups can carry out the work and make NTA operational. These are not usually established by the state and the authorities because that would be a violation of the idea of autonomy. Rather, ethno-cultural groups must set up facilities, using both material and non-material resources, in order to become empowered. However, authorities can support ethno-cultural groups in their work. With regard to the material side of NTA, governments and authorities can provide subsidies in terms of buildings and land or access to such as well as to other tangible materials needed to set up and run organizations. With regard to the non-material side of NTA, governments can provide subsidies for instance to running costs and salaries. These financial aspects depend on the agreements that are reached between the state and/or local authorities, on the one side, and the ethno-cultural groups seeking to establish and run their own organizations, on the other side. In other words, ethno-cultural groups must be able to represent themselves and put forward their wishes or needs to the government and its authorities in order to access their NTA rights. This also means that ethno-cultural groups must be able and willing to co-operate with the government and authorities. A key question is therefore, how do ethno-cultural groups muster collective agency that enables them to make decisions and co-operate with public authorities? This chapter will offer tools to assessing how members of ethno-cultural groups come together collectively to organize autonomy as a result of being granted rights to decide over their own affairs. Specifically, it will offer indicators of how to assess the capabilities and activities which ensure that the members of ethno-cultural groups can be empowered.
NTA and International Minority Rights
Authors: Vizi Balázs 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter offers an overview on how is NTA reflected in international documents on minority rights and how can NTA fit in the international minority rights regime. First the relation of human rights and minority rights is explained in international law, then the following section analyses how individual and group rights approaches can be reconciled in this regard. Since most international documents on minority rights remain silent on autonomy, minorities’ right to participation in public life may create the link between minority rights and non-territorial autonomy. Against this background the final section analyses the international documents that mention minority autonomy in this context and points to the conclusion that minority autonomy, both territorial and non-territorial autonomy may be useful to secure minority participation in public life as it is guaranteed by international norms on minority rights.
Normative Principles and Non-Territorial Autonomy
Authors: Goemans Piet 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter asks the normative question whether non-territorial autonomy (abbreviated as NTA) should be implemented and, if so, why. In other words, it asks which normative principles, like the principle of equality or the principle of cultural preservationism, would demand NTA. As such this chapter places NTA in the debate on multiculturalism as it is conducted in the liberal tradition of normative political philosophy by authors like Yael Tamir, Will Kymlicka, Alan Patten and Brian Barry. The first section discusses what a principle of equality that demands the implementation of NTA would look like. This section points out a limit or a problem for the principle of equality as a legitimation of NTA. That problem is basically that the main alternative to NTA, territorial self-government, looks much more like, is much more equal to, a majority state than NTA. Hence using the principle of equality to argue for NTA requires one to explain why this principle nevertheless demands NTA. The second section discusses the principle of cultural preservationism in relation to NTA. This section tries to reappraise the heavily criticized principle of cultural preservationism. It does so because there is a close fit between this principle and NTA. The third section discusses group rights. Although not principles as such, liberal individualists often object to group rights on the basis of normative principles. Moreover, NTA is usually seen to imply group rights. This section points out the possible liberal defenses of group rights that an advocate of NTA might make use of.
The Politics of NTA
Authors: Salat Levente 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe chapter deals with the political context of NTA arrangements, with focus on the actors involved in such arrangements, the conditions the actors have to meet, the political decisions they need to make, the legal and institutional consequences of those decisions, and, finally, the social and political costs of the arrangements and the criteria of success. Given that NTA arrangements are manifold, the issued addressed in the chapter are detailed with regard to each sub-type or form of manifestation. The approach is mainly descriptive and empirical, but since there are gaps between the ideal type and examples of practical implementation, normative considerations/recommendations are also part of the argument outlined by the chapter.
The Many Faces of Minority Non-Territorial Autonomy
Authors: Djordjević Ljubica 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the chapter is to demonstrate this multi-faceted nature of NTA by pointing out some core conceptual unclarities/variations, as well as by outlining the main types of NTA. The first section outlines the vagueness of the NTA concept, or concepts, through explaining manifestations of the territoriality and personality principles in the NTA, discussing the difficulties in defining ‘autonomy’ and to what extent NTA can be considered as a fullyfledged autonomy, and finally showing how the very term NTA has been interpreted in various ways by different authors. In the second section, the chapter provides an overview of the most common types of NTA: cultural, functional, and personal autonomy. It explains core features of each of the type and offers some real-life examples that can help to better grasp the variety of manifestations of the NTA. As a result, the discussions in the chapter shall help to understand that NTA is not a uniformed and coherent model, but has various forms and components that can be differently combined. While such vagueness of the NTA can be considered its weakness, at the same time such flexibility is also its strength, as it enables the NTA to be tailor-made to meet the given context and best address the specific needs of diversity accommodation.
Analysis of Slurry Ratio of Rotary Digging Pile in Deep Sand Layer
Authors: Zang Wanjun , Wen Jiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSlurry ratio is a crucial link in the construction of bored pile, which directly determines the quality of bored pile. In order to determine the key performance parameters of the slurry required to form piles in the deep sand layer, relying on Huizhou north station engineering, an orthogonal test of slurry proportioning was designed and carried out, and SPSS statistical analysis software was used to carry out bivariate correlation analysis and multivariate stepwise analysis of the test results, combined with the slurry performance index test regression equation and using MATLAB software optimization processing, slurry optimal mix ratio and verify, the research results show that: orthogonal test screening value, software calculation value, test value is not different. Conclusion: The results show that bentonite and CMC have significant influence on slurry indexes, while Na2CO3 and PHP can adjust slurry performance to meet the slurry use standard; the optimal mix ratio is 148 g bentonite, Na2CO3 5.2 g, CMC 3.5 g, PHP 0.05 g; the slurry ratio test analysis and treatment, and the optimization mix ratio is feasible and reasonable, class I pile proportion more than 98% to meet the actual engineering requirements.
Investigation of Web Hole Effects on Capacities of Cold-Formed Steel Channel Members
Authors: Pham Ngoc Hieu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCold-formed steel structures have been widely applied in structural buildings with advantages in manufacturing, transportation and assembly. Holes can be pre-punched in the sectional members to allow technical pipes to go throughout such as electricity, water or ventilation. This affects the capacities of these such members which have been considered in the design standards in America or Australia/New Zealand. The paper, therefore, investigates the effects of web holes on the capacities of cold-formed steel channel members under compression or bending. Their capacities can be determined according to the American Specification AISI S100-16. The investigated results are the base for analysing the effects of web hole dimensions on the behaviors and capacities of cold-formed steel channel members. It was found that the capacity reductions were obtained for compressive members with the increase in hole sizes, but the flexural capacities were noticeable increase with the increase in the hole heights.
A Method for Determining the Pile Location of Pile Based on the Point Safety Factor Distribution of Reinforced Slope
Authors: Hou Shengjun , Zhao Gaojin , Yang Yongfeng , Fu Fengjiao , Li Qilin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnti-slide pile is one of the supporting structures commonly used in landslide treatment, while the determination of pile location is empirical. A highway landslide in Yunnan Province was selected as a study case, this paper proposes a method to determine the anti-slide pile location based on the point safety factor distribution of sliding surface. The study found that the local sliding surface has a large value of point safety factor in the anti-slide section. With increase of the proportion of the anti-slide section, the anti-sliding ability of the slide surface can be fully utilized, and the reinforcement effect of the anti-slide pile will be great. Using the point safety factor to determine the pile location is a quantitative method, which enriches the design theory of landslide support structure.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Seawater Sea-Sand Recycled Concrete Under Sulfate Attack
Authors: Tian Xiangsheng , Huang Yijie , Zhang Jingxue , Dong Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe preparation of seawater sea-sand recycled concrete (SSRAC) by combining seawater, sea-sand and recycled coarse aggregate is of great significance for the utilization of marine resources and environmental protection in China. The sulfate corrosion test in this paper uses dry wet cycle to simulate the alternating dry wet environment, and compares the ordinary concrete (OC) and freshwater river sand recycled concrete (RAC) to study the mechanical property deterioration characteristics of SSRAC in dry–wet cycle (30d, 60d, 90d, 120d). The results show that with the increase of the dry–wet cycle, the apparent damage of SSRAC gradually extends from the diagonal to the periphery, and finally the cracks spread all over the whole. The mass, strength and strength corrosion resistance coefficient of SSRAC show the same law as OC and RAC, which increase first and then decrease. The resistance of SSRAC to sulfate attack is lower than OC and slightly higher than RAC, and the strength corrosion resistance coefficient is lower than 75% at 120 times of dry–wet cycle.
Research on Safety Risks and Countermeasures of Super High-Rise Steel Structure
Authors: Ji Cuihua , Yin Yong , Yin Jianyu , Zeng Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractJudging from the development status of most super-high-rise building industries in China, “outer frame + core tube” is basically adopted. The appearance of this core tube structure design concept puts forward higher requirements for the construction safety of the main structure. Combined with practical engineering projects, we analyze the safety risks and countermeasures of the outer frame column of the super high-rise steel structure, the safety risks and countermeasures of the cantilever steel beam, the safety risks and countermeasures of the waist truss, the safety risks and countermeasures of the waist truss, the safety risks and countermeasures of the outrigger truss, the safety risks and countermeasures of the tower crown structure are discussed one by one. It ensures the organic combination of engineering safety measures and engineering construction technology. The proposed safety measures are highly targeted and feasible, ensuring the safe construction of the project. The comprehensive application of this project confirms the feasibility of relevant countermeasures, so as to provide reference and help for subsequent similar projects.
A Hand Method for Assessment of Maximum IDR and Displacement of RC Buildings
Authors: Bozdogan Kanat Burak , Ozturk Duygu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaximum displacement and the maximum interstorey drift ratio are the important factors for the measurement of the vulnerability of multistorey buildings. For this reason, in this paper a method was proposed to calculate the maximum displacement and maximum interstorey drift ratio (IDR) values. In this model, reinforced concrete multistorey structure was modeled as an equivalent flexural-shear frame. Maximum displacement and the maximum IDR were calculated according to the Equivalent Static Loads Method and The Response Spectrum Method using the continuum model and the results were tabulated. With the help of the obtained tables by this study, the maximum displacement and the maximum IDR of the regular multistorey structures can be calculated quickly and practically. The axial deformation of the vertical elements (columns and shear walls) were approximately considered in the study. The convergence of the presented method to the Finite Elements Method was investigated by two examples in the last part of the study.
BIM Electromechanical Pipe Synthesis Experience Summary in Residential Basement
Authors: Lei Ting , Jiang Ming , Yu Jian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBIM technology has been widely used in practical engineering construction projects, especially in the application scenario of mechanical and electrical pipeline synthesis. In residential projects, the electromechanical pipeline in the basement part is the most complex and concentrated in the whole project. Therefore, this paper studies and summarizes the comprehensive application of electromechanical pipeline of BIM technology in residential basement project. This paper mainly studies the implementation process of BIM electromechanical pipeline comprehensive application of four actual residential basement construction projects, analyzes the problems found and solved in the comprehensive application of electromechanical pipeline in residential basement based on BIM, and summarizes the key points that the project construction party needs to grasp in order to complete such projects with high efficiency, high quality and high standard. In addition, according to the implementation experience of actual engineering projects, this paper also puts forward some suggestions on the implementation process of BIM-based residential basement electromechanical pipeline comprehensive project.
The Forward Simulation on Geometric Characteristics of Adverse Buried Bodies Using Ground Penetrating Radar
Authors: Li Hengyi , He Shengya , Zhang Jianjing , Ye Liang , Wen Haijia , Li Congcong , Duan Huchen , Peng Xie , Zhu Haitao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdverse buried bodies near to ground surface would damage the buildings, and the detailed geometric characteristics of adverse buried bodies is essential for reducing damage and potential risk. To achieve this goal, forward simulation on geometric characteristics of three typical culverts in Chongqing were carried out in this paper. The response characteristics of (ground penetrating radar) GPR profiles caused by geometric characteristics and filling materials change were summarized, and the apexes of diffraction hyperbolas and lateral changes in the reflection pattern were used to determine the dimension and boundary of buried bodies. The comparison between GPR profiles interpretation result and the measured data in the field was used to verify the validity.
Experimental Research on Road Snow Melting Performance Based on Electric Heating Tube
Authors: Jiang Zhenhua , Chen Yan , Lu Xintong , Hu Jianhan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCold regions and snowing weather are widely distributed in Global, which caused a series of problems in road safety, such as icy surfaces of roads, frozen-thaw Circle damage, and traffic jams. This research aims to improve the energy-efficient of electric heating snow-melting tubes for solving the icy and snowy pavement of urban roads. Numerical simulation and in-situ testing experiments is used in the research while the temperature field distribution and snow melting performance of the electric heating pipe heating road system are explored. It is found that the increasing of electric heating pipes cause a great impact on the snow melting effects. Moreover, this study lays the theoretical and experimental foundation for practical applications.
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Multiparameter Criteria of Ultrasonic Method for Foundation Piles
Authors: Huang Peng , Yu Zequan , Pan Huiming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs one of the important methods to survey the foundation pile integrity in most engineering industries in China, ultrasonic testing (UT) has such advantages as determining the position and scope of defects accurately and good operability. In this paper, on the basis of the in-depth study of China’s industrial standards, main parameters for evaluating pile integrity in each standard were extracted, features and deficiencies of each parameter were analyzed in detail, and a multiparameter identification method of ultrasonically testing foundation pile integrity, which takes wave velocity, amplitude and basic frequency as the analytical parameters and outputs quantitative results, was proposed as an effective supplement to the ultrasonic testing of foundation pile integrity. This method has been applied to the result analysis of more than 800 engineering piles, and has obtained high consistency by comparing those results with core drilling results. Among them, $$K_{(i)}$$, the evaluation index of pile integrity with the pile complete and the buried acoustic pipe flat, is basically closed to the range $$1 \le K_{(i)} \le 1.35$$; when $$K_{(i)} > 1.35$$, all others, except for several points, are $$K_{(i)}$$ dispersion caused by head wave interpretation errors; when $$0.85 \le K_{(i)} < 1$$, all acoustic lines within this range reflect slight or obvious abnormalities of sound velocity and amplitude and obvious distortion of waveforms, that is, this acoustic line has slight or obvious defects; when $$K_{(i)} < 0.85$$, all acoustic lines within this range reflect serious abnormalities of sound velocity and amplitude and obvious distortion of waveforms, that is, this acoustic line has serious defects. Conclusion: This method can effectively reduce the impact of changes in critical values of wave velocity and amplitude caused by the misinterpretation of the head wave position, thus providing a rapid and accurate evaluation for the ultrasonic testing of foundation pile integrity for later engineering practice reference.
Evaluation and Repair of Steel Structure Damaged by Fire
Authors: Wang Hongnan , Liu Huabo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, steel structures have been widely used in buildings because of their advantages in self-weight and seismic performance. However, due to the great influence of temperature on steel structure, once a fire occurs, it may lead to the destruction of steel structure and even the collapse of the building. In this paper, through the assessment of a steel structure factory after fire, the damage degree of the components and structural integrity of the building are determined, which provides a reliable technical support for the subsequent repair and retrofit work. Based on the extent of damage identified, repairs are performed on the affected members. The analysis results of the rehabilitated structure show that this method is safe and effective.
Reliability Analysis on Horizontal Bearing of Pile Foundation in Sloping Ground Based on Active Learning Kriging Model
Authors: Liang Hao , Liu Chang , Yan Xiuqing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe uncertainty of pile and soil and slope effect are two of the major factors affecting the horizontal bearing capacity of piles of transmission tower in sloping ground. In order to analyze the influence of the two factors on the reliability of pile, this paper proposes a reliability analysis method for horizontal bearing of pile foundation in sloping ground based on proxy model. Firstly, the analytical model of horizontal bearing of the pile foundation in sloping ground was derived, and corresponding performance functions were constructed. Secondly, by combining Kriging model method with the performance functions, the reliability analysis method of pile foundations in sloping ground is established. Finally, taking a typical transmission line project in mountainous area as an example, the horizontal bearing reliability of pile foundation was analyzed. The results show that the proposed analysis method can quickly converge to the horizontal bearing limit state of pile. Slope effect has more significant influence on horizontal deformation than that of material yield. Among the uncertainty parameters, the bearing capacity of pile foundation is sensitive to the dispersion degree of horizontal force, pile diameter and the elastic modulus of foundation pile.
Study on Adsorption Model and Influencing Factors of Heavy Metal Cu2+ Adsorbed by Magnetic Filler Biofilm
Authors: Li Zhaoxu , Zhu Xiaoping , Zhang Min , Guo Wei , Wu Qian , Wang Jianguo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of biofilm to repair heavy metal pollution in rivers has become a research hotspot in various countries and has attracted more and more attention. The adsorption of heavy metal ions by biofilm depends on many physical and chemical factors. In this paper, the model and its influencing factors of the adsorption of heavy metals by biofilm attached onto the magnetic fillers containing 10% strontium ferrite were studied. The study found that pH is the most important factor that interferes with the adsorption of heavy metal Cu2+ in biofilm. When the pH is 6.2, the adsorption capacity of heavy metal Cu2+ reaches maximum value. In comparison, temperature has no significant effect on the adsorption of Cu2+ by biofilm. When the temperature increases from 5 to 30℃, the adsorption rate of Cu2+ increased by 11.2% accordingly. This study has important theoretical reference value for heavy metal Cu2+ in-situ repairation in rivers or lakes using magnetic filler biofilm method.