bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacial interaction of graphene oxide with montmorillonite in tailoring the structure and proton transport phenomena of alginate/PVA membrane for DMFC applications
Authors: Musa Maryam Taufiq , Shaari Norazuwana , Kamarudin Siti Kartom , Yin Wong Wai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolymer electrolyte membrane that has high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability are necessary for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). A sodium alginate (SA)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/montmorillonite (MMT)/graphene oxide (GO) quaternary composite membrane was effectively developed in this study. The homogeneous distribution of MMT and GO nanosheets in the SA/PVA/MMT/GO composite membrane was exhibited by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Intriguingly, it has been established that the SA/PVA membrane contains chemical crosslinks between MMT and GO, which significantly contribute to the rise in proton conductivity. The SA/PVA/MMT/GO hybrid membrane has minimum loss modulus of 47.91% and storage modulus of up to 2.689 × 109 Pa, which are 3.8 times greater than those of SA/PVA‐MMT membrane without GO. This value indicates the viscosity and elasticity of the produced membrane. The quaternary composite membrane also exhibits outstanding oxidative stability and methanol barrier characteristics. The methanol permeability of SA/PVA/MMT/GO films 0.524 × 10−9 cm2 s−1, with methanol absorption as low as 9.72%. The best membrane performs at a high‐power density (1.761 mW/cm2) of DMFC at a GO content of 1.3 wt% because it obtains the maximum selectivity value (7.0529 × 106 S scm−3). Future commercial membranes may be replaced by the innovative quaternary membrane created in this work, which has significant potential.
Graphene stripping, a convenient and environmentally friendly technology for the preparation of polyurethane/graphene nanocomposites as a new type of highly wear‐resistant materials
Authors: Su Xingrui , Lai Shuangxin , Yang Shuangqiao , Bai Yuanzhang , Bai Xuemei , Bai Shibing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) has excellent wear resistance properties. Graphene can further improve the friction and wear performance of TPU. However, the agglomeration of graphene in the matrix is still a serious problem. In this study, the solid‐state shear milling technology (S3M) was used to prepare the composite material with graphene stripped and dispersed in TPU. It was found that the graphene sheets were uniformly distributed in the polyurethane matrix, and the thickness of the graphene sheets was reduced from 40 to 2 nm. The mechanical strength increased from 18.4 to 23.3 MPa, an increase of 30%, and under the same conditions, the friction coefficient is reduced from 0.7 to 0.5, and the wear rate is reduced from 10.73% to 0.62%. From these results, the additive dispersion effect of silicone oil and liquid paraffin in the composite material was also investigated. The results showed that the friction coefficient was reduced from 2.0 to 1.0 because of the good lubricating effect of liquid paraffin, whereas silicone oil aggravated the agglomeration phenomenon of graphene and worsened the friction and wear properties.
Neuroprotective effect of Potentilla reptans L. root in the rat brain global ischemia/reperfusion model
Authors: Noorgaldi Soraya , Sarkala Hamzeh Badeli , Enayati Ayesheh , Khori Vahid , Zengin Gökhan , Jahanshahi Mehrdad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStroke is the most common cause of death among neurological diseases. The protective effects of Potentilla reptans L. include antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. In this study, the brain protection and beta‐amyloid effects of P. reptans root extract were investigated in the rat brain ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8), including IR, sham, and three groups receiving P. reptans with concentrations of 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 (g/kg/b.w.), which were injected daily for 7 days. For the IR model, the common carotid artery was occluded bilaterally for 8 min. All injections were intraperitoneal (IP). The shuttle box test was used to measure passive avoidance memory. Then the brain tissue was extracted for the histological examination of neuron counts and β‐amyloid plaques using a morphometric technique, and finally, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software was used for statistical analysis of the data. Pretreatment with P. reptans improved memory impairment. Also, by examining the tissues of the CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus areas of the hippocampus, it was observed that the number of plaques in the groups receiving P. reptans extract was reduced compared to the IR group, especially at the concentration of 0.05 g/kg/b.w. Also, P. reptans improved the number of neurons at all concentrations, in which the concentration of 0.05 g/kg/b.w. showed more effective therapeutic results. Taken together, we found that P. reptans root extract has beneficial effects on memory impairment, neuronal loss, and β‐amyloid accumulation.
Regional observability of Caputo semilinear fractional systems
Authors: Khalid Zguaid , Fatima Zahrae El Alaoui , Ali Boutoulout 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article studies the problem of regional observability of an important class of time‐fractional evolution systems involving the Caputo time‐fractional derivative. The main goal here is to check the regional observability of the considered system in the desired subregion,
, of the evolution domain,
. We assume that the linear part of the studied system is approximately regionally observable in the desired subregion
, and we add some reasonable hypotheses on the system's dynamic,
, as well as on the nonlinear operator
. Then, with the help of all these assumptions, we attempt to reconstruct the initial state of our system in the desired subregion
. To do that, we propose an extension of the Hilbert uniqueness method (HUM) to semilinear fractional systems. The main advantage of the HUM approach is that it transforms the reconstruction problem into a solvability one, which is more practical. We also present an algorithm for reconstructing the initial state in
, which leads to some successful numerical simulations.
Improving the electrochemical performance of lithium‐ion battery using silica/carbon anode through prelithiation techniques
Authors: Nguyen Thi Xuan My , Le Kha Minh , Phung Quan , Truong Duc Quang , Nguyen Hoang Van , Nguyen Quynh Nhu , Huynh Tuyen Thi Kim , Pham Liem Thanh , Van Man Tran , Le Phung My Loan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work focuses on the two most common techniques, including the direct contact method (CM) and the electrochemical method (EM) in the half‐cell applied for the SiO2/C anode. After the prelithiation process, the anodes would be assembled in the coin cells paired with NMC622 cathode. According to electrochemical performance, prelithiation techniques could strengthen the initial discharged capacity and Coulombic efficiency. While the nonprelithiated sample exhibits a poor discharged capacity of 48.43 mAh·g−1 and low Coulombic efficiency of 87.41% in the first cycle, the CM and EM methods illustrated a better battery performance. Specifically, the EM4C exhibited a higher initial discharged capacity and Coulombic efficiency (137.06 mAh·g−1 and 95.82%, respectively) compared to the CM30 (99.08 mAh·g−1 and 93.23%, respectively). As a result, this research hopes to bring some remarkable information to improve full‐cell properties using SiO2/C as an anode material by the prelithiation method.
A simple, efficient, fluorine‐free synthesis method of MXene/Ti3C2Tx anode through molten salt etching for sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Hu Wei , Yang Mingcong , Fan Tieyan , Li Zhuanxia , Wang Yang , Li Hengzheng , Zhu Guang , Li Jun , Jin Huile , Yu Lianghao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMXenes are mentioned in many applications due to their unique properties. However, the traditional etching method has a lengthy synthesis time, dangerous process, and high cost. Molten salt etching is not only short in time but also safe and simple, laying a good foundation for industrialization. Here, we compare the traditional F‐containing etching method with the molten salt etching method. Transmission electron microscopy elemental mapping images and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the Ti3C2Tx surface end of traditional etching is terminated by –F, while the Ti3C2Tx surface end of molten salt etching is terminated by –Cl. Finally, the sodium‐ion batteries are fabricated and the performance difference of the three etching methods is compared. The results show that the capacity of 102.1 mAh g–1 can still be reached when the molten salt etching MXene material returns to 0.1 A g–1 after the current density of 5 A g–1. After 500 cycles at 1 A g–1, there is no significant loss of capacity and the Coulomb efficiency is close to 100%. This work describes that molten salt etching MXene has comparable sodium storage capacity to conventional F‐containing etched MXene, making it a potential candidate for the production of large‐scale sodium‐ion batteries.
The microRNAs (miRs) overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy in neurological disorders; hope or hype
Authors: Shelash Al‐Hawary Sulieman Ibraheem , Yahya Ali Anas , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Margiana Ria , Maksuda Ilyasovna Shamsutdinova , Ramadan Montather F. , Almalki Sami G. , Alwave Marim , Alkhayyat Safa , Alsalamy Ali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAltered expression of multiple miRNAs was found to be extensively involved in the pathogenesis of different neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. One of the biggest concerns within gene‐based therapy is the delivery of the therapeutic microRNAs to the intended place, which is obligated to surpass the biological barriers without undergoing degradation in the bloodstream or renal excretion. Hence, the delivery of modified and unmodified miRNA molecules using excellent vehicles is required. In this light, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted increasing attention. The MSCs can be genetically modified to express or overexpress a particular microRNA aimed with promote neurogenesis and neuroprotection. The current review has focused on the therapeutic capabilities of microRNAs‐overexpressing MSCs to ameliorate functional deficits in neurological conditions.
First‐line nivolumab, paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab for advanced non‐squamous non‐small cell lung cancer: Updated survival analysis of the ONO‐4538‐52/TASUKI‐52 randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Hye Ryun , Sugawara Shunichi , Lee Jong‐Seok , Kang Jin‐Hyoung , Inui Naoki , Hida Toyoaki , Lee Ki Hyeong , Yoshida Tatsuya , Tanaka Hiroshi , Yang Cheng‐Ta , Nishio Makoto , Ohe Yuichiro , Tamura Tomohide , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Yu Chong‐Jen , Akamatsu Hiroaki , Takahashi Shigeru , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundONO‐4538‐52/TASUKI‐52 was performed in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan to determine the oncological effectiveness and safety of combining nivolumab or placebo with bevacizumab plus platinum chemotherapy for the initial (first‐line) treatment of patients with advanced non‐squamous non‐small cell lung cancer (nsNSCLC). At the interim analysis (minimum follow‐up, 7.4 months), the independent radiology review committee‐assessed progression‐free survival was significantly longer in the nivolumab arm, but overall survival (OS) data were immature.MethodsHere, we present the updated OS data. Patients with treatment‐naïve stage IIIB/IV or recurrent nsNSCLC without driver mutations in ALK, EGFR, or ROS1, were randomized 1:1 to receive either nivolumab or placebo. Patients in both arms received paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab, administered 3‐weekly for a maximum of 6 cycles. Nivolumab/placebo and bevacizumab were subsequently continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.ResultsOverall, 550 patients were randomized. At the time of the analysis (minimum follow‐up: 19.4 months), the median OS was longer in the nivolumab arm than in the placebo arm (30.8 vs. 24.7 months; hazard ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval 0.58–0.94). The 12‐month OS rates were 81.3% vs. 76.3% in the nivolumab vs. placebo arms, respectively. The respective 18‐month OS rates were 69.0% vs. 61.9%.ConclusionNivolumab plus platinum chemotherapy and bevacizumab demonstrated longer OS vs. the placebo combination. We believe this regimen is viable as a standard, first‐line treatment for patients with advanced nsNSCLC without driver mutations in ALK, EGFR, or ROS1.
Overexpression of POFUT1 promotes malignant phenotype and mediates perineural invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Barlak Neslisah , Kusdemir Gulnur , Gumus Rasim , Gundogdu Betul , Sahin Mehmet Hakan , Tatar Arzu , Ittmann Michael , Karatas Omer Faruk 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive neoplasms, which requires more effective prevention and treatment modalities. Previous studies found that protein O‐fucosyltransferase 1 (POFUT1) upregulation promotes carcinogenesis, although the potential roles, underlying molecular mechanisms, and biological implications of POFUT1 in HNSCC were not investigated. In this study, in silico analyses referred POFUT1 as a potential oncogene in HNSCC. Further analysis of tumor and normal tissue samples as well as HNSCC cells with quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry showed significant overexpression of POFUT1 in HNSCC clinical tumor tissue specimens and cell lines compared to corresponding controls. In vitro investigations revealed that overexpression of POFUT1 promoted phenotypes associated with cancer aggressiveness and its knockdown in HNSCC cells suppressed those phenotypes. Further xenograft experiments demonstrated that POFUT1 is an oncogene in vivo for HNSCC. Immunohistochemical analysis with human clinical samples and cancer cell‐dorsal root ganglion ex‐vivo coculture model showed that deregulation of POFUT1 is involved in the perineural invasion of HNSCC cells. These results suggest POFUT1 expression as a potential prognostic marker for patients with head and neck cancer and highlight its potential as a target for HNSCC therapy, although more molecular clues are needed to better define the functions of POFUT1 related to HNSCC carcinogenesis.
Solid‐State Electrolyte‐Based Electrochemical Conversion of Carbon Dioxide: Progress and Opportunities
Authors: Luthfiah Annisa , Lee Chan Woo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResearch on electrocatalytic CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR) has been growing rapidly owing to the urgent requirement of sustainable renewable energy. However, several obstacles hinder the application of liquid salt electrolytes in CO2RR, such as high costs, low concentrations of the product, and low purity due to the separation process of the product. Solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) have been introduced as viable alternatives to liquid electrolytes and their salts to address this challenge. Here, we summarize the recently demonstrated studies and opportunities related to catholyte‐free CO2RR using SSEs. The recent studies are classified based on the product, including the CO2RR electrolyzer performance. Different SSEs are briefly discussed to highlight the new opportunities in CO2RR application. We also describe the basic operation parameter of the catholyte‐free CO2RR using SSE, which has been studied before as the key variable of the reactor. This review provides insights on minimizing the use of salt electrolytes for CO2RR and reveal opportunities for using this technique to improve the efficiency of CO2RR on a large scale. The exploration of utilizing solid‐state electrolytes (SSE) on a scale‐up production has been pursued to showcase their viability in integrating them into commercial CO2RR technology.
Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural: Advancements in Heterogeneous Catalysts and Cutting‐Edge Hydrolysis Strategies
Authors: Rezayan Armin , Zhang Yongsheng , Li Baojun , Xu Chunbao Charles 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe catalytic conversion of lignocellulose‐derived carbohydrates, particularly cellulose, into 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), holds significant potential as a crucial step in the sustainable production of valuable platform chemicals. This review presents the remarkable progress made in the field, with a specific emphasis on the role of heterogeneous catalysts, innovative methods for accelerating cellulose hydrolysis, and the design of flow reactor technologies. The distinctive properties and surface functionalities of catalysts facilitate the efficient breakdown of cellulose's intricate structure, thereby promoting selective hydrolysis leading to HMF formation. Therefore, this review comprehensively examines various categories of heterogeneous catalysts, including metal oxides/phosphates, zeolites, functionalized silica/carbon‐based materials, heteropolyacids (HPAs), and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), highlighting their unique mechanisms and performance in cellulose conversion. Furthermore, the review describes the intriguing progress in hydrolysis strategies (pretreatment techniques and advanced heating systems) that have been crucially involved in overcoming the challenges associated with cellulose recalcitrance and achieving enhanced HMF yields. The synergistic interactions between catalysts and innovative hydrolysis methods have played a central role in the breakthroughs within cellulose conversion technology. Another aspect covered in this work is the advancement in using fixed‐/fluidized‐bed reactors and slug microreactors for the continuous production of HMF. Lastly, the current challenges and future perspectives are presented to propose the dilemma and development direction for efficient cellulose‐to‐HMF conversion.
Synthesis of Phase‐Selective Ionic Liquid Gels and Application to the Synthesis of Ethyl Acetate
Authors: Liu Huiru , Xie Ruixue , Xu Zhice 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNovel and environment‐friendly ionic liquid gels (ILG) were synthesized based on polymers, phenylboronic acid, and [BMIM]HSO4, in order to solve the problems in esterification, such as poor selectivity, difficult separation of product and catalyst, and catalyst recycling. The stability and structures of the ILG were characterized by rheology, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and energy calculation. The solubility data proved that the ILG had phase selectivity, which could enable a homogeneous reaction. The synthesis of ethyl acetate was chosen to evaluate the catalytic activity, with the product yields being higher than 80 %. The catalyst could be recycled directly, without any post‐treatment. Thus, the ILG could enhance the industrial application of esterification.
ZIF‐8 Incorporated in an Optimized Pebax®1657/PES Membrane for Pure and Mixed CO2/CH4 Gas Separation
Authors: Mosleh Samira , Mozdianfard Mohammad Reza , Khanbabaei Ghader 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSynthesized ZIF‐8 (zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8) nanoparticles were embedded in Pebax®1657/polyethersulfone (PES) to construct a mixed‐matrix membrane. The membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile tests. The separation performance of CO2 from CH4 and N2 was also measured at feed pressures of 4, 8, and 12 bar at room temperature. The results indicated that adding nanoparticles and glassy polymer into the Pebax®1657 matrix led to improved thermal and mechanical stabilities of the membrane and an 88 % increase in CO2 permeance (at 30 wt % ZIF‐8 in Pebax®1657/PES‐10 %). The Pebax®1657/PES/ZIF‐8 membrane exceeded Robeson's trade‐off upper bound.
A Combination of B‐ and N‐Doped π‐Systems Enabling Systematic Tuning of Electronic Structures and Properties
Authors: Sun Wenting , Yang Yue , Tian Xinyu , Yuan Liuzhong , Wang Yue , Dou Chuandong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDoping heteroatoms into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may alter their structures and thereby physical properties. This study reports the construction of B/N‐codoped PAHs via combining the B‐ and N‐doped π‐systems. Two π‐extended B/N‐codoped PAHs were synthesized through the Mallory photoreaction. Both feature a C48BN2 π‐skeleton, which is assembled by linearly fusing three substructures including B‐doped and sp2‐hybridized N‐doped π‐moieties and one pyrene unit. In comparison to the pristine B‐doped analog, their intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) states are distinctly modulated by the fused N‐doped π‐system and the further incorporated cyano group, leading to their tunable optical properties, as revealed by detailed theoretical and experimental analysis. Furthermore, these three molecules have sufficient Lewis acidity and can coordinate with Lewis base to form Lewis acid‐base adducts, and notably, such intermolecular complexation can further dynamically modulate their ICT transitions and thereby photophysical properties, such as producing blue, green and red fluorescence.
Blockchain assisted encryption scheme for intellectual share estimation using medical research data
Authors: Diwan Princy , Kashyap Ramgopal , Khandelwal Brijesh 
Published: August 2023

SummaryRecently, blockchain utilization with advanced encryption and decryption has gained improved attention over diverse applications. Especially in the medical field, big data storage requires an effective medium for managing user data with high confidentiality. The existing research presents diverse encryption algorithms, but certain drawbacks include sensitive information leakage, ineffective data integrity verification, and increased computational cost and time. The proposed work develops an effective blockchain mechanism for secured data storage to conquer these limitations. This article secures the medical research data from different team members for intellectual share estimation. Initially, the registration process involves user details such as name, contact number, age and so on. Next, a digital signature is generated for every registered user using the SHA‐256 hash algorithm. During data uploading, the data is encrypted using elliptic curve Diffie Hellman encryption scheme to promote security. The audio and video files are stored in inter planetary file system, and texts are stored in the blockchain. The users can retrieve the stored data from the blockchain using the encryption key. The identities and associated public keys are verified using a smart contract to validate the user certificate. Next, a decision form is made to show the polling mechanism using item preference ranking for other users viewing the data. The proposed mechanism ensures intellectual shares for all the users associated with a specified project. The performances are analyzed using PYTHON, and the encryption time obtained in the proposed model is 0.85 s at 140 security bit level.