bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JWST and ALMA Imaging of Dust-obscured, Massive Substructures in a Typical z ∼ 3 Star-forming Disk Galaxy
Authors: Rujopakarn Wiphu , Williams Christina C. , Daddi Emanuele , Schramm Malte , Sun Fengwu , Alberts Stacey , Rieke George H. , Tan 谈 Qing-Hua 清华 , Tacchella Sandro , Giavalisco Mauro , Silverman John D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We present an identification of dust-attenuated star-forming galactic-disk substructures in a typical star-forming galaxy (SFG), UDF2, at z = 2.696. To date, substructures containing significant buildup of stellar mass and actively forming stars have yet to be found in typical (i.e., main-sequence) SFGs at z > 2. This is due to the strong dust attenuation common in massive galaxies at the epoch and the scarcity of high-resolution, high-sensitivity extinction-independent imaging. To search for disk substructures, we subtracted the central stellar-mass disk from the JWST/NIRCam rest-frame 1.2 μm image (0.″13 resolution) and subtracted, in the visibility plane, the central starburst disk from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) rest-frame 240 μm observations (0.″03 resolution). The residual images revealed substructures at rest-frame 1.2 μm colocated with those found at rest-frame 240 μm, ≃2 kpc away from the galactic center. The largest substructure contains ≃20% of the total stellar mass and ≃5% of the total star formation rate of the galaxy. While UDF2 exhibits a kinematically ordered velocity field of molecular gas consistent with a secularly evolving disk, more sensitive observations are required to characterize the nature and the origin of this substructure (spiral arms, minor merger, or other types of disk instabilities). UDF2 resides in an overdense region (N ≥ 4 massive galaxies within 70 kpc projected distance at z = 2.690–2.697) and the substructures may be associated with interaction-induced instabilities. Importantly, a statistical sample of such substructures identified with JWST and ALMA could play a key role in bridging the gap between the bulge-forming starburst and the rest of the galaxy.
Modeling the Transmission and Emission Spectra of K2-18b: Determining the Surfaces of Exoplanets with Hydrogen Dominated Atmospheres
Authors: Nicholson Lorraine , Hood Callie E. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Yu Xinting 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Exoplanets between the sizes of Earth and Neptune are abundant in the universe yet absent in our solar system. We do not know if these “sub-Neptune” planets have a surface or how deep their surfaces may be. Recent studies have shown atmospheric chemistry may reflect the surface depth of these planets. In this work, we aim to determine if future observations—at wavelengths and resolutions applicable to JWST—can determine the surface pressure of sub-Neptunes. We present model transmission and emission spectra of the canonical sub-Neptune K2-18b assuming four different surface pressures. The transmission spectra indicate the shallow surface (1 bar) is the most distinguishable from the deeper surfaces, with differences at 2, 4–5, and 10 μm. The emission spectra also show the shallow surface as most distinguishable, noticeably around 3–4 μm.
Cool Cores in Clusters of Galaxies in the Dark Energy Survey
Authors: Graham K. , O’Donnell J. , Silverstein M. M. , Eiger O. , Jeltema T. E. , Hollowood D. L. , Cross D. , Everett S. , Giles P. , Jobel J. , Laubner D. , McDaniel A. , Romer A. K. , Swart A. , Aguena M. , Allam S. , Alves O. , Brooks D. , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Costanzi M. , da Costa L. N. , Pereira M. E. S. , De Vicente J. , Desai S. , Dietrich J. P. , Doel P. , Ferrero I. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Hinton S. R. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Lahav O. , Marshall J. L. , Melchior P. , Mena-Fernández J. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Ogando R. L. C. , Palmese A. , Pieres A. , Malagón A. A. Plazas , Reil K. , Rodriguez-Monroy M. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Schubnell M. , Smith M. , Suchyta E. , Tarle G. , To C. , Weaverdyck N. ,   DES Collaboration
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We search for the presence of cool cores in optically selected galaxy clusters from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and investigate their prevalence as a function of redshift and cluster richness. Clusters were selected from the redMaPPer analysis of three years of DES observations that have archival Chandra X-ray observations, giving a sample of 99 clusters with a redshift range of 0.11 < z < 0.87 and a richness range of 25 < λ < 207. Using the X-ray data, the core temperature was compared to the outer temperature to identify clusters where the core temperature is a factor of 0.7 or less than the outer temperature. We found a cool core fraction of approximately 20% with no significant trend in the cool core fraction with either redshift or richness.
Cytotoxicity and Antitumor Activity of Arglabin and its Derivatives
Authors: Adekenov Sergazy , Spiwok Vojtech , Beutler John , Maslova Olga , Rakhimov Kairolla 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: At present, more than 8000 sesquiterpene lactones have been isolated and described from natural sources, a significant part of which has cytotoxicity and antitumor activity. One of the practically available sesquiterpene lactones is arglabin, which, as a renewable material, is used for the synthesis of new compounds. The article presents data on the study of cytotoxicity and antitumor activity of the arglabin and its derivatives using molecular modeling methods and, in the experiment in vitro and in vivo.
AIM: The aim of this work is to study the cytotoxicity and antitumor activity of new compounds based on the sesquiterpene lactone arglabin using molecular modeling and experimental pharmacology.
METHODS: ChemDraw programs and a set of AutoDock programs were used for computer simulation. Molecular docking was carried out using the Maestro graphical interface of the Schrödinger Suite software package (Schrödinger, LLC, New York, NY, 2017). Docking modes standard precision and XP (extra precision) were used. In in vitro experiments, the antitumor activity of compound samples was studied in models of 60 human tumor cell lines, and clonogenic C6 rat glioma cells. The antitumor activity of the samples was studied in experiments in vivo on white outbred rats with transplanted tumors and was evaluated by the inhibition of tumor growth and the magnitude of the increase in average life expectancy.
CONCLUSION: When studying the antitumor activity on 60 cell lines of tumor cells (NCI60), clonogenic cells of C6 rat glioma, a high antitumor activity of some arglabin derivatives was established. The connection between the structure of arglabin derivatives and their inhibitory effect on farnesyl protein transferase, topoisomerases -I and -II was studied.
Hybrid Concept Analysis: Peer Collaborative Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Simulation
Authors: Peng Ngo Thye , Barnes Roxie , Reising Deanna 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Nursing students collaborate and make clinical decisions in simulation scenarios. However, the literature does not clearly define the concept of peer collaborative clinical decision-making (PCCDM). This hybrid concept analysis explored and established the definition of PCCDM among nursing students in simulation.

Method:
A total of 19 articles were reviewed, and 11 dyads of nursing students were interviewed after participating in virtual reality simulation for their perspectives on PCCDM.

Results:
Five major themes were identified: group (1) communication; (2) awareness; (3) regulation; (4) reasoning; and (5) emotion. The conceptual definition of PCCDM is a dynamic, nonhierarchical, and group-level process of cognitive and socioemotional interactions among peers about a clinical situation that involves group communication, awareness, and regulation of reasoning and emotion within the collaborative space.

Conclusion:

This analysis provides a conceptual definition of PCCDM in nursing simulation as well as a pathway for developing a theoretical framework and instrument.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2023;62(5):269–277.]
Tabula Iliberritana: un decretum decurionum relativo a munificencia cívica ex testamento hallado en la villa de Los Mondragones (Granada)
Authors: Ventura Villanueva Ángel , Bustamante-Álvarez Macarena , Rodríguez Aguilera Ángel , Jódar Hódar Carmen , Rodríguez Aguilera Julia 
Published: May 2023

Damos a conocer dos inscripciones latinas fragmentarias aparecidas en contexto arqueológico doméstico: concretamente, una villa suburbana del entorno de Iliberri. La primera de ellas permite asociar esta propiedad con la familia senatorial de los Mummii Nigri. La segunda es un decreto decurional, el primero recuperado en Hispania, inscrito sobre tabla de bronce y relativo a una liberalidad post mortem, para con su patria, de un miembro de dicha familia en época adrianea.
Perception de la qualité de l’air urbain extérieur et information du public : retour sur l’application Air To Go
Authors: Herrmann Lou , Aschan-Leygonie Christina 
Published: May 2023

Les controverses citoyennes autour des mesures de la qualité de l’air sont fréquentes dans certains lieux et l’une des explications se trouve être les importants écarts entre ressentis et mesures de la qualité de l’air. Ces controverses témoignent de l’enjeu social et sanitaire lié à cette question et le fait que la pollution de l’air place les populations dans une « ambiguïté perceptive ». L’article interroge la place de la connaissance dans les mécanismes de perception de la qualité de l’air. Dans cette perspective, les Associations agréées de surveillance de la qualité de l'air (AASQA), doivent relever un défi de taille : traduire des connaissances scientifiques complexes en une information lisible et appropriable entrant parfois en contradiction avec les perceptions sensorielles. Suite à la création par Atmo Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes d’une application mobile, Air To Go, diffusant un indice quotidien de qualité de l’air géolocalisé à une échelle d’une précision de 10 mètres, nous nous intéressons à la façon dont l’accès à des informations à une échelle très précise modifie les représentations de la pollution en atténuant le filtre perceptif. Les résultats montrent la nécessité de nuancer l’influence du filtre perceptif sur les représentations de la pollution atmosphérique, à la fois pour améliorer la perception des risques, mais aussi pour changer in fine les comportements en termes d’exposition et d’émission de polluants.
(Bio)porodi rekk ? Structuration des savoirs paysans de protection des cultures et dépendance aux pesticides en maraîchage – Cas d’une commune maraîchère de la zone des Niayes (Sénégal)
Authors: Gaillard Baptiste 
Published: May 2023

Au Sénégal, le recours aux pesticides en maraîchage est une pratique généralisée et persistante. Cette situation est illustrée par la formule synthétique « porodi rekk » (« juste les pesticides » en wolof), par laquelle les maraîchers résument usuellement leur approche de la gestion des nuisibles. L’objectif de cet article est d’explorer les savoirs paysans de protection des cultures maraîchères, puis d’analyser la contribution de ces savoirs à la reproduction de la lutte chimique à l’échelle du secteur maraîcher sénégalais. Pour ce faire, le présent article analyse comment ces savoirs sont structurés par le réseau matériel et social qui leur est associé, et comment ces savoirs structurent à leur tour les pratiques des maraîchers. La méthode retenue a consisté en une étude de cas centrée sur une commune (anonymisée) de la zone des Niayes – principal bassin de production de légumes au Sénégal. Quarante-huit (48) entretiens semi-directifs ont été réalisés auprès de maraîchers et de revendeurs de pesticides, principalement, avant d’être analysés par codage inductif. Il ressort que les savoirs des maraîchers sont doublement structurés i) par leur mise en partage dans des réseaux informels de conseil et ii) une appréhension empirico-sensorielle des pesticides et de leur efficacité. Ce mode de structuration assure la production continue et incrémentale de savoirs de protection des cultures qui comportent i) une classification paysanne des pesticides, ii) une représentation dominante des causes des problèmes phytosanitaires, iii) une connaissance évolutive des traitements chimiques les plus efficaces – mais également iv) une large ignorance des risques occasionnés par la lutte chimique sur la santé et l’environnement. Finalement, le processus d’innovation en vigueur en matière de protection des cultures maraîchères – et le réseau matériel et social qui le sous-tend – assurent l’amélioration continue et la reproduction de la lutte chimique. Paradoxalement, la promotion des biopesticides ou traitements « bio », assurée par certains organismes et projets de développements, aggrave l’invisibilisation des rares savoirs paysans alternatifs. Au-delà du rôle des savoirs, la littérature suggère que la persistance de la lutte chimique au niveau du secteur maraîcher sénégalais découle plus généralement d’un triple verrouillage politico-institutionnel, technico-économique et socio-cognitif.
Évaluation des méthodes de classifications dirigées (spectrale et orientée objet) sur les images satellitaires à THRS
Authors: Akoguhi Patrice N’guessan , Dibi Hyppolite N’da , Godo Marc Houin , Adja Germain Miessan , Kouamé Fernand Koffi 
Published: May 2023

Cette étude se propose d’analyser les performances de la classification dite spectrale et de la classification dite orientée objet pour la cartographie du tissu urbain des communes de Cocody et d’Attécoubé, dans l’agglomération d’Abidjan en Côte d’Ivoire, à partir des images satellitaires à Très haute résolution spatiale (THRS). Ces deux techniques de classification ont été successivement appliquées à trois sites tests, à savoir une zone bien bâtie (ZBB), une zone à habitats précaires (ZHP) et une zone non bâtie (ZNB). Les résultats des deux traitements sont comparés afin d’analyser les performances. Il ressort de ces traitements que la classification orientée objet (COO) est mieux adaptée que la classification spectrale (CS) pour la cartographie des sites bâtis, car elle améliore la précision cartographique de 4,58%. Au niveau des sites à habitats précaires, les deux types de classifications affichent les précisions globales presque similaires : 89,59% pour la classification spectrale et 90,32% pour l’approche orientée objet. Concernant les terrains non bâtis, la CS est la mieux indiquée avec une amélioration globale de 8,22% par rapport à l’approche COO. En somme, la COO semble plus adaptée pour l’extraction d’unités cartographiques des sites bien structurés. Au fur et à mesure que le niveau d’organisation du site décroit, les performances de la COO baissent au profit de la CS.
Alcohol abuse in African traditional religion: Education and enlightenment as panacea for integration and development
Authors: Ekeke Emeka C. , John Elizabeth O. 
Published: May 2023

Alcoholism is endemic in Nigeria’s traditional religion and society. This abuse is especially common at New Yam festivals, Ekpe, Ekpo and Nmanwu masquerades festivals, burial rituals, birth, marriage and naming ceremonies. Some claim that this is driven by specific beliefs and activities in African culture, such as beliefs in ancestors, libation, hospitality and entertaining guests and strangers and the desire to maintain the cultural traditions of the ancestors. Alcohol abuse has generated major health and social issues for abusers, their families and society, plunging families, towns and tribes into crises and conflicts that bring economic and political retrogression. This research studied how the African traditional religion encourages alcohol misuse and how to decrease it for national development. This study was on Nigeria’s South-South region. The study uses qualitative and ethnographic research methodologies, including key informants, in-depth and focus group interviews and the reward deficiency syndrome as a theoretical framework. Although African Traditional Religion (ATR) supports alcohol usage, greed, a lack of self-control, peer pressure, indiscipline and lack of moral upbringing led to alcohol misuse, which harms the person, family, community and country as a whole. Education and enlightenment are a remedy to free alcoholics and utilise them for national integration and development.Contribution: Some say Africans drink a lot because their religious heritage promotes drinking, leading to abuse. However, peer pressure, selfishness, a lack of self-control, bad parenting and not religion push persons with reward deficiency syndrome into alcoholism, according to this research.
Association of Hematological Parameters (Mean Platelet Volume and Red Cell Distribution Width) with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Verma Sonika , Verma Manish , Khari Sunny 
Published: May 2023

Objectives:
We aimed to compare mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) values of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with the normal population and also assess the correlation of MPV and RDW with grades of NAFLD.

Methods:
An observational case–control study was conducted over a period of 21 months (November 2018–July 2020). Sixty-five patients with NAFLD and 65 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Demography, symptoms of the patients, and clinical investigations comprising hematological profile, liver enzyme tests, lipid profile, and viral markers were done. Ultrasound liver was done to assess the grading of NAFLD. The outcome measures were correlation between RDW, MPV, and NAFLD grade.

Results:
The median of RDW in cases was 14.5% which was significantly higher as compared to controls 12.4% (P < 0.05). The median MPV (μm3) in cases was significantly higher than controls (11.4 vs. 9, P < 0.05). The mean RDW (%) in Grade 3 was significantly higher as compared to Grade 2 and Grade 1 (17.04 vs. 14.63 vs. 12.95, P < 0.05). The mean MPV (μm3) in Grade 3 was significantly higher as compared to Grade 2 and Grade 1 (13.32 vs. 11.43 vs. 8.96, P < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was seen between grade of fatty liver with MPV (r = 0.908, P < 0.0001) and RDW (r = 0.892, P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Overall, our study results show increased MPV and RDW in cases as compared to controls with significant correlation with liver grade, suggesting that these markers can be used to assess the onset and severity of NAFLD.
Study on Drug-Induced Parkinsonism and its Clinical Patterns in Eastern Indian Population
Authors: Yadav Praveen Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is important as it is reversible if identified and treated early. We present herewith various clinical patterns and drugs commonly causing DIP.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study with done at the outpatient neurology services of Aarogyam Neuroclinic, from Durgapur, West Bengal, during January 1, 2021–July 31, 2021. In this study, consecutive patients satisfying the inclusion criteria for DIP were included in the study. The inclusion criteria were: 1. All patients with two of the four cardinal features of parkinsonism – bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural imbalance. 2. There should be a temporal relationship of intake of medications before the onset of symptoms. 3. Exclusion of other causes of parkinsonism. The age, sex, and other demographic characteristics of study population were studied. The pattern of parkinsonism – symmetric, asymmetric, tremor-dominant, or rigidity-dominant was noted.

Results:
Out of 52 patients studied, 34 (65.38%) were male and 18 (34.61%) were female. The most common age group involved was 60–70 years (30.76%), followed by 70–80 years (26.92%) and 50–60 years (19.23%). The mean age was 60.61 years with a standard deviation of 13.44 years. On analysis of the clinical patterns of parkinsonism, the most common type was tremor-dominant symmetric parkinsonism (53.84%), followed by asymmetric parkinsonism (25%) and akinetic-rigid parkinsonism (21.12%). Orofacial dyskinesias were seen in 17.3% along with parkinsonism. Common drugs associated with DIP were gastrointestinal motility agent levosulpiride (25%), calcium channel blockers such as flunarizine (19.23%), aripiprazole (11.53%), amisulpiride (7.69%), sodium valproate (7.69%), olanzapine (3.8%), and itopride, flupenthixol, and risperidone (1.72%). Forty patients were followed up for 6 months, of which, majority (50%) showed complete recovery, whereas 25% each showed partial or persistent symptoms.

Conclusion:
DIP is a common disorder with varied presentations. Early diagnosis is crucial for complete recovery.
An Observational Study to Evaluate the Relation Between Infarction Type, Site, and the Degree of Conductive System Damage
Authors: Sangeetha K. , Myilsamy S. , Vijayakumar Praveen , Periaswamy Panneerselvam 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus are all on the rise, and they are all significant risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD). The prevalence of risk factors for IHD is quickly growing in developing countries as a result of urbanization. Large rises in IHD are observed around the world, and IHD has overtaken cancer as the leading cause of death after 2020.

Materials and Methods:
This is a 6-month prospective observational research undertaken at a tertiary care hospital where the myocardial infarction (MI) patients admitted to the intensive coronary care unit were included in the study.

Results:
Atrioventricular (AV) block was absent in 178 of 200 patients with acute MI. AV block was found in 22 of the remaining cases. The following is the frequency of each form of AV block: 12 patients had type 1 AV block. In five of the cases, type 1, 3 transition was found. Type 2 AV block was found in two cases. In one case, there was a 2, 3 transition.

Conclusion:
Preventing conduction system block may require the effective management of hypertension and maintaining appropriate blood glucose levels.
Coverage of pretibial leg defects with a combination of geometry of random pattern flaps in a diabetic ischaemic leg - Is it possible to have no secondary donor site defects?
Authors: Narendra S. M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Coverage of leg defects with exposed bone, with long fasciocutaneous flaps, will almost always lead to the creation of secondary donor site, which requires to be covered with a skin graft harvested from the thigh, creating another wound, which will take 2–3 weeks to heal. Hence, to close and heal a defect, another wound is created, which is a liability for the patient, as there is no certainty that this created wound would heal without any complications. It would be ideal to cover pretibial defects with a flap without the creation of secondary donor site, as done in face and areas having good laxity of the skin. As there is no laxity of skin in a scarred, operated, ischaemic and diabetic leg, performing a flap without the creation of secondary donor site is very challenging.