bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uric acid promotes myocardial infarction injury via activating pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome and reactive oxygen species/transient receptor potential melastatin 2/Ca2+pathway
Authors: Wu Haiyun , Dai Ruozhu , Wang Min , Chen Chengbo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCardiomyocytes injury has been considered as a key contributor for myocardial infarction (MI). Uric acid (UA) can induce cardiomyocytes injury, which is closely related to NLRP3 activation and inflammatory factor generation. However, the mechanism how UA modulates cardiomyocytes remains elusive. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were applied for measuring protein and mRNA expression, respectively. ROS production and Ca2+ influx were measured by flow cytometry. Patch clamp technique was used for measuring transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channel. Ligation of left anterior descending for 2 h was performed to induce MI animal model. The rats were treated by different concentration of uric acid. The artery tissues were stained by HE and collected for measurement of NLRP3 and inflammatory factors. Supplementation of UA significantly promoted apoptosis, and augmented the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, chemoattractant protein-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and NLRP3 inflammasome. Knockdown of NLRP3 reversed the influence of UA on MI by decreasing collagen deposition, fibrotic area, apoptosis. The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome increased markedly after treatment of UA. UA activated ROS/TRPM2/Ca2+ pathway through targeting NLRP3. UA activated NLRP3 inflammasome and augments inflammatory factor production, which in turn exacerbates cardiomyocytes injury. Knockdown of NLRP3 reversed the influence of UA on apoptosis and cell cycle. UA may promote cardiomyocytes injury through activating NLRP3 inflammasome and ROS/TRPM2 channel/Ca2+ pathway.
Establishing machine learning models to predict the early risk of gastric cancer based on lifestyle factors
Authors: Afrash Mohammad Reza , Shafiee Mohsen , Kazemi-Arpanahi Hadi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Screening for gastric cancer greatly relies on endoscopy and pathology biopsy, which are invasive and pose financial burdens. Thus, the prevention of the disease by modifying lifestyle-related behaviors and dietary habits or even the prevention of risk factor formation is of great importance. This study aimed to construct an inexpensive, non-invasive, fast, and high-precision diagnostic model using six machine learning (ML) algorithms to classify patients at high or low risk of developing gastric cancer by analyzing individual lifestyle factors.

Methods
This retrospective study used the data of 2029 individuals from the gastric cancer database of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Abadan City, Iran. The data were randomly separated into training and test sets (ratio 0.7:0.3). Six ML methods, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machine (SVM) (linear kernel), SVM (RBF kernel), k-nearest neighbors (KNN) (K = 1, 3, 7, 9), random forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), were trained to construct prognostic models before and after performing the relief feature selection method. Finally, to evaluate the models’ performance, the metrics derived from the confusion matrix were calculated via a test split and cross-validation.

Results
This study found 11 important influence factors for the risk of gastric cancer, such as Helicobacter pylori infection, high salt intake, and chronic atrophic gastritis, among other factors. Comparisons indicated that the XGBoost had the best performance for the risk prediction of gastric cancer.

Conclusions
The results suggest that based on simple baseline patient data, the ML techniques have the potential to start the prescreening of gastric cancer and identify high-risk individuals who should proceed with invasive examinations. Our model could also considerably lessen the number of cases that need endoscopic surveillance. Future studies are required to validate the efficacy of the models in a larger and multicenter population.
Does illicit amphetamine seizures quantity associated with amphetamine use disorder related admissions in Saudi Arabia?
Authors: Ramadan Majed , Ghulam Enas , Alhusseini Noara 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Illicit amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) trafficking activities have increased substantially in Saudi Arabia over the last 10 years. In the period 2013–2017 Saudi Arabia seized the largest quantities of amphetamine at the global level. The current study examines whether the increased quantity of ATS seizures has an impact on amphetamine use disorder admissions.

Method
This is an ecological study combining two datasets, the first dataset was obtained from United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), and the Al-Amal Hospital Electronic Health Record System in the city of Dammam, Eastern region of Saudi Arabia from 2005 to 2018. The annual incidence of patients diagnosed with amphetamine use was the dependent variable. The independent variable was the annual reported count of seized quantities of ATS in Saudi Arabia. We used a random intercept Negative Binomial model to predict the yearly count of amphetamine use disorder admission rates.

Results
A total of 910 amphetamine disorder admission patients in Al-Amal rehabilitation and addiction center, and the quantity equivalent to 200 tons of ATS was seized from 2005 to 2018. The amphetamine disorder admission rate has increased from 1.33% in 2005 to 18.27% in 2018. For each one-unit increase in the amphetamine confiscated quantities, the amphetamine use disorder admission rate increased by 49 to 88%.

Conclusion
The current study found that reported amphetamine seized quantities were significantly and positively associated with the increase of amphetamine use disorder-related admission rates. In 2018, both ATS seized quantities and admission rates significantly increased, nearly doubling from the previous year. Rigorous, and multidisciplinary interventional studies to evaluate factors associated with increasing abuse of ATS should be a priority for policymakers and researchers in Saudi.
Long-term exposure to low-level arsenic in drinking water is associated with cause-specific mortality and hospitalization in the Mt. Amiata area (Tuscany, Italy)
Authors: Nuvolone Daniela , Stoppa Giorgia , Petri Davide , Voller Fabio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundArsenic in drinking water is a global public health concern. This study aims to investigate the association between chronic low-level exposure to arsenic in drinking water and health outcomes in the volcanic area of Mt. Amiata in Italy, using a residential cohort study design.MethodsChronic exposure to arsenic in drinking water was evaluated using monitoring data collected by the water supplier. A time-weighted average arsenic exposure was estimated for the period 2005–2010. The population-based cohort included people living in five municipalities in the Mt. Amiata area between 01/01/1998 and 31/12/2019. Residence addresses were georeferenced and each subject was matched with arsenic exposure and socio-economic status. Mortality and hospital discharge data were selected from administrative health databases. Cox proportional hazard models were used to test the associations between arsenic exposure and outcomes, with age as the temporal axis and adjusting for gender, socio-economic status and calendar period.ResultsThe residential cohort was composed of 30,910 subjects for a total of 407,213 person-years. Analyses reported risk increases associated with exposure to arsenic concentrations in drinking water > 10 µg/l for non-accidental mortality (HR = 1.07 95%CI:1.01–1.13) and malignant neoplasms in women (HR = 1.14 95%CI:0.97–1.35). Long-term exposure to arsenic concentrations > 10 µg/l resulted positively associated with several hospitalization outcomes: non-accidental causes (HR = 1.06 95%CI:1.03–1.09), malignant neoplasms (HR = 1.10 95%CI:1.02–1.19), lung cancer (HR = 1.85 95%CI:1.14–3.02) and breast cancer (HR = 1.23 95%CI:0.99–1.51), endocrine disorders (HR = 1.13 95%CI:1.02–1.26), cardiovascular (HR = 1.12 95%CI:1.06–1.18) and respiratory diseases (HR = 1.10 95%CI:1.03–1.18). Some risk excesses were also observed for an exposure to arsenic levels below the regulatory standard, with evidence of exposure-related trends.ConclusionsOur population-based cohort study in the volcanic area of Mt. Amiata showed that chronic exposure to arsenic concentrations in drinking water above the current regulatory limit was associated with a plurality of outcomes, in terms of both mortality and hospitalization. Moreover, some signs of associations emerge even at very low levels of exposure, ​​below the current regulatory limit, highlighting the need to monitor arsenic concentrations continuously and implement policies to reduce concentrations in the environment as far as possible.
The Seeking Mental Health Care model: prediction of help-seeking for depressive symptoms by stigma and mental illness representations
Authors: McLaren Thomas , Peter Lina-Jolien , Tomczyk Samuel , Muehlan Holger , Schomerus Georg , Schmidt Silke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Only about half the people with depression seek professional health care services. To constitute the different predictors and associating variables of health care utilisation, we model the process and aim to test our hypothesised Seeking Mental Health Care Model. The model includes empirical influences on the help-seeking process to predict actual behaviour and incorporates superordinate (stigma, treatment experiences) as well as intermediate attitudinal variables (continuum and causal beliefs, depression literacy and self-efficacy).

Method
All variables are examined in an online study (baseline, three- and six-month follow-up). The sample consisted of adults with depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 sum score ≥ 8), currently not receiving mental health care treatment. To examine the prediction of variables explaining help-seeking behaviour, a path model analysis was carried out (lavaan package, software R).

Results
Altogether, 1368 participants (Mage = 42.38, SDage = 15.22, 65.6% female) were included, 983 participating in at least one follow-up. Model fit was excellent (i.e., RMSEA = 0.059, CFI = 0.989), and the model confirmed most of the hypothesised predictions. Intermediary variables were significantly associated with stigma and experiences. Depression literacy (ß = .28), continuum beliefs (ß = .11) and openness to a balanced biopsychosocial causal model (ß = .21) significantly influenced self-identification (R2 = .35), which among the causal beliefs and self-efficacy influenced help-seeking intention (R2 = .10). Intention (ß = .40) prospectively predicted help-seeking behaviour (R2 = .16).

Conclusion
The Seeking Mental Health Care Model provides an empirically validated conceptualisation of the help-seeking process of people with untreated depressive symptoms as a comprehensive approach considering internal influences. Implications and open questions are discussed, e.g., regarding differentiated assessment of self-efficacy, usefulness of continuum beliefs and causal beliefs in anti-stigma work, and replication of the model for other mental illnesses.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00023557. Registered 11 December 2020. World Health Organization, Universal Trial Number: U1111–1264-9954. Registered 16 February 2021.
Willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among HIV positive men who have sex with men in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu Songjie , Zhu Shanhui , Yan Xumeng , Xu Yongshi , Xu Huifang , Yang Fang , Han Zhigang , Gu Yuzhou , Zhou Yi , Yang Zhengrong , Yang Huake , Shu Bo , Tang Weiming , Liang Ke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
People living with HIV(PLWH) are deemed more vulnerable to the SARS-CoV-2 infection than the uninfected population. Vaccination is an effective measure for COVID-19 control, yet, little knowledge exists about the willingness of men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in China to be vaccinated.

Methods
This cross-sectional study evaluated the willingness of MSM living with HIV to receive COVID-19 vaccination in six cities of Guangdong, China, from July to September 2020. Factors associated with willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination using multivariable logistic regression.

Results
In total, we recruited 944 HIV-positive MSM with a mean age of 29.2 ± 7.7 years. Of all participants, 92.4% of them were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants who were separated, divorced, or widowed (adjusted OR: 5.29, 95%CI: 1.02–27.48), had an annual income higher than 9,000 USD (adjusted OR: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.01–2.86), had ever taken an HIV self-test (adjusted OR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.07–2.95), had ever disclosed sexual orientation to a doctor/nurse (adjusted OR: 3.16, 95%CI: 1.33–7.50), had ever disclosed sexual orientation to others besides their male partners (adjusted OR: 2.18, 95%CI: 1.29–3.69) were more willing to receive the vaccine. Sex with a female partner in the past six months decreased the likelihood of willingness to receive the vaccine (adjusted OR: 0.40, 95%CI: 0.17–0.95). Economic burden, worry that my health condition could not bear the risk of receiving COVID-19 vaccines, and concern that the vaccination would affect the immune status and antiretroviral therapy were the main reasons for unwillingness to receive vaccination.

Conclusion
Our study showed that HIV-positive MSM had a high willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccination. Targeted interventions such as health education should be conducted among MSM with HIV infection to enhance COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Application of computer-aided design and 3D-printed template for accurate bone augmentation in the aesthetic region of anterior teeth
Authors: Liu Xin , Fang Zhou , Feng Jin , Yang Se-fei , Ren Yi-peng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the outcomes of bone augmentation in the aesthetic zone of the anterior teeth using computer-aided design and a 3D-printed template.

Methods
Ten patients with severe bone defects in the aesthetic zone of anterior teeth were included in the study; CT data were collected before surgery. The design of the osteotomy line in the bone defect area was determined under computer simulation. The position parameters and osteotomy line of the free bone were determined via virtual surgery. A 3D-printed template was prepared to guide the accurate placement of the bone graft. Reexamination was conducted to evaluate the position of the bone graft immediately after the operation and the resorbed capacity of the bone graft before implant restoration.

Results
The position of the bone graft was consistent with the preoperative design. The amount of bone graft resorbed was within the acceptable range three months after the operation, and the effect of implant restoration was satisfactory.

Clinical significance
Use of computer-aided design and a 3D-printed template can be an effective approach for accurate bone augmentation in the aesthetic zone of the anterior teeth.
Trajectories of quality of life in breast cancer survivors during the first year after treatment: a longitudinal study
Authors: Park Jin-Hee , Jung Yong Sik , Kim Ji Young , Bae Sun Hyoung 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Although quality of life (QOL) improves over time for most breast cancer patients after their treatment, some patients may show different patterns of QOL. Beyond determining distinct QOL trajectories, identifying characteristics of patients who have different trajectories can help identify breast cancer patients who may benefit from intervention. We aimed to identify trajectories of QOL in breast cancer patients for one year after the end of primary treatment, to determine the factors influencing these changes.

Methods
This longitudinal study recruited 140 breast cancer patients. Patients' QOL, symptom experience, self-efficacy, and social support were assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale-G, Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form, Self-Efficacy Scale for Self-Management of Breast Cancer, and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12. Data were collected immediately after the end of primary treatment (T1) and at three (T2), six (T3), and 12 months (T4) after primary treatment. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify distinct subgroups of patients with similar patterns of QOL change after treatment. A one-way analysis of variance was used to determine which variables were associated with trajectory membership. A multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with trajectory group membership.

Results
We analyzed 124 patients (mean age: 48.75 years). Latent class analysis of the QOL identified three trajectory groups: the low QOL group (n = 27; 21.1%), moderate QOL group (n = 57; 45.3%), and high QOL group (n = 40; 33.6%). The low QOL group showed consistently low QOL after the end of primary treatment, and the moderate QOL group showed a slight decrease in QOL from T1 to T3, which returned to the T1 level at T4. The high QOL group maintained a consistently high QOL. By multinomial logistic regression, psychological symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22–0.99) predicted a moderate QOL, and both psychological symptoms (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.07–0.51) and belonging support (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.06–2.39) predicted a high QOL.

Conclusion
Identifying high-risk groups for reduced QOL after the end of primary treatment is necessary. Moreover, psychosocial interventions should be provided to alleviate psychological symptoms and increase belonging support to enhance patients' QOL.
Trial registration Not registered.
Clinician and computer: a study on doctors’ perceptions of artificial intelligence in skeletal radiography
Authors: York Thomas James , Raj Siddarth , Ashdown Thomas , Jones Gareth 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Traumatic musculoskeletal injuries are a common presentation to emergency care, the first-line investigation often being plain radiography. The interpretation of this imaging frequently falls to less experienced clinicians despite well-established challenges in reporting. This study presents novel data of clinicians’ confidence in interpreting trauma radiographs, their perception of AI in healthcare, and their support for the development of systems applied to skeletal radiography.

Methods
A novel questionnaire was distributed through a network of collaborators to clinicians across the Southeast of England. Over a three-month period, responses were compiled into a database before undergoing statistical review.

Results
The responses of 297 participants were included. The mean self-assessed knowledge of AI in healthcare was 3.68 out of ten, with significantly higher knowledge reported by the most senior doctors (Specialty Trainee/Specialty Registrar or above = 4.88). 13.8% of participants reported an awareness of AI in their clinical practice.
Overall, participants indicated substantial favourability towards AI in healthcare (7.87) and in AI applied to skeletal radiography (7.75). There was a preference for a hypothetical system indicating positive findings rather than ruling as negative (7.26 vs 6.20).

Conclusions
This study identifies clear support, amongst a cross section of student and qualified doctors, for both the general use of AI technology in healthcare and in its application to skeletal radiography for trauma. The development of systems to address this demand appear well founded and popular. The engagement of a small but reticent minority should be sought, along with improving the wider education of doctors on AI.
The effect of blended task-oriented flipped classroom on the core competencies of undergraduate nursing students: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Ke Li , Xu Lanlan , Sun Li , Xiao Juan , Tao Lingxuan , Luo Yixue , Cao Qiongya , Li Yan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The flipped classroom (FC) method is becoming increasingly popular in China's nursing education. It is an important breakthrough improvement in the quality of learning in nursing education reforms.

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the effects of blended task-oriented flipped classroom (TFC) on nursing students undertaking the Fundamentals of Nursing course.

Methods
A pre-and post-test quasi-experimental design was adopted. This study was conducted in the Autumn semester, 2021 academic year in a Chinese university. Using cluster sampling technique, this study enrolled second-year undergraduate nursing students from six classess who were studying Fundamentals of Nursing course. A blended TFC was developed and implemented with three classes (experimental group: n = 152). In-class traditional lectures were applied to the other three classes (control group: n = 151). The Self-Directed Learning Instrument, Problem-Solving Inventory, and California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory were used to evaluate students’ learning outcomes, and final examinations were conducted at the end of after course. In addition, students in the flipped classroom group were required to answer five open-ended questions concerning their flipped classroom learning experiences.

Results
Students in the experimental group showed significant improvement in academic performance compared to those in the control group (p = 0.001). Considering total scale and factors, students in the experimental grouped recorded significantly higher scores in self-directed learning ability, problem-solving skills, and critical thinking ability compared to those in the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, improved abilities and skills such as team cooperation, communication, presentation, identifying /solving clinical problems, and accountability were reported.

Conclusion
A blended TFC teaching approach positively impacted students' core competencies and improved learning outcomes in the Fundamentals of Nursing course.