bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracing human life trajectory using gut microbial communities by context-aware deep learning
Authors: Zhang Haohong , Chong Hui , Yu Qingyang , Zha Yuguo , Cheng Mingyue , Ning Kang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The gut microbial communities are highly plastic throughout life, and the human gut microbial communities show spatial-temporal dynamic patterns at different life stages. However, the underlying association between gut microbial communities and time-related factors remains unclear. The lack of context-awareness, insufficient data, and the existence of batch effect are the three major issues, making the life trajection of the host based on gut microbial communities problematic. Here, we used a novel computational approach (microDELTA, microbial-based deep life trajectory) to track longitudinal human gut microbial communities’ alterations, which employs transfer learning for context-aware mining of gut microbial community dynamics at different life stages. Using an infant cohort, we demonstrated that microDELTA outperformed Neural Network for accurately predicting the age of infant with different delivery mode, especially for newborn infants of vaginal delivery with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of microDELTA and Neural Network at 0.811 and 0.436, respectively. In this context, we have discovered the influence of delivery mode on infant gut microbial communities. Along the human lifespan, we also applied microDELTA to a Chinese traveler cohort, a Hadza hunter-gatherer cohort and an elderly cohort. Results revealed the association between long-term dietary shifts during travel and adult gut microbial communities, the seasonal cycling of gut microbial communities for the Hadza hunter-gatherers, and the distinctive microbial pattern of elderly gut microbial communities. In summary, microDELTA can largely solve the issues in tracing the life trajectory of the human microbial communities and generate accurate and flexible models for a broad spectrum of microbial-based longitudinal researches.
Author reply to: Comment on: ‘Eczematous drug eruption in patients with psoriasis under anti-interleukin-17A: does interleukin-22 play a key role?’
Authors: Ruggiero Angelo , Megna Matteo , Caiazzo Giuseppina , Parisi Melania , Mascolo Massimo , Russo Daniela , Gallo Lucia , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Napolitano Maddalena , Patruno Cataldo 
Published: January 2023

Eczematous drug eruption during biological treatments represents novel and difficult-to-manage reactions, with a still unexplained pathogenesis
In patients treated with IL-17 inhibitors for psoriasis, eczematous drug eruptions skin lesions mainly express Th2/Th22 features, with a central role played by IL-22.
Interleukin-17A immune pattern across genetic acantholytic and blistering disorders
Authors: Haghighi Javid Asal , Li Donglin , Technau-Hafsi Kristin , Has Cristina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There is a high therapeutic need in acantholytic and blistering genodermatoses. Cutaneous inflammation is a reasonable therapeutic target, although the patterns are not yet fully elucidated. Here we investigated by immunohistochemistry whether interleukin (IL)-17A is expressed in the inflammatory infiltrate in 34 patients with Hailey–Hailey disease, Darier disease, and junctional and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. There was a 5–7-fold increase in the number of IL-17A-positive cells in all patients’ samples as compared with normal skin. IL-17A cells were present in epidermal acantholytic areas and dermal inflammatory infiltrates in Hailey–Hailey and Darier disease. In epidermolysis bullosa samples, positive cells were present at the dermoepidermal junction zone. The IL-17A inflammatory pattern was validated by observing upregulation of downstream genes/proteins, S100A7, S100A8 and S100A9 (S100 calcium-binding proteins). These results suggest that IL-17A contributes to skin inflammation and could be a therapeutic target during inflammatory flares in these disorders.
Liver disease among patients with psoriasis: the Malaysian Psoriasis Registry
Authors: Lim Y T , Robinson S , Tang M M ,   the Malaysian Psoriasis Registry Working Group
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Therapeutic options may be limited for patients with psoriasis who have concomitant liver disease (PsL).

Objectives
We aimed to report the frequency of liver disease among patients with psoriasis, and describe the clinical features, treatment modalities and quality of life.

Methods
This was a multicentre cross-sectional study of patients with psoriasis notified to the Malaysian Psoriasis Registry (MPR) from January 2007 to December 2018.

Results
Of 21 735 patients with psoriasis, 174 (0.8%) had liver disease. The three most common liver diseases were viral hepatitis (62.1%), fatty liver (14.4%) and liver cirrhosis (10.9%). The male-to-female ratio was 3.8 : 1. Mean age (SD) of onset of psoriasis was higher in those with liver disease vs. those without [37.25 years (13.47) vs. 33.26 years (16.96), P &lt; 0.001]. Patients with PsL, compared with those without liver disease, had a higher rate of dyslipidaemia (27.5% vs. 16.4%, P &lt; 0.001), hypertension (33.9% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.002), diabetes mellitus (22.4% vs. 15.9%, P = 0.021) and HIV infection (5.3% vs. 0.4%, P &lt; 0.001). Those with PsL were also more likely than those without liver disease to have severe disease [body surface area &gt; 10% and/or Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) &gt; 10] (59.3% vs. 49.9%, P = 0.027), psoriatic arthropathy (21.1% vs. 13.0%, P = 0.002) and nail involvement (78.2% vs. 56.1%, P &lt; 0.001). Also significantly higher in the group with PsL were the use of phototherapy (8.4% vs. 2.6%, P &lt; 0.001), acitretin (7.3% vs. 2.8%, P &lt; 0.001) and ciclosporin (3.0% vs. 0.7%, P &lt; 0.001). Mean DLQI was similar in both groups [9.69 (7.20) vs. 9.62 (6.75), P = 0.88].

Conclusions
The frequency of patients with PsL in the MPR was 0.8%. Patients with PsL were more likely to be male, had a higher rate of comorbidities, severe disease, and nail and joint involvement than those without liver disease.
Finerenone and effects on mortality in chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes: a FIDELITY analysis
Authors: Filippatos Gerasimos , Anker Stefan D , August Phyllis , Coats Andrew J S , Januzzi James L , Mankovsky Boris , Rossing Peter , Ruilope Luis M , Pitt Bertram , Sarafidis Pantelis , Teerlink John R , Kapelios Chris J , Gebel Martin , Brinker Meike , Joseph Amer , Lage Andrea , Bakris George , Agarwal Rajiv 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Aims
Finerenone reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated the causes of mortality in the FIDELITY population.

Methods and results
The FIDELITY prespecified pooled data analysis from FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD excluded patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Outcomes included intention-to-treat and prespecified on-treatment analyses of the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Of 13 026 patients [mean age, 64.8 years; mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 57.6 mL/min/1.73 m2], 99.8% were on renin–angiotensin system inhibitors. Finerenone reduced the incidence of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality vs. placebo (8.5% vs. 9.4% and 4.9% vs. 5.6%, respectively) and demonstrated significant on-treatment reductions [hazard ratio (HR), 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.70–0.96; P = 0.014 and HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.67–0.99; P = 0.040, respectively]. Cardiovascular-related mortality was most common, and finerenone lowered the incidence of sudden cardiac death vs. placebo [1.3% (incidence rate 0.44/100 patient-years) vs. 1.8% (0.58/100 patient-years), respectively; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.57–0.996; P = 0.046]. The effects of finerenone on mortality were similar across all Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes risk groups. Event probability with finerenone at 4 years was consistent irrespective of baseline urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, but seemingly more pronounced in patients with higher baseline eGFR.

Conclusion
In FIDELITY, finerenone significantly reduced the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality vs. placebo in patients with T2D across a broad spectrum of CKD stages while on treatment, as well as sudden cardiac death in the intention-to-treat population.

Clinical trials registration
FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, numbers NCT02540993 and NCT02545049, respectively (funded by Bayer AG).
Long-Run Effects of Aid: Forecasts and Evidence from Sierra Leone
Authors: Casey Katherine , Glennerster Rachel , Miguel Edward , Voors Maarten 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We evaluate the long-run effects of a decentralised approach to economic development called community-driven development—a prominent strategy for delivering foreign aid—by revisiting a randomised community-driven development program in Sierra Leone 11 years after launch. We estimate large persistent gains in local public goods and market activity, and modest positive effects on institutions. There is suggestive evidence that community-driven development may have slightly improved the communities’ response to the 2014 Ebola epidemic. We compare estimates to the forecasts of experts from Sierra Leone and abroad, working in policy and academia, and find that local policymakers are overly optimistic about the effectiveness of community-driven development.
Investigator-reported ventricular arrhythmias and mortality in heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Curtain James P , Adamson Carly , Kondo Toru , Butt Jawad Haider , Desai Akshay S , Zannad Faiez , Rouleau Jean L , Rohde Luis E , Kober Lars , Anand Inder S , van Veldhuisen Dirk J , Zile Michael R , Lefkowitz Martin P , Solomon Scott D , Packer Milton , Petrie Mark C , Jhund Pardeep S , McMurray John J V 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsFew reports have examined the incidence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) or their relationship with mortality in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Methods and resultsData from the PARAGON-HF, TOPCAT, I-Preserve, and CHARM-Preserved trials were merged. VT/VF, reported as adverse events, were identified. Patients who experienced VT/VF were compared with patients who did not. The relationship between VT/VF and mortality was examined in time-updated Cox proportional hazard regression models. Variables associated with VT/VF were examined in Cox proportional hazard regression models. The rate of VT/VF in patients with HFmrEF compared with patients with HFpEF was examined in a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Of 13 609 patients, over a median follow-up of 1170 days (interquartile range: 966–1451), 146 (1.1%) experienced an investigator-reported VT/VF (incidence rate 0.3 per 100 person-years). Patients who experienced VT/VF were more likely to be male, have had a myocardial infarction, poorer renal function, more adverse left ventricular remodelling, and higher N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) than patients who did not. Occurrence of VT/VF was associated with NT-proBNP, history of atrial fibrillation/flutter, male sex, lower ejection fraction, and history of hypertension. VT/VF was associated with all-cause death [adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 3.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.80–5.57; P &lt; 0.001] and cardiovascular death, driven by death from heart failure and not sudden death. Patients with HFmrEF had a higher rate of VT/VF than patients with HFpEF (adjusted HR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.77–2.71).ConclusionVT/VF was uncommon in patients with HFmrEF and HFpEF. However, such events were strongly associated with mortality and appear to be a marker of disease severity rather than risk of sudden death.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov unique identifier: NCT01920711(PARAGON-HF); NCT00094302 (TOPCAT); NCT00095238 (I-Preserve); NCT00634712 (CHARM-Preserved)
Show us the data: global COVID-19 wastewater monitoring efforts, equity, and gaps
Authors: Naughton Colleen C , Roman Fernando A , Alvarado Ana Grace F , Tariqi Arianna Q , Deeming Matthew A , Kadonsky Krystin F , Bibby Kyle , Bivins Aaron , Medema Gertjan , Ahmed Warish , Katsivelis Panagis , Allan Vajra , Sinclair Ryan , Rose Joan B 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A year since the declaration of the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there were over 110 million cases and 2.5 million deaths. Learning from methods to track community spread of other viruses such as poliovirus, environmental virologists and those in the wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) field quickly adapted their existing methods to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater. Unlike COVID-19 case and mortality data, there was not a global dashboard to track wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 RNA worldwide. This study provides a 1-year review of the “COVIDPoops19” global dashboard of universities, sites, and countries monitoring SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater. Methods to assemble the dashboard combined standard literature review, Google Form submissions, and daily, social media keyword searches. Over 200 universities, 1400 sites, and 55 countries with 59 dashboards monitored wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. However, monitoring was primarily in high-income countries (65%) with less access to this valuable tool in low- and middle-income countries (35%). Data were not widely shared publicly or accessible to researchers to further inform public health actions, perform meta-analysis, better coordinate, and determine equitable distribution of monitoring sites. For WBE to be used to its full potential during COVID-19 and beyond, show us the data.
Direct wastewater extraction as a simple and effective method for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and COVID-19 community-level monitoring
Authors: Lott Megan E J , Norfolk William A , Dailey Cody A , Foley Amelia M , Melendez-Declet Carolina , Robertson Megan J , Rathbun Stephen L , Lipp Erin K 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Wastewater surveillance has proven to be an effective tool to monitor the transmission and emergence of infectious agents at a community scale. Workflows for wastewater surveillance generally rely on concentration steps to increase the probability of detection of low-abundance targets, but preconcentration can substantially increase the time and cost of analyses while also introducing additional loss of target during processing. To address some of these issues, we conducted a longitudinal study implementing a simplified workflow for SARS-CoV-2 detection from wastewater, using a direct column-based extraction approach. Composite influent wastewater samples were collected weekly for 1 year between June 2020 and June 2021 in Athens-Clarke County, Georgia, USA. Bypassing any concentration step, low volumes (280 µl) of influent wastewater were extracted using a commercial kit, and immediately analyzed by RT-qPCR for the SARS-CoV-2 N1 and N2 gene targets. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was detected in 76% (193/254) of influent samples, and the recovery of the surrogate bovine coronavirus was 42% (IQR: 28%, 59%). N1 and N2 assay positivity, viral concentration, and flow-adjusted daily viral load correlated significantly with per-capita case reports of COVID-19 at the county-level (ρ = 0.69–0.82). To compensate for the method’s high limit of detection (approximately 106–107 copies l−1 in wastewater), we extracted multiple small-volume replicates of each wastewater sample. With this approach, we detected as few as five cases of COVID-19 per 100 000 individuals. These results indicate that a direct-extraction-based workflow for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance can provide informative and actionable results.
Real-world Comparative Effectiveness of Ustekinumab vs Anti-TNF in Crohn’s Disease With Propensity Score Adjustment: Induction Phase Results From the Prospective, Observational RUN-CD Study
Authors: Bokemeyer Bernd , Plachta-Danielzik Sandra , di Giuseppe Romina , Mohl Wolfgang , Teich Niels , Hoffstadt Martin , Schweitzer Axel , von der Ohe Manfred , Gauss Annika , Atreya Raja , Krause Thomas , Blumenstein Irina , Hartmann Petra , Schreiber Stefan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to randomized controlled trials (RCTs), real-world studies on the effectiveness of ustekinumab (UST) in Crohn’s disease (CD) are required inasmuch as RCTs are usually confined to selected patients, which may not represent everyday clinical practice. Within the framework of the prospective real-world RUN-CD registry, a total of approximately 900 CD patients from 44 inflammatory bowel disease centers from all over Germany starting a new therapy with UST or other biologics were screened for a real-world evidence (RWE) comparison of CD patients with UST vs antitumor necrosis factor (TNF).MethodsA total of 618 CD patients with a nonrandomized biological therapy were qualified for this induction phase effectiveness RUN-CD study of UST vs anti-TNF. To reduce selection bias in estimations of treatment effects, the propensity score with inverse probability of treatment weighting was implemented. The results were reported as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 339 UST and 279 anti-TNF patients were analyzed. The effectiveness of UST vs anti-TNF in terms of clinical remission (UST 65.4% vs anti-TNF 63.0%; OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.71-1.74) and steroid-free remission (UST 51.0% vs anti-TNF 53.8%; OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.60-1.47) was comparable at the end of induction therapy. Similar results were observed in the bio-naïve and bio-experienced UST vs anti-TNF groups. For both, the remission rates were higher in the bio-naïve than in the bio-experienced groups (P &lt; .05).ConclusionsIn this prospective, observational RUN-CD study, the RWE head-to-head comparison of UST vs anti-TNF showed similar induction effectiveness in both groups, remarkably higher than those found in prior RCTs.
Effect on microbial communities in apple orchard soil when exposed short-term to climate change abiotic factors and different orchard management practices
Authors: Cook Chris , Magan Naresh , Robinson-Boyer Louisa , Xu Xiangming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimWe assessed the effect of exposing apple orchard soil to different temperatures and CO2 levels on the resident microbiome of soils from a conventionally managed and an organically managed apple orchard. The key difference between these two orchards was that synthetic fertilizers and pesticides are routinely used in the former one.Methods and resultsTo investigate the effect of CO2 and temperature, soil samples from each site at two depths were exposed to either elevated temperature (29°C) at either 5000 or 10 000 ppm for five weeks or control conditions (25°C + 400 ppm). Both bacterial and fungal communities were profiled with amplicon-sequencing. The differences between the two orchards were the most significant factor affecting the bacterial and fungal communities, contributing to 53.7–14.0% of the variance in Bray–Curtis β diversity, respectively. Elevated CO2 concentration and increased temperature affected organic orchard microbial diversity more than the conventionally managed orchard. A number of candidate beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms had differential abundances when temperature and CO2 were elevated, but their effect on the plant is unclear.ConclusionsThis study has highlighted that microbial communities in bulk soils are most significantly influenced by crop management practices compared to the climate conditions used in the study. The studied climate conditions had a more limited effect on microbial community diversity in conventionally managed soil samples than in organically managed soils.
New families of cage-like structures based on Goldberg polyhedra with non-isolated pentagons
Authors: Rezaee Javan Anooshe , Liu Yuanpeng , Xie Yi Min 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA Goldberg polyhedron is a convex polyhedron made of hexagons and pentagons that have icosahedral rotational symmetry. Goldberg polyhedra have appeared frequently in art, architecture, and engineering. Some carbon fullerenes, inorganic cages, viruses, and proteins in nature exhibit the fundamental shapes of Goldberg polyhedra. According to Euler’s polyhedron formula, an icosahedral Goldberg polyhedron always has exactly 12 pentagons. In Goldberg polyhedra, all pentagons are surrounded by hexagons only—this is known as the isolated pentagon rule (IPR). This study systematically developed new families of cage-like structures derived from the initial topology of Goldberg polyhedra but with the 12 pentagons fused in five different arrangements and different densities of hexagonal faces. These families might be of great significance in biology and chemistry, where some non-IPR fullerenes have been created recently with chemical reactivity and properties markedly different from IPR fullerenes. Furthermore, this study has conducted an optimization for multiple objectives and constraints, such as equal edge length, equal area, planarity, and spherical shape. The optimized configurations are highly desirable for architectural applications, where a structure with a small number of different edge lengths and planar faces may significantly reduce the fabrication cost and enable the construction of surfaces with flat panels.
Longitudinal study on sexual function and quality of life in infertile couples undergoing intrauterine insemination
Authors: Lo Sue Seen-Tsing , Wong Grace Ching-Yin , Ng Ernest Hung-Yu , Chan Celia Hoi-Yan , Li Raymond Hang-Wun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCross-sectional studies have shown that sexual dysfunction and poor quality of life were prevalent among couples undergoing assisted reproduction at specific time points, but nothing is known about how these outcomes change over the course of their intrauterine insemination (IUI) journey.AimWe investigated the longitudinal changes in sexual function and quality of life of infertile couples undergoing IUI.MethodsSixty-six infertile couples completed an anonymous questionnaire at 3 time points: after IUI counseling (T1), 1 day before IUI (T2), and 2 weeks after IUI (T3). The questionnaire consisted of demographic data, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) or International Index of Erectile Function–5, and Fertility Quality of Life (FertiQoL).OutcomesDescriptive statistics, significance testing with the Friedman test, and post hoc analysis with the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to compare changes in sexual function and quality of life at different time points.ResultsOverall, 18 (26.1%), 16 (23.2%), and 12 (17.4%) women and 29 (42.0%), 37 (53.6%), and 31 (44.9%) men were at risk for sexual dysfunction at T1, T2, and T3, respectively. There were significant differences in mean FSFI scores in arousal (3.87, 4.06, 4.10) and orgasm (4.15, 4.24, 4.39) domains at T1, T2, and T3. After post hoc analysis, only the increase in mean orgasm FSFI scores between T1 and T3 was statistically significant. Men’s FertiQoL scores remained high during IUI (74.33-75.63 out of 100). Men also scored significantly higher than women on all FertiQoL domains except environment at the 3 time points. Post hoc analysis showed significant improvement in women’s FertiQoL domain scores between T1 and T2: mind-body, environment, treatment, and total. Women’s FertiQoL score at T2 for the treatment domain was also significantly higher than that at T3.Clinical ImplicationsMen should not be neglected during IUI as their erectile function got worse in the process, with half of the men being affected. Although women’s quality of life showed some improvement during IUI, most of their scores were lower than men’s.Strengths and LimitationsThe use of psychometrically validated questionnaires and a longitudinal approach are the major strengths; a small sample size and the lack of a dyadic approach are the major limitations.ConclusionDuring IUI, women’s sexual performance and quality of life improved. The proportion of men having erectile problems was high for this age group, but men’s FertiQoL scores remained good and were better than their partners’ throughout IUI.