bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collective dipole reorganization in magnetostructures
Authors: Wafflard Adrien , Vandewalle Nicolas , Opsomer Eric 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Neodymium spherical magnets are inexpensive objects that demonstrate how dipolar particles self-assemble into various structures ranging from 1D chains to 3D crystals. Assemblies of these magnets are nicknamed magnetostructures and this paper focuses on a variety called magnetotubes, which are some curved square lattices forming cylinders. We experimentally and numerically observe that such magnetotubes can self-buckle, above a critical aspect ratio. In fact, the underlying dipolar ordering of such structures is found to exhibit a collective reorganization, altering the mechanical stability of the entire system. We identify the conditions in which these phenomena occur, and we emphasize that metastable states coexist. This suggests that a wide variety of magnetostructures, including chains and magnetocrystals, may collapse due to the coexistence of multiple ground states and global reorientation of dipoles.
Tetromino tilings on the Tetris board*
Authors: Oh Seungsang , Yi Jaehwan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Tetrominos, comprised of four identical squares joined together along edges, have achieved substantial popular recognition as the elemental components of the widely known game, Tetris. In this paper, we present a recursive formula aimed at exact enumeration of tetromino tilings on a rectangular board with dimensions m × n. Furthermore, we modify the tiling criterion to mirror the Tetris gameplay, resulting in what we term Tetris tiling of height n. By employing this adjusted condition, we accurately calculate the total number of Tetris tilings. Additionally, the asymptotic behavior of the growth rate associated with the tetromino tiling is discussed.
A hyperchaotic image encryption algorithm based on LSTM neural network and lifting wavelet transform
Authors: Mao Ning , Tong Xiaojun , Zhang Miao , Wang Zhu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of simple permutation-diffusion structure, low encryption efficiency and small chaos range of existing chaotic systems, this paper proposes a hyperchaotic image encryption algorithm based on LSTM neural network and lifting wavelet transform. By building upon the Lorenz chaotic system, we construct a new hyperchaotic system in this paper, which has more complex dynamic characteristics and higher Lyapunov exponent. Then, the image is encrypted by lifting wavelet transform and zigzag conversion algorithm. Finally, the trained LSTM neural network is used to process the Henon chaotic sequence to obtain the second key for encryption, which can effectively resist chosen-plaintext attack. The experimental findings indicate that the proposed encryption algorithm has good performance in key security, differential attack, statistical analysis and operation efficiency, which indicates that the algorithm has high security.
Reversible room temperature ammonia sensor based on the synthesized MoS2/PANI nanocomposites
Authors: Ghaleghafi Elahe , Rahmani Mohammad Bagher 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Successful fabrication and optimization of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite-based room temperature ammonia sensors have been reported in this work. The hydrothermal technique was used to synthesize nanocomposites of MoS2 and PANI at different amounts of PANI. For this, the precursor values were changed by choosing three different values of 0.65 (MP1), 1.1 (MP2), and 2.2 (MP3) for the ammonium heptamolybdate/PANI weight ratio. Successful fabrication of nanocomposites was confirmed by Raman analysis and x-ray diffraction. According to FESEM images, MoS2/PANI nanocomposites have been composed of 1D-PANI nanofibers covered by 2D-MoS2 nanosheets and created a porous morphology that influenced their sensing characteristics significantly. The samples’ ability to detect ammonia at room temperature was examined by fabricating sensor devices using the synthesized MoS2, PANI, and nanocomposites. The fabricated sensor using MP2 showed much better gas-sensing properties than other samples. This sensor showed about 4.6 and 1.6 times higher response than pristine PANI and MoS2 sensors for 10 ppm of ammonia, respectively, with better selectivity toward ammonia than other gas species. This research shows that compositing PANI with MoS2 significantly improves the gas detection performance of MoS2.
3D MHD analysis of prototypical manifold for liquid metal blankets
Authors: Siriano Simone , Urgorri Fernando Roca , Tassone Alessandro , Caruso Gianfranco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The water-cooled lead lithium (WCLL) and the dual-cooled lead lithium (DCLL) are two of the breeding blanket (BB) concepts that the EUROfusion consortium is pursuing in the framework of the development of the fusion reactor industrial demonstrator DEMO. Both involve the use of a liquid metal (LM) as working fluid, the lead-lithium eutectic alloy (PbLi), due to its excellent thermal properties and the possibility to serve as both the blanket coolant and tritium breeder and carrier. Unfortunately, due to the high electrical conductivity of LMs, their motion is influenced by the magnetic field used in the reactor to confine the plasma, generating a complex phenomenology which is studied by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). In this work, a representative prototypical manifold of a BB bottom feeder is investigated for different configurations with the custom phiFoam solver, capable of simulating unsteady, incompressible and isothermal MHD flow. The aim of this study is to investigate which configuration minimizes the flow imbalance in the manifold for the WCLL or in the poloidal breeding zone channels for the DCLL. The distribution of the flow rate among the channels is strongly influenced by the position of the feeding pipe (FP) and by the development of the MHD internal layer near the expansion, which generates important jets close to the lower plate and the upper one, where the channels are attached. The channel aligned with the FP is the one carrying most of the flow, from 55% to 82%, while in the more distant one the flow is almost stagnant, carrying from 17% to 6% of the total flow rate. The total pressure loss is also estimated and its functional dependence on the manifold configuration is discussed.
Runaway electron mitigation with pulsed localized vertical magnetic field perturbation in ADITYA tokamak
Authors: Tanna R.L. , Patel S. , Ghosh J. , Chauhan Chetna , Amardas A. , Chattopadhyay P.K. , Jadeja K.A. , Joisa Y.S. , Nagora U.C. , Atrey P.K. , Chowdhuri M.B. , Manchanda R. , Saxena Y.C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To reduce the risk of severe damage to the vessel and inner peripherals of any tokamak and its safe operation, a robust technique for the mitigation of runaway electrons (REs) is required. The REs in ADITYA tokamak are effectively mitigated by an application of local vertical magnetic field (LVF) perturbation. The LVF perturbation is applied using a pair of electromagnetic coils placed at the top and bottom of the ADITYA vacuum vessel in a Helmholtz configuration at one toroidal location. Powered by a capacitor bank power supply, these coils can produce a localized vertical magnetic field at the plasma center in the range of ∼150 G–260 G for a variable duration of 5–20 ms. The LVF pulse is first applied at the breakdown/current-ramp phase, where the REs are generated in the discharges initiated by the conventional ohmic breakdown in ADITYA. With the application of LVF pulse the REs are significantly reduced as indicated by the reduction in the REs generated hard x-ray flux. It has been observed that to extract the REs efficiently, an LVF pulse of magnitude at least ∼1% of the toroidal magnetic field with a minimum duration of ∼5 ms should be applied. The LVF perturbation is applied at different times into the discharge, i.e. during the breakdown/current ramp-up phase and current flat-top phase. The REs are significantly reduced in all the phases and improved discharge consistency. The LVF acts as an error field and a short-pulse of the LVF influences the REs more in comparison to the thermal electrons due to the faster velocities of the REs.
Update on fish community in the mangrove ecosystems of Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia, with the addition of the first record of the genus Bostrychus
Authors: Hernawati R T , Wahyudewantoro G , Wibowo K , Rusdianto R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystem is one of the unique ecological niches and the ideal habitat for several groups of fishes. The total area of mangroves in Indonesia is estimated at 3,489,140.68 ha. Although many studies have been conducted, there are still many fish species of this ecosystem that have not been revealed. This study aims to determine the fish community in several mangrove hotspots in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. Specimen collection was carried out in May–June 2021 by using various fishing gears including hand net, seine net, and gill net. Water parameters, e.g., pH, salinity, and temperature, were also measured. This research has succeeded in collecting 31 fish species consisting of 20 families and 26 genera with a total of 145 individuals. Gobiidae and Butidae are the two most abundant families in term of number of species with 7 and 4 species, respectively. The remaining families each were represented by 1 species. Oryzias javanicus, Planiliza subviridis, and Ambassis macracanthus had the highest relative abundance values compared to other species. This study also found the first record for Bostrychus cf. scalaris from Indonesian water which B. scalaris was previously known only from Peninsular Malaysia.
Quality of riparian habitat and its influence on water quality in some ecosystems of waterfalls and springs in Bawean Island
Authors: Retnaningdyah C , Arisoesilaningsih E , Vidayanti V , Purnomo  , Burhanuddin A D , Febriansyah S C , Sa’adah U 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the quality of riparian habitats based on the index of riparian quality (QBR), quality of riparian tree vegetation (community structure and Naturalness index), and anthropogenic activity (Hemeroby Index) and their relationship to water quality in some waterfall and spring ecosystems on Bawean Island. This Ex Post Facto study was conducted on six waterfall ecosystems (Candi, Putri, Suwari, Talomon, Laccar and Kuduk Kuduk) and two spring water ecosystems (Kuduk Kuduk and Laccar). Analysis of riparian tree vegetation at each location was observed from three plots with size 50 x 50 m2. The physics chemical quality of water observed at each location included pH, dissolved oxygen/DO, total suspended solid/TSS, total Kjeldahl nitrogen/TKN, and biochemical oxygen demand/BOD. The results showed that the quality of the riparian habitat affected the water quality.
Heat kernels and Hardy spaces on non-tangentially accessible domains with applications to global regularity of inhomogeneous Dirichlet problems
Authors: Yang Sibei , Yang Dachun 
Published: June 2023

Let

n
≥
2

n\ge 2

and

Ω
\Omega

be a bounded non-tangentially accessible domain (for short, NTA domain) of

R

n

\mathbb {R}^n

. Assume that

L
D

L_D

is a second-order divergence form elliptic operator having real-valued, bounded, measurable coefficients on

L
2

(
Ω
)

L^2(\Omega )

with the Dirichlet boundary condition. The main aim of this article is threefold. First, the authors prove that the heat kernels

{

K
t

L
D

}

t
>
0

\{K_t^{L_D}\}_{t>0}

generated by

L
D

L_D

are Hölder continuous. Second, for any

p
∈
(
0
,
1
]

p\in (0,1]

, the authors introduce the ‘geometrical’ Hardy space

H
r
p

(
Ω
)

H^p_r(\Omega )

by restricting any element of the Hardy space

H
p

(

R

n

)

H^p(\mathbb {R}^n)

to

Ω
\Omega

and the authors show that, when

p
∈
(

n

n
+

δ
0

,
1
]

p\in (\frac {n}{n+\delta _0},1]

,

H
r
p

(
Ω
)
=

H
p

(
Ω
)
=

H

L
D

p

(
Ω
)

H^p_r(\Omega )=H^p(\Omega )=H^p_{L_D}(\Omega )

with equivalent quasi-norms, where

H
p

(
Ω
)

H^p(\Omega )

and

H

L
D

p

(
Ω
)

H^p_{L_D}(\Omega )

respectively denote the Hardy space on

Ω
\Omega

and the Hardy space associated with

L
D

L_D

and where

δ
0

∈
(
0
,
1
]

\delta _0\in (0,1]

is the critical index of the Hölder continuity for the kernels

{

K
t

L
D

}

t
>
0

\{K_t^{L_D}\}_{t>0}

. Third, as applications, the authors obtain the global gradient estimates in both

L
p

(
Ω
)

L^p(\Omega )

, with

p
∈
(
1
,

p
0

)

p\in (1,p_0)

, and

H
z
p

(
Ω
)

H^p_z(\Omega )

, with

p
∈
(

n

n
+
1

,
1
]

p\in (\frac {n}{n+1},1]

, for the inhomogeneous Dirichlet problem of second-order divergence form elliptic equations on bounded NTA domains, where

p
0

∈
(
2
,
∞
)

p_0\in (2,\infty )

is a constant depending only on

n
n

,

Ω
\Omega

, and the coefficient matrix of

L
D

L_D

. Here, the ‘geometrical’ Hardy space

H
z
p

(
Ω
)

H^p_z(\Omega )

is defined by restricting any element of the Hardy space

H
p

(

R

n

)

H^p(\mathbb {R}^n)

supported in

Ω
¯

\overline {\Omega }

to

Ω
\Omega

, where

Ω
¯

\overline {\Omega }

denotes the closure of

Ω
\Omega

in

R

n

\mathbb {R}^n

. It is worth pointing out that the range

p
∈
(
1
,

p
0

)

p\in (1,p_0)

for the global gradient estimate in the scale of Lebesgue spaces

L
p

(
Ω
)

L^p(\Omega )

is sharp and the above results are established without any additional assumptions on both the coefficient matrix of

L
D

L_D

and the domain

Ω
\Omega

.
Auxin transport at the endoplasmic reticulum: roles and structural similarity of PIN-FORMED and PIN-LIKES
Authors: Ung Kien Lam , Schulz Lukas , Kleine-Vehn Jürgen , Pedersen Bjørn Panyella , Hammes Ulrich Z 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Auxin is a crucial plant hormone that controls a multitude of developmental processes. The directional movement of auxin between cells is largely facilitated by canonical PIN-FORMED proteins in the plasma membrane. In contrast, non-canonical PIN-FORMED proteins and PIN-LIKES proteins appear to reside mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum. Despite recent progress in identifying the roles of the endoplasmic reticulum in cellular auxin responses, the transport dynamics of auxin at the endoplasmic reticulum are not well understood. PIN-LIKES are structurally related to PIN-FORMED proteins, and recently published structures of these transporters have provided new insights into PIN-FORMED proteins and PIN-LIKES function. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on PIN-FORMED proteins and PIN-LIKES in intracellular auxin transport. We discuss the physiological properties of the endoplasmic reticulum and the consequences for transport processes across the ER membrane. Finally, we highlight the emerging role of the endoplasmic reticulum in the dynamics of cellular auxin signalling and its impact on plant development.
Molecular, hormonal, and metabolic mechanisms of fruit set, the ovary-to-fruit transition, in horticultural crops
Authors: Ezura Kentaro , Nomura Yukako , Ariizumi Tohru 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fruit set is the process by which the ovary develops into a fruit and is an important factor in determining fruit yield. Fruit set is induced by two hormones, auxin and gibberellin, and the activation of their signaling pathways, partly by suppressing various negative regulators. Many studies have investigated the structural changes and gene networks in the ovary during fruit set, revealing the cytological and molecular mechanisms. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), SlIAA9 and SlDELLA/PROCERA act as auxin and gibberellin signaling repressors, respectively, and are important regulators of the activity of transcription factors and downstream gene expression involved in fruit set. Upon pollination, SlIAA9 and SlDELLA are degraded, which subsequently activates downstream cascades and mainly contributes to active cell division and cell elongation, respectively, in ovaries during fruit setting. According to current knowledge, the gibberellin pathway functions as the most downstream signal in fruit set induction, and therefore its role in fruit set has been extensively explored. Furthermore, multi-omics analysis has revealed the detailed dynamics of gene expression and metabolites downstream of gibberellins, highlighting the rapid activation of central carbon metabolism. This review will outline the relevant mechanisms at the molecular and metabolic levels during fruit set, particularly focusing on tomato.
Transgenic murine models for the study of drug hypersensitivity reactions linked to HLA-I molecules
Authors: Puig Montserrat , Norcross Michael A. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
Immune-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) can be life-threatening and an impediment to drug development. Mechanism of disease studies are difficult to perform in humans. Here we review human leukocyte antigens class I (HLA-I) transgenic murine models and highlight how these systems have helped to elucidate drug-specific and host immune factors that initiate, propagate and control severe drug toxicities to skin and liver.

Recent findings
HLA transgenic mice have been developed and used to study immune-mediated drug reactions in vitro and in vivo. CD8+ T cells from HLA-B∗57:01-expressing mice respond strongly to abacavir (ABC) in vitro but have self-limited responses to drug exposure in vivo. Immune tolerance can be overcome by depleting regulatory T cells (Treg) allowing antigen-presenting dendritic cells to express CD80/86 costimulatory molecules and signal through CD28 on the CD8+ T cell. Depletion of Treg also removes competition for interleukin 2 (IL-2) to allow T cell expansion and differentiation. Fine tuning of responses depends on inhibitory checkpoint molecules such as PD-1. Improved mouse models express only HLA in the absence of PD-1. These models show enhanced liver injury to flucloxacillin (FLX) which depends on drug priming, CD4+ T cell depletion, and lack of PD-1 expression. Drug-specific HLA-restricted cytotoxic CD8+ T cells can infiltrate the liver but are suppressed by Kupffer and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.

Summary
HLA-I transgenic mouse models are now available to study ABC, FLX and carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions. In vivo studies range from characterizing drug-antigen presentation, T cell activation, immune-regulatory molecules and cell-cell interaction pathways that are specifically involved in causing or controlling unwanted DHRs.
Accuracy of the hexapod external fixator in treating tibial angular deformities with or without limb length discrepancy: a retrospective study
Authors: Danişman Murat , Yilmaz Engin Türkay , Özdemir Erdi , Tuncay Ozan , Yilmaz Güney 
Published: June 2023

Objective
Hexapod external fixator systems allow simultaneous deformity correction in multiple planes as well as limb lengthening. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of a hexapod frame (smart correction frame) in different types of tibial deformities requiring correction with or without lengthening.

Methods
A total of 54 tibial angular deformities and limb length discrepancies operated with a hexapod frame between January 2015 and January 2021 were classified into four groups: “Group A (n = 13): only lengthening,” “Group B (n = 14): lengthening and uniplanar correction,” “Group C (n = 16): only uniplanar correction,” and “Group D (n = 11): biplanar correction.” The accuracy of angular deformity correction/lengthening was calculated by dividing the actual correction/lengthening achieved after frame removal by the preoperative planned lengthening/correction.

Results
The lengthening accuracy in Group A and Group B was 96.3 ± 7.1% and 95.7 ± 5.9%, respectively (P = 0.685). The angular deformity correction accuracy was 85.1 ± 9.9% for Group B, 85.2 ± 13.9% for Group C, and 80.2 ± 18.4% for Group D (P = 0.852). A revision program was performed in six cases (1 in Group B, 1 in Group C, and 4 in Group D) for full correction of the deformities.

Conclusion
The accuracy of tibial lengthening is high with the hexapod frame and is minimally affected by simultaneous deformity correction; however, the accuracy of angular correction slightly reduces as the deformity becomes more complex. Surgeons should be aware that reprogramming may be required after complex deformity correction.
Copper homeostasis dysregulation promoting cell damage and the association with liver diseases
Authors: Liu Tao , Liu Yali , Zhang Feiyu , Gao Yanhang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Copper plays an important role in many metabolic activities in the human body. Copper level in the human body is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Recent research on copper metabolism has revealed that copper dyshomeostasis can cause cell damage and induce or aggravate some diseases by affecting oxidative stress, proteasome, cuprotosis, and angiogenesis. The liver plays a central role in copper metabolism in the human body. Research conducted in recent years has unraveled the relationship between copper homeostasis and liver diseases. In this paper, we review the available evidence of the mechanism by which copper dyshomeostasis promotes cell damage and the development of liver diseases, and identify the future research priorities.
Neurobiology and long-term impact of bladder-filling pain in humans: a Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) research network study
Authors: Schrepf Andrew D. , Mawla Ishtiaq , Naliboff Bruce D. , Gallop Bob , Moldwin Robert M. , Tu Frank , Gupta Priyanka , Harte Steven , Krieger John N. , Yang Claire , Bradley Catherine , Rodriguez Larissa , Williams David , Magnotta Vincent , Ichesco Eric , Harris Richard E. , Clemens Quentin , Mullins Chris , Kutch Jason J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pain with bladder filling remains an unexplained clinical presentation with limited treatment options. Here, we aim to establish the clinical significance of bladder filling pain using a standardized test and the associated neural signature. We studied individuals diagnosed with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) recruited as part of the multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain (MAPP) study. Patients with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (N = 429) and pain-free controls (N = 72) underwent a test in which they consumed 350 mL of water and then reported pain across an hour-long period at baseline and 6 months. We used latent class trajectory models of these pain ratings to define UCPPS subtypes at both baseline and 6 months. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain postconsumption was used to examine neurobiologic differences between the subtypes. Healthcare utilization and symptom flare-ups were assessed over the following 18 months. Two distinct UCPPS subtypes were identified, one showing substantial pain related to bladder filling and another with little to no pain throughout the test. These distinct subtypes were seen at both baseline and 6 month timepoints. The UCPPS subtype with bladder-filling pain (BFP+) had altered morphology and increased functional activity in brain areas involved in sensory and pain processing. Bladder-filling pain positive status predicted increased symptom flare-ups and healthcare utilization over the subsequent 18 months when controlling for symptom severity and a self-reported history of bladder-filling pain. These results both highlight the importance of assessing bladder filling pain in heterogeneous populations and demonstrate that persistent bladder-filling pain profoundly affects the brain.