bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DAYA TARIK WISATA BUKIT HOLBUNG DI KABUPATEN SAMOSIR, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Sheila Vanessa Wella Bella May , Khairi Nurhafizhah , Elyanta Marciella 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan daya tarik wisata dan menyusun strategi pengembangan daya tarik wisata Bukit Holbung, Kabupaten Samosir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daya tarik wisata menurut teori Maryani (1991) secara keseluruhan sudah memenuhi kriteria sebagai suatu daya tarik wisata, dapat dibuktikan dengan adanya pemadangan Bukit Holbung yang indah dan memukau (what to see), atraksi wisata seperti: berkemah, fotografi, prewedding dan lokasi syuting (what to do), cinderamata hasil olahan UMKM yang ada di Desa Hariara Pohan (what to buy), aksesibilitas yang baik mencakup kondisi jalan, kemudahan transportasi dan keamanan menuju tempat wisata (what to arrived) dan homestay rumah adat yang memberikan pengalaman menginap berbeda (what to stay) namun masih terdapat beberapa hal yang perlu ditingkatkan yaitu penambahan atraksi baru dan cinderamata khas Bukit Holbung. Pengembangan daya tarik wisata Bukit Holbung di Kabupaten Samosir adalah atraksi wisata paralayang namun memiliki kendala yaitu keterbatasan tenaga kerja ahli. Daya tarik wisata Bukit Holbung di Kabupaten Samosir, Sumatera Utara memiliki kekuatan dan peluang yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ancaman dan kelemahan. Maka dari itu pengembangan daya tarik wisata Bukit Holbung lebih memfokuskan pada kekuatan dan peluang. Strategi yang berfokus pada kekuatan dan peluang yang dimiliki adalah growth oriented strategy.
Kata kunci : Bukit Holbung, Daya tarik wisata, Pengembangan
Evaluation of the quality of tour package services in Bukit Lawang
Authors: Sitorus Nova Bernedeta , Tampubolon Graceita Juliana 
Published: February 2025

This study aims to evaluate Bukit Lawang tour packages through qualitative methods by distributing questionnaires directly to tourists. The main focus is to analyze the level of tourist satisfaction with tour packages and the performance of Bukit Lawang as a tourism destination. The evaluation results show that Bukit Lawang tour packages have managed to achieve a high level of satisfaction, with around 94% of tourists satisfied with their experience. Factors such as the level of satisfaction of the tourist experience are the main reasons for visiting again and the Bukit Lawang area is clean, beautiful and still maintained. In addition, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Cartesius charts are used to evaluate the importance of these factors and the extent to which the tour package has met the expectations of tourists. The results of this analysis provide deep insight into the areas that need improvement in the development of tour packages. Although it has achieved a high level of satisfaction, this evaluation emphasizes the importance of continuous maintenance and improvement to maintain the attractiveness and quality of Bukit Lawang tour packages. This evaluation has an important impact in supporting the development and sustainability of tourism in Bukit Lawang.
Evaluation of PT Petrokimia Gresik's LONTAR Program With SROI (Social Return On Investment)
Authors: Aulya Aulya Mauizzati , Haryanti Agustin Dwi 
Published: February 2025

This study evaluates the LONTAR Program (Kelompok Jajanan Masyarakat Sekitar) by PT Petrokimia Gresik in 2023 using the Social Return On Investment (SROI) method. This program aims to empower MSMEs through skills training and free bazaar facilities. SROI analysis is carried out using the Present Value, Future Value, and Real Value approaches to measure social, economic, and environmental impacts. The results show SROI values of 2.20 (Present Value), 2.07 (Future Value), and 2.08 (Real Value), which means that every investment of IDR 1.00 generates a social return of IDR 2.20, IDR 2.07, and IDR 2.08. These findings indicate a positive and sustainable impact, especially in increasing the income and skills of MSMEs. The study recommends scaling up programs and ongoing training to maximize their impact, while encouraging the adoption of SROI methods in the evaluation of corporate social responsibility programs.
Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV MaStar: Quantification and Abatement of Interstellar Absorption in the Largest Empirical Stellar Spectral Library
Authors: Rubin Kate H. R. , Westfall Kyle B. , Maraston Claudia , Thomas Daniel , Yan Renbin , Howk J. Christopher , Aguirre Erick , Parker Kaelee S. , Law David R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We assess the impact of Ca ii
λ
λ3934, 3969 and Na i
λ
λ5891, 5897 absorption arising in the interstellar medium (ISM) on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar) and produce corrected spectroscopy for 80% of the 24,162-star catalog. We model the absorption strength of these transitions as a function of the stellar distance, Galactic latitude, and dust reddening based on high-spectral resolution studies. With this model, we identify 6342 MaStar stars that have negligible ISM absorption (W
ISM(Ca ii K) < 0.07 Å and W
ISM(Na i 5891) < 0.05 Å). For 12,110 of the remaining stars, we replace their Na i D profile (and their Ca ii profile for effective temperatures T
eff > 9000 K) with a coadded spectrum of low-ISM stars with similar T
eff, surface gravity, and metallicity. For 738 additional stars with T
eff > 9000 K, we replace these spectral regions with a matching ATLAS9-based BOSZ model. This results in a mean reduction in W(Ca ii K) (W(Na i D)) of 0.4–0.7 Å (0.6–1.1 Å) for hot stars (T
eff > 7610 K), and a mean reduction in W(Na i D) of 0.1–0.2 Å for cooler stars. We show that interstellar absorption in the simple stellar population (SSP) model spectra constructed from the original library artificially enhances W(Ca ii K) by ≳20% at young ages (<400 Myr); dramatically enhances the strength of stellar Na i D in starbursting systems (by ≳50%); and enhances stellar Na i D in older stellar populations (≳10 Gyr) by ≳10%. We provide SSP spectra constructed from the cleaned library and discuss the implications of these effects for stellar population synthesis analyses constraining the stellar age, [Na/Fe] abundance, and initial mass function.
ngVLA Synthetic Observations of Ionized Gas in Massive Protostars
Authors: Jáquez-Domínguez Jesús M. , Galván-Madrid Roberto , Trejo-Cruz Alfonso , Carrasco-González Carlos , Fritz Jacopo , Lizano Susana , Palau Aina , Izquierdo Andrés F. , Rodríguez Luis F. , Pasetto Alice , Kurtz Stanley , Peters Thomas , Jiménez-Andrade Eric F. , Zapata Luis A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Massive-star formation involves significant ionization in the innermost regions near the central object, such as gravitationally trapped H ii regions, jets, ionized disks, or winds. Resolved observations of the associated continuum and recombination line emission are crucial for guiding theory. The next-generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) will enable unprecedented observations of thermal emission with 1 mas resolution, providing a new perspective on massive-star formation at scales down to a few astronomical units at kiloparsec distances. This work presents synthetic interferometric ngVLA observations of the free–free continuum (93 GHz band), H41α, and H38α recombination lines from ionized jets and disks around massive protostars. Using the sf3dmodels Python package, we generate gas distributions based on analytical models, which are then processed through the RADMC-3D radiative transfer code. Our results indicate that the ngVLA can easily resolve, both spatially and spectrally, the ionized jet from a 15 M
⊙ protostar at 700 pc, distinguishing between collimated jets and wide-angle winds, and resolving their launching radii, widths, and any substructure down to a few astronomical units. Detailed studies of radio jets launched by massive protostars will be feasible up to distances of ​​​​​​∼2 kpc. Furthermore, ngVLA will be able to study in detail the ionized disks around massive (>10 M
⊙) protostars up to distances from 4 to 12 kpc, resolving their kinematics and enabling the measurement of their central masses across the Galaxy. These observations can be conducted with on-source integrations of only a few hours.
Chemistry of NH2CH2CH2OH and Its Related Species in the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Zhao Guoming , He Mingwei , Quan Donghui , Yang Xue , Chen Long-Fei , Li Dalei , Chang Qiang , Wu Yuxuan , Teng Yanze , Qiu Yisheng , He Xinke , Ma Ming-Shuo , Qu Minglei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ethanolamine (NH2CH2CH2OH) can form not only glycine directly under the conditions of proposed Archean alkaline hydrothermal vents, a possible environment for the origin of life, but also the polar hydrophilic head of phosphatidylethanolamine, the second most abundant phospholipid in cell membranes, under possible conditions of the primitive Earth. Recently, NH2CH2CH2OH was detected toward the G+0.693-0.027 molecular cloud. We construct the chemical network for NH2CH2CH2OH and its related species (HOCH2CN, CH3NH2, NH2OH, CH3OH, C2H5OH, and C2H3OH) via quantum chemical calculations, simulate their abundance evolutions with the pnautilus code, and then acquire the best-fitting shock-wave model for G+0.693: the combination of isothermal model I5 (T
g = T
d = 16 K, n
H = 4 × 103 cm−3, A
V = 6 mag, and ζ = 1.3 × 10−15 s−1) and continuous shock model S5 (V
s = 20 km s−1). We find NH2CH2CH2OH mainly comes from the thermal desorption produced by shock-induced heating and the photodesorption generated by cosmic-ray-induced UV photons; overall, its ice-phase species is mostly produced by four sequential ice-phase addition pathways, in which the final reactions are J-H + J-NH2CH2CHOH → J-NH2CH2CH2OH, J-H + J-NHCH2CH2OH → J-NH2CH2CH2OH, J-H + J-NH2CH2CH2O → J-NH2CH2CH2OH, and J-CH2OH + J-CH2NH2 → J-NH2CH2CH2OH. We also discuss the formation of HOCH2CN, CH3OH, C2H5OH, and C2H3OH in the best-fitting shock-wave model, as well as the formation of NH2CH2CH2OH in a typical hot-core model. Moreover, we predict NH2CH2CH2OH may be detected toward the newly formed hot core; the undiscovered species CH2CH2OH and HOCCNH are potentially detectable toward G+0.693.
The S-PLUS 12-band Photometry as a Powerful Tool for Discovery and Classification: Ten Cataclysmic Variables in a Proof-of-concept Study
Authors: Lopes de Oliveira Raimundo , de Araújo Amanda S. , Krabbe Angela C. , Mendes de Oliveira Claudia L. , Mukai Koji , Gutiérrez-Soto Luis A. , Kanaan Antonio , Eleutério Romualdo , Borges Fernandes Marcelo , Quispe-Huaynasi Fredi , Schoenell William , Ribeiro Tiago 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Multiband photometric surveys provide a straightforward way to discover and classify astrophysical objects systematically, enabling the study of a large number of targets at relatively low cost. Here we introduce an alternative approach to select accreting white dwarf (AWD) candidates following their spectral energy distribution, entirely supported by the twelve photometric bands of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). The method was validated with optical spectroscopic follow-up with the Gemini South telescope, which unambiguously established ten systems as cataclysmic variables (CVs), alongside Swift X-ray observations of four of them. Among the ten CVs presented here are those that may be low-luminosity intermediate polars or WZ Sge-type dwarf novae with rare outbursts, two subclasses that can be easily missed in time-domain and X-ray surveys, the two methods currently dominating the discovery of new CVs. Our approach based on S-PLUS provides an important complementary tool to uncover the total population of CVs and the complete set of its subclasses, which is an important step toward a full understanding of close binary evolution, including the origin of magnetic fields in white dwarfs and the physics of accretion. Finally, we highlight the potential of S-PLUS beyond AWDs, serving other surveys in the characterization of their sources.
Thirty-five Years of Timing of M53A with Arecibo and FAST
Authors: Lian Yujie , Freire P. C. C. , Cao Shuo , Cadelano Mario , Pallanca Cristina , Pan Zhichen , Zhang Haiyan , Li Baoda , Qian Lei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
PSR B1310+18A is a 33 ms binary pulsar in a 256 day, low eccentricity orbit with a low-mass companion located in NGC 5024 (M53). In this Letter, we present the first phase-coherent timing solution for this pulsar (designated as M53A) derived from a 35 yr timing baseline; this combines the archival Arecibo Observatory data with the recent observations from the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. We find that the spin period derivative of the pulsar is between 6.1 and 7.5 × 10−19 s s−1, which implies a characteristic age between 0.70 and 0.85 Gyr. The timing solution also includes a precise position and proper motion for the pulsar, enabling the identification of the companion of M53A in Hubble Space Telescope data as a helium white dwarf (He WD) with a mass of

M

WD

=
0.3

9

−
0.07

+
0.05

M

⊙

and a cooling age of

0.1

4

−
0.03

+
0.04

Gyr

, confirming that the system formed recently in the history of the globular cluster. The system resembles, in its spin and orbital characteristics, similarly wide pulsar–He WD systems in the Galactic disk. We conclude by discussing the origin of slow pulsars in globular clusters, showing that none of the slow pulsars in low-density globular clusters are as young as the systems observed in the densest known globular clusters.
Eugenio Gerardo Lobo y el desengaño bajobarroco de un «capitán coplero»
Authors: Ruiz Pérez Pedro 
Published: February 2025

En el cambio de siglo la dominante metafísica de la cultura altobarroca, con su componente dramático, se ve desplazada por el impacto de la nueva ciencia y su epistemología inductiva, que devuelve a lo mundano su dimensión de realidad. En los versos de Lobo y en su práctica editorial se manifiesta el modo en que la poética se ajusta al nuevo modelo epistémico, invirtiendo las pretensiones de trascendencia propias del paradigma de la lírica anterior. Se propone un acercamiento a este giro y su relación con la poética bajobarroca en la lectura de los sonetos recogidos en el primer apartado de la edición definitiva de sus Obras poéticas líricas (1738), donde se conjugan diferentes modulaciones del desengaño que podemos considerar sintomáticas de una visión del mundo y de la poesía desplegada entre las décadas finales del siglo XVII y el ecuador del siguiente.
Del desengaño a la alegría en los pronósticos de Diego Torres Villarroel
Authors: Durán López Fernando 
Published: February 2025

Este artículo analiza, desde una perspectiva crítica y en el contexto de las diferentes interpretaciones recibidas, el peso del desengaño barroco en la obra de Diego Torres Villarroel, en particular en sus pronósticos astrológicos. Frente a teorías como la formulada por Russell P. Sebold, y a la supuesta imitación servil de Quevedo que se le ha atribuido, se sostiene aquí que los rasgos de mortificación y degradación de la realidad son en Torres Villarroel convenciones puramente fingidas y que, en realidad, el elemento dominante en su obra es una reivindicación de la vida, el tiempo y el mundo reales, sin desgarro afectivo ni moral, en el que ocupa un papel central el concepto de alegría.
Des érudits du Siècle d’or au travail : les recherches de Jerónimo Zurita et Juan Bautista Pérez sur la Divisio Wambæ
Authors: Gazel David 
Published: February 2025

Depuis Pélage d’Oviedo, sinon plus tôt encore, la Divisio Wambæ n’a cessé d’attiser la curiosité de générations d'historiens. À la fin du XVIe s., le texte fut l’objet d’une intense activité de recherche où s’affairèrent de grands érudits comme Jerónimo Zurita, Juan Bautista Pérez, Andreas Schott, Ambrosio de Morales, García de Loaysa, Bernado de Brito ou Juan de Mariana. La découverte récente par Francisco Bautista d’un témoignage jusqu’à présent ignoré permet de mieux appréhender les rapports entre les travaux des trois premiers et la genèse de ce que Vázquez de Parga qualifia de « primer esbozo de edición crítica » de la Divisio Wambæ.
Qui ne dit mot consent : autorité des grands noms et poids communautaire dans la querelle de la Belle Dame sans mercy
Authors: Delale Sarah 
Published: February 2025

La querelle autour de La Belle dame sans mercy d’Alain Chartier permet d’étudier les pratiques littéraires collectives du xve siècle au prisme d’une auctorialité communautaire. Ce corpus, situé à la frontière entre production littéraire et débat social, illustre bien les principes mis en valeur par la sociologie de l’acteur-réseau et celle des cités de Boltanski. Plusieurs communautés s’y opposent autour de la question amoureuse : les partisans de la fin’amor, du Procès d’honneur feminin de Pierre Michault au Jardin de plaisance et fleur de rhetorique ; une communauté masculine misogyne qui transparaît par exemple dans Le Debat du jouvencel et du vieillart ; enfin une communauté essentiellement féminine qui se désolidarise de la fin’amor, du Loyal amant refusé et du Debat de la dame et de l’escuyer au Debat sans conclusion. Entre fiction et pièces poétiques composées après l’adultère d’Étiennette de Besançon et du comte Gaston IV de Foix, ces communautés s’affrontent sur la scène littéraire et dans l’univers narratif de textes souvent anonymes. Elles s’appuient sur des noms de plume emblématiques, des textes ou des personnages célèbres et des faits d’actualité pour forger des cités conjointement esthétiques et éthiques.
Association of Physical Activity with Sleep Quality in Indian Medical Students: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Yogesh M , Shihora Jeel , Thakkar Dipenkumar , Makwana Naresh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Medical students are at high risk for poor sleep quality because of academic pressures. Physical activity improves sleep in general populations but has been understudied by medical students. This study aimed 1) to assess the association between physical activity levels and sleep quality among Indian medical students and 2) to explore student perceptions about barriers/facilitators influencing sleep and exercise patterns through a mixed methods design.

Materials and Methods:
A mixed-method study (cross-sectional and qualitative study) was conducted among 380 medical students who completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and sociodemographics. A sub-sample of 20 students also participated in semistructured interviews regarding sleep health and barriers/motivators for physical activity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used in the quantitative strand. Inductive coding identified themes from qualitative interviews.

Results:
380 medical students participated (mean age 21.5 ± 1.8 years, 60% female). Overall, 57% had poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5). In univariate analyses, students with low physical activity (PA) had worse PSQI scores than moderate and high PA groups (mean PSQI 7.8 vs 6.1 vs 4.9, P < 0.001). Male gender, clinical training years, and overweight/obesity were also associated with higher PSQI scores (all P < 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression, compared with low PA, moderate PA (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.25-0.64), and high PA (AOR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08-0.28) were associated with significantly lower odds of poor sleep quality after adjusting for covariates. Qualitative interviews with students (n = 20) revealed perceived barriers to academic workload interfering with sleep and exercise behaviors.

Conclusion:
Higher physical activity correlates with superior self-reported sleep quality in this medical student sample. Integrating activity promotion into medical school curricula may improve sleep health among students facing considerable lifestyle challenges.
Adverse Drug Reactions in Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Patients on Longer Bedaquiline-based Regimen at a Tertiary Care Center in Mumbai
Authors: Saini Abhishek , Jadhav Snehal 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has remained a major global public health concern over the years due to the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. The prolonged duration of drug treatment and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) may affect the compliance and eventually the treatment outcome.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of ADRs in patients during treatment of MDR-TB.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients diagnosed with MDR-TB during May 2021 to June 2022 and completed their treatment by December 2023 at the respiratory medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital, Mumbai. We enrolled 169 patients treated with all oral longer bedaquiline-based regimens under programmatic condition. The data regarding demography, drug-resistant pattern, and ADRs were recorded. ADRs were evaluated for onset, causality assessment, severity assessment, and measures required to alleviate them.

Results:
Among a sample size of 169 patients, 60 (35.50%) patients developed a total of 106 ADR during the treatment. These ADRs were categorized into 10 types. In 37 patients out of 60 (61.66%), more than 1 ADR were observed during the treatment. The incidence of ADRs among females was higher 43 (25.44%) than males 17 (10%). All patients developed ADR after 2 months of treatment initiation. Among the ADRs, the most commonly observed were peripheral neuropathy 32 (30.18%), followed by nausea and vomiting 21 (19.8%). The 39 (36%) serious ADRs observed lead to the omission of offending drug.

Conclusion:
Our study included 10 types of ADRs with peripheral neuropathy as the most common, followed by nausea and vomiting. Majority of ADRs were mild, had a probable relationship with the offending drug, and were manageable. ADRs were mostly associated with linezolid.
Tuina Mitigates Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption in Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy Rats by Inhibiting PARthanatos in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Kong Xiang-Yu , Chen Dan-Mei , Zhong He-Quan , Qiao Rui , Si Chen-Qin , Kasimu Ayipaxiaguli , Zhang Yun-Peng , Zhu Jie , Li Bing 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Tuina on the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) rats and evaluate the underlying mechanisms of endothelial PARthanatos attenuation.

Materials and Methods:
Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to occlusion of the left common carotid artery and hypoxia-ischemia. Tuina treatment was performed once daily for 15 min. Body weight, righting reflex, and balance beam tests were conducted to evaluate the growth state. Evans blue (EB) staining and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to assess BBB permeability. Cortical cell morphology was analyzed using the electron microscopy and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunofluorescence co-staining revealed Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) hyperactivation in cortical endothelial cells. Tight junction and PARthanatos-related proteins were detected by western blotting.

Results:
Tuina significantly increased body weight and reduced righting reflex time in rats with HIE. Tuina-treated HIE rats exhibited fewer hind limb slips and required less time to cross the balance beam. The EB content in the brains of Tuina-treated HIE rats was significantly lower than in the brains of HIE rats. MRI showed that the intensity in Tuina-treated HIE rats was significantly lower than in untreated HIE rats. After HI injury, Tuina alleviated neuronal mitochondrial and ER damage and diminished CD31+/PARP1 + immunofluorescence in the cortex. In the Tuina + HIE group, the level of tight junction proteins increased, while PARP1 and apoptosis-inducing factors levels were reduced in the cortex compared to the HIE group.

Conclusions:
Tuina attenuated BBB disruption in rats with HIE by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins and reducing the expression of endothelial PARthanatos in the cortex.