bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Inequality of Opportunity on Income Inequality in Côte d’Ivoire: An analysis through parents’ access to education
Authors: Kouakou Auguste K. , Kouadio Augustin Abogni , N'Da Christian K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the inequalities of opportunity in Côte d'Ivoire applying the method of Checchi and Peragine (2010) with the household standard of living survey of 2015. The education level of the head of household is considered as an exogenous characteristic of the individuals. For an in-depth analysis, the individuals are grouped according to the gender of the head of household and the stratum. Then, we calculate income inequalities within a group and between groups. Within a group, inequalities are attributed to differences in effort between individuals and inequalities between groups are attributed to differences in circumstances and are called inequalities of opportunity. Findings show that the incidence of inequality of opportunity in income inequality is 11.85% when considering the head of household, when looking at the sex of the head of household, it is 9.86% for women and 11.85% for men. Ensuring equal access to education for everyone in society would be an important public policy measure to reduce inequality of opportunity.
JEL Classification Codes: D63 ; D31 ; J62
Hall Coefficient and Resistivity in the Doped Bilayer Hubbard Model
Authors: Shi Yin , Schirmer Jonathan , Chen Long-Qing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Finding and understanding non-Fermi liquid transport behaviors are at the core of condensed matter physics. Most of the existing studies were devoted to the monolayer Hubbard model, which is the simplest model that captures essential features of high-temperature superconductivity. Here we discover a new type of non-Fermi liquid behavior emergent in the hole-doped bilayer Hubbard model, using dynamical mean-field theory with a full consideration of the short-range interlayer electron correlation. We find that at low temperatures, the Hall coefficient has a strong nonmonotonic dependence on temperature, leading to a double or quadruple reversal of its sign depending on the doping level. At the same time, the resistivity exhibits two plateaus rather than linearity in its temperature dependence. We show that these intriguing transport behaviors stem from the formation of coherent interlayer singlets, which scatter off gapped collective modes arising from short-range interlayer antiferromagnetic fluctuations.
Continuous lifelong learning for modeling of gene regulation from single cell multiome data by leveraging atlas-scale external data
Authors: Duren Zhana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Accurate context-specific Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) inference from genomics data is a crucial task in computational biology. However, existing methods face limitations, such as reliance on gene expression data alone, lower resolution from bulk data, and data scarcity for specific cellular systems. Despite recent technological advancements, including single-cell sequencing and the integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data, learning such complex mechanisms from limited independent data points still presents a daunting challenge, impeding GRN inference accuracy. To overcome this challenge, we present LINGER (LIfelong neural Network for GEne Regulation), a novel deep learning-based method to infer GRNs from single-cell multiome data with paired gene expression and chromatin accessibility data from the same cell. LINGER incorporates both 1) atlas-scale external bulk data across diverse cellular contexts and 2) the knowledge of transcription factor (TF) motif matching to cis-regulatory elements as a manifold regularization to address the challenge of limited data and extensive parameter space in GRN inference. Our results demonstrate that LINGER achieves 4-10 fold relative increase in accuracy over existing methods. LINGER reveals a complex regulatory landscape of genome-wide association studies, enabling enhanced interpretation of disease-associated variants and genes. Additionally, following the GRN inference from a reference sc-multiome data, LINGER allows for the estimation of TF activity solely from bulk or single-cell gene expression data, leveraging the abundance of available gene expression data to identify driver regulators from case-control studies. Overall, LINGER provides a comprehensive tool for robust gene regulation inference from single-cell multiome data, empowering deeper insights into cellular mechanisms.
SEM-Assisted Mechanistic Study: pH-Driven Compressive Strength and Setting Time Behavior in Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Haq Md Zia ul , Sood Hemant , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research study investigates the influence of pH on the setting time, compressive strength, and surface roughness of different waste materials, namely Fly Ash, Rice Husk Ash, Red Mud, and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS). The average pH values for these waste materials were found to be 8.77, 9.3, 8.3, and 11, respectively. The Initial setting time (IST) and Final setting time (FST) varied among the materials, with red mud having maximum IST and FST with a value of 180min and 24hrs. Compressive strength (CS-(Mpa)) measurements revealed that GGBS exhibited the highest value of 36 Mpa, followed by Rice Husk Ash (28 Mpa), Red Mud (22 Mpa), and Fly Ash (24 Mpa). Surface roughness analysis showed that red mud had the highest roughness value of 69.70788986, followed by Fly ash (62.81751473), Rice Husk Ash (53.14515068), and GGBS (49.08805681). The findings indicate a positive correlation between pH levels and compressive strength of 97% , setting time surface roughness has negative correlation with compressive strength when analyzed with heatmap . Higher pH values were associated with increased compressive strength, particularly after 28 days of curing which is shown by the heatmap and sub-plots. Additionally, microscopic analysis provided insights into particle size, orientation, and clustering, aiding in understanding the bonding and reactivity patterns contributing to the observed variations in compressive strength.
Infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: microbiological, clinical characteristics and risk factors
Authors: Li Guanhua , Liu Xiaojing , Zhao Jiakang , Li Mengdi , Wu Ge 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with SLE. We aimed to investigate infections and analyze the risk factors; clinical and microbiological characteristics in a single-center systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort.
Method All hospital patients in The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2019-2021 who met ≥4 ACR-97 SLE criteria were identified. Patients with and without infection were included with a ratio of 1:2. Then they were compared in terms of sex, age, comorbidities, severity, and laboratory data. A logistic regression was employed to evaluate risk factors.
Results A total of 1687 SLE patients were identified, and 224 patients with infection and 448 patients without infection were included. In the infection group, the average diagnosed and included age was 33.13±13.02 and 33.14±12.94 years old; 87.06％ of the patients were females; SLEDAI score: 12.33±7.44. A total of 6(2.68％) patients suffered≥2 infection. The infections were divided into bacterial infections(65.63％),viral infections(9.82％), fungal infection(27.23％) groups, and respiratory tract infections were most common, with an incidence rate 62.59％. The most common microorganisms in each group were Escherichia coli, Herpes zoster and Aspergillus, respectively. In the binary logistic regression analysis, diabetes(OR 6.135; 95% CI: 2.519-14.942), CD4+ T cell (OR 1.003; 95% CI: 1.002-1.005), prednisone＞10mg/day (OR 1.971; 95% CI: 1.146-3.391), renal disorder(OR 3.148; 95% CI: 1.828-5.422)were risk factors associate with infection.
Conclusions In this retrospective study, bacteria was most common in SLE patients with infection, and the respiratory tract was the most common infection site. Diabetes, prednisone＞10mg/day and renal disorder were associated with infection. Monitoring CD4+ T cells can predict the infection incidence. A lower dosage of prednisone reduced the occurrence of infection.
Short-Depth QAOA circuits and Quantum Annealing on Higher-Order Ising Models
Authors: Pelofske Elijah , Bärtschi Andreas , Eidenbenz Stephan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) and Quantum Annealing (QA) are quantum algorithms that are both based on the adiabatic theorem and both have the goal of sampling the optimal solution(s) of combinatorial optimization problems. Quantum annealing has been physically instantiated on D-Wave devices using superconducting flux qubits, and QAOA can be programmed on digital gate-model quantum computers such as the programmable superconducting transmon qubit devices manufactured by IBM Quantum, for instance ibm_washington. QAOA and QA address the same types of problems, but it is unclear how they will scale to large problem sizes and to larger and higher-fidelity quantum computers. In this article, we present a direct comparison between QAOA, one and two rounds, run on all 127 qubits of ibm_washington and QA run on D-Wave Advantage_system4.1 and Advantage_system6.1. The problems which allow for this comparison are random Ising model problems whose connectivity matches the heavy hexagonal lattice topology of ibm_washington and the Pegasus graph connectivity of the two D-Wave devices. We create two classes of problem instances for this comparison: one with higher order terms (ZZZ variable interactions), linear terms, and quadratic terms, and a separate problem type with only linear and quadratic terms. The QAOA circuits are novel and extremely short depth, with a CNOT depth of 6 per round, which allows whole chip usage of ibm_washington's heavy hexagonal lattice and can be applied to future heavy-hex chips. We also test the effectiveness of the error suppression technique digital dynamical decoupling on the QAOA circuits, allowing one of the largest experimental evaluations of dynamical decoupling to date. The QAOA circuits compiled to ibm_washington are composed of approximately 3,000 gate instructions making these some the largest quantum circuits ever executed on a digital quantum processor. QAOA and QA are compared against the classical heuristic algorithm of simulated annealing and all problem instances are exactly solved using CPLEX in order to evaluate ground state success sampling probability. We find that (i) QA outperforms QAOA on all problem instances, (ii) QAOA samples the problems better than random sampling, and (iii) QAOA parameters exhibit clear parameter concentration across the ensemble of Ising models.
Sustainable Land Use Planning in Developing Countries Using GIS and Multi-criteria Analysis: A Case Study of Lalitpur District, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Narayan , Pant Pragya , Parsai Ritika , Mahata Aayush , Dulal Sujan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nepal is facing rapid urbanization leading to unplanned land development/use. This research paper focuses on conducting a comprehensive land use suitability analysis for urban development in Lalitpur District, Nepal. By employing Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA) techniques, this study aims to provide valuable insights into identifying suitable area for urban development and facilitating valuable insights into identifying suitable area for urban expansion and opening doors for informed decision making by planner and policy makers. By studying factors such as existing infrastructure which include land cover, population density, flood sensitivity, slope, digital elevation model (DEM), road network, distance to brick factory and land fill site, the study identified suitable areas for urban development in Lalitpur District. We divided the study area into four suitability classes: highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and not suitable. From our case study we found out that the highly suitable regions are typically flat, have low population densities, areas close to infrastructure, far away from landfill site, flood region and brick factory. Moderate suitable areas are typically hilly, have higher population densities, and areas farther from infrastructure. Marginal suitable areas are in floodplains, have steep slopes, and are near to industrial areas. Not suitable areas are too steep, highly prone to flood, too close to industrial areas, and have high population density. The findings of the analysis emphasize the importance of considering environmental factors in land use planning and urban development. It highlights the need to preserve green spaces, protect water bodies, and ensure the long-term well-being of residents. The results provide valuable insights for decision-makers and urban planners, enabling them to make informed decisions and allocate resources effectively.
Self-efficacy and Optimism in frail elderly men without functional disability attending geriatric outpatient clinic in Mansoura university: a case-control study.
Authors: Ageez Doaa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Psychological frailty including cognitive, mood, and motivational components has a major impact on the well- being of frail elderly. Therefore, there is an increasing scientific interest in studying different domains of psychological frailty. Unfortunately, the psychological components of frailty are not completely evaluated and currently there is no consensus regarding appropriate intervention. This study aimed to evaluate self-efficacy and optimism in frail elderly without functional disability. This case-control study was conducted between August 2022 and March 2023, and included 70 elderly male community dwelling participants aged ≥ 60 years. The participants were divided into 2 groups: frail and non-frail defined by AVILA modification of Fried criteria. Self-efficacy scale (SES) and Revised-Life orientation test (R-LOT) were applied for all participants.Results Those with physical frailty had lower self-efficacy and optimism scores. R-LOT and SES had moderate diagnostic accuracy in predicting frailty; AUC for both tools were 0.75 and 0.71, respectively.Conclusions Psychological determinants of frailty are as equally important to be addressed as factors affecting physical frailty. self-efficacy and optimism are both affected in frail elderly. The Self-efficacy scale (SES) and the Revised-Life orientation test (R-LOT) should be applied as a measure of psychological resilience during comprehensive assessment of physical frailty to improve overall well-being and resilience among frail elderly.
Directly converting waste PET into closed-loop biodegradable plastics
Authors: Cai Qiuquan , Qin Lidong , Li Xiaoxu , Ren Geng , Yuan Rongyan , Wang Xinyu , Hu Zexu , Ye Chenwu , Zou Yangyang , Ding Peiqing , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a prevalent commodity polymer for manufacturing bottles, films, fibers, and engineering plastics, has an annual production of over 74 million tons worldwide1-3. Unfortunately, averaging 70% of PET products are single-use, leading to substantial non-degradable waste that contributes to environmental pollution and the proliferation of microplastics detectable in the human body1,4-8. Efforts to chemically depolymerize PET into its starting monomers using amines, water, and alcohols9, however, have encountered challenges in efficiently extracting the monomers from multimers, hindering its full utilization10-14. Here we demonstrate a closed-loop strategy to directly convert waste PET into biodegradable plastics named PEXT, involving forward and reverse transesterifications between ester groups and hydroxyl, carboxyl, and ester groups. By utilizing commercially available aliphatic X-monomers, e.g., diacids and diols, or their polymers, and leveraging existing industrial equipment, we avoid the inefficient PET depolymerization back to monomers and achieve its complete utilization within a one-off framework. Through precisely controlling the molecular structure, PEXT exhibits superior mechanical performance compared to conventional elastic materials including low-density polyethylene, as well as programmable thermal and biodegradable properties, enabling its extensive applications, e.g., shape memory materials, flexible films, and rigid plastic parts. Additionally, incorporating of PET or X-monomers into PEXT facilitates its closed-loop recycling between different components. This feature, coupled with its biodegradability, effectively balances economic viability with environmental concerns.
Ecological restoration process of watershed land space with intelligent IoT technology
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Kai , Xu Jianhui , Liu Jingjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Watershed ecological protection and restoration is the key link to restore the ecological service function of damaged watersheds and promote the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. In practice, it is difficult to balance the interests of different parties in the process of watershed ecological protection and restoration in terms of water resource utilization, water environment protection, and biodiversity conservation, which makes it difficult to achieve the watershed ecological protection goals. Therefore, this study takes the Jianghuai watershed area as the research object and explores the core points of the ecological restoration of land space in the relevant experimental area in the form of algorithmic optimization frequency. The experimental data of the algorithm model show that the land types in the Jianghuai watershed are mainly woodlands and watersheds, with relatively uneven spatial distribution; a total of 85 ecological corridors were identified that showed a pattern of more in the middle and less around; and a total of 267 radiation channels were identified that showed irregular tree distribution. The empirical results show that the model has a fitting accuracy of 89%.
Quantification of Iron Deposition in the Brain of Hypertensive Patients using
3D-enhanced Susceptibility-weighted Angiography (ESWAN)
Authors: Yang Jiehua , Yang Zhongxian , Wu Huanze , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are commonly present in patients with hypertension, producing iron-containing metabolites. A small amount of regional iron deposition is hardly discernible on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three-dimensional enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography (ESWAN) provides tissue images with high spatial resolution and signal-noise ratio, and has been widely used to measure brain iron deposition in neurodegenerative diseases and intracranial hemorrhage.

Objective:
The study aimed to demonstrate iron deposition in the brain of hypertensive patients using ESWAN.

Methods:
Twenty-seven hypertension patients, with or without CMBs, and 16 matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. From the post-processed ESWAN images, phase and magnitude values of the regions of interest (ROIs) were calculated. Two-sample t-test and one-way variance analysis were applied to compare groups. The relationship between ESWAN parameters and clinical variables was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results:
Compared to HCs, the phase value of the hippocampus, head of caudate nucleus (HCN), and substantia nigra (SN) was decreased in hypertension with the CMBs subgroup, while that of HCN and SN was decreased in hypertension without CMBs subgroup. Similarly, the magnitude value of the hippocampus, HCN, thalamus red nucleus, and SN was significantly lower in the hypertension group than HCs. In addition, the phase and magnitude values showed a correlation with clinical variables, including disease duration and blood pressure.

Conclusion:
Deep grey matter nuclei displayed greater iron content in hypertension patients. Iron deposition may precede the appearance of CMBs on MRI, serving as a potential marker of microvascular damage.
Harnessing the Potential of Litchi Fruit Pericarp for Wound Mitigation in
Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Gupta Puneet , Singh Neelam , Bharti Charu , SL. Neha 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The use of medicinal plants is vital in the treatment of several ailments. Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruit pericarp is the main by-product of litchi processing. Litchi fruit pericarp contains a significant amount of polyphenolic compounds, which have been found to have a broad variety of biological activities.

Methods:
Litchi pericarp was produced in 10% (w/w) hydrogel and tested for wound healing activities in Wistar rats using an excision wound model. Wound healing activity was evaluated using wound-healing rate, inflammatory cytokine levels, oxidative stress, collagen hydroxyproline and hexosamine concentration, and macroscopic and histological evidence.

Results:
The results show that pericarp extract has significant wound healing potential, which is indicated by better wound closure, tissue regeneration, and histological characteristics. Litchi pericarp hydrogel boosted the skin's hydroxyproline content, antioxidant capacity, wound contraction, and anti-inflammatory potential by regulating the production of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. This supports the effectiveness of litchi pericarp's wound-healing qualities.

Conclusion:
Litchi pericarp hydrogel promoted wound recovery in rats, encouraging its application in wound alleviation.
Prueba no paramétrica para dos muestras independientes
Authors: Huamanchumo de la Cuba Luis Emilio , Camero Jiménez José William , Angulo Sánchez Kesber 
Published: August 2023

Se presenta un nuevo test no paramétrico para dos muestras independientes el cual utiliza todas las diferencias posibles entre las observaciones de ambas empleándose el método de Wilcoxon sin suprimir las observaciones empatadas. Esta prueba resulta ser adecuada para muestras pequeñas (n = 5) y es muy sensible para detectar diferencias significativas entre las poblaciones de donde se tomaron éstas. Lo más importante de esta prueba radica en que es capaz de encontrar diferencias significativas cuando cada muestra tiene todas sus observaciones iguales (S12= S22 = 0), problema que no supera la prueba t-Student ni la prueba de Marín-Whitney debido a la corrección por empates.
Diseño de un neurocontrolador y su aplicación al control en tiempo real de un sistema identificado prototipo usando programación gráfica
Authors: Rodríguez Bustinza Ricardo , Garcés Yapuchura Hernán , Cuaresma Villarroel Julio 
Published: August 2023

El diseño de un sistema de control en determinados procesos en la industria, es el principal problema de los ingenieros. Desde que se obtienen los datos de entrada y salida de un determinado proceso, podemos conocer la respuesta del sistema, la misma que nos permite estudiar un prototipo de modelo y usando la teoría del control no lineal se predicen los ciclos limites, podemos proponer una función descriptiva cuyos parámetros serán necesarios para implementar el Neurocontrolador que será entrenado con el algoritmo Back propagation. En nuestro caso, abordamos el diseño e implementación de un Neurocontrolador en el entorno del programa grafico de LabVIEW bajo la supervisión del Toolkit de Simulación. Nuestra aplicación es el control de un sistema físico prototipo cuyo modelo puede representar a sistemas de primer y segundo orden. Se obtuvo el modelo de la dinámica del proceso en forma experimental, para ello se aplicó la identificación de parámetros usando el método ajuste de la curva por interpolación lineal en el dominio de la frecuencia. La exactitud del modelo ha sido fundamental para el análisis de la función descriptiva y consecuentemente la adaptación de un modelo neuronal. Los resultados experimentales demuestran que la señal de control diseñada puede hacer que la salida del sistema prototipo siga eficientemente las referencias impuestas con mínimo sobrepaso y error en estado estacionario nulo.