bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DSGVO-konforme Personendetektion in 3D-LiDAR-Daten mittels Deep Learning Verfahren
Authors: Sprute Dennis , Westerhold Tim , Hufen Florian , Flatt Holger , Gellert Florian 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Fabrikkontext spielt die Detektion von Personen eine wichtige Rolle bei Maßnahmen zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit von Arbeitern oder zur Optimierung des Fabriklayouts. Kamerasensoren bilden die Grundlage für robuste bildbasierte Personendetektionsverfahren, werden aber aufgrund von Datenschutzaspekten häufig kritisch gesehen. Diese Bedenken können durch die Lokalisation von IoT-Devices, die von Personen getragen werden, adressiert werden, jedoch muss eine Person stets mit einem entsprechendem IoT-Device ausgerüstet sein. In diesem Beitrag wird ein alternativer Ansatz zur Adressierung der Problematik vorgeschlagen, der auf etablierten Bildverarbeitungsverfahren beruht, jedoch inhärent DSGVO-konform ist. Hierzu wird distanzmessende 3D-LiDAR-Sensorik genutzt, um 3D-Punktwolken der Umgebung aufzunehmen. Diese ermöglichen eine Detektion von Personen (Klassifikation und Lokalisation), jedoch keine Identifizierung der Personen. Hierfür wird ein Verfahren vorgestellt, das einzelne Objekte in einer Punktwolke zunächst in ein Tiefenbild umwandelt, um auf diesem anschließend robuste Bildverarbeitungsverfahren basierend auf Deep Learning einzusetzen. Die Evaluation des Verfahrens zeigt eine Genauigkeit (Accuracy) von 98%, um zwischen Personen und anderen Objekten zu unterscheiden, und ist somit für darauf aufbauende Anwendungen gut geeignet.
The RRDS, an Improved Animal Experimentation System for More Animal Welfare and More Accurate Results
Authors: Gabloffsky Theo , Hawlitschka Alexander , Salomon Ralf 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResearch of image recognition allows for improvements in animal welfare compliant and increase in data yield in animal experiments. One application for improvements are the so-called rotational tests with rats in Parkinson research. Here, the Rat Rotation Detection System (RRDS) frees the rat from the usually used breast belt while achieving similar results as the previous system, with a difference of 12.4 %. RRDS basically consists of an off-the-shelf camera combined with a YoloV4″​=Neural″​=Network, which detects the coordinates of the head, the tail, and the torso of the rat. With these coordinates, RRDS calculates two vectors, which are further used to calculate the rotation of the rat. The RRDS is a step towards improved animal welfare and more accurate results in animal experimentations.
Photon splitting corrections to soft-photon resummation
Authors: Flower Lois , Schönherr Marek 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper we present an algorithm to add photon-splitting corrections to the Yennie-Frautschi-Suura-style soft-photon resummation available in the Sherpa MonteCarlo event generator. Photon-splitting corrections enter at NNLO in QED and, as these effects are not incorporated in the standard QED FSR resummations, their size is larger than the pure hard photon-emission corrections at the same order. We introduce different lepton dressing strategies which incorporate further leptons and hadrons in addition to the customary photons, and discuss their sensitivity to dressing parameters such as the cone size. Finally, we quantify the effects of photon splittings into charged fermions and scalars under different such dressing strategies on Z → e+e− decays and find effects of up to 1% for suitably inclusive dressing strategies independent of the dressing cone size, and up to 9% if only photons are used in the dressing procedure with large dressing cones.
Warped Ruled Surfaces of Historical Stone Bridges in Prague
Authors: Kolarova Dana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis research concerns the use of warped ruled surfaces in the load bearing structures of 19th century stone bridges in Prague. The descriptions of a skew arch used at The Negrelli Viaduct and a special surface called “corne de vache” used at The Legion Bridge are based not only on historical survey, archival materials and period publications, but also on contemporary measurements.
Corynebacterium periprosthetic joint infection: a systematic review of 52 cases at 2.5 years follow-up
Authors: Seutz Yannick , Bäcker Henrik , Akgün Doruk , Adelhoefer Siegfried , Kriechling Philipp , Gonzalez Marcos R. , Karczewski Daniel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
While large progress has been achieved in identifying and treating the most common pathogens involved in periprosthetic joint infections (PJI), there remains limited knowledge on atypical pathogens such as Corynebacterium. For that reason, we analyzed infection and diagnostical characteristics, as well as treatment outcome in Corynebacterium PJI.

Methods
A systematic review was performed based on a structured PubMed and Cochrane Library analysis using the PRISMA algorithm. The search was performed by 2 independent reviewers, and articles from 1960 to 2022 considered eligible for inclusion. Out of 370 search results, 12 studies were included for study synthesis.

Results
In total, 52 cases of Corynebacterium PJI were identified (31 knees, 16 hips, 4 elbows, 1 shoulder). Mean age was 65 years, with 53% females, and a mean Charlson Comorbidity Index of 3.9. The most common species was Corynebacterium striatum in 37 cases (71%). Most patients were treated with two-stage exchange (40%), isolated irrigation and debridement (21%), and resection arthroplasty (19%). Mean duration of antibiotic treatment was 8.5 weeks. At a mean follow-up of 2.5 years, there were 18 reinfections (33%), and 39% were for Corynebacterium. Initial infection by Corynebacterium striatum species was predictive of reoperation (p = 0.035) and reinfection (p = 0.07).

Conclusion
Corynebacterium PJI affects multimorbid and elderly patients, with one in three developing a reinfection at short term. Importantly, the relative majority of reinfections was for persistent Corynebacterium PJI.
ISSLS PRIZE in Clinical Science 2023: comparison of degenerative MRI features of the intervertebral disc between those with and without chronic low back pain. An exploratory study of two large female populations using automated annotation
Authors: Jamaludin A. , Kadir T. , Zisserman A. , McCall I. , Williams F. M. K. , Lang H. , Buchanan E. , Urban J. P. G. , Fairbank J. C. T. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The relationship of degeneration to symptoms has been questioned. MRI detects apparently similar disc degeneration and degenerative changes in subjects both with and without back pain. We aimed to overcome these problems by re-annotating MRIs from asymptomatic and symptomatics groups onto the same grading system.

Methods
We analysed disc degeneration in pre-existing large MRI datasets. Their MRIs were all originally annotated on different scales. We re-annotated all MRIs independent of their initial grading system, using a verified, rapid automated MRI annotation system (SpineNet) which reported degeneration on the Pfirrmann (1–5) scale, and other degenerative features (herniation, endplate defects, marrow signs, spinal stenosis) as binary present/absent. We compared prevalence of degenerative features between symptomatics and asymptomatics.

Results
Pfirrmann degeneration grades in relation to age and spinal level were very similar for the two independent groups of symptomatics over all ages and spinal levels. Severe degenerative changes were significantly more prevalent in discs of symptomatics than asymptomatics in the caudal but not the rostral lumbar discs in subjects < 60 years. We found high co-existence of degenerative features in both populations. Degeneration was minimal in around 30% of symptomatics < 50 years.

Conclusions
We confirmed age and disc level are significant in determining imaging differences between asymptomatic and symptomatic populations and should not be ignored. Automated analysis, by rapidly combining and comparing data from existing groups with MRIs and information on LBP, provides a way in which epidemiological and ‘big data’ analysis could be advanced without the expense of collecting new groups.

Level of evidence I
Diagnostic: individual cross-sectional studies with consistently applied reference standard and blinding.
Gendered life courses and cognitive functioning in later life: the role of context-specific gender norms and lifetime employment
Authors: Bertogg Ariane , Leist Anja K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith increasing life expectancy, dementia poses an epidemiological challenge. As a cure has not been developed, the investigation into preventive factors becomes pivotal. Previous research emphasizes the cognitively stimulating and socio-emotional benefits of lifetime employment, but research on heterogeneous patterns across social groups and societal contexts remains sparse. Sociological approaches have a promising potential to provide insights into health inequalities and can contribute to the study of this major societal challenge. We investigate the influence of previous employment biographies on cognitive functioning for men and women aged 50 to 75 in 19 European countries, using longitudinal and retrospective information from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. We link individual information on employment biographies and cognitive functioning to contextual measures of gender norms, using aggregated agreement rates to both men’s and women’s role in employment and family. We find that previous employment affects cognitive functioning men and women differently. Part-time employment is beneficial for women’s cognitive functioning, but not for men’s. Traditional gender norms are associated with lower levels of cognitive functioning for both genders and moderate the linkage between previous employment and cognitive functioning. In contexts with more traditional gender norms, men’s part-time employment is associated with lower and women’s part-time employment with higher cognitive functioning. We conclude that employment and non-employment participation can, depending on characteristics of individuals and contexts, benefit or hinder the life-course accumulation of cognitive reserve, and those with norm-deviating behaviour are disadvantaged.
A power-aware task scheduler for energy harvesting-based wearable biomedical systems using snake optimizer
Authors: Yousri Retaj , Elbayoumi Mahmoud , Soltan Ahmed , Darweesh M. Saeed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in energy harvesting for wearable biomedical devices. This requires power conservation and management to ensure long-term and steady operation. Hence, task scheduling algorithms will be used throughout this work to provide a reliable solution to minimize energy consumption while considering the system operation constraints. This study proposes a novel power-aware task scheduler to manage system operations. For example, we used the scheduler to handle system operations, including heart rate and temperature sensors. Two optimization techniques have been used to illustrate the impact of task scheduling on energy consumption. The first is based on Snake Optimizer (SO), and the second is a greedy approach to compute the Hamming-based Tikhonov regularization. The FPA approach showed 50$$\%$$%improvement in the convergence time for the scheduler.
Body mass index and the distribution of housework among British couples
Authors: Bellido Héctor , Giménez-Nadal J. Ignacio , Molina José Alberto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the relationship between Body Mass Index of the members of the couple and the distribution of housework within the same couple. Prior research has documented that higher-BMI spouses compensate their partners by increasing their market work hours. The question remains, does this compensation mechanism extend to the share of the time dedicated to housework. Using the British Household Panel Surveys for the years 2004 and 2006, we analyze the relationship between spouses’ Body Mass Index and the time devoted to housework. Our results show that a relatively higher BMI of any member of the couple is related to a decrease in his/her fraction of housework. This result is maintained when we restrict our sample to two-earner couples. We find no evidence for the compensation mechanism by which higher-BMI spouses work longer hours. By analyzing the relationship between housework time and Body Mass Index within the couple, we examine an important issue, given the significant contribution that members of couples make to their households via housework time.
Influence of Device Performance and Agent Advice on User Trust and Behaviour in a Care-taking Scenario
Authors: Zukerman Ingrid , Partovi Andisheh , Hohwy Jakob 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMonitoring systems have become increasingly prevalent in order to increase the safety of elderly people who live alone. These systems are designed to raise alerts when adverse events are detected, which in turn enables family and carers to take action in a timely manner. However, monitoring systems typically suffer from two problems: they may generate false alerts or miss true adverse events.This motivates the two user studies presented in this paper: (1) in the first study, we investigate the effect of the performance of different monitoring systems, in terms of accuracy and error type, on users’ trust in these systems and behaviour; and (2) in the second study, we examine the effect of recommendations made by an advisor agent on users’ behaviour.Our user studies take the form of a web-based game set in a retirement village, where elderly residents live in smart homes equipped with monitoring systems. Players, who “work” in the village, perform a primary task whereby they must ensure the welfare of the residents by attending to adverse events in a timely manner, and a secondary routine task that demands their attention. These conditions are typical of a retirement setting, where workers perform various duties in addition to keeping an eye on a monitoring system.Our main findings pertain to: (1) the identification of user types that shed light on users’ trust in automation and aspects of their behaviour; (2) the effect of monitoring-system accuracy and error type on users’ trust and behaviour; (3) the effect of the recommendations made by an advisor agent on users’ behaviour; and (4) the identification of influential factors in models that predict users’ trust and behaviour. The studies that yield these findings are enabled by two methodological contributions: (5) the game itself, which supports experimentation with various factors, and a version of the game augmented with an advisor agent; and (6) techniques for calibrating the parameters of the game and determining the recommendations of the advisor agent.
When Definitions Differ, are Comparisons Meaningful? Definitions of Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery and Their Associations with Patient Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes - A Need for a Revisit?
Authors: Elhag Wahiba , Lock Merilyn , El Ansari Walid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionDefinitions and prevalence of weight regain (WR) after bariatric surgery remains inconsistent and their clinical significance unclear.ObjectivesTo assess WR five years after sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), employing six definitions; and appraise their association with patient characteristics/clinical outcomes.MethodsConsecutive patients (N = 589) who underwent LSG were followed up for 5 years. WR prevalence was calculated yearly employing six definitions. Regression analysis assessed associations between WR at 5 years, and patient characteristics (age, sex, preop BMI, number of follow-up visits, number of comorbidities) and remission of comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia).ResultsSample’s mean age and BMI were 34 ± 11.6 years and 43.13 ± 5.77 kg/m2, and 64% were females. Percentage of patients with WR at 2, 3, 4, and 5 years fluctuated between 2.53% and 94.18%, subject to definition, and time point. The definition “Any WR” generated the highest prevalence of WR (86–94%) across all time points. At 5 years, for patient characteristics, preoperative BMI was associated with three definitions (P 0.49 to < 0.001), sex was associated with two (P < 0.026–0.032), and number of comorbidities was associated with one definition (P = 0.01). In terms of comorbidities, only hypertension was associated with WR (one definition,P = 0.025). No other definitions of WR were associated with any of the variables under examination.ConclusionWeight regain is reasonably expected after BMS. WR definitions were of minor clinical significance due to weak associations with limited comorbidities. Dichotomous definitions might offer some guidance while managing individual patients. However, its utility as a comparator metric across patients/procedures requires refinements.Graphical abstract
Design and implementation of eye tracking application for generation of augmented reality content on spatial see through display of remote and virtual control tower (RVT)
Authors: Moruzzi Martino C. , Santhosh Sandhya , Corsi Marzia , Bagassi Sara , De Crescenzio Francesca 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAirports are a fundamental node in the aviation system. The growth of this sector undergoes the evolution of the airports procedures and infrastructures. Air traffic control is considered to be one of the most important activity performed in an airport. This often involves numerous personnel, construction and maintenance costs etc. With the ongoing digitalisation process in various fields, the concept of remote and virtual control towers (RVT) has emerged owing to the innovation in this field. Technologies such as augmented reality (AR) have successfully paved their smooth way to bring in improvements to an RVT. The current work aims to enhance and improve the controller work in an RVT exploiting the adaption of virtual reality and AR systems. In particular, this concept is under investigation within the EU funded SESAR project: RETINA (Resilient Synthetic Vision for Advanced Control Tower Air Navigation Service Provision) and DTT (Digital Technologies for Tower). AR content generation by virtue of various display technologies are studied and, Optical Spatial See-through displays (O SSTDs) have been considered for its own advantages in developing this application. One of the necessary requirements of AR in this configuration is identified as the tracking of the operator’s point of view (eye-tracking), to provide virtual content consistent with its real position. Thus, this paper elaborates the design of specific eye-tracking system using Microsoft Kinect V2 for the virtual control tower application. The need to have binocular vision to use AR content is assessed and the interface has been tested with few subjects to evaluate the precision of the measurements detected through the proposed solution.
Advances in research of biological functions of Isthmin-1
Authors: Menghuan Li , Yang Yang , Qianhe Ma , Na Zhang , Shicheng Cao , Bo Chang , XueJie Y. I. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIsthmin-1 (ISM1) was initially thought to be a brain secretory factor, but with the development of technical means of research and the refinement of animal models, numerous studies have shown that this molecule is expressed in multiple tissues, suggesting that it may have multiple biological functions. As a factor that regulates growth and development, ISM1 is expressed in different animals with spatial and temporal variability and can coordinate the normal development of multiple organs. Recent studies have found that under the dependence of a non-insulin pathway, ISM1 can lower blood glucose, inhibit insulin-regulated lipid synthesis, promote protein synthesis, and affect the body's glucolipid and protein metabolism. In addition, ISM1 plays an important role in cancer development by promoting apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis, and by regulating multiple inflammatory pathways to influence the body's immune response. The purpose of this paper is to summarize relevant research results from recent years and to describe the key features of the biological functions of ISM1. We aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the study of ISM1 related diseases, and potential therapeutic strategies.
Graphical abstract
The main biological functions of ISM1. Current studies on the biological functions of ISM1 focus on growth and development, metabolism, and anticancer treatment. During embryonic development, ISM1 is dynamically expressed in the zebrafish, African clawed frog, chick, mouse, and human, is associated with craniofacial malformations, abnormal heart localization, and hematopoietic dysfunction. ISM1 plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and protein metabolism in the body. ISM1 affects cancer development by regulating cellular autophagy, angiogenesis, and the immune microenvironment.
Evidence of a traumatic stress dimension of psychopathology among at-risk children living in Denmark
Authors: Haahr-Pedersen Ida , Vallières Frédérique , Hansen Maj , Aldamman Kinan , Schmidt-Rasmussen Vanessa , Bramsen Rikke Holm , Spitz Pernille , Hyland Philip 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a quantitative model of psychopathology. HiTOP proposes that trauma-related distress is a facet of Internalizing psychopathology, but recent evidence with young people suggests that it may reflect a unique dimension of psychopathology. This study assessed the latent structure of child and adolescent psychopathology to determine whether there is evidence of a unique ‘Traumatic Stress’ dimension, and how dimensions of psychopathology are associated with specific types of childhood adversity and trauma, and suicidal ideation and self-injurious behavior. Participants were children and adolescents aged 1–17 years (N = 1,800) who were in contact with the Danish child protection system due to suspected child abuse. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the optimal latent structure of psychopathology, and structural equation modelling was used to determine how the dimensions of psychopathology were associated with different forms of trauma and adversity and suicidality/self-harm. The best fitting model included three factors of Internalizing, Externalizing, and Traumatic Stress. The Traumatic Stress dimensions was associated with older age, living outside of the family home, parental mental illness, higher levels of parental conflict, and the presence of domestic violence in the child’s home. The Traumatic Stress dimension was not associated with suicidality/self-harm. This study provides additional evidence of a distinct dimension of Traumatic Stress among young people. Further studies are needed to determine if these findings are replicable, particularly in older participants.