bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron Heating in Magnetosheath Turbulence: Dominant Role of the Parallel Electric Field Within Coherent Structures
Authors: Xu Qianyun , Zhou Meng , Ma Wenqing , He Jiansen , Huang Shiyong , Zhong Zhihong , Pang Ye , Deng Xiaohua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHow particles are being energized by turbulent electromagnetic fields is an outstanding question in plasma physics and astrophysics. This paper investigates the electron acceleration mechanism in strong turbulence (δB/B0 ∼ 1) in the Earth's magnetosheath based on the novel observations of the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. We find that electrons are magnetized in turbulent fields for the majority of the time. By directly calculating the electron acceleration rate from Fermi, betatron mechanism, and parallel electric field, it is found that electrons are primarily accelerated by the parallel electric field within coherent structures. Moreover, the acceleration rate by parallel electric fields increases as the spatial scale reduces, with the most intense acceleration occurring over about one ion inertial length. This study is an important step toward fully understanding the turbulent energy dissipation in weakly collisional plasmas.
Effect of User Decision and Environmental Factors on Computationally Derived River Networks
Authors: Olsen N. R. , Tavakoly A. A. , McCormack K. A. , Levin H. K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite recent developments of continental and global vector‐based river networks, the impact of digital elevation model selection, stream initiation area and environmental parameters including land cover, and elevation, remain unexplored at large scales. To fill this gap, vector river networks based on multiple data sets are compared to the National Hydrography Dataset Plus High Resolution flowpaths. Using TauDEM, river networks from three conditioned Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were produced at multiple thresholds for stream initiation. OpenCLC, a software package for the comparison of hydrographic networks, was used to compare digital hydrographic networks with the NHDPlus HR flowlines data set over more than 35,00 basins. Networks derived from the 12 m Tandem‐X data set showed similar results as the MERIT Hydro with 90 m resolution until the application of a sophisticated stream burning methodology improved performance significantly. The optimal CLC is obtained at 1‐km threshold for Hydrological Data and Maps Based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales and MERIT Hydro‐gridded data sets, quality declined with smaller thresholds. Spatial patterns in river‐network quality were observed and were associated with dominant land classification, with greater forest coverage associated with significantly better quality and greater wetland presence with lower quality networks. This study demonstrates user selection of DEM, and threshold combined with environmental factors (vegetation, water coverage, and precipitation) play a significant role in river‐network quality compared to the DEM selection, and that without sophisticated conditioning, a higher resolution base DEM does not necessarily produce a better river network.
Reversible Thermal Hysteresis in Heating‐Cooling Cycles of Magnetic Susceptibility: A Fine Particle Effect of Magnetite
Authors: Zhang Qi , Appel Erwin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThermomagnetic curves of magnetic susceptibility (κ) are key to characterizing magnetic properties. We report hump‐shaped κ‐T curves of magnetite‐bearing basalt during heating‐cooling cycles to ∼340°C, with a large thermal hysteresis and similar starting and ending values, even in multiple repeated cycles, ruling out changes in magnetic mineralogy. Based on FORC diagrams and published results of engineered materials, we propose that thermal hysteresis arises from configurations of magnetic moments in clusters of single‐domain particles due to dipolar coupling, with different collective behavior during heating and cooling. This effect modifies the hump‐shaped thermal relaxation behavior of the individual nanoparticles. FORC and κ‐T results indicate an increase in effective particle sizes after 700°C‐heating. Our results are a warning against premature interpretation of a decreasing trend in κ‐T curves by maghemite inversion. Instead, fine particle behavior should be considered when a hump‐shaped κ‐T behavior is detected.
Causal linkage of presence of mutant NPM1 to efficacy of novel therapeutic agents against AML cells with mutant NPM1
Authors: Mill Christopher P. , Fiskus Warren , Das Kaberi , Davis John A. , Birdwell Christine E. , Kadia Tapan M. , DiNardo Courtney D. , Daver Naval , Takahashi Koichi , Sasaki Koji , McGeehan Gerard M. , Ruan Xinjia , Su Xiaoping , Loghavi Sanam , Kantarjian Hagop , Bhalla Kapil N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn AML with NPM1 mutation causing cytoplasmic dislocation of NPM1, treatments with Menin inhibitor (MI) and standard AML chemotherapy yield complete remissions. However, the causal and mechanistic linkage of mtNPM1 to the efficacy of these agents has not been definitively established. Utilizing CRISPR-Cas9 editing to knockout (KO) or knock-in a copy of mtNPM1 in AML cells, present studies demonstrate that KO of mtNPM1 from AML cells abrogates sensitivity to MI, selinexor (exportin-1 inhibitor), and cytarabine. Conversely, the knock-in of a copy of mtNPM1 markedly sensitized AML cells to treatment with MI or cytarabine. Following AML therapy, most elderly patients with AML with mtNPM1 and co-mutations in FLT3 suffer AML relapse with poor outcomes, creating a need for novel effective therapies. Utilizing the RNA-Seq signature of CRISPR-edited AML cells with mtNPM1 KO, we interrogated the LINCS1000-CMap data set and found several pan-HDAC inhibitors and a WEE1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor among the top expression mimickers (EMs). Additionally, treatment with adavosertib (WEE1 inhibitor) or panobinostat (pan-HDAC inhibitor) exhibited synergistic in vitro lethal activity with MI against AML cells with mtNPM1. Treatment with adavosertib or panobinostat also reduced AML burden and improved survival in AML xenograft models sensitive or resistant to MI.
Visual acuity time in range: a novel concept to describe consistency in treatment response in diabetic macular oedema
Authors: Kozak Igor , Pearce Ian , Cheung Chui Ming Gemmy , Machewitz Tobias , Lambrou George N. , Molina Daniel , Suleiman Lima , Youssef Hossam , Bressler Neil M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
To assess ‘time in range’ as a novel measure of treatment response in diabetic macular oedema (DMO).

Methods
This post hoc analysis of the Protocol T randomised clinical trial included 660 individuals with centre-involved DMO and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) letter score ≤78–≥24 (approximate Snellen equivalent 20/32–20/320). Study participants received intravitreal aflibercept 2.0 mg, repackaged (compounded) bevacizumab 1.25 mg, or ranibizumab 0.3 mg given up to every 4 weeks using defined retreatment criteria. Mean time in range was calculated using a BCVA letter score threshold of ≥69 (20/40 or better; minimum driving requirement in many regions), with sensitivity analyses using BCVA thresholds from 100 to 0 (20/10 to 20/800) in 1-letter increments.

Results
Time in range was defined as either the absolute or relative duration above a predefined BCVA threshold, measured in weeks or as a percentage of time, respectively. Using a BCVA letter score threshold of ≥69 (20/40 or better), the least squares mean time in range (adjusted for baseline BCVA) in Year 1 was 41.2 weeks with intravitreal aflibercept, 4.0 weeks longer (95% CI: 1.7, 6.3; p = 0.002) than bevacizumab and 3.6 weeks longer (1.3, 5.9; p = 0.004) than ranibizumab. Overall, mean time in range was numerically longer for intravitreal aflibercept for all BCVA letter score thresholds between 92 and 30 (20/20 to 20/250). In the Day 365–728 analysis, time in range was 3.9 (1.3, 6.5) and 2.4 (0.0, 4.9) weeks longer with intravitreal aflibercept vs bevacizumab and vs ranibizumab (p = 0.011 and 0.106), respectively.

Conclusion
BCVA time in range may represent another way to describe visual outcomes and potential impact on vision-related functions over time for patients with DMO and provide a better understanding, for physicians and patients, of the consistency of treatment efficacy.
The color of environmental noise in river networks
Authors: Tu Tongbi , Comte Lise , Ruhi Albert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite its far-reaching implications for conservation and natural resource management, little is known about the color of environmental noise, or the structure of temporal autocorrelation in random environmental variation, in streams and rivers. Here, we analyze the geography, drivers, and timescale-dependence of noise color in streamflow across the U.S. hydrography, using streamflow time series from 7504 gages. We find that daily and annual flows are dominated by red and white spectra respectively, and spatial variation in noise color is explained by a combination of geographic, hydroclimatic, and anthropogenic variables. Noise color at the daily scale is influenced by stream network position, and land use and water management explain around one third of the spatial variation in noise color irrespective of the timescale considered. Our results highlight the peculiarities of environmental variation regimes in riverine systems, and reveal a strong human fingerprint on the stochastic patterns of streamflow variation in river networks.
Structural basis of Ty1 integrase tethering to RNA polymerase III for targeted retrotransposon integration
Authors: Nguyen Phong Quoc , Huecas Sonia , Asif-Laidin Amna , Plaza-Pegueroles Adrián , Capuzzi Beatrice , Palmic Noé , Conesa Christine , Acker Joël , Reguera Juan , Lesage Pascale , Fernández-Tornero Carlos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe yeast Ty1 retrotransposon integrates upstream of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III). Specificity of integration is mediated by an interaction between the Ty1 integrase (IN1) and Pol III, currently uncharacterized at the atomic level. We report cryo-EM structures of Pol III in complex with IN1, revealing a 16-residue segment at the IN1 C-terminus that contacts Pol III subunits AC40 and AC19, an interaction that we validate by in vivo mutational analysis. Binding to IN1 associates with allosteric changes in Pol III that may affect its transcriptional activity. The C-terminal domain of subunit C11, involved in RNA cleavage, inserts into the Pol III funnel pore, providing evidence for a two-metal mechanism during RNA cleavage. Additionally, ordering next to C11 of an N-terminal portion from subunit C53 may explain the connection between these subunits during termination and reinitiation. Deletion of the C53 N-terminal region leads to reduced chromatin association of Pol III and IN1, and a major fall in Ty1 integration events. Our data support a model in which IN1 binding induces a Pol III configuration that may favor its retention on chromatin, thereby improving the likelihood of Ty1 integration.
Domain-specific p53 mutants activate EGFR by distinct mechanisms exposing tissue-independent therapeutic vulnerabilities
Authors: Ho Teresa Lai Fong , Lee May Yin , Goh Hui Chin , Ng Germaine Yi Ning , Lee Jane Jia Hui , Kannan Srinivasaraghavan , Lim Yan Ting , Zhao Tianyun , Lim Edwin Kok Hao , Phua Cheryl Zi Jin , Lee Yi Fei , Lim Rebecca Yi Xuan , Ng Perry Jun Hao , Yuan Ju , Chan Dedrick Kok Hong , Lieske Bettina , Chong Choon Seng , Lee Kuok Chung , Lum Jeffrey , Cheong Wai Kit , Yeoh Khay Guan , Tan Ker Kan , Sobota Radoslaw M. , Verma Chandra S. , Lane David P. , Tam Wai Leong , Venkitaraman Ashok R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMis-sense mutations affecting TP53 promote carcinogenesis both by inactivating tumor suppression, and by conferring pro-carcinogenic activities. We report here that p53 DNA-binding domain (DBD) and transactivation domain (TAD) mis-sense mutants unexpectedly activate pro-carcinogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling via distinct, previously unrecognized molecular mechanisms. DBD- and TAD-specific TP53 mutants exhibited different cellular localization and induced distinct gene expression profiles. In multiple tissues, EGFR is stabilized by TAD and DBD mutants in the cytosolic and nuclear compartments respectively. TAD mutants promote EGFR-mediated signaling by enhancing EGFR interaction with AKT via DDX31 in the cytosol. Conversely, DBD mutants maintain EGFR activity in the nucleus, by blocking EGFR interaction with the phosphatase SHP1, triggering c-Myc and Cyclin D1 upregulation. Our findings suggest that p53 mutants carrying gain-of-function, mis-sense mutations affecting two different domains form new protein complexes that promote carcinogenesis by enhancing EGFR signaling via distinctive mechanisms, exposing clinically relevant therapeutic vulnerabilities.
Crop Type Maps for Operational Global Agricultural Monitoring
Authors: Becker-Reshef Inbal , Barker Brian , Whitcraft Alyssa , Oliva Patricia , Mobley Kara , Justice Christina , Sahajpal Ritvik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCrop type maps identify the spatial distribution of crop types and underpin a large range of agricultural monitoring applications ranging from early warning of crop shortfalls, crop condition assessments, production forecasts, and damage assessment from extreme weather, to agricultural statistics, agricultural insurance, and climate mitigation and adaptation decisions. Despite their importance, harmonized, up-to-date global crop type maps of the main food commodities do not exist to date. To address this critical data gap of global-scale consistent, up-to-date crop type maps, we harmonized 24 national and regional datasets from 21 sources covering 66 countries to develop a set of Best Available Crop Specific masks (BACS) over the major production and export countries for wheat, maize, rice, and soybeans, in the context of the G20 Global Agriculture Monitoring Program, GEOGLAM.
A novel model of the continual reassessment method in Phase I trial
Authors: Zhang Weijia , Lei Wanni , Zhu Xiaojun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor the model-based designs, the continual reassessment method (CRM) is widely used to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in phase I clinical trials. To improve the performance of classic CRM models, we propose a new CRM and its dose-toxicity probability function based on the Cox model whatever the treatment response is immediately observed or delayed. In the process of dose-finding trial, we can use our model in situations when either the response is delayed or not and can derive the likelihood function and posterior mean toxicity probabilities to find the MTD. Simulation is carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed model with the classic CRM models. We also evaluate the operating characteristics of the proposed model by the Efficiency, Accuracy, Reliability, and Safety (EARS) criteria.
Majorana’s approach to nonadiabatic transitions validates the adiabatic-impulse approximation
Authors: Kofman P. O. , Ivakhnenko O. V. , Shevchenko S. N. , Nori Franco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe approach by Ettore Majorana for non-adiabatic transitions between two quasi-crossing levels is revisited and significantly extended. We rederive the transition probability, known as the Landau–Zener–Stückelberg–Majorana formula, and introduce Majorana’s approach to modern readers. This result, typically referred as the Landau–Zener formula, was published by Majorana before Landau, Zener and Stückelberg. Moreover, we go well beyond previous results and we now obtain the full wave function, including its phase, which is important nowadays for quantum control and quantum information. The asymptotic wave function correctly describes the dynamics away from the avoided-level crossing, while it has limited accuracy in that region.
Aerobic biodegradation of untreated polyester–polyether urethanes by newly isolated yeast strains Exophilia sp. NS-7 and Rhodotorula sp. NS-12
Authors: Giyahchi Minoo , Moghimi Hamid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolyester-urethanes as the most widely used polyurethanes (PUs) are among the most recalcitrant plastics in natural conditions. Among existing approaches for managing and reducing plastic waste, biodegradation as a promising approach to reduce plastic waste pollution has drawn scientific society's attention in recent years. In this study, two polyester–polyether urethane degrading yeasts were isolated and identified as two new strains of Exophilia sp. NS-7 and Rhodotorula sp. NS-12. The results showed that Exophilia sp. NS-7 is esterase, protease, and urease positive, and Rhodotorula sp. NS-12 can produce esterase and urease. Both strains can degrade Impranil® as the sole carbon source with the highest growth rate in 4–6 and 8–12 days, respectively. SEM micrograph revealed PU degradation ability in both strains by showing so many pits and holes in treated films. The Sturm test showed that these two isolates can mineralize PU to CO2, and significant decreases in N–H stretching, C–H stretching, C=O stretching, and N–H/C=O bending absorption in the molecular structure of PU were revealed by the FT-IR spectrum. The detection of the deshielding effect in chemical shifts of the H-NMR spectrum after the treatment also confirmed the destructive effects of both strains on PU films.
Determinants of bone mass in older adults with normal- and overweight derived from the crosstalk with muscle and adipose tissue
Authors: Walowski Carina O. , Herpich Catrin , Enderle Janna , Braun Wiebke , Both Marcus , Hasler Mario , Müller Manfred J. , Norman Kristina , Bosy-Westphal Anja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLower bone mass in older adults may be mediated by the endocrine crosstalk between muscle, adipose tissue and bone. In 150 community-dwelling adults (59–86 years, BMI 17–37 kg/m2; 58.7% female), skeletal muscle mass index, adipose tissue and fat mass index (FMI) were determined. Levels of myokines, adipokines, osteokines, inflammation markers and insulin were measured as potential determinants of bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD). FMI was negatively associated with BMC and BMD after adjustment for mechanical loading effects of body weight (r-values between −0.37 and −0.71, all p < 0.05). Higher FMI was associated with higher leptin levels in both sexes, with higher hsCRP in women and with lower adiponectin levels in men. In addition to weight and FMI, sclerostin, osteocalcin, leptin × sex and adiponectin were independent predictors of BMC in a stepwise multiple regression analysis. Muscle mass, but not myokines, showed positive correlations with bone parameters that were weakened after adjusting for body weight (r-values between 0.27 and 0.58, all p < 0.01). Whereas the anabolic effect of muscle mass on bone in older adults may be partly explained by mechanical loading, the adverse effect of obesity on bone is possibly mediated by low-grade inflammation, higher leptin and lower adiponectin levels.
A low dose of RBD and TLR7/8 agonist displayed on influenza virosome particles protects rhesus macaque against SARS-CoV-2 challenge
Authors: Koopman Gerrit , Amacker Mario , Stegmann Toon , Verschoor Ernst J. , Verstrepen Babs E. , Bhoelan Farien , Bemelman Denzel , Böszörményi Kinga P. , Fagrouch Zahra , Kiemenyi-Kayere Gwendoline , Mortier Daniella , Verel Dagmar E. , Niphuis Henk , Acar Roja Fidel , Kondova Ivanela , Kap Yolanda S. , Bogers Willy M. J. M. , Mooij Petra , Fleury Sylvain 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInfluenza virosomes serve as antigen delivery vehicles and pre-existing immunity toward influenza improves the immune responses toward antigens. Here, vaccine efficacy was evaluated in non-human primates with a COVID-19 virosome-based vaccine containing a low dose of RBD protein (15 µg) and the adjuvant 3M-052 (1 µg), displayed together on virosomes. Vaccinated animals (n = 6) received two intramuscular administrations at week 0 and 4 and challenged with SARS-CoV-2 at week 8, together with unvaccinated control animals (n = 4). The vaccine was safe and well tolerated and serum RBD IgG antibodies were induced in all animals and in the nasal washes and bronchoalveolar lavages in the three youngest animals. All control animals became strongly sgRNA positive in BAL, while all vaccinated animals were protected, although the oldest vaccinated animal (V1) was transiently weakly positive. The three youngest animals had also no detectable sgRNA in nasal wash and throat. Cross-strain serum neutralizing antibodies toward Wuhan-like, Alpha, Beta, and Delta viruses were observed in animals with the highest serum titers. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8, CXCL-10 and IL-6 were increased in BALs of infected control animals but not in vaccinated animals. Virosomes-RBD/3M-052 prevented severe SARS-CoV-2, as shown by a lower total lung inflammatory pathology score than control animals.
Intuitionistic fuzzy fairly operators and additive ratio assessment-based integrated model for selecting the optimal sustainable industrial building options
Authors: Mishra Arunodaya Raj , Rani Pratibha , Cavallaro Fausto , Hezam Ibrahim M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the past few years, the private sectors and industries have focused their attention on sustainable development goals to achieve the better and more sustainable future for all. To accomplish a sustainable community, one requires to better recognize the fundamental indicators and selects the most suitable sustainable policies in diverse regions of the community. Considering the huge impact of construction industry on sustainable development, very less research efforts have been made to obtain worldwide sustainable elucidations for this type of industry. As a large sector of construction industry, industrial buildings consume enormous amounts of energy and financial assets, and play a key character in job creation and life quality improvement in the community. In order to assess the sustainable industrial buildings by means of multiple indicators, the present study introduces a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making methodology which integrates the fairly aggregation operator, the MEthod based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC), the stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and the additive ratio assessment (ARAS) methods with intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS). In this respect, firstly new intuitionistic fuzzy weighted fairly aggregation operators are proposed and then employed to aggregate the decision information in the proposed hybrid method. This operator overcomes the limitations of basic intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators. To find the criteria weights, an integrated model is presented based on the MEREC for objective weights and the SWARA for subjective weights of indicators under IFS context. To rank the sustainable industrial buildings, an integrated ARAS method is employed from uncertain perspective. Further, a case study concerning sustainable industrial buildings evaluation is presented to illustrate the superiority and practicality of the developed methodology. The advantages of the developed approach are highlighted in terms of stability and reliability by comparison with some of the existing methods.