bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iceline variations driven by protoplanetary disc gaps
Authors: Broome Madelyn , Kama Mihkel , Booth Richard , Shorttle Oliver 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The composition of forming planets is strongly affected by the protoplanetary disc’s thermal structure. This thermal structure is predominantly set by dust radiative transfer and viscous (accretional) heating and can be impacted by gaps – regions of low dust and gas density that can occur when planets form. The effect of variations in dust surface density on disc temperature has been poorly understood to date. In this work, we use the radiative transfer code MCMax to model the 2D dust thermal structure with individual gaps corresponding to planets with masses of 0.1 MJ –5 MJ and orbital radii of 3, 5, and 10 au. Low dust opacity in the gap allows radiation to penetrate deeper and warm the mid-plane by up to 16 K, but only for gaps located in the region of the disc where stellar irradiation is the dominant source of heating. In viscously heated regions, the mid-plane of the gap is relatively cooler by up to 100 K. Outside of the gap, broad radial oscillations in heating and cooling are present due to disc flaring. These thermal features affect local dust–gas segregation of volatile elements (H2O, CH4, CO2, and CO). We find that icelines experience dramatic shifts relative to gapless models: up to 6.5 au (or 71 per cent) closer to the star and 4.3 au (or 100 per cent) closer to the mid-plane. While quantitative predictions of iceline deviations will require more sophisticated models, which include transport, sublimation/condensation kinetics, and gas–dust thermal decoupling in the disc atmosphere, our results suggest that planet-induced iceline variations represent a potential feedback from the planet on to the composition of material it is accreting.
Mapping gas around massive galaxies: cross-correlation of DES Y3 galaxies and Compton-ymaps from SPT andPlanck
Authors: Sánchez J , Omori Y , Chang C , Bleem L E , Crawford T , Drlica-Wagner A , Raghunathan S , Zacharegkas G , Abbott T M C , Aguena M , Alarcon A , Allam S , Alves O , Amon A , Avila S , Baxter E , Bechtol K , Benson B A , Bernstein G M , Bertin E , Bocquet S , Brooks D , Burke D L , Campos A , Carlstrom J E , Rosell A Carnero , Kind M Carrasco , Carretero J , Castander F J , Cawthon R , Chang C L , Chen A , Choi A , Chown R , Costanzi M , Crites A T , Crocce M , da Costa L N , Pereira M E S , de Haan T , De Vicente J , DeRose J , Desai S , Diehl H T , Dobbs M A , Dodelson S , Doel P , Elvin-Poole J , Everett W , Everett S , Ferrero I , Flaugher B , Fosalba P , Frieman J , García-Bellido J , Gatti M , George E M , Gerdes D W , Giannini G , Gruen D , Gruendl R A , Gschwend J , Gutierrez G , Halverson N W , Hinton S R , Holder G P , Hollowood D L , Holzapfel W L , Honscheid K , Hrubes J D , James D J , Knox L , Kuehn K , Kuropatkin N , Lahav O , Lee A T , Luong-Van D , MacCrann N , Marshall J L , McCullough J , McMahon J J , Melchior P , Mena-Fernández J , Menanteau F , Miquel R , Mocanu L , Mohr J J , Muir J , Myles J , Natoli T , Padin S , Palmese A , Pandey S , Paz-Chinchón F , Pieres A , Malagón A A Plazas , Porredon A , Pryke C , Raveri M , Reichardt C L , Rodriguez-Monroy M , Ross A J , Ruhl J E , Rykoff E , Sánchez C , Sanchez E , Scarpine V , Schaffer K K , Sevilla-Noarbe I , Sheldon E , Shirokoff E , Smith M , Soares-Santos M , Staniszewski Z , Stark A A , Suchyta E , Swanson M E C , Tarle G , Thomas D , Troxel M A , Tucker D L , Vieira J D , Vincenzi M , Weaverdyck N , Williamson R , Yanny B , Yin B ,   (DES Collaborations) SPT
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTWe cross-correlate positions of galaxies measured in data from the first three years of the Dark Energy Survey with Compton-y maps generated using data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and the Planck mission. We model this cross-correlation measurement together with the galaxy autocorrelation to constrain the distribution of gas in the Universe. We measure the hydrostatic mass bias or, equivalently, the mean halo bias-weighted electron pressure 〈bhPe 〉, using large-scale information. We find 〈bhPe 〉 to be $[0.16^{+0.03}_{-0.04},0.28^{+0.04}_{-0.05},0.45^{+0.06}_{-0.10},0.54^{+0.08}_{-0.07},0.61^{+0.08}_{-0.06},0.63^{+0.07}_{-0.08}]$ meV cm−3 at redshifts z ∼ [0.30, 0.46, 0.62, 0.77, 0.89, 0.97]. These values are consistent with previous work where measurements exist in the redshift range. We also constrain the mean gas profile using small-scale information, enabled by the high-resolution of the SPT data. We compare our measurements to different parametrized profiles based on the cosmo-OWLS hydrodynamical simulations. We find that our data are consistent with the simulation that assumes an AGN heating temperature of 108.5 K but are incompatible with the model that assumes an AGN heating temperature of 108.0 K. These comparisons indicate that the data prefer a higher value of electron pressure than the simulations within r500c of the galaxies’ haloes.
Late-formed haloes prefer to host quiescent central galaxies – I. Observational results
Authors: Wang Kai , Chen Yangyao , Li Qingyang , Yang Xiaohu 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The star formation and quenching of central galaxies are regulated by the assembly histories of their host haloes. In this work, we use the central stellar mass to halo mass ratio as a proxy of halo formation time, and we devise three different models, from the physical hydrodynamical simulation to the empirical statistical model, to demonstrate its robustness. With this proxy, we inferred the dependence of the central galaxy properties on the formation time of their host haloes using the SDSS main galaxy sample, where central galaxies are identified with the halo-based group finder. We found that central galaxies living in late-formed haloes have higher quiescent fractions and lower spiral fractions than their early-formed counterparts by $\lesssim 8~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ . Finally, we demonstrate that the group finding algorithm has a negligible impact on our results.
Stellar cluster formation in a Milky Way-sized galaxy at z &gt; 4 – I. The proto-globular cluster population and the imposter amongst us
Authors: van Donkelaar Floor , Mayer Lucio , Capelo Pedro R , Tamfal Tomas , Quinn Thomas R , Madau Piero 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The formation history of globular clusters (GCs) at redshift z &gt; 4 remains an unsolved problem. In this work, we use the cosmological, N-body hydrodynamical ‘zoom-in’ simulation GigaEris to study the properties and formation environment of proto-GC candidates in the region surrounding the progenitor of a Milky Way-sized galaxy. The simulation employs a modern implementation of smoothed-particle hydrodynamics, including metal-line cooling and metal and thermal diffusion. We define proto-GC candidate systems as gravitationally bound stellar systems with baryonic mass fraction Fb ≥ 0.75 and stellar velocity dispersion σ⋆ &lt; 20 km s−1. At z = 4.4, we identify nine systems that satisfy our criteria, all of which form between 10 and 30 kpc from the centre of the main host. Their baryonic masses are in the range 105–107 M⊙. By the end of the simulation, they still have a relatively low stellar mass (M⋆ ∼ 104–105 M⊙) and a metallicity (−1.8 ≲ [Fe/H] ≲ −0.8) similar to the blue Galactic GCs. All of the identified systems except one appear to be associated with gas filaments accreting onto the main galaxy in the circum-galactic region and formed at z = 5–4. The exception is the oldest object, which appears to be a stripped compact dwarf galaxy that has interacted with the main halo between z = 5.8 and z = 5.2 and has lost its entire dark matter content due to tidal mass loss.
Molecular understanding of cation effects on double layers and their significance to CO-CO dimerization
Authors: Le Jia-Bo , Chen Ao , Kuang Yongbo , Cheng Jun 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Cation effects have been shown in numerous experiments to play a significant role in electrocatalysis. To understand these effects at the molecular level, we systematically investigate the structures and capacitances of electric double layers with a variety of cations as counter charges at Pt(111)-COad/water interfaces with ab initio molecular dynamics. It is encouraging to find that the computed Helmholtz capacitances for different cations are in quantitative agreement with experiments, and that the trend of cation effects on capacitances shows clear correlation with the structures of interface cations of differing sizes and hydration energies. More importantly, we demonstrate the Helmholtz capacitance as the key descriptor for measuring the activity of CO-CO dimerization, the rate-determining step for C2+ formation in electroreduction of CO and CO2. Our work provides atomistic insights into cation effects on electric double layers and electrocatalysis that are crucial for optimizing electrode and electrolyte materials.
PACLOBUTRAZOL-RESISTANCE4 positively regulates cell expansion to promote tendril elongation in cucumber
Authors: Xu Yunmin , Zhu Yujie , Wang Xinrui , Hong Zezhou , Yang Aiyi , Liu Yuanyuan , Yan Ling , He Yong , Zhu Zhujun , Wang Huasen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As a climbing organ, the tendril undergoes rapid elongation to increase its length to locate support within a short growth time. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this observation is poorly understood. Here, tendril development was divided into 4 stages in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) along with its growth. Phenotypic observations and section analyses showed that the rapid elongation of tendril primarily happened during stage 3 and was mainly due to cell expansion. RNA-seq analysis showed that PACLOBUTRAZOL-RESISTANCE4 (CsPRE4) was highly expressed in the tendril. Our RNAi studies in cucumber and transgenic overexpression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) suggested that CsPRE4 functions as a conserved activator of cell expansion to promote cell expansion and tendril elongation. Through a triantagonistic HLH (helix-loop-helix)-HLH-bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) cascade, CsPRE4-CsPAR1 (PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED1)-CsBEE1 (BR-ENHANCED EXPRESSION 1), CsPRE4 released the transcription factor CsBEE1, which activated expansin A12 (CsEXPA12) to loosen the cell wall structure in tendrils. Gibberellin (GA) promoted tendril elongation by modulating cell expansion, and CsPRE4 expression was induced by exogenous GA treatment, suggesting that CsPRE4 acts downstream of GA in regulating tendril elongation. In summary, our work suggested a CsPRE4-CsPAR1-CsBEE1-CsEXPA12 pathway in regulating cell expansion in cucumber tendrils, which might enable rapid tendril elongation to quickly locate support.
Fair Matching under Constraints: Theory and Applications
Authors: Kamada Yuichiro , Kojima Fuhito 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper studies a general model of matching with constraints. Observing that a stable matching typically does not exist, we focus on feasible, individually rational, and fair matchings. We characterize such matchings by fixed points of a certain function. Building on this result, we characterize the class of constraints on individual schools under which there exists a student-optimal fair matching, the matching that is the most preferred by every student among those satisfying the three desirable properties. We study the numerical relevance of our theory using data on government-organized daycare allocation.
Financing Competitors: Shadow Banks’ Funding and Mortgage Market Competition
Authors: Jiang Erica Xuewei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Using novel shadow bank funding data, I find that shadow banks are funded by the very banks they compete with when originating mortgages. Evidence suggests that banks have market power in the upstream market for shadow banks’ funding, which in turn softens mortgage market competition through their strategic behaviors in both markets. I build and calibrate a quantitative model of vertical integration and competition to show that those consumers who would most benefit from shadow bank services are the ones to bear the costs. Secondary market innovation could increase downstream competition by reducing shadow banks’ reliance on their competitors.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Reactive arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination: 17 cases
Authors: Golstein Marc Alexandre , Fagnart Olivier , Steinfeld Serge Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of the study is to report a series of 17 cases of ankle bi-arthritis that occurred shortly after coronavirus disease 2019 RNA vaccination, and to discuss the potential role of these vaccines in the pathogenesis of this rheumatological manifestation.

Methods
All patients were examined in the same department and received a full work-up to investigate the usual causes of ankle bi-arthritis. No rheumatic inflammatory disease occurred after 9 months of follow-up. A post-vaccination serological follow-up in search of anti-Spike antibodies was requested for all patients.

Results
All patients recovered with low dose of prednisolone within &lt;2 months, except one who could not be weaned off CS. The level of antibodies found was very high in all patients.

Conclusion
The ankle bi-arthritis occurrence chronology, the follow-up and the similar clinical presentation might suggest a pathogenic role of RNA vaccination.
Retired night shift workers exhibit poorer neurocognitive function compared to retired day workers
Authors: Runk Ashlyn , Lehrer H Matthew , Butters Meryl A , Buysse Daniel J , Evans Marissa A , Krafty Robert T , Hall Martica H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Shift work is associated with compromised cognitive function, and with chronic exposure, may place shift workers at elevated risk for dementia. However, evidence of cognitive impairment among former night shift workers is mixed, possibly due to inconsistencies regarding retirement status, work history classification, and cognitive assessments. To address these limitations, this study compared neurocognitive function between retired night shift workers and retired day workers using a well-characterized sample and a rigorous neurocognitive test battery.

Methods
Participants (N = 61; mean age: 67.9 ± 4.7 years; 61% females; 13% non-white) were 31 retired day workers and 30 retired night shift workers equated on age, sex, race/ethnicity, premorbid IQ, years retired, and diary-assessed habitual sleep characteristics. Participants completed a neurocognitive battery assessing six cognitive domains (language, visuospatial ability, attention, immediate and delayed memory, executive function) and self-reported cognitive function. Linear regression models compared groups on individual cognitive domains, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, and habitual sleep quality.

Results
Retired night shift workers scored lower than retired day workers on attention (B = −0.38, 95% CI [−0.75, −0.02], p = .040) and executive function (B = −0.55, 95% CI [−0.92, −0.17], p = .005). In post hoc analyses, attention and executive function were unrelated to diary-assessed habitual sleep characteristics (disruption, timing, and irregularity) in retired night shift workers.

Conclusions
The observed cognitive weaknesses in retired night shift workers may suggest increased risk for future dementia. Retired night shift workers should be followed to determine whether observed weaknesses progress.
Comparison of the Stress Responses After TAP Block and Epidural Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Under General Anesthesia
Authors: Taheri Piroozeh , Moinfar Zeinab , Varpaei Hesam A. 
Published: April 2023

Objective:Major surgeries and the accompanied acute stress response are associated with poor immune system function and extensive immunologic changes. This study was conducted to compare postsurgery stress responses after transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks and epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.Materials and Methods:Sixty patients who were candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. After randomly assigning patients into 2 groups (30 patients in epidural anesthesia and 30 patients in the TAP block group), the degree of pain and stress responses (serum level of blood glucose, C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cortisol) of patients were measured preoperatively and at 6 and 24 hours after surgery.Results:Mean blood glucose, serum cortisol, CRP, and white blood cell decreased significantly 6 and 24 hours after the intervention in both groups and differed significantly between the 2 groups (P-value <0.05). The proportion of patients with a pain score greater than 3 at 6 and 12 hours after surgery was significantly higher in the Epidural group compared with the TAP block group, although this figure was significantly higher in the TAP block group 24 hours after surgery.Discussion:A significant decrease in the mean blood sugar, serum cortisol, CRP, and white blood cell in both groups at 6 and 24 hours after the surgery was noted. The pain score decreased 24 hours after surgery in the epidural anesthesia group and increased in the TAP block group.
Long-term Efficacy of Pectoserratus Plane Block (PSPB) for Prevention of Post-mastectomy Pain Syndrome
Authors: Mendonça Fabrício T. , Nascimento Larissa Ferreira Cunha , Veloso Nathalia Mundoco , Basto Gabriela Cavalcante Pires 
Published: April 2023

Objectives:
Pectoserratus plane block (PSPB) leads to lower postoperative pain intensity. We examined whether PSPB could also reduce the incidence of post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) in women undergoing breast cancer surgery.

Methods:
We performed an extension study of a randomized trial that compared PSPB versus control in women undergoing mastectomy. The primary outcome was any chronic pain at the surgical site or adjacent areas, defined as persistent/recurrent pain lasting ≥3 months. Secondary outcomes included neuropathic pain (score ≥4 in the Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire), use of analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs, pain intensity through the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and type, frequency, and location of the pain.

Results:
Of the 60 patients that completed the 24-hour follow-up (short-term trial), 53 (88%) completed the long-term follow-up (27 in the PSPB group and 26 in the placebo group). Six of 27 patients (22%) in the PSPB group and 17 of 26 patients (65%) in the placebo group reported any chronic pain (relative risk [RR], 0.34; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]=0.16–0.73, P=0.005). The risk of neuropathic pain was also lower in the PSPB group than in the placebo group (18.5% vs. 54%, respectively; RR, 0.34; 95% CI=0.14–0.82, P=0.02). There were no differences regarding all other pain-related outcomes considering the patients who developed PMPS.

Discussion:
The results suggest that, in the long term, PSPB-treated participants were associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of PMPS than those who received standard general anesthesia.

Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03966326).
The Association Between Sociodemographic Factors, Social Determinants of Health, and Spine Surgical Patient Portal Utilization
Authors: Owolo Edwin , Petitt Zoey , Charles Antoinette , Baëta César , Poehlein Emily , Green Cynthia , Cook Chad , Sperber Jacob , Chandiramani Anisha , Roman Matthew , Goodwin C. Rory , Erickson Melissa 
Published: April 2023

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
To examine patient portal use among the surgical spine patient population across different sociodemographic groups and assess the impact of patient portal use on clinical outcomes.

Summary of Background Data:
Patient portals (PP) have been shown to improve outcomes and quality of care. Engaging them requires internet access, technological literacy, and dexterity, which may serve as access barriers.

Methods:
After exclusion criteria were applied, the study included data for 9211 encounters from 7955 patients. PP utilization was defined as having activated and used the Duke University Medical Center patient portal system, MyChart, at least once. Sociodemographic characteristics included urbanicity, age, race, ethnicity, language, employment, and primary insurer. Clinical outcomes included the length of hospital stay during the procedure, 30-day return to the emergency department, 30-day readmission, and being discharged somewhere other than home.

Results:
Being older than 65, non-White, unemployed, non–English-speaking, male, not-partnered, uninsured or publicly insured (Medicaid, Medicare and under 65 years of age, or other government insurance), and living in a rural environment were all risk factors for decreased PP utilization among surgical spine patients. A one-risk factor decrease in the number of social risk factors was associated with a 78% increase in the odds of PP utilization [odds ratio (OR): 1.78; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.69–1.87; P<0.001]. Patients not utilizing the portal at the time of their procedure had higher odds of 30-day readmission (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.26–2.00), discharge somewhere other than home (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.95–2.99), and an increased length of hospital stay (geometric mean ratio: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.12–1.30) compared with those who utilized it.

Conclusions:
In patients undergoing spine procedures, PPs are not equally utilized among different sociodemographic groups. PP utilization is also associated with better outcomes. Interventions aimed at increasing PP uptake may improve care for certain patients.
Factors Influencing Entry-Level Physical Therapy Graduates' Decisions to Participate in Residency Education
Authors: Lewis Alexis , Rhodes Scott , Abraham Karen , Lievre Arthur J. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction.
All Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs in the United States prepare students to demonstrate entry-level clinical performance upon graduation. Clinical residency programs are an option for DPT graduates seeking to specialize in a practice area.

Review of Literature.
There is little research published on why DPT graduates decide to pursue residency education (RE) or not. This study aimed to determine factors influencing a Physical Therapist’s (PT) decision-making process in choosing to pursue a postgraduate residency.

Subjects.
PTs within 3 years of graduation and third-year DPT program students were surveyed. Most respondents were from DPT programs in the northeastern United States.

Methods.
A survey was created, piloted, and disseminated to various DPT programs. The survey asked participants their perceptions of motivating factors or barriers to pursuing a RE using multiple choice questions and Likert items. Descriptive statistics and frequencies were reported. One-way analysis of variances, chi-square analysis, and unpaired t tests were used.

Results.
Students who considered residency in their second year are 26.5× more likely to apply for a residency (P < .001). Participants strongly agreed with the statements that residency will increase confidence when practicing in their specialty area (1.39 ± 0.48), expand their knowledge as clinicians (1.39 ± 0.051), and expedite proficient practice (1.72 ± 0.057). Participants considered student burnout, the cost of residency, student loan debt, and geographical relocation as the top barriers to pursuing residency. Men were significantly more confident in their ability to apply to residency (F = 8.219, P = .005). Married individuals perceived loans or financial obligations (F = 3.607, P = .029), family obligations (F = 17.170, P < .001), and geographical limitations (F = 3.825, P = .024) as barriers more than single individuals.

Discussion and Conclusion.
There are many variables DPT students and recent graduates consider when deciding whether to pursue RE. RPs and entry-level DPT programs should consider these factors to promote increased participation in postprofessional RE.