bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New material to the biography of the first elected rector of the Moscow Theological Academy, Archpriest Anatoly Petrovich Orlov: Family origins and student years at the Moscow Theological Academy
Authors: Федоров  Д. М. свящ. Федоров  Д. М. свящ. 
Published: September 2023

В настоящее время Комиссией по канонизации святых при Епархиальном совете г. Москвы поднят вопрос о канонизации протоиерея Анатолия Петровича Орлова. Однако на данный момент нет подробного исследования его жизни, что позволило бы проанализировать путь первого выборного ректора Московской духовной академии. Статья содержит в себе краткий очерк жизни первого выборного ректора Московской духовной академии протоиерея Анатолия Петровича Орлова (1879–1937 гг.) до вступления на преподавательский путь. Понимание и анализ периода становления Анатолия Орлова как ученого и профессора поможет понять его дальнейший путь на поприще преподавания и ректорства. Особое внимание в статье уделяется поступлению А. П. Орлова в Академию и студенческим годам в стенах Троице-Сергиевой Лавры. Будучи первым студентом на курсе, А. П. Орлов показывал блестящие результаты в усвоении преподаваемых дисциплин, получая всевозможные награды за достигаемые результаты. Его кандидатское сочинение было признано лучшим и отмечено премией прот. А. М. Иванцова-Платонова, которая ежегодно выдавалась в Академии за лучшее кандидатское сочинение на курсе. Несмотря на то, что по окончании Академии в 1904 г. Анатолия Петровича Орлова оставили в качестве профессорского стипендиата, а затем избрали экстраординарным профессором, в штрафной книге отображается его участие в семинарском движении, однако с последующим исправлением. Основными источниками для написания статьи послужили архивные материалы из отдела рукописей Российской государственной библиотеки, часть фондов Государственного архива Ярославской области, а также Журналы заседаний Совета Московской духовной академии, изданные с 1901 по 1905 гг.
The article by the 1st year Master`s student of the Moscow Theological Academy, Priest Dmitry Fedorov, contains a brief sketch of the life of the first elected Rector of the Moscow Theological Academy, Archpriest Anatoly Petrovich Orlov (1879–1937), before his entry into the teaching profession. Particular attention in the article is given to Anatoly Orlov's enrollment in the Academy and his student years within the walls of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. As the first student in his course, Orlov showed brilliant results in mastering the subjects he taught, receiving all sorts of awards for the results he achieved. His Candidate's Thesis was recognized as the best in the course and was awarded the Archpriest A. M. Ivantsov-Platonov Award, which was given for the best Candidate's Thesis. Despite the fact that upon graduation from the Academy in 1904 A. Orlov was retained as a professor's scholar and later was elected extra-ordinary professor, his participation in the revolutionary movement is reflected in the ticket`s book.
Atheistic propaganda in the Udmurt ASSR during the period of Khrushchev's persecutions
Authors: Секретарев   С. А. Секретарев   С. А. 
Published: September 2023

В статье рассмотрены методы атеистической пропаганды в Удмуртской республике в период 1958–1964 гг. Анализируется деятельность местных властей, направленная на борьбу с Православием в Удмуртии. Автор разбирает различные аспекты этой деятельности: как саму атеистическую пропаганду, так и административные меры, направленные против Церкви, священнослужителей и мирян.
The article examines the methods of atheistic propaganda in Udmurt ASSR during the period 1958–1964 years. Local authorities’ activity against Orthodox Christianity is analyzed. The author researches different aspects of this activity: atheistic propaganda and administrative actions against Russian Orthodox Church and its clerics and parishioners.
Literature from the Russian Diaspora forming the image of Emperor Nicholas in the 1920s
Authors: Задикян   С. С. Задикян   С. С. 
Published: September 2023

В статье рассмотрена литература Русского зарубежья, формирующая образ императора Николая II в 1920-х годах. Она выражена преимущественно в дневниках и мемуарах очевидцев событий, связанных с падением монархии в России, что придает данной литературе определенную ценность. Анализируются наиболее значимые источники данного периода, в которых присутствует характеристика последнего русского царя. Автор выявляет особенности трудов, их характер и значимость. Также рассматривается контекст их написания, имеющий сильное влияние на содержание данных трудов и, в первую очередь, на восприятие личности императора Николая II.
The article examines the literature of the Russian diaspora, forming the image of Emperor Nicholas II in the 1920s. It is expressed mainly in diaries and memoirs of eyewitnesses of events related to the fall of the monarchy in Russia, which gives this literature a certain value. The most significant sources of this period, in which there is a characteristic of the last Russian tsar, are analyzed. The author reveals the features of the works, their nature and significance. The context of their writing is also considered, which has a strong influence on the content of these works and, first of all, on the perception of the personality of Emperor Nicholas II.
The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the Implementation of China&apos;s Educational Policy in Inner Asia
Authors: Aktamov Innokentii 
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to a brief overview of the main trends in educational cooperation between Russia, China and Mongolia. The focus of the research is the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as a special cultural and educational space within which interaction in the field of higher education is implemented. Based on statistical data, it was revealed that students from Mongolia and the regions of Siberia and the Russian Far East represent the overwhelming majority in the proportion of foreign students in the region. The main &quot;attraction factors&quot; are scholarship programs at various levels — the Government of the People&apos;s Republic of China, the People&apos;s Government of Inner Mongolia and universities. A significant incentive is the allocation of special quotas for applicants from Mongolia, as well as partner universities from Russia. The universities of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region over the past 15 years have become one of the key centers for attracting foreign students from Mongolia and the Russian regions of Inner Asia. The Chinese leadership considers Inner Mongolia as an important region for the implementation of domestic national policy. In recent years, this region has played an important role in building relations with Mongolia and Russia in the context of China&apos;s global initiatives and humanitarian cooperation in general. Quite possibly that in the future Inner Mongolia will fulfill strategic tasks both from the point of view of domestic policy and from the implementation of the PR China&apos;s foreign policy.
Acknowledgements:

I would like to express deep gratitude to Prof. Luo Jianjin (罗见近教授) for his guidance, encouragement and gracious support throughout my scientific work in Li Di Institute of the Institute of History of Science and Technology of The Inner Mongolia Normal University (内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究学院李迪书院).
The Intensification of the Struggle for Influence in Oceania and the Role of Japan
Authors: Gordeeva Irina V. 
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to Japan&apos;s policy towards Oceania in the context of the growing confrontation in the region between the coalition of Western powers led by the United States, seeking to maintain and consolidate their dominant positions in Oceania, and China, which is increasingly gaining strength. The Pacific Region, with its important geostrategic position and huge resources, is becoming one of the fronts of the offensive launched by the United States and its allies to strengthen their dominant positions on the world stage. At the same time, China continues its systematic advance in the region, relying on its growing economic power, accumulated large financial assets and steadily increasing technological level. The political, economic, and military aspects of the interaction of the dominant countries in the region with small developing island states, as well as their positions in the context of increased competition and tension between the powers are studied.
Particular attention is paid to Japan&apos;s desire to strengthen relations with the countries of Oceania and search for its place while maintaining close ties with the United States and its allies. Japan and island States have deep historical ties and successfully cooperate in many areas. Security issues, economic and logistical interests of Tokyo play an important role in this cooperation. Extensive multilateral and bilateral mechanisms for interaction with Pacific island countries have been created, relying on which Tokyo secures its interests in the region.

An important role in this situation is played by the position of the Pacific island States, which are increasingly openly declaring their interest in developing relations with all parties, guided primarily by their own interests, the possibilities of obtaining financial and economic assistance to solve the serious problems that have accumulated in the region.
The Torsional Fretting Wear Behavior of Titanium Alloy
Authors: Guo Zhibo , Yan Pei , Gu Huiqing , Song Yifan , Teng Longlong , Jiao Li , Wang Xibin 
Published: September 2023

Torsional fretting behavior of TC4 titanium alloy has been investigated at different fretting parameters to explore the fretting wear resistance and wear mechanisms of titanium alloy. The fretting loops, dissipated friction energy and friction torque under different normal load (100N and 200N), angular displacement (±0.5° and ±2°) and frequency (10Hz and 15Hz) were studied to reveal the mechanical behavior during fretting. Results showed that normal load made difference in friction torque while angular displacement was the most important factor in dissipated friction energy. And fretting ran in gross slip regime under the above fretting parameters. Surface morphology of fretting scars was characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The shape of fretting scars was hourglass, appearing narrow and shallow in the middle, wide and deep on both sides. The section profiles of the fretting scars were shape of “V”. Besides, wear depth and wear volume increased under larger normal load and angular displacement. SEM images depicted that adhesive wear, delamination and fatigue occurred during fretting.
Śūnya-Kathā or interplay of being and nothingness
Authors: Gangopadhyay Debajyoti 
Published: September 2023

Devising means of expressing _nothingness_ comprises a significant part of global history of ideas. Though representing _nothingness_ is having an underlying oxymoronic tone, the concept of _śūnya_ or _nirākāra_ can still be considered as one of the primordial archetypes of human thought process which continued to express itself in different ways in mathematics, philosophy as well as in different psycho- somatic variants.

Here we will give a brief outline of the development of understanding of _śūnya_ in different Indian traditions and the ways one can be engagedtoday with these from modern logical and empirical perspective.
Bioactive glass scaffolds for bone loss in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA)
Authors: Shafaghi Romina 
Published: September 2023

<p>Bone loss that compromises implant fixation is a challenge in both total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). One method to address this is the use of bioactive glass scaffolds designed with adequate load bearing strength, a degradation rate that matches that of bone formation and a microstructure similar to that of human trabecular bone. </p>
<p>Titania-containing borate bioactive glass scaffolds based on the glass system (52-X) B2O3-12 CaO-6P2O5-14Na2O-16ZnO-XTiO2 with X varying from 0, 5 and 15 mol% of TiO2 incorporated, identified as BRT0, BRT1 and BRT3 scaffolds, respectively, were fabricated using a polymer foam replication technique. Increasing TiO2 decreased the pore sizes and the porosity of the scaffolds, but they were nevertheless within the range for human trabecular bone. BRT3 scaffolds with greater TiO2 content exhibited superior mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural rigidity and flexural strength) compared to BRT0 and BRT1 scaffolds. After 30 days in de-ionized water increases in TiO2 content from 0 to 15 mol % increased the compressive strength from 3 to 6 MPa. The flexural rigidity and flexural strength of the scaffolds were found to depend strongly on porosity. Moreover, the results showed that the compressive strengths of the scaffolds were within the range for human trabecular bone, however their flexural strengths were lower than that of human trabecular bone. Ion release profile studies determined that by increasing TiO2 the cumulative ion release from the scaffolds decreased remarkably. Also, it was observed that immersing the scaffolds in de-ionized water resulted in an increase in pH of all the scaffold extracts from 7.0 to 8.5 after 30 days. </p>
<p>An In-vitro study of the borate bioactive glass scaffolds using an MTT assay revealed that ions released from BRT1and BRT3 had no significant effect on proliferation and activity of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells at day 14. At day 30, all the scaffold extracts decreased proliferation and activity of MC3T3-E1 cells due to the closed nature of the test. However, live/dead cell assay results showed that the degradation products from all the scaffolds had no inhibitory effect on viability of MC3T3-E1 cells. BRT1 and BRT3 extracts also exhibited significant bactericidal efficacies against Escherishia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis. Moreover, evaluation of cell / bioactive glass surface interactions showed well-spread cells on BRT3 scaffolds. </p>
<p>In conclusion, the superior physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties of BRT3 scaffolds compared to BRT0 and BRT1 scaffolds, make them more desirable for addressing bone loss in rTKA.</p>
Improving Reproducibility and Efficiency of Interstitial HDR Brachytherapy Through MRI-based Targeted Innovations
Authors: Shaaer Amani 
Published: September 2023

<p>Interstitial high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy is a well-established treatment for prostate and gynecological cancers. HDR brachytherapy involves delivery of a high dose of radiation to the target with minimum dose to the surrounding tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been explored as a main imaging modality for accurate target identification. Superior soft tissue resolution has been reported with MRI, increasing the accuracy of brachytherapy procedure. Clinical HDR brachytherapy workflows employing MRI are seeing increases in adoption. However, these require additional resources and patient transfers, which increases the planning time and the risk of catheters displacement. In addition, interstitial catheter reconstruction during interstitial brachytherapy procedure is challenging. Thus, accurate and efficient methods of incorporating the MRI imaging in interstitial HDR brachytherapy procedures need to be considered. </p>
<p>In this thesis, a robust MRI-based algorithm and workflow were developed for treatment planning of interstitial HDR brachytherapy for prostate and gynecological cancers. An in-house MRI-to Ultrasound image registration algorithm was developed and evaluated for accurate identification of dominant intraprostatic lesions. The dosimetric impact of the registration was also assessed. Furthermore, an in-house MR-line marker was used in evaluating the feasibility of MR-only interstitial gynecological HDR brachytherapy workflow. The impact of the MR-only workflow on the target coverage and normal tissue sparing was evaluated. The dosimetric difference between the conventional approach and the proposed MR-only approaches was also compared and reported. Finally, a deep learning-assisted algorithm was developed for robust catheter reconstruction. The algorithm was benchmarked against the manual reconstruction and their efficiency was evaluated. </p>
<p>Based on the results, the MRI-based innovations developed in this work are feasible for implementation in clinical brachytherapy workflows for treatment planning of prostate and gynecological cancers.</p>
Use of pulsed high intensity focused ultrasound to study the response of brain endothelial cells to mechanical injury
Authors: Kaur Rajwinder 
Published: September 2023

<p>This work investigated the significance of a sublethal primary mechanical injury induced by pulsed high intensity focused ultrasound (pHIFU) and mechanical stretching techniques to mouse brain endothelial cell (bEND.3) nuclei in vitro followed by secondary hypoxia. The lateral size of the pHIFU beam’s focal spot (~ 1.7 mm) was obtained by characterizing the pHIFU system, and the transparency of the membrane on which the cells were to be cultured was determined theoretically and experimentally. Preliminary assessment of injury using a MTT assay (3-(4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) at high acoustic pressures (3.15 MPa and 1.04 MPa for 50 ms) demonstrated cell damage. In the subsequent experiments, the cells were sublethally exposed to either pHIFU (0.57 MPa for 50ms) or stretch injuries (0.012 – 0.014 MPa for 50 ms). After each primary injury, the cells were either fully normoxic for 24 h or were subjected to a 6 h hypoxic environment followed by an 18 h recovery under normoxic conditions. The morphological parameters (area and circularity) of bEND.3 nuclei post-treatment were measured using an image analysis tool (ImageJ) for three primary treatments (control, pHIFU and stretch) and evaluated by plotting the scatterplots. Compared to the control group, a statistically significant decrease in circularity of bEND.3 nuclei was observed when the cells were subjected to 6 h hypoxia following a primary injury whereas nuclear area remained unchanged. The percentage of deformed nuclei also increased to ~ 19 % for pHIFU and stretch injury groups after 18 h normoxia following primary and secondary insult (6 h hypoxia), demonstrating cells’ inability to recover due to injury. However, when this hypoxic-normoxic regimen was not preceded by a pHIFU (or mechanical stretch) primary injury, nuclei recovered their original shape successfully. In conclusion, as shown in this study, cells became more susceptible to secondary hypoxic injury after being exposed to an initial mechanical insult. </p>
The role of visual, auditory, and tactile cues in the perception of illusory self-motion (vection) in younger and older adults
Authors: Murovec Brandy 
Published: September 2023

<p>One of the most critical components to an immersive experience in Virtual Reality (VR) is vection, defined as the illusion of self-motion. Vection is a multisensory phenomenon, relying on cues from a multitude of sensory modalities such as visual, auditory, and tactile. As a natural result of aging, the sensory systems which detect and process these cues decline. The objective of the present study was to investigate vection in adults of different ages, to test how age-related changes may influence the perception of vection. Twenty-four younger adults and 10 older adults were recruited to participate in a study at Toronto Rehabilitation Institute’s StreetLab. Participants were seated in a rotatable chair in StreetLab and exposed to revolving visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli inducing the illusion of circular vection. Results indicated older adults experienced notably longer durations overall, as well as an audio by tactile interaction regarding vection intensity. </p>
Self-Focused Rumination as a Potential Cognitive Risk Factor in Stress-Related Disturbed Sleep
Authors: Lau Parky 
Published: September 2023

<p> </p>
<p>Research to date in the insomnia literature has primarily focused on maintaining factors of sleep disturbance, with few studies examining potential predisposing factors of protracted insomnia. Predisposing factors may potentiate sleep disturbances and subsequently increase the window of vulnerability for the development of more concerning issues regarding sleep health. Greater empirical attention towards the putative risk factors related to insomnia could lead to the identification of individuals at risk of developing chronic sleep disturbances and inform preventative treatment. The current study investigates self-focused rumination as a potential cognitive risk factor in the development of insomnia. An at-risk population (i.e., young adults) responded to questionnaires examining tendencies to engage in repetitive negative thinking (i.e., rumination, worry, and general negative repetitive thinking), psychological symptoms, insomnia severity, and other sleep-related constructs at two different time points one-week apart. Collectively, the results determine that (1) self-focused rumination was significantly associated with insomnia severity, however, this effect dissipated after controlling for other types of repetitive negative thinking. (2) Symptom-focused rumination was the sole significant predictor of insomnia severity above and beyond self-focused rumination, worry, general negative repetitive thinking), and baseline subjective insomnia severity in self-defined poor sleepers. In self-defined good sleepers, general negative repetitive thinking uniquely predicted subjective insomnia severity. (3) Self-focused rumination was not a significant moderator of the stress-sleep relationship. (4) There exists a counter association between subjective insomnia severity and self focused rumination, with insomnia significantly predicting self-focused rumination one-week later. The findings provide initial support for repetitive negative thinking as a cognitive risk factor to insomnia through a stress-specific pathway. While theoretical processes underlying a transdiagnostic approach to negative repetitive thinking remain untested, the results suggest there is clinical significance in ruminative content from a disorder-specific perspective. Limitations and future directions with respect to conducting a more methodologically sound and intimate study using ecological momentary assessments to evaluate the relationship between stress, sleep, and cognitions are provided. </p>
The Role of Perceived Rejection and Cognitive Reappraisal in the Experience of Anger in Individuals High in Social Anxiety
Authors: Tsekova Virginia 
Published: September 2023

<p>Two studies examined anger in social anxiety. Data collection began with laboratory visits, and ended with teleconference sessions due to a “lockdown” period during the COVID-19 outbreak. Study 1 examined anger reactivity and effectiveness of cognitive reappraisal to regulate anger among individuals with high social anxiety (HSA; n=37) and low social anxiety (LSA; n=29) using rejection-salient films. Those in the HSA group displayed greater anger reactivity than those in the LSA group, but displayed similar benefits from instructed cognitive reappraisal. Study 2 examined the role of perceived rejection in the experience of anger in individuals with HSA (n=28) and LSA (n=25) using daily diaries over 14 days. Participants with HSA reported greater anger intensity than those with LSA in situations involving rejection, and those not involving rejection. Participants with HSA reported more frequent anger episodes involving rejection of others compared to participants with LSA. Implications of these findings are discussed. </p>