bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated multi-omics reveals anaplerotic rewiring in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency
Authors: Forny Patrick , Bonilla Ximena , Lamparter David , Shao Wenguang , Plessl Tanja , Frei Caroline , Bingisser Anna , Goetze Sandra , van Drogen Audrey , Harshman Keith , Pedrioli Patrick G. A. , Howald Cedric , Poms Martin , Traversi Florian , Bürer Céline , Cherkaoui Sarah , Morscher Raphael J. , Simmons Luke , Forny Merima , Xenarios Ioannis , Aebersold Ruedi , Zamboni Nicola , Rätsch Gunnar , Dermitzakis Emmanouil T. , Wollscheid Bernd , Baumgartner Matthias R. , Froese D. Sean 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMethylmalonic aciduria (MMA) is an inborn error of metabolism with multiple monogenic causes and a poorly understood pathogenesis, leading to the absence of effective causal treatments. Here we employ multi-layered omics profiling combined with biochemical and clinical features of individuals with MMA to reveal a molecular diagnosis for 177 out of 210 (84%) cases, the majority (148) of whom display pathogenic variants in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT). Stratification of these data layers by disease severity shows dysregulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and its replenishment (anaplerosis) by glutamine. The relevance of these disturbances is evidenced by multi-organ metabolomics of a hemizygous Mmut mouse model as well as through identification of physical interactions between MMUT and glutamine anaplerotic enzymes. Using stable-isotope tracing, we find that treatment with dimethyl-oxoglutarate restores deficient tricarboxylic acid cycling. Our work highlights glutamine anaplerosis as a potential therapeutic intervention point in MMA.
Extracellular acidosis restricts one-carbon metabolism and preserves T cell stemness
Authors: Cheng Hongcheng , Qiu Yajing , Xu Yue , Chen Li , Ma Kaili , Tao Mengyuan , Frankiw Luke , Yin Hongli , Xie Ermei , Pan Xiaoli , Du Jing , Wang Zhe , Zhu Wenjie , Chen Lu , Zhang Lianjun , Li Guideng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe accumulation of acidic metabolic waste products within the tumor microenvironment inhibits effector functions of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, it remains unclear how an acidic environment affects T cell metabolism and differentiation. Here we show that prolonged exposure to acid reprograms T cell intracellular metabolism and mitochondrial fitness and preserves T cell stemness. Mechanistically, elevated extracellular acidosis impairs methionine uptake and metabolism via downregulation of SLC7A5, therefore altering H3K27me3 deposition at the promoters of key T cell stemness genes. These changes promote the maintenance of a ‘stem-like memory’ state and improve long-term in vivo persistence and anti-tumor efficacy in mice. Our findings not only reveal an unexpected capacity of extracellular acidosis to maintain the stem-like properties of T cells, but also advance our understanding of how methionine metabolism affects T cell stemness.
The impact of working alliance in managing youth anxiety and depression: a scoping review
Authors: Dambi Jermaine M. , Mavhu Webster , Beji-Chauke Rhulani , Kaiyo-Utete Malinda , Mills Rhiana , Shumba Ruvimbo , Muchemwa Sidney , Musesengwa Rosemary , Verhey Ruth , Abas Melanie , Hirsch Colette R. , Chibanda Dixon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA working alliance (WA) is a multidimensional construct signifying a collaborative relationship between a client and a therapist. Systematic reviews of therapies to treat depression and anxiety, almost exclusively in adults, show WA is essential across psychotherapies. However, there are critical gaps in our understanding of the importance of WA in low-intensity therapies for young people with depression and anxiety. Here, we describe an initiative to explore the effect of WA on anxiety and depression outcomes in youth aged 14–24 years through a scoping review and stakeholders’ consultations (N = 32). We analysed 27 studies; most were done in high-income countries and evaluated one-on-one in-person therapies (18/27). The review shows that optimal WA is associated with improvements in: relationships, self-esteem, positive coping strategies, optimism, treatment adherence, and emotional regulation. Young people with lived experience expressed that: a favourable therapy environment, regular meetings, collaborative goal setting and confidentiality were vital in forming and maintaining a functional WA. For a clinician, setting boundaries, maintaining confidentiality, excellent communication skills, being non-judgmental, and empathy were considered essential for facilitating a functional WA. Overall, a functional WA was recognised as an active ingredient in psychotherapies targeting anxiety and depression in young people aged 14–24. Although more research is needed to understand WA’s influence in managing anxiety and depression in young people, we recommend routine evaluation of WA. Furthermore, there is an urgent need to identify strategies that promote WA in psychotherapies to optimise the treatment of anxiety and depression in young people.
Electrode-modified block copoly-ionic liquid boosting the CO2reduction toward CO in water-based media
Authors: Grammatico Domenico , Marcasuzaa Pierre , Viterisi Aurelien , Bousquet Antoine , Su Bao-Lian , Billon Laurent 
Published: January 2023

Selective CO2 reduction to CO is observed by a Block CoPolyIonicLiquids coating on immobilized Re-molecular catalyst, new concept paving the way of implementing solid Ionic Liquids as efficient building blocks to boost CO2RR and suppress HER.
A federated learning scheme meets dynamic differential privacy
Authors: Guo Shengnan , Wang Xibin , Long Shigong , Liu Hai , Hai Liu , Sam Toong Hai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFederated learning is a widely used distributed learning approach in recent years, however, despite model training from collecting data become to gathering parameters, privacy violations may occur when publishing and sharing models. A dynamic approach is proposed to add Gaussian noise more effectively and apply differential privacy to federal deep learning. Concretely, it is abandoning the traditional way of equally distributing the privacy budget and adjusting the privacy budget to accommodate gradient descent federation learning dynamically, where the parameters depend on computation derived to avoid the impact on the algorithm that hyperparameters are created manually. It also incorporates adaptive threshold cropping to control the sensitivity, and finally, moments accountant is used to counting the consumed on the privacy‐preserving, and learning is stopped only if the by clients setting is reached, this allows the privacy budget to be adequately explored for model training. The experimental results on real datasets show that the method training has almost the same effect as the model learning of non‐privacy, which is significantly better than the differential privacy method used by TensorFlow.
Real‐time seed sorting system via 2D information entropy‐based CNN pruning and TensorRt acceleration
Authors: Li Chunlei , Li Huanyu , Liao Liang , Liu Zhoufeng , Dong Yan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeed sorting based on deep neural networks is one of the important applications of seed variety identification and quality purification. However, DNNs is difficult to deploy on embedded devices since the consumption of computational and storage resource. To address these problems, this paper proposes a pipeline‐style neural network framework for real‐time seed sorting. First, we propose a novel algorithm, 2D information entropy, pruning redundant filters to realize structured pruning. Then, the pruning rate of each convolution layer is determined by visualizing the results of 2D entropy. Meanwhile, the pruned network is fine‐tuned to recover the performance. Finally, TensorRT is utilized to optimize and accelerate the pruned model for deployment in Jeston Nano. Experiments on two large‐scale seed‐sorting datasets demonstrate the significant improvement of the proposed method over existing model compression methods. Experimental results on Jeston Nano show that the pruned model 2EFP‐E achieves a single image inference speed of 107 FPS, with the best accuracy of 95.94% on the red kidney bean dataset.
Fully soft switched high step‐up/down bidirectional buck/boost converter with reduced switch voltage stress
Authors: Packnezhad Mohsen , Talebi Pouria , Farzanehfard Hosein 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA fully soft switched high step‐up/down bidirectional converter is presented in this paper. The high voltage conversion ratio is achieved by a pair of coupled inductors along with a switched capacitor while all active switches operate at zero voltage switching. To provide soft switching condition for the main switches and absorb the leakage inductance energy of coupled inductors, active clamp circuits are utilized for both operating modes. Furthermore, all active switches body diodes which are utilized as converter diodes turn off at zero current switching (ZCS) and thus, the reverse recovery problem is eradicated. Additionally, the voltage stress of the main switches is reduced in comparison with the basic bidirectional buck/boost converter and thus, their drain‐source resistance is relatively lower which leads to considerably lower conduction loss. All the mentioned advantages along with relatively low number of components contribute to the converter efficiency. Theoretical analysis of the proposed converter is presented in detail for both operating modes and the experimental results from the implementation of a 300 W prototype circuit confirm the validity of the converter performance. A comprehensive comparison table between the proposed converter and the recent counterpart bidirectional converters is presented to demonstrate the converter advantages.
A zero switch and sensorless reconfiguration approach for sustainable operation of roof‐top photovoltaic system during partial shading
Authors: Aljafari Belqasem , Satpathy Priya Ranjan , Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu , Haes Alhelou Hassan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhotovoltaic (PV) roof‐top systems in real‐time environments are highly susceptible to the commonly occurring scenario of partial shading that occurs due to unavoidable conditions such as the shadow of buildings and trees. The occurrence of partial shading creates a serious mismatch among the modules of PV arrays that results in severe unexpected power losses in PV arrays. The conventional and hybrid configurations used for loss mitigation in PV arrays are sometimes unreliable and incapable of generating higher power during partial shading. Hence, this paper focuses on the development of a simple and effective technique for the reliable operation of PV arrays and loss reduction during the occurrence of partial shading. The technique is applicable to arbitrary array sizes having no dynamic parts and requires no switches and sensors for implementation to enhance the performance and operation of the system. The performance and reliability of the technique have been investigated under MATLAB simulation and real‐time scenarios by comparing it with various configurations under shading. The investigation reveals a higher power output by the proposed technique with an average conversion efficiency of higher than 90% and power enhancement of 19.07% than other configurations.
Electronic spectroscopy of heptacene ions in the search for carriers of diffuse interstellar bands
Authors: Kappe Miriam , Schiller Arne , Zappa Fabio , Krasnokutski Serge A. , Wagner Marie S. , Bettinger Holger F. , Scheier Paul 
Published: January 2023

Context. The absorption bands of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the optical and near-infrared regions called the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) have been known for almost a century, yet their origins remain largely unknown. Knowledge of molecular carriers of DIBs would allow for a much better understanding of the chemistry and physics of the ISM. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and, among them, polyacenes have been suggested as promising candidates for carriers of DIBs.
Aims. In this paper, we report on the spectroscopy of heptacene (Hep), the polyacene molecule consisting of seven aromatic rings in a linear arrangement, in its cationic and anionic forms (Hep+/−). The performed spectroscopic studies made it possible to accurately determine the Hep+/− absorption band positions and to conduct a direct comparison of laboratory and observational spectra.
Methods. We utilized helium-tagging action spectroscopy to measure the spectra of Hep+/− in a wide spectral range of 3000–13 000 Å. In most cases, the spectra obtained by this method can be directly compared with the observational spectra. By analyzing the spectral shift as a function of the number of attached helium atoms, we obtained precise estimates of the gas-phase band positions. Quantum-chemical computations were used to support and interpret the findings. Matrix isolation spectroscopy provided information on the spectral properties of neutral Hep and extended the spectral range for Hep+.
Results. We found several absorption bands characterized by a rather large full width at half maximum in the spectra of Hep+/−. The two most intense bands were found at 4714 ± 5 Å and 12 250 ± 12 Å for Hep+ and at 4673 ± 14 Å and 11326 ± 4 Å for Hep−. We did not find any good match between laboratory and observational spectra. In particular, the intrinsic width of the absorption bands of Hep+/− is much higher than that of most observed DIBs.
Conclusions. The non-detection of Hep+/− in the observational spectra excludes the bottom-up formation route for polyacenes in the ISM. Larger polyacene molecules could still be considered as potential carriers of DIBs in the case of an efficient top-down formation route. All currently measured polyacene ions exhibit relatively broad absorption bands. Therefore, additional spectroscopy studies of neutral polyacenes and larger polyacene ions as well as the study of possible top-down formation routes are suggested.
Intelligent decision support in the optimization of irrigation systems in agriculture
Authors: Kabildjanov Alexander , Okhunboboyeva Charos , Ismailov Sarvarbek 
Published: January 2023

The issues of determining the optimal values of the regulatory parameters of irrigation systems engaged in the cultivation of agricultural crops are considered. Following the requirements of a market economy, the main emphasis is placed on taking into account two types of criteria: maximizing the yield of agricultural crops and minimizing monetary costs. The proposed method for solving the multi-criteria optimization problem is based on the combination of the minimax criterion and the medium-step convolution, which makes it possible to scalarize the vector optimality criterion with access to smooth optimization methods. Concerning the case of priority uncertainty according to particular optimality criteria, an intelligent algorithm is proposed based on the approximation of the preference function of the decision-maker by the fuzzy Mamdani model. The multi-criteria optimization of the irrigation system used for growing cotton results differ favorably from the average values.
The one hectare yield in the republic- increased by 2%, monetary costs - reduced by 4.5%. It could be concluded that the developed methodology makes it possible to bypass the computational difficulties that arise when solving problems of multi-criteria optimization of irrigation systems engaged in the cultivation of agricultural crops and to obtain real results in conditions of certainty and uncertainty goals.
Comparison of microcrack formation boundaries determined by complex of physical methods with long-term strength of expanded clay concrete under different types of stress state
Authors: Raupov Chorikul , Malikov Ganisher 
Published: January 2023

This work aims to experimentally study the strength and strain of expanded clay concrete during short-term and long-term compression and tension under various loading modes.
A technique for testing expanded clay concrete under short-term and long-term compression and tension, including the boundaries of microcrack formation by a complex of physical methods (tensometric, ultrasonic pulsed, and acoustic emission), is given.
The results of tests of expanded clay concrete under short-term and long-term monotonic loading under compression and tension and low-cycle loading under compression, as well as the boundaries of microcrack formation by a complex of physical methods, are obtained. The boundaries of microcrack formation are compared with the long-term strength of expanded clay concrete under various types of stressed states. Strain diagrams of expanded clay concrete under axial compression and tension, and "ultrasound transmission speed - stress level" and "number of acoustic pulses - stress level" diagrams are also obtained.
Empirical formulas are proposed for determining the boundaries of microcracking in expanded clay concrete and the relationship between the level of long-term strength and the time of staying specimens under load in compression and tension. The results allow the formulation of several proposals and clarifications for normative documents to calculate and design lightweight concrete elements and structures.
Theoretical substantiation of the form of working separator bodies at pre-sowing stone soil treatments
Authors: Alikulov Saydilla , Sharipov Zayniddin , Igamberdiyev Asqar , Farmonov Erkin , Khakimov Bakhodir 
Published: January 2023

The article discusses a method for planting seeds in stony soil and a device for its implementation. It has been established that the quality of seed placement in the soil significantly depends on the quality of formation of the earthy soil layer at a depth of seed placement.A method is proposed for planting seeds in stony soil, which includes cutting off the upper layer of stony soil with its simultaneous separation, formation of stony and fine-grained layers from it and laying them alternately on top of each other, forming grooves, laying seeds on its bottom and falling asleep seeds with soil. In contrast, the depth of cut of the upper layer of stony soil is taken equal to the sum of the depth of seeding and the maximum size of stones. To implement the method, a proposed device includes a frame, a ploughshare mounted on it, and a separating grid made of several parallel wire elements, sowing machines, disc coulters, and fenders.The economic efficiency of the proposed technical solution is associated with maintaining the period of the emergence of seedlings and, accordingly, increasing the yield of crops, as well as increasing the productivity of sowing machines.
The effects of solar radio bursts on frequency bands utilised by the aviation industry in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: McKee Sarah Ruth , Cilliers Pierre Johannes , Lotz Stefan , Monstein Christian 
Published: January 2023

Solar radio bursts have been associated with a number of disruptions in avionic systems. The objective of this work is to develop solar radio burst interference thresholds which account for the technical specifications of aviation-related instrumentation, instrument operating frequencies as well as industry stipulated error tolerances. Solar radio bursts are suggested to be potentially hazardous when exceeding these calculated thresholds. Particular attention is paid to the radio altimeter, an important component in aviation safety. The thresholds suggested in this work for VHF communication, GPS navigation receivers and radio altimeter frequencies are; 102, 103, and 104 sfu respectively. Solar radio burst interference (for solar radio bursts above 104 sfu) is shown to result in large errors (64–251 m) in the altitude estimates for the Frequency Modulated Continuous Waves (FMCW) radio altimeter simulated in this work.
Importance of Vitamin D Status and Nerve Conduction in Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Polat İpek , Köse Seda Şirin , Ayanoğlu Müge , Okur Derya , Bayram Erhan , Yiş Uluç , Asilsoy Suna , Kurul Semra Hız 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCystic fibrosis is one of the most common inherited diseases. It presents with recurrent respiratory infections, pancreatic insufficiency, and growth retardation. Neurological involvement becomes more common as life expectancy increases. Chronic hypoxia, impaired glucose intolerance, autoimmune mechanisms, vasculitis changes, and micronutrient deficiencies seem to cause neuropathy in cystic fibrosis. This study was aimed to investigate peripheral neuropathy in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients. Twenty-one cystic fibrosis patients and 19 healthy control subjects between the ages of 7 and 17 years were included. Their nerve conduction study results and laboratory investigations were analyzed. Participants were classified into four groups; 1. Cystic fibrosis with vitamin D deficiency, 2. Cystic fibrosis with normal vitamin D levels, 3. Healthy subjects with vitamin D deficiency, 4. Healthy subjects with normal vitamin D levels. We found statistically significantly lower sensory median nerve sensorial nerve action potential, sensorial sural nerve conduction velocity, and motor peroneal nerve compound motor action potential in cystic fibrosis patients with vitamin D deficiency than in other cases. We also found that the main difference between cystic fibrosis and control groups was especially in patients with low vitamin D levels. Nerve damage starts at an early age, especially in cystic fibrosis patients especially those with vitamin D deficiency. Electrophysiological evaluation to assess neuropathy is important even in asymptomatic patients. Prevention of hypovitaminosis D is important to prevent neuropathy in cystic fibrosis patients.
From local modification to global innovation: How research units in emerging economies innovate for the world
Authors: Morris Shad , Oldroyd James , Allen Ryan T. , Chng Daniel Han Ming , Han Jian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMore and more companies are turning to emerging markets as sources of global innovation to help transform business and society. However, building innovation capabilities in emerging markets is still elusive for most companies. To understand how some companies are successfully building these capabilities, we examined workers within R&D units in China across six foreign multinational corporations. In contrast with prior literature that emphasizes a structural view of who the workers interacted with to innovate, our inductive analysis highlights a behavioral view of how R&D unit personnel interact during the problem and solution search process. We identified two key behaviors associated with the problem and solution search: (1) observing customers in their everyday context, and (2) uncovering general knowledge principles from internal experts. Respectively, these behaviors helped R&D workers to question assumptions about existing products as they relate to customers and to apply useful principles from expert knowledge rather than copying solution templates. Our findings offer an alternative path to building global innovation capabilities in markets where structural constraints exist for the company.