bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with and without autism in a paediatric sample referred for polysomnography
Authors: Smith Andrea M , Johnson Ann H , Bashore Lisa 
Published: May 2023

AimsThe purpose of the study was to increase the body of knowledge related to sleep in children with autism. The specific aims were to (i) identify the subgroup of children with autism, ages 3–17 years, referred for polysomnography and (ii) describe types and frequency of clinical encounters for sleep problems in a sample of children ages 3–17 with and without the diagnosis of autism.MethodsThe authors performed a secondary data analysis of the de‐identified Nationwide Children's Hospital Sleep DataBank, a collection of encounters with children referred for polysomnography. The data were filtered for ages 3–17 years at the time of the participant's first sleep study, and further filtered for the presence of an autism diagnosis.ResultsIn the sample, there were 2838 unique participants (M = 10.5 years) with a total of 172 167 encounters between 2017 and 2019. Of these, 198 (7%) were diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asperger's Syndrome, or Pervasive Developmental Disorder. Among all participants, the most common sleep problems were apnea, snoring, non‐specified sleep disorders (including restless sleeper), circadian rhythm disorder (CRD), and insomnia. The subgroup of patients diagnosed with autism was noted to have higher frequency of several types of sleep problems, especially restless sleep, CRD and insomnia, compared to those without an autism diagnosis.ConclusionsFindings elucidate the increased presence of sleep problems in paediatric patients with autism, and the need for purposeful sleep evaluation and research given the potential impact on daytime function for these individuals and their families.
Sustainable management and improvement of genetic resources for aquaculture
Authors: Sonesson A. K. , Hallerman E. , Humphries F. , Hilsdorf A. W. S. , Leskien D. , Rosendal K. , Bartley D. , Hu X. , Garcia Gomez R. , Mair G. C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEffective genetic management of the ~700 aquatic species cultured globally should be addressed for aquaculture to make a significant contribution towards meeting the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. This article aims to identify the current status and challenges relating to the management of farmed aquatic genetic resources (AqGR) and to make recommendations for its improvement. The lack of information on the genetic status of many farmed species is a critical constraint and there is a need to characterize these resources and develop information systems and tools to monitor farmed types used for aquaculture and their wild counterparts. Risk assessment is needed when introducing non‐native species and when managing native species including developed farmed types; policies need to be improved and increased awareness and training in risk assessment are required. To increase the uptake of selective breeding in aquaculture, there is a need for the development and adoption of better and more sustainable business models, including long‐term financial instruments such as public–private partnerships. Training and technology transfer between aquaculture sectors can have significant impact, especially for lower‐value species. Nationally and globally applicable instruments and regulations need to be adapted to AqGR and become operational and be effectively implemented by countries.
Dietary assessment of 101 para‐athletes from team and individual sports
Authors: Sasaki Carolina A. L. , da Costa Teresa H. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAssessing the usual food intake of para‐athletes enables knowledge and description of nutrient intakes, providing insight into the potential nutritional status of para‐athletes and may help tailor dietary intake to their specific training needs. This study aimed to evaluate the usual intake of macronutrients and food groups and meal food patterns of athletes with a disability. We also compared dietary intake data between team and individual sport para‐athletes. One hundred and one athletes with a disability from 13 Paralympic disciplines living in Brasília, Federal District, Brazil were included. Food intake was estimated from two or four non‐consecutive 24‐h food recalls in which para‐athletes reported all food, beverages, and supplements consumed in the previous 24‐h. Dietary intake analysis was performed by implementing the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method to calculate the macronutrient and food group usual intake. Macronutrient intakes were compared to Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges for the general population and food group intakes were compared to the 2008 Brazilian National Dietary Guidelines. Para‐athletes consumed a low‐carbohydrate, adequate protein, high‐fat diet. There was no significant difference in macronutrient intake distribution between team sport and individual sport para‐athletes. Most para‐athletes had three main meals during the day. The prevalence of inadequate fruit servings in the middle and highest energy intake tertiles was significantly higher in team sport para‐athletes (92.5% and 98.4%) than in individual sport para‐athletes (90.8% and 65.5%), respectively. The prevalence of inadequate vegetable servings was significantly higher between team and individual para‐athletes for the middle energy intake tertiles. Para‐athletes generally consumed an imbalanced diet, which is a cause for concern given their additional physiological demands and specific training needs.
Assessing adipokines as potential biomarkers of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: García‐García Isabel , Fernández‐Andújar Marina , Narváez Manuel , García‐Casares Natalia 
Published: May 2023

SummaryMidlife obesity and late‐life weight loss confer a greater risk for developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the exact mechanisms behind this phenomenon are currently unknown. The answer could lie on the involvement of gastrointestinal factors, such as adipokines (e.g., leptin, adiponectin, and resistin) and ghrelin. In this context, we conducted a pre‐registered systematic review and meta‐analysis of 42 cross‐sectional and 13 longitudinal studies targeting the associations between leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and ghrelin and the prevalence of general dementia, AD, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We also examined the relationship between the four gastrointestinal factors and neurocognitive outcomes and AD‐related cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Patients with AD had lower blood leptin and higher resistin levels than cognitively normal participants. Lower leptin and higher resistin were associated with higher degree of cognitive impairment. Additionally, lower late‐life leptin levels might be associated with higher prospective risk of dementia and AD, although more studies are needed to corroborate this. Results in ghrelin and adiponectin were not conclusive, with age, sex distribution, obesity, and severity of dementia seemingly acting as moderators across several analyses. Our work might contribute to the identification of new preclinical blood markers of MCI and AD.
Plant communication across different environmental contexts suggests a role for stomata in volatile perception
Authors: Aguirre Natalie M. , Grunseich John M. , Lima Andreísa F. , Davis Stephen D. , Helms Anjel M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlants can detect herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) from their damaged neighbours and respond by enhancing or priming their defenses against future herbivore attack. Plant communication and defense priming by volatile cues has been well documented, however, the extent to which plants are able to perceive and respond to these cues across different environmental contexts remains poorly understood. We investigated how abiotic changes that modulate stomatal conductance and/or defense signalling affect the ability of maize plants to perceive HIPVs and respond by priming their defenses. During light exposure, when stomata were open and conditions allowed for defense signal biosynthesis, the individual compounds indole and (Z)−3‐hexenyl acetate primed maize defenses. Neither compound primed defenses under environmental conditions that closed stomata and/or altered defense signalling. Moreover, plants were not primed when exposed to indole or (Z)−3‐hexenyl acetate in darkness (while stomata were closed) and then subjected to simulated herbivory in the light, to ensure defense induction. The full blend of HIPVs primed maize defenses in light conditions but suppressed defense induction during dark exposure and wounding. These findings indicate that environmental context is important for plant communication and defense priming and suggest that stomata play a role in plant perception of HIPVs.
Differences in mobile food market customer outcomes between 2019 and 2021
Authors: Horning Melissa L. , Bell Adrianna , Porter Leah , Wagner Stephanie , Alver Bonnie , Kamdar Nipa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the outcomes of increasing mobile market service from mostly biweekly in 2019 to weekly in 2021.DesignRepeated, cross‐sectional customer intercept surveys.SampleMobile market customers in Summers 2019 (N = 302) and 2021 (N = 72).InterventionMobile food markets bring affordable, high‐quality foods to communities that lack such access.Measures/analysisOutcomes included food security, fruit/vegetable intake, and food‐related characteristics and behaviors. General linear and logistic regression models were used to assess associations between outcomes and survey year and length of mobile market shopping. Models were adjusted for economic assistance use, race, and ethnicity.ResultsNo outcomes were significantly different between 2019 (with mostly biweekly service) and 2021 (with weekly service). Length of mobile market shopping (e.g., >2 years, 1–2 years, etc.) was positively associated with affordable, quality food access (β = 0.20, SE = 0.10, p = .03) and fruit/vegetable intake (β = 0.28, SE = 0.08, p < .001) as well as lower odds of food insecurity in the last 12 months (aOR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.64, 0.99).ConclusionsDespite COVID‐19 interrupting scheduled market service, the length of time that a survey respondent identified as a full‐service mobile market customer was associated with higher food access and fruit/vegetable intake and reduced food insecurity odds. These findings suggest promise and encourage further evaluation.
Protective effect of Salvia plebeia R. Br ethanol extract on UVB‐induced skin photoaging in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Guo Yu , Zhang Yue , Wang Yu‐shuai , Ma LinYan , Liu Hao , Gao Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundUV exposure is one of the primary factors responsible for photoaging, causing the increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the reduction in collagen. Salvia plebeia R. Br (SP), as an herbaceous plant, contains abundant flavonoids and possesses excellent anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate the photoprotective effects of SP on UVB‐induced photodamage in immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) and Kunming mice, as well as its main active components such as homoplantaginin (HP).MethodsCCK‐8 was applied to detect the cell viability in UVB‐irradiated or non‐irradiated HaCaTs. Commercial kits were used to evaluate the levels of ROS, MDA, SA‐β‐Gal, MMP‐1, and IL‐6. The expression of MAPK and TGF‐β/Smad pathways was detected by western blot. HE and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to examine the epidermis thickness and collagen degradation of Kunming mice.ResultsOur results found that SP and HP notably decreased UVB‐induced ROS, MDA, and SA‐β‐Gal production, and inhibited MMP‐1 and IL‐6 secretion by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, SP and HP significantly promoted type I procollagen synthesis by activation of TGF‐β/Smad pathway. Consistently, the in vivo experiments also indicated that SP and HP had a photoprotective effect, which significantly reversed UVB‐induced epidermis thickness and collagen degradation.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that SP effectively could protect skin from UVB‐induced photoaging, while HP acted as the active substance in SP. All these findings provided a new strategy for skin photoaging treatment.
Visuospatial attention revamps cortical processing of sound amid audiovisual uncertainty
Authors: Cervantes Constantino Francisco , Sánchez‐Costa Thaiz , Cipriani Germán A. , Carboni Alejandra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelective attentional biases arising from one sensory modality manifest in others. The effects of visuospatial attention, important in visual object perception, are unclear in the auditory domain during audiovisual (AV) scene processing. We investigate temporal and spatial factors that underlie such transfer neurally. Auditory encoding of random tone pips in AV scenes was addressed via a temporal response function model (TRF) of participants' electroencephalogram (N = 30). The spatially uninformative pips were associated with spatially distributed visual contrast reversals (“flips”), through asynchronous probabilistic AV temporal onset distributions. Participants deployed visuospatial selection on these AV stimuli to perform a task. A late (~300 ms) cross‐modal influence over the neural representation of pips was found in the original and a replication study (N = 21). Transfer depended on selected visual input being (i) presented during or shortly after a related sound, in relatively limited temporal distributions (<165 ms); (ii) positioned across limited (1:4) visual foreground to background ratios. Neural encoding of auditory input, as a function of visual input, was largest at visual foreground quadrant sectors and lowest at locations opposite to the target. The results indicate that ongoing neural representations of sounds incorporate visuospatial attributes for auditory stream segregation, as cross‐modal transfer conveys information that specifies the identity of multisensory signals. A potential mechanism is by enhancing or recalibrating the tuning properties of the auditory populations that represent them as objects. The results account for the dynamic evolution under visual attention of multisensory integration, specifying critical latencies at which relevant cortical networks operate.
Assessment of the effects of targeted poverty alleviation policy on differently poverty‐stricken households: A multi‐propensity score weighting model
Authors: Yan Shiyu , Wang Jiao , Hu Zhineng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEliminating poverty is a multifaceted global challenge and a focal point of global development governance. With the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation (TPA), China's poverty alleviation efforts have had significant achievements. This study provides a new perspective by classifying poverty‐stricken households based on poverty root causes at the household level, a multi‐propensity score weighting model based on counterfactual inference is employed to examine the poverty reduction effect and policy precision on six non‐equivalent poverty‐stricken household groups in a Chinese county. The results reveal that the poverty reduction effects differed among poverty‐stricken households with different root causes of poverty. Specifically, households impoverished due to disability have the lowest income of the six groups. The assistance policy effects also vary significantly and are found to be poorly suited to poverty‐stricken households a lack of labor force and funds. A robustness test confirms this conclusion and a more nuanced analysis reveals that these differences are reflected in the wage and transfer incomes. Therefore, to ensure the stability of poverty reduction and the sustainability of income for poverty‐stricken households, relevant associated aid policies need to place different emphases based on their household characteristics.
Pathogenesis of psoriasis via miR‐149‐5p/AKT1axis by long noncoding RNA BLACAT1
Authors: Hua Xiang , Li JiaZheng , Shang MingWei , He WanMei , Gao PengFei , Min Li , Peng XueBiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic, complicated, and recurrent inflammatory skin disease, whose precise molecular mechanisms need to be further explored. The lncRNA bladder cancer‐associated transcript 1 (BLACAT1) is aberrantly expressed in many cancers and associated with cellular hyperproliferation and may play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Thus, this study aimed at identifying the primary mechanism associated with BLACAT1 in psoriasis pathogenesis.Materials and methodsQuantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was performed to detect the expression of BLACAT1 in psoriasis tissues. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using cell counting kit‐8 and apoptosis assays, respectively. In vivo experiments and histopathological examinations were performed to investigate the effects of BLACAT1 on psoriasis. Dual‐luciferase Reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to evaluate the relationship among BLACAT1 and miR‐149‐5p and AKT1.ResultsBLACAT1 was upregulated in psoriasis tissues. Overexpression exacerbated the clinical manifestation of psoriasis and increased the epidermal thickness in imiquimod‐induced mice. BLACAT1 could promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of keratinocytes. Further studies demonstrated that BLACAT1 positively regulated AKT1 expression, functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR‐149‐5p.ConclusionsThe combination of lncRNA BLACAT1 and miR‐149‐5p regulates AKT1 expression and promotes psoriasis formation thus may provide a new direction for psoriasis treatment.
A complex tissue‐specific interplay between the Arabidopsis transcription factors AtMYB68, AtHB23, and AtPHL1 modulates primary and lateral root development and adaptation to salinity
Authors: Spies Fiorella Paola , Perotti María Florencia , Cho Yuhan , Jo Chang Ig , Hong Jong Chan , Chan Raquel Lía 
Published: May 2023

SUMMARYAdaptation to different soil conditions is a well‐regulated process vital for plant life. AtHB23 is a homeodomain‐leucine zipper I transcription factor (TF) that was previously revealed as crucial for plant survival under salinity conditions. We wondered whether this TF has partners to perform this essential function. Therefore, TF cDNA library screening, yeast two‐hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and coimmunoprecipitation assays were complemented with expression analyses and phenotypic characterization of silenced, mutant, overexpression, and crossed plants in normal and salinity conditions. We revealed that AtHB23, AtPHL1, and AtMYB68 interact with each other, modulating root development and the salinity response. The encoding genes are coexpressed in specific root tissues and at specific developmental stages. In normal conditions, amiR68 silenced plants have fewer initiated roots, the opposite phenotype to that shown by amiR23 plants. AtMYB68 and AtPHL1 play opposite roles in lateral root elongation. Under salinity conditions, AtHB23 plays a crucial positive role in cooperating with AtMYB68, whereas AtPHL1 acts oppositely by obstructing the function of the former, impacting the plant's survival ability. Such interplay supports the complex interaction between these TF in primary and lateral roots. The root adaptation capability is associated with the amyloplast state. We identified new molecular players that through a complex relationship determine Arabidopsis root architecture and survival in salinity conditions.
Blood donation among women in Nigeria: Motivators, barriers and appealing incentives
Authors: Olawumi Hannah Oluwayemisi , Fasola Foluke Atinuke , Otu Theresa Ize , Ugwu Ngozi Immaculata , Durotoye Idayat Adenike , Omokanye Khadijat Olaitan , Ogunfemi Mutiat Kehinde , Ijei‐Enesi Ifeoma Patience , Abba Aisha Mohammed , Mariere Ulunma Ikwuoma , Oyekunle Janet Olufunmike 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWomen are grossly under‐represented among blood donors in Nigeria. We, therefore, determined the barriers, motivators and appealing incentives to blood donation among women in Nigeria.Materials and MethodsThis was an internet‐based cross‐sectional study among women aged 18–65 years. A well‐structured questionnaire was used to determine sociodemographic characteristics, motivation, barriers and appealing incentives. Motivational and barrier differences in some sociodemographic characteristics were determined using the chi‐squared test. A p‐value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe most common motivators among blood donors were ‘when family or friend is in need of blood’, ‘health benefits’ and ‘reminders to donate’. One‐time donors who were willing to become regular donors were more motivated by reminders to donate than those not willing (p = 0.000). The most common barriers among non‐donors were ‘poor attitude of hospital staff’ and ‘fear of contracting infections’. Younger women and those of the Hausa tribe were more debarred by ‘lack of privacy during blood donation exercise’ than older women and those of the other tribes (p‐values of 0.008 and 0.006, respectively). The most appealing incentives for blood donation were medical consultation and a blood donation certificate.ConclusionWomen's participation in blood donation in Nigeria can be improved by sending regular reminders to donors, especially one‐time donors and by infrastructural adjustments to improve privacy at the blood donation sites. Specific and targeted capacity‐building initiatives should also be put in place to drive a paradigm shift in the attitude of hospital staff to work in Nigeria.
Investigation of a Staphylococcus aureus sequence type 72 food poisoning outbreak associated with food‐handler contamination in Italy
Authors: Savini Federica , Romano Angelo , Giacometti Federica , Indio Valentina , Pitti Monica , Decastelli Lucia , Devalle Pietro Luigi , Gorrasi Ilaria Silvia Rossella , Miaglia Sergio , Serraino Andrea 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOn August 2019 a staphylococcal food poisoning outbreak occurred in an elderly home in Piedmont, Italy. The epidemiological investigation performed among the persons that consumed the meal identified chicken salad as the most likely source of the outbreak. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from a total of seven samples, namely one vomit sample from a guest of the nursing home, two food samples (chicken salad with and without mayonnaise) and nasal swabs collected from a total of four persons working in the kitchen of the nursing home. The maximum likelihood tree obtained using single nucleotide polymorphisms analysis revealed that the isolates from the aforementioned samples clustered together. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that they belonged to Sequence Type 72. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used in parallel to single nucleotide polymorphisms and whole genome sequencing for the determination of the degree of relatedness of the isolates. The results of the FTIR showed the same clustering obtained with single nucleotide polymorphisms and whole genome sequencing and revealed the source of infection. This study underlines the importance of both laboratory evidence and epidemiological data for outbreak investigation and further confirms that FTIR is a suitable support for the short‐term epidemiological investigation on source attribution in case of a S. aureus infection.