bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enrichment of camel yogurt using hemp seeds as a rich source of omega 3 and physicochemical evaluation
Authors: Hashemian Zahra , Nouri Marjan 
Published: February 2023

SummaryCannabis sativa L. seeds (hemp) have a high level of omega 3 and 6 fatty acids; therefore, it has the potential to nutrition properties of the food product. In the present study, camel yogurt enriched with hemp seeds was prepared at four concentrations (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%). Several tests such as pH level, titratable acidity, syneresis, water holding capacity (WHC), viscosity, phenolic component, DPPH inhibition and sensory evaluation were determined during 0, 7, 14 and 21 days at 4 °C. At the end of storage, fatty acid profile and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed on control and optimal treatments. The results illustrated that lowest pH (3.79) corresponded to treatment supplemented with 5% hemp seeds. On the 21st day, the lowest syneresis (7.04%) and also the highest viscosity (157.50 mPa.s) and WHC (17.02%) were attributed to camel yogurt containing 3% hemp seeds. The phenolic components (14.14 mg gallic acid 100 g−1) and antioxidant features (20.21%) were elevated by adding hemp seed (to 5%), but increasing shelf life had an adverse effect on these factors (P < 0.05). The sensory assessment of treatments with 3% of hemp seeds had the most desirability degree on the 14th day. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids significantly decreased and increased with 3% hemp seeds (optimal) compared with control, respectively. The SEM also exhibited better structural microscopy in optimal treatment compared to yogurt with no additives. Hence, hemp seed was considered as an appropriate dietary supplement for camel yogurt.
Transvaginal ultrasonography for trigonitis diagnosis in women
Authors: Ribeiro‐Filho Leopoldo Alves , Braz Natalia Doratioto Serrano Faria , Suartz Caio Vinicius , Balsimelli Amaury Padilha , Hirasaki Felipe , Miranda Eduardo , Siqueira Matheus , Mitre Anuar Ibrahim , Gomes Cristiano Mendes , Nahas William Carlos 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveChronic trigonitis (CT) is usually diagnosed through cystoscopy which is invasive and expensive. Thus, an accurate non‐invasive diagnostic method is necessary. The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of transvaginal bladder ultrasound (TBU) for CT diagnosis.MethodsBetween 2012 and 2021, 114 women (17–76 years old) with recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI) and history of antibiotic resistance were evaluated with TBU by a single ultrasonographer. As a control group, TBU was performed in 25 age‐matched women with no previous history of UTI, urological or gynecological conditions. All patients with RUTI had undergone a cystoscopy with biopsy for diagnostic confirmation at the time of trigone cauterization.ResultsThickening of trigone mucosa (>3 mm) was detected in all patients with RUTI and represented the most relevant criteria for trigonitis diagnosis on TBU. Other TBU findings in CT are: irregular and interrupted mucosa lining (96.4%), free debris in the urine (85.9%), increased blood flow at doppler (81.5%), mucosa shedding and tissue flaps. Biopsy showed CT with erosive pattern (58%) or non‐keratinizing metaplasia (42%). Diagnostic agreement index between TBU and cystoscopy was 100%. In the control group, normal trigone mucosa is ultrasonographically regular, continuous, with thickness ≤3 mm and there is no debris in the urine.ConclusionsTBU proved to be an efficient, inexpensive and minimally invasive method to diagnose CT. To our knowledge, this is the first article that reports the use of transvaginal ultrasound as an alternative method for diagnosing trigonitis.
Effect of carbon doping on the structure and superconductivity in AlB2‐type (Mo0.96Ti0.04)0.8${(\text{Mo}_{0.96}\text{Ti}_{0.04})}_{0.8}$B2
Authors: Yang Wuzhang , Xiao Guorui , Zhu Qinqing , Song Shijie , Cao Guang‐Han , Ren Zhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report the effect of carbon doping in Ti‐stabilized nonstoichiometric molybdenum diboride B2, which exhibits bulk superconductivity below Tc = 7.0 K. It is found that maintains the AlB2‐type phase with a uniform elemental distribution for x = 0.12 and 0.16. The substitution of carbon for boron leads to a slight increase in a‐axis, a remarkable reduction in c‐axis, the formation of planar defects along the (100) crystallographic planes, and a shift of the B 1s peaks toward higher binding energies. Contrary to B2, however, no superconductivity is observed down to 1.8 K for the C‐doped samples, which is ascribed to the electron filling of boron π bands resulting from the carbon doping.
Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis of Oldenlandia corymbosa reveals the biosynthesis and mode of action of anti‐cancer metabolites
Authors: Julca Irene , Mutwil‐Anderwald Daniela , Manoj Vaishnervi , Khan Zahra , Lai Soak Kuan , Yang Lay K. , Beh Ing T. , Dziekan Jerzy , Lim Yoon P. , Lim Shen K. , Low Yee W. , Lam Yuen I. , Tjia Seth , Mu Yuguang , Tan Qiao W. , Nuc Przemyslaw , Choo Le M. , Khew Gillian , Shining Loo , Kam Antony , Tam James P. , Bozdech Zbynek , Schmidt Maximilian , Usadel Bjoern , Kanagasundaram Yoganathan , Alseekh Saleh , Fernie Alisdair , Li Hoi Y. , Mutwil Marek 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTPlants accumulate a vast array of secondary metabolites, which constitute a natural resource for pharmaceuticals. Oldenlandia corymbosa belongs to the Rubiaceae family, and has been used in traditional medicine to treat different diseases, including cancer. However, the active metabolites of the plant, their biosynthetic pathway and mode of action in cancer are unknown. To fill these gaps, we exposed this plant to eight different stress conditions and combined different omics data capturing gene expression, metabolic profiles, and anti‐cancer activity. Our results show that O. corymbosa extracts are active against breast cancer cell lines and that ursolic acid is responsible for this activity. Moreover, we assembled a high‐quality genome and uncovered two genes involved in the biosynthesis of ursolic acid. Finally, we also revealed that ursolic acid causes mitotic catastrophe in cancer cells and identified three high‐confidence protein binding targets by Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) and reverse docking. Altogether, these results constitute a valuable resource to further characterize the biosynthesis of active metabolites in the Oldenlandia group, while the mode of action of ursolic acid will allow us to further develop this valuable compound.
Understanding the gender gap in financial literacy: The role of culture
Authors: Preston Alison , Qiu Lili , Wright Robert E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUsing data from the 2015 China Household Financial Survey (CHFS) this paper examines the effect of culture on the gender gap in financial literacy. We exploit geographical differences in culture in China, comparing outcomes between rural and urban areas and between areas in the east and west (Shanghai and Chongqing). Using the Blinder‐Oaxaca decomposition we show that, nationally, the gender gap in financial literacy is entirely the product of differences in the way men and women acquire financial literacy. It is a result consistent with cultural effects. When considering just women in Shanghai and Chongqing we observe a raw financial literacy differential of 13% (favoring Shanghai). This gap is also the product of differences in the way financial literacy is acquired. It provides additional evidence as to the importance of culture when it comes to understanding financial literacy.
Thyrotropin inhibits osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Zeng Yang , Deng Ji‐Jun , Jiang Qi‐Lan , Wang Chun‐Lian , Zhang Li , Li Tao , Jiang Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePeriodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are derived from the periodontal ligament and have the characteristics of pluripotent differentiation, including osteogenesis, and are one of the important seed cells in oral tissue engineering. Thyrotropin (TSH) has been shown to regulate bone metabolism independently of thyroid hormone, including the fate of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, but whether it affects osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs is unknown.Materials and MethodsPDLSCs were isolated and cultured from human periodontal ligament and grown in osteogenic medium (containing sodium β‐glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid, and dexamethasone). Recombinant human TSH was added to the culture medium. Osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs was assessed after 14 days by staining with alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red and by detection of osteogenic differentiation genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PDLSCs under TSH were detected by high‐throughput sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyzed the biological functions and signaling pathways involved in DEGs.ResultsWe found that osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs was significantly inhibited in the presence of TSH: including decreased calcium nodule formation, decreased alkaline phosphatase levels, and decreased collagen synthesis. Using high‐throughput sequencing, we found changes in the expression of some osteogenesis‐related genes, which may be the reason that TSH inhibits osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.ConclusionUnless TSH is ≥10 mU/L, patients with subclinical hypothyroidism usually do not undergo thyroxine supplementation therapy. However, in this work, we found that elevated TSH inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Therefore, correction of TSH levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism may be beneficial to improve orthodontic, implant, and periodontitis outcomes in these patients.
Retrospective analysis of immunosuppressive and anti‐thrombotic protocols in nonassociative immune mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs
Authors: Weng Jennifer , Levy Nyssa A. , Abbott Haley Y. , Mix Jose A. , Wills Robert W. , Mackin Andrew J. , Thomason John M. , Cridge Harry 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence supporting the effectiveness of therapeutic protocols for nonassociative immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (na‐IMHA) is weak.Hypothesis/ObjectivesInvestigate the efficacy of various drugs in na‐IMHA.AnimalsTwo hundred forty‐two dogs.MethodsMulti‐institutional retrospective study (2015‐2020). Immunosuppressive effectiveness was determined by time to packed cell volume (PCV) stabilization and duration of hospitalization through analysis by mixed model linear regression. Occurrence of disease relapse, death, and antithrombotic effectiveness, were analyzed using mixed model logistic regression.ResultsUse of corticosteroids vs a multi‐agent protocol had no effect on time to PCV stabilization (P = .55), duration of hospitalization (P = .13), or case fatality (P = .06). A higher rate of relapse (P = .04; odds ratio: 3.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06‐14.8) was detected in dogs receiving corticosteroids (11.3%) during follow‐up (median: 28.5 days, range: 0‐1631 days) compared to multiple agents (3.1%) during follow up (median: 47.0 days, range: 0‐1992 days). When comparing drug protocols, there was no effect on time to PCV stabilization (P = .31), relapse (P = .44), or case fatality (P = .08). Duration of hospitalization was longer, by 1.8 days (95% CI: 0.39‐3.28 days), for the corticosteroid with mycophenolate mofetil group (P = .01) compared to corticosteroids alone. Use of clopidogrel vs multiple agents had no effect on development of thromboses (P ≥ .36).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAddition of a second immunosuppressive agent did not alter immediate outcome measures but might be associated with a reduction in relapse. Use of multiple antithrombotic agents did not reduce incidence of thrombosis.
History perceptions and national identity among Latvian youth: Entrapped between narratives of Latvia and Russia?
Authors: Bērziņa Ieva , Krūmiņš Gatis , Šiliņš Jānis , Andžāns Māris 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article examines the extent to which history forms national identity among Latvian youth. Being a multiethnic country, Latvia provides a unique opportunity to study the role of history in nation‐building among dominant and minority ethnic groups. The majority of Latvia's ethnic minorities are Russian‐speaking; therefore, a peculiarity of the Latvian case is the influence of the historical narratives promoted by Russia. The research problem of the paper is the formation of national identity when a foreign country promotes distorted historical narratives to discredit a state. The empirical findings are based on 30 in‐depth interviews with young people. The main conclusion is that history plays a rather limited direct role in forming national identity among youth in Latvia. The influence of Russia's historical narratives is observable but not as strong as expected in the context of Russia's influence activities.
DNA hypomethylation of the host tree impairs interaction with mutualistic ectomycorrhizal fungus
Authors: Vigneaud Julien , Kohler Annegret , Sow Mamadou Dia , Delaunay Alain , Fauchery Laure , Guinet Frederic , Daviaud Christian , Barry Kerrie W. , Keymanesh Keykhosrow , Johnson Jenifer , Singan Vasanth , Grigoriev Igor , Fichot Régis , Conde Daniel , Perales Mariano , Tost Jörg , Martin Francis M. , Allona Isabel , Strauss Steven H. , Veneault‐Fourrey Claire , Maury Stéphane 
Published: February 2023

Summary
Ectomycorrhizas are an intrinsic component of tree nutrition and responses to environmental variations. How epigenetic mechanisms might regulate these mutualistic interactions is unknown.
By manipulating the level of expression of the chromatin remodeler DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION 1 (DDM1) and two demethylases DEMETER‐LIKE (DML) in Populus tremula × Populus alba lines, we examined how host DNA methylation modulates multiple parameters of the responses to root colonization with the mutualistic fungus Laccaria bicolor. We compared the ectomycorrhizas formed between transgenic and wild‐type (WT) trees and analyzed their methylomes and transcriptomes.
The poplar lines displaying lower mycorrhiza formation rate corresponded to hypomethylated overexpressing DML or RNAi‐ddm1 lines. We found 86 genes and 288 transposable elements (TEs) differentially methylated between WT and hypomethylated lines (common to both OX‐dml and RNAi‐ddm1) and 120 genes/1441 TEs in the fungal genome suggesting a host‐induced remodeling of the fungal methylome. Hypomethylated poplar lines displayed 205 differentially expressed genes (cis and trans effects) in common with 17 being differentially methylated (cis).
Our findings suggest a central role of host and fungal DNA methylation in the ability to form ectomycorrhizas including not only poplar genes involved in root initiation, ethylene and jasmonate‐mediated pathways, and immune response but also terpenoid metabolism.
The consistency of question‐order bias in a changing political context
Authors: Van Dooren Wouter , Hjortskov Morten , De Vadder Steven F. , Verhoest Koen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractQuestion‐order bias is a well‐known weakness of surveys commonly used in public administration research. However, most research on question‐order bias uses question‐order experiments that are relatively small, performed in one context, and rarely replicated. We carry out six question‐order experiments in six large‐scale Belgian surveys conducted during the COVID‐19 pandemic. All experiments vary whether the respondents see questions regarding the effectiveness of pandemic governance or trust in different actors first. Results show that question‐order effects are real and reasonably consistent across the high‐powered replications, despite the changing political context of the pandemic. However, the direction of the effects largely changes when we flip the order of the trust outcome questions in the last three experiments, which sheds light on an underappreciated point: question‐order bias also seems to exist within batteries of seemingly similar outcome questions.
Piperacillin‐tazobactam dosing in anuric acute kidney injury patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Rungkitwattanakul Dhakrit , Charoensareerat Taniya , Chaichoke Ekanong , Rakamthong Thanakorn , Srisang Pitchaya , Pattharachayakul Sutthiporn , Srisawat Nattachai , Chaijamorn Weerachai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroduction: To determine appropriate dosing of piperacillin‐tazobactam in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).Methods: The databases of PubMed, Embase, and ScienceDirect were searched. We used the Medical Subject Headings of “piperacillin‐tazobactam,” “CRRT,” and “pharmacokinetics” or related terms or synonym to identify the studies for reviews. A one‐compartment pharmacokinetic model was conducted to predict piperacillin levels for the initial 48 h of therapy. The pharmacodynamic target was 50% of free drug level above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and 4 times of the MIC. The dose that achieved at least 90% of the probability of target attainment was defined as an optimal dose.Results: Our simulation study reveals that the dosing regimen of piperacillin‐tazobactam 12 g/day is appropriate for treating Pseudomonal infection with KDIGO recommended effluent rate of 25–35 mL/kg/h. The MIC values of each setting were an important factor to design piperacillin‐tazobactam dosing regimens.Conclusion: The Monte Carlo simulation can be a useful tool to evaluate drug dosing in critically ill acute kidney injury patients receiving CRRT when limited pharmacokinetic data are a concern. Clinical validation of these results is needed.
From austerity‐conditionality towards a new investment‐led growth strategy: Social Europe after the Recovery and Resilience Facility
Authors: Corti Francesco , Vesan Patrik 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBy providing financial resources, conditional to the implementation of the (social) recommendations in the Semester and the principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights, the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) has opened new political and institutional opportunity windows for the multi‐level co‐production of social policies. The article first dives into how the RRF has been translated into national social policies choices, by assessing the alignment of reforms and investments with the Semester social recommendations and their capacity to address the social vulnerabilities identified in the Pillar's Social Scoreboard. Second, it sheds light on the interaction between the European Commission, in charge of assessing and monitoring the RRF, and the national governments, the key actors in setting‐up and implementing the plans. Comparing six case studies (Italy, Germany, Spain, Croatia, Belgium and Austria), the article shows that the RRF has only partially contributed to reinforcing member states' compliance with social Country Specific Recommendations and the role of the Social Pillar in the drafting of National Recovery and Resilience Plans has been very limited. This notwithstanding, the RRF has contributed to fasten‐forward the implementation of welfare reforms and initiatives which would have been remained on the paper, especially for whose countries with limited fiscal capacity. Furthermore, it provides empirical evidence of the collaborative approach between the Commission and the national government, substantiating the claim of the emergence of a new mode of coordinative Europeanization.
Differences in flowering phenology and seed production of four morning glory (Ipomoea) species in Japan
Authors: Asami Hidenori , Ishioka Gen , Tachibana Masaaki , Homma Koki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe spread of morning glory (Ipomoea spp.) in soybean fields in Japan has severely decreased soybean yield. Yet, current control measures do not control the proliferation of Ipomoea spp. As little is known about the flowering period and seed production among the different invading Ipomoea spp., it is challenging to create targeted control measures based on ecological characteristics. This study aimed to reveal the characteristics of the flowering phenology and seed production of four morning glory species, namely, Ipomoea coccinea L. (red morning glory), Ipomoea lacunosa L. (pitted morning glory), Ipomoea hederacea L. Jacq. var. integriuscula A. Gray (entireleaf morning glory), and Ipomoea triloba L. (three‐lobe morning glory). Between 2017 and 2019, the four selected study species were grown under similar conditions of soil quality, irrigation, and environmental influences and their flowering phenology and seed data were recorded. The flowering period ranged from 36 to 40 days, and the initial flowering of I. triloba was approximately 2 weeks later than the others. I. coccinea had the highest flowering number and seed production, followed by I. lacunosa, I. triloba, and I. hederacea var. integriuscula. The fruit setting rate of I. triloba decreased later in the reproductive stage but tended to increase as the daily mean temperature increased on each flowering day. Thus, we report that the flowering phenology and seed production differed greatly among the Ipomoea spp. These findings can provide crucial insights into designing targeted species‐specific control measures against the spread of Ipomoea spp. in Japan.
The effect of exercise in a fasted state on plasma low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in males and females
Authors: Bradshaw Louise , Koumanov Francoise , Berry Sarah , Betts James A. , Gonzalez Javier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Physical activity interventions improve almost all modifiable CVD risk factors, but the effect of physical activity on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) is uncertain. This may be due to lack of research on the feeding status in which the physical activity is performed. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fasted versus fed exercise on LDL‐C concentrations in males and females. One hundred healthy participants, equal males and females, aged between 25 and 60 years will be recruited and will undergo a home‐based 12‐week exercise intervention. After baseline testing, participants will be randomized to a fasted exercise (exercise after an 8‐h fast) or fed exercise (exercise 90–180 min after ingestion of 1 g kg−1 CHO) group and will perform 50 min of moderate intensity exercise (e.g., 95% heart rate of lactate threshold 1) three times a week either before or after a high carbohydrate (1 g kg−1) meal. Participants will visit the laboratory again at week 4 and week 12 and measurements will be taken for body composition, resting blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, lipid profiles and systemic inflammation, lactate threshold, and 14‐day blood glucose control.
Poroelastic Response of a Semi-Permeable Borehole Subjected to Non-Hydrostatic In Situ Stresses
Authors: Fan Zhiqiang , Jin Z.-H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the existing models of wellbore stability, the borehole wall is idealized as either a fully permeable or a completely impermeable surface. However, the widely observed fact that a shale borehole is permeable to solvent molecules but impermeable to solutes suggests that the borehole wall should be considered as a non-ideal semi-permeable medium. When the wellbore is exposed to the drilling fluid, the dynamic modification of pore pressure on the borehole surface is required to account for fluid entering the formation. In this paper, we present an analytical solution for a semi-permeable borehole subjected to a non-hydrostatic stress in a poroelastic medium, where a Robin boundary condition for pore pressure is adopted, with the fluid flux into the rock matrix being proportional to the pore pressure difference across the borehole wall. Integral transform and load decomposition techniques are employed to assist in the derivation of analytical solutions. The results reveal that, compared to the permeable and impermeable borehole models, the semi-permeable model predicts a sharp difference in the stress and pore pressure fields.