bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Climate Change on Sustainable Pastoral Livelihoods in Loima Sub-County, Turkana County, Kenya
Authors: Imana C.A. , Zenda M. 
Published: March 2023

Climate change and variability have adversely affected communities’ pastoral livelihoods in Kenya. The study aimed to investigate sustaining pastoral livelihoods in a changing climate in Loima Sub-County, Turkana County, Kenya. A total of 59 pastoralists were interviewed using a questionnaire. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software Version 22. SPSS employed descriptive statistical techniques like frequencies, percentages, cross-tabulations and proportions, means, and standard deviation. Pie charts, graphs, figures, and tables were used to present the data analysis output. Climate has been observed to vary continuously by pastoralists. Climate hazards mostly reported were livestock diseases and the frequency of droughts. The findings also indicated that livestock keepers preferred to graze their livestock on mountains/hills. Pasture and water availability and security determine the pattern of livestock movement. Pastoralists adopted various strategies to cope with climatic changes. Some of these strategies included diverse utilisation of livestock products, controlled grazing, herd diversification, and labour distribution among household members. In conclusion, climatic change and variability effects on the livelihoods of the pastoralists are evident. However, they have diversified ways of adapting and coping with these catastrophes to sustain themselves. To avert the effects of climate change, Turkana agriculture extension officers should focus on value addition to livestock products, provision of livestock insurance schemes, veterinary services, and livestock disease surveillance. Furthermore, agriculture extension needs to develop and enforce livestock policies and develop appropriate contingency plans. Among the policies recommended are- the management of grazing areas, regulations on migratory routes, and rules governing the use of water sources.
Estimation of the degree of internal recirculation in Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Matiukhin Leonid 
Published: March 2023

The concepts of residual gas and admission (or volumetric efficiency) coefficients are used exclusively by specialists in the field of piston Internal Combustion Engines. However, it is preferable to apply the concepts of volume fractions of components of the working mixture consisting of air, fuel, residual, and recirculating gases, for the evaluation of filling. This simplifies and makes it more easy-to-grasp the influence of individual factors on the results of gas exchange processes. The proposed approach makes it possible to take into account the impact on the engine indicators of the molecular weight of the fuel used and the degree of external recirculation, as well as to reduce the number of independent variables. At the same time, the displacement coefficient A proposed by the author characterizes a decrease in filling when an engine with external mixing is switched to a gaseous fuel with a lower molecular weight. A change in the valve timing made it possible to produce an effect on the composition of the working mixture and, thereby, the environmental characteristics of the engine. In the case of external recirculation, it becomes necessary to estimate the summary fraction of neutral combustion products in the working mixture, on which all engine operation depended. This "overall degree of recirculation" can also be determined using the proposed approach.
Presentación Dossier: Masculinidades en el Perú y América Latina
Authors: Villa-Palomino Julio 
Published: March 2023

En el año 2020 el artista René Pérez Joglar, conocido como Residente, lanzó su canción titulada «René». En ella, el artista entrelaza recuerdos de su niñez y adolescencia con dificultades con el alcohol, malestar subjetivo y otras frustraciones. La letra de la canción es íntima al punto que ha llevado a algunos comentaristas de calificarla como confesional. Algunos incluso lo compararon con lo hecho por Eminem en la canción «Loose Yourself», donde se abordan tensiones sobre masculinidad, raza y autenticidad. Tal vez lo más interesante ha sido la reacción que «René» generó en la sección de comentarios de YouTube. Ahí se pueden leer el análisis del video y de la letra, donde se empatiza con las experiencias en la niñez y adolescencia y se trata de diagnosticar los problemas de padecimiento subjetivo. Sobre todo, llama la atención el nivel de identificación de hombres con la canción, la letra y las experiencias de René. «La única canción con la que lloré», escribe un usuario.El ecosistema de las redes sociales y la economía de la atención no tardó en capitalizar tanto la performance como el mensaje de la canción. Varias video-rreacciones muestran a personas ―en su mayoría hombres― escuchando la letra y mostrando algún grado de empatía y vulnerabilidad. Muchos hombres se muestran llorando profundamente al identificarse con las experiencias relatadas. También hay miradas cínicas y sospechosas hacia la canción: ¿Acaso es una forma de confesión de malas conductas, una forma de anticiparse a una posible «cancelación»? Como es de esperarse, también se pueden apreciar comentarios y videorreacciones donde se argumenta que los hombres también son oprimidos por el sistema. Muchas de estas reacciones hacen eco de argumentos de académicos, pseudoacadémicos, y personajes en redes sociales que viven de la polémica y la polarización. Por ejemplo, es sorprendente ―y alarmante― presenciar el incremento en el número de seguidores que tiene Andrew Tate, llamado por ciertos medios como «el rey de la masculinidad tóxica», a pesar de haber sido censurado en diversas plataformas. ¿Qué es y qué hace la masculinidad tóxica en nuestra sociedad? ¿Cómo enfrentan los hombres tanto los discursos frente a la igualdad y equidad de género, y a la vez discursos que llaman a reconocerse en las prácticas de la masculinidad hegemónica?
Effect of stocking density on growth performance of African catfish Clarias gariepinus and water spinach Ipomoea aquatica in aquaponics systems with the addition of AB mix nutrient
Authors: Wiyoto Wiyoto , Siskandar Ridwan , Dewi Ratih Kemala , Lesmanawati Wida , Mulya Muhammad Arif , Ekasari Julie 
Published: March 2023

Aquaponics is the cultivation of fish and plants in a series of systems, either in one container or in separate containers, by paying attention to the balance between fish, plants, and aquatic microorganisms. One of the obstacles in aquaponic activities is that vegetable growth is not optimal due to a lack of dissolved nutrients, so further research is needed to make better plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate catfish and water spinach growth performance in an aquaponic system by adding AB mix nutrients at different fish stocking densities. This study used a completely randomized design with three differences in stocking densities of catfish (150 fish/m3, 200 fish/m3, and 250 fish/m3) as test animals with four replications where AB mix was added to each treatment. The growth performance of catfish is better in control with a stocking density of 250 fish/m3 and without adding nutrients. The growth performance of catfish decreased with the addition of AB mix nutrients, while the growth of water spinach was better. The growth rate of catfish without adding AB mix nutrients was higher than in other treatments. In contrast, all treatments with the addition of AB mix increased the growth performance of water spinach, with the stocking density of catfish not affecting the growth of water spinach plants.
Keywords: aquaponics, water spinach, catfish, growth

ABSTRAK
Akuaponik merupakan budidaya ikan dan tanaman dalam satu rangkaian sistem, baik dalam satu wadah maupun dalam wadah terpisah dengan memperhatikan keseimbangan antara ikan, tanaman dan mikroorganisme perairan. Salah satu kendala sistem akuaponik adalah pertumbuhan sayuran yang tidak optimal karena kurangnya nutrisi terlarut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan lele dan kangkung dalam sistem akuaponik dengan penambahan nutrisi AB mix dan pada padat tebar ikan yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perbedaan padat tebar ikan lele (150 ekor/m3, 200 ekor/m3, dan 250 ekor/m3) sebagai hewan uji sebanyak empat ulangan di mana nutrien AB mix ditambahkan disetiap perlakuan. Kinerja pertumbuhan ikan lele lebih baik pada perlakuan kontrol dengan padat tebar 250 ekor/m3 dan tanpa penambahan nutrisi AB mix. Performa pertumbuhan ikan lele menurun dengan adanya penambahan nutrisi AB mix, sedangkan pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung lebih baik. Laju pertumbuhan ikan lele dengan tanpa penambahan nutrisi AB mix lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, sedangkan semua perlakuan dengan penambahan AB mix meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung dengan jumlah padat tebar ikan lele tidak berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung.
Kata kunci: akuaponik, kangkung, lele, pertumbuhan
Analysis of Health Literacy Index Difference Amongst Generation in Jagapura Primary Healthcare Work Area
Authors: Fatharani Maitsa' , Hilmy Nafiys 
Published: March 2023

Health literacy is one of the factors which has a big contribution to a person's health status. The rapidity of technology growth eases access to health information, this situation has to be balanced with good health literacy index. Several factors as generation, occupation, and education influence health literacy index. Many measuring tools have been developed to assess the health literacy index. Researcher uses the latest health literacy survey questionnaire in Indonesia, namely HLS-EU-SQ10-IDN which contains 10 questions. This type of research is analytic observational. The research was conducted in the work area of ​​the Jagapura Primary Health Care, Gegesik District, Cirebon Regency, West Java. A total of 146 people that spread over five village is taken as samples with purposive sampling method. The results of Chi Square analysis is the association between generation and health literacy index showed insignificant results with p = 0.705. For the correlation with work, the results are also insignificant with p = 0.296. Meanwhile, education level is associated significantly with p = 0.018. The data obtained indicate that there is no significant correlation between generational differences and the health literacy index. Older generation with higher educational background tends to have better health literacy index. On the other hand, the researcher concludes that government need a strategy to increase the quantity and quality of education in Indonesia as an endeavour to increase health literacy index in our society.
Keywords: health literacy index, generation, education, occupation
Water PH Correlates With The Number of Mosquito Larvae in Nature Tourism Park
Authors: Putri Mentari Permana , Prasasty Gita Dwi , Anwar Chairil , Handayani Dwi , Dalilah Dalilah 
Published: March 2023

Mosquitoes go through four development phases: egg, larva, pupa and adult. The growth, survival, and adaptation of mosquito larvae are strongly influenced by the physical and chemical characteristics of the waters. Nature tourism parks have ecological and environmental potential for the development and spread of mosquitoes and vector diseases. This study aims to look at the correlation of the physical and chemical elements of water to the number of mosquito larvae. The study design was cross-sectional analytic observational. In TWA, 57 containers were found with 10 indoor and 47 outdoor locations. The container contains water with a salinity of 0-0.3, pH 4.5-8.3, TDS 3-899 ppm, and a temperature of 26 - 34℃. A total of 423 mosquito larvae consisting of Culex and Aedes species. Ae. albopictus is the dominant larval species found. Based on the Spearman test, there was no significant correlation between temperature, total dissolved solids and salinity with the number of mosquito larvae (p>0.05), while PH was positively correlated with the number of mosquito larvae (p = 0.019).
Keywords: Chemical, Physical, Water, Mosquito larva
Effect of Delignification Process on Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin Content on Liquid Glucose Production from a Mixture of Corn Cobs (Zea mays) and Sugar Cane Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum)
Authors: Hasani Muhammad Aqil , Siswanto Anggun Puspitarini 
Published: March 2023

<p><strong>ABSTRACT. </strong>Dependence on the use of fossil energy is continuously increasing every year. This is very risky, considering the dwindling availability of fossils in nature. It is necessary to use alternative energy as a substitute for fossil energy, such as bioethanol, one of the biofuels sourced from living things, especially plants. Bioethanol is based on the fermentation of glucose with bacteria that produce ethanol. Some essential ingredients for making bioethanol require a hydrolysis process to produce glucose so it can be fermented into bioethanol. This research focuses on the hydrolysis process to produce liquid glucose from a mixture of corn cobs and bagasse with several different treatments to determine glucose levels, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin levels. On the cellulose content itself, in the delignification process, the cellulose content obtained was 64.8% which was 11.1% higher than not through the delignification process, which was only 53.7%. The level of lignin is the same, the delignification process reduces the lignin content by 10% by not going through the delignification process by 21.3% compared to those undergoing the delignification process by only 10.3%. Hemicellulose is the same, with a 2% difference.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Corn Cob, Glucose, Hydrolysis, Sugarcane Bagasse</p>
Effect of Potassium Peroxodisulphate and Microwave Power on Hydrogel Character Based on Banana Peel Waste Using Microwave Grafting Method
Authors: Distantina Sperisa , Anggreini Ghea Safiraventa , Al Kamal Fahrul An'nas , Kaavessina Mujtahid , Fadilah Fadilah 
Published: March 2023

<p><em>Musa paradisiaca var. raja</em> peel waste contains cellulose which has the potential to be a raw material for synthesizing hydrogels. This research utilizes acrylamide monomer grafted onto banana peel cellulose backbone using the microwave grafting method to produce hydrogel. The banana peel waste was dried to a constant weight and then crushed into powder. Banana peel powder was through a delignification process with the addition of NaOH and bleached with NaClO to took only the cellulose of the banana peel. The mixture of banana peel cellulose-acrylamide-potassium peroxodisulfate powder through the grafting process was repeated with variations in KPS concentration and microwave power. The reaction was terminated with a hydroquinone solution, washed with acetone, and then precipitated. The precipitated solid was dried to a powder called cellulose-g-PAAM. A homogeneous solution of 2% carrageenan-cellulose-g-PAAM underwent a physical crosslinking process using KCl and CaCl<sub>2</sub> solutions after passing through palm oil to form a bead gel. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of potassium peroxodisulfate (KPS) initiator concentration and microwave power on the swelling capacity in water. The properties of obtained dried bead gels were characterized their functional groups using FTIR and swelling capacity test in water. From this research, it can be concluded that banana peel cellulose was successfully grafted onto acrylamide monomer as evidenced by the FTIR test results. The lower KPS concentration is the greater on the swelling capacity and the microwave power has no effect on the swelling capacity of bead gels.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Banana peel, Bead gel, Microwave, Swelling degree </p>
Wildfire Threat to Inpatient Health Care Facilities in California, 2022
Authors: Bedi Neil Singh , Dresser Caleb , Yadav Akash , Schroeder Andrew , Balsari Satchit 
Published: March 2023

Objectives. To assess wildfire risks to California inpatient health care facilities in 2022. Methods. Locations of inpatient facilities and associated inpatient bed capacities were mapped in relation to California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection fire threat zones (FTZs), which combine expected fire frequency with potential fire behavior. We computed the distances of each facility to the nearest high, very high, and extreme FTZs. Results. Half (107 290 beds) of California’s total inpatient capacity is within 0.87 miles of a high FTZ and 95% (203 665 beds) is within 3.7 miles of a high FTZ. Half of the total inpatient capacity is within 3.3 miles of a very high FTZ and 15.5 miles of an extreme FTZ. Conclusions. Wildfires threaten a large number of inpatient health care facilities in California. In many counties, all health care facilities may be at risk. Public Health Implications. Wildfires in California are rapid-onset disasters with short preimpact phases. Policies should address facility-level preparedness including smoke mitigation, sheltering measures, evacuation procedures, and resource allocation. Regional evacuation needs, including access to emergency medical services and patient transportation, must also be considered. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(5):555–558. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307236 )
Bilateral Nonunion of Femoral Neck Fractures Because of Nutritional Osteomalacia
Authors: Maramreddy Leela Venkata Sai Krishna , Mittal Ravi , Anand Anmol , Vatsya Pulak 
Published: March 2023

Case:
We report 2 cases of atraumatic, bilateral femoral neck fracture nonunions. Both the patients were relatively young and had underlying nutritional osteomalacia. In both cases, valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy was performed along with vitamin D and calcium supplementation. The patients were followed up for an average of 3 years and achieved bone union without any complications.

Conclusion:
Bilateral femoral neck fractures are rare, and bilateral nonunion of femoral neck fractures secondary to osteomalacia is even rarer. Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy can salvage the hip. Correction of underlying osteomalacia by vitamin D and calcium supplementation preceeded surgical intervention in our cases.
Drill Bone with Both Hands: Plunge Depth and Accuracy with 4 Bracing Positions
Authors: Patterson Joseph T. , Becerra Jacob A. , Duong Andrew , Reddy Akhil , Oakes Daniel A. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Bone drilling is a critical skill honed during orthopaedic surgical education. How a bone drill is held and operated (bracing position) may influence drilling performance.

Methods:
A prospective study with randomized crossover was conducted to assess the effect of 4 bracing positions on orthopaedic surgical trainee performance in a simulated bone drilling task. Linear mixed effects models considering participant training level, preferred bracing position, height, weight, and drill hole number were used to estimate pairwise and overall comparisons of the effect of each bracing position on 2 primary outcomes of drilling depth and accuracy.

Results:
A total of 42 trainees were screened and 19 were randomized and completed the study. Drill plunge depth with a 1-handed drilling position was significantly greater by pairwise comparison to any of the 3 double handed positions tested: a soft tissue protection sleeve in the other hand (0.41 mm, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80-0.03, p = 0.031), a 2-handed position with the contralateral small finger on bone and the thumb on the drill (0.42 mm, 95% CI 0.06-0.79, p = 0.018), and a 2-handed position with the contralateral elbow braced against the table (0.40 mm, 95% CI 0.02-0.78, p = 0.038). No position afforded a significant accuracy advantage (p = 0.227). Interactions of participant height with plunge depth and accuracy as well between drill hole number and plunge depth were observed.

Conclusion:
Orthopaedic surgical educators should discourage trainees from operating a bone drill using only 1 hand to reduce the risk of iatrogenic injury due to drill plunging.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II.
An integrated seawater intrusion assessment in the Moroccan Ghiss-Nekor coastal aquifer using hydrogeochemical and geospatial techniques
Authors: BOURJILA Abdelhak , DIMANE Fouad , GHALIT Mohammad , TAHER Morad , KAMARI Salim , ACHOUKHI Iliass , HAMMOUDANI Yahya EL , SAADI Omar , HABOUBI Khadija 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Effective management of coastal aquifers requires a thorough understanding of seawater intrusion (SWI). The Ghiss-Nekor aquifer is one such area where the extent of SWI is unclear. This study aimed to map the extent of SWI using the hydrogeochemical approach combined to geospatial techniques. Accordingly, we coupled various geochemical indicators, including four ionic ratios (Cl/HCO3, SO4/Cl, Na/Cl, and Mg/Mg+Ca) and two SWI indices (GQIswi and SMI), with geospatial methods to generate a map highlighting the regions most prone to SWI. As a result, approximately 20% of the study area was impacted by SWI, with 70% of SWI spots found within 2 km of the shoreline. A saline water detected up to 5 km from the coast was interpreted, through the use of the aquifer's stratigraphic model, as being caused by the intrusion of seawater from the Souani area that is trapped in a deep clay-marly substratum. These promising findings highlight the effectiveness of the applied hydrogeochemical approach and offer crucial information regarding the extent of SWI. This information will aid decision-makers in the Al Hoceima region in creating efficient groundwater management plans to tackle the effects of climate change, especially the shortage of water resources caused by declining levels of precipitation.