bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The survival and clinical performance of anterior composite resin restorations and posterior indirect and cast restorations used to treat generalised tooth wear.
Authors: Malik Junaid , Shah Sachin , Hemmings Kenneth , Gulamali Akil , Malik Junaid 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the survival and clinical performance of various restorative materials used in the rehabilitation of generalised severe tooth wear within a UK NHS hospital and postgraduate institute.
Methods
The clinical performance of 527 restorations on 20 patients with generalised severe tooth wear was reviewed after mean period of 5 years. The anterior teeth were restored with direct composite resin and posterior teeth restored with indirect restorations. The study used modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria for the assessment of the restorations. Survival of the restorations was analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, the log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.
Results
The sample included 20 participants (13 males, 7 females). The median age was 51.8 years (range 33–73 years). The results indicated that the median survival time for all restorations was 11.3 years when major failures were considered and 5.9 years for restorations when all types of failure were considered. A median survival time of 5.9 years for composite resin restorations and over 7 years for cast restorations was found when considering all failures. The composite resin restorations commonly failed as a result of fracture, wear and marginal discoloration. The factors that significantly influenced the survival of these restorations were the material used, aetiology, incisal relationship and tooth location. Compliance with post-treatment occlusal splint therapy was poor with 6/18 patients using the splints at the time of assessment. The biological complications associated with this treatment regime were rare. Patient satisfaction remained generally high, with greatest dissatisfaction related to treatment time.
Conclusions
The use of composite resin restorations with posterior indirect restorations to treat generalised severe tooth wear at an increased occlusal vertical dimension is a viable treatment modality with very few major complications.
Near Real-time Flood Inundation and Hazard Mapping of Baitarani River Basin using Google Earth Engine and SAR Imagery
Authors: Atchyuth Bobbili Aravind Sai , Swain Ratnakar , Das Pulakesh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Flood Inundation mapping and satellite imagery monitoring are critical and effective responses during flood events. Mapping of a flood using optical data is limited due to the unavailability of cloud-free images. Because of its capacity to penetrate clouds and operate in all kinds of weather, synthetic aperture radar is preferred for water inundation mapping. Flood mapping in Eastern India's Baitarani River Basin for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 was performed in this study using Sentinel-1 imagery and Google Earth Engine with Otsu's algorithm. Different machine-learning algorithms were used to map the LULC of the study region. Dual polarizations VH and VV and their combinations VV×VH, VV + VH, VH-VV, VV-VH, VV/VH, and VH/VV were examined to identify non-water and water bodies. The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) map derived from Sentinel-2 data validated the surface water inundation with 80% accuracy. The total inundated areas were identified as 440.3 km2 in 2018, 268.58 km2 in 2019, 178.40 km2 in 2020, 203.79 km2 in 2021, and 321.33 km2 in 2022, respectively. The overlap of flood maps on the LULC map indicated that flooding highly affected agriculture and urban areas in these years. The approach using the near-real-time Sentinel-1 SAR imagery and GEE platform can be operationalized for periodic flood mapping, helps develop flood control measures, and helps enhance flood management. The generated annual flood inundation maps are also useful for policy development, agriculture yield estimation, crop insurance framing, etc.
Repeated ketamine anesthesia during the neonatal period impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and long-term neurocognitive function by inhibiting Mfn2-mediated mitochondrial fusion in neural stem cells
Authors: Huang He , Wang Ning , Lin Jia-Tao , Qiu Yong-Kang , Wu Wei-Feng , Liu Qiang , Chen Chen , Wang Hai-Bi , Liu Yan-Ping , Dong Wei , Wan Jie , Zheng Hui , Zhou Cheng-Hua , Wu Yu-Qing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The mechanism of ketamine-induced neurotoxicity development remains elusive. Mitochondrial fusion/fission dynamics play a critical role in regulating neurogenesis. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate whether mitochondrial dynamics were involved in ketamine-induced impairment of neurogenesis in neonatal rats and long-term synaptic plasticity dysfunction. In the in vivo study, postnatal day 7 (PND-7) rats were intraperitoneally injected with 40 mg/kg ketamine four consecutive times at 1 h intervals. Our work revealed that ketamine induced mitochondrial fusion dysfunction in hippocampal NSCs by downregulating Mfn2 expression. In the in vitro study, ketamine treatment at 100 µM for 6 h significantly decreased the Mfn2 expression, and increased ROS generation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels in cultured hippocampal NSCs. For the interventional study, lentivirus (LV) overexpressing Mfn2 (LV-Mfn2) or control LV vehicle was microinjected into the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) 4 days before ketamine administration. Targeted Mfn2 overexpression in the DG region could restore mitochondrial fusion in NSCs and reverse the inhibitory effect of ketamine on NSC proliferation and its faciliatory effect on neuronal differentiation. In addition, synaptic plasticity was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, Golgi-Cox staining and long-term potentiation (LTP) recordings at 24 h after the end of the behavioral test. Our work revealed that preconditioning with LV-Mfn2 improved long-term cognitive dysfunction after repeated neonatal ketamine exposure by reversing the inhibitory effect of ketamine on synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal DG. The present findings demonstrated that Mfn2-mediated mitochondrial fusion dysfunction plays a critical role in the impairment of long-term neurocognitive function and synaptic plasticity caused by repeated neonatal ketamine exposure by interfering with hippocampal neurogenesis. Thus, Mfn2 might be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of the developmental neurotoxicity of ketamine.
Treatment of degenerative scoliosis with short-segment decompression / fusion or long-segment decompression / fusion based on Berjano classification
Authors: Huang Shaolong , Zhou Chengqiang , Tang Zhongjian , Zhang Xu , Meng Xiao , Gu Jun , Xue Cheng , Tang Xianye 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Obejective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical and imaging results of the two surgical options of short fusion and long fusion according to Berjano classification.
Methods: We reviewed data from 92 patients who underwent spinal surgery at our hospital between January 2016 and January 2020. Patients with Berjano I or II were classified as having short segment fusion (SF group) and patients with Berjano III or IV were classified as having long segment fusion (LF group). The age, sex, main causes of treatment, number of fixed segments, clinical efficacy, radiological parameters, reoperation rate and other general conditions of the two groups were compared and analyzed.
Results： The number of fused segments in the LF group was 3.8 ± 0.8. The number of fused segments in SF group was 1.6±0.5. The recovery degree of Cobb angle, lumbar lordosis angle (LL) and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) in LF group was better than that in SF group at the last follow-up, but there was no significant difference in reoperation rate and patient satisfaction between the two groups (P>0.05). LF group had a higher incidence of perioperative complications (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of adjacent segment-related complications between the two groups (P = 0.3600).
Conclusion: The classification proposed by Berjano can well address the essential needs of ADS patients between symptoms and lateral bending correction, and patients' treatment satisfaction is high, which is a classification worthy of our consideration.
Multi-diverse metasurfaces for fast wide-angle sensing and through-wall imaging
Authors: Wong Hang , Liu Baiyang , Wu Jinyu , Zhang Qingfeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Multi-diverse metasurfaces play a crucial role in enhancing the capacity of sensing, radar, imaging, and communication systems through electromagnetic wave manipulation across different diversity controls. Currently, the primary approach for achieving multidimensional manipulation is through the use of dynamic metasurfaces. However, this method has drawbacks when it comes to fast sensing and imaging because of limitations in pattern switching speed. To address this issue, we propose a novel microwave-to-millimeter-wave meta-atom that provides polarization and frequency diversities. The meta-atoms formed in an array with a disordered permutation enable a wide-angle near-field fast sensing for tracking the moving trajectory of an object. Moreover, employing a dispersion-engineered strategy to arrange the meta-atoms in an array allows for high-gain through-wall imaging, enabling the detection of a sparse object with varying shapes and positions. The achieved result confirms that the proposed technology paves the way for developing multi-diverse metasurfaces that possess fast detecting and through-wall imaging capabilities. This breakthrough creates opportunities for identifying previously unseen modalities, and opens up new possibilities in various applications such as autonomous vehicles, all-weather sensing in surveillance, and radar integrated communication systems in 6G and beyond.
Electrostatic wave interaction via asymmetric vector solitons as precursor to rogue wave formation in non-Maxwellian plasmas
Authors: Lazarides N. , Veldes Giorgos P. , Frantzeskakis D. J. , Kourakis Ioannis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
An asymmetric pair of coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (CNLS) equations has been derived through a multiscale perturbation method applied to a plasma fluid model, in which two wavepackets of distinct (carrier) wavenumbers (k1 and k2) and amplitudes (Ψ1 and Ψ2) are allowed to co-propagate and interact. The original fluid model was set up for a non-magnetized plasma consisting of cold inertial ions evolving against a κ−distributed electron background in one dimension. The reduction procedure resulting in the CNLS equations has provided analytical expressions for the dispersion, self-modulation and cross-coupling coefficients in terms of the two carrier wavenumbers. These coefficients present no symmetry whatsoever, in the general case (of different wavenumbers).
The possibility for coupled envelope (vector soliton) solutions to occur has been investigated. Although the CNLS equations are asymmetric and non-integrable, in principle, the system admits various types of vector soliton solutions, physically representing nonlinear, localized electrostatic plasma modes, whose areas of existence is calculated on the wavenumbers’ parameter plane. The possibility for either bright (B) or dark (D) type excitations for either of the (2) waves provides four (4) combinations for the envelope pair (BB, BD, DB, DD), if a set of explicit criteria is satisfied. Moreover, the soliton parameters (maximum amplitude, width) are also calculated for each type of vector soliton solution, in its respective area of existence. The dependence of the vector soliton characteristics on the (two) carrier wavenumbers and on the spectral index κ characterizing the electron distribution has been explored. In certain cases, the (envelope) amplitude of one component may exceed its counterpart (second amplitude) by a factor 2.5 or higher, indicating that rogue waves (freak waves) may be formed due to modulational interactions among copropagating wavepackets.
As κ decreases from large values, modulational instability occurs in larger areas of the parameter plane(s) and with higher growth rates. The distribution of different types of vector solitons on the parameter plane(s) also varies significantly with decreasing κ, and in fact dramatically for κ between 3 and 2. Deviation from the Maxwell-Boltzmann picture therefore seems to favor modulational instability as a precursor to the formation of bright (predominantly) type envelope excitations and freak waves.
A patient with novel homozygous SPATA5L1(AFG2B) variant related to severe neuromotor delay, spasticity by whole exome re-analysis
Authors: YUCEL Peren PERK , CENNETOGLU Pakize , OZDEMIR Gizem , CAKMAK Merve , GEZDIRICI Alper , KAFADAR Ihsan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Neurodevelopmental Disorder with Hearing Loss and Spasticity; NEDHLS is recently defined autosomal recessive inherited genetic disease characterized by intellectual disability, spastic-dystonic cerebral palsy features, deafness and epilepsy. Until now, totally 48 individuals with SPATA5L1(AFG2B) variant from have been identified, including our individual we presented and approximately half of them have had microcephaly, epileptic seizures, cerebral palsy features. This gene improves normal brain and inner ear morphology and functions. As a consequence of damages on SPATA5L1(AFG2B) gene, cortical atrophy, loss of brain volume, periventricular leukomalacia and corpus callosum abnormalities are determined in brain MRG, and then sensorineural hearing loss clinically. Symptoms and signs resulted from NEDHLS associated with SPATA5L1(AFG2B) variant may mimic cerebral palsy. Here, we present a 4-year-old female patient with a novel homozygous SPATA5L1(AFG2B) variant by WES re-analysis performed in 2022, who was followed up with a diagnosis of cerebral palsy that could not be diagnosed with WES in 2020.
Conformable fractional Traub's method for solving nonlinear systems
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Xu Jiayi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a new conformable fractional Traub's method is proposed for solving nonlinear systems. It can be proved that the order of convergence is 3. Experimental results show that the new proposed method requires fewer iterations in the calculation process than conformable fractional Newton's method. And the convergence planes shows good stability.
Construction and validation of a prognostic nomogram model for SCLC patients in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Song Ziqian , Ma Hengmin , Sun Hao , Li Qiuxia , Liu Yan , Xie Jing , Feng Yukun , Shang Yuwang , Ma Kena , Zhang Nan , Wang Jialin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: The prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is poor. We aim to figure out the survival rate of SCLC and construct a nomogram survival prediction for SCLC patients in Shandong.
Methods: We collected the clinical data of 2219 SCLC patients in various tumor hospitals and general hospitals in fifteen cities in Shandong province from 2010-2014, and the data were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set according to 7:3. We used univariate and multivariate to determine the independent prognostic factors of SCLC, and developed a prognostic nomogram model based on these factors. The predictive discriminatory and accuracy performance of this model was evaluated by the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), and calibration curves.
Results: The overall 5-year survival rate of Shandong SCLC patients was 14.27% with the median survival time being 15.77 months. Multivariate analysis showed that region, sex, age, year of diagnosis, TNM stage (assigned according to the AJCC 8th edition), and treatment type (surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy) were independent prognostic factors and were included in the prognostic nomogram model. The AUC of the training set was 0.724, 0.710, and 0.704 for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year; the AUC of the validation set was 0.678, 0.670, and 0.683 for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year. The calibration curves of the prediction are consistent with the ideal curve.
Conclusion: We construct a nomogram prognostic model to predict SCLC prognosis with certain discrimination which can provide both clinicians and patients with an effective tool for predicting outcomes and guiding treatment decisions.
Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis, characterization, and release kinetics of Sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis Miller) essential oil microcapsules as efficient antibacterial materials
Authors: Caglar Seyma , Sahbaz Deniz Akin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The development of new antibacterial materials is an essential global requirement. Sweetgum essential oil (SGEO) has potential biological activities including antifungal, antitermite, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Microencapsulation is one of the most promising ways to improve physical and chemical stability of essential oils, to prevent thermal degradation, volatilization, and undesirable reactions, and to control release of active components. In this study, it was aimed to synthesize the SGEO microcapsules as new antibacterial materials by ultrasonic-assisted complex coacervation of gelatin and gum Arabic. The coacervation between gelatin and gum Arabic as functions of gelatin:gum Arabic ratio, core material load, and ultrasonication time was investigated. The SGEO microcapsules were characterized by FESEM, FTIR, TGA, and XRD. The SGEO release of the microcapsules was investigated, and best fit was observed with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The antibacterial activity of the microcapsules against Gram–positive and Gram–negative microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) were also evaluated, and it was observed that the microcapsules had strong antibacterial activity against the two common pathogenic bacteria. All the results show that the SGEO microcapsules can be candidates as novel antibacterial materials and may be used to make contributions to antibacterial properties of different industrial products.
Long-term exposure to polystyrene microplastics promotes HFD-induced obesity in mice through exacerbating microbiota dysbiosis
Authors: Zhai Zhian , Yang Ying , Wu Zhenlong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:Microplastics (MPs) have become a global environmental problem, emerging as contaminants with potentially alarming consequences. However, long-term exposure to MPs and its effects on the development of obesity are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of polystyrene (PS)-MPs exposure on high fat diets (HFD)-induced obesity and underlying mechanisms.
Methods:In the present study, C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet (ND) or a HFD in the absence or presence PS-MPs via oral administration for 8 weeks. Antibiotic depletion of the microbiota and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) were performed to assess the influence of PS-MPs on intestinal microbial ecology. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing to dissect microbial discrepancies, and investigated the dysbiosis-associated mucous layer damage and systemic inflammation.
Results:We found that PS-MPs supplementation led to an increased body weight, increases of liver weight, development of hepatic steatosis, elevated tissues mass of white adipose, and induced glucose intolerance and hyperlipemia. At the molecular level, PS-MPs administration was associated with enhanced protein levels of C/EBPα and PPARγ two critical transcription factors that regulate lipid metabolism in the liver, while reducing the protein level of PGC-1α in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing of the fecal microbiota indicated that PS increased the diversity and changed composition of the gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. Potential relations analysis revealed that PS induced microbiota dysbiosis was associated with obesity.Interestingly, microbiota-depleted mice were resistance to PS-induced obesity, suggesting that intestinal microbiota played a critical role in PS-induced obesity pathogenesis. Importantly, transplantation of PS-altered microbiota to microbiota-depleted HFD-fed mice promoted colon mucus layer damage, systematic inflammation and obesity.
Conclusions: Our findings provide a new gut microbiota-driven mechanism for PS-induced obesity in HFD-fed mice, suggesting the need to reevaluate the adverse health effects of MPs commonly existed in daily life, particularly in susceptible population.
The estimation of seismic hazards in Eastern Turkey and its surrounding area by statistical approaches
Authors: Altınoğlu Fatma Figen , Polat Gulten 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

In this study, a complete set of 19933 earthquake data in the depth range from 1 to 30 km from 12 December 1905 to 30 September 2022 was collected and analysed by using the Gutenberg–Richter (GR) earthquake frequency magnitude relationship approach to determine b-value and completeness magnitude (Mc). The size scaling b- and a-values for the overall catalogue were estimated as 0.82 ± 0.01 and 5.452, respectively. The Mc for the entire investigated region was estimated to be equal to 1.9. The observed low b-values were most likely related to differential crustal stress and strain produced by large faults located in the study region. It means that the region is prone to destructive and massive earth-quakes with high magnitudes. Statistical seismic hazard analysis methods including Gutenberg-Richter Law (GR) and Generalized Poisson Regression (GPR) were also used to detect earthquake occurrence intervals and recurrence periods. The results indicated that the GPR model is consistent with the GR model for intermediate-magnitude earthquakes. However, this coherence between the models is not valid for big earthquakes (Mw ≥ 7). According to the GR and GPR models, the return period of a magnitude 7 earthquake is 106.83 and 94.0347 years, respectively. The models used in the study confirm the expected and Pazarcık and Elbistan earthquakes on 6 February, 2023 because this region had not produced a magnitude 7 earthquake since 1893.
Anthelmintic evaluation of three Ayurvedic formulations: a transmission electron microscopy study in Raillietina sp. (Cestoda)
Authors: Chen Risa Parkordor , Soren Amar Deep , Yadav Arun Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ayurveda is one of the ancient traditional medicine systems in India. However, several Ayurvedic medicines lack scientific evidence about their efficacy. This study reports the in vitro anthelmintic effects of three common Ayurvedic formulations, Krimimudgar Ras, Kriminol, and Birangasav on a poultry cestode Raillietina sp., using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Adult cestodes were exposed to different concentrations of Ayurvedic formulations and the paralysed parasites from the highest concentration (50 mg/ml) of Ayurvedic formulations, the reference anthelmintic praziquantel (PZQ) together with control were picked up and processed for TEM. The TEM studies of control cestode parasites revealed a normal arrangement of microthrix layer, basal lamina, longitudinal muscle layer, and a normal nucleus and mitochondria. Importantly, the cestodes that were exposed to 50 mg/mL concentration of Krimimudgar Ras revealed the most prominent ultrastructural alterations in the body of parasites in the form of a disrupted microthrix layer, basal lamina, muscle layer and mitochondria. The nucleus also appeared dense and irregular in shape with scattered chromatin and disrupted nuclear membrane. Kriminol-treated worms revealed considerably less damage, whereas Birangasav-treated worms revealed destructive effects in microthrix layer, nucleus and mitochondria. Through the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that of the three common Ayurvedic formulations studied, Krimimudgar Ras causes maximum degree of internal alterations in cestode parasites and thus may be considered as a good anthelmintic agent.