bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limits of the thermal tolerance of two lentic crustaceans: The role of lactate dehydrogenase
Authors: Zeis Bettina , Koch Marita , Gigengack Ulrike , Morawe Tobias , Paul Rüdiger J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLimits of thermal tolerance in animal life is dependent on energy supply. Accordingly, the lowered ATP production capacity in ectotherms at high temperatures, which arises from a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand and the consequent switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, affects the thermal resistance of these animals. The anaerobic ATP production capacity depends on the functional properties of the enzymes that reduce pyruvate. Thus, the present study focused on the role of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of two daphnid species for anaerobic energy production at warm temperatures and the implications for their specific heat tolerances. Daphnia magna showed a higher thermal limit (indicated by immobilization time at 37°C) than Daphnia pulex, and in both species, this limit increased with rising acclimation temperature. In contrast to D. pulex, D. magna accumulated significant amounts of lactate at higher ambient temperatures. The intensity of anaerobic metabolism was also affected by acclimation temperature. Studying the functional enzyme properties revealed altered maximal reaction rates and substrate inhibitions of the LDH suites of the two daphnid species. D. magna LDH showed a significantly lower substrate inhibition than D. pulex LDH. The LDH isoform composition and the temperature‐induced changes differed between both species. The detected qualitative modulations of the LDH suites may have resulted from differential isoform expression and different maturation processes. The species‐specific LDH characteristics imply a higher anaerobic energy production at warm temperatures in D. magna, which likely contributes to the higher heat tolerance of this species.
Initiative to reduce inappropriate venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in an 11‐hospital safety net system: An electronic health records‐based approach
Authors: Haller Matthew D. , Cho Hyung J. , Ahn Jennifer , Krouss Mona , Alaiev Daniel , Yoon Garrett H. , Dunn Andrew S. , Fagan Ian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile pharmacologic prophylaxis has benefits for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention in high‐risk patients, unnecessary use carries potential harm, including bleeding, heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia, and patient discomfort, and should be avoided in low‐risk patients. While many quality improvement initiatives aim to reduce underuse, successful models on reducing overuse are sparse in the literature.ObjectiveWe aimed to create a quality improvement initiative to reduce overuse of pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis.Designs, Settings and ParticipantsA quality improvement initiative was implemented across 11 safety net hospitals in New York City.InterventionThe first electronic health record (EHR) intervention consisted of a VTE order panel that facilitated risk assessment and recommended VTE prophylaxis for high‐risk patients only. The second EHR intervention used a best practice advisory that alerted clinicians when prophylaxis was ordered for a patient previously deemed “low risk.” Prescribing rates were compared through a three‐segment interrupted time series linear regression design.ResultsCompared to the preintervention period, the first intervention did not change the rate of total pharmacologic prophylaxis immediately after implementation (1.7% relative change, p = .38) or over time (slope difference of 0.20 orders per 1000 patient days, p = .08). Compared to the first intervention period, the second intervention led to an immediate 4.5% reduction in total pharmacologic prophylaxis (p = .04) but increased thereafter (slope difference of 0.24, p = .03) such that weekly rates at the end of the study were similar to rates prior to the second intervention.
Multiparametric MRI of Solid Renal Masses: Principles and Applications of Advanced Quantitative and Functional Methods for Tumor Diagnosis and Characterization
Authors: Laothamatas Indira , Al Mubarak Haitham , Reddy Arthi , Wax Rebecca , Badani Ketan , Taouli Bachir , Bane Octavia , Lewis Sara 
Published: April 2023

Solid renal masses (SRMs) are increasingly detected and encompass both benign and malignant masses, with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) being the most common malignant SRM. Most patients with SRMs will undergo management without a priori pathologic confirmation. There is an unmet need to noninvasively diagnose and characterize RCCs, as significant variability in clinical behavior is observed and a wide range of differing management options exist. Cross‐sectional imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are increasingly used for SRM characterization. Multiparametric (mp) MRI techniques can provide insight into tumor biology by probing different physiologic/pathophysiologic processes noninvasively. These include sequences that probe tissue microstructure, including intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging (IVIM‐DWI) and T1 relaxometry; oxygen metabolism (blood oxygen level dependent [BOLD‐MRI]); as well as vascular flow and perfusion (dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI [DCE‐MRI] and arterial spin labeling [ASL]). In this review, we will discuss each mpMRI method in terms of its principles, roles, and discuss the results of human studies for SRM assessment. Future validation of these methods may help to enable a personalized management approach for patients with SRM in the emerging era of precision medicine.Evidence Level5.Technical Efficacy2.
Biofortification of baby leafy vegetables using nutrient solution containing selenium
Authors: Francini Alessandra , Quattrini Emanuele , Giuffrida Francesco , Ferrante Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiofortification of vegetables is an important innovation technique in the horticultural sector. Vegetables can be a vector of different minor elements that have beneficial effects on human health. Selenium (Se) is an important element for human nutrition and plays a significant role in defence mechanisms. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of Se in the nutrient solutions on the crop biofortification ability, yield, and quality parameters of four baby leafy vegetables destined to the minimally processed industry. Experiments were performed on lamb's lettuce, lettuce, wild rocket, and spinach. These crops were cultivated in the floating systems with nutrient solution enriched with 0, 2.6, 3.9, and 5.2 μmol L−1 Se provided as sodium selenate.RESULTSAt harvest, Se concentrations, yield, nitrate concentration, sugars, and some mineral elements were measured. Data collected and analyses showed that yield, nitrate, sucrose, and reducing sugars were not affected by Se treatments, even if varied among species. Se concentrations linearly increased in leaves of different species by increasing the Se concentration in the nutrient solution. Rocket was the species with the highest accumulation ability and reached a concentration of 11 μg g−1 fresh weight Se in plants grown with 5.2 μmol L−1 Se.CONCLUSIONA floating system with Se‐enriched nutrient solution is an optimal controlled growing biofortification system for leafy vegetables. The accumulation ability decreased in different species in the order wild rocket, spinach, lettuce, and lamb's lettuce, highlighting a crop‐dependent behaviour and their attitude to biofortification. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Irreversible biosynthesis of D‐allulose from D‐glucose in Escherichia coli through fine‐tuning of carbon flux and cofactor regeneration engineering
Authors: Guo Yan , Zhu Zhengwen , Lv Jing , Li Yumei , Chen Jing , Cheng Xiyao , Li Ning , Liu Jidong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs a rare hexose with low calories and various physiological functions, d‐allulose has drawn increasing attention. The current industrial production of d‐allulose from d‐fructose or d‐glucose is achieved via epimerization based on the Izumoring strategy; however, the inherent reaction equilibrium during reversible reaction limits its high conversion yield. Although the conversion of d‐fructose to d‐allulose could be enhanced via phosphorylation‐dephosphorylation mediated by metabolic engineering, biomass reduction and byproduct accumulation remain a largely unresolved issue.RESULTSAfter modifying the glycolytic pathway of Escherichia coli and optimizing the whole‐cell reaction condition, the engineered strain produced 7.57 ± 0.61 g L−1 d‐allulose from 30 g L−1 d‐glucose after 24 h of catalysis. By developing an ATP regeneration system for enhanced substrate phosphorylation, the cell growth inhibition was alleviated and d‐allulose production increased by 55.3% to 11.76 ± 0.58 g L−1 (0.53 g g−1). Fine‐tuning of carbon flux caused a 48% reduction in d‐fructose accumulation to 1.47 ± 0.15 g L−1. After implementing fed‐batch co‐substrate strategy, the d‐allulose titer reached 15.80 ± 0.31 g L−1 (0.62 g g−1) with a d‐glucose conversion rate of 84.8%.CONCLUSIONThe present study reports a novel strategy for high‐yield d‐allulose production from low‐cost substrate. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Gelatin production from turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) skin as a new source: from waste to a sustainable food gelling agent
Authors: Ozcan Yilmaz , Kurt Abdullah , Ozmen Duygu , Toker Omer Said 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDTurkey skin, a byproduct of poultry processing, contains a significant amount of collagen that might be used to make non‐mammal gelatin. However, gelatin production from turkey skin has not yet been investigated. The present study aimed to determine the optimum gelatin extraction conditions from turkey employing the central composite design and response surface methodologies. The independent factors such as temperature (50, 60, and 70 °C) and time (5, 7, and 9 h) were optimized for three response variables: yield, gel strength, and foam expansion (FE).RESULTSWith R2 values of 0.8576 for yield, 0.8386 for gel strength, and 0.9283 for foam expansion, linear, quadratic, and respective models were used. The yield, gel strength, and FE actual values were found to be 15.36%, 396.61 g, and 40%, respectively. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be 62.90 °C for 6.84 h. The foam stability, L, and b values were significantly impacted by temperature and extraction time (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThe gel strength value of the gelatin extracted under optimal conditions was higher than that of commercial bovine. The findings of the present study showed that turkey skin is a suitable raw material for the manufacturing of gelatin. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Giant cell tumor of bone with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst does not have a higher risk of local recurrence
Authors: Tsukamoto Shinji , Aiba Hisaki , Righi Alberto , Nitta Yuji , Traversari Matteo , Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Honoki Kanya , Tanaka Yasuhito , Donati Davide Maria , Errani Costantino 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundFluid–fluid levels (FFLs) is found in 10%–16% of giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), and the presence of FFLs raises the suspicion of GCTB with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC), which can lead to increased intraoperative bleeding and, blurring the operative field, be associated with a risk of local recurrence. The first objective of this study is to determine whether secondary ABC is associated with a higher risk of local recurrence after curettage in patients with GCTB of the extremities. The second objective of this study is to investigate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the presence of FFLs detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose secondary ABC associated with GCTB.MethodsTwo hundred and eighty patients with GCTB of the extremities who underwent curettage at the authors' institutions between 1980 and 2021 were included in this study.ResultsSecondary ABC was found in 36 of 280 patients (12.9%) and local recurrence occurred in 66 of 280 patients (23.6%). Multivariate analysis showed no significant correlation between secondary ABC and local recurrence (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.87 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–3.53]; p = 0.051). Preoperative MRI revealed FFLs in 13 of 82 patients (15.9%). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of FFLs detected on preoperative MRI to diagnose secondary ABC were 36.8%, 90.5%, 53.8%, and 82.6%, respectively.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that secondary ABC does not increase the risk of local recurrence after curettage in patients with GCTB of the extremities. Although rare, FFLs were present in patients with GCTB and half of those with FFLs detected on preoperative MRI had secondary ABC.
Modeling of micellar‐catalyzed bimolecular ionic reactions by a nonlinear Poisson−Boltzmann equation and an electrostatic free energy model
Authors: Karmakar Arnab , Jana Sumit Kumar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe hydrolysis reactions of crystal violet (CV) and p‐nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA) by sodium hydroxide in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micellar solution were studied in this work. Combined with the Boltzmann probability of ionic species in an electrostatic potential field, a model with a numerical scheme was developed based on the nonlinear Poisson−Boltzmann equation in the micelle‐cell consisting of the reactants and the surfactant. The numerical solution gives the ionic species distribution in the micelle phase and the radius of the micelle‐phase. The dielectric constant of the micelle‐phase varies in the range of 39.8−54.4. The second‐order reaction rate constants in the micelle‐phase were determined using the electrostatic and dipolar free energy models. For the basic hydrolysis of CV and PNPA, the overall second‐order rate constants are three to five times and 1.4 times greater than the corresponding values in water, respectively. The rate enhancement occurs due to the distribution of the reactive ionic species in the cell region and the enhancement of the Coulombic and dipolar interactions among the ionic and polar reactants.
980 nm laser endo‐perivenous treatment of lower limb reticular veins and telangiectasias. Technical notes
Authors: Palombi Luca , Morelli Monica 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionFor several years, the venous aesthetic problem has been tackled mainly with sclerotherapy techniques. In recent years, laser techniques have been added, both surface (transdermal) and endo‐perivenous, performed with small optical fibers (100–200 μm) and low intensities in terms of LEED and Watt. The endo‐perivenous technique has extended the possibilities of laser treatment also to the nourishing veins, to telangiectasias resistant to therapies with sclerosing agents and/or transdermal lasers and to vessels with larger diameters (1–3 mm) and depths >1.3 mm.Materials and MethodsWe report a series of 20 patients affected by reticular veins and telangiectasias of the lower limbs (CEAP C1–2) treated with endo‐perivenous technique. The most used setting was: 3 W (range: 2–4 W) with a mean fluence delivered of 11.25 J/cm (range: 6–18) in pulse mode with 980 nm laser, 200 μm fiber after a preventive skin cooling. Scheduled follow‐up occurred 20 and 60 days after treatment.ResultsTotal technical success, understood as complete obliteration of all treated vessels, was achieved in 70% of cases (14/20) after just one treatment. The most observed early local complications were erythema, vesicles, and small cutaneous eschars that regressed in 3 weeks. At 60‐day follow‐up, just one complication was observed: a small area of hyperpigmentation (5%). In this case, chemical peel procedures was performed with good clinical results.ConclusionsEndoperivenous laser treatment represents an effective and valid tool for the treatment of teleangectasias and reticular varicose veins.
Proteomics mining of cancer hallmarks on a single‐cell resolution
Authors: Li Maomao , Zuo Jing , Yang Kailin , Wang Ping , Zhou Shengtao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDysregulated proteome is an essential contributor in carcinogenesis. Protein fluctuations fuel the progression of malignant transformation, such as uncontrolled proliferation, metastasis, and chemo/radiotherapy resistance, which severely impair therapeutic effectiveness and cause disease recurrence and eventually mortality among cancer patients. Cellular heterogeneity is widely observed in cancer and numerous cell subtypes have been characterized that greatly influence cancer progression. Population‐averaged research may not fully reveal the heterogeneity, leading to inaccurate conclusions. Thus, deep mining of the multiplex proteome at the single‐cell resolution will provide new insights into cancer biology, to develop prognostic biomarkers and treatments. Considering the recent advances in single‐cell proteomics, herein we review several novel technologies with particular focus on single‐cell mass spectrometry analysis, and summarize their advantages and practical applications in the diagnosis and treatment for cancer. Technological development in single‐cell proteomics will bring a paradigm shift in cancer detection, intervention, and therapy.
A Combined Molecular Dynamic Simulation and Synchrotron X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy to Characterize the Atomistic Local Structure of Ion‐Containing Polymers
Authors: Vao‐soongnern Visit , Chaodamrongsakul Jittima , Reungsri Kanokporn , Sirirak Kanjana , Amonpattaratkit Penphitcha , Klysubun Wantana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA combined method of molecular dynamic (MD) simulation and synchrotron extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy has been applied to characterize the atomistic local structure of salt ion in polypropylene glycol/potassium thiocyanate (PPG/KSCN). Agreement between simulated and experimental EXAFS spectra is satisfied for both amplitude and frequency. Results imply that, by average, K+ ions are coordinated with PPG by 3.8 ether oxygen at the distance of 2.65 Å from two PPG chains. K+ ions are coordinated to one thiocyanate (SCN−) ion at both N and S position. Polymer chains have more gauche conformation in PPG/KSCN compared to neat PPG.
Isolation of Furfuryl Alcohol Degrading Bacteria from Aromatic Compound‐Based Industrial Waste
Authors: Singh Priyaragini , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) is one of the thermoset biopolymers that can meet the demand of green polymers. Furfuryl alcohol (FA) is the building unit of this promising biopolymer. This work is a preliminary study of microbial degradation of FA. FA degrading bacterial strains have been isolated from sites exposed to various aromatic compounds such as industrial effluents. A total of eight bacterial isolates have been selected as potential FA degraders based on their growth, with FA as the sole carbon source, colony morphology, and biochemical characteristics. In addition, the biokinetic study of the potent bacterial isolates has been performed, and a specific growth rate evaluated.
Light and Solvent Effect on Isomerization and Excimer Formation of Pyrene—Schiff Base Conjugate Sensing Aromatic Analytes
Authors: Mondal Sanjoy , Panja Aditi , Nandi Arun K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPyrene is a fluorescent polycyclic aromatic compound and it will be fascinating whether its excimer complex can be used for sensing of aromatic analytes. So, (E)‐3,4,5‐tris(dodecyloxy)‐N'‐(pyren‐1‐ylmethylene) benzohydrazide (P@M) is synthesized. The E (trans)‐isomer of P@M exhibits bright fluorescence for excimer formation in non‐aromatic solvents for closeness of pyrene moieties of E‐P@M. Upon photo‐irradiation with λ = 254 nm E‐P@M changes to Z‐P@M (cis ‐isomer) at 10−4 M concentration in methyl cyclohexane (MCH) yielding diminished PL‐intensity. Interestingly, upon photo irradiation with λ = 365 nm, the Z‐isomer of P@M reverts to E‐isomer indicating that, E‐Z isomerization of P@M is reversible in nature. The UV–vis absorption band at 370 nm of E‐P@M in MCH at 10−4 M shifts to 344 nm for its Z‐isomer formation. The thick supramolecular aggregated morphology of E‐P@M changes to flowery needle like morphology after photo irradiation with λ = 254 nm. The fluorescent emission of E‐P@M in MCH is quickly quenched on addition of different aromatic analytes through both static and dynamic path way. In solid state E‐P@M also sense aromatic vapors efficiently via fluorescence quenching.
Thymol and Carvacrol: Phenolic Monoterpenes Extracted from the Essential Oil of Thymus vulgaris as Natural Antimicrobial Guests of Nanoporous Crystalline Syndiotactic Polystyrene Fibers
Authors: Cozzolino Antonietta , Botta Chiara , Daniel Christophe , Rizzo Paola 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThymol and carvacrol, relevant natural antimicrobial molecules, induce co‐crystallization and, in absence of any mechanical stretching, also high degrees of axial orientation on s‐PS amorphous fibers. The release of thymol and carvacrol from s‐PS co‐crystalline fibers has been analyzed to realize long‐term antimicrobial fabrics. Partition between isolated guest molecules, present in co‐crystalline phase or simply dissolved in the amorphous phase, has been investigated by FTIR and thermogravimetric measurements. These analyses have been confirmed by polarized FTIR spectra of axially oriented s‐PS films.
The Effect of Blending Natural Rubber‐graft‐poly(methyl methacrylate) on the Dielectric Relaxation of Poly(ethylene oxide)
Authors: Zainal Nurul Fatahah Asyqin , Chan Chin Han 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the dielectric relaxation of the immiscible PEO/NR‐g‐PMMA blends. Due to the heterogeneous morphologies of the blends, the molecular mobility in the polymer chains displays various relaxation responses. The dielectric relaxation of the blends is analyzed in terms of complex impedance, complex permittivity, tangent loss spectra, and complex modulus. The molten neat PEO promotes a long‐range conduction mechanism. On the other hand, NR‐g‐PMMA displays the relaxation of short‐range motion only at temperatures above the glass transition temperature of PMMA‐graft. As for the blends, the relaxation of the dipoles proceeds slower and broader dispersion of relaxation times occurs when NR‐g‐PMMA is added to PEO. In the molten state, only blends with an excess of PEO display the dominance of the long‐range motion of the dipolar entities. The short‐range motion of the dipolar entities becomes dominant when NR‐g‐PMMA is in excess. This suggests that the high restriction of dipole motions in NR‐g‐PMMA affects the dielectric relaxation behavior of PEO/NR‐g‐PMMA blends.
Unraveling the Biochar Potential as Filler for Composites Preparation
Authors: Bartoli Mattia , Giorcelli Mauro , Jagdale Pravin , Rosso Carlo , Rovere Massimo , Tagliaferro Alberto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBiochar is the carbonaceous residue produced from pyrolytic conversion of biomass. Biochar is generally used for agricultural application as soil amendment without exploiting its full potentiality. This brief overview aims to present the use of biochar as filler for the production of reinforced and conductive composites. This study reports an up‐to‐date description of the most recent achievements reached in the field of both thermosetting and thermoplastic composites.