bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time Steps Expandable Inverse Model for Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography Imaging
Authors: Lee Yen-Min 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ultrasound shear wave elastography is an noninvasive imaging technique developed in the last two decades for clinical diagnosis. Commercialized tools perform imaging by measuring tissue elasticity. Consequently, pathological diagnosis can be ineffective owing to a lack of viscocity. Accurately imaging complete viscoelasticity is challenging for ultrasound shear wave elastography because it induces high underdetermination level of the inverse problem. In this paper, a time steps expandable inverse model is developed and used as a regularization method for ultrasound shear wave elastography. With this model, our numerical results demonstrate that ultrasound shear wave elastography is able to image viscoelasticity with measurement noises. The model has potential to enable wider clinical diagnosis for ultrasound shear wave elastography.
Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Novel Ternary PPS/PVA/Fe 3 O 4 Nanocomposite for Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Atashkadi Mojdeh , Mohadesi Alireza , Karimi Mohammad Ali , Mohammadi Seyed Zia , Aghaei Vida Haji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study used a simple co-precipitation method to fabricate a novel polymer-based photocatalyst that displayed effective photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of methylene blue (MB) solution under visible light irradiation. Due to its excellent properties, intrinsic polarization, and asymmetric structure, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) was utilized in the magnetic ternary PPS/PVA/Fe3O4 nanocomposite. The analytical techniques confirmed the desirable combination of the photo-initiated Fe3O4 nanoparticles as the strong oxidizers with the high adsorption capacity of PPS and the binding and conductive effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Binary nanocomposites of PPS/Fe3O4 and PVA/Fe3O4 were also prepared to compare their photocatalytic activities with that of the PPS/PVA/Fe3O4 sample. The optimum degradation occurred in PPS/PVA/Fe3O4, reaching 83% after 120 minutes. Its superior activity was attributed to the synergistic interactions, such as broader absorption of visible light, suppression of electron-hole pair recombination, and increment in the surface area of the mesoporous catalyst. Based on the effects of scavengers, it was concluded that hydroxyl radicals had a vital role in the photodegradation of methylene blue. Kinetically, the photocatalytic activity of PPS/PVA/Fe3O4 followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, which was about 3.9 and 3.1 times greater than those of PPS and PPS/Fe3O4, respectively. More specifically, the superparamagnetic behavior of PPS/PVA/Fe3O4 helped to be recovered with an external magnetic field and showed good reusability and stability after four successive runs. The current work suggests that PPS-based photocatalysts can provide promising opportunities for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and opens up a new perspective on water treatment.
PetBERT: Automated ICD-11 Syndromic Disease Coding for Outbreak Detection in First Opinion Veterinary Electronic Health Records
Authors: Farrell Sean , Appleton Charlotte , Noble Peter-John Mantyla , Moubayed Noura Al 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Effective public health surveillance requires consistent monitoring of disease signals such that researchers and decision-makers can react dynamically to changes in disease occurrence. However, whilst surveillance initiatives exist in production animal veterinary medicine, comparable frameworks for companion animals are lacking. First-opinion veterinary electronic health records (EHRs) have the potential to reveal disease signals and often represent the initial reporting of clinical syndromes in animals presenting for medical attention, highlighting their possible significance in early disease detection. Yet despite their availability, there are limitations surrounding their free text-based nature, inhibiting the ability for national-level mortality and morbidity statistics to occur. This paper presents PetBERT, a large language model trained on over 500 million words from 5.1 million EHRs across the UK. PetBERT-ICD is the additional training of PetBERT as a multi-label classifier for the automated coding of veterinary clinical narratives with the \emph{International Classification of Disease 11} framework achieving F1 scores exceeding 83\% across 20 disease codings with minimal annotations. PetBERT-ICD effectively identifies disease outbreaks, outperforming current clinician-assigned point-of-care labelling strategies up to three weeks earlier. The potential for PetBERT-ICD to enhance disease surveillance in veterinary medicine represents a promising avenue for advancing animal health and improving public health outcomes.
Increased CpG methylation at the CDH1 locus in inflamed ileal mucosa of patients with Crohn disease
Authors: de Ponthaud Charles , Abdalla Solafah , Belot Marie-Pierre , Shao Xiaojian , Brouquet Antoine , Penna Christophe , Bougnères Pierre 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
E-cadherin, a major actor of cell adhesion in the intestinal barrier, is encoded by the CDH1 gene and associated with susceptibility to Crohn's Disease (CD) and colorectal cancer. Since epigenetic mechanisms are suspected to contribute to the pathogenesis of CD, we studied the methylation of the CpG island (CGI) located in the CDH1 promoter and of 4 CpGs in the 7th enhancer in inflamed ileal mucosa and PBMC of CD patients operated on. Patients who underwent surgery for a non-inflammatory bowel disease provided a macroscopically normal ileal mucosa and PBMC for comparison.
Results
In ileal mucosa, 90% of the 21 studied CD patients had a methylated CDH1 CGI vs 50% of the 16 control patients (P < 0.01). In PBMC, percentage was comparable in CD (52%) and controls (44%). The methylation of the 4 CpGs in the 7th enhancer of CDH1 was also higher in the CD group for each individual CpG and for the average of the 4 CpGs (45 ± 17% in CD patients vs 36 ± 17% in controls, P < 0.001), while it was comparable in PBMC. The rs16260 SNP known to be associated with CD was not associated with studied CpG methylation.
Conclusion
Independently of the rs16260 genotype, the methylation of the promoter CGI and 4 enhancer CpGs at the CDH1 locus was increased in the inflamed ileal mucosa of a small cohort of CD patients. We speculate that these local methylation changes may decrease local expression of E-cadherin (not studied) and favor or aggravate ileal CD lesions. Whether CGI methylation could be used as a biomarker of colorectal cancer risk in ileal biopsies will have to be explored in further studies.
Home practice for robotic surgery: A randomized controlled trial of a low-cost simulation model
Authors: Wile Rachel , Brian Riley , Rodriguez Natalie , Chern Hueylan , Cruff Jason , O'Sullivan Patricia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE
Pre-operative simulated practice allows trainees to learn robotic surgery outside the operating room without risking patient safety. While simulation practice has shown efficacy, simulators are expensive and frequently inaccessible. Cruff (2021) described a low-cost simulation model to learn hand movements for robotic surgery. Our study evaluates whether practice with low-cost home simulation models can improve trainee performance on robotic surgery simulators.
METHODS
Home simulation kits were adapted from those described by Cruff (2021). Hand controllers were modified to mimic the master tool manipulators (MTMs) on the da Vinci Skills Simulator (dVSS). Medical students completed two da Vinci exercises: Sea Spikes 1 (SS1) and Big Dipper Needle Driving (BDND). They were subsequently assigned to either receive a home simulation kit or not. Students returned two weeks later and repeated SS1 and BDND. Overall score, economy of motion, time to completion, and penalty subtotal were collected, and analyses of covariance were performed. Semi-structured interviews assessed student perceptions of the robotic simulation experience.
RESULTS
Thirty-three medical students entered the study. Twenty-nine completed both sessions. The difference in score improvement between the experimental and control groups was not significant. In interviews, students provided suggestions to increase fidelity and usefulness of low-cost robotic home simulation.
CONCLUSIONS
Low-cost home simulation models did not improve student performance on dVSS after two weeks of at-home practice. Interview data highlighted areas to focus future simulation efforts. Ongoing work is necessary to develop low-cost solutions to facilitate practice for robotic surgery and foster more inclusive and accessible surgical education.
Gut microbiota and intervertebral disc degeneration: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Geng Ziming , Wang Jian , Chen Guangdong , Liu Jianchao , Lan Jie , Zhang Zepei , Miao Jun. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Although previous studies have suggested a close association between gut microbiota(GM) and intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD), the causal relationship between them remains unclear.Hence,we thoroughly investigate their causal relationship by means of a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) study, aiming to determine the impact of gut microbiota on the risk of developing intervertebral disc degeneration.
METHODS
Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of GM (the MiBioGen) and IVDD (the FinnGen biobank) have been acquired.The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary MR analysis approach. Weighted median (WME), MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and simple mode were used as supplements. The mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) and MR-Egger regression were performed to assess horizontal pleiotropy. Cochran's Q test evaluated heterogeneity.Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was further conducted to determine the reliability of the causal relationship. A reverse MR analysis was conducted to assess potential reverse causation.
RESULTS
We identified nine gut microbial taxa that were causally associated with IVDD(P < 0.05).Following the Benjamini-Hochberg corrected test, the association between the phylum Bacteroidetes and a higher risk of IVDD remained significant(IVW FDR-corrected P = 0.0365). The results of the Cochrane Q test did not indicate heterogeneity (P > 0.05). Additionally, both the MR-Egger intercept test and the MR-PRESSO global test revealed that our results were not influenced by horizontal pleiotropy (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the leave-one-out analysis substantiated the reliability of the causal relationship.In the reverse analysis, no evidence was found to suggest that IVDD has an impact on the gut microbiota.
CONCLUSION
Our results validate the potential causal impact of particular GM taxa on IVDD, thus providing fresh insights into the gut microbiota-mediated mechanism of IVDD and laying the groundwork for further research into targeted preventive measures.
A mammary gland secretion function study based on a quantitative comparison between milk and serum
Authors: Wei Li-Long , Xiao Rui , Zhou Yun , Han Cheng-Wu , Cao Yong-Tong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to study the secretory function of human mammary glands through a comparative analysis of common clinical indicators in serum and milk. Milk and serum samples were collected from lactating women simultaneously, and titers of common biochemical components were determined using an automated biochemical analyzer. The differences between the levels of serum and milk components were analyzed using statistical software. There were significant biochemical differences between the milk and serum samples. Among the 46 biochemical components in the quantitative comparison, the titers or activities of eight milk constituents were significantly higher than those in serum, while 32 milk components were significantly lower than those in serum. Overall, the individual differences in milk were significantly greater than those in serum. The differences between the levels of serum and milk components were assessed definitively, and some additional characteristic secretions from the human breast were also quantified, providing much more data for further research on the secretory function of the human breast.
Misdiagnosis and treatment of a case of malignant melanoma found in an axillary mass: case report and review
Authors: Wan Yu , Long Changhai , Liu Yun , Wang Jieqiong , Wang Shaohua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly dangerous, potentially fatal tumor originating from melanocytes in the neural crest. It most often occurs in the skin, and regional lymph nodes (inguinal, axillary, cervical, and others) can metastasize at an early stage. Malignant tumors not involving the hematopoietic system initially appear as axillary masses, constituting a unique clinical manifestation. Moreover, MM in an axillary mass is difficult to diagnose preoperatively and is easily misidentified.
Case presentation:
Here, we report on a 62-year-old woman with MM occurring within an axillary mass; it was initially misdiagnosed as synovial sarcoma and fibrosarcoma. Under general anesthesia, the patient underwent radical surgery of a right axillary lymph node; she then received six cycles of chemotherapy. About 14 months later, the lesion recurred and metastasized to the chest wall and breast skin. After biopsy of the skin nodules on the chest wall as well as examination by immunohistochemistry(IHC) and gene detection, the lesion was confirmed to be a MM. Finally, after two cycles of targeted drug treatment, the lesions in the armpit, chest wall, and breast skin disappeared.
Conclusion
MM is an often lethal, highly malignant, easily misdiagnosed form of cancer that requires careful study, following its clinical course, and scrutinizing the findings from imaging, pathology, immunohistochemistry, and gene detection.
Deep Custom Transfer Learning Models for Recognizing Human Activities via Video Surveillance
Authors: Gupta Saurabh , Mahapatra Rajendra Prasad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The use of video surveillance for human activity recognition (HAR) in inpatient rehabilitation, activity recognition, or mobile health monitoring has grown in popularity recently. Before using it on new users, a HAR classifier is often trained offline with known users. If the activity patterns of new users differ from those in the training data, the accuracy of this method for them can be subpar. Because of the high cost of computing and the lengthy training period for new users, it is impractical to start from scratch when building mobile applications. The 2DCNNLSTM, Transfer 2DCNNLSTM, LRCN, or Transfer LRCN were proposed in this paper as deep learning and transfer learning models for recognizing human activities via video surveillance. The Transfer LRCN scored 100 for Training Accuracy and 69.39 for Validation Accuracy, respectively. The lowest Validation Loss of 0.16 and the Lowest Training Loss of 0.001 was obtained by Transfer LRCN, respectively. The 2DCNNLSTM has a 98.34 lowest training accuracy and a 47.62 lowest validation accuracy.
Investigation of the evolution of overburden structure during the repeated mining of close-range coal seams
Authors: Li Lei , Xue Yonglin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To address the challenges presented by the repeated mining of short-distance coal seams in western China, this study used numerical calculation, theoretical analysis, and field investigation to analyze the damage to strata overlying the stope during the repeated mining of short-distance coal seams in the Longde coal mine. The mechanical behaviors of the strata overlying the stope were evaluated under repeated mining conditions to construct a mechanical model of strata failure and determine the instability criteria of the overlying rock. Based on the results, a strategy for stabilizing the strata overlying the stope was proposed for short-distance coal seams under repeated mining and tested in the field. The results indicate several key locations of failure and instability during the repeated mining of short-distance coal seams: the first mining face along the mining direction, the outer entity of the connecting face coal boundary, the front coal wall boundary, the rear incision boundary of the first face, and the continuation face along the direction of mining. According to the engineering conditions of short-distance coal seam mining in the Longde coal mine, the mining thickness of the 2–2 coal seam should be limited during repeated downward mining. On-site observations showed that at a mining thickness of 4.0 m, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone was 94.15 m; under these conditions, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone did not reach the lower boundary of the rock-bearing layer at the bottom of the overlying rock after repeated mining of the near coal seam. The findings provide important theoretical guidance for coal seam mining under similar conditions.
Rational Bézier curve with minimum strain energy
Authors: Hussain Maria , Arshad Nazish 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this research paper, a 𝐺 1 -rational cubic Bézier curve is presented in comparison of cubic splines. The rational cubic Bézier curve has enough number of degrees of freedoms. The 𝐺 1 - Hermite interpolation conditions are imposed at the end points of the curve to fix some of these degrees of freedom. The remaining degrees of freedom are optimized to generate fair curves by minimizing the strain energy of 𝐺 1 -rational cubic Bézier curve. Several comparative examples are provided to establish its effectiveness and usefulness for shape design.
AMS Subject Classification 2010: 68U05, 65D05, 65D07, 65D18
The impact of regulation on mobile phone call prices in Africa
Authors: LEKOULEMBISSA Fred Lionnel ABELOCKO , ELLA Philémon NSI , MENDY Pierre , YEBE Gabriel ZOMO 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since the beginning of the 2000s, Africa has been experiencing a veritable revolution in the mobile telephony sector. Despite this revolution, mobile service prices remain exceptionally high relative to household purchasing power. This article analyses the impact of regulation on the pricing process for mobile calls in Africa, using panel data from 32 African countries over the period 2008–2020. The main results show that the simultaneous implementation of regulatory policies promotes lower prices for mobile calls in Africa. However, we get mixed results when we disaggregate regulation into these different components in the regression. The Autonomy of regulation and Regulatory regime components are detrimental to the variation in mobile call prices, while the Regulatory mandate and Competition framework components have a positive effect on prices. Consequently, the effectiveness of regulatory policy implies a coordinated and joint implementation of the different regulatory components.
JEL Classification: C33; E31; L96 ; M38.
Advancing Human Activity Recognition: Locality Constrained Linear Coding and Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Khan Muhammad Hassan , Shabbir Maryam , Li Jianqiang , Naseem Shahid , Mahmood Tariq , Ahmad Fahad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The new improvements in hardware and machines showing shrewd qualities includes various procedures comprising software and hardware architectural improvements. A wide range of wearable-sensors, hardware equipment, machine and deep-learning models are being applied in Human Activity Recognition (HAR) oriented systems and applications lately. Whereas, to foster best models for accurate classification of human actions is of critical significance.
Results: For the accomplishment of this objective this study utilizes sensor’s data from two less-expensive sensors, accelerometer, and gyroscope alongside the execution of reconstruction based feature encoding approach i.e. Locality-constrained Linear Coding (LLC) for human activity recognition. This research is intended to perform human action classification where LLC is used in this research for encoding the discriminative data of human body movements (acquired through sensors) while performing a specific action. For encoding the hand crafted features the utilization of LLC is legitimized by exhibiting its prevalence over other different approaches e.g. Sparse-Coding etc.
Conclusions:Using LLC encoding approach, final classification of the feature vector is performed using different machine learning approaches i.e. Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results for activity classification are evaluated in terms of precision, recall, F1-Score against each activity.
Determination of the relationship between individuals’ fear of COVID-19 and their participation in cancer screenings
Authors: Bal Sevgi , Baysal Hasret Yalcinoz 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between individuals' fear of COVID-19 and their participation in cancer screenings.
Methods
The study utilized a descriptive and relational-screening design. Data were collected through an online survey administered to the participants who lived in Erzurum, were aged between 50 and 70 years, and agreed to participate in the study between April 2021 and April 2022. The population of the study consisted of individuals living in Erzurum and aged between 50 and 70 years. The sample size was calculated using the formula with a known target population, which was determined to be a minimum of 384 individuals. The study was completed with 393 participants. Data were collected through the Patient Characteristics Form and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale.
Results
The participants’ Fear of COVID-19 Scale mean score was found 19.59±6.98, indicating an above-average fear of COVID-19 considering the 7 to 35 score range. It was found that the fear of COVID-19 increased the rate of not having screening behaviors by 0.923 times during the pandemic process.
Conclusions
The fear of COVID-19 was also found to increase the level of refraining from going to a health institution due to the fear of catching the virus during the pandemic process and not thinking about having cancer screenings in case of the continuation of the pandemic by 0.954 times (p=0.000).
Essential Herbal Plants for the Clinical Management of Polycystic Ovary
Syndrome and Patents for the Same
Authors: Rao Komal , Bansal Nidhi , Yadav Nikita , Minocha Neha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in females with excessive hormonal
levels, but a reasonable cause is unknown. For PCOS, various pharmaceutical therapies have been
offered, like oral contraceptive pills (which balance hormonal imbalances). PCOS is commonly used as
an alternative to PCOD (Polycystic Ovary Disease). Although a part of the implicated mechanism in the
occurrence of PCOS has been discovered, the specific etiology and pathophysiology are still unknown.
Many types of complementary medicines are used to treat PCOD, and herbal medicines are one of them.
Medical herbs have long been utilized to manage PCOS in women's gynecological and reproductive issues.
This review article discusses the importance of herbal medicines and lifestyle modifications for
PCOD patients. Many clinical studies proved that herbs like liquorice, cinnamon, Unkei-to, and fenugreek
are helpful in PCOD management by improving hormone levels, ovulatory dysfunctions, obesity,
and insulin resistance in the body. This review explores the natural plants that can be used to treat the
disease naturally. The herbs can be used either alone or in combination.