bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reprogramming of Myelopoiesis by Malaria-induced Hemozoin Accumulation
Authors: Cheng Shih-Chin , Zhu Yanhui , Gao Qingxiang , Cheng Yu , Wang Shengfang , Zhang Jia , Yang Shuzhen , Xu Ren , Yuan Jing , Novakovic Boris , Netea Mihai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Malaria remains a major worldwide health challenge by affecting millions of people every year. Malaria infection leads to hemozoin (Hz) deposition in the bone marrow, which in turn disrupts hematopoiesis and modulates immune responses to other infections. The underlying mechanism of these alterations remain obscure. Here, we show that persistent Hz deposition instigates a sustained myelopoiesis bias, characterized by increased peripheral myeloid cells and heightened cytokine production reminiscent of trained immunity. Hz orchestrates myelopoiesis predominantly through a cell-intrinsic Myd88-dependent pathway, which entails augmented chromatin accessibility of key transcription factor genes, such as PU.1 and IRF-8, in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). This effect was validated by complementary experiments employing direct Hz injection into the bone cavity and bone marrow chimeras. Intriguingly, the epigenetic alterations in HSPCs impart a lasting impact on the transcriptome and function of circulating monocytes. Furthermore, abrogating Ly6C monocytes eliminates the protective effects of Hz-driven myelopoiesis, underscoring the indispensable role of enhanced myelopoiesis in host defense. Our study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms governing Hz-induced myelopoiesis and deepens our understanding of central trained immunity induced by Hz. These findings imply a potential co-evolutionary advantage of previous malaria infection in conferring resistance to subsequent pathogen encounters in malaria-endemic regions.
Solvent-promoted selective hydroxymethylation of biomass-derived furan compounds
Authors: Peng Lincai , Song Weipeng , Zhang Junhua , Sun Yong , Zhang Rui , Liu Huai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Valorization of biomass-derived industrially-accessible C5 furan compounds like furfural (FF) and furfuryl alcohol (FA) to bifunctionalized furan-based derivatives is of great importance to biorefinery processes, yet remains challenging. We report herein the catalytic hydroxymethylation of FA rather than the conventional hydrogenation of costly 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), giving high yield to 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF), a versatile intermediate. Using formalin/1,4-dioxane mixture as the solvent system, DHMF yield reaches 76.4% over Hβ zeolite at 60°C within 60 min, which considerably exceeding the yields in single formalin and the state-of-art reports on FF hydroxymethylation to HMF. The co-solvent 1,4-dioxane serves as a catcher of formaldehyde hydrate to access substrate FA and as a shield to restrain undesirable condensation reactions. Impressively, the developed protocol reveals excellent universality in boosting the hydroxymethylation of electrondrawing group-free furan molecules (e.g., furan, 2-methylfuran). The understanding of these solvation effects can be employed to manipulate the hydroxymethylation of biomass-related furan compounds.
Tetrahydrocannabinol derivative ameliorates 5-FU mediated DNA damage propensity coupled with Vimentin suppression leading to autophagy induction
Authors: Goswami Anindya , Mir Khalid , Chakraborty Souneek , Amin Tanzeeba , Kumar Aviral , War Abdul Raouf , Nalli Yedukondalu , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Lekha , Ali Asif 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anastasis cascade including induction of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition ( EMT), DNA repair, and stimulation of pro-survival mediators collectively exaggerate therapy resistance in cancer prognosis. The extensive implications of DNA-damaging agents are clinically proven futile for the rapid development of disease recurrence during treatment regime. In order to tackle this catastrophic event, recently, combinatorial approaches to prevent the pro-survival and pro-metastatic mediators responsible for incurring resistance to tumor cells are rapidly emerging. Herein we report a glycosidic derivative of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-9-OG) abrogates 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) induced EMT in colon cancer cells nullifying DNA repairing mechanism. Our in vitro and in vivo data strongly proclaims that THC-9-OG could not only abrogated 5FU mediated background EMT activation through stalling matrix gelatin degradation as well as murine 4T1 lung metastasis but also strongly diminished Rad51 DNA damage repairing mediator along with stimulation of γH2AX foci formation. The combinatorial treatment (5FU + THC-9-OG) in Apc knockout colorectal carcinoma model conferred remission of the crypt progenitor phenotype which was prominently identified in alone 5FU treatment. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that 5FU plus THC-9-OG significantly attenuated the major EMT inducer Vimentin via extensive ROS generation which simultaneously triggered autophagy induction via LC3B I-II conversion and p62 degradation in a p-ATM dependent manner. Additionally, Cannabinoid receptor CB1 was responsible for abrogation of Vimentin since we found increase in the expression of γH2AX and decrease in vimentin expression in CB1 agonist (ACEA) plus 5FU treated cells. Nutshell, our results unveil a new direction of Cannabinoid based combinatorial approach to control background EMT along with robust enhancing of DNA damage potential of sub-toxic concentration of 5FU resulting immense inhibition of distant metastasis coupled with triggering cell death in vitro and in vivo.
Identification and validation of RNA-binding protein SLC3A2 regulates melanocyte ferroptosis in vitiligo by integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing
Authors: Zhang Jingzhan , Xiang Fang , Ding Yuan , Hu Wen , Wang Hongjuan , Zhang Xiangyue , Lei Zixian , Li Tingting , Wang Peng , Kang Xiaojing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of vitiligo remains unclear. The genes encoding vitiligo-related RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and their underlying pathogenic mechanism have not been determined.
Methods
Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from the CNCB database was obtained to identify distinct cell types and subpopulations and the relative proportion changes in vitiligo and healthy samples. Using RBP genes for unsupervised clustering, we obtained the specific RBP genes of different cell types in vitiligo and healthy groups. We analyzed the RBP genes in different cell subpopulations, especially melanocytes. Combined with the bulk RNA-seq data of melanocytes, we obtained the different RBP genes from melanocytes and predicted their function. Cell experiments, including gene knockdown, qRT–PCR, western blotting, flow cytometry, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis-related tests, were conducted to explore the role of the key RBP gene SLC3A2 in vitiligo.
Results
We identified 14 different cell types and 28 cell subpopulations using scRNA-seq data. There is a significant difference in the proportion of each cell subpopulation between the patients with vitiligo and healthy groups. The RBP gene expression is highly heterogeneous; there are significant differences in some cell types, such as keratinocytes, Langerhans, and melanocytes, while there are no significant differences in other cells, such as T cells and fibroblasts in the two groups. The melanocyte-specific RBP genes were enriched in the apoptosis and immune-related pathways in the patients with vitiligo group. Combined with the bulk RNA-seq data of melanocytes, key RBP genes related to melanocytes were identified, including 11 upregulated RBP genes (BST2, CDKN2A, HLA-A, IFIT1, LMF2, RPL12, RPL29, RPL31, RPS19, RPS21, and RPS28) and one downregulated RBP gene (SLC3A2). Cell experiments confirmed melanocyte proliferation decreased, whereas apoptosis increased after SLC3A2 knockdown. SLC3A2 knockdown in melanocytes also decreased the SOD activity and melanin content; increased the Fe2+, ROS, and MDA content; significantly increased the expression levels of TYR and COX2; and decreased the expression levels of GSH and GPX4.
Conclusions
We identified the RBP genes of different cell subsets in patients with vitiligo and confirmed that downregulating SLC3A2 can promote ferroptosis in melanocytes. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
Association between gut microbiota at 3.5 years of age and body mass index at 5 years: Results from two French nationwide birth cohorts
Authors: Charles Marie , Toubon Gaël , Butel Marie-José , Rozé Jean-Christophe , Delannoy Johanne , Ancel Pierre Yves , Aires Julio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives:
The relations between the gut microbiota and change in body mass index (BMI) or pediatric overweight in early life remain unclear and there is a scarcity of information regarding the preterm population. This study aimed to investigate how the gut microbiota at 3.5 years of age is associated with (1) the later BMI at 5 years, and (2) BMI z-score variations between 2 and 5 years in children from two French nationwide birth cohorts.
Subjects/Methods:
Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to profile the gut microbiota at 3.5 years of very preterm children (n = 143, EPIPAGE 2 cohort) and late preterm/full-term children (n = 369, ELFE cohort). Predicted metabolic function abundances was computed using PICRUSt2 tool. Children anthropometric measurements were collected at 2 and 5 years through medical exams or retrieved from the child health booklets. Statistical analyses included multivariable linear and logistic regressions, variable selection using random forest, and microbiome regression-based kernel association tests.
Results
The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio at 3.5 years was positively associated with BMI z-score at 5 years. Several genera were positively associated ([Eubacterium] hallii group, Fusicatenibacter, and [Eubacterium] ventriosum group) or negatively associated (Eggerthella, Colidextribacter, and Ruminococcaceae CAG-352) with BMI z-score at 5 years. Some genera were also associated with BMI z-score variations between 2 and 5 years. Predicted metabolic functions including steroid hormone biosynthesis, biotin metabolism, glycosaminoglycan degradation, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism were associated with a lower BMI z-score at 5 years. Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathway was associated with a higher BMI z-score.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that the gut microbiota at 3.5 years is associated with later BMI during childhood independently of preterm or term birth suggesting that changes in the gut microbiota that may predispose to adult obesity begin in early childhood.
Novel NARS2 variants in a patient with early-onset status epilepticus: case study and literature review
Authors: Yang Nuo , Chen Limin , Zhang Yanfeng , Wu Xuemei , Hao Yunpeng , Yang Fan , Yang Zuozhen , Liang Jianmin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: NARS2 as a member of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases was necessary to covalently join a specific tRNA to its cognate amino acid. Biallelic variants in NARS2 were reported with disorders such as Leigh syndrome, deafness, epilepsy, and severe myopathy.
Methods: Detailed clinical phenotypes were collected and the NARS2 variants were discovered by whole exome sequencing and verified by Sanger sequencing. Additionally, 3D protein structure visualization was performed by UCSF Chimera.
Results: The proband in our study had early-onset status epilepticus with abnormal EEG and MRI results. She also performed global developmental delay (GDD) and myocardial dysfunction. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing revealed compound heterozygous missense variants [NM_024678.6:exon14:c.1352G>A(p.Arg451His); c.707T>C(p.Phe236Ser)] of theNARS2 gene. The proband develops refractory epilepsy with GDD and hyperlactatemia. Unfortunately, she finally died for status seizures two months later.
Conclusion: We discovered two novel missense variants of NARS2 in a patient with early-onset status epilepticus and myocardial dysfunction. The NGS enables the patient to be clearly diagnosed as combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 24 (COXPD24, OMIM:616239), and our findings expands the spectrum of gene variants in COXPD24.
Comparing aneuploidy rate in arrested human embryos derived from in-vivo and in-vitro matured oocytes
Authors: Montazeri Fateme , Kalantar Seyed Mehdi , Hoseini Seyed Mehdi , Agha-Rahimi Azam , Abdoli Maryam , Nikuei Pooneh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
In vitro maturation (IVM) of immature oocytes is an increasingly popular assisted reproductive technology (ART) due to its reduced cost and simplicity, offering advantages for women at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the morphology and cytogenetic status of embryos from IVM oocytes.
Material and Methods
The arrested embryos were collected from IVM cycles (case N = 66) or IVF cycles (control N = 68). Embryos in the cleavage stage were examined microscopically to assess their morphology, followed by investigation of aneuploidy in chromosomes 13, 18, 21, and X / 15, 16, 22, using FISH-based PGS on biopsied blastomeres.
Results
In this study, the maturation rate of GV-oocytes was about 64.79% which was significantly lower than the maturation rate of MII-oocytes around 85.5%. Also, the embryo formation rate was significantly higher in the control group than the case group (0.044). However, there was no significant difference in the fertilization rate, arresting rate and embryo quality between the groups (P-value > 0.05). In addition, the frequency of aneuploidy for each chromosome individually and overall abnormalities in sex and autosomes did not display any significant differences in arrested embryos that were generated from GV and MII oocytes.
Conclusion
Our study indicates that IVM does not impact the quality of embryos, nor does it increase the aneuploidy rate of GV-derived embryos. Thus, we highly recommend using IVM for patients who are hormone-sensitive, poor responders, or at risk of OHSS. We also strongly advise screening embryos that are derived from GV-oocytes through PGS, regardless of quality.
Efficacy analysis of treatment of femoral shaft fractures in adolescents with elastic intramedullary nail
Authors: Sun Jianping , Liang Xiao-ju , Wang Bing , Qu Ji-ning , Jie Qiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the clinical efficacy of treatment of femoral shaft fractures in adolescents with elastic intramedullary nail.
Methods
From March 2016 to January 2022, the data of 59 cases of adolescent femoral shaft fractures treated by elastic intramedullary nail in the Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University were analyzed retrospectively. We were able to follow-up on 59 patients (34 males, 25 females); Mean age at fracture was 13 (11 ~ 18) years; Body weight: 38 ~ 62kg, average 48kg. The time from injury to surgery ranged from 2 to 7 days. The average was 3.8 days. All operations were fixed with elastic intramedullary nails, and external fixation was fixed with hip herringbone plaster or brace. Record the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, diameter of elastic intramedullary nail, external fixation method, hospital stay, fracture healing time, etc.
Results
Surgery took 60 ~ 180 minutes, with an average of 110 minutes. Intraoperative blood loss: 5 ~ 30ml, average 14ml. Elastic intramedullary nail diameter: Of these, 24 patients used 4.0mm; 35 patients used 3.5mm. External fixation: hip herringbone plaster fixation in 45 cases; 14 cases were fixed with brace. Patients were hospitalised for 4 ~ 14 days, averaging 7 days. Mean post-operative follow-up of 18 months (12–36 months). The fracture healing time was 3 to 8 months (average 4.6 months). The internal fixation was taken out from 11 to 20 months after operation, with an average of 13 months. During the follow-up period, no patient had complications such as femoral head necrosis, infection, nonunion of fracture, delayed union, malunion and nail withdrawal. At the last follow-up, the lower limbs of two patients were not equal in length, but the difference was less than 1 cm.
Conclusions
The treatment of femoral head fractures in adolescents with flexible intramedullary nailing is simple, with less bleeding, fewer complications, less impact on limb development, and definite efficacy.
Fat Phobia Scale-Short Form and Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale: Cross-Cultural Adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: de Souza Gabriela Cristina Arces , Laus Maria Fernanda , Silva Wanderson Roberto da , Japur Camila Cremonezi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Fat Phobia Scale-Short Form (FPS) and the Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) are scales developed to investigate fatphobia and beliefs about obese persons , respectively. The aim of the study was to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of these scales to Brazilian Portuguese. The methodology was carried out in 5 stages: 1. translation, 2. synthesis of translations, 3. evaluation by the expert committee of semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalences, 4. discussion with the target population (health professionals and other areas), and 5. back-translation. The results of the judgment of equivalences evaluated by the specialists were presented in absolute and relative frequency, and the agreement of the results between the specialists was verified by the Kappa de Fleiss Coefficient (₭). The results showed excellent agreement for all equivalences in both scales, except for BAOP semantics, which was good. (₭ = 0,67). Suggestions from the target population (Brazilian adults) were considered to adapt the final version of the two scales, which were back-translated and approved by the original authors. It is concluded that FPS and BAOP are duly adapted to Brazilian Portuguese and ready to be tested for their psychometric qualities.
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of infectious diseases in hospitalized older patients
Authors: Balducci Marco , Locatelli Edoardo , Barbieri Maria Giorgia , Ferrighi Elena , Scardina Serena , Barrile Giulia , Sganga Federica , Mattioli Irene , Remelli Francesca , Maggi Stefania , Volpato Stefano , Trevisan Caterina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose.
Vaccinations, for example flu vaccine, may be a cause of cross-reactive immunostimulation that prevents a larger spectrum of infections. However, whether SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations may also determine this effect is unclear. This study aims, first, to assess the incidence of infections at hospital admission and during the hospitalization in older inpatients vaccinated and unvaccinated against SARS-CoV-2; second, to compare length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
Methods
. This retrospective study included 754 older inpatients admitted to the Geriatrics and Orthogeriatrics Units of the University Hospital of Ferrara (Italy) between March 2021 and November 2021. Sociodemographic and health-related data, and the diagnosis of infections at hospital admission and during hospitalization were collected from medical records.
Results.
The sample’s mean age was 87.2 years, 59.2% were females, and 75.5% were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Vaccinated individuals had a 33% lower odds of intra-hospital infections (OR = 0.67, 95%CI:0.46–0.98) and 40% lower in-hospital death (HR = 0.60, 95%CI:0.39–0.94), also after adjusting for potential confounders, while no significant results emerged about infections at hospital admission. Considering the hospitalization’s endpoints, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was associated with a lower probability of being transferred to long-term care or other hospital departments than returning home (OR = 0.63, 95%CI:0.40–0.99).
Conclusions.
In older inpatients, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination may reduce the risk of intra-hospital infectious diseases not caused by SARS-CoV-2 and all-cause in-hospital mortality. The vaccination coverage in the older population could limit not only the onset and severity of COVID-19 but also the occurrence of other infectious diseases.
Chirality-governed Clusteroluminescence in Polypeptides
Authors: Chen Chongyi , Zhao Wangtao , Liu Yali , Gao Mei , Kong Liufen , Yu Shunfeng , Zhao Chuanzhuang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Fluorescent protein-mimics are highly desired for the applications in biomedical fields. In this work, the clusteroluminescence of polypeptides in bulk and solution state was observed and the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of polypeptides can be modulated by the chirality of amino acid residues. Polyglutamates with different optical rotations were synthesized and the racemic polypeptides exhibited a significantly higher PL intensity than the enantiopure ones. This emission is originated from the n-π* transition between C=O groups of polypeptides and enhanced by clusterization of polypeptides. CD and FTIR spectra demonstrated that the enantiopure and racemic polypeptides form α-helix and random coil structures, respectively. The random coils can form chain entanglements and interchain interaction easily because of its high flexibility, leading to the more clusterizations and stronger PL intensity. The rigidity of helical structures restrains the chain entanglements and the formation of intrachain hydrogen bonds between amide groups of backbone impairs the interchain interaction between polypeptides, resulting in lower PL intensity. The PL intensity of polypeptides can also be manipulated by the addition of urea or trifluoroacetic acid. Our study not only elucidate the chirality-based structure-property relationship of clusteroluminescence in peptide-based polymers, but also offers implications for the rational design of fluorecent peptides/proteins.
Efficient Event-Based Robotic Grasping Perception using Hyperdimensional Computing
Authors: Hassan Eman , Zou Zhuowen , Chen Hanning , Imani Mohsen , Zweiri Yahaya , Saleh Hani , Mohammad Baker 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Grasping is Fundamental in various robotic applications, particularly within industrial contexts. Accurate inference of object properties is a crucial step toward enhancing grasping quality. Dynamic and Active Vision Sensors (DAVIS), increasingly utilized for robotic grasping, offer superior energy efficiency, lower latency, and higher temporal resolution than traditional cameras. However, the data they generate can be complex and noisy, necessitating substantial pre-processing. In response to these challenges, we introduce GraspHD, an innovative end-to-end algorithm that leverages brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing (HDC) to learn about the size and hardness of objects and estimate the grasping force. This novel approach circumvents the need for resource-intensive pre-processing steps, capitalizing on the simplicity and inherent parallelism of HDC operations. Our comprehensive analysis reveals that GraspHD surpasses state-of-the-art approaches in terms of overall classification accuracy. We have also implemented GraspHD on an FPGA to evaluate system efficiency. The results demonstrate that GraspHD operates at a speed 10x faster and offers an energy efficiency 26 times higher than existing learning algorithms, all while maintaining robust performance in noisy environments. These findings underscore the significant potential of GraspHD as a more efficient and effective solution for real-time robotic grasping applications.