bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A numerical study of palatal snoring
Authors: Korkut Talha Batuhan , Rachid Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the upper airway (oral and/or nasal) with different inhalation speeds and obstruction depths to generate remarkable notes on palatal snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Another important aspect is to study different soft palate biomechanical properties and their relationships with different physical parameters on palatal snoring and OSA.

Methods
The human upper-airway is modelled in 2D, and a cantilever plate model principle is adopted for the soft palate during fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations. Various scenarios are investigated under different inhalation speeds to characterize palatal snoring and OSA in terms of relevant physical parameters.

Results
The parameters most prone for palatal snoring and OSA are obtained for soft material, the highest obstruction depth, and oral inhalation. Also, it is shown that the biomechanical properties of the human upper airway are the most sensitive parameters affecting the dynamics of the soft palate.

Conclusions
The numerical modeling approach presented allows a better understanding of palatal snoring and may be useful for confirming clinical results as well as for further design of new treatments and therapies.
Serum hepcidin levels in chronic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sharma Ruchi , Zhao Weidan , Zafar Yousaf , Murali Arvind R. , Brown Kyle E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Dysregulation of hepcidin-iron axis is presumed to account for abnormal iron status in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Our aim is to determine the effect of specific etiologies of CLD and of cirrhosis on serum hepcidin levels.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science were searched for studies comparing serum hepcidin levels in patients with CLD to that in controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Guidelines. Statistical analysis was carried out with STATA using random effects model to calculate the mean difference (MD) between two groups.

Results
Hepcidin levels were significantly lower in subjects with hepatitis C virus (16 studies) [MD −1.6 (95 % CI: −2.66 to −0.54), p<0.01] and alcoholic liver disease (3 studies) [MD −0.84 (95 % CI: −1.6 to −0.07), p=0.03] than controls. Serum hepcidin was significantly higher in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (12 studies) [MD 0.62 (95 % CI: 0.21 to 1.03), p<0.01], but did not differ in subjects with hepatitis B and controls (eight studies) [MD −0.65 (95 % CI: −1.47 to 0.16), p=0.12]. Hepcidin levels were significantly lower in patients with cirrhosis of any etiology (four studies) [MD −1.02 (CI: −1.59 to −0.45), p<0.01] vs. controls (CI: confidence interval).

Conclusions
Serum hepcidin levels are altered in common forms of CLD albeit not in a consistent direction. Additional study is needed to determine how changes in hepcidin levels are related to dysregulation of iron metabolism in CLD.
Translator Trainees’ Performance on Arabic–English Promotional Materials
Authors: Qassem Mutahar , Sahari Yousef 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Due to linguistic and cultural variations between the source language (SL) and the target language (TL), the tourism industry may struggle to communicate effectively with tourists from various linguistic and cultural backgrounds. The translation industry could contribute significantly to the growth of the tourism industry by removing linguistic and cultural barriers, facing those with different cultural and language backgrounds. Given this issue, this study targets 27 postgraduates enrolled in translation training programs at Saudi universities with an average age of M = 27.471 (SD = 4.8319) and examine their performance on inverse translation (Arabic to English). The authors use a translation task, a tourism-based knowledge questionnaire, and a scale of difficulty to gather the data. Findings reveal shortcomings in the postgraduates’ translation of the promotional translation material and adherence to the source text style. The participants’ responses to the questionnaire show a lack of know-what and know-how in tourism translation. Training in tourism translation and the design of tourism translation courses should be based on the interdisciplinary nature of the field in order to adequately prepare translator trainees for the tourism translation industry.
Handling imbalanced data in supervised machine learning for lithological mapping using remote sensing and airborne geophysical data
Authors: Nugroho Hary , Wikantika Ketut , Bijaksana Satria , Saepuloh Asep 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With balanced training sample (TS) data, learning algorithms offer good results in lithology classification. Meanwhile, unprecedented lithological mapping in remote places is predicted to be difficult, resulting in limited and unbalanced samples. To address this issue, we can use a variety of techniques, including ensemble learning (such as random forest [RF]), over/undersampling, class weight tuning, and hybrid approaches. This work investigates and analyses many strategies for dealing with imbalanced data in lithological classification based on RF algorithms with limited drill log samples using remote sensing and airborne geophysical data. The research was carried out at Komopa, Paniai District, Papua Province, Indonesia. The class weight tuning, oversampling, and balance class weight procedures were used, with TSs ranging from 25 to 500. The oversampling approach outperformed the class weight tuning and balance class weight procedures in general, with the following metric values: 0.70–0.80 (testing accuracy), 0.43–0.56 (F1 score), and 0.32–0.59 (Kappa score). The visual comparison also revealed that the oversampling strategy gave the most reliable classifications: if the imbalance ratio is proportionate to the coverage area in each lithology class, the classifier capability is optimal.
The 2-Class Group of Certain Families of Imaginary Triquadratic Fields
Authors: Chems-Eddin Mohamed Mahmoud , El Fadil Lhoussain 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Our goal in this paper is to compute the 2-rank of the class group of the fields

K
=
ℚ

(

−
2

,

q

,

d

)

\[\mathbb{K}=\mathbb{Q}\left( \sqrt{-2},\sqrt{q},\sqrt{d} \right)\]

for any odd positive squarefree integer d and any prime integer q ≡ 5 (mod 8). Furthermore, we give the list of these fields whose 2-class groups are trivial, cyclic, of type (2, 2), (2, 4) or (2, 2, 2).
On Index and Monogenity of Certain Number Fields Defined by Trinomials
Authors: El Fadil Lhoussain 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Let K be a number field generated by a root θ of a monic irreducible trinomial

F

(
x
)

=

x
n

+
a

x
m

+
b
∈
ℤ

[
x
]

. In this paper, we study the problem of monogenity of K. More precisely, we provide some explicit conditions on a, b, n, and m for which K is not monogenic. As applications, we show that there are infinite families of non-monogenic number fields defined by trinomials of degree n = 2
r
· 3
k
with r and k two positive integers. We also give infinite families of non-monogenic sextic number fields defined by trinomials. Some illustrating examples are giving at the end of this paper.
An Elliptic Type Inclusion Problem on the Heisenberg Lie Group
Authors: Razani Abdolrahman , Safari Farzaneh 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Here, the solvability of the following inclusion elliptic problem

−

Δ

H
n

,
p

u
∈
F
(
ξ
,
u
)

in

Ω
,

u
=
0

on

∂
Ω
,

$$\left\{ \begin{array}{lll} -\Delta _{\mathbb{H}^n, p}u\in \mathcal{F}(\xi, u)& \text{in} \ \Omega, \\ u=0 & \text{on} \ \partial \Omega, \end{array} \right.$$

is proved, via variational technique, where Ω is a Korányi ball in the Heisenberg Lie group ℍn and 𝓕: Ω × ℝ → 𝒫(ℝ) is a real set-valued mapping.
The Unit-Gompertz Quantile Regression Model for the Bounded Responses
Authors: Mazucheli Josmar , Alves Bruna , Korkmaz Mustafa Ç. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a regression model for the continuous responses bounded to the unit interval which is based on the unit-Gompertz distribution as an alternative to quantile regression models based on the unit-Birnbaum-Saunders, unit-Weibull, L-Logistic, Kumaraswamy and Johnson SB distributions. Re-parameterizing the unit-Gompertz distribution as a function of its quantile allows us to model the effect of covariates across the entire response distribution, rather than only at the mean. Our proposal sometimes outperforms the other distributions available in the literature. These discoveries are provided by Monte Carlo simulations and one application using a real data set. An R package, including parameter estimation, model checking as well as density, cumulative distribution, quantile and random number generating functions of the unit-Gompertz distribution are developed and can be readily used in applications.
Modeling Bivariate Data Using Linear Exponential and Weibull Distributions as Marginals
Authors: Arshad Mohd , Pathak Ashok Kumar , Azhad Qazi J. , Khetan Mukti 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Modeling bivariate data with different marginals is an important problem and have numerous applications in diverse disciplines. This paper introduces a new family of bivariate generalized linear exponential Weibull distribution having generalized linear and exponentiated Weibull distributions as marginals. Some important quantities like conditional distributions, conditional moments, product moments and bivariate quantile functions are derived. Concepts of reliability and measures of dependence are also discussed. The methods of maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation are considered to estimate model parameters. Monte Carlo simulation experiments are performed to demonstrate the performance of the estimators. Finally, a real data application is also discussed to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed distribution in real-life situations.
Der „Flairneur“ und sein Gegenüber: Über den genussvollen Umgang mit migrationsbezogener Diversität im urbanen Raum
Authors: Hüttermann Jörg 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDie von Steven Vertovec angeregte Erforschung migrationsbezogener Diversität in urbanen Räumen hat es mit zwei Herausforderungen zu tun: Zum einen mit der Schwierigkeit, angesichts der behaupteten Kontinuitätsbrüche der weltgesellschaftlichen Migration neue Formen der urbanen Diversitätsbewältigung nachzuweisen; zum andern mit der Frage, wie Struktur und Handlung, Makro und Mikro, soziale Schichtung und lebensweltliche Diversitätsbewältigung aufeinander einwirken. Angesichts dieser beiden Herausforderungen schlägt der Autor vor, dass die ethnographisch ansetzende urbane Diversitätsforschung einen konsequent von Sozialfiguren und ihrer Figuration ausgehende Theoriebildung betreiben sollte. Um die Tür zu einem solchen Forschungsprogramm zu öffnen und um das Potenzial dieses Lösungswegs zu veranschaulichen, legt der Autor eine an den Forschungsstil der Grounded Theory angelehnte empirisch generierte Theorie urbaner Diversitätsbewältigung vor, die von der sozialen Figur des „Flairneurs“ ausgeht. Seine Analyse basiert auf Daten, die durch teilnehmende Beobachtungen, Gruppen- und Experteninterviews sowie problemzentrierte Interviews, aber auch durch statistische Erhebungen generiert und im Rahmen einer komparativen Städtestudie erhoben wurden.
Was ist Dein Replicandum?
Authors: Esser Hartmut , Seuring Julian 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag entgegnet der Kritik und Replikation der Studie von Esser und Seuring (2020) zu den Effekten der Stringenz der Leistungsdifferenzierung in den deutschen Bundesländern bei Heisig und Matthewes (2022). Es wird gezeigt wie Modifikationen bei Analysezielen und Analysestrategien gegen die theoretische Grundlage des Originalansatzes die Befunde verändern und zu unterschiedlichen Folgerungen über die Effekte führen können. Das wird an drei Punkten besonders deutlich: 1) Die Annahme einer Äquivalenz von kognitiven Fähigkeiten und schulischen Leistungen und den damit verbundenen Problemen bei den Analysen, 2) die Änderung des zentralen empirischen Estimandums: die im theoretischen Modell implizierte Dreifach-Interaktion von Stringenz, kognitivem Niveau und kognitiver Homogenität, und 3) die Anwendung eines spezifischen Vorgehens bei der Aggregation der Indikatoren für die Klassenkomposition. Re-Analysen zeigen, dass unter Beibehaltung des zentralen Estimandums auch die vorgeschlagenen Modifikationen kaum etwas an den Kernbefunden ändern. Dies untermauert zum einen die Robustheit der Befunde des Originalbeitrags und verdeutlicht zum anderen die Notwendigkeit auch bei Replikationen die ursprünglichen Analyseziele und theoretischen Hintergründe zu berücksichtigen. Ausführlichere Antworten auch zu den weiteren Einwänden sowie die Re-Analyse finden sich in einem Online-Anhang zu diesem Beitrag.
Die intergenerationale Transmission von Scheidung im zeitlichen Wandel. Eine Meta-Analyse mit gepoolten Originaldaten
Authors: Schulz Sonja 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDiese Studie analysiert anhand einer Datenkumulation von mehr als 37.000 Erstehen aus verschiedenen deutschen Umfrageprogrammen, ob sich die intergenerationale Transmission von Scheidung in Ost- und Westdeutschland im Kohortenvergleich gewandelt hat. Die Studie ist in der Lage, frühere Ergebnisse zur Scheidungstransmission über verschiedene deutsche Datenquellen hinweg zu replizieren. In Bezug auf zeitliche Veränderungen sprechen die Ergebnisse jedoch hauptsächlich für eine Stabilität der Scheidungstransmission in Ost- und Westdeutschland. Dieser Befund ändert sich nicht, wenn man für das relative Heiratsalter kontrolliert und berücksichtigt, dass Scheidungskinder möglicherweise zunehmend dazu neigen, andere Lebensformen anstelle der Ehe zu wählen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie werden im Hinblick auf verschiedene theoretische Argumente für Veränderungen in der Scheidungstransmission diskutiert.
Zeolite-Like Warm-Mix Asphalt Additive: Dosage Optimization Based on Asphalt Binder Characterization
Authors: Mattaparthi Sri Gangadhar , Vootkuri Nikitha , Biligiri Krishna Prapoorna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The major objective of this research was to augment the temperature reduction characteristics of the recently developed sodium aluminate tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide montmorillonite (STEAM) warm-mix asphalt (WMA) additive by optimizing 8 dosages of 20 STEAM variants mixed with one viscosity graded-30 base asphalt binder. As the first step in the optimization process, a series of molar combinations of sodium aluminate and tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide were blended with constant concentrations of weights of montmorillonite (MMT) and water. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy test was performed on all the 20 STEAM variants to derive the hydroxyl functional groups and understand if they have potential in reducing the mixing and compaction temperatures of the STEAM-modified asphalt binder. The FTIR results indeed indicated that hydroxyl bonds increased with increasing MMT content, as a consequence of MMT releasing itself when mixed with the base asphalt binder. Next, the STEAM additives were mixed with the base binder at 8 dosages with 2 molar ratios covering 20 STEAM-modified asphalt binders on which penetration, softening point, and rotational viscosity tests were performed mainly to establish the ASTM Ai-VTSi relationships. Depending on the combination of molar ratio and dosages, the STEAM-modified asphalt binders demonstrated a decrease of about 3°C–8°C of mixing and compaction temperatures. Furthermore, the STEAM additive that exhibited highest reduction in mixing temperature was blended with dense-graded aggregate gradation to produce a STEAM-modified asphalt mix, which reduced the production temperature by 10°C based on the equivalent mixture performance criterion while also demonstrating stiffness performance similar to that of a control mix. Overall, the optimized indigenous STEAM WMA additives proved to be water-containing, zeolite-like products that have immense capacity in minimizing the working temperatures, albeit further studies should focus on tapping the full potentiality of several STEAM combinations to render the products as globally acceptable “green” paving materials.
Deconvoluting gene and environment interactions to develop an “epigenetic score meter” of disease
Authors: Butera Alessio , Smirnova Lena , Ferrando‐May Elisa , Hartung Thomas , Brunner Thomas , Leist Marcel , Amelio Ivano 
Published: August 2023

Human health is determined both by genetics (G) and environment (E). This is clearly illustrated in groups of individuals who are exposed to the same environmental factor showing differential responses. A quantitative measure of the gene–environment interactions (GxE) effects has not been developed and in some instances, a clear consensus on the concept has not even been reached; for example, whether cancer is predominantly emerging from “bad luck” or “bad lifestyle” is still debated. In this article, we provide a panel of examples of GxE interaction as drivers of pathogenesis. We highlight how epigenetic regulations can represent a common connecting aspect of the molecular bases. Our argument converges on the concept that the GxE is recorded in the cellular epigenome, which might represent the key to deconvolute these multidimensional intricated layers of regulation. Developing a key to decode this epigenetic information would provide quantitative measures of disease risk. Analogously to the epigenetic clock introduced to estimate biological age, we provocatively propose the theoretical concept of an “epigenetic score‐meter” to estimate disease risk.
Characterization of phosphate wastes of Djebel Onk mining complex for a sustainable environmental management
Authors: Salhi Rachid , Nettour Djamel , Chettibi Mohamed , Gherbi Cherif , Benselhoub Aissa , Bellucci Stefano 
Published: August 2023

The objects of the research are phosphate ore rejections – industrial waste resulting from the treatment of phosphate ore by different processes (particle size separation, calcination, physicochemical process, electrostatically process, etc.). These discharges are generally stored in specially constructed sedimentation ponds. However, its storage for a long period leads to serious environmental problems because they contain heavy and radioactive metals that affect nearby communities. They contaminate groundwater and surface water through the infiltration of caustic solution laden with rare metals. To remedy these environmental disasters and manage these concerns, it is necessary to upgrade the discharges from the Djebel Onk complex and give an added value to the national economy. The start-up of the Djebel El Onk phosphate complex, in the province of Tebessa was in 1965, since that date, all the waste resulting from the beneficiation process has been dumped in the valley adjacent to the complex without any treatment or recycling, it should be noted that the Djebel Onk phosphate complex generates huge quantities of phosphate sludge (more than 4000 tons per day). This waste is relatively rich in useful substance. The results of chemical analyzes reveal that these sludge’s contain around 20.2 % of phosphate (P2O5) with the presence of different heavy metals such as Uranium, Cadmium, Zinc, Copper, and Arsenic etc. Those metals threaten life of local residents and affects vegetation, livestock in nearby populated areas. However, this work systematically reviews the mineralogical and chemical characterization of the phosphate sludge rejected by the Djebel Onk treatment complex to develop a suitable method for their revaluation. In our work, in this viable environmental perspective, we try to highlight the use of wastes as an alternative raw material in building materials. The impact of heavy metals on the environment and health is determined by the chemical species, concentration, bioavailability and transport through food chains, unless they are released into nature due to the consequences harm they create. Certain elements, such as mercury, lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, etc., have no function in maintaining body balance and are immediately dangerous.
Development of assessment and forecasting techniques using fuzzy cognitive maps
Authors: Shyshatskyi Andrii , Sova Oleg , Stasiuk Tetiana , Andronov Vitalii , Nalapko Oleksii , Protas Nadiia , Pris Gennady , Lazuta Roman , Kovalenko Illia , Kovalchuk Bohdan 
Published: August 2023

Nowadays, no state in the world is able to work on the creation and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in isolation from others. AI technologies are used to solve general and highly specialized tasks in various spheres of society. In the process of assessing (identifying) the state of complex objects and objects of management analysis, there is a high degree of a priori uncertainty regarding their state and a small amount of initial data describing them. At the same time, despite the huge amount of information, the degree of non-linearity, illogicality and noisy data is increasing. That is why the issue of improving the efficiency of assessing the condition of components and objects is an important issue. Thus, the objects of analysis were chosen as the research object. The subject of research is the identification and forecasting of the analysis object.
In the research, the evaluation and forecasting method was developed using fuzzy cognitive maps. The features of the proposed method are:
‒ taking into account the degree of uncertainty about the object state while calculating the correction factor;
‒ adding a correction factor for data noise as a result of distortion of information about the object state;
‒ reduction of computing costs while assessing the object state;
‒ creation of a multi-level and interconnected description of hierarchical objects;
‒ correction of the description of the object as a result of a change in its current state using a genetic algorithm;
‒ the possibility of performing calculations with source data that are different in nature and units of measurement.
It is advisable to implement the proposed method in specialized software, which is used to analyze the state of complex technical systems and while making decisions.