bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower sertraline plasma concentration in patients co‐medicated with clozapine—Implications for pharmacological augmentation strategies in schizophrenia
Authors: Gaebler Arnim Johannes , Haen Ekkehard , Omar Nagia Ben , Endres Katharina , Hiemke Christoph , Schoretsanitis Georgios , Paulzen Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAugmentation of antipsychotic treatment with antidepressants represents a common and beneficial treatment strategy in patients suffering from schizophrenia. Combining clozapine and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) sertraline represents a clinically important strategy in patients with therapy‐resistant schizophrenia, but there is limited knowledge about mutual pharmacokinetic interactions. In the present study, we assessed the impact of clozapine on sertraline plasma concentrations. Based on a therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) database, sertraline plasma concentrations were compared between two groups: patients receiving a combined treatment with sertraline and clozapine (N = 15) and a matched control group receiving sertraline but no clozapine (N = 17). Group differences with respect to raw and dose‐adjusted concentrations were assessed using nonparametric tests. Comedication with clozapine was associated with 67% lower median sertraline plasma concentrations (16 vs. 48 ng/mL; p = .022) and 28% lower median dose‐adjusted plasma concentrations (C/D; 0.21 vs. 0.29 (ng/mL)/(mg/day); p = .049) as compared to the control group. Scatter plots revealed a complex relationship between the dosage of clozapine and dose‐adjusted sertraline concentrations composed of an initial decrease at clozapine doses below 300 mg, an increase between 300 and 600 mg and a final decrease at 800 mg which was best modeled by a third order polynomial term. Cotreatment with clozapine may lead to reduced sertraline plasma concentrations which may be explained by clozapine‐induced gastrointestinal hypo‐mobility already present at low doses and cytochrome P450 3A4 inducing properties at high clozapine doses. For this drug combination, clinicians should consider TDM to confirm therapeutically effective plasma concentrations of sertraline.
Modelling the factors affecting the spatiotemporal distribution of cabbage stem flea beetle (Psylliodes chrysocephala) larvae in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in the UK
Authors: Ortega‐Ramos Patricia A , Mauchline Alice L , Metcalfe Helen , Cook Samantha M , Girling Robbie D , Collins Larissa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCabbage stem flea beetle (CSFB; Psylliodes chrysocephala L.) management in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) has become an urgent issue in the absence of permitted and effective insecticides. Understanding the meteorological and management factors affecting their population dynamics has become critical to the development of pest management strategies.RESULTSThe spatio‐temporal changes in CSFB larval populations were assessed both in autumn and spring, in the UK from 2003 to 2017 (a period encompassing pre‐and post‐neonicotinoid insecticide restriction). After the neonicotinoid ban in 2013, the number of larvae both in autumn and spring increased 10‐fold in the UK. When neonicotinoids were available, later sown crops contained fewer larvae than early sown crops, and bigger fields had fewer larvae than smaller fields, whereas after the ban, bigger fields tended to have more larvae than smaller fields. Wet and mild/hot Septembers were related with higher numbers of larvae when neonicotinoids were available and with lower larval numbers after the neonicotinoid ban. Low temperatures in December and January combined with high rainfall were related with high numbers of larvae in spring both before and after the neonicotinoid ban.CONCLUSIONThis study will help to produce decision support systems that allow future predictions of regional CSFB population changes and will help growers and consultants to adjust their management methods to reduce the risk of high infestations. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Reliability analysis of mechanisms with mixed uncertainties using polynomial chaos expansion
Authors: Fang Yi‐Chuan , Wang Yong‐Juan , Sha Jin‐Long , Gu Tong‐Guang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn order to quantify the effect of mixed uncertainties on the reliability of mechanisms, this paper proposes a method for analyzing the reliability of mechanisms with mixed uncertainties using polynomial chaos expansion. Based on the performance margin theory, a mechanism reliability model considering mixed uncertainties is developed, and the Sobol indices can be easily calculated by an arbitrarily polynomial chaos expansion (aPCE) of the reliability function to quantify the independent contribution of each parameter to the global sensitivity and the effect of parameter coupling. Additionally, this paper also introduces a mixed uncertainties propagation method based on PCE, which treats cognitive uncertainties as fuzzy variables, converts the fuzzy variable into an interval variable using cut set theory, and transforms the PCE containing interval uncertainties into a Bernstein polynomial to calculate the membership function of the output quantity and the non‐probabilistic reliability index by area method. The final case study of a simplified automaton motion mechanism illustrates that the proposed method is effective and convincing, and the mechanism reliability decreases with increasing mixed uncertainties. The mechanism reliability index considering mixed uncertainties will give a more conservative reliability estimation.
Performance evaluation of iterative learning control with different sliding mode algorithms for the slip‐ratio control of an electric vehicle
Authors: Dimna Denny C. , Ramesh Kumar P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeveloping a control strategy that can handle model uncertainties, external disturbances, and parameter fluctuations is essential for the desired operation of a nonlinear system. An attempt is made to develop such a control algorithm using the Learning Variable Structure Control technique. The proposed controllers have the advantages of both iterative learning control (ILC) and sliding mode control (SMC) such that they can compensate both structured and unstructured uncertainties. They are made comprised of modified‐twisting algorithm and super‐twisting algorithm respectively with the ILC technique. In this article, the performance of the two developed controllers is compared to a traditional SMC‐based ILC approach. Based on simulation results, the super‐twisting algorithm based ILC is found to be superior with reference to speed of convergence and tracking accuracy. This method is used to control the slip‐ratio of an electric vehicle as a specific application in this paper.
Dual Active Sites of Oversaturated Fe‐N5 and Fe2O3 Nanoparticles for Accelerating Redox Kinetics of Polysulfides
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Zhang Youquan , Ma Li , Ma Cheng , Zhang Chunxiao , Chen Yuejiao , Chen Libao , Zhou Liangjun , Wei Weifeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe shuttling effect and sluggish reaction kinetics are the main bottlenecks for the commercial viability of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Metal‐nitrogen‐carbon single atom catalysts have attracted much attention to overcoming these obstacles due to their novel electrocatalytic activity. Herein, a novel cooperative catalytic interface with dual active sites (oversaturated Fe‐N5 and polar Fe2O3 nanocrystals) are co‐embedded in nitrogen‐doped hollow carbon spheres (Fe2O3/Fe‐SA@NC) is designed by fine atomic regulation mechanism. Both experimental verifications and theoretical calculations disclose that the dual active sites (Fe‐N5 and Fe2O3) in this catalyst (Fe2O3/Fe‐SA@NC) tend to form “FeS” and “LiN/O” bond, synchronically enhancing chemical adsorption and interface conversion ability of polysulfides, respectively. Specially, the Fe‐N5 coordination with 3D configuration and sulfiphilic superfine Fe2O3 nanocrystals exhibit the strong adsorption ability to facilitate the subsequent conversion reaction at dual‐sites. Meanwhile, the nitrogen‐doped hollow carbon spheres can promote Li+/electron transfer and physically suppress polysulfides shuttling. Consequently, Li–S battery with the Fe2O3/Fe‐SA@NC‐modified separator exhibits a high capacity retention of 78% after 800 cycles at 1 C (pure S cathode, S content: 70 wt.%). Furthermore, the pouch cell with this separator shows good performance at 0.1 C for practical application (S loading: 4 mg cm−2).
Chloride Adsorbates Enhance the Photocarrier Separation and Promote the Bio‐Syngas Evolution
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Jia Fuao , Kong Fanhao , Wang Min 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhotocarrier separation and migration to the surface are vital for photocatalysis. However, the mobility of the surface holes and electrons makes them easily recombine before participating in the surface reaction, which constrains the photocatalytic efficiency. Targeting this problem, herein, it is reported that chloride adsorbates enhance the photocarrier separation and promote the bio‐syngas evolution. Chloride, adsorbed on the surface of CdS (CdS‐Cl), can increase the internal electric field and enhance the charge separation and migration to the surface. Moreover, compared with pristine CdS where holes are mobile and distributed on all the surface atoms, CdSCl can reduce the hole mobility via delocalization on specific sites and thus prolong the photocarrier lifetime. This contributes to an 11‐fold enhanced photocatalytic syngas evolution from glycerol. This study reports the pivotal effect of surface adsorbates on photocarrier separation and offers a convenient strategy to prohibit surface holes and electrons recombination for solar energy utilization.Chloride absorbates on CdS contribute to enhanced photocatalytic syngas evolution from glycerol by increasing the internal electric field.
Recent developments in artificial spider silk and functional gel fibers
Authors: Khan Abdul Qadeer , Shafiq Muhammad , Li Jiatian , Yu Kaiqing , Liu Zunfeng , Zhou Xiang , Zhu Meifang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is highly desirable to develop fiber materials with high strength and toughness while increasing fiber strength always results in a decrease in toughness. Spider silk is a natural fiber material with an excellent combination of high strength and toughness, which is produced from the spinning dope solution by gelation and drawing spinning process. This encourages people to prepare artificial fibers by mimicking the material, structure, and spinning of natural spider silk. In this review, we first summarized the preparation of artificial spider silk prepared via such a gelation process from different types of materials, including nonrecombinant proteins, recombinant proteins, polypeptides, synthetic polymers, and polymer nanocomposites. In addition, different spinning approaches for spinning artificial spider silk are also summarized. In the third section, some novel application scenarios of the artificial spider silk were summarized, such as artificial muscles, sensing, and smart fibers.
One‐Dimensional π‐d Conjugated Coordination Polymer Intercalated MXene Compound for High‐Performance Supercapacitor Electrode
Authors: Kim Jin , Ryu Ji Hyung , Jang Moonjeong , Park Seungyoung , Kim Minsu , Lee Kyo Haeng , Choi Seohyun , Yoon Yeoheung , Jung Ha‐Kyun , Lee Sun Sook , An Ki‐Seok 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMXenes possess the characteristics required for high‐performance supercapacitors, such as high metallic conductivity and electrochemical activity, but their full potential remains unrealized owing to their tendency to self‐restack when fabricated into an electrode. Designing an MXene interlayer with an effective intercalant has, therefore, become an important criterion to alleviate the restacking issue while also synergistically interact with MXene to further improve its electrochemical activity. This study reports the intercalation of 1D π‐d conjugated coordination polymer (Ni‐BTA) within the Ti3C2Tx nanosheet for the fabrication of a highly efficient supercapacitor electrode. Ni‐BTA, which consists of a nickel center and 1,2,4,5‐benzenetetramine (BTA) organic chain, is uniformly intercalated by direct synthesis on the abundant oxygen terminals on the Ti3C2Tx nanosheet surface. The intercalated Ni‐BTA acts as an effective charge carrier transportation pathway through its 1D stretched delocalized π‐d electrons while participating in pseudocapacitive activity with the Ni centers. As a result, the Ni‐BTA/MXene film exhibits excellent rate performance and a gravimetric specific capacitance of 264.4 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1. This magnitude is retained up to 94.6% after 10 000 cycles. The present study provides insights into the design of MXene interlayers for the fabrication of highly robust and stable supercapacitors.
The decision is in the details: Justifying decisions about socioscientific issues
Authors: Bader Jordan D. , Ahearn Kelsey A. , Allen Beverly A. , Anand Diya M. , Coppens Andrew D. , Aikens Melissa L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractControversial scientific issues, or socioscientific issues (SSIs), demand the consideration of more than scientific content when constructing decisions. The Justification for Knowing framework (JFK) was developed to categorize the information sources drawn upon when making SSI decisions within the academic domain of natural sciences. These information sources stem from personal sources (JPS), authoritative sources (JAS), or multiple sources (JMS). However, these sources may not explain the array of knowledge claims reflected upon during SSI decision making. This qualitative study aims to explore each JFK belief dimension across two SSIs and asks how contextual features are contributing to the selection of these beliefs. College students (N = 199) from various disciplines at a research‐intensive public institution responded to a modified Decision‐Making Questionnaire consisting of two SSI context scenarios. Participants responded to open‐ended prompts asking them if they support the proposed SSI decision and to explain their decision. Through two rounds of thematic coding, we found several subdimensions of JAS and found how students are utilizing JPS. Although the frequency of these broad sources did not differ between contexts, we saw differences within the types of sources reflected upon within each context. We also found that SSI context may ignite specific identity commitments that operate as a vehicle to the selection of knowledge sources when an individual is supporting their SSI decisions. The results of this study provide insight into specific information sources students rely upon when justifying their knowledge. Furthermore, this work emphasizes how identity commitments may be contributing to the selection of these information sources during SSI decision‐making tasks.
Plant and mule deer responses to pinyon‐juniper removal by three mechanical methods
Authors: Johnston Danielle Bilyeu , Anderson Charles R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLand managers in western North America often reverse succession by removing pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) trees to reduce fire risk and increase forage for wildlife and livestock. Because prescribed fire carries inherent risks, mechanical methods such as chaining, roller‐chopping, and mastication are often used. Mechanical methods differ in cost and the size of woody debris produced, and may differentially impact plant and animal responses. We implemented a randomized, complete‐block, split‐plot experiment in December 2011 in the Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado, USA, to compare mechanical methods and to explore seeding (subplot) interactions. We assessed vegetation 1‐, 2‐, 5‐, and 6‐years post‐treatment, and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) response via GPS locations 3–8 years post‐treatment. By 2016, treated plots had 3–5 times higher perennial grass cover and ~10 times higher cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) cover than untreated control plots. Roller‐chopped plots had both the highest non‐native annual forb cover, and when seeded, the highest density of bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata), a nutritious shrub used by mule deer. Masticated plots had higher bitterbrush use during summer and fall, leaving less forage available for winter. Days of winter mule deer use from GPS point locations in chained and roller‐chopped plots was ~70% higher than in control plots, while winter use in masticated plots was similar to control plots. Mule deer use appears related to a combination of hiding cover, resulting from residual woody debris, and winter forage availability. Roller‐chopped plots provide the best combination of hiding cover and winter forage, but mastication or chaining, applied leaving dispersed security cover, may be better options at large scales or when invasive species concerns exist.
Existence of Solutions, Qualitative Properties and Examples
Authors: Velichkov Bozhidar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this section, we prove that local minimizers of the functional
$$\mathcal F_\Lambda $$

ℱ

Λ

do exist (Proposition 2.1) and we give several important examples of local minimizers that can be computed explicitly (Proposition 2.10, Lemmas 2.15 and 2.16).
Frame Analysis
Authors: Hamborg Felix 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter details the last component of person-oriented framing analysis: frame analysis. The component aims to classify how persons are portrayed in news articles. The chapter introduces and discusses two approaches for this task. First, it briefly presents an exploratory approach that aims to classify fine-grained categories of how persons are portrayed. Afterward, the chapter introduces the first method for target-dependent sentiment classification in the domain of news articles. The dataset and method enable sentiment classification in a domain that could not reliably be analyzed earlier. Lastly, the chapter argues for using the latter approach in the frame analysis component, in particular because of its high classification performance.
Suppression exponent for multiparticle production in λϕ4 theory
Authors: Demidov S. V. , Farkhtdinov B. R. , Levkov D. G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We compute the probability of producing n particles from few colliding particles in the unbroken (3 + 1)-dimensional λϕ4 theory. To this end we numerically implement semiclassical method of singular solutions which works at n ≫ 1 in the weakly coupled regime λ ≪ 1. For the first time, we obtain reliable results in the region of exceptionally large final-state multiplicities n ≫ λ−1 where the probability decreases exponentially with n, $$ \mathcal{P}\left(\textrm{few}\to n\right)\sim \exp \left\{{f}_{\infty}\left(\varepsilon \right)n\right\} $$
P

few
→
n

~
exp

f
∞

ε

n

, and its slope f∞ < 0 depends on the mean kinetic energy ε of produced particles. In the opposite case n ≪ λ−1 our data match well-known tree-level result, and they interpolate between the two limits at n ~ λ−1. Overall, this proves exponential suppression of the multiparticle production probability at n ≫ 1 and arbitrary ε in the unbroken theory. Using numerical solutions, we critically analyze the mechanism for multiple Higgs boson production suggested in the literature. Application of our technique to the scalar theory with spontaneously broken symmetry can eradicate (or confirm) it in the nearest future.
Infrared physics of the 3D SU(2) adjoint Higgs model at the crossover transition
Authors: Niemi Lauri , Rummukainen Kari , Seppä Riikka , Weir David J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study the crossover phase transition of the SU(2) Georgi-Glashow model in three dimensions. In this model, a confining condensate of topological ’t Hooft-Polyakov monopoles exists in the Higgs regime. We use lattice Monte Carlo simulations to study the monopole gas across a crossover transition, and demonstrate that gradient flow can be used to renormalize the otherwise divergent monopole number density. The condensation of the monopoles means that the theory admits also a massive photon-like excitation. We show that the renormalized monopole number density is approximately proportional to the square of the photon mass, in agreement with semiclassical results. Our results give insight into behaviour of the Higgs regime near crossover, which has boarder implications for beyond the Standard Model theories containing adjoint scalar fields.
Spectrum continuity and level repulsion: the Ising CFT from infinitesimal to finite ε
Authors: Henriksson Johan , Kousvos Stefanos R. , Reehorst Marten 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Using numerical conformal bootstrap technology we perform a non-perturbative study of the Ising CFT and its spectrum from infinitesimal to finite values of ε = 4 – d. Exploiting the recent navigator bootstrap method in conjunction with the extremal functional method, we test various qualitative and quantitative features of the ε-expansion. We follow the scaling dimensions of numerous operators from the perturbatively controlled regime to finite coupling. We do this for ℤ2-even operators up to spin 12 and for ℤ2-odd operators up to spin 6 and find a good matching with perturbation theory. In the finite coupling regime we observe two operators whose dimensions approach each other and then repel, a phenomenon known as level repulsion and which can be analyzed via operator mixing. Our work improves on previous studies in both increased precision and the number of operators studied, and is the first to observe level repulsion in the conformal bootstrap.
The reflected entanglement spectrum for free fermions
Authors: Dutta Souvik , Faulkner Thomas , Lin Simon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We consider the reflected entropy and the associated entanglement spectrum for free fermions reduced to two intervals in 1 + 1 dimensions. Working directly in the continuum theory the reflected entropy can be extracted from the spectrum of a singular integral equation whose kernel is determined by the known free fermion modular evolved correlation function. We find the spectrum numerically and analytically in certain limits. For intervals that almost touch the reflected entanglement spectrum approaches the spectrum of the thermal density matrix. This suggests that the reflected entanglement spectrum is well suited to the task of extracting physical data of the theory directly from the ground state wave function.
Schatten Classes and Commutators of Riesz Transform on Heisenberg Group and Applications
Authors: Fan Zhijie , Lacey Michael , Li Ji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study commutators with the Riesz transforms on the Heisenberg group $${\mathbb {H}}^{n}$$

H

n

. The Schatten norm of these commutators is characterized in terms of Besov norms of the symbol. This generalizes the classical Euclidean results of Peller, Janson–Wolff and Rochberg–Semmes. The method in proof bypasses the use of Fourier analysis, allowing us to address not just the Riesz transforms, but also the Cauchy–Szegő projection and second order Riesz transforms on $${\mathbb {H}}^{n}$$

H

n

among other settings.