bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival of fossil fields during the pre-main sequence evolution of intermediate-mass stars
Authors: Schleicher Dominik R. G. , Hidalgo Juan Pablo , Galli Daniele 
Published: September 2023

Context. Chemically peculiar Ap and Bp stars host strong large-scale magnetic fields in the range of 200 G up to 30 kG, which are often considered to be the origin of fossil magnetic fields.
Aims. We assess the evolution of such fossil fields during the star formation process and the pre-main sequence evolution of intermediate stars based on: fully convective models, models including a transition to a radiative protostar, and models with a radiative core. We also examine the implications of the interaction between the fossil field and the core dynamo.
Methods. We employed analytic and semi-analytic calculations, combined with current observational constraints.
Results. For fully convective models, we show that magnetic field decay via convection can be expected to be very efficient for realistic parameters of turbulent resistivities. Based on the observed magnetic field strength-density relation, as well as the expected amount of flux loss due to ambipolar diffusion, it appears unlikely that convection could be suppressed via strong enough magnetic fields. On the other hand, a transition from a convective to a radiative core could very naturally explain the survival of a significant amount of flux, along with the presence of a critical mass. We show that in some cases, the interaction of a fossil field with a core dynamo may further lead to changes in the surface magnetic field structure.
Conclusions. In the future, it will be important to understand in more detail how the accretion rate evolves as a function of time during the formation of intermediate-mass protostars, including its impact on the protostellar structure. The latter may even allow us to derive quantitative predictions concerning the expected population of large scale magnetic fields in radiative stars.
The Preservation of a Traumatically Amputated Limb Utilizing Crystalloid Cardioplegia Solution—A Case Report
Authors: Maurer William G. , Wilson Louie C. , Higgs William R. , Stone John E. , Gibson Thomas J. , Kuntz Rick A. 
Published: September 2023

This report describes a technique used to preserve a traumatically amputated arm of a twelveyear-old male.
Potassium cardioplegic solution was continuously perfused at 4°C via the brachial artery of the amputated limb. The perfusion was started approximately 40 minutes after the traumatic amputation occurred. Perfusion was discontinued prior to reattachment of the basilic, cephalic, and brachial vein and prior to reattachment of the brachial artery. Twenty-four hours post-operation, the limb was perfusing well and had excellent radial and ulner pulses and minimal edema. During the immediate postoperative period, the patient had excellent arterial flow and no evidence of venous obstruction. The patient is now five months postreplantation and demonstrates remarkable and early recovery of neuromuscular function.
In this case, the use of potassium cardioplegic solution provided excellent protection to the amputated limb until normal circulation could be reestablished.
An In-Vitro Evaluation of the Bio-Medicus Blood Pump
Authors: Massimino R. J. , Martin J. , Gough J.D. , Stearns G. T. 
Published: September 2023

The Bio-Medicus blood pump was evaluated for possible micro-emboli release and the flow/afterload relationship inherent in any load-sensitive device.
A standard extracorporeal circuit was primed with Plasmalyte A. Microemboli transducers with 7.5 MHz lithium niobate crystals were placed proximal and distal to the Bio-Medicus pump. In Phase I of the study, room air was injected proximally at varying pump flow rates with subsequent embolic activity recorded distally. In Phase II, pump afterload was increased to 750 mmHg in 50 mmHg increments while flow rate and RPM were recorded in the automatic modes.
Microemboli ranging from 32,000 to 280,000 counts/L. were recorded distally at all flow rates after injecting 0.5 cc. of room air. In the manual mode, flow decreased as afterload increased with no change in RPM. In the automatic mode, the flow rate remained constant with a subsequent 105% increase in RPM with a pump afterload of 650 mmHg.
Costs of purchase, maintenance, microbiological control, and reprocessing of a reusable duodenoscope
Authors: Thiveaud Dominique , Durand Fanny , Hajjar Joseph , Le Dinh Emma , Metz Vanessa , Napoleon Bertrand , Plessis Céline , Prat Frédéric , Vanbiervliet Geoffroy , Durand-Zaleski Isabelle , Ponchon Thierry 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims The costs of reusable endoscope reprocessing have been evaluated, yet external validity of the findings remains challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the costs of purchase, maintenance, microbiological control, and reprocessing of a reusable duodenoscope per endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in France. Study findings exclude the costs of infection, downtime due to breakdown, reprocessing single-use material disposal, and device disposal, all of which should also be considered.
Materials and methods The study encompassed both observational and theoretical approaches. Observational data were collected in four hospitals, from December 2019 to December 2020, with an ad hoc survey, based on 2016 and 2018 national guidelines for duodenoscope reprocessing. Costs were modeled, using the same guidelines, assuming a mean workload of 223 ERCP/duodenoscope/year.

Results The mean observed cost of purchase, maintenance, microbiological control, reprocessing (human resources and consumables), and overhead (additional 35%) with a reusable duodenoscope was €80.23 (standard deviation €3.77) per ERCP. The corresponding mean theoretical cost was €182.71 for manual reprocessing without endoscope drying cabinet (EDC), €191.36 for manual reprocessing with EDC, €235.25 for automated endoscope reprocessing (AER) without EDC, and €253.62 for AER with EDC.

Conclusions Because procedures, equipment, volume activity, number of duodenoscopes, human resources, and internal work organizations are hospital-dependent, observed costs varied between hospitals. Theoretical costs were higher than observed costs, showing that the theoretical approach is not sufficient. Hypotheses to explain the difference between the two approaches include failing to measure some costs in the survey and challenges in guideline implementation.
Serious Complications of the Percutaneous A1 Pulley Release: Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Lee Dong Chul , Lee Kyung Jin , Lee Hohyung , Koh Sung Hoon , Kim Jin Soo , Roh Si Young 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPercutaneous first annular pulley (A1 pulley) release, which has been increasingly used to treat trigger fingers, has been widely established as a safe and simple procedure. Multiple studies have reported positive results of percutaneous A1 pulley release. In this study, however, we report cases of patients who developed complications after undergoing percutaneous A1 pulley release at local clinics. A total of six patients visited our hospital for infectious complications after percutaneous A1 pulley release. Various sequelae such as damage to normal structures, insufficient procedure, and tissue necrosis were observed during the exploration. A retrospective study was conducted to identify the cause and trend of the observed complications by instruments (HAKI knife or needle). In the HAKI knife group, there was a tendency for damage to normal structures, while in the needle group, an insufficient release or serious soft tissue necrosis was observed. Based on these cases, our findings confirm the existence and characteristics of infectious complications following the percutaneous A1 pulley release. We further identify that the type of instrument used predicts the nature of complications. Thus, reliable and skilled performance of the procedure by experts is essential for safe treatment.
Electrocatalytic Synthesis of 1,2-Dioxolanes from Tetrasubstituted Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes
Authors: Oliver Gwyndaf A. , Kolb Simon , Werz Daniel B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn electrochemical method for the synthesis of 3,3,5,5-tetrasubstituted 1,2-dioxolanes from donor–acceptor cyclopropanes with quaternary donor positions is described. This catalyst-free strategy delivers radical cations after C(sp3)–C(sp3) cleavage by direct anodic oxidation of the strained carbocycle. A broad scope with regard to the cyclopropanes employed in the reaction is presented. Additionally, we propose a plausible mechanism for the reaction.
Exploring Differences in Screening and Enrollment Metrics in Orthopaedic Clinical Trials
Authors: Stiegel Laura , Visperas Anabelle , Piuzzi Nicolas S. , Klika Alison 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe success of any clinical trial relies heavily on patient recruitment and retention. The purpose of this study was to review screening and enrollment metrics for orthopaedic clinical trials, comparing different patient populations to determine common challenges to recruitment and differences in rates of enrollment. Screening logs and study trackers were manually reviewed for four clinical trials at a single academic institution and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and an observational study. Data extracted from these documents included the number of patients screened, number excluded and reasons for exclusion, number enrolled, number of withdrawn and reason. Of the four trials reviewed, the point-of-care diagnostic test had the highest number of patients excluded and the lowest patient refusal rate. Refusal rates were highest in the venous thromboembolism prophylaxis study and enrollment rates were the lowest in the RCT of drug treatments and the highest rate in the observational study. The success of the trial relies on the ability to recruit patients and factors need to be considered when recruiting participants including sample size requirements and inclusion and exclusion criteria. These data provide some insights into the patient recruitment experience at our institution with different patient populations and study types, highlighting key points to be aware of when planning for an orthopaedic clinical trial.
Palladium-Catalyzed Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Aryl-C-Glycosides from Arylboronic Acids and Glycal Enones Through 1,4-Conjugate Addition Reactions
Authors: Kandasamy Jeyakumar , Singh Adesh Kumar , Venkatesh Rapelly 
Published: September 2023

Abstract1,4-Conjugate addition of arylboronic acids to the glycal enones delivered 2-deoxy-α-aryl-C-glycosides in good yields. The reaction was catalyzed by palladium acetate in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline. A wide range of glycal enones derived from d-glucal, d-galactal, and d-rhamnal participated in the coupling reaction with different arylboronic acids smoothly. Different protecting groups including benzyl, acetyl, pivaloyl, and benzoyl were compatible under optimized conditions.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of N-Secondary Alkyl Indoles via Intermolecular Cyclization of N-Nitrosoanilines and Unsymmetrical Alkynes
Authors: Dong Yi , Xu Heng , Chang Yiting , Hou Tingting 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA Cp*Rh-catalyzed C–H functionalization/cyclization to afford 2,3-substituted N-secondary alkyl indole derivatives is described. This intermolecular cyclization of N-secondary nitrosoanilines and unsymmetrically substituted alkynes has good performances in yields, substrate scope, and regioselectivities.
Intermediate and Long-Term Outcomes of the Universal 2 Total Wrist Replacement
Authors: Truss Adam , Morris Geraint , Sawalha Seif , Waseem Mohammad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Arthritis of the wrist can lead to severe functionally debilitating pain which, after failed conservative measures, may require treatment with total wrist replacement (TWR). Various prosthetic designs, such as the Universal 2 implant, have been developed in attempts to combat the multitude of complications faced with replacing a complex and highly mobile joint. Having previously published short-term outcome results for the Universal 2 prosthesis, we now present the long-term survival data.
Materials and Methods 19 patients underwent 21 TWR using the Universal 2 prosthesis between September 2004 and March 2008. Outcome data were collected in the form of Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaires at short- (mean 4.8 years), intermediate- (mean 11.1 years), and long-term (mean 15.6 years) intervals. Nonparametric and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed.
Results At long-term follow-up, 7 out of the original 21 TWRs had required a revision or fusion procedure, or 7 out of 11 when excluding those lost to follow-up or who had died. At the intermediate follow-up, only one patient had required a revision procedure. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated a median survival of 12.9 years and a 10-year survival probability of 68.1%. There was a statistically significant improvement from preoperative PRWE at short-term (p = 0.001) and intermediate (p = 0.01) follow-ups. This was not seen at the long-term follow-up (p = 0.068). After an initial improvement in DASH score at short-term follow-up (p = 0.003), the intermediate and long-term DASH scores were not significantly different from preoperative.
Conclusion The Universal 2 poses a reasonable TWR implant choice for patients with debilitating arthritis. However, despite excellent short-term follow-up outcomes, longer term follow-up shows the design does continue to be plagued by implant failure and instability.
Discrepancies of Abstracts Presented in Coloproctology Congresses and Later Publish as Full Manuscripts. A Brazilian Perspective
Authors: Samartine Junior Hugo , Levy Nicole Goldenberg , Paiva Daniel Ferreira , Gracitelli Giovanna Bertazzola , Silva Lauro Igor , De Aquino José Luís Braga , Mendes Elisa Donalisio Teixeira 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this retrospective bibliometric study was to assess the discrepancies between coloproctology surgery meeting abstracts and subsequent full-length manuscript publications.
Methods Abstracts presented at the Brazilian Congress of Coloproctology Surgery from 2015 to 2019 were compared with matching manuscript publications. Discrepancies between the abstract and therefore the subsequent manuscript were categorized as major (changes within the purpose, methods, study design, sample size, statistical analysis, results, and conclusions) and minor (changes within the title, authorship, and number of female authors) variations.
Results The conversion rate of abstracts in published manuscripts was 6,9% (121 abstracts). There were inconsistencies between the study title (66,1%), authorship (69,5%), study design (3,3%), sample size (39,2%), statistical analysis (24,8%), results (25,6%), and conclusions (12,4%) of manuscripts compared with their corresponding meeting abstracts.
Conclusion As changes occur before manuscript publication of coloproctology surgery meeting abstracts, caution should be exercised in referencing abstracts or altering surgical practices based on abstracts content.
Predictors of Long-Term Healing for Endorectal Advancement Flap for Anorectal Fistulas
Authors: Muharrem Oner , Abbas Maher Aref 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Anorectal fistulas are some of the commonest surgical proctologic disorders treated by surgeons. Despite the recent introduction of various sphincter preserving techniques, the search for the optimal operation continues. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of long-term healing for the endorectal advancement flap
Methods A retrospective review of a single surgeon experience with the endorectal advancement flap for anorectal fistulas over an 18-year period. The impact of various patient and fistula related factors were analyzed for their impact on the primary endpoint of long-term fistula healing
Results 87 patients underwent endorectal advancement flap (Male/Female 42.5/57.5%). Median age was 41 years. Sixty-nine patients (79.3%) had anal fistula while 18 patients had rectal fistula (20.7%). An anterior based fistula was noted in 45 patients (51.7%). The most common etiology was cryptoglandular disease (87.4%). The median operative time was 75 minutes (range 36-250). Postoperative septic complications were noted in 4 patients (4.6%). Fistula healing was documented in 80 patients (93%). During a median follow-up of 4 months (range 1-38, 1 patient lost to follow-up), recurrence was noted in 8 patients (9.3%), yielding an overall long-term success rate of 83.7%. The long-term healing rate was higher in patients with fistulas from cryptoglandular etiology (86.6%) compared to fistulas from other etiologies (63.6%) [p = 0.027].
Conclusions The endorectal advancement is associated with a high healing rate, a low postoperative septic complication rate, and infrequent risk for recurrence. Long-term healing without recurrence is achieved more frequently in patients with cryptoglandular etiology of the fistula compared to patients with non-cryptoglandular etiology.
McKittrick Wheelock Syndrome Secondary to Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum. Case Report and Diagnostic Considerations
Authors: Quintero Claudia Alejandra Aceves , Pacheco Santiago Taracena , Sarmiento Itzel Vela 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome is a rare entity characterized by chronic diarrhea, acute kidney injury, and hydroelectrolytic imbalance associated with a large rectal tumor, frequently a villous adenoma.
Case report A 69-year-old male with chronic diarrhea with mucus. He underwent a colonoscopy with biopsies, reporting adenocarcinoma of the rectum in situ, and underwent a robot assisted intersphincteric resection with colo-anal anastomosis and a protecitive ileostomy.
Discussion Described in 1954, this syndrome is manifested by electrolyte imbalance and acute renal injury secondary to diarrhea associated with a rectal villous adenoma, often with long lasting symptoms. The most frequent symptom being watery diarrhea with mucus. The definitive treatment consists of surgical resection.
Conclusion Although this is a rare pathology, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of chronic diarrhea associated with water and electrolyte disorders.
Cutting of Sphincter in Fistulectomy with Primary Closure in Complex Fistula-in-Ano: Is it Feasible?
Authors: Verma Amrendra , Kothari Reena , Sharma Dhananjaya , Agarwal Pawan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Treatment of complex fistulas such as inter- or transsphincteric, recurrent, and high fistulae have high rate of recurrence or incontinence. Fistulectomy with primary sphincter reconstruction might represent an effective and safe alternative to reduce rate of recurrence and incontinence. The aim of this study is to assess incontinence and recurrence after fistulectomy with primary sphincter reconstruction for management of complex fistulas.
Material and Methods There were 60 patients with complex fistulae involving the sphincter, with 56 male and 4 female, mean age 40.6 years, operated by fistulectomy and primary sphincter repair over a period of 7 years. Patients were followed up for 6months for any complications, recurrence, and incontinence.
Results The majority of patients (50, 83.3%) had complete wound healing in 2 weeks, while 4 (6.6%) patients had hematoma and superficial wound dehiscence, which were managed conservatively and healed in 4 weeks. There was one recurrence. All patients had good continence postoperatively, except for mild fecal incontinence (FI, score 3), seen in 6 (10%) patients. However, all these patients regained continence within 6 weeks.
Conclusions Primary reconstruction of anal sphincter with fistulectomy is a safe option for complex fistula-in-ano.
The effectiveness of translation technology training: a mixed methods study
Authors: Su Wenchao , Li Defeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTranslation technology is nowadays widely used by many language service sectors, and translation technology training is offered by many universities and institutions around the world. However, the effectiveness of translation technology training is yet to be explored. To fill this gap, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 385 Master of Translation and Interpreting (MTI) students in China to understand the general trends in their reception and perception of their translation technology courses. In order to probe into the student’s experience of taking these courses, we further interviewed 8 of them. All the interviews, semi-structured to allow for both structured and free expression, were recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis. The Kirkpatrick model was used as the evaluation framework of training effectiveness. Results show that some students felt that the training was quite effective and it enabled them to gain the knowledge of computer-assisted translation tools. However, some felt less positive about the effectiveness of current training of translation technology and cited various challenges they encountered in their learning. All the findings and recommendations thereof will be discussed. It is hoped that the findings will contribute to our understanding and improvement of translation technology training in future programs.
In situ carbon and nitrogen turnover dynamics in topsoils: a climate warming simulation study in an alpine ecosystem
Authors: Djukic I. , Zehetner F. , Horacek M. , Gerzabek M. H. 
Published: September 2023

Context Climate change may affect ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling by accelerating C and N transformations in soil, which in turn can feed back to the climate system. These effects may be especially pronounced in cold regions, which are particularly sensitive to climate change, store significant amounts of soil organic C and harbour N-poor ecosystems. Still it is debated how C and N dynamics in high-elevation ecosystems will respond to rising temperatures. Aims We investigated the effects of climate warming and shifting vegetation zones on litter C and N turnover in a high-elevation ecosystem of the Austrian Alps. Methods We used high-to-low elevation soil translocation to simulate the combined effects of changing climatic conditions and shifting vegetation zones, and combined this with an in-situ decomposition experiment using 13C and 15N double-labelled litter material. Key results In our experiment, plant litter decomposition raised soil pH by up to one pH unit (5.7 to 6.7) within 15–20 weeks, followed by a decrease below the initial pH values until the end of the experiment. Simulated mean annual soil warming of 1.5 and 2.7°C resulted in a significantly accelerated turnover of added maize-C, whereas maize-N persisted longer in the soils. The more resistant C pool (half-life 1–2 years) responded much more strongly to experimental warming (100–190% increase in decomposition rate) compared to the labile pool (half-life 1–2 weeks; 5–20% increase in decomposition rate). In contrast, simulated warming led to a significant decrease of N loss by mineralisation for both pools (change in half-life for labile maize straw N pool, 5.9 to 10.5 and 19.1 days, respectively; and stabile maize straw N pool, 1386 to 1733 and 3466 days, respectively). Conclusions Our results show that rising temperatures in alpine ecosystems may have contrasting effects on C and N dynamics in the short to medium term. This reflects very tight N cycling and underlines the importance of soil hydrological processes, such as water percolation and leaching, on the fate of N in such N-poor ecosystems. Implications The linkage between N cycling and soil hydrological processes should be accounted for in ecosystem modelling efforts.