bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective study of 134 patients with cervical region Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease
Authors: Liu Jianzhi , Zheng Qiaoling , Shi Liangwen , Zhao Zhiwei , Chen Xuxiang , Wang Taiqin , Chen Xiaoqiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the clinical and laboratory features, therapy and prognosis of Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease (KFD) in the cervical region.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 134 patients who were diagnosed and treated with KFD from January 2000 to May 2022 in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital (Fujian, China). Their clinical characteristics, affected lymph node size, imaging examinations, and laboratory study results were analyzed.ResultsThe mean patient age was 24.9 years, and the male–female ratio was 1:1.73. Fever (55.2%, n = 74) was the most common clinical manifestation. Leukopenia (49.3%) was the commonest reported laboratory abnormality. A majority (65.7%) of the 134 patients presented with bilateral nodal involvement.ConclusionKFD should be considered as a possible diagnosis in a female patient under the age of 30 presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, leukopenia, and elevated LDH.Level of Evidence4.
Chemobrain in blood cancers: How chemotherapeutics interfere with the brain's structure and functionality, immune system, and metabolic functions
Authors: Skurlova M. , Holubova K. , Kleteckova L. , Kozak T. , Kubova H. , Horacek J. , Vales K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer treatment brings about a phenomenon not fully clarified yet, termed chemobrain. Its strong negative impact on patients' well‐being makes it a trending topic in current research, interconnecting many disciplines from clinical oncology to neuroscience. Clinical and animal studies have often reported elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in various types of blood cancers. This inflammatory burst could be the background for chemotherapy‐induced cognitive deficit in patients with blood cancers. Cancer environment is a dynamic interacting system. The review puts into close relationship the inflammatory dysbalance and oxidative/nitrosative stress with disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB breakdown leads to neuroinflammation, followed by neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. High levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce the progression of cancer resulting in increased mutagenesis, conversion of protooncogenes to oncogenes, and inactivation of tumor suppression genes to trigger cancer cell growth. These cell alterations may change brain functionality, as well as morphology. Multidrug chemotherapy is not without consequences to healthy tissue and could even be toxic. Specific treatment impacts brain function and morphology, functions of the immune system, and metabolism in a unique mixture. In general, a chemo‐drug's effects on cognition in cancer are not direct and/or in‐direct, usually a combination of effects is more probable. Last but not least, chemotherapy strongly impacts the immune system and could contribute to BBB disruption. This review points out inflammation as a possible mechanism of brain damage during blood cancers and discusses chemotherapy‐induced cognitive impairment.
A triple‐band frequency selective surface for 5G millimeter‐wave communications
Authors: Gürdal Senanur , Aksimsek Sinan , Tokan Nurhan T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this letter, a new triple‐band millimeter‐wave frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented. The proposed FSS structure consists of three slot‐based resonance mechanisms on the single layer of Rogers Diclad880 dielectric. It shows a high compactness with a unit cell surface area of 5.4 × 5.4 mm2. The proposed FSS exhibits a triple‐band bandpass filter characteristics for the allocated 5G millimeter‐wave frequency regions with sufficient bandwidths corresponding to 23.5–24.6, 27–28.5, and 37.5–41 GHz, respectively. Simulation outcomes reveal that the FSS poses polarization insensitive behavior, and maintains high transmission skill for a wide range of incident angles up to 40°. A 40 × 40 FSS panel is fabricated, and the experimental verification is carried out. The outcomes prove that the proposed FSS is suitable for multiband 5G millimeter‐wave filtering applications.
Bone‐GAN: Generation of virtual bone microstructure of high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography
Authors: Thomsen Felix S. L. , Iarussi Emmanuel , Borggrefe Jan , Boyd Steven K. , Wang Yue , Battié Michele C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundData‐driven development of medical biomarkers of bone requires a large amount of image data but physical measurements are generally too restricted in size and quality to perform a robust training.PurposeThis study aims to provide a reliable in silico method for the generation of realistic bone microstructure with defined microarchitectural properties. Synthetic bone samples may improve training of neural networks and serve for the development of new diagnostic parameters of bone architecture and mineralization.MethodsOne hundred‐fifty cadaveric lumbar vertebrae from 48 different male human spines were scanned with a high resolution peripheral quantitative CT. After prepocessing the scans, we extracted 10,795 purely spongeous bone patches, each with a side length of 32 voxels (5 mm) and isotropic voxel size of 164 μm. We trained a volumetric generative adversarial network (GAN) in a progressive manner to create synthetic microstructural bone samples. We then added a style transfer technique to allow the generation of synthetic samples with defined microstructure and gestalt by simultaneously optimizing two entangled loss functions. Reliability testing was performed by comparing real and synthetic bone samples on 10 well‐understood microstructural parameters.ResultsThe method was able to create synthetic bone samples with visual and quantitative properties that effectively matched with the real samples. The GAN contained a well‐formed latent space allowing to smoothly morph bone samples by their microstructural parameters, visual appearance or both. Optimum performance has been obtained for bone samples with voxel size 32 × 32 × 32, but also samples of size 64 × 64 × 64 could be synthesized.ConclusionsOur two‐step‐approach combines a parameter‐agnostic GAN with a parameter‐specific style transfer technique. It allows to generate an unlimited anonymous database of microstructural bone samples with sufficient realism to be used for the development of new data‐driven methods of bone‐biomarkers. Particularly, the style transfer technique can generate datasets of bone samples with specific conditions to simulate certain bone pathologies.
Non‐iterative Green's function approach for 2D unbounded heterogeneous fluid‐saturated media
Authors: Mesquita Leonardo C. , Sotelino Elisa D. , Peres Matheus L. , Leroy Yves M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Green's function approach (GFA) developed in previous work uses the classical Green's function for point load (Kelvin's fundamental solution, Melan's fundamental solution, and others) and the reciprocity theorem to capture changes in the displacement, strain, and stress fields of a geological formation subjected to the processes of extraction or injection of fluids. The great advantage of this method compared to the classical finite element method (FEM) is that it does not require the imposition of boundary conditions and the problem analysis can be performed considering only the reservoir or other regions of interest. In the original version of the GFA, the displacement field is calculated using an iterative numerical scheme, which decreases the computational performance of the method and may present convergence problems. Such limitations have made it difficult to use the GFA in real problems. The present work proposes a non‐iterative numerical scheme capable of expanding the applicability of GFA and, simultaneously, improving its computational performance. The results presented in this work demonstrate that using this numerical scheme, the GFA consumes up to 17.5 times less CPU time compared to iterative scheme and this relationship can be even greater if the heterogeneity of the material increases. Using a geological profile constructed from seismic images of the Brazilian pre‐salt (Tupi field located in the Santos basin), it is shown that the non‐iterative GFA allows the analysis of complex geological formations.
Balloon Dilation Eustachian Tuboplasty for Dilatory Dysfunction With and Without Effusion: A Comprehensive Outcome Analysis
Authors: Lin Jung‐Ting , Hsu Heng‐Jui , Ho Chen‐Yu , Tsai Shu‐Wei , Li Yi‐Lu , Wu Jiunn‐Liang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed (1) to demonstrate the efficacy of balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty (BDET) for dilatory Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) and (2) to determine whether adjunctive ventilation tube insertion (VTI) is superior to myringotomy in relieving symptoms for patients with ETD and concurrent middle ear effusion (MEE) treated with BDET.Study DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary care academic center.MethodsPatients with dilatory ETD undergoing BDET with a ≥6‐month follow‐up period were enrolled and evaluated mainly using Eustachian tube function (ETF) tests and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire‐7 (ETDQ‐7). Participants with concurrent MEE were further classified into 2 subgroups, BDET with VTI and BDET with myringotomy. An intergroup comparison and comprehensive outcome evaluation were performed.ResultsIn total, 35 patients with 50 symptomatic ears were enrolled. According to ETF test results, the normalized ETF rate was 94% on the last visit. The mean ETDQ‐7 scores decreased significantly from 3.7 ± 1.4 to 2.0 ± 0.9 after interventions, with the most improvement in symptoms occurring for “ear fullness” and “muffled hearing.” For the final visit, strong correlations among ETF tests, tympanometry, and Valsalva results were noted. The aforementioned assessment results did not significantly differ between (1) the patients with MEE and patients without MEE and (2) “BDET with VTI” subgroup and “BDET with myringotomy” subgroup.ConclusionBDET was effective for dilatory ETD, even in cases with concurrent MEE. For patients with ETD and MEE, further research is required to evaluate the benefits of adjunctive myringotomy with or without VTI.
Comparison of Remimazolam and Propofol for Drug‐Induced Sleep Endoscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zhang Jianxi , Zhang Yiying , Fang Xing , Weng Lili , Zhu Sha , Luo Ning , Huang Donghai , Guo Qulian , Huang Changsheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of remimazolam with those of propofol for drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea‐hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Study DesignA prospective, single‐center, randomized clinical trial.SettingXiangya Hospital of Central South University.MethodsPatients with OSAHS receiving DISE were randomly assigned to either the remimazolam or propofol group. The primary outcome was the incidence of hypoxemia (pulse oxygen saturation [SpO2] < 90%) during DISE. The secondary outcomes were the incidence of severe hypoxemia (SpO2 < 80%), the minimal value of SpO2, sedation success rate (completion of DISE according to the medication regimen), and incidence of events of interest (including injection pain, bradycardia, and decreased respiratory rate).ResultsSixty‐four patients were included in this study. The incidence of hypoxemia was significantly lower in the remimazolam than in the propofol group (25.00% vs 62.50%, respectively; relative risk, 0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20‐0.74; p < .01). There was no significant difference in the sedation success rate between the remimazolam and propofol groups (96.88% vs 81.25%, respectively; relative risk, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.50; p = .10). The incidence of at least 1 event of interest was lower in the remimazolam than in the propofol group (43.75% vs 96.88%, respectively; relative risk, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29‐0.63; p < .01).ConclusionRemimazolam can present satisfactory sedative efficacy in DISE, with a lower incidence of hypoxemia and a higher safety profile than propofol.
Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Diagnose Residual Cholesteatoma in Children and Benefit of Radiological Rereview
Authors: Baudouin Robin , Simon François , Levy Raphaël , Breton Sylvain , Alciato Lauranne , Talab Elsa , Leboulanger Nicolas , Couloigner Vincent , Garabedian Erea‐Noël , Denoyelle Françoise 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveNon‐echo‐planar diffusion‐weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (non‐EPI MRI) is the appropriate sequence to detect residual cholesteatoma. In the child, MRI may be clinically useful to determine the timing of the second‐look procedure. The aim of this paper was to retrospectively evaluate the performance of early MRI (before the 18th postoperative month) in detecting residual cholesteatoma in children after review by experienced specialized neuroradiologists.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingOne university center comparative cohort.MethodsAll patients who had a 2‐staged procedure for cholesteatoma with an MRI before the second stage from 2010 to 2020 were included and analyzed. Three pediatric neuroradiologists reviewed all the images blinded to the surgical result.ResultsN = 141 cholesteatoma events (140 children) were included with a mean age at MRI of 10 (±4) years old. Non‐EPI MRIs were performed 10.7 (±3.8) months after the first‐stage surgery and 2.2 (±2.6) months before the second‐stage procedure. Non‐EPI MRI had a 0.57 sensitivity (SE) and 0.83 specificity (SP). MRI was reviewed in 112 cases. The diagnosis was corrected in 17 cases (15.1%) (3 true positives, 7 false negatives, and 7 false positives). SE = 0.63 (p = 0.1) and SP = 0.92 (p = 0.08) after rereading.ConclusionEarly MRI's SE is poor but SP is excellent after rereading. Evidence does not support the use of early non‐EPI MRI to modify the surgical strategy or to postpone the second look. If performed, early non‐EPI MRI should be read by specialized experienced radiologists with all 3 sequences (T1, T2, and non‐EPI DW) and apparent diffusion coefficient calculation, especially in cases of otitis media with effusion.
Preparation and UV‐curing properties of rosin‐based allyl phthalate oligomer
Authors: Luo Liping , Bai Xiangyang , Zhou Hongyong , Wang Jiaxi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe acid–base stability of UV cured materials is an important issue in the field of material applications. Bio‐based rosin modified diallyl phthalate oligomers (RS‐DAP) with higher hydrophobicity were synthesized by the radical reaction of rosin with diallyl phthalate. The structures of RS‐DAP were confirmed by FT‐IR, 1H NMR and electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI‐HRMS). The UV‐curing properties of acrylate components containing RS‐DAP were investigated by FT‐ATR. And the effects of RS‐DAP dosage on the double bond conversion of neopentyl glycol diacrylate (NPGDA) and the properties of cured film were evaluated. The results show that the introduction of aromatic rings of DAP and the rigid structure of rosin moiety can improve the UV curing rate, gelation ratio, hardness, and chemical resistance of cured film. The composition of RS‐DAP resin with acrylate monomer and RJ313 resin can be 3D printed into specimen with smooth surface, good precision, good thermal stability, hardness of 6 H, and 93% of gel content.
Frequency and deflection responses of 3D‐printed carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites: Theoretical and experimental verification
Authors: Kannan Sridharan , Manapaya Apichat , Selvaraj Rajeshkumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the present study, the vibration and bending characteristics of carbon fiber reinforced 3D printed composites have been investigated using first order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The elastic properties of 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) material were examined using the ASTM D638 standard test. From the tested specimens, the fractured surfaces were observed for bonding between layers, fiber‐matrix interfaces, and failures using a field emission scanning electron microscope. The experimental vibration analysis was performed on with and without carbon fiber reinforced 3D printed composites to predict natural frequencies under different boundary conditions. The experimental results is compared with finite element analysis in terms of natural frequencies, and it shows very good agreement for 3D printed composites. Furthermore, parametric analysis is performed to explore the influence of end conditions and aspect ratios on the vibration and bending characteristics of 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced composites.
Purine antimetabolites associated Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
Authors: Lukose Lipin , Shantaram Pawar Mansi , Raj Alan , Nair Gouri , Shaju Aina M. , K. Subeesh Viswam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo detect the possible safety signal of purine antimetabolites associated with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia through disproportionality analysis in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database.MethodsA case/non‐case retrospective disproportionality analysis was performed in the publicly available FAERS database using AERSmine (2004Q1–2021Q3). Four models were developed to explore the signal strength of PAs among different populations with possible confounding factors. Reporting odds ratio (ROR) and Proportional reporting ratio (PRR) was used as the data mining algorithm for the analysis. A value of ROR‐1.96SE > 1 and PRR ≥ 2 with an associated X2 value of 4 or more was considered the threshold for a signal.ResultsA total of 7073 reports associated with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia were present in the database, of which 899 reports were associated with purine antimetabolites. A crude signal strength of ROR 15.76(14.70–16.91) was obtained for purine antimetabolites associated PJP, with the highest signal strength reported with fludarabine and thioguanine [ROR 19.63(17.42–22.13); 19.45(13.21–28.63)]. Stratifying the cases based on autoimmune disorders and the cancer population revealed an ROR of 3.33(2.46–4.50) and 2.93(2.26–3.79) respectively. The highest risk of PJP with use of PAs was observed amongst children with a higher risk of nearly 2 times than the adult population [ROR 11.57(9.16–14.62)].ConclusionsOur study provided evidence on the occurrence of PJP with the use of purine antimetabolites among the autoimmune and cancer population. We identified signals for PJP with azathioprine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine, cladribine, fludarabine, and clofarabine. More research with a superior epidemiological study design of a defined population is required to validate these findings.
Classifying multicenter approaches to invasive mechanical ventilation for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia using hierarchical clustering analysis
Authors: Kielt Matthew J. , Hatch L. Dupree , Levin Jonathan C. , Napolitano Natalie , Abman Steven H. , Baker Christopher D. , Eldredge Laurie C. , Collaco Joseph M. , McGrath‐Morrow Sharon A. , Rose Rebecca S. , Lai Khanh , Keszler Martin , Sindelar Richard , Nelin Leif D. , McKinney Robin L. ,   The BPD Collaborative
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionEvidence‐based ventilation strategies for infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remain unknown. Determining whether contemporary ventilation approaches cluster as specific BPD strategies may better characterize care and enhance the design of clinical trials. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that unsupervised, multifactorial clustering analysis of point prevalence ventilator setting data would classify a discrete number of physiology‐based approaches to mechanical ventilation in a multicenter cohort of infants with severe BPD.MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis of a multicenter point prevalence study of infants with severe BPD treated with invasive mechanical ventilation. We clustered the cohort by mean airway pressure (MAP), positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), set respiratory rate, and inspiratory time (Ti) using Ward's hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA).ResultsSeventy‐eight patients with severe BPD were included from 14 centers. HCA classified three discrete clusters as determined by an agglomerative coefficient of 0.97. Cluster stability was relatively strong as determined by Jaccard coefficient means of 0.79, 0.85, and 0.77 for clusters 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The median PEEP, MAP, rate, Ti, and PIP differed significantly between clusters for each comparison by Kruskall–Wallis testing (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn this study, unsupervised clustering analysis of ventilator setting data identified three discrete approaches to mechanical ventilation in a multicenter cohort of infants with severe BPD. Prospective trials are needed to determine whether these approaches to mechanical ventilation are associated with specific severe BPD clinical phenotypes and differentially modify respiratory outcomes.
Combustion of 10–100 μm aluminum droplets in detonation products gases
Authors: Kuhl Allen L. , Grote David P. , Springer H. Keo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe describe a two‐phase model of combustion effects in aluminized high explosive (HE) charges. It is based on: (i) a Gas Dynamic Model of the expansion of the detonation product gases and their turbulent combustion with air; and (ii) a Heterogeneous Continuum Model of aluminum (Al) droplets and their combustion with the detonation product gases. Initial conditions are based on an analytical similarity solution for a cylindrical Chapman‐Jouguet (CJ) detonation propagating at the CJ detonation velocity. The CJ jump conditions are computed at the thermodynamic equilibrium state by the Cheetah code, assuming the Al droplets are inert. We assume that the Al is 10 % of the charge mass and occurs as droplets at the CJ state. Different initial droplet diameters, ranging from 10 to 100 microns, are studied. A hydrodynamic combustion model based on large Damköhler numbers is employed in this study,
. It has a square‐root dependence on the Reynolds number (Re) and inversed‐squared dependence on the droplet diameter (
). The burnout time (
) of the Al droplets has a three‐halves dependence on the droplet diameter,
. After burnout, the detonation products act as detonation products of the HE charge with active Al. They turbulently mix with air and form a combustion layer on the outer edge of the fireball. Details of the two‐phase model, initial conditions and evolution of the flow field will be described.