bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-averaging principle for G-SDEs based on Lyapunov condition
Authors: Zong Gaofeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we tame the uncertainty about the volatility in time-averaging principle for stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion (G-SDEs) based on the Lyapunov condition. That means we treat the time-averaging principle for stochastic differential equations based on the Lyapunov condition in the presence of a family of probability measures, each corresponding to a different scenario for the volatility. The main tool for the mathematical analysis is the G-stochastic calculus, which is introduced in the book by Peng (Nonlinear Expectations and Stochastic Calculus Under Uncertainty. Springer, Berlin, 2019). We show that the solution of a standard equation converges to the solution of the corresponding averaging equation in the sense of sublinear expectation with the help of some properties of G-stochastic calculus. Numerical results obtained using PYTHON illustrate the efficiency of the averaging method.
Novel biological aqua crust enhances in situ metal(loid) bioremediation driven by phototrophic/diazotrophic biofilm
Authors: Wang Guobao , Yin Xiuran , Feng Zekai , Chen Chiyu , Chen Daijie , Wu Bo , Liu Chong , Morel Jean Louis , Jiang Yuanyuan , Yu Hang , He Huan , Chao Yuanqing , Tang Yetao , Qiu Rongliang , Wang Shizhong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Understanding the ecological and environmental functions of phototrophic biofilms in the biological crust is crucial for improving metal(loid) (e.g. Cd, As) bioremediation in mining ecosystems. In this study, in combination with metal(loid) monitoring and metagenomic analysis, we systematically evaluated the effect of biofilm in a novel biological aqua crust (biogenic aqua crust—BAC) on in situ metal(loid) bioremediation of a representative Pb/Zn tailing pond.

Results
We observed strong accumulation of potentially bioavailable metal(loid)s and visible phototrophic biofilms in the BAC. Furthermore, dominating taxa Leptolyngbyaceae (10.2–10.4%, Cyanobacteria) and Cytophagales (12.3–22.1%, Bacteroidota) were enriched in biofilm. Along with predominant heterotrophs (e.g. Cytophagales sp.) as well as diazotrophs (e.g. Hyphomonadaceae sp.), autotrophs/diazotrophs (e.g. Leptolyngbyaceae sp.) in phototrophic biofilm enriched the genes encoding extracellular peptidase (e.g. family S9, S1), CAZymes (e.g. CBM50, GT2) and biofilm formation (e.g. OmpR, CRP and LuxS), thus enhancing the capacity of nutrient accumulation and metal(loid) bioremediation in BAC system.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that a phototrophic/diazotrophic biofilm constitutes the structured communities containing specific autotrophs (e.g. Leptolyngbyaceae sp.) and heterotrophs (e.g. Cytophagales sp.), which effectively control metal(loid) and nutrient input using solar energy in aquatic environments. Elucidation of the mechanisms of biofilm formation coupled with metal(loid) immobilization in BAC expands the fundamental understanding of the geochemical fate of metal(loid)s, which may be harnessed to enhance in situ metal(loid) bioremediation in the aquatic ecosystem of the mining area.
Reversed L-shaped incision for resection of a large azygos vein aneurysm: a case report
Authors: Tamura Kazuki , Konishi Yasunobu , Tatsuishi Wataru , Abe Tomonobu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Azygos vein aneurysms are rare and asymptomatic in many cases. The management for these aneurysms is controversial, and there is no clear guideline or evidence-based threshold for surgical or interventional therapy.

Case presentation
Herein, we report the case of a giant azygos vein aneurysm in a 78-year-old man that was treated with a reversed L-shaped incision. A 56 × 77 mm saccular azygos vein aneurysm was incidentally detected on computed tomography. Subsequently, surgical resection with interventional radiology and reversed L-shaped thoracotomy was performed. First, we performed coil embolization of the azygos vein aneurysm inflow. Next, a cardiopulmonary bypass was established through a reversed L-shaped sternotomy, and the aneurysm was excised.

Conclusions
In this case, surgical resection via reversed L incision was effective.
Macular vascular features of different types of diabetic macular edema using ocular coherence tomography angiography- a comparative study
Authors: Nassar Ghada A. , Maqboul Ibrahim M. , El-Nahry Ayman Gehad , Hassan Lameece Moustafa , Shalash Ahmed B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
To compare the microvascular features of different subtypes of diabetic macular edema (DME) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods
A cross-sectional study including treatment-naive patients with DME. Eyes were divided according to optical coherence tomography determined morphology into two groups: cystoid macular edema (CME) and diffuse retinal thickening (DRT), with further subdivision according to the presence of subretinal fluid. All patients underwent 3 × 3 and 6 × 6 mm OCTA scans of the macula to compare the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vascular density (VD) of the superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexus and choriocapillaris flow (CF). Laboratory findings (HbA1C and triglyceride levels) were also correlated with the OCTA findings.

Results
The study included 52 eyes, 27 had CME and 25 had DRT. There were no significant differences between the VD of the SCP (p = 0.684) and DCP (p = 0.437), FAZ of SCP (p = 0.574), FAZ of DCP (p = 0.563) and CF (p = 0.311). Linear regression analysis revealed that DME morphology was the strongest predictor for BCVA. Other significant predictors included HbA1C and triglyceride levels.

Conclusion
The morphology of DME, irrespective of SRF, was most significantly correlated with BCVA in treatment-naive patients and CME subtype could be an independent predictor of poor BCVA in patients with DME.
Measuring parental stress, illness perceptions, coping and quality of life in families of children newly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Papadopoulos Angelos , Siafaka Vassiliki , Tsapara Angeliki , Tafiadis Dionysios , Kotsis Konstantinos , Skapinakis Petros , Tzoufi Meropi 
Published: May 2023

Background
A variety of psychosocial factors have been shown to affect the quality of life of families (FQoL).

Aim
This study aimed to assess the impact of mother's demographic characteristics, parental stress, illness perceptions about autism spectrum disorder (ASD), coping strategies, ASD severity and time since diagnosis on FQoL during the initial period following diagnosis (≤6 months).

Method
Fifty-three mothers of children newly diagnosed with ASD completed the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale, the Autism Parenting Stress Index, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the demographic characteristics of the family. Eta coefficients and Pearson's analysis were used to determine the associations between the variables and the FQoL dimensions. Hierarchical regression was used to determine whether variables explained a statistically significant family quality of life variance.

Results
Pearson's analysis and eta coefficients indicated several correlations. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that higher parental stress related to core autism symptoms was associated with poorer FQoL (95% CI −0.08 to −0.02, P = 0.001), and higher perceived treatment control was associated with better FQoL (95% CI 0.04–0.16, P = 0.001). In addition, stronger perceived personal control was associated with higher physical/material well-being (95% CI 0.01–0.16, P = 0.022) and higher disability-related support (95% CI 0.30–0.61, P = 0.001). Higher family monthly income was associated with better FQoL (95% CI 0.08–0.027, P = 0.000), whereas marital status (divorced mother) was correlated with poorer FQoL (95% CI −0.68 to −0.16, P = 0.002).

Conclusions
Interventions should emphasise managing the disorder's characteristics and implementing psychoeducational and supportive programmes for parents, immediately after the diagnosis, to enhance FQoL.
Survival in Older Japanese Adults With Advanced Cancer Before and After Implementation of a Geriatric Oncology Service
Authors: Nishijima Tomohiro F. , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Komoda Masato , Hanamura Fumiyasu , Okumura Yuta , Morita Masaru , Toh Yasushi , Esaki Taito , Muss Hyman B. 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE Research studies have demonstrated that comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) improves outcomes in older adults with cancer treated with chemotherapy. We compared survival outcomes on older adults with advanced cancer before and after the initiation of a geriatric oncology service (GOS) in a single Japanese cancer center. METHODS This was a comparative study of two groups of consecutive patients 70 years and older with advanced cancer who were referred to medical oncology for first-line chemotherapy before (controls; n = 151, September 2015-August 2018) and after (GOS; n = 191, September 2018-March 2021) implementation of the GOS. When the treating physician requested a consultation from the GOS, a geriatrician and an oncologist performed CGA and provided recommendations for cancer treatment and geriatric interventions. Time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The median age for all patients was 75 (range, 70-95) years, and 85% had GI cancers. In the GOS group, 82 patients received the CGA before a treatment decision and oncologic treatment plans were changed in 49 patients (60%). The overall implementation rate of the CGA-based geriatric interventions was 45%. Two hundred and eighty-two patients received chemotherapy (controls; n = 128 and GOS; n = 154), and 60 patients were treated with best supportive care only (controls; n = 23 and GOS; n = 37). Among patients receiving chemotherapy, TTF event rates for the GOS group compared with the control group were 5.7% versus 14% at 30 days ( P = .02) and 13% versus 29% at 60 days ( P = .001). The GOS group had longer OS than the control group with a hazard ratio of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.44 to 0.93; P = .02). CONCLUSION In this study, older adults with advanced cancer managed after the implementation of a GOS had improved survival outcomes compared with a historical control of patients.
Regulation of autophagy gene expression and its implications in cancer
Authors: Metur Shree Padma , Lei Yuchen , Zhang Zhihai , Klionsky Daniel J. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Autophagy is a catabolic cellular process that targets and eliminates superfluous cytoplasmic components via lysosomal degradation. This evolutionarily conserved process is tightly regulated at multiple levels as it is critical for the maintenance of homeostasis. Research in the past decade has established that dysregulation of autophagy plays a major role in various diseases, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. However, modulation of autophagy as a therapeutic strategy requires identification of key players that can fine tune the induction of autophagy without complete abrogation. In this Review, we summarize the recent discoveries on the mechanism of regulation of ATG (autophagy related) gene expression at the level of transcription, post transcription and translation. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the role of aberrant expression of ATG genes in the context of cancer.
Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics (AFHCS) in India and their compliance with government benchmarks: A scoping review
Authors: Bahl Deepika , Bassi Shalini , Manna Subhanwita , Arora Monika 
Published: May 2023

Background: Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics (AFHCs) are one of the critical pillars of India’s Adolescent Health Programme-Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram. The goal is to empower all adolescents to make informed decisions about their health and to access health services, allowing them to fully reach their potential. A review was conceptualised to assess the compliance of AFHCs with the benchmark proposed by the Government under Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram. Methods: Three databases (PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar) were searched for articles published between 2014 and 2022. A snowball search strategy was also used to retrieve all published articles. Based on the search strategy eight studies were included. Results: Evidence from the primary studies showed that the benchmarks need attention as privacy was lacking (six out of seven studies), unavailability of IEC material (four out of five), signages (two out of four), referrals (one out of two), and judgemental attitude of health care provider (one out of 3). Conclusions: It is crucial to address the existing gaps in order to make the clinics adolescent-friendly, as this could lead to increase utilization of services available in AFHCs and an overall improvement in their health, education, and employment. The improved health will catalyse achieving the Sustainable Development Goals indicators related to nutrition, reproductive health, sexual and intimate partner violence, child marriage, education, and employment.
Prehospital characteristics that identify major trauma patients: A hybrid systematic review protocol
Authors: Donnelly Nora , Linvill Matthew , Zaidan Ricardo , Simpson Andrew , Brent Louise , Hickey Pamela , Masterson Siobhan , Deasy Conor , Doyle Frank 
Published: May 2023

Background: International evidence has consistently demonstrated significant improvements both in the trauma care process and outcomes for patients through re-configuring care services from that which is fragmented to integrated trauma networks. A backbone of any trauma network is a trauma triage tool. This is necessary to support paramedic staff in identifying major trauma patients based on prehospital characteristics. However, there is no consensus on an optimal triage tool and with that, no consensus on the minimum criteria for prehospital identification of major trauma. Objective: Examine the prehospital characteristics applied in the international literature to identify major trauma patients. Methods: To ensure the systematic review is both as comprehensive and complete as possible, we will apply a hybrid overview of reviews approach in accordance with best practice guidelines. Searches will be conducted in Pubmed (Ovid MEDLINE), Embase, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials. We will search for papers that analyse prehospital characteristics applied in trauma triage tools that identify major trauma patients. These papers will be all systematic reviews in the area, not limited by year of publication, supplemented with an updated search of original papers from November 2019. Duplication screening of all articles will be conducted by two reviewers and a third reviewer to arbitrate disputes. Data will be extracted using a pre-defined data extraction form, and quality appraised by the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment form. Conclusions: An exhaustive search for both systematic reviews and original papers will identify the range of tools developed in the international literature and, importantly, the prehospital characteristics that have been applied to identify major trauma patients. The findings of this review will inform the development of a national clinical prediction rule for triage of major trauma patients.
Antenatal corticosteroids reduce neonatal mortality in settings without assisted ventilatory support: a retrospective cohort study of early preterm births on the Thailand-Myanmar border
Authors: Bashir Humayra Aisha , Lufting-Leeffrers Daphne , Myat Min Aung , Htun Win Htun , Win Tun Nay , Gay Wah Tha , Ellen Gilder Mary , Kho Paw Moo , I. Carrara Verena , Meeyai Aronrag , Aderoba Adeniyi Kolade , Nosten François , Gross Mechthild M. , McGready Rose 
Published: May 2023

Background: Prematurity is the highest risk for under-five mortality globally. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of antenatal dexamethasone on neonatal mortality in early preterm in a resource-constrained setting without assisted ventilation. Methods: This retrospective (2008-2013) cohort study in clinics for refugees/migrants on the Thai-Myanmar border included infants born <34 weeks gestation at home, in, or on the way to the clinic. Dexamethasone, 24 mg (three 8 mg intramuscular doses, every 8 hours), was prescribed to women at risk of preterm birth (28 to <34 weeks). Appropriate newborn care was available: including oxygen but not assisted ventilation. Mortality and maternal fever were compared by number of doses (complete: three, incomplete: one or two, or no dose). A sub-cohort participated to neurodevelopmental testing at one year. Results: Of 15,285 singleton births, 240 were included: 96 did not receive dexamethasone and 144 received one, two or three doses (56, 13 and 75, respectively). Of live born infants (n=233), early neonatal and neonatal mortality/ 1,000 livebirths (95%CI) with complete dosing was 141 (78–240) and 304 (191–448); compared to 292 (210–389) and 521 (407–633) with no dose. Compared to complete dosing, both incomplete and no dexamethasone were associated with elevated adjusted ORs 4.09 (1.39 to 12.00) and 3.13 (1.14 to 8.63), for early neonatal death. By contrast, for neonatal death, while there was clear evidence that no dosing was associated with higher mortality, adjusted OR 3.82 (1.42 to 10.27), the benefit of incomplete dosing was uncertain adjusted OR 1.75 (0.63 to 4.81). No adverse impact of dexamethasone on maternal fever or neurodevelopmental scores was observed. Conclusions: Neonatal mortality reduction is possible with complete dexamethasone dosing in pregnancies at risk of preterm birth in settings without capacity to provide assisted ventilation.
THE IDENTIFYING EATING DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Petrova Lolita A. , Khararbakhova Matrena A. , Timofeeva Mariya G. 
Published: May 2023

This article attempts to identify eating disorders of adolescents. Theoretical and methodological analysis of the study shows that the occurrence of eating disorders is due to attempts to compensate for the lack of unmet needs. Also in this article considered the severity of loneliness manifestation does not depend on the number of interpersonal relationships, the fundamental here is a subjective perception of human interaction with others, and not an “objective” assessment of this criterion from the outside.
The authors reviewed the studies of Russian and foreign scientists on the causality of eating disorders occurrence. The empirical part of the study was conducted using the questionnaire “Eating Behavior Assessment Scale” (Garner, D.M., Olmstead, M.P., Polivy, J.P.) and the methods of “Subjective feeling of loneliness” (Russell, D. and Ferguson, M.). The study involved 60 subjects, descriptive statistics were used to interpret the results. Our assumption that food can be a solution to the problems of the subjective feeling of loneliness in schoolchildren has been partially confirmed. The results on the scales with a high value of “eating disorders” and “subjective feeling of loneliness” are linked.
Objective. To identify at eating disorders with subjective feelings of loneliness among adolescent. The hypothesis of the study is based on the assumption that food can become a means of solving the subjective feeling of loneliness, the higher the level of the subjective feeling of loneliness, the more often eating disorders may occur.
Method and methodology. The research is based on the phenomenological method, as well as the principles of determinism and causality of mental activity.
Results. We covered 60 schoolchildren living in Yakutsk city in the empirical part of the study. The hypothesis of this study that food can be a means of solving the problems for adolescents with a high level of subjective feeling of loneliness is partially confirmed as a result of the research work carried out. Based on the results of an empirical study, the conclusion was made that the occurrence of eating disorders in adolescents is associated with the level of loneliness severity.
Scope of the results: the results of the study can be applied by psychologists, social workers and educators when working with adolescents with an eating disorder.
PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FORMATION OF READINESS OF FUTURE OFFICERS OF SECURITY UNITS IN DEPARTMENTAL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES RELATED TO THE USE OF SMALL ARMS
Authors: Volkov Yegor S. , Komarov Denis U. 
Published: May 2023

Relevance. In the current geopolitical situation, military personnel have a great responsibility to ensure national security. The fulfillment of this task is impossible without the training of qualified personnel in higher military educational organizations. The use of small arms retains its importance in modern combat. In this regard, the presented work is relevant.
Purpose. The aim of the work is to design and construct pedagogical technology for the formation of readiness of future officers of security units in departmental educational organizations for professional activities related to the use of small arms.
The method or methodology of the work. The methodological basis of the research is formed by methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, synthesis, diagnostic experiment and pedagogical observations.
Results. The results of the work are to present and substantiate the effectiveness of the use of the didactic information complex during the teaching of Fire training in higher military educational organizations.
The scope of the results. The results of the research can be applied in the field of methodology of teaching individual academic disciplines in higher military educational organizations.
METHODOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES USED TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF TRAINING FUTURE OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD TROOPS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Borovitsky Alexey M. 
Published: May 2023

The relevance of the scientific work is revealed by revealing the need to rethink the methodological methods used in military universities. The ongoing transformation of professional training of military specialists is based on the theoretical justification and practical implementation of the proposed problem-oriented methodological methods of training future officers.
Goal. The search for the most effective and as close as possible to the future real activities of the officers of the Rosgvardiya training methods is a priority area of our work. Constantly increasing qualification requirements and the specifics of training in the National Guard units determine the final results of the educational process.
Methods. The basic methods of the scientific work carried out are: the study of best practices, the analysis of documents and mixed methods. These methods include: intensive and the method of activating the capabilities of the individual and the collective based, the use of which, taking into account the specifics of the activities of the Rosgvardiya, involves the implementation of methodological methods of training in a military university.
Results. The analysis of the internal information received from military units about the professional activities of officers for the first two years after graduation gives reason to assert with a greater degree of confidence that the proposed methodological methods of training give a tangible practice-oriented positive result.
The scope of the results. Professional training of cadets as future officers of the Russian Guard, who are military specialists in the field of unit management and apply their professional skills in combat practice.