bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2D Semiconductor‐Based Optoelectronics for Artificial Vision
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Songge , Peng Yalin , Li Xiuzhen , Zhang Yangkun , He Congli , Zhang Guangyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArtificial retina technologies aim to restore visual function by mimicking the natural processes of the eye. These biomimetic devices can convert light into electrical signals that the brain can interpret as visual information, bypassing damaged or non‐functional cells of the eye. To be effective, these devices should possess high sensitivity to light, high spatial resolution, biocompatibility, power efficiency, and so on. Recently, 2D semiconductor materials have appeared as a promising candidate for artificial retinal devices, thanks to their excellent optoelectronic properties, ultrathin body, flexible nature, and biocompatibility. Here the recent developments in the field of 2D semiconductors‐based optoelectronics for visual function recovery are reviewed and their potential applications are discussed. The photodetector, optoelectronic memory, and artificial synapse mechanisms and devices utilized in artificial systems that are based on 2D semiconductor materials are summarized. Additionally, a range of application scenarios for devices that are inspired by retinal cells and vision systems is explored. Finally, it is concluded with an overview of the critical technical challenges and strategies that must be addressed for the successful development of artificial retina technologies. It also highlights the potential for new applications in other fields, such as robotics and artificial intelligence.
Non‐Contact Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Fu Xiaofei , Pan Xiaosen , Liu Yang , Li Jie , Zhang Zhengjian , Liu Hongbin , Gao Meng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of science and technology, there is an increasing demand for sustainable energy sources. Although triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can realize self‐powered supply by using various weak mechanical energy, the device's robustness and reliability are seriously affected by frequent, direct, and long‐term mechanical shocks, as well as negative environmental factors during equipment operation. Therefore, researchers have developed non‐contact triboelectric nanogenerators (NC‐TENGs) based on the principle of electrostatic induction. This technology enables electricity generation via relative movement of friction layers even when they are not in direct contact, which consequently leads to enhance device robustness, prolonged service life, and broadened operation scenarios. In this review, the recent progress of NC‐TENG from fundamental theory to practical applications is systematically summarized. The basic structure and working principle of NC‐TENG are first introduced, followed by a discussion of the devices’ structural construction and performance optimization methods. Furthermore, applications of NC‐TENG in automatic force position detection system, non‐contact human‐machine interface, and electrical energy harvesting are reviewed. Finally, a brief prospectus for the future development of NC‐TENG is provided.
Potentiating the Systemic Immunity by Bacteria‐Delivered Sting Activation in a Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Chen Wenfei , Zhu Yining , Chen Jiahao , Jing Xiandan , Xiong Yimin , Zou Ling , Li Jiahui , Liu Qinhui , Li Yanping , Huang Yuan , He Jinhan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStimulator of interferon genes (STING) connects the innate immunity to potent adaptive immunity via multiple pathways, which play a critical role in cancer treatment. Clinical application of STING agonists is mainly restrained due to the metabolic instability caused by intrinsic cyclic dinucleotide ligands. Previously, an orally available non‐nucleotide human STING agonist, MSA‐2 is presented, and to further improve its therapeutic efficacy, this work leverages the nonpathogenic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for tumor‐targeted delivery of the STING agonist by coating biocompatible polydopamine on the bacterial surface, termed as PDMN. The engineered bacterial delivery platform holds potential in elevating levels of type I interferon (IFN) along with proinflammatory cytokines and inducing maturation on dendritic cells. Intravenous administration of PDMN with laser irradiation to the tumor region promotes IFN‐β expression in a tumor microenvironment and mounts both the innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to profound regressions of established melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. By synergized with anti‐PD‐1 therapy, a substantial long‐lived protective immunity is generated, capable of preventing distant tumor metastases. Hence, this study identifies a STING‐amplified biotherapy to shape the cell‐mediated antitumor immunity, serving as a potential personalized cancer vaccine with enhanced biosafety and immune activation profile for diverse applications.
Low Threshold and Robust Ultrafast Pulses from Freestanding‐Growth 2D Quaternary BiCuSeO
Authors: Yu Qiang , Li Jie , Wu Jian , Liu Fangqi , Zhang Yan , Deng Haiqin , Yang Zixin , Zhang Junrong , Chen Cheng , Fang Long , Zhu Sicong , Wang Junyong , Leng Jinyong , Jiang Zongfu , Zhang Kai , Zhou Pu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSaturable absorber is a key component in ultrafast pulsed laser systems, which are pivotal in ultrafast physics, high‐speed communication, etc. 2D materials appear to be superior candidates as saturable absorbers for compact pulsed fiber lasers in recent years due to their wide band response and ease of integration. However, the integration of mode‐locked devices inevitably involves contamination or polymer in the interface between the layered saturable absorber and the fiber, which contributes to a high start‐up threshold for the ultrafast pulsed lasers. This study develops an on‐fiber femtosecond laser with 2D narrow‐gap semiconducting BiCuSeO as a saturable absorber by a fully dry integration process thanks to the controllable growth of freestanding quaternary BiCuSeO nanoflakes. The corresponding thermodynamic growth mechanism is systemically revealed by electron microscopy and bind‐energy calculation. An electrostatic‐force‐assisted transfer method is developed to avoid damage or chemical contamination. The BiCuSeO‐based femtosecond laser shows decent output performance (pulse width, signal‐noise ratio and repetition rate are 395 fs, 61 dB, 17.1 MHz) with an ultra‐low threshold of 30 mW. The strategy of controllable growth of free‐standing 2D material facilitates a clean interface between the saturable absorber and fibers, which is favorable for high‐performance ultrafast photonic devices.
Engineering Atomic‐Scale Patterning and Resistive Switching in 2D Crystals and Application in Image Processing
Authors: Yin Lei , Cheng Ruiqing , Pan Shurong , Xiong Wenqi , Chang Sheng , Zhai Baoxing , Wen Yao , Cai Yuchen , Guo Yuzheng , Sendeku Marshet Getaye , Jiang Jian , Liao Weitu , Wang Zhenxing , He Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe ultrathin thickness of 2D layered materials affords the control of their properties through defects, surface modification, and electrostatic fields more efficiently compared with bulk architecture. In particular, patterning design, such as moiré superlattice patterns and spatially periodic dielectric structures, are demonstrated to possess the ability to precisely control the local atomic and electronic environment at large scale, thus providing extra degrees of freedom to realize tailored material properties and device functionality. Here, the scalable atomic‐scale patterning in superionic cuprous telluride by using the bonding difference at nonequivalent copper sites is reported. Moreover, benefitting from the natural coupling of ordered and disordered sublattices, controllable piezoelectricity‐like multilevel switching and bipolar switching with the designed crystal structure and electrical contact is realized, and their application in image enhancement is demonstrated. This work extends the known classes of patternable crystals and atomic switching devices, and ushers in a frontier for image processing with memristors.
A Three‐Step Chemoenzymatic Cascade Synthesis of Miconazole Analogues Based on the Asymmetric Synthesis of β‐Heteroaryl Amino Alcohols via Ketoreductases
Authors: Fang Jiali , Xu Yiping , Ren Hanwen , Huang Chenming , Zhang Wenhe , Jia Xian , You Song , Qin Bin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChiral β‐heteroaryl amino alcohols play a crucial role as intermediates in the synthesis of numerous bioactive pharmaceuticals, including cenobamate, oteseconazole, and miconazole. Nevertheless, there is a lack of literature documenting the establishment of a versatile approach for the synthesis of β‐heteroaryl amino alcohols and the aforementioned drugs. In this study, we successfully asymmetrically synthesized 50 pairs of chiral β‐heteroaryl amino alcohols using two engineered ketoreductases (KREDs) with opposite stereopreference. Based on this achievement, we developed a three‐step chemoenzymatic cascade route for synthesizing of chiral miconazole analogues from commercially available 2‐bromoacetophenone derivatives. By optimizing the solvent for the synthesis of α‐imidazolyl ketones in the first step, followed by the reduction of α‐imidazolyl ketones using KREDs in the second step and etherification in the third step, we obtained 20 chiral miconazole analogues with promising yields (26–84%) and impressive stereoselectivities (up to >99% ee). Notably, this route eliminates the need for the isolation of ketone and alcohol intermediates, and avoids the use of metal catalysts in the synthesis of chiral miconazole analogues. Furthermore, we successfully scaled up the preparation of (S)‐miconazole, achieving a 30% isolated yield and >99% ee. This method presents a novel synthetic approach for production chiral ether drugs and chiral β‐heteroaryl amino alcohols, offering new possibilities in pharmaceutical synthesis.
Multifunctional Au@AgBiS2 Nanoparticles as High‐Efficiency Radiosensitizers to Induce Pyroptosis for Cancer Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Xiao Liang , Chen Benjin , Wang Wanni , Tian Tian , Qian Haisheng , Li Xiaohu , Yu Yongqiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRadiotherapy (RT), a widely used clinical treatment modality for cancer, uses high‐energy irradiation for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA damage. However, its therapeutic effect is primarily limited owing to insufficient DNA damage to tumors and harmful effects on normal tissues. Herein, a core‐shell structure of metal–semiconductors (Au@AgBiS2 nanoparticles) that can function as pyroptosis inducers to both kill cancer cells directly and trigger a robust anti‐tumor immune against 4T1 triple‐negative murine breast cancer and metastasis is rationally designed. Metal‐semiconductor composites can enhance the generation of considerable ROS and simultaneously DNA damage for RT sensitization. Moreover, Au@AgBiS2, a pyroptosis inducer, induces caspase‐3 protein activation, gasdermin E cleavage, and the release of damage‐associated molecular patterns. In vivo studies in BALB/c mice reveal that Au@AgBiS2 nanoparticles combined with RT exhibit remarkable antitumor immune activity, preventing tumor growth, and lung metastasis. Therefore, this core‐shell structure is an alternative for designing highly effective radiosensitizers for radioimmunotherapy.
Perspective: Zinc‐Tin Oxide Based Memristors for Sustainable and Flexible In‐Memory Computing Edge Devices
Authors: Silva Carlos , Deuermeier Jonas , Zhang Weidong , Carlos Emanuel , Barquinha Pedro , Martins Rodrigo , Kiazadeh Asal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs the Internet of things (IOT) industry continues to grow with an ever‐increasing number of connected devices, the need for processing large amounts of data in a fast and energy‐efficient way becomes an even more pressing issue. Alternative computation devices such as resistive random access memories (RRAM), or memristors, started taking centre stage as prime candidates to tackle this issue due to their in‐memory computation capabilities. Amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOSs), more specifically eco‐friendly zinc‐tin oxide (ZTO), show great promise as a memristive active material for flexible and sustainable applications due to its low required fabrication temperature, amorphous structure, low‐cost, and critical‐raw‐material‐free composition. In this perspective article, the research progress on ZTO‐based memristors is reviewed in terms of device structure and material compositions. The effects on the electrical performance of the devices are studied. Additionally, neuromorphic and optoelectronic capabilities are analyzed with the objective of finding the best approaches toward implementing these devices in novel computing paradigms.
Nontariff measures and production allocation decisions of cereal farmers in Ghana
Authors: Onumah Edward E. , Martey Edward , Brümmer Bernhard 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing exogenous variation in trade shocks, this study examines the association between nontariff measures and cereal production allocation decisions among commercial farmers in Ghana. We study nontariff measures from both an extensive (experience of nontariff measures) and an intensive (cost of nontariff measures) perspective using a sample of 455 cereal farmers in Ghana. We employ the seemingly (un)related regression (SURE) and the inverse probability weighting with regression adjustment (IPWRA) to estimate the effect of nontariff measures on production allocation decisions. The result shows that nontariff measures are associated with lower cereal production and intensity of cereal commercialization but positively associated with the consumption of cereals. The results are robust after controlling for potential endogeneity using the Lewbel 2SLS. In addition, we find that our results are not likely to be driven by unobserved heterogeneity. We find evidence of consistent and robust estimates of nontariff measures when the IPWRA model is applied and compared to the SURE estimates. Overall, our study shows that nontariff measures can be a depressive pathway to cereal sustainable production and commercialization with associated policy implications for economic development [EconLit Citations: F1, F13, E23, Q13].
Engineering singlet and triplet excitons of TADF emitters by different host‐guest interactions
Authors: Zhang Wei , Kong Jie , An Rui Zhi , Zhang Jiachen , Zhou Yujie , Cui Lin‐Song , Zhou Meng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the host‐guest interactions for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters is critical because the interactions between the host matrices and TADF emitters enable precise control on the optoelectronic performance, whereas technologically manipulating the singlet and triplet excitons by using different kinds of host‐guest interactions remains elusive. Here, we report a comprehensive picture that rationalizes host‐guest interaction‐modulated exciton recombination by using time‐resolved spectroscopy. We found that the early‐time relaxation is accelerated in polar polymer because dipole‐dipole interaction facilitates the stabilization of the 1CT state. However, an opposite trend is observed in longer delay time, and faster decay in the less polar polymer is ascribed to the π‐π interaction that plays the dominant role in the later stage of the excited state. Our findings highlight the technological engineering singlet and triplet excitons using different kinds of host‐guest interactions based on their electronic characteristics.
Novel Furan‐Pyrazole Molecular Hybrids as Prospective Anti‐Neuroinflammatory Agents: Design, Synthesis, and In‐Vitro Screening Thereof
Authors: Mudimela Sowjanya , Janardhanan Saravanan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNeuro‐inflammatory responses lead to various neurodegenerative disorders. A small library of 1H‐pyrazole‐1‐carbothioamidoacetamido)‐furan‐3‐carboxamide molecular hybrids were designed and subjected to molecular docking against two neuroinflammatory targets, HMGB1 (2LY4) and Box A (4QR9) proteins. The in‐silico investigations indicated notable binding of 9 c and 9 d against HMGB1(2LY4), while compounds 9 c, 9 h, and 9 g demonstrated high affinity towards HMGB1 Box A (4QR9) proteins. A total of ten compounds, which showed good binding interactions with the target proteins were selected for further synthesis and evaluated for anti‐neuroinflammatory activity. The compounds, 9 a–j were synthesized by reacting pyrazole‐carbothioamides (iii & iv) with furanyl acetamides (7a–e). FTIR, NMR, and mass spectrometric data confirmed all structures. The in‐vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated on microglial cells BV‐2, N‐9, HMO6, leukemic HAP1 and human fibroblast cells. Notable suppression of anti‐inflammatory markers TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and Bcl‐2 was observed by 9 a–d and 9 f. All derivatives were moderate in potency compared to reference doxorubicin and could act as novel anti‐neuroinflammatory agents. The current discoveries could provide insights for developing novel lead compounds that could target neuroinflammation and related diseases.
Reagent Engineering for Group Transfer Biocatalysis
Authors: Reed John H. , Seebeck Florian P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBiocatalysis has become a major driver in the innovation of preparative chemistry. Enzyme discovery, engineering and computational design have matured to reliable strategies in the development of biocatalytic processes. By comparison, substrate engineering has received much less attention. In this Minireview, we highlight the idea that the design of synthetic reagents may be an equally fruitful and complementary approach to develop novel enzyme‐catalysed group transfer chemistry. This Minireview discusses key examples from the literature that illustrate how synthetic substrates can be devised to improve the efficiency, scalability and sustainability, as well as the scope of such reactions. We also provide an opinion as to how this concept might be further developed in the future, aspiring to replicate the evolutionary success story of natural group transfer reagents, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and S‐adenosyl methionine (SAM).
Mechanistic Evidence of a Ni(0/II/III) Cycle for Nickel Photoredox Amide Arylation
Authors: Bradley Robert D. , McManus Brennan D. , Yam Jessalyn G. , Carta Veronica , Bahamonde Ana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis work demonstrates the dominance of a Ni(0/II/III) cycle for Ni‐photoredox amide arylation, which contrasts with other Ni‐photoredox C‐heteroatom couplings that operate via Ni(I/III) self‐sustained cycles. The kinetic data gathered when using different Ni precatalysts supports an initial Ni(0)‐mediated oxidative addition into the aryl bromide. Using NiCl2 as the precatalyst resulted in an observable induction period, which was found to arise from a photochemical activation event to generate Ni(0) and to be prolonged by unproductive comproportionation between the Ni(II) precatalyst and the in situ generated Ni(0) active species. Ligand exchange after oxidative addition yields a Ni(II) aryl amido complex, which was identified as the catalyst resting state for the reaction. Stoichiometric experiments showed that oxidation of this Ni(II) aryl amido intermediate was required to yield functionalized amide products. The kinetic data presented supports a rate‐limiting photochemically‐mediated Ni(II/III) oxidation to enable C−N reductive elimination. An alternative Ni(I/III) self‐sustained manifold was discarded based on EPR and kinetic measurements. The mechanistic insights uncovered herein will inform the community on how subtle changes in Ni‐photoredox reaction conditions may impact the reaction pathway, and have enabled us to include aryl chlorides as coupling partners and to reduce the Ni loading by 20‐fold without any reactivity loss.
The effect of structural variations of heteroleptic Cu(II) complexes of tri‐dentate unsymmetrical Schiff‐base main ligands with pyridine or bithiazole co‐ligands on molecular docking against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its Omicron variant main proteases
Authors: Ghasemi Liana , Behzad Mahdi , Abedi Anita , Khaleghian Ali 
Published: September 2023

Meso‐1,2‐diphenyl‐1,2‐ethylenediamine was reacted with salicylaldehyde derivatives, copper(II) perchlorate, and pyridine to produce various four‐coordinated heteroleptic [Cu (SBn)(py)]ClO4 (n = 1–4) complexes. Ligand exchange of the monodentate pyridine with bidentate 2,2′‐dimethyl‐4,4′‐bithiazole (BTZ) produced other new series of five‐coordinated [Cu (SBna)(BTZ)]ClO4 complexes. Elemental analysis, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy were used to identify the complexes. The crystal structures of 1a and 2a were also determined by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography (SCXRC). The inhibitory potential of these complexes against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its omicron variant main proteases (PDB IDs: 6LU7 and 7TLL, respectively) was investigated by means of molecular‐docking modeling. According to the estimated free binding energy (EFBE), the order of binding energies were (3) > (3a) > (1a) > (1) > (2a) > (4a) > (4) > (2) for 6LU7 and (1a) > (3) > (1) > (4) > (2) > (4a) > (2a) > (3a) for 7TLL. The complexes (1a) for 6LU7 and (3) for 7TLL with electronegative Br substituents were at the top of the series and had the most negative ΔGbinding. The EFBE of four conventional corona‐virus medicines, that is, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone, and AstraZeneca were also obtained and compared with the synthesized complexes. The EFBE of the complexes were comparable to standard drugs.
Polymerization of isoprene, myrcene, and butadiene catalyzed by cobalt complexes supported with 2‐acetyl‐6‐iminopyridine ligand
Authors: You Jingyu , Chen Binghui , Gong Dirong 
Published: September 2023

Cobalt complexes carrying 2‐acetyl‐6‐iminopyridine ligand are synthesized and characterized. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction reveals the cobalt ion is chelated with two nitrogen atoms and an acetyl oxygen atom additionally. A significant prolonged Co–O distance (2.3960(57) Å) is found, indicative of a labile character. Activated by diethylchloroaluminum, all complexes show high conversion rates for isoprene and myrcene polymerizations, affording cis‐1,4/3,4 regulated 1,3‐diene polymers. The polymerization of butadiene, interestingly, gives predominant cis‐1,4 selectivity (>99.2%) with moderate activity. The substituent at ortho‐position of arylimine plays a minor role in controlling activity and selectivity as well as the molecular weight of the resultant polymers. The properties of resultant poly(1,3‐diene)s are stable even in a wide range of operational conditions, such as [Al]/[Co] varied from 20 to 600, temperature spanning from 0°C to 60°C, and monomer–catalyst ratio from 1000 to 4000. These additional benefits of minimum fluctuation in catalytic performances may be suitable for industrial polymerization process.