bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Biomedical Research Software FAIR: Actionable Step-by-step Guidelines with a User-support Tool
Authors: Patel Bhavesh , Soundarajan Sanjay , Ménager Hervé , Hu Zicheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFindable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) guiding principles tailored for research software have been proposed by the FAIR for Research Software (FAIR4RS) Working Group. They provide a foundation for optimizing the reuse of research software. The FAIR4RS principles are, however, aspirational and do not provide practical instructions to the researchers. To fill this gap, we propose in this work the first actionable step-by-step guidelines for biomedical researchers to make their research software compliant with the FAIR4RS principles. We designate them as the FAIR Biomedical Research Software (FAIR-BioRS) guidelines. Our process for developing these guidelines, presented here, is based on an in-depth study of the FAIR4RS principles and a thorough review of current practices in the field. To support researchers, we have also developed a workflow that streamlines the process of implementing these guidelines. This workflow is incorporated in FAIRshare, a free and open-source software application aimed at simplifying the curation and sharing of FAIR biomedical data and software through user-friendly interfaces and automation. Details about this tool are also presented.
Synthesis, description, and application of novel corrosion inhibitors for CS AISI1095 in 1.0 M HCl based on benzoquinoline derivatives
Authors: Sayed Ali G. , Ashmawy Ashraf M. , Elgammal Walid E. , Hassan Saber M. , Deyab M. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to synthesize and evaluate the corrosion inhibition properties of three newly prepared organic compounds based on benzo[h]quinoline hydrazone derivatives. The compounds structure were characterised using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Electrochemical methods, including Potentiodynamic Polarization (PP), Electrochemical Frequency Modulation (EFM), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to evaluate the compounds as corrosion inhibitors in HCl (1.0 M) for carbon steel (CS). Additionally, surface examination techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to investigate the surface morphology and elemental composition of the CS before and after exposure to the synthesized compounds. The electrochemical measurements showed that compound VII achieved corrosion inhibition efficiency. SEM and EDX analysis further confirmed the creation of a passive film on the CS surface. These findings demonstrated the potential of benzo[h]quinoline hydrazone derivatives as effective organic corrosion inhibitors for CS in aggressive solution.
Association between the accumulation of elevated serum γ-glutamyltransferase level and risk of atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Jeon Won Kyeong , Lee So-Ryoung , Han Kyung-Do , Choi Eue-Keun , Oh Seil , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. The association between AF and γ-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) was not fully established. This study demonstrated the independent association of cumulative GGT score and AF incidence with the dose-response relationship. Using the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation database, adult subjects who had 4 consecutive annual health examinations from 2009 to 2012 were enrolled. A cumulative GGT score was calculated as the cumulative number of the highest GGT quartile amongst four examinations (0–4 times). A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed. Among a total of 3,500,847 people included, AF was developed in 27,752 people (0.793%) during a median of 8.0 years of follow up. The incidence rate of AF and adjusted hazard ratio were increased by a stepwise manner in the higher quartile group and cumulative GGT score group. In subgroup analysis, this trend was more prominent in the elderly, people without hypertension, non-obese people, and people without any four comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity). Our results suggest multiple accumulation of elevated GGT levels in health examination might be a useful marker for risk stratification of AF development, especially in the elderly and healthy population.
The ram cichlid (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi) learns an associative task: a new fish species for memory research
Authors: Tsang Benjamin , Venditti Veronica , Javier Celina Micaela , Gerlai Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFish are the most species rich and evolutionarily oldest vertebrate taxon. This represents opportunities for biologists who intend to employ laboratory animals in their comparative or translational research. Yet, the overwhelming majority of such studies use a single fish species, the zebrafish, a suboptimal strategy from the comparative standpoint. Neuronal plasticity (learning and memory) is perhaps one of the most complex biological phenomena from a mechanistic standpoint, and thus its analysis could benefit from the use of evolutionarily ancient and simple vertebrate model organisms, i.e., fish species. However, learning & memory research with the zebrafish has been replete with problems. Here, we employ a novel fish species, the ram cichlid, we argue will be particularly appropriate for this purpose for practical as well as ethological/ecological reasons. First, we investigate whether the ram cichlid exhibits innate preference for certain colours (red, blue, yellow or green) in a four-choice task, the plus maze. Subsequently, we pair the apparently least preferred colour (green, the conditioned stimulus or CS) with food reward (the unconditioned stimulus, US) in the plus maze, a CS–US associative learning task. After eight pairing trials, we run a probe trial during which only the CS is presented. At this trial, we find significant preference to the CS, i.e., acquisition of memory of CS–US association. We argue that our proof-of-concept study demonstrating fast acquisition of CS–US association in the ram cichlid, coupled with the universal utility of some genome editing methods, will facilitate the mechanistic analysis of learning and memory.
Hypoglycemia measured by flash glucose monitoring system predicts liver-related events in chronic liver disease patients
Authors: Sasaki Ryu , Taura Naota , Nakao Yasuhiko , Fukushima Masanori , Haraguchi Masafumi , Miuma Satoshi , Miyaaki Hisamitsu , Nakao Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImpaired glucose tolerance, glucose fluctuations, and hypoglycemia have been observed in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). The flash glucose monitoring (FGM) system, which recognises continuous and dynamic glucose changes in real time, is used in daily clinical practice. This study aimed to examine the association between glucose fluctuations and hypoglycemia, as measured by the FGM system, and liver-related events. Seventy-two patients with CLD and type 2 DM who had their blood glucose measured using Freestyle Libre Pro between April 2017 and July 2018 at our institution were enrolled in this retrospective study. We assessed the results of the FGM system measurements and liver-related events, as defined by gastrointestinal bleeding, infection, ascites, encephalopathy, and liver-related death. The standard deviation (SD) of mean glucose as measured by the FGM system was 41.55 mg/dl, and hypoglycemia was observed in 48.6% (35/72) of the patients. Liver-related event-free survival was not significant when stratified based on SD; however, the event-free survival was significantly lower when stratified by hypoglycemia (p = 0.007). In a multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model, Child–Pugh class B [Hazards ratio (HR) 2.347 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.042–5.283), p = 0.039] and hypoglycemia [HR 2.279 (95% CI: 1.064–4.881), p = 0.034] were identified as factors contributing to event-free survival. Hypoglycemia, as determined by the FGM system, was identified as a significant factor that was closely associated with liver-related events. In addition to measuring glucose levels, the FGM system is useful in predicting the occurrence of liver-related events.
Changes in atmospheric oxidants over Arctic Ocean atmosphere: evidence of oxygen isotope anomaly in nitrate aerosols
Authors: Zhang Yanlin , Zhao Zhuyu , Cao Fang , Song Wenhuai , Lin Yuchi , Fan Meiyi , Yu Haoran , Li Hanyu , Hong Yihang , Gao Meng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOxygen isotope anomaly of nitrate aerosol (∆17O-NO3−) contributes to understanding the atmospheric nitrogen chemistry in the polar oceans. Here, ∆17O-NO3−of the aerosol samples was analyzed based on a cruise from East Asia to the Arctic Ocean to explore the nitrate formation mechanisms. ∆17O-NO3−decreased with the increase of latitude, especially when after entering the Arctic Circle. ∆17O-NO3−(e.g., 11.5‰–21.2‰) was extremely low while crossing the sea ice-covered Arctic Ocean. This is most likely influenced by the combined enhancement of hydroxyl (OH) and peroxy (HO2 + RO2) radicals derived by sea ice under permanent sunlight period. In addition, the obvious increase in the ∆17O-NO3−of return trip with shortened daytime indicated the advantage of nocturnal pathways (NO3related) with the higher ∆17O endmembers. The mutation of ∆17O-NO3−can reflect the change of NOxconversion pathways to nitrate, and it can be more sensitive to the change of radical chemistry related to atmospheric oxidation.
Using AI to measure Parkinson’s disease severity at home
Authors: Islam Md Saiful , Rahman Wasifur , Abdelkader Abdelrahman , Lee Sangwu , Yang Phillip T. , Purks Jennifer Lynn , Adams Jamie Lynn , Schneider Ruth B. , Dorsey Earl Ray , Hoque Ehsan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present an artificial intelligence (AI) system to remotely assess the motor performance of individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). In our study, 250 global participants performed a standardized motor task involving finger-tapping in front of a webcam. To establish the severity of Parkinsonian symptoms based on the finger-tapping task, three expert neurologists independently rated the recorded videos on a scale of 0–4, following the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). The inter-rater reliability was excellent, with an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.88. We developed computer algorithms to obtain objective measurements that align with the MDS-UPDRS guideline and are strongly correlated with the neurologists’ ratings. Our machine learning model trained on these measures outperformed two MDS-UPDRS certified raters, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.58 points compared to the raters’ average MAE of 0.83 points. However, the model performed slightly worse than the expert neurologists (0.53 MAE). The methodology can be replicated for similar motor tasks, providing the possibility of evaluating individuals with PD and other movement disorders remotely, objectively, and in areas with limited access to neurological care.
The structure of plastocyanin tunes the midpoint potential by restricting axial ligation of the reduced copper ion
Authors: Mammoser Claire C. , LeMasters Brynn E. , Edwards Sydney G. , McRae Emma M. , Mullins M. Hunter , Wang Yiqi , Garcia Nicholas M. , Edmonds Katherine A. , Giedroc David P. , Thielges Megan C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBlue copper proteins are models for illustrating how proteins tune metal properties. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which the protein controls the metal site remain to be fully elucidated. A hindrance is that the closed shell Cu(I) site is inaccessible to most spectroscopic analyses. Carbon deuterium (C-D) bonds used as vibrational probes afford nonperturbative, selective characterization of the key cysteine and methionine copper ligands in both redox states. The structural integrity of Nostoc plastocyanin was perturbed by disrupting potential hydrogen bonds between loops of the cupredoxin fold via mutagenesis (S9A, N33A, N34A), variably raising the midpoint potential. The C-D vibrations show little change to suggest substantial alteration to the Cu(II) coordination in the oxidized state or in the Cu(I) interaction with the cysteine ligand. They rather indicate, along with visible and NMR spectroscopy, that the methionine ligand distinctly interacts more strongly with the Cu(I) ion, in line with the increases in midpoint potential. Here we show that the protein structure determines the redox properties by restricting the interaction between the methionine ligand and Cu(I) in the reduced state.
Design rules for optimization of photophysical and kinetic properties of azoarene photoswitches
Authors: Adrion Daniel M. , Lopez Steven A. 
Published: August 2023

The E-isomer λmax and Z-isomer t1/2 have been simultaneously optimized for a set of 26 hemi-azothiophenes. We found that by incorporating cross-conjugated thiophenes and additional π-conjugation, these two properties can be leveraged.
Ultrafine Ni12P5 nanoparticle-embedded carbon with abundant catalytic activity sites as separator modifiers in high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Li Yiqian , Hao Yuehan , Ali Usman , Liu Bingqiu , Zhang Qi , Jin Zhanshuang , Li Lu , Wang Chungang , Zhang Lingyu 
Published: August 2023

Ultrafine Ni12P5 nanoparticle-embedded carbon nanospheres are used as separator modifiers for Li–S batteries. The uNi12P5/C//PP modified separator can effectively trap polysulfides by polar interaction and enhance the kinetic conversion of LiPSs.
Finite‐time observer and current sharing control for disturbance compensation of parallel H‐bridge converters
Authors: Chen Tao , Fang Qiansheng , Yang Yalong , Wu Zhengtian , Zhang Xiuqing , Huang Liansheng , Chen Xiaojiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBoth electric vehicles and Tokamak power supply use multiple parallel converters to realize high current operation in four quadrants. A finite‐time current sharing control algorithm based on disturbance compensation is proposed to improve the converter system's dynamic and steady‐state performance so that the system can achieve the required load current and branch‐current sharing in a finite time. In the proposed algorithm, this paper adopts a finite‐time observer for unknown disturbances in the converter system and load circuit due to disturbances, such as unknown inductance and resistance in the converter system. The results show that the load current control overshoot is minimal, and the dynamic performance of each branch current is higher than the traditional control algorithm.A finite‐time current sharing control algorithm based on disturbance compensation is proposed so that the converter system can achieve the required load current and branch current sharing in a finite time.
Atomic data and expansion opacity calculations in two representative 4d transition elements, niobium and silver, of interest for kilonovae studies
Authors: Ben Nasr S. , Carvajal Gallego H. , Deprince J. , Palmeri P. , Quinet P. 
Published: August 2023

Aims. Neutron star (NS) mergers are thought to be a source of heavy trans-iron element production. The latter can be detected in the spectra of the ejected materials, from which bright electromagnetic radiation is emitted. This latter is due to the radioactive decay of the produced heavy r-process nuclei and is known as kilonova. Because of their complex atomic structures – characterized by configurations involving unfilled nd or nf subshells – the heavy elements of the kilonova ejecta often give rise to numerous absorption lines generating significant opacities. The determination of the latter, which are of paramount importance for the analysis of kilonova light curves, requires knowledge of the radiative parameters of the spectral lines belonging to the ions expected to be present in the kilonova ejecta. The aim of the present work is to provide new atomic opacity data for two representative 4d elements, niobium (Nb) and silver (Ag), in their first four charge states, namely for Nb I–IV and Ag I–IV.
Methods. Large-scale calculations based on the pseudo-relativistic Hartree-Fock (HFR) method were performed to obtain the atomic structure and radiative parameters while the expansion formalism was used to estimate the opacities.
Results. Wavelengths and oscillator strengths were computed for several million spectral lines in Nb I–IV and Ag I–IV ions. The reliability of these parameters was estimated by comparison with the few previously published experimental and theoretical results. The newly obtained atomic data were then used to calculate expansion opacities for typical kilonova conditions expected one day after NS merger, a density of ρ = 10−13 g cm−3, and temperatures ranging from T = 5000 K to T =15 000 K.
A review of planetary systems around HD 99492, HD 147379, and HD 190007 with HARPS-N
Authors: Stalport M. , Cretignier M. , Udry S. , John A. Anna , Wilson T. G. , Delisle J.-B. , Bonomo A. S. , Buchhave L. A. , Charbonneau D. , Dalal S. , Damasso M. , Di Fabrizio L. , Dumusque X. , Fiorenzano A. , Harutyunyan A. , Haywood R. D. , Latham D. W. , López-Morales M. , Lorenzi V. , Lovis C. , Malavolta L. , Molinari E. , Mortier A. , Pedani M. , Pepe F. , Pinamonti M. , Poretti E. , Rice K. , Sozzetti A. 
Published: August 2023

Context. The Rocky Planet Search (RPS) program is dedicated to a blind radial velocity (RV) search of planets around bright stars in the northern hemisphere, using the high-resolution echelle spectrograph HARPS-N installed on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG).
Aims. The goal of this work is to revise and update the properties of three planetary systems by analysing the HARPS-N data with state-of-the-art stellar activity mitigation tools. The stars considered are HD 99492 (83Leo B), HD 147379 (Gl617 A), and HD 190007.
Methods. We employ a systematic process of data modelling, which we selected from the comparison of different approaches. We use YARARA to remove instrumental systematics from the RV, and then use SPLEAF to further mitigate the stellar noise with a multidimensional correlated noise model. We also search for transit features in the Transiting Exoplanets Survey Satellite (TESS) data of these stars.
Results. We report on the discovery of a new planet around HD 99492, namely HD 99492 c, with an orbital period of 95.2 days and a minimum mass of m sin i = 17.9 M⊕, and refine the parameters of HD 99492 b. We also update and refine the Keplerian solutions for the planets around HD 147379 and HD 190007, but do not detect additional planetary signals. We discard the transiting geometry for the planets, but stress that TESS did not exhaustively cover all the orbital phases.
Conclusions. The addition of the HARPS-N data, and the use of advanced data analysis tools, has allowed us to present a more precise view of these three planetary systems. It demonstrates once again the importance of long observational efforts such as the RPS program. Added to the RV exoplanet sample, these planets populate two apparently distinct populations revealed by a bimodality in the planets’ minimum mass distribution. The separation is located between 30 and 50 M⊕.
Stochastic star formation in early galaxies: Implications for the James Webb Space Telescope
Authors: Pallottini A. , Ferrara A. 
Published: August 2023

Contact. The star formation rate (SFR) in high-redshift galaxies is expected due to competing physical processes. This stochastic variability might boost the luminosity of galaxies and might explain the over-abundance seen at z ≳ 10 by the James Webb Space Telescope.
Aims. We quantify the amplitude and timescales of this variability and identify the key physical processes.
Methods. We selected 245 z = 7.7 galaxies with stellar mass 5 × 106 ≲ M⋆/M⊙ ≲ 5 × 1010 from SERRA, which is a suite of high-resolution radiation-hydrodynamic cosmological simulations. After fitting the average SFR trend, ⟨SFR⟩, we quantified the time-dependent variation, δ(t)≡log[SFR/⟨SFR⟩],  for each system and performed a periodogram analysis to search for periodicity modulations.
Results. We find that δ(t) is distributed as a zero-mean Gaussian, with standard deviation σδ ≃ 0.24 (corresponding to a UV magnitude s.d. σUV ≃ 0.61) that is independent of M⋆. However, the modulation timescale increases with stellar mass: tδ ∼ (9, 50, 100) Myr for M⋆ ∼ (0.1, 1, 5)×109 M⊙, respectively. These timescales are imprinted on the SFR by different processes: (i) photoevaporation, (ii) supernova explosions, and (iii) cosmological accretion/merging dominating in low-, intermediate-, and high-mass systems, respectively.
Conclusions. The predicted SFR variations cannot account for the required z ≳ 10 UV luminosity function boost. Other processes, such as radiation-driven outflows clearing the dust, must then be invoked to explain the enhanced luminosity of super-early systems.
Hypercholesterinämie – Wen, wann, wie behandeln?
Authors: Merkel Martin 
Published: August 2023

Was ist neu?
LDL-Cholesterin und Arteriosklerose In den letzten Jahren haben klinisch wissenschaftliche Daten zu LDL-Cholesterin und Arteriosklerose zu immer niedrigeren LDL-Cholesterin-Zielwerten und zur Ausweitung der Indikation für eine medikamentöse Lipidtherapie auf immer größere Bevölkerungs- bzw. Patientengruppen geführt.
Kardiovaskuläres Risiko und Therapieziele Bei der Einschätzung des kardiovaskulären Risikos von Patienten werden neben z.B. vorbestehender kardiovaskulärer Erkrankung, familiärer Hypercholesterinämie und Typ-II-Diabetes auch Typ-I-Diabetes, diabetische Folgeerkrankungen, Niereninsuffizienz und subklinische Arteriosklerose berücksichtigt.
Lipidologische Therapie zur kardiovaskulären Risikoreduktion Zur Berechnung des kardiovaskulären Risikos in der Primärprävention wurden die Kalkulatoren SCORE2 und SCORE-OP neu entwickelt. Eine diätetische Intervention gehört an den Anfang jeder lipidsenkenden Therapie. Bempedoinsäure und Inclisiran stellen neue medikamentöse Therapieoptionen dar.
Therapeutisches Vorgehen Nach der Anamnese erfolgt die Zielwertsetzung und die stufenweise Aufdosierung eines Statins. Nach 6–12 Wochen wird diese Therapie ggf. mit einem ACL-Inhibitor kombiniert, um die Wirkung zu verstärken.
Verbrennungschirurgie
Authors: Schmidt Sonja , Drysch Marius , Lehnhardt Marcus 
Published: August 2023

Was ist neu?
Prognoseeinschätzung Bei Brandverletzten sollte rechtzeitig
überprüft werden, ob eine Indikation zur Verlegung in ein Schwerbrandverletztenzentrum
vorliegt, um die Behandlung nicht zu verzögern. Die Einschätzung des Verbrennungsausmaßes
(VKOF) kann entweder über die Neuner-Regel nach Wallace oder über die Handflächenregel
bestimmt werden.
Flüssigkeitssubstitution Im Verlauf muss die initiale
Flüssigkeitstherapie immer wieder reevaluiert und angepasst werden, um eine Überwässerung oder
auch zu geringe Substitution zu vermeiden.
Die Brandverletzung und die verschiedenen Verbrennungsgrade
Oberflächliche Verbrennungen (erst- und IIa-gradig) können narbenfrei abheilen. Ab einer
IIb-gradigen Verletzung sollte eine operative Therapie oder die Behandlung mittels spezieller
Wundauflagen erwogen werden. Die Verbrennungswunde kann nach Jackson in 3 Zonen eingeteilt
werden. In der Stasezone kann es zum sogenannten „Nachbrennen“ der Wunde kommen. Bei größeren
Wunden gilt, die Verbrennungstiefe in den Tagen nach dem Unfall zu reevaluieren.
Therapie der Verbrennungswunden Bei aufliegendem
Verbrennungsschorf oder nekrotischem Gewebe sollte eine Nekrektomie durchgeführt werden:
enzymatisch mittels Nexobrid: selektive Entfernung des Eschars, tangential mittels
Weck-Messer: schichtweise Entfernung des Gewebes bis zum vitalen Wundgrund, epifaszial mittels
Monopolar oder Skalpell: Resektion des gesamten Gewebes bis auf die Muskelfaszie. Neben
diversen Wundauflagen gibt es einige Möglichkeiten zur definitiven autologen
Hautrekonstruktion: Spalthaut, Vollhaut, Meeks, kultivierte Keratinozyten.