bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opportunities and Challenges for the Utilization of Cervical Screening Among Women Living in Mekelle, Tigray Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Adane Shewit , Zenebe Kahsay Mekdes , Asrat Mekdes , Haftu Abera , Hagos Hadagay , Hagos Asefa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in Ethiopia. Despite the recommendations by different national and international organizations for cervical cancer screening, service utilization remains low. Besides, the existing few studies are unable to explore the lived experiences of women on cervical cancer screening.
Objective: To explore the opportunities and challenges for cervical cancer screening among women living in Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2021 GC.
Methodology: Phenomenological study design was employed and women who are married, had a history of childbirth, are native Tigrigna speakers, and had lived at least six months in the study area were interviewed. Data was collected using in-depth interview guide and a total of fifteen in-depth interviews were conducted. Audios were transcribed first and translated to English version then after, code book was developed. Then data was imported to ATLAS ti 7 software and using the software codes were categorized, themes and families were identified. Finally, data was analyzed using thematic analysis.
Result: In this study a total of fifteen women were interviewed and their minimum and maximum age were 32&47 years respectively. Opportunities and challenges were explored from the participants’ perspective; they explained that health extension workers, access for information, and seeing screened and treated women were among opportunities for cervical cancer screening and in the counterpart carelessness, less awareness and embarrassment were the challenges mentioned by the respondents which were recognized as obstacles not to attend cervical cancer screening. They explained that again failure to attend cervical cancer screening may end up with infertility and death.
Conclusion and recommendation: Health extension workers, access for information and seeing screened and treated women were opportunities to utilize cervical cancer screening whereas carelessness, less awareness and embarrassment were challenges that hinders screening for cervical cancer. As cervical cancer screening service is very important in protecting and promoting women’s life, the health system should give emphasis to scale up screening for cervical cancer in order to prevent morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer by mobilizing both the community members and health professionals.
Distribution of global sea turtle nesting explained from regional-scale coastal characteristics
Authors: Christiaanse Jakob C. , Antolínez José A. A. , Luijendijk Arjen P. , Athanasiou Panagiotis , Duarte Carlos M. , Aarninkhof Stefan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Climate change and human activity threaten sea turtle nesting beaches through increased flooding and erosion. Understanding the environmental characteristics that enable nesting can aid to preserve and expand these habitats. While numerous local studies exist, a comprehensive global analysis of environmental influences on the distribution of sea turtle nesting habitats remains largely unexplored. Here, we relate global sea turtle nesting distribution to 22 coastal indicators, spanning hydrodynamic, atmospheric, geophysical, habitat, and human processes. Using state-of-the-art global datasets and a novel 50-km-resolution hexagonal coastline grid (Coastgons), we employ machine learning to identify spatially homogeneous patterns in the indicators and correlate these to the occurrence of nesting grounds. Our findings suggest sea surface temperature, tidal range, extreme surges, and proximity to coral and seagrass habitats significantly influence global nesting distribution. Low tidal ranges and low extreme surges appear to be particularly favorable for individual species, likely due to reduced nest flooding. Other indicators, previously reported as influential (e.g., precipitation and wind speed), were not as important in our global-scale analysis. Finally, we identify new, potentially suitable nesting regions for each species, showing that on average 23% of global coastal regions between -37◦ and 48◦ latitude could be suitable for nesting, while only 6% is currently used by turtles. Our results help identify suitable nesting conditions, quantify potential hazards to global nesting habitats, and lay a foundation for nature-based solutions to preserve and potentially expand these habitats.
Cell-free scaffold for regenerating defective bile ducts
Authors: Miyazawa Mitsuo , Aikawa Masayasu , Takashima Junpei , Kobayashi Hirotoshi , Ohnishi Shunsuke , Ikada Yoshito 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Much research has focussed on restoring the defective part of the gastrointestinal tract, which is considered the best way to preserve function. However, to date, no method for reconstructing the gastrointestinal tract has been developed. Here, we report a bile duct replacement method that does not require cell culture and that replaces defective bile ducts thus enabling bile duct regeneration without stenosis. The bioabsorbable bile duct substitute (BDS) (artificial bile duct (ABD); absorption period of 6–8 weeks) that we have developed is capable of reliably regenerating bile ducts, including Y-shaped bile ducts, without attaching cells to the ABD, and it can regenerate the bile duct without stenosis. Bile duct regeneration occurred in the lateral part of the ABD after the ABD passed into the duodenum. Immature cells that regenerated the bile ducts adhered to the outside of the ABD, and the adhered cell clusters formed peribiliary glands, which regenerated as mature bile duct epithelium. Furthermore, cells that adhered to the outside of the ABD regenerated bile duct epithelial cells, peribiliary glands, and fibromuscular layers into structures similar to those of the native bile duct. These results indicate that the use of this bioabsorbable BDS to restore the bile duct is a minimally invasive treatment that preserves function in the hepato-biliary-pancreatic area.
Equal Tax and Equal Compensation: A Fair and Efficient Way to Save Climate
Authors: Jin Jim , Kobayashi Shinji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

An international agreement is essential for saving our climate but has not been reached due to disagreements between developed and developing countries. We propose a global GHG tax combined with equal compensation to everyone. It follows from two principles of fairness: (i) to penalize GHG emissions equally because of their equal damage; (ii) to compensate everyone equally because of their equal rights. It is Pareto efficient, i.e., motivating every country to maximize world welfare. It benefits countries with current per capita emissions lower than the world average, i.e., benefiting most people in the world. Although not a Pareto improvement over the status quo, it makes every country better off compared with a fair benchmark where current emissions are duly penalized and compensated. We also demonstrate that subsidizing emission reductions by a poll tax on everyone can maximize world welfare and benefit every country over the status quo but is unfair.
Applying a New Trigonometric Radial Basis Function Approximation in Solving Nonlinear Vibration Problems
Authors: Rostami Hossein Talebi , Najafabadi Maryam Fallah , Ganji Davood Domiri 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study introduces a semi-analytical New Trigonometric Radial Basis Function (NTRBF) method for solving strongly nonlinear differential equations in vibration problems. The method uses a particular trigonometric function to deal with differential equations in an extraordinary and original approach. It was compared to four different problems, including the Global Residue Harmonic Balance Method (GRHBM) in solving circular sector oscillator problem, the Continuous Piecewise Linearization method (CPLM) in solving strong nonlinear differential equation of a tapered beam, the Differential Transform Method (DTM) to solve centrifugal rotating frame motion, and Akbari-Ganji's Method (AGM) to solve Duffing-type nonlinear oscillator. These problems were solved in different conditions. The plots and tables represent both cumulative and maximum errors between the NTRBF and other methods, which use the numerical 4th-order Runge-Kutta method as a benchmark for accuracy. The outcomes prove the high accuracy and efficiency of the innovative technique and its unique capability in solving various nonlinear vibration problems.
Disruption of the white matter structural network in patients with hemifacial spasm and changes after microvascular decompression
Authors: Lv Kuan , Zhang Chuanpeng , Liu Bing , Yang Aocai , Luan Jixin , Hu Pianpian , Yao Zeshan , Liu Jiang , Ma Guolin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a syndrome characterized by involuntary contractions of the facial muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve. Currently, microvascular decompression (MVD) is an effective treatment for HFS. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a non-invasive advanced magnetic resonance technique that allows us to reconstruct white matter (WM) virtually based on water diffusion direction. This enables us to model the human brain as a complex network using graph theory. In our study, we recruited 32 patients with HFS and 32 healthy controls to analyze and compare the topological organization of whole-brain white matter networks between the groups. We also explored the potential relationships between altered topological properties and clinical scale scores. Compared to HC group, the white matter network was disrupted in both preoperative and postoperative groups of HFS patients, mainly located in the somatomotor network, limbic network and default network. There was no significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative groups. There was a correlation between the altered topological properties and clinical scale scores in the postoperative group of patients. Our findings indicate that in HFS, the white matter structural network was disrupted before and after MVD, and these alterations were correlated with the clinical symptoms. It is suggested that these which may be some potential neuroimaging biomarkers for HFS.
Personal exposure to source-specific particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and systemic inflammation: A cross-sectional study of urban-dwelling older adults in China
Authors: Xu Jia , Zhang Nan , Fu Yucong , Zhang Yujuan , Li Penghui , Han Jinbao , Gao Shuang , Wang Xinhua , Geng Chunmei , Yang Wen , Zhang Liwen , Han Bin , Bai Zhipeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Environmental exposure to atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can disturb the immune response. However, the evidence on adverse health effects caused by exposing to PAHs emitted from various sources among different vulnerable subpopulation is limited. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether exposure to source-specific PAHs could increase the level of systemic inflammation in older adults. The present study included 101 community-dwelling older adults and collected filter samples personal exposure to PM2.5 during the winter of 2011 in Tianjin, China. We collected blood samples after the PM2.5 sample collection, and analyzed PM2.5 bound PAHs and serum inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) levels. The Positive Matrix Factorization model was applied to distinguish PAHs sources. We used a linear regression model to assess the relative effects of source-specific PM2.5 bound PAHs on the levels of measured inflammatory cytokines. The key finding lies on that after controlling for confounders, the levels of systemic inflammation were adversely affected by exposing to most PAHs sources, especially the biomass burning or diesel vehicle emission. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in the concentration of PAHs originated from biomass burning could significantly increase the level of IL1β (16.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7%, 29.8%) and IL6 (13.0%, 95% CI: 0.3%, 27.3%), and an IQR increase in PAHs contributed by diesel vehicle emission was significantly associated with the increase of IL6 levels (12.7%, 95% CI: 0.1%, 26.9%). The stratified analysis revealed that non-smokers were more susceptible to the PAHs emitted from biomass burning and diesel emission. In summary, exposure to PAHs from certain specific sources of PAHs may significantly enhance systemic inflammation in the elderly. These findings highlight the importance of considering exposure sources in epidemiological studies and that of controlling exposures to organic materials from specific sources.
A real-world study of treatment patterns following disease progression in epithelial ovarian cancer patients undergoing poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor maintenance therapy
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zheng Hong , Gao Yunong , Shu Tong , Wang Hongguo , Cai Yan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of subsequent therapy after poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor maintenance treatment has raised concerns. Retrospective studies show worse outcomes for platinum-based chemotherapy after progression of PARP inhibitor-maintenance therapy, especially in BRCA-mutant patients. We aimed to describe subsequent therapy in ovarian cancer patients after PARP inhibitor-maintenance therapy and evaluate their response to treatment. We focused on chemotherapy for patients with a progression-free interval (PFI) of ≥ 6 months after prior platinum treatment, based on BRCA status.
Methods
We analyzed real-world data from Peking University Cancer Hospital, including patients who received subsequent therapy after progression to PARP inhibitor-maintenance therapy for epithelial ovarian cancer between January 2016 and December 2022. Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes were extracted from medical records. The last follow-up was in May 2023.
Results
A total of 102 patients were included, of which 29 (28.4%) had a germline BRCA1/2 mutation and 73 (71.6%) exhibited BRCA1/2 wild-type mutations. The PARP inhibitors used were Olaparib (n = 62, 60.8%), Niraparib (n = 35, 34.3%), and others (n = 5, 4.9%). The overall response rate (ORR) was 41.2%, and the median time to second progression (mTTSP) was 8.1 months (95%CI 5.8–10.2). Of 91 platinum-sensitive patients (PFI ≥ 6 months) after progression to PARP inhibitor-maintenance therapy, 65 patients subsequently received platinum regimens. Among them, 30 had received one line of chemotherapy before PARP inhibitor-maintenance therapy. Analysis of these 30 patients by BRCA status showed an ORR of 16.7% versus 33.3% and mTTSP of 7.1 (95% CI 4.9–9.1) versus 6.2 months (95% CI 3.7–8.3, P = 0.550), for BRCA-mutant and wild-type patients, respectively. For the remaining 35 patients who had received two or more lines of chemotherapy before PARP inhibitor-maintenance therapy, ORR was 57.1% versus 42.9%, and mTTSP was 18.0 (95% CI 5.0–31.0) versus 8.0 months (95% CI 4.9–11.1, P = 0.199), for BRCA-mutant and wild-type patients, respectively.
Conclusion
No differences in survival outcomes were observed among patients with different BRCA statuses. Furthermore, for patients who had undergone two or more lines of chemotherapy before PARP inhibitor maintenance therapy, no negative effects of PARP inhibitors on subsequent treatment were found, regardless of BRCA status.
Overexpression of SOCS2 Inhibits EMT and M2 Macrophage Polarization
in Cervical Cancer via IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Li Dan , Huang Yandan , Wei Min , Chen Bin , Lu Yan 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
SOCS2 is a member of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) protein
family associated with the occurrence and development of multiple cancers. This study revealed
the expression and molecular mechanisms of SOCS2 in cervical cancer.

Methods:
In this study, RT-qPCR, Western Blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect
the expression level of SOCS2 in cervical cancer tissues and tumor cells. We overexpressed
SOCS2 in SiHa cells via lentivirus. In-vitro experiments were used to investigate the changes in
cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability before and after SOCS2 overexpression.
Western Blot was used to detect the expression of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway and EMTrelated
proteins. M0 macrophages were co-cultured with the tumor-conditioned medium. The
effect of SOCS2 on macrophage polarization was examined by RT-qPCR.

Results:
SOCS2 expression level was significantly downregulated in cervical cancer tissues.
SOCS2 was negatively correlated with CD163+M2 macrophages. Overexpression of SOCS2 inhibited
the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells. The expressions of Twist-
2, N-cadherin, and Vimentin were decreased, while the expression of E-cadherin was increased.
Moreover, the expression of IL-6, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 were decreased. After the addition of
RhIL-6, the expression of E-cadherin protein in the LV-SOCS2 group was reversed. CM in the
LV-SOCS2 group inhibited the polarization of M2 macrophages.

Conclusion:
SOCS2 acts as a novel biological target and suppressor of cervical cancer through IL-
6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
One-pot Synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted-4(3H)-quinazolinone from o-aminobenzoic Acid and DMF Derivatives using Imidazole Hydrochloride as a Promoter
Authors: Wang Yin , Zhang Xiuyu , Li Suzhen , Guo Mengyi , Ma Wanqian , Yuan Jianyong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
As a novel and environmentally friendly Brönsted acid, imidazole hydrochloride was used to promote the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted-4(3H)-quinazolinone from o-aminobenzoic acid and DMF derivatives. The essence of this reaction is a multicomponent reaction, which constructs multiple chemical bonds between different components through the transamidation of imidazole hydrochloride. This protocol showed a wide range of functional group tolerance, and a series of quinazolinones were synthesized in low to moderate yields without metal catalysts, oxidants or other additives.
Unearthing Insights into Metabolic Syndrome by Linking Drugs, Targets,
and Gene Expressions Using Similarity Measures and Graph Theory
Authors: epub Alwaz , Wajid Bilal , Shabbir Ans , Gohar Awan Fahim , Ahsan Momina , Ahmad Sarfraz , Wajid Imran , Anwar Faria , Mazhar Fazeelat 
Published: August 2023

Aims and Objectives:
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic disorders
that includes obesity in combination with at least any two of the following conditions, i.e., insulin
resistance, high blood pressure, low HDL cholesterol, and high triglycerides level. Treatment of
this syndrome is challenging because of the multiple interlinked factors that lead to increased
risks of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to conduct extensive insilico
analysis to (i) find central genes that play a pivotal role in MetS and (ii) propose suitable
drugs for therapy. Our objective is to first create a drug-disease network and then identify novel
genes in the drug-disease network with strong associations to drug targets, which can help in increasing
the therapeutical effects of different drugs. In the future, these novel genes can be used to
calculate drug synergy and propose new drugs for the effective treatment of MetS.

Methods:
For this purpose, we (i) investigated associated drugs and pathways for MetS, (ii) employed
eight different similarity measures to construct eight gene regulatory networks, (iii) chose
an optimal network, where a maximum number of drug targets were central, (iv) determined central
genes exhibiting strong associations with these drug targets and associated disease-causing
pathways, and lastly (v) employed these candidate genes to propose suitable drugs.

Results:
Our results indicated (i) a novel drug-disease network complex, with (ii) novel genes
associated with MetS.

Conclusion:
Our developed drug-disease network complex closely represents MetS with associated
novel findings and markers for an improved understanding of the disease and suggested therapy.
Unveiling the Anti-convulsant Potential of Novel Series of 1,2,4-Triazine-
6H-Indolo[2,3-b]quinoline Derivatives: In Silico Molecular Docking, ADMET,
DFT, and Molecular Dynamics Exploration
Authors: Singh Hariram , Pathak Devender 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by irregular electrical
activity in the brain. To manage this disorder effectively, it is imperative to identify potential
pharmacological targets and to understand the pathophysiology of epilepsy in depth.

Objective:
This research aimed to identify promising leads from a library of 1,2,4-triazine-6Hindolo[
2,3-b]quinoline derivatives and optimize them using in silico and dynamic processes.

Methods:
We used computational studies to examine 1,2,4-Triazine-6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoline
derivatives. Some methods were used to strengthen the stability of binding sites, including Docking,
ADMET, IFD, MMGBSA, Density Functional Theory (DFT), and Molecular Dynamics.

Results:
HRSN24 and HRSN34 exhibited promising pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic
characteristics compared to standard drugs (Carbamazepine and Phenytoin) and a co-crystal ligand
(Diazepam). Both HRSN24 and HRSN34 presented notable Glide Xp docking scores (-4.528
and -4.633 Kcal/mol), IFD scores (-702.22 and -700.3 Kcal/mol), and MMGBSA scores (-45.71
and -14.46 Kcal/mol). HRSN24 was selected for molecular dynamics and DFT analysis. During
MD, HRSN24 identified LYS21, GLY22, ASP24, ARG26, VAL53, MET55, and SER308 as the
most important amino acid residues for hydrophobic interactions. A DFT computation was performed
to determine the physicochemical properties of HRSN24, revealing a total energy of
-1362.28 atomic units, a HOMO value of -0.20186, and a LUMO value of -0.01915.

Conclusion:
Based on computational modelling techniques, an array of 1,2,4-triazine-6H-indolo
[2,3-b]quinoline derivatives were evaluated for their anti-convulsant properties. A stable compound
within the GABAA receptor was identified by HRSN24, suggesting its affinity as an anti-convulsant.