bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high HDO/H2O ratio in the Class I protostar L1551 IRS5
Authors: Andreu A. , Coutens A. , Cruz-Sáenz de Miera F. , Houry N. , Jørgensen J. K. , Kóspál A. , Harsono D. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Water is a very abundant molecule in star-forming regions. Its deuterium fractionation provides an important tool for understanding its formation and evolution during the star and planet formation processes. While the HDO/H2O abundance ratio has been determined toward several young Class 0 protostars and comets, the number of studies toward Class I protostars is limited.
Aims. Our aim is to study the water deuteration toward the Class I protostellar binary L1551 IRS5 and to investigate the effect of evolutionary stage and environment on variations in the water D/H ratio.
Methods. Observations were carried out toward L1551 IRS5 using the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) interferometer. The HDO 31, 2–22, 1 transition at 225.9 GHz and the H218O 31, 3–22, 0 transition at 203.4 GHz were covered with a spatial resolution of 0.5″× 0.8″, while the HDO 42, 2–42, 3 transition at 143.7 GHz was observed with a resolution of 2.0″ × 2.5″. We constrained the water D/H ratio using both local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and non-LTE models.
Results. The three transitions are detected. The line profiles display two peaks, one at ∼6 km s−1 and one at ∼9 km s−1. We derive an HDO/H2O ratio of (2.1 ± 0.8) × 10−3 for the redshifted component and a lower limit of > 0.3 × 10−3 for the blueshifted component. This lower limit is due to the blending of the blueshifted H218O component with redshifted CH3OCH3 emission.
Conclusions. The HDO/H2O ratio in L1551 IRS5 is similar to the values in Class 0 isolated sources and in the disk of the Class I protostar V883 Ori, while it is significantly higher than in the previously studied clustered Class 0 sources and the comets. This result suggests that the chemistry of protostars that belong to molecular clouds with relatively low source densities, such as L1551, share more similarities with the isolated sources than the protostars of very dense clusters. If the HDO/H2O ratios in Class 0 protostars with few sources around are comparable to those found to date in isolated Class 0 objects, it would mean that there is little water reprocessing from the Class 0 to Class I protostellar stage.
Osteoporose Update
Authors: Thomasius Friederike 
Published: September 2023

Im Osteoporose Update wird auf relevante, aktuelle, d. h. mit Fokus auf in
den letzten 6 Monaten publizierte Paper, eingegangen, die in den Zusammenhang mit
Empfehlungen der Leitlinie gestellt werden.In diesem Update soll auf folgende Fragestellung eingegangen werden:Ist Evidenz, die aus Real-World Daten gewonnen wird, äquivalent zu der
Evidenz zu sehen, die in prospektiven Studien generiert werden?
The Interplay Between COVID-19 and Pediatric Endocrine Disorders.
What have we Learned After More than Three Years of the
Pandemic?
Authors: Kostopoulou Eirini 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs an increased body of COVID-19 related research is now available, it becomes
apparent that the effects of COVID-19 extend beyond that of the respiratory
system. Among others, the endocrine system is particularly vulnerable to
perturbation from the COVID-19 infection. The present scoping review summarizes
the bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and endocrine system in children
and adolescents, by describing both the possible susceptibility of children and
adolescents without endocrinopathies to endocrine disorders following COVID-19
infection, but also the potential susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and
severe infection, or the aggravation of endocrine dysfunction in patients with
pre-existing endocrine diseases. Data suggest increased obesity and diabetes
rates, as well as increased severity and frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis
following COVID-19 infection. Conversely, patients with diabetes and obesity may
experience a more severe course of COVID-19 infection. However, in the majority
of cases, children and adolescents with well-managed and regulated endocrine
disorders do not appear to be at increased risk of infection or severe infection
from COVID-19. Thus, adhering to the appropriate “sick day management
rules”, maintaining adequate supply of medications and supplies, keeping
close contact with the therapeutic team and seeking medical help without delay
when needed, are the main recommendations for a safe outcome. Additional lessons
learnt during the pandemic include the risk for mental health diseases caused by
children’s disrupted routine due to COVID-19 related protective measures
and the importance of adopting alternative communication options, such as
telehealth visits, in order to ensure uninterrupted endocrine care.
The C-Type Lectin Receptor CD93 Regulates Platelet Activation and Surface Expression of the Protease Activated Receptor 4
Authors: Trivigno Silvia Maria Grazia , Vismara Mauro , Canobbio Ilaria , Rustichelli Serena , Galvagni Federico , Orlandini Maurizio , Torti Mauro , Guidetti Gianni Francesco 
Published: September 2023

Background The C-type lectin receptor CD93 is a single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein involved in inflammation, immunity, and angiogenesis. This study investigates the role of CD93 in platelet function. CD93 knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) controls were compared in this study.
Methods Platelet activation and aggregation were investigated by flow cytometry and light transmission aggregometry, respectively. Protein expression and phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblotting. Subcellular localization of membrane receptors was investigated by wide-field and confocal microscopy.
Results The lack of CD93 in mice was not associated to any evident bleeding defect and no alterations of platelet activation were observed upon stimulation with thromboxane A2 analogue and convulxin. Conversely, platelet aggregation induced by stimulation of the thrombin receptor PAR4 was significantly reduced in the absence of CD93. This defect was associated with a significant reduction of α-granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, and protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation. Resting WT and CD93-deficient platelets expressed comparable amounts of PAR4. However, upon stimulation with a PAR4 activating peptide, a more pronounced clearance of PAR4 from the platelet surface was observed in CD93-deficient platelets compared with WT controls. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed a massive movement of PAR4 in cytosolic compartments of activated platelets lacking CD93. Accordingly, platelet desensitization following PAR4 stimulation was more pronounced in CD93 KO platelets compared with WT controls.
Conclusion These results demonstrate that CD93 supports platelet activation triggered by PAR4 stimulation and is required to stabilize the expression of the thrombin receptor on the cell surface.
Antiviral Activity of Cinchona officinalis, a Homeopathic Medicine, against COVID-19
Authors: Arumugam Somasundaram , Vadivel Kumaravel , Dhaked Devendra Kumar , Prasanna Vani Sai , Yellurkar Manoj Limbraj , Das Pamelika , Manoharan Raja , Thomas Austin Jose , Singh Lalith , Singh Subhas , Velayutham Ravichandiran 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a potentially fatal disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several studies have shown that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) significantly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infections in vitro.
Objective Since the phytoconstituents of Cinchona officinalis (CO) are similar to those of HCQ, the objective of this study was to test the antiviral potential of different homeopathic formulations of CO.
Methods An analysis of the molecular composition of CO was carried out using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by a detailed docking study. The constituents of CO were docked against various targets of SARS-CoV-2, and the binding potential of the phytoconstituents was compared and quantified. The ligand with the lowest Glide docking score is considered to have the best binding affinity. The cytotoxicity of several homeopathic formulations, including CO mother tincture (CO-MT), was also checked on VeroE6 cells. A known antiviral, remdesivir, was used as a positive control for the in vitro assays to evaluate the effects of CO-MT against SARS-CoV-2-infected VeroE6 cells.
Results Molecular docking studies showed that constituents of CO exhibited binding potential to various targets of SARS-CoV-2, including Mpro, PLpro, RdRp, nucleocapsid protein, ACE2 (in host) and spike protein. Quinoline, one of the constituents of CO, can potentially bind the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Quinic acid showed better binding capabilities with Mpro, PLpro RdRp, nucleocapsid protein and ACE2 (allosteric site) than other constituents. Quinidine exhibited better binding to ACE2. Compared to HCQ, other phytoconstituents of CO had the equivalent potential to bind the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, nucleocapsid protein, Mpro, PLpro and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. In vitro assays showed that homeopathic CO-MT was not cytotoxic and that CO-MT and remdesivir respectively caused 89% and 99% inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection in VeroE6 cells.
Conclusion Based on this in silico and in vitro evidence, we propose CO-MT as a promising antiviral medicine candidate for treating COVID-19. In vivo investigation is required to clarify the therapeutic potential of CO-MT in COVID-19.
Role of 18F-FDG PET-CT in Urethral Malignant Melanoma and Analysis of the UK Guidelines on Ano-uro-genital Melanomas
Authors: Mahato Abhishek , Jain Anurag , Manoj M.G. , Joshi Richa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUrethral melanomas are a rare subtype of noncutaneous melanomas. The disease has a tendency to have skip lesions and early metastases as compared with cutaneous melanomas. The role of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) is well established in cases of cutaneous melanomas and is recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) for stage IIB to IV cancer. There are no established guidelines on the management of noncutaneous melanomas; however, a recently published United Kingdom national guideline aims to streamline the management of ano-uro-genital melanomas. The guideline describes a very limited role in the use of 18F-FDG PET-CT in this case scenario. The tendency to skip lesions, early metastases, involvement of brain parenchyma, and finally the usage of anti-PD-1 medications are key areas where 18F-FDG PET-CT has shown superiority over CT scan. With this case report, we aim to highlight the strength of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the management of urethral melanomas, which can be extrapolated to other ano-uro-genital melanomas.
Design and Development of an Objective Evaluation System for a Web-Based Simulator for Trauma Management
Authors: Larraga-García Blanca , Castañeda López Luis , Monforte-Escobar Fernando , Quintero Mínguez Rubén , Quintana-Díaz Manuel , Gutiérrez Álvaro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Trauma injuries are one of the main leading causes of death in the world. Training with guidelines and protocols is adequate to provide a fast and efficient treatment to patients that suffer a trauma injury.
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate deviations from a set protocol, a new set of metrics has been proposed and tested in a pilot study.
Methods The participants were final-year students from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and first-year medical residents from the Hospital Universitario La Paz. They were asked to train four trauma scenarios with a web-based simulator for 2 weeks. A test was performed pre-training and another one post-training to evaluate the evolution of the treatment to those four trauma scenarios considering a predefined trauma protocol and based on the new set of metrics. The scenarios were pelvic and lower limb traumas in a hospital and in a prehospital setting, which allow them to learn and assess different trauma protocols.
Results The results show that, in general, there is an improvement of the new metrics after training with the simulator.
Conclusion These new metrics provide comprehensive information for both trainers and trainees. For trainers, the evaluation of the simulation is automated and contains all relevant information to assess the performance of the trainee. And for trainees, it provides valuable real-time information that could support the trauma management learning process.
Association of Risk Factors with At-Risk Cases of Autism
Authors: Ravi S. Reena , Mendonca Theresa Leonilda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA neurological condition known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) first manifests before the age of 3. Numerous factors may have an impact on the development of autism; however, its precise causes are yet unknown. The research aims to identify certain risk factors that associate with children at a higher risk of developing autism. This study is a descriptive analysis of 80 children who were identified as being at risk for autism and meeting the requirements of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers at the community health center. A semistructured proforma was used to collect the baseline data from the mother and the child. Through the use of a thoughtfully created checklist, each child enrolled in the study had a thorough history completed, including the suspected prenatal, intranatal, neonatal, and infant risk factors with the help of their mothers. Descriptive statistics with frequency percentages were adopted for the demographic data of the participants. To find the association between possible risk factors and at-risk cases of ASD, an independent t-test was used. Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-squared test (p = 0.05, confidence interval = 95%) were used to find how the risks (odds ratios) of the factors studied affect the incidence of ASD. It was discovered that prenatal risk factors, such as pregnancy-related infections and medication use, were statistically significantly linked to an increased risk for autism. Significant intranatal risk factors for autism risk included a breech presentation, cesarean section, forced labor, and resuscitation at birth. Similar to this, the neonatal risk factors included maternal hemorrhage, Rh or ABO incompatibility, birth injuries, and feeding problems. Poor socioeconomic status and seizures were the baby risk variables, both of which were statistically significant and linked to an increased chance of autism. The results of the study support an array of perinatal, intranatal, neonatal, and infant risk factors linked to the likelihood of developing autism.
Unrevealing the role of miRNA in successful TNBC treatment: A pilot study to explore the chemotherapy drugs for timely treatment of TNBC
Authors: Sarkar Poulami , Chowdhary Rashmi , Yadav Ashish Kumar , Arya Neha , Pandya Bharti , Kumar Vinay , Kanwar Jagat R. , Siddiqui Arshi , Khan Roji Begum 
Published: September 2023

Objectives:
Worldwide, breast cancer is the most prevalent and common type of cancer. Physical examination and mammography with a range of sensitivities are currently used as screening methods. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) gene expression. MicroRNAs (miRNA) as potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers, miRNA 125, 200c, 221, 21, and 34a were selected for study.

Materials and Methods:
Here, 25 consenting TNBC patients with negative ER/PR/HER-2 status and compatible history were accrued from the Department of Oncosurgery, All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal. Serum from participants and 25 controls was collected for quantitative estimation of miRNA by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. After being treated with epirubicin, capecitabine, and paclitaxel, the MDA-MB-231 cell line’s expression of these miRNA subtypes was also examined.

Statistical Analysis:
All statistical analyses, pie charts, dot plots, and box-whisker plots were performed using EZR (Easy R), R Commander version 2.7-1. Bar graphs were created using Microsoft Excel 2019 software. Heat map graphics were produced using Graph Prism Version 9.

Results:
miRNA125 (p< 0.0001) and miRNA21 (p< 0.05) were found to be statistically significant. miR125 (DCt [cycle threshold] 2.77) was seen to be upregulated and miR21 (DCt -1.61) was seen to be downregulated in TNBC patients. Epirubicin treatment caused miR125 to be downregulated, but capecitabine treatment caused miR125 to be upregulated. Paclitaxel was seen to downregulate miR21. All three chemotherapeutic agents were seen to downregulate miR34a.

Conclusion:
miRNAs can be developed into a reliable biomarker and prognostic tool with more research. They can also help develop and improve pharmaco-therapeutic strategies.
The interplay of indexicality between essence and meanings: an interconnection of experiences and memory
Authors: Pala Kiran 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article looks at Husserlian ideas as an analytical tool to explain the cognitive aspects of experiences that range between knowledge acts in inferences and Mulligan’s contemporary perspective of meaning formation, through reflections of relations. The essay also takes into consideration the views of Levinas and Hintikka, for whom experiences form the foundations of intuitive capacity. These perspectives are essential concerning epistemic evidence to self (I/me-ness): mental objects and spatiotemporal relations are the structural notions of episteme on their own; their dynamics were tightly coordinated at an intentional process to strengthen episteme; this coordination appeared to be a state change caused in epistemic evidence.Experience is a process that continually gives us new material to digest; Experience leads ever on and on, and objects and our ideas of objects may both lead to the same goal.(James, 1909/1975: 208, 258)
Sustainable supply chain, digital transformation, and blockchain technology adoption in the tourism sector
Authors: Sarfraz Muddassar , Khawaja Kausar Fiaz , Han Heesup , Ariza-Montes Antonio , Arjona-Fuentes Juan Manuel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper seeks to examine the influence of sustainable supply chain strategy (SSCS) on sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) by considering the mediating role of blockchain technology (BCT) adoption and the moderating role of Digital Transformation (DT) and sustainable supply chain practices (SSCP). Drawing upon the resource-based view theory, we empirically tested our model using a sample of 331 hotel and resort managers, and a quantitative approach was used. The results revealed that BCT adoption mediates the relationship between SSCS and SCA. They further explain that DT significantly moderates the relationship between the SSCS and BCT adoption, whereas SSCP significantly moderates the relationship between the BCT adoption and SCA. All research objectives are successfully obtained. As a result, firms must not only adopt sustainable strategies, but also adopt advanced technologies and transformative practices in order to maintain a competitive advantage in today’s dynamic market landscape. The findings of this study hold significant implications for both theory and practice, providing strategic insights for organizations seeking to improve their competitive positioning by embracing sustainable strategies and technologies.
The relationship between L2 vocabulary knowledge and reading proficiency: The moderating effects of vocabulary fluency
Authors: Tong Yanli , Hasim Zuwati , Abdul Halim Huzaina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, we ascertain the links between the four dimensions of L2 vocabulary knowledge and L2 reading proficiency and the moderating effects of vocabulary fluency. For this purpose, 312 EFL Chinese university student volunteers were recruited from six majors at one tertiary university in Southeast China, and they took a series of vocabulary tests and the IELTS reading test. SEM and PING’S SINGLE INDICATOR INTERACTION methods were adopted to analyze the collected test data. The results indicated that (a) receptive lexical knowledge has a much closer link with reading proficiency than productive vocabulary knowledge; (b) among the four dimensions of L2 vocabulary knowledge, receptive vocabulary depth has a closer connection with reading proficiency than receptive vocabulary breadth; (c) vocabulary fluency has a substantial moderating effect on the connection between L2 vocabulary and reading proficiency; and (d) multiple regression analysis verifies that whole-word knowledge explains 49% of the variance in L2 reading testing grades. We discuss theoretical and instructional implications, focusing on the role of the four dimensions of L2 vocabulary knowledge in the vocabulary assessment criteria for developing L2 reading proficiency.
Exploring the impact of intelligent learning tools on students’ independent learning abilities: a PLS-SEM analysis of grade 6 students in China
Authors: Pan Rouye , Qin Zihan , Zhang Lan , Lou Ligao , Yu Huiju , Yang Junfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of interaction quality and information quality of intelligent learning tools on students’ satisfaction and intention to use these tools, as well as to examine the relationship between the intention to use intelligent learning tools and students’ independent learning abilities. The study utilized Smart-PLS 3, a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), to analyze data collected from 384 Grade 6 students in China. The results of the study showed that (a) intention to use intelligent learning tools had a significant and direct impact on students’ independent learning abilities; (b) interaction quality did not have a significant impact on intention to use, but information quality and satisfaction with the tools did have an impact on intention to use; (c) interaction quality and information quality indirectly influenced intention to use through students’ satisfaction with the tools. Furthermore, this research provided valuable recommendations for improving the interaction quality and information quality of intelligent learning tools, which can ultimately enhance students’ independent learning abilities.