bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroanatomical signatures associated with dispositional optimism predict COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress symptoms
Authors: Lai Han , Zhao Yajun , Li Jingguang , Gong Qiyong , Wang Song 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been increasingly documented to cause negative impacts on mental health outcomes, e.g. posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Dispositional optimism (“optimism” hereinafter), a crucial psychological characteristic defined by positive expectancies for future outcomes, is considered to provide remarkable protection against PTSS. Accordingly, this study was designed to identify neuroanatomical signatures of optimism and further examine the mechanism through which optimism protects against COVID-19-specific PTSS. Here, 115 volunteers from a general population of university students completed MRI scans and optimism tests before (October 2019–January 2020) and after (February–April 2020) the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analysis showed that a region from the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) to the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) was associated with optimism. Further seed-based structural covariance network (SCN) analysis using partial least-squares correlation found an optimism-linked SCN covarying with the combined dACC and dmPFC (the dACC-dmPFC). Additionally, mediation analyses revealed that the dACC-dmPFC volume and its SCN impacted COVID-19-specific PTSS through optimism. Our findings deepen the understanding of optimism and have the potential to identify vulnerable individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic or similar future events, as well as to guide optimism-related neural interventions to prevent and alleviate PTSS.
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Israel Ariel , Berkovitch Matitiahu , Merzon Eugene , Golan-Cohen Avivit , Green Ilan , Ruppin Eytan , Vinker Shlomo , Magen Eli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this cohort study conducted in a national healthcare organization in Israel, we found that individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency had an increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and severity, with higher rates of hospitalization and diagnosed long COVID.
A White-box Implementation of SM4 with Self-equivalence Encoding
Authors: Chen Jie , Luo Yinuo , Liu Jun , Wang Chao , Zhang Yueyu , Dong Xiaoli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
White-box implementation can ensure the security of cryptographic algorithm in white-box attack environment without changing the inputs and outputs of the original algorithm. Most existing white-box implementations construct a series of lookup tables to protect the key. However, with the development of white-box attack techniques, many white-box implementations have been proved to be insecure. In this paper, a new white-box implementation of SM4 is proposed, which is based on an equivalent partial SPN structure of the SM4 algorithm. Our implementation includes three types of table lookup operations and XOR operations. The round keys are obfuscated with the self-equivalences of the S-box and random affine encodings. Security analysis shows that our implementation can resist BGE-type attack, the attack based on affine equivalence algorithm, the structure attack, the collision attack and differential computational analysis. Furthermore, our scheme requires 8.125 MB of memory.
A distributed adaptive routing against selective forwarding attack in scale-free network considering cascading failure
Authors: Yin Rongrong , Ma Xuyao , Yuan Huaili , Zhai Mengfa , Guo Changjiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To address the issues of data insecurity and unreliable transmission, redundancy-based data recovery can guarantee data security, but the increase of redundant data will reduce the robustness of network in the face of cascading failures. A distributed adaptive routing method in scale-free network is proposed to improve network resilience against selective forwarding attacks and the robustness against cascading failures. Based on the polynomial principle, the proposed routing method slices packets, adds redundancy reasonably and adopts multipath sequential routing method to completely send data to the destination node. The ability to resist selective forwarding attacks and robustness against cascading failures is investigated and analysed throughout the entire network operation. Simulation results show that our proposed routing method is not restricted by the number of disjoint paths, can maintain a higher data recovery ratio and resist effectively selective forwarding attacks, and also balances the network load well. Moreover, this routing method has a lower end-to-end latency for data transmission and is highly resistant to cascading failures under random and intentional attacks.
Cambridge Economics in the Post-Keynesian Era: How Mainstream Economics Replaced Cambridge Economics
Authors: Martins Nuno O 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The book Cambridge Economics in the Post-Keynesian Era: The Eclipse of Heterodox Traditions, by Ashwani Saith, explains how various approaches to the study of economics at Cambridge, UK, were replaced by mainstream economics, as practiced in leading North American universities. This article reviews the book, while also connecting the narrative provided in the book to central questions regarding the Cambridge economic tradition, and the various approaches that constitute it. The differences between the type of applied economics developed at Cambridge and in contemporary mainstream economics are also discussed. To do so, a distinction between Marshallian realism and Walrasian formalism is made here. Albeit this distinction is not emphasised in Saith’s book, it helps to supplement and understand the persuasive and important narrative provided by Saith.
Use of magnetic sphincter augmentation as an adjunct procedure in paraesophageal hernia repair
Authors: Wisniowski Paul , Putnam Luke R , Lipham John 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is an anti-reflux procedure with comparable outcomes to fundoplication, yet its use in patients with larger hiatal or paraesophageal hernias has not been widely reported. This review discusses the history of MSA and how its utilization has evolved from initial Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 2012 for patients with small hernias to its contemporary use in patients with paraesophageal hernias and beyond.
Mobile health for cardiovascular risk management after cardiac surgery: results of a sub-analysis of The Box 2.0 study
Authors: Biersteker Tommas Evan , Boogers Mark J , Schalij Martin Jan , Braun Jerry , Groenwold Rolf H H , Atsma Douwe E , Treskes Roderick Willem 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and blood pressure (BP) levels to guideline recommended values reduces the risk of major adverse cardiac events in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). To improve cardiovascular risk management, this study evaluated the effects of mobile health (mHealth) on BP and cholesterol levels in patients after standalone CABG.

Methods and results
This study is a post hoc analysis of an observational cohort study among 228 adult patients who underwent standalone CABG surgery at a tertiary care hospital in The Netherlands. A total of 117 patients received standard care, and 111 patients underwent an mHealth intervention. This consisted of frequent BP and weight monitoring with regimen adjustment in case of high BP. Primary outcome was difference in systolic BP and LDL-C between baseline and value after three months of follow-up. Mean age in the intervention group was 62.7 years, 98 (88.3%) patients were male. A total of 26 449 mHealth measurements were recorded. At three months, systolic BP decreased by 7.0 mmHg [standard deviation (SD): 15.1] in the intervention group vs. -0.3 mmHg (SD: 17.6; P &lt; 0.00001) in controls; body weight decreased by 1.76 kg (SD: 3.23) in the intervention group vs. -0.31 kg (SD: 2.55; P = 0.002) in controls. Serum LDL-C was significantly lower in the intervention group vs. controls (median: 1.8 vs. 2.0 mmol/L; P = 0.0002).

Conclusion
This study showed an association between home monitoring after CABG and a reduction in systolic BP, body weight, and serum LDL-C. The causality of the association between the observed weight loss and decreased LDL-C in intervention group patients remains to be investigated.
Predicted clinical and economic burden associated with reduction in access to acute coronary interventional care during the COVID-19 lockdown in two European countries
Authors: Lunardi Mattia , Mamas Mamas A , Mauri Josepa , Molina Carmen Medina , Rodriguez-Leor Oriol , Eggington Simon , Pietzsch Jan B , Papo Natalie L , Walleser-Autiero Silke , Baumbach Andreas , Maisano Francesco , Ribichini Flavio L , Mylotte Darren , Barbato Emanuele , Piek Jan J , Wijns William , Naber Christoph K ,   the We CARE Initiative, Güell-Viaplana Francesc , Arjana Lorena Bernàldez , Álvarez Rosa Vidal , Solé Aida Ribera 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
As a consequence of untimely or missed revascularization of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, many patients died at home or survived with serious sequelae, resulting in potential long-term worse prognosis and related health-economic implications.
This analysis sought to predict long-term health outcomes [survival and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs)] and cost of reduced treatment of STEMIs occurring during the first COVID-19 lockdown.

Methods and results
Using a Markov decision-analytic model, we incorporated probability of hospitalization, timeliness of PCI, and projected long-term survival and cost (including societal costs) of mortality and morbidity, for STEMI occurring during the first UK and Spanish lockdowns, comparing them with expected pre-lockdown outcomes for an equivalent patient group.
STEMI patients during the first UK lockdown were predicted to lose an average of 1.55 life-years and 1.17 QALYs compared with patients presenting with a STEMI pre-pandemic. Based on an annual STEMI incidence of 49 332 cases, the total additional lifetime costs calculated at the population level were £36.6 million (€41.3 million), mainly driven by costs of work absenteeism. Similarly in Spain, STEMI patients during the lockdown were expected to survive 2.03 years less than pre-pandemic patients, with a corresponding reduction in projected QALYs (−1.63). At the population level, reduced PCI access would lead to additional costs of €88.6 million.

Conclusion
The effect of a 1-month lockdown on STEMI treatment led to a reduction in survival and QALYs compared to the pre-pandemic era. Moreover, in working-age patients, untimely revascularization led to adverse prognosis, affecting societal productivity and therefore considerably increasing societal costs.
Does Homeownership Reduce Crime? A Radical Housing Reform from the UK
Authors: Disney Richard , Gathergood John , Machin Stephen , Sandi Matteo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
‘Right to Buy’, a large-scale natural experiment whereby incumbent tenants in public housing could buy properties at heavily subsidised prices, increased the United Kingdom homeownership rate by over 10 percentage points between its 1980 introduction and the 1990s. This paper studies the impact of this reform on crime by leveraging exogenous variation in eligibility for the policy. Results show that Right to Buy generated significant property crime reductions. Behavioural changes of incumbent tenants and renovation of public properties were the main drivers of this crime reduction. This is evidence of a novel means by which subsidised homeownership and housing policy can reduce criminality.
Comparison of the European and US guidelines for lipid-lowering therapy in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Delabays Benoît , de La Harpe Roxane , Vollenweider Peter , Fournier Stephane , Müller Olivier , Strambo Davide , Graham Ian , Visseren Frank L J , Nanchen David , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Vaucher Julien 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Population-wide impacts of new guidelines in the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) should be explored in independent cohorts. Assess and compare the lipid-lowering therapy eligibility and predictive classification performance of 2016 and 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC), 2019 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC), and 2022 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines.

Methods and results
Participants from the CoLaus|PsyCoLaus study, without ASCVD and not taking lipid-lowering therapy at baseline. Derivation of 10-year risk for ASCVD using Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE1), SCORE2 [including SCORE2-Older Persons (SCORE2-OP)], and pooled cohort equation. Computation of the number of people eligible for lipid-lowering therapy based on each guideline and assessment of discrimination and calibration metrics of the risk models using first incident ASCVD as an outcome. Among 4,092 individuals, 158 (3.9%) experienced an incident ASCVD during a median follow-up of 9 years (interquartile range, 1.1). Lipid-lowering therapy was recommended or considered in 40.2% (95% confidence interval, 38.2–42.2), 26.4% (24.6–28.2), 28.6% (26.7–30.5), and 22.6% (20.9–24.4) of women and in 62.1% (59.8–64.3), 58.7% (56.4–61.0), 52.6% (50.3–54.9), and 48.4% (46.1–50.7) of men according to the 2016 ESC, 2021 ESC, 2019 AHA/ACC, and 2022 USPSTF guidelines, respectively. 43.3 and 46.7% of women facing an incident ASCVD were not eligible for lipid-lowering therapy at baseline according to the 2021 ESC and 2022 USPSTF, compared with 21.7 and 38.3% using the 2016 ESC and 2019 AHA/ACC, respectively.

Conclusion
Both the 2022 USPSTF and 2021 ESC guidelines particularly reduced lipid-lowering therapy eligibility in women. Nearly half of women who faced an incident ASCVD were not eligible for lipid-lowering therapy.
Novel and unusual genes for nitrogen and metal cycling in Planctomycetota- and KSB1-affiliated metagenome-assembled genomes reconstructed from a marine subsea tunnel
Authors: Suarez Carolina , Hackl Thomas , Wilen Britt-Marie , Persson Frank , Hagelia Per , Jetten Mike S M , Dalcin Martins Paula 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Oslofjord subsea road tunnel is a unique environment in which the typically anoxic marine deep subsurface is exposed to oxygen. Concrete biodeterioration and steel corrosion in the tunnel have been linked to the growth of iron- and manganese-oxidizing biofilms in areas of saline water seepage. Surprisingly, previous 16S rRNA gene surveys of biofilm samples revealed microbial communities dominated by sequences affiliated with nitrogen-cycling microorganisms. This study aimed to identify microbial genomes with metabolic potential for novel nitrogen- and metal-cycling reactions, representing biofilm microorganisms that could link these cycles and play a role in concrete biodeterioration. We reconstructed 33 abundant, novel metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) affiliated with the phylum Planctomycetota and the candidate phylum KSB1. We identified novel and unusual genes and gene clusters in these MAGs related to anaerobic ammonium oxidation, nitrite oxidation, and other nitrogen-cycling reactions. Additionally, 26 of 33 MAGs also had the potential for iron, manganese, and arsenite cycling, suggesting that bacteria represented by these genomes might couple these reactions. Our results expand the diversity of microorganisms putatively involved in nitrogen and metal cycling, and contribute to our understanding of potential biofilm impacts on built infrastructure.
Plasmodium falciparum COQ2 gene encodes a functional 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase
Authors: Zafra Camila Andrea , Crispim Marcell , Verdaguer Ignasi Bofill , Ríos Alejandro García , Moura Gabriel Cándido , Katzin Alejandro Miguel , Hernández Agustín 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ubiquinone (UQ) is a fundamental mitochondrial electron transport chain component. This compound is synthesized as the condensation of a p-substituted benzoic acid and a polyisoprenic moiety catalyzed by the enzyme 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.39). In Plasmodium spp., this enzyme is still uncharacterized. In this work, we expressed the sequence of the Plasmodium falciparum PF3D7_0607500 gene (abbreviated as PfCOQ2) in a coq2Δ mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and studied the functionality of its gene product. This open reading frame could complement S. cerevisiae coq2Δ mutant growth defect on media with glycerol as a carbon source. Further, UQ was unequivocally identified in lipid extracts from this coq2Δ mutant when expressing PfCOQ2. Remarkably, UQ was detected under those conditions when S. cerevisiae cells were metabolically labeled with either [ring-14C(U)]-p-aminobenzoic acid or [ring-14C(U)]-4-hydroxybenzoic acid. However, no UQ was detected in P. falciparum if labeled with p-aminobenzoic acid. These results indicate that PfCOQ2 is a 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase. Further, its substrate profile seems not dissimilar to that of S. cerevisiae, but, as in other organisms, p-aminobenzoic acid does not act as an aromatic precursor in UQ biosynthesis in P. falciparum. The reason for this last feature remains to be established, but may lie upstream of PfCOQ2.
Using LiDAR Data to Estimate Biomass in Afforested Bottomland Oak Sites in the Southern United States
Authors: Renninger Heidi J , Frey Brent R , Anderson Madelyn P , Evans David L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The extent of bottomland hardwood forests in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV) has diminished, and federal programs like the Conservation Reserve Program provide incentives to afforest marginal agricultural areas with oaks to provide ecosystem services. Remote sensing technologies, like light detection and ranging (LiDAR), can be used to estimate biomass of these stands to potentially allow landowners to take advantage of carbon markets, but data are expensive to collect. Therefore, we determined whether freely available low-density LiDAR data could capture variability in tree- and stand-level characteristics in the LMAV, including aboveground biomass. We found that multiple regression LiDAR models captured more variability in tree-level than stand-level parameters and including soil type generally improved models. Model r2 values predicting tree and stand parameters including tree height, height to the live crown, quadratic mean diameter, crown area, trees per hectare, stand basal area, and stand biomass ranged from 0.34 to 0.82 and root mean square percent error (RMSPE) ranged from 7% to 36%. Specifically, models for stand biomass had an RMSE of about 19 Mg/ha or about 19% of mean values across sites. Therefore, freely available LiDAR data was useful in evaluating afforested bottomland oak sites for tree- and stand-level structural components in the LMAV.
Caring From a Distance: Experiences of Polish Immigrants in the United States Providing Care to Parents With Dementia Overseas
Authors: Leszko Magdalena , Allen Dorota J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Aging populations and an increasing number of immigrants in recent years have led to numerous changes in intergenerational relationships. Although many studies have investigated the impact of providing care to a parent with dementia, little is known about the impact of caregiving activities provided from a distance, such as in the case of immigration, and over a long period of time to a person with dementia. Our understanding of how transnational caregiving for a person with dementia affects relationships is also limited. Using the Intergenerational Solidarity Theory as a theoretical framework, this paper examines the experiences of adult children and immigrant caregivers of a parent with dementia living in Poland.

Methods
A qualitative, semistructured interview was conducted with 37 caregivers living in the United States while providing transnational care to a parent with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia. The data analysis was based on the thematic analysis strategy.

Results
Four themes were identified: (1) filial obligations and solidarity, (2) caregivers’ contradictory emotions regarding transnational care, (3) financial and emotional exhaustion, and (4) challenges of nursing home dilemmas.

Discussion
Transnational caregivers represent a unique group who face distinctive challenges related to competing demands and limited resources. This study contributes to a better understanding of their experiences whereas the findings highlight the importance of addressing the mental and physical well-being of immigrant caregivers of individuals with dementia and have important implications for health care professionals and immigration policies. Implications for future research were also identified.
Organizational Characteristics of Senior Centers and Engagement in Dementia-Friendly Communities
Authors: Scher Clara J , Somerville Ceara , Greenfield Emily A , Coyle Caitlin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Dementia-friendly communities (DFCs) are systematic and collaborative efforts to make local communities more supportive and inclusive of persons living with dementia and their care partners. This study explores how the organizational characteristics of senior centers influence their engagement in DFCs.

Research Design and Methods
We used a partially mixed, concurrent, equal status design, drawing on qualitative interviews with staff from 13 senior centers leading DFC initiatives as part of a statewide dementia-friendly network in Massachusetts, as well as quantitative data from 342 senior centers collected as part of a statewide survey.

Results
The qualitative results demonstrated ways in which human, social, tangible, and programmatic capital facilitate senior centers’ DFC engagement. In particular, the results illuminated the importance of social capital with organizations and groups outside of the senior center, spanning the municipal, regional, and state levels. Findings from multivariate analyses further indicated robust and strong associations between higher levels of social capital, as well as more dementia-focused programming and greater variety of funding sources, with greater likelihood of engagement in DFC work.

Discussion and Implications
Results indicate the importance of policy and practice to foster both organizational capacity and multilevel systems conditions to enable and motivate senior centers’ involvement in DFC initiatives.
A Plea for Less Hindsight in the Inventive Step Test
Authors: Ackermann Markus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article provides a critical review of the case law of the European Patent Office (EPO) and some Member States regarding inventive step and is aimed, in particular, at judges at the Unified Patent Court (UPC) and practitioners before that court. The linchpin of the review is a discrepancy between, on the one hand, the legal principle of avoiding hindsight and, on the other, the EPO’s belief that hindsight is a necessary element of an objective assessment of inventive step. Although this aspect must be separated from the question of how the original disclosure affects the assessment of inventive step, in particular the formulation of the problem (see G 2/21), there are nevertheless mutual dependencies.