bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the validity and reliability of a novel dental trauma index
Authors: Kaval Mehmet Emin , Ateşçi Alp Abidin , Kurt Seniha Senem Miçooğulları , Boyacıoğlu Hayal , Eden Ece 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground/AimsTraumatic dental injuries (TDI) are one of the most commonly encountered dental health complications. In order to standardize the evaluations and compare the findings of TDI, a carefully defined dental trauma index may serve as a good tool for the correct recording of dental trauma. A new dental trauma index, the Modified Eden & Baysal dental trauma index (MEBTI), has been introduced. It is an expanded index to record soft tissue injuries in addition to dental injuries. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the MEBDTI.Materials and MethodsThe archival data of 20 patients with different traumatic injuries were selected. A web‐based form including the radiographs and photographs of selected cases was created. Following a training session, 12 dentists with a minimum of 10 years of clinical experience were asked to score the cases using the MEBDTI on an online form. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to test the normality. The Kruskal–Wallis Test was used for intergroup comparisons. Inter‐observer agreement was investigated by reliability analysis. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the agreement among observers. The Chi‐Square test of independence was used to determine if there is a significant relationship between two nominal variables (p < .05).ResultsThe rate of correctly assessing the alveolar bone fracture was 96.9% followed by apex maturity (92.7%), root fracture (85.4%), luxation injury (76.5%), crown fracture (76.2%), and soft tissue injury (50%). Considering all parameters, the soft tissue injuries were statistically different in terms of the answers given by the 12 dentists (p < .05).ConclusionThe accuracy of the scores of participants was high and in accordance with each other except for the identification of soft tissue injuries. In favor of this novel index, the data on dental trauma cases could be recorded practically and reliably.
High serum neurofilament light chain levels correlate with brain atrophy and physical disability in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Buchmann Arabella , Pirpamer Lukas , Pinter Daniela , Voortman Margarete , Helmlinger Birgit , Pichler Alexander , Maceski Aleksandra Maleska , Benkert Pascal , Bachmaier Gerhard , Ropele Stefan , Reindl Markus , Leppert David , Kuhle Jens , Enzinger Christian , Khalil Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeSerum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is a promising biomarker of neuroaxonal damage in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). In cross‐sectional studies, sNfL has been associated with disease activity and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes; however, it is still unclear to what extent in particular high sNfL levels impact on subsequent disease evolution.MethodssNfL was quantified by an ultrasensitive single molecule array (Simoa) in 199 pwMS (median age = 34.2 years, 64.3% female) and 49 controls. All pwMS underwent 3‐T MRI to assess global and compartmental normalized brain volumes, T2‐lesion load, and cortical mean thickness. Follow‐up data and serum samples were available in 144 pwMS (median follow‐up time = 3.8 years). Linear and binary logistic models were used to estimate the independent contribution of sNfL for changes in MRI and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Age‐corrected sNfL z‐scores from a normative database of healthy controls were used for sensitivity analyses.ResultsHigh sNfL levels at baseline were associated with atrophy measures of the whole brain (standardized beta coefficient βj = −0.352, p < 0.001), white matter (βj = −0.229, p = 0.007), thalamus (βj = −0.372, p = 0.004), and putamen (βj = −1.687, p = 0.012). pwMS with high levels of sNfL at baseline and follow‐up had a greater risk of EDSS worsening (p = 0.007).ConclusionsAlready single time point elevation of sNfL has a distinct effect on brain volume changes over a short‐term period, and repeated high levels of sNfL indicate accumulating physical disability. Serial assessment of sNfL may provide added value in the clinical management of pwMS.
Metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic changes in adults with epilepsy on modified Atkins diet
Authors: Leitner Dominique F. , Siu Yik , Korman Aryeh , Lin Ziyan , Kanshin Evgeny , Friedman Daniel , Devore Sasha , Ueberheide Beatrix , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Jones Drew R. , Wisniewski Thomas , Devinsky Orrin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveHigh‐fat and low‐carbohydrate diets can reduce seizure frequency in some treatment‐resistant epilepsy patients, including the more flexible modified Atkins diet (MAD), which is more palatable, mimicking fasting and inducing high ketone body levels. Low‐carbohydrate diets may shift brain energy production, particularly impacting neuron‐ and astrocyte‐linked metabolism.MethodsWe evaluated the effect of short‐term MAD on molecular mechanisms in adult epilepsy patients from surgical brain tissue and plasma compared to control participants consuming a nonmodified higher carbohydrate diet (n = 6 MAD, mean age = 43.7 years, range = 21–53, diet for average 10 days; n = 10 control, mean age = 41.9 years, range = 28–64).ResultsBy metabolomics, there were 13 increased metabolites in plasma (n = 15 participants with available specimens), which included 4.10‐fold increased ketone body 3‐hydroxybutyric acid, decreased palmitic acid in cortex (n = 16), and 11 decreased metabolites in hippocampus (n = 6), which had top associations with mitochondrial functions. Cortex and plasma 3‐hydroxybutyric acid levels had a positive correlation (p = .0088, R2 = .48). Brain proteomics and RNAseq identified few differences, including 2.75‐fold increased hippocampal MT‐ND3 and trends (p < .01, false discovery rate > 5%) in hippocampal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)‐related signaling pathways (activated oxidative phosphorylation and inhibited sirtuin signaling).SignificanceShort‐term MAD was associated with metabolic differences in plasma and resected epilepsy brain tissue when compared to control participants, in combination with trending expression changes observed in hippocampal NADH‐related signaling pathways. Future studies should evaluate how brain molecular mechanisms are altered with long‐term MAD in a larger cohort of epilepsy patients, with correlations to seizure frequency, epilepsy syndrome, and other clinical variables. [Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02565966.]
Triple Dufourmentel hexagonal flap for scalp reconstruction
Authors: Moreno‐Casas G. , Pereira‐González A. , Rodríguez‐Nevado I. , Narváez‐Moreno B. , Chaves‐Álvarez A. , Peral‐Rubio F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTransposition flaps are some of the most commonly used flaps for reconstructing scalp defects. Limberg first described his rhomboid transposition flap in 1946. Dufourmentel flap was an improved version of the Limberg flap published in 1962 in which the base of the flap is widened to improve vascularisation. Transposition flaps are one of the best known and most widely used transposition flaps in reconstructive surgery. They have proven successful in different types of reconstructive and aesthetic situations as a full‐thickness random transposition flap. Combination of three Dufourmentel flaps to reconstruct hexagonal defects has not been reported in the literature. It is a modification of the triple Limberg flap, in which, after removing a hexagonal defect, we reconstruct the primary defect with a triple Dufourmentel flap. This flap is very useful for reconstructing large scalp defects as it provides a large amount of skin tissue with high viability; however, given its versatility, it could be used in other anatomical areas. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021 7:102544; Plast Reconstr Surg 2015 136:163–164; Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2020 28:17–22.
Feasibility and acceptability of curricula to promote healthy eating in the golden years
Authors: Roberson Lauren B. , Parker Kimberly A. , Ivanov Bobi , Hester Erin B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOlder adults are at increased risk for health‐related complications that are directly tied to nutrition (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Indicator definitions—Older adults, 2015; Nutritional risk among elderly rural midwestern women. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 3, 2000). This study developed curricula to teach older adults nutrition basics. The sample consisted of older adults participating in Senior Nutrition Program services in Kentucky. An in‐depth analysis of the feasibility and acceptability is discussed. Process evaluation focus groups revealed self‐reported knowledge gains related to reading a nutrition facts label, the ability to judge portion size, and greater awareness of grocery spending. Participants highlighted decreased calorie intake due to knowledge gains. Results offer practical implications for providing nutrition education to older adults.
Terrestrial surface stabilisation by modern analogues of the earliest land plants: A multi‐dimensional imaging study
Authors: Mitchell Ria L. , Kenrick Paul , Pressel Silvia , Duckett Jeff , Strullu‐Derrien Christine , Davies Neil , McMahon William J. , Summerfield Rebecca 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe evolution of the first plant‐based terrestrial ecosystems in the early Palaeozoic had a profound effect on the development of soils, the architecture of sedimentary systems, and shifts in global biogeochemical cycles. In part, this was due to the evolution of complex below‐ground (root‐like) anchorage systems in plants, which expanded and promoted plant–mineral interactions, weathering, and resulting surface sediment stabilisation. However, little is understood about how these micro‐scale processes occurred, because of a lack of in situ plant fossils in sedimentary rocks/palaeosols that exhibit these interactions. Some modern plants (e.g., liverworts, mosses, lycophytes) share key features with the earliest land plants; these include uni‐ or multicellular rhizoid‐like anchorage systems or simple roots, and the ability to develop below‐ground networks through prostrate axes, and intimate associations with fungi, making them suitable analogues. Here, we investigated cryptogamic ground covers in Iceland and New Zealand to better understand these interactions, and how they initiate the sediment stabilisation process. We employed multi‐dimensional and multi‐scale imaging, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray Computed Tomography (μCT) of non‐vascular liverworts (Haplomitriopsida and complex thalloids) and mosses, with additional imaging of vascular lycopods. We find that plants interact with their substrate in multiple ways, including: (1) through the development of extensive surface coverings as mats; (2) entrapment of sediment grains within and between networks of rhizoids; (3) grain entwining and adherence by rhizoids, through mucilage secretions, biofilm‐like envelopment of thalli on surface grains; and (4) through grain entrapment within upright ‘leafy’ structures. Significantly, μCT imaging allows us to ascertain that rhizoids are the main method for entrapment and stabilisation of soil grains in the thalloid liverworts. This information provides us with details of how the earliest land plants may have significantly influenced early Palaeozoic sedimentary system architectures, promoted in situ weathering and proto‐soil development, and how these interactions diversified over time with the evolution of new plant organ systems. Further, this study highlights the importance of cryptogamic organisms in the early stages of sediment stabilisation and soil formation today.
Reclassification of diffuse large B cell lymphoma to large B cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement in an adult population
Authors: Hesius Eva A M , van Laar Lidia , Oosterveld Margriet , van Spriel Annemiek B , Scheijen Blanca , Leeuwis Jan Willem , Marres Henri A M , Groenen Patricia J T A , Stevens Wendy B C , van der Spek Ellen , van den Brule Adriaan J C , Hoevenaars Brigiet M , Hebeda Konnie M , van den Brand Michiel 
Published: February 2023

AimsLarge B cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement (LBCL‐IRF4) is a new entity in the 2017 revised World Health Organisation (WHO) classification that was initially mainly reported in children. After identification of a 79‐year‐old patient, we assessed how often IRF4 rearrangements can be detected in adult diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) which have to be reclassified to LBCL‐IRF4 based on fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation (FISH) for IRF4.Methods and resultsWith FISH, we studied the presence of IRF4 rearrangements in 238 lymphomas that were diagnosed as DLBCL according to the previous WHO classification of 2008.ConclusionsIn addition to the index patient, an IRF4 rearrangement was detected in another five of 237 patients (2%). The immunohistochemical profile of these five IRF4 rearranged lymphomas was consistent with previous reports of LBCL‐IRF4. One case was recognised to represent transformation of follicular lymphoma rather than de‐novo LBCL‐IRF4. BCL6 rearrangements were found in two cases of LBCL‐IRF4; BCL2 and MYC rearrangements were excluded. Patients presented with limited stage disease with involvement of the head and neck in three patients, and involvement of the lung and thyroid in two others. This study shows that, although rare, LBCL‐IRF4 should also be considered in older patients and at localisations other than the head and neck region.
Genetic diversity and differentiation of isolated rear‐edge populations of a cold adapted butterfly, Erebia aethiops, in Britain
Authors: Gunson Lucy R. , Roberts Michael R. , Menéndez Rosa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Rear‐edge populations of cold‐adapted species are highly vulnerable to climate change, their adaptations maybe critical for the persistence of the species as a whole.
Using AFLP, we investigated population genetic diversity and differentiation of Scotch argus (Erebia aethiops), a cold‐adapted butterfly, comparing isolated rear‐edge and core populations in Britain, a relict part of the species range. We also examined genetic differences among sub‐populations and dispersal distances conducting a mark‐release‐recapture (MRR) study at the rear‐edge.
Genetic diversity was higher in the isolated rear‐edge populations than populations at the core of the range and declined with latitude, supporting the idea that current differences in genetic diversity levels across Britain are likely the result of historical range changes after the last glaciation.
Populations were genetically differentiated among regions, meaning that losing the isolated rear‐edge populations may prove detrimental for the survival of the species in Britain, as these populations are likely to be better adapted to warmer climates.
We found that the largest population at the rear‐edge is genetically robust, with gene flow among patches, likely maintained by males as indicated by the higher dispersal distances recorded for males in the MRR, but colonisation of empty patches is constrained by females' low mobility.
Our results highlight that isolated populations at the rear‐edge of cold‐adapted species should be considered of high conservation priority, as they hold higher levels of genetic diversity and differentiation which may prove to be key for the survival of these species under global warming.
Antioxidative and anti‐ageing effects of nucleotide‐rich yeast hydrolysate by modulating metabolites in Caenorhabditis elegans based on metabonomic analysis
Authors: Li Quancen , Li Na , Cai Wenwen , Zhang Haibo , Chen Zhixian , Gong Shiyu , Liu Bin , Zeng Feng 
Published: February 2023

SummaryIn the food industry, yeast was used to regulate food flavour and produce fermented products. In recent years, research has found that yeast contains amino acids, peptides and other active substances, but there was little research on its improvement of health benefits. In this study, the antioxidant and anti‐ageing activities of nucleotide‐rich yeast hydrolysates (NYH) were explored in Caenorhabditis elegans nematode model system, it was found that the lifespan, anti‐heat stress and anti‐acute oxidative stress were enhanced in C. elegans supplemented with NYH by up‐regulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and down‐regulating the level of MDA and ROS. The mRNA expression level such as age‐1 and daf‐2 was significantly down‐regulated. In addition, the antioxidant and anti‐ageing activities of NYH were exerted mainly through tyrosine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and glutathione metabolism metabolic pathways. These results showed that NYH had the potential of antioxidation and anti‐ageing, which provided a possibility for the development of yeast products as a functional food in food science.
Integrative analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression through machine learning identifies stomach cancer diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers
Authors: Hosseini Maryam , Lotfi‐Shahreza Maryam , Nikpour Parvaneh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDNA methylation is an early event in tumorigenesis. Here, by integrative analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression and utilizing machine learning approaches, we introduced potential diagnostic and prognostic methylation signatures for stomach cancer. Differentially‐methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially‐expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) data. A total of 256 DMPs consisting of 140 and 116 hyper‐ and hypomethylated positions were identified between 443 tumour and 27 nontumour STAD samples. Gene expression analysis revealed a total of 2821 DEGs with 1247 upregulated and 1574 downregulated genes. By analysing the impact of cis and trans regulation of methylation on gene expression, a dominant negative correlation between methylation and expression was observed, while for trans regulation, in hypermethylated and hypomethylated genes, there was mainly a negative and positive correlation with gene expression, respectively. To find diagnostic biomarkers, we used 28 hypermethylated probes locating in the promoter of 27 downregulated genes. By implementing a feature selection approach, eight probes were selected and then used to build a support vector machine diagnostic model, which had an area under the curve of 0.99 and 0.97 in the training and validation (GSE30601 with 203 tumour and 94 nontumour samples) cohorts, respectively. Using 412 TCGA‐STAD samples with both methylation and clinical data, we also identified four prognostic probes by implementing univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. In summary, our study introduced potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for STAD, which demands further validation.
The characteristics and acceptance of Technology‐Enabled diabetes prevention programs (t‐DPP) amongst individuals with prediabetes: A scoping review
Authors: Teo Jun Yi Claire , Ramachandran Hadassah Joann , Jiang Ying , Seah Chuen Wei Alvin , Lim Suan Tee , Nguyen Hoang D. , Wang Wenru 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAim and ObjectiveAs rising global prevalence of diabetes burdens an overstrained healthcare system, it would be prudent to employ primary prevention strategies. This review aims to detail characteristics of technology‐enabled diabetes prevention programs (t‐DPP) and the technology acceptance amongst prediabetic individuals.DesignA scoping review.Review MethodsSummative and direct content analysis.Data SourcesSeven electronic databases—PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science—were searched from inception till 9 June 2022 for primary studies conducted on t‐DPP. Initial search identified 2412 unique articles. Removal of duplicates and irrelevant articles resulted in 58 full text articles screened and 17 articles meeting the eligibility criteria. There was no limitation to study type or year of publication, but language was limited to English.ResultsCommon t‐DPP characteristics include physical activity (n = 17), diet control (n = 16), coaching (n = 12), social support (n = 9) and skills acquisition (n = 12). Technological acceptance of t‐DPPs were generally positive as participants found them useful (n = 5) and easy to use (n = 4), with majority of the participants interested (n = 5) and engaging well with it (n = 13). However, personal‐, design‐ and technological‐level factors were found to negatively influence t‐DPPs acceptance.ConclusionThis review reported a generally positive technological acceptance. The result encourages remote delivery of diabetes prevention programs, offering researchers a guide to t‐DPP development. However, it also highlights the need for integration of behavioural change theories and socio‐cultural considerations, with gaps in knowledge amongst men and young adults.Implications for NursingThe success of t‐DPP can reinforce clinical advice and sustain health behaviours advocated by nurses. Involvement of diabetes‐trained nurses would enable continual risk assessment, monitoring and timely intervention to prevent diabetes and potential complications.Reporting MethodPRISMA‐ScR checklist.
How much his or her job loss influences fertility: A couple approach
Authors: Di Nallo Alessandro , Lipps Oliver 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe analyze the effect of job loss on couple's fertility within 5 years, in the United Kingdom and Germany. We contribute to the literature by assessing to what extent a man's and a woman's job loss is consequential. Further, we study the effects based on couples' income, earnings division between partners, parental status, and women's age.BackgroundA job loss may decrease the couple's fertility as a drop in resources reduces parents' investments to devote to a newborn—or it may increase the risk of a new birth because a job loss reduces the opportunity cost of a birth, especially if the woman loses her job.MethodWe analyze couples from large population‐representative panel surveys in Germany (N = 15,029) and the United Kingdom (N = 15,932) containing yearly information about employment, relationship status, and fertility histories. We carry out estimates with linear probability models and inverse probability weighting methods.ResultsOur results show that men's and, to a large extent, women's job loss negatively affects the chances of birth, especially in the United Kingdom. The subgroups mostly hit are income‐egalitarian/female breadwinner and childless couples, with women in their mid‐20 s up to late 30 s in the United Kingdom; income‐egalitarian/male‐breadwinner families, with 35‐year to 40‐year‐old women and one child in Germany; middle‐income couples are relatively more affected in both countries.ConclusionA job loss makes couples less likely to have a child, particularly if the affected partner is a woman. The income effect jointly with other “unemployment scars” likely prevails on the reduction of opportunity costs of job loss.
Participation and enjoyment in Out‐of‐School activities during adolescence as predictors of activities in adulthood
Authors: Simpkins Sandra D. , Vandell Deborah Lowe , Liu Yangyang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examined associations between adolescents' participation in out‐of‐school activities and their participation in activities at age 26 (N = 1041, 50% girls, 77% White). More frequent adolescent participation in sports, arts, volunteer/community service, and religious activities increased the odds of participating in the same type of activity at age 26. Adolescents' enjoyment of activities partially explained the developmental continuity in activity participation. There was limited evidence that individuals' participation across different types of activities was associated. Finally, the diversity or breadth of adolescents' activity participation was associated with larger activity breadth at age 26. These findings suggest that adolescents' out‐of‐school activities help set the stage for participating in similar, but not different activities during young adulthood.