bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aqueous and Vitreous Levels of Scube-1 in Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gediz Berrak Sekeryapan , DOGUIZI SIBEL , Senes Mehmet , Serin Fatih , Camgoz Esra Bahadir , Soba Dilek Özcelik , Eroglu Fatma Corak , Erol Yasemin Ozdamar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
To determine the aqueous humor and vitreous levels of SCUBE-1 in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
Methods
A total of 21 patients with PDR and 11 patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (control) were included in this case-control study. The patients with PDR were divided into two groups: patients with vitreous hemorrhage (VH) and patients with tractional retinal detachment (TRD) due to an active fibrovascular membrane. Aqueous and vitreous samples obtained at the beginning of surgery were analyzed for SCUBE-1 levels.
Results
The mean aqueous humor SCUBE-1 value (ng/mL) was 0.82 ± 0.18 in the VH group, 0.87 ± 0.36 in the TRD group and 0.75 ± 0.29 in the control group. There was no significant differences between groups in terms of aqueous humor SCUBE-1 levels (p > 0.05, for all values). The mean vitreous SCUBE-1 value (ng/mL) was 1.95 ± 0.52 in the VH group, 1.17 ± 0.29 in the TRD group and 0.89 ± 0.21 in the control group. Vitreous SCUBE-1 values in the VH group were significantly higher than in the TRD and control groups (p = 0.034 and p = 0.027, respectively). The difference between the TRD group and control group was also significant in terms of vitreous SCUBE-1 values (p = 0.044).
Conclusion
Higher vitreous SCUBE-1 levels in patients with VH indicate that SCUBE-1 can be a valuable marker of retinal ischemia in diabetic patients. Further, the lower vitreous levels of SCUBE-1 in patients with TRD may suggest that SCUBE-1 is specifically involved in the angiogenesis phase. Further studies are needed to define the role of SCUBE-1 in the course of PDR.
Aging and putative frailty biomarkers are altered by spaceflight
Authors: Camera Andrea , Tabetah Marshall , Castañeda Verónica , Kim JangKeun , Singh Aman , Haro-Vinueza Alissen , Salinas Ivonne , Seylani Allen , Arif Shehbeel , Das Saswati , Mori Marcelo , Carano Anthony , De Oliveira Lorraine Christine , Muratani Masafumi , Barker Richard , Zaksas Victoria , Goel Chirag , Dimokidis Eleni , Taylor Deanne , Jeong Jisu , Overbey Eliah , Meydan Cem , Porterfield D. Marshall , Díaz Juan , Caicedo Andrés , Schisler Jonathan , Laiakis Evagelia , Mason Christopher , Kim Man , Karouia Fathi , Szewczyk Nathaniel , Beheshti Afshin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Human space exploration is hazardous, causing molecular changes that can alter astronauts' health. This can include genomic instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased inflammation, homeostatic dysregulation, and epigenomic changes. These alterations are similar to changes during aging on Earth. However, little is known about the link between these changes and disease development in space. Frailty syndrome is a robust predictor associated with biological aging, however its existence during spaceflight has not been examined. We used murine data from NASA’s GeneLab and astronaut data from JAXA and Inspiration4 missions to evaluate the presence of biological markers and pathways related to frailty, aging and sarcopenia. We identified changes in gene expression that could be related to the development of a frailty-like condition. These results suggest that the parallels between spaceflight and aging may extend to frailty as well. Future studies examining the utility of a frailty index in monitoring astronaut health appear warranted.
Dilute Acceptor-bound Excitons in a Monolayer Semiconductor
Authors: Loh Leyi , Xuan Fengyuan , Aguila Andres Granados del , Chen Yuan , Ho Yi Wei , Wang Junyong , Wang Zhe , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Koperski Maciej , Bosman Michel , Quek Su Ying , Eda Goki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Atomic defects in two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are promising single exciton traps for achieving quantum emission. However, excessively high density of defects often makes it impractical to optically address the quantum nature of such quasi-particles, preventing strategic exciton engineering. Here, we report a versatile strategy for dilute acceptor impurity doping of monolayer WS2, which enables the study of isolated bound excitons. We observe two distinct types of acceptor-bound excitons: one of them is characterized by a large binding energy, allowing its observation at room temperature and the other by an extremely narrow linewidth (< 1 meV), showing strong resemblance to quantum emitters in WSe2. Polarization-resolved spectroscopy and magnetic field dependence reveal their strong contribution of free exciton character. In particular, the latter type exhibits characteristics of acceptor-bound dark excitons. Our work demonstrates dilute impurity doping as a promising strategy towards optically addressable quantum states in monolayer semiconductors.
In Utero Exposure to Hormonal Contraception and Long-term Child Mortality: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Mørch Lina , Gamborg Mads , Hemmingsen Caroline , Skovlund Charlotte , Kjaer Susanne , Hargreave Marie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Approximately 400 million women of the reproductive-age use hormonal contraceptives worldwide. Eventually pregnancy sometimes occur due to irregular use. Use in early pregnancy has been found associated with child morbidities, including cancer, the main reason for disease-related death in children. Here, we add the missing piece about in utero exposure to hormonal contraception and child mortality in offspring; including assessments of prognosis in children with cancer. In utero exposure to hormonal contraception was associated with increased child mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.48), compared to children of mothers with previous use. The HRs were 1.22 (95% CI 0.99–1.13) for oral combined products and 2.92, (95% CI 1.21–7.04) for non-oral progestin only products. Poorer prognosis was also found in exposed children with leukemia (3.62 [95% CI: 1.33–9.87]). If causal, hormonal contraception in pregnancy seem detrimental for offspring health; and a marker of poorer prognosis in children with leukemia.
Pendelluft in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome during Spontaneous breathing
Authors: Lin Wei-Chieh , Su Pei-Fan , Chen Chang-Wen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Pendelluft occurs in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during spontaneous breaths. Quantifying pendelluft in ARDS patients has not been performed before. We combined electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and respiratory mechanics monitoring to quantitatively examine pendelluft in trigger and reverse triggering breaths in mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS.
Methods
EIT and respiratory mechanics measurements were analyzed in 20 mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS during transitioning from controlled to spontaneous breaths following discontinuance of myorelaxant under volume-cycled ventilation. Breath selection was based on 4 levels of esophageal pressure swing (∆Pes). These were rest (0 cm H2O, breaths = 200), low (< 5cm H2O, breaths = 471), moderate (≥ 5, < 10cm H2O, breaths = 906), and high effort (≥ 10cm H2O, breaths = 565). A total of 2,142 breaths were analyzed.
Results
The pendelluft response to breathing efforts varied and was significantly greater in trigger versus reverse triggering breaths (3.9 ± 6.8 vs 1.9 ± 2.8 ml, respectively, p < 0.0001). There were two distinct patterns of effort-related pendelluft (high vs. low pendelluft group) in trigger and reverse triggering breaths based on pendeluft- ∆Pes slope (ml/cmH2O). For trigger breaths, high pendelluft group (n = 9, slope 0.7 to 2.4 ml/cmH2O) was significantly associated with lower peak airway/plateau pressure and lower respiratory system/lung elastance than low pendelluft group (n = 11, slope − 0.1 to 0.3 ml/cmH2O). For reverse triggering breaths, there was no difference in respiratory mechanics between high (n = 4, 0.49 to 2.53 ml/cmH2O) and low pendelluft (n = 12, -0.22 to 0.25 ml/cmH2O) groups. The prediction of pendelluft by ∆Pes was characterized by a low positive predictive value. ARDS cases with high effort-related pendelluft were uncommon. The prediction of pendelluft was not significant in reverse triggering breaths.
Conclusions
Effort-related pendelluft should be individualized. Pendelluft is higher in trigger breaths than reverse triggering breaths. For trigger breaths, high pendelluft is likely to occur in ARDS patients with lower lung elastance and lower peak airway/plateau pressure. However, ARDS cases with high effort-related pendelluft were uncommon in our study population.
Diversity of marine cyanobacteria in island mangroves of Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, Southeast India
Authors: Silambarasan Ganesan , Kathiresan Kandasamy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present work analysed diversity of cyanobacteria in rhizosphere soil samples, collected from four mangrove species from seven islands of Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, southeast India. A total of 103 cyanobacterial species belonging to 17 families were identified with 35 unicellular, 21 heterocystous and 47 non-heterocystous forms. The cyanobacterial count was positively correlated with temperature, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and total organic carbon, and negatively correlated with salinity and trace metals. The cyanobacterial counts varied with islands and mangrove species and also with environmental parameters, nutrients and heavy metals. Soil salinity was the maximum (48±4.5 ppt) in Shingle Island and the minimum (25±3.1ppt) in Manoli Island but the temperature exhibited a reverse trend. Soil temperature was the lowest (25.1±3.1OC) in Shingle Island and the highest (31.5±4.1OC) in Manoli Island. The Manoli Island exhibited the maximum soil pH (8.8±1.7) and Eh (-131.2±34 mV). The soil pH was minimum in Kurusadai Island (6.7±1.1) while Eh was the lowest in Pullivasal Island (-198.2±41 mV).
Identification of a chromatin regulator signature and potential candidate drugs for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Mao Jiazhen , Li Yifan , Tang Weidong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a cancerous tumor that has an unfavorable prognosis. The involvement of chromatin regulators (CRs) in the development of cancer is now supported by a growing body of research. Therefore, we aimed at investigate the function and prognostic importance of CRs in HCC patients. From the prior outstanding research, chromatin regulators (CRs) were obtained. The mRNA expression and clinical data were acquired from the TCGA database. Utilizing Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, a risk model for predicting the outcome of HCC was created using the prognostic gene. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted in order to compare the prognosis between high-risk and low-risk groups. We also looked into the differences in drug sensitivity between high-risk and low-risk groups. To estimate prospective small molecule drug therapy, the CMAP dataset was employed. A 13 CRs-based model for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients was effectively built and verified. Furthermore, we discovered that the 13 CRs-based model was a standalone prognostic factor. Functional analysis suggested that the majority of the signaling pathways involved in cancer were enriched in CRs. The immune checkpoint and immune cell infiltration were also associated with the CR-based model. Several medications, including Docetaxel, DMOG, Dasatinib, Axitinib, and Vorinostat, were more sensitive for patients in the high-risk category. Eight small molecule drugs could be beneficial in the treatment of people with HCC. As a result, our research offered novel perspectives into the function of CRs in HCC. We identified a trustworthy prognostic biomarker for the survival of HCC patients.
Real-time Jellyfish Classification and Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv4-Tiny and Improved Underwater Image Enhancement Algorithm
Authors: Gao Meijing , Li Shiyu , Wang Kunda , Bai Yang , Ding Yan , Zhang Bozhi , Guan Ning , Wang Ping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Large-scale jellyfish outbreaks have caused a severe threat to both human life and marine ecology. Therefore, jellyfish-detecting technology has garnered a lot of interest. The paper investigates jellyfish detection and classification algorithms based on optical imagery and deep learning theory. First, an underwater image enhancement algorithm is proposed. In addition, the article creates a dataset of 11926 photos that contains seven jellyfish species and fish. An improved YOLOv4-tiny algorithm is suggested based on the Convolutional Block Attention Module and a better training approach. According to the results, the accuracy of the improved algorithm reaches 95.01%, which is 1.55% higher than the YOLOv4 algorithm and 2.55% higher than the YOLOv4-tiny algorithm. Additionally, the detection speed is 223 FPS, substantially faster than the YOLOv4 algorithm's 43.9 FPS. In conclusion, our method can detect the jellyfish accurately and quickly. The paper establishes the groundwork for developing a real-time submarine jellyfish monitoring system.
Vis-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy in mapping of soil physical-chemical attributes in areas cultivated with irrigated mango in the Brazilian semi-arid region
Authors: Souza Patrícia Araujo , Rodrigues Marcos Sales , Costa Daniel dos Santos , Silva Kátia Araújo da , Lima Augusto Miguel Nascimento 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The adoption of specific soil management in agricultural areas requires a series of soil analyses, which is time-consuming and costly. In this context, Vis-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy (visible - near infrared - short-wave infrared) emerges as an alternative to determine soil attributes quickly, with lower cost and few environmental impacts. Thus, the objective of this study was to map the physical-chemical attributes of the soil in areas cultivated with irrigated mango in different soil classes in the Brazilian semi-arid region using Vis-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy. In total 318 soil samples were used. For these samples, the reflectance spectra were obtained (350 to 2500 nm) and the values of pH, EC (electrical condutivicty), Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Al3+, P, H + Al, TOC (total organic carbon), sand and clay were determined by standard analytical methods. For the development of predictive models, the techniques of Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used. For the predictive models that had R2 above 0.50, the semivariograms and maps of the soil attributes determined by the reference methods and by Vis-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy were constructed. The PLSR and MLR regression models provided strong predictions for sand, clay and TOC, moderate for Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, weak for pH, CE, K+ and Al3+ and very weak for H + Al and P. The maps of soil attributes showed the existence of spatial correlation with each other. Therefore, the Vis-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy is a potential tool for evaluation of soil and mapping of fruit growing areas.
An Urban Air Quality Assessment Based on a Meteorological Perspective
Authors: Kaya İbrahim , Özdemir Hüseyin , Çapraz Özkan , Atmaca Eyüp , Türkel Veysel , Deniz Ali , Demir Göksel , Ünal Alper 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An integrated approach to understanding all measured pollutants with multi-discipline in different time scales and understanding the mechanisms hidden under low Air Quality conditions are essential for tackling potential air pollution issues. Sivas is a province located in the Eastern region of Türkiye with a developing industry and a growing population, and its climate is known as arid and cold. Since the end of 2016, the province has started to replace the habit of using coal for domestic heating and industry with natural gas. Despite this development, especially in Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5), the province reaches very high pollution values every winter, threatening public health. In this study, the air pollution of Sivas province was analysed with meteorological and PM2.5 data over six years. It was found that the winter period (January-February-November-December) of every year except 2019 -which has missing data- is the period with the highest air pollution in the province. In addition, the fact that the days exceeding the daily PM2.5 limit values in 2016, 2017, 2020 and 2021 were also seen in the spring and summer months caused the study to focus on additional emission sources such as long-range dust transport and road vehicles. The year 2017, which has the highest values, was analysed in detail. Pollution periods with the highest episodes in 2018 were analysed with the HYSPLIT and DREAM models. As a result of the study, the average PM2.5 values in 2017 were found to be 31.66 ± 19.2 µg/m3 and a correlation of -0.49 between temperature and PM2.5. As a result of model outputs, it was observed that the inversion is intensely observed in the province, which is associated with an increase of PM2.5 during the episodes. Especially on days with daily average PM2.5 values above 100 µg/m3, dust transport from the Arabian Peninsula is observed. Additionally, analysis of Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) data and PM pollution revealed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.61). It was noted that pollution persisted over the province during low PBL hours, particularly during high PM2.5 concentration periods.
Global per-capita CO 2 emission trends and the driving forces for shifts in the center of gravity
Authors: Yang Shuai , Wang Xuemei , Ge Zhongxi , Ma Mingguo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Carbon emissions have received increasing international attention in recent years and countries have undertaken different measures to control emissions. Research into carbon emissions has also increased year by year, but remains mainly focused on national total carbon emissions, and per-capita carbon emissions have received less attention. This paper investigates spatial and temporal changes in per-capita carbon emissions and uses the Mann-Kendall test to assess the directions and magnitudes of trends, and to investigate abrupt changes in per-capita carbon emissions.
Results: We found the highest positive growth rate in Oman, at 0.439 mts/yr, and the highest negative growth rate in United Arab Emirates, at -0.462 mts/yr. If no further mitigation measures are taken, we estimate that the current emissions trends will persist into the future for 86% of countries. The number of change-points was greatest in 1994 and smallest in 1999. The shift in the center of gravity for per-capita carbon emissions changed direction in 2004. From 1992 to 2004, the gravity center for per-capita carbon emissions gradually shifted to the southwest, and, after 2004, it gradually shifted to the southeast until 2018.
Conclusions: Europe has entered the carbon reduction phase, but it is not yet significant, and carbon emissions are still increasing in the rest of the continent. The main driver for the westward shift in the gravity center before 2004 was that carbon emissions grew more strongly in the West than in the East before 2004, while the driver for the eastward shift in the gravity center after 2004 was a combination of emission reductions in the West and emission increases in the East.
Predictors of Anxiety, Depression, and Somatization: A Prospective Study of 1807 Cancer Patients Short title
Authors: Velasco-Durantez Veronica , Cruz-Castellanos Patricia , Hernandez Raquel , Rodriguez-Gonzalez Adan , Montes Ana Fernandez , Gallego Alejandro , Manzano-Fernandez Aranzazu , Sorribes Elena , Zafra Marta , Carmona-Bayonas Alberto , Calderon Caterina , Jimenez-Fonseca Paula 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cancer causes distress, resulting in anxiety, depression or somatization. The aim was to investigate sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors associated with psychological distress in cancer patients. This prospective and multicenter study, conducted by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM), included two cohorts of patients with cancer (localized resected or advanced unresectable). They completed surveys to evaluate psychological distress (BSI-18), coping (MINI-MAC), and spirituality (FACIT-sp). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. Between 2019-2022, 1807 patients were evaluated, mostly women (54%), average age 64 years. The most frequent primary cancers were colorectal (30%), breast (25%) and lung (18%). Older individuals (OR0.98, CI95% 0.97-0.99), and males (OR0.66, CI95% 0.51-0.84 and OR0.75, CI95% 0.58-0.97) had less anxiety and depression. Colorectal cancer patients had less depression (OR0.67, CI95% 0.47-0.95) and somatization (OR0.71, CI95% 0.52-0.97). Patients with localized cancer and with spiritual beliefs had lower levels of psychological distress, while those with anxious preoccupation had higher levels. After treatment, patients with pre-existing distress and anxious preoccupation experienced an increase in psychological distress while those with localized cancer showed reduced levels of anxiety and somatization. This study suggests that age, sex, extension and location of cancer, coping and spirituality influence psychological distress in cancer patients.
Relationship between moderate-to-vigorous, light intensity physical activity and sedentary behavior in a prospective cohort of older French adults: a 18-year follow-up of mortality and cardiovascular events ─ The PROOF cohort study
Authors: Dupré Caroline , Brégère Marlène , Berger Mathieu , Pichot Vincent , Celle Sébastien , Garet Martin , Fundenberger Hervé , Barth Nathalie , Guyot Jessica , Bongue Bienvenu , Barthélémy Jean-Claude , Roche Frédéric , HUPIN David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground:It is well documented that moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) is effective in the prevention of major chronic diseases. Even though the current international physical activity (PA) guidelines still mainly focus on MVPA, the topic of the most recent epidemiological studies has shifted from MVPA to light intensity physical activity (LPA), owing to the necessity of promoting all activities vs. sedentary behavior (SB). However, the evidence remains currently limited. Thus, the clarification of the effects of LPA and the close relationship with SB is crucial to promote public health.Method:PA and SB were assessed by a validated self-administered questionnaire (POPAQ) investigating 5 different types of PA during the 7 previous days. PA was measured in metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-h, which refers to the amount of energy (calories) expended per hour of PA. SB was measured in hour/day. Medical histories and examinations were taken during each clinical visit to determine clinical events. All-cause mortality was established using the same procedure and by checking local death registries. The relationships between the intensity of PA (light, moderate to vigorous) and mortality and between the periods of SB and mortality or CV events were analyzed by splines and COX models, adjusted for sex and year of birth.Results:From the 1011 65-year-old subjects initially included in 2001 (60% women), the last 18-year follow-up has been currently completed since 2019. A total of 197 deaths (19.2%, including 77 CV deaths) and 195 CV events (19.3%) were reported. Averages (standard deviation) of MVPA, LPA and SB were respectively 1.2 h/d (0.3), 5.8 h/d (1.1) and 6.6 h/d (2.3). For all-cause deaths, as well as CV deaths, the splines were significant for LPA (p=0.04 and p=0.01), and MVPA (p<0.001 and p<0.001), but not for SB (p=0.24 and p=0.90). There was a significant reduction in CV events when SB was decreasing from 10.9 to 3.3 h/d.Conclusion:The PROOF cohort study shows a clear dose-response between the dose of LPA, MVPA, SB and risk of mortality. These findings provide additional evidence to support the inclusion of LPA in future PA guidelines.