bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JOINT TRAJECTORIES OF SOCIAL ISOLATION AND LONELINESS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ACCELERATED BIOLOGICAL AGING
Authors: Qi Xiang , Belsky Daniel , Yang Yang , Ng Ted , Wu Bei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Social isolation and loneliness (SI/L) are associated with a variety of physical and mental health conditions. Biological aging is a proposed mechanism through which psychosocial factors drive health disparities. However, it is not known how SI/L separately and jointly affect biological aging. Using longitudinal data (N=1,965 adults, aged 50+) in Health and Retirement Study (2006 to 2016), we tested the joint trajectories of SI/L and their differential effects on biological aging as quantified by five DNA Methylation clocks (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, GrimAge, and DunedinPoAm). A group-based mixture modeling approach was used to fit the joint trajectories of SI/L. Biological aging was measured using residuals from regressing each clock on chronological age. Linear regressions were used to test associations of joint trajectories of SI/L with biological aging. Four SI/L trajectories were identified, including Rarely isolated and rarely lonely (47.8%), Moderately isolated and rarely lonely (15.5%), Rarely isolated and severely lonely (20.2%), and Persistently isolated and lonely (16.5%). Of all joint trajectory groups, the Rarely isolated and rarely lonely group had the youngest biological age as estimated by the Hannum, PhenoAge, and GrimAge clocks. Compared with the Rarely isolated and severely lonely group, the Moderately isolated and rarely lonely group had higher age acceleration for PhenoAge (β=0.10; 95% CI=0.01, 0.19), and GrimAge (β=0.20; 95% CI=0.06,0.33), and DunedinPoAm (β=0.21; 95% CI=0.09,0.33). Different trajectories of SI/L convey differential risks to biological aging. Future research is needed to investigate the differences and similarities of SI/L trajectories and identify intervention targets for ameliorating aging.
BUILDING OUR LARGEST DEMENTIA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ALZHEIMER'S ACT: POLICIES ADVANCING HEALTHY AGING
Authors: McGuire Lisa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
While public health experts cannot yet say how to prevent Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), emerging science indicates that ADRD may be slowed through risk reduction strategies, early diagnosis, and better education and training of front-line health care professionals. Recognizing these scientific advances, the National Plan to Address Alzheimer’s Disease: 2021 Update added a new goal, Goal 6, to the 10-year-old plan emphasizing risk reduction and healthy aging: Accelerate Action to Promote Healthy Aging and Reduce Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias. CDC is authorized through Building Our Largest Dementia (BOLD) Infrastructure for Alzheimer's Act (P.L. 115-406) to create a uniform national public health infrastructure through BOLD Program and Public Health Centers of Excellence. This presentation will highlight CDC activities that not only build a uniform national public health infrastructure but also promote healthy aging consistent with Goal 6 of the 2021 National Plan.
ELEVATING HEALTHY AGING: HOW PUBLIC HEALTH IS SUPPORTING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Phillips Karon , Wolfe Megan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Trust for America’s Health (TFAH) leads the national Age-Friendly Public Health Systems initiative which focuses on expanding the public health role in healthy aging. The roles of public health include creating and leading policy, systems, and environmental changes; connecting and convening multi-sector stakeholders to improve older adult health and well-being; and collecting and translating data on older adult health to inform interventions in communities and states. TFAH will share examples of how public health departments are elevating healthy aging as a core function.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN SOCIAL ISOLATION AND HOSPITAL STAYS, NURSING HOME ENTRY, AND MORTALITY OVER TIME
Authors: Pomeroy Mary Louise , Gimm Gilbert , Cuellar Alison , Ihara Emily , Cudjoe Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study examined social isolation as a risk factor for hospitalization, nursing home stays, and mortality among a longitudinal sample of 12,860 community-dwelling older adults ages 65+ between 2006-2018. Using seven waves of Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data, we examined associations between social isolation and hospitalization, nursing home stays, and mortality. Social isolation scores ranged from 0-6 using an established typology with six objective measures of social interactions: 1) marital status; 2) living arrangement; 3) monthly communication with children; 4) family; 5) and friends; and, 6) monthly participation in groups, clubs, organizations, or religious services. Covariates included fixed demographics and time-variant characteristics including loneliness, depression, Medicaid enrollment, lifestyle behaviors, activities of daily living, number of chronic conditions, and Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias. Logistic regression analyses were conducted with panel data and random effects to examine associations between social isolation and each outcome over time. About 15% of the sample was socially isolated, with an average isolation score of 1.29. Social isolation significantly increased the odds of having a nursing home stay (OR = 1.22, p &lt; 0.001) and mortality (OR = 1.14, p &lt; 0.001). However, it was not significantly associated with overnight hospitalizations (OR = 0.97, p = 0.09). Social isolation may put older adults at greater risk for nursing home stays and mortality over time, as compared to social integration. Policies and practices to reduce social isolation can support aging at home or the community, delay nursing home entry, and reduce the risk of mortality.
LEVELING THE PLAYING FIELD: ONBOARDING AGING FELLOWS REPRESENTING DIVERSE DISCIPLINES
Authors: Kim Catherine , Latimer Nia , Bowers Katherine , Anderson Loretta , Martin Diane 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The transdisciplinary Innovations in Aging Graduate Fellowship program brought together graduate students from medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and social work. As a result, fellows entered the program with a range of exposure as to how aging impacts the body, social interactions, health needs, and society. Therefore, onboarding modules were utilized to provide an integrated perspective on aging. Topics for these onboarding modules included ageism, dimensions of wellness, and health and well-being in later life. Through these modules, fellows were able to customize their learning to meet their unique educational needs and goals related to their involvement in the fellowship program. In this session, we will share development of the fellowship program and highlight factors, such as the onboarding modules, that led to the program’s success.
INSIGHTS INTO HEALTH-RELEVANT INTERPERSONAL DYNAMICS IN AGING COUPLES FROM THE LAB AND DAILY LIFE
Authors: Pauly Theresa , Kolodziejczak Karolina , Röcke Christina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Emerging research demonstrates that long-term and daily health indicators are closely linked in aging partners. Yet, not much is known about exactly how partners get under each other’s skin. This symposium investigates different positive and negative interpersonal contexts, including physical intimacy, positive and negative emotional experiences, and couple conversations (e.g., conflict, recounting distressing memories, discussing enjoyable topics), and their link with neuroendocrine and cardiovascular markers. The four talks feature a variety of study designs ranging from laboratory research to ambulatory assessment methods which recruited couples in midlife and old age. Kolodziejczak et al. use ambulatory assessment data to examine links between (experienced and wished for) physical intimacy, affect, and cortisol in older couples. Pauly et al. pool data from three ambulatory assessment aging studies to analyze how own and partner positive and negative affective states are intertwined with everyday cortisol secretion in old age. Wilson et al. invited middle-aged to older couples to engage in two different conversations (recounting a difficult memory, conflict) and investigated concurrent changes in affect and cardiovascular activity. Meier and colleagues make use of automated language analysis to examine how positive and negative emotion word use during a positive and negative conversation in the laboratory relates to cardiovascular reactivity in middle-aged couples. The discussion by Christina Röcke will delineate insights gained from these four papers, discuss their strengths and limitations, and outline directions for future inquiry.
REASONS OLDER ADULTS START ATTENDING CONGREGATE MEAL PROGRAMS AND WHO ATTENDS FOR SOCIALIZATION
Authors: Robinson Kristen , Palmer Lauren , Gasdaska Angela , Hayes Michael , Nderitu Sara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Older Americans Act Nutrition Services Program’s congregate meals support food security and nutrition, promote socialization, and improve quality of life. Understanding what drives people to first attend a congregate meal program may support efforts to increase involvement. This study used the 2019 National Survey of Older Americans Act Participants to analyze the open-ended survey responses of congregate meal participants (N=1,072) on why they started attending the program. The top three reasons were that they sought socialization (36.3%), had a medical or age-related need (18.7%), or accompanied or were referred by a friend or relative (12.3%). We conducted descriptive analyses on differences in the demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics of those attending for socialization compared to others. Results indicated a relationship between attending congregate meals for socialization and several characteristics: these individuals are more often non-Hispanic white (p&lt; 0.05), widowed (p&lt; 0.05), aged 75 to 84 (p&lt; 0.05), and have at least a high school education (p&lt; 0.01). People who attend for socialization are also less likely to be lower income (p&lt; 0.01), living in cities (p&lt; 0.001), have food insecurity (p&lt; 0.01), and living with three or more ADLs (p&lt; 0.01). Findings suggest two subpopulations of congregate meal attendees: those who have the choice to attend and do so for socialization, and those who attend because of unmet needs (e.g., food insecurity or disability). Identification of different categories of participants and what drives them to attend congregate meal sites has implications for improvements to advertising congregate meal services, targeting of certain populations, and ultimately to increasing participation.
SIMULATING WELL-BEING AND LITERACY INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE ELDER SCAM SUSCEPTIBILITY
Authors: DeLiema Marguerite , Sur Aparajita 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Finanical fraud targeting older adults is on the rise, with annual losses in the billions of dollars. There is little longitudinal research on the causal relationships between known risk factors and scam susceptibility, including poor psychological well-being and poor health and financial literacy. Interventions designed to enhance well-being and/or literacy may reduce scam susceptibly among older adults. In this study, we use repeated measures from the Rush Memory and Aging Project to simulate how different trajectories in well-being and literacy might impact scam susceptibility among older adults alive over a seven year period. We simulated the effects of interventions of varying degrees -- 10%, 50%, and 100% increase in well-being/literacy from baseline scores. Simulations were performed for all participants as well as by education and income subgroups. Simulation models show that intervening on well-being causes a greater reduction in average scam susceptibility over time compared to intervening on total literacy. Even a 10% increase in baseline well-being significantly reduces scam susceptibility over time, regardless of participants’ baseline income or educational attainment. Both interventions caused slightly greater reductions in susceptibility for those who are not college educated and those with an annual household income of less than $30,000. This study suggests that interventions that target self-efficacy and sense of purpose may help reduce older adults’ scam susceptibility even more than interventions that improve health and financial literacy, but that both are promising targets for intervention.
PRESIDENTIAL SYMPOSIUM: REIMAGINING AGING AND LONG-TERM CARE FOR HEALTH EQUITY DURING AND POST-COVID-19: A HEALTH SCIENCES FOCUS
Authors: Corazzini Kirsten , Bakerjian Deb 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In line with the theme of the conference, this symposium highlights exemplars of health sciences scholars who are identifying key issues and opportunities to re-imagine aging and long-term care, through a health equity lens, as highlighted by COVID-19. This lens is inclusive of the wide range of long-term care stakeholders whose well-being and health outcomes have been affected throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, including older adults, family caregivers, and the healthcare workforce. We focus in particular on vulnerable aging populations, such as older adults who are living with neurocognitive disorders, racial/ethnic minority older adults, and older adults receiving palliative care. Finally, we consider these issues at both individual and systems-levels. Our first presenter examines person and family engagement in assisted living for older adults living with ADRD and the impact of COVID-19. The second presenter provides insights into palliative care needs in nursing homes, and the implications for transition to an endemic. The third presenter examines long-term care needs in the community, with a focus on the consequences of unmet needs for racial/ethnic minority older adults. The fourth presenter highlights the role and capacity of the nurse practitioner in nursing homes during COVID. Our final presenters provide a systems-level look at the COVID-19 response, focusing on self-organizing community coalitions to support nursing homes. Presentations reveal how re-imagining aging and long-term care in health sciences, requires consideration of health inequities experienced throughout COVID-19, whether newly emerging inequities, or long-standing challenges and inequities that have been exacerbated by COVID-19.
THE LONG-TERM CARE STAFFING CRISIS AND COVID-19: ROLE OF THE NURSE PRACTITIONER
Authors: McGilton Katherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The residential long-term care sector has historically suffered from seemingly intractable staffing challenges in terms of ensuring adequate clinical expertise and a supportive work environment to address the complex health care needs of residents. Considerable evidence has demonstrated the devastating effect of COVID-19 on this fragile residential long-term care staffing structure, resulting in adverse outcomes among staff and residents alike, with the potential for permanent devastation without directed intervention. Drawing upon data from an Ontario-based study of nurse practitioner deployment during COVID-19, this talk will share an emergent approach to re-shaping expertise and capacity in Ontario, Canada through embedding nurse practitioners in residential long-term care homes. Results of this work helped to inform health policy action in the province to scale-up the use of nurse practitioners in long-term care homes, in order to enhance staff expertise and tackle the significant inequities of access to care among nursing home residents.
WHEN YOU GET TO A FORK IN THE ROAD, TAKE IT: SHOULD STATES FOLLOW YOGI'S ADVICE ON MANAGED LONG-TERM SERVICES?
Authors: Applebaum Robert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Today’s Medicaid challenges, coupled with the baby boom demographics, have every state in the nation recognizing the need to do something different in their Medicaid programs. Although achieving a better balance between institutional and home and community-based services has been an important reform in many states, it does not appear to be enough to create a working system. Medicaid managed long-term care and efforts to integrate Medicare and Medicaid is a growing option. Designed to control the acute and long-term care costs of older people and individuals with disability, the approach also is directed at linking the two disparate systems. A review of the array of studies examining this area shows mixed results, despite the popularity of this option at the state level. This paper introduces the evaluation of Ohio’s MyCare integrated care demonstration, raising questions about the important elements of these initiatives for policy makers, providers, and consumers.
EVALUATING EXPENDITURES AND UTILIZATION OF OHIO'S INTEGRATED MEDICARE AND MEDICAID PROGRAM
Authors: Bowblis John , Applebaum Robert , Nelson Matt 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In 2014, 29 of 88 Ohio counties implemented MyCare, which integrated Medicare and Medicaid for dually eligible Ohioans. Using an intent-to-treat, difference-in-difference framework we examined medical expenditures and utilization associated with the implementation of MyCare. Specifically, we compared dually eligible Ohioans in MyCare counties to those in non-MyCare counties from 2012 to 2018. Overall medical expenditures were lower in the MyCare counties post implementation compared to non-Mycare counties, with most of the difference attributed to Medicaid. The effects were larger for individuals in the community compared to long-term services and supports (LTSS) users. The implementation of MyCare is associated with a decrease in the use of nursing homes, a large increase in hospice, and among LTSS users not in a nursing home decreases in the utilization of home and community-based services. Interestingly, the proportion of individuals in MyCare counties classified as an LTSS user increased after the implementation of MyCare.
PROGRAM THEORY VERSUS IMPLEMENTATION: THE IMPORTANCE OF PROCESS IN UNDERSTANDING PROGRAM IMPACT
Authors: Heston-Mullins Jennifer , Koumoutzis Athena , Abbott Katherine , Bennett Dayna , Williams Karen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An extensive MyCare Ohio process evaluation was conducted to understand factors affecting everyday implementation. This involved a review of MyCare membership enrollment data and qualitative interviews and focus groups with state-level stakeholders (n=29), regional stakeholders comprised of Area Agency on Aging and MyCare Ohio Plan personnel and HCBS service providers (n=418), and MyCare members (n=40); which were audio-recorded, transcribed, and checked for accuracy prior to coding in Dedoose. Results show that while MyCare was originally envisioned as a program to coordinate Medicare and Medicaid services for dual-eligible, physically-disabled older adults, many MyCare members are under age 65 (47%), have opted out of the Medicare Advantage portion of MyCare (42%), and live with behavioral health diagnoses. This presentation will discuss how process evaluation is instrumental to understanding program impact and how younger members, members with behavioral health concerns, and opted-out members have shaped the implementation of MyCare Ohio.
THE BLACK BOX OF CARE MANAGEMENT IN MANAGED LONG-TERM SERVICES AND SUPPORTS
Authors: Abbott Katherine , Heston-Mullins Jennifer , Koumoutzis Athena , Bennett Dayna , Williams Karen , Applebaum Robert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Within Ohio’s MyCare demonstration, two distinct care management models were selected by the participating MyCare Ohio health plans (MCOPs): fully-delegated waiver care management and waiver service coordination. The purpose of this presentation is to describe the components of care management operating in MyCare Ohio. Qualitative interviews with n=91 Area Agency on Aging (AAA) and n=131 MCOP care management personnel were audio-recorded, transcribed, and checked for accuracy prior to thematic coding in Dedoose. Results indicate that comprehensive care management is the core element of MyCare Ohio. Fully-delegated care management models were viewed by participants as beneficial to reducing confusion for members however ‘scope creep’ challenged the already strained AAAs. Effective teamwork was identified for waiver service coordination models but the division of labor and communication needed between the AAA and MCOP care management personnel created tensions. The discussion will focus on practice recommendations for training, caseloads, and support staff.
REVISITING THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED TIME HORIZONS IN SOCIOEMOTIONAL SELECTIVITY THEORY
Authors: Chu Li , Carstensen Laura 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This symposium will consider the ways that time horizons may influence motivation and emotional well-being. Socioemotional selectivity theory postulates that goals and motivation shift from ones about learning and exploration to ones about emotional meaning as time horizons grow constrained as people age. This theory maintains that a focus on emotional goals explains why older adults tend to show better emotional well-being compared to younger adults. Many studies use the Future Time Perspective scale developed by Carstensen and Lang (1996) to measure perceived time left in life. However, several studies find more limited future time perspective does not contribute to better emotional well-being nor more positivity bias in cognitive processing and in some cases predicts poorer emotional well-being. The first presentation will focus on the future time perspective scale and its underlying structure. The second presentation will discuss the association between future time perspective and psychosocial well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The third presentation will review different measures of time perception and examine the relationship between future time perspective on age-related positivity effect. The last presentation will introduce a new concept and measurement, time savoring. Laura Carstensen will synthesize findings and offer insights regarding future life-span research on motivation and well-being.
THE DIMENSIONALITY OF FUTURE TIME PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Grühn Daniel , Knight Rebekah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There have been suggestions that the measure of future time perspective shows a two-factor structure. However, the two-factor structure coincides with positively- and negatively-framed items potentially indicating a method factor rather than a content factor. By using reversed-scored items in an adult sample (N = 1421, aged 19 to 79, M = 39.1, SD = 11.1), we found evidence that the two-factor structure is mainly due to the framing of the items representing method factors rather than representing separate content factors. Item framing might be more important in aging-related research than expected.
TIME HORIZONS VERSUS TIME SAVORING: WHICH BEST PREDICTS AGE-RELATED IMPROVEMENTS IN EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING?
Authors: Matteson Tyler , Chu Li , Carstensen Laura 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Previous research has shown that time horizons, as measured by the future time perspective (FTP) scale, yields mixed findings about the relationship between perceived time and emotional well-being. Expansive time horizons often predict better well-being than limited time horizons, raising questions about a core postulate of socioemotional selectivity theory (SST). The present study introduces a more nuanced construct about perceived time and introduces a new scale, time savoring, which captures the heightened value of time as time becomes more limited. Based on 1,384 participants (Mage = 54.55, age range = 18-96), time savoring and age are positively correlated (r(1,382) = .23, p &lt; .001). Time savoring partially mediates age and well-being (i.e., greater happiness, lower depressive symptoms, and higher life satisfaction). Parallel mediation with multiple mediators demonstrated the measure’s discriminant validity from FTP and personality measures (e.g., agreeableness and conscientiousness), offering a promising way to measure heightened value of time.