bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust locally linear embedding and its application in analogue circuit fault diagnosis
Authors: He Wei , Yuan Zhijie , Yin Baiqiang , Wu Wei , Min Zhixian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
During long-term operation of analogue circuits, fault diagnosis is important for preventing the occurrence of hazards. However, noise often accompanies sampled signals and makes the task of fault diagnosis more difficult. Therefore, developing a robust feature extraction technique is an indispensable part of fault diagnosis. The locally linear embedding (LLE) algorithm has recently emerged as a promising technique for dimensional reduction and feature extraction because it preserves linear neighborhoods, and it is quite effective when there is a locally linear dependent structure embedded in fault data. However, LLE is sensitive to noise. Therefore, the maximum correntropy criterion is adopted to resist non-Gaussian noise by seeking the optimal weight coefficient, and a half-quadratic optimization procedure is introduced to address the objective function. Moreover, softmax regression is applied to locate faults. Finally, two typical analogue circuit systems are used to demonstrate the robustness of the modified algorithm to non-Gaussian noise. The experimental results show that the robust LLE algorithm can outperform LLE in the extraction of fault features when there is non-Gaussian noise in the fault signals, and the proposed fault diagnosis method has a better effect in locating faults compared with other feature extraction methods.
Tailoring of microwave power density in an ECR ion source using an optimized ridge coupler
Authors: Phogat Monika , Mathew Jose V 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
One of the interesting areas in the Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECR-IS) design which requires further exploration is the microwave power launching scheme and the power coupling optimization with the plasma chamber. The electron heating efficiency and thereby the plasma density highly depends on the electric field distribution inside the plasma chamber; therefore, it is important to optimize the coupling of microwave power to the plasma chamber, to maximize the electric fields in the plasma chamber for a given microwave power. For this, a single-step quarter wavelength ridge coupler design study has been carried out using CST MW Studio Suite along with the plasma chamber and ridge wave guide designs. The experimental measurements of electric and magnetic field profiles in the plasma chamber assembly with different coupling configurations have been done using an innovative bead pull technique and a magnetic field probe. The experimental results match well with the simulation results and the comparative studies of different coupling configurations reveal that the single step ridge coupler based scheme improves the electric field inside the plasma chamber to at least five times than the conventional ridge waveguide. To further improve the E-field amplitude in the plasma chamber by another 40%, a novel tuning scheme for the coupler has been introduced. Preliminary plasma studies have been carried out with the optimized coupler on a multicusp ECR plasma source and the plasma density measurements performed using a microwave cut-off probe. The plasma measurements show that even at low input microwave powers (∼300 W) the plasma density is comparable with standard ECR-IS. The present study thus, sheds light on the coupling configuration of microwave to plasma chamber with experimental measurements of cavity mode and fields in the cavity which will be useful for high intensity accelerator applications in understanding the plasma evolution, beam parameters and its dependence on different operating parameters.
Study of gravastars in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Authors: Shah Hassan , Shah Hasrat Hussian , Ahmad Zahid , Hussain Sardar Muhammad , Ali Amna , Rahaman Farook 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the present work, we investigate the configuration of gravastar in the framework of

4


Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity. A gravastar is conceptually an alternative model for black holes, which has three distinct layers with different equations of state. Under these specifications, we find out a set of exact and singularity free solutions of the gravastar in

4


EGB gravity. The interior and exterior layers are matched by considering the Israel and Darmois junction conditions. The mass of the thin intermediate shell is formulated and various physical aspects of gravastar, specifically, energy of the shell, entropy inside the shell, intermediate thin shell and proper length of the shell is examined. It is noted that the Gauss-Bonnet term strongly affects the physical properties of gravastar in

4


EGB gravity.
Effect of dielectric mismatch on impurity binding energy, photoionization cross-section and stark shift of CdS/ZnSe core shell spherical quantum dots
Authors: Cherni A , Yahyaoui N , Zeiri N , Baser P , Said M , Saadaoui S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The variational approach has been used to investigate theoretically the effects of the dot radius and electric filed strength on binding energy (BE), Stark-shift and photoionization-cross section (PICS) of donor impurity confined in the (CdS/ZnSe) core/shell spherical quantum dot (CSSQDs) capped in different dielectric matrices such as the silicon dioxide (SiO2), the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Our achieved results showed that the BE and the Stark shift depended highly on the presence of the dielectric matrix and the modification of the core radius. The increase of applied electric field (EF) intensity and the core radius induces a decrease in the BE and lead to an improvement of (PICS) magnitude accompanied by the redshift of their resonance peaks.
Excitation spectrum and momentum distribution of the ionic Bose–Hubbard model
Authors: Nishizawa Hiroki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We investigate the excitation spectrum and momentum distribution of the ionic Bose–Hubbard model by the standard basis operator method. We derive Green’s functions in the random phase approximation in Mott insulator, superfluid, charge density wave, and supersolid phases. The excitation spectrum has gapped modes and gapless Goldstone modes in the superfluid and supersolid phases. We show that the momentum distribution has a peak at the zone corner in the supersolid phase and the charge density wave phase close to the phase boundary. In addition, we demonstrate that the momentum distribution can be explained by the excitation spectrum and spectral weights of hole excitation modes.
Statistic behaviors of gauge-invariance-dominated 1D chiral current random model
Authors: Wu Chen-Huan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
By considering energy flow, we construct the one-dimensional (1d) model consisting of the quasiparticles caused by asymmetric hopping (in carrier position space) or the complex bosonic potential whose varying gradient with a chiral ordering plays the role of ingredient of quasiparticles. A bosonic potential can be generated and the chaotic dynamics of chiral excitations after disorder average can be investigated in the presence of gauge invariance. This feature is also shared by the well-known non-Hermitian systems.
Nonclassicalities of hybrid coherent states
Authors: Turek Yusuf , Aishan Nuerbiya , Islam Akbar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We address the non-classicality of hybrid coherent (HC) states, i.e. states expressed as a superposition of coherent state and single-photon-added coherent (SPAC) state. In particular, we evaluate their photon statistics, squeezing, and negativity of the Wigner function. Our results indicated that the HC states could exhibit larger non-classicalities than the SPAC state. We also suggest a generation scheme for HC states, which involves Kerr nonlinearity and postselection.
To understand the miglitol adsorption behavior on BC3, BN, and GNS nanosheets using DFT and QTAIM analysis for drug delivery applications
Authors: Bithe Shahida Akter , Hasan Mehade , Oishi Adita Afrin , Dhali Palash , Roy Debashis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Utilizing nanomaterials in the drug delivery system has a potential impact on administering a drug to a patient’s body, and that helps to reduce the severe adverse effect by carrying them into the targeted cell location. The implementation of boron carbide (BC3), boron nitride (BN), and graphene nanosheet (GNS) as miglitol (MT) drug carriers in both gaseous and fluid phases has been evaluated using density functional theory. We methodically looked at the optimum adsorption energy, frontier molecular orbital, density of state, dipole moment, and UV–vis spectroscopy analysis to grasp the targeted drug delivery capability of these nanostructures. The adsorption energy analysis displayed that MT drug adsorption occurs stably on the nanosheet both in gas (−57.86 kj mol−1) and water (−43.72 kj mol−1) media. This physical interaction is suitable for an undeniable offloading of MT drugs to the targeted site. The outcomes of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) have also supported these assessments. Our study reveals that the BC3 nanosheet exhibits more stable adsorption of MT drugs than that of BN and GNS.
Effects of thermophoresis and brownian motion on the pulsating nano-fluid in a curved diseased arterial segment
Authors: Hussain M , Shabbir M S , Abbas Z 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this article, we have examined the impacts of curvature on the time dependent non-Newtonian flow of the nano-fluid. In this numerical study, a mathematical framework is created to analyse the impacts of blood shear thinning/thickening on the rheology of the nano-fluid within the curved channel, which is not yet explored. The pulsating flow of a nano-fluid (blood) through a curved artery with stenosis and post-stenotic dilatation in its interior is analyzed numerically to determine the impacts of Thermophoresis and Brownian motion. The basic suggested physical system mathematically incorporates the 2-dimensional curvilinear coordinate system. The Herschel-Bulkley model successfully captures the fluid’s rheology. By applying the mild stenosis premise, we are able to describe and simplify the highly coupled momentum, energy, and mass concentration. The non-dimensionalized governing equations associated with the boundary condition can be discretized and solved by employing explicit finite differences methods. Graphs and discussions of the effects of changing pertinent geometric and rheological factors on key flow characteristics, such as temperature, velocity, and mass concentration, are provided. Even though the curvature of the artery only marginally modifies the blood’s temperature and mass concentration, the curved channel’s radius is observed to significantly impact blood velocity. Furthermore, as the Brownian motion of the nano-fluid increases, the temperature of the fluid decreases, while the thermophoresis measure exhibits the contrary behavior.
Revisiting kinematic fast dynamo in three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamicplasmas: dynamo transition from non-helical to helical flows
Authors: Biswas Shishir , Ganesh Rajaraman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Dynamos wherein magnetic field is produced from velocity fluctuations are fundamental to our understanding of several astrophysical and/or laboratory phenomena. Though fluid helicity is known to play a key role in the onset of dynamo action, its effect is yet to be fully understood. In this work, a fluid flow proposed recently (Yoshida et al 2017, Phys. Rev. Lett.
119, 244501) is invoked such that one may inject zero or finite fluid helicity using a control parameter, at the beginning of the simulation. Using a simple kinematic dynamo model, for the considered flow, we demonstrate unambiguously a strong dependency of short scale dynamo on fluid helicity. In contrast to conventional understanding, it is shown that fluid helicity does strongly influence the physics of short scale dynamo for the flow profiles considered. To corroborate our findings, late time magnetic field spectra for various values of injected fluid helicity is presented along with ‘geometric” signatures of the 3D magnetic field surfaces, which shows a transition from ‘twisted ribbon’ or ‘twisted’ sheet to ‘cigar’ like configurations. This work brings out, for the first time, the role of fluid helicity in the transition from ‘non-dynamo’ to ‘dynamo’ regime systematically. It is also shown that one of the most studied ABC dynamo model is not the ”fastest’ dynamo model for problems at lower magnetic Reynolds number.
Primordial black holes and induced gravitational waves from double-pole inflation
Authors: Fu Chengjie , Wang Shao-Jiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe primordial black hole (PBH) productions from the inflationary potential with an inflection point usually rely heavily on the fine-tuning of the model parameters. We propose in this work a new kind of theα-attractor inflation with asymmetric double poles that naturally and easily lead to a period of non-attractor inflation, during which the PBH productions are guaranteed with less fine-tuning the model parameters. This double-pole inflation can be tested against the observational data in the future with rich phenomenological signatures: (1) the enhanced curvature perturbations at small scales admit a distinctive feature of ultraviolet oscillations in the power spectrum; (2) the quasi-monochromatic mass function of the produced PBHs can be made compatible to the asteroid-mass PBHs as the dominant dark matter component, the planet-mass PBHs as the OGLE ultrashort-timescale microlensing events, and the solar-mass PBHs as the LIGO-Virgo events; (3) the induced gravitational waves can be detected by the gravitational-wave detectors in space and Pulsar Timing Array/Square Kilometer Array.
Allometry of Escherichia coli surface area with volume: effect of size variability, filamentation and division dynamics
Authors: Kale Tanvi , Khatri Dhruv , Athale Chaitanya A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The cell surface area (SA) increase with volume (V) is determined by growth and regulation of size and shape. Most studies of the rod-shaped model bacterium Escherichia coli have focussed on the phenomenology or molecular mechanisms governing such scaling. Here, we proceed to examine the role of population statistics and cell division dynamics in such scaling by a combination of microscopy, image analysis and statistical simulations. We find that while the SA of cells sampled from mid-log cultures scales with V by a scaling exponent 2/3, i.e. the geometric law SA ∼V

2

/

3

, filamentous cells have higher exponent values. We modulate the growth rate to change the proportion of filamentous cells, and find SA-V scales with an exponent

>

2

/

3

, exceeding that predicted by the geometric scaling law. However, since increasing growth rates alter the mean and spread of population cell size distributions, we use statistical modeling to disambiguate between the effect of the mean size and variability. Simulating (i) increasing mean cell length with a constant standard deviation (s.d.), (ii) a constant mean length with increasing s.d. and (iii) varying both simultaneously, results in scaling exponents that exceed the 2/3 geometric law, when population variability is included, with the s.d. having a stronger effect. In order to overcome possible effects of statistical sampling of unsynchronized cell populations, we ‘virtually synchronized’ time-series of cells by using the frames between birth and division identified by the image-analysis pipeline and divided them into four equally spaced phases—B, C1, C2 and D. Phase-specific scaling exponents estimated from these time series and the cell length variability were both found to decrease with the successive stages of birth (B), C1, C2 and division (D). These results point to a need to consider population statistics and a role for cell growth and division when estimating SA-V scaling of bacterial cells.
Mitochondrial networks through the lens of mathematics
Authors: Lewis Greyson R , Marshall Wallace F 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Mitochondria serve a wide range of functions within cells, most notably via their production of ATP. Although their morphology is commonly described as bean-like, mitochondria often form interconnected networks within cells that exhibit dynamic restructuring through a variety of physical changes. Further, though relationships between form and function in biology are well established, the extant toolkit for understanding mitochondrial morphology is limited. Here, we emphasize new and established methods for quantitatively describing mitochondrial networks, ranging from unweighted graph-theoretic representations to multi-scale approaches from applied topology, in particular persistent homology. We also show fundamental relationships between mitochondrial networks, mathematics, and physics, using ideas of graph planarity and statistical mechanics to better understand the full possible morphological space of mitochondrial network structures. Lastly, we provide suggestions for how examination of mitochondrial network form through the language of mathematics can inform biological understanding, and vice versa.
Ultra-compact all-optical logical circuits for photonic integrated circuits
Authors: T Sridarshini , S Geerthana , V R Balaji , Thirumurugan Arun , R Sitharthan , A Sivanantha Raja , Dhanabalan Shanmuga Sundar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a photonic crystal based ultra-compact Optical XOR gate followed by an optical half-subtractor is proposed. Plane wave expansion is used to evaluate the photonic bandgap of the devised structure. The output and efficiency of logical circuits can be improved by maintaining distinct thresholds for the output logic states, thereby enabling the design to operate even in low power inputs. Reliability of the structure is enhanced by retaining a threshold for the output value. The performance of the proposed circuit is examined using the Finite Difference Time Domain method. The output is considered as logic 1 when the power level exceeds 0.7 μW and logic ‘0’ if it is below 0.35 μW. The proposed logical circuit has high contrast ratio. The XOR gate has a contrast ratio of about 12.55 dB, and the half subtractor has 7.78 dB and 11.76 dB for Difference and Borrow respectively. These devices work at 1550 nm wavelength and are ultra-compact in size. The proposed structure of logic gates will be suitable for photonic integrated circuits due to its ultra-small and simple design.
New insights into the limit of the magnetic monopole flux and the heating source in white dwarfs*
Authors: Liu Jing-Jing , Liu Dong-Mei , Hao Liang-Huan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Based on the magnetic monopole (MM) catalytic nuclear decay (Rubakov-Callan (RC) effect), we propose five new models to discuss the limit of the MM flux and the heating energy resources of white dwarfs (WDs) based on observations of 13 red giant branch (RGB) stars. We find that the number of MMs captured can reach a maximum value of

when

GeV,

,

. The good agreement of our calculated luminosities for WDs with observation provides support for our model based on the RC effect by MMs. We obtain a new limit of the MM flux of

, and

at

when

,

, and

, respectively. Our results show that the RC effect could cause heating that prevents white dwarfs from cooling down into a stellar graveyard. Our results will also provide a new idea for further research on the upper limit of MM flow (note:

are the baryon number density, reaction cross section, mass, MM flux, and the new limit of the MM flux, respectively, and

is the ratio of the speed of MMs to that of light).
Modelling the relative risk of plastic pollution to wildlife when data are scarce: an applied approach in the Mekong and Ganges river basins
Authors: Schuyler Qamar , Roman Lauren , Lawson T J , Hardesty Britta Denise 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Plastic pollution of aquatic ecosystems is a growing environmental problem. Most plastic pollution originates from land-based sources and is transported via rivers, where plastic densities can exceed those at sea. Rivers in southeast Asia are regularly identified among those transporting the greatest plastic loads globally, yet are among the least studied major river systems. This is particularly concerning since they provide habitat for commercially, culturally and ecologically important species. We present a four-step risk framework to assess the relative risk to wildlife at different sections of a river, particularly where data may be sparse. We apply this method to a case study in the Ganges and Mekong rivers. The first step is to estimate litter density and abandoned fishing gear (ALDFG) to determine the relative level of pressure from ingestion or entanglement. Step two uses a risk assessment to determine the likelihood of a species interacting with a given item, and the further likelihood of a negative outcome of that encounter. Step three determines the overlap of the habitat of the species with the litter present in the environment, and the final step integrates all of these factors to present an overall relative risk to migratory species within each watershed. In the Ganges and Mekong rivers, entanglement represents the highest risk to species. The methods presented here estimate the relative risk to vertebrate fauna from litter interactions in rivers where empirical data are not available, aiming to determine (i) where in each river do we expect to find the most plastic and ALDFG and (ii) whether species suspected to be threatened by plastic pollution overlap with these predicted high-risk regions. This approach will aid decision-makers to make informed precautionary assessments bridging data gaps about relative plastic loads and associated risks in aquatic systems, until empirical data becomes available.
Complementarity in quantum walks
Authors: Grudka Andrzej , Kurzyński Paweł , Polak Tomasz P , Sajna Adam S , Wójcik Jan , Wójcik Antoni 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The eigenbases of two quantum observables,

{

|

a
i

⟩

}

i
=
1

D

and

{

|

b
j

⟩

}

j
=
1

D

, form mutually unbiased bases (MUB) if

|

⟨

a
i

|

b
j

⟩

|

=
1

/

D

for all i and j. In realistic situations MUB are hard to obtain and one looks for approximate MUB (AMUB), in which case the corresponding eigenbases obey

|

⟨

a
i

|

b
j

⟩

|

⩽
c

/

D

, where c is some positive constant independent of D. In majority of cases observables corresponding to MUB and AMUB do not have clear physical interpretation. Here we study discrete-time quantum walks (QWs) on d-cycles with a position and coin-dependent phase-shift. Such a model simulates a dynamics of a quantum particle moving on a ring with an artificial gauge field. In our case the amplitude of the phase-shift is governed by a single discrete parameter q. We solve the model analytically and observe that for prime d the eigenvectors of two QW evolution operators form AMUB. Namely, if d is prime the corresponding eigenvectors of the evolution operators, that act in the D-dimensional Hilbert space (

D
=
2
d

), obey

|

⟨

v
q

|

v

q

′

′

⟩

|

⩽

2

/

D

for

q
≠

q

′

and for all

|

v
q

⟩

and

|

v

q

′

′

⟩

. Finally, we show that the analogous AMUB relation still holds in the continuous version of this model, which corresponds to a one-dimensional Dirac particle.
Helical beams of electrons in a magnetic field: new analytic solutions of the Schrödinger and Dirac equations
Authors: Bialynicki-Birula Iwo , Bialynicka-Birula Zofia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We derive new solutions of the Schrödinger, Klein–Gordon and Dirac equations which describe the motion of particles in a uniform magnetic field. In contrast to the well known stationary solutions, our solutions exhibit the behavior of quantum particles which very closely resembles classical helical trajectories. These solutions also serve as an illustration of the meaning of the Ehrenfest theorem in relativistic quantum mechanics.