bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double bare metal stent deployment combined with intraductal radiofrequency ablation for malignant distal biliary obstruction: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Inoue Tadahisa , Ibusuki Mayu , Kitano Rena , Sakamoto Kazumasa , Kimoto Satoshi , Kobayashi Yuji , Sumida Yoshio , Nakade Yukiomi , Ito Kiyoaki , Yoneda Masashi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough uncovered self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) possess certain advantages such as averting cystic duct obstruction and stent migration, they are susceptible to ingrowth occlusion. The combination of the double bare stent (DBS) and endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (RFA) may reduce ingrowth. Hence, this study aimed to examine the utility of this method for the treatment of unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction (MDBO). This prospective, single-center, pilot study enrolled 51 patients who met the eligibility criteria between February 2020 and January 2022. The study outcomes included technical success, clinical success, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), and other adverse events (AE) besides RBO associated with DBS placement with RFA for MDBO. The technical success rate was 98.0% (50/51). Clinical success was achieved in all patients in whom technical success was achieved. The rates of early and late AEs were 5.9% (3/51) and 8.0% (4/50), respectively. The incidence rate of RBO was 38.0% (19/50). Sludge occlusion, ingrowth occlusion, and overgrowth occlusion occurred in 26.0% (13/50), 8.0% (4/50), and 2.0% (1/50) of patients, respectively (the main cause of RBO was undeterminable in 1 patient). The median time to RBO was 241 days. DBS with RFA showed good technical feasibility, good long-term outcomes, acceptable AE rates, and most importantly, a low ingrowth occlusion rate when employed for the treatment of MDBO.
Reactivation-induced motor skill modulation does not operate at a rapid micro-timescale level
Authors: Herszage Jasmine , Bönstrup Marlene , Cohen Leonardo G. , Censor Nitzan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAbundant evidence shows that consolidated memories are susceptible to modifications following their reactivation. Processes of memory consolidation and reactivation-induced skill modulation have been commonly documented after hours or days. Motivated by studies showing rapid consolidation in early stages of motor skill acquisition, here we asked whether motor skill memories are susceptible to modifications following brief reactivations, even at initial stages of learning. In a set of experiments, we collected crowdsourced online motor sequence data to test whether post-encoding interference and performance enhancement occur following brief reactivations in early stages of learning. Results indicate that memories forming during early learning are not susceptible to interference nor to enhancement within a rapid reactivation-induced time window, relative to control conditions. This set of evidence suggests that reactivation-induced motor skill memory modulation might be dependent on consolidation at the macro-timescale level, requiring hours or days to occur.
Study on mechanism of effect of flowing water and transferring heat on rock mass temperature in curved fracture
Authors: Gao Junyi , Lu Changyu , Zhang Yonggang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDomestically and internationally, the effect of fracture flowing water and transferring heat on the temperature field of surrounding rock in high-level radioactive waste repositories is a popular research area. Compared with straight fracture flowing water and transferring heat, there are few relevant literatures about the heat transfer of curved fracture water flow. Based on the conceptive model of flowing water and transferring heat in curved fractured rock mass, the influence of flowing water and transferring heat in “I”, “L”, "Image missing", and "Image missing" shaped fractures on the temperature field of rock mass is calculated by using discrete element program. The findings indicate that: When the model goes into a stable state under four working conditions, the rock on the x = 0–2 m mostly forms a heat transfer path from left to right; the x = 2–4 m primarily forms a heat transfer path from bottom to top, and the temperature gradient reveals that the isotherm of 40–45 °C is highly similar to the shape of four different fractures, indicating that flowing water and transferring heat in the fracture configuration dominate the temperature field of the right side rock mass. The direction of the flowing water and transferring heat of the fracture exerts a dominant effect on the temperature of the rock mass than the length.
A monocarboxylate transporter-dependent mechanism confers resistance to exercise-induced fatigue in a high-altitude hypoxic environment
Authors: Gao Chen , Yang Binni , Li Yurong , Pei Wenjuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe body is more prone to fatigue in a high-altitude hypoxic environment, in which fatigue occurs in both peripheral muscles and the central nervous system (CNS). The key factor determining the latter is the imbalance in brain energy metabolism. During strenuous exercise, lactate released from astrocytes is taken up by neurons via monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) as a substrate for energy metabolism. The present study investigated the correlations among the adaptability to exercise-induced fatigue, brain lactate metabolism and neuronal hypoxia injury in a high-altitude hypoxic environment. Rats were subjected to exhaustive incremental load treadmill exercise under either normal pressure and normoxic conditions or simulated high-altitude, low-pressure and hypoxic conditions, with subsequent evaluation of the average exhaustive time as well as the expression of MCT2 and MCT4 in the cerebral motor cortex, the average neuronal density in the hippocampus, and the brain lactate content. The results illustrate that the average exhaustive time, neuronal density, MCT expression and brain lactate content were positively correlated with the altitude acclimatization time. These findings demonstrate that an MCT-dependent mechanism is involved in the adaptability of the body to central fatigue and provide a potential basis for medical intervention for exercise-induced fatigue in a high-altitude hypoxic environment.
Pixel-by-pixel autofluorescence corrected FRET in fluorescence microscopy improves accuracy for samples with spatially varied autofluorescence to signal ratio
Authors: Rebenku István , Lloyd Cameron B. , Szöllősi János , Vereb György 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe actual interaction between signaling species in cellular processes is often more important than their expression levels. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a popular tool for studying molecular interactions, since it is highly sensitive to proximity in the range of 2–10 nm. Spectral spillover-corrected quantitative (3-cube) FRET is a cost effective and versatile approach, which can be applied in flow cytometry and various modalities of fluorescence microscopy, but may be hampered by varying levels of autofluorescence. Here, we have implemented pixel-by-pixel autofluorescence correction in microscopy FRET measurements, exploiting cell-free calibration standards void of autofluorescence that allow the correct determination of all spectral spillover factors. We also present an ImageJ/Fiji plugin for interactive analysis of single images as well as automatic creation of quantitative FRET efficiency maps from large image sets. For validation, we used bead and cell based FRET models covering a range of signal to autofluorescence ratios and FRET efficiencies and compared the approach with conventional average autofluorescence/background correction. Pixel-by-pixel autofluorescence correction proved to be superior in the accuracy of results, particularly for samples with spatially varying autofluorescence and low fluorescence to autofluorescence ratios, the latter often being the case for physiological expression levels.
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity, insomnia, and loneliness among Spanish women and men
Authors: Guerra-Balic Myriam , González-González Carina S. , Sansano-Nadal Oriol , López-Dóriga Adriana , Chin Ming-Kai , Ding Kele , Yang Jingzhen , Durstine J. Larry 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring COVID-19 pandemic, quality of living was impacted by social isolation, loneliness, and altered sleep habits. The aims of this study were (1) to examine the relationship between physical activity (PA) levels with insomnia and loneliness among adults during Spain’s first COVID-19 wave of lockdown and its impact on women and (2) to examine the digital technologic resources used to support both PA and other recreational activities in women. A cross-sectional design was used. An anonymous 15-min online survey was conducted in Spain to adults (≥ 18 years old) during the first COVID-19 lockdown, a 40-day period. A snowball distribution method was employed using personal email and social networks (Facebook, Whatsapp, Linkedin, Twitter). Variables studied included: socio-demographic items, insomnia, loneliness, PA, and digital technologic resources. A total of 996 adults (females = 663, 66.6%) completed the survey. Higher education levels were associated with greater PA levels (p-value < 0.001). Women presented with higher insomnia risk than men with low PA levels (OR = 1.9, CI = 1.25; 2.95). Living with family members or other individuals was related to lower insomnia risk. A strong correlation between medium–high PA levels was found with greater digital technology resources (DTS) than individuals with low PA levels. Females used significantly more DTS than males (p-value < 0.001). No significant associations between DTS were found with age or academic education level. PA levels, sex, and loneliness were related to insomnia risk. A strong correlation between PA and DTS use was observed. Participants with medium–high PA levels and females use them more than those with low PA levels and males. We recommend promoting the PA through digital technologies for women. This recommendation would also improve sleep disorders in women who present higher insomnia risks than men.
An open automation system for predatory journal detection
Authors: Chen Li-Xian , Su Shih-Wen , Liao Chia-Hung , Wong Kai-Sin , Yuan Shyan-Ming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe growing number of online open-access journals promotes academic exchanges, but the prevalence of predatory journals is undermining the scholarly reporting process. Data collection, feature extraction, and model prediction are common steps in tools designed to distinguish between legitimate and predatory academic journals and publisher websites. The authors include them in their proposed academic journal predatory checking (AJPC) system based on machine learning methods. The AJPC data collection process extracts 833 blacklists and 1213 whitelists information from websites to be used for identifying words and phrases that might indicate the presence of predatory journals. Feature extraction is used to identify words and terms that help detect predatory websites, and the system’s prediction stage uses eight classification algorithms to distinguish between potentially predatory and legitimate journals. We found that enhancing the classification efficiency of the bag of words model and TF-IDF algorithm with diff scores (a measure of differences in specific word frequencies between journals) can assist in identifying predatory journal feature words. Results from performance tests suggest that our system works as well as or better than those currently being used to identify suspect publishers and publications. The open system only provides reference results rather than absolute opinions and accepts user inquiries and feedback to update the system and optimize performance.
Combating errors in quantum communication: an integrated approach
Authors: Bala Rajni , Asthana Sooryansh , Ravishankar V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNear-term quantum communication protocols suffer inevitably from channel noises, whose alleviation has been mostly attempted with resources such as multiparty entanglement or sophisticated experimental techniques. Generation of multiparty higher dimensional entanglement is not easy. This calls for exploring realistic solutions which are implementable with current devices. Motivated particularly by the difficulty in generation of multiparty entangled states, in this paper, we have investigated error-free information transfer with minimal requirements. For this, we have proposed a new information encoding scheme for communication purposes. The encoding scheme is based on the fact that most noisy channels leave some quantities invariant. Armed with this fact, we encode information in these invariants. These invariants are functions of expectation values of operators. This information passes through the noisy channel unchanged. Pertinently, this approach is not in conflict with other existing error correction schemes. In fact, we have shown how standard quantum error-correcting codes emerge if suitable restrictions are imposed on the choices of logical basis states. As applications, for illustration, we propose a quantum key distribution protocol and an error-immune information transfer protocol.
Estimating COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its drivers among migrants, homeless and precariously housed people in France
Authors: Roederer Thomas , Mollo Bastien , Vincent Charline , Leduc Ghislain , Sayyad-Hilario Jessica , Mosnier Marine , Vandentorren Stéphanie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Migrants, people experiencing homelessness (PEH), or precariously housed (PH) are at high risk for COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19. However, while data on COVID-19 vaccine uptake in these populations are available in the USA, Canada, and Denmark, we are lacking, to the best of our knowledge, data from France.

Methods
In late 2021, we carried out a cross-sectional survey to determine COVID-19 vaccine coverage in PEH/PH residing in Ile-de-France and Marseille, France, and to explore its drivers. Participants aged over 18 years were interviewed face-to-face where they slept the previous night, in their preferred language, and then stratified for analysis into three housing groups (Streets, Accommodated, and Precariously Housed). Standardized vaccination rates were computed and compared to the French population. Multilevel univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were built.

Results
We find that 76.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 74.3–78.1) of the 3690 participants received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose while 91.1% of the French population did so. Vaccine uptake varies by stratum, with the highest uptake (85.6%; reference) in PH, followed by Accommodated (75.4%; adjusted odds-ratio = 0.79; 95% CI 0.51–1.09 vs. PH) and lowest in Streets (42.0%; AOR = 0.38; 95%CI 0.25–0.57 vs. PH). Use for vaccine certificate, age, socioeconomic factors, and vaccine hesitancy is associated with vaccination coverage.

Conclusions
In France, PEH/PH, and especially the most excluded, are less likely than the general population to receive COVID-19 vaccines. While vaccine mandate has proved an effective strategy, targeted outreach, on-site vaccinations, and sensitization activities are strategies enhancing vaccine uptake that can easily be replicated in future campaigns and other settings.
New predictions for radiation-driven, steady-state mass-loss and wind-momentum from hot, massive stars
Authors: Björklund R. , Sundqvist J. O. , Singh S. M. , Puls J. , Najarro F. 
Published: February 2023

Context. Massive stars lose a large fraction of their mass to radiation-driven winds throughout their entire life. These outflows impact both the life and death of these stars and their surroundings.
Aims. Theoretical mass-loss rates of hot, massive stars are derived to be used in applications such as stellar evolution. The behaviour of these rates in the OB-star regime is analysed, and their effects on massive-star evolution predictions studied.
Methods. Dynamically consistent models are computed by solving the spherically symmetric, steady-state equation-of-motion for a large grid of hot, massive stars with different metallicities. The radiative acceleration is derived from non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer in the co-moving frame, and all models cover a large spatial range from deep subsonic atmospheric layers into the radiation-driven and highly supersonic wind outflow. The resulting mass-loss rates are used to derive a simple scaling recipe with stellar parameters (luminosity, mass, effective temperature, and metallicity), and the new recipe is used to evaluate some first impacts upon massive-star evolution tracks.
Results. We provide a new prescription for steady-state, radiation-driven mass-loss from hot, massive stars depending on their fundamental parameters. In accordance with our previous work, the rates for O stars are lower a factor of ~3 than the rates typically used in previous stellar-evolution calculations, where differences generally decrease with increasing luminosity and temperature. For cooler B giants/supergiants we find larger discrepancies, of up to one or even two orders of magnitude. This arises because we do not find any systematic increase in mass-loss rates below the so-called bi-stability region; indeed, our results do not show any sign of a significant bi-stability jump within the parameter range covered by the grid (Teff ≥ 15 kK). Due to the lower mass-loss rates we find that massive-star envelopes are not easily stripped by means of standard steady-state winds, making it difficult to create classical Wolf-Rayet stars via this channel. Moreover, since the stars retain more mass right before they die as supernovae, our new rates make it possible to create black holes of higher masses than in previous models, even at Galactic metallicity. However, a remaining key uncertainty regarding these predictions concerns unsteady mass-loss for very high-luminosity stars close to the Eddington limit as well as the impact of non-line-driven winds.
Das Botanical Safety Consortium
Authors: Mitchell Constance A. , Dever Joseph T. , Gafner Stefan , Griffiths James C. , Marsman Daniel S. , Rider Cynthia , Welch Cara , Embry Michelle R. 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Verwendung von pflanzlichen Heilmitteln und Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln
ist weit verbreitet. In vielen Ländern der Welt weisen die
Verkaufszahlen auf eine steigende Beliebtheit dieser Produkte hin. Daher ist die
Gewährleistung der Sicherheit von pflanzlichen Produkten eine
Priorität der öffentlichen Gesundheit. Dieser Artikel beschreibt
die Aufgaben und Ziele des Botanical Safety Consortiums (BSC) – einer
öffentlich-privaten Partnerschaft. Diese Partnerschaft ist das Ergebnis
einer Absichtserklärung zwischen der Gesundheitsbehörde der USA
(FDA), dem National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS, eine
Unterabteilung des Ministeriums für Gesundheitspflege und Soziale
Dienste der Vereinigten Staaten) und einer gemeinnützigen Organisation,
dem Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI). Das BSC dient als
globales Forum für Wissenschaftler aus Regierungen, Hochschulen,
Gesundheitsfürsorgegruppen, Industrie und gemeinnützigen
Organisationen, um gemeinsam an der Anpassung und Integration neuer
Ansatzmethoden (NAM) für routinemäßige
Sicherheitsbewertungen von Pflanzenstoffen zu arbeiten.Die Ziele des BSC sind: 1) eine weltweite Zusammenarbeit, um existierende
Sicherheitstests besser zu nutzen; 2) geeignete Methoden der chemischen
Charakterisierung von Pflanzenstoffen festzusetzen; 3) pragmatische,
zweckmäßige NAM zu identifizieren, um die Sicherheit von
pflanzlichen Inhaltsstoffen und Fertigpräparaten zu bewerten; 4) eine
Bewertung dieser Methoden mittels Vergleich mit derzeit verfügbaren
Informationen zur Sicherheit von ausgewählten Pflanzenstoffen; 5) und
die Integration dieser NAM in ein System, das die Bewertung von Pflanzenstoffen
erleichtern kann. Der Schwerpunkt des BSC liegt zunächst auf
Phytopharmaka und Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln, welche oral verabreicht
werden, jedoch kann dieser Ansatz in zukünftigen Arbeitsphasen erweitert
werden. Dieser Artikel beinhaltet einen Überblick über die
Struktur, Ziele und Strategien dieser Initiative und erläutert die
ersten Ziele, nämlich die Auswahl der Test-Pflanzenstoffe, basierend auf
publizierten toxikologischen Daten.
Orthomolekularmedizin – Melatonin & Co. für erholsamen Schlaf
Authors: Wiater Alfred 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungErholsamer Schlaf beeinflusst nachhaltig unsere Lebensqualität. Schlafstörungen im Sinne von definierten Erkrankungen führen zu erheblicher Krankheitsbelastung. Deshalb liegt die Frage nahe, ob durch Nahrungsergänzungsmittel das Schlafverhalten optimiert werden kann und ob sie supportiv bei Schlafstörungen eingesetzt werden können. Unter Berücksichtigung der biochemischen Abläufe, die dem Schlaf-Wach-Verhalten zugrunde liegen, sind Tryptophan, Serotonin und Melatonin Schlüsselsubstanzen. Zu berücksichtigen sind auch die verstärkenden Kofaktoren bei Stoffwechselprozessen wie Eisen, Vitamin B6 und Magnesium. Diese kommen in der Orthomolekularmedizin zur Förderung des Schlaf-Wach-Verhaltens zum Einsatz. Bei Hinweisen auf Mangelernährung oder zusätzlichen Nahrungsergänzungsbedarf sind die seitens des Bundesinstituts für Risikobewertung (BfR) für Nahrungsergänzungsmittel zusammengestellten Höchstmengen zu beachten. Beim Vorliegen von Schlafstörungen im Sinne definierter Erkrankungen (wie dem Restless-Legs-Syndrom) sind therapeutische Dosen erforderlich.
Wirksamkeit von Safran beim
Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätssyndrom
(ADHS)
Authors: Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätssyndrom (ADHS) mit
einer Prävalenz von 5% ist charakterisiert durch
Aufmerksamkeitsstörungen, Hyperaktivität und
Impulsivität sowie Desorganisation und emotionale Symptome wie schnellen
Stimmungswechsel und verminderte Belastbarkeit bei Stress. Die meisten
ADHS-Betroffenen werden mit Methylphenidat (Ritalin®)
behandelt, obwohl etwa 30% nicht auf das Amphetaminderivat ansprechen
und unerwünschte Wirkungen oft zum Absetzen der Therapie führen.
Die zentrale Breitspektrumwirkung von Safran weist auf einen rationalen Einsatz
von Zubereitungen daraus als Behandlungsoption bei ADHS. Zur Evidenz der
Wirksamkeit liegen derzeit 4 Pilotstudien vor, die zeigen, dass Safran dem
Methylphenidat nicht unterlegen ist und dass eine zusätzliche Gabe von
Safran zum Methylphenidat die Wirksamkeit verstärkt. Weitere Studien
sind erforderlich, um die Wirkgröße von Safran bei ADHS zu
definieren.
Arbutus unedo L., Der (Westliche) Erdbeerbaum
Authors: Latté KlausPeter 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Arbutus unedo L., der (Westliche) Erdbeerbaum, ist im Mittelmeerraum
weit verbreitet. Die Blätter werden seit der Antike arzneilich
aufgrund ihrer adstringierenden Wirkungen zur Behandlung von Diarrhoe und
als Gurgelmittel verwendet. Zudem ist die traditionelle Verwendung der
Blattdroge als Harnwegsdesinfizienz und als antientzündliches,
antidiabetisches und antihypertensives Agens bekannt. Phytochemische
Untersuchungen führten zur Isolierung von Arbutin und seinen
Derivaten, zu einem breiten Spektrum an phenolischen Substanzen,
u. a. an Gerbstoffen und Flavonoiden, sowie zu Iridoiden und einer
wasserdampfflüchtigen Fraktion. Moderne In-vitro-Untersuchungen
belegen antimikrobielle, antioxidative, antiinflammatorische und
kardiovaskuläre Wirkungen für die Blattdroge. Bisher liegen
noch keine klinischen Studien zur Wirksamkeit der Blattdroge
und/oder zu Zubereitungen daraus vor.