bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro stretch modulates mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism to induce smooth muscle differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Liu Yu , Yang Zhijie , Na Jing , Chen Xinyuan , Wang Ziyi , Zheng Lisha , Fan Yubo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe smooth muscle cells (SMCs) located in the vascular media layer are continuously subjected to cyclic stretching perpendicular to the vessel wall and play a crucial role in vascular wall remodeling and blood pressure regulation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising tools to differentiate into SMCs. Mechanical stretch loading offers an opportunity to guide the MSC‐SMC differentiation and mechanical adaption for function regeneration of blood vessels. This study shows that cyclic stretch induces the expression of SMC markers α‐SMA and SM22 in MSCs. These cells exhibit contractile ability in vitro and facilitate angiogenesis in the Matrigel plug assay in vivo. The contraction of SMCs requires remodeling of their energy metabolism. However, the underlying mechanism in the differentiation of MSCs into SMCs remains to be revealed. Cyclic stretch training promotes glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial fusion and modulates mitochondrial dynamics‐related proteins (MFN1, MFN2, DRP1) expression, thereby contributing to MSCs differentiation. Yes‐associated protein (YAP) affects mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis to regulate stretch‐mediated differentiation into SMCs. Additionally, Piezo‐type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1 (Piezo1) impacts energy metabolism and MSCs differentiation by regulating intracellular Ca2+ levels and YAP nuclear localization. It indicates that YAP can integrate stretch force and energy metabolism signals to regulate the differentiation of MSCs into SMCs.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Medial Meniscus Ramp Lesions in the Setting of Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Moran Jay , Lee Michael S. , Fong Scott , LaPrade Christopher , Kunze Kyle N. , Fabricant Peter D. , Chahla Jorge , Jimenez Andrew E. , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Medial meniscus ramp lesions (MMRLs) are commonly associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and may increase the risk of graft failure after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) if undiagnosed or left untreated. Although MMRLs have been extensively reported in adults, there are limited studies describing them in pediatric patients undergoing ACLR. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the pooled prevalence of and risk factors for MMRLs in pediatric patients with ACL injuries.

Methods:
PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were queried in December 2023 for studies reporting on MMRLs in pediatric patients (≤21 y old) undergoing ACLR. Articles were only included if they reported on the prevalence and/or risk factors for arthroscopically diagnosed MMRLs. DerSimonian-Laird binary random-effects models were constructed to quantitatively evaluate the association between risk factors and MMRLs by generating effect estimates in the form of odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI.

Results:
Seven studies were identified, which included 1362 pediatric patients (mean±SD age, 15.3±1.4 y old) that underwent ACLR. The pooled MMRL prevalence was 16.4% (range, 13.2% to 28%) calculated across 6 studies. Of the 7 studies identified, 5 qualified for the risk factor analysis, which included a total of 536 ACLR patients. Twenty risk factors were identified, of which 8 were amenable to being explored quantitatively. Anterolateral ligament (ALL) injuries on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [odds ratio (OR), 4.16; 95% CI, 1.40-12.34; P=0.01], MMRLs on preoperative MRI (OR, 4.09; 95% CI, 2.52-6.64; P<0.00010), posteromedial tibial plateau bone marrow edema (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.16-3.83; P=0.01), and concomitant lateral meniscus tears (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.04-2.76; P=0.03) were important risk factors for pediatric MMRLs. Skeletal maturity (physes open or closed), male sex, or collateral ligament injury was not associated with the presence of pediatric MMRLs.

Conclusion:
The overall pooled prevalence of MMRLs was 16.4% in pediatric patients undergoing ACLR. Significant risk factors for pediatric MMRLs included the presence of concomitant ALL injuries on MRI, identification of MMRLs on MRI, posteromedial tibia plateau bone marrow edema, and concomitant lateral meniscus tears at the time of surgery. Skeletal maturity, male sex, or collateral ligament injury were not associated with MMRLs in pediatric ACL tears.

Level of Evidence:
Systematic review and meta-analysis; level of evidence: IV.
Identification of leakage sites in central serous chorioretinopathy using optical coherence tomography and the assessment of the characteristics of the biomarkers
Authors: Funatsu Ryoh , Terasaki Hiroto , Mihara Naohisa , Sonoda Shozo , Shiihara Hideki , Miyake Shoki , Imatsuji Hiroki , Sakamoto Taiji 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To identify optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based imaging biomarkers that can localize focal leakage points without fluorescein angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods:
This retrospective case-control study analyzed 119 consecutive patients (123 eyes) with CSC between April 2018 and February 2024, comprising 66 eyes with focal-leakage type and 57 eyes with diffuse-leakage type. We assessed leakage sites using OCT, and the proportions of OCT findings were compared between focal- and diffuse-leakage types.

Results:
Hyporeflective lucency signs were observed in 27 eyes (40.9%) with focal-type CSC, while no such signs were detected in diffuse-type CSC cases (0.0%; P < 0.001). In focal-type CSC, these signs were exclusively localized to leakage points, with no occurrence in other areas within serous retinal detachment. Microrip of retinal pigment epithelium and subretinal hyperreflective material were identified in 23 (34.8%) and 47 (71.2%) eyes with focal-type CSC, respectively, and also in eyes with diffuse-type CSC (5.3% and 19.3%, respectively; P < 0.001 for both comparisons).

Conclusions:
Only the hyporeflective lucency sign is present exclusively in focal leakage points of fluorescein angiography. Our findings suggested that the hyporeflective lucency sign may serve as a potential therapeutic target in CSC.
Retinal Vessels Whitening in Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Yassin Shaden H. , Wagner Naomi E. , Kalaw Fritz Gerald P. , Sharma Paripoorna , Arias Juan D. , Tran Melanie , Nagel Ines , Walker Evan , Borooah Shyamanga 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To characterize retinal vessel whitening (RVW) in Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP).

Methods:
Single-center cross-sectional study. Review of clinical notes of clinically confirmed RP patients was performed followed by grading ultra-widefield imaging. Data collected included Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), presence or absence and location of RVW and were correlated with disease.

Results:
In total, 120 RP patients’ charts were reviewed. Of these, 116 patients (232 eyes) were included in the final analysis with a mean age of 43.2 (39.8, 46.6) and a 1:1 male to female ratio. RVW was seen in either eye of 44 (38%) subjects, most frequently in the inferotemporal quadrant (p< 0.001). Total retinal thickness within the ETDRS area was significantly less in eyes with RVW (p<0.001), a mean difference of 151.7 µm. Both the inner and outer retina were thinner in the RVW group (p<0.001). There was also a significant association (p<0.04) between the number of quadrants of the retina affected by RVW and the reduction in retinal thickness.

Conclusion:
RVW is a common finding in RP, suggesting that it should be considered as a phenotypic feature of RP. RVW is also associated with structural changes to the central macula indicating its potential use as a marker of retinal disease severity.
Generative deep learning approach to predict posttreatment optical coherence tomography images of age-related macular degeneration after 12 months
Authors: Lee Hyungwoo , Kim Najung , Kim Na Hee , Chung Hyewon , Chan Kim Hyung 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
Predicting long-term anatomical responses in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients is critical for patient-specific management. This study validates a generative deep learning (DL) model to predict 12-month posttreatment optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and evaluates the impact of incorporating clinical data on predictive performance.

Methods:
A total of 533 eyes from 513 treatment-naïve nAMD patients were analyzed. A conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) served as the baseline model, generating 12-month OCT images using pretreatment OCT, fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). We then sequentially added OCT after three loading doses, baseline visual acuity (VA), treatment regimen (pro re nata or treat-and-extend), drug type, and switching events. The generated and patient OCT images were compared for intraretinal fluid, subretinal fluid, pigment epithelial detachment, and subretinal hyperreflective material, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Results:
The baseline model achieved acceptable accuracy for four macular fluid compartments (range 0.74–0.96). Incorporating OCT after loading doses and other clinical parameters improved accuracy (range 0.91–0.98). With all the clinical inputs, the model achieved 92% accuracy in distinguishing wet macular status from dry macular status. The segmented fluid compartments in the generated images correlated positively with those in the patient images.

Conclusion:
Integrating clinical and treatment data, particularly OCT data after loading doses, significantly enhanced the 12-month predictive performance of cGANs. This approach can help clinicians anticipate anatomical outcomes and guide personalized, long-term nAMD treatment strategies.
Treatment of vision-threatening branch retinal artery occlusion following coronary angioplasty with surgical displacement of embolus
Authors: Hamam Rola N. , Hassoun Mahdi M. , Rebeiz Abdallah G. , El Hadi Dalia , Bashshur Ziad F. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To report a successful case of vision restoration and macular reperfusion following branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) using pars plana vitrectomy with undermining the artery off the retinal bed.

Methods:
This case report involves a 75-year-old patient who was diagnosed immediately with BRAO following cardiac catheterization procedure. An embolus at the superior retinal artery bifurcation was noted. Initial treatments were ineffective, leading to a pars plana vitrectomy and mechanical elevation of the artery, performed six hours post-occlusion.

Results:
The surgical intervention successfully dislodged the embolus, resulting in significant visual improvement. Post-operative day 1, 4, and 14 assessments showed visual acuity improvement to counting fingers at 2 meters, 20/40, and 20/20, respectively. Fundoscopic examination and OCT angiography confirmed improved macular perfusion and normalization of the flow signal in the affected artery.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy and mechanical elevation of the artery for BRAO where the embolus can be visualized. Prompt identification and referral for surgical intervention in BRAO cases with poor prognosis are crucial for favorable visual outcomes. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy of this surgical technique and other interventions for managing BRAO.
Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Children With Coronavirus Disease 2019 After the Spread of the BA.5 Omicron Variants in Japan
Authors: Tachikawa Jun , Aizawa Yuta , Ikuse Tatsuki , Yamanaka Takayuki , Hasegawa Satoshi , Saitoh Akihiko 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The spread of the BA.5 Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has increased the number of hospitalized children. However, the impact of the spread of new omicron subvariants in children remains poorly described.

Methods:
This prospective observational study evaluated the clinical characteristics of children hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 13 hospitals in Niigata, Japan, during September 2022–February 2024. The data were divided and compared across 3 periods based on the dominant subvariants: BA.5/BF.5/BF.7 period (September 2022–April 2023), XBB/EG.5 period (May–December 2023) and BA.2.86/JN.1 periods (January–February 2024). In addition, the COVID-19 vaccination rates in hospitalized patients were compared with those in the general population.

Results:
In total, 298 children with COVID-19 were hospitalized during the study period. The patients’ median ages were 4.7 years during the BA.5/BF.5/BF.7 period, 1.2 years during the XBB/EG.5 period and 2.4 years during the BA.2.86/JN.1 period. The peak monthly number of admissions decreased over time, with 44, 32, 19 cases/mo during the BA.5/BF.5/BF.7 period, the XBB/EG.5 period and the BA.2.86/JN.1 period, respectively. Dehydration/oral intake failure (37.2%, 111/298) and febrile seizures (16.8%, 50/298) were the predominant reasons for hospitalization. The COVID-19 vaccination rates in hospitalized children 5–11 years of age (11.1%) and 12–15 years of age (38.9%) were significantly lower than those in the general population (41.5% and 71.0%).

Conclusions:
Although the clinical impact of the Omicron subvariants in children diminished over time, they continued to pose a risk. Continued efforts are needed to protect children from this evolving virus.
Evaluating the role of PCSK9 inhibitors in reducing cardiovascular events among statin-intolerant patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Hussein Gumana Ashraf , Alom Thuraya , Das Arghadip , Durrani Tooba Ahmed , Hayani Zahraa Mohamed , Alkassar Abdulrahman , Oweis Hala Ashraf , Nazir Muhammad Hashir , Dhillon Damandeep Kaur , Servil Ernst , Patel Tirath 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
To assess the efficacy and safety of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in statin-intolerant patients, focusing on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction and cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Randomised control trails (RCTs) and observational studies from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were included. Independent reviewers extracted the data, and the analyses were performed using fixed- and random-effects models. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistic and publication bias was assessed using Egger’s test.

Results:
Fifteen studies involving 69–18 924 participants were included. PCSK9 inhibitors reduced LDL-C levels by 50–70% and lowered the risk of MACE by 12% (OR 0.88). Minimal heterogeneity (I2 = 0%) indicated consistency across studies. Subgroup analysis showed greater efficacy in high-risk populations (e.g., acute coronary syndrome and familial hypercholesterolemia). Adverse events were mild, with minimal muscle-related side effects.

Conclusion:
PCSK9 inhibitors are effective and safe alternatives for LDL-C reduction and cardiovascular risk mitigation in patients with statin intolerance. Their efficacy, favorable safety profile, and consistency across studies highlight their potential for managing dyslipidemia, particularly in high-risk groups. Further research on long-term outcomes is required.
Demographic Characteristics and Relational Coordination in ICU Teams
Authors: House Sherita , Palazzolo John , Stucky Christopher , Campbell Caitlin , Williams Kathy , Langerman Kathleen 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE
To determine if professional roles and demographic characteristics predict relational coordination (RC) among healthcare professionals in the ICU.

BACKGROUND
Race, age, and sex diversity are increasing in the medical and nursing workforce, raising questions regarding how well healthcare professionals are collaborating. RC is a validated model for coordinating interdependent work among healthcare professionals.

METHODS
The research team conducted a secondary analysis from a 2-group parallel randomized controlled trial. Study variables were examined using multiple regression.

RESULTS
One hundred two participants completed the survey. Professional role, race, age, and experience were not associated with RC. Sex and education were significantly associated with RC. Males and participants with bachelor's degrees reported higher RC within roles.

CONCLUSION
Diverse and inclusive work environments are critical to patient and staff outcomes. Nurse leaders can use RC to foster teamwork and coordinate patient care among healthcare professionals, despite demographic characteristics and professional roles.
Exploring the Scholarly Value and Impact of DNP-Prepared Nurses Through the Lens of Nursing Leaders
Authors: Moran Katherine , Beebe Sarah L. , Corrigan Catherine , Manderscheid Amy , Conrad Dianne , Kesten Karen S. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE
To explore organizational nursing leaders' perceptions of impact, value, and support for doctor of nursing practice (DNP)–prepared nurses engaging in practice scholarship.

BACKGROUND
DNP nurses are educated to lead change at the system level and direct practice-based initiatives to enhance health outcomes. Organizational support and the value of DNP scholarship need to be better understood.

METHODS
An exploratory cross-sectional survey of organizational nursing leaders (N = 87) who participated in hiring or interacting with DNP-prepared nurses was implemented.

RESULTS
More than half of the organizational nursing leaders reported that scholarship competencies were integrated into DNP-prepared nurses' job descriptions, yet almost half reported no time allotment for scholarship activities. Respondents reported that the highest impact of the DNP-prepared nurse was on the quality of care, and the greatest value reported was the implementation of evidence-based practice and quality improvement initiatives, the development of innovative roles, and as change agents.

CONCLUSIONS
Consistent organizational support for DNP-prepared nurses to engage in practice scholarship could maximize the value and impact of these highly educated nurses on healthcare systems and health outcomes.
Exploring the Psychosocial Domain of the Social Determinants of Learning™ Framework
Authors: Urban Regina W. , Jennings Leslie A. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The Social Determinants of Learning™ framework can be used to conceptualize the influence of psychosocial health among students applying to nursing programs. Little is known about variables that may influence psychosocial health in these students.

Purpose:
To describe demographic and mental health variables that predict perceived stress and resilience levels in accelerated online prenursing students.

Methods:
A cross-sectional, survey-based, observational design was utilized.

Results:
Participants were mostly female and from diverse backgrounds. Lower levels of perceived stress were predicted by lower levels of anxiety and higher levels of resilience and self-compassion. Higher levels of resilience were predicted by male gender, higher perceptions of current ability to manage stress, and higher levels of self-compassion.

Conclusion:
Incorporating knowledge and skills to support the growth of self-compassion in prerequisite courses taken just prior to nursing program entry may help students to reduce perceived stress and support resilience.
Does Virtual Interviewing Provide the Information for a Satisfactory Rank Decision?
Authors: Gotewal Simi , Feng Sing-Yi , Bansal Bharati Beatrix Chandra , Nesiama Jo-Ann 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether current fellows and program directors in pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) were satisfied with virtual interviewing (VI) in terms of their respective matches. The secondary goal was to assess areas in which the virtual interview process could be improved.

Methods:
After institutional review was obtained, fellow surveys were piloted to non-PEM fellows to solicit feedback. Surveys were distributed via the PEM Survey committee from September 18, 2023, to November 13, 2023. There were 2 separate surveys: one for PEM program directors (PDs) and another for PEM fellows. The first survey targeted PEM fellows who matched in interview cycles from 2020 to 2022; it evaluated VI accuracy in representing program attributes and assessed the effectiveness of specific interview components. The second survey was for PEM PDs and explored the types of interview components employed and the evolution of the VI process. Both surveys gauged overall satisfaction with the VI process regarding their matches and preference for interview modality (VI vs in-person vs hybrid).

Results:
A response rate of 25% (n = 56) from fellows and 44% (n = 40) from PDs were obtained. Three-quarters (75%) of fellows were satisfied or highly satisfied with the information obtained via the virtual interview in terms of being able to accurately assess their program. PD satisfaction trended upward from 2020 to 2022 regarding virtual interviewing. Sixty-four percent of fellows, compared to 72% of PDs believed that their in-person experience aligned well or very well with the perception they obtained via virtual interviewing.

Conclusions:
Despite high satisfaction rates with the VI regarding matches and strong alignment of perception obtained via VI with in-person assessment during fellowship, both PDs and fellows continue to prefer a form of hybrid interviews. Our study provides valuable insights for guiding recommendations in future implementations of VI.
Incorporating Parcel-Based Housing Conditions to Increase the Precision of Identifying Children With Elevated Blood Lead
Authors: Manning Erika Rasnick , Duan Qing , Brokamp Cole 
Published: January 2025

Context:
Area-level predictive models are commonly used to screen children for blood lead levels (BLLs) greater than the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) blood lead reference value (BLRV) of 3.5 µg/dL.

Objectives:
To increase screening accuracy and precision by creating a parcel-level model incorporating housing characteristics to predict parcels where children are at high risk

Design:
Residential addresses associated with child blood lead tests were linked to neighborhood- and parcel-level characteristics and proximity to lead sources. Regression forests were fit using different predictor combinations and compared using cross-validated accuracy and decile-based agreement across all residential parcels.

Setting:
Hamilton County, Ohio, United States

Participants:
Children less than 6 years of age with blood lead tests between January 2020 and April 2023.

Main Outcome Measure:
Cross-validated model accuracy and decile-based agreement across residential parcels.

Results:
27,782 tests were matched to a residential parcel. Regression forests using Parcel + Source (70.8% AUC) and Neighborhood + Parcel + Source predictors (70.3% AUC) had the highest cross-validated accuracy for predicting BLLs >3.5 µg/dL. Parcel-level predictions revealed heterogeneity of risk across parcels within the same tract.

Conclusions:
Parcel characteristics improved the accuracy of predicting locations of children with BLLs >3.5 µg/dL and can help identify children at high risk living in low-risk areas. A parcel-level identification of housing-based lead hazards could guide and support action to prevent pediatric lead exposure.