bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Space Station Bipropellant Plume Contamination Model update for short thruster pulse widths
Authors: Fox Katie , Steagall Courtney , Usher Taria , Deal Alexandra , Worthy Erica 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The International Space Station (ISS) Bipropellant Plume Contamination Model has been a vital tool for characterizing the thruster plume-induced contamination environment at the ISS but was not intended to be used for very short thruster pulse widths. This paper presents an updated model that ensures full start-up and shut-down phases are modeled for each thruster firing, when the majority of liquid phase contaminant mass is released. The updated ISS Bipropellant Plume Contamination Model prevents potential under-prediction of thruster plume-induced contamination due to visiting vehicle proximity operations and provides a way to take advantage of thruster start-up and shut-down performance data gathered during thruster test programs, if available.
Calibration method of crosshair light sharing PET detector with TOF and DOI capabilities
Authors: Yoshida Eiji , Obata Fujino , Yamaya Taiga 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. A crosshair light sharing (CLS) PET detector as a TOF-DOI PET detector with high spatial resolution has been developed. To extend that work, a detector calibration method was developed to achieve both higher coincidence resolving time (CRT) and DOI resolution. Approach. The CLS PET detector uses a three-layer reflective material in a two-dimensional crystal array to form a loop structure within a pair of crystals, enabling a CRT of about 300 ps and acquisition of DOI from multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) output ratios. The crystals were 1.45 × 1.45 × 15 mm3 fast LGSO, and the crystal array was optically coupled to an MPPC array. It is important to reduce as many inter-crystal scattering (ICS) events as possible in advance for the accurate detector calibration. DOI information is also expected to improve the CRT because it can estimate the time delay due to the detection depth of crystals. Main results. Using crystal identification and light collection rate of the highest MPPC output reduces the number of ICS events, and CRT is improved by 26%. In addition, CRT is further improved by 13% with a linear correction of time delay as a function of energy. The DOI is ideally estimated from the output ratio of only the MPPC pairs optically coupled to the interacted crystals, which is highly accurate, but the error is large due to light leakage in actual use. The previous method, which also utilizes light leakage to calculate the output ratio, is less accurate, but the error can be reduced. Using the average of the two methods, it is possible to improve the DOI resolution by 12% while maintaining the smaller error. Significance. By applying the developed calibration method, the CLS PET detector achieves the CRT of 251 ps and the DOI resolution of 3.3 mm.
The Mismeasure of Manabozho: Unsettling the Science of the Mind in Henry R. Schoolcraft’sAlgic Researches
Authors: Orr Ittai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article recovers early Native American writing that challenges the premises of nineteenth-century mental science and its support for colonialism. It demonstrates how the manuscripts and correspondences of Irish-Ojibwe poet Jane Johnston Schoolcraft and her brother William Johnston, particularly Johnston’s translation of the Anishinaabe story of the simultaneously clever and foolish trickster Manabozho, contradict the ethnological speculations and editorial alterations made by Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, Jane’s husband and William’s employer, in his Algic Researches (1839). Henry sought to prove that Native Americans were intellectually stagnant, but Jane and William provided him with Ojibwe and Ottawa stories that promote collective adaptability and resilience. This collectivism is a useful hermeneutic through which to interpret Jane’s struggle with “melancholy thoughts” expressed in two drafts of her poem “The Contrast.” Instead of reading Jane as an Indigenous poet staggered by European knowledge, as Henry posits, scholars can more accurately root her mental state in the fragility of her kinship network during high-stakes treaty negotiations facilitated by her absent husband. This reexamination of the Johnston-Schoolcraft papers aids efforts to decolonize mental health, madness, and disability by piecing together Jane and William’s use of stories as equipment for living during a consequential period of transition for the Anishinaabe of present-day Michigan.In contrast to Henry’s project of evaluation and disqualification, William and Jane collected and shared their stories for their own project of preservation, carrying forward the recognition those tales invite that well-being and health are attributes of collectives rather than individuals.
Resistance and Other Pathologized Products of Madness
Authors: Mitchell David T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Impositions of madness revisit a founding dispossession that undergirds settler colonialism in the Americas as the dispossession of Indigenous peoples from their lands and resources and African slave removals. . . . In taking up this diagnostic “in-between,” both works endeavor to rescue madness from the cultural work it performs as pathologizing of so-called Black barbarity and so-called Indigenous primitivism.
Aortic valve repair in neonates, infants and children: a systematic review, meta-analysis and microsimulation study
Authors: Notenboom Maximiliaan L , Rhellab Reda , Etnel Jonathan R G , van den Bogerd Nova , Veen Kevin M , Taverne Yannick J H J , Helbing Willem A , van de Woestijne Pieter C , Bogers Ad J J C , Takkenberg Johanna J M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To support clinical decision-making in children with aortic valve disease, by compiling the available evidence on outcome after paediatric aortic valve repair (AVr).

METHODS
A systematic review of literature reporting clinical outcome after paediatric AVr (mean age at surgery &lt;18 years) published between 1 January 1990 and 23 December 2021 was conducted. Early event risks, late event rates and time-to-event data were pooled. A microsimulation model was employed to simulate the lives of individual children, infants and neonates following AVr.

RESULTS
Forty-one publications were included, encompassing 2 623 patients with 17 217 patient-years of follow-up (median follow-up: 7.3 years; range: 1.0–14.4 years). Pooled mean age during repair for aortic stenosis in children (&lt;18 years), infants (&lt;1 year) or neonates (&lt;30 days) was 5.2 ± 3.9 years, 35 ± 137 days and 11 ± 6 days, respectively. Pooled early mortality after stenosis repair in children, infants and neonates, respectively, was 3.5% (95% confidence interval: 1.9–6.5%), 7.4% (4.2–13.0%) and 10.7% (6.8–16.9%). Pooled late reintervention rate after stenosis repair in children, infants and neonates, respectively, was 3.31%/year (1.66–6.63%/year), 6.84%/year (3.95–11.83%/year) and 6.32%/year (3.04–13.15%/year); endocarditis 0.07%/year (0.03–0.21%/year), 0.23%/year (0.07–0.71%/year) and 0.49%/year (0.18–1.29%/year); and valve thrombosis 0.05%/year (0.01–0.26%/year), 0.15%/year (0.04–0.53%/year) and 0.19%/year (0.05–0.77%/year). Microsimulation-based mean life expectancy in the first 20 years for children, infants and neonates with aortic stenosis, respectively, was 18.4 years (95% credible interval: 18.1–18.7 years; relative survival compared to the matched general population: 92.2%), 16.8 years (16.5–17.0 years; relative survival: 84.2%) and 15.9 years (14.8–17.0 years; relative survival: 80.1%). Microsimulation-based 20-year risk of reintervention in children, infants and neonates, respectively, was 75.2% (72.9–77.2%), 53.8% (51.9–55.7%) and 50.8% (47.0–57.6%).

CONCLUSIONS
Long-term outcomes after paediatric AVr for stenosis are satisfactory and dependent on age at surgery. Despite a high hazard of reintervention for valve dysfunction and slightly impaired survival relative to the general population, AVr is associated with low valve-related event occurrences and should be considered in children with aortic valve disease.
High prevalence of frailty in patients with adrenal adenomas and adrenocortical hormone excess: a cross-sectional multi-centre study with prospective enrolment
Authors: Dogra Prerna , Šambula Lana , Saini Jasmine , Thangamuthu Karthik , Athimulam Shobana , Delivanis Danae A , Baikousi Dimitra A , Nathani Rohit , Zhang Catherine D , Genere Natalia , Salman Zara , Turcu Adina F , Ambroziak Urszula , Garcia Raul G , Achenbach Sara J , Atkinson Elizabeth J , Singh Sumitabh , LeBrasseur Nathan K , Kastelan Darko , Bancos Irina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
Frailty, characterized by multi-system decline, increases vulnerability to adverse health outcomes and can be measured using Frailty Index (FI). We aimed to assess the prevalence of frailty in patients with adrenal disorders (based on hormonal sub-type) and examine association between FI and performance-based measures of physical function.

Design
Multi-centre, cross-sectional study (March 2019-August 2022).

Methods
Adult patients with adrenal disorders (non-functioning adrenal adenomas [NFA], mild autonomous cortisol secretion [MACS], Cushing syndrome [CS], primary aldosteronism [PA]) and referent subjects without adrenal disorders completed a questionnaire encompassing 47 health variables (comorbidities, symptoms, daily living activities). FI was calculated as the average score of all variables and frailty defined as FI ≥ 0.25. Physical function was assessed with hand grip, timed up-and-go test, chair rising test, 6-minute walk test, and gait speed.

Results
Compared to referent subjects (n = 89), patients with adrenal disorders (n = 520) showed increased age, sex, and body mass index-adjusted prevalence of frailty (CS [odds ratio—OR 19.2, 95% confidence interval—CI 6.7-70], MACS [OR 12.5, 95% CI 4.8-42.9], PA [OR 8.4, 95% CI 2.9-30.4], NFA [OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.7-15.9]). Prevalence of frailty was similar to referent subjects when post-dexamethasone cortisol was &lt;28 nmol/L and was higher when post-dexamethasone cortisol was 28-50 nmol/L (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.7-16.5). FI correlated with all measures of physical function (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Whilst frailty prevalence was highest in patients with adrenocortical hormone excess, even patients with NFA demonstrated an increased prevalence compared to the referent population. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the impact of various management strategies on frailty.
An evolutionary perspective on social inequality and health disparities
Authors: Wells Jonathan C K 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
There is growing concern with social disparities in health, whether relating to gender, ethnicity, caste, socio-economic position or other axes of inequality. Despite addressing inequality, evolutionary biologists have had surprisingly little to say on why human societies are prone to demonstrating exploitation. This article builds on a recent book, ‘The Metabolic Ghetto’, describing an overarching evolutionary framework for studying all forms of social inequality involving exploitation. The dynamic ‘producer-scrounger’ game, developed to model social foraging, assumes that some members of a social group produce food, and that others scrounge from them. An evolutionary stable strategy emerges when neither producers nor scroungers can increase their Darwinian fitness by changing strategy. This approach puts food systems central to all forms of human inequality, and provides a valuable lens through which to consider different forms of gender inequality, socio-economic inequality and racial/caste discrimination. Individuals that routinely adopt producer or scrounger tactics may develop divergent phenotypes. This approach can be linked with life history theory to understand how social dynamics drive health disparities. The framework differs from previous evolutionary perspectives on inequality, by focussing on the exploitation of foraging effort rather than inequality in ecological resources themselves. Health inequalities emerge where scroungers acquire different forms of power over producers, driving increasing exploitation. In racialized societies, symbolic categorization is used to systematically assign some individuals to low-rank producer roles, embedding exploitation in society. Efforts to reduce health inequalities must address the whole of society, altering producer–scrounger dynamics rather than simply targeting resources at exploited groups.
Spectral top-down recovery of latent tree models
Authors: Aizenbud Yariv , Jaffe Ariel , Wang Meng , Hu Amber , Amsel Noah , Nadler Boaz , Chang Joseph T , Kluger Yuval 
Published: August 2023

AbstractModeling the distribution of high-dimensional data by a latent tree graphical model is a prevalent approach in multiple scientific domains. A common task is to infer the underlying tree structure, given only observations of its terminal nodes. Many algorithms for tree recovery are computationally intensive, which limits their applicability to trees of moderate size. For large trees, a common approach, termed divide-and-conquer, is to recover the tree structure in two steps. First, separately recover the structure of multiple, possibly random subsets of the terminal nodes. Second, merge the resulting subtrees to form a full tree. Here, we develop spectral top-down recovery (STDR), a deterministic divide-and-conquer approach to infer large latent tree models. Unlike previous methods, STDR partitions the terminal nodes in a non random way, based on the Fiedler vector of a suitable Laplacian matrix related to the observed nodes. We prove that under certain conditions, this partitioning is consistent with the tree structure. This, in turn, leads to a significantly simpler merging procedure of the small subtrees. We prove that STDR is statistically consistent and bound the number of samples required to accurately recover the tree with high probability. Using simulated data from several common tree models in phylogenetics, we demonstrate that STDR has a significant advantage in terms of runtime, with improved or similar accuracy.
The Characteristic Polynomial of Sums of Random Permutations and Regular Digraphs
Authors: Coste Simon , Lambert Gaultier , Zhu Yizhe 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Let $A_{n}$ be the sum of $d$ permutation matrices of size $n\times n$, each drawn uniformly at random and independently. We prove that the normalized characteristic polynomial $\frac {1}{\sqrt {d}}\det (I_{n} - z A_{n}/\sqrt {d})$ converges when $n\to \infty $ towards a random analytic function on the unit disk. As an application, we obtain an elementary proof of the spectral gap of random regular digraphs. Our results are valid both in the regime where $d$ is fixed and for $d$ slowly growing with $n$.
Longitudinal investigation of factors influencing mental health during centralized quarantine for COVID-19
Authors: Yu Haoran , Huang Wenyan , Yang Xin , Yang Hao , Ma Hui , Zhang Ning 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Centralized quarantine was applied in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. The present study aimed to investigate changes in psychological status of isolated individuals before and after quarantine.

Methods
Between August 2020 and July 2021, 648 participants completed the following psychometric evaluations before and after centralized quarantine: 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depression, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder for anxiety, the Chinese version of the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale for psychological resilience, the Chinese version of the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire for coping style, Jiang's revised Chinese version of the Perceived Social Support Scale for social support and the Chinese version of the Impact of Events Scale for stress.

Results
At the beginning of centralized quarantine, 83.2% (n=539) of participants had no depressive mood, 11% (n=71) had mild depressive mood and 5.8% (n=38) had moderate–severe depressive mood. At the end of quarantine, 80.8% (n=524) of participants had no depressive mood, 13% (n=84) had mild depressive mood and 6.2% (n=41) had moderate–severe depressive mood. At the beginning of the centralized quarantine, 86.7% (n=562) of participants had no anxiety, 9.6% (n=62) had mild anxiety and 3.7% (n=24) had moderate–severe anxiety. At the end of quarantine, 85.8% (n=556) of participants had no anxiety, 11.6% (n=75) had mild anxiety and 2.6% (n=17) had moderate–severe anxiety. After 2 weeks of centralized quarantine, anxiety (t=2.175, p&lt;0.05), stress (t=7.453, p&lt;0.01) and three stress subscale scores (p&lt;0.01) decreased significantly; psychology resilience (t=−3.63, p&lt;0.01), tenacity (t=−4.747, p&lt;0.01), active coping style (t=−3.83, p&lt;0.01) and support outside family (t=−3.07, p&lt;0.05) all increased significantly. No significant change was observed in depression, strength, optimism, passive coping style or support inside family. Depression and anxiety scores associated significantly with resilience, stress, coping styles and social support scores. Anxiety (B=0.488, β=0.413, p&lt;0.01), psychological resilience (B=−0.047, β=−0.203, p&lt;0.01) and stress (B=1.475, β=0.167, p&lt;0.1) scores before centralized quarantine were associated with depression after quarantine. Depression (B=0.323, β=0.422, p&lt;0.01), psychological resilience (B=−0.022, β=−0.123, p&lt;0.01) and stress (B=1.408, β=0.207, p&lt;0.01) scores before quarantine also influenced anxiety levels after quarantine. A cross-lagged panel model indicated that depression, anxiety, resilience and stress scores at the first assessment were predictive of depression and anxiety levels at the second assessment.

Conclusions
Good mental health during centralized quarantine was associated with high scores of psychological resilience, impact of events, coping styles and social support and did not become worse in settings where adequate support was available.
Boundaries for genotype, phenotype, and pedigree truncation in genomic evaluations in pigs
Authors: Bussiman Fernando , Chen Ching-Yi , Holl Justin , Bermann Matias , Legarra Andres , Misztal Ignacy , Lourenco Daniela 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Historical data collection for genetic evaluation purposes is a common practice in animal populations; however, the larger the dataset, the higher the computing power needed to perform the analyses. Also, fitting the same model to historical and recent data may be inappropriate. Data truncation can reduce the number of equations to solve, consequently decreasing computing costs; however, the large volume of genotypes is responsible for most of the increase in computations. This study aimed to assess the impact of removing genotypes along with phenotypes and pedigree on the computing performance, reliability, and inflation of genomic predicted breeding value (GEBV) from single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor for selection candidates. Data from two pig lines, a terminal sire (L1) and a maternal line (L2), were analyzed in this study. Four analyses were implemented: growth and “weaning to finish” mortality on L1, pre-weaning and reproductive traits on L2. Four genotype removal scenarios were proposed: removing genotyped animals without phenotypes and progeny (noInfo), removing genotyped animals based on birth year (Age), the combination of noInfo and Age scenarios (noInfo + Age), and no genotype removal (AllGen). In all scenarios, phenotypes were removed, based on birth year, and three pedigree depths were tested: two and three generations traced back and using the entire pedigree. The full dataset contained 1,452,257 phenotypes for growth traits, 324,397 for weaning to finish mortality, 517,446 for pre-weaning traits, and 7,853,629 for reproductive traits in pure and crossbred pigs. Pedigree files for lines L1 and L2 comprised 3,601,369 and 11,240,865 animals, of which 168,734 and 170,121 were genotyped, respectively. In each truncation scenario, the linear regression method was used to assess the reliability and dispersion of GEBV for genotyped parents (born after 2019). The number of years of data that could be removed without harming reliability depended on the number of records, type of analyses (multitrait vs. single trait), the heritability of the trait, and data structure. All scenarios had similar reliabilities, except for noInfo, which performed better in the growth analysis. Based on the data used in this study, considering the last ten years of phenotypes, tracing three generations back in the pedigree, and removing genotyped animals not contributing own or progeny phenotypes, increases computing efficiency with no change in the ability to predict breeding values.
A high-throughput plate method for nucleic acid extraction from beet leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and potato psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) for pathogen detection
Authors: Gorman Christopher J , Crowder David W , Swisher Grimm Kylie D 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlant pathogens that are transmitted by insect vectors cause considerable damage to crops when pests or pathogens are not detected early in the season and populations are not controlled. Knowledge of pathogen prevalence in insect pest populations can aid growers in their insect pest management decisions but requires the timely dissemination of results. This process requires that specimen capture, identification, nucleic acid extraction, and molecular detection of a pathogen(s) occur alongside a platform for sharing results. The potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli, Sulc; Hemiptera: Triozidae) and beet leafhopper (Circulifer tenellus, Baker; Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) transmit pathogens to potato and other vegetable or seed crops each season in the northwestern United States. While the potato psyllid has been tested for pathogen occurrence for the past decade, testing of the beet leafhopper is a new endeavor and substantially increases the specimen number that must be tested by our laboratories each season. To aid in the rapid processing of individual insect specimens, we optimized and validated a new high-throughput 96-well plate nucleic acid extraction method for use in place of a standard 1.5-ml single-tube extraction method. Processing efficiency, in terms of total specimens processed over a 2-day period, improved 2.5-fold, and the cost associated with processing a single sample was nearly cut in half with this newly developed plate nucleic acid extraction method. Overall, this method has proven to be an excellent tool for the rapid testing of large numbers of small, individual insect vectors to enable timely dissemination of data on pathogen prevalence to growers.