bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glofitamab in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: Real‐world data
Authors: Birtas Atesoglu Elif , Gulbas Zafer , Uzay Ant , Ozcan Muhit , Ozkalemkas Fahir , Dal Mehmet Sinan , Kalyon Hakan , Akay Olga Meltem , Deveci Burak , Bekoz Huseyin , Sevindik Omur Gokmen , Toptas Tayfur , Yilmaz Fergun , Koyun Derya , Alkis Nihan , Alacacioglu Inci , Sonmez Mehmet , Yavasoglu Irfan , Tombak Anil , Mehtap Ozgur , Kurnaz Fatih , Yuce Orhan Kemal , Karakus Volkan , Turgut Mehmet , Kurekci Derya Deniz , Ayer Mesut , Keklik Muzaffer , Buyuktas Deram , Ozbalak Murat , Ferhanoglu Burhan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlofitamab is a CD3xCD20 bi‐specific antibody with two fragments directed to the CD20 antigen and a single CD3‐binding fragment. Encouraging response and survival rates were recently reported in a pivotal phase II expansion trial conducted in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B‐cell lymphoma. However, the real‐world data of patients of all ages with no strict selection criteria are still lacking. Herein, this retrospective study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients who received glofitamab via compassionate use in Turkey. Forty‐three patients from 20 centers who received at least one dose of the treatment were included in this study. The median age was 54 years. The median number of previous therapies was 4, and 23 patients were refractory to first‐line treatment. Twenty patients had previously undergone autologous stem cell transplantation. The median follow‐up time was 5.7 months. In efficacy‐evaluable patients, 21% and 16% of them achieved complete response and partial response, respectively. The median response duration was 6.3 months. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 3.3 and 8.8 months, respectively. None of the treatment‐responsive patients progressed during the study period, and their estimated 1‐year PFS and OS rate was 83%. The most frequently reported toxicity was hematological toxicity. Sixteen patients survived, while 27 died at the time of the analysis. The most common cause of death was disease progression. One patient died of cytokine release syndrome during the first cycle after receiving the first dose of glofitamab. Meanwhile, two patients died due to glofitamab‐related febrile neutropenia. This is the largest real‐world study on the effectiveness and toxicity of glofitamab treatment in R/R DLBCL patients. The median OS of 9 months seems promising in this heavily pretreated group. The toxicity related mortality rates were the primary concerns in this study.
Predicting the COVID‐19 mortality among Iranian patients using tree‐based models: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Aghakhani Amirhossein , Shoshtarian Malak Jaleh , Karimi Zahra , Vosoughi Fardis , Zeraati Hojjat , Yekaninejad Mir Saeed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsTo explore the use of different machine learning models in prediction of COVID‐19 mortality in hospitalized patients.Materials and MethodsA total of 44,112 patients from six academic hospitals who were admitted for COVID‐19 between March 2020 and August 2021 were included in this study. Variables were obtained from their electronic medical records. Random forest‐recursive feature elimination was used to select key features. Decision tree, random forest, LightGBM, and XGBoost model were developed. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F‐1 score, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)‐AUC were used to compare the prediction performance of different models.ResultsRandom forest‐recursive feature elimination selected following features to include in the prediction model: Age, sex, hypertension, malignancy, pneumonia, cardiac problem, cough, dyspnea, and respiratory system disease. XGBoost and LightGBM showed the best performance with an ROC‐AUC of 0.83 [0.822−0.842] and 0.83 [0.816−0.837] and sensitivity of 0.77.ConclusionXGBoost, LightGBM, and random forest have a relatively high predictive performance in prediction of mortality in COVID‐19 patients and can be applied in hospital settings, however, future research are needed to externally confirm the validation of these models.
A case report of the treatment and care of decubitus ulcers in macaques with spinal cord injury
Authors: Niu Yong‐Min , Qin Hao‐Yue , Liu Jin‐Xiang , Li Xin‐Yi , Wang An‐Su , Sun Ling‐Xia , Huang Ni‐Jiao , Yang Chang‐Wei , Cao Yu , Bai Tao , Lan Yang , Liu Sheng , Yuan Hao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDecubitus ulcers are a common spinal cord injury (SCI) complication that puts patients' lives in danger and has emerged as a more prevalent issue in modern clinical rehabilitation and care. Decubitus ulcers in humans can currently be treated in a number of different ways, but there are fewer studies on how to treat and care for decubitus ulcers in macaques. To treat a 20‐year‐old adult male macaque monkey with SCI and decubitus ulcers after a quarter transection of the thoracic spinal cord, a number of scientific care procedures and pharmaceutical treatments, such as dietary changes and topical or intravenous administration of medication, were carried out and continuously monitored in real‐time. In comparison to the untreated group, we observed a significant improvement in decubitus wound healing in the macaques. In this article, we provide a good protocol for decubitus ulcer care after SCI and suggest that future experimental animal modeling needs to focus on issues such as care for postoperative complications.
Comparative analysis of the clinical efficacy and reproductive outcomes of the hysteroscopic tissue removal system (MyoSure) and hysteroscopic electroresection in the treatment of benign intrauterine lesions
Authors: Yong Jiahui , Wan Yajun , Ye Mingzhu , Yi Shuijing , Zeng Fei , Sun Xin , Song Jiarui , Wang Xinyu , Zeng Xiangyang , Xiao Songshu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare and analyze the clinical efficacy and reproductive outcomes of the hysteroscopic tissue removal system (MyoSure) and hysteroscopic electroresection in the treatment of benign intrauterine lesions in women of reproductive age.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of patients with benign intrauterine lesions treated with MyoSure or hysteroscopic electroresection. The primary outcomes were operative time and resection completeness, and reproductive outcomes were followed up and compared. Secondary outcomes included perioperative adverse events and postoperative adhesions seen during second‐look hysteroscopy. Data analysis was performed using χ2 and Fisher tests for qualitative variables and Student t‐test for quantitative variables.ResultsThe operative times of patients with type 0 or I myoma, endometrial polyps, or retained products of conception in the MyoSure group were shorter than those in the electroresection group but were not significantly different for patients with type II myomas. The complete resection rate was lower in the MyoSure group than in the electroresection group. The degree of decrease in the American Fertility Society score of intrauterine adhesion in the MyoSure group was significantly higher (2.90 ± 1.29 points vs 1.31 ± 0.89 points, P = 0.025). The time to pregnancy and the pregnancy rate were higher in the MyoSure group (13.14 ± 7.85 months vs 16.26 ± 8.22 months, P = 0.040; 65.12% vs 54.55%, P = 0.045), but there was no significant difference in the term live birth rate, premature birth rate, or abortion rate between the two groups.ConclusionMyoSure has advantages of a shortened operative time and improvement in reproductive outcomes such as pregnancy rate. However, for type II myomas, MyoSure has limitations, and a comprehensive evaluation before the procedure is required.
A novel adaptive class weight adjustment‐based multiclass segmentation error minimization technique for COVID‐19 X‐ray image analysis
Authors: Samantaray Leena , Panda Rutuparna , Naik Manoj Kumar , Abraham Ajith 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCoronavirus outbreaks during the last couple of years created a huge health disaster for human lives. Diagnosis of COVID‐19 infections is, thus, very important for the medical practitioners. For a quick detection, analysis of the COVID‐19 chest X‐ray images is inevitable. Therefore, there is a strong need for the development of a multiclass segmentation method for the purpose. Earlier techniques used for multiclass segmentation of images are mostly based on entropy measurements. Nonetheless, entropy methods are not efficient when the gray‐level distribution of the image is nonuniform. To address this problem, a novel adaptive class weight adjustment‐based multiclass segmentation error minimization technique for COVID‐19 chest X‐ray image analysis is investigated. Theoretical investigations on the first‐hand objective functions are presented. The results on both the biclass and multiclass segmentation of medical images are enlightened. The key to our success is the adjustment of the pixel counts of different classes adaptively to reduce the error of segmentation. The COVID‐19 chest X‐ray images are taken from the Kaggle Radiography database for the experiments. The proposed method is compared with the state‐of‐the‐art methods based on Tsallis, Kapur's, Masi, and Rényi entropy. The well‐known segmentation metrics are used for an empirical analysis. Our method achieved a performance increase of around 8.03% in the case of PSNR values, 3.01% for FSIM, and 4.16% for SSIM. The proposed technique would be useful for extracting dots from micro‐array images of DNA sequences and multiclass segmentation of the biomedical images such as MRI, CT, and PET.
Associations of resilience and hope with mental and physical health among firefighters
Authors: Senger Amy R. , McGrew Shelby J. , Gallagher Matthew W. , Vujanovic Anka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveFirefighters represent an understudied population with high rates of chronic exposure to stress and potentially traumatic events. Thus, there is a need to identify modifiable resilience factors to address posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (PTSD) and chronic pain in firefighters to inform prevention and intervention efforts.MethodsThe current sample included 155 firefighters (93.5% male; Mage = 42.2, SD = 9.8) recruited online from career, volunteer, and combination (i.e., volunteer and career) departments in a large metropolitan area in the southern United States.ResultsStructural equation modeling (SEM) was used to investigate the associations between/among resilience and hope on PTSD symptoms, chronic pain, well‐being, and posttraumatic growth (PTG). Resilience had a stronger, negative relationship with PTSD and chronic pain compared to hope, while hope had a stronger, positive relationship with PTG and well‐being compared to resilience. Hope and resilience combined predicted 10%–33% of the variance in the outcomes.ConclusionThe current findings may provide evidence to promote interventions that increase resilience and hope in firefighters.
Low muscle mass, malnutrition, sarcopenia, and associations with survival in adults with cancer in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Kiss Nicole , Prado Carla M. , Daly Robin M. , Denehy Linda , Edbrooke Lara , Baguley Brenton J. , Fraser Steve F. , Khosravi Abbas , Abbott Gavin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow muscle mass (MM) is a common component of cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia, conditions that are all independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. This study aimed to (1) compare the prevalence of low MM, malnutrition, and sarcopenia and their association with survival in adults with cancer from the UK Biobank and (2) explore the influence of different allometric scaling (height [m2] or body mass index [BMI]) on low MM estimates.MethodsParticipants in the UK Biobank with a cancer diagnosis within 2 years of the baseline assessment were identified. Low MM was estimated by appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST) from bioelectrical impedance analysis derived fat‐free mass. Malnutrition was determined using the Global Leadership in Malnutrition criteria. Sarcopenia was defined using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria (version 2). All‐cause mortality was determined from linked national mortality records. Cox‐proportional hazards models were fitted to estimate the effect of low MM, malnutrition, and sarcopenia on all‐cause mortality.ResultsIn total, 4122 adults with cancer (59.8 ± 7.1 years; 49.2% male) were included. Prevalence of low MM (8.0% vs. 1.7%), malnutrition (11.2% vs. 6.2%), and sarcopenia (1.4% vs. 0.2%) was higher when MM was adjusted using ALST/BMI compared with ALST/height2, respectively. Low MM using ALST/BMI identified more cases in participants with obesity (low MM 56.3% vs. 0%; malnutrition 50% vs. 18.5%; sarcopenia 50% vs. 0%). During a median 11.2 (interquartile range: 10.2, 12.0) years of follow up, 901 (21.7%) of the 4122 participants died, and of these, 744 (82.6%) deaths were cancer‐specific All conditions were associated with a higher hazard of mortality using either method of MM adjustment: low MM (ALST/height2: HR 1.9 [95% CI 1.3, 2.8], P = 0.001; ALST/BMI: HR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005; malnutrition (ALST/height2: HR 2.5 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005; ALST/BMI: HR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005; sarcopenia (ALST/height2: HR 2.9 [95% CI 1.3, 6.5], P = 0.013; ALST/BMI: HR 1.6 [95% CI 1.0, 2.4], P = 0.037).ConclusionsIn adults with cancer, malnutrition was more common than low MM or sarcopenia, although all conditions were associated with a higher mortality risk, regardless of the method of adjusting for MM. In contrast, adjustment of low MM for BMI identified more cases of low MM, malnutrition, and sarcopenia overall and in participants with obesity compared with height adjustment, suggesting it is the preferred adjustment.
Reappraising the role of chronic inflammatory burden in heart failure
Authors: Lin Xueqi , Song Wei , Zhang Chunsheng , Zhou Miaomiao , Li Jiming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome associated with poor quality of life, substantial utilization of health care resources, and premature mortality. It is now considered to be the most urgent unmet medical need in the field of cardiovascular disease. Accumulated evidence suggested that comorbidity‐driven inflammation has emerged as a critical component of HF pathogenesis. Although anti‐inflammatory therapies have increased in popularity, very few effective treatments are still available. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between chronic inflammation and its impact on HF will facilitate the identification of future therapeutic targets.MethodsA two‐sample Mendelian randomization study was conducted to assess the association between genetic liability for chronic inflammation and HF. By analyzing functional annotations and enrichment data, we were able to identify common pathophysiological mechanisms.ResultsThe present study did not provide evidence for chronic inflammation as the cause of HF and the reliability of the results was enhanced by the other three Mendelian randomization analysis methods. Functional annotations of genes and pathway enrichment analyses have indicated that chronic inflammation and HF share a common pathophysiology.ConclusionsThe associations between chronic inflammation and cardiovascular disease from observational studies may be explained by shared risk factors and comorbidities rather than direct effects.
The current scenario of furoxan hybrids with anticancer potential
Authors: Shi Yu‐Min , Wang Jun , Yan Heng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCancer is one of the most common and deadliest diseases affecting millions of human beings globally. Treatment of cancer has achieved great advancements, and chemotherapy remains one of the most important means. However, the chemotherapy suffers from apparent limitations including drug resistance, systemic toxicity, adverse effects, and tumor recurrence, creating an urgent demand to develop novel anticancer chemotherapeutics. Furoxan derivatives could exert anticancer activity via releasing high concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), which could induce cellular apoptosis, arrest cell cycle, inhibit the migration and invasion of cells, and suppress angiogenesis. Hence, furoxan derivatives demonstrated potent in vitro and in vivo anticancer efficiency. In particular, furoxan hybrids, combination of other anticancer pharmacophores with furoxan moiety, demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on various cancers including drug‐resistant forms since these derivatives could act on multiple targets in cancer cells simultaneously. Accordingly, furoxan hybrids constitute an important source in the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents with anticancer activity. This review is to highlight the current scenario of furoxan hybrids with anticancer potential, covering articles published from 2012 to present. The structure–activity relationships and mechanisms of action are discussed to continuously open up a map for the remarkable exploration of more effective candidates.
Children as Earth Authors: A Story of Creativity, Metacognition and Motivation among Indian School Children
Authors: Jamal Aneesa , Jamal Abubakr Mohammed , Yusof Sanitah Mohd 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTProject‐Based Learning (PBL) is inherently creative. But little is known about children's process of creativity during a PBL experience or how PBL supports the creative process. This qualitative study explores 14 Indian schoolchildren's creative journey during a book‐authoring PBL program. Transcripts for the structured interviews, assignments, driving questions, and journals were analyzed for patterns inductively and codified for themes. Results show that PBL provided the framework for children's creative behavior. Children's creative process was a cycle between ideating, shaping a story, reviewing, and rework with elements of “jugaad.” Emotion played a key role in the creative process. Metacognition played a dual role in both helping to shape the storybooks and children's self‐beliefs and added to their motivation. Children's self‐concept as authors and self‐efficacious beliefs in the powerful impact of their storybooks motivated them through an extremely challenging project. The significance of the research is threefold. First, it explores Indian children's creative process, which is extremely under‐researched. Second, it explores the role of creative metacognition in the creative process. Most importantly, it highlights PBL as a way for creating learning conditions to foster creativity.
Reducing the treatment burden of keratinocyte cancers requiring referral to plastic surgery: Lessons from lockdown
Authors: Drumm Ciara , Lynch Sorcha , O'Donnell Ciara , Lawlor Catriona , Dolan Roisin , Moriarty Blaithin , Lally Aoife 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundKeratinocyte cancers are increasing in incidence in Ireland and are more common in older age, necessitating multidisciplinary specialist input and treatment often is a greater burden for patients. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) allowed us to restructure our interspecialty treatment pathways to reduce healthcare contact for patients.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish whether a revised interspecialty pathway reduced the time‐to‐treatment completion (days) and treatment burden (defined as total healthcare encounter days).MethodsPatients with keratinocyte cancer under the care of dermatology and plastic surgery at St Vincent's University Hospital Dublin from July to December 2020 inclusive were identified in the Hospital‐Inpatient Enquiry database. Treatment burden was captured as the number of total days with a healthcare encounter and time‐to‐treatment completion was captured as the time from initial dermatology review to complete excision by plastic surgery.ResultsForty patients with 49 keratinocyte cancers were referred by dermatology to plastic surgery from July to December 2020. Thirty‐nine patients with 48 keratinocyte cancers were included in the analysis. The new referral pathway reduced the time‐to‐treatment completion from a mean of 164 to 75 days (p = 0.04). Treatment burden reduced from a mean of 5.4 to 3.5 (p = 0.002) total healthcare encounter days.ConclusionsMultidisciplinary input to establish a more efficient referral pathway for patients with keratinocyte cancer has successfully reduced the time‐to‐treatment completion and the treatment burden for our patients. This approach reduced the risk of exposure to COVID‐19 for patients and frees up valuable healthcare resources to treat these increasingly frequent malignancies.
Relationship between the Co‐Continuous Morphology of Immiscible Polymer Blends and the Structure of an In Situ Formed Graft Copolymer
Authors: Liang Tianqi , Huang Qiwen , Wei Zhaoyang , Lei Weiwei , You Jun , Liu Jie , Ren Xiaoming , Zhang Qunchao , Hu Guohua , Shi Dean 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to get stable co‐continuous morphology in immiscible polymer blends, besides reducing the interfacial tension, the compatibilizer should not only promote the formation of flat interface between different phases, but also not hinder the coalescence of the dispersed phase. Herein, the relationship between the morphology of the compatibilized polystyrene/nylon 6/styrene‐maleic anhydride (PS/PA6/SMA) immiscible polymer blends and the structures of the in‐situ formed SMA‐g‐PA6 graft copolymers as well as the processing conditions are studied. Two kinds of SMA are used: SMA28 (28 wt.% MAH) and SMA11 (11 wt.% MAH). After melt blending with PA6, the in‐situ formed copolymer SMA28‐g‐PA6 has on average of four PA6 side chains, while that of SMA11‐g‐PA6 has only one. Dissipative particle dynamics simulation results indicate that both SMA28‐g‐PA6 copolymer and PS/PA6/SMA28 blends tend to form co‐continuous structure, while those related to SMA11 intend to form sea‐island morphologies. These results are correct only at relatively low rotor speed (60 rpm). When the rotor speed is higher (105 rpm), sea‐island morphologies are obtained in SMA28 systems, while that for SMA11 ones are co‐continuous. This indicates that higher shear stress can elongate the minor phase domains to form flat interfaces, while the SMA28‐g‐PA6 copolymers can be pulled out from the interface.
Multi‐frame biomechanical and relaxometry analysis during in vivo loading of the human knee by spiral dualMRI and compressed sensing
Authors: Lee Woowon , Miller Emily Y. , Zhu Hongtian , Schneider Stephanie E. , Reiter David A. , Neu Corey P. 
Published: May 2023

PurposeKnee cartilage experiences repetitive loading during physical activities, which is altered during the pathogenesis of diseases like osteoarthritis. Analyzing the biomechanics during motion provides a clear understanding of the dynamics of cartilage deformation and may establish essential imaging biomarkers of early‐stage disease. However, in vivo biomechanical analysis of cartilage during rapid motion is not well established.MethodsWe used spiral displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) MRI on in vivo human tibiofemoral cartilage during cyclic varus loading (0.5 Hz) and used compressed sensing on the k‐space data. The applied compressive load was set for each participant at 0.5 times body weight on the medial condyle. Relaxometry methods were measured on the cartilage before (T1ρ, T2) and after (T1ρ) varus load.ResultsDisplacement and strain maps showed a gradual shift of displacement and strain in time. Compressive strain was observed in the medial condyle cartilage and shear strain was roughly half of the compressive strain. Male participants had more displacement in the loading direction compared to females, and T1ρ values did not change after cyclic varus load. Compressed sensing reduced the scanning time up to 25% to 40% when comparing the displacement maps and substantially lowered the noise levels.ConclusionThese results demonstrated the ease of which spiral DENSE MRI could be applied to clinical studies because of the shortened imaging time, while quantifying realistic cartilage deformations that occur through daily activities and that could serve as biomarkers of early osteoarthritis.