bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfusion Changes in Perforator-Based Propeller Flaps
Authors: Bernuth Silvia , Vater Adrian , Fuchs Konrad F. , Meffert Rainer H. , Jakubietz Rafael G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground To cover soft tissue defects, the perforator-based propeller flap offers the option to rotate healthy tissue into complex wounds. By rotating the flap, the perforator is torqued. As a result, perfusion changes are possible.Methods A retrospective data analysis of patients was done, who received a propeller flap to cover soft tissue defects of the lower extremity as well as a peri- and postoperative perfusion monitoring with a laser-Doppler-spectrophotometry system. Additionally, patient-specific data were collected.Results Seven patients were identified. Four patients experienced early complications, two epidermolysis of the distal flap areas, three wound healing disorders, and one partial flap necrosis. Intraoperative perfusion monitoring showed a decline of blood flow after incision of the flap, especially at distal flap site. In case of complications, there were prolonged blood flow declines up to the first postoperative day.Conclusion Torqueing the perforator by rotating the flap can cause an impairment in inflow and outflow. If the impairment is prolonged, perfusion-associated complications are possible. The identification of a viable perforator is particularly important. In addition, a conservative postoperative mobilization is necessary to compensate for the impaired and adapting outflow.
Recent Applications of Ammonium Ylide Based [2,3]-Sigmatropic and [1,2]-Stevens Rearrangements To Transform Amines into Natural Products
Authors: Schwartz Zachary , Valiton Chelsea , Lovasz Myles , Roberts Andrew G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmmonium ylide based [2,3]-sigmatropic and [1,2]-Stevens rearrangements enable the transformation of tertiary amines into rearranged and functionalized intermediates en route to many polycyclic natural product targets. Herein, we summarize recent applications of these rearrangement reactions in formal and total synthesis endeavors while highlighting innovative improvements to these transforms.1	Introduction2	Ammonium Ylide Based [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements in Natural Product Synthesis2.1	(–)-Cephalotaxine2.2	(±)-Amathaspiramide F2.3	(–)-Cephalezomine G and Its C3 Epimer2.4	(±)-Strictamine2.5	(–)-Doxycycline3	[1,2]-Stevens Rearrangements Toward Natural Products3.1	Ring-Expanding [1,2]-Stevens Rearrangements en route to (±)-Tylophorine, (±)-7-Methoxycryptopleurine, and (±)-Xylopinine3.2	Enantioselective Synthesis of Iboga Alkaloids and (+)-Vinblastine4	Selected Methodology4.1	Ammonium Ylide Based [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements To Form Natural Product Cores4.2 Cascade Reactions Involving [1,2]-Stevens Rearrangement/ Hofmann-Type Elimination Events5	Conclusions
Imaging Recommendations for Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Bone Tumors
Authors: Janu Amit , Patra Anurima , Kumar Mahesh , Gulia Ashish , Kulkarni Suyash , Shetty Nitin Sudhakar , Puri Ajay , Nayak Prakash , Pruthi Manish 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrimary bone sarcomas account for less than 1% of diagnosed cancers each year. In this era of multiplanar and functional imaging, the approach to the radiographic diagnosis of bone cancers goes much beyond traditional radiography. Radiographs are still the most pertinent part of the initial diagnosis of bone tumors. Multimodal imaging, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can help with issues such as complex anatomy, marrow assessment, soft assessment, and better local staging. The emerging imaging modality such as positron emission tomography (PET)-CT/PET-MRI has further transformed the imaging of bone malignancies. Radiologist plays an important role in the workup, staging, and management of bone tumors. The purpose of this article is to review imaging recommendations for better diagnosis, staging, and management of bone tumors.
Hepatic Encephalopathy after Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Creation
Authors: Trivedi Surbhi , Lam Katie , Ganesh Ashwin , Hasnain Yasir , Hassan Wassim , Herren Josi , Gaba Ron C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation is effective in treating the sequelae of decompensated liver cirrhosis—including medically refractory ascites and variceal bleeding—by decompressing the portal venous system through a manmade portosystemic conduit within the liver. However, the altered physiology in which splenomesenteric blood bypasses intrahepatic portal venous perfusion can precipitate varying degrees of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). While the majority of post-TIPS HE cases can be treated medically, some require escalated management strategies, including endovascular interventions to modify the indwelling TIPS and/or occlude competitive physiologic spontaneous portosystemic shunts. This review article details the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of post-TIPS HE.
A Comprehensive Review of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt–Related Complications
Authors: Lopera Jorge E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is one of the most technically complex procedures in interventional radiology, the need to connect two veins with variable anatomy, located in two different planes in hard and many times small cirrhotic livers using a needle, can be quite challenging. Despite more than 30 years of performing TIPS, the complex hemodynamics of the portal system are not fully understood, and sometimes unpredictable alterations of the portal flow can lead to serious unexpected complications. The best strategies to prevent TIPS complications are optimal patient selection, meticulous technique, operator experience, and immediate correction of identified adverse events. The purpose of this article is to review the technical complications with TIPS, the unique complications related to the use of stent grafts, and the late complications after the procedure, with emphasis on ways to prevent and treat them.
How nursing students’ risk perception affected their professional commitment during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating effects of negative emotions and moderating effects of psychological capital
Authors: Li Junlong , Huang Changping , Yang Yili , Liu Jie , Lin Xiaojun , Pan Jay 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNurses play a pivotal role in the delivery of medical services. Professional commitment is crucial for nursing professionals’ long-term, healthy, and sustainable development. However, nursing students’ professional commitment levels are currently unsatisfactory in China, especially given that the COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to the profession. Therefore, studies investigating the professional commitment levels of nursing students and the underlying influencing factors are urgently required. This study explored how nursing students’ risk perceptions, negative emotions, and psychological capital affected their professional commitment during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted among nursing students using risk perception, professional commitment, negative emotions, and psychological capital scales. An analysis of 1142 Chinese nursing students suggested that nursing students’ risk perception positively impacted professional commitment and that negative emotions mediated this association. Importantly, psychological capital moderates the mediating effect of negative emotions and can buffer the negative emotions caused by risk perception. This study demonstrated that effective intervention strategies should be implemented in multiple dimensions such as education, individual, public and society to improve the professional commitment of nursing students.
An apparatus for probing multipactor in X-band waveguide components
Authors: Gregory A. , Wright D. , Spencer H. , Mankowski J. J. , Dickens J. C. , Stephens J. , Neuber A. A. 
Published: May 2023

Rectangular waveguides are susceptible to avalanche-style breakdown via the multipactor phenomenon. The growth in secondary electron density produced via multipactor can damage and destroy RF components. A pulse-adjustable, hard-switched modulator powering an X-band magnetron was utilized to drive a modular experimental setup that enables testing different surface geometries and coatings. Power measurements, taken via diodes, and phase measurements, facilitated via a double-balanced mixer, were integrated into the overall apparatus enabling multipactor detection with high sensitivity and nanosecond temporal resolution. The utilized 150 kW peak microwave source with 2.5 μs pulse width and 100 Hz repetition frequency allows for threshold testing without the need for initial electron seeding. This paper includes the initial results of surface conditioning of the test multipactor gap via electron bombardment.
Photocycloadditions of benzene derivatives and their systematic application to organic synthesis
Authors: Desvals Arthur , Hoffmann Norbert 
Published: May 2023

Photocycloadditions of benzene derivatives with alkenes play an important role as key steps in organic synthesis. Intramolecular reactions have been most frequently studied in this context. Often, meta or [2 + 3] photocycloadditions take place in competition with ortho or [2 + 2] additions. The influence of the substitution pattern and the spin multiplicity of the excited state on the outcome of these reactions is discussed. A topological analysis permitting a systematic application of the [2 + 3] photocycloadditions to the total synthesis of natural products is presented and a selection of corresponding syntheses is discussed. More recently the [2 + 2] photocycloaddition and consecutive rearrangements on organic synthesis have been published. Some approaches in the context of asymmetric synthesis have also been reported.
Calibrating recipiency through pronominal reference
Authors: Dahmen Josua , Blythe Joe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractParticipants in conversation have a range of options for referring to co-conversationalists – lexical, grammatical, embodied – regardless of their language. Personal pronouns have been described as the most unmarked way of achieving reference, where little else is accomplished other than the action of referring. We demonstrate that speakers in a multi-party conversation whose language distinguishes between second and third-person pronouns, or between inclusive and exclusive pronouns, are constantly attributing and managing participation roles when referring to co-participants, even when using the default reference forms. Grammatical contrasts within pronoun inventories are recruited, often in conjunction with points and gaze, to indicate which co-participants are being addressed and which are being referred to. Address is constantly recalibrated through practices of reference. Speakers also draw on more marked referential expressions in order to emphasise the attribution of participation roles more explicitly. This study is based on a corpus of casual multi-party conversations in Jaru, an endangered Australian language with a dual pronominal system which encodes three grammatical numbers (singular, dual, and plural) and specifies whether the referents of first-person dual and plural pronouns exclude or include the addressee(s).
Positional identities negotiated within a collective identity
Authors: Shibata Miki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis qualitative study explores Japanese students’ positional identities in EMI contexts. Their positioning act is operated by the sociocultural norms of a program shared among community members. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 13 first-year students enrolled in an undergraduate English-taught program (ETP) at a Japanese national university. A thematic analysis of the interview data produced four main themes: (a) acting self-identification as a peripheral position, (b) hierarchy in a Japanese cohort, (c) an identity gap between the ideal self and reality, and (d) the ETP-A collective identity for membership negotiation. The study shows how participants position themselves and others based on English proficiency and academic culture, whereby students force themselves to acculturate for legitimate full participation. Such traits reflect collective identities and function as forms of sociocultural norms that determine legitimate membership. Furthermore, such norms lead to stratification between students: Japanese students identify themselves as inactive members of the ETP group with limited second-language (L2) English. Conversely, the collective identity helps them reclaim their ETP membership in Japanese-medium instruction classes with Japanese students from outside of the ETP. Japanese students’ positional identities are discussed in terms of L2 English competence and classroom culture.
On a numerical construction of doubly stochastic matrices with prescribed eigenvalues
Authors: Rammal Kassem , Mourad Bassam , Abbas Hassane , Issa Hassan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study the inverse eigenvalue problem for finding doubly stochastic matrices with specified eigenvalues. By making use of a combination of Dykstra’s algorithm and an alternating projection process onto a non-convex set, we derive hybrid algorithms for finding doubly stochastic matrices and symmetric doubly stochastic matrices with prescribed eigenvalues. Furthermore, we prove that the proposed algorithms converge, and linear convergence is also proved. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of our method.
Rapid prototyping of microfluidics devices using novel thermoset polydicyclopentadiene
Authors: Song Guo , Weicheng Yang , Yong Luo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study demonstrates the facile fabrication of microfluidic devices using novel thermoset polydicyclopentadiene (PDCPD). The fabrication process was accomplished using a strategy similar to soft lithography using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The semi-cured PDCPD gel prepared from the thermal latent system of dicyclopentadiene retained the advantage of rapid and easy assembly via conformal contact, which is commonly achieved for devices fabricated from PDMS. Two methods were developed to form permanent bonding between PDCPD and PDMS, glass, and PDCPD, based on the polymerization of the semi-cured gel. The solvent compatibility of PDCPD was tested using various solvents over a period of 24 h, revealing excellent tolerance to acids, bases, alcohols, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. However, PDCPD exhibited a low tolerance toward aromatic hydrocarbons, tetrahydrofuran, and chlorinated solvents. PDCPD devices demonstrated approximately 90% and 86% transmittance for 1 and 4 mm thick samples, respectively, in the visible-light region (400–800 nm). To further demonstrate the versatility of the material, droplets were generated on a PDCPD microfluidic device. This study confirmed the feasibility of using PDCPD as a routine material for the rapid prototyping of new designs.
Design and development of a piezoelectric driven micropump integrated with hollow microneedles for precise insulin delivery
Authors: Datta Arkaprava , Biswas Shatavisha , Dhar Riddhiman , Kanti Bhattacharyya Tarun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A significant rise in diabetes has spurred researchers to develop more painless, patient-friendly, precise therapeutic products for insulin delivery. There is extensive use of valveless micropumps in numerous medical devices since they constitute the key component in the microsystem for fluid control and precision delivery. This study reports a novel integrated insulin delivery device consisting of a valveless piezoelectric-driven micropump, a hollow microneedle array, and a fluid reservoir. At first, a simple, low-cost micropump driven by a piezoelectric disc is fabricated using 3D printing technology. Nozzle/diffuser elements are used instead of any active valves in order to avoid leakage and other complexities. To investigate the viability of the micropump, an analysis of the vibrational performance of the piezoelectric actuator is performed. COMSOL Multiphysics is used to perform the transient analysis of the piezoelectric actuator of the micropump. Further, simulation-based flow analyses are carried out to verify the outcomes of the experimental studies. The experimental results indicate that the maximum flow rate of the micropump is achieved at 400 Hz for insulin. To realize the final aim of this work, an array of hollow SU-8 microneedles is fabricated and then finally integrated with the piezoelectric-driven valveless micropump and fluid reservoir. This integrated insulin delivery device is tuneable and can achieve a maximum flow rate of 120.5 µl min−1 for insulin at 60Vpp, 400 Hz sine wave.
Dynamic long-period fiber grating through all-optical control based on MXene’s photothermal effect
Authors: Li Xiaokang , Liu Chi , Chong Yizhuo , Liao Xinya , Zhang Jiwei , Jiang Yajun , Du Bobo , Yang Dexing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbide/nitride (MXene) materials have been found to have an outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency by virtue of excellent electromagnetic wave absorption capacity and a localized surface plasmon resonance effect. Integrated photonics and optoelectronic devices based on 2D materials such as MXene are the core of future industrial developments. Here, we report an attractive all-optical control of long-period fiber grating (LPFG) by taking advantage of MXene’s excellent photothermal conversion property. MXene is utilized as the photothermal tuning agent coated onto a bare section of LPFG. Experimental results reveal that the MXene-LPFG (MLPFG) is dynamic and the wavelength is tunable with external optical stimuli. The linear tuning sensitivity of wavelength is up to 72.6 pm mW−1. This all-optical controlled MLPFG is highly potential in optical filters, active devices, and optical modulators.
Influence of native defects on magneto-optoelectronic properties of α-MoO3
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Mishra Vikash , Shukla Alok 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Semiconducting oxides possess a variety of intriguing electronic, optical, and magnetic properties, and native defects play a crucial role in these systems. In this study, we study the influence of native defects on these properties of α-MoO3 using the first-principles density functional theory calculations. From the formation energy calculations, it is concluded that Mo vacancies are difficult to form in the system, while O and Mo–O co-vacancies are energetically quite favorable. We further find that vacancies give rise to mid-gap states (trap states) that remarkably affect the magneto-optoelectronic properties of the material. Our calculations indicate that a single Mo vacancy leads to half-metallic behavior, and also induces a large magnetic moment of 5.98

μ

B

. On the other hand, for the single O vacancy case, the band gap disappears completely, but the system remains in a non-magnetic state. For Mo–O co-vacancies of two types considered in this work, a reduced band gap is found, along with an induced magnetic moment of 2.0

μ

B

. Furthermore, a few finite peaks below the main band edge are observed in the absorption spectra of configurations with Mo and O vacancies, while they are absent in the Mo–O co-vacancies of both types, just like in the pristine state. From the ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations, stability and sustainability of induced magnetic moment at room temperate is verified. Our findings will enable the development of defect strategies that maximize the functionality of the system and further help in designing highly efficient magneto-optoelectronic and spintronic devices.
A new rapid positioning strategy for the impact-point using dynamic mode decomposition and time difference of arrival
*
Authors: Bi Shengfan , Huang Yong , Wang Hao , Zhao Jinyu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In outdoor shooting range experiments, locating the projectile impact point is typically done through manual search, which can be time-consuming and costly. To improve experimental efficiency and reduce costs, this paper proposes a new approach for localizing the impact point using the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) extension method and time difference of arrival (TDOA) based on seismic waves. The DMD extension method is applied to one-dimensional seismic signals. Additionally, diagonal averaging is applied to recover the reconstructed matrix, which could achieve better noise reduction than conventional singular value decomposition and empirical mode decomposition methods. Numerical simulations are then conducted to analyze the impact point positioning model, resulting in an absolute location error within 20 m in a 1000 m square area. The work demonstrates that the joint positioning algorithm combining on DMD and TDOA achieves high positioning accuracy, making it a promising tool for future experiments on outdoor shooting ranges.
Cellulose membrane coated Mo-doped TiO2 nanotube sheets for sustained oxidation of biomolecules
Authors: Shojai Sajjad , Meftahi Mohammad , Yousefi Reza , Moosavi-Movahedi Ali A , Haeri-Rohani Ali , Habibi-Rezaei Mehran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNT) are widely researched materials for the photocatalytic generation of free radicals, which are useful in wastewater treatment. We aimed to prepare Mo-doped TNT sheets, covered with a cellulose membrane to avoid TNT surface inactivation by protein adsorption. We studied the susceptibility of serum albumin (SA) bound to different molar ratios of palmitic acid (PA) to denaturation and fibrillation by this system, which is meant to mimic oxidative stress conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The results demonstrated that cellulose membrane-covered TNT successfully oxidized the SA, identified by structural changes to the protein. Increasing the molar ratio of PA to protein-enhanced thiol group oxidation while protecting the protein against structural changes. Finally, we propose that in this photocatalyzed oxidation system, the protein is oxidized by a non-adsorptive mechanism mediated by H2O2. Therefore, we suggest that this system could be used as a sustained oxidation system to oxidize biomolecules as well as potentially in wastewater treatment.