bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Cultured in Two- and Three- Dimensional Models: Insights into Cellular Morphologies, Drug Responsiveness and Transcriptomics
Authors: Abbas Zaid Nsaif , Al-Saffar Ali Z. , Jasim Saba Mahdi , Sulaiman Ghassan M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Drug development is a time-consuming and expensive process, given the low success rate of clinical trials. Now, anticancer drug developments have shifted to three-dimensional (3D) models which are more likely to mimic tumor behavior compared to traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures. A comparative study among different aspects was conducted between 2D and 3D cultures using colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, in addition, Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) block samples of patients with CRC were used for evaluation. Compared to the 2D culture, cells grown in 3D displayed significant (p < 0.01) differences in the pattern of cell proliferation over time, cell death phase profile, expression of tumorgenicity related genes and responsiveness to 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and doxorubicin, compared with 2D cultured cells. Epigenetically, 3D cultures and FFPE shared the same methylation pattern and microRNA expression, while 2D cells showed elevation in methylation rate and altered microRNA expression. Lastly, transcriptomic study depending on RNA sequencing and thorough bioinformatic analyses showed significant (p-adj < 0.05) dissimilarity in gene expression profile between 2D and 3D cultures involving thousands of genes (up/down-regulated) of multiple pathways for each cell line. Taken together, the study provides insights into variation in cellular morphologies between cells cultured in 2D and 3D models.
Effects of Refundable State Earned Income Tax Credit on Access to Health Care and Dental Services of Single Mothers of Two Or More Children: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Qian Haobing , Wehby George 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Low-income women face access constraints to timely medical and dental services particularly not covered by Medicaid. Less is known about how small to moderate income changes from state EITC in low-income households affect health care access and utilization. This study aims to examine the effects of refundable state EITC on access to care among low-income mothers and evaluate how the effects vary across different interview months depending on the length of effective EITC exposure time window.Methods The sample included single low-educated mothers aged 18–44 with at least two children. From 1996–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). A two-way fixed effects model is employed to estimate the overall effects of state EITC on access to medical and dental care services pooling across the last 12 months. Next we estimate the effects for those interviewed during May to December and June to November, anticipating larger effects due to longer effective EITC exposure time.Results Our findings demonstrate differential treatment effects on access to medical and dental care. Overall, we do no find positive effects of refundable state EITC programs on access to medical and dental services in models pooling across the last 12 months. However, when focusing on those interviewed during May-December, our results show a 10 percentage-point increase in refundable state EITC is associated with 0.2 percentage-point reduction in forgone medical visit (95% CI: -0.007,0.003), 0.3 percentage-point reduction in routine medical checkup (95% CI: -0.007,0.0002), and 1 percentage-point increase in dental visit (95% CI: 0.003,0.02). Effects are larger among those interviewed June-November, suggesting longer effective EITC exposure time window are associated with larger EITC benefits.Conclusion Our findings provide some albeit limited evidence of small economic benefits from refundable state EITC programs on access to medical and dental services within the months immediately following disbursement of refunds. Effects are larger for interviewed months June-November, compared to interview months May-December. Overall, however, effects are small, and estimates can rule out moderate to large effects. And changes in healthcare utilization are likely to be short term.
Healthcare costs attributable to abnormal weight in China: evidence based on a longitudinal study
Authors: Zhao Shiqi , Xu Xinpeng , You Hua , Ge Jinjin , Wu Qifeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

BackgroundThe prevalence of abnormal weight is on the rise, presenting serious health risks and socioeconomic problems. Nonetheless, there is a lack of consensus on the medical cost savings that can be attained through the mitigation of abnormal weight. The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of abnormal weight on health care costs in China.MethodsThe study employed a 5-wave panel data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) between 2012 and 2020 (8,847 participants in each wave). Inpatient, non-inpatient and total healthcare costs were outcome variables. Abnormal weight is categorized based on body mass index (BMI).Initially, the two-part model was employed to investigate the impact of overweight/obesity and underweight on healthcare utilisation and costs, respectively. Subsequently, the estimated results were utilised to calculate the overweight/obesity attributable fraction (OAF) and the underweight attributable fraction (UAF).Results In 2020,the total national healthcare cost of the overweight and obese population was estimated to be $189.99 billion and $ 62.54 billion, and the underweight population was $37.32 billion. In comparison to people of normal weight, individuals who were overweight/obese (OR=1.072, p<0.05) and underweight (OR=1.143, p<0.1) were more likely to utilise healthcare services. Overweight/obesity attributable fraction (OAF) was 3.16% of total healthcare costs and 2.80% of non-inpatient costs. Underweight attributable faction (UAF) was 2.10% of total healthcare costs and 1.92% of non-inpatient costs. Both overweight/obese and underweight increased the likelihood of hospitalisation, although neither of them had a statistically significant impact on inpatient costs (p>0.1).ConclusionsAbnormal weight imposes a huge economic burden on individuals, households and the society. Abnormal weight in Chinese adults significantly increased healthcare utilisation and costs, particular in non-inpatient care. It is recommended that government and relevant social agencies provide a better social environment to enhance individual self-perception and promote healthy weight.
Wrinkling control and microstructure of 7075 aluminum alloy hemispherical shell in gradient ultra-low temperature forming
Authors: Fan Xiaobo , Qiao Ke , Chen Xianshuo , Yuan Shijian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gradient ultra-low temperature forming is a novel process for improving the forming limit of aluminum alloy thin-walled components. It is still very critical to prevent the wrinkling defect through blank-holding. The effects of draw bead and blank-holder force on the wrinkling behaviors in gradient ultra-low temperature forming for a 7075 aluminum alloy hemispherical shell were thus experimentally studied. The wrinkling controlling mechanism was revealed through stress and strain analyzing. The required blank-holder force to prevent wrinkling can be reduced significantly through the setting of draw bead. The blank-holder force of 120 kN can be used to form the sound hemispherical specimen with 200 mm in diameter, being 31.5% of that without draw bead. This benefits from the decreasing hoop compressive stress in unsupported region, which reduced to 165 MPa from 516 MPa. The hemispherical shell formed in gradient ultra-low temperature forming was twice higher than that at room temperature. And the thickness deviation is only 7.2%. Moreover, the reason for the enhanced formability was revealed by microstructure observation. The uniform distributed high-density dislocation at the ultra-low temperature significantly improves the strain-hardening ability so that the deformation can be withstood and transferred. This can avoid the splitting of the unsupported region while setting the draw bead to prevent wrinkling. It is very beneficial to greatly reduce the tonnage requirement, especially for the large-sized thin-walled components, which expands the application range of gradient ultra-low temperature forming.
Treatment of children with refractory/relapse high risk Langerhans cell histiocytosis with the combination of cytarabine, vindesine and prednisone
Authors: Wang Wenqian , Ge Jian , Ma Honghao , Lian Hongyun , Cui Lei , Zhao Yunze , Li Zhigang , Wang Tianyou , Zhang Rui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The patients with multisystem and risk organ involvement Langerhans cell histiocytosis (MS-RO+ LCH) have poor prognosis. The patients with MS-RO+ LCH who failed front-line therapy have a high mortality rate and the standard salvage treatment has not been established. The combination of cytarabine (Ara-c), vincristine (VCR) and prednisone might be effective in refractory/relapse MS-RO+ LCH, with low toxicity.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed pediatric refractory/relapse MS-RO+ LCH patients treated with the low-dose Ara-c (100mg/m2/d×5days) or high-dose Ara-c (500mg/m2/d×5days) combined with vindesine (VDS) and prednisone in a single center. The efficacy, long term outcomes and adverse events were analyzed.
Results: From January 2013 to December 2016, 13 patients receiving the low-dose Ara-c chemotherapy (LAC) and 7 patients receiving the high-dose Ara-c chemotherapy (HAC) were enrolled in the study. 11 (84.64%) of the 13 patients treated with the LAC regimen and 6 (85.71%) of the 7 patients treated with the HAC regimen had response after four courses of the therapy. All patients in the study were alive during follow-up, and the 5-year event-free survival rate (EFS) was 42.98% and 85.71% in the LAC and HAC groups. The most frequent adverse event was Grade 1/2 myelosuppression, which was observed in 38.46% (5/13) and 42.86% (3/7) of patients who received the LAC and HAC regimen.
Conclusions: A combination of Ara-c, VDS and prednisone might be effective as a salvage treatment in some patients with refractory/relapse MS-RO+ LCH , with low toxicity and 5-year overall survival rate of 100%. The high-dose Ara-c regimen was associated with numerically higher EFS rate.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of the deformation shape in press-braking bending considering surface residual stresses induced by milling operation
Authors: Zhang Min , Li Dongming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Press-braking bending is usually performed after face milling to obtain the specified curvature of variety mechanical parts, which is widely applied in the aircraft manufacturing. The surface layer residual stress on workpiece caused by milling has an important influence on subsequent forming. The influences of surface residual stress caused by milling operation on press-braking bending has been investigated analytically and experimentally in this study. The analytical model for springback prediction based on plane strain assumption is proposed using the material model of Mises yield criterion and Swift exponential hardening law, and takes into account of the effects of milling-induced residual stress. Three levels of residual stress are introduced in the test plates through milling operation with different cutting speed. The analytical results are compared with the bending experiments of 7050-T7451 Al-alloy plates. Results show that the accuracy of the contour obtained by the proposed model is improved when surface residual stress is considered. Furthermore, the influence of surface residual stress on springback is discussed. It is revealed that surface tensile residual stress increases springback and surface compressive residual stress contributes positively to the final shape of bent specimens.
The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Meng Shilong , Tong Minghao , Yu Yang , Tang Binbin , Cao Yanguang , Shi Xiaolin , Liu Kang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteoporotic fracture is a common skeletal disease in the elderly, characterized by high mortality and disability, high medical costs, and social burden. A timely understanding of the prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly can provide a corresponding reference basis for prevention and treatment. However, there is no meta-analysis to study the prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly (≥ 60 years old) in Chinese. So we plan to systematically evaluate the prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in the Chinese elderly.
Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, and VIP databases about relevant studies on the prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly in China. After screening and evaluating the quality of the literature, relevant data were extracted for statistical analysis. The source of heterogeneity and the comparison of prevalence between different groups were confirmed through subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis.
Results
The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly was 18.9% [95%CI (16.5%, 21.4%)]. Subgroup analysis results: The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures was 14.3% [95%CI (10.1%, 18.5%)] in men and 18.5% [95% CI (14.8%, 22.3%)] in women. The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures was 15.9% [95% CI (12.2%, 19.6%)] in 60–69 years old, 25.0% [95%CI (19.6%, 30.5%)] in 70–79 years old, and 35.6% [95% CI (27.9%, 43.4%) ] in ≥ 80 years old. The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures was 18.9% [95% CI (15.9%, 21.8%)] in the southern region and 20.3% [95% CI (12.2%, 28.3%)] in the northern part. The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in Chinese elderly was 13.2% [95% CI (10.4%, 16.1%)] from 2000 to 2010 and 22.7% [95% CI (18.7%, 26.6%)] from 2012 to 2022. The prevalence of osteoporotic hip fracture in older people was 4.5% [95% CI (3.3%, 5.7%)]. Distal forearm osteoporotic fracture was 3.0% [95% CI (2.2%, 3.7%)]. The prevalence of osteoporotic spinal fractures was 11.6% [95% CI (9.8%, 13.4%)].
Conclusion
The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in the Chinese elderly is 18.9%, and timely prevention and treatment are necessary.
Trial registration: The ID number registered on Prospero is CRD42023383566.
Evidence of corallivorous Drupella cornus breeding on the higher latitude reefs of Rottnest Island (32° S), Western Australia.
Authors: Haslam Veera Maria , Bessey Cindy , Chaplin Jennifer A , Keulen Mike van 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With increasing seawater temperatures, higher latitude temperate and sub-tropical reefs are becoming increasingly tropicalised. Although these cooler areas might offer refuge to tropical species escaping the heat, the reshaping of ecosystems can have devastating effects on the biodiversity in these areas, especially when habitat structure is affected. Recently, feeding aggregations of corallivorous gastropod Drupella cornus, a tropical species capable of large-scale reef degradation, were found at Rottnest Island in Western Australia (32 °S). We provide evidence that D. cornus spawned at Rottnest Island for two consecutive years in 2020–2022. Drupella veligers are also shown to hatch and develop successfully at lower temperatures (17.5–23.2°C) in the laboratory, showing high plasticity in the early life stages of D. cornus. The spawning was possibly triggered by higher than usual La Niña-associated SSTs during the survey period, or the long period of high sea water temperature anomalies recorded around Rottnest Island. A spawning population of D. cornus can greatly affect these higher-latitude reef areas, especially when accompanied by increased heat stress. Monitoring and management should be implemented to further understand what effects a breeding, and potentially self-sustaining population of D. cornus has on Rottnest Island.
Decay-in-time of solutions for the compressible isentropic non-Newtonian fluids
Authors: Wang Jialiang , Jiang Han 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Motivated by the well-posedness result of non-Newtonian fluids in [Guo-Zhu, J. Differential Equations , 178 (2002), 281-297] and the large behavior result of Navier-Stokes system in [Li-Zhang, Math. Meth. Appl. Sci, 34 (2011), 670-682], we investigate the decay-in-time of solutions for a three-dimensional compressible non-Newtonian fluid. In this paper, we consider the large time behavior of solutions to the Cauchy problem for three-dimensional compressible isentropic non-Newtonian equations.
Biallelic variants of the first Kunitz domain of SPINT2 cause none syndromic form of congenital diarrhea and tufting enteropathy
Authors: Rawahi Yusriya Al , Sunaidi Omar Al , Al-Masqari Mohammed , Jamei Adawiya Al , Rahmatalla Dafalla , Al-Maawali Almundher 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Biallelic SPINT2 pathogenic variants cause a syndromic form of congenital diarrhea and enteropathy (OMIM 270420). To date, all 34 patients reported presented with additional extra-intestinal syndromic features. We report on a 5-year-old girl who presented early in life with congenital diarrhea and was found to have a novel homozygous variant in SPINT2. She presented with congenital diarrhea, pathological studies confirmed tufting enteropathy, and at the age of 5 years, she did not develop any extra-intestinal syndromic features. The variant (NM_021102.4: c.203A > G (p. [Tyr68Cys]) detected in homozygosity status is the first missense mutation reported in the 1st Kunitz domain (KD1) of SPINT2 in humans. Previously in-vitro functional studies of this variant confirmed the deleterious effect leading to complete loss of inhibitory activity of the intestinal serine proteases. Furthermore, this is the first description of SPINT2-related diarrhea in a patient who lived without the need for long-term total parenteral nutrition. This study expands the clinical and molecular characteristics of SPINT-related conditions.
Glutamic Acid Intake by Formula-Fed Infants: Are Acceptable Daily Intakes Feasible?
Authors: Mennella Julie A. , Smethers Alissa D. , Delahanty Michelle T. , Stallings Virginia A. , Trabulsi Jillian C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose. The 2017 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendation of an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 30 mg glutamic acid/kg bw/d did not take into consideration the primary energy sources during infancy, including infant formulas. In the present study, we determined total daily intakes of glutamic acid in a contemporary cohort of healthy infants who were fed either cow milk formula (CMF) or extensive protein hydrolysate formulas (EHF); the formulas differed in glutamic acid content (262.4 mg/100ml, CMF; 436.2 mg/100ml, EHF). Methods. The infants (n = 141) were randomized to be fed either CMF or EHF. Daily intakes were determined from weighed bottle methods and/or prospective diet records, and body weights and lengths were measured on 15 occasions from 0.5 to 12.5 months. The trial was registered on http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ as trial registration number NCT01700205 on 3 October 2012. Results. Glutamic acid intake from formula and other foods was significantly higher in infants fed EHF when compared to CMF. As glutamic acid intake from formula decreased, intake from other nutritional sources steadily increased from 5.5 months. Regardless of formula type, every infant exceeded the ADI of 30 mg/kg bw/d from 0.5 to 12.5 months. Conclusions. Faced with the knowledge that the EFSA health-based guidance value (ADI) was not based on actual intake data and did not account for the primary energy sources during infancy, EFSA may reconsider the scientific literature on growing children’s intakes from human milk, infant formula, and the complementary diet to provide parents and health care providers with revised guidelines.
Factors associated with non-participation in breast cancer screening: Analysis of the 2016 and 2019 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan
Authors: Kawamura Chitose , Iwagami Masao , Sun Yu , Komiyama Jun , Ito Tomoko , Sugiyama Takehiro , Bando Hiroko , Tamiya Nanako 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The participation rate for breast cancer screening remains to be suboptimal in Japan. Therefore, it is important to identify factors associated with non-participation and to identify people at high risk for non-participation.
Methods
We carried out a cross-sectional study using the data of women aged 40–74 years from the 2016 and 2019 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions. We selected candidate predictor variables from the survey sheets and conducted a multivariable logistic regression for non-participation in breast cancer screening for the past 2 years. In addition, using data from 2016, we created an integer risk score for non-participation and tested its predictive performance in 2019.
Results
The proportion of participants in breast cancer screening in 2016 and 2019 were 46.7% (50,177/107,513) and 48.7% (49,498/101,716), respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, age over 50 years, single/divorced/widowed, lower education level, lower household expenditure, being insured for National Health Insurance, employed to small/middle scale company, non-regularly employed, current smoker, never/quit drinking or middle/high-risk drinking, lower self-rated health status, higher Kessler Psychological Distress Scale score, non-participation in the annual health checkups for diseases other than cancer, not constantly visiting hospitals/clinics showed a positive association with non-participation. The 9-item risk score (age, marital status, education, health insurance plan, employment, smoking, drinking, non-participation in the annual health checkups for diseases other than cancer, and not constantly visiting hospitals/clinics) and 3-item risk score (age, health insurance plan, non-participation in the annual health checkups for diseases other than cancer) showed the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.744 and 0.720, respectively.
Conclusion
We identified factors associated with non-participation in breast cancer screening. The simple risk score would be useful for public health sectors to identify people at risk for non-participation.
A Fine Pore-preserved Deep Neural Network for Porosity Analytics of a High Burnup U-10Zr Metallic Fuel
Authors: Wang Haotian , Xu Fei , Cai Lu , Salvato Daniele , Lemma Fidelma Giulia , Capriotti Luca , Yao Tiankai , Xian Min 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
U-10 wt.% Zr (U-10Zr) metallic fuel is the leading candidate for next-generation sodium-cooled fast reactors. Porosity is one of the most important factors that impacts the performance of U-10Zr metallic fuel. The pores generated by the fission gas accumulation can lead to changes in thermal conductivity, fuel swelling, Fuel-Cladding Chemical Interaction (FCCI) and Fuel-Cladding Mechanical Interaction (FCMI). Therefore, it is crucial to accurately segment and analyze porosity to understand the U-10Zr fuel system to design future fast reactors. To address the above issues, we introduce a data processing workflow to produce multi-source Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image data. Moreover, an encoder-decoder-based, deep fully convolutional network is proposed to segment pores accurately by integrating the residual unit and the densely connected units. Two SEM 250× field of view image datasets with different formats are utilized to evaluate the new proposed model’s performance. Sufficient comparison results demonstrate that our method quantitatively outperforms two popular deep fully convolutional networks. Furthermore, we conducted experiments on the third SEM 2500 × field of view image dataset, and the transfer learning results show the potential capability to transfer the knowledge from low-magnification images to high-magnification images. Finally, we use a pre-trained network to predict SEM images in the whole cross-sectional image and obtain quantitative porosity analysis. Our findings will guide the SEM microscopy data collection efficiently, provide a mechanistic understanding of the U-10Zr fuel system and bridge the gap between advanced characterization to fuel system design.