bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors attributed to violent behaviour by primary caregivers toward their relative with schizophrenia
Authors: Stambouli M. , Fekih Romdhane F. , Ghrissi F. , Cherif W. , Cheour M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThere is a modest but consistent association between violent behavior and schizophrenia. Persons with schizophrenia are at a modestly increased risk of committing violence ,with approximately half of victims being relativesObjectivesOur study examined the factors attributed to violent behaviour within the relationship patient-caregiver in schizophrenia according to caregivers.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia during the period from June to August 2022.Patients who attended our department of psychiatry at the Razi.The questionnaire was divided into three sections. The first section contained items regarding patient- and caregiver-related information.In the second section, caregivers were asked questions about their experience of violence perpetration and victimization involving their relative with schizophrenia in the past 12 months.Beyond frequency, caregivers were also asked to specify, the causes of the violence perpetrated and sufferedThe third section contained two measures, i.e. the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) and the abridged version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), assessing psychological distress and caregiving burden, respectively. The protocol of the study was approved by the ethics committee of the Razi Psychiatric Hospital.ResultsThe majority of caregivers were females (63.6%), and consisted of patients’ parents (50.9%).The most endorsed causes of violence victimization were symptoms of illness (57.3%), followed by refusal to adhere to treatment (49.1%), drug reaction (23.6%), and negative events; while the most reported causes of violence perpetration were refusal to adhere to treatment (42.7%), Symptoms of illness (37.3%), and limitation of patients’ activities and/or liberty (32.7%).Bivariate analysis showed that lower patients’ economic status (p=.042), tobacco (p=.015) and alcohol use (p=.014) as well as taking Trihexyphenidyl (p=.001) were significantly and positively associated with violence perpetration by caregivers against their relatives with schizophrenia.Multivariable analysis (Logistic regression) revealed that caregivers’ levels of burden remained significantly associated with violence victimization occurrence (p=.026; OR=1.48), while only having other person in charge of caring represented a significant factor associated with perpetration of any form of violence against patients (p=.007; OR=.17).ConclusionsIt is important for medical staffs to provide caregivers with professional knowledge about patients’ real motivation for violence in order to improve their skills of problem-solving.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Clinical presentation of late-onset psychosis (LOP) and differential diagnosis with dementia: a case report
Authors: Oller S. , Esteve Vila R. , Pérez Machado M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionLate-onset psychosis appears in people over the age of 40. Some preliminary studies show that LOP has fewer severe positive symptoms, more systematic persecutory delusions, more bizarre-type delusions, less affective flattening, and more social withdrawal than early onset psychosis.There are some studies that consider late-onset and very late-onset psychosis as prodromes of neurodegenerative disease. There are some differences in neuropsychological profiles and specific cognitive function alterations discovered. More evidence, however, is required to make an accurate diagnosis.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to reflect the difficulties in differentiating between late-onset psychosis and dementia by reporting the case of a 77-year-old woman who presented with mystical-religious delusions and hallucinations during her hospitalization.MethodsWe present the case of a 77-year-old woman who was hospitalized because of a stroke. During her stay, she began receiving follow-up from the mental health team because she verbalized some mystical-religious delusional ideas. During the psychiatric interview, the patient verbalized mystical-religious ideas and oscillated between coherent, organized, and disaggregated speech. No problems were detected with orientation, or florid affective symptoms that could point to a delirium or affective disorder. The premorbid personality was extravagant, with interpersonal difficulties and magical thinking. Nonetheless, she had no prior contact with the mental health system or hospitalization. We could approximate the beginning of the symptomatology at around 60 years old, thanks to her relatives. Prior to this age, she maintained good function by working as a chef on a regular basis. She gradually isolated herself due to her lack of mobility. Similarly, she decreases her self-care activities, begins hoarding items around the house, and gradually develops more psychotic symptoms.A brain scan was performed, and no acute pathology was found. A neuropsychological test was not executed due to a lack of collaboration from the patient.Results-ConclusionsThis case reflects the complexity of differentiating between dementia and late-onset psychosis. Supplementary testing and follow-up are essential for establishing a diagnosis. Related to that, more research is needed to identify the differential characteristics between the two disorders and the temporal correlation between them.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Early detection and intervention of psychosis in children and adolescents in Zurich, Switzerland: Clinical Data from 2017-2022
Authors: Franscini M. , Traber-Walker N. , Probst F. , Gerstenberg M. , Walitza S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe construct of a clinical high-risk (CHR) state of psychosis has been established to describe potentially prodromal symptoms which typically appear during adolescence and young adulthood. This is a very sensitive developmental period and the clinical high risk (CHR) is associated with increased functional impairment. To address the specialities in the care for this patient population a specialized outpatient care unit for early intervention in psychosis at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, of the University Zürich (CAPS) is established. The interdisciplinary team (psychiatrists and psychologists) supports children and adolescents with psychotic disorders or at clinical high risk for developing psychosis. The early intervention service offers specialized assessment, treatment and case management for minors with a first psychosis or CHR-state in an outpatient or inpatient setting as well as by day clinic care.ObjectivesThe evaluation main objective was to get a better understanding about this vulnerable patient group. Therefore we analysed the clinical data about CHR-state, comorbid diagnosis, treatment, medication and hospitalisation of the patients who entered the service for early intervention in psychosis.MethodsParticipants who entered the service for early intervention in psychosis were followed up in the years 2017-2021 and descriptive analysis was used to summarize the data. For the evaluation of the risk construct the participants have been classified in “no increased risk”, “CHR” or “early onset psychosis” (EOP). Additionally, ICD diagnosis, demographics and treatment (medication, psychotherapy, treatment setting) were assessed. Therapy was either psychotherapy and/or group training called DBT2P (Dialectical behavioral group training for adolescents, to prevent psychiatric disorders). Additionally, the use of a smartphone application “Robin Z”(add-on treatment tool to support the patients between the sessions) was assessed.ResultsIn the last five years we saw 300 patients (112 female, mean age 15.7) who sought the care unit for early intervention. The evaluation of the risk showed that 44 patients had no increased risk, 205 were classified with a CHR and 51 fulfilled the criteria of an early onset psychosis (18.5%). Most of the patients showed comorbid diagnosis, mainly depressive disorders (42%). The data about the treatment will be analyzed for the congress.ConclusionsDespite clinical implications, there is little data about early detection and early intervention in psychosis for children and adolescent. Therefore, the evaluation of the clinical data of the CAPS is of clinical importance and expected to add essential information in the fields of prevention and early intervention in psychosis.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Moroccan suicidal schizophrenics: Case study in arrazi hospital of sale
Authors: El Moussaoui N. , Bahetta S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a severe, common, chronic mental disorder with a prolonged and disabling course, having a high social impact.Mortality is two to three times higher in schizophrenic patients than in the general population.Suicide is the main cause of death in patients with schizophrenia. In spite of great efforts in preventing such deaths, suicide rates have remained alarmingly high, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the phenomenon.ObjectivesThe objective of this work is to determine the prevalence of suicide in schizophrenic patients, to investigate the main risk factors in these patients and the characteristics of suicide and the therapeutic management of the patients.MethodsThis is a retrospective study on medical records about 43 patients (32 men / 11 women) who were admitted to the Arrazi Hospital in Salé, from september 2021 to september 2022, using an operating form grouping socio-demographic criteria of the patients, personal and family history, characteristics of the suicide attempt and management.ResultsIn this study, 75% were male and 25% were female with an average age of 34.5 years. The existence of a personal history of suicidal ideation, plans and attempts is a major risk factor for suicide. The lethality of the means used reflects a higher degree of suicidal intentionality. Clozapine, in particular, plays a protective role by reducing the rate of suicides and suicide attempts.ConclusionsDespite therapeutic progress, the prevalence of suicide among patients suffering from schizophrenia is still high.The prevention of suicide in these patients remains fundamental, as does the reduction of positive or negative symptoms, the improvement of quality of life, the reduction of the handicap caused by this illness and the fight against the stigmatization of patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Suicidal risk in Latino patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Olive O. , Ontiveros J. A. , Perez A. A. , Serna M. F. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a highly debilitating disorder afflicting more than 24 million individuals worldwide. In Mexico, the Ministry of Health estimates that it affects more than 1 million people. Suicide is one of the main causes of death among people diagnosed with schizophrenia, their risk is 12 times higher than in. the general populationObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical characteristics of schizophrenic patients at risk of suicide in the Latino population.MethodsWe included 130 patients recruited from genetics studies in Latino patients with schizophrenia from the outpatient and inpatient psychiatric ward of the University Hospital “Dr José E. González” in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the Convergent Functional Information for Suicidality (CFI-S) were applied to all participants. We compared the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with suicidal risk (measured by history of suicidal attempt or current suicidal risk) and present depressive episode.ResultsOf the 130 participants, 66.9% were male, the median age was 38 years. We found 11(14.3%) patients with suicidal risk and 119 (91.5%) without suicidal risk. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the study population at risk of suicide are described in graphic 1. Patients with a history of suicide attempt scored higher on the CFI-S scale with a median of 0.5 (q1=0.45; q3=0.54) vs. 0.31 (q1=0.22; q3=0.45) (p= 0.004)(Graphic 2). Based on the BDI-II we found 2.30% patients showed a mild depression, 20.0% moderate depression and 4.61% severe depression (graphic 3). Schizophrenic patients with a previous suicide attempt and depressive episode had higher score range in CFI-S, median .65 (q1=.65; q2=.59, p=0.000). Also, 63.60% were severely depressive (p=0.000) when they compared with patients with low risk of suicide. Schizophrenic patients with suicidal risk were characterized by: age >=60 years old, unemployment, no children, single, without religion, family history of suicide, previous suicide attempt, depressive episodes, substance abuse, auditory hallucinations and referential delusions.Image:Image 2:Image 3:ConclusionsIn our study with Latino population, we observed similar clinical characteristics predictive of suicide risk described in the international studies. Our study is relevant to applied preventive measures in groups of schizophrenic patients with risk factors and their relatives.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of substance misuse in patients with first-episode psychosis: a retrospective study
Authors: Moreira R. A. , Gomes H. J. , Correia J. P. , Maldonado E. , Justo J. M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSubstance misuse increases the risk of developing psychosis in vulnerable people. However, patients with substance use disorders’ attributes and their effect on first-episode psychosis (FEP) are still unclear.ObjectivesTo describe and compare inpatient admissions for FEP with substance misuse and its impact on clinical outcomes.MethodsWe conducted an observational and retrospective study, analyzing sociodemographic determinants and clinical data regarding the patients hospitalized for FEP, between January 2019 and June 2022, in the psychiatric unit at our hospital in Bragança, Portugal. We used logistic regression to estimate the effect of social determinants and other clinical data regarding the patients hospitalized for FEP with substance abuse.ResultsWe included 78 patients in this study. Of these patients, 30% (n=23) reported substance (drugs or alcohol) misuse prior to hospital admission. Regarding only the patients with substance misuse, 96% were male and the median age was 31 years. Cannabis was the most often reported substance of abuse (83%). Most of these patients were unmarried (OR:10.794; 95%CI:2.855-40.805;P=0.001), lived in a rural setting (OR:0.263; 95%CI:0.094-0.731;P=0.009) and had no previous psychiatric history (OR:1.022; 95%CI:0.386-2.709;P=0.964).Regarding hospital admission, 70% were involuntary admitted (OR:4;95%CI:1.408-11.366;P=0.007) and the median time of hospitalization was 17 days. At the time of discharge, 48% of these set of patients still didn’t have insight into their mental illness (OR:1.737;95%CI:0.646-4.679;P=0.272). During the evaluation period of this study, 13% of the patients were readmitted to the hospital (OR:1.029;95%CI:0.241-4.383;P=0.970) and 35% missed outpatient appointments (OR:3.133;95%CI:1.003-9.791;P=0.044). The diagnoses at the time of discharge were: substance-induced psychosis (52%), schizophrenia (22%), affective psychosis (17%), and acute and transient psychotic disorder (9%).ConclusionsThis analysis indicates substance misuse predates and is prevalent in FEP. Many of these patients fail to recognize and accept that they are suffering from a mental illness and drop out of outpatient psychiatric care. Further, substance-induced psychoses are associated with a significant risk for transition to schizophrenia particularly following cannabis-induced psychosis. Thus, it is crucial to optimize adherence to the therapeutic regimen and outpatient follow-up.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
FAMILY-CENTERED COLLABORATIVE CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MENTAL ILLNESS: A NARRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Dehbozorgi R. , Fereidooni-Moghadam M. , Shahriari M. , Moghimi-Sarani E. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionChronic mental illnesses are long-lasting and recurring, require continuous care as well as an integrated and collaborative approach to organize the care. This study sought to examine whether family center collaborative care is an acceptable treatment option for individuals with chronic mental illness.ObjectivesIs the family-centered collaborative care suitable for patients with chronic mental illness?MethodsFrom the years 2000 to 2021, ten electronic databases relating to family-centered collaborative care for mental illness were searched adopting PRISMA’s checklistResultsAfter systematic search, 27 articles and a thesis were found. According to moderate to high quality qualitative research, family-centered collaborative care was considered acceptable intervention, though a few studies supporting it.ConclusionsThis study examines theoretical, methodological, and practical considerations as a basis for more robust data collection based on individual experiences and evidence-based practice.Reference(s)1.Wittchen, H.-U., et al., The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. European neuropsychopharmacology, 2011. 21(9): p. 655-679.2.CUTLER, J.L., Kaplan and Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry. 2016, LWW.3.Thornicroft, G., et al., The personal impact of schizophrenia in Europe. Schizophrenia research, 2004. 69(2-3): p. 125-132.4.Vigo, D., G. Thornicroft, and R. Atun, Estimating the true global burden of mental illness. The Lancet Psychiatry, 2016. 3(2): p. 171-178.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids as supportive therapy in the treatment and prevention of psychotic disorders
Authors: Sitarz R. , Juchnowicz D. , Karakuła K. , Forma A. , Baj J. , Rog J. , Karpiński R. , Machrowska A. , Karakuła-Juchnowicz H. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionProper nutrition with fats has a protective effect on the functioning of the nervous system. However, a disturbed ratio of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids supply is nowadays a common phenomenon. A diet overloaded with saturated fats and a shortage of those essential ones in the company with possibly some unfavorable genetic endowment could lead to the release of psychosis from the framework of diet defined by nature for thousands of years.ObjectivesThe study aims to review the literature to assess the influence of supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids in the occurrence of psychotic disorders prevention, as well as their impact on remission prolongation.MethodsLiterature review in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science using the keywords [psychosis] OR [psychotic] OR [schizophrenia] OR [unipolar] OR [bipolar] OR [schizoaffective] OR [depression] OR [manic] OR [hypomanic] OR [mania] OR [hypomania] OR [first episode psychosis] OR [ultra-high risk] OR [UHR] AND [polyunsaturated fatty acids] OR [PUFA] OR [prostaglandin] OR [phospholipid] OR [phospholipase A2] OR [arachidonic acid] OR [linoleic acid] OR [alpha-linolenic acid] OR [omega-3] OR [omega-6] OR [nutrition] OR [diet]. The review included original articles, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and case reports from 1977-2022 in Polish and English.Results86 articles devoted to diet and nutrition in psychotic disorders were analyzed. Patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and schizoaffective disorders exhibit deficiencies in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Such results may indicate compliance with David Horrobin’s theory of the psychotic disorders development in predisposed individuals.ConclusionsSupplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids may be a chance for a selected group of patients to prolong remission but also hope to prevent the occurrence of psychotic disorders in particularly vulnerable individuals.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Course of untreated depression in people with tuberculosis in Ethiopia: a cohort study
Authors: Getahun F. A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCo-morbid depression is common in people with tuberculosis (TB) but little is known about the course over time.ObjectivesOur objectives were to determine the level of remission and factors associated with failure to remit in depressive symptom scores in people with TB undergoing treatment in primary care facilities in Ethiopia.MethodsWe assessed 648 people with newly diagnosed TB for depressive symptoms using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) at the time of starting anti-TB medication, and again at two and six months. Remission was defined as more than 50% reduction in baseline depressive symptom scores. We analyzed factors associated with failure of depressive symptom score to remit at the end of the follow up using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression by taking individuals as nested within 14 health institutions. Adjustment was made for socio-demographic characteristics, baseline depression score, stigma, type of TB, outcome of TB treatment, perceived severity of TB, substance use, perceived social support, substance use, and HIV status.ResultsCompared to the baseline, the mean PHQ-9 scores declined at two months (Hedge’s G: 0.82; 95%CI: 0.71, 0.94) and six months (Hedge’s G: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.08, 1.33). However, depressive symptom scores failed to remit in 176 (33.1%) of the 532 people with TB who completed the follow up. . Stigma (AOR: 2.23; 95%CI: 1.09, 4.55), older age (AOR: 2.2; 95%CI: 1.13, 4.29), and treatment completion without a bacteriological proof of cure (treatment complete as compared to treatment cure) (AOR: 2.47; 95%CI: 1.37, 4.48) were independent predictors of failure of depressive symptom score to remit. Surprisingly, baseline lower depressive symptom score was more persistent than higher baseline depressive symptom score (AOR: 2.93; 95%CI: 1.56, 5.47).ConclusionsIn one-third of people with newly diagnosed TB, baseline depressive symptom scores did not remit after full course of TB treatment. TB treatment guidelines require in-built mental health component. Studies are required to understand course of depression beyond six months and effective interventions in this population.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared