bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quark-antiquark states of the lightest scalar mesons within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with flavor-dependent coupling constants
Authors: Braghin Fabio L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The quark-antiquark components of the U(3) lightest scalar meson nonet are investigated by considering the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with flavor-dependent coupling constants that were derived by considering (non-perturbative) gluon exchange. The strange quark effective mass (

M

s

*

) is varied such that the strangeness content of these scalar mesons can be analyzed further. The neutral states S
0, S
8, and S
3 are adopted as the most relevant quark-antiquark components, respectively, of the σ(500), f
0(980) and

A

0

0

(
980
)

mesons. As a result, the mass hierarchy between states S
0 and S
8, and

K

0

*

(
700
)
−

A

0

(
980
)

mesons, can be, respectively, inverted and corrected for quite low values of the strange quark constituent mass. In addition, for some particular values of

M

s

*

, the masses of σ(500) and f
0(980) can also be obtained by considering the mixing coupling constant G
08. However, the masses of all the nine mesons are not described simultaneously in a self-consistent procedure and this goes along with the need of non-quark-antiquark states to completely describe their masses. A neutral-meson mixing matrix is defined and the leading mixing angle is found by fitting a correct value of the σ(500) − f
0(980) mass difference. Two different estimates for the strengths of the mixings

A

0

0

→

f

0

and

f

0

→

A

0

0

are proposed, leading to somewhat different behaviors. First by assuming leading transitions to intermediary flavor eigenstates and second by considering a dynamical evolution. The results may be in good agreement with experimental values from BESS-III depending on the value of the strange quark effective mass.
BTCRSleep: a boundary temporal context refinement-based fully convolutional network for sleep staging with single-channel EEG
Authors: Zhao Caihong , Li Jinbao , Guo Yahong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective. Sleep staging studies on single-channel EEG mainly exploit deep learning methods that combine convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks. However, when typical brain waves (such as K-complexes or sleep spindles) that identify sleep stages span two epochs, the abstract process of a CNN extracting features from each sleep stage may cause the loss of boundary context information. This study attempts to capture the boundary context, which contains the characteristics of brain waves during sleep stage transition, to improve the performance of sleep staging. Approach. In this paper we propose a fully convolutional network with boundary temporal context refinement, called BTCRSleep (Boundary Temporal Context Refinement Sleep). The boundary temporal context refinement module refines the boundary information on sleep stages on the basis of extracting multi-scale temporal dependences between epochs and enhances the abstract capability of the boundary temporal context. In addition, we design a class-aware data augmentation method to effectively learn the boundary temporal context between the minority class and other sleep stages. Main results. We evaluate the performance of our proposed network using four public datasets: the 2013 version of Sleep-EDF Expanded (SEDF), the 2018 version of Sleep-EDF Expanded (SEDFX), the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS) and CAP Sleep Database (CAP). The evaluation results on the four datasets showed that our model obtains the best total accuracy and kappa score compared with state-of-the-art methods. On average, accuracies of 84.9% in SEDF, 82.9% in SEDFX, 85.2% in SHHS and 76.9% in CAP are obtained under subject-independent cross-validation. We demonstrate that the boundary temporal context contributes to the improvement in capturing the temporal dependences across different epochs.
Magnetic structure of α-U3O8: a DFT and experimental study
Authors: Lv Baijiang , Xia Yuanhua , Hu Shuanglin , Liu Benqiong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The magnetic ordering of α-U3O8 remains a puzzling question for a long time. Recent inelastic neutron scattering study exhibited magnetic peaks at (0.5,1,1) and (0.5,2,2) but without intensity at (0.5,0,0). The magnetic propagation vector could still be k = (0.5,0,0), as the probability that the magnetic moments are perpendicular to the reflection plane (0.5,0,0) leading to zero intensity should be not ruled out. Magnetic symmetry analysis leads to 4 distinct magnetic structures, and the first-principles calculations show that the possible ground state of U3O8 could be collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering (m∣∣a-axis). Only one paramagnetic-AFM phase transition at T
1 = 24 K in magnetization curves has been confirmed, which shifts to lower temperatures as the magnetic field increases. At T = 1.8 K, no hysteresis loop around zero field has been observed which could exclude ferromagnetic ground state in this compound. Neutron powder diffraction data have been collected at several temperatures (300, 40, 15 and 5 K), and the absence of visible magnetic reflections makes the unusual magnetic properties even more mysterious.
Effect of Neutrinos on Angular Momentum of Dark Matter Halo
Authors: Chen Yu , Lu Chang-Zhi , Lu Yu , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Tong-Jie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Massive neutrinos are expected to affect the large-scale structure formation, including the major component of solid substances, dark matter halos. How halos are influenced by neutrinos is vital and interesting, and angular momentum (AM) as a significant feature provides a statistical perspective for this issue. Exploring halos from TianNu N-body cosmological simulation with the co-evolving neutrino particles, we obtain some concrete conclusions. First, by comparing the same halos with and without neutrinos, in contrast to the neutrino-free case, over 89.71% of halos have smaller halo moduli, over 71.06% have smaller particle-mass-reduced (PMR) AM moduli, and over 95.44% change their orientations of less than 0.°65. Moreover, the relative variation of PMR modulus is more visible for low-mass halos. Second, to explore the PMR moduli of halos in dense or sparse areas, we divide the whole box into big cubes, and search for halos within a small spherical cell in a single cube. From the two-level divisions, we discover that in denser cubes, the variation of PMR moduli with massive neutrinos decreases more significantly. This distinction suggests that neutrinos exert heavier influence on halos’ moduli in compact regions. With massive neutrinos, most halos (86.60%) have lower masses than without neutrinos.
Existence of solutions for an optimal control problem in forestry management
Authors: Altamirano-Fernández A , Rojas-Palma A , Espinoza-Meza S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Physical, biological, and economic factors remain inexhaustible sources when determining silvicultural management strategies that maximize the net benefit of timber volume. The objective of this paper is to formulate an optimal control problem to maximize the net benefit of timber volume and to demonstrate the existence of optimal solutions to this problem. The optimal control theory will be used, through the formulation of a bioeconomic optimal control problem subjected to a system of three ordinary differential equations that describe the interactions between the living biomass, the intrinsic growth of the biomass, and the burned area. Four control variables are associated with these differential equations, which are reforestation, felling, thinning, and fire prevention. Assuming adequate conditions on the control variables, the existence of optimal solutions to the optimal control problem is obtained using Filippov’s theorem. In conclusion, the optimal control problem is well formulated and solutions exist. This will allow us to define forest management strategies that optimize the economic gain of the process, taking into consideration the physical, biological, and economic phenomena involved in the dynamics of forest plantations.
Characterization of variables for modeling agroclimatic and phytosanitary events in agricultural crops using deep learning models
Authors: Ramirez-Guerrero T , Hernández-Pérez M I , Tabares M S , Villanueva E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Digital transformation is increasingly present in the agricultural sector thanks to the development and availability of information technologies. However, the agricultural sector is one of the least digitized worldwide, including in countries with highly competitive and technologically advanced agricultural chains and processes. To optimize production using technological tools, it is necessary to combine variables associated with soil, climate, and plant type to estimate crop yields. Therefore, it is important to identify the physical variables that are of interest for the modeling of agroclimatic and phytosanitary events in agricultural crops. This study presents an exploratory type of documentary research to determine what variables are of interest for the modeling of agroclimatic and phytosanitary events in agricultural crops, using a critical analysis based on the results of related studies. Results show the characterization of (i) agroclimatic and biotic variables required to model the mentioned events, (ii) detection of physical evidence associated to biotic factors by means of the analysis of anomalies in the wavelengths of the spectral reflectance of the productive units, (iii) the computational model based on deep learning for the processing of these variables. Furthermore, a data pipeline is proposed that indicates the flow that the characterized variables must go through the analytical tasks.
Teaching mathematics in physics. a study of the mathematics programs of a Costa Rican university
Authors: Gaete-Peralta C , Fallas-Soto R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The objective of this research was to describe the mathematical contents that are part of the mathematics programs of a Physics course at a certain Costa Rican university. In order to respond to the proposed research objective, data were collected from the mathematics study programs of the bachelor’s degree in Physics at Universidad de Costa Rica, which were analyzed through a thematic analysis, braided with documentary analysis techniques, where the ATLAS.ti computational tool served as support to carry out such analysis. The results of this research allowed describing the mathematical contents studied in this career through ten topics. Based on these results, a discussion was held about modeling situations that can be implemented in mathematics courses of this major with the purpose of strengthening the link between mathematics and physics. Among the conclusions, the educational community is left with the task of incorporating different theoretical modeling perspectives into the mathematics programs of this career that will strengthen its link with physics.
Pneu-HTP based extrusion actuation in bio-inspired soft joint
Authors: Xu Ming , Ma Jin , Zhao Jindong , Zhang Yongfa , Zhang Di 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Inspired by the joint structure and actuation mechanism of spider legs, a novel pneumatic soft joint actuator is designed, which achieves joint rotation by mutual compression of two hyperelastic sidewalls under inflation pressure. For this type of extrusion actuation, a pneumatic hyperelastic thin plate (Pneu-HTP) based actuation modeling method is proposed. The two actuating surfaces extruded mutually of the actuator are considered as Pneu-HTPs, and mathematical models for their parallel extrusion actuation and angular extrusion actuation are derived. The finite element analysis (FEA) simulations and experiments were also performed to evaluate the model accuracy of the Pneu-HTP extrusion actuation. The results for the parallel extrusion actuation show that the average relative error between the proposed model and the experiment is only 9.27%, and the goodness-of-fit is greater than 99%. For the angular extrusion actuation, the average relative error between the model and the experiment is 12.5%, and the goodness-of-fit is greater than 99%. The parallel extrusion actuating force and rotational extrusion actuating force of the Pneu-HTP are also highly consistent with the FEA simulation results, which provides a promising method for the accurate modeling of extrusion actuation in soft actuator.
An investigation of seafloor and oceanographic characteristics in deep-water of north Labuan Bajo, Indonesia
Authors: Haryanto D , Nugroho D , Febriawan H K , Harahap R J , Fawaiz A , Wiguna T , Muhtadi A , Dannari A , Haryadi Y , Irfan M , N A B , Fauzi A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
On 12 December 1992, an earthquake, followed by a tsunami, occurred on Flores Islands, creating massive damage in the northern area and resulting in an early warning tsunami for the Labuan Bajo region. This area is a high-priority tourist designation in Indonesia with busy offshore activities and infrastructure development. Thus, earthquake and tsunami mitigation strategies are mandatory. Part of the mitigation effort is mapping the seafloor and characterizing oceanographic conditions in the deep-water north of this area. This paper describes the seafloor and oceanographic conditions using a multibeam echosounder (MBES) survey, conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) measurement, and current observation. Results show that the rough and complex seafloor topography is revealed in the study area. Seafloor topography consists of a steep slope on the nearshore, flat topography in the sublittoral and shelf, a steeper slope in the bathyal zone, and relatively flat in the abyssal zone found from the south to north in the area. In addition, physical oceanographic properties are observed in two locations with a maximum depth measurement of 3,029 m. The result indicates that the water column is divided into three layers based on gradient changes: surface layer, thermocline layer, and colder depth layer. Moreover, two single-point current measurements at the exact locations are carried out at water depths of 3,029 m and 1,880 m. Result also describes that both stations have current directions of 128.14° and 124.49°, with current magnitudes of 0.1693 m/s and 0.3724 m/s, respectively. This investigation could serve as primary data and information in the study area. Furthermore, it could support the government and other stakeholders related to the development of Labuan Bajo, e.g., infrastructure (submarine cable, port, etc.) and resilience program (e.g., tsunami early warning system) that region
Debris from plastic products in the beaches around Northern Ambon Island
Authors: Manullang C Y , Soamole A , Rehalat I , Barends W , Sudin A M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The exponential rise in plastic usage without adequate waste management has a detrimental effect on the ecosystem. This study estimated the density of plastic waste encountered, including: macroplastic (>25 mm); mesoplastic (5-25 mm) and microplastic (1-5 mm) in the coastal environments of northern Ambon Island. The samples were collected in April of 2018. Two quadrats were used for the sampling. On two beaches in northern Ambon Island, the average amount of marine plastic debris was 0.492 item.m−2 for macroplastic (>25 mm), 10.8 item.m−2 for mesoplastic (5-25 mm), and 29.8 item.m−2 for microplastic (1-5 mm). The dominance of plastic-type for macroplastics was a film that comes from food/beverage packaging and single-use plastic bags. Both coastlines were rated as moderate according by the the Clean Coast Index (CCI) evaluation for macroplastic, implying that a few pieces of trash can be spotted. We recommend more innovative waste management and implementing an effective pollution law system in Ambon Island. A routine beach clean-up activity at the lowest government level would be an excellent campaign to protect the coastal area.
Identification of Microdebris in Traditional Salts Processes from Sea Water in Woha-West Nusa Tenggara and Takalar Lama-South Sulawesi
Authors: Wahyuni N S , Rudianto R P , Sujarwadi R , Sinaga R Y H , Liza C , Zainuddin Z , Rusmana D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The process of making traditional salt generally uses sea water sources. The marine environment is currently a global concern due to the presence of microplastic contamination. Meanwhile, microplastics were also identified in table salt. In this work, sampling was carried out on the process of making traditional salt in the areas of Takalar Lama - South Sulawesi and Woha - West Nusa Tenggara which are famous for traditional salt making. Samples were taken starting from sea water as a source, saturated sea water and coarse salt. The identification of microdebris in salt was carried out using the filtering and drying method. Samples were observed using a digital microscope and continued with an FTIR microscope for microdebris identification. The amount of microdebris during the salt processed was more than in seawater sources. In Takalar Lama, there is one microdebris in the seawater source, after processing with the geomembrane there are 17 microdebris and without the geomembrane process there are 17 microdebris each in the form of fragments and fibers. Whereas in Woha, the seawater source contained 1 microdebris and the final product contained 7 microdebris.
Lipase-producing Marine Actinomycetes Having Potential to Degrade PET Film
Authors: Agustriana Eva , Rahmani Nanik , Rachmayati Rike , Nuryati  , Andriani Ade , Yulianti Siti Eka , Masruchin Nanang , Atikana Akhirta , Ratnakomala Shanti , Lisdiyanti Puspita , Yopi  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Currently, the study and the development of plastic degradation are receiving great attention since it could potentially be applied to plastic degradation. Owing to its environmentally benign nature, the enzymatic process of plastic degradation is highly desired. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the most common plastic materials. The degradation of PET was possible by the treatment of the three hydrolases, namely cutinase, lipase, and esterase. On the other hand, marine actinomycetes, which are commonly found to associate with other organisms such as a sponge or residing in a unique environment such as marine sediment, could be a great source of valuable metabolites and enzymes. For that reason, in this study, six isolates of marine actinomycetes showing lipase activity were tested for PET-film degradation. The PET-film degradation was performed by incubating the isolates in a liquid media supplemented with PET films for 14 days. The resulting PET films were then subjected to XRD, FTIR, and SEM analysis. Despite of the decrease in crystallinity of PET-film which was only observed in treatment with isolate BLC 17-1, the FTIR analysis revealed that all absorbances, which are related to PET functionalities, were reduced. Further analysis by SEM showed that the surface of PET films treated with isolates was damaged, indicating degradation of the films. According to the results, it is concluded that the six isolates of marine actinomycetes have the potential to be applied to PET-film degradation.
The characteristics of submarine landslide sediments in Eastern Indonesia with study case in Kai Archipelago Waters and Surrounding Area
Authors: Kurnio H , Tuakia M Z , Aryanto N C D , Pardiarto B , Tampubolon A , Kusnawan  , Widi B N , Widodo W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We review the characteristics of submarine landslide sediments as this phenomenon was observed during geological and geophysics systematic mapping in Eastern Indonesia especially surrounding Kai Archipelago using Geomarin 3 owned by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and operated by the Marine Geological Institute of Indonesia (MGI). In this survey was encountered seafloor sediment characteristics interpreted as submarine landslide products of a seismically active area. The landslide sediments were characterized by mixed up of gravel, sand, silt and clay fractions with percentages between 5.91 - 15.85, 60.1 - 72.68, 9.42 - 22.40 and 4.06 - 8.97 respectively. The seafloor where the landslide sediments were deposited is a slope with sea depths ranging from 200 up to 700 meters and spread offshore at the south, east and north of Kai Archipelago. Seismicity in this area is related to intense earthquakes that occurred in the subduction zone of the Banda Sea.
Reassessing smart city components: An overview of the dynamic nature of smart city concept
Authors: Sharma Charul , Sharma Sanjay Kumar , Gill Dharmendra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cities all over the world are in search for a sustainable solution to address the problems associated with urbanization. Holistic smart cities have a multidimensional point of view for future cities. This paper pools components of smart cities and deconstructs the complicated holistic smart cities. The pooled data comes from 29 studies, consisting of 23 performance evaluation schemes and 6 indicator sets that cover 15 countries plus 6 broad geographic regions. On the basis of recurrent themes amongst smart city components, we categorize the components into 9 sub categories and 3 main categories. The results verify that the 6 predetermined components namely, Economy, People, Environment, Mobility, Living and Governance are inalienable from the holistic approach. Novel and unique components that emerge from the study, such as Technology, Infrastructure, Energy, Pandemic Resiliency, Legal, Demography and Propagation substantiate the dynamic nature of the holistic perspective. We recommend that for accurate and better holistic evaluation of smart cities, evaluation schemes need to assimilate varied smart city components from the 3 main categories in a balanced manner. This adds value to the holistic approach and allows diversity and context specificity to thrive in smart city components making them holistic in the true sense. The study is beneficial for policymakers and researchers for holistic measurement of smart city performance.
Aiming towards creative city: how Surakarta City government applied the Sustainability-Oriented Innovation (SOI) as a strategy to empower local small and medium creative industries
Authors: Mukaromah H , Permana C T , Astuti W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Sustainability-oriented innovations (SOI), defines as an integration of ecological and social aspects into products, processes, and organizational structures of economic activities. For Small-Medium Scaled Enterprises (SMEs), which engage in small scaled products and limited capital assets as well as human resources capacity, the aim of achieving sustainability becomes a great challenge. According to many cases, SMEs have been only reached the co-production level of sustainability. In this regard, interactions with external actor, such as the government institutions, larger private sectors, and other SMEs are one of the keys of SMEs in attaining sustainability. The role of the government in exhalating SMEs as a part of creative economy environment in the city is important. The government set the creative city vision and then synergizes the SMEs, especially those engaged in creative industries, into the broader organizational structure in the city development. The government also empowers the main actors of SMEs both in techniques, managerial, and financial capacities. The research aims at learning towards the Government-led Sustainability-oriented Innovation strategies in SMEs as a means of promoting the creative city image of Surakarta. Our research was supplemented by interviews and FGDs to explore relevant data and information. The findings revealed that the SOI strategies provided by the city government to empower SMEs to help the achievement of creative city image in Surakarta were undertaken through the introduction of advance information and communication technologies, capacity building to improve community networking, capital accessibility, and product standards and certifications.