bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex Language Use in Children With Hearing Loss: A Scoping Review
Authors: Klieve Sharon , Eadie Patricia , Graham Lorraine , Leitão Suze 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Understanding what is known about the language profiles of children with hearing loss (CHL) is vital so that researchers and teachers can identify the specific complex syntactic structures that CHL may struggle to master. An understanding of which aspects of complex syntax pose difficulties for CHL is necessary to inform the kind of intervention that will facilitate learning complex syntax for this cohort of children. This scoping review aims to identify what is currently known about the complex syntax use of CHL who communicate through spoken language, and uncover gaps in the literature to guide further research.

Method:
Ascoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The Covidence software was utilized to manage the initial and full-text screening process for the search.

Results:
From a total of 304 studies, 42 studies were identified that met the eligibility criteria. The review highlights the use of broad-based language assessments and limited use of specific descriptions of the types of complex syntactic structures and skills.

Conclusions:
Findings highlight the need for assessment protocols and analysis methods that better support the description of complex syntax profiles for CHL. School-age CHL continue to display challenges with complex syntax development. The review highlighted the need for further research to improve understanding of the complex syntax strengths and vulnerabilities of CHL. Further investigation is needed to better understand their ability to combine ideas and build complexity in their language use, which in turn can inform teaching in schools and interventions for children who require support.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21980177
A capacitor voltage self‐balancing method of modular multilevel converters based on switching state matrix construction
Authors: Yiyuan Zhou , Liang Qin , Qing Wang , Xue Yu , Qingxin Pu , Shiqi Yang , Zhaoxun Liu , Kaipei Liu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study presents a submodule capacitor voltage self‐balancing method for modular multilevel converters (MMCs) based on switching state matrix construction, which has an advantage over eliminating massive sensor demanding and alleviating computational burden for a large number of submodules. It is mathematically proved that MMC has only one static equilibrium operating point to which the submodule capacitor voltages will converge naturally by the evaluation of capacitor voltage deviation index. A novel switching state matrix of submodules is constructed off‐line according to the mathematical proof, and the switching state vectors are cyclically selected from the matrix and distributed to the switching gate signals among the submodules to realize capacitor voltage self‐balance, avoiding real‐time capacitor voltage sampling and sorting. The proposed method is compatible with the conventional double closed‐loop control of MMCs. Theoretical conclusions are verified by simulations and experiments.
Retracted: Blockchain‐based covert software information transmission for bitcoin
Authors: Dhiman Gaurav , dos Reis Marcello Carvalho , Barbosa Paulo C. S. , de Albuquerque Victor Hugo C. , Kautish Sandeep 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRetraction: [Gaurav Dhiman, Marcello Carvalho dos Reis, Paulo C. S. Barbosa, Victor Hugo C. de Albuquerque, Sandeep Kautish, Blockchain‐based covert software information transmission for bitcoin, IET Software 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2.12120)].The above article from IET Software, published online on 8 February 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Editor‐in‐Chief, Hana Chockler, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (the IET) and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This article was published as part of a Guest Edited special issue. Following an investigation, the IET and the journal have determined that the article was not reviewed in line with the journal’s peer review standards and there is evidence that the peer review process of the special issue underwent systematic manipulation. Accordingly, we cannot vouch for the integrity or reliability of the content. As such we have taken the decision to retract the article. The authors have been informed of the decision to retract.
Small-scale loops heated to transition region temperatures and their chromospheric signatures in the simulated solar atmosphere
Authors: Skan M. , Danilovic S. , Leenaarts J. , Calvo F. , Rempel M. 
Published: February 2023

Context.Recent observations have revealed loop-like structures at very small scales visible in observables that sample the transition region (TR) and even coronal temperatures. These structures are referred to as either ‘unresolved fine structures’, ‘dynamic cool loops’, ‘miniature hot loops’ or ‘campfires’ depending on the observables in which they are detected. Their formation remains unclear.Aims.Realistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations and forward synthesis of spectral lines are used to investigate how these features occur.Methods.Computations were carried out using the MURaM code to generate model atmospheres. The synthetic Hαand Si IV spectra are calculated at two angles (μ = 1,μ = 0.66) using the Multi3D code. We traced magnetic field lines in the model and examined the evolution of the underlying field topology.Results.The synthetic HαDopplergrams reveal loops that evolve dramatically within a few minutes. The synthetic Hαline profiles show observed asymmetries and Doppler shifts in the line core. However, they also show strong emission peaks in the line wings, even at the slanted view. The synthetic Si IV emission features partly coincide with structures visible in HαDopplergrams and partly follow separate magnetic field threads. Some are even visible in the emission measure maps for the lg(T/K) = [5.8, 6.2] temperature interval. The emission areas trace out the magnetic field lines rooted in opposite polarities in a bipolar region.Conclusions.The model shows that a loop-like structure in a bipolar system with footpoints undergoing rapid movement and shuffling can produce many small-scale recurrent events heated to high temperatures. It demonstrates that heating to different temperatures occurs and can be confined to a small part of the loop, at the location where resistive and viscous heating increases. The model largely reproduces the observed features in terms of size, lifetime and morphology in chromospheric, TR and coronal observables. The morphology and evolution of the resulting observable features can vary depending on the viewing angle.
Pulmonale Hypertonie bei Lungenerkrankungen
Authors: Biener Leonie , Pizarro Carmen , Skowasch Dirk 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie pulmonale Hypertonie (PH) ist eine häufige Komorbidität von Lungenerkrankungen wie der chronisch obstruktiven Lungenerkrankung oder der idiopathischen pulmonalen Fibrose und geht mit
einer erhöhten Letalität einher. Die pulmonalarterielle Hypertonie (PAH) ist hingegen eine seltene Erkrankung, ebenfalls mit hoher Letalität. Durch das häufig ältere und komorbide
Patientengut der PAH ergeben sich Subgruppen, die sich hinsichtlich ihres Therapieansprechens und der Letalität von typischen PAH-Patienten unterscheiden. In den letzten Jahren hat sich
gezeigt, dass sich neben dem kardialen bzw. Linksherzphänotyp auch ein pulmonaler bzw. kardiopulmonaler Phänotyp abgrenzen lässt. Die Differenzierung zu einer schwergradigen PH bei
Lungengrunderkrankung kann schwierig sein und ist aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Therapiestrategien Expertenzentren vorbehalten.
Evaluation of Scapholunate Injury and Repair with Dynamic (4D) CT: A Preliminary Report of Two Cases
Authors: Trentadue Taylor P. , Lopez Cesar , Breighner Ryan E. , Fautsch Kalli , Leng Shuai , Holmes III David R. , Moran Steven L. , Thoreson Andrew R. , Kakar Sanjeev , Zhao Kristin D. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background In predynamic or dynamic scapholunate (SL) instability, standard diagnostic imaging may not identify SL interosseous ligament (SLIL) injury, leading to delayed detection and intervention. This study describes the use of four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) in identifying early SLIL injury and following injured wrists to 1-year postoperatively.
Description of Technique 4DCT acquires a series of three-dimensional volume data with high temporal resolution (66 ms). 4DCT-derived arthrokinematic data can be used as biomarkers of ligament integrity.
Patients and Methods This study presents the use of 4DCT in a two-participant case series to assess changes in arthrokinematics following unilateral SLIL injury preoperatively and 1-year postoperatively. Patients were treated with volar ligament repair with volar capsulodesis and arthroscopic dorsal capsulodesis. Arthrokinematics were compared between uninjured, preoperative injured, and postoperative injured (repaired) wrists.
Results 4DCT detected changes in interosseous distances during flexion-extension and radioulnar deviation. Generally, radioscaphoid joint distances were greatest in the uninjured wrist during flexion-extension and radioulnar deviation, and SL interval distances were smallest in the uninjured wrist during flexion-extension and radioulnar deviation.
Conclusion 4DCT provides insight into carpal arthrokinematics during motion. Distances between the radioscaphoid joint and SL interval can be displayed as proximity maps or as simplified descriptive statistics to facilitate comparisons between wrists and time points. These data offer insight into areas of concern for decreased interosseous distance and increased intercarpal diastasis. This method may allow surgeons to assess whether (1) injury can be visualized during motion, (2) surgery repaired the injury, and (3) surgery restored normal carpal motion.
Level of Evidence Level IV, Case series.
Chemoprophylaxis and Management of Venous Thromboembolism in Microvascular Surgery
Authors: Mirzamohammadi Fatemeh , Nnamani Silva Ogonna N. , Leaf Rebecca K. , Eberlin Kyle R. , Valerio Ian L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis review aims to highlight the common pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions utilized for thromboprophylaxis as well as flap salvage in microsurgery. A literature review was conducted in PubMed/National Center for Biotechnology Information, Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases. Articles with a focus on thromboprophylaxis in microsurgical procedures spanning head and neck surgery, breast and extremity microvascular reconstruction, deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolus in microvascular surgery, and flap thrombosis and salvage were included in this review. The majority of available evidence supports mechanical venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in all patients undergoing microsurgery given the presence of multiple risk factors for VTE within this particular patient population. Based on the literature review, addition of VTE chemoprophylactic agents is beneficial and an algorithmic approach to thromboprophylaxis in microsurgery patients and management of patients with thrombosis based on literature review and senior authors' experience is recommended and outlined.
A Stepwise Intraoperative Protocol to Minimize Complications after Volar Plating
Authors: Goorens Chul Ki , Eetvelde Gilles Van , Debaenst Niels , Royen Kjell Van 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Although outcome of volar plating is generally good, care should be taken to avoid specific iatrogenic and preventable complications, with an incidence reporting averaging 15%. Flexor tendon rupture due to a prominent plate, extensor tendon rupture due to a dorsal protruding screw tips, cartilage lesions due to intra-articular screw placement, loss of reduction due to insufficient stability, and persisting ulnar pain with distal radioulnar joint instability due to unstable triangular fibrocartilaginous complex lesions or unstable ulnar styloid base fractures all have been described.
Purpose We believe that a majority of these complications can be prevented by meticulous assessment of several intraoperative parameters during volar plating. Therefore, we introduce the WRIST protocol, a stepwise easy-to-remember manual that combines multiple fluoroscopic measurements to guide intraoperative decision making.
Conclusion Large prospective studies of the “WRIST” protocol are needed for validation. But we believe that it may help surgeons to optimize surgical technique, functional and radiographic outcome, and prevent complications when treating distal radial fractures.
Weather extremes, agriculture and the value of weather index insurance
Authors: Hott Christian , Regner Judith 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper evaluates the potential value of a weather index insurance for the agriculture sector in an high income country (Germany). In our theoretical analysis we model an index insurance, a loss-based insurance market as well as a combination of both kinds of insurance and compare the resulting expected utility of a risk averse crop farmer. To find a suitable index, we conduct a panel estimation and evaluate the link between different weather variables and losses of crop farmers in Germany. Following our estimation, mean temperatures in summer have the highest potential for an valuable index insurance. Finally, we simulate the theoretical model using the results from the estimation and using different thresholds for the definition of a NatCat. According to this simulation, index-insurance is more attractive for the lower and more frequently occurring losses and loss-based insurance is more attractive for rare high losses. A combination of both kinds of insurance could be optimal for intermediate cases.
Development of a laser-based angle-resolved-photoemission spectrometer with sub-micrometer spatial resolution and high-efficiency spin detection
Authors: Xu R. Z. , Gu X. , Zhao W. X. , Zhou J. S. , Zhang Q. Q. , Du X. , Li Y. D. , Mao Y. H. , Zhao D. , Huang K. , Zhang C. F. , Wang F. , Liu Z. K. , Chen Y. L. , Yang L. X. 
Published: February 2023

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with sub-micrometer spatial resolution (μ-ARPES), has become a powerful tool for studying quantum materials. To achieve sub-micrometer or even nanometer-scale spatial resolution, it is important to focus the incident light beam (usually from synchrotron radiation) using x-ray optics, such as the zone plate or ellipsoidal capillary mirrors. Recently, we developed a laser-based μ-ARPES with spin-resolution (LMS-ARPES). The 177 nm laser beam is achieved by frequency-doubling a 355 nm beam using a KBBF crystal and subsequently focused using an optical lens with a focal length of about 16 mm. By characterizing the focused spot size using different methods and performing spatial-scanning photoemission measurement, we confirm the sub-micron spatial resolution of the system. Compared with the μ-ARPES facilities based on the synchrotron radiation, our LMS-ARPES system is not only more economical and convenient, but also with higher photon flux (&gt;5 × 1013 photons/s), thus enabling the high-resolution and high-statistics measurements. Moreover, the system is equipped with a two-dimensional spin detector based on exchange scattering at a surface-passivated iron film grown on a W(100) substrate. We investigate the spin structure of the prototype topological insulator Bi2Se3 and reveal a high spin-polarization rate, confirming its spin-momentum locking property. This lab-based LMS-ARPES will be a powerful research tool for studying the local fine electronic structures of different condensed matter systems, including topological quantum materials, mesoscopic materials and structures, and phase-separated materials.
Secondary recrystallization of Goss texture in one-stage cold rolled Fe–Ga thin sheets via a large rolling reduction
Authors: He Zhenghua , Zhai Xinya , Sha Yuhui , Zhu Xiaofei , Chen Sihao , Hao Hongbo , Chen Lijia , Li Feng , Zuo Liang 
Published: February 2023

Preparing Fe–Ga sheets with excellent magnetostrictive coefficients by rolling and annealing methods can greatly promote the development of high-efficiency magnetostrictive devices. 0.3 mm thick Fe–Ga thin sheet was produced by the one-stage large-reduction cold rolling method without intermediate annealing. Trace V and Nb elements addition improves the rolling formability of the Fe–Ga sheet by precipitating a large number of (Nb,V)C particles. The evolution of precipitation, microstructure, texture, and magnetostrictive coefficients in the Fe–Ga sheet was investigated. The microstructure of primary recrystallization is composed of homogenous distribution of fine grains with an average grain size of about 22 μm. The composite inhibitors composed of MnS and (Nb,V)C precipitates with a particle size of 40∼80 nm suppress the matrix grains effectively. The primary recrystallization texture consists of a strong γ texture with a peak at {111}&lt;112&gt; and a relatively strong {114}&lt;481&gt; texture. The secondary recrystallization of Goss grain occurs at the annealing temperature of 900 °C and is completed at 1100 °C by the combined effects of the existing inhibitor and texture. The Fe–Ga thin sheets composed of several millimeter-sized grains of Goss texture accompanied by small grains oriented by {114}&lt;481&gt; were obtained after annealing at 1100 °C, and its measured magnetostriction value is about 238 ppm. The present work proposes a promising routine to produce high-performance Fe–Ga thin sheets.
Temporal interference for dual site transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Boldrey Joseph , Higgs Zachary , Jiles David C. 
Published: February 2023

Dual-site Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (ds-TMS) is a TMS protocol that involves stimulating two areas of the brain in close succession. This method is useful for studying the connections between two physical parts of the brain. TMS coils are generally designed for use on a single target area in the brain. When ds-TMS targets are in close proximity to one another, using traditional coils in a limited space increases the possibility of errors associated with positioning, resulting in inconsistent pulse strength and trajectory. We developed a single TMS coil that uses temporal interference (TI) to stimulate multiple targets within close proximity without compromising the ideal positioning of either location. TI TMS operates based on the frequency difference of two magnetic fields delivered simultaneously. The frequency difference between the two fields results in an envelope which can be steered to target a different location without moving the coil. We designed a TI-TMS coil and show that the peak induced electric field can be steered 4 cm in either direction (8 cm range) from the center point of the coil while delivering a peak field of 120 V/m, which is above the minimum 100 V/m needed to activate neurons. An experimental model was built using the same dimensions as the simulation model and validated that the physical model is able to steer the magnetic pulse using TI.
Effect of oxidation on the microwave absorption properties of rare-earth intermetallics La2Fe4Co10B
Authors: Li Kewei , Liu Zhou , Wang Yuankang , Zhang Pengyu , Wang Zilong , Xian Cong , Yang Wenyun , Luo Zhaochu , Liu Shunquan , Han Jingzhi , Du Honglin , Wang Changsheng , Yang Jinbo 
Published: February 2023

Microwave absorbers are increasingly being used to enhance shielding performance at higher frequencies. Great effort has been made to develop materials with superior reflection loss (RL), thin thickness, wide bandwidth, and low density to improve their performance in electromagnetic microwave absorption. In this work, the rare-earth intermetallics La2Fe4Co10B fine powders with planar magnetocrystalline anisotropy and high magnetization were prepared using the hydrogenation desorption (HD) technique. By heating the obtained magnetic powders in the air to slowly form an oxide layer on their surfaces, its complex permittivity can be tuned without changing its complex permeability, and its microwave absorption performance can be dramatically enhanced due to the improved impedance matching condition. For the La2Fe4Co10B/paraffin composite, the real part of the complex permittivity at 10 GHz can be reduced from 20.1 to 12.8, decreasing 36.3%. Before the oxidation, the RL of La2Fe4Co10B/paraffin composite is only −14.8 dB at 3.3 GHz under 3.4 mm thickness with an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 0.9 GHz. However, after the 10-hour oxidation, the RL changes to −15.6 dB at 13.4 GHz under 1.4 mm thickness with an EAB of 6.2 GHz. As an efficient and lightweight absorber, La2Fe4Co10B/paraffin composite has potential application value in constructing a new microwave absorber.
Double-pulse laser ablation in liquids: nanoparticle bimodality reduction by sub-nanosecond interpulse delay optimization
Authors: Doñate-Buendia C , Spellauge M , Streubel R , Riahi F , Barcikowski S , Huber H P , Gökce B 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Applications of nanoparticles (NPs) in medicine, energy, catalysis, or additive manufacturing demand the development of NP production methods that are offering material and solvent versatility, high purity, morphology, and size control, together with industrial-scale production capabilities. Pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) is a technique that comes close to meeting these demands; however, NP size control remains a challenge. To reduce the characteristic bimodality in NPs synthesized by high-intensity PLAL, a double pulse configuration with inter-pulse delays between 300 ps and 1200 ps is proposed. In this temporal delay window, the plume and initial bubble are still flat so that shielding of the second laser pulse by the cavitation bubble is avoided; minimizing pulse shielding that could reduce NP productivity. At a pulse delay of 600 ps, a (9 ± 1) wt% reduction of the large NP fraction is demonstrated (at the expense of mass yield), showing the possibility of modifying the NP size distribution produced in PLAL by temporal pulse shaping.
Estimation of fission barrier heights for even–even superheavy nuclei using machine learning approaches
Authors: Yesilkanat Cafer Mert , Akkoyun Serkan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With the fission barrier height information, the survival probabilities of super-heavy nuclei can also be reached. Therefore, it is important to have accurate knowledge of fission barriers, for example, the discovery of super-heavy nuclei in the stability island in the super-heavy nuclei region. In this study, five machine learning techniques, Cubist model, Random Forest, support vector regression, extreme gradient boosting and artificial neural network were used to accurately predict the fission barriers of 330 even–even super-heavy nuclei in the region 140 ≤ N ≤ 216 with proton numbers between 92 and 120. The obtained results were compared both among themselves and with other theoretical model calculation estimates and experimental results. According to the results obtained, it was concluded that the Cubist model, support vector regression and extreme gradient boosting methods generally gave better results and could be a better tool for estimating fission barrier heights.