bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
System‐reliability‐based disaster resilience analysis for structures considering aleatory uncertainties in external loads
Authors: Yi Sang‐ri , Kim Taeyong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe concept of disaster resilience is getting more prominent in the era of climate change due to the increase in the intensities and uncertainties of disaster events. To effectively assess the holistic capacity of structural systems, a disaster resilience analysis framework has been developed from a system‐reliability‐based perspective. The framework evaluates resilience in terms of reliability, redundancy, and recoverability and provides quantitative indices of reliability and redundancy for structures with a resilience threshold. Although this framework enables the comprehensive evaluation of disaster resilience performance, practical applications of such concepts to the structures subjected to dynamic excitations with large aleatory uncertainty, such as earthquakes, remain challenging. This study develops a framework to assess the resilience performance of structures by taking into account the aleatory uncertainties in external forces. Along with the development of reliability and redundancy curves that can effectively accommodate such excitations, a new resilience threshold representation is proposed to incorporate recoverability in the decision‐making process. Moreover, we provide efficient procedures for calculating the reliability and redundancy curves to alleviate the computational complexity during the resilience analysis. Two earthquake application examples are presented targeting a nine‐story building and a cable‐stayed bridge system to demonstrate the enhanced practical applicability of the proposed framework.
Laboratory Determination of Particulate-Matter–Bound Agrochemical Toxicity among Honeybees, Mason Bees, and Painted Lady Butterflies
Authors: Green Frank B. , Muñoz Sonia R. , Smith Philip N. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pollinator population declines are global phenomena with severe consequences for native flora and agriculture. Many factors have contributed to pollinator declines including habitat loss, climate change, disease and parasitism, reductions in abundance and diversity of foraging resources, and agrochemical exposure. Particulate matter (PM) serves as a carrier of toxic agrochemicals, and pollinator mortality can occur following exposure to agrochemical-contaminated PM. Therefore, laboratory-controlled experiments were conducted to evaluate impacts of individual PM-bound agrochemicals. Honeybees (Apis mellifera), blue orchard mason bees (Osmia lignaria), and painted lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) larvae were exposed to bifenthrin, permethrin, clothianidin, imidacloprid, abamectin, and ivermectin via suspended, airborne PM. Agrochemical concentrations in PM to which pollinators were exposed were based on concentrations observed in fugitive beef cattle feedyard PM including a “mean” treatment and a “max” treatment reflective of reported mean and maximum PM-bound agrochemical concentrations, respectively. In general, pollinators in the mean and max treatments experienced significantly higher mortality compared with controls. Honeybees were most sensitive to pyrethroids, mason bees were most sensitive to neonicotinoids, and painted lady butterfly larvae were most sensitive to macrocyclic lactones. Overall, pollinator mortality was quite low relative to established toxic effect levels derived from traditional pollinator contact toxicity tests. Furthermore, pollinator mortality resulting from exposure to individual agrochemicals via PM was less than that reported to occur at beef cattle feedyards, highlighting the importance of mixture toxicity to native and managed pollinator survival and conservation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2642–2650. © 2023 SETAC
Meta-Analysis Comparing Nominal and Measured Concentrations of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Aquatic Toxicity Studies Across Various Experimental Conditions
Authors: Jarvis Amanda L. , Justice James R. , Schnitker Brian , Gallagher Kathryn 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are among the most frequently detected chemicals among the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in aquatic environments. Because of their high detection frequency, persistence, and potential toxicity, interest in both PFOA and PFOS has increased in recent years. However, a substantial number of PFOA and PFOS toxicity tests only report nominal, or unmeasured, treatment concentrations, which may complicate the determination of protective values. In addition, previous literature has indicated that differences between nominal and measured concentrations of both PFOA and PFOS could be linked to experimental conditions (e.g., feeding regimes for test organisms, test vessel material [glass or plastic], use of solvent, and the presence of substrate). Therefore, this critical review examined whether nominal and measured concentrations were in close agreement with each other among the current PFOA and PFOS aquatic toxicity literature and if experimental conditions were associated with any observed differences. Nominal and measured concentrations in the current PFOA and PFOS aquatic toxicity literature generally displayed a high degree of linear correlation and relatively low median percent differences. Correlations between measured and nominal concentrations were &gt;0.98 for PFOA and &gt;0.95 for PFOS in freshwater tests across experimental conditions. For saltwater tests, correlations of &gt;0.84 were observed for PFOA and PFOS (separate and combined) across experimental conditions. While measured PFOA and PFOS toxicity tests are generally preferred, the present meta-analysis demonstrated that experimental conditions had little influence on observed discrepancies between nominal and measured concentrations, with the exception of PFOS saltwater tests and PFOA and PFOS freshwater studies that contained substrate. Unmeasured tests with these conditions should be considered carefully based on project needs, with the caveat that the data sets for these two experimental conditions were limited. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2289–2301. Published 2023. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Aging, Climate, and Invasions Threaten Reservoirs in the Mississippi River Basin
Authors: Miranda Leandro E 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Reservoirs in the Mississippi River basin are facing three momentous threats. The first two, aging and climate change, are relatively slow moving and their signal can be hard to discern given their stretched temporal scales. The third, species invasions, is faster paced and discernable within shorter temporal scales and restricted spatial scales. Aging and climate directly affect reservoir environments and indirectly affect their biotic communities. Climate change is expected to interact with aging to speed up and, in some instances, slow down aging. Conversely, invasions primarily imperil biotic communities but can also impact environmental elements. This triple jeopardy is expected to transform reservoir environs and their biotic assemblages in various, often uncertain, ways. I take a broad view of these threats within the Mississippi River basin. A basin-scale perspective, in contrast to a single reservoir or regional scale, may enhance awareness of reservoirs at a larger level and produce understanding less evident at local levels, hence possibly offering a wider range of choices for confronting threats. My aim is to (1) provide a synopsis of the assemblage of reservoirs and their attributes over the Mississippi River basin, (2) describe the issues related to aging, climate change, and invasions, and (3) consider a conservation framework for confronting these pressures. Given the overlapping temporal, spatial, and ecological effects of these threats, it is essential to address their effects simultaneously.
Comparative evaluation of milk proteins and oil‐seed‐cake‐derived proteins extracted by chemical and biological methods for obesity management
Authors: Sharma Diksha , Lande Abhijit Gajanan , Sameni Deepika , Yadav Deep Narayan , Kapila Rajeev , Kapila Suman 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn light of the exponential rise in global population, there is a critical requirement to reduce food waste on a global scale. According to studies, agricultural wastes such as oil‐seed cakes offer great nutritional value. Acid precipitation (A) and alkaline extraction methods (traditional methods) were used to extract protein from oil‐seed cakes; however, both procedures are linked to decreased protein quality and quantity, which prompted the development of a novel strategy known as the biological/microbial/probiotic (B) method. Therefore, the present study aimed to highlight the optimal way of protein extraction from oil‐seed cakes and the effect of extraction methods on protein efficacy against obesity. The outcomes were also compared with milk proteins.RESULTSIn vitro study provided evidence that proteins from both sources (plant and milk) suppressed adipogenesis and stimulated adipolysis in 3T3L‐1 cells. For the in vivo study, mice were fed with different protein extracts: soya protein preparation (SPP), ground protein preparation (GPP), whey protein (WP) and casein protein (CP) containing 40% of their calories as fat. Body weight decreased significantly in all the rats except CP‐fed rats. Body mass index, atherogenic index, plasma triglyceride and very‐low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level decreased significantly in all the groups in comparison to the model group (high‐fat‐diet group), but the decrease was more pronounced in plant proteins than milk proteins. In hepatocytes, the expression of fasting‐induced adipose factor, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α genes was increased significantly in SPP‐fed groups. Adiponectin gene expression was upregulated significantly in visceral fat tissue in groups fed SPP‐B, GPP‐A and CP, whereas leptin gene was downregulated significantly in all groups except SPP‐A.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates that SPP‐B showed the most effective anti‐obesity property, followed by WP. Additionally, we found that the biological precipitation approach produced better outcomes for plant proteins isolated from oil‐seed cakes than the acid precipitation method. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Denoising and uncertainty estimation in parameter mapping with approximate Bayesian deep image priors
Authors: Hellström Max , Löfstedt Tommy , Garpebring Anders 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo mitigate the problem of noisy parameter maps with high uncertainties by casting parameter mapping as a denoising task based on Deep Image Priors.MethodsWe extend the concept of denoising with Deep Image Prior (DIP) into parameter mapping by treating the output of an image‐generating network as a parametrization of tissue parameter maps. The method implicitly denoises the parameter mapping process by filtering low‐level image features with an untrained convolutional neural network (CNN). Our implementation includes uncertainty estimation from Bernoulli approximate variational inference, implemented with MC dropout, which provides model uncertainty in each voxel of the denoised parameter maps. The method is modular, so the specifics of different applications (e.g., T1 mapping) separate into application‐specific signal equation blocks. We evaluate the method on variable flip angle T1 mapping, multi‐echo T2 mapping, and apparent diffusion coefficient mapping.ResultsWe found that deep image prior adapts successfully to several applications in parameter mapping. In all evaluations, the method produces noise‐reduced parameter maps with decreased uncertainty compared to conventional methods. The downsides of the proposed method are the long computational time and the introduction of some bias from the denoising prior.ConclusionDIP successfully denoise the parameter mapping process and applies to several applications with limited hyperparameter tuning. Further, it is easy to implement since DIP methods do not use network training data. Although time‐consuming, uncertainty information from MC dropout makes the method more robust and provides useful information when properly calibrated.
Ginger blotches on Agaricus bisporus due to monoacetylphloroglucinol production by the pathogen Pseudomonas ‘gingeri’
Authors: Huang Zaixing , Liang Xishen , Wang Yifan , Mo Minqi , Qiu Ying , Liu Bin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAgaricus bisporus is the most widely cultivated and consumed mushroom worldwide. Pseudomonas ‘gingeri’ is the only pathogenic causative agent of ginger blotch in A. bisporus. Current research on mushroom pathogenic biotoxins is limited to P. tolaasii, which causes brown blotch, while understanding of P. ‘gingeri’ is lacking, therefore identifying the toxins produced by P. ‘gingeri’ and evaluating their toxicity on A. bisporus is essential for understanding its pathogenic mechanisms.RESULTSA pathogenic bacterium isolated from fruiting bodies of A. bisporus with ginger blotch was identified as P. ‘gingeri’, and its main toxin identified as 2′, 4′, 6′‐trihydroxyacetophenone monohydrate, also known as monoacetylphloroglucinol (MAPG). Its first known extraction from a mushroom pathogen is reported here. MAPG at 250 μg/mL significantly inhibited the host's mycelial growth, increased branching, caused the structure to become dense and resulted in folds appearing on the surface. An MAPG concentration of 750 μg/mL MAPG led to mycelial death. P. ‘gingeri’ had high MAPG production in medium containing 0.1 mol/L of either glucose or mannitol (4.30 and 1.85 μg/mL, respectively), and mycelia were inhibited by 69.6% and 41.1%, respectively. The MAPG content was significantly lower in other carbon source media.CONCLUSIONThis work provides a detailed description of the structure and virulence of the P. ‘gingeri’ biotoxin, which has implications for understanding its pathogenic mechanism and for exploring precise control strategies for A. bisporus ginger blotch disease, such as the development of MAPG inhibitory factors. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Target and non‐target site mechanisms of fungicide resistance and their implications for the management of crop pathogens
Authors: Dorigan Adriano Francis , Moreira Silvino Intra , da Silva Costa Guimarães Sarah , Cruz‐Magalhães Valter , Alves Eduardo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFungicides are indispensable for high‐quality crops, but the rapid emergence and evolution of fungicide resistance have become the most important issues in modern agriculture. Hence, the sustainability and profitability of agricultural production have been challenged due to the limited number of fungicide chemical classes. Resistance to site‐specific fungicides has principally been linked to target and non‐target site mechanisms. These mechanisms change the structure or expression level, affecting fungicide efficacy and resulting in different and varying resistance levels. This review provides background information about fungicide resistance mechanisms and their implications for developing anti‐resistance strategies in plant pathogens. Here, our purpose was to review changes at the target and non‐target sites of quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides, methyl‐benzimidazole carbamate (MBC) fungicides, demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides, and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides and to evaluate if they may also be associated with a fitness cost on crop pathogen populations. The current knowledge suggests that understanding fungicide resistance mechanisms can facilitate resistance monitoring and assist in developing anti‐resistance strategies and new fungicide molecules to help solve this issue. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Predicting the unpredictable: the regulatory nature and promiscuity of herbicide cross resistance
Authors: Bobadilla Lucas K , Tranel Patrick J 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe emergence of herbicide‐resistant weeds is a significant threat to modern agriculture. Cross resistance, a phenomenon where resistance to one herbicide confers resistance to another, is a particular concern owing to its unpredictability. Nontarget‐site (NTS) cross resistance is especially challenging to predict, as it arises from genes that encode enzymes that do not directly involve the herbicide target site and can affect multiple herbicides. Recent advancements in genomic and structural biology techniques could provide new venues for predicting NTS resistance in weed species. In this review, we present an overview of the latest approaches that could be used. We discuss the use of genomic and epigenomics techniques such as ATAC‐seq and DAP‐seq to identify transcription factors and cis‐regulatory elements associated with resistance traits. Enzyme/protein structure prediction and docking analysis are discussed as an initial step for predicting herbicide binding affinities with key enzymes to identify candidates for subsequent in vitro validation. We also provide example analyses that can be deployed toward elucidating cross resistance and its regulatory patterns. Ultimately, our review provides important insights into the latest scientific advancements and potential directions for predicting and managing herbicide cross resistance in weeds. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Pest management of postharvest potatoes: lethal, sublethal and transgenerational effects of the ectoparasitic mite Pyemotes zhonghuajia on the potato worm Phthorimaea operculella
Authors: Liu Jian‐Feng , He Xiong Z , Ye Shuai , Zhou Jing‐Jiang , Han Peng , Gao Yu‐Lin , Yang Mao‐Fa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPotato, Solanum tuberosum, is one of the most important food crops in the world, playing a significant role in global food security. However, many potato industries and farms may suffer losses of tuber yield and quality in storage due to lepidopteran pests. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of an ectoparasitic idiobiont mite Pyemotes zhonghuajia in the biological control of the potato tuber moth (PTM) Phthorimaea operculella by determining the lethal, sublethal (nonconsumptive) and transgenerational effects of P. zhonghuajia of various population densities and exposure durations on PTM survival, development and reproduction.RESULTSPyemotes zhonghuajia females were capable of killing all instar stages of PTM, while resistance to mite parasitism increased with the development of PTM life stage. The mortality of mature larvae (i.e., fourth instar) and pupae increased with increasing mite density and exposure duration. P. zhonghuajia imposed significant negative sublethal impacts on PTM pupation rate, female fecundity and adult longevity but not on immature development. The sublethal stress was transgenerational, resulting in lower reproduction in the offspring generation.CONCLUSIONP. zhonghuajia induces lethal, sublethal and transgenerational effects and significantly decreases PTM survival and reproductive out, demonstrating its high efficiency in the biological control of PTM. Our study provides insight into the mechanisms underlying the nonconsumptive effects of parasitism in an ectoparasite–host system and delivers critical information for the design and implementation of augmentative releases of P. zhonghuajia in the biological control of PTM in potato storage. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Electrochemical Analysis of the Antihistamine Drug Cetirizine at a Poly(Glutamine) Modified Carbon Nanotube Paste Electrode
Authors: Pushpanjali Pemmatte A. , Manjunatha Jamballi G. , Hareesha Nagarajappa , Tighezza Ammar M. , Albaqami Munirah D. , Sillanpää Mika 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn inexpensive and efficient sensor was developed for the electrochemical analysis of the antihistamine drug cetirizine (CTZ). The active sites on the bare carbon nanotube paste electrode surface were improved by the electropolymerization of poly(Glutamine). This modified electrode enhances the electrochemical response of the examining molecule. The study was conducted using a cyclic voltammetry technique in phosphate buffer saline of physiological pH 7.0 at a scan rate of 0.1 V/s. The developed electrode possesses increased conductance and declined overpotential for the determination of CTZ. At the optimized conditions, the detection limit was evaluated by obtaining the current response of CTZ at the varied concentration, and it was obtained as 0.12 μM. The poly glutamine modified carbon nanotube paste electrode was successfully applied to determine CTZ in tablet and human urine samples with acceptable recovery.
Superconformal quantum mechanics and growth of sheaf cohomology
Authors: Dorey Nick , Zhao Boan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We give a geometric interpretation for superconformal quantum mechanics defined on a hyper-Kähler cone which has an equivariant symplectic resolution. BPS states are identified with certain twisted Dolbeault cohomology classes on the resolved space and their index degeneracies can also be related to the Euler characteristic computed in equivariant sheaf cohomology. In the special case of the Hilbert scheme of K points on ℂ2, we obtain a rigorous estimate for the exponential growth of the index degeneracies of BPS states as K → ∞. This growth serves as a toy model for our recently proposed duality between a seven dimensional black hole and superconformal quantum mechanics.
Transverse momentum dependent shape function for J/ψ production in SIDIS
Authors: Boer Daniël , Bor Jelle , Maxia Luca , Pisano Cristian , Yuan Feng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
It has been shown previously that the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization of heavy quarkonium production requires a TMD shape function. Its perturbative tail can be extracted by matching the cross sections valid at low and high transverse momenta. In this article we compare the order-αs TMD expressions with the order-$$ {\alpha}_s^2 $$

α
s
2

collinear ones for J/ψ production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS), employing nonrelativistic QCD in both cases. In contrast to previous studies, we find that the small transverse momentum limit of the collinear expressions contains discontinuities. We demonstrate how to properly deal with them and include their finite contributions to the TMD shape functions. Moreover, we show that soft gluon emission from the low transverse momentum Born diagrams provide the same leading order TMD shape functions as required for the matching. Their revised perturbative tails have a less divergent behavior as compared to the TMD fragmentation functions of light hadrons. Finally, we investigate the universality of TMD shape functions in heavy quarkonium production, identify the need for process dependent factorization and discuss the phenomenological implications.
Some New Weak $$(H_p-L_p)$$-Type Inequality for Weighted Maximal Operators of Partial Sums of Walsh–Fourier Series
Authors: Baramidze David , Persson Lars-Erik , Singh Harpal , Tephnadze George 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce some new weighted maximal operators of the partial sums of the Walsh–Fourier series. We prove that for some “optimal” weights these new operators indeed are bounded from the martingale Hardy space $$H_{p}(G)$$

H
p

(
G
)

to the Lebesgue space $$\text {weak}-L_{p}(G),$$

weak
-

L
p

(
G
)

,

for $$0<p<1.$$

0
<
p
<
1
.

Moreover, we also prove sharpness of this result. As a consequence we obtain some new and well-known results.