bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Efficacy of Ketamine Without Intubation in the Management of Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Case Series
Authors: Kimmons Lauren , Alzayadneh Mohammad , Metter Jeffrey , Alsherbini Khalid 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Continuous infusion ketamine has demonstrated efficacy in the management of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) yet does not suppress respiratory drive like other continuous infusion anesthetics used for this indication. Utilizing ketamine early in the management of RSE represents a treatment option with potential to reduce morbidity. The aim of this study is to describe the safety and efficacy of ketamine infusions in RSE patients without intubation.
Materials and Methods: We analyzed a retrospective cohort of adult patients who were not intubated at the time of initiation of a ketamine infusion for RSE. Seizure onset was determined to be the first clinical seizure or non-convulsive seizure reported on electroencephalogram (EEG) or the start time of EEG for patients in RSE at EEG initiation. Responders were defined as patients with documentation of resolution of seizures within 24 hours of initiation without the need for intubation or additional continuous infusion anesthetics.
Results: A total of 28 patients were analyzed of a median age 62 years, 64.3% female, 82.1% African American, and 82.1% with structural seizure etiology. 78.5% of patients received an initial bolus averaging 0.9 mg/kg and the majority (89.3%) were initiated on an infusion at 10 mcg/kg/min; median duration of infusion was 39.8 hours. 71.4% of patients were assessed to be ketamine responders; six of the eight non-responders required intubation and an additional continuous infusion anesthetic. Responders were 80% more likely to have received ketamine five or more hours earlier than non-responders. Hypotension (SBP < 90 mmHg) occurred in 31.8% of patients receiving only ketamine, which did not correlate with duration or maximum dose of ketamine.
Conclusion: Ketamine represents a safe and effective treatment option for RSE with potential to reduce morbidity associated with intubation. Early initiation may increase likelihood of success.
Estimation of Three-Phase Induction Motor Efficiency at Different Loads
Authors: Ileri Kadir , Dalcali Adem , Durgut Rafet 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Asynchronous machines are widely used in many industrial applications due to their high reliability and low cost. One of the important parameters determining motor performance is efficiency which varies under different load conditions. Many different methods can obtain the efficiency of the motor. While most of these methods require direct intervention on the motor, high-accuracy efficiency prediction can be achieved using machine learning methods that do not require intervention. In this study, efficiency prediction was made using the manufacturer data of 470 different motors under three different load conditions such as full load, half load, and 75% load. Four different machine learning methods were applied with different configurations to predict efficiency values with high accuracy. These methods include MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB). The highest accuracy was achieved with RF at half load, XGB at full load, and 75% load. In addition, it was determined that IST/IFL and P(kW) were the most influential factors for efficiency at all loads.
PACS: 0000, 1111
2000 MSC: 0000, 1111
Root Predominant Overexpression of iaaM and CKX Genes Promotes Root Initiation and Biomass Production and Initiation in Citrus
Authors: Tang Dan , Li Yanjun , Zhai Longmei , Li Wei , Kumar Rahul , Yer Huseyin , Duan Hui , Cheng Baoping , Deng Ziniu , Li Yi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Promoting initiation and biomass production of roots is significant for plant-based industries including using roots as bioreactors. We used two citrus genotypes, Carrizo and US-897, as model plants to test the effects of root-predominantly overexpressed the iaaM (indoleacetic acid-tryptophan monooxygenase) gene and a CKX (a cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase) gene. The iaaM transgenic lines exhibited markedly faster root initiation, more root numbers, and higher root biomass compared to their wild-type counterparts. The transgenic iaaM + CKXplants also exhibited similar phenotypes, albeit to a lesser extent than the iaaMplants. Molecular analysis revealed an auxin-responsive CsGH3.1 gene was up-regulated in the iaaM roots and iaaM + CKX roots, and a cytokinin-responsive gene CsARR5 gene was down-regulated in the iaaM + CKX roots. Our results demonstrate that root predominant overexpression of the iaaM or both the iaaM and CKX genes drastically enhances the initiation, growth and biomass production of roots. These results provide additional support that manipulation of auxin and cytokinin levels in roots via transgenic or gene-editing technologies may benefit production of high-value secondary metabolites using roots as bioreactors and also improve rooting of recalcitrant plant species.
Testing effectiveness in nature reserve management using GIS-based tools: a 25-years monitoring of land use change in a Mediterranean coastal wetland
Authors: Marzialetti Flavio , Cesarini Giulia , Acosta Alicia Teresa Rosario , Battisti Corrado 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Land-cover change dynamics were investigated in a Mediterranean coastal wetland to evaluate long-term effectiveness in nature reserve management. A multitemporal analysis of land cover maps was derived from visual interpretation of aerial orthophotos in the 1996, 2008, 2015 and 2021 summer seasons. Landscape changes were evaluated by transition matrices and chord diagrams. Maps were classified in accordance with CORINE land cover types at a fourth level of detail. Multitemporal analyses provided a description of the reserve landscape changes occurred in the last 25 years. The most notable changes are the increase of wetland areas and the reduction of agricultural and artificial areas. Moreover, the extension of seminatural vegetation constantly increased over time. The landscape change was the result of a constant management activity of the nature reserve such as agreement for water supply, restoration projects and actions to combat illegality. These operational actions induced fine-grained ecological changes (outcomes at ecosystem level). This study highlighted the importance of remote sensing and landscape analysis matched with fine-grained management data as tool for long-term monitoring as a support to evaluate effectiveness of strategies promoted in nature reserves hosting wet coastal ecosystems of high conservation concern.
A case control study examining the population of epidermal and dermal pathology, inflammatory infiltrate and neural milieu of primary prurigo nodularis using S-100 and Toluidine blue stain and its therapeutic implications
Authors: Agrawal Diksha , Sardana Kabir , Mathachan Sinu , Bhardwaj Minakshi , Ahuja Arvind , Jain Swasti , Panesar Sanjeet 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A cross-sectional observational study was in cases of untreated primary prurigo nodularis cases with histopathological assessment in 49 cases of prurigo from lesional and non lesional uninvolved skin with assessment of epidermal and dermal changes, composition of dermal infiltrate and S-100 & toluidine blue staining to assess the role of nerve and mast cells. The most common histological changes seen in lesional skin were hyperkeratosis( 98%), irregular hyperplasis (69.4%) hypergranulosis (69.4%), sub epidermal clefting( 6%), vertical collagen bundles (51.0%) & dermal fibrosis (48.9%). Chronic inflammatory infiltrate was seen in all cases (100%) and the most common inflammatory cells seen being found were lymphocytes (100%) followed by, eosinophils (18.4%), plasma cells (8.2%) patients neutrophils. (2.0%). There was a marked increase in the expression of S-100 (6.92 ± 3.40 Vs 3.94 ± 2.15, p < 0.001) and toludidine blue (4.99 ± 4.47 Vs 1.22 ± 1.28, p < 0.001) in the lesional skin as compared to the non lesional skin. Thus we can infer that the epidermal and dermal pathology is dependent on lymphocytes, mast cells and neural hyperplasia which perpetuate the pathology of PN by triggering the itch-inflammation cycle. Thus apart from immunosuppressive agents that target lymphocytes and their cytokines therapy targeted at mast cells and neural proliferation may be needed to treat prurigo nodularis.
Water productivity of mulched and drip irrigated watermelon in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Hama-Aziz Zanist Q. , Mustafa Rebwar A. , Neima Hemin A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Water productivity is the amount of yield produced for a specific crop per cubic meter of fresh water. It is not determined for majority of crops in Iraq and Kurdistan region of Iraq (KRI) where water shortage compelled farmers to practice modern techniques like drip irrigation and plastic mulch. This study aims to calculate and report the water productivity of watermelon produced using drip irrigation and plastic mulch at a farm scale. Data on the yield, the number of irrigations, the length of each irrigation, as well as the cost and benefit of production were gathered in 2019 from 32 farmers who produced watermelons in a 119 ha area. The mean value was 62 ton ha− 1 for yield, 4,675 m3 ha− 1 for water applied, and 15 kg m− 3 for water productivity. Approximately, 66 liter of water was applied to produce one kilogram of watermelon. A cost-benefit analysis showed that water applied accounted for 11% of the overall production benefits, production expenses for 31%, and net benefits for 58%. It is concluded that the later move from surface irrigation on uncovered soil to drip irrigation and mulching is an important adaptation strategy given the current water shortage in the area.
The Promoting Effect and Mechanism of Nrf2 on Cell Metastasis in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhang Mengwe , Hong Xiaoling , Ma Ning , Wei Zhentong , Ci Xinxin , Zhang Songling 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and anoikis are initial and pivotal steps during the metastatic process. Although higher levels of Nrf2 are associated with aggressive tumor behaviors such as proliferation, invasion and migration in cervical cancer, the detailed mechanism of Nrf2 in cervical cancer metastasis, especially EMT and anoikis, remains unclear.Methods We investigated the expression of Nrf2 in patients with or without cervical cancer lymph node metastasis through immunohistochemistry (IHC). Wound healing assay and transwell analysis were used to evaluate the migration ability of different cervical cancer cells including Nrf2 knockout and Nrf2 overexpression cells. Western blot was used to verify the expression level of Nrf2, the EMT associated markers and anoikis associated proteins in different situations. Flow cytometry assays were used to detect the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. A xenograft assay was used to verify the metastatic function of Nrf2 in vivo.Results Nrf2 was highly expressed in patients with cervical cancer lymph node metastasis. And Nrf2 was proved to enhance the migration ability of HeLa and SiHa cells. In addition, Nrf2 was positively correlated with EMT processes and negatively associated with anoikis in cervical cancer through Snail1-dependent pathway. In vivo, a xenograft assay also showed that Nrf2 facilitated both pulmonary and lymphatic distant metastasis of cervical cancer.Conclusion Nrf2 could play a crucial role in the metastasis of cervical cancer by enhancing EMT and resistance to anoikis by promoting the expression of Snail1.
Design and Analysis of Aluminium 6061 Elbow Pipe in Industrial Sector
Authors: Rangnekar Safwan , Narwade Gautam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Lately a rapid fire smash passed in exploration and advancements in the aluminium essence matrix resin mixes (AMMCS) The attention is needed to gain of good mechanical parcels and helps their eventuality across an expansive range and high end operations The review is to give an figure of the causes that affect mechanical properties of compound material aluminium 6061 The selection of underpinning material and different parameters are the challenges faced during the design of accoutrements without compromising in mechanical parcels. The aluminium amalgamation 6061 grounded. Compound material attain different parcels with different type on underpinning. These compound material have high strength and stiffness to weight rate. Aluminium 6061 pipe is used in chemical industry and nuclear power factory.
Machine Learning Model to Detect Seizures Using EEG Signals
Authors: Chandel Garima , Kaur Amanpreet , Grover Sneha , Saini Sandeep Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Epilepsy is a disease of grave concern these days due to the negligence in its treatment in many parts of the world. Its detection and diagnose requires high skill, large amount of time and money. Thus, due to lack of treatment, epilepsy which can be diagnosed with simple epileptic drugs turn refractory. This can be avoided if it is detected at an early stage. Also, the data received after a patient undergo EEG is quite complex. Visualizing that data in an effective way and knowing important timestamps in a recorded EEG signal can help one save time and increase accuracy of detection. An automated system utilizing conventional machine learning is thus proposed in this study that uses features extracted from EEG signals. We have used a seizure detection model and visualized data and the result using various python libraries. Seizure detection is a model which is able to identify the presence of abnormal activities in the brain. Seizure prediction is a model which is able to predict in advance if he/she is going to face seizures in coming time by just studying the EEG signals of present state of that patient. Supervised Machine learning (random forest classifier) was employed to analyze recorded EEG signals for epilepsy detection. Data in the datasets was visualized using matplotlib. Classifier was visualized using Graphviz and pydot. Random forest model predicted epilepsy with a good accuracy of 96.87%, Sensitivity came out to be 98.4% and Specificity was 90.7%.
NADPH-oxidase 4 promotes autophagy in spinal neurons through activating ER stress during the development of morphine tolerance
Authors: Xiao Xuyang , Yang Jingjie , Bai Qian , Wang Zhitao , Chen Yan , Si Yue , Xu Yaowei , Li Zhisong , Bu Huilian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Morphine tolerance is one of the current challenging issues in the treatment of chronic pain. Recent studies have shown that ROS derived by NADPH oxidase (NOX) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is participated in the development of morphine tolerance. However, which NOX subtype initiates the ER stress during the development of morphine tolerance is not fully clear. NOX4 mainly expressed at intracellular membranes, such as ER and mitochondria, which sole function is to produce ROS as the major product. At present, whether NOX4 is activated and the mechanisms between NOX4 and ER stress during the development of morphine tolerance still need to be confirmed. Here, our research, for the first time, demonstrated that chronic administration of morphine up-regulated the expression of NOX4 at spinal cord through activating the three ER stress sensors (PERK, IRE1, ATF6), and subsequently leading to the activation of LC3B and P62 (a well-known autophagy marker) in GABAergic neurons. Therefore, our results may suggest that regulating NOX4 and the key factor of ER stress or autophagy may be a promising strategy to treat and prevent the development of morphine tolerance.
An analysis of physiological signals as a measure of engagement in rehabilitation using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Kim Jung-Yeon , Lee Seong-A , Jung Bong-Keun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Active participation of clients in rehabilitation is a crucial factor for improved outcomes. A few studies have investigated how to measure patient engagement to given rehabilitation therapies compared to intervention developments. In this study, we aimed to examine the possibility of assessing patient engagement by analyzing features computed from autonomic nervous responses with machine learning algorithms, such as naïve bayes classifier (NB), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and neural network (NN).
Methods: Autonomic nervous responses were collected from 56 older adults with moderate to mild cognitive impairment using a wearable device during rehabilitation therapy sessions under two different conditions designed to induce different levels of engagement. 32 features were obtained from the autonomic nervous system responses and used to determine the client engagement levels. In addition, feature selection methods were applied to reduce redundant information. Client engagement during rehabilitation therapy sessions was rated by therapists using Pittsburgh Rehabilitation Participation Scale (PRPS). In addition, subjective feelings were quantified by participants using Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM). The data collected under the different conditions were labelled as having a higher or lower degree of engagement, and classification performance was tested with the algorithms.
Results: It was found that the mean scores of PRPS and the valence dimension of the participants were significantly different between the conditions confirming the successful induction of varying levels of engagement from the participants. The worst performance was observed when the classifiers were trained with all features (mean classification accuracy: 81.6%) whereas the highest mean accuracy was observed when classifiers were trained with the top 5 features (85.6%) selected by minimum-Redundancy-Maximum-Relevance (mRMR) than other combinations of feature sets. The best classification accuracy of different degrees of rehabilitation participation was achieved with SVM (87.7%) in combination with the top 5 ranked features, which indicates that the feature selection methods employed in this study did not only lead to a reduction in the number of features, but also a slight improvement in the classification performance. On the other hand, RF consistently performed better than NB and NN when combined with the mRMR feature selection method, suggesting RF is the most robust classifier among the tested classifiers for determining the degree of client engagement in rehabilitation.
Conclusions: Engagement in rehabilitation can be realized by utilizing autonomic nervous responses and machine learning algorithms as a way of involving clients in the process of engagement assessment while requiring their minimal cognitive efforts.
A novel evolutionary algorithm named oppositional based chaotic tree seed algorithm (OCTSA) applied for energy cost minimization in hybrid microgrid system for different locations in India
Authors: MANDAL BARUN , Chatterjee Satabdi , Roy Provas , Mukherjee Indranil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The exploration work performed in this paper launches a relatively modern method named oppositional based chaotic tree seed algorithm (OCTSA) for explaining the utilization of the hybrid micro-grid system (HMGS), that includes renewable sources with diesel generator applied for three dissimilar zones of India. Existing algorithms are failed to handle complicated issues competently and moreover, objective function is struck to local optimal solution. In this paper, not only chaotic but also oppositional-based learning (OBL) is incorporated to enhance convergence speed with the validity of a basic tree seed algorithm. For finding better solutions, OCTSA is applied to optimally supervise the operation of the small micro-grid with installed renewable energy sources and results are compared with optimization techniques like particle swamp optimization and bio geography-based optimization. This paper focuses on two key factors, namely the cost efficiency of the system and the reliability of service like bare minimum values for loss of power supply probability (LPSP), a no of autonomy days (AD), and a renewable fraction (RF). Results too contain optimum photo voltaic power, no of wind turbine, diesel generator. Analysis of simulation results concludes that the proposed OCTSA approaches upto (15-19)% reduction in electricity price which enhances reliability and financial feasibility of hybrid system under various environmental uncertainties.
Efficacy and safety of thoracic radiotherapy for extensive stage small cell lung cancer after immunotherapy in real world
Authors: Fang Min , Wang Le , Gu Qing , Wu Huiwen , Du Xianghui , Lai Xiaojing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose The immunotherapy combined chemotherapy has been the standard treatment strategy for extensive-stage small lung cancer (ES-SCLC). The CREST trial reported consolidative thoracic radiotherapy (cTRT) improved overall survival (OS) for ES-SCLC with intrathoracic residual after chemotherapy. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TRT for ES-SCLC after first line chemoimmunotherapy.Methods ES-SCLC patients who received immunotherapy in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital has been retrospectively analyzed between January 2020 and November 2021. Patients were assigned to receive either TRT or no TRT. Oligo-metastatic disease was defined as 3 or less discrete distant metastases with no more than 2 organs. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed in two groups. The main outcome measures were progression-free survival (PFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and OS.Results 111 patients with ES-SCLC were enrolled in this study, the median OS was 14 months. 39 patients received TRT after chemoimmunotherapy (TRT group) and 72 patients did not receive TRT (no TRT group). TRT group improved OS (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34–0.99, p = 0.0445), PFS (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.38–0.90, p = 0.0149) and LRFS (HR 0.3, 95% CI 0.16–0.56, p = 0.0001). Further sub-cohort analysis, TRT significantly improved LRFS in patients with oligo-metastasis and without liver metastasis. This trend persisted after PSM. However, OS in oligo-metastasis and non-liver metastasis subgroup was without significant difference.Conclusion TRT improved LRFS, PFS and OS for ES-SCLC with thoracic residual after chemoimmunotherapy with well tolerated toxicity.
Collaborative Profit Tax Evasion, Wage Inequality and Income Distribution: A General Equilibrium Analysis
Authors: Wang Leonard F. S. , Sun Ji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, in a general equilibrium setting, we address the issue of collaborative profit tax evasion in a given number of homogenous Cournot oligopoly with the consensus of unskilled workers, wherein the profit-maximizing firm is over-reporting the wage payment to evade the corporate profit tax and the unskilled labor receives a part of cost-saving ex-ante. We show that (1) When there is collaborative profit tax evasion in industrial sector, the behavior of over-reporting production cost will incentivize manufacturing firms to produce more, thereby raise capital rental rate and skilled labor wage, while decrease unskilled labor wage; (2) A higher wage-saving sharing ratio will increase the total output of agricultural sector and decrease the output per firm in industrial sector which results in widening wage inequality and exacerbating income distribution, while narrowing income inequality and wage gap within industrial sector.
JEL Classifications: J31, O18, H25