bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of weld penetration prediction based on weld pool image and deep learning approach in gas tungsten arc welding
Authors: Baek Daehyun , Moon Hyeong Soon , Park Sang-Hu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) is a popular technology for joining metallic parts with high stability and quality. However, many GTAW-related processes are conducted manually, which is time-consuming and the weld quality strongly depends on the skill of the welder. Although various automatic GTAW methods and systems have been developed, controlling the weld quality remains a challenge because of the difficulties involved in predicting the weld quality, such as the penetration depth and backside bead geometry, during welding. Hence, this paper proposes an accurate and effective method for estimating the penetration depth through weld pool monitoring using a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on weld pool images. The weld pool images contained several objects, each influencing the prediction accuracy. The CNN architecture and the structure of the fully connected layers (FCLs) also affected the prediction accuracy. To optimize the performance of the estimation model, the effects of each object in the weld pool image and the structure of the CNN architecture were analyzed and evaluated. The structure of the FCLs that outputted a quantitative penetration depth was optimized and evaluated through hyperparameter tuning. With the proposed method, the optimized model could quantitatively predict the penetration depth; the mean absolute error was 0.0516 mm, with an R2 value of 0.998. Accurately predicting the penetration depth can be employed in real-time weld quality control to ensure a sound weld back bead.
Classification of molecular subtypes of breast cancer in whole-slide histopathological images using a deep learning algorithm
Authors: Kim Hyung Suk , Min Kyueng-Whan , Kim Jong Soo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Classification of molecular subtypes of breast cancer is widely used in clinical decision-making, leading to different treatment responses and clinical outcomes. We classified molecular subtypes using a novel deep learning algorithm in whole-slide histopathological images (WSIs) with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. We obtained 1,094 breast cancer cases with available hematoxylin and eosin-stained WSIs from the TCGA database. We applied a new deep learning algorithm for artificial neural networks (ANNs) that is completely different from the back-propagation method developed in previous studies. Our model based on the ANN algorithm had an accuracy of 67.8% for all datasets (training and testing), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.819 when classifying molecular subtypes of breast cancer. In approximately 30% of cases, the molecular subtype did not reflect the unique histological subtype, which lowered the accuracy. The set revealed relatively high sensitivity (70.5%) and specificity (84.4%). Our approach involving this ANN model has favorable diagnostic performance for molecular classification of breast cancer based on WSIs and could provide reliable results for planning treatment strategies.
Effect of intelligent interactive projection combined with a three-ball respiratory trainer on shoulder mobility and pulmonary function in post- thoracic surgery patients: an interventional study
Authors: Ma Guojing , Yue Qin , Zhao Dan , Ma Xiaoli , Wang Min , Li Fanfan , Wang Xiaolan , Wang Ting , Wang Panpan , Ba Hailan , Ma Minjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
The study aimed to investigate the impact of combining intelligent interactive projection with a three-ball respiratory trainer on shoulder mobility and pulmonary function in post-thoracic surgery patients.
Methods
A total of seventy-four patients admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2023 to April 2023 were selected for this intervention study. The control group received conventional nursing care, while the intervention group underwent exercises using the Intelligent Interactive Projection Combined with the Three-Ball Breathing Trainer to improve upper limb function and lung function. After excluding some patients, a total of 70 patients completed the study. The study compared the shoulder joint mobility, lung function, chest tube retention time, and occurrence of subcutaneous emphysema during hospitalization between the two groups.
Results
The intervention group showed significantly higher mobility in supination, posterior extension, and external rotation compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The combination of the intelligent interactive projection system and the three-ball respiratory trainer has been shown to effectively enhance the recovery of patients' upper limb function and lung function. Additionally, this combination provides patients with a more comprehensive nursing intervention, ultimately improving the overall quality of care and facilitating postoperative recovery.
Headache-related characteristics of biopsy-confirmed giant cell arteritis and the relationship of transmural inflammation with artery tenderness and chordal thickening
Authors: shimohama sho , Imai Noboru , Tsubata Takuya , Shinohara Kei , Moriya Asami , Yagi Nobuyasu , Konishi Takashi , Serizawa Masahiro , Tashiro Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is characterised by headache, but few studies have examined detailed characteristics in pathologically confirmed cases. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of GCA, particularly headache, and their correlation with pathologic findings. We retrospectively analysed 26 patients (median age: 77.5 years, male: 38.4%) with GCA who underwent superficial temporal artery (STA) biopsy at the Japanese Red Cross Shizuoka Hospital between May 2001 and February 2022. All patients fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology and European League Against Rheumatism diagnostic criteria for GCA. We focused on the relationship between clinical features, especially headache, and pathologic findings. Twenty-four patients had unilateral, non-pulsating, intermittent headaches. Transmural inflammation (TMI), a characteristic pathology of GCA, was present in 14 patients. Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between TMI and STA tenderness (odds ratio [OR]=11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14 to 106.43, p=0.046) and between TMI and STA chordal thickening (OR=0.19, 95% CI 0.068 to 0.52, p=0.021). Headache in GCA patients was often unilateral, non-pulsatile, and intermittent. This study highlights the significant association of TMI with STA tenderness and ligamentous thickening, which has not been reported previously. Abnormal STA findings were significantly associated with pathologic changes in GCA, emphasising their importance in suspecting GCA.
Colour change in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers by disruption of the anthocyanin pathway via ribonucleoprotein complex delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system
Authors: Wulff-Vester Anders , Andersson Mariette , Brurberg May Bente , Hofvander Per , Alsheikh Muath , Harwood Wendy , Hvoslef-Eide Trine 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Potato is an important part of the traditional Norwegian diet, and the crop faces several challenges with respect to pests and diseases, as well as the increasingly challenging changes in climate. Genome editing may provide tools to improve the resilience of Norwegian potato cultivars to new climate challenges. We have altered the skin colour of two potato cultivars, ‘Desirée’ and ‘Nansen’ from red to yellow, as a proof-of-concept for the use of CRISPR/Cas9 in a Norwegian cultivar. Our method has involved the use of protoplasts and we have grown the regenerants for three successive clonal tuber generations to evaluate the stability of the edited plants over time and under varying temperature conditions in contained rooms in a greenhouse. We found that the protoplast method is well suited to achieving CRISPR/Cas9 applications. The results show that the yellow skin is consistent over the three generations of tuber propagation. We found some suspected somaclonal variation in the regenerants. Some of the variation which we observed under high temperatures (up to nearly 40ºC) during the second growth cycle, disappeared when cultivated under lower temperatures in the third cultivation cycle.
A Novel Approach to Voice of Customer Extraction using GPT-3.5 Turbo: Linking Advanced NLP and Lean Six Sigma 4.0
Authors: Shahin Mohammad , Chen F. Frank , Hosseinzadeh Ali , Maghanaki Mazdak , Eghbalian Ayda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research breaks new ground by utilizing the advanced natural language processing (NLP) capabilities of OpenAI's GPT-3.5 Turbo model for the extraction of Voice of Customer (VoC) data from online customer support interactions on Twitter. Traditional methods of VoC extraction have typically fallen short in capturing the richness and nuance of customer sentiment. Contemporary Machine Learning (ML) approaches, while improved, still struggle to interpret the contextual subtleties of digital customer communications effectively. This study showcases the innovative deployment of GPT-3.5 Turbo, demonstrating its superior performance in extracting VoC through a deeper understanding of conversational context and a more intuitive, chat-based data processing. Furthermore, the large-scale, multilingual processing capabilities of this model offer a more comprehensive and inclusive analysis of VoC. The study ties these advancements to Lean Six Sigma 4.0, illustrating how the integration of GPT-3.5 Turbo's transformative capabilities can elevate the customer-centric approach of Lean Six Sigma in the era of Industry 4.0. This innovative exploration points to a significant evolution in VoC analysis, offering potential for more insightful, real-time data-driven customer service strategies and a more substantial foundation for decision-making in product development and process improvement. Future research is encouraged to validate these preliminary findings and to investigate ethical considerations associated with the use of such advanced NLP models.
The proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene (pcna) plays a key role in ovarian development in the ridgetail white prawn, Exopalaemon carinicauda
Authors: Hua Songsong , Li Wanying , Du Zhengwei , Zhou Xinyu , Zhang Sichen , Zhang Huimin , Baloch Wazir Ali , Yan Binlun , Gao Huan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The ridgetail white prawn, Exopalaemon carinicauda, has advantages in its rapid growth and strong environmental adaptability, and it is a good species for the biological research of crustaceans. To explore the function of the pcna gene in the ovarian development of crustaceans, we cloned the pcna (Ec-pcna) from E. carinicauda. The open reading frame of the pcna is 786 bp, and it encodes a total of 261 aa. A PCNA/RFC (replication factor C) domain exists at 208–254 aa, and according to a phylogenetic analysis, the amino acid sequence of Ec-pcna has the highest similarity with the pcna gene from Litopenaeus vannamei, and it is clustered into one branch with L. vannamei and Penaeus monodon. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of pcna was highest in the ovarian tissue of E. carinicauda, and it was significantly higher than that of other tissues (p < 0.05). In addition, the expression level gradually increased in Stages I-III of ovarian development, with the expression level in Stage III being significantly higher compared to the other stages (p < 0.05). The protein overexpression analysis showed that the overexpression of the PCNA protein was due to an overexpression of cell cycle-related genes cdk2 and cyclin A, and accelerated ovarian development. Immunohistochemical results showed that pcna played an important role in the accumulation of exogenous nutrients. Moreover, the RNAi results showed that knocking down the expression of the pcna gene can significantly reduce the expression of the gene Vg, related to vitelline, indicating that pcna has a regulatory effect on the expression of Vg. Based on the results of flow cytometry, we speculate that the decreasing of vg expression level in the ovary may be caused by the inhibition of follicular cell polyploidization.This study showed that pcna plays an important role in the proliferation of ovarian cells and the accumulation of exogenous nutrients in E. carinicauda.
Microbiome transplant and host genetic background shape Daphnia tolerance: Implications for ecological and ecotoxicological effect assessment
Authors: El-Shehawy Rehab , Luecke-Johansson Sandra , Brindefalk Björn , Breitholtz Magnus , Gorokhova Elena 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Daphnia magna is a classic model in ecological, evolutionary, and ecotoxicological research. Despite global efforts to standardize cultures and experimental procedures, interclonal variability remains a limitation in interpreting and understanding responses to field and experimental conditions. Different microbiomes can lead to varying baseline responses of test organisms to stressors, making it challenging to distinguish between stressor-induced effects and inherent microbiome-driven variability. Here, we demonstrate that clone-specific microbiome composition is a significant part of the host tolerance to xenobiotics.
Results
To address the role of the gut microbiome in toxicity assessment, we developed a microbiota transplant approach and applied it to investigate how three D. magna clones respond to toxicity of hexavalent chromium. We found that interclonal variability in the lethality decreased in concert with the homogenization of taxonomic composition and metabolic capacity of the microbiome in the daphnid lines subjected to the microbiome transplant.
Conclusion
The microbiome was a primary driver of the host response to the toxicant; moreover, the direction of the response to the microbiome transplant was clone-dependent. In ecology and ecotoxicology, the microbiome transplantation approach can enhance the reproducibility of effect studies and robustness of ecological thresholds by limiting the confounding effect of microbiota composition. It also offers opportunities for research focused on how the microbiota shapes host physiology in health and disease.
Fabrication of vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel via UV-curing
Authors: Chen Zhaoqi , Xiao Na , Han Ping , Wang Zhao , Li Zhengxin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper presents an additive manufacturing UV-curing successful fabrication of vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel. High-performance vitrified bond was obtained by high-temperature melting of SiO2-B2O3-Al2O3-Na2O ceramic raw materials and used for grinding wheel preparation. UV-curing technology is characterized by high precision in shaping, fast processing speed, and superior quality, making it a promising technology for the fabrication of vitrified bond diamond grinding wheels. In order to meet the requirements for UV-curing of the grinding wheels, the preparation of vitrified bond slurry with high solid content and low viscosity was extensively investigated. The effects of dispersant, particle size of vitrified bond, and solid content on the viscosity of the slurry were systematically analyzed. Furthermore, in order to explore the optimal formulation of the grinding wheel, debinding and sintering conditions, sintering temperature, grit-to-bond ratio, and the evaluation of the grinding performance of the wheel on hard and brittle materials such as silicon carbide ceramic were studied. The results show that the vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel exhibits optimal comprehensive performance with a sintering temperature of 680°C and a grit-to-bond ratio of 7:3. The minimum surface roughness of the workpiece after grinding is 1.767 µm, the material removal rate is 5.08 mg/s, the grinding ratio is 9.78, and the friction coefficient is stabilized at about 0.5 during grinding. This paper provides guidance for the manufacture of vitrified bond diamond grinding wheels by UV-curing.
Effects of Low-Laser Therapy and LED- mediated Photobiomodulation on pulp canal volume of maxillary first premolars undergoing orthodontic tooth movement – A pilot study
Authors: Staverescu Raluca , Wong Alice , Petocz Peter , Foley Matthew , Dalci Oyku , Darendeliler M. Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) and LED – mediated Photobiomodulation(LED-PBM) on pulp volume of maxillary first premolars.
Materials and Methods
Seventy-six micro-CT scans of maxillary first premolars were collected as part of two randomized clinical trials. All premolars were subjected to 150g buccal tipping force for 4 weeks. Twenty premolars received LLLT and 18 premolars had received LED-PBM while their contra-lateral teeth were served as controls. Premolars were then extracted as part of the treatment plan. The volume of the tooth roots and pulp canal were then analysed.
Results
The average pulp volume for premolars received LLLT and the controls were 19.71mm3 and 17.95mm3 respectively. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.135). The average pulpal volume for LED-PBM premolars and the controls were 14.11mm3 and 15.65mm3 respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.193) either. Univariate analysis of variance indicated that the application of LLLT or LED-PBM does not result in statistical difference changes in pulpal volume. There was no correlation between pulp volume change and difference in the total amount of root resorption caters developed following the application of LLLT and LED-PBM.
Conclusion
No significant difference was found on the pulp canal volume of maxillary first premolars between experimental and control groups when LLLT or LED-PBM was applied for 4 weeks in addition to 150g of orthodontic force.
Clinical Relevance:
The use of LLLT or LED-PBM has no known effects on pulp tissues.
Chitosan for the control of Meloidogyne javanica and resistance induction in soybean
Authors: Schwan Vitor Vargas , Kuligoski Luisa Richart , Oliveira Juliana Santos Batista , Schwan-Estrada Kátia Regina Freitas , Dias-Arieira Cláudia Regina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Chitosan is an antimicrobial polysaccharide with potential to control nematodes and elicit plant defense responses. This study aimed to assess the effect of seed treatment with chitosan on the control of Meloidogyne javanica and resistance induction in soybean. In vitro and greenhouse experiments were performed to investigate the effects of chitosan treatments on nematode egg hatching rate, root penetration and reproduction, glyceollin production, and activation of the enzymes guaiacol peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and catalase (CAT). Chitosan inhibited in vitro egg hatching by up to 99%. Seed treatment reduced M. javanica penetration and development in soybean roots. There was an 81% reduction in nematode reproduction on roots. Seed treatment with chitosan induced the activation of the enzymes POX, PPO, PAL, and CAT as well as phytoalexin biosynthesis. These findings demonstrate that chitosan treatment of soybean seeds is effective in controlling M. javanica and inducing plant resistance.
Adrenocortical suppression in children with nephrotic syndrome treated with corticosteroids
Authors: Krishna Ganesh M , Dabas Aashima , Mantan Mukta , M Akshay Kumar , Goswami Binita 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: While single morning cortisol values are used for screening, an ACTH stimulation test is more definitive to identify adrenocortical suppression in children with nephrotic syndrome.
Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled children (2-18 years) with both SSNS (n=27) and SRNS (n=25); those on daily prednsiolone or having serious bacterial infections or hospitalized were excluded. The primary objective was to determine prevalence of adrenocortical suppression in those on low dose alternate day steroids for more than 8 weeks or having received >2mg/kg/d for more than 2 weeks in past 1 year and currently in remission. A baseline morning fasting sample of serum cortisol was taken and 25 IU of ACTH (Acton Prolongatum*) injected intramuscularly and repeat serum cortisol sample was taken after 1 hour. All patients with 1 hr post ACTH cortisol <18.0 µgm/dl were diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency. Receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to predict the prednisolone dose for adrenal insufficiency.
Results: 52 (33 males) children were enrolled (meanage 9.4years);proportion of adrenal insufficiency was 50% and 64% using baseline and poststimulationcutoffs. The total cumulative annual dose of prednisolone 0.22 mg/kg/day predicted adrenocortical suppression with AUC 0.76 (95% CI as 0.63-0.89), with a sensitivity of 63.9% and specificity of 81.3%.
Conclusions: A significant proportion of children with nephrotic syndrome were detected with adrenal insufficiency on ACTH stimulation test. A cumulative steroid intake of > 0.22 mg/kg/day emerged as a risk factor for predicting adrenocortical suppression.
Cancer drug sensitivity prediction from routine histology images
Authors: Dawood Muhammad , Vu Quoc , Young Lawrence , Branson Kim , Jones Louise , Rajpoot Nasir , Minhas Fayyaz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Drug sensitivity prediction models can aid in personalising cancer therapy, biomarker discovery, and drug design. Such models require survival data from randomized controlled trials which can be time consuming and expensive. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate for the first time that deep learning can link histological patterns in whole slide images (WSIs) of Haematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) stained breast cancer sections with drug sensitivities inferred from cell lines. We employ patient-wise drug sensitivities imputed from gene expression based mapping of drug effects on cancer cell lines to train a deep learning model that predicts sensitivity to multiple drugs from WSIs. We show that it is possible to use routine WSIs to predict the drug sensitivity profile of a cancer patient for a number of approved and experimental drugs. We also show that the proposed approach can identify cellular and histological patterns associated with drug sensitivity profiles of cancer patients.
Thermodynamic characteristics of Extreme Heat Waves over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Shi Ning , Liu Wencai , Huang Qilei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In August 2022, an exceptionally long-lasting heat wave (HW) affected the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. This study uses the JRA55 daily reanalysis datasets to elucidate the daily heat budget of historical extreme HWs in this region. The HWs are generally characterized by the occurrence of anticyclonic circulation anomalies, which affect air temperature through both adiabatic and diabatic processes. On one hand, they induce evident descent motion in the entire troposphere, and the produced compression heating becomes the primary contributor. Simultaneously, the eastward warm advection is evident in the lower troposphere. On the other hand, more shortwave radiation reaches the ground surface, and the sensible heat flux becomes the important source of the diabatic heating before the onset of the HWs. After the peak day of the HWs, the accumulated excessive heat is primarily offset through the emission of longwave radiation and meridional thermal advection. The prolonged adiabatic heating processes and weakened diabatic cooling effect are the main factors contributing to the extreme persistence of the HWs in August 2022. The upper level portion of the anticyclonic circulation anomalies is linked to the strengthened South Asia High. After applying the state-of-art dynamic metric, i.e., local finite wave activity, we reveal that the formation of the anomalous South Asia High in August 2022 is associated with the Stokes drift flux, rather than the dispersion of Rossby wave energy. This characteristic sets it apart from other extreme HWs.