bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical care pharmacists have a rich history and evolving roles
Authors: Jacobi Judith , Kane‐Gill Sandra , Boucher Bradley 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCritical care (CC) pharmacists have been contributing to patient outcomes, team effectiveness, education, research and quality improvement for approximately 50 years. Current CC specialists are evolving the practice, science and scholarship into new and exciting areas as described in the series of articles collected for a special series in this journal. To summarize past accomplishments and contemplate how next level achievements may develop, brainstorming by experienced CC specialists, researchers, educators, and scholars was done to establish a foundation for this paper and three of that group summarized it into an overview of the challenges of the past and opportunities that are shaping the future. A small group of CC pharmacists identified need and opportunity to improve patient care in a limited number of settings but subsequent CC pharmacists have expanded into numerous specialties and subspecialties. Comprehensive medication management of CC patients and survivors of their critical illness is now a standard, but delivery may be influenced by new technology and equipment. Improved quality of care and outcome measures are being developed and measured. The imperative to move practice forward and adopt new practices while maintaining a core set of guideline‐based practices may be facilitated by technology such as wearable devices, personalized medicine, machine learning or artificial intelligence. However, these new tools may create new obstacles. Similar changes in education and expansion into administrative roles afford new opportunities and challenges. CC pharmacists have created a solid foundation, but continued growth in number and expansion of roles requires the next generation to continue to push ahead and continue to demonstrate value in key areas.
Short‐ and long‐term outcomes of laparoscopic radical gallbladder resection for gallbladder carcinoma: A multi‐institutional retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Minagawa Takuya , Itano Osamu , Hasegawa Shinichiro , Wada Hiroshi , Abe Yuta , Kitago Minoru , Katsura Yoshiteru , Takeda Yutaka , Adachi Tomohiko , Eguchi Susumu , Oshima Go , Aiko Satoshi , Ome Yusuke , Kobayashi Toshiki , Hashida Kazuki , Nara Satoshi , Esaki Minoru , Watanabe Jota , Ohtani Hiromi , Endo Yutaka , Shirobe Takashi , Tokumitsu Yukio , Nagano Hiroaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground/PurposeLaparoscopic resection of gallbladder carcinomas remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the surgical and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic procedures for suspected gallbladder carcinoma (GBC).MethodsIn this retrospective study, data regarding suspected GBC treated with laparoscopic radical cholecystectomy before 2020 in Japan, was included. Patient characteristics, surgical procedure details, surgical outcomes, and long‐term outcomes were analyzed.ResultsData of 129 patients with suspected GBC who underwent laparoscopic radical cholecystectomy were retrospectively collected from 11 institutions in Japan. Among them, 82 patients with pathological GBC were included in the study. Laparoscopic gallbladder bed resection was performed in 114 patients and laparoscopic resection of segments IVb and V was performed in 15 patients. The median operation time was 269 min (range: 83–725 min), and the median intraoperative blood loss was 30 mL (range: 0–950 mL). The conversion and postoperative complication rates were 8% and 2%, respectively. During the follow‐up period, the 5‐year overall survival rate was 79% and the 5‐year disease‐free survival rate was 87%. Recurrence was detected in the liver, lymph nodes, and other local tissues.ConclusionLaparoscopic radical cholecystectomy is a treatment option with potential favorable outcomes in selected patients with suspected GBC.
A chitosan N‐ium acetate catalyzed Michael‐aldol‐dehydration‐imino‐Diels‐Alder reaction: One‐pot synthesis of new angular acridine‐fused heterocycles
Authors: Atara Hiralben D. , Brahmbhatt Gaurangkumar C. , Parmar Vishalkumar M. , Barot Avinashkumar A. , Sutariya Tushar R. , Parmar Narsidas J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA highly efficient domino protocol, Michael‐aldol‐dehydration‐imino‐Diels‐Alder (MAD‐IDA) reaction, that allows the intermediate MAD to combine effectively with the arylamine released from the slow reduction of nitroarene via IDA reaction has been described and several new V‐shaped acridine‐heterocycles have been synthesized after stirring 2‐mercapto‐quinoline‐carbaldehydes/2‐mercapto‐pyridine carbaldehyde/2‐hydroxy‐naphthaldehyde, citral/croton‐aldehyde, and NaSH in chitosan N‐ium acetate in aqueous ethanol at room temperature. The stereo and regioselectivities of the reaction were confirmed by the 2D NMR experiment and the density functional theory level calculations.
Sexual violence and antiretroviral adherence among women of reproductive age in African population‐based surveys: the moderating role of the perinatal phase
Authors: Schrubbe Leah A. , Stöckl Heidi , Hatcher Abigail M. , Calvert Clara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionWomen face challenges in antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and achieving viral suppression despite progress in the expansion of HIV treatment. Evidence suggests that violence against women (VAW) is an important determinant of poor ART adherence in women living with HIV (WLH). In our study, we examine the association of sexual VAW and ART adherence among WLH and assess whether this association varies by whether women are pregnant/breastfeeding or not.MethodsA pooled analysis was conducted among WLH from Population‐Based HIV Impact Assessment cross‐sectional surveys (2015−2018) from nine sub‐Saharan African countries. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between lifetime sexual violence and suboptimal ART adherence (≥1 missed day in the past 30 days) among reproductive age WLH on ART, and to assess whether there was any evidence for interaction by pregnancy/breastfeeding status, after adjusting for key confounders.ResultsA total of 5038 WLH on ART were included. Among all included women, the prevalence of sexual violence was 15.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.3%−17.1%) and the prevalence of suboptimal ART adherence was 19.8% (95% CI: 18.1%−21.5%). Among only pregnant and breastfeeding women, the prevalence of sexual violence was 13.1% (95% CI: 9.5%−16.8%) and the prevalence of suboptimal ART adherence was 20.1% (95% CI: 15.7%−24.5%). Among all included women, there was evidence for an association between sexual violence and suboptimal ART adherence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.25−2.28). There was evidence that the association between sexual violence and ART adherence varied by pregnant/breastfeeding status (p = 0.004). Pregnant and breastfeeding women with a history of sexual violence had higher odds of suboptimal ART adherence (aOR: 4.11, 95% CI: 2.13−7.92) compared to pregnant and breastfeeding women without a history of sexual violence, while among non‐pregnant and non‐breastfeeding women, this association was attenuated (aOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.00−1.93).ConclusionsSexual violence is associated with women's suboptimal ART adherence in sub‐Saharan Africa, with a greater effect among pregnant and breastfeeding WLH. To improve women's HIV outcomes and to achieve the elimination of vertical transmission of HIV, violence prevention efforts within maternity services and HIV care and treatment should be a policy priority.
Trends in the incidence of cirrhosis in global from 1990 to 2019: A joinpoint and age‐period‐cohort analysis
Authors: Wu Zenghong , Wang Weijun , Zhang Kun , Fan Mengke , Lin Rong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCirrhosis remains a major public health concern globally; the burden of cirrhosis should be further clarified worldwide and helped us to understand the current situation of cirrhosis. In the present study, we estimate DALYs and mortality rates attributable to several major cirrhosis risk factors and use joinpoint and age‐period‐cohort methods to determine the trends of cirrhosis incidence and deaths in the global population in the 1990–2019 period. Globally, from 1990 to 2019, the incidence of cirrhosis, deaths due to cirrhosis, and cirrhosis DALY cases increased from 1274 (103, 95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 1027.2–1548.5) to 2051.6 (103, 95% UI: 1661.4–2478.1), 1013 (103, 95% UI: 948.9–1073.9) to 1472 (103, 95% UI: 1374.6–1578.7), and 34727.7 (103, 95% UI: 32383.0–37132.8) to 46189.4 (103, 95% UI: 43027.1–49551.3), respectively. Hepatitis virus was the most important cirrhosis mortality risk factor. Globally, hepatitis virus infection (HBV+HCV) accounted for more than 45% of the incidence of cirrhosis cases and about 50% of cirrhosis deaths. Importantly, from 1990 to 2019, the proportion of cirrhosis incidence due to HBV decreased from 24.3% to 19.8%, whereas that due to alcohol use increased from 18.7% to 21.3%. Additionally, the proportion of NAFLD‐induced cirrhosis incidence increased from 5.5% to 6.6% over the same period. Our findings on the global disease burden of cirrhosis provide a valuable resource for developing targeted prevention strategies.
MicroRNA‐34a‐5p promotes the progression of osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip by restraining SESN2‐induced autophagy
Authors: Wang Jun , Li Xiaopeng , Guo Xiang , Wang Congcong , Liu Zezhong , Liu Xiaoguang , Sun Yanshan , Chen Xiaohua , Zhang Yimin , Chen Gaoyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA), a late‐stage complication of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), is a key factor leading to further degeneration of joint function. Studies have shown that Sestrin2 (SESN2) is a positive regulator in protecting articular cartilage from degradation. However, the regulatory effects of SESN2 on DDH‐OA and its upstream regulators remain obscure. Here, we first identified that the expression of SESN2 significantly decreased in the cartilage of DDH‐OA samples, with an expression trend negatively correlated with OA severity. Using RNA sequencing, we identified that the upregulation of miR‐34a‐5p may be an important factor for the decrease in SESN2 expression. Further exploring the regulation mechanism of miR‐34a‐5p/SESN2 is of great significance for understanding the mechanism of DDH occurrence and development. Mechanistically, we showed that miR‐34a‐5p could significantly inhibit the expression of SESN2, thereby promoting the activity of the mTOR signaling pathway. We also found that miR‐34a‐5p significantly inhibited SESN2‐induced autophagy, thereby suppressing the proliferation and migration of chondrocytes. We further validated that knocking down miR‐34a‐5p in vivo resulted in a significant increase in SESN2 expression and autophagy activity in DDH‐OA cartilage. Our study suggests that miR‐34a‐5p is a negative regulator of DDH‐OA, and may provide a new target for the prevention of DDH‐OA.
Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets
Authors: Si Qingying , Wu Linlin , Pang Deshui , Jiang Pei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExosomes are extracellular vesicles with diameters of about 100 nm that are naturally secreted by cells into body fluids. They are derived from endosomes and are wrapped in lipid membranes. Exosomes are involved in intracellular metabolism and intercellular communication. They contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites from the cell microenvironment and cytoplasm. The contents of exosomes can reflect their cells’ origin and allow the observation of tissue changes and cell states under disease conditions. Naturally derived exosomes have specific biomolecules that act as the “fingerprint” of the parent cells, and the contents changed under pathological conditions can be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Exosomes have low immunogenicity, are small in size, and can cross the blood–brain barrier. These characteristics make exosomes unique as engineering carriers. They can incorporate therapeutic drugs and achieve targeted drug delivery. Exosomes as carriers for targeted disease therapy are still in their infancy, but exosome engineering provides a new perspective for cell‐free disease therapy. This review discussed exosomes and their relationship with the occurrence and treatment of some neuropsychiatric diseases. In addition, future applications of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders were evaluated in this review.
Recurrent motor branch neuropathy in carpal tunnel syndrome: An ultrasound study
Authors: Picasso Riccardo , Zaottini Federico , Pistoia Federico , Beronio Alessandro , Bovis Francesca , Hamedani Mehrnaz , Schenone Angelo , Martinoli Carlo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsThe reason for the variable rate of progression of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) to thenar muscles impairment is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of ultrasound signs of recurrent motor branch (RMB) neuropathy in patients with CTS and to correlate imaging findings with clinical and electrophysiological data.MethodsTwo cohorts were recruited, one consisting of CTS patients with electrodiagnostic evidence of prolonged median distal motor latency from wrist to thenar eminence and another consisting of sex‐ and age‐matched healthy controls. Ultrasound reliability of RMB measurement was assessed by the calculation of the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Patients were evaluated with electrodiagnostic tests and asked to complete the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. The difference between the RMB diameter in patients and controls was analyzed using a t test. Correlations between RMB diameter and other parameters were assessed using linear mixed models.Results46 hands from 32 patients with CTS and 50 hands from 50 controls were evaluated. The intra‐ and interobserver agreements in RMB measurement were very good (ICC = 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75 to 0.90) and good (ICC = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.87). The RMB diameter was significantly larger in patients than in controls (P < .0001). No significant correlation was found between the RMB diameter and other variables, except for BMI and median nerve cross‐sectional area.DiscussionUltrasound is reliable in identifying the RMB and characterizing its abnormalities. In this patient cohort, ultrasound allowed for detection of definite signs of RMB compression neuropathy.
Nursing managers' perspectives on facilitators of and barriers to evidence‐based practice: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hosseini‐Moghaddam Fatemeh , Mohammadpour Ali , Bahri Narjes , Mojalli Mohamad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the facilitators and barriers to evidence‐based practice (EBP) from the perspective of Iranian nursing managers.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsData were collected from 335 top nursing managers of Iran. The research instruments included three electronic questionnaires for demographics, facilitators and barriers of evidence‐based practice. Descriptive statistics and appropriate analysis tests were used to clarify the strength of relationships between the factors.ResultsA total of 277 nursing managers participated in the study (response rate of 82%). Iranian nursing managers believed that organizational factors were the most important domain for both facilitators (34.7 ± 9.2) and barriers (28.37 ± 6.2) to EBP. Regarding the Perspectives of nursing managers on Necessity and Extent of EBP implementation, 79.8% (n = 221) considered EBP to be essential, while 45.8% (n = 127) regarded its implementation as moderate.
Relationships between nursing leadership and organizational, staff and patient outcomes: A systematic review of reviews
Authors: Hult Marja , Terkamo‐Moisio Anja , Kaakinen Pirjo , Karki Suyen , Nurmeksela Anu , Palonen Mira , Peltonen Laura‐Maria , Häggman‐Laitila Arja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo assess and describe reviews of nursing leadership styles associated with organizational, staff and patient outcomes.DesignA systematic review of reviews.MethodsReviews describing a search strategy and quality assessment. The review followed the PRISMA statement. Nine databases were searched in February 2022.ResultsAfter screening 6992 records, 12 reviews were included reporting 85 outcomes for 17 relational, nine task‐oriented, five passive and five destructive leadership styles. Transformational leadership, which is one of the relational styles, was the most studied among all the styles. Of the outcomes, staff outcomes were the most reported, notably job satisfaction, and patient outcomes were less reported. Also, mediating factors between relational leadership styles and staff and patient outcomes were identified.ConclusionExtensive research shows the beneficial impacts of relational leadership; however, destructive leadership research is lacking. Relational leadership styles should be conceptually assessed. More research is needed on how nurse leadership affects patients and organizations.
Helpful social support for chronic pain in long‐term care residents: “With a little help I manage on my own”
Authors: de Matos Marta Osório , Bernardes Sónia Figueira 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo understand older adults' experiences of receiving formal pain‐related social support and to identify which caregivers' responses are perceived as (un)helpful to chronic pain adjustment.BackgroundChronic pain is highly prevalent in long‐term care residents, negatively impacting their psychological, physical and social functioning. However, research has lacked to address the extent to which residents' experiences with staff responses, to their pain, may influence chronic pain outcomes.DesignQualitative study.MethodsTwenty‐nine older adults (7 men, 22 women, Mage = 87.7) were interviewed online through semi‐structured interviews, and a thematic analysis was conducted. COREQ guidelines were followed.ResultsTwo main themes emerged: (1) support during a pain crisis aiming at its relief and (2) support with daily activities because of pain to overcome pain interference. Findings indicate pain‐related support is helpful when residents feel their psychological and functional autonomy is protected, and the interactions convey connection and intimacy. Furthermore, residents actively try to shape the support to be received. Also, gender roles and expectations seem to influence pain‐related supportive interactions.ConclusionPain‐related social support may contribute to the maintenance of older adults' health status and autonomy, ensuring a fulfilling and healthy aging process despite chronic pain.Relevance to Clinical PracticeFindings can inform effective pain‐related care practices in long‐term care, regarding (1) how residents can shape the support they need; (2) which kind of support should be provided, and (3) how caregivers and organizations should provide pain‐related support.Patient or Public ContributionOlder adults who participated in the study were recruited from 3 long‐term care facilities in Lisbon, in which they resided for longer than 3 months, had persistent/intermittent pain for more than 3 months; were able to maintain a conversation, recollect real episodes, and to fully provide informed consent to participate.
Effect of family integrated care on breastfeeding of preterm infants: A scoping review
Authors: Ding Lijing , Chen Yanli , Zhang Wenyan , Song Jianqi , Yao Xiao , Wan Yue , Huang Rong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsThe aims are to describe the key components of family integrated care intervention for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and assess the impact on breastfeeding outcomes for those infants.DesignA scoping review.MethodsWe conducted a systematic study search based on the databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL, CNKI and Wanfang Database in December 2022. The search time ranged from database establishment to 31 December 2022. Papers by manual searching were also listed on the references. We adopted Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual methodology and followed the PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) to conduct the review. Two independent reviewers filtered the papers, extracted data and synthesized the findings. A table was used to extract data and synthesize results.ResultsAfter systematic searching, 11 articles that implemented family integrated care (FIcare) were finally included in this scoping review. By analysing the implementation of this nursing model, we identified seven main components: NICU staff training, parent education, parent participation in infants' care, parent involvement in medical plans, peer support, NICU environmental support and mobile app for parents. Based on the extracted breastfeeding data, this scoping review concludes that family integrated care shows a positive effect on increasing breastfeeding rates at discharge. Through this scoping review, we find that family integrated care is feasible and it can support breastfeeding of preterm infants. Further studies will be needed to provide more evidence that family integrated care could facilitate breastfeeding of preterm infants.ImpactThis scoping review provides evidence for the positive role of family integrated care on breastfeeding outcomes. The analysis may contribute to the implementation of family integrated care.No patient or public contributionNo further public or patient contribution was made in view of the review‐based nature of the research.
How to measure the angle of repose of hazardous substances in the test centres for dangerous goods packagings
Authors: Schlick‐Hasper Eva , Bethke John , Goedecke Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe flow properties of powdery or granular filling substances for dangerous goods packagings are safety‐relevant parameters. To specify the flow behaviour, the angle of repose is measured in the recognized test centres for dangerous goods packagings in Germany. Previous investigations performed on non‐hazardous substances revealed that some of the methods currently used have disadvantages in application. Additionally, for occupational health and safety reasons, it was generally viewed critically to carry out measurements of the angle of repose for dangerous goods at all. Instead, the dimensionless Hausner ratio to describe the flow behaviour was proposed. In this work, the investigations were extended to real hazardous substances to concretize the assessment. Five exemplary hazardous substances were tested for their angle of repose using the methods commonly applied in the test centres. The Hausner ratio was also determined. In addition, the influence of a different climatic preconditioning on the angle of repose measurement was examined using three selected non‐hazardous bulk materials. The results show that the measurement of the angle of repose is not fundamentally excluded for dangerous goods. However, for reasons of applicability, repeatability and occupational health and safety, only the ISO method can be applied for dangerous filling substances. This method provides conservative results regarding a safety‐related evaluation of flow properties for the transport of dangerous goods. In principle, both the ISO method and the determination of the Hausner ratio can be used for dangerous goods. It is also essential especially with finely powdered filling goods, to carry out controlled preconditioning.