bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily aggression domains differentially relate to daily affect and self‐esteem
Authors: Webster Gregory D. , Nezlek John B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHow do daily fluctuations in aggression relate to daily variability in affect and self‐esteem? Although research has examined how trait aggression relates to affect and self‐esteem, state aggression has received little attention. To this end, we had 120 US undergraduates participate in a 14‐day daily diary study where they responded to state‐level measures of aggression, affect, and self‐esteem. Crucially, we used multifaceted state measures of both aggression (anger, hostility, verbal aggression, physical aggression) and affect (positive vs. negative, activated vs. deactivated). Multilevel models revealed that daily anger and hostility related positively to daily negative affect and negatively to daily positive affect. Similarly, daily anger and hostility related negatively to daily self‐esteem. In contrast, daily verbal and physical aggression were largely unrelated to daily affect and self‐esteem; however, unexpectedly, daily physical aggression related positively to daily positive activated affect, but only when controlling for the other daily aggression domains. Overall, daily attitudinal aggression measures—anger and hostility—related to daily affect and self‐esteem in theoretically consistent ways, whereas daily behavioral aggression measures—verbal and physical aggression—did not. Our findings support expanding the General Aggression Model to incorporate state‐level processes.
Developmental trajectories of number line estimations in math anxiety: Evidence from bounded and unbounded number line estimation
Authors: Ashkenazi Sarit , Cohen Nitzan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMathematical anxiety (MA) is a feeling of tension and anxiety that interferes with the manipulation of numbers and the solution of mathematical problems. Past studies have shown that high MA individuals experience difficulties at different levels and domains of mathematics, and that MA results from weakness in spatial abilities, subsequent to deficits in basic numerical abilities. Hence, the main goal of the present study is to examine developmental trajectories of number space associations and their role in MA. In the present study, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th grade children (n = 94) participated in number line estimation tasks, half with low MA (LMA) and half with high MA (HMA). They performed two number line estimation tasks (bounded‐ with numerical values for beginning and end of the number line, or unbounded‐ only the beginning of the number line is marked) in addition to examination of strategy during arithmetical problems. Results indicated that younger children with HMA showed non‐mature numerical estimations compared to participants with LMA. However, for older HMA children, estimations were normalized and group differences were eliminated. Moreover, we found that estimations predicted usage of advanced memory‐based strategies in simple addition operations. These results indicated that (1) non‐mature numerical estimations characterize younger participants with MA, and (2) that numerical estimations are associated with arithmetical performances.
To believe or not to believe: Personality, cognitive, and emotional factors involving fake news perceived accuracy
Authors: Taurino Alessandro , Colucci Maria Hedwig , Bottalico Morena , Franco Tamara Patrizia , Volpe Giuseppe , Violante Mariagrazia , Grattagliano Ignazio , Laera Domenico 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhat are the factors that influence individuals' belief in fake news? A structured survey was conducted to examine the impact of cognitive, emotional, and personality factors on the perceived accuracy of fake news. This study utilizes certain facets of the Personality Inventory of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (PID‐5‐Adult trait) to investigate the phenomenon of fake news. Using actual fake news headlines encountered on Facebook, the study revealed that individuals with high levels of psychoticism, impulsivity, suspiciousness, and low analytical reasoning abilities are more likely to believe fake news. Furthermore, the study found that fear induced by news content significantly influences by impeding rational, factual analysis. These findings suggest that while social media platforms contribute to the dissemination of fake news, individual vulnerabilities also play a crucial role. These findings could be useful for the development of digital literacy programs.
Low‐Field Actuating Magnetic Elastomer Membranes Characterized using Fibre‐Optic Interferometry
Authors: Li Zhi , Coote Joanna. M. , Subburaman Swathika , Iacoviello Francesco , Page Kristopher , Alles Erwin J. , Prokopovich Polina , Parkin Ivan P. , Desjardins Adrien E. , Noimark Sacha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSmart robotic devices remotely powered by magnetic field have emerged as versatile tools for wide biomedical applications. Soft magnetic elastomer (ME) composite membranes with high flexibility and responsiveness are frequently incorporated to enable local actuation for wireless sensing or cargo delivery. However, the fabrication of thin ME membranes with good control in geometry and uniformity remains challenging, as well as the optimization of their actuating performances under low fields (milli‐Tesla). In this work, the development of ME membranes comprising of low‐cost magnetic powder and highly soft elastomer through a simple template‐assisted doctor blading approach, is reported. The fabricated ME membranes are controllable in size (up to centimetre‐scale), thickness (tens of microns) and high particle loading (up to 70 wt.%). Conflicting trade‐off effects of particle concentration upon magnetic responsiveness and mechanical stiffness are investigated and found to be balanced off as it exceeds 60 wt.%. A highly sensitive fibre‐optic interferometric sensing system and a customized fibre‐ferrule‐membrane probe are first proposed to enable dynamic actuation and real‐time displacement characterization. Free‐standing ME membranes are magnetically excited under low field down to 2 mT, and optically monitored with nanometer accuracy. The fast and consistent responses of ME membranes showcase their promising biomedical applications in nanoscale actuation and sensing.
Nondestructively Visualizing and Understanding the Mechano‐Electro‐chemical Origins of “Soft Short” and “Creeping” in All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Cao Daxian , Zhang Kena , Li Wei , Zhang Yuxuan , Ji Tongtai , Zhao Xianhui , Cakmak Ercan , Zhu Juner , Cao Ye , Zhu Hongli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state Li‐metal batteries (ASLMBs) represent a significant breakthrough in the quest to overcome limitations associated with traditional Li‐ion batteries, particularly in energy density and safety aspects. However, widespread implementation is stymied due to a lack of profound understanding of the complex mechano‐electro‐chemical behavior of Li metal in the ASLMBs. Herein, operando neutron imaging and X‐ray computed tomography (XCT) are leveraged to nondestructively visualize Li behaviors within ASLMBs. This approach offers real‐time observations of Li evolutions, both pre‐ and post‐ occurrence of a “soft short”. The coordination of 2D neutron radiography and 3D neutron tomography enables charting of the terrain of Li metal deformation operando. Concurrently, XCT offers a 3D insight into the internal structure of the battery following a “soft short”. Despite the manifestation of a “soft short”, the persistence of Faradaic processes is observed. To study the elusive “soft short” , phase field modeling is coupled with electrochemistry and solid mechanics theory. The research unravels how external pressure curbs dendrite growth, potentially leading to dendrite fractures and thus uncovering the origins of both “soft” and “hard” shorts in ASLMBs. Furthermore, by harnessing finite element modeling, it dive deeper into the mechanical deformation and the fluidity of Li metal.
Feeding Next‐Generation Nanomedicines to Europe: Regulatory and Quality Challenges
Authors: Musazzi Umberto M. , Franzè Silvia , Condorelli Fabrizio , Minghetti Paola , Caliceti Paolo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNew and innovative nanomedicines have been developed and marketed over the past half‐century, revolutionizing the prognosis of many human diseases. Although a univocal regulatory definition is not yet available worldwide, the term “nanomedicines” generally identifies medicinal products that use nanotechnology in their design or production. Due to the intrinsic high structural complexity of these products, the scientific and regulatory communities are reflecting on how to revise the regulatory framework to provide a more appropriate benefit/risk balance to authorize them on the market, considering the impact of their peculiar physicochemical features in the evaluation of efficacy and safety patterns. Herein, a critical perspective is provided on the current open issues regarding regulatory qualification and physicochemical characterization of nanosystems considering the current European regulatory framework on nanomedicine products. Practicable paths for improving their quality assurance and predicting their fate in vivo are also argued. Strengthening the multilevel alliance among academic institutions, industrial stakeholders, and regulatory authorities seems strategic to support innovation by standard approaches (e.g., qualification, characterization, risk assessment), and to expand current knowledge, also benefiting from the new opportunities offered by artificial intelligence and digitization in predictive modelling of the impact of nanomedicine characteristics on their fate in vivo.
Optically Active MXenes in Van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Purbayanto Muhammad A. K. , Chandel Madhurya , Birowska Magdalena , Rosenkranz Andreas , Jastrzębska Agnieszka M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe vertical integration of distinct 2D materials in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures provides the opportunity for interface engineering and modulation of electronic as well as optical properties. However, scarce experimental studies reveal many challenges for vdW heterostructures, hampering the fine‐tuning of their electronic and optical functionalities. Optically active MXenes, the most recent member of the 2D family, with excellent hydrophilicity, rich surface chemistry, and intriguing optical properties, are a novel 2D platform for optoelectronics applications. Coupling MXenes with various 2D materials into vdW heterostructures can open new avenues for the exploration of physical phenomena of novel quantum‐confined nanostructures and devices. Therefore, the fundamental basis and recent findings in vertical vdW heterostructures composed of MXenes as a primary component and other 2D materials as secondary components are examined. Their robust designs and synthesis approaches that can push the boundaries of light‐harvesting, transition, and utilization are discussed, since MXenes provide a unique playground for pursuing an extraordinary optical response or unusual light conversion features/functionalities. The recent findings are finally summarized, and a perspective for the future development of next‐generation vdW multifunctional materials enriched by MXenes is provided.
Sulfur‐Assisted Surface Modification of Lithium‐Rich Manganese‐Based Oxide toward High Anionic Redox Reversibility
Authors: Xu Zhou , Guo Xingzhong , Song Wenjun , Wang Junzhang , Qin Tengteng , Yuan Yifei , Lu Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEnergy storage via anionic redox provides extra capacity for lithium‐rich manganese‐based oxide cathodes at high voltage but causes gradual structural collapse and irreversible capacity loss with generation of On− (0 ≤ n < 2) species upon deep oxidation. Herein, the stability and reversibility of anionic redox reactions are enhanced by a simple sulfur‐assisted surface modification method, which not only modulates the material's energy band allowing feasible electron release from both bonding and antibonding bands, but also traps the escaping On− via an as‐constructed SnS2−x−σOy coating layer and return them to the host lattice upon discharge. The regulation of anionic redox inhibits the irreversible structural transformation and parasitic reactions, maintaining the specific capacity retention of as‐modified cathode up to 94% after 200 cycles at 100 mA g−1, along with outstanding voltage stability. The reported strategy incorporating energy band modulation and oxygen trapping is promising for the design and advancement of other cathodes storing energy through anion redox.
Reversible Multielectron Redox Chemistry in a NASICON‐Type Cathode toward High‐Energy‐Density and Long‐Life Sodium‐Ion Full Batteries
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Xu Guofu , Lin Jiande , Zhang Yangpu , Fang Guozhao , Zhou Jiang , Cao Xinxin , Liang Shuquan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNa‐superionic‐conductor (NASICON)‐type cathodes (e.g., Na3V2(PO4)3) have attracted extensive attention due to their open and robust framework, fast Na+ mobility, and superior thermal stability. To commercialize sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), higher energy density and lower cost requirements are urgently needed for NASICON‐type cathodes. Herein, Na3.5V1.5Fe0.5(PO4)3 (NVFP) is designed by an Fe‐substitution strategy, which not only reduces the exorbitant cost of vanadium, but also realizes high‐voltage multielectron reactions. The NVFP cathode can deliver extraordinary capacity (148.2 mAh g−1), and decent cycling durability up to 84% after 10 000 cycles at 100 C. In situ X‐ray diffraction and ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterizations reveal reversible structural evolution and redox processes (Fe2+/Fe3+, V3+/V4+, and V4+/V5+) during electrochemical reactions. The low ionic‐migration energy barrier and ideal Na+‐diffusion kinetics are elucidated by density functional theory calculations. Combined with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fe with unpaired electrons in the 3d orbital is inseparable from the higher‐valence redox activation. More competitively, coupling with a hard carbon (HC) anode, HC//NVFP full cells demonstrate high‐rate capability and long‐duration cycling lifespan (3000 stable cycles at 50 C), along with material‐level energy density up to 304 Wh kg−1. The present work can provide new perspectives to accelerate the commercialization of SIBs.
Magnetic Nanoparticles Decorated with Gold Nanoclusters–Applications in Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Pleckaitis Marijus , Karabanovas Vitalijus , Butkiene Greta , Venius Jonas , Burkanas Marius , Grinciene Giedre , Jagminas Arunas , Rotomskis Ricardas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNanomedicine presents exciting new opportunities for the detection and treatment of cancer. Current cancer imaging methods and treatment approaches in clinics frequently fall short of entirely curing cancer and can have severe side effects. Theranostic nanoparticles, however, have the potential to revolutionize effective cancer treatment and early cancer detection. The objective of this study is to show how magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and photoluminescent gold nanoclusters (MN‐AuNCs) may be combined effectively to produce bimodal imaging nanoparticles that possess magnetic and optical properties and can be used for both magnetic resonance imaging and optical biopsy. These findings demonstrate that MN‐AuNCs, when exposed to visible light, also have the capability to produce singlet oxygen, which is necessary for photodynamic therapy of cancer. In addition, it shows that they are non‐toxic, accumulate inside the cells, and cause cell death during exposure to visible light. The creation of these MN‐AuNCs offers a novel remedy for the current shortcomings in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Since they have both therapeutic and imaging capabilities, MN‐AuNCs have the potential to improve patient outcomes while lowering the risk of negative side effects.
Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors with Ultralow Dark Currents Based on Carbazole‐bridged Pyrrolic Polysquaraines
Authors: He Jin , Wang Zhi , Gao Yerun , Yu Xinyu , Qiao Weiguo , Shao Ming , Li Zhong'an 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh specific detectivity (D*) is one of the key performance metrics for near‐infrared (NIR) organic photodetectors (OPDs), which however is always limited by the high dark current density (Jd). Herein, high‐performance NIR‐OPDs with ultralow Jd are successfully achieved by developing new conjugated pyrrolic polysquaraines as photoactive materials. By changing the linkage sites of the carbazole bridge, two low‐bandgap pyrrolic polysquaraines, i.e., PSQ‐3,6‐Cz and PSQ‐2,7‐Cz, are prepared via a facile synthetic route, both showing strong absorption in the visible and NIR region (600–1000 nm), respectable hole mobility, and enhanced compatibility with the PC61BM acceptor. The fabricated polysquaraine‐based NIR‐OPDs deliver impressive Jd values as low as ≈2.0 × 10−11 A cm−2 in a photovoltaic mode, which to the best of the knowledge is among the lowest values for NIR‐OPDs so far, and thus enables a high shot‐noise‐limited specific detectivity (Dsh*) over 1013 Jones in 650–950 nm. With a more accurate noise spectral current measurement, the PSQ‐2,7‐Cz‐based OPDs show lower noise currents and better detection performance than the PSQ‐3,6‐Cz‐based OPDs, which is attributed to the lower energetic disorder degree and fewer traps of the former, both resulting in suppressed trap‐assisted recombination.
A Simple Device‐To‐Device Transform for White Light‐Emitting Diode with Monochromatic Carbon Dots
Authors: Zhang Tianyang , Shen Jian , Shan Shen Wan‐ , Fan Zhenglong , Yu Kai , Wang Yingming , Si Honglin , Huang Hui , Liu Yang , Liao Liang‐Sheng , Kang Zhenhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrently, the fabrication of white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) strongly depends on white fluorescent emission materials. The conventional method, which is a direct way from the designed fluorescent emission material to the device, is regarded as a fundamental principle in this field. Here, a brand‐new approach is shown for the design of WLEDs with a simple device‐to‐device transform based on monochromatic carbon dots (CDs). In this work, the WLEDs based on the blue fluorescent CDs achieve the in situ generation of bright white light emission in the device, originating from the oxidation of functional groups involving S element in CDs caused by strong electrical treatment. These CDs‐based WLEDs possess the luminance of 533 cd m−2, Commission Internationale d'Eclairage coordinates located at (0.38, 0.38), a correlated color temperature of 4072 K, and a color render index up to 95. This work opens a brand‐new gate for achieving high‐purity and bright WLEDs through the strategy of transforming from device to device rather than material to device.
Synthesis of Angular Polycyclic Aromatic Molecules via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Annulation of Nitrones with Cyclic 2‐Diazo‐1,3‐diones
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhao Li‐Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe herein disclose a simple and general method for the synthesis of chromendiones through Rh(III)‐catalyzed C−H functionalization/annulation reactions of nitrones with cyclic 2‐diazo‐1,3‐diones by using nitrone group as a traceless directing group. This method exhibits high efficiency and broad functional group compatibility. The derivatization of these chromendiones has been also demonstrated to further strengthen the synthetic utility of the transformation.
The Expanding Roles of Long Non‐Coding RNAs in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Yan Yu , Wu Danzhu , Yang Liyuan , Han Jinming , Liu Yinglong , Dong Peng , Wu Jing , Yu Xinshuang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer is a clinically challenging disease with a poor survival rate and is one of the leading causes of cancer‐related morbidity. It is highly resistant to treatment and effective diagnostic tools during the early stages of the disease are lacking. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate extensively in the physiological processes of various diseases, especially multiple types of cancers. lncRNAs have been shown to perform essential functions and are gaining increasing attention in pancreatic cancer research. This review summarizes the roles of lncRNAs in the occurrence, development, and therapeutic resistance of pancreatic cancer by categorizing their regulation of epigenetic inheritance, transcription, post‐transcription, and related signaling pathways. Potential clinical implications, including diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as the therapeutic prospects of these lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer, are also discussed. Novel insights into the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer may help researchers develop novel therapeutic strategies.
Pure Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Isomerides with Delayed Fluorescence and Anti‐Kasha Emission: High‐Efficiency Non‐Doped Fluorescence OLEDs
Authors: Huang Haoxin , Li Nengquan , Fu Shuguang , Mo Xuechao , Cao Xiaosong , Yin Xiaojun , Yang Chuluo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) consisting solely of carbon‐hydrogen or carbon‐carbon bonds offer great potential for constructing durable and cost‐effective emitters in organic electroluminescence devices. However, achieving versatile fluorescence characteristics in pure PAHs remains a considerable challenge, particularly without the inclusion of heteroatoms. Herein, an efficient approach is presented that involves incorporating non‐six‐membered rings into classical pyrene isomerides, enabling simultaneous achievement of full‐color emission, delayed fluorescence, and anti‐Kasha emission. Theoretical calculations reveal that the intensity and distribution of aromaticity/anti‐aromaticity in both ground and excited states play a crucial role in determining the excited levels and fluorescence yields. Transient fluorescence measurements confirm the existence of thermally activated delayed fluorescence in pure PAHs. By utilizing these PAHs as emitting layers, electroluminescent spectra covering the entire visible region along with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 9.1% can be achieved, leading to the most exceptional results among non‐doped pure hydrocarbon‐based devices.
Visualizing Chain Growth of Polytelluoxane via Polymerization Induced Emission
Authors: Liu Chengfei , Si Jinyan , Cao Muqing , Zhao Peng , Dai Yiheng , Xu Huaping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVisualizing polymer chain growth is always a hot topic for tailoring structure‐function properties in polymer chemistry. However, current characterization methods are limited in their ability to differentiate the degree of polymerization in real‐time without isolating the samples from the reaction vessel, let alone to detect insoluble polymers. Herein, a reliable relationship is established between polymer chain growth and fluorescence properties through polymerization induced emission. (TPE‐C2)2‐Te is used to realize in situ oxidative polymerization, leading to the aggregation of fluorophores. The relationship between polymerization degree of growing polytelluoxane (PTeO) and fluorescence intensity is constructed, enabling real‐time monitoring of the polymerization reaction. More importantly, this novel method can be further applied to the observation of the polymerization process for growing insoluble polymer via surface polymerization. Therefore, the development of visualization technology will open a new avenue for visualizing polymer chain growth in real‐time, regardless of polymer solubility.