bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal motor decline in dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson disease dementia, and Alzheimer's dementia in a community autopsy cohort
Authors: Choudhury Parichita , Zhang Nan , Adler Charles H. , Chen Kewei , Belden Christine , Driver‐Dunckley Erika , Mehta Shyamal H. , Shprecher David R. , Serrano Geidy E. , Shill Holly A. , Beach Thomas G. , Atri Alireza 
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe examined the progression of extrapyramidal symptoms and signs in autopsy‐confirmed dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), and Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD).METHODSLongitudinal data were obtained from Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease, with PDD (n = 98), AD (n = 47) and DLB (n = 48) further sub‐grouped as with or without parkinsonism (DLB+ and DLB−). Within‐group Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) ‐II and UPDRS‐III trajectories were analyzed using non‐linear mixed effects models.RESULTSIn DLB, 65.6% had parkinsonism. Baseline UPDRS‐II and III scores (off‐stage) were highest (P < 0.001) for PDD (mean ± SD 14.3 ± 7.8 and 27.4 ± 16.3), followed by DLB+ (6.0 ± 8.8 and 17.2 ± 17.1), DLB− (1.1 ± 1.3 and 3.3 ± 5.5) and AD (3.2 ± 6.1 and 8.2 ± 13.6). Compared to PDD, the DLB+ group had faster UPDRS‐III progression over 8‐years (Cohen's‐d range 0.98 to 2.79, P < 0.001), driven by gait (P < 0.001) and limb bradykinesia (P = 0.02) subscales.DISCUSSIONMotor deficits progress faster in DLB+ than PDD, providing insights about expected changes in motor function.Highlights
Dementia with Lewy bodies has faster motor progression than Parkinson's disease dementia
Linear and non‐linear mixed modeling analysis of longitudinal data was utilized
Findings have implications for clinical prognostication and trial design
Effects of amyloid beta and dopaminergic depletion on perfusion and clinical symptoms
Authors: Lee Young‐gun , Jeon Seun , Kang Sung Woo , Ye Byoung Seok 
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlthough mixed pathologies are common in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), the effects of amyloid beta and dopaminergic depletion on brain perfusion and clinical symptoms have not been elucidated.METHODSIn 99 cognitive impairment patients due to AD and/or DLB and 32 controls, 18F‐florbetaben (FBB) and dual‐phase dopamine transporter (DAT) positron emission tomography (PET) were performed to measure the FBB standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR), striatal DAT uptakes, and brain perfusion.RESULTSHigher FBB‐SUVR and lower ventral striatal DAT uptake were intercorrelated and, respectively, associated with left entorhinal/temporo‐parietal‐centered hypoperfusion and vermis/hippocampal‐centered hyperperfusion, whereas regional perfusion mediated clinical symptoms and cognition.DISCUSSIONAmyloid beta deposition and striatal dopaminergic depletion contribute to regional perfusion changes, clinical symptoms, and cognition in the spectrum of normal aging and cognitive impairment due to AD and/or LBD.Highlights
Amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition was associated with ventral striatal dopaminergic depletion.
Aβ deposition and dopaminergic depletion correlated with perfusion.
Aβ deposition correlated with hypoperfusion centered in the left entorhinal cortex.
Dopaminergic depletion correlated with hyperperfusion centered in the vermis.
Perfusion mediated the Aβ deposition/dopaminergic depletion's effects on cognition.
Amelioration of silymarin against cadmium‐induced toxicity in pregnant rats and their fetuses
Authors: Omar Amel Ramadan , Nour Amira Abdelnasser , Dakrory Ahmed Emam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSilymarin is an antioxidant without side effects even at relatively high physiological dosage. Therefore, it is safely used as a herbal medicine for treating different diseases.Aim of workThe purpose of this study was to examine the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) in pregnant rats and their fetuses and the ameliorative effects of silymarin (SL) against this toxicity.Materials & methodsA total of 24 pregnant rats allocated into four equal groups. Control, silymarin (200 mg/kg), Cd (5 mg/kg), and a combination of Cd and silymarin concurrent from 6 to 20th gestational day. Number of corpora lutea, dams', gravid uteri, placental weights, and likewise fetal body weights and lengths were analyzed as physical parameters. Serum levels of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, creatinine, urea, uric acid, and maternal and fetal liver tissues for malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione activity were studied. The histology of hepatic and renal tissues for both mothers and fetuses was examined. Data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance test and Duncan's multiple range test was used to compare group means.ResultsThe findings evidenced that Cd causes teratogenic abnormalities and histopathological variation in hepatic and renal tissues of both mothers and fetuses. Cd triggers oxidative stress and disrupts liver and kidney function. In Cd + silymarin treated rats exhibited improvement in the pregnancy outcomes, reduced histopathological changes, oxidative stress as well as liver and kidney enzymes.ConclusionWe deduced that using of silymarin during gestation is effective and ameliorate the toxic maternal complications caused by cadmium.
Tumoral parkinsonism—Parkinsonism secondary to brain tumors, paraneoplastic syndromes, intracranial malformations, or oncological intervention, and the effect of dopaminergic treatment
Authors: Cedergren Weber Gustav , Timpka Jonathan , Rydelius Anna , Bengzon Johan , Odin Per 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionSecondary tumoral parkinsonism is a rare phenomenon that develops as a direct or indirect result of brain neoplasms or related conditions.ObjectivesThe first objective was to explore to what extent brain neoplasms, cavernomas, cysts, paraneoplastic syndromes (PNSs), and oncological treatment methods cause parkinsonism. The second objective was to investigate the effect of dopaminergic therapy on the symptomatology in patients with tumoral parkinsonism.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted in the databases PubMed and Embase. Search terms like “secondary parkinsonism,” “astrocytoma,” and “cranial irradiation” were used. Articles fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the review.ResultsOut of 316 identified articles from the defined database search strategies, 56 were included in the detailed review. The studies, which were mostly case reports, provided research concerning tumoral parkinsonism and related conditions. It was found that various types of primary brain tumors, such as astrocytoma and meningioma, and more seldom brain metastases, can cause tumoral parkinsonism. Parkinsonism secondary to PNSs, cavernomas, cysts, as well as oncological treatments was reported. Twenty‐five of the 56 included studies had tried initiating dopaminergic therapy, and of these 44% reported no, 48% low to moderate, and 8% excellent effect on motor symptomatology.ConclusionBrain neoplasms, PNSs, certain intracranial malformations, and oncological treatments can cause parkinsonism. Dopaminergic therapy has relatively benign side effects and may relieve motor and nonmotor symptomatology in patients with tumoral parkinsonism. Dopaminergic therapy, particularly levodopa, should therefore be considered in patients with tumoral parkinsonism.
The impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on the environmental sustainability strategies of listed firms in Sweden
Authors: Andersson Fredrik N. G. , Arvidsson Susanne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHow macroeconomic crises affect firms' environmental sustainability strategies is an open question. We study the impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on the environmental sustainability strategies of firms listed on the OMXNasdaq stock exchange in Sweden. The analysis is based on a survey distributed twice, once during the summer of 2020 and once during the summer of 2021 with detailed questions related to the firms' environmental strategies. We find that most firms view the pandemic as an opportunity to strengthen their environmental strategies. However, we also find that the economic downturn caused most firms to redirect scarce resources away from environmental sustainability. We also find that firms which had adopted the Taskforce on Climate‐Related Financial Disclosures were less likely to divert resources. These short‐term results indicate that the pandemic will not enhance firms' environmental sustainability practices in the future.
Recent Progress of Inorganic Hole‐Transport Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells†
Authors: Wang Rui , Dong Xiyue , Liu Yongsheng 
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive SummaryPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved significant progress in the past decade and a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.0% has been achieved. The widely used organic hole transport materials (HTMs) in PSCs are typically sensitive to the moisture environment and continuous light exposure. In contrast, the inorganic HTMs benefiting from their outstanding merits, such as excellent environmental stability, are considered as alternatives and have attracted much attention in PSCs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the fundamental properties and recent progress of inorganic HTMs in n‐i‐p and p‐i‐n structured PSCs. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of inorganic HTMs in the development of highly efficient and stable PSCs.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Denitrogenative Self‐carbonylation of Arylhydrazine Using CO and O2 as an Ideal Oxidant†
Authors: Kolekar Yuvraj A. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M. 
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive SummaryAn efficient Pd/Cu‐catalyzed oxidative self‐carbonylation of arylhydrazine with CO and molecular oxygen as an oxidant to afford symmetrical biaryl ketones via C—N bond activation has been developed. In this approach, arylhydrazine hydrochlorides are used as a green arylating agent which releases nitrogen and water as byproducts. This developed protocol significantly restricts the formation of aryl iodide and homo‐coupled azobenzene products even under favorable conditions. A library of symmetrical biaryl ketones with wide functionalities was synthesized in good yields under mild conditions.
Reduction of four bis‐azo dyes by pig liver microsomal fraction in anaerobic conditions
Authors: Faraoni Paola , Gnerucci Alessio , Laschi Serena , Ranaldi Francesco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe study of azo dyes degradation products and their harmfulness is an important topic because their diffusion in the environment is still a serious problem. We investigated the reduction by pig liver microsomal fraction of four bis‐azo dyes, Acid Red 73, Acid Red 150, Direct Red 24, and Direct Red 28, in anaerobic condition. These complex molecules, different for position/nature of substituent groups and for the group interposed between the two azo bonds, allowed to investigate the correlation between substrate molecular structure and action of a subcellular fraction representative of the xenobiotic degradation by a living organism and the consequent possible appearance of harmful reaction products. Dyes were first carefully purified to eliminate interferences in the enzymatic assays. The reduction products were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Acid Red 73 and Acid Red 150 were markedly reduced with production of harmful aromatic amines, while Direct Red 24 and Direct Red 28 were neither reduced to their synthesis amines nor to other amines. These results suggest that azo dyes with a benzidine derivative group are not degraded by microsomal fraction and therefore molecules with a similar structure could be classified with a lower risk index not producing any harmful catabolic product.
Members of the CUGBP Elav‐like family of RNA‐binding proteins are expressed in distinct populations of primary sensory neurons
Authors: Grlickova‐Duzevik Eliza , Reimonn Thomas M. , Michael Merilla , Tian Tina , Owyoung Jordan , McGrath‐Conwell Aidan , Neufeld Peter , Mueth Madison , Molliver Derek C. , Ward Patricia Jillian , Harrison Benjamin J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrimary sensory dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons are diverse, with distinct populations that respond to specific stimuli. Previously, we observed that functionally distinct populations of DRG neurons express mRNA transcript variants with different 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs). 3′UTRs harbor binding sites for interaction with RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) for transporting mRNAs to subcellular domains, modulating transcript stability, and regulating the rate of translation. In the current study, analysis of publicly available single‐cell RNA‐sequencing data generated from adult mice revealed that 17 3′UTR‐binding RBPs were enriched in specific populations of DRG neurons. This included four members of the CUG triplet repeat (CUGBP) Elav‐like family (CELF): CELF2 and CELF4 were enriched in peptidergic, CELF6 in both peptidergic and nonpeptidergic, and CELF3 in tyrosine hydroxylase‐expressing neurons. Immunofluorescence studies confirmed that 60% of CELF4+ neurons are small‐diameter C fibers and 33% medium‐diameter myelinated (likely Aδ) fibers and showed that CELF4 is distributed to peripheral termini. Coexpression analyses using transcriptomic data and immunofluorescence revealed that CELF4 is enriched in nociceptive neurons that express GFRA3, CGRP, and the capsaicin receptor TRPV1. Reanalysis of published transcriptomic data from macaque DRG revealed a highly similar distribution of CELF members, and reanalysis of single‐nucleus RNA‐sequencing data derived from mouse and rat DRG after sciatic injury revealed differential expression of CELFs in specific populations of sensory neurons. We propose that CELF RBPs may regulate the fate of mRNAs in populations of nociceptors, and may play a role in pain and/or neuronal regeneration following nerve injury.
Modeling of Proliferating CD4 and CD8 T‐Cell Changes to Tremelimumab Exposure in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Song Xuyang , Kelley Robin Kate , Green Michelle , Standifer Nathan , Lim KyoungSoo , Zhou Diansong , Dunyak James , Negro Alejandra , Kurland John F. , Ren Song , Khan Anis A. , Gibbs Megan , Abou‐Alfa Ghassan K. 
Published: July 2023

The STRIDE (Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab) regimen of single‐dose tremelimumab 300 mg, plus durvalumab 1,500 mg every 4 weeks demonstrated potential for long‐term survival in studies of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC; Study 22 and HIMALAYA). The aim of this analysis was to investigate changes in proliferating CD4+ Ki67+ and CD8+ Ki67+ T cells and their relationship with tremelimumab exposure in patients with uHCC. Median cell count, change from baseline, and percent change from baseline in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells peaked around 14 days after STRIDE. A model of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response to tremelimumab exposure was developed. Patients with lower baseline T cell counts had a greater percent change from baseline in T cell response to tremelimumab, and baseline T‐cell count was included in the final model. With the full covariate model, the half‐maximal effective concentration (EC50) of tremelimumab was 6.10 μg/mL (standard error = 1.07 μg/mL); > 98.0% of patients were predicted to have a minimum plasma concentration greater than EC50 with tremelimumab 300 or 750 mg. For EC75 (9.82 μg/mL), 69.5% and 98.2% of patients were predicted to exceed the EC75 with tremelimumab 300 and 750 mg, respectively. This analysis supports the clinical hypothesis that combination anti‐cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐associated antigen 4 (anti‐CTLA‐4) and anti‐programmed cell death ligand‐1 (anti‐PD‐L1) therapy primes an immune response that may then be sustained by anti‐PD‐L1 monotherapy and supports the clinical utility of the STRIDE regimen in patients with uHCC. These insights may also help inform dose selection of anti‐CTLA‐4 plus anti‐PD‐L1 combination strategies.
Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilatation‐assisted retrieval of a proximally migrated double pigtail stent from the bile duct: A case report
Authors: Kamezaki Hidehiro , Yoshikawa Hiroshi , Iwanaga Terunao , Tokunaga Mamoru , Maeda Takahiro , Senoo Junichi , Ohyama Hiroshi , Kato Naoya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDouble‐pigtail stents are commonly used for drainage in cholangitis to prevent stent migration. We report a case in which a double pigtail stent had migrated proximally into the bile duct and was successfully retrieved after endoscopic papillary large balloon dilatation (EPLBD). An 86‐year‐old man underwent endoscopic papillary sphincterotomy for cholangitis due to common bile duct stones and had a double‐pigtail stent placed in the common bile duct. The patient presented a week later for endoscopic biliary stone removal, but the stent had migrated proximally and could not be visualized during the endoscopy. Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilatation was performed to dilate the papilla to a diameter of 12 mm, following which the stent was grasped and removed. The biliary calculi were subsequently extracted, and the procedure was completed without any complications. This case highlights the potential usefulness of endoscopic papillary large balloon dilatation for retrieving a double‐pigtail stent that has migrated to the bile duct.
A multidisciplinary team reduces in‐hospital clinical complications and mortality in patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Meloni Marco , Andreadi Aikaterini , Bellizzi Ermanno , Giurato Laura , Ruotolo Valeria , Romano Maria , Bellia Alfonso , Uccioli Luigi , Lauro Davide 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsThe current study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary diabetic foot team (MDFT) in the management of in‐patients affected by diabetic foot problems.Materials and MethodsThe study was a retrospective observational study. Consecutive patients with a diabetic foot problem requiring hospitalisation were included. All patients were managed by a MDFT led by diabetologists according to the guidance. The rate of in‐hospital complications (IHCs), major amputation, and survival were recorded at the end of patient’s hospitalisation. IHC was defined as any new infection different from wound infection, cardiovascular events, acute renal injury, severe anaemia requiring blood transfusion, and any other clinical problem not present at the assessment.ResultsOverall, 350 patients were included. The mean age was 67.9 ± 12.6 years, 254 (72.6%) were males, 323 (92, 3%) showed Type 2 diabetes with a mean duration of 20.2 ± 9.6 years; 224 (64%) had ischaemic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and 299 (85.4%) had infected DFUs. IHCs were recorded in 30/350 (8.6%) patients. The main reasons for IHCs were anaemia requiring blood transfusion (2.8%), pneumonia (1.7%), acute kidney failure (1.1%). Patients with IHCs showed a higher rate of major amputation (13.3 vs. 3.1%, p = 0.02) and mortality (16.7 vs. 0.6%, p < 0.0001) in comparison to those without. Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and wound duration at the assessment (>1 month) were independent predictors of IHC, whereas IHCs, heart failure, and dialysis were independent predictors of in‐hospital mortality.ConclusionsThe multidisciplinary management of diabetic foot problems leads to an IHC rate of 8%. The risk of IHCs is higher in patients with IHD and long wound duration.
Predictors and moderators of three online interventions for eating disorder symptoms in a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rohrbach Pieter J. , Fokkema Marjolein , Spinhoven Philip , Van Furth Eric F. , Dingemans Alexandra E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo optimize treatment recommendations for eating disorders, it is important to investigate whether some individuals may benefit more (or less) from certain treatments. The current study explored predictors and moderators of an automated online self‐help intervention “Featback” and online support from a recovered expert patient.MethodsData were used from a randomized controlled trial. For a period of 8 weeks, participants aged 16 or older with at least mild eating disorder symptoms were randomized to four conditions: (1) Featback, (2) chat or e‐mail support from an expert patient, (3) Featback with expert‐patient support, and (4) a waitlist. A mixed‐effects partitioning method was used to see if age, educational level, BMI, motivation to change, treatment history, duration of eating disorder, number of binge eating episodes in the past month, eating disorder pathology, self‐efficacy, anxiety and depression, social support, or self‐esteem predicted or moderated intervention outcomes in terms of eating disorder symptoms (primary outcome), and symptoms of anxiety and depression (secondary outcome).ResultsHigher baseline social support predicted less eating disorder symptoms 8 weeks later, regardless of condition. No variables emerged as moderator for eating disorder symptoms. Participants in the three active conditions who had not received previous eating disorder treatment, experienced larger reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms.DiscussionThe investigated online low‐threshold interventions were especially beneficial for treatment‐naïve individuals, but only in terms of secondary outcomes, making them well‐suited for early intervention. The study results also highlight the importance of a supportive environment for individuals with eating disorder symptoms.Public SignificanceTo optimize treatment recommendations it is important to investigate what works for whom. For an internet‐based intervention for eating disorders developed in the Netherlands, individuals who had never received eating disorder treatment seemed to benefit more from the intervention than those who had received eating disorder treatment, because they experienced larger reductions in symptoms of depression and anxiety. Stronger feelings of social support were related to less eating disorder symptoms in the future.
Climate‐driven phenological shifts in emergence dates of British bees
Authors: Wyver Chris , Potts Simon G. , Edwards Mike , Edwards Rowan , Roberts Stuart , Senapathi Deepa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClimate change has a diverse range of impacts on wild bees, including their phenology or timing of life history events. Climate‐driven phenological shifts can not only impact individuals at species level but also threaten the vital pollination service that wild bees provide to both wild plants and cultivated crops. Despite their involvement in pollination, for most bee species, especially in Great Britain, little is known about phenological shifts. This study makes use of 40 years of presence‐only data for 88 species of wild bees to analyse shifts in emergence dates, both over time and in relation to temperature. The analyses reveal widespread advances in emergence dates of British wild bees, at an average rate of 0.40 ± 0.02 days per year since 1980 across all species in the study data set. Temperature is a key driver of this shift, with an average advance of 6.5 ± 0.2 days per 1°C warming. For change in emergence dates both over time and in relation to temperature, there was significant species‐specific variation, with 14 species showing significant advances over time and 67 showing significant advances in relation to temperature. Traits did not appear to explain variation in individual species' responses, with overwintering stage, lecty, emergence period and voltinism considered as possible explanatory traits. Pairwise comparisons showed no differences in sensitivity of emergence dates to increasing temperature between trait groups (groups of species which share all four traits) that differed by only one trait. These results highlight not only a direct impact of temperature on the phenology of wild bees themselves but also the species‐specific shifts highlight a possible impact on the temporal structure of bee communities and the pollination networks for which the wild bees are so crucial.