bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of saffron (Crocus sativusL) on testosterone and depression in andropause middle-aged and elderly men: a systematic review
Authors: Amini Shirin , Mohseni Houra , Abiri Behnaz , Jafarirad Sima 
Published: July 2023

PurposeDepression is one of the most overlooked psychiatric disorders among middle-aged and elderly men. Saffron (Crocus sativusL.) stigmas are a favorite and common spice that is used as an antidepressant, an anti-inflammatory and a sexual stimulant. This systematic review aimed to provide a comprehensive survey of the effects of saffron on depression in middle-aged and elderly men.Design/methodology/approachThe authors searched Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar databases to gather any relevant studies published from 1980 to September 2022. This review included studies that examined the relationship between depression and testosterone concentration (four studies) or saffron’s effects on testosterone and depression (six studies).FindingsObservational research showed an association between testosterone and depression in middle-aged and elderly men. Furthermore, animal studies have found that saffron increased testosterone levels and decreased depression in males. There is evidence that testosterone may contribute to the mood. Besides its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, this study proposed scientific mechanisms that saffron may also play a protective role against depression through its influence on testosterone, in middle-aged and elderly men. The general use of saffron at high doses or for prolonged periods may cause side effects; therefore, it is important to consult a health-care professional before the recommended dosage and duration of saffron supplementation, especially if a person has any underlying health conditions or is taking medications.Originality/valueThis study provides researchers with an additional perspective for conducting clinical trials on the use of saffron to enhance the mood of elderly men with testosterone deficiency.
Meta‐analysis and critical review of trophic discrimination factors (Δ13C and Δ15N): Importance of tissue, trophic level and diet source
Authors: Stephens Ryan B. , Shipley Oliver N. , Moll Remington J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Robustly quantifying dietary resource use and trophic position using stable isotopes requires accurate trophic discrimination factors (TDF; Δ13C and Δ15N for carbon and nitrogen, respectively), defined as the isotopic difference between consumer and diet. Early TDF studies converged on values of around 1.0‰ for Δ13C and 3.4‰ for Δ15N but more recent work indicates that TDF values may be more nuanced, depending on taxa, tissues, trophic level and diets. Yet, the relative importance of these factors remains unclear.

Focusing on vertebrates (birds, fish, herptiles and mammals), we conducted a literature review of 279 studies that estimated TDF values and used a Bayesian framework to determine how tissue type, trophic level and diet source influence variation in Δ13C and Δ15N. Additionally, we reviewed 358 trophic ecology studies to determine if studies accounted for these factors during their TDF selection process.

For Δ13C, vertebrates showed consistent patterns among tissue types (likely influenced by amino acid composition) and between trophic levels and diet sources (likely a result of dietary protein content and metabolic routing). Comparatively, for Δ15N, vertebrates showed considerable variation among tissue types and trophic levels, likely due to differences in tissue synthesis and physiological capabilities. Overall, Δ13C ranged from −5.1‰ to 9.1‰ and Δ15N from −3.3‰ to 9.7‰, underscoring that 1.0‰ for Δ13C and 3.4‰ for Δ15N are not universally appropriate. Moreover, both Δ13C and Δ15N varied by more than 9‰ within a single species and tissue type, demonstrating that using TDF values from the same, or similar, species may not be appropriate if diet and trophic level are not considered.

Despite the importance of diet source on TDF values, most trophic ecology studies did not account for it. Further, most fish studies relied on literature review values that failed to account for tissue type, trophic level and diet source. To aid ecologists in diet and trophic assessments of vertebrates, we used our meta‐analysis to model taxon‐specific TDF estimates (mean ± SD) for each tissue type, trophic level and diet source combination. These more refined TDF values should improve ecological assessments that use stable isotopes.

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Tumor budding and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes can predict prognosis in pT1b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Zhuo , Liu Linxiu , Wang Bingzhi , Ying Jianming , He Jie , Xue Liyan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTumor budding (TB) and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) are significant predictive indicators of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and unfavorable prognosis in various tumors. Currently, there is no gold standard for TB and TIL evaluation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to identify the standard of TB and TIL evaluations and build a predictive model for prognosis among patients with pT1b ESCC.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the prognostic values of TB and TIL in 150 pT1b ESCC cases. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of anti‐pan cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) were used to analyze the threshold of TB, and intratumoral TIL and peritumoral TIL (pTIL) were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC).ResultsWe found that TB in a three‐tiered grading system (low‐TB: 0‐4; middle‐TB: 5–15; high‐TB: ≥16) displayed an excellent prognosis prediction for LNM and survival based on IHC staining using a 20× objective lens. Low pTIL level (≤20%) was a significant indicator of LNM and unfavorable prognosis (p < 0.05). Moreover, lower tumor location and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were correlated with an unfavorable prognosis (p < 0.05). A nomogram developed based on TB, pTIL, LVI, and tumor location showed good discrimination, as shown by the area under the ROC and calibration curves.ConclusionWe therefore recommend identifying TB using a 20× objective lens under IHC staining and TIL adjacent to the tumor. Additionally, a nomogram was built for facilitating individualized prediction of survival for patients with pT1b ESCC.
Natural killer cell‐mediated contact dermatitis‐like reaction induced by treatment with TLR3 ligand poly(I:C)
Authors: Majewska‐Szczepanik Monika , Kowalczyk Paulina , Askenase Philip W. , Szczepanik Marian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPoly(I:C) is recognised by endosomal Toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR3) and activates cytotoxic CD8(+) lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. It has been shown that the viral TLR3 agonist induces robust and long‐lasting T‐cell‐mediated responses. In addition, TLR3 modulates the contact hypersensitivity reaction.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether poly(I:C) injection can induce NK‐mediated hapten reactivity in mice.MethodsMice were treated with poly(I:C), and their response to dinitrofluorobenzene hapten was measured by assessing ear swelling and serum interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) production. Adoptive cell transfer and cell sorting were used to investigate the mechanism of the reaction, and the phenotype of poly(I:C)‐activated liver NK cells was determined by flow cytometry analysis.ResultsThe results showed that poly(I:C) administration increased ear swelling, serum IFN‐γ levels and the response to hapten in both immunocompetent and T‐ and B‐cell‐deficient mice. Only liver poly(I:C)‐activated DX5(+) NK cells were able to transfer reactivity to hapten into a naive recipient. Induction of liver NK cells after poly(I:C) administration was TLR3/TRIF‐ and IFN‐γ‐dependent, interleukin 12‐independent, and not modulated by MyD88.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into how poly(I:C) stimulates NK‐mediated reactivity to hapten and suggests that liver NK cells may modulate the immune response to non‐pathogenic factors during viral infection.
Compound glycyrrhizin tablets combined with the 308 nm excimer laser in the treatment of vitiligo: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Huang Fujun , Fu Qiang , Zhou Ziwenyan , Tang Lei , Zhao Mingdan , Huang Mengya , Zhou Xun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the 308 nm excimer laser is commonly used to cure vitiligo, its clinical efficacy is limited. Experts have found that the efficacy of compound glycyrrhizin tablets combined with the 308 nm excimer laser in the treatment of vitiligo is significantly enhanced, but the specific research methods and clinical data must be clarified.ObjectiveTo determine the clinical efficacy of compound glycyrrhizin tablets combined with the 308 nm excimer laser in the treatment of vitiligo.MethodsUntil August 2022, studies were searched in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and the Wan Fang Database. We also searched for clinical RCTs involving compound glycyrrhizin tablets combined with the 308 nm excimer laser for the treatment of vitiligo. The meta‐analysis was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook's recommendations. Two reviewers regulated the study selection, data extraction, and assessment of bias risk, and consulted a third reviewer as necessary. For the meta‐analysis, Review Manager 5.4 was utilized.ResultsFinally, 9 articles and 1052 patients were included. A systematic review compared the efficacy of compound glycyrrhizin tablets combined with the 308 nm excimer laser to that of the 308 nm excimer laser alone: OR = 3.33, p < 0.00001, 95% confidence interval [2.25, 4.92].ConclusionIn the treatment of vitiligo, compound glycyrrhizin tablets combined with the 308 nm excimer laser are more effective than the 308 nm excimer laser alone, and there are no serious adverse reactions. It is a safe and efficient way of treatment.
Clustering of the causes of death in Northeast Iran: a mixed growth modeling
Authors: Talkhi Nasrin , Emamverdi Zohreh , Jamali Jamshid , Salari Maryam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Processing and analyzing data related to the causes of mortality can help to clarify and monitor the health status, determine priorities, needs, deficiencies, and developments in the health sector in research and implementation areas. In some cases, the statistical population consists of invisible sub-communities, each with a pattern of different trends over time. In such cases, Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) can be used. This article clusters the causes of individual deaths between 2015 and 2019 in Northeast Iran based on LGMM.

Method
This ecological longitudinal study examined all five-year mortality in Northeast Iran from 2015 to 2019. Causes of mortality were extracted from the national death registration system based on the ICD-10 classification. Individuals' causes of death were categorized based on LGMM, and similar patterns were placed in one category.

Results
Out of the total 146,100 deaths, ischemic heart disease (21,328), malignant neoplasms (17,613), cerebrovascular diseases (11,924), and hypertension (10,671) were the four leading causes of death. According to statistical indicators, the model with three classes was the best-fit model, which also had an appropriate interpretation. In the first class, which was also the largest class, the pattern of changes in mortality due to diseases was constant (n = 98, 87.50%). Second-class diseases had a slightly upward trend (n = 10, 8.92%), and third-class diseases had a completely upward trend (n = 4, 3.57%).

Conclusions
Identifying the rising trends of diseases leading to death using LGMM can be a suitable tool for the prevention and management of diseases by managers and health policy. Some chronic diseases are increasing up to 2019, which can serve as a warning for health policymakers in society.
Relationship between spiritual intelligence and lifestyle with life satisfaction among students of medical sciences
Authors: Senmar Mojtaba , Azimian Jalil , Noorian Sajad , Aliakbari Mohaddese , Chegini Najmeh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundYoung people are the main resources of any country and entering university is considered a sensitive period in their lives. Satisfaction with life is one of the indicators of successful adaptation to life. Lifestyle and spiritual intelligence can complement and give meaning to this variable. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and lifestyle with life satisfaction in students of Medical Sciences.MethodsThis descriptive-analytical study was conducted among the students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2017. One hundred thirty-nine students were included in this study. Data collection tools were the King's spiritual intelligence scale, Miller-Smith lifestyle assessment inventory, satisfaction with life scale (Diener), and demographic information checklist. To analyze the data, descriptive and analytical tests such as independent T-test and one-way analysis of variance and SPSS version 22 software were used. The significance level of all tests was considered less than or equal to 0.05.FindingsIn the present study, 108 were women and the rest were men. 49.6% of students were under twenty years old. The results of this research showed that there is a significant negative relationship between lifestyle and life satisfaction (r = -.33) and a significant positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction (r = .27) (p < 0.05). The mean scores of students in life satisfaction were 22.49 ± 5.92, lifestyle was 49.15 ± 8.35, and spiritual intelligence was 51.59 ± 11.43.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study showed the important role of spiritual intelligence and lifestyle in students' life satisfaction. These findings can be used by administrators and policymakers in formulating interventions and providing a suitable context to improve students' life satisfaction.
Default Risk and Option Returns
Authors: Vasquez Aurelio , Xiao Xiao 
Published: July 2023

This paper studies the effects of default risk on expected equity option returns. In the cross-section, expected delta-hedged equity option returns have a negative relation with default risk measured by credit ratings or default probability. In the time series, credit rating downgrades (upgrades) lead to a decrease (increase) in the firm’s delta-hedged option return. Our results are consistent with a stylized capital structure model in which the negative relation between option returns and default risk is driven by firm leverage and asset volatility. This paper was accepted by Lukas Schmid, finance. Funding: A. Vasquez thanks the Asociación Mexicana de Cultura A.C. for financial support. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4796 .
Blending parody: The case ofMy Corona
Authors: Hirsch Galia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis contribution is an attempt to integrate the notion of conceptual blending (Fauconnier and Turner 1998; Fauconnier and Turner 2002; and Fauconnier and Turner 2003) and Linda Hutcheon’s (1985) view of parody as a form of repetition maintaining a critical distance, through the analysis of a multimodal Internet meme. The case study chosen is a parodic music video of the Knack’s classic hitMy Sharona, showing the absurdity in everyday life during the times of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study is thus based on two conceptual paradigms: Blending Theory and Pragmatic Studies of Parody.
Fronteras entre la historia y la literatura en La serpiente sin ojos de William Ospina
Authors: Salazar Sor Elena 
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo analiza la novela La Serpiente Sin Ojos (2012) de William Ospina. Uno de los aspectos más relevantes de la novela latinoamericana del siglo pasado y de comienzos de este, es su obsesión por la historia. En este sentido, se considerarán las crónicas de Indias y algunas referencias literarias y teóricas sobre la novela histórica para entender la propuesta estética del autor. Se prestará especial atención a los protagonistas de la novela: Pedro de Ursúa e Inés de Atienza y a la novela como “pastiches de géneros”.
Ínsula del viento de Carlos Fajardo Fajardo o el reinventar la infancia
Authors: Arturo Castro Gabriel 
Published: July 2023

La infancia es el lugar privilegiado de la memoria, lugar donde Carlos Fajardo Fajardo, de la mano de su conmovedor libro Ínsula del viento, ejerce un ritual de escritura evocativa, depositaria ella de acontecimientos que se actualizan, recrean o se reinventan por medio de la expresión poética que es una fábrica del tiempo. Construye para tan esmerado ceremonial una ínsula, un dominio personal, sobre cuyo territorio gobierna su imaginación, espacio que podrá ser también la casa inmortal o el patio, la patria pequeña, mundo misterioso, espiritual y en cuyos linderos habita el asombro.
Yenilgiyi Gözlerden Saklamak: Gelibolu’nun Tahliyesinde İngiliz Hava Gücü Faaliyetleri
Authors: KURT Emin 
Published: July 2023

Çanakkale Muharebeleri, Türk askeri ve siyasi tarihi için olduğu kadar dünya tarihi için de bir dönüm noktasıdır. Savaşın Türkler lehine sonuçlanması, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın akışını ve dünya tarihini ilelebet değiştirmiştir. Bu özelliği nedeniyle Çanakkale Savaşı, Birinci Dünya Savaşı içindeki herhangi bir savaştan daha çok incelenmiş, hakkında çok fazla araştırma yapılmıştır. Bazı yabancı yazarlar, Çanakkale Savaşı hakkında ormanları bitirecek kadar kâğıt ve denizleri kurutacak kadar mürekkep harcandığından bahsetmektedir. Bu iddianın gerçeklik payı çok yüksektir.
Çanakkale Savaşı, hemen hemen savaşan tüm ülke araştırmaları içinde geniş bir literatüre sahiptir. Savaşın incelenmesi o dereceye varmıştır ki, deniz ve kara muharebelerini inceleyen çalışmaların yanında, savaş içinde gerçekleşen muharebeleri ve hatta bölgeleri inceleyen eserler ortaya konulmuştur.
Çanakkale deniz ve kara muharebelerindeki kaynak bolluğunun aksine, hava harekâtı hakkında çok az kaynak mevcuttur. Bu pencereden bakıldığında; hava harekâtının Çanakkale Muharebelerinin unutulan cephesi olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Karada ve denizdeki savaşın yoğunluğunun, gözleri ve dikkatleri, gökyüzüne ve yükseklerdeki savaşa yöneltmekten alıkoyduğu söylenebilir. Çanakkale Savaşı’nı konu alan birçok eserde, havacılık konusu; “Çanakkale’de uçaklar da kullanıldı” algısını yaratmaktan öteye gidememektedir. Bu eserlerde havacılık, kara ve deniz savaşlarının anlatımı renklendiren, anlatım zenginliği yaratan, değinilmiş olmak için anlatılan bir konudan ileriye gidememiştir.
Bu çalışmada, Gelibolu’nun tahliyesinden sonra Müttefik, özelliklede İngiliz hava gücünün tahliyenin Türk uçaklarından gizlenmesi yönündeki faaliyetleri, Türk ve yabancı arşiv belgeleri, Çanakkale hava faaliyetleri konusunda yazılmış birincil kaynak kitaplardan incelenecek, tahliyeye yönelik İngiliz hava gücü faaliyetinin boyutu ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.
An operational classification system for the South Atlantic pre-salt rocks
Authors: De Ros Luiz Fernando , Oliveira Daniel M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe giant Aptian reservoirs and associated lacustrine rocks of the South Atlantic pre-salt section present a series of unique characteristics, which make the systems created for marine carbonate rocks quite inadequate for their classification. Based on our experience with the characterization of thousands of samples of the pre-salt reservoirs and associated deposits from the Brazilian basins, and on a wide literature evaluation, we propose an objective and operational system for the classification of the unusual yet extremely important pre-salt lacustrine rocks. The system allows the coherent record of structure, fabric, primary texture and composition, and main diagenetic modifications of the in situ and resedimented rock types. The in situ rocks are directly classified according to the original proportion among calcite spherulites, fascicular shrubs, and mud matrix. The resedimented rocks are classified according to the original volume of &gt; 2 mm particles and the proportion between sand and mud, using calcirudite, calcarenite, and calcilutite as unbiased names. Such an approach can also be applied to the classification of other particulate carbonate rocks, avoiding the conceptual problems and dubious interpretation of depositional environment and reservoir quality of currently used classification systems. The direct, objective, and intuitive proposed classification system shall contribute to the understanding, exploration, and production of the extraordinary South Atlantic pre-salt petroleum province.
Application of alkali-heated corncobs enhanced nitrogen removal and microbial diversity in constructed wetlands for treating low C/N ratio wastewater
Authors: Liang Zhenghao , Hao Qingju , Hu Manli , Zhang Guosheng , Chen Keqin , Ma Rongzhen , Luo Shixu , Gou Yongxiang , He Yangjian , Chen Fanghui , Wang Xunli , Jiang Changsheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Lack of carbon source is the main factor limiting denitrification of low C/N ratio wastewater in constructed wetlands (CWs). Agricultural waste has been considered as a supplementary carbon source but research is still limited. To solve this problem, ferric carbon (Fe-C) + zeolite, Fe-C + gravel and gravel were used as substrates to build CWs in this experiment, aiming to investigate the effects of different carbon sources (rice straw, corncobs, alkali-heated corncobs) on nitrogen removal performance and microbial community structure in CWs for low C/N wastewater. The results demonstrated that the microbial community and effluent nitrogen concentration of CWs were mainly influenced by the carbon source rather than the substrate. Alkali-heated corncobs significantly enhanced the removal of NO2−-N, NH4+-N, NO3−-N and TN. Carbon sources addition increased microbial diversity. Alkali-heated corncobs addition significantly increased the abundance of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria (Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota). Furthermore, alkali-heated corncobs addition increased the copy number of nirS, nosZ and nirK genes while greenhouse gas fluxes were lower than common corncobs. In summary, alkali-heated corncobs can be considered as an effective carbon source.
Computational Models and Their Applications in Biomechanical Analysis of Mandibular Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Aftabi Hamidreza , Eghbal Atabak , McGregor Sophie , Zaraska Katrina , Prisman Eitan , Hodgson Antony , Fels Sideny 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Advanced head and neck cancers involving the
mandible often require surgical removal of the diseased parts
and replacement with donor bone or prosthesis to recreate the
form and function of the premorbid mandible. The degree to
which this reconstruction successfully replicates key geometric
features of the original bone critically affects the cosmetic
and functional outcomes of speaking, chewing, and breathing.
With advancements in computational power, biomechanical
modeling has emerged as a prevalent tool for predicting the
functional outcomes of the masticatory system and evaluating
the effectiveness of reconstruction procedures in patients
undergoing mandibular reconstruction surgery. These models
enable surgeons to provide cost-efficient and patient-specific
treatment tailored to the needs of individuals. To underscore
the significance of biomechanical modeling, we conducted a
review of 66 studies that utilized computational models in the
biomechanical analysis of mandibular reconstruction surgery.
These studies were categorized based on the main components
analyzed, including bone flaps, plates/screws, and prostheses, as
well as their design and material composition.