bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health literacy and its associated factors among nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yan Wen , Li Min , Luo Ling , Ju Xiangqun , Jamieson Lisa , Liu Fan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo investigate the oral health literacy (OHL) of nurses and explore the factors affecting their OHL.BackgroundOHL is important for improving the oral health outcomes. Nurses' OHL may affect the oral health of themselves, families, and patients. Few studies have examined the OHL and its related factors among nurses.DesignA cross‐sectional design following the STROBE guideline.MethodsA total of 449 nurses were recruited from tertiary hospitals in the minority areas of southwest China. The participants completed an online questionnaire, which contained questions related to the OHL, sociodemographic factors, general health, oral health and related behaviours, oral health knowledge, attitudes, and oral health‐related quality of life. OHL was measured using the validated Chinese version of the short‐form Health Literacy of Dentistry (HeLD‐14) scale. Descriptive statistics, the Mann–Whitney U test, Spearman's correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyse the data.ResultsThe median HeLD‐14 score (p25–p75) was 50.0 (44.0–54.0). The regression model for OHL was found to be significant. The factors that influenced OHL included oral health knowledge, oral health attitudes, self‐reported oral health, annual household income, and dental flossing; these factors accounted for 13.9% of the variance in OHL.ConclusionsThe nurse' OHL has room for improvement. Nurses' OHL could be improved by enriching their oral health knowledge, promoting their positive oral health attitudes, increasing their household income, and helping them build correct oral health behaviours.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings of the study could be used to make a case for changing nursing curricula. Oral health knowledge curriculum or programmes targeted towards nurses should be developed to improve their OHL.Patient or public contributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Race, Religion, and Black Lives Matter: Assessing the Association between Sermon Content and Racial Justice Attitudes and Behaviors
Authors: Brown R. Khari , Brown Ronald E. , Wyatt Randall 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe use the 2020/2021 National Politics Study to examine two central questions: 1. How do religious beliefs and clergy sermons about race associate with support for Black Lives Matter (BLM) and racial justice work? And 2. Is the relationship between religion and BLM‐related attitudes and activism similar or different across race groups? We found the following: In the months following the summer of 2020 protests in response to George Floyd's murder, African, Hispanic, and White American worship goers who heard sermons about race and policing were more likely than were their co‐ethnics to approve of BLM and to engage in racial justice work. Identifying with the religious left and believing that social justice is a core part of one's religaious beliefs is also associated with these groups approving of BLM and engaging in racial justice work. That said, race matters. These forms of religion tend to maintain stronger relationships with White BLM‐related attitudes and activism than they do for African Americans and Hispanics.
Optimizing therapy in primary biliary cholangitis: Alkaline phosphatase at six months identifies one‐year non‐responders and predicts survival
Authors: Murillo Perez C. Fiorella , Ioannou Stephanie , Hassanally Iman , Trivedi Palak J. , Corpechot Christophe , van der Meer Adriaan J. , Lammers Willem J. , Battezzati Pier Maria , Lindor Keith D. , Nevens Frederik , Kowdley Kris V. , Bruns Tony , Cazzagon Nora , Floreani Annarosa , Mason Andrew L. , Gulamhusein Aliya , Ponsioen Cyriel Y. , Carbone Marco , Lleo Ana , Mayo Marlyn J. , Dalekos George N. , Gatselis Nikolaos K. , Thorburn Douglas , Verhelst Xavier , Parés Albert , Londoño Maria‐Carlota , Janssen Harry L. A. , Invernizzi Pietro , Vuppalanchi Raj , Hirschfield Gideon M. , Hansen Bettina E. , Levy Cynthia ,   the Global PBC Study Group
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsPatients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and insufficient response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), currently assessed after 1 year, are candidates for second‐line therapy. The aims of this study are to assess biochemical response pattern and determine the utility of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at six months as a predictor of insufficient response.MethodsUDCA‐treated patients in the GLOBAL PBC database with available liver biochemistries at one year were included. POISE criteria were used to assess response to treatment, defined as ALP <1.67 × upper limit of normal (ULN) and normal total bilirubin at one year. Various thresholds of ALP at six months were evaluated to predict insufficient response based on negative predictive value (NPV) and that with nearest to 90% NPV was selected.ResultsFor the study, 1362 patients were included, 1232 (90.5%) female, mean age of 54 years. The POISE criteria were met by 56.4% (n = 768) of patients at one year. The median ALP (IQR) of those who met POISE criteria compared to those who did not was 1.05 × ULN (0.82–1.33) vs. 2.37 × ULN (1.72–3.69) at six months (p < .001). Of 235 patients with serum ALP >1.9 × ULN at six months, 89% did not achieve POISE criteria (NPV) after one year of UDCA. Of those with insufficient response by POISE criteria at one year, 210 (67%) had an ALP >1.9 × ULN at six months and thus would have been identified early.ConclusionsWe can identify patients for second‐line therapy at six months using an ALP threshold of 1.9 × ULN, given that approximately 90% of these patients are non‐responders according to POISE criteria.
The effects of physical exercise on structural, functional, and biochemical brain characteristics in individuals with chronic whiplash‐associated disorder: A pilot randomized clinical trial
Authors: de Zoete Rutger M. J. , McMahon Katie L. , Coombes Jeff S. , Sterling Michele 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundExercise for people with whiplash associated disorder (WAD) induces hypoalgesic effects in some, but hyperalgesic effects in others. We investigated the exercise‐induced neurobiological effects of aerobic and strengthening exercise in individuals with chronic WAD.MethodsSixteen participants (8 WAD, 8 pain‐free [CON]) were randomised to either aerobic or strengthening exercise. MRI for brain morphometry, functional MRI for brain connectivity, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy for brain biochemistry, were used at baseline and after the 8‐week intervention.ResultsThere were no differences in brain changes between exercise groups in either the WAD or CON group, therefore aerobic and strengthening data were combined to optimise sample size. After the exercise intervention, the CON group demonstrated increased cortical thickness (left parahippocampus: mean difference = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.07–0.00, p = 0.032; and left lateral orbital frontal cortex: mean difference = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.00–0.06, p = 0.048). The WAD group demonstrated an increase in prefrontal cortex (right medial orbital frontal) volume (mean difference = 95.57, 95% CI = 2.30–192.84, p = 0.046). Functional changes from baseline to follow‐up between the default mode network and the insula, cingulate cortex, temporal lobe, and somatosensory and motor cortices, were found in the CON group, but not in the WAD group. There were no changes post‐exercise in brain biochemistry.ConclusionAerobic and strengthening exercises did not exert differential effects on brain characteristics, however differences in structural and functional changes were found between WAD and CON groups. This suggests that an altered central pain modulatory response may be responsible for differential effects of exercise in individuals with chronic WAD.
Application of environmental sampling to investigate a case of avian chlamydiosis in a pet store and breeding facility leading to mass bird exposures
Authors: Bonwitt Jesse , Riethman Madison , Glashower Derel , Oltean Hanna N. , Wohrle Ron , Joseph Brian , McHale Brittany , Ritchie Branson 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChlamydia psittaci is a bacterium that causes chlamydiosis in birds and can cause zoonotic psittacosis in people. In November 2017, we received notification of a suspected case of avian chlamydiosis in a captive cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) that was sold by an online pet bird retail and breeding facility in Washington State. We describe the investigation with emphasis on how environmental sampling was used to guide veterinary and public health interventions. Bird samples were collected either from pooled droppings, pooled plumage or individual nasal and choanal swabs. Environmental samples were obtained by swabbing cleaning mops, tables and cage structures. All samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction and positive samples underwent genotyping. Approximately 1000 birds representing four taxonomic orders were kept within an open‐space warehouse. Eight of 14 environmental samples and one of two pooled faecal samples were positive for Chlamydia spp. The contaminating strain of Chlamydia spp. was identified as genotype A. The facility was closed for environmental disinfection, and all psittacines were treated with oral doxycycline for 45 days. Ten of 10 environmental and two of two pooled faecal samples were negative for C. psittaci 11 months after the completion of environmental disinfection and antimicrobial treatment. This investigation highlights the importance of preventing and mitigating pathogen incursion in an online pet retail and breeding facility. Environmental sampling is valuable to guide animal and public health interventions for control of C. psittaci, particularly when large numbers of birds are exposed to the pathogen.
Protocol for tumour-focused dose-escalated adaptive radiotherapy for the radical treatment of bladder cancer in a multicentre phase II randomised controlled trial (RAIDER): radiotherapy planning and delivery guidance
Authors: Hafeez Shaista , Webster Amanda , Hansen Vibeke N , McNair Helen A , Warren-Oseni Karole , Patel Emma , Choudhury Ananya , Creswell Joanne , Foroudi Farshad , Henry Ann , Kron Tomas , McLaren Duncan B , Mitra Anita V , Mostafid Hugh , Saunders Daniel , Miles Elizabeth , Griffin Clare , Lewis Rebecca , Hall Emma , Huddart Robert 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Daily radiotherapy delivered with radiosensitisation offers patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) comparable outcomes to cystectomy with functional organ preservation. Most recurrences following radiotherapy occur within the bladder. Increasing the delivered radiotherapy dose to the tumour may further improve local control. Developments in image-guided radiotherapy have allowed bladder tumour-focused ‘plan of the day’ radiotherapy delivery. We aim to test within a randomised multicentre phase II trial whether this technique will enable dose escalation with acceptable rates of toxicity.

Methods and analysis
Patients with T2-T4aN0M0 unifocal MIBC will be randomised (1:1:2) between standard/control whole bladder single plan radiotherapy, standard dose adaptive tumour-focused radiotherapy or dose-escalated adaptive tumour-focused radiotherapy (DART). Adaptive tumour-focused radiotherapy will use a library of three plans (small, medium and large) for treatment. A cone beam CT taken prior to each treatment will be used to visualise the anatomy and inform selection of the most appropriate plan for treatment.
Two radiotherapy fractionation schedules (32f and 20f) are permitted. A minimum of 120 participants will be randomised in each fractionation cohort (to ensure 57 evaluable DART patients per cohort).
A comprehensive radiotherapy quality assurance programme including pretrial and on-trial components is instituted to ensure standardisation of radiotherapy planning and delivery.
The trial has a two-stage non-comparative design. The primary end point of stage I is the proportion of patients meeting predefined normal tissue constraints in the DART group. The primary end point of stage II is late Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 3 or worse toxicity aiming to exclude a rate of >20% (80% power and 5% alpha, one sided) in each DART fractionation cohort. Secondary end points include locoregional MIBC control, progression-free survival overall survival and patient-reported outcomes.

Ethics and dissemination
This clinical trial is approved by the London-Surrey Borders Research Ethics Committee (15/LO/0539). The results when available will be disseminated via peer-reviewed scientific journals, conference presentations and submission to regulatory authorities.

Trial registration number

NCT02447549
Rate of paediatric gastrostomy insertion in England and relationship to epidemiology of cerebral palsy
Authors: Popescu Mara , Mutalib Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

Background and objectivesGastrostomy tubes are commonly used to provide an alternative route for enteral nutrition. Most of the gastrostomies are inserted in children with cerebral palsy. Previous studies have shown an increase in insertion rate, however, epidemiological studies reveal a stasis in prevalence of cerebral palsy. We aimed to provide an up-to-date rate of gastrostomy insertion in children in England over a 20-year period and systematically review the prevalence of cerebral palsy to ascertain an epidemiological explanation for insertion trends.MethodsRetrospective search of Hospital Episode Statistic, a database held diagnosis and procedural code from all England National Health Service hospitals from 2000 to 2021 using International Classification of Disease-10 and Office of Population Censuses and Survey’s Classification-4. England Office for National Statistics data were used for population census. MEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched for epidemiology of cerebral palsy.ResultsThere were 23 079 gastrostomies inserted in children <15 years in England (2000–2021) leading to a frequency of 12.4 insertions per 100 000 children per year and 1383 gastrostomy insertions in 15–18 years age group (6 per 100 000). The overall gastrostomy insertion rate in children <15 years has increased from 3.7 procedures per 100 000 in 2000 to 18.3 per 100 000 in 2017. Prevalence of cerebral palsy remained stable (1.5–3.3 per 1000 birth) since 1985.ConclusionsThere was a significant increase in the rate of gastrostomy insertion in children in England during most of the last 20 years not explained by a stable prevalence of cerebral palsy.
First-in-human, phase 1 study of PF-06753512, a vaccine-based immunotherapy regimen (VBIR), in non-metastatic hormone-sensitive biochemical recurrence and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)
Authors: Autio Karen A , Higano Celestia S , Nordquist Luke , Appleman Leonard J , Zhang Tian , Zhu Xin-Hua , Babiker Hani , Vogelzang Nicholas J , Prasad Sandip M , Schweizer Michael T , Madan Ravi A , Billotte Stephane , Cavazos Nora , Bogg Orlaith , Li Ray , Chan Kam , Cho Helen , Kaneda Megan , Wang I-Ming , Zheng Jenny , Tang Szu-Yu , Hollingsworth Robert , Kern Kenneth A , Petrylak Daniel P 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThis phase 1 study evaluated PF-06753512, a vaccine-based immunotherapy regimen (PrCa VBIR), in two clinical states of prostate cancer (PC), metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC) and biochemical recurrence (BCR).MethodsFor dose escalation, patients with mCRPC received intramuscular PrCa VBIR (adenovirus vector and plasmid DNA expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA)) with or without immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs, tremelimumab 40 or 80 mg with or without sasanlimab 130 or 300 mg, both subcutaneous). For dose expansion, patients with mCRPC received recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of PrCa VBIR plus tremelimumab 80 mg and sasanlimab 300 mg; patients with BCR received PrCa VBIR plus tremelimumab 80 mg (Cohort 1B-BCR) or tremelimumab 80 mg plus sasanlimab 130 mg (Cohort 5B-BCR) without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The primary endpoint was safety.ResultsNinety-one patients were treated in dose escalation (mCRPC=38) and expansion (BCR=35, mCRPC=18). Overall, treatment-related and immune-related adverse events occurred in 64 (70.3%) and 39 (42.9%) patients, with fatigue (40.7%), influenza-like illness (30.8%), diarrhea (23.1%), and immune-related thyroid dysfunction (19.8%) and rash (15.4%), as the most common. In patients with mCRPC, the objective response rate (ORR, 95% CI) was 5.6% (1.2% to 15.4%) and the median radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) was 5.6 (3.5 to not estimable) months for all; the ORR was 16.7% (3.6% to 41.4%) and 6-month rPFS rate was 45.5% (24.9% to 64.1%) for those who received RP2D with measurable disease (n=18). 7.4% of patients with mCRPC achieved a ≥50% decline in baseline PSA (PSA-50), with a median duration of 4.6 (1.2–45.2) months. In patients with BCR, 9 (25.7%) achieved PSA-50; the median duration of PSA response was 3.9 (1.9–4.2) and 10.1 (6.9–28.8) months for Cohorts 5B-BCR and 1B-BCR. Overall, antigen specific T-cell response was 88.0% to PSMA, 84.0% to PSA, and 80.0% to PSCA.ConclusionsPrCa VBIR overall demonstrated safety signals similar to other ICI combination trials; significant side effects were seen in some patients with BCR. It stimulated antigen-specific immunity across all cohorts and resulted in modest antitumor activity in patients with BCR without using ADT.Trial registration numberNCT02616185.
The fate of dissolved sulfamethoxazole during spring-thaw snowmelt in a field with a history of manure application
Authors: Soto Haven S.J.S. , Amarakoon Inoka D. , Casson Nora J. , Kumaragamage Darshani , Wilson Henry F. 
Published: May 2023

The fate of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in Prairie agroecosystems during snowmelt is not well understood. This study aims to provide the first estimates of concentrations and loads of SMX in snowmelt in a field with a history of manure application. The mean concentration of SMX throughout the snowmelt period was 0.0345 ± 0.066 µg/L. The SMX cumulative load was 3.81 ± 3.4 µg/L with a range of 1.03–12.8 µg/L. Both the concentration and load were not influenced by the method of manure application (i.e., surface applied versus sub-surface applied).
Management of natural resources in protected areas: interinstitutional dialogue, social capital, and agency in the transition to agroecological systems
Authors: Nogueira Aico Sipriano 
Published: May 2023

This article analyses the processes of participation and integration of groups living in and around protected areas, in efforts to convert conventional methods of agricultural production into agroecologicallysustainable practices. Taking as a case study a community located in the buffer zone of a large conservation unit, and part of the main contiguous remaining areas of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, this work focuses on the articulation among multiple existing elements in this area: an agroecological settlement, different levels of governance, internal social differentiation and classification systems, community agency, antagonistic visions of development, and their effects on community development practices. It also examines the external connections that the community establishes, acting as an instrument of compliance and reproduction of the dominant agrifood regime, and contributing to the formation and strengthening of an alternative short circuit of production and commercialization network, integrating local family producers to the consumers in large urban centres.
A escassez dos semicondutores e as transformações recentes do mercado automotivo
Authors: Pimentel André de Pieri , Pinho Isabela Vianna , Mano Apoena , Soares Anna Clara Pereira 
Published: May 2023

No contexto de pandemia do Covid-19, a cadeia automotiva no Brasil foi impactada pela indisponibilidade de semicondutores – microchips utilizados na produção de automóveis e de equipamentos eletrônicos, cujo consumo vem também produzindo impactos nos mercados de automóveis e autopeças. Este artigo objetiva analisar transformações recentes no setor, tomando como mote os deslocamentos contemporâneos na circulação desse componente. Tal análise partirá de dois contextos empíricos distintos: o Porto de Santos e um desmanche de veículos em São Paulo. Argumentamos que as transformações em tela devem ser compreendidas no cruzamento entre mobilidades físicas e comunicativas, apontando para importantes inflexões na cadeia automotiva em escala transnacional.
The global value chain of second-hand cars and scraps: an ethnographic account of on-the-ground practices, labour and regulations in Ghana
Authors: Cohen Corentin 
Published: May 2023

The article draws on ethnographic observations of second-hand car and spare-parts traders in Ghana to analyse how these goods are traded over continents and how the value of a car is shaped by grounded practices and categories that I describe. The position of Ghana in this global valuechain relies on regulations forged by the alliance between politicians, traders and mechanics of the informal sector, now challenged by manufacturers who promise to contribute to the country’s industrialisation; and the availability of skilled and cheap labour. This renders viable operations impossible elsewhere. I hypothesise that as these wastes are revalued in West Africa, they sustain the production cycle and automotive industry in rich countries.
A Internacional Situacionista e a ideia de um mundo sem fronteiras
Authors: Matos Alex de Carvalho 
Published: May 2023

O recente debate pautado por Balibar, Simone, Mbembe e Boaventura sobre a ideia de “um mundo sem fronteiras” evoca questões colocadas há mais de meio século pela Internacional Situacionista. Em torno da ideia de Urbanismo Unitário, este movimento de vanguarda articulou as interpretações de Guy-Ernst Debord (1931-1994) sobre a psicogeografia e a prática da deriva e as experimentações teórico- artísticas de Aton Constant Nieuwenhuys (1920-2005) na pintura, na escultura e na arquitetura, colocando a superação de fronteiras como uma tarefa fundamental de sua agenda revolucionária. No presente artigo, tendo como pano de fundo a crítica à colonialidade, são discutidas as afinidades entre o Urbanismo Unitário do pós-guerra e o atual debate sobre "um mundo sem fronteiras".
Estrategias enunciativas en el discurso musical del hip hop: el caso de MF DOOM
Authors: Núñez-Alberca Alejandro 
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo es el resultado de una indagación respecto a la obra del músico y productor discográfico de origen británico Daniel Dumile, mejor conocido por su nombre artístico MF DOOM. El enfoque fue cualitativo y se empleó el análisis discursivo con base en la semiótica estructural francesa. El objetivo consistió en identificar las strategias de articulación del yo a partir del proceso de enunciación musical de la letra y emparentarlo con otras manifestaciones artísticas del cantante. Se comprueba que el estilo lírico de Dumile depende de un muy delicado juego de desembragues y embragues enunciativos, los cualessirven de base para construir personajes en distintos momentos de sus composiciones y aproximándose lúdicamente al enunciatario.
Das cortes de justiça aos palcos midiáticos: estudo do gênero denúncia a partir da Operação Lava Jato
Authors: Lucena Mônica Barrêto Nóbrega de 
Published: May 2023

Por meio da noção de gênero integrada à semiótica das práticas, o presente trabalho busca investigar, a partir de um texto-ocorrência, a denúncia criminal. Parte-se da primeira denúncia efetuada pela Operação Lava Jato contra o naquela época ex-presidente Lula, a do Triplex do Guarujá, para analisar as características de produção e de circulação desse documento para, numa perspectiva pancrônica, compreender como elas se encaixam no gênero denúncia e como se pode pensar, a partir dessa noção, a prática jurídica da operação. A partir dos dados encontrados, descreve-se uma mudança na cena prática da denúncia, que se desloca de uma disputa jurídica para uma disputa midiática, associando-se esse cenário aos abusos de direitos cometidos pela operação e ao uso de lawfare.