bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐Scale Topography Achieved by MOPL with Positive Photoresist to Regulate the Cell Behavior
Authors: Guo Min , Liu Xiang‐Yang , Li Teng , Duan Qi , Dong Xian‐Zi , Liu Jie , Jin Feng , Zheng Mei‐Ling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCross‐scale micro‐nano structures play an important role in semiconductors, MEMS, chemistry, and cell biology. Positive photoresist is widely used in lithography due to the advantages of high resolution and environmental friendliness. However, cross‐scale micro‐nano structures of positive photoresist are difficult to flexibly pattern, and the feature resolution is limited by the optical diffraction. Here, cross‐scale patterned micro‐nano structures are achieved using the positive photoresist based on the femtosecond laser maskless optical projection lithography (MOPL) technique. The dependence between exposure dose and groove width is comprehensively analyzed, and a feature size of 112 nm is obtained at 110 µW. Furthermore, large‐area topography considering cell size is efficiently fabricated by the MOPL technique, which enables the regulation of cell behavior. The proposed protocol of achieving cross‐scale structures with the exact size by MOPL of positive photoresist would provide new avenues for potential applications in nanoelectronics and tissue engineering.
Universal Synthesis of Half‐Metallic Diatomic Catalysts for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis
Authors: Yao Yuechao , Jiang Tao , Lim Sung Yul , Frandsen Cathrine , Li Zhangjian , Dou Yibo , Wu Feiyan , Qin Jibo , Zou Jizhao , Stamate Eugen , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping efficient and low‐cost noble‐free metal electrocatalysts is an urgent requirement. Herein, a one‐step, solid‐state template‐assisted method for fabricating isolated half‐metallic diatomic M, Zn─N─C (M═Fe, Co, and Ni) catalysts is reported. In particular, the fabricated Fe, Zn─N─C structure exhibits superior oxygen reduction reaction capabilities with a half‐wave potential of 0.867 V versus RHE. The Mossbauer spectra reveal that the Fe, Zn─N─C half‐metallic diatomic catalyst has a large proportion of the D2 site (ferrous iron with a medium spin state). Density functional theory (DFT) reveals that in Fe, Zn─N─C structures, the zinc sites play a unique role in accelerating the protonation process of O2 in ORR. In assembled zinc–air batteries, a maximum power density of 138 mW cm−2 and a capacity of 748 mAh g zn−1 can be obtained. This work fabricates a series of efficient M, Zn─N─C diatomic electrocatalysts, and the developed solid‐state reaction method can hopefully apply in other energy conversion and storage fields.
Surface‐Mediated Charge Transfer of Photogenerated Carriers in Diamond
Authors: Chemin Arsène , Levine Igal , Rusu Marin , Vaujour Rémi , Knittel Peter , Reinke Philipp , Hinrichs Karsten , Unold Thomas , Dittrich Thomas , Petit Tristan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSolvated electrons are highly reductive chemical species whose chemical properties remain largely unknown. Diamond materials are proposed as a promising emitter of solvated electrons and visible light excitation would enable solar‐driven CO2 or N2 reductions reactions in aqueous medium. But sub‐bandgap excitation remains challenging. In this work, the role of surface states on diamond materials for charge separation and emission in both gaseous and aqueous environments from deep UV to visible light excitation is elucidated. Four different X‐ray and UV–vis spectroscopy methods are applied to diamond materials with different surface termination, doping and crystallinity. Surface states are found to dominate sub‐bandgap charge transfer. However, the surface charge separation is drastically reduced for boron‐doped diamond due to a very high density of bulk defects. In a gaseous atmosphere, the oxidized diamond surface maintains a negative electron affinity, allowing charge emission, due to remaining hydrogenated and hydroxylated groups. In an aqueous electrolyte, a photocurrent for illumination down to 3.5 eV is observed for boron‐doped nanostructured diamond, independent of the surface termination. This study opens new perspectives on photo‐induced interfacial charge transfer processes from metal‐free semiconductors such as diamonds.
Analysis of interfacial stresses on narrow beams strengthened by FRP straps with a side anchorage system
Authors: Zhou Chaoyang , Fan Wenhua , Tang Ming , Wang Yi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInterfacial stress concentrations at fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) ends can easily cause premature debonding failure of FRP‐strengthened beams. To solve this problem in narrow beams, a hybrid strengthening method was proposed in our previous study, but the theoretical stress analysis was lacking due to the complexity at the anchorage zone. In this study, the interfacial stresses of the hybrid strengthened beam were initially analyzed by decomposing it into a purely bonded beam under three different effects, including the load on the beam, the tensile force at the end of the FRP strap released from anchor plates and a pair of eccentric forces induced by the side anchorage system towards the midspan. By summing the special solutions of the three cases, the expressions for the total interfacial stresses of a hybrid strengthened beam were determined. Moreover, a formula for the shear stiffness of the side anchorage system was proposed, in which the side plate and the bolt were compared to a deep cantilever beam and an elastic foundation beam, respectively. Finally, a finite element model was developed to verify the applicability of the proposed theoretical model. The theoretical and simulated results were in satisfactory agreement for a hybrid strengthened beam.
Cyclic Sulfinamides
Authors: Dobrydnev Alexey V. , Popova Maria V. , Volovenko Yulian M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe literature on cyclic sulfinamides (put simply, sultims) published from 1989 to 2022 has been summarized and reviewed. The information is divided into two sections: the analysis of synthetic methods on the preparation of cyclic sulfinamides and the discussion of the chemical properties of cyclic sulfinamides focusing on their reactions and applications. The survey of the reaction conditions, provided in the most detailed way, and a critical view of the reaction mechanisms add an extra dimension to the text. The data presented will be useful to specialists in different areas, especially those who work in the field of synthetic organic and pharmaceutical chemistry.
Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii and Coxiella species in rats and chickens from poultry farms in North West Province, South Africa
Authors: Ramatla Tsepo , Khumalo Zamantungwa T. H. , Matshotshi Asiashu , Lekota Kgaugelo E. , Taioe Moeti O. , Thekisoe Oriel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoxiella burnetii is a bacterial pathogen that causes query fever and coxiellosis in humans and animals, respectively. There is a scarcity of studies on the prevalence of C. burnetii infections in rats and chickens in South Africa.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of C. burnetii in rats and chickens sampled from poultry farms in the North West Province of South Africa.MethodsDNA was extracted from rodent kidneys (n = 68) and chicken faeces (n = 52). Two rodent pest species, namely Rattus rattus and Rattus tanezumi, were identified by analysis of CO1 gene sequences. Detection of C. burnetii was carried out using polymerase chain reaction assays targeting 23S rRNA, 16S rRNA and IS111 markers.ResultsC. burnetii was detected in 16.2%, 8.8% and 25% of R. rattus, R. tanezumi and chickens, respectively.ConclusionsThe findings in this study demonstrate that rodents and chickens are harbouring C. burnetii at sampled poultry farms. There should be frequent screening for C. burnetii in poultry operations. The likelihood of future transmission between rodents and chickens, including humans, also needs to be investigated.
Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds
Authors: Kakooza Steven , Mutebi Francis , Ssajjakambwe Paul , Wampande Eddie , Nabatta Esther , Atuheire Collins , Tsuchida Sayaka , Okubo Torahiko , Ushida Kazunari , Kaneene John Baligwamunsi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundMastitis and associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are major challenges to the dairy industry worldwide.ObjectiveThis study aimed to expose the mastitis burden, causative bacteria and drivers for mastitis‐causing multi‐drug‐resistant (MDR) Staphylococci infectivity in cows on dairy farms in Wakiso district, Uganda.MethodsOn 22 farms, practices were documented using questionnaires, and 175 cows were screened by the California mastitis test. Composite milk samples from the positive reactors were submitted to the laboratory for bacterial culture testing. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was done only on Staphylococci with a panel of 10 antimicrobials of clinical relevance.ResultsMastitis was detected in 80.6% (n = 141) of the 175 sampled cows, of which sub‐clinical mastitis (76.0%: n = 133) was predominant. The Chi‐squared analysis hypothesized that cow age (p = 0.017), sub‐county (p = 0.013), parity (p < 0.0001), sex of farm owner (p = 0.003), farm duration in dairy production (p = 0.048) and the use of milking salve (p = 0.006) were associated with mastitis. Coagulase‐negative Staphylococci were the most prevalent (71.4%; n = 95), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (30.1%, n = 40). Staphylococci (76.3%; n = 135) were majorly resistant to penicillin and tetracycline. Only one isolate was phenotyped as a methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus specie (MRSS). The prevalences of MDR strains at cow and isolate level were 6.3% and 8.3%. The major MDR phenotype identified was penicillin–tetracycline–trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole. The isolate detected as an MRSS exhibited the broadest MDR pattern. Cow parity was identified as a predictor of infectivity of mastitis‐causing MDR Staphylococci in dairy herds.ConclusionThe high prevalence of mastitis and associated pathogen AMR found exposes possibilities of economic losses for the dairy sector warranting the need for farmer sensitization on the institution of proper mastitis prevention and control programs, with emphasis on milking hygiene practices and routine disease monitoring.
Decolonizing global health: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Amri Michelle , Yang Jinny , Barrett Kathryn , Bump Jesse B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough there has been attention paid to decolonizing global health, there is no accepted understanding of the concept. Therefore, this protocol outlines the steps for a planned scoping review to assess the academic literature for discussions on decolonizing global health. Namely, to consider what this concept means within mainstream global health databases and how it can be acted on. We also hope to shed light on who is participating in these discussions. The PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) was used to develop this scoping review protocol. With the guidance of an academic librarian, we searched OVID Medline, OVID Embase, EBSCO CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, PAIS Index, Worldwide Political Science Abstracts, and the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences databases from inception to the date the search is conducted. The inclusion criterion is that texts must: (i) use the exact phrasing of “decoloni* global health” or “anticolonial global health,” (ii) include substantive discussion of what decolonizi* global health or anticolonial global health means (i.e., we will exclude single mentions that do not include an explanation, elaboration, or context), and (iii) be published in English. Similarly, the exclusion criteria include: (i) texts that do not substantively discuss decolonizing global health and (ii) grey literature hits. This protocol establishes the study parameters for the planned scoping review. We anticipate the findings from the scoping review to bring much needed clarity to discussions around decolonizing global health, in terms of meaning(s), gaps, and possible actions.
MA‐XRF analysis of ancient silver coins minted in southern Italy
Authors: Brocchieri Jessica , Vitale Rosa , Sabbarese Carlo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAt the Museo Campano (Capua, Italy), eight double‐relief silver coins belonging to southern Italian poleis and dated between the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the 3rd century BC were analysed. These coins are of great interest to historians and archaeologists because they provide extensive evidence on the monetary history and circulation of coins since the earliest times in the Campania region. Non‐invasive in situ analyses were performed using point XRF and MA‐XRF measurements and digital microscope photos. These coins were of high fineness. Data analysis methods using ROI imaging, deconvoluted maps, NMF (nonnegative matrix factorization), and k‐means were applied on the elemental maps to study the critical surface areas and to compare the effectiveness of different methods not commonly used for coins. These results combined with numismatic studies provided information on the historical context, the alloy used, and cases such as subaerati and restored coins. Important data were obtained on the currencies of the period under review, which will be useful to integrate with the analysis of further samples.
Ricœur’s Early Language, Activism and Algeria
Authors: Scott-Baumann Alison 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter on Algeria, and Chaps. 5 and 6 on Nanterre and Chicago respectively, present certain historical and conceptual aspects of Ricœur’s activism on campus and outline his intellectual development. I will demonstrate the irrefutable connections between his ideas and his applied work. As a junior academic, Ricœur held utopian ideas about the university as a site for self-development and rich educational opportunities for all, as well as a locus for political activism. In this chapter, I consider the role of the university campus in Ricœur’s early to mid-career struggles with abuses of power in the idealism that followed World War 2, reflected through his philosophy. As a relatively junior academic, his approach, based on polemical discussion with students, was successful from 1947 in opposing colonial France in Algeria.
Challenging ‘Bad Infinity’
Authors: Scott-Baumann Alison 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRicœur enjoyed the open, collegial North American campus in contrast to the French atmosphere that he felt was characterized by student actions he supported, yet often understood as negative militancy. However, in America he also became wary of attempts by minority campus groups to replace discrimination with celebratory recognition of their difference. I interpret his approach as based upon a flawed understanding of power imbalances, exemplified in his development of the term ‘bad infinity’ to describe what he perceived as ever more insistent and insatiable minority demands. This is a common position that I see in myself, so in challenging his work I am challenging myself.
Chirurgisches Nahtmaterial – Grundlagen
Authors: Dresing Klaus , Slongo Theddy 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungAm Ende der chirurgischen Therapie wird der Zugang mit Nahtmaterial geschlossen. Chirurgische Nähte werden also zur Adaptation von Wundrändern und Gewebe verwendet. Aufgabe des Nahtmaterials ist, die Gewebe bis zur Heilung zusammenzuhalten. Für Patienten ist eine kosmetisch gute Naht häufig das Zeichen einer guten Chirurgie. Für verschiedene Gewebe und -schichten werden unterschiedliche Anforderungen an das Nahtmaterial gestellt. Es werden die verschiedenen Arten von monofil über polyfil, geflochten, von resorbierbar bis nichtresorbierbar vorgestellt. Die Eingruppierung der Fadenstärken wird verglichen. Die Einsatzgebiete verschiedener Fadenstärken und die Dauer bis zum Fadenzug in den verschiedenen Körperregionen werden vorgestellt. Detailliert werden die Einhand- und Zweihandtechnik der chirurgischen Knoten erläutert. Die Technik der Nahtmaterialentfernung wird präsentiert. Im Online-Material können die Nahtmaterialien verschiedener Zusammensetzung und Hersteller gegenübergestellt werden.
Beyond federated data: a data commoning proposition for the EU’s citizen-centric digital strategy
Authors: Calzati Stefano , van Loenen Bastiaan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn various official documents, the European Union has declared its goal to pursue a citizen-centric governance of digital transformation. Through a critical review of several of these documents, here we show how “citizen-centric” is more a glamouring than a driving concept. De facto, the EU is enabling a federated data system that is corporate-driven, economic-oriented, and GDPR-compliant; in other words, a Digital Single Market (DSM). This leaves out societal and collective-level dimensions of digital transformation—such as social inclusion, digital sovereignty, and environmental sustainability—which are acknowledged, but not operationalized, by the EU as pillars of a citizen-centric governance. Hence, the door is open to a complementary approach to the governance of digital transformation. We argue that, while a federated data model can constitute the tech-legal backbone of the emerging DSM, a commoning of data, as an ecosystemic approach that maintains a societal and collective outlook by default, can represent a complement to enact a truly citizen-centric governance.
Valorization of lignocellulosic wastes for sustainable xylanase production from locally isolated Bacillus subtilis exploited for xylooligosaccharides’ production with potential antimicrobial activity
Authors: El-Gendi Hamada , Badawy Ahmed S. , Bakhiet Elsayed K. , Rawway Mohammed , Ali Salah G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe worldwide availability of lignocellulosic wastes represents a serious environmental challenge with potential opportunities. Xylanases are crucial in lignocellulosic bio-hydrolysis, but the low enzyme productivity and stability are still challenges. In the current study, Bacillus subtilis (coded ARSE2) revealed potent xylanase activity among other local isolates. The enzyme production optimization revealed that maximum enzyme production (490.58 U/mL) was achieved with 1% xylan, 1.4% peptone, and 5% NaCl at 30 °C and pH 9. Furthermore, several lignocellulosic wastes were exploited for sustainable xylanase production, where sugarcane bagasse (16%) under solid-state fermentation and woody sawdust (2%) under submerged fermentation supported the maximum enzyme titer of about 472.03 and 485.7 U/mL, respectively. The partially purified enzyme revealed two protein bands at 42 and 30 kDa. The partially purified enzyme revealed remarkable enzyme activity and stability at 50–60 °C and pH 8–9. The enzyme also revealed significant stability toward tween-80, urea, DTT, and EDTA with Vmax and Km values of 1481.5 U/mL and 0.187 mM, respectively. Additionally, the purified xylanase was applied for xylooligosaccharides production, which revealed significant antimicrobial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus with lower activity against Escherichia coli. Hence, the locally isolated Bacillus subtilis ARSE2 could fulfill the xylanase production requirements in terms of economic production at a high titer with promising enzyme characteristics. Additionally, the resultant xylooligosaccharides revealed a promising antimicrobial potential, which paves the way for other medical applications.
Crowd-sourced and expert video assessment in minimally invasive esophagectomy
Authors: Ketel Mirte H. M. , Klarenbeek Bastiaan R. , Eddahchouri Yassin , Cuesta Miguel A. , van Daele Elke , Gutschow Christian A. , Hölscher Arnulf H. , Hubka Michal , Luyer Misha D. P. , Merritt Robert E. , Nieuwenhuijzen Grard A. P. , Shen Yaxing , Abma Inger L. , Rosman Camiel , van Workum Frans 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Video-based assessment by experts may structurally measure surgical performance using procedure-specific competency assessment tools (CATs). A CAT for minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE-CAT) was developed and validated previously. However, surgeon’s time is scarce and video assessment is time-consuming and labor intensive. This study investigated non-procedure-specific assessment of MIE video clips by MIE experts and crowdsourcing, collective surgical performance evaluation by anonymous and untrained laypeople, to assist procedure-specific expert review.

Methods
Two surgical performance scoring frameworks were used to assess eight MIE videos. First, global performance was assessed with the non-procedure-specific Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills (GOALS) of 64 procedural phase-based video clips < 10 min. Each clip was assessed by two MIE experts and > 30 crowd workers. Second, the same experts assessed procedure-specific performance with the MIE-CAT of the corresponding full-length video. Reliability and convergent validity of GOALS for MIE were investigated using hypothesis testing with correlations (experience, blood loss, operative time, and MIE-CAT).

Results
Less than 75% of hypothesized correlations between GOALS scores and experience of the surgical team (r < 0.3), blood loss (r = − 0.82 to 0.02), operative time (r = − 0.42 to 0.07), and the MIE-CAT scores (r = − 0.04 to 0.76) were met for both crowd workers and experts. Interestingly, experts’ GOALS and MIE-CAT scores correlated strongly (r = 0.40 to 0.79), while crowd workers’ GOALS and experts’ MIE-CAT scores correlations were weak (r = − 0.04 to 0.49). Expert and crowd worker GOALS scores correlated poorly (ICC ≤ 0.42).

Conclusion
GOALS assessments by crowd workers lacked convergent validity and showed poor reliability. It is likely that MIE is technically too difficult to assess for laypeople. Convergent validity of GOALS assessments by experts could also not be established. GOALS might not be comprehensive enough to assess detailed MIE performance. However, expert’s GOALS and MIE-CAT scores strongly correlated indicating video clip (instead of full-length video) assessments could be useful to shorten assessment time.

Graphical abstract
Towards a unified terminology for sonification and visualization
Authors: Enge Kajetan , Rind Alexander , Iber Michael , Höldrich Robert , Aigner Wolfgang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBoth sonification and visualization convey information about data by effectively using our human perceptual system, but their ways to transform the data differ. Over the past 30 years, the sonification community has demanded a holistic perspective on data representation, including audio-visual analysis, several times. A design theory of audio-visual analysis would be a relevant step in this direction. An indispensable foundation for this endeavor is a terminology describing the combined design space. To build a bridge between the domains, we adopt three of the established theoretical constructs from visualization theory for the field of sonification. The three constructs are the spatial substrate, the visual mark, and the visual channel. In our model, we choose time to be the temporal substrate of sonification. Auditory marks are then positioned in time, such as visual marks are positioned in space. Auditory channels are encoded into auditory marks to convey information. The proposed definitions allow discussing visualization and sonification designs as well as multi-modal designs based on a common terminology. While the identified terminology can support audio-visual analytics research, it also provides a new perspective on sonification theory itself.