bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of serum VIP and aCGRP during pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis: A longitudinal pilot study of patients undergoing antibiotic therapy
Authors: Al-Keilani Maha S. , Awad Samah , Hammouri Hanan M. , Al Shalakhti Tala , Almomani Basima A. , Dahabreh Muna M. , Ajlony Mohammad-Jaafar 
Published: May 2023

Background
Objective monitoring of improvement during treatment of pulmonary exacerbation can be difficulty in children when pulmonary function testing cannot be obtained. Thus, the identification of predictive biomarkers to determine the efficacy of drug treatments is of high priority. The major aim of the current study was to investigate the serum levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and alpha calcitonin gene related peptide (aCGRP) of cystic fibrosis pediatric patients during pulmonary exacerbation and post-antibiotic therapy, and possible associations of their levels with different clinicopathological parameters.

Methods
21 patients with cystic fibrosis were recruited at onset of pulmonary exacerbation. Serum was collected at time of admission, three days post-antibiotic therapy, and two weeks post-antibiotic therapy (end of antibiotic therapy). Serum VIP and aCGRP levels were measured using ELISA.

Results
Overall least square means of serum aCGRP level but not VIP changed from time of exacerbation to completion of antibiotic therapy (p = 0.005). Serum VIP was significantly associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.026) and other comorbidities (p = 0.013), and with type of antibiotic therapy (p = 0.019). Serum aCGRP level was significantly associated with type of antibiotic therapy (p = 0.012) and positive Staphylococcus aureus microbiology test (p = 0.046).

Conclusion
This study could only show significant changes in serum aCGRP levels following treatment of pulmonary exacerbations. Future studies with larger sample size are required to investigate the clinical importance of VIP and aCGRP in cystic fibrosis patients.
Definition and surgical timing in cauda equina syndrome–An updated systematic review
Authors: Mustafa Mohammad A. , Richardson George E. , Gillespie Conor S. , Islim Abdurrahman I. , Wilby Martin , Clark Simon , Srikandarajah Nisaharan 
Published: May 2023

Study design
Systematic review.

Objectives
To conduct a systematic review identifying existing definitions of cauda equina syndrome (CES) and time to surgery in the literature for patients with CES.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Ovid Medline, Embase, CINAHL Plus, and trial registries were searched from October 1st, 2016, to 30th December 2022, and combined with articles identified from a previous systematic review by the same authors (studies published 1990–2016).

Results
A total of 110 studies (52,008 patients) were included. Of these only 16 (14.5%) used established definitions in defining CES, including Fraser criteria (n = 6), British Association of Spine Surgeons (BASS) (n = 5), Gleave and MacFarlane (n = 2), and other (n = 3). Most reported symptoms were urinary dysfunction (n = 44, 40%%), altered sensation in the perianal region (n = 28, 25.5%) and bowel dysfunction (n = 20, 18.2%). Sixty-eight (61.8%) studies included details on time to surgery. There was an increase in percentage of studies defining CES published in the last 5 years compared to ones from 1990–2016 (58.6% vs 77.5.%, P = .045).

Conclusions
Despite Fraser recommendations, substantial heterogeneity exists in reporting of CES definitions, and a start point for time to surgery, with most authors using self-defined criteria. A consensus is required to define CES and time to surgery, to allow consistency in reporting and study analysis.
Role of intrapulmonary lymph nodes in patients with NSCLC and visceral pleural invasion. The VPI 1314 multicenter registry study protocol
Authors: Minervini Fabrizio , Kestenholz Peter , Bertoglio Pietro , Li Allen , Nilius Henning 
Published: May 2023

Background
In the lung cancer classification (TNM), the involvement of thoracic lymph nodes is relevant from a diagnostic and prognostic point of view. Even if imaging modality could help in selecting patients who should undergo surgery, a systematic lymph node dissection during lung surgery is mandatory to identify the subgroup of patients who can benefit from an adjuvant treatment.

Methods
Patients undergoing elective lobectomy/bilobectomy/segmentectomy) for non-small cell lung cancer and lymphadenectomy with lymph nodes station 10-11-12-13-14 sampling that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be recorded in a multicenter prospective database. The overall incidence of N1 patients (subclassified in: Hilar Lymph nodes, Lobar Lymph nodes and Sublobar Lymph nodes) will be examined as well as the incidence of visceral pleural invasion.

Discussion
The aim of this multicenter prospective study is to evaluate the incidence of intrapulmonary lymph nodes metastases and the possible relation with visceral pleural invasion. Identifying patients with lymph node station 13 and 14 metastases and/or a link between visceral pleural invasion and presence of micro/macro metastases in intrapulmonary lymph nodes may have an impact on decision-making process.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05596578.
Building the Caliphate: Construction, Destruction, and Sectarian Identity in Early Fatimid Architecture, Jennifer Pruitt (2020)
Authors: Milwright Marcus 
Published: May 2023

Review of: Building the Caliphate: Construction, Destruction, and Sectarian Identity in Early Fatimid Architecture, Jennifer Pruitt (2020)
New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 216 pp., 19 b&w and 77 colour illus.,
ISBN: 9780300246827, $65 (cloth)
KEMATANGAN EMOSI DAN KEPUASAN PERNIKAHAN PADA PEREMPUAN YANG MENIKAH MUDA DI KECAMATAN BANDAR KABUPATEN BATANG
Authors: Nurmaya Silfa Izzul , Ediati Annastasia 
Published: May 2023

Pernikahan usia muda di Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Batang dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan, tetapi angka perceraian juga meningkat terutama pada pasangan yang saat menikah berusia kurang dari 20 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara kematangan emosi dengan kepuasan pernikahan pada perempuan yang menikah muda di Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Batang. Sebanyak 117 perempuan yang dulunya menikah di bawah usia 20 tahun dan merupakan warga Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Batang menjadi partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Skala Kematangan Emosi (12 aitem; α= 0,776) dan Skala Kepuasan Pernikahan (43 aitem; α= 0,944). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman’s Rho menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kematangan emosi dengan kepuasan pernikahan (rs= 0,527, p= 0,000). Hal ini berarti, semakin baik kematangan emosi responden, semakin tinggi pula kepuasan pernikahannya, dan sebaliknya. Lebih lanjut, partisipan penelitian ini memiliki karakteristik sebagai berikut: rentang usia perkawinan partisipan adalah 2-10 tahun, dengan latar belakang pendidikan beragam dari SD hingga SMA, serta mayoritas ibu rumah tangga. Temuan ini perlu diperdalam dengan melakukan penelitian serupa pada pasangan dengan usia perkawinan di bawah dua tahun atau pada pasangan dengan peran ganda karena bekerja. Pada penelitian ini, kematangan emosi dan kepuasan pernikahan partisipan mungkin dipengaruhi oleh umur perkawinan yang memungkinkan terjadinya penyesuaian perkawinan dengan baik.
The Effect of Different Concentration of Salt to the Glutamic Acid in Catfish Bakasam Powder
Authors: Puspita Dhania Adhi , Agustini Tri Winarni 
Published: May 2023

“Bekasam" adalah produk fermentasi yang terbuat dari ikan yang dibalut dengan garam dan nasi. Selama proses fermentasi terjadi pemecahan protein menjadi molekul-molekul yang lebih sederhana terutama asam glutamat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi garam terhadap kadar asam glutamat pada bubuk bekasam ikan lele. Metode penelitian bersifat experimental laboratories menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan (kontrol, garam 10%, garam 15% dan garam 20%). Parameter uji yang diamati adalah uji hedonik, kadar asam glutamat, nilai pH, kadar protein, kadar air dan daya larut air. Data parametrik (glutamat, pH, protein, air dan daya larut air) dianalisa menggunakan uji ANOVA, sedangkan data hedonik menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari uji hedonik menunjukkan bahwa bubuk bekasam ikan lele dengan konsentrasi garam 20% paling disukai. Perbedaan konsentrasi garam memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P≤0,05) terhadap nilai kadar asam glutamat, pH, protein, kadar air, dan daya larut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh asam glutamat 43,68-4,47% ; pH 5,77-6,3 ; protein 28,65%-29,87% ; air 4,36%-12,15% ; kelarutan 44,87%-52,15%. Perlakuan konsentrasi garam 20% menghasilkan nilai tertinggi pada pengujian pH, kadar protein dan kelarutan.
Multichannel modulation of depolarizing and repolarizing ion currents increases the positive rate‐dependent action potential prolongation
Authors: Cabo Candido 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProlongation of the action potential duration (APD) could prevent reentrant arrhythmias if prolongation occurs at the fast excitation rates of tachycardia with minimal prolongation at slow excitation rates (i.e., if prolongation is positive rate‐dependent). APD prolongation by current anti‐arrhythmic agents is either reverse (larger APD prolongation at slow rates than at fast rates) or neutral (similar APD prolongation at slow and fast rates), which may not result in an effective anti‐arrhythmic action. In this report we show that, in computer models of the human ventricular action potential, the combined modulation of both depolarizing and repolarizing ion currents results in a stronger positive rate‐dependent APD prolongation than modulation of repolarizing potassium currents. A robust positive rate‐dependent APD prolongation correlates with an acceleration of phase 2 repolarization and a deceleration of phase 3 repolarization, which leads to a triangulation of the action potential. A positive rate‐dependent APD prolongation decreases the repolarization reserve with respect to control, which can be managed by interventions that prolong APD at fast excitation rates and shorten APD at slow excitation rates. For both computer models of the action potential, ICaL and IK1 are the most important ion currents to achieve a positive rate‐dependent APD prolongation. In conclusion, multichannel modulation of depolarizing and repolarizing ion currents, with ion channel activators and blockers, results in a robust APD prolongation at fast excitation rates, which should be anti‐arrhythmic, while minimizing APD prolongation at slow heart rates, which should reduce pro‐arrhythmic risks.
Assigning Property Rights to Scarce Resources when Individual Wealth Levels are Observable
Authors: Kim Jeong-Yoo , Lee Jeho 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this note, we consider how to allocate property rights to scarce resources when agents have budget constraints. Each individual’s wealth level is often observable to the state, although the individual subjective valuation for the resource is hardly known to the state. Under this situation, we mainly compare the efficiency of allocations under two assignment mechanisms; (i) the random assignment with resale and (ii) priority assignment to the poorest with resale. We show that the latter is more efficient than the former. If the mass of goods to be allocated is large enough, the latter can achieve social optimum.
Application of the ramp test from a closed cavity rheometer to obtain the steady-state shear viscosity η(γ̇)
Authors: Ellwanger Felix , Georgantopoulos Christos K. , Karbstein Heike P. , Wilhelm Manfred , Azad Emin M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The steady-state shear viscosity

η
(

γ
̇

)

\eta (\dot{\gamma })

is required in controlling processing parameters for the extrusion processing of polymer melts. A new method, the so-called ramp test, is investigated in this study to obtain the steady-state shear viscosity with a closed cavity rheometer (CCR). To verify the method and the accuracy of the CCR data, three commercial polyolefin polymers, a low-density polyethylene (LDPE), a linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and a polybutadiene (PBD), were used as model systems. Measurements of the magnitude of the complex viscosity

∣

η

⁎

(

ω

)

∣

| {\eta }^{\ast }(\omega )|

were compared with the steady-state shear viscosity data obtained by capillary rheometer and CCR. Further, time–temperature superposition master curves of the magnitude of the complex viscosity and steady-state shear viscosity obtained by CCR were developed for LLDPE and PBD. The influence of the cavity sealing on the instrument’s accuracy to obtain the steady-state shear viscosity was investigated using the finite element method simulations. Thus, it was shown that the ramp test performed by CCR is a practical method to determine reliable and reproducible data of the steady-state shear viscosity within a wide range of temperatures (T = 50–180°C) for low and high viscous materials (

∣

η

⁎

(

ω

)

∣

| {\eta }^{\ast }(\omega )|

= 1.6–480 kPa s, M
w = 144–375 kg mol−1).
The abrogative effect of propolis on acrylamide-induced toxicity in male albino rats: Histological study
Authors: Al Syaad Khalid M. , Al-Doaiss Amin A. , Ahmed Ahmed Ezzat , El-Mekkawy Haitham , Abdelrahman Mohamed , El-Mansi Ahmed A. , Kulyar Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam , Ali Montaser Elsayed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The present study investigated the toxic action of acrylamide (ACR) and the abrogative effect of aqueous propolis extract on ACR-induced toxicity in male albino rats. Forty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups and administered the treatment doses orally by gavage. Control, treated with a physiological solution (5.0 ml/rat). ACR-treated group, treated with ACR 25 mg/kg. ACR + propolis, treated with 25 mg/kg ACR + 100 mg/kg propolis. Propolis-treated group, treated with 100 mg/kg. The treatment period was 28 days, the treatment doses were administered orally using a gavage stomach tube. The results showed that the presence of ACR increased (P < 0.001) the level of liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (167.2 vs 90.15) and aspartate aminotransferase (120.66 vs 41.52) in the liver tissue serum and lipid peroxidation products (80.11 vs 39.3); also, it decreased (P < 0.001) the total capacity of antioxidants (113.4 vs 189.41) compared to the control group. The histological analysis of the kidney revealed alterations induced by ACR, including atrophy, necrosis, renal glomeruli atrophy, tubular necrosis, enlargement of the glomeruli, hemorrhage, and edema surrounding the blood vessels. Also, the results showed that the rats treated with propolis improved liver and kidney functions because of propolis’s efficiency against the harmful effects of ACR. Moreover, the histological examination of the liver tissue revealed negative changes, with focal necrosis in hepatocytes. Microscopic examination showed tubular necrosis within the seminiferous tubules, sloughing, and desquamation of sperm cells into the lumen. Also, an infiltration of protein substances between the tubules and degenerative vacuolar changes between sperm cells was observed. The renal, hepatic, and testicular tissues appeared almost similar to the control group, except for some minor changes. This study proved that feeding the rats with propolis reduced these pathological effects and restored the tissues to a normal state. It is concluded that using propolis with ACR significantly reduced the biochemical and histological damage caused by ACR, and recommends using propolis as a cytoprotective agent against pathological toxicity of ACR.
The new frontier: a case for whole exome sequencing with multiple fetal anomalies
Authors: Mei Jenny Y. , Dayani Lila , Platt Lawrence D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Standard genetic testing can fail to identify an underlying genetic etiology in pregnancies affected by multiple fetal abnormalities. Recently, whole exome sequencing (WES) studies have shown promise in recognizing genetic diagnoses where standard genetic testing does not yield answers.

Case presentation
A 35-year-old G1P0 healthy female found at anatomy scan to have multiple fetal anomalies, including severe bilateral ventriculomegaly, renal pyelectasis, and short long bones. Karyotype and microarray were normal. Whole exome sequencing showed the fetus was compound heterozygous for likely pathogenic variants in the ROBO1 gene.

Conclusions
In the presence of multiple fetal anomalies with normal karyotype and microarray, whole exome sequencing should be considered to not only provide answers for the affected parents, but also aid in future pregnancy planning.
Economic analysis of HRES-based distributed generation for mitigation of power loss and voltage profile problem
Authors: Muleta Negasa , Badar Altaf Q. H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Power loss, voltage deviation and reliability are the issues that are widely encountered in the power system operation of developing countries. The Eastern region of Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) is characterized by long transmission lines with no power generation units and large loads. Power loss and voltage profile deviations are experienced repeatedly in this region. The aim of this study is to present an extensive analysis of the role of Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources (HRES) used as Distributed Generation (DG) for power loss minimization, voltage profile and reliability improvement in EEP. The research work initially proves the superior performance of Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) for the sizing and placement of DG. Optimal sizing and location of DG are then performed for the case study system using MRFO. The results indicate considerable power loss reduction and improvement in the voltage profile of the network. The reliability of the system is also improved by having an alternative energy source from RES. Wind and solar are considered as part of DG, the combination of which is then optimized through MRFO in the next part of the research. An economic feasibility analysis of the proposed result is also presented for this real-world problem. MATPOWER is used for executing the load flow whereas MATLAB programming is used for implementing MRFO. The result shows that the utility got economic benefits due to the introduction of DG to the network.
Through thick and thin: how optical cavities control spin
Authors: Dixon Jefferson , Pan Feng , Moradifar Parivash , Bordoloi Priyanuj , Dagli Sahil , Dionne Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
When light interacts with matter by means of scattering and absorption, we observe the resulting color. Light also probes the symmetry of matter and the result is encoded in its polarization. In the special case of circularly-polarized light, which is especially relevant in nonlinear optics, quantum photonics, and physical chemistry, a critical dimension of symmetry is along the longitudinal direction. We examine recent advances in controlling circularly-polarized light and reveal that the commonality in these advances is in judicious control of longitudinal symmetry. In particular, in the use of high quality-factor modes in dielectric metasurfaces, the finite thickness can be used to tune the modal profile. These symmetry considerations can be applied in multiplexed optical communication schemes, deterministic control of quantum emitters, and sensitive detection of the asymmetry of small molecules.
Anoikis-related gene signature as novel prognostic biomarker to predict immunotherapy with bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Hongtuan , Liu Dongze , Xu Shengxian , Qin Zheng , Yi Bocun , Yang Kuo , Liu Ranlu , Xu Yong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Anoikis plays an active role in the metastasis and progression of many tumors and is emerging as a new target for tumor therapy. We aimed to develop an anoikis-related risk model to assess the prognosis of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) and to explore its potential application value in immunotherapy.

Methods
Patient expression data and clinical data were obtained from GEO and TCGA database. Lasso regression was used to obtain a risk model and the clinical efficacy of risk model was evaluated with Cox regression, calibration curves, nomogram diagram, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC). Next, GSEA analysis was performed to estimate potential biological pathways for ARGS. The tumor microenvironment (TME) was also assessed, including cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF), CIBERSORT, XCELL, tumor immune exclusion, and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM). Then, ggpubr and ggplot2 packages were utilized to compare immune checkpoint expression discrepancies in different risk groups. Then, we also discussed the survival relevance of ARGS combined with immune checkpoints using survival and survminer packages and evaluated the sensitivity of immunotherapy for ARGS through the cancer immunome atlas (TCIA) and IMvigor210 cohort.

Results
15 anoikis genes were identified to construct prognostic ARGS. ARGS can effectively divide BLCA cases into 2 groups with different clinical outcomes and reflect different TME. It was obvious that patients in the high-risk group could not benefit from immunotherapy.

Conclusions
ARGS can be used to stratify hazards and predict prognosis events in patients with BLCA and give remarkable guidance for personalized and precise immunotherapy.
A multilevel screening pipeline in zebrafish identifies therapeutic drugs for GAN
Authors: Lescouzères Léa , Hassen‐Khodja Cédric , Baudot Anaïs , Bordignon Benoît , Bomont Pascale 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder for which there is currently no treatment. Affecting the nervous system, GAN starts in infancy with motor deficits that rapidly evolve toward total loss of ambulation. Using the gan zebrafish model that reproduces the loss of motility as seen in patients, we conducted the first pharmacological screening for the GAN pathology. Here, we established a multilevel pipeline to identify small molecules restoring both the physiological and the cellular deficits in GAN. We combined behavioral, in silico, and high‐content imaging analyses to refine our Hits to five drugs restoring locomotion, axonal outgrowth, and stabilizing neuromuscular junctions in the gan zebrafish. The postsynaptic nature of the drug's cellular targets provides direct evidence for the pivotal role the neuromuscular junction holds in the restoration of motility. Our results identify the first drug candidates that can now be integrated in a repositioning approach to fasten therapy for the GAN disease. Moreover, we anticipate both our methodological development and the identified hits to be of benefit to other neuromuscular diseases.