bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐pandemic cities: An urban lexicon of accelerations/decelerations
Authors: Marvin Simon , McFarlane Colin , Guma Prince , Hodson Michael , Lockhart Andrew , McGuirk Pauline , McMeekin Andrew , Ortiz Catalina , Simone AbdouMaliq , Wiig Alan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 has stimulated renewed societal and academic debate about the future of cities and urban life. Future visons have veered from the ‘death of the city’ to visual renderings and limited experiments with novel 15 minute neighbourhoods. Within this context, we as a diverse group of urban scholars sought to examine the emergent ‘post’‐COVID city through the production of an urban lexicon that investigates its socio‐material contours. The urban lexicon makes three contributions. First, to explore how the pandemic has accelerated certain processes and agendas, while at the same time, other processes, priorities and sites have been decelerated and put on hold. Second, to utilise this framing to examine the impacts of the pandemic on how cities are governed, how urban geographies are managed and lived, and how care emerged as a vital urban resource. Third, to tease out what might be temporary intensifications and what may become configurational in urban governance, platforming, density, technosolutionism, dwelling, crowds, respatialisation, reconcentration, care, improvisation and atmosphere. The urban lexicon proposes a vocabulary for describing and understanding some of the key contours of the emergent post‐pandemic city.
Influence of conventional versus unidirectional barbed suture on leakage pressures in canine vesicourethral anastomosis: An ex‐vivo study
Authors: Monnet Eric , Hafez Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare leakage pressures of vesicourethral anastomosis (VUA) performed with conventional and unidirectional barbed sutures in canine cadaveric tissue.Study designExperimental, ex‐vivo, randomized study.AnimalsA total of 24 male canine bladders with the urethra.MethodsSpecimens after prostatectomy were randomly divided into a unidirectional barbed suture (UBS) or a conventional suture (C) group. For the UBS group, the VUA was performed with 4‐0 unidirectional barbed sutures. For the C group, the VUA was performed with 4‐0 monofilament absorbable suture. The VUA was completed with two simple continuous sutures. Surgical time, leakage pressure, site of leakage, and the number of suture bites were recorded.ResultsThe median suturing time was 12.70 minutes (range: 7.50–16.10 min) for the UBS group and 17.30 minutes (range: 14.00–21.30 min) for the C group (p < .0002). The median leakage pressure was 8.60 mmHg (range: 5.00–17.20 mmHg) for the UBS group and 11.70 mmHg (range: 6.00–18.50 mmHg) for the C group (p = .236). The median number of suture bites was 14 (range:11–27) for the UBS group and 19 (range:17–28) for the C group (p = .012).ConclusionUnidirectional barbed suture does not statistically affect the acute leakage pressure of VUA in normal cadaveric specimen. It resulted in a shorter surgical time and fewer suture bite placements.Clinical significanceA urinary catheter will still be required when a unidirectional barbed suture is used to complete a VUA in dogs to prevent extravasation of urine in the postoperative period.
Treated municipal wastewater as option to the use of fresh water for the cultivation of valuable pastoral species Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.)
Authors: Ben Said Ines , Muscolo Adele , Mezghani Imed , Chaieb Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe increasing aridity exacerbated by climatic changes is leading to loss of perennial herbaceous plants Cenchrus ciliaris, an apomictic, polyploid grass used as forage in hot and dry areas, and is currently under threat for the increased scarcity of water. In this study, treated municipal wastewater (TWW) was used to irrigate two ploidy levels of C. ciliaris for two consecutive years. The objectives were (1) to assess the possibility of using unconventional water for watering C. ciliaris and (2) to identify at what extent TWW irrigation affected growth and nutritive properties of C. ciliaris that differed for polyploidy level. TWW irrigation positively affected growth and physiological plant parameters. In leaves of TWW watered C. ciliaris, the concentration of Nt, P and K significantly increased. The tetraploid C. ciliaris showed a better growth and quality than the hexaploid ones, appearing the most suitable cultivar to be irrigated with TWW for feed uses. In short, TWW can be strategically used for irrigating forage species with the double output of ameliorating soil properties, recovering degraded area and improving the nutritive values of fodder species contributing to the promotion of a green and sustainable circular economy, more in climatically under pressure developing countries.
Genetic variability highlights the invasion route of the Lutzomyia longipalpis complex, the main vector of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Uruguay
Authors: Cabrera Andrés , Pita Sebastián , González Telma , Viera Ana , Verger Lorenzo , Piegas Sofia , Willat Gabriela , Fresia Pablo , Basmadjián Yester 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the Americas, the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of the parasitic protozoa Leishmania infantum, the etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The Lu. longipalpis species complex is currently discontinuously distributed across the Neotropical region, from Mexico to the north of Argentina and Uruguay. During its continental spreading, it must have adapted to several biomes and temperature amplitudes, when founder events should have contributed to the high genetic divergence and geographical structure currently observed, reinforcing the speciation process. The first report of Lu. longipalpis in Uruguay was in 2010, calling the attention of Public Health authorities. Five years later, the parasite Le. infantum was recorded and in 2015 the first case of VL in canids was reported. Hitherto seven human cases by VL have been reported in Uruguay. Here, we publish the first DNA sequences from the mitochondrial genes ND4 and CYTB of Lu. longipalpis collected in Uruguay, and we used these molecular markers to investigate their genetic variability and population structure. We described four new ND4 haplotypes in a total of 98 (4/98) and one CYTB in a total of 77 (1/77). As expected, we were able to establish that the Lu. longipalpis collected in two localities (i.e. Salto and Bella Unión) from the north of Uruguay are closely related to the populations from neighbouring countries. We also propose that the possible route for the vector arrival to the region may have been through vegetation and forest corridors of the Uruguay River system, as well as it may have benefited from landscape modifications generated by commercial forestation. The ecological‐scale processes shaping Lu. longipalpis populations, the identification of genetically homogeneous groups and the gene flow among them must be carefully investigated by using highly sensible molecular markers (i.e. genome wide SNPs) since it will help to the understanding of VL transmission and contribute to the planification of public policies on its control.
Insulin‐resistant female rat skeletal muscles display diacylglycerol‐mediated protein kinase C activation and inflammation without ceramide accumulation
Authors: Jani Shailee , Da Eira Daniel , Ceddia Rolando B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the role of diacylglycerol (DAG)‐mediated protein kinase C (PKC) activation, ceramide accumulation and inflammation in insulin‐resistant female oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscles induced by an obesogenic high‐fat sucrose‐enriched (HFS) diet. The HFS diet impaired insulin‐stimulated AKTThr308 phosphorylation and glycogen synthesis, whereas rates of fatty acid oxidation and basal lactate production were significantly elevated in soleus (Sol), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and epitrochlearis (Epit) muscles. Insulin resistance was accompanied by increases in triacylglycerol (TAG) and DAG contents in Sol and EDL, whereas in Epit muscles only TAG content and markers of inflammation were associated with HFS diet‐induced insulin resistance. Analysis of membrane‐bound/cytoplasmic PKC fractions revealed that the HFS diet promoted activation/translocation of PKCδ and θ isoforms in Sol, EDL and Epit muscles. However, none of these muscles displayed alterations in ceramide content in response to HFS feeding. This could be explained by a significant increase in Dgat2 mRNA expression in Sol, EDL and Epit muscles, which likely diverted most of the intramyocellular acyl‐CoAs toward TAG synthesis instead of ceramides. Overall, this study helps elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying insulin resistance caused by diet‐induced obesity in female skeletal muscles with distinct fibre type compositions.
imageKey points
Feeding female Wistar rats a high‐fat sucrose‐enriched diet (HFS) led to diacylglycerol (DAG)‐induced PKC activation and insulin resistance in oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscles.
HFS diet‐induced toll‐like receptor 4 (Tlr4) expression did not lead to increased ceramide content in female skeletal muscles.
In highly glycolytic female muscles, elevated TAG content and markers of inflammation underlay HFS diet‐induced insulin resistance.
The HFS diet suppressed glucose oxidation and increased lactate production in oxidative and glycolytic female muscles.
Increased Dgat2 mRNA expression likely diverted most of the intramyocellular acyl‐CoAs toward TAG synthesis and prevented ceramide formation in skeletal muscles of HFS‐fed female rats.
How Many Trials Are Needed to Estimate Typical Lumbar Movement Patterns During Dynamic X-Ray Imaging?
Authors: Aiyangar Ameet , Gale Tom , Magherhi Sabreen , Anderst William 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDynamic biplane radiographic (DBR) imaging measures continuous vertebral motion during in vivo, functional tasks with submillimeter accuracy, offering the potential to develop novel biomechanical markers for lower back disorders based on true dynamic motion rather than metrics based on static end-range of motion. Nevertheless, the reliability of DBR metrics is unclear due to the inherent variability in movement over multiple repetitions and a need to minimize radiation exposure associated with each movement repetition. The objectives of this study were to determine the margin of uncertainty (MOU) in estimating the typical intervertebral kinematics waveforms based upon only a small number of movement repetitions, and to determine the day-to-day repeatability of intervertebral kinematics waveforms measured using DBR. Lumbar spine kinematics data were collected from two participant groups who performed multiple trials of flexion–extension or lateral bending to assess the uncertainty in the mean estimated waveform. The first group performed ten repetitions on the same day. Data from that group were used to estimate MOU as a function of the number of repetitions. The second group performed five repetitions on each of two separate days. MOU was not only movement-specific, but also motion segment-specific. Using just one or two trials yielded a relatively high MOU (e.g., &gt;4 deg or 4 mm), however, collecting at least three repetitions reduced the MOU by 40% or more. Results demonstrate the reproducibility of DBR-derived measurements is greatly improved by collecting at least three repetitions, while simultaneously minimizing the amount of radiation exposure to participants.
Theoretical Analysis of Free Vibration and Transient Response of Rectangular Plate–Cavity System Under Impact Loading
Authors: Ji Ming , Inaba Kazuaki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a theoretical method to solve the free vibration and transient responses of a rectangular plate–cavity system. The spectral collocation method was used to solve the resonant frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of rectangular plates based on Kirchhoff thin plate and Mindlin–Reissner thick plate theories. A linear velocity potential function was employed to model the fluid pressure applied to the plate surface. Unlike in previous studies, it was not assumed that the wet-mode shapes were the same as the dry-mode ones. Rather, the wet modes were assumed to be the superposition of the dry modes; then, the resonant frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of the wet modes could be obtained by solving the equations of the coupled system by exploiting the orthogonality of dry modes. Using dry modes’ orthogonality and superposition of the wet modes, the transient responses of the rectangular plate–cavity system under impact loading can be solved. A method for estimating the resonant frequencies of the coupled system is proposed based on parametric studies to determine the influence of the fluid properties and plate materials on resonant frequencies. As a result, the resonant frequencies and transient responses obtained from the proposed theoretical methods are in excellent agreement with those obtained from finite element analysis.
The Risk Factors of Self-Management Behavior among Chinese Stroke Patients
Authors: Shuqi Huang , Siqin Li , Xiaoyan Wu , Rong Yang , Lihong Zhao 
Published: March 2023

Background. Stroke is associated with a high number of disability-adjusted life years globally, so long-term care is necessary and important for those survivors, so self-management is becoming a more significant concept in stroke rehabilitation. Methods. Ischemic stroke patients (n = 354) were enrolled from the outpatient department of Neurology in West China Hospital from September 2018 to December 2019. The general demographic and disease-related data of stroke patients were collected. The stroke self-efficacy questionnaire (SSEQ), the brief cognition questionnaire (BIPQ), and the stroke self-management scale (SSMS) were used to collect data on self-efficacy, disease cognition, and self-management behavior separately. The chi-square test, Fisher exact test, independent sample t-test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used for comparison among groups. The logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent risk factors of the different levels of self-management behavior in stroke patients. Results. The score of self-management among Chinese stroke patients was 151.07 ± 18.53. Multivariate analysis showed that the way of paying medical expenses (OR = 3.215, 95% CI (1.130, 7.769)), self-management efficacy (OR = 2.467, 95% CI (1.534, 3.968)), health education before discharge (OR = 2.354, 95% CI (1.457, 3.802)), age (elder) (OR = 2.060, 95% CI (1.265, 3.355)), educational level (OR = 1.869, 95% CI (1.169, 2.988)), and mRS score (OR = 1.850, 95% CI (1.129, 3.031)) were statistically significant (

P

<

0.05

). Conclusions. The self-management behavior of Chinese stroke patients was at the middle level. Patients with medical insurance, high self-efficiency of management, and better limb function may have better self-management behavior. Besides, patients with a high educational level who accept health education before discharge may also have better self-management behavior. For patients, it is important to know this disease in the right way and set up the faith to take care of themselves independently gradually. For medical staff, it is necessary and important to give all patients health education about self-management before discharge. It is urgent to call for attention to this disease, and the government and all of society should give more support to stroke patients.
Ratio of Economy of Motion: A New Objective Performance Indicator to Assign Consoles During Dual-Console Robotic Proctectomy
Authors: Devin Courtney L. , Gillani Mishal , Shields Mallory C. , Eldredge Kyle , Kucera Walter , Rupji Manali , Purvis Lilia A. , Paul Olson Terrah Jean , Liu Yuan , Jarc Anthony , Rosen Seth A. 
Published: March 2023

Background Our group investigates objective performance indicators (OPIs) to analyze robotic colorectal surgery. Analyses of OPI data are difficult in dual-console procedures (DCPs) as there is currently no reliable, efficient, or scalable technique to assign console-specific OPIs during a DCP. We developed and validated a novel metric to assign tasks to appropriate surgeons during DCPs. Methods A colorectal surgeon and fellow reviewed 21 unedited, dual-console proctectomy videos with no information to identify the operating surgeons. The reviewers watched a small number of random tasks and assigned “attending” or “trainee” to each task. Based on this sampling, the remainder of task assignments for each procedure was extrapolated. In parallel, we applied our newly developed OPI, ratio of economy of motion (rEOM), to assign consoles. Results from the 2 methods were compared. Results A total of 1811 individual surgical tasks were recorded during 21 proctectomy videos. A median of 6.5 random tasks (137 total) were reviewed during each video, and the remainder of task assignments were extrapolated based on the 7.6% of tasks audited. The task assignment agreement was 91.2% for video review vs rEOM, with rEOM providing ground truth. It took 2.5 hours to manually review video and assign tasks. Ratio of economy of motion task assignment was immediately available based on OPI recordings and automated calculation. Discussion We developed and validated rEOM as an accurate, efficient, and scalable OPI to assign individual surgical tasks to appropriate surgeons during DCPs. This new resource will be useful to everyone involved in OPI research across all surgical specialties.
Suicidal ideation and mental health care: Predisposing, enabling and need factors associated with general and specialist mental health service use in France
Authors: Vasiliadis Helen-Maria , Léon Christophe , du Roscoät Enguerrand , Husky Mathilde M 
Published: March 2023

Background: Population-based studies have shown that less than one in two individuals reporting suicidal ideation also report past-year mental health service use. Only a few studies have looked at different types of providers consulted. There is a need to better understand the factors associated with different provider combinations of mental health service use in representative samples of individuals with suicidal ideation. Aims: The aim of the current study is to assess, using Andersen’s model of healthcare seeking behaviors, the predisposing, enabling and need factors associated with type of mental health service use in adults with past-year suicidal ideation. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2017 Health Barometer survey, a representative sample of the general population aged 18 to 75 years, among whom 1,128 respondents had reported suicidal ideation in the past year were analyzed. Past-year outpatient mental health service use (MHSU) was categorized into mutually exclusive groups as no use, general practitioner (GP) only; mental health professional (MHP) only; and both GP and MHP. Multinomial regression analyses were used to model mental health service use as a function of predisposing, enabling and need factors. Results: Overall, 44.3% reported past-year MHSU and this was higher in females than males (49.0% vs. 37.6%). Prevalence of GP only use in the overall sample was 8.7%, consulting with GP and MHP was 21.3%, consulting with MHP only was 14.3%. Higher education was associated with increased MHP use. Residing in a rural area was associated with increased GP only use. Presence of a suicide attempt within the year, a major depressive episode and role impairment were associated with consulting a GP and MHP, and MHP only, but not GP only. Conclusions: When controlling for need and predisposing factors, socio-economic factors related to employment and income were associated with higher levels of consulting with mental health professionals.
Numerical lamb wave modeling and analysis for cure cycle shortening of carbon fiber composites
Authors: Mahfoud Elie , Harb Mohammad 
Published: March 2023

Advanced carbon fiber composites are renowned for their great tenacity as, although being thin, they provide great strength, keeping structures light in weight. The composites industry struggles with longer cure times when compared to other traditional material production. In this study, a computational model for a carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) plate is developed to imitate experimental monitoring of its cure cycle and degree of cure. The CFRP storage modulus is measured during the curing cycle with the aid of dynamic mechanical analysis, and its trend is incorporated into COMSOL combined structural and electrostatics multiphysics to replicate the same mechanical fluctuations during oven curing. Then, Lamb waves are excited and sensed via sandwiched piezoelectric transducers in a reusable Polytetrafluoroethylene sensing film to monitor the structural health of the structure. Minimum viscosity, gelation and vitrification are cure parameters observed from analyzing voltage and velocity curves of the A0 mode of the sensed signal. The cure cycle is trimmed, and the same cure parameters are shown offset by the 1 h deducted, proving that the numerical model is valid. Further analysis of the numerical voltage and velocity curves suggests an additional cure parameter defined as “gelation initiation” when compared directly to the experimental trends. Additionally, the decomposition of different wavefield modes is scrutinized to describe their scattering throughout the layered structure. Results show a new entrapped antisymmetric mode appearing inside the CFRP laminate at the start of the cure, which suggests that the previously studied A0 mode had been initially converted from the CFRP S0 mode.
Why isn’t my professor Aboriginal?
Authors: Jones Mark , Stanton Pauline , Rose Mark 
Published: March 2023

This article focuses on the lived experience of a Karajarri Yawuru, First Peoples Doctoral candidate and his interactions with the Academy. This article draws on three vignettes and highlights first, racism that questions First Peoples’ academic expertise and knowledge, second, racism that dismisses and demeans First Peoples’ lived experience and third, racism that instrumentalises First Peoples’ academics. We argue that despite the aspirational strategies and good intentions of Australian universities, the deeply embedded and pervasive nature of colonisation and institutional whiteness has to be identified and challenged in order for First Peoples to take their rightful place in the Academy. JEL Classification: J15, J71, M14, Z13