bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the ratio between the lengths of the second and fourth fingers in newborns: its relationship with the umbilical cord testosterone level at Shahidan-e-Mobini hospital during the year 2021
Authors: Akbarian mehdi Jalili , Eizi Farzaneh , Hassanpour Kazem , Amiri Parastoo , lotfi hadi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives: The second finger to the ring finger or fourth finger (2D:4D ratio) has been used to predict androgen-related diseases in various studies. However, few studies have investigated this ratio at birth, therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and the umbilical cord testosterone level in the Shahidan-e-Mobini hospital, Sabzevar in 2021.
Material & Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional and prospective study that was conducted on a convenience sample of 124 NICU newborns of Shahidan-e-Mobini hospital in Sabzevar in 2021. At the time of delivery, two cc of blood was taken from the mother's umbilical cord to determine its serum testosterone level. Also, the length of the second and fourth fingers was measured during the first few hours after birth, 2D:4D ratio was calculated and finally compared with the testosterone level, gestational age, and birth weight. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21. P-value<0.05 was considered as the significance level.
Results: The results of the present study showed no significant correlation between the testosterone blood level and 2D:4D ratio in both males and females (P>0.05). There was a significant negative and positive correlation between birth weight and 2D:4D ratio in boys and in girls, respectively, but the correlation coefficient was low in both cases. There was also a significant negative correlation between gestational age with the 2D:4D ratio in males.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the typical sexually dimorphic pattern was not seen in 2D:4D ratio. Also, no androgen-dependent pattern was seen in the 2D:4D ratio.
Effects of polyphosphates with different chain lengths on carcass quality, intestinal environment, and cecum microbiota in broiler chickens
Authors: Chang Yi-Qiang , Wang Yan-Qing , Moon Seung-Gyu , Kim Soo-Hyun , Kim Soo-Ki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Polyphosphates has antibacterial activity. However, effects of polyphosphates with different chain lengths vary. Results showed that P14, a medium chain polyphosphate (MCPP), and P130, a long chain polyphosphate (LCPP), had significant antibacterial activities. The addition of P3, a short chain polyphosphate (SCPP) as supplement to the diet for broiler chickens, increased the abundance of intestinal Lactobacillibut decreased the abundance of Coliform bacteria. In addition, MCPP and LCPP exerted antimicrobial effects. They significantly reduced the abundance of Coliform bacteria, Shigella, and Salmonella. LCPP intervention showed a tendency to decrease the weight of the liver. In the meantime, LCPP increased levels of glucose and triglycerides in chickens, while SCPP decreased levels of triglycerides (p < 0.05). MCPP increased the abundance of microbiota in the cecum. The addition of polyphosphate promoted the expression of inflammatory factors in intestinal cells, demonstrating anti-inflammatory properties of polyphosphate as a polymer. In addition, polyphosphates did not adversely affect the growth performance or meat quality of broilers. In summary, polyphosphates of different chain lengths could improve the intestinal environment. They could be used as alternative antimicrobial agents for poultry and livestock.
Development of Remote-Controlled Solar-Powered Pesticide Sprayer Vehicle
Authors: Kayode Joseph Friday , Amudipe Samuel Olufemi , Afolalu Sunday Adeniran , Akinola Adebisi Olayinka , Nwodo Chubike William , Ikumapayi Omolayo Micheal , Oladapo Bankole Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pest species pose a significant threat to the agricultural industry as they can negatively impact crop productivity and result in potential financial losses due to damage. To address this issue, a solar-powered remote-controlled, semi-automated knapsack sprayer vehicle has been developed. It operates using a 100 AH battery that is charged by four 30W solar panels connected in tandem to produce 120 W, providing power to the motors and pump. The vehicle uses a 12V hub motor to drive the back and steer the front and is equipped with a 12V window regulator/wiper motor. The vehicle is controlled by a remote control and an HC-05 transmitter and receiver, programmed with an ATMEGA32A, which is linked to a relay board. The vehicle utilizes a 116 psi pump for the sprayer. Results indicate that as the feed pressure increases, the flow rate steadily rises and reaches 4 liters/min at the 116-psi pump. With a pump spray rate of 5 liters per minute and a pesticide tank capacity of 20 liters, the vehicle can spray for a total of 4 minutes and cover 159 meters. By employing a remote control, the need for manual labor is reduced, making pesticide spraying more consistent, efficient, and productive. The sprayer also saves time compared to traditional methods and poses no harm to the operator.
Impact of Atmospheric Rivers on the Winter Snowpack in the Headwaters of Euphrates-Tigris Basin
Authors: Ezber Yasemin , Bozkurt Deniz , Sen O.L 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Understanding the hydrometeorological impacts of atmospheric rivers (ARs) on mountain snowpack is crucial for water resources management in the snow-fed river basins such as the Euphrates-Tigris (ET). In this study, we investigate the contribution of wintertime (December-January-February) ARs to precipitation and snowpack in the headwater regions of the ET Basin for the period of 1979–2019 using a state-of-the-art AR catalog and ERA5 reanalysis data. The results show that AR days in the headwaters region could be warmer by up to 3oC and wetter by over 5 mm day− 1 compared to non-AR days. The contribution of ARs to the total winter precipitation varies from year to year, with a maximum contribution of over 80% in 2010 and an average contribution of 60% over the 40-year period. While snow accumulation on AR days shows spatial variability, the average snow contribution is 27% of the seasonal average, ranging from 12–57% for different years. The south-facing parts of the mountain range experience significant snowmelt, with contributions ranging from 15–80% for different years. The high total precipitation (60%) and low snowpack (27%) contribution can be attributed to the semi-arid characteristics of the region and the occurrence of rain-on-snow events, where rain falling on existing snow rapidly melts the snowpack. The findings have implications for water resource management and call for continued research to improve our knowledge of ARs and their interactions with the complex terrain of the ET Basin
Graph Based Imbalanced Multi-Text Classification: A Study on Low Resource Language
Authors: Jimmy Laishram , Arun Biri 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A pre-labeled dataset is required for any machine learning or deep learning tasks in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Certain languages lack adequate resources, hence impeding research efforts, even for seemingly straightforward natural language processing (NLP) problems. This work introduces a novel methodology for enhancing data in the context of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, specifically focusing on Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging and Named Entity Recognition (NER). The representation of a limited quantity of data takes the form of a directed graph, which is utilized in conjunction with the Random Walk method to produce sentence instances for a given word. A Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural network is employed to create a hybrid Part-of-Speech (POS) and Named Entity Recognition (NER) model. This model is designed to annotate words within sentence instances. The empirical findings demonstrate that the model applied to the Manipuri dataset achieves exceptional performance, as evidenced by an F-score metric of 1 for both POS and NER classification.
Identification, validation and candidate gene analysis of major QTL for Supernumerary Spikelets in wheat
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Li Haojie , Zhou Xinjian , Mou Yuzhou , Zhang Ying , Yu Lang , Chen Xudong , Wu Fangkun , Zhou Hong , Lin Yu , Li Caixia , Liu Yaxi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The number of spikelets per spike is a key trait that affects The number of spikelets per spike is a key trait that affects grain yield in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) In this study, four recombinant inbred lines (RILs) populations were generated and used, having YuPi branching wheat (YP), with Supernumerary Spikelets (SS) phenotype, as a common parent. QTL (QSS.sicau-2A and QSS.sicau-2D) related to SS trait were mapped on chromosomes 2A and 2D (Chr.2A and Chr.2D) through bulked segregant exome sequencing (BSE-Seq) analysis. 14 molecular markers were further developed within the localization interval, QSS.sicau-2Awas narrowed to 7.3 cM covering 11.3 Mb physical region of the reference genome, explained 6.3%~15.6% the phenotypic variance, and QSS.sicau-2D was narrowed to 0.9 cM covering 6.9 Mb physical region of the reference genome, explained 23.4%~34.8% the phenotypic variance, respectively. These two QTL were validated in three different genetic backgrounds by the linked markers. QSS.sicau-2A was identified as WFZP-A, and QSS.sicau-2D was a novel locus that was different from WFZP-D. TraesCS2D03G0260700 was predicted to be a potential candidate gene for QSS.sicau-2D based on the gene expression patterns, gene annotation and sequence analysis. Overall, This study will be useful for cloningQSS.sicau-2D in wheat.
Characteristics of Complete Chloroplast Genome of Grevillea robusta
Authors: liu guanghua , Li Jiaxi , Yang Yubing , Yu Jie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Grevillea robusta is an important plant in Proteaceae, and decoding and understanding the chloroplast genome of Grevillea robusta is of great theoretical significance and practical value to the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Proteaceae. On the basis of high-throughput sequencing data of Grevillea robusta, we assembled and annotated the sequencing results using GetOrganelle and CPGAVAS2 programs, and downloaded the chloroplast genome data of genera Macadamia, Helicia and Protea from NCBI database. The chloroplast genomes of four generas. The length of chloroplast genome of Grevillea robusta was 158,642 bp, consisting of 129 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. 56 SSRs were obtained from Grevillea robusta, among which the single nucleotide repeats were the most (66.07%) and the six nucleotide repeats were the least (1). At the same time, 34 repeats were detected in chloroplast genome of Grevillea robusta, mainly are palindrome repeats (16). The IR region of Grevillea robusta didn’t experience a significant contraction/expansion event, whereas Protea kilimandscharica showed a dramatic contraction. Gene selection pressure analysis showed that ycf1 genes showed positive selection signals. Analysis of RNA editing sites showed that there were 148 RNA editing sites in the protein-coding genes of chloroplast genome of Grevillea robusta, and most of them are C/U editing, up to 54.73%. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that Grevillea robusta was belongs to Proteaceae, and grouped with Helicia and Macadamia, with a support rate of 100%. The chloroplast genome of Grevillea robusta was assembled successfully, which had high similarity with the chloroplast genome of Helicia and Macadamia, and was clustered into a branch during the phylogeny of Proteaceae. The results of this study laid a foundation for understanding the systematic evolution of the Proteaceae plants, and provide rich data supported for the development of molecular biological information such as molecular marker.
Associations between Phascolarctobacterium/ Phascolarctobacterium faecium and disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus - a population cohort study
Authors: Li Lisha , Hu Qiongying , Xiong Daqian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
(1) Background: Host-microbiome dysbiosis have been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Phascolarctobacterium and Phascolarctobacterium faecium (P. faecium) serve as ideal biomarkers for T2DM. On this basis, to evaluate the key role of multi-omics analysis in the early diagnosis of T2DM;
(2) Methods: Detected Stool samples from healthy people, T2DM patients, and T2DM patients after metformin treatment in our cohort study by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In addition, various baseline clinical and metabolic index were collected to evaluate the diagnostic models of ROC curves which combined use of intestinal bacteria, fatty acids, and miRNA as predictive tools for early detection of T2DM;
(3) Results: Our multi-omics analysis indicates that T2DM patients had specific gut microbiota dysbiosis, where faecium and P.faecium are correlated with multiple biochemical indicators of T2DM. And the intervention of metformin had some influence on the composition of gut microbiota. We also identified the diagnostic models of ROC curves were able to classify T2DM patients from healthy people with a better estimation accuracy;
(4) Conclusions: Phascolarctobacterium and P.faecium can be novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of T2DM, The multi-omic analysis based on gut microbiome provides insights for elucidating the specific mechanism in the host-microbiome dysbiosis at the early metabolic disorders.
Bertrand-Edgeworth game under oligopoly. General results and comparisons with duopoly
Authors: De Francesco Massimo A. , Salvadori Neri 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper studies price competition among a given number of capacity-constrainedproducers of a homogeneous commodity under the efficient rationing rule andconstant (and identical) marginal cost until full capacity, whendemand is a continuous, non-increasing, and non-negative function defined onthe set of non-negative prices and is positive, strictly decreasing, twicedifferentiable and (weakly) concave when positive.The focus is on general properties of equilibria in the region of the capacityspace in which no pure strategy equilibria exist. We study how theproperties that are known to hold for the duopoly are generalized to theoligopoly and, on the contrary, what properties do not need to hold in oligopoly.Our inquiry reveals, among other properties, the possibility of an atom in the support of a firm smaller than the largest one and the properties that such an atom entails. Although the characterization of equilibria is far from being complete, this paper provides substantial elements in this direction.
JEL: C72, D43, L13
Circulating miR-218-5p is downregulated in the extracellular vesicles of patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Yan Kexiang , Zhu Jie , Zhang Mengmeng , Zhang Fuxin , Wang Bing , Han Ling , Huang Qiong , Tang Yulong , Li Yuan , Yawalkar Nikhil , Zhang Zhenghua , Niu Zhenmin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
There is an urgent need to identify biomarkers for psoriatic arthritis to assist with early diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in psoriatic arthritis. To investigate the difference between plasma extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNA profiles of psoriasis patients without psoriatic arthritis (PsO) and patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA).
Methods
Plasma EV isolation and next-generation sequencing were performed to identify differentially expressed EV miRNAs between patients with PsO (n = 15) and those with PsA (n = 8). miRNA target genes were predicted via miRNA target-predicting tools (TargetScan, miRDB, MIRDIP) and further validated by western blotting. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on these target genes. Additionally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic value of the selected miRNA candidates.
Results
Among a complete profile of 597 miRNAs detected, 15 miRNAs were significantly altered in PsA, including two upregulated miRNAs and 13 downregulated miRNAs. According to the results from miRNA target-predicting tools and our previous quantitative iTRAQ-based proteomics study, miR-218-5p and its possible target ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) provoked our interest. The higher expression of ARF6 in PsA was validated via western blotting in validation samples, and ROC curve analysis further revealed that miR-218-5p was a diagnostic candidate (AUC = 0.758; P value = 0.023). GO and KEGG pathway analyses were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and epithelial cell apoptotic process.
Conclusions
This pilot study revealed that miR-218-5p is downregulated in the EVs of patients with PsA and could serve as a candidate biomarker to distinguish PsA from PsO, which may be a strategy for PsA diagnosis.
The use of CBCT prior to Nasal Intubation for Orofacial Surgical Procedure
Authors: Ng Almond Yi Qi , Sng Timothy Jie Han , Loh Ne Hooi Will , Lim Asher Ah Tong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This case report presents an unusual case of multiple cuff leaks after successful nasotracheal tube placement, and the use of Cone beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) to identify the problem: a left nasal septal spur. We performed a literature review of similar cases and provided recommendations on the usage of CBCT for pre-operative assessment prior to nasotracheal intubation.
Conclusion
Anatomical variations in the nasal cavity may complicate the process of nasal intubation. Preoperative analysis should be done to identify and locate such anomalies, and to select a suitable nostril to circumvent anticipated anatomical roadblocks. This case report shows that the use of CBCT as a pre-operative tool to assess nasal anatomical variations – particularly in orthognathic patients, should be recommended as the standard of care prior to nasal intubation.
A Correlational Study of Orthorexia and Positive Body Experiences
Authors: Zohar Ada H. , Bachner-Melman Rachel , Lev-Ari Lilac 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground There has been little progress on identifying protective factors for eating disorders in general and for orthorexia in particular. In this study we tested the hypothesis that positive body experiences would offer some protection from symptoms of orthorexia nervosa (ONs). Methods A community sample of 561 adult volunteers aged 19–72 was recruited via social media networks. Participants self-reported on measures of ONs [DOS], compulsive exercise [CET], positive body experiences [DKB-35] including body acceptance, body narcissism, vitality, sexual satisfaction and physical contact, and disordered eating [EDE-Q-13]. Results All positive body experiences except physical contact were significantly and negatively correlated with all disordered eating subscales. ONs correlated negatively with body acceptance and sexual satisfaction, and compulsive exercise correlated negatively with vitality, and positively with body narcissism. Body acceptance and sexual satisfaction were lowest for the group who scored above the clinical cut-off for orthorexia nervosa. In a linear regression analysis, positive body experiences contributed 14% to the explained variance, over and beyond the negative contribution of education. Body acceptance down-moderated the association between compulsive exercise and ONs. Conclusions Positive body experiences, in particular body acceptance and sexual satisfaction may be protective of ONs. Further research is needed to identify factors that offer protection from ONs and can therefore be targeted in treatment and prevention programs.
Surgical strategy for intravenous leiomyomatosis spreading from uterine to the right atrium presenting with recurrent syncope
Authors: He Gengxu , Yao Tong , zhao lei , Geng Hong , Ji Qiang , Zuo Kun , Yuanzhi Luo , Kai Zhou 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma invading internal iliac vein and consequently disseminating into the right atrium is an extremely rare condition, and surgical strategy is controversial. Here, we reported a specific case with successful surgical resection through one-stage total hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and the intracardiovascular lesion. This procedure would be an optimal choice for uterine leiomyoma invading inferior vena cava and spreading to right atrium.
Detecting Ransomware Using Alignment of the Different Sections of the PE Header
Authors: Manavi Farnoush , Samie Mohammad Ebrahim , Hamzeh Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ransomware is one of the most challenging types of malware that uses cryptology to attack victims' computers. The attackers then demand ransom payments to recover encrypted resources. Ransomware is currently one of the most serious threats to individuals and organizations. Therefore, it is essential to detect them before they cause serious problems. Because of the obfuscation tactics used in Polymorphic and Metamorphic ransomware, it is difficult to detect them before they infect the system. Therefore, features from a program must be extracted in a way that is resistant to obfuscation techniques. The executable file header includes the fields that define the program structure. Extract this section of executable file does not require preprocessing or special resources. Note that changing the structure of the program changes, the header fields as well. The aims of ransomware and benign programs differ, resulting in discrepancies in parts of their headers. In recent paper, we propose a technique to detect ransomware utilizing executable file header bytes. According to the sequential character of header information, sequence processing algorithms are used to process it. Based on the alignment score of the important sections of the header and weighted vote technique, the proposed method determines the desired sample label. The results confirmed that this approach can detect up to 95% accuracy of ransomware, which is a significant improvement over previous methods.
Diurnal cycle of precipitation in Brazil
Authors: Silva Cláudio Santos e , Rodrigues Daniele , Medeiros Felipe , Valentim Aléxia , Araújo Paula , Pinto Joicy , Mutti Pedro , Mendes Keila , Bezerra Bergson , Oliveira Cristiano , Gonçalves Weber 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The diurnal cycle is an important mode of climatic variability associated with different aspects of micro, meso and large scale meteorological phenomena. Thus, we performed a study of the space-time variability of the diurnal cycle based on the longest time series (13-years) of precipitation with hourly sampling and covering all regions of Brazil. The dataset was collected during the period from 1st January 2008 to 31th December 2020. We used data from 411 rain gauges installed in automatic weather stations. In order to evaluate regional aspects, we conducted a cluster analysis with different configurations (4, 5 and 6 groups). We identified a considerable heterogeneity in the hour of maximum precipitation in Brazil and three main types of diurnal cycle were observed: i) maximum precipitation at mid- to late afternoon associated with strong local convection activity; ii) diurnal cycle with intense precipitation during nighttime at the Amazon basin, the coast of Northeast Brazil and the Southern region; iii) semidiurnal cycles with low precipitation rate at the Northeast Brazil. Seasonality promotes changes in the spatial distribution of types of diurnal cycles, while interannual variability influences on the intensity of maximum precipitation, mainly at the Amazon basin and Southern region.