bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel weevil-transmitted tymovirus found in mixed infection on hollyhock
Authors: Mahillon Mathieu , Brodard Justine , Kellenberger Isabelle , Blouin Arnaud G. , Schumpp Olivier 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLeaves of hollyhock (Alcea rosea) exhibiting vein chlorosis and yellow mosaic symptoms were collected at public sites in Lausanne and Nyon, two cities of western Switzerland. Diagnostic methods untangled in samples from both sites the mixed infections of a novel isometric virus, tentatively named “Alcea yellow mosaic virus” (AYMV) with the carlavirus Gaillardia latent virus. A new potyvirus was also identified in samples from Nyon. A combination of Illumina, Nanopore and Sanger sequencing was necessary to assemble the full-length genome of AYMV, revealing an exceptionally high cytidine content and other features typically associated with members of the genus Tymovirus. The host range of AYMV was found to be restricted to mallows, including ornamentals as well as economically important plants. Phylogenetic analyses further showed that AYMV belongs to a Tymovirus subclade that also gathers the other mallow-infecting members. The virus was readily transmitted by sap inoculation, and the weevil species Aspidapion radiolus was evidenced as a vector. Transmission assays using another weevil or other insect species did not succeed, and seed transmission was not observed.
A review of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in head and neck cancer patients for treatment evaluation and prediction of radiation-induced xerostomia
Authors: Ermongkonchai Tai , Khor Richard , Wada Morikatsu , Lau Eddie , Xing Daniel Tao , Ng Sweet Ping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe incidence of head and neck cancers (HNC) is rising worldwide especially with HPV-related oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma. The standard of care for the majority of patients with locally advanced pharyngeal disease is curative-intent radiotherapy (RT) with or without concurrent chemotherapy. RT-related toxicities remain a concern due to the close proximity of critical structures to the tumour, with xerostomia inflicting the most quality-of-life burden. Thus, there is a paradigm shift towards research exploring the use of imaging biomarkers in predicting treatment outcomes. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a functional MRI feature of interest, as it quantifies cellular changes through computation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. DWI has been used in differentiating HNC lesions from benign tissues, and ADC analyses can be done to evaluate tumour responses to RT. It is also useful in healthy tissues to identify the heterogeneity and physiological changes of salivary glands to better understand the inter-individual differences in xerostomia severity. Additionally, DWI is utilised in irradiated salivary glands to produce ADC changes that correlate to clinical xerostomia. The implementation of DWI into multi-modal imaging can help form prognostic models that identify patients at risk of severe xerostomia, and thus guide timely interventions to mitigate these toxicities.
Inhibiting KCNMA1-AS1 promotes osteogenic differentiation of HBMSCs via miR-1303/cochlin axis
Authors: Lin Yuan , Dai Hanhao , Yu Guoyu , Song Chao , Liu Jun , Xu Jie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Osteoporosis is a progressive systemic skeletal disorder. Multiple profiling studies have contributed to characterizing biomarkers and therapeutic targets for osteoporosis. However, due to the limitation of the platform of miRNA sequencing, only a part of miRNA can be sequenced based on one platform.

Materials and methods
In this study, we performed miRNA sequencing in osteoporosis bone samples based on a novel platform Illumina Hiseq 2500. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to construct osteoporosis-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Gene interference and osteogenic induction were used to examine the effect of identified ceRNA networks on osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs).

Results
miR-1303 was lowly expressed, while cochlin (COCH) and KCNMA1-AS1 were highly expressed in the osteoporosis subjects. COCH knockdown improved the osteogenic differentiation of HBMSCs. Meanwhile, COCH inhibition compensated for the suppression of osteogenic differentiation of HBMSCs by miR-1303 knockdown. Further, KCNMA1-AS1 knockdown promoted osteogenic differentiation of HBMSCs through downregulating COCH by sponging miR-1303.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the KCNMA1-AS1/miR-1303/COCH axis is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
Novel nomograms for predicting the risk of low distal bone strength: development and validation in a Chinese population-based observational study
Authors: Wu Congzi , Liu Ting , Shi Zhenyu , Fang Liang , Jin Hongting , Tong Peijian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to develop nomogram models based on the speed of sound (SOS) measurements results along with demographic information to predict the risk of low bone strength (LBS) of radius appropriate to the Chinese population of a broad age spectrum.

Methods
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 outpatient clinics located in Zhejiang, the southern part of China. A total of 38,699 participants from 2013 to 2017 were included. Baseline measurements included SOS of the distal radius and clinical risk factor evaluation. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate prognosis and identify independent predictive factors, which were then utilized to establish nomograms for predicting the low bone strength of radius. The discrimination and calibration of nomograms were validated using the calibration plots, the decision curve analysis (DCA), and the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC).

Results
A total of 19,845 of the 38,904 participants ranged in age from 10 to 88 years were selected in this process. LBP nomogram model 1 was constructed based on age, weight, height, BMI, and gender. LBP nomogram model 2 was constructed based on age, height, BMI, and gender. The AUCs for model 1 and model 2 were 0.838 (95% CI: 0.832–0.844) and 0.837 (95% CI: 0.831–0.843), respectively. High-quality calibration plots and DCA in nomogram models were noticed, indicated that the constructed nomogram models were clinically useful.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that the nomograms established in this study could effectively evaluate the high-risk population groups of distal radius fracture in China.
What we don't need to prove but need to do in multidisciplinary treatment and care in Huntington's disease: a position paper
Authors: Mühlbӓck Alzbeta , van Walsem Marleen , Nance Martha , Arnesen Astri , Page Kirsty , Fisher Alexandra , van Kampen Manon , Nuzzi Angela , Limpert Roy , Fossmo Hanne Ludt , Cruickshank Travis , Veenhuizen Ruth ,   the Multidisciplinary Care and Treatment Working Group of the European Huntington’s Disease Network
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Huntington’s disease is a complex neurodegenerative hereditary disease with symptoms in all domains of a person’s functioning. It begins after a healthy start in life and leads through the relentless progression over many years to complete care dependency and finally death. To date, the disease is incurable. The long progressive complex nature of the disease demands multiple disciplines for treatment and care of patient and family. These health care providers need inter- and multidisciplinary collaboration to persevere and be efficacious in this devastating disease trajectory.

Discussion
The position paper outlines current knowledge and experience alongside the experience and consensus of a recognised group of HD multidisciplinary experts. Additionally the patient’s voice is clear and calls for health care providers with a holistic view on patient and family. Building long-term trust is a cornerstone of the network around the patient. This paper describes a managed care network comprising all the needed professionals and services. In the health care system, the role of a central coordinator or case manager is of key importance but lacks an appropriate guideline. Other disciplines currently without guidelines are general practitioners, nurses, psychologists, and social workers. Guidelines for neurologists, psychiatrists, geneticists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, physiotherapists, dieticians, and dentists are being discussed. Apart from all these profession-specific guidelines, distinctive inter- and multidisciplinary collaboration requirements must be met.

Conclusions and recommendations
The complex nature of Huntington's disease demands multidisciplinary treatment and care endorsed by international regulations and the lay association. Available guidelines as reviewed in this paper should be used, made available by a central body, and updated every 3–5 years. Time needs to be invested in developing missing guidelines but the lack of this ‘proof’ should not prevent the ‘doing’ of good care.
Rickettsiales in the WHO European Region: an update from a One Health perspective
Authors: Guccione Cristoforo , Colomba Claudia , Iaria Chiara , Cascio Antonio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The availability of molecular techniques has significantly increased our understanding of bacteria of the order Rickettsiales, allowing the identification of distinct species in both vector and host arthropods. However, the literature lacks studies that comprehensively summarize the vast amount of knowledge generated on this topic in recent years. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of Rickettsiales in arthropod vectors, animals and humans in the WHO European Region in order to provide useful information to predict the emergence of certain diseases in specific geographical areas and to formulate hypotheses regarding the possible pathogenetic role of some rickettsial species in the etiology of human pathological conditions.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature in the PubMed and EMBASE databases was conducted following the PRISMA methodology using the search terms “Spotted fever” OR “rickettsiosis” OR “ricketts*” AND all the countries of the WHO European Region, from 1 January 2013 to 12 February 2022. Only studies that identified rickettsiae in human, animal or arthropod samples using molecular techniques were included in the review.

Results
A total of 467 articles considering 61 different species of Rickettsiales with confirmed or suspected human pathogenicity were analyzed in the review. More than 566 identifications of Rickettsiales DNA in human samples were described, of which 89 cases were assessed as importation cases. A total of 55 species of ticks, 17 species of fleas, 10 species of mite and four species of lice were found infected. Twenty-three species of Rickettsiales were detected in wild and domestic animal samples.

Conclusion
The routine use of molecular methods to search for Rickettsiales DNA in questing ticks and other blood-sucking arthropods that commonly bite humans should be encouraged. Molecular methods specific for Rickettsiales should be used routinely in the diagnostics of fever of unknown origin and in all cases of human diseases secondary to an arthropod bite or animal contact.

Graphical Abstract
Non-altered incretin secretion in women with impaired fasting plasma glucose in the early stage of pregnancy: a case control study
Authors: Krystynik Ondrej , Karasek David , Kahle Michal , Kubickova Veronika , Macakova Dominika , Cibickova Lubica , Mraz Milos , Haluzik Martin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundsGlucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) may be involved in pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim was to compare GLP-1 and GIP production in fasting state and during 3 h mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) measured by mean area under the curve (AUC) between pregnant women with normal and impaired fasting glucose in an early phase of pregnancy, and healthy non-pregnant controls.MethodsThis study was undertaken as a case–control study. Repeated measurement of fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.1 mmol/L and < 7.0 mmol/L during the first trimester of pregnancy and exclusion of overt diabetes according to IADSPG criteria was used to find women with impaired fasting glucose (n = 22). Age-matched controls consisted of healthy pregnant (n = 25) and non-pregnant (n = 24) women. In addition to incretins, anthropometric parameters and markers of insulin resistance and beta-cell function were assessed. Variables were summarized as median (interquartile range).ResultsFasting GLP-1 and GIP concentration or their AUC during MMTT did not significantly differ between pregnant women with impaired fasting plasma glucose [GLP-1AUC19.0 (53.1) and GIPAUC302 (100) pg/mL/min] and healthy pregnant women [GLP-1AUC16.7 (22.3) and GIPAUC297 (142) pg/mL/min] or non-pregnant controls [GLP-1AUC16.8 (9.8) and for GIPAUC313 (98) pg/mL/min]. Although women with impaired fasting glucose were more obese and showed decreased beta-cell function, there were not significant correlations between incretin production and parameters of insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or obesity.ConclusionsWomen with impaired fasting plasma glucose did not show altered incretin production in the first trimester of pregnancy. In contrast to type 2 diabetes, impaired incretin secretion does not seem to play a major role in the early development of GDM.
Mental status is significantly associated with low back pain: a survey-based cross-sectional study among Japanese women
Authors: Watanabe Mayumi , Tomiyama Chikako , Nikaido Takuya , Takeda Tokimasa , Mandai Nozomu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Low back pain (LBP) is a highly prevalent condition that poses significant patient burden. This cross-sectional study identified factors associated with LBP occurrence and developed a strategy to identify, prevent, and reduce LBP-related burden on patient health. A web-based questionnaire-answering system was used to assess the potential effects of LBP on mental health, assessing five domains (physical features, demographics, lifestyle, diet, and mental status) conceptually associated with hie, a common disease state traditionally described in the Japanese culture as a chilly sensation.

Results
Of 1000 women, 354 had and 646 did not have LBP. The Chi test identified 21 factors, and subsequent multivariate logistic regression indicated eight factors significantly associated with LBP: age, history of physician consultation regarding anemia, history of analgesic agents, dietary limitations, nocturia, sauna use, hie, and fatigue. Furthermore, women with LBP exhibited a significantly lower body temperature (BT) in the axilla/on the forehead than women without LBP. LBP and hie are subjective and potentially affected by patient mental status. Stress reduces blood circulation, causing hypothermia and possibly worsening LBP. Therefore, mental-health support is important for patients with LBP to reduce physiological stress. Hyperthermia therapy, a traditionally prescribed intervention, is a potential intervention for future studies.
Timing, extent and outcomes of public health measures in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel and a comparative analysis by socioeconomic indices
Authors: Ginzburg Amit , Barasche-Berdah Deborah , Manor Orly , Levine-Schnur Ronit , Paltiel Ora , Levine Hagai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Early in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, governments implemented exceptional public health measures (PHMs) in the face of uncertainty. This study aimed to compare mitigation policies implemented by Israel and their timing in the first wave of the pandemic to those of other countries, and to assess whether country characteristics such as democracy, trust, education, economic strength and healthcare reserve were associated with decision-making.

Methods
PHMs and pre-pandemic characteristics, using internationally accepted indices, of 50 countries were collected from 1/1/2020-30/06/2020; and associations between them were assessed. Time to implementation of these measures was compared among the Organisation for Economic Co-operation (OECD) nations. Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis. Cox regression was performed to assess the independent contribution of pre-pandemic characteristics to time-to-implementation of measures. Correlations between timing of specific measures and COVID-19 mortality at 60 days were assessed.

Results
Israel ranked in the upper third of the OECD in swiftness to implementation of eight of the ten measures compared. In univariate survival analysis, countries with an education level below the OECD median were more likely to implement a lockdown (p-value = 0.043) and to close restaurants and entertainment venues (p-value = 0.007) when compared to countries above the OECD median. In Cox regression models, controlling for geographic location, democracy level above the OECD median was associated with a longer time-to-implementation of a lockdown (HR=0.35, 95% CI=0.14-0.88, p-value=0.025). Similarly, a high level of GDP per capita was inversely associated with closing schools; and a high level of education inversely associated with closure of restaurants and entertainment venues. Earlier initiation of all PHMs was associated with lower mortality at 60 days, controlling for geographic location.

Conclusions
Israel's initial response to the pandemic was relatively quick, and may have been facilitated by its geographic isolation. Countries with lower pre-pandemic socio-economic indices were quicker to initiate forced social distancing. Early initiation of PHMs was associated with reduced mortality in the short run. Timing of initiation of measures relative to the country-specific spread of disease is a significant factor contributing to short-term early local pandemic control, perhaps more than the exact measures implemented. It is important to note that this study is limited to the initial pandemic response. Furthermore, it does not take into account the broader long-term effects of certain PHMs, which should be a focus of further research.
Carrier phase recovery of LDPC-coded systems based on the likelihood difference algorithm
Authors: Imad Rodrigue , Houcke Sebastien 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe problem of blind phase offset recovery of low density parity-check (LDPC)-coded systems is considered in this paper. We propose a new algorithm of phase offset estimation that involves the computation and maximization of a likelihood difference (LD)-based cost function calculated from the parity-check matrix of the code. We show in this paper that the new cost function has a simplified form compared to another algorithm proposed in the literature and presents similar estimation performance. Mean squared error (MSE) curves show very good performance of the proposed phase offset estimation algorithm, even at low signal-to-noise ratios.
Assessment and management of cardiovascular complications in eating disorders
Authors: Friars Dara , Walsh Orla , McNicholas Fiona 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Eating disorders (EDs) are serious conditions predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults (AYAs) and pose a considerable threat to their health and wellbeing. Much of this increased morbidity and mortality is linked to medical compromise, especially cardiovascular abnormalities. Rates of presentation to both community and inpatient medical settings have increased in all age groups following the Covid-19 pandemic and subsequent “lockdowns”, with patients presentations being more medically compromised compared to previous years. This has implications for clinicians with regard to the performance of competent cardiovascular assessments and management of findings.

Aims
This paper is a practical resource for clinicians working with AYAs in whom EDs may present. It will provide a brief summary of the physiological context in which cardiovascular complications develop, systematically outline these complications and suggest a pragmatic approach to their clinical evaluation.

Methods
Relevant literature, guidelines and academic texts were critically reviewed. Conclusions were extracted and verified by a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist and Adolescent Paediatrician, with suitable expertise in this clinical cohort.

Conclusions
The cardiovascular complications in EDs are primarily linked to malnutrition, and patients presenting with Anorexia Nervosa are most often at greatest risk of structural and functional cardiac abnormalities, including aberrations of heart rate and rhythm, haemodynamic changes and peripheral vascular abnormalities. Other cardiovascular abnormalities are secondary to electrolyte imbalances, as seen in patients with Bulimia Nervosa. More recently defined EDs including Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder and Binge Eating Disorder are also likely associated with distinct cardiovascular complications though further research is required to clarify their nature and severity. Most cardiovascular abnormalities are fully reversible with nutritional restoration, and normalisation of eating behaviours, including the cessation of purging, though rare cases are linked to cardiac deaths. A detailed clinical enquiry accompanied by a thorough physical examination is imperative to ensure the medical safety of AYAs with EDs, and should be supported by an electrocardiogram and laboratory investigations. Consideration of cardiovascular issues, along with effective collaboration with acute medical teams allows community clinicians identify those at highest risk and minimise adverse outcomes in this cohort.
Depression and quality of life among Afghan healthcare workers: A cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Mohammadi Abdul Qadim , Neyazi Ahmad , Rangelova Vanya , Padhi Bijaya Kumar , Odey Goodness Ogeyi , Ogbodum Molly Unoh , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
According to the World Health Organization, approximately 280 million individuals worldwide suffer from depression. One occupational group that is more prone to mental health issues is healthcare workers (HCWs). However, very little is known about the mental health of HCWs in Afghanistan. Therefore, the present study examined depression, quality of life (QOL), and related factors among Afghan HCWs.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was administered in June 2022 among healthcare workers (N = 299) in the Herat province of Afghanistan. The survey examined depression, its risk factors and predictors among HCWs.

Results
Of the 299 participants, 73.6% of them reported depression symptoms. Low monthly income, working in a private hospital, and being a cigarette smoker were some of the main variables associated with depression symptoms among Afghan HCWs. Multiple regression analysis indicated that field of work (aOR = 3.774, p = 0.0048), monthly income (aOR = 0.746, p = 0.0088), job type (aOR = 8.970, p < 0.0001), cigarette smoking (aOR = 2.955, p = 0.0069), a bad event happening during the past month (aOR = 2.433, p = 0.0157), physical domain of quality of life (aOR = 0.966, p = 0.0186), and psychological domain of quality of life (aOR = 0.950, p = 0.0005) were significantly associated with depression symptoms.

Conclusion
The prevalence of depression symptoms is high among healthcare workers in the Herat province of Afghanistan. One of the variables found to have a major impact on the prevalence of depression was their monthly income. Considering its impact on quality of life and the overall quality of healthcare services, the government should implement regular screening for depression, psychological counselling services, and psychiatric treatment for vulnerable healthcare workers.