bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPACEL: characterizing spatial transcriptome architectures by deep-learning
Authors: Xu Hao , Lin Jun , Wang Shuyan , Fang Minghao , Luo Songwen , Chen Chunpeng , Wan Siyuan , Wang Rirui , Tang Meifang , Xue Tian , Bin Li , Qu Kun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies detect mRNA expression in single cells/spots while preserving their two-dimensional (2D) spatial coordinates, allowing researchers to study the spatial distribution of the transcriptome in tissues; however, joint analysis of multiple ST slices and aligning them to construct a three-dimensional (3D) stack of the tissue still remain a challenge. Here, we introduce spatial architecture characterization by deep learning (SPACEL) for ST data analysis. SPACEL comprises three modules: “Spoint” embeds a multiple-layer perceptron with a probabilistic model to deconvolute cell type composition for each spot in a single ST slice; “Splane” employs a graph convolutional network approach and an adversarial learning algorithm to identify spatial domains that are transcriptomically and spatially coherent across multiple ST slices; and “Scube” automatically transforms the spatial coordinate systems of consecutive slices and stacks them together to construct a 3D architecture of the tissue. Comparisons against 16 state-of-the-art methods using both simulated and real ST datasets demonstrate that SPACEL outperforms the others for cell type deconvolution, for spatial domain identification, and for 3D alignment, thus showcasing SPACEL as a valuable integrated toolkit for ST data processing and analysis.
Chronic olanzapine treatment leads to increased opioid receptor expression and changes in feeding regulating neurons in the rat hypothalamus
Authors: Krogsbaek Maiken , Larsen Nick , Yarmahmoudi Fatemeh , Søndergaard Jeppe , Landau Anne , Sanchez Connie , Nyengaard Jens 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Opioid receptor antagonists have in recent years shown increasing promise as adjunct therapy to psychotropic medication. The goal is to reduce the weight gain and metabolic adverse effects that are associated with certain second generation antipsychotics, such as olanzapine (OLZ) and clozapine. In this study, female rats were treated for 4 weeks with a long-acting injectable formulation of OLZ at a dose that produced clinically relevant plasma levels to access effects on feeding regulation regions of the hypothalamus. Using quantitative spatial in situ hybridization and receptor autoradiography, expression levels of the mu, kappa and delta opioid receptors were defined in the five hypothalamic areas: paraventricular nucleus (PVN), arcuate nucleus (ARC), ventromedial nucleus (VMN), dorsomedial nucleus (DMN) and lateral hypothalamus (LH). In addition, hypothalamic neuron number and size were estimated using the optical fractionator and spatial rotator. Hyperphagia was observed after only 24 hours of OLZ treatment, with continued weight gain throughout the duration of the study. In contrast, the observed food intake reversed to control levels after 2 weeks of OLZ treatment. Blood samples from day 28 revealed no changes in metabolic markers compared to controls. Chronic OLZ treatment led to increased expression of kappa opioid receptor mRNA and receptor availability in the PVN, as well as increased mu opioid receptor availability in the PVN, ARC and VMN. These changes were accompanied by a decreased number of anorexigenic POMC neurons of the ARC and CRH neurons of the PVN. In conclusion, this study supports a connection between OLZ driven adverse metabolic effects and increased opioid receptor expression in the hypothalamus, thus providing a rationale for the positive effects of using opioid receptor antagonist to relieve OLZ adverse effects.
The safety and efficacy of wearing a deodorant pad in breast cancer patients with an ulceration
Authors: Ishiba Toshiyuki , Ishida Hirohiko , Inoue Michiaki , Tazoe Yuki , Sakai Mami , Natori Yuki , Kida Hiroko , Kosaka Taijiro , Adachi Mio , Ishihara Sakiko , Nara Miyako , Saita Chiaki , Kamio Hidenori , Miyahara Kana , Goto Risa , Iwamoto Naoko , Yonekura Rika , Nakatsugawa Noriko , Aruga Tomoyuki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
[Purpose] The present study, called the “efficacy and safety of the deodorAnt Pad against Odor and uLceration for LOcally advanced breast cancer (APOLLO)” study, aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of wearing a deodorant pad in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) with an ulceration..
[Methods] Komagome Pads for LABC, previously developed by Juntendo University and Kao Corporation, were used. In Test A, a conventional pad consisting of gauze, a commercially available diaper, pad, etc. and the Komagome Pad (not directly applied to the wound but used through a gauze, etc.) were compared over three days to assess their efficacy and possible improvements for short-term use. In Test B, the Komagome Pad was used continuously for one month to evaluate its safety during long-term use.
[Results] The present study included 14 patients in Test A and nine patients in Test B. In odor evaluation using sensory testing in Test A, nine of the 14 patients reported more significant efficacy in odor suppression with the Komagome Pad than with the conventional pad. The odor intensity of the Komagome Pad was lower than that of the conventional pad on the gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The group with a high level of exudation reported significantly higher satisfaction with the Komagome Pad. In Test B, no adverse events were observed during in the clinical use of the Komagome pads.
[Conclusion] Testing of a new treatment pad for LABC demonstrated that was highly safe and efficacious in suppressing odor.
Cost-of-illness of adult atopic dermatitis from a societal perspective in Hungary
Authors: Beretzky* Zsuzsanna , Koszorú* Kamilla , Rencz Fanni , Hajdu Krisztina , Borza Júlia , Bodai Katalin , Feifei Xu , Szegedi Andrea , Sárdy Miklós , Brodszky Valentin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Cost-of-illness studies are widely used for healthcare decision-making in chronic conditions. Our aim was to assess the cost-of-illness of adult atopic dermatitis (AD) from the societal perspective in Hungary.
Areas covered: We conducted a multicentre, cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Consecutive AD patients aged ≥18 years were recruited at dermatology departments in Hungary. We calculated direct and indirect costs, including costs for treatments, outpatient visits, hospital admissions, informal care, travel costs and productivity loss. Generalized linear model was used to analyse predictors of total, direct and indirect costs.
Expert Commentary: Altogether 218 patients completed the survey (57.8% female) with an average age of 31.3 (SD=11.7). Patients’ average Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score was 13.5 (SD=8.5). According to Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score, 2.3% (n=5), 21.2% (n=46), 54.4% (n=118) and 22.1% (n=48) had clear, mild, moderate, and severe AD, respectively. We found that the average total, direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect annual costs per patients were €4,331, €1,136, €747, and €2450, respectively, with absenteeism and presenteeism being the main cost drivers, accounting for 24% and 29% of the total cost of AD. A one-year longer disease duration led to, on average, 1.6%, and 4.2% increase in total and direct non-medical costs, respectively. Patients with worse health-related quality of life (higher DLQI score) had significantly higher total, direct medical, direct non-medical costs, and indirect costs. Our results indicate a substantial economic burden of AD from a societal perspective, mainly driven by productivity losses.
A short and simple bedside test to detect cognitive fluctuations in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies.
Authors: Segers Kurt , Benoit Florence , Rocha Francisco de Assis Oliveira , Praet Jean-Philippe , Surquin Murielle 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background and Purpose:
The establishment of cognitive fluctuations is important when dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is suspected, but can be especially difficult in the absence of a caregiver that lives with the patient. We examined the use of fluctuating scores on a forward (FDS) and backward digit span (BDS) test as a marker for cognitive fluctuation.
Methods:
Patients with DLB (21), other forms of dementia (14 with Alzheimer’s disease, 8 with vascular dementia) and 20 controls were ask to perform two times a FDS and BDS with an interval of 20 minutes.
Results:
Seventy percent of patients with DLB showed evidence of cognitive fluctuations for at least one test, while less than 10% of controls and patients with other dementias did. Evidence of cognitive fluctuations on at least one of both tests classified 83 % of patients correctly (i.e. DLB or not), with a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 90%.
Conclusions:
Repeated forward and backward digit span tests seem a valid, short, easy and inexpensive bedside tool to detect cognitive fluctuations in the diagnostic work-up of DLB, even in the absence of a caregiver, which limits the use of questionnaires.
Power for clinical and statistical significance
Authors: Bishara Samuel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper explores the implication of utilising statistical power for superiority, rather than equivalence, in clinical trials, with a specific illustration for unpaired continuous parametric variables using a simple adjustment to the power calculation which has been previously described. The advantages of such an approach, is that it separates the notion of the likely difference between two groups (the effect size) and the minimum clinically significant difference, without which logically inconsistent positions might be held. In the post-hoc scenario, this approach can shed further light on the value of undertaking further studies, which is not apparent form the standard power calculation which purely reflects the obtained p-value. The trend for increased trial size and the mirror approach of non-inferiority studies, that is sometimes adopted, implies a trend for overall reduction in the clinical effectiveness of newer studies, which could be countered by powering for superiority.
IL-17A promotes the malignant progression of colon cancer cells by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou Hairong , Wang Junbin , Gao Zhenyuan , Wu Xiao , Wang Yaping , Zhang Lu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Colon cancer (CC) is a malignant disease of the digestive system. Multiple cancers are caused by IL-17A, which plays a significant role in inflammation. In this paper, the expression of IL-17A in CC patients is discussed, as well as its regulatory role in CC cells.
Methods
Firstly, the IL-17A expression level in the tissues of CC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-qPCR. The IL-17A expression in serum of CC patients was detected by ELISA. Then two colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 were selected and IL-17A was applied at different concentrations to the cells. Subsequently, CCK8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay were used to detect cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion and migration. Western blot was used to detect the expression of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway-related proteins. Finally, further discussion of the mechanism was conducted with the addition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibitor AG490.
Results
CC cell proliferation, invasion and migration induced by IL-17A significantly increased. At this point, the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is activated. AG490 can significantly reverse the promoting effect of IL-17A on the malignant progression of CC cells.
Conclusion
IL-17A promoted the malignant progression of colon cancer cells by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Psychological Capital and Alienation among patients with COVID-19 infection: The mediating role of Social Support
Authors: Wu Chao , He Chun-yan , Yan Jia-ran , Zhang Hong-li , Li Lu , Tian Ci , Chen Nana , Wang Qing-yi , Zhang Yu-hai , Lang Hong-juan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 infection continues all over the world, causing serious physical and psychological impacts to patients. Patients with COVID-19 infection suffer from various negative emotional experiences such as anxiety, depression, mania, and alienation, which seriously affect their normal life and is detrimental to the prognosis. Our study is aimed to investigate the effect of psychological capital on alienation among patients with COVID-19 and the mediating role of social support in this relationship.
Methods
The data were collected in China by the convenient sampling method. A sample of 259 COVID-19 patients completed the psychological capital, social support and social alienation scale and the structural equation model was adopted to verify the research hypotheses.
Results
Psychological capital was significantly and negatively related to the COVID-19 patients’ social alienation (p < .01). And social support partially mediated the association between psychological capital and patients’ social alienation (p < .01).
Conclusion
Psychological capital is critical to predicting COVID-19 patients’ social alienation. Social support plays an intermediary role and explains how psychological capital alleviates the sense of social alienation among patients with COVID-19 infection.
Chemical sterilisation and vetiver grass performance on gold tailings dump chrono-toposequences at Muriel mine, Zimbabwe
Authors: Jephita Gotosa , Nomatter Chikwenya , Tatenda Nyenda , Lynda Mangori Zelma 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Land pollution at gold mine dumps requires sustainable rehabilitation. A study was conducted at Muriel gold mine, Zimbabwe to investigate the integrated effects of dump age, topographic position and soil depth on chemical degradation and vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanoides) performance. The triplicated experiment was set up as a split-split plot, where the fresh dump, old dump and reference site were the main treatments; topographic position (upper, middle, lower) was the sub treatment and soil layer (0-20cm, 20-50cm) was the sub-sub treatment. Samples collected from soil layers were analysed for total lead(Pb), zinc(Zn) and iron(Fe), pH and salinity. Irrigated vetiver growth was monitored over 12 weeks through measuring changes in height, rooting depth and shoot numbers. The old dump was acidic (pH = 4.30 ± 0.207); fresh dump alkaline (pH = 8.32 ± 0.142) and reference site was neutral (pH = 7.9 ± 0.09). Salinity was highest in the 20-50cm layers on old dump lower slopes due to salt concentrating processes of: evaporation, metal dissolution and translocation of cyanidation effluents. Total Pb, Zn and Fe concentrations were highest (p < 0.05) at the old dump; lower (p < 0.05) in the 0-20cm layers and differed (p < 0.05) in the order: upper < middle < lower slope. Soil Zn and Pb concentrations exceeded safe limits at lower slope positions of both dumps. Vetiver growth parameters were 1.5-3 times higher (p < 0.05) on the reference site compared with the dumps. Sterilisation of gold dumps was determined by chemical transformation and translocation processes on the landscape. Expeditious biological rehabilitation of dumps is recommended to evade unsuitable conditions created by rapid acidification.
Quality monitoring of resistance spot welding based on digital twin
Authors: dong jianwei , Hu Jianming , Luo Zhen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As an important means to realize intelligent manufacturing, digital twin is a digital expression of physical entities, which realizes virtual-real interaction and iterative optimization of product design and manufacturing by constructing a bridge of information mapping between the physical world and the virtual world. Resistance spot welding technology is widely used in automotive manufacturing, aerospace and other fields as a spot linking process for the manufacture of thin sheet structures. Resistance spot welding is a highly nonlinear coupled process, and physical models make it difficult to accurately monitor its quality. This paper takes 2219/5A06 aluminum plates with different thicknesses as the object, and applies digital twin technology to the welding process monitoring of aluminum plates to effectively improve the quality and efficiency of aluminum plate welding. In order to break through the key technologies such as information interaction in the digital twin system, a data acquisition system for resistance spot welding process is established and a real-time data processing technology based on wavelet threshold analysis is proposed. Based on the real-time data, the processed process parameters are tested in Digital-twin space to verify the feasibility of the solution. Feedback process parameters to physical entities to enable online quality monitoring of resistance spot welding and promote product quality stability during production.
Be Well™ Acres Homes: a community-driven, evidence-based approach to reduce health inequities through sustained cross-sector partnership
Authors: Rechis Ruth , Oestman Katherine B , Walsh Michael T , Love Brad , Hawk Ernest 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Be Well Communities™ is MD Anderson’s signature place-based approach for cancer prevention and control, working with communities to promote wellness and address modifiable risk factors for cancer. In this project, the planning phase of the Be Well Communities’ model was implemented in Acres Homes.
Methods
A community advisory group (Steering Committee) including residents, non-profit organizations, health care partners, city and county agencies, plus other stakeholders, was convened and aligned through a structured process to develop shared goals, foster multisector collaboration, as measured by a stakeholder survey administered twice, and enhance community capacity to improve health outcomes through development of a Community Action Plan.
Results
Clear, achievable goals were developed, multisector collaboration was enhanced, and more than 400 hours of capacity building support led to a Community Action Plan focused on healthy eating and active living, including 15 evidence-based interventions led by 18 organizations. The majority (93%) of the Steering Committee reports that this plan reflects community priorities and will reach the residents most in need.
Conclusions
By listening and developing trust, the Be Well Communities team successfully worked with Acres Homes residents and organizations to enhance community capacity to address health inequities in one of Houston’s most historic communities.
Exploration on Ononin and Corylin molecule Against Anti-Influenza H1N1 A Virus via Molecular Docking, Molecular dynamics simulation and Binding free energy calculations
Authors: Bangaru Sathya , Thamotharan Keerthivasan , Manickam Srinivasan , Ramasamy Anandha Krishnan , Perumalsamy Ramasamy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ononin and Corylin drug molecules exhibit antiviral effects against the H1N1 influenza A virus, with IC50 values of30%at 200 µM and > 115 µM, respectively.The drug molecules Ononin and Corylin obey the Lipinski’s rule of five. Ononin and Corylin's ADMET properties indicate that the molecules can be exploited as an oral drug due to high solubility nature. The combined approach of computational methods such as molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and binding free calculations was used as a tool to achieve the drug-receptor intermolecular interactions, molecular electrostatic potential, conformational and energetic stability for Ononin and Corylin with H1N1 NA enzyme. The NBO, global and local reactivity descriptors were computed to find the stabilization energy, chemical reactivity, kinetic stability and toxicity nature for Ononin and Corylin molecules. As a consequence, the Ononin and Corylin molecules has good biological activity and could be used as a probable treatment against the H1N1 influenza A virus.
Barriers to mental health help-seeking among young-adult medical students in Egypt: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Elsaeidy Ahmed Saad , Rabie Salma , Adwi Mohamed , Abdel-Haleem Muhammad Amer , Shalaby Mahmoud Mohamed Mohamed , Bahnasy Ayman Ashraf Elsayed , Sameh Mostafa , Shaker Raneyah H. M. , Elsaeidy Khaled Saad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose
High levels of mental distress were reported among medical students, however, only a small portion decides to seek help. This study aims at identifying the most diagnosed mental disorders among medical students in Egypt, recognizing their family attitudes and the major barriers that deter them from help seeking.
Method
This is a cross-sectional study conducted on Egyptian medical students from different universities. Each student filled out a questionnaire assessing the sociodemographic factors, the presence of previously diagnosed mental disorder, the barriers to mental health help-seeking using 27 items from the 30-item Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE), and the family's attitude towards mental health.
Result
1037 students filled completed the questionnaire, and 23.4% mentioned being previously diagnosed with mental illness. The top three major barriers were attitudinal, reflecting a tendency for self-reliance, and a low preferability for emotional expressiveness. The fourth major barrier was stigma-related, representing a fear of what the family might say or think. Most of the students’ families had a positive attitude and support for mental health. The parent’s mental health attitude was positively associated with higher levels of education.
Conclusion
Multiple attitudinal barriers represented hindrance to mental health help-seeking and reflected self-reliance tendency among the study participants. This self-reliance proclivity needs to be investigated since it is a common theme noticed among the young generations, however, it could be used for designing self-help programs that strengthen mental health integrity and literacy.
A Novel Nearest Neighbors Algorithm Based on Power Muirhead Mean
Authors: Shahnazari Kourosh , Ayyoubzadeh Seyed Moein 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm is one of the most used classifiers in terms of simplicity and performance. Although, when a dataset has many outliers or when it is small or unbalanced, KNN doesn't work well. This paper aims to propose a novel classifier, based on K-Nearest Neighbors which calculates the local means of every class using the Power Muirhead Mean operator to overcome alluded issues. We called our new algorithm Power Muirhead Mean K-Nearest Neighbors (PMM-KNN). Eventually, we used five well-known datasets to assess PMM-KNN performance. The research results demonstrate that the PMM-KNN has outperformed three state-of-the-art classification methods in all experiments.
Demographic Diversity of Genetic Databases Used in Alzheimer’s Disease Research
Authors: Field Robert I. , Orlando Anthony W. , Rosoff Arnold J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
For several years, experts have warned about the lack of diversity in genetic research databases, and researchers have devoted time and resources to recruiting subjects from underrepresented subgroups. In this study, we review published reports in academic journals of genetic studies of Alzheimer’s disease to note whether demographic diversity was indicated in the reports and, if so, the extent of representation of non-European subjects over the period from 1997 to 2022. We use multivariate regression analysis to analyze changes over time and to explain variation across studies. Our analysis indicates that reported diversity has not changed over time. Rather, it appears to have remained relatively constant since GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) were first used in the 1990s. We find most variation to be across journals rather than within journals, suggesting that characteristics of journals are an important influence on the dissemination of research with diverse samples. Lack of racial diversity in genetic databases used to develop clinical applications could lead to disparities in the effectiveness of those applications for underrepresented groups.