bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The universal shape of the X-ray variability power spectrum of AGN up to z ∼ 3
Authors: Paolillo M. , Papadakis I. E. , Brandt W. N. , Bauer F. E. , Lanzuisi G. , Allevato V. , Shemmer O. , Zheng X. C. , De Cicco D. , Gilli R. , Luo B. , Thomas M. , Tozzi P. , Vito F. , Xue Y. Q. 
Published: March 2023

Aims. We study the ensemble X-ray variability properties of active galactic nuclei (AGN) over large ranges of timescale (20 ks ≤ T ≤ 14 yr), redshift (0 ≤ z ≲ 3), luminosity (1040 erg s−1 ≤ LX ≤ 1046 erg s−1), and black hole (BH) mass (106 ≤ M⊙ ≤ 109).
Methods. We propose the use of the variance-frequency diagram as a viable alternative to the study of the power spectral density (PSD), which is not yet accessible for distant, faint, and/or sparsely sampled AGN.
Results. We show that the data collected from archival observations and previous literature studies are fully consistent with a universal PSD form, which does not show any evidence for systematic evolution of shape or amplitude with redshift or luminosity, even if there may be differences between individual AGN at a given redshift or luminosity. We find new evidence that the PSD bend frequency depends on BH mass and possibly on accretion rate. We finally discuss the implications for current and future AGN population and cosmological studies.
Le partenariat public-privé appliqué aux investissements dans la grande irrigation en Afrique : le Projet de promotion du partenariat rizicole dans le Delta du fleuve Sénégal
Authors: Sylla El Hadji Malick , Seck Sidy Mohamed , Barbier Bruno , Niang Souleymane , Faye Cheikh Ahmed Tidiane , Ndiaye Amadou Moussa 
Published: March 2023

L’autosuffisance en riz poursuivie par l’État du Sénégal depuis l’Indépendance a motivé des investissements colossaux dans le Delta du fleuve Sénégal, au nord du pays. Cet article évalue la contribution du Projet de promotion du partenariat rizicole dans le Delta (3PRD) aux dynamiques organisationnelles et techniques. L’importance de ce projet repose sur le partenariat public-privé, un paradigme récent dans le monde du développement de l’agriculture irriguée. Notre démarche est basée sur un travail de synthèse bibliographique, des visites de terrain, des entretiens avec les responsables du projet et des enquêtes auprès des agriculteurs. Les résultats suggèrent deux progrès majeurs réalisés par le 3PRD : l’autonomisation des producteurs privés dans un grand aménagement collectif impliquant la participation de la société de développement SAED et l’introduction d’un nouveau matériel pour l’irrigation, l’électropompe. Ils montrent aussi que des efforts restent à réaliser en matière d’intensité culturale et de rendement agricole pour permettre aux producteurs de mieux rentabiliser les investissements qu’ils ont réalisés dans leurs périmètres.
Feasibility of Network-Based, Online Endovascular Simulator Training in Real Time: Results from a Pilot Study
Authors: Feyen Ludger , Minko Peter , Franke Nina , Völker Martin , Haage Patrick , Paprottka Philipp , Nadjiri Jonathan , Katoh Marcus 
Published: March 2023

Purpose To test the feasibility of an online, simulator-based comprehensive interventional radiology (IR) training curriculum in times of COVID-19-induced travel restrictions.
Materials and Methods A network of six VIST simulators (Mentice, Gothenburg, Sweden) was installed in six geographically different radiology departments. Two courses with six sessions each took place. 43 participants were recruited on a voluntary basis among local residents. The training sessions were conducted in real time with interconnected simulation devices and were led by experts in the field of IR on a rotational basis. The participants attitude toward various topics was quantified before and after training on a seven-point Likert scale (1 = “not at all”, 7 = “to the highest degree”). In addition, post-course surveys were conducted.
Results The courses led to an improvement for all items compared with baseline: interest in IR (pre: 5.5, post: 6.1), knowledge of endovascular procedures (pre: 4.1, post: 4.6), likelihood of choosing IR as a subspecialty (pre: 5.7, post: 5.9). Experience with endovascular procedures (pre: 3.7, post: 4.6) improved significantly (p = 0.016). In the post-course surveys high satisfaction rates with the pedagogical approach (mean 6), the teaching content (mean 6.4), and the duration and frequency of the course (mean 6.1) were observed.
Conclusion The implementation of a simultaneous endovascular online training curriculum in different geographic locations is feasible. The curriculum has the potential to meet the demand for training in IR in times of COVID-19-associated travel restrictions and can complement future training in the context of radiologic congresses.
Key Points:
Intravascular Treatment Techniques for Locoregional Therapies of Lung Tumors
Authors: Vogl Thomas J. , Mekkawy Ahmed , Thabet Duaa B. 
Published: March 2023

Background Lung cancer incidence has greatly increased over the past century. Moreover, the lung is the most common site of metastatic involvement. Despite improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of lung malignancies, patient prognosis is still unsatisfactory. Locoregional chemotherapeutic techniques for the treatment of lung malignancies are the current focus of research. The aim of this review article is to present different locoregional intravascular techniques and their treatment principles and to assess the pros and cons of each of them as a palliative and neoadjuvant treatment method in the treatment of lung malignancy.
Method The different methods for the treatment of malignant lung lesions such as isolated lung perfusion (ILP), selective pulmonary artery perfusion (SPAP), transpulmonary chemoembolization (TPCE), bronchial artery infusion (BAI), bronchioarterial chemoembolization (BACE), and intraarteriel chemoperfusion (IACP) are evaluated comparatively.
Results Locoregional intravascular chemotherapy procedures are proving to be promising treatment options in the management of malignant lung tumors. In order to achieve optimal results, the locoregional technique should be used to achieve the highest possible uptake of the chemotherapeutic agent into the target tissue with rapid systemic clearance.
Conclusion Among the various treatment options for lung malignancies, TPCE is the best evaluated treatment concept. However, further studies are necessary to define the optimal treatment concept with the best clinical outcomes.
Key Points
Citation Format
Interventional Management of Vascular Complications after Renal Transplantation
Authors: Verloh Niklas , Doppler Michael , Hagar Muhammad Taha , Kulka Charlotte , von Krüchten Ricarda , Neubauer Jakob , Weiß Jakob , Röthele Elvira , Schneider Johanna , Jänigen Bernd , Uller Wibke 
Published: March 2023

Background Kidney transplantations are increasing due to demographic changes and are the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease. Non-vascular and vascular complications may occur in the early phase after transplantation and at later stages. Overall postoperative complications after renal transplantations occur in approximately 12 % to 25 % of renal transplant patients. In these cases, minimally invasive therapeutic interventions are essential to ensure long-term graft function. This review article focuses on the most critical vascular complications after renal transplantation and highlights current recommendations for interventional treatment.
Method A literature search was performed in PubMed using the search terms “kidney transplantation”, “complications”, and “interventional treatment”. Furthermore, the 2022 annual report of the German Foundation for Organ Donation and the EAU guidelines for kidney transplantation (European Association of Urology) were considered.
Results and Conclusion Image-guided interventional techniques are favorable compared with surgical revision and should be used primarily for the treatment of vascular complications. The most common vascular complications after renal transplantation are arterial stenoses (3 %–12.5 %), followed by arterial and venous thromboses (0.1 %–8.2 %) and dissection (0.1 %). Less frequently, arteriovenous fistulas or pseudoaneurysms occur. In these cases, minimally invasive interventions show a low complication rate and good technical and clinical results. Diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up should be performed in an interdisciplinary approach at highly specialized centers to ensure the preservation of graft function. Surgical revision should be considered only after exhausting minimally invasive therapeutic strategies.
Key Points:
Citation Format
Antimicrobial Isoflavans and Other Metabolites of Dalea jamesii
Authors: Belofsky Gil , Ahn Hyojin , Zapata Maxwell , Wilcox Dominique , Salomon Christine E. , Spiegel P. Clint 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe phytochemical investigation of extracts of Dalea jamesii root and aerial portions led to the isolation of ten phenolic compounds. Six previously undescribed prenylated
isoflavans, summarily named ormegans A – F (1 – 6), were characterized, along with two new arylbenzofurans (7, 8), a known flavone (9), and a known chroman (10).
The structures of the new compounds were deduced by NMR spectroscopy, supported by HRESI mass spectrometry. The absolute configurations of 1 – 6 were determined by circular dichroism
spectroscopy. Compounds 1 – 9 exhibited in vitro antimicrobial activities, causing 98% or greater growth inhibition at concentrations as low as 2.5 – 5.1 µM against
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Interestingly, the most active compound was the
dimeric arylbenzofuran 8 (> 90% growth inhibition at 2.5 µM) against both methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis, tenfold more active
than its corresponding monomer (7).
Psychische Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie bei freiberuflichen
Berufsmusiker*innen
Authors: Rosenbaum Dirk , Weibelzahl Stephan 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungMit Beginn der Einschränkungen des öffentlichen Lebens in der
COVID-19-Pandemie im März 2020 waren freiberufliche
Berufsmusiker*innen erheblichen pandemiebedingten Beschränkungen
in der Ausübung ihres Berufes ausgesetzt. Aufgrund ihrer besonderen
Arbeitsbedingungen galt diese Berufsgruppe schon vor der Pandemie als
Hochrisikogruppe in Bezug auf psychische Gesundheit. Die vorliegende Studie
untersucht die Stärke der psychischen Belastung bei
Berufsmusiker*innen während der Pandemie in Abhängigkeit
psychischer Grundbedürfnisse sowie das Hilfesuche-Verhalten. Im Juli und
August 2021 wurde in einer deutschlandweiten Stichprobe von N=209
Berufsmusiker*innen die psychische Belastung mit Hilfe der ICD-10
Symptom Checklist (ISR) gemessen. Darüber hinaus wurde ermittelt,
inwieweit die psychischen Grundbedürfnisse der Musiker*innen
erfüllt sind und ob sie sich professionelle psychologische Hilfe suchen
würden. Im Vergleich zu verschiedenen Kontrollgruppen vor und
während der Pandemie zeigte sich eine signifikant stärkere
Ausprägung der psychischen Symptomatik bei Berufsmusiker*innen
gegenüber der Allgemeinbevölkerung vor und während der
Pandemie. Regressionsanalysen stützen die Annahme, dass pandemiebedingte
Veränderungen bei den psychischen Grundbedürfnissen Lustgewinn
bzw. Unlustvermeidung, Selbstwerterhöhung bzw. Selbstwertschutz und
Bindung einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Ausprägung der
Depressionssymptomatik haben. Das Hilfesuche-Verhalten der Musiker*innen
nimmt dagegen mit Erhöhung der Depressionssymptomatik ab. Aufgrund der
starken psychischen Gesamtbelastungen bei freiberuflichen Musiker*innen
besteht Handlungsbedarf, insbesondere in der Bereitstellung speziell angepasster
psychosozialer Hilfsangebote.
Handlungs- und Forschungsbedarf in der Psychosomatischen und
Orthopädischen Rehabilitation aus der Sicht von Rehabilitand:innen und
Mitarbeitenden in der Rehabilitation
Authors: Baumann Lisa Ann , Schüz Natalie , Hessel Aike , Obiedzinski Sina , Brütt Anna Levke 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die Studie erfasst den praktischen Handlungs- und
Forschungsbedarf für die psychosomatische und orthopädische
Rehabilitation aus Sicht von Rehabilitand:innen und Mitarbeitenden in der
Rehabilitation.
Methodik Das Projekt gliederte sich in eine Identifizierungs- und eine
Priorisierungsphase. In der Identifizierungsphase wurden 3872 ehemalige
Rehabilitand:innen, 235 Mitarbeitende aus drei Rehabilitationskliniken und 31
Mitarbeitende der Deutschen Rentenversicherung Oldenburg-Bremen (DRV OL-HB) zu
einer schriftlichen Befragung eingeladen. Die Teilnehmenden wurden gebeten, aus
ihrer Sicht relevante Handlungs- und Forschungsbedarfe für die
psychosomatische und orthopädische Rehabilitation zu benennen. Die
Antworten wurden qualitativ anhand eines induktiv entwickelten
Kategorien-Systems ausgewertet. Aus den Kategorien wurden praktische
Handlungsfelder und Forschungsfragen formuliert. In der Priorisierungsphase
wurden die identifizierten Themen in eine Reihenfolge gebracht. Hierfür
wurden 32 Rehabilitand:innen zu einem Priorisierungsworkshop und 152
Rehabilitand:innen, 239 Klinik-Mitarbeitende und 37 Mitarbeitende der DRV OL-HB
zu einer zweistufigen schriftlichen Delphi-Befragung eingeladen. Die
priorisierten Listen aus beiden Methoden wurden zu einer Top 10 Liste
zusammengefasst.
Ergebnisse An der Identifizierungsphase nahmen 217 Rehabilitand:innen, 32
Klinik-Mitarbeitende und 13 Mitarbeitende der DRV OL-HB teil. Innerhalb der
Priorisierungsphase nahmen 75 Rehabilitand:innen, 33 Klinik-Mitarbeitende und 8
Mitarbeitende der DRV OL-HB an beiden Erhebungswellen der Delphi-Befragung teil.
11 Rehabilitand:innen beteiligten sich am Priorisierungsworkshop. Praktischer
Handlungsbedarf besteht vorrangig bei der Umsetzung einer ganzheitlichen und
individuellen Rehabilitation, bei der Qualitätssicherung sowie bei der
Aufklärung und Beteiligung von Rehabilitand:innen. Forschungsbedarf
besteht vorrangig bei dem Rehabilitationszugang, den Strukturen im
Rehabilitationssetting (beispielsweise zur trägerübergreifenden
Zusammenarbeit), der Ausgestaltung von rehabilitativen Interventionen
(individueller, alltagstauglicher) und der Motivation von
Rehabilitand:innen.
Schlussfolgerung Die identifizierten Handlungs- und Forschungsbedarfe
umfassen viele Themen, die bereits in vorherigen Forschungsprojekten und von
verschiedenen Akteuren in der Rehabilitation als Probleme identifiziert wurden.
Zukünftig muss vermehrt die Entwicklung von Bearbeitungs- und
Lösungsstrategien für die identifizierten Themen sowie die
Implementierung dieser Strategien fokussiert werden.
One-Pot, Metal-Free Synthesis of Phenols from Arylboronic Acids and Subsequent Conversion with N-Hydroxyphthalimide Esters
Authors: Guan Haixing , Li Wei , Zhang Zhigang , Ding Di , Yang Yiming , Wan Ruiying , Gong Lili 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA one-pot synthesis of phenyl esters between N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHP) esters derived from carboxylic acid and arylboronic acids is developed. This tandem reaction underwent mild conditions with a broad range of substrates scope (up to 27 examples) in good to excellent yields (up to 93% yield). The reaction can be easily scaled up, which thus pave the way for further applications in late-stage modification.
A Hospital-Based Study of Factors Associated with COVID-19-Related Deaths in Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Krishnamurthy  , Bashir Muzamil , Tripathi Alok , Jain Ishi 
Published: March 2023

Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly affected mortality in India and public health efforts must focus on preventing the avoidable fatalities during this pandemic. Understanding various clinical characteristics of the deceased patients of COVID-19 along with the estimation of time interval between the onset of symptoms and admission in hospital and various factors associated with COVID-19 related deaths could inform public health interventions focusing on preventing deaths due to COVID-19.

Material and Methods
The present study was a retrospective hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in Subharti Medical College and Hospital, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. The duration of the study was 21 months. Data of COVID-19 deaths were collected from the Medical Record Department of Chhatrapati Shivaji Subharti Hospital, Meerut, which is a dedicated Level-3 COVID Hospital.

Results
Total Deaths due to COVID-19 were 298. Out of 298 deaths, 205 were males and 93 were females. The maximum number of deaths were in May 2021. When the duration of oxygen support was 1 to 5 days in 44.97% of the deceased, less than 1 day were 17.11% and more than 5 days were 17.11. The duration of ventilator support was less than 1 day in 39.26% of the deceased, 1 to 3 days in 39.3%, and more than 3 days in 21.14% of the deceased. The most common symptom associated with COVID-19 deceased was fever with breathlessness both in males and females. The most common co-morbid condition associated with COVID-19 deaths was hypertension with diabetes mellitus both in males and females.

Conclusion
From the present study, we conclude that the majority of deaths were males. The maximum number of deaths due to COVID-19 was in May 2021, both in males and females. The most common symptom associated was fever with breathlessness and most common comorbid condition associated with deaths of COVID patients were hypertension with diabetes mellitus. The duration of oxygen support was 1 to 5 days in the majority of the patients. The duration of ventilator support was less than 1 day in the majority of patients.
Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery in the Elderly
Authors: Franz Maximilian , De Manna Nunzio Davide , Schulz Saskia , Ius Fabio , Haverich Axel , Cebotari Serghei , Tudorache Igor , Salman Jawad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background The minimally invasive mitral valve procedure warrants minimal surgical trauma and might influence the postoperative course positively, especially in old patients. In this retrospective study, we reviewed our experience in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (miMVS) in patients aged ≥ 75 years.
Methods In this retrospective cohort study, based on propensity score matching, we compared patients aged ≥75 years with patients aged <75 years who underwent miMVS. The primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. Secondary endpoints were myocardial infarction, stroke, and renal failure.
Results Between January 2011 and February 2021, 761 patients underwent miMVS at our institution. After propensity score matching, a study group (≥75 years, n = 189) and a control group (<75 years, n = 189) were formed. Preoperatively patients ≥75 years more often suffered from NYHA III heart failure (60 vs. 46%; p = 0.013). Their valves were more often frequently replaced (48 vs. 32%; p < 0.001), and their postoperative ventilation time was longer (13 hours vs. 11 hours; p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences regarding postoperative stroke (3 vs. 0.6%; p = 0.16), myocardial infarction (0 vs. 1%; p = 0.32), renal insufficiency with new dialysis (5 vs. 4%; p = 0.62), and 30-day mortality (4 vs. 2%; p = 0.56).
Conclusion miMVS results in satisfactory early postoperative outcomes in elderly patients.
Challenging Endovascular Treatment of Coral Reef Aorta and a Literature Review
Authors: Christoforou Panagitsa , Kapoulas Konstantinos , Bekos Christos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoral reef aorta is a rare type of atherosclerotic disease that causes severe calcification in the abdominal aorta.We present a case of coral reef aorta with hemodynamically significant symptomatic aortic stenosis causing intermittent claudication and bilateral cyanosis of the toes.Despite the challenging anatomy for endovascular treatment, the patient underwent successful transfemoral endovascular stent-graft placement.The endovascular intervention with stents is a viable alternative method and, in many cases, constitutes the first choice for the treatment of coral reef aorta.
Comparing the Diagnostic Utility of Conventional Direct Ophthalmoscopy with Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy among Medical Students
Authors: Sharieff Jibran , Bugg Victoria , Barrett Zachary C. W. , Ding Kai , Patel Anil , Choi Preston , Yanovitch Tammy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose To compare the diagnostic ability of medical students using smartphone ophthalmoscopy (SO) with conventional direct ophthalmoscopy (DO).
Methods Twenty-eight first- and second-year medical students were trained to use the SO and DO. They also attended educational seminars regarding optic nerve and retinal pathology and were given hands-on practice with each ophthalmoscopy method. Students were randomized 2:1 into one of the groups (DO or SO). Students then examined six patients and recorded their findings, ease of use, and confidence level on a questionnaire. Two attending ophthalmologists, masked to the randomization, graded the student questionnaires. A priori power calculation determined the sample size. The primary outcome measure was the percentage of correct diagnoses the students made. Two-sample t-test, Wilcoxon's rank-sum test, and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the outcomes.
Results Students using the SO outperformed students using DO in terms of mean percent correct (% correct) diagnosis (smartphone: 42% vs. direct: 23%; p-value = 0.0057), mean % correct photo match (smartphone: mean = 60% vs. direct: 32%; p-value = 0.0052), and mean % correct nerve/retinal descriptors (smartphone: 72% vs. direct: 59%; p-value = 0.0048). There was not a significant difference in terms of perceived ease of use (smartphone: mean = 3.3 vs. direct: mean = 2.6; p-value = 0.0945), or subjective confidence (smartphone: mean = 2.6 vs. direct: mean = 2.1; p-value = 0.0808) between the two groups.
Conclusion SO provides an alternate way for medical students to learn, diagnose, and describe ocular pathology.
The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Foreign Body Aspiration
Authors: Ozturk Kubra , Boybeyi Ozlem , Soyer Tutku 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background This article evaluates the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on clinical course and management of cases that underwent bronchoscopy for suspected foreign body aspiration (FBA) in children.
Methods The patients who underwent bronchoscopy with a presumptive diagnosis of FBA between July 2018 and December 2021 were evaluated for demographic features, clinical findings, management details, and outcomes. Patients were divided in two groups: before pandemic (group A) and during pandemic (group B).
Results In total 79 cases with a median age of 5 years (4–5) in group A (n = 47) and 3 years (2–3) in group B (n = 32) were included (p < 0.05). The witnessed aspiration was significantly higher in group B (90.6%) when compared to group A (53%) (p < 0.05). Admission time was less than 48 hours in 30 cases (64%) in group A and 23 cases (72%) in group B (p = 0.002). The intervention time was less than 24 hours in 30 cases (64%) in group A, 9 cases (28%) in group B (p = 0.002). Bronchoscopy was performed after COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing in all cases in group B. The positive FBA rate was 38% (n = 18) in group A, and 59% (n = 19) in group B (p = 0.067).
Conclusion During pandemics, bronchoscopy for FBA was performed in younger infants than before pandemic and witnessed aspiration was significantly more common in that period. The differences in age groups and symptoms may be explained by spending more time at home during pandemics. Waiting for the PCR test results causes delays in the intervention. However, this delay did not cause any respiratory distress.