bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seize market opportunities: market segmentation, profile and monitoring through user-generated content
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyan , Lin Jie , Wang Chao , Zhou Lixin 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to propose a normative approach for market segmentation, profile and monitoring using computing and information technology to analyze User-Generated Content (UGC).Design/methodology/approachThe specific steps include performing a structural analysis of the UGC and extracting the base variables and values from it, generating a consumer characteristics matrix for segmenting process, and finally describing the segments' preferences, regional and dynamic characteristics. The authors verify the feasibility of the method with publicly available data. The external validity of the method is also tested through questionnaires and product regional sales data.FindingsThe authors apply the proposed methodology to analyze 53,526 UGCs in the New Energy Vehicle (NEV) market and classify consumers into four segments: Brand-Value Suitors (32%), Rational Consumers (21%), High-Quality Fanciers (26%) and Utility-driven Consumers (21%). The authors describe four segments' preferences, dynamic changes over the past six years and regional characteristics among China's top five sales cities. Then, the authors verify the external validity of the methodology through a questionnaire survey and actual NEV sales in China.Practical implicationsThe proposed method enables companies to utilize computing and information technology to understand the market structure and grasp the dynamic trends of market segments, which assists them in developing R&D and marketing plans.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the research on UGC-based universal market segmentation methods. In addition, the proposed UGC structural analysis algorithm implements a more fine-grained data analysis.
Closed formula of test length required for adaptive testing with medium probability of solution
Authors: T. Kárász Judit , Széll Krisztián , Takács Szabolcs 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Based on the general formula, which depends on the length and difficulty of the test, the number of respondents and the number of ability levels, this study aims to provide a closed formula for the adaptive tests with medium difficulty (probability of solution is p = 1/2) to determine the accuracy of the parameters for each item and in the case of calibrated items, determine the required test length given number of respondents.

Design/methodology/approach
Empirical results have been obtained on computerized or multistage adaptive implementation. Simulation studies and classroom/experimental results show that adaptive tests can measure test subjects’ ability to the same quality over half the test length compared to linear versions. Due to the complexity of the problem, the authors discuss a closed mathematical formula: the relationship between the length of the tests, the difficulty of solving the items, the number of respondents and the levels of ability.

Findings
The authors present a closed formula that provides a lower bound for the minimum test length in the case of adaptive tests. The authors also present example calculations using the formula, based on the assessment framework of some student assessments to show the similarity between the theoretical calculations and the empirical results.

Originality/value
With this formula, we can form a connection between theoretical and simulation results.
Economic burden of alopecia areata: A study of direct and indirect cost in Japan using real‐world data
Authors: Ohyama Manabu , Kamei Kazumasa , Yuasa Akira , Anderson Peter , Milligan Gary , Sakaki‐Yumoto Masayo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlopecia area (AA) is a common autoimmune disorder, characterized by hair loss. Although its impact on quality of life is fairly well understood, studies on the economic impact of AA are limited. The aim of this study was to quantify the personal and nationwide economic burden of AA in Japan. Data were drawn from the Adelphi AA Disease Specific Programme (DSP)™, a real‐world, cross‐sectional survey with retrospective data collection, of Japanese physicians and patients with AA. The study was conducted in 2021, before the approval of Janus kinase inhibitors for AA. Physicians and their consulting AA patients completed questionnaires regarding disease severity, treatment, and AA‐related costs. The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire was used to evaluate the impact of AA on patients' work and activity. Nationwide estimates of cost and productivity loss were extrapolated from collected patient data. A total of 50 physicians provided data on 235 patients; 58.7% were female, mean ± SD age was 41.1 ± 11.8 years, and mean physician‐estimated scalp hair loss was 40.4% ± 30.2%. Prescription medication use was high (92.3% of patients), but the use of over‐the‐counter medication was low, at 8.7%. Mean cost to patients for medication was ¥ 4263 (US$ 32.42) per month. Productivity while at work (presenteeism) was significantly impaired (23.9% ± 25.7%), but absenteeism was low (0.9% ± 2.8%). The total nationwide cost of AA was estimated at 112.7 billion yen (US$ 857 million), of which 88.1 billion yen (78.2%) was due to productivity loss. Over 2 million days per year of activity time were estimated to be lost due to AA. Thus, despite not being a physically limiting disease, AA has a significant impact in terms of cost and time, both on a personal and national level. These data highlight the need for more targeted interventions to reduce the effects of AA on the Japanese economy.
Mechanisms that can cause population decline under heavily skewed male‐biased adult sex ratios
Authors: Chiba Susumu , Iwamoto Aya , Shimabukuro Seina , Matsumoto Hiroyuki , Inoue Karin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

While adult sex ratio (ASR) is a crucial component for population management, there is still a limited understanding of how its fluctuation affects population dynamics. To demonstrate mechanisms that hinder population growth under a biased ASR, we examined changes in reproductive success with ASR using a decapod crustacean exposed to female‐selective harvesting.

We examined the effect of ASR on the spawning success of females. A laboratory experiment showed that the number of eggs carried by females decreased as the proportion of males in the mating groups increased. Although the same result was not observed in data collected over 25 years in the wild, the negative effect of ASR was suggested when success in carrying eggs was considered as a spawning success. These results indicate that a surplus of males results in females failing to carry eggs, probably due to sexual coercion, and the negative effect of ASR can be detected at the population level only when the bias increases because failure in spawning success occurs in part of population.

We experimentally examined how male‐biased sex ratios affected the maintenance of genetic diversity in a population. The diversity of paternity in a clutch increased with the number of candidate fathers. However, over 50% of a clutch was fertilised by a single male regardless of the sex ratio, and the degree of diversity was less than half of the highest diversity expected in each mating group.

We also experimentally examined the mating ability of males during the breeding season. The experiment showed that multiple mating by males could not compensate for the risk that their genotypes would be lost when multiple males competed for one female. These results suggest that a male‐biased ASR could trigger a decline of genetic diversity in a population.

We show that ASR skewed by female‐selective harvesting decreases reproductive success not only of males that have few mating opportunities but also of females. We discuss that we may still underestimate the significance of ASR on population persistence due to the difficulty of revealing the effect of ASR.
The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the lives of children and young people who have special educational needs and/or disabilities in the UK: A scoping review
Authors: Paterson Jacqueline , McCarthy Michelle , Triantafyllopoulou Paraskevi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic impacted everyone in the United Kingdom when restrictions were put in place to prevent the spread of the disease. However, it is thought that children and young people (CYP) with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) would be more affected than others due to existing inequalities and vulnerabilities. A scoping review methodology was used to ascertain what is known from academic literature about CYP with SEND in the United Kingdom. The findings indicate that existing inequalities for CYP with SEND and their families were exacerbated, with impacts on their mental health. Home‐learning and home life was also challenging for many, resulting in difficulties with education and physical health. The majority say the experience was negative, but there was a minority who experienced positive impacts because of the restrictions. This minority voice is sometimes a sizeable minority so their views should not be overlooked. Even those who found it mostly negative reported some positives which are of interest. Participants were mostly parent/carers of autistic CYP, and the research did not reach great numbers of CYP with other diagnoses nor did it hear from many CYP directly due to the restrictions in place at the time.
Advances in mass spectrometry technologies to characterize cervicovaginal microbiome functions that impact spontaneous preterm birth
Authors: Masson Lindi , Wilson Jenna , Amir Hamzah Aleya Sarah , Tachedjian Gilda , Payne Matthew 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPreterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. Infection is a major cause of this adverse outcome, particularly in PTBs characterised by spontaneous rupture of membranes, referred to as spontaneous (s)PTB. However, the aetiology of sPTB is not well defined and specific bacteria associated with sPTB differ between studies and at the individual level. This may be due to many factors including a lack of understanding of strain‐level differences in bacteria that influence how they function and interact with each other and the host. Metaproteomics and metabolomics are mass spectrometry‐based methods that enable the collection of detailed microbial and host functional information. Technological advances in this field have dramatically increased the resolution of these approaches, enabling the simultaneous detection of thousands of proteins or metabolites. These data can be used for taxonomic analysis of vaginal bacteria and other microbes, to understand microbiome‐host interactions, and identify diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Although these methods have been used to assess host proteins and metabolites, few have characterized the microbial compartment in the context of pregnancy. The utilisation of metaproteomic and metabolomic‐based approaches has the potential to vastly improve our understanding of the mechanisms leading to sPTB.
Cognitive vulnerability, anxiety, and physical well‐being in relation to 10‐year cardiovascular disease risk: The ATTICA epidemiological study
Authors: Vassou Christina , Chrysohoou Christina , Georgousopoulou Ekavi N. , Yannakoulia Mary , Pitsavos Christos , Cropley Mark , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the association between irrational beliefs and the 10‐year cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence among apparently healthy adults. The ATTICA study is a population‐based, prospective cohort (2002–2012) consisting of 853 participants without evidence of CVD (453 men and 400 women) who underwent psychological evaluations. Participants completed the Irrational Beliefs Inventory (IBI, range 0–88), a self‐reported measure consistent with the Ellis model of psychological disturbance. We conducted a factor analysis to develop irrational beliefs factors to evaluate the association between subcategories of irrational beliefs and CVD incidence. Demographic characteristics, detailed medical history, other psychological factors, and dietary and other lifestyle habits were also evaluated. The incidence of CVD was defined according to the International Coding Diseases (ICD)‐10 criteria. The identified dominant irrational beliefs factor, “cognitive vulnerability to anxiety,” consisted of demandingness, perfectionism, emotional irresponsibility, anxious overconcern, dependence on others, and overconcern for the welfare of others, was strongly associated with an increased 10‐year CVD risk. Nested multi‐adjusted regression analysis revealed that anxiety, as well as negative physical well‐being, mediated this relationship, and subset of irrational beliefs predicted CVD risk directly and indirectly through anxiety and negative physical well‐being. These findings further map the path through which irrational beliefs can contribute to CVDs and provide insights in favor of preventive healthcare.
Heat enhances the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide on duck granulosa cell proliferation and steroid biosynthesis in vitro
Authors: Luo Pei , Huang Xue‐bing , Zhan Xiao‐zhi , Yang Chen , Deng Zhi‐chao , Zhang Chen , Fu Xin‐liang , Tian Yun‐bo , Huang Yun‐mao , Liu Wen‐jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLipopolysaccharide (LPS) reduces the reproductive performance of laying ducks, especially during the hot summer months. To study the underlying mechanisms, we investigated the effects of different LPS concentrations and heat on duck granulosa cell (GC) proliferation and steroid biosynthesis in vitro. We investigated GC proliferation, secretion, and activation of the MAPK pathway. The cell cycle results showed that LPS treatment alone did not significantly affect cell proliferation, whereas the mRNA expression levels of IGF2, IGFBP2, and CyclinD1 were downregulated and p27kip1 was significantly upregulated after 2000 ng/mL LPS treatment when compared to untreated cells. In steroid hormone synthesis, although LPS increased the expression of most steroid biosynthesis genes, it inhibited the expression of CYP11A1 at high LPS concentrations. High temperatures enhanced the inhibitory effect of LPS on the expression of proliferation‐promoting genes. Heat significantly reduced CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 expression. In addition, the phosphorylation of P38 was significantly upregulated by high temperatures combined with LPS, whereas the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK was downregulated. The relative protein expression of Bax/BCL‐2 was upregulated at high temperatures in combination with LPS. Heat treatment enhanced the inhibitory effects of LPS on the proliferation and hormone biosynthesis of duck GCs in vitro.
The diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents: Past, present and future
Authors: Malhi Gin S. , Jadidi Maedeh , Bell Erica 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsThis article examines the ongoing debate concerning the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents. This contentious issue has generated robust discussion over the past two decades without consensus, and as such the true prevalence of so‐called paediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) remains unknown. In this article we offer a solution to break this deadlock.MethodsRecent meta‐analyses and additional literature concerning the definition and prevalence of PBD was critically reviewed with a view to understanding the perspectives of those developing the taxonomy of PBD, and those engaged in research and clinical practice.ResultsA key finding is the lack of iteration and meaningful communication between the various groups interested in PBD that stems from deep‐seated problems within our classificatory systems. This undermines our research efforts and complicates clinical practice. These problems make the already difficult diagnosis of bipolar disorder in adults even more challenging to transpose to younger populations, and additional complexities arise when parsing clinical phenomenology from normative developmental changes in youth. Therefore, in those manifesting bipolar symptoms post‐puberty, we argue for the use of adolescent bipolar disorder to describe bipolar symptoms whereas in pre‐pubertal children, we propose a reconceptualisation that allows symptomatic treatment to be advanced whilst requiring critical review of these symptoms over time.ConclusionSignificant changes in our current taxonomy are necessary and to be clinically meaningful, these revisions to our diagnoses need to be developmentally‐informed.
Unlocking big data to understand health services usage and government funding during pregnancy and early childhood, evidence in Australia
Authors: Hu Yanan , Zhang Xin , Callander Emily 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMaternity care is a high‐volume and high‐cost area of health care, which entails various types of service use throughout the course of the pregnancy. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the most common reasons and related costs of health services used by women and babies from pregnancy to 12‐month postbirth.MethodsWe used linked administrative data from one state of Australia, which contained all births in Queensland between 01/07/2017 and 30/06/2018. Descriptive analyses were used to identify the 10 most frequent reasons and related costs for accessing inpatient, outpatient, emergency department, and Medicare services. These are reported separately for women and babies in different periods.ResultsWe included 58,394 births in our data set. The results have highlighted that there was relatively uniform use of inpatient, outpatient, and Medicare services by women and babies, with the 10 most common services accounting for more than half of the total services accessed. However, the emergency department service use was more diverse. Medicare services accounted for the greatest volume (79.21%) of service events but only 10.21% of the overall funding, compared with inpatient services, which accounted for less volume (3.62%) but the highest amount of overall funding (75.19%).ConclusionStudy findings provide empirical evidence about the full spectrum of services used by birthing families and their babies, and could assist health providers and managers to understand the services women and infants actually access during pregnancy, birth, and postbirth.
A dose–response relationship found between the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding indicators and in‐hospital exclusive breastfeeding in US hospitals
Authors: Bookhart Larelle H. , Anstey Erica H. , Kramer Michael R. , Perrine Cria G. , Ramakrishnan Usha , Young Melissa F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn‐hospital exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is associated with longer breastfeeding durations, yet only 64% of US newborns are EBF for 7 days. The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding (Ten Steps) are a set of evidenced‐based maternity practices shown to improve breastfeeding outcomes; these were updated in 2018.MethodsUsing hospital‐level data from the 2018 Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care Survey (n = 2045 hospitals), we examined the prevalence of implementation of Ten Steps indicators (each step and total number of steps implemented). Using linear regression, we also examined the association between the steps and EBF prevalence adjusted for hospital characteristics and all other steps. Discharge support was not included in the models since it primarily occurs after hospital discharge.ResultsThe most frequently implemented step was the provision of prenatal breastfeeding education (95.6%). Steps with low implementation included rooming‐in (18.9%), facility policies supportive of breastfeeding (23.4%), and limited formula supplementation (28.2%). After adjusting for hospital characteristics and all other steps, limited formula supplementation (difference = 14.4: 95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.6, 16.1), prenatal breastfeeding education (difference = 7.0; 95% CI: 3.3, 10.8), responsive feeding (difference = 6.3; 95% CI: 3.7, 9.0), care right after birth (skin‐to‐skin; difference = 5.8; 95% CI: 4.2, 7.4), and rooming‐in (difference = 2.4; 95% CI: 0.4, 4.6) were associated with higher in‐hospital EBF prevalence. We found a dose–response relationship between the number of steps implemented and in‐hospital EBF prevalence.ConclusionIncreased implementation of the updated Ten Steps may improve EBF and infant and maternal health outcomes.
Nephrectomy for kidney tumour increases the risk of de novo arterial hypertension
Authors: Bigot Pierre , Bernhard Jean‐Christophe , Khene Zine‐Eddine , Dariane Charles , Lebdai Souhil , Doumerc Nicolas , Nouhaud François Xavier , Ouzaid Idir , Saulnier Patrick , Méjean Arnaud , Roupret Morgan , Bensalah Karim ,   the French Committee of Urologic Oncology
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate prospectively the effects of surgical excision of renal tumours on blood pressure (BP).Patients and MethodsIn a multicentre prospective study, we evaluated 200 patients who underwent nephrectomy for renal tumour between 2018 and 2020 at seven departments of the French Network for Kidney Cancer, the UroCCR. All patients had localized cancer without pre‐existing hypertension (HTN). Blood pressure was measured the week before nephrectomy, and at 1 month and 6 months after nephrectomy, according to the recommendations for home BP monitoring. Plasma renin was measured 1 week before surgery and 6 months after surgery. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of de novo HTN. The secondary endpoint was clinically significant increase in BP at 6 months, defined by an increase in systolic and/or diastolic ambulatory BP ≥10 mmHg or requirement for medical antihypertensive treatment.ResultsBlood pressure and renin measurements were available for 182 (91%) and 136 patients (68%), respectively. We excluded from the analysis 18 patients who had undeclared HTN detected on preoperative measurements. At 6 months, 31 patients (19.2%) had de novo HTN and 43 patients (26.3%) had a significant increase in their BP. Type of surgery was not associated with an increased risk of HTN (21.7% partial nephrectomy [PN] vs 15.7% radical nephrectomy [RN]; P = 0.59). There was no difference between plasmatic renin levels before and after surgery (18.5 vs 16; P = 0.46). In multivariable analysis, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.12; P = 0.03) and body mass index (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03–1.26; P = 0.01) were the only predictors of de novo HTN.ConclusionSurgical treatment of renal tumours is associated with significant changes in BP, with de novo HTN occurring in almost 20% of the patients. These changes are not impacted by the type of surgery (PN vs RN). Patients who are scheduled to undergo kidney cancer surgery should be informed of these findings and have their BP closely monitored after the operation.
Children's self‐evaluation of their prosociality when comparing themselves with a specific versus abstract other
Authors: Levy‐Friedman Bar , Kogut Tehila 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examines the development of children's self‐assessment of their prosociality in normative social comparisons with an average peer, who was either a concrete individual, or an abstract one, at a school of average socioeconomic level in south Israel (N = 148, Age 6–12 years, 51% females; June 2021). Results show that older children exhibited the better‐than‐average (BTA) effect by perceiving themselves as more generous than their average peer. Conversely, younger children exhibited a worse‐than‐average effect, in that they assumed that their peers would act more generously than themselves (). Only the older children (aged 8 years onward) were significantly affected by the concreteness of the target of comparison by exhibiting the BTA effect only when the average peer was abstract (not concrete).