bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performances of artificial intelligence in detecting pathologic myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yue , Wang Jianing , Li Hui , Zhang Jinrong , Liu Jing , Yu Xiaobing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background and objective Pathologic myopia (PM) is a major cause of severe visual impairment and blindness, and current applications of artificial intelligence (AI) have covered the diagnosis and classification of PM. This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the overall performance of AI-based models in detecting PM and related complications.
Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and IEEE Xplore before November 20, 2022, for studies evaluating the performance of AI in the detection of PM based on fundus or optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2). We conducted pooled for the included studies using a random effects model.
Results22 studies were included in thesystematic review,and 14 of them were included in the quantitative analysis. For the detection of PM, the summary area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.99 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97 to 0.99), and the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.95 (95% CI 0.92 to 0.96) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.94 to 0.98), respectively. For the detection of PM-related choroid neovascularization (CNV), the summary AUC was 0.99 (95% CI0.97 to 0.99).
Conclusion Our review demonstrated the excellent performance of current AI algorithms in detecting PM patients based on fundus and OCT images, and AI-assisted automated screening systems are promising for ameliorating increasing demands in clinical settings.
Risk pre-control mechanism of mines based on evidence-based safety management and safety big data
Authors: Wang Jiachuang , Guo Jiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The overexploitation of mineral resources and the heavy use of mineral resources have caused serious environmental damage. The growing problem of mine safety also directly threatens the personal safety of the surrounding population and hinders the development of the local economy. Evidence-based safety eliminates the reliance on intuition and unsystematic aspects of traditional safety management systems by taking into account the actual production situations on site, making safety decision-making activities more scientific. However, there is frequently a lag in the transformation and feedback of evidence information, which obstructs the realization of effective safety decision-making activities. From the perspective of process safety management risk analysis and the transformation of safety big data and safety evidence, this paper proposes a new mine risk pre-control mechanism. First and foremost, based on process safety management, evidence-based safety is successfully applied to mine risk control. Secondly, from the perspective of information transformation, a mine risk pre-control mechanism based on evidence-based safety management and safety big data is established. Finally, taking mine open area monitoring as an example, the application analysis of the mine risk pre-control mode constructed above is carried out. The risk pre-control mechanism proposed in this paper provides a new idea for the practice of mine risk management.
Dynamic Metastable Polymersomes: Towards Continuous Flow Manufacturing
Authors: Wong Chin Ken , Lai Rebecca , Stenzel Martina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Polymersomes are polymeric analogues of liposomes with exceptional physical and chemical properties. Despite being dubbed as next-generation vesicles since their inception nearly three decades ago, polymersomes have yet to experience translation into the clinical or industrial settings. This is due to a lack of reliable methods to upscale production without compromising control over polymersome properties. Herein we report a continuous flow methodology capable of producing near-monodisperse polymersomes at scale (≥3 g/h) with the unprecedented option of performing downstream polymersome manipulation. Unlike conventional polymersomes, our polymersomes exhibit metastability under ambient conditions, persisting for a lifetime of ca. 7 days, during which polymersome growth occurs until a dynamic equilibrium state is reached. We demonstrate how this metastable state is key to the implementation of downstream processes to e.g., manipulate polymersome size and/or shape in the same continuous stream. The methodology operates in a plug-and-play fashion and is applicable to various block copolymers.
Automatic Deep Learning-Based Pleural Effusion Segmentation in Lung Ultrasound Images
Authors: Vukovic Damjan , Wang Andrew , Antico Maria , Steffens Marian , Ruvinov Igor , Sloun Ruud JG van , Canty David , Royse Alistair , Royse Colin , Haji Kavi , Dowling Jason , Chetty Girija , Fontanarosa Davide 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Point-of-care lung ultrasound (LUS) allows real-time patient scanning to help diagnose pleural effusion (PE) and plan further investigation and treatment. LUS typically requires training and experience from the clinician to accurately interpret the images. To address this limitation, we previously demonstrated a deep-learning model capable of detecting the presence of PE on LUS at an accuracy greater than 90%, when compared to an experienced LUS operator. This follow-up study aimed to develop a deep-learning model to provide segmentations for PE in LUS. Three thousand and forty-one LUS images from twenty four patients diagnosed with PE were selected for this study. Two LUS experts provided the ground truth for training by reviewing and segmenting the images. The algorithm was then trained using ten-fold cross-validation. Once training was completed, the algorithm segmented a separate subset of patients. Comparing the segmentations, we demonstrated an average Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of 0.70 between the algorithm and experts. In contrast, an average DSC of 0.61 was observed between the experts. In summary, we showed that the trained algorithm achieved a comparable average DSC at PE segmentation. This represents a promising step toward developing a computational tool for accurately augmenting PE diagnosis and treatment.
Familial bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia due to a new ARMC 5 germline mutation. Clinical status and possible association with other neoplasms.
Authors: Piñar-Gutiérrez Ana , Mangas-Cruz Miguel Ángel , de Lara-Rodríguez Irene , Remón-Ruiz Pablo J. , Can-Sánchez Diego Del , Romero Maria del Castillo Tous , Pumar-López Alfonso 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Mutations in the ARMC5 gene (armadillo repeat containing 5, OMIM 615549), a putative tumor suppression gene, have recently been identified as a common cause of sporadic and familial bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (HAMB). HAMB in familial cases is believed to be determined by two mutations, one germinal and the other somatic, as pointed out by the theory of the 2 hits. We present an affected family with 11 members carrying a new mutation of the ARMC5 gene (NM_001288767.1): c.2162T > C p. (Leu721Pro). Two of the carrier patients developed clinical Cushing Syndrome (CS), two possible autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) and 1 presented with autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS). Four patients suffered from malignant neoplasms. Three of them died from these tumors.
When does Economic Freedom promote Equitable Social Development?
Authors: Merkel Almuth Dorothea , Marktanner Marcus 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Why do some countries successfully combine economic freedom with equitable social development while others do not? We focus on the sectors of health, education, and social safety as drivers of economic freedom with equitable social development. To capture the latter, we create an index of economic freedom and Gini. Yet, identifying the exact role of government in our focus areas is difficult. Necessary data is either not available or comparable. We therefore suggest focusing on revealed relative policy strengths. This approach rests on the assumption that higher per capita incomes, all else equal, allow for better public health, greater human capital, and improved social safety. When two countries have the same income per capita, but one country performs better in any of our three focus sectors, then, we conclude, the better performing country must have a revealed relative policy strength in that sector. Our findings suggest that countries with greater revealed relative policy strengths in public health, social safety, and human capital are more effective in combining market freedom with equitable social development. In fact, we find that it is the revealed relative policy strengths that drive economic freedom with equitable social development, not the other way around.
JEL Classification:
D63 Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
I14 Health and Inequality
I24 Education and Inequality
O15 Human Resources • Human Development • Income Distribution • Migration
Partner Relationships, Hopelessness, and Health Status Strongly Predict Maternal Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Ooba Hikaru , Maki Jota , Tabuchi Takahiro , Masuyama Hisashi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
No recent studies have explicitly focused on predicting the well-being of pregnant women during the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. This study used data from an extensive online survey in Japan to examine predictors of the subjective well-being of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. We developed and validated a machine learning model using data from 400 pregnant women obtained in 2020 to identify three factors that predict subjective well-being. The results confirmed that the model could predict pregnant women's subjective well-being with 84% accuracy. The variables that contributed significantly to this prediction were "partner help," "hopelessness," and "health status." The machine learning model was built again using these three factors, trained and validated using data from 400 pregnant women in 2020, and predicted using data from 1,791 pregnant women in 2021, with an accuracy of 88%. These were also significant risk factors for subjective well-being in regression analysis adjusted for maternal age, region, parity, education level, and presence of mental illness. This model would help identify pregnant women with low subjective well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, and appropriate interventions can then be initiated.
Meaningful subnational reporting on the SDGs: the case of mountain biodiversity protection
Authors: Ly Amina , Geschke Jonas , Snethlage Mark , Stauffer Kerrie , Nussbaumer Jasmine , Schweizer Dominic , Diffenbaugh Noah , Fischer Markus , Urbach Davnah 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Indicators of biodiversity protection at the national level are used to assess progress towards global goals but provide little information at conservation-relevant scales. We provide SDG indicator 15.4.1 on mountain biodiversity protection for individual mountain ranges and further perform an area-based calculation compatible with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. We enable the identification of mountain areas in need of conservation and discuss differences between area- and official site-based indicator values.
Heterofission mechanism for pure organic room temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Sun Qi , Ren Jiajun , Peng Qian , Shuai Zhigang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from pure organic materials in crystalline or film phase has attracted great attentions recently. More and more experimental evidences pointed out that RTP is originated from isomeric dopant, instead of pure compound. The underlying mechanism and molecular design principle are unclear till now. Herein, using quantum chemistry method to compute the excited state structure and optical emission spectra coupled with quantum dynamics simulation, we propose the "heterofission mechanism" for RTP, namely, a singlet excited state is split into two triplets, one stays in the host and another goes to guest (dopant) molecule, satisfying Ehost (S1) ≈ Ehost (T1) + Eguest (T1). Five groups of RTP host and the corresponding dopant guest are taken as example. We find that all the dopants possess low triplet excited state (T1, 1.49-1.74 eV), satisfying the energy condition for heterofission process. The calculated emission spectra from these two triplets overlap well with the experimentally measured broad phosphorescent spectra. The calculated heterofission rate are expected to be at the picosecond timescale. Based on such mechanism, we are able to make prediction for potential host and guest candidates to enrich the family of pure organic RTP.
Clostridium perfringens Sialidase Interaction with Neu5Ac α-Gal Sialic Acid Receptors by In- Silico Observation and Its Impact on Monolayers Cellular Behaviour Structure
Authors: Kurnia Ryan Septa , Silaen Otto Sahat Martua , Harun Vivi Hardianty , Krisnamurti Desak Gede Budi , Indrawati Agustin , Poetri Okti Nadia , Natih Ketut Karuni Nyanakumari , Tarigan Simson , Ibrahim Fera , Sudarmono Pratiwi Pudjilestari , Soebandrio Amin , Nugroho Christian Marco Hadi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Bacterial sialidase hydrolyzes sialic acid receptors, preventing viral infections. Previous study reported Clostridium perfringens sialidase has inhibited viral infection in cell culture and animal models. Since the receptors have not been independently demonstrated, the effects of sialidase on host cells and their behavior are still poorly known. This study aims to evaluate C. perfringens sialidase based antiviral drugs using computational screening and in vitro approach to demonstrate interaction between enzyme-based drugs and ligand in host cells. Insilico study was carried out by molecular docking analysis used to predict the interactions between atoms that occur, followed by genetic characterization of sialidase from wild isolate. Sialidase which has undergone further production and purification processes exposed to chicken embryonic fibroblast cell culture, and observations based structural morphology of cell compared between treated cell and normal cell without treatment. Based on in-silico study shows that C. perfringens sialidase have an excellent binding affinity with Neu5Acα (2.3) Gal ligand receptor with Gibbs energy value (∆G) − 7.35 kcal/mol and Ki value of 4.11 µM. Wild C. perfringens isolate in this study have 99.1–100% similarity of plc gene, NanH, and NanI genes, while NanJ shows 93.18% similarity compared to reference isolate from GenBank. Sialidase at 750 mU and 150 mU may impact on the viability, cell count, and cell behavior structure of fibroblast cells by significance increased the empty area and perimeter of CEF cells, while at 30 mU sialidase shows no significant difference compared with mock control. Sialidase derived C. perfringens has the capacity to compete with viral molecules for attachment to hosts sialic acid based on in-silico analysis. However, sialidase treatment cause an impact on monolayer cell fibroblasts given exposure to high doses.
Simulation and Retrofitting of Mass Exchange Networks in Fertilizer Plants
Authors: Shoaib Abeer M. , Atawia Amr A. , Hassanean Mohamed H. , Bhrana Ahmed A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a simulation technique for optimizing a hydrogen integration network. By applying this technique, the minimum fresh hydrogen consumption can be determined. Quantitative relationship between sources and sinks streams were studied to get the flow rates of coupled source and sink, hydrogen consumption and hydrogen concentration in each stream. The introduced technique was applied on twelve sources and twelve sinks with any purity of hydrogen concentration. The hydrogen integration network was designed through two steps, the first step considers applying the data given in the LINGO program, while the second step considers using the LINGO results in the introduced excel program to obtain the retrofitted hydrogen integration network. The proposed technique was applied on several case studies to achieve the minimum consumption of fresh hydrogen for the obtained hydrogen integrated networks. The introduced model for simulation and retrofitting of mass exchange networks is easy to understand and the results showed that this model is more efficient for fertilizer, petrochemical and refinery plants.
An LGR4 agonist activates the GSK3β pathway to inhibit RANK-RANKL signaling during osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow-derived macrophages
Authors: Jang Yuria , Lee Hyeonjoon , Cho Yongjin , Choi Eunseo , Kim Bosun , Jo Suenghwan , Kim Beom Chang , Ko Young Jong , Lim Wonbong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The binding between receptor-activated nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) and its specific ligand (RANKL) during osteoclast development is an important target for drugs that treat osteoporosis. Recently, the leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) was reported as a negative regulator of RANKL-RANK signaling that suppresses canonical RANK signaling during osteoclast differentiation. Hence, LGR4 agonists may be useful in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and effectively treating osteoporosis. In this study, we used bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and a mouse model of RANKL-induced bone loss to investigate the effect of a RANKL-derived mutant, (MT RANKL), which was previously developed based on the crystal structure of the RANKL complex. In the present study, the binding affinity of wild-type (WT) RANKL and MT RANKL for RANK and LGR4 was determined using microscale thermophoresis analysis, and the effect of the ligands on the AKT-GSK-3β-NFATc1 signaling cascade was investigated using western blotting and confocal microscopy. In addition, the immunopositive expression of LGR4 and the colocalization of LGR4 and MT RANKL were analyzed in a mouse model of RANKL-induced bone loss. The results showed that in osteoclast precursor cells, MT RANKL bound with high affinity to LGR4, decreased AKT phosphorylation, and increased GSK-3β phosphorylation, resulting in the inhibition of NFATc1 nuclear translocation. In the mouse model, MT RANKL upregulated LGR4 expression, colocalized with LGR4, and inhibited bone resorption. These results indicate that MT RANKL, which is derived from RANKL and inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through an LGR4-dependent pathway, may be useful in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Pro-phagocytic function and structural basis of GPR84 signaling
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Wang Yujing , Supekar Shreyas , Cao Xu , Zhou Jingkai , Dang Jessica , Chen Siqi , Jenkins Laura , Marsango Sara , Li Xiu , Liu Guibing , Milligan Graeme , Feng Mingye , Fan Hao , Gong Weimin , Zhang Cheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
GPR84 is a unique orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that can be activated by endogenous medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs). The signaling of GPR84 is largely pro-inflammatory, which can augment inflammatory response, and GPR84 also functions as a pro-phagocytic receptor to enhance the phagocytic activities of macrophages. In this study, we first showed that the activation of GPR84 by the synthetic agonist 6-OAU could synergize with the blockade of CD47 on cancer cells to induce phagocytosis of cancer cells by macrophages. Then, we determined a high-resolution structure of the GPR84-Gi signaling complex with 6-OAU. This structure revealed a completely occluded binding pocket for 6-OAU, the molecular basis of receptor activation involving non-conserved structural motifs of GPR84, and an unusual Gi-coupling interface. Together with computational docking and simulations studies, our structure also suggested the mechanism for the high selectivity of GPR84 for MCFAs and the potential routes of ligand binding and dissociation. Our results provide a framework for understanding GPR84 signaling and developing new drugs targeting GPR84.
Trans-ocular hypertension assessment
Authors: Afsharan Hadi , Anilkumar Vidyalakshmi , Silva Dilusha , Dwivedi Girish , Joo Chulmin , Cense Barry 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Blood vessel walls are made of organized fibrous tissue with intrinsic birefringence. Even in its very early stages, hypertension can change the structure of a blood vessel wall. We showed that this structural change can be quantitatively measured non-invasively in the human retina using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT). Organizational loss in vessel wall tissue was quantified in hypertensive patients and compared to data obtained from age-matched healthy subjects. The wall tissue in patients with hypertension was shown to be thicker, and exhibited lower birefringence, presumably due to a loss of tissue organization. The blood vessel wall birefringence index (BBI) combines vessel wall birefringence and thickness into one number and is introduced here to readily distinguish between blood vessel walls of hypertensive and healthy subjects. Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, BBI showed 99% sensitivity and 100% specificity when discriminating normotensive (N = 11) and hypertensive (N = 11) subjects. Accurately determining the thickness of the blood vessel wall is not possible without polarization-sensitivity. Moreover, just blood vessel wall thickness or wall birefringence were not sufficient to achieve this high classification performance. Retinal vessel wall measurements with PS-OCT cannot be affected by a patient being anxious, by hormones or other blood values, since the measurement is intrinsic to the optical and mechanical properties of the vessel wall. Furthermore, this relatively low-cost system combines a very short imaging and analysis time with high sensitivity and specificity, making it highly suitable for low-cost screening.
Estimation of mercury released into the environment from the uncontrolled dumping of broken medical thermometers in hospitals in Cameroon, Africa
Authors: tetsopgang samuel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The yearly mercury released into the environment from discarded broken thermometers was estimated through questionnaires submitted to medical personnel in two major cities, namely Yaounde and Bertoua, in Cameroon. 83 medical personnel made up of 17 assistant nurses, 56 nurses + midwives and 10 physicians responded to have handled a total of 3216 units of thermometers made up of 85% Hg-added and 15% digital during consultations. 624 units, all Hg-added and making about 19% of thermometers got broken during heath consultations. This breakage led to the average annual disposal of 0.646 Kg of mercury. The mean rates of mercury release from broken thermometers were assessed to 0.056, 0.005 and zero, and 0.009, 0.002 and zero Kg per year, respectively, for assistant nurses, nurses + midwives and physicians in bigger and smaller cities, respectively. Assistant nurses alone disposed of 73%, 27% by nurses + midwives, and none released by physicians for the total of 222.52 Kg of mercury disposed of from broken thermometers by medical personnel in hospitals in Cameroon. Out of the total mercury estimation, 63.71% and 36.21% were disposed of by medical personnel in bigger and smaller cities, respectively. The circumstances of the accidental broken of these mercury-added thermometers will expose medical personnel, patients, and the public to this toxic chemical.