bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience communication mitigates the negative relational effects of topic avoidance: Evidence from parental caregiving and COVID‐19 pandemic contexts
Authors: Lillie Helen M. , Venetis Maria K. , Chernichky‐Karcher Skye 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCommunicating about hardships with close others can be challenging, leading to avoidance of hardship‐related topics. Although typically considered relationally damaging, topic avoidance could serve as a beneficial or neutral strategy when paired with relationally affirming communication. The current research investigates if the resilience communication processes outlined in the communication theory of resilience mitigate the negative relational effects of topic avoidance. Hypotheses are tested in two different contexts: sibling communication during parental caregiving (N = 207) and spousal communication in the first months of the COVID‐19 pandemic (N = 598). The processes of crafting normalcy, communication networks, and productive action were beneficial across contexts. When participants reported higher engagement in these processes, topic avoidance was not significantly related to relationship satisfaction. At lower engagement levels, topic avoidance was negatively related to relationship satisfaction. Nuance between contexts existed. For example, humor moderated the effect of sibling caregiving topic avoidance but not spousal COVID‐19 topic avoidance.
Methylome, transcriptome, and phenotype changes induced by temperature conditions experienced during sexual reproduction in Fragaria vesca
Authors: Zhang Yupeng , Toivainen Tuomas , Mackenzie Kathryn , Yakovlev Igor , Krokene Paal , Hytönen Timo , Grini Paul E. , Fossdal Carl Gunnar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTemperature conditions experienced during embryogenesis and seed development may induce epigenetic changes that increase phenotypic variation in plants. Here we investigate if embryogenesis and seed development at two different temperatures (28 vs. 18°C) result in lasting phenotypic effects and DNA methylation changes in woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca). Using five European ecotypes from Spain (ES12), Iceland (ICE2), Italy (IT4), and Norway (NOR2 and NOR29), we found statistically significant differences between plants from seeds produced at 18 or 28°C in three of four phenotypic features investigated under common garden conditions. This indicates the establishment of a temperature‐induced epigenetic memory‐like response during embryogenesis and seed development. The memory effect was significant in two ecotypes: in NOR2 flowering time, number of growth points and petiole length were affected, and in ES12 number of growth points was affected. This indicates that genetic differences between ecotypes in their epigenetic machinery, or other allelic differences, impact this type of plasticity. We observed statistically significant differences between ecotypes in DNA methylation marks in repetitive elements, pseudogenes, and genic elements. Leaf transcriptomes were also affected by embryonic temperature in an ecotype‐specific manner. Although we observed significant and lasting phenotypic change in at least some ecotypes, there was considerable variation in DNA methylation between individual plants within each temperature treatment. This within‐treatment variability in DNA methylation marks in F. vesca progeny may partly be a result of allelic redistribution from recombination during meiosis and subsequent epigenetic reprogramming during embryogenesis.
Association of Down syndrome with periodontal diseases: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rondón‐Avalo Sara , Rodríguez‐Medina Carolina , Botero Javier Enrique 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDown syndrome (DS) is distinguished by cognitive disability, a concave profile, and systemic complications. Oral diseases have been reported to be common in DS patients.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between DS and periodontal diseases.MethodsTwo independent reviewers searched six bibliographic databases up to January 2023 and used additional search methods to identify published studies on gingivitis or periodontitis in people with and without DS. Meta‐analysis, risk of bias, sensibility analysis, publication bias, and evidence grading were all carried out.ResultsTwenty‐six studies were included for analysis. There was a tendency for increased plaque accumulation, periodontal probing, periodontal attachment level, bleeding on probing and indices in DS individuals. Meta‐analysis of 11 studies showed a significant association between DS and periodontitis (OR 3.93; 95% CI 1.81–8.53). Probing depth was significantly high in individuals with DS as compared to controls (mean difference 0.40 mm; 95% CI 0.09–0.70). Gingivitis was significantly associated (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.09–3.41) with DS in four studies. The evidence was classified as ‘moderate certainty’.ConclusionMedium/low‐quality studies demonstrate that Down syndrome is strongly associated with periodontitis and moderately associated with gingivitis.
A subject advantage in covert dependencies: The case ofwh‐question comprehension in French Sign Language
Authors: Hauser Charlotte , Aristodemo Valentina , Donati Caterina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudies on sentence processing have shown that, as with all A‐bar dependencies, content questions involvingwh movement display a subject advantage. Very little is known, however, aboutwh‐in‐situ questions. The aim of this article is to fill this gap and explore whether a subject advantage can be found inwh‐in‐situ questions. We report the results of a sentence‐to‐picture matching task using in‐situwh questions in French Sign Language. Three adult populations with different ages of exposure to sign language were studied. Results show that comprehension ofwh‐in‐situ questions in French Sign Language does display a subject advantage. We argue that this is relevant for the analysis ofwh in situ, supporting a covert‐movement analysis against alternatives involving some form of (unselective) binding. Moreover, comparison of our three populations shows that delayed exposure to language has an impact on the comprehension ofwh questions, confirming that early language deprivation affects language competence in adulthood.
Patterns and drivers of heat production in the plant genus Amorphophallus
Authors: Claudel Cyrille , Loiseau Oriane , Silvestro Daniele , Lev‐Yadun Simcha , Antonelli Alexandre 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYThermogenesis – the ability to generate metabolic heat – is much more common in animals than in plants, but it has been documented in several plant families, most prominently the Araceae. Metabolic heat is produced in floral organs during the flowering time (anthesis), with the hypothesised primary functions being to increase scent volatilisation for pollinator attraction, and/or to provide a heat reward for invertebrate pollinators. Despite in‐depth studies on the thermogenesis of single species, no attempts have yet been made to examine plant thermogenesis across an entire clade. Here, we apply time‐series clustering algorithms to 119 measurements of the full thermogenic patterns in inflorescences of 80 Amorphophallus species. We infer a new time‐calibrated phylogeny of this genus and use phylogenetic comparative methods to investigate the evolutionary determinants of thermogenesis. We find striking phenotypic variation across the phylogeny, with heat production in multiple clades reaching up to 15°C, and in one case 21.7°C above ambient temperature. Our results show that the thermogenic capacity is phylogenetically conserved and is also associated with inflorescence thickness. Our study paves the way for further investigations of the eco‐evolutionary benefits of thermogenesis in plants.
The role of extracellular vesicles in iron homeostasis and ferroptosis: Focus on musculoskeletal diseases
Authors: Liao Zhiwei , Tong Bide , Ou Zixuan , Wei Junyu , Lei Ming , Yang Cao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIron homeostasis is crucial for maintaining proper cellular function, and its disruption is considered one of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying musculoskeletal diseases. Under conditions of oxidative stress, the accumulation of cellular iron overload and lipid peroxidation can lead to ferroptosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), serving as mediators in the cell‐to‐cell communication, play an important role in regulating the outcome of cell ferroptosis. Growing evidence has proven that EV biogenesis and secretion are tightly associated with cellular iron export. Furthermore, different sources of EVs deliver diverse cargoes to bring about phenotypic changes in the recipient cells, either activating or inhibiting ferroptosis. Thus, delivering therapies targeting ferroptosis through EVs may hold significant potential for treating musculoskeletal diseases. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the role of EVs in iron homeostasis and ferroptosis, as well as their therapeutic applications in musculoskeletal diseases, and thereby provide valuable insights for both research and clinical practice.
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma arising from an ectopic pancreas in a cat
Authors: Cho Hyun , Choi Jihye 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old male neutered Korean shorthair cat presented with chronic vomiting. Radiographically, an oval‐shaped soft tissue abdominal mass caudoventral to the left kidney was detected. On ultrasonography, the hypoechoic mass was well‐defined with thick, irregular, and hyperechoic margins and had no continuity with the pancreas or other adjacent organs. The mass was surgically excised. Areas of atypical pancreatic acinar epithelial cells were identified histopathologically. Postoperative CT demonstrated a normal pancreas in the expected anatomical region. Based on diagnostic imaging, surgical and histopathology findings, the mass was diagnosed as a well‐differentiated pancreatic acinar cell adenocarcinoma arising from ectopic pancreatic tissue.
Perspective: Large Language Models in Applied Mechanics
Authors: Brodnik Neal R. , Carton Samuel , Muir Caelin , Ghosh Satanu , Downey Doug , Echlin McLean P. , Pollock Tresa M. , Daly Samantha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and PaLM, are able to perform sophisticated text comprehension and generation tasks with little or no training. Alongside their broader societal impacts, these capabilities carry great promise for the physical sciences, including applied mechanics. We present a summary of recent developments in these models, their application to mechanics and adjacent fields, and a perspective on their future use in applied mechanics, taking into account their limitations and the unique challenges of the field.
Deposition Temperature Induced Texture and Strengthening of Ti/Ni Multilayer Thin Films
Authors: Yang Zhou , Wang Junlan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Strong thermal effect on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti/Ni multilayer thin films was observed from in situ heating during deposition and subsequent annealing. Films deposited at low-temperature show preferred crystallographic texture for both Ti and Ni layers, with columnar structure extending through the layers. The columnar structure becomes more distinct and complete with the increase of temperature up to 300 °C, and meanwhile, more atomic diffusion and intermixing occur along the Ti/Ni interfaces, promoting the formation of Ti-Ni intermetallic precipitates. High-temperature deposition causes disintegration of the layered structure. Columnar Ti-Ni alloys and further recrystallized alloys were detected with the preferred crystallographic texture. For material strength, an increased hardness trend was observed with increasing deposition temperature even with much larger grain size compared to room temperature case. Furthermore, for multilayer systems deposited under low temperature, post-annealing resulted in higher hardness with minimal microstructure modification, with more strengthening observed in lower deposition temperature case.
Sequential Sampling-Based Asymptotic Probability Estimation of High-Dimensional Rare Events
Authors: Xu Yanwen , Wang Pingfeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Accurate analysis of rare failure events with an affordable computational cost is often challenging in many engineering applications, particularly for problems with high-dimensional system inputs. The extremely low probabilities of occurrence often lead to large probability estimation errors and low computational efficiency. Thus, it is vital to develop advanced probability analysis methods that are capable of providing robust estimations of rare event probabilities with narrow confidence bounds. The general method of determining confidence intervals of an estimator using the central limit theorem faces the critical obstacle of low computational efficiency. This is a side effect of the widely used Monte Carlo method, which often requires a large number of simulation samples to derive a reasonably narrow confidence interval. In this paper, a new probability analysis approach is developed which can be used to derive the estimates of rare event probabilities efficiently with narrow estimation bounds simultaneously for high-dimensional problems and complex engineering systems. The asymptotic behavior of the developed estimator is proven theoretically without imposing strong assumptions. An asymptotic confidence interval is established for the developed estimator. The presented study offers important insights into the robust estimations of the probability of occurrences for rare events. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the developed technique are assessed with numerical and engineering case studies. Case study results have demonstrated that narrow bounds can be obtained efficiently using the developed approach with the true values consistently located within the estimation bounds.
An Aerodynamic Loss Model for Axial Turbine Design
Authors: Li Zhi , Liu Yan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aerodynamic loss models play an important role in the preliminary design of axial turbines. However, prediction accuracy and parameter sensitivity of traditional models being used for decades are problematic. Thus, this paper proposed a new loss model for predicting turbine aerodynamic performance at the design point. In order to construct the model, 228 turbine cascades for calibration were designed and evaluated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Based on massive CFD data, correlation of parameters and loss coefficients were investigated. Finally, new loss model expressions were built. The accuracy of the proposed novel model was verified by CFD for nine turbines including 15 stages. Numerical results show that the average efficiency deviation for the new model is 0.48% for stages and 0.009 for entropy loss coefficient of the blade rows. Compared with the Craig and Cox model and Kacker and Okapuu model, the presented new model performs better in predicting aerodynamic loss, especially in predicting the effect of parameters on the losses.
An adenoviral-vectored vaccine confers seroprotection against capsular group B meningococcal disease
Authors: Dold Christina , Marsay Leanne , Wang Nelson , Silva-Reyes Laura , Clutterbuck Elizabeth , Paterson Gavin K. , Sharkey Kelsey , Wyllie David , Beernink Peter T. , Hill Adrian V. , Pollard Andrew J. , Rollier Christine S. 
Published: June 2023

Adenoviral-vectored vaccines are licensed for prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Ebola virus, but, for bacterial proteins, expression in a eukaryotic cell may affect the antigen’s localization and conformation or lead to unwanted glycosylation. Here, we investigated the potential use of an adenoviral-vectored vaccine platform for capsular group B meningococcus (MenB). Vector-based candidate vaccines expressing MenB antigen factor H binding protein (fHbp) were generated, and immunogenicity was assessed in mouse models, including the functional antibody response by serum bactericidal assay (SBA) using human complement. All adenovirus-based vaccine candidates induced high antigen-specific antibody and T cell responses. A single dose induced functional serum bactericidal responses with titers superior or equal to those induced by two doses of protein-based comparators, as well as longer persistence and a similar breadth. The fHbp transgene was further optimized for human use by incorporating a mutation abrogating binding to the human complement inhibitor factor H. The resulting vaccine candidate induced high and persistent SBA responses in transgenic mice expressing human factor H. The optimized transgene was inserted into the clinically relevant ChAdOx1 backbone, and this vaccine has now progressed to clinical development. The results of this preclinical vaccine development study underline the potential of vaccines based on genetic material to induce functional antibody responses against bacterial outer membrane proteins.
Anaerobic phloroglucinol degradation by
Clostridium scatologenes
Authors: Zhou Yan , Wei Yifeng , Jiang Li , Jiao Xinan , Zhang Yan 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Polyphenols are abundant in nature, and their anaerobic biodegradation by gut and soil bacteria is a topic of great interest. The O
2
requirement of phenol oxidases is thought to explain the microbial inertness of phenolic compounds in anoxic environments, such as peatlands, termed the enzyme latch hypothesis. A caveat of this model is that certain phenols are known to be degraded by strict anaerobic bacteria, although the biochemical basis for this process is incompletely understood. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of a gene cluster in the environmental bacterium
Clostridium scatologenes
for the degradation phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene), a key intermediate in the anaerobic degradation of flavonoids and tannins, which constitute the most abundant polyphenols in nature. The gene cluster encodes the key C-C cleavage enzyme dihydrophloroglucinol cyclohydrolase, as well as (
S
)-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-hexanoate dehydrogenase and triacetate acetoacetate-lyase, which enable phloroglucinol to be utilized as a carbon and energy source. Bioinformatics studies revealed the presence of this gene cluster in phylogenetically and metabolically diverse gut and environmental bacteria, with potential impacts on human health and carbon preservation in peat soils and other anaerobic environmental niches.

IMPORTANCE
This study provides novel insights into the microbiota’s anaerobic metabolism of phloroglucinol, a critical intermediate in the degradation of polyphenols in plants. Elucidation of this anaerobic pathway reveals enzymatic mechanisms for the degradation of phloroglucinol into short-chain fatty acids and acetyl-CoA, which are used as a carbon and energy source for bacterium growth. Bioinformatics studies suggested the prevalence of this pathway in phylogenetically and metabolically diverse gut and environmental bacteria, with potential impacts on carbon preservation in peat soils and human gut health.
Understanding factors influencing the use of clinical guidelines in low-income and middle-income settings: a scoping review
Authors: Orangi Stacey , Orangi Tiffany , Kabubei Kenneth Munge , Honda Ayako 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveA scoping review was undertaken to determine the extent to which existing studies have examined factors influencing healthcare providers’ use of clinical guidelines in low and middle-income country (LMIC) settings and determine which factors constrain or facilitate the use of clinical guidelines by healthcare providers.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesThe literature search was conducted using PubMed in January 2021.Eligibility criteriaWe identified empirical studies, published between 2011–2021 in English, which included clinicians and/or nurses as healthcare providers, used a health facility as the study site, and were located in an LMIC.Data extraction and synthesisInformation extracted from the literature review was organised using themes and the findings synthesised using thematic analysis.ResultsThe review identified five types of interacting factors that influence healthcare providers’ use of and compliance with clinical guidelines. The factors identified are organisational factors, factors relating to individual healthcare providers, attributes of the clinical guidelines, patient-related factors and institutional factors. Organisational factors can be further divided into the physical work environment, organisational culture and working conditions. The effective use of clinical guidelines in LMIC settings is greatly impacted by the contextualisation of clinical guidelines, end-user engagement and alignment of the implementation of clinical guidelines with the institutional arrangements in the broader health system.ConclusionThe development and evaluation of concrete interventions is vital to facilitate the implementation of clinical guidelines and improve healthcare service quality. Further studies are necessary to examine the relative importance of the five identified factors on the effective use of clinical guidelines in different contexts.
Reporting and data-sharing level of acupuncture randomised controlled trials: a cross-sectional study protocol
Authors: Duan Yuting , Xu Zhirui , Li Xinyu , Zhao Pinge , Wu Shengwei , Chen Zewei , Guo Jiewen , Zhou Yiye , Tang Chunzhi , Yu Lin 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) play an important role in evidence-based medicine. However, an article with low reporting quality may mislead both experts and the general public into an erroneous decision. Data sharing can contribute to the truthfulness and transparency of trials. Acupuncture RCTs have been increasing rapidly these years, but the reporting quality and data-sharing level of acupuncture RCTs are not clear. Thus, this study will provide the current status of the reporting quality and data-sharing level of acupuncture RCTs.Methods and analysisA cross-sectional study will be conducted. The seven databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang Database and VIP will be searched between 1 January 2012 and 15 October 2022 to identify acupuncture RCTs. The basic characteristics of included trials will be summarised. The reporting quality for included RCTs will be assessed by the Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials 2010 statement and the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture. The data-sharing level will be assessed by open science practices.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this study. This protocol has been registered in Open Science Framework Registries. The findings of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed academic journal.