bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Genetic Diversity of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) Accessions in Eastern Region of Kenya Using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Markers
Authors: Kidaha Mercy Liharaka , Mbathi Cornelius Wainana , Wanzala Fredah Rimberia 
Published: July 2023

There is scanty information on tamarind’s genetic diversity in Easter Kenya. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of 64 tamarind accessions from Eastern Kenya using 12 Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. DNA was extracted from the young apical leaves using modified CTAB method and amplified using standard PCR. The data collected were scored as presence (1) or absence (0) of bands then compared to the 100bp ladder and analyzed using GeneAlex and R softwares. Only seven primers produced reproducible bands. A total of 46 alleles were produced for the 7 loci with an average of 6.6 per loci. Polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.72 to 0.89 and genetic diversity varied from 0.74 to 0.9. The ISSR markers revealed effective polymorphism of 40.87 to 99.46% and the band sizes varied from 100 to 1000 bp. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) depicted high variation within the tamarind populations at 90% and the least variation of 10% among the population. The first 3 components of Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) contributed 40.83% of the total variation. Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped the tamarind accessions into seven major distinct groups. Tamarind accessions were different within counties with minimal variations among counties, proving that genetic diversity exists among the tamarind accessions in the Eastern region of Kenya. High genetic diversity was evident among Embu accessions and least among Masinga accessions. Diversity in tamarind can be utilized in marker-assisted breeding and primer ISSR17899A and ISSRHB11 can be explored in studying genes that code for various traits in tamarind accessions.
Comparative Overview of Performance of the Dryers with a Conventional Method of Drying i.e., Open Sun Drying
Authors: Yadav Rohit Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Since ancient times, conventional techniques of food drying, such as sun drying, have been used. Currently, drying methods have been developed with the latest technology to reduce the damages caused by biochemical changes, which decrease nutritional value during the drying process. Some of the typical drying methods used for food products are sun drying, solar tunnel dryer, cabinet-type solar drying, etc. While this is going on, cutting-edge technology is being created to combine several drying techniques to produce the optimum outcomes. The most recent drying techniques used in food processing technology will be covered in this study.
Effect of Different Levels of Organic Manures on Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil under Cowpea Crop in an Inceptisol of Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Meena Arpana Kumari , Swaroop Narendra , Thomas Tarance , Singh Anurag Kumar 
Published: July 2023

An experiment was conducted on “Effect of different levels of organic manures on physico-chemical properties of soil under cowpea crop in an inceptisol of Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India” to observe the combined effect of farmyard manure, Vermi Compost and Neem Cake on soil health and yield. The result showed that the application of FYM, Vermi Compost and Neem Cake had a significant and non-significant effect on soil Physico-chemical properties, respectively. The maximum bulk density (1.32 Mg m-3 and 1.35 Mg m-3 ), particle density (2.46 Mg m-3 and 2.48 Mg m-3 ), pH (7.47 and 7.49) and EC (0.251 dS m-1 and 0.248 dS m-1 ) were recorded in T1(absolute control) at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth. Similarly, the maximum percentage pore space (48.92 % and 45.47 %), water holding capacity (43.96 % and 40.38 %), organic Carbon (0.49 % and 0.47 %), Available Nitrogen ( 301.14 kg ha-1 and 294.97 kg ha-1), Available Phosphorus (30.96 kg ha-1 and 27.50 kg ha-1), Available Potassium (196.58 kg ha-1and 188.41 kg ha-1) were recorded in T9 treatment.
A Comprehensive Assessment of Interventions in Women Cervical Cancer Screening in South Sudan
Authors: Mwanje Jolem 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The substantial impact of cervical cancer, particularly in low-resource environments like South Sudan, underscores the urgent need for preventive solutions, as access remains sparse. Contemporary treatment options while accessible, bring about severe side effects without greatly extending disease-free survival, emphasizing the importance of preventive screening, especially for adult women. The glaring absence of screening leads to women potentially suffering from progressed cervical cancer, a grim reality in South Sudan that contributes to around 12% of the female disease burden. Consequently, it is vital to examine the reach, associated elements, and health system initiatives aimed at cervical cancer screening in this region. This study intended to conduct an in-depth analysis of South Sudan's health system with a focus on understanding and evaluating the current interventions in place for cervical cancer screening among women.
Methods: The research was based on a community-oriented cross-sectional survey aimed at evaluating cervical cancer screening habits among women of childbearing age in five South Sudanese counties. The participants were women aged 26-65 years, with 575 samples in total. A four-stage random sampling procedure was followed in each stratum, focusing on half the Payams per county. Structured interviews were utilized for primary data collection, supplemented by key informant discussions for qualitative data. Descriptive statistics and log-binomial regression models were used for data analysis. The study was conducted in Torit, Magwi, Terekeka, Raja, and Aweil North, targeting women of reproductive age due to their HPV infection risk.
Results: The study found that only 11.5% of women in South Sudan had been screened for cervical cancer. Factors associated with cervical cancer screening rates included women who reported shorter waiting times for medical services (aPR=3.47 [CI=1.69-7.14]), received HPV vaccination (aPR=4.71 [CI=3.04-7.31]), kind and caring health workers (aPR=3.35 [CI=1.47-7.63]), and integrated cervical screening facilities (aPR=2.28 [CI=1.45-3.60]) had higher screening rates. However, the study found little evidence of community or institutional interventions aimed at increasing cervical cancer screening rates.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, cervical cancer screening coverage for women in South Sudan is very low, at only 11.5%. However, certain factors were found to be associated with higher screening prevalence, including shorter wait times, caring and kind health workers, and integrated screening facilities were also associated with higher screening prevalence. It is concerning that there were virtually no interventions at the institutional level to increase screening rates. These findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to improve access to screening services and strengthen health systems to increase cervical cancer screening coverage in South Sudan.
Multimorbidity Patterns and Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Outcomes: Findings From a Multicenter, Prospective Cohort
Authors: Dutt Sarah , Roul Punyasha , Yang Yangyuna , Johnson Tate M. , Michaud Kaleb , Sauer Brian , Cannon Grant W. , Baker Joshua F. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Mikuls Ted R. , England Bryant R. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTo determine whether unique multimorbidity patterns are associated with long‐term rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease severity.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study within the Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis registry. We applied previously derived multimorbidity patterns based on the presence of diagnostic codes for relevant conditions prior to enrollment using linked administrative data. Disease activity and functional status were assessed longitudinally up to 5 years after enrollment. The association of multimorbidity patterns with disease activity and functional status were assessed using generalized estimating equations models adjusting for relevant confounders.ResultsWe studied 2,956 participants, of which 88.2% were male, 76.9% reported white race, and 79.3% had a smoking history. Mental health and substance abuse (β 0.12 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.00, 0.23]), cardiovascular (β 0.25 [95% CI 0.12, 0.38]), and chronic pain (β 0.21 [95% CI 0.11, 0.31]) multimorbidity were associated with higher Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) scores. Mental health and substance abuse (β 0.09 [0.03, 0.15]), cardiovascular (β 0.11 [95% CI 0.04, 0.17]), and chronic pain multimorbidity (β 0.15 [95% CI 0.10, 0.20]) were also associated with higher Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) scores. The metabolic pattern of multimorbidity was not associated with DAS28 or MDHAQ. The number of multimorbidity patterns present was highly associated with DAS28 and MDHAQ (P trend < 0.001), and patients with all four multimorbidity patterns had the highest DAS28 (β 0.59 [95% CI 0.36, 0.83]) and MDHAQ (β 0.27 [95% CI 0.16, 0.39]) scores.ConclusionMental health and substance abuse, chronic pain, and cardiovascular multimorbidity patterns are associated with increased RA disease activity and poorer functional status. Identifying and addressing these multimorbidity patterns may facilitate achieving RA treatment targets.
Water Activation in Solar‐Powered Vapor Generation
Authors: Wei Dan , Wang Chengbing , Zhang Jing , Zhao Heng , Asakura Yusuke , Eguchi Miharu , Xu Xingtao , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSolar‐powered vapor evaporation (SVG), based on the liquid‐gas phase conversion concept using solar energy, has been given close attention as a promising technology to address the global water shortage. At molecular level, water molecules escaping from liquid water should overcome the attraction of the molecules on the liquid surface layer to evaporate. For this reason, it is better to reduce the energy required for evaporation by breaking a smaller number of hydrogen bonds or forming weak hydrogen bonds to ensure efficient and convenient vapor production. Many novel evaporator materials and effective water activation strategies have been proposed to stimulate rapid steam production and surpass the theoretical thermal limit. However, an in‐depth understanding of the phase/enthalpy change process of water evaporation is unclear. In this review, a summary of theoretical analyses of vaporization enthalpy, general calculations, and characterization methods is provided. Various water activation mechanisms are also outlined to reduce evaporation enthalpy in evaporators. Moreover, unsolved issues associated with water activation are critically discussed to provide a direction for future research. Meanwhile, significant pioneering developments made in SVG are highlighted, hoping to provide a relatively entire chain for more scholars who are just stepping into this field.
In Situ Filler Addition for Homogeneous Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Multi Jet Fusion–Printed Elastomer Composites
Authors: Chen Jiayao , An Ran , Tey Wei Shian , Zeng Qingyun , Zhao Lihua , Zhou Kun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe dispersibility of fillers determines their effect on the mechanical properties and anisotropy of the 3D‐printed polymeric composites. Nanoscale fillers have the tendency to aggregate, resulting in the deterioration of part performance. An in situ filler addition method using the newly developed dual‐functional toughness agents (TAs) is proposed in this work for the homogeneous dispersion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in elastomer composites printed via multi jet fusion. The CNTs added in the TAs serve as an infrared absorbing colorant for selective powder fusion, as well as the strengthening and toughening fillers. The printability of the TA is theoretically deduced based on the measured physical properties, which are subsequently verified experimentally. The printing parameters and agent formulation are optimized to maximize the mechanical performance of the printed parts. The printed elastomer parts show significant improvement in strength and toughness for all printing orientations and alleviation of the mechanical anisotropy originating from the layer‐wise fabrication manner. This in situ filler addition method using tailorable TAs is applicable for fabricating parts with site‐specific mechanical properties and is promising in assisting the scalable manufacturing of 3D‐printed elastomers.
Psychological resilience and cortisol levels in adults: A systematic review
Authors: Aizpurua‐Perez Ibane , Arregi Amaia , Labaka Ainitze , Martinez‐Villar Arian , Perez‐Tejada Joana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResilience or the capacity to “bend but not break” refers to the ability to maintain or regain psychobiological equilibrium during or after exposure to stressful life events. Specifically, resilience has been proposed as a potential resource for staving off pathological states that often emerge after exposure to repeated stress and that are related to alterations in circulating cortisol.The aim of this systematic review of the literature was to gather evidence related to the relationship between psychological resilience and cortisol levels in adult humans.An extensive systematic search was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) method in the PubMed and Web of Science databases. In total, 1256 articles were identified and, of these, 35 peer‐reviewed articles were included in the systematic review.We categorized findings according to (1) the short and long‐term secretion period covered by the cortisol matrices selected by studies and also according to (2) the differentiated diurnal, phasic (acute), and tonic (basal) components of the HPA output to which they refer and their relationships with resilience. Reported relationships between psychological resilience and distinct cortisol output parameters varied widely across studies, finding positive, negative, and null associations between the two variables. Notably, several of the studies that found no relationship between resilience and cortisol used a single morning saliva or plasma sample as their assessment of HPA axis activity.Despite limitations such as the great variability of the instruments and methods used by the studies to measure both resilience and cortisol, together with their high heterogeneity and small sample sizes, the evidence found in this systematic review points to the potential of resilience as a modifiable key factor to modulate the physiological response to stress. Therefore, further exploration of the interaction between the two variables is necessary for the eventual development of future interventions aimed at promoting resilience as an essential component of health prevention.
Long‐term blood pressure patterns in midlife and dementia in later life: Findings from the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Kim Hyun , Ang Ting Fang Alvin , Thomas Robert J. , Lyons Michael J. , Au Rhoda 
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONLong‐term blood pressure (BP) measures, such as visit‐to‐visit BP variability (BPV) and cumulative BP, are strong indicators of cardiovascular risks. This study modeled up to 20 years of BP patterns representative of midlife by using BPV and cumulative BP, then examined their associations with development of dementia in later life.METHODSFor 3201 individuals from the Framingham Heart Study, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between long‐term BP patterns during midlife and the development of dementia (ages ≥ 65).RESULTSAfter adjusting for covariates, every quartile increase in midlife cumulative BP was associated with a sequential increase in the risk of developing dementia (e.g., highest quartile of cumulative systolic blood pressure had approximately 2.5‐fold increased risk of all‐cause dementia). BPV was not significantly associated with dementia.DISCUSSIONFindings suggest that cumulative BP over the course of midlife predicts risk of dementia in later life.HIGHLIGHTSLong‐term blood pressure (BP) patterns are strong indicators of vascular risks.Cumulative BP and BP variability (BPV) were used to reflect BP patterns across midlife.High cumulative BP in midlife is associated with increased dementia risk.Visit‐to‐visit BPV was not associated with the onset of dementia.
Determination of mechanical and damping properties of hazelnut shell powder reinforced biocomposites by ultrasonic method
Authors: Oral Imran , Kocaman Suheyla , Cerit Alaaddin , Ahmetli Gulnare 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research was carried out to figure out the effect of chemical treatments of hazelnut shell powders (HSPs) on the elastic properties, ultrasonic wave velocities, and damping properties of bio‐based epoxy resin (BER) biocomposites. Natural hazelnut shells (HSs) were chemically treated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and acetic anhydride (AA). Then, HSs that were chemically treated with NaOH and AA, and HSs that were not subjected to chemical treatment were ground to obtain HSPs. The treated HSPs (HSP‐NaOH and HSP‐AA), and untreated HSPs were contributed to the neat BER in varied compositions such as 10–50 wt% to obtain the BER/HSP, BER/HSP‐NaOH, and BER/HSP‐AA biocomposites. The effect of untreated, and treated HSP ratios on the density, ultrasonic wave velocities, Young's modulus, Bulk modulus, Shear modulus, Poisson ratio, microhardness, and damping characteristics (attenuation coefficient, loss tangent and quality factor) of the novel HSP‐based biocomposites, was investigated by the ultrasonic pulse‐echo overlap method (PEOM). A significant increase in the density, ultrasonic wave velocities, and elastic modulus values of the biocomposites was seen compared to the neat BER. Based on the obtained elastic modulus values, the most appropriate combination ratio between the neat BER, and HSP‐NaOH was determined as 50:50.
Mean field games of energy storage devices: A finite difference analysis
Authors: Liu Fengao , Yu Mei , Wei Bo , Xiao Feng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper considers a mean field game of energy storage devices (ESDs) in power systems, where electrovalency is affected by the storage population. The competition processes of ESDs are characterized by a pair of coupled partial differential equations (PDEs). The so‐called mean field equilibrium (MFE) is obtained by resolving the PDEs. The resulting MFE strategy is then broadcast to all local controllers in order to independently determine a control input for each device. Since PDEs are difficult to be explicitly calculated, a pair of difference schemes are designed for approximating the exact solutions of the PDEs. Then the sufficient condition of stability is analyzed. Based on the proposed difference schemes, a difference iterative scheme is designed for numerically calculating the MFE. Some simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed iterative schemes.
N,P‐co‐doped 2D Carbon Nanosheets for High Energy Density Zinc‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Gao Yanshen , Holze Rudolf , Li Shiyun , Mijowska Ewa , Chen Xuecheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractZinc‐ion capacitors (ZICs) are regarded as highly promising candidates for electrical energy storage systems (EESs). However, some challenges must be met to achieve high energy density and long cycling life in practical applications. Herein, we report on design and preparation of 2D nanosheets of N,P‐co‐doped hierarchical porous carbon (GNPCs) by a one‐step process. Benefitting from the mesopores supporting rapid diffusive ion transport, sufficient micropores for charge storage, and high electrical conductivity enabled by N,P‐doping, the resulting GNPC cathodes for ZICs achieved a high capacity of 401 F g−1. In a complete device a high energy density of 180 Wh kg−1 was obtained at a power density of 85 W kg−1 at 0.1 A g−1. More importantly, the ZICs exhibit a good cycling stability with a capacity retention of 95 % after 10 000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g−1. Our work presents a good strategy for developing high‐performance carbon‐based cathodes for ZICs.
Ultrasound‐targeted microbubble destruction mediates PDE5i/NO integration for cavernosum remodeling and penile rehabilitation
Authors: Yang Wende , Qiu Chen , Zhai Jiancheng , Zhang Wei , Huang Chengwu , Shao Jun , Zhang Jingke , Chen Shigao , Miao Xiaoyan , Chen Peng , Wei Bo , Ren Jie , Wei Hongbo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractErectile dysfunction (ED) caused by cavernous nerve injury (CNI) is refractory to heal mainly ascribed to the adverse remodeling of the penis induced by ineffectual microvascular perfusion, fibrosis, and neurotrophins scarcity in cavernosum. Phosphodiesterase type V inhibitors (PDE5i) have been regarded as an alternative candidate drug for avoiding penile neuropathy. However, the therapeutic efficacy is severely limited due to poor accumulation under systemic medication and endogenous nitric oxide (NO) deficiency in cavernosum. Herein, an innovative liposomal microbubble (MB) loaded with both Sildenafil (one of PDE5i) and NO was designed. Ultrasound‐targeted MB destruction (UTMD)‐mediated efficient release and integration erectogenic agents into corpus cavernosum with high biosafety. On a bilateral CNI rat model, the multifunctional MB‐cooperated UTMD improved microvascular perfusion in penis, simultaneously, alleviated hypoxia and oxidative stress, indicating successful activation of NO–cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway. Also, evaluation of the endothelial/muscular composition, intracavernosal pressure, and neural integrity in the penis proved that coordinated intervention reversed the abnormal structural remodeling and promoted the recovery of functional erection. Our work demonstrates that MB loading Sildenafil and NO combined with UTMD hold great promise to “awaken” the efficacy of PDE5i in neurogenic ED, which provided a superior option for ensuring penile rehabilitation.
A case report: The first show phenomenon in the treatment of spinal cord injury with Regentime procedure using autologous bone marrow‐derived stem cells
Authors: Boulos Rita T. , Nemer Lea I. , Mansour Vanessa J. , Najjoum Cynthia F. , Asmar Elsa A. , Abi Chahine Nassim H. 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessagePromising outcomes are shown in this case report using the Regentime procedure and autologous stem cells to treat spinal cord injury. The observed “First Show Phenomenon” provides valuable insights into the therapy's potential for spinal cord injury.AbstractThis case report demonstrates “the first show phenomenon” following Regentime stem cell therapy applied to a spinal cord injury patient. A 40‐year‐old gentleman sustained a ballistic injury at the level of T9, resulting in complete bilateral motor and sensory loss from T9 and below. He was treated with autologous bone marrow‐derived mononuclear stem cells injected into his spinal canal 2.5 years after his injury. Follow‐up during the first‐week posttransplantation showed early symptom improvement termed “the first show phenomenon.” He regained sensation to light touch in his lower limbs by the end of week 1 and reported no serious implications or complications.
Anesthetic management for inhibiting sympathetic activation in an adolescent patient diagnosed with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and undergoing left cardiac sympathetic denervation: A case report
Authors: Kwak Kyung‐Hwa , Do Young‐Woo , Yu Taeyoung , Oh Jinyoung , Byun Sung‐Hye 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageCatecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a genetic disorder in which catecholamine release during exercise or emotional stress cause fatal tachyarrhythmias. In this paper, we discuss methods to minimize the sympathetic stimulation that can occur during the perioperative period in patients undergoing left cardiac sympathetic denervation to surgically treat CPVT.