bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Complex Flow Patterns in Patients With Carotid Webs, Patients With Carotid Atherosclerosis, and Healthy Subjects Using 4D Flow MRI
Authors: El Sayed Retta , Park Charlie C. , Shah Zahraw , Nahab Fadi B. , Haussen Diogo C. , Allen Jason W. , Oshinski John N. 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundCarotid webs (CaWs) are fibromuscular projections in the internal carotid artery (ICA) that cause mild luminal narrowing (<50%), but may be causative in up to one‐third of seemingly cryptogenic strokes. Understanding hemodynamic alterations caused by CaWs is imperative to assessing stroke risk. Time‐Average Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) and Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) are hemodynamic parameters linked to vascular dysfunction and thrombosis.PurposeTo test the hypothesis: “CaWs are associated with lower TAWSS and higher OSI than mild atherosclerosis or healthy carotid bifurcation.”Study TypeProspective study.PopulationA total of 35 subjects (N = 14 bifurcations with CaW, 11F, age: 49 ± 10, 10 mild atherosclerosis 6F, age: 72 ± 9, 11 healthy 9F, age: 42 ± 13).Field Strength/Sequence4D flow/STAR‐MATCH/3D TOF/3T MRI, CTA.Assessment4D Flow velocity data were analyzed in two ways: 1) 3D ROI in the ICA bulbar segment (complex flow patterns are expected) was used to quantify the regions with low TAWSS and high OSI. 2) 2D planes were placed perpendicular to the centerline of the carotid bifurcation for detailed analysis of TAWSS and OSI.Statistical TestsIndependent‐samples Kruskal–Wallis‐H test with 0.05 used for statistical significance.ResultsThe percent surface area where low TAWSS was present in the ICA bulb was 12.3 ± 8.0% (95% CI: 7.6–16.9) in CaW subjects, 1.6 ± 1.9% (95% CI: 0.2–2.9) in atherosclerosis, and 8.5 ± 7.7% (95% CI: 3.6–13.4) in healthy subjects, all differences were statistically significant (ƞ2 = 0.3 [95% CI: 0.05–0.5], P‐value CaW vs. healthy = 0.2). OSI had similar values in the CCA between groups (ƞ2 = 0.07 [95% CI: 0.0–0.2], P‐value = 0.5), but OSI was significantly higher downstream of the bifurcation in CaW subjects compared to atherosclerosis and normal subjects. OSI returned to similar values between groups 1.5 diameters distal to the bifurcation (ƞ2 = 0.03 [95% CI: 0.0–0.2], P‐value = 0.7).ConclusionLower TAWSS and higher OSI are present in the ICA bulb in patients with CaW when compared to patients with atherosclerotic or healthy subjects.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Risk of cytomegalovirus diseases among coronavirus disease survivors: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Bin , Tsai Ya‐Wen , Wu Jheng‐Yan , Liu Ting‐Hui , Chuang Min‐Hsiang , Hsu Wan‐Hsuan , Huang Po‐Yu , Lai Chih‐Cheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study was aimed at investigating the risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) survivors. In this retrospective cohort study, we used the TriNetX research network to identify adults with and without COVID‐19 between January 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022. Propensity score matching was used to match the patients with and without COVID‐19. The primary outcome was the risk of CMV disease during the 90‐day follow‐up period. Two matched cohorts comprising 2 501 634 patients with balanced baseline characteristics were created using propensity score matching. During the follow‐up period, patients with COVID‐19 had a higher risk of CMV disease than those without COVID‐19 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.55; 95% confidence interval: 2.01–3.23). The higher risk of CMV disease in the COVID‐19 cohort compared with that of the non‐COVID‐19 cohort remained unchanged in the subgroup analyses by sex (men: HR, 1.85 [1.38–2.47]; women: HR, 2.31 [1.63–3.27]), age (18–64 years: HR, 2.21 [1.71–2.85]; ≥65 years: HR, 1.97 [1.20–3.25]), obesity (HR, 1.54 [1.04–2.30]), diabetes mellitus (HR, 1.50 [1.08–2.08]), cancer (HR, 3.10 [1.95–4.92]), glucocorticoid use (HR, 3.14 [2.45–4.02]), transplantation (HR, 1.38 [1.08–1.77]), and unvaccinated status (HR, 2.37 [1.82–3.08]). In conclusion, COVID‐19 can increase the risk of CMV disease. Clinicians should be aware of the risk of CMV disease in patients with COVID‐19.
Periodontal disease and risk of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Leelaviwat Natnicha , Kewcharoen Jakrin , Poomprakobsri Kiddee , Trongtorsak Angkawipa , Del Rio‐Pertuz Gaspar , Abdelnabi Mahmoud , Benjanuwattra Juthipong , Navaravong Leenhapong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe conducted a study to evaluate the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) in periodontal disease (PD) patients.MethodsCohort studies that evaluate the risk of AF or AFL in PD patients were included. The risk was expressed in the pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of four cohort studies were included. We found that patients with PD have a significantly higher risk of AF/AFL compared to those without PD with the pooled OR of 1.33 (95% CI 1.29–1.38; p = 0.357, I2 = 3.0%).ConclusionsPD increases the risk of AF and AFL.
Effect of substrate composition on physicochemical properties of the medium–long–medium structured triacylglycerol
Authors: Tian Yunong , Zhou Yanhui , Li Lu , Huang Chuanqing , Lin Lin , Li Changzhu , Ye Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDNutritional and functional qualities and applications of structured lipids (SL) depend on the composition and molecular structure of fatty acids in the glycerol backbone of triacylglycerol (TAG). However, the relationship between the substrate composition and physicochemical qualities of SL has not been revealed. The investigation aims to disclose the effect of substrate composition on the physicochemical properties of medium–long–medium structured lipids (MLM‐SLs) by enzymatic interesterification of Lipozyme TLIM/RMIM.RESULTSThe medium–long‐chain triacylglycerol (MLCT) yield could reach 70.32%, including 28.98% CaLCa (1,3‐dioctonyl‐2‐linoleoyl glyceride) and 24.34% CaOCa (1,3‐didecanoyl‐2‐oleoyl glyceride). The sn‐2 unsaturated fatty acid composition mainly depended on long‐chain triacylglycerol (LCT) in the substrate. The increased carbon chain length and double bond in triacylglycerol decreased its melting and crystallization temperature. The balanced substrate composition of MCT/LCT increased the size and finer crystals. Molecular docking simulation revealed that the MLCT molecule mainly interacted with the catalytic triplets of Lipozyme TLIM (Arg81–Ser83–Arg84) and the Lipozyme RMIM (Tyr183–Thr226–Arg262) by OH bond. The oxygen atom of the ester on the MLCT molecule was primarily bound to the hydrogen of hydroxyl and amino groups on the binding sites of Lipozyme TLIM/RMIM. The intermolecular interplay between MLCT and Lipozyme RMIM is more stable than Lipozyme TLIM due to the formation of lower binding affinity energy.CONCLUSIONThis research clarifies the interaction mechanism between MLCT molecules and lipases, and provides an in‐depth understanding of the relationship between substrate composition, molecular structure and physicochemical property of MLM‐SLs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The size effect of typical micro‐ and nano‐calcium carbonate additives on the friction properties of calcium sulfonate grease
Authors: Sun Longqi , Zhao Qin , Ma Rui , Su Huaigang , Zhao Gaiqing , Wang Xiaobo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper firstly reports the size effect of typical micro‐ and nano‐ calcium carbonate additives on the friction properties of calcium sulfonate grease. The rheological and tribological performance of calcium sulfonate grease with typical micro‐ and nano‐ calcium carbonate additives were investigated at 30 or 80°C by Rheometer and Optimol SRV‐V tester. To its surprise, calcium sulfonate grease with 5% calcium carbonate microparticles behave remarkable lubrication performance than calcium sulfonate grease with 5% calcium carbonate nanoparticles under boundary lubrication condition according to the rheological analysis and tribological evaluation. The enhancement in excellence tribological performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect between calcium carbonate microparticles and calcium carbonate in thickener of calcium sulfonate grease. The thin film composed of CaCO3 and CaO on the worn surface generated by solid particles is conducive to reducing friction and wear.
A small, polyphyletic group of Firmicutes synthesizes trimethylamine from l‐carnitine
Authors: Vital Marius , Heinrich‐Sanchez Ylenia 
Published: September 2023

Impact statementGut microbiota‐derived trimethylamine (TMA) is associated with cardiometabolic disorders and exemplifies a microbial involvement in the etiology of emerging, noncommunicable diseases, the leading causes of death worldwide. Three biochemical pathways taking dietary compounds as intake have been described with distinct taxa involved that are all present at low relative abundances. A recently discovered pathway is now considered to be the main route for TMA synthesis from l‐carnitine involving γ‐butyrobetaine as an intermediate product. By comprehensive (meta) genomic screening of publicly available data, namely, genomes of the UHGG catalog (n > 200,000) and 10 metagenomic (transcriptomic) data sets, we revealed bacteria synthesizing TMA via this pathway and specified their ecophysiology. Results will contribute to stratification of individuals based on their gut microbiota's potential to synthesize TMA and might aid in the development of strategies restricting TMA formation.
Current and Future of “Turn‐On” Based Small‐Molecule Copper Probes for Cuproptosis
Authors: Peng Ting‐En , Qiu Feng , Qu Yunwei , Yu Changmin , Cheng Xiamin , Li Lin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence shows that abnormal copper (Cu) metabolism is highly related to many diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Wilson's disease, hematological malignancies and Menkes disease. Very recently, cuproptosis, a Cu‐dependent, programmed cell death was firstly described by Tsvetkov et al. in 2022. Their findings may provide a new perspective for the treatment of related diseases. However, the concrete mechanisms of these diseases, especially cuproptosis, remain completely unclear, the reason of which may be a lack of reliable tools to conduct highly selective, sensitive and high‐resolution imaging of Cu in complex life systems. So far, numerous small‐molecular fluorescent probes have been designed and utilized to explore the Cu signal pathway. Among them, fluorescence turn‐on probes greatly enhance the resolution and accuracy of imaging and may be a promising tool for research of investigation into cuproptosis. This review summarizes the probes developed in the past decade which have the potential to study cuproptosis, focusing on the design strategies, luminescence mechanism and biological‐imaging applications. Besides, we put forward some ideas concerning the design of next‐generation probes for cuproptosis, aiming to tackle the main problems in this new field. Furthermore, the prospect of cuproptosis in the treatment of corresponding diseases is also highlighted.
The re‐emerging suicide crisis in the U.S.: Patterns, causes and solutions
Authors: Marcotte Dave E. , Hansen Benjamin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe suicide rate in the United States has risen nearly 40% since 2000. This increase is puzzling because suicide rates had been falling for decades at the end of the 20th century. In this paper, we review important facts about the changing rate of suicide. General trends do not tell the story of important differences across groups—suicide rates rose substantially among middle‐aged persons between 2005 and 2015 but have fallen since. Among young people, suicide rates began a rapid rise after 2010 that has not abated. We review empirical evidence to assess potential causes for recent changes in suicide rates. The economic hardship caused by the Great Recession played an important role in rising suicide among prime‐aged Americans. Among those under 25, nearly all the increase in suicide mortality during the 2010s can be explained by an increase in the prevalence of depression. Bullying victimization of LGBTQ youth could also account for part of the rise in suicide. The evidence that access to firearms or opioids are major drivers of recent suicide trends is less clear. We end by summarizing evidence on the most promising policies to reduce suicide mortality.
Unemployment Insurance benefit reduction and food hardship
Authors: Dhakal Chandra , Luo Yufeng , Wang Shaonan , Zhen Chen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe leverage the sharp drop in unemployment insurance (UI) benefits following the expiration of the Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation program to estimate the consumption smoothing effect of UI. The $600/week decline in supplemental UI benefits is estimated to reduce total food spending by 9.7% and the odds of having food sufficiency by 6.0%. The estimate for food spending translates to a marginal propensity to spend on food out of UI benefits of 0.06, or a 1.2% reduction in food spending for every 10 percentage point decline in UI replacement rate (calculated as the ratio of UI benefits to pre‐unemployment wages). We find that the consumption effect of UI is countercyclical, greater when economic conditions are weak. The UI effect is also heterogeneous over respondents differentiated by race and ethnicity, income, homeownership, presence of children, state unemployment rates, and state UI generosity. The estimated effect of UI on self‐assessed food sufficiency and confidence about future food sufficiency is largely consistent with the food spending results.
Spectral library search for improved TMTpro labelled peptide assignment in human plasma proteomics
Authors: Palstrøm Nicolai B. , Campbell Amanda J. , Lindegaard Caroline A. , Cakar Samir , Matthiesen Rune , Beck Hans C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClinical biomarker discovery is often based on the analysis of human plasma samples. However, the high dynamic range and complexity of plasma pose significant challenges to mass spectrometry‐based proteomics. Current methods for improving protein identifications require laborious pre‐analytical sample preparation. In this study, we developed and evaluated a TMTpro‐specific spectral library for improved protein identification in human plasma proteomics. The library was constructed by LC‐MS/MS analysis of highly fractionated TMTpro‐tagged human plasma, human cell lysates, and relevant arterial tissues. The library was curated using several quality filters to ensure reliable peptide identifications. Our results show that spectral library searching using the TMTpro spectral library improves the identification of proteins in plasma samples compared to conventional sequence database searching. Protein identifications made by the spectral library search engine demonstrated a high degree of complementarity with the sequence database search engine, indicating the feasibility of increasing the number of protein identifications without additional pre‐analytical sample preparation. The TMTpro‐specific spectral library provides a resource for future plasma proteomics research and optimization of search algorithms for greater accuracy and speed in protein identifications in human plasma proteomics, and is made publicly available to the research community via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD042546.
Phenolic profile changes of grapevine leaves infected with Erysiphe necator
Authors: Hernández María del Mar , Castillo Río Carolina , Blanco González Sara I , Menéndez Cristina M 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPowdery mildew in grapevine is caused by Erysiphe necator and its control requires many chemical treatments. Numerous efforts are being made to improve disease management to achieve crop sustainability goals. The exogenous induction of plant immune responses is one of the most encouraging strategies currently being developed. The objective of this research was to analyse differences in phenolic compound concentrations in E. necator‐infected leaves of two varieties of Vitis vinifera, Tempranillo and Tempranillo Blanco, using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. To understand the susceptibility of the varieties, in vitro assays using whole leaves were done.RESULTSDifferences in susceptibility between varieties were found in the early stage of the disease. In both varieties, total phenolic compounds were higher in infected leaves; however, hydroxycinnamic acid, anthocyanins and stilbenes were higher only in Tempranillo. Twenty‐six compounds showed differential responses to the fungal disease in Tempranillo, but only two in Tempranillo Blanco: syringa resinol, which was not detected in diseased leaves; and gallocatechin, which increased at 5 days post inoculation. In Tempranillo, four anthocyanidins, six hydroxycinnamic acids, mainly feruloyl derivates, and epigallocatechin gallate were higher in infected leaves at the beginning of the infection, whereas (−)‐epicatechin and protocatechuic hexoside contents were lower.CONCLUSIONDisease‐induced changes in phenolic compound biosynthesis were found. The increase in anthocyanidin content and flavan‐3‐ol galloylation could have a role in delaying E. necator growth in Tempranillo. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
A first‐principles investigation into the rational design of Sn‐halide perovskite materials as an alternative to Pb‐based perovskites
Authors: Chutia Tridip , Kalita Tanmoy , Kalita Dhruba Jyoti 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe development of Pb‐free alternatives for perovskite‐based photovoltaics is extremely important due to the toxicity of Pb to the environment. Sn‐based organic inorganic hybrid halide perovskites are considered to be the most suitable alternative to Pb‐based ABX perovskites due to their similar optoelectronic properties. The selection of A site cation in ABX type perovskites is crucial for favorable structural and mechanical properties. Using first principle methods, we have designed and investigated Sn–I based hybrid halide perovskite materials with different organic cations mixed in equal proportions. Observed tolerance (TF) and octahedral factors () indicate the formation of stable three‐dimensional perovskite structure. Our studied materials also exhibit thermodynamic stability due to the negative value of their formation energies. Observed band gap values indicate the semiconducting nature of our studied perovskite materials. Calculated optical properties indicate that all of the compounds exhibit suitable dielectric functions and absorption coefficients in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The observed highest value of theoretical power conversion efficiency of MA‐AMSnI (11.24%) indicates its potential to be used in photovoltaics. Our investigation will be beneficial for researchers to develop less toxic and efficient perovskite materials for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices.
Blue‐to‐Red‐Emissive Star‐Shaped Boranils
Authors: Bai Monika M. G. , Nipate Atul B. , Malakalapalli Rajeswara Rao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntriguing luminescent properties of boranil complexes have gained a prominence. Here, we report the synthesis and optical properties of star‐shaped boranil complexes. The strategy involves one‐step synthesis by a simple mixing triformylphloroglucinol with various aromatic amines in the presence of diisopropylethyl amine (DIPEA), and the complexing reagent of BF3⋅Et2O in chloroform at 80 °C for 24 hours. The complexes are obtained in good yields (60–85 %). These boranil complexes have strong fluorescence in both solution (λmax=466–605 nm) and solid (λmax=612–659 nm) states, with the fluorescence quantum yields varying from 1.5–57 % in chloroform. The emission color of the complexes has been tuned from blue to red by varying the aryl‐substituents in the complexes. Further understanding of the optical and electronic properties is obtained theoretically using DFT computations.
Modulation of Buried Interface by 1‐(3‐aminopropyl)‐Imidazole for Efficient Inverted Formamidinium‐Cesium Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Yu , Ye Jingchuan , Song Jiaxing , Chu Liang , Zang Yue , Li Guodong , Zhou Qin , Yang Gaoyuan , Tu Yibo , Jin Yingzhi , Li Zaifang , Yan Wensheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConsidering the direct influence of substrate surface nature on perovskite (PVK) film growth, buried interfacial engineering is crucial to obtain ideal perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, 1‐(3‐aminopropyl)‐imidazole (API) is introduced at polytriarylamine (PTAA)/PVK interface to modulate the bottom property of PVK. First, the introduction of API improves the growth of PVK grains and reduces the Pb2+ defects and residual PbI2 present at the bottom of the film, contributing to the acquisition of high‐quality PVK film. Besides, the presence of API can optimize the energy structure between PVK and PTAA, which facilitates the interfacial charge transfer. Density functional theory (DFT) reveals that the electron donor unit (R‐C ═ N) of the API prefers to bind with Pb2+ traps at the PVK interface, while the formation of hydrogen bonds between the R‐NH2 of API and I− strengthens the above binding ability. Consequently, the optimum API‐treated inverted formamidinium‐cesium (FA/Cs) PSCs yields a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.02% and exhibited favorable stability.
Interfacial Electron Engineering of PdSn‐NbN/C for Highly Efficient Cleavage of the C–C Bonds in Alkaline Ethanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Ye Na , Sheng Wenchao , Zhang Riguang , Yan Binhang , Jiang Zhao , Fang Tao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe splitting of the C–C bonds of ethanol remains a key issue to be addressed, despite tremendous efforts made over the past several decades. This study highlights the enhancement mechanism of inexpensive NbN‐modified Pd1Sn3‐NbN/C towards the C–C bonds cleavage for alkaline ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). The optimal Pd1Sn3‐NbN/C delivers a catalytic activity up to 43.5 times higher than that of commercial Pd/C and high carbonate selectivity (20.5%) toward alkaline EOR. Most impressively, the Pd1Sn3‐NbN/C presents good durability even after 25 200 s of chronoamperometric testing. The enhanced catalytic performance is mainly due to the interfacial interaction between PdSn and NbN, demonstrated by multiple structural characterization results. In addition, in situ ATR‐SEIRAS (Attenuated total reflection‐surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy) results suggest that NbN facilitates the C–C bonds cleavage towards the alkaline EOR, followed by the enhanced OH adsorption to promote the subsequent oxidation of C1 intermediates after doping Sn. DFT (density functional theory) calculations indicate that the activation barriers of the C–H bond cleavage in CH3CH2OH, CH3CHOH, CH3CHO, CH3CO, CH2CO, and the C–C bond cleavage in CH3CO, CH2CO, CHCO are evidently reduced and the removal of adsorbed CH3CO and CO becomes easier on the PdSn‐NbN/C catalyst surface.