bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Parametric Sub-Bottom Profilers for Responsible in Situ Management of Underwater Shallow-Buried Archaeological Materials
Authors: Winton Trevor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe application potential of parametric sub-bottom profilers (SBPs) to in situ management of underwater archaeological sites at risk from degradational loss of shallow-buried materials is presented. This approach is based on the process-driven in situ preservation and research frameworks advocated by the 2001 UNESCOConvention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritageand provides a basis for greater uptake by the archaeological community. Results from research at a purposely prepared sub-seabed site and on the adjoiningJames Matthews(1841) wreck site in Western Australia demonstrate how noninvasive SBP-derived data support responsible management of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) sites by: (1) identifying and/or confirming the presence of sub-seabed UCH material, (2) identifying the potential level of risk of further material loss from ongoing degradation, (3) providing key information with which to make a sound in situ management or site-research plan for the sub-seabed material, and (4) delivering monitoring feedback regarding the success of in situ management actions.
The Unlucky Voyage: Batavia’s (1629) Landscape of Survival on the Houtman Abrolhos Islands in Western Australia
Authors: Paterson Alistair , Green Jeremy , van Duivenvoorde Wendy , Franklin Daniel , Flavel Ambika , Smits Liesbeth , Shragge Jeffrey , Manders Martijn , Souter Corioli , Shefi Deb , Anderson Ross , Hoskin Thomas , Issa Nader , Nash Mike 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe loss of the Dutch East India Company ship Batavia in 1629 on the Houtman Abrolhos off the west coast of Australia and subsequent mutiny is one of the most dramatic events in the history of European encounters with Australia, and was widely popularized in 17th-century publications. The archaeological remains surpass that of a shipwreck with its consequent jetsam and flotsam, and are the silent witnesses to a cultural landscape of survival created within a few months by a horrible sequence of events. Here we present archaeological evidence collected from 2014 to 2019 in a new research project that informs on these historical events. We discovered 12 victims in single and multiple graves, as well as evidence for survivors’ resistance to a band of mutineers and remains of the possible gallows site where 7 mutineers were executed. Together these sites contribute to the understanding of the survival landscape at one of the earliest European sites in Australia.
Common Sports Injuries of Track and Field Athletes Using Cloud Computing and Internet of Things
Authors: He Quantao , Li Xiongfei , Li Wenjuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCloud computing and the Internet of Things (IoT), are popular technologies on the Internet. They can connect everything with the Internet and have a huge role in promoting social development. This paper aimed to conduct an in-depth study on the common sports injuries of track and field athletes by studying the related algorithms of cloud computing and the IoT, and selected the cluster analysis method, so that it can better serve the analysis of human movement. The problem studied in this paper is to find out how to improve the efficiency of clustering algorithms, especially the ability to process high-dimensional data. A motion algorithm system that is suitable for analyzing human sports injuries. This paper gave a general introduction to the cluster analysis algorithm in cloud computing and IoT, made a detailed analysis of the common sports injuries of track and field athletes, and applied the cluster analysis method to the analysis of human sports injuries. The basic principle is to use mathematical methods to quantitatively determine the relationship between samples based on their own attributes and certain similarity or difference indicators, and cluster the samples according to the degree of this relationship. The introduction of this method greatly enhances the efficiency of clustering algorithms, especially the ability to process high-dimensional data, which is suitable for analyzing human sports injuries. Based on the experiments in this paper, it can see that this paper took 70 track and field athletes from a high school as the research object, and conducted a more detailed analysis of the nature, location and causes of their common sports injuries. The computational and Internet of Things (IoT) based research method for common athletic injuries among track and field athletes proposed in this article is higher than the multi-level model method, with a speed of about 10% faster and an accuracy of 18% higher than the multi-level model method. The experimental results in this paper showed that using cloud computing and IoT as the basic methods to study common sports injuries of track and field athletes can obtain richer experimental data and make the analysis of results more scientific and credible, which has practical significance for the study of human sports injuries.
Dynamic control and timely correction of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients undergoing traumatic spinal vertebral fracture surgery to reduce surgery site infection
Authors: Saeidiborojeni Hamidreza , Asl Meraj Forougi , Shabrandy Akam , Ahangar Saeed Gharooee 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study was designed to clarify the impact of precise and dynamic control and timely correction of accurate blood sugar control in reducing the rate of post-spinal fracture surgery infections in impaired glucose tolerance or diabetic patients by posterior approach.

Methods
In this single-blinded clinical trial, a total of 290 patients with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance candidate for traumatic spinal vertebral fracture by posterior approach (PSF) were randomly assigned to either a blood glucose control group (n = 145) or a control group (n = 145). The blood glucose control group received precise control of blood sugar levels before, during, and after surgery, while the control group did not. The incidence of SSI was compared between the two groups at one- and six months post-surgery using statistical tests and SPSS software version 22.

Results
Based on intergroup comparisons, the rate of infection at the site of surgery one month after spinal vertebral fracture surgery (PSF) in patients in the blood glucose control group was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05, 4.8%, and 11.7%). There was no significant difference between the rate of infection in the surgical site six months after spinal vertebral fracture surgery (PSF) in patients of the two groups studied (P > 0.05, 4.1%, and 4.8%). According to intragroup comparisons, there was no significant difference between the infection rate of the surgical site one month and six months after spinal vertebral fracture surgery in the patients of the blood sugar control group (P > 0.05). In patients in the control group, the infection rate at the surgery site of surgery 6 months after surgery was significantly lower than at the site of surgery one month after surgery (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis revealed that malnutrition variables, malignancy, duration of stay in the ICU after surgery, and blood sugar correction intervention statistically correctly contributed significantly to the classification of patients with infection and predicted the incidence of infection in Patients (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Accurate and timely blood sugar control before, during, and after spinal vertebral fracture surgery by posterior approach is crucial in reducing the risk of SSI in diabetic or impaired glucose tolerance patients. The study highlights the importance of both dynamic control and timely correction of blood glucose levels, not only in the early postoperative period but also in preventing later infectious complications.

Highlights
Concurrent analysis of hospital stay durations and mortality of emerging severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants using real-time electronic health record data at a large German university hospital
Authors: Hazard Derek Y. , Grodd Marlon , Makoudjou Adeline , Lozano Sara , Prunotto Andrea , Tippmann Patric , Zöller Daniela , Mathé Philipp , Rieg Siegbert , Wolkewitz Martin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Multistate methodology proves effective in analyzing hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with emerging variants in real time. An analysis of 2,548 admissions in Freiburg, Germany, showed reduced severity over time in terms of shorter hospital stays and higher discharge rates when comparing more recent phases with earlier phases of the pandemic.
Earmarked Funding and the Control–Performance Trade-Off in International Development Organizations
Authors: Heinzel Mirko , Cormier Ben , Reinsberg Bernhard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince the 1990s, the funding of multilateral development assistance has rapidly transformed. Donors increasingly constrain the discretion of international development organizations (IDOs) through earmarked funding, which limits the purposes for which a donor's funds can be used. The consequences of this development for IDOs’ operational performance are insufficiently understood. We hypothesize that increases in administrative burdens due to earmarked funding reduce the performance of IDO projects. The additional reporting required of IDOs by earmarked funds, while designed to enhance accountability, ultimately increases IDOs’ supervision costs and weakens their performance. We first test these hypotheses with data on project costs and performance of World Bank projects using both ordinary-least-squares and instrumental-variable analyses. We then probe the generalizability of those findings to other organizations by extending our analysis to four other IDOs: the African Development Bank (AfDB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), Caribbean Development Bank (CDB), and International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). Using data on the performance of 7,571 projects approved between 1990 and 2020, we find that earmarked funding undermines both cost-effectiveness and project performance across IDOs. Donors seeking value for money may consider allocating more money to core funds rather than to earmarked funds.
Association between cannabis use disorder and schizophrenia stronger in young males than in females
Authors: Hjorthøj Carsten , Compton Wilson , Starzer Marie , Nordholm Dorte , Einstein Emily , Erlangsen Annette , Nordentoft Merete , Volkow Nora D. , Han Beth 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research suggests an increase in schizophrenia population attributable risk fraction (PARF) for cannabis use disorder (CUD). However, sex and age variations in CUD and schizophrenia suggest the importance of examining differences in PARFs in sex and age subgroups.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide Danish register-based cohort study including all individuals aged 16–49 at some point during 1972–2021. CUD and schizophrenia status was obtained from the registers. Hazard ratios (HR), incidence risk ratios (IRR), and PARFs were estimated. Joinpoint analyses were applied to sex-specific PARFs.ResultsWe examined 6 907 859 individuals with 45 327 cases of incident schizophrenia during follow-up across 129 521 260 person-years. The overall adjusted HR (aHR) for CUD on schizophrenia was slightly higher among males (aHR = 2.42, 95% CI 2.33–2.52) than females (aHR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.89–2.17); however, among 16–20-year-olds, the adjusted IRR (aIRR) for males was more than twice that for females (males: aIRR = 3.84, 95% CI 3.43–4.29; females: aIRR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.53–2.15). During 1972–2021, the annual average percentage change in PARFs for CUD in schizophrenia incidence was 4.8 among males (95% CI 4.3–5.3; p < 0.0001) and 3.2 among females (95% CI 2.5–3.8; p < 0.0001). In 2021, among males, PARF was 15%; among females, it was around 4%.ConclusionsYoung males might be particularly susceptible to the effects of cannabis on schizophrenia. At a population level, assuming causality, one-fifth of cases of schizophrenia among young males might be prevented by averting CUD. Results highlight the importance of early detection and treatment of CUD and policy decisions regarding cannabis use and access, particularly for 16–25-year-olds.
The longitudinal association between infant negative emotionality, childhood maltreatment, and ADHD symptoms: A secondary analysis of data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study
Authors: Golm Dennis , Brandt Valerie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:Infant temperament predicts harsh parenting, and attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Moreover, childhood maltreatment has consistently been associated with later ADHD symptoms. We hypothesized that infant negative emotionality predicted both ADHD symptoms and maltreatment, and that there was a bidirectional association between maltreatment experiences and ADHD symptoms.Methods:The study used secondary data from the longitudinal Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 2860). A structural equation model was conducted, using maximum likelihood with robust standard errors. Infant negative emotionality acted as a predictor. Outcome variables were childhood maltreatment and ADHD symptoms at ages 5 and 9.Results:The model demonstrated good fit (root-mean-square error of approximation = .02, comparative fit index = .99, Tucker–Lewis index = .96). Infant negative emotionality positively predicted childhood maltreatment at ages 5 and 9, and ADHD symptoms at age 5. Age 5 maltreatment/ADHD symptoms predicted age 9 ADHD symptoms/maltreatment. Additionally, both childhood maltreatment and ADHD symptoms at age 5 mediated the association between negative emotionality and childhood maltreatment/ADHD symptoms at age 9.Conclusions:Given the bidirectional relationship between ADHD and experiences of maltreatment, it is vital to identify early shared risk factors to prevent negative downstream effects and support families at risk. Our study showed that infant negative emotionality, poses one of these risk factors.
Navigating the healthcare system with my child with CHD: parental perspectives on developmental follow-up practices
Authors: Bolduc Marie-Eve , Rennick Janet E. , Gagnon Isabelle , Sokol Eva , Majnemer Annette , Brossard-Racine Marie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:Parents of children with CHD face several barriers when trying to access the services needed to support their child’s development. In fact, current developmental follow-up practices may not identify developmental challenges in a timely manner and important opportunities for interventions may be lost. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of parents of children and adolescents with CHD with respect to developmental follow-up in Canada.Methods:Interpretive description was used as a methodological approach for this qualitative study. Parents of children aged 5–15 years with complex CHD were eligible. Semi-structured interviews that aimed to explore their perspectives regarding their child’s developmental follow-up were conducted.Results:Fifteen parents of children with CHD were recruited for this study. They expressed that the lack of systematic and responsive developmental follow-up services and limited access to resources to support their child’s development placed an undue burden on their families, and as a result, they needed to assume new roles as case managers or advocates to address these limitations. This additional burden resulted in a high level of parental stress, which, in turn, affected the parent–child relationship and siblings.Conclusions:The limitations of the current Canadian developmental follow-up practices put undue pressure on the parents of children with complex CHD. The parents stressed the importance of implementing a universal and systematic approach to developmental follow-up to allow for the timely identification of challenges, enabling the initiation of interventions and supports and promoting more positive parent–child relationships.
Is the transition from primary to secondary school a risk factor for energy balance-related behaviours? A systematic review
Authors: Emke Helga , Dijkstra Coosje , Kremers Stef , Chinapaw Mai JM , Altenburg Teatske 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective:The substantial changes in the physical and social environment during the transition from primary to secondary school may significantly impact adolescents’ energy balance-related behaviours (i.e. dietary behaviour, sedentary behaviour, sleep behaviour and physical activity (PA)). This is the first review systematically summarising evidence on changes in four energy balance-related behaviours of adolescents across the school transition from primary to secondary school.Design:For this systematic review, the electronic databases Embase, PsycINFO and SPORTDiscus were searched for relevant studies from inception to August 2021. PubMed was searched for relevant studies from inception to September 2022. Inclusion criteria were: (i) longitudinal studies reporting; (ii) one or more energy balance-related behaviours; and (iii) across the school transition, that is, with measurement(s) during both primary and secondary school.Setting:Transition from primary to secondary schoolParticipants:Adolescents across the transition from primary to secondary school.Results:Thirty-four studies were eligible. We found strong evidence for an increase in sedentary time, moderate evidence for a decrease in fruit and vegetable consumption, and inconclusive evidence for a change in total, light, and moderate-to-vigorous PA, active transport, screen time, unhealthy snack consumption, and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption among adolescents across the school transition.Conclusions:During the transition from primary to secondary school, sedentary time and fruit and vegetable consumption tend to change unfavourably. More high-quality, longitudinal research is needed specifically on changes in energy balance-related behaviour across the school transition, especially regarding sleep behaviour. (Prospero registration: CRD42018084799)
Reconstructing Continuous Ice Sheet Elevation Changes in the Amundsen Sea Sector During 2003–2021 by Merging Envisat, ICESat, CryoSat‐2, and ICESat‐2 Multi‐Altimeter Observations
Authors: Yue Lianzhe , Chao Nengfang , Chen Gang , Chen Lihao , Zhang Baojun , Sun Runzhi , Zhang Yanze , Wang Shuai , Wang Zhengtao , Li Fupeng , Yu Nan , Ouyang Guichong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Amundsen Sea (AS) sector in West Antarctica accounts for a significant proportion of Earth's ice losses and is the largest contributor of Antarctica's mass loss. To evaluate its contribution to global sea‐level rise, we reconstruct the long‐term continuous surface elevation changes (CSEC) record of the AS sector by an improved least‐squares plane fitting method (ILSPFM), which merged the relative surface elevation change (SEC) series instead of height from Envisat, ICESat, CryoSat‐2, and ICESat‐2 missions during 2003–2021. The accuracy of CSEC is improved by 25.9% using ILSPFM. The average rate of CSEC in the AS sector was −24.25 ± 0.48 cm yr−1 during 2003–2021. The largest signals of SEC are found over Pine Island, Thwaites, and Pope Glaciers, with the largest decline of SEC over Pope Glacier with a total SEC of −82.44 ± 7.21 m and an annual change rate of −4.34 ± 0.38 m yr−1. The ridge between Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers is found in the AS sector, indicating that the change of ice sheet is dynamic thinning and closely related to the topography and the distance from the grounding line. Compared with meteorological data sets, we find that the codirectional fluctuation in CSEC is delayed by 3 months with surface temperature, and the precipitation leading SEC series as the phase arrow points straight down from the cross wavelet transform. Our new record shows that the AS sector thinned rapidly from 2003 to 2021 but decelerated from 2019 to 2021, and it was clearly correlated to the surface temperature, precipitation, and local terrain.
Local Generation of Magnetosonic Waves by Ring Beam Hot Protons in the Martian Ionosphere
Authors: Wang Jing , Yu Jiang , Chen Zuzheng , Xu Xiaojun , Cui Jun , Cao Jinbin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMagnetosonic (MS) waves are dominant plasma waves causing severe Martian ionospheric erosion. They are generally considered to originate upstream of Martian bow shock with frequencies near the upstream proton gyrofrequency. However, whether MS waves can be locally excited lacks theoretical analysis. Here we present an event of MS waves with frequencies above and closely related to the local proton gyrofrequency in the Martian ionosphere. Concurrently, ring beam hot proton distributions are observed due to the penetration of magnetosheath protons. By employing the observed plasma and magnetic field data, the calculated linear growth rates for MS waves agree well with the observed wave power spectra, demonstrating that they can be locally excited by unstable ring beam hot protons at Mars. Our results could be of great help in understanding the excitation of MS waves in a heavy ion‐rich environment around unmagnetized planets.
Polychromatic full-polarization control in mid-infrared light
Authors: Chen Jin , Yu Feilong , Liu Xingsi , Bao Yanjun , Chen Rongsheng , Zhao Zengyue , Wang Jiuxu , Wang Xiuxia , Liu Wen , Shi Yuzhi , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Chen Xiaoshuang , Lu Wei , Li Guanhai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjects with different shapes, materials and temperatures can emit distinct polarizations and spectral information in mid-infrared band, which provides a unique signature in the transparent window for object identification. However, the crosstalk among various polarization and wavelength channels prevents from accurate mid-infrared detections at high signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we report full-polarization metasurfaces to break the inherent eigen-polarization constraint over the wavelengths in mid-infrared. This recipe enables to select arbitrary orthogonal polarization basis at individual wavelength independently, therefore alleviating the crosstalk and efficiency degradation. A six-channel all-silicon metasurface is specifically presented to project focused mid-infrared light to distinct positions at three wavelengths, each with a pair of arbitrarily chosen orthogonal polarizations. An isolation ratio of 117 between neighboring polarization channels is experimentally recorded, exhibiting detection sensitivity one order of magnitude higher than existing infrared detectors. Remarkably, the high aspect ratio ~30 of our meta-structures manufactured by deep silicon etching technology at temperature −150 °C guarantees the large and precise phase dispersion control over a broadband from 3 to 4.5 μm. We believe our results would benefit the noise-immune mid-infrared detections in remote sensing and space-to-ground communications.
Compact multi-foci metalens spectrometer
Authors: Wang Ruoxing , Ansari Muhammad Afnan , Ahmed Hammad , Li Yan , Cai Wenfeng , Liu Yanjun , Li Songtao , Liu Jianlong , Li Li , Chen Xianzhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA lightweight and portable spectrometer is desirable for miniaturization and integration. The unprecedented capability of optical metasurfaces has shown much promise to perform such a task. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a compact high-resolution spectrometer with a multi-foci metalens. The novel metalens is designed based on wavelength and phase multiplexing, which can accurately map the wavelength information into its focal points located on the same plane. The measured wavelengths in the light spectra agree with simulation results upon the illumination of various incident light spectra. The uniqueness of this technique lies in the novel metalens that can simultaneously realize wavelength splitting and light focusing. The compactness and ultrathin nature of the metalens spectrometer render this technology have potential applications in on-chip integrated photonics where spectral analysis and information processing can be performed in a compact platform.