bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive survey of long-range tertiary interactions and motifs in non-coding RNA structures
Authors: Bohdan Davyd R , Voronina Valeria V , Bujnicki Janusz M , Baulin Eugene F 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Understanding the 3D structure of RNA is key to understanding RNA function. RNA 3D structure is modular and can be seen as a composition of building blocks of various sizes called tertiary motifs. Currently, long-range motifs formed between distant loops and helical regions are largely less studied than the local motifs determined by the RNA secondary structure. We surveyed long-range tertiary interactions and motifs in a non-redundant set of non-coding RNA 3D structures. A new dataset of annotated LOng-RAnge RNA 3D modules (LORA) was built using an approach that does not rely on the automatic annotations of non-canonical interactions. An original algorithm, ARTEM, was developed for annotation-, sequence- and topology-independent superposition of two arbitrary RNA 3D modules. The proposed methods allowed us to identify and describe the most common long-range RNA tertiary motifs. Along with the prevalent canonical A-minor interactions, a large number of previously undescribed staple interactions were observed. The most frequent long-range motifs were found to belong to three main motif families: planar staples, tilted staples, and helical packing motifs.
Retron-mediated multiplex genome editing and continuous evolution in Escherichia coli
Authors: Liu Wenqian , Zuo Siqi , Shao Youran , Bi Ke , Zhao Jiarun , Huang Lei , Xu Zhinan , Lian Jiazhang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
While there are several genome editing techniques available, few are suitable for dynamic and simultaneous mutagenesis of arbitrary targeted sequences in prokaryotes. Here, to address these limitations, we present a versatile and multiplex retron-mediated genome editing system (REGES). First, through systematic optimization of REGES, we achieve efficiency of ∼100%, 85 ± 3%, 69 ± 14% and 25 ± 14% for single-, double-, triple- and quadruple-locus genome editing, respectively. In addition, we employ REGES to generate pooled and barcoded variant libraries with degenerate RBS sequences to fine-tune the expression level of endogenous and exogenous genes, such as transcriptional factors to improve ethanol tolerance and biotin biosynthesis. Finally, we demonstrate REGES-mediated continuous in vivo protein evolution, by combining retron, polymerase-mediated base editing and error-prone transcription. By these case studies, we demonstrate REGES as a powerful multiplex genome editing and continuous evolution tool with broad applications in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering.
A Medium Seen Otherwise
Authors: Hallas Roger 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A Medium Seen Otherwise examines the innovative incorporation of photography into documentary film, exploring the various ways in which this specific manifestation of intermediality permits us to see both photography and documentary film otherwise. Photographs, whether professional or vernacular, are conventionally understood to furnish documentaries with indexical evidence and visual illustration of history, yet the spatio-temporal dimensions of film permit documentaries to illuminate photography’s wider capacities beyond the merely representational. Through an investigation of how political, historical, and art documentaries engage with photographic images, objects, and archives, the book argues that film allows us to better understand what people do with analog and digital photographs as material objects that enable particular forms of social and political relationality through multisensory experience. Moreover, film can bring the event of photography into fuller view, demonstrating how no single participant in it (photographer, subject, camera, photograph, or viewer) has sovereignty over its affect, meaning, or value. Combining new critical perspectives on well-known documentary filmmakers and photographers (Agnès Varda, Rithy Panh, Edward Burtynsky, Malick Sidibé, Vivian Maier, JR, Ken Burns, Errol Morris, and Akram Zaatari) with analysis of lesser known, but important, documentaries, the book investigates a global range of documentary and vernacular photographic contexts, including Lebanon, Palestine, Mali, Congo, Cambodia, Ireland, Spain, Mexico, Chile, Canada, and the United States. While authorship and representation remain common rhetorical frameworks for documentaries about photography, A Medium Seen Otherwise offers an account of how the intermediality between documentary film and photography can posit far more expansive conceptions of both media.
Conclusion
Authors: Hallas Roger 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The conclusion summarizes the key arguments of the book and briefly considers what documentary film can illuminate about the transformation of photography in the age of social media. The reconceptualizations of photography around three dynamics (the event of photography over the singular photographic image, performance over ontology, and presentation over representation) are key to theories of photography in the age of social media, what Nathan Jurgenson has dubbed “social photography.” Documentaries about social photography have either examined the mechanisms and effects of algorithmic image flows through the use of animation and performance or observed the social behavior of taking selfies through the documentary long take.
Introduction
Authors: Ivanhoe Philip J. , Wang Hwa Yeong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This introduction presents brief accounts of the lives of Im Yunjidang and Gang Jeongildang; it also describes the composition, different genres, and contents of their extant writings and how they came to be collected and published after their deaths. It endeavors to show some of the ways in which their general historical circumstances and the particular course of their lives may well have contributed to both the form and the nature of their writings and, in particular, how each of them found ways to successfully navigate the formidable obstacles and overcome the challenges standing in the way of any woman of this place and time who sought to educate herself and engage in serious philosophical inquiry.
Miscellaneous Writings (雜著)
Authors: Ivanhoe Philip J. , Wang Hwa Yeong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This section contains two works that don’t fit into any of the standard categories of traditional writing. The first is a fascinating record of the preferences and practices of her ancestors, which she compiled to keep them in her and other family member’s memories and to add more personal touches to the regular sacrifices made to them. The second piece is an exposition (seol 說). It was not listed in a separate expositions section within her extant writings but added here in a section of sundry writings.
Media and Emotions
Authors: Minich Matt , Tao Ran , Cascio Christopher N. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although both neuroscience research and communication research have long been interested in the study of emotion, the use of neuroimaging methods to address questions about media and emotion remains novel. In this chapter, the authors highlight ways in which neural measures can be used to provide valuable new perspectives on the study of media and emotion. They offer a general overview of the questions neuroimaging is best suited to address, review current research on the way emotions manifest in the brain, and present several examples of recent work that has applied neuroimaging methods to examine the relationship between neural processes associated with emotions and media effects. Finally, they offer some promising directions for future research.
Social Media Use and Patterns of Emotional Experience
Authors: Nabi Robin L. , Wolfers Lara , King Jesse 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Given the explosion in social media use since the early 2000s, scholars, parents, physicians, psychologists, and other vested parties have expressed concern over the effects such use might have on users, especially in terms of mental health. This chapter focuses specifically on the relationships between social media use and emotion-based experiences, which in turn relate to mental wellness. Key theoretical perspectives on why people respond emotionally to social media content, including cognitive appraisal theory and social comparison theory, are outlined. The extant literature on the ways in which repeated use of social media may contribute to both negative and positive emotional experiences is then reviewed, with particular focus on anxiety and depression as well as hope and inspiration. Mediating and moderating influences are also considered, with attention to issues related to the nature of social media use and the user’s life stage.
Media Use and Empathy
Authors: Mares Marie-Louise , Kong Susan S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Some researchers have argued that population levels of empathy have declined and that media use is a contributing factor. Preoccupation with phones, the pursuit of likes on social media, the displacement of face-to-face interactions, violent game play, degraded affective cues on mediated platforms have all been considered as culprits. Other researchers have noted that some media use may foster empathy. Narratives can offer opportunities for perspective-taking or teach emotion recognition, instant messaging and other low-cue forms of mediated communication can stimulate intimate disclosures, and virtual reality can offer vivid encounters with others’ experiences. This chapter distinguishes empathy from related constructs and then overviews the evidence of media effects on core components of empathy (affective arousal, emotion understanding, and emotion regulation) and subsequent prosocial responses. Overall, the evidence suggests that some forms and contexts of media use may blunt empathic responding, while other media experiences may enhance it. However, numerous research gaps remain.
Emotion and Online Information Selection
Authors: Luong Kate T. , Knobloch-Westerwick Silvia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the theories and research on emotion-based online media selection. The authors first present the conceptualizations of different affective terms—namely affect, mood, and emotion—and how they differ from one another. They then review the four major theoretical frameworks in this area: mood management theory, mood adjustment theory, the selective exposure self- and affect-management model, and the emotions-as-frames model, followed by existing empirical research with a focus on the online context. Finally, gaps in the current literature are delineated; and, based on the three unique characteristics of online media—affordances, cues, and algorithms—and how they interact with the affect-driven selection process, future research directions are suggested.
Emotion, Information Sharing, and Social Media
Authors: Hasell Ariel , Nabi Robin L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
People have always been motivated to share emotional experiences with others, but social media have facilitated the expression and sharing of emotional experiences to mass and diverse audiences to an extent previously unimaginable. This chapter focuses specifically on individuals as sharers, creators, and receivers of information in social media, exploring how emotions initiate this process and to what effect. It examines theories of why emotions spread through social networks and identifies the broad theoretical functions of emotion-based sharing in social media, including motivations for sharing, like social support, persuasion, retribution, and shaming. It also reviews the effects of sharing emotional information on both senders and receivers and highlights important scholarly considerations for future research on the diffusion of emotionally charged information via social media.
Love Bombs and Twitter Terror
Authors: Aday Sean 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the range of affective responses to terrorist media, focusing especially on digital media, and argues that these emotional effects are more complex than commonly assumed and vary by content type and target audience. It compares terrorist messages in mainstream news and online and theorizes about the emotional appeals and effects of each on sympathetic and unsympathetic audiences, both of which are targets of terrorist communication in different ways. Specifically, this chapter addresses four emotions—anger, fear, anxiety, and disgust—and shows how they are understood differently by terrorist sympathizers and potential sympathizers versus non-sympathizers. Finally, it explores how one might build on previous research to more fully conceptualize the role of emotion in terrorists’ online media.
American Shame and Real Freedom
Authors: Lebron Christopher J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This punch was not like other punches. John McGraw decided the black protester wasn’t welcome in his space. He assaulted him then yelled, “The next time we see him, we might have to kill him.” And Donald Trump was on the stage as this happened. The blow McGraw landed wasn’t unique because it was a sucker punch. Many such punches have been thrown and have landed in the history of human fisticuffs. It wasn’t wrong merely in its racist origins. Rather, it was awful and shameful because it was thrown by a white man at a black protester at a presidential rally for Donald Trump, who will surely go down in American history for shamelessly agitating for physical violence and discord in the name of American patriotism. In this regard, Trump is neither new nor original. What is shocking and galling is that in 2016 Trump and the culprit who landed the blow are able to operate with near impunity. Though the assaulter was eventually arrested, nothing has stopped Trump from reminding America, time and again, that the American way is both the racist and the violent way. But Trump does not stand alone.
Cultural Control against Social Control
Authors: Lebron Christopher J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
“We gonna be alright!” These four words were chanted by Black Lives Matters protesters on an overcast day late in July 2015 as they faced down an imposing Cleveland, Ohio police force. The chant seemed straightforward bravado, almost as if to signal to the police lined up against them that their wills were indomitable. That may be part of the story but isn’t the whole story.
Original Empire
Authors: Snow Jennifer C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Early English settlements in North America brought the official Church of England along, with the monarch at its head, and did not make any division between political and religious governance and inclusion. Beginning with the Protestant Reformation the English came with very few conceptual options for the inclusion of religious others aside from violence. This chapter examines the earliest English contacts with Native Americans around Roanoke and Jamestown and religious/governmental efforts to incorporate them into “English” society, including the baptism of Manteo, the Anglo-Powhatan wars, and Pocahontas. Jamestown was also the site of the first record of enslaved Africans sold in North America, and the chapter investigates how enslavement shaped English ideas about the incorporation of others and religious and racial identity in early colonial efforts.
A Conventional Religion
Authors: Snow Jennifer C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The colonial church had to reinvent itself during and after the American Revolution, particularly in terms of the episcopacy, which the American colonial church had never had. This chapter traces the missional challenges involved in creating a church polity in a new, disestablished situation, finding and defining the role of bishops, responding to the Great Awakening and the rise of Methodism, and the first free Black congregation in the Episcopal Church, St. Thomas African Philadelphia. At the end of this period, the Episcopal Church had the seeds of three missional visions: the high church, the low church or evangelical, and the liberating mission of the Black church, which was largely segregated from the white church by the decision of the Diocese of Pennsylvania to deny St. Thomas participation in the diocesan convention.
The Great Innovation
Authors: Snow Jennifer C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The period immediately after the American Revolution was a time of shock and low energy for much of the new Episcopal Church. While other denominations were able to accompany new settlers into the western territories, the Episcopal Church struggled and lost members even where they had been successful. This chapter explores the challenges of voluntarism, denominational competition, and disestablishment; traces the near-collapse of the church in Virginia; and describes the development of new missional strategies and ideologies, dividing most white Episcopalians between the low church evangelical and the high church missional visions. In addition, this chapter describes the two important missional innovations in 1835: making the church identical with its mission organization rather than a voluntary auxiliary, as in other Protestant denominations, and creating the missionary bishop.
Turning Inward
Authors: Snow Jennifer C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Episcopal Church moved away from “foreign missions” after the Hocking Report, instead focusing on “domestic missions,” particularly suburban expansion. At the same time, the experience of Japanese Americans in the internment camps, and the church’s inability to do anything about it, gave white church leaders an increasing ability to discuss injustice in terms of race and to see standing against injustice as an important aspect of mission. While the suburban expansion into the white middle class narrowed future paths of expansion and increased the church’s collective expectation of cultural assimilation of nonwhite members, some leaders moved toward “urban mission” as a radical step, while Black Episcopalians continued as leaders in the fight against racism and in the early civil rights movement.
East of Delhi
Authors: Orsini Francesca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
East of Delhi is a history of the multilingual literary culture of northern India. It takes a longue durée approach, from the beginnings of recorded vernacular literature in the late fourteenth century to its codification into separate, monolingual histories of Hindi and Urdu in the early twentieth century that syphoned off literature from folklore. It traces the languages and literary forms that circulated in and out of the region and in and across several communities of taste—courtly, devotional, and popular. In conversation with approaches of world literature, East of Delhi proposes a way of doing world literature that is attentive to texture and layers as well as circulation, to complexity and exclusions as well as canonization and reach, and to tastes and practices as well as normative ideas about literature.
The Spectral Mother
Authors: Landy Francis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The chapter concerns exile, both as a historical trauma and a metaphor for all human alienation. It begins with prefigurations of exile in Proto-Isaiah (chs 1–39), the vertiginous pun between the words for exile and revelation, and typological figures who proleptically embody the deportation, such as the king and the prophet. The rest of the chapter focuses on the mission of Cyrus as YHWH’s anointed in ch. 45, the displacement of the Davidic promise onto Israel, the servant and the prophet in chs 55.3–5 and 61.1–3, and the figure of Zion as the spectral mother in ch. 49. Zion is the mother whose dead children return to her; however, it is those very children who mourn for her. The message is that the dead come back to life, but that one cannot erase the past. Presiding over this change is the exiled, maternal figure of God.
The Popularization
Authors: Passie Torsten 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Since the early 1980s, the popularity of MDMA has clearly risen. Independently of the activities of Shulgin, knowledge of MDMA spread across the country. The first recreational use documented by drug educators was in Oregon in the late 1970s, and they hypothesized that this drug could well enjoy future popularity. The year 1981 saw the publication of the first detailed article about MDMA in a widely distributed underground journal, followed by a few others. After all human research on psychedelics was stopped in the late 1960s, the Association for the Responsible Use of Psychedelic Agents (ARUPA) evolved as a loosely connected circle, which met at the Esalen Institute, an epicentre of the human potential movement, to promote the therapeutic use of MDMA. The move away from psychedelics to amphetamines by most drug users in the early 1970s also contributed to the popularity of MDMA. However, in spite of some early recreational use in a few nightclubs, MDMA did not really take off until a proselytizing MDMA aficionado began to sell the drug on a broader scale in bars and nightclubs of some Texan cities. As some groups began to see the profits to be made, they began to produce the drug in larger amounts, thus further stimulating demand. The history of two representative groups of underground manufacturers is described. Other parts of this chapter cover the press coverage in 1985 and the role of the Indian guru Rajneesh in the international distribution of MDMA.
Carbon isotope composition of respired CO2 in woody stems and leafy shoots of three tree species along the growing season: physiological drivers for respiratory fractionation
Authors: Salomón Roberto L , Rodríguez-Calcerrada Jesús , De Roo Linus , Miranda José Carlos , Bodé Samuel , Boeckx Pascal , Steppe Kathy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The carbon isotope composition of respired CO2 (δ13CR) and bulk organic matter (δ13CB) of various plant compartments informs about the isotopic fractionation and substrate of respiratory processes, which are crucial to advance the understanding of carbon allocation in plants. Nevertheless, the variation across organs, species and seasons remains poorly understood. Cavity Ring-Down Laser Spectroscopy was applied to measure δ13CR in leafy shoots and woody stems of maple (Acer platanoides L.), oak (Quercus robur L.) and cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) trees during spring and late summer. Photosynthesis, respiration, growth and non-structural carbohydrates were measured in parallel to evaluate potential drivers for respiratory fractionation. The CO2 respired by maple and oak shoots was 13C-enriched relative to δ13CB during spring, but not late summer or in the stem. In cedar, δ13CR did not vary significantly throughout organs and seasons, with respired CO2 being 13C-depleted relative to δ13CB. Shoot δ13CR was positively related to leaf starch concentration in maple, while stem δ13CR was inversely related to stem growth. These relations were not significant for oak or cedar. The variability in δ13CR suggests (i) different contributions of respiratory pathways between organs and (ii) seasonality in the respiratory substrate and constitutive compounds for wood formation in deciduous species, less apparent in evergreen cedar, whose respiratory metabolism might be less variable.