bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of mitochondrial dynamics in the pathophysiology of endometriosis
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Matsubara Sho , Yoshimoto Chiharu , Shigetomi Hiroshi , Imanaka Shogo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimEndometriosis is a chronic disease of reproductive age, associated with pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriotic cells adapt to changing environments such as oxidative stress and hypoxia in order to survive. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the pathogenesis of endometriosis, focusing primarily on the molecular basis of energy metabolism, redox homeostasis, and mitochondrial function, and discuss perspectives on future research directions.MethodsPapers published up to March 31, 2023 in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases were included in this narrative literature review.ResultsMitochondria serve as a central hub sensing a multitude of physiological processes, including energy production and cellular redox homeostasis. Under hypoxia, endometriotic cells favor glycolysis and actively produce pyruvate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and other metabolites for cell proliferation. Mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics may regulate the phenotypic plasticity of cellular energy metabolism, that is, aerobic glycolysis or OXPHOS. Endometriotic cells have been reported to have reduced mitochondrial numbers, increased lamellar cristae, improved energy efficiency, and enhanced cell proliferation and survival. Increased mitochondrial fission and fusion turnover by hypoxic and normoxic conditions suggests an activation of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms. Recently, candidate molecules that influence mitochondrial dynamics have begun to be identified.ConclusionThis review suggests that unique energy metabolism and redox homeostasis driven by mitochondrial dynamics may be linked to the pathophysiology of endometriosis. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics in endometriosis.
Insomnia and REM sleep instability
Authors: Feige Bernd , Benz Fee , Dressle Raphael J. , Riemann Dieter 
Published: September 2023

SummaryIn this narrative review, we give an overview of the concept of rapid eye movement sleep instability and its reported implications in the context of insomnia. The term rapid eye movement sleep instability was coined to describe the observation of a modified rapid eye movement quality in insomnia, characterized by an increased tendency of perceiving rapid eye movement sleep as wake, a small but consistent rapid eye movement sleep reduction and an increased rapid eye movement sleep arousal index. Current research highlights relationships that are transdiagnostic in nature, corresponding to the known interaction of insomnia with many psychiatric disorders, and showing relationships to chronic stress and anxiety disorders.
Efficacy of an elemental diet in achieving clinical remission in dogs with chronic enteropathy
Authors: Manchester Alison C. , Dow Steven , Chow Lyndah , Gagne Jason , Lappin Michael R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiet may induce clinical remission in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE). Elemental diets (EDs), providing protein as amino acids, modulate intestinal immunity and microbiome in rodents and humans.HypothesisEvaluate the impact of an amino acid‐based kibble (EL) on CE clinical activity and gastrointestinal (GI)‐relevant variables.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs (n = 23) with inadequately controlled CE.MethodsProspective, uncontrolled clinical trial. Diagnostic evaluation including upper and lower GI endoscopy was performed before study entry. Canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI), serum biomarkers, and fecal microbiome were evaluated before and after 2 weeks of EL. Dogs with stable or improved CE remained in the study for another 6 weeks. Pre‐ and post‐EL clinical and microbiological variables were compared statistically using a mixed model.ResultsAfter 2 weeks of EL, 15 of 22 dogs (68%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 47%‐84%) consuming the diet were classified as responders with a median (range) decrease in CCECAI from 6 (3‐12) to 2 (0‐9; P < .001). Fourteen of 15 responders and 2/7 nonresponders at 2 weeks completed the trial; all 16 were experiencing adequate control at week 8 with a median CCECAI of 2 (0‐3). In total, 16/23 dogs (70%; 95% CI, 49%‐84%) were responders. Feeding EL caused shifts in fecal bacterial communities, which differed between responders and nonresponders. Serum biomarker concentrations were unchanged throughout the study apart from serum alkaline phosphatase activity.ConclusionsExclusive feeding of EL improved clinical signs in 16 of 23 dogs with uncontrolled CE. Fecal microbiome shifts were associated with response to diet and may represent a mechanism for clinical improvement.
Occupational stigma consciousness and professional commitment among Chinese nursing students: Path analysis of survey data
Authors: Chen Jiamin , Cui Yuhao , Qi Lidong , Liu Yun , Yang Liping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPervasive stigma exists around nursing in Chinese society and can affect nursing students' commitment to the profession. Based on the resource conservation theory, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between occupational stigma consciousness and psychological empowerment in nursing students' professional commitment in China. Data were collected from November 2021 to May 2022, and 1189 nursing students participated in the study. Occupational stigma consciousness, professional commitment, and psychological empowerment were assessed using a questionnaire. The path analysis indicated that occupational stigma consciousness negatively predicted professional commitment (β = −0.127, p < 0.001) and psychological empowerment (β = −0.329, p < 0.001), and psychological empowerment mediated the relationship between occupational stigma consciousness and professional commitment. To resist occupational stigma consciousness and improve nursing students' professional commitment, nursing policies and education should focus on improving psychological empowerment.
Frailty, psychological well‐being, and social isolation in older adults with cognitive impairment during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic: data from the GeroCovid initiative
Authors: Terziotti Camilla , Ceolin Chiara , Devita Maria , Raffaelli Cecilia , Antenucci Sara , Bazzano Salvatore , Capasso Andrea , Castellino Manuela , Signore Stefania Del , Lubian Francesca , Maiotti Mariangela , Monacelli Fiammetta , Mormile Maria Teresa , Sgarito Claudia , Vella Filomena , Sergi Giuseppe , Gareri Pietro , Trevisan Caterina , Bellio Andrea , Fini Filippo , Malara Alba , Mossello Enrico , Fumagalli Stefano , Volpato Stefano , Monzani Fabio , Bellelli Giuseppe , Zia Gianluca , Incalzi Raffaele Antonelli , Coin Alessandra 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe containment measures linked to the COVID‐19 pandemic negatively affected the phyco‐physical well‐being of the population, especially older adults with neurocognitive disorders (NCDs). This study aims to evaluate whether the frailty of NCD patients was associated with different changes in multiple health domains, in particular in relation to loneliness and social isolation, pre‐ and post‐lockdown.Materials and MethodsPatients were recruited from 10 Italian Centers for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia. Data were collected in the pre‐pandemic period (T0), during the pandemic lockdown (T1), and 6–9 months post‐lockdown (T2). The UCLA Loneliness Scale‐3, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental ADL (IADL), Mini‐Mental State Examination, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were administered. Caregivers' burden was also tested. Patients were categorized as non‐frail, pre‐frail, and frail according to the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illness, and Loss of Weight scale.ResultsThe sample included 165 subjects (61.9% women, mean age 79.5 ± 4.9 years). In the whole sample, the ADL, IADL, and NPI scores significantly declined between T0 and T2. There were no significative variations in functional and cognitive domains between the frail groups. During lockdown we recorded higher Depression Anxiety Stress Scales and Perceived Stress Scale scores in frail people. In multivariable logistic regression, frailty was associated with an increase in social isolation, and a loss of IADL.ConclusionsWe observed a global deterioration in functional and neuro‐psychiatric domains irrespective of the degree of frailty. Frailty was associated with the worsening of social isolation during lockdown. Frail patients and their caregivers seemed to experience more anxiety and stress disorders during SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic.
A Fair Comparison: Women's and Men's Farms at Seven Scales in the United States☆
Authors: Dentzman Katherine , Lewin Paul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSuccessful farms—in the public imagination, agricultural policy, and more—tend to be highly profitable and operate at extremely large scales. Research has shown that women are less likely to operate these types of farms, possibly due to their preferences and lifestyle choices. There is evidence, however, that these gaps are additionally the result of differences in access to resources due to gender discrimination. Patterns of inequity in land inheritance and other resources limit women's farm size and choice of crops, and thus their opportunities to farm at larger, more profitable scales. Nonetheless, women farmers also employ creative strategies to make farming work for them. Our study uses 2017 Census of Agriculture data to compare women and men farmers at 7 different farm scales, revealing gendered strategies and comparing men and women farmers on equal footing. This presents a more nuanced picture of women's participation in farming at various scales. Overall, we find that within farm scales, women are often doing just as well as men—usually with fewer or different resources and approaches. Women's unbalanced representation at each farm scale, however, helps to explain why women are not always envisioned as “real farmers” in the popular conscience.
Cultural Consensus Modeling to identify culturally relevant reasons for and against suicide among Black adolescents
Authors: Hill Ryan M. , Busby Danielle , Brown Jennifer L. , Sumlin Eric , Fernandez Estefania , Sharp Carla 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe development of evidence‐based treatments relies on accurate theoretical frameworks sensitive to the lived realities of the populations from which they are derived. Yet, the perspectives of Black youth are vastly underrepresented in extant theories of suicidal behavior. Cultural Consensus Modeling provides an evidence‐based approach for developing a culturally informed understanding of suicide risk among Black youth.MethodParticipants were 50 Black adolescents (Mage = 16.20 years; 76.0% male) who completed Phase 1 of a Cultural Consensus Modeling study. Participants freely listed reasons for suicide and reasons for living among similar peer Black youth. Responses were synthesized and coded for major themes.ResultsThe most common reasons for suicide were racism (40%), depression (32%), poverty (26%), and bullying (22%). The most common reasons for living were family (58%), having a purpose or goals (36%), friends (30%), and hope for a better future (26%).ConclusionResponses highlighted issues of racism and social justice, depression, and poverty, as well as the protective role of relationships, living for the future, and contributing to Black empowerment. Future research should utilize Cultural Consensus Modeling to elevate the voices of Black youth, improving extant theories of suicide, and identifying unique mechanisms or opportunities for prevention.
Current practices and perceived effectiveness of polynucleotides for treatment of facial erythema by cosmetic physicians
Authors: Lee Dagyeong , Kim Michael J. , Park Hyun Jun , Rah Gong Chan , Choi Hosung , Anh Sang‐Tae , Ji Gun Hyon , Kim Min Seong , Kim Geebum , Shin Dong Wook , Oh Seung Min 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPolynucleotides (PN) are increasingly used for the treatment of facial erythema in the Republic of Korea. However, there are limited pre‐clinical and clinical data on the efficacy of polynucleotides for facial erythema. In this study, we investigated the current practice and perceived effectiveness of polynucleotide treatment for facial erythema among cosmetic physicians.MethodsBy conducting a survey among clinicians who use PN in clinical practice, we explored the current practices and assessed the perceived effectiveness of polynucleotides in treating facial erythema.ResultsA total of 557 physicians who used polynucleotides for facial erythema participated in the survey. Polynucleotides were used by 84.4%, 66.4%, and 47.4% of physicians for facial erythema caused by inflammatory facial dermatosis, repeated laser/microneedle radiofrequency, and steroid overuse, respectively. Among those users, 88.1%, 90%, and 83.7% respectively in those same categories answered that polynucleotides were “highly effective” or “effective.” Furthermore, they agreed that polynucleotides have the following properties: wound healing/regeneration (95.8%), protection of skin barrier (92.2%), hydration (90.5%), vascular stabilization (81.0%), and anti‐inflammation (79.5%).ConclusionOur findings showed that cosmetic physicians in the Republic of Korea have used PN as a part of combination treatment for facial erythema resulting from inflammatory facial dermatosis and repeated laser/ microneedle radiofrequency, rather than from steroid overuse. Also, most clinicians agreed that PN was effective for treatment of facial erythema. Given the lack of pre‐clinical and clinical trial evidence, the empirical responses of practicing physicians provide useful information to guide clinical practice and further research.
Numerical Investigation of Friction Induced Interaction of Flutter Modes in a Realistic Low Pressure Turbine Rotor
Authors: Rodríguez-Blanco Salvador , González-Monge Javier , Martel Carlos 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Flutter response of bladed disks is a quite an important problem in modern designs of low pressure turbines, but, even for tuned configurations, it is not fully understood yet. Some research work suggests that, in a tuned rotor, the flutter induced vibration state that sets in consists of just a single traveling wave mode, while others show flutter states composed of several traveling waves active at the same time. Many of these studies were performed using conceptual models, such as mass-spring systems or asymptotically reduced models. In this work, a high fidelity bladed disk model is integrated into the time domain for the case of a realistic aerodynamically unstable low pressure turbine. In this configuration, the only nonlinear effect is the friction present at the blade disk attachment, which is responsible for the saturation of the flutter growth, and it is also the only mechanism that allows the interaction among the different unstable traveling wave modes. A case with multiple unstable modes of the same modal family is studied first. After that, the study is extended to a case where modes of different modal families are unstable and have similar aerodynamic instability levels. The interaction of unstable modes from different modal families is studied, we believe, for the first time, as previous flutter analyses were restricted to the interaction of unstable modes from the same family.
The Development and Use of a Natural Gas/Oxygen Burner Rig for Environmental Barrier Coating and Ceramic Matrix Composite Technology Maturation
Authors: Presby Michael J. , Endo Makoto , Fox Dennis S. , Harder Bryan J. , Lee Kang N. , Hoffman Leland C. , Cuy Michael D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work outlines the development of a new natural gas/oxygen (NG/O2) fueled combustion rig located at the NASA Glenn Research Center for high-temperature environmental durability studies of advanced materials and components at atmospheric pressure. The NG/O2 burner rig can simulate the high-temperature, high-heat flux, and high-velocity thermal environments encountered in gas turbine engines. It also provides the capability to study environmental effects such as water vapor and other foreign contaminants relevant to these applications. The rig is anticipated to bridge the gap between other laboratory methods such as furnaces, jet-fueled burner rigs, high-heat flux lasers, and more expensive engine rig testing. The NG/O2 rig is expected to have maximum sample temperature capabilities over 3000 °F (1649 °C) and results in higher water vapor content compared to our Mach 0.3 to Mach 1.0 jet-A burner rigs which is important for characterizing current and next-generation environmental barrier coatings. This paper will provide an overview of the development of the NG/O2 burner rig, initial characterization, and current research and development efforts on environmental barrier coated ceramic matrix composites.
Exploring the cellular surface polysaccharide and root nodule symbiosis characteristics of the
rpoN
mutants of
Bradyrhizobium
sp. DOA9 using synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy in conjunction with X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Wongdee Jenjira , Piromyou Pongdet , Songwattana Pongpan , Greetatorn Teerana , Boonkerd Nantakorn , Teaumroong Neung , Giraud Eric , Gully Djamel , Nouwen Nico , Kiatponglarp Worawikunya , Tanthanuch Waraporn , Tittabutr Panlada 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

The functional significance of
rpoN
genes that encode two sigma factors in the
Bradyrhizobium
sp. strain DOA9 has been reported to affect colony formation, root nodulation characteristics, and symbiotic interactions with
Aeschynomene americana. rpoN
mutant strains are defective in cellular surface polysaccharide (CSP) production compared with the wild-type (WT) strain, and they accordingly exhibit smaller colonies and diminished symbiotic effectiveness. To gain deeper insights into the changes in CSP composition and the nodules of
rpoN
mutants, we employed synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. FTIR analysis of the CSP revealed the absence of specific components in the
rpoN
mutants, including lipids, carboxylic groups, polysaccharide-pyranose rings, and β-galactopyranosyl residues. Nodules formed by DOA9WT exhibited a uniform distribution of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates; mutant strains, particularly DOA9∆
rpoNp
:Ω
rpoNc
, exhibited decreased distribution uniformity and a lower concentration of C=O groups. Furthermore, Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analyses revealed deficiencies in the nitrogenase enzyme in the nodules of DOA9∆
rpoNc
and DOA9∆
rpoNp
:Ω
rpoNc
mutants; nodules from DOA9WT and DOA9∆
rpoNp
exhibited both leghemoglobin and the nitrogenase enzyme.

IMPORTANCE

This work provides valuable insights into how two
rpoN
genes affect the composition of cellular surface polysaccharides (CSPs) in
Bradyrhizobium
sp., which subsequently dictates root nodule chemical characteristics and nitrogenase production. We used advanced synchrotron methods, including synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), for the first time in this field to analyze CSP components and reveal the biochemical changes occurring within nodules. These cutting-edge techniques confer significant advantages by providing detailed molecular information, enabling the identification of specific functional groups, chemical bonds, and biomolecule changes. This research not only contributes to our understanding of plant-microbe interactions but also establishes a foundation for future investigations and potential applications in this field. The combined use of the synchrotron-based FTIR and XAS techniques represents a significant advancement in facilitating a comprehensive exploration of bacterial CSPs and their implications in plant-microbe interactions.
Astaxanthin prevents nephrotoxicity through Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Authors: Lorestani Faezeh , Movahedian Ahmad , Mohammadalipour Adel , Hashemnia Mohammad , Aarabi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: September 2023

Renal toxicity is one of the side effects of methotrexate (MTX). Therefore, this study explored the use of astaxanthin (AST), as a natural carotenoid, against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity emphasizing the changes in oxidative stress and the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 ( Nrf2/HO-1). During the 10 days of the experiment, male Wistar rats in different groups received MTX (10 mg/kg) on days 6, 8, and 10 and three doses of AST (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg) during the entire course. Renal failure caused by MTX was observed in significant histopathological changes and a significant increase in serum levels of creatinine, urea, and uric acid ( p < 0.05). Oxidative change induced by MTX injection was also observed by remarkably increasing the tissue level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase ( p < 0.001). AST decreases the adverse effects of MTX by upregulating the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 genes ( p < 0.01) and decreasing the tissue level of MDA ( p < 0.01). Also, AST significantly reduced the amount of creatinine, urea, and uric acid in the serum and improved the activity of SOD and catalase in the kidney tissue ( p < 0.05). Thus, AST may protect the kidney against oxidative stress caused by MTX.
A prospective insight into the reproduction of Sternbergia clusiana K. Gawl.: an endangered species
Authors: Ghehsareh Masood Ghasemi , Mahdavi Sayyed Mohammad Ehsan , Peyrovan Abbas , Nafchi Mehdi Ghasemi , Dunn Bruce L. 
Published: September 2023

Sternbergia clusiana (SC) is a bulbous plant having an alluring ornamental flower, medicinal properties, and an endangered status due to climate-change ecology. However, the methods of propagation for conserving this notable species have been neglected. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on SC regeneration by virtue of a asexual propagation method, with the intention of preserving this endangered species from extinction. In this regard, having collected the bulbs from a wild habitat, bulbs were cut in accordance with the chipping technique. Thereafter, pieces were treated with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 250, 500, and 1000 mg·L−1, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 100, 250, and 500 mg·L−1, putrescine (PU) at 50, 100, and 200 mg·L−1, BAP and NAA combination, BAP and PU combination, and a control. Pieces were then transferred into primary and terminal growing media under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, respectively. Next, the number, length, width, and weight of bulbs were determined. The greatest bulb number (2.10 counts), bulb length (26.75 mm), bulb width (16.25 mm), and bulb weight (3.13 g) were observed in the PU treatments. In addition, the results showed that even though the treated bulbs with BAP and PU combinations had preferable performance generally, the results were inconsistent. Taken together, this research indicates that utilizing asexual propagation along with PGRs, in the proper dosage, can serve as a mechanism to protect the endangered geophyte from extinction in nature.
Gravitationally decoupled non-Schwarzschild black holes and wormhole space–times
Authors: Tello-Ortiz Francisco , Rincón Ángel , Alvarez A. , Ray Saibal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this article, using gravitational decoupling by means of minimal geometric deformation approach, we obtain a new spherically symmetric and static black hole solution. To progress, we close the system by assuming that the average pressure of the $$\theta $$
θ
-sector is vanishing. Also, we tackle the problem regarding how, for a given minimally deformed black hole solution, one can connect it to a wormhole space–time.