bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Latin-American Registry of Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19: Final Results
Authors: Gómez-Mesa Juan Esteban , Galindo Stephania , Escalante-Forero Manuela , Rodas Yorlany , Valencia Andrea , Perna Eduardo , Romero Alexander , Mendoza Iván , Wyss Fernando , Barisani José Luis , Speranza Mario , Alarco Walter , Flórez Noel Alberto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 is a global disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients with a severe or critical illness can develop respiratory and cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to describe a Latin American and Caribbean (LA&C) population with COVID-19 to provide information related to this disease, in-hospital cardiovascular complications and in-hospital mortality.MethodsThe CARDIO COVID-19-20 Registry is an observational, multicenter, ambispective, and hospital-based registry of patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection that required in-hospital treatment in LAC. Enrollment of patients started on May 01, 2020, and ended on June 30, 2021.ResultsThe CARDIO COVID-19-20 Registry included 3260 patients from 44 institutions of 14 LA&C countries. 63.2% patients were male and median age was 61.0 years old. Most common comorbidities were overweight/obesity (49.7%), hypertension (49.0%), and diabetes mellitus (26.7%). Most frequent cardiovascular complications were cardiac arrhythmia (9.1%), decompensated heart failure (8.5%), and pulmonary embolism (3.9%). 53.5% of patients were admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and median length of stay at the ICU was 10.0 days. Support required in ICU included invasive mechanical ventilation (34.2%), vasopressors (27.6%), inotropics (10.3%) and vasodilators (3.7%). Rehospitalization after 30-day post discharge was 7.3%. In-hospital mortality and 30-day post discharge was 25.5% and 2.6%, respectively.ConclusionsThe LA&C population with COVID-19 patients and hospitalization, has a considerable burden of cardiovascular diseases related to a worse prognosis. It is necessary to carry out a more specific analysis to determine risk factors for cardiovascular outcome.
Capturing invisibility: child welfare social worker's interventions and assessment planning in presentations of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder(s)
Authors: Curran William C. , Danbrook Matt C. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Child welfare services (CWSs) globally continue to absorb high rates of children living with or suspected of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Such high prevalence rates render CWS with major ethical and moral dilemmas of meeting complex needs. Currently, many jurisdictions are challenged by diagnostic capacity and cost implications of formal FASD diagnosis. This paper aims to recommend a screening protocol to address management gap between FASD initial presentation and formal diagnosis.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a follow-up paper from a grounded-theory study of a sample (N = 18) of child welfare social workers (CWSWs), allied health professionals and foster parents. A stepwise protocol was developed through systematical interpretation of the final data.

Findings
The application of a five-step screening protocol would greatly support CWSW in meeting the needs of children with suspected FASD. This CWSWs-led assessment model incorporates a clinical evaluation to exclude neurodevelopmental conditions caused by known genetic disorders, followed by behavioral and neurocognitive psychosocial assessments.

Research limitations/implications
This study had several limitations. Firstly, as a specific social work-based sample, it is not necessarily representative of the wider population of social workers globally due to different cultural responses to FASD in CWSs. The transferability of findings will have to be considered due to cultural variations concerning FASD.

Practical implications
By offering a management and nonlabeling approach, this five-step screening protocol offers a delineated pathway for CWSW and addresses the major professional frustrations while seeking to plan safe care for a child suspected of having FASD.

Social implications
The research offers a pragmatic low-cost to society to alleviate the mounting social and monetary implications of FASD. A large percentage of children impacted by prenatal alcohol exposure do not qualify under formal clinical diagnostic guidelines. Leaving these children without intervention is problematic. The recommendation of this study addresses this critical gap in services. The primary aim is to alleviate the burden on this cohort of vulnerable children by offering nonlabeling neurodevelopmental screening.

Originality/value
The direct implications of FASD and how it impacts CWS are well documented. However, few studies focus on the critical interface of FASD and the role of CWSW responsible for planning their safe care. This paper offers a novel pragmatic and functional multistep protocol to aid CWSW in this complex area of practice.
Establishing ties or strengthening friendships? Students' use of online social networks in intercultural friendship development
Authors: Yu Baohua , Leung Yick Wah 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThis study was conducted to achieve the following objectives: (1) determine the differences and reasons for using outgroup OSNs by gender, age and student groups (Mainland and Hong Kong [HK] students); (2) uncover the impact of online social networks (OSNs) on the development of Mainland–HK friendships and (3) determine the roles of different OSNs (social networking sites [SNSs] and instant messaging platforms [IMPs]) in the development of intercultural friendships in the real world.Design/methodology/approachTo explore how OSNs facilitate (or inhibit) intercultural interactions, 198 students completed a questionnaire and 24 students participated in follow-up semi-structured interviews examining the role of OSNs in intercultural friendship development.FindingsResults revealed that demographic and motivational preferences for using outgroup-OSNs differed among students. Both IMPs and SNSs helped students maintain friendships using little effort, whereas it tended to strengthen their existing social networks, rather than helping to start new friendships. IMPs helped develop a sense of “presence awareness”, strengthening pre-existing friendships and solidifying offline connections. SNSs also assisted students in exploring their shared interests while revealing their values and cultural differences.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors’ findings offered empirical evidence on social exchange theory and anxiety-uncertainty management theory regarding the perceived benefit of OSNs on students' friendship development.Practical implicationsThe study sheds light on the differences between Mainland Chinese and HK students, including participants' perceptions of different friendship stages.Originality/valueThis study is interested in the roles of different SNSs and IMPs in intercultural friendship development, especially their strengths and weaknesses as perceived by students. Also, the authors are curious about how students select and use IMPs and SNSs differently according to their individual preferences and needs. To the authors’ knowledge, the dynamic link between online communication and intercultural friendship development has not been thoroughly examined in the field of intercultural communication.
Teacher role of learners in a mobile learning environment: practice in higher education
Authors: Chen Sheng 
Published: March 2023

PurposeAvailable research on mobile learning all stand on the viewpoint of teachers. However, as mobile learning is learner-centric, learners' roles must be understood clearly from the learners' viewpoint, particularly considering its self-directed learning feature. It is well-known learners for self-directed learning must bear some teachers' core responsibilities. The knowledge gap on this important issue inspires the present work which tries to answer two questions: which “teacher roles” can learners play and how will learners play their “teacher roles” in a mobile learning context. This study aims to discuss the aforementioned objectives.Design/methodology/approachA novel research approach integrating an action research model and a teaching presence scale analysis is proposed to answer the questions. The mobile learning courses conducted by the present authors for engineering undergraduate students, during the COVID-19 pandemic, provided the experimental data for this study.FindingsThe experimental results reveal that the learners could play a number of “teacher roles” actively for mobile learning. Some of this research studies are consistent with available studies but a discrepancy is also observed. Discussion is conducted for such discrepancy.Originality/valueThe findings will contribute to improve the pedagogy of mobile learning theoretically and practically.
Brain science in American courts: the culpable neurotransmitters
Authors: Brewer Janet K. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse how novel homicide defences predicated on contemporary neuroscience align with legal insanity.

Design/methodology/approach
Doctrinal analysis, systematic investigation of relevant statutes and cases, was used to elucidate how the law of insanity is evolving. Cases represent the first recorded instance of a particular neuroscientific defence. US appellate cases were categorised according to the mechanism of action of neurotransmitter relied upon in court. A case study approach was also used to provide a contextualised understanding of the case outcome in depth.

Findings
Findings broadly depict how the employment of expert testimony runs parallel with our contemporary understanding of key neurotransmitters and their function in human behaviour. Generally, medico-legal evidence concerning neuromodulating agents and violent behaviour was inconclusive. However, the outcome of defence strategy may depend on the underlying neurotransmitter involved.

Practical implications
This study shows that as more discoveries are made about the neurobiological underpinnings of human behaviour; this new knowledge will continue to seep into the US court system as innovative defence strategies with varying success. Medical and legal practitioners may gauge the success of a defence depending on the neuromodulating agent.

Originality/value
Many scholars have focused on the role of neuroimaging as neuroscientific evidence and how it is used is shaping US criminal jurisprudence. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no study has incorporated the true origin of neuroscientific evidence as being underpinned by the understanding of neurotransmitters.
Conservation at the National Library of Greece: the transition's aftermath
Authors: Gkinni Zoitsa , Sarris Nikolas 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThe National Library of Greece (NLG) was founded in 1832 and since 1903 it had been housed at the Vallianeio building, a landmark in the center of Athens. With a history of nearly two centuries and significant collections, the library moved its headquarters to its new building at the Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center in 2018. This transfer marks its transition to a new era, a restart for the library and an opportunity for upgrades, improvements and expansion of its services, redefinition of its role and connection to society. In this context, the conservation department contributed greatly to this program, to the successful transfer of collections and paved the way for its upgraded role at its new facilities.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reflects on the transition program and part of the projects executed, in terms of expectations and the new reality, under the scope of conservation of collections'. With a critical view, the authors present the Conservation Department's contribution during relocation and the transition's aftermath on the reality of their everyday professional routine.FindingsConservators' role emerged during this transition. Lessons learned, new challenges, opportunities and growth in conservation actions, improved communication with departmental liaisons; and targeted communication with the public and end users.Practical implicationsThe NLG designed and undertook a broad and complicated transition program under a collaborative scheme between the public and private sectors. Time, budget and human resource limitations did not allow for in-depth documentation and research on the collection status prior to transfer.Originality/valueThe transition of the NLG was a multidimensional program with short and long-term outcomes. The project design and on time and budget execution provided a new set of standards and services for the library and re-established its connections with the public. As such, this case study can contribute to a better understanding and management of actions and expectations in related large-scale projects.
Speicherverbund Nord - A regional print archiving cooperative in northern Germany
Authors: Herkt-Januschek Claudius 
Published: March 2023

PurposeSpeicherverbund Nord is a print archiving cooperative of seven academic libraries from Northern Germany. Its scope is the shared archiving of print serials with multiple holdings. This article presents the history and key events from the start of the initiative till today and gives a report of the main questions and fundamental decisions and definitions that have been made during the process.Design/methodology/approachThe approach of Speicherverbund Nord is to identify a common stock of journal titles and to assign one site each to be responsible of future archiving. The local capacities are exploited to establish a joint archiving environment.FindingsSpeicherverbund Nord is a pragmatic, not too complex cooperative for shared archiving. It has reached a stable routine operation since four years now and gains a small but steady output of archive commitments that is focused on key areas. Additional resources are not required.Practical implicationsThe cooperation partner can share the loads of archiving, gain freedom for weeding out print stocks and implement a framework to identify and document archive titles. Foreign libraries can find and rely on the archiving commitments, too. With its efforts Speicherverbund Nord has come to be a kind of precursor for other archiving initiatives in Germany.Originality/valueThe cooperative is the first of its kind in Germany. As it is a regional initiative for Northern Germany, other regional initiatives can follow.
A systematic review of socio-technical gender bias in AI algorithms
Authors: Hall Paula , Ellis Debbie 
Published: March 2023

PurposeGender bias in artificial intelligence (AI) should be solved as a priority before AI algorithms become ubiquitous, perpetuating and accentuating the bias. While the problem has been identified as an established research and policy agenda, a cohesive review of existing research specifically addressing gender bias from a socio-technical viewpoint is lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the social causes and consequences of, and proposed solutions to, gender bias in AI algorithms.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive systematic review followed established protocols to ensure accurate and verifiable identification of suitable articles. The process revealed 177 articles in the socio-technical framework, with 64 articles selected for in-depth analysis.FindingsMost previous research has focused on technical rather than social causes, consequences and solutions to AI bias. From a social perspective, gender bias in AI algorithms can be attributed equally to algorithmic design and training datasets. Social consequences are wide-ranging, with amplification of existing bias the most common at 28%. Social solutions were concentrated on algorithmic design, specifically improving diversity in AI development teams (30%), increasing awareness (23%), human-in-the-loop (23%) and integrating ethics into the design process (21%).Originality/valueThis systematic review is the first of its kind to focus on gender bias in AI algorithms from a social perspective within a socio-technical framework. Identification of key causes and consequences of bias and the breakdown of potential solutions provides direction for future research and policy within the growing field of AI ethics.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-08-2021-0452
Stock price crashes in China: an artificial neural network approach
Authors: Wang Le , Zou Liping , Wu Ji 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to use artificial neural network (ANN) methods to predict stock price crashes in the Chinese equity market.

Design/methodology/approach
Three ANN models are developed and compared with the logistic regression model.

Findings
Results from this study conclude that the ANN approaches outperform the traditional logistic regression model, with fewer hidden layers in the ANN model having superior performance compared to the ANNs with multiple hidden layers. Results from the ANN approach also reveal that foreign institutional ownership, financial leverage, weekly average return and market-to-book ratio are the important variables when predicting stock price crashes, consistent with results from the traditional logistic model.

Originality/value
First, the ANN framework has been used in this study to forecast the stock price crashes and compared to the traditional logistic model in the world’s largest emerging market China. Second, the receiver operating characteristics curves and the area under the ROC curve have been used to evaluate the forecasting performance between the ANNs and the traditional approaches, in addition to some traditional performance evaluation methods.
Experiential research as a methodological framework for studying consumer behaviors in phygital settings
Authors: Batat Wided 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
In this viewpoint article, the author proposes “experiential research” as a comprehensive and integrative methodological framework researchers can apply for data collection and analysis in a hybrid setting: “phygital,” combining physical places and digital spaces. This thought piece aims to advance existing research methodology frameworks by proposing a comprehensive methodological framework that allows marketing researchers to examine consumer behaviors in phygital settings.

Design/methodology/approach
An experiential research methodology framework is proposed by reviewing existing methodologies, along with considering the phygital as a new consumption context. The proposed framework can help marketing researchers use multiple data collection processes to create rich insights and develop an in-depth understanding of consumer behaviors in hybrid settings, such as the phygital.

Findings
The experiential research framework emphasizes the shift in methodological thinking by considering four main types of methods – i.e. experiential screening, experiential interaction, experiential immersion and experiential reflexivity – marketing researchers can use to examine consumer behaviors in phygital settings.

Originality/value
By embracing experiential research as a more flexible and adaptable methodological framework to examine phygital settings, marketing and consumer behavior scholars can develop deep knowledge of the examined phenomenon while shifting from online to offline fields, and inversely.
A secreted phospholipase A2 (BmsPLA2) regulates melanization of immunity through BmDDC in the silkworm Bombyx mori
Authors: Li Tian , Wang Gemin , He Wei , Li Guiqin , Wang Chunyang , Zhao Jiamei , Chen Pan , Guo Meiwei , Chen Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInsect immune‐associated phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is an important target of pathogen invasion. Melanization, an effective defense response, has significant correlations with other immune responses to coordinate immune attack against invaders. However, the effect of PLA2 on melanization has not yet been reported in insects or other arthropods. In this work, we cloned a PLA2 gene (BmsPLA2), and its protein had characteristic features of secreted PLA2 (sPLA2). After injection of bacteria, BmsPLA2 expression and sPLA2 activity in hemolymph significantly increased. BmsPLA2 fluorescence was transferred from the cytoplasm to the cell membranes of circulating hemocytes. These results indicated that BmsPLA2 was related to hemolymph immunity in silkworms. Interestingly, reducing BmsPLA2 by RNA interference decreased melanosis (melanistic hemocytes) levels in vivo and in vitro, while BmsPLA2 overexpression had the opposite effect. The larval survival and melanization rate in the hemocoel both slowed depending on the PLA2 inhibitor dosage. These results demonstrated that BmsPLA2 plays a role in melanization during the immune process of silkworms. Surprisingly, the level of BmDDC matched the degree of melanization in various observations. BmDDC expression showed a significant increase, with the peak occurring later than that of BmsPLA2 after injection of bacteria, implying that BmsPLA2 was activated prior to BmDDC. Moreover, the alteration of BmsPLA2 by RNA interference or overexpression led to altered BmDDC levels. These results suggested that BmsPLA2 regulates the melanization response in silkworms through BmDDC. Our study proposes a new regulatory mechanism of the melanization response and new directions for understanding the complex immune networks of insects.
Effects of roasting on the chemical compositions, color, aroma, microstructure, and the kinetics of changes in coffee pulp
Authors: Lu Tingting , Sun Yu , Huang Yuanyuan , Chen Xiumin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRoasting is a critical process that affects the quality attributes of coffee beans; however, how roasting conditions affect the physical, chemical, biological, and organoleptic changes of coffee pulp needs more research. In the present study, we investigated the effects of roasting temperatures and times on chemical compositions and quality attributes of coffee pulp. The results showed that the contents of total soluble sugar (TSS) and free amino acid (FAA) followed a temporal pattern of first increasing and then decreasing under the roasting temperatures between 100 and 160°C. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of coffee pulp significantly (p < 0.05) increased after roasting, reaching the maximum values of 83.09 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) /g and 360.45 µM 6‐hydroxy‐2,5,7,8‐tetramethylchroman‐2‐carboxylic acid (Trolox) /g, respectively, when coffee pulp was roasted at 160°C for 18 min. Drying rates of coffee pulp fitted the Logarithmic kinetic model, while color (L*, a*, and b*) changes and 5‐caffeoylquinic acid degradation followed the first‐order kinetic model. Electronic nose analysis showed that the main aroma compounds of the coffee pulp are sulfur‐containing organics that were reduced with the extended roasting time. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis presented the loosened, shrunk, and cracked microstructure on the surface of the roasted coffee pulp, which might contribute to the increased TSS, FAA, TPC, and antioxidant activity of coffee pulp roasted under specific conditions. In conclusion, our research provides valuable information for preparing high‐quality coffee pulp tea.Practical ApplicationThis article investigates the effects of roasting on the chemical composition, color, flavor, microstructure, and the kinetics of changes in the moisture, color, and 5‐caffeoylquinic acid (5‐CQA) of the coffee pulp. We have found that high‐temperature and short‐time roasting helps retain the total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, and aroma. The drying kinetic fits the Logarithmic model, and the changes in color and 5‐CQA fit the first‐order kinetic model. This study provides meaningful information for preparing coffee pulp tea with high‐quality attributes and antioxidant activity.