bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of Models Based on Sequence to Sequence for Neural Machine Translation Tasks
Authors: Lu JiaNing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
One of the most critical areas of Natural Language Processing study is machine translation, which realizes the translation process from source language to target language. After a rapid development, neural machine translation has become mainstream. Most of the tasks of natural language generation are implemented based on sequence to sequence model. The current technology of machine translation is the use of recurrent neural networks and attention mechanisms, which is essentially a set of encoding and decoding techniques. In order to handle the issue of excessive information compression introduced by decoder, attention mechanism is proposed. Transformer is also built with attention, which not only computes faster, but also achieves better results on translation tasks. In this paper, a series of comparison of these models and description of the performance on the dataset were shown.
Bioprotein Spectrum Availability Analysis Based on ANN
Authors: Pei Jialong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The most common way to analysis protein components is using mass spectrum, however there are errors cause in the operating process and made by equipment, some mass spectrometry images cannot be used for research as the image loses its original features or the features are covered by noise. To exclude unavailable image the equipment can use the method of ANN. ANN uses neural networks to find features of images, and automatically classify images. It successively adjusts parameters in the neural network and produces an output increasingly similar to the target output. This paper analyses the pre-train mass spectrometry of proteins from mouse organs and uses machine learning methods to judge the availability of these mass spectrometry. By using different optimizers and network structures and trying various hyper parameters, this study trained a model that has 85% precision when judging the availability of the mass spectrogram. In particular, it is very effective in excluding noisy images. This greatly reduces the time cost of manually judging the availability of images and it has a good classification effect.
Research on Coronary Heart Disease Indicators——Based on Machine Learning Model
Authors: Li Yimo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is a common and high-risk disease in clinical cardiology. The leading factor of this kind of heart disease is the atherosclerotic lesion of arteria coronary, which can lead to narrow or choke of the vascellum cavity and musculus cardiacus ischemia, anoxia or thanatosis. In this research, a clinical prediction model through artificial intelligence neural network is built, for instance, K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier, Nonlinear SVM, Random Forest, Gradient Boost, XG Boost, Ridge and so on to analyze the influence of each prediction variable on Coronary atherosclerotic heart. It can be observed that using the K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier algorithm the prediction accuracy of breast cancer reaches 90.16%.
ECG Heartbeat classification using deep transfer learning with Convolutional Neural Network and STFT technique
Authors: Cao Minh , Zhao Tianqi , Li Yanxun , Zhang Wenhao , Benharash Peyman , Ramezani Ramin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple non-invasive measure to identify heart-related issues such as irregular heartbeats known as arrhythmias. While artificial intelligence and machine learning is being utilized in a wide range of healthcare related applications and datasets, many arrhythmia classifiers using deep learning methods have been proposed in recent years. However, sizes of the available datasets from which to build and assess machine learning models is often very small and the lack of well-annotated public ECG datasets is evident. In this paper, we propose a deep transfer learning framework that is aimed to perform classification on a small size training dataset. The proposed method is to fine-tune a general-purpose image classifier ResNet-18 with MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset in accordance with the AAMI EC57 standard. This paper further investigates many existing deep learning models that have failed to avoid data leakage against AAMI recommendations. We compare how different data split methods impact the model performance. This comparison study implies that future work in arrhythmia classification should follow the AAMI EC57 standard when using any including MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset.
Evidence for multi-decadal fuel buildup in a large California wildfire from smoke radiocarbon measurements
Authors: Odwuor A , Yañez C C , Chen Y , Hopkins F M , Moreno A , Xu X , Czimczik C I , Randerson J T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in annual area burned in California’s Sierra Nevada mountains. This rise in fire activity has prompted the need to understand how historical forest management practices affect fuel composition and emissions. Here we examined the total carbon (TC) concentration and radiocarbon abundance (Δ14C) of particulate matter (PM) emitted by the KNP Complex Fire, which occurred during California’s 2021 wildfire season and affected several groves of giant sequoia trees in the southern Sierra Nevada. During a 26 h sampling period, we measured concentrations of fine airborne PM (PM2.5), as well as dry air mole fractions of carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4), using a ground-based mobile laboratory. We also collected filter samples of PM2.5 for analysis of TC concentration and Δ14C. High correlation among PM2.5, CO, and CH4 time series confirmed that our PM2.5 measurements captured variability in wildfire emissions. Using a Keeling plot approach, we determined that the mean Δ14C of PM2.5 was 111.6 ± 7.7‰ (n = 12), which was considerably enriched relative to atmospheric carbon dioxide in the northern hemisphere in 2021 (−3.2 ± 1.4‰). Combining these Δ14C data with a steady-state one-box ecosystem model, we estimated that the mean age of fuels combusted in the KNP Complex Fire was 40 years, with a range of 29–57 years. These results provide evidence for emissions originating from woody biomass, larger-diameter fine fuels, and coarse woody debris that have accumulated over multiple decades. This is consistent with independent field observations that indicate high fire intensity contributed to widespread giant sequoia mortality. With the expanded use of prescribed fires planned over the next decade in California to mitigate wildfire impacts, our measurement approach has the potential to provide regionally-integrated estimates of the effectiveness of fuel treatment programs.
Bioecology study of Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers) in the northern coastal area of Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Nalle Y P , Dahoklory N , Turupadang W 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Holothuroidea is one of the marine biotas with crucial economic value in Asia and is usually served fresh or dried in various cuisines. Although it has significant market demand, the potential of sea cucumbers in the northern part of Timor Island has yet to be investigated. This study was carried out to understand existing bioecological conditions and investigate the location’s suitability to support the development of sea cucumber farming in this area. The method employed in the bioecology study followed a line transect and quadrants perpendicular to the beach. Various water quality measurements were applied to quantify the location suitability index. The results observed four species in the Poanboun coastal area: Holothuria leucospilota, H. hilla, Bohadschia argus, and H. atra (the order indicates the highest to lowest density and abundance). The substrate types in the area were a combination of sandy, muddy sand, coral fragments, and surrounded sea grapes macroalgae. The region has a high location suitability index where secluded area, water depth and bed, temperature, salinity, pH, DO, and wave conditions are prime indicators to support the suitability, followed by water clarity and current as secondary (quite supportive indicators).
Potential economic value of non-wood forest products in agroforestry system at Gempolan Village, Kerjo District, Karanganyar Regency: an economic perspective
Authors: Indratna A D , Putri A P I K S , Azzahra E O , Oktavia M S , Widodo T , Agustina A , Pertiwi Y A B 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) are defined as any materials (non-timber) that can be utilized from the existence of the forest. Many types of NWFP were found in the community forest of Gempolan Village. All of the community forest in Gempolan Village developed by agroforestry system. The purpose of this study was to measure and assess the potential economic value of NWFPs produced in the community forest of Gempolan Village. The method used in determining the sample was proportionate random sampling. The data collection was carried out by field observations, interviews, and literature studies. Field observation was conducted in 38 community forests by making plots 40 × 25 m2. Furthermore, an interview was conducted with the owner of those community forests to obtain information on the NWFPs utilization. Data analysis was conducted by qualitative and quantitative descriptive. There were 36 types of NWFPs that were identified in this village. In the present study, only NWFPs that plants based are observed, such as durian, ginger, etc. Total economic value of NWFPs in Gempolan Village reached Rp.1,908,394,000.00/year. The highest potential economic value was found in durian Rp.875,000,000.00/year or similar to 45.9% of total economic value of NWFPs, followed by ginger and avocado. The commodities that showed the smallest contribution to the economic value of NWFPs in Gempolan Villages were betel leaf, pandanus leaf, suweg, and snake fruit.
Bird community to be developed for birdwatching in Buperta Cibubur Urban Forest, Jakarta
Authors: Marcellia  , Mardiastuti A , Mulyani Y A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The urban forest of Buperta Cibubur as a recreational and educational site can be developed for birdwatching. This study aims to identify the bird species in four tracks (ranging from 1.9-2.9 km across the built area, open area, 2 tracks in the sparse forest, and thick forest), and provide recommendations (tracks, timing, potential species found) for birdwatching activity. Bird data was collected in March-April 2022, using the standard point count method (replicated three times), in the early morning and late afternoon, totaling 90 observation hours. There were 39 species from 25 families found in all tracks. The thick forest and the built area had the highest number of species (both 27 species). The built area also had the highest bird abundance (1098 individuals). Meanwhile, sparse forest#2 had the least species (19). Some birds were common in all tracks, including Sooty-headed Bulbul, Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker, and Small Minivet. Other attractive and rare species found in the thick forest were the Blue-eared Kingfisher and Javan Blue-flycatcher. The most effective time to conduct birdwatching is suggested at 6-7 am and 4:30-5:30 pm, especially in built areas, forests, and open area tracks. As birdwatching is relatively new in Jakarta, while Buperta has a diverse bird species in the urban area, we recommend developing a birdwatching activity in Buperta.
Performance analysis of Aceh forest management units in Aceh’s Forest development
Authors: Hamid A H , Iriyani S , Setyarso A , Basri H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Forest management and utilization in Indonesia has mandated the establishment of a Forest Management Unit as a forest management unit at the site level. The roles and functions of the FMUs are expected to be able to synergize all the basic components of the operationalization of forestry development in the context of sustainability for social, economic and ecological. This study reviewed the performance of FMUs role in Aceh. The results of the assessment of 9 criteria produce a number in the form of an index. The index value determines the performance category of FMUs where the index of 2.34-3.00 showed high performance, 1.67-2.33 FMU showed moderate performance and 1.00-1.66 showed low performance. The results of the FMU’s performance assessment in Aceh showed the range from moderate to high performance. FMUs with moderate performance are FMU Region I, FMU Region II and FMU of Pocut Meurah Intan Grand Forest Park. The FMU that is categorized as High performance is the FMU Region III. The criteria that are focused on being directed at developing FMU’s performance are mainly on the criteria for the area stability, management plans, investment mechanisms and conflict resolution.
The application of gap planting technology to rehabilitate degraded natural forest
Authors: Elias  , Simangunsong B C H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In 2020 degraded forests in Indonesia reached 33.4 million ha. These forests must be rehabilitated. The purpose of this research was to show the application of gap planting technology to rehabilitate degraded natural forests. This improvement of forest regeneration methods by planting local intolerant tree species in gaps area was used. Artificial gaps area was designed and it’s location was adjusted to the topography and forest cover. The size of each gap area is 2,000 m2. The ratio of total gaps area to total natural forests area was about four to six. Open areas, soil density, forest fire risk, working time and cost of gap planting, and tree growth were studied. The results showed that after the gap planting: forest cover consists of 37.43% gap planting area and 62.57% natural forest area; forest soil is not compacted; the fire hazard rating in the gap and natural forests is low. Moreover, it is cost-effective and has positive impacts such as job creation for local communities and a productivity increase of rehabilitated forests. It is concluded that the gap planting technology was environment friendly technology, and it is recommended to be used for rehabilitation of degraded forests in Indonesia.
Comparison of Spodoptera frugiperda parasitoid performance under laboratory conditions
Authors: Sari A , Nurkomar I , Buchori D 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda is a newly discovered pest in Indonesia. S. frugiperda attacks can cause crop failure and significant losses. As a preventive control measure, research was conducted to determine the most effective parasitoid in controlling S. frugiperda. This research used egg parasitoids (Telenomus remus and Trichogramma chilotraeae) and larval parasitoids (Microplitis manilae). This research was done by exposing 50 eggs of S. frugiperda each to Telenomus and Trichogramma and ten larvae of S. frugiperda to M. manilae. Ten replication was made for each treatment. The parasitism rate, parasitization rate, and progenies’ sex ratio were all observed during the experiment. The results showed that the parasitism rate of T. remus and T. chilotraeae was higher than that of M. manilae. T. chilotraeae had the lowest parasitization rate compared to other parasitoids. The sex ratio of T. remus and T. chilotraeae was also better than that of M. manila, which had more male offspring than females.
Species richness, population, sex ratio and activities of hornbills inhabiting patches of forests in an oil palm plantation concession in Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan
Authors: Lubis M F A , Sawitri H I , Yusran ‘A , Ramadhan G F , Wahyudiyono M H S , Hernowo J B , Sahari B 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Well-maintained oil palm concessions with patches of natural ecosystems can be a home for Hornbills. This paper is mainly focused to evaluate the species richness and activities of the hornbill community inhabiting patches of forest in oil palm plantations in Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan. The ecological observation was focused on the largest forest patches, a total of 1 432 Ha. The data collected included species inventory and behavioral activities of hornbills. Hornbill activities were observed from 45 observation stations using the fixed radius point count method. Vegetation data were collected using a single plot method in 52 stations. Based on the vegetation survey, the number of plant species found was 151 species from 53 plant families. Dominant families are Moraceae and Euphorbiaceae with 14 species. The forest patches are used for foraging sites by hornbills, they fed on Ficus benjamina (Moraceae) and Ficus sp. (Moraceae). The favorite tree for roosting is Kompasia excelsa because the tree is around the Ficus benjamina and is an Emergent tree. Our results show that remnants of forest patches on oil palm plantations can provide spaces for hornbills’ activities which supports the sustainability of hornbills in the region.
Natural resource-based social conflict and principles of sustainable landscape approach: case study of kelola sendang project, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Kinseng R A , Buchori D , Alatas H , Tarigan S D , Zamani N P , Digdo A A , Idris K , Ardhian D , Mahmud A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Natural resource-based social conflicts tend to be more frequent lately, including in the Kelola Sendang project area. The Kelola Sendang Project (KS) is an effort to manage natural resources that guarantee its sustainability on the one hand, and ensure the welfare of its people fairly on the other. This KS project covers a vast area of 1.6 million ha and involve various stakeholders with different interests. The area is also contain a huge potency of social conflicts, both latent and manifest. Therefore, it is important to study the social conflicts in the Kelola Sendang area. This research use a qualitative approach. This study shows that resource-based conflicts in the project area are taken place between villagers, between villagers and corporation, as well as between villagers and government. The social conflicts are managed among others by implementing participatory mapping, social forestry, as well as inclusive and partnership with local community. Moreover, the study found 6 principles in sustainable landscape approach in KS. These six principles are: 1). clearly defined geographical boundary, 2). collaboration of all relevant actors, 3). existence of an “umbrella coordinating body”, 4). mutual benefits and inclusive, 5). complexity, and 6). political support. This principles can also be regarded as a mechanism of conflict management.
Nature and city in sync: a study on the carbon sequestration potential of urban trees in a brownfield redevelopment in FTI Complex, Taguig City, Philippines
Authors: Guzman J P M , Navarra N L 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Redevelopment of brownfields, such as former industrial sites, has the potential to adopt sustainable development strategies while retaining its cultural significance and adjunct with the UN Sustainable Development Goals for sustainable cities and communities. Increasing the carbon sequestration effect is one of the many ecosystem services provided by integrating trees acclimatized to urban environments. The study aims to determine how much total carbon sequestration potential can be achieved by the existing and newly-introduced trees in a brownfield redevelopment in FTI Complex, Taguig City, Philippines. It is a 74-hectare property, formerly an industrial food processing facility, turned into a mixed-use development. A tree inventory was created by mapping the existing trees pre-development, the lost trees due to land preparation, and the newly-introduced trees. The biomass values were assumed for one tree species, and the data resulted in a net gain corresponding to a 1,002% increase in carbon sequestration potential in a 50-year period. While still an ongoing development, trees take time to mature and there is a need to address carbon emissions before the trees reach their optimum carbon sequestration potential. Upon maturity, they will contribute to further improving the site’s ecosystem services, thereby making the former brownfield a sustainable development.
Integrating indigenous environmental and scientific knowledge for ecosystem-based adaptation of Muro Practices on Lembata Island
Authors: Ramadani D , Astari E , Digdo A A , Pulang P 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Previous studies argued that indigenous environmental knowledge was only part of local wisdom and tended to pay attention to the threat of its extinction. Indigenous environmental knowledge has not yet received recognition as an alternative perspective in dealing with the complexities of environmental management and climate change, along with the dominance of the western paradigm and current knowledge systems. This study aims to assemble the indigenous environmental knowledge systems of fisheries from communities along the coast of Lembata Island to assist in the conservation of marine ecosystems. Desk studies were used for information gathering, and the results were analyzed within the Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) framework. Our results indicate that local communities in Lembata island have Muro as a temporary closure measure to manage coastal resources initiated by indigenous people that are valuable for the local people and simultaneously benefit the coastal ecosystem, including biodiversity. The results have implications for considering indigenous environmental knowledge to maintain the balance and continuity of coastal ecosystems and the main foundation in natural resource management.
High-throughput bioprinting of the nasal epithelium using patient-derived nasal epithelial cells
Authors: Deniz Derman I , Yeo Miji , Castaneda Diana Cadena , Callender Megan , Horvath Mian , Mo Zengshuo , Xiong Ruoyun , Fleming Elizabeth , Chen Phylip , Peeples Mark E , Palucka Karolina , Oh Julia , Ozbolat Ibrahim T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Progenitor human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) are an essential cell source for the reconstruction of the respiratory pseudostratified columnar epithelium composed of multiple cell types in the context of infection studies and disease modeling. Hitherto, manual seeding has been the dominant method for creating nasal epithelial tissue models through biofabrication. However, this approach has limitations in terms of achieving the intricate three-dimensional (3D) structure of the natural nasal epithelium. 3D bioprinting has been utilized to reconstruct various epithelial tissue models, such as cutaneous, intestinal, alveolar, and bronchial epithelium, but there has been no attempt to use of 3D bioprinting technologies for reconstruction of the nasal epithelium. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrate the reconstruction of the nasal epithelium with the use of primary hNECs deposited on Transwell inserts via droplet-based bioprinting (DBB), which enabled high-throughput fabrication of the nasal epithelium in Transwell inserts of 24-well plates. DBB of progenitor hNECs ranging from one-tenth to one-half of the cell seeding density employed during the conventional cell seeding approach enabled a high degree of differentiation with the presence of cilia and tight-junctions over a 4 weeks air–liquid interface culture. Single cell RNA sequencing of these cultures identified five major epithelial cells populations, including basal, suprabasal, goblet, club, and ciliated cells. These cultures recapitulated the pseudostratified columnar epithelial architecture present in the native nasal epithelium and were permissive to respiratory virus infection. These results denote the potential of 3D bioprinting for high-throughput fabrication of nasal epithelial tissue models not only for infection studies but also for other purposes, such as disease modeling, immunological studies, and drug screening.