bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theshhlimb enhancer is activated in patterned limb regeneration but not in hypomorphic limb regeneration inXenopus laevis
Authors: Tada Reimi , Higashidate Takuya , Amano Takanori , Ishikawa Shoma , Yokoyama Chifuyu , Nara Saki , Ishida Koshiro , Kawaguchi Akane , Ochi Haruki , Ogino Hajime , Yakushiji-Kaminatsui Nayuta , Sakamoto Joe , Kamei Yasuhiro , Tamura Koji , Yokoyama Hitoshi 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTXenopusyoung tadpoles regenerate a limb with the anteroposterior (AP) pattern, but metamorphosed froglets regenerate a hypomorphic limb after amputation. The key gene for AP patterning,shh, is expressed in a regenerating limb of the tadpole but not in that of the froglet. Genomic DNA in theshhlimb-specific enhancer, MFCS1 (ZRS), is hypermethylated in froglets but hypomethylated in tadpoles:shhexpression may be controlled by epigenetic regulation of MFCS1. Is MFCS1 specifically activated for regenerating the AP-patterned limb? We generated transgenicXenopus laevislines that visualize the MFCS1 enhancer activity with a GFP reporter. The transgenic tadpoles showed GFP expression inhoxd13-andshh-expressing domains of developing and regenerating limbs, whereas the froglets showed no GFP expression in the regenerating limbs despite havinghoxd13expression. Genome sequence analysis and co-transfection assays using cultured cells revealed that Hoxd13 can activateXenopusMFCS1. These results suggest that MFCS1 activation correlates with regeneration of AP-patterned limbs and that re-activation of epigenetically inactivated MFCS1 would be crucial to confer the ability to non-regenerative animals for regenerating a properly patterned limb.
Efficient mapping of the thalamocortical monosynaptic connectivityin vivoby tangential insertions of high-density electrodes in cortex
Authors: Sibille Jérémie , Gehr Carolin , Kremkow Jens 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThalamus provides the principal input to cortex, thus understanding the mechanisms of cortical computations in behaving animals requires to characterize the thalamocortical connectivityin vivo. We show that tangential insertions of high-density electrodes into mouse cortex capture the activity of thalamocortical axons simultaneously with their synaptically connected cortical neurons. Multiple thalamic synaptic inputs to cortical neurons can be measured providing an efficient approach for mapping the thalamocortical connectivityin vivo.
Molecular and spatial design of early skin development
Authors: Jacob Tina , Annusver Karl , Czarnewski Paulo , Dalessandri Tim , Kastriti Maria Eleni , Levron Chiara Levra , Mikkola Marja L , Rendl Michael , Lichtenberger Beate M , Donati Giacomo , Björklund Åsa , Kasper Maria 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARYA wealth of specialized cell populations within the skin facilitates its hair producing, protective, sensory and thermoregulatory functions, but how the vast cell-type diversity and tissue architecture develops is largely unexplored. Here, with single-cell transcriptomics, spatial cell-type assignment and cell-lineage tracing we deconstruct early embryonic mouse skin during the key transitions from seemingly uniform developmental precursor states to a multilayered, multilineage epithelium and complex dermal identity. We reveal the spatiotemporal emergence of hair-follicle-inducing, muscle-supportive, and fascia-forming fibroblasts. We also uncover the formation of the panniculus carnosus muscle, sprouting blood vessels without pericyte coverage, and the earliest residence of mast and dendritic immune cells in skin. Finally, we reveal an unexpected epithelial heterogeneity within the early single-layered epidermis and a signaling-rich periderm layer. Overall, this cellular blueprint of early skin development establishes histological landmarks – essential for placing cells in their spatial tissue context – and highlights unprecedented dynamical interactions among skin cells.
DPM1 through SERPINB5 modulates desmosomal adhesion and epidermal differentiation
Authors: Rathod Maitreyi , Franz Henriette , Beyersdorfer Vivien , Wanuske Marie-Therès , Fischer Karen Leal , Hanns Pauline , Stüdle Chiara , Zimmermann Aude , Buczak Katarzyna , Schinner Camilla , Spindler Volker 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTGlycosylation is essential to facilitate cell-cell adhesion and differentiation. We determined the role of the dolichol phosphate mannosyltransferase (DPM) complex, a central regulator for glycosylation, for desmosomal adhesive function and epidermal differentiation. Deletion of the key molecule of the DPM complex, DPM1, in human keratinocytes resulted in weakened cell-cell adhesion, impaired localization of the desmosomal components desmoplakin and desmoglein-2, and led to cytoskeletal organization defects in human keratinocytes. In a 3D organotypic human epidermis model, loss of DPM1 caused impaired differentiation with abnormally increased cornification, reduced thickness of non-corneal layers, and formation of intercellular gaps in the epidermis. Using proteomic approaches, SERPINB5 was identified as DPM1-dependent interaction partner of desmoplakin. Mechanistically, SERPINB5 reduced desmoplakin phosphorylation at serine 176, which was required for strong intercellular adhesion. These results uncover a novel role of the DPM complex in linking desmosomal adhesion with epidermal differentiation.
Origin of wiring specificity in an olfactory map: dendrite targeting of projection neurons
Authors: Lam Wong Kenneth Kin , Li Tongchao , Fu Tian-Ming , Liu Gaoxiang , Lyu Cheng , Kohani Sayeh , Xie Qijing , Luginbuhl David J , Upadhyayula Srigokul , Betzig Eric , Luo Liqun 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTHow does wiring specificity of neural maps emerge during development? Formation of the adultDrosophilaolfactory glomerular map begins with patterning of projection neuron (PN) dendrites at the early pupal stage. To better understand the origin of wiring specificity of this map, we created genetic tools to systematically characterize dendrite patterning across development at PN type–specific resolution. We find that PNs use lineage and birth order combinatorially to build the initial dendritic map. Specifically, birth order directs dendrite targeting in rotating and binary manners for PNs of the anterodorsal and lateral lineages, respectively. Two-photon– and adaptive optical lattice light-sheet microscope–based time-lapse imaging reveals that PN dendrites initiate active targeting with direction-dependent branch stabilization on the timescale of seconds. Moreover, PNs that are used in both the larval and adult olfactory circuits prune their larval-specific dendrites and re-extend new dendrites simultaneously to facilitate timely olfactory map organization. Our work highlights the power and necessity of type-specific neuronal access and time-lapse imaging in identifying wiring mechanisms that underlie complex patterns of functional neural maps.
TOR signalling regulates epithelial cell shape transition inDrosophilaoogenesis
Authors: Halder Sudipta , Ghosh Gaurab , Gayen Budhaditya , Prasad Mohit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEpithelial morphogenesis plays an important role in form generation, organ development, and maintenance of adult tissues in the metazoans. Given its wide implication, aberrant morphogenesis is linked to severe developmental defects and in a few instances also associated with tumorigenesis. Employing the model ofDrosophilaoogenesis, we have examined the role of the evolutionary conserved Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase pathway, a known regulator of cell growth and size in mediating shape transition of cuboidal cells to squamous epithelial fate. Utilizing genetic tools, immunohistochemistry, and live cell imaging, we demonstrate that TOR signaling is active and required for epithelial morphogenesis duringDrosophilaoogenesis. Further, loss of function analyses indicates that non-canonical TOR signaling functions through PAR-1 to mediate the removal of lateral cell adhesion molecule, Fasciclin 2, to allow proper squamous cell morphogenesis. In addition, we demonstrate the effect of TOR through PAR-1 on cell shape transition is mediated via the modulation of endocytosis. Overall, our data give novel insight into how TOR signaling mediates cell shape transition during epithelial morphogenesis in the metazoans.
LHX2 in germ cells control tubular organization in the developing mouse testis
Authors: Singh Neha , Singh Domdatt , Bhide Anshul , Sharma Richa , Bhowmick Shilpa , Patel Vainav , Modi Deepak 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the gonads of mammalian XY embryos, the organization of cords is the hallmark of testis development. This organization is thought to be controlled by interactions of the Sertoli cells, endothelial and interstitial cells with little or no role of germ cells. Challenging this notion, herein we show that the germ cells play an active role in the organization of the testicular tubules. We observed that the LIM-homeobox gene,Lhx2is expressed in the germ cells of the developing testis between E12.5-E15.5. InLhx2knockout-fetal testis there was altered expression of several genes not just in germ cells but also in the supporting (Sertoli) cells, endothelial cells, and interstitial cells. Further, loss ofLhx2led to disrupted endothelial cell migration and expansion of interstitial cells in the XY gonads. The cords in the developing testis ofLhx2knockout embryos are disorganized with a disrupted basement membrane. Together, our results show an important role ofLhx2in testicular development and imply the involvement of germ cells in the tubular organization of the differentiating testis.HighlightLhx2is expressed in germ cells of developing mouse testis but is dispensable for germ cell and Sertoli cell specificationLoss ofLhx2disrupts testicular vascularization, leads to the expansion of interstitial cells, and alters the tubular organizationGerm cells govern the tubular organization in the developing testisGraphical Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins ORF3a and ORF7a modulate autophagic flux and Ca2+homeostasis in yeast
Authors: Luis Garrido-Huarte José , Fita-Torró Josep , Viana Rosa , Pascual-Ahuir Amparo , Proft Markus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVirus infection involves the manipulation of key host cell functions by specialized virulence proteins. The SARS-CoV-2 small accessory proteins ORF3a and ORF7a have been implicated in favoring virus replication and spreading by inhibiting the autophagic flux within the host cell. Here, we apply yeast models to gain insights into the physiological functions of both SARS-CoV-2 small ORFs. ORF3a and ORF7a can be stably overexpressed in yeast cells, producing a decrease in cellular fitness. Both proteins show a distinguishable intracellular localization. ORF3a specifically localizes to the vacuolar membrane, whereas ORF7a targets the endoplasmic reticulum. Overexpression of ORF3a and ORF7a leads to the accumulation of Atg8 specific autophagosomes. However, the underlying mechanism is different for each viral protein as assessed by the quantification of the autophagic degradation of Atg8-GFP fusion proteins, which is inhibited by ORF3a and stimulated by ORF7a. Overexpression of both SARS-CoV-2 ORFs decreases cellular fitness upon starvation conditions, where autophagic processes become essential. These data are in agreement with a model where both small ORFs have synergistic functions in stimulating intracellular autophagosome accumulation, ORF3a by inhibiting autophagosome processing at the vacuole and ORF7a by promoting autophagosome formation at the ER. ORF3a has an additional function in Ca2+homeostasis. The overexpression of ORF3a confers calcineurin-dependent Ca2+tolerance and activates a Ca2+sensitive FKS2-luciferase reporter, suggesting a possible ORF3a-mediated Ca2+efflux from the vacuole. Taken together, we show that viral accessory proteins can be functionally investigated in yeast cells and that SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a and ORF7a proteins interfere with autophagosome formation and processing as well as with Ca2+homeostasis from distinct cellular targets.
A new strategic approach for R&D project portfolio selection using efficiency-uncertainty maps
Authors: Namazi Mehdi , Tavana Madjid , Mohammadi Emran , Bonyadi Naeini Ali 
Published: December 2022

PurposeNew business practices and the globalization of markets force firms to take innovation as the fundamental pillar of their competitive strategy. Research and Development (R&D) plays a vital role in innovation. As technology advances and product life cycles become shorter, firms rely on R&D as a strategy to invigorate innovation. R&D project portfolio selection is a complex and challenging task. Despite the management's efforts to implement the best project portfolio selection practices, many projects continue to fail or miss their target. The problem is that selecting R&D projects requires a deep understanding of strategic vision and technical capabilities. However, many decision-makers lack technological insight or strategic vision. This article aims to provide a method to capitalize on the expertise of R&D professionals to assist managers in making informed and effective decisions. It also provides a framework for aligning the portfolio of R&D projects with the organizational vision and mission.Design/methodology/approachThis article proposes a new strategic approach for R&D project portfolio selection using efficiency-uncertainty maps.FindingsThe proposed strategy plane helps decision-makers align R&D project portfolios with their strategies to combine a strategic view and numerical analysis in this research. The proposed strategy plane consists of four areas: Exploitation Zone, Challenge Zone, Desperation Zone and Discretion Zone. Mapping the project into this strategic plane would help decision-makers align their project portfolio according to the corporate perspectives.Originality/valueThe new approach combines the efficiency and uncertainty dimensions in portfolio selection into an integrated framework that: (i) provides a complete representation of the stochastic decision-making processes, (ii) models the endogenous uncertainty inherent in the project selection process and (iii) proposes a computationally practical and visually unique solution procedure for classifying desirable and undesirable R&D projects.
The interplay of contracts and trust: untangling between- and within-dyad effects
Authors: Wang Liwen , Jin Jason Lu , Yang Defeng 
Published: December 2022

PurposeContracts and trust are two prominent governance mechanisms in buyer–supplier exchanges, yet controversy persists regarding the interplay between contracts and trust. This study aims to provide a new perspective to understand the debate by differentiating between- from within-dyad effects of contracts–trust relationships.Design/methodology/approachBased on survey data of 250 Chinese buyer–supplier relationships collected over two time periods, this study used two-level hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) with repeated measures to test the influence of contracts (trust) on trust (contracts) over time.FindingsThe authors find that for major buyer–supplier exchanges, contracts and trust tend to complement each other when comparing across dyads, but they likely substitute for each other in within-dyad settings.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, to illustrate the dynamic interactions between contracts and trust, this study collected data at two time periods and assumed continuous linear relationships of time with both contracts and trust. Further research should collect multiple waves of data to explore the complex, varying changes that arise over time. Second, this study’s findings are based on buyer–supplier relationships in China, whose unique cultural features may limit the generalizability of the results to other settings.Practical implicationsChannel managers can structure exchanges by devising detailed contracts that align incentives and demonstrate commitment, which helps build trust in a relationship. Channel managers should also pay special attention to the contingency effects of their transactional and relational features.Originality/valueThis study offers the first explicit test of the dynamic contracts–trust relationship, thereby establishing a more refined understanding of interplay between contracts and trust.
“Stealing from the language”: interest convergence and teachers’ advocacy for language-inclusive practices
Authors: Sedlacek Quentin Charles 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to support advocacy for racial and linguistic justice by examining teachers’ efforts to contest their colleagues' language-exclusive policies and practices.

Design/methodology/approach
The author used a critical and reconstructive discourse analysis guided by interest convergence theory to analyze narratives shared by teachers working to contest language-exclusive practices.

Findings
Teachers identified or created interest convergence to successfully contest specific practices. However, their arguments had the potential to be coopted for hegemonic purposes.

Originality/value
Previous studies have used interest convergence to analyze bilingual education policy. This study is one of the few to apply the theory to analyze other efforts to contest language-exclusive practices.
Digital information channels during the COVID-19 global health emergency through a situational awareness lens: a study of Pakistani citizens
Authors: Khalid Ayesha , Warraich Nosheen Fatima , Ali Irfan 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
The main aim of this study was to know the role of digital information and communication channels in developing citizens’ understanding regarding COVID-19 with reference to situation awareness. Furthermore, the impact of gender, age, qualification and area of respondents on citizens' perception and comprehension of COVID-19 was also investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
This quantitative study used an online survey and received 377 usable responses. The instrument was developed with the help of literature, and it was based on two constructs (perception of the element and comprehension of the current situation) of the situational awareness (SA) model. Data were collected from Pakistani citizens through a convenient sampling technique.

Findings
It was observed that the majority of citizens used electronic media, Facebook and WhatsApp for accessing COVID-19-related information. World Health Organization website played an important role in developing citizens’ understanding. Alert messages through mobile phone and apps played role in developing citizen’s understanding regarding COVID-19 situation. They perceived that media was effective in providing social distancing techniques. Moreover, they believed that government campaigns were helpful. Findings revealed that there was no significant impact of gender, age, qualification and area on citizens' perceptions and comprehension of COVID-19 through media.

Originality/value
This study is helpful for authorities in decision-making regarding COVID-19 and also filled the literature gap as, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no comprehensive study has been conducted regarding the SA of COVID-19.
Media, interpersonal communication, personal characteristics and online participation for climate change: structural equation modelling to determine digital discourse in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Mudassar , Saleem Noshina , Hanan Mian Ahmad , Lodhi Rab Nawaz 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to fill the gap by researching the direct effects of media and personal characteristics on online participation in climate change, indirect effects when mediated by interpersonal communication and personal characteristics as predictors of media communications as sources of information about climate change.

Design/methodology/approach
A structured questionnaire is distributed to collect data about the uses of communication sources and online responses toward climate change by using a quota sampling technique. The structural equation modeling by using Smart PLS 4 is used to explore the effects’ size.

Findings
Small levels of direct and indirect effects are found. Direct effects are found in online newspapers, YouTube, television news, personal relevance toward climate change and political interest in online participation in climate change. Indirect effects are found of WhatsApp on online climate participation through interpersonal communication. Personal relevance toward climate change has motivated respondents to take information about climate change from Facebook. Climate skepticism is found among respondents who have received information from television news/talk shows, printed newspapers and WhatsApp.

Practical implications
University teachers in Pakistan will have to work on educational strategies to increase the knowledge of university students about energy generation through carbon and renewable energy sources.

Originality/value
The results of this study highlight the communicative-cultural dimensions of online discourse about climate change in the context of the less-researched country of Pakistan. This is the first study of researchers’ knowledge that comprehensively defines the digital media ecology in the context of climate change considering Pakistan.
Panel smooth transition regression approach to analyzing tourism development – housing price nexus in G7 countries
Authors: Yang Li , Khaskheli Asadullah , Raza Syed Ali , Shah Nida 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is twofold: first is to examine the nonlinear relationship between tourism development and housing prices, and secondly, the role of economic growth in facilitating the materialization of tourism development and housing prices nexus in G7 countries.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used the newly introduced econometric technique panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) model with two regimes on annual panel data from 1995 to 2018.FindingsResults confirmed that the nexus between the tourism development and housing prices is nonlinear and regime dependent. Moreover, the results showed that the threshold level of economic growth above which tourism development increases the housing prices is 2.63%. The relationship above the threshold value is positive and growth enhancing, while below the threshold, tourism development has a negative effect on housing prices. The economic growth and housing prices also showed the U-shape relationship implying that at a certain level increase in economic growth decreases the housing prices but after a certain level increase in economic growth increases the housing prices.Originality/valueThis paper makes a unique contribution to the literature with reference to developed economies, being a pioneering attempt to investigate the nonlinear relationship between tourism development and housing prices and applying more rigorous and advanced econometric techniques like PSTR.