bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic pressure and effective mixing length in vegetated free-flow region
Authors: Xie Yicun , Yan Jing , Zhang Haitong , Zhao Hanqing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Submerged vegetation acts as large-scale roughness element that changes flow structure and promotes flow subdivision, thereby affecting scalar transport and energy transfer in the river. This article explores vertical distributions of both the hydrodynamic pressure P
D and effective mixing length L in vegetated free- flow region through flume experiments. Firstly, formulas have been proposed in the present study to calculate the P
D and L values by some theoretical analyses. Then, we discuss the P
D and L profiles under different vegetation density λ, submergence degree H/h
v and mean bulk velocity U
m conditions. The P
D value is positive and attains its vertical maximum around the middle position of this region, indicating that shear turbulence promotes the upwards release of the hydro pressure. The vertical variation coefficient for P
D is nearly 1.15 and independent of λ and U
m in this study. The dimensionless L value varies little in the lower part of this region and increases linearly upwards in the upper part, reflecting vertical variation of shear turbulence movement. Since the vegetation density λ and submergence H/h
v control turbulence coherent motion, the P
D and L/(h
o - h
v) values change monotonically with them in this study. The high-velocity flow accelerates turbulence waves and promotes an increase in P
D.
Development of combined hardening model for spring-back simulation of DP600 in multi-stage sheet metal forming
Authors: Yang Haibo , Chen Jiang , Hong Qing , Chen Wenliang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
High strength steel DP600 is widely used in automobile industry due to its excellent mechanical property compared to conventional steel, but spring-back issue is considered to be the major challenge of DP600 in forming process, as the spring-back is triggered by the release of complicated internal stress. In multi-stage sheet metal forming, the sheet may be subject to several cycles of loading and reverse loading, Bauschinger effect greatly influence the strain stress behaviour. A well designed material model can be used to accurately predict and compensate spring-back in forming process. A combined hardening model especially designed for multi-stage forming is proposed in this paper, and the iterated compensation method could be applied by using LS-DYNA to get an optimized result. An experimental testing facility was developed for calibration of this model with cyclic tension and compression strain stress curve. The compensation method is applied in the numerical simulation of a multi-stage manufacturing process of an A-pillar, the result demonstrates the feasibility of the combined hardening model.
Stabilization of the coupled ODE-linearized KdV system
Authors: Yang Y H , Zhou Z C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper considers the exponential stabilization of coupled ordinary differential equation (ODE)-linearized Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation system coupled at right boundary point with left boundary control. Firstly, we transfer the original system into an exponentially stable target system by backstepping transformation. Secondly, we show the existence of the kernels in forward and backward transformation. Finally, we prove the exponential stability of the closed-loop system.
Geometry optimization for long-lived particle detectors
Authors: Gorordo Thomas , Knapen Simon , Nachman Benjamin , Robinson Dean J. , Suresh Adi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The proposed designs of many auxiliary long-lived particle (LLP) detectors at the LHC
call for the instrumentation of a large surface area inside the detector volume,
in order to reliably reconstruct tracks and LLP decay vertices.
Taking the CODEX-b detector as an example,
we provide a proof-of-concept optimization analysis that demonstrates
the required instrumented surface area can be substantially reduced for many LLP models, while only marginally affecting the LLP signal efficiency.
This optimization permits a significant reduction in cost and installation time, and may also inform the installation order for modular detector elements.
We derive a branch-and-bound based optimization algorithm that permits highly computationally efficient determination of optimal detector configurations,
subject to any specified LLP vertex and track reconstruction requirements.
We outline the features of a newly-developed generalized simulation framework,
for the computation of LLP signal efficiencies across a range of LLP models and detector geometries.
A method to characterize metalenses for light collection applications
Authors: Contreras T. , Martins A. , Stanford C. , Escobar C.O. , Guenette R. , Stancari M. , Martín-Albo J. , Lawrence-Sanderson B. , Para A. , Kish A. , Kellerer F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Metalenses and metasurfaces are promising emerging
technologies that could improve light collection in light collection
detectors, concentrating light on small area photodetectors such as
silicon photomultipliers. Here we present a detailed method to
characterize metalenses to assess their efficiency at concentrating
monochromatic light coming from a wide range of incidence angles,
not taking into account their imaging quality.
Understanding continuous wave laser-induced chemical reactions at micro- and nano-diamond-glass interface under infrared excitation
Authors: Żemojtel Piotr , Olejniczak Adam , Tomala Robert , Cichy Bartłomiej , Radosiński Łukasz , de Araujo Maia Alison Felix , Bezkrovnyi Oleksii , Stręk Wiesław 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work addresses the issue of laser-induced white light generation by nano- and micro-diamond powder and the accompanying redox processes occurring at the surface of the particles. The broadband white light is generated by near infra-red continuous wave laser (975 nm) on micro and nano-diamond powders sealed in lightbulb-like devices. It is shown that the emission from diamond samples is a highly nonlinear process with apparent saturation close to 1 W of the optical excitation power. Multiband mechanism and mixed hybridization at particle surface are further discussed as a possible origin of the white light emission. Changes in the sp2/sp3 ratio upon the laser excitation are here discussed in terms of molecular dynamics simulations. Observed surface changes related to diamond graphitization are considered further as possible pathways for chemical reactions at the interface of the glass and diamond samples. Obtained results bring relevant physical premises according to the possible mechanism responsible for the white emission from diamond-like carbon materials, its mechanisms, and an essential figure of merit considering the diverse applicability of this phenomenon in various electronic devices.
Administration of andexanet alfa for traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the setting of massive apixaban overdose: A case report
Authors: Jenniches Daniel , Kerns Abigail F , DelBianco John , Stripp Matthew P , Philp Allan S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Apixaban is a direct-acting oral anticoagulant that selectively inhibits factor Xa. Reversal strategies utilized to treat factor Xa inhibitor–associated bleeding include andexanet alfa, prothrombin complex ­concentrate (PCC), and activated PCC (aPCC). The optimal treatment of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the setting of an apixaban overdose is unknown.

Summary
This case report describes a 69-year-old female who initially presented to an emergency department at a community hospital due to a ground-level fall with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. The patient reportedly ingested apixaban 275 mg, carvedilol 250 mg, atorvastatin 1,200 mg, and unknown amounts of amlodipine and ethanol. Anti-inhibitor coagulant complex, an aPCC, was administered approximately 3 hours after presentation. Initial thromboelastography performed approximately 4 hours after presentation showed a prolonged reaction time of 16.8 minutes. Ongoing imaging and evidence of coagulopathy prompted repeated aPCC administration to a cumulative dose of approximately 100 U/kg. The patient underwent craniotomy with hematoma evacuation. Postoperative imaging showed expansion of the existing intracranial hemorrhage and new areas of hemorrhage. Andexanet alfa was administered approximately 18 hours after presentation, followed by repeat craniotomy with evacuation of the hematoma. No further expansion of the intracranial hemorrhage was observed, and the reaction time on thromboelastography was normalized at 6.3 minutes.

Conclusion
This case suggests that andexanet alfa may have a role in the management of traumatic hemorrhage in the setting of an acute massive apixaban overdose. Use of andexanet alfa, PCC, and aPCC in this context requires further research.
Recent and anticipated novel drug approvals for 2023 and 2024
Authors: Rim Matthew H , Barada Farah , Levitsky Andrew M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Health-system pharmacists play a crucial role in monitoring the pharmaceutical pipeline to manage formularies, allocate resources, and optimize clinical programs for new therapies. This article aims to support pharmacists by sharing new and anticipated novel drug approvals.

Summary
Selected drug approvals anticipated in the 12-month period covering the second quarter of 2023 through the first quarter of 2024 are reviewed. The analysis emphasizes drugs expected to have significant clinical and financial impact in hospitals and clinics, as selected from 58 novel drugs awaiting Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval at the time of data extraction. The pipeline includes drugs with various indications, such as oncology, inflammatory conditions, and rare diseases. Key developments in oncology are highlighted along with notable advancements in treating myelofibrosis, metastatic colorectal cancer, and low-grade gliomas. Cellular and gene therapies are anticipated to emerge prominently as treatment options for severe hemophilia A and sickle cell disease. Several monoclonal antibodies targeting autoimmune diseases are awaiting FDA approval.

Conclusion
Several new novel drugs in the pipeline are intended for use in treating cancers, autoimmune conditions, and rare diseases such as sickle cell disease.
Oncologic outcomes after breast-conserving surgery with radiotherapy versus mastectomy in patients with Paget’s disease of the breast: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Goh Serene S N , Syn Nicholas L X , Lim Cheryl J E , Lee Rui En , Samuel Miny , Ng Celene W Q 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The conventional approach to treatment for Paget's disease of the breast has been mastectomy, but there is an increasing trend to consider breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by radiotherapy (RT) in these patients. This study aimed to provide an updated systematic review and meta-analysis comparing outcomes after BCS with RT versus mastectomy in the treatment of Paget’s disease of the breast.

Methods
Studies before May 2021 were included. Primary outcomes were overall survival and local recurrence. Separate analyses of Paget’s disease associated with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) were undertaken. Meta-regression was used to adjust for imbalance in the proportion of IDC among patients selected to undergo BCS versus mastectomy.

Results
Overall survival in patients with Paget's disease who underwent BCS with RT was higher than for those who underwent mastectomy with pooled mortality hazard ratio (HR) of 0.68, (95% per cent c.i. 0.45 to 1.01). Patients with Paget’s disease with DCIS had higher overall survival after BCS with or without RT versus mastectomy, with adjusted HR of 0.14 (0.10 to 0.20) and 0.28 (0.22 to 0.36), respectively. For patients with Paget’s disease and IDC, overall survival was lower for BCS with or without RT versus mastectomy, with adjusted HR of 0.84 (0.57 to 1.25) and 1.64 (1.04 to 2.58), respectively. In Paget's disease and IDC, local recurrence risk was much higher for BCS with RT, RR 26.8 (1.60 to 456) versus without RT, RR 51.8 (6.80 to 391). In patients with Paget’s disease and DCIS, risk of local recurrence versus mastectomy was lower for BCS with RT 0.72 (0.11 to 4.50) but slightly higher for BCS alone 1.38 (0.09 to 21.20).

Conclusion
BCS with RT may be a comparable treatment alternative to mastectomy for patients with Paget’s disease with DCIS, and for selected patients with Paget’s disease and IDC.
Quality Evaluation of Volatile Oil in Yanyangke Mixture (YM) Based on GC–MS Fingerprint, GC Multicomponent Quantitative Analysis and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis
Authors: Liang Xiaolian , Yang Zhengteng , Ma Jiabao , Wang Minggang , Zhao Fengxian , Zhou Chuhui , Feng Jiaru , Song Haimei , Chen Yong , Gui Xiongbin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractYanyangke mixture (YM) is composed of 12 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for the treatment of patients with cough, dry throat and other diseases caused by acute or chronic pharyngitis or patients with difficulty in expectoration. With the wide application of YM in clinical practice, its quality control has attracted huge attention. Based on the multi-component characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines, it is pertinent to establish a quality evaluation system. A new idea is to adopt gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) chemical composition identification, GC–MS fingerprint, and GC content determination as a potential quality control index of the volatile oil in YM. In this study, the volatile oil of YM was extracted by steam distillation, and the chemical components of the volatile oil were analyzed by GC–MS, and 43 chemical components were identified. The fingerprint of the volatile oil from YM was established and the similarity evaluation was performed. Combined with chemometric methods, such as cluster analysis, principal component analysis and partial least squares analysis, the chemical composition differences of the volatile oil from different batches of YM were compared and the symbolic components affecting the quality of the volatile oil from different batches of YM were excavated. Finally, three components were selected as the potential active component markers of YM and the GC content determination method of these three components was established. A rapid, reasonable, and effective quality evaluation and control method of YM volatile oil was established, which provided a reference for further development and research on YM, as well as a new idea for research on other TCM prescriptions.
Long-term follow-up of atrioventricular valve function in Fontan patients: effect of atrioventricular valve surgery
Authors: Bove Thierry , Grootjans Eva , Naessens Romanie , Martens Thomas , De Wolf Daniel , Vandekerckhove Kristof , Panzer Joseph , De Groote Katya , De Backer Julie , Demulier Laurent , François Katrien 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between atrioventricular valve and ventricular function in Fontan survivors, including the effect of atrioventricular valve surgery.

METHODS
Analysis focused on transplant-free survival and the need for atrioventricular valve surgery in single ventricle patients after Fontan completion. Longitudinal echocardiographic examination of long-term valve and ventricular function was performed.

RESULTS
Fontan completion was performed in 113 patients, having a right univentricular morphology in 33.6%, a left ventricle morphology in 62.8% and ambiguous in 3.6%. Perioperative mortality was 2.7% (n = 3). Within a median follow-up of 16.3 years (interquartile range 10.6–23.6), transplant-free survival was 96.1 ± 1.9% and 90.4 ± 5.8% at 10–25 years. Twenty AV valve procedures were performed in 14 (12.4%) children, respectively, pre-Fontan (n = 10), per-Fontan (n = 8) and post-Fontan (n = 2), resulting in a cumulative incidence of AV valve surgery is 5.7 ± 2.2% and 12.3 ± 3.2% at 1–5 years. Atrio-ventricular valve function deteriorated over time [hazard ratio (HR) 1.112, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.089–1.138, P &lt; 0.001], without difference for valve morphology (P = 0.736) or ventricular dominance (P = 0.484). AV valve dysfunction was greater in patients requiring AV valve surgery (HR 20.383, 95% CI 6.223–36.762, P &lt; 0.001) but showed a comparable evolution since repair to those without valve surgery (HR 1.070, 95% CI 0.987–1.160, P = 0.099). Progressive time-related ventricular dysfunction was observed (HR 1.141, 95% CI 1.097–1.182, P &lt; 0.001), significantly less in left ventricle-dominance (HR 0.927, 95% CI 0.860–0.999, P = 0.047) but more after AV valve surgery (HR 1.103, 95% CI 1.014–1.167, P = 0.022).

CONCLUSIONS
In a homogeneously treated Fontan population, 25-year transplant-free survival is encouraging. Atrio-ventricular valve surgery was necessary in 12.4%, resulting mostly in a durable valve function. However, a slow time-related decline of atrioventricular valve function as of ventricular function is worrisome, evoking a role for additional heart failure therapy.
S1-1 Whole systems approaches to the promotion of school-based physical activity
Authors:   Chair(s):, Chalkley Anna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Physical inactivity increases the risk of physical and mental ill-health and lower academic performance during childhood and is therefore a key public health priority. Whole-school approaches (WSA) are recommended as part of a system-wide approach to tackling physical inactivity. WSAs focus on aligning school policies, environments, school stakeholders and opportunities for physical activity within and beyond the school day. Yet, review-level evidence deems current WSAs ineffective due to: a lack of understanding of what constitutes a whole-school physical activity approach, programmes not considering schools as complex adaptive systems, limited multi-stakeholder input in programme design and poor use of implementation theory within programme design and delivery. Therefore, initiatives fail to overcome the systemic barriers affecting the adoption and development of new school practices. As a result, schools fail to adapt unique, context-specific policies to address environmental and stakeholder needs and are insufficient to improve children’s physical activity.
This symposium will present applied research relevant to the practice of whole systems approaches to whole school physical activity promotion in different European country contexts. In doing so, relevant work which addresses the interrelationships within and across levels of influence of the system will be presented, with the implications for practice, research and policy in the context of future challenges in this area, discussed.
S1-5 Pupil’s experiences of affordances in school-based physical programmes in Norway and Estonia
Authors: Pardali Eirini 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to examine pupils’ experiences of the school environment and how it stimulated different physical activity behaviours at selected Norwegian and Estonian schools involved in school-based physical activity programmes.

Methods
Pupils from elementary schools (10-year-olds, n = 21) and lower-secondary schools (15-year-olds, n = 17) provided 66 photos of their school environment and participated in 9 focus group interviews. The data were reflexively thematically analysed using Gibson’s theory of affordances

Results
The findings indicate that the pupils’ physical activity behaviour was promoted and constrained by two primary factors: physical affordances of the active components (indoor/outdoor affordances, seasonal affordances) and social affordances (school rules, imaginative play, togetherness, the relationship between pupils and teachers, pupils’ choice). The 10-year-old pupils in both countries experienced their physical activity behaviour to be promoted and constrained predominantly by physical affordances, their relationship with their teachers, rules and imaginative play. For the 15-year-old pupils, the primary promoting and constraining factors were physical affordances, their relationship with their teachers, togetherness and having choice during physically active learning. Thus, the pupils considered the design of the physical and social environment within the school-based physical activity programmes to influence their physical activity behaviour.

Conclusions
It is suggested that school environments with diverse, indoor/outdoor, spacious, multifunctional and natural spaces that facilitate physical activity alongside socialisation can motivate pupils to be physically active. In addition to an emphasis on physical affordances, a focus on open, trusting and engaging relationships between teachers and pupils and the consideration of pupils’ voices within school-based physical activity programmes can promote physical activity behaviour and consequently programme sustainability.

Funding
This study was partially funded by the Increasing Physical Activity of Schoolchildren project, financed by the European Economic Area (EEA) Grants (grant 2014-2021.1.05.20-0004) under the Local Development and Poverty Reduction programme, co-financed by the Ministry of Social Affairs and self-financed by the University of Tartu. Additionally, the first author received funding for a PhD fellowship from the University of South-Eastern Norway.
S2-5 Physical Literacy in Austria: development of the Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaire (PPLQ) for the adult population
Authors: Holler Peter , Jaunig Johannes 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Physical Literacy (PL) is a relatively new concept in Austria. However, PL research in Austria is currently centered around one research group and has focused exclusively on adults, a cohort which has been largely overlooked by the PL community so far. Recent projects included an intervention to increase PL in physically inactive adults and the development of the Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaire (PPLQ). The PPLQ is a comprehensive but easy-to-use and easy-to-understand PL questionnaire for adults in German language. We describe the development process of this questionnaire in the following.

Methods
The process subsumes several phases with the involvement of experts to ensure high content validity. In phase 1, a PL questionnaire was taken from our previous pilot studies for further improvement. This instrument was not yet validated, but already consisted in large part of established questionnaire (subscales) for six PL domains (motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, understanding, and physical activity behavior). In phase 2, the revised 51-item instrument was tested in an online-survey (N = 506) and a shortened version was developed using exploratory factor analyses. The remaining 31 items were inspected using cognitive interviews (phase 3) and an external comprehensibility check to ensure language level A2 (phase 4). Subsequent results belong to phase 5, in which reliability as well as factorial and convergent validity were tested in another sample of 417 adults.

Results
The assumed 31-item model revealed misfits on global and local level and was modified based on expert opinions and statistical considerations but remained with six PL dimensions. After reducing the complexity of the model, we found empirical support for a theory-compatible 24-item version. The global model-fit of the final model was acceptable with minor misfits at item level. Internal consistency (omega) and convergent validity results were satisfactory.

Conclusion
The PPLQ is the first PL assessment instrument for a broad adult population that incorporates the holistic nature of the concept. However, further studies should attempt to improve the identified minor weaknesses and apply it in different language versions. These initial results are promising for the application in research as well as practice.

Support/Funding Source
No specific funding.