bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PS-C16-6: POSTAL MEDICINE DELIVERY FOR STAGE-2 HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN COVID-19 SITUATION: TURNING CRISIS TO OPPORTUNITY
Authors: Mitsungnern Thapanawong , Ponpong Sathorn , Udonjarut Nipa , Imoun Supap , Kotruchin Praew 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced healthcare systems, particularly in the areas of non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension, where the majority of patients require medication therapy and frequent visits. The postal medicine delivery (PMD) approach was an innovative solution to keep antihypertensive drugs accessible under the social distance regulation.

Objective:
We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the PMD in terms of blood pressure (BP) control (< 140/90 mmHg), and target organ damage (TOD) including myocardial infarction, heart failure, acute stroke, and progression of chronic kidney disease) during the use of PMD.

Design and method:
This was a cross-sectional study in a university hospital, conducted between 11th March to 27th May 2020 when the hospital policy stated that outpatient departments’ service would be reduced, and physicians were encouraged to use PMD. Patients without a history of TOD and who had a history of well BP control (< 140/90 mmHg) for the last 2 weeks, were enrolled. All of the patients used smartphones and LINE® applications for contacting the nurse coordinator every 3 months to report their home BP. After 6 months of PMD, patients were assigned to have a follow-up visit at the hospital for office BP measurement and having metabolic panel checked.

Results:
Thirty-eight patients met the inclusion criteria, and 68% were women. Most of the patients (97.4%) had used home BP monitoring (HPBM). The rate of BP control in goal was 64.2%. There was no TOD during the PMD approach. The medication boxes were sent successfully via postal service within 5–10 days, with no loss or damage recorded. All of the patients reported that they had been taking their antihypertensive medications. More than two-thirds (68.4%) continued to follow a low-sodium diet, while 76.3 percent continued to exercise regularly.

Conclusions:
In the COVID-19 epidemic, the PMD method could be another effective and safe strategy to enhance medicine access, if suitable enrolment criteria and communication between healthcare practitioners and patients are maintained.

Keywords:
COVID-19 pandemic, antihypertensive drugs, postal medicine delivery, efficacy, safety
PS-P01-2: ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION INFLUENCED BY AGTR2 GENE G1675A POLYMORPHISM IN UZBEK POPULATION
Authors: Zakirova Darya , Abdullaeva Guzal , Abdullaev Alisher , Sadulloeva Mokhinur , Khamidullaeva Gulnoza , Masharipov Shukhrat , Safarov Jamshid , Atoeva Munisa 
Published: January 2023

Material and Methods:
109 Uzbek male and female with I / III AH (ESH / ESC, 2018), mean age 54.1 ± 11.3 years, average duration of AH was 9.1 ± 5.9 years. Applanation tonometry was performed using SphygmoCor device (AtCor Medical, Australia) to measure the carotidfemoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). The genotyping of G1675A polymorphism of AGTR2 gene in 109 patients was carried out. Results are presented as M ± SD. For all types of analysis, P values less 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:
109 patients were examined and divided into two groups: 1st group with increased arterial stiffness: patients with pulse wave velocity (PWV) more 10 m/s (cases, n = 62) and 2nd group: patients with PWV less 10 m/s (controls, n = 47). 1st group, following distribution of G1675A polymorphism of AGTR2 gene was revealed: GG genotype determined in 54.8% of patients, GA genotype in 12.9%, AA genotype 32.3%, x2 = 18.21, P = 2.0. The allelic distribution showed the predominance of G allele carriers: G allele 61.3%, A allele 38.7%, x2 = 11.758, P = 0.000. 2nd group, the allelic distribution was uniform: A allele in 56.4% and G allele in 43.6%, respectively, x2 = 2.574, P = 0.109. The ratio of GG:GA:AA genotypes was as follows: 27.7%: 31.9%: 40.4%, x2 = 2.88, P = 0.09. An association of G allele with the development of arterial stiffness in patients with AH was found: among 62 patients of 1st group, G allele was common than in patients of 2nd group (61.3%; x2 = 6.72; p = 0.01; OR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.19–3.53) and only 38.7% of patients had A allele. That demonstrated an accumulation of GG genotype among patients of 1st group (54.8%; x2 = 9.66; P = 0.008; OR = 3.18, 95% CI 1.41), while GA genotype occurred in 12.9% of cases and AA genotype in 32.3% of cases. Whereas in the 2nd group, the GG genotype was less common in 27.7% of cases than the GA genotype (31.9%) and AA genotype (40.4%) cases.

Conclusion:
The study indicates greater accumulation of the G allele of the AGTR2 gene G1675A polymorphism among patients, where G allele and GG genotype are associated with the development of arterial stiffness in patients with AH of the Uzbek population.
PS-P01-10: MASKED HYPERTENSIVE EFFECT AND GROWTH DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR 15
Authors: Ishikawa Joji , Fujita Yasunori , Tamura Yoshiaki , Toba Ayumi , Ito Masafumi , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Tanaka Masashi , Araki Atsushi , Harada Kazumasa 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Growth differentiation factor 15 [GDF15], a possible biomarker of mitochondrial function related to ageing was reported to be associated an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, there were no previous data that investigated the relationship between masked hypertensive effect and serum GDF15 level.

Methods:
In outpatients clinic in which evaluated frailty in elderly patients, we evaluated clinic, home and 24-hr ambulatory BP, and serum GDF15 level in 116 hypertensive patients. Clinic BP was automatically measured twice in a sitting position [HBP-9035, Fukuda-Colin, Japan]; home BP [HBP], 3 times in the morning and evening for 5 days [HEM-7080IC, Omron, Japan]; and ambulatory BP [ABP], at 30-minute intervals for 24 hours [TM-2441, A&D, Japan].

Results:
Mean age was 77.6 ± 7.3 years [male 37.1 percent]. Clinic BP was 132.9 ± 18.7 / 73.9 ± 12.7 mmHg, and pulse rate 77.2 ± 14.4 bpm. GDF15 had a skewed deviation, and median GDF15 was 1.53 [25–75 percentile, 1.25–2.08] ng/ml. Natural log-transformed GDF15 [LnGDF15] was negatively related to clinic BP [systolic BP, r = -0.338, P < 0.001; diastolic BP, r = -0.335, P < 0.001], but not to home systolic BP [r = -0.112, P = 0.252] or awake ambulatory systolic BP [r = -0.080, P = 0.426]. LnGDF15 was significantly related to masked hypertensive effect assessed by ABP [SBP r = 0.273, P = 0.006] and that by home BP [SBP r = 0.382, P < 0.001]. In tertile analysis of GDF15, masked hypertensive effect assessed by ABP and HBP were significantly increased across tertile of GDF15. Masked hypertensive effect was significantly greater across tertile of GDF15 even after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, antihypertensive medication use, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking habit, alcohol drinking habit.

Conclusion:
An increased GDF15 can be associated with an increased masked hypertensive effect in elderly hypertensive patients.
PS-P02-1: MACHINE LEARNING PREDICTS MELATONIN TARGETS ON THE PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS-SLEEP/CIRCADIAN-CARDIOMETABOLIC DISORDERS TRIAD
Authors: Campos Luciana A , Baltatu Ovidiu C , Senar Sergio , Ghimouz Rym , Alefishat Eman , Neto Jose Cipolla 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Melatonin may have a role in the pathophysiology of a set of three diseases categories that interact with each other, namely psychosocial stress disorders, sleep/circadian rhythm disturbances, and cardiometabolic diseases, forming a therapeutic target triad for melatonin (stress-sleep/circadian- cardiometabolic disorders triad). Establishing a relationship between the pharmacological target and disease has become a fundamental goal for scientists, as it is crucial for developing novel medicines or repurposing existing ones. We investigated the target prediction of melatonin for the stress-sleep/circadian- cardiometabolic disorders triad using machine learning predictive models.

Design and Methods:
The Open Targets Genetics, ChEMBL, PhenoDigm, PheWAS Catalog and Europe PMC databases were utilized to examine melatonin target tractability and prediction of the stress-sleep-cardiovascular triad. Diseases with association records for melatonin MT1, MT2 and MT3 receptors have been categorized into sleep, cardiovascular, diabetic pathology and psychosocial disorders discarding other pathologies. The collections of direct and indirect relationships were queried to generate tables containing the names of diseases, supporting data sources, and the number of evidences for each association and data source. Graphs were built by applying igraph library-based scripts and have been depicted applying the Gephi ForceAtlas algorithm.

Results:
To date, 144 phase I to IV trials for melatonin or agonists have been completed, and 78 phase 4 trials are ongoing or completed, for drugs with investigational or approved indications targeting melatonin receptors based on their proposed mode of action on stress-sleep/circadian- cardiometabolic disorders triad. The scientific evidence on the pathogenic linkages for melatonin within the stress-sleep- cardiometabolic disorders triad is identified. This study not only identified novel biologically plausible relationships that may justify further translational research for melatonin, but it also demonstrated an effective usage of data from several databases.

Conclusion:
Molecular biomarkers, 24-hour blood pressure, nocturnal blood pressure and heart rate, psychosocial markers, cardiometabolic risk scores, and multiple biomarker modeling are all referenced for this triad. Based on these findings, we propose combining outcome measures with biomarkers from different triad diseases when designing clinical trials for melatonin or agonists for a triad disorder.
PS-P02-7: GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY IDENTIFIES NOVEL SNPS ASSOCIATED WITH ALBUMINURIA IN GENERAL POPULATION
Authors: Okuda Hiroshi 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Urine protein is one of the important indicators of renal failure. Generally, In high blood pressure, diabetes, urinary protein excretion tends to increase with poor control and renal dysfunction, but the difference between individuals is very large. This suggests that there are some genetic factors for urinary protein excretion. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on urinary protein excretion using data from 10,000 Japanese people and reported 18 SNPs related to urinary albumin excretion. (Clin Exp Nephrol. 2020 Aug; 24 (8)). This time, we increased the number of samples and analyzed using the data of 67,000 Japanese people.

Design and method:
GWAS was performed using approximately 680,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data obtained from 67,000 TMM health survey participants collected from 2013 to 2020. As covariates, age, gender, BMI, blood pressure, renal function (calculated by blood CysC), and HbA1c were used. Imputation was performed using a haplotype panel consisting of whole-genome sequence data of 2000 people, and further analysis was performed on the data, and allele frequency and INFO value after imputation were adjusted.

Results:
The analysis results were examined with p < 5 × 10 −8 as the significance level, and novel SNPs related in urine protein excretion were identified on chromosome 6. The identified SNPs were found in regions associated with potassium metabolism.

Conclusions:
The identified SNPs are considered to have some effect on urinary protein excretion. It is necessary to consider the mechanism and further verify it.
PS-P03-4: LOW LEVELS OF HYPERTENSION AWARENESS AND HIGH PROPORTIONS OF UNCONTROLLED BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND IRELAND
Authors: McDonnell Barry J , Beaney Thomas , Shezawi Mahfoudha Al , Cockcroft John , Keitley James , Bhullar Dilraj S , Heagerty Anthony , Brady Adrian AJB , Padmanabhan Sandosh , Dolan Eamon , Brien Eoin O , Thomaszewski Maciej , Schutte Aletta E , Poulter Neil R , Cappuccio Francesco P 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Globally, it is estimated that 10.4 million people die each year due to raised blood pressure (BP). Unfortunately, at least 40% of those with high BP globally are unaware of their condition. In the most recent UK and Ireland community-based data, 66.5% of people were unaware of their high BP(1). The UK and Ireland have taken part in the global May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign, in a bid to increase awareness of BP and to evidence the proportion of those in the community with undiagnosed high BP. The aim of this study was to investigate the large and combined 2017, 2018 and 2019 MMM dataset, to evidence the proportion of people with raised BP, undiagnosed hypertension and levels of hypertension not treated to target in the UK and Ireland.

Design and method:
As part of the MMM protocol, community-based opportunistic BP screening sites were set up across the UK and Ireland in places of worship, supermarkets, pharmacies, GP surgeries, workplaces, gyms and other public spaces in 2017, 2018 and 2019. A questionnaire recording medical history, lifestyle and demographics was used to collate participant information. BP was measured three times and the average of 2nd and 3rd readings used for analyses. Multiple imputations were performed to impute the mean BP, where data were missing. The term Hypertension was used for those with systolic BP >/ = 140 or diastolic BP >/ = 90 mmHg, or the participant was on BP medication. Controlled BP was considered as < 140 and < 90 mmHg.

Results:
Data on 22,910 individuals were analysed as part of the combined MMM dataset. Mean age of participants was 52 ± 18 years, with 60% reporting as female gender. See Table 1 below for the proportion of those considered hypertensive, levels of awareness and the proportion of hypertensives treated to target.

Conclusion:
In the largest community-based BP dataset to date in the UK and Ireland, our data highlight the concerning levels of people with high BP unaware of their condition and poor levels of controlled BP in hypertensive patients. Better community based and primary care screening initiatives are required to improve awareness and early identification of those at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

REFERENCES:

(1) McDonnell BJ, Rees E, Cockcroft JR, et al. May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2021 May;23 Suppl_B. 147–150.
PS-P03-11: EFFECT OF CLEANER COOKING FUEL (LPG) ON CARDIOPULMONARY HEALTH IN WOMEN FROM RURAL MAHARASHTRA
Authors: Shah Rohan , Bhalerao Aboli , Agarwal Dhiraj , Juvekar Sanjay 
Published: January 2023

Background and Objective:
Air pollution generated due to the use of solid fuels is recognized to be an environmental and health risk globally, especially in developing countries. Exposure to household air pollution is estimated to kill 3.8 million people worldwide. Major victims are women who are the immediate users. In an attempt to address this issue, the Indian government launched the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) which provides clean LPG cooking gas to first-time users. However, it is majorly being promoted as a scheme about providing cooking gas to those who don’t have it but the health benefits of the scheme are not being focused. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of LPG on cardiopulmonary health in women.

Design and method:
A total of 997 healthy women participants (808 primary cooks and 189 secondary cooks) who cooked either with biomass or with LPG were enrolled. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood glucose was measured in all study participants and data on 24-hour personal exposure to fine particulate matter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and lung function (by spirometry) were measured on a subset using a standard protocol. Socio-demographic data, cooking practices and other information were collected using a validated questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done in SPSS v26.

Results:
Results highlighted that SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure and glucose level were significantly higher in the biomass group compared to the LPG group in both primary and secondary cooks. The prevalence of hypertension in primary and secondary cooks was 29.5 and 33.6 respectively in biomass users compared to 21.1 and 13.4 in LPG users. Higher number of obstructive airway pattern (n = 10; 6.4% vs n = 2 1.3%), restrictive airway pattern (n = 31; 19.7 % vs n = 19; 12.5 %) and small airway obstruction (n = 55; 35.0 % vs n = 22; 14.4 %) was observed in biomass group compared to LPG group respectively. After adjusting for age, BMI and study group, it was seen that biomass exposure index (odds ratio [OR] 2.288; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.169, 4.479, P = 0.016) and PM2.5 levels (OR 1.065; 95% CI 1.035, 1.096, P < 0.001) significantly increased the odds of having hypertension.

Conclusions:
Based on preliminary analysis, it can be concluded that the use of biomass is significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension and impaired lung function. Thus, adoption of cleaner cooking fuels like LPG will have meaningful clinical and public health benefits.
PS-P04-2: 24 HOUR AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE PROFILE OF HYPERTENSIVE AND PRE-HYPERTENSIVE HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN A PHILIPPINE TERTIARY HOSPITAL
Authors: Abarquez Anna , Llanes Elmer Jasper , Santos Lourdes Ella , Bongcawil Roxanne 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:
To determine the blood pressure profile and phenotypes of hypertensive health care workers and its association to BP control dipping status.

Design and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study of hypertensive employees who underwent 24 hr ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Clinical profile, and ABPM data were also evaluated

Results:
181 patients were included with majority from 50–59 years old age group (33.3%), female (70.17%), non-shift workers (61.88%) with the most common comorbidity of obesity (60.22%) and suspected obstructive sleep apnea (60.22%). All the known hypertensives (100%) had uncontrolled blood pressure despite being on antihypertensive medication. The most frequent anti-hypertensive drug was an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB, most cited was Losartan), comprising 62% among those on antihypertensive medication followed by calcium channel blockers (CCB- 23%). Majority or 73% were on mono therapy. The following hypertension phenotypes were identified: Sustained hypertension (64.7%), masked hypertension (13.26%), white coat hypertension (7.18%), and non-dippers (66%). Healthcare workers who work > 9 hours were 2.05 times more likely to be non-dippers compared to healthcare workers who works up to 9 hours.

Conclusion:
Among health care workers, 24 hour blood pressure were uncontrolled more in females 50–59years old, with association on working hours> 8 hours, without association to shift work, and job classification. There is a significant association of longer work hours and nocturnal dipping pattern.
This study highlights the importance of 24-hour ABPM to detect 24-hr pattern and identify ABPM parameters at high risk for cardiovascular outcomes and finally determine blood pressure control among known hypertensive patients on maintenance medications.
PS-P04-4: BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Hu Zhe , Qin Li , Chen Xin 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
To investigate the blood pressure variability (BPV) and its relevant factors in preschool children.

Design and method:
A total of 497 preschool children from two public kindergartens in Shanghai were enrolled. Blood pressure (BP) was standardized measured three times consecutively in a sitting position. Demographic information was collected. The measures used for BPV were the difference between the third and the first systolic blood pressure (SBP) (Delta-SBP), the difference between the third and the first diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (Delta-DBP), standard deviation of SBP (SBPSD) and DBP (DBPSD), and coefficient of variation of SBP (SBPCV) and DBP (DBPCV). Statistical analysis was performed by SAS9.4.

Results:
The subjects were on average 4.5 ± 0.8 years and 49.7% male. Mean blood pressure was 96/56mmHg. BPV was not significantly different between sex, however, it was significantly different among different SBP grade groups. According to the quartile of the first SBP, the subjects were divided into four groups. SBPSD and SBPCV were greater with the increase in SBP level. DBPSD and DBPCV were not significantly different among groups. Multiple linear regression showed that Delta-SBP was negatively correlated with the first SBP (Fig. 1), that was, the higher the first SBP, the magnitude of decrease from the third SBP to the first SBP was greater. After adjustment for sex, age, height, and weight, the first SBP was positively correlated with SBPCV.

Conclusions:
This study revealed that the higher the first SBP in preschool children, the greater the blood pressure variability may be.
PS-P04-8: COMPARISON OF INDICES OF WITHIN-VISIT BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY IN MAY MEASUREMENT MONTH 2019
Authors: Kerr Gabriele Keziah , Schlaich Markus , Schutte Aletta E , Stergiou George , Poulter Neil , Beaney Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
There is a lack of consensus on the optimal mathematical indices for quantifying blood pressure variability (BPV). We sought to compare four established indices of BPV across six age strata among the substantial international population screened during May Measurement Month (MMM) 2019.

Design and method:
Within visit BPV of readings taken at 1 minute intervals was calculated for each of the 1,133,008 participants with three readings on a single occasion. Indices of BPV were the standard deviation (SD), absolute difference in BP from the first to the second reading (AR), coefficient of variation (CV), and variation independent of the mean (VIM). Mixed effects regression models were fit with a random intercept for country of screening site to account for clustering. Three models were created for each systolic (sbp) and diastolic (dbp) BPV metric: (1) unadjusted, (2) adjusted for average BP, and (3) adjusted for average BP, sex, and use of antihypertensive medication (multifactor).

Results:
Unadjusted models of sbpSD and sbpAR showed increased BPV with age from 40 to 49 years onwards. In average BP and multifactor adjusted models of all indices and unadjusted models of sbpVIM and sbpCV, systolic BPV decreased with age from 18 to 49 years but was similar across the remaining age categories (Fig.1A). Diastolic BPV displayed a “U shaped” association with age such that it was lowest in the 40 to 49 year group and relatively higher in the youngest and oldest age categories (Fig.1B).
Adjustment for average BP significantly altered coefficient estimates for SD and AR (Fig.1). Compared to unadjusted models, adjustment for average BP modestly affected effect estimates for sbpCV, dbpCV, sbpVIM, and dbpVIM (Fig.1). Compared to models only adjusted for average BP, multifactor adjusted models resulted in increases in the relative differences in systolic within visit BPV across age categories but estimates for diastolic BPV across age categories were slightly attenuated on multifactor adjustment.

Conclusions:
Unlike AR and SD, CV and VIM were largely independent of average BP levels. Unlike VIM, to calculate CV for an individual solely requires parameters derived from their own BP readings. Models of CV produced similar outputs those produced by models of VIM, which suggests CV may have utility in clinical practice settings as an index of within visit BPV that is relatively independent of average BP while simple to calculate. The relative clinical utility and prognostic implications of these metrics of BPV remain to be assessed.