bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of genetic variants affecting reproduction traits in Vrindavani cattle
Authors: Gangwar Munish , Kumar Subodh , Ahmad Sheikh Firdous , Singh Akansha , Agarwal Swati , L Anitta. P. , Kumar Amit 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are one of the best ways to look into the connection between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and phenotypic performance. This study aimed to identify the genetic variants that significantly affect the important reproduction traits in Vrindavani cattle using genome-wide SNP chip array data. In this study, 96 randomly chosen Vrindavani cows were genotyped using the Illumina Bovine50K BeadChip platform. A linear regression model of the genome-wide association study was fitted in the PLINK program between genome-wide SNP markers and reproduction traits, including age at first calving (AFC), inter calving period (ICP), dry days (DD), and service period (SP) in the first three lactations. Information on different QTLs and genes, overlapping or adjacent to genomic coordinates of significant SNPs, was also mined from relevant databases in order to identify biological pathways associated with reproductive traits in bovine. The Bonferroni correction resulted in 39 SNP markers present on different chromosomes being identified that significantly affected the variation in AFC (6 SNPs), ICP (7 SNPs), DD (9 SNPs), and SP (17 SNPs), respectively. Novel potential candidate genes for reproductive traits identified using the GWAS methodology included UMPS, ITGB5, ADAM2, UPK1B, TEX55, bta-mir-708, TMPO, TDRD5, MAPRE2, PTER, AP3B1, DPP8, PLAT, TXN2, NDUFAF1, TGFA, DTNA, RSU1, KCNQ1, ADAM32, and CHST8. The significant SNPs and genes associated with the reproductive traits and the enriched genes may be exploited as candidate biomarkers in animal improvement programs, especially for improved reproduction performance in bovines.
Resistance to Sulfur Dioxide as a Criterion for Selecting Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Organic Winemaking
Authors: Peskova Irina , Tanashchuk Tatiana , Ostroukhova Elena , Lutkova Nataliya , Vyugina Mariya 
Published: March 2023

Sulfur dioxide is a popular conserving agent and antioxidant in winemaking. Unfortunately, it is bad for human health. Some yeast strains can reduce the dose of sulfur dioxide. Such yeasts should have good fermentation activity and dominate when inoculated into grape must. In addition, it should not synthesize sulfur dioxide and SO2-binding substances. The synthesis of sulfur dioxide and carbonyl compounds by yeast is related to the mechanisms of sulfur dioxide detoxification. The research objective was to study the relationship between the resistance of yeast to sulfur dioxide and its ability to synthesize sulfur dioxide and acetaldehyde during growth.
The study featured 17 yeast strains of the genus Saccharomyces. The yeasts were cultivated on grape must in a CGQ device until the stationary growth phase. The concentration of free and bound forms of sulfur dioxide was determined by titration, while that of aldehydes was determined by bisulfite method. The sulfite resistance of strains was measured ¬¬by the growth response of yeast cells to sulfur dioxide using CGQ technology.
Yeast strains differed in the degree of sulfur dioxide resistance. The samples were divided according to the increase in the lag phase time: by ≥ 8 h (sensitive), by 2–6 h, without changes (resistant). At Wilks L = 0.228 and α = 0.05, the sensitive cultures in a SO2-free medium had the highest value of minimal generation time in the exponential growth phase (5.3 ± 2.1 h). The resistant samples demonstrated the highest synthesis of acetaldehyde (54.7 ± 11.1 mg/L) and sulfur dioxide (21.0 ± 10.3 mg/L). The second group cultures had the lowest content of SO2-bound forms in the medium (10.9 ± 4.2 mg/L) and were in an interposition in terms of other indicators.
The time it takes a yeast strain to adapt to sulfur dioxide can be used as a parameter for the primary culture selection in eco-winemaking. According to the physiological and biochemical profile, the resistant strains can be recommended for the production of SO2-low wines, while the samples from the second test group proved optimal for organic wines. Further research will expand the range of yeast strains and their indicators.
Biotechnology of Lactulose Production: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects
Authors: Ryabtseva Svetlana , Khramtsov Andrey , Shpak Maria , Lodygin Alexey , Anisimov Georgy , Sazanova Serafima , Tabakova Yulia 
Published: March 2023

Lactulose is a prebiotic that has found a wide application in medicine and food industry. Commercial lactulose is usually synthesized by isomerization in alkaline media at high temperatures. Enzymatic methods offer a more sustainable alternative and require more moderate processing conditions.
This review covers 44 years of scientific publications (1978–2022) on the enzymatic synthesis and purification of lactulose. The materials were retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Elibrary databases.
The enzymatic approach to lactose-to-lactulose conversion has two methods: isomerization (direct) and transgalactosylation (via hydrolysis). Isomerization exploits cellulose-2-epimerases, but their safety status is still rather vague. As a result, cellulose-2-epimerases are not commercial. Epilactose is a by-product of isomerization. Transgalactosylation involves β-galactosidases with an official international safety status (GRAS). It is available on the market, and its action mechanism is well understood. This article systematizes various data on the conditions for obtaining the maximal yields of lactulose by different enzymes.
The Kluyveromyces lactis yeast and the Aspergillus oryzae mold are the main sources of β-galactosidases in lactulose production. The yield can reach 30% if the processing conditions are optimal. Fructose remains the main problem in the production process. No scientific publications revealed a direct relationship between the maximal yields of lactulose and the molar fructose-tolactose ratios. Cellobiose epimerases make it possible to achieve high yields of lactulose (70–80%). However, these enzymes are associated with genetic engineering and mutagenesis, which challenges their safety status. The most promising trends in lactulose biotechnology include secondary dairy raw materials, immobilized enzymes, membrane reactors, complex production processes, lactose-to-lactulose conversion, and purification of final product.
Chemical Composition and Sensory Profile of Sauerkraut from Different Cabbage Hybrids
Authors: Yanchenko Elena , Volkova Galina , Kuksova Elena , Virchenko Ivan , Yanchenko Aleksey , Serba Elena , Ivanova Maria 
Published: March 2023

Fermented foods have a longer shelf life and higher nutritional value. Sauerkraut products depend on the quality of the raw material. Not every cabbage variety is suitable for processing. The present research objective was to test several cabbage hybrids for natural fermentation, microbiological parameters, and native sugar content after four months of storage.
The study featured twelve new-generation white cabbage hybrids of Russian selection and sauerkraut foods. The experimental batches were stored for four months at –1–0°C. Fermentation occurred at 21°C and final pH ≤ 3.6. The sugar content and titratable acidity were measured by standard methods. The method of limiting dilutions was applied to determine the microbial count. The microbiological seeding process followed standard procedures.
The highest content of total sugars before fermentation belonged to the late-ripening hybrids Prestizh F1 (5.92%), Gertsoginya F1 (5.82%), and Idillia F1 (5.28%), as well as to the late-ripening Atlant F1 (5.49%). The greatest sugar content was registered in Prestizh F1 (4.78%), Kontinent F1 (4.30%), and Gertsoginya F1 (4.07%). The mass fraction of titratable acids in terms of lactic acid averaged 1.04% for all the samples. The difference in the chemical composition depended on the hybrid and microbial count during fermentation. The lactic acid bacteria content was as high as 8.17×107 CFU/cm3 in Severyanka F1. All the samples were resistant to undesirable microflora, i.e., yeasts and molds.
All the cabbage hybrids were suitable for fermentation even after four months of storage. Their own lactic microflora was sufficient for fermentation and traditional sensory properties.
Public Catering Enterprises: Analysis and Prospects of Innovative Development
Authors: Mayurnikova Larisa , Koksharov Arkadiy , Krapiva Tatyana , Petkovich Anna , Meshkov Vladislav 
Published: March 2023

Public catering has become an important healthy food provider in Russia. As a rule, this sphere is represented by small businesses with no experience in innovation. Their prospects for innovative development depend on the form of ownership, size, and target audience. The present research objective was to develop recommendations on how to restructure a public catering enterprise as part of an innovative development strategy.
The study featured public catering enterprises together with their innovative potential, activities, and factors that contribute to or hinder their development. The innovative restructuring scenarios were based on the synthesis method.
The authors developed a goal-centered classification which includes commercial and socially oriented public catering enterprises with their own advantages and disadvantages. The list of disadvantages includes decentralization, overstaffing, and multi-format, which make it difficult to introduce innovations and strategizing. The restructuring process requires a new management system optimized by specialists competent in the field of innovation, as well as a new matrix of strategic resources.
An audit of public catering enterprises makes it possible to assess their competitiveness and strategic prospects. The current lack of personnel with experience in innovations hinders the development of the industry. Universities and regional innovation infrastructure should provide public catering with specialists in innovation management.
Peptides of Trypsin Hydrolyzate in Bovine Colostrum
Authors: Tikhonov Sergey , Tikhonova Nataliya , Tursunov Khatam , Danilova Irina , Lazarev Vladimir 
Published: March 2023

Bovine colostrum contains biologically active substances, e.g., immunoglobulins, peptides, and cytokines, which makes it a logical component of numerous functional products. Colostrum peptides also possess antimicrobial activity. This bioavailability increases during colostrum fermentation with proteolytic enzymes. The research objective was to describe peptides isolated from the trypsic hydrolyzate supernatant of bovine colostrum and to evaluate their antimicrobial and antifungal properties.
The supernatant of trypsin hydrolyzate of bovine colostrum was isolated by centrifugation at 3900 rpm for 7 min. The supernatant was separated by preparative chromatography. Its peptide composition was determined on a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer, while the protein sequences were deciphered using the Mascot database. Proteins were precipitated with ammonium sulfate, and the antimicrobial activity was measured by the disk-diffusion method against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and dipoloid fungi. Strains were cultivated on a thick LB nutrient medium at 37°C. The antimicrobial activity was defined experimentally on Wistar rats infected intraperitoneally with Salmonella enteritidis 92.
The trypsin hydrolyzate supernatant of bovine colostrum revealed four peptides, one of which belonged to short peptides, while the remaining three belonged to polypeptides. The isolated peptides had different molecular weights of 8.4, 6.5, 13.0, and 18 kDa. The enzymatic hydrolyzate proved bactericidal against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and demonstrated antifungal activity against Candida albicans. When rats infected with S. enteritidis 92 were administered with trypsin hydrolysate, it promoted their survival, decreased LD50, and increased the mean day of death period from 2 to 4 days.
The research proved the antimicrobial effect of colostrum peptides and suggested their immunotropic properties. The peptides obtained from the trypsin hydrolyzate supernatant of bovine colostrum can be recommended for functional food industry as part of antimicrobial products.
Transformation of Apple Composition during Cider Production
Authors: Shirshova Anastasia , Ageyeva Natalia , Ulyanovskaya Elena , Chernutskaya Evgenia 
Published: March 2023

Cider is obtained by fermenting mashed apples of special cider varieties. The Russian State Register of Selection Achievements includes 476 varieties of apples, some of which can be used in commercial cider production. To identify potential cider cultivars, food scientists study the transformation of chemicals in apple mash during fermentation.
The research involved 16 samples of apple mash and cider obtained from apples of foreign and domestic selection. Their physicochemical, biochemical, and sensory parameters were identified using standard methods, as well as the methods of high-performance capillary electrophoresis and gas chromatography.
The samples revealed a wide range of concentrations of titratable acids, phenolic substances, ascorbic acids, and phenolcarboxylic acids, depending on the cultivar. After fermentation, the content of ascorbic acid decreased by an average of 76%. The content of phenolcarboxylic acids in the cider samples increased by an average of 51% compared with the apple mash samples. The ciders contained succinic, oxalic, lactic, and acetic acids, which were not registered in the apple mash, and the concentration of amino acids doubled. The cider from the Virginia variety had the best sensory profile, and it also had the highest concentration of phenolic substances (1121.6 mg/dm3).
In this research, the best characteristics belonged to the ciders from apple varieties with a complex interspecific origin, obtained by a complex of polyploidy and distant hybridization methods, and with high concentrations of sugars and phenolic substances in the apple mash. Further research will test varieties of other origins and physicochemical properties for their potential use in cider, vodka, and calvados production.
The improvement of wavelet-based multilinear regression for suspended sediment load modeling by considering the physiographic characteristics of the watershed
Authors: Nejatian Niloofar , Yavary Nia Mohsen , Yousefyani Hooshyar , Shacheri Fatemeh , Yavari Nia Melika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to model a relationship between the amount of the suspended sediment load by considering the physiographic characteristics of the Lake Urmia watershed. For this purpose, the information from different stations was used to develop the sediment estimation models. Ten physiographic characteristics were used as input parameters in the simulation process. The M5 model tree was used to select the most important features. The results showed that the four factors of annual discharge, average annual rainfall, form factor and the average elevation of the watershed were the most important parameters, and the multilinear regression models were created based on these factors. Furthermore, it was concluded that the annual discharge was the most influential parameter. Then, the stations were divided into two homogeneous classes based on the selected features. To improve the efficiency of the M5 model, the non-stationary rainfall and runoff signals were decomposed into sub-signals by the wavelet transform (WT). By this technique, the available trends of the main raw signals were eliminated. Finally, the models were developed by multilinear regressions. The model using all four factors had the best performance (DC = 0.93, RMSE = 0.03, ME = 0.05 and RE = 0.15).
Metabolome Profiling of Malignant Ascites Identifies Candidate
Metabolic Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Weijia , Wu Yue , Zhang Qinsheng , Cui Peilin 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Malignant ascites is one of the severe complications of hepatocellular
carcinoma, which can be regarded as a unique tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular
carcinoma. The identification of novel biomarkers in malignant ascites could
be crucial to differentiate patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic ascites.

Objective:
The study aimed to distinguish the metabolomics of malignant ascites in patients
with hepatocellular carcinoma from that of non-malignant ascites (cirrhotic
ascites).

Methods:
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to analyze the differentially
distributed biomarkers in patients with malignant ascites and hepatocellular carcinoma
(n = 39), as well as in patients with cirrhotic ascites, which were taken as controls
(n = 36).

Results:
Our results suggest that the key factors associated with pathways, such as
arachidonic acid, phenylalanine, and glutamic acid pathways, are potential ascitic fluidbased
biomarkers for differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis ascites; the
results also provide a clinical pathophysiological interpretation of biomarkers and
metabolic pathways relevant to disease status.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that the key factors associated with pathways, such as
arachidonic acid, phenylalanine, and glutamic acid pathways, are potential ascitic fluidbased
biomarkers for differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis ascites; the
results also provide a clinical pathophysiological interpretation of biomarkers and
metabolic pathways relevant to disease status.
Refinement and Usability Analysis of an eHealth App for Ankylosing Spondylitis as a Complementary Treatment to Physical Therapy: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nitschke Marlies , Nwosu Obioma Bertrand , Grube Lara , Knitza Johannes , Seifer Ann-Kristin , Eskofier Bjoern M , Schett Georg , Morf Harriet 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Mobile eHealth apps have been used as a complementary treatment to increase the quality of life of patients and provide new opportunities for the management of rheumatic diseases. Telemedicine, particularly in the areas of prevention, diagnostics, and therapy, has become an essential cornerstone in the care of patients with rheumatic diseases.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to improve the design and technology of YogiTherapy and evaluate its usability and quality.

METHODS

We newly implemented the mobile eHealth app YogiTherapy with a modern design, the option to change language, and easy navigation to improve the app’s usability and quality for patients. After refinement, we evaluated the app by conducting a study with 16 patients with AS (4 female and 12 male; mean age 48.1, SD 16.8 y). We assessed the usability of YogiTherapy with a task performance test (TPT) with a think-aloud protocol and the quality with the German version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS).

RESULTS

In the TPT, the participants had to solve 6 tasks that should be performed on the app. The overall task completion rate in the TPT was high (84/96, 88% completed tasks). Filtering for videos and navigating to perform an assessment test caused the largest issues during the TPT, while registering in the app and watching a yoga video were highly intuitive. Additionally, 12 (75%) of the 16 participants completed the German version of MARS. The quality of YogiTherapy was rated with an average MARS score of 3.79 (SD 0.51) from a maximum score of 5. Furthermore, results from the MARS questionnaire demonstrated a positive evaluation regarding functionality and aesthetics.

CONCLUSIONS

The refined and tested YogiTherapy app showed promising results among most participants. In the future, the app could serve its function as a complementary treatment for patients with AS. For this purpose, surveys with a larger number of patients should still be conducted. As a substantial advancement, we made the app free and openly available on the iOS App and Google Play stores.
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Materi Reaksi Polimerisasi Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Sains Mahasiswa
Authors: Yusnaidar Yusnaidar , Syahri Wilda , Muhaimin Muhaimin , Sinaga Winda Sitia Elisabet Br 
Published: March 2023

[Development of Learning Multimedia for Polymerization Reaction to Improve Students' Science Literacy Ability]
Mata kuliah Polimer di Prodi Pendidikan Kimia merupakan salah satu mata kuliah yang materinya banyak mengkaji reaksi polimerisasi. Kemampuan literasi kimia polimer mahasiswa pada materi reaksi polimerisasi merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang penting untuk dimiliki oleh mahasiswa di era pendidikan saat ini. Pada saat ini hampir di semua lini kehidupan berhubungan dengan polimer. Reaksi polimerisasi adalah reaksi senyawa molekul besar berbentuk rantai atau jaringan yang tersusun dari gabungan ribuan hingga jutaan unit pembangun yang berulang. Karakteristik materi reaksi polimerisasi yang bersifat abstrak membuat mahasiswa tidak dapat melihat secara langsung proses yang terjadi pada sistem reaksi Â polimerisasi. Â Penjelasan Â tersebut Â apabila Â disampaikan Â secara Â teori Â sulitÂ untuk dipahamiÂ Â mahasiswa. Maka, untuk materi reaksi polimerisasi diperlukan penjelasan menggunakanÂ multimedia Â yang memilikiÂ representasiÂ kimia Â khususnya multipel representasi.Â Â PengembanganÂ Â mediaÂ Â pembelajaranÂ Â reaksiÂ Â polimerisasiÂ Â (MPRP)Â Â telah dilakukan yang mengandung multipel representasi yang dapat membantu mahasiswa untuk dapat secara mandiri mempelajari dan memahami materi reaksi polimerisasi, sehingga memberikan keleluasaan dan keluwesan bagi mahasiswa. MPRP hasil pengembangan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analisis, Desain, Pengembangan, Implementasi, Evaluasi) dinilai sangat baik oleh ahli materi dan media, serta hasil respons mahasiswa dikatakan bahwa MPRP dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam mempelajari reaksi polimerisasi, sehingga diharapkan MPRP dapat meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains kimia polimer mahasiswa pada materi reaksi polimerisasi
The Effectiveness of Learning Using Virtual Laboratory Toward Student Critical Thinking Ability on Acid-Base Titration Lesson
Authors: Putri Zera Seftiami , Kurniawati Yenni 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The learning with experiment activities in the laboratory could increase students' critical thinking ability, but there were some obstacles in its implementation such as a lack of practical work tools in the laboratory.Â To overcome it, it was used a learning media that could show practical work virtually.Â This research aimed to know the difference in critical thinking ability between students taught by using a learning method with virtual laboratory and those who were taught by using conventional learning, and the effectiveness of learning using virtual laboratory toward student critical thinking.Â The experimental method was used in this research with pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design and purposive sampling technique.Â The techniques of analyzing the data were t-test to know the difference in student critical thinking and N-gain test to know the effectiveness level.Â The research findings showed that there was a difference in critical thinking ability between students of experimental and control groups, the posttest mean score of critical thinking ability of the experimental group was 81.91 and the control group was 75.22, this difference could also be seen from the calculation result of t-test that the significance score 0.002 was lower than 0.05, so H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted; effective learning.Â It was proven by the obtained N-gain score of each student in the experimental group, 28 students were in the high N-gain category with 93.33% percentage and 2 students who were in the medium N-gain category with 6.67% percentage.Â