bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drag Reduction of Complex Mixtures in Turbulent Pipe Flows
Authors: Watanabe Keizo , Ogata Satoshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The drag reduction of high molecular polymer solutions can be divided into two types: Type A and B. Type A corresponds to the solutions of synthetic polymers such as polyethylene oxide or polyacrylic amide. In contrast, Type B corresponds to the solutions of biopolymers such as xanthan gum, guar gum, and polysaccharide. Experiments were performed to measure the friction factor and heat transfer coefficient for the aqueous suspensions of graphene oxide shin-plate particles. The results show that the complex fluids exhibit a Type B drag reduction phenomenon in the turbulent flow range. The onset point of the drag reduction was found to be 𝑅𝑒√𝑓 ≅ 260 for Cw=0.1 wt%. This point increased compared to the experimental results for Cw = 0.5 wt% graphene oxide solutions that have been reported on drag reduction. In general, aqueous suspensions of fine particles are characterized by an increase in the friction factor and the heat transfer coefficient as compared to water. However, the aqueous suspension of the graphene shin-plate particles produces the drag reduction of the friction factor and increases the heat transfer coefficient. Therefore, suspensions become a useful carrier for the cooling pipeline system. Considering the predicted velocity profiles of the aqueous suspensions of graphene oxide shin-plate particles and the dried malted rice culture solutions classified as biopolymer, it was pointed out that the thickness of the viscous sublayer increases, and the width of the buffer zone narrows in the turbulent pipe flow on the mechanism of Type B drag reduction.
Extent of Nutritional failure among under-five children from an urban slum in South India: A cross-sectional assessment using Composite index of Anthropometric failure
Authors: Mohandas Anu , Priya Hamsa , Varma Pavani , Pattnaik Snigdha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction

NFHS-5 Telangana statistics reports underweight, stunting, and wasting among under 5 children to be 31.8%, 33.1%, and 21.7% respectively.Nutritional assessment is done by several methods. Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure(CIAF) is an aggregate indicator that excludes children with anthropometric failure and includes children who are wasted, stunted, or underweight, and their combinations. Only a few published research regarding the prevalence of under nutrition have utilized CIAF and explored the association between food intake with anthropometric failures in urban slums of Telangana.

Objectives

To determine the prevalence of anthropometric nutritional failures and to find the determinants among under-five children in an urban slum area of Hyderabad

Methodology

A cross sectional community based study was conducted among 309 under 5 children residing in the urban-slum area of Hyderabad. Sampling of anganwadis was done by probability proportionate to size and children were randomly selected within anganwadis. Using questionnaire and standard operating procedures, socio-demographic profile, health details and nutritional assessment was done. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 26.

Results

The prevalence of under nutrition as per CIAF is noted to be 39.6%. The prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting were found to be 20.7%, 26.8% and 12%, respectively. The illiteracy of father[AOR:2.94(CI: 1.31–6.62);p value = 0.009],low birth weight[AOR:2.024(CI: 1.253–3.26);p value = 0.004], not exclusively breastfed[AOR:4.291(CI: 1.55-11.904);p value = 0.005] and deficient calorie intake[AOR:2.079(CI:1.103–3.906);p value = 0.023]were found to be the significant predictors of Anthropometric failure.

Conclusion

Under nutrition is an important public health problem with 40% prevalence in urban slum of Telangana. CIAF provides a single, aggregated assessment of under nutrition in the community. Enhancing the literacy level of fathers, reduction in low birth weight through better nutrition of mothers during pregnancy, better IYCF practices and providing children with a calorie adequate diet will aid in enhancing children's nutritional status.
Tropical tree quality and sawmill yield in the amazon rainforest
Authors: Casagrande Michelly 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The low sawn timber yield of tropical species is caused by quality of the logs, among other factors. The objective was to evaluate the quality of logs and the sawn wood yield for export of the tropical species. The log quality parameters analyzed were conicity, flattening, curving, buttresses, cracks, heartwood percentage and net volume. The yield of sawn timber for export differed between species and ranged There was variation in the quality of the logs and the yield of sawn timber for export due to the distinctive characteristics of the species evaluated.
Taraxasterol suppresses the proliferation and tumor growth of prostate cancer cells through the FGFR2-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Jinqiu , Xin Chulin , Yin Guangfen , Li Juan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa)is prevalent among older men and difficult to survive after metastasis. It is urgent to find new drugs and treatments. Several studies show that taraxasterol (TAX) has important anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor effects. However, the function and mechanisms of TAX in PCa remain unclear. Here, we found that TAX could significantly suppress the viability and growth of PCa cells and down-regulate the expression of c-Myc and cyclin D1 in vitro. Mechanistically, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was weakened and the expression of FGFR2 was reduced after TAX treatment in PCa cells. Moreover, TAX evidently inhibited the tumor growth in nude mice and the expression of c-Myc, cyclin D1, p-AKT and FGFR2 were down-regulated in xenograft tumor. These results indicate that TAX suppresses the proliferation of PCa cells via inhibiting the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and the expression of FGFR2, which means TAX may be a novel anti-tumor agent for PCa treatment.
Extensive systemic thrombo embolism including intra-cardiac thrombosis mimicking an atrial myxoma in a patient with beta thalassaemia major
Authors: Welhenge Chiranthi , Ranasinghe Rumesh , Rajapakse Sanjeewa , Premawardhena Anuja 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report the case of a 20-year-old female splenectomised thalassaemia major patient with severe iron overload, who presented with life threatening sepsis associated with a liver abscess. Her clinical course was complicated with an intra cardiac thrombus. 2D echocardiogram and Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) chest revealed a large oscillating mass in right atrium extending from the left hepatic vein through the inferior vena cava. After a prolonged Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay supported with antibiotics and anticoagulation she had a good clinical recovery with evidence of resolution of the intra cardiac thrombus.
Part-time Work and Sickness Absence – an Organization-level Analysis
Authors: Jacobsen Dag Ingvar , Fjelde Viktoria 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Absenteeism is consistently higher in public than in private organizations, and represents great cost for both individuals, organizations, and society. Most research on absenteeism has focused mostly on the individual level, less on whether and eventually how one of all organizations’ basic organization of work – the number of hours worked – affects absence. This study focuses on the relationship between part-time work and sickness absence at the organizational level.
Methods
The data is a six-year panel for all Norwegian municipalities, linking register data on both part-time employment and sickness absence, while controlling for other relevant organizational and environmental variables like municipal size and economic resources. Data were analyzed using OLS regression with fixed effects for municipality and time.
Results
The main findings are that the organizations’ use of part-time work is unrelated to sickness absence.
Conclusions
While concerns have been raised on whether part-employees would be less attached to the organization, leading to higher absenteeism, this study indicates that organizations with extensive use of part-time work do not experience higher levels of absenteeism than those having less extensive use of part-time employees.
Analyzing the diagnostic value of ultrasound on different-sized thyroid nodules based on ACR TI-RADS
Authors: li weimin , Ye Feng , Yang Chen , Xu Dong , Fan Xiaofang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The current study aims to explore diagnostic value of the thyroid imaging, reporting and data system (TI-RADS) published by the American College of Radiology (ACR) on different-sized thyroid nodules.
Methods: A total of 1183 thyroid nodules were selected from 952 patients with thyroid nodules confirmed by surgical pathology from January 2021 to October 2022. Based on the maximum diameters of the nodules, they were stratified into groups A (≤ 10 mm), B (> 10 mm, < 20 mm) and C (≥ 20 mm). The ultrasonic features of the thyroid nodules in each group were evaluated and scored based on ACR TI-RADS, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to determine the optimal cut-off value for the ACR TI-RADS scores and categories in each group. Finally, the diagnostic efficacy of ACR TI-RADS on different-sized thyroid nodules was analyzed.
Results: Among the 1183 thyroid nodules, 340 were benign, 10 were low-risk and 833 were malignant. The scores and categorical levels of malignant thyroid nodules in each group were higher than those of benign ones (P<0.05). The areas under the ROCs (AUCs) plotted based on scores were 0.741, 0.907, and 0.904 respectively in the three groups, and the corresponding optimal cut-off values were > 6 points, > 5 points and > 4 points respectively. While the AUCs of the ACR TI-RADS categories were 0.668, 0.855, and 0.887 respectively in each group, with the optimal cut-off values were all > TR4. Besides, for thyroid nodules of larger sizes, ACR-TIRADS exhibited weaker sensitivity with lower positive prediction value (PPV), but the specificity and negative prediction value (NPV) were both higher, presenting with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: For thyroid nodules of different sizes, the diagnostic efficacy of ACR TI-RADS varies as well. The system shows better diagnostic efficacy on thyroid nodules of > 10 mm than on those ≤ 10 mm. Considering the favorable prognosis of thyroid microcarcinoma and the low diagnostic efficacy of ACR TI-RADS on it, the scoring and classification of thyroid micro-nodules can be left out in appropriate cases, so as to avoid the over-diagnosis and over-treatment of thyroid microcarcinoma to a certain extent.
Manufacture of carbon storage sintered body using microwave-selective and high-speed heating techniques
Authors: Kashimura Keiichiro , Oshita Akio , Miyata Takeshi , Segawa Satoru , Yokawa Hiroshi , Tendo Kazunari , Kurooka Kouhei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Microwave sintering of fly ash samples with large amounts of unburned carbon and CaCO3 was examined in this study. To this end, CaCO3 was mixed with fly ash sintered body to fix CO2. The decomposition of CaCO3 was observed when the raw material was heated to 1000 ℃ using microwave irradiation; however, a sintered body containing aragonite was obtained when the raw material with water was heated to 1000°C. Further, carbides in the fly ash could be selectively heated by controlling the microwave irradiation. The microwave magnetic field created a temperature gradient of 100°C in a narrow region of 2.7 µm or less in the sintered body, and it helped suppress the CaCO3 decomposition of the mixture in sintering. By storing water in the gas phase, CaCO3, which is difficult to sinter with conventional heating, can be sintered without decomposing.
Dark-Bright Exciton Splitting Dominates Low-Temperature Diffusion in Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Assemblies
Authors: Bornschlegl Andreas , Lichtenegger Michael , Luber Leo , Lampe Carola , Bodnarchuk Maryna , Kovalenko Maksym , Urban Alexander 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals could replace conventional bulk materials completely in displays and light-emitting diodes. However, the organic ligands enabling their unique optical properties, prevent current flow in nanocrystal films, leaving energy transfer as the only means of injecting or extracting carriers. Here, we investigate exciton diffusion in halide perovskite superlattices - nearly perfect 3D nanocrystal assemblies. This high degree of order is not as crucial as the individual nanocrystal size, which affects transport differently depending on temperature. Up to 70 K, a confinement-induced splitting of excitonic energies, especially for the smallest nanocrystals, traps excitons into dark levels, suppressing diffusion. At intermediate temperatures, the distance of individual FRET steps corresponding to nanocrystal size enhances diffusion in the larger nanocrystals. This trend is reversed, as exciton dissociation and carrier trapping in less strongly confined nanocrystals become dominant up to room temperature. Our results reveal that transport must be factored strongly into nanocrystal design strategies for future optoelectronic applications.
Improving the efficiency of household insecticide testing against mosquitoes
Authors: Martins Walter Fabricio Silva , Reid Emma , Tomlinson Sean Sean , Evans George , Gibson Jennie , Guy Amy , Donnelly Martin , Weetman David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Developing robust, standardized approaches for testing mosquito populations against insecticides is a vital step for understanding the effectiveness of new active ingredients or formulations. Methods for testing mosquito susceptibility against contact insecticides or products, such as those delivered through public health programmes are well-established and standardized. Nevertheless, approaches for testing volatile or aerosolized insecticides used in household products can be challenging to standardize and implement efficiently.
Methods
We adapted WHO guidelines for household insecticides to develop a standardized and higher-throughput methodology for testing aerosolized products in Peet Grady test chamber (PG-chamber) using caged mosquitoes and an efficient decontamination method. The new approach was validated using insecticide resistant and susceptible Aedes and Anopheles mosquito colonies. An added feature is the inclusion of cage-facing cameras to allow real-time quantification of knockdown following insecticide exposure.
Results
The wipe-based decontamination method was highly effective for removing pyrethroids’ aerosolized oil-based residues from chamber surfaces, with < 2% of recorded mortality for susceptible mosquitoes tested directly on the surfaces. There was no spatial heterogeneity for knockdown or mortality of caged mosquitoes within the PG chamber, and the dual-cage approach applied effectively discriminate susceptible and resistant mosquito colonies tested side-by-side.
Conclusions
The dual-cage based assay that we implement yields eight-times the throughput compared to a free-flight protocol and allows simultaneous testing of different mosquito strains.
The Impact of Journal Clubs on Postgraduate Medical Education in China
Authors: Zhang Yue , Li Yujuan , Liu Rong , Hao Yi , Xiong Jing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Journal club plays an essential role in medical education. Studies have revealed its contribution in many countries except China. Chinese medical postgraduates are divided into academic and clinical types. This study aims to investigate their participation, performance, and gains in journal clubs and how student type and study phase influence these aspects.
Method
The authors distributed a survey involving demographic information, participation, performance, and improvements to postgraduates at Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and 232 questionaries were included in further analysis. Mann-Whitney U and Gamma tests were adopted for respective data, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
The total participation and performance resemble worldwide studies. As for student type, academic postgraduates displayed superior participation and research assistance than clinical postgraduates, while their performances were at the same level. After introducing the study phase, academic-related downward trend and clinical-related upward trend in attendance rate and listening attitude along the senior phase, as well as time-promoting presentation comments, progress after presentation and research assistance were observed.
Conclusions
In this study, the authors revealed academic postgraduates’ fatigue, clinical postgraduates’ enthusiasm, and academic-superior research assistance. We recommend encouraging and supporting scientific research training for clinical postgraduates, helping academic postgraduates establish better time management and less irrelevant work, and promoting critical appraisal skill education.
Decision support system for effective action recognition of track and field sports using Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: He Liqin , Ren Yuedong , Cheng Xinnian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Based on emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, the Internet of Things, and virtual reality, various Decision Support Systems (DSS) are being employed for the revolution in the sports industry. The coach can now make very precise and unbiased decisions related to the players’ skills and selection. It is now very convenient to improve the skills and performance of the players through the implementation of various computer-grounded methodologies. Professionals can recognize the unwanted behavior of players in time during sports and hence can ensure a peaceful atmosphere during sports. The recognition of non-standard actions by the players can help in the avoidance of serious injuries or illness. The DSS can predict the nature of the weather and the sports personnel can take decisions regarding the carrying out of games. The players can do their training without any restrictions on space and time. The real-time analysis of already existing videos of games can help the newcomers learn and improve their skills and performance. The trainers can check the physical fitness of the sportsmen very efficiently and provide them with useful and valuable recommendations related to their fitness level. The proposed study has used the Ant Colony Optimization to recognize and track the optimal features of athletes to enhance individual as well as team performance in sport competitions.
Elucidating Morpho-Molecular Diversity and Population Structure of Elite Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Germplasm
Authors: Khan Tamana , Shah Labiba , Rashid Rizwan , Afroza Baseerat , Khan Sabba , Mansoor Sheikh , Masoodi Khalid Z. , Bhat M. Ashraf , Shah Mehraj Ul Din D. , Padder Bilal A. , Mahajan Reetika 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crop is well known for its versatility worldwide and recognized as model species used extensively for various genetic studies. This study was carried out to evaluate some indigenous and exotic tomato genotypes for divergence studies using a combined multidisciplinary approach. Regardless of its significant contributions to nutritional and economic status globally, lack of diversity among the cultivated species has been witnessed extensively due to the intensive selection of genotypes with respect to specific traits and severe genetic bottlenecks.
Methods and Results
As a part of the countermeasure to restore the genetic diversity in tomato, the incorporation of wild varieties, landraces, and traditional varieties in the crop-breeding scheme is highly acknowledged. On these grounds, inter and intra-genetic diversity was assessed among 51 tomato genotypes morphologically, biochemically, and by using DNA-based marker SSR markers. A total of 15 discrete agro-morphological traits and 6 biochemical traits were undertaken in the current study for evaluating the analysis of variance, genetic parameters, and correlation. Morphological clustering divided the genotypes into 2 clusters and the genotype-wise distance matrix was obtained to identify the most diverse genotypes. PCA analysis was conducted to understand the directive relation of traits and the magnitude of variability contributed by them. SSR profiling with 24 primers identified 44 alleles with 1.83 as a mean number of alleles/SSR with an average PIC value of 0.31. Structure analysis revealed two sub-populations (K = 2). The AMOVA indicated that 98% of the total variation was present within the populations. This study presents a roadmap for composing future breeding strategies for integrating desirable traits in novel tomato lines that combine robustness and nutritive value.
Conclusion
The tomato genotypes were found to be a rich resource of germplasm with respect to genetic variation and needs to be preserved and utilized efficiently in breeding programs to rescue the gene pool wealth. The clustering patterns revealed the distinctiveness and relatedness of the panel under study. A substantial degree of morphological and molecular diversity was attained within and among the genotypes and populations. The efficiency of the SSR marker technique used in the current study can be considered for future breeding programs.
Influencing factors and prognostic value of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with complete occlusion of the left anterior descending artery reperfused by primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Jing Yongle , Lu Chengzhi , Guo Suzhen , Chen Bingwei , Ye Xuying , He Qiang , Xia Wei , Xin Ting 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of patients with acute anterior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (AAW-STEMI) whose left anterior descending (LAD) artery was completely occluded and reperfused by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and to determine the influencing factors and prognostic value of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) in the acute phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods: A total of 304 patients with AAW-STEMI were selected. The selected patients were divided into two groups: the preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (pLVEF) group (LVEF≥50%, n=185) and the reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (rLVEF) group (LVEF<50%, n=119). The influencing factors of LVSD and their predictive value for LVSD were analyzed. Patients were followed up (median follow-up: 47 months [interquartile range: 27 to 64 months]) by examining outpatient records and via telephone. The predictive value of LVSD for the survival of patients with AAW-STEMI was analyzed.
Results: Age, heart rate (HR) at admission, number of ST-segment elevation leads (STELs), peak creatine kinase (CK) and symptom to wire-crossing (STW) time were independent risk factors for LVSD. Peak CK had the strongest predictive value for LVSD. LVSD is an independent adverse factor for long-term prognosis in patients with AAW-STEMI discharged after PPCI.
Conclusions: Age, HR at admission, number of STELs, peak CK, and STW time may be used to identify patients with a high risk of heart failure (HF) in a timely manner and initiate early standard therapy for patients with AAW-STEMI whose LAD artery was completely occluded and reperfused by PPCI. Incident LVSD in the acute phase after AAW-STEMI was significantly associated with a trend toward increased mortality at follow-up.