bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
of the Implementation of the Mayor of Bengkulu Regulation Number 34 of 2019 Concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Village Facility and Infrastructure Development Activities and Community Empowerment in the Bengkulu City Village (Study
Authors: Nasrul  
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the evaluation of the implementation of the Bengkulu Mayor Regulation Number 34 of 2019. This study uses a qualitative research method that focuses on finding information regarding the evaluation of policy implementation by collecting data through interviews and documentation. The research results obtained are that the implementation of the Bengkulu Mayor Regulation Number 34 of 2019 has not run optimally. Factors that influence are the lack of socialization of policies and also the absence of a special budget for empowerment activities, especially for three institutions under the sub-district, namely the Community Empowerment Institute (LPM), Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) and Karang Taruna. From the findings in the field, PKK and Karang Taruna experience more budgetary problems than LPM. Socialization is less implemented because there is no budget available to socialize. Meanwhile, for the empowerment budget, there is still a minimum budget provided by the government, which has an impact on the lack of empowerment activities carried out. It is better if a special budget is allocated to conduct outreach to related parties so that the objectives of the policy can run well. In addition, budgetary support must also be followed up immediately by budgeting a special empowerment budget for each organization. there is still a minimum budget provided by the government, so that it has an impact on the lack of empowerment activities carried out. It is better if a special budget is allocated to conduct outreach to related parties so that the objectives of the policy can run well. In addition, budgetary support must also be followed up immediately by budgeting a special empowerment budget for each organization. there is still a minimum budget provided by the government, so that it has an impact on the lack of empowerment activities carried out. It is better if a special budget is allocated to conduct outreach to related parties so that the objectives of the policy can run well. In addition, budgetary support must also be followed up immediately by budgeting a special empowerment budget for each organization.

Keywords: Empowerment, Outreach, Budget, LPM, PKK, Karang Taruna
Typical English Teaching Methods Used in Secondary Level
Authors: Efendi Tri Achmad , Arijanto Alvin Apriliana 
Published: September 2023

This paper strived to portray the typical English teaching Methods applied by English Secondary teachers. To find the answer, there were twenty-two participants involved in this study, they were from public and private schools in East Java. The study employed qualitative methods with questionnaires, interviews and observations as the instruments. To gain the data, the researchers put all possible teaching activities or techniques taken from the theory of teaching English as a foreign language in the questionnaire. Then, the observations were done to see the actual teaching and learning process in the classroom. At last, the interview was employed to enrich the data. This current study found that mostly teachers under the study claimed to use various teaching activities in the teaching and learning process in their teaching. However, during the observations, teaching activities or techniques mainly were done with the Grammar Translation Method.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Biologi Kontekstual Melalui Penyusunan Video Partisipatif Konservasi Burung Di Hutan Adat Bukit Demulih Bangli
Authors: Putri Made Rai Kusuma Wardani Adi , Surata Sang Putu Kaler , Puspawati Dewa Ayu , Ekayanti Ni Wayan 
Published: September 2023

Partisipasi dalam pelestarian lingkungan dapat digunakan sebagai pendekatan kontekstual untuk menghubungkan antara konsep biologi dan kehidupan nyata dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pola implementasi pembelajaran biologi kontekstual (PBK) dalam penyusunan video secara partisipatif tentang konservasi burung di Hutan Adat Bukit Demulih Bangli. Rancangan penelitian kualitatif digunakan dalam memilih, memilah dan mengorganisasikan data kegiatan pembuatan video, yang melibatkan mahasiswa, dosen dan mitra desa, mulai Januari sampai Desember 2022. Data dianalisis secara deduktif dengan mengacu pada lima komponen strategi REACT (relating, experiencing, applying, cooperating dan transferring), dan aplikasi Atlas.ti 9.0. Hasil penelitian menemukan kebaharuan model PBK, yaitu semua tahapan dalam penyusunan video secara partisipatif sekaligus berorientasi mengimplementasikan beberapa komponen REACT. Padahal menurut teori, REACT diterapkan secara bertahap, mulai dari relating dan berakhir pada transferring. Temuan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa pembelajaran yang pada pendekatan partisipatif dalam penyusunan video, selain memperkaya teori PBK, juga berkontribusi dalam mempromosikan konservasi burung berbasis masyarakat.
Relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid function: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xie Liangzhuo , Zhao Huaye , Chen Wei 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundNumerous observational studies have indicated a link between the composition of gut microbiota and thyroid function. Nevertheless, the precise causal relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid function remains uncertain.MethodsIn this two-sample Mendelian randomization study, we utilized summary data from a genome-wide association study of gut microbiota composition in 18,340 participants from 24 cohorts, as well as summary statistics on thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone from the ThyroidOmics Consortium and summary statistics on hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism from the FinnGen R8 release. Five different methods, including inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode, were employed to examine the causal relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid function. Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted for taxa identified as having a causal relationship with thyroid function in the Mendelian randomization analysis. To assess the robustness of the results, sensitivity analyses were conducted employing Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test, and leave-one-out analysis.ResultsThrough MR analysis of 211 microbial taxa and 4 phenotypes, we identified a total of 34 gut microbiota taxa that were associated with the outcomes. After using the bonferroni method for multiple testing correction, phylum Actinobacteria (id.400) had a protective effect on hypothyroidism (OR=0.883, 95% CI: 0.817-0.955, P=0.002), and class Deltaproteobacteria (id.3087) had a protective effect on hyperthyroidism (OR=0.549, 95% CI: 0.374-0.805, P=0.002). According to the results of reverse MR analysis, no significant causal effect of the four phenotypes was found on gut microbiota. No significant horizontal pleiotropy was detected based on MR-Egger intercept test and MR-PRESSO global test.ConclusionThrough two-sample MR analysis, we identified specific gut microbiota taxa at the genetic level that are predicted to have a causal relationship with thyroid function, which may serve as useful biomarkers for early disease diagnosis.
Comprehensive scientometrics and visualization study profiles lymphoma metabolism and identifies its significant research signatures
Authors: Guo Song-Bin , Pan Dan-Qi , Su Ning , Huang Man-Qian , Zhou Zhen-Zhong , Huang Wei-Juan , Tian Xiao-Peng 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThere is a wealth of poorly utilized unstructured data on lymphoma metabolism, and scientometrics and visualization study could serve as a robust tool to address this issue. Hence, it was implemented.MethodsAfter strict quality control, numerous data regarding the lymphoma metabolism were mined, quantified, cleaned, fused, and visualized from documents (n = 2925) limited from 2013 to 2022 using R packages, VOSviewer, and GraphPad Prism.ResultsThe linear fitting analysis generated functions predicting the annual publication number (y = 31.685x - 63628, R² = 0.93614, Prediction in 2027: 598) and citation number (y = 1363.7x - 2746019, R² = 0.94956, Prediction in 2027: 18201). In the last decade, the most academically performing author, journal, country, and affiliation were Meignan Michel (n = 35), European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (n = 1653), USA (n = 3114), and University of Pennsylvania (n = 86), respectively. The hierarchical clustering based on unsupervised learning further divided research signatures into five clusters, including the basic study cluster (Cluster 1, Total Link Strength [TLS] = 1670, Total Occurrence [TO] = 832) and clinical study cluster (Cluster 3, TLS = 3496, TO = 1328). The timeline distribution indicated that radiomics and artificial intelligence (Cluster 4, Average Publication Year = 2019.39 ± 0.21) is a relatively new research cluster, and more endeavors deserve. Research signature burst and linear regression analysis further confirmed the findings above and revealed additional important results, such as tumor microenvironment (a = 0.6848, R² = 0.5194, p = 0.019) and immunotherapy (a = 1.036, R² = 0.6687, p = 0.004). More interestingly, by performing a “Walktrap” algorithm, the community map indicated that the “apoptosis, metabolism, chemotherapy” (Centrality = 12, Density = 6), “lymphoma, pet/ct, prognosis” (Centrality = 11, Density = 1), and “genotoxicity, mutagenicity” (Centrality = 9, Density = 4) are crucial but still under-explored, illustrating the potentiality of these research signatures in the field of the lymphoma metabolism.ConclusionThis study comprehensively mines valuable information and offers significant predictions about lymphoma metabolism for its clinical and experimental practice.
Comparative computational analysis to distinguish mesenchymal stem cells from fibroblasts
Authors: Budeus Bettina , Unger Kristian , Hess Julia , Sentek Hanna , Klein Diana 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be the most promising stem cell type for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Based on their potential to home to diseased body sites following a therapeutically application, these cells could (i) differentiate then into organ-specific cell types to locally restore injured cells or, most prominently, (ii) foster tissue regeneration including immune modulations more indirectly by secretion of protective growth factors and cytokines. As tissue-resident stem cells of mesenchymal origin, these cells are morphologically and even molecularly- at least concerning the classical marker genes- indistinguishable from similar lineage cells, particularly fibroblasts.MethodsHere we used microarray-based gene expression and global DNA methylation analyses as well as accompanying computational tools in order to specify differences between MSCs and fibroblasts, to further unravel potential identity genes and to highlight MSC signaling pathways with regard to their trophic and immunosuppressive action.ResultsWe identified 1352 differentially expressed genes, of which in the MSCs there is a strong signature for e.g., KRAS signaling, known to play essential role in stemness maintenance, regulation of coagulation and complement being decisive for resolving inflammatory processes, as well as of wound healing particularly important for their regenerative capacity. Genes upregulated in fibroblasts addressed predominately transcription and biosynthetic processes and mapped morphological features of the tissue. Concerning the cellular identity, we specified the already known HOX code for MSCs, established a potential HOX code for fibroblasts, and linked certain HOX genes to functional cell-type-specific properties. Accompanied methylation profiles revealed numerous regions, especially in HOX genes, being differentially methylated, which might provide additional biomarker potential.DiscussionConclusively, transcriptomic together with epigenetic signatures can be successfully be used for the definition (cellular identity) of MSCs versus fibroblasts as well as for the determination of the superior functional properties of MSCs, such as their immunomodulatory potential.
Fractal dimension of the cortical gray matter outweighs other brain MRI features as a predictor of transition to dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment and leukoaraiosis
Authors: Marzi Chiara , Scheda Riccardo , Salvadori Emilia , Giorgio Antonio , De Stefano Nicola , Poggesi Anna , Inzitari Domenico , Pantoni Leonardo , Mascalchi Mario , Diciotti Stefano 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe relative contribution of changes in the cerebral white matter (WM) and cortical gray matter (GM) to the transition to dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is not yet established. In this longitudinal study, we aimed to analyze MRI features that may predict the transition to dementia in patients with MCI and T2 hyperintensities in the cerebral WM, also known as leukoaraiosis.MethodsSixty-four participants with MCI and moderate to severe leukoaraiosis underwent baseline MRI examinations and annual neuropsychological testing over a 2 year period. The diagnosis of dementia was based on established criteria. We evaluated demographic, neuropsychological, and several MRI features at baseline as predictors of the clinical transition. The MRI features included visually assessed MRI features, such as the number of lacunes, microbleeds, and dilated perivascular spaces, and quantitative MRI features, such as volumes of the cortical GM, hippocampus, T2 hyperintensities, and diffusion indices of the cerebral WM. Additionally, we examined advanced quantitative features such as the fractal dimension (FD) of cortical GM and WM, which represents an index of tissue structural complexity derived from 3D-T1 weighted images. To assess the prediction of transition to dementia, we employed an XGBoost-based machine learning system using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values to provide explainability to the machine learning model.ResultsAfter 2 years, 18 (28.1%) participants had transitioned from MCI to dementia. The area under the receiving operator characteristic curve was 0.69 (0.53, 0.85) [mean (90% confidence interval)]. The cortical GM-FD emerged as the top-ranking predictive feature of transition. Furthermore, aggregated quantitative neuroimaging features outperformed visually assessed MRI features in predicting conversion to dementia.DiscussionOur findings confirm the complementary roles of cortical GM and WM changes as underlying factors in the development of dementia in subjects with MCI and leukoaraiosis. FD appears to be a biomarker potentially more sensitive than other brain features.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture in post-stroke constipation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Tianye , Wang Kaiyue , Li Lili , Yan Mingyuan , Zou Lin , Zhang Mi , Yang Songyi , Wu Jing , Liu Jinmin 
Published: September 2023

Background and objectivePost-stroke constipation (PSC) is a common complication of strokes that seriously affects the recovery and quality of life of patients, and effective treatments are needed. Acupuncture is a viable treatment option, but current evidence is insufficient to support its efficacy and safety. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of PSC.MethodsA systematic search of eight databases was conducted to identify PSC-related randomized clinical trials from the inception of each database through May 2023. Methodological quality assessment was conducted by RoB 2.0, meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.1, and evidence quality was evaluated by GRADE. Moreover, reporting quality of acupuncture interventions was assessed using the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA).ResultsThirty RCTs involving 2,220 patients were identified. We found that acupuncture was superior to conventional treatment (CT) in improving total responder rate [risk ratio (RR): 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09 to 1.25, p &lt; 0.0001], decreasing constipation symptom scores [standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.65, 95% CI: −0.83 to −0.46, p &lt; 0.00001], increasing serum P substance (SP) levels (SMD: 1.92, 95% CI: 0.47 to 3.36, p = 0.009), reducing the time to first bowel movement (BM) (SMD: -1.19, 95% CI: −2.13 to −0.25, p = 0.01), and lowing serum vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels (SMD: –2.11, 95% CI: −3.83 to −0.38, p = 0.02). Furthermore, acupuncture plus CT was superior regarding total responder rate (RR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.35, p &lt; 0.00001), serum SP levels (SMD: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.65–2.35, p &lt; 0.00001), time to first BM (SMD: –2.08, 95% CI: −2.44 to −1.71, p &lt; 0.00001), and serum VIP levels (SMD: –1.71, 95% CI: −2.24 to −1.18, p &lt; 0.00001). However, regarding Bristol Stool Scale (BSS) score, acupuncture plus CT was superior to CT (SMD: -2.48, 95% CI: −3.22 to −1.73, p &lt; 0.00001), while there was no statistically significant difference between acupuncture and CT (SMD: 0.28, 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.58, p = 0.07). Acupuncture causes fewer AEs than CT (RR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.26, p &lt; 0.00001), though there was no statistically significant difference between acupuncture plus CT vs. CT (RR: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.60 to 2.84, p = 0.51).ConclusionAcupuncture may be an effective and safe therapy for PSC. However, given the inferior quality of clinical data, additional well-designed RCTs are required to confirm these findings.
Maintenance of subsynaptic myonuclei number is not driven by neural input
Authors: Ruiz Lloyd P. , Macpherson Peter C. , Brooks Susan V. 
Published: September 2023

The development and maintenance of neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) are supported by a specialized population of myonuclei that are referred to as the subsynaptic myonuclei (SSM). The relationship between the number of SSM and the integrity of the NMJ as well as the impact of a loss of innervation on SSM remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify these associations by simultaneously analyzing SSM counts and NMJ innervation status in three distinct mouse models of acute and chronic NMJ disruption. SSM were identified using fluorescent immunohistochemistry for Nesprin1 expression, which is highly enriched in SSM, along with anatomical location beneath the muscle fiber motor endplate. Acute denervation, induced by surgical nerve transection, did not affect SSM number after 7 days. Additionally, no significant changes in SSM number were observed during normal aging or in mice with chronic oxidative stress (Sod1−/−). Both aging WT mice and Sod1−/− mice accumulated degenerating and denervated NMJ in skeletal muscle, but there was no correlation between innervation status of a given NMJ and SSM number in aged or Sod1−/− mice. These findings challenge the notion that a loss of SSM is a primary driver of NMJ degradation and leave open questions of the mechanisms that regulate SSM number as well as the physiological significance of the precise SSM number. Further investigations are required to define other properties of the SSM, such as transcriptional profiles and structural integrity, to better understand their role in NMJ maintenance.
Comparative analyses of Linderniaceae plastomes, with implications for its phylogeny and evolution
Authors: Yan Rongrong , Geng Yanfei , Jia Yuhuan , Xiang Chunlei , Zhou Xinxin , Hu Guoxiong 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionThe recently established Linderniaceae, separated from the traditionally defined Scrophulariaceae, is a taxonomically complicated family. Although previous phylogenetic studies based on a few short DNA markers have made great contributions to the taxonomy of Linderniaceae, limited sampling and low resolution of the phylogenetic tree have failed to resolve controversies between some generic circumscriptions. The plastid genome exhibits a powerful ability to solve phylogenetic relationships ranging from shallow to deep taxonomic levels. To date, no plastid phylogenomic studies have been carried out in Linderniaceae.MethodsIn this study, we newly sequenced 26 plastid genomes of Linderniaceae, including eight genera and 25 species, to explore the phylogenetic relationships and genome evolution of the family through plastid phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses.ResultsThe plastid genome size of Linderniaceae ranged from 152,386 bp to 154,402 bp, exhibiting a typical quartile structure. All plastomes encoded 114 unique genes, comprising 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The inverted repeat regions were more conserved compared with the single-copy regions. A total of 1803 microsatellites and 1909 long sequence repeats were identified, and five hypervariable regions (petN-psbM, rps16-trnQ, rpl32-trnL, rpl32, and ycf1) were screened out. Most protein-coding genes were relatively conserved, with only the ycf2 gene found under positive selection in a few species. Phylogenomic analyses confirmed that Linderniaceae was a distinctive lineage and revealed that the presently circumscribed Vandellia and Torenia were non-monophyletic.DiscussionComparative analyses showed the Linderniaceae plastomes were highly conservative in terms of structure, gene order, and gene content. Combining morphological and molecular evidence, we supported the newly established Yamazakia separating from Vandellia and the monotypic Picria as a separate genus. These findings provide further evidence to recognize the phylogenetic relationships among Linderniaceae and new insights into the evolution of the plastid genomes.