bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epoxy Thermosets Designed for Chemical Recycling
Authors: Türel Tankut , Dağlar Özgün , Eisenreich Fabian , Tomović Željko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEpoxy thermosets constitute a significant portion of high‐performance plastics, as they possess excellent thermal and mechanical properties that are applicable in a wide range of industries. Nevertheless, traditional epoxy networks show strict limitations regarding chemical recycling due to their covalently crosslinked structures. Although existing methods provide partial solutions for the recycling of epoxy networks, it is urgent to develop more effective, sustainable, and permanent strategies that will solve the problem at hand. For this purpose, developing smart monomers with functional groups that enable the synthesis and development of fully recyclable polymers is of great importance. This review highlights recent advancements in chemically recyclable epoxy systems and their potential to support a circular plastic economy. Moreover, we evaluate the practicality of polymer syntheses and recycling techniques, and assess the applicability of these networks in industry.
On relevation transform involved with statistical dependence between two component lifetimes
Authors: Fang Rui , Li Chen , Li Xiaohu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKrakowski (Rev Fr Autom Inform Rech Opèr. 1973;7:107–120.) introduced the relevation transform for component and active redundancy with independent lifetimes, and except for Johnson and Kotz (Am J Math Manag Sci. 1981;1:155–165; Nav Res Logist. 1983;30:163–169.) most subsequent researches were conducted under this framework. However, it is not uncommon that a component and its active redundancy bear some common stresses due to the environment and thus they have dependent lifetimes. In this note, we equip the involved lifetimes with a survival copula and then clarify the potential difference between the new and classical versions through making stochastic comparison. Moreover, by ordering the lifetime of system with relevation redundancy we also study the way of allocating a relevation redundancy at component level to ultimately improve the system reliability. The present results on series and parallel systems serve as a generalization of the corresponding ones of Belzunce et al. (Appl Stoch Models Bus Ind. 2019;35:492–503.). Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate these findings as well.
Cannabis during pregnancy: A way to transfer an impairment to later life
Authors: Motamedi Sina , Amleshi Reza Saboori , Javar Behnoush Akbari , Shams Parisa , Kohlmeier Kristi A. , Shabani Mohammad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEpidemiological studies examining the influence of cannabis across the lifespan show that exposure to cannabis during gestation or during the perinatal period is associated with later‐life mental health issues that manifest during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. The risk of later‐life negative outcomes following early exposure is particularly high in persons who have specific genetic variants, implying that cannabis usage interacts with genetics to heighten mental health risks. Prenatal and perinatal exposure to psychoactive components has been shown in animal research to be associated with long‐term effects on neural systems relevant to psychiatric and substance use disorders. The long‐term molecular, epigenetic, electrophysiological, and behavioral consequences of prenatal and perinatal exposure to cannabis are discussed in this article. Animal and human studies, as well as in vivo neuroimaging methods, are used to provide insights into the changes induced in the brain by cannabis. Here, based on the literature from both animal models and humans, it can be concluded that prenatal cannabis exposure alters the developmental route of several neuronal regions with correlated functional consequences evidenced as changes in social behavior and executive functions throughout life.
Disruption of TNF‐α signaling improves osteoblastic differentiation of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells and bone repair
Authors: Bighetti‐Trevisan Rayana L. , Bueno Natália P. , Souza Alann T. P. , Marques Márcia M. , Rosa Adalberto L. , Beloti Marcio M. , Ferraz Emanuela P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdipose tissue is an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (at‐MSCs), but their low osteogenic potential limits their use in bone regeneration. Adipose tissue plays a role in pro‐inflammatory diseases by releasing cytokines with a catabolic effect on bone, such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). Thus, we hypothesized that endogenous TNF‐α could have a negative effect on at‐MSC differentiation into osteoblasts. Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting TNF‐α receptors (siR1, siR2, and si1R/R2) were transfected into at‐MSCs, and cell differentiation was assessed by measuring the expression of bone markers, ALP activity, and mineralized matrix. Scrambled was used as Control. Knockout at‐MSCs (KOR1/R2) was injected in mice calvaria defects, and bone formation was evaluated by microtomography and histological analysis. Data were compared by Kruskal–Wallis or analysis of variance (5%). The expression of bone markers confirmed that at‐MSCs differentiate less than bone marrow MSCs. In silenced cells, the expression of Alp, Runx2, and Opn was generally higher compared to Control. ALP, RUNX2, and OPN were expressed at elevated levels in silenced groups, most notably at‐MSCs‐siR1/R2. ALP was detected at high levels in at‐MSCs‐siR1/R2 and in‐MSCs‐siR1, followed by an increase in mineralized nodules in at‐MSCs‐siR1/R2. As the morphometric parameters increased, the groups treated with KOR1/R2 exhibited slight bone formation near the edges of the defects. Endogenous TNF‐α inhibits osteoblast differentiation and activity in at‐MSCs, and its disruption increases bone formation. While opening a path of investigation, that may lead to the development of new treatments for bone regeneration using at‐MSC‐based therapies.
Physical activity maintenance among young adult cancer survivors in an mHealth intervention: Twelve‐month outcomes from the IMPACT randomized controlled trial
Authors: Valle Carmina G. , Diamond Molly A. , Heiling Hillary M. , Deal Allison M. , Hales Derek P. , Nezami Brooke T. , LaRose Jessica Gokee , Rini Christine M. , Pinto Bernardine M. , Tate Deborah F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMost physical activity (PA) interventions in young adult cancer survivors (YACS) have focused on short‐term outcomes without evaluating longer‐term outcomes and PA maintenance. This study examined the effects of an mHealth PA intervention at 12 months, after 6 months of tapered contacts, relative to a self‐help group among 280 YACS.MethodsYACS participated in a 12‐month randomized trial that compared self‐help and intervention groups. All participants received an activity tracker, smart scale, individual videochat session, and access to a condition‐specific Facebook group. Intervention participants also received lessons, tailored feedback, adaptive goal setting, text messages, and Facebook prompts for 6 months, followed by tapered contacts. Accelerometer‐measured and self‐reported PA (total [primary outcome], moderate‐to‐vigorous [MVPA], light, steps, sedentary behaviors) were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Generalized estimating equation analyses evaluated group effects on outcomes from baseline to 12 months.ResultsFrom baseline to 12 months, there were no between‐ or within‐group differences in accelerometer‐measured total PA min/week, while increases in self‐reported total PA were greater in the intervention versus self‐help group (mean difference = +55.8 min/week [95% CI, 6.0–105.6], p = 0.028). Over 12 months, both groups increased accelerometer‐measured MVPA (intervention: +22.5 min/week [95% CI, 8.8–36.2] vs. self‐help: +13.9 min/week [95% CI, 3.0–24.9]; p = 0.34), with no between‐group differences. Both groups maintained accelerometer‐measured and self‐reported PA (total, MVPA) from 6 to 12 months. At 12 months, more intervention participants reported meeting national PA guidelines than self‐help participants (47.9% vs. 33.1%, RR = 1.45, p = 0.02).ConclusionThe intervention was not more effective than the self‐help group at increasing accelerometer‐measured total PA over 12 months. Both groups maintained PA from 6 to 12 months. Digital approaches have potential for promoting sustained PA participation in YACS, but additional research is needed to identify what strategies work for whom, and under what conditions.
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Novel L‐Menthol Hydrazide Derivatives as Potential Laccase Inhibitors
Authors: Qiu Yi‐Gui , Yang Zi‐Hui , Sun Xue‐Bao , Jin Dao‐Jun , Zheng Yi‐Ming , Li Jia , Gu Wen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo discover novel laccase inhibitors as potential fungicides, twenty‐six novel L‐menthol hydrazide derivatives were designed and synthesized. In the in vitro antifungal assay, most of the target compounds displayed pronounced antifungal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium graminearum, and Botryosphaeria dothidea. Especially, the EC50 of compounds 3 b and 3 q against B. dothidea was 0.465 and 0.622 mg/L, which was close to the positive compound fluxapyroxad (EC50=0.322 mg/L). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that compound 3 b could significantly damage the mycelial morphology of B. dothidea. In vivo antifungal experiments on apple fruits showed that 3 b exhibited excellent protective and curative effects. Furthermore, in the in vitro laccase inhibition assay, 3 b showed outstanding inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of 2.08 μM, which is much stronger than positive control cysteine and PMDD‐5Y. These results indicated that this class of L‐menthol derivatives could be promising leads for the discovery of laccase‐targeting fungicides.
HELLP syndrome complicated by ischemic colitis: A case report
Authors: Boustani Paria , Eslamian Laleh , Nurzadeh Maryam , Marsosi Vajiheh , Ghaemi Marjan 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageHELLP syndrome is a complicated disorder associated with many unknown complications, which ischemic colitis might be one of. Timely diagnosis and prompt management with multidisciplinary approach is the key for a favorable outcome.AbstractHELLP syndrome is a triad of hemolysis (H), elevated liver enzymes (EL), and low platelet count (LP) which is considered a rare but serious pregnancy complication. HELLP syndrome is mainly associated with pre‐eclampsia, but can also occur individually. It may cause maternal and fetal mortality and some life‐threatening morbidity. The best management considered for HELLP syndrome is immediate delivery in most cases. We report a 32‐week pregnant woman with pre‐eclampsia who developed HELLP syndrome shortly after admission which led to a preterm cesarean section. Rectal bleeding and diarrhea started the day after delivery, and all the workups and imaging suggested ischemic colitis. She received intensive care and supportive management. The patient recovered and was discharged uneventfully. HELLP syndrome may be associated with many unknown complications, and ischemic colitis might be one of them. Timely diagnosis and prompt management with a multidisciplinary approach is the key to a favorable outcome.
Multiple uptake of 99mTc‐MDP in chest due to breast implant rupture in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Haibin , Chen Yao , Liu Xiaoji , Cai Min 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageA 57‐year‐old woman was diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma. 99mTc‐MDP bone scan showed multiple radioactivity concentrated lesions on bilateral chest wall, which were confirmed as calcification foci after breast implant rupture by SPECT/CT. SPECT/CT could be used for differential diagnosis of breast implant rupture and malignant lesions.
Empyema necessitans complicating a mild COVID‐19 infection in a young immunocompetent patient
Authors: Sullivan Sierra , Davalos Jesus , Sheikh Belaal , Abdelnabi Mahmoud 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageCOVID‐19 infection can be complicated by secondary bacterial infections including pneumonia and empyema resulting in worse outcomes. Empyema management includes empirical antibiotic therapy and drainage with a favorable prognosis in most cases.AbstractEmpyema necessitans is a rare complication of poorly or uncontrolled empyema thoracis resulting in the dissection of pus through the soft tissues and skin of the chest wall resulting in a fistula between the pleural cavity and the skin. Previous reports indicate that secondary bacterial pneumonia can complicate the course of a COVID‐19 infection even in immunocompetent patients resulting in worse outcomes. Management of empyema includes empirical antibiotic therapy and drainage with a favorable prognosis in most cases.
Shape Transformation via Etching and Regrowth: A Systematic Study of Pd Nanocrystals with Different Shapes and Twin Structures
Authors: Lv Tian , Liu Maochang , Zhou Siyu , Xia Younan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article describes a systematic study of the oxidative etching and regrowth behaviors of Pd nanocrystals, including single‐crystal cubes bounded by {100} facets, single‐crystal octahedra and tetrahedra enclosed by {111} facets; and multiple‐twinned icosahedra covered by {111} facets and twin boundaries. During etching, Pd atoms are preferentially oxidized and removed from the corners regardless of the type of nanocrystal, and the resultant Pd2+ ions are then reduced back to elemental Pd. For cubes and icosahedra, the newly formed Pd atoms are deposited on the {100} facets and twin boundaries, respectively, due to their relatively higher energies. For octahedra and tetrahedra, the Pd atoms self‐nucleate in the solution phase, followed by their growth into small particles. We can control the regrowth rate relative to etching rate by varying the concentration of HCl in the reaction solution. As the concentration of HCl is increased, 18‐nm Pd cubes are transformed into octahedra of 23, 18, and 13 nm, respectively, in edge length. Due to the absence of regrowth, however, Pd octahedra are transformed into truncated octahedra, cuboctahedra, and spheres with decreasing sizes whereas Pd tetrahedra evolve into truncated tetrahedra and spheres. In contrast, Pd icosahedra with twin boundaries on the surface are converted to asymmetric icosahedra, flower‐like icosahedra, and spheres. This work not only advances the understanding of etching and growth behaviors of metal nanocrystals with various shapes and twin structures but also offers an alternative method for controlling their shape and size.
Multi‐Functional Supramolecular‐Polymeric Hybrid Hydrogel for Promoting Cutaneous Wound Repair†
Authors: Wei Qingcong , Jia Liyang , Wang Yuke , Zhang Weiwei , Hu Zhiguo , Wang Qigang , Wu Qing 
Published: June 2023

Comprehensive SummarySupramolecular‐polymeric hybrid hydrogels combining advantages of the assembled supramolecular networks and polymeric networks have attracted considerable attention recently. However, they are rarely used as multi‐functional wound dressing materials. In this work, we report a supramolecular‐polymeric hybrid hydrogel consisting of a co‐assembled DBS‐COOH/Naproxen network (DBS/NAP) and a polymeric gelatin (G)/quaternary ammonium group (Q) and phenylboronic acid groups (PBA)‐grafted chitosan (QCS‐PBA) network (G/QCS) for accelerating skin wound healing. The polymeric networks could obviously enhance the mechanical properties of the drug‐derived supramolecular networks. Q groups endowed the hydrogel with enhanced antibacterial properties. Borate ester crosslinking between PBA groups and diol groups in DBS‐COOH could effectively scavenge reactive radicals. The hybrid hydrogel exhibited tunable mechanical and adhesive properties due to the temperature‐responsive gelatin networks. NAP could gradually release from hybrid hydrogel networks thus continuously relieving inflammation. Finally, the biocompatible, adhesive, antibacterial and antioxidant hybrid G/QCS‐DBS/NAP gel could promote the in vivo healing stages in a full‐thickness wounds with increased collagen deposition, upregulated CD31 expression and down‐regulated TNF‐α expression. Overall, this multi‐functional supramolecular‐polymeric hybrid hydrogel exhibited great potential for treating skin defects as promising wound dressing materials.
Stacking‐order Reversed Multilayers of ZIF‐8 and Silver Nanoparticles for the SERS Detection of Organic Dye Species
Authors: La Ngoc Tran Nguyen , Nguyen Thuy‐An , Le Hoang Doan Tan , Nguyen Hanh‐Vy Tran , Huong Vu Thi , Tran Thi Thanh Van , Ju Heongkyu , Huy Tran Huu , Le Hieu Van , Tran Nhu Hoa Thi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)‐active generally using include nanosized noble metals, semiconductors, or their combination, all of which are mostly subject to challenges such as difficulty in controlling fabrication processes, chemical stability of sensor substrates, reproducibility of amplified Raman signals. To address these concerns, novel SERS substrates were produced by combining zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) and Ag nanoparticles into stacked layers where the ZIF‐8 acted as “trap nets” of the reporter molecules (organic toxins, rhodamine B, methylene blue and crystal violet). Two different multilayers on a glass slide generated by reversing the stacking order, i. e., Ag/ZIF‐8/glass and ZIF‐8/Ag/glass produced different SERS results. The ZIF‐8/Ag/glass multilayer demonstrated a higher enhancement factor (∼1013), the lower limit of detection (∼10−14 M) of rhodamine B, with a relative standard deviation of 4.2% for crystal violet, which was 10 times greater than the former arrangement. The sensitivity of the SERS substrates via exposure to low concentrations of organic dyes species was measured. Structural, surface morphology and optical features of the substrates were further examined. This result can pave the way for the development of metal‐organic framework‐based SERS platform and provide new insights into its application for label‐free sensors in biomedical diagnosis and environmental monitoring.
Quantitative Low‐Field 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Carbonyl Groups in Pyrolysis Oils
Authors: Tang Bridget , Chong Katie , Ragauskas Arthur J. , Evans Robert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPyrolysis bio‐oils, one of the products of lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis, have the potential to be widely used as fuels. The chemical composition of bio‐oils is very complicated as they contain hundreds, if not thousands, of different, mostly oxygen‐containing, compounds with a wide distribution of physical properties, chemical structures, and concentrations. Detailed knowledge of bio‐oil composition is crucial for optimizing both the pyrolysis processes and for any subsequent upgrading into a more viable fuel resource. Here we report the successful use of low‐field, or benchtop, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers in the analysis of pyrolysis oils. Pyrolysis oils from four different feedstocks were derivatized and analyzed using 19F NMR techniques. The NMR results compare favorably with titrations for total carbonyl content. In addition, the benchtop NMR spectrometer proves able to reveal key spectral features, thus allowing the quantification of different carbonyl groups, such as aldehydes, ketones and quinones. Benchtop NMR spectrometers are typically compact, cheaper than their superconducting counterparts and do not require cryogens. Their use will make NMR analysis of pyrolysis oils easier and more accessible to a wide range of different potential users.
Bimetallic RuNi Electrocatalyst Coated MWCNTs Cathode for an Efficient and Stable Li−CO2 and Li−CO2 Mars Batteries Performance with Low Overpotential
Authors: Naik Keerti M. , Chourasia Ankit Kumar , Shavez Mohd , Sharma Chandra S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRechargeable lithium‐CO2 (Li−CO2) batteries are an attractive energy storage technology that can reduce fossil fuel usage and limit the adverse environmental impact of CO2 emissions. However, the high charge overpotential, unstable cycling, and incomplete understanding of the electrochemical process limit its advancement for practical applications. Herein, we develop a Li−CO2 battery by designing a bimetallic ruthenium‐nickel catalyst onto multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (RuNi/MWCNTs) catalyst as cathode by solvothermal method, which exhibits a lower overpotential of 1.15 V and a discharge capacity of 15,165 mAh g−1 with outstanding coulombic efficiency of 97.4 %. The battery can also operate at high rates and have a stable cycle of more than 80 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g−1 with a fixed 500 mAh g−1 capacity. Furthermore, Mars exploration is made feasible with the Li−CO2 Mars battery composed of the RuNi/MWCNTs as cathode catalyst, which performs very similarly to that of pure CO2 atmosphere. This approach may simplify the process of developing high‐performance Li−CO2 batteries to achieve carbon negativity on Earth and for future interplanetary Mars missions.
Eating disorder psychopathology, psychiatric impairment, and symptom frequency of atypical anorexia nervosa versus anorexia nervosa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Johnson‐Munguia Sarah , Negi Sonakshi , Chen Yiyang , Thomeczek Marianna L. , Forbush Kelsie T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesRestrictive eating disorders (EDs) occur across the weight spectrum, but historically more focus has been given to anorexia nervosa (AN) than atypical anorexia nervosa (atypAN). AtypAN's relegation to a diagnosis in the “other specified feeding and eating disorder” (OSFED) category and paucity of research surrounding atypAN invariably implies a less clinically severe ED. However, a growing body of research has begun to question the assumption that atypAN is less severe than AN. The current review and meta‐analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive review to compare atypAN and AN on measures of eating disorder psychopathology, impairment, and symptom frequency to test whether atypAN is truly less clinically severe than AN.MethodsTwenty articles that reported on atypAN and AN for at least one of the variables of interest were retrieved from PsycInfo, PubMed, and ProQuest.ResultsFor eating‐disorder psychopathology, results indicated that differences were nonsignificant for most indicators; however, atypAN was associated with significantly higher shape concern, weight concern, drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and overall eating‐disorder psychopathology than AN. Results indicated that atypAN and AN did not significantly differ on clinical impairment or the frequency of inappropriate compensatory behaviors, whereas there was a significantly higher frequency of objective binge episodes in AN (vs. atypAN).DiscussionOverall, findings indicated that, in contrast to the current classification system, atypAN and AN were not clinically distinct. Results underscore the need for equal access to treatment and equal insurance coverage for restrictive EDs across the weight spectrum.Public SignificanceThe current meta‐analysis found that atypAN was associated with higher drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, shape concern, weight concern, and overall eating‐disorder psychopathology than AN; whereas AN was associated with higher frequency of objective binge eating. Individuals with AN and atypAN did not differ on psychiatric impairment, quality‐of‐life, or frequency of compensatory behaviors, highlighting the need for equal access to care for restrictive EDs across the weight spectrum.