bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiological Evaluation of OrthAlign—A Novel Handheld Navigation System used in Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Patel Jeegar M. , Yadav Krishan , Daga Rohit G. , Sadaria Mohan 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The goal of this research is to determine how well OrthAlign, a novel portable navigation system for total knee replacement, helps surgeons make accurate incisions. When comparing OrthoAlign, a portable accelerometer-based technique, to the gold standard of extramedullary jigs, the results are promising. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of distal femoral and proximal tibial cuts in total knee arthroplasty.

Materials and Methods:
This research analyzed data from a prospective cohort study. Participants in the study all had resections of the proximal tibia and distal femur using the OrthAlign portable navigations device. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients throughout the same time period who used traditional medullary alignment jigs were included as a control group. Before and after surgery, full-length standing stitch radiographs of the patient’s lower limbs were acquired so that the alignment of their knees could be assessed.

Results and Conclusions:
In the mechanical alignment exam done following the surgery, the OrthAlign group performed substantially better than the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant. Patients treated with OrthoAlign had considerably improved alignment of the tibial components in the coronal plane compared to those treated manually. When comparing the OrthAlign cohort to the conventional cohort, average sagittal plane alignment of tibial components was significantly different. Yet, when comparing femoral alignment after surgery, neither the mechanical alignment nor the OrthAlign groups fared better. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups when it comes to the occurrence of outliers with postoperative mechanical axis alignment >3 degrees or tibial alignment in the coronal plane >2 degrees. Compared to OrthAlign, conventional alignment methods resulted in a higher percentage of postoperative tibial alignment in the sagittal plane (greater than 2 degrees). Patients whose femurs were misaligned by more than 2 degrees after surgery favored the OrthAlign method, albeit this was not statistically different from the control group. There was a significant reduction in tourniquet time for patients using OrthoAlign compared to those using mechanical alignment devices.
In vivo Study to Evaluate the Effect of Instrument Size on the Accuracy of Three Different Apex Locators when Various Irrigation Solutions are used in Vital and Non-Vital Teeth
Authors: Vajpayee Akhilesh , Khandare Prachi D. , Dutta Smita D. , Marathe Seema , Viragi Prashant , Maria Rahul 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Root canal success requires working length (WL) optimization. The current study examined how different apex locators on vital and non-vital teeth responded to instrument size.

Materials and Methods:
Three hundred patients (180 men and 120 women) receiving root canal therapy at the department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics were evaluated. Therefore, we determined that 200 of the patients’ teeth (100 vital and 100 non-vital teeth from the upper and lower jaws’ first molars) qualified for inclusion in our study. The pulp chamber was accessed using a sterile round bur. The coronal region of the root canal was preflared with successive Gates Glidden drills (Mani Inc. Japan) and irrigated with any one of the solutions 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), or 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution after checking canal patency with a size #10 K file, where (#-number). Later, the working length was established using Ingle’s technique and a radiovisiograph (RVG) 0.5 mm short of the radiographic apex. Two endodontists approved this RVG.

Results:
Overall, the #15 K file and apex locators did not differ from Ingle’s method. While the #8 K file differs significantly from all apex locators, the #10 K file showed a significant difference with all apex locators except Root ZX with 2% CHX (P = 0.06). Irrigation didn’t influence apex locators’ accuracy.

Conclusion:
Even in the presence of irrigating solutions, electronic apex locator (EAL) can be utilized to calculate the working length with accuracy. The apex locators #15 k files, #10 k files, and #8 k files showed the most promising results.
Retrospective Analysis of Dental Implant Failure Rates in Patients with Compromised Health
Authors: Bidyasagar Bal Sourav C. , Awinashe Vaibhav N. , Jindal Pankaj , Khader Anas Abdul , Almutairi Faris J. , Parihar Anuj Singh , Ramaiah Vardarajula V. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The goal of the current research was to compare the failure rate of dental implants in medically compromised patients to healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods:
In this seven years retrospective study, 50 patients from Group A who were medically compromised had 63 implants, while 50 patients from Group B who were healthy had 67 implants. Over 1 mm of bone loss around the implant in the first year and over 0.2 mm of bone loss per year after that were considered failure rates.

Result:
Two (2.9%) of the dental implants in Group B and 18 (28.6%) in Group A, both failed. The average bone loss around the implant in Group A during the first year was 1.21 mm, compared to 0.3 mm in Group B.

Conclusion:
Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus group had greater implant failure.
A Cross-Sectional Study to Evaluate Dental Professionals’ Knowledge of Antiplaque Mouth Rinse Agents and their Application in Periodontal Practice
Authors: Ahmed Muzammil Moin 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Mouth rinse agents reduce inflammation and microbial burden, improving periodontal clinical parameters. Yet, improper clinical use of these compounds might have several deleterious repercussions. Given the lack of research on the knowledge and application of antiplaque mouth rinse agents, this research was conducted.

Methods:
The research is an electronic survey wherein responses were gathered for ten items with predetermined answers in addition to covariate data. The questions were conceived to illuminate the level of knowledge possessed by dental professionals and their utilization pattern in periodontal practice. The data gathered underwent quantitative statistical analysis.

Results:
Participants in the study included 100 dental professionals from various disciplines, all of whom agreed that mouth rinses are a vital adjuvant in periodontal therapy. Most acknowledged being aware of the various mouth rinse agents, but their knowledge and application of mouth rinses were largely confined to chlorhexidine gluconate, with little consideration being given to alternative antiplaque agents.

Conclusion:
Little knowledge exists among dental professionals regarding mouth rinse agents and their appropriate application. Dental schools, clinical advisory organizations, and other establishments could educate dental professionals on the specific guidelines for utilizing antiplaque mouth rinses in a dental context, especially as an adjunct to periodontal therapy.
The Perceptions of Dental Professionals and Laypeople to Facial Aesthetics and Mal-Occlusion in Central India Population
Authors: Parhad Sameer M. , Mhaske Arun R. , Mahamuni Avinash , Manerikar Ravindra , Fafat Kapil K. , Tekale Pawankumar D. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Dental professionals play an important role in an individual’s appearance which can affect the perception of others that can vary greatly depending on their educational and socioeconomic background.

Aim and Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine an insight of recognizing ability of dental professionals and laypersons toward facial aesthetics with different types of orthodontic malocclusion.

Materials and Methods:
A questionnaire-based study was conducted on 90 dental professionals and 90 laypersons. The perceptions differences between groups were assessed using visual analogue scale on 11 photographs. Kolmolgorov-Smirnov was used for normality test.

Results:
The perceptions of facial aesthetics showing various malocclusions were significantly different between dental professionals and laypersons.

Conclusion:
The dental professionals and layperson perceptions regarding the facial particularly in central Indian population are significantly different for most of the malocclusion types.
Evaluation of Position of Mental Foramen in Dentulous Population by Digital Panoramic Radiography
Authors: Prakash Manish , Kumari Sonali , Singh Anup K. , Kumar Premchand , Kumar Alok , Kumar Deepak 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Need for the Study:
The mental branch of the trigeminal nerve, which supplies sensation to the lower lip, originates in the mandibular canal, making it an essential anatomical structure for dentists and oral surgeons to access. It is not well known that there is a spectrum of normal that includes variants in which there may be more than one nerve entry site, which means that if the mental foramen is not protected, normal feeling in the lower lip may be lost permanently. The diagnostic value of global radiographic landmarks like the mandibular trench and the dental foramen in identifying skeletal problems has been investigated.

Materials and Methods:
Four hundred patients over 40 who fit the inclusion/exclusion criteria were chosen. Patients were recruited from Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa’s Out Patient section for Oral Medicine, Diagnosis, and Radiology. The following patients with their consent are subjected for digital orthopantomography (Cephalometric Device for Rotograph EVOD Ref 930790001, SN 14112930, Villa Sistem Medical) and the captured images are then interpreted for the variations in mandibular canal.

Result:
The results of our study are as follows:

In this study, the mean age of the subjects was 47.27 years, with a range of 40–75 yearsMajority of cases were females (53.75%) and 46.25% were males.The top of the residual ridge, located between the mental foramen and the mandibular canal, is clearly visible to all observers (grade I).Only 1.75% of the people surveyed had a bifid canal, despite the fact that the majority of the people surveyed had a single mandibular canal on both sides (98.25%).Right side mean was 18,682.017, whereas left side mean was 16,331.851; nevertheless, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.0860 NS).

Conclusion
The dental foramen was located close to where the mandible and the area housing the next premolar met. These findings may be utilized to improve the safety of peri-apical surgical procedures. Therefore, it is therapeutically relevant to get insight into the structural alterations of the mental foramen and locate its location in preoperative radiological scans.
Bilateral proptosis in Marshall-Smith syndrome
Authors: Das Deepsekhar , Chauhan Divya , Agrawal Sahil , Bajaj Mandeep Singh 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Marshall-Smith syndrome (MSS) is an extremely rare developmental disorder characterized by accelerated skeletal maturation, failure to thrive, dysmorphic facies, respiratory difficulties, and neurological abnormalities. Herein, the authors report bilateral proptosis in a 10-year-old child with MSS. At present, there are limited reports on ophthalmologic considerations in MSS; therefore, this article subserves to broaden the clinical spectrum seen in this syndrome.
Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment outcome of Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: A 2-year experience at a tertiary care center
Authors: Vivekanand Ashok , Nannaware Shital 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Context:
The incidence of the fungal disease, mucormycosis, is showing a steady increase among the Indian population in recent past years. Considered as a form of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, the disease is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to study the clinical presentations, species distribution, and treatment outcomes in patients of rhinomucormycosis.

Settings and Design:
This was a tertiary care hospital-based case series.

Subjects and Methods:
The study was carried out between June 2018 and February 2020. All laboratory-confirmed cases of rhinomucormycosis were included in the study population.

Results:
Sixteen cases of histopathologically and microbiologically confirmed cases of rhinomucormycosis were included in the study. The study population included ten females and six males. Diabetes mellitus was found to be the most common comorbid condition in the study group (81.25%). Among the study group, swelling of cheek and thick blood-stained discharge were the most common presenting symptoms (9 cases out of 16). The most common clinical type was rhino-orbital mucormycosis. Rhizopus was the most common species encountered (87.5%). In spite of utmost care, treatment outcome was not favorable in most of the cases.

Conclusion:
An early diagnosis of mucormycosis in the background of immunocompromised status can help in initiating appropriate treatment, thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease condition.
A study on efficacy of various formulas for intraocular lens power calculation in hyperopic patients at a tertiary care center
Authors: Patel Kunjan J. , Patel Dipika N. , Dave Parth U. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
Our study was conducted to evaluate and compare the predictive capacity of five intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas (SRK/T, HOFFERQ, HOLLADAY1, HAIGIS, BARRETT UNIVERSAL II) in eyes with axial length (AL) <22 mm.

Subjects and Methods:
In our study, 100 patients with a preoperative AL of <22 mm were included. All patients underwent uneventful cataract surgery with IOL implantation and postoperative target of refraction were analyzed after 40 days. The mean estimation error and mean absolute error (MAE) were calculated for each formula, and ANOVA test was applied to compare the differences in the MAEs of the formulas. A statistically significant difference was defined as P < 0.05.

Results:
A statistically significant difference was seen between Barrett Universal II formula in comparison to SRK/T formula. There was no statistically significant difference seen among the absolute error of all the five IOL power calculation formula groups.

Conclusions:
Among the formulas compared, Barrett Universal II formula is the most accurate in predicting postoperative refractive error in hyperopic patients. Hoffer Q, Haigis, and Holladay 1 formula give better results than the commonly used SRK/T formula.
Digital device-related eye health awareness among the engineering fraternity
Authors: Bahkir Fayiqa Ahamed , Govindan Susaritha , Kumarasamy Murugan 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
The spectrum of symptoms that arise from prolonged hours of computer work has been the focus of interest since computers became the center of the modern workplace. This study focuses on engineers and aims at identifying the departments that are most susceptible to the effects of computer vision syndrome (CVS), their awareness about the entity, and identify lacunae in the existing eye health education provided to them.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted through an open online survey that was circulated among engineering college students belonging to colleges in Southern India and working professionals in the Information Technology (IT) and non-IT sector from the Southern States of India. Responses were collected over a period of 5 weeks spanning over 2 months and analyzed using the SPSS software version 25.

Results:
A total of 449 usable responses were received. The professionals in the non-IT sector logged a daily average work-related computer usage of 3.9 ± 3.1 h/day, while the IT sector professionals logged 4.3 ± 3.2 h/day of work-related computer usage. Among the participants, 57% of the study population were unaware of an entity called CVS, and 74.6% believed that blue light filters prevented damage caused by prolonged screen time. The data showed that 18% of the study population have never undergone an ophthalmic evaluation.

Conclusion:
It is evident that no health education is available to engineers at any stage of their professional career that helps them deal with ocular effects of prolonged screen time. We would like to recommend an ophthalmic screening and eye-heath awareness program to be conducted at the time of recruitment, with refresher courses at timely intervals.
An overview of correlation and regression methods in medical research – An ophthalmologic perspective
Authors: Nair N. Sreekumaran , Ganapathy Sachit 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Correlation and regression are two commonly used statistical techniques in modelling medical data. It s essential for clinicians to understand the methodology of these techniques in general and their implications in clinical area of expertise. This article provides an overview on correlation and regression methods from an ophthalmologic perspective.
Neuro ophthalmic manifestations of intracranial aneurysms: A case series
Authors: Kowsalya Akkayasamy , Sangeetha Raja , Jayashree Narayanamoorthy , Saidheera Mulasthanam 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
To report the various neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of patients with intracranial aneurysms at a tertiary eye care center in Southern India. This is a retrospective case series of patients in a single center between January 2017 and January 2018. We present a series of five cases of intracranial aneurysms in the age group of 13 to 66 years comprising four women and one boy. The patients had varied presentations on the initial examination. It is extremely rare that a patient visits a hospital due to visual symptoms caused by an aneurysmal compression of the optic nerve. An intracranial aneurysm needs to be ruled in cases of unexplained unilateral vision loss or nerve palsy. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can save the patient from complete vision loss or other complications due to an aneurysm.
Predictors of visual outcome following surgery in sellar lesions
Authors: Devika S. , Somasundaran Sandhya , Solomon Charmaine Bridgette , Jyothi Poothatta 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTPurpose:The purpose of the study is to find out the factors affecting visual outcome after surgery in patients with sellar lesions.Methods:We prospectively analyzed 36 patients diagnosed with sellar tumors who underwent surgery between July 2018 and January 2020. Clinical and demographic data including age, sex, pre- and post-operative visual acuity, visual field, and fundus examination was done in these patients. Size of the tumor was also measured radiologically. The size of the tumor was categorized as <2 and ≥2 cm.Results:Larger tumors had significant association with optic disc changes and visual field defects. The mean visual acuity (LogMAR) and field defects (mean deviation) improved postsurgery (pairedt-test). Five of the six patients with peripheral constriction showed an improvement in the visual fields after surgery while only one of 15 patients with temporal hemianopia showed improvement in visual fields after surgery (P= 0.009). Patients with a tumor size <2 cm had statistically significant improvement in visual acuity (pairedt-testP< 0.001) and visual fields (pairedt-testP= 0.008.Conclusion:Tumor size <2 cm was found to be a good predictor of visual outcome after surgery.
Predictors of Family Life and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Education among Secondary School Students in a Southwestern Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Obembe Taiwo A. , Fagbolu Tolulope Adeola , Okunade Ibukunoluwa Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

Background:
In schools, young people learn about sexuality in both formal and informal ways. Family Life and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome Education (FLHE) is important to students. Effective implementation of FLHE program will ensure that adolescents do not lack important information to develop the right attitude and behavior toward sexuality issues.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the level of impact of FLHE curriculum among students in a Southwestern metropolis of Nigeria. A quantitative study was carried among 410 students in selected secondary schools in Ibadan. Data collection was carried out using pretested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaires.

Materials and Methods:
Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression was used to test the relationships between variables at a 95% level of significance.

Results:
The mean age for the study respondents was 14.93 ± 1.42 years with 53.2% from public schools; 25.6% from private schools, and 21.2% from missionary schools. Mass media accounted for the most frequent source of information (85.1%) while the school was the least source of information (23.2%) on FLHE. Students aged 16–20 years were 1.6 times more likely to have sex as compared to students aged 12–15 years (odd ratio [OR]:1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73–3.49) while female students were six times less likely to have sex compared to male students (OR:0.163; 95% CI: 0.08–0.33).

Conclusion:
Knowledge of FLHE amongst young adults is considerably more from extraneous sources other than from school or family units. The budgetary allocation by the National and State governments to the educational sector should be scaled up to enhance the full implementation of FLHE in most secondary schools to invariably support the Fourth Sustainable Development Goal.
Strengthening Batak Tribe Gratitude Worship Overseas as the Preservation of Batak Culture
Authors: Sitohang Romauli , Hermanto Yanto Paulus 
Published: May 2023

Bangsa yang kaya melestarikan budaya dan bahasanya sebagai sarana ikut serta membangun bangsa sesuai cita-cita NKRI, yang terdiri dari berbagai agama, suku, budaya dan Bahasa merupakan kekayaan alam Indonesia, diantaranya adalah suku Batak yang terdiri dari beberapa suku, Bahasa, budaya yang sangat unik. Mereka adalah satu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan, walaupun ada di perantauan tetap memelihara budaya dan Bahasa itu lewat perkumpulan yang dibentuk di setiap daerah dan itu setiap marga, wujudnyatanya setiap bulan mengadakan ibadah arisan sebagai sarana untuk berkumpul bersama menjalin kekerabatan, bertujuan untuk meregenerasikan budaya kepada kaum muda penerus bangsa dan keluarga di hari esok, serta sekali setahun mengadakan ucapan syukur yang disebut Bonataon, yang dalam pelaksanaannya diadakannya penampilan budaya Batak dalam bentuk tortor lengkap pakai ulos serta gondang Batak, juga Bahasa yang dipakai diupayakan Bahasa Batak, hal itu merupakan bentuk pelestarian budaya serta mewujudkan isi dari keseluruhan Pancasila merupakan ikut sertanya suku Batak dalam mendukung pembangunan bangsa Indonesia.