bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacille Calmette-Guérin Vaccine–Induced Tuberculous Elbow Osteomyelitis in an Infant
Authors: Ishibashi Shigeki , Kodama Akira , Maruyama Natsuki , Tanaka Teruyasu , Hayashi Yuta , Shinomiya Rikuo , Okada Satoshi , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: August 2023

Case:
We report a case of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine–induced osteomyelitis of the distal end of the right humerus in a 1-year and 8-month–old girl. The patient was treated with debridement and a 12-month antituberculosis drug. After 3 years of follow-up, no growth disturbances or sequelae were observed.

Conclusion:
BCG osteomyelitis is difficult to diagnose because of its rarity. It is important to suspect BCG osteomyelitis based on symptoms and blood tests and to perform PCR testing. Long-term follow-up after treatment is necessary to monitor for recurrence and avoid growth disturbances until epiphyseal line closure occurs.
Numerical Simulation of Three-Dimensional Soil Arch Effect Between h-type Pile Based Discrete Element Method
Authors: Shi Chong , Zhang Cong , Dong Jiahao , Pian Junbao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The h-type pile (hTP pile) is a complex anti-slip pile system, which connects the front pile and the back pile through beams. When it is used in engineering, there is a complex soil arch effect between the soil and the hTP pile, which makes the complex anti-slip mechanism. In this paper, the discrete element method (PFC) is used to establish the hTP pile models, analyse the displacement and stress distribution law of the soil body, investigate the spatial distribution and variation patterns of soil arches, this can provide a basis for the design of hTP. The results indicate that the soil arch structure formed under the displacement between hTPs can be divided into four stages: initial stage, development stage, overlapping stage and stable stage. The development speed of the soil arch between the rear piles is slower than that of the soil arch between the former piles. As the depth of the soil increases, the arch line of the soil arch gets closer to the rear pile; The soil arch of the stress between hTPs can be divided into initial stage, development stage and stable stage. The time step corresponding to the stable stage of the stress in the horizontal direction is equal to the sum of the horizontal displacement generated by the overlapping stage and the stabilization stage. The stress of the soil slope gradually decreases and extends from the surface to the bottom layer of the slope; Soil arches appear on the rear side of both the front and rear piles at different anti-slip pile spacing, and they all tend to overlap. The increase in pile spacing does not have a significant effect on theratio of soil arch height and soil arch span, and the evolution of soil arch is similar between hTP at different pile spacing. All above can provide reference for the application and design of hTPs.
Bibliometric Analysis on Mercury Emissions from Coal-fired Power Plants: A Systematic Review and Future Prospect
Authors: Liu Qi , Gao Jiajia , Li Guoliang , Zheng Yang , Li Rui , Yue Tao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) are one of the most significant sources of mercury emissions certified by the Minamata Convention, which has attracted much attention in recent years. In this study, we used the Web of Science (WOS) and CiteSpace to analyze the knowledge structure of this field from 2000 to 2022 and then reviewed it systematically. The field of mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants has developed steadily. The research hotspots can be divided into three categories: 1) emission characterization research focused on speciation changes and emission calculations; 2) emission control research focused on control technologies; 3) environmental impact research focused on environmental pollution and health risk. In conclusion, using an oxygen-rich atmosphere for combustion and installing high-efficiency air pollution control devices (APCDs) helped to reduce the formation of Hg0. The average mercury removal rates of APCDs and modified adsorbents after ultra-low emission retrofit were distributed in the range of 82-93% and 41-100%, respectively. The risk level of mercury in combustion by-products was highest in desulfurization sludge (RAC>10%) and followed by fly ash(10<RAC<30%) and desulfurization gypsum(1<RAC<10%). Additionally, we found that the implementation of pollution and carbon reduction policies in China had reduced mercury emissions from CFPPs by 45% from 2007 to 2015, increased the efficiency of mercury removal from APCDs to a maximum of 96%, and reduced global transport and health risk of atmospheric mercury. The results conjunctively achieved by CiteSpace and the literature review will enhance understanding of CFPPs mercury emissions research and provide new perspectives for future research.
Individual Components of Central Blood Pressure and Aortic Stiffness versus the Integration of Multiple Components in Predicting Cardiovascular Mortality in End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Agharazii Mohsen , Côté Nadège , Fortier Catherine , Desbiens Louis-Charles , Nemcsik János 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aortic stiffness, measured by carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (PWV), is a predictor of cardiovascular (CV) mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Aortic stiffness increases aortic systolic and pulse pressures (cSBP, cPP) and augmentation index (AIx). In this study, we examined if the integration of multiple components of central blood pressure and aortic stiffness (ICPS) into risk score categories could improve CV mortality prediction in ESRD. In a prospective cohort of 311 patients with ESRD on dialysis who underwent vascular assessment at baseline, 118 CV deaths occurred after a medial follow-up of 3.1 years. The relationship between hemodynamic parameters and CV mortality was analyzed through Kaplan-Meier and Cox survival analysis. ICPS risk score from 0 to 5 points were calculated from points given to tertiles, and were regrouped into three risk categories (Average, High, Very High). A strong association was found between the ICPS risk categories and CV mortality (High risk HR = 2.20, 95%CI: 1.05–4.62, P = 0.036; Very High risk (HR = 4.44, 95%CI: 2.21–8.92, P < 0.001). The very high-risk category remained associated with CV mortality (HR = 3.55, 95% CI: 1.37–9.21, P = 0.009) after adjustment for traditional CV risk factors. While ICPS categories showed higher C-statistics (C: 0.627, 95%CI: 0.578–0.676, P = 0.001), it was not statistically superior to PWV, cPP or AIx. In conclusion, integration of multiple components of central blood pressure and aortic stiffness did not result in a significantly better prediction of CV mortality in this cohort.
Identification of a immune-related gene signature as a novel prognostic biomarker of cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Yutong , Ran Xun , Han Min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To construct a prognostic index of immune-related genes for cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) and to analyse the immune profile as well as the benefits in the subgroups defined by the IRGC model. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Nineteen immune-related central genes were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis based on the TCGA cholangiocarcinoma dataset (n = 45) combined with associated immune genes. Six genes for model building were identified using Cox regression methods and validated using the GEO dataset. Subsequently, the IRGC model was analysed for immune characteristics in the subgroups defined by the IRGC model as well as for benefits. RESULTS: The IRGC model was constructed on the basis of the LECT2,HP,AHSG,F2,RBP4 and APOB genes. Consistent with results from the GEO cohort, overall survival was lower in patients with high IRGC model scores than in those with low scores. The combined results showed that the high-scoring subgroup had a higher rate of IDH1 mutations and high penetration of M0 macrophages. In contrast, the low scoring subgroup had higher levels of activated NK cells, which better inhibited tumour development. CONCLUSION: The IRGC model is a promising biomarker to differentiate the prognostic and immune profile and immune benefit of immunotherapy in CHOL and may be a guide to personalised immunotherapy for patients with cholangiocarcinoma.
Food safety and the health of middle-aged and elderly people: Evidence from China
Authors: Chen Mingcong , Ma Qingshan , Sun Qiqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Food safety is among the most important determinants of the health of citizens, the middle-aged and elderly in particular. Chinese governments have introduced policies to ensure food safety, which has attracted wide attention from academia. Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database from 2011 to 2018, we consider the Food Safety Pilot Cities (FSPCs) introduced by the Food Safety Commission in 2014 as an exogenous shock, and adopt the Staggered Difference in Difference (Staggered DID) method to evaluate the health effects of food safety regulation policy. We find that safeguarding food safety significantly reduced the probability of chronic diseases among the middle-aged and elderly, yet its impact varied according to the age and education level of the individuals. The empirical conclusions still hold after rich robustness tests. We also find that the establishment of pilot cities improved the daily living skills, cognitive abilities and self-assessment health of middle-aged and senior citizens, but showed no obvious influence on mental health. Furthermore, the FSPCs also increase food consumption expenditure by building confidence in food safety among residents. Therefore, it is of significance to take advantage of the role the policy has played on the health of middle-aged and elderly people, so as to achieve harmonious thriving of urban construction as well as human health.
Return to flight duty rates after posterior lumbar spine surgery for symptomatic lumbar disc herniation and lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis in Chinese military pilots
Authors: Yang Fengyuan , Xie Bowen , Zhang Hongxing , Li Tianqi , Mao Jian , Chen Zhiqiang , Peng Ye , Li Tengfei , Sun Siguo , Chen Jingyang , Chen Yufei , Du Junjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Symptomatic lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis (LIS) can ground active-duty military pilots if not properly managed. Surgically treated LDH and LIS may be waivable conditions and allow return to full flight status, but waivers are based on expert opinion rather than recent published data. The purpose of this study was to determine the rates of return to flight status among Chinese military pilots who had undergone lumbar spine surgery for symptomatic LDH and LIS.
Methods
A single-center retrospective review was conducted by the authors for all active-duty pilots who underwent either isolated decompressive or fusion procedures at an authorized military medical center between March 1, 2007 and March 1, 2023. Descriptive statistics were obtained for patients to evaluate demographic, occupational, surgical, and outcome data with particular attention to preoperative flight status, days to recommended clearance by spine surgeons, and days to return to active flight duty.
Results
Between March 1, 2007, and March 1, 2023, a total of 24 cases of active-duty pilots with LDH or LIS treated by lumbar surgery were identified. Of these, 16 underwent isolated decompressive procedures and 8 underwent fusion procedures. Seventeen (70.8%) of the 24 pilots treated with lumbar spine surgeries were able to return to flight duty (RTFD). Excluding the 1 pilot who retired within 1 year of surgery and the 2 pilots who did not return to active flight duty for reasons other than lumbar conditions, the RTFD rate is actually 81.0% (17 of 21). The average time to clearance by the spine surgeons was 256 days and average time to return to full flight was 339 days. The average follow-up time was 2.6 years.
Conclusion
Lumbar surgery appears to be safe for military aviators with symptomatic LDH or LIS, and return to flight status is the most likely outcome for the majority of postoperative pilots.
Tissue macrophages contribute to the zebrafish neoangiogenesis by vascular mimicry
Authors: Senk Anita , Fazzari Jennifer , Djonov Valentin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Vascular mimicry has been thoroughly investigated in tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that a process closely resembling tumor vascular mimicry is present during physiological blood vessel formation in tissue regeneration using the zebrafish fin regeneration assay. At the fin-regenerating front, vasculature is formed by mosaic blood vessels with endothelial-like cells possessing the morphological phenotype of a macrophage and co-expressing both endothelial and macrophage markers within single cells. Our data demonstrate that the vascular segments of the regenerating tissue expand, in part, through the transformation of adjacent macrophages into endothelial-like cells, forming functional, perfused channels and contributing to the de novo formation of microvasculature. Inhibiting the formation of tubular vascular-like structures by CVM-1118 prevents vascular mimicry and network formation resulting in a 70% shorter regeneration area with 60% reduced vessel growth and a complete absence of any signs of regeneration in half of the fin area. Additionally the amount of macrophages is significantly reduced by about 60%. Furthermore, depleting macrophages using macrophage inhibitor PLX-3397, results in impaired tissue regeneration and blood vessel formation, namely a reduction in the regeneration area and vessel network by 75% in comparison to controls.
Preferences and perspectives of MS nurses and patients with multiple sclerosis regarding the new RebiSmart® 3.0 autoinjector versus other assistive devices
Authors: Colten Sridevi , Cantogno Elisabetta Verdun , Jack Dominic 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
RebiSmart® is an electromechanical multidose autoinjector developed for administering subcutaneous interferon β-1a in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). This online survey aimed to understand MS nurses’ and pwMS preferences and perceptions regarding the features of an upgraded version of the RebiSmart device (RebiSmart 3.0) compared to other assistive devices used for multiple sclerosis (MS) therapy.
Patients and methods:
Eligible MS nurses and pwMS from Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom completed a double-blind, 30-minute online self-administered questionnaire, including a 10-minute video describing the features of RebiSmart 3.0 and its use in administering interferon β-1a.
Results
In total, 102 participants (MS nurses, n = 52; patients, n = 50) completed the survey. Overall, 70% respondents found the RebiSmart 3.0 device “very”/“extremely” appealing, 53% were “very”/“extremely” interested in learning more, and 71% stated they would be “very”/“extremely” comfortable using (pwMS) or educating (MS nurses) on it. Respondents ranked customizable injection process (including injection speed, hold time, depth and rotation guide), self-injection process, and hidden needle as the most important self-assistive device features. RebiSmart 3.0 was rated higher than other self-injecting devices on all tested features. After reviewing the video, 52% respondents had no questions, 67% nurses recommended providing more information on the customizable injection process feature of RebiSmart 3.0 to patients, and 88% nurses considered patient demonstration materials to be the most helpful type of information for them when initiating and educating pwMS on self-assistive devices.
Conclusions
The overall reactions of MS nurses and pwMS to the RebiSmart 3.0 device features were positive. The incremental advances over previous versions of the device as well as in comparison with other currently available assistive devices were welcomed. The MS nurses identified key needs for patient education on the use of the device and the suitable approaches (training videos and educational leaflets) to support MS nurses and pwMS.
Coupled Landslide Analyses Through Dynamic Susceptibility and Forecastable Hazard Analysis
Authors: Francis Daniel , Bryson L. Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Landslides, specifically those triggered through an increase of soil moisture after a rainfall event, pose severe threats to surrounding infrastructure. Potential landslide occurrences are monitored through identification of areas susceptible to occurrence, through susceptibility analyses, or areas likely to experience a landslide at a given time, through hazard analyses. Traditional landslide susceptibility systems are created as a function of static geomorphologic data. This is to say that, while spatially differing, susceptibility via this system does not change with time. Landslide hazard analyses consider dynamic data, such as that of precipitation, and provide warnings of when landslide occurrences are likely. However, these hazard analysis systems typically only provide warnings in near real time (i.e., over the next few days). Therefore, dynamic susceptibility (susceptibility that is seen to change with time rather than remain static) as well as the ability to forecast landslide hazard analyses beyond real time is desired. The study herein presents a novel workflow for the creation of dynamic landslide susceptibility and forecastable hazard analyses over a domain within Eastern Kentucky. Dynamic susceptibility was developed through inclusion of static geomorphic parameters and dynamic vegetation levels over sites of interest. These susceptibility data were used in the development of a logistic regression classification machine learning approach which yielded susceptibility classifications with an accuracy of 89%. Forecastable hazard analyses were developed as a function of forecasted soil moisture, assumed to be a controlling factor in landslide occurrence, over a site. Forecasting of soil moisture was conducted through development of a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) forecasting machine learning system. Forecasts of soil moisture were then assimilated into an infinite slope stability equation to provide forecasts of hazard analyses. These forecasted hazard analyses were investigated over known landslides with satisfactory results obtained. Therefore, this study presents a novel workflow for both dynamic and forecastable hazard analyses that will undoubtedly provide greater warning and preparation periods to those within landslide prone regions.
Transposon insertion in pmel17 rewired skin and muscle transcriptomes in Mozambique tilapia
Authors: Sun Fei , Wang Le , Yue Gen Hua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The pmel17 gene plays a crucial role in melanin pigmentation. Our previous studies showed that in Mozambique tilapia, a transposon inserted into the 3’ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of pmel17 resulted in the silencing of pmel17and led to the loss of melanin pigments (golden mutant phenotype). Additionally, the transposon insertion caused reduced growth performance and increased locomotion. In this study, to investigate the mechanisms underlying these phenotypic changes, we sequenced transcriptomes of the skin and muscle samples collected from wildtype and mutant tilapias. A total of 51 and 141 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the skin and muscle transcriptomes, respectively. DEGs in the skin were primarily down-regulated in golden genotypes and associated with neural crest development and melanin pigmentation pathways. Besides these DEGs involved in the classic melanin pigmentation pathway of vertebrates, 14 DEGs were also observed to be related to melanogenesis. In muscle transcriptomes, there was an enrichment of GO terms associated with growth factors and cellular lipid catabolic processes. Specifically, DEGs related to growth factor binding exhibited a down-regulation, while those related to lipid metabolism showed an up-regulation in mutant genotypes. These findings agree with observed phenotypic changes. Furthermore, several DEGs associated with muscle function and mobility were up-regulated. Our study sheds light on how a single mutation in a gene can modulate multiple phenotypes by rewiring gene regulation networks. The research also provides valuable insights into the complex genetic mechanisms underlying the regulation of diverse phenotypic traits by a single gene.
Utility of the Spinal Instability Score in Patients with Spinal Metastases and the Impact on Clinical Outcome
Authors: Bonk Maximilian-Niklas , Sommer Björn , Wolfert Christina , Hackanson Bjoern , Stemmer Bastian , Kahl Klaus-Henning , Stueben Georg , Trepel Martin , Maerkl Bruno , Shiban Ehab , Krauss Philipp 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Spinal metastases may cause spinal instability. The Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) was developed to assess spinal neoplastic-related instability. Aim of this study was to determine the utility of SINS in predicting progression of a pathologic fracture due to spinal metastases.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients with a pathologic fracture due to a spinal metastases between January 2018 and December 2018 was performed. We selected patients with a minimum follow-up of 12 months and analysed them according to the SINS criteria. The primary endpoint was the progression of vertebral body fracture following radiotherapy.
Results
332 Patients were identified. Median age was 68 SD +/- 10,3. 38% were Female. Median follow-up was 26 months (range 12–29). 30, 283 and 19 Patients presented with low (0–6), moderate (7–12) and high (13–18) SINS, respectively. Fracture progression following radiotherapy was seen in 9 (30%), 84 (30%) and 8 (42%) in cases with low, moderate, or high SINS (P = 0.522), respectively. During follow-up, 25% of patients with low SINS showed a progression to moderate SINS without neurological deficits. In the originally moderate group, 17% had progression with neurological deficits needing surgery. None had functional recovery postoperatively. 83% of the progression cases in the moderate group did not develop neurological deficits and 4 underwent surgery for pain management. 63% of all progressions in the high group developed neurological deficits, however none of them recover postoperatively (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
SINS is a very useful tool for assess stability of a pathologic fracture due to spinal metastases after radiotherapy for spinal metastases. Moderate or high SINS are associated with a high risk of fracture progression as well as risk for neurological deterioration, therefore surgical instrumentation in these groups may be advised prior to radiotherapy.