bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PS-C28-1: EARLY DETECTION OF DEMENTIA AT COMMUNITY PHARMACIES USING SIMPLE TOUCH PANEL SCREENING CHECK
Authors: Kai Mamiko , Tominaga Koji , Morita Kazutoshi , Soda Yoshio , Sejima Ei , Dendo Hitomi , Yamaguchi Ryosuke , Takada Makiko , Akura Hiroshi , Ono Kazuhiko , Hayashi Toshinobu , Iida Hitoshi , Ogomori Koji , Kawasaski Hiroaki , Egawa Takashi 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to examine whether a simple touch panel screening check for dementia (TPCD) would be effective for early detection of dementia at community pharmacies.

Design and Methods:
This was a prospective study of adult visitors presenting to a pharmacy adjacent to a university hospital (Project 1) or to a general physician clinic (Project 2). Participants were voluntarily recruited in the pharmacies and were registered after written informed consent. To evaluate the cognitive function of participants, we scored immediate and recent memories of words, time orientation, figure recognition using a Forgetfulness Consultation Program MSP-1100 (Nihon Kohden, Tokyo). When the score was or less than 12 out of 15 points, participants were suspected as having dementia and recommended to visit the psychiatric outpatient clinic of the university hospital (Project 1) or to visit the general physician (Project 2). On the next visit to the pharmacy, the participants were asked whether they had received the consultation of the psychiatric specialists.

Results:
[Project 1] TPCD was conducted on 81 individuals (35 men) from January 2019 to January 2020. One was excluded because of agreement withdrawal and another was excluded because he had already been treated for dementia at another clinic. Of 79 participants, 17 (21.5%, 8 men) were suspected as having dementia and were recommended to visit the psychiatric clinic. Two participant visited psychiatric specialists and were diagnosed as having mild cognitive impairment. Four consulted with their family physicians but have not yet visit the psychiatric clinic. Eleven refused the consultation. [Project 2] Currently, TPCD was conducted on 30 individuals (8 men) and 10 (33.3%, 3 men) were suspected to having dementia from January 2021 to April 2022. The recruitment is now ongoing.

Conclusion:
This preliminary analysis suggests that TPCD in pharmacies may be effective for early detection of dementia. It is necessary to strengthen the pass to support the consultation visit to psychiatric specialists.
PS-C29-7: ASSOCIATION OF SERUM LEPTIN TO ADIPONECTIN RATIO AND CARDIOVASCULAR STRUCTURAL INDICES IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITHOUT CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Ohara Maiko , Koike Tsutomu , Tomoda Fumihiro , Yamazaki Hidenori , Kinugawa Koichiro 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Dysregulated leptin and adiponectin profile is known to be associated with atherosclerotic disease. The evaluation of the leptin to adiponectin (L/A) ratio has been suggested as a powerful useful atherosclerotic index compared with adiponectin and leptin alone in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of L/A ratio for vascular structural abnormalities in essential hypertensive patients.

Design and method:
In 151 untreated essential hypertensive patients (86 males, average age 56 ± 12 years) without chronic kidney disease (urinary albumin excretion (UAE) less than 300 mg/g of creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or more), blood sampling, 24-hour urine collection, and 24-hour blood pressure monitoring were performed. Intima-media thickness of carotid artery (IMT) and minimal forearm vascular resistance (MVR) (wall to lumen ratio in resistance vessel) were also measured by using ultrasonography and strain-gauge plethysmography, respectively.

Results:
L/A ratio was higher in men than in women (1.23 ± 1.56 vs 0.73 ± 0.87, p < 0.05). There was no correlation between L/A ratio and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate. L/A ratio correlated positively with body mass index, triglyceride, hemoglobin A1c, HOMA-R and urinary C-peptide excretion (r = 0.57, 0.20, 0.20, 0.31, 0.27, p < 0.05, respectively) and negatively with HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.24, p < 0.05). In addition, UAE, IMT and MVR were increased accompanying incremental L/A ratio (r = 0.20, 0.17, 0.19, p < 0.05, respectively)In addition, UAE, IMT and MVR were increased accompanying incremental L/A ratio (r = 0.20, 0.17, 0.19, p < 0.05, respectively), whereas these indices did not associated with leptin and adiponectin individually. In multiple regression analysis, L/A ratio was an independent determinant for UAE, IMT and MVR.

Conclusions:
In patients with essential hypertension, L/A ratio was associated with obesity, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, increase in microalbuminuria, and arterial and arteriolar sclerosis. L/A ratio was considered as a useful indicator of vascular structural abnormalities in patients with essential hypertension.
PS-C30-10: EFFECT OF OBESITY ON SERUM PROFILES OF THE RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM (RAAS) IN PREGNANCY
Authors: Davis Dolph L , Poglitsch Marko , Vignes Katherine , Huang Hong , Bauer John A , OBrien John , Shoemaker Robin 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a leading cause of maternal and infant morbidities and mortalities. Activity of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) is critical for the physiology of pregnancy, and suppressed RAAS during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes, such as preeclampsia. Obesity is a major contributor to adverse outcomes of pregnancy, and obesity modulates the RAAS in non-pregnant conditions. It is not known how the RAAS is regulated with obesity during pregnancy. We quantified serum biomarkers of the classical and alternative arms of the RAAS in a cohort of pregnant women to determine associations between obesity and activity of the RAAS during pregnancy.

Design and Methods:
We recruited a prospective cohort of n = 36 pregnant women in the first trimester with no clinical risk factors. Patients were separated into two groups, greater (n = 23) or less than (n = 13) body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 at enrollment. We quantified 6 angiotensin peptides, aldosterone, and enzyme activities of ACE2 and NEP in serum using LC-MS/MS in the first and third trimester. PRA, S was calculated as: Ang I + Ang II (pmol/L). Data are median [IQR].

Results:
PRA, S and aldosterone increased with pregnancy in both groups, but the change from first to third trimester was reduced in the BMI > 30 group compared to those with BMI < 30 (PRA-S: 24.1 [-45.4 to 194.7] versus 70.9 [9.2 to 113.1]) pmol/L, respectively; Aldo: 234.3 [45.5 to 532.7] versus 648.2 [182.1 to 1207.3] pmol/L, respectively; P < 0.05). ACE2 activity was increased during pregnancy, with no differences between groups, however, NEP activity was elevated in the BMI > 30 group at both time points during pregnancy compared to the BMI < 30 group (1st trim: 13.4 [8.1 to 20.38] versus 8.4 [3.7 to 12.03]; 3rd trim: 21.3 [11.7 to 26.5] versus 13.47 [10.5 to 22.8] ng/mL; P < 0.01). In the BMI < 30 group, n = 2 developed gestational hypertension and n = 1 developed postpartum preeclampsia. In contrast, in the BMI > 30 group, n = 7 developed gestational hypertension, n = 2 developed preeclampsia/postpartum preeclampsia.

Conclusion:
Activity of the classical RAAS is reduced in women with 1st trimester BMI > 30 compared to those with BMI < 30. In contrast, the alternative RAS is not suppressed by obesity during pregnancy. Further, elevated 1st trimester BMI was associated with more adverse outcomes. Reduced activity of the classical RAAS with obesity may contribute to adverse outcomes in pregnancy.
PS-C31-4: METABOLIC RISK FACTORS DIFFER IN OBESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS FROM RURAL VERSUS NON-RURAL REGIONS
Authors: Valdez Lucrecia K , Huang Hong , AlSiraj Yasir , Murphy Margaret , Oberle |Micaila R , III Dolph L Davis , Bauer John A , Radulescu Aurelia , Shoemaker Robin 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
The obesity rate in children is rising in the United States, and this is particularly true in children located in rural regions. Rural communities are at greater risk for health disparities, such as metabolic disease, due to socioeconomic factors and access to food and healthcare. Previous studies in rural youth have focused on lifestyle intervention and behavior modification to improve obesity rates. However, there are limited studies comparing clinical parameters of metabolic disease in rural versus non-rural regions in youth. The objective of this study was to examine blood markers of glucose and lipid status among rural vs non-rural adolescents to identify risk factors for metabolic disease.

Design and method:
This is a single timepoint pilot study of n = 82 children and adolescents ages 6–17 recruited from a Pediatric High BMI Clinic. Subjects were grouped according to region: rural (n = 12), micropolitan (n = 20), and metropolitan (n = 50). Weight, adiposity, clinical data, and blood samples were collected at the time of initial clinic visit. Data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA.

Results:
BMI and waist circumference (WC) was highest in rural subjects (BMI - rural: 38.5 ± 5.4 versus micropolitan: 37.7 ± 9.1 versus metropolitan: 33.5 ± 5.5 kg/m2; P < 0.05. WC - rural: 116 ± 12.5 versus micropolitan: 115.1 ± 19.8 versus metropolitan: 105.2 ± 15.6 cm; P < 0.05). In contrast, there was no difference in markers of glucose homeostasis or lipids between regions. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3 were different among groups, with the lowest in subjects from the metropolitan area, and highest in the rural area (rural: 34.9 ± 9.6; micropolitan: 30.2 ± 9.7; metropolitan: 23.0 ± 9.3 ng/mL; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
In agreement with literature, adiposity was greatest in subjects living in non-metropolitan areas. However, this was not associated with elevated markers of metabolic risk, and rural subjects had the greatest serum vitamin D3 concentrations. Further understanding of differences in lifestyle in rural versus non-rural areas may improve opportunities for targeted health interventions.
PS-C31-9: A RANDOMISED TRIAL OF THE TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE (TCM) CONSTITUTION-BASED DIETARY REGIME IN GRADE 1 HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: RATIONALE AND DESIGN
Authors: Wang Harry HX , Wu Xiao Ya , Li Yu Ting , Wang Yi , Fu Yu , Wang Jia Ji , Wong Martin CS , Fan Yu Ling 
Published: January 2023

Background and Objective:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents enormous challenges to population health. Body constitution, from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), differentiates how individuals feel and behave, and ultimately affects how different bodies respond to dietary intake. We hypothesise that the TCM constitution-based dietary intervention would be an effective approach to achieving favourable clinical and TCM-related outcomes when compared to usual care alone among the Chinese grade 1 hypertensive patients.

Design and method:
This is a parallel-group, randomised trial (registered as ChiCTR2000034749; http://www.chictr.org.cn). Participants consist of 274 primary care adults, aged 35 years or older, with uncomplicated grade 1 hypertension and at low risk of cardiovascular and renal events. Participants will be randomly assigned to either control or intervention group with a 1:1 allocation as per computer-generated random numbers. Permuted blocks of random sizes will be used. Subjects in the invention group will receive an on-site constitution assessment based on physical signs, personality, body symptoms, and the susceptibility to environmental changes. This will be conducted by the attending TCM practitioners trained in a prior session to improve the inter-rater reliability. A colour-printed constitution-specific brochure will be provided onsite. Health education materials will be made available to patients by courier service thereafter. All participants receive routine care provided by the ‘family doctor team’ in the context of the national basic public health service delivery. Measurements will be undertaken at three time-points, i.e., at baseline, at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. At each follow-up interview, subjects in the intervention group will be questioned about the constitution types of their own, and a full awareness of the constitution profile will be seen as an adherence to the protocol.

Results and outcome evaluation:
The primary outcome of the study is the difference between the two arms in the proportion of participants who had optimal control of blood pressure at 12 months. A point estimate of 25% inferiority in effectiveness would be acceptable assuming a gain that is considered to be clinically relevant. The secondary outcome measures include differences in the profile of clinical parameters and TCM symptoms between the two arms.

Conclusions:
We believe that this study offers new insights for cardiovascular health management through TCM constitution-based strategies in primary care settings to target those who need continuous attention in dietary modifications. The findings may advance our knowledge of the practical contribution of complementary and alternative medicine in the prevention and control of CVD.
PS-C33-2: HYPERTENSION, OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AND HYPERALDOSTERONISM: A BIDIRECTIONAL MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION STUDY
Authors: Sun Yancui , Song Wei , Jiang Yinong 
Published: January 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study was to investigate the causal effects between hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea and hyperaldosteronism.

Methods and Results:
We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis implementing the results from a large-scale genome-wide association study for hypertension by the UK Biobank (N = 462933), obstructive sleep apnea (N = 217955) and hyperaldosteronism and (N = 211463) by the FinnGen to identify genetic instruments. The inverse variance weighted method was the main MR method used. A genetic predisposition to hypertension was significantly increased risk of OSA (OR and 95%CI, 1.49(1.159–1.939) and hyperaldosteronism (OR and 95%CI, 123.863(25.598–599.338). The significance remained consistent in MR sensitivity analyses. Genetically OSA did not show a significant association with the risk of hypertension and hyperaldosteronism, and hyperaldosteronism did not associate with hypertension and OSA.

Conclusions:
Our study supports that hypertension is a causal risk factor for OSA and hyperaldosteronism. However, the effect of OSA on hypertension and hyperaldosteronism, hyperaldosteronism on hypertension and OSA were not identified in this study.
PS-C34-8: INFLUENCE OF RISK FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WITH UNCONTROLLED ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Yusupova Dilafruz , Sadulloeva Mokhinur , Abdussatarovna Gulnoza , Yuldasheva Aziza , Masharipov Shukhrat 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Arterial stiffness is an unfavorable prognostic marker in patients with arterial hypertension (AH). Early diagnosis of the development of arterial stiffness contributes to the selection of pathogenetic therapy aimed at vascular protection. As noted in the recommendations for hypertension, markers of vascular damage in hypertension are pulse pressure (PP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) > 10 m/s. However, in the conditions of practical medicine in our republic, there is no possibility of applanation tonometry to assess PWV.

Aim:
to search for risk factors associated with the early development of arterial stiffness in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.

Material and Methods:
133 patients with an average age of 59.13 ± 8.18 years with uncontrolled hypertension, 22.5% of who were smokers. All patients underwent office blood pressure measurements, ECG, duplex scanning of the carotid arteries, applanation tonometry to determine PWV (Sphygmocor, Atcor, Australia) on the segment of the carotid-femoral artery, lipid spectrum, creatinine, and blood serum glucose.

Results:
Office systolic, diastolic and pulse BP (SBP, DBP and PP) were 164.92 ± 19.0 mm Hg, 99.2 ± 9.08 mm Hg, 65.73 ± 13.67 mm Hg, which corresponded to 2 degrees of arterial hypertension. Central SBP, DBP and PP: 166.96 ± 29.75 mm Hg, 84.8 ± 14.59 mm Hg, PD 81.96 mm Hg. respectively. An increase in PP characterized the development of vascular stiffness in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. At the same time, PWV was 10.8 ± 2.03 m/s; in 60% of patients, PWV exceeded the standard values (> 10 m/s). There was a thickening of the thickness of the intima-media complex (IMC) of the common carotid artery up to 1.11 ± 0.18 mm. The correlation analysis performed showed a direct correlation between PWV and the age of patients (r = 0.383, p = 0.0001), tobacco smoking (r = 0.2, p = 0.004), SBP (r = 0.15, p = 0.046), blood glucose level (r = 0.2, p = 0.008), CMM thickness (r = 0.3, p = 0.0001).

Conclusion:
The results showed an association of age, SBP, smoking, fasting glucose levels, IMT thickness with the development of arterial stiffness in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. These markers can be determined at the primary health care level and included in the stratification of the risk of vascular damage in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
PS-P13-11: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SPOT URINE SODIUM-TO-POTASSIUM RATIO AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN HEALTHY ADOLESCENTS: THE WAKAYAMA STUDY
Authors: Zhang Yan , Miyai Nobuyuki , Sougawa Yukiko , Hayakawa Hiroko , Tsuji Kumiko , Arima Miho , Utsumi Miyoko , Miyashita Kazuhisa , Arita Mikio 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Spot urine sodium to potassium ratio (Na/K) is a simple measure of sodium loading and has been shown to be associated with blood pressure (BP) levels. This study aimed to evaluate the association between spot urine Na/K and BP in a cross sectional sample of healthy adolescent population.

Design and method:
The study participants consisted of 457 healthy adolescents (217 males and 240 females) aged 12 to 15 years (mean age: 13.9 years). Brachial arterial BP was measured in the supine position using digital BP monitor with an appropriate cuff size. Urinary Na, K, and creatinine levels were measured using spot urine specimens collected in the early morning of the sampling day.

Results:
The spot urine Na/K levels of participants was 4.99 ± 2.76 (Na, 148.1 ± 58.4 mEq/L; K, 36.1 ± 18.7 mEq/L), and there was no significant difference between males and females. When the participants were stratified based on the quartiles of urinary Na/K distribution (< 2.95, 2.95 to 4.54, 4.55 to 6.59, > = 6.6), systolic and diastolic BP gradually increased with an increase in Na/K levels (systolic BP, 106.1, 106.9, 108.2, and 111.5 mmHg, P for trend < 0.001; diastolic BP, 62.0, 62.4, 63.1, 64.3 mmHg, P for trend = 0.022). The Na/K was more closely associated with BP than urinary Na and K levels, as well as daily salt intake estimated from urinary Na. In multiple regression analysis, Na/K was significantly associated with systolic BP (β; = 0.144, P < 0.001) and diastolic BP (β; = 0.114, P = 0.015), independent of potential confounding factors. The BP of the subgroup with high Na/K (> = 6.6) and high salt intake (> = 8.5 g/day) was significantly higher than that of those with only high salt intake (systolic BP, 115.0 mmHg vs. 109.1 mmHg, P < 0.001; diastolic BP, 66.0 mmHg vs. 62.5 mmHg, P = 0.017).

Conclusions:
High Na/K levels is associated with elevated BP in healthy adolescents, and Na/K may be useful in assessing the effect of salt loading on BP than Na excretion alone.
PS-P14-2: ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND SALT CONSUMPTION IN LITHUANIA
Authors: Zakauskiene Urte , Sukackiene Diana , Macioniene Ernesta , Bratcikoviene Nomeda , Banys Valdas , Zabuliene Lina , Miglinas Marius 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Though it is an easily modifiable factor, high salt consumption remains the major contributor of the development of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular mortality. The World Health Organization recommends to consume less than 5 g salt per day. We aimed to evaluate the associations of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion and arterial blood pressure in Lithuanian adult population.

Design and method:
1082 randomly selected individuals (18–69 years) were invited to participate in the study. We obtained 1035 samples of 24-hour urine collections, but 147 participants were excluded due to incomplete or inaccurate urine collection and/or 24 h urinary creatinine excretion outside 2 standard deviations of the sex-specific distribution. Three blood pressure (BP) readings were measured, separated by at least 1 min. Arterial hypertension was defined as systolic or diastolic BP > 140/90 mmHg and/or antihypertensive treatment and/or previously diagnosed hypertension. 9 individuals were excluded due to missing blood pressure measurements.

Results:
In a final analysis 879 individuals were enrolled, 52.67% was female. Mean age of all participants was 47.49 (±12.05) years old. Mean 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was 162.5mmol/24 hours and calculated mean salt consumption was 9.97 g (±5.29). Males had higher mean salt consumption than females (11.76 ± 5.8 g vs. 8.36 ± 4.2, p < 0.001). 35.7% of participants were identified to have arterial hypertension, a quarter were treated with antihypertensive medication. Hypertensive individuals had significantly higher salt consumption than normotensive participants of this study (11.1 ± 6.3 g vs. 9.35 ± 4.5 g, p < 0.01). Correlation coefficient between arterial hypertension and salt consumption was 0.25 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Mean salt consumption in Lithuania twofold exceeds recommended amount. Male individuals use more salt than female. Hypertensive individuals have higher salt consumption.
PS-P16-6: FEASIBILITY AND MEASUREMENT STABILITY OF SMARTWATCH-BASED CUFFLESS BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING
Authors: Lee Hae-Young 
Published: January 2023

Aim:
To evaluate the feasibility and stability of smartwatch-based blood pressure (BP) monitoring.

Methods and Results:
Using real-world data from a campaign entitled Daily BP measurement with your Galaxy Watch, we collected 35,646 BP readings from 760 participants (mean age 43.7 ± 11.9, 80.3% men). Each participant measured BP 1.5 ± 1.3 times a day, and 19.7% of the participants had measurements every day. BP showed large variability, mainly depending on measurement time (hours) and days. The average pre-post calibration error for systolic BP (SBP), defined as the difference of SBP before and after calibration, was 6.8 ± 5.6 mmHg, which increased with higher SBP before calibration. SBP measurements showed good stability and reproducibility until the 15th day after calibration and showed increments afterward by 0.02 mmHg per day.

Conclusion:
Smartwatch is a feasible monitoring tool for out-of-office monitoring in the real-world setting. However, a substantial extent of pre-post calibration error was observed, warranting the sophisticated assistance by medical personnel in the calibration process.