bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of early-treatment interventions on self-reported long COVID: A multi-arm, multi-stage adaptive platform control trial
Authors: Reis Gilmar , Wilson Lindsay , Ayers Dieter , Silva Eduardo , Medeiros Daniela , Thabane Lehana , Campos Vitoria , Ferreira Thiago , Santos Castilho dos , Nogueira Ana Maria , Almeida Ana Paula , Savassi Leonardo , Neto Adhemar , Rocha Ana Carolina , Bitarães Carina , Milagres Aline , Callegari Eduardo , Simplicio Maria , Ribeiro Luciene , França Carla , Oliveira Rosemary , Forrest Jamie , Harari Ofir , Ruton Hinda , Sprague Sheila , McKay Paula , Guo Christina , Silva Josue , Guyatt Gordon , Rayner Craig , Dybul Mark , Glenn Jeffrey S , Mills Edward 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Approximately 20% of people infected with COVID-19 develop at least one persistent condition potentially attributable to their SARS-CoV-2 infection. We sought to determine the effectiveness of early COVID-19 treatment interventions on long COVID symptoms. We conducted a multi-arm multi-stage adaptive platform trial at 12 public health clinics in Brazil between June 2020 and July 2022. Participants were followed for 60. Patients received one of six interventions (doxazosin, fluvoxamine, fluvoxamine in combination with inhaled budesonide, interferon-lambda, ivermectin, or metformin) or matching placebo. The primary outcome was persistence of COVID-19 symptoms at 60 days after randomization. We analyzed data from 5,700 participants across study cohorts. Overall, approximately 22% of patients reported at least one ongoing symptom 60 days after randomization, regardless of the early treatment they received. At day 60, we did not find any statistical benefit of any intervention on recovery, cure fractions, or PROMIS scores (mental and physical).
Aquaporin-4 IgG Antibodies: Predictors of Positivity and Their Relationship with Neuropsychiatric Disorders and White Matter Lesions in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Authors: shaaban yasmine , El-Refaey Ahmed M , elmarsafawy Hala , el-farahaty reham , el-ziny Sherine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to describe the prevalence of the various clinical features and severity of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) and to assess predictors of AQP4-Ab positivity in jSLE. In addition, we assessed the relationship of AQP4-Abs with neuropsychiatric disorders and white matter lesions in jSLE.
Method
For 90 patients with jSLE, demographic data, clinical manifestations, and treatments received were recorded, and all of the patients were underwent clinical examinations, including assessments for the neurological manifestations of jSLE and neuropsychiatric disorders; Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score evaluations; laboratory investigations, including serum AQP4-Ab assays; and 1.5 Tesla brain MRI. Echocardiography and renal biopsy were performed for the indicated patients.
Result
Fifty-six patients (62.2%) tested positive for AQP4-Abs. These patients were more likely to have higher disease activity scores (p < 0.001); discoid lesions (p = 0.039); neurological disorders (p = 0.001), mainly psychosis and seizures (p = 0.009 and p = 0.032, respectively); renal and cardiac involvement (p = 0.004 and p = 0.013, respectively); lower C3 levels (p = 0.006); white matter hyperintensities (p = 0.008); and white matter atrophy (p = 0.03) than patients who were negative for AQP4-Abs. Furthermore, AQP4-Ab-positive patients were more likely to have received cyclophosphamide (p = 0.028), antiepileptic drugs (p = 0.032) and plasma exchange therapy (p = 0.049).
Conclusion
jSLE patients with higher severity scores, neurological disorders, or white matter lesions could develop antibodies against AQP4. We recommend more studies for systematic screening of AQP4-Ab positivity in jSLE patients to confirm its relationship with neurological disorders.
Ant Weight Lifting Algorithm for Motion Estimation
Authors: Acharjee Suvojit , Chaudhuri Prof. Sheli Sinha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Every video coding standard includes and requires motion estimation and compensation. The full search algorithm, which provides the best motion estimation, has a very high computation cost. Researchers have developed several algorithms to reduce the cost of computation. However, most of these algorithms become trapped in local minima during the search. Population-based evolutionary algorithms are widely used to develop a computationally efficient and cost-effective motion estimation strategy. The most recent effort used the Jaya algorithm to develop a motion estimation process that outperformed the state-of-the-art test zone search algorithm. In this study, a motion estimation algorithm based on the ant weight lifting approach is proposed. Previously, the ant weight-lifting algorithm was used to solve a variety of problems such as image segmentation, signal compression, and so on. The ant weight-lifting algorithm's computation cost was reduced by adopting a fitness estimation method that uses nearest neighbor interpolation and an early termination strategy. Compared to Jaya algorithm-based motion estimation, the proposed algorithm executes up to 3% more quickly and exhibits up to 1.2 dB less distortion.
Highly alkali caustic discharges recovery using tubular and disc type of ceramic membranes and its applicability as a near zero liquid discharge opportunity in the textile industry
Authors: Dilaver Mehmet , Soydemir Gülfem , Çelebi Mehtap Dursun , Hocaoğlu Selda Murat , Keskinler Bülent , Ağtaş Meltem , Koyuncu İsmail , Alp Kadir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ceramic membrane technology is a good alternative for the recovery of highly alkaline and heavily concentrated caustic discharges through textile causticization processes since their high robustness. Recovery of causticization processes discharges with ceramic membrane technology has not been considered in detail in previous studies. In this study, highly alkaline and heavily polluted caustic discharges was assessed recovery and reuse potential using laboratory scale disc and tubular types of ceramic microfiltration, ultrafiltration and fine ultrafiltration membranes (0.2µm, 300kDa, 50kDa, 15kDa, 3kDa and 1kDa). Causticization discharges characteristics can be defined as 13±0.2 pH, 21.2±1g NaOH/L, 27.9±9 g COD/L, 1±0.3 g TSS/L and 1785±1568 Pt-Co based on long term wastewater characterization period. Required minimum MWCO membrane and membrane filtration process configuration based on permeate quality with minimum NaOH loss, membrane geometry affect, membrane fouling mechanism and economical assessment of caustic solution recovery were studied. Achievable optimum and acceptable permeate results obtained with two stage ceramic membrane filtration, 0.2µm microfiltration followed by 15kDa ultrafiltration permeate can be reused in the causticization process again. Steady state flux values were around 7-43 LMH at 1 bar and main fouling mechanism was the physically removable resistance according to resistance in series model, flux recovery 74% and up to 99% more after chemical cleaning and tubular type of membranes shows more fouling tendency compared to disc types. Proposed two stage ceramic membrane filtration not only provides comparable less chemical consumption but also Textile BREF documents’ caustic discharge criteria might be met with near zero liquid caustic discharge.
Leucine supplementation during caloric restriction in adults at risk of metabolic syndrome: An 8 week double blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pathak Kaveri , Zhao Yun , Calton Emily , James Anthony , Newsholme Philip , Sherriff Jillian , Soares Mario 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Leucine (Leu) supplementation per se could benefit fat-free mass (FFM)/function and improve glucose metabolism.
Objectives: To determine whether leucine supplementation during caloric restriction blunted the loss of FFM, increased the loss of fat mass (FM) and impacted glucose tolerance.
Design: Thirty-seven adults, aged 20-65 y with increased waist circumference (>80 cm for females and >94 cm for males) and at least another component of metabolic syndrome (MetS) were studied in a parallel, double blind randomized control trial (RCT). Participants were allocated randomly to either an intervention (leucine – 3 g/d) or placebo (lactose - 2.67 g/d) group, while following an individualised calorie-restricted diet over an 8-week period. Body composition (DEXA), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin and components of MetS were measured before and after the trial. Analysis of covariance assessed the effect of the leucine intervention on an intention-to-treat (ITT) principle. Bootstrapping method with 1000 bootstrap samples was used to derive parameter estimates, standard errors, p values, and 95% confidence intervals for all outcomes.
Results: Adjusted for baseline values and other covariates, FFM (p=0.045) and lean tissue mass (LTM) (p=0.050) were significantly higher following Leu. These outcomes were modified by a significant treatment x gender interaction that indicated Leu had the greater effect in men. Adjusted for body composition changes, there were no differences in insulin sensitivity, oral glucose tolerance, or MetS components.
Conclusion: Short-term leucine supplementation resulted in a greater preservation of FFM and LTM particularly in men.
Illuminating the mechanism and allosteric behavior of NanoLuc luciferase
Authors: Nemergut Michal , Pluskal Daniel , Horackova Jana , Sustrova Tereza , Tulis Jan , Barta Tomas , Baatallah Racha , Gagnot Glwadys , Novakova Veronika , Majerova Marika , Marques Sérgio , Toul Martin , Damborsky Jiri , Bednar David , Prokop Zbynek , Janin Yves , Marek Martin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
NanoLuc, a superior β-barrel fold luciferase, was engineered 10 years ago but the nature of its catalysis remains puzzling. Here experimental and computational techniques were combined, revealing that imidazopyrazinone luciferins bind to an intra-barrel catalytic site but also to an allosteric site shaped on the enzyme surface. Binding to the allosteric site prevents simultaneous binding to the catalytic site, and vice versa, through concerted conformational changes. We demonstrate that restructuration of the allosteric site can dramatically boost the luminescent reaction in the remote active site. Mechanistically, an intra-barrel arginine coordinates the imidazopyrazinone component of luciferin to attack O2 via a radical charge-transfer mechanism, as well as it protonates the excited amide product to secure high emission intensity. Concomitantly, an aspartate, supported by two tyrosines, fine-tune the electronic state of amide product, promoting the formation of the blue color emitter. This information is critical to engineering the next-generation of light-producing biosystems.
Heterodera schachtii Bactericidal Permeability-increasing protein (Hs-BPI) is a parasitism-related gene
Authors: ULUDAMAR ECE BÖRTEÇİNE KASAPOĞLU , HABASH Samer S. , POKHARE Somnath S. , GLEASON Cynthia , GRUNDLER Florian M.W. , Elashry Abdelnaser M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cyst nematodes are obligate parasites that feed on a wide range of plant species by inducing a specific nurse cell system (syncytium) in the host root. Nematode effectors play a key role in the induction and maintenance of the syncytia. Effectors encoded by parasitism genes are typically produced in the nematode esophageal glands and secreted into the affected plant tissue. One of the main challenges in understanding cyst nematode parasitism has been identifying effectors and then deciphering their mechanistic role in parasitism. In this study, we investigated a protein annotated as a Bactericidal Permeability-increasing protein (BPI) from the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Hs-BPI is highly conserved among cyst nematodes, and the gene is upregulated in expression during early stages of nematode parasitism. In situ hybridization revealed that Hs-BPI localizes to the nematode esophageal glands. Knocking down Hs-BPI by host-delivered dsRNA negatively affected development of H. schachtii females. Our data indicate a role of BPI proteins in cyst nematode parasitism.
Does the wetland invader, Alternanthera philoxeroides cause different ecological impact compared to the native Typha angustifolia? A comparison of sediment stoichiometry and microbial pattern between urban and periurban rivers
Authors: Wang Tong , Yang Jinming , Zhu Yongfeng , Zhang Zeyu , Chi Xiaolong , Sun Zhen , Wang Chunlin , Fang Lizheng , Dou Hongrui , Fan Zhenghao , Liu Chunhua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsPlant invasion can modify habitat characteristics for instance soil stoichiometry and microbial pattern. However, few studies concerned the effects of plant invasion on the soil properties in the urban ecosystem. The present study aims to explore the impact of aquatic plant invasion on sediment properties within the urbanization context.MethodsFirst, population density and impervious surface area, were used to construct an urbanization gradient of river wetlands and divide the two rivers of Qingdao City, China – Zhangcun River and Wenquan River into urban and periurban types. Second, sediment samples were collected from the plots invaded by the aquatic plant invader,Alternanthera philoxeroidesand its native neighbor,Typha angustifoliain urban and periurban rivers. Lastly, sediment properties were determined and a comparison was performed.ResultsFirst, a general similar fertility and stoichiometry was found between the sediment derived from the invasive and that from the native. Second, a higher bacterial diversity was found in the sediment derived fromA. philoxeroidesmerely in the periurban river, while the higher bacterial diversity was merely shown for the Shannon’s diversity index ofA. philoxeroidesin the urban river. Third,A. philoxeroidesshaped a novel soil microbial structure since more microbes relevant with nutrient cycling were accumulated compared to the native. Lastly, urbanization gradient affected the comparison between the invasive and native plants on soil properties. Conclusion The invasion of exotic aquatic plant altered the sediment microbial pattern to some extent and the potential plant-soil feedback needs further investigation.
Non-ferrule design for indirect restoration of endodontically treated premolars with severe hard tissue loss
Authors: Sterzenbach Guido , Wunderlich Paul , Blunck Uwe , Krastl Gabriel , Bitter Kerstin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives

This study aimed to predict the potential of endocrown and non-retentive crown restoration designs without post-and-core build-up made of either lithium-disilicate (Li) or CAD-CAM composite resin (CR).

Materials and Methods

After removing the clinical crown sixty endodontically treated human maxillary premolars were restored accordingly to group C = glassfibre-reinforced post and composite core-build-up with ferrule design and crown restoration (control); group NRC = non-retentive crown preparation without endodontic post and no-ferrule design and group EC = endocrown design with internal extension. Prior to linear loading until failure (Fmax) all crown restorations were subjected to thermal cycling and simultaneous mechanical loading (TCML). The maximum load capabilities (Fmax) were compared using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney analyses. The marginal gap formation was evaluated before and after TCML.

Results

All specimens survived the TCML. Specimens of group C/CR (502.5 N) and NRC/CR (481.5 N) revealed significant lower load capabilities (p < 0.03). The endocrowns (EC/CR 725 N; EC/Li 637 N) show high and no significantly different Fmax values compared to groups C/Li (665 N) and NRC/Li (726.5 N). The marginal gap analyses reveals a higher percentage of restoration margin alteration for CR.

Conclusions

Regarding the load capability of endodontically treated premolars, endocrowns and non-retentive crowns made from Li and endocrowns made from CR show comparable load capabilties to post-and-core crown restorations.
Clinical Relevance: Single crown restorations for endodontically treated premolares with non-retentive crown design without post-and-core build-up and endocrowns are promising treatment alternatives to preserve a maximum of tooth hard tissue.
Calculating Nash Equilibrium on quantum annealers
Authors: Khan Faisal Shah , Okrut Olga , Cannon Keith , El-Safty Kareem H. , Elsokkary Nada 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Adiabatic quantum computing is implemented on specialized hardware using the heuristics of the quantum annealing algorithm. To solve a problem using quantum annealing,the problem requires the formatting as a discrete quadratic function without constraints. The problem of finding Nash equilibrium in two-player, non-cooperativegames is a two-fold quadratic optimization problem with constraints. This problem was formatted as a single, constrained quadratic optimization in 1964 by Mangasarianand Stone. Here, we show that adding penalty terms to the quadratic function formulation of Nash equilibrium gives a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization(QUBO) formulation of this problem that can be executed on quantum annealers. Three examples are discussed to highlight the success of the formulation, and an overall,time-to-solution (hardware + software processing) speed up by seven to ten times is reported on quantum annealers developed by D-Wave System.
Trends in blackfly density, parity, and infection rates from riverside to villages of the Bafia health district in Cameroon: implication for onchocerciasis vector control
Authors: Domche André , Nana-Djeunga Hugues C. , Nwane Philippe B. , Njitchouang Guy R. , Fesuh Betrand , Njiokou Flobert , Kamgno Joseph 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The reduction of the contacts between humans and blackflies can lead to the interruption of the onchocerciasis transmission. Esperanza window trap (EWT) has been shown to be effective in reducing blackfly densities. Several shape-based improvements to this trapping system have been developed to optimize its performance. However, the optimisation of this trapping system has always been based on the shape of the trap, high blackfly density areas or on the addition of attractants, without considering transmission potentials and parity rates. This study aims to investigate the differences in biting rates and transmission potential between three catching points to guide the choice of EWT placement.
Methods
Monthly blackfly collection was carried out over one year using human landing method at three catching points along a transect from riverside toward the centre of two first-line villages (Biatsota and Bayomen) of the Mbam valley in Cameroon. Female blackflies caught were counted and dissected, and entomological indicators were computed and compared between catching points and villages.
Results
A total of 80,732 blackflies were caught and 57,517 dissected, of which 2,743 (4.8%) were parous and 44 (1.6%) infective. Regarding the distance to the river, a vector density gradient was observed, the highest annual biting rates (ABRs) being recorded at riverside. Furthermore, the highest annual transmission potentials were also recorded at riversides (165 vs 255 Infective larvae/man/year in Bayomen and Biatsota, respectively). Globally, the highest parity rates (PR) were recorded at the riverside in Biatsota (5.1%) where various human activities are frequent, and at the centre of the village in Bayomen (6.3%).
Conclusion
This study reveals that entomological parameters were the highest at riversides and indicates that EWTs or other trapping systems should be set up in priority at riverside for optimal performance in onchocerciasis control.
Decisive Roles of Interfacial Water Orientation and Hydrogen Bonds in the Dramatic Activity Gap of Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Catalysts for ORR in Alkaline and Acid
Authors: Li Peng , Jiao Yuzhou , Men Yana , Chen Shengli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There is a standing question in electrochemistry and energy conversion that why the metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts generally exhibit dramatic activity drop for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) when changing the electrolyte pH from alkaline to acid regime, which has severely inhibited the application of these nonprecious metal materials as viable electrocatalysts for the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, taking FeCo-N6-C double-atom catalyst as a model system and by combining the ab initio molecular dynamics simulation and the slow-growth enhanced free-energy sampling approach, the interfacial double-layer microenvironments, ORR pathways, energetics of various elementary steps, and barriers of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) steps in alkaline and acid medias have been meticulously investigated and compared to understand the pH-dependent ORR activity on the molecular scale. We conclude that the greatly different orientations of interfacial water under alkaline and acid ORR conditions play a decisive role in the formation of hydrogen bonds between the surface oxygenated intermediates and the interfacial water molecules, thereby vitally control the kinetics of the PCET steps. The present finding that it is the interfacial double-layer structure, rather than the energetics of the multistep reaction pathway, that brings about the dramatic electrocatalytic activity gap of M-N-C catalysts for ORR in alkaline and acid electrolytes, not only emphasizes the significance of interfacial microstructures in electrocatalysis, but also opens new and feasible avenues for the design of advanced M-N-C catalysts for PEMFCs.
Persistent T cell unresponsiveness associated with chronic visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-coinfected patients
Authors: de Vrij Nicky , Rezende Antonio , Pollmann Julia , Meneses Ana , Pham Thao-Thy , Hailemichael Wasihun , Kassa Mekebib , Bogale Tadfe , Melkamu Roma , Yeshanew Arega , Mohammed Rezika , Diro Ermias , Maes Ilse , Domagalska Malgorzata , Landuyt Hanne , Vogt Florian , Henten Saskia van , Laukens Kris , Cuypers Bart , Meysman Pieter , Beyene Hailemariam , Sisay Kasaye , Kibret Aderajew , Mersha Dagnew , Ritmeijer Koert , Griensven Johan Van , Adriaensen Wim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

A large proportion of HIV-coinfected visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients exhibit a chronic disease course with frequent recurrence of VL, despite successful viral suppression and initial parasitological cure. Due to a hard-to-reach population, knowledge on immunological determinants underlying this chronic disease course is scarce, limiting treatment and patient management options. Thus, we studied alterations in cellular immunity with flow cytometry and single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing on circulatory immune cells of a longitudinal HIV cohort in North-West Ethiopia, including asymptomatically Leishmania-infected and active VL-HIV patients. We observed that VL chronicity in VL-HIV patients was associated with persistent CD8+ T cell exhaustion and marked CD4+ T cell anergy, characterised by a high expression of PD-1 and TIGIT, and a lack of lymphoproliferative response upon stimulation. These findings provide a strong rationale for adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of chronic VL-HIV patients and highlight the importance of VL relapse markers.