bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A structure‐oriented loss function for automated semantic segmentation of bridge point clouds
Authors: Lin Chao , Abe Shuhei , Zheng Shitao , Li Xianfeng , Chun Pang‐jo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFocusing on learning‐based semantic segmentation (SS) methods for bridge point cloud data (PCD), this study proposes a structure‐oriented concept (SOC) with training focused on the spatial distribution patterns of bridge components, including both the horizontally absolute location of each component and its vertically relative position compared with other components. Then a structure‐oriented loss (SOL) function, which embodies the core of SOC, is defined accordingly, and it is compared to five cutting‐edge loss functions on a collected bridge PCD dataset. In contrast to the limitations of other loss functions, SOL significantly improves the overall evaluation metrics of overall accuracy (6.53%) and mean intersection over union (mean IoU: 8.67%). The IoU of the category “others” is improved by 8.44%, which is very important for automating the time‐consuming denoising process. Furthermore, the demonstrated robustness of SOC and SOL reveal great potential to improve the performance of other SS models.
A multi‐level feature fusion artificial neural network for classification of acoustic emission signals
Authors: Huang Jinliang , Zhu Zhaolin , Chen Zhihao , Lu Haotian , Yang Zijin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce FUSION‐ANN, a novel artificial neural network (ANN) designed for acoustic emission (AE) signal classification. FUSION‐ANN comprises four distinct ANN branches, each housing an independent multilayer perceptron. We extract denoised features of speech recognition such as linear predictive coding, Mel‐frequency cepstral coefficient, and gammatone cepstral coefficient to represent AE signals. These features are concatenated to form a new feature called LMGC, which serves as input data for the four branches of FUSION‐ANN. The network performs AE signal recognition and classification through forward propagation in each branch, utilizing multi‐level feature fusion. We evaluate FUSION‐ANN's performance on the ORION‐AE benchmark dataset, which contains AE signals from various loading conditions simulating loosening phenomena in aeronautics, automotive, and civil engineering structures. Our results demonstrate an impressive average accuracy of 98% in AE signal classification. Additionally, FUSION‐ANN boasts high training efficiency, robustness, and accuracy, making it suitable for reliable AE signal analysis. However, given the current limitations, we aim to conduct more comprehensive investigations in the future. Our plan includes further testing of the network's performance across various categories of AE signals to assess its generality. Additionally, we will select richer and more efficient feature sets to characterize these signals.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Pediatric Systemic Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Morón‐Ocaña Juan‐Manuel , Monsalve‐Sosa Pablo , Martínez‐Barranca María‐Luisa , Coronel‐Pérez Isabel‐María , Pérez‐Gil Amalia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground/ObjectivesAnaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) present unique challenges due to their clinical and genetic heterogeneity. This study investigated the clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with systemic ALCL.MethodsRetrospective data from 14 pediatric patients diagnosed with systemic ALCL at Valme University Hospital were studied. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were collected and statistically analyzed.ResultsThe mean age at diagnosis was 8.5 years, with a male predominance (78.6%). Cutaneous presentation occurred in 35.7% of cases, with characteristic rapidly growing subcutaneous nodules. B symptoms were present in 57.1% of patients, while 100% exhibited nodal involvement. Visceral and bone marrow involvement was observed in 71.4% and 7.1% of patients, respectively. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement was absent. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement was positive in all cases. Anthracycline‐based chemotherapy resulted in 100% 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival rates.ConclusionsSystemic ALCL in children often presents with advanced‐stage disease, with cutaneous involvement in a significant proportion of cases. Prompt recognition of skin lesions is vital to expedite diagnosis and treatment initiation, ultimately improving patient outcomes. This study underscores the importance of vigilance and early intervention in managing pediatric ALCL.
Critical citizens and discontented citizens: Education, perceptions of fairness, and support for anti‐COVID measures in China
Authors: Liu Jinjin , Pu Yingzhu , Zhang Tony Huiquan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHow and why people support or disapprove of governmental responses to public crises, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic, is an important issue in public opinion research. Since 2020, China's strict anti‐COVID policy has protected lives but faced resistance. Drawing on Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) 2021 data, we investigated the covariates associated with the support for the anti‐COVID measures in China, arguing that “critical citizens” (measured by university‐level education) and “discontented citizens” (measured by perceptions of fairness) were more likely to disapprove of the anti‐pandemic measures, and political trust would moderate the association. The findings showed that less educated and more satisfied citizens supported the government measures no matter what, whereas educated and discontented citizens showed conditional support—only when they had high political trust. These findings suggest reasons for the backlash to China's zero‐COVID policy and have broader implications for political trust and public opinion research.
The gift of mobility: Transfer networks of local decision‐makers and interlocal collaboration
Authors: Xing Puyao , Yang Ruiqi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExploring the role of key individuals in institutional collective action (ICA) and interlocal collaboration contributes to understanding the micro‐mechanisms of the policy process. The career mobility of local decision‐makers through transfers among jurisdictions is a common phenomenon. This phenomenon gives rise to transfer networks of local decision‐makers. Despite the prevalence of these transfer networks, they have received relatively little attention in studies on interlocal collaboration. It is unclear how local decision‐makers' transfer networks and different transfer network characteristics affect interlocal collaboration. This article explains the role that transfer networks and transfer network characteristics play in interlocal collaboration by embedding decision‐makers' social networks with transfer networks based on the ICA framework. This study used a dyadic panel dataset of Chinese inter‐provincial watershed environmental collaboration from 2007 to 2019 for empirical research. The results show that existence of transfer networks of local decision‐makers increases the likelihood of interlocal collaboration. The social network ties constructed by decision‐makers in their career paths are responsible for the functioning of transfer networks. The likelihood of interlocal collaboration is higher when transfer networks exhibit successiveness, diagonal promotion characteristics, and collegiality.
Hydro Power: Global and North American Perspectives
Authors: Spain Stephen D. 
Published: January 2025

The development of dams on rivers has played a vital role in supporting and advancing civilization throughout history. Dams have stored water for crop irrigation and flood control, produced mechanical power, and more recently generated electricity. Hydropower ingeniously combines two of the most fundamental elements of nature on our planet Earth - water and gravity - to help sustain survival and improve our lifestyle.
This chapter will describe the role of hydropower from past to present and potentially far into the future. Hydropower has been demonstrated to be a safe, reliable and renewable energy resource worldwide, essential to our electrical supply mix. Traditionally hydropower has made use of natural rivers, recently enhanced for pumped storage with adjacent secondary off channel reservoirs and since evolved to oceans with wave and tidal power.
Ceftobiprole activity against multidrug-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
clinical isolates collected in the United States from 2016 through 2022
Authors: Sader Helio S. , Smart Jennifer I. , Mendes Rodrigo E. , Castanheira Mariana 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Ceftobiprole was recently approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of adult patients with
Staphylococcus aureus
bacteremia, including right-side endocarditis, acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults and pediatrics. Ceftobiprole is an advanced-generation cephalosporin approved in many countries for the treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia, excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia. We evaluated the activities of ceftobiprole and comparators against methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
(MRSA) and multidrug-resistant (MDR)
S. aureus
clinical isolates. A total of 19,764
S
.
aureus
isolates were collected from patients with various infection types at 37 US medical centers from 2016 to 2022. Susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institutes (CLSI) standards. Isolates were categorized as MDR if they were nonsusceptible by CLSI criteria to ≥3 antimicrobials. Ceftobiprole was highly active against MRSA (
n
= 8,184; MIC
50/90
, 1/2 mg/L; 99.3% susceptible [S]) and MDR (
n
= 2,789; MIC
50/90
, 1/2 mg/L; 98.1%S) isolates and retained activity against 87.3% of ceftaroline-nonsusceptible isolates (
n
= 433; MIC
50/90
, 2/4 mg/L). Ceftobiprole demonstrated greater susceptibility rates than ceftaroline against all resistant subsets. Ceftobiprole was highly active against isolates nonsusceptible to clindamycin (98.0%S), daptomycin (100.0%S), doxycycline (98.2%S), erythromycin (99.5%S), gentamicin (98.1%S), levofloxacin (99.1%S), tetracycline (99.1%S), tigecycline (100.0%S), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (99.4%S) and isolates with decreased susceptibility to vancomycin (98.3%S).
Effect of tryptophan starvation on inclusion membrane composition and chlamydial-host interactions
Authors: Riffaud-Widner Camille M. , Widner Ray E. , Ouellette Scot P. , Rucks Elizabeth A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Chlamydia
is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that develops within a membrane-bound vacuole called an inclusion. Throughout its developmental cycle,
Chlamydia
modifies the inclusion membrane (IM) with type III secreted (T3S) membrane proteins, known as inclusion membrane proteins (Incs). Via the IM,
Chlamydia
manipulates the host cell to acquire lipids and nutrients necessary for its growth. One key nutrient is tryptophan (Trp). As a Trp auxotroph,
Chlamydia
is very sensitive to Trp starvation and, in response to low Trp levels induced by the immune response, enters a viable but nonreplicating state called persistence. To maintain viability during persistence,
Chlamydia
must necessarily maintain both the integrity of the IM and its ability to modify host cell responses, but how Trp starvation affects IM composition and subsequent interactions with the host cell remains poorly understood. We hypothesize that, under Trp starvation conditions, Inc expression/stability or T3S function during persistence alters IM composition but that key host-
Chlamydia
interactions will be preserved. To examine host-
Chlamydia
interactions during persistence, we examined sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and transferrin trafficking to the inclusion, as well as localization of host proteins that bind to specific Incs. We identified IM composition changes during persistence by monitoring endogenous Inc abundance at the IM. Chlamydial T3S is generally functional during persistence. Specific changes in Inc composition in the IM can be linked to Trp content of a specific Inc or effector-specific defects in chlamydial T3S. Overall, our findings reveal that critical host-
Chlamydia
interactions are maintained during persistence mediated by Trp starvation.
Prevalence of congenital heart defects in people with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Chen-Xi , Chen Lei , Cheng Yong , Du Yang 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHD) in Down syndrome (DS) varies considerably across studies (from 16% to 84%). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CHD in people with DS (CHD-DS).MethodsPubMed, Web of Science and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched through to 5 January 2023. English-language and Chinese-language articles reporting data on the prevalence of CHD in people with DS were included. Two independent observers performed data extraction and we used a random effects model for all statistical analyses by the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V.3.3.070 software.ResultsA pooled analysis, based on 102 studies that included 60 610 individuals, revealed the prevalence of CHD was 49.9% (95% CI: 46.8% to 53.0%) in people with DS. Most of the studies included in this meta-analysis were from North America, Europe and Asia, and subgroup analyses showed a slightly higher prevalence of CHD-DS in Asia (27 studies) compared with North America (28 studies) and Europe (35 studies) (Asia vs North America vs Europe; 54.2% vs 51.6% vs 46.2%).ConclusionThese results demonstrated that approximately one-half of people with DS had CHD, reinforcing the need to screen all newborns suspected of Down syndrome for CHD.
Quantifying the response of piled structures from displacements induced by pile installation in soft clay
Authors: Isaksson Jonatan , Karlsson Mats , Dijkstra Jelke 
Published: January 2025

The impact of pile installation in soft soils on its surroundings has been numerically investigated with a focus on the response of an existing piled structure. The originality is the parameterised 3D Finite Element Analyses of far-field soil-structure-interaction scenarios, <i>i.e.</i>, interactions that are largely driven by mass-displacements. A main finding is that the geometry, that includes the number and length of newly installed and existing piles, the distance between the two pile groups and also the distance to stiff boundaries in the system (in the field and in the numerical analysis), govern the problem to a large extent. Therefore, to simplify the analysis of such complex cases, modification factors for the displacements in greenfield conditions are proposed, to calculate the displacement and structural response of the existing structure. The proposed non-dimensional factors are a function of the length of the newly installed and existing piles and the distance between the two pile groups. No unique solution exists, hence a series of charts have been compiled to provide a first assessment of the impact of an existing piled structure on the induced displacements from the installation of a nearby group of displacement piles in soft soil.
Introducing Interactions in Multi-Objective Optimization of Software Architectures
Authors: Cortellessa Vittorio , Diaz-Pace J. Andres , Di Pompeo Daniele , Frank Sebastian , Jamshidi Pooyan , Tucci Michele , van Hoorn André 
Published: January 2025

Software architecture optimization aims to enhance non-functional attributes like performance and reliability while meeting functional requirements. Multi-objective optimization employs metaheuristic search techniques, such as genetic algorithms, to explore feasible architectural changes and propose alternatives to designers. However, this resource-intensive process may not always align with practical constraints.
This study investigates the impact of designer interactions on multi-objective software architecture optimization. Designers can intervene at intermediate points in the fully automated optimization process, making choices that guide exploration towards more desirable solutions. Through several controlled experiments as well as an initial user study (14 subjects), we compare this interactive approach with a fully automated optimization process, which serves as a baseline. The findings demonstrate that designer interactions lead to a more focused solution space, resulting in improved architectural quality. By directing the search towards regions of interest, the interaction uncovers architectures that remain unexplored in the fully automated process. In the user study, participants found that our interactive approach provides a better trade-off between sufficient exploration of the solution space and the required computation time.
Electrochemical Detection of Paracetamol in Real Samples Using Sensor Based on a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Citosan@SiO₂-APTES Composite: Synthesis, Characterization and Analytical Applications
Authors: dhaffouli afef , Ali Emna , Moussaoui Younes , HOLZINGER Michael , Salazar Pedro , CARINELLI Soledad , Barhoumi Houcine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Paracetamol (PA), commonly known as acetaminophen, is used for a variety of therapeutic applications. However, excessive or inappropriate use can lead to liver and kidney damage, emphasizing the importance of accurate measurement of its concentration in biological samples. In this study, we developed a rapid, simple, and highly sensitive voltammetric method using chemically-modified electrodes to detect PA in complex matrices such as human serum and commercial solid formulations. A glassy carbon electrode was modified with a chitosan-silica nanoparticle composite functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane groups (chitosan@SiO₂-APTES). The properties of the modified electrode and PA detection were analyzed using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Kinetic studies provided further insight into the electrochemical behavior of the electrode and improved its characterization. With this method, detection and quantification limits of only 0.025 µM were achieved under optimized conditions. Furthermore, it was found that the ideal linear concentration range for PA detection is between 0.025 and 0.5 µM and between 0.5 and 2.5 µM. Thus, this approach is ideal for the accurate quantification of PA in reference tablet formulations and for the analysis of real samples for validation purposes.
Perspective—Metal Halide Perovskites-based Sensing Technologies: Recent Updates and Future Directions
Authors: Gupta Khushboo , Kumar Manish , Singh Dharm Veer , Chaudhary Vishal , Kumar Arvind , Dwivedi D.K. , Kumar Santosh , Kumar Rajesh , Thakur O. P. , Sharma subhash 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recently, metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) have become an epicenter of research because of their outstanding optoelectronic properties. MHPs have not only proved to be the best materials for sensing applications due to their unique optical and electronic properties along with easy fabrication, they also display good sensing ability, including ultrahigh sensitivities, rapid response rate, and outstanding selectivity. To keep the research community informed, we critically focused on the recent updates in the MHPs-based sensor, followed by highlighting the synthesis route and their potential while addressing important challenges and future outlooks and unlocking their capabilities in sensing technologies.
Atherogenic Index of Plasma and High‐Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein Levels Among People Living With HIV on Dolutegravir and Ritonavir‐Boosted Atazanavir‐Based Antiretroviral Therapy and Their Correlations to CD4 Cell Counts
Authors: Waritu Nuredin Chura , Usure Rashed Edris , Adema Bulcha Guye , Wakeyo Mamud Umer , Jemal Mohammed 
Published: January 2025

Background: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) levels which are strong predictors of the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) seen elevated in the serum of people living with HIV (PLWH) on HAART and in those with low cluster of differentiation‐4 (CD4) cell counts. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate AIP and hsCRP levels among PLWH on dolutegravir (DTG) and ritonavir‐boosted atazanavir‐based (ATV/r) antiretroviral therapy (ART) and their correlations to CD4 cell counts.Methods: The study design was an institutional‐based comparative cross‐sectional study conducted from November 4, 2021, to January 4, 2022. The total sample size was 172 with equal number of DTG and ritonavir‐boosted atazanavir‐treated PLWH. Participants were recruited by a consecutive sampling method. The data were entered into EpiData Version 4.6, then exported to SPSS Version 25.0, and analyzed using Chi‐square, Student’s t‐test, and Pearson correlation. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: AIP was significantly higher among individuals on ATV/r, with levels in the range of 0.1–0.24 at 44.2% and > 0.24 at 31.4%, compared with those on DTG‐based regimens of ART, which showed levels of 39.5% and 9.3%, respectively. Similarly, the higher hsCRP level of ≥ 2 mg/L was observed among patients on ATV/r (44.2%) than in DTG‐based (24.4%) regimens of ART. AIP and hsCRP were negatively correlated with CD4 cell counts with Pearson correlation coefficients of −0.46 and −0.38, respectively.Conclusion: From the study conducted, it can be concluded that the higher levels of AIP and hsCRP were seen in patients treated by ATV/r than in DTG‐based regimens of ART and in PLWH with low CD4 cell counts. Therefore, routine monitoring of both AIP and hsCRP levels was a good marker of HIV disease progression and cardiovascular disease risk assessment in PLWH, particularly in developing countries where CD4 cell count testing is expensive and not easily available.
Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential as a Predictor of Colorectal Cancer Risk: Insights from the UK Biobank Cohort
Authors: Liu Yongfeng , Xi Zhihui , Zhou Jianlong , Ling Fa , Zhang Yucheng , Xie Huajie , Zheng Jiabin , Xia Baijin , Feng Huolun , Li Yong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) has been shown to be associated with the occurrence of solid tumors, but its relationship with colorectal cancer still needs to be studied.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective matched case–control study using data from the UK Biobank, including 5,310 incident colorectal cancer cases and 26,550 controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index.

Results:
Analysis of the UK Biobank data revealed that the presence of CHIP was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. The odds ratio (OR) for colorectal cancer in the presence of CHIP was 1.20 (P = 0.006). This association remained significant even after excluding participants with a family history of bowel cancer (multivariate OR, 1.19; P = 0.007). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that CHIP independently increased the risk of colorectal cancer in females (multivariate OR, 1.25; P = 0.018) and in individuals older than 60 years (multivariate OR, 1.17; P = 0.046). Gene-specific analyses revealed that mutations in TET2 and ATM were particularly significant in relation to colorectal cancer risk, with an OR of 1.62 (P = 0.002) for TET2 and 2.98 (P &lt; 0.001) for ATM.

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate that CHIP is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, particularly in individuals more than 60 years of age or in females.

Impact:
Screening for CHIP in the population may improve the early detection and diagnosis rates of colorectal cancer.