bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous removal of four aflatoxins using magnetic nanobentonite as a green and fast sorbent; Kinetic,termodynamic and isotherm investigation
Authors: Shahinfar Marjan , Moghaddas Naser Hafezi , Lashkaripour Gholam Reza , Fottovat Amir 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the study, an adsorptive removal strategy as a straightforward and fast procedure was developed to remove four aflatoxins, including aflatoxin B1 (AF-B1), aflatoxin B2 (AF-B2), aflatoxin G1 (AF-G1), and aflatoxin G2 (AF-G2). A simple and green sorbent consisting of two components (activated nanobentonite and Fe3O4 nanoparticles) was synthesized based on three steps using acidic treatment, ultrasonic procedure, and chemical precipitation method. The sorbent was characterized by several techniques such as FTIR, FESEM, TEM, XRD and VSM to determine the sorbent structure and morphology. An experimental design based on a central composite design was utilized to optimize factors in the removal of AFs. The optimum values of the factors (pH, sorbent amount, shaking rate) was 6.8, 0.076 g and 160 rpm, respectively. Three models, including pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models, were used to investigate the kinetics of the removal process. The removal of AFs using magnetic nanobentonite was fitted with the pseudo-second-order model better than other models with an equilibrium time lower than 30 min. the thermodynamic data show that the adsorption of AFs on the sorbent is a spontaneous and feasible process due to negative values of the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) at different temperatures. Two models (Langmuir and Freundlich models) were chosen to study the isotherm of the removal procedure, indicating that the Freundlich model describes the results better than the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity of the sorbent for removing AF-B1, AF-B2, AF-G1, and AF-G2 are 357.14, 400.0, 370.37, and 400.0 mg g− 1, respectively. The sorbent reusability was also evaluated to study the sorbent's ability for the removal of AFs, indicating that the sorbent was used for 5 cycles without a significant reduction in the ability to remove AFs.
GPR30 Agonist G1 Combined with Hypothermia Alleviates Cognitive Impairment and Anxiety-like Behavior after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats
Authors: Peng Jun , He Yang , He Jun , Zhang Ji-kun , Xia Ying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the treatment effect of G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) agonist G1 combined with hypothermia (HT) on the cognitive impairment and anxiety-like behavior after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats. Fifty male rats were randomly assigned to one of five groups: Sham group, SAH group, SAH+G1 group, SAH+HT group and SAH+G1+HT group. SAH rat model was established by modified endovascular puncture in all groups except the Sham group. Neurological function after operation was assessed by Garcia scoring. The degree of rat cerebral edema was determined using dry-wet weighing method 48h after operation. Moreover, the behavioral test was performed on rats on the 4th and 28th day after operation. Compared with Sham group, Garcia score of each SAH rat model group decreased significantly on the 1st day and thereafter increased gradually. However, the recovery rate of each treatment group was higher than the SAH group (no treatment), and Garcia score of SAH+G1+HT group was much higher than the SAH group on the 7th day after operation. In addition, each treatment group could obviously reduce the cerebral edema degree of SAH rats, among which rats in SAH+G1+HT group had lower cerebral edema degree than SAH+G1 group and SAH+HT group. Behavioral test results showed that the combination of GPR30 agonist G1 and hypothermia markedly improved the learning and memory ability of SAH rats, alleviated their anxiety- and emotion-related behavior and enhanced their social interaction. GPR30 agonist G1 combined with hypothermia reduces the cognitive impairment and anxiety-like behavior in rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Beijing Children's Hospital guidelines on the design and conduction of the first standardized database for medulloblastoma
Authors: Yang Wei , Ma Wenping , Huang Jiansong , Cai Yingjie , Peng Xiaojiao , Zhao Fengmao , Zhang Di , Zou Zhewei , Sun Hailang , Qi Xiang , Ge Ming 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common malignant childhood brain tumors (WHO grade IV). Its high degree of malignancy leads to an unsatisfactory prognosis, requiring more precise and personalized treatment in the near future. Multi-omics and artificial intelligence have been playing a significant role in precise medical research, but their implementation needs a large amount of clinical information and biomaterials. For these reasons, it is urgent for current MB researchers to establish a large sample-size database of MB that contains complete clinical data and sufficient biomaterials such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), cancer tissue, and urine. Unfortunately, there are few biobanks of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors throughout the world for limited specimens, scarce funds, different standards collecting methods and et cl. Even though, China falls behind western countries in this area. The present research set up a standard workflow to construct the Beijing Children’s Hospital Medulloblastoma (BCH-MB) biobank. Clinical data from children with MB and for collecting and storing biomaterials, along with regular follow-up has been collected and recorded in this database. In the future, the BCH-MB biobank could make it possible to validate the promising biomarkers already identified, discover unrevealed MB biomarkers, develop novel therapies, and establish personalized prognostic models for children with MB upon the support of its sufficient data and biomaterials, laying the foundation for individualized therapies of children with MB.
Type of forage influences the timing of reproduction in the edible dormouse
Authors: Vekhnik Victoria A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

In the communities with periodic pulses of food availability relationship of time frames of resource peaks and reproduction of consumers has essential importance for survival of posterity. Mammals can adapt to periodicity using abiotic and biotic cues in ecosystems. In some cases, they can give birth to juveniles long before the maximal food availability, providing best conditions for juveniles instead of mature females. The species which can cope with masting periods in temperate broad-leaved forests through different reproductive mechanisms is the edible dormouse. The nature of such anticipation in oak-dominated forests was explored. In years of complete absence of acorns, dormice reproduced in anticipation of a substitute forage, hazel nuts. Births of juveniles occurred even earlier than in years of oak masting. Differences in litter size were not found. Such an exact tracking of food availability at early stage of maturation shows that the “prediction” of future food supply in the edible dormouse is the dependence of natal rate from minimal amount of necessary nutrients, being energetic trigger of successful reproduction or complete resorption of embryos. It was indirectly confirmed by the analysis of amino acids contained in both forages and a laboratory experiment. The synchronization of seeds ripening and growth of posterity provides the maximal food abundance at the dissolution of litters when juveniles are most vulnerable. This strategy allows the species to survive long hibernation and reach a high longevity.
Enhancement of Tensile, Thermal and Barrier Properties of Polyphenylene Sulfide/Carboxylated Graphene Antibacterial Nanocomposites
Authors: Qu Chang-Lei , Yuan Li , Yao Wei-Hua , Gao Chen , Wu Jintian , Gao Kai , Lei Jialu , Tsou Chi Hui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Carboxylated graphene (CG) with functional group was blended with polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), CG enhanced the tensile, thermal properties, crystallinity and barrier performance of PPS. Through tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, evaluation of S. aureus inhibition, and barrier performance, the properties of pure PPS and PPS/CG nanocomposites were characterized and compared. The results showed that CG acted a role in heterogeneous nucleation and reinforcement. When the concentration of CG was 0.2%, the tensile strength, elongation at break, thermostability, crystallinity and water vapor permeability coefficients (WVPC) approached maximum values, and the microscopic morphology changed from the original brittle fracture to a relatively tough fracture. Compared with pure PPS, when CG was added to PPS at 0.2%, the tensile strength, elongation at break and WVPC of PPS were significantly increased by 23.9%, 17.2%, and 18.3% respectively. This improvement in barrier performance might be attributed to two reasons: (1) The presence of CG extended the penetration path of molecules; (2) The hydrogen bond from PPS matrix and CG nanofiller, so as to narrow the H2O transmission path. CG endows nanocomposites with antibacterial properties.
Phenotypic consequences of a nanophthalmos-associated TMEM98 variant in human and mouse
Authors: Hassall Mark M , Javadiyan Shari , Klebe Sonja , Awadalla Mona S , Sharma Shiwani , Qassim Ayub , White Melissa , Thomas Paul Q , Craig Jamie E , Siggs Owen M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Nanophthalmos is characterised by shorter posterior and anterior segments of the eye, with a predisposition towards high hyperopia and primary angle-closure glaucoma. Variants in TMEM98 have been associated with autosomal dominant nanophthalmos in multiple kindreds, but definitive evidence for causation has been limited. Here we used CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis to recreate the human nanophthalmos-associated TMEM98 p.Ala193Pro (A193P) variant in mice. The A193P variant was associated with ocular phenotypes in both mice and humans, with dominant inheritance in humans and recessive inheritance in mice. Unlike their human counterparts, A193P homozygous mutant mice had normal axial length, normal intraocular pressure, and structurally normal scleral collagen. However, in both homozygous mice and heterozygous humans, the A193P variant was associated with discrete white spots throughout the retinal fundus, with corresponding retinal folds on histology. This direct comparison of a TMEM98 variant in mouse and human suggests that certain nanophthalmos-associated phenotypes are not only a consequence of a smaller eye, but that TMEM98 may itself play a primary role in retinal and scleral structure and integrity.
ΔNp63α promotes cigarette smoke-induced renal cancer stem cell activity via the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhao Yuxiang , Ma Nannan , Wu Wanngyu , Wu Ying , Zhang Wenbo , Qian Weiwei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Cigarette smoke (CS) has been generally recognized as a chief carcinogenic factor in kidney cancer. Previous studies have demonstrated the stimulative effect of smoking on renal cancer stem cells (RCSCs); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The induction of cancer stem cells (CSCs)by CS represents an early event in tumor initiation. Renal cancer-related gene ΔNp63α is highly expressed in renal epithelial tissues and contributes to the RCSCs characteristics of tumors. In this study, we investigated the role of ΔNp63α on the activity of RCSCs induced by CS and the regulation on the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway.
Methods: Western blot and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the expression levels of ΔNp63α and RCSCs markers in renal cell carcinoma tissues. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the activity of RCSCs in different concentrations of cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Tumor sphere formation assay, Western blot, RT-PCR, and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) were utilized to analyze the effect of ΔNp63α on the activity of RCSCs induced by CS and the activation of the SHH signaling pathway. Furthermore, the effects of tumor sphere formation and CS on the expression levels of ΔNp63α and RCSCs markers were examined in vivo by nude mouse tumor formation assay.
Results: In renal cancer tissues, ΔNp63α and RCSCs markers in smokers expressed higher than that in non-smokers. RCSCs were effectively enriched by tumor sphere formation assay in vitro and in vivo. Besides, CS increased the expression of RCSCs markers and the capability of sphere-forming in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, CS activated the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway, and the specialized inhibitor alleviated the promotion of CS on RCSCs. ΔNp63α activates SHH signaling pathway and promotes CS-induced enhancement of RCSCs activity.
Conclusions: ΔNp63α positively regulates the activity of CS-induced RCSCs via SHH signaling pathway.
Clinical Outcomes and Safety of Anakinra in the Treatment of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: a Single Center Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Dizon Brian L.P. , Redmond Christopher , Gotschlich Emily C. , Sule Sangeeta , Ronis Tova , Vazzana Kathleen M. , Sherman Matthew A. , Connor Rachael , Bosk Abigail , Dham Niti , Harahsheh Ashraf S. , Wells Elizabeth , DeBiasi Roberta , Srinivas Hemalatha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background and objective:
Evidence for the treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is lacking. Anakinra, which targets IL-1-mediated inflammation, is reserved for refractory cases of MIS-C; however, its use in the treatment of MIS-C is not clearly established.
Patients and Methods:
To examine a role for anakinra in MIS-C, we performed a single center prospective observational cohort study of all MIS-C patients diagnosed at our children’s hospital from May 15 to November 15, 2020. Demographics, clinical features, diagnostic testing, and cardiac function parameters were compared between MIS-C patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) monotherapy and IVIG with anakinra (IVIG+anakinra).
Results:
Among 46 patients with confirmed MIS-C, 32 (70%) were in the IVIG+anakinra group, of which 9 of these patients (28%) were also given corticosteroids (CS). No patients were treated with anakinra alone. MIS-C patients in the IVIG+anakinra group were enriched in a CV shock phenotype (p=0.02), and those with CV shock were treated with higher doses of anakinra for a longer duration. Furthermore, MIS-C patients in the IVIG+anakinra group exhibited improvements in fever and cardiac function with and without CS. No significant adverse events were observed, and no differences in IL-1β levels were found among MIS-C patients in the IVIG+anakinra group.
Conclusions:
Anakinra treatment, which was co-administered with IVIG and primarily in patients with severe MIS-C, was associated with improvements in fever and cardiac function, and demonstrated a favorable side-effect profile. These findings suggest a role for adjunctive anakinra in the treatment of MIS-C.
Stabilization and racetrack application of asymmetric Néel skyrmions in hybrid nanostructures
Authors: Zelent Mateusz , Moalic Mathieu , Mruczkiewicz Michał , Li Xiaoguang , Zhou Yan , Krawczyk Maciej 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions, topological quasiparticles, are small stable magnetic textures that possess intriguing properties and potential for data storage applications. Hybrid nanostructures comprised of skyrmions and soft magnetic material can offer additional advantages for developing skyrmion-based spintronic and magnonic devices. We show that a Néel-type skyrmion confined within a nanodot placed on top of a ferromagnetic in-plane magnetized stripe produces a unique and compelling platform for exploring the mutual coupling between magnetization textures. The skyrmion induces an imprint upon the stripe, which, in turn, asymmetrically squeezes the skyrmion in the dot, increasing their size and the range of skyrmion stability at small values of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, as well as introducing skyrmion bi-stability. Finally, by utilizing the properties of the skyrmion in a hybrid system, we demonstrate free from the Hall effect and unlimited skyrmion transport along the racetrack.
The First Molecular Evidence of Toxoplasma gondii in the brain tissue of rats, Gaza, Palestine
Authors: Al-Hindi Adnan. I. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

BackgroundToxoplasma gondiiis the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, its associated disease, which has significant economic, veterinary and medical importance. To determine the prevalence ofT. gondiiinfection in the brin tissues rats trapped from local markets in Gaza, Palestine using nested-PCR assay.MethodsA total of 132 black rats (Rattus rattus) were analyzed. We used Polymerase Chain Reaction (nested-PCR). The present study showed that 86 out of 132 (65.2%) and 36 (27.3%) of the trapped rats were infected withT. gondiiusing B1 and SAG1 genes respectively.ResultsThe results showed that males have higher infection withT. gondiithan females with a significant difference (P=0.02) when using B1 gene. In both B1 gene and SAG1 gene there was shared positive for 30 samples (22.7%).ConclusionsThis finding indicated thatRattus rattuswhich is dominant in Gaza Strip could be a potential source ofT. gondiifor stray cats in the local markets and disseminating infection to the other parts of Gaza Strip. We recommend that Gaza municipality should take serious measures towards minimizing the number of roaming cats in the local markets of Gaza and other governorates, and changing policy towards the current site of Feras market.
Unmet needs of Australians in endometriosis research: a qualitative study of research priorities, drivers and barriers to participation
Authors: Giese Nora , Gilbert Emilee , Hawkey Alexandra , Armour Mike 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:Endometriosis causes significant personal and societal burden. Despite this, research funding lags behind other chronic conditions and therefore determining where to prioritise these limited funds is vital. Research priorities may differ between affected individuals and clinicians/researchers. The aim of this research project is to explore research priorities and determinants of endometriosis research from the perspective of people with endometriosis in Australia.
Methods: Four focus groups involving 30 people with endometriosis were conducted and analysed using qualitative inductive content analysis.
Results: Two categories were developed from the data: unmet research needs and motivators and barriers to participation in endometriosis research.
Participants expressed interest in developing non-invasive diagnostic tools and a more multidisciplinary or holistic approach to treatment. Participants urgently wanted research on treatment options for symptom management, with many prioritising non-hormonal treatments including medicinal cannabis and complementary medicine. Others prioritised research on causes of endometriosis to assist with prevention and eventual cure of the disease over research on treatments.
The main drivers for participating in endometriosis research were hope for symptom improvement and a reduction in time to diagnosis. Research design features that were important included the ability to easily access testing centres (e.g. for blood tests) and copies of test results, as were automated data collection reminders and easy data entry to record measurements. Research incentives for younger endometriosis patients and a broad dissemination of information about research projects was considered likely to increase participant numbers. Barriers included time commitments, a lack of flexibility around research appointments for data collection, travel or work commitments, concerns about the safety of some products, and trying to conceive.
Conclusions: People with endometriosis were open to participating in research they felt aligned with their needs, with a significant focus on diagnostic tools and symptom relief. However, researchers must co-design approaches to ensure convenience and flexibility for research participation.
Renal and bone side effects of Entecavir, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, tenofovir alafenamide fumarate in patients with hepatitis B: a network meta- analysis
Authors: Liu Zekun , Zhao Zhenzhen , Ma Xuefeng , Liu Shousheng , Xin Yongning 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
As the first-line treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection, the long-term effects of nucleoside analogues on kidney and bone tissue damage need to be further investigated.
Methods
Two investigators independently searched for relevant randomized controlled trials. We included all randomized controlled trials of nucleoside analogues in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B through November 2021. A random effects model was constructed on our data using stata15 software, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) were reported for each outcome. The side effects of the three drugs were compared.
Results
This study eventually included 17 studies involving 4278 adults with chronic hepatitis B. Entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) had less effect on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) (SMD= 3.60, 95%Cl: 1.94~5.26) and (SMD=4.27, 95%Cl :2.62~5.93). ETV had less effect on creatinine rise than TAF and TDF, SMD=0.55(95%Cl:0.09~1.01), SMD=0.61(95% Cl:0.15~1.06). The effect of TAF on bone mineral density(BMD) was less than that of TDF, with SMD=0.02 (95%Cl: 0.01~0.02). The probability of three drugs reducing relevant indicators is, eGFR: TDF(100.0%)＞ETV(41.2%)＞TAF(8.8%); BMD:TDF (79.7%)＞ETV (50.6%)＞TAF(19.6%); blood phosphorus: TDF (90.6%)＞TAF(49.8%)＞ETV(9.7%). The probability of three drugs to increase creatinine in the order: TDF (94.7%)＞TAF (54.7%) ＞ETV (0.6%).
Conclusions
TDF has shown stronger side effects than TAF and ETV in both renal function and bone tissue.