bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolating factors for the prediction of rebound after guided growth with tension band plating for the valgus deformity of the knee
Authors: Eberle Alexander , Stephan Anika , Tedeus Matthias P , Manner Hans M , Rüdiger Hannes A , Stadelmann Vincent A 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The conditions leading to growth rebound after hemiepiphysiodesis are still poorly understood. This article analyzes the radiographical outcomes after guided growth with tension band plating, using plates in idiopathic genu valgum patients and attempts to generate a predictive model of growth rebound. Methods: Patients with idiopathic genu valgum deformity who received tension band plating were selected for evaluation. We only analyzed coronal plane deformities. Only patients with a long-standing X-ray before tension band plating surgery, a long-standing X-ray at tension band plating removal, and a long-standing X-ray at the latest follow-up after tension band plating removal were considered for this study. The change of mechanical axis deviation between the tension band plating removal and the last follow-up was evaluated for rebound, and ordinal logistic regression was performed to determine the relevant variables for predictive modeling rebound growth. Results: Overall, 100 patients (189 legs) were analyzed. The mean mechanical axis deviation at tension band plating removal was 8.4 mm in varus direction, and the mean mechanical axis deviation at the last follow-up was −3.4 mm (p ≤ 0.001). However, 111 legs (59%) showed rebound growth, 57 (30%) stayed stable, and 21 (11%) showed a continuous correction. Six significant factors significantly influencing rebound were isolated which are clinically relevant: sex, age, baseline mechanical axis deviation, mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, and mechanical medial proximal tibial angle, and mechanical axis deviation correction rate. Mechanical axis deviation correction rate had the highest odds ratios. The machine learning classification model for predicting rebound growth built from the study data showed a misclassification rate of 39%. Conclusion: There was a high rate of rebound growth in this cohort, especially for patients at a young age at implantation. The highest risk factors for rebound growth were male sex, and high correction rates, such as found during peak growth spurt. The proposed classification model needs more data to improve its predictive power before it can be used in clinics. Level of evidence: Level III.
Energy-Saving and Punctuality Combined Velocity Planning for the Autonomous-Rail Rapid Tram with Enhanced Pseudospectral Method
Authors: Wang Jinxiang , Han Dongming , Yan Yongjun , Liu Neng , Sun Ning , Yin Guodong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAutonomous-rail rapid transit (ART) is a new medium-capacity rapid transportation system with punctuality, comfort and convenience, but low-cost construction. Combined velocity planning is a critical approach to meet the requirements of energy-saving and punctuality. An ART velocity pre-planning and re-planning strategy based on the combination of punctuality dynamic programming (PDP) and pseudospectral (PS) method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the longitudinal dynamics model of ART is established by a multi-particle model. Secondly, the PDP algorithm with global optimal characteristics is adopted as the pre-planning strategy. A model for determining the number of collocation points of the real-time PS method is proposed to improve the energy-saving effect while ensuring computation efficiency. Then the enhanced PS method is utilized to design the velocity re-planning strategy. Finally, simulations are conducted in the typical scenario with sloping roads, traffic lights, and intrusion of the pedestrian. The simulation results indicate that the ART with the proposed velocity trajectory optimization strategy can meet the punctuality requirement, and obtain better economy efficiency compared with the punctuality green light optimal speed advisory (PGLOSA).
Exploring Co-occurrence patterns and microbial diversity in the lung microbiome of patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Najafi Sadaf , Jamalkandi Sadegh Azimzadeh , Najafi Ali , Salimian Jafar , Ahmadi Ali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
It has been demonstrated in the literature that a dysbiotic microbiome could have a negative impact on the host immune system and promote disease onset or exacerbation. Co-occurrence networks have been widely adopted to identify biomarkers and keystone taxa in the pathogenesis of microbiome-related diseases. Despite the promising results that network-driven approaches have led to in various human diseases, there is a dearth of research pertaining to key taxa that contribute to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Therefore, our primary goal in this study is to explore co-existing relationships among members of the lung microbial community and any potential gained or lost interactions in lung cancer.

Results
Using integrative and network-based approaches, we integrated four studies assessing the microbiome of lung biopsies of cancer patients. Differential abundance analyses showed that several bacterial taxa are different between tumor and tumor-adjacent normal tissues (FDR adjusted p-value < 0.05). Four, fifteen, and twelve significantly different associations were found at phylum, family, and genus levels. Diversity analyses suggested reduced alpha diversity in the tumor microbiome. However, beta diversity analysis did not show any discernible pattern between groups. In addition, four distinct modules of bacterial families were detected by the DBSCAN clustering method. Finally, in the co-occurrence network context, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi at the phylum level and Bifidobacterium, Massilia, Sphingobacterium, and Ochrobactrum at the genus level showed the highest degree of rewiring.

Conclusions
Despite the absence of statistically significant differences in the relative abundance of certain taxa between groups, it is imperative not to overlook them for further exploration. This is because they may hold pivotal central roles in the broader network of bacterial taxa (e.g., Bifidobacterium and Massilia). These findings emphasize the importance of a network analysis approach for studying the lung microbiome since it could facilitate identifying key microbial taxa in lung cancer pathogenesis. Relying exclusively on differentially abundant taxa may not be enough to fully grasp the complex interplay between lung cancer and the microbiome. Therefore, a network-based approach can offer deeper insights and a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
The role of effort-reward imbalance and depressive symptoms in the relationship between long working hours and presenteeism among Chinese village doctors: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Ji Jingya , Han Yarong , Li Ruyu , Jin Hui , Yin Chengjie , Niu Luyao , Ying Xinyu , Gao Yuexia , Ma Qiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Long working hours and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) among medical workers may contribute to poor mental health and reduced productivity. However, the potential mechanisms among them are not well understood. This study aimed to explore the role of depressive symptoms and ERI in the relationship between long working hours and presenteeism among village doctors.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study in Jiangsu Province, eastern China. 705 village doctors were assessed for working hours, ERI (the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, ERI questionnaire), presenteeism (6-item Stanford Presenteeism Scale, SPS-6 Scale), and depressive symptoms (12-item General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12). A moderated mediation model was used to test the role of depressive symptoms (M), and ERI (W) in the relationship between long working hours (X) and presenteeism (Y).

Results
45.11% of the village doctors worked more than 55 h per week, and 55.89% were exposed to ERI. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese village doctors was 40.85%. Long working hours (≥ 55 h per week) were significantly associated with presenteeism behaviors (β = 2.17, P < 0.001). Mediation analysis demonstrated that depressive symptoms (GHQ score > 3) could partly mediate the relationship between long working hours and presenteeism (indirect effect β = 0.64, P < 0.001). Moderated mediation further indicated that the interaction of long working hours and ERI was significantly and positively associated with depressive symptoms, which in turn predicted elevated presenteeism behaviors.

Conclusions
Depressive symptoms had a mediating role in the association of long working hours with presenteeism behaviors among Chinese village doctors and ERI augment their negative effects.
Preparation and characterization of propolis reinforced eggshell membrane/ GelMA composite hydrogel for biomedical applications
Authors: Asadi Nahideh , Sadeghzadeh Hadi , Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh Azizeh , Nezami Asl Amir , Dadashpour Mehdi , Karimi Hajishoreh Negar , Kaamyabi Sharif , Akbarzadeh Abolfazl 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGelatin methacrylate-based hydrogels (GelMA) were widely used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, to manipulate their various chemical and physical properties and create high-efficiency hydrogels, different materials have been used in their structure. Eggshell membrane (ESM) and propolis are two nature-derived materials that could be used to improve the various characteristics of hydrogels, especially structural and biological properties. Hence, the main purpose of this study is the development of a new type of GelMA hydrogel containing ESM and propolis, for use in regenerative medicine. In this regard, in this study, after synthesizing GelMA, the fragmented ESM fibers were added to it and the GM/EMF hydrogel was made using a photoinitiator and visible light irradiation. Finally, GM/EMF/P hydrogels were prepared by incubating GM/EMF hydrogels in the propolis solution for 24 h. After various structural, chemical, and biological characterizations, it was found that the hydrogels obtained in this study offer improved morphological, hydrophilic, thermal, mechanical, and biological properties. The developed GM/EMF/P hydrogel presented more porosity with smaller and interconnected pores compared to the other hydrogels. GM/EMF hydrogels due to possessing EMF showed compressive strength up to 25.95 ± 1.69 KPa, which is more than the compressive strength provided by GM hydrogels (24.550 ± 4.3 KPa). Also, GM/EMF/P hydrogel offered the best compressive strength (44.65 ± 3.48) due to the presence of both EMF and propolis. GM scaffold with a contact angle of about 65.41 ± 2.199 θ showed more hydrophobicity compared to GM/EMF (28.67 ± 1.58 θ), and GM/EMF/P (26.24 ± 0.73 θ) hydrogels. Also, the higher swelling percentage of GM/EMF/P hydrogels (343.197 ± 42.79) indicated the high capacity of this hydrogel to retain more water than other scaffolds. Regarding the biocompatibility of the fabricated structures, MTT assay results showed that GM/EMF/P hydrogel significantly (p-value < 0.05) supported cell viability. Based on the results, it seems that GM/EMF/P hydrogel could be a promising biomaterial candidate for use in various fields of regenerative medicine.
Assessing the relationship between low-calorie sweetener use and quality of life measures in adults with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Akturk Halis K , Snell-Bergeon Janet , Karakus Kagan E , Shah Viral N 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate use of low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) among adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its impact on quality of life (QOL).

Methods
In this single center, cross-sectional survey study with 532 adults with T1D, Food related QOL (FRQOL), LCS specific questionnaire (LCSSQ), Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), Audit of Diabetes-Dependent QOL (AddQOL), Type 1 Diabetes and Life (T1DAL) questionnaires were administered through RedCAP, a secure, HIPAA-compliant web-based application. Demographics and scores of adults who used LCS in last month (recent users) and others (non-users) were compared. Results were adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration and other parameters.

Results
Of 532 participants (mean age 36 ± 13, 69% female), 99% heard LCS before, 68% used them in the last month, 73% reported better glucose control with LCS use and 63% reported no health concerns about LCS use. Recent LCS users were older and had a longer diabetes duration and more complications (hypertension, or any complication) than non-users. However, A1c, AddQOL, T1DAL, FRQOL scores did not differ significantly between recent LCS users and non-users. DSMQ scores, DSMQ management, diet, health care scores did not differ between two groups; however, recent LCS users had lower physical activity score than non-users (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Most of the adults with T1D have used LCS and perceived that LCS use improved their QOL and glycemic control; however, these were not verified with questionnaires. There was no difference in QOL questionnaires except DSMQ physical activity between recent LCS users and not users with T1D. However, more patients in need to increase their QOL may be using LCS; therefore, associations between the exposure and outcome can be bi-directional.
Gastric cancer with distinct Epstein–Barr virus-positive and -negative tumor components and their whole exome sequencing result: a case Report
Authors: Park Ki Bum , Seo An Na , Kim Moonsik 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer exhibits distinct clinicopathologic characteristics, showing a good response to immune checkpoint inhibitors and a favorable prognosis. However, gastric cancer comprising distinct EBV-positive and -negative components in a single mass have been rarely reported, and their detailed genetic characteristics have not yet been investigated. Therefore, we reported the case of gastric cancer exhibiting distinct EBV-positive and -negative areas and further investigated its genetic characteristics.

Case presentations
A 70-year-old man underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer, which was detected during a routine health check-up. EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization revealed distinct EBV-positive and -negative components at each other’s borders, morphologically consistent with collision tumor. We separately sequenced EBV-positive and -negative tumor areas through whole exome sequencing (WES) with matched normal tissue. Remarkably, both EBV-positive and -negative areas shared pathogenic mutations of ARID1A, KCNJ2, and RRAS2. Furthermore, they shared 92 somatic single nucleotide variants and small insertion or deletion mutations, of which 32.7% and 24.5% are EBV-positive and -negative tumor components, respectively.

Conclusions
WES results suggested that gastric cancer with distinct EBV-positive and -negative tumor components, formerly categorized as a collision tumor, can be clonally related. EBV-negative tumor component might be associated with loss of EBV during tumor progression.
Adaptive ecological knowledge among the Ndjuka Maroons of French Guiana; a case study of two ‘invasive species’: Melaleuca quinquenervia and Acacia mangium
Authors: Theys Johanna , Tareau Marc-Alexandre , Ansoe-Tareau Clarisse , Greene Alexander , Palisse Marianne , Ricardou Alizée , Odonne Guillaume 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo understand how local ecological knowledge changes and adapts, here in the case of the recent introduction of plant species, we report the knowledge and perceptions of the Ndjuka (Maroon) of French Guiana concerning two tree species,Acacia mangiumandniaouli(Melaleuca quinquenervia), which are categorized as “invasive alien plants” in the savannas of their territory.MethodsTo this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted between April and July 2022, using a pre-designed questionnaire, plant samples and photographs. The uses, local ecological knowledge, and representations of these species were surveyed among populations of Maroon origin in western French Guiana. All responses to closed questions collected during the field survey were compiled into an Excel spreadsheet in order to perform quantitative analyses, including the calculation of use reports (URs).ResultsIt appears that the local populations have integrated these two plant species, which are named, used and even traded, into their knowledge systems. On the other hand, neither foreignness nor invasiveness seem to be relevant concepts in the perspective of the informants. The usefulness of these plants is the determining factor of their integration into the Ndjuka medicinal flora, thus resulting in the adaptation of their local ecological knowledge.ConclusionIn addition to highlighting the need for the integration of the discourse of local stakeholders into the management of "invasive alien species,” this study also allows us to observe the forms of adaptation that are set in motion by the arrival of a new species, particularly within populations that are themselves the result of recent migrations. Our results furthermore indicate that such adaptations of local ecological knowledge can occur very quickly.
Expression and possible functions of a horizontally transferred glycosyl hydrolase gene, GH6-1, in Ciona embryogenesis
Authors: Li Kun-Lung , Nakashima Keisuke , Hisata Kanako , Satoh Noriyuki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The Tunicata or Urochordata is the only animal group with the ability to synthesize cellulose directly and cellulose is a component of the tunic that covers the entire tunicate body. The genome of Ciona intestinalis type A contains a cellulose synthase gene, CesA, that it acquired via an ancient, horizontal gene transfer. CesA is expressed in embryonic epidermal cells and functions in cellulose production. Ciona CesA is composed of both a glycosyltransferase domain, GT2, and a glycosyl hydrolase domain, GH6, which shows a mutation at a key position and seems functionless. Interestingly, the Ciona genome contains a glycosyl hydrolase gene, GH6-1, in which the GH6 domain seems intact. This suggests expression and possible functions of GH6-1 during Ciona embryogenesis. Is GH6-1 expressed during embryogenesis? If so, in what tissues is the gene expressed? Does GH6-1 serve a function? If so, what is it? Answers to these questions may advance our understanding of evolution of this unique animal group.

Results
Quantitative reverse transcription PCR and in situ hybridization revealed that GH6-1 is expressed in epidermis of tailbud embryos and in early swimming larvae, a pattern similar to that of CesA. Expression is downregulated at later stages and becomes undetectable in metamorphosed juveniles. The GH6-1 expression level is higher in the anterior-trunk region and caudal-tip regions of late embryos. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the late tailbud stage showed that cells of three clusters with epidermal identity express GH6-1, and that some of them co-express CesA. TALEN-mediated genome editing was used to generate GH6-1 knockout Ciona larvae. Around half of TALEN-electroporated larvae showed abnormal development of adhesive papillae and altered distribution of surface cellulose. In addition, three-fourths of TALEN-electroporated animals failed to complete larval metamorphosis.

Conclusions
This study showed that tunicate GH6-1, a gene that originated by horizontal gene transfer of a prokaryote gene, is recruited into the ascidian genome, and that it is expressed and functions in epidermal cells of ascidian embryos. Although further research is required, this observation demonstrates that both CesA and GH6-1 are involved in tunicate cellulose metabolism, impacting tunicate morphology and ecology.
Nearctic Pleistocene ungulates from the Pampean region (Argentina) in the historical collections of Santiago Roth in Switzerland: an overview
Authors: Carrillo-Briceño Jorge D. , Vezzosi Raúl I. , Ming Keesha M. , Christen Zoe M. , Mothé Dimila , Ruiz-Ramoni Damián , Sánchez-Villagra Marcelo R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNearctic ungulates such as artiodactyls, perissodactyls, and proboscideans arrived in South America during the Great American Biotic Interchange. Among them are camelids, cervids, tayassuids, equids, tapirids and gomphotherids. A historical collection of Nearctic ungulates from Pleistocene deposits of the Pampean region in Argentina is here studied and described. The collection consists of specimens collected by Santiago Roth in the nineteenth century and brought to Europe, where they are housed in the paleontological collections of the University of Zurich and the Natural History Museum of Geneva. Among the taxa reported here areNotiomastodon platensis,Lama guanicoe,Hemiauchenia paradoxa,Tayassu pecari,Morenelaphussp.,Hippidioncf.H.principale,Equuscf.E.neogeus, and other indeterminate gomphotherids, camelids, tayassuids, cervids, and equids. The exact stratigraphic position of these fossils collected more than 130 years ago is in many cases uncertain. The historical collection is still relevant for taxonomic studies and for offering new insights into palaeobiogeography and palaeobiology of mammalian fauna of the region during the Pleistocene.
Trends in ICU mortality and underlying risk over three decades among mechanically ventilated patients. A group level analysis of cohorts from infection prevention studies
Authors: Hurley James C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Has either the underlying risk or the mortality incidence among ICU patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) in the literature changed in recent decades? Interpreting ICU mortality trends requires an adjusted analysis accounting for changes in underlying patient risk.

Methods
Control and intervention groups from 147 randomized concurrent control trials (RCCT) of various VAP prevention interventions, as listed primarily within 13 Cochrane reviews and 63 observational studies listed﻿ primarily within four systematic reviews. Eligible studies were those including ICU patients with > 50% of patients receiving > 24 h of MV with mortality data available. ICU mortality (censored day 21 or before) or late (after day 21) mortality together with group-mean age, and group-mean APACHE II scores were extracted from all groups. These incidences were summarized in five meta-regression models versus publication year being variously adjusted for age, APACHE II scores, type of study intervention and other group level parameters.

Results
Among 210 studies published between 1985 and 2021, 169 being found in systematic reviews, the increase per decade in mean mortality incidence, group-mean APACHE II scores, and group-mean age, were < 1 percentage point (p = 0.43), 1.83 (95% CI; 0.51–3.15) points, and 3.9 (95% CI; 1.1–6.7) years, respectively. Only in the model with risk adjustment for both group-mean age and group-mean APACHE II score was a significant decline in mortality apparent. In all models, the mortality incidence among concurrent control groups of decontamination studies was paradoxically five percentage points higher than benchmark and showed greater dispersion.

Conclusion
Mortality incidence has changed little over 35 years among ICU infection prevention studies whilst the patient age and underlying disease severity, measured as APACHE II, have both increased. The paradoxically high mortality among concurrent control groups within studies of decontamination methods of infection prevention remains unaccounted for.