bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable concrete with partial substitution of paper pulp ash: A review
Authors: Ahmad Jawad , Arbili Mohamed Moafak , Deifalla Ahmed Farouk , Salmi Abdeltif , Maglad Ahmed M. , Althoey Fadi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The paper industry is one of the biggest sources of trash and stands out for its effects on both human health and ecological harmony. However, these waste could also help the building sector become more ecologically friendly. Beyond ecological considerations, modern construction often requires materials to make concrete durable, resisting heavy loads and less harmful environmental influences. This creates opportunities for waste management and practical application. This review provides a detail overview of eco-friendly construction ideas that deal with the practical use of materials that are often discarded (paper pulp ash). The impact they had on the characteristics of the construction material, the best mixture composition, and a discussion of the benefits and drawbacks of the “green” addition received the majority of the attention (paper pulp ash). The essential concrete properties such as consistency, setting time, flowability, compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, and impact strength are reviewed. Furthermore, the cost benefits and environmental benefits of paper pulp ash as construction materials are also discussed. The study concludes by suggesting a line of inquiry for the creation of an environmentally friendly structural material for a sustainable future.
Cognitive Status and Subject Reference in Spanish Written Discourse
Authors: Abisambra Miccheli Ingrid , Quesada Margaret Lubbers 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Speakers make assumptions regarding the informativeness and saliency of referents in discourse and about their addressee’s cognitive status (memory and attention) regarding those referents. These assumptions, in turn, determine the forms (e.g., pronouns, NPs) speakers use when referring to entities. Gundel, Jeanette K., Nancy Hedberg & Ron Zacharski. 1993. Cognitive status and the form of referring expressions in discourse. Language 69(2). 274–307 proposed a set of implicationally related cognitive statuses in the Givenness Hierarchy that predict the forms speakers use to refer to entities in discourse. Greater levels of attention and memory predict the use of phonetically minimal referential forms and lesser levels predict more phonetically elaborate forms. Blackwell, Sarah E. & Margaret Lubbers Quesada. 2012. Third-person subjects in native speakers’ and L2 learners’ narratives: Testing (and revising) the Givenness Hierarchy for Spanish. In Kimberly Geeslin & Manuel Díaz-Campos (eds.), 14th Hispanic linguistics symposium, 142–164. Somerville: Cascadilla tested the predictive power of the Hierarchy for referring expressions in Spanish oral film-retell narratives. Results showed that speakers use the most minimal forms possible (e.g., null pronouns) even when the hierarchy predicts more elaborate forms. Assuming writers make fewer assumptions regarding readers’ level of attention and memory, the present study examines whether the revised Hierarchy proposed by Blackwell, Sarah E. & Margaret Lubbers Quesada. 2012. Third-person subjects in native speakers’ and L2 learners’ narratives: Testing (and revising) the Givenness Hierarchy for Spanish. In Kimberly Geeslin & Manuel Díaz-Campos (eds.), 14th Hispanic linguistics symposium, 142–164. Somerville: Cascadilla is valid for predicting referring forms in Spanish written film retell narrative discourse. The data corroborate that participants select subject forms as predicted, but also reveal an increased use of definite NPs, suggesting that the Hierarchy has a stronger predictive power for oral narratives where attention and memory play a greater role in referent identification.
Las vocales glotalizadas en el español guatemalteco: Un análisis sociofonético entre los hablantes bilingües (español-kaqchikel) y monolingües
Authors: McKinnon Sean 
Published: April 2023

ResumenEn situaciones de contacto intenso entre dos comunidades lingüísticas, es probable que surjan varios cambios lingüísticos debido al contacto. Este estudio expande la investigación del español en contacto con el maya kaqchikel mediante la examinación de la glotalización de las vocales iniciales de palabra, un fenómeno que ocurre obligatoriamente en kaqchikel. Empleando la sociolingüística comparativa, se investigaron no solo los factores lingüísticos y extralingüísticos que influyen la cantidad de glotalización (i.e., presencia de una oclusivas glotal sorda o voz rechinada), sino también su calidad (i.e., porcentaje de glotalización presente en el segmento). Los resultados indican que hay diferencias significativas entre los hablantes bilingües y monolingües, ya que los bilingües tienen una tasa de glotalización más alta; además, la separación de los datos monolingües de los bilingües revela que la glotalización de las vocales iniciales es estable en la comunidad bilingüe, pero hay un cambio en progreso en la población monolingüe. Aparte de analizar los hallazgos en el contexto socioecológico de Guatemala, también se contrastan con otras dos situaciones de contacto (i.e., Paraguay y el Yucatán) para examinar el efecto del nivel de bilingüismo en la sociedad con respecto a la tasa de glotalización.
How Do You Say Madrid? Final /d/ Variation and the Indexicality of Madrilenian Localness
Authors: Pérez Castillejo Susana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper explores the hypothesis that devoicing and deletion of /-d/ can index Madrilenian localness in part because of how these variants are experienced when they happen in the city’s name. Drawing on the notions of enregisterment and metapragmatic stereotypes, this study examines how sociolinguistic variation and linguistic ideology contribute to this indexicality. The data set consists of readings, sociolinguistic interviews, and metalinguistic talk produced by 35 participants from multiple neighborhoods in Madrid. Quantitative analyses examine how /-d/ allophony in the word Madrid patterns with speakers’ characteristics and speech style. A qualitative analysis explores the explicit form-meaning links that emerge in participants’ evaluative comments about various ways of saying Madrid, as well as the underlying ideologies these associations reveal. Results show correlations in usage and recurrent discursive patterns that support the study’s hypothesis. When the word Madrid is used and talked about, the social deixis of /-d/ allophony interacts with the place deictic function of the word to conjure up certain indexicalities that can be exploited to construct locally meaningful personae. By exploring the interaction between phonetic variation and the pragmatic practice of place naming, this study expands our understanding of the development of social meaning, specifically localness.
Control of Synaptic Levels of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by the Sequestering Subunit Dα5 and Secreted Scaffold Protein Hig
Authors: Nakayama Minoru , Nishimura Osamu , Nishimura Yuhi , Kitaichi Miwa , Kuraku Shigehiro , Sone Masaki , Hama Chihiro 
Published: April 2023

The presentation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on synaptic membranes is crucial for generating cholinergic circuits, some of which are associated with memory function and neurodegenerative disorders. Although the physiology and structure of nAChR, a cation channel comprising five subunits, have been extensively studied, little is known about how the receptor levels in interneuronal synapses are determined and which nAChR subunits participate in the regulatory process in cooperation with synaptic cleft matrices and intracellular proteins. By a genetic screen ofDrosophila, we identified mutations in the nAChR subunit Dα5 gene as suppressors that restored the mutant phenotypes ofhig, which encodes a secretory matrix protein localized to cholinergic synaptic clefts in the brain. Only the loss of function of Dα5 among the 10 nAChR subunits suppressedhigmutant phenotypes in both male and female flies. Dα5 behaved as a lethal factor when Hig was defective; loss of Dα5 inhigmutants rescued lethality, upregulating Dα6 synaptic levels. By contrast, levels of Dα5, Dα6, and Dα7 subunits were all reduced inhigmutants. These three subunits have distinct properties for interaction with Hig or trafficking, as confirmed by chimeric subunit experiments. Notably, the chimeric Dα5 protein, which has the extracellular sequences that display no positive interaction with Hig, exhibited abnormal distribution and lethality even in the presence of Hig. We propose that the sequestering subunit Dα5 functions by reducing synaptic levels of nAChR through internalization, and this process is blocked by Hig, which tethers Dα5 to the synaptic cleft matrix.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBecause the cholinergic synapse is one of the major synapses that generate various brain functions, numerous studies have sought to reveal the physiology and structure of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). However, little is known about how synaptic levels of nAChR are controlled and which nAChR subunits participate in the regulatory process in cooperation with synaptic cleft matrices. By a genetic screen ofDrosophila, we identified mutations in the nAChR subunit Dα5 gene as suppressors that restored the mutant phenotypes ofhig, which encodes a secretory matrix protein localized to cholinergic synaptic clefts. Our data indicate that Dα5 functions in reducing synaptic levels of nAChR, and this process is blocked by Hig, which tethers Dα5 to the synaptic cleft matrix.
Genotoxicidad de cloruro de mercurio (II) en alevines de Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces, Cichlidae) expuestos a diferentes temperaturas
Authors: Francia-Quiroz Juan Carlos , Contreras-Luya Claudia F. , Fernández-Celedonio Valeria 
Published: April 2023

El cloruro de mercurio (HgCl2) es un compuesto neurotóxico, nefrotóxico y genotóxico, que se encuentra en ambientes acuáticos por actividades antropogénicas y cuyo efecto puede alterarse por variaciones en la temperatura (por ejemplo: calentamiento global). El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la concentración letal media (CL50) para HgCl2 y su efecto genotóxico, con relación al aumento de temperatura para alevines de Oreochromis niloticus. Los resultados de CL50 para HgCl2 durante los tiempos de exposición (48, 72 y 96 h) y temperaturas (28 y 32 °C) mostraron que la CL50-96h se incrementó de 0.39 mg L-1 para 28 °C a 0.66 mg L-1 para 32 °C. Para la evaluación subletal se establecieron concentraciones a partir de la CL50-96h de HgCl2 para 28 y 32 °C, evaluando la genotoxicidad por 30 días a través del ensayo de anormalidades nucleares (AN) y micronúcleos (MN). Se observó mayor frecuencia de AN y MN a 0.07 mg L-1 de HgCl2 para 32 °C. Se concluye que la CL50 y genotoxicidad (AN y MN) para HgCl2 se incrementa al aumentar la temperatura de 28 a 32 °C.
Amino acid composition of proteins of meristem cells of maize roots under the combined action of lead, cadmium and nickel ions
Authors: Bohuslavska L. V. , Shupranova L. V. , Holoborodko K. K. , Kunakh O. M. 
Published: April 2023

Heavy metals are one of the main causes of plant damage. The main route of entry of metals into plants is their absorption by the root system from the soil. The accumulation of heavy metals in plants disrupts the flow of biochemical processes. Amino acid metabolism is one of the important factors that ensure biochemical adaptation of organisms to environmental changes. Therefore, the aim of the work was to study the content of protein amino acids in the generative tissues of the maize root under the combined action of lead, cadmium and nickel ions at the early stages of ontogenesis. To assess the impact of heavy metals, two-day-old corn seedlings were transplanted to solutions with heavy metal ions of various concentrations, both individually and in a mixture. The content of protein amino acids in the meristem was characterized by significant variation associated with both quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of water-soluble proteins during germination. The level of accumulation of amino acids in the meristem cells of maize roots depended on the concentration of the xenobiotic and the germination period, and the general regularity of the influence of nickel ions was a decrease in the content of arginine, leucine, alanine and an increase in the content of histidine, cysteine, serine, proline, and valine. During the period of germination, the qualitative amino acid composition of plants did not change, while the quantitative content of individual amino acids varied greatly. Various increases in the content of dicarboxylic amino acids (glutamate and aspartate) testify to the intensification of metabolic processes under the influence of the studied substances. However, it cannot be excluded that the increase in the content of glutamic and aspartic acids is associated with a decrease in the speed of their utilization. In addition, heavy metals caused an increase in the content of amino acids of the ornithine cycle (arginine) and the end product of the cycle (proline) to varying degrees. Proline is an amino acid that has a stress-protective effect due to the binding of proline aggregates to surface hydrophobic residues of proteins, which prevents their denaturation. Perhaps a similar protective effect of proline occurs in the case, which is being considered.
Territorios de migrantes. Conformación urbano-arquitectónica en tres procesos de asentamiento en Venezuela
Authors: Buitrago Ruiz Diego Alexander 
Published: April 2023

Entre 1830 y 1960 arribaron a Venezuela oleadas de migrantes, cuyo número varió de acuerdo con las políticas migratorias regentes. La principal causa de la inmigración fue la necesidad local de fuerza de trabajo para la colonización y explotación de los inexplorados territorios agrícolas, los recién descubiertos territorios petroleros, y los aun en conformación territorios urbanos. Los extranjeros que salían de sus países de origen a causa del conflicto o la pobreza tenían el potencial para impulsar la prosperidad en dichas tierras.
Ante este panorama, el objetivo del presente artículo es examinar la conformación urbano-arquitectónica en tres procesos de asentamiento de migrantes europeos en territorio venezolano. Para ello se asumió que los grupos inmigrados portan valores, memorias y conocimientos que perviven en la cultura material del lugar de acogida. Para caracterizar a los territorios de migrantes se indagó en sus huellas a través de una revisión documental de fuentes secundarias relacionadas con las temáticas de políticas y datos estadísticos de inmigración, distribución del territorio productivo, proyectos urbanos y arquitectónicos, y el fenómeno de adaptación e identidad cultural.
„Aki keres, az talál?” – A szándékértelmezés szerepe a 36 hónapos gyerekek modellalapú keresési teljesítményében
Authors: Szalai Gerda Margit , Egyed Katalin 
Published: April 2023

Háttér és célkitűzésekA vizuális szimbólumok jelentős szerepet játszanak mindennapi életünkben, mivel az indirekt tanulás fontos támogatói. Ahhoz, hogy gazdagodhassunk a szimbólum hordozta információból, értenünk kell szimbólum és referense szimbolikus kapcsolatát, ami hároméves kor előtt nem magától értetődő. Jelen kutatás célja a vizuális szimbólummegértés közvetítő mechanizmusának azonosítása, és ezen keresztül a kisgyermekek vizuális szimbólummegértésének facilitálása volt a gyerekek számára kevéssé ismerős háromdimenziós vizuális szimbólumok esetében.MódszerKutatásunkban harminckét hároméves vett részt véletlenszerűen kísérleti és kontroll feltételbe sorolva. A szorosan illesztett személyek közti elrendezést alkalmazó kísérlet lehetővé tette, hogy a két feltételben alkalmazott procedúra különbségét a szimbólumértés feltételezett közvetítő mechanizmusára korlátozzuk. Ez a különbség a manipulációs fázis során alkalmazott szimbólumok eredetében volt. Míg a kísérleti feltételben használt vizuális szimbólumokat a felnőtt szándékosan hozta létre (társas eredet), a kontroll feltételben véletlenül talált rá az előre elkészített tárgyakra (társas eredet hiánya). Ezt követően minden résztvevő ugyanabban a manipulációs fázistól független modellalapú keresési helyzetben vett részt, ahol az alkalmazott szimbólumok eredetéről már nem állt rendelkezésre információ.EredményekA két feltétel résztvevőinek szimbólumalapú keresési teljesítményét Mann–Whitney-próbával összehasonlítva szignifikáns, nagy hatáserősségű különbség igazolódott a kísérleti feltétel javára, U = 77, p = 0,04, η2 = 0,14. Vagyis, ha hozzáférhetővé tesszük a szimbólum-létrehozás társas eredetét, jobb teljesítményt eredményez a modellalapú keresési feladat során.KövetkeztetésekA szimbólummegértés és -használat hatékonyan facilitálható, ha a háromévesek rövid tapasztalatot szerezhetnek a szimbólum-létrehozás társas eredetéről. E tapasztalat hatására sikeresebben használják fel a szimbólum hordozta információt egy problémamegoldási helyzetben. Vagyis képesek tapasztalatukat általánosítani olyan szimbólumokra, melyek társas eredete nem hozzáférhető.
SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE MAIN CRITICAL TEMPERA-TURES OF NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOYS OF EQUIAXIAL CRYSTALLIZATION
Authors: Glotka O. , Ol’shanetskii V. , Byelikov S. , Kononov V. , Hvostak V. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose. It consists in establishing regularities of the influence of alloying elements on the thermophysical characteristics of nickel-based superalloys of equiaxial crystallization, which allows to optimize the manufacturing and heat treatment processes.
Research methods. The experimental values were processed by mathematical methods to obtain correlation dependencies of the "parameter-property" type and establish regression models that optimally describe these dependencies.
Results. The regularities of the influence of the chemical composition of nickel-based superalloys on thermophysical characteristics have been established. We have obtained ratios that allow us to take into account the criteria of competition (cooperation) of chemical elements and obtain diagrams by which it is possible to determine critical temperatures.
Scientific novelty. The established ratios of Kg¢, Kg, KMC and KM23C6 allow taking into account the criteria of competition (cooperation) of chemical elements in the chemical composition of nickel-based superalloys of equiaxial crystallization. Thanks to the obtained ratios, a diagram was obtained with the help of which it is possible to establish thermophysical characteristics for the alloys of the specified group.
Practical value. An effective solution for establishing the main critical temperatures of nickel-based superalloys of equiaxial crystallization is proposed, which made it possible to optimize the temperatures of production, heat treatment and operation.
THE EFFECT OF CARBON AND NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE ON THE PHYSICAL, MECHANICAL AND OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF AUSTENITIC HIGH-MANGANESE STEEL
Authors: Sazhnev V. , Snizhnoi G. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose. It consists in determining the influence of carbon and manganese, concentrations of modifiers, test temperatures on the physical and mechanical properties and wear resistance of austenitic highmanganese steel Г13Л.
Research methods. Determination of impact viscosity was carried out on the MK-30A pendulum probe, microhardness – on the PMT-3 device. The hydrostatic weighing method was used to determine the density. Microstructural analysis and study of non-metallic inclusions were carried out using metallographic and electron microscopes. Corrosion resistance was determined in a model environment with pH9, which corresponded to the production conditions of beneficiation processes of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy.
Results. It was established that the best indicators of the properties of steel 110Г13Л are provided at average values of carbon and manganese concentrations within the standard. For parts that work under low shock loads, it is advisable to use austenitic wear-resistant steels with lower manganese concentrations and higher carbon concentrations within the standard chemical composition.
Scientific novelty. New dependences on carbon influence, structural modification, non-metallic inclusions, and physical and mechanical properties of high-manganese steel were clarified and obtained. The strength limit of steel increases monotonically with increasing carbon content, and the dependences describing changes in plasticity, impact toughness, and hardness are extreme in nature.
Practical value. A rational method of modification to improve the operational characteristics of steels is proposed. The influence of the test temperature on the impact toughness of steel with changes in carbon concentrations was studied, as the main indicator of the reliability of machine parts at low temperatures.
RESEARCH AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SILUMIN AK7ч
Authors: Petrashov O. , Kapustian O. , Volchok I. , Mityaev O. , Akimov I. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Research and improvement of the technology of improving the quality of secondary silumins developed by Zaporizhzhya Polytechnic National University. Due to the lack of own production of primary aluminum in Ukraine, improving the mechanical and service properties of secondary aluminum alloys obtained from scrap is an urgent task.
Research methods. The object of research was the secondary aluminum alloy AK7ч with chemical composition, %: 6.72 Si, 0.05 Cu, 0.08 Mn, 0.32 Mg, 0.02 Zn, 0.01 Ti, from 0.49 to 1 .59 Fe (5 fractions), the rest – Al. To neutralize the negative effect of iron and other impurities on the mechanical properties of the secondary alloy AK7ч, a complex technology (sorting of scrap, refining and modification of liquid metal) was used. The content of the complex modifying additive MK-1 was 0.10%; 0.12%; 0.14%; 0.16% and 0.20%, respectively, with increasing iron content. Yield strength, elongation, and hardness were determined by standard methods at room temperature. Fatigue tests were performed on a magnetostriction machine at a frequency of 18 kHz. Control of the frequency of oscillations was carried out using a frequency meter. The influence of the load frequency on the fatigue characteristics of the alloy was evaluated using the fatigue life curves with a limited endurance limit.
Results. An increase in mechanical properties, including resistance to destruction at high load frequencies, has been achieved.
Scientific novelty. New data were obtained on the effect of iron on the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy AK7ч.
Practical value. The obtained results expand the possibilities of using secondary aluminum alloys. The established dependencies can be used in the optimization of the composition of secondary silumins.