bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positron emission tomography rubidium-82 myocardial perfusion imaging in diagnosing uncommon paediatric acute coronary syndrome: a case report
Authors: Abd Razak Nadiah , Md. Yusof Ahmad Khairuddin , Abdul Hamid Khadijah , Khor Phay Phay 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is uncommon among the paediatric population with no guideline in the management in this age group up to this date. This case report aims to introduce the Positron Emission Tomography Rubidium-82 (PET Rb-82 MPI) as one of the non-invasive diagnostic tools in paediatric acute coronary syndrome.

Case presentation
Patient is an 11-year-old boy with underlying Nephrotic syndrome who was referred to our hospital with the chief complaint of chest pain. This was associated with raised cardiac enzyme and S–T depression on the posterior leads of electrocardiogram. On his arrival, we noted raised lipid profile as well as proteinuria and hypoalbuminaemia. He had frequent relapse of Nephrotic syndrome with the latest episode was three months ago. He has a strong family history of ischaemic heart disease whom his father had an episode of myocardial infarction at the age of 40 as well as a strong family history of hypercholesterolaemia. His father and paternal uncle were diagnosed with hypercholesterolaemia at their early age. He was arranged for Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography which subsequently followed by PET Rb-82 MPI. The PET Rb-82 MPI demonstrated a large area of stress induced ischaemia in the left anterior descending, left circumflex and right coronary artery territories. The left ventricular size is normal with good systolic function and normal wall motion. Global coronary flow reserve was still preserved at 2.07. Following the multi-disciplinary meeting, diagnosis of ACS was established. Patient was treated with dual anti-platelets, and he was then arranged for coronary angiography. The coronary angiography showed complete occlusion of the left circumflex artery from the proximal segment. There was a mild disease at mid segment of the diagonal artery with myocardial bridging. There was also a moderate disease from proximal segment of the dominant right coronary artery. Paclitaxel drug coated balloons were inserted into the diagonal and left circumflex arteries.

Conclusions
This rare case report on paediatric ACS highlights the diagnostic value of PET Rb-82 MPI as one of the non-invasive imaging tools in diagnosing paediatric acute coronary syndrome.
Bioanalytical method development, validation and quantification of flutamide in spiked rat plasma by using high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Sabale Vidya , Jiwankar Manasi , Sabale Prafulla 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
A quick, low cost and precise method was developed and validated for flutamide in the rat plasma using a high-performance liquid chromatography. Acetanilide was used as internal standard in the study. Flutamide was extracted from rat plasma using methanol. The chromatographic analysis was carried out on Cromasil C18 column at 227 nm using methanol–water mixture as the mobile phase and flow rate of 0.8 ml/min.

Results
The developed method demonstrated good linearity over the 100–1000 ng/ml concentration range with a regression coefficient of 0.9947. The accuracy of the developed method was found to be 97–101%, while its precision was found to be less than 5%. Limits of detection and quantitation were determined to be 2.52 ng/ml and 7.66 ng/ml, respectively. Flutamide showed recovery of about 96–100% and the developed method was further used to investigate the pharmacokinetics of flutamide in the marketed formulation.

Conclusions
From the results, it can be concluded that the developed method has the potential to successfully determine flutamide in rat plasma and establish the pharmacokinetic parameters of other flutamide-containing formulations.
Risk Factors Associated with Incident Vertebral Fractures in Steroid-treated Males with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Phung Kim , McAdam Laura , Ma Jinhui , McMillan Hugh J , Jackowski Stefan , Scharke Maya , Matzinger Mary-Ann , Shenouda Nazih , Koujok Khaldoun , Jaremko Jacob L , Wilson Nagwa , Walker Scott , Hartigan Colleen , Khan Nasrin , Page Marika , Robinson Marie-Eve , Saleh David S , Smit Kevin , Rauch Frank , Siminoski Kerry , Ward Leanne M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Prevention of fractures is an unmet need in glucocorticoid (GC)-treated Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This study explored factors associated with incident vertebral fractures (VFs) to inform future fracture prevention efforts.

Methods
VFs were evaluated prospectively at study baseline and 12 months on lateral spine radiographs in participants aged 4 to 25 years with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Clinical factors were analyzed for their association with the change in Spinal Deformity Index (sum of the Genant-defined VF grades from T4 to L4) between baseline and 12 months.

Results
Thirty-eight males were evaluated (mean ± SD age at baseline 11.0 ± 3.6 years; mean ± SD GC duration at baseline 4.1 ± 3.1 years; 74% ambulatory). Nine of 38 participants (24%) had 17 incident VFs, of which 3/17 VFs (18%) were moderate/severe. Participants with 12-month incident VF had lower mean ± SD baseline lumbar spine areal bone mineral density Z-scores (−2.9 ± 1.0 vs −1.9 ± 1.1; P = .049) and lower total body less head areal bone mineral density Z-scores (−3.1 ± 1.2 vs −1.6 ± 1.7; P = .036). Multivariable linear regression showed that at least 1 VF at baseline (P &lt; .001), a higher number of antecedent non-VF (P &lt; .001), and greater bone age delay at baseline (P = .027) were significant predictors of an increase in the Spinal Deformity Index from baseline to 12 months.

Conclusion
The observation that ≥ 1 prevalent VF and/or non-VF were the strongest predictors of incident VFs at 12 months supports the need for prevention of first fractures in this high-risk setting. Bone age delay, a marker of GC exposure, may assist in the prioritization of patients in efforts to prevent first fractures.
Fusion Oncogenes in Patients With Locally Advanced or Distant Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Ju Gaoda , Sun Yuqing , Wang Hao , Zhang Xin , Mu Zhuanzhuan , Sun Di , Huang Lisha , Lin Ruijue , Xing Tao , Cheng Wuying , Liang Jun , Lin Yan-Song 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context
Fusion oncogenes are involved in the underlying pathology of advanced differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), and even the cause of radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractoriness.

Objective
We aimed to investigation between fusion oncogenes and clinicopathological characteristics involving a large-scale cohort of patients with advanced DTC.

Methods
We collected 278 tumor samples from patients with locally advanced (N1b or T4) or distant metastatic DTC. Targeted next-generation sequencing with a 26-gene ThyroLead panel was performed on these samples.

Results
Fusion oncogenes accounted for 29.86% of the samples (72 rearrangement during transfection (RET) fusions, 7 neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions, 4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions) and occurred more frequently in pediatric patients than in their adult counterparts (P = .003, OR 2.411, 95% CI 1.329-4.311) in our cohort. DTCs with fusion oncogenes appeared to have a more advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)_N and AJCC_M stage (P = .0002, OR 15.47, 95% CI 2.54-160.9, and P = .016, OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.18-4.81) than those without. DTCs with fusion oncogenes were associated with pediatric radioactive iodine (RAI) refractoriness compared with those without fusion oncogenes (P = .017, OR 4.85, 95% CI 1.29-15.19). However, in adult DTCs, those with fusion oncogenes were less likely to be associated with RAI refractoriness than those without (P = .029, OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27-0.95), owing to a high occurrence of the TERT mutation, which was the most prominent genetic risk factor for RAI refractoriness in multivariate logistic regression analysis (P &lt; .001, OR 7.36, 95% CI 3.14-17.27).

Conclusion
Fusion oncogenes were more prevalent in pediatric DTCs than in their adult counterparts and were associated with pediatric RAI refractoriness, while in adult DTCs, TERT mutation was the dominant genetic contributor to RAI refractoriness rather than fusion oncogenes.
Acute Deletion of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Hepatocytes Disrupts Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Male Mice
Authors: Correia Catarina Mendes , Præstholm Stine Marie , Havelund Jesper Foged , Pedersen Felix Boel , Siersbæk Majken Storm , Ebbesen Morten Frendø , Gerhart-Hines Zach , Heeren Joerg , Brewer Jonathan , Larsen Steen , Blagoev Blagoy , Færgeman Nils Joakim , Grøntved Lars 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHepatic lipid metabolism is highly dynamic, and disruption of several circadian transcriptional regulators results in hepatic steatosis. This includes genetic disruption of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as the liver develops. To address the functional role of GR in the adult liver, we used an acute hepatocyte-specific GR knockout model to study temporal hepatic lipid metabolism governed by GR at several preprandial and postprandial circadian timepoints. Lipidomics analysis revealed significant temporal lipid metabolism, where GR disruption results in impaired regulation of specific triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and sphingolipids. This correlates with increased number and size of lipid droplets and mildly reduced mitochondrial respiration, most noticeably in the postprandial phase. Proteomics and transcriptomics analyses suggest that dysregulated lipid metabolism originates from pronounced induced expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis, β-oxidation, and sphingolipid metabolism. Integration of GR cistromic data suggests that induced gene expression is a result of regulatory actions secondary to direct GR effects on gene transcription.
Effect of Fetal Pituitary-Testes Suppression on Brain Sexual Differentiation and Reproductive Function in Male Sheep
Authors: Amodei Rebecka , Jonker Sonnet S , Smallman Mary , Whitler William , Estill Charles T , Roselli Charles E 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We previously demonstrated that treating fetal lambs on gestational day 62 with the long-acting gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist degarelix (DG) suppresses pituitary-testicular function during midgestation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether impaired gonadotrophic drive during this fetal period has enduring effects on sexual differentiation and reproductive function in adult male sheep. We assessed the effects of prenatal administration of DG, with or without testosterone (T) replacement, on various sexually dimorphic behavioral traits in adult rams, including sexual partner preferences, as well as neuroendocrine responsiveness and testicular function. Our findings revealed that DG treatment had no effect on genital differentiation or somatic growth. There were some indications that DG treatment suppressed juvenile play behavior and adult sexual motivation; however, male-typical sexual differentiation of reproductive behavior, sexual partner preference, and gonadotropin feedback remained unaffected and appeared to be fully masculinized and defeminized. DG-treated rams showed an increased LH response to GnRH stimulation and a decreased T response to human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation, suggesting impaired Leydig cell function and reduced T feedback. Both effects were reversed by cotreatment with T propionate. DG treatment also suppressed the expression of CYP17 messenger RNA, a key enzyme for T biosynthesis. Despite the mild hypogonadism induced by DG treatment, ejaculate volume, sperm motility, and sperm morphology were not affected. In summary, these results suggest that blocking GnRH during midgestation does not have enduring effects on brain sexual differentiation but does negatively affect the testes' capacity to synthesize T.
Afterword: In and beyond the Boundaries of Medievalism
Authors: West Elizabeth J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In its special issue, “The ‘Medieval’ Undone: Imagining a New Global Past,” boundary 2 reveals connections of medieval studies beyond the field's self-declared boundary of 500 – 1500 AD. Though focusing on medieval studies, these essays underscore the field's long-standing role in promoting an Anglocentric paradigm of time and history. The implications reach beyond the 1500s, into the settler and colonial periods of early America, serving as a reminder that Western-derived divisions of time—that is, periodization—have anchored white-centered epistemologies. Rooted in Western-centric time and chronology, medieval studies reflects a global Anglocentric impact requiring Africana and nonwhite populations to engage the discipline as both intellectual and social advocacy.
Novos rumos
Authors: Tonelli Maria José , Wilner Adriana 
Published: August 2023

Passados vários meses de pandemia, continuamos a monitorar e a avaliar seus impactos na economia, nos negócios e na gestão. Desemprego, home office, síndrome de burnout, mudanças no comportamento do consumidor são alguns dos fenômenos que ocupam o noticiário e impactam significativamente o trabalho e o cotidiano de muitos profissionais.Nas últimas edições da GV-executivo temos abordado essas questões, já que se trata de um fato social total, na visão do sociólogo Marcel Mauss, ou seja, um acontecimento que provoca radicais transformações em diferentes frentes: na economia, na política, na família, nos indivíduos, visto que as esferas da vida social e da vida privada estão profundamente conectadas. Essa perspectiva foi proposta por Mauss ainda nos anos 1960, mas, no momento em que vivemos, tais efeitos são amplificados pela globalização, e os desafios para avançar em uma sustentabilidade planetária se tornaram imensos.Uma área que tem sido muito afetada é a circulação de mercadorias no mundo. Assim, esta edição da GV-executivo traz um especial sobre o tema e discute vários aspectos da gestão das cadeias produtivas das organizações.
Total hip arthroplasty; indications, historical overview, surgical techniques, complications, and outcomes
Authors: Kania Agata , Gonet Malwina , Miszczyk Karolina , Serwik-Trandasir Aleksandra , Włodarczyk-Cybulska Karolina , Maj Patrycja , Sergiel Natalia , Mozer Piotr , Maternia Jakub , Lazar Michał 
Published: August 2023

Introduction and purpose
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has revolutionized the treatment of various hip pathologies. This method of treatment leads to significant pain relief, improved function, and enhanced quality of life for patients worldwide. The following article provides an extensive overview of THA; covering indications, historical overview, surgical techniques, complications, as well as outcomes.
Material and method
The authors had analyzed both PubMed, as well as Google Scholar databases using the following key words: ‘THA’; ‘total hip replacement’; ‘total hip arthroplasty’; ‘hip’; ‘direct anterior approach’; ‘direct lateral approach’; ‘posterior approach’; ‘THA outcomes’.
Conclusion
THA is considered to be one of the most clinically successful and cost-effective medical procedures, which were developed during the last century. What is worth mentioning, the world’s highest-impact academic journal, The Lancet, called THA ‘the operation of the century’ in the year 2007.
The historical perspective of total hip arthroplasty reveals the remarkable journey of medical pioneers who paved the way for modern techniques and materials. From the early days of simple hemiarthroplasty to the development of innovative prosthetic components and minimally invasive approaches, the field has undergone substantial progress, resulting in improved patient outcomes and longevity of the implants.
Despite these advancements, the review highlights several challenges and complications associated with total hip arthroplasty. Through continued investment in research, and collaboration among orthopedic surgeons, engineers, and researchers, addressing these challenges can lead to further improvements and enhanced patient experiences.
Hybride Intelligenz als Konvergenz menschlicher und künstlicher Intelligenz – wie verändert ChatGPT die Wissensarbeit?
Authors: Schönberger Marius , Beinke Jan Heinrich 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Konzept „Industrie 5.0“ stellt einen entscheidenden Schritt in der Entwicklung der industriellen Produktion dar und zeichnet sich durch die enge Vernetzung von Mensch und Maschine aus. Hybride Intelligenz stellt eine vielversprechende Lösung dar, um menschliches Wissen mit maschineller Leistungsfähigkeit zu kombinieren. In diesem Beitrag wird daher das Potenzial von hybrider Intelligenz als Konvergenz von menschlicher und künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) untersucht und die Auswirkungen von ChatGPT auf die Wissensarbeit diskutiert. Die Studie untersucht die Berufsfelder Einkauf, Buchhaltung, Forschung und Entwicklung, Personalwesen und IT, um den Grad der Automatisierung sowie den Bedarf für die Integration von hybrider Intelligenz zu ermitteln. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass repetitive Aufgaben in allen Tätigkeitsbereichen bis zu einem gewissen Grad automatisiert werden können, wobei der Automatisierungsgrad je nach Tätigkeit variiert. ChatGPT ist ein Chatbot, der bei vielen dieser Aufgaben wertvolle Unterstützung leistet. Die Studie zeigt, dass menschliche Expertise weiterhin einen hohen Stellenwert hat und KI primär als unterstützendes Werkzeug eingesetzt wird. Die erfolgreiche Integration von KI-Systemen in bestehende Arbeitsprozesse erfordert zudem ein gewisses Maß an Schulung und Anpassung, um eine reibungslose Zusammenarbeit zwischen menschlicher und künstlicher Intelligenz zu gewährleisten.
Comparison of socio-economic determinants of COVID-19 testing and positivity in Canada: A multi-provincial analysis
Authors: Antonova Lilia , Somayaji Chandy , Cameron Jillian , Sirski Monica , Sundaram Maria E. , McDonald James Ted , Mishra Sharmistha , Kwong Jeffrey C. , Katz Alan , Baral Stefan , Caulley Lisa , Calzavara Andrew , Corsten Martin , Johnson-Obaseki Stephanie 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been more pronounced for socially disadvantaged populations. We sought to determine how access to SARS-CoV-2 testing and the likelihood of testing positive for COVID-19 were associated with demographic factors, socioeconomic status (SES) and social determinants of health (SDH) in three Canadian provinces.MethodsAn observational population-based cross-sectional study was conducted for the provinces of Ontario, Manitoba and New Brunswick between March 1, 2020 and April 27, 2021, using provincial health administrative data. After excluding residents of long-term care homes, those without current provincial health insurance and those who were tested for COVID-19 out of province, records from provincial healthcare administrative databases were reviewed for 16,900,661 healthcare users. Data was modelled separately for each province in accordance to a prespecified protocol and follow-up consultations among provincial statisticians and collaborators. We employed univariate and multivariate regression models to examine determinants of testing and test results.ResultsAfter adjustment for other variables, female sex and urban residency were positively associated with testing, while female sex was negatively associated with test positivity. In New Brunswick and Ontario, individuals living in higher income areas were more likely to be tested, whereas in Manitoba higher income was negatively associated with both testing and positivity. High ethnocultural composition was associated with lower testing rates. Both high ethnocultural composition and high situational vulnerability increased the odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.DiscussionWe observed that multiple demographic, income and SDH factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 testing and test positivity. Barriers to healthcare access identified in this study specifically relate to COVID-19 testing but may reflect broader inequities for certain at-risk groups.
The association between shift work exposure and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults: Results from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Authors: Khan Durdana , Edgell Heather , Rotondi Michael , Tamim Hala 
Published: August 2023

Background
Shift work, especially rotating and night shift work, has been linked to a wide range of detrimental health outcomes. Occupational factors like shift work and their potential impact on cognitive functions have received little attention, and the evidence is inconclusive. The objective of our study is to explore associations between shift work exposure and cognitive impairment indicators based on comparisons with the normative standards from the Canadian population.

Methods
Cross-sectional analyses were performed using baseline Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging database, including 47,811 middle-aged and older adults (45–85 years). Three derived shift work variables were utilized: ever exposed to shift work, shift work exposure in longest job, and shift work exposure in current job. Four cognitive function tests were utilized, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Tests (immediate and delayed) representing memory domain, and Animal Fluency, and Mental Alteration, representing the executive function domain. All cognitive test scores included in study were normalized and adjusted for the participant’s age, sex, education and language of test administration (English and French), which were then compared to normative data to create “cognitive impairment’ variables. Unadjusted and adjusted multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine associations between shift work variables and cognitive impairment individually (memory and executive function domains), and also for overall cognitive impairment.

Result
Overall, one in every five individuals (21%) reported having been exposed to some kind of shift work during their jobs. Exposure to night shift work (both current and longest job) was associated with overall cognitive impairment. In terms of domain-based measures, night shift work (longest job) was associated with memory function impairment, and those exposed to rotating shift work (both current and longest job) showed impairment on executive function measures, when compared to daytime workers.

Conclusion
This study suggests disruption to the circadian rhythm, due to shift work has negative impact on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults and this warrants further investigation.