bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A critical review of experiments on deuterium retention in displacement-damaged tungsten as function of damaging dose
Authors: Schwarz-Selinger T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Experimental results from the literature on the evolution of deuterium retention in displacement-damaged tungsten as a function of damaging dose are presented. Except for a few outliers, retention is generally found to increase with the presence of displacement damage. However, total retention results scatter by three orders of magnitude for similar exposure temperatures and are difficult to compare, because they depend on experiment-specific parameters such as the irradiation energy used to produce the displacement damage or the deuterium exposure parameters such as fluence. Even local deuterium concentration measurements were found to scatter by more than one order of magnitude. An experimental methodology is proposed that allows robust conclusions about the evolution of deuterium retention with damage dose and the results are discussed in detail. Recrystallized tungsten is irradiated with 20.3 MeV self-ions at room temperature with different damage doses ranging from 0.001 to 2.3 displacements per atom. The defects are then decorated with a low flux, low-energy deuterium plasma at 450 K sample temperature. 3He Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) shows that the deuterium concentration levels off from the linear increase already at very low damage dose of about 0.005 dpa. At a damage dose of 0.23 dpa a maximum deuterium concentration of about 1.4 at% is reached. Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS) shows that with damage increasing above 0.005 dpa, the overall shape of the desorption spectra does not change substantially, only their intensities increase. Total amounts derived from TDS are in quantitative agreement with results from 3He-NRA. Experimental results following this methodology also agree quantitatively with very recent parameter-free modeling of damage evolution.
In situ XPS of competitive CO2/H2O absorption in an ionic liquid
Authors: Cole Jordan , Henderson Zoë , Thomas Andrew G , Castle Christopher , Greer Adam J , Hardacre Christopher , Scardamaglia Mattia , Shavorskiy Andrey , Syres Karen L 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Superbasic ionic liquids (SBILs) are being investigated as potential carbon dioxide (CO2) gas capture agents, however, the presence of H2O in the flue stream can inhibit the uptake of CO2. In this study a thin film of the SBIL trihexyltetradecylphosphonium 1,2,4-triazolide ([P66614][124Triz]) was deposited onto rutile TiO2 (110) using in situ electrospray deposition and studied upon exposure to CO2 and H2O using in situ near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). The molar uptake ratio of gas in the electrosprayed SBIL (n
gas
:n
IL) was calculated to be 0.3:1 for CO2, 0.7:1 for H2O, and 0.9:1 for a CO2/H2O mixture. NAP-XPS taken at two different depths reveals that the competitive absorption of CO2 and H2O in [P66614][124Triz] varies with sampling depth. A greater concentration of CO2 absorbs in the bulk layers, while more H2O adsorbs/absorbs at the surface. The presence of H2O in the gas mixture does not inhibit the absorption of CO2. Measurements taken during exposure and after the removal of gas indicate that CO2 absorbed in the bulk does so reversibly, whilst CO2 adsorbed/absorbed at the surface does so irreversibly. This is contrary to the fully reversible CO2 reaction shown for bulk ionic liquids (ILs) in literature and suggests that irreversible absorption of CO2 in our highly-structured thin films is largely attributed to reactions at the surface. This has potential implications on IL gas capture and thin film IL catalysis applications.
Design methodology and implementation of stand-alone solar photovoltaic power system for daily energy consumption of 9.16 kWh
Authors: Dare Awoyinka Tunde , Wemimo David Timothy , Emmanuel Somefun Tobiloba , Titilayo Somefun Comfort , Joseph Dirisu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This stand-alone solar photovoltaic power system was designed to power a daily energy consumption of 9.16 kWh reliably, by means of photovoltaic only. The design involves different components whose capacities depend on 9.16 kWh daily energy consumption and 1-day autonomy, including several factors that determine the choice of selection. After implementation, the system was put to the test for two days to ascertain the design validity and check if it would be able to sustain the daily load demand for 24 h without failure. The results reveal that the design methodology employed for the stand-alone system in this study is accurate and reliable because the system was able to power the load interminably for 34 h, with a resulting 0.6% DoD at the end of the test. This was due to the complete energy balance that the design methodology offers. Day 1 shows that the overall PV array power was 208% higher than the daytime load power and 61.2% higher than the overall daily load power. While Day-2 shows the overall PV array power to be 130% higher than the daytime load power and 56.3% higher than the overall daily load power, The energy balance between PV array, battery, and load size was completely and sufficiently achieved on both days, as the highest depth of discharge recorded during the test was 48.7%. The study reveals that through a complete energy balance between PV, battery, and load size, a standalone PV system can reliably sustain daily energy demand. It aims to design a stand-alone PV system capable of reliably sustaining daily energy demand without the need for long days of autonomy, so as to help prevent failures in solar PV projects that come as a result of inappropriate sizing, planning, and a lack of technical know-how.
Some dynamical properties related to polynomials
Authors: Wu Qinqi 
Published: September 2023

Let

d
∈

N

d\in \mathbb {N}

and

p
i

p_i

be an integral polynomial with

p
i

(
0
)
=
0
,
1
≤
i
≤
d

p_i(0)=0,1\leq i\leq d

. It is shown that if

S
S

is thickly syndetic in

Z

\mathbb {Z}

, then

{
(
m
,
n
)
∈

Z

2

:
m
+

p
1

(
n
)
,
m
+

p
2

(
n
)
,
…
,
m
+

p
d

(
n
)
∈
S
}

\{(m,n)\in \mathbb {Z}^2:m+p_1(n),m+p_2(n),\ldots ,m+p_d(n)\in S\}

is thickly syndetic in

Z

2

\mathbb {Z}^2

.

Meanwhile, we construct a transitive, strong mixing and non-minimal topological dynamical system

(
X
,
T
)

(X,T)

, such that the set

{
x
∈
X
:
∀

open

U
∋
x
,
∃

n
∈

Z

s.t.

T

n

x
∈
U
,

T

2
n

x
∈
U
}

\{x\in X:\forall \ \text {open}\ U\ni x,\exists \ n\in \mathbb {Z}\ \text {s.t.}\ T^{n}x\in U,T^{2n}x\in U\}

is not dense in

X
X

.
Physiotherapists’ perspectives of barriers and facilitators to effective community provision after hip fracture: a qualitative study in England
Authors: Adams Jodie , Jones Gareth D , Sadler Euan , Guerra Stefanny , Sobolev Boris , Sackley Catherine , Sheehan Katie J 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeto investigate physiotherapists’ perspectives of effective community provision following hip fracture.Methodsqualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 community physiotherapists across England. Thematic analysis drawing on the Theoretical Domains Framework identified barriers and facilitators to implementation of effective provision. Interviews were complemented by process mapping community provision in one London borough, to identify points of care where suggested interventions are in place and/or could be implemented.Resultsfour themes were identified: ineffective coordination of care systems, ineffective patient stratification, insufficient staff recruitment and retention approaches and inhibitory fear avoidance behaviours. To enhance care coordination, participants suggested improving access to social services and occupational therapists, maximising multidisciplinary communication through online notation, extended physiotherapy roles, orthopaedic-specific roles and seven-day working. Participants advised the importance of stratifying patients on receipt of referrals, at assessment and into appropriately matched interventions. To mitigate insufficient staff recruitment and retention, participants proposed return-to-practice streams, apprenticeship schemes, university engagement, combined acute-community rotations and improving job description advertisements. To reduce effects of fear avoidance behaviour on rehabilitation, participants proposed the use of patient-specific goals, patient and carer education, staff education in psychological strategies or community psychologist access. Process mapping of one London borough identified points of care where suggested interventions to overcome barriers were in place and/or could be implemented.Conclusionphysiotherapists propose that effective provision of community physiotherapy following hip fracture could be improved by refining care coordination, utilising stratification techniques, employing enhanced recruitment and retainment strategies and addressing fear avoidance behaviours.
Complication Profiles of Smooth vs Textured Tissue Expanders in Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fijany Arman J , Chaker Sara C , Hung Ya-Ching , Zago Ilana , Friedlich Nicole , Olsson Sofia E , Holan Cole A , Montorfano Lisandro , Mubang Ronnie N , Givechian Kevin B , Boctor Michael J , Pekarev Maxim , Martinez-Jorge Jorys , Slater Elizabeth D 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma first linked with breast implants in 2011. The correlation between BIA-ALCL and textured devices has led to increased use of smooth devices. However, much of the data surrounding smooth and textured devices investigates breast implants specifically and not tissue expanders.ObjectivesWe performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis to compare surgical outcomes for smooth tissue expanders (STEs) and textured tissue expanders (TTEs).MethodsA search was performed on PubMed, including articles from 2016 to 2023 (n = 419). Studies comparing TTEs and STEs and reported complications were included. A random-effects model was utilized for meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 5 articles met inclusion criteria, representing 1709 patients in the STE cohort and 1716 patients in the TTE cohort. The mean duration of tissue expansion with STEs was 221.25 days, while TTEs had a mean time of tissue expansion of 220.43 days.Our meta-analysis found no differences in all surgical outcomes except for explantation risk. STE use was associated with increased odds of explantation by over 50% compared to TTE use (odds ratio = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.15 to 2.02; P = .003).ConclusionsOverall, STEs and TTEs had similar complication profiles. However, STEs had 1.5 times higher odds of explantation. The incidence of BIA-ALCL is low, and only a single case of BIA-ALCL has been reported with TTEs. This indicates that TTEs are safe and may lower the risk of early complications requiring explantation. Further studies are warranted to further define the relationship between tissue expanders and BIA-ALCL.Level of Evidence: 4
Comparative phylogeography informs community structure and assembly during and after Pleistocene Lake Bonneville
Authors: Williams Trevor J , Shiozawa Dennis K , Johnson Jerald B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Dispersal is one of the major processes controlling both genetic diversity and species diversity and is frequently studied in both phylogeography and community ecology. As such, integrating these fields to uncover how both historical and contemporary dispersal have affected local community structure can provide greater insights into community assembly. We used comparative phylogeography to determine if freshwater fish species in the Bonneville Basin show evidence of geologically recent dispersal and gene flow, which would probably have occurred when the basin was inundated by Lake Bonneville in the late Pleistocene. We then used museum records to uncover patterns of contemporary community structure and relate them to the results of the phylogeographical analyses. We found evidence for late Pleistocene dispersal throughout the Bonneville Basin in most of the fish species studied, which would have homogenized ancient communities. However, modern communities show evidence of non-random community structure and dispersal limitation between major sub-basins and habitats. Together, these results suggest that the Bonneville Basin fish fauna assembled due to a combination of historical dispersal and contemporary habitat filtering and extinction dynamics following isolation. Further work should continue to combine different data types to achieve more accurate inferences regarding contemporary community assembly.
Selective machine learning of doubly robust functionals
Authors: Cui Y , Tchetgen Tchetgen E J 
Published: September 2023

Summary
While model selection is a well-studied topic in parametric and nonparametric regression or density estimation, selection of possibly high-dimensional nuisance parameters in semiparametric problems is far less developed. In this paper, we propose a selective machine learning framework for making inferences about a finite-dimensional functional defined on a semiparametric model, when the latter admits a doubly robust estimating function and several candidate machine learning algorithms are available for estimating the nuisance parameters. We introduce a new selection criterion aimed at bias reduction in estimating the functional of interest based on a novel definition of pseudo risk inspired by the double robustness property. Intuitively, the proposed criterion selects a pair of learners with the smallest pseudo risk, so that the estimated functional is least sensitive to perturbations of a nuisance parameter. We establish an oracle property for a multi-fold cross-validation version of the new selection criterion that states that our empirical criterion performs nearly as well as an oracle with a priori knowledge of the pseudo risk for each pair of candidate learners. Finally, we apply the approach to model selection of a semiparametric estimator of average treatment effect given an ensemble of candidate machine learners to account for confounding in an observational study that we illustrate in simulations and a data application.
A-033 Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Bioanalytical Method for Prostaglandin D2 in Serum or Urine
Authors: Morr M , Holmquist B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is a major prostaglandin produced by the brain and by mast cells, and plays a role in vasodilation (“niacin flush”) and in the development of allergic diseases such as asthma and alopecia. We sought to develop a bioanalytical method for multiple specimen types for PGD2 for clinical use.

Methods
An analytical method was developed using a TX-4 HPLC system (Thermo-Fisher) with Agilent® 1200 pumps (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) and a Sciex® 5500 (Danaher) triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Calibration curve based on purified PGD2 (Cayman) was prepared in depleted serum (Golden West Biologicals). Sample preparation consisted of an initial isotope dilution using a deuterated heavy isotope internal standard (PGD2-2H4) followed by solid phase extraction, evaporation and reconstitution using a second heavy isotope (PGD2-2H9). Double-isotope dilution allows discrimination between extraction loss and ion suppression as causes of decreased ion current. A reversed phase C18 analytical column was used with an acidified water/acetonitrile/methanol solvent gradient to achieve chromatographic separation of physiological PGD2 from related isobaric metabolites include Prostaglandin E2. Negative mode electrospray ionization (ESI) was used for detection in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode.

Results
Analytical range was 1–1000 pg/mL (up to 5000 pg/mL with dilution). Inter-assay precision ranged from 8.8% to 10.2% and inter-assay accuracy ranged from 95.7% to 103.3%. Reference intervals for adults was developed using residual serum and urine specimens. No interference was observed in the presence of hemolysis, icteric or lipemia. No difference in result was observed when using collection tubes containing EDTA, Heparin or gel barriers.

Conclusion
A bioanalytical method for PGD2 has been fully validated for clinical use.
A-071 Comparison of eGFR Calculated by the MDRD, the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine and the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine-cystatin C Equations in Taiwanese
Authors: Lai C , Lee H , Ho H 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The new race-free 2021 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) Creatinine and the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine-cystatin C equations are endorsed by the National Kidney Foundation. This study aimed to evaluate the difference between the different equations in the results of eGFR &lt;60 and ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in different genders and ages in Taiwan.

Methods
We retrospectively collected 1403 laboratory data from adults with both serum creatinine and cystatin C tested results from January 2022 to October 2022, including 870 males and 533 females. We calculated the eGFR by MDRD, 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine, and 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine-cystatin C equations and divided the results into two groups according to eGFRMDRD &lt;60 or ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and then analyzed the bias and concordance between different equations according to age (18–29, 30–49, 50–69, ≥70) and gender, and used pair T-test or Wilcoxon sign rank test, P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
(1) Compared with the eGFRMDRD, the results of eGFR2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine and eGFR2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine-cystatin C showed a positive bias of 2.2 (P &lt; 0.001) and 1.8 (P &lt; 0.001) mL/min/1.73 m2 in the eGFRMDRD &lt; 60 group, 5.4 (P &lt; 0.001) and 2.4 (P = 0.010) mL/min/1.73 m2 in the eGFRMDRD ≥60 group. (2) In addition, in the eGFRMDRD &lt;60 group, there were 7.0% (42/601) male and 8.1% (28/345) female would be reclassified to the ≥60 group by the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine, and including 8.8% (53/601) male and 4.9% (17/345) female would be reclassified to the ≥60 group by the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine-cystatin C. (3) In eGFRMDRD ≥60 group, there was no patient would be reclassified to the &lt;60 groups by the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine, and including 3.0% (8/269) male and 3.2% (6/188) female would be reclassified to the &lt;60 group by the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine-cystatin C.

Conclusion
Compared with MDRD, most of the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine and 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine-cystatin C equations showed positive bias. It also reflected that about 5% of patients whose eGFRMDRD &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 would be reclassified to the ≥60 group by the 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine and 2021 CKD-EPI Creatinine-cystatin C. Clinical laboratories should fully understand the differences between different equations to ensure the quality of clinical testing.
A-268 Evaluation of a Real-Time Multiplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis in Urine Specimens
Authors: Branson L , Southard D , Jaime A , Katrangi W , Alturkmani R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) are among the most prevalent and treatable sexually transmitted diseases in the US. Currently, most available testing methods require patient samples to be split between CT/NG and TV assays. Here, we evaluate performance characteristics of the Seegene Novaplex STI Essential Assay, a real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for concurrent amplification and detection of multiple pathogens including CT, NG, and TV.

Methods
To prepare urine samples for extraction, 1 mL of each sample was centrifuged at 13 000 rpm for 15 min. The supernatant was discarded and the pellet was rehydrated in 190 µL of saline. Nucleic acid extraction was performed on a CyBio® FeliX liquid handler (Analytik Jena, Germany) using MagMAX™ Viral/Pathogen Nucleic Acid Isolation Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA). PCR amplification and detection were performed using Seegene Novaplex STI assay (Seegene Inc, South Korea) on a CFX96™ System (Bio-Rad Laboratories, CA). The assay utilizes Seegene MuDT™ technology that allows detection of multiple targets in a single channel without melting curve analysis. For method validation, precision studies were performed within-run and over 5 days. Limits of detection were verified by spiking known negative urine samples with CT/NG standards from Exact Diagnostics (Bio-Rad Laboratories, CA) and TV standards from ZeptoMetrix® (Antylia Scientific, IL). Method comparison was carried out by extracting and analyzing split patient urine samples against cobas® CT/NG assay (Roche Diagnostics, IL) and Solana® Trichomonas assay (Quidel, CA) performed by a reference laboratory. Additional accuracy studies were performed by spiking 20 negative patient samples with variable concentrations of the three pathogens.

Results
Within-run and between-day precision studies demonstrated consistent and reproducible results for all pathogens. Limit of detection was established at 10 copies/mL for CT and NG and 10 cells/mL for TV. Results of the spike-and-recovery studies were consistent with expected results for all three targets across evaluated concentrations. Patient correlation studies demonstrated 100% agreement with results obtained by the reference laboratory for both NG (32 total samples, 11 positive) and TV (22 total samples, 4 positive), and 96% agreement for CT (29 total samples, 10 positive).

Conclusion
The Seegene Novaplex STI Essential Assay offers a rapid and reliable method for detecting CT, NG, and TV in urine samples. The capability of the assay to detect multiple targets in a single sample well improves efficiency and turnaround time.
A-271 Verification of a multiplexed STI Pathogen Microarray Test with Saliva Collected With SDNA-1000 Kit
Authors: Quinter C R , Serrett J , Jensen M M , Vigerust D , Gupta R , Peek J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Sexually transmitted infections (STI) spread through oral sex potentially cause infections of the mouth, throat, genitals, or rectum. Saliva may be an important source of transmission of STI following oral sex. Multiplexed STI assays are useful diagnostically for patients with risk factors for STI as co-infections occur frequently.

Methods
Alimetrix STI is a multiplexed laboratory developed test for the identification of STI pathogens present in clinical specimens. DNA was collected in SDNA-1000 devices, extracted, purified, underwent multiplex PCR, and labeled amplicons were hybridized to a microarray with gene-specific 50mer capture probes. Fluorescently tagged amplicons were detected on a microarray scanner. Verification included analytical sensitivity (Limit of Detection (LOD), competition, and inclusivity), stability, and analytical specificity (exclusivity, precision and accuracy). Pathogens included in the multiplexed microarray included N. gonorrhea, C. trachomatis, T. vaginalis, T. pallidum , herpes 1 and 2, M. genitalium, U. urealyticum, and monkeypox.

Results
LOD for each pathogen in the Spectrum Solutions SDNA Collection System, throat swab, and first catch urine is found in Table 1. Competition of organisms showed the ability to co-detect up to 5 organisms from a single sample. Saliva collected using Spectrum Solutions SDNA Collection System was stable for 35 days at room temperature enabling discreet at home collection. Inclusivity showed related strains were detectable at 1× LOD, while maintaining 100% precision, 100% accuracy, and 97% exclusivity for high concentrations of closely related analytes in normal flora.

Conclusion
Control of STI associated with oral sex is dependent upon the demonstration of all pathogens present. Saliva collected in the SDNA-1000 device a high degree of sensitivity, precision, and accuracy, as well as the ability to detect multiple analytes (co-infection) within a given sample. Saliva is a clinically informative specimen source useful for the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of patients with oral and systemic disease.