bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in hippocampus reveals the pathogenesis of depression in four stress-induced models
Authors: Li Xuemei , Teng Teng , Yan Wei , Fan Li , Liu Xueer , Clarke Gerard , Zhu Dan , Jiang Yuanliang , Xiang Yajie , Yu Ying , Zhang Yuqing , Yin Bangmin , Lu Lin , Zhou Xinyu , Xie Peng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly heterogeneous psychiatric disorder. The pathogenesis of MDD remained unclear, and it may be associated with exposure to different stressors. Most previous studies have focused on molecular changes in a single stress-induced depression model, which limited the identification of the pathogenesis of MDD. The depressive-like behaviors were induced by four well-validated stress models in rats, including chronic unpredictable mild stress, learned helplessness stress, chronic restraint stress and social defeat stress. We applied proteomic and metabolomic to investigate molecular changes in the hippocampus of those four models and revealed 529 proteins and 98 metabolites. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis identified differentially regulated canonical pathways, and then we presented a schematic model that simulates AKT and MAPK signaling pathways network and their interactions and revealed the cascade reactions. Further, the western blot confirmed that p-AKT, p-ERK12, GluA1, p-MEK1, p-MEK2, p-P38, Syn1, and TrkB, which were changed in at least one depression model. Importantly, p-AKT, p-ERK12, p-MEK1 and p-P38 were identified as common alterations in four depression models. The molecular level changes caused by different stressors may be dramatically different, and even opposite, between four depression models. However, the different molecular alterations converge on a common AKT and MAPK molecular pathway. Further studies of these pathways could contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of depression, with the ultimate goal of helping to develop or select more effective treatment strategies for MDD.
A subpopulation of CD146+ macrophages enhances antitumor immunity by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Jing Lin , An Yunhe , Cai Tanxi , Xiang Jianquan , Li Baoming , Guo Jiang , Ma Xinran , Wei Ling , Tian Yanjie , Cheng Xiaoyan , Chen Xuehui , Liu Zheng , Feng Jing , Yang Fuquan , Yan Xiyun , Duan Hongxia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs one of the main tumor-infiltrating immune cell types, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) determine the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, limited knowledge about their phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous nature restricts their application in tumor immunotherapy. In this study, we identified a subpopulation of CD146+ TAMs that exerted antitumor activity in both human samples and animal models. CD146 expression in TAMs was negatively controlled by STAT3 signaling. Reducing this population of TAMs promoted tumor development by facilitating myeloid-derived suppressor cell recruitment via activation of JNK signaling. Interestingly, CD146 was involved in the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated activation of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment, partially by inhibiting transmembrane protein 176B (TMEM176B), an immunoregulatory cation channel. Treatment with a TMEM176B inhibitor enhanced the antitumor activity of CD146+ TAMs. These data reveal a crucial antitumor role of CD146+ TAMs and highlight the promising immunotherapeutic approach of inhibiting CD146 and TMEM176B.
Phase 1b trial of anti-EGFR antibody JMT101 and Osimertinib in EGFR exon 20 insertion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhao Shen , Zhuang Wu , Han Baohui , Song Zhengbo , Guo Wei , Luo Feng , Wu Lin , Hu Yi , Wang Huijuan , Dong Xiaorong , Jiang Da , Wang Mingxia , Miao Liyun , Wang Qian , Zhang Junping , Fu Zhenming , Huang Yihua , Xu Chunwei , Hu Longyu , Li Lei , Hu Rong , Yang Yang , Li Mengke , Yang Xiugao , Zhang Li , Huang Yan , Fang Wenfeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEGFR exon 20 insertion (20ins)-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an uncommon disease with limited therapeutic options and dismal prognosis. Here we report the activity, tolerability, potential mechanisms of response and resistance for dual targeting EGFR 20ins with JMT101 (anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody) plus osimertinib from preclinical models and an open label, multi-center phase 1b trial (NCT04448379). Primary endpoint of the trial is tolerability. Secondary endpoints include objective response rate, duration of response, disease control rate, progression free survival, overall survival, the pharmacokinetic profile of JMT101, occurrence of anti-drug antibodies and correlation between biomarkers and clinical outcomes. A total of 121 patients are enrolled to receive JMT101 plus osimertinib 160 mg. The most common adverse events are rash (76.9%) and diarrhea (63.6%). The confirmed objective response rate is 36.4%. Median progression-free survival is 8.2 months. Median duration of response is unreached. Subgroup analyses were performed by clinicopathological features and prior treatments. In patients with platinum-refractory diseases (n = 53), confirmed objective response rate is 34.0%, median progression-free survival is 9.2 months and median duration of response is 13.3 months. Responses are observed in distinct 20ins variants and intracranial lesions. Intracranial disease control rate is 87.5%. Confirmed intracranial objective response rate is 25%.
High-speed tunable microwave-rate soliton microcomb
Authors: He Yang , Lopez-Rios Raymond , Javid Usman A. , Ling Jingwei , Li Mingxiao , Xue Shixin , Vahala Kerry , Lin Qiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoliton microcombs are a promising new approach for photonic-based microwave signal synthesis. To date, however, the tuning rate has been limited in microcombs. Here, we demonstrate the first microwave-rate soliton microcomb whose repetition rate can be tuned at a high speed. By integrating an electro-optic modulation element into a lithium niobate comb microresonator, a modulation bandwidth up to 75 MHz and a continuous frequency modulation rate up to 5.0 × 1014 Hz/s are achieved, several orders-of-magnitude faster than existing microcomb technology. The device offers a significant bandwidth of up to tens of gigahertz for locking the repetition rate to an external microwave reference, enabling both direct injection locking and feedback locking to the comb resonator itself without involving external modulation. These features are especially useful for disciplining an optical voltage-controlled oscillator to a long-term reference and the demonstrated fast repetition rate control is expected to have a profound impact on all applications of frequency combs.
Multiplexed single-cell 3D spatial gene expression analysis in plant tissue using PHYTOMap
Authors: Nobori Tatsuya , Oliva Marina , Lister Ryan , Ecker Joseph R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRetrieving the complex responses of individual cells in the native three-dimensional tissue context is crucial for a complete understanding of tissue functions. Here, we present PHYTOMap (plant hybridization-based targeted observation of gene expression map), a multiplexed fluorescence in situ hybridization method that enables single-cell and spatial analysis of gene expression in whole-mount plant tissue in a transgene-free manner and at low cost. We applied PHYTOMap to simultaneously analyse 28 cell-type marker genes in Arabidopsis roots and successfully identified major cell types, demonstrating that our method can substantially accelerate the spatial mapping of marker genes defined in single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets in complex plant tissue.
Future space experiment platforms for astrobiology and astrochemistry research
Authors: Elsaesser Andreas , Burr David J. , Mabey Paul , Urso Riccardo Giovanni , Billi Daniela , Cockell Charles , Cottin Hervé , Kish Adrienne , Leys Natalie , van Loon Jack J. W. A. , Mateo-Marti Eva , Moissl-Eichinger Christine , Onofri Silvano , Quinn Richard C. , Rabbow Elke , Rettberg Petra , de la Torre Noetzel Rosa , Slenzka Klaus , Ricco Antonio J. , de Vera Jean-Pierre , Westall Frances 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpace experiments are a technically challenging but a scientifically important part of astrobiology and astrochemistry research. The International Space Station (ISS) is an excellent example of a highly successful and long-lasting research platform for experiments in space, that has provided a wealth of scientific data over the last two decades. However, future space platforms present new opportunities to conduct experiments with the potential to address key topics in astrobiology and astrochemistry. In this perspective, the European Space Agency (ESA) Topical Team Astrobiology and Astrochemistry (with feedback from the wider scientific community) identifies a number of key topics and summarizes the 2021 “ESA SciSpacE Science Community White Paper” for astrobiology and astrochemistry. We highlight recommendations for the development and implementation of future experiments, discuss types of in situ measurements, experimental parameters, exposure scenarios and orbits, and identify knowledge gaps and how to advance scientific utilization of future space-exposure platforms that are either currently under development or in an advanced planning stage. In addition to the ISS, these platforms include CubeSats and SmallSats, as well as larger platforms such as the Lunar Orbital Gateway. We also provide an outlook for in situ experiments on the Moon and Mars, and welcome new possibilities to support the search for exoplanets and potential biosignatures within and beyond our solar system.
Uncovering a population of gravitational lens galaxies with magnified standard candle SN Zwicky
Authors: Goobar Ariel , Johansson Joel , Schulze Steve , Arendse Nikki , Carracedo Ana Sagués , Dhawan Suhail , Mörtsell Edvard , Fremling Christoffer , Yan Lin , Perley Daniel , Sollerman Jesper , Joseph Rémy , Hinds K-Ryan , Meynardie William , Andreoni Igor , Bellm Eric , Bloom Josh , Collett Thomas E. , Drake Andrew , Graham Matthew , Kasliwal Mansi , Kulkarni Shri R. , Lemon Cameron , Miller Adam A. , Neill James D. , Nordin Jakob , Pierel Justin , Richard Johan , Riddle Reed , Rigault Mickael , Rusholme Ben , Sharma Yashvi , Stein Robert , Stewart Gabrielle , Townsend Alice , Vinko Jozsef , Wheeler J. Craig , Wold Avery 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDetecting gravitationally lensed supernovae is among the biggest challenges in astronomy. It involves a combination of two very rare phenomena: catching the transient signal of a stellar explosion in a distant galaxy and observing it through a nearly perfectly aligned foreground galaxy that deflects light towards the observer. Here we describe how high-cadence optical observations with the Zwicky Transient Facility, with its unparalleled large field of view, led to the detection of a multiply imaged type Ia supernova, SN Zwicky, also known as SN 2022qmx. Magnified nearly 25-fold, the system was found thanks to the standard candle nature of type Ia supernovae. High-spatial-resolution imaging with the Keck telescope resolved four images of the supernova with very small angular separation, corresponding to an Einstein radius of onlyθE = 0.167″ and almost identical arrival times. The smallθEand faintness of the lensing galaxy are very unusual, highlighting the importance of supernovae to fully characterize the properties of galaxy-scale gravitational lenses, including the impact of galaxy substructures.
Y chromosome toxicity does not contribute to sex-specific differences in longevity
Authors: Delanoue Rénald , Clot Charlène , Leray Chloé , Pihl Thomas , Hudry Bruno 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile sex chromosomes carry sex-determining genes, they also often differ from autosomes in size and composition, consisting mainly of silenced heterochromatic repetitive DNA. Even though Y chromosomes show structural heteromorphism, the functional significance of such differences remains elusive. Correlative studies suggest that the amount of Y chromosome heterochromatin might be responsible for several male-specific traits, including sex-specific differences in longevity observed across a wide spectrum of species, including humans. However, experimental models to test this hypothesis have been lacking. Here we use the Drosophila melanogaster Y chromosome to investigate the relevance of sex chromosome heterochromatin in somatic organs in vivo. Using CRISPR–Cas9, we generated a library of Y chromosomes with variable levels of heterochromatin. We show that these different Y chromosomes can disrupt gene silencing in trans, on other chromosomes, by sequestering core components of the heterochromatin machinery. This effect is positively correlated to the level of Y heterochromatin. However, we also find that the ability of the Y chromosome to affect genome-wide heterochromatin does not generate physiological sex differences, including sexual dimorphism in longevity. Instead, we discovered that it is the phenotypic sex, female or male, that controls sex-specific differences in lifespan, rather than the presence of a Y chromosome. Altogether, our findings dismiss the ‘toxic Y’ hypothesis that postulates that the Y chromosome leads to reduced lifespan in XY individuals.
Fabricating a dielectrophoretic microfluidic device using 3D-printed moulds and silver conductive paint
Authors: Valijam Shayan , Nilsson Daniel P. G. , Malyshev Dmitry , Öberg Rasmus , Salehi Alireza , Andersson Magnus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDielectrophoresis is an electric field-based technique for moving neutral particles through a fluid. When used for particle separation, dielectrophoresis has many advantages compared to other methods, like providing label-free operation with greater control of the separation forces. In this paper, we design, build, and test a low-voltage dielectrophoretic device using a 3D printing approach. This lab-on-a-chip device fits on a microscope glass slide and incorporates microfluidic channels for particle separation. First, we use multiphysics simulations to evaluate the separation efficiency of the prospective device and guide the design process. Second, we fabricate the device in PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) by using 3D-printed moulds that contain patterns of the channels and electrodes. The imprint of the electrodes is then filled with silver conductive paint, making a 9-pole comb electrode. Lastly, we evaluate the separation efficiency of our device by introducing a mixture of 3 μm and 10 μm polystyrene particles and tracking their progression. Our device is able to efficiently separate these particles when the electrodes are energized with ±12 V at 75 kHz. Overall, our method allows the fabrication of cheap and effective dielectrophoretic microfluidic devices using commercial off-the-shelf equipment.
Initial analytical theory of plasma disruption and experimental evidence
Authors: Qiu Huibin , Hu Zuozhi , Wu Shengfa , Chen Jiangcun , Zhong Chengjie , Wu Junjie , Li Xiaobin , Xiao Donghua , Shi Chunhui , Liu Junhui , Xiong Wenjun , Hu Tianyi , Cai Qilong , Yuan Youlong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is a great physical challenge to achieve controlled nuclear fusion in magnetic confinement tokamak and solve energy shortage problem for decades. In tokamak plasma, large-scale plasma instability called disruption will halt power production of reactor and damage key components. Prediction and prevention of plasma disruption is extremely urgent and important. However, there is no analytical theory can elucidate plasma disruption physical mechanism yet. Here we show an analytical theory of tokamak plasma disruption based on nonextensive geodesic acoustic mode theory, which can give the physical mechanism of disruption. The proposed theory has not only been confirmed by experimental data of disruption on T-10 device, but also can explain many related phenomena around plasma disruption, filling the gap in physical mechanism of tokamak plasma disruption.
Development of a portable smart Glucometer with two electrode bio-electronic test strip patch based on Cu/Au/rGO/PEDOT:PSS
Authors: Monfared Dehbali Masoomeh , Farahmandpour Milad , Hamedi Samaneh , Kordrostami Zoheir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractToday, the importance of blood sugar monitoring in diabetic patients has created a global need to develop new glucometers. This article presents the fabrication of a portable smart glucometer for monitoring blood glucose with high sensitivity. The glucometer employs a bio-electronic test strip patch fabricated by the structure of Cu/Au/rGO/PEDOT: PSS on interdigitated electrodes. We demonstrate that this structure based on two-electrode can be superior to the three-electrode electrochemical test strips available in the market. It has good electro-catalytic properties that indicate high-performance sensing of blood glucose. The proposed bio-electronic glucometer can surpass the commercial electrochemical test strips in terms of response time, detection range, and limit of detection. Electronic modules used for the fabrication of smart glucometers, such as a power supply, analog to digital converter, OLED screen, and, wireless transmission module, are integrated onto a printed circuit board and packaged as a bio-electronics glucometer, enabling the comfortable handling of this blood glucose monitoring. The characteristics of active layers biosensors were investigated by SEM, and AFM. The glucometer can monitor glucose in the wide detection range of 0–100 mM, the limit of detection (1 µM) with a sensitivity of 5.65 mA mM−1 and excellent sensing performance such as high selectivity, high reproducibility, and good stability of fabricated test strips. With 11 human blood and serum samples, the glucometer demonstrated high clinical accuracy with the best value of RSD of 0.012.
Towards optimised extracellular vesicle proteomics from cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Kangas Petra , Nyman Tuula A. , Metsähonkala Liisa , Burns Cameron , Tempest Robert , Williams Tim , Karttunen Jenni , Jokinen Tarja S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe proteomic profile of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can reveal novel biomarkers for diseases of the brain. Here, we validate an ultrafiltration combined with size-exclusion chromatography (UF-SEC) method for isolation of EVs from canine CSF and probe the effect of starting volume on the EV proteomics profile. First, we performed a literature review of CSF EV articles to define the current state of art, discovering a need for basic characterisation of CSF EVs. Secondly, we isolated EVs from CSF by UF-SEC and characterised the SEC fractions by protein amount, particle count, transmission electron microscopy, and immunoblotting. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Using proteomics, SEC fractions 3–5 were compared and enrichment of EV markers in fraction 3 was detected, whereas fractions 4–5 contained more apolipoproteins. Lastly, we compared starting volumes of pooled CSF (6 ml, 3 ml, 1 ml, and 0.5 ml) to evaluate the effect on the proteomic profile. Even with a 0.5 ml starting volume, 743 ± 77 or 345 ± 88 proteins were identified depending on whether ‘matches between runs’ was active in MaxQuant. The results confirm that UF-SEC effectively isolates CSF EVs and that EV proteomic analysis can be performed from 0.5 ml of canine CSF.
Text information hiding and recovery via wavelet digital watermarking method
Authors: Xiaohui Zhou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccording to the wavelet digital watermarking method, wavelet text hiding algorithm is presented for hiding some text information in a signal with white noises and the corresponding recovery algorithm is also presented for obtaining text information from a synthesized signal. Firstly, wavelet text hiding algorithm is introduced and an example is given for demonstrating how to hide text information in a signal s with a white noise ε, where s = f(x) + ε and f(x) is a function such as sin x, cos x and so on. A synthesized signal $$\tilde{s}$$

s
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can be obtained by wavelet text hiding algorithm. Then, the corresponding text recovery approach is also introduced and the text information is recovered from the synthesized signal $$\tilde{s}$$

s
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by an example. Some figures of the example are shown that the wavelet text hiding algorithm and its recovery are feasible. Moreover, the roles of wavelet function, noise, embedding mode and embedding position are analyzed in the text information hiding and recovering, and it implicates its security. 1000 groups of English texts with different lengths are chosen for illustrating computational complexity and running time of the algorithms. The social application of this approach is explained by a system architecture figure. Finally, some future directions are discussed for our follow-up study.
Dating young open clusters using δ Scuti stars
Authors: Pamos Ortega D. , Mirouh G. M. , García Hernández A. , Suárez Yanes J. C. , Barceló Forteza S. 
Published: June 2023

Aims. The main goal of this work is to date young open clusters using δ Sct stars. Seismic indices such as the large separation and the frequency at maximum power can help constrain the models to better characterise the stars. We propose a reliable method to identify some radial modes, which would give us greater confidence in the constraints placed on the models.
Methods. We extracted the frequency content of a sample of δ Sct stars belonging to the same open cluster. We estimated the low-order large separation by means of different techniques and the frequency at maximum power for each member of the sample. We used a grid of models built with the typical parameters of δ Sct stars, including mass, metallicity, and rotation as independent variables, and we determined the oscillation modes. We selected the observed frequencies whose ratios match those of the models. Once we established a range of radial modes matching the observed frequencies, mainly the fundamental mode, we added it to the other seismic parameters to derive the stellar ages. Assuming star groups have a similar chemistry and age, we estimated their mean ages by computing a weighted probability density function fit to the age distribution of the seismically constrained models.
Results. We estimated the age of Trumpler 10 to be 30−20+30 Myr and that of Praesepe to be 580 ± 230 Myr. In this latter case, we find two apparent populations of δ Sct stars in the same cluster, one at 510 ± 140 Myr and another at 890 ± 140 Myr. This may be due to two different stellar formation events, a variety of rotational velocities among the members in our sample of stars (as rapid rotation may modify the observed large separation) or membership to unresolved binary systems.