bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When a common future for all enters the science classroom
Authors: Jónsdóttir Guðrún , Byhring Anne Kristine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEven though sustainable development concerns a common future for all, cultural diversity is often absent from teaching and educational policy documents on education for sustainable development in Norway. We present a dialogue sequence from a science class. The empirical material originates from a nine-month ethnographic classroom study in an upper secondary urban classroom in Norway. Our aim is to provide awareness of how plurality and diversity aspects of a sustainable future might widen pedagogical approaches to education. We used critical thematic analysis, theories of dialogic space and the concept of othering to examine the dialogue. In the dialogue sequence, the students used their own life experiences, representing different backgrounds, to give personal voice to three kinds of groups: we as citizens in the Norwegian welfare state, we with personal primary experiences from outside Norway and we as ‘foreigners’ in the gaze of others. During the conversation, the focus moved from others as needing assistance and as a burden towards common responsibility. Social and economic issues, comprising the local and the global, were addressed through personal narratives. The students started the conversation from a reformative approach on sustainable development, which seems to be in line with Norwegian school policy and practice on the topic. From that perspective they emphasised the need for knowledge and information as an important part of a sustainable future. During the conversation, the focus shifted, it's as if they began to doubt.
Can Teleworking Improve Workers’ Job Satisfaction? Exploring the Roles of Gender and Emotional Well-Being
Authors: Lu Zhuofei , Zhuang Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the rise of teleworking during the past decades, the impacts of teleworking on job satisfaction have been extensively debated. Teleworking might benefit workers by improving work-life balance and emotional well-being, but it also brings considerable challenges. This study empirically investigates the impacts of teleworking on workers’ enjoyment across daily working episodes and job satisfaction and its gendered patterns, using Ordinary Least Squares regressions and the latest nationally representative time-use survey data in the UK. Moreover, it uses the Karlson/Holm/Breen (KHB) decomposition method to examine the role of enjoyment at work in mediating the associations between teleworking and job satisfaction. Overall, this study yields two major findings. First, among men, teleworkers tend to have higher levels of enjoyment at work and job satisfaction, but this is not the case for women. Second, around 46% of teleworking’s positive impacts on men’s job satisfaction can be explained by higher levels of enjoyment at work. Taken together, by integrating different theoretical perspectives on teleworking, gender and emotional well-being, this study provides interdisciplinary insights into the nuanced social consequences of teleworking, highlights the disadvantaged position of women in the use of teleworking, and demonstrates the need to enhance emotional well-being in future labour market policies.
Efficacy of recanalization therapy for ischemic stroke: multicenter hospital network experience
Authors: Briganti Francesco , Tortora Mario , Tortora Fabio , Elefante Andrea , Loiudice Giovanni , Marseglia Mariano , Buono Giuseppe , Rizzuti Michele , Iodice Rosa , Manganelli Fiore , Diurno Francesco , Numis Fabio Giuliano , Ferrara Luigi , Bruno Carlo , Bresciani Alessandro , Caranci Ferdinando , Franco Donatella , Vaiano Carlo , D’Onofrio Gaetano , Scala Pasquale , Raucci Rosa , Silvestro Eufrasia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability with high mortality rate in the first year after the event. In Campania, mechanical thrombectomy treatment significantly increases in the last 3 years, as well as hospitals delivering acute stroke treatments. The aim of this study is to demonstrate how a full opening of our stroke network improves stroke management and stroked patients’ survival in Campania.

Material and methods
In Federico II University Hospital of Naples acting as a HUB center of 7 peripheral SPOKE hospitals in regional territory, 68 patients with acute ischemic stroke were evaluated with NIHSS and m-RS clinical scores and neuroradiological ASPECT scores, from January 1 to December 31, 2021. At hospital discharge, NIHSS score and three months after m-RS score were re-assessed to evaluate the therapeutic effects.

Results
Forty-two of 68 patients (63%) admitted to our hub center had ischemic acute stroke at CT evaluation; 29 patients had ASPECT score > 7 (69%), and 6 a score < 7 (14%). At admission, NIHSS score mean value was 10.75, and m-RS score mean value was 0.74. At discharge, NIHSS score mean value was 7.09. After three months, m-RS score mean value was 0.74.

Discussion
The inter-company agreement between Federico II University and several peripheral hospitals allows an absolute and relative increase in endovascular mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis procedures, with a relative prevalence of mechanical thrombectomy. A regional implementation of the stroke multi-disciplinary care system is hardly needed to ensure the optimum treatment for the largest number of patients, improving patient’s outcome.
Disentangling the black box around CEO and financial information-based accounting fraud detection: machine learning-based evidence from publicly listed U.S. firms
Authors: Schneider Moritz , Brühl Rolf 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the predictive power of CEO characteristics on accounting fraud utilizing a machine learning approach. Grounded in upper echelons theory, we show the predictive value of widely neglected CEO characteristics for machine learning-based accounting fraud detection in isolation and as part of a novel combination with raw financial data items. We employ five machine learning models well-established in the accounting fraud literature. Diverging from prior studies, we introduce novel model-agnostic techniques to the accounting fraud literature, opening further the black box around the predictive power of individual accounting fraud predictors. Specifically, we assess CEO predictors concerning their feature importance, functional association, marginal predictive power, and feature interactions. We find the isolated CEO and combined CEO and financial data models to outperform a no-skill benchmark and isolated approaches by large margins. Nonlinear models such as Random Forest and Extreme Gradient Boosting predominantly outperform linear ones, suggesting a more complex relationship between CEO characteristics, financial data, and accounting fraud. Further, we find CEO Network Size and CEO Age to contribute second and third strongest towards the best model’s predictive power, closely followed by CEO Duality. Our results indicate U-shaped, L-shaped, and weak L-shaped associations for CEO Age, CEO Network Size, CEO Tenure, and accounting fraud, consistent with our superior nonlinear models. Lastly, our empirical evidence suggests that older CEOs who are not simultaneously serving as chairman and CEOs with an extensive network and high inventory are more likely to be associated with accounting fraud.
Real-world efficacy and prognostic factors of lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitors in 378 unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Yang Xu , Chen Bowen , Wang Yanyu , Wang Yunchao , Long Junyu , Zhang Nan , Xue Jingnan , Xun Ziyu , Zhang Linzhi , Cheng Jiamin , Lei Jin , Sun Huishan , Li Yiran , Lin Jianzhen , Xie Fucun , Wang Dongxu , Pan Jie , Hu Ke , Guan Mei , Huo Li , Shi Jie , Yu Lingxiang , Zhou Lin , Zhou Jinxue , Lu Zhenhui , Yang Xiaobo , Mao Yilei , Sang Xinting , Lu Yinying , Zhao Haitao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Combining lenvatinib with a programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor has been explored for the treatment of un-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). This study aimed to investigate the real-world efficacy of and prognostic factors for survival associated with lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor treatment in a large cohort of Asian uHCC patients even the global LEAP-002 study failed to achieve the primary endpoints.

Methods
Patients with uHCC treated with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors were included. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were the objective response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AEs). Prognostic factors for survival were also analyzed.

Results
A total of 378 uHCC patients from two medical centers in China were assessed retrospectively. The median patient age was 55 years, and 86.5% of patients were male. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (89.9%) was the dominant etiology of uHCC. The median OS was 17.8 (95% confidence interval (CI) 14.0–21.6) months. The median PFS was 6.9 (95% CI 6.0–7.9) months. The best ORR and disease control rate (DCR) were 19.6% and 73.5%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, Child‒Pugh grade, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score, involved organs, tumor burden score, and combination with local therapy were independent prognostic factors for OS. A total of 100% and 57.9% of patients experienced all-grade and grade 3/4 treatment-emergent AEs, respectively.

Conclusion
This real-world study of lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor treatment demonstrated long survival and considerable ORRs and DCRs in uHCC patients in China. The tolerability of combination therapy was acceptable but must be monitored closely.
Vaginal dilator use more than 9 months is a main prognostic factor for reducing G2‑late vaginal complications in 3D‑vaginal‑cuff brachytherapy (interventional radiotherapy)?
Authors: Zhang Yaowen , Noorian Faegheh , Abellana Rosa , Rochera José , Herreros Antonio , Antelo Gabriela , Lancellotta Valentina , Tagliaferri Luca , Han Qian , Torne Aureli , Rovirosa Angeles 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Analyse the impact of different prognostic factors on G2-late vaginal complications after vaginal brachytherapy (VBT) ± external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in postoperative endometrial cancer (PEC).

Methods
One hundred and twenty-six PEC patients treated with VBT ± EBRT were retrospectively analysed considering age, body mass index, applicator diameter, clinical target volume (CTV), use of dilators, chemotherapy and EQD2(α/β=3) at the most exposed 2 cm3 of the CTV as prognostic factors for vaginal complications. Late vaginal complications were evaluated using objective LENT-SOMA criteria. Statistics: descriptive analysis, Chi-square, Fisher and Student tests were applied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with the Baptista–Pike exact method and multiple logistic regression.

Results
Mean age was 65 years (SD ± 10), and median follow-up was 66 months (8–104). 19/126 patients (15%) showed G2-late vaginal complications, and 107/126 (85%) G0–G1. Univariate analysis showed: CTV ≤ 9 cm3 (p = 0.036), use of dilators < 9 months (p = 0.015), and total ≥ 68 Gy EQD2 received by 2 cm3 of CTV (p = 0.039) were associated with G2-late vaginal toxicity. Multivariate analysis showed the use of dilators < 9 months as an independent prognostic factor for G2-late vaginal toxicity (p = 0.043, OR 8.59, CI 1.59–159.9).

Conclusion
The use of dilators < 9 months in VBT ± EBRT for PEC was an independent prognostic factor for G2-late vaginal toxicity. The use of vaginal dilators ≥ 9 months requires further analysis in studies evaluating late vaginal toxicity.
Modifications of bijective S-Boxes with linear structures
Authors: Nyberg Kaisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVarious systematic modifications of vectorial Boolean functions have been used for finding new previously unknown classes of S-boxes with good or even optimal differential uniformity and nonlinearity. In this paper, a new general modification method is given that preserves the bijectivity property of the function in case the inverse of the function admits a linear structure. A previously known construction of such a modification based on bijective Gold functions in odd dimension is a special case of the new method.
Dragon’s Blood: antioxidant properties for nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals
Authors: Peres Isabella S. A. , Conceição Kiara A. O. , Silva Larissa A. F. , Khouri Nadia G. , Yoshida Cristiana M. P. , Concha Viktor O. C. , Lucarini Massimo , Durazzo Alessandra , Santini Antonello , Souto Eliana B. , Severino Patricia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPlants are the source of a large spectrum of phytochemicals, and the combined and concerted action of biologically active compounds lead to the potential beneficial properties of each plant matrix. A great attention is being addressed over the years toward herbs and medicinal plants. Dragon’s Blood is a reddish resin oil extracted from Croton lechleri tree. It has been extensively used by indigenous cultures of the Amazon River since ancient times due to the beneficial nutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties. This perspective aims at providing a current framework on Dragon’s Blood with focus on antioxidant properties for nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals in a novelty integrated and multidisciplinary manner, highlighting the current knowledge, the main research lines, and emerging strategies. A literature quantitative research analysis approach was applied as starting point. The literature search was carried out by means of the Scopus database; 365 documents have been retrieved in the year range from 1854 to 2021, and a total of 269 terms were identified. Among the top-recurring keywords appear: unclassified drug, nonhuman, plant extract/s, Dragon’s Blood, dracaena, Dragon Blood, chemistry, human, animal/s, plant resin. Source, chemical composition, potential nutraceutical, and therapeutical applications of Dragon’s Blood are discussed here. The anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antidiarrheals, anticancer, antirheumatic, antiseptic, and antioxidant activities identified in the Dragon’s Blood extracts can open novel perspectives for its use in food and pharmaceutical industries. While different bioactive compounds have already been identified in Dragon’s Blood extract, only a few studies can be found in literature.
Enabling soil carbon farming: presentation of a robust, affordable, and scalable method for soil carbon stock assessment
Authors: van der Voort Tessa Sophia , Verweij Sven , Fujita Yuki , Ros Gerard H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe main hurdle in instrumentalizing agricultural soils to sequester atmospheric carbon is the development of methods to measure soil carbon stocks which are robust, scalable, and widely applicable. Our objective is to develop an approach that can help overcome these hurdles. In this paper, we present the Wageningen Soil Carbon STOck pRotocol (SoilCASTOR). SoilCASTOR uses a novel approach fusing satellite data, direct proximal sensing-based soil measurements, and machine learning to yield soil carbon stock estimates. The method has been tested and applied in the USA on fields with agricultural land use. Results show that the estimates are precise and repeatable and that the approach could be rapidly scalable. The precision of farm C stocks is below 5% enabling detection of soil organic carbon changes desired for the 4 per 1000 initiative. The assessment can be done robustly with as few as 0.5 sample per hectare for farms varying from 20 to 150 hectares. These findings could enable the structural implementation of carbon farming.
Performance of galactomannan testing from endotracheal aspirate to guide bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis
Authors: Dichtl Karl , Barry Rachel , Angstwurm Matthias W. A. , Suerbaum Sebastian , Wagener Johannes 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Invasive aspergillosis is a major threat to immunocompromised individuals. Galactomannan (GM) is used as a biomarker for invasive aspergillosis. Investigations recommended in current guidelines include GM testing of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids. GM testing of endotracheal aspirate, the sampling of which is less invasive, less resource-intensive and less aerosol-generating, is not validated. We compared the performance of endotracheal aspirate GM as a screening tool to predict BAL fluid GM-positivity in patients with suspected invasive aspergillosis.

Methods
Of each patient, a pair of corresponding endotracheal aspirate and BAL fluid samples was tested and compared for GM results. Two sample sets were included. The first consisted of 140 consecutive BAL fluid/endotracheal aspirate pairs obtained from 133 patients. The pairs of the second sample set (n = 38) were selected based on the criterion that the BAL tested positive for GM. All specimens were obtained in a German 2,000 bed tertiary care center.

Results
Among BAL fluid GM-positive samples, endotracheal aspirate GM demonstrated poor specificity (72%) but high sensitivity (92% in predicting BAL fluid GM of ≥ 0.50 and 91% for BAL fluid GM of ≥ 1.00) and an excellent negative predictive value (98%). The use of a marginally elevated cutoff of 0.63 resulted in an improved specificity (72–81%), without loss of sensitivity.

Conclusions
For screening purposes, one might consider testing endotracheal aspirate for GM, which could help avoid unnecessary BAL.
2D Materials Boost Advanced Zn Anodes: Principles, Advances, and Challenges
Authors: Zheng Songhe , Zhao Wanyu , Chen Jianping , Zhao Xiaoli , Pan Zhenghui , Yang Xiaowei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc-ion battery (ZIB) featuring with high safety, low cost, environmentally friendly, and high energy density is one of the most promising systems for large-scale energy storage application. Despite extensive research progress made in developing high-performance cathodes, the Zn anode issues, such as Zn dendrites, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution, have been observed to shorten ZIB’s lifespan seriously, thus restricting their practical application. Engineering advanced Zn anodes based on two-dimensional (2D) materials are widely investigated to address these issues. With atomic thickness, 2D materials possess ultrahigh specific surface area, much exposed active sites, superior mechanical strength and flexibility, and unique electrical properties, which confirm to be a promising alternative anode material for ZIBs. This review aims to boost rational design strategies of 2D materials for practical application of ZIB by combining the fundamental principle and research progress. Firstly, the fundamental principles of 2D materials against the drawbacks of Zn anode are introduced. Then, the designed strategies of several typical 2D materials for stable Zn anodes are comprehensively summarized. Finally, perspectives on the future development of advanced Zn anodes by taking advantage of these unique properties of 2D materials are proposed.
The Role of Vanes in the Damping of Bird Feathers
Authors: Deng Kai , Rajabi Hamed , Kovalev Alexander , Schaber Clemens F. , Dai Zhendong , Gorb Stanislav N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBird feathers sustain bending and vibrations during flight. Such unwanted vibrations could potentially cause noise and flight instabilities. Damping could alter the system response, resulting in improving quiet flight, stability, and controllability. Vanes of feathers are known to be indispensable for supporting the aerodynamic function of the wings. The relationship between the hierarchical structures of vanes and the mechanical properties of the feather has been previously studied. However, still little is known about their relationship with feathers’ damping properties. Here, the role of vanes in feathers’ damping properties was quantified. The vibrations of the feathers with vanes and the bare shaft without vanes after step deflections in the plane of the vanes and perpendicular to it were measured using high-speed video recording. The presence of several main natural vibration modes was observed in the feathers with vanes. After trimming vanes, more vibration modes were observed, the fundamental frequencies increased by 51–70%, and the damping ratio decreased by 38–60%. Therefore, we suggest that vanes largely increase feather damping properties. Damping mechanisms based on the morphology of feather vanes are discussed. The aerodynamic damping is connected with the planar vane surface, the structural damping is related to the interlocking between barbules and barbs, and the material damping is caused by the foamy medulla inside barbs.
The atlas of variation in healthcare Brazil: remarkable findings from a middle-income country
Authors: Diegoli Henrique , Makdisse Marcia , Magalhães Pedro , Gray Muir 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Brazil’s Universal Health System is the world’s largest and covers every citizen without out-of-pocket costs. Nonetheless, healthcare inequities across regions have never been systematically evaluated.

Methods
We used government databases to compare healthcare resource utilization, outcomes, expenditure, and years of life lost between 2016 and 2019. The maps used patients’ residences as reference and adjusted for age and private health insurance coverage.

Results
The Atlas shows that for several comparisons, there were no procedures in some regions, including primary coronary angioplasty, thrombolysis for stroke, bariatric surgery, and kidney transplant. Colonoscopy varied 1481.2-fold, asthma hospitalizations varied 257.5-fold, and mammograms varied 133.9-fold. Cesarean births ranged from 19.5% to 84.0%, and myocardial infarction and stroke case-fatalities were 1.1% to 33.7% and 5.0% to 39.0%, respectively. Higher private health insurance coverage in each region was associated with increased resource utilization in the public system in most comparisons.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrate that the SUS does not fulfill the Brazilian constitutional rights due to underutilization, overutilization, and access disparities. The Atlas outlines multiple opportunities to generate value in the SUS.
A deep reinforcement learning-based approach to onboard trajectory generation for hypersonic vehicles
Authors: Bao C.Y. , Zhou X. , Wang P. , He R.Z. , Tang G.J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn onboard three-dimensional (3D) trajectory generation approach based on the reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm and deep neural network (DNN) is proposed for hypersonic vehicles in glide phase. Multiple trajectory samples are generated offline through the convex optimisation method. The deep learning (DL) is employed to pre-train the DNN for initialising the actor network and accelerating the RL process. Based on the offline deep policy deterministic actor-critic algorithm, a flight target-oriented reward function with path constraints is designed. The actor network is optimised by the end-to-end RL and policy gradients of the critic network until the reward function converges to the maximum. The actor network is considered as the onboard trajectory generator to compute optimal control values online based on the real-time motion states. The simulation results show that the single-step online planning time meets the real-time requirements of onboard trajectory generation. The significant improvement in terminal accuracy of the online trajectory and the better generalisation under biased initial states for hypersonic vehicles in glide phase is observed.