bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CircGNB1 drives osteoarthritis pathogenesis by inducing oxidative stress in chondrocytes
Authors: Liang Yi , Shen Lifeng , Ni Weiyu , Ding Yuhong , Yang Wentao , Gu Tianyuan , Zhang Chenfeng , Yik Jasper H. N. , Haudenschild Dominik R. , Fan Shunwu , Shen Shuying , Hu Ziang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have risen to prominence as important regulators of biological processes. This study investigated whether circGNB1 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate the pathological process of oxidative stress in age‐related osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThe relationship between circGNB1 expression and oxidative stress/OA severity was determined in cartilages from OA patients at different ages. The biological roles of circGNB1 in oxidative stress and OA progression, and its downstream targets were determined using gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments in various biochemical assays in human chondrocytes (HCs). The in vivo effects of circGNB1 overexpression and knockdown were also determined using a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model.ResultsIncreased circGNB1 expression was detected in HCs under oxidative and inflammatory stress and in the cartilage of older individuals. Mechanistically, circGNB1 sponged miR‐152‐3p and thus blocked its interaction with its downstream mRNA target, ring finger protein 219 (RNF219), which in turn stabilized caveolin‐1 (CAV1) by preventing its ubiquitination at the K47 residue. CircGNB1 inhibited IL‐10 signalling by antagonizing miR‐152‐3p‐mediated RNF219 and CAV1 inhibition. Consequently, circGNB1 overexpression promoted OA progression by enhancing catabolic factor expression and oxidative stress and by suppressing anabolic genes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, circGNB1 knockdown alleviated the severity of OA, whereas circGNB1 overexpression had the opposite effect in a DMM mouse model of OA.ConclusionCircGNB1 regulated oxidative stress and OA progression via the miR‐152‐3p/RNF219/CAV1 axis. Modulating circGNB1 could be an effective strategy for treating OA.
Resilience of riparian vegetation productivity to early 21st century drought in northern California, USA
Authors: Selmants Paul C. , Conrad Caelan R. , Wilson Tamara S. , Villarreal Miguel L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDrought and intensive land use can interact as stressors on riparian vegetation, especially along rivers flowing through seasonally dry landscapes. Knowledge of past riparian vegetation response to drought and land use change can provide land managers with a better understanding of changes induced by upstream management actions, climate change, and chronic stressors. To investigate the response of riparian vegetation productivity to drought and land use, we developed a 21‐year time series (2000–2020) of growing season vegetation dynamics using near‐infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRV) derived from satellite data across 30 watershed subbasins that drain into the San Francisco Bay Delta in central California, USA. We observed a strong response of riparian vegetation to drought, but rapid recovery and very few long‐term declines in productivity. At a local level, vegetation communities' response to drought and post‐drought productivity dynamics were highly variable across biophysical settings and land use gradients. Most of the riparian areas with long‐term declines in NIRV were located in the lower elevation Coast Range on the western side of the study area where there is little to no water engineering or agricultural irrigation runoff to subsidize riparian vegetation. Riparian areas with the greatest long‐term increase were along rivers draining the higher elevation Sierra Nevada range to the east. Our results suggest that river systems with a high proportion of water originating as snowmelt may be more buffered against long‐term drought‐driven declines in productivity than those dependent exclusively on winter rainfall. The long‐term increase in NIRV in the vast majority of riparian areas within our study area may also have been driven in part by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations, which have been shown to increase plant water use efficiency.
Impedance‐based remote monitoring in patients with heart failure and concomitant chronic kidney disease
Authors: Wintrich Jan , Pavlicek Valerie , Brachmann Johannes , Bosch Ralph , Butter Christian , Oswald Hanno , Rybak Karin , Mahfoud Felix , Böhm Michael , Ukena Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsRemote monitoring (RM) of thoracic impedance represents an early marker of pulmonary congestion in heart failure (HF). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may promote fluid overload in HF patients. We investigated whether concomitant CKD affected the efficacy of impedance‐based RM in the OptiLink HF trial.Methods and resultsAmong HF patients included in the OptiLink HF trial, time to the first cardiovascular hospitalization and all‐cause death according to the presence of concomitant CKD was analysed. CKD was defined as GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at enrolment. Of the 1002 patients included in OptiLink HF, 326 patients (33%) had HF with concomitant CKD. The presence of CKD increased transmission of telemedical alerts (median of 2 (1‐5) vs. 1 (0–3); P = 0.012). Appropriate contacting after alert transmission was equally low in patients with and without CKD (57% vs. 59%, P = 0.593). The risk of the primary endpoint was higher in patients with CKD compared with patients without CKD (hazard ratio (HR), 1.62 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16–2.28]; P = 0.005). Impedance‐based RM independently reduced primary events in HF patients with preserved renal function, but not in those with CKD (HR 0.68 [95% CI, 0.52–0.89]; P = 0.006).ConclusionsThe presence of CKD in HF patients led to a higher number of telemedical alert transmissions and increased the risk of the primary endpoint. Inappropriate handling of alert transmission was commonly observed in patients with chronic HF and CKD. Guidance of HF management by impedance‐based RM significantly decreased primary event rates in patients without CKD, but not in patients with CKD.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use and the effects of empagliflozin on clinical outcomes in patients admitted for acute heart failure: Findings from EMPULSE
Authors: Ferreira João Pedro , Blatchford Jonathan P. , Teerlink John R. , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Angermann Christiane E. , Biegus Jan , Collins Sean P. , Tromp Jasper , Nassif Michael E. , Psotka Mitchell A. , Comin‐Colet Josep , Mentz Robert J. , Brueckmann Martina , Nordaby Matias , Ponikowski Piotr , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: August 2023

AimsIn patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF) empagliflozin produced greater clinical benefit than placebo. Many patients with AHF are treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). The interplay between empagliflozin and MRAs in AHF is yet to be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin versus placebo according to MRA use at baseline in the EMPULSE trial (NCT04157751).Methods and resultsIn this analysis all comparisons were performed between empagliflozin and placebo, stratified by baseline MRA use. The primary outcome included all‐cause death, heart failure events, and a ≥5 point difference in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) total symptom score at 90 days, assessed using the win ratio (WR). First heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death was a secondary outcome. From the 530 patients randomized, 276 (52%) were receiving MRAs at baseline. MRA users were younger, had lower ejection fraction, better renal function, and higher KCCQ scores. The primary outcome showed benefit of empagliflozin irrespective of baseline MRA use (WR 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.97 and WR 1.27, 95% CI 0.93–1.73 in MRA users and non‐users, respectively; interaction p = 0.52). The effect of empagliflozin on first heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death was not modified by MRA use (hazard ratio [HR] 0.58, 95% CI 0.30–1.11 and HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.47–1.52 in MRA users and non‐users, respectively; interaction p = 0.39). Investigator‐reported and severe hyperkalaemia events were infrequent (<6%) irrespective of MRA use.ConclusionsIn patients admitted for AHF, initiation of empagliflozin produced clinical benefit and was well tolerated irrespective of background MRA use. These findings support the early use of empagliflozin on top of MRA therapy in patients admitted for AHF.
In Honor of Prof. Dr. Dr. hc Rainer Streubel
Authors: Helten Holger , Waterman Rory 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRainer Streubel's significant contribution to the field of low‐valent phosphorous chemistry has had a great impact on the field. This special collection was assembled to honor Prof. Streubel on the occasion of his retirement. The central theme is the beauty of inorganic chemistry.
Damage evolution characteristics of heterogeneous fractured sandstone reservoir under different fracturing fluids
Authors: Xu Ke , Zhang Hui , Zhang Zhizhen , Yin Guoqing , Shang Xiaoji , Wang Zhimin , Wang Haiying , Yuan Fang , Qian Ziwei , Lai Shujun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo investigate the coupling effect of in situ stress and fluid pore pressure and the propagation law of damaged area during hydraulic fracturing and gas fracturing in heterogeneous fractured reservoirs, according to the effective stress principle and the smooth Rankine stress criterion, this paper establishes a coupled fluid–solid‐damage mathematical model of heterogeneous rock layers and carries out numerical simulations on the characteristic field changes of rock layers under water and nitrogen fracturing. The results show that the continuous injection of nitrogen or water can cause an increase in pore pressure in natural fractures and rock matrices, leading to rock damage and an increase in porosity. Under the same parameters, the damage area and length of the rock mass during nitrogen fracturing are larger than those of hydraulic fracturing, and the changes in pore pressure, permeability, and porosity are consistent with the damage area. The pore pressure near the connected natural fractures is relatively high, resulting in tensile strain; the pore pressure at isolated fractures is relatively low, and some even produce compressive strain. During nitrogen fracturing, the damage evolution is less affected by the in situ stress and the matrix permeability, while hydraulic fracturing is more affected by them. The damage area is the smallest when the horizontal in situ stress is equal. When the initial permeability of the matrix is low, the damaged area mainly follows the natural fractures and is distributed in a strip shape. As the permeability of the matrix increases, the fracturing fluid can enter the matrix, and the damaged area is in the shape of a block.
CSF1R inhibition at chronic stage after spinal cord injury modulates microglia proliferation
Authors: Perez Jean‐Christophe , Poulen Gaetan , Cardoso Maida , Boukhaddaoui Hassan , Gazard Chloé Marie , Courtand Gilles , Bertrand Sandrine Sylvie , Gerber Yannick Nicolas , Perrin Florence Evelyne 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) induces irreversible autonomic and sensory‐motor impairments. A large number of patients exhibit chronic SCI and no curative treatment is currently available. Microglia are predominant immune players after SCI, they undergo highly dynamic processes, including proliferation and morphological modification. In a translational aim, we investigated whether microglia proliferation persists at chronic stage after spinal cord hemisection and whether a brief pharmacological treatment could modulate microglial responses. We first carried out a time course analysis of SCI‐induced microglia proliferation associated with morphological analysis up to 84 days post‐injury (dpi). Second, we analyzed outcomes on microglia of an oral administration of GW2580, a colony stimulating factor‐1 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor reducing selectively microglia proliferation. After SCI, microglia proliferation remains elevated at 84 dpi. The percentage of proliferative microglia relative to proliferative cells increases over time reaching almost 50% at 84 dpi. Morphological modifications of microglia processes are observed up to 84 dpi and microglia cell body area is transiently increased up to 42 dpi. A transient post‐injury GW2580‐delivery at two chronic stages after SCI (42 and 84 dpi) reduces microglia proliferation and modifies microglial morphology evoking an overall limitation of secondary inflammation. Finally, transient GW2580‐delivery at chronic stage after SCI modulates myelination processes. Together our study shows that there is a persistent microglia proliferation induced by SCI and that a pharmacological treatment at chronic stage after SCI modulates microglial responses. Thus, a transient oral GW2580‐delivery at chronic stage after injury may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic SCI patients.
The synaptic vesicle protein Mover/TPRG1L is associated with lipid droplets in astrocytes
Authors: Krohn Jeremy , Domart Florelle , Do Thanh Thao , Dresbach Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCrucial brain functions such as neurotransmission, myelination, and signaling pose a high demand for lipids. Lipid dysregulation is associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Astrocytes protect neurons from lipid induced damage by accumulating and metabolizing toxic lipids in organelles called lipid droplets (LDs). LDs have long been considered as lipid storage compartments in adipocytes, but less is known about their biogenesis and composition in the brain. In particular, proteins covering the LD surface are not yet fully identified. Here, we report that the presynaptic protein Mover/TPRG1L, which regulates the probability of neurotransmitter release in neurons, is a component of the LD coat in astrocytes. Using conventional and super‐resolution microscopy, we demonstrate that Mover surrounds naive and oleic acid induced astrocytic LDs. We confirm the identity of astrocytic LDs using the neutral lipid stains Bodipy and LipidTox, as well as immunofluorescence for perilipin‐2, a known component of the LD coat. In astrocytes, recombinant Mover was sufficient to induce an accumulation of LDs. Furthermore, we identified point mutations that abolish targeting to LDs and show similarities in the required binding sequences for association to the presynapse and LDs. Our results show that Mover is not only a presynaptic protein but also a candidate for LD regulation. This highlights the dual role of Mover in synaptic transmission and regulation of astrocytic LDs, which may be particularly important in the context of lipid‐related neurological disorders.
The π‐Molecular Complex of Biphenylene and Tetracyanoethylene
Authors: Dobszay Rita , Mayer Péter J. , Holczbauer Tamás , Kunfi Attila , Stirling András , London Gábor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe investigation of the biphenylene (BP)‐tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) π‐molecular complex is reported. The first study on this complex appeared in 1961 and was considered as a charge transfer complex with a symmetric, co‐planar arrangement of the components. Moreover, it was assumed that this arrangement is not only dictated by the formation of a Mulliken‐type donor‐acceptor complex, but also by the electronic stabilization of the ‘cyclobutadieneoid’ central ring of biphenylene through complex formation. Yet, crystal structure and associated computational analysis have not verified these predictions so far. We found that factors other than charge‐transfer interactions are most influential in the crystal formation. The low association constant in solution, and the weak interaction between the components in the 1 : 1 crystal structure point towards the low contribution of charge transfer interactions to their binding. Nevertheless, the presence of these interaction is hinted by the color of its solution and verified by theoretical calculations. Furthermore, Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) calculations were carried out to characterize potential changes in the (anti)aromatic character of BP upon complex formation. The NICS(0) values of the rings of BP exhibit tiny changes both in the BP‐TCNE dimer and in the crystal, which also suggests weak electronic interactions between them.
Challenging assumptions underlying physical activity promotion for health care professionals in Australia: A data‐prompted interview study
Authors: Kwasnicka Dominika , Potthoff Sebastian , Hagger Martin S. , Vandelanotte Corneel , Rebar Amanda , Short Camille E. , Crook Dawn , Gardner Benjamin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedInterventions targeting health care professionals' behaviours are assumed to support them in learning how to give behavioural advice to patients, but such assumptions are rarely examined. This study investigated whether key assumptions were held regarding the design and delivery of physical activity interventions among health care professionals in applied health care settings. This study was part of the ‘Physical Activity Tailored intervention in Hospital Staff’ randomised controlled trial of three variants of a web‐based intervention.MethodsWe used data‐prompted interviews to explore whether the interventions were delivered and operated as intended in health care professionals working in four hospitals in Western Australia (N = 25). Data were analysed using codebook thematic analysis.ResultsFive themes were constructed: (1) health care professionals' perceived role in changing patients' health behaviours; (2) work‐related barriers to physical activity intervention adherence; (3) health care professionals' use of behaviour change techniques; (4) contamination between groups; and (5) perceptions of intervention tailoring.ConclusionsThe intervention was not experienced by participants, nor did they implement the intervention guidance, in the way we expected. For example, not all health care professionals felt responsible for providing behaviour change advice, time and shift constraints were key barriers to intervention participation, and contamination effects were difficult to avoid.So What?Our study challenges assumptions about how health care professionals respond to behaviour change advice and possible knock‐on benefits for patients. Applying our learnings may improve the implementation of health promotion interventions in health care settings.
Clinical efficacy of probiotics in prevention of infectious diseases among hospitalized patients in ICU and non‐ICU wards in clinical randomized trials: A systematic review
Authors: Darbandi Atieh , Banar Maryam , Koupaei Maryam , Afifirad Roghayeh , Asadollahi Parisa , Bafandeh Elnaz , Rasooli Iraj , Emamie Amir , Navidifar Tahereh , Owlia Parviz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe present study aimed to review probiotics' clinical efficacy in preventing infectious diseases among hospitalized patients in ICU and non‐ICU wards.MethodsA search of Medline, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Open Grey, and Google Scholar was conducted for eligible publications from 2002 to 2020 following the requirements outlined in the PRISMA guideline. The search strategy was based on the combination of the following terms: “probiotics,” “prebiotics,” “synbiotics,” and “cross‐infection.” The logical operators “AND” (or the equivalent operator for the databases) and “OR” (e.g., probiotics OR prebiotics OR synbiotics) were used.ResultsThe results indicated that the probiotic consumption caused a significant reduction in antibiotic‐associated diarrhea (AAD) and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in 2/8 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating AAD/CDI. Also, 5/12 clinical trials highlighted the considerable effects of probiotics on the reduction or prevention of ventilator associated pneumoniae (VAP), so the mean prevalence of VAP was lower in the probiotic group than in the placebo group. The total rate of nosocomial infections among preterm infants was nonsignificantly higher in the probiotic group compared to the control group.ConclusionThis systematic review shows that the administration of probiotics has moderate preventive or mitigating effects on the occurrence of VAP in ICU patients, CDI, AAD, and nosocomial infections among children. Consequently, applying antibiotics along with the proper probiotic species can be advantageous.
Comparison of outcomes of open and laparoscopic appendectomy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Basukala Sunil , Thapa Niranjan , Bhusal Ujwal , Shrestha Oshan , Karki Sagun , Regmi Shiva K. , Shah Kunda B. , Shah Aasish 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOpen appendectomy has been the conventional choice of treatment for acute appendicitis. However, nowadays laparoscopic approach is emerging for the benefits it provides, like lesser postoperative pain and lesser duration of hospital stay, but at the cost of higher expenses and longer operative duration.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was done at Shree Birendra Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021, with a total study population of 450 participants (300 in open appendectomy and 150 in laparoscopic appendectomy). Preoperative. Intraoperative and postoperative parameters were compared and analyzed between two groups using SPSS‐25.ResultsThe mean age was 26.72 ± 9.70 in the open appendectomy (OA) and years 23.89 ± 6.32 in the laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) group. (p = 0.010) There was a significant difference between the mean operative time (46.08 ± 13.10 min in OA and 56.86 ±  11.70 min in LA, p = 0.000), length of hospital stay (1.28 ± 0.80 days in OA and 1.07 ±  0.25 days in LA, p = 0.000), course of oral analgesics (3.55 ± 0.68 days in OA and 3.00 days in LA p = 0.000) between OA groups and LA groups, while the total number of complications was less in the LA group however there was no statistically significant difference postoperative complications (p = 0.124) between the two groups in the surgical findings.ConclusionAll in all, the laparoscopic approach is a better option for uncomplicated appendicitis due to its less postoperative pain and shorter duration of hospital stay.