bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of ACT24 Version 2.0 for Estimating Behavioral Domains, Active and Sedentary Time
Authors: KEADLE SARAH KOZEY , PATEL SHREYA , BERRIGAN DAVID , CHRISTOPHER CAMI N. , HUANG JEFFERY , SAINT-MAURICE PEDRO F. , LOFTFIELD ERIKKA , MATTHEWS CHARLES E. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the criterion validity of Activities Completed over Time (ACT24), an automated previous-day recall tool designed for mobile devices for 1) estimating sedentary versus active time compared with an activPAL, and 2) estimating time spent in activity domains (e.g., work, household, leisure) compared with direct observation (DO).

Methods
Over a 7-d study period, 53 participants were sent invitations to complete three automated ACT24 recalls and to wear an activPAL device. A subset (N = 24) consented to two, 3-h video-recorded DO sessions. activPAL and ACT24 data were matched by date, and agreement for sedentary versus active time was compared between methods using paired t-tests for mean differences and spearman correlations. We compared DO and ACT24 results by domain for overall time use and separately for sedentary and active time using κ statistics and tested mean differences with linear mixed models.

Results
Compared with the activPAL, the mean difference in ACT24 sedentary time was 1.9% (mean (95% confidence interval), −0.17 (−0.75 to 0.40) h·d−1), and the mean difference for ACT24 active time was 2.2% (0.14 (−0.32 to 0.60) h·d−1). Correlations were R = 0.61 (95% confidence interval, 0.39 to 0.76) and R = 0.65 (0.44 to0.78) for sedentary and active time, respectively. Domain-specific agreement was substantial for leisure-time, work, and shopping/errands (κ range, 0.63–0.79), moderate for transportation (κ = 0.49), and fair for personal care and household activities (κ = 0.24 and 0.33). ACT24 estimates of average time within each domain were not significantly different from DO.

Conclusions
The present study confirms that ACT24 is accurate for group-level estimation of active and sedentary time. Domain-specific agreement tended to be higher for more commonly reported activities and those that were of longer duration.
Information Disclosure and Promotion Policy Design for Platforms
Authors: Gur Yonatan , Macnamara Gregory , Morgenstern Ilan , Saban Daniela 
Published: February 2023

We consider a platform facilitating trade between sellers and buyers with the objective of maximizing consumer surplus. Even though in many such marketplaces, prices are set by revenue-maximizing sellers, platforms can influence prices through (i) price-dependent promotion policies that can increase demand for a product by featuring it in a prominent position on the web page and (ii) the information revealed to sellers about the value of being promoted. Identifying effective joint information design and promotion policies is a challenging dynamic problem as sellers can sequentially learn the promotion value from sales observations and update prices accordingly. We introduce the notion of confounding promotion policies, which are designed to prevent a Bayesian seller from learning the promotion value (at the expense of the short-run loss of diverting some consumers from the best product offering). Leveraging these policies, we characterize the maximum long-run average consumer surplus that is achievable through joint information design and promotion policies when the seller sets prices myopically. We then construct a Bayesian Nash equilibrium, in which the seller’s best response to the platform’s optimal policy is to price myopically in every period. Moreover, the equilibrium we identify is platform optimal within the class of horizon-maximin equilibria, in which strategies are not predicated on precise knowledge of the horizon length and are designed to maximize payoff over the worst-case horizon. Our analysis allows one to identify practical long-run average optimal platform policies in a broad range of demand models. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, revenue management and market analytics. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4677 .
REGIME INTERNACIONAL DO INVESTIMENTO E COMÉRCIO: PERSPECTIVAS DE APROXIMAÇÃO / INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT REGIME AND TRADE: PROSPECTS FOR THEIR APPROXIMATION
Authors: Paulino Bonnomi Natália , Nilsen Ribeiro Barza Eugênia Cristina 
Published: January 2023

Resumo: O presente artigo trata do regime internacional do investimento, em especial sua intersecção com o comércio internacional. O principal objetivo do artigo é, a partir de uma análise do histórico de disciplinamento conjunto do investimento e do comércio na seara internacional, demonstrar as perspectivas dessa regulamentação e verificar seus impactos para o regime internacional de investimento. A técnica de pesquisa adotada pelo artigo é a bibliográfica, em que serão explorados tanto a doutrina especializada na temática quanto os acordos internacionais de investimento e de comércio. Serão estudados: (i) os principais acordos internacionais de investimento; (ii) as tentativas de negociação multilateral em investimento e comércio; e (iii) a regulamentação de investimento e comércio na forma de acordos preferenciais de comércio, em particular os mega-acordos regionais de comércio. Conclui-se que tem havido uma tendência de aproximação entre investimento e comércio no contexto de acordos preferenciais de comércio, o que não necessariamente tem contribuído para a redução de inconsistências no regime internacional do investimento.Palavras-chave: Investimento. Comércio internacional. Multilateralismo. Acordos preferenciais de comércio. Mega-acordos regionais de comércio. Abstract: This article deals with the international investment regime, in particular with its interaction with international trade. The main objective of this article is, from the analysis of the history of the international disciplines on investment and trade, to demonstrate the perspectives for this regulation and to verify its impacts on the international investment regime. The research method is the bibliographic technique, through which the literature and international agreements on investment and trade will be examined. The article studies: (i) the main international investment agreements; (ii) the attempts of multilateral negotiations on investment and trade; and (iii) the regulation of investment and trade through preferential trade agreements, specially mega-regional trade agreements. It was concluded that there is a tendency of approximation between investment and trade in preferential trade agreements, which does not necessarily contribute to the reduction of inconsistencies in the international investment regime.Keywords: Investment. International trade. Multilateralism. Preferential trade agreements. Mega-regional trade agreements.
Synovial fluid neutrophil extracellular traps could improve the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Cai Yuanqing , Liang Jialin , Chen Xiaoqing , Zhang Guangyang , Jing Zhaopu , Zhang Rupeng , Lv Leifeng , Zhang Wenming , Dang Xiaoqian 
Published: January 2023

AimsThis study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of synovial fluid neutrophil extracellular traps (SF-NETs) in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnosis, and compare it with that of microbial culture, serum ESR and CRP, synovial white blood cell (WBC) count, and polymorphonuclear neutrophil percentage (PMN%).MethodsIn a single health centre, patients with suspected PJI were enrolled from January 2013 to December 2021. The inclusion criteria were: 1) patients who were suspected to have PJI; 2) patients with complete medical records; and 3) patients from whom sufficient synovial fluid was obtained for microbial culture and NET test. Patients who received revision surgeries due to aseptic failure (AF) were selected as controls. Synovial fluid was collected for microbial culture and SF-WBC, SF-PNM%, and SF-NET detection. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of synovial NET, WBC, PMN%, and area under the curve (AUC) were obtained; the diagnostic efficacies of these diagnostic indexes were calculated and compared.ResultsThe levels of SF-NETs in the PJI group were significantly higher than those of the AF group. The AUC of SF-NET was 0.971 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.903 to 0.996), the sensitivity was 93.48% (95% CI 82.10% to 98.63%), the specificity was 96.43% (95% CI 81.65% to 99.91%), the accuracy was 94.60% (95% CI 86.73% to 98.50%), the positive predictive value was 97.73%, and the negative predictive value was 90%. Further analysis showed that SF-NET could improve the diagnosis of culture-negative PJI, patients with PJI who received antibiotic treatment preoperatively, and fungal PJI.ConclusionSF-NET is a novel and ideal synovial fluid biomarker for PJI diagnosis, which could improve PJI diagnosis greatly. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(2):113–120.
Partially Recursively Induced Structured Moderation (PRISM) for modeling racial differences in endometrial cancer survival
Authors: Rao J. Sunil , Kobetz Erin , Yu Huilin , Baeker-Bispo Jordan , Bailey Zinzi 
Published: January 2023

PurposeHealth disparities are driven by a complex interplay of determinants operating across multiple levels of influence. However, while recognized conceptually, much disparities research fails to capture this inherent complexity in study focus and/or design; little of such work accounts for the interplay across the multiple levels of influence from structural (contextual) to biological or clinical. We developed a novel modeling framework that addresses these challenges and provides new insights.MethodsWe used data from the Florida Cancer Data System on endometrial cancer patients and geocoded-derived social determinants of health to demonstrate the applicability of a new modeling paradigm we term PRISM regression. PRISM is a new highly interpretable tree-based modeling framework that allows for automatic discovery of potentially non-linear hierarchical interactions between health determinants at multiple levels and differences in survival outcomes between groups of interest, including through a new specific area-level disparity estimate (SPADE) incorporating these multilevel influences.ResultsPRISM demonstrates that hierarchical influences on racial disparity in endometrial cancer survival appear to be statistically relevant and that these better predict survival differences than only using individual level determinants. The interpretability of the models allows more careful inspection of the nature of these hierarchical effects on disparity. Additionally, SPADE estimates show distinct geographical patterns across census tracts in Florida.ConclusionPRISM can provide a powerful new modeling framework with which to better understand racial disparities in cancer survival.
Safety and efficacy of pulmonary physiotherapy in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (PPTCOVID study): A prospective, randomised, single-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Javaherian Mohammad , Shadmehr Azadeh , Keshtkar Abbasali , Beigmohammadi Mohammad Taghi , Dabbaghipour Narges , Syed Aabis , Attarbashi Moghadam Behrouz 
Published: January 2023

Background
Pulmonary physiotherapy (PPT) is an important treatment in the management of patients with different types of pulmonary disorders. We aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of PPT in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods
In this randomised, single-blind, controlled trial, we enrolled hospitalized, non-intubated patients (18 to 75 years with oxygen saturation (Spo2) in free-air breathing ≤90%) with COVID-19 pneumonia at a referral hospital. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive PPT (six sessions PPT with breathing exercises and airway clearance techniques) or basic care. The primary outcomes were venous blood O2 (pO2) and CO2 (pCO2) pressures, Spo2, and three-minute walking test (3MWT) that were assessed before and end of sixth session. Secondary outcomes included level of dyspnea, venous blood PH, one-month mortality, three-month mortality and short form-36 (SF-36) after one and three months. The assessor was blinded to the assignment. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04357340).

Findings
In April-May 2020, 40 participants were randomly assigned to PPT or basic care groups. While at the end of intervention, pO2 (adjusted mean difference to baseline measure (AMD) 6.43 mmHg [95%CI 2.8, 10.07], P<0.01), Spo2 (AMD 4.43% [95%CI 2.04, 6.83], P = 0.0011), and 3MTW (AMD 91.44 m [95%CI 68.88, 113.99], P<0.01) were higher in PPT group and basic care group, pCO2 was not improved (AMD -2.1 mmHg [95%CI-6.36, 2.21], P = 0.33). Based on the logistic model adjusted to baseline Spo2, the risks of mortality were reduced 81% ([95%CI: 97% reduction to 30% increase], P = .09) and 84% ([95%CI 74% reduction to 5% increase], P = .06) at one-month and three-month, respectively. There were no significant differences in most SF-36 domains scores after one and three months. No serious adverse event was observed during PPT sessions.

Conclusion
Early PPT can be considered a safe and relatively effective therapeutic choice for patients with severe COVID-19.
Design and validation of equations for weight estimation in adolescents
Authors: Coracini Daniel Meyer , Detregiachi Cláudia Rucco Penteado , Barbalho Sandra Maria , Teixeira Daniel De Bortoli 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionMeasuring weight is difficult to be carried out in bedridden people, with physical deformity or in emergency units. Under these circumstances, one option is to estimate the weight.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to propose and validate equations for estimating the weight of Brazilian adolescents based on anthropometric variables related to body weight.MethodsThe study was developed based on a database created from data collection of a primary project, which had information from 662 Brazilian adolescents (10 to 19 years old). Based on the variables sex, age (days), weight (kg), height (m) and neck circumference (NC) (cm), equations for estimating weight of adolescents were proposed. The formulas were proposed after performing multiple linear regression models and subsequently tested and validated using appropriate statistical tests, considering 99% confidence.ResultsTwo formulas were generated, the “Rucco Formulas—Adolescents”, one for girls: -131.63091 + (0.00209 × A) + (37.57813 × H) + (3.71482 x NC) and another for boys: - 15.2854 + (-0.00414 × A)+ (14.30315 × H2)+ (0.04888 x NC2). Statistical test (R2) indicated that the proposed formulas are suitable for estimating weight. Low values of REQM and high values of CCI (> 0.8) also reinforce the quality of the proposed formulas.ConclusionsThe current weight of adolescents can be estimated with adequate accuracy and precision using sex-specific “Rucco Formulas—Adolescents”, generated from regression models using only three predictor variables.
Efficacy and safety of ursodeoxycholic acid in children with cholestasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Liang , Li Siyu , Chen Jingjing , Zhu Yu , Lan Ke , Zeng Linan , Jiang Xuehua , Zhang Lingli 
Published: January 2023

Objectives
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the main therapeutic drug for cholestasis, but its use in children is controversial. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ursodeoxycholic acid in children with cholestasis.

Methods
We searched Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP from the establishment of databases to July 2022. Eligible studies included Chinese or English randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy and safety of no UDCA (placebo or blank control) and UDCA in children with cholestasis. This study had been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022354052).

Results
A total of 32 RCTs proved eligible, which included 2153 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that UDCA could improve symptoms of children with cholestasis (risk ratio 1.24, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.29; moderate quality of evidence), and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and total bile acid (low quality of evidence). For some children with specific cholestasis, UDCA could also effectively drop serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis) and γ-glutamyl transferase (infantile hepatitis syndrome, parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis). The most common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of UDCA in children were gastrointestinal adverse reactions, with an incidence of 10.63% (67/630). There was no significant difference in the incidence of ADRs between UDCA and placebo/blank control groups (risk difference 0.03, 95%CI -0.01 to 0.06; moderate quality of evidence), and among children taking different UDCA doses (P = 0.27).

Conclusion
The available short-term evidence showed that UDCA was effective and safe for children with cholestasis. Clinicians should use UDCA with caution (start with a low dose) until the long-term effect is further explored in future larger RCTs.
Inhibition of mycobacteria proliferation in macrophages by low cisplatin concentration through phosphorylated p53-related apoptosis pathway
Authors: Bao Jiajia , He Yonglin , Yang Chun , Lu Nan , Li Anlong , Gao Sijia , Hosyanto Felycia Fernanda , Tang Jialing , Si Junzhuo , Tang Xia , Fu Huichao , Xu Lei 
Published: January 2023

Background
Drug resistance is a prominent problem in the treatment of tuberculosis, so it is urgent to develop new anti- tuberculosis drugs. Here, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of cisplatin (DDP) on intracellular Mycobacterium smegmatis to tap the therapeutic potential of DDP in mycobacterial infection.

Results
Macrophages infected with Mycobacterium smegmatis were treated with DDP alone or combined with isoniazid or rifampicin. The results showed that the bacterial count in macrophages decreased significantly after DDP (≤ 6 μg/mL) treatment. When isoniazid or rifampicin was combined with DDP, the number of intracellular mycobacteria was also significantly lower than that of isoniazid or rifampicin alone. Apoptosis of infected cells increased after 24 h of DDP treatment, as shown by flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy detection. Transcriptome sequencing showed that there were 1161 upregulated and 645 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control group and DDP treatment group. A Trp53-centered protein interaction network was found based on the top 100 significant DEGs through STRING and Cytoscape software. The expression of phosphorylated p53, Bax, JAK, p38 MAPK and PI3K increased after DDP treatment, as shown by Western blot analysis. Inhibitors of JAK, PI3K or p38 MAPK inhibited the increase in cell apoptosis and the reduction in the intracellular bacterial count induced by DDP. The p53 promoter Kevetrin hydrochloride scavenges intracellular mycobacteria. If combined with DDP, Kevetrin hydrochloride could increase the effect of DDP on the elimination of intracellular mycobacteria. In conclusion, DDP at low concentrations could activate the JAK, p38 MAPK and PI3K pathways in infected macrophages, promote the phosphorylation of p53 protein, and increase the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, leading to cell apoptosis, thus eliminating intracellular bacteria and reducing the spread of mycobacteria.

Conclusion
DDP may be a new host-directed therapy for tuberculosis treatment, as well as the p53 promoter Kevetrin hydrochloride.
Fake Geek Girls: Fandom, Gender, and the Convergence Culture Industry, Suzanne Scott (2019)
Authors: Boyle Amy 
Published: January 2023

Review of: Fake Geek Girls: Fandom, Gender, and the Convergence Culture Industry, Suzanne Scott (2019)
New York: New York University Press, 302 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-47987-957-1, p/bk, $30.00
Factors Associated With Placebo Treatment Response in Functional Dyspepsia Clinical Trials
Authors: Jones Michael P. , Guthrie-Lyons Liam , Sato Yuri A. , Talley Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Controlling for potential placebo effects is an important aspect of gaining an accurate estimate of how much the therapy alone changes patient symptoms or other end points. When the placebo effect is large, this can lead to only a small fraction of changes seen in the active therapy group being attributed to the therapy itself. This problem has been well studied in some disorders of brain-gut interaction but not in functional dyspepsia where placebo response rates of 40% and higher have been reported. Understanding risk factors for placebo response might lead to changes in trial design that could reduce the magnitude of the problem. This study sought to identify risk factors for the placebo effect in a functional dyspepsia clinical trial with a longer-term aim of suggesting trial design changes that might minimize the problem.

METHODS:
A secondary analysis of the clinical trial data was undertaken using 2 arms deemed to involve placebo therapy. Potential predictors were drawn from a wide range of patient characteristics including psychological, clinical, and physiological features.

RESULTS:
Predictors of a stronger placebo effect on the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale included higher functional dyspepsia symptom burden at baseline (b = −0.101), coexisting irritable bowel syndrome (b = −0.436), and higher scores on the Nepean Dyspepsia Index eat/drink domain (−0.005). Baseline symptom burden and coexisting irritable bowel syndrome were found to be independent placebo predictors, explaining 13% of the variance in change in gastrointestinal symptom rating scale. Anxiety, childhood sexual abuse, sleep amount, and frequent abdominal pain were also found to be predictors of change in individual symptom scores.

DISCUSSION:
The findings of this study yield actionable insights into trial methodology that may help to reduce the magnitude of the placebo effect in future functional dyspepsia treatment trials.