bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Experimental Designs to Study Entrepreneurship Education: A Historical Overview, Critical Evaluation of Current Practices in the Field, and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Englis Basil G. , Frederiks Arjan J. 
Published: March 2023

Over the last 20 years, there has been growing interest among scholars in conducting experiments in entrepreneurship education. In this paper, we first discuss how experiments as a research method have moved from the natural sciences into the social sciences and how the social sciences, including the educational sciences, have helped to address the challenges of using experiments in studying human behavior. Through the lens of the methodological advances made by the social sciences regarding conducting experiments, we systematically review the literature on entrepreneurship education research that has used experimental designs. By reviewing this literature, we provide an overview of what has and has not yet been studied using experimental designs and which type of experimental designs have been commonly used. Next, we critically evaluate current practices – both good and bad. Based on our critical assessment of the use of experimental designs in the field of entrepreneurship education research, we not only provide a future research agenda and call for experiments that (1) are more theory-driven; (2) answer more ambitious research questions, and (3) use more robust designs, but we also provide several paths forward for experimentalists with an interest in entrepreneurship education to do so.
Re-investigation of ‘minasgeraisite-(Y)’ from the Jaguaraçu pegmatite, Brazil and high-temperature crystal chemistry of gadolinite-supergroup minerals
Authors: Vereshchagin Oleg S. , Gorelova Liudmila A. , Shagova Anastasia K. , Kasatkin Anatoly V. , Škoda Radek , Bocharov Vladimir N. , Vlasenko Natalia S. , Vašinová Galiová Michaela 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe chemical composition (including B, Be and Li), the Raman spectrum and the crystal-structure evolution (at the temperature range 27–1000°C) of a Mn-bearing, Bi-rich gadolinite-subgroup mineral from the Jaguaraçu Pegmatite, Brazil (type-locality of minasgeraisite-(Y)) was studied. Elemental mapping revealed that the crystal investigated has complex chemical zonation with various Bi (~8–24 wt.% Bi2O3), Ca (~8–10 wt.% CaO) and Y (~11–17 wt.% Y2O3) content. The sample investigated has all the specific features of the chemical composition of minasgeraisite-(Y), except Ca excess and, thus, should be considered as hingganite-(Y). The Raman spectrum of the sample under study has bands at 140, 179, 243, 350, 446, 519, 559, 625, 902, 973, 3224, 3353, 3532 and 3763 cm–1, and is similar to that of hingganite-(Y) / -(Nd). Crystal-structure refinement confirmed that the crystal in question should be considered as hingganite-(Y) and is in line with the previously obtained data on gadolinite-subgroup minerals from the Jaguaraçu Pegmatite. High-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the mineral starts to decompose above 800°C. We can conclude that beryllosilicates are most stable at high-temperature conditions within the gadolinite supergroup and that species with a higher M-site occupancy have higher stability upon heating.
Individual phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins have distinct functions that do not involve lipid transfer activity
Authors: Zhao Liang , Thorsheim Chelsea L. , Suzuki Aae , Stalker Timothy J. , Min Sang H. , Krishnaswamy Sriram , Cockcroft Shamshad , Anderson Karen E. , Weiderhold Brittany , Abrams Charles S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Platelets use signal transduction pathways facilitated by class I phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs). The 2 mammalian class I PITPs, PITPα and PITPβ, are single PITP domain soluble proteins that are encoded by different genes and share 77% sequence identity, although their individual roles in mammalian biology remain uncharacterized. These proteins are believed to shuttle phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine between separate intracellular membrane compartments, thereby regulating phosphoinositide synthesis and second messenger formation. Previously, we observed that platelet-specific deletion of PITPα, the predominantly expressed murine PITP isoform, had no effect on hemostasis but impaired tumor metastasis formation and disrupted phosphoinositide signaling. Here, we found that mice lacking the less expressed PITPβ in their platelets exhibited a similar phenotype. However, in contrast to PITPα-null platelet lysates, which have impaired lipid transfer activity, PITPβ-null platelet lysates have essentially normal lipid transfer activity, although both isoforms contribute to phosphoinositide synthesis in vitro. Moreover, we found that platelet-specific deletion of both PITPs led to ex vivo platelet aggregation/secretion and spreading defects, impaired tail bleeding, and profound tumor dissemination. Our study also demonstrated that PITP isoforms are required to maintain endogenous phosphoinositide PtdInsP2 levels and agonist-stimulated second messenger formation. The data shown here demonstrate that the 2 isoforms are functionally overlapping and that a single isoform is able to maintain the homeostasis of platelets. However, both class I PITP isoforms contribute to phosphoinositide signaling in platelets through distinct biochemical mechanisms or different subcellular domains.
Interplay between hereditary and acquired factors determines the neutrophil counts in older individuals
Authors: Gagnon Marie-France , Provost Sylvie , Sun Maxine , Ayachi Sami , Buscarlet Manuel , Mollica Luigina , Szuber Natasha , Dubé Marie-Pierre , Busque Lambert 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Blood cell production is a complex process, partly genetically determined and influenced by acquired factors. However, there is a paucity of data on how these factors interplay in the context of aging, which is associated with a myeloid proliferation bias, clonal hematopoiesis (CH), and an increased incidence of myeloid cancers. We investigated hereditary and acquired factors underlying blood cell trait variability in a cohort of 2996 related and unrelated women from Quebec aged from 55 to 101 years. We performed a genome-wide association study, evaluated the impact of chronic diseases, and performed targeted deep sequencing of CH driver genes and X-chromosome inactivation (XCI)–based clonality analyses. Multivariable analyses were conducted using generalized linear mixed models. We document that aging is associated with increasing neutrophil and monocyte counts and decreasing lymphocyte counts. Neutrophil counts were influenced by the variants in the region of GSDMA and PSMD3-CSF3, but this association decreased with age; in parallel, older individuals with cardiometabolic comorbidities exhibited significantly higher neutrophil counts (4.1 × 109/L vs 3.83 × 109/L; P &lt; .001) than younger individuals. These age-related diseases were also associated with an increase in other myeloid-derived cells. Neither CH nor XCI clonality correlated with neutrophil counts. In conclusion, we show that neutrophil counts are genetically influenced, but as individuals age, this contribution decreases in favor of acquired factors. Aging is associated with a myeloid proliferation bias which is greater in the presence of cardiometabolic comorbidities but not of CH. These findings support that cell-extrinsic factors may contribute to the myeloid shift possibly through low-grade inflammation.
Research Progress in Preparation and Application of Photonic Crystals
Authors: Lv Xiaoren , Zhong Bing , Huang Yanfei , Xing Zhiguo , Wang Haidou , Guo Weiling , Chang Xueting , Zhang Zhinan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhotonic crystals are periodic structural materials that have an impact on the propagation properties of photons. Due to their excellent optical, electrical and magnetic properties, their advantages and potential for applications in the above areas are gradually emerging. Therefore, an increasing number of researchers have focused on photonic crystals. In this paper, the characteristics of biological photonic crystal structures, such as those found in butterfly wings, sea mouse bristles, peacock feathers, melon jellyfish epidermal cells, and weevil exoskeletons, are described. The preparation methods of photonic crystals are systematically summarized (including the template method, self-assembly technology, electron beam evaporation coating technology, chemical vapor deposition technology, femtosecond laser two-photon technology, spin coating technology, and a variety of technology mixing), and the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of the different methods are compared. Furthermore, the development of photonic crystals in the field of sensors, solar cells, filters, and infrared stealth is discussed, demonstrateing the great development potential of photonic crystals. It is concluded that the realization of photonic crystals with high precision, high sensitivity, angle independence, and large-area uniform preparation is a key problem requiring urgent solution. Moreover, photonic crystals have potential development prospects in the fields of equipment stealth, new concept weapons, production, an daily life.
A novel score to estimate thrombus burden and predict intracranial hypertension in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Wang Zhongao , Dandu Chaitu , Guo Yibing , Gao Meini , Lan Duo , Pan Liqun , Zhou Da , Ding Yuchuan , Ji Xunming , Meng Ran 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Current methods to evaluate the severity of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) lack patient-specific indexes. Herein, a novel scoring method was investigated to estimate the thrombus burden and the intracranial pressure (ICP) of CVST.

Methods
In this retrospective study from January 2019 through December 2021, we consecutively enrolled patients with a first-time confirmed diagnosis of CVST by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography (CE-MRV) or computed tomography venography (CTV). In these patients, a comprehensive CVST-Score was established using magnetic resonance black-blood thrombus imaging (MRBTI) to estimate the thrombus burden semi-quantitatively. The relationship between CVST-Score and ICP was explored to assess the potential of using the CVST-score to evaluate ICP noninvasively and dynamically.

Results
A total of 87 patients were included in the final analysis. The CVST-Scores in different ICP subgroups were as follows: 4.29±2.87 in ICP<250mmH2O subgroup, 11.36±3.86 in ICP =250-330mmH2O subgroup and 14.99±3.15 in ICP>330mmH2O subgroup, respectively (p<0.001). For patients with ICP ≤330mmH2O, the CVST-Score was linearly and positively correlated with ICP (R2=0.53). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed the optimal CVST-Score cut-off values to predict ICP ≥250mmH2O and >330mmH2O were 7.15 and 11.62, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated CVST-Score as an independent predictor of ICP ≥250mmH2O (odds ratio, 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.49-3.10; p<0.001).

Conclusions
A simple and noninvasive CVST-Score can rapidly estimate the thrombus burden and predict the severity of intracranial hypertension in patients with CVST. The CVST-Score can aid in evaluating therapeutic responses and avoiding unnecessary invasive procedures at long-term follow-up.

Graphical Abstract
Disentangling the Roles of Plant Water Status and Stem Carbohydrate Remobilization on Rice Harvest Index Under Drought
Authors: Dwivedi Sharad K. , Kumar Santosh , Natividad Mignon A. , Quintana Marinell R. , Chinnusamy Viswanathan , Henry Amelia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Harvest index is an important component of grain yield and is typically reduced by reproductive stage drought stress in rice. Multiple drought response mechanisms can affect harvest index including plant water status and the degree of stem carbohydrate mobilization during grain filling. In this study, we aimed to dissect the contributions of plant water status and stem carbohydrate mobilization to harvest index. Pairs of genotypes selected for contrasting harvest index but similar biomass and days to flowering were characterized at ICAR-RCER, Patna, India and at IRRI, Philippines.

Results
Multiple traits were related with harvest index across experiments, including mobilization efficiency at both sites as indicated by groupings in principal component analysis, and plant water status as indicated by direct correlations. Biomass-related traits were positively correlated with harvest index at IRRI but biomass was negatively correlated with harvest index at ICER-RCER, Patna. We observed that some pairs of genotypes showed differences in harvest index across environments, whereas other showed differences in harvest index only under drought. Of all time points measured when all genotypes were considered together, the stem carbohydrate levels at maturity were most consistently (negatively) correlated with harvest index under drought, but not under well-watered conditions. However, in the pairs of genotypes grouped as those whose differences in harvest index were stable across environments, improved plant water status resulted in a greater ability to both accumulate and remobilize stored carbohydrate, i.e. starch.

Conclusion
By distinguishing between genotypes whose harvest index was improved across conditions as opposed to specifically under drought, we can attribute the mechanisms behind the stable high-harvest index genotypes to be more related to stem carbohydrate remobilization than to plant water status. The stable high-harvest index lines in this study (Aus 257 and Wanni Dahanala) may confer mechanisms to improve harvest index that are independent of drought response and therefore may be useful for breeding improved rice varieties.
Study protocol of a telephone problem-solving intervention for Spanish-speaking caregivers of veterans post-stroke: an 8-session investigator-blinded, two-arm parallel (intervention vs usual care), randomized clinical trial
Authors: Freytes I. Magaly , Schmitzberger Magda K. , Rivera-Rivera Naiomi , Lopez Janet , Motta-Valencia Keryl , Wu Samuel S. , Orozco Tatiana , Hale-Gallardo Jennifer , Eliazar-Macke Nathaniel , LeLaurin Jennifer H. , Uphold Constance R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and the main cause of long-term disability in the United States. The significant risk factors of stroke among Hispanics are well-documented. The majority of stroke survivors return home following a stroke and are cared for by family caregivers. Due to the abrupt nature of strokes, caregivers experience unexpected changes and demands that oftentimes lead to caregiver burden and depression. Given the significant risk factors for stroke in Hispanics and the influence of culture in family norms and family management, we developed a telephone and online problem-solving intervention for Spanish-speaking stroke caregivers. This study tests the impact of a telephone and online problem-solving intervention for Spanish-speaking stroke caregivers on caregiver outcomes.

Methods
The design is a two-arm parallel randomized clinical trial with repeated measures. We will enroll 290 caregivers from 3 Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers. Participants randomized into the intervention arm receive a problem-solving intervention that uses telephone and online education and care management tools on the previously developed and nationally available RESCUE en Español Caregiver website. In the usual care group, participants receive the information and/or support caregivers of veterans with stroke normally receive through existing VA resources (e.g., stroke-related information and support). The primary outcome is change in caregiver’s depressive symptoms at 1- and 12-weeks post-intervention. Secondary outcomes include changes in stroke caregivers’ burden, self-efficacy, problem-solving, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and veterans’ functional abilities. We will also determine the budgetary impact, the acceptability of the intervention and participation barriers and facilitators for Spanish-speaking stroke caregivers.

Discussion
This is an ongoing study. It is the first known randomized controlled trial testing the effect of a telephone and online problem-solving intervention in Spanish for caregivers of veterans post-stroke. If successful, findings will support an evidence-based model that can be transported into clinical practice to improve the quality of caregiving post-stroke.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03142841— Spanish Intervention for Caregivers of Veterans with Stroke (RESCUE Español). Registered on February 23, 2018. Protocol version 8. 08.11.2022.
CT-based Hounsfield unit values reflect the degree of steatohepatitis in patients with low-grade fatty liver disease
Authors: Kim Ha Neul , Jeon Hong Jae , Choi Hei Gwon , Kwon In Sun , Rou Woo Sun , Lee Jeong Eun , Lee Tae Hee , Kim Seok Hyun , Lee Byung Seok , Shin Kyung Sook , Lee Hyun Jung , Eun Hyuk Soo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background/Aims
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide. Ultrasound, the most used tool for diagnosing NAFLD, is operator-dependent and shows suboptimal performance in patients with mild steatosis. However, few studies have been conducted on whether alternative noninvasive methods are useful for diagnosing mild hepatic steatosis. Also, little is known about whether noninvasive tests are useful for grading the severity of hepatic steatosis or the degree of intrahepatic inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the HSI, the FLI and HU values in CT could be used to discriminate mild hepatic steatosis and to evaluate the severity of hepatic steatosis or the degree of intrahepatic inflammation in patients with low-grade fatty liver disease using liver biopsy as a reference standard.

Methods
Demographic, laboratory, CT imaging, and histological data of patients who underwent liver resection or biopsy were analyzed. The performance of the HSI, HU values and the FLI for diagnosing mild hepatic steatosis was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Whether the degree of hepatic steatosis and intrahepatic inflammation could be predicted using the HSI, HU values or the FLI was also analyzed. Moreover, we validate the results using magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction as an another reference standard.

Results
The AUROC for diagnosing mild hepatic steatosis was 0.810 (p < 0.001) for the HSI, 0.732 (p < 0.001) for liver HU value, 0.802 (p < 0.001) for the difference between liver and spleen HU value (L-S HU value) and 0.813 (p < 0.001) for the FLI. Liver HU and L-S HU values were negatively correlated with the percentage of hepatic steatosis and NAFLD activity score (NAS) and significantly different between steatosis grades and between NAS grades. The L–S HU value was demonstrated the good performance for grading the severity of hepatic steatosis and the degree of intrahepatic inflammation.

Conclusions
The HU values on CT are feasible for stratifying hepatic fat content and evaluating the degree of intrahepatic inflammation, and the HSI and the FLI demonstrated good performance with high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing mild hepatic steatosis.
Therapeutic effects of resveratrol and Omega-3 in mice atherosclerosis: focus on histopathological changes
Authors: Mosavi Shamsi Sadat , Rabizadeh Soghra , Yadegar Amirhossein , Seifouri Sara , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Qahremani Reihane , Salehi Salome Sadat , Rajab Armin , Esteghamati Alireza , Nakhjavani Manouchehr 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundResveratrol and omega-3 have been shown to prevent atherosclerosis. However, histopathological changes and their comparison have not been studied well. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of resveratrol and omega-3 in experimental atherosclerosis of mice.MethodsWe divided sixty 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice into six groups and followed for 10 weeks: (1) standard diet, (2) atherogenic diet, (3) atherogenic diet along with resveratrol from the start of the sixth week, (4) atherogenic diet along with omega-3 from the start of the sixth week, (5) standard diet along with resveratrol from the start of the sixth week, (6) standard diet along with omega-3 from the start of the sixth week.ResultsThe mice fed on an atherogenic diet had a larger fat area and a thicker aortic wall thickness than mice fed on a standard diet. The use of omega-3 and resveratrol in the mice with an atherogenic diet resulted in a significantly reduced fat area (p-value = 0.003), and resveratrol had a significantly higher effect. Omega-3 or resveratrol induced a significant reduction in aortic wall thickness in mice on an atherogenic diet, and there was no significant difference between them. Among the mice with a standard diet, this study did not observe any significant changes in the fat area or the aortic wall thickness with the consumption of omega-3 or resveratrol.ConclusionsResveratrol and omega-3 had a regressive and therapeutic role in atherosclerosis, with a more significant effect in favor of resveratrol.
The influence of excessive stress on medical students in the Czech Republic – national sample
Authors: Palička M. , Rybář M. , Mechúrová B. , Paličková N. , Sobelová T. , Pokorná K. , Cvek J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The Czech Republic has been dealing with a long-term shortage of doctors, which, according to demographic forecasts, will continue to worsen due to the retirement of stronger generations of doctors in contrast to the gradual aging of the population, which will require more health care over time. The country´s political set is trying to respond to this shortage and demographic forecasts by gradually increasing financial funding of medical faculties with the aim of increasing the number of graduates of the program in the field of general medicine.

Methods
Anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among students and graduates of general medicine at all eight Czech medical faculties. A total of 3183 respondents participated in the survey. There were 2843 medical students, which represents approximately 28% of all medical students in the Czech Republic. The distribution of respondents within the study years was approximately even and approximately corresponded to the real distribution of students between individual faculties in country, which makes survey a national sample. The statistical processing was performed in the statistical software R. Apart from the basic comparison using percentage relative frequencies and Pearson´s chi-squared test, in this study we used Odds ratios (OR) with CI 0,95 from logistic regression model for a better interpretation of some outputs.

Results
The results show that the vast majority of Czech medical students experience excessive stress during their studies, which increases the risk of students´ somatic problems (OR = 4.89, CI 0.95 = (4.11;5.83), p < 0.001)., targeted alcohol use (OR = 2.29, CI 0.95 = (1.73;3.04), p < 0,001) and the use of anxiolytic or antidepressant medication to reduce it (OR = 2.99, CI 0.95 = (2.24;4.01), p < 0.001). Students experiencing higher levels of excessive stress are more likely to leave their studies based on their own decision (4.20 (CI 0.95 (3.39;5.19), p < 0.001) and not to enter clinical practice after graduation (OR = 2.62, CI 0.95 = (2.06;3.33), p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The survey shows the need for an open discussion at the highest level about the possibilities of reasonable reduction of unnecessary stress during medical studies. Medical students in the Czech Republic are exposed to excessive stress with all the consequences described above. All that remains is to state the existence of unnecessary components of stress, which represent an opportunity to reduce it, thereby achieving better conditions for studying, improvement in the staff situation in the Czech healthcare system and a reduction in inefficiently spent financial resources for the education of young doctors.

Trial registration
No registration.