bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macrophage Infiltration and ITGB2 Expression in ESCC: A Novel Correlation
Authors: Huang Tao , Wei Longqian , Zhou Huafu , Liu Jun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most prevalent and lethal malignancies worldwide. Despite progress in immunotherapy for cancer treatment, its application and efficacy in ESCC remain limited. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to explore potential molecules and therapeutic strategies related to tumor immunity in ESCC.MethodsIn this study, we integrated high‐throughput sequencing data, gene chip data, single‐cell sequencing data, and various bioinformatics analysis methods along with experimental approaches to identify key genes involved in immune infiltration in ESCC and investigate their relationship with immune cell development, as well as the potential of these key genes in immunotherapy.ResultsWe discovered and validated a positive correlation between macrophage infiltration and ITGB2 expression in ESCC. ITGB2 is overexpressed in ESCC and has potential as a prognostic biomarker for the disease. We present for the first time the finding that the expression of ITGB2 in infiltrating macrophages increases as these macrophages polarize toward a tumor‐promoting phenotype in ESCC. Moreover, during the progression of ESCC, ITGB2 expression in infiltrating macrophages is upregulated. The higher the expression of ITGB2, the more feasible it is to target macrophages. Additionally, we found that evaluating immune therapy responses in ESCC patients through ITGB2 expression is a viable approach. Furthermore, we identified three miRNAs associated with abnormal ITGB2 expression, providing insights into the upstream molecular interactions of ITGB2.ConclusionsMacrophage infiltration in ESCC is closely associated with ITGB2, which holds significant potential for immunotherapy applications in ESCC. Based on our findings and prior studies, we propose a novel hypothesis: inducing M1 macrophages in vitro, knocking out ITGB2, and then reinfusing these ITGB2‐knockout M1 macrophages into ESCC patients may represent a promising new immunotherapy strategy, providing a new avenue for ESCC immunotherapy.
High‐Performance Pd Cluster Catalyst Modified with N‐Doped Carbon for Multicomponent VOCs Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Zexu , Tao Jinxiong , Hao Zhixing , Zhou Xin , Hou Zhiquan , Deng Jiguang , Dai Hongxing , Liu Yuxi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe paint production sector emits both aromatic compounds and oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs). Supported palladium catalysts have demonstrated effective oxidation performance for each type of VOCs separately; however, the challenge persists in managing the competitive adsorption of different VOCs types on Pd‐based catalysts. In this study, we developed a nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC)‐modified TiO2‐supported catalyst featuring a highly dispersed, cluster‐type Pd structure created through in situ pyrolysis method, which offers more catalytic active sites than conventional nanoparticle catalysts. The catalyst's key characteristics, including high noble‐metal usage and an ideal Pd0/Pd2+ ratio, enhance its catalytic performance for multicomponent VOCs oxidation, reaching T90% values of 167 and 191 °C (at a space velocity of 40,000 mL/(g h)). Furthermore, the NC structure created through in situ pyrolysis technique aids in diminishing the inhibitive adsorption effect of ethyl acetate on o‐xylene and improves the catalyst's resistance to water. This research presents a promising approach for the rational design of highly dispersed Pd catalysts that have enhanced water resistance and offers new understanding in managing competitive adsorption for the efficient removal of multicomponent aromatic VOCs and OVOCs in complicated settings.
Polyethylene Functionalized with Imidazolium and Pyridinium Moieties through Radiation‐Induced Grafting for Alkaline Solid Polymer Electrolyte Membranes
Authors: Govind Bharath , Rattan Sunita , Singhal Prachi , Ameduri Bruno , Tyagi Ankit , Modak Arindam 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHydrocarbon‐based polymer electrolytes hold great promise for practical electrochemical device deployment but suffer from limitations such as ionic conductivity, alkaline stability, and hydrophobicity. This work reports a new membrane, LLDPE‐g‐1VIm/4VP, prepared by radiation grafting a binary mixture of 1‐vinyl imidazole and 4‐vinylpyridine onto linear low‐density polyethylene. Short branches in LLDPE are hypothesized to regulate water uptake, thus improving dimensional stability. Under optimized conditions, the membrane exhibits a relatively high ionic conductivity of 39.86 mS cm−1 at 70 °C, good mechanical strength, improved dimensional stability, and moderate alkaline stability even after 240 h at 60 °C under harsh conditions. Preliminary evaluations demonstrate their potential as solid polymer electrolytes for electrochemical energy applications, including alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells.
Colorimetric analysis of intraoral scans: A novel approach for detecting gingival inflammation
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Ahmed , Silva do Amaral Guilherme Castro Lima , Saraiva Luciana , Holzhausen Marinella , Mendes Fausto Medeiros , Pannuti Claudio Mendes , Stewart Bernal , Malheiros Zilson M. , Benítez Carlos , Nakao Laís Yumi Souza , Villar Cristina Cunha , Romito Giuseppe Alexandre 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundGingivitis, a widely prevalent oral health condition, affects up to 80% of the population. Traditional assessment methods for gingivitis rely heavily on subjective clinical evaluation. This study seeks to explore the efficacy of interpreting the color metrics from intraoral scans to objectively differentiate between healthy and inflamed gingiva.MethodsThis study used the percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP%) as the clinical reference standard. Intraoral scans, obtained before and after gingivitis treatment using a scanner, were analyzed through a custom MATLAB script to quantify HSV (hue, saturation, value) and CIELAB (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage L*a*b*) color coordinates. The region of interest was a 2‐mm‐wide gingival strip along the buccal margin of the maxillary anterior teeth. Linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between photometric outcomes and continuous, dichotomous, and categorical BOP data. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), as well as sensitivity and specificity measures.ResultsThe analysis included clinical and digital color data from 110 scans, adhering to the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. The multilevel linear regression analysis underscored a significant correlation between the BOP% and digital color metrics, specifically the CIELAB a* (red‐green chroma), CIELAB b* (yellow‐blue chroma), and color saturation, with AUC performances of 70%, 79.5%, and 80.8%, respectively.ConclusionDigital color analysis of intraoral scans has demonstrated a range of performance from acceptable to excellent in distinguishing sites with BOP. This innovative approach presents a promising tool for dentists and researchers in the accurate diagnosis, screening, and management of gingivitis.Plain Language SummaryOur study focuses on finding a better way to detect gingivitis, a common gum disease affecting many people. Traditional methods rely on the dentist's visual inspection, which can be subjective. We explored the use of color measurements from digital intraoral scans to objectively identify healthy versus inflamed gums. We analyzed 110 scans from 55 participants, examining the color differences in the gums before and after treatment. By measuring specific color values, we achieved up to 80.8% accuracy in distinguishing between healthy and inflamed gums. This method could offer a more reliable tool for dentists and researchers to diagnose and manage gingivitis, leading to better oral health outcomes.
Simultaneous multislice diffusion imaging using navigator‐free multishot spiral acquisitions
Authors: Jiang Yuancheng , Li Guangqi , Shao Xin , Guo Hua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeThis work aims to raise a novel design for navigator‐free multiband (MB) multishot uniform‐density spiral (UDS) acquisition and reconstruction, and to demonstrate its utility for high‐efficiency, high‐resolution diffusion imaging.Theory and MethodsOur design focuses on the acquisition and reconstruction of navigator‐free MB multishot UDS diffusion imaging. For acquisition, radiofrequency‐pulse encoding was used to achieve controlled aliasing in parallel imaging in MB imaging. For reconstruction, a new algorithm named slice–projection onto convex sets–enhanced inherent correction of phase errors (slice‐POCS‐ICE) was proposed to simultaneously estimate diffusion‐weighted images and intershot phase variations for each slice. The efficacy of the proposed methods was evaluated in both numerical simulation and in vivo experiments.ResultsIn both numerical simulation and in vivo experiments, slice‐POCS‐ICE estimated phase variations more precisely and provided results with better image quality than other methods. The intershot phase variations and MB slice aliasing artifacts were simultaneously resolved using the proposed slice‐POCS‐ICE algorithm.ConclusionThe proposed navigator‐free MB multishot UDS acquisition and reconstruction method is an effective solution for high‐efficiency, high‐resolution diffusion imaging.
Factor Structure and Measurement Invariances of the PHQ‐9 in Chinese Students Across Gender and Age
Authors: Cao Yanjing , Xu Chenchen , Lu Shan , Li Qi , Xiao Jing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe patient health questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) is widely utilized in assessing individuals' depression levels. Nevertheless, research regarding its factor structure and measurement invariance remains inadequate. The aim of this study was to delve into the factor structure of the PHQ‐9 and to further investigate its measurement invariance across gender and age as a prerequisite for its use in cross‐group comparisons. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on 7422 Chinese students to assess the best‐fitting factor structure of the PHQ‐9. Furthermore, a serial CFA was undertaken to investigate measurement invariance across genders and age groups. CFA confirmed the two‐factor model with the three items “sleep disturbance,” “fatigue,” and “appetite change” loading on somatic factor, and the other items loading on cognitive/affective factor as the best‐fit structure. Findings demonstrated that the PHQ‐9 had measurement invariance across gender and age. CFA and measurement invariance results support the application of the PHQ‐9 for assessing an individual's depression.
Natural products and long non-coding RNAs in prostate cancer: insights into etiology and treatment resistance
Authors: Elimam Hanan , Zaki Mohamed Bakr , Abd-Elmawla Mai A. , Darwish Hebatallah A. , Hatawsh Abdulrahman , Aborehab Nora M. , Mageed Sherif S. Abdel , Moussa Rewan , Mohammed Osama A. , Abdel-Reheim Mustafa Ahmed , Doghish Ahmed S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Globally, the incidence and death rates associated with cancer persist in rising, despite considerable advancements in cancer therapy. Although some malignancies are manageable by a mix of chemotherapy, surgery, radiation, and targeted therapy, most malignant tumors either exhibit poor responsiveness to early identification or endure post-treatment survival. The prognosis for prostate cancer (PCa) is unfavorable since it is a perilous and lethal malignancy. The capacity of phytochemical and nutraceutical chemicals to repress oncogenic lncRNAs and activate tumor suppressor lncRNAs has garnered significant attention as a possible strategy to diminish the development, proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of cancer cells. A potential technique to treat cancer and enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to existing conventional therapies is the use of phytochemicals with anticancer characteristics. Functional studies indicate that lncRNAs modulate drug resistance, stemness, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and proliferation via interactions with tumor suppressors and oncoproteins. Among them, numerous lncRNAs, such as HOTAIR, PlncRNA1, GAS5, MEG3, LincRNA-21, and POTEF-AS1, support the development of PCa through many molecular mechanisms, including modulation of tumor suppressors and regulation of various signal pathways like PI3K/Akt, Bax/Caspase 3, P53, MAPK cascade, and TGF-β1. Other lncRNAs, in particular, MALAT-1, CCAT2, DANCR, LncRNA-ATB, PlncRNA1, LincRNA-21, POTEF-AS1, ZEB1-AS1, SChLAP1, and H19, are key players in regulating the aforementioned processes. Natural substances have shown promising anticancer benefits against PCa by altering essential signaling pathways. The overexpression of some lncRNAs is associated with advanced TNM stage, metastasis, chemoresistance, and reduced survival. LncRNAs possess crucial clinical and transitional implications in PCa, as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as medicinal targets. To impede the progression of PCa, it is beneficial to target aberrant long non-coding RNAs using antisense oligonucleotides or small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). This prevents them from transmitting harmful messages. In summary, several precision medicine approaches may be used to rectify dysfunctional lncRNA regulatory circuits, so improving early PCa detection and eventually facilitating the conquest of this lethal disease. Due to their presence in biological fluids and tissues, they may serve as novel biomarkers. Enhancing PCa treatments mitigates resistance to chemotherapy and radiation.
Robust pig extraction using ground base depth images for automatic weight estimation
Authors: Win Khin Dagon , Kawasue Kikuhito , Tokunaga Tadaaki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dark colored pigs (Berkshire, Duroc, etc.) are widely recognized nationwide in Japan for their exceptional taste, with the southern Kyushu region being a renowned production area for these esteemed breeds. However, estimating the weight of these pigs using a camera presents a unique challenge. The key process in a camera-based weight estimation system is the precise extraction of the target pig from the background. Typically, cameras capture images from above, as the top-view images provide the most specific growth indicators. However, the image from above contains a ground image. Since Berkshire and Duroc pigs are black and red, respectively, they blend into the ground, making it difficult to accurately segment the pigs in the images. Thus, it is crucial to perfectly distinguish between the ground and the pigs. Therefore, a new extraction method is proposed to distinguish between the ground and pigs by converting depth data based on the pig's position. To enhance the efficiency of pig farming and alleviate the burden on workers, our goal is to develop a system that automatically measures the weight of Berkshire pigs for shipment without background interference. In this study, we installed the system at a Berkshire pig farm and demonstrated the effectiveness of this innovative extraction method for camera-based weight estimation.
Sometimes Small Is Beautiful: Discovery of the Janus Kinases (JAK) and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) Pathways and the Initial Development of JAK Inhibitors for IBD Treatment
Authors: Kaunitz Jonathan D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transfection (JAK/STAT) system is comprised of multiple cell surface receptors, receptor tyrosine kinases, and signal transducers that are key components of numerous systems involved in malignancy, inflammation, immune surveillance and development, cellular proliferation, metabolism, differentiation, apoptosis, and hematologic disorders, all of which when disrupted can produce severe disease. Nevertheless, small molecule inhibitors of the four known JAKs, termed JAKinibs, have found therapeutic indications for a broad category of diseases. In this perspective, I will summarize the development of JAK inhibitors, whose origins were in antiquity, with particular attention to their use in treating patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This perspective is accompanied by a companion publication addressing how JAKinibs have forever altered the landscape of IBD therapy.
Predicting odor concentration for environmental sustainability: a comparison among machine Learning methods
Authors: Palma Monica , Distefano Veronica , Giungato Giuseppina , Mazuruse Gideon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Odor emissions from a treatment plant is one of the major environmental issues that results in negative health consequences and repercussions on economic, commercial, and touristic activities. To address this problem an accurate assessment of the odor sources is of crucial interest. In this paper, different machine learning methods are applied to identify the most suitable model to estimate odor concentrations through the responses of a multiparametric system. It is observed that random forest regression method shows superior performance compared to the other methods. In this context, advanced data analytics technologies, such as machine learning methods, have provided data-driven decision-making capabilities to address the challenges that arise in the analysis and evaluation of a sustainable development. The findings of the proposed study can help implement proactive actions to minimize the effects of odors and prevent any potential health and environmental concerns.
Integrating the milk microbiome signatures in mastitis: milk-omics and functional implications
Authors: Reuben Rine Christopher , Torres Carmen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Mammalian milk contains a variety of complex bioactive and nutritional components and microorganisms. These microorganisms have diverse compositions and functional roles that impact host health and disease pathophysiology, especially mastitis. The advent and use of high throughput omics technologies, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, metametabolomics, as well as culturomics in milk microbiome studies suggest strong relationships between host phenotype and milk microbiome signatures in mastitis. While single omics studies have undoubtedly contributed to our current understanding of milk microbiome and mastitis, they often provide limited information, targeting only a single biological viewpoint which is insufficient to provide system-wide information necessary for elucidating the biological footprints and molecular mechanisms driving mastitis and milk microbiome dysbiosis. Therefore, integrating a multi-omics approach in milk microbiome research could generate new knowledge, improve the current understanding of the functional and structural signatures of the milk ecosystem, and provide insights for sustainable mastitis control and microbiome management.
Light buckets and laser beams: mechanisms and applications of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy
Authors: Frankowski David W. , Ferrucci Luigi , Arany Praveen R. , Bowers Dawn , Eells Janis T. , Gonzalez-Lima Francisco , Lohr Nicole L. , Quirk Brendan J. , Whelan Harry T. , Lakatta Edward G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, a non-thermal light therapy using nonionizing light sources, has shown therapeutic potential across diverse biological processes, including aging and age-associated diseases. In 2023, scientists from the National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural and Extramural programs convened a workshop on the topic of PBM to discuss various proposed mechanisms of PBM action, including the stimulation of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase, modulation of cell membrane transporters and receptors, and the activation of transforming growth factor-β1. They also reviewed potential therapeutic applications of PBM across a range of conditions, including cardiovascular disease, retinal disease, Parkinson’s disease, and cognitive impairment. Workshop participants largely agreed that PBM holds immense potential as a safe and effective therapeutic approach for a wide range of age-related diseases and cognitive decline. While further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms and optimize treatment protocols, the findings presented at the NIA workshop provide strong evidence for the continued investigation and clinical translation of this promising, inexpensive, safe technology, to aging and age-associated diseases. Here, we review the research presented and discussion held at the meeting. In addition, the text has been updated, where applicable, with recent research findings that have been made since the meeting occurred.
Enhancing cognitive functions in aged dogs and cats: a systematic review of enriched diets and nutraceuticals
Authors: Blanchard Tiphaine , Eppe Justine , Mugnier Amélie , Delfour Fabienne , Meynadier Annabelle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With advancements in veterinary care and the growing recognition of pets as integral member of the family, the lifespans of dogs and cats have significantly increased, leading to a higher prevalence of age-related conditions, including cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS). CDS adversely impacts pets’ quality of life and presents emotional and practical challenges for owners. Given its similarities to Alzheimer’s disease in humans, CDS has gained attention as a target for nutrition-based interventions aimed at preserving cognitive function. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of enriched diets and nutraceuticals in improving cognition in aging companion animals. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, CAB Abstracts, Web of Science, and Dimensions to identify clinical trials published in English that investigated the effects of enriched diets or nutraceuticals on cognitive functions in aged cats or dogs. Study quality was assessed using a modified CAMARADES checklist. A total of 30 studies (27 canine and 2 feline trials) published between 2002 and 2023 were reviewed. Studies on enriched diets generally demonstrated higher methodological quality compared to those on supplements. Omega-3 fatty acids showed cognitive benefits in aging pets, especially at higher doses, while antioxidants from plant extracts and products and vitamins E and C alone were less effective but remain essential for stabilizing omega-3 fatty acids. Other supplements, including S-adenosyl methionine, medium-chain triglycerides, homotaurine, and apoaequorin, also showed promise. However, future studies must standardize protocols, include robust control groups, and utilize both objective tasks and subjective questionnaires to strengthen conclusions.