bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanocone‐Modified Surface Facilitates Gas Bubble Detachment for High‐Rate Alkaline Water Splitting
Authors: Ren Qiu , Feng Longsheng , Ye Congwang , Xue Xinzhe , Lin Dun , Eisenberg Samuel , Kou Tianyi , Duoss Eric B. , Zhu Cheng , Li Yat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe significant amount of gas bubbles generated during high‐rate alkaline water splitting (AWS) can be detrimental to the process. The accumulation of bubbles will block the active catalytic sites and hinder the ion and electrolyte diffusion, limiting the maximum current density. Furthermore, the detachment of large bubbles can also damage the electrode's surface layer. Here, a general strategy for facilitating bubble detachment is demonstrated by modifying the nickel electrode surface with nickel nanocone nanostructures, which turns the surface into underwater superaerophobic. Simulation and experimental data show that bubbles take a considerably shorter time to detach from the nanocone‐modified nickel foil than the unmodified foil. As a result, these bubbles also have a smaller detachment size and less chance for bubble coalescence. The nanocone‐modified electrodes, including nickel foil, nickel foam, and 3D‐printed nickel lattice, all show substantially reduced overpotentials at 1000 mA cm−2 compared to their pristine counterpart. The electrolyzer assembled with two nanocone‐modified nickel lattice electrodes retains >95% of the performance after testing at ≈900 mA cm−2 for 100 h. The surface NC structure is also well preserved. The findings offer an exciting and simple strategy for enhancing the bubble detachment and, thus, the electrode activity for high‐rate AWS.
Youth recruitment and retainment in small‐scale fisheries: Factors influencing succession and participation decisions in Cameroon
Authors: Suh Neville N. , Efed Bessy T. , Nyiawung Richard A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFisheries systems face enormous pressures from increased fish demand, decreased fish catches, and an ageing fishing population. As a case study, we investigate how climate change stressors, capacity‐building opportunities, and the introduction of climate‐smart innovations, tools and information may influence youths’ succession decisions in small‐scale fisheries (SSF). We collected empirical data from a survey with the children of SSF actors to identify the factors promoting or hindering succession in fish harvesting activities through a simple random sampling of 415 youths in six fishing communities in Cameroon. The probit model results revealed that youth participation and succession decisions are positively influenced by their education, nationality, that is, being a migrant, desire to be employed full‐time in fisheries‐related activities, climate‐smart innovations, tools and information, and capacity‐building opportunities. Increasing temperatures and uncertainty in fish availability due to climate change negatively influence their succession decisions. We find that parents do not encourage their children to participate in SSF due to climate change impacts, which are reducing fish catch and due to a lack of suitable climate‐resilient innovations and capacity‐building opportunities. The study provides evidence that interventions that create an enabling environment for youths’ participation in fisheries‐related activities are important to secure the future of SSF in Cameroon.
Bright structural colorful aramid fabrics with outstanding light fastness
Authors: Han Yaqun , Hu Jingyuan , Li Xingzuo , Wu Yue , Ren Jie , Zhang Shufen , Wu Suli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe problems of difficult dyeing, poor dyeing fastness, and dyeing pollution of aramid are always great obstacles in the practical application. In theory, constructing particular nanostructures instead of dyes on aramids to achieve bright structural colors will be an effective strategy. However, it is still challenging to construct particular nanostructures on aramid fabric surfaces because of their roughness. Here, beautiful and noniridescent structural colored aramids with excellent light fastness were achieved by spraying a thin layer of randomly distributed nanospheres on the surface of adhesive‐modified aramids. Moreover, different bright structural colors and colorful patterns were obtained by simply controlling the size or refractive index of the spheres. Importantly, the light fastness of the structural colored aramid can reach levels 6–7 or higher. The simple and eco‐friendly coloring technology can be compatible with industrial equipment to obtain stable multicolored aramid products, exhibiting great real potential applications.
Interfacial Water Tuning by Intermolecular Spacing for Stable CO2 Electroreduction to C2+ Products
Authors: Liu Zhengzheng , Lv Ximeng , Kong Shuyi , Liu Mingtai , Liu Kunhao , Zhang Junbo , Wu Bowen , Zhang Quan , Tang Yi , Qian Linping , Zhang Lijuan , Zheng Gengfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectroreduction of CO2 to multi‐carbon (C2+) products is a promising approach for utilization of renewable energy, in which the interfacial water quantity is critical for both the C2+ product selectivity and the stability of Cu‐based electrocatalytic sites. Functionalization of long‐chain alkyl molecules on a catalyst surface can help to increase its stability, while it also tends to block the transport of water, thus inhibiting the C2+ product formation. Herein, we demonstrate the fine tuning of interfacial water by surface assembly of toluene on Cu nanosheets, allowing for sustained and enriched CO2 supply but retarded water transfer to catalytic surface. Compared to bare Cu with fast cathodic corrosion and long‐chain alkyl‐modified Cu with main CO product, the toluene assembly on Cu nanosheet surface enabled a high Faradaic efficiency of 78 % for C2+ and a partial current density of 1.81 A cm−2. The toluene‐modified Cu catalyst further exhibited highly stable CO2‐to‐C2H4 conversion of 400 h in a membrane‐electrode‐assembly electrolyzer, suggesting the attractive feature for both efficient C2+ selectivity and excellent stability.
Efficient Photocatalytic Cleavage of Lignin Models by a Soluble Perylene Diimide/Carbon Nitride S‐Scheme Heterojunction
Authors: Xu Xiaotong , Dai Shuqi , Xu Shuai , Zhu Qi , Li Yuliang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract3,4,9,10‐Perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PDI) is one of the best n‐type organic semiconductors and an ideal light‐driven catalyst for lignin depolymerization. However, the charge localization effect and the excessively strong intermolecular aggregation trend in PDI result in rapid electron‐hole (e−−h+) recombination, which limits photocatalytic performance. Herein, polymeric carbon nitride/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane PDI (p‐CN/P‐PDI) S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalyst was prepared by the solvent evaporation‐deposition method for C−C bond selective cleavage of lignin β‐O‐4 model. Based on the material characterization results, the synergic role of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and S‐scheme heterojunction maintains appropriate aggregation domains, achieves better solar light utilization, faster charge‐transfer efficiency, and greater redox capacity. Notably, the 3 % p‐CN/P‐PDI heterostructure exhibits a remarkable enhancement in cleavage conversion efficiency, achieving approximately 16.42 and 2.57 times higher conversion rates compared to polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane modified PDI (POSS‐PDI) and polymeric carbon nitride (p‐CN), respectively.
Effects of multiple stressors on recruitment of long‐lived endangered freshwater mussels
Authors: Miura Kazuki , Ishiyama Nobuo , Negishi Junjiro N. , Ito Daisetsu , Kawajiri Keita , Izumi Hokuto , Inoue Takahiro , Nakaoka Masahiro , Nakamura Futoshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Multiple stressors can affect populations interactively. However, the process by which they affect recruitment remains unclear, especially in long‐lived organisms with complex life cycles.
This study explored the bottleneck stages of juvenile recruitment in the endangered freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera togakushiensis and the interactive effects of nutrients and fine sediments on these stages. The proportion of M. togakushiensis juveniles aged ≤10 years was investigated in 24 rivers from north‐eastern Japan. Margaritifera togakushiensis has a complex life cycle with an obligate parasitic larval stage. Gravid female density, glochidia density (the number of glochidial infections per stream area), and juvenile survival rate, used as indices for adult, parasitic, and post‐parasitic juvenile stages, respectively, were obtained from 11 of these rivers.
Twenty‐four population status assessments showed that the proportion of juveniles aged ≤10 years ranged from 0.00 to 0.23, and that they were absent in 12 rivers. Parasitic and post‐parasitic juvenile stages were bottlenecks for recruitment; juvenile survival rates had a stronger positive effect on recruitment in rivers with high glochidia density. Juvenile survival rate was negatively associated with the synergistic effects of nutrients and fine sediments, although factors limiting glochidia density were not identified.
These findings suggest that the interaction between nutrients and fine sediments can synergistically reduce the recruitment of M. togakushiensis, indicating an underestimated impact of stressors on mussel recruitment if treated individually. Future mitigation measures should consider both nutrient levels and fine sediments to restore mussel recruitment. These results also emphasize the importance of considering both parasitic and post‐parasitic juvenile stages of mussels to maximize the success of future restoration actions.
Trabecular bone morphology in big cats reflects the complex diversity of limb use but not home range size or daily travel distance
Authors: Assif Layne , Chirchir Habiba 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA relationship exists between mechanical loading and bone morphology. Although studies show a relationship between trabecular bone morphology and locomotor strategy in mammals, none of them have studied trabecular bone morphology in felid species occupying disparate and overlapping habitats. We investigate trabecular bone volume fraction (BVF) in the femoral and humeral heads, and distal tibia of four felid species (mountain lions, jaguars, cheetahs, and leopards) to identify whether there is a relationship between BVF and locomotor behavior. This study's goals are to identify whether felid species with high daily travel distance or large home range size have greater BVF compared with those with small daily travel distance or home range size, and whether BVF is correlated among the three elements of the fore and hindlimb studied. We quantified BVF in micro‐ and peripheral computed tomography images and found no significant differences across species in the femoral and humeral head (p > 0.05). However, in the distal tibia, results showed that leopards, mountain lions, and cheetahs have significantly greater (p < 0.05) BVF than jaguars. Despite differences in home range size and daily travel distance, the proximal elements did not reflect differences in BVF; however, the distal‐most element did, suggesting decreased loading among jaguars. These findings suggest that the observed pattern of trabecular bone morphology is potentially due to the diversity in locomotor strategy of the forelimb. Additionally, these results imply that neither home range size nor daily travel distance are clear indicators of activity levels. A cautious approach is warranted in studying how loading influences trabecular morphology.
Surface Properties‐Performance Relationship of Aluminum Foil as Negative Electrode for Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries
Authors: Sabi Noha , Palanisamy Krishnaveni , Rahide Fatemehsadat , Daboss Sven , Kranz Christine , Dsoke Sonia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRechargeable aluminum batteries with aluminum metal as a negative electrode have attracted wide attention due to the aluminum abundance, its high theoretical capacity and stability under ambient conditions. Understanding and ultimately screening the impact of the initial surface properties of aluminum negative electrodes on the performance and lifetime of the battery cell are of great significance. The purity, surface finishing and degree of hardness of aluminum metal may strongly impact the device's performance, but these properties have not been systematically studied so far. Here, we present an investigation of the underestimated but crucial role of the aluminum foil surface properties on its electrochemical behavior in aluminum battery half‐cells. The results show that commercial aluminum foils with the same purity and degree of hardness but with different thicknesses (from 0.025 to 0.1 mm) exhibit different microstructure and surface roughness, which in turn have an impact on the cyclability. Atomic force microscopy studies show that the aluminum foil is corroded after repeated electrochemical cycling, thus leading to cell failure. The sample with 0.075 mm thickness exhibits the best cycling stability.
Das MONTBLANC HAUS Hamburg – Relief‐Fassade aus Sichtbeton
Authors: Bode Robert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDie Fassade des 110 m breiten und rund 12 m tiefen Gebäudes ist mit schwarzen, reliefartigen Sichtbetonwandelementen verkleidet. Auf der Vorderseite erstreckt sich über die gesamte Länge des Gebäudes eine Auskragung mit Spannweiten von bis zu 8 m. Das Betonrelief in der Fassade zeigt die Silhouette des Montblanc‐Massivs in den Alpen. Durch die Ähnlichkeit der Fassade hinsichtlich Form, Farbe und Oberflächenbeschaffenheit mit der Verpackung der vom Bauherrn hergestellten Schreibgeräte können die Besucher:innen schon von außen erahnen, was sie im Inneren des Gebäudes erwartet: ein Erlebnis rund um die Historie der Hamburger Marke Montblanc. Die komplexe Fassade wurde innerhalb kürzester Zeit geplant und errichtet. Hierfür mussten die Grenzen des Möglichen tragwerksplanerisch, konstruktiv und ausführungstechnisch voll ausgeschöpft werden. Die Entwicklung diverser Sonderlösungen war erforderlich. Dieser Prozess wird im vorliegenden Beitrag beschrieben.
Perception, attitudes, knowledge of using complementary and alternative medicine for cancer patients among healthcare professionals: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Youn Bo‐Young , Cha Jie‐Won , Cho Sungsu , Jeong So‐Mi , Kim Hyo‐Jung , Ko Seong‐Gyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the rapid increase in the prevalence of cancer worldwide, the utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has increased among cancer patients. This review aimed to understand the perception, attitudes, and knowledge of healthcare professionals toward using CAM for cancer patients.MethodsA mixed‐methods systematic review was undertaken in four databases. Inclusion criteria were primary studies reporting perception, attitudes, and knowledge of healthcare professionals for using CAM for cancer patients were eligible. A mixed‐methods convergent synthesis was carried out, and the findings were subjected to a GRADE‐CERQual assessment of confidence.ResultsForty‐two studies were chosen. The majority of the studies were quantitative and had less than 100 participants. Most publications were from European countries, and oncology was the highest among the specialties. The review found the following themes: feasibility of having negative adverse effects, low expectations of using CAM among HCPs, potential positive effects of using CAM, specific CAM training may be helpful, no concrete regulations to promote CAM practice, and poor physician–patient communication.ConclusionsNurses had more positive views than other professions; oncologists were concerned regarding herb–drug interactions; integration of CAM into the healthcare system was favorable; HCPs felt the need to participate in specific CAM training; and HCPs agreed that CAM education should be provided more regularly. Future studies should explore the studies views of cancer patients and details of in‐depth evidence of CAM in oncology settings.
Die Mauer des Schweigens durchbrechen
Authors: Ganzke Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArbeitsunfälle, vor allem solche mit geringen Auswirkungen, werden häufig nicht als Unfälle gemeldet – obwohl das eigentlich eine Selbstverständlichkeit sein sollte. Eine Reihe von Maßnahmen kann helfen, diesen Zustand zu ändern und so die Arbeitssicherheit zu erhöhen.
Risikogerechter Explosionsschutz
Authors: Kemmling Alexander 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUm die Sicherheit der Mitarbeiter, die Anlagenintegrität und den kontinuierlichen Betrieb zu gewährleisten, ist ein risikogerechter Explosionsschutz ein entscheidender Faktor im Umgang mit brennbaren Stäuben. Der herkömmliche Ansatz für den Explosionsschutz konzentriert sich oft auf die Verwendung von Berstscheiben als alleinige oder zumindest vorrangige Schutzmaßnahme – doch: Explosionsschutz beginnt bereits viel früher.
Unraveling the signaling mechanism behind astrocytoma and possible therapeutics strategies: A comprehensive review
Authors: Nahar Metu Chowdhury Lutfun , Sutihar Sunita Kumari , Sohel Md , Zohora Fatematuz , Hasan Akayed , Miah Md. Thandu , Rani Kar Tanu , Hossain Md. Arju , Rahman Md Habibur 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundA form of cancer called astrocytoma can develop in the brain or spinal cord and sometimes causes death. A detailed overview of the precise signaling cascade underlying astrocytoma formation has not yet been revealed, although various factors have been investigated. Therefore, our objective was to unravel and summarize our current understanding of molecular genetics and associated signaling pathways with some possible therapeutic strategies for astrocytoma.Recent FindingsIn general, four different forms of astrocytoma have been identified in individuals, including circumscribed, diffuse, anaplastic, and multiforme glioblastoma, according to a recent literature review. All types of astrocytoma have a direct connection with some oncogenic signaling cascade. Common signaling is MAPK cascade, including Ras‐Raf‐ERK, up‐regulated with activating EGFR/AKT/PTEN/mTOR and PDGFR. Recent breakthrough studies found that BRAF mutations, including KIAA1549: BRAF and BRAF V600E are responsible for astrocytoma progression. Additionally, cancer progression is influenced by mutations in some tumor suppressor genes, such as the Tp53/ATRX and MGMT mutant. As synthetic medications must cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), modulating signal systems such as miRNA is the primary option for treating patients with astrocytoma. However, available surgery, radiation therapy, and experimental therapies such as adjuvant therapy, anti‐angiogenic therapy, and EGFR‐targeting antibody drug are the usual treatment for most types of astrocytoma. Similar to conventional anticancer medications, some phytochemicals slow tumor growth by simultaneously controlling several cellular proteins, including those involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, metastatic spread, tyrosine kinase, growth factor receptor, and antioxidant‐related proteins.ConclusionIn conclusion, cellular and molecular signaling is directly associated with the development of astrocytoma, and a combination of conventional and alternative therapies can improve the malignancy of cancer patients.
Psychotherapy for patients with schizotypal personality disorder: A scoping review
Authors: Nielsen Kåre Donskov , Hovmand Oliver Rumle , Jørgensen Mie Sedoc , Meisner Maria , Arnfred Sidse Marie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of schizotypal personality disorder is complex. Currently, there are no clear evidence‐based recommendations for use of psychotherapy for individuals suffering from this mental illness, and studies are sparse. Our aim in this review is to map and describe the existing research and to answer the research question: What do we know about the use of psychotherapy for people with schizotypal personality disorder?MethodsWe conducted a scoping review using systematic searches in the Embase, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases. Two reviewers screened possible studies and extracted data on subject samples, type of psychotherapy, outcomes and suggested mechanisms of change. The review is based on the PRISMA checklist for scoping reviews.ResultsTwenty‐three papers were included, and we found a wide variety of study types, psychotherapeutic orientations and outcomes. Few studies emerged that focused solely on schizotypal personality disorder.ConclusionPsychotherapy as a treatment for schizotypal personality disorder is understudied compared with diagnoses such as schizophrenia and borderline personality disorder. Our results included two randomized controlled studies, as well as mainly smaller studies with different approaches to diagnostic criteria, psychotherapeutic orientation and outcome measures. The findings are too sparse and too diverse to make any evidence‐based recommendations. We found some indications that psychotherapy may support and assist individuals with schizotypal personality disorder.
A 25‐Gb/s/pin ground‐referenced signaling transceiver with a DC‐coupled equalizer for on‐package communication
Authors: Guo Chao , Chen Yingmei , Wang Hui , Chen Xu , Wu Chenghao , Zhao Yizhou 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis paper proposes a wireline serial link transceiver for on‐package die‐to‐die links based on 12‐nm fin field‐effect transistor (FinFET) technology. The link is crucial for improving the computational performance of larger systems built from chiplets. To achieve high pin/energy efficiency and prevent traditional single‐ended signaling disadvantages, the transceiver adopts single‐ended ground‐reference signaling (GRS) to transfer information. To precompensate for the frequency‐dependent loss, retain the advantages of GRS, and avoid the disadvantages of traditional AC‐coupled equalizer, the transmitter in the transceiver adopts a DC‐coupled switched‐capacitor charge pump equalizer that can transmit GRS and its equilibrium value can be adjusted according to the channel attenuation. This paper proposes a method for timing de‐skew using digital control delay lines to eliminate the timing skew between data and the clock. In addition, this paper presents a duty cycle corrector to avoid duty cycle distortion, with an adjustment range of 44.5% to 52% and a power dissipation of only 30
W. The transceiver has an area of 1.016
0.676 mm2, including one clock lane link and four data lane links. At a nominal 0.8‐V power supply voltage, the aggregate eye‐opening of the measured 25 Gb/s data on an organic substrate channel with an attenuation of −2.2 dB over 6 mm is 0.675 UI, with a bit error rate (BER) of less than 10−12 and an energy efficiency of 1.01 pJ/bit.