bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-Reactive Idiotypic Determinants on Murine Anti-(T,G)-A—L Antibodies
Authors: Schwartz Michal , Lifshitz Ruth , Givol David , Mozes Edna , Haimovich Joseph 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Anti-idiotypic sera specific to anti-(T,G)-A—L antibodies of high responder C3H.SW (H-2b, Ig-1a) mice were prepared in guinea pigs. The anti-idiotypic sera bind specifically 30% of the iodinated antibodies of C3H.SW against (T,G)-A—L and inhibit antigen binding of these antibodies. These anti-idiotypic sera do not react with anti-(T,G)-A—L antibodies produced in the congenic strain, CWB (H-2b, Ig-1b), which differ from the C3H.SW strain by allotype, but cross-react with anti-(T,G)-A—L produced in BALB.B10 (H-2b, Ig-1a), which differ from C3H.SW in its genetic background but possess the same allotype. These results suggest a linkage between the idiotypic determinants analyzed and Ig-1a allotype.
Immunization of C3H.SW mice with the ordered peptide antigen (T-T-G-G-)-A—L led to the production of antibodies that share idiotypic determinants with C3H.SW anti-(T,G)-A—L antibodies, confirming previous conclusions that Tyr-Tyr-Glu-Glu is the major determinant of the random (T,G)-A—L. Anti-(T,G)-A—L antibodies produced in low responders C3H/DiSn (H-2k, Ig-1a) by immunization with (T,G)-A—L complexed with methylated bovine serum albumin (MBSA) cross-react with the anti-idiotypes prepared against the high responder anti-(T,G)-A—L antibodies. The low responder antibodies were approximately 3 to 5-fold less efficient in inhibiting the idiotypes-anti-idiotypes reaction. However, anti-(T,G)-A—L produced in high responders by immunization with (T,G)-A—L + MBSA were identical to the low responder antibodies in their idiotypic content as judged by inhibition of the binding of the idiotypes to the anti-idiotypes.
These results demonstrate that high and low responders that possess Ig-1a allotype have a similar repertoire of B cells producing anti-(T,G)-A—L antibodies.
Peanut Agglutinin
Authors: London Jacqueline , Berrih Sonia , Bach Jean-François 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fluorescein-coupled peanut agglutinin (PNA) has been used at the single-cell level to study mouse lymphocyte subpopulations. PNA not only binds to most thymocytes, as has already been shown by other authors, but also binds to a small fraction of peripheral lymphocytes that are all T cells (θs+Ig-) or null cells (θ-Ig-). Most PNA-positive thymocytes are sensitive to in vivo corticosteroids and irradiation (450 rads) treatments. Conversely, the positive spleen cells (5% of total spleen lymphocytes) are essentially resistant to corticosteroids and irradiation. Study of PNA binding during ontogenesis shows the occurrence of PNA-positive cells in the fetal liver before thymus constitution and in the very beginning of embryonic thymus and spleen development. These data indicate that PNA is a marker of early T cell subpopulations but that there are probably several distinct subsets of PNA-positive T cells.
Allogeneic Restriction of the Delayed Inflammatory Reaction in the Rat
Authors: Jungi Thomas W. , McGregor D. D. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to Listeria monocytogenes was measured in rats that were recipients of syngeneic, semisyngeneic, and allogeneic immune thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL). DTH could be transferred only to recipients that shared at least one haplotype with the TDL donors. The restriction was expressed in an inability of sensitized lymphoblasts to localize efficiently at antigen injection sites in the pinna of the ear and peritoneal cavity. Failure of allogeneic lymphoblasts to extravasate in more than trace numbers into Listeria-antigen-induced exudates was reflected in an absence of other lymphocyte-mediated expressions of DTH. Thus, lymphocyte-dependent MCA was not detected in Listeria-antigen-induced peritoneal exudates borne by recipients of allogeneic immune TDL and blood monocytes were not recruited in increased numbers into such exudates as they were in exudates borne by syngeneic rats. But allogeneic restriction of the delayed inflammatory response to Listeria antigen was overcome, at least in part, when antigen-presenting macrophages of the same MHC type as the immune TDL donors were implanted in the peritoneal cavity. The results encourage the belief that the observed failure of immune TDL to transfer DTH to allogeneic recipients is related to the inability of sensitized donor T cells to recognize antigen displayed by allogeneic macrophages.
Fc Receptors for IgE on Normal Rat Lymphocytes
Authors: Fritsche Rodolphe , Spiegelberg Hans L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The binding of IgE to Lewis rat lymphocytes was investigated by employing a rosette assay consisting of aldehyde-fixed ox erythrocytes to which a rat IgE myeloma protein had been adsorbed. The lymphocytes were also analyzed for rosette formation with fixed erythrocytes coated with normal rat IgG and ox erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit IgG antibodies. Surface immunoglobulin-positive cells (sIg+) were detected with fixed ox erythrocytes coated with goat F(ab′)2 anti-rat light chain antibodies.
The highest number of IgE-binding lymphocytes were found in the spleen (18.7%), followed by peripheral blood (13.3%), bone marrow (12.3%), Peyer's patches (5.5%), lymph nodes (4.1%), and thoracic duct (0.0%). Depletion and mixed rosette experiments with different indicator cells showed that most of the IgE-binding cells belonged to the sIg+ cells and were presumably B cells. They did not form rosettes with normal rat IgG-coated indicator cells but formed rosettes with the rabbit IgG antibody-sensitized cells. The IgE binding was inhibited by rat IgE Fc fragments but not Fab fragments. Reduction and alkylation in aqueous solution and heating at 56° for 4 hr of IgE myeloma protein or its Fc fragment abolished its reactivity with lymphocytes. A weak cross-inhibition with both homologous and heterologous IgG and human IgE was observed, however, only at protein concentrations of 5 to 10 mg/ml. Brief treatment of the lymphocytes with trypsin abolished the binding of rat IgE and IgG, whereas it had little effect on the rosette formation with rabbit IgG-coated cells.
These findings indicate that a relatively large population of rat B lymphocytes, which have either few or low affinity Fc receptors for rat IgG, have Fc receptors for IgE.
Expression of Two Differentiation Antigens on Normal and Cultured Human T Cells
Authors: Ades Edwin W. , Bukacek Arabella , Zwerner Robert K. , Dougherty Patricia A. , Balch Charles M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An antiserum specific for human T lymphocytes (AMT) was used to examine patterns of T cell surface antigen expression and to isolate their reactive membrane antigens. By a quantitative adsorption assay, different plateaus of AMT reactivity with blood T cells were observed after serial adsorptions with individual T cell lines. MOLT-3 cells removed 95% of AMT activity to blood T cells whereas MOLT-4 removed 70% and HSB-2 removed only 30%. A cross-adsorption analysis demonstrated that each of the three cell lines differed in their adsorbing efficiency to remove AMT antibodies reactive with the reciprocal cell lines.
Radiolabeled membrane proteins were solubilized with either sodium deoxycholate (DOC) or NP-40 detergents, precipitated with AMT and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I, and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Two distinct T lymphocyte antigens of approximately 25,000 daltons (p25) and 16,000 (p16) were identified on MOLT-3 cells. Similar relative quantities of p25 and p16 were detected on human peripheral T cells and thymocytes. MOLT-4 cells contained less of the p25 peak than did MOLT-3. HSB-2 cells gave a small peak in the same general location as the MOLT-3 p25 peak, and a relatively large p16 peak. Adsorption of AMT with HSB-2 removed the capacity of the antiserum to precipitate p16 from MOLT-3, but did not eliminate reactivity with p25.
Antigen-Specific T Cell-Mediated Suppression
Authors: Germain Ronald N. , Theze Jacques , Waltenbaugh Carl , Dorf Martin E. , Benacerraf Baruj 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The induction of new suppressor T cells (Ts2) by suppressive extracts (TsF)from L-glutamic acid50-L-tyrosine50 (GT) nonresponder mice was examined. Incubation of normal spleen cells with allogeneic GT-TsF for 2 days in vitro led to the generation of Ts2 cells able to suppress subsequent responses to the immunogen GT-methylated bovine serum albumin (GT-MBSA) in vivo. This induction occurred efficiently when TsF donor and target cells differed at all of H-2, including the I-J subregion. B10.BR (H-2k) GT-TsF, adsorbed on, then acid eluted from GT-Sepharose and anti-I-Jk [B10.A (3R) anti-B10.A (5R)]-Sepharose in a sequential fashion could induce BALB/c (H-2d) spleen cells to become Ts2 only if nanogram quantities of GT were added to the purified GT-TsF. This indicates a requirement for a molecule or molecular complex possessing both I-J determinants and antigen (GT)-binding specificity, together with GT itself, for Ts2 induction. The induced Ts2 are I-J+, since their function can be eliminated by treatment with anti-I-Jk plus C. These I-J determinants are coded for by the precursor of the Ts2 and do not represent passively adsorbed, I-J coded TsF, since anti-I-Jk antiserum [(3R × DBA/2)F1 anti-5R] which cannot recognize the BALB/c (I-Jd) TsF used for induction still eliminates the activity of induced A/J (I-Jk) Ts2. These data provide further evidence for and information about the minimum of two T cells involved in antigen-specific suppressor T cell systems.
Antigen-Specific T Cell-Mediated Suppression
Authors: Germain Ronald N. , Benacerraf Baruj 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that nonresponder (DBA/1)-derived suppressor factor specific for the random copolymer L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT-TsF) failed to suppress responder strain mice when administred at the same time as antigen (GAT) challenge. The present study demonstrates that if responder (BALB/c or A/J) spleen cells are preincubated with nonresponder GAT-TsF for 2 days in vitro, suppressor T cells (Ts2) are induced that can suppress syngeneic GAT plaque-forming cell responses in vivo or in vitro. This finding is in accord with Ts2 induction in nonresponder mice with the same GAT-TsF. Further, administration of nonresponder GAT-TsF to responder mice 7 days before in vivo antigen challenge suppressed subsequent GAT-PFC responses in these mice. Finally, the Ts2 induced in the same strain of mice (BALB/c) by GAT-TsF and by L-glutamic acid50-L-tyrosine50 (GT)-specific TsF were shown to be able to suppress only the response to the inducing antigen, demonstrating the fine specificity of these Ts2. The implications of this demonstration of nonresponder TsF activity in responder mice for an antigen under strict Ir gene control are discussed.
Sharing of Ia Antigens Between Species
Authors: Shinohara Nobukata , Lunney Joan K. , Sachs David H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A mouse alloantiserum B10.D2 anti-B10.BR (H-2d anti-H-2k) cross-reacted with rat lymphocyte surface glycoproteins with characteristics of Ia antigens. Sequential precipitation analysis on solubilized radiolabeled LEW rat lymphocyte antigens with this cross-reactive mouse alloantiserum and the rat alloantiserum BN anti-LEW (Ag-B3 anti-Ag-B1) revealed that the Ia-like antigen detected by the mouse alloantiserum also reacted with the rat anti-Ia antibodies. It was further shown that the rat alloantiserum also detected another set of Ia-like antigens that did not cross-react with the mouse alloantibody. Precipitation analysis with congenic rat strains confirmed that all Ia-like antigens precipitated by the rat alloantibody were encoded by Ag-B linked genes. Thus the shared Ia-like antigen must also be the product of Ag-B-linked gene(s) or be physically associated with such products. In addition, molecules bearing shared antigenic determinants were separable from at least some of the Ia-like antigens detected by the rat alloantiserum, possibly suggesting the existence of more than one sublocus coding for Ia antigens within the rat MHC.
Physicochemical Separation of Two Distinct Fc Receptors on Murine Macrophage-Like Cell Lines
Authors: Anderson Clark L. , Grey Howard M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
By using radiolabeled myeloma proteins specific for each of two distinct Fc receptor activities on macrophage-like murine cell lines (“aggregated IgG FcR” activity and “monomer IgG2a FcR” activity), we have been able to detect solubilized FcR of both types in detergent lysates of these cells. The two solubilized Fc receptors can be distinguished and physically separated from one another by means of affinity chromatography and by sucrose gradient centrifugation. They also differ in their sensitivity to phospholipase C. The detergent solubilized monomer IgG2a FcR can be removed from solution with a Sepharose IgG2a column, has an S value of 4 to 5 and is resistant to phospholipase C. The solubilized aggregated IgG FcR does not bind to insolubilized IgG2a, has an S value of greater than 19, and is sensitive to phospholipase C treatment. We conclude from these studies that two different cell membrane macromolecules are responsible for the Fc receptor activities observed in macrophage-like cell lines.
The Potential of Bursa-Immigrated Hematopoietic Precursor Cells to Differentiate to Functional B and T Cells
Authors: Weber W. T. , Alexander J. E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The potential of hematopoietic precursor cells, recently immigrated into the 13- and 14-day-old embryonic bursa, to migrate to the thymus and to differentiate to functional T cells was investigated. Chromosomally marked cell populations obtained from 13- and 14-day-old embryonic bursas were transferred i.v. to 780 R γ-irradiated chick embryos of equivalent age. When appropriate chimeras were examined at 4 to 12 weeks after cell transfer, donor cells were found to proliferate primarily in the bursa. Significant donor cell influx into the thymus was not detected. In correlation with these findings, Con A- and PHA-responsive T cells in thymus and spleen cell cultures of recipients remained of host origin whereas the number of anti-CIg responsive B cells of donor type increased gradually in the spleens of recipients. An initial lag period preceded the accumulation of functional donor B cells in the spleens of recipients, despite the predominant presence of dividing donor cells in the bursa. This suggests that the transferred bursal cell population required substantially longer to mature and emigrate from the bursa as functional B cells than the host cell population remaining in the irradiated bursas at time of cell transfer. The failure to detect significant influx of donor cells into the thymus and their failure to differentiate to functional T cells suggest that the recently bursa-immigrated hematopoietic stem cells of 13- and 14-day-old embryos may not be pluripotential cells, but rather cells already committed to the B cell line of differentiation.
Evidence That Bovine Conglutinin Reacts with an Early Product of C3b Degradation, and an Improved Conglutination Assay
Authors: Linscott William D. , Ranken Raymond , Triglia Richard P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
When EAC43b were treated with heated serum in EDTA, reactivity with bovine conglutinin appeared rapidly, even at 0°C, and almost simultaneously with the loss of C3b rosetting capacity. At the time conglutinability first appeared, there was no detectable decrease in I-A or hemolytic C3 activity, and no detectable C3 antigen release from the cells. With prolonged exposure to heated serum in EDTA, I-A (immune adherence) and hemolytic C3 activity were lost. If this exposure was at 37°C, C3 antigen became strongly detectable in the supernatant fluid, and eventually conglutinability was markedly reduced or lost, whereas C3d rosettes were unaffected. We suggest that bovine conglutinin reacts with some early product of C3b degradation, rather than with C3d, and propose that this intermediate be designated C3k.
We have developed a semi-quantitative assay for bovine conglutinin, utilizing a Coulter Counter to register the decrease in total particles due to red cell aggregation. By using this method, we have detected conglutination with mouse complement (C) as well as with that from man and the guinea pig.
Human Lymphocyte Responses Are Enhanced by Culture at 40°C
Authors: Smith J. Bruce , Knowlton Regina P. , Agarwal Shyam S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In vitro responses of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were found to be markedly enhanced by culture at 40°C rather than at the conventional temperature of 37°C. We studied proliferative responses of lymphocytes by activation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and allogeneic lymphocytes in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) and found enhancement of DNA synthesis at the higher temperature. Cytotoxic T cell responses to allogeneic cells were also enhanced when MLC was done at 40°C. These enhanced immune responses appear to be due in part to increased numbers of participating cells. If in vitro lymphocyte responses correlate with in vivo responses, then fever associated with infection or tumor may be beneficial whereas that associated with autoimmune disorders may have a detrimental effect.
Target Antigens for H-2-Restricted Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells
Authors: Zinkernagel R. M. , Althage A. , Holland J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cytotoxic thymus-derived lymphocytes from mice infected with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) are H-2 restricted and virus specific for the Indiana and New Jersey strains of VSV. VSV-Indiana-immune T cells can lyse target cells infected with the temperature sensitive (ts) mutant ts 045 about 30 times better when target cell infection occurs at the permissive rather than the nonpermissive temperature. Since this mutant fails to express the glycoprotein at the cell surface when grown at the nonpermissive temperature, our results support the view that the viral glycoprotein is involved in defining the major target antigen for VSV-specific T cells. However, the tl 17 mutant that expresses a mutant glycoprotein at the cell surface was lysed, suggesting that the expressed mutated glycoprotein can cross-react with Indiana wild-type glycoprotein. Targets infected at the nonpermissive temperature with VSV ts G31 (mutant in the matrix protein) are still susceptible to T cell-mediated lysis but at a lower level of sensitivity. These results are compatible with the interpretation that for VSV-specific T cell lysis of infected target cells, the viral glycoprotein is a major target antigen and must be expressed, and that the matrix protein plays a lesser role, probably by indirectly influencing glycoprotein configuration at the cell surface.
Structural Studies on Protein Products of Murine Chromosome 17
Authors: Cook Richard G. , Vitetta Ellen S. , Uhr Jonathan W. , Klein Jan , Wilde Charles E. , Capra J. Donald 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Twenty-one of the amino terminal twenty-seven amino acid residues have been assigned in the murine H-2Kq molecule and several additional assignments and corrections have been made in both the H-2Kk and H-2Kb molecules. The study shows that 1) H-2Kk and H-Kq, which are serologically related, have an identical amino acid sequence for all twenty positions that can be compared, 2) the H-2Kk and H-2Kq molecules differ from H-2Kb at only two positions-9 and 22, and 3) the additional sequence data on the H-2Kk, -Kb, and -Kq molecules increases the already striking homology between murine and human transplantation antigens.
Antigen-Specific Regulation of Myeloma Cell Differentiation in Vivo by Carrier-Specific T Cell Factors and Macrophages
Authors: Rohrer James W. , Lynch Richard G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that: i) the TNP-binding myeloma MOPC-315 differentiated during in vivo growth in diffusion chambers (DC) implanted i.p. into normal BALB/c mice, and ii) the myeloma cell differentiation was regulatable by carrier-specific presentation of TNP to MOPC-315 cells in carrier-primed mice. In those studies, promotion and suppression of MOPC-315 differentiation occurred in the presence of carrier-specific helper and suppressor activities, respectively.
In the present studies, we demonstrate that carrierspecific regulation of MOPC-315 differentiation can be adoptively transferred to normal mice with carrierprimed T lymphocytes. In addition, the induced regulation of MOPC-315 differentiation is abrogated when macrophages are not present with MOPC-315 cells in the DC. These studies establish the immunologic basis of myeloma cell regulation and suggest that soluble, carrierspecific helper and suppressor factors of T cell origin regulate MOPC-315 differentiation directly or in collaboration with macrophages.
Antigen-Induced Increase in Migration of Large Cortical Thymocytes (Regulatory Cells?) to the Marginal Zone and Red Pulp of the Spleen
Authors: Durkin Helen G. , Carboni Joan M. , Waksman Byron H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Antigen-dependent and antigen-independent thymocyte migrations are described. Rats injected i.v. with a large dose of ovalbumin (100 mg) showed a 3-fold increase in the numbers of large, low density cells in thymus 2 days later. When subpopulations of different density were labeled with 3H-adenosine and transferred to normal recipients, they migrated preferentially to spleen, unlike cells from saline-injected donors, which equilibrated among all lymphoid organs. Data from autoradiographs and dissection of spleens showed that the increased radioactivity in spleen resulted from a 3-fold increase in the number of large cells, predominantly in the marginal zone and, secondarily, in the red pulp. This increased migration to marginal zone with antigen was superimposed upon a normal pathway taken by large, low density thymocytes to this site. When adrenalectomized rats, similarly treated, received intrathymic 125IUdR, radioactivity in spleens of the ovalbumin group after 24 hr was 2- to 3-fold greater than controls and, again, associated only with marginal zone-red pulp. When only cortical thymocytes were labeled by topical application of 125IUdR to the thymus capsule, the same enhanced localization in spleen was seen at 24 hr. Migration of small, dense, medullary thymocytes to the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (classical thymus-dependent area) was unaffected by antigen.
Only large, low density thymocytes migrated to Peyer's patches. This migration was unaffected by antigen. Only dense thymocytes localized in the thymus. However, if thymocytes were transferred from antigentreated donors, no subpopulation homed to thymus.