bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convalescent Plasma Therapy against COVID-19: An Update on the
Changing Facets of the ongoing Pandemic
Authors: Abullais Saquib Shahabe , Arora Suraj , Wahab Shadma , Grover Vishakha , Alshahrani Mohammed Yahya , Shamsudeen Shaik Mohamed , Mohammed  Asif Shaik , Faragalla Amel Ibrahim , Elagib Mohamed Fadul 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
The severe respiratory infections in the current pandemic coronavirus disease-19
(COVID-19) have influenced more or less every human life. The first person to get infected with
this virus was reported in the capital of Hubei province (Wuhan), China, in late December 2019.
Since the disease has been declared a pandemic, research scholars and experts have been manufacturing
new vaccines or targeted therapies to curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, only limited
options have emerged so far, which yet require complete scientific validation by long-term data
collection regarding safety and efficacy. In the wake of the recent emerging wave of the pandemic
viz omicron variant, changing facets of the viral genome and dearth of preventative and therapeutic
possibilities for the management of COVID-19, the usage of Convalescent Plasma Therapy (CPT)
may be looked at as a potentially viable option of treatment in the existing situation. Earlier, immune
plasma has been used with success in the management of H1N1 influenza virus, MERS-CoV,
and SARS-CoV-1 epidemics. In the present unpredictable situation created by the COVID-19 pandemic,
the CPT is used with a positive outcome amongst many infected individuals in different
parts of the world with acceptable efficacy. This article aimed to present an up-to-date evaluation of
existing literature on the efficacy of convalescent plasma as a potential therapy, its safety and effectiveness
and the challenges in treating COVID-19.
Formulation and Characterization of Phytosomes as Drug Delivery System
of Formononetin: An Effective Anti-Osteoporotic Agent
Authors: Agarwal Arun , Wahajuddin Muhammad , Chaturvedi Swati , Singh Sandeep K. , Rashid Mamunur , Garg Richa , Chauhan DIvya , Sultana Nazneen , Gayen Jiaur R. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Formononetin (FNT), a methoxy isoflavone, is a potential phytoconstituent
utilized for refurbishing fractures in bone tissue. Conceding to its involvement in first-pass metabolism
followed by glucuronidation, its absorption efficacy is limited. Hence, it belongs to the BCS class II
classification.

Objective:
We designed the present work to enhance FNT oral bioavailability by using Phospholipids
(PL) as a promising carrier. Formononetin Phospholipid Complex (FNT-PC) was prepared by the solvent
evaporation method and characterized.

Method:
FNT-PC was prepared by solvent evaporation method and characterization (FNT-PC) was
performed using aqueous/n-octanol solubility and partition coefficient, FTIR, NMR, SEM, and in vivo
pharmacokinetic study in female SD rats at 50 mg/kg.

Results:
Physicochemical properties like aqueous/n-octanol solubility and partition coefficient were
enhanced in FNT-PC. The FTIR spectrum confirmed there was no involvement of functional groups in
the preparation of FNT-PC. Whereas, the NMR study resulted in the attachment of carbon (C-8) position
of FNT by replacing the quaternary amine of PL to form FNT-PC. When scrutinized for its surface
morphology, the FNT-PC exhibited the amorphous geometry that remarkably enhanced the dissolution
of FNT (p<0.05) from its pure form. This dissolution effect was also affirmed by the per-oral administration
of FNT-PC in female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats at 50 mg/kg dose. The pharmacokinetic profile
showed the free FNT levels were markedly increased, correspondingly decreasing the conjugated
FNT levels in rat plasma.

Conclusion:
To summarize, FNT-PC could substantially reduce the first-pass metabolism with enhanced
free concentration, improving oral bioavailability for therapeutic use.
Paeonol Attenuates the Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Induced
by TGF-β1 in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells through ALK5-
Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Dai Min , Yang Yulong , Liang Yuning , Shi Xiaoyan , Wu Hongfei , Liu Yarong , Jiang Tingting , Yan Jinjin , Zhou Min , Gao Menglong 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Paeonol (Pae), the main active compound of the root of Paeonia albiflora,
is efficacious in treating atherosclerosis (AS). Endothelial dysfunction is throughout the pathological
progression of AS. It is expected that inhibition of Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition
(EndMT) will be a key target for AS treatment.

Objective:
In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of the regulatory effect of Pae
on EndMT in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Methods:
Cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and migration were detected by CCK-8, the wound healing
assay, and EdU staining, respectively. The protein expressions were measured by Western blot
or immunofluorescence staining. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to indicate endothelial
cells undergoing EndMT in ApoE-/- mice. In vitro TGF-β1-induced EndMT assays were performed
in HUVECs and the effect of Pae was explored.

Results:
We demonstrated that Pae could improve induced TGF-β1-EndMT in vivo and in vitro.
Mechanism study revealed that Pae directly bonds to the activin-like kinase 5 (ALK5, also known
as TGFβ type I receptor), inhibited downstream Smad2/3 phosphorylation, and thus alleviated
EndMT. Notably, overexpression of ALK5 significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of Pae on
EndMT in HUVECs.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that ALK5 is a promising druggable target for AS, and pharmacological
regulation of ALK5-Smad2/3 signaling pathway with small-molecule holds great potential
to benefit AS patients.
An Observational Study on HIV and Syphilis Rates and Associated Risk
Factors among Elderly Men in Wuxi, China
Authors: Huang Hao , Cao Yuxin , Li Min , Bao Yining , Robbins Sarah , Chu Minjie , Gu Jing , Meng Xiaojun , Zhuang Xun 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a nationwide
health problem in China; there were a reported 1,045,000 people living with Human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV)/AIDS by the end of October 2020, and the proportion of individuals aged 50
years and older living with HIV has also increased from 8% to 24% over the past two decades.

background:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a nationwide health problem in China, there were a reported 1,045,000 people living with HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) by the end of October 2020, and the number of individuals aged over 50 years living with HIV has also increased over the past two decades.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study and an 1:2 matched case-control study were conducted from July
to August 2016, in Wuxi city, eastern China. A total of 1,000 men aged 50 years and older completed
a face-to-face interview regarding their AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes, as well as risk
behaviors.

Results:
Prevalence was 0.1% for HIV and 2% for syphilis. The awareness rate of AIDS-related
knowledge among elderly men was 48.9% (range 40.7%-63.9%). The 1꞉2 matched case-control
study indicated that only the AIDS-related attitudes were different between the two groups
(χ2=8.726, P=0.013), the conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that scores of AIDS
health knowledge were the only significant prognostic factor for the infection (HR=0.754 (0.569-
0.999), P=0.049).

method:
A cross-sectional study and an 1:2 matched case-control study were conducted from July to August 2016, in Wuxi city, eastern China. A total of 1000 men aged over 50 years completed a face-to-face interview regarding their HIV-related knowledge and attitudes, as well as risk behaviors.

Conclusion:
It was crucial to prevent HIV/AIDS and syphilis infections by improving the awareness
of AIDS-related knowledge and changing related attitudes among the elderly. Further research
aimed at identifying how these factors impact their sexual decision-making can shed valuable insight
into further prevention program in this population.
Synthesis and Applications of N-Alkoxymethylated Azaheterocycles
Authors: Gondal Humaira Y. , Nisar Muhammad , Cheema Zain M. , Iqbal Kiran , Munir Akhtar , Zaidi Sadia , Abbas Khan Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Alkoxmethyl heterocycles play a significant role as bioactive compounds in pharmaceutical
and bifunctional ligands in synthetic organic chemistry. N-Alkoxmethylation can lead toward multipurpose
mixed acetals, natural product precursors, and task-specific functionalized ionic liquids. This
report provides a comprehensive account of the synthesis and perspectives applications of alkoxymethyl
azaheterocycles. The first part gives a detailed account of the different synthetic strategies employed
to access N-alkoxy methyl heterocyclic compounds. The second part deals with their applications,
owing to the unique reactivity of the alkoxymethyl group and the nature of heterocycle. Besides
diverse biological and synthetic applications, alkoxymethyl benzotriazoles also provide substantial
scope as a versatile anion stabilizer that can lead to diverse oxygen functionalities.
Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio Correlates with Angiographic Collaterals
and Infarct Growth in Acute Stroke with Thrombectomy
Authors: Ai Zhongping , Jiang Liang , Zhao Boxiang , Su Haobo , Yin Xindao , Chen Yu-Chen 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The assessment of collaterals before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) therapy
play a pivotal role in clinical decision-making for acute stroke patients.

Objective:
To investigate the correlation between hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR), collaterals on
digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and infarct growth in acute stroke patients who underwent EVT
therapy.

Methods:
Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who underwent EVT therapy were enrolled retrospectively.
HIR was assessed through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and was defined as the
Tmax > 10 s lesion volume divided by the Tmax > 6 s lesion volume. Collaterals were assessed on
DSA using the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional
Radiology (ASITN/SIR) scale. Good collaterals were defined as ASITN/SIR score 3–4 and
poor collaterals were defined as ASITN/SIR score 0–2. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used
to evaluate the correlation between HIR, collaterals, infarct growth, and functional outcome.

Results:
A total of 115 patients were included. Patients with good collateral (n = 59) had smaller HIR
(0.29 ± 0.07 vs. 0.52 ± 0.14; t = 10.769, P < 0.001) and infarct growth (8.47 ± 2.40 vs. 14.37 ± 5.28; t =
7.652, P < 0.001) than those with poor collateral (n = 56).

Discussion:
The ROC analyses showed that the optimal cut-off value of HIR was 0.40, and the sensitivity
and specificity for predicting good collateral were 85.70% and 96.61%, respectively. With the
optimal cut-off value, patients with HIR < 0.4 (n = 67) had smaller infarct growth (8.86 ± 2.59 vs.
14.81 ± 5.52; t = 6.944, P < 0.001) than those with HIR ≥ 0.4 (n = 48). Spearman’s rank correlation
analysis showed that HIR had a correlation with ASITN/SIR score (r = -0.761, P < 0.001), infarct
growth (r = 0.567, P < 0.001), and mRS at 3 months (r = -0.627, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
HIR < 0.4 is significantly correlated with good collateral status and small infarct growth.
Evaluating HIR before treatment may be useful for guiding EVT and predicting the functional outcome
of AIS patients.
Apoptosis and Remodeling in Ovary of Water Deer and Sika Deer at Pregnant and Non-pregnant Stages
Authors: Lee Ji-Hye , Park Yong-Su , Oh Min-Gee , Kim Sang-Hwan 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Many studies have been conducted on the sika deer, an extinct species in Korea, to analyze the physiological characteristics of restoration and reproductive physiological characteristics. The reproductive physiological mechanisms of water deer and sika deer, especially the function, morphological changes, and ovarian characteristics, are unknown.

Objective:
We aimed to study the differences in the reproductive physiology of water deer and sika deer and determine the difference in function through ovarian morphological analysis and cell remodeling.

Methods:
Water deer and sika deer ovaries were collected during the estrus and pregnancy seasons from the Korean Peninsula and Russia–Korean Peninsula border, respectively, and analyzed. Morphological analysis and in situ zymography were conducted to confirm the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), analyze the immunofluorescence of Casp-3 protein, and assess the morphological changes in the ovaries.

Results:
The results of the analysis confirmed the ovaries of water deer and sika deer to be morphologically different. The corpus luteum of sika deer showed large differences in size and morphology compared to water deer, and many changes were also observed in the corpus luteum cells. However, the activity of MMPs and apoptosis in the follicles of sika deer were higher than those of water deer. Water deer and sika deer showed similar corpus luteum patterns during estrus and pregnancy.

Conclusion:
In our study, morphological differences were found to be present between water deer and sika deer ovaries; however, cell remodeling demonstrated a similar pattern. Therefore, the endocrine function and reproductive efficiency for reproduction would be similar.
Entropy Generation Effects on Hydromagnetic Williamson Nanofluid
Flow through a Porous Media
Authors: Mondal Sabyasachi , Ghosh Riya , Sharma Ram Prakash 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Two-dimensional Williamson nanofluid flow with magnetic effects occurs
through an extending surface immersed in a porous media. This includes the impact of the applied
magnetic field, chemical reactions, variable thermal conductivity, and heat generation. Based on the
above assumption, this study investigates a hydromagnetic Williamson nanofluid passed through a
stretching surface embedded in a porous media that is being analysed by assuming the impact of thermal
radiation and magnetic field on the flow properties.

Methods:
After using an appropriate similarity transformation, the governing equations with boundary
conditions were converted into a dimensionless form. These derived ordinary differential equations are
highly nonlinear partial differential equations that are solved numerically using the spectral local
linearisation method.

Results:
An analysis and comparison of results with existing literature are reported here. Excellent
agreement has been found between our results and those previously published. The impact of the
magnetic field parameters, heat generation, variable thermal conductivity, and chemical reaction
parameters on the velocity, thermal, and concentration profiles are inspected in graphical and tabular
forms

Conclusion:
The outcomes indicate that the velocity reduces with the increase in Williamson, porosity,
and magnetic field parameters, whereas the concentration profile improves with these parameters.
Entropy generation rate is also enhanced when the concentration difference parameter, Reynolds number,
and Brinkman number are increased. Our results are extremely relevant and prove the same. A rise in the
porosity parameter drops the velocity profiles but increases the temperature and concentration profiles.
The entropy generation number is enhanced when the concentration difference parameter, Reynolds, and
Brinkman numbers are increased.
Urinary MicroRNA Analysis Indicates an Epigenetic Regulation of Chronic
Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology in Sri Lanka
Authors: Edirithilake Thanuri , Nanayakkara Nishantha , Lin Xiao Xiao , Biggs Patrick J. , Chandrajith Rohana , Lokugalappatti Sampath , Wickramasinghe Saumya 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) is reported among male paddy farmers in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. The exact cause of this disease remains undeter-mined. Genetic susceptibility is identified as a major risk factor for CKDu.

Objectives:
In this study, small urinary RNAs were characterized in CKDu patients, healthy endem-ic and non-endemic controls. Differently expressed urinary miRNAs and their associated pathways were identified in the study population.

Methods:
Healthy and diseased male volunteers (n = 9) were recruited from Girandurukotte (en-demic) and Mawanella (non-endemic) districts. Urinary small RNAs were purified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeqTM. The sequence trace files were assembled and analyzed. Differentially ex-pressed miRNAs among these three groups were identified and pathway analysis was conducted.

Results:
The urine samples contained 130,623 sequence reads identified as non-coding RNAs, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNA), and miRNAs. Approximately four percent of the total small RNA reads represented miRNA, and 29% represented piRNA. A total of 409 miRNA species were ex-pressed in urine. Interestingly, both diseased and endemic controls population showed significantly low expression of miRNA and piRNA. Regardless of the health status, the endemic population ex-pressed significantly low levels of miR-10a, miR-21, miR-148a, and miR-30a which have been linked with several environmental toxins.

Conclusion:
Significant downregulation of miRNA and piRNA expression in both diseased and healthy endemic samples indicates an epigenetic regulation of CKDu involving genetic and envi-ronmental interaction. Further studies of specific miRNA species are required to develop a miRNA panel to identify individuals susceptible to CKDu.
Comparison of Malay and Banjarese vocabulary in Upin and Ipin animated films
Authors: Rafiek Muhammad , Nisa Raudhatun 
Published: February 2023

This research aims to identify, define and explain the similarities and differences between Banjarese from Malay vocabularies in Upin and Ipin animated film, entitled Penjaga Baru. Vocabulary theory from Schmitt (2000), narrative text theory from Purba (2018) and Lirola (2018), procedural text theory from Delpech and Dizier (2008), and Dautriche and Dizier (2009) were used. A qualitative descriptive method was used with download, view and listen, and type techniques. As a result, identical spelling and pronunciation have been discovered in the Banjar and Malay languages. Banjarese vocabulary also had different spellings and pronunciations but had the same meaning as Malay. These vocabularies can be used as Banjar language teaching materials. Certain stories were also discovered in Upin and Ipin animated film titled Penjaga Baru, which could be developed into a narrative text in Indonesian titled Atok Dalang, Upin, dan Ipin mencari dan memasak siput sedut serta Atok Dalang, Upin, dan Ipin mencari buah durian (Atok Dalang, Upin, and Ipin look for and cook mud creeper snails with durian fruit) in Indonesian. Furthermore, a procedural text entitled Atok Dalang memasak siput sedut dan Atok Dalang membuat tempoyak (Atok Dalang cooks sedut snails and makes tempoyak) in Indonesian.
A comparative clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Agnikarma by Panchaloha Shalaka and electric cautery in the management of Bahya Arshas with special reference to sentinel pile
Authors: Anandkumar C  , C Thyagaraja  
Published: February 2023

Background - The diseases Arsha is considered to be a Mahagada according to the Ayurveda. Among the different types of Arshas explained by the Acharya Sushruta the Lakshanas of Bahya Arshas is looks similar to the structural presentation of the Sentinel pile. This condition, even though rarely fatal, gives more trouble to the sufferer and pose great difficulty for treatment. As we know the Sentinel pile is guarding to the fissure not to heal so keeping in view this clinical study Agnikarma with Panchaloha Shalaka and Electric Cautery was selected to give new dimension in the management of sentinel pile. Methodology - A comparative clinical study was done on forty subjects of both sexes, between the age group of 20-60 years who were randomly assigned into two groups, namely group A where Agnikarma by Panchalaoha Shalaka was used to the subjects and group B where Agnikarma by Electric Cautery was used to the subjects. After completion of the study, results were assessed using ‘Wilcoxon signed rank test’ for Single group and ‘Mann-whitney u-test’ for comparative Analysis for collected during the study. Result - Statistically Both group proved to be equally Significant. But according to the relief got by the patients Group-A proved to be more effective than group-B. Group-A overall result is 95.71% and Group-B overall result is 91.79%.
ANALISIS AGRESIVITAS PAJAK SEBELUM DAN SETELAH KEBIJAKAN PENGAMPUNAN PAJAK DI INDONESIA (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA)
Authors: Hasmawati Hasmawati 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat agresivitas pajak perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada periode sebelum dan setelah kebijakan pengampunan pajak di Indonesia. Untuk mencapai tujuan tesebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, dengan memanfaatkan data laporan laba rugi dan penghitungan pajak penghasilan pada catatan atas laporan keuangan perusahaan. Tingkat agresivitas pajak diukur menggunakan current effective tax rate (current ETR). Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 45 perusahaan peserta amnesti pajak dan 165 perusahaan yang tidak mengikuti amnesti pajak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perubahan yang signifikan pada tingkat agresivitas pajak perusahaan sebelum dan setelah kebijakan pengampunan pajak.
ANALISIS TINGKAT PENGUNGKAPAN MODAL INTE
Authors: Kartika Veronika Galuh Fajar 
Published: February 2023

Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan tingkat pengungkapan informasi modal intelektual atau intellectual capital (yang selanjutnya disebut IC) dari perusahaan highly regulated dan non highly regulated di IndonesiaMetode Penelitian – Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan teori institusional untuk menjelaskan fenomena adanya variasi dalam pengungkapan informasi IC. Data yang digunakan ialah laporan tahunan dari perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2018. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan kategorisasi perusahaan sampel ke dalam kategori highly regulated industry sejumlah 172 perusahaan dan non highly regulated industry sejumlah 155 perusahaan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 37 sub indikator dengan analisis skoring indeks yang dipilih sebagai metode untuk memberikan bobot pada setiap sub indikator yang diungkapkan dalam laporan narasi. Rentang skor yang digunakan ialah 0,1, dan 2.Temuan – Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat variasi pada pengungkapan informasi IC antara highly regulated industry dan non highly regulated industry. Variasi ini ditunjukkan dari hasil independent t-test sebesar 0,000 yang berarti terdapat variasi dalam pengungkapan informasi IC dari 2 kategori industri tersebut. Variasi ini dijelaskan melalui teori isomorfisme koersif dan mimetis dalam teori institusional, yang mana perusahaan dalam kategori highly regulated industry memiliki tingkat pengungkapan lebih tinggi karena kegiatan bisnis dari industri tersebut memiliki regulasi yang lebih ketat, hal ini merujuk pada isomorfisme koersif. Sedangkan, perusahaan dalam kategori non highly regulated industry memiliki tingkat pengungkapan yang lebih rendah karena pengungkapan dari perusahaan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keinginan untuk meniru praktik bisnis yang baik dari perusahaan highly regulated industry, hal ini merujuk pada isomorfisme mimetis. Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini menggunakan teori institusional sebagai kacamata dalam pengamatan terhadap fenomena variasi tingkat pengungkapan informasi IC yang terjadi antara highly regulated industry dan non highly regulated industry. Penelitian ini tidak hanya ditujukan untuk melihat apakah terdapat variasi dalam pengungkapan informasi IC, lebih jauh lagi, penelitian ini ditujukan untuk dapat menjawab mengapa terjadi variasi dalam pengungkapan informasi IC menggunakan isomorfisme yang terdapat dalam teori institusional.