bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noise Injection-based Regularization for Point Cloud Processing
Authors: Zang Xiao , Liao Siyu , Chen Jie , Yuan Bo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Noise injection-based regularization, such as Dropout, has been widely used in image domain to improve the performance of deep neural networks (DNNs). However, efficient regularization in the point cloud domain is rarely exploited, and most of the state-of-the-art works focus on the data augmentation-based regularization. In this paper, we, for the first time, perform systematic investigation on noise injection-based regularization for point cloud-domain DNNs. To be specific, we propose a series of regularization techniques, namely DropFeat, DropPoint and DropCluster, to perform noise injection on the point feature maps at the feature level, point level and cluster level, respectively. We also empirically analyze the impacts of different factors, including dropping rate, cluster size and dropping position, to obtain useful insights and general deployment guidelines, which can facilitate the adoption of our approaches across different datasets and DNN architectures.We evaluate our proposed approaches on various DNN models for different point cloud processing tasks. Experimental results show that our approaches enable significant performance improvement. Notably, our DropCluster brings 1.5%, 1.3% and 0.8% higher overall accuracy for PointNet, PointNet++ and DGCNN, respectively, on ModelNet40 shape classification dataset. On ShapeNet part segmentation dataset, DropCluster brings 0.5%, 0.6% and 0.2% mean Intersection-over-union (IoU) increase for PointNet, PointNet++ and DGCNN, respectively. On S3DIS semantic segmentation dataset, DropCluster improves the mean IoU of PointNet, PointNet++ and DGCNN by 3.2%, 2.9% and 3.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, DropCluster also enables the overall accuracy increase for these three popular backbone DNNs by 2.4%, 2.2% and 1.8%, respectively.
A Cnn Model for Improved Image Denoising With an Attention Guided Feature Selection
Authors: MANGE GLADYS , Mwangi Waweru , Kimwele Michael , Gómez Jorge Marx 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, or DCNNs, have undergone numerous modifications to enhance their capabilities in image processing, including image restoration, but there is still room for improvement. They have been improved in a number of ways, including reducing information loss, increasing feature utilization , and reducing computational complexity. This study presents a network structure known as CNN with attention (CNWATT2) that can preserve detail and edge information while also making the denoised image easier to view. Multiple features from the input image are extracted and fed into a forward network structure by the CNWATT2 using convolutional kernels of varying sizes. It is made up of two CNNs, and an attention module is added to the output of each CNN so that it can choose the features that affect the model before the concate-nation operation (attention-guided concatenation) to combine these features into the final feature map. The feature selection mechanism is enhanced by incorporating an attention model at the output of each CNN model. The CNWATT2 denoising method outperforms recently used denoising models DnCNN, FFD-NET IRCNN, and BRDNET in terms of both objective and subjective quality and its ability to effectively remove Gaussian noise from both color and grayscale images.
Early Life Stress Modulates Sexual Orientation via Oxytocin and Arginine Vasopressin
Authors: Shi Haishui , Liu Congcong , Du Yuru , Huang Shihao , Wang Yanyang , Sun Ruoxuan , Zhao Ye , Huang Boya , Yang Rui , Hao Ying , Wang Xueyi , Wang Yumei , Xue Yanxue , Shi Yun , Wang Sheng , Chen Haiying , Li Youdong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Although interactions between environmental and biological factors could affect sexual orientation, little is known about whether early life stress (ELS) may alter sexual orientation by modulating sex hormone levels. We investigated the potential role of two sex hormones: oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), in sexual orientation changes induced by ELS. The 89 adult men participants were divided into heterosexual (n = 32) and gay/bisexual (n = 57) groups. Sexual orientation, mental health, and the serum levels of OT and AVP were evaluated. The results indicated that gay/bisexual men experienced more ELS with lower OT and AVP levels. Animal study also demonstrated that ELS resulted in decreased OT and AVP levels and a preference for same-sex in male mice which could be reversed via intraperitoneal OT/AVP treatment. Summarily, individuals with ELS are susceptible to sexual orientation changes and OT/AVP could ameliorate it, which extend the underlying mechanisms of ELS-induced sexual orientation changes.
Geomorphometric based catchment runoff characterization and assessment of temporal landuse change impact on runoff inflow to an ungauged reservoir under different climatic scenarios using geospatial techniques and SWAT model
Authors: Prasad Vishnu , Bhardwaj Anil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

A morphometric analysis was carried out to study runoff characteristics of the Saleran reservoir catchment. Further, the impact of catchment landuse change on runoff generation and inflow to the Saleran reservoir has been assessed using geospatial techniques and SWAT. The geomorphometric analysis shows that the catchment is less elongated in shape, having fourth-order stream network, high stream frequency (9.36 no./km2), drainage density (4.55 km/km2) and high relief (220 m), which indicates that catchment would generate a moderate amount of runoff. The SWAT (ArcSWAT) model was used for the simulation of runoff and the average annual runoff inflow was simulated to be 14.2 mm (1995–1999), 13.2 mm (2000–2009) and 11.8 mm (2010–2019) per 100 mm of rainfall under the landuse 1999, 2009 and 2019, respectively. The results indicated that the temporal change in catchment landuse has significantly increased the runoff generation and its inflow to the reservoir but there is a decrease in the volume of runoff inflow which may be due to the decreasing trend in monsoon rainfall. Hence, an appropriate conservation strategy needs to be developed and adopted in the Shivalik foot-hills for managing the catchment landuse for sustainable water supply through reservoirs.
Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processes
Authors: Silva Danilo Bertagna , Buttiglieri Gianluigi , Farré Maria José , Babić Sandra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and their respective transformation products (TPs) formed following photodegradation pose considerable threats to the environment and our health. The formation of TPs during UV-LED-based degradation of three target pollutants in the EU Watch List of CECs was accessed by LC-MS-Orbitrap, and their reaction pathways were elucidated. The influence of different matrices and treatments of choice on TP formation was investigated. Results showed that matrix changes did not produce different reaction pathways during UV-A photocatalysis, although plots of TP peak areas vs. time were different for each case. A new TP was found for the antidepressant venlafaxine, (1-[2-(dimethylnitroryl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol. When comparing UV-A photocatalysis with UV-C photolysis, dissimilar pathways were observed due to the distinct reaction mechanisms of each process, since photocatalysis, unlike photolysis, relies on radical-based reaction routes. Different levels of confidence were obtained for each TP depending on the availability of MS2 data in the literature and of standards for comparison. All the found TPs had similar molecular masses in comparison to their respective parent compounds. Most of the TPs remained in the effluent after 6 hours of photodegradation, which highlights the importance of their control, close-monitoring, and further toxicity assessments.
The impact of solid/floc holdup on oxygen transfer in a rotating hollow fiber membrane bioreactor under endogenous conditions
Authors: Mahdariza Fathul , Georg Wilhelm , Wille Ernst-Marius , Morck Tobias 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

A set of oxygen transfer experiments in clean water and three different activated sludge concentrations were conducted with fine and coarse bubble aeration in a rotating hollow fiber membrane bioreactor to observe the impact of different rotational speeds on the oxygen transfer rate. The results showed that with increasing membrane rotational speed, the oxygen transfer coefficient enhanced while the α-factor showed similar values at comparable sludge concentrations and solid/floc holdups. The highest improvement rates occurred during the experiments with coarse bubble aeration at 50 rpm and the lowest specific airflow rate. The solid/floc holdup appears to universally impact oxygen transfer depletion regardless of what reactor type, diffuser setup and membrane rotational speed were used in the wastewater experiments.
Saltwater Intrusion Impacts Microbial Diversity and Function in Groundwater Ecosystems
Authors: Houghton Karen M. , Fournier Mano , Tschritter Conny 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Groundwater ecosystem services provided by microbial communities are essential for the maintenance of water quality. For example, nitrate contamination is a recognised health and ecosystem issue in most groundwater systems, often alleviated through microbial processes. The effects of climate change, including increasing salinity from rising sea levels, or over-abstraction, on these communities are largely unknown.

Methods:
This study uses a combination of culture-dependent (growth curves, isolation of bacteria) and culture-independent (16S rRNA gene sequencing) methods to identify the potential effects of saltwater intrusion on groundwater microbes and their ecosystem functions.

Results:
Some groundwater microbial communities are negatively impacted by increasing chloride concentrations, including declines in bacteria responsible for nitrate and ammonia removal. These ecosystems should be prioritised for future protection from sea level rise or increased extraction of groundwater for agriculture and other uses. Other microbial communities are stimulated in the presence of chloride, often caused by an increase in abundance of salt-tolerant heterotrophic bacteria using sugars, peptides, or organic acids for energy.

Conclusion:
There have been no previous studies investigating the impact of chloride on Aotearoa New Zealand groundwaters. The identification of keystone species that are affected by increasing salinity, which have a disproportionately large effect on the ecosystem and low functional redundancy, is essential. Water management decisions about future abstraction limits and defences against sea level rise can be underpinned by robust scientific knowledge about microbial community sensitivity to salinity.
Inclusion Complex of Ionic Liquids with Cyclodextrins: A Review
Authors: Waghulde Vikas , Sarode Chandrakant , Potangale Mangesh , Girase Tejpal , Patil Kiran , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Ionic liquids (ILs) are presently one of the most interesting research fields gaining vast attention from researchers from multidisciplinary research
areas worldwide. Without any ambiguity, ionic liquids or molten salts, neoteric materials have become a significant and crucial area under study
for the exploration of the science of molecules. The data in the literature emphasises that a plethora of papers have been published on ionic liquids
each year. These neoteric materials have been the subject of several major reviews and books, dealing with different explorations and aspects of
their behaviours. The supramolecular material called cyclodextrin (CDs), and their ability to form inclusion complexes with ILs due to their
hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties, is well known to date. This review offers a vision of the chemical behaviours of ionic liquids complexes
using cyclodextrins. The review takes care of different sections related to i) introduction of cyclodextrin, ii) history of ionic liquids, iii) history of
inclusion compounds, iv) general methods for the formation of inclusion complexes, and v) the inclusion complex formation of ionic liquids with
cyclodextrins.
Mid-to-long Term Wind Power Forecasting Based on ARIMA-BP
Combined Model
Authors: Shan Ruiqing , Niu Jitao , Chai Xuzheng , Gu Qingfa 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Increasing the accuracy of the output power forecasting for wind power
is helpful to the improvement of the reliability of power dispatching.

Objective:
This study aimed to improve the forecasting accuracy of mid-to-long term wind
power.

Methods:
A mid-to-long term wind power forecasting based on ARIMA-BP combined model
was proposed. The Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) was used to decompose the historical
wind power series and obtain the Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) and residual components,
thereby obtaining more regular components. Then, the optimum feature set was obtained based
on the minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (mRAR) to improve the prediction accuracy
for feature extraction. After that, the high-frequency components were predicted using the Back
Propagation (BP) neural network model, while the low-frequency components were predicted
using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA). Finally, the predicted
components obtained were superimposed to deduce the final mid- and long-term wind power
prediction results.

Results:
An analysis was conducted according to the actual data from a typical wind farm. After
comparison, it was found that, after empirical mode decomposition and feature extraction analysis,
the error of the intelligent combination algorithm based on the ARIMA-BP combined model
was smaller than that using only the BP neural network or only the ARIMA.

Conclusion:
By means of actual data analysis, the effectiveness of the method proposed by the
study for mid- and long-term wind power prediction was verified.
Analisis Transisi Lahan di Kabupaten Gunungkidul dengan Citra Penginderaan Jauh Multi Temporal
Authors: Wardhana Wahyu , Sartohadi Junun , Rahayu Lies , Kurniawan Andri 
Published: August 2023

Kabupaten Gunungkidul dulu terkenal tandus kering gersang pada tahun 1940-1970-an tetapi kini telah menjadi hijau kembali. Proses ini disebut dengan proses transisi. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti empirik melalui alat bantu analisis perubahan spasial dan penginderaan jauh yang hasilnya kemudian digunakan untuk memodelkan proses tahapan transisi sebagaimana model menurut Mather (1992) dan Hosunuma (2002). Tahapan transisi saat ini menurut model tersebut adalah menuju tahap akhir dari proses pertumbuhan. Yang unik dari proses transisi di wilayah ini adalah model penutupan/penggunaan lahan yang dominan dengan bentuk pemukiman/pekarangan, sawah tadah hujan dan tegalan/ladang (sesuai SNI 7645-2010). Model ini dapat dikatakan merupakan model penyusun ekosistem baru yang terjadi dalam proses transisi yang berbeda dari model penutupan sebelumnya yang berupa hutan campuran sebagaimana dijelaskan oleh Nibbering (1991). Model ini merupakan bentuk kompromi sosial-ekologis hasil proses rehabilitasi saat itu yang dilakukan baik oleh masyarakat maupun oleh Pemerintah Daerah dengan program INPRES Penghijauan dari Pemerintah Pusat saat itu. Pembelajaran yang menarik dari proses transisi adalah kembalinya lahan bervegetasi menjadi sebuah ekosistem baru di Gunungkidul melalui dominasi penutupan/penggunaan lahan pemukiman (pekarangan), sawah tadah hujan dan tegalan/ladang. Bentuk-bentuk ini merupakan proses kompromi yang menjadi faktor keberhasilan rehabilitasi yang dilakukan saat itu.Katakunci: Gunungkidul, transisi hutan, rehabilitasi, perubahan spasial, penginderaan jauh Analysis on the Land Transition in Gunungkidul using Multi Temporal Remote SensingAbstractGunungkidul was well known as barren area during 1940-1970 but now becomes fully vegetated. This process called the transition process. This study provided empirical evidences by spatial changes and remote sensing analysis and then the results were used for modelling of the transition phases according to Mather (1992) and Hosunuma (2002). According to the model, the current transition phase is close to the final stage of the growth process. A unique phenomenon of the transition process of re-vegetation is that the regions dominated by settlement/yard, rain fed and upland/fields (in accordance to SNI 7645-2010). This model could be categorize as model of new ecosystem in the transition process, which is different from the previous one. The previous model was in the form of mixed forest as described by Nibbering(1991). This model is a compromise form of socio-ecological aspect as a result of the rehabilitation process, which was conducted by either the public or the Local Government based on Greening Program of the Central Government according to Presidential Instruction. Interested learning from the process of re-vegetation transition is that the formations of re-vegetation lead to a new ecosystem in Gunungkidul through the dominance of settlement, rain field and upland.
Komponen Kimia Kayu Jati dengan Pertumbuhan Eksentris
Authors: Lukmandaru Ganis 
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas kayu cacat. Spesimen penelitian berupa 10 pohon miring yang diperoleh dari kegiatan penjarangan dari tegakan jati (Tectona grandis L.f.) di Randublatung, Jawa Tengah. Pada setiap pohon, kayu di bagian eksentrisnya dipisahkan \, kemudian sampel serbuk kayu diambil pada bagian teras terluar pada kedua lebar lingkaran tahun maksimum (bagian atas pohon miring) dan pada arah yang berlawanan, yaitu yang mempunyai lebar lingkaran tahun minimum (bagian bawah pohon miring). Serbuk kayu dihaluskan sampai mencapai 40-60 mesh untuk analisis kimia. Analisis data melalui uji t pohon pada kadar ekstraktif etanol-benzena (4-12%), kadar terlarut air panas (1-3%), kadar abu (0,7-3%) dan kadar lignin terlarut asam (0,7-1,4%). Pengukuran menggunakan GC dan GC-MS, menunjukkan tidak ada beda yang mencolok pada jumlah komponen utama ekstraktif etanol-benzena. Sebaliknya, kayu dengan lingkaran tahun paling lebar secara konsisten memiliki kadar lignin Klason lebih tinggi (32-35%) dibandingkan kayu dengan lingkaran tahun sempit (29-33%). Hasil-hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa eksentris lebih berkaitan dengan komponen dinding sel kayu daripada zat-zat metabolism sekunder. Selanjutnya, tidak terlihat juga adanya indikasi terhadap pembentukan kayu tarik.Kata kunci: Tectona Grandis, kayu eksentris, pohon miring, sifat kimia, riap tumbuh. Chemical Components of Teak Wood with Eccentric Growth AbstractThe objective of this study is to learn the quality of abnormal woods. The specimens were 10 leaning trees obtained from thinned teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) stand in Randublatung, Central Java. In each tree, the eccentric growth parts were isolated, then wood meal sample was drilled at the outer heartwood part of both maximum annual-ring width (upper part of leaning stem) and in its opposite side, which had minimum annual-ring width (lower part of leaning stem). The wood meals were ground to size of 40-60 mesh for chemical analysis. Data analysis by paired t-test showed that no significant difference was found between the upper and lower parts in ethanol-benzene extractive content (4-12%), hot-water soluble content (1-3%), ash content (0.73%) and acid soluble lignin content (0.7-1.4 %) . By means of Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), no striking difference was also observed in the levels of major components of ethanol-benzene extracts. On the other hand, in Klason lignin content, the wood with widest ring consistently showed a higher content (32-35 %) than that with narrowest ring (29-33 %). These findings indicated that the eccentricity is more related to cell wall components than to secondary metabolites. Further, there is no indication with regard to the formation of tension wood.
Inventory of Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPs) in Bali Botanic Garden and the Adjacent Areas
Authors: Kuswantoro Farid , Sutomo Sutomo , Sujarwo Wawan 
Published: August 2023

Similar to other botanic gardens, Bali Botanic Garden (BBG) is also prone to the spread of Invasive Alien Plant (IAP) species. Unfortunately, research about IAP species in BBG is still very limited. Thus, the study aims to update the list of IAP species in BBG and its adjacent areas as well as to provide a garden manager with data of the most important IAP species. This study was conducted by using sampling plots that were purposively established in three areas of BBG, namely the Ekor Burung (EB), VIP, and Kepala Burung (KB). Data analysis was performed to calculate the Relative Frequency (RF), Important Value Index (IVI), Clustering analysis, and NMDS ordination. The study was able to document 18 IAP species. Ageratina riparia and Bidens pilosa have the highest RF in EB, while the former also has the highest RF in VIP and KB. Similarly, the highest IVI was acquired by A. riparia in VIP and KB, as well as by Sida rhombifolia in EB. Cluster analysis revealed two subsets. NMDS ordination suggested that VIP and KB have more similar IAPs than the EB. This study suggested that A. riparia is the most important IAP species in BBG and its surrounding areas.Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Asing Invasif di Kebun Raya Bali dan Wilayah Sekitarnya IntisariSepertihalnya Kebun Raya lain, Kebun Raya Bali (BBG) juga rentan terhadap penyebaran Tumbuhan Asing Invasif (IAP). Sayangnya, penelitian tentang IAP di BBG dan daerah sekitarnya masih sangat terbatas. Karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbarui daftar jenis IAP di BBG dan daerah sekitarnya serta menyediakan data jenis IAP paling penting bagi pengelola Kebun Raya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan plot sampel yang secara purposive diletakan pada tiga wilayah BBG yaitu Ekor Burung (EB), VIP dan Kepala burung (KB). Analisis data dilakukan untuk menghitung Frekuensi Relatif (RF), Indeks Nilai Penting (IVI), analisis klaster dan ordinasi NMDS. Penelitian ini mampu mendokumentasikan 18 spesies IAP. Ageratina riparia dan Bidens pilosa memiliki nilai RF tertinggi di EB, sementara yang disebutkan pertama juga memiliki RF tertinggi di VIP dan KB. Demikian pula, nilai IVI tertinggi di VIP dan KB diperoleh oleh A. riparia serta oleh Sida rhombifolia di EB. Analisis klaster mengungkapkan dua subset. Ordinasi NMDS menunjukan bahwa VIP dan KB memiliki jenis-jenis IAP yang lebih mirip daripada EB. Studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa A. riparia adalah jenis invasif paling penting di BBG dan daerah sekitarnya.