bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Praktek Jual Beli Parang dengan Cara Penumpukan untuk Meningkatkan Harga di Desa Koto Padang Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Witro Doli 
Published: March 2023

Manusia, dalam menunaikan hak dan kewajibannya terhadap sesama anggota masyarakat, tentunya tidak lepas dari ikatan ketergantungan satu sama lain. Banyak interaksi dan kerjasama yang dilakukan manusia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidunya. Sebagai seorang muslim yang memeluk agama Islam dalam melakukan transaksi jual beli tentunya harus sesuai dengan rukun-rukun, syarat-syarat, dan juga bentuk-bentuk jual beli yang diperbolehkan dalam ajaran agama Islam. Jual beli sudah terjadi sejak masa dahulu, namun masih bertahan hingga kini, begitupun di Desa Koto Padang. Desa Koto Padang merupakan salah satu desa yang ada di Kecamatan Tanah kampung, Kota Sungai Penuh. Desa ini mempunyai kerajinan tangan yaitu pandai besi. Para saragi sebelum memasarkan parang keluar daerah mencari dan mendatangi tukang sahoh terlebih dahulu untuk membeli parang. Pada saat terjadi transaksi, maka dengan sendirinya terjadi kesepakatan antara penjual dan pembeli. Ketika permintaan parang banyak, dengan sendirinya terjadi kelangkaan, pada saat yang bersama ada sebagian tukang sahoh yang melakukan penumpukan parang untuk meningkatkan harga. Kelangkaan parang terjadi karena banyaknya permintaan dari laur daerah sedangkan tukauh terlambat mengeluarkan pesanan parang yang dipesan oleh tukang sahoh. Pada saat jumlah parang stabil dijual dengan harga Rp. 500.000 perkodi semua tukang sahoh menjual dengan harga yang sama. Tetapi ketika terjadi kelangkaan parang, tukang sahoh yang melakukan penumpukan parang tadi, menjual dengan harga Rp. 550.000 perkodi sedangkan dia menpunyai persediaan parang yang cukup banyak dan tidak mau kurang dengan harga yang sebesar itu. Berdasarkan objek, penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research). Penyajian data dilakukan secara naratif deskriptif. Sumber data ada dua yaitu: sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumenter. Adapun teknik analisis data digunakan adalah teknik analisis yang dikemukan oleh Miles dan Huberman dengan langkah-langkah yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hal ini penulis rasa penting untuk dikaji, melihat permasalahan tersebut dalam tinjauan hukum Islam. Setelah kajian ini dilakukan penulis berharap dijadikan sebagai bahan masukan dan pertimbangan bagi tukang sahoh dan saragi dalam melakukan jual beli parang di Desa koto Padang.
Student and educator perceptions of an evidence-based medicine research curriculum: recommendations for research curriculum development
Authors: Ferri Dario , Moore Clara , Mun Kyung Joon , Chen Anna , Katzman Debra , Nyhof-Young Joyce 
Published: March 2023

Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) allows physicians to integrate evidence, clinical experience, and patient values into clinical decision making and thus has been readily incorporated into medical education; however, there is limited research capturing the perceptions of both student and educator in their experiences in engaging with an EBM-based research curriculum. Assessing the perceptions of both these key stakeholders represents an important area of research as it can help to inform EBM curriculum integration and evaluation efforts.
Methods: This qualitative study utilizes a constructivist framework to assess the thoughts, beliefs, and feelings of students and tutors interacting with a 2-year EBM-based research curriculum. Students completed semi-structured interviews and tutors completed online surveys to explore their perceptions and experiences. Interview transcripts and survey responses were analysed using conventional descriptive content analysis to create a set of recommendations for EBM curriculum development.
Results: 13 students and 20 tutors participated, and four major themes were identified. Students noted EBM education was most effective when opportunities existed to apply research skills, complete practical research experience, engage actively in learning, and integrate clinical and research concepts. Tutors found the curriculum to be effective but noted it was challenging to accommodate for the diversity of student knowledge and interest in research.
Conclusion: This study provides a general set of recommendations for the design, implementation, and refinement of EBM-based research curricula to facilitate student learning through focusing on 1) research consumption, 2) emphasizing application, 3) emphasizing interactivity, 4) curriculum integration, and 5) catering towards student heterogeneity.
Preparation of therapy-grade extracellular vesicles from adipose tissue to promote diabetic wound healing
Authors: Pan Chuqiao , Xu Peng , Zheng Yi , Wang Yikai , Chen Chuhsin , Fu Shibo , Liu Zibo , Chen Yahong , Xue Ke , Zhou Qimin , Liu Kai 
Published: March 2023

Background: Treatment of diabetic wounds is a major challenge in clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from adipose-derived stem cells have shown effectiveness in diabetic wound models. However, obtaining ADSC-EVs requires culturing vast numbers of cells, which is hampered by the need for expensive equipment and reagents, extended time cost, and complicated procedures before commercialization. Therefore, methods to extract EVs from discarded tissue need to be developed, for immediate application during surgery. For this reason, mechanical, collagenase-digestive, and constant in-vitro-collective methods were designed and compared for preparing therapy-grade EVs directly from adipose tissue.Methods: Characteristics and quantities of EVs were detected by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blotting firstly. To investigate the biological effects of EVs on diabetic wound healing, angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and inflammation-regulation assays were then evaluated in vitro, along with a diabetic wound healing mouse model in vivo. To further explore the potential therapeutic mechanism of EVs, miRNA expression profile of EVs were also identified and analyzed. Results: The adipose tissue derived EVs (AT-EVs) were showed to qualify ISEV identification by nanoparticle tracking analysis and Western blotting and the AT-EVs yield from three methods was equal. EVs also showed promoting effects on biological processes related to diabetic wound healing, which depend on fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. We also observed enrichment of overlapping or unique miRNAs originate from different types of AT-EVs associated with diabetic wound healing for further investigation.Conclusion: After comparative analyses, a mechanical method was proposed for preparing immediate clinical applicable EVs from adipose tissue that would result in reduced preparation time and lower cost, which could have promising application potential in treating diabetic wounds.
Phyto-assisted synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for developing antibiofilm surface coatings on central venous catheters
Authors: Malhotra Akshit , Chauhan Suchitra Rajput , Rahaman Mispaur , Tripathi Ritika , Khanuja Manika , Chauhan Ashwini 
Published: March 2023

Medical devices such as Central Venous Catheters (CVCs), are routinely used in intensive and critical care settings. In the present scenario, incidences of Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infections (CRBSIs) pose a serious challenge. Despite considerable advancements in the antimicrobial therapy and material design of CVCs, clinicians continue to struggle with infection-related complications. These complications are often due colonization of bacteria on the surface of the medical devices, termed as biofilms, leading to infections. Biofilm formation is recognized as a critical virulence trait rendering infections chronic and difficult to treat even with 1,000x, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics. Therefore, non-antibiotic-based solutions that prevent bacterial adhesion on medical devices are warranted. In our study, we report a novel and simple method to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using ethanolic plant extracts of Eupatorium odoratum. We investigated its physio-chemical characteristics using Field Emission- Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy dispersive X-Ray analysis, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Photoluminescence Spectroscopy, UV-Visible and Diffuse Reflectance spectroscopy, and Dynamic Light Scattering characterization methods. Hexagonal phase with wurtzite structure was confirmed using XRD with particle size of ∼50 nm. ZnO nanoparticles showed a band gap 3.25 eV. Photoluminescence spectra showed prominent peak corresponding to defects formed in the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. Clinically relevant bacterial strains, viz., Proteus aeruginosa PAO1, Escherichia coli MTCC 119 and Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 7443 were treated with different concentrations of ZnO NPs. A concentration dependent increase in killing efficacy was observed with 99.99% killing at 500 μg/mL. Further, we coated the commercial CVCs using green synthesized ZnO NPs and evaluated it is in vitro antibiofilm efficacy using previously optimized in situ continuous flow model. The hydrophilic functionalized interface of CVC prevents biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa, E. coli and S. aureus. Based on our findings, we propose ZnO nanoparticles as a promising non-antibiotic-based preventive solutions to reduce the risk of central venous catheter-associated infections.
Transient increase in atherosclerotic plaque macrophage content following Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia in ApoE-deficient mice
Authors: Bazaz Rohit , Marriott Helen M. , Wright Carl , Chamberlain Janet , West Laura E. , Gelsthorpe Catherine , Heath Paul R. , Maleki-Dizaji Afsaneh , Francis Sheila E. , Dockrell David H. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionDespite epidemiological associations between community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and myocardial infarction, mechanisms that modify cardiovascular disease during CAP are not well defined. In particular, largely due to a lack of relevant experimental models, the effect of pneumonia on atherosclerotic plaques is unclear. We describe the development of a murine model of the commonest cause of CAP, Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia, on a background of established atherosclerosis. We go on to use our model to investigate the effects of pneumococcal pneumonia on atherosclerosis.MethodsC57BL/6J and ApoE-/- mice were fed a high fat diet to promote atherosclerotic plaque formation. Mice were then infected with a range of S. pneumoniae serotypes (1, 4 or 14) with the aim of establishing a model to study atherosclerotic plaque evolution after pneumonia and bacteremia. Laser capture microdissection of plaque macrophages enabled transcriptomic analysis.ResultsIntratracheal instillation of S. pneumoniae in mice fed a cholate containing diet resulted in low survival rates following infection, suggestive of increased susceptibility to severe infection. Optimization steps resulted in a final model of male ApoE-/- mice fed a Western diet then infected by intranasal instillation of serotype 4 (TIGR4) S. pneumoniae followed by antibiotic administration. This protocol resulted in high rates of bacteremia (88.9%) and survival (88.5%). Pneumonia resulted in increased aortic sinus plaque macrophage content 2 weeks post pneumonia but not at 8 weeks, and no difference in plaque burden or other plaque vulnerability markers were found at either time point. Microarray and qPCR analysis of plaque macrophages identified downregulation of two E3 ubiquitin ligases, Huwe1 and Itch, following pneumonia. Treatment with atorvastatin failed to alter plaque macrophage content or other plaque features.DiscussionWithout antibiotics, ApoE-/- mice fed a high fat diet were highly susceptible to mortality following S. pneumoniae infection. The major infection associated change in plaque morphology was an early increase in plaque macrophages. Our results also hint at a role for the ubiquitin proteasome system in the response to pneumococcal infection in the plaque microenvironment.
Basal mass balance and prevalence of ice tongues in the Western ross sea
Authors: Gomez-Fell Rodrigo , Marsh Oliver J. , Rack Wolfgang , Wild Christian T. , Purdie Heather 
Published: March 2023

Ice tongues at the fringes of the Antarctic ice sheet lose mass primarily through both basal melting and calving. They are sensitive to ocean conditions which can weaken the ice both mechanically or through thinning. Ice tongues, which are laterally unconfined, are likely to be particularly sensitive to ocean-induced stresses. Here we examine ice tongues in the Western Ross Sea, by looking into the factors affecting their stability. We calculate the basal mass change of twelve Antarctic ice tongues using a flux gate approach, deriving thickness from ICESat-2 height measurements and ice surface velocities from Sentinel-1 feature-tracking over the same period (October 2018 to December 2021). The basal mass balance ranges between −0.14 ± 0.07 m yr−1 and −1.50 ± 1.2 m yr−1. The average basal mass change for all the ice tongues is −0.82 ± 0.68 m of ice yr−1. Low values of basal melt suggest a stable mass balance condition in this region, with low thermal ocean forcing, as other studies have shown. We found a heterogeneous basal melt pattern with no latitudinal gradient and no clear driver in basal melt indicating that local variables are important in the persistence of ice tongues in the absence of a strong oceanographic melting force. Moreover, thanks to the temporal resolution of the data we were able to resolve the seasonal variability of Drygalski and Aviator Ice Tongues, the two largest ice tongues studied.
Microvascular and macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Exome wide association analyses
Authors: Mansour Afnan , Mousa Mira , Abdelmannan Dima , Tay Guan , Hassoun Ahmed , Alsafar Habiba 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, metabolic disorder in which concomitant insulin resistance and β-cell impairment lead to hyperglycemia, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. T2DM is associated with long-term complications that have contributed to the burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objective of this manuscript is to conduct an Exome-Wide Association Study (EWAS) on T2DM Emirati individuals to improve our understanding on diabetes-related complications to improve early diagnostic methods and treatment strategies.MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 310 Emirati participants that were stratified according to their medically diagnosed diabetes-related complications: diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and cardiovascular complications. The Illumina’s Infinium Exome-24 array was used and 39,840 SNPs remained for analysis after quality control.FindingsThe analysis revealed the associations of various genes with each complication category: 1) diabetic retinopathy was associated to SHANK3 gene in locus 22q13.33 (SNP rs9616915; p=5.18 x10-4), ZSCAN5A gene in locus 19q13.43 (SNP rs7252603; p=7.55 x10-4), and DCP1B gene in locus 12p13.33 (SNPs rs715146, rs1044950, rs113147414, rs34730825; p=7.62 x10-4); 2) diabetic neuropathy was associated to ADH4 gene in locus 4q23 (SNP rs4148883; p=1.23 x10-4), SLC11A1 gene in locus 2q35 (SNP rs17235409; p=1.85 x10-4), and MATN4 gene in locus 20q13.12 (SNP rs2072788; p=2.68 x10-4); 3) diabetic nephropathy was associated to PPP1R3A gene in locus 7q31.1 (SNP rs1799999; p=1.91 x10-4), ZNF136 gene in locus 19p13.2 (SNP rs140861589; p=2.80 x10-4), and HSPA12B gene in locus 20p13 (SNP rs6076550; p=2.86 x10-4); and 4) cardiovascular complications was associated to PCNT gene in locus 21q22.3 (SNPs rs7279204, rs6518289, rs2839227, rs2839223; p=2.18 x10-4,3.04 x10-4,4.51 x10-4,5.22 x10-4 respectively), SEPT14 gene in locus 7p11.2 (SNP rs146350220; p=2.77 x10-4), and WDR73 gene in locus 15q25.2 (SNP rs72750868; p=4.47 x10-4).InterpretationWe have identified susceptibility loci associated with each category of T2DM-related complications in the Emirati population. Given that only 16% of the markers from the Illumina’s Infinium Exome chip passed quality control assessment, this demonstrates that multiple variants were, either, monomorphic in the Arab population or were not genotyped due to the use of a Euro-centric EWAS array that limits the possibility of including targeted ethnic-specific SNPs. Our results suggest the alarming possibility that lack of representation in reference panels could inhibit discovery of functionally important loci associated to T2DM complications. Further effort must be conducted to improve the representation of diverse populations in genotyping and sequencing studies.
Evolutionary dynamics of Usutu virus: Worldwide dispersal patterns and transmission dynamics in Europe
Authors: Siljic Marina , Sehovic Rastko , Jankovic Marko , Stamenkovic Gorana , Loncar Ana , Todorovic Marija , Stanojevic Maja , Cirkovic Valentina 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundUsutu virus (USUV) is an emerging mosquito-borne Flavivirus, with birds as the main zoonotic reservoir. Humans are accidental hosts and mostly develop mild or even asymptomatic infections, although severe complications such as encephalitis can also arise. Detailed characterization of the pathogen's phylogenetics may offer valuable insights into the prediction and prevention of potential epidemics; however, lack of uniformity and the number of available USUV sequences worldwide hamper comprehensive investigation.AimThe study aimed to investigate USUV spatio-temporal dispersal inter- and intracontinentally and to estimate the dynamics of viral spread within Europe.MethodsPhylogeographic and phylodynamic analyses were done using advanced phylogenetic methods implemented in Beast 1.10.4 and Beast 2.6.4 software packages.ResultsHerein, we report on a new USUV isolate from Culex pipiens collected in 2019 from Serbia. The results of this research revealed two newly described intercontinental migration events of USUV from Africa to Germany in the 1970s and from Africa to the Middle East (Israel) in the late 90s. Finally, phylodynamic analysis substantiated the ongoing active expansion of USUV in Europe.ConclusionThe data would imply a high potential for further USUV expansion in Europe. Detailed phylogenetic characterization of the pathogen may offer valuable insights into prediction and prevention of potential epidemics; however, lack of uniformity and number of available USUV sequences worldwide hampers comprehensive investigation. This study draws attention to the need for upscaling USUV surveillance.
Headache in long COVID as disabling condition: A clinical approach
Authors: Rodrigues Arthur Nascimento , Dias Apio Ricardo Nazareth , Paranhos Alna Carolina Mendes , Silva Camilla Costa , Bastos Thalita da Rocha , Brito Bárbara Barros de , da Silva Nívia Monteiro , de Sousa Emanuel de Jesus Soares , Quaresma Juarez Antônio Simões , Falcão Luiz Fábio Magno 
Published: March 2023

Background and purposeSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can exacerbate previous headache disorders or change the type of pain experienced from headaches. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features of Long COVID headaches.MethodThis was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical observational study that included 102 patients (with previous headache, n = 50; without previous headache, n = 52) with long COVID and headache complaints. The Migraine Disability Assessment Test and Visual Analog Pain Scale were used to collect participants' headache data according to a standardized protocol.ResultsThe patients in this study who reported experiencing headaches before COVID-19 had longer headache duration in the long COVID phase than that in the pre-long COVID phase (p = 0.031), exhibited partial improvement in headache symptoms with analgesics (p = 0.045), and had a duration of long COVID of &lt;1 year (p = 0.030). Patients with moderate or severe disability and those classified as having severe headaches in the long COVID phase were highly likely to develop chronic headaches. Hospital admission [odds ratio (OR) = 3.0082; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.10–8.26], back pain (OR = 4.0017; 95% CI: 1.13–14.17), insomnia (OR = 3.1339; 95% CI: 1.39–7.06), and paraesthesia (OR = 2.7600; 95% CI: 1.20–6.33) were associated with headache in these patients.ConclusionHeadache is a disabling condition in patients with long COVID-19, exacerbating the conditions of those with headaches prior to contracting COVID-19.
Afterload reduction after non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in acute heart failure
Authors: Nagai Michiaki , Dote Keigo , Kato Masaya , Sasaki Shota , Oda Noboru , Förster Carola Y. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionWhile central blood pressure (BP) has been recognized as a major indicator of left ventricular (LV) afterload, the reduction of central pressure decreases LV afterload and may prevent heart failure (HF) decompensation. Non-invasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) was shown to improve cardiac function in HF patients. In this study, the relationship between active tVNS and reduction of central BP was investigated in patients with acute HF (AHF).MethodsThe 22 patients hospitalized for AHF after initial stabilization (median 80 yrs, males 60%) were randomly assigned to active or sham group. For 1 h daily over 5 days, low-level transcutaneous electrical stimulation (LLTS) (20 Hz, 1 mA) was performed after attaching an ear clip to the tragus (active group) or the earlobe (sham control group). Before and after stimulation, central aortic systolic pressure (CASP), brachial systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) as well as heart rate (HR) were noninvasively measured.ResultsNo significant differences in baseline characteristics were observed between the active and sham groups. In the active group, CASP, SBP, DBP, and HR each decreased significantly after stimulation (all p &lt; 0.05), whereas in the sham group, CASP, SBP, DBP, and HR each increased significantly after stimulation (all p &lt; 0.05). All the changes in CASP, SBP, DBP and HR before and after stimulation were also significantly different between active and sham groups (all p &lt; 0.01). There were no device-related side effects.ConclusionIn this study, the left tragus tVNS resulted in an acute afterload reduction in the elderly AHF patients. Non-invasive LLTS may be useful and safe for reducing afterload in AHF.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier UMIN000044121.