bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Insecticidal activity and Genetic Expressions of some Essential Oil and Methomyl Lannate 90% against Spodoptera frugiperda [J.E. Smith]; (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Sadek Hanaa , Elbehery Huda , Mohamed Shereen , El-wahab Tarek Abd 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Fall Armyworm (FAW)Spodoptera frugiperda[J.E. Smith] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is regarded as a major pest of various economic crops, their caterpillars are a highly destructive and have a wide host range. This study's goal was to assess the insecticide potency of essential oils [rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum)] and Methomyl Lannate 90% commerial Insecticide to control FAW and their effected on Expression of caspase-8 and Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) genes and Expression ofAcetylcholinesterase(AChE) gene in FAW. The insecticidal activity against 2nd larval instar was evaluated with five concentrations (2.5%, 2%, 1.0%, 0.5% and 0.25%) for essential oil and four concentrations 0.4%, 0.2%,0.15% and 0.05% for Methomyl Lannate 90%. The findings indicated that raising both essential oil concentrations and Methomyl Lannate 90%, resulted in increased the larval mortality at high concentration. Lemongrass and Cinnamon oil produced about to the same estimated LC50, whereas Methomyl Lannate 90% was (0.3%).Cymbopogon citratus(1.68%) had higher Caspase-8 gene expression levels compared to the control, but at a lower level than Rosmarinus officinalis L. (2.59%) and Cinnamomum zeylanicum (1.67%). The expression levels of Ache gene in the treated by low concentration of Methomyl Lannate were increased (by 313%) significant compared with the control but without significant differences. FAW death as a result of treatment with the tested oils having an effect on the genes that the pest uses to express critical processes. As a result, using the tested essential oils as a substitute for conventional management of FAW is a brilliance option.
Effect of micro-viscosity on the rotational diffusion: pulsed laser based time resolved single molecule study
Authors: Atta Diaa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The effect of the changing in the buffer concentrations or any additives like surfactants to the protein samples during the analysis on the single bio molecule diffusion is one of the hidden points in the single molecule time resolved measurements. In the current work, PGK labeled with Atto 647 has been investigated on the single molecule level while it diffuses in Na2CO3 buffer at concentrations that vary from 10 mg/l up to 50 mg/l. The fluorescence lifetime of PGK labeled with Atto 647 in 50 mg/ml Na2CO3 has been measured, and it was found to be 2.7 ns. The Fluorescence cross correlation (FCS) of the diffused protein has also been measured and it confirms that the used samples are at a single molecule level. Time decay fluorescence anisotropy has been performed for PGK labeled with Atto 647 in different concentrations of Na2CO3, and the results confirmed that there is a clear impact on the molecular translational and rotational diffusion even with slight changes in the buffer concentration.
Risk factors for death among children with severe malaria, Namutumba District, Eastern Uganda, September 2021 - February 2022
Authors: Zalwango Marie Gorreti , Simbwa Brenda Nakafeero , Kabami Zainah , Kawungezi Peter Chris , Wanyana Mercy Wendy , Akunzirwe Rebecca , Zalwango Jane Frances , Kizito Saudah Namubiru , Naiga Hellen Nelly , Ninsiima Mackline , Agaba Brian , Zavuga Robert , King Patrick , Kiggundu Thomas , Kiirya James , Gambaniro Jeremiah , Migisha Richard , Opigo Jimmy , Bulage Lilian , Kwesiga Benon , Kadobera Daniel , Ario Alex Riolexus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: In February 2022, a high number of deaths among children was reported to the Ministry of Health from Namutumba District. The cause was later confirmed as severe malaria. We investigated the scope of severe malaria deaths, identified associated factors, and recommended evidence-based control measures to inform malaria-prevention programming in Namutumba District.
Methods: We conducted an unmatched case-control study in March 2022 in the most affected subcounty (Ivukula Subcounty). We defined a case as death with a history of fever and any of the following: convulsions, difficulty breathing, yellow eyes, tea-colored urine, anemia, loss of consciousness, or reduced urine output in a child ≤12 years from September 2021 to February 2022 in Ivukula Subcounty, Namutumba District. Controls were survivors with the same signs and symptoms, recruited in a 2:1 ratio with cases. We actively searched for cases and controls door-to-door with the help of community health workers. We interviewed caretakers for cases and controls to obtain socio-demographic and clinical data, including health-seeking behavior and health systems risk factors. Drugs and bloodstock status information was obtained from health workers using an interview guide. We identified factors associated with death using multivariate logistic regression and thematic analysis for qualitative data.
Results: Among 46 cases, 29 (63%) were <5 years, and 23 (50%) were female. Death among children with severe malaria was significantly associated with treatment non-completion (aOR=9.7, 95%CI: 1.8–53) and failure to receive blood transfusion for anemic patients (aOR=7.1, (95%CI: 1.4–36). Healthcare workers reported that failure to reach intended referral sites due to transport costs, stockouts of antimalarials and blood products at health facilities, and absence of integrated community case management of childhood illnesses (iCCM) were likely contributors to deaths among children with severe malaria.
Conclusion:
Incomplete or insufficient treatment due to lack of patient resources and drug stockouts contributed to malaria mortality among children ≤12 years in Ivukula Subcounty in Uganda. We recommend accurate quantification of antimalarials for health facilities, offering transport support to severe patients referred to higher-level facilities, and increasing access to blood products. Activation of iCCM could facilitate public health efforts against severe malaria in the district.
The contribution of local shrubs to the carbon footprint reduction of traditional dairy systems in Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors: González-Quintero Ricardo , Sierra-Alarcón Andrea Milena , Benavides-Cruz Juan Carlos , Mayorga-Mogollón Olga Lucía 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cattle farming is responsible for about 15% of Colombian greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE). In Cundinamarca Department, specialized dairy farms located in the high tropics contribute to 14% of national milk production, and 94% correspond to small-scale producers. Therefore, mitigation strategies for dairy farms are needed to achieve the national GHGE reduction targets. This study aims to quantify the carbon footprint (CF), through of a Life Cycle Assessment methodology, of 82 specialized dairy farms at the farm gate in 3 regions of Cundinamarca: Center Savanna, West Savanna, and Ubate Valley; and identify the contribution of Acacia decurrens, Sambucus peruviana, and Baccharis latifolia on milk production increases and GHGE mitigation potential. The GHGE were calculated with the 2019 Refinement to 2006 IPCC guidelines and impact factors from databases. The functional units corresponded to one kg fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM) and one kg live weight gain, in a cradle-to-farm-gate approach. For the 3 regions, the enteric fermentation and manure left in pastures corresponded to the primary sources of on-farm GHGE, and the manufacturing of feed was the main off-farm source. Milk CFs ranged between 1.5 and 2.2 kgCO2-eq kgFPCM− 1. Incorporating Acacia decurrens, Sambucus peruviana, and Baccharis latifolia in cattle diets resulted in a reduction of CF by 13–26% and increased milk yields by 19–37% across the three regions. These findings provide evidence of GHGE mitigation and increased milk productivity through the inclusion of locally available feedstuffs in specialized dairy systems in the high tropics of Cundinamarca.
Skin Type Diversity: a Case Study in Skin Lesion Datasets
Authors: Alipour Neda , Burke Ted , Courtney Jane 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Inadequate skin type diversity, leading to racial bias, is a widespread problem in datasets involving human skin. For example, skin lesion datasets used for training deep learning-based models can lead to low accuracy for darker skin types, which are typically under-represented in these datasets. This issue has been discussed in previous works; however,skin type diversity of datasets and reporting of skin types have not been fully assessed. Frequently, ethnicity is used instead of skin type, but ethnicity and skin type are not the same, as many ethnicities can have diverse skin types. Some works define skin types, but do not attempt to assess skin type diversity in datasets. Others, focusing on skin lesions, identify the issue, but also do not measure skin type diversity in the datasets examined. Building on previous works in the area of skin lesion datasets, this review explores the general issue of skin type diversity in datasets by investigating and evaluating skin lesion datasets specifically. The main contributions of this work are: an evaluation of all publicly available skin lesion datasets and their metadata to assess frequency and completeness of reporting of skin type and an investigation into the diversity and representation of specific skin types within these datasets.
A General Approach to Modeling Covid-19
Authors: Isea Raul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The present work shows that it is possible to analytically solve a general model to explain the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2. First, the within-host model is described, and later a between-host model, where the coupling between them is the viral load of SARS-CoV-2. The within-host model describes the equations involved in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, and also the immune response; while that the between-Host model analyzes the dynamics of virus spread from the original source of contagion associated with bats, subsequently transmitted to a host, and then reaching the reservoir (Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan ), until finally infecting the human population.
Developing Investigative Skills in Astronomy: A Double Star Observation and Analysis Project for Students
Authors: Neagu Gabriel Cristian , Tercu Jan Ovidiu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of double star analysis and observation on middle and high school students' spatial reasoning and data analysis skills. Thirty students from a middle school in Romania participated in double star analysis and observation activities using a 0.4 m f/8 Ritchey Chretien telescope with an SBIG STL-6303E CCD camera mounted on a DDM85 mount. Before and after the activities, students completed questionnaires to assess their interest in astronomy, knowledge of double stars, confidence in analyzing scientific data, and spatial reasoning. These findings suggest that engaging in hands-on activities focused on double star analysis and observation can be an effective way to improve middle and high school students' abilities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.
Life and maladies in the grey area between the up &amp; down regulation of GATA6: Uncharted spots of beta-pancreatic islet cells.
Authors: Waili Amani Hamed Al , Shuhoumi Mohammed Abdullah Al , Turner Mark D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Death and dysfunctionality of pancreatic islet beta-cells are a centric key element in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Saturated fatty acids are commonly circulated in diabetic and obese individuals. Elevated and chronic exposure to fatty acids has a pernicious influence on islet cells’ functionality and survival due to its capability to induce apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, T2DM is a heterogeneous disorder that includes genetic and environmental factors in conjunction with dyslipidaemia with a considerably high rate of morbidity and mortality. There are many genes involved in the pathogenesis that remain to be charted. Here, we show a comprehensive interrogation of GATA6 based on previously published gene expression data on the basis of stating its validity via bioinformatics analysis and reaching a new understanding. Various datasets with different patient cohorts were compared and contrasted. Gene ontology and predictive pathway analysis (e.g., Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway; KEGG) were used to explore interactions of numerous differentially expressed genes. Protein-protein interactions network through the STRING database has appreciated a list of key genes. GATA6 interacted with genes from pathways that were significantly enriched (FDR < 0.05) in the analysis of the KEGG pathway suggesting its close involvement, for example, 'maturity-onset diabetes of the young pathway’ and ‘pathways in cancer’. The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that GATA6 plays an intrinsic role in islet beta cell differentiation and survival, and bioinformatics analysis allows the introduction of potentially reliable biomarkers that interact with GATA6, which required further validation studies.
New approach for determining the optimal point of injection of PV energy into the East interconnected electrical grid Cameroon using the Bald Eagle Search algorithm.
Authors: Steve Perabi Ngoffe , amigue FISSOU filbert , Salomé NDJAKOMO ESSIANE 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, we searched for the optimal node in East interconnected electrical grid Cameroon. By injecting electrical energy from photovoltaics. This makes it possible to meet the demand for electrical energy using renewable energies and to reach the maximum population. We first used the IEEE 33-node network to validate our algorithm, then we used a real electrical grid from EAST Cameroon. The main criterion is the minimization of active energy losses during injection. The algorithm used is the white-necked eagle algorithm was used. The method was implemented in MATLAB to find the optimal node in the radial network of 33 nodes. The results compared to the other methods show a reduced percentage of the total active losses in the network.
Liability for Violation of the Duty of Care and Upbringing in the Criminal Code of the Federal Republic of Germany
Authors: Zaytsev Oleksiy , Pavshuk Kateryna 
Published: July 2023

The relevance of the topic of research is determined by the fact that the problem of non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment by parents (persons who replace them) of childcare responsibilities exists in all countries, regardless of the form of government, state system and income level of the population. Ukraine is in the process of integration with the European Union, so it is useful to study the foreign legislative approach to regulating responsibility for the violation of these obligations. The aim of the article is to study the German experience of establishing criminal liability for non-fulfillment of childcare obligations. Dogmatic, systemic-structural, statistical, historical-legal, formal-legal research methods were used in the research. Attention is paid to German legislation, which provides for the right and duty of parents to care for and bring up children. The genesis of the criminal law regarding the liability for violation of these duties is given. Statistical data on the number of criminal proceedings and persons convicted of this criminal offense (2010–2021) are summarized. The peculiarities of the structure of the crime provided for in § 171 of the Criminal Code of the Federal Republic of Germany have been studied; objective and subjective characteristics. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the doctrine of German criminal law and the practice of courts of general jurisdiction, in particular the Federal Supreme Court of Germany. The practice of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany was used. Based on the study, conclusions were formulated regarding the definition of: the legal interest that is protected; signs of "gross" violation of duties; criteria for establishing the consequence of the crime, which is provided as the tort of creating danger. The peculiarities of the qualification of the crime in case of its commission in a place where an armed conflict is taking place are noted. The allocation of an independent structural section (subsection) in the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which includes criminal offenses against family, is supported. The discussion of the criminalization of harm caused by a crime provided by Art. 166 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, creating a real threat (danger) of causing harm to the victim is proposed.
Dynamics of water temperature and interfacial heat flux in lake ice and under-ice layers
Authors: Huo Jingbo , Shi Xiaohong , Zhao Shengnan , Sun Biao , Li Guohua , Yu Haifeng , Wang Shihuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to understand the temperature dynamics of ice and lake water under ice during ice growth. A vertical temperature monitoring system for ice and water under ice was employed for the first time in Wuliangsuhai Lake from 20 December 2016 to 15 March 2017 to obtain continuous monitoring temperature data necessary for calculating the heat flux density at the ice–water interface. During the ice growth period, the ice body temperature and the water body temperature under the ice show an obvious rising trend from the upper layer to the lower layer. As the ice body enters the melting period, the ice temperature and the water temperature under the ice begin to change rapidly. In the presence of snow over the ice, the fluctuations of ice temperature and water temperature under the ice remain stable. According to the experimental data, the analytical equation derived from the Stefan condition is used to calculate the heat flux at the intersection boundary of ice body and water body under ice, which varies from 1.73 to 19.6 W/m2. The dynamic change of ice thickness is significantly influenced by the temperature of ice and water and the heat flux density at the ice–water interface.
FILOSOFAR COM ARTE
Authors: De Oliveira Joilson 
Published: July 2023

Escrever sobre a relação entre arte e filosofia representa um esforço para construir uma possibilidade de avançar na compreensão e intercecção dessas duas maneiras distintas de produzir conhecimento e sentido, refletindo sobre com a imaginação artistica e o pensamento filosófico.Para tanto, alguns filósofos contemporâneos, principalmente Jean Paul Sartre e Gaston Bachelard são evocados no intuito de referenciarem formas de conceber tal relação entre imagem e pensamento de modo diversos, embora favoreçam a compreensaão dessa tentativa de encontrar um caminho viável na perspectiva de se cogitar Filosofar com arte,pressupondo uma pótica da imaginação pensante.
Experimental Animal Models for Preclinical Investigation of the Bladder
Cancer
Authors: El Khatib Sami , Krayem Maha , Khaled Sanaa , Ayoub Abeer , Salla Mohamed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
The current treatments for bladder cancer are unable to substantially avoid the disease's growth and recurrence, which is a serious public health
problem. Researchers have explored a variety of approaches in an effort to effectively replicate the pathophysiology of human tumors using
experimental tumor models. The investigation of the available models is a necessary tool in order to choose the most appropriate scheme which
serves the translation of potential treatments from a primary experimental bench to the clinical settings. The most suitable murine models of
bladder cancer should have excellent reproductivity, intravesical predictability, and accessibility in order to facilitate the mechanistic, chemopreventive,
and therapeutic research that can be expanded into clinical trials. This article provides a complete evaluation of both in vitro and in vivo
bladder cancer models, comparing their advantages and limitations in urological research.
CircRNAs as a Novel Class of Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in
Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Asemi Reza , Ebrahimi Amrollah , Hamblin Michael R. , Mirzaei Hamed , Asemi Zatollah 
Published: July 2023

:
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mood disorder with uncertain causes and debilitating
signs and symptoms. Gene expression is crucial to the pathophysiology of BD
and could be influenced by genetic or epigenetic factors, by either direct modification of
mRNA templates or by regulation of post-transcriptional translation. Recent evidence
has shown that several critical processes in psychiatric diseases, such as neuronal activity
or plasticity, synaptic transmission, and neuronal depolarization, have all been linked to
circular RNAs (circRNAs). The circRNA profile of neuronal cells, which may be easily
ascertained by a liquid biopsy, may shed light on the molecular pathophysiology of
psychiatric disorders, including BD. This approach could aid in future development in diagnosis
and treatment. In this review, we provide an in-depth understanding of the roles
of circRNAs in the pathophysiology of BD and offer new insight into their potential as
emerging diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets.
Structure Elucidation and Identification of Novel Lead Molecules against
Sulfur Import Protein cysA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Badineni Mounika , Malkhed Vasavi , Rumandla Lavanya , Malikanti Ramesh , Vadija Rajender , Mustyala Kiran Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Aims:
The present work considers the Sulphate import ABC transporter protein (cysA)
as a potential drug target for the identification of inhibitors for the protein.

Background:
The ABC (ATP binding cassette) transporters play a crucial role in the survival and
virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the acquisition of micronutrients from host tissue.

Objectives:
The 3D structural features of the cysA protein are built. Molecular scaffolds are identified
by implementing active site identification, ADME properties, Virtual Screening, and a few
other computational techniques.

Method:
The theoretical model of cysA is predicted using homology modeling protocols, and the
structure is validated by various validation methods. The prediction of partial dimer formation
through protein-protein docking methods gave insight into the conformational changes taking place
in the cysA protein. The natural substrate ATP is docked with cysA protein that confirms the ATP
binding site. To find the drug-like compounds, virtual screening studies were carried out around
the active site by several ligand databases.

Result:
The findings demonstrate the significance of residues SER41, GLY42, ARG50, GLN85,
HIS86, LYS91, ARG142, and ASP161 in drug-target interactions. The docking studies of existing
TB drugs against cysA were also performed. The result analysis shows that none of the existing
drugs inhibits the ATP active site, which confirms cysA as a promising drug target. Using in-silico
methods, the ADME parameters of a few chosen ligand molecules are predicted and contrasted
with the ADME characteristics of the available TB medications.

Conclusion:
The results revealed the values of ADME parameters of selected ligand molecules are
more permissible than existing TB drugs, which emphasizes the drug-like activity of ligand
molecules by inhibition of cysA proteins. The structural data, active site information, and selected
ligand molecules help in the identification of new therapeutic scaffolds for Tuberculosis.