bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient Stellar Collisions as Multimessenger Probes: Nonthermal, Gravitational-wave Emission and the Cosmic Ladder Argument
Authors: Amaro Seoane Pau 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In dense stellar clusters like galactic nuclei and globular clusters, stellar densities are so high that stars might physically collide with each other. In galactic nuclei the energy and power output can be close to, and even exceed, those from supernovae events. We address the event rate and the electromagnetic characteristics of collisions of main-sequence stars (MS) and red giants (RGs). We also investigate the case in which the cores form a binary and emit gravitational waves. In the case of RGs, this is particularly interesting because the cores are degenerate. We find that MS event rate can be as high as tens per year, and that of RGs 1 order of magnitude larger. The collisions are powerful enough to mimic supernovae or tidal disruptions events. We find Zwicky Transient Facility observational data that seem to exhibit the features we describe. The cores embedded in the gaseous debris experience a friction force that has an impact on the chirping mass of the gravitational wave. As a consequence, the two small cores in principle mimic two supermassive black holes merging. However, their evolution in frequency along with the precedent electromagnetic burst and the ulterior afterglow are efficient tools to reveal the impostors. In the particular case of RGs, we derive the properties of the degenerate He cores and their H-burning shells to analyze the formation of the binaries. The merger is such that it can be misclassified with SN Ia events. Because the masses and densities of the cores are so dissimilar in values depending on their evolutionary stage, the argument about standard candles and cosmic ladder should be reevaluated.
Toward Robust Atmospheric Retrieval on Cloudy L Dwarfs: the Impact of Thermal and Abundance Profile Assumptions
Authors: Rowland Melanie J. , Morley Caroline V. , Line Michael R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Constraining L dwarf properties from their spectra is challenging. Near-infrared (NIR) spectra probe a limited range of pressures, while many species condense within their photospheres. Condensation creates two complexities: gas-phase species “rain out” (decreasing in abundances by many orders of magnitude) and clouds form. We designed tests using synthetic data to determine the best approach for retrieving L dwarf spectra, isolating the challenges in the absence of cloud opacity. We conducted atmospheric retrievals on synthetic cloud-free L dwarf spectra derived from the Sonora Bobcat models at SpeX resolution using a variety of thermal and chemical abundance profile parameterizations. For objects hotter than L5 (T
eff ∼ 1700 K), the limited pressure layers probed in the NIR are mostly convective; parameterized pressure–temperature (PT) profiles bias results and free, unsmoothed profiles should be used. Only when many layers both above and below the radiative-convective boundary are probed can parameterized profiles provide accurate results. Furthermore, a nonuniform abundance profile for FeH is needed to accurately retrieve bulk properties of early-to-mid L dwarfs. Nonuniform prescriptions for other gases in NIR retrievals may also be warranted near the L/T transition (CH4) and early Y dwarfs (Na and K). We demonstrate the utility of using realistic, self-consistent models to benchmark retrievals and suggest how they can be used in the future.
Distances to Nearby Molecular Clouds Traced by Young Stars
Authors: Zhang 张 Miaomiao 淼淼 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
I present a catalog of distances to 63 molecular clouds located within ∼2.5 kpc of the Sun. The cloud distances are derived based on utilizing the Gaia DR3 parallaxes of the young stellar objects (YSOs). By identifying AllWISE YSO candidates (YSOCs) with infrared excesses and combining them with published YSOC catalogs, I compile an all-sky YSOC sample that is devoid of a significant proportion of contaminants. Using Gaia DR3 astrometric measurements, I associate over 3000 YSOCs with 63 local clouds and obtain the average distance to each cloud by fitting the YSOC parallax distribution within the cloud. I find good agreements with typical scatter of ≲10% between my new cloud distances and previous distance estimates. Unlike cloud distances obtained using stellar extinction, my catalog provides distances to the relatively dense areas of local clouds, which makes them more appropriate references for investigating the physical properties of nearby dense regions.
MINDS. The Detection of 13CO2 with JWST-MIRI Indicates Abundant CO2 in a Protoplanetary Disk
Authors: Grant Sierra L. , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Tabone Benoît , Gasman Danny , Henning Thomas , Kamp Inga , Güdel Manuel , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Bettoni Giulio , Perotti Giulia , Christiaens Valentin , Samland Matthias , Arabhavi Aditya M. , Argyriou Ioannis , Abergel Alain , Absil Olivier , Barrado David , Boccaletti Anthony , Bouwman Jeroen , o Garatti Alessio Caratti , Geers Vincent , Glauser Adrian M. , Guadarrama Rodrigo , Jang Hyerin , Kanwar Jayatee , Lahuis Fred , Morales-Calderón Maria , Mueller Michael , Nehmé Cyrine , Olofsson Göran , Pantin Eric , Pawellek Nicole , Ray Tom P. , Rodgers-Lee Donna , Scheithauer Silvia , Schreiber Jürgen , Schwarz Kamber , Temmink Milou , Vandenbussche Bart , Vlasblom Marissa , Waters L. B. F. M. , Wright Gillian , Colina Luis , Greve Thomas R. , Justannont Kay , Östlin Göran 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present JWST-MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) spectra of the protoplanetary disk around the low-mass T Tauri star GW Lup from the MIRI mid-INfrared Disk Survey Guaranteed Time Observations program. Emission from 12CO2, 13CO2, H2O, HCN, C2H2, and OH is identified with 13CO2 being detected for the first time in a protoplanetary disk. We characterize the chemical and physical conditions in the inner few astronomical units of the GW Lup disk using these molecules as probes. The spectral resolution of JWST-MIRI MRS paired with high signal-to-noise data is essential to identify these species and determine their column densities and temperatures. The Q branches of these molecules, including those of hot bands, are particularly sensitive to temperature and column density. We find that the 12CO2 emission in the GW Lup disk is coming from optically thick emission at a temperature of ∼400 K. 13CO2 is optically thinner and based on a lower temperature of ∼325 K, and thus may be tracing deeper into the disk and/or a larger emitting radius than 12CO2. The derived

N

CO

2

/

N

H

2

O

ratio is orders of magnitude higher than previously derived for GW Lup and other targets based on Spitzer-InfraRed-Spectrograph data. This high column density ratio may be due to an inner cavity with a radius in between the H2O and CO2 snowlines and/or an overall lower disk temperature. This paper demonstrates the unique ability of JWST to probe inner disk structures and chemistry through weak, previously unseen molecular features.
Proposal (31) to conserve the name Brachypodietalia pinnati Korneck 1974 as a nomen conservandum with a conserved type
Authors: Dengler Jürgen , Willner Wolfgang 
Published: April 2023

After a nomenclatural review of the available names for the order of mesoxeric grasslands within the class Festuco-Brometea, we propose the conservation of the name Brachypodietalia pinnati (with a conserved type) against the names Brometalia erecti and Scorzoneretalia villosae. In syntaxonomic concepts not accepting a single order for the mesoxeric grasslands of Europe, the latter names could still be used, as they are based on different nomenclatural types.
(31) Brachypodietalia pinnatiKorneck 1974: 123 nom. cons. propos.
Typus: Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati Hadač & Klika in Klika and Hadač 1944 (lectotypus; Dengler et al. 2003: 608; typus cons. propos.).
(=) Brometalia erecti W. Koch 1926: 20.
Typus: Bromion erecti W. Koch 1926: 121 (holotypus).
(=) Scorzoneretalia villosaeKovačević 1959: 7
Typus: Scorzonerion villosae Horvatić ex Kovačević 1959 (holotypus)
Syntaxonomic reference: Mucina et al. (2016).
Abbreviations: ICPN = International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature, 4th edn (Theurillat et al. 2021).
Tolerance to Induced Astigmatism With a Monofocal Intraocular Lens Designed to Extend the Depth of Focus
Authors: Rocha Karolinne Maia , Costa Eduardo da , Dodhia Maya , Waring George O. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To determine tolerance to residual astigmatism and visual performance in eyes implanted with a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) designed to extend the depth of focus (Tecnis Eyhance, DIB00; Johnson & Johnson Vision) compared to eyes implanted with a standard monofocal IOL (Tecnis ZCB00; Johnson & Johnson Vision).

Methods:
This prospective, observational study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent routine cataract surgery and implantation of either the DIB00 (n = 20) or ZCB00 (n = 20) IOL. Astigmatic defocus was induced with a plus cylinder from +0.50 to +2.00 diopters (D) in 0.50-D steps for each astigmatic orientation (against-the-rule [ATR], with-the-rule [WTR], and oblique). Outcome measures included the comparison of mean visual acuity at each step of defocus, astigmatic defocus curves, and near and intermediate visual acuity.

Results:
Eyes implanted with the DIB00 demonstrated greater astigmatic tolerance and were more likely to maintain 20/40 or better visual acuity with up to +2.00 D of induced ATR and oblique astigmatism than the ZCB00 IOLs. The DIB00 group showed 1.3 lines better visual acuity at 2.00 D of ATR astigmatic defocus and 1 line better than the ZCB00 group at 1.50 D of oblique astigmatic defocus. Although the distance visual acuity was comparable, near and intermediate visual acuities (both distance-corrected and uncorrected) were better for the DIB00 IOL than for the standard ZCB00 IOL.

Conclusions:
The monofocal IOL designed to extend the depth of focus (DIB00 group) showed greater tolerance to induced astigmatism in ATR and oblique orientations and superior uncorrected and distance-corrected near and intermediate visual acuity than the standard monofocal IOL of the same IOL platform.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(4):222–228.]
Reinvestigación de los ocres de antimonio históricos de cervantitas-tipo
Authors: Garcia-Guinea Javier , Gervilla Fernando , Garrido Fernando , Correcher Virgilio , Marco Jose F. , Tormo Laura 
Published: April 2023

Los ocres de antimonio son óxi-hidróxidos formados por meteorización de estibnita (Sb2S3). Normalmente aparecen como fases minerales simples cristalizadas en el sistema cúbico con estructura de tipo pirocloro y conteniendo algo de calcio y moléculas de agua en su red cristalina. Sus rangos composicionales pueden ser expresados por la fórmula: Sb5+ 2-x (Sb3+, Ca)y (O, OH, H2O)6-7, donde (y) está cerca de 1 y (x) va de 0 a 1. También es muy frecuente que los ocres de antimonio incluyan sustituciones de As, Fe, Ta, Ti, Cu y otros. Esta variabilidad química dentro de la misma estructura ha generado confusiones históricas de nombres de minerales equivalentes con patrones de difracción de rayos X muy similares siendo importante complementar con técnicas analíticas adicionales. El mineral-tipo cervantita de Cervantes (Lugo, España) (Ca, Sb3+)2(Sb5+)2O6(OH) fue desacreditado en 1954 y re-aprobado en 1962 como α-cervantita Sb3+Sb5+O4 difractando muestras de óxidos de antimonio sintéticos y naturales de otras localidades, como por ejemplo de Brasina (Serbia). En este trabajo estudiamos ambos minerales-tipo de Cervantes (Lugo, Spain) y de Zajaca-Stolice (Brasina, Serbia) desde los puntos de vista estructural, químico-elemental, termal, vibracional y de especiación química, asumiendo que los patrones de difracción de rayos X, los de la estructura tipo pirocloro son muy similares entre ellos. El espécimen tipo de Cervantes (Lugo) puede ser considerado como hydroxycalcioromeita (Ca,Sb3+)2(Sb5+)2O6(OH) mientras que el de Brasina Ca2(Sb5+)4O12(OH)2 es muy similar pero sin Sb3+. Ambas muestras contienen calcio y componentes hidratados, es decir, ambos están lejos de ser la α-Cervantita (Sb3+Sb5+O4) oficial anhidra y ortorrómbica. La espectroscopia micro-Raman es esencial para determinar fases minerales y vibraciones de enlaces Sb-O, mientras que espectroscopia FTIR y los ATD-TG fueron útiles para determinar grupos hidroxilos y aguas moleculares y la espectroscopia XPS para definir las especiaciones químicas del antimonio.
Is Inflation in Sri Lanka always and Everywhere a Monetary Phenomenon?
Authors: De Alwis Tyrone , Dewasiri N. J. 
Published: April 2023

This study addresses the issue as monetarist’s claim that inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon. Using annual data obtained from annual report of central bank of Sri Lanka over the period of 1977-2019, we tested the relationship between inflation and real GDP, broad money supply, velocity of money and nominal wages of government sector using ARDL technique. Results clearly indicates that there is a long-run and short-run relationship between inflation and other independent variables. Secondly, estimated results further indicates that velocity of money and broad money supply strongly linked in both long-run and short-run so much so that the results suggesting that money policy tools may be effective in controlling inflation in Sri Lanka. This study has number of policy implications for policy makers in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has been continuously based its monetary policy strategy on the premise that money supply and inflation has strong relationship. In other words, as Milton Friedman put forward “inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon”.
Coleoptera associated with intermittent streams and their riparian zones in south coastal British Columbia
Authors: Schutz Zoey B.D. , Little Chelsea J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntermittent streams that periodically cease surface flow have long been understudied in ecology and underrepresented in conservation policy. However, they currently account for 30–50% of the global river network, and that number is rising due to anthropogenic water extraction, land-use change, and climate change. We explored the Coleoptera biodiversity of the south Pacific coast region of British Columbia, Canada, using pitfall traps at perennial and naturally intermittent stream reaches, in shoreline, dry streambed, and riparian habitats, in both flowing (spring and early summer) and nonflowing (late summer) phases. We found that habitats around perennial reaches had significantly greater abundance of Coleoptera individuals than did those around intermittent reaches. However, neither habitat type nor flow regime was a significant predictor of taxon richness, and intermittent stream sites featured unique taxa that were not found near perennial streams. This aligns with recent results from other taxonomic groups; that is, finding that intermittent ecosystems can host high taxonomic diversity of Coleoptera, on par with or even greater than that of perennial streams. Because intermittent streams will likely become more prevalent within the global river network, a better understanding of how different species use these habitats is needed to inform appropriate biodiversity conservation efforts and flow management.
Correlation between physical activity level and anterior knee pain in Indian recreational and professional athletes
Authors: Tiwari Anjali , Sathe Prachi Khandekar , Sathe Abhinav , Kumar D. Vijay 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Anterior knee pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints seen in the Indian population with high prevalence among those who are active in professional sports and recreational sports. It commonly occurs in many healthy young athletes, especially girls. The aim of the study is to compare the anterior knee pain in recreational and professional athletes.

METHODS:
This study is done to find the correlation between physical activity and anterior knee pain in recreational and professional athletes, using the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale, Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment Scale (VISA) for measurement of pain, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for measurement of physical activity. A total of 112 recreational and professional athletes participated in the study. Both online and offline mode was used in data collection.

RESULTS:
There was a correlation between physical activity and anterior knee pain.

CONCLUSION:
We found a significant negative correlation between IPAQ and Kujala Scores in recreational and professional athletes. A positive correlation between IPAQ and VISA in recreational players and IPAQ and NPRS in professional athletes was found.
Diagnostic Ultrasound-Guided Lumbar Medial Branch Block of Dorsal Ramus in Facet Joint Arthropathy
Authors: Soni Lipika , Mohan Virender K. , Garg Bhavuk , Punj Jyotsna , Bhoi Debesh 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Facet joint (FJ)-mediated pain is one of the frequent causes of low back pain. Fluoroscopy and computed tomography guided medial branch blocks (MBBs) are accepted as standard techniques to diagnose FJ arthropathy. Ultrasound-guided (USG) MBB can be an alternative approach for the diagnostic MBB in FJ arthropathy. This study evaluates the feasibility of USG MBB in FJ arthropathy and validates by fluoroscopy.

Materials and Methods:
Diagnostic USG MBBs were performed in sixty patients. Two medial branches were targeted for each FJ. The needle was inserted in an in-plane technique after identifying the desired site. The needle position was confirmed by fluoroscopy. Pain scores were assessed before and after the nerve block.

Results:
Out of 161 needle insertions, 139 needles (86.3%) were at the radiologically defined target point as confirmed by fluoroscopy and were labeled as successful. Mean baseline, immediately before, immediately after, and at 24 h, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) scores were 7.53 (0.93), 7.02 (0.93), 3.03 (1.75), and 2.80 (1.99), respectively (P < 0.05). The mean Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire scores before and 24 h after block were 48.77 (8.94) and 32.55 (11.32), respectively. Fifty-three patients had ≥60 points on the 100-point scale given by Helbig, and out of these patients, 44 patients had a ≥50% reduction in the NRS score.

Conclusion:
Diagnostic USG lumbar MBBs, a minimally invasive procedure without radiation exposure, can be performed with a high success rate in FJ arthropathy.
Functional Outcome of Percutaneous Spine Endoscopic Intervention in Lumbar Disc Herniation- A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Agarwal Anurag , Rastogi Shivani , Malviya Deepak , Mahapatra Swagat , Kumar Virendra , Tripathi Manoj , Sindhu Kavya 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems among developed and developing nations. The prolapsed intervertebral disc (PIVD) is the most common pathology associated with treatable low back pain. The management protocol for PIVD has evolved from conservative treatment to surgical and finally to minimally invasive pain and spine interventions.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of study was to evaluate the functional efficacy and patient satisfaction in PIVD patients with minimally invasive percutaneous endoscopic disc decompression (PEDD).

Materials and Methods:
All data was obtained from pain medicine OT records of tertiary hospital regarding epidemiological data, VAS score for pain, ODI score for functional outcome and Modified Macnab's criteria for patient satisfaction(Pre-op, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 1 year) were tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 21.

Results:
There were 30 male and 26 female patients in our series with the mean age of the 42.09±10.57 years. The VAS score showed statistically significant improvement 3 months (P=0.034) and at 1 year (P=0.012) postoperative. The modified ODI score showed statistically significant improvement during 3 months (P= 0.015) and 1-year score (P=0.008). The modified MACNAB scores (P= 0.001) showed significant improvement in patient satisfaction. One patient had a recurrence and opted for conventional surgical management. Few patients had transient side effects (dysesthesia-7, mild weakness-1) which improved with conservative measures.

Conclusion:
We conclude that percutaneous endoscopic disc decompression for single-level lumbar disc herniation is a safe, effective and low-cost definitive treatment modality with minimal complications.
Mutation Analysis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Genomic Sequences in India and its Geographical Relations
Authors: Chauhan Pradip Rameshbhai , Rathva Ashish J. , Jethva Kinjal 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been spreading all over the world, including India; the virus has been classified in various clades (L, S, V, G, GH, GR, and others) on the base of mutations. India is vulnerable to the health and financial hazards of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Even after four phases of lockdown, the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections has been increasing in India. Clinical trials for vaccine and ribonucleic acid (RNA)-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor are going on. The study was conducted to analyze SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences submitted from India to identify mutations and their geographical distribution.

Material and Methods:
Three hundred and sixty-three sequences submitted from India were archived (GISAID database), compared with reference sequence (Wuhan, China), and phylogenetic tree was prepared. Sequences with more than 1% nucleotide stretching were excluded for mutation analysis, and multiple sequence analysis for 317 sequences was done. Mutations were analyzed as per phases of lockdown and geographical distribution.

Results:
Clade “GH” appears in the second and third phases of lockdown; the clade “V” has not been reported after March 17, 2020, in India. Spike protein mutation D614G was found in 166 sequences, out of which 164 sequences show P323 L mutation of nonstructural protein 12 (nsp12). RNA-dependent RNA polymerase coding nsp12 shows 23 types of 364 amino acid mutations.

Discussion and Conclusion:
SARS-CoV-2 shows increasing mutations with the time and spread of the virus. The mutations in spike protein and nsp12 regions are critical for response to undergoing trials of vaccines and drugs.
Carrying Angle of the Elbow Joint in Young Caucasian and Indian American Population
Authors: Sadacharan Chakravarthy Marx , Alikhan Sukaina B. , Packirisamy Vasanthakumar , Murlimanju B. V. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
To establish normative anthropometric data about the carrying angle, length of the forearm, hip circumference, and body height for young Indian American and Caucasian population and to test statistically the ethnic and gender differences. The objective was also to compare the right and left carrying angle in the ethnic groups.

Material and Methods:
The present study included 200 students from the American population. Among them, 100 were Caucasians (50 females and 50 males), and 100 were Indian Americans (50 females and 50 males). These participants were aged between 18 and 30 years. Goniometer was used to measure the carrying angle, the hip circumference, body height, and length of forearm were also determined.

Results:
The present study observed that there was no statistical significance for the carrying angle compared between sides and genders of both the ethnic groups (P > 0.05). The carrying angle was higher (P < 0.05) in Caucasians than in the Indian Americans, both over the right and left upper extremities. This was observed in both the genders. The comparison between genders showed that, carrying angle was higher for females (P < 0.05) than the males in both Caucasians and Indian Americans.

Discussion and Conclusion:
This investigation contributes the morphological database in Indian Americans and Caucasians for the carrying angle. The morphological findings of this study could be used as reference values for the clinical application and ergonomics. The knowledge about the carrying angle is imperative during the surgical procedures at the elbow joint.