bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marcadores tumorais e sua relação com o prognóstico no câncer de pulmão
Authors: Mendonça Lorena Bezerra , Silva Ingrid Martins Monteiro da , Fontana Amanda Simionatto , Barddal Neto Edgar Atos , Souza Felipe Thiago Pereira de , Pereira Julia Salvatori Piovesan , Paulista Juliano Ferrari , Scheid Larissa Weizenmann , Amaral Luiz Otavio Santos , Silva Pedro Alceu Osorio , Miranda Theciane Gabriela Santiago de , Heinen Victor Borges da Silva , Botelho Clovis 
Published: August 2023

Discorrer sobre os marcadores tumorais do câncer de pulmão sua relação com o prognóstico do paciente. Métodos: O artigo usou como base de dados da biblioteca digital Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e do Pub Med realizando a revisão desses trabalhos selecionados. Os descritores utilizados para a pesquisa foram: marcadores de prognóstico, câncer de pulmão, marcadores tumorais. Resultados: Diversos marcadores podem ajudar a revelar pré-disposições para o desenvolvimento do tumor, auxiliar na conduta clínica e terapêutica, mesmo que não possuam valor diagnostico concreto. Conclusão: Os hábitos de vida podem influenciar no desenvolvimento de marcadores biológicos, apesar disso sua real contribuição para o diagnostico, como prognóstico ainda não é totalmente esclarecida, o que mostra a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre o assunto.Palavras-Chave: Prognóstico; Câncer de pulmão; Biomarcadores tumorais.
Birds of the Sahyadri
Authors: Gole Prakash 
Published: August 2023

During my observations between December 1994 and April 1996 in the Sahyadri region, I covered various locations with average altitudes mentioned in brackets. I excluded the Konkan side, the western face overlooking the Arabian sea, and the region just north of Goa. The observed bird species belong to the southern western ghat.
I documented 205 bird species, fewer than the recorded 246. Other observers added 20 species, and three new sight records were established. Consequently, 18 bird species lack recent records and may have vanished from the Sahyadri. There are 48 bird families in this range.
Bird habitats encompass canopy evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, various types of deciduous forests, woodlands, bungalow compounds, secondary forests, scrub, thorn forest, grasslands, plateaus, and rocky slopes. Birds of prey, swallows, and martins were primarily observed in flight.
Moist deciduous and semi-evergreen forests between 620m and 920m altitude host the greatest bird diversity. However, 25 forest bird species, many endemic to Western Ghats, rely on canopy forests. Unfortunately, canopy forests are declining, endangering these species. Shrinking endemic species' ranges pose a global threat, while other forest types pressure seven more species. Harishchandragad and Mahabaleshwar offer specialized environmental conditions, making replacement of lost birds improbable.
Habitat disturbance causes include tree cutting, agriculture, settlement, tourism, forest product collection, and shifting cultivation. Urgent corrective actions involve conserving and expanding forest patches, restricting commercial and tourism development, requiring developers to take restorative measures, involving local communities in forest management, and intensifying nature education and conservation awareness efforts across all sectors.
Turtles & Lizards of the Sahyadri
Authors: Nalavade Sanjeev B. 
Published: August 2023

Maharashtra boasts a diverse reptile population with 105 species across 19 families. These fall into three orders: Crocodiles, Turtles and Tortoises, and Lizards (Lacertilia and Ophidia). The Sahyadri region, part of Maharashtra, hosts four turtle and tortoise species and 25 lizard species.
Of the four turtle and tortoise species in Sahyadri, three are freshwater types - Peninsular black tortoise, Penninsular flapshell, and Deccan softshell, while Indian starred tortoise is terrestrial.
Within Sahyadri's 25 lizard species, Geckoes dominate with 10 species. Brook's gecko is common in hill stations, while rock gecko prefers rocky habitats. House geckoes, termite hill gecko, banded gecko, and bark gecko are distributed but uncommon. Forest calotes, bloodsucker, and fan-throated lizards have diverse habitat preferences.
Common Brahminy skink and Little skink are widespread among six skink species. The status of lacertid lizards is uncertain, and the monitor lizard is threatened due to hunting.
To Disclose or Not to Disclose: Lessons from a Eulogy’ Observations from Port Autonome de Douala v. Douala International Terminal (Paris Court of Appeal No. RG 20/18330)
Authors: Ho Delphine 
Published: August 2023

In January 2023, the Paris Court of Appeal set aside a partial award issued in an ICC arbitration on the basis that an eulogy delivered by the presiding arbitrator (‘President’) to counsel in the arbitration gave rise to reasonable doubts as to the President’s independence and impartiality.
Arbitration awards, setting aside
Dilemma of the Interested Director in Pakistan: Lessons from English Courts’ Jurisprudence
Authors: Khokhar Farqaleet 
Published: August 2023

No-conflict and no-profit rules thrive in Company Law to extract the director’s undivided loyalty towards the company and oblige him to avoid conflict of interest and not to earn profit at the expense of the company and its shareholders. Disclosure of interest is required if the director steps into a situation of conflict of interest. Despite the statutory clarity, Pakistani courts’ attitude is not uniform and provides ample space for a loose or broad interpretation of the law concerning the application of these equitable rules, as the stringent application of rules satisfies the statute but the flexible application of these rules, and the categorization of disclosure of interest and exoneration of the director from breach of duty in cases of non-disclosure seem problematic and this does not sit well with the statutory requirement. Thereby setting up unhindered bridges to fill gaps between the Companies Law and Pakistani courts’ jurisprudence. The article focuses on the penumbral manners, as for the sake of completeness it compares the Pakistani legal regime with the English courts’ jurisprudence, which is more uniform and advanced, with the intent that Pakistani courts can learn the lessons from well-established English courts’ jurisprudence.
Directors’ fiduciary duties, duty to avoid conflict of interest, no-conflict rule, no-profit rule, company’s best interest, director’s personal interest, interested director, disclosure of interest, nature and extent of disclosure, implied or explicit disclosure
ChatGPT: Is This New AI Tool a Risk to Your Business?
Authors: Henderson Rebecca 
Published: August 2023

It is difficult not to have heard about and/or be intrigued by the latest version of the Artificial intelligence (AI) software, ChatGPT, which since being launched in January 2023 has quickly become one of the most popular applications used by consumers. With its impressive abilities to write about a very wide range of topics and subject matters, now over 100 million people worldwide use ChatGPT on a daily basis. However, with increased use of this tool for work purposes, does your organization need to consider some rules/regulations around employee use of ChatGPT?
Artificial Intelligence, Digital Transformation, Legal regulation, Technology
DAC7: Some Thoughts on the Different Roles of Platform Operators and the Appropriate Definition of the Scope of Reporting Obligations
Authors: Persiani Alessio 
Published: August 2023

As from 2023 the Directive 2021/514/EU adopted on 22 March 2021 (DAC7) require platform operators to comply with due diligence and reporting obligations on the sellers offering goods or services via digital platforms. The article discusses the different roles that the platform operators may play from a business standpoint and reflects on the implications of such different roles for the purpose of appropriately defining the scope of DAC7 reporting obligations. In the author’s opinion, such scope should be defined attributing crucial relevance to the income reporting obligation with the platform operators for (accounting and) tax purposes. In this sense, in all cases where the platform operator is already required to disclose the overall consideration paid by the customer in its income tax return the reporting obligations laid under the DAC7 should not apply, as there would not be any risk of tax evasion.
DAC7, platforms, platform operators, principal, intermediary, tax evasion, disclosed agent, undisclosed agent
Forum: AG Kokott Tries to Bring Clarity to the Selectivity Test for Individual Tax Rulings
Authors: Rossi-Maccanico Pierpaolo 
Published: August 2023

In an opinion of 4 May 2023 in Case C-454/21 P, Engie, Advocate General Kokott proposes a new standard of state aid review of individual tax measures such as the tax rulings, based on a manifestly erroneous application of tax law (favourable to the taxpayer) by the national tax administration. Considering that, in order to assess the selective nature of tax rulings, only national law must constitute the frame of reference and that in any event, only tax rulings that are manifestly erroneous with regard to national law can constitute a selective advantage, Advocate General Kokott has called on the Court to annul the Commission’s decision finding that Luxembourg granted the Engie group unlawful state aid in the form of tax advantages, as well as the judgment of the General Court.
State aid control, direct taxation, notion of selective advantage, Commission practice, aggressive tax planning, individual tax rulings, tax system of reference, comparability, Union Courts review, annulment of Commission decision
The Unilateral Turn in EU Trade and Investment Policy
Authors: Verellen Thomas , Hofer Alexandra 
Published: August 2023

As part of the European Commission’s Open Strategic Autonomy agenda, the European Union has reformed its unilateral trade and investment policy toolbox. Existing instruments have been updated (e.g., Trade Defence Instruments, the Enforcement Regulation) and new instruments have been adopted (e.g., the Foreign Subsidies Regulation, the Foreign Direct Investment Screening Regulation, the Anti-Coercion Instrument). These developments are significant: taken together, they herald a unilateral turn in the EU’s trade and investment policy. This special issue explores aspects of this unilateral turn. It combines a bird’s-eye perspective with studies of specific instruments; it brings together political science and legal methodologies; and it looks at the unilateral turn from the inside-out and from the outside-in. The special issue scratches the surface of what we consider to be a seismic change in the EU’s trade and investment policy. We hope it will trigger further debate and scholarly analysis of this important topic. In this introduction, we set the scene and introduce the six articles that are part of this special issue.
unilateral turn, unilateralism, EU trade and investment policy, security, sustainability, level playing field, geopolitics, geopoliticization, economic coercion, restrictive measures, common commercial policy
ESG Metrics Disclosures for Index-Listed Companies in Paris, New York and Johannesburg
Authors: Kilian N. 
Published: August 2023

Against the background of Index listed companies, for example the Paris Stock Exchange (Euronext) CAC 40 ESG Index, New York (NY) Stock Exchange iShares Core MSCI World UCITS ETF Index and the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) Equity Fund or Index, this article will review similarities in ESG metrics disclosures relevant to each index and whether a stock exchange could rate an index for ESG compliance without making use of an external rating company, for example MSCI. This article also discusses the method used by MSCI to rate listed companies for ESG compliance and whether asset or fund managers could rate their investment portfolios independently from a stock exchange. In this regard, three asset managers – BNP Paribas, Blackrock and Old Mutual – are examined for similarities in their ESG rating processes. In addition, this article explains whether the above stock exchanges are using the same ESG metrics or not.
Paris Stock Exchange, New York Stock Exchange, Johannesburg Stock Exchange, ESG, asset manager index, asset manager ESG compliance, ESG rating, United Nations Sustainable Stock Exchanges Initiative
DOSVOX COMO AUXILIAR NO PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA DE ALUNOS COM E SEM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Barros Marlon Augusto das Chagas , Miranda Jessica da Silva , De Lima Thaina de Nazaré Silva , Martini Luiz Cesar 
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho, que constitui a primeira etapa de uma pesquisa de doutorado, visa relatar a construção, com base no desenho universal para a aprendizagem, de atividades de alfabetização matemática para alunos com e sem deficiências. Optamos pela alfabetização matemática como uma forma de buscar enriquecer as bases cognitivas dos discentes para favorecer a compreensão de conceitos posteriores. As atividades foram elaboradas no aplicativo DOSVOX, explorando a visualização e o som emitido pelo software a fim de atender estudantes com e sem deficiências. Ademais, ao longo do trabalho, discutiremos a importância do processo de alfabetização matemática, aspectos sobre o desenho universal para a aprendizagem, o DOSVOX e o processo de construção das atividades. Espera-se que o relato contribua para reflexões acerca da importância do processo de alfabetização matemática na construção de bases cognitivas a fim de amenizar as dificuldades presentes no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de matemática da atualidade. Além disso, espera-se que o trabalho contribua, também, para reflexões acerca da construção de atividades que busquem atender a diferentes públicos de alunos, contribuindo para o aumento de possibilidades para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem destes.
RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS E A PARTICIPAÇÃO ATIVA DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES NA GOVERNANÇA GLOBAL
Authors: Ferreira Naiara Silva , Da Silva Danielle Silva , Oliveira Ronny Luis Sousa , Noronha Antônio Renato Bezerra 
Published: August 2023

Este artigo analisa como e por que, no contexto das Relações Internacionais, a subjetividade das crianças tem sido frequentemente relegada a contextos marginais e as próprias crianças são automaticamente associadas à necessidade de proteção em situações vulneráveis, como por exemplo o de crianças soldados, refugiadas, trabalhadores escravos e sexualmente abusadas. Sendo assim, é necessario refletir a infância como uma plataforma de governança global e pontencial para o alcance dos 17 ODS (Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável – Agenda 2030), identificando formas alternativas de encontrar nesse atores internacionais da sociedade civil e sua agência, uma posição mais central em RI, em termos de várias formas de ativismo infantil, como o papel das crianças com as mudanças climáticas, crianças e segurança humana, crianças e resiliência, e no seu papel inevitável na governabilidade do mundo futuro. Além disso, tem crescido a quantidade de abordagens que criticam as políticas tradicionais centradas no Estado nas análises das relações internacionais, defendendo, em vez disso, enfoques que reconheçam os atores da sociedade civil como protagonistas nesse processo. A metodologia empregada foi a análise do discurso de personalidades infanto-juvenis que impactam o cenário internacional e a analise de relatórios do Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (UNICEF) da ONU dos períodos de 2019 à 2023. Os resultados demonstram que apesar das problemáticas que atingem esses atores internacionais, eles precisam de um espaço para se envolver com aqueles que vão colocar as 17 ODS em prática e assim ter uma participação ativa. Elas podem ajudar a mudar sua própria vida e suas comunidades, pois têm ideias, energia ilimitada para a ação e a maior participação no futuro.
POSSIBILIDADE NA ANÁLISE DE IMAGENS GERADAS POR DRONE, PARA MONITORAMENTO E CONTROLE DE UMA ÁREA, PRODUZIDA NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DO RECIFE
Authors: Pedrosa Emerson Marinho , Ventura Antonio Aritan de Oliveira , Da Silva Luciano Nunes 
Published: August 2023

O uso de drone se populariza cada vez mais e nos mais diferentes setores. Este artigo investiga a possibilidade da aplicação de imagens e vídeos obtidos por um veículo aéreo não tripulado, denominado drone, no monitoramento e controle, obtidas numa área da região metropolitana do Recife. Apresentando um breve histórico, seus principais conceitos e definições, e regulamentação cabível para sua utilização. Os procedimentos metodológicos vinculados a pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório com atividade prática de campo, apoiados por trabalhos bibliográficos, procedendo-se a seleção e análise das informações extraídas das imagens e vídeos registrados. Compreendendo-se que a interpretação das imagens aéreas favorecem às apresentações de relatórios específicos a cada área estudada, além do grande potencial comercial embarcado. As avaliações qualitativas nos permite afirmar que o monitoramento de áreas de potencial interesse, com a captura de imagens por meio de um drone, demostra ser uma atividade assertiva e produtiva, agilizando processos, ao gerar dados de qualidade com a devida precisão e segurança.
Estudio clínico patológico e inmunohistoquímico de las placentas de gestantes con Sars Cov 2.
Authors: Infante Dale Dimar Natali , García de Barriola Victoria 
Published: August 2023

Se ha descrito que el virus SARSCoV-2 tiene predilección por el receptor ECA II (Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina II) presente en neumocitos, enterocitos y en las células trofoblásticas de la placenta. Estudiamos seis casos de placentas de gestantes PCR positivas para SARSCov2. Cinco, con, antecedentes patológicos importantes se infectaron en el tercer trimestre. El peso placentario fue menor de 750 gramos en cuatro. Los hallazgos morfológicos fueron inespecíficos: envejecimiento placentario, hemorragia intervellosa, corioamnionitis aguda. No observamos trombos. ACE II fue positivo en la decidua y en el endotelio en cinco de los seis casos. Las células del trofoblasto resultaron negativas. Dos casos tuvieron malformaciones congénitas, dos casos fueron dados de alta luego de observación, un caso presentó hipoxia neonatal atribuido a insuficiencia placentaria (la madre presentó preeclampsia) y un caso fue muerte fetal intrauterina (la madre se infectó en el segundo trimestre, la placenta presentó villitis crónica inespecífica y las membranas mostraron corioamnionitis aguda). Consideramos que estos hallazgos sugieren la presencia del virus en los tejidos maternos y no en las vellosidades coriales. Sin embargo la perfusión placentaria si se comprometió en estos casos estudiados. Estudios posteriores de las placentas nos permitirán conocer la fisiopatología de ésta enfermedad.
Caste Issue in Literature and Regional Literature
Authors: Singh Ravindra Kumar 
Published: August 2023

The key objective of this piece of writing is to examine the manner in which caste is portrayed as a subject for two popular schools of writing in India, that is, Indian Literature in English & Indian Literature in other languages. The collaboration of David Davidar & Omprakash Valmiki is chosen for the post. Among their plays, The House of Blue Mangoes (2002) & Joothan: A Dalit's Life (2003) are selected because they deal with caste problems. Both plays are critical portrayals of the lives of low-caste citizens & their efforts to come to grips with the truth of their shackled life. This is not a question of classifying the two schools of writing, but of examining their disparities in the way they explain the caste concept as portrayed in mainstream writing and regional writing. In order to understand the developments in writing & regional writing, it is important to have an overview of Indian literature in English & Indian literature in English translation.
BABUR'S CHARACTERIZATION SKILLS IN THE “BABURNAMA”
Authors: Khalidbek Abdullatif , Zahed Muhammad Zahir 
Published: August 2023

In the history of our literature, we rarely find a book like "Baburnama" in which people and their characterization are given a large place. Characterization is like a person's height, face, eyes, clothes, behavior, and morals. In this work, we come across a clear, unique characterization of many people: when it comes to Khans, Emirs, and Begs, there are given short, clear descriptions of their date of birth and lineage, shape and appearance, morals and character, the occurrence of wars, and their commanders. This type of poetic unit, which guarantees the artistry of the author of the work, is considered one of the most important elements in the original literature.
Babur explores characters' inner lives as well as their outward manifestations when developing characterization, noting both the positive and negative aspects of historical figures. It fully demonstrates the author’s skills by portraying the characters in such a realistic manner and by clearly and thoroughly expressing their functions.
A BRIEF VIEW ON THE EFFECTIVE ASPECTS OF THE HISTORIAN IN THE PROCESS OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Kosha Dr. Fahim 
Published: August 2023

It must be acknowledged that the effects of the characteristics and qualities of successful historians in scientific historical research are important and sensitive in every aspect. Because a successful researcher always looks at the phenomena around him with curiosity and truth-seeking plans. Because he has a sensitive, dynamic and searching mind toward what is happening around him. In order to prove historical facts, experienced researchers are constantly trying to identify the authenticity of historical events and phenomena through active methods, especially criticism and analysis, controversy and debate, and make them accessible to the lovers of science and knowledge and human societies.
In the same way, the significance of the research is as the followings: it identifies the characteristics of the researcher with its positive and negative aspects, such as the good ethics of authorship, honesty, maintaining trustworthiness, having professional and specialized literacy, the authority of impartiality towards writing and the truthful expression of the content. However, regarding the negative aspects of the researcher, issues such as: bias, non-personality, biased expression and illegal betrayals of the researcher have been mentioned. Accordingly, the mentioned issues have added to the importance of this scientific research. In addition, more attention has been paid to its positive aspects and avoid its negative aspects.
Furthermore, in general the purpose of study is to include the issues of introducing the main features of researchers in the field of history. Particularly, the purpose of this study is to express the positive and negative aspects of the researcher, keeping in mind the requirements of time and maintaining trustworthiness. Last but not least, a library research method was applied to analyze and discuss the materials.