bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors for conversion to laparotomy in women undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy. An evaluation of clinicopathological factors in the era of minimally invasive gynecology.
Authors: Lamersdorf Ludwig , Rad Morva Tahmasbi , Karn Thomas , Gasimli Bahar , Bachmann Annette , Becker Prof. Sven , Gasimli Khayal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Abdominal hysterectomy by laparotomy has been largely replaced by minimal invasive surgery. Nevertheless, in some situations a minimally invasive intervention must be converted to laparotomy. Factors associated with conversion to laparotomy are still a matter of debate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinicopathological factors for conversion and to develop a preoperative scoring system predicting the likelihood of laparotomy.Methods: Four hundred forty-one patients who underwent hysterectomy by benign diagnosis in the period of 2016 to 2020 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Primary endpoint was to reevaluate the rate and risk factors of conversion of a preplanned laparoscopic procedure to laparotomy. The potential predictive factors such as age, BMI, type of diagnosis, surgeon’s experience, uterus weight, leiomyoma size, previous surgeries, and coagulopathies are studied. Associations between the clinical factors were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact test.Result: In 32 (7.26%) patients during hysterectomy for benign diagnosis conversion to laparotomy occurred. Significant differences were detected for uterus weight, myoma size, and type of diagnosis. Conversion caused prolonged surgery time and hospital stay, as well as an increased rate of wound infection. In multivariate logistic regression uterus weight, adnexal pathology, non-physiological adhesions, and myoma size predicted conversion. A 10-gramm difference in uterus weight increased the risk of conversion by 7.0%, and a 1-cm difference in leiomyoma diameter by 7.3%, while adnexal findings and extensive adhesions displayed odds ratios of 3.2 (1.09–9.6) and 3.6 (1.3–10.0), respectively.Conclusion: Uterus weight, myoma size, simultaneous pathological adnexal findings, and non-physiological adhesions are independent risk factors for conversion from laparoscopy to laparotomy.
Early-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting as Membranous Lupus Nephritis in a 2-Year-Old Male: A Case Report
Authors: Román Luis Francisco Cantú San , Gonzalez José Antonio Villanueva , Campos Marcela Rodríguez , Garate Mauricio Saucedo , Rivera Juan Alberto Canizalez , Hamilton Robert Luis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Lupus Nephritis (LN) is a severe manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), which has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. LN not often diagnosed before the age of 5 years and predominantly develops in girls. This case report adds to the limited literature on early-onset SLE presenting as membranous lupus nephritis in a 2-year-old male. Early recognition and intervention are crucial to preserve kidney function and improve outcomes. Timely management is critical for maintaining kidney function and preventing future complications.
Case Presentation: We report a case of a 2-year-old Mexican male patient from a low-income region; autoimmune anemia and immune thrombocytopenia are the initial diagnoses. Despite treatment with prednisone and cyclosporine, we not observed response. In following days, we admitted the patient to our center with nephrotic-range proteinuria, hypertension and hematuria. Membranous lupus nephritis class V has identified by kidney biopsy. The diagnosis of membranous lupus nephritis in this young patient with clinical features of autoimmune disease highlighted the importance of considering SLE in all patients, regardless of age. The proposed treatment plan consisted of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, which significantly improved the patient's condition.
Conclusions: This case highlights the atypical presentation of SLE in a 2-year-old male and underscores the importance of maintaining a high degree of suspicion for SLE in young children. The rarity of SLE in this age group makes this case unique and emphasizes the need for early detection and intervention. By promptly diagnosing and treating SLE, we can improve outcomes and lower the chance of long-term complications, like chronic kidney disease. More investigation and case reporting are required in order to improve our comprehension of the unique clinical presentation and management of early-onset SLE.
Analysis of Renewable Energy Consumption and Economy Considering the Joint Optimal Allocation of "Renewable Energy + Energy Storage + Condenser"
Authors: Wang Zesen , Li Qi , Kong Shuaihao , Li Weiyu , Luo Jing , Huang Tianxiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The power system presents a "double high" characteristic with an increased renewable energy penetration rate. Taking renewable energy as the main body brings significant challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. On the one hand, the voltage support capacity of the renewable energy grid point must be improved due to the weak support of renewable energy power generation equipment. There is a severe energy phenomenon of abandonment and power limitation. On the other hand, due to the volatility and randomness of the renewable energy output, the power abandonment of renewable energy is serious. "Renewable energy + energy storage + condenser" joint intelligent control and optimization technology can effectively improve the limit of renewable energy delivery capacity, improve the utilization rate of renewable energy, and meet the demand for renewable energy delivery and consumption. Firstly, according to the definition of the MRSCR index, the mechanism of distributed condensers to improve the short circuit ratio is analyzed. Secondly, taking the minimum total cost of system operation as the optimization objective, a time series production simulation optimization model is established, and a time series production simulation optimization method considering the joint optimization configuration of "renewable energy + energy storage + condenser" is proposed. Finally, through the joint calculation of BPA, SCCP, and production simulation model, the actual large-scale renewable energy and thermal power are combined through the AC/DC transmission system as an example to verify. The research results show that "Renewable energy + energy storage + condenser" joint intelligent control and optimization technology can improve renewable energy sending and absorbing capacity and bring good economic benefits.
Bone growth after fracture of the femoral shaft in children
Authors: Itonaga Ichiro , Iwasaki Tatsuya , Kaku Nobuhiro , Tsumura Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Overgrowth after femoral diaphyseal fractures in children has been well-known. The process and degree of overgrowth vary among patients, making it difficult to predict the length of the fractured femur at growth arrest.Materials and Methods 3 cases aged 4–7 years (2 boys and 1 girl) with femoral diaphyseal fractures were subjected. Observation period was 6–12 years. Leg length was assessed by taking a simple X-ray of the entire lower extremities in a standing position.Results 2 cases underwent anatomical reduction and external fixation. After the fracture had healed, there was overgrowth of the fractured femur, resulting in leg length discrepancy. Both cases were treated with an 8-plate temporal epiphysiodesis. 1 case was treated conservatively with skeletal traction, and fracture was healed with overriding of bone fragments. Overgrowth occurred and resulted in a fractured femur that became longer than opposite side. However, leg length discrepancy was gradually self-corrected and was eventually eliminated.Conclusions Overgrowth after femoral diaphyseal fracture was seen in all patients. Overgrowth tended to occur rapidly after the fracture and then slow down. Leg length discrepancy caused by overgrowth may be corrected during growth to some degree, and it should be decided whether patient need additional treatment.
Discrimination of Wheat Varieties by Terahertz Time-domain Spectroscopy and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Shen Yin , Li Guanglin , Li Zeju , Ai Ming , Wang Liang , xiong xingling , tao dan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A feasibility study on variety discrimination was organized for 12 wheat varieties before warehousing by applying the Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) technology in combination with convolutional neural network (CNN) considering the time-consuming and complex traditional methods for discrimination of wheat varieties that require great number of pretreatment processes. In the experiment, the original time-domain spectra (TDS) of wheat in the range of 0.1~2.0THz were acquired, and the frequency domain spectra (FDS), the refractive index spectra and the absorption coefficient spectra in the range of 0.1~1.4THz were obtained by removing noise and irrelevant information through Fourier Transform and SNV smoothing pretreatment. The competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and Uninformative Variable Elimination (UVE) algorithms were applied to screen the absorption coefficient spectra, which were then trained as the input parameters for building the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model, the Least Square Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) model and the Back-Propagation Neural Networks (BPNN) model for discrimination. A seven-layer convolutional neutral network (CNN) was designed to train the full-spectrum information matrix, which comprises 3 convolution layers, 2 pooling layers, 1 full connection layer and 1 output layer. In the meantime, the Stochastic Gradient Descent Momentum (SGDM) and Dropout operation were introduced in CNN, facilitating the convergence of model and effectively avoiding the overfitting. As for the CNN built during the experiment, the calibration set accuracy and predication set accuracy reached up to 98.7% and 97.8% respectively, with the wrong discrimination rate of 2.2% only. As for the traditional SVM, BPNN and LS-SVM models, the accuracy rates were 89.6%, 87.2% and 90.6% respectively, while the wrong discrimination rates were 10.4%, 12.2% and 9.4%, respectively. The accuracy of the aforesaid three traditional models is lower than that of CNN built during the experiment. According to the results, THz-TDS can be applied to effectively acquire the relevant information about wheat varieties. It is a reliable and efficient solution to discriminate wheat varieties by applying THz-TDS technology in combination with CNN, bearing important practical significance and positive application prospect.
Validity of parental recall to estimate vaccination coverage: Evidence from nine districts in Malawi
Authors: Phiri Vincent Samuel , Stanley Christopher , Msuku Harrison , Chinkhumba Jobiba , Tembo Atupele Kapito , Mathanga Don P 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
During household surveys, vaccination coverage is commonly estimated through vaccination cards and parental recall. Although data from vaccination cards are more reliable than parental recall, both approaches are prone to selection and information bias. At times, vaccination cards may not be available because of loss or misplacement necessitating the use of parental recall as alternative.
In this study, the validity of the vaccination coverage from these two sources were compared. Individual and household level factors associated with recall bias were also assessed.
Methods
The vaccination coverage of the parental recall and vaccination card were calculated separately for each of the vaccines. The level of agreement was computed between the estimates from the parental recall and vaccination cards. Sensitivity and specificity of parental recall were computed. The study also examined the factors that would be associated with recall bias. Multiple logistic regression model by vaccine type were fitted where odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were reported.
Results
The vaccination coverage for BCG was 98.6 for card-based and 98.1 for parental recall. The vaccination coverage for OPV was 98.9 for card-based and 98.1 for parental recall. For PCV, it was 99.6 for card-based and 97.4 for parental recall. For measles was 84.1 for card-based and 88.0 for parental recall. The results show a high level of agreement between parental recall and card-based (>97%) across all vaccines. The parental recall bias was minimal ranging from 1.13 to 6.66. The sensitivity of parental recall was almost 100% with low specificity. Factors such as parental and child age was associated with parental recall bias for PCV and measles
Conclusion
The study has demonstrated and supported the need to use the parental recall to estimate the vaccination coverage for different vaccine types which can be used instead of or in the absence of card-based data or records.
Comparison of skeletal and dentoalveolar features between males and females and between Yemeni and Iranian patients with deep overbite malocclusion
Authors: Almotareb Fuad Lutf , Alaklany Baleegh Abdulwahab Galeeb 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background and objective: the aim of this study was to determine the skeletal and dentoalveolar features of deep bite in Yemeni adolescents and compare this feature between males and females and with the Iranian population.
Material and methods: With participants ranging in age from 18 to 136, an across-sectional prospective study was done to investigate 136 people with deep bites utilizing study casts and lateral cephalometrics (62 males and 74 females). The Onyx software was utilized for analysis. SPSS was used to collect, tabulate, and perform statistical analysis on the recorded data.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in all measurements between males and females except in the following: skeletal measurements (Sn-MP, Ar-GO-Me, PFH) and dental measurements (distance between the mesial cusp of L6 and MP, inclination U1 to PP). There were statistically significant differences between the Yemeni and Iranian individuals in all variables except for basal angle (p = 0.379), saddle angle (p = 0.629), articular angle (p = 0.095), LAFH (p = 0.263), L.6.L° (p = 0.032), and Curve of Spee (p = 0.000).
Conclusion: The cephalometric feature of the deep bite is different depending on sex and ethnic groups.
Unraveling the Formation Mechanism of Oxygen Vacancy on the Surface of Transition Metal-Doped Ceria Utilizing Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Xu Liangliang , Xu Ning , Wang Yue , Hu Xiaojuan , Han Zhongkang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Ceria has been extensively utilized in different fields, with surface oxygen vacancies playing a central role. However, versatile oxygen vacancy regulation is still in its infancy. In this work, we propose an effective strategy to manipulate the oxygen vacancy formation energy via transition metal doping by combining first-principles calculations and analytical learning. We elucidate the underlying mechanism driving the formation of oxygen vacancies using combined symbolic regression and data analytics techniques. The results show that the Fermi level of the system, along with the electronegativity of the dopants, are the paramount parameters (features) influencing the formation of oxygen vacancies. These insights not only enhance our understanding of the oxygen vacancy formation mechanism in ceria-based materials to improve their functionality but also potentially lay the groundwork for future strategies in the rational design of other transition metal oxide-based catalysts.
Leveraging African traditional medicines to achieve universal health coverage in the management of hypertension in Cameroon: A discrete choice policy analysis.
Authors: Yongabi K.A. , Mbakwa E , Okechukwu-Ezike N.C , Ezenwa C.M , Nwadike C.M , Oly-Alawuba C.N , Verla A.W , Uwaezuoke J.C , Chia P.N , Tata E.F 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
Hypertension is a global disease affecting one billion people and is the common risk factor for death throughout the world. Hypertension is a major risk factor and one of the leading causes of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) such as Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), stroke, heart failure and death. Patients make catastrophic out-of-pocket payments to manage this condition conventionally. In Africa some patients still visit traditional healers even after consulting with medical personnel and are apparently willing to pay out of pocket for Traditional Medicine (TM). This is done without the knowledge of health personnel, with the risk of incurring adverse drug-herb interactions. The aim of this study is to compare the costs of orthodox medicine and TM in the management of hypertension.
Methods:
Questionnaire interviews of 122 participants, 104 hypertensive patients and 18 tradipractitioners were conducted to obtain qualitative and quantitative data. Cost analysis between orthodox and TM treatment of hypertension was performed. Data was expressed in frequencies and percentages, used to determine significance.
Results:
1. We found that the cost of orthodox treatment of hypertension was almost two times higher than that of TM.
2. Age, self-rated health and self-employment positively influenced antihypertensive drug adherence.
3. Plants used by tradipractitioners had bioactive substances to counter hypertension.
Conclusion:
Hypertension treatment is less costly with TM than with orthodox treatment. TM can be a good alternative in managing hypertension.
New data on Short Tandem Repeat loci in Gabonese population: Tri-Allelic Patterns of Penta D and TPOX Identified
Authors: LENDOYE Elisabeth , MOMBO Landry Erick , MEZUI-MBENG Marie-Andrée N'NEGUE ep. , KOMBA Opheelia MAKOYO , NGOUNGOU Edgard Brice , ABESSOLO Felix OVONO , SIAWAYA Joel Fleury DJOBA , ALT-MÖRBE Juliane 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Short tandem repeats (STRs) are repeating DNA sequences used in forensic human identity testing and the diagnosis of aneuploidies. Many STRs like Penta D and TPOX are used routinely for paternity tests, but these tests are not widely used in sub-Saharan Africa. The study population consisted of Gabonese families seeking a paternity test. After DNA extraction from the individuals collected by buccal swabs, we genotyped samples using a panel of 15 to 22 STRs. A total of 115 subjects from 39 families were included. Allele frequencies of the 22 STR loci were determined in unrelated Gabonese subjects. The most polymorphic loci were D21S11 and FGA, with 16 and 17 alleles, respectively, while D3S1358 and TH01 loci were less polymorphic, with 5 alleles. Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were only observed in the cases of TPOX, D3S1358, CSFPO and D7S820 loci. We report tri-allelic patterns that indicate aneuploidies at a combined frequency of 4% (4/115) with 3% for Penta D (1/35) and 3% for TPOX (3/102). Furthermore, we identified a new tri-allelic genotype 5-8-16 for the Penta D locus located on chromosome 21 in a healthy subject. In addition, we observed 3 tri-allelic variants of TPOX, located on chromosome 2, in healthy subjects, namely 8-10-11, 8-9-10, and 8-8-10. Our study revealed unsuspected polymorphic genetic mutations for the first time in Gabon that raise several questions about chromosomal disorders. Further population genetic studies are needed in Gabon to characterize these changes better, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Implementing Germ Defence digital behaviour change intervention via all primary care practices in England to reduce respiratory infections during the COVID-19 pandemic: an efficient cluster randomised controlled trial using the OpenSAFELY platform.
Authors: Ainsworth Ben , Horwood Jeremy , Walter Scott R , Miller Sascha , Chalder Melanie , De Vocht Frank , Denison-Day James , Elwenspoek Martha , Curtis Helen , Bates Chris , Mehrkar Amir , Bacon Seb , Goldacre Ben , Collaborative The OpenSAFELY , Craggs Pippa , Amlot Richard , Francis Nick , Little Paul , MacLeod John , Moore Michael , Morton Kate , Rice Cathy , Sterne Jonathan , Stuart Beth , Towler Lauren , Willcox Merlin , Yardley Lucy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Germ Defence (www.germdefence.org) is an evidence-based interactive website that promotes behaviour change for infection control within households. To maximise the potential of Germ Defence to effectively reduce the spread of COVID-19 the intervention needed to be implemented at scale rapidly.
Methods: With the approval of NHS England, we implemented an efficient two-arm (1:1 ratio) cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) to examine the effectiveness of randomising implementation of Germ Defence via GP practices across England, UK, compared with usual care. GP practices randomised to the intervention arm (n=3292) were emailed and asked to disseminate the Germ Defence intervention to all adult patients via mobile phone text, email or social media. GP practices randomised to the usual care arm (n=3287) maintained standard management for the 4-month trial period after and then asked to share Germ Defence with their adult patients. The primary outcome was the rate of GP presentations for respiratory tract infections (RTI) per patient. Secondary outcomes comprised rates of acute RTIs, confirmed COVID-19 diagnoses, suspected COVID-19 diagnoses, COVID-19 symptoms, gastrointestinal infection diagnoses, antibiotic usage, hospital admissions. The impact of the intervention on outcome rates was assessed using negative binomial regression modelling within the OpenSAFELY platform. The uptake of intervention by GP practice, and by patients were measured via website analytics.
Results: Germ Defence was used 310,731 times. The average satisfaction score after using the website was 7.52 (0-10 not at all to very satisfied, N = 9933). There was no evidence of a difference in the rate of RTIs between intervention and control practices (rate ratio (RR) 1.01, 95%CI 0.96, 1.06, p=0.70). This was similar to all other eight health outcomes. Patient engagement within intervention arm practices ranged from 0- 48% of a practice list. Practices with high levels of intervention uptake (>11%) had a lower proportion of minority ethnic groups.
Conclusions: We demonstrated that rapid large-scale implementation of a digital behavioural intervention can be evaluated with a novel efficient prospective RCT methodology analysing routinely collected patient data entirely within a trusted research environment.
Trial registration: This trial was registered in the ISRCTN registry (14602359) on 12 August 2020.
HER2 Overexpression Triggers Dynamic Gene Expression Changes in Breast Cancer
Authors: Soltanalizadeh Babak , Asghari Arvand , Maroufy Vahed , Umetani Michihisa , Zheng W Jim , Wu Hulin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
HER2 is one of the most well-recognized oncogenes responsible for around 25% of breast cancer cases. While HER2 overexpression and activation is one of the hallmarks of HER2-positive breast cancers, the exact dynamic effects of HER2 overexpression on gene regulations in the cells have been largely unexplored. Here, combining a novel gene expression dynamic analysis method with the utilization of publicly available time-dependent gene expression datasets from HER2 overexpressed breast cancer cells, we found that HER2 regulates a vast range of genes that are essential for the proper function, such as growth, escaping apoptosis, and managing inflammatory signals, in breast cancer cells. We also found that HER2 overexpression leads to the regulation of several transcription factors such as STAT3, MYC, RELA, and ATF3 that are essential for the cell’s metabolism in breast cancer cells. Our results offer novel insights on how HER2 regulates gene expression in breast cancer cells and open new doors toward targeting HER2 for potential novel therapies for HER2-positive breast cancers.