bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managed diversion lead time effects on flood response in a tidal freshwater river
Authors: Miller Robert L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRiver diversions are a commonly used water management tool throughout the world. Low‐gradient coastal rivers exhibit complex floodplain interactions and are subject to multiple uncertain drivers of future flood risk. The interacting factors make quantification of downstream diversion effects on ambient flood hazards in coastal riverine ecosystems challenging. This article analyzes the effects of a managed ecological diversion (MED) on downstream flood hazards in the flood‐prone tidal freshwater Vermilion River system situated within the Atchafalaya Basin region of Louisiana, USA. A flexible and efficient hydraulic and hydrologic (H&H) modeling setup and counterfactual approach is utilized to develop and analyze 60 simulation scenarios aimed at quantifying the effects of an existing baseflow augmentation program on downstream flood hazards under uncertain future conditions. The analysis demonstrated the significance of preemptive diversion closure on the downstream flood levels in downstream rivers. The role of wetland topography and residual floodplain storage on MED‐induced flood response was also highlighted. A variety of uncertain parameter/forcing scenarios were also evaluated to establish robustness of the findings and to extend the results to more general settings. The study provides insights on downstream flood response induced by MEDs, which are expected to become more prevalent in the future.
The association of allopurinol with persistent physical disability and frailty in a large community based older cohort
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Ryan Joanne , Nelson Mark R. , Woods Robyn L. , Orchard Suzanne G. , Zhu Chao , Gilmartin‐Thomas Julia F. M. , Fravel Michelle A. , Owen Alice J. , Murray Anne M. , Espinoza Sara E. , Ernst Michael E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe protective effects of allopurinol on physical function in older adults are not well understood, despite its potential to improve functional gains and reduce sarcopenia. This study aims to determine the association between allopurinol, persistent physical disability, and frailty in older gout patients.MethodsThis analysis used data from a randomized trial in an older cohort, ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE). ASPREE recruited 19,114 participants aged ≥65 years without prior cardiovascular events, dementia, or independence‐limiting physical disability at trial enrolment. This analysis examined the association of baseline and time‐varying allopurinol use with persistent physical disability and new‐onset frailty in participants with gout at baseline (self‐report or use of any anti‐gout medications). Frailty was measured using the Fried frailty phenotype (score ≥3/5) and a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) (score >0.21/1.0). Multivariable Cox proportional‐hazards models were used for main analyses.ResultsThis analysis included 1155 gout participants, with 630 taking allopurinol at baseline and 525 not. During a median follow‐up of 5.7 years, 113 new allopurinol users were identified. Compared with nonusers, baseline allopurinol use was associated with a significant risk reduction of persistent physical disability (Adjusted HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23–0.92, p = 0.03). The strength of the association was modestly attenuated in the time‐varying analysis (Adjusted HR 0.56, 0.29–1.08, p = 0.08). No significant associations with frailty measures were observed for either baseline allopurinol use (Fried frailty: Adjusted HR 0.83, 0.62–1.12; FI: Adjusted HR 0.96, 0.74–1.24) or time‐varying allopurinol use (Fried frailty: Adjusted HR 0.92, 0.69–1.24; FI: Adjusted HR 1.02, 0.78–1.33).ConclusionsAllopurinol use in older adults with gout is associated with a reduced risk of persistent physical disability but not associated with risk of frailty.
Prevalence of adverse events in pronated intubated adult COVID‐19 patients: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Gabiatti Daiane , Vieira Leticia Genova , Margatho Amanda Salles , dos Santos Bruna Nogueira , Clark Alexander Mark , Vasques Christiane Inocêncio , Silveira Renata Cristina De Campos Pereira 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo present the pooled estimated prevalence of adverse events in pronated intubated adult COVID‐19 patients.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.Data sourcesThis study used the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, Livivo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases as data sources.MethodsThe studies were meta‐analysed using JAMOVI 1.6.15 software. A random‐effects model was used to identify the global prevalence of adverse events, confidence intervals and the heterogeneity data. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool, and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.ResultsOf the 7904 studies identified, 169 were included for full reading, and 10 were included in the review. The most prevalent adverse events were pressure injuries (59%), haemodynamic instability (23%), death (17%) and device loss or traction (9%).ConclusionThe most prevalent adverse events in mechanically ventilated pronated patients with COVID‐19 are pressure injuries, presence of haemodynamic instability, death and device loss or traction.Implications for the patient careThe evidence identified in this review can help improve the quality and safety of patient care by helping to design care protocols to avoid the development of adverse events that can cause permanent sequelae in these patients.ImpactThis systematic review addressed the adverse events related to prone position in intubated adult COVID‐19 patients. We identified that the most prevalent adverse events in these patients were pressure injuries, haemodynamic instability, device loss or traction and death. The results of this review may influence the clinical practice of nurses who work in intensive care units and, consequently, the nursing care provided not only to COVID‐19 patients but for all intubated patients due to other reasons in intensive care units.Reporting methodThis systematic review adhered to the PRISMA reporting guideline.Patient or public contributionAs this is a systematic review, we analysed data from primary studies conducted by many researchers. Thus, there was no patient or public contribution in this review.
Suitable, fit, competent and safe to practice nursing? Assessing nursing students' personal qualities in clinical placement—An integrative review
Authors: Natterøy Cathrine Selsvold , Tveit Bodil , Hunskår Irene , Raustøl Anne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study aims to explore, describe, and synthesize the personal requirements student nurses are assessed in their clinical placement to be suitable, fit, competent, and safe for the nursing profession.BackgroundThere are different terms and concepts used when describing what nursing students are assessed by regarding personal requirements needed to be eligible to enter the nursing profession. This is regulated and enforced mainly by different standards and guidelines.DesignAn integrative review using Whittmore and Knafl's (2005) methodology.MethodsSearches were systematically conducted in CINAHL, Education Source, ERIC, Academic Source Elite, MEDLINE and EMBASE, NORART, SveMed+, and Bibliotek.dk. The PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews was used.ResultsEighteen studies were included in the review. The results present various factors student nurses are assessed by in clinical placements, which were categorized into three themes: attitude and personal characteristics, behavior, and basic knowledge. Assessing students is a complex and subjective endeavor, and decisions are based on a holistic assessment of several different aspects of the student's performance and behaviorConclusionsThe personal requirements to be deemed suited for det nursing profession are complex and composed of several different components. Assessments are often based more on assessors’ subjective standards and intuition than on the provided guidelines and standards. There is no universal understanding of which characteristics or qualities are considered necessary for a student to be deemed suited for the nursing profession.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study points at challenges with the assessment of nursing students today as there are no clear standards or understanding of the requirements needed.
Efficacy of nonpharmacologic interventions in preoperative anxiety: A systematic review of systematic reviews
Authors: Agüero‐Millan Basilio , Abajas‐Bustillo Rebeca , Ortego‐Maté Carmen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesEvidence suggests that preparing patients for surgery using nonpharmacological strategies reduces their anxiety. However, there is no consensus on what the best practices are. This study aims to answer the question: Are interventions using nonpharmacological therapies effective in reducing preoperative anxiety?BackgroundPreoperative anxiety causes physiological and psychological adverse effects, with a negative effect on postoperative recovery.IntroductionAccording to the World Health Organization, between 266 and 360 million surgical procedures are performed annually worldwide, and it is estimated that more than 50% of patients will experience some degree of preoperative anxiety.DesignSystematic review of systematic reviews with results of interventions aimed at mitigating preoperative anxiety.MethodsA search was conducted for systematic reviews with meta‐analyses published between 2012 and 2021 in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Quality was assessed using the AMSTAR‐2 scale. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO.ResultsA total of 1016 studies were examined, of which 17 systematic reviews were selected, yielding 188 controlled trials with 16,884 participants. In adults, the most common intervention included music, followed by massage, in children virtual reality and clowns. Almost all controlled trials reported a reduction in preoperative anxiety after the intervention, of which almost half had statistically significant results.ConclusionInterventions that include music, massage and virtual reality reduce preoperative anxiety and have shown that they are cost‐effective, minimally invasive and with a low risk of adverse effects. Preoperative anxiety can be reduced through a short‐term intervention involving nursing professionals as an alternative or complement to drugs.Relevance to clinical practiceThis review suggests that nursing professionals, in collaboration with other health professionals, should continue to conduct research on the reduction in preoperative anxiety. Further research in this area is needed, to reduce heterogeneity and consolidate the results.No Patient or Public ContributionNot applied to our study, as it is a systematic review of systematic reviews.
Wage response to corporate income taxes: A meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Knaisch Jonas , Pöschel Carla 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe wage elasticity to corporate income tax (CIT) is an essential parameter for assessing tax policy reforms. This paper applies meta‐regression analysis to quantitatively review the growing empirical tax incidence literature that indicates a substantial shift of the tax burden onto employees. While most studies report a large wage‐reducing effect of the CIT, our findings suggest that estimates with positive values are published less often than they should. After accounting for the bias, we find no significant average association between wage rates and corporate taxation. We document that the tax variable, econometric method, type of tax variation, and underlying time and country coverage of studies drive the heterogeneity among reported effects. The implied best‐practice estimates suggest that the tax elasticity of wages is systematically larger for emerging countries and smaller when tax changes at the subnational level are exploited.
How does liberalization affect emerging stock markets? Theories and empirical evidence
Authors: Hoang Bao Trung , Mateus Cesario 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper reviews the literature that discusses how liberalization affects emerging stock markets on the cost of equity, stock volatility, stock liquidity, and informational efficiency. The survey consists of two parts, theoretical arguments and empirical evidence. Four primary mechanisms explaining the impacts are risk diversification, information‐sharing, friction channel, and market competition. Our survey indicates that liberalization was evidenced to reduce the cost of equity (via risk diversification mechanism), stabilize stock volatility (mainly through risk diversification mechanism), increase stock market liquidity (in both friction channels and informational‐sharing mechanisms), and improve the local market's informational efficiency (by informational‐sharing mechanism). Also, we suggest some aspects of theoretical arguments that still need further examination by empirical research.
Echoes of “dead” colonialism: The voices and materiality of a (post)colonial Algerian newspaper
Authors: Love Stephanie V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThrough the concept of the echo, this article examines how postcolonial Algerians discursively locate and orient themselves in relation to the materiality of “dead” colonialism, which I broadly define as the physical presence of objects, voices, and sensual qualities (accompanied by aesthetic, value, and moral judgments) that Algerians see as persisting from the colonial before. I argue that an echo in discourse hinges on a tripartite dialogic structure: the dynamic interplay of past voices/signs, present listeners, and the material surfaces that reflect these voices/signs with delay, distortion, and varied intensity. Through the narratives of three directors of three different iterations of a local newspaper in Oran, Algeria, I examine how past voices and sounds reverberate across the threshold of the colonial and postcolonial divide and create sociopolitical and interpersonal effects that often challenge the notion that colonialism is “dead and gone.” This article advances scholarship on language materiality by positing that the material world is more than just the setting in which material speech and social action occur; rather, the material world shapes how language is heard and stances are taken in concrete ways. I conclude that echoes are central to how people tell stories about their past that matter in the present.
Rapid selection of potyviral cross‐protection effective mutants from the local lesion host after nitrous acid mutagenesis
Authors: Goh Reun‐Ping , Xie Xing‐Yun , Lin Ya‐Chi , Cheng Hao‐Wen , Raja Joseph A. J. , Yeh Shyi‐Dong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractZucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) seriously damages cucurbits worldwide. Control of ZYMV by cross‐protection has been practised for decades, but selecting useful mild viruses is time‐consuming and laborious. Most attenuated potyviruses used for cross‐protection do not induce hypersensitive reaction (HR) in Chenopodium quinoa, a local lesion host Chenopodium quinoa. Here, severe ZYMV TW‐TN3 tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP), designated ZG, was used for nitrous acid mutagenesis. From three trials, 11 mutants were identified from fluorescent spots without HR in inoculated C. quinoa leaves. Five mutants caused attenuated symptoms in squash plants. The genomic sequences of these five mutants revealed that most of the nonsynonymous changes were located in the HC‐Pro gene. The replacement of individual mutated HC‐Pros in the ZG backbone and an RNA silencing suppression (RSS) assay indicated that each mutated HC‐Pro is defective in RSS function and responsible for reduced virulence. Four mutants provided high degrees of protection (84%–100%) against severe virus TW‐TN3 in zucchini squash plants, with ZG 4‐10 being selected for removal of the GFP tag. After removal of the GFP gene, Z 4‐10 induced symptoms similar to ZG 4‐10 and still provided 100% protection against TW‐TN3 in squash, thus is considered not a genetically engineered mutant. Therefore, using a GFP reporter to select non‐HR mutants of ZYMV from C. quinoa leaves is an efficient way to obtain beneficial mild viruses for cross‐protection. This novel approach is being applied to other potyviruses.
A rare case of acute embolic stroke related with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma
Authors: Ghorpade Rina , Vojjini Rahul , Tissavirasingham Fiona , Khosravi Negin , Rawal Manav , Bracken Eric , Vemulapalli Sunitha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUndifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma is uncommonly seen and can be present in soft tissue as a slow‐growing and painless mass. The usual presenting symptoms of these tumors are swelling, pain, and constitutional symptoms. However, an initial presentation of pleomorphic sarcoma as an embolic stroke is rarely seen. We report a patient who presented with cerebellar stroke and had widespread pulmonary nodules on chest X‐ray. The Computed Tomography (CT)‐guided biopsy of the pulmonary nodules revealed a diagnosis of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. These findings prompted a thorough physical examination in search of malignancy. Unfortunately, the patient was found to have left leg swelling, which was missed on the initial exam, delaying diagnosis and management. Additionally, the patient was found to have a patent foramen ovale (PFO) on transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). However, no source of emboli was found.
HSV encephalitis relapse in the setting of chemotherapy
Authors: Crowe Jonathan , Bender Alex C. , Migdady Ibrahim , Izzy Saef 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPatients who suffer a brain injury trigger are vulnerable to late relapse of herpes simplex encephalitis. We present an immunocompromised patient with late‐life relapse of herpes simplex encephalitis after an ischemic stroke.
Home‐based microbial solution to boost crop growth in low‐fertility soil
Authors: Jiang Meitong , Delgado‐Baquerizo Manuel , Yuan Mengting Maggie , Ding Jixian , Yergeau Etienne , Zhou Jizhong , Crowther Thomas W. , Liang Yuting 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Soil microbial inoculants are expected to boost crop productivity under climate change and soil degradation. However, the efficiency of native vs commercialized microbial inoculants in soils with different fertility and impacts on resident microbial communities remain unclear.
We investigated the differential plant growth responses to native synthetic microbial community (SynCom) and commercial plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). We quantified the microbial colonization and dynamic of niche structure to emphasize the home‐field advantages for native microbial inoculants.
A native SynCom of 21 bacterial strains, originating from three typical agricultural soils, conferred a special advantage in promoting maize growth under low‐fertility conditions. The root : shoot ratio of fresh weight increased by 78–121% with SynCom but only 23–86% with PGPRs. This phenotype correlated with the potential robust colonization of SynCom and positive interactions with the resident community. Niche breadth analysis revealed that SynCom inoculation induced a neutral disturbance to the niche structure. However, even PGPRs failed to colonize the natural soil, they decreased niche breadth and increased niche overlap by 59.2–62.4%, exacerbating competition.
These results suggest that the home‐field advantage of native microbes may serve as a basis for engineering crop microbiomes to support food production in widely distributed poor soils.
A novel transcriptional repressor complex MYB22–TOPLESS–HDAC1 promotes rice resistance to brown planthopper by repressing F3′H expression
Authors: Sun Bo , Shen Yanjie , Chen Su , Shi Zhenying , Li Haichao , Miao Xuexia 
Published: May 2023

Summary
The brown planthopper (BPH) is the most destructive pest of rice. The MYB transcription factors are vital for rice immunity, but most are activators. Although MYB22 positively regulates rice resistance to BPH and has an EAR motif associated with active repression, it remains unclear whether it is a transcriptional repressor affecting rice–BPH interaction.
Genetic analyses revealed that MYB22 regulates rice resistance to BPH via its EAR motif. Several biochemical experiments (e.g. transient transcription assay, Y2H, LCA, and BiFC) indicated that MYB22 is a transcriptional repressor that interacts with the corepressor TOPLESS via its EAR motif and recruits HDAC1 to form a tripartite complex.
Flavonoid‐3′‐hydroxylase (F3′H) is a flavonoid biosynthesis pathway‐related gene that negatively regulates rice resistance to BPH. Based on a bioinformatics analysis and the results of EMSA and transient transcription assays, MYB22 can bind directly to the F3′H promoter and repress gene expression along with TOPLESS and HDAC1.
We revealed a transcriptional regulatory mechanism influencing the rice–BPH interaction that differs from previously reported mechanisms. Specifically, MYB22–TOPLESS–HDAC1 is a novel transcriptional repressor complex with components that synergistically and positively regulate rice resistance to BPH through the transcriptional repression of F3′H.
(Post‐)industrial optics: The role of the Hereford Mappa Mundi in Christopher Meredith'sShifts
Authors: Bednarski Aleksander 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChristopher Meredith's novelShifts(1988) is firmly established in the canon of English‐language Welsh literature as one of the most accomplished representatives of (post‐)industrial fiction, a genre this small country has produced in quality and amount ‘out of all proportion to its size or population’ (Knight, 2004). The aim of this paper is to explore the role of the medieval Mappa Mundi which two characters see in Hereford Cathedral in the context of the novel's circular structure and a rich network of other visual insets. Looking at the map from a variety of perspectives, including Murray Krieger's concept of ekphrasis as the superimposition of spatial relationships on a text by a visual work of art, I propose to read the fictional continuum of the novel as a mirror image of the medievalorbis terrarumon several planes: compositional, visual‐optical and symbolic. This reading is embedded within the broader context of the characteristics of the Welsh industrial novel discussed by Raymond Williams in his essay ‘The Welsh industrial novel’ (1979).