bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CPLX2 is a novel tumor suppressor and improves the prognosis in glioma
Authors: Chen Yuanbing , Ning Jieling , Shu Long , Wen Lingzhi , Yan Bokang , Wang Zuli , Hu Junhong , Zhou Xiaokun , Tao Yongguang , Xia Xuewei , Huang Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Glioma is a type of malignant cancer in the central nervous system. New predictive biomarkers have been investigated in recent years, but the clinical prognosis in glioma remains poor. The function of CPLX2 in glioma and the probable molecular mechanism of tumor suppression was the focus of this investigation.
Methods: The glioma transcriptome profile is downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases were performed to analyze the expression of CPLX2 in glioma. RT-qPCR was performed to detect the expression of CPLX2 in 68 glioma subjects, these patients who have been followed up. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were done to evaluate the effect of CPLX2 on the prognosis of glioma patients. The CPLX2 knockdown and overexpressed cell lines were constructed to investigate the effect of CPLX2 on glioma. The cell growth, colony formation, and tumor formation in xenograft were performed.
Results: The expression of CPLX2 was downregulated in glioma and negatively correlated to the grade of glioma. The higher expression of CPLX2 predicted a longer survival through the analysis of Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Overexpressed CPLX2 impaired tumorigenesis in glioma progression both in vivo and in vitro. Knocking down of CPLX2 promoted the proliferation of the glioma cells. The analysis of GSEA and co-expression analysis revealed that CPLX2 may affect the malignancy of glioma by regulating hypoxia and inflammation pathway.
Conclusions: Our data indicated that CPLX2 functioned as a tumor suppressor and could be used as a potential prognostic marker in glioma.
Outcomes and Complications of Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery Complicated by Anterior Capsule Tear
Authors: Sharifi Ali , Hayati Neda , Zand Amin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to present the outcomes and complications associated with phacoemulsification cataract surgery complicated by anterior capsule tears.
Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled patients who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery with anterior capsule tears. We documented demographic, biometric, intraoperative, and postoperative data. The main assessed outcomes included the stage of anterior tear identification, intraoperative capsule complication rates, intraocular lens (IOL) placement and design, visual outcomes, surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), and the incidence of postoperative complications.
Results: We enrolled 21 eyes of 21 patients who experienced anterior capsule tears during phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Anterior capsule tears were identified during phacoemulsification in 11 eyes (52.4%), during capsulorhexis in 9 eyes (42.9%), and during irrigation/aspiration in 1 eye (4.7%). Among the eyes, tears extended to the posterior capsule in 8 cases (38.1%), resulting in vitreous loss. Endocapsular fixation of a 1-piece acrylic IOL was achieved in 4 eyes (19.0%), while 4 eyes (19.0%) required implantation of a 3-piece acrylic IOL in the ciliary sulcus. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity at 12 months significantly improved compared to baseline (P < 0.001). The overall SIA at 12 months was not statistically significant (P = 0.098). During the 12-month postoperative follow-up, cystoid macular edema and retinal detachment were observed in 2 eyes (9.5%) and 1 eye (4.7%), respectively.
Conclusion: Anterior capsule tears during cataract surgery, while not a major complication by themselves, can lead to complications when they extend to the posterior capsule. These subsequent complications can impact surgical outcomes and increase the risk of postoperative morbidities.
Hierarchical Patch Aggregation Transformer For Motion Deblurring
Authors: Wu Yujie , Lei Liang , Ling Siyao , Gao Zhisheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The paradigm of harnessing encoder-decoder frameworks, underpinned by Transformer constituents, has emerged as an exemplar in the realm of image deblurring architectural designs. In this investigation, we critically reexamine this approach. Our analysis reveals that many current architectures focus heavily on limited local regions during the feature extraction phase. This narrow focus compromises the richness and diversity of features channeled to the encoder-decoder framework, resulting in an information bottleneck. Furthermore, these designs tend to rely excessively on global features, which can lead to the neglect of crucial local details in specific areas, adversely affecting image deblurring efficacy. To address these issues, we present the a novel hierarchical patch aggregation Transformer(HPAT) architecture. In the initial feature extraction phase, we incorporate cross-axis spatial Transformer blocks that exhibit linear complexity, complemented by an adaptive hierarchical attention fusion mechanism. These enhancements enable the model to adeptly capture spatial interrelationships among features and integrate insights from multiple hierarchical layers. Subsequently, we optimize the feedforward network within the Transformer blocks of the encoder-decoder framework, leading to the development of the Fusion Feedforward Network (F3N). This innovation streamlines the aggregation of token information, bolstering the model's ability to capture and retain local details. Our comprehensive experimental assessments, conducted across a variety of publicly available datasets, confirm the effectiveness of the HPAT model. Empirical results decisively prove that our HPAT model establishes a new benchmark in image deblurring tasks.
Efficacy of bone defect therapy involving various surface treatments of titanium alloy implants: An in vivo and in vitro study
Authors: Wang Boyang , Xu Jiuhui , Zeng Fanwei , Ren Tingting , Tang Xiaodong , Guo Wei , Guo Yu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Multiple surface treatment methods for titanium alloy prostheses, widely used in orthopedics, are available; however, these can affect bone integration and regeneration efficiency. This study, through cell and animal experiments, we devised seven bone implant categories of Ti6A14V implants, based on surface preparation and post-processing technology (polishing, sandblasting, fine titanium spraying, coarse titanium spraying, electron beam melting [EBM] printing, selective laser melting [SLM] printing, and post-processed SLM printing) and imaged each microscopic surface structure with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mechanical testing revealed excessive post-processing damaged the mechanical properties of the implants. In vitro, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were co-cultured with implants, and the morphology of the cells adhering to the implant surface was observed using SEM and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) semi-quantitatively determined cell activity, indirectly reflecting the proliferation of hBMSCs. Alizarin Red (AR) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) experiments assessed osteogenic differentiation. In vivo, experiments utilized the New Zealand rabbit femoral condyle bone defect model to assess bone regeneration and integration using micro-computed tomography, Van Giesen staining, and Masson staining. We found that 3D-printed implants with regular pore structures were more conducive to hBMSCs' osteogenic differentiation, while the presence of metal powder on SLM-printed implants hindered such differentiation. The post-processed SLM scaffold's surface may have some residual semi-melted powder; however, these powder residues have no significant effect on cell activity and differentiation. Surface treatment (sandblasting and titanium spraying) of planar structures can enhance the hBMSCs' adhesion but do not necessarily promote their differentiation. The framework structure of 3D printing may affect the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and for SLM-printed implants, excessive pursuit of a "powderless" state will damage the mechanical properties of the implant.
Causal Association between Kynurenine and Depression: An Investigation using Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Zong Luxin , Ge Maohong , Wang Jiamiao , Kuang Dan , Wei Hongkai , Wang Zhongbao , Hu Zerui , Zhao Chaoben , Jin Qingmin , Chen Minghui , Wang Chenghui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: With advances in medical research, a growing association has been observed between kynurenine and depression. However, the causal relationship between kynurenine and depression remains unclear. Therefore, we utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) methods to investigate the causal link between kynurenine and depression.
Methods: We utilized extensive data from large-scale genome-wide association studies to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms that act as instrumental variables for kynurenineand depression in European ancestry populations, ensuring compliance with MR assumptions. We employed five MR algorithms, namely, weighted median, MR Egger, inverse variance weighted (IVW), simple mode, and weighted mode, with IVW as the primary analysis method. Sensitivity tests were conducted using Cochran's Q test, MR‒Egger intercept test, MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier, and Leave-one-out analysis.
Results: The IVW analysis revealed that each standard deviation increase in kynurenine corresponded to a 1.4-fold increase in the risk of depression (OR=1.351, 95% CI=1.110~1.645, P=0.003). The direction of the effect size (positive or negative) was consistent with the findings from the other four algorithms. Sensitivity tests indicated no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy among the instrumental variables.
Conclusion: Elevated levels of kynurenine have a causal relationship with an increased risk of developing depression.
Real-Time Approach for Smart Building Operations Prediction Using Rule-Based Complex Event Processing and SPARQL Query
Authors: KUMAR SHASHI SHEKHAR , Chandra Ritesh , Agarwal Sonali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Due to intelligent, adaptive nature towards various operations and their ability to provide maximum comfort to the occupants residing in them, smart buildings are becoming a pioneering area of research. Since these architectures leverage the Internet of Things (IoT), there is a need for monitoring different operations (Occupancy, Humidity, Temperature, CO2 , etc.) to provide sustainable comfort to the occupants. This paper proposes a novel approach for intelligent building operations monitoring using rule-based complex event processing and query-based approaches for dynamically monitoring the different operations. Siddhi is a complex event processing engine designed for handling multiple sources of event data in real time and processing it according to predefined rules using a decision tree. Since streaming data is dynamic in nature, to keep track of different operations, we have converted the IoT data into an RDF dataset. The RDF dataset is ingested to Apache Kafka for streaming purposes and for stored data we have used the GraphDB tool that extracts information with the help of SPARQL query. Consequently, the proposed approach is also evaluated by deploying the large number of events through the Siddhi CEP engine and how efficiently they are processed in terms of time. Apart from that, a risk estimation scenario is also designed to generate alerts for end users in case any of the smart building operations need immediate attention. The output is visualized and monitored for the end user through a tableau dashboard.
Benford’s law: an application to sunspot data
Authors: Mir T A , Darzi M A , Ishtiaq P M , Mufti S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sunspots, the longest recorded indicators of the solar activity, are fundamental to the understanding of the sun and related solar phenomena. Here we explore whether the data on sunspot areas conforms to Benford’s law (BL) - an empirical observation that in large data the numbers having smaller first significant digits (FSDs) appear far more frequently than do the numbers having larger FSDs. We analyze the areas of individual sunspots, of sunspot groups and total area of all the sunspots visible on the surface of sun at any point of time. Furthermore, we also investigate the daily photometric sunspot index (PSI), the umbral and daily plage areas for conformity to BL. The distribution of FSDs of numbers amongst all the data sets are found to be in good agreement with the predictions of BL except the data on daily plage areas which show some deviations from the law. Interpretation of the obtained results is also given.
Spatio-temporal drought assessment and comparison of drought indices under climatic variations in drought-prone areas of Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Bilal , Muavia Ali , Iqbal Mudassar , Arshed Abu Bakar , Ahmad Muhammad Mansoor 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Climatic variations cause droughts which badly affect the environment. The study focused on monitoring droughts to aid decision-making and mitigate their negative impacts on water availability for agriculture and livelihoods in the face of increasing water demand and climate change. To assess the agricultural droughts, a new agricultural Standardized Precipitation Index (aSPI) was calculated which is not used earlier in Balochistan. Widely recommended Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were used for meteorological drought assessment. Drought indices comparison was also conducted to check the applicability. Rainfall, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature data (1992 to 2021) were utilized to calculate SPI, aSPI, and SPEI at different timescales (3, 6, 9, and 12 months) using DrinC software and SPEI calculator. Indices results revealed the following severe to extreme drought years: 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2016, and 2017. It was determined that Dalbandin, Quetta, Sibi, Kalat, Khuzdar, and Zhob experienced higher extreme drought frequencies. Both long- and short-term drought durations were observed. Indices comparison showed that SPI is the most efficient drought index compared to aSPI and SPEI. This study offers valuable insights for managing water resources in the face of climate-induced droughts.
METHOD OF ANALYSIS FOR DETERMINATION OF THE CHROMIUM (Cr) SPECIES IN WATER SAMPLES BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRY WITH DIPHENYLCARBAZIDE
Authors: Wiryawan Adam , Retnowati Rurini , Burhan Perry , Syekhfani Syekhfani 
Published: September 2023

<p>Speciation of Chromium (Cr) is very important because of the toxicity of these metals depending on the oxidation number and its concentration is very low in the water system. Chromium occurs in the environment primarily in two valence states, trivalent Cr(III) and hexavalent Cr(VI). Chromium (III) is an essential micro-nutrients for the human body, while the Cr(VI) is highly toxic and carcino-gennic. Chromium(VI) in the water can be analyzed by spectrophotometry with diphenylcarbazide as reagent on pH=1 at maximum wavelength of 540 nm. The experimental result show that Cr(VI) can be analyzed using diphenylcarbazide in the concentration of 0.0015% and H<strong><sub>3</sub></strong>PO<strong><sub>4</sub></strong> solution as acidic in 0.03 mol/L. The absorbance was measured at minutes 5 after preparation. There is interference from ion Fe(III) at least 6.0 ppm and this interference can be overcome by using 0.3 % NaF solution. The limit of detection of this method is -samples, mix of Cr(III) and Cr(VI), can be analyzed by using this method without oxidation by KMnO<strong><sub>4</sub></strong> solution. While Cr(III) in the artificial samples, mix of Cr(III) and Cr(VI), can be analyzed by using this method via oxidation by KMnO<strong><sub>4</sub></strong> solution in the acidic media (H<strong><sub>2</sub></strong>SO<strong><sub>4</sub></strong>), the result of this analysis is the total concentration of Chromium. The concen-tration of Cr(III) can be calculate via subtract the total of Cr concentration by concentration of Cr(VI).</p><strong>Keywords:</strong> speciation, Cr(III), Cr(VI), spectropho-tometry, diphenylcarbazide, Fe(III), interference.
LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS EN AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Boss Agudelo Jovanny 
Published: September 2023

ResumenEl objeto central del presente artículo de reflexión se sitúa en la promoción y protección de los Derechos Humanos en América Latina. Para su desarrollo, se parte de una aproximación conceptual a la idea de los Derechos Humanos y luego se da paso a un análisis del estado de éstos (inclusión, conquista y evolución en el territorio) en el contexto iberoamericano. La finalidad es responder a la pregunta por la vigencia y legitimidad de los Derechos Humanos en el marco de los grandes conflictos que han determinado a la región a lo largo del siglo XX, con especial énfasis a partir de 1948, año en que se promulga la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos y nace el Derecho Internacional Humanitario como una aspiración civilista de occidente, con proyección a la defensa de la familia humana sin discriminación de nacionalidad u origen cultural. El ensayo finaliza elevando una propuesta para la intervención civil en el respeto y protección de los Derechos Humanos, desde la condición de ciudadanía como paso fundamental a la condición civil de la persona ante el Estado.
AbstractThe central object of this paper is placed on the promotion and protection of human rights in Latin America. For its development of a conceptual approach to the idea of human rights and then leads a discussion of the status of these (including, conquest and evolution in the area) in the Latin American context. The purpose is to answer the question of the validity and legitimacy of human rights in the context of the major conflicts that have shaped the region over the twentieth century, with special emphasis since 1948, promulgating the Declaration universal Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law is born, as a civilian aspiration of the West, with projection to the defense of the human family without distinction of nationality or cultural background. The essay ends with a proposal for bringing a civil action in respect and protection of Human Rights, since the condition of citizenship as a key step to the civil status of the individual to the state.
EL CRIMEN: UNA PERSPECTIVA DESDE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS
Authors: Carrillo Pumarejo Rafael Eduardo , Álvarez Martínez Fredy Alberto 
Published: September 2023

Resumen
En este trabajo se busca analizar la relevancia que tienen los derechos humanos en el estudio del crimen. Se muestra como el estudio del crimen ha evolucionado a partir de las ideas humanitarias de la Ilustración europea hasta convertirse en una disciplina científica con diversos enfoques. Se indaga la relación entre derechos humanos, y la legislación penal internacional. Finalmente se esbozan los postulados básicos de la economía del crimen cuya preponderancia actual es innegable dado las ideas dominantes de la teoría económica neoclásica. La metodología empleada fue de tipo funcional-comparativo.
Abstract
This work seeks to analyze the relevance of human rights in the study of crime. We show how the study of crime has evolved from humanitarian ideas of the European Enlightenment into a scientific discipline with various approaches. It explores the relationship between human rights and international criminal law. Finally, we outline the basic tenets of the economics of crime whose current dominance is undeniable given the dominant ideas of neoclassical economic theory. The methodology was a comparative-functional type.
CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LOS DELITOS INFORMÁTICOS EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Manjarrés Bolaño Iván 
Published: September 2023

Resumen
Es evidente que los avances tecnológicos demuestran la evolución del hombre, y eso lo podemos comprobar a través de los medios que permiten el almacenamiento, la transmisión y la administración de la información. Avances que han modificado el vivir diario de las personas y de las organizaciones, las cuales reflejan el aumento de transacciones comerciales, comercio electrónico, comunicaciones en línea, los procesos industriales, las investigaciones, la seguridad, la sanidad, etc., pero los sistemas de información que han permitido mejorar ostensiblemente los procesos al interior de las organizaciones, son los que al mismo tiempo han generado una serie de comportamientos ilícitos, que se les denomina “Delitos Informáticos”, y es el tema a abordar en este artículo de investigación, que se enmarca dentro del proyecto interdisciplinar titulado La seguridad en los Delitos informáticos desarrollado por estudiantes y docentes de los programas de Derecho e Ingeniería de Sistemas de la Corporación Universitaria Americana.

Abstract
It is clear that technological advances show the evolution of man, and we can check through the means for storage, transmission and information management. Advances that have changed the daily lives of individuals and organizations, which reflect increased business transactions, electronic commerce, online communications, industrial processes, research, safety, health, etc. , But systems information that allowed significantly improve processes within organizations are at the same time have created a series of unlawful conduct, which is called “ Computer Crimes “ and is the subject addressed in this research article, that is part of the interdisciplinary project entitled security in cybercrime developed by students and teachers of law programs and Systems Engineering of the American University Corporation.
DIDÁCTICA Y ENSEÑANZA DEL DERECHO EN LAS UNIVERSIDADES
Authors: Cordero Gutiérrez Iván Alfonso 
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo analizó la didáctica actual utilizada en la enseñanza del derecho por profesores de diversas universidades de la ciudad de Medellín, lo que implicó un análisis comparativo de las metodologías de aprendizaje y las dinámicas. Se utilizaron los métodos cuantitativo y cualitativo para el estudio teórico y la aplicación de los instrumentos necesarios para el análisis de las muestras, que generaron las alterna­tivas que se proponen ahora frente a la utilización de los modelos de enseñanza y la implementación de los mismos con la didáctica. La investigación delimitó los modelos de enseñanza y la didáctica utilizada en la actualidad por los profesores entrevistados que enseñan derecho en las universidades de Medellín y área metropolitana. En esta primera parte, se socializarán los fundamentos histórico-filosóficos de la enseñanza del Derecho. Se busca con esta investigación establecer cuál es la metodología de aprendi­zaje y la didáctica utilizada por los entrevistados para la enseñanza del derecho, con miras a potenciali­zar las habilidades de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de derecho.

Abstract
This paper analyzed the current teaching used in teaching law professors from various universities in the city of Medellin, which involved a comparative analysis of learning methodologies and dinámicas. Se used quantitative and qualitative methods for the theoretical study and the implementation of the neces­sary tools for the analysis of samples, generating alternatives being proposed against the use of teach­ing models and implement them with the teaching. Research delimited teaching models and teaching currently used by respondents law professors teaching in universities and metropolitan area of Medellín. In this first part, the historical and philosophical foundations of legal education will be socialized. This research seeks to establish what learning methodology and didactics used by respondents to the teach­ing of law in order to potentiate the learning skills of law students.