bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of diaries for understanding the experience of health and illness
Authors: Hilário Ana Patrícia , Augusto Fábio Rafael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile diaries as a method have a long tradition in sociological research, few studies to date have demonstrated its value for studying health and illness. This article intends to illustrate the importance of this method for health research. The implications of the use of solicited diaries to conduct research within the field of health and illness are discussed. The contributions that the method can make to sociological research on health and illness are explored, namely the potential to capture the everyday of ill people and their family members. Indeed, this method offers an opportunity to access the experience of illness in a multidimensional approach which is not easy for researchers to catch using other methods. The article aims to present an overview of the significance of the use of diaries in health research and will make a novel contribution to the sociology of health and illness.
Estimating traffic speed and speeding using passively collected big mobility data and a distributed computing framework
Authors: Zhang Peiqi , Stewart Kathleen , Li Yao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the increasing availability of location‐aware devices, passively collected big GPS trajectory data offer new opportunities for analyzing human mobility. Processing big GPS trajectory data, especially extracting information from billions of trajectory points and assigning information to corresponding road segments in road networks, is a challenging but necessary task for researchers to take full advantage of big data. In this research, we propose an Apache Spark and Sedona‐based computing framework that is capable of estimating traffic speeds for statewide road networks from GPS trajectory data. Taking advantage of spatial resilient distributed datasets supported by Sedona, the framework provides high computing efficiency while using affordable computing resources for map matching and waypoint gap filling. Using a mobility dataset of 126 million trajectory points collected in California, and a road network inclusive of all road types, we computed hourly speed estimates for approximately 600,000 segments across the state. Comparing speed estimates for freeway segments with speed limits, our speed estimates showed that speeding on freeways occurred mostly during the nighttime, while analysis of travel on residential roads showed that speeds were relatively stable over the 24‐h period.
Maternal and perinatal risk factors associated with congenital syphilis
Authors: Pascoal Lorena Batista , Carellos Ericka Viana Machado , Tarabai Briana Henriques Machado , Vieira Cristina Cerqueira , Rezende Larissa Gonçalves , Salgado Bárbara Silveira Faria , de Castro Romanelli Roberta Maia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveMother‐to‐child transmission of syphilis remains an important global public health problem. Untreated intrauterine infection may result in adverse events for the fetus or newborn (NB). Maternal risk factors, such as prenatal care, early diagnosis, and appropriate treatment, significantly impact the likelihood of vertical transmission of syphilis. The purpose of this review is to evaluate maternal risk factors for congenital syphilis and the characteristics of exposed NB.MethodsA total of 14 studies were evaluated, including 8 cohort studies, 4 cross‐sectional and 2 control cases. A total of 12,230 women were included, with confirmed or highly probable congenital syphilis outcome, and 2285 NB. The studies evaluated risk factors for congenital syphilis, which were maternal, demographic, obstetric factors and characteristics of the exposed NB.ResultsIncluded in the risk factors studied, inadequate prenatal care and late onset, as well as inadequate or late treatment of maternal syphilis were significant risk factors for the outcome of congenital syphilis. When the time set of maternal diagnosis was correlated with neonatal infection, there was a tendency to worsen prognosis (more infected NB) in women diagnosed later in pregnancy, as well as in women who underwent few prenatal consultations and inadequate treatment. Women with recent syphilis with high VDRL titres had a higher rate of vertical transmission. The prior history of syphilis with adequate treatment was identified as a protective factor, resulting in lower rates of congenital syphilis. Among the epidemiological and demographic aspects surveyed, it was observed that young age, lower schooling, unemployment, low family income and no fixed residence were associated with higher risk of congenital syphilis.ConclusionsThe association of syphilis with adverse socio‐economic conditions and inadequate prenatal care suggests that the improvement of the population's living conditions and equitable access to quality health services may have an impact on the reduction of congenital syphilis.
Irradiation is not sufficient to eradicate residual immortalized erythroid cells in in vitro‐generated red blood cell products
Authors: Kim Suyeon , Jo Kyeong Won , Park Ju Mi , Shin Arim , Kurita Ryo , Nakamura Yukio , Kweon Soonho , Baek Eun Jung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe generation of immortalized erythroid progenitor cell lines capable of producing enough red blood cells (RBCs) for blood transfusion typically requires the overexpression of oncogenes in stem cells or progenitor cells to permanently proliferate immature cells. It is essential that any live oncogene‐expressing cells are eliminated from the final RBC products for clinical use.Study Design and MethodsIt is believed that safety issues may be resolved by using a leukoreduction filter or by irradiating the final products, as is conventionally done in blood banks; however, this has never been proven to be effective. Therefore, to investigate whether immortalized erythroblasts can be completely removed using γ‐ray irradiation, we irradiated the erythroblast cell line, HiDEP, and the erythroleukemic cell line, K562 that overexpress HPV16 E6/E7. We then analyzed the extent of cell death using flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The cells were also subjected to leukoreduction filters.ResultsUsing γ‐ray irradiation at 25 Gy, 90.4% of HiDEP cells, 91.6% of K562‐HPV16 E6/E7 cells, and 93.5% of non‐transduced K562 cells were dead. In addition, 5.58 × 107 HiDEP cells were passed through a leukoreduction filter, and 38 intact cells were harvested, revealing a filter removal efficiency of 99.9999%. However, both intact cells and oncogene DNA were still detected.DiscussionIrradiation cannot induce total cell death of oncogene‐expressing erythroblasts and leukocyte filter efficiency is not 100%. Therefore, our findings imply that for clinical applications, safer methods should be developed to completely remove residual nucleated cells from cell line‐derived RBC products.
Examining the Digital Pitch: A 3-Year Examination of Social Media Metrics From Men’s Professional Sport
Authors: Scalera Alyssa , Naraine Michael L. 
Published: May 2023

Although research in the social media and sport domain continues to uncover key insights related to content, there has been a push toward identifying the social media metrics that serve as the antecedents to relationship marketing engagement. Along that vein, the purpose of this study was to analyze social media activity (i.e., impressions and engagements) from all teams in a given professional sport league over a 3-year period. Contextually set with Major League Soccer teams for the 2017, 2018, and 2019 calendar years, 66,745 Instagram posts were retrieved using MVPindex and parsed for focal social media metrics (i.e., impressions and engagements) for each team using a temporal lens (i.e., by month and by day). Findings of this study align with past work indicating the need for sport properties to focus on posting outside of game-day windows, harnessing the ongoing, instantaneous nature of social media.
Stimulus–Response Compatibility During Fighting Task Simulation: Influences of the Opponent’s Spatial Codes on the Accuracy and Response Time
Authors: de Moura Andreza Abreus , Mataruna-Dos-Santos Leonardo José , Conde Erick Francisco Quintas 
Published: May 2023

Manual Reaction Time measures have been widely used to study interactions between perceptual, cognitive, and motor functions. The Stimulus–Response Compatibility is a phenomenon characterized through faster Manual Reaction Times when stimuli and response locations coincide (correspondent condition) than when they are on different sides (noncorrespondent condition). The present study adapted a protocol to study if the Stimulus–Response Compatibility effect can be detected during a virtual combat simulation. Twenty-seven participants were instructed to defend themselves by clicking a key in order to block the presented punch. Videos of two fighters were used, granting two types of basic strokes: the back fist, a punch performed with the dorsal part of the fighter’s hand, starting at the opposite side to which it is directed; and the hook punch, performed with a clenched fist starting and finishing ipsilaterally. The Manual Reaction Times were different between the correspondent and noncorrespondent conditions, F(1, 26) = 9.925; p < .004; η2 = .276, with an Stimulus–Response Compatibility effect of 72 ms. Errors were also different, F(1, 26) = 23.199; p < .001; η2 = .472, between the correspondent (13%) and the noncorrespondent conditions (23%). The study concluded that spatial codes presented at the beginning of the punch movement perception substantially influenced the response execution.
Epidemiological characteristics of paediatric burn patients in China from 2016 to 2019: a retrospective study
Authors: Chen Kun , Liu Jing , Wang Xinyu , Chu Ping , Feng Guoshuang , Zeng Yueping , Xu Xin , Guo Yongli , Ni Xin 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundEpidemiological characteristics of paediatric burn can help to protect children from burn injuries. Most of the previous studies have been conducted on small scale and single centre in China. This study analysed the epidemiological characteristics of paediatric burn using a large-scale and multicentre database from 23 children’s hospitals in China to increase child protection against burn injuries, improve the quality of care and reduce hospitalisation costs.MethodsExcerpted information from medical records of 6741 paediatric burn cases was extracted from the Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development database from 2016 to 2019. The epidemiological characteristics of patients, including gender, age, cause of burn injuries, complication, the timing of hospitalisation (season and month) and hospitalisation length and cost, were collected.ResultsMale gender (63.23%), aged 1–2 years (69.95%), and hydrothermal scald (80.57%) were significantly dominant among cases. Furthermore, complications were significantly different among groups with different age of patients. Pneumonia was the most common complication (21%). Meanwhile, most paediatric burn occurred in spring (26.73%), and hospitalisation length and cost significantly depended on the cause of the burn injuries and surgical intervention.ConclusionsThis large-scale epidemiological study of paediatric burn in China revealed that boys aged 1–2 years with higher activity and lack of self-awareness are more likely to suffer from burn injuries by hydrothermal scald. In addition, complications, especially pneumonia, need attention and early prevention in paediatric burn.
Healthy Runner Project: a 7-year, multisite nutrition education intervention to reduce bone stress injury incidence in collegiate distance runners
Authors: Fredericson Michael , Roche Megan , Barrack Michelle T , Tenforde Adam , Sainani Kristin , Kraus Emily , Kussman Andrea , Miller Olson Emily , Kim Brian Young , Fahy Katherine , Miller Emily , Diamond Ellie , Meraz Sonya , Singh Sonal , Nattiv Aurelia 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesWe evaluated the effect of a nutrition education intervention on bone stress injury (BSI) incidence among female distance runners at two NCAA Division I institutions.MethodsHistorical BSI rates were measured retrospectively (2010–2013); runners were then followed prospectively in pilot (2013–2016) and intervention (2016–2020) phases. The primary aim was to compare BSI rates in the historical and intervention phases. Pilot phase data are included only for descriptive purposes. The intervention comprised team nutrition presentations focused on optimising energy availability plus individualised nutrition sessions for runners with elevated Female Athlete Triad risk. Annual BSI rates were calculated using a generalised estimating equation Poisson regression model adjusted for age and institution. Post hoc analyses were stratified by institution and BSI type (trabecular-rich or cortical-rich).ResultsThe historical phase included 56 runners and 90.2 person-years; the intervention phase included 78 runners and 137.3 person-years. Overall BSI rates were not reduced from the historical (0.52 events per person-year) to the intervention (0.43 events per person-year) phase. Post hoc analyses demonstrated trabecular-rich BSI rates dropped significantly from 0.18 to 0.10 events per person-year from the historical to intervention phase (p=0.047). There was a significant interaction between phase and institution (p=0.009). At Institution 1, the overall BSI rate dropped from 0.63 to 0.27 events per person-year from the historical to intervention phase (p=0.041), whereas no decline was observed at Institution 2.ConclusionOur findings suggest that a nutrition intervention emphasising energy availability may preferentially impact trabecular-rich BSI and depend on team environment, culture and resources.
Aortic valve intervention rates in patients of different ethnicity with severe aortic stenosis in Leicestershire, UK
Authors: Aslam Saadia , Patsalides Michalis A , Stoma Svetlana , Alfuhied Aseel , Nelson Christopher P , Squire Iain B , Lawson Claire A , Khunti Kamlesh , McCann Gerry P , Singh Anvesha 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo explore the ethnic differences in patients undergoing aortic valve (AV) intervention for severe aortic stenosis (AS) in Leicestershire, UK.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of all surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) at a single tertiary centre between April 2017 and March 2022, using local registry data.ResultsOf the 1231 SAVR and 815 TAVI performed, 6.5% and 3.7% were in ethnic minority patients, respectively. Based on the 2011 Census data for those with a Leicestershire postcode, crude cumulative rate of SAVR (n=489) was 0.64 per 1000 population overall and 0.69, 0.46 and 0.36 in White, Asian and Black populations, respectively; and 0.50 per 1000 population overall for TAVI (n=383), with 0.59, 0.16 and 0.06 for White, Asian and Black populations, respectively. Asians undergoing SAVR and TAVI were 5 and 3 years younger, respectively, than white patients with more comorbidities and a worse functional status.The age-adjusted cumulative rates for SAVR were 0.62 vs 0.72 per 1000 population for White and Asian patients and 0.51 vs 0.39 for TAVI. Asians were less likely to undergo SAVR and TAVI than White patients, with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.66 (0.50–0.87) and 0.27 (0.18–0.43), respectively, but the age-adjusted RR was not statistically significant.ConclusionThe crude rates of AV interventions are lower in Asian patients compared with the White population in Leicestershire, although age-adjusted rates were not statistically different. Further research to determine the sociodemographic differences in prevalence, incidence, mechanisms and treatment of AS across the UK is required.
Exercise prescription and strategies to promote the cross-education of strength: a scoping review
Authors: Voskuil Caleb C. , Andrushko Justin W. , Huddleston Boglarka S. , Farthing Jonathan P. , Carr Joshua C. 
Published: May 2023

This review examines the experimental evidence regarding unilateral resistance training frequency, intensity, the type of training, training volume, and adjuvant therapies on the cross-education of strength. CINAHL, MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were systematically searched with gray literature searches and pearling of references thereafter. Experiments were included in the review if they performed a unilateral resistance training intervention that directly compared the dose of a training variable on the cross-education response in healthy or clinical populations following a minimum of two weeks of training. Experiments must have reported maximal strength outcomes for the untrained limb. For each experiment, the study population, intervention methods, the dosage of the training variable being studied, and the outcomes for the untrained, contralateral limb were identified and collectively synthesized. The search returned a total of 912 articles, 57 of which qualified for inclusion. The results show that experimental trials have been conducted on resistance training frequency ( n = 4), intensity ( n = 7), the type of training ( n = 26), training volume ( n = 3), and adjuvant therapies ( n = 17) on the cross-education of strength. This review maps the available evidence regarding exercise design and prescription strategies to promote the cross-education of strength. It appears that traditional resistance training frequencies (i.e., 2–3×/week) at high intensities are effective at promoting cross-education with eccentric muscle actions showing additive benefits. There is experimental evidence that neuromodulatory techniques can augment cross-education when layered with unilateral resistance training versus training alone. Registration identifier (osf.io/9sh5b). The cross-education of strength is moderated by exercise design and prescription in clinical and non-clinical populations. This review synthesizes the available evidence regarding exercise design strategies for unilateral resistance training and provides evidence-based recommendations for the prescription of unilateral training to maximize the cross-education of strength. Greater insights regarding the timing and effectiveness of cross-education interventions in clinical scenarios will strengthen the use of unilateral resistance training for individuals who may benefit from its use.
Numerical study for the computation of critical submergence for side circular intake under uniform flow
Authors: Hashid Muhammed , Hussain Ajmal , Ahmad Zulfequar 
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses a numerical model study for the simulation of flow characteristics and critical submergence for a laterally placed horizontal circular bottom intake under uniform flow. The proposed model simulates the free surface using the volume of fluid model to check the vortex formation at critical submergence. A new combined approach using phase volume fraction and swirl strength-based vortex identification mechanism is used to compute the critical submergence. The swirl strength-based vortex identification mechanism can show the vortex tube in approach flow with swirl generated at the free surface due to the axial flow withdrawal through side bottom intake at critical submergence. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model results were validated using experimental data, which showed a maximum error of less than ±10% in the prediction of the critical submergence. The effect of significant parameters like intake and approach flow Froude number and sill height of intake on the critical submergence is discussed. The results of this study help practitioners to adopt CFD-based numerical modelling for the design of water intakes instead of entirely relying on physical model studies, which require more finance and time.
Greybody factors emitted by a regular black hole in a non-minimally coupled Einstein–Yang–Mills theory
Authors: Al-Badawi Ahmad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the greybody factors (GFs) for fermions with different spins and bosons in the regular black hole (BH) predicted by a non-minimal Einstein–Yang–Mills (EYM) theory. We investigate the effect of magnetic charge on effective potentials and GFs. For this purpose, we consider the Dirac and Rarita–Schwinger, as well as Klein–Gordon equations. First, we study the Dirac equation in curved spacetime for massive and massless spin-1/2 fermions. We then separate the Dirac equation into sets of radial and angular equations. Using the analytical solution of the angular equation, the Schrödinger-like wave equations with potentials are derived by decoupling the radial wave equations via the tortoise coordinate. We also consider the Rarita–Schwinger equation for massless spin-3/2 fermions and derive the one-dimensional Schrödinger wave equation with gauge-invariant effective potential. For bosons, we study the Klein–Gordon equation in the regular non-minimal EYM BH. Afterward, semi-analytic methods were used to calculate the fermionic and bosonic GFs. Finally, we discuss the graphical behavior of the obtained effective potentials and bounds on the GFs. According to graphs, the GF is highly influenced by the potential’s shape, which is determined by the parameterization of the model. This is in line with quantum theory.
Artificial intelligence for reducing the radiation burden of medical imaging for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease
Authors: Hu Jiaxi , Mougiakakou Stavroula , Xue Song , Afshar-Oromieh Ali , Hautz Wolf , Christe Andreas , Sznitman Raphael , Rominger Axel , Ebner Lukas , Shi Kuangyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMedical imaging has been intensively employed in screening, diagnosis and monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic. With the improvement of RT–PCR and rapid inspection technologies, the diagnostic references have shifted. Current recommendations tend to limit the application of medical imaging in the acute setting. Nevertheless, efficient and complementary values of medical imaging have been recognized at the beginning of the pandemic when facing unknown infectious diseases and a lack of sufficient diagnostic tools. Optimizing medical imaging for pandemics may still have encouraging implications for future public health, especially for long-lasting post-COVID-19 syndrome theranostics. A critical concern for the application of medical imaging is the increased radiation burden, particularly when medical imaging is used for screening and rapid containment purposes. Emerging artificial intelligence (AI) technology provides the opportunity to reduce the radiation burden while maintaining diagnostic quality. This review summarizes the current AI research on dose reduction for medical imaging, and the retrospective identification of their potential in COVID-19 may still have positive implications for future public health.
The couplings of axion-like particle with neutrinos and some decay processes involving neutrinos
Authors: Li Xin-Yang , Yue Chong-Xing , Dai Guo-Qiang , Wang Han 
Published: May 2023

The axion or axion-like particle (ALP) is one of the best motivated particle candidates beyond the Standard Model (SM). Its rich phenomenology has been extensively studied in various low- and high-energy experiments. However, there are relatively few studies about the couplings of ALP with neutrinos at collider experiments. In the context of the simple [Formula: see text]ALP scenario, we consider the contributions of [Formula: see text]ALP via the couplings [Formula: see text] to the decays [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] being charged pseudoscalar meson. Comparing our numerical results with the corresponding experimental measured values, we derive constraints on the coupling parameter [Formula: see text] and the [Formula: see text]ALP mass [Formula: see text]. The constraints on [Formula: see text] from the decay [Formula: see text] are generally stricter than those from other decays, the strictest constraint comes from the decay [Formula: see text], which is [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] MeV (400 MeV).