bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of an innovative mHealth-based integrated modality for smoking cessation in Chinese smokers: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chu Shuilian , Feng Lin , Zuo Yingting , Jing Hang , Zhang Di , Tong Zhaohui , Shi Ju , Ma Haomiao , Zhang Zhijin , Liang Lirong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Developing accessible, affordable, and effective approaches to smoking cessation is crucial for tobacco control. Mobile health (mHealth) based interventions have the potential to aid smokers in quitting, and integrating treatments from multiple sources may further enhance their accessibility and effectiveness. As part of our efforts in smoking cessation, we developed a novel behavioral intervention delivery modality for smoking cessation that integrated three interventions using the WeChat app, called the “Way to Quit” modality (WQ modality). It is presented here the protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of the WQ modality in Chinese smokers.

Methods
Eligible participants (n = 460) will be recruited via online advertisement in Beijing, China. They will be randomly assigned to receive either quitline-based treatment (QT, n = 230) or WQ modality-based treatment (WQ, n = 230) using a block randomization method. Participants in the QT group will receive telephone-assisted treatment over a four-week period (multi-call quitline protocol), while those in the WQ group will receive integrated interventions based on the WQ modality for four weeks. A four-week supply of nicotine replacement therapy (gums) will be provided to all participants. Participants will be asked to complete phone or online follow-up at 1, 3, 6, and 12-months. At 1-month follow-up, individuals with self-reported smoking abstinence for more than 7 days will be invited to receive an exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) test for biochemical validation. The primary aim is to determine whether the WQ modality is effective in assisting smokers in quitting smoking. The secondary aims are to evaluate the acceptability, satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness of the WQ modality.

Discussion
If the WQ modality is determined to be effective, acceptable, and affordable, it will be relatively easy to reach and provide professional cessation treatments to the communities, thus helping to reduce the disparities in smoking cessation services between different regions and socioeconomic groups.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200066427, Registered December 5, 2022.
Clinical phenotypes and prognostic factors in persons with hip osteoarthritis undergoing total hip arthroplasty: protocol for a longitudinal prospective cohort study (HIPPROCLIPS)
Authors: Sergooris Abner , Verbrugghe Jonas , Matheve Thomas , Van Den Houte Maaike , Bonnechère Bruno , Corten Kristoff , Bogaerts Katleen , Timmermans Annick 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Large heterogeneity exists in the clinical manifestation of hip osteoarthritis (OA). It is therefore not surprising that pain and disability in individuals with hip OA and after total hip arthroplasty (THA) cannot be explained by biomedical variables alone. Indeed, also maladaptive pain-related cognitions and emotions can contribute to pain and disability, and can lead to poor treatment outcomes. Traumatic experiences, mental disorders, self-efficacy and social support can influence stress appraisal and strategies to cope with pain, but their influence on pain and disability has not yet been established in individuals with hip OA undergoing THA. This study aims (1) to determine the influence of traumatic experiences and mental disorders on pain processing before and shortly after THA (2) to identify preoperative clinical phenotypes in individuals with hip OA eligible for THA, (3) to identify pre- and early postoperative prognostic factors for outcomes in pain and disability after THA, and (4) to identify postoperative clinical phenotypes in individuals after THA.

Methods
This prospective longitudinal cohort study will investigate 200 individuals undergoing THA for hip OA. Phenotyping variables and candidate prognostic factors include pain-related fear-avoidance behaviour, perceived injustice, mental disorders, traumatic experiences, self-efficacy, and social support. Peripheral and central pain mechanisms will be assessed with thermal quantitative sensory testing. The primary outcome measure is the hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score. Other outcome measures include performance-based measures, hip muscle strength, the patient-specific functional scale, pain intensity, global perceived effect, and outcome satisfaction. All these measurements will be performed before surgery, as well as 6 weeks, 3 months, and 12 months after surgery. Pain-related cognitions and emotions will additionally be assessed in the early postoperative phase, on the first, third, fifth, and seventh day after THA. Main statistical methods that will be used to answer the respective research questions include: LASSO regression, decision tree learning, gradient boosting algorithms, and recurrent neural networks.

Discussion
The identification of clinical phenotypes and prognostic factors for outcomes in pain and disability will be a first step towards pre- and postoperative precision medicine for individuals with hip OA undergoing THA.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05265858. Registered on 04/03/2022.
D-dimer to lymphocyte ratio can serve as a potential predictive and prognostic value in colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases
Authors: Lu Shaolong , Gong Shipei , Wu Feixiang , Ma Liang , Xiang Bangde , Li Lequn , Tang Weizhong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The intent of this research was to generate and investigate the D-dimer to lymphocyte ratio (DLR) capacity to forecast the risk and prognosis of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM).

Methods
From January 2010 to December 2019, 177 clinicopathologically confirmed colorectal cancer (CRC) patients (89 in the control group and 88 in the experimental group) were identified at the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to screen independent predictive diagnostic and prognostic factors of liver metastasis in CRC, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan‒Meier (K‒M) curves were established to analyze the diagnostic and predictive prognostic efficacy of the DLR in the development of CRCLM.

Results
Patients with CRCLM had higher DLR levels and D-dimer levels in their blood, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). DLR might be employed as a predictor for the development of CRCLM, according to ROC curve research (sensitivity 0.670, specificity 0.775, area under the curve 0.765). D-dimer, lymphocyte count CEA, CA125, and CA199 were not linked to prognosis in patients with CRCLM in Cox regression analysis of dichotomous variables. In contrast, DLR level was a possible risk factor for the prognosis of patients with CRCLM (HR = 2.108, p = 0.047), and age, T stage, and DLR level (DLR < 0.4) were connected with the prognosis of patients with CRCLM (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
DLR serves as a risk indicator for the development of CRCLM.
Investigation of the efficacy of different Ni-Ti systems on acrylic blocks for correcting ledge formation
Authors: Ünlü Osman , Güneç Hüseyin Gürkan , Haznedaroğlu Faruk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of K-type stainless steel hand instruments (Mani Inc. ), Fanta AF™ Ledge Correction (LC) (Fanta Dental), and Hyflex EDM (Coltene-Whaledent) for ledge correction, canal transport, centric ability, and shaping (preparation) time after an artificial ledge has been bypassed manually in highly curved canals using acrylic blocks.

Methods
Forty-two resin blocks, each with a radius of 5 mm (Endo Trainer Block, VDW) and an apical inclination of 55°, were used. Under stereomicroscope magnification, standard artificial ledges were created on acrylic blocks, and attempts were then made to eliminate them using hand instruments, FantaAF™ LC, and Hyflex EDM. Before and after images were obtained using a stereomicroscope and compared using Photoshop.

Results
Fanta AF™ LC and Hyflex EDM were found to be more effective for correcting ledges than hand instruments. The use of hand instruments resulted in the greatest transportation away from the canal curvature in the apical area. The canal shaping was completed in the shortest amount of time using Fanta AF™ LC, followed by HyFlex EDM and then the hand instruments.

Conclusion
In terms of centric ability, the order from best to worst is as follows: Fanta AF™ LC, Hyflex EDM, and hand instruments. After the ledge was manually bypassed with hand instruments in the root canals, Hyflex EDM and Fanta AF™ LC were found to be more effective than hand instruments in reshaping the previously unreachable region between the ledge and the foramen apical.
First diagnosed invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast combined with gastric metastasis and bone metastasis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Sun Lin , Liu Jiajia , Guo Meng , Xu Jiaqi , Wang Dan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Chinese women topped the list of new breast cancers, the first diagnosed gastric metastasis and bone metastasis is extremely infrequent. The clinical and pathological diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer is difficult. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of the first diagnosis of breast cancer with both gastric metastasis and bone metastasis.

Case report
The female patient was found to have abdominal distension for 15 days with nausea and vomiting. The patient underwent a gastroscopy at an outside hospital 4 days ago, showing: duodenal bulb changes, gastric retention and chronic non-atrophic gastritis. Gastroscopic biopsy showed chronic inflammation and edema of the duodenal mucosa with glandular hyperplasia. Conservative treatment was given with no relief of symptoms. She was seen in our hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery department. After admission, palliative surgery was performed, and the swelling and surrounding involved tissues were taken for examination during surgery. The rapid pathological return could not exclude tumor lesions, and the postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast with gastric metastases, and the systemic examination revealed combined bone metastases.

Diagnosis
Pathology and immunohistochemistry(IHC), a whole-body bone scan confirmed the first diagnosis of breast cancer with both gastric and bone metastases.

Interventions
Palliative treatment with bisphosphonates and CDK4/6i (Palbociclib) in combination with AI (Exemestane) was administered.

Outcomes
The patient is currently under regular evaluation and is being followed up.
The epidemiological and medico-legal characteristics of violent deaths and spousal homicides through a population of women autopsied within the Forensic Medicine Department of the University Hospital of Annaba
Authors: Mellouki Y. , Sellami L. , Saker L. , Belkhadja N. , Zerairia Y. , Kaious F. , Mira A. H. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Domestic violence is a real public health problem with considerable consequences, ranging from minor injuries to death. Our study aims to determine the epidemiological and forensic characteristics relating to the violent mortality of women, and more particularly spousal homicide.

Methods
To do this, a double survey was conducted. The first step was descriptive and retrospective, and the second survey was analytical and prospective. This latter step covered the most populous age group of murdered women in Algeria, which is eighteen-year-old and over, and subjected a number of these female victims to a medico-judicial autopsy at the level of the thanatology unit for over four years counting two years for each survey (2017–2018 and 2019–2020). Data were entered and processed using Epi-info6 software.

Results
During the initial period of our study, we identified 35 cases of violent deaths involving women and representing a frequency of 5.71% of the thanatological activity.
During the second period, 12 spousal homicides were recorded and autopsied, representing a frequency of 1.79% of all forensic deaths in the corresponding study period.
The average age of the victims was evaluated at 33 ± 12.91 years, with extremes of 19 to 56 years. The age of the perpetrators of spousal homicide was evaluated at 42 ± 10.76 years with extremes ranging from 30 to 60 years.
For victims of violent death and spousal homicide, inactivity was a strongly implicated risk factor, with respective frequencies of (88.57%) and (58.33%). Two-thirds of the persecuted women were completely unknown to the healthcare environment and had never consulted a medical professional. This parameter could be one of the predictive signs of spousal homicide.
The marital home was the preferred location for violent deaths and spousal homicides. These crimes occurred variably during the period of marriage and eventually after divorce.
As for the modus operandi, the perpetrators use many sharp and spinous weapons, including firearms and blunt objects.

Conclusion
Autopsy and medico-legal investigations took a decisive interest in the identification of the causes of spousal homicide; indeed, many serious traumatic lesions incompatible with life have been highlighted. We underline the crucial role that healthcare professionals must play in the process of identifying and evaluating potentially risky situations.
Healthcare workers’ delivery of adolescent responsive sexual and reproductive healthcare services: an assessment in Plateau state, Nigeria
Authors: Envuladu Esther Awazzi , Massar Karlijn , de Wit John 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Adolescents should have access to high quality and responsive sexual and reproductive health, however, it is unclear to what extent the national policy on health and development of adolescent is implemented by health care workers in Plateau State. This study assessed the general availability of sexual and reproductive health services, the delivery of responsive adolescent sexual and reproductive health services and health care worker?s understanding of what constitutes adolescent responsive sexual and reproductive health services.

Methods
Using a cross sectional design, we interviewed 409 health care workers selected through a multistage sampling technique, across six Local Government Areas of Plateau State, Nigeria using an interviewer-administered survey questionnaire.

Results
The most available sexual and reproductive health services was antenatal and delivery care (69.2%), contraception 25.9% and 14.9% reported post abortion care. Only 1.2% indicated the availability of the four recommended essential sexual and reproductive health services (counselling/information provision, provision of contraceptives, testing/treatment for sexually transmitted infection (STI) /HIV and post abortion care) in their facilities. Little over half (58.4%) felt their facilities were adequate in meeting the sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescent and this was associated with delivery of post abortion care (AOR=3.612; CI=1.886-6.917; p = .001) and providing sexual and reproductive health services to adolescents without parental consent (AOR=3.612; CI=1.886-6.917; p = .001). Most health care workers had poor understanding of adolescent responsiveness of sexual and reproductive health services, understanding better among health workers who provided services without parental consent and in a separate room for privacy and confidentiality.

Conclusion
We conclude that adolescent sexual and reproductive health services is not yet as stipulated in the national policy in Plateau State, Nigeria and in general, health workers have poor understanding of what it means to provide adolescent-responsive services.
Predictors of the worry about cancer recurrence among women with breast cancer
Authors: Safdari-Molan Masoumeh , Mehrabi Esmat , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Eghdam-Zamiri Reza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionWorry about cancer recurrence is identified as the most common psychological burdens experienced by cancer patients and survivors. The present study aimed to determine the predictors of worry about cancer recurrence among women with breast cancer.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 166 women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy, who referred to private and public oncology centers in Tabriz, Iran using the convenience sampling. Data collection tools were demographic and disease characteristics questionnaire, cancer worry scale, social support questionnaire, brief illness perception questionnaire, international physical activity questionnaire-short form, and The EORTC-in-patsat32. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, ANOVA, and multivariate linear regression were used.ResultsIn the present study, the mean (standard deviation) of score of worry about cancer recurrence was 17.41 (7.88), ranging from 8–32. The results revealed that the type of surgery, illness perception, satisfaction with care, and place of treatment were the most important predictors of worry about cancer recurrence, which explained 44.3% of the variance.ConclusionThe enhancement of satisfaction with care and training coping strategies among individuals with high perceived severity of the illness contribute to the reduction of worry about cancer recurrence and adaptation to breast cancer.
Perspectives of family medicine residents in Riyadh on leadership training: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alluhaymid Yousef , Alalwan Abdulaziz , Alruwaitea Abdulmajeed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Medical educators in academia have faced challenges incorporating leadership training into curricula while minimizing redundancy and assuring value and relevance for all learners. This study aims to assess the status of leadership training as perceived by family medicine residents in Riyadh to advise the development of a formal leadership training curriculum.

Method
The research is cross-sectional and quantitative. Participants were asked via an electronic questionnaire about their leadership attitudes, perceived degree of training in various leadership domains, and where they could find additional training.

Results
The survey was completed by 270 family medicine residents in Riyadh. Residents rated the importance of physician leadership in their communities as high (6 out of 7 on a Likert scale). In contrast, agreement with the statement 'I am a leader' obtained the lowest grade (4.4 of 7 on a Likert scale). Overall, most of the residents participating in the study (50% or more) voiced a desire for more training in all leadership domains. Over 50% of residents indicated that leadership electives or selective lectures, workshops, or seminars as well as WADAs (Weekly Academic Day Activities), leadership mentors or coaches teaching junior learners (with training), and leadership courses could be incorporated into the curriculum to foster leadership skills.

Conclusion
Residents were enthusiastic about family physicians being leaders, aligning with the current educational philosophy but requiring formal training. They also indicated areas where leadership training might be improved and developed in the current curriculum. This poll's results could be used to help residents build leadership skills by incorporating them into a formal leadership curriculum.
The pre-analytical process management status and influencing factors of laboratory test before prescribing antimicrobial in developing country
Authors: Zheng Feiyang , Wang Kang , Wang Qianning , Yu Tiantian , Zhang Xinping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The results of laboratory testing are crucial basis for clinicians to prescribe antimicrobial. Laboratory testing is a highly complex process, and increasing evidence suggests that errors and obstacles in the pre-analytical process (PP) will affect reasonable antimicrobial use. However, PP was an easily neglected link in hospital infection management and the current situation of it and the influencing factors of management are not clear.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the department of clinical, specimen collection, transportation, and inspection in 109 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Central China. The rate of antimicrobial susceptibility test request (AST) and related indexes of above departments were calculated to describe the situation. Management characteristics (frequency of training etc.) were described as proportions and fractional probit regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors.

Results
The average rate of non restricted-use antimicrobial was 63%, the restricted-use was 86%, the special-use was 95%. The zero obstacle rate of specimen collection was 27.3%, of specimen transportation was 19.4% and of inspection feedback was 61.7%. There was a difference between the secondary and tertiary hospitals on non restricted-use (X2 = 22.968, P < 0.001); restricted-use (X2 = 29.466, P < 0.001); special-use (X2 = 27.317, P < 0.001). Taking non restricted-use as an example, training (OR = 0.312, 95%CI: 0.148,0.429), low-frequency appraisal (OR = 0.153, 95%CI: 0.082,0.224), guidance (OR = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.237,0.403) and information technology (OR = 0.104, 95%CI: 0.009,0.199) were positive factors.

Conclusions
There were substantial differences in the rate of AST request in clinical department between secondary and tertiary hospitals. The zero obstacle rate in collection, transportation and inspection department were still low. In most departments, training and performance appraisal were positive factors, guidance and information technology were positive supporting factors.
Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed T cell differentiation associated with the age-related phenotypes in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Lin Yao , Li Yueqi , Chen Hubin , Meng Jun , Li Jingyi , Chu Jiemei , Zheng Ruili , Wang Hailong , Pan Peijiang , Su Jinming , Jiang Junjun , Ye Li , Liang Hao , An Sanqi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe risk of severe condition caused by Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) increases with age. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been clearly understood. The dataset GSE157103 was used to perform weighted gene co-expression network analysis on 100 COVID-19 patients in our analysis. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we identified a key module which was significantly related with age. This age-related module could predict Intensive Care Unit status and mechanical-ventilation usage, and enriched with positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway biological progress. Moreover, 10 hub genes were identified as crucial gene of the age-related module. Protein–protein interaction network and transcription factors-gene interactions were established. Lastly, independent data sets and RT-qPCR were used to validate the key module and hub genes. Our conclusion revealed that key genes were associated with the age-related phenotypes in COVID-19 patients, and it would be beneficial for clinical doctors to develop reasonable therapeutic strategies in elderly COVID-19 patients.