bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A dynamic balance between neuronal death and clearance after acute brain injury
Authors: Balena Trevor , Lillis Kyle , Rahmati Negah , Bahari Fatemeh , Dzhala Volodymyr , Berdichevsky Eugene , Staley Kevin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAfter acute brain injury, neuronal apoptosis may overwhelm the capacity for microglial phagocytosis, creating a queue of dying neurons awaiting clearance. The size of this queue should be equally sensitive to changes in neuronal death and the rate of phagocytosis. Using rodent organotypic hippocampal slice cultures as a model of acute perinatal brain injury, serial imaging demonstrated that the capacity for microglial phagocytosis of dying neurons was overwhelmed for two weeks. Altering phagocytosis rates, e.g. by changing the number of microglia, dramatically changed the number of visibly dying neurons. Similar effects were generated when the visibility of dying neurons was altered by changing the membrane permeability for vital stains. Canonically neuroprotective interventions such as seizure blockade and neurotoxic maneuvers such as perinatal ethanol exposure were mediated by effects on microglial activity and the membrane permeability of apoptotic neurons, and had either no or opposing effects on healthy surviving neurons.SignificanceAfter acute brain injury, microglial phagocytosis is overwhelmed by the number of dying cells. Under these conditions, the assumptions on which assays for neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects are based are no longer valid. Thus longitudinal assays of healthy cells, such as assessment of the fluorescence emission of transgenically-expressed proteins, provide more accurate estimates of cell death than do single-time-point anatomical or biochemical assays. More accurate estimates of death rates will increase the translatability of preclinical studies of neuroprotection and neurotoxicity.
The Arabidopsis Concert of Metabolic Acclimation to High Light Stress
Authors: Balcke Gerd Ulrich , Vahabi Khabat , Giese Jonas , Finkemeier Iris , Tissier Alain 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn plants, exposure to high light irradiation induces various stress responses, which entail complex metabolic rearrangements. To systematically study such dynamic changes, we conducted time course experiments from 2 minutes to 72 hours withArabidopsis thalianaplants exposed to high and control light conditions. We performed comparative metabolomics, transcriptomics, redox proteomics and stable isotope labelling on leaf rosettes. Our data analysis identifies a set of synchronous and successive responses that provide a deeper insight into well-orchestrated mechanisms contributing to high light acclimation. We observe a downregulation of genes encoding light harvesting proteins and a transient restriction of genes involved in linear electron flow through photosystem I. C4 acids, produced via anaplerotic routes, strongly accumulate under high light conditions. Redox homeostasis is tightly balanced by reduced NADPH production, enhanced subcellular redistribution of reducing equivalents across several subcellular compartments via photorespiration and activation of processes that quench reactive oxygen species. In this well-orchestrated network, methylerythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate, fulfills a dual function as intermediate of plastidic isoprenoid production and as a stress signal molecule.
Structural analyses of ‘substrate-pH of activity’ pairing observed in Polysaccharide lyases
Authors: Pandey Shubhant , Berger Bryan W. , Acharya Rudresh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnionic polysaccharides found in nature are functionally and structurally diverse, and so are the polysaccharide lyases (PLs) which catalyse their degradation. Atomic superposition of various PL folds according to their cleavable substrate structure confirm the occurrence of structural convergence at PL active sites. This suggests that various PL folds have emerged to cleave a particular class of anionic polysaccharide during the course of evolution. While structural and mechanistic similarity of PLs active site have been highlighted in earlier studies, a detailed understanding regarding functional properties of this catalytic convergence remains an open question, especially the role of extrinsic factors such as pH in the context of substrate binding and catalysis. Our earlier structural and functional work on pH directed multi-substrate specificity of Smlt1473 inspired us to regroup PLs according to substrate type to analyse the pH dependence of their catalytic activity. Interestingly, we find that particular groups of substrates are cleaved in a particular pH range (acidic/neutral/basic) irrespective of PLs fold, boosting the idea of functional convergence as well. Based on this observation, we set out to define structurally and computationally the key constituents of an active site among PL families. This study delineates the structural determinants of conserved ‘substrate-pH activity pairing’ within and between PL families.
Bayesian hierarchical modeling of size spectra
Authors: Wesner Jeff S. , Pomeranz Justin P.F. , Junker James R. , Gjoni Vojsava 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA fundamental pattern in ecology is that smaller organisms are more abundant than larger organisms. This pattern is known as the individual size distribution (ISD), which is the frequency of all individual body sizes in an ecosystem.The ISD is described by a power law and a major goal of size spectra analyses is to estimate the exponent of the power law, λ. However, while numerous methods have been developed to do this, they have focused almost exclusively on estimating λ from single samples.Here, we develop an extension of the truncated Pareto distribution within the probabilistic modeling language Stan. We use it to estimate multiple λs simultaneously in a hierarchical modeling approach.The most important result is the ability to examine hypotheses related to size spectra, including the assessment of fixed and random effects, within a single Bayesian generalized (non)-linear mixed model. While the example here uses size spectra, the technique can also be generalized to any data that follows a power law distribution.
Joint Modeling of Gene-Environment Correlations and Interactions using Polygenic Risk Scores in Case-Control Studies
Authors: Wang Ziqiao , Shi Wen , Carroll Raymond J. , Chatterjee Nilanjan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolygenic risk scores (PRS) are rapidly emerging as aggregated measures of disease-risk associated with many genetic variants. Understanding the interplay of PRS with environmental factors is critical for interpreting and applying PRS in a wide variety of settings. We develop an efficient method for simultaneously modeling gene-environment correlations and interactions using PRS in case-control studies. We use a logistic-normal regression modeling framework to specify the disease risk and PRS distribution in the underlying population and propose joint inference across the two models using the retrospective likelihood of the case-control data. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate the flexibility of the method in trading-off bias and efficiency for the estimation of various model parameters compared to the standard logistic regression or a case-only analysis for gene-environment interactions, or a control-only analysis for gene-environment correlations. Finally, using simulated case-control datasets within the UK Biobank study, we demonstrate the power of the proposed method for its ability to recover results from the full prospective cohort for the detection of an interaction between long-term oral contraceptive use and PRS on the risk of breast cancer. This method is computationally efficient and implemented in a user-friendly R package.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of Lilford’s wall lizard,Podarcis lilfordi(Günther, 1874) from the Balearic Islands (Spain)
Authors: Gomez-Garrido Jessica , Cruz Fernando , Alioto Tyler S. , Feiner Nathalie , Uller Tobias , Gut Marta , Sanchez Escudero Ignacio , Tavecchia Giacomo , Rotger Andreu , Otalora Acevedo Katherin Eliana , Baldo Laura 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Mediterranean lizardPodarcis lilfordiis an emblematic species of the Balearic Islands. The extensive phenotypic diversity among extant isolated populations makes the species a great insular model system for eco-evolutionary studies, as well as a challenging target for conservation management plans. Here we report the first high quality chromosome-level assembly and annotation of theP. lilfordigenome, along with its mitogenome, based on a mixed sequencing strategy (10X Genomics linked reads, Oxford Nanopore Technologies long reads and Hi-C scaffolding) coupled with extensive transcriptomic data (Illumina and PacBio). The genome assembly (1.5 Gb) is highly contiguous (N50 = 90 Mb) and complete, with 99% of the sequence assigned to candidate chromosomal sequences and >97% gene completeness. We annotated a total of 25,663 protein-coding genes, assigning 72% to known functions. Comparison to the genome of the related speciesPodarcis muralisrevealed substantial similarity in genome size, annotation metrics, repeat content, and strong collinearity, despite their evolutionary distance (~18-20 MYA). This genome expands the repertoire of available reptilian genomes and will facilitate the exploration of the molecular and evolutionary processes underlying the extraordinary phenotypic diversity of this insular species, while providing a critical resource for conservation genomics.
An efficient and accurate force/torque sensing method based on an excitation trajectory
Authors: Min Kang , Ni Fenglei , Liu Hong 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to propose an efficient and accurate force/torque (F/T) sensing method for the robotic wrist-mounted six-dimensional F/T sensor based on an excitation trajectory.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents an efficient and accurate F/T sensing method based on an excitation trajectory. First, the dynamic identification model is established by comprehensively considering inertial forces/torques, sensor zero-drift values, robot base inclination errors and forces/torques caused by load gravity. Therefore, the sensing accuracy is improved. Then, the excitation trajectory with optimized poses is used for robot following and data acquisition. The data acquisition is not limited by poses and its time can be significantly shortened. Finally, the least squares method is used to identify parameters and sense contact forces/torques.

Findings
Experiments have been carried out on the self-developed robot manipulator. The results strongly demonstrate that the proposed approach is more efficient and accurate than the existing widely-adopted method. Furthermore, the data acquisition time can be shortened from more than 60 s to 3 s/20 s. Thus, the proposed approach is effective and suitable for fast-paced industrial applications.

Originality/value
The main contributions of this paper are as follows: the dynamic identification model is established by comprehensively considering inertial forces/torques, sensor zero-drift values, robot base inclination errors and forces/torques caused by load gravity; and the excitation trajectory with optimized poses is used for robot following and data acquisition.
The technicians of consumer society: the creation of advertising men and practical advertising knowledge in early twentieth-century Sweden
Authors: Åström Rudberg Elin , Husz Orsi 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate an unexplored part of advertising history; namely, the education of a large, mundane, nonelite group of advertising professionals, so-called advertising technicians and the knowledge they acquired. Examining correspondence courses in the technology of advertising, we focus particularly on the production of technified knowledge and mass personas.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on a qualitative analysis of course material from Sweden’s two largest correspondence schools in the 1930s and 1940s. Two theoretical concepts guide the analysis: the concept of market devices and the notion of personas, both of which we use to show how the courses crafted a particular kind of advertising professional as well as knowledge.

Findings
The study shows that courses created a template-based persona of the advertising technician, who possessed what we call bounded originality characterized by diligence, modesty and rule-governed creative imagination. Similarly, the courses created a body of knowledge that was controllable and highly practice-oriented. The advertising technician was expected to embody and internalize the advertising knowledge, thus, becoming an extension of this knowledge on the market.

Originality/value
By directing the searchlight at the cadre of ordinary, middle-class advertising professionals instead of the high-profile “advertising creatives” and innovators, the paper brings to the foreground the nonelite level of the advertising industry. These practitioners went to work in the business world to produce the everyday advertising that was not necessarily groundbreaking but was needed in a growing mass-consumption society.
A holistic approach to augmented reality-related research in tourism: through bibliometric analysis
Authors: Hanaa Shafeeque M. , Abdul Azees P. 
Published: February 2023

PurposeWith its potential to significantly improve the tourism sector, augmented reality (AR), an emerging technology, is a growing force in the field. It has attracted significant academic attention and expanded publishing options over the past 20 years. However, so far, no review has provided a comprehensive overview of AR-related research in tourism. This work uses the VOS Viewer and Bibliometrix R-package software to present a bibliometric review of the scientific literature in the area of AR-related tourism research in order to fill this gap.Design/methodology/approachThe theme of AR in tourism was searched in the Scopus database. The original search yielded 327 papers in total, which were then filtered based on the parameters. A total of 190 relevant documents were generated by the refining process. For the publications pertaining to AR in tourism, the most cited papers, prominent authors, productive journals and countries, co-authorship among countries, trending topics, thematic map, co-occurrence analysis of keywords and bibliographic coupling of documents were all looked into.FindingsThis report shows a recent rise in research on AR in the tourism industry. The top 10 studies in the topic had a combined total of 1749 citations, while the authors found three papers with more than 200 Scopus citations. Till the date of extraction, 555 writers have contributed to the field of AR in tourism, with Tom Dieck M.C., Chung N. and Jung T. receiving the most citations. According to co-authorship analysis, the UK collaborates with other countries the most. Thematic map has thrown insight into the niche themes and emerging themes in the field. Coupling analysis has revealed four major research streams in the field of AR in tourism.Research limitations/implicationsThis study can be considered as a first study to utilize a bibliometric method to address this research gap, identifying the top documents, journals and, most importantly, the future research areas identified through the thematic map analysis of keywords and bibliographic coupling.Practical implicationsHistorical growth within this discipline was made clear by an in-depth analysis of the studied themes in this area. Hence, the discovery of relatively new subjects offers scholars the chance to plan their research in this area and thereby enhance the literature. The study is also beneficial for practitioners in the tourism industry.Originality/valueThis work examined previously published publications on AR in tourism using a bibliometric analytic technique. Additionally, it contributes to the current knowledge accumulation in learning about the applicability of AR in tourism and enlightens tourism scholars on the structure of the field.
Study on optimum concrete cover thickness in RC beam and columns under high temperature
Authors: Vishal M. , Satyanarayanan K.S. 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThis study delineates the effect of cover thickness on reinforced concrete (RC) columns and beams under an elevated fire scenario. Columns and beams are important load-carrying structural members of buildings. Under all circumstances, the columns and beams were set to be free from damage to avoid structural failure. Under the high-temperature scenario, the RC element may fail because of the material deterioration that occurs owing to the thermal effect. This study attempts to determine the optimum cover thickness for beams and columns under extreme loads and fire conditions.Design/methodology/approachCover thicknesses of 30, 40, 45, 50, 60 and 70 mm for the columns and 10, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60 and 70 mm for the beams were adopted in this study. Both steady-state and transient-state conditions under thermomechanical analysis were performed using the finite element method to determine the heat transfer through the RC section and to determine the effect of thermal stresses.FindingsThe results show that the RC elements have a greater influence on the additional cover thickness at extreme temperatures and higher load ratios than at the service stages. The safe limits of the structural members were obtained under the combined effects of elevated temperatures and structural loads. The results also indicate that the compression members have a better thermal performance than the flexural members.Research limitations/implicationsNumerical investigations concerning the high-temperature behavior of structural elements are useful. The lack of an experimental setup encourages researchers to perform numerical investigations. In this study, the finite element models were validated with existing finite element models and experimental results.Practical implicationsThe obtained safe limit for the structural members could help to understand their resistance to fire in a real-time scenario. From the safe limit, a suitable design can be preferred while designing the structural members. This could probably save the structure from collapse.Originality/valueThere is a lack of both numerical and experimental research works. In numerical modeling, the research works found in the literature had difficulties in developing a numerical model that satisfactorily represents the structural members under fire, not being able to adequately understand their behavior at high temperatures. None of them considered the influence of the cover thickness under extreme fire and loading conditions. In this paper, this influence was evaluated and discussed.
Can body mass and skull morphology predict seed and fruit ingestion potential for mammal species? A test using extant species and its application to extinct species
Authors: Sivault Elise , McConkey Kim R. , Bretagnolle François , Sengupta Asmita , Lambert Joanna E. , Heymann Eckhard W. , Herrel Anthony , Forget Pierre‐Michel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Larger animals are assumed to ingest larger seeds and consume larger fruits, but empirical studies reveal inconsistent trends between body mass and the average size of fruits and seeds ingested. Furthermore, no studies have explored seed size relationships with morphological traits, such as skull dimensions. Such characteristics might provide more reliable estimates of ingestion ability and allow for accurate predictions of seed dispersal capacity in species for which we lack empirical data, especially extinct species. To determine whether (i) mammalian skull dimensions are better predictors of the maximum size of ingested seeds and fruits, compared to body mass and (ii) body mass are the better predictors of mean fruit and seed sizes, we studied these relationships across three mammalian orders: Chiroptera, Primates and Carnivora.

We collected novel data on skull dimensions and collated available data on body mass and maximum and mean sizes of ingested fruits and seeds for mammals (N = 100) across the Neotropics, Asia, Africa and Madagascar. We explored the relationships between anatomical traits and fruit and seed sizes of extant species and made predictions for five extinct species.

Our results revealed that body mass and skull dimensions are essential determinants of ingested fruit and seed size in mammals. The latter traits can generate predictions for extinct species, especially coronoid height and maximum jaw gape. Nevertheless, body mass predicted larger ingested fruits and seeds than skull dimensions and explained a greater part of the variance for both maximum and mean sizes in our dataset.

Our results show how body mass and cranial anatomy constrain seed size and reinforce the importance of maintaining functional diversity in seed dispersers to maintain tropical forest structure. We also show that scientists can use morphological characteristics to predict the seed dispersal potential of extinct mammals allowing better inferences on past and future consequences of frugivore extinctions within tropical forests.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
COVID‐19 and Long‐Term Economic Growth
Authors: Hao Jinji , Gregg Harry , Yao Yao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the long‐term economic growth of South Africa. We embed an epidemiological model in a modified Solow–Swan model and explore various channels such as morbidity, mortality, unemployment, loss of school days and capital accumulation. We demonstrate that COVID‐19 will lower the average annual growth rate of GDP per capita of South Africa by 0.07 percentage points in the next four decades, a 25 per cent decline relative to the no‐COVID benchmark. We show that human capital losses due to school closures account for more than half of the economic slowdown.
Digital community assets: Investigating the impact of online engagement with arts and peer support groups on mental health during COVID‐19
Authors: Tucker Ian , Easton Katherine , Prestwood Rebecca 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe digitisation of mental health support has accelerated since the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study investigated the impact of digital engagement with community assets on mental health during COVID‐19. Digital engagement is typically not location‐bound, but the restricted movement enforced during ‘lockdowns’ meant that people were primarily accessing digital community assets from their home environments. We report findings from a study utilising two creative workshops and semi‐structured interviews to investigate how support operates in and through three digital community assets; an online peer support forum, a social enterprise running regular creative challenges nationally via social media and a local in‐person creative arts support group. The concept of ‘more or less digital’ captures the ways that people’s experiences of digital community assets extend beyond the platforms to incorporate settings of use. The analysis identifies how support is diluted through digital engagement, the value of minimal and muted forms of engagement and user‐led designs for future hybrid forms of support. The article concludes by emphasising the importance of analysing digital community asset engagement in the settings of use and how such knowledge is vital for planning support in a future under continual pressure to be increasingly digital.