bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ways of thinking in STEM-based problem solving
Authors: English Lyn D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article proposes an interconnected framework, Ways of thinking in STEM-based Problem Solving, which addresses cognitive processes that facilitate learning, problem solving, and interdisciplinary concept development. The framework comprises critical thinking, incorporating critical mathematical modelling and philosophical inquiry, systems thinking, and design-based thinking, which collectively contribute to adaptive and innovative thinking. It is argued that the pinnacle of this framework is learning innovation, involving the generation of powerful disciplinary knowledge and thinking processes that can be applied to subsequent problem challenges. Consideration is first given to STEM-based problem solving with a focus on mathematics. Mathematical and STEM-based problems are viewed here as goal-directed, multifaceted experiences that (1) demand core, facilitative ways of thinking, (2) require the development of productive and adaptive ways to navigate complexity, (3) enable multiple approaches and practices, (4) recruit interdisciplinary solution processes, and (5) facilitate the growth of learning innovation. The nature, role, and contributions of each way of thinking in STEM-based problem solving and learning are then explored, with their interactions highlighted. Examples from classroom-based research are presented, together with teaching implications.
Detection of Helicobacter Pylori in Nasal Polyps: An Epidemiological Study
Authors: Zika Giolanta , Fousekis Fotios S. , Exarchakos Georgios , Baltayiannis Gerasimos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany studies have described the detection of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in the nasal polyps; however, although gastroesophageal reflux has been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps development, the role of HP remains unclear. Our aim was to describe the prevalence of HP detection in nasal polyps and its association with gastric HP infection and gastroesophageal reflux dsease (GERD). The prospective study involved 36 patients with nasal polyps, who underwent to endoscopic surgery removal of nasal polyps. Before surgical procedure all patients were tested for gastric HP infection by 13 C-urea breath test, while tissue samples from nasal polyps were tested for HP detection, using rapid urease test (CLO test) and histological examination with Giemsa stain. All patients were asked about GERD-related symptoms. HP in nasal polyps was detected in 9 out of 36 patients (25%) using histological examination with Giemsa stain, while the detection rate of HP was 30.5% (11/36) using CLO test. Furthermore, 28 out of 36 patients (77.7%) had gastric HP infection. All patients with HP colonization in nasal polyps had gastric HP infection and all patients with HP in nasal polyps reported symptoms related to GERD. HP was detected in approximately one out of three patients in nasal polyps, while all patients with HP detection in nasal polyps had concurrently gastric HP infection and reported GERD-related symptoms, suggesting a gastro-nasal route of HP.
Health Challenges in Everyday Life of Nigerians in Guangzhou City, China
Authors: Adebayo Kudus Oluwatoyin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe presence of Africans in Chinese cities has made their healthcare-related issues an expanding area of interest. However, previous studies have not thoroughly explored how Africans live through health problems. This article explores the taken for granted aspect using the analytical frameworks of migration as a social determinant of health and phenomenological sociology. Based on interviews with 37 Nigerians in Guangzhou city, it describes how health and illnesses are lived and the ways that language barrier, cost of health care, immigration status and racism and discrimination intertwine with quotidian occurrences to shape the experiences of health challenges. Migrant networks and community structure provided critical assistance, but the context of labour circumstances and undocumentedness can overstretch these critical sources of support. The article exposes how the broader context of being and living in China determine how Africans experience health challenges in Chinese cities.
Children’s Lived Experiences of Wellbeing at School in England: a Phenomenological Inquiry
Authors: Clarke Tania , Platt Ruth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis phenomenological inquiry investigated children’s wellbeing experiences at school, including their hedonic (feelinggood) and eudaimonic (doinggood) accounts, a distinction often overlooked. Further, while phenomenological inquiries of children’s mental ill-health exist, wellbeing, a fundamental part of mental health, is neglected. This is at odds with positive psychology which favours strengths-based approaches to studying human development. Phenomenology provides rich detail, facilitating deeper understanding ofwhyandhowcertain factors affect wellbeing, as described by children themselves. A sample of 15 children (aged 9–11), attending one English primary school broadly representative of the national socio-demographic, engaged in interviews. Children’s experiences of ‘feeling good’ at school were characterised by: an interdependence on peers’ emotional states (described as ‘a domino effect’), a need to feel cared for by, and trust, adults, and desire for autonomy over their time. Children attributed mistrust in adults to adults disregarding seemingly incidental events which felt significant to children. Children experienced ‘doing well’ as equating to academic attainment, conveying a fixation with test scores, using language of ‘correctness’ and efficiency. Shame pervaded when ‘correctness’ was not achieved, with children describing being ridiculed for poor test scores. Recommendations for schools to support children’s hedonia include prioritising wellbeing curricula and emotional literacy, greater staff reflexivity, and prioritisation of pupil voice. To foster children’s eudaimonia, recommendations include the need for teachers to provide formative, personalised feedback for pupils focused on the learning process, and the need for Government to embrace a range of ways pupils can feel successful beyond academic attainment.
Automated Multilingual Detection of Pro-Kremlin Propaganda in Newspapers and Telegram Posts
Authors: Solopova Veronika , Popescu Oana-Iuliana , Benzmüller Christoph , Landgraf Tim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe full-scale conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine generated an unprecedented amount of news articles and social media data reflecting opposing ideologies and narratives. These polarized campaigns have led to mutual accusations of misinformation and fake news, shaping an atmosphere of confusion and mistrust for readers worldwide. This study analyses how the media affected and mirrored public opinion during the first month of the war using news articles and Telegram news channels in Ukrainian, Russian, Romanian, French and English. We propose and compare two methods of multilingual automated pro-Kremlin propaganda identification, based on Transformers and linguistic features. We analyse the advantages and disadvantages of both methods, their adaptability to new genres and languages, and ethical considerations of their usage for content moderation. With this work, we aim to lay the foundation for further development of moderation tools tailored to the current conflict.
Fresh evidence on the relationship between years of experience and teaching quality
Authors: Gore Jennifer , Rosser Brooke , Jaremus Felicia , Miller Andrew , Harris Jess 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is commonly assumed that experienced teachers are more proficient than beginners. However, evidence supporting this premise is complicated by diverging research traditions and mixed results. We explore the fundamental relationship between years of experience and teaching quality using a comprehensive pedagogical model. Our analysis of 990 lessons, taught by 512 primary teachers in New South Wales during 2014–15 and 2019–21, found no significant differences in pedagogy across the experience range (< 1–24 + years). We canvass two possible explanations: that initial teacher education (ITE) performs better than is typically assumed; and/or that experience, including ongoing participation in many forms of professional development (PD), has minimal impact on pedagogical quality. The important lesson from this study, however, is that the continual positioning of beginning teachers and ITE as deficient is unwarranted and, instead, we should focus on providing teachers with access to high-impact PD throughout their careers.
Separation of bioethanol using in situ composite membrane of bacterial cellulose/poly (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) (AMPS) and their characterization
Authors: Mansy A. E. , El Desouky E. A. , Saleh Ahmed K. , Abu-Saied M. A. , Taha Tarek H. , El-Zawawy Waleed K. , Abdel-Fattah Yasser R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the current study, bioethanol has been purified and separated from the culture broth using in situ modified bacterial cellulose (BC) membrane with AMPS. To our knowledge, this is the first report for development of BC composite membrane for bioethanol separation from production media. The characterization of the prepared membrane was investigated for morphology and functional groups via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, in addition to the determination of their water and ethanol uptake. The obtained data proved the formation of cellulose multilayers in addition to the existence of its specific function groups. The Amicon cell pervaporation system containing the prepared BC/AMPS membrane has been used for the separation of the bioethanol from the culture broth using nitrogen gas pressure, and the results revealed that the BC/AMPS composite membrane is more efficient than the neat BC membrane in the separation process of bioethanol. At 50-psi nitrogen pressure, the best separation factor and flux were recorded as 15.43 and 98.94 g/m2.h, respectively, which were accompanied by the elevation of the bioethanol concentration from 1.98 to 3.22 mg/ml before and after separation, respectively. These findings revealed the promising application of BC/AMPS membrane in the field of bioenergy especially the bioethanol separation.
Dissociative experiences of compartmentalization are associated with food addiction symptoms: results from a cross‐sectional report
Authors: Carbone Giuseppe Alessio , De Rossi Elena , Prevete Elisabeth , Tarsitani Lorenzo , Corazza Ornella , Massullo Chiara , Farina Benedetto , Pasquini Massimo , Taddei Ines , Biondi Massimo , Imperatori Claudio , Bersani Francesco Saverio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Studies have shown significant associations of dissociative symptoms with both eating and addictive disorders; however, the different forms of dissociation have been relatively understudied in relation to food addiction (FA). The main aim of this study was to investigate the association of certain forms of dissociative experiences (i.e., absorption, detachment and compartmentalization) with FA symptoms in a nonclinical sample.

Methods
Participants (N = 755; 543 women; age range: 18–65; mean age: 28.22 ± 9.99 years) were evaluated using self‐report measures of FA, dissociation, eating disturbances, and general psychopathology.

Results
Compartmentalization experiences (defined as pathological over-segregation of higher mental functions) were independently associated with FA symptoms (β = 0.174; p = 0.013; CI = [0.008; 0.064]) even when confounding factors were controlled for.

Conclusion
This finding suggests that compartmentalization symptoms can have a role in the conceptualization of FA, with such two phenomena possibly sharing common pathogenic processes.
Level of evidence: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Agent-based modeling of mass shooting case with the counterforce of policemen
Authors: Lu Peng , Li Yan , Wen Feier , Chen Dianhan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMass shooting cases have caused large casualties worldwide. The counterforce, such as the policemen, is of great significance to reducing casualties, which is the core issue of social safety governance. Therefore, we model both the killing force and counterforce, to explore the crowd dynamics under the shooting. Taking the “Borderline” shooting in 2018 as the target case, the agent-based modeling is applied to back-calculate this dynamic process and explore key behavior rules of individuals. The real death tolls of three classes of agents (civilians, policemen, & killers) are as the real function, based on which we calculate the gaps between real target case and simulations. Eventually, we obtain three optimal solutions, which achieve the least gap or highest matching degree. Besides, we make counterfactual inferences under the optimal solutions, to explore the strategic interactions between policemen and killers. For strategies of killers, we explore different sizes, positions, and moving patterns of the killers. The optimal size of policemen is four to five, for each one killer. For strategies of policemen, we explore the size, locations, and the response time. It indicates that optimal response time of policemen is thirty to forty shots of the killer, and the death of civilians and policemen can be minimized, and the death probability of the killer can be maximized. These findings help to improve public safety governance for our cities. To effectively deal with sudden shooting terrorist cases, patrol routes, reasonable settings, and swift dispatches of the police (stations) should be considered.
Non-Fourier heat transport in nanosystems
Authors: Benenti Giuliano , Donadio Davide , Lepri Stefano , Livi Roberto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnergy transfer in small nano-sized systems can be very different from that in their macroscopic counterparts due to reduced dimensionality, interaction with surfaces, disorder, and large fluctuations. Those ingredients may induce non-diffusive heat transfer that requires to be taken into account on small scales. We provide an overview of the recent advances in this field from the points of view of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and atomistic simulations. We summarize the underlying basic properties leading to violations of the standard diffusive picture of heat transport and its universal features, with some historical perspective. We complete this scenario by illustrating also the effects of long-range interaction and integrability on non-diffusive transport. Then we discuss how all of these features can be exploited for thermal management, rectification and to improve the efficiency of energy conversion. We conclude with a review on recent achievements in atomistic simulations of anomalous heat transport in single polymers, nanotubes and two-dimensional materials. A short account of the existing experimental literature is also given.
Determinants of financial resilience: insights from an emerging economy
Authors: Hamid Fazelina Sahul , Loke Yiing Jia , Chin Phaik Nie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Financial Literacy Survey of 2018 response is used to study the impact of financial knowledge, financial inclusion, and socio-demographic characteristics on financial resilience. The measurement of financial resilience considers elements related to keeping control of money, taking care of expenditures, having a financial cushion, handling financial shortfall or stress, and having financial planning. Using a sample of 3395 individuals across Malaysia, we find that greater financial knowledge is associated with the probability of being financially resilient. Greater financial inclusion in terms of having more bank accounts and holding more financial products is linked to the probability of being financially resilient. We also find that financial resilience varies across certain socio-demographic characteristics. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Real World Evidence (RWE) in der Phytotherapie
Authors: Habs Michael , Dingermann Theodor , Bachmeier Beatrice E. , Eskofier Björn , Friedrich Benjamin , Prantl Lukas , Emmer Jens , Langhorst Jost , Dreischulte Tobias , Koller Michael 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Real World Evidence (RWE) gewinnt in der Bewertung medizinischer Maßnahmen zunehmend an Bedeutung und ergänzt Befunde von kontrollierten klinischen Studien. Gleichzeitig sieht sich der RWE-Ansatz erheblichen methodischen und ethischen Herausforderungen gegenüber. Phytopharmaka haben ihren Platz in der Therapie durch Heilberufe und in der Selbstmedikation bei leichteren Beschwerden sowie Symptomen, die nachhaltig die Lebensqualität beeinflussen. Die aktuell geforderten Schlüsselstudien für die Arzneimittelzulassung bilden die Folgen einer ärztlichen Verordnung und/oder der Selbstmedikation jedoch nur unzureichend ab. Im Rahmen eines Workshops werden daher die Nutzbarkeit von RWE für die Forschung im Bereich Phytopharmaka sowie methodische Grundlagen zum Aufbau eines Phytoregisters diskutiert.

Methoden
Der Workshop bestand aus 2 Teilen: Impulsreferate zu den Themen RWE und Phytotherapie und die Erarbeitung der Basis eines Positionspapiers mithilfe der Methodik des nominalen Gruppenprozesses.

Ergebnisse
Die Impulsreferate umfassten interdisziplinäre Argumente aus den Bereichen Forschung und Praxis der Phytotherapie, Registererstellung, Versorgungsforschung, künstliche Intelligenz und Telemedizin. Im nominalen Gruppenprozess wurden die Chancen und Risiken der Phytotherapie sowie inhaltliche, methodische und praktische Aspekte eines Phytoregisters diskutiert (Fokus, Mehrwert und methodische Standards des Registers, Finanzierung, erwartete Kritik, Analysemethoden und Stellenwert im Vergleich zu anderen medizinischen Bereichen).

Schlussfolgerungen
Register sind ein zunehmend akzeptierter Weg, um Evidenz in Ergänzung zu klinischen Studien zu generieren. Der schrittweise Aufbau eines Registers für Phytopharmaka mit klar definierten methodischen Kriterien und der Erfassung von patientenzentrierten Endpunkten bietet die Chance, die wissenschaftliche Fundierung der Anwendung und des klinischen Nutzens von Phytopharmaka zu erweitern.
Politeness, Civility, and Violence on the New South Wales “Frontier,” 1788–1816
Authors: Carr Rosi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInterrogating the relationship between politeness and violence in Warrane/Sydney, 1788–ca. 1816, this article investigates the impact of Enlightenment thought in the transoceanic British colonial world. The author argues that polite sociability was crucial to the imposition and self-justification of the British occupation of Eora country. Principally examining the published and personal journals and diaries of First Fleet officers, the author reveals how politeness was a display of European notions of civility understood within a stadial model of progress: Enlightenment ideology enabled the ruling naval elite to consider their invasion friendly, despite the lethal violence of colonial occupation. Foregrounding the construction and performance of a status-specific whiteness in colonial space, the author shows how politeness in the colonial context justified rather than mitigated violence. In so doing, they hope to destabilize our understanding of the Scottish Enlightenment, politeness, and violence. In what is primarily a study of Enlightenment and settler colonialism, Indigenous perspectives provide a crucial framework to comprehend the British naval elites’ commitment to the imposition of civility by force in Warrane/Sydney.
The impact of direct to consumer shipping laws on the number and size distribution of U.S. wineries
Authors: Pesavento Matthew T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe changing legislative landscape of the U.S. wine market provides a scenario to examine the effect of regulation on the size distribution of firms. Using the variation across states and time in the sum of in-state and out-of-state adult populations between 2002–2017, and a difference in difference-style empirical model, I examine how restrictions on Direct to Consumer (DTC) sales impact the number of establishments and the employment at wineries. I find that the expansion of the potential wine market by 10 M adults caused about a 3.5% increase in the number of wineries. While reduced DTC restrictions explain growth in the number of wineries, I find no effect of lessened restrictions on the number of winery employees, though there is evidence of a lagged effect. Additionally, I find that the growth of smaller wineries substantially outpaces that of larger wineries when regulations are lessened. These results suggest that regulatory barriers in particular industries may allow states to maintain an artificial size distribution.
FIRST RADIOCARBON DATING OF NEOLITHIC STONE CIST GRAVES FROM THE AOSTA VALLEY (ITALY): INSIGHTS INTO THE CHRONOLOGY AND BURIAL RITES OF THE WESTERN ALPINE REGION
Authors: Steuri Noah , Milella Marco , Martinet Francesca , Raiteri Luca , Szidat Sönke , Lösch Sandra , Hafner Albert 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTPrevious research on the Neolithic cist graves of the Western Alpine region—also known under the term Chamblandes type graves—mostly focused on sites located in western Switzerland and eastern France. For the adjacent Aosta Valley (Italy), only a little information is available. Within the framework of our research project, it was possible to identify about 120 stone cist graves from 10 sites in the Aosta Valley. Due to the lack of distinctive grave goods and missing absolute dating, however, their chronological position has been unclear until now. Here we present the first extensive series of radiocarbon dates from Neolithic stone cist graves of the Aosta Valley. We analyzed 31 human bone samples from four sites, and most dates indicate an unexpected early chronological position around the first half of the 5th millennium BCE, in particular, the site of Villeneuve, dating to 4800–4550 cal BCE. This identifies these burials from the Aosta Valley as belonging to the oldest known Neolithic cist graves of the Western Alpine region discovered so far. Altogether, our study provides new evidence allowing the first time to clarify the chronology of these sites and trace the evolution of this burial practice in the Western Alps.
Impinging jets in cross-flow
Authors: Knowles K. , Bray D. , Bailey P. J. , Curtis P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe flow-fields associated with single and twin jets impinging in cross-flows have been studied. Parameters which affect the position of the ground vortex have been investigated: cross-flow-to-nozzle velocity ratio, cross-flow boundary layer thickness, nozzle height, nozzle pressure ratio, vector angle and nozzle splay with both fixed and moving ground planes. Results show that the ground vortex moves away from the nozzle centre-line as the ratio of cross-flow velocity to nozzle exit velocity is decreased; the rate of change of position, however, depends on other parameters (including the precise definition of nozzle exit velocity). Increasing nozzle height above the ground appears to cause little consistent variation in vortex position for a single jet but a marked forward movement of ground sheet separation point in the case of twin jets. For all cases there is an increase in penetration with increasing nozzle pressure ratio up to choking, with the subsequent behaviour dependent on the definition of nozzle equivalent velocity and cross-flow velocity ratio. The effect of the moving ground plane is to reduce vortex penetration significantly; this suggests that a moving ground plane simulation (or moving model) is essential when testing design configurations in ground effect in wind-tunnels. It is also shown that rig design can produce a blockage effect which moves the ground vortex significantly and can change other apparent parametric effects. Self-similarity laws are proposed for the ground vortex and the wall jet.