bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flight performance of the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) is negatively afected by 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' infection
Authors: Antolínez Carlos Andres , Youngblood Rachel , Kenney Jaimie , Gebiola Marco , Mauck Kerry , Rivera Monique 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Understanding vector dispersal capacity is key to assessing the risk of spread of vector borne pathogens. For flying vectors, flight performance is associated with primary and secondary pathogen spread. However, because pathogens induce changes in vector physiology, pathogen status in the vector may impact vector dispersal. In this work, by using flight mills, we assessed the flight performance of Bactericera cockerellithat were infected or not by the plant pathogenic bacterium ‘CandidatusLiberibacter solanacearum’ (CLso), the causal agent of potato zebra chip disease and vein greening in tomato. Bactericera cockerelliperformed short and long-distance flights, but CLso infection status affected the propensity to engage in long flights. CLso-free insects engaged in long flights significantly more often (57%) compared to CLso infected insects (25%). Average distance dispersed for long flyers was 185.33 m for CLso-free insects and 122.99 m for insects infected with CLso. However, distance dispersed was not statistically different by pathogen status of the vector. Maximal flight capacity recorded was 980 m. Overall, our data suggest that CLso reduces the propensity to engage in long distance flights. Our results can be utilized to fine-tune strategies to mitigate CLso establishment in new areas.
The predicted value of EEG reactivity with impaired consciousness patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Zhizheng , Zhou Xinhui , Tong Zhigao , Chen Kang , Chen Yun , Liu Zheng , Lu Guohui , Yang Xuanyong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Identifying the prognosis of coma patients remains challenging. Electroencephalograph (EEG) has emerged as a diagnostic tool of choice to detect the good or bad outcomes of coma patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic value for the prediction of good outcomes after coma and compared it to the prognostic value of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score.
Methods
The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Ovid databases were searched in April 2022. The strategy complied with the PRISMA guidelines.
Results
12 clinical studies were included in the meta-analysis. In the overall analyses, the areas under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.86 for EEG-R and 0.77 for GCS score, respectively. EEG reactivity (EEG-R) had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 82%. The GCS score showed poor diagnostic accuracy, with a specificity of 69% and a sensitivity of 73%. In subgroup analyses, we found no difference in diagnostic accuracy between prognostic assessment criteria, or type of illness.
Conclusions
This analysis demonstrated that patients with impaired consciousness featuring a reactive EEG are more likely to have favorable outcomes.
Emission of Carbon Dioxide (Co2) in Ghana: A Comparative Analysis on Consumption of Energy by the four major sectors (2000-2018)
Authors: Agyemang Richard , Wuni Ibrahim Yahaya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Due to their notably high levels of pollutant emissions, Ghana's transportation, industry, residential, and agricultural sectors have come under the focus due to contemporary archival rises in energy-related CO2 emissions worldwide. Taking inspiration from this, this article explores the factors that cause Ghana's carbon dioxide emissions by analyzing the energy use in the industrial, agricultural, residential, and transportation sectors. As a statistical tool, the regression model is used in this study to explore the relationships between the carbon dioxide emissions and the four major sectors of energy usage in Ghana. To pinpoint the factors influencing resource use or emission, a decomposition model was used. According to the report, the transport industry produces more carbon dioxide emissions than any other sector (almost 78 percent). This was greatly influenced by economic prosperity and population growth. However, the expansion of domestic material consumption was significantly slowed by technical development (DMC). In comparison to wealth, population played a relatively less but still substantial part in the drivers of DMC growth, underscoring the significant resource consumption brought on by urban sprawl. This paper presents strategic recommendations for Ghana and other comparable economies that reproduce indistinguishable condition in the transportation, agricultural, residential, and industrial sectors.
Eyes from Type 1 diabetes patients are associated with higher post-operative complications rates than those from Type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Cunha Mariana , Elhaddad Omar , Avadhanam Venkata , Tole Derek , Darcy Kieren , Levinger Eliya , Tuuminen Raimo , Achiron Asaf 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjective To assess the effect of the type of diabetes on the formation of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) and posterior capsular opacification (PCO) following cataract surgery. Methods Cohort study of patients who underwent cataract extraction at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bristol Eye Hospital, Bristol, UK, between 2003 and 2017. The rate of PCME and Nd:YAG laser capsulotomies following cataract surgery were assessed and compared between non-diabetic, type 1 (DM1) and type 2 diabetes (DM2) patients. Multivariate Cox regression controlling for age and gender was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for Nd:YAG laser capsulotomies. Results Included were 53,471 consecutive cataract surgeries (21,884 male and 31,587 female patients, with a mean age of 74.4 ± 10.9 years). Overall, 42,651 eyes (79.8%) were non-diabetic, 823 eyes (1.5%) of DM1, and 9997 eyes (18.7%) of DM2 patients. The mean follow-up time was 6.8 ± 4.2 years. PCME was found in 0.9% of non-diabetics, 2.1% of DM1, and 1.6% of DM2 patients (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). In univariate analysis, the eyes of DM1 (P < 0.001) and DM2 (P = 0.003) patients had significantly higher Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy rates than the eyes of non-diabetic patients. In Cox regression analysis adjusted for the patient's age and gender, DM1 (HR 1.692, 95%CI 1.390–2.059, P < 0.001) and DM2 (HR 1.157, 95%CI 1.075–1.244, P < 0.001) remained significantly predictive for higher Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy rates. Conclusions In our large cohort study, DM1 predisposed to high risk for developing PCME and PCO following cataract surgery. These findings could expand our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms, preventive measures and therapeutic targets against late-onset complications.
Accuracy and Reproducibility of CBCT Assessment of Mandibular Changes Before and After Treatment for Class III Growing Patients -An Easy and Quick Way for Evaluation
Authors: Hu XiaoYing , Cheung Gary. Shun. Pan. , Zhang YiYang , Sun RuoNan , Dong FuSheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate accuracy and reproducibility for 3-dimensional(3D)assessment of mandibular changes after treatment for growing patients with Class III malocclusion.
Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed before and after orthodontic treatment. The scans before treatment were obtained under the condition that the patient’s mandibular plane were parallel to floor. Three observers independently constructed 180 3D virtual surface models from CBCT scans of 30 patients in InvivoDental software 5.1.3, reoriented 3D models before treatment to natural head posture. Mandibular voxel-based registration was done using an area encompassing from the internal part of the symphysis to the distal aspect of the first molars at the level of basal bone as a reference. Three observers independently identified 10 landmarks three times in the 3D models of before and after treatment, recorded three-dimensional coordinates of landmarks. The accuracy and reproducibility of the method were analyzed.
Results: The ICCs was > 0.90 for 25 (92.6%) of the intraobserver assessments. The precision of the measurement method was < 0.3 mm in 24 (88.9%) cases. The interobserver reproducibility errors were < 0.3 mm in 21 of the 27 cases.
Conclusions: Overall, the accuracy and reproducibility of 3D-dimensional assessment of mandibular changes for growing patients were excellent.
Orange molasses as a new energy ingredient for feedlot lambs in Brazil
Authors: SANTOS ISABELA JORGE , Junior Paulo César Gonzales Dias , Vicente Ana Carolina Silva , Alves Adrielly Lais , de Assis Rhaissa Garcia , Biava Janaina Socolovski , Nogueira Mateus Vigo Vercesi Almada , Pires Alexandre Vaz , Ferreira Evandro Maia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of orange molasses in replacement of flint corn grain in high-concentrate diets on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE) of feedlot lambs. Thirty male lambs without defined racial pattern (30.3 ± 5.3 kg of initial BW; mean ± SD) were used in a randomized complete block design with 10 blocks and 3 treatments. The treatments were defined by partial replacement of flint corn by orange molasses in the diet with 90% of concentrate and 10% of Cynodon spp hay, as follow: 0OM – control diet without orange molasses; 20OM – 20% of orange molasses replacing flint corn and 40OM – 40% of orange molasses replacing flint corn (DM basis). The experiment lasted 72 days divided into 3 subperiods, with 1subperiod of 16 days and 2 subperiods of 28 days. Animals were weighed after a16-h fast on days 1, 16, 44 and 72 of the experimental periods to determine the ADG and FE. The DMI, ADG and FE showed an interaction between treatments and experimental periods. The DMI in the first period decreased linearly (P < 0.01), in the third period, there was no effect of treatments (P > 0.05) on DMI. The ADG decreased linearly (P < 0.01) in the first period as the orange molasses increased. Otherwise, in the third period, ADG increased linearly (P = 0.05) as flint corn was replacement by orange molasses. The FE showed an interaction between treatment and period (P = 0.09). In the first period had a decreased linear effect, in the third period there was a trend (P = 0.07) of linear increased. There was no difference between the diets regarding the final BW of the lambs. In conclusion, the orange molasses can replace up to 40% of flint corn in diets for feedlot lambs without affecting final BW. However, it is important to consider the adaptation time proved to be very important for better use of orange molasses as a source of energy in diets for lambs.
Factors associated with misdiagnosis of hospitalised patients: A mixed method study in five general hospitals of Central Uganda
Authors: Katongole Simon Peter , Akweongo Patricia , DDMO Robert Anguyo , Kasozi Daniel Evans , Afari Augustine Adoma 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Inpatient misdiagnosis is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, the scope and causes of which are unknown. The purpose of this cross-sectional study, conducted in five hospitals in central Uganda, was to identify the factors associated with inpatient misdiagnosis in general hospitals in central Uganda.Methodology: An explanatory mixed methods cross-sectional study was used. A retrospective review of 2,431 patient records was performed using explicit review methods to determine the extent of patient misdiagnosis and other variables thought to be related to patient misdiagnosis. Any discrepancy between the admission diagnosis made in the emergency room or outpatient clinic and the patient's discharge diagnosis made upon discharge was defined as a misdiagnosis. The diagnoses were classified using the World Health Organization ICD-11. Six clinical staff and six medical staff were interviewed using in-depth interviews (IDIs) in a phenomenological approach to obtain their explanatory account of factors associated with misdiagnosis. A logistic regression and a deductive thematic analysis were carried out on quantitative and qualitative data analyses. The quantitative and qualitative findings of the study were mixed in interpretation.Results:Misdiagnosis was discovered in 223/2431 (9.2%) of the admitted patients' records. Misdiagnosis was associated with the following factors: a patient admitted to Nakaseke hospital [aOR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.17–3.25, p = 0.01], admission at night [aOR = 3, 95% CI = 1.81–5.02, p0.01], male patient [aOR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.35–2.64, p0.01], patient's age groups 10–19 [AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = 2.3-9. Misdiagnosis was also linked to multimorbidity (aOR = 4.71, 95% CI = 1.91–11.65, p0.01) and patients with rare diseases (aOR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.28–5.18, p0.01). Patients with no underlying diseases [aOR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.43–0.91, p = 0.015] and those who were not referred [aOR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.31–0.86, p = 0.011] had a lower risk of misdiagnosis. The quantitative findings of significant (p 0.05) and non-significant patient, contextual, disease, and health system factors associated with misdiagnosis were validated by the qualitative findings.Conclusion: To improve diagnostic accuracy, hospitals should reorganize patient admission processes, provide targeted training, create policies or guidelines targeting risk factors for misdiagnosis, and implement a diagnostic error prevention culture that addresses factors related to misdiagnosis in the respective hospitals oriented.
Transcriptome sequencing and microRNA–mRNA regulatory network construction in the lens from a Na 2 Se0 3 -induced Sprague Dawley rat cataract model
Authors: Fang Rui , Yue Pei-Lin , Li Hai-Long , Ding Xue-Fei , Jia Yu-Xuan , Liu Zhao-Chuan , Zhou Hong-Gang , Song Xu-Dong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
A sight-threatening, cataract is a common degenerative disease of the ocular lens. This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of age-related cataract (ARC) formation and progression.
Methods
cataracts in Sprague Dawley rats were induced by adopting the method that injected selenite subcutaneously in the nape. We performed the high-throughput RNA sequencing technology to identify the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles of the capsular membrane of the lens from Na2Se03-induced and saline-injected Sprague Dawley rats. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were carried out to forecast the regulatory and functional role of mRNAs in cataracts by DAVID and Metascape. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of differentially expressed mRNA(DEmRNAs) was built via the STRING. Target miRNAs of hub genes were predicted by miRBD and TargetScan. Furthermore, differentially expressed miRNA(DEmiRNAs) were selected as hub genes’ targets, validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR), and a DEmiRNA-DEmRNA regulatory network was constructed via Cytoscape.
Result
In total, 329 DEmRNAs including 40 upregulated and 289 downregulated genes were identified. 47 DEmiRNAs including 29 upregulated and 18 downregulated miRNAs were detected. The DEmRNAs are involved in lens development, visual perception, and aging-related biological process. A protein-protein interaction network including 274 node genes was constructed to explore the interactions of DEmRNAs. Furthermore, a DEmiRNA-DEmRNA regulatory network related to cataracts was constructed, including 8 hub DEmRNAs, and 8 key DEmiRNAs which confirming by qRT-PCR analysis.
Conclusion
We identified several differentially expressed genes and established a miRNA-mRNA-regulated network in a Na2Se03-induced Sprague Dawley rat cataract model. These results may provide novel insights into the clinical treatment of cataracts, and the hub DEmRNAs and key DEmiRNAs could be potential therapeutic targets for ARC.
Rheological engineering of perovskite suspension toward high-resolution X-ray flat-panel detector
Authors: Song Zihao , Du Xinyuan , He Xin , Wang Hanqi , Liu Zhiqiang , Wu Haodi , Luo Hongde , Jin Libo , Xu Ling , zheng Zhiping , Niu Guangda , Tang Jiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Solution-processed polycrystalline perovskite film is promising for the next generation X-ray imaging. However, the spatial resolution of current perovskite X-ray panel detectors is far lower than the theoretical limit. Herein we find that the pixel level non-uniformity, also known as fixed pattern noise (FPN), is the chief culprit affecting the signal-to-noise ratio and reducing the resolution of perovskite detectors. We report a synergistic strategy of rheological engineering the perovskite suspensions to achieve X-ray FPDs with pixel-level high uniformity and near-to-limit spatial resolution. Our approach includes the addition of methylammonium iodide and polyacrylonitrile to the perovskite suspension, to synergistically enhance the flowability and particle stability of the oversaturated solution. The obtained suspension perfectly suits for the blade-coating process, avoiding the uneven distribution of solutes and particles within perovskite films. The assembled perovskite panel detector exhibits greatly improved FPN value (1.39%), high sensitivity (6.3×105 μC Gyair-1 cm−2), low detection limit (14.27 nGyair·s-1) as well as good working stability, close to the performance of single crystal detectors. Most importantly, the detector achieves a resolution of 0.51 lp/pix, exceeding all previous perovskite X-ray flat-panel detectors.
Geoinformatics Heat Hazards Threat Based on Local Climate Zone.
Authors: Wibowo Adi , Ramadhan Tristan Dimastyo , Shidiq Iqbal Putut Ash , Ramdani Fatwa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Sumedang Regency has experienced considerable development in recent times. They started by expanding residential areas and toll roads to construct the Jatigede Dam. Changes in land cover may influence the temperature above and around it. This study aims to analyze the spatial pattern of surface temperature in Sumedang Regency between 2007-2022 based on land cover changes regarding the Local Climate Zone and heat hazard threat. The data used are Landsat TM, Landsat OLI/TIRS, and Landsat OLI-2/TIRS-2 images. The data is taken and processed using Google Earth Engine. The results found an increase in LST from 2007 until 2022, with the most significant increase occurring in 2022. This increase is accompanied by changes in land cover in Sumedang Regency. This increase is accompanied by changes in land cover in Sumedang Regency. Land surface temperatures in Sumedang Regency have continued to increase from 2007 until 2022, and based on the observed urban heat signature, the most significant increase in average temperature occurred from 2007 to 2022 (4.68℃). The strong heat stress category can cause dynamic thermal sensation (DTS), a core-to-skin, and an increase in rectal temperature. Extreme heat stress can cause an increase in rectal temperature time gradient, a steep decrease in total net heat loss, and a steep increase in average sweat rate.
Case reports and literature Review: A concern in transplant patients- Extraurogenital infection by Mycoplasma hominis
Authors: Ahamad Afrinash , aguero-rosenfeld Maria , Zervou Fainareti , Tehreem Bushra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mycoplasma hominis, a facultative organism, is a part of the normal flora of the urogenital tract and is rarely reported as a concern in extragenital tract infection. Mycoplasma species are slow-growing organisms and unlike Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, Mycoplasmas lack a peptidoglycan cell wall and require special media for growth, collectively these characteristics present a challenge in diagnostic microbiology to identify M. hominis in clinical specimens. Although previous studies have reported the presence of M. hominis in immunosuppressive patients, the current guidelines for diagnostic laboratories to rule out Mycoplasma species in specimens from transplant patients remain elusive. We present two cases of patients with bilateral lung and heart transplants who developed mycoplasma infection due to M. hominis. Understanding the presence of the organism in the clinical specimen can help in the early detection of the pathogen and will result in optimal clinical outcomes in a susceptible population.
Effect of focused power ultrasound mediated perirenal fat modification on primary hypertension: protocol of a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled study
Authors: Li Menghuan , Shi Jing , Sheng Yanhui , Zhang Yuqing , Wu Tingting , Yang Jiaming , Zhang Kerui , Sun Wei , Kong Xiangqing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Perirenal fat plays a key role in sustaining the pathological high blood pressure. We aim to investigate the efficacy of intervention for perirenal fat mediated by focused power ultrasound (FPU) on primary hypertension.

Methods

A multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled, double blinded trial will be implemented in 200 participants with mild to moderate hypertension. All enrolled participants will be randomly allocated to perirenal fat modification (PFM) intervention using PFU or sham-procedure at a ratio of 1:1, and will be follow up on 24hours, 14days, 30days, and 90days after intervention. The primary endpoint is changes of office systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 30days compared with baseline. The secondary endpoints include the changes of office SBP from baseline to 90days, changes of 24-hours mean SBP from baseline to 30days and 90days, and changes of heart rate from baseline to 30days. Safety endpoint is defined as any severe adverse events related to the intervention.

Discussion

The present study is the first to use noninvasive FPU to intervene in perirenal fat to achieve the goal of reducing blood pressure for patients with essential hypertension. Our study is expected to provide a new treatment strategy to control high blood pressure.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05049096. Registered on September 7, 2021.
Increasing of Amylopectin Starch Content in Tetraploid Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Using CRISPR/Cas9 System
Authors: Ali Nermin Mohamed , Rashed Mohamed Abd-elsalam , Atta Aiman Hanafi , Abd-Elhalim Haytham Mohamed , Ahmed Nouh Eyd , Metry Emad Anis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background The potato tuber starch trait is affected by the composition of amylose and amylopectin. The synthesis of amylose in amyloplasts is catalyzed by granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS). GBSS gene expression was inhibited via CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing in leaves of the Desiree Potato cultivar. Constructs containing the Cas9 gene and sgRNAs targeting the GBSS gene were introduced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation delivery into protoplasts.
Methods and results Outcomes included lines with mutations in all or only some of the homoeoalleles of GBSS genes and lines in which homoeoalleles carried different mutations and multiple alleles that were up to 21 % of regenerated shoots. Mutations were found in one bp from the used guide sequence, verifying the high homology between a guide sequence and a target region near the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) site. DNA delivery into protoplast resulted in mutants with no detectable Cas9 gene. Microscopic evaluation of iodine-stained starch granules was shown to be a sensitive system for qualitative and quantitative examination of amylose formation in starch granules of transgenic potato tubers.
Conclusion This study presented the successful application of CRISPRCas9 to fully knockout a GBSS gene function in a potato tetraploid plant in one round of transfection, without a stable introduction of DNA into the genome. In this study, the region of the GBSS gene was targeted, for driving the guide sequences. all the different experiments yielded high mutation frequencies, in the same order of magnitude, demonstrating the robustness of the CRISPR-Cas9 technique for potato research and breeding. Here, also the use of this new technology was demonstrated to develop a trait of commercial interest, an amylopectin potato starch, with uses in both food and technical applications.