bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Design of Multifunctional Integrated Polymer Semiconductors with Intrinsic Stretchability, High Mobility, and Intense Luminescence
Authors: Chen Jinyang , Zhu Mingliang , Shao Mingchao , Shi Wenkang , Yang Jie , Kuang Junhua , Wang Chengyu , Gao Wenqiang , Zhu Can , Meng Ruifang , Yang Zhao , Shao Zhihao , Zhao Zhiyuan , Guo Yunlong , Liu Yunqi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultifunctional semiconductors integrating unique optical, electrical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics are critical to advanced and emerging manufacturing technologies. However, due to the trade‐off challenges in design principles, fabrication difficulty, defects in existing materials, etc., realizing multiple functions through multistage manufacturing is quite taxing. Here, an effective molecular design strategy is established to prepare a class of multifunctional integrated polymer semiconductors. The pyridal[1,2,3]triazole‐thiophene co‐structured tetrapolymers with full‐backbone coplanarity and considerable inter/intramolecular noncovalent interactions facilitate short‐range order and excellent (re)organization capability of polymer chains, providing stress‐dissipation sites in the film state. The regioregular multicomponent conjugated backbones contribute to dense packing, excellent crystallinity, high crack onset strain over 100%, efficient carrier transport with mobilities exceeding 1 cm2 V−1 s−1, and controllable near‐infrared luminescence. Furthermore, a homologous blending strategy is proposed to further enhance the color‐tunable luminescent properties of polymers while effectively retaining mechanical and electrical properties. The blended system exhibits excellent field‐effect mobility (µ) and quantum yield (Φ), reaching a record Φ · µ of 0.43 cm2 V−1 s−1. Overall, the proposed strategy facilitates a rational design of regioregular semicrystalline intrinsically stretchable polymers with high mobility and color‐tunable intense luminescence, providing unique possibilities for the development of multifunctional integrated semiconductors in organic optoelectronics.
Interface Charge Transfer in MXenes/Graphene Heterostructures for Ultrafast Photonics
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Yingtian , Xu Chongyang , Chen Jiahao , Liu Heng , Zhang He , Jin Liang , Fan Jie , Zou Yonggang , Ma Xiaohui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) transition‐metal carbides, nitrides, and carbocyanides, known as MXenes, have attracted tremendous attention in photonics and electronics because of their promising optical, electrical, and mechanical properties. However, the potential of MXenes‐based heterostructures for ultrafast photonics has not yet been explored. In this study, a Ti3C2Tx/graphene vertical heterostructure (TG‐VHS), an excellent saturable absorber (SA), is successfully used to generate femtosecond laser pulses via passive mode‐locking. The modulation depth of the TG‐VHS is measured to be 28%, which is ≈12.7 and 1.5 times higher than that of Ti3C2Tx MXenes and graphene, respectively. Density functional theory calculations show that various heterostructure systems are formed owing to the presence of various functional groups in Ti3C2Tx, and multiple charge transfers significantly enhance the nonlinear optical characteristics of TG‐VHS. Moreover, utilizing TG‐VHS as the SA, a stable mode‐locked operation with a pulse duration as short as 356 fs at a wavelength of 1559.16 nm is achieved; harmonic mode‐locking with the highest repetition rate of 603.1 MHz is also obtained. This study provides an important strategy for developing VHS SA for ultrafast pulse fiber lasers and opens new perspectives for designing advanced MXenes‐based photonic devices.
Laponite Lights Calcium Flickers by Reprogramming Lysosomes to Steer DC Migration for An Effective Antiviral CD8+ T‐Cell Response
Authors: Li Chenyan , Hou Yangyang , He Minwei , Lv Liping , Zhang Yulong , Sun Sujing , Zhao Yan , Liu Xingzhao , Ma Ping , Wang Xiaohui , Zhou Qianqian , Zhan Linsheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy using dendritic cell (DC)‐based vaccination is an established approach for treating cancer and infectious diseases; however, its efficacy is limited. Therefore, targeting the restricted migratory capacity of the DCs may enhance their therapeutic efficacy. In this study, the effect of laponite (Lap) on DCs, which can be internalized into lysosomes and induce cytoskeletal reorganization via the lysosomal reprogramming–calcium flicker axis, is evaluated, and it is found that Lap dramatically improves the in vivo homing ability of these DCs to lymphoid tissues. In addition, Lap improves antigen cross‐presentation by DCs and increases DC‐T‐cell synapse formation, resulting in enhanced antigen‐specific CD8+ T‐cell activation. Furthermore, a Lap‐modified cocktail (Lap@cytokine cocktail [C‐C]) is constructed based on the gold standard, C‐C, as an adjuvant for DC vaccines. Lap@C‐C‐adjuvanted DCs initiated a robust cytotoxic T‐cell immune response against hepatitis B infection, resulting in > 99.6% clearance of viral DNA and successful hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion. These findings highlight the potential value of Lap as a DC vaccine adjuvant that can regulate DC homing, and provide a basis for the development of effective DC vaccines.
A Redox‐Mediated Iron‐Air Fuel Cell for Sustainable and Scalable Power Generation
Authors: Gao Mengqi , Song Yuxi , Zou Xuan , Salla Manohar , Zhang Hang , Wang Zhiyu , Huang Shiqiang , Wang Qing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPursuing carbon neutrality has invigorated extensive investigations into sustainable and cost‐effective power sources. Iron‐air batteries (IAB) have emerged as a promising option due to their high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, conventional IABs grapple with issues such as electrode passivation, low round‐trip energy efficiency, and parasitic hydrogen evolution. This study introduces a redox‐mediated iron‐air fuel cell (RM‐IAFC) to surmount these limitations. The RM‐IAFC employs a pair of redox mediators, respectively, in anolyte and catholyte tanks, enabling the iron oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction processes to be liberated from the electrodes. This configuration decouples energy storage and power generation, allowing fast refueling and offering operation flexibility and scalability while eliminating the need for expensive catalysts. With these salient features, the RM‐IAFC paves the way for sustainable and scalable power generation, particularly for stationary applications.
On‐farm response of inbred and hybrid rice cultivars to furrow irrigation
Authors: Spencer Gene Dave , Gore Jeff , Mills Brian E. , Gholson Drew M. , Krutz Larry Jason 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlternate wetting and drying (AWD) water management reduces irrigation demand compared to a continuous flood in the drill‐seeded, delayed‐flood rice (Oryza sativa L.) production system, but land preparation is time consuming and labor intensive. This research was conducted to determine whether rice grown in a furrow‐irrigated (ROW), raised seedbed system has similar water requirements and profit expectations to AWD. The effects of growing either inbred or hybrid rice under AWD or furrow irrigation management on water applied, grain yield, and net returns were investigated on paired production fields in the Delta region of Mississippi. For both inbred and hybrid rice lines, water applied averaged 587 and 565 mm, respectively, and did not differ between ROW and AWD production (p > 0.05). Compared to AWD, furrow‐irrigating inbred rice cultivars either maintained or decreased yield 16% (p = 0.0207). Conversely, seeding hybrid rice in ROW systems reduced yield 7% regardless of year (p = 0.0083). For both inbred and hybrid rice cultivars, transitioning from AWD to furrow irrigation decreased the average net returns $9.80 and $124.02 ha−1, respectively, and ranged from +$94.48 to −$281.98 ha−1 over 3 years and three rice prices. Transitioning from AWD to an ROW rice will likely have no effect on freshwater demand but will introduce substantial agronomic and economic risk to the production system.
Investigation of the effects of ternary deep eutectic solvent composition on pretreatment of sorghum stover
Authors: Wang Yunxuan , Ryu Jiae , Kim Kwang Ho , Meng Xianzhi , Pu Yunqiao , Tian Yang , Eudes Aymerick , Leem Gyu , Ragauskas Arthur J. , Yoo Chang Geun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiomass‐derived deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been introduced as promising pretreatment and fractionation solvents because of their mild processing conditions, easy synthesis, and green solvent components from biomass. In recent DES studies, solvent‐based third constituents like water, ethanol, and others improve the processibility of typical binary DESs. However, the impacts of these components are not well understood. Here, two solvent‐based constituents, including water and ethylene glycol, were applied to 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA)‐based DES system for improving the conversion efficiency of cellulose‐rich fraction and the properties of lignin fraction. Chemical composition, enzymatic digestibility, degree of polymerization of cellulose and physicochemical properties of lignin were used to evaluate the impact of each third constituent on biomass processing. Ternary ChCl‐DHBA DESs exhibited better performances in delignification, fermentable sugar production, and preservation of β‐O‐4 ether linkage in lignin compared with binary ChCl‐DHBA DES.
Genome engineering allows selective conversions of terephthalaldehyde to multiple valorized products in bacterial cells
Authors: Dickey Roman M. , Jones Michaela A. , Butler Neil D. , Govil Ishika , Kunjapur Aditya M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeconstruction of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste generates opportunities for valorization to alternative products. We recently designed an enzymatic cascade that could produce terephthalaldehyde (TPAL) from terephthalic acid. Here, we showed that the addition of TPAL to growing cultures of Escherichia coli wild‐type strain MG1655 and an engineered strain for reduced aromatic aldehyde reduction (RARE) strain resulted in substantial reduction. We then investigated if we could mitigate this reduction using multiplex automatable genome engineering (MAGE) to create an E. coli strain with 10 additional knockouts in RARE. Encouragingly, we found this newly engineered strain enabled a 2.5‐fold higher retention of TPAL over RARE after 24 h. We applied this new strain for the production of para‐xylylenediamine (pXYL) and observed a 6.8‐fold increase in pXYL titer compared with RARE. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential of TPAL as a versatile intermediate in microbial biosynthesis of chemicals that derived from waste PET.
Impact of COVID‐19 on occupational injuries and illnesses among nursing care facility workers: Analysis of California workers' compensation data, 2019–2021
Authors: Lee Soo‐Jeong , Yun Younghee , Hwang Jeehyun , Jong Soson 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic greatly affected healthcare workers, both physically and psychologically, by increasing their workload and stress. This may also have increased their risk of occupational injuries. This study analyzed workers' compensation (WC) claims among California nursing care facility workers during 2019–2021, to assess the impact of the pandemic on occupational injury risk.MethodsThis study used data from the California Workers' Compensation Information System. WC claims in prepandemic and pandemic periods were described and compared between nursing care facilities and other settings. Nursing facility cases were described by demographic, job, and injury characteristics.ResultsIn 2019–2021, we identified 41,134 claims as nursing facility cases in California. Annual claims increased by 64.6% from 2019 to 2020 and then decreased in 2021, returning to levels similar to pre‐COVID. In contrast, non‐healthcare settings had decreases in claims during the pandemic. COVID‐related claims accounted for 50.5% of claims in nursing facilities in 2020–2021; this proportion was much higher compared with other healthcare (35.7%) or nonhealthcare settings (14.3%). Non‐COVID claims decreased during the pandemic but mental disorder or stress claims increased in nursing facilities, particularly in 2020 (+42.5%).ConclusionsOur findings show that nursing care facilities were more severely affected by the pandemic than other settings. We did not find evidence of an increased risk of occupational injuries during the pandemic, except for increased claims for stress or mental disorders. Our findings indicate a clear need to address psychological stress and mental health among nursing facility workers during a pandemic.
Abnormal Thalamo–Cortical Interactions in Overlapping Communities of Migraine: An Edge Functional Connectivity Study
Authors: Dai Wei , Qiu Enchao , Lin Xiaoxue , Zhang Shuhua , Zhang Mingjie , Han Xun , Jia Zhihua , Su Hui , Bian Xiangbing , Zang Xiao , Li Meng , Zhang Qingkui , Ran Ye , Gong Zihua , Wang Xiaolin , Wang Rongfei , Tian Lixia , Dong Zhao , Yu Shengyuan 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveMigraine has been demonstrated to exhibit abnormal functional connectivity of large‐scale brain networks, which is closely associated with its pathophysiology and has not yet been explored by edge functional connectivity. We used an edge‐centric approach combined with motif analysis to evaluate higher‐order communication patterns of brain networks in migraine.MethodsWe investigated edge‐centric metrics in 108 interictal migraine patients and 71 healthy controls. We parcellated the brain into networks using independent component analysis. We applied edge graph construction, k‐means clustering, community overlap detection, graph‐theory‐based evaluations, and clinical correlation analysis. We conducted motif analysis to explore the interactions among regions, and a classification model to test the specificity of edge‐centric results.ResultsThe normalized entropy of lateral thalamus was significantly increased in migraine, which was positively correlated with the baseline headache duration, and negatively correlated with headache duration reduction following preventive medications at 3‐month follow‐up. Network‐wise entropy of the sensorimotor network was significantly elevated in migraine. The community similarity between lateral thalamus and postcentral gyrus was enhanced in migraine. Migraine patients showed overrepresented L‐shape and diverse motifs, and underrepresented forked motifs with lateral thalamus serving as the reference node. Furthermore, migraine patients presented with overrepresented L‐shape triads, where the postcentral gyrus shared different edges with the lateral thalamus. The classification model showed that entropy of the lateral thalamus had the highest discriminative power, with an area under the curve of 0.86.InterpretationOur findings indicated an abnormal higher‐order thalamo–cortical communication pattern in migraine patients. The thalamo–cortical–somatosensory disturbance of concerted working may potentially lead to aberrant information flow and deficit pain processing of migraine. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:1168–1181
Enzymatic Oxy‐ and Amino‐Functionalization in Biocatalytic Cascade Synthesis: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Grandi Eleonora , Feyza Özgen Fatma , Schmidt Sandy , Poelarends Gerrit J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiocatalytic cascades are a powerful tool for building complex molecules containing oxygen and nitrogen functionalities. Moreover, the combination of multiple enzymes in one pot offers the possibility to minimize downstream processing and waste production. In this review, we illustrate various recent efforts in the development of multi‐step syntheses involving C−O and C−N bond‐forming enzymes to produce high value‐added compounds, such as pharmaceuticals and polymer precursors. Both in vitro and in vivo examples are discussed, revealing the respective advantages and drawbacks. The use of engineered enzymes to boost the cascades outcome is also addressed and current co‐substrate and cofactor recycling strategies are presented, highlighting the importance of atom economy. Finally, tools to overcome current challenges for multi‐enzymatic oxy‐ and amino‐functionalization reactions are discussed, including flow systems with immobilized biocatalysts and cascades in confined nanomaterials.
Breaking K+ Concentration Limit on Cu Nanoneedles for Acidic Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Multi‐Carbon Products
Authors: Zi Xin , Zhou Yajiao , Zhu Li , Chen Qin , Tan Yao , Wang Xiqing , Sayed Mahmoud , Pensa Evangelina , Geioushy Ramadan A. , Liu Kang , Fu Junwei , Cortés Emiliano , Liu Min 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to multi‐carbon products (C2+) in acidic electrolyte is one of the most advanced routes for tackling our current climate and energy crisis. However, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the poor selectivity towards the valuable C2+ products are the major obstacles for the upscaling of these technologies. High local potassium ions (K+) concentration at the cathode's surface can inhibit proton‐diffusion and accelerate the desirable carbon‐carbon (C−C) coupling process. However, the solubility limit of potassium salts in bulk solution constrains the maximum achievable K+ concentration at the reaction sites and thus the overall acidic CO2RR performance of most electrocatalysts. In this work, we demonstrate that Cu nanoneedles induce ultrahigh local K+ concentrations (4.22 M) – thus breaking the K+ solubility limit (3.5 M) – which enables a highly efficient CO2RR in 3 M KCl at pH=1. As a result, a Faradaic efficiency of 90.69±2.15 % for C2+ (FEC2+) can be achieved at 1400 mA.cm−2, simultaneous with a single pass carbon efficiency (SPCE) of 25.49±0.82 % at a CO2 flow rate of 7 sccm.
Prussian Blue‐Type Sodium‐ion Conducting Solid Electrolytes for All Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Kim Taewon , Hyeok Ahn Sang , Song You‐Yeob , Jin Park Beom , Lee Chanhee , Choi Ahreum , Kim Min‐Ho , Seo Dong‐Hwa , Jung Sung‐Kyun , Lee Hyun‐Wook 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConventional solid electrolyte frameworks typically consist of anions such as sulphur, oxygen, chlorine, and others, leading to inherent limitations in their properties. Despite the emergence of sulphide, oxide, and halide‐based solid electrolytes for all‐solid‐state batteries, their utilization is hampered by issues, including the evolution of H2S gas, the need for expensive elements, and poor contact. Here, we first introduce Prussian Blue analogue (PBA) open‐framework structures as a solid electrolyte that demonstrates appreciable Na+ conductivity (>10−2mS cm−1). We delve into the relationship between Na+ conductivity and the lattice parameter of N‐coordinated transition metal, which is attributed to the reduced interaction between Na+ and the framework, corroborated by the distribution of relaxation times and density functional theory calculations. Among the five PBAs studied, Mn‐PBA have exhibited the highest Na+ conductivity of 9.1×10−2mS cm−1. Feasibility tests have revealed that Mn‐PBA have maintained a cycle retention of 95.1 % after 80cycles at 30 °C and a C‐rate of 0.2C. Our investigation into the underlying mechanisms that play a significant role in governing the conductivity and kinetics of these materials contributes valuable insights for the development of alternative strategies to realize all‐solid‐state batteries.
Histone Deacetylase 3‐Directed PROTACs Have Anti‐inflammatory Potential by Blocking Polarization of M0‐like into M1‐like Macrophages
Authors: Zhao Chunlong , Chen Shipeng , Chen Deng , Río‐Bergé Clàudia , Zhang Jianqiu , Van Der Wouden Petra E. , Daemen Toos , Dekker Frank J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMacrophage polarization plays a crucial role in inflammatory processes. The histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has a deacetylase‐independent function that can activate pro‐inflammatory gene expression in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated M1‐like macrophages and cannot be blocked by traditional small‐molecule HDAC3 inhibitors. Here we employed the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology to target the deacetylase‐independent function of HDAC3. We developed a potent and selective HDAC3‐directed PROTAC, P7, which induces nearly complete HDAC3 degradation at low micromolar concentrations in both THP‐1 cells and human primary macrophages. P7 increases the anti‐inflammatory cytokine secretion in THP‐1‐derived M1‐like macrophages. Importantly, P7 decreases the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in M1‐like macrophages derived from human primary macrophages. This can be explained by the observed inhibition of macrophage polarization from M0‐like into M1‐like macrophage. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the HDAC3‐directed PROTAC P7 has anti‐inflammatory activity and blocks macrophage polarization, demonstrating that this molecular mechanism can be targeted with small molecule therapeutics.
Dual Nickel(II)/Mechanoredox Catalysis: Mechanical‐Force‐Driven Aryl‐Amination Reactions Using Ball Milling and Piezoelectric Materials
Authors: Seo Tamae , Kubota Koji , Ito Hajime 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe combination of a nickel(II) catalyst and a mechanoredox catalyst under ball‐milling conditions promotes mechanical‐force‐driven C−N cross‐coupling reactions. In this nickel(II)/mechanoredox cocatalyst system, the modulation of the oxidation state of the nickel center, induced by piezoelectricity, is used to facilitate a highly efficient aryl‐amination reaction, which is characterized by a broad substrate scope, an inexpensive combination of catalysts (NiBr2 and BaTiO3), short reaction times, and an almost negligible quantity of solvents. Moreover, this reaction can be readily up‐scaled to the multi‐gram scale, and all synthetic operations can be carried out under atmospheric conditions without the need for complicated reaction setups. Furthermore, this force‐induced system is suitable for excitation‐energy‐accepting molecules and poorly soluble polyaromatic substrates that are incompatible with solution‐based nickel(II)/photoredox cocatalysts.
Effect of viscosity on foaming behavior and surface quality of foamed Polyamide 6
Authors: Luo Mei , Liu Bujin , Li Tingyu , Xu Jiangbin , Zhu Nenggui , Zeng Xiangbu , Jiang Tuanhui , He Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough a large body of literature has reported that PA6 modification enhances melt strength and improves foam quality, the relationship between melt viscosity and foaming quality remains ambiguous. This paper aims to select four PA6 with different viscosities to explore the effect of the viscosity of the material on foaming quality. First, the foamed materials of four PA6 were prepared by core‐back injection foaming technology. In addition, the crystallization properties and rheological behavior of four PA6 were systematically studied by rotational rheometer and differential scanning calorimetry. The morphologies of composite foams with different viscosities were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the cell size and cell density of M2400 with low viscosity were 114 μm and 1.87 × 105 cells/cm3, respectively. With the increase of viscosity, the cell size and cell density of M2500I decreased to 98.3 μm and 2.66 × 105 cells/cm3, respectively. However, as the viscosity continues to increase, the cell size increases, and the cell density decreases. The findings indicate that the secret to good foaming is rheological behavior. The lower viscosity is challenging to prevent cell growth and easy to break, while high viscosity causes poor fluidity which deteriorates foaming quality and surface quality. It provides guidance for preparing foaming materials with excellent performance and surface through a modification that enhances melt strength.