bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Hildebrand Solubility Parameter to Identify Ethanol-Free Co-Solvent for Pediatric Formulation
Authors: Laksitorini Marlyn D , Purnomo Hari 
Published: May 2023

Formulation of active pharmaceutical ingredients into liquid dosage form is frequently limited by solubility issues. Ethanol is commonly used as a cosolvent to improve the solubility of drugs. Due to the incomplete expression of ethanol metabolizing enzyme in children under 6 years, several drug authorities such as WHO, EMA, and FDA recommend avoiding the use of ethanol in pediatric formulation whenever possible. In addition to that Muslim consumers are regulated by the halal practice where excessive use of ethanol in pharmaceutical products should be avoided. Thus, it is necessary to explore an alternative co-solvent to reduce the use of ethanol in the pediatric formulation. This study is aimed to identify an alternative co-solvent to ethanol that is safe for the pediatric using Hildebrand Solubility Parameter approach.
In this study, the solubility parameter of the model drug, MH2011, was determined using Hildebrand Solubility Parameter (HSP). The solubility parameter (δ) of MH2011 was determined using two approaches. The first method is by measuring the maximum solubility of the model drugs in the binary mixture of water and 1,4 dioxane. The second approach is by calculating solubility parameters based on Fedor’s group substitution method.
Using binary solvent blend, the MH2011 solubility parameter was identified to be approximately 14.0 (cal/cm3 )½. This value is in agreement with the result of the second approach using Fedor’s Group substitution method which is 14. 4 (cal/cm3) ½. With this data, an alternate co-solvent to substitute ethanol was explored. The studies also suggested that propylene glycol 7% v/v may give solubility power as those of ethanol 7% (v/v). This study suggested that Hildebrand’s Solubility Parameter can be applied to identify an alternate co-solvent to ethanol. This cosolvent is important for the research area where the alcohol-free formulation is preferred such as in halal pharmaceuticals and pediatric liquid formulation.
Clinical and laboratory features and prognostic factors for outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Pokrovskaya A. V. , Samotolkina E. A. , Matosova S. V. , Kireev D. E. , Domonova E. A. , Voznesenskiy S. L. , Ermak T. N. , Samotolkina E. S. , Parkhomenko Yu. G. , Tishkevich O. A. 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To analyze clinical and laboratory features to predict the outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in HIV-infected patients.Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of medical histories of HIV-infected patients with CNS lesions in 2015–2017, and dynamic monitoring of HIV patients with CNS lesions in 2018–2019, who were intensive care unit (ICU) in Infectious Clinical Hospital No. 2 of the Department of Health of Moscow.Results and discussion: A total 196 patients with encephalitis/meningoencephalitis: 124 (63%) patients with detected JCPyV in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — study group (JCPyV+), 72 patients with undetectable JCPyV in CSF — comparison group (JCPyV–). Late terms of hospitalization were noted, mainly in the JCPyV+ group (mean — 58±6 days). The majority of patients had severe immunodeficiency, in the JCPyV+ group the number of patients with CD4<200 cells/μl was significantly higher than in the JCPyV– group (87.8% and 75.8%, p<0.05). Only 22% of patients received antiretroviral therapy (ART) prior to hospitalization. The main clinical manifestations of PML in the study were: paralysis and paresis of the limbs, speech impairment, cognitive disorders in combination with cerebral symptoms in the absence of meningeal signs. In 87.8% patients with positive JCPyV DNA no other pathogens were detected in the CSF; in the patients without PML the detection of infectious agents in the CSF was also rare (14.3%). The disease led to the death for 78% patients in the JCPyV+ group and 72% JCPyV– group, p>0.05. The chance of survival was 2.5 times higher for patients admitted to hospital less than 14 days after deterioration (OR=2.468 [95% CI: 1.244–4.898]). Patients with CD4<200 cells/μL were 5.5 times more chance to die than patients with higher CD4 rates (OR=5.449 [95% CI: 2.388–12.431]). There was no relationship between the concentration of JCPyV DNA and HIV RNA in the CSF and their impact for the disease outcome.Conclusion: Survival prognosis for PML during treatment in ICU was worser for patients hospitalized after 14 days from the onset of symptoms and with CD4<200 cells/μL. Early ART initiation for all HIV-positive individuals significantly reduces the number of opportunistic infections and improve life expectancy.
BUSINESS ANALYTICS: AN EXPLANATORY REPORT ON THE EVOLUTION OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENT AS AN ADVANTAGE IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
Authors: Fontanillas Carlos Navarro , De Souza Ítalo Galdino , Leão Mauricio de Souza , Cosenza Harvey José Santos Ribeiro 
Published: May 2023

Muito se tem falado na utilização de dados no apoio ao processo decisório, este presente artigo tem o intuito de explicar quais são as fases e premissas que uma organização deve observar desde a Inteligência de Negócios clássica baseada em fatos ocorridos no passado ou Business Intelligence (BI) até os recursos mais avançados de Business Analytics (BA) ou Análise de Negócios que possibilite a criação e análise de cenários futuros com o propósito de antecipar acontecimentos, melhorar o processo decisório e por seguinte possibilitar uma gestão mais eficaz. Visa identificar como as empresas podem tirar o máximo dos dados para que os líderes das organizações possam utilizá-los de forma eficaz para a tomada de decisão, evoluindo do BI para o BA com foco no processo decisório. O BA se torna essencial para que o processo de tomada de decisão baseado em dados mitigue o fator “suposição” e impacte diretamente na performance da organização. Quais são os passos e premissas necessárias para evoluir o BI que utiliza análises descritivas e diagnosticas para o BA através de análise preditiva, prescritiva e cognitiva? Pesquisa exploratória, bibliográfica e documental, será baseada em modelos de gestão e governança das organizações empresariais. Demonstrar como as organizações podem evoluir para um patamar que lhes permitam acompanhar, analisar tendências e predições impactando diretamente o processo decisório das organizações. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo oferecer um caminho para evolução do processo de tomada de decisão das organizações baseando-se em dados e mitigando a suposição no processo decisório.
Competitive parity as strategic dimension – little to gain, much to lose
Authors: Richter Barbara , Hanf Jon H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It is essential for firms in the agri-food business to ensure specific product attributes in the long run and to avoid reputational damage. Competitive advantages cannot be achieved with such product attributes; however, they must be ensured to remain competitive in the long run. Searching for literature on competitive parity resulted to be very difficult and literature on competitive parity seems to merely exist in strategic management literature. The question arises as to whether competitive parity is also a strategic dimension to which companies must pay attention in strategic management, especially with regard to the allocation of scarce resources. Since the majority of firms in the agri-food business work together in supply chain networks, another research question arises: is competitive parity also relevant at the network-level? To answer these questions a systematic literature review, which is based on deliberately chosen leading journals in the field of strategic management and chain management, is conducted. Results on the firm-level and the network-level show that there is hardly any literature on competitive parity available. This paper aims to contribute to a better theoretical understanding of competitive parity in strategic management. It develops a theoretical frame of chain management which combines the aspects of competitive parity with those of chain management in the agri-food business. From this, managerial implications for focal firms in the agri-food industry as well as implications for future research in this field should be derived.
Managers’ Use of an Omission Strategy to Perpetrate Fraud and Auditors’ Evaluations of the Resulting Misstatements
Authors: Hamilton Erin L. , Smith Jason L. 
Published: May 2023

SUMMARY
In this article, we provide a practitioner summary of our paper “Error or Fraud? The Effect of Omissions on Management’s Fraud Strategies and Auditors’ Evaluations of Identified Misstatements” (Hamilton and Smith 2021). In that study, we investigated (1) whether managers employ an “omission strategy” to reduce the perceived intentionality of their fraudulent misstatements and (2) whether auditors are prone to believe that such omissions are unintentional. We found that managers choose to perpetrate fraud by omitting transactions from the financial statements and by omitting critical information from supporting documents, rather than using more active forms of fraud (e.g., providing false information). We also found that auditors are less skeptical of misstatements when they involve omission, as opposed to more active forms of misrepresentation. Overall, our study identifies a concerning pattern, wherein the method of fraud chosen by managers—omission—is unlikely to be judged as intentional by auditors.
Asymmetric Disclosure, Noise Trade, and Firm Valuation
Authors: Cianciaruso Davide , Marinovic Iván , Smith Kevin 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTWe study the impact of asymmetric (i.e., conservative or aggressive) disclosure on a firm’s price in the classic setting in which its stock is traded by risk-averse investors and noise or liquidity traders. We show that asymmetric accounting policies alter the relative risk faced by investors when they short versus long, which causes market liquidity to differ for positive versus negative demand shocks. As a result, accounting conservatism raises firms’ valuations and lowers their expected returns. We further demonstrate that the relationship between accounting informativeness and expected returns depends upon the skewness of investors’ prior beliefs. Finally, we find that a firm that can commit to an accounting policy can tailor this policy to benefit from noise trade and foster overvaluation.JEL Classifications: D72; D82; D83; G20; M41.
A Randomized Crossover Trial to Compare Automated Insulin Delivery (the Artificial Pancreas) with Carbohydrate Counting or Simplified Qualitative Meal-Size Estimation in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Haidar Ahmad , Legault Laurent , Raffray Marie , Gouchie-Provencher Nikita , Jafar Adnan , Devaux Marie , Ghanbari Milad , Rabasa-Lhoret Rémi 
Published: May 2023

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Qualitative meal-size estimation has been proposed instead of quantitative carbohydrate (CHO) counting with automated insulin delivery. We aimed to assess the non-inferiority of qualitative meal-size estimation strategy. </p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods: </strong>We did a two-center randomized crossover non-inferiority trial to compare 3 weeks of automated insulin delivery with (i) carbohydrate counting and (ii) qualitative meal-size estimation in adults with type 1 diabetes. Qualitative meal-size estimation categories were low, medium, high, or very high CHO and were defined as <30 g, 30-60 g, 60-90 g, and >90 g of CHO, respectively. Prandial insulin boluses were calculated as the individualized insulin-to-CHO ratios x 15, 35, 65, and 95, respectively. Closed-loop algorithms were otherwise identical in the two arms. The primary outcome was time in range 3.9–10.0 mmol/L, with a pre-defined non-inferiority margin of 4%. </p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> 30 participants completed the study (20 females, age 44 (SD 17) years, A1c 7.4% (0.7%)). The time in 3.9-10.0 mmol/L was 74.1% (10.0%) with carbohydrate counting and 70.5% (11.2%) with qualitative meal-size estimation; mean difference -3.6% (8.3%; non-inferiority p=0.78). Times <3.9 mmol/L and <3.0 mmol/L were low (< 1.6% and < 0.2%) in both two arms. Automated basal insulin delivery was higher in the qualitative meal-size estimation arm (34.6 vs. 32.6 U/day, p=0.003).</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Though the qualitative meal-size estimation method achieved a high time in range and low time in hypoglycemia, non-inferiority was not confirmed. </p>
<p>(Funded by NIH. ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT04031599).</p>
Yon Nasri: Pengusaha Peternakan Sapi dari Jorong Nan II Suku, Kecamatan Salimpaung (2008-2018)
Authors: Yuska Maulana , Salam Abdul 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak

Artikel ini membahas tentang biografi Yon Nasri seorang pengusaha peternakan sapi dari Jorong Nan II Suku Kecamatan Salimpaung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perjalanan karir Yon Nasri sebagai pengusaha peternakan sapi dan dampaknya terhadap perekonomian masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah yang dibagi menjadi empat tahap. Tahap pertama heuristik (mengumpulkan data), tahap kedua kritik sumber (melakukan pengujian terhadap keaslian informasi), tahap ketiga interpretasi (menafsirkan data), dan tahap keempat historiografi (penulisan). Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa perjalanan karir Yon Nasri dimulai dari “pasiduoan” ternak milik orang lain sampai pada akhirnya Yon Nasri berhasil mengembangkan usaha peternakan miliknya. Peternakan Yon Nasri juga memiliki dampak yang baik bagi perekonomian masyarakat sekitar.
Kata Kunci: Biografi, Peternakan, Ternak, Pengusaha
Lassy Dairy Farm: Penghasil Keju Pertama Disumatera
Authors: Malfirah Khadri , Fitrisia Azmi 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak

Lasi Dairy Farm : Penghasil Keju Pertama di Sumatera (2016-2020). Maksud dan tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan industri peternakan sapi yang berdiri dengan segala keunikannya. Dimana peternakan ini satu-satunya peternakan di Sumatera yang menghasilkan keju asli dari sapi perahnya yang dikembangkan oleh anak nagari lasi sendiri. Yang berdiri pada tahun 2016 dengan segala perkembangannya. Dengan demikian Penulis tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah metode penelitian sejarah. Adapun langkah yang peneliti lakukan adalah tahap awal pengumpulkan data-data yang dibutuhkan untuk mengetahui permasalahan ini, kemudian peneliti lakuakan kritik sumber dari data tersebut, setelah itu di analis dan interpretasi setelah itu baru melakukan penulisan atau historiografi. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah perkembangan industri peternakan ini yang cukup pesat. Dengan berbagai strategi yang diterapkan untuk memperkenalkan produksi dari Lassy Dairy Farm. Tetapi dengan perkembangan yang terjadi tentu ada beberapa kendala yang harus dihadapi. Yaitu dari segi tenaga kerja, lalu hijau-hijauan atau rumput untuk makanan sapi. Dan juga dari segi pemasaran dan pakan. Lassy Dairy Farm sendiri juga berdampak pada sosial ekonomi masyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara dan beberapa data yang diperlukan seperti dokumen untuk data tambahan. Wawancara dilakukan dengan pemilik peternakan dilokasi penelitian.

Kata kunci : Industri, Peternakan, Sosial, Ekonomi.
Pengembangan Media Galeri Dokumentasi Peristiwa Sejarah Lokal Kota Padang
Authors: Nugraha Gilang Adi , Yefterson Ridho Bayu 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah guru kesulitan dalam menghubungkan materi sejarah nasional dengan sejarah lokal. Maka dari itu perlu dikembangkan media pembelajaran yang menjadi untuk mengkonkretkan suatu peristiwa yaitu dengan media galeri dokumentasi sejarah lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan penggunaan media galeri dokumentasi peristiwa sejarah lokal di Kota Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (research amd development) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Model ini terdiri dari 5 tahap pengembangan, yaitu yaitu analisis (analysis), perencanaan (design), pengembangan (development), implementasi (implementation), dan evaluasi (evaluation). Dalam penelitian ini, model pengembangan ADDIE direduksi menjadi 3D, artinya penelitian ini hanya sampai pada tahap pengembangan (develop).Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan: Hasil penilaian uji kelayakan dari Ahli Materi dan Ahli media menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kelayakan media galeri dokumentasi berdasarkan validasi ahli materi dengan rata-rata analisis sebesar 4,35 dengan kategori sangat layak, sedangkan validasi dari ahli media awalnya sebesar 3,4 dikategorikan kurang layak dan setelah direvisi diperoleh rata-rata skor sebesar 4,4 dengan kategori sangat layak. Dengan demikian, media galeri dokumentasi sangat layak diuji cobakan kepada siswa untuk melihat kepraktisannya dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pelengkap pembelajaran sejarah Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Pengembangan, Media Galeri Dokumentasi, Sejarah Lokal.
Pemilihan Nagari Batu Kambing Sebagai Tempat Tahanan PRRI
Authors: Wahyudi Fery , Hardi Etmi 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak

Skripsi ini mengkaji tentang Tindak kekerasan terhadap orang-orang yang pro tentara pusat masa PRRI di Nagari Batu Kambing Kabupaten Agam (1958-1961). Permasalahan yang penulis angkat adalah alasan kenapa pemilihan Nagari Batu Kambing sebagai tempat para tahanan ditahan dari berbagai daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan alasan tentara PRRI memilih Nagari Batu Kambing sebagai tempat tahanan PRRI dan untuk menjelaskan tindak kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh tentara PRRI waktu eksekusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri atas empat tahap, yaitu: Tahap pertama, ialah mengumpulkan data dari sumber lisan dan tulisan. Data ini diperoleh melalui wawancara bersama orang-orang yang hidup di zaman itu dan orang-orang yang mengetahui tentang peristiwa PRRI di Nagari Batu Kambing serta buku-buku dan jurnal yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Tahap kedua, ialah kritik sumber baik internal maupun eksternal. Tahap ketiga, ialah analisis dan interpretasi terhadap data. Tahap keempat, ialah mendeskripsikan hasil penelitian dalam bentuk penulisan ilmiah yaitu skripsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan Nagari Batu Kambing sebagai tempat para tahanan karena pada masa PRRI sudah mulai bergejolak diberbagai daerah tentunya ada yang pro terhadap PRRI dan ada yang kontra. Terhadap orang orang yang kontra terhadap tentara PRRI ada beberapa lebih memilih untuk menjadi memata matai terntara PRRI sehingga orang yang mematai tentara PRRI menjadi musuh dari tentara PRRI maka dari itu tentara PRRI menangkap dan mengasingkan orang orang yang pro terhadap tentara pusat di berbagai daerah, salah satunya yaitu Nagari Batu Kambing, alasan dari tentara PRRI memilih Nagari Batu Kambing sebagai tempat pengasingan karena dianggap aman, dan disisi lain tentara PRRI sudah mulai terdesak terhadap gempuran dari tentara pusat. Orang orang yang ditangkap oleh tentara PRRI adalah orang orang yang berhaluan komunis yang mematai matai pergerakan dari tentara PRRI. Berakhirnya PRRI di Nagari Batu Kambing disebabkan oleh sudah diketauinya tempat pengasingan para tahanan oleh tentara pusat sehingga para penjaga tahanan memilih kabur ke hutan hutan.
Kata kunci: PRRI, daerah dan tindak kekerasan
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar E-Book Interaktif Dalam Meningkatan Literasi Membaca Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Maharani Anneya Wulan , Yefterson Ridho Bayu 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar E-Book interaktif sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi membaca siswa menegah atas pada mata pelajaran sejarah. Hal ini berdasarkan temuandan observasi peneliti saat melaksanakan praktek lapangan kependidikan (plk) di SMA Negeri 1 Padang pada semester Januari-Juni 2020. Temuan tersebut menyatakan bahwa dalam memahami dan menganalisa peristiwa sejarah yang mereka pelajari sangat rendah, hal tersebut diakibatkan oleh kurangnya minat baca siswa sehingga dirasa perlu melakukan inovasi bahan ajar yang lebih interaktif berupa E-Book.E-Book mampu mengintegrasikan tayang suara, grafik, gambar, maupun film sehingga informasi yang disajikan lebih kaya dibandingkan dengan buku konfensional. Peneliti mengembangkanE-Book sebagai bahan ajar dengan memasukan materi sejarah sebagai ilmu, peristiwa, kisah, dan seni. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (research and development), dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yaitu analisis (analysis), desain (design), pengembangan (development), implementasi (implement), evaluasi (evaluate). Namun dalam penelitian ini prosedur penelitian dilakukan hanya sampai tahap pengembangan (development). Uji kelayakan bahan ajar e-book dilakukan oleh 3 orang validator ahli bidangnya masing-masing, yakni ahli materi, ahli bahan ajar dan ahli teknologi pembelajaran sejarah. Hasil bahan ajar e-book berdasarkan kelayakan materi yakni kelayakan ahli materi 4.0 dengan katagori sangat layak. Validasi bahan ajar awalnya sebesar 1.73 dikategorikan kurang layak dan setelah direvisi diperoleh rata-rata 3.72 dengan dikategorikan sangat layak. Sedangkan ahli teknologi pembelajaran yakni 3.64 dengan dikategorikan sangat layak. Dengan demikian bahan ajar ebook sangat layak diuji cobakan kepda siswa untuk meliht kepraktisan dan dapat memanfaatkan sebagai pelengkap pembelajarn sejarah peminatan.
KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PEDAGANG DI KAWASAN WISATA PANTAI AIR MANIS KOTA PADANG 2012-2020
Authors: Ardiansyah Afif , Rusdi Rusdi 
Published: May 2023

This research describes the socio-economic life of the food and beverage or culinary merchant community in the tourist area of ​​Air Manis Beach, Air Manis Village, South Padang District, Padang City 2012-2020. The purpose of this research is to reveal and describe the background, socio-economic life, and the role of the government in advancing the business of the merchant community in the tourist area of ​​Air Manis Beach, Padang City. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that uses historical research methods. There are several steps taken in historical research, namely heuristics (collecting data), source criticism (criticizing data sources), interpretation (making interpretations related to historical facts) and historiography (writing history). The results of this study explain that trading business has a major influence on the socio-economic life of the merchant community in Air Manis sub-district. Many people choose to work as traders because it is difficult to find new jobs, the fishing profession is no longer reliable as their main source of income for daily life, economic factors, the benefits of large trading, and the only expertise they have.
Keywords : Socio-Economic, Public, Trader
Analisis Perbedaan Minat Baca Sejarah Indonesia Siswa IPA dan IPS Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Kubung
Authors: Putri Latifa , Basri Wahidul 
Published: May 2023

The research is motivated because is that there are differences in interest in reading Indonesian history between students of class XI science and class XI social studies at SMA Negeri 1 Kubung. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in reading interest in Indonesian history for science and social studies students in class XI of SMA Negeri 1 Kubung. This research is a quantitative research using the Expost Facto research method with a comparative study type. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant difference between the interest in reading Indonesian history of science and social studies students in class XI SMA Negeri 1 Kubung. This can be evidenced from the results of data processing which shows that interest in reading Indonesian history in class XI science is generally in the low category with a percentage of 33%, while interest in reading Indonesian history in class XI social studies is generally in the medium category with a percentage of 27%. It can be concluded that the interest in reading Indonesian history in class XI science is lower than reading interest in Indonesian history in class XI social studies.
Keyword: Reading Interest, Indonesian History