bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The HOPX and BLBP landscape and gliogenic regions in developing human brain
Authors: Holst Camilla Bjørnbak , Brøchner Christian Beltoft , Vitting‐Seerup Kristoffer , Møllgård Kjeld 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOuter radial glial cells (oRGs) give rise to neurons and glial cells and contribute to cell migration and expansion in developing neocortex. HOPX has been described as a marker of oRGs and possible actor in glioblastomas. Recent years' evidence points to spatiotemporal differences in brain development which may have implications for the classification of cell types in the central nervous system and understanding of a range of neurological diseases. Using the Human Embryonic/Fetal Biobank, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, HOPX and BLBP immunoexpression was investigated in developing frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital human neocortex, other cortical areas and brain stem regions to interrogate oRG and HOPX regional heterogeneity. Furthermore, usage of high‐plex spatial profiling (Nanostring GeoMx® DSP) was tested on the same material. HOPX marked oRGs in several human developing brain regions as well as cells in known gliogenic areas but did not completely overlap with BLBP or GFAP. Interestingly, limbic structures (e.g. olfactory bulb, indusium griseum, entorhinal cortex, fimbria) showed more intense HOPX immunoreactivity than adjacent neocortex and in cerebellum and brain stem, HOPX and BLBP seemed to stain different cell populations in cerebellar cortex and corpus pontobulbare. DSP screening of corresponding regions indicated differences in cell type composition, vessel density and presence of apolipoproteins within and across regions and thereby confirming the importance of acknowledging time and place in developmental neuroscience.
Predictive factors for successful external cephalic version with regional anesthesia
Authors: Unno Saori , Ogawa Kohei , Nukariya Akinori , Umehara Nagayoshi , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimWe aimed to investigate predictive factors of successful external cephalic version (ECV) using regional anesthesia.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we included women who underwent ECV at our center from 2010 to 2022. The procedure had been conducted using regional anesthesia and the administration of intravenous ritodrine hydrochloride. The primary outcome was the success of ECV, which was defined as the rotation from a non‐cephalic to a cephalic presentation. Primary exposures were maternal demographic factors and ultrasound findings at ECV. To determine predictive factors, we conducted a logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf 622 pregnant women who underwent ECV, missing data on any variables (n = 14) were excluded and the remaining 608 were analyzed. The success rate during the study period was 76.3%. Multiparous women had significantly higher success rates than primiparous women (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 2.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31–3.25]). Women with a maximum vertical pocket (MVP) of <4 cm had significantly lower success rates than those with 4 cm < MVP ≤6 cm (OR: 0.56 [95% CI: 0.37–0.86]). The non‐anterior placental location was associated with higher success rates than the anterior placental location (OR: 1.46 [95% CI: 1.00–2.17]).ConclusionsMultiparity, MVP >4 cm, and non‐anterior placental locations were associated with successful ECV. These three factors could be useful for patient selection for successful ECV.
Revised classification of the Cyanidiophyceae based on plastid genome data with descriptions of the Cavernulicolales ord. nov. and Galdieriales ord. nov. (Rhodophyta)
Authors: Park Seung In , Cho Chung Hyun , Ciniglia Claudia , Huang Tzu‐Yen , Liu Shao‐Lun , Bustamante Danilo E. , Calderon Martha S. , Mansilla Andres , McDermott Timothy , Andersen Robert A. , Yoon Hwan Su 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Cyanidiophyceae, an extremophilic red algal class, is distributed worldwide in extreme environments. Species grow either in acidic hot environments or in dim light conditions (e.g., “cave Cyanidium”). The taxonomy and classification systems are currently based on morphological, eco‐physiological, and molecular phylogenetic characters; however, previous phylogenetic results showed hidden diversity of the Cyanidiophyceae and suggested a revision of the classification system. To clarify phylogenetic relationships within this red algal class, we employ a phylogenomic approach based on 15 plastomes (10 new) and 15 mitogenomes (seven new). Our phylogenies show consistent relationships among four lineages (Galdieria, “cave Cyanidium”, Cyanidium, and Cyanidioschyzon lineages). Each lineage is distinguished by organellar genome characteristics. The “cave Cyanidium” lineage is a distinct clade that diverged after the Galdieria clade but within a larger monophyletic clade that included the Cyanidium and Cyanidioschyzon lineages. Because the “cave Cyanidium” lineage is a mesophilic lineage that differs substantially from the other three thermoacidophilic lineages, we describe it as a new order (Cavernulicolales). Based on this evidence, we reclassified the Cyanidiophyceae into four orders: Cyanidiales, Cyanidioschyzonales, Cavernulicolales ord. nov., and Galdieriales ord. nov. The genetic distance among these four orders is comparable to, or greater than, the distances found between other red algal orders and subclasses. Three new genera (Cavernulicola, Gronococcus, Sciadococcus), five new species (Galdieria javensis, Galdieria phlegrea, Galdieria yellowstonensis, Gronococcus sybilensis, Sciadococcus taiwanensis), and a new nomenclatural combination (Cavernulicola chilensis) are proposed.
25 years of Flex: Supporting states in maintaining rural access to care
Authors: Martinsen Kristin , Seifert Laura 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Medicare Rural Hospital Flexibility (Flex) Program secured access to care for rural communities, through the creation of the Critical Access Hospital provider type, keeping hospitals open in many communities where they may have otherwise closed. The Health Resources and Services Administration's Federal Office of Rural Health Policy has worked in partnership with hospitals, State Offices of Rural Health, State Flex Program coordinators, researchers, and rural hospital finance and quality experts to direct the Flex Program to ensure rural communities have access to high‐quality care. This article outlines the history of the Flex Program, its program framework and state‐level implementation, and the ways the program aligns with other federal programs with similar goals.
Centralized bargaining with pre‐donation in a vertically related industry
Authors: Saglam Ismail 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the incentives for, and the welfare effects of, pre‐donation in a vertically related industry where two downstream firms that produce a homogenous good jointly bargain, using the generalized Nash rule, with an upstream firm over a linear input price before they engage in Cournot competition. We theoretically show that the downstream industry has no incentive to make any pre‐donation and this is irrespective of its bargaining power and also irrespective of whether it is a monopoly or a symmetric or asymmetric duopoly. Also, irrespective of the said structures of the downstream industry, we show computationally that (i) the upstream firm finds to make unilateral pre‐donation optimal if and only if its bargaining power is sufficiently small and (ii) its optimal pre‐donation (whenever positive) always yields Pareto welfare gains.
Malignant sublingual gland tumors: A single‐center retrospective analysis of 79 patients
Authors: Wu Yifan , Lu Hao , Liu Limin , Zhu Yun , Zhang Xu , Xu Wanlin , Liu Shengwen , Yang Wenjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze and summarize the clinicopathological features, risk factors for cervical nodal metastasis, and prognostic factors of malignant sublingual gland tumors (MSLGT).MethodsPatients diagnosed with MSLGT were retrospectively reviewed from January 2005 to December 2017 at Shanghai Ninth Hospital. The clinicopathological features were summarized, and the correlations between clinicopathological parameters, cervical nodal metastasis, and local–regional recurrence were evaluated using the Chi‐square test. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis were performed to assess the survival and independent prognostic factors.ResultsSeventy‐nine patients were included, and the 5‐year overall survival and disease‐free survival rates was 85.7% and 71.7%, respectively. Gender and clinical tumor stage were risk factors for cervical nodal metastasis. Tumor size and pathological lymph node (LN) stage were independent prognostic factors for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the sublingual gland; while age, pathological LN stage, and distant metastasis were prognostic factors for patients with non‐ACC of the sublingual gland. Patients with higher clinical stage were more likely to undergo tumor recurrence.ConclusionsMalignant sublingual gland tumors are rare, and neck dissection should be performed in male MSLGT patients with higher clinical stage. Among patients with both ACC and non‐ACC MSLGT patients, pN+ indicate a poor prognosis.
Validation of the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score in Predicting Postoperative Outcomes Following Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: Sun Lili , Liu Zhiwei , Wu Hao , Liu Baichuan , Zhao Bin 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveAlthough several prognostic models have been developed for patients who underwent hip fracture surgery, their preoperative performance was insufficiently validated. We aimed to verify the effectiveness of the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) for predicting postoperative outcomes following hip fracture surgery.MethodsThis was a single‐center and retrospective analysis. A total of 702 elderly patients with hip fractures (age ≥ 65 years old) who received treatment in our hospital from June 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the research participants. They were divided into the survival group and the death group based on their survival 30 days after surgery. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the independent risk factors for the 30‐day mortality after surgery. The NHFS and American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grades were used to construct these models, and a receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to assess their diagnostic significance. A correlation analysis was performed between NHFS and length of hospitalization and mobility 3 months after surgery.ResultsThere were significant differences in the age, albumin level, NHFS, and ASA grade between both groups (p < 0.05). The length of hospitalization in the death group was longer than the survival group (p < 0.05). The perioperative blood transfusion and postoperative ICU transfer rates in the death group were higher than in the survival group (p < 0.05). The death group's incidence of pulmonary infections, urinary tract infections, cardiovascular events, pressure ulcers, stress ulcers with bleeding, and intestinal obstruction was higher than the survival group (p < 0.05). The NHFS and ASA III were independent risk factors for the 30‐day mortality after surgery, regardless of age and albumin level (p < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the NHFS and ASA grade for predicting the 30‐day mortality after surgery was 0.791 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.709–0.873, p < 0.05) and 0.621 (95% CI 0.477–0.764, p > 0.05), respectively. The NHFS positively correlated with hospitalization length and mobility grade 3 months after surgery (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe NHFS demonstrated a better predictive performance than the ASA score for the 30‐day mortality after surgery and positively correlated with the hospitalization length and postoperative activity limitation in elderly patients with hip fractures.
Net‐zero carbon declarations by Japanese local governments: What caused the domino‐like diffusion?
Authors: Nakazawa Takashi , Satoh Keiichi , Trencher Gregory , Tatsumi Tomoyuki , Hasegawa Koichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSub‐national governments are a crucial non‐state actor for mitigating climate change. This importance has recently strengthened as increasing numbers of municipalities declare net‐zero carbon emission goals to support the Paris Agreement, often well ahead of national governments. In Japan, net‐zero declarations have also diffused widely, with nearly 800 declarations appearing in domino‐like fashion over 2019–2022. To elucidate the factors that propelled this rapid diffusion, we used an event‐history analysis based on data from a survey to develop an integrated statistical model. We then deepen understanding of diffusion mechanisms through seven brief case studies informed by interviews and document analysis. We find that the drivers of policy diffusion varied over time. During the early stage, internal factors drove the spread of declarations; namely participation in transnational city networks, endowed human and financial resources, and political leadership. But in later stages, diffusion was mostly propelled by external factors; namely declarations by neighboring cities and the affiliated prefectural government. Through these findings, we contribute to scholarship through two novel perspectives. First, we reveal the factors driving policy diffusion across both early adopters and the ordinary majority. Second, we show how the influence of well‐known factors can vary during different stages of policy diffusion.
Brittle basement deformation during the Caledonian Orogeny observed by K‐Ar geochronology of illite‐bearing fault gouge in west‐central Sweden
Authors: Almqvist Bjarne , van der Lelij Roelant , Högdahl Karin , Lescoutre Rodolphe , Schönenberger Jasmin , Fossen Haakon , Sjöström Håkan , Juhlin Christopher , Luth Stefan , Grigull Susanne , Viola Giulio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study presents K‐Ar ages of illite‐bearing fault gouges in crystalline basement in central‐western Sweden. Samples were taken from two faults that localized brittle deformation marginal to and within mafic dikes that intruded Paleoproterozoic granitoids. K‐Ar ages from 10 separated grain fractions span from 823 to 392 Ma. Older ages obtained (823–477 Ma) were influenced by a mixture of illite and K‐feldspar; the latter likely formed during a hydrothermal event prior to faulting. The remaining ages (442.1 ± 9.7 to 391.7 ± 6.1 Ma) were obtained from fractions from both faults hosting only authigenic illite and show that illite crystallized during the Scandian phase of the Caledonian orogeny. These results indicate that previously presumed autochthonous Caledonian basement was involved in continental contraction and subsequent collapse of the Caledonian orogen, influencing both the mode and depth of penetration of deformation into Baltica.
Artificial Neural Network-Aided Computational Approach for Mechanophenotyping of Biological Cells Using Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Kamble Yuvaraj , Raj Abhishek , Thakur Atul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe artificial neural network (ANN) based models have shown the potential to provide alternate data-driven solutions in disease diagnostics, cell sorting and overcoming AFM-related limitations. Hertzian model-based prediction of mechanical properties of biological cells, although most widely used, has shown to have limited potential in determining constitutive parameters of cells of uneven shape and nonlinear nature of force-indentation curves in AFM-based cell nano-indentation. We report a new artificial neural network-aided approach, which takes into account, the variation in cell shapes and their effect on the predictions in cell mechanophenotyping. We have developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model which could predict the mechanical properties of biological cells by utilizing the force versus indentation curve of AFM. For cells with 1 μm contact length (platelets), we obtained a recall of 0.97 ± 0.03 and 0.99 ± 0.0 for cells with hyperelastic and linear elastic constitutive properties respectively with a prediction error of less than 10%. Also, for cells with 6–8 μm contact length (red blood cells), we obtained the recall of 0.975 in predicting mechanical properties with less than 15% error. We envisage that the developed technique can be used for better estimation of cells' constitutive parameters by incorporating cell topography into account.
Individual Effect of Spatially Periodic Vertical Surface Temperatures and Nanoparticles on Natural Convection in Water
Authors: Narayana Mahesha , Saha Richa , Siddheshwar P. G. , Nagouda Smita S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper considers the thermo-convective boundary-layer flow (BLF) of a water–copper mono-nanofluid over a flat vertical surface which is subjected to three types of periodic temperature variations described by the sinusoidal, sawtooth, and triangular waveforms. The temperature of the fluid at the flat surface is greater than the surrounding ambient temperature. The governing equations describing the BLF have been reduced to a non-similar form using an appropriate stream function formulation. The Keller-Box method is used to obtain numerical solution of the boundary-value problem. The effect of the pertinent parameters on the nature of the flow and the heat transfer has been discussed using actual thermophysical data. The results about the shear–stress and heat transfer rate at the surface are presented as well. To study the nature of BLF, the velocity and thermal boundary-layers, the streamline and isotherm plots have been considered, which reveal that the nanoparticle volume-fraction, amplitude of surface temperature variations, and the Grashof number play a pivotal role in enhancing/diminishing heat transfer. The final outcome reveals that the heat transfer is highest for the sinusoidal waveform, followed by that of the triangular and then, the sawtooth. An important inference is that a symmetric periodic temperature distribution at the surface enhances heat transfer more than that of a constant surface-temperature.
Faster RSTRENG: A More Efficient Effective Area Method Algorithm for Corrosion Assessment
Authors: Yan Jason , Lu Dongliang , Khou Ian , Zhang Shenwei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCorrosion is one of the major threats to the safety and structural integrity of oil and gas transmission pipelines. The corrosion threat is usually managed by regular in-line inspection (ILI). The effective area method (RSTRENG) is the most popular corrosion assessment model to convert the measured corrosion size to predicted burst pressure. Given a detailed corrosion measurement profile, the effective area method involves an iterative process to find the minimum burst pressure. As stated in ASME B31G, “for a corroded profile defined by n measurements of depth of corrosion including the end points at nominally full wall thickness, n!/2(n − 2)! iterations are required to examine all possible combinations of local metal loss with respect to surrounding remaining material,” the widely used effective area algorithm has at least an order of n-square time complexity (O(n2)). As n increases, the computation time increases nonlinearly. This paper reviewed the traditional RSTRENG algorithm first, and demonstrated that it is not necessary to always loop through all the combinations and check the corresponding burst pressure one by one. Because some combinations with shallower and shorter corrosion size are certainly not the final critical combination corresponding to the minimum burst pressure. A more efficient algorithm (Faster RSTRENG) is proposed and presented in this paper, which can reduce the algorithm computation time significantly.
Associations of grip strength with cardiovascular, respiratory, and cancer outcomes and all cause mortality: prospective cohort study of half a million UK Biobank participants
Authors: Celis-Morales Carlos A , Welsh Paul , Lyall Donald M , Steell Lewis , Petermann Fanny , Anderson Jana , Iliodromiti Stamatina , Sillars Anne , Graham Nicholas , Mackay Daniel F , Pell Jill P , Gill Jason M R , Sattar Naveed , Gray Stuart R 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association of grip strength with disease specific incidence and mortality and whether grip strength enhances the prediction ability of an established office based risk score.DesignProspective population based study.SettingUK Biobank.Participants502 293 participants (54% women) aged 40-69 years.Main outcome measuresAll cause mortality as well as incidence of and mortality from cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer (all cancer, colorectal, lung, breast, and prostate).ResultsOf the participants included in analyses, 13 322 (2.7%) died over a mean of 7.1 (range 5.3-9.9) years’ follow-up. In women and men, respectively, hazard ratios per 5 kg lower grip strength were higher (all at P<0.05) for all cause mortality (1.20, 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 1.23, and 1.16, 1.15 to 1.17) and cause specific mortality from cardiovascular disease (1.19, 1.13 to 1.25, and 1.22, 1.18 to 1.26), all respiratory disease (1.31, 1.22 to 1.40, and 1.24, 1.20 to 1.28), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.24, 1.05 to 1.47, and 1.19, 1.09 to 1.30), all cancer (1.17, 1.13 to 1.21, 1.10, 1.07 to 1.13), colorectal cancer (1.17, 1.04 to 1.32, and 1.18, 1.09 to 1.27), lung cancer (1.17, 1.07 to 1.27, and 1.08, 1.03 to 1.13), and breast cancer (1.24, 1.10 to 1.39) but not prostate cancer (1.05, 0.96 to 1.15). Several of these relations had higher hazard ratios in the younger age group. Muscle weakness (defined as grip strength <26 kg for men and <16 kg for women) was associated with a higher hazard for all health outcomes, except colon cancer in women and prostate cancer and lung cancer in both men and women. The addition of handgrip strength improved the prediction ability, based on C index change, of an office based risk score (age, sex, diabetes diagnosed, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and smoking) for all cause (0.013) and cardiovascular mortality (0.012) and incidence of cardiovascular disease (0.009).ConclusionHigher grip strength was associated with a range of health outcomes and improved prediction of an office based risk score. Further work on the use of grip strength in risk scores or risk screening is needed to establish its potential clinical utility.