bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
[18F]F13640: a selective agonist PET radiopharmaceutical for imaging functional 5-HT1A receptors in humans
Authors: Courault Pierre , Lancelot Sophie , Costes Nicolas , Colom Matthieu , Le Bars Didier , Redoute Jérôme , Gobert Florent , Dailler Frédéric , Isal Sibel , Iecker Thibaut , Newman-Tancredi Adrian , Merida Inés , Zimmer Luc 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose
F13640 (a.k.a. befiradol, NLX-112) is a highly selective 5-HT1A receptor ligand that was selected as a PET radiopharmaceutical-candidate based on animal studies. Due to its high efficacy agonist properties, [18F]F13640 binds preferentially to functional 5-HT1A receptors, which are coupled to intracellular G-proteins. Here, we characterize brain labeling of 5-HT1A receptors by [18F]F13640 in humans and describe a simplified model for its quantification.

Methods
PET/CT and PET-MRI scans were conducted in a total of 13 healthy male volunteers (29 ± 9 years old), with arterial input functions (AIF) (n = 9) and test–retest protocol (n = 8). Several kinetic models were compared (one tissue compartment model, two-tissue compartment model, and Logan); two models with reference region were also evaluated: simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) and the logan reference model (LREF).

Results
[18F]F13640 showed high uptake values in raphe nuclei and cortical regions. SRTM and LREF models showed a very high correlation with kinetic models using AIF. As concerns test–retest parameters and the prolonged binding kinetics of [18F]F13640, better reproducibility, and reliability were found with the LREF method. Cerebellum white matter and frontal lobe white matter stand out as suitable reference regions.

Conclusion
The favorable brain labeling and kinetic profile of [18F]F13640, its high receptor specificity and its high efficacy agonist properties open new perspectives for studying functionally active 5-HT1A receptors, unlike previous radiopharmaceuticals that act as antagonists. [18F]F13640’s kinetic properties allow injection outside of the PET scanner with delayed acquisitions, facilitating the design of innovative longitudinal protocols in neurology and psychiatry.

Trial Registration.
Trial Registration EudraCT 2017–002,722-21.
The synovial fluid calprotectin lateral flow test for the diagnosis of chronic prosthetic joint infection in failed primary and revision total hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Suren Christian , Lazic Igor , Haller Bernhard , Pohlig Florian , von Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger , Prodinger Peter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose

The diagnostic criteria of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) recommended by the most commonly used diagnostic algorithms can be obscured or distorted by other inflammatory processes or aseptic pathology. Furthermore, the most reliable diagnostic criteria are garnered during revision surgery. A robust, reliable addition to the preoperative diagnostic cascade is warranted. Calprotectin has been shown to be an excellent diagnostic marker for PJI. In this study, we aimed to evaluate a lateral flow test (LFT) in the challenging patient cohort of a national referral centre for revision arthroplasty.

Methods
Beginning in March 2019, we prospectively included patients scheduled for arthroplasty exchange of a total hip (THA) or knee arthroplasty (TKA). Synovial fluid samples were collected intra-operatively.
We used the International Consensus Meeting of 2018 (ICM) score as the gold standard. We then compared the pre-operative ICM score with the LFT result to calculate its diagnostic accuracy as a standalone pre-operative marker and in combination with the ICM score as part of an expanded diagnostic workup.

Results
A total of 137 patients with a mean age of 67 (± 13) years with 53 THA and 84 TKA were included. Ninety-nine patients (72.8%) were not infected, 34 (25.0) were infected, and four (2.9%) had an inconclusive final score and could not be classified after surgery.
The calprotectin LFT had a sensitivity (95% confidence interval) of 0.94 (0.80–0.99) and a specificity of 0.87 (0.79–0.93). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the calprotectin LFT was 0.94 (0.89–0.99). In nine cases with an inconclusive pre-operative ICM score, the calprotectin LFT would have led to the correct diagnosis of PJI.

Conclusions
The synovial fluid calprotectin LFT shows excellent diagnostic metrics both as a rule-in and a rule-out test, even in a challenging patient cohort with cases of severe osteolysis, wear disease, numerous preceding surgeries, and poor soft tissue conditions, which can impair the common diagnostic criteria. As it is available pre-operatively, this test might prove to be a very useful addition to the diagnostic algorithm.
Does Prophylactic Negative‐Pressure Wound Therapy Prevent Surgical Site Infection After Laparotomy? A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled trials
Authors: Meyer Jeremy , Roos Elin , Davies Richard Justin , Buchs Nicolas Christian , Ris Frédéric , Toso Christian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundProphylactic negative‐pressure wound therapy (pNPWT) may prevent surgical site infection (SSI) after laparotomy, but existing meta‐analyses pooling only high‐quality evidence have failed to confirm this effect. Recently, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been published. We performed an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine if pNPWT reduces the incidence of SSI after laparotomy.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL and Web of Science were searched on the 25.08.2021 for RCTs reporting on the incidence of SSI in patients who underwent laparotomy with and without pNPWT. The systematic review was compliant with the AMSTAR2 recommendation and registered into PROSPERO. Risk ratios (RR) for SSI in patients with pNPWT, and risk difference (RD) between control and pNPWT patients, were obtained using random effects models. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 value, and investigated using subgroup analyses, funnel plots and bubble plots. Risk of bias of included RCTs was assessed using the RoB2 tool.ResultsEleven RCTs were included, representing 973 patients who received pNPWT and 970 patients who received standard wound dressing. Pooled RR and RD between patients with and without pNPWT were of, respectively, 0.665 (95% CI 0.49–0.91, I2: 38.7%, p = 0.0098) and −0.07 (95% CI −0.12 to −0.03, I2: 53.6%, p = 0.0018), therefore demonstrating that pNPWT decreases the incidence of SSI after laparotomy. Investigation of source of heterogeneity identified a potential small‐study effect.ConclusionThe protective effect of pNPWT against SSI after laparotomy is confirmed by high‐quality pooled evidence.
Indications, Challenges, and Characteristics of Successful Implementation of Perioperative Registries in Low Resource Settings: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kifle Fitsum , Kifleyohanes Tewodros , Moore Jolene , Teshome Ayele , Biccard Bruce M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPerioperative registries can be utilised to track outcomes, develop risk prediction models, and make evidence‐based decisions and interventions. To better understand and support initiatives to establish clinical registries, this study aimed to assess the indications, challenges, and characteristics of successful perioperative registries in low‐resource settings, where there is unmet surgical demand and patients have a mortality rate up to double that of high‐income countries. We conducted a librarian‐assisted literature search of international research databases of articles published between January 1969 and January 2021. Studies were filtered using predefined criteria and responses to two Mixed Method Appraisal Tool screening questions. A Direct Content Analysis Method was used to synthesis. e data for eligible studies based on predefined criteria. The search identified 2793 abstracts. After removing duplicates and excluding studies that did not meet eligibility criteria, twelve studies were included, conducted in South America (n = 4), Africa (n = 5), the Middle East (n = 2), and Asia (n = 1). The lack of context‐specific data for determining and evaluating patient outcomes (n = 7) was the major indication for implementation. Organising local research teams and engaging stakeholders in the host country were associated with successful implementation. Inadequate funding for data collectors and monitoring data quality were identified as challenges (n = 4). The goal of a perioperative registry is to generate data to influence and support quality improvement, and national surgical policies. Efforts to establish perioperative registries in low‐ and middle‐income countries should engage local teams and stakeholders and seek to overcome challenges in data collection and monitoring.
Early Vertebroplasty for Severely Painful Acute Osteoporotic Compression Fractures: A Critical Review of the Literature
Authors: Clark William , Diamond Terrence 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVertebroplasty has emerged over the last 30 years as a common treatment for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Patient selection and the time at which vertebroplasty is offered to the patient varies between centres and regions. Vertebroplasty has been studied in comparison to placebo intervention in five blinded trials. One such trial showed more benefit from vertebroplasty than placebo when the procedure was mostly performed within 3 weeks of fracture onset. Others showed no additional benefit from vertebroplasty compared to placebo when it was performed later in the natural history of the fracture. In this review, we examine data from blinded and open label randomised studies of vertebroplasty for evidence relating specifically to the use of early vertebroplasty for patients with severely painful acute osteoporotic fractures.
Universal approach for diffusion quantification applied to lead halide perovskite single crystals
Authors: Pospisil Jan , Marackova Lucie , Zmeskal Oldrich , Kovalenko Alexander 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA universal approach to calculating diffusion coefficients in lead halide perovskite single crystals, which have ionic and mixed ionic–electronic conductivity, is proposed. Using impedance spectroscopy, it is demonstrated how to model a non-ideal Warburg element and transmission line equivalent circuit to identify ionic diffusion in the material. The proposed method is applicable to samples of any thickness and electrical properties. Additionally, it is shown how to overcome the challenges of low-frequency impedance measurement and the non-ideal behavior of the elements through extrapolative modeling and approximation.
Histopathological results of radical prostatectomy specimen of men younger than 50 years of age at the time of surgery: possible implications for prostate cancer screening programs?
Authors: Mehring Gisa , Tilki Derya , Heinzer Hans , Steuber Thomas , Pose Randi M. , Thederan Imke , Budäus Lars , Salomon Georg , Haese Alexander , Michl Uwe , Maurer Tobias , Huland Hartwig , Graefen Markus , Isbarn Hendrik 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Prostate cancer (PCa) detection is usually achieved by PSA measurement and, if indicated, further diagnostics. The recent EAU guidelines recommend a first PSA test at the age of 50 years, if no family history of PCa or BRCA2 mutation exists. However, some men might harbor significant PCa at younger age; thus we evaluated the histopathological results of men treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) in their 40 s at our institution.

Materials and methods
We relied on the data of all patients who underwent RP in our institution between 1992 and 2020 and were younger than 50 years at the time of surgery. The histopathological results are descriptively presented. Moreover, we tested the effect of a positive family history on the descriptive results.

Results
Overall, 1225 patients younger than 50 years underwent RP at our institution. Median age was 47 years. Most patients showed favorable histopathological characteristics. However, 20% of patients had extraprostatic disease (≥ pT3a), 15% had ISUP Gleason grade group ≥ 3, and 7% had positive lymph nodes (pN1). Patients with a known positive family history did not have a higher rate of adverse disease as their counterparts with a negative family history.

Discussion
Our data show that the majority of patients who were diagnosed with PCa at a very young age had favorable histopathological RP characteristics. However, a non-negligible proportion of patients already showed locally advanced disease and would have probably benefited from earlier PCa detection. This should be kept in mind when PCa screening recommendations are proposed.
Mid-term symptomatic relief after platelet-rich plasma infiltration in vulvar lichen sclerosus
Authors: Medina Garrido Carola , Cano García Alejandra , de la Cruz Cea Lidia , Oreja Cuesta Ana B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, progressive, autoimmune dermatologic condition that causes cutaneous changes accompanied by pruritus and pain. There remains a small population with vulvar LS refractory to topical corticosteroids. Injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been reported to have positive effects on tissue repair. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in symptom scores during and after PRP vulvar infiltration.

Methods
Three PRP infiltrations were administered to 28 female postmenopausal patients with biopsy-proved LS with unsatisfactory response to steroid therapy. Change in score according to the Clinical Scoring System for Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus (CSS) was measured on six occasions over the course of a year. We used growth curve modeling to measure change over the period of the study.

Results
Women in our study experienced a statistically significant improvement in auto-assessed symptoms of vulvar lichen sclerosus, and this improvement appears to be maintained throughout the monitoring year.

Conclusion
Platelet-rich plasma may have a role in symptom relief in certain cases of patients with LS that do not respond to first-line therapy.
Efficacy and safety of oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists in moderate-to-severe endometriosis-associated pain: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Xin Lingli , Ma Yinghao , Ye Mei , Chen Ling , Liu Fuzhou , Hou Qingxiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this NMA is to comprehensively analyze evidence of oral GnRH antagonist in the treatment of moderate-to-severe endometriosis-associated pain.

Methods
Literature searching was performed to select eligible studies published prior to April 2022 in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Web of Science. Randomized controlled trials involving patients who suffered from moderate-to-severe endometriosis-associated pain and treated with oral nonpeptide GnRH antagonists or placebo were included.

Results
Elagolix 400 mg and ASP1707 15 mg were most efficient in reducing pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia. Relugolix 40 mg was best in reducing the analgesics use. The rates of any TEAEs and TEAEs-related discontinuation were highest in relugolix 40 mg and elagolix 250 mg, respectively, while rates of hot flush and headache were highest in relugolix 40 mg and elagolix 150 mg. Significantly decreased spinal BMD was observed in elagolix 250 mg.

Conclusion
Oral GnRH antagonists were effective in endometriosis-associated pain in 12w, and most of the efficiency and safety outcomes were expressed in a dose-dependent manner, but linzagolix 75 mg was an exception.
Validation of combined carcinoembryonic antigen and glucose testing in pancreatic cyst fluid to differentiate mucinous from non-mucinous cysts
Authors: Gorris Myrte , Dijk Frederike , Farina Arantza , Halfwerk Johannes B. , Hooijer Gerrit K. , Lekkerkerker Selma J. , Voermans Rogier P. , Wielenga Mattheus C. , Besselink Marc G. , van Hooft Jeanin E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
More accurate diagnosis of mucinous cysts will reduce the risk of unnecessary pancreatic surgery. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and glucose in pancreatic cyst fluid (PCF) can differentiate mucinous from non-mucinous pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN). The current study assessed the value of combined CEA and glucose testing in PCF.

Methods
Cross-sectional validation study including prospectively collected PCF from patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and pancreatic surgery. We performed laboratory measurements for CEA and glucose and measured glucose levels by a hand glucometer. Primary outcome was diagnostic accuracy evaluated by receiver operator curves (ROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV).

Results
Overall, PCF was collected from 63 patients, including 33 (52%) with mucinous and 30 (48%) with non-mucinous PCN. Histopathology (n = 36; 57%), cytopathology (n = 2; 3%), or clinical and/or radiological diagnosis (n = 25; 40%) was used as reference standard. Combined CEA (cut-off ≥ 192 ng/ml) and laboratory glucose testing (cut-off ≤ 50 mg/dL) reached 92% specificity and 48% sensitivity, whereas either positive CEA (cut-off ≥ 20 ng/ml) or glucose testing (cut-off ≤ 50 mg/dL) showed 97% sensitivity and 50% specificity. Sensitivity and specificity were 80% and 68% for CEA ≥ 20 ng/mL versus 50% and 93% for CEA ≥ 192 ng/mL (the conventional cut-off level). Laboratory and glucometer glucose both reached 100% sensitivity and 60% and 45% specificity, respectively. None of the biomarkers and cut-offs reached a PPV exceeding 90%, whereas both glucose measurements had a NPV of 100% (i.e., high glucose excludes a mucinous cyst).

Conclusion
Combined CEA and glucose testing in PCF reached high specificity and sensitivity for differentiating mucinous from non-mucinous PCN. Glucose testing, whether alone or combined with the new CEA cut-off (≥ 20 ng/mL), reached > 95% sensitivity for mucinous cysts, whereas only glucose reached a NPV > 95%.

Graphical abstract
Patient perspective on the use of carbon fibre plates for extremity fracture fixation
Authors: Giannoudis Vasileios P. , Rodham Paul , Antypas Antony , Mofori Niki , Chloros George , Giannoudis Peter V. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Carbon fibre-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) plates represent an exciting development within trauma and orthopaedic surgery, offering advantages including radiolucency, material properties similar to bone, and lack of localised tissue reaction. As more call for trials examining their use, there is no data available as to the acceptability of these implants to patients. This study aimed to therefore examine the acceptability of CFR-PEEK plates to patients undergoing fracture surgery.

Methods
This was a prospective cross-sectional survey of patients undergoing surgery for a fracture of the ankle, distal femur, distal radius, or proximal humerus. Once a decision had been made to pursue operative fixation with a plate, patients were provided with descriptions of both CFR-PEEK and stainless steel and titanium metal implants alongside the current clinical evidence. All patients undertook a questionnaire examining their views as to the advantages and disadvantages of CFR-PEEK plates, and whether they would be happy to participate in a trial comparing both.

Results
Ninety-nine patients were happy to participate (64 females, mean age 50). Eighty-seven patients reported that they would want a CFR-PEEK implant for their fracture, and 76 reported that they would be willing to participate in an RCT comparing their use. Commonly reported advantages included radiolucency, low weight and biocompatibility. Disadvantages reported included cost and concerns regarding durability.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that CFR-PEEK implants would be acceptable to patients undergoing fracture surgery, with high numbers of patients stating that they would be willing to participate in a randomised study examining their use.
Zoning strategies for managing outbreaks of alien plant pests in the European Union: a review
Authors: Sun Hongyu , Douma Jacob C. , Schenk Martijn F. , Potting Roel P. J. , Boscia Donato , Vicent Antonio , MacLeod Alan , van der Werf Wopke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractManaging outbreaks of alien plant pests is key to preserving biodiversity and safeguarding crop production. Zoning strategies are applied by plant health authorities to tailor measures to the risk of spread in relation to distance from the outbreak epicentre and the biology of the pest. Here we synthesize information on outbreak management to evaluate the diversity and consistency of such approaches. We collected information on the zoning strategies of 121 outbreaks of 25 plant pests in the European Union (EU). According to the organism’s presence and the measures applied, five zones were distinguished: an infested zone (83% of cases), a buffer zone (76%), a clear-cutting zone (28%), an eradication zone (1%) and a containment zone (1%). Infested zones and buffer zones were adjacent non-overlapping zones, while the clear-cutting zone, eradication zone or containment zone was within either the infested zone or buffer zone. A combination of infested and buffer zones was used in 51% of recorded cases. Measures differed within different zones. Destruction of infested plants in the infested zone was done in 78% of the cases, while surveillance was always applied in the buffer zone. Regulation of an organism at EU level led to a convergence of zoning strategies applied by different member states. Regulations often prescribed the greatest widths used before regulations were issued. Further analyses are needed to explore the efficacy of different strategies including the costs of each strategy. Such analyses should combine insight from practice with bio-economic modelling.
What affected UK adults’ adherence to medicines during the COVID-19 pandemic? Cross-sectional survey in a representative sample of people with long-term conditions
Authors: Penner L. S. , Armitage C. J. , Thornley T. , Whelan P. , Chuter A. , Allen T. , Elliott R. A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim
Medicines non-adherence is associated with poorer outcomes and higher costs. COVID-19 affected access to healthcare, with increased reliance on remote methods, including medicines supply. This study aimed to identify what affected people’s adherence to medicines for long-term conditions (LTCs) during the pandemic.

Subject and methods
Cross-sectional online survey of UK adults prescribed medicines for LTCs assessing self-reported medicines adherence, reasons for non-adherence (using the capability, opportunity and motivation model of behaviour [COM-B]), medicines access and COVID-19-related behaviours.

Results
The 1746 respondents reported a mean (SD) of 2.5 (1.9) LTCs, for which they were taking 2.4 (1.9) prescribed medicines, 525 (30.1%) reported using digital tools to support ordering or taking medicines and 22.6% reported medicines non-adherence. No access to at least one medicine was reported by 182 (10.4%) respondents; 1048 (60.0%) reported taking at least one non-prescription medicine as a substitute; 409 (23.4%) requested emergency supply from pharmacy for at least one medicine. Problems accessing medicines, being younger, male, in the highest socioeconomic group and working were linked to poorer adherence. Access problems were mostly directly or indirectly related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents were generally lacking in capabilities and opportunities, but disruptions to habits (automatic motivation) was the major reason for non-adherence.

Conclusion
Navigating changes in how medicines were accessed, and disruption of habits during the COVID-19 pandemic, was associated with suboptimal adherence. People were resourceful in overcoming barriers to access. Solutions to support medicines-taking need to take account of the multiple ways that medicines are prescribed and supplied remotely.