bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanopore sequencing for detecting reciprocal translocation carrier status in preimplantation genetic testing
Authors: Xia Qiuping , Li Shenglan , Ding Taoli , Liu Zhen , Liu Jiaqi , Li Yanping , Zhu Huimin , Yao Zhongyuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Balanced reciprocal translocation (BRT) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities that causes infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and birth defects. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is widely used to select euploid embryos for BRT carriers to increase the chance of a healthy live birth. Several strategies can be used to distinguish reciprocal translocation carrier embryos from those with a normal karyotype; however, these techniques are time-consuming and difficult to implement in clinical laboratories. In this study, nanopore sequencing was performed in two reciprocal translocation carriers, and the results were validated using the next-generation sequencing-based method named, “Mapping Allele with Resolved Carrier Status” (MaReCs).

Results
The translocation breakpoints in both reciprocal translocation carriers were accurately identified by nanopore sequencing and were in accordance with the results obtained using MaReCs. More than one euploid non-balanced translocation carrier embryo was identified in both patients. Amniocentesis results revealed normal karyotypes, consistent with the findings by MaReCs and nanopore sequencing.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that nanopore sequencing is a powerful strategy for accurately distinguishing non-translocation embryos from translocation carrier embryos and precisely localizing translocation breakpoints, which is essential for PGT and aids in reducing the propagation of reciprocal translocation in the population.
Brassinosteroids is involved in methane-induced adventitious root formation via inducing cell wall relaxation in marigold
Authors: Li Yihua , Hua Jun , Hou Xuemei , Qi Nana , Li Changxia , Wang Chunlei , Yao Yandong , Huang Dengjing , Zhang Hongsheng , Liao Weibiao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Methane (CH4) and brassinosteroids (BRs) are important signaling molecules involved in a variety of biological processes in plants.

Results
Here, marigold (Tagetes erecta L. ‘Marvel’) was used to investigate the role and relationship between CH4 and BRs during adventitious root (AR) formation. The results showed a dose-dependent effect of CH4 and BRs on rooting, with the greatest biological effects of methane-rich water (MRW, CH4 donor) and 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBL) at 20% and 1 μmol L− 1, respectively. The positive effect of MRW on AR formation was blocked by brassinoazole (Brz, a synthetic inhibitor of EBL), indicating that BRs might be involved in MRW-regulated AR formation. MRW promoted EBL accumulation during rooting by up-regulating the content of campestanol (CN), cathasterone (CT), and castasterone (CS) and the activity of Steroid 5α-reductase (DET2), 22α-hydroxylase (DWF4), and BR-6-oxidase (BR6ox), indicating that CH4 could induce endogenous brassinolide (BR) production during rooting. Further results showed that MRW and EBL significantly down-regulated the content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin during rooting and significantly up-regulated the hydrolase activity, i.e. cmcase, xylanase and laccase. In addition, MRW and EBL also significantly promoted the activity of two major cell wall relaxing factors, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) and peroxidase, which in turn promoted AR formation. While, Brz inhibited the role of MRW on these substances.

Conclusions
BR might be involved in CH4-promoted AR formation by increasing cell wall relaxation.
Increasing pneumococcal vaccine uptake in older adults: a scoping review of interventions in high-income countries
Authors: Kirubarajan Abirami , Lynch Meghan , Nasreen Sharifa , Gebretekle Gebremedhin B. , Fadel Shaza A. , Crowcroft Natasha S. , Allin Sara 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
There is low uptake of the pneumococcal vaccination in eligible older adults, even in high-income countries that offer routine and universal vaccination programs.

Objective
To systematically characterize interventions aimed at improving pneumococcal vaccine uptake in older adults.

Design
We conducted a scoping review following PRISMA-SCr guidelines of five interdisciplinary databases: Medline-Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, PsychInfo, and Cochrane Library. Databases were searched from January 2015 until April 2020. The interventions were summarized into three pillars according to the European Union Conceptional Framework for Action: information campaigns, prioritization of vaccination schemes, and primary care interventions.

Results
Our scoping review included 39 studies that summarized interventions related to pneumococcal vaccine uptake for older adults, encompassing 2,481,887 study participants (945 healthcare providers and 2,480,942 older adults) across seven countries. Examples of interventions that were associated with increased pneumococcal vaccination rate included periodic health examinations, reminders and decision-making tools built into electronic medical records, inpatient vaccination protocols, preventative health checklists, and multimodal educational interventions. When comparing the three pillars, prioiritization of vaccination schemes had the highest evidence for improved rates of vaccination (n = 14 studies), followed by primary care interventions (n = 8 studies), then information campaigns (n = 5 studies).

Conclusion
Several promising interventions were associated with improved outcomes related to vaccine uptake, although controlled study designs are needed to determine which interventions are most effective.
Association between whole-grain intake and myopia in chinese children: a cross-sectional epidemiological study
Authors: Liu Zhuzhu , Wang Qingxin , Zhao Qianyu , Gao Fei , Jin Nan , Wang Di , Wang Biying , Du Bei , Wei Ruihua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Nutritional status influences the growth and development of the eyes. However, there are few studies on the association between diet, especially whole grains (WG) consumption, and myopia. The study aimed to evaluate the association between WG intake and myopia prevalence among primary school-age children in China.

Methods
This cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted between November 2019 and December 2019 included 586 children, aged 6–12 years, attending primary school in Binhai district, Tianjin, China. Ophthalmologic examinations and optometric cycloplegic refraction measurements were conducted. Information was collected on known risks and protective factors for myopia and the consumption of WGs, vegetables, and fruits. This association between the probability of myopia and the proportion of WG consumption (WG proportion was calculated as the mean intake from WG sources divided by total grain intake), adjusted for protective and risk factors, was analysed using crude and multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Among the study participants, 226/586 (38.57%) children had myopia in at least one eye. WG intake was inversely correlated with the prevalence of myopia. Furthermore, in the multivariate analysis, WG intake of > 50% was identified as a protective factor against myopia after subsequent adjustment for children’s age, sex, parental myopia, near-work activity, screen time, reading and writing habits, visual fatigue, outdoor time, and classroom light environment (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion
WG intake (> 50%) was an independent protective factor against myopia. Modifying the form of grains consumed (whole versus refined) could be one of the targets of future public health measures.
Dilated coronary arteries in a 2-month-old with RIT1-associated Noonan syndrome: a case report
Authors: Aniol Claudia V. , Prokop Jeremy W. , Rajasekaran Surender , Pageau Spencer , Elizer Sydney K. , VanSickle Elizabeth A. , Bupp Caleb P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Noonan Syndrome is caused by variants in a variety of genes found in the RAS/MAPK pathway. As more causative genes for Noonan Syndrome have been identified, more phenotype variability has been found, particularly congenital heart defects. Here, we report a case of dilated coronary arteries in a pediatric patient with a RIT1 variant to add to the body of literature around this rare presentation of Noonan Syndrome.

Case presentation
A 2-month-old female was admitted due to increasing coronary artery dilation and elevated inflammatory markers. Rapid whole genome sequencing was performed and a likely pathogenic RIT1 variant was detected. This gene has been associated with a rare form of Noonan Syndrome and associated heart defects. Diagnosis of the RIT1 variant also gave reassurance about the patient’s cardiac findings and allowed for more timely discharge as she was discharged to home the following day.

Conclusions
This case highlights the importance of the association between dilated coronary arteries and Noonan syndrome and that careful cardiac screening should be advised in patients diagnosed with Noonan syndrome. In addition, this case emphasizes the importance of involvement of other subspecialities to determine a diagnosis. Through multidisciplinary medicine, the patient was able to return home in a timely manner with a diagnosis and the reassurance that despite her dilated coronary arteries and elevated inflammatory markers there was no immediate concern to her health.
The impact of parental migration on left-behind children’s vision health in rural China
Authors: Du Kang , Yang Tianli , Zhao Jin , Guan Hongyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Parental migration is an important factor affecting left-behind children’s health. However, few studies have addressed the effect of parental migration on children’s vision health in China. To fill the gap, this study aimed to assess the impact of parental migration on left-behind children’s vision health and to explore the possible mechanisms of the effect.

Methods
Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS), which included over 10,000 junior high school students. This study used myopia, the most common vision problem among junior high school students, and tried to analyze whether myopia was corrected with eyeglasses as indicator variables of vision health. The impact of parental migration on vision health was assessed using an instrumental variables approach.

Results
The results show that parental migration reduced the likelihood of myopia in left-behind children and decreased the possibility of myopic left-behind children being corrected. This result passed a series of robustness tests. The mechanism analysis indicated that compared to non-left-behind children, left-behind children spent more time on outdoor activities and less time on after-school classes, reducing their risk of being myopic. Further, because left-behind children live apart from their parents, their myopia problem is more difficult for parents to notice, and left-behind children are less likely to inform their parents of their myopia than non-left-behind children actively. This helps to explain why left-behind children have a lower correction rate with eyeglasses.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that parental migration, while not increasing the prevalence of myopia in left-behind children, has led to inequity in myopic left-behind children’s correction. Given the severe consequences of uncorrected myopia, action is required to enhance the correction rate of myopic left-behind children.
Patients’ and clinicians’ perspectives towards primary care consultations for shoulder pain: qualitative findings from the Prognostic and Diagnostic Assessment of the Shoulder (PANDA-S) programme
Authors: Saunders B. , Burton C. , van der Windt D. A. , Myers H. , Chester R. , Pincus T. , Wynne-Jones G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical management of musculoskeletal shoulder pain can be challenging due to diagnostic uncertainty, variable prognosis and limited evidence for long-term treatment benefits. The UK-based PANDA-S programme (Prognostic And Diagnostic Assessment of the Shoulder) is investigating short and long-term shoulder pain outcomes. This paper reports linked qualitative research exploring patients’ and clinicians’ views towards primary care consultations for shoulder pain.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 patients and 15 primary care clinicians. Twenty-two interviews (11 patients, 11 clinicians) were conducted as matched patient-clinician ‘dyads’. Data were analysed thematically.

Results
Clinicians reported attempts to involve patients in management decisions; however, there was variation in whether patients preferred treatment choice, or for decisions to be clinician-led. Some patients felt uncertain about the decisions made, due to a lack of discussion about available management options. Many General Practitioners expressed a lack of confidence in diagnosing the underlying cause of shoulder pain. Patients reported either not being given a diagnosis, or receiving different diagnoses from different professionals, resulting in confusion. Whilst clinicians reported routinely discussing prognosis of shoulder pain, patients reported that prognosis was not raised. Patients also expressed concern that their shoulder pain could be caused by serious pathology; however, clinicians felt that this was not a common concern for patients.

Conclusions
Findings showed disparities between patients’ and clinicians’ views towards shoulder pain consultations, indicating a need for improved patient-clinician communication. Findings will inform the design of an intervention to support treatment and referral decisions for shoulder pain that will be tested in a randomised controlled trial.
The effect of prophylactic chemotherapy on treatment outcome of postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Ye Yaqiong , Cheng Xiaodong , Lu Weiguo , Xie Xing , Wang Xinyu , Li Xiao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate whether prophylactic chemotherapy (P-chem) increased the drug resistance rate of postmolar GTN and whether the first-line chemotherapy should be different from P-chem.

Methods
Postmolar GTN received P-Chem was defined as P-Chem group. Postmolar GTN without P-chem was randomly selected as control group according to the ratio of 1:3 (P-chem:control) and matched by age for low risk and high risk GTN separately.

Results
Totally 455 low-risk and 32 high-risk postmolar GTN patients were included. WHO risk score, chemotherapy cycles to achieve hCG normalization and resistant rate were similar between P-chem (27 cases) and control (81 cases) group. Among low-risk GTN patients, interval from hydatidiform mole to GTN was significantly longer in P-chem group than control (44 vs 69 days, P = 0.001). Total chemotherapy cycles and resistant rate were similar between low-risk GTN treated with same agent as P-chem (group A) and alternative agent (group B). But group A needed more chemotherapy cycles to achieve hCG normalization than group B.

Conclusions
P-chem delayed the time to GTN diagnosis, but didn’t increase risk score or lead to drug resistance of postmolar GTN. Alternative agent different from P-chem had the potential of enhancing chemotherapy response in low- risk postmolar GTN.
Keratitis following leech therapy for periocular eczematous dermatitis: a case report
Authors: Özkaya Dilek 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The medicinal leech therapy (MLT) is a kind of complementary treatment method used for various diseases. The leeches (Hirudo medicinalis) have been used for more than 2500 years by surgeons. The substances presenting in the saliva of leeches have anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, platelet inhibitory, thrombin regulatory, analgesic, extracellular matrix degradative and antimicrobial effects. The method is cheap, easy to apply, effective and its mechanisms of action have been clarified for specific diseases. Infection particularly Aeromonas infection is the most common complication of MLT.

Case presentation
In this case report, a keratitis case developing after leech therapy applied for the periocular and facial eczematous dermatitis lesions will be presented. The patient referred to our hospital with decreased vision, ocular pain, stinging, redness and lacrimation complaints. A large corneal epithelial defect with irregular margins, dying by fluorescein, involving more than inferior half of cornea and conjunctival hyperemia were seen in the right eye. No agent was determined in microbiological investigation, as the patient had used topical moxifloxacin eye drop which was commenced in another clinic before applying to us. The patient was treated with fortified vancomycin and ceftazidime, before using besifloxacin with the diagnosis of bacterial keratitis. Three weeks later epithelial defect improved completely leaving an opacity and neovascularization.

Conclusions
MLT should be performed by certified physicians with sterile medicinal leeches and precautious antibiotics should be used before MLT for prevention against potential infections.
“They go hand in hand”: a patient-oriented, qualitative descriptive study on the interconnectedness between chronic health and mental health conditions in transition-age youth
Authors: Allemang Brooke , Samuel Susan , Pintson Karina , Patton Megan , Greer Katelyn , Farias Marcela , Schofield Keighley , Sitter Kathleen C. , Patten Scott B. , Mackie Andrew S. , Dimitropoulos Gina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Transition-age youth (TAY) with chronic health conditions frequently experience co-occurring mental health conditions. However, little is known about the perspectives of TAY with co-occurring diagnoses preparing to exit pediatric health and mental health services. Research is needed to understand the impact of a mental health condition on transition readiness and self-management in TAY with chronic health conditions.

Methods
TAY (aged 16–20 years) with co-occurring chronic health and mental health conditions were recruited in Alberta, Canada. Nine semi-structured individual interviews were completed by phone or videoconference, and transcribed verbatim. Guided by qualitative description, we analyzed the data using thematic analysis in partnership with five young adults with lived experience in the health/mental health systems.

Results
Participants shared their experiences living with simultaneous physical and mental health concerns and preparing for transition to adult care. Our analysis revealed three overarching themes: 1) “they’re intertwined”: connections between chronic health and mental health conditions in TAY, 2) impact of mental health on transition readiness and self-management, and 3) recommendations for service provision from the perspectives of TAY.

Conclusions
Our findings highlighted the myriad ways in which physical and mental health are connected as TAY prepare for service transitions using specific examples and powerful metaphors. TAY endorsed the importance of providers discussing these connections in routine clinical care. Future research should involve co-designing and evaluating educational material addressing this topic with diverse TAY, caregivers, and service providers.
TiO2 nanostructured implant surface-mediated M2c polarization of inflammatory monocyte requiring intact cytoskeleton rearrangement
Authors: Fu Zhaoyue , Hou Yongli , Haugen Håvard Jostein , Chen Xutao , Tang Kang , Fang Liang , Liu Yong , Zhang Shu , Ma Qianli , Chen Lihua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Microgravity directly disturbs the reorganization of the cytoskeleton, exerting profound effects on the physiological process of macrophages. Although it has been established that macrophage M1/M2 polarization could be manipulated by the surface nanostructure of biomaterial in our previous study under normal gravity, how will inflammatory monocytes (iMos)-derived macrophages respond to diverse nanostructured Ti surfaces under normal gravity or microgravity remains unrevealed.

Results
In this study, Cytochalasin D, a cytoskeleton relaxant, was employed to establish the simulated microgravity (SMG) environment. Our results showed that human iMos polarized into M2c macrophages on NT5 surface but M1 type on NT20 surface with divergent inflammatory phenotypes according to the profile of macrophage polarization featured molecules under normal gravity. However, such manipulative effects of NTs surfaces on iMos-derived macrophages were strikingly weakened by SMG, characterized by the altered macrophage morphology, changed cytokine secretion profile, and decreased cell polarization capacity.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first metallic implantable material study focusing on the functions of specific monocyte subsets and its crucial role of the cytoskeleton in materials-mediated host immune response, which enriches our mechanism knowledge about the crosstalk between immunocytes and biomaterials. The results obtained in the present study may also provide potential targets and strategies for biomaterial development and clinical treatment via precise immune-regulation under normal gravity and microgravity.

Graphic Abstract
Pregnancy risks and contraceptive use among postpartum mothers in Cameroon: implications for improving the coverage of postpartum family planning services
Authors: Fotso Jean Christophe , Cleland John G. , Kouo Ngamby Marquise , Lukong Baye Martina , Adje Elihouh O. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The health hazards of short inter-birth intervals are severe in Cameroon. One-quarter of inter-birth intervals are less than 24 months and the probability of death before age 5 for children born after a short interval is double that associated with intervals of 36–47 months. We examine the risk of an unintended pregnancy in the 18 months following childbirth in Cameroon, taking into account the protective effects of lactational amenorrhea, delayed resumption of sex as well as contraceptive use.

Methods
Data from 3007 postpartum women in the nationally representative 2018 Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey were used. Risk of an unintended pregnancy was defined from current status information on resumption of sex and menses, contraceptive use, desire for another child within 12 months, and, for the minority of pregnant women, whether the conception was intended. Predictors of risk, and of modern method use, were assessed by bivariate and multivariate analysis.

Results
In the first 6 postpartum months, only 8% of women were fully at risk (i.e., sex and menses resumed but no contraceptive use), rising to 24% at 6–11 postpartum months, and further to 30% at months 12–17. Though 89% wanted to delay the next birth by at least 1 year, only 17% were currently using a modern method. Menstruating women were much more likely to be users than amenorrheic women: 27% versus 15% at months 12–17 postpartum. Urban and better educated women recorded higher contraceptive use but lower protection from other factors than rural, less educated women, with the net result that risk differed little across these population strata. Uptake of maternal and child health (MCH) services was high but only one-third of women had discussed family planning at a facility visit during the preceding 12 months.

Conclusions
These results underscore the need for improved postpartum family planning services by means of closer integration with mainstream health services. In view of evidence from other sources of heavy workload and weak motivation of health staff, this will require strong leadership. A related priority is to increase the number of staff trained in provision of long-acting methods, such as implants.