bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a User‐Friendly Predictive Model Using Demographic and Complete Blood Count Data to Facilitate Early Diagnosis on Suspicion of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Jin Lilan , Li Lei , Lu Yiyi , Cai Gang , Lin Lin , Lin Jiafei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo develop a novel predictive model based on demographics and complete blood count (CBC) parameters to quickly identify suspicious features of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), enabling prompt initiation of further investigations and referrals.Methods426 patients with elevated peripheral blood cell counts were referred to the Hematology Department of Ruijin Hospital from 2017 to 2023. Among them, 215 patients were diagnosed with MPN, while the remaining 211 patients formed the non‐MPN group. The patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort. Demographic characteristics, CBC data, and other relevant laboratory information were collected. By univariable and multivariable logistic regression, significant indicators independently associated with MPN were identified and included in the nomogram. The model was evaluated by measuring the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curve.ResultsFive indicators were identified as independently associated with MPN, including onset age, monocyte fraction, basophil fraction, red blood cell distribution width, and platelet count. The AUC values for the training and validation cohorts were 0.912 and 0.928, respectively. The calibration curves showed good agreement between the predicted risk by the nomogram and the actual outcomes. The DCA for the training and the validation datasets revealed net benefits of 0.9026 and 0.9303, respectively.ConclusionWe have developed and validated a prediction model for MPN based on demographics and CBC data. The model could assist general practitioners in quickly identifying patients with potential MPN and in initiating timely further investigations and referrals.
Corruption and Default Risk: Global Evidence
Authors: Nadarajah Sivathaasan , Atif Muhammad , Tawiah Vincent , Liu Jia , Wood Geoffrey 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe extant literature explores the consequences of corruption on firms’ growth and survival. However, its impact on default risk remains unexplored. On the basis of a sample of 189,109 firm‐years from 2004 to 2021 across 47 countries, our study reveals that a one standard deviation increase in corruption is associated with an 11.3% increase in default risk. Our channel analysis identifies information asymmetry and managerial risk‐taking as key mechanisms through which corruption influences default risk. This adverse effect is particularly pronounced in countries with opaque information environments, weak governance frameworks and inadequate external monitoring of firms. We further highlight the detrimental impact of corruption on firms’ borrowing costs and banks’ loan performance. Our study emphasizes the importance of enhancing information transparency and implementing stringent control mechanisms as a basis of mitigating corruption's detrimental effects across a range of different socio‐political contexts.
The Mission (Im)possible of Climate Action through Quixotic Institutional Work
Authors: Delmestri Giuseppe , Schuessler Elke S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe ‘iron cage’ of the (neo‐) liberal‐capitalist system prioritizes economic returns over climate protection. Formerly powerful nation‐states are subordinated to the rule of markets, whereas business elites have been freed from substantial responsibility for social and environmental concerns. While we agree in principle with the Point that a reassertion of state power may facilitate more decided climate action, our Counterpoint adopts a cultural institutionalist perspective that highlights the embeddedness of actors in a broader cultural order. From this perspective, actors enact scripts while often lacking substantive agency towards protecting the natural environment. Cultural change in meanings, myths, practices, and rituals is needed to remodel the currently dominant scripts and templates of modern, liberal‐capitalist ‘world society’, including the script of state actorhood. We suggest the notion of ‘quixotic institutional work’ as a way of envisioning and prefiguring alternative cultural templates when both the physical and the social reality start showing cracks due to the climate crisis. Quixotic institutional work follows the logic of appropriateness rather than consequential purposiveness, and thus constitutes a different, often overlooked and mocked, form of agency for systems change relevant in the light of powerful forces towards maintaining an unsustainable world order.
Identification of Elite Wheat Genotypes for Leaf Rust Resistance in a Geographically Diverse Wheat Panel Using Line × Tester Analysis
Authors: Ullah Farhan , Shah Liaqat , Saeed Muhammad , Can Chen , Hongqi Si , Chuanxi Ma 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLeaf rust (LR) poses a global threat to wheat crops and can lead to severe yield losses if environmental conditions favour its spread. Using resistant wheat cultivars offers a sustainable approach to managing LR. This study aimed to identify promising wheat lines for LR‐resistance breeding using classical analytical methods to screen for LR tolerance. We evaluated 10 parental lines, comprising 6 lines and 4 testers, crossed into 24 combinations using a line × tester mating design. These germplasm were grown in a triplicate RCB design under both optimal and LR‐stress conditions. We recorded data on various morphological, physiochemical, yield and component traits at key growth stages. The analysis of combining ability indicated significant variations among genotypes, with non‐additive gene action influencing most traits. Four promising parents (AN179, AN1687, PR123 and PR127) and two crosses (AN179 × PR127 and AN179 × PR123) showed high combining ability for yield traits under LR‐stress. Cluster analysis revealed divergent groups among the genotypes, with shifting clustering under LR‐stress suggesting varied genotypic responses. Factor analysis identified genotypes that performed consistently well under LR‐stress. These genotypes are suitable for use in LR‐resistance breeding programs. We also recommend peduncle length and tillers per plant as phenotypic markers for wheat selection and breeding due to their positive correlation with grain yield. The findings of this study can contribute valuable insights to sustainable wheat breeding research.
Unveiling Hidden Trauma: A Cross‐Sectional Study of Violence Exposure and Its Impacts on Entrapment, Self‐Stigma and Empathic Care Among Psychiatric Nurses
Authors: Atta Mohamed Hussein Ramadan , Eweida Rasha Salah , Albzia Ali , El‐Monshed Ahmed Hashem , Barakat Mona Mohamed Abdelaziz 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPsychiatric nurses often work in high‐stress environments where they are frequently exposed to various forms of violence and aggression from patients. While the immediate physical consequences of violence are usually recognised, the psychological impacts, such as feelings of entrapment, self‐stigma and diminished empathy, are less understood but equally critical.AimsThis study aimed to fill this gap by examining how different forms of violence exposure affect entrapment, self‐stigma and empathic care among psychiatric nurses, providing insights that can inform both practice and policy.DesignThis study utilised a descriptive correlational research design.MethodThis study was conducted in two prominent psychiatric hospitals in Egypt, namely the Mental Health Hospital and Addiction in Benha City and Elmaamora for Psychiatric Medicine and Addiction in Alexandria. A convenience sample of 246 psychiatric nurses who filled out the Perception of Prevalence Aggression Scale, the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised, the Empathetic Care Scale, the Scale for Assessing the Stigma of Mental Illness in Nursing and the Entrapment Scale was used for the study. Data collection spanned 3 months, from June to August 2024.FindingsThe findings reveal that perceived aggression is positively correlated with the impact of events (r = 0.513, p < 0.001) and entrapment (r = 0.160, p = 0.012) and negatively correlated with empathy (r = −0.232, p < 0.001). The regression analyses show that verbal aggression, threatening verbal aggression, aggressive splitting behaviour, severe self‐directed violence and suicides are significant predictors of empathy, increasing its levels (R2 = 0.509, p < 0.001). Stigma is negatively influenced by threatening verbal aggression, provocative aggressive behaviour, severe physical violence, mild violence against self and suicides but positively by passive‐aggressive behaviour (R2 = 0.377, p < 0.001).ConclusionThese results underscore the importance of addressing aggression in psychiatric settings to promote the well‐being and professional functioning of nurses.Reporting MethodSTROBE is the relevant reporting method that has been adhered to.
Hyposaline conditions impact the early life‐stages of commercially important high‐latitude kelp species
Authors: Farrugia Drakard Veronica , Hollarsmith Jordan A. , Stekoll Michael S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study examines how hyposaline stress impacts the early life‐stages of commercial kelp species from Alaska. Kelp are important species both ecologically and commercially and are likely to experience significant impacts due to ongoing climate change. Climate‐driven glacial melt and changing rainfall patterns globally will release large amounts of freshwater into coastal systems in the coming decades. Both bull kelp (Nereocystis luetkeana) and ribbon kelp (Alaria marginata) are high‐latitude species of commercial and ecological importance. These species inhabit very different environments: While bull kelp is a subtidal, canopy‐forming species, ribbon kelp is an intertidal subcanopy species. In this study, fertile specimens of both were collected from various locations in Alaska and induced to release spores. These were cultivated for 30 days in four salinity treatments: 32, 25, 20, and 13. Both species grew and produced gametophytes in salinities down to a salinity of 20, although A. marginata seems to be better adapted to hyposaline conditions. Below a salinity of 20, we observed several impacts on progression between life stages. The response of gametophyte growth and the production of eggs and sporophytes to different salinities varied both by species and by population. Gametophytes of N. luetkeana grew fastest at a salinity of 32, while those of A. marginata grew fastest between 20 and 25 (Juneau) or 25 and 32 (Kodiak). In terms of egg production, A. marginata displayed significant population‐level variation. Juneau individuals produced the same number of eggs regardless of salinity. Kodiak individuals produced fewer eggs in hyposaline conditions. The production of sporophytes from eggs for both species from all locations was unaffected by salinities above 20; however, no sporophytes at all were produced at 13. All of this has implications for commercial production in the hatchery phase, as hyposaline stress may induce N. luetkeana to produce sporophytes faster than in full oceanic salinity. In terms of wild populations, the observed population‐level and species‐level differences in adaptation to hyposaline conditions suggest that decreased salinities in coastal areas are likely to impact the distribution of these two species over the coming decades.
Contingent Mother's Voice Intervention Facilitates Attention in Hospitalized Preterm Infants With Neural Insults
Authors: Kjeldsen Caitlin P. , Neel Mary Lauren , Stark Ann R. , He Zhulin , Chorna Olena , Benninger Kristen , Maitre Nathalie L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNeurologic insults in infancy can have significant long‐term effects on developmental processes including attention and learning; however, the heterogeneity of diagnoses and treatments in this population often lead to exclusion from interventional trials to improve outcomes. This study sought to determine whether hospitalized infants with neural insults have the capacity to attend to and engage in an intervention leveraging recorded mother's voice contingent on non‐nutritive suck (NNS). Eighty‐four hospitalized infants with neural insult were randomized to receive 20 sessions of intervention (recorded mother's voice contingent on NNS) or control (passive exposure to recorded mother's voice). Pause time between suck bursts was 29% lower for infants receiving contingent mother's voice compared to passive exposure (p < 0.001). Hospitalized infants with evidence of neural insult have the capacity to engage in active interventions leveraging recorded mother's voice and demonstrate greater attention during active versus passive presentation of stimuli.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03230032.
Not All Bark Beetles Smell the Same: Population‐Level Functional Olfactory Polymorphisms in Ips typographus Pheromone Receptor ItypOR33
Authors: Johny Jibin , Diallo Souleymane , Nadachowska‐Brzyska Krystyna , Moliterno Antonioni Acacio Campos , Roy Amit , Kalinová Blanka , Große‐Wilde Ewald , Schlyter Fredrik 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEurasian spruce bark beetle Ips typographus, a natural part of forest ecosystems, is a major threat to Norway spruce forests during outbreaks. Olfaction plays a crucial role in the survival and range expansion of these beetles, amid forest disturbances and climate change. As the current management strategies are suboptimal for controlling outbreaks, the reverse chemical ecology approaches based on pheromone receptors offer promising alternatives. While the search for pheromone receptors is in progress, recently found chromosomal inversions indicates signs of adaptation in this species. Our attempts to characterise one of the highly expressed odorant receptors, ItypOR33, located in an inversion, led to the discovery of polymorphic variants distributed with similar frequency across 18 European populations. Deorphanizing ItypOR33 and its variant ItypOR33a using the Drosophila empty‐neuron system (DeNS) revealed ItypOR33 tuned to amitinol, a heterospecific pheromone component in Ips spp., whereas its variant tuned to (S)‐(−)‐ipsenol, a conspecific pheromone component of I. typographus. The in silico approaches revealed the structural basis of variations by predicting putative ligand‐binding sites, tunnels and ligand‐receptor interactions. However, no sex‐specific differences were found in the ItypOR33 expression, and its ligand amitinol elicited behavioural and electrophysiological responses. Reporting population‐level functional olfactory polymorphisms for the first time in a non‐model organism—bark beetles, provides key evidence for further exploring their survival and adaptation in forests. Additionally, these findings indicate potential long‐term complexities of managing bark beetles in forests.
Efficiency of Class II Malocclusion Treatment With Extraction of 2 Maxillary Premolars and the First Class Appliance Anchored in Mini‐Implants
Authors: Tonello Diego Luiz , Cavalcanti Heloísa Nelson , de Almeida Lázaro Vinícius Ribeiro , Bellini‐Pereira Silvio Augusto , Castillo Aron Aliaga‐Del , Henriques José Fernando Castanha , Garib Daniela , Janson Guilherme 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTreatment efficiency is considered an important clinical variable in orthodontic practice; therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the efficiency between different Class II compensatory treatment approaches. The extraction of 2 maxillary premolars was compared to molar distalization with the First Class distaliser indirectly anchored to mini‐implants.Materials and MethodsA retrospective sample of 31 patients was divided into two groups. Group 1: Class II treatment with two premolar extractions; 18 patients with a mean initial age of 14.3 ± 1.3 years. Group 2: Distalization with the First Class appliance indirectly anchored to mini‐implants; 13 patients with a mean initial age of 13.3 ± 1.3 years. The Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) and the Objective Grading System (OGS) were used to calculate the percentage of occlusal improvement (PcPAR), treatment time (TT) and treatment efficiency index (TEI). The occlusal indexes, TT and TEI between both groups were compared using t tests (p < 0.05).ResultsSimilar occlusal outcomes were observed between the groups, with no statistically significant differences (F‐PAR and OGS). The TT in Group 1 was significantly shorter compared to Group 2. As a result, treatment with extractions was significantly more efficient (TEI: 3.23) than the treatment with maxillary molar distalization anchored indirectly to mini‐implants (TEI: 1.95).ConclusionsBoth treatment protocols showed similar occlusal results; however, Class II correction with two premolar extractions is significantly more efficient than molar distalization with indirect skeletal anchorage.
Klebsiella pneumoniae infection increases risk of Alzheimer's disease in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Lehrer Steven , Rheinstein Peter H. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundInfections, including bacterial pathogens, have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a common hospital‐acquired pathogen associated with significant inflammation, which may contribute to neurodegeneration. This study investigates the relationship between K. pneumoniae infections and AD in the UK Biobank cohort.MethodsUsing UK Biobank data, we assessed AD diagnoses based on linked healthcare records and identified K. pneumoniae infections using International Classification of Disease 10th Edition codes B96.1 and J15.0. A cohort of 502 494 participants was analyzed for AD incidence in relation to demographic factors, educational years, apolipoprotein E (APOE) isoforms, and history of K. pneumoniae infection. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between K. pneumoniae infection and AD risk.ResultsAD incidence was significantly higher among participants with a history of K. pneumoniae infection (1.0%) compared to those without (0.2%; P < 0.001, Fisher's exact test two‐tailed). Logistic regression analysis revealed that K. pneumoniae infection was associated with an increased risk of AD (odds ratio = 3.32, P < 0.001), independent of age, sex, education, and APOE isoform. Additionally, AD risk was higher among ε4ε4 carriers and increased with age but decreased with additional years of education.ConclusionOur findings suggest that K. pneumoniae infection may be an independent risk factor for AD. This association underscores the need for further research into infection control and its role in mitigating neurodegenerative disease risk, particularly in populations susceptible to healthcare‐associated infections.
A mile high and an inch deep: Exploring ChatGPT as a mathematics curriculum development tool
Authors: Sawyer Amanda Gantt , Aga Zareen Gul 
Published: February 2025

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) technology has issues, including inherent bias and inaccurate information, yet it has not stifled individuals' use of this technology in the mathematics classroom. Thus, we conducted a document analysis to investigate ChatGPT, a generative AI chatbot, constructing elementary mathematical tasks to determine how mathematics teacher educators (MTEs) can support this implementation. We analyzed 191 text responses constructed by ChatGPT, each corresponding to a task created for one of the elementary Common Core mathematical standards from kindergarten to fifth Grade to answer the research questions: What are the associated levels of cognitive demand of the ChatGPT's text responses, is there a statistically significant difference between lower‐level mathematical tasks and higher‐level mathematical tasks, and what are the common characteristics of AI's tasks? We found significantly higher‐level cognitive demands across the tasks, but many activities were repetitive and inappropriate for the specified grade level. Finally, we explored how MTEs could support teachers using this tool in their classrooms using Mathematical Critical Curation Questions.
Divergence in the effects of sugar feedback regulation on the major gene regulatory network and metabolism of photosynthesis in leaves between the two founding Saccharum species
Authors: Shi Huihong , Hua Xiuting , Zhao Dongxu , Xu Juanjuan , Li Min , Wan Beiyuan , Li Zhen , Zhang Yingying , Yao Jiayu , Li Shuangyu , Lan Yuhong , Qi Yiying , Gao Ruiting , Zhang Yixing , Zhang Kelun , Guo Yijia , Fan Xianwei , Tang Haibao , Zhang Jisen 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYSugarcane is a crop that accumulates sucrose with high photosynthesis efficiency. Therefore, the feedback regulation of sucrose on photosynthesis is crucial for improving sugarcane yield. Saccharum spontaneum and Saccharum officinarum are the two founding Saccharum species for modern sugarcane hybrids. S. spontaneum exhibits a higher net photosynthetic rate but lower sucrose content than S. officinarum. However, the mechanism underlying the negative feedback regulation of photosynthesis by sucrose remains poorly understood. This study investigates the effects of exogenous sucrose treatment on S. spontaneum and S. officinarum. Exogenous sucrose treatment increases sucrose content in the leaf base but inhibits photosynthetic efficiency and the expression of photosynthesis‐related pathway genes (including RBCS and PEPC) in both species. However, gene expression patterns differed significantly, with few differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared between the two species, indicating a differential response to exogenous sucrose. The expression networks of key genes involved in sugar metabolism, sugar transport, and PEPC and RBCS showed divergence between two species. Additionally, DEGs involved in the pentose phosphate pathway and the metabolism of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism were uniquely enriched in S. spontaneum, potentially contributing to the differential changes in sucrose content in the tip between the two species. We propose a model of the mechanisms underlying the negative feedback regulation of photosynthesis by sucrose in the leaves of S. spontaneum and S. officinarum. Our findings enhance the understanding of sucrose feedback regulation on photosynthesis and provide insights into the divergent molecular mechanisms of sugar accumulation in Saccharum.
The gap‐free genome assembly and multi‐omics analyses illustrate the evolutionary history and the synthesis of medicinal components of Ligustrum lucidum
Authors: Li Yong , Yuan Meng‐Jie , Zhang Zi‐Yan , Pei Nan‐Cai 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYLigustrum lucidum, an important ornamental and medicinal plant in the Oleaceae family, has become a globally notorious invasive species because of its high adaptability. However, the lack of a high quality genome has hindered the understanding of the genetic basis for its broad adaptability and the mechanisms of its medicinal component synthesis. In this study, we successfully assembled a gap free telomere to telomere genome of L. lucidum. Through the reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree, we presented evidence that Jasmineae diverged from Oleaceae earlier than Forsythieae, which challenges the existing phylogenetic relationships within Oleaceae. Comparative genomics has found that two rounds of gene family expansions in L. lucidum significantly increased the number of genes related to its biotic and abiotic stress resistances, which may lay the genetic foundation for its broad adaptability. Among the L. lucidum fruits from January to March in our investigation, the results of metabolome show that March may be the optimal harvesting time. By integrating genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic data, we identified candidate genes involved in the synthesis of compounds, such as specnuezhenide, salidroside, and oleanolic acid. This study provides valuable genomic resources for comparative genomics studies within Oleaceae and for the genetic research of L. lucidum.