bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An international survey of allied health & nursing professionals during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Perspectives on facilitators of & barriers to care
Authors: Piotrowski Caroline , Graham Ashley , Gold Anna , Wray Jo , Bannister Louise , Wichart Jenny , Kosmach‐Park Beverly , Shellmer Dianna , Mayersohn Gillian , Patterson Catherine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAllied health and nursing professionals (AHNP) are integral members of transplant teams. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, they were required to adapt to changes in their clinical practices. The goal of the present study was to describe AHNP perceptions concerning the impact of the pandemic on their roles, practice, and resource allocation.MethodsAn online survey was distributed globally via email by the International Pediatric Transplant Association to AHNP at transplant centers from September to December 2020. Responses to open‐ended questions were collected using an electronic database. Using a thematic analysis approach, coding was conducted by three independent coders who identified patterns in responses, and discrepancies were resolved through discussion.ResultsThe majority of respondents (n = 119) were from North America (78%), with many other countries represented (e.g., the United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and Central and South America). Four main categories of impacts were identified: (1) workflow changes, (2) the quality of the work environment, (3) patient care, and (4) resources.ConclusionsParticipants indicated that the pandemic heightened existing barriers and resource challenges frequently experienced by AHNP; however, the value of team connections and opportunities afforded by technology were also highlighted. Virtual care was seen as increasing healthcare access but concerns about the quality and consistency of care were also expressed. A notable gap in participant responses was identified; the vast majority did not identify any personal challenges connected with the pandemic (e.g., caring for children while working remotely, personal stress) which likely further impacted their experiences.
Characterization of cell line with dedifferentiated GIST‐like features established from cecal GIST of familial GIST model mice
Authors: Sano Daisuke , Kihara Takako , Yuan Jiayin , Kimura Neinei , Ohkouchi Mizuka , Hashikura Yuka , Ohkubo Shuichi , Hirota Seiichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractApproximately 40 families with multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and germline c‐kit gene mutations have been reported. Three knock‐in mouse models have been generated, and all the models showed a cecal GIST. In the present study, we established a cell line derived from cecal GIST in a familial GIST model mouse with KIT‐Asp818Tyr. Since the established cells showed spindle‐shaped morphology with atypical nuclei, and since immunohistochemistry revealed that they were positive for α‐SMA but negative for KIT, CD34 and desmin, the phenotypes of the cells were reminiscent of dedifferentiated GIST‐like ones but not the usual GIST‐like ones. Gene expression analysis showed that the cell line, designated as DeGISTL1 cell, did not express c‐kit gene apparently, but highly expressed HSP90 families and glutaminase 1. Pathway analysis of the cells revealed that metabolic pathway might promote their survival and growth. Pimitespib, a heat shock protein 90α/β inhibitor, and Telaglenastat, a selective glutaminase 1 inhibitor, inhibited proliferation of DeGISTL1 cells and the combination of these showed an additive effect. DeGISTL1 cells might be a good model of dedifferentiated GISTs, and combination of Pimitespib and Telaglenastat could be a possible candidate for treatment strategy for them.
Extreme low pH, not Al3+, is a key abiotic stressor for the extremophyte Carex angustisquama (Cyperaceae) in highly acidic solfatara fields
Authors: Nagasawa K. , Fukushima K. , Setoguchi H. , Katsuyama M. , Sakaguchi S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Volcanic acidification creates extreme soil conditions, where rhizotoxicity from extremely low pH (2–3) and high Al3+ strongly inhibit plant growth. C. angustisquama is a dominant extremophyte in highly acidic solfatara fields, where no other vascular plants can survive. Here we investigated the key abiotic stressor determining survival of this extremophyte.

Soil analyses and topographic surveys were conducted to examine the effects of low pH and Al3+, two major abiotic stressors in acidic soils, on the occurrence of C. angustisquama in solfatara fields. Hydroponic culture experiments were also performed to test its growth responses to these stressors.

In field surveys, the spatial distribution of soil pH was consistent with vegetation zonation within a solfatara field. In contrast, soil exchangeable Al content was overall low due to strong eluviation. Statistical analysis also supported the significant role of soil pH in determining the distribution of C. angustisquama in a solfatara field. Furthermore, hydroponic culture experiments revealed a higher tolerance of C. angustisquama to low pH than a sister species, especially in the range pH 2–3, corresponding to the pH values of the actual habitats of C. angustisquama. Conversely, no significant interspecific difference was detected in Al3+ tolerance, indicating that both species had high Al3+ tolerance.

This study suggests that low pH is a critical abiotic stressor leading to formation of the extremophyte in highly acidic solfatara fields. In contrast, C. angustisquama displayed high tolerance to Al3+ toxicity, probably acquired prior to speciation.
Risk factors and prognosis for latent tuberculosis infection in dialysis patients: A retrospective cohort study at a single tertiary care center
Authors: Xia Yun , Fan Qiuxia , Zhang Jieyun , Jiang Li , Huang Xiaoyan , Xiong Zuying , Xiong Zibo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionRecent studies report that latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) may lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) that led us to hypothesize that LTBI may play an important role in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in dialysis patients.MethodsA single‐center retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 270 patients undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis more than 3 months were included. The interferon enzyme‐linked immunospot (IFN‐γ ELISPOT) assay was used for the diagnosis of LTBI. Primary endpoints were MACE, including all‐cause death and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The association between LTBI and MACE was examined using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression after adjusting for covariates and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.ResultsIn our study, the patients were classified into LTBI (n = 47) or non‐LTBI (n = 223) groups. Independent risk factors for LTBI in dialysis population were prior tuberculosis (TB) history (odds ratio [OR] 4.817 [1.064–22.306]), tobacco use (OR 2.903 [1.155–7.299]), and older age (OR 1.027 [1.002–1.053]). After a median follow‐up of 39 months, the incidence of active TB was 6.4% versus 0% in dialysis patients with and without LTBI, respectively (p = 0.005). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that LTBI was significantly associated with MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 2.540 [1.490–4.350]) after adjustment for potential confounders.ConclusionsPrior TB history, tobacco use, and the elderly can be used to select cost‐effective LTBI screening target groups in dialysis patients. LTBI is not only closely related to active TB but also an independent risk factor for higher incidence of MACE in dialysis population.
Effect of biochar and nitrogen fertilizers on maize seedling growth and enzyme activity relating to nitrification
Authors: Li Yuxuan , Riaz Muhammad , Xia Hao , Wang JiYuan , Wang Xiangling , Jiang Cuncang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMaximizing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) involves synchronizing the interplay between nitrogen preferential crops and the nitrogen transformation pathways of soil. Biochar may benefit specific N‐preference crops in relatively unsuitable soil environments; however, experimental data are lacking. This study tested eight treatments, consisting of four nitrogen treatments (N0 = control; N1 = NH4Cl; N2 = NaNO3; and N3 = 1:1 ratio of NH4+ and NO3−) each with biochar applied at 0% or 2% (w/w). The results show that biochar and/or nitrogen application enhanced maize seedling biomass and NO3−‐based fertilizer resulted in higher seedling biomass than NH4+‐based fertilizer. With the application of biochar and NH4+‐based fertilizer, maize seedling biomass increased and soil NH4+‐N content was significantly reduced compared with NH4Cl sole application. Correlation analysis and redundancy analysis revealed that SOC content and inorganic nitrogen content were the main factors influencing maize growth and N absorption. Biochar with or without nitrogen fertilizer (except N1 treatment) significantly increased β‐1,4‐glucosidase (BG) activity. Co‐application treatments also resulted in higher vector length, an indicator of C limitation—the increment might add to the risk of microbial C limitation. The activity of ammonia monooxygenase (AMO), a key enzyme in nitrification, decreased with the co‐application of biochar and nitrogen, suggesting the alteration of nitrogen transformation.
The New Chapter of Transonic Compressor Cascade Design at the DLR
Authors: Munoz Lopez Edwin J. , Hergt Alexander , Grund Sebastian , Gümmer Volker 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe design of compressor blades has been transformed by the advent of optimization algorithms, allowing designers to focus on finding the best optimization strategy for a desired application. However, transonic flow conditions on compressor blades still present considerable modeling challenges, even for a 2D blade section. This paper then focuses on the design of a new state-of-the-art compressor cascade for future test campaigns at the DLR’s Transonic Cascade Wind Tunnel (TGK). For this purpose, a review of the cascades previously tested at the TGK was performed to select a main reference with good efficiency at high loading. The data gathered also informed the optimization strategy applied with the DLR’s optimizer, AutoOpti. The process chain was evaluated with Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes CFD simulations using the DLR’s solver, TRACE. The optimization was set to minimize two objective functions: the first one focused on the efficiency at the design point, and the second one focused on the efficiency over the working range. The result is a Pareto front of cascades with a wide variety of design features with an efficiency improvement over the working range of about 24%. This improvement was achieved with a comparable aerodynamic loading. Further analyses were performed to select the “best” cascade for future test campaigns. The significant improvement obtained with respect to the reference and the wide variety of designs observed demonstrates that there is still much to be learned about blade design through optimization; even for 2D cascades and specially in transonic flow.
Optimization on Composition and Structure of Catalyst Layer for High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Meihui Tan , Huiyuan Liu , Huaneng Su , Weiqi Zhang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
High-temperature polymer membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are considered the trend of PEMFC future development due to their accelerated electrochemical reaction kinetics, simplified water/thermal management, and improved tolerance to impurities (CO). As the core part of the membrane electrode assembly in HT-PEMFCs, the catalyst layer significantly affects the cost, performance, and lifetime of HT-PEMFCs. However, platinum (Pt) catalyst degradation and carbon corrosion are apparently accelerated because of the high-temperature and acid environment in HT-PEMFC. Moreover, the loss of phosphoric acid (PA) that serves as the proton conductor is observed after long-term operation. In addition, the adsorption of phosphate on the Pt surface leads to poor Pt utilization. Thus, high cost and fast performance decay must be addressed to achieve better commercialization of HT-PEMFC. Optimizing the composition and structure of the catalyst layer is demonstrated as an effective strategy to resolve these problems. In this review, we first summarize the latest progress in the optimization of the catalyst layer composition for HT-PEMFC, including catalysts, binders, electrolytes (PAs), and additives. Thereafter, the structural characteristics of the catalyst layer are introduced, and the optimization strategies are reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and research perspectives of the catalyst layer in HT-PEMFC are discussed.
Feasibility Analysis of a Fuel Cell-Based Tri-Generation Energy System Via the Adoption of a Multi-Objective Optimization Tool
Authors: Genovese Matteo , Lucarelli Giuseppe , Fragiacomo Petronilla 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present paper investigates the feasibility of a tri-generation energy system in an industrial scenario with a modest size in terms of levels of electricity, heat, and cooling consumption. The technology under consideration is the fuel cell technology, both solid oxide fuel cells and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), compared to other more mature technologies, such as micro gas turbines. The proposed investigation takes into account several scenarios: the existing economy and state-of-the-art technical key performance indicators of the involved energy systems; the state-of-the-art technical key performance indicators of the involved technologies and economic subsidies; and a future scenario that takes into account economies of scale and better performance using the key metrics for fuel cell technology forecasted as 2030 target at European level. The PEMFCs with lithium-ion storage showed total efficiencies in the order of 75% over three reference periods. In terms of emissions, they guarantee a decrease in carbon dioxide equivalent released into the atmosphere equal to 40% of the reference emissions for a separate generation.
Optimization Synthesis of Hybrid Six-Bar Mechanism With Non-Circular Gear Constraints
Authors: Ao Meng , Yu Gaohong , Wang Lei , Sun Liang , Zhao Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA novel hybrid six-bar mechanism with non-circular gear constraints and its optimal synthesis method for complex multi-pose rigid body guidance tasks are proposed. An innovative optimization module is proposed to optimize the non-circularity and smoothness of non-circular gear pitch curves. The optimization synthesis of this mechanism is divided into two steps. The first step is to conduct multi-objective constraint optimization with pose error and non-circular gear pitch curve as optimization objectives to obtain the required diversified non-inferior solution set. Second, a set of solutions are selected from the solution set to construct the optimization function of non-circular gear pitch curves. The non-circularity and smoothness of the pitch curve are optimized to the maximum extent, and the pose change is ensured to be small. Finally, the multi-pose picking and planting of vegetable pot seedlings were realized using the proposed mechanism and optimization synthesis method. The final optimization design results show that the error between the actual pose and the required pose of the compact hybrid mechanism is small. The optimization effect of non-circularity and smoothness of non-circular gear pitch curves is pronounced. The effectiveness of the mechanism is verified via kinematic simulation.
Supplemental Material: Syntectonic sediment loading and fold-thrust belt structural architecture: An example from the central Appalachians (USA)
Authors: Evans M.A. 
Published: February 2023

<p>Plate 1. Structural cross sections across the Valley and Ridge province. Cross section locations are shown in Figure 1A. Filled red circles are sample locations projected down- plunge from ~15 km on either side of the section. Restored sections (shown below each structural cross section) show the inferred syntectonic overburden (orange shading) and the approximate pre- deformation locations of samples used to determine syntectonic overburden (red filled circles). Also shown are the ranges of calculated overburden for each location based on fluid inclusion microthermometry (Table S1 [see text footnote 1]). Some locations have more than one trapping depth determination. Generalized stratigraphy is shown in Figure 1B. Solid blue unit is the Cambrian–Ordovician lithotectonic unit. Blue line is the top of the Silurian Tuscarora Formation. Red line is the top of the Lower Devonian Oriskany Formation. Brown line is the base of the Mississippian Pocono Group. Purple line is the base of the Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation. Green in sections 1, 2, and 3 is Silurian Salina Group salt. Screw indicates the foreland pin line. Thrust blocks are numbered in order to relate present overburden determination to the estimated restored position. Sample numbers are keyed to Table S1 (see text footnote 1). C Clastic—Cambrian clastic rocks, C-O—Cambrian–Ordovician carbonate rocks, M—Mississippian rocks, MD-UD—Middle to Upper Devonian rocks, P—Pennsylvanian rocks, PC—Precambrian rocks. AVS—Aughwick Valley syncline, BMA—Blue Mountain anticline, BMtA—Backlog Mountain anticline, BS—Bedford syncline, BVA—Brush Valley anticline, CMA—Conococheague Mountain anticline, CS—Clearville syncline, DVA—Decker Valley anticline, ECS—Evitts Creek syncline, MBS—Meadow Branch synclinorium, MGS—Meadow Ground syncline, MMS—Martin Mountain syncline, NLVA—New Lancaster Valley anticline, NMT—North Mountain thrust fault, PVA—Penns Valley anticline, PVNA—Penns Valley Narrows anticline, SHS—Sideling Hill syncline, SVA—Sugar Valley anticline, TA—Tuscarora anticline, THS—Town Hill syncline, TRS—Timber Ridge syncline, TVS—Tuscarora Valley syncline, WMtA—White Mountain anticline, WS—Wellersburg syncline. </p>
Keeping the frogs in the wheelbarrow: how virtual onboarding creates positive team-enabling cultures
Authors: Varma Rick , Hastings Bradley 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe post-COVID-19 great resignation puts both employee retention and the onboarding of employees in the spotlight. In an effort to maintain workforce levels, healthcare leaders are turning their attention to both recruitment (ie, bringing new frogs into the wheelbarrow) and practices that create positive, team-enabling, cultures (ie, keeping frogs in the wheelbarrow).MethodsIn this paper, we illustrate our experience in building an employee onboarding programme as an efficient mechanism not only to immerse new professionals into existing teams but also to improve workplace culture and reduce team turnover. Key to its effectiveness, and in contrast with traditional large-scale culture change programmes, is that our programme provided a local cultural context via videos of our existing workforce in action.ResultsThis online experience, primed new joiners in cultural norms, helping them navigate critical early period of socialisation into their new environment.
Telehealth outpatient palliative care in the COVID-19 pandemic: patient experience qualitative study
Authors: Alcalde Castro Mirza Jacqueline , Zaig Shenhab , Nissim Rinat , O’Connor Brenda , Lau Jenny , Mak Ernie , Zimmermann Camilla , Hannon Breffni 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesOutpatient in-person early palliative care improves quality of life for patients with advanced cancer. The COVID-19 pandemic forced a rapid shift to telehealth visits; however, little is known about how telehealth in outpatient palliative care settings should be optimised beyond the pandemic. We aimed to explore, from the perspective of patients attending an outpatient palliative care clinic, the most appropriate model of care for in-person versus telehealth visits.MethodsA qualitative study using the grounded theory method. One-on-one, semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 26 patients attending an outpatient palliative care clinic at a tertiary cancer centre recruited from two groups: (1) those with >1 in-person appointment prior to 1 March 2020 and >1 telehealth appointment after this date (n=17); and (2) patients who had exclusively telehealth appointments (n=9). Purposive sampling was used to incorporate diverse perspectives.ResultsOverall, participants endorsed a flexible hybrid approach incorporating both in-person and telehealth visits. Specific categories were: (1) in-person outpatient palliative care supported building interpersonal connections and trust; (2) telehealth palliative care facilitated greater efficiency, comfort and independence and (3) patient-preferred circumstances for in-person visits (preferred for initial consultations, visits where a physical examination may be required and advance care planning discussions), versus telehealth visits (preferred during periods of relative heath stability).ConclusionsThe elements of in-person and telehealth outpatient palliative care clinic visits described by patients as integral to their care may be used to develop models of hybrid outpatient palliative care delivery beyond the pandemic alongside reimbursement and regulatory guidelines.
High-precision Penning-trap mass spectrometry for neutrino physics
Authors: Eliseev Sergey , Novikov Yuri 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAfter several decades of a dramatic development Penning-trap mass spectrometry now demonstrates unprecedented precision and sensitivity in measurements of the masses of a broad range of nuclides for various aspects of fundamental physics. This article reviews one facet of such mass measurements—a contribution of Penning-trap mass spectrometry to experiments on studies of neutrinos. These studies encompass the determination of the neutrino mass, the search for sterile and relic neutrinos and the search for neutrinoless double electron capture in order to determine the type of neutrinos as well as to check the conservation law of the total lepton number.
Minimally Invasive Plating of Distal Radius Fracture: A Series of 42 Cases and Review of Current Literature
Authors: Satria Oryza , Wikanjaya Rio , Tenges Christa Adriane , Al Mashur Muslich Idris 
Published: February 2023

Surgical techniques developed for distal radius fracture fixation have become increasingly advanced, including minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO). This study aimed to introduce and evaluate the functional outcome of a novel MIPO technique that differs from previous reports. This study included 42 patients with distal radius fractures who underwent minimally invasive surgical plating of the distal radius. All patients were treated with closed reduction, fixation using K-wire, and subsequent insertion of a volar anatomical stable angle short plate on the distal radius. An arthroscopy-assisted evaluation and repair procedure were performed to correct intra-articular involvement, triangular fibrocartilage complex tears, and scapholunate injuries. Functional outcomes were assessed using a visual analog scale score; quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score; and postoperative range of motion of flexion, extension, supination, and pronation at the 3-month follow-up, showing significant improvement in all parameters (all

p

≤ 0.05). This study provides a simpler yet reliable method with reproducible and consistent results to treat distal radius fractures using minimally invasive plating with closed reduction and plate insertion, resulting in satisfactory clinical outcomes in all patients.