bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomograms for Prediction of High‐Volume Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Feng Jia‐Wei , Ye Jing , Qi Gao‐Feng , Hong Li‐Zhao , Hu Jun , Wang Fei , Liu Sheng‐Yong , Jiang Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe coexistence rate between chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is quite high. Whether CLT influences metastatic lymph nodes remains uncertain. High‐volume lymph node metastasis is recommended as an unfavorable pathological feature. We aimed to investigate risk factors for high‐volume central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in PTC patients.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingChangzhou First People's Hospital.MethodsClinicopathological characteristics of 1094 PTC patients who underwent surgery in our center from January 2019 to November 2021 were analyzed.ResultsThe number of metastatic lymph nodes in the central compartment and lateral compartment were lower in the CLT group. We demonstrated that age, BRAF V600E, shape, and the number of foci were risk factors for high‐volume CLNM in patients with CLT. For patients without CLT, sex, age, tumor size, number of foci, and margin were risk factors for high‐volume CLNM. Tumor size, number of foci, location, and CLNM were all risk factors for high‐volume LLNM in patients with or without CLT. Body mass index was only associated with high‐volume LLNM in CLT patients. All the above factors were incorporated into nomograms, which showed perfect discriminative ability.ConclusionSeparate predictive systems should be used for CLT and non‐CLT patients for a more accurate clinical assessment of lymph node status. Our nomograms of predicting high‐volume CLNM and LLNM could facilitate risk‐stratified management of PTC recurrence and treatment decisions.
Predictors of Time Spent in Special Education Among Students With Severe‐to‐Profound Hearing Loss
Authors: Epstein Sherise , Ngo LizAnne , Sanders Elizabeth A. , Horn David L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveDetermine if students with severe‐to‐profound hearing loss with cochlear implants (CIs) mainstream (transition to general education) more than students with hearing amplification at the population level.Study DesignCross‐sectional secondary analysis of data from the National Center of Education Statistics.SettingSpecial education (SpEd) students in the United States who had severe to profound “hearing impairment” and were 6 to 16 years old at enrollment from 2000 to 2001.MethodsWe weighted the data to produce national estimates, performed multiple imputations for missingness, and built a multivariate linear regression model, which was cross‐validated with a multivariate Poisson regression model. We used a theory‐based approach to model‐building using a directed acyclic graph to identify the minimally sufficient adjustment set of variables, which included school district urbanicity, student's age when they started SpEd, other disabilities, home language, and caregiver education.ResultsWe identified 7267 students with CIs and 28,794 students with hearing amplification. CI users mainstreamed more than peers using hearing amplification during secondary school (40.29% less daily time in special education, p = .004) but not during primary school (9.19% less daily time in SpEd, p = .155). Additional significant predictors of mainstreaming varied between the primary and secondary school cohorts and included school district urbanicity and the student's age when they started SpEd.ConclusionCI status predicts daily time spent in SpEd among a secondary school cohort. These findings do not establish causation. The National Center of Education Statistics should consider linking to clinical databases in future studies.
Private Payer‐Negotiated Rates for FDA‐Approved Head and Neck Cancer Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy Agents
Authors: Talwar Abhinav , Kim Sooyoung , Yu Shun , Samant Sandeep , Tozan Yesim , Givi Babak 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify the price that private payers pay hospitals for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatments and identify hospital‐level factors associated with price variation.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingPrice transparency files.MethodsFiles from the top 50 hospitals in otolaryngology according to the US News and World Report were analyzed between December 2021 and June 2022. This study analyzed the following Food and Drug Administration‐approved HNSCC therapies: pembrolizumab, nivolumab, cetuximab, cisplatin, carboplatin, and paclitaxel.ResultsTwenty‐four (48%) hospitals reported prices for at least 1 medication in our sample. Newer biologics were significantly more expensive than traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Given approved medication regimens, all biologics in our sample have similar annual costs. Price markups over acquisition costs ranged between 109% (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) and 530% for carboplatin. Across hospitals, prices varied the most for paclitaxel, the cheapest medication in our sample, and prices varied the least for pembrolizumab the most expensive medication in our sample. Hospital 340B status and geographic location in the northeast/west are associated with lower price markups.ConclusionPrice nondisclosure remains a significant problem among hospitals. Newer biological medications are more expensive when compared to traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Prices vary significantly across hospitals, with lower price markups observed in 340B hospitals as well as hospitals located in the geographic northeast and west. It remains to be seen if price transparency will lead to more uniform pricing or lower costs of treatments.
Impact of Clinical Factors and Treatments on SMARCB1 (INI‐1)‐Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma
Authors: Contrera Kevin J. , Shakibai Nasim , Su Shirley Y. , Gule‐Monroe Maria K. , Roberts Dianna , Brahimaj Bledi , Williams Michelle D. , Ferrarotto Renata , Phan Jack , Gunn Brandon , Raza Shaan , DeMonte Franco , Hanna Ehab Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to report outcomes for 19 consecutive patients with SMARCB1 (INI‐1)‐deficient sinonasal carcinoma. Patients were treated from 2014 to 2021 and followed for a median of 22.3 months. The median overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) were 31.8 and 9.9 months, respectively. Patients with nasal cavity or maxillary sinus tumors had 84% better disease‐specific survival (DSS) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.136; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.028‐0.66; p = .005) and 71% better DFS (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.097‐0.84; p = .041) than patients with other sinonasal sites. Patients who received induction chemotherapy were 76% less likely to die of disease (DSS HR, 0.241; 95% CI, 0.058‐1.00; p = .047). In the largest single‐institution study of SMARCB1‐deficient sinonasal carcinoma to date, OS and DFS approached 3 years and 1 year, respectively, but were better for nasal cavity and maxillary sinus tumors. Patients may benefit from induction chemotherapy.
Contradicting Influence of Zn Alloying on Electronic and Thermal Properties of a YbCd2Sb2‐Based Zintl Phase at 700 K
Authors: Kwon Seung‐Hwan , Kim Sang‐il , Shin Weon Ho , Hwang Seong‐Mee , Lee Kiyoung , Seo Won‐Seon , Kim Hyun‐Sik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractZintl compounds are promising thermoelectric materials for power generation as their electronic and thermal transport properties can be simultaneously engineered with anion/cation alloying. Recently, a peak thermoelectric figure‐of‐merit, zT, of 1.4 was achieved in a (Yb0.9Mg0.1)Cd1.2Mg0.4Zn0.4Sb2 Zintl phase at 700 K. Although the effects of alloying Zn in lattice thermal conductivity had been studied thoroughly, how the Zn alloying affects its electronic transport properties has not yet been fully investigated. This study evaluates how the Zn alloying at Cd sites alters the band parameters of (Yb0.9Mg0.1)Cd1.6−xMg0.4ZnxSb2 (x=0‐0.6) using the Single Parabolic Band model at 700 K. The Zn alloying increased the density‐of‐states effective mass (md*) from 0.87 to 0.97 m0. Among Zn‐alloyed samples, the md* of the x=0.4 sample was the lowest (0.93 m0). The Zn alloying decreased the non‐degenerate mobility (μ0) from 71 to 57 cm2 s−1 V−1. Regardless of Zn alloying content, the μ0 of the Zn‐alloyed samples were similar (∼57 cm2 s−1 V−1). Consequently, the x=0.4 with the highest zT exhibited the lowest weighted mobility (μW). The lowest μW represents the lowest theoretical electronic transport properties among other x. The highest zT at x=0.4 despite the lowest μW was explained with a significant lattice thermal conductivity reduction achieved with Zn alloying with x=0.4, which outweighed the deteriorated electronic transport properties also due to the alloying.
Cupulolithiasis: A Critical Reappraisal
Authors: Kalmanson Olivia , Foster Carol A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo review the history and pathophysiologic theories for cupulolithiasis and canalith jam in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.Data SourcesPubMed, Google Scholar.Review MethodsThree PubMed and Google Scholar searches were performed, keywords: “cupulolithiasis,” “apogeotropic [and] benign,” and “canalith jam,” resulting in 187 unique full‐text articles in English or with English translation. Figures—Labyrinthine photographs were obtained of fresh utricles, ampullae, and cupulae of a 37‐day‐old mouse.ConclusionsFreely moving otoconial masses explain most cases (>98%) of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Evidence that otoconia adhere strongly or persistently to the cupula is lacking. Apogeotropic nystagmus in the horizontal canal form is often attributed to cupulolithiasis; however, periampullary canalithiasis explains self‐limited nystagmus, and reversible canalith jam explains prolonged apogeotropic nystagmus. Treatment‐resistant cases can be explained by entrapment of particles in the canals or ampullae, but persistent adherence to the cupula remains theoretical.Implications for PracticeApogeotropic nystagmus is usually due to freely moving particles and should not be used in studies of horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as the sole method to define entrapment or cupulolithiasis. Caloric testing and imaging may help differentiate jam from cupulolithiasis. Treatment for apogeotropic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo should include maneuvers that rotate the head through 270° to fully clear the canal of mobile particles, using mastoid vibration or head shaking if entrapment is suspected. Canal plugging can be used for treatment failures.
The certified child life specialist: A novel resource in the pediatric primary care clinic for managing children's pain during routine immunizations
Authors: Gregory Seth W. , Aul Andrea J. , Lodermeier Tara M. , Rodemeyer Jennifer L. , Weaver Amy L. , Lynch Brian A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of the Certified Child Life Specialist (CCLS) on pediatric pain and pain management during routine immunization administration in the pediatric primary care clinic. Children 4–12 years of age (n = 125) presenting for a well child physical examination at a rural primary care clinic were selected to receive standard nursing care or standard nursing care plus CCLS support during routine immunization administration. Patient reported pain was measured using the Faces Pain Scale‐Revised (FPS‐R), and patient behavioral responses were measured during immunization administration using the Children's Emotional Manifestation Scale (CEMS). The performance of psychosocial interventions and administration of topical pain‐relieving interventions were measured between both groups. CCLS support was associated with fewer negative emotional behaviors during immunization administration among 7‐ to 12‐year‐old children and a significantly higher provision of psychosocial interventions and topical pain‐relieving interventions among all ages. This study demonstrates that the presence of a CCLS can increase the provision of psychosocial and pain‐relieving interventions and reduce distress during immunization administration in a busy pediatric primary care clinic.
Depression, anxiety, and sleep quality of caregivers of children with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Ergenekon Almala Pinar , Gümüş Zeynep , Yegit Cansu Yilmaz , Cenk Muruvvet , Gulieva Aynur , Kalyoncu Mine , Selcuk Merve , Karabulut Seyda , Ozturk Gulten , Eralp Ela Erdem , Unver Olcay , Karadag Bulent , Gokdemir Yasemin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety, depression, sleep, and associated factors in caregivers of children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).Materials and MethodsBeck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐State (STAI‐S), the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐Trait (STAI‐T), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess the anxiety, depression, and sleep quality of the caregivers of children with SMA. Higher scores indicated worse outcome for all three questionnaires.ResultsFifty‐six caregivers of children with SMA were included in the study. Median age of children was 6 (3.2–10) years and mean age of the caregivers was 37.0 ± 6.5 years. Median scores of the BDI, STAI‐S, STAI‐T, and PSQI were 12 (7.2–17), 35.5 (31–44), 40.5 (35–48), and 7.0 (5.0–10.0), respectively. There was a positive correlation between BDI and PSQI scores (p < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the age of the caregivers and PSQI, BDI, STAI‐T scores (p = 0.01, r = −0.341; p = 0.006, r = −0.364; p = 0.003, r = −0.395, respectively). There was a negative correlation between the age of the patients and the PSQI scores of the caregivers (p = 0.01, r = −0.33). There was a negative correlation between BDI scores and household income (p = 0.01, r = −0.34).ConclusionCaregivers of children with SMA had elevated depression and anxiety levels and they also had decreased sleep quality. Economic and social support resources are needed to help caregivers of those children.
Dissecting the structural heterogeneity of proteins by native mass spectrometry
Authors: Reid Deseree J. , Thibert Stephanie , Zhou Mowei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA single gene yields many forms of proteins via combinations of posttranscriptional/posttranslational modifications. Proteins also fold into higher‐order structures and interact with other molecules. The combined molecular diversity leads to the heterogeneity of proteins that manifests as distinct phenotypes. Structural biology has generated vast amounts of data, effectively enabling accurate structural prediction by computational methods. However, structures are often obtained heterologously under homogeneous states in vitro. The lack of native heterogeneity under cellular context creates challenges in precisely connecting the structural data to phenotypes. Mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics methods can profile proteome composition of complex biological samples. Most MS methods follow the “bottom‐up” approach, which denatures and digests proteins into short peptide fragments for ease of detection. Coupled with chemical biology approaches, higher‐order structures can be probed via incorporation of covalent labels on native proteins that are maintained at the peptide level. Alternatively, native MS follows the “top‐down” approach and directly analyzes intact proteins under nondenaturing conditions. Various tandem MS activation methods can dissect the intact proteins for in‐depth structural elucidation. Herein, we review recent native MS applications for characterizing heterogeneous samples, including proteins binding to mixtures of ligands, homo/hetero‐complexes with varying stoichiometry, intrinsically disordered proteins with dynamic conformations, glycoprotein complexes with mixed modification states, and active membrane protein complexes in near‐native membrane environments. We summarize the benefits, challenges, and ongoing developments in native MS, with the hope to demonstrate an emerging technology that complements other tools by filling the knowledge gaps in understanding the molecular heterogeneity of proteins.
Raychaudhuri Equation in K‐essence Geometry: Conditional Singular and Non‐Singular Cosmological Models
Authors: Das Surajit , Panda Arijit , Manna Goutam , Ray Saibal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate how the Raychaudhuri equation behaves in the k‐essence geometry. As far as we are concerned, both the early and current epochs of the universe are relevant to the k‐essence theory. Here, we have studied the k‐essence geometry using the Dirac‐Born‐Infeld (DBI) variety of non‐standard action. The corresponding k‐essence emergent spacetime is not conformally equivalent to the usual gravitational metric. We assume that the background gravitational metric is of the Friedmann‐Lemaitre‐Robertson‐Walker (FLRW) type in this case. We have found that both the conditional singular and non‐singular cosmological models of the universe through the modified Raychaudhuri equation are possible where we have used the spacetime as the flat k‐essence emergent FLRW‐type. We have also addressed the Focusing theorem and conditional caustic universe construction. These conditional effects are caused by the additional interactions that arise as a result of the coupling that exists between gravity and the k‐essence scalar field.
The effect of nuts consumption on circulating oxidized low‐density lipoproteins: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Abbasifard Mitra , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Reiner Željko , Eid Ali H. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated the effect of nuts in decreasing circulating levels of oxidized low‐density lipoproteins (ox‐LDL). A literature search was performed of major electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science) from inception up to November 15th, 2021 to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of different nuts on circulating levels of ox‐LDL. The effect size was determined using standardized mean difference (SMD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Evaluation of funnel plot, Begg's rank correlation, and Egger's weighted regression tests were used to assess the presence of publication bias in the meta‐analysis. This systematic review and meta‐analysis included 15 RCTs involving 997 subjects. Meta‐analysis showed that nuts significantly decreased serum levels of ox‐LDL. Besides, meta‐regression results of the association between confounders such as duration of nuts consumption or delta LDL‐cholesterol and levels of ox‐LDL, were not significant. The correlation between nuts type and ox‐LDL levels was significant in subgroup analyses suggesting the most significant effect of pistachios consumption on reducing the circulating concentrations of ox‐LDL. To conclude, nuts consumption decreases the circulating concentrations of ox‐LDL which might be beneficial for the prevention and/or progression of ASCVD.
Hypergraph regularity and random sampling
Authors: Joos Felix , Kim Jaehoon , Kühn Daniela , Osthus Deryk 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSuppose that a ‐uniform hypergraph satisfies a certain regularity instance (that is, there is a partition of given by the hypergraph regularity lemma into a bounded number of quasirandom subhypergraphs of prescribed densities). We prove that with high probability a large enough uniform random sample of the vertex set of also admits the same regularity instance. Here the crucial feature is that the error term measuring the quasirandomness of the subhypergraphs requires only an arbitrarily small additive correction. This has applications to combinatorial property testing. The graph case of the sampling result was proved by Alon, Fischer, Newman and Shapira.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Carbene Complexesof the Imidazole, Benzimidazole and 1,2,4‐Triazole Series
Authors: Rayenko Gennady F. , Avksentiev Alexandr S. , Saberov Vagiz Sh. , Rusanov Eduard B. , Ryabitsky Alexey B. , Shishkina Svetlana V. , Komarovska‐Porokhnyavets Olena Z. , Lubenets Vira I. , Korotkikh Nikolai I. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNew carbene complexes of copper (I), silver and palladium, including ionic carbene‐phenanthroline complexes, were synthesized on the basis of imidazole, benzimidazole, 1,2,4‐triazole systems with cetyl and aryl including fluorophenyl substituents. The study of the antimicrobial action of the synthesized compounds revealed high antibacterial and antifungal activities of fluoro‐ and phenanthroline‐containing carbene complexes.
Encapsulation of Diiodo‐BODIPY in Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Stabilized Cellulose Acetate Capsules for Enhanced Singlet Oxygen Production in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Demirel Topel Seda 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs drug delivery vehicles, polymeric capsules have become highly versatile structures to protect the active substrate from degradation, improve biocompatibility, and provide controlled release. In particular, encapsulation could become an efficient technique to implement these materials in physiological media if the active substrate is an insoluble compound in an aqueous solution. Herein, an iodinated BODIPY derivative as a photosensitizer (PS) was encapsulated in a cellulose acetate (CA) polymer via a precipitation method with 50.8–71.8 % of encapsulation efficiency to enable the singlet oxygen production (1O2) in aqueous media. The prepared PS/CA capsules were stable for 10 days in PBS buffer with PdI values between 0.264–0.698 and produced 1O2 under 532 nm LED light efficiently. This work discusses the size effects of PS‐loaded CA capsules on stability in solution, photophysical property, encapsulation efficiency, thermal stability, leakage behavior, and PDT activity. Additionally, under different UV light doses, the 1O2 generation of the PS/CA capsules were studied systematically.
Intermolecular interactions of cytosine DNA nucleoside base with Gallic acid and its Methylgallate and Ethylgallate derivatives
Authors: Odey Diana O. , Louis Hitler , Ita Dollars K. , Edet Henry O. , Ashishie Providence B. , Gber Terkumbur E. , Akinterinwa Ayodele , Effa Anagbogu G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract3,4,5‐trihydroxybenzlic acid (gallic acid) and its derivatives exist mostly as secondary metabolites of the phenol family found in plants. Herein, the interaction of gallic acid (GA), methylgallic acid (MGA), ethylgallic acid (EGA) with cytosine (the most reactive part of DNA) has been studied in detail using first principle density functional theory (DFT). Several interaction configurations between the gallic acid and selected derivatives have been investigated using DFT at the M06‐2X/6‐31+G(d,p) theoretical method, topological analysis based on quantum theory of atoms‐in‐molecule (QTAIM), and the noncovalent interaction (NCI) which aid in the understanding of interactions between studied compounds. The results obtained from the interaction energy and energy decomposition analysis (EDA) show that methylgallate (GA) has the largest interaction energy with cytosine, along with the strongest H‐bond interaction and is best suited for drug design due to its lowest value of stabilization energy at the interaction site 1.Similarly, weak interactions were observed between EGA and cytosine of DNA between −0.02 to 0.01 a.u with a sparing trace of H bond with the aid of non‐covalent interaction (NCI). The reactivity of the studied compound depicts GA to be the most reactive. Although gallic acid competes favorably, this study, however, revealed the great potential of its derivatives: EGA and MGA having great potential for drug design. Their applications are vast and mostly hinged on antioxidant properties, especially in the pharmaceutical industry and, hence, form the basis of an effective class of phytomedicines.