bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of augmentation on the performance of double ResNet-based model for chest X-rays classification
Authors: Kloska Anna , Tarczewska Martyna , Giełczyk Agata , Kloska Sylwester Michał , Michalski Adrian 
Published: May 2023

PurposeA pandemic disease elicited by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has become a serious health issue due to infecting millions of people all over the world. Recent publications prove that artificial intelligence (AI) can be used for medical diagnosis purposes, including interpretation of X-ray images. X-ray scanning is relatively cheap, and scan processing is not computationally demanding.Material and methodsIn our experiment a baseline transfer learning schema of processing of lung X-ray images, including augmentation, in order to detect COVID-19 symptoms was implemented. Seven different scenarios of augmentation were proposed. The model was trained on a dataset consisting of more than 30,000 X-ray images.ResultsThe obtained model was evaluated using real images from a Polish hospital, with the use of standard metrics, and it achieved accuracy = 0.9839, precision = 0.9697, recall = 1.0000, and F1-score = 0.9846.ConclusionsOur experiment proved that augmentations and masking could be important steps of data pre-processing and could contribute to improvement of the evaluation metrics. Because medical professionals often tend to lack confidence in AI-based tools, we have designed the proposed model so that its results would be explainable and could play a supporting role for radiology specialists in their work.
EVALUATING LARGE GROUP LECTURES – A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH OUTCOMES
Authors: MUHAMMAD IMRAN HASAN KHAN  , FIZZA ZUBAIR  , USAMA AZHAR  
Published: May 2023

Objective: To evaluate students’ perspectives on large group lectures with a scientific approach of instruction.
Materials and methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Data collected over 4 months with single instructor. Total 300 participant’s response considered. Audience assessed the presentation according to given questionnaire, using likert scale and open comments. Data analyzed on SPSS v23. P value calculated using chi square.
Results: In Cumulative Frequencies, (83%) participants agreed that presentation met expectations. Another (85%) approved that it was presented in a clear and organized manner. From these 240(80%) decided that pre-presentation administration was efficient. Total (47.67%) found scenario discussion most useful. Another (86.7%) decided presentation location appropriate. Total (88.7%) established that session was informative. Another (76.6%) agreed on time allocation. Total (94.67%) wanted similar presentations from other presenters. Another (86%) approved lecture pace. Total (87.7%) agreed to appropriateness of presenter response. Another (12.33%) suggested, to continue similar presentations in future.
Conclusion: We can apply questionnaire on scientific approach to lectures like Gagne's model to ensure an effectual and organized learning. It gave a comprehensive view to the teaching.
KUBANG BALOMBAK: DENDANG SAMPELONG DARI NAGARI TALANG MAUA SEBUAH PROSES TRANSFORMASI BUDAYA
Authors: Dary Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

Tulisan ini membahas tentang salah satu musik tradisi Minangkabau yaitu musik sampelong. Pada dasarnya sampelong merupakan musik tiup (aerophone) yang terbuat dari poriang (salah satu jenis bambu), memiliki panjang berkisar 30-66 cm, berdiameter 4-6 cm dan memiliki lubang nada sebanyak 4 buah. Dalam perjalanannya, musik sampelong mengalami transformasi. Proses transformasi ini tidak terjadi secara kebetulan, kondisi zaman dengan mendunianya berbagai aspek kebudayaan mendorong terjadinya proses perpaduan budaya, sehingga sampelong tidak hanya disajikan sebagai musik tradisi saja, akan tetapi juga disajikan sebagai bagian dari musik pop Minang, yaitu dengan diangkatnya lagu sampelong yang berjudul Kubang Balombak ke dalam beberapa buah album dalam lagu pop Minang. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses transformasi yang terjadi dalam musik sampelong. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif, sedangkan pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah antropologis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan terutama melalui studi pustaka, melalui teknik ini maka hasil dari penelitian diharapkan dapat diketahui proses transfromasi yang terjadi dan faktor-faktor pendorong transformasi tersebut.
PROTOTYPE ALAT PEMANTAUAN DAN PENGENDALIAN SUHU RUANGAN SARANG WALET BERBASIS NODEMCU
Authors: Husdi Husdi , Mohamad Galih Sayoga 
Published: May 2023

Swallow is a type of bird widely cultivated to produce nests. In general, swallows like places with certain temperatures as nesting habitats. Stable temperature and humidity conditions can help produce high-quality swallow nests for a better and higher price. The perfect shape and color of the nest are affected by an ideal temperature of 26-29ºC and humidity of 80-90%. The unstable temperature and humidity will reduce the quality of the swallow's nest. The stability of temperature and humidity of the room greatly affects the quality of the swallow's nest. The prototype of monitoring and controlling the temperature of swallow nests is designed to make it easier for farmers to control it regularly. The results of this study are expected to make it easier for farmers not to waste too much time taking care of the swallow's house
Impact of Innovation on Productivity and Efficiency: Evidence from the Textile Industry of Pakistan
Authors: Ali Qasim , Anwar Sofia , Makhdum Muhammad Sohail Amjad , Yaseen Muhammad Rizwan 
Published: May 2023

Being ranked 4th in the production of cotton, Pakistan's Textile industry makes up one-fourth of industrial output and generates employment for about 40 percent of the industrial labor force. Having 60 percent of total export, textile export has been declining in Pakistan since 2013-14. Therefore, this study explored the impact of innovation on productivity and efficiency in the textile industry in Faisalabad and Lahore, Pakistan. These two districts together contribute 47.8 % of the total textile firms of Punjab, Pakistan. The Stochastic Frontier Analysis has been used on data taken from 193 textile firms by random sampling. The ownership of the firms has key importance in reducing the firms' inefficiency. The lesser the liabilities, the more likely it is for the firm to take the risk, apply new ideas, and adopt innovation. Employing skilled labor in their work facility increases the likelihood of efficiency. The results show a positive relationship between efficiency and all types of innovation. While Research and development expenditure also has a positive effect on productivity as well as efficiency. Workers' training also enhances the productivity of firms, so government should facilitate the firms for workers' training and R&D expenditure.
Jinekolojik Muayene Sırasında Kadınların Yaşadığı Utangaçlık Düzeyi ve İlişkili Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: TANDOĞAN Özden , MECDİ KAYDIRAK Meltem , DOĞAN Bahar 
Published: May 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmada kadınların jinekolojik muayene sırasında yaşadıkları utangaçlık düzeyleri ve ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı ilişki arayıcı tasarımda 05 Aralık 2021 – 05 Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında bir devlet hastanesinin Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Polikliniği’nde yürütüldü. Araştırma örnekleminin belirlenmesinde evreni bilinen örneklem yöntemi kullanıldı. Araştırma örneklemine; araştırma kriterine uyan 322 kadın basit rastgele yöntem ile alındı. Araştırma verileri; Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Utangaçlık Ölçeği kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle araştırmacılar tarafından toplandı.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların yaş ortalaması 36,70±12,49, %26,50’si nullipar/hiç gebe kalmamış ve %24,72’si bekardır. Kadınların Utangaçlık Ölçek puan ortalaması 46,04±16,26’dır. Kadınların utangaçlık düzeyinin eğitim düzeyi (p= 0,033), gelir düzeyi (p= 0,008) ve çalışma durumu (p= 0,044) ile ilişkili olduğu belirlendi. Jinekolojik muayene esnasında kadınların hissettiği korku (p= 0,009), kullanılan aletlerin bilinmemesi/rahatsız edici olması (p= 0,020) ve genital bölgenin açıkta kalması (p
Hazards of Setting up a Microenterprise
Authors: Ojha Poonam 
Published: May 2023

The generation of new jobs and general economic well-being depends on the success of the nation's small enterprises . A staggering 88% of all firms in the American economy were micro-enterprises in 2008. (Association for Enterprise Opportunity, 2010). In Europe, small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) account for more than 99 %of all businesses, with 90 percent of those categorized as micro companies.
The fact that 53% of all employment on the continent are provided by these small businesses speaks volumes about their significance (Bushfeld, Dilger 2011). There has been an uptick in studies and focus on the internal and external factors influencing the expansion and success of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) (Street and Cameron, 2007). Notwithstanding the fact that most SMEs are micro enterprises, experts have said that empirical data on what affects micro company development have been disregarded (Heshmati, 2001). This prompted the study's authors to wonder whether there is a knowledge vacuum in this area or if the difficulties faced by micro companies are different from those faced by SMEs.
CHINA'S FOREIGN POLICY SHIFT FROM BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE TO GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE: IMPACTS ON MARITIME GEOPOLITICS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN REGION
Authors: Khan Maliha Zeba , Altaf Zohaib 
Published: May 2023

China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is the foreign policy strategy that has changed world politics. It has compelled states to revisit their foreign policies either in favour of BRI or countering it. BRI has created a difficult situation for international power structure and status quo states due to transitioning power from west to east and emerging geopolitical reconfiguration. However, in September 2021, President Xi Jinping announced China's Global Development Initiative (GDI) at the opening session of the UN General Assembly, which renewed debate about the impacts of China's strategy. As China has a strong foothold in the Indian Ocean region through BRI, the undertaken research is an endeavour to study the effect of shifting China's foreign policy from BRI to GDI over the maritime geopolitics of the region. This research aims at determining GDI's role in supporting UN Agenda 2030 through focused efforts on sustainable development goals in the maritime domain. It is an exploratory and qualitative research conducted through deductive reasoning to seek an explanation of the core proposition. This research has used secondary sources for determining these upshots with potential changes in the maritime geopolitics of the Indian Ocean region. Bibliography Entry Khan, Maliha Zeba, and Zohaib Altaf. 2022. "China's Foreign Policy Shift from Belt and Road Initiative to Global Development Initiative: Impacts on Maritime Geopolitics of the Indian Ocean Region." Margalla Papers 26 (2): 14-27.
TRANS ORAL ENDOSCOPIC THYROIDECTOMY VESTIBULAR APPROACH (TOETVA), CASE SERIES OF THE FIRST CLINICAL EXPERIENCE FROM PAKISTAN
Authors: Iqra Zakir  , Ahmad Nawaz  
Published: May 2023

Background: The objective of the study to assess the workability and cosmetic outcome of endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) and share results of underdeveloped country with the world about their first clinical experience. Methods: We performed TOETVA in 3 patients presenting with thyroid nodules in our hospital, between October 2020 and December 2020 at Liaquat National hospital. Three-port technique was used, one 10-mm port for camera and two 5-mm ports for working. All ports were passed through oral vestibule. The demographic data of the patients and surgical outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. The surgery was completed successfully in all 3 patients. The operative time was between 120-150 mins. Results: No complications such as recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, mental nerve injury or parathyroid gland injury damage occurred in patients postoperatively. No visible scarring occurred in the patients postoperatively. Patients remain stable after surgery and got discharged next day. No complications were noted in 6 months follow up. Conclusion: TOETVA is safe, feasible, effective and scar free option as compared to conventional thyroid surgery.
FREQUENCY OF STONE CLEARANCE AFTER TRANSURETHRAL FRAGMENTATION OF LARGE URINARY BLADDER CALCULI USING PNEUMATIC SWISS LITHOCLAST
Authors: Shawana Asad  , Bilawal Gul  , Mir Jalal-ud-din  , Sher Ali Khan  , Rabeeha Bashir  , Hina Rafaqat  
Published: May 2023

Background: Vesical calculi refer to stones in the urinary bladder. The causes of bladder stones include bladder outlet obstruction, neurogenic voiding dysfunction, infection, or foreign bodies. Very rarely, these vesical calculi may reach very large sizes and the largest dimension can sometimes reach 13 centimeters. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 1ST May 2019 to 31st October, 2019 at Institute of Kidney Diseases, Urology Department, Hayatabad Peshawar. 164 patients with vesical stone were included in study. Ultrasound-KUB was used for diagnosis of vesical stone and after informed consent, and they underwent transurethral nephroscopic lithotripsy via the pneumatic Swiss Lithoclast. Results: Frequency of stone clearance was 96.34%. No statistically significant association of stone clearance was observed with age, gender, number of stones or max dimension of largest stone in the bladder (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Transurethral nephroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy via pneumatic Swiss Lithoclast is safe and effective procedure for treatment of large vesical stones. However, this being the first such study in adults, more data is needed to confirm these findings.
RENAL TUMOURS OF NON-CLEAR CELL HISTOLOGY, 10 YEARS' EXPERIENCE IN A SPECIALIZED CENTRE
Authors: Masood Yasir , Adnan Siddique , Fiaz Shaukat , Sheheryar Hanif  , Cheema Zubair Ahmad , `Mir Khurram 
Published: May 2023

Background: Non-clear cell renal cell carcinomas are uncommon renal tumours with diverse histologically and genetically defined entities. Due to limited clinical outcomes data, no standardized management approach can be offered to these patients. This study aimed to analyse outcomes of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma after surgical resection of localized renal tumours in our population. Methods: Patients with renal tumours who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy at the department of urology, from January 2010 to December 2019 were identified and evaluated, in terms of prevalence, presentation, recurrence, and survival outcome. Results: Non-clear cell tumours were found in one-fourth of the total number of nephrectomies performed during this period for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The mean age was 50.48±14.76 years (range 18-89 years) with 57% being of the male gender. The predominant types were chromophobe RCC, papillary RCC, and sarcomatoid RCC, in all non-clear cell renal tumours. Mean Recurrence Free Survival (RFS) for all tumours was 75.26±2.7 months. The projected 5 years RFS of papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC and sarcomatoid RCC were 94.2%, 84.3% and 62.5% respectively. Conclusion: RCC of non-clear-cell histology depicts excellent survival in patients with localized renal tumours. Furthermore, sarcomatoid RCC has worse recurrence free survival followed by chromophobe RCC and papillary RCC, in our population subset.
FREQUENCY OF PRIMIGRAVIDA IN PATIENTS WITH ECLAMPSIA
Authors: Faiza  , Ruqqia Sultana  , Jawaris Batool  , Shah Khalid  , Abdul  Majid Khan  
Published: May 2023

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) occurs in about 5% of pregnancies and is a major cause of high perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. In several international studies, primigravidas were associated with a significantly higher incidence of eclampsia. The local studies so far have a small sample size and mainly focus on preeclampsia in all pregnant women. limited data is available on the frequency of eclampsia in primigravidas in our population. This study aims to determine the frequency of primigravidas in patients with eclampsia after 20 weeks of gestation. Methods: This descriptive Cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from 7/10/2020 to 7/4/2021. A total of 134 patients were observed. Diagnosis of eclampsia was based upon obstetrical history, presence of fits or coma, raised blood pressure and presence of proteinuria on urine complete examination. Immediate management included stabilizing the patient and delivery by Induction of labour or Caesarean section. The guardians of the patients explained the purpose and the benefits of the study and informed written consent was taken. Results: Our study shows that among 134 patients, 96(72%) patients were in the age range of 18-27 years while 38 (28%) patients were in the age range of 28-35 years. The mean age was 30 years with SD±10.94. Eighty-two (61%) patients had a POG range ‰¤34 weeks while 52 (39%) patients had a POG range >34 weeks. Forty-eight (36%) patients had BMI <27 Kg/m2 while 86 (64%) patients had BMI >27 Kg/m2. Fifty-six (42%) patients had a positive history of hypertension while 78(58%) patients had a negative history of hypertension. Out of 134 patients 102(76%) were primigravidas while 32(24%) were multigravidas. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the frequency of primigravidas was 76% in patients with eclampsia after 20 weeks of gestation presenting at tertiary care hospital Abbottabad.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa di Sekolah
Authors: Akhiruddin  , Khairil Ikhsan  , Hasnah  , Mardiah  , Nursia  
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar sosiologi siswa kelas XI SMAN 16 Makassar di Sekolah. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari dua siklus dengan 4 tahapan, yaitu: perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi di kelas XI SMAN I6 Makassar dengan jumlah siswa 21 orang. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah Observasi, Data tes hasil belajar dan Angket. Sedangkan Teknik Analisis Data yaitu data hasil belajar siswa berupa tes akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan skor yang berdasarkan penilaian acuan patokan, dihitung berdasarkan skor maksimal yang mungkin dicapai oleh siswa.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian tindakan kelas dari siklus I sampai siklus II maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar Sosiologi setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 16 Makassar. Adapun penelitian tindakan kelas yaitu hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari nilai rata-rata siswa pada siklus I sebesar 77,61 dengan persentase 71,4% mengalami kenaikan hasil belajar pada siklus II sebesar 3,96 dengan nilai rata-rata siswa mencapai 81,57 dengan presentasi ketuntasan sebesar 80,95%. Keseluruhan hasil penelitian di atas menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Sosiologi mengalami peningkatan dan telah mencapai rata-rata indikator capaian minimal sebesar 75%.
Jual Beli Lelang Berbasis Kearifan Lokal (Studi Desa Luat Lombang, Kecamatan Sipirok)
Authors: Tambunan Jannus 
Published: May 2023

Sale and Purchase of Local Wisdom Based Wisdom (Study of Luat Lombang Village, Sipirok District) This article reviews the models of auction buying and selling in Luat Lombang Village community. For these people, buying and selling auction is no longer seen solely as a provision determined by religion, but has become a habit and need in community life.
The approach method used in this article is the empirical juridical approach method, namely research on the effectiveness of law by studying legal regulations which are then linked to data and behavior that lives and develops in the midst of society.
So the results of the study show that: First, the factors still carrying out the sale and purchase of auctions in the community of Luat Lombang Village, Sipirok District, because it has become a custom. Second, the sale and purchase of auctions to the public is done in cash, real and clear. Third, the legality of the implementation of buying and selling based on Islamic law in the community of Luat Lombang Village, Sipirok Subdistrict, is legal because it has fulfilled the legal requirements for the sale and purchase agreement and there are benefits for the buyer and the whole community can benefit from the sale of the auction.
AKAD GADAI TANAH PADA MASYARAKAT DESA CANDI KAB. SUMENEP DITINJAU DARI PRESPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Akhyar  
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In everyday life there are several forms of land pawning / rice fields that are often carried out by our society. As was done by the people of Candi Village, Dungkek. Regency of Sumenep when wanted to pawn their land / rice fields because of economic problems. However, for whatever the reason, very application of muamalah activities held should not contrary with Islamic law. The purpose of this study is to find out how the pawn system is usually done by people of Candi, Dungkek, Regency of Sumenep is viewed by the perspective of Islamic law. This research uses descriptive qualitative method of analysis. The results of this study are the practice of the pawn that occured in Candi Village can be described as that A as a person who wants to provide land came to the B with the intention to borrow money. In the transaction, A gives land (paddy / garden) as collateral for the debt. However, the agreement did not determined who would manage the land. Although in reality the person who managed the land is B, besides B is entitled to take all the benefits resulted from the collateral land, there is also no provision between the two parties about the time period of the pawn, so the pawn recipient will return the pawn land until the owner paying the debt off. Viewed from the perspective of Islamic law, the land pawn contract carried out by the people of Candi Village, Dungkek Sub district, regency of Sumenep, in the terms of the availability of pillars and pawning conditions, is valid in accordance with the provisions of Islamic law, although it still needs improvement, especially clarity in the management and safe keeping of collateral items (marhun). because there is indication of over-exploitation by Murtahin and there is not the clarity of the time of the Pawn, and this resulted in losses to the Rahin.
Penerapan Maqāṣid asy-Syarīah Dalam Kegiatan Produksi Dalam Pandangan Al-Qaradhawi
Authors: Ainiah  
Published: May 2023

Abstrak
Kegiatan produksi merupakan salah satu sarana untuk memenuhi satu aspek dari aḍ-ḍarūriyyāt al-khamsah yaitu perlindungan harta (ḥifẓul-māl). Perhatian terhadap perlindungan harta (ḥifẓul-māl) tidak dapat disepelekan karena sangat menunjang untuk terpenuhi aḍ-ḍarūriyyāt yang lain dari maqāṣid asy-syarīah. Dengan demikian, dalam penerapan produksi perlu ditelusuri nilai-nilai syariah sehingga tercapai maqāṣid asy-syarīah yang sesuai harapan. Penelitian ini akan menelusuri penerapan maqāṣid asy-syarīah yang dirumuskan oleh Al-Qaradhawi dalam kegiatan produksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kepustakaan dari pemikiran tokoh Al-Qaradhawi dengan sumber utama kitab Maqashid asy-Syariah al-Muta’alliqah bi al-Mal. Hasil penelitian dikelompokkan dalam dua sudut maqāṣid asy-syarīah yaitu jalbul masālih (menggapai kemaslahatan) dan dar`ul mafāsid (mencegah keburukan). Dari segi jalbul masālih (menggapai kemaslahatan), Al-Qaradhawi memuliakan segala jenis profesi, memastikan ke-masyru’iyyah-an proses dan kelanjutan produksi, mencapai dua tujuan utama produksi serta mengadakan koordinasi negara dan produsen. Dari segi dar`ul mafāsid (mencegah keburukan), Al-Qaradhawi menegaskan larangan memproduksi hal-hal yang haram serta berbahaya