bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blueprint of ethics content in undergraduate education: A workshop-research study
Authors: Chiappinotto Stefania , Galazzi Alessandro , Papastavrou Evridiki , Igoumenidis Michael , Cabe Catherine Mc , Gastmans Chris , Wiisak Johanna , Stolt Minna , Suhonen Riitta , Palese Alvisa 
Published: January 2025

Background Ethics is a fundamental component of nursing education to increase students’ moral competence and moral reasoning abilities. However, the core ethics content that should be included in undergraduate education has not been established to date at the international level. Aim To identify the core contents required in formal undergraduate education to ensure morally competent nurses. Research Design An international workshop-research study design in 2023 reported here according to the COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research. Participants and Research Context Five countries in the context of Promoting a Morally Competent Nurse project participated. In each country, two workshops took place, one with nurse professionals and one with patients’ representatives for a total of 58 individuals (32 and 26, respectively). After being translated into English language, data were categorized deductively. The Dublin Learning Outcomes Descriptors and the blueprint methodology were applied. Ethical Considerations The research protocol was ethically approved in every country where the study was performed. Results A total of 59 core content elements emerged, with ‘ethics of individualized/tailored/patient-centred care’ ( n = 8) and ‘empathy’ ( n = 6) as the most suggested. Nearly half ( n = 26) of the core content items suggested were reported only once (e.g. ‘priority setting’) while overall several referred to ‘communication skills’ ( n = 17). A diverse richness across countries emerged, with some suggesting a few items, and others providing several. Similarly, professionals and patients in most countries agreed that some contents of individualized care, empathy and responsibility should be taught in nursing education, but several core contents were mentioned by only one group of participants and in one country. Conclusion The lack of convergence on core content to be taught suggests that different views are still present. Merging these perspectives may stimulate a reciprocal understanding between professionals and patients, as well as across countries, and support the identification of commonalities and differences to further harmonize undergraduate education in the field.
Exploring the Needs of Young People Born With Cleft Lip and/or Palate Approaching End of Routine Care, in the UK
Authors: Davies Julie , Davidson Elaine , Harding Sam , Wren Yvonne , Southby Lucy 
Published: January 2025

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the needs of young people, aged 16 to 20 years, born with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) approaching end of routine care, in the United Kingdom (UK). Design Nominal group technique was used during 2 online focus groups to identify priorities for cleft care at transition to adult care. Focus group discussions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Participants Ten young people born with CL/P, 8 aged 18 to 20 years and 2 aged 16 to 17 years were recruited via the UK-based cleft charity, the Cleft Lip and Palate Association (CLAPA). Results Three themes were identified from the analysis: Theme 1—Psychological well-being is not a constant. Theme 2—Asking and listening—the cleft clinic appointment. Theme 3—Approaching end of routine care and re-accessing cleft services. Conclusions Findings suggest that young people have ongoing needs in older adolescence. Psychological well-being, taking control of their own treatment and re-accessing the cleft team were highlighted as particular issues. Whilst further research with a larger and more representative sample is needed, these results support the need for continued access to and provision from the cleft team at this age.
Opicapone for Parkinson's disease-related sleep disturbances: The OASIS clinical trial
Authors: Ferreira Joaquim J , Gago Miguel F , Costa Raquel , Fonseca Miguel M , Almeida Joana , Rocha José Francisco , Holenz Joerg , Trenkwalder Claudia 
Published: January 2025

Background While sleep disturbances are among the most frequent non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), there is a lack of evidence to support its treatment. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of opicapone 50 mg in treating sleep disturbances in patients with PD and end-of-dose motor fluctuations. Methods OASIS was an exploratory, open-label, single-arm clinical trial in PD patients with end-of-dose motor fluctuations and associated sleep disturbances. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to week 6 in Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale 2 (PDSS-2). Secondary endpoints included functional motor and non-motor assessments (Movement Disorder Society [MDS]-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS], MDS-Non-motor Scale [NMS], 8-item PD Questionnaire [PDQ-8], 16-item PD Fatigue Scale [PFS-16], ON/OFF home diary), Clinical and Patient Global Impression of Change (CGI-C; PGI-C) and adverse events. Results At week 6, there was a significant reduction of −7.9 points (95%CI −13.6, −2.2; p = 0.0099) in PDSS-2 total score, with a significant mean change of −4.7 in the PDSS-2 domain of disturbed sleep (95%CI: −7.2, −2.3; p = 0.0009). Significant reductions were also observed in PFS-16 (−9.6; p = 0.0211), MDS-NMS total score (−28.9; p = 0.0015), MDS-UPDRS-III (−6.3; p = 0.0253), MDS-UPDRS-IV (−1.2; p = 0.0044) and PDQ-8 (−14.2; p = 0.0051). Absolute OFF-time was reduced (−142.1 min). Most patients (93.3%) and most clinicians (80.0%) reported improvements on PGI-C and CGI-C, respectively. Opicapone was well tolerated. Conclusions Adding opicapone 50 mg to levodopa/DDCI therapy in patients with PD and motor fluctuations and sleep disturbances improved both sleep disturbances and OFF time in these patients.
Association of Preoperative Walking Speed With 1-Year Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Jan Kyleen , Alvero Alexander B. , Vogel Michael J. , Wright-Chisem Joshua , Zhu David , Nho Shane J. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Previous studies have identified demographic, radiographic, and intraoperative predictors of outcomes after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, yet few studies have identified whether preoperative gait metrics can predict outcomes. Hypothesis: Increased preoperative step count, walking speed, step length, and gait symmetry will be associated with better outcomes after surgery. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Patients who underwent hip arthroscopy between 2019 and 2022 and downloaded the smartphone app rHip, allowing for retroactive access of gait metric data, were identified. Preoperative gait metrics, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and exercise participation were analyzed via multivariate stepwise linear regression for a relationship with 1-year postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs), including Hip Outcome Scale-Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL); HOS-Sports Subscale (HOS-SS), and 12-item international Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12). Thresholds for preoperative gait metrics were analyzed via receiver operator characteristic curve. A subgroup analysis was performed to compare those who did and did not reach this threshold. Results: A total of 43 patients (86% female; age, 33.1 ± 13.7 years; BMI, 23.9 ± 4.4 kg/m2) met inclusion criteria. Multivariate regression found that preoperative walking speed was significantly associated with postoperative HOS-ADL, HOS-SS, and iHOT-12 ( P ≤ .01). A preoperative walking speed threshold of 1.065 m/s was predictive of outcome achievement. Those who failed to achieve this threshold were significantly older, of greater BMI, and less active ( P ≤ .04). They also showed significantly worse 1-year postoperative scores ( P ≤ .02) and lower PASS achievement for HOS-ADL, HOS-SS, and iHOT-12 ( P ≤ .04). Conclusion: Preoperative walking speed is significantly associated with 1-year outcomes after hip arthroscopy. Patients who averaged <1.065 m/s show significantly worse outcomes after surgery. Clinical Relevance: Assessment of preoperative walking speed may allow physicians to better counsel patients regarding expected outcomes after hip arthroscopy.
Do you have depression? A summative content analysis of mental health-related content on TikTok
Authors: Turuba Roxanne , Zenone Marco , Srivastava Raman , Stea Jonathan , Quintana Yuri , Ow Nikki , Marchand Kirsten , Kwan Amanda , Ong Anna-Joy , Ding Xiaoxu , Warren Cassia , Marcon Alessandro R , Henderson Jo , Mathias Steve , Barbic Skye 
Published: January 2025

Background TikTok is a global social media platform with over 1 billion active users. Presently, there are few data on how TikTok users navigate the platform for mental health purposes and the content they view. Objective This study aims to understand the patterns of mental health-related content on TikTok and assesses the accuracy and quality of the advice and information provided. Methods We performed a summative content analysis on the top 1000 TikTok videos with the hashtag #mentalhealth between October 12 and 16, 2021. Six content themes were developed to code the data: (1) a personal story, perspective, or confessional, (2) advice and information, (3) emoting, (4) references to death, (5) references to science or research, and (6) a product or service for sale. Advice and information were further assessed by clinical experts. Results A total of 970 mental health-related videos were pulled for our analysis ( n = 30 removed due to non-English content). The most prevalent content themes included a personal story, perspective, or confessional ( n = 574), advice and information ( n = 319), emoting ( n = 198), references to death ( n = 128). Advice and information were considered misleading in 33.0% of videos ( n = 106), with misleading content performing better. Few videos included references to scientific evidence or research ( n = 37). Conclusion Healthcare practitioners and researchers may consider increasing their presence on the platform to promote the dissemination of evidence-based information to a wider and more youth-targeted population. Interventions to reduce the amount of misinformation on the platform and increase people's ability to discern between anecdotal and evidence-based information are also warranted.
Comparative study of imputation strategies to improve the sarcopenia prediction task
Authors: Karimov Shakhzod , Turimov Dilmurod , Kim Wooseong , Kim Jiyoun 
Published: January 2025

Objective Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, poses significant challenges in research due to missing data. Incomplete datasets undermine the accuracy and reliability of studies, necessitating effective imputation techniques. This study conducts a comparative analysis of three advanced methods—multiple imputation by chained equations (MICE), support vector regression, and K-nearest neighbors (KNN)—to address data completeness issues in sarcopenia research. Methods Following imputation, we utilized machine learning models, including logistic regression, gradient boosting, support vector machine, and random forest, to classify sarcopenia. The methodology encompassed rigorous data preprocessing, normalization, and the synthetic minority oversampling technique to address class imbalance and ensure unbiased model performance. Results The results revealed substantial variations in model accuracy based on the imputation method employed. The gradient boosting model consistently exhibited superior performance across all imputation strategies, demonstrating its robustness with imputed datasets. Additionally, KNN and MICE emerged as effective imputation techniques, preserving the original data distribution and enabling more accurate classification outcomes. Conclusion This study underscores the pivotal role of imputation methods in maintaining data integrity and enhancing predictive accuracy in sarcopenia research. The gradient boosting model's reliability across all strategies highlights its potential as a robust classifier, while the suitability of KNN and MICE for preserving data distribution supports their application in similar research contexts. These findings contribute to more reliable and valid insights in sarcopenia studies, ultimately supporting improved clinical outcomes.
Microstructure and thermal conductivity of short carbon fiber/Al composites with nickel-coated carbon fibers consolidated by vacuum hot pressing for electronic packaging applications
Authors: Liu Tingting , He Xinbo , Zhang Lin , Ren Shubin , Qu Xuanhui 
Published: January 2025

Short carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites exhibit suitable thermal conductivity and desirable coefficient of thermal expansion for electronic packaging applications. The interfacial bonding characteristics between carbon fibers and aluminum matrix play a crucial role in determining the performance of the composites. In the present study, the surface modification of carbon fibers and optimization of fabrication processing parameters were used to ameliorate the interface bonding and improve the properties of carbon fiber/Al composites. The electroless plating method was employed to deposit a nickel coating on the surface of carbon fibers. Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with 20∼50 vol.% uncoated or nickel-coated carbon fibers were fabricated by vacuum hot pressing technique. The microstructures, interface structures, relative density and thermal conductivity of the composites were systematically investigated. The results indicated that carbon fiber/Al composites with relatively high density of 98.9% and acceptable thermal conductivity of 218.1 W·m−1 K−1, as potential candidates for electronic packaging applications, were successfully fabricated. Through the application of nickel coating, the interfacial thermal resistance was effectively reduced by one order of magnitude derived from the experimental calculations using Maxwell-Garnett effective medium approach as a result of improved interface bonding.
A case study in statistical software development for advanced evidence synthesis: the combined value of analysts and research software engineers
Authors: Bradbury Naomi , Morris Tom , Nevill Clareece , Nevill Janion , Field Ryan , Freeman Suzanne , Cooper Nicola , Sutton Alex 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Since 2015, the Complex Reviews Synthesis Unit (CRSU) has developed a suite of web-based applications (apps) that conduct complex evidence synthesis meta-analyses through point-and-click interfaces. This has been achieved in the R programming language by combining existing R packages that conduct meta-analysis with the shiny web-application package. The CRSU apps have evolved from two short-term student projects into a suite of eight apps that are used for more than 3,000 h per month.

Aim
Here, we present our experience of developing production grade web-apps from the point-of-view of individuals trained primarily as statisticians rather than software developers in the hopes of encouraging and inspiring other groups to develop valuable open-source statistical software whilst also learning from our experiences.

Key challenges
We discuss how we have addressed challenges to research software development such as responding to feedback from our real-world users to improve the CRSU apps, the implementation of software engineering principles into our app development process and gaining recognition for non-traditional research work within the academic environment.

Future developments
The CRSU continues to seek funding opportunities both to maintain and further develop our shiny apps. We aim to increase our user base by implementing new features within the apps and building links with other groups developing complementary evidence synthesis tools.
The CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with T lymphocyte functions in long-term virally suppressed patients with HIV
Authors: Xiao Qing , Yu Fengting , Yan Liting , Lao Xiaojie , Liang Xuelei , Zhao Hongxin , Zhai Liuyue , Yang Zailin , Zhang Xiaomei , Liu Yao , Zhang Fujie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Long-term management of people living with HIV (PLWHs) often relies on CD4+ T cell counts for assessing immune recovery, yet a single metric offers limited information. This study aimed to explore the association between the CD4/CD8 ratio and T lymphocyte activities in PLWHs.

Methods
125 PLWHs and 31 HIV-uninfected controls (UCs) were enrolled and categorized into four groups based on their CD4/CD8 ratios: extremely low ratio (ELR) group: 0.4 < CD4/CD8; low ratio (LR) group: 0.4 ≤ CD4/CD8<0.7; medium ratio (MR) group: 0.7 ≤ CD4/CD8<1; high ratio (HR) group: CD4/CD8 ≥ 1. The activation and proliferation phenotypes, mitochondrial functions, and inflammatory indexes of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were measured, and correlations between the CD4/CD8 ratio and T cell functions were analyzed.

Results
T cell activation and proliferation were significantly elevated in the ELR group compared to UCs. However, the ELR group had a larger proportion of T cells with lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) abnormalities compared to the other groups. As the CD4/CD8 ratio increased, mitochondrial lipid peroxidation damage decreased and MMP was restored. Additionally, the ELR group had more inflammatory markers in CD4+ T cells. Correlation analysis revealed that the CD4/CD8 ratio was associated with multiple T cell functions, and its correlation coefficient with mitochondrial function was higher than that of CD4+ T cell count.

Conclusion
The CD4/CD8 ratio is closely related to T lymphocyte functions and is significantly superior to the CD4+ T cell count in reflecting the mitochondrial lipid peroxidation level and mitochondrial functions within T lymphocytes.
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease in children: a single-center retrospective analysis
Authors: Du Junye , Yao Jiafeng , Ma Honghao , Li Li , Wei Ang , Zhang Liping , Wang Dong , Li Zhigang , Zhang Rui , Wang Tianyou 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the clinical features, pathological phenotype, treatment and prognosis of idiopathic multicenter Castleman disease (iMCD)in children.

Methods
From January 2017 to September 2023, basic information, laboratory tests, treatment and prognosis of children diagnosed with iMCD who attended Beijing Children's Hospital of Capital Medical University were collected.

Results
A total of 9 children were enrolled, with a median age of onset of median 11 (2–15) years, 6 males and 3 female. 3 cases were pathologically typed as plasma cell type, 1 case was mixed type, and the remaining 5 cases were hyaline vascular type. 9 children received different regimens of chemotherapy. The median follow-up time was 26 (13, 58) months, with no deaths, 7/9 cases showing improvement, 1/9 cases showing stable condition, and 1/9 cases showing active condition.

Conclusion
Children with multicentric CD often have systemic symptoms, lymph node enlargement and related compression symptoms are the most common manifestations, followed by fever, malaise and other systemic symptoms. Anti-IL-6-based therapy combined with hormones lenalidomide and other medications have a specific therapeutic effect on multicentric CD.
Prognostic impact of psychoeducation program completion on inpatients with schizophrenia: a pilot cohort study
Authors: Noguchi Hiroki , Tarutani Seiichiro , Takei Yoshiki , Matsumoto Koichi , Okamura Takehiko , Yoneda Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Psychoeducation programs can reduce the risk of recurrence and readmission in patients with schizophrenia. However, almost all previous studies of program efficacy have included only patients completing the program, which may not be possible in all cases. The objective of this pilot cohort study was to compare the prognoses of inpatients with schizophrenia who did or did not complete a well-established institutional psychoeducation program.

Methods
This study is a pilot cohort study, and the participants were 32 inpatients in the psychiatric acute care ward. Among these patients, 18 completed the institutional psychoeducation program by discharge, whereas 14 missed one or more sessions for various reasons. The primary outcome was the duration of outpatient treatment (DOT) during the 5-year follow-up period, and the secondary outcomes were comparisons of the risk of all-cause discontinuation for outpatient treatment and correlations between the program participation rates and DOT.

Results
DOT was significantly longer in the program completion group than in the noncompletion group (918.2 (174.3) days vs. 225.5 (35.7) days, p = 0.001), and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that program noncompliance was associated with a 4.450-fold (p = 0.002) greater risk of discontinuation of outpatient treatment according to multivariate analysis. A significant weak correlation was found for DOT and rates of sessions admitted to the programme (Pearson's r = 0.384, p = 0.030).

Conclusions
Completion of a psychoeducation program could enhanced the success of outpatient treatment. As psychoeducation and related factors may have a positive effect of the prognosis after discharge, inpatient psychoeducation programs should be flexible enough to provide opportunities for completion.