bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo flow cytometry reveals an anti‐metastatic effect of Rujifang in triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Fuli , Li Hongliang , Lin Xuan , Zhu Xi , Chen Xuezhang , Wang Bin , Zhu Zhixia , Chen Xikang , Liang Guiwen , Zhang Jingtao , Wei Xunbin , Tian Huaqin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer, and triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the highest metastasis and mortality rate among all breast cancer subtypes. Rujifang is a traditional Chinese medicine formula with many years of clinical application in breast cancer treatment. Here, we aim to investigate the effects of Rujifang on circulating tumor cell (CTC) dynamics and the tumor microenvironment in a ZsGreen/luciferase double‐labeled TNBC orthotopic model. We report that the number of CTCs monitored by in vivo flow cytometry (IVFC) strongly correlates with disease progression. Rujifang treatment decreased the number of CTCs and suppressed the distant metastasis of TNBC. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Rujifang treatment could affect the tumor microenvironment by downregulating Kindlin‐1, which has been reported to promote metastasis of TNBC. Our study provides evidence of the anti‐metastatic effect of Rujifang against TNBC in an animal model using fluorescent cell lines. The results suggest the potential therapeutic value of Rujifang as an anti‐metastatic drug, however, further clinical trials are needed to validate these findings in humans.
Plexina4 and cell survival in the developing zebrafish hindbrain
Authors: Nurcombe Zachary W. , Hehr Carrie Lynn , McFarlane Sarah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundGrowth factors are important in the developing and mature nervous system to support the survival of neurons. Developmental signaling molecules are known for their roles in controlling neurogenesis and neural circuit formation. Whether or not these molecules also have roles in cell survival in the developing nervous system is poorly understood. Plexins are a family of transmembrane receptors that bind Semaphorin ligands and are known to function in the guidance of developing axons and blood vessels.ResultsIn embryonic zebrafish, plexina4 is expressed widely in the brain, becoming largely restricted to the hindbrain as neurogenesis and differentiation proceed. Apoptosis is increased in the embryonic hindbrain of a plexina4ca307/ca307 CRISPR mutant. Based on the literature, we tested the secreted heat shock protein, Clusterin, as a candidate ligand to mediate cell survival through Plexina4. clusterin is expressed by the floor plate of the embryonic zebrafish hindbrain, in proximity to plexina4‐expressing hindbrain cells. Morpholino‐mediated knockdown of Clusterin increases cell apoptosis in the hindbrain, with additional cell death observed in epistasis experiments where Clusterin is knocked down in a plexina4 mutant background.ConclusionsOur data suggest that Plexina4 promotes cell survival in the developing zebrafish hindbrain, likely through a pathway independent of Clusterin.
Areas of high conservation value support specialist forest birds
Authors: Bakx Tristan R. M. , Green Martin , Akselsson Cecilia , Lindström Åke , Opedal Øystein H. , Smith Henrik G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractScientists have deemed existing protected areas in European forests insufficient to halt and reverse biodiversity loss resulting from ongoing intensification of management. In Sweden, protected areas are therefore complemented with the so‐called areas of high conservation value (AHCVs), that is, landscapes encompassing both protected and assumed biodiversity‐valuable areas as well as surrounding land, where managers should pay increased attention to biodiversity. However, it is not known whether AHCVs are chosen so that the species they are intended to benefit inhabit such AHCVs to a higher degree. We investigated whether the occurrence and abundance of bird species that may be particularly vulnerable to intense forest management were higher in Swedish forest landscapes proposed as AHCVs compared with other forest landscapes. To this end, we fitted a joint species distribution model to bird count data for 70 forest bird species from a standardized Swedish bird monitoring scheme. Twelve of the 20 forest specialists (60%) were detected to occur more often inside AHCVs than outside, whereas no forest specialist was less likely to occur inside AHCVs. For forest generalists, the corresponding figures were 28% and 18%, respectively. Six of 15 red‐listed species (40%) were detectably more likely to occur inside AHCVs. The relationship between AHCV status of landscapes and the abundance of individual species was not as consistently negative or positive. The higher occurrence of specialists and threatened species inside AHCVs than outside of them suggests that if managed correctly, AHCVs are important habitat for a considerable part of the specialized forest avifauna in Sweden. We conclude that AHCVs represent an opportunity for designing green infrastructure benefitting Swedish forest biodiversity.
Adaptation of pathogens to their local plant host, Silphium integrifolium, along a precipitation gradient
Authors: Cassetta Eric , Peterson Kelsey , Bever James D. , Brandvain Yaniv , VanTassel David , Lubin Terra K. , Alexander Helen M. , Byers Diane L. , Schiffner Sydney , Turner Kathryn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEmpirical evidence of the influence of climate on plant–pathogen coevolution is limited but crucial to understand, as anthropogenic pressures including fragmentation and climate change threaten biodiversity. In this study, we tested patterns of plant–pathogen coevolution using Silphium integrifolium Michx., a native tallgrass prairie species that is undergoing domestication, and its foliar pathogens. We collected seeds from four native prairie remnants from each of three regions along an east–west precipitation gradient in central North America and used these to create three common gardens in each region. In common gardens and remnant prairie populations, we measured symptoms of foliar disease (leaf rust and leaf blotch, both caused by fungal pathogens, and Silphium clear vein (SCV), which we have evidence is associated with a virus). While we did not observe greater disease in the East common garden, we did find that on average the East populations had greater resistance to disease than West populations, consistent with an evolutionary legacy of more rapid coevolution with high precipitation. We also found strong interactions between source region and region of planting for all diseases. The Silphium rust, caused by the specialist pathogen Puccinia silphii, was better able to infect plant populations from the same region. These patterns are consistent with local adaptation of specialist pathogens to their local hosts as expected from Red Queen dynamics. For the generalist fungal pathogen driving leaf blotch, we did not observe evidence of local adaptation. However, we observed a positive correlation in the average level of leaf blotch symptoms observed in individual populations in common gardens with the levels of disease in the S. integrifolium individuals in the prairie remnants of origin, consistent with S. integrifolium genetics determining symptoms in the field. Our results are consistent with pathogen ecology being a major driver of coevolutionary dynamics along productivity gradients. As S. integrifolium is being domesticated for oilseed production, our results identify distinct targets for resistance alleles in breeding efforts and can guide pathogen management strategies.
Natural climate solution potential in theASEANregion—Opportunity for investment in natural climate solution readiness in national climate policies with meaningful co‐benefits
Authors: Hibi Yasushi , Dublin Devon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNatural climate solutions (NCS) are attracting more attention as viable emissions reduction and removal options, especially from the private sector as more governments and corporations commit to carbon neutrality. Southeast Asia harbors as much as 42% of NCS potential through its vast extent of tropical ecosystems that are under threat. Blue carbon, in particular, provides great potential to the region, yet efforts to incorporate blue carbon into national climate policies of ASEAN member countries are weak. ASEAN may take full advantage of its NCS potentials as well as opportunities arising within the international carbon market by investing in the policy readiness for supplying NCS, including REDD+ and blue carbon, to carbon markets.
The STARS Project: A practical professional development program for higher education professionals who serve military‐connected students
Authors: Wheeler Holly A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCollege campuses are accustomed to serving various populations and typically offer professional development for faculty and staff to assist those students. However, most institutions do not offer specific professional training targeted toward serving military‐connected students—those students who have previously served in the US military, are currently serving, or those who are using benefits from a parent or spouse. This population is very different from the others on campus, and campuses need to do more to assist them reach their academic goals. The Supporting Transitioning and Returning Service Members (STARS) Project provides a research‐based, timely, and sustainable professional development program that is fully transferable and applicable to all institutions of higher education.Practical Takeaways
Military‐connected students are a diverse group of students on campus who have very different needs than their peers; it is incumbent upon colleges and universities to assist them with the transition experiences and provide them the support they need to be successful.
Most institutions of higher education do not offer specific training regarding how to best support military‐connected students; those that do often adapt an existing training without fully addressing the needs of this special group.
Incorporating research, best practices, experts, and students, the Supporting Transitioning and Returning Service Members (STARS) Project is an original and comprehensive training program institutions can use as a template in order to best serve their military‐connected student population.
Immunotherapy response in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck with cranial nerve involvement
Authors: Lopetegui‐Lia Nerea , Dima Danai , Buchberger David Scott , Yalamanchali Anirudh , Osantowski Bennett , Ondeck Mariah , Lorenz Robert Roman , Prendes Brandon , Ku Jamie , Lamarre Eric , Scharpf Joseph , Silver Natalie Lea , Schwartzman Larisa , Geiger Jessica Lyn , Woody Neil McIver , Campbell Shauna Rosalie , Koyfman Shlomo A. , Yilmaz Emrullah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetastatic or locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) can be treated with immunotherapy (IO). Cranial nerve involvement (CNI) is uncommon in cSCC and is a poor prognostic factor. Our aim is to describe how patients with CNI respond to IO monotherapy and/or as an adjunct to RT.MethodsUnder an IRB approved protocol, patients with histologically proven cSCC of the head and neck with CNI treated with IO were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsTwelve patients were included and received cemiplimab or pembrolizumab. Eight patients had CNI at diagnosis, and 4 at time of recurrence after non‐IO therapy. Best responses were complete response (1), partial response (7), stable disease (1), progressive disease (2), and pending response (1). Nine patients are alive, 6 of which remain on IO.ConclusionsIn this cohort, IO showed clinical response in 83% of patients, indicating IO can be an effective monotherapy, reserving RT for instances of local failure after IO.
Lepidium meyenii Walp (Maca)‐derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate depression by promoting 5‐HT synthesis via the modulation of gut–brain axis
Authors: Hong Rui , Luo Lan , Wang Liang , Hu Zhao‐Li , Yin Qi‐Rong , Li Ming , Gu Bin , Wang Bin , Zhuang Tao , Zhang Xin‐Yue , Zhou Yuan , Wang Wan , Huang Lin‐Yan , Gu Bing , Qi Su‐Hua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDepression is a common and debilitating condition for which effective treatments are needed. Lepidium meyenii Walp (Maca) is a plant with potential medicinal effects in treating depression. Recently, there has been growing interest in plant‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to their low toxicity and ability to transport to human cells. Targeting the gut–brain axis, a novel strategy for depression management, may be achieved through the use of Maca‐derived EVs (Maca‐EVs). In this study, we successfully isolated Maca‐EVs using gradient ultracentrifugation and characterized their shape, size, and markers (CD63 and TSG101). The in vivo imaging showed that the Dil‐labeled Maca‐EVs crossed the brain–blood barrier and accumulated in the brain. The behavioral tests revealed that Maca‐EVs dramatically recovered the depression‐like behaviors of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mice. UCMS mice fecal were characterized by an elevated abundance of g_Enterococcus, g_Lactobacillus, and g_Escherichia_Shigella, which were significantly restored by administration of Maca‐EVs. The effects of Maca‐EVs on the altered microbial and fecal metabolites in UCMS mice were mapped to biotin, pyrimidine, and amino acid (tyrosine, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate) metabolisms, which were closely associated with the serotonin (5‐HT) production. Maca‐EVs were able to increase serum monoamine neurotransmitter levels in UCMS mice, with 5‐HT showing the most significant changes. We further demonstrated that 5‐HT improved the expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, a key regulator of neuronal plasticity, and its subsequent activation of TrkB/p‐AKT signaling by regulating the GTP‐Cdc42/ERK pathway. These findings suggest that Maca‐EVs enhance 5‐HT release, possibly by modulating the gut–brain axis, to improve depression behavior. Our study sheds light on a novel approach to depression treatment using plant‐derived EVs.
Advanced neuroimaging in the fetal brain: An update on technical advances and clinical findings
Authors: Ren Jingya , Dong Suzhen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used to provide detailed information regarding fetal brain development in utero. Conventional T1‐and T2‐weighted sequences provide anatomical details of the normal brain and demonstrate brain lesions. In addition to providing highly detailed qualitative assessments of fetal brain development, advanced MRI methods such as three‐dimensional high‐resolution MRI, diffusion MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional MRI can provide quantitative morphologic assessments of tissue microstructure and functional activity. This review aims to describe normal fetal brain development and highlight current state‐of‐the‐art MRI sequences for fetal neuroimaging. We focus on current clinical applications which can provide a better understanding of in utero impairments in fetal brain development.
Seven key insights from critical realism and their implications for ecological thinking and action in community psychology
Authors: Brunson Liesette , Lauzier‐Jobin François , Olson Brad , Côté Louis‐Philippe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article explores some of the possible links between community psychology and critical realism, a relatively new approach to the philosophy of science that has received little attention from community psychologists. Critical realism is presented in relation to seven key insights that can be linked to fundamental tenets of the ecological approach in community psychology. These insights are: (1) A complex reality exists independently of our ideas about it, and this reality is knowable, although imperfectly. (2) Reality is composed of a complex and stratified hierarchy of open systems. (3) Causality is best understood in terms of causal processes that may or may not be directly observable or generalizable; these processes involve complex interactions among generative mechanisms and contextual conditions. (4) Theory and theorizing about causal processes are central to both scientific explanation and practical action. (5) Theory exists at multiple levels of abstraction, ranging from models to metatheory. (6) A diversity of methods can provide evidence in the search for causal processes operating in context. (7) As social scientists, we have an obligation to use social science knowledge to promote human flourishing. Although these insights may be familiar to many community psychologists who adopt an ecological approach to their work, we suggest that clearly articulating these principles can provide more solid foundations for inquiry in the field. We conclude the article by highlighting how critical realism may help to bridge the research‐practice gap in community psychology and similar social sciences.
Soil organic carbon dynamics shift by incorporating wheat straw in paddy soil in China
Authors: Dai Wei , Fan Yuchuan , Cao Luqi , Cao Linkui , Sha Zhimin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to explore the effects of unfertilized control (CK), mineral NPK fertilizer (NPK), NPK plus medium‐rate wheat straw (MSNPK), and NPK plus high‐rate wheat straw (HSNPK) on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and C‐cycle enzymes at distinct depths (0–5, 5–10, 10–20, 20–30, and 30–50 cm) in paddy soil. The SOC content at 0–50 cm depth ranged from 8.50 to 21.15 g kg−1, following the trend HSNPK > MSNPK > NPK > CK. Correspondingly, the content of water‐soluble organic carbon (WSOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and easily oxidizable carbon (EOC) ranged from 0.08 to 0.27 g kg−1, 0.11 to 0.53 g kg−1, 1.48 to 8.29 g kg−1, and 3.25 to 7.33 g kg−1, respectively, and HSNPK exhibited the highest values for these parameters among all treatments and soil depths, with significant differences observed compared to NPK and CK (p < 0.05). The cellulase activity of HSNPK was significantly (p < 0.05) higher by 6.12%–13.30% compared to the CK at 0–30 cm depth; while the activity of invertase and β‐glucosidase of HSNPK were significantly (p < 0.05) higher by 34.09%–433.43% and 26.61%–130.50%, respectively, compared to the CK at 0–50 cm depth. Enzyme activities were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with SOC fractions and the dominant factors driving changes in enzyme activities were WSOC, POC, and EOC. HSNPK was associated with the highest SOC fractions and enzyme activities, indicating that it was the most favorable management practice for promoting soil quality in rice paddy fields.
Large‐scale heparin‐based bind‐and‐elute chromatography identifies two biologically distinct populations of extracellular vesicles
Authors: Zhou Yijun , Yuan Runjie , Cone Allaura S. , Shifflett Kyle W. , Arias Gabriel F. , Peng Alice , Chambers Meredith G. , McNamara Ryan P. , Willcox Smaranda , Landis Justin T. , Pan Yue , Griffith Jack , Dittmer Dirk P. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTPurifying extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been challenging because EVs are heterogeneous in cargo yet share similar sizes and densities. Most surface marker‐based affinity separation methods are limited to research or diagnostic scales. We report that heparin chromatography can separate purified EVs into two distinct subpopulations as ascertained by MS/MS: a non‐heparin‐binding (NHB) fraction that contains classical EV markers such as tetraspanins and a heparin‐binding (HB) fraction enriched in fibronectins and histones. Both fractions were similarly fusogenic but induced different transcriptional responses in endothelial cells. While EVs that were purified by conventional, non‐affinity methods alone induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and Ki67, the NHB fraction did not. This result suggests heparin chromatography as an additional novel fractionation step that is inherently scalable, does not lead to loss of material, and separates inflammatory and pyrogenic EVs from unreactive EVs, which will improve clinical applications.
Associations of MRI‐Derived Glymphatic System Impairment With Global White Matter Damage and Cognitive Impairment in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A DTI‐ALPS Study
Authors: Yang Dian‐Xu , Sun Zheng , Yu Meng‐Meng , Zou Qiao‐Qiao , Li Peng‐Yang , Zhang Jing‐Kun , Wu Xue , Li Yue‐Hua , Wang Ming‐Liang 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAssessing the glymphatic function using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI‐ALPS) may be helpful for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) management.PurposeTo assess glymphatic function using DTI‐ALPS and its associations with global white matter damage and cognitive impairment in mTBI.Study TypeProspective.PopulationThirty‐four controls (44.1% female, mean age 49.2 years) and 58 mTBI subjects (43.1% female, mean age 48.7 years), including uncomplicated mTBI (N = 32) and complicated mTBI (N = 26).Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, single‐shot echo‐planar imaging sequence.AssessmentMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done within 1 month since injury. DTI‐ALPS was performed to assess glymphatic function, and peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) was used to assess global white matter damage. Cognitive tests included Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Digit Span Test (forward and backward).Statistical TestsNeuroimaging findings comparisons were done between mTBI and control groups. Partial correlation and multivariable linear regression assessed the associations between DTI‐ALPS, PSMD, and cognitive impairment. Mediation effects of PSMD on the relationship between DTI‐ALPS and cognitive impairment were explored. P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant, except for cognitive correlational analyses with a Bonferroni‐corrected P‐value set at 0.05/3 ≈ 0.017.ResultsmTBI showed lower DTI‐ALPS and higher PSMD, especially in complicated mTBI. DTI‐ALPS was significantly correlated with verbal memory (r = 0.566), attention abilities (r = 0.792), executive function (r = 0.618), and PSMD (r = −0.533). DTI‐ALPS was associated with verbal memory (β = 8.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.00, 12.54), attention abilities (β = 5.67, 95% CI 4.56, 6.97), executive function (β = 2.34, 95% CI 1.49, 3.20), and PSMD (β = −0.79, 95% CI −1.15, −0.43). PSMD mediated 46.29%, 20.46%, and 24.36% of the effects for the relationship between DTI‐ALPS and verbal memory, attention abilities, and executive function.Data ConclusionGlymphatic function may be impaired in mTBI reflected by DTI‐ALPS. Glymphatic dysfunction may cause cognitive impairment related to global white matter damage after mTBI.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 2