bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of DOPO Modified Tetraglycidyl Eugenol Cyclic Siloxane Resins Cured with Tannic Acid
Authors: Senanayake Rusheni B. , Gan Houlei , Liu Dan , Basnayake Asanka P. , Heitzmann Michael T. , Varley Russell J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this work, a tetra glycidyl eugenol cyclic siloxane resin (TGED4) is synthesized, then further modified with 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenathrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) to produce Si and P epoxy resins. After blending with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and curing with tannic acid (TA), high performance, fire‐retardant polymer networks are created. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) confirms the networks are highly cured and have low extractable content, while dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) displays a lower Tg and heterogeneous network with increasing DOPO. The networks display a maximum improvement in flexural modulus, strength, and strain to failure of 20.6%, 55.5%, and 78.8% respectively, and at 65.4 MPa strength and 2.8 GPa modulus are comparable to high‐performance networks. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that increasing P reduces thermal stability, but contributes to higher char yield despite lower Si. The fire retardancy improve markedly measured via limiting oxygen index (LOI), increasing from 26.5% to a maximum of 35.5%, while V‐0 behavior is readily achieved at the lowest DOPO content. Cone colorimetry further reduces peak heat release rate (PHHR) and total heat release rate (THHR) by 28% and 42%. This work presents hybrid bio‐derived epoxy resins with excellent fire retardancy and good mechanical properties.
Selection of carbon particles with different shape, size and concentration as additives in a stereolithographic resin
Authors: Dietrich D. , Förster W. , Eßbach C. , Neumann P. , Nickel D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStereolithography (SLA) as one of the additive manufacturing processes provides new approaches towards high design flexibility and fast prototyping. In the last years, the variety of different resins is highly enhanced towards polymers that meet high requirements – mechanical, optical and thermal properties as well as electroconductivity. To our knowledge, direct electroplating is not investigated so far. The aim of our work is the development of a composite material that is able to be processed by stereolithography and that provides the electroconductivity for direct electroplating. Direct electroplating highly improves the process of electroplating on polymers because of less process steps and the avoidance of toxic chemicals. With regard to material efficiency and saving resources, direct electroplating may be more environmental than the established industrial process of electroplating on polymers. A commercially available synthetic resin is our base material. Electroconductive filler are graphitic particles with different shapes and sizes. By varying the additives content, the effects on homogeneity and viscosity of the composite resin, its hardenability and the electrical resistance of the manufactured samples are investigated.
Mechanical properties of rotary friction and gas tungsten arc welded aa6061 weldments subjected to equal channel angular pressing
Authors: Balasubramanian M. , Sadasivan N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal joining can perhaps be said as one of the most indispensable manufacturing processes, with applications across a variety of engineering streams ranging from automobile to day‐to‐day construction activities. The conventional techniques primarily rely on melting the two joining surfaces and solidifying them to create a fresh cast joint. Though the plates being welded are wrought the joints inevitably are cast and hence result in heterogenous mechanical properties between the base metal. In alloy systems with eutectic phase, the high heat input involved in melting the joining surfaces often degrades the strength of the material in the vicinity of the weldment resulting in the formation of a heat‐affected zone. In the welding of heat‐treatable aluminium alloys, heat‐affected zone degradation is often the weakest point of the welded sample The mechanical properties of a weldment can be improved by extensive plastic deformation. Studies show that such strengthening of AA6061 alloys is a combined influence of the grain refinement of the primary matrix as well as the redistribution of the secondary eutectic phase. Weldments fabricated by gas tungsten arc welding and rotary friction welding were subjected to severe plastic deformation, and the effects were studied. Improved mechanical properties thereby providing an alternative solution to post‐weld heat treatment were observed.
Bifurcation and Chaos Control of Mixed Rayleigh‐LiéNard Oscillator With Two Periodic Excitations and Mixed Delays
Authors: Zhao Hongzhen , Li Jing , Zhu Shaotao , Zhang Yufeng , Sun Bo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the bifurcation, chaos, and active control of a mixed Rayleigh‐Liénard oscillator with mixed time delays. First, the effects of system parameters on the supercritical pitchfork bifurcations are discussed in detail by applying the fast‐slow separation method. Second, it is rigorously proved by the Melnikov method that chaotic vibration exists when the parameters of the uncontrolled system are selected above the threshold of chaos occurrence. By fine‐tuning the system parameters, a criterion for designing the control parameters to make the Melnikov function non‐zero is derived. In addition, the routes to chaos in controlled system are explored by bifurcation diagrams, largest Lyapunov exponents, phase portraits, Poincaré maps, basins of attraction, frequency spectra, and displacement time series. The results indicate that by properly adjusting the displacement feedback coefficient and the amplitude of parameter excitation, the chaotic motion caused by increasing of the amplitude of external excitation and strength of distributed time delay can be effectively suppressed. This research result can provide theoretical support for exploring the potential chaotic motion of other types of oscillators.
Existence of Solutions for a Class of Volterra Integral Equations on Time Scales
Authors: Salih Ramadan Wafaa , Georgiev Svetlin G. , Al‐Hayani Waleed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we investigate a class of Volterra integral equations for existence of global classical solutions. We give conditions under which the considered equations have at least one and at least two classical solutions. To prove our main results, we propose a new approach based upon recent theoretical results. More precisely, we give a suitable integral representation of the solutions of the considered Volterra integral equation. Then, we construct two operators for which any fixed point of their sum is a solution of the considered Volterra integral equation.
Relative Controllability of Fractional Dynamical Systems With a Delay in State and Multiple Delays in Control
Authors: Aydin Mustafa , Mahmudov Nazim I. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis work is devoted to the study of the relative controllability of fractional dynamic systems in finite‐dimensional spaces with a state delay and multiple delays in control. For linear systems to be relatively controllable, necessary and sufficient conditions are determined by defining and using the Gramian matrix. The controllability conditions for semilinear systems are determined on the basis of Schauder's fixed point theorem.
Numerical Study on Soil‐Arching Behavior in Pile‐Supported Embankments With Pile Settlement by Developed Damping Spring‐Based Trapdoor Model
Authors: Zhou Jie , Zhang Ling , Peng Wenzhe , Xu Zeyu , Zhou Shuai , Wu Gaoqiao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSoil arching is one of the main mechanisms for load transfer in pile‐supported embankments, and the soil arching evolution patterns varied significantly depending on fill heights, pile spacings, pile stiffness, and soil stiffness. However, research on the effect of pile settlement on soil arching is relatively scarce, and most studies still use the traditional trapdoor test with a fixed arch foot to examine the soil arching. Therefore, this study establishes numerical models of a damping spring‐based trapdoor that considers pile settlement, and through 52 sets of spring‐based trapdoor tests and 1 set of reference tests, it systematically investigates the effects of various factors such as pile–soil stiffness ratio, fill height, and pile spacing on the soil arching under pile settlement conditions. The research results show that reducing the pile–soil stiffness ratio will reduce differential settlement between piles and soil, but it will exacerbate overall settlement. The stiffness ratio has a significant impact on soil arching: appropriately reducing the pile–soil stiffness ratio will help to recover fill deformation and suppress the formation of passive soil arch; increasing the stiffness ratio will enhance the stability of the soil arching. In addition, when the soft soil stiffness ks is low, pile settlement helps to enhance the soil arching, and the enhancement effect becomes more significant with an increase in fill height H and pile spacing S/a. When ks is high, pile settlement weakens the soil arching, which intensifies with an increase in fill height but weakens with an increase in S/a.
Integration of Robust Control and Multi‐Objective Metaheuristic Optimization for Improved Stability and Tracking Performance of WIP Systems
Authors: Saleh Radhwan A. A. , Alqudsi Yunes , Makaraci Murat , Metin Ertunc Huseyin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Wheeled Inverted Pendulum (WIP) system presents a challenging control problem in the field of control systems due to its inherent instability, non‐linearity, multivariable nature, and under actuation. This paper introduces a novel framework that integrates a robust combined control algorithm with the Inverted Pendulum Multi‐objective Optimization (IPMO) algorithm to improve the stability and tracking performance of WIP systems. The robust control algorithm combines Time‐Varying Sliding Mode Control (TVSMC), Exponential Reaching Law (ERL), and Non‐linear Feedback Control (NFC) to mitigate chattering and enhance stability. The IPMO algorithm utilizes a Solutions Validity Table (SVT) to balance exploration and exploitation in the search for optimal controller parameters. By optimizing the controller parameters, the aim is to minimize tracking errors and improve the overall performance of the WIP system. Extensive simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in enhancing the WIP system performance and minimizing tracking errors. The proposed IPMO algorithm provides decision‐makers with a range of optimal solutions, contributing to the advancement of control techniques for unstable, highly non‐linear, multivariable, and underactuated systems. A supplemental animated simulation of this work is available at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PO‐RzmTXemI.
DNA methylation patterns are influenced by Pax3::Foxo1 expression and developmental lineage in rhabdomyosarcoma tumours forming in genetically engineered mouse models
Authors: Sun Wenyue , Hewitt Stephen M , Wright Hollis , Keller Charles , Barr Frederic G 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a family of phenotypically myogenic paediatric cancers consisting of two major subtypes: fusion‐positive (FP) RMS, most commonly involving the PAX3::FOXO1 fusion gene, formed by the fusion of paired box 3 (PAX3) and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) genes, and fusion‐negative (FN) RMS, lacking these gene fusions. In humans, DNA methylation patterns distinguish these two subtypes as well as mutation‐associated subsets within these subtypes. To investigate the biological factors responsible for these methylation differences, we profiled DNA methylation in RMS tumours derived from genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) in which various driver mutations were introduced into different myogenic lineages. Our unsupervised analyses of DNA methylation patterns in these GEMM tumours yielded two major clusters, corresponding to high and no/low expression of Pax3::Foxo1, which mirrored the results for human FP and FN RMS tumours. Two distinct methylation‐defined subsets were found for GEMM RMS tumours with no/low Pax3::Foxo1 expression: one subset enriched in Pax7 lineage tumours and a second subset enriched in myogenic factor 5 (Myf5) lineage tumours. Integrative analysis of DNA methylation and transcriptomic data in mouse and human RMS revealed a common group of differentially methylated and differentially expressed genes, highlighting a conserved set of genes functioning in both human RMS models and GEMMs of RMS. In conclusion, these studies provide insight into the roles of oncogenic fusion proteins and developmental lineages in establishing DNA methylation patterns in FP and FN RMS respectively. © 2025 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Familial History in Ovarian Teratomas Is a Frequent Event: 22 Years’ Experience at a Single Center
Authors: Muller Cécile Olivia , Delehaye Fanny , Gordon Christopher T. , Pire Aurore , Cheikhelard Alaa , Capito Carmen , Rousseau Véronique , Amiel Jeanne , Sarnacki Sabine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundOvarian mature teratoma represents the most common benign neoplasm among pediatric germ cell tumors. This study reports the prevalence and characteristics of familial forms identified in a single center over 22 years in order to better understand possible familial predispositions to ovarian teratoma.MethodsThe records of all patients who were surgically treated for ovarian teratoma between 2000 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Families were systematically asked about a possible family history of ovarian tumors (benign or malignant) or testicular germ cell tumors.ResultsAmong the 136 patients operated on for ovarian teratoma, 24 cases of familial form (18%) were identified. Patients with familial history of ovarian mature teratoma were more likely to have multifocal tumors at diagnosis and metachronous lesions over time (p = 0.032 and p = 0.018, respectively) compared with patients without familial history. The family history concerned first‐degree relatives in 12/24 cases (50%) including one case of twin monozygotic sisters, and affected two consecutive generations in three cases.ConclusionA systematic examination made it possible to find up to 18% of familial forms in mature teratomas of the ovary, which in these cases seem to be more likely multifocal. The underlying genetic mechanisms are likely to be heterogeneous. Further work seems to be necessary to provide a better understanding of the genesis of germ cell tumors.
Spectroscopic Study of Ar‐N2 Spatial Postdischarges Sustained in Atmospheric‐Pressure Microwave Plasmas
Authors: Morales‐Calero Francisco Javier , Cobos‐Luque Antonio , Muñoz José , Rincón Rocío , Calzada María Dolores 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAtmospheric pressure microwave‐sustained Ar‐N2 spatial postdischarges are characterized by a high content of reactive nitrogen species as well as low gas temperature values with potential to be used in different applications, including the treatment of the surface of thermosensitive materials. However, optimizing their performance requires prior knowledge of their composition, as well as of the kinetics involved in their sustainment. A comprehensive experimental characterization of Ar‐N2 spatial postdischarges generated with different nitrogen concentrations by optical emission spectroscopy has been performed, together with direct gas temperature measurements. From this study, a complete postdischarge kinetics scheme is proposed for the first time for this kind of spatial afterglows, highlighting the crucial role of argon and nitrogen metastables.
Success Rates of Assisted Reproduction for Men With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Sapru Karuna , Wilkinson Joanna , Webb Anthony K , Akhtar Muhammad , Bright‐Thomas Rowland J 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe vast majority of men with CF (mwCF) are infertile. Improvements in assisted reproductive technology (ART) have made it possible for these patients to become biological fathers.MethodsData were examined for all male CF patients attending a large adult CF center over a 23‐year period. Azoospermia was confirmed via laboratory analysis of semen and was defined as complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. Outcome of surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) procedure, post SSR complications, success rate of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and embryo transfer and subsequent live births were evaluated.ResultsSeventy‐one mwCF with proven azoospermia were referred to fertility services over the study period. Mean (SD) percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ppFEV1) 67.86 ( ± 25.3), body mass index (BMI) 24.3 ( ± 3.7) kg/m2. Seventy (98.5%) of these men underwent and had successful SSR. 67/71 (94%) couples proceeded to have ICSI post SSR. 11 couples had failed egg fertilisation, implantation, or early miscarriage. 56/67 couples (84%) went on to have live births. To date 10/71 (14%) mwCF referred for fertility treatment have died. Mean ppFEV1 and BMI of mwCF who survived was higher than those who died; FEV1 72.8% ( ± 23.4) versus 38% ( ± 12.0) (p < 0.001), BMI 25.0 ( ± 3.5) kg/m2 versus 20.3 ( ± 2.2) kg/mg2 (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis is the largest study to investigate success rate of fertility treatment in mwCF and demonstrates that fertility treatment is successful in greater than 75% of patients referred. Clinical status and prognosis remain important factors when considering referral to fertility services.
Critical Issues in the Management of CRMS/CFSPID Children: A National Real‐World Survey
Authors: Terlizzi Vito , Fevola Cristina , Presti Santiago , Claut Laura , Ambroni Maura , Calderazzo Maria Adelaide , Esposito Irene , Fabrizzi Benedetta , Leonetti Giuseppina , Lombardo Mariangela , Maschio Massimo , Palladino Nicola , Pauro Francesca , Pisi Giovanna , Ripani Pietro , Ros Mirco , Rotolo Novella , Salvatore Donatello , Sepe Angela , Termini Lisa , Timpano Silviana , Troiani Patrizia , Vitullo Pamela , Zanda Maurizio , Blasi Francesco , Castellani Carlo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundNotwithstanding guidance from the European Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Society (ECFS) neonatal screening (NBS) working group, significant variation persists in the evaluation and management of Cystic Fibrosis Screen Positive, Inconclusive Diagnosis (CFSPID) subjects, leaving many aspects of care under debate. This study reports the results of a national survey investigating management and treatment approaches of pre‐school CFSPIDs in Italy.MethodsIn February 2024, a comprehensive questionnaire was distributed to all Italian CF centers. The survey explored various aspects of CFSPID management in the year 2023, including patient visit schedules, sweat tests (ST) timing, screening procedures, therapeutic interventions, and discharge criteria. Data on regional NBS protocols, number of CFSPID cases, and CF:CFSPID ratio were also collected.ResultsBy December 31, 2023, CF Italian centers were following 522 CFSPIDs. In 2023, CF NBS identified 85 CF and 68 CFSPID cases, resulting in a CF:CFSPID ratio of 1.25:1. Seven centers diagnosed more CFSPID than CF, with the lowest CF:CFSPID ratio being 0.20:1. A quarter of all centers reported management plans that deviated widely from ECFS guidelines. Respiratory cultures were performed in 16 (69.6%) centers in the absence of symptoms. Nine (38.9%) prescribed antibiotics in any case of positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures, including first detections and asymptomatic subjects. Spirometries were performed by 14/23 centers (60.9%) in procedure‐competent children at each visit. Follow up care continued after age 6 for all CFSPIDs in 15 (65.2%) centers regardless of age, genotype or ST results. A diagnosis of CF was established based on repeated pathological STs and/or multiorgan involvement. Children with STs in intermediate range and mono‐organ involvement were classified as CFTR‐related disorders (CFTR‐RD).ConclusionsDespite available data on clinical course and recommendations on management of CFSPIDs, different approaches persist in clinical practice. Further efforts should be considered to disseminate and encourage adherence to international guidelines.
Comprehensive Study of a Mercaptopyridine Derivative: Single Crystal Structure, Spectral Characterization, DFT, In silico Studies, and Biological Activity
Authors: Libiyal J. Maria , Matheswari P. Pon , Jeyamalar J. Ilavarasi , Nayagam B. Ravindran Durai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this present study, a new compound 2‐{[(2,3,5,6‐tetramethylphenyl)methyl]sulfanyl}pyridin‐1‐ium bromide (MCPD1) was synthesized from mercaptopyridine and mono bromo durene. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FT‐IR were used to characterize the structure. The single crystal X‐ray diffraction results indicated that the title compound crystallizes in a monoclinic crystal system with the P 21/c space group with lattice parameters of a = 12.806(4) Å,b = 9.266(3) Å, and c = 14.919(4) Å and the crystal is stabilized by a strong intermolecular hydrogen bond. Hirshfeld surface analysis, a technique for quantifying molecular interactions, was employed to investigate the crystal structure. Theoretical studies were done by density function theory using B3YLP method and 6–311 ++ G(d,p) basis set by the firefly program. SCXRD Experimental results are confirmed by the theoretical studies of the structural and physicochemical features of the compound. The in silico studies including molecular docking and ADME analysis revealed the drug‐likeness of the synthesized crystal with higher binding affinity and less cytotoxic in nature. The DNA binding ability of the compound was studied. The compound exhibits significant cytotoxic activity against SK‐MEL‐2 melanoma cells and moderate activity against MCF‐7 breast cancer cells, demonstrating its potential as a versatile anticancer agent.
Treatment of excessive growth of granulation tissue in horses by topical application of resveratrol
Authors: Dedar Ramesh Kumar , Kumar Naveen , Talluri Thirumala Rao , Singh Jitender , Bhattacharya Tarun Kumar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExcessive growth of granulation tissue (EGT) is a common complication during wound healing in horses. Wounds involving lower limbs are especially prone to the development of EGT. Often increased expression of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) is found in the EGT. In the present report, resveratrol was used as TGF‐β modifier. Topical application of an aqueous solution of resveratrol at 0.01 mg/mL once daily for 5‒7 weeks depending on EGT size, successfully suppressed the EGT growth in all seven horses in the present case report.