bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
α-Fe2O3 thin films deposited by a facile spray pyrolysis technique for enhanced ethanol sensing
Authors: Abedi Seyyedeh Parisa , Rahmani Mohammad Bagher , Rezaii Farkhondeh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this research, α-Fe2O3 (hematite) thin films were deposited by spray pyrolysis on glass substrates at various growth temperatures of 350, 400, 450, and 500 °C. Samples were characterized using versatile techniques to study their morphological, structural, and optical properties. X-ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectra confirmed the formation of the hexagonal structure of hematite. Electron microscope images show the growth of cubic nanoparticles on the surface of all synthesized samples, the average size of cubes for the sample with the best sensing performance is about 56.2 nm. Ethanol sensing characteristics of samples were investigated at four elevated temperatures of 175, 200, 225, and 250 °C, exposed to different concentrations of ethanol. The film deposited at the substrate temperature of 350 °C reached the best responses of 30.2% toward 100 ppm and 51.4% toward 1000 ppm of ethanol at the optimum working temperature of 200 °C. The response and recovery times were recorded at 279 and 536 s, respectively, when this sensor was exposed to 100 ppm ethanol vapor at 200 °C. A possible mechanism of ethanol sensing is also discussed. This study optimized the growth conditions and sensing parameters of hematite thin films for ethanol sensing applications.
Structure transition in Cu crystallization
Authors: Li Bobin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Phase transition is a central topic in condensed matter physics. In this paper, as a general representative of phase transition, Cu crystallization is discussed. And some physical quantities are defined to quantificationally describe the structure-property in Cu crystallization, especially its symmetry. In a conclusion, it is indicated that there are some significant alterations of structure-property in Cu crystallization. And not only that its global symmetry has a breaking, but also the local symmetry becomes not uniform anymore.
Impact of focusing and polarization inhomogeneity on SHG in type-II ppKTP
Authors: Omshankar  , Venkataraman Vivek , Ghosh Joyee 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study the effects of pump beam focusing and polarization inhomogeneity on second-harmonic generation (SHG) in a 3 cm long type-II ppKTP crystal. Focusing leads to an asymmetry in the SHG output power around the phase-matching temperature (PMT), along with a shift of the PMT to a lower temperature. Theoretical predictions are experimentally verified for different focusing parameters at various pump wavelengths, showing maximum SHG of

0.24
%

W−1 (close to optimal focusing). Further, an inhomogeneous polarization across the pump beam cross-section is theoretically predicted to break up the SHG transverse (intensity) profile into several lobes, resulting in an overall decrease in the total output power. We experimentally show that a radially/azimuthally polarized pump beam (generated via a Q-plate) results in a four-lobed SHG similar to the Hermite–Gaussian HG
11 mode with an optimal focusing parameter that is four times higher than that for the homogeneously polarized pump.
Bounded perturbations of the Heisenberg commutation relation via dilation theory
Authors: Gerhold Malte , Shalit Orr 
Published: March 2023

We extend the notion of dilation distance to strongly continuous one-parameter unitary groups. If the dilation distance between two such groups is finite, then these groups can be represented on the same space in such a way that their generators have the same domain and are in fact a bounded perturbation of one another. This result extends to

d
d

-tuples of one-parameter unitary groups. We apply our results to the Weyl canonical commutation relations, and as a special case we recover the result of Haagerup and Rørdam [Duke Math. J. 77 (1995), pp. 627–656

] that the infinite ampliation of the canonical position and momentum operators satisfying the Heisenberg commutation relation are a bounded perturbation of a pair of strongly commuting selfadjoint operators. We also recover Gao’s higher-dimensional generalization of Haagerup and Rørdam’s result, and in typical cases we significantly improve control of the bound when the dimension grows.
Changes in the content of pollen total lipid and TAG inArabidopsis thaliana DGAT1mutantas11
Authors: Bai Mei , Gao Han , Yang Yang , Wu Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn mature pollen grains, lipids are primarily stored in the form of lipid droplets that provide energy and act as a carbon source for normal pollen development and germination. Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the major form of stored plant lipids. Diacylglycerol transferase, which is encoded by DGAT1 in Arabidopsis thaliana, is an important enzyme regulating triacylglycerol synthesis. Within the seeds of the DGAT1 mutant as11, the content of TAG is significantly decreased and the fatty acid composition also differs from the wild type. Transcriptome data of mature anthers showed that the genes involved in the TAG synthesis pathway were downregulated in as11. Analysis of gene expression patterns via transcriptome data also revealed that the expression of PDAT1, which functions in a manner complementary to the DGAT1 gene, was significantly decreased in as11, whereas the amylopectin synthase genes SS1 and SS2 were upregulated in mutant as11. We also detected lower total lipid, TAG and fatty acid contents in mature as11 pollen, with palmitic acid (C16:0) and linolenic acid (C18:3) being the major fatty acids in mature pollen. The cytological results showed that the lipid droplet content was reduced in mature as11 pollen. In the binuclear pollen grain II stage, WT pollen contained lipid droplets that were primarily accumulated around the generative nucleus, whereas the pollen in the mutant as11 was rich in starch grains that were primarily distributed around the vegetative nucleus. Ultrastructural analysis indicated that during pollen development in as11, the amount of endoplasmic reticulum in tapetal cells and pollen grains decreased, whereas the Golgi body content increased, which directly or indirectly led to a decrease in the levels of lipidosomes and an increase in the starch content in as11. Changes in the lipid content and fatty acid composition of the mutant as11 differ from those in the wild type during pollen development.
The Price Is Right? An Economic Analysis of Factors Influencing Cosmetic Surgery Prices
Authors: Shaffrey Ellen C , Wirth Peter J , Moura Steven P , Attaluri Pradeep K , Rao Venkat K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Cosmetic surgery is a large portion of practice revenue for many plastic surgeons, and therefore understanding the economic principles of pricing is critical. Although national averages provide a starting point for price determination, they may not reflect specific economic factors. Over the last decade, publicly reported pricing for cosmetic surgery has increased in prevalence, improving price transparency for patients and surgeons alike.

Objectives
This study aims to compare publicly reported prices to national cosmetic surgery averages and identify variables that have the greatest impact on price determination.

Methods
An Internet search was performed with the term “cosmetic surgery, price” for practices that publicly reported cosmetic surgery prices. Publicly reported prices were compared to national averages generated from The Aesthetic Society's Aesthetic Society Plastic Surgery National Databank Statistics. The impact of regional prices, practice type, and surgeon accreditation were analyzed for the most popular cosmetic surgery procedures.

Results
Sixty-six practices were identified that reported cosmetic surgery pricing information. Publicly reported prices were significantly higher for all surgical procedures except nipple procedures, excision of (excess) skin, fat grafting, fat harvest, and lip enhancement. Facility/operating room fees (n = 38) and anesthesia fees (n = 34) were the most common components included in a price, after surgeons’ fees (n = 66). A significant price difference was appreciated when separating practices by region for all procedures except breast augmentation (P = .074) and liposuction (P = .088).

Conclusions
Publicly reported prices provide greater insight than national averages into specific pricing factors and strategies that can be employed when setting surgical prices.
Postoperative Fillers Reduce Revision Rates in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Khan Maria , Sankar Thangasamy , Shoaib Taimur 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Rhinoplasty is a complex procedure with revision rates of up to 17%. Even minor imperfections after surgery can be significant.

Objectives
This review aims to investigate the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers postaesthetic rhinoplasty and assess the rhinoplasty practice of the senior author.

Methods
From the senior author’s practice, case records were obtained for patients who underwent surgery followed by nonsurgical rhinoplasty between 2015 and 2022. Data were retrospectively obtained and analyzed. The variables measured included the number of patients treated with fillers postoperatively, volume and type of filler used, locations of injection, and frequency of injections and complications.

Results
Eight hundred patients underwent rhinoplasty between March 2015 and March 2022, and 10.6% (n = 85) of these underwent nonsurgical rhinoplasty using the HA filler for postoperative imperfections. The Juvederm 2 filler (Allergan, Irvine, CA) was mainly used with a mean volume of 0.2 mL. A total of 11.8% (n = 10) of patients had fillers for a second time and 3.5% (n = 3) required a third filler. The majority of patients had fillers in the rhinon area (82.3%; n = 70), and no complications were reported, with patient satisfaction levels being good.

Conclusions
Often, there is hesitancy to use fillers after surgery due to the assumption that fillers will be required in the long term and complication rates can be high for postrhinoplasty nose fillers. From our series, we conclude that after surgery, fillers last for a greater time period than those used purely for primary augmentation. Hence, the authors recommend rhinoplasty surgeons to consider HA filler use for patients troubled by postsurgery surface irregularities.

Level of Evidence: 5
Risk of developing a second primary melanoma after a first primary melanoma in a population-based Australian cohort
Authors: Ni Yuan , Watts Caroline G , Scolyer Richard A , Madronio Christine , Armstrong Bruce K , Morton Rachael L , Menzies Scott W , Mann Graham J , Thompson John F , Lo Serigne N , Cust Anne E 
Published: March 2023

This cross-sectional survey identified risk factors for developing a second primary melanoma. Patients with melanoma who had characteristics such as male sex, older age, high naevus count, or melanoma on the trunk or upper limbs had a substantially higher risk of subsequent melanoma and should therefore be more intensively monitored.
Affective or cognitive interpersonal emotion regulation in couples: an fNIRS hyperscanning study
Authors: Zhang Wenhai , Qiu Lanting , Tang Fanggui , Li Hong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Sadness regulation is crucial for maintaining the romantic relationships of couples. Interpersonal emotion regulation, including affective engagement (AE) and cognitive engagement (CE), activates social brain networks. However, it is unclear how AE and CE regulate sadness in couples through affective bonds. We recruited 30 heterosexual couple dyads and 30 heterosexual stranger dyads and collected functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning data while each dyad watched sad or neutral videos and while the regulator regulated the target’s sadness. Then, we characterized interbrain synchronization (IBS) and Granger causality (GC). The results indicated that AE and CE were more effective for couples than for strangers and that sadness evaluation of female targets was lower than that of male targets. CE-induced IBS at CH13 (BA10, right middle frontal gyrus) was lower for female targets than for male targets, while no gender difference in AE was detected. GC change at CH13 during CE was lower in the sad condition for male targets than for female targets, while no gender difference in AE was discovered. These observations suggest that AE and CE activate affective bonds but that CE was more effective for regulating sadness in female targets, revealing different neural patterns of cognitive and affective sadness regulation in couples.
Sugar, salt, immunity and the cause of primary hypertension
Authors: Sánchez-Lozada Laura G , Madero Magdalena , Mazzali Marilda , Feig Daniel I , Nakagawa Takahiko , Lanaspa Miguel A , Kanbay Mehmet , Kuwabara Masanari , Rodriguez-Iturbe Bernardo , Johnson Richard J 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTDespite its discovery more than 150 years ago, the cause of primary hypertension remains unknown. Most studies suggest that hypertension involves genetic, congenital or acquired risk factors that result in a relative inability of the kidney to excrete salt (sodium chloride) in the kidneys. Here we review recent studies that suggest there may be two phases, with an initial phase driven by renal vasoconstriction that causes low-grade ischemia to the kidney, followed by the infiltration of immune cells that leads to a local autoimmune reaction that maintains the renal vasoconstriction. Evidence suggests that multiple mechanisms could trigger the initial renal vasoconstriction, but one way may involve fructose that is provided in the diet (such as from table sugar or high fructose corn syrup) or produced endogenously. The fructose metabolism increases intracellular uric acid, which recruits NADPH oxidase to the mitochondria while inhibiting AMP-activated protein kinase. A drop in intracellular ATP level occurs, triggering a survival response. Leptin levels rise, triggering activation of the sympathetic central nervous system, while vasopressin levels rise, causing vasoconstriction in its own right and stimulating aldosterone production via the vasopressin 1b receptor. Low-grade renal injury and autoimmune-mediated inflammation occur. High-salt diets can amplify this process by raising osmolality and triggering more fructose production. Thus, primary hypertension may result from the overactivation of a survival response triggered by fructose metabolism. Restricting salt and sugar and hydrating with ample water may be helpful in the prevention of primary hypertension.
Extracellular matrix collagen biomarker levels in patients who underwent pulmonary endarterectomy
Authors: Zengin Ahmet , Kalkan Rabia , Yıldız Aydın Kübra , Olgun Yıldızeli Şehnaz , Mutlu BüLent , Karakoç Ayşe Zehra , Taş Serpil , Sunar Hasan , Kılıç Ülkan , Yanartaş Mehmed , Yıldızeli Bedrettin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESThe role of extracellular matrix collagen biomarkers in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is not well known. Our goal was to investigate the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 protein levels in patients with CTETH.METHODSThis is a prospective, cross-sectional study. Patients with CTETH who underwent pulmonary endarterectomy comprise group 1, and the control group included patients who underwent lung surgery without pulmonary hypertension (group 2) between March 2020 and March 2021. In addition to serum levels of MMP-9, the pulmonary endarterectomy and control pulmonary artery tissue samples were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 4pl, cubic, quadratic and Western blot techniques. Levels of MMP-2, which consist of pro MMP-2/ß-actin and active MMP-2/ß-actin and MMP-9/ß-actin, were measured only in the tissue samples.RESULTSForty-eight patients were enrolled consecutively in group 1 (n: 24) and group 2 (n: 24). The serum concentrations of MMP-9 were similar in both groups. Similarly, a comparison of tissue sample levels of pro MMP-2/ß-actin (P = 0.496) and active MMP-2/ß-actin (P = 0.216) showed no significant difference between the groups. The tissue samples from patients with CTETH had significantly lower amounts of MMP-9/ß-actin compared to the control group (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThis study indicates that serum levels of extracellular matrix collagen biomarkers were similar in patients with CTETH who were candidates for surgery and in patients who had non-pulmonary hypertension who underwent lung surgery. Differences in levels of MMP-9/ß-actin in tissue samples may play a role in pulmonary vascular remodelling in operable patients.
Academic Coloniality in ELT: the case of an Algerian University
Authors: Daffri Walid , Taibi Hadjer 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study explores the concept of ‘Academic Coloniality’ in ELT at an Algerian University. Academic Coloniality refers to the practices and beliefs of people involved in ELT that contribute to the production, manifestation, and reproduction of power patterns between the ‘native speakers’ of English and its learners. Through this, we aim to show how the beliefs and reported practices of seven participants within ELT at an Algerian university contribute to it. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using critical discourse analysis. Findings suggest that Academic Coloniality manifests itself in participants’ continuous quest to achieve ‘native-like’ competence and adopt their norms. This resulted from the context, daily interactions, and effects of media. Coupled with gatekeepers’ resistance to change, these contribute to the reproduction of Academic Coloniality. In this sense, the concept is a useful tool to conceptualize and contextualize practices and beliefs within ELT that prevent its decolonization.
Evidence for concealed fasciculo-ventricular connections as revealed by His bundle pacing
Authors: Mahmud Rehan , Sternick Eduardo Back , Sanchez-Quintana Damian , Macias Yolanda , Jamal Shakeel Muhammad , Bailey Beth , Mohan Ayush , Lee Matthew T , Lee Jenna E , de Almeida Marcos Célio , Anderson Robert H 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
It is almost 100 years ago since Mahaim described the so-called paraspecific connections between the ventricular conduction axis and the crest of the muscular ventricular septum, believing such pathways to be ubiquitous. These pathways, however, have yet to be considered as potential pathways for septal activation during His bundle pacing.

Materials
So as to explore the hypothesis that specialised septal pathways might provide the substrate for septal activation during His bundle pacing, we compared the findings from 22 serially sectioned histological datasets and 34 different individuals undergoing His bundle pacing.

Results
We found histologically specialised pathways connecting the branching component of the atrioventricular conduction axis with the crest of the muscular ventricular septum in almost four-fifths of the histological datasets. In 32 of 34 patients undergoing His bundle pacing, the QRS complex closely resembled published images of known conduction through fasciculo-ventricular pathways. In only two patients was a delta wave not seen at any pacing voltages. Capture of these connections varied according to pacing voltage, a finding which correlated with the distance of the pathways from the site of penetration of the ventricular conduction axis. Ventricular activation times remained normal in the presence of the delta wave at higher pacing voltage but were prolonged at lower voltages.

Conclusions
Our histologic findings confirm fasciculo-ventricular connections, initially described by Mahaim as being paraspecific, are likely ubiquitous. Analysis of 12-lead electrocardiograms leads us to conclude that fasciculo-ventricular pathways, concealed during sinus rhythm, become manifest with His bundle pacing.
Timing of cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation
Authors: Leyva Francisco , Zegard Abbasin , Patel Peysh , Stegemann Berthold , Marshall Howard , Ludman Peter , Walton Jamie , de Bono Joseph , Boriani Giuseppe , Qiu Tian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsThe optimum timing of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation is unknown. We explored long-term outcomes after CRT in relation to the time interval from a first heart failure hospitalization (HFH) to device implantation.Methods and resultsA database covering the population of England (56.3 million in 2019) was used to quantify clinical outcomes after CRT implantation in relation to first HFHs. From 2010 to 2019, 64 968 patients [age: 71.4 ± 11.7 years; 48 606 (74.8%) male] underwent CRT implantation, 57% in the absence of a previous HFH, 12.9% during the first HFH, and 30.1% after ≥1 HFH. Over 4.54 (2.80–6.71) years [median (interquartile range); 272 989 person-years], the time in years from the first HFH to CRT implantation was associated with a higher risk of total mortality [hazard ratio (HR); 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)] (1.15; 95% CI 1.14–1.16, HFH (HR: 1.26; 95% CI 1.24–1.28), and the combined endpoint of total mortality or HFH (HR: 1.19; 95% CI 1.27–1.20) than CRT in patients with no previous HFHs, after co-variate adjustment. Total mortality (HR: 1.67), HFH (HR: 2.63), and total mortality or HFH (HR: 1.92) (all P &lt; 0.001) were highest in patients undergoing CRT ≥2 years after the first HFH.ConclusionIn this study of a healthcare system covering an entire nation, delays from a first HFH to CRT implantation were associated with progressively worse long-term clinical outcomes. The best clinical outcomes were observed in patients with no previous HFH and in those undergoing CRT implantation during the first HFH.Condensed abstractThe optimum timing of CRT implantation is unknown. In this study of 64 968 consecutive patients, delays from a first heart failure hospitalization (HFH) to CRT implantation were associated with progressively worse long-term clinical outcomes. Each year from a first HFH to CRT implantation was associated with a 21% higher risk of total mortality and a 34% higher risk of HFH. The best outcomes after CRT were observed in patients with no previous HFHs and in those undergoing implantation during their first HFH.
Fully digital self-screening for atrial fibrillation with patch electrocardiogram
Authors: Sandberg Edvard Liljedahl , Halvorsen Sigrun , Berge Trygve , Grimsmo Jostein , Atar Dan , Fensli Rune , Grenne Bjørnar Leangen , Jortveit Jarle 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide. The AF is associated with severe mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs, and guidelines recommend screening people at risk. However, screening methods and organization still need to be clarified. The current study aimed to assess the feasibility of a fully digital self-screening procedure and to assess the prevalence of undetected AF using a continuous patch electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring system.

Methods and results
Individuals ≥65 years old with at least one additional risk factor for stroke from the general population of Norway were invited to a fully digital continuous self-screening for AF using a patch ECG device (ECG247 Smart Heart Sensor). Participants self-reported clinical characteristics and usability online, and all participants received digital feedback of their results. A total of 2118 individuals with a mean CHA2DS2-VASc risk score of 2.6 (0.9) were enrolled in the study [74% women; mean age 70.1 years (4.2)]. Of these, 1849 (87.3%) participants completed the ECG self-screening test, while 215 (10.2%) did not try to start the test and 54 (2.5%) failed to start the test. The system usability score was 84.5. The mean ECG monitoring time was 153 h (87). Atrial fibrillation was detected in 41 (2.2%) individuals.

Conclusion
This fully digitalized self-screening procedure for AF demonstrated excellent feasibility. The number needed to screen was 45 to detect one unrecognized case of AF in subjects at risk for stroke. Randomized studies with long-term follow-up are needed to assess whether self-screening for AF can reduce the incidence of AF-related complications.

Clinical trials
NCT04700865