bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Candida khanbhaisp. nov., a new clinically relevant yeast within theCandida haemuloniispecies complex
Authors: de Jong Auke W , Al-Obaid Khaled , Mohd Tap Ratna , Gerrits van den Ende Bert , Groenewald Marizeth , Joseph Leena , Ahmad Suhail , Hagen Ferry 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInvasive fungal infections caused by non-albicans Candida species are increasingly reported. Recent advances in diagnostic and molecular tools enabled better identification and detection of emerging pathogenic yeasts. The Candida haemulonii species complex accommodates several rare and recently described pathogenic species, C. duobushaemulonii, C. pseudohaemulonii, C. vulturna, and the most notorious example is the outbreak-causing multi-drug resistant member C. auris. Here, we describe a new clinically relevant yeast isolated from geographically distinct regions, representing the proposed novel species C. khanbhai, a member of the C. haemulonii species complex. Moreover, several members of the C. haemulonii species complex were observed to be invalidly described, including the clinically relevant species C. auris and C. vulturna. Hence, the opportunity was taken to correct this here, formally validating the names of C. auris, C. chanthaburiensis, C. konsanensis, C. metrosideri, C. ohialehuae, and C. vulturna.
Measuring the variability of directly imaged exoplanets using vector Apodizing Phase Plates combined with ground-based differential spectrophotometry
Authors: Sutlieff Ben J , Birkby Jayne L , Stone Jordan M , Doelman David S , Kenworthy Matthew A , Panwar Vatsal , Bohn Alexander J , Ertel Steve , Snik Frans , Woodward Charles E , Skemer Andrew J , Leisenring Jarron M , Strassmeier Klaus G , Charbonneau David 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTClouds and other features in exoplanet and brown dwarf atmospheres cause variations in brightness as they rotate in and out of view. Ground-based instruments reach the high contrasts and small inner working angles needed to monitor these faint companions, but their small fields of view lack simultaneous photometric references to correct for non-astrophysical variations. We present a novel approach for making ground-based light curves of directly imaged companions using high-cadence differential spectrophotometric monitoring, where the simultaneous reference is provided by a double-grating 360○ vector Apodizing Phase Plate (dgvAPP360) coronagraph. The dgvAPP360 enables high-contrast companion detections without blocking the host star, allowing it to be used as a simultaneous reference. To further reduce systematic noise, we emulate exoplanet transmission spectroscopy, where the light is spectrally dispersed and then recombined into white-light flux. We do this by combining the dgvAPP360 with the infrared Arizona Lenslets for Exoplanet Spectroscopy integral field spectrograph on the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer. To demonstrate, we observed the red companion HD 1160 B (separation ∼780 mas) for one night, and detect $8.8{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ semi-amplitude sinusoidal variability with an ∼3.24 h period in its detrended white-light curve. We achieve the greatest precision in ground-based high-contrast imaging light curves of sub-arcsecond companions to date, reaching $3.7{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ precision per 18-min bin. Individual wavelength channels spanning 3.59–3.99 μm further show tentative evidence of increasing variability with wavelength. We find no evidence yet of a systematic noise floor; hence, additional observations can further improve the precision. This is therefore a promising avenue for future work aiming to map storms or find transiting exomoons around giant exoplanets.
Self-regulation of black hole accretion via jets in early protogalaxies
Authors: Su Kung-Yi , Bryan Greg L , Haiman Zoltán , Somerville Rachel S , Hayward Christopher C , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The early growth of black holes (BHs) in high-redshift galaxies is likely feedback regulated. While radiative feedback has been extensively studied, the role of mechanical feedback has received less scrutiny to date. Here, we use high-resolution parsec-scale hydrodynamical simulations to study jet propagation and its effect on 100 M⊙ BH accretion in the dense, low-metallicity gas expected in early protogalaxies. As the jet propagates, it shocks the surrounding gas forming a jet cocoon. The cocoon consists of a rapidly cooling cold phase at the interface with the background gas and an overpressured subsonic phase of reverse shock-heated gas filling the interior. We vary the background gas density and temperature, BH feedback efficiency, and the jet model. We found that the width of the jet cocoon roughly follows a scaling derived by assuming momentum conservation in the jet-propagation direction and energy conservation in the lateral directions. Depending on the assumed gas and jet properties, the cocoon either stays elongated to large radii or isotropizes before reaching the Bondi radius, forming a nearly spherical bubble. Lower jet velocities and higher background gas densities result in self-regulation to higher momentum fluxes and elongated cocoons. In all cases, the outward cocoon momentum flux balances the inward inflowing gas momentum flux near the Bondi radius, which ultimately regulates BH accretion. The time-averaged accretion rate always remains below the Bondi rate, and exceeds the Eddington rate only if the ambient medium is dense and cold, and/or the jet is weak (low velocity and mass loading).
Observed and self-reported COVID-19 health protection behaviours on a university campus and the impact of a single simple intervention
Authors: Davies Rachel , Weinman John , Rubin G James 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, most data on adherence to health protective behaviours were collected via a self-report. We quantified the discrepancy between self-report data and discretely observed behaviour in a sample of university staff and students. We assessed the prevalence of cleaning hands, wearing a face-covering and maintaining distance from others. We also tested whether additional signage reminding people that these behaviours were mandatory improved observed adherence. Prevalence estimates based on self-report were higher than those based on observations. Signage was associated with improvements for observed behaviours (all χ2 ≥ 6.0, P &lt; 0.05). We caution that self-reported data can produce misleading adherence rates.
Anti-acid therapy in SSc-associated interstitial lung disease: long-term outcomes from the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Kreuter Michael , Bonella Francesco , Blank Norbert , Riemekasten Gabriela , Müller-Ladner Ulf , Henes Jörg , Siegert Elise , Günther Claudia , Kötter Ina , Pfeiffer Christiane , Schmalzing Marc , Zeidler Gabriele , Korsten Peter , Susok Laura , Juche Aaron , Worm Margitta , Jandova Ilona , Ehrchen Jan , Sunderkötter Cord , Keyßer Gernot , Ramming Andreas , Schmeiser Tim , Kreuter Alexander , Kuhr Kathrin , Lorenz Hanns-Martin , Moinzadeh Pia , Hunzelmann Nicolas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs frequently in patients with SSc. We investigated whether the presence of GERD and/or the use of anti-acid therapy, specifically proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), are associated with long-term outcomes, especially in SSc-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD).

Methods
We retrospectively analysed patients with SSc and SSc-ILD from the German Network for Systemic Sclerosis (DNSS) database (2003 onwards). Kaplan–Meier analysis compared overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with GERD vs without GERD (SSc and SSc-ILD), and PPI vs no PPI use (SSc-ILD only). Progression was defined as a decrease in either percentage predicted forced vital capacity of ≥10% or single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide of ≥15%, or death.

Results
It was found that 2693/4306 (63%) registered patients with SSc and 1204/1931 (62%) with SSc-ILD had GERD. GERD was not associated with decreased OS or decreased PFS in patients in either cohort. In SSc-ILD, PPI use was associated with improved OS vs no PPI use after 1 year [98.4% (95% CI: 97.6, 99.3); n = 760 vs 90.8% (87.9–93.8); n = 290] and after 5 years [91.4% (89.2–93.8); n = 357 vs 70.9% (65.2–77.1); n = 106; P &lt; 0.0001]. PPI use was also associated with improved PFS vs no PPI use after 1 year [95.9% (94.6–97.3); n = 745 vs 86.4% (82.9–90.1); n = 278] and after 5 years [66.8% (63.0–70.8); n = 286 vs 45.9% (39.6–53.2); n = 69; P &lt; 0.0001].

Conclusion
GERD had no effect on survival in SSc or SSc-ILD. PPIs improved survival in patients with SSc-ILD. Controlled, prospective trials are needed to confirm this finding.
Relationalvsrepresentational social cognitive processing: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of neuroimaging data
Authors: Arioli Maria , Cattaneo Zaira , Parimbelli Simone , Canessa Nicola 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe neurocognitive bases of social cognition have been framed in terms of representing others’ actions through the mirror system and their mental states via the mentalizing network. Alongside representing another person’s actions or mental states, however, social cognitive processing is also shaped by their (mis)match with one’s own corresponding states. Here, we addressed the distinction between representing others’ states through the action observation or mentalizing networks (i.e. representational processing) and detecting the extent to which such states align with one’s own ones (i.e. relational processing, mediated by social conflict). We took a meta-analytic approach to unveil the neural bases of both relational and representational processing by focusing on previously reported brain activations from functional magnetic resonance imaging studies using false-belief and action observation tasks. Our findings suggest that relational processing for belief and action states involves, respectively, the left and right temporo-parietal junction, likely contributing to self-other differentiation. Moreover, distinct sectors of the posterior fronto-medial cortex support social conflict processing for belief and action, possibly through the inhibition of conflictual representations. These data might pave the way for further studies addressing social conflict as an important component of normal and pathological processing, and inform the design of rehabilitative treatments for social deficits.
Transcriptome analysis highlights the role of ferroptosis in palmitic acid–induced endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Tan Xiao-Hui , Gu Yang-Yang , Song Wen-Peng , Nan Tie-Gui , Song Wei-Dong , Fang Dong , Yuan Yi-Ming , Xin Zhong-Cheng , Li Xue-Song , Guan Rui-Li 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPalmitic acid (PA) has a lipotoxic effect on blood vessels, leading to endothelial dysfunction and cell death. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood.AimWe sought to investigate the effects of PA on endothelial cells, with an emphasis on ferroptosis.MethodsRat corpus cavernosum endothelial cells (RCCECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with PA to induce a pattern of cell death, as evidenced by the evaluation of cell viability. The differentially expressed genes were measured via RNA sequencing to reveal potential mechanisms. The intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), ferrous ion (Fe2+), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated using commercial kits. Western blot was performed to determine the expressions of relative proteins.OutcomesAt the end of the study period, the evaluated outcomes were cell viability, transcriptome profiles, the expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), as well as levels of GSH, MDA, Fe2+, and ROS.ResultsPA-induced cell death of RCCECs and HUVECs was demonstrated in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Based on the findings of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), enrichment of many biological processes associated with cell cycle and response to stimulus occurred. More importantly, ferroptosis was highlighted in the bioinformatic analysis of both endothelial cells. The levels of intracellular Fe2+, MDA, and ROS were significantly increased following PA exposure while GSH was decreased, suggesting excessive iron accumulation, development of lipid peroxidation, and imbalanced redox homeostasis. Mechanistically, PA decreased the protein expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 in endothelial cells, both of which played crucial roles in ferroptotic cell death.Clinical TranslationThis study suggests that ferroptosis may be a useful target for novel therapeutic interventions for endothelial dysfunction and cell death in vascular diseases such as erectile dysfunction.Strengths and LimitationsIn this study, we found that ferroptosis could participate in PA-induced endothelial dysfunction and cell death. A limitation of the study is that it did not shed light on the overall mechanisms of this process. Therefore, further research on the intricate networks of regulating ferroptosis is needed.ConclusionOverall, the occurrence of ferroptosis was demonstrated in the PA-treated HUVECs and RCCECs in this study.
PERCLOS-based technologies for detecting drowsiness: current evidence and future directions
Authors: Abe Takashi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDrowsiness associated with sleep loss and circadian misalignment is a risk factor for accidents and human error. The percentage of time that the eyes are more than 80% closed (PERCLOS) is one of the most validated indices used for the passive detection of drowsiness, which is increased with sleep deprivation, after partial sleep restriction, at nighttime, and by other drowsiness manipulations during vigilance tests, simulated driving, and on-road driving. However, some cases have been reported wherein PERCLOS was not affected by drowsiness manipulations, such as in moderate drowsiness conditions, in older adults, and during aviation-related tasks. Additionally, although PERCLOS is one of the most sensitive indices for detecting drowsiness-related performance impairments during the psychomotor vigilance test or behavioral maintenance of wakefulness test, no single index is currently available as an optimal marker for detecting drowsiness during driving or other real-world situations. Based on the current published evidence, this narrative review suggests that future studies should focus on: (1) standardization to minimize differences in the definition of PERCLOS between studies; (2) extensive validation using a single device that utilizes PERCLOS-based technology; (3) development and validation of technologies that integrate PERCLOS with other behavioral and/or physiological indices, because PERCLOS alone may not be sufficiently sensitive for detecting drowsiness caused by factors other than falling asleep, such as inattention or distraction; and (4) further validation studies and field trials targeting sleep disorders and trials in real-world environments. Through such studies, PERCLOS-based technology may contribute to preventing drowsiness-related accidents and human error.
Effects of partially replacing dietary corn with sugars in a dual-flow continuous culture system on the ruminal microbiome
Authors: Ravelo Anay D , Arce-Cordero Jose A , Lobo Richard R , Liu Ting , Jeong Kwang C , Faciola Antonio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding sugars as a replacement for starch on the ruminal microbiome using a dual-flow continuous culture system. Four periods of 10 days each were conducted with 8 fermenters in a 4 × 4 replicated Latin square design. Treatments included: 1) control with corn—CON, 2) molasses—MOL, 3) untreated condensed whey permeate—CWP, and 4) CWP treated with a caustic agent—TCWP as a partial substitute for corn. Sugars were defined as the water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) concentration. Diets were formulated by replacing 4% of the diet DM in the form of starch from corn with the sugars in byproducts. Microbial samples for DNA analysis were collected from the solid and liquid effluent containers at 3, 6, and 9 h after feeding. Bacterial community composition was analyzed with sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina MiSeq platform. Data were analyzed with R 4.1.3 packages vegan, lmer, and ggplot to determine the effects of treatment on the relative abundance of taxa in the solid and liquid fractions, as well as the correlation of Acetate: Propionate ratio and pH to taxa relative abundance. Treatments did not affect alpha or beta diversity. At the phylum level the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was increased in CON compared to sugars in the solid fraction. In the liquid fraction, Firmicutes had greater relative abundance in sugar treatments while Bacteroidota and Spirochaetota were present in lower relative abundance in CWP. For solid and liquid samples, the family Lachnospiraceae had greater relative abundance in sugar treatments compared to CON. The decreased relative abundance of Christensenellaceae and Rikenellaceae paired with the greater relative abundance of Selenomonadaceae in CWP could help explain greater propionate molar proportion and decreased ruminal pH previously observed for this treatment. The genera Olsenella a lactic acid-producing bacterium, had the greatest relative abundance in MOL. Incorporating TCWP or MOL as a partial replacement for starch was more conservative of fibrolytic bacterial taxa compared to CWP. Additionally, TCWP did not increase bacterial taxa associated with synthesis of lactate as compared to MOL. Overall, replacing starch with sugars is mostly conservative of the ruminal microbiome; however, changes observed coincide with differences observed in acetate and propionate proportions and ruminal pH.
Short Implicit Voice Training Affects Listening Effort During a Voice Cue Sensitivity Task With Vocoder-Degraded Speech
Authors: Biçer Ada , Koelewijn Thomas , Başkent Deniz 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:
Understanding speech in real life can be challenging and effortful, such as in multiple-talker listening conditions. Fundamental frequency (f

o
) and vocal-tract length (vtl) voice cues can help listeners segregate between talkers, enhancing speech perception in adverse listening conditions. Previous research showed lower sensitivity to f

o
and vtl voice cues when speech signal was degraded, such as in cochlear implant hearing and vocoder-listening compared to normal hearing, likely contributing to difficulties in understanding speech in adverse listening. Nevertheless, when multiple talkers are present, familiarity with a talker’s voice, via training or exposure, could provide a speech intelligibility benefit. In this study, the objective was to assess how an implicit short-term voice training could affect perceptual discrimination of voice cues (f

o

+vtl), measured in sensitivity and listening effort, with or without vocoder degradations.

Design:
Voice training was provided via listening to a recording of a book segment for approximately 30 min, and answering text-related questions, to ensure engagement. Just-noticeable differences (JNDs) for f

o

+vtl were measured with an odd-one-out task implemented as a 3-alternative forced-choice adaptive paradigm, while simultaneously collecting pupil data. The reference voice either belonged to the trained voice or an untrained voice. Effects of voice training (trained and untrained voice), vocoding (non-vocoded and vocoded), and item variability (fixed or variable consonant-vowel triplets presented across three items) on voice cue sensitivity (f

o

+vtl JNDs) and listening effort (pupillometry measurements) were analyzed.

Results:
Results showed that voice training did not have a significant effect on voice cue discrimination. As expected, f

o

+vtl JNDs were significantly larger for vocoded conditions than for non-vocoded conditions and with variable item presentations than fixed item presentations. Generalized additive mixed models analysis of pupil dilation over the time course of stimulus presentation showed that pupil dilation was significantly larger during f

o

+vtl discrimination while listening to untrained voices compared to trained voices, but only for vocoder-degraded speech. Peak pupil dilation was significantly larger for vocoded conditions compared to non-vocoded conditions and variable items increased the pupil baseline relative to fixed items, which could suggest a higher anticipated task difficulty.

Conclusions:
In this study, even though short voice training did not lead to improved sensitivity to small f

o

+vtl voice cue differences at the discrimination threshold level, voice training still resulted in reduced listening effort for discrimination among vocoded voice cues.
Geriatric Patients Presenting With Isolated Pubic Rami Fractures and Inability to Mobilize May Have Occult Lateral Compression Pelvic Ring Injuries With Dynamic Instability
Authors: Tucker Nicholas J. , Scott Bryan , Mauffrey Cyril , Parry Joshua A. 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:
To determine the incidence of patients with isolated pubic rami fractures on computed tomography scans who have dynamic instability secondary to occult lateral compression pelvic ring injuries.

Design:
Retrospective comparison study.

Setting:
Urban level 1 trauma center.

Patients/Participants:
This study included geriatric patients with isolated pubic rami fractures and inability to mobilize secondary to pain.

Intervention:
Lateral stress radiographs of pelvis to evaluate for ≥1 cm dynamic instability.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Physical therapy clearance, hospital length of stay, and discharge location.

Results:
A total of 19 patients were identified over 12 months. Patients were predominantly geriatric (median age: 75 years, interquartile range: 67 to 90), woman (11/19), with unilateral (17/19) comminuted distal rami fractures (12/19) sustained in ground-level falls (12/19). Dynamic instability was identified in 42% of patients (8/19). Magnetic resonance imaging, obtained in 6 of these patients, demonstrated occult posterior ring fractures in all cases. Patients with dynamic instability were more likely to have comminuted distal rami fractures (Nakatani type 1b) and a longer hospital length of stay. There was also a trend for these patients to be unable to clear physical therapy by discharge (63% (5/8) versus 36% (4/11)). The 90-day mortality rate of the cohort was 16% (3/19).

Conclusions:
Patients presenting with seemingly isolated pubic rami fractures on radiographs and computed tomography scans who are unable to mobilize may have occult lateral compression injuries with dynamic instability.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.