bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparability of C-Peptide Measurements – Current Status and
Clinical Relevance
Authors: Hörber Sebastian , Orth Matthias , Fritsche Andreas , Peter Andreas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractC-peptide is an increasingly used and established marker for beta cell function
by assessing endogenous insulin secretion. Accurate and comparable C-peptide
measurements are needed in clinical practice and research studies. For example,
to calculate HOMA-indices, the C-peptide/glucose ratio, and the
classification of recently published novel subgroups of diabetes and prediabetes
have used C-peptide measurements. Although the process for standardization of
C-peptide measurements is advanced, its full implementation is still missing;
therefore, the current status of the comparability of C-peptide measurements
using different immunoassays is unclear. Here we compared five widely used
C-peptide immunoassays on different analyzers (Abbott ALINITY i, DiaSorin
Liaison XL, Roche Cobas e411, Siemens Healthineers ADVIA Centaur XPT, and
Immulite 2000 XPi) using serum samples covering the clinically relevant
C-peptide concentration range. Although all investigated immunoassays are
traceable to the international reference reagent for C-peptide (NIBSC code:
84/510), results of C-peptide measurements showed significant
differences between analyzers in the entire concentration range, especially with
increasing C-peptide concentrations. The mean bias was largest (36.6%)
between results of the immunoassays by Roche and Siemens Healthineers (ADVIA
Centaur XPT), and both assays revealed large discrepancies compared to
immunoassays by Abbott, DiaSorin, and Siemens Healthineers (Immulite 2000 XPi).
In contrast, the three latter assays showed similar C-peptide results (mean
bias: 2.3% to 4.2%). Consequently, C-peptide discrepancies might
affect clinical diagnosis and the interpretation of study results. Therefore,
there is an urgent need to implement and finalize the standardization process of
C-peptide measurements to improve patient care and the comparability of research
studies.
Ouratea spectabilis and its Biflavanone Ouratein D Exert Potent Anti-inflammatory Activity in MSU Crystal-induced Gout in Mice
Authors: Rocha Marina P. , Oliveira Diego P. , de Oliveira Vivian L. S. , Zaidan Isabella , Grossi Laís C. , Campana Priscilla R. V. , Amaral Flávio A. , Sousa Lirlândia P. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Braga Fernão C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGouty arthritis (GA) is an inflammatory arthritis triggered by the deposition of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals, causing pain, inflammation, and joint damage. Several drugs are currently employed to manage acute flares of GA, but they either have limited effectiveness or induce severe adverse reactions. Ouratea spectabilis is traditionally used in Brazil to treat gastric ulcers and rheumatism. The ethanolic extract of O. spectabilis stems (OSpC) and four biflavanones (ouratein A – D) isolated thereof were evaluated in a murine model of GA induced by the injection of MSU crystals. The underlying mechanism of action of ouratein D was investigated in vitro in cell cultures by measurement of IL-1β levels by ELISA and Western blot analysis. The administration of OSpC (10, 30 or 100 mg/Kg, p. o.) reduced the migration of total inflammatory cells, monocytes, and neutrophils and diminished the levels of IL-1β and CXCL1 in the synovial tissue. Among the tested compounds, only ouratein D (1 mg/Kg) reduced the migration of the inflammatory cells and it was shown to be active up to 0.01 mg/Kg (equivalent to 0.34 nM/Kg, p. o.). Treatment of pre-stimulated THP-1 cells (differentiated into macrophages) or BMDMs with ouratein D reduced the release of IL-1β in both macrophage lines. This biflavanone reduced the activation of caspase-1 (showed by the increase in the cleaved form) in supernatants of cultured BMDMs, evidencing its action in modulating the inflammasome pathway. The obtained results demonstrate the anti-gout properties of O. spectabilis and point out ouratein D as the bioactive component of the assayed extract.
Transnasal Endoscopic Approach for Resection of a Cavernous Sinus Cavernous Malformation
Authors: Zhao Lei , Wang Runfeng , Li Zhihong , Ma Bo , Zhang Zhiguo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives The complicated anatomy in the parasellar region of the middle cranial fossa renders a surgical challenge in the management of cavernous malformation in this region. We demonstrate the resection of a cavernous malformation in this operative video.
Design The procedure is presented via a surgical instructional video.
Setting The operation was performed by a skull base team in a tertiary neurosurgical center.
Participant A 49-year-old female presented with intermittent headache and right facial numbness for 6 months. Physical examination suggested a decreased sensation of pain, temperature, and light-touch on the right side of the face. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated that a space-occupying lesion located in the middle cranial fossa.
Results Gross total resection was achieved, and the cranial nerve function was preserved.
Conclusion The lesion involving middle cranial fossa should be managed meticulously. Transnasal endoscopic approach is a good option for the resection of the lesion. Simultaneously, the cavernous sinus should be protected to a great extent in case of bleeding and cranial nerve injury.The link to the video can be found at https://youtu.be/tbN8tuEb6nM (Figs. 1 and 2).
Risk Factors for the Incidence of the Volar Lunate Facet Fragments in Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Mitsuzawa Sadaki , Takeuchi Hisataka , Tsukamoto Yoshihiro , Yamashita Shinnosuke , Ota Satoshi , Onishi Eijiro , Yasuda Tadashi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background The volar lip of the distal radius is the key structure for wrist joint stability. Rigid fixation of the volar lunate facet (VLF) fragment is difficult because of its unique anatomy, and a high rate of postoperative displacement was demonstrated.
Purposes The aim of the study is to identify risk factors for VLF in distal radius fractures (DRFs) and to reconsider the important point for primary fixation.
Patients and Methods One hundred fifty-five patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation for an DRF were included and classified into one of the following two groups: VLF(+)or VLF(−). Demographic data, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), laterality, trauma mechanism, and AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification were recorded. Several parameters were investigated using wrist radiographs of the uninjured side and computed tomography scans of the injured side. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the risk factors for VLF.
Results There were 25 patients in the VLF(+) group and 130 patients in the VLF(−) group. The incidence of VLF was 16.1%. The VLF(+) group tended to have a higher BMI and higher energy trauma mechanism. The odds ratio for the sigmoid notch angle (SNA), volar tilt (VT), and lunate facet curvature radius (LFCR) were 0.84, 1.32, and 0.70, respectively, with multivariate analysis, which was significant. A smaller SNA, larger VT, and smaller LFCR are potential risk factors for VLF.
Conclusion Over-reduction of the VT at primary fixation should be avoided because it could place an excess burden on the VLF and cause subsequent postoperative fixation failure and volar carpal subluxation.
Level of Evidence IV
Effect of diurnal feeding times and sources of energy supplementation to optimise rearing of F1 Angus × Nellore young bulls
Authors: Berça Andressa Scholz , Cardoso Abmael da Silva , Fonseca Natália Vilas Boas , Poppi Dennis P. , Tedeschi Luís Orlindo , Micheletti Isabela Rita Coletti , Meireles Willi Rocha , Ruggieri Ana Cláudia , Reis Ricardo Andrade 
Published: January 2023

Context Energy supplementation with highly fermentable carbohydrates can be a strategy to maximise the efficiency of nitrogen use (ENU) from high-nutritional value forages. Aims The study aimed to investigate the independent or associated effects of two diurnal feeding times (0900 or 1700 hours) with two sources of energy supplementation (corn or citrus pulp) in the growing of F1 Angus × Nellore young bulls on palisade grass pastures, and their implications on the forage chemical composition, nutrient intake and digestibility, ENU, microbial protein synthesis, animal performance, and gain per area. Methods There were 36 bulls used as experimental animals, with initial bodyweight (BW) of 290 ± 5 kg, and 32 similar bulls were used in a put-and-take system to maintain sward characteristics. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomised design with four treatments and three replications (paddocks). The treatments consisted of energy supplementation at 0.3% BW with corn or citrus pulp fed at 0900 or 1700 hours for four periods of 28 days. For evaluation of ruminal and blood parameters, ENU, intake, and nutrient digestibility, eight ruminal cannulated 1/2 Aberdeen Angus × 1/2 Nellore young bulls were used, with 280 ± 7 kg of initial BW, distributed in a 4 × 4 double Latin square design, consisting of four periods and four treatments. Key results Supplementation at 0.3% of BW with corn or citrus pulp at 0900 or 1700 hours can reach up to 1.06 kg/day of young bulls reared on palisade grass pastures fertilised with 180 kg nitrogen/ha/year and managed at 25 cm of height compared with corn-based supplements. There were no effects on microbial protein synthesis or its efficiency. Conclusions Citrus pulp can be used as an alternative energy source to corn, because it has the same potential for animal performance, ENU and microbial protein synthesis in tropical pastures with a high proportion of soluble protein, and structural and non-fibrous carbohydrates with high dry matter digestibility. Implications Supplementing grazing beef cattle at 0.3% BW with corn or citrus pulp in the morning or afternoon is an efficient nutritional strategy to improve animal performance.
Oxygen vacancy-engineered titanium-based perovskite for boosting H
2
O activation and lower-temperature hydrolysis of organic sulfur
Authors: Wei Zheng , Zhao Mengfei , Yang Zhenwen , Duan Xiaoxiao , Jiang Guoxia , Li Ganggang , Zhang Fenglian , Hao Zhengping 
Published: January 2023

Modulation of water activation is crucial to water-involved chemical reactions in heterogeneous catalysis. Organic sulfur (COS and CS
2
) hydrolysis is such a typical reaction involving water (H
2
O) molecule as a reactant. However, limited by the strong O-H bond in H
2
O, satisfactory CS
2
hydrolysis performance is attained at high temperature above 310 °C, which is at the sacrifice of the Claus conversion, strongly hindering sulfur recovery efficiency improvement and pollution emissions control of the Claus process. Herein, we report a facile oxygen vacancy (V
O
) engineering on titanium-based perovskite to motivate H
2
O activation for enhanced COS and CS
2
hydrolysis at lower temperature. Increased amount of V
O
contributed to improved degree of H
2
O dissociation to generate more active -OH, due to lower energy barrier for H
2
O dissociation over surface rich in V
O
, particularly V
O
clusters. Besides, low-coordinated Ti ions adjacent to V
O
were active sites for H
2
O activation. Consequently, complete conversion of COS and CS
2
was achieved over SrTiO
3
after H
2
reduction treatment at 225 °C, a favorable temperature for the Claus conversion, at which both satisfying COS and CS
2
hydrolysis performance and improved sulfur recovery efficiency can be obtained simultaneously. Additionally, the origin of enhanced hydrolysis activity from boosted H
2
O activation by V
O
was revealed via in-depth mechanism study. This provides more explicit direction for further design of efficacious catalysts for H
2
O-involved reactions.
The relationship of Amazonian adolescents with natural environments before and during social isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic (La relación de los adolescentes del Amazonas con los entornos naturales antes y después del aislamiento social en la pandemia de COVID-19)
Authors: Gasparetto-Higuchi Maria-Inês , Teixeira-Paz Damaris , Ferrari-Justulin-Zacarias Elisa , Vilar-de-Almeida Renata 
Published: January 2023

The research shows the relationship of adolescents with natural environments and some impacts arising from the social isolation imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. A face-to-face survey was applied with 277 adolescents (mean = 16.08 years; SD = 1.09) before the pandemic was declared, and during the pandemic 79 of them returned to answer an online survey. The results showed that adolescents had different frequencies of contact with natural environments before social isolation, but in that case, the family was the main mediator. Those who went more often to natural environments and who saw themselves as part of nature were the ones who most missed nature and wanted to go to natural spaces, and were also those who expressed greater concern about environmental problems during the pandemic.
Asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein constraint equations with apparent horizon boundary and the Penrose inequality for perturbations of Schwarzschild-AdS
*
Authors: Khuri Marcus , Kopiński Jarosław 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We prove the existence of asymptotically hyperbolic solutions to the vacuum Einstein constraint equations with a marginally outer trapped boundary of positive mean curvature, using the constant mean curvature conformal method. As an application of this result, we verify the Penrose inequality for certain perturbations of Schwarzschild Anti-de Sitter black hole initial data.
5D thermal field theory, Einstein field equations and spontaneous symmetry breaking
Authors: Ganesh S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
It has been shown previously, that the spatial thermal variation of a thermal medium can be recast as a variation in the Euclidean metric. It is now extended to temporal variations in temperature, for a non-relativistic thermal bath, which remains in local thermal equilibrium. This is achieved by examining the thermal field theory in a five-dimensional (5D) space–time–temperature. The bulk thermodynamic quantity, namely the energy density, is calculated for a neutral scalar field with a time-dependent Hamiltonian. Furthermore, the concept of recasting thermal variations as a variation in the metric is extended to thermal systems in a gravitational field. The Einstein field equations, in the 5D space–time–temperature, is determined. It is shown that, if the scalar Lagrangian is non-minimally coupled with gravity, the resulting Ricci scalar can lead to spontaneous symmetry breaking, leading to the Higgs mechanism. In essence, the asymmetry in the distribution of temperature in space–time can translate to spontaneous symmetry breaking of particle fields, in a very strong gravitational field.
Zwitterionic nanocapsules with pH- and thermal- responsiveness for drug-controlled release
Authors: Sun Zhijuan , Yang Lei , Xu Chenchen , Cai Chenxin , Li Li 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The construction of an environmentally responsive drug-release system is of great significance for the treatment of special diseases. In particular, the construction of nanomaterials with pH- and thermal-responsiveness, which can effectively encapsulate drugs and control drug release, is becoming hot research. In this study, zwitterionic nanocapsules with stable core–shell structures were synthesized by inverse reversible addition-fragmentation transfer miniemulsion interfacial polymerization. To further study the structure and performance of the nanocapsules, the prepared nanocapsules were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light dispersion, and zeta potential analysis. It was found that the nanocapsules had dual pH- and thermal- responsiveness, and the average particle size ranged from 178 to 142 nm when the temperature changed from 25 °C to 40 °C. In addition, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was encapsulated into nanocapsules, and sustained release experiments were conducted at 10 °C and 40 °C. The results showed that nanocapsules as carriers of BSA could achieve the purpose of sustained release of drugs, and showed different sustained release curves at different temperatures. Finally, in vitro cytotoxicity tests were performed to demonstrate the feasibility of their biomedical application. It is believed that the dual pH- and thermal- responsive nanocapsules are promising for drug-controlled release.
Improving the performance of quantum approximate optimization for preparing non-trivial quantum states without translational symmetry
Authors: Sun Zheng-Hang , Wang Yong-Yi , Cui Jian , Fan Heng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The variational preparation of complex quantum states using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is of fundamental interest, and becomes a promising application of quantum computers. Here, we systematically study the performance of QAOA for preparing ground states of target Hamiltonians near the critical points of their quantum phase transitions, and generating Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states. We reveal that the performance of QAOA is related to the translational invariance of the target Hamiltonian: without the translational symmetry, for instance due to the open boundary condition (OBC) or randomness in the system, the QAOA becomes less efficient. We then propose a generalized QAOA assisted by the parameterized resource Hamiltonian (PRH-QAOA), to achieve a better performance. In addition, based on the PRH-QAOA, we design a low-depth quantum circuit beyond one-dimensional geometry, to generate GHZ states with perfect fidelity. The experimental realization of the proposed scheme for generating GHZ states on Rydberg-dressed atoms is discussed. Our work paves the way for performing QAOA on programmable quantum processors without translational symmetry, especially for recently developed two-dimensional quantum processors with OBC.
Entangled rendezvous: a possible application of Bell non-locality for mobile agents on networks
Authors: Mironowicz P 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Rendezvous is an old problem of assuring that two or more parties, initially separated, not knowing the position of each other, and not allowed to communicate, are striving to meet without pre-agreement on the meeting point. This problem has been extensively studied in classical computer science and has vivid importance to modern and future applications. Quantum non-locality, like Bell inequality violation, has shown that in many cases quantum entanglement allows for improved coordination of two, or more, separated parties compared to classical sources. The non-signaling correlations in many cases even strengthened such phenomena. In this work, we analyze, how Bell non-locality can be used by asymmetric location-aware agents trying to rendezvous on a finite network with a limited number of steps. We provide the optimal solution to this problem for both agents using quantum resources, and agents with only ‘classical’ computing power. Our results show that for cubic graphs and cycles it is possible to gain an advantage by allowing the agents to use the assistance of entangled quantum states.
Three New Spiral Galaxies with Active Nuclei Producing Double Radio Lobes
Authors: Gao X. Y. , Yuan Z. S. , Han J. L. , Wen Z. L. , Shan S. S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Double radio lobes are generally believed to be produced by active nuclei of elliptical galaxies. However, several double-lobed radio sources have been solidly found to be associated with spiral galaxies. By cross-matching ∼9 × 105 spiral galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR8 data with the full 1.4 GHz radio source catalogs of NRAO VLA Sky Survey and Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters, we identify three new spiral galaxies: J0326−0623, J1110+0321 and J1134+3046 that produce double radio lobes, and five double-lobed spirals previously known. By combining the newly discovered and all the other known cases in literature, we confirm the relation that more massive spiral galaxies could produce more powerful radio lobes. We find that most of these spiral galaxies are located in a galaxy group or a poor cluster, in which the environment is denser than in the field, and about half of them are the central brightest galaxies in their parent system. We therefore suggest that the environment is one of the key factors for a spiral to produce double radio lobes.
Two-bands Ising superconductivity from Coulomb interactions in monolayer

NbSe2
Authors: Hörhold Sebastian , Graf Juliane , Marganska Magdalena , Grifoni Milena 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The nature of superconductivity in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides is still under debate. It has already been argued that repulsive Coulomb interactions, combined with the disjoint Fermi surfaces around the K, Kʹ valleys and at the Γ point, can lead to superconducting instabilities in monolayer

NbSe
2

. Here, we demonstrate the two-bands nature of superconductivity in

NbSe
2

. It arises from the competition of repulsive long range intravalley and short range intervalley interactions together with Ising spin–orbit coupling. The two distinct superconducting gaps, one for each spin-orbit split band, consist of a mixture of s-wave and f-wave components. Their different amplitudes are due to the difference between the normal densities of states of the two bands at the Fermi level. Using a microscopic multiband BCS approach, we derive and self-consistently solve the gap equation, demonstrating the stability of nontrivial solutions in a realistic parameter range. We find a universal behavior of the temperature dependence of the gaps and of the critical in-plane field which is consistent with various sets of existing experimental data.
Modeling of optical wave propagation through turbulent atmosphere using fractional approach for FSO wireless communication
Authors: Khan Abdullah Nafis , Zubair Muhammad , Younis Usman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Free space optical (FSO) wireless communication has emerged as a viable alternative to the existing fiber optics and radio frequency (RF) communications due to its ability to operate in unlicensed spectrum, offering huge data handling capacities and being cost effective with easy deployment. The underlying communication mechanism in the FSO link is based upon the laser beam propagation model. The propagating free space optical beam undergoes signal degradation due to refraction and diffraction caused by atmospheric turbulence measured by refractive index structure parameter (C
n

2). In this work, a novel, robust analytical model for propagating Gaussian-beam through atmospheric turbulence is presented, by solving the space-fractional paraxial wave equation. We report analytical expressions for the intensity and long-term beam spreading of a Gaussian beam in terms of space-fractional parameter D, for the range 2 < D ≤ 3. This range of parameter D, defines the effective number of euclidean space corresponding to atmospheric turbulence levels faced by the propagating Gaussian beam in the FSO link. The results of the proposed fractional model and the existing models agreed well, therefore the D-dimensional parameter can be used to effectively express the value of refractive index structure parameter (C
n

2). The classical values of C
n

2 ranges form 10−13 to 10−16 for strong to weak fluctuations respectively. However, in fractional-dimension scale, these fluctuations can be express as D = 2.668 (strong fluctuations) to D = 2.999 (weak fluctuations). The ideal case of free space beam propagation can be expressed as D = 3, with no turbulence. Moreover, we have studied the fractional-dimension model performance for varying wavelengths. Further, based upon a practical example, we proposed a self-sustainable FSO link architecture to efficiently minimize the effect of weak and strong fluctuations on the propagating optical beam, based upon the D-dimension fractional parameter, hence ensuring reliability of FSO link.