bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Service Use and Barriers to Accessing Services in a Cohort of Transgender, Gender Diverse, and Non-binary Adults in Australia
Authors: Cronin Timothy J. , Pepping Christopher A. , Lyons Anthony 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Transgender, gender diverse, and non-binary people (TGDNB) access mental health services more frequently compared to the cisgender population, yet they continue to experience significant unmet mental health needs. The present study examined rates of mental health service use, satisfaction with services, barriers to service access, and help-seeking intentions in a sample of TGDNB adults in Australia. In addition, we examined whether barriers to service access were associated with help-seeking intentions.

Methods
Participants were 150 TGDNB adults (Mage = 37.19, SD = 15.73) who reported transfeminine (n = 77), transmasculine (n = 37), or non-binary (n = 36) genders. Self-reported recency of service use, satisfaction with services, barriers to service access, and help-seeking intentions were obtained in an online questionnaire, completed in 2016.

Results
Most participants had accessed mental health services in the past 6 months (55.3%). However, less than two thirds were either very satisfied (28%) or somewhat satisfied (32.7%) with these services. Common barriers to accessing services included a lack of professionals adequately trained and competent to work with TGDNB people, the cost of services, and concern with being treated poorly. Barriers to accessing services were negatively associated with help-seeking intentions, and stigma-related barriers had a greater negative effect on help-seeking intentions when satisfaction with prior services was low.

Conclusions
TGDNB adults face multiple barriers to accessing mental health services, many of which appear to predict help-seeking intentions.

Policy Implications
Implications and future research directions are discussed, with particular emphasis on ways to reduce barriers to service access for TGDNB adults.
Identification of a gene set that maintains tumorigenicity of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Li-7
Authors: Seyama Yusuke , Sudo Kazuhiro , Hirose Suguru , Hamano Yukako , Yamada Takeshi , Hiroyama Takashi , Sasaki Ryosuke , Hirai Masami Yokota , Hyodo Ichinosuke , Tsuchiya Kiichiro , Nakamura Yukio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe identification and development of therapeutic targets in cancer stem cells that lead to tumor development, recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance is an important goal in cancer research. The hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Li-7 contains functionally different types of cells. Cells with tumor-forming activity are enriched in cancer stem cell-like CD13+CD166− cells and this cell population gradually decreases during culture in conventional culture medium (RPMI1640 containing 10% fetal bovine serum). When Li-7 cells are cultured in mTeSR1, a medium developed for human pluripotent stem cells, CD13+CD166− cells, and their tumorigenicity is maintained. Here, we sought to identify the mechanisms of tumorigenicity in this sub-population. We compared gene expression profiles of CD13+CD166− cells with other cell sub-populations and identified nine overexpressed genes (ENPP2, SCGN, FGFR4, MCOLN3, KCNJ16, SMIM22, SMIM24, SERPINH1, and TMPRSS2) in CD13+CD166− cells. After transfer from mTeSR1 to RPMI1640 containing 10% fetal bovine serum, the expression of these nine genes decreased in Li-7 cells and they lost tumorigenicity. In contrast, when these genes of Li-7 cells were forcibly expressed in cultures using RPMI1640 containing 10% fetal bovine serum, Li-7 cells maintained tumorigenicity. A metabolome analysis using capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry showed that two metabolic pathways, “Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism” and “Arginine biosynthesis” were activated in cancer stem-cell-like cells. Our analyses here showed potential therapeutic target genes and metabolites for treatment of cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Evolutionary generative design of supercritical airfoils: an automated approach driven by small data
Authors: Sun Kebin , Wang Weituo , Cheng Ran , Liang Yu , Xie Hairun , Wang Jing , Zhang Miao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSupercritical airfoils are critical components in the design of commercial wide-body aircraft wings due to their ability to enhance aerodynamic performance in transonic flow regimes. However, traditional design methods for supercritical airfoils can be time-consuming and require significant manual effort, not to mention the high cost associated with computational fluid dynamics analysis. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a highly automated approach for supercritical airfoil design, called Evolutionary Generative Design (EvoGD). The EvoGD approach is based on the framework of Evolutionary Computation and employs a series of sophisticated data-driven generative models incorporated with physical information to iteratively refine initial airfoil shapes, resulting in improved aerodynamic performances and reduced constraint violations. Moreover, to speed up the evaluation of the generated airfoils, a series of accurate and efficient data-driven predictors are utilized. The efficacy of the EvoGD approach was demonstrated through experiments on a dataset of 501 supercritical airfoils, including one baseline design and 500 randomly perturbed airfoils. On average, the generated airfoils showed improved performance in terms of buffet lift coefficient, cruise lift-to-drag ratio, and thickness by 5%, 4%, and 1%, respectively. The best generated airfoil outperformed the baseline design in terms of critical buffet lift coefficient and cruise lift-to-drag ratio by 7.1% and 6.4%, respectively. The entire design process was completed in less than an hour on a personal computer, highlighting the high efficiency and scalability of the EvoGD approach.
Characterization of Upper Cretaceous Matulla and Wata clastic reservoirs from October field, Central Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Farouk Sherif , Sen Souvik , Saada Saada Ahmed , Eldosouky Ahmed M. , Elsayed Romaisaa , Kassem Ahmed A. , Al-Kahtany Khaled , Abdeldaim Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to integrate petrographic thin sections, SEM, XRD, routine core analysis, gas chromatography, and wireline logs to present a comprehensive petrographic and petrophysical assessment of the shallow marine clastic reservoirs of the Coniacian-Santonian Matulla Formation and upper Turonian Wata Formation from the October field, Central Gulf of Suez Basin. The fine to very fine-grained glauconite-bearing subarkose quartz arenites of the Matulla and Wata reservoirs exhibit good intergranular primary porosity with good pore connectivity. Moderate to slight compaction and grain to grain pressure solution resulted in a slightly inhomogeneous packing of framework grains. Feldspar dissolution contributed to the secondary porosity which improved the reservoir quality, while quartz overgrowth and minor calcite cementation are inferred as porosity destroying diagenetic agents. Pore-filling kaolinite and clay phases also had a negative effect on reservoir storage capacity. Routine core analysis indicated > 20% porosity and up to 412 mD permeability in the meso-megaporous sandstones of both the reservoirs. Permeability anisotropy analysis of Matulla samples indicates the dominance of primary depositional fabric and isotropic pores with minor scattered/connected horizontal pores and vertical pore connectivity. Wireline log-based quantitative petrophysical assessments exhibit low shale volume and higher hydrocarbon saturation (up to 80%) on both the reservoirs, which is also supported by the gas chromatography data confirming the presence of oil in the Matulla, and Wata pay zones based on interpreted gas balance, wetness, and character ratios. The study concludes excellent reservoir properties in the Upper Cretaceous clastic intervals of the October field.
Improving tobacco social contagion models using agent-based simulations on networks
Authors: Prabhakaran Adarsh , Restocchi Valerio , Goddard Benjamin D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTobacco use is the leading cause of preventable deaths in developed countries. Many interventions and policies have been implemented to reduce the levels of smoking but these policies rarely rely on models that capture the full complexity of the phenomenon. For instance, one feature usually neglected is the long-term effect of social contagion, although empirical research shows that this is a key driver of both tobacco initiation and cessation. One reason why social contagion is often dismissed is that existing models of smoking dynamics tend to be based on ordinary differential equation (ODE), which are not fit to study the impact of network effects on smoking dynamics. These models are also not flexible enough to consider all the interactions between individuals that may lead to initiation or cessation. To address this issue, we develop an agent-based model (ABM) that captures the complexity of social contagion in smoking dynamics. We validate our model with real-world data on historical prevalence of tobacco use in the US and UK. Importantly, our ABM follows empirical evidence and allows for both initiation and cessation to be either spontaneous or a consequence of social contagion. Additionally, we explore in detail the effect of the underlying network topology on smoking dynamics. We achieve this by testing our ABM on six different networks, both synthetic and real-world, including a fully-connected network to mimic ODE models. Our results suggest that a fully-connected network is not well-suited to replicate real data, highlighting the need for network models of smoking dynamics. Moreover, we show that when a real network is not available, good alternatives are networks generated by the Lancichinetti–Fortunato–Radicchi and Erdős–Rényi algorithms. Finally, we argue that, in light of these results, our ABM can be used to better study the long-term effects of tobacco control policies.
Exploring Deep Learning Approaches for Short-Term Passenger Demand Prediction
Authors: Ghandeharioun Zahra , Zendehdel Nobari Parham , Wu Wenhui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn accurate short-term passenger demand forecast makes a contribution to the coordination of traffic supply and demand. Forecasting the short-term passenger demand for the on-demand transportation service platform is of utmost significance since it might incentivize empty cars to relocate from over-supply regions to over-demand regions. Yet, because spatial, temporal, and exogenous dependencies need to be evaluated concurrently, short-term passenger demand forecasting may be rather difficult. This article aims to investigate several methods that can be utilized to forecast short-term traffic demand, with a primary emphasis on deep learning approaches. We examine varying degrees of temporal aggregation and how these levels affect various architectural configurations. In addition, by analyzing 22 models representing 5 distinct architectural configurations, we illustrate the influence of varying layer configurations within each architecture. The findings indicate that the long-term short memory (LSTM) structures perform the best for short-term time series forecasting, but more complex architectures do not significantly enhance the outcomes. Moreover, considering the spatiotemporal aspects results in an improvement in the prediction of more than fifty percent. In addition, we investigate the vectorization of time, also known as Time2Vec, as a way of embedding to make it possible for a selected algorithm to recognize periodic characteristics in time series, and we show that the outcome is improved by fifteen percent.
Physicochemical Variation of Clay Minerals and Enrichment of Rare Earth Elements in Regolith-hosted Deposits: Exemplification from The Bankeng Deposit in South China
Authors: Li Martin Yan Hei , Zhou Mei-Fu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe wide application of rare earth elements (REEs) in the development of a carbon–neutral society has urged resource exploration worldwide in recent years. Regolith-hosted REE deposits are a major source of global REE supply and are hosted mostly in clay minerals. Nonetheless, the ways in which changes in the physicochemical properties of clay minerals during weathering affect the concentrations of REEs in the regolith are not well known. In the current study, a world-class regolith-hosted REE deposit (Bankeng, South China) has been studied to illustrate further the effect of clay minerals on sorption and fractionation of REEs during weathering to form economic deposits. In the weathering profile, halloysite and illite are abundant in the saprolite due to weathering of feldspars and biotite from the bedrock. During weathering, halloysite and illite transform gradually to kaolinite and vermiculite. The large specific surface area, pore volume, and cation exchange capacity of the clay mineral assemblages are favorable to the sorption of REEs, probably because of the formation of vermiculite. The abundance of vermiculite could explain the enrichment of REEs in the upper part of the lower pedolith. For the saprolite-pedolith interface, halloysite is probably the main sorbent for the REEs, as indicated by the distinctive appearance of pore sizes of 2.4–2.8 nm characteristic of halloysite. The progressive transformation of halloysite to kaolinite reduces the pores and desorbs the REEs, causing REE depletion in the shallower soils. As a result, REEs were mobilized downward and re-sorbed in the lower pedolith-upper saprolite causing gradual enrichment and formation of these regolith-hosted deposits.
Using topic modeling to understand comments in student evaluations of teaching
Authors: Sun Jie , Yan Lu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWritten comments in student evaluations of teaching offer a rich source of data for understanding instructors’ teaching and students’ learning experiences. However, most previous studies on student evaluations of teaching have focused on numeric ratings of close-ended questions, while few studies have tried to analyze the content of students’ written comments on open-ended questions, which normally involves a labor-intensive manual process of coding and categorizing. Such qualitative efforts prevent solutions on a large scale since it is almost impossible to go through all the textual data manually. Therefore, an innovative quantitative method that can analyze a large corpus of data holds great promise. This paper proposes the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) method of topic modeling to discover important themes that emerge in students’ written comments. We compare our results with findings in previous qualitative studies. We also investigate how these themes vary by course grade level and course subject. Our results provide evidence that topic modeling can be an effective and efficient alternative for understanding teaching and learning experiences through students’ written comments on a large scale.
„Beste Landpartie Allgemeinmedizin“ (BeLA): motivationale Faktoren für Medizinstudierende für eine ländliche Berufstätigkeit – eine qualitative Befragungsstudie
Authors: Schelter Frederik , Werner Felix , Roos Marco 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine wohnortnahe hausärztliche Versorgung ist durch verschiedene Faktoren gefährdet. In Bayern soll das Programm „Beste Landpartie Allgemeinmedizin“ (BeLA) Studierende für eine (haus)ärztliche Tätigkeit auf dem Land motivieren. Hieraus lassen sich 2 Fragen ableiten: „Mit welchen Motiven bewerben sich Studierende für das BeLA-Programm?“ sowie „Lassen sich übergreifende Faktoren zur ärztlichen Tätigkeit auf dem Land identifizieren und für die Rekrutierung nutzen?“.

Methoden
Es wurden 18 leitfadengestützte Interviews zur Exploration durchgeführt. Aus den individuellen Motivationen wurden positive Erwartungen und das negative Gegenbild der ärztlichen Tätigkeit auf dem Land individuell entwickelt und ein Idealbild (positiver Gegenhorizont) der angenommenen eigenen ärztlichen Tätigkeit auf dem Land gezeichnet.

Ergebnisse
Die von den Studierenden im Interview genannten Aspekte des Landlebens lassen sich grob in 4 Kategorien einteilen: das ruhige Landleben, die Nähe zu den Patient:innen, die Familie auf dem Land und die Vergleichbarkeit mit der Stadt. Die Befragten zeichnen ein Idealbild von ärztlicher Tätigkeit auf dem Land. Die Motivation ist dabei bereits so stark ausgeprägt, dass die individuellen positiven Gegenhorizonte negative Aspekte des Idealbilds schwach gewichten. Das Land selbst wird hierbei als natürliche Idylle dargestellt.

Diskussion
Die Befragten bringen bei Eintritt in das Programm eine hohe Motivation, später Landärzt:in zu werden, mit. Für die Rekrutierung von unentschlossenen Studierenden, die eine ärztliche Tätigkeit auf dem Land in Erwägung ziehen, scheinen in solchen Programmen andere Ansprachen nötig zu sein. Die starke persönliche Verknüpfung der für das Land Motivierten bietet Ansatzpunkte, die Kriterien für den Zugang zum Medizinstudium insbesondere im Hinblick auf Maßnahmen wie die Landarztquote anzupassen.
Sensory threshold for defecation and its correlation with pelvic organ prolapse: An exploration of related factors
Authors: Liu Yanhua , Tan Man , Tan Cheng , Yang Xin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis research aimed to investigate changes in defecation sensory threshold and related factors in patients with posterior vaginal wall prolapse.MethodsA total of 214 patients with pelvic organ prolapse were recruited between October 2019 to January 2021. All patients underwent a defecation sensory threshold examination, physical examination, and pelvic floor ultrasound examination. Factors related to the defecation sensory threshold were analyzed.Results(1) Among the participants, 57 patients (26.6%) had a defecation sensory threshold of more than 90 ​ml. Patients with a threshold > 90 ​ml showed higher scores of defecation dysfunction in the Constipation Scoring System (CSS) score (p=0.003) and higher scores of constipation in the Colorectal-anal Distress Inventory 8 (CRADI-8) score (p=0.002). (2) The defecation sensation threshold positively correlated with the Ap point (r=0.448,p<0.001), the Bp point (r=0.345,p=0.009), the area of the levator-ani hiatus measured by transvaginal ultrasound (r=0.403,p=0.002), and parity (r=0.355,p=0.007).ConclusionsPatients diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse commonly experience an increased threshold of defecation sensation. Elevated thresholds were associated with more frequent constipation symptoms. Additionally, the severity of posterior pelvic prolapse positively correlated with the defecation sensory threshold.
The management of torsion of huge pedunculated fibroid in 19 weeks pregnant in a low-income country, a case report
Authors: Tawashi Kenana , Tawashi Yamama , Jomaa Sami , Alabdallah Eyad , Al-Hussien Mustafa , Ammar Ameen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction and importance
Fibroids are common benign neoplasms of the uterus, exciting in >70% of women. Also, in 0.3–15% of pregnant. They are classified into submucosal, intramural, and subserosal. The diagnosis depends on ultrasound imaging, while the treatment depends on surveillance, drugs, and surgery.

Case presentation
A 43-year-old nulligravida at 19 weeks’ gestation complained of increased unresponsive subacute pain that started for 3 weeks. She was apprehensive and pale and had digestive disturbances. The physical examination showed tenderness, and the size of the uterus was equivalent to 36 weeks. The radiological investigations showed a live fetus and a well-defined subserosal fibroid measuring 20 × 19 cm, connected to the uterus by a peduncle with torsion signs on echo-Doppler. A myomectomy was done and we had good outcomes for both the mother and fetus.

Clinical discussion
Many factors get together and make our case extraordinary; the rapid increase in size, the size of the fibroid, the pregnancy, the torsion, and the lack of equipment in our area that forced us to treat the patient urgently by laparotomy, which had risks on both the mother and the fetus.

Conclusion
This case highlights that even though laparoscopy is the best choice to treat fibroids during pregnancy; laparotomy is a good choice and has good outcomes for both the mother and the fetus in low-income countries. In addition, Fast diagnosis and treatment also are important to get the best results, especially in complicated situations.

Highlights
Toward a translational team science hierarchy of needs: Exploring the information management challenges of team science
Authors: Kelly Patrick W. , Chladek Jason , Rolland Betsy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:
Clinical and Translational Research (CTR) requires a team-based approach, with successful teams engaging in skilled management and use of information. Yet we know little about the ways that Translational Teams (TTs) engage with information across the lifecycle of CTR projects. This qualitative study explored the challenges that information management imposes on the conduct of team-based CTR.

Methods:
We conducted interviews with ten members of TTs at University of Wisconsin. Interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis was conducted.

Results:
TTs’ piecemeal and reactive approaches to information management created conflict within the team and slowed scientific progress. The lack of cohesive information management strategies made it more difficult for teams to develop strong team processes like communication, scientific coordination, and project management. While TTs’ research was hindered by the institutional challenges of interdisciplinary team information sharing, TTs who had developed shared approaches to information management that foregrounded transparency, accountability, and trust, described substantial benefits to their teamwork.

Conclusion:
We propose a new model for the Science of Team Science field – a Translational Team Science Hierarchy of Needs – that suggests interventions should be targeted at the appropriate stage of team development in order to maximize a team’s scientific potential.
Strong convergence of peaks over a threshold
Authors: Padoan Simone A. , Rizzelli Stefano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExtreme value theory plays an important role in providing approximation results for the extremes of a sequence of independent random variables when their distribution is unknown. An important one is given by the generalised Pareto distribution
$H_\gamma(x)$
as an approximation of the distribution
$F_t(s(t)x)$
of the excesses over a threshold t, where s(t) is a suitable norming function. We study the rate of convergence of
$F_t(s(t)\cdot)$
to
$H_\gamma$
in variational and Hellinger distances and translate it into that regarding the Kullback–Leibler divergence between the respective densities.
El Dorado Offerings in Lake Guatavita: A Muisca Ritual Archaeological Site
Authors: Quintero-Guzmán Juan Pablo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArchaeological and ethnohistorical investigations in the south of the Colombian Plateau, in the Eastern Highlands, suggest that before European contact Guatavita was an important Muisca chiefdom—largely because of the prestige conferred by the presence of ceremonial centers in their territories, especially around the lakes in the hills surrounding the Guatavita-Guasca Valley. The fame of Lake Guatavita as the most important Muisca shrine was fueled by Spanish chronicles during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, which described it as the core of mass offering ceremonies or of lavish rituals for the chief's investiture, which fed both the story and the myth of El Dorado. This article presents the results of the archaeological survey done around the lake. The type and distribution of the material culture suggest that there was a shrine where small-scale ritual offerings took place, rather than conspicuous celebrations.