bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Li‐Ion Transfer Mechanism of Gel Polymer Electrolyte with Sole Fluoroethylene Carbonate Solvent
Authors: Sun Qifang , Wang Su , Ma Yue , Song Dawei , Zhang Hongzhou , Shi Xixi , Zhang Na , Zhang Lianqi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) represent a promising candidate to address the individual limitations of liquid and solid electrolytes, their extensive development is still hindered due to the veiled Li‐ion conduction mechanism. Herein, the related mechanism in GPEs is extensively studied by developing an in situ polymerized GPE comprising fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) solvent and carbonate ester segments (F‐GPE). Practically, although with high dielectric constant, FEC fails to effectively transport Li ions when acting as the sole solvent. By sharp contrast, F‐GPE demonstrates superior electrochemical performances, and the related Li‐ion transfer mechanism is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations and 7Li/6Li solid‐state nNMR spectroscopy. The polymer segments are extended with the swelling of FEC, then an electron‐delocalization interface layer is generated between abundant electron‐rich groups of FEC and the polymer ingredients, which works as an electron‐rich “Milky Way” and facilitates the rapid transfer of Li ions by lowering the diffusion barrier dramatically, resulting in a high conductivity of 2.47 × 10−4 S cm−1 and a small polarization of about 20 mV for Li//Li symmetric cell after 8000 h. Remarkably, FEC provides high flame‐retardancy and makes F‐GPE remains stable under ignition and puncture tests.
Half‐Metallic Heusler Alloy/GaN Heterostructure for Semiconductor Spintronics Devices
Authors: Yamada Shinya , Kato Masatoshi , Ichikawa Shuhei , Yamada Michihiro , Naito Takahiro , Fujiwara Yasufumi , Hamaya Kohei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBecause spin‐orbit coupling in wurtzite semiconductors is relatively weak compared with that in zincblende ones, the III‐nitride semiconductor GaN is a promising material for high‐performance optical semiconductor spintronic devices such as spin lasers. For the purpose of reducing the operating power of spin lasers, it is necessary to demonstrate highly efficient electrical spin injection from a ferromagnetic material into GaN with a low‐resistance contact. Here, an epitaxial half‐metallic Heusler alloy Co2FeAlxSi1−x(CFAS)/GaN heterostructure is developed by inserting an ultrathin Co layer between the CFAS and GaN. The CFAS/n+‐GaN heterojunctions clearly show tunnel conduction with very small rectification and a low resistance‐area product of ≈3.8 kΩµm2, which is several orders of magnitude smaller than those reported in previous work, at room temperature. Nonlocal spin signals and a Hanle effect curve are observed at low temperatures using lateral spin‐valve devices with the CFAS/n+‐GaN contacts, suggesting pure spin current transport in bulk GaN. The spin transport is observed at temperatures as high as room temperature, with a high spin polarization of 0.2 at a low bias voltage less than 2.0 V. This study is expected to open a path to GaN‐based spintronic devices with highly spin‐polarized and low‐resistance contacts.
STOP‐AD portal: Selecting the optimal pharmaceutical for preclinical drug testing in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Quinney Sara K. , Murugesh Kandasamy , Oblak Adrian , Onos Kristen D. , Sasner Mike , Greenwood Anna K. , Woo Kara H. , Rizzo Stacey J. Sukoff , Territo Paul R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe propose an unbiased methodology to rank compounds for advancement into comprehensive preclinical testing for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Translation of compounds to the clinic in AD has been hampered by poor predictive validity of models, compounds with limited pharmaceutical properties, and studies that lack rigor. To overcome this, MODEL‐AD's Preclinical Testing Core developed a standardized pipeline for assessing efficacy in AD mouse models. We hypothesize that rank‐ordering compounds based upon pharmacokinetic, efficacy, and toxicity properties in preclinical models will enhance successful translation to the clinic. Previously compound selection was based solely on physiochemical properties, with arbitrary cutoff limits, making ranking challenging. Since no gold standard exists for systematic prioritization, validating a selection criteria has remained elusive. The STOP‐AD framework evaluates the drug‐like properties to rank compounds for in vivo studies, and uses an unbiased approach that overcomes the validation limitation by performing Monte‐Carlo simulations.Highlights
Promising preclinical studies for AD drugs have not translated to clinical success.
Systematic assessment of AD drug candidates may increase clinical translatability.
We describe a well‐defined framework for compound selection with clear selection metrics.
The role of PIMT in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: A novel hypothesis
Authors: D'Alessandro Angelo , Lukens John R. , Zimring James C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are multiple theories of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. One major theory is that oxidation of amyloid beta (Aβ) promotes plaque deposition that directly contributes to pathology. A competing theory is that hypomethylation of DNA (due to altered one carbon metabolism) results in pathology through altered gene regulation. Herein, we propose a novel hypothesis involving L‐isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) that unifies the Aβ and DNA hypomethylation hypotheses into a single model. Importantly, the proposed model allows bidirectional regulation of Aβ oxidation and DNA hypomethylation. The proposed hypothesis does not exclude simultaneous contributions by other mechanisms (e.g., neurofibrillary tangles). The new hypothesis is formulated to encompass oxidative stress, fibrillation, DNA hypomethylation, and metabolic perturbations in one carbon metabolism (i.e., methionine and folate cycles). In addition, deductive predictions of the hypothesis are presented both to guide empirical testing of the hypothesis and to provide candidate strategies for therapeutic intervention and/or nutritional modification.HIGHLIGHTS
PIMT repairs L‐isoaspartyl groups on amyloid beta and decreases fibrillation.
SAM is a common methyl donor for PIMT and DNA methyltransferases.
Increased PIMT activity competes with DNA methylation and vice versa.
The PIMT hypothesis bridges a gap between plaque and DNA methylation hypotheses.
The synergetic enhancement of the porous ZrO2@TiO2 heterostructure and the plasmonic silver nanoparticles for efficient surface‐enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Shi Xiaoyi , Guo Yujie , Li Zhihao , He Meng , Zhu Zhengdong , Sun Xu , Sun Hui , Zhang Maofeng , Li Jianhua , Huang Youju 
Published: May 2023

Rapid identification and analysis of pesticide residue on real‐world sample by a portable platform is of growing interest for monitoring food safety and safeguarding human health. Herein, we developed a robust surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensor based on ZrO2@TiO2/Ag substrate for the analysis of pesticide residues. The synergetic effects of the metal organic framework (MOF)‐derived porous ZrO2@TiO2 heterostructure induced charge transfer enhancement and the electromagnetic enhancement from the plasmonic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) hotspot generate significant SERS enhancement signal. The SERS substrate exhibits superior long‐term stability and signal homogeneity for SERS quantitative analysis. The platform has the capability to detect not only model molecule of 4‐ATP but also pesticides of triazophos and fonofos at the extremely low concentration of 10−8 M. Moreover, we simulate the quantitative detection of pesticide residue on real objects by spraying pesticides on dendrobium and chrysanthemum leaves, followed by transferring to the SERS platform to perform analysis. The nearly linear fitting curve with a wide concentration range suggests the superior qualitative detection capability. Remarkably, two components and three components of the pesticides are readily identified in a rapid way. The approach provides the rapid analysis, low‐cost device, and portable and quantitative pesticide identification and offers a clear path to multicomponent analysis at a trace level.
Does technology really outpace policy, and does it matter? A primer for technical experts and others
Authors: Aspray William , Doty Philip 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper reconsiders the outpacing argument, the belief that changes in law and other means of regulation cannot keep pace with recent changes in technology. We focus on information and communication technologies (ICTs) in and of themselves as well as applied in computer science, telecommunications, health, finance, and other applications, but our argument applies also in rapidly developing technological fields such as environmental science, materials science, and genetic engineering. First, we discuss why the outpacing argument is so closely associated with information and computing technologies. We then outline 12 arguments that support the outpacing argument, by pointing to some particular weaknesses of policy making, using the United States as the primary example. Then arguing in the opposite direction, we present 4 brief and 3 more extended criticisms of the outpacing thesis. The paper's final section responds to calls within the technical community for greater engagement of policy and ethical concerns and reviews the paper's major arguments. While the paper focuses on ICTs and policy making in the United States, our critique of the outpacing argument and our exploration of its complex character are of utility to actors in other political contexts and in other technical fields.
Systematic daytime increases in atmospheric biases linked to dry soils in irrigated areas in Indian operational forecasts
Authors: Barton Emma J. , Taylor C. M. , Mitra A. K. , Jayakumar A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe representation of land–atmosphere coupling in forecast models can significantly impact weather prediction. A previous case study in Northern India incorporating both model and observational data identified atmospheric biases in a high‐resolution forecast linked to soil moisture that impacted the representation of the monsoon trough, an important driver of regional rainfall. The aim of the current work is to understand whether this behavior is present in operational forecasts run by the India National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF). We utilize satellite observations and reanalysis to evaluate model fields in June, July, August, and September forecasts from 2020. Our analysis reveals systematic rapid growth in warm boundary layer biases during the daytime over North West India, which weaken overnight, consistent with excessive daytime surface sensible heat flux. The cumulative effect of these biases produces temperatures more than 4K warmer in 60‐h forecasts. These effects are enhanced by dry surface conditions. The biases impact circulation in the forecasts, which have implications for regional rainfall. The spatial distribution of warm biases in the Indo‐Gangetic Plain is remarkably consistent with the location of areas equipped for irrigation, a process that is not explicitly represented in the model. Our results provide compelling evidence that the development of an irrigation scheme within the model is needed to address the substantial forecast biases that we document.
Integrated metabolomics, network pharmacology, and molecular docking to reveal the mechanisms of Isodon excisoides against drug‐induced liver injury
Authors: Jia Xinming , Sun Shilin , Yang Mengxin , Zhang Qian , Wang Nan , Jin Yiran , Du Yingfeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIsodon excisoides (Y.Z.Sun ex C.H.Hu) H. Hara has been often used to treat liver diseases in folk medicine. However, the potential hepatoprotective mechanism of I. excisoides remains unclear. In this study, the mechanism of I. excisoides in alleviating drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) was explored using a strategy combining metabolomics with network pharmacology for the first time. First, serum metabolomics was applied to identify differential metabolites and enrich metabolic pathways. The potential targets of I. excisoides for the treatment of DILI were investigated by network pharmacology. Subsequently, a comprehensive network of network pharmacology and metabolomics was established to find the key genes. Finally, molecular docking technology was used to further verify the key targets. As a result, four key genes including TYMS, IMPDH2, DHODH, and ASAH1 were identified. The proteins produced by these genes had high affinity with the corresponding diterpenoids. These results indicate that the components of I. excisoides play a liver‐protective role by affecting the aforesaid key genes and key proteins. Our results offer a novel strategy for determining the pharmacological effects and potential targets of natural compounds.
Scrotal cavernous hemangioma presented with pruritus in a teenager: A case report
Authors: Dejman Behnam , Makarem Alireza , Ahmed Faisal , Askarpour Mohammadreza 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageUlcerated scrotal cavernous hemangioma is uncommon and rarely presents with pruritus. The surgeon should perform a complete scrotal examination, choose the best treatment option, and the diagnosis should be confirmed histopathologically.AbstractUlcerated scrotal hemangiomas are a rare disease that can pose a diagnostic challenge, particularly if there is simultaneous hemorrhage. We report the case of a 12‐year‐old child with an unusual presentation of scrotal cavernous hemangioma characterized by itching and bleeding. The mass was surgically removed, and the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically.
Acute heart failure due to coronary subclavian steal syndrome after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Nakata Kosuke , Nishigawa Kosaku , Yoshinaga Takashi , Fukui Toshihiro 
Published: May 2023

Key clinical messageAn axillo‐axillary bypass grafting is useful for coronary subclavian steal syndrome when occlusion of the proximal left subclavian artery.AbstractAn 81‐year‐old female who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting 15 years previously was admitted and diagnosed with coronary subclavian steal syndrome. Preoperative angiography showed backflow from the left anterior descending coronary artery to the left internal thoracic artery and occlusion of the proximal left subclavian artery. Axillo‐axillary bypass grafting was successfully performed.
Bio‐Sourced Zeolite‐Templated Carbons for the Development of Efficient ORR Catalysts
Authors: Oliveira Daniele S. , Aumond Thibaud , Loupias Lola , Santos Leonardo L. , Caldeira Vinícius P. S. , Canaff Christine , Pergher Sibele B. C. , Habrioux Aurélien , Sachse Alexander 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBio‐sourced Zeolite‐Templated Carbons (ZTCs) were achieved through the use of glycerol as carbon source. A systematic study of the textural and chemical properties is presented on ZTCs achieved at synthesis temperatures between 300 °C and 800 °C. Textural properties are importantly impacted through increasing synthesis temperature. ZTCs featuring high textural quality were synthesized at temperatures as low as 400 °C. Oxygen content was further found to be importantly impacted by the synthesis temperature. This latter plays a crucial role when materials are functionalized with thiourea, as high oxygen content allows for maximizing the incorporation of N and S in the ZTC. Functionalized bio‐sourced ZTCs allowed for achieving unparalleled ORR activities and hydroxyl selectivities when compared to other functionalized carbon materials such as graphene‐based catalysts.
Explosionsschutz für Wasserstoffverdichter
Authors: Taravilla Lucia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGrüner Wasserstoff zum wichtigsten Energieträger werden. Dem spanischen Anbieter von Hochdrucktechnik, der bislang vor allem die Lebensmittelindustrie belieferte, entwickelte mit Unterstützung durch R. Stahl eine umfassende, Ex‐geschützte Wasserstoff‐Kompressorstation für das spanische Nationale Wasserstoffzentrum CNH2.
Am Energiesparrad drehen
Authors: Gandert Etwina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIm Gespräch mit CITplus schildert Gregor Dietz, Marktmanager Motoren SEW‐Eurodrive, die technischen Entwicklungen und gibt einen Einblick in die aktuelle Diskussion rund um das Thema ökodesign‐Richtlinie und Regularien.
Energieeffizient nach Klasse IE5+
Authors: Teumer Nicki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDie für Anwendungen in der Pharma‐ oder Lebensmittelindustrie geeigneten Pumpen der Ecodos‐Serie von Lewa arbeiten jetzt noch energieeffizienter nach IE5+ und sind mit einer neuen Form der Weitbereichsdrehzahlregelung (WBR) ausstattbar.
NDIR‐Gassensoren für eine sichere Prozessteuerung
Authors: Weise Sebastian , Sparn Christian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDas Unternehmen Burkhardt aus Mühlhausen entwickelte kompakte Holzvergaser für Blockheizkraftwerke zur Serienreife. Für die Prozesssteuerung und ‐überwachung setzt der Anlagenbauer NDIR‐Sensoren von Smartgas ein.
Anlagen‐Engineering mit BIM
Authors: Krämer Markus , de Lima Vasconcelos Silvia , Esche Erik , Welscher Wolfgang , Schoele Linus 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIm Prozessanlagenbau werden bereits zahlreiche Computer‐Aided Engineering‐Werkzeuge eingesetzt. Building Information Modeling (BIM) ermöglicht den digitalen Zugang zu Gebäudedaten. Das Projektvorhaben KEPLER geht einen Schritt weiter und beschäftigt sich mit der Zusammenführung von BIM‐ und R&I‐Modellen bereits in der Phase des Pre‐Engineering verfahrenstechnischer Anlagen unter Nutzung von Mixed‐Reality‐Umgebungen.
“Was Menschen bewegt, die etwas bewegen”
Authors: Oro Saavedra Christine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChristine Oro Saavedra ist seit August 2022 Geschäftsführerin der NAMUR. Heute als Head of Industry Network bei Bayer Leverkusen ist sie bereits seit 2015 bei dem Konzern beschäftigt. 2018 übernahm die Ingenieurin in Bergkamen die Leitung der Werkstätten im Bereich Wartung und Instandhaltung, in dem sie sich stark für innovative Konzepte wie Augmented Reality, IOT und Zustandsüberwachung einsetzte.
Fernwartung ja – aber bitte nur sicher
Authors: Oed Richard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaschinen und Anlagen in der Prozessindustrie müssen überwacht und gewartet werden. Fernwartung erleichtert diese Aufgaben, eröffnet jedoch zusätzliche Angriffsflächen. Wie sieht eine gute Sicherheitsarchitektur im Spannungsfeld zwischen Informationstechnik (IT) und operationaler Technik (OT) aus und wie kann sie implementiert und betrieben werden?
Wenn die Pumpenwartung zur Kleinigkeit wird
Authors: Gandert Etwina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUm die Instandhaltung so einfach wie möglich zu gestalten, bedarf es einer Wartungsstrategie. Das Care Service Programm ermöglicht den Anwendern der Seepex‐Pumpen, die Arbeiten zu delegieren und damit Kosten und Personal zu sparen sowie Stillstandszeiten zu vermeiden. Die Pumpenexperten liefern alle nötigen Ersatzteile und kümmern sich um die Instandhaltung. Christian Gröber, Manager Customer Care von Seepex erläutert, welche Vorteile das Programm und der digitale Service bietet.
Betrieblicher Brandschutz in der Industrie
Authors: Schaffors Andreas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWelche Vorteile hat die Gestellung eines externen Brandschutzbeauftragten und ab wann benötigt ein Industrieunternehmen eine Brandschutzordnung? Diese und weitere Fragen beantwortet Ihnen der langjährige Brandschutzbeauftragte Andreas Schaffors in seinem Gastbeitrag.
Sicherheitskonzept für modulare Anlagen
Authors: Pfeifer Michael , Bockius Birger 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUm die Effizienz von modularen Anlagen oder Mehrproduktanlagen auf ein neues Level zu heben, hat TüV SüD die bislang manuelle und statische HAZOP‐Methodik zu Interactive HAZOP (iaHAZOP) weiterentwickelt. In einem Pilotprojekt wurde in Kooperation mit der Firma Merck KGaA eine allgemeingültige “ready‐to‐use” Vorgehensweise für Sicherheitsbewertungen von modularen Anlagen ausgearbeitet. Damit wird man den verschärften Marktanforderungen bei gleichem Sicherheitsniveau gerecht.
Den EX‐Bereich sicher beleuchten
Authors: Schulz Rico 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBeleuchtung vereinbaren? Die Antwort liegt in der Digitalisierung, oder genauer gesagt in der digitalen Anbindung von explosionsgeschützen Leuchten. So lassen sich alle Leuchten individuell steuern, effizienter überprüfen und warten sowie flexibel ohne Umverdrahtung anders konfigurieren.
Smart, simple und sicher
Authors: Klein Yannick 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDas Mannheimer Familienunternehmen Pepperl+Fuchs bietet mit ihren industriellen Box Thin Clients – sogenannte BTCs – qualitativ hochwertige Thin Clients an, die durch die Firmware “VisuNet RM Shell” einfach und schnell in Produktionsanlagen eingebunden werden können.
Ungenutztes Potenzial heben
Authors: Riffner Josef , Riffner Philipp 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn vielen Produktionen verrichten Förder‐ und Rühranlagen ihre Arbeit, ohne ihr maximales Potenzial abzuschöpfen. Die Ursache sind häufig werkseitig implementierte Steuerungen, die nicht immer optimal auf die entsprechenden Prozessabläufe ausgerichtet sind. Individualisierte, budgetorientierte Steuerungen, die stets auf die reale Anlagenumgebung abgestimmt sind
Recent Advances in Functionalized Fullerenes in Perovskite Solar Cells†
Authors: Ai Min , Chen Muqing , Yang Shangfeng 
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive SummaryEfficient charge transport and defect passivation are essential for high efficiency of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Functionalized fullerenes featuring high electron affinity and mobility as well as small reorganization energy have been extensively applied in PSCs toward facilitated electron transport and passivated trap states, leading to improvements of both device efficiency and stability. Herein, we summarize the recent advances, especially in the last three years, in applications of functionalized fullerenes including fullerene derivatives and endohedral metallofullerenes in PSCs. Their functions in trap state passivation, electron transport promotion, crystalline modulation, water/oxygen erosion inhibition, and so on, are discussed in details. In particular, we emphasize novel functions of fullerenes beyond trap state passivation, as well as the synergy of multifunction of fullerenes in improving PSC device performance and stability. Finally, we present an outlook on designing novel multifunctionalized fullerenes toward highly efficient and stable PSC devices.