bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manipulation of the orbital angular momentum via four-wave mixing in Rb vapor
Authors: Liu Ning , Wang Xuewen , Yuan Jinpeng , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang , Wang Lirong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The manipulation of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) contributes to understand the OAM multiplexing, is significant in free-space optical communication and information processing. We theoretically simulate and experimentally demonstrate the regularity of the OAM transfer, including the angular and radial modes, of Laguerre–Gaussian beam via four-wave mixing process in 85Rb vapor. The 420 nm coherent blue light output field inherits the phase characteristic of 780 nm and 776 nm beams with different OAM modes. The output field OAM modes show the transfer as a typical arithmetic operation of the input field OAM modes with equal-handed angular indice l, while, the conversion between angular and radial modes occurs with the opposite angular indice l. Such rules of the OAM transfer and manipulation have implications on the research of high-capacity information transfer and quantum communication.
Multi-source domain generalization and adaptation toward cross-subject myoelectric pattern recognition
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Wu Le , Zhang Xu , Chen Xiang , Li Chang , Chen Xun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Myoelectric pattern recognition (MPR) has shown satisfactory performance under ideal laboratory conditions. Nevertheless, the individual variances lead to dramatic performance degradation in cross-user MPR applications. It is crucial to enable the myoelectric interface to adapt to multiple users’ surface electromyography (sEMG) distributions in practical. Approach. Domain adaptation (DA) is a promising approach to tackle cross-user challenges due to its ability to diminish the divergence between individual users’ EMG distributions and escalate model generalization performance. However, existing DA methods in sEMG control are based on single-source domain adaptation (SDA). SDA solely mixes multiple training users’ data as a combined source domain and attempts to align with a novel user. This simple data mixing manner ignores the sEMG distribution variations between disparate training users, leading to an insufficient variance elimination and lower performance. To this end, this paper proposes a multi-source synchronize domain adaptation framework with both DA and domain generalization (DG) capability. This multi-source framework aligns each source user and the new user in individual feature spaces, which better transfers the knowledge of existing users to the new user. Moreover, we retain the source-combined data to preserve the effectiveness of SDA. The property was further confirmed by evaluating the performance of the proposed method on data from nine subjects performing six tasks. Main results. Experiment results prove that the proposed multi-source framework achieved both positive DG and DA performance in a cross-user classification manner. Significance. This work demonstrates the usability and feasibility of the proposed multi-source framework in cross-user myoelectric control.
Adult–child pairs walking down stairs: empirical analysis and optimal-step-based modeling of a complex pedestrian flow, with an exploration of flow-improvement strategies
Authors: Xie Chuan-Zhi , Tang Tie-Qiao , Zhang Bo-Tao , Nicolas Alexandre 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Pedestrian egress from training schools in the after-class period (especially in China, as children walk down stairs together with their parents) raises practical concerns related to degraded flow conditions and possible safety hazards. But it also represents a challenge to mainstream modeling approaches for several reasons: they involve heterogeneous groups (adult–child pairs), which are hardly studied compared to their homogeneous counterparts, in a complex geometry, made of staircases connected by a platform where pedestrians rotate, and over a wide range of densities. In light of our field observations at a training school in China, we develop a semi-continuous model which quantitatively reproduces the collective dynamics observed empirically and enables us to assess some guidance strategies to improve egress efficiency. In this model, which extends the optimal step approach, adults and children are described as ellipses with prescribed relative positions that evolve by successive steps handled by an event-driven algorithm, along a spontaneous semi-circular path on the platform, but may deviate from it in crowded conditions by selecting their preferred next positions. In line with the observations, most pairs walk side by side overall and only a small fraction sometimes make a detour to avoid queuing. Turning to the guidance strategies, we find that promoting front-back pairing may increase the flow, while urging people to make more detours may be counterproductive. Perhaps even more relevantly, the intuitive measure consisting in desynchronizing the flows from the different floors by shifting the ends of classes succeeds in reducing the egress time by at least 10%.
The Interaction Between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels and Alcohol Consumption, Sleep Disturbance and Sex-Hormones in Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: Kolla Bhanu Prakash , Winham Stacey J , Ho Ada Man-Choi , Mansukhani Meghna P , Loukianova Larissa L , Pazdernik Vanessa , Karpyak Victor M 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels may be associated with alcohol use disorders (AUD) and alcohol consumption, correlate with sleep disturbance and be influenced by sex differences and sex hormones. These associations have not been examined in a single sample accounting for all these factors.MethodsData from 190 participants (29.4% female) with AUD were utilized. Sleep quality, craving intensity, depression, anxiety and alcohol consumption were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Timeline Follow Back for 90 days(TLFB 90). Inventory of Drug Taking Situations (IDTS) assessed the tendency to drink in positive/negative emotional states. Serum BDNF (sBDNF) and plasma sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, FSH and SHBG) were measured. Pearson correlation analyses were used to examine the association between sBDNF and these measures in the entire sample and in men and women separately. Higher order interaction effects between these factors were evaluated for their association with sBDNF using a backward selection model.ResultsNo significant correlations between sBDNF levels and sex hormones, PSQI, PHQ-9, PACS, IDTS scores and alcohol consumption were found (all P-values &gt; 0.05). sBDNF levels were negatively correlated with GAD-7 scores in men (r = −0.1841; P = 0.03). When considering all quadratic and two-way interactions among PSQI, PHQ-9, GAD-7, mean and max drinks/day, number of drinking days, heavy drinking days, and sex no higher order moderating effects of sBDNF levels were found.ConclusionOur study revealed no significant associations between sBDNF and alcohol measures, sleep, depression and sex hormones suggesting limited utility as a biomarker.
Deciphering complex reticulate evolution of Asian Buddleja (Scrophulariaceae): insights into the taxonomy and speciation of polyploid taxa in the Sino-Himalayan region
Authors: Yang Fengmao , Ge Jia , Guo Yongjie , Olmstead Richard , Sun Weibang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Species of the genus Buddleja in Asia are mainly distributed in the Sino-Himalayan region and form a challenging taxonomic group, with extensive hybridization and polyploidization. A phylogenetic approach to unravelling the history of reticulation in this lineage will deepen our understanding of the speciation in biodiversity hotspots.

Methods
For this study, we obtained 80 accessions representing all the species in the Asian Buddleja clade, and the ploidy level of each taxon was determined by flow cytometry analyses. Whole plastid genomes, nuclear ribosomal DNA, single nucleotide polymorphisms and a large number of low-copy nuclear genes assembled from genome skimming data were used to investigate the reticulate evolutionary history of Asian Buddleja. Complex cytonuclear conflicts were detected through a comparison of plastid and species trees. Gene tree incongruence was also analysed to detect any reticulate events in the history of this lineage.

Key Results
Six hybridization events were detected, which are able to explain the cytonuclear conflict in Asian Buddleja. Furthermore, PhyloNet analysis combining species ploidy data indicated several allopolyploid speciation events. A strongly supported species tree inferred from a large number of low-copy nuclear genes not only corrected some earlier misinterpretations, but also indicated that there are many Asian Buddleja species that have been lumped mistakenly. Divergent time estimation shows two periods of rapid diversification (8–10 and 0–3 Mya) in the Asian Buddleja clade, which might coincide with the final uplift of the Hengduan Mountains and Quaternary climate fluctuations, respectively.

Conclusions
This study presents a well-supported phylogenetic backbone for the Asian Buddleja species, elucidates their complex and reticulate evolutionary history and suggests that tectonic activity, climate fluctuations, polyploidization and hybridization together promoted the diversification of this lineage.
In vivoreduction of age-dependent neuromelanin accumulation mitigates features of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Gonzalez-Sepulveda Marta , Compte Joan , Cuadros Thais , Nicolau Alba , Guillard-Sirieix Camille , Peñuelas Núria , Lorente-Picon Marina , Parent Annabelle , Romero-Giménez Jordi , Cladera-Sastre Joana M , Laguna Ariadna , Vila Miquel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHumans accumulate with age the dark-brown pigment neuromelanin inside specific neuronal groups. Neurons with the highest neuromelanin levels are particularly susceptible to degeneration in Parkinson’s disease, especially dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, the loss of which leads to characteristic motor Parkinson’s disease symptoms. In contrast to humans, neuromelanin does not appear spontaneously in most animals, including rodents, and Parkinson’s disease is an exclusively human condition. Using humanized neuromelanin-producing rodents, we recently found that neuromelanin can trigger Parkinson’s disease pathology when accumulated above a specific pathogenic threshold.Here, by taking advantage of this newly developed animal model, we assessed whether the intracellular build-up of neuromelanin that occurs with age can be slowed down in vivo to prevent or attenuate Parkinson’s disease. Because neuromelanin derives from the oxidation of free cytosolic dopamine, we enhanced dopamine vesicular encapsulation in the substantia nigra of neuromelanin-producing rats by viral vector-mediated overexpression of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2). This strategy reduced the formation of potentially toxic oxidized dopamine species that can convert into neuromelanin and maintained intracellular neuromelanin levels below their pathogenic threshold. Decreased neuromelanin production was associated with an attenuation of Lewy body-like inclusion formation and a long-term preservation of dopamine homeostasis, nigrostriatal neuronal integrity and motor function in these animals.Our results demonstrate the feasibility and therapeutic potential of modulating age-dependent intracellular neuromelanin production in vivo, thereby opening an unexplored path for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and, in a broader sense, brain ageing.
Treatment with lysophosphatidic acid prevents microglial activation and depression-like behaviours in a murine model of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Nagata Wataru , Koizumi Akiho , Nakagawa Keiichi , Takahashi Sayaka , Gotoh Mari , Satoh Yasushi , Ishizuka Toshiaki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is an incurable disease characterised by neuropsychiatric symptoms, particularly depression. Novel therapeutic options for NPSLE are urgently needed. Several previous reports have suggested that both microglial activation and impaired neurogenesis may be involved in the progression of depression. In contrast, the administration of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) ameliorates depression and anxiety. Therefore, in the present study, we determined whether treatment with LPA affects microglial activation, impaired neurogenesis, and abnormal behaviour in MRL/lpr mice. In both tail suspension test and forced swim test, the MRL/lpr mice exhibited a significant increase in total immobility time compared with MRL/+ mice. Treatment with LPA significantly suppressed the prolonged immobility time in MRL/lpr mice. In contrast, pretreatment with ki16425 (a specific antagonist of LPA receptor 1 and 3) significantly reversed the effects of LPA. Furthermore, MRL/lpr mice exhibited impairments in spatial working memory and visual cognitive memory, which were suppressed by LPA treatment. The expression levels of TMEM119, CD68, GFAP, and caspase-3 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of MRL/lpr mice were significantly higher than those in MRL/+ mice. Treatment with LPA inhibited these increases in MRL/lpr mice. Pretreatment with ki16425 reversed LPA-mediated inhibition of microglial activation. The quantity of sodium fluorescein that leaked into the brain tissues in MRL/lpr mice were significantly higher than that in MRL/+ mice. Treatment with LPA tended to decrease the sodium fluorescein leakage. These findings suggest that treatment with LPA may regulate microglial activation, which is important in the pathogenesis of NPSLE, as well as blood-brain-barrier weakening and abnormal behaviour.
CEBPB regulates the migration, invasion and EMT of breast cancer cells by inhibiting THBS2 expression and O-fucosylation
Authors: Qi Liqiang , Sun Bo , Yang Beibei , Lu Su 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer (bc) is the second most common type of human malignancies with highest morbidity and mortality in the female population. Therefore, it is essential to develop novel and effective therapies for bc treatment. The main aim of the current study is to investigate the functions of CEBPB and THBS2 in bc and the underlying mechanism. Reverse transcription–quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were performed for the measurement of ribonucleic acids and proteins. Function and mechanism assays were, respectively, conducted for the evaluation of bc biological behaviors and exploration of the potential correlation of genes. According to bioinformatics analyses and experimental results, THBS2, up-regulated in bc tissues and cell lines, could facilitate cell migration, invasion and EMT in bc. CEBPB was validated to facilitate miR-29a-3p transcription, thus negatively modulating THBS2 expression. The results of rescue experiments reflected that CEBPB could regulate the malignant behaviors of bc cells via THBS2. Furthermore, CEBPB was ascertained to inhibit the transcription of B3GALTL to affect THBS2 protein O-fucosylation and secretion. The interaction between THBS2 and ITGB1 was confirmed, and THBS2 was found to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. To conclude, CEBPB could restrain bc cell migration, invasion and EMT via inhibition on THBS2 expression and O-fucosylation.
The effectiveness of a noninterruptive alert to increase prescription of take-home naloxone in emergency departments
Authors: Jennings Lindsey K , Ward Ralph , Pekar Ekaterina , Szwast Elizabeth , Sox Luke , Hying Joseph , Mccauley Jenna , Obeid Jihad S , Lenert Leslie A 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveOpioid-related overdose (OD) deaths continue to increase. Take-home naloxone (THN), after treatment for an OD in an emergency department (ED), is a recommended but under-utilized practice. To promote THN prescription, we developed a noninterruptive decision support intervention that combined a detailed OD documentation template with a reminder to use the template that is automatically inserted into a provider’s note by decision rules. We studied the impact of the combined intervention on THN prescribing in a longitudinal observational study.MethodsED encounters involving an OD were reviewed before and after implementation of the reminder embedded in the physicians' note to use an advanced OD documentation template for changes in: (1) use of the template and (2) prescription of THN. Chi square tests and interrupted time series analyses were used to assess the impact. Usability and satisfaction were measured using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Net Promoter Score.ResultsIn 736 OD cases defined by International Classification of Disease version 10 diagnosis codes (247 prereminder and 489 postreminder), the documentation template was used in 0.0% and 21.3%, respectively (P &lt; .0001). The sensitivity and specificity of the reminder for OD cases were 95.9% and 99.8%, respectively. Use of the documentation template led to twice the rate of prescribing of THN (25.7% vs 50.0%, P &lt; .001). Of 19 providers responding to the survey, 74% of SUS responses were in the good-to-excellent range and 53% of providers were Net Promoters.ConclusionsA noninterruptive decision support intervention was associated with higher THN prescribing in a pre-post study across a multiinstitution health system.
Examining medication ordering errors using AHRQ network of patient safety databases
Authors: Grauer Anne , Rosen Amanda , Applebaum Jo R , Carter Danielle , Reddy Pooja , Dal Col Alexis , Kumaraiah Deepa , Barchi Daniel J , Classen David C , Adelman Jason S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Studies examining the effects of computerized order entry (CPOE) on medication ordering errors demonstrate that CPOE does not consistently prevent these errors as intended. We used the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Network of Patient Safety Databases (NPSD) to investigate the frequency and degree of harm of reported events that occurred at the ordering stage, characterized by error type.

Materials and Methods
This was a retrospective observational study of safety events reported by healthcare systems in participating patient safety organizations from 6/2010 through 12/2020. All medication and other substance ordering errors reported to NPSD via common format v1.2 between 6/2010 through 12/2020 were analyzed. We aggregated and categorized the frequency of reported medication ordering errors by error type, degree of harm, and demographic characteristics.

Results
A total of 12 830 errors were reported during the study period. Incorrect dose accounted for 3812 errors (29.7%), followed by incorrect medication 2086 (16.3%), and incorrect duration 765 (6.0%). Of 5282 events that reached the patient and had a known level of severity, 12 resulted in death, 4 resulted in severe harm, 45 resulted in moderate harm, 341 resulted in mild harm, and 4880 resulted in no harm.

Conclusion
Incorrect dose and incorrect drug orders were the most commonly reported and harmful types of medication ordering errors. Future studies should aim to develop and test interventions focused on CPOE to prevent medication ordering errors, prioritizing wrong-dose and wrong-drug errors.
Nascent chain-mediated translation regulation in bacteria: translation arrest and intrinsic ribosome destabilization
Authors: Chiba Shinobu , Fujiwara Keigo , Chadani Yuhei , Taguchi Hideki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Proteins that exsert physiological functions during being translated have been discovered from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. These proteins, also called regulatory nascent chains, are common in interacting co-translationally with the ribosomes to stall them. In most cases, such a translational arrest is induced or released in response to changes in the intracellular environment. Cells take advantage of such an environmental sensitivity as a sensor to feedback-regulate gene expression. Recent studies reveal that certain nascent chains could also destabilize the translating ribosomes, leading to stochastic premature translation termination. In this review, we introduce several examples of bacterial nascent chain-based mechanisms of translation regulation by which bacteria regulate cellular functions.
Digitalization and law: innovating around the boundaries
Authors: Callegari Beniamino , Rai Ranvir S 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecent developments in digital technologies have challenged the ways in which service firms create, deliver, and capture value. Although research and practice suggest business model innovation as an effective response to digitalization, many firms are not willing to make radical changes in the architecture of the firm’s activities. In this study, we take an in-depth look at which factors influence the firm’s capability for technology-driven business model innovation in the legal industry context. As our empirical context, we have chosen the legal industry, notorious for its risk aversion and for practices that inhibit innovation, but where the focus on digitalization is increasing due to external pressures. We interviewed nine law firms in Norway, representing together the largest share of the country’s legal services market, four of them being traditional law firms and the rest being newly established yet large digital New Law organizations. We find that profitability acts both as an inhibitor of business model innovation for established firms and as a driver for New Law firms. However, the relatively high job satisfaction of Norwegian lawyers in comparison to their US-based counterparts dampens the pull of technological opportunities on business model innovation by making human capital more difficult to acquire by new entrants. Barring an unexpected profitability crisis, digitalization of the Norwegian law sector will not disrupt traditional law firms’ business models. However, New Law firms are accumulating the competences required to compete with the incumbents.
Rootstock increases the physiological defence of tomato plants againstPseudomonas syringaepv.tomatoinfection
Authors: Alfaro-Quezada Juan Felipe , Martínez Juan Pablo , Molinett Sebastian , Valenzuela Miryam , Montenegro Ivan , Ramírez Ingrid , Dorta Fernando , Ávila-Valdés Andrea , Gharbi Emna , Zhou Mingxi , Dailly Hélène , Quinet Muriel , Lutts Stanley , Seeger Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractClimate change has intensified the infection of tomato plants by pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst). Rootstocks may increase plant tolerance to leaf phytopathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the tolerant Poncho Negro (R) tomato rootstock on physiological defence and the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in susceptible Limachino (L) tomato plant responses to Pst attack. Ungrafted (L), self-grafted (L/L), and grafted (L/R) plants were infected with Pst. Rootstock increased the concentration of antioxidant compounds including ascorbate in the scion. Tolerant rootstock induced an increase of H2S in the scion, which correlated with enhanced expression of the SlAPX2 gene. A high accumulation of salicylic acid was observed in Pst-inoculated grafted L/L and L/R plants, but this was higher in L/R plants. The increase of H2S during Pst infection was associated with a reduction of ethylene in L/R plants. Our study indicates that the Poncho Negro rootstock reduced the symptoms of bacterial speck disease in the Limachino tomato plants, conferring tolerance to Pst infection. This study provides new knowledge about the impact of rootstock in the defence of tomato plants against leaf pathogens that could be used in sustainable management of tomato cultivation.