bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paraspinal muscle gene expression across different aetiologies in individuals undergoing surgery for lumbar spine pathology
Authors: Ordaz Angel , Anderson Brad , Zlomislic Vinko , Allen R. Todd , Garfin Steven R. , Schuepbach Regula , Farshad Mazda , Schenk Simon , Ward Samuel R. , Shahidi Bahar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to understand potential baseline transcriptional expression differences in paraspinal skeletal muscle from patients with different underlying lumbar pathologies by comparing multifidus gene expression profiles across individuals with either disc herniation, facet arthropathy, or degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Methods
Multifidus biopsies were obtained from patients (n = 44) undergoing lumbar surgery for either disc herniation, facet arthropathy, or degenerative spondylolisthesis. Diagnostic categories were based on magnetic resonance images, radiology reports, and intraoperative reports. Gene expression for 42 genes was analysed using qPCR. A one-way analysis of variance was performed for each gene to determine differences in expression across diagnostic groups. Corrections for multiple comparisons across genes (Benjamini–Hochberg) and for between-group post hoc comparisons (Sidak) were applied.

Results
Adipogenic gene (ADIPOQ) expression was higher in the disc herniation group when compared to the facet arthropathy group (p = 0.032). Adipogenic gene (PPARD) expression was higher in the degenerative spondylolisthesis group when compared to the disc herniation group (p = 0.013), although absolute gene expression levels for all groups was low. Fibrogenic gene (COL3A1) had significantly higher expression in the disc herniation group and facet arthropathy group when compared to the degenerative spondylolisthesis group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.038, respectively). When adjusted for multiple comparisons, only COL3A1 remained significant (p = 0.012).

Conclusion
Individuals with disc herniation and facet arthropathy demonstrate higher COL3A1 gene expression compared to those with degenerative spondylolisthesis. Future research is required to further understand the biological relevance of these transcriptional differences.
Self-service business intelligence and analytics application scenarios: A taxonomy for differentiation
Authors: Passlick Jens , Grützner Lukas , Schulz Michael , Breitner Michael H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSelf-service business intelligence and analytics (SSBIA) empowers non-IT users to create reports and analyses independently. SSBIA methods and processes are discussed in the context of an increasing number of application scenarios. However, previous research on SSBIA has made distinctions among these scenarios only to a limited extent. These scenarios include a wide variety of activities ranging from simple data retrieval to the application of complex algorithms and methods of analysis. The question of which dimensions are suitable for differentiating SSBIA application scenarios remains unanswered. In this article, we develop a taxonomy to distinguish among SSBIA applications more effectively by analyzing the relevant scientific literature and current SSBIA tools as well as by conducting a case study in a company. Both researchers and practitioners can use this taxonomy to describe and analyze SSBIA scenarios in further detail. In this way, the opportunities and challenges associated with SSBIA application can be identified more clearly. In addition, we conduct a cluster analysis based on the SSBIA tools thus analyzed. We identify three archetypes that describe typical SSBIA tools. These archetypes identify the application scenarios that are addressed most frequently by SSBIA tool providers. We conclude by highlighting the limitations of this research and suggesting an agenda for future research.
Defossilierung vorantreiben und Deindustrialisierung vermeiden: möglich, aber schwierig
Authors: Schmidt Christoph M. , Schmidt Torsten 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe German economy is in difficult waters. Since the beginning of the coronavirus crisis, there has been no end to the challenges posed by interruptions in production and supply problems. Despite the need for crisis management, politicians have pledged not to lose sight of environmental sustainability. In addition, our community itself must take more responsibility for strengthening the resilience of supply, value and innovation chains. All of this will only succeed with a greater focus on economic performance; this requires a supply-side economic policy. Drawing insight from this crisis will allow for a successful transition management and a comprehensively transformed economy.
Automatic real-time monitoring of fungal spores: the case of Alternaria spp.
Authors: Erb Sophie , Berne Alexis , Burgdorfer Nina , Clot Bernard , Graber Marie-José , Lieberherr Gian , Sallin Christine , Tummon Fiona , Crouzy Benoît 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present the first implementation of the monitoring of airborne fungal spores in real-time using digital holography. To obtain observations of Alternaria spp. spores representative of their airborne stage, we collected events measured in the air during crop harvesting in a contaminated potato field, using a Swisens Poleno device. The classification algorithm used by MeteoSwiss for operational pollen monitoring was extended by training the system using this additional dataset. The quality of the retrieved concentrations is evaluated by comparison with parallel measurements made with a manual Hirst-type trap. Correlations between the two measurements are high, especially over the main dispersion period of Alternaria spp., demonstrating the potential for automatic real-time monitoring of fungal spores.
Symplectic 4-dimensional semifields of order $$8^4$$ and $$9^4$$
Authors: Lavrauw Michel , Sheekey John 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe classify symplectic 4-dimensional semifields over $$\mathbb {F}_q$$

F
q

, for $$q\le 9$$

q
≤
9

, thereby extending (and confirming) the previously obtained classifications for $$q\le 7$$

q
≤
7

. The classification is obtained by classifying all symplectic semifield subspaces in $$\textrm{PG}(9,q)$$

PG
(
9
,
q
)

for $$q\le 9$$

q
≤
9

up to K-equivalence, where $$K\le \textrm{PGL}(10,q)$$

K
≤
PGL
(
10
,
q
)

is the lift of $$\textrm{PGL}(4,q)$$

PGL
(
4
,
q
)

under the Veronese embedding of $$\textrm{PG}(3,q)$$

PG
(
3
,
q
)

in $$\textrm{PG}(9,q)$$

PG
(
9
,
q
)

of degree two. Our results imply the non-existence of non-associative symplectic 4-dimensional semifields for q even, $$q\le 8$$

q
≤
8

. For q odd, and $$q\le 9$$

q
≤
9

, our results imply that the isotopism class of a symplectic non-associative 4-dimensional semifield over $$\mathbb {F}_q$$

F
q

is contained in the Knuth orbit of a Dickson commutative semifield.
Leveraging State-of-the-Art Engines for Large-Scale Data Analysis in High Energy Physics
Authors: Padulano Vincenzo Eduardo , Kabadzhov Ivan Donchev , Tejedor Saavedra Enric , Guiraud Enrico , Alonso-Jordá Pedro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN has generated a vast amount of information from physics events, reaching peaks of TB of data per day which are then sent to large storage facilities. Traditionally, data processing workflows in the High Energy Physics (HEP) field have leveraged grid computing resources. In this context, users have been responsible for manually parallelising the analysis, sending tasks to computing nodes and aggregating the partial results. Analysis environments in this field have had a common building block in the ROOT software framework. This is the de facto standard tool for storing, processing and visualising HEP data. ROOT offers a modern analysis tool called RDataFrame, which can parallelise computations from a single machine to a distributed cluster while hiding most of the scheduling and result aggregation complexity from users. This is currently done by leveraging Apache Spark as the distributed execution engine, but other alternatives are being explored by HEP research groups. Notably, Dask has rapidly gained popularity thanks to its ability to interface with batch queuing systems, widespread in HEP grid computing facilities. Furthermore, future upgrades of the LHC are expected to bring a dramatic increase in data volumes. This paper presents a novel implementation of the Dask backend for the distributed RDataFrame tool in order to address the aforementioned future trends. The scalability of the tool with both the new backend and the already available Spark backend is demonstrated for the first time on more than two thousand cores, testing a real HEP analysis.
Approximate-analytic optical soliton solutions of a modified-Gerdjikov–Ivanov equation: modulation instability
Authors: Abdel-Gawad H. I. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Gerdjikov–Ivanov equation (GIE) occupied a remarkable area of research in the literature. In the present work, a modified GIE (MGIE) is considered which is new and was not studied in the literature. Also, the modified-unified method (MUM) is used to obtain approximate analytic solutions (AASs) of MGIE. Up to our knowledge, no AASs for non-integrable complex field equation were found up to now. Thus the AASs found, here, are novel. The UM addresses finding the exact solutions to integrable equations. In this sense as no exact solution for MGIE exists, consequently, it is not integrable. So, here, approximate analytic optical soliton solutions are invoked. The UM stands for expressing the solution of nonlinear evolution equations in polynomial and rational forms in an auxiliary function (AF) with an appropriate auxiliary equation. For finding exact solutions by the UM, the coefficients of the AF, with all powers, are set equal to zero, For a non-integrable equation, only approximate solutions are affordable. In this case, we are led to utilizing the MUM. Herein, non-zero coefficients (residue terms (RTs)) are considered as errors, which are space and time-independent. It is worth mentioning that, this is in contrast to the errors found by the different numerical methods, where they are space and time-dependent. Further, in the present case, the maximum error is controlled via an adequate choice of the parameters in the RTs. These solutions are displayed in graphs. Breather soliton, chirped soliton and M-shape soliton, among others, are observed. Furthermore, modulation instability (MI) is studied and it is found MI triggers when the coefficient of the nonlinear dispersion exceeds a critical value.
Optimal design of a cascade controller for frequency stability of photovoltaic–reheat thermal power systems considering nonlinearities
Authors: Barakat Mohamed , Mabrouk A. M. , Donkol Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAutomatic generation control (AGC) is essential for raising living standards because it enhances power supply quality. However, due to the constraints and challenges experienced in practice, an effective and computationally economical control method is necessary to improve AGC performance, particularly in the presence of renewable energy. Therefore, this study introduces a novel cascade controller (CC) of a proportional–integral–derivative (PIDn) controller followed by a proportional–integral (PI) controller, forming a PIDn-PI CC. This controller is used in a two-area model comprising a reheat thermal generator and a photovoltaic unit. The gains of the PI, PIDn, and PIDn-PI controllers are adjusted using the recently introduced chaos game optimization (CGO), which minimizes the objective function integral time multiplied absolute error. The CGO relies on chaos theory principals, wherein the organization of fractal geometry is perceived through the chaotic game and the fractals’ self-similarity properties are considered. At first, the CGO based PIDn controller is employed, to check the suitability of CGO in dealing with AGC problems. Furthermore, several scenarios are used to confirm the effectiveness of the CGO:PIDn-PI scheme when subjected to a high load disturbance and uncertainty, which can change system parameters by ± 50%. A random load pattern is used to ascertain the proposed method’s efficacy. Finally, nonlinearities, such as generation rate constraint and time delay, which have a significant impact on AGC performance, are considered. Compared with relevant current research, the suggested approach outperforms them in terms of settling time, frequency, and tie-line power deviations.
On pursuit and evasion game problems with Gr$$\ddot{\text {o}}$$nwall-type constraints
Authors: Rilwan Jewaidu , Ferrara Massimiliano , Badakaya Abbas Ja’afaru , Pansera Bruno Antonio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study a fixed duration pursuit-evasion differential game problem of one pursuer and one evader with Grönwall-type constraints (recently introduced in the work of Samatov et al. (Ural Math J 6:95–107, 2020b)) imposed on all players’ control functions. The players’ dynamics are governed by a generalized dynamic equation. The payoff is the greatest lower bound of the distances between the evader and the pursuers when the game is terminated. The pursuers’ goal, which contradicts that of the evader, is to minimize the payoff. We obtained sufficient conditions for completion of pursuit and evasion as well. To this end, players’ attainability domain and optimal strategies are constructed.
Health-related quality of life in seven European countries throughout the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from the European COvid Survey (ECOS)
Authors: König Hans-Helmut , Neumann-Böhme Sebastian , Sabat Iryna , Schreyögg Jonas , Torbica Aleksandra , van Exel Job , Barros Pedro Pita , Stargardt Tom , Hajek André 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic in seven European countries and its association with selected sociodemographic as well as COVID-19-related variables.

Methods
We used longitudinal data from nine quarterly waves collected between April 2020 and January 2022 (sample size per wave ranging from N = 7025 to 7300) of the European COvid Survey (ECOS), a representative survey of adults in Germany, United Kingdom, Denmark, Netherlands, France, Portugal and Italy. HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L. The association of self-reported COVID-19 infection, perceived health risk from COVID-19, selected sociodemographic variables and the COVID-19 stringency index with HRQoL was analyzed by logistic and linear fixed effects regressions.

Results
On average across all nine waves, the proportion of respondents reporting any problems in at least one of the EQ-5D dimensions ranged between 63.8% (Netherlands) and 71.0% (Denmark). Anxiety/depression was the most frequently affected EQ-5D dimension in four countries (Portugal: 52.0%; United Kingdom: 50.2%; Italy: 49.2%; France: 49.0%), whereas pain/discomfort ranked first in three countries (Denmark: 58.3%; Germany: 55.8%; Netherlands: 49.0%). On average across all nine waves, the EQ-VAS score ranged from 70.1 in the United Kingdom to 78.4 in Portugal. Moreover, the EQ-5D-5L index ranged from .82 in Denmark to .94 in France. The occurrence of COVID-19 infection, changes in the perceived risk to one’s own health from COVID-19, the occurrence of income difficulties and an increase in the COVID-19 stringency index were associated with increased likelihood of problems in EQ-5D dimensions, reduced EQ-VAS score and reduced EQ-5D-5L index.

Conclusions
Across seven European countries, we found large proportions of respondents reporting problems in HRQoL dimensions throughout the pandemic, especially for anxiety/depression. Various sociodemographic and COVID-19-related variables were associated with HRQoL in longitudinal analysis.
Chemical shift assignments of calmodulin bound to the GluN1 C0 domain (residues 841–865) of the NMDA receptor
Authors: Bej Aritra , Ames James B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNeuroplasticity and synaptic transmission in the brain are regulated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) that consist of hetero-tetrameric combinations of the glycine-binding GluN1 and glutamate-binding GluN2 subunits. Calmodulin (CaM) binds to the cytosolic C0 domain of GluN1 (residues 841–865) that may play a role in the Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) of NMDAR channel activity. Dysregulation of NMDARs are linked to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, depression, stroke, epilepsy, and schizophrenia. Here, we report complete NMR chemical shift assignments of Ca2+-saturated CaM bound to the GluN1 C0 domain of the human NMDAR (BMRB no. 51715).
Application and prospects of 3D printing in physical experiments of rock mass mechanics and engineering: materials, methodologies and models
Authors: Niu Qingjia , Jiang Lishuai , Li Chunang , Zhao Yang , Wang Qingbiao , Yuan Anying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe existence of joints or other kinds of discontinuities has a dramatic effect on the stability of rock excavations and engineering. As a result, a great challenge in rock mass mechanics testing is to prepare rock or rock-like samples with defects. In recent years, 3D printing technology has become a promising tool in the field of rock mass mechanics and engineering. This study first reviews and discusses the research status of traditional test methods in rock mass mechanics tests of making rock samples with defects. Then, based on the comprehensive analysis of previous research, the application of 3D printing technology in rock mass mechanics is expounded from the following three aspects. The first is the printing material. Although there are many materials for 3D printing, it has been found that 3D printing materials that can be used for rock mass mechanics research are very limited. After research, we summarize and evaluate printing material that can be used for rock mass mechanics studies. The second is the printing methodology, which mainly introduces the current application forms of 3D printing technology in rock mass mechanics. This includes printed precise casting molds and one-time printed samples. The last one is the printing model, which includes small-scale samples for mechanical tests and large-scale physical models. Then, the benefits and drawbacks of using 3D printing samples in mechanical tests and the validity of their simulation of real rock are discussed. Compared with traditional rock samples collected in nature or synthetic rock-like samples, the samples made by 3D printing technology have unique advantages, such as higher test repeatability, visualization of rock internal structure and stress distribution. There is thus great potential for the use of 3D printing in the field of rock mass mechanics. However, 3D printing materials also have shortcomings, such as insufficient material strength and accuracy at this stage. Finally, the application prospect of 3D printing technology in rock mass mechanics research is proposed.
Frailty, falls and poor functional mobility predict new onset of activity restriction due to concerns about falling in older adults: a prospective 12-month cohort study
Authors: Ellmers Toby J. , Delbaere Kim , Kal Elmar C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Concerns about falling are common in older adults and often cause activity restriction. This can lead to physical deconditioning, falls and social isolation. However, not every concerned older adult will restrict their activities. This 12-month longitudinal study investigated the physical and psychosocial factors that predict the new onset of activity restriction due to concerns about falling in older people.

Methods
Participants were 543 older adults (Mage = 80.3 ± 4.4 years, range: 75–98) who did not report activity restriction due to concerns about falling at Timepoint-1 (negative response to the following question: “Do concerns about falling stop you going out-and-about?”). Participants completed a battery of physical and psychological assessments at Timepoint-1. Using binary logistic regression, we then assessed which of these variables predicted whether participants reported having started restricting their activity due to concerns about falling at the 12-month follow-up (Timepoint 2).

Results
10.1% of the sample started to restrict activity due to concerns about falling at Timepoint 2. Three key predictors significantly predicted activity restriction group status at 12-month follow-up: greater frailty at Timepoint-1 (Fried Frailty Index; OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.09–2.30), experiencing a fall between Timepoint-1 and 2 (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.13–4.38) and poorer functional mobility at Timepoint-1 (Timed up and Go; OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.15).

Conclusions
Frailty, experiencing a fall and poorer functional mobility all predicted the onset of activity restriction due to concerns about falling. Clinicians working in balance and falls-prevention services should regularly screen for frailty, and patients referred to frailty services should likewise receive tailored treatment to help prevent the development of activity restriction due to concerns about falling.
Low-visibility commercial ground operations: An objective and subjective evaluation of a multimodal display
Authors: Blundell J. , Collins C. , Sears R. , Plioutsias T. , Huddlestone J. , Harris D. , Harrison J. , Kershaw A. , Harrison P. , Lamb P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFlight crews’ capacity to conduct take-off and landing in near zero visibility conditions has been partially addressed by advanced surveillance and cockpit display technology. This capability is yet to be realised within the context of manoeuvring aircraft within airport terminal areas. In this paper the performance and workload benefits of user-centre designed visual and haptic taxi navigational cues, presented via a head-up display (HUD) and active sidestick, respectively, were evaluated in simulated taxiing trials by 12 professional pilots. In addition, the trials sought to examine pilot acceptance of side stick nose wheel steering. The HUD navigational cues demonstrated a significant task-specific benefit by reducing centreline deviation during turns and the frequency of major taxiway deviations. In parallel, the visual cues reduced self-report workload. Pilot’s appraisal of nose wheel steering by sidestick was positive, and active sidestick cues increased confidence in the multimodal guidance construct. The study presents the first examination of how a multimodal display, combining visual and haptic cues, could support the safety and efficiency in which pilots are able to conduct a taxi navigation task in low-visibility conditions.
Potential analytical interferences when measuring Tmax during temperature programmed pyrolysis of hydrothermally altered volcanoclastic sediment
Authors: Bowden Stephen A. , Kobayashi Yuino , Offeh Ogheneworo E. , Tsang Man-Yin , Yamamoto Yuzuru 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe temperature of maximum pyrolysis yield (known as Tmax) can be used to determine the level of thermal alteration in sedimentary organic matter; higher Tmax values represent higher thermal alteration. Tmax is commonly measured on petroleum source rocks or similar sediments with high organic carbon contents. It would be desirable to measure the Tmax of volcanic sediments because they can have complex patterns of thermal alteration. However, volcanic sediments often have low total organic carbon contents and consequently are susceptible to analytical interferences. Despite this, it can be shown that meaningful Tmax measurements can still be made in sediment with organic carbon contents as low as 0.2% and that interference caused by bitumen or ionizable salts can be mitigated by solvent extraction and rinsing with water. Thus, it is reasonable to use temperature programmed pyrolysis to assess levels of thermal alteration in even low total organic carbon volcanoclastic sediments.