bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of titanium dioxide on the structural, thermal, and electrical properties of chlorinated natural rubber/poly (indole) blend nanocomposites for flexible nanoelectronic devices
Authors: Parvathi Krishnanivas , Ramesan Manammel Thankappan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of highly flexible conductive rubber blend nanocomposites using a conductive polymer with metal oxide is a new and promising approach. In this work, the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on the performance of chlorinated natural rubber/polyindole (Cl‐NR/PIN) blend nanocomposites was systematically studied. Fourier‐transform infrared spectra revealed the successful incorporation of nanoparticles in the blend system. UV analysis assessed the increased absorption spectra of the nanocomposite compared to the pure blend. The X‐ray diffraction confirms the presence of TiO2 nanostructure in the blend. The high resolution transmission electron microscope results exhibited the uniform dispersion of TiO2 in the blend. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis show the increased glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the blend nanocomposite with an increase in TiO2 concentration. The linear low‐frequency AC conductivity demonstrated the occurrence of electrode polarization and the exponential increase in AC conductivity after a threshold frequency illustrated the semiconducting behavior of the composites. The maximum dielectric constant and AC conductivity were measured for the composite with 5 wt% filler loading, as the threshold level for the maximum interfacial contact. The hopping conduction, activation energy, improved conductivity and dielectric properties suggest that these blend nanocomposite films are promising candidates for the development of flexible energy storage devices.
Percutaneous heart valves demonstrating long‐term durability: A case series of Melody valves in the pulmonary position lasting up to 19 years
Authors: MacDonald Simon T. , Bhan Amit , Khambadkone Sachin , Mullen Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is uncertain how long catheter delivered percutaneous heart valves may last. In congenital cardiology, stenosis and regurgitation of right ventricular to pulmonary artery conduits and valves is common, leading to repeated operations for young patients with concomitant mortality and morbidity. It has also been unclear whether percutaneous pulmonary valves last as long as surgical pulmonary valves. When the current generation of the percutaneous pulmonary valve was first implanted in the United Kingdom from 2003, randomized trials were initially not performed, decided on a case‐by‐case basis in congenital cardiology, nor long‐term registries kept. We describe three cases where such percutaneous heart valves have lasted up to 19 years. All valves were working without significant stenosis and minor degrees of regurgitation on long‐term echocardiographic follow‐up, patients being asymptomatic. This demonstrates that percutaneous pulmonary valves can achieve long‐term durability and may prevent the need for otherwise high‐risk surgery in congenital cardiac patients.
Biosurfactant Production by Acinetobacter venetianus and Its Application in Bioremediation
Authors: Portal D'Almeida Alan , de Albuquerque Tiago Lima , Melo Vânia Maria Maciel , Silveira Vieira Rodrigo , Ponte Rocha Maria Valderez 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOil spills in marine environments are common due to the intense flow of transport. One of the ways to reduce the effects caused by these spills is bioremediation. A biosurfactant produced by Acinetobacter venetianus AMO1502, a strain isolated from oil spilled off the Brazilian coast, was investigated as a bioremediation agent. The highest cell growth and biosurfactant production were obtained using a culture medium supplemented with NaCl. The biosurfactant had high emulsifying activity and reduced the surface tension of water by up to 41.7 %. This biomolecule showed high stability related to temperature, pH, and NaCl addition as petroderivate removal agent, reaching 25 % removal of the engine oil in sand and 12 % removal of the oil in an aqueous medium, also reducing oil stains adsorbed on contaminated stones.
Synthesis of cinchona urea polymers using Yamamoto coupling and their application to asymmetric reaction
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Farhadur , Fujisawa Ikuhide , Haraguchi Naoki , Itsuno Shinichi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCinchona urea compounds having 3,5‐diiodophenyl moieties were subjected to Yamamoto coupling polymerization to afford the chiral urea polymers. These polymers showed high activities as heterogeneous catalysts in asymmetric Michael reactions comparable with those of the corresponding monomeric catalyst in solution systems. Furthermore, the polymeric catalysts are easily recovered from their reaction mixtures due to their insolubility and can be reused several times without loss of catalytic activity.
Diastereomeric multi‐chiral pendant groups: Their key role in stimuli‐responsive polymeric responses
Authors: Rodríguez Rafael , Rivadulla‐Cendal Elena , Quiñoá Emilio , Freire Félix 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChiral information transmission in helical polymers bearing multi‐chiral pendant groups is usually determined by the absolute configuration of the first chiral center. The second chiral residue usually has low‐to‐null influence in the macromolecular handedness of the polymer, due to its remote position respect to the polyene main chain. Here, we demonstrate how the stimuli responsive properties of diastereomeric polymers, obtained by changing the absolute configuration of the second chiral center, are different due to the unlike properties of diastereoisomers.
Synthesis and Optical Properties of Polyaryl 2‐(Pyridin‐2‐yl)phenol‐Based Four‐Coordinate Organoboron Complexes
Authors: Liu Xiang , Zhou Jinlei , Zheng Huitao , Liu Jiali , Liu Zhihao , Ni Linying , Kong Xiangxi , Zhang Chen , Cao Hua 
Published: January 2023

Comprehensive SummaryA family of polyaryl 2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)phenol‐based four‐coordinate organoboron complexes were prepared in good yields via deconstructive cycloaromatization of indolizines, cyclopropenones, and boric acids. The photoluminescence measurements have revealed that these N,O π‐conjugated tetracoordinate boron complexes display bright fluorescence, large Stokes shifts, and good quantum yields (Φlum = 0.15—0.45). In addition, the DFT calculations were carried out to deepen the understanding of the electronic structures and optoelectronic properties of these structurally unprecedented tetracoordinate boron complexes.
PROTOCOL: Assessment of publication time in Campbell systematic reviews: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Pan Bei , Ge Long , Wei Zhipeng , Hou Liangying , Lai Honghao , Yang Kehu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. This study has three main objectives: (1) To examine the time duration from title registration to publication of the protocol for a Campbell systematic review and publication of the completed Campbell systematic review; (2) To describe publication times in accordance with the characteristics of the reviews, which include year of publication, type of review, number of authors, number of collaborative institutions, the time gap between the date the search was conducted and review publication, and the length and complexity of the included review (including the number of pages, the number of tables and figures, the number of studies included in the review, the number and type of analyses undertaken, and the number of references); (3) To describe the differences in publication times between Campbell Review Groups.
Post‐translocation dynamics of black‐tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus): A successful conservation and human–wildlife conflict mitigation tool
Authors: Guernsey Noelle C. , Lendrum Patrick E. , Krank Lindsey Sterling , Grassel Shaun M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrairie dogs have declined by 98% throughout their range in the grasslands of North America. Translocations have been used as a conservation tool to reestablish colonies of this keystone species and to mitigate human–wildlife conflict. Understanding the behavioral responses of prairie dogs to translocation is of utmost importance to enhance the persistence of the species and for species that depend on them, including the critically endangered black‐footed ferret. In 2017 and 2018, we translocated 658 black‐tailed prairie dogs on the Lower Brule Indian Reservation in central South Dakota, USA, a black‐footed ferret recovery site. Here, we describe and evaluate the effectiveness of translocating prairie dogs into augered burrows and soft‐released within presumed coteries to reestablish colonies in previously occupied habitat. We released prairie dogs implanted with passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) and conducted recapture events approximately 1‐month and 1‐year post‐release. We hypothesized that these methods would result in a successful translocation and that prairie dogs released as coteries would remain close to where they were released because of their highly social structure. In support of these methods leading to a successful translocation, 69% of marked individuals was captured 1‐month post‐release, and 39% was captured 1‐year post‐release. Furthermore, considerable recruitment was observed with 495 unmarked juveniles captured during the 1‐year post‐release trapping event, and the reestablished colony had more than doubled in the area by 2021. Contrary to our hypothesis, yet to our knowledge a novel finding, there was greater initial movement within the colony 1‐month post‐release than expected based on recapture locations compared with the published average territory size; however, 1 year after release, most recaptured individuals were captured within the expected territory size when compared to capture locations 1‐month post‐release. This research demonstrates that while translocating prairie dogs may be socially disruptive initially, it is an important conservation tool.
Characterization of the volatile compounds in white radishes under different organic fertilizer treatments by HS‐GC‐IMS with PCA
Authors: Liu Yuan , Zhang Xuan , Wang Jian , Xing Weihai , Liu Yang , Wan Yuping , Li Na , Wang Jiying , Liu Guangyang , Wang Rui , Song Mengmeng , Wang Tianrui , Cao Jiayong , Wang Ruobing , Li Yunlong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOrganic agriculture and organic produce are attracting increasing attention around the world. In order to explore the effects of different organic fertilizers on the volatile flavour compounds of white radishes, six experimental groups were designed as follows: no fertilizer group (CK) and conventional chemical fertilizer group (CF) as the control, pig manure organic fertilizer (PMOF), sheep manure organic fertilizer (SMOF), earthworm manure organic fertilizer (EMOF), and earthworm manure organic fertilizer with the microbial agent (EMOF+M) as the organic groups. Headspace–gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (HS‐GC‐IMS) was used to detect the volatile flavour compounds of white radishes under six different planting conditions. A total of 26 volatile flavour compounds were identified qualitatively and the common characteristic flavour compounds of organic and conventional white radishes were determined, as well as the differences in the composition and content of volatile flavour compounds in different white radishes. The flavour fingerprint of white radish was established, and principal component analysis (PCA) clearly showed that the samples in a relatively separate space could be well‐distinguished. It provided a theoretical basis for the establishment and improvement of the evaluation system of volatile flavour substances of white radish, which was of great significance in the high‐quality production of white radish and the safe and sustainable development of organic vegetable industry.
Epigenetic aging in adult neurogenesis
Authors: Zocher Sara , Toda Tomohisa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNeural stem cells (NSCs) in the hippocampus generate new neurons throughout life, which functionally contribute to cognitive flexibility and mood regulation. Yet adult hippocampal neurogenesis substantially declines with age and age‐related impairments in NSC activity underlie this reduction. Particularly, increased NSC quiescence and consequently reduced NSC proliferation are considered to be major drivers of the low neurogenesis levels in the aged brain. Epigenetic regulators control the gene expression programs underlying NSC quiescence, proliferation and differentiation and are hence critical to the regulation of adult neurogenesis. Epigenetic alterations have also emerged as central hallmarks of aging, and recent studies suggest the deterioration of the NSC‐specific epigenetic landscape as a driver of the age‐dependent decline in adult neurogenesis. In this review, we summarize the recently accumulating evidence for a role of epigenetic dysregulation in NSC aging and propose perspectives for future research directions.
The evidence base for emergency use authorizations for COVID‐19 treatments: A rapid review
Authors: Knowlson Catherine , Byrne Ailish , Wilkinson Jacqueline , Whitmore Claire , Torgerson David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) permitted emergency use authorizations (EUAs) for vaccines/treatments with promising data. Eight treatments were issued EUAs by May 31, 2021; one of these was approved (Remdesivir for certain populations) and two were revoked (chloroquine phosphate/hydroxychloroquine and bamlanivimab) by September 30, 2021. The aim of this study is to find out what evidence the EUAs were based on and how many studies were published while they remained active (up to September 30, 2021).MethodsA review of published clinical studies for the 6 months before each EUA was issued, and the time after (until September 30, 2021, or until revoked). PubMed and the identified systematic reviews were the sources for identifying published literature.ResultsThe number of clinical studies published pre‐EUA varied from a single case study (for chloroquine phosphate/hydroxychloroquine) to numerous studies of multiple types (for convalescent plasma). Four treatments had a single randomized controlled trial (RCT) as evidence (bamlanivimab monotherapy, REGN‐COV, bamlanivimab + etesevimab, sotrovimab) and two also had other study types (remdesivir and baricitinib). The number of clinical studies published post‐EUA (for those active on September 30, 2021) was widely varied. Eighteen RCTs were published for Convalescent plasma, while Remdesivir had eight. Baricitinib, REGN‐COV, and bamlanivimab + etesevimab all had one, but none were published for sotrovimab.ConclusionThe number of trials for treatments with EUAs was limited in all cases before the EUA was issued, and in most cases for those with EUAs ongoing at the end of September 2021. The presence of EUAs may discourage participation in relevant clinical trials, which delays the widespread implementation of evidenced‐based therapies. Large, robust RCTs should be completed, such as the RECOVERY trial in the United Kingdom, to quickly find the answers desperately required during a pandemic.
In Silico Re‐Optimization of Atezolizumab Dosing Using Population Pharmacokinetic Simulation and Exposure–Response Simulation
Authors: Peer Cody J. , Schmidt Keith T. , Arisa Oluwatobi , Richardson William J. , Paydary Koosha , Goldstein Daniel A. , Gulley James L. , Figg William D. , Ratain Mark J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAtezolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1), was initially approved in 2016, around the same time that the sponsor published the minimum serum concentration to maintain the saturation of receptor occupancy (6 μg/mL). The initially approved dose regimen of 1200 mg every 3 weeks (q3w) was subsequently modified to 840 mg q2w or 1680 mg q4w through pharmacokinetic simulations. Yet, each standard regimen yields steady‐state trough concentrations (CMIN,SS) far exceeding (≈ 40‐fold) the stated target concentration. Additionally, the steady‐state area under the plasma drug concentration–time curve (AUCSS) at 1200 mg q3w was significantly (P = .027) correlated with the probability of adverse events of special interest (AESIs) in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and, coupled with excess exposure, this provides incentive to explore alternative dose regimens to lower the exposure burden while maintaining an effective CMIN,SS. In this study, we first identified 840 mg q6w as an extended‐interval regimen that could robustly maintain a serum concentration of 6 μg/mL (≥99% of virtual patients simulated, n = 1000), then applied this regimen to an approach that administers 2 “loading doses” of standard‐interval regimens for a future clinical trial aiming to personalize dose regimens. Each standard dose was simulated for 2 loading doses, then 840 mg q6w thereafter; all yielded cycle‐7 CMIN,SS values of >6 μg/mL in >99% of virtual patients. Further, the AUCSS from 840 mg q6w resulted in a flattening (P = .63) of the exposure–response relationship with adverse events of special interest (AESIs). We next aim to verify this in a clinical trial seeking to validate extended‐interval dosing in a personalized approach using therapeutic drug monitoring.
Fourier transformation based texture analysis for differentiating between hyperplastic polyps and sessile serrated adenomas
Authors: Klorin Geula , Hayat Noa , Linder Revital , Amit Amnon , Reiss Ari , Sabo Edmond 
Published: January 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer. One major pathway involved in the development of CRC is the serrated pathway. Colorectal polyps can be divided in benign, like small hyperplastic polyps and premalignant polyps, like the sessile serrated adenomas (SSA) that has a significant potential of malignant transformation. The morphological similarity between these types of polyp, not‐infrequently raises diagnostic difficulties. This study aimed to morphologically differentiate between hyperplastic polyps (HP) and SSAs by using automated computerized texture analysis of Fourier transformed histological images. Thirty images of HP and 58 images of SSA were analyzed by computerized texture analysis. A fast Fourier transformation was applied to the images. The Fourier frequency plots were further transformed into gray level co‐occurrence matrices and four textural variables were extracted: entropy, correlation, contrast, and homogeneity. Our study is the first to combine this type of analysis for automated classification of colonic neoplasia. The results were analyzed using statistical and neural network (NNET) classification models. The predictive values of these classifiers were compared. The statistical regression algorithm presented a sensitivity of 95% to detect the SSA and a specificity of 80% to detect the HP. The NNET analysis was superior to the statistical analysis displaying a classification accuracy of 100%. The results of this study have confirmed the hypothesis that Fourier based texture image analysis is helpful in differentiating between HP and SSA.Research HighlightsColorectal polyps can be divided in benign, like hyperplastic polyps (HP) and premalignant, like the sessile serrated adenomas (SSA). There is a high morphologic similarity between these two types of polyp that not‐infrequently raises diagnostic difficulties. The results of our morphometric analysis that were used to build a neural network based model of prediction of the polyp types, have a great clinical importance of identifying SSA polyps which have significant potential of malignant progression as compared to HP.
Hsa_circ_0079480 enhances cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in colorectal cancer through miR‐498/ATP5E axis
Authors: Lin Ruo‐Yang , Huang Zhi‐Ming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCircular RNAs play critical roles in tumorigenesis. hsa_circ_0079480 was reported to be upregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its specific molecule in CRC is poorly understood. Hsa_circ_0079480, miR‐498, and ATP5E expressions in CRC tissues and CRC cells were determined using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay. ATP5E protein level was assessed using Western blot. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were examined by 3‐(4, 5‐Dimethylthiazolyl2)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and Transwell assays, respectively. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to analyze the interactions between hsa_circ_0079480, miR‐498, and ATP5E. This study results showed that hsa_circ_0079480 and ATP5E expressions were significantly increased in CRC tissues and CRC cells, while miR‐498 was downregulated. Hsa_circ_0079480 knockdown dramatically suppressed CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Meanwhile, it turned out that hsa_circ_0079480 knockdown inhibited CRC tumor growth in vivo. Hsa_circ_0079480 could negatively regulate miR‐498 expression by directly targeting miR‐498. MiR‐498 overexpression dramatically inhibited CRC cell malignant behaviors. miR‐498 negatively regulated ATP5E expression by directly binding to ATP5E. ATP5E knockdown suppressed CRC cell malignant behaviors. ATP5E overexpression mitigated the inhibitory effect of hsa_circ_0079480 on CRC cell malignant behaviors. Since hsa_circ_0079480 knockdown inhibited CRC cells malignant behaviors through regulation of the miR‐498/ATP5E axis, it can be concluded that hsa_circ_0079480 might have great potential as therapeutic target for CRC.
Analysis of T1‐T2 stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with transoral robotic surgery
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Xing , Chen Wenkuan , Zhang Quan , Li Qiuli , Chen Shuwei , Yang Zhongyuan , Su Xuan , Yan Shida , Yang Ankui , Song Ming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) has become an effective treatment for early‐stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs). We aimed to analyze the clinical safety and efficacy of TORS for human papilloma virus (HPV)‐positive and HPV‐negative OPSCC in China.MethodsPatients with OPSCC of pT1‐T2 stage who underwent TORS from March 2017 to December 2021 were analyzed.ResultsA total of 83 patients (HPV‐positive, n = 25; HPV‐negative, n = 58) were included. The median age of the patients was 57.0 years and 71 were men. The majority of primary tumor sites were palatine tonsils (52, 62.7%) and base of tongues (20, 24.1%). Three patients have a positive margin. A total of 12 (14.5%) patients received tracheotomies, the average duration of tracheostomy tube use was 9.4 days, and nasogastric tube was 14.5 days. No patient had a long‐term tracheotomy. The 3‐year overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) for all 83 patients were 89.5%, 80.1%, and 83.3%, respectively. The OS at 3 years between the HPV‐positive group and HPV‐negative group were 100% versus 84.3% (P = .07), while the DFS and RFS between two groups also showed no significant difference. Among multivariate cox regression analysis of all potential risk factors, smoking was the significant risk factors for disease recurrence (P < .05).ConclusionTransoral robotic surgery achieved encouraging oncologic outcomes and safety in T1‐T2 stage OPSCC treatment, regardless of HPV status.Level of Evidence4