bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling directivity of heterogeneous earthquake ruptures
Authors: Bernard Pascal , Herrero André , Berge Catherine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The k-square broadband kinematic model of earthquake rupture proposed by Herrero and Bernard (1994) is reconsidered in order to relax the assumption of an instantaneous slip. The basic k−2 decay of the final slip spectrum is preserved, as well as the constant rupture velocity v. The rise-time τmax is finite, equal to L0/v, where L0 is the width of the slip pulse propagating at the velocity v along the fault (length L). The slip velocity is not constant during the slipping phase; otherwise, the model would produce an ω-square-type radiation for frequencies below fp = 1/τmax and an ω3 decay at higher frequencies. We instead introduce the concept of a scale-dependent rise-time τ(kx), where kx is the wavenumber in the direction of propagation: at a scale smaller than L0, the partial slip at a given wavelength is assumed to be completed in a time proportional to this wavelength after the arrival of the rupture front. At a larger scale, the rise-time τmax is constant, being limited by the arrival of the stopping phases, or by the “self-healing” of the slip pulse. The resulting radiation spectrum is an ω square distorted by frequency-dependent directivity effects. It presents holes at characteristic frequencies, the lowest being fp. In the case of S waves and a narrow pulse model (L0 ≪ L), there is a strong frequency dependence of the directivity effect in the direction of rupture, with a larger amplification at low frequencies (f &lt; fp), controlled by C2d, and a smaller amplification at higher frequencies, controlled by Cd, where Cd is the standard directivity coefficient 1/[1 − v/c cos(ϑ)]. With broader pulses, fp is shifted toward the lowest frequencies, masking the C2d effect, thus reducing the directivity effects to a Cd amplification of the spectral level. More generally, any target spectrum of the far-field displacement—such as any power-law decay ωn—can be simulated: the far-field displacement spectrum is proportional to the spatial slip spectrum, and the corresponding directivity effects will be controlled by Cnd at low frequency and Cn − 1d at high frequencies. In light of this simple model, we analyzed the spectral shapes of the Landers 1992 regional broadband records. The dominant spectral hole observed at about 0.3 Hz is associated to fp, leading to a pulse width of about 10 km—thus a “broad” pulse—and the absence of strong directive amplification suggests a rather slow mean rupture velocity (v/c ≦ 0.8), which is in agreement with published results of the Landers 1992 waveform inversions.
Theoretical Proposal for a New Model of Cylindrical Biogas Combustion Cook Stove
Authors: Bagaya Noufou , Ouédraogo Issaka , Koumbem Windé Nongué Daniel , Baldé Younoussa Moussa , Diop Sette , Zhang Ying 
Published: July 2023

<p>The cook stove is usually constructed from black-painted sheet metal, to better absorb energy. To enhance thermal performance, a theoretical cylindrical design is proposed in this article. This article aims to study this design and compare its performance with the conical design. Theoretical modeling of the cook stove was carried out considering heat transfer by radiation, convection, and conduction based on a steady-state thermal network, and solved using the Matlab R2021b<sup>®</sup> platform under license (License No. 595687). The result of the theoretical analysis predicts a theoretical efficiency of 65%, a pot air temperature <em>T<sub>f</sub></em>=220<sup>o</sup>C and a flame temperature <em>Ta</em>=900<sup>o</sup>C. Similarly, a validation with Sagouong's model on combustion chamber temperature and Kaushik's model on thermal efficiency. A maximum threshold (RMSE) of 4% is observed between the two studies. The <em>T<span style="font-size: 8.33333px;">c</span></em> temperature stagnates rapidly within 5 minutes at 600<sup>o</sup>C and the comparison showed that the firing temperatures of the cylindrical shape are higher than those of the conical-shaped cook stove. Consequently, the performance of the cylindrical-shaped cooking stove can be improved by further experimentation and flue gas analysis.</p>
Stephen Hawking's Atheist View on Science ; A Critics from Philosophy of Islamic Education
Authors: Hamka Syamsuar Hamka , Aswar Aswar , Fatahuddin Askar 
Published: July 2023

Religions, for most western scientists, do not develop linearly with science. Because since the beginning, religion has been removed from the world of scientific research. Efforts to approach nature are freed from metaphysical elements, which according to al-Attas, Nature is no longer considered sacred. As a result, it is permissible to act freely against nature. Nature is only limited to the framework of mechanistic philosophy which furthermore becomes the philosophical foundation for the development of modern science. This study examines the implications of Stephen Hawking's Atheist View on Science for the modern education in Indonesia according to The Philosophy of Islamic Education. This research begins with data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions based on a combination of information about the object of research after analyzing Hawking's atheist view on science and its implications for the modern education in Indonesia according to The Philosophy of Islamic Education. This research shows that, according to Hawking, the only instrument that can explain the nature of the universe is science. And in the creation of the universe, there was no need for an entity called God. Consequently, Stephen Hawking's atheist view towards science has profound implications for 1) the purpose of education. With the concept of nature based on atheism, the purpose of education will also potentially remove the element of God from the equation. 2) the curriculum. An education system built on reduced epistemological concepts will end up with the marginalization of metaphysics. 3) the educational approaches. Approaches to science that are based on atheism do not touch the moral-religious aspects. 4) evaluation system. An evaluation system that is based on atheism will also result in an assessment that emphasizes more on cognitive aspects and tends to ignore aspects of morals and manners.
A Case of Angioedema and Urticaria in a Patient with Adult-Onset Still's Disease Receiving a TNF-alpha Inhibitor
Authors: Nguyen Tien , Dargham Bassel , Jackson Nicola , Ware Avis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Adult-onset Still’s Disease (AOSD) is a rare multisystemic autoinflammatory disorder of unknown etiology usually affecting young adults and is characterized by spiking fever, polyarthritis and evanescent salmon pink rash. Recently, multiple new treatments including IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-18 inhibitors as well as TNF alpha inhibitors have been suggested for patients resistant to conventional glucocorticoid therapy. We present an unusual case of a patient who was diagnosed with AOSD and treated with infliximab. Treatment course was complicated by drug induced lupus, periorbital angioedema and urticaria.
Case Presentation
A previously healthy 20-year-old female presented with a 10-day history of recurrent fevers, rash, polyarthritis and an intermittent pink, patchy, non-raised rash on her arms, neck, and face. Physical exam revealed synovitis in her bilateral elbows, wrists, knees, and ankles. Workup was significant for ANA 1:80 (Negative < 1:80), ferritin > 4500 ng/ml (normal range 11-306.8), soluble IL-2R 2221 U/ml (normal range 45-1105), CRP 171.5 mg/L (normal range 1-10), ESR 23 mm/hr (normal range 0-20), and normal C3 and C4. She was diagnosed with adult Still’s disease and treated with glucocorticoids followed by methotrexate and plaquenil without resolution of her symptoms. Her treatment was escalated to infliximab 3 mg/kg to which she responded well.
Eight months later, the patient developed periorbital swelling, malar rash, and eyelid rash. We suspected that the patient developed drug induced lupus and we discontinued Infliximab for Actemra infusions with improvement of her arthritis and rash. However, she continued to have episodes of urticaria with left upper eyelid swelling. Urticaria workup was remarkable for a low quantitative C1 esterase inhibitor, though previously normal. She was referred to allergy and was diagnosed with hereditary angioedema.
Conclusions
Drug-induced lupus is a well-recognized complication of TNF alpha inhibitor therapy. Although less commonly reported, angioedema and urticaria should also be recognized as potential complications. In these patients, treatment should be promptly discontinued to avoid life threatening complications such as laryngeal edema. Angioedema and urticaria are rare cutaneous manifestations of AOSD and recognition of this clinical variant is important in the differential diagnosis of unexplained angioedema.
Exosomes derived from HIF-1α modified adipose mesenchymal stem cell- ameliorates pulmonary vascular remodeling via upregulating FOXO1 in mice with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Chai Mingming , Sun Yonghong , Lei Xiaoyan , Chen Xingxing , Gao Mingdong , Cao Yunshan , Sai Yipa , Bao Baixin , Chen Lili 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) execute their paracrine effects via the secretion of exosomes, especially under hypoxic conditions. HIF-1α played a critical role in regulating the cellular response to hypoxia and promoting tissue repair through various mechanisms. In present study, we want to assess whether ADSCs derived extracellular vesicles (ADSCs-EVs) could extenuate hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and the role of exosomes derived from HIF-1α modified (Exos-HIF-1α) in endothelial cell (EC) function. Exosomes were isolated from cell culture supernatants and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was attenuated in mice treated with Exos-HIF-1α. Exos-HIF-1α showed a protective role in hypoxia induction led to HPMECs injury and induced autophagy, which were reversed by 3-MA treatment (an autophagy inhibitor). Bioinformatic analyses indicated that FOXO signal pathway and FOXO1 were involved in endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, deletion of FOXO1 or pharmacological inhibition of FOXO1 reduced the effects of Exos-HIF-1α under hypoxia in vitro. In addition, FOXO1 overexpression showed the similar protective impacts on HPMECs injury and autophagy upon hypoxia. Our findings indicated that FOXO1 contributed a crucial role in Exos-HIF-1α in maintaining endothelial function and pulmonary artery remodeling in PAH.
Modelling Transient Mixed Convection Flow in a Vertical Micro-Annulus with Internal Heat Generation and Temperature-Dependent Viscosity
Authors: Mkpedem Kufre , Durojaye Mary 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents an analytical solutions for describing transient mixed convection flow and heat transfer in a vertical micro-annulus with internal heat generation and temperaturedependent viscosity. The model formulated taking into consideration the viscous energy dissipation. The outer wall of the annulus is assumed to be impermeable. The governing equations formulated based on the conservation of momentum and energy were solved analytically using polynomial approximation method. The results obtained are presented graphically and discussed. The results revealed the effects of operating parameters on the flow and heat transfer in an annulus. Our findings showed that there is an inverse relationship between the fluid temperature and fluid velocity. This results might be used for interpretation or experiments planning of the more complex flow and heat transfer processes.
Effects of Environmental Exposure to Iron Powder in Healthy and Elastase-Exposed Mice
Authors: Galli Thiago Tafarel , Campos Elaine Cristina , Camargo Leandro do Nascimento , Fukuzaki Silvia , Santos Tabata Marayama dos , Hamaguchi Sara Sumie Sobral , Bezerra Suellen Karoline Moreira , Silva Fabio José Alencar , Rezende Bianca Goulart , Lopes Fernanda Tenório Quirino dos Santos , Olivo Clarice Rosa , Saraiva-Romanholo Beatriz Mangueira , Prado Carla Máximo , Leick Edna Aparecida , Bourotte Christine L.M. , Benseñor Isabela Judith Martins , Lotufo Paulo Andrade , Righetti Renato Fraga , Tibério Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Prolonged exposure to iron powder and other mineral dusts can harm affected populations, especially those with COPD. The goal of this study was to see how environmental exposure to metal dust affected lung mechanics, inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress responses, and elastase in mice in two different mining centers in Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Methods: This study utilized 72 male C57Bl/6 mice (36 summer and 36 winter), which were divided into six groups: control, non-exposed (SAL); non-exposed, given elastase (ELA); exposed to metal powder at a mining company (SAL-L1 and ELA-L1); and exposed to a location three miles away from the mining company (SAL-L2 and ELA-L2) for four weeks. On the 29th day of the protocol, the researchers assessed lung mechanics, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress, and alveolar wall alterations (mean linear intercept – Lm).
Results: ELA, ELA-L1 and ELA-L2 had an increase in Lm compared to the SAL groups (p<0.05). There was an increase in total cells and macrophages in ELA-L1 and ELA-L2 compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Exposed groups (ELA-L1, ELA-L2, SAL-L1, and SAL-L2) had an increase in cell expression of Inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, and neutrophils) (p<0.05); remodeling markers (TIMP-1, MMP-9, MMP-12, TGF-β, collagen fibers and MUC5AC); oxidative stress (iNOS); and mechanisms involved (NFkB) increased compared to ELA and SAL (p<0.05). Although we did not find differences in lung mechanics across all groups, there were low to moderate correlations between these parameters (elastance and resistance of lung tissue) (p0.05).
Conclusions: Aside from lung mechanics, environmental exposure to iron and metal powder exacerbated inflammation, remodeling, and oxidative stress responses in exposed mice with and without emphysema. The mechanisms involved are dependent on iNOS and NFkB activation.
Real-time laser speckle contrast imaging for intraoperative neurovascular blood flow assessment. Animal experimental study.
Authors: Konovalov Anton , Grebenev Fyodor , Stavtsev Dmitry , Kozlov Igor , Gadjiagaev Vadim , Piavchenko Gennadii , Telyshev Dmitry , Gerasimenko Alexander , Meglinski Igor , Eliava Shalva , Zalogin Savely , Artemyev Anton , Golodnev Grigorii , Shumeiko Tatiana 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The use of various blood flow control methods in neurovascular interventions is crucial for reducing postoperative complications. Neurosurgeons worldwide use different methods, such as contact Dopplerography, intraoperative indocianine videoangiography (ICG) video angiography, fluorescein angiography, flowmetry, intraoperative angiography, direct angiography, etc. However, there is no noninvasive method that can assess the presence of blood flow in the vessels of the brain without the introduction of fluorescent substances throughout the intervention. The real-time laser-speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) method was studied for its effectiveness in controlling blood flow in standard cerebrovascular surgery cases in rat common carotid arteries, such as proximal occlusion, trapping, reperfusion, anastomosis, and intraoperative vessel thrombosis. The real-time LSCI method is a promising method for use in neurosurgical practice. It allows timely diagnosis of intraoperative disturbance of blood flow in the vessels in case of clip occlusion or thrombosis. Additionally, LSCI allows us to reliably confirm the functioning of the anastomosis and reperfusion after removal of the clips and thrombolysis in real time. An unresolved limitation of the method is noise from movements, but this does not reduce the value of the method. Additional research is required to improve the quality of the data obtained.
Combustion modeling for non-premixed twin jet flow propane and methanol
Authors: Yaseen Mohamed M. S. , Attia Ahmed A. , El-Dosouky M. W. , Elsemary Ismail M. M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the present study, ANSYS Fluent Computational Fluid Dynamics is utilized to analyses the non-premixed twin jet flow for propane and methanol gas mixture in a combustion chamber the process takes place in species transport and finite rate/eddy dissipation is used, and the flow assumed to turbulent and k-Ɛ realizable is occupied. The effect of changed velocities in the inlet of pipe air and jet fuel and changes of shapes of jets like circular, rectangle, triangle, star, and square on the combustion process is enhanced. the temperature and species mass fraction as well as their contours are presented. Also, the heat release rate and combustion efficiency, and equivalent ratios.
Simultaneous genome-wide haplotyping and copy number detection enables universal equine preimplantation genetic testing
Authors: De Coster Tine , Zhao Yan , Tsuiko Olga , Demyda-Peyràs Sebastián , Soom Ann Van , Vermeesch Joris , Smits Katrien 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In different species, embryonic chromosomal aneuploidies are a major cause of developmental failure. The increasing number of equine embryos being produced worldwide provides the opportunity to characterize and rank or select embryos based on their genetic profile prior to transfer. Here, we explore the possibility of generic, genome-wide preimplantation genetic testing concurrently for aneuploidies (PGT-A), monogenic (PGT-M) and polygenic (PGT-P) traits and diseases in the horse. To this end, over 70,000 single nucleotide polymorphism positions were genotyped in 14 trophectoderm biopsies and corresponding biopsied blastocysts, and in 26 individual cells from six arrested embryos. Subsequently, concurrent genome-wide copy number detection and haplotyping by haplarithmisis was performed and the inherited parental haplotypes for four common disease-associated genes with high carrier frequency in different horse breeds (GBE1, PLOD1, B3GALNT2, MUTYH), and for one color coat-associated gene (STX17) were determined and compared in biopsy-blastocyst combinations. The inherited parental haplotypes for loci of interest and the euploid (n = 12) or aneuploid (n = 2) state of the biopsied whole embryos were predicted by the biopsy samples in all successfully analyzed embryos. Two biopsies showed a loss of maternal chromosome 28 and 31, respectively, which were confirmed in the corresponding blastocysts. In one of those biopsies, additional complex aneuploidies not present in the blastocyst were found. Five out of six arrested embryos contained chromosomal and/or genome-wide errors in most of their cells, demonstrating the contribution of aneuploidy to equine embryonic arrest in vitro. The application of universal PGT would allow to select equine embryos devoid of genetic errors and pathogenetic variants, and with the variants of interest, which will improve foaling rate and horse quality. We believe this approach will be a gamechanger in horse breeding.
Built environments to support rehabilitation for people with stroke from the hospital to the home (B-Sure): Protocol for a mixed-method participatory co- design study
Authors: Kylén Maya , Lipson-Smith Ruby , Vries Laila , Sturge Jodi , Pessah-Rasmussen Helene , Schmidt Steven M. , Svensson Tony , Bernhardt Julie , Elf Marie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
While the global trend is to shift rehabilitation closer to people's homes, the role of the non-hospital environment in stroke recovery has been understudied. This unique project aims to address this gap, understanding its crucial to successfully transition health services to local settings. We intend to develop models of built environments that enhance stroke rehabilitation and everyday activities, encouraging a 'taking charge' approach for persons with stroke.
Methods and analysis
This mixed-method project proceeds in three phases. Phase one identifies rehabilitation-supportive environmental factors. Phase two co-designs prototypes based on these findings, with the third phase evaluating the prototypes. Research methods include literature review, concept mapping, stakeholder interviews, prototype development, and testing. Quantitative data will be processed using multidimensional scaling, hierarchical cluster analysis, and descriptive statistics, while qualitative data will be subjected to content analysis. Location analyses will incorporate qualitative GIS data models.
Discussion
We seek to determine how supportive environments can facilitate patients' control over their rehabilitation process, daily activities, and recovery goals. This 'taking charge' approach is key to bringing care closer to home. By co-designing with multiple stakeholders, we aim for rapid solution implementation. The project's outcomes may extend to other frail or older individuals post-hospital stay in Sweden and elsewhere.
Impact
This groundbreaking project encourages key stakeholder collaboration to explore how new environments can expedite the transition to local healthcare. It also entails co-designing and testing new conceptual models of environments to promote health and well-being in post-stroke individuals.
Observation of transition from superfluorescence to polariton condensation in CsPbBr3 quantum dots film
Authors: Sun Zheng , Mao Danqun , Chen Linqi , Zhang Min , Shi Zhe-Yu , Hu Yongsheng , Zhang Long , Wu Jian , Dong Hongxing , Xie Wei , Xu Hongxing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The superfluorescence effect has received extensive attention due to the many-body physics of quantum correlation in dipole gas and the optical applications of ultrafast bright radiation field based on the cooperative quantum state. Here, we demonstrate not only to observe the superfluorescence effect but also to control the cooperative state of the excitons ensemble by externally applying a regulatory dimension of coupling light fields. A new quasi-particle called cooperative exciton-polariton is revealed in a light-matter hybrid structure of a perovskite quantum dot thin film spin-coated on a Distributed Bragg Reflector. Above the nonlinear threshold, polaritonic condensation occurs at a nonzero momentum state on the lower polariton branch owning to the vital role of the synchronized excitons. The phase transition from superfluorescence to polariton condensation exhibits typical signatures of a decrease of the linewidth, an increase of the macroscopic coherence as well as an accelerated radiation decay rate. These findings are promising for opening new potential applications for super-brightness and unconventional coherent light sources and could enable the exploitation of cooperative effects for quantum optics.