bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and the first occurrence of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Su Ning , Zheng Yijia , Zhang Xing , Tang Xingming , Tang Li-wen , Wang Qinqin , Chen Xingyu , Wang Xiaoyang , Wen Yueqiang , Feng Xiaoran , Zhou Qian , Zhou Jiafan , Li Yafang , Shang Sijia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been used as a potential biomarker of inflammation-related diseases, but its role in the peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis (PDRP) is still uncertain. This study was aimed to investigate the association between PLR and the new-onset PDRP in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.MethodsIn this multicenter retrospective study, 1378 PD Chinese PD patients were recruited from four centers, who were divided into the high PLR group (HPG) and the low PLR group (LPG) according to the cutoff value of PLR. The correlation between PLR and the new-onset PDRP was assessed using the Cox regression model analysis.ResultsDuring follow-up, 121 new-onset PDRP events were recorded. Kaplan–Meier survival curve showed a higher risk of new-onset PDRP in the HPG (log-rank test,P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, the Cox regression model showed the risk of new-onset PDRP was higher in the HPG than that in the LPG (HR 1.689, 95%CI 1.096–2.602,P = 0.017). Competitive risk model analysis showed that significant differences still existed between the two PLR groups in the presence of other competitive events (P < 0.001).ConclusionPLR is independently associated with the new-onset PDRP in PD patients.
Mainstream germline genetic testing in men with metastatic prostate cancer: design and protocol for a multicenter observational study
Authors: Vlaming Michiel , Bleiker Eveline M. A. , van Oort Inge M. , Kiemeney Lambertus A. L. M. , Ausems Margreet G. E. M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In international guidelines, germline genetic testing is recommended for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Before undergoing germline genetic testing, these patients should receive pre-test counseling. In the standard genetic care pathway, pre-test counseling is provided by a healthcare professional of a genetics department. Because the number of patients with metastatic prostate cancer is large, the capacity in the genetics departments might be insufficient. Therefore, we aim to implement so-called mainstream genetic testing in the Netherlands for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. In a mainstream genetic testing pathway, non-genetic healthcare professionals discuss and order germline genetic testing. In our DISCOVER study, we will assess the experiences among patients and non-genetic healthcare professionals with this new pathway.

Methods
A multicenter prospective observational cohort study will be conducted in 15 hospitals, in different regions of the Netherlands. We developed an online training module on genetics in prostate cancer and the counseling of patients. After completion of this module, non-genetic healthcare professionals will provide pre-test counseling and order germline genetic testing in metastatic prostate cancer patients. Both non-genetic healthcare professionals and patients receive three questionnaires. We will determine the experience with mainstream genetic testing, based on satisfaction and acceptability. Patients with a pathogenic germline variant will also be interviewed. We will determine the efficacy of the mainstreaming pathway, based on time investment for non-genetic healthcare professionals and the prevalence of pathogenic germline variants.

Discussion
This study is intended to be one of the largest studies on mainstream genetic testing in prostate cancer. The results of this study can improve the mainstream genetic testing pathway in patients with prostate cancer.

Trial registration
The study is registered in the WHO’s International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) under number NL9617.
A phase III, multicenter, randomized controlled trial of preoperative versus postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with surgically resectable brain metastases
Authors: Das Subhadip , Faruqi Salman , Nordal Robert , Starreveld Yves , Kelly John , Bowden Gregory , Amanie John , Fairchild Alysa , Lim Gerald , Loewen Shaun , Rowe Lindsay , Wallace Carla , Ghosh Sunita , Patel Samir 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a standard management option for patients with resected brain metastases. Preoperative SRS may have certain advantages compared to postoperative SRS, including less uncertainty in delineation of the intact tumor compared to the postoperative resection cavity, reduced rate of leptomeningeal dissemination postoperatively, and a lower risk of radiation necrosis. The recently published ASCO-SNO-ASTRO consensus statement provides no recommendation for the preferred sequencing of radiotherapy and surgery for patients receiving both treatments for their brain metastases.

Methods
This multicenter, randomized controlled trial aims to recruit 88 patients with resectable brain metastases over an estimated three-year period. Patients with ten or fewer brain metastases with at least one resectable, fulfilling inclusion criteria will be randomized to postoperative SRS (standard arm) or preoperative SRS (investigational arm) in a 1:1 ratio. Randomization will be stratified by age (< 60 versus ≥60 years), histology (melanoma/renal cell carcinoma/sarcoma versus other), and number of metastases (one versus 2–10). In the standard arm, postoperative SRS will be delivered within 3 weeks of surgery, and all unresected metastases will receive primary SRS. In the investigational arm, enrolled patients will receive SRS of all brain metastases followed by surgery of resectable metastases within one week of SRS. In either arm, single fraction or hypofractionated SRS in three or five fractions is permitted. The primary endpoint is to assess local control at 12 months in both arms. Secondary endpoints include local control at other time points, regional/distant brain recurrence rates, leptomeningeal recurrence rates, overall survival, neurocognitive outcomes, and adverse radiation events including radiation necrosis rates in both arms.

Discussion
This trial addresses the unanswered question of the optimal sequencing of surgery and SRS in the management of patients with resectable brain metastases. No randomized data comparing preoperative and postoperative SRS for patients with brain metastases has been published to date.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04474925; registered on July 17, 2020. Protocol version 1.0 (January 31, 2020). Sponsor: Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada (Samir Patel, MD).
Prevalence of myopia and associated risk factors among key schools in Xi’an, China
Authors: Zhao Xingxing , Lu Xin , Yu Lu , Zhang Yiping , Li Jian , Liu Yingyao , Yang Geqiang , Wang Yuan , Zhang Wen , Du Zhaojiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of myopia and high myopia and the associated risk factors in key schools in Xi'an, China.

Methods
This cross-sectional study started in September 2021 and was conducted for one month. A total of 11,011 students from 10 key primary schools, five key junior high schools and five key high schools in Xi'an were randomly selected to undergo visual acuity measurement and non-cycloplegic autorefraction. The questionnaire was completed by the students and their parents together.

Results
The prevalence of myopia and high myopia in key schools were 75.7% and 9.7%, respectively. The prevalence of myopia and high myopia rose significantly as grade or age increased (all P < 0.001), and the prevalence of myopia and high myopia in females was higher than that in males (P < 0.001, P < 0.5). According to the multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age (OR=1.42), female compared with male (OR=1.43), having one myopic parent (OR=1.64), having two myopic parent (OR=2.30) and often taking extracurricular tuition (OR=1.35) were more likely to be associated with develop myopia (P < 0.001). Older age (OR=1.39), having one myopic parent (OR=2.29), having two myopic parent (OR= 3.69), and often taking extracurricular tuition (OR=1.48) were more likely to be associated with high myopia (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
The overall rate of myopia and high myopia in key schools in Xi'an, China, is extremely high. Myopia and high myopia are associated with increasing age, parents’ myopia, few outdoor exercises, and extracurricular tuition. Myopia is also associated with female and not having the habit of "one punch, one foot, one inch (when reading and writing, 10 cm from the chest to the table, 33 cm from the eye to the book and 3.3 cm from the tip of the pen to the finger)".
Poland-Möbius syndrome: a case report implicating a novel mutation of the PLXND1 gene and literature review
Authors: Glass Graeme E. , Mohammedali Shiyas , Sivakumar Bran , Stotland Mitchell A. , Abdulkader Faisal , Prosser Debra O. , Love Donald R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Möbius (Moebius) and Poland’s syndromes are two rare congenital syndromes characterized by non-progressive bilateral (and often asymmetric) dysfunction of the 6th and 7th cranial nerves and hypoplasia of the pectoral muscles associated with chest wall and upper limb anomalies respectively. Manifest simultaneously as Poland-Möbius (Poland-Moebius) syndrome, debate continues as to whether this is a distinct nosological entity or represents phenotypic variation as part of a spectrum of disorders of rhomboencephalic development. Etiological hypotheses implicate both genetic and environmental factors. The PLXND1 gene codes for a protein expressed in the fetal central nervous system and vascular endothelium and is thus involved in embryonic neurogenesis and vasculogenesis. It is located at chromosome region 3q21-q22, a locus of interest for Möbius syndrome.

Case presentation
We present the first report of a patient with Poland-Möbius syndrome and a mutation in the PLXND1 gene. A child with Poland-Möbius syndrome and a maternally inherited missense variant (NM_015103.2:ex14:c.2890G > Ap.V964M) in the PLXND1 gene is described. In order to contextualize these findings, the literature was examined to identify other confirmed cases of Poland-Möbius syndrome for which genetic data were available. Fourteen additional cases of Poland-Möbius syndrome with genetic studies are described in the literature. None implicated the PLXND1 gene which has previously been implicated in isolated Möbius syndrome.

Conclusions
This report provides further evidence in support of a role for PLXND1 mutations in Möbius syndrome and reasserts the nosological link between Möbius and Poland’s syndromes.

Level of evidence
Level V, Descriptive Study.
Naming ability assessment in neurocognitive disorders: a clinician’s perspective
Authors: Georgiou Eliza , Prapiadou Savvina , Thomopoulos Vasileios , Skondra Maria , Charalampopoulou Marina , Pachi Asimina , Anagnostopoulou Αlexandra , Vorvolakos Theofanis , Perneczky Robert , Politis Antonios , Alexopoulos Panagiotis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Detecting impaired naming capacity is valuable in diagnosing neurocognitive disorders (ND). A.
clinical practice- oriented overview of naming tests validated in ND is not available yet. Here, features of naming tests with validated utility in ND which are open access or available for purchase are succinctly presented and compared.

Methods
Searches were carried out across Pubmed, Medline and Google Scholar. Additional studies were identified by searching reference lists. Only peer-reviewed journal articles were eligible. A narrative- and tabullar synthesis was used to summarize different aspects of the naming assessment instruments used in patients with ND such as stimuli type, administration time,
assessment parameters and accessibility. Based on computational word frequency calculations, the tests were compared in terms of the average frequency of their linguistic content.

Results
Twelve naming tests, relying either on visual or auditory stimuli have been validated in ND. Their content and administration time vary between three and 60 items and one and 20 minutes, respectively. The average frequency of the words of each considered test was two or lower, pointing to low frequency of most items. In all but one test, scoring systems are exclusively based on correctly named items. Seven instruments are open access and four are available in more than one language.

Conclusions
Gaining insights into naming tests’ characteristics may catalyze the wide incorporation of those with short administration time but high diagnostic accuracy into the diagnostic workup of ND at primary healthcare and of extensive, visual or auditory ones into the diagnostic endeavors of memory clinics, as well as of secondary and tertiary brain healthcare settings.
Perioperative pectoral nerve block type II and postoperative recurrence in breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yu Lili , Cui Xiuling , Song Panpan , Li Chunlei , Zhao Haochen , Chang Yulin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
A new technique for analgesia called pectoral nerve block is widely used in surgeries of breast cancer. Pectoral nerve block type II (Pecs II) block has less influence on immunity when compared with general anesthesia method. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate whether Pecs II block has influence on the recurrence of breast cancer after surgical operation.

Methods
526 breast cancer patients were recruited in this research and randomized into general anesthesia group and general anesthesia with Pecs II block group. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated for the two groups.

Results
Based on the statistical data, only the consumption of remifentanil was dramatically reduced by the performance of Pecs II block when compared with general anesthesia method. The performance of Pecs II block had no significant influence on OS, RFS, and DRFS of breast cancer patients after surgery. ASA physical status III, TNM stage 2 + 3, and mastectomy were proved to have association with lower recurrence-free survival.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the performance of Pecs II block declined the remifentanil consumption during surgery of breast cancer. Meanwhile, the performance of Pecs II block had no significant influence on the OS, RFS, and DRFS of breast cancer patients after surgical resection.
Association analysis of LHCGR variants and polycystic ovary syndrome in Punjab: a case–control approach
Authors: Singh Sukhjashanpreet , Kaur Mandeep , Kaur Ratneev , Beri Archana , Kaur Anupam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder that affects women at their child bearing age. The exact etiology is uncertain, however the involvement of multiple genes and environmental interactions has been proposed for the advancement of PCOS. The aim of present study was to evaluate the association of LHCGR variants (rs2293275 and rs12470652) with PCOS in Punjab.

Methods
The present case–control study comprised a total of 743 women (421 PCOS cases and 322 healthy controls). Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (PCR–RFLP). Biochemical analysis was carried out to measure the levels of cholesterol, High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglycerides, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). All the statistical analysis was done using SPSS (version21, IBM SPSS, NY, USA).

Results
The mutant genotype (AA) and mutant allele (A) of rs2293275 conferred 1.7 and 1.3 fold risk, respectively and mutant allele (C) of rs12470652 conferred 2.3 fold risks towards PCOS progression. Levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were elevated and HDL levels were lower in PCOS cases as compared to controls. Total testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels were also found to be higher in PCOS cases.

Conclusion
Our study postulated that LHCGR variants are playing a cardinal role in the progression of PCOS and can be used to assess the risk of PCOS in women of reproductive age.
Antibacterial effect and impact on caries activity of nanosilver fluoride and silver diamine fluoride in dentin caries of primary teeth: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ammar Nour , El-Tekeya Magda M. , Essa Sara , Essawy Marwa M. , Talaat Dalia M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in caries treatment in children has increased despite the disadvantage of causing tooth discoloration. Nanosilver fluoride (NSF) is a possible alternative. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of NSF and SDF and their impact on the activity of dentin caries in primary teeth.

Methods
Synthesis and characterization of the physical and biological properties of NSF were conducted. Fifty children aged 4–6 years with dentin caries (active caries corresponding to ICDAS code 5) in deciduous teeth were randomly assigned to treatment by NSF or SDF. Baseline assessment of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and lactobacilli counts as CFU/mL in caries lesions was done, followed by the application of the agents. After one month, microbiological samples were recollected, and lesion activity was reassessed. Groups were compared using Mann–Whitney and Chi-Square tests, while intragroup comparisons were done using Wilcoxon and McNemar tests. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to assess the effect of different variables on the outcomes.

Results
There were 130 teeth in 50 children; mean ± SD age = 4.75 ± 0.76 years, 63% were posterior teeth. At the one-month follow-up appointment, both groups showed a significant decrease from baseline bacterial counts. There was a significant difference in the reduction of S. mutans between NSF and SDF (21.3% and 10.5%, respectively, p = 0.002), while not in lactobacilli (13.9% and 6.0%, respectively, p = 0.094). In both groups, there was a significant reduction in the number of active caries from baseline (p < 0.0001) with no significant difference between groups (percentage inactive = 64.4% and 63.4%, p = 0.903). Multilevel regression revealed non-significant differences in S. mutans and lactobacilli counts (AOR 1.281, p = 0.737 and 1.888, p = 0.341, respectively), and in the number of inactive lesions (AOR 1.355, p = 0.731) between groups.

Conclusion
The short-term antibacterial efficacy of NSF was similar to that of SDF. In both groups there was a significant reduction of S. mutans and lactobacilli counts in active dentin caries, and two-thirds of the lesions became inactive with no differences between the two interventions. Further research is needed to investigate the long-term efficacy of NSF and its suitability for clinical use in caries management.
Trial registration: This trial was prospectively registered on the clinicaltrials.gov registry with ID: NCT05221749 on 03/02/2022.
Development and psychometric properties of Female Infertility Stigma Instrument (ISI-F): A sequential mixed method study
Authors: Taebi Mahboube , Kariman Nourossadat , Montazeri Ali , Alavi Majd Hamid , jahangirifar Maryam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Infertility stigma is a hidden burden that overshadows the dimensions of reproductive and sexual health in infertile women. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Female Infertility Stigma Instrument (ISI-F).

Methods
This mixed method study with sequential exploratory design was conducted in qualitative and quantitative phases. In the first phase, the initial item pool of the Female Infertility Stigma Instrument (ISI-F) was generated using in-depth interviews. In the quantitative phase, psychometric properties of the ISI-f including content, face and construct validity, as well as reliability (internal consistency and stability) were assessed. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on the collected data from 300 infertile women for evaluation of construct validity. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. This study has followed the Mixed Methods Article Reporting Standards checklist.

Results
The final version of ISI-F had 20 items. Total CVI and CVR were 0.94 and 0.87, respectively. Explanatory factor analysis identified 3 main factors that explained 54.013% of the variance. These factors consisted of stigma profile (7 items), self-stigma (6 items) and escaping from stigma (7 items). Internal consistency and stability of the ISI-F has been approved by Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald's Omega (0.909, 0.916) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC = 0.878).

Conclusion
The Female Infertility Stigma Instrument (ISI-F) is a valid and reliable tool for evaluation of the perceived female infertility stigma, that was developed in this study.
A study on the accuracy of a new fluorescent detection method for vaginal fungi
Authors: Chen Yuexia , Qu Wei , Tu Jianhong , Kong Fenfen , Jiang Qinwen , Wang Zhenghao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the positive rate and clinical applicability of liquid—based fungal method for detecting of vaginal fungi. We collect the secretions from the posterior vaginal fornix and the vaginal wall of 198 patients with clinically suspected fungi vaginitis patients for study.MethodsThe vaginal fungi of vaginal discharge were detected by fluorescence method, i.e., by liquid—based thin-layer fungi fluorescence morphology staining detection kit (liquid—based fungal method), saline smear method and fungal culture method.ResultsThe positive rate of liquid-based fungal method, saline smear method was 50%, 25.75% respectively. The positive rate of liquid-based fungal method were 50%. The true positive rate of liquid-based fungal method (87.85%) was higher than that of saline smear method (45.79%,P < 0.001), which was easy to miss diagnosis. Moreover, the Kappa (K) of liquid-based fungal method was 0.81, andP < 0.01, which was statistically significant, indicating that the consistency of the two detection methods is good. Of the eight common symptoms of fungal vaginitis, the positive symptom coincidence rate of liquid-based fungal method was consistent with that of fungal culture method. It was also easier to see fungi under a microscope than with saline smear method.ConclusionThe liquid-based fungal method has a high positive coincidence rate and accuracy in the detection of vaginal fungi, and it is convenient to operate and implement steps. Therefore, it may be applied in clinical practice. Or a combination of several detection methods can be used.