bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Future socioeconomic development along the West African coast forms a larger hazard than sea level rise
Authors: Dada Olusegun A. , Almar Rafael , Morand Pierre , Bergsma Erwin W. J. , Angnuureng Donatus B. , Minderhoud Philip S. J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSea level rise will exacerbate the vulnerability of low-lying coastal regions around the world in the coming decades, posing a severe threat to coastal populations. Here, we assess the future population and asset exposure of West Africa (WA) to normal and extreme coastal flooding based on the projected sea level rise scenarios reported in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report using a bathtub modeling approach, MERIT DEM and gridded population gross domestic product datasets that are consistent with the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. We find that socioeconomic development will be responsible for the maximum increase in future coastal flooding along the WA coast towards the end of the century. While contributions from climate-induced sea level rise will dominate and be responsible for changes in coastal flooding events in some countries, exposure to these events is likely to dominate in many countries if the ongoing horizontal infrastructural development and economic-oriented transformation continue. These results have important implications for both sustainable coastal planning and flooding risk mitigation for WA’s coastal areas and should be considered as a cautionary tale for managing increasing socioeconomic development and coastward migration at the expense of the region’s coastal ecosystems.
Decoding reward–curiosity conflict in decision-making from irrational behaviors
Authors: Konaka Yuki , Naoki Honda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHumans and animals are not always rational. They not only rationally exploit rewards but also explore an environment owing to their curiosity. However, the mechanism of such curiosity-driven irrational behavior is largely unknown. Here, we developed a decision-making model for a two-choice task based on the free energy principle, which is a theory integrating recognition and action selection. The model describes irrational behaviors depending on the curiosity level. We also proposed a machine learning method to decode temporal curiosity from behavioral data. By applying it to rat behavioral data, we found that the rat had negative curiosity, reflecting conservative selection sticking to more certain options and that the level of curiosity was upregulated by the expected future information obtained from an uncertain environment. Our decoding approach can be a fundamental tool for identifying the neural basis for reward–curiosity conflicts. Furthermore, it could be effective in diagnosing mental disorders.
Energy efficient IPC based dual compression for endurance enhancement of NVRAM as main memory in embedded devices
Authors: Palanivelu Shritharanyaa Jothimani , Radhakrishnan Saravana Kumar , Chandrasekaran Kumar , Barua Sourav , Fayek Hady H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Non‐Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) is recently identified as the most upcoming main memory technology in Embedded and Internet of Things (IoT) systems due to its appealing qualities like zero static power consumption and great memory cell density. On the other hand, most NVRAMs have low write endurance due to workload‐induced write variance, leading to more write activity at a few blocks of memory than the other blocks. Improving the endurance of NVRAM on embedded architectures is very critical due to the limited constraints of Embedded architectures. The main goal of this paper is to address the complexity of NVRAM designs, with a focus on embedded boards, and to create a prototype that enhances NVRAM endurance using a compression technique. Furthermore, this framework is not particular to a single NVRAM device. An Instruction Per Cycle based Dynamic Pattern Compression (IPC_DPC) model is developed to address NVRAM's high write latency and low endurance. The primary goal of the proposed IPC_DPC model is to minimize the energy utilization and latency of heavy workloads during the execution by pre‐determining the workload's instruction cycles. The IPC_DPC model initially divides the Low IPC and High IPC workloads and then compresses the workloads dynamically based on their IPC values compared to the threshold factor. As a result, IPC_DPC improves the compression ratio and reduces the write latencies associated with traditional compressors, significantly reducing the write activity and improving the lifetime of NVRAM. We implemented the proposed IPC_DPC model using GEM5 with a Raspberry Pi board and took IoMT, MiBench, and EEMBC benchmarks for evaluation. Compared to FPC, BDI, FNW, and DFPC models, the proposed IPC_DPC model is shown to be more efficient in terms of compression ratio (56.05%) and energy reduction (17%).
A low‐complexity transmit combining method for downlink of massive multiuser multiple input multiple output systems
Authors: Dabetic Rade P. , Markovic Goran B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMultiuser multiple input multiple output (MU‐MIMO) systems can provide high spectral efficiency (SE) that is achieved with transmit/receive combining schemes at the base station (BS) for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL). So far, various combining schemes for DL were proposed, with the regularized zero forcing (RZF) and Tomlinson–Harashima precoding (THP) being usually considered. In a case of massive MU‐MIMO systems, with a large number of antennas, the matrix inversion operation used in the RZF and THP schemes causes high computational complexity that significantly aggravates implementation and raises its costs. The authors propose a low‐complexity transmit combining scheme for the massive MU‐MIMO systems with time division duplex (TDD), devised in a similar manner as the THP scheme, based on the gram‐Schmidt orthogonalization, and show that it achieves slightly better SE than the THP scheme for the estimated channel state information (CSI), but with a much lower complexity than the THP and RZF schemes.
Degree of polymerisation estimation for insulation paper immersed in silicone oil using frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Zhou Lijun , Zhang Jun , Li Zhixin , Wen Rongting , Wang Dongyang , Wu Jiekang , Tang Huiling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFrequency domain dielectric spectroscopy (FDS) is an effective method reflecting the changes of ageing status of silicone oil‐immersed insulation paper. For better evaluating the ageing status of silicone oil‐immersed insulation paper, an evaluation method was studied by analysing the ageing kinetic model and results of FDS. First, the method to separate the different polarization losses and conductivity loss from the results of FDS was studied. Then, based on the idea of ageing correction translation coefficient and time‐varying pre exponential factor, the zero order ageing dynamic model was modified, which combines the ageing kinetic model with the results of FDS. Finally, the evaluation method for the degree of polymerisation (DP) of silicone oil‐immersed paper was proposed, and experiments were conducted to obtain the parameters in the modified model and then to verify the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can be used to evaluate the DP effectively.
The Role of Mood Stabilizers in Children and Adolescents with
Anorexia Nervosa: A 1-year Follow-Up, Propensity Score-Matched
Study
Authors: Pruccoli Jacopo , Parmeggiani Antonia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The existing literature on the use of mood stabilizers (MS) in
children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) is limited, for the most
part, to small case studies.
Methods This was an observational, naturalistic, propensity score-matched
study. Subjects treated and not-treated with MS were compared by being matched
via propensity score on age, sex, concurrent atypical antipsychotics, and
concurrent antidepressants. General and AN-specific psychopathology was assessed
with Symptom Check List-90-R, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Eating Disorders
Inventory-3, and Body Uneasiness Test-A. Potential differences in
admission-discharge modifications (body mass index (BMI), psychopathology) among
the two groups were assessed. Finally, re-hospitalizations after 1-year
follow-up were assessed with Kaplan-Meier analyses.
ResultsThe study enrolled 234 hospitalized patients
(15.9+/−3.3 years; 26, 11.1% receiving MS).
After propensity-score matching, 26 MS patients matched with 26 MS-not-treated
subjects were included. MS were used for a mean of 126.1
(+/−87.3) days, and two cases of side effects were
documented (alopecia and somnolence with valproate). No significant difference
between MS-treated and not-treated patients emerged concerning
admission-discharge improvements in BMI and AN-specific or general
psychopathology. The cumulative survival from re-hospitalization at 12 months
was 64,4% (95%-CI, 31.3–97.5) for MS and 58.7%
(95%-CI, 22.2–95.2) for MS-not-treated subjects. No significant
difference in survival rate emerged (hazard ratio, 0.04; Log-rank test:
p=0.846).
Conclusions This propensity score-matched study expands on the scant
existing evidence of the use and side effects of MS in children and adolescents
with AN. These results should be assessed in wider longitudinal samples.
Working from anywhere: yin–yang cognition paradoxes of knowledge sharing and hiding for developing careers in China
Authors: Chin Tachia , Shi Yi , Del Giudice Manlio , Meng Jianwei , Xing Zeyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDigital technology coupled with the quarantines caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has made working from anywhere (WFA)—a modern form of remote working—a widespread phenomenon. Given that WFA brings new career challenges to and engenders paradoxes of knowledge exchange among employees, this research aims to examine how the interactions of remote work time (RWT), knowledge sharing (KS), and knowledge hiding (KH) affect career development (CD) from a culturally grounded paradoxical framing of yin–yang harmonizing. The data were collected from Chinese manufacturing employees, and a moderated hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the hypotheses. The results show an inverted U-shaped relationship between RWT and CD. The interaction of KS and KH is significantly related to CD, and the inverted U-shaped RWT–CD relationship is moderated by the interaction term, in which RWT exerts the most substantial positive impact on CD when KS is high and KH is low. This study offers valuable implications for coping with perplexing employment relationships and increasing career challenges in volatile work environments. The primary originality is to adopt a novel cognitive frame of yin–yang harmonizing to examine the nonlinear effect of remote working and the symbiotic impact of KS and KH on CD, which not only enriches the understanding of flexible work arrangements in the digital economy but also provides novel insights into the interconnectedness of KS and KH and their interacting effects on HRM-related outcomes.
Optical gain calculation and structure optimization of type-II GaAsSb/InAs/InGaAs quantum well heterostructures
Authors: Zhou Xin-Zhuo , Du Chao-Chao , Bi Gang 
Published: May 2023

This paper reports an optimization scheme of type-II GaAsSb/InAs/InGaAs quantum wells using the six bands k · p method. By calculating the optical gain, the optimal structures of the quantum wells are obtained. We observed that without an electric field, the thickness values of symmetrical quantum wells designed by the AdaGrad algorithm are 2.97, 2.81, and 6.21 nm, respectively, and the gain intensity is 6489 cm−1 that is about 1600 cm−1 higher than the original empirical design scheme. The thickness of asymmetric quantum wells designed by the Adam algorithm is 5.56, 2.72, 1.88, 3.16, and 2.46 nm under the external electric field of 75 kV/cm, respectively, and the gain intensity is 5729 cm−1 that is about 2300 cm−1 higher than the original empirical design scheme. The optimized scheme effectively suppresses the gain attenuation caused by the electric field and is helpful to improve the performance of interband cascade lasers.
Biosynthesis, characterization, and determination of trace hydrogen peroxide of Organo-Cr(III) nanoparticles by Lysinibacillus sp. 4H
Authors: Yang Yichen , Yang Yi , Jiang Guangyang , Yang Li , Chen Jia , Xu Zhe , Zheng Bijun , Tian Yongqiang 
Published: May 2023

The mechanism of microbial reduction of Cr(VI) has been widely reported; however, only a few studies have focused on Cr(VI) reduction products. In this study, a green synthetic pathway for the biosynthesis of Organo-Cr(III) nanoparticles using Lysinibacillus sp. 4H was investigated, and some properties of these nanoparticles were characterized, based on analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, among other techniques. The analyses revealed that the reduction product induced by Lysinibacillus sp. 4H may be amorphous Organo-Cr(III) nanoparticles with an irregular spherical structure (20–90 nm). Thermal characterization of the nanoparticles showed that they maintain a high residual mass (50.45%) at 700 °C, indicating high stability. In addition, the nanoparticles were capable of detecting trace amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), owing to their redox properties, such that the corresponding H2O2 concentrations could be accurately determined in a range of concentrations. This study provided novel insights and strategies regarding the use of nanoparticles to detect trace hydrogen peroxide concentrations in multiple fields.
Reverse triage in COVID surge planning: a case study of an allied health supported clinical care pathway in an acute hospital setting
Authors: Withiel Toni Dianne , Blance-Palmer Rachel , Plant Cassandra , Juj Genevieve , McConnell Carly Louise , Rixon Melissa Kate , Putland Mark , Walsham Nicola , Klaic Marlena 
Published: May 2023

Objective This case study describes the development and outcomes of a new integrated and multidisciplinary care pathway. Spearheaded by allied health, the ‘COVID community navigator team’, applied established principles of reverse triage to create additional surge capacity. Methods A retrospective cohort study examined workflow patterns using electronic medical records of patients who received navigator input at the Royal Melbourne Hospital between 20 September 2021 and 20 December 2021. Results There were 437 eligible patient encounters identified. On average patients stayed 4.15 h in the emergency departments (ED) (s.d. = 4.31) and 9.5 h (s.d. = 10.9) in the short stay unit. Most patients were discharged into a ‘low risk pathway’ with community general practitioner follow up. Of discharged patients, only 38 re-presented to the ED with symptoms related to their initial COVID-19 diagnosis (34.9% of total re-admissions). Of these re-admissions, more than half did not require admission to a ward. Conclusion The findings presented here provide support for the clinical utility of a multidisciplinary reverse triage approach in surge planning for anticipated presentation peaks.
Acclimation of replacement gilts to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: a case study of fogging with an aerosol inoculum
Authors: Nagae Ricardo Y. , Barcellos David D. E. S. N. , Ulguim Rafael R. , Michaelsen Taís R. , Zuffo João P. , Goslar Mariana S. , Michelleto Giovani R. , Wolf Jonatas , Bortolozzo Fernando P. , Takeuti Karine L. 
Published: May 2023

Context Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes enzootic pneumonia, predisposing pigs to infections with other respiratory pathogens. The main control measure is to reduce piglet exposure at lactation, which can be achieved by gilts’ acclimation prior to their entrance to the farms. One of the acclimation strategies is aerosol exposure with a positive inoculum by using a fogger. However, studies on its efficacy in gilts and their litters are lacking in the literature. Aim The aim of this case study was to assess the efficacy fogging with a positive inoculum of M. hyopneumoniae to expose negative gilts in an acclimation program. Moreover, the infection dynamics of M. hyopneumoniae were assessed in their piglets from lactation to slaughter. Methods The trial was performed in two phases. In Phase 1, a total of 34 and 107 gilts was selected from Farms A and B respectively, and then exposed to the inoculum through a fogger. In Phase 2, a subsample of 74 gilts from Farm B was followed to their first farrowing and 263 piglets born to those gilts were sampled from 15 to 170 days of age, and at slaughter, lung lesions were evaluated. Key results In Phase 1, the prevalence of positive gilts at 28 days post-exposure (dpe) was 100% and 98.1% in Farms A and B respectively. In Phase 2, 10.8% of gilts remained positive at 180 dpe and 0.8% of piglets were positive at 15 days of age (day) and 28.1% at 60 days, suggesting a possible vertical transmission. Conclusion The use of fogging with a lung homogenate positive for M. hyopneumoniae successfully acclimated negative gilts. However, it did not avoid the presence of positive gilts at farrowing and the detection of the bacterium in their progeny by polymerase chain reaction. Implications The exposure of gilts to M. hyopneumoniae at 150 days of age was successfully achieved by fogging. However, consideration should be given to exposing replacement gilts of a younger age in order to reduce the odds of detecting positive gilts at first farrowing.
Primary measurement standards for trace moisture in multiple gases: extension of gas species to He and O2
Authors: Amano Minami , Abe Hisashi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The National Metrology Institute of Japan developed a multi-gas trace-moisture generator which was designed for generating trace water vapor (trace moisture) in multiple gases. Using this system, we previously developed primary measurement standards for trace moisture in N2 (10 nmol mol−1–5 μmol mol−1) and Ar (10 nmol mol−1–1 μmol mol−1). In this study, we have extended the target gas species; trace-moisture standards in He and O2 in the rage of 10 nmol mol−1 − 1 μmol mol−1 were developed. The relative expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the trace-moisture standard in He was 0.74 %–5.7 %, and that in O2 was 0.78 %–8.9 %. In addition, we have improved stability of the flow rate of the diluent gas by controlling the temperature around the flow measurement/control systems and re-evaluated the uncertainty of the trace-moisture standards in N2 and Ar. The updated relative expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the trace-moisture standard in N2 and Ar is 0.41 %–2.6 % and 0.73 %–2.6 %, respectively. The uncertainty budgets of the standards in these four gases are presented. The trace-moisture standard in N2 developed using the multi-gas trace-moisture generator was confirmed to be consistent with the standards realized by other generators, whose international comparability were already ensured. A commercial moisture analyzer (MA) based on the cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) was connected to the multi-gas trace-moisture generator as a device under test, and its performance was evaluated by comparing the readings with the standard values. The MA showed lower accuracy and stability in the measurement of moisture in He when it was used in the default setting, whereas it performed well in N2. This performance difference is related to the pressure-broadening coefficient of water, which depends on the gas species. We estimated the pressure-broadening coefficients of water by N2, Ar, He and O2 and discuss the gas-type dependence of the performance of CRDS-based MAs.
Comparative study on transverse compression testing of hybrid glass/kevlar composite pipe with PVC pipe
Authors: Kumar Balu Siva , Navin Kumar B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The study is to intend to improve the transverse compressive strength of the novel kevlar composite pipe and compare its property with polyvinyl chloride pipe. The feasibility of the kevlar based composites pipe has been studied. The kevlar composite pipes are made up of 2% volume fraction of nanoclay as filler and it is taken as the experimental group in this group the testing samples are (N=20) and the plain composite pipes of kevlar composites are taken as control group. This group is also having (N=20) samples for testing. All these composite pipes are fabricated manually and the specimens have been prepared as per the ASTM standard. The kevlar composites pipes which is fabricated with 2% volume fraction of nanoclay have improved their compressive strength in transverse direction in the comparison of plain kevlar composite pipe and PVC pipe. The significance value p is <0.05. The filler used kevlar Novel composite pipes improved its transverse compression strength of 28% higher than the plain kevlar composite pipes and nanoclay fillers exhibited a significant improvement.
Comparison of emission NOx, CO, CO2 and smoke number of mixed waste plastic oil, n-Octanol and diesel with the blend ratio of (10%, 20% & 30%) in a single cylinder diesel engine
Authors: Fayaz Shaik , Depoures Melvin Victor 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
According to this study, the combined NOx and Smoke Opacity of waste plastic oil and N-Octanol are higher than diesel fuel. To find the optimal combination, waste plastic oil was blended with diesel. The best blend (10%, 20%, and 30%) was contrasted with a blend of diesel and N-Octanol. Five load variations have been tested using a stationary, single-cylinder Kirloskar engine with a bore and stroke of 85 and 110 mm. The G-power was estimated using the G-Power tool v-3.1.9.7, and the sample size was 60. According to the tested experiments, the best blend, D50W30O20, had a NOx level of 2098 ppm for pure diesel and 2145 ppm for waste plastic oil. For neat diesel, the smoke opacity was 32.1. For waste plastic oil, 57.6, and the optimum blend, D50WPO40O10, 41.3. The group’s significance level of 0.000 (p0.05) indicates a meaningful difference. Within the investigation parameters, D50WPO30O20 had a NOx rating 82% higher than diesel and 47% higher for the waste plastic oil blend. When compared to diesel, the smoke opacity of the waste plastic oil blend was 16% higher, and the smoke opacity of D50WPO20O30 was 9% higher.
Enhancing mechanical and corrosion qualities using metal inert gas weld hardfacing: a brief review
Authors: Ranjan Rajeev , Das Anil Kumar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to its better mechanical qualities and corrosion resistance, metal inert gas weld hardfacing is popular in both the manufacturing and research sectors and also contributes to longer machine element service lives. It is defined as a method of achieving desired surface attributes by employing welding procedures on structural materials with relatively low qualities and low cost, known as substrate materials. The weld hardfacing helps with two important aspects of improving material qualities: first, it improves characteristics of the material that depend on the surface (such as corrosion and wear resistance), and second, characteristics that rely on the mass, such as hardness, and durability. This article reviews several studies that have been done so far on various substrates in the area of metal inert gas weld hardfacing to improve microstructure, corrosion, and mechanical characteristics. According to past researchers, various MIG welding parameters play a crucial role and can be optimised to get desirable output such as enhanced tribological, mechanical, and corrosion properties. The writers have made an effort to address the recommendations for future work in this field. Present and future researchers on hardfacing using welding would benefit from the outcome of this paper, which is also useful to many industries.