bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and computational tools to model multistable gene regulatory networks
Authors: Bocci Federico , Jia Dongya , Nie Qing , Jolly Mohit Kumar , Onuchic José 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The last decade has witnessed a surge of theoretical and computational models to describe the dynamics of complex gene regulatory networks, and how these interactions can give rise to multistable and heterogeneous cell populations. As the use of theoretical modeling to describe genetic and biochemical circuits becomes more widespread, theoreticians with mathematical and physical backgrounds routinely apply concepts from statistical physics, non-linear dynamics, and network theory to biological systems. This review aims at providing a clear overview of the most important methodologies applied in the field while highlighting current and future challenges. It also includes hands-on tutorials to solve and simulate some of the archetypical biological system models used in the field. Furthermore, we provide concrete examples from the existing literature for theoreticians that wish to explore this fast-developing field. Whenever possible, we highlight the similarities and differences between biochemical and regulatory networks and ‘classical’ systems typically studied in non-equilibrium statistical and quantum mechanics.
New phase diagram for low hysteresis response of a coiled shape memory alloy actuator
Authors: Hyeon Kyujin , Kyung Ki-Uk 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We demonstrate a new phase diagram describing the responses of shape memory alloy (SMA) spring actuators. The SMA spring actuator has a wide range of temperatures for phase transitions and responses with low hysteresis. To describe these specific responses of the SMA spring actuator, a new phase diagram with an overlapping layer is proposed. In the overlapping layer, even if it changes from a heating phase to a cooling phase or vice versa, a phase transition occurs whenever the temperature of the SMA changes. Because there is no region in which only the temperature changes without a force changes, the hysteresis is reduced. The overlapping layer is formed by changing the properties of the SMA when fabricating the spring actuator. One of the properties that change in the SMA is the amount of latent heat when the phase transition occurs. The latent heat of the SMA spring is significantly low compared to that of the SMA wire due to the plasticity produced by the stress applied to form the spring shape. Therefore, there will be a tradeoff between the amount of the phase transition and the hysteresis of the SMA actuator.
Electrochemical performance of ionic polymer metal composite under tensile loading
Authors: Napollion Liya , Kim Kwang J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cracks in polymer composites can lead to premature failure, which can be disastrous for polymer-based energy storage devices. Detecting these cracks is essential to guarantee the reliability and safety of such devices. However, detecting cracks in composite polymers such as ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) is a challenging task, which makes it difficult to ensure their performance and safety. The overall goal of this study is to investigate the effect of cracks or damage caused by tensile loading on the mechanical properties and electrochemical characteristics of IPMC based capacitors. During tensile testing, the deformation of the IPMC strips causes changes in the ion distribution and concentration in the polymer matrix, influencing the performance of the material. The measurements were conducted utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at a room temperature (

21

∘

C

) and frequency range of 10 KHz to 1 Hz. The method utilized in this study proved to be easy and quick with consistent results. The IPMC capacitor was found to increase its capacitance after major cracking in the Pt electrodes from high tensile mechanical loads. Furthermore, at lower frequency range (<100 Hz), the real (

ε

′

) and imaginary (

ε

′
′

) part of permittivity increase with the addition of loads. This displays that the dielectric property of the material is affected due to the increasing of the loads. It is concluded that, at frequencies above 100 Hz, the permittivity is weakly load dependent.
Controlling self-healing of optical field based on moiré dual-microlens arrays
Authors: Li Dongwei , Wang Weiming , Gao Song , Gao Yuanmei , Cai Yangjian , Hao Zuoqiang , Wen Zengrun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Optical self-healing is a repairing phenomenon of a beam in the propagation, as it is perturbed by an opaque object. In this work, we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that the moiré distributed dual-microlens array enables to generate optical fields with better healing ability to withstand defects than their counterparts of a single microlens array. By utilizing the double parameter scanning method, the self-healing degree of the optical field is significantly affected by both the interval distance and the relative angle of the dual-microlens arrays. The self-healing level is decreased significantly by lengthening the interval between the two microlens array with a small twist angle, while increasing the angle enhances the self-healing degree. Further study manifests the self-healing process with respect to the size and central location of the obstacle. The research results provide a simple and effective method to generate self-healing optical wave fields, which have potential applications including optical communication, assisted imaging technology, and even intense laser physics.
Half metallicity and optical properties of Ba2B′ReO6 (B′ = Cd, Er): a DFT insight
Authors: Kazim Muhammad Zafarullah , Ishfaq Mudassir , Aldaghfag Shatha A , Younis Umer , Yaseen Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Barium based double perovskite rhenates are being comprehensively studied due to their diverse magnetic behaviors, extending from ferri- to (anti) ferro-magnetism which is mostly influenced by theoretical Hubbard interaction parameter (U). Therefore, density functional theory (DFT) and U are brought together to reveal the origin of half metallicity with ferromagnetic ordering in Ba2CdReO6 and ferrimagnetism in Ba2ErReO6. The precise estimation of exchange correlation energies has been performed with generalized gradient approximation (GGA). In both compounds, the 100% spin polarization at Fermi level arises primarily due to Re-d orbitals and minute involvements from respective Cd/Er cation’s valence orbitals along with total magnetic moment values of ∼1.0 μ

B
. Moreover, in optical response, ample amount of absorption and optical conductivity is observed in the UV region of both DPs. The thermo-structural stability of Ba2B′ReO6(B′ = Cd, Er) along with 100% spin polarization and superior optical properties make these DPs the potential candidate for various spin-optoelectronic devices e.g., spintronic devices and optical filers.
Super wideband with band rejection characteristics circular patch monopole antenna for 5G and beyond
Authors: Lakshmaiah Y Venkata , Roy Dr Bappadittya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A super wideband monopole antenna design for microwave and advanced wireless applications in the frequency range of 2.2 GHz to 27.06 GHz. At first, a circular resonator with a ring dimension is used to achieve a wideband range of frequency with a band rejection characteristic in the lower band. Where the antenna provides broadband from 2.2 GHz to 27.06 GHz with four notch bands covering 12.26–14.44 GHz, 17.39–19.60 GHz, 2.69–4.36 GHz, and 5.5–7.14 GHz. These notch band frequencies are productively used to evacuate undesired interference of different wireless frequencies. Additionally, six symmetrical tiny circle stubs are introduced in the ground plane to improve the overall characteristic without notch bands. The combination of the ring patch with the line feed broadens the stable radiation, super bandwidth, and stable gain characteristics. The overall electric size of the antenna is

0.41
×
0.35
×
1.52

λ

0

3

where the maximum gain is 6.4 dBi in between the higher frequency band and 4 dBi from 2.6–5.7 GHz. The proposed antenna exhibits a novel structure and achieves a wide bandwidth without using any external electronics components. The overall fractional bandwidth is more than 166% and excellent performance enters the wireless frequency band. The proposed structure was designed and fabricated to be experimentally validated and could be applied in various wireless components and applications.
Efficient fault-tolerant quantum dialogue protocols using a quantum reordering circuit of EPR pairs
Authors: Lin Jason , Chang Chen-Yu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study proposes two efficient fault-tolerant quantum dialogue (QD) protocols that are robust against the collective-dephasing and collective-rotation noises, respectively. In the proposed protocol, the message carriers are decoherence-free quantum states that are resistant to the corresponding collective noise, provided that all quantum photon pairs of a transmitted unit remain within the same time window. These quantum states and their combinations are used to compose the decoy photon pairs to ensure the security of the transmission. An observation on the Bell measurement has allowed an EPR pair as a message carrier to Require only one of its photons for protection. That is, the measurement of one single photon in an EPR pair will gain no information on its actual Bell state. This property has effectively reduced the number of decoy photons in quantum transmission. Since the photons used in the message carriers are particles of EPR pairs, the proposed two fault-tolerant QD protocols required only half of the decoy photons to ensure the same level of security. In the transmission, one photon of each EPR pair is separated using a reordering mechanism, and a quantum logic circuit is designed and implemented to demonstrate the concept in practice. The reduction of decoy photons has significantly improved the qubit efficiency of the proposed QD protocols compared with other relevant existing works. Furthermore, the proposed schemes also have no information leakage problem.
The effect of aluminide coating on the steam oxidation behavior of SS321 steel at 700 °C
Authors: Shirvani Kourosh , Taheri Morteza , Hadadipour Khalilullah , Javadpour Sirus 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Steam oxidation is considered the main attack form involved in the destruction of superheater tubes in the superheater of water-tube boiler. In this work, the effect of an aluminide coating on the way steam reacts with SS321 steel in a superheater was studied. Aluminide coating was done by powder cementation at 800 °C for 7 h and then heat treatment at 900 °C for 1 h. The coating was made with an Al-rich Fe2Al5 phase, with an inner (diffusion) layer of 5 μm and an outer layer of 25 μm. The grains were all the same size, and there were few holes. The samples were subjected to a constant stream of supersaturated water vapor at a temperature of 700 °C. The weight gain of uncoated and coated samples was measured as 1 mg cm−2 and 0.5 mg cm−2 after 20 h, and 2.5 mg cm−2 and 0.7 mg cm−2 after 350 h, respectively. The remarkable weight loss of the coated samples after 20 h and up to 350 h was attributed to the formation of stable Al2O3 oxides. This was although in the uncoated samples, the outer and inner layers of the coating were composed of Fe-rich oxides (magnetite) and Cr-rich oxides (Cr-Fe spinel oxides), respectively. Microstructural studies showed that with the increase in oxidation time, the inner layer (diffusion) increases from 5 μm to 25 μm, which is attributed to the diffusion of substrate particles towards the coating during oxidation.
Novel (1-x)MgCu2Nb2O8− xTiO2composite ceramics with high Q×f and near-zero τf
Authors: Peng Sen , Li Chen , Yan Tianyi , Huang Shengxiang , Qiu Leilei , Deng Lianwen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor the MCu2Nb2O8(M=Ca, Mg, Zn or Ni) composite ceramics, it is still a difficult problem to achieve both highQ×fvalule and near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf). In this paper, the (1-x)MgCu2Nb2O8−xTiO2(0 ≤x≤ 0.28) ceramics were fabricated by the two-step sintering (TSS) technique. Results of x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy proved that the ceramic samples were composite phases of MgNb2O6, CuO and TiO2. The chemical compositions and valences of Mg, Cu, Nb, O and Ti were investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that proper TiO2addition could promote growth of grains and increase the average grain size. Appropriate TiO2content and enhanced densification contributed to the 0.84MgCu2Nb2O8− 0.16TiO2ceramics sintered at 935 °C withεr= 18.75,Q×f= 34,398 GHz (f0= 7.8 GHz), andτf= −0.56 ppm/°C, exhibiting potential applications in Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) devices.
Two-component generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations and their soliton and breather solutions
Authors: Li Xinyue , Zhao Jiale , Zhao Qiulan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a cluster of two-component generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations is generated in terms of zero-curvature equation and polynomial expansion of the spectral parameter, which can be used to illustrate effects on various nonlinear phenomena. After that, explicit representations of classical Darboux transformation and generalized perturbation (n,M)-fold Darboux transformation of the above equations are constructed. Localized wave solutions including soliton solutions, degenerate soliton solutions, soliton solutions interacting with degenerate soliton solutions, breather solutions and degenerate breather solutions are subsequently acquired via the classical Darboux matrix. Meanwhile, degenerate soliton solutions are acquired by the generalized perturbation (n,M)-fold Darboux transformation. Analyses of these solutions are shown through a series of figures ultimately.
Phase transition of polarons in bilayer graphene nanoribbons
Authors: de Sousa Araújo Cassiano Tiago , Magela e Silva Geraldo , de Oliveira Neto Pedro Henrique 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Stacking graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is the natural path to obtain semiconductors with exotic quantum phenomena by manipulating the interlayer coupling. Recently, a report demonstrated that, during charge transport, interlayer coupling significantly affects the phonon breathing modes. Therefore, a reliable physical description of charged carriers must explicitly address the coupling nature of the electronic and lattice phenomena. In this work, we gauge the influence of interlayer coupling (t
⊥) on the formation of charged carriers in a bilayer of an armchair graphene nanoribbon using a model Hamiltonian with electron-phonon coupling. We find different quasiparticle solutions depending on the t
⊥ magnitude. As it increases, the carrier’s charge progressively delocalizes along the layers, resulting in two interlayer polaron morphologies: the non-symmetric (0 meV <t
⊥ ≤ 45 meV) and the symmetric (t
⊥> 45 meV). These solutions also manifest in the band structure through first-order electronic phase transitions in the intragap states with a significant energy shift of about 0.3 eV. Consequently, the carrier’s mobility and effective mass are expected to be highly sensitive to t
⊥, suggesting that mechanical stress can regulate the mechanism. The findings extend to other GNR bilayers, potentially inspiring the development of novel nanoelectronics based on highly confined stacked systems.
Exploring the second-order polarizability of copper doped silicon carbide nanocluster: toward a new NLO material
Authors: Yaqoob Junaid , Tabassum Sobia , AlMohamadi Hamad , Mahmood Tariq , Ayub Khurshid , Khan Asim Laeeq , Yasin Muhammad , Gilani Mazhar Amjad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nonlinear optical materials are widely used in optical and optoelectronic devices. The geometric, electronic, and NLO properties of copper-doped 2D silicon carbide nanoclusters (Cu@h-SiC) are investigated. The HOMO–LUMO gap (Eg) of the h-SiC nanocluster is significantly decreased by copper atom doping. All the isomers (A to G) showed a marked drop in Eg values. It is noticed that the Eg value decreased up to 46% of the original value. The partial and total density of state graphs for all seven structures indicate the emergence of new HOMOs between the frontier molecular orbitals of h-SiC. The isomer A exhibits a significant increase in polarizability (α = 669 au) and hyperpolarizability (βo = 9.395×10−29 esu) values compared to pure h-SiC. Global reactivity descriptors (IP, EA, and S) and low excitation energies endorse the enhanced NLO response of Cu@h-SiC. The EDDM (Electron density difference map) analysis is performed to gain insight into the electronic density differences at the ground and excited levels. QTAIM analysis is used to investigate the type and nature of the interaction between the Cu-atom and the h-SiC. TD-DFT calculations predict the absorption spectra in the visible and near-IR regions. This study may help in the fabrication of h-SiC-based materials with optimised NLO response.
Identification of Blue Horizontal Branch Stars with Multimodal Fusion
Authors: Wei Jiaqi , Jiang Bin , Zhang Yanxia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Blue Horizontal Branch stars (BHBs) are ideal tracers to probe the global structure of the milky Way (MW), and the increased size of the BHB star sample could be helpful to accurately calculate the MW’s enclosed mass and kinematics. Large survey telescopes have produced an increasing number of astronomical images and spectra. However, traditional methods of identifying BHBs are limited in dealing with the large scale of astronomical data. A fast and efficient way of identifying BHBs can provide a more significant sample for further analysis and research. Therefore, in order to fully use the various data observed and further improve the identification accuracy of BHBs, we have innovatively proposed and implemented a Bi-level attention mechanism-based Transformer multimodal fusion model, called Bi-level Attention in the Transformer with Multimodality (BATMM). The model consists of a spectrum encoder, an image encoder, and a Transformer multimodal fusion module. The Transformer enables the effective fusion of data from two modalities, namely image and spectrum, by using the proposed Bi-level attention mechanism, including cross-attention and self-attention. As a result, the information from the different modalities complements each other, thus improving the accuracy of the identification of BHBs. The experimental results show that the F1 score of the proposed BATMM is 94.78%, which is 21.77% and 2.76% higher than the image and spectral unimodality, respectively. It is therefore demonstrated that higher identification accuracy of BHBs can be achieved by means of using data from multiple modalities and employing an efficient data fusion strategy.
Aberrant accumulation of age- and disease-associated factors following neural probe implantation in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wellman Steven M , Coyne Olivia A , Douglas Madeline M , Kozai Takashi D Y 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. Electrical stimulation has had a profound impact on our current understanding of nervous system physiology and provided viable clinical options for addressing neurological dysfunction within the brain. Unfortunately, the brain’s immune suppression of indwelling microelectrodes currently presents a major roadblock in the long-term application of neural recording and stimulating devices. In some ways, brain trauma induced by penetrating microelectrodes produces similar neuropathology as debilitating brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), while also suffering from end-stage neuron loss and tissue degeneration. The goal of the present study was to understand whether there may be any parallel mechanisms at play between brain injury from chronic microelectrode implantation and those of neurodegenerative disorder. Approach. We used two-photon microscopy to visualize the accumulation, if any, of age- and disease-associated factors around chronically implanted electrodes in both young and aged mouse models of AD. Main results. We determined that electrode injury leads to aberrant accumulation of lipofuscin, an age-related pigment, in wild-type and AD mice alike. Furthermore, we reveal that chronic microelectrode implantation reduces the growth of pre-existing Alzheimer’s plaques while simultaneously elevating amyloid burden at the electrode-tissue interface. Lastly, we uncover novel spatial and temporal patterns of glial reactivity, axonal and myelin pathology, and neurodegeneration related to neurodegenerative disease around chronically implanted microelectrodes. Significance. This study offers multiple novel perspectives on the possible neurodegenerative mechanisms afflicting chronic brain implants, spurring new potential avenues of neuroscience investigation and design of more targeted therapies for improving neural device biocompatibility and treatment of degenerative brain disease.
A scaling function for the particle entanglement entropy of fermions
Authors: Radhakrishnan Harini , Thamm Matthias , Barghathi Hatem , Rosenow Bernd , Del Maestro Adrian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Entanglement entropy under a particle bipartition generates complementary information to mode entanglement because it is sensitive to interactions and particle statistics at leading order and does not depend on any externally imposed length scale. In this paper, we investigate the particle entanglement entropy in a system of N interacting spinless lattice fermions in one spatial dimension by combining bosonization techniques with exact and approximate numerical methods. We introduce a general scaling form for the fermionic particle entanglement entropy captured by a shape function that enters as an extensive interaction-induced correction to a known free fermion result. A general asymptotic expansion in the total number of particles demonstrates that its form is robust for different values of the Rényi index and highlights how quantum correlations are encoded in the n-particle density matrix of a pure many-body quantum state.
Experimental Research of the Identification of Topological Charges for Vortex Beams
Authors: Luo Qing , Cai He , Xing Hao , An Guofei , Wang Dongdong , Yang Xi , Wang You 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An optical vortex beam has attracted more and more attention in several fields such as optical communication and quantum information. Generally, the vortex beam carries orbital angular momentum (OAM) and the topological charges (TCs). Measuring and identifying TCs of vortex beams is a key issue in many applications. In this study, the polarization status has been introduced into the interferometric procedure for identifying TCs of vortex beams. The influence of polarization states on the TC identification has been demonstrated experimentally. Furthermore, we demonstrate the satisfactory robustness for the interferometric method during identifying the TCs of vortex beams. When the reference and signal beam do not perfectly overlap in a Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) interferometer, i.e. there is a small tilt angle between two beams, a petal-like interference pattern can still be maintained with good visibility and be used for estimating the magnitude and sign of the TC. Our results might provide reference significance for the long-distance optical communication using vortex beams in the near future.