bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approaches to measuring language lateralisation: an exploratory study comparing two fMRI methods and functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound
Authors: Bishop D. V.M. , Woodhead Z. V. J. , Watkins K. E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this exploratory study we compare and contrast two methods for deriving a laterality index (LI) from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data: the weighted bootstrapped mean from the widely-used Laterality Toolbox (toolbox method), and a novel method that uses subtraction of activations from homologous regions in left and right hemisphere to give an array of difference scores (mirror method). Data came from 31 individuals who had been selected to include a high proportion of people with atypical laterality when tested with functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound (fTCD), and who had fMRI data for two tasks, word generation and semantic matching, which were selected as likely to activate different brain regions. In general, the mirror method gave better agreement with fTCD laterality than the toolbox method, both for individual regions of interest, and for a large region corresponding to the middle cerebral artery. LI estimates from this method had much smaller CIs than those from the toolbox method; with the mirror method, most participants were reliably lateralised to left or right, whereas with the toolbox method, a higher proportion were categorised as bilateral (i.e. the CI for the LI spanned zero). Reasons for discrepancies between fMRI methods are discussed: one issue is that the toolbox method averages the LI across a wide range of thresholds. Furthermore, examination of task-related t-statistic maps from the two hemispheres showed that language lateralisation is evident in regions characterised by deactivation, and so key information may be lost by ignoring voxel activations below zero, as is done with conventional estimates of the LI.
The effect of dopamine D2 receptor blockade on human motor skill learning
Authors: Taylor Eleanor M. , Curtin Dylan , Chong Trevor T-J. , Bellgrove Mark A. , Coxon James P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRationale:Dopamine signalling supports motor skill learning in a variety of ways, including through an effect on cortical and striatal plasticity. One neuromodulator that has been consistently linked to motor skill learning is dopamine. However, the specific role of dopamine D2 receptor in the acquisition and consolidation stages of motor learning remains unclear.ObjectivesTo examine the effect of a selective D2 receptor antagonist on human motor skill acquisition and consolidation.MethodsIn this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, healthy adult men and women (N = 23) completed a sequential motor skill learning task after taking either sulpiride (800mg) or placebo. A 20-minute bout of high-intensity interval cycling exercise was included to enhance experimental effects and counteract potentially confounding sedative effects of sulpiride.ResultsSulpiride reduced performance during motor skill acquisition relative to placebo in the first session, however this difference was abolished at the subsequent retention test. Sulpiride did not reduce consolidation of learning as expected, however it led to a reduction in speed of execution relative to placebo.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that neuromodulation at the dopamine D2 receptor is critical in the early acquisition of a novel motor skill. These results may have functional relevance in motor rehabilitation as reduced dopamine transmission can impact performance during initial learning and slow subsequent performance of the skill.
Hydrogen Sulfide Coordinates Glucose Metabolism Switch through Destabilizing Tetrameric Pyruvate Kinase M2
Authors: Wang Rong-Hsuan , Chen Pin-Ru , Chen Yue-Ting , Chen Yi-Chang , Chu Yu-Hsin , Chien Chia-Chen , Chien Po-Chen , Lo Shao-Yun , Wang Zhong-Liang , Tsou Min-Chen , Chen Ssu-Yu , Chiu Guang-Shen , Chen Wen-Ling , Wu Yi-Hsuan , Wang Lily Hui-Ching , Wang Wen-Ching , Lin Shu-Yi , Kung Hsing-Jien , Wang Lu-Hai , Cheng Hui-Chun , Lin Kai-Ti 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCancer cells reprogram their glucose metabolic pathway from oxidative phosphorylation toward aerobic glycolysis. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which converts phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate, is considered the rate-limiting enzyme involved in cancer glucose metabolism. By reducing PKM2 enzyme activity, cancer cells attain a greater fraction of glycolytic metabolites for macromolecule synthesis needed for rapid proliferation. Here we demonstrate that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) destabilizes PKM2 tetramer into dimer/monomer, leading to reduced PKM2 enzyme activity and an increase in the activation of nuclear transcriptional genes mediated by dimeric PKM2. Proteomic profiling of endogenous PKM2 reveals the occurrence of sulfhydration at cysteines, notably at cysteine 326. Blocking PKM2 sulfhydration at cysteine 326 through amino acid mutation stabilizes PKM2 tetramer and crystal structure further indicating that the tetramer organization of PKM2C326Sis different from the currently known T or R states, revealing PKM2C326Sas a newly identified form. The presence of a PKM2C326Smutant in cancer cells effectively rewires glucose metabolism to mitochondrial respiration, resulting in the significant inhibition of tumor growth. Collectively, PKM2 sulfhydration by H2S serves as a glucose metabolic rewiring mechanism in promoting tumorigenesis, and inhibition of PKM2 sulfhydration may be applied as a new therapeutic approach targeting cancer metabolism.One-Sentence SummaryH2S rewires glucose metabolism by destabilizing PKM2 tetramerization majorly through sulfhydration at cysteine 326HighlightsH2S enhances PKM2 dissociation from tetramer to dimer to facilitate dimeric PKM2 nuclear translocation.H2S modifies PKM2 sulfhydration, notably at cysteine 326.The crystal structure reveals PKM2C326Sas a unique tetramer conformation.Blockage of PKM2 sulfhydration at C326 rewires cancer glucose metabolism and significantly inhibits tumor growth.
Examining the role ofAcinetobacter baumanniiPlasmid Types in Disseminating Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Lam Margaret M. C. , Hamidian Mehrad 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter baumanniiis a Gram-negative pathogen responsible for hospital-acquired infections with high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The spread of multidrug-resistantA. baumanniistrains, particularly those resistant to carbapenems, has become a global concern. Spread of AMR inA. baumanniiis primarily mediated by the acquisition of AMR genes through mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the role of different plasmid types in disseminating AMR genes is essential. In this study, we analysed the distribution of plasmid types, sampling sources, geographic locations, and AMR genes carried onA. baumanniiplasmids. A collection of 814 complete plasmid entries was collated and analysed. Most plasmids were identified in clinical isolates from East Asia, North America, South Asia, West Europe, and Australia.We previously devised anAcinetobacterPlasmid Typing (APT) scheme whererep/Rep types were defined using 95% nucleotide identity and updated the scheme in this study by adding 13 novelrep/Rep types (93 types total). The APT scheme now includes 178 Rep variants belonging to three families: R1, R3, and RP. R1-type plasmids were mainly associated with global clone 1 strains, while R3-type plasmids were highly diverse and carried a variety of AMR determinants including carbapenem, aminoglycoside and colistin resistance genes. Similarly, RP-type and rep-less plasmids were also identified as important carriers of aminoglycoside and carbapenem resistance genes. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the distribution and characteristics ofA. baumanniiplasmids, shedding light on their role in the dissemination of AMR genes. The updated APT scheme and novel findings enhance our understanding of the molecular epidemiology ofA. baumanniiand provide valuable insights for surveillance and control strategies.IMPORTANCEA. baumanniihas emerged as a major cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units, posing a substantial challenge to patient safety and healthcare systems. Plasmids, which carry antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, play a crucial role in the multidrug resistance exhibited byA. baumanniistrains, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of plasmid spread, and how to track them. This study provides important insights intoA. baumanniiplasmid epidemiology, and the extent of their role in spreading clinically significant AMR genes and how they are differentially distributed across different clones i.e. sequence types (STs) and geographical regions. These insights are important for identifying high-risk areas or clones implicated in plasmid transmission, in the context of the spread of multidrug-resistantA. baumanniistrains. It also highlights the involvement of R3-type, RP-type and rep-less plasmids in the acquisition and spread of significant AMR genes including those conferring resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides and colistin.
Experimental study on corrosion resistance of Zn–Al–Mg alloy coating of high-strength steel wires for bridge cables
Authors: Hu Donghui , Song Shenyou , Zhang Zongxing , Wang Linfeng 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to figure out the conundrum that the corrosion resistance longevity of steel wires for bridge cables was arduous to meet the requirements.

Design/methodology/approach
The “two-step” hot-dip coating process for cable steel wires was developed, which involved first hot-dip galvanizing and then hot-dip galvanizing of aluminum magnesium alloy. The corrosion rate, polarization curve and impedance of Zn–6Al–1Mg and Zn–10Al–3Mg alloy-coated steel wires were compared through acetate spray test and electrochemical test, and the corrosion mechanism of Zn–Al–Mg alloy-coated steel wires was revealed.

Findings
The corrosion resistance of Zn–10Al–3Mg alloy-coated steel wires had the best corrosion resistance, which was more than seven times that of pure zinc-coated steel wires. The corrosion current of Zn–10Al–3Mg alloy-coated steel wires was lower than that of Zn–6Al–1Mg alloy-coated steel wires, whereas the capacitive arc and impedance value of the former were higher than that of the latter, making it clear that the corrosion resistance of Zn–10Al–3Mg was better than that of Zn–6Al–1Mg alloy coating. Moreover, the Zn–Al–Mg alloy-coated steel wires for bridge cables had the function of coating “self-repairing.”

Originality/value
Controlling the temperature and time of the hot dip galvanizing stage can reduce the thickness of transition layer and solve the problem of easy cracking of the transition layer in the Zn–Al–Mg alloy coating due to the Sandelin effect.
The narrative of a VET workforce shortage in Australia: reality, myth or opportunity?
Authors: Smith Erica 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to examine whether there really is a shortage of VET teachers, and if so, whether there are links to the salary offered and to the qualifications required.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses three main approaches to examine the narrative of a shortage of VET teachers in Australia.FindingsThere was no documented evidence of a VET teacher shortage, beyond a general perception of shortage in line with other occupations due to the post-COVID economic recovery. Salaries for VET teachers were found to compare well with other education occupations and other jobs in the economy. There was no evidence of the required qualifications deterring entry. The main concern appears to be whether VET can adequately train workers for other sectors in shortage.Research limitations/implicationsThe research did not include empirical survey work and suggests that this needs to be carried out urgently.Practical implicationsThe research provides evidence that will challenge current assumptions and help in the recruitment of VET teachers.Social implicationsIt argues for a recognition of the importance of the VET sector beyond its function of serving industry.Originality/valueIt highlights ways to make VET teaching a more attractive proposition and to better promote its advantages.
Entrepreneurial activities, innovation, and job creation: the role of demographics and creativity as moderators
Authors: Al Alawi Abrar Mohammed , Al Kindi Kawther , Al Shukaili Abdullah , Ahmed Essia Ries 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the influence of innovation in entrepreneurial activities and job creation, examine the influence of innovation in entrepreneurial activities on jobs creation and investigate the moderating influence of entrepreneurial characteristics between entrepreneurial activity, innovation and job creation.

Design/methodology/approach
The data was collected from Oman Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data 2020. Sample of 2,000 individuals was involved in entrepreneurial activities. SPSS and PLS software were used to test the structural model and research hypothesis.

Findings
The results revealed that innovation affects the level of created jobs. Entrepreneurial activity has a significant influence on innovation, jobs created and an indirect effect on jobs created through the mediating influence of innovation. All direct and indirect relationships of entrepreneurial activity and innovation with the expected jobs are insignificant. The findings demonstrate that demographics moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial activity and innovation.

Research limitations/implications
The study outcomes will be useful for policymakers to understand the innovation types in entrepreneurial activities and whether these enterprises can create future jobs.

Practical implications
The findings will help entrepreneurial ecosystems and managers to strengthen their business ventures using innovative business models.

Social implications
This research will provide decision-makers with mechanism on how better business environment will benefit stakeholders.

Originality/value
While this topic is widely investigated in developed countries, little is known about the impact of innovation on entrepreneurial activities in creating jobs in developing countries. This research contributes to entrepreneurship innovation and institutional theory literature by understanding the role of the entrepreneurship conditions framework that support the jobs creation.
Whistleblowing: interrogating the complexities of law, governance, and freedom of expression in developing nations
Authors: Adetunji Adeoye Johnson 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the rule of law, corporate governance and freedom of expression on the effectiveness of whistleblowing initiatives. This study interrogates the effectiveness of whistleblowing as a tool in combating economic and financial crimes, in political and corporate environments where good governance and the rule of law are firmly established and enforceable and where defamation is decriminalised.

Design/methodology/approach
The author conducted a comprehensive review of relevant textbooks, focusing on legal theories and concepts related to the research topic. This study analysed scholarly journal articles to gain insights into the current debates and research gaps. The author discussed seminal court decisions that have influenced the legal landscape pertaining to the research topic and reviewed newspaper publications to understand public opinion and societal implications related to the research topic.

Findings
To ensure effective whistleblowing as a tool of gathering information in combating economic and financial crime, good governance must be promoted, supremacy of law must be upheld, freedom of expression must be safeguarded and defamation must be criminalised.

Originality/value
This paper addresses a significant gap in the literature by examining the impact of criminal libel on whistleblowing, an area that has received limited attention in previous studies. The findings of this study have significant implications for policymakers, as they shed light on importance of the rule of law, good governance, freedom of speech and decriminalisation of defamation on effective implementation of an effective whistleblowing laws and policies.
The relationship between inventory leanness and product innovation with the contingent role of market concentration
Authors: Wang Jingbin , Yao Xinyan , Zhu Xuechang 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThis study aims to demonstrate the simultaneous effects between inventory leanness and product innovation, with market concentration being a moderator.Design/methodology/approachUsing a large panel data collected from 3071 listed manufacturing enterprises from 2004 to 2021, this research employs a simultaneous system of equations via the three-stage least square method to explore the simultaneous relationship between inventory leanness and product innovation. In addition, the moderating role of market concentration is demonstrated via one four-model system.FindingsAs its core, inventory leanness positively impacts product innovation, while product innovation negatively affects inventory leanness. Moreover, there are differential impacts of the leanness of three inventory types on product innovation. Specifically, the inventory leanness of raw material negatively affects product innovation, while the inventory leanness of work-in-process and finished goods positively affect product innovation. Further, moderation analysis highlights that market concentration is a key moderator of this relationship.Practical implicationsManagers should carefully gauge the tradeoffs between inventory leanness and product innovation. Concretely, managers ought to consider the connections between inventory types and product innovation. In addition, managers are suggested to emphasis on market strategy.Originality/valueThis paper not only contributes to the current understanding of inventory leanness by verifying the impact of inventory leanness on product innovation but also investigates the simultaneous relationship between various inventory types and product innovation. Furthermore, it empirically demonstrates the moderating effect of market concentration on the relationship between inventory leanness and product innovation.
Happy people: how to nurture employee engagement in an uncertain economy
Authors: Zibbell Cara 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to provide information about the importance of employee engagement in uncertain economic times. While the benefits of employee engagement are a widely accepted concept in theory, these efforts often suffer during an unpredictable socioeconomic environment. Often, the first things to go are the very initiatives and culture creators that drive a happy and productive workforce, which can then negatively affect business outcomes. There is a need to strike a balance between the bottom line and a well-rounded and inclusive employer relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based upon the author’s research as well as strategies and programs they have implemented during their HR leadership career.

Findings
To improve employee engagement, it is essential to involve various departments within HR. It is important to consider all aspects of the employee experience, including members from each team, to create a well-rounded employee life cycle, even during challenging times. Committing to the methods outlined in the article and maintaining accountability will help an organization achieve lasting results.

Originality/value
The paper provides the author’s unique insights into effective strategies for employee engagement and improving the employee’s overall experience.
Work social support on hospitality employees’ career optimism and turnover intention
Authors: Bui Thi Tam , Mai Quyen Le 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of job insecurity and perceived work-social support on career optimism, organizational commitment and turnover intention in the hospitality industry in the post-COVID era.

Design/methodology/approach
Data collection was via an online survey of 428 hotel staff. Structural equation modeling techniques support the research model and hypothesis testing.

Findings
This study reveals that the perception of job insecurity has a strong effect on turnover intention but no significant influence on career optimism and organizational commitment. Perceived work social support plays a vital role in employees’ coping strategies in difficult work circumstances. It has positive effects on career optimism and organizational commitment.

Originality/value
The study is considered timely in verifying how the perception of job insecurity and work social support influence hospitality employees’ career optimism, organizational commitment and turnover intention as we transition to the post-pandemic era. The findings enrich the literature on job insecurity and career management through a crisis.
Evaluation of the efficacy of maintenance therapy for acne vulgaris using adapalene 0.1%/benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel for 24 weeks and assessment of atrophic acne scars using three‐dimensional image analysis
Authors: Tanizaki Hideaki , Hayashi Nobukazu , Abe Masatoshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMaintenance therapy after remission of inflammation is strongly recommended in the guideline for the treatment of acne vulgaris published by the Japanese Dermatological Association. One advantage of continuing maintenance therapy is the alleviation of atrophic scarring. This study investigated the efficacy of maintenance therapy using adapalene 0.1%/benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel, and its effects on atrophic scarring. Overall, 126 patients were randomized to the adapalene/benzoyl peroxide group (n = 40), benzoyl peroxide group (n = 44), and control group (without maintenance treatment drugs; n = 42), and 111 of these completed a trial lasting 24 weeks. As the primary endpoint, the treatment success rate (the percentage of patients in whom the number of inflammatory lesions was maintained at ≤10) was 89.2% in the adapalene/benzoyl peroxide group, 87.5% in the benzoyl peroxide group, and 47.4% in the control group. Compared with the control group, the success rates were significantly higher in the adapalene/benzoyl peroxide and benzoyl peroxide groups (P = 0.0006 for both). As one of the secondary endpoints, the rate of change in the number of atrophic scars showed significant improvement from the baseline in the adapalene/benzoyl peroxide and benzoyl peroxide groups at week 24 (P = 0.0004 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Although the three‐dimensional image analysis parameters did not change significantly from the baseline in the adapalene/benzoyl peroxide and benzoyl peroxide groups at week 24, significant worsening was noted in the control group (P = 0.0276 for affected area, P = 0.0445 for volume, and P = 0.0182 for maximum depth). Adverse drug reactions were noted in three patients in the adapalene/benzoyl peroxide group (7.5%) but not in the benzoyl peroxide group. These findings suggest that maintenance therapy using adapalene 0.1%/benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel is effective in preventing the worsening of scars in Japanese patients with acne vulgaris.