bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the TLR 4 and TLR 5 genes methylation and mRNA expression in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Asadzadeh‐Aghdaei Hamid , Nourian Mahyar , Chaleshi Vahid , Zamani Naghmeh , Hashemi Mina alsadat , sadeghi Yasaman , Sani Mojtaba 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune system dysfunction, especially Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), is a major factor in the pathogenesis of IBD. The functional roles of TLR4 and TLR5 as mediators of innate immune responses to pathogenic microbes in the gastrointestinal tract and their association with epigenetic alterations in the pathogenesis of this disease are very important. We aimed to investigate the aberrant methylation changes in TLR4 and TLR5 gene promoter DNA sequences and evaluate the association of TLR4 and TLR5 gene expression with IBD patient subtypes.
Methods
This case-control study was performed on the tissues of 33 patients with inflammatory bowel disease and 20 healthy controls. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the expression of TLR4 and TLR5 was examined using qRT-PCR. In addition, following DNA extraction and treatment with sodium bisulfite, the variation in the methylation rate of TLR4 and TLR5 gene promoters was evaluated using High Resolution Melting (HRM) method.
Results
According to the findings, TLR4 expression increased in the Ulcerative colitis patients compared to the control group (P = 0.0385) but the expression of TLR5 gene in the patients with Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD) did not change compared to the control group (P = 0.2710). In addition, no significant correlation was found between the expression of TLR4 and TLR5 and sex. In addition, a significant different was observed in the TLR4 promoter methylation pattern between, UC and normal tissues (P = 0.028), also, a significant different was observed in the TLR4 promoter methylation between, CD and normal tissues (P = 0.006), but in TLR5 this difference was not significant.
Conclusion
These data suggest that the increased expression of TLR4 and aberrant methylation changes indicate the importance of this gene in the pathogenesis of IBD and its role as a biomarker in IBD patients.
Dynamic Forest Management Plan Selection and Optimization Based on Improved NLP, LSTM, and XGBoost
Authors: Lin Yifeng , Chen Zhangtianyi , Yang Yuer 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

To account for both economic benefits and carbon sequestration, we use a carbon sequestration prediction model to quantify and predict economic benefits. Then, we present the model to predict the economic benefits of the different forest management plans collected, based on which the best forest management plan is selected and optimized. To achieve the balance, we use three types of models in this paper. Firstly, we collect the current state-of-the-art forest management plans using natural language processing. Secondly, we compare and optimize the SAEs model from LSTM, GRU, and SAEs. The best R2 reached 0.952707 with optimizing. Finally, we compare four ML models, which are Artificial Neural Network (ANN), XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), and Logistic Regression (LR), and decided to model using XGBoost. Constrained by the principles of financial economics, we optimized the XGBoost model, and based on the model, we found the top 5 factors and calculated the carbon sequestration to find the optimal forest management model and felling method. The felling rate should be 71.29%, the best balance between economic benefits and carbon sequestration. According to the three models trained in this paper, in the future 100 years, about 195.950 million tons of carbon will be stored by each forest with an area size of 10,000 km2.
ChatBot for student service based on RASA framework
Authors: Fonseca João , Rodrigues Fátima 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The availability of face-to-face attendance at the School’s Administrative Services for Students is limited to one schedule, which may prevent the timely clarification of students' questions, causing a decrease in their level of satisfaction. To solve this problem, a conversational agent was designed, consisting of a Portuguese language interpretation module using natural language processing and machine learning techniques. To keep the system abstracted from any technical dependency, a web service that manages the agent's knowledge base was developed. In the evaluation of the solution, the performance of several learning models was compared, and the results emphasize the superiority of BERT language model of Google, combined with the DIET classifier, obtaining a F1-Score of 0.965. The system was implemented through a prototype and, for a total of 256 questions, around 70% of correct responses were obtained, with a positive average satisfaction rating of 4.20 on a 0-5 scale.
Perception of Mental Health in Relation to the Use of Mental Health Services among Youths.
Authors: Arubuola Mary Anuoluwapo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The prevalence of mental health among youths on a global scale ranges between 48% and 65% and contributes a significant 17% to the global Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) (World Health Organisation, 2017). Despite the negative impact of mental health challenges, early interventions produce better health and living outcomes. They also reduce the incidence of suicide and cause increased productivity (Schnyder, Panczak, Groth & Schultze-Lutter, 2017). 70% of people who seek professional help are able to live fairly lives and keep up with their daily responsibilities (Jorg, Visser, Ormel, Reijneveld, Hartman & Oldehinkel, 2015). The reason as to why youths rarely make use of mental health services has been a leading subject of research over the last decade (Woolf & Braveman, 2011). Several reasons have been identified with supporting arguments with the most frequently occurring reason being the perception of mental health (Bharadwaj, Pai & Suziedelyte, 2017). The social culture in a country like the United States has a different perception of mental health when compared to the social perception of a lower socio-economical country like India. This difference in perception reflects in the proportion of youths who access and make use of mental health services in both countries with less than 10% of Indian youths making use of the mental health services compare to the 41% of American youths. A study showed 65% of youths who admitted to having their actions and choices, including the willingness or not to use mental health services, dependent on the level of acceptance and the perception of such concepts by their religious communities (Ng, Nyunt, Chiam & Kua, 2011). This research essay answers the question of ‘How does the cultural and religious perceptions of mental health impact the use of mental health services among youths?’ The SCT explains that once youth observe how other individuals become socially neglect, isolated and excommunicated from their cultural and religious settings upon speaking out on their mental health and accessing mental health services, they are less willing to make use of mental health services to prevent similar outcome. The research hypothesis was that negative cultural and religious perceptions prevent youth from making use of mental health services. The research results were in favour of the hypothesis.
Ion Channels-related Neuroprotection and Analgesia Mediated by Spider
Venom Peptides
Authors: Nogueira  Souza Ana Caroline , Binda Nancy Scardua , Almeida Huemara Yuri , de Castro Júnior Célio José , Gomez Marcus Vinicius , Ribeiro Fabíola Mara , Da Silva Juliana Figueira 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Ion channels play critical roles in generating and propagating action potentials and in neurotransmitter
release at a subset of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Dysfunction of these channels
has been linked to various health conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases and chronic pain.
Neurodegeneration is one of the underlying causes of a range of neurological pathologies, such as
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), cerebral ischemia, brain injury, and retinal ischemia.
Pain is a symptom that can serve as an index of the severity and activity of a disease condition,
a prognostic indicator, and a criterion of treatment efficacy. Neurological disorders and pain are
conditions that undeniably impact a patient's survival, health, and quality of life, with possible financial
consequences. Venoms are the best-known natural source of ion channel modulators. Venom peptides
are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic tools due to their high selectivity and potency
gained through millions of years of evolutionary selection pressure. Spiders have been evolving
complex and diverse repertoires of peptides in their venoms with vast pharmacological activities for
more than 300 million years. These include peptides that potently and selectively modulate a range of
targets, such as enzymes, receptors, and ion channels. Thus, components of spider venoms hold considerable
capacity as drug candidates for alleviating or reducing neurodegeneration and pain. This review
aims to summarize what is known about spider toxins acting upon ion channels, providing neuroprotective
and analgesic effects.
A Novel Phytotherapy Application: Preparation, Characterization,
Antioxidant Activities and Determination of Anti-inflammatory Effects by
In vivo HET-CAM Assay of Chitosan-based DDSs Containing Endemic
Helichrysum pamphylicum P.H. Davis & Kupicha Methanolic Extract
Authors: Ismailovi Nurlan , Kıyan H. Tuba , Öztürk A. Alper 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Numerous pharmaceutical applications for chitosan, a polysaccharide made
from the shells of crustaceans by deacetylating chitin that occurs naturally, are currently being researched.
Chitosan, a natural polymer, is successfully used to prepare many drug-carrier systems, such
as gel, film, nanoparticle, and wound dressing.

Objective:
Preparing chitosan gels without external crosslinkers is less toxic and environmentally
friendly.

Methods:
Chitosan-based gels containing Helichrysum pamphylicum P.H. Davis & Kupicha methanolic
extract (HP) were produced successfully.

Results:
The F9-HP coded gel prepared with high molecular weight chitosan was chosen as the optimum
formulation in terms of pH and rheological properties. The amount of HP was found to be 98.83%
± 0.19 in the F9-HP coded formulation. The HP release from the F9-HP coded formula was determined
to be slower and 9 hours prolonged release compared to pure HP. It was determined that HP release
from F9-HP coded formulation with the DDSolver program was by anomalous (non-fickian) diffusion
mechanism. The F9-HP coded formulation significantly showed DPPH free radical scavenger, ABTS•+
cation decolorizing and metal chelating antioxidant activity while weakly reducing antioxidant potential.
According to the HET-CAM scores, strong anti-inflammatory activity was obtained by the F9-HP
coded gel at a dose of 20 μg.embryo-1 (p <0.05 compared with SDS).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, it can be said that chitosan-based gels containing HP, which can be used in
both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatment, were successfully formulated and characterized.
Photocatalytic Performance of the BaSn-based Nanoscale Materials for
the Organic Pollutants Enhanced by Sm (Er) Doping
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Sun Zizhan , Tao Feihu , Zhang Xu , Pei Lizhai 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Sm (Er) doping is an effective strategy for enhancing the photocatalytic
activity of the semiconductor photocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants. BaSnbased
nanorods possess wide band gap energy, which limits the photocatalytic application. It is
important to research the feasibility of the improved photocatalytic performance of the BaSnbased
nanorods by doping with Sm (Er).

Objective:
The aim is to synthesize Sm (Er)-doped BaSn-based nanoscale materials through a
simple hydrothermal process and research the photocatalytic performance of the Sm (Er)-doped
BaSn-based nanoscale materials for the gentian violet degradation.

Methods:
Sm (Er)-doped BaSn-based nanoscale materials with a polycrystalline structure were
synthesized through a simple hydrothermal process. The Sm (Er)-doped composites were analyzed
by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, solid diffuse reflectance spectrum, X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Results:
Sm (Er) doping induces the morphological evolution of the BaSn-based nanoscale materials
from the nanorods to irregular nanoscale particles. Sm (Er) in the doped BaSn-based nanoscale
materials exists in the form of the cubic Sm2Sn2O7 and orthorhombic ErF3 phases. The
band gap value is decreased with increasing the Sm (Er) dopant contents. Sm (Er)-doped
BnSnbased nanoscale materials with the Sm (Er) content of 8wt.% have the lowest band gap and
show the strongest light absorption ability. Compared with the un-doped BaSn-based nanoscale
materials, the Sm (Er)-doped BnSn-based nanoscale materials exhibit higher photocatalytic activity
for the gentian violet degradation. 8wt.% Sm-doped BnSn-based nanoscale materials show the
highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the gentian violet. 20 mL gentian violet solution
(concentration of 10 mg·L-1) can be totally degraded using 20 mg 8wt.% Sm-doped BnSnbased
nanoscale materials under UV light illumination for 150 min.

Conclusion:
The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the Sm (Er)-doped BnSn-based nanoscale
materials can be attributed to the decreased band gap, enhanced light absorption ability, and decreased
recombination of the photo-generated electron-hole pairs.
Sustainable Productivity and Profitability through Maize-based Cropping System in Hilly Areas of Manipur
Authors: CHONGLOI KHUMLO LEVISH , SINGH DEEPAK 
Published: April 2023

The field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years during 2018-19 and 2019-20 at three different locations of the farmers’ field in Chandel district of NEH Region, Manipur to compare the different maize-based cropping systems. From the two years data, it was observed that the highest maize yield was recorded from the sole crop 50.65 q/ha and 51.20 q/ha during 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively, due to its higher plant population. The equivalent yield of maize 52.16 q/ha and 54.90 q/ha was recorded to be higher in maize + groundnut intercropping system during 2018-19 and 2019-20 as compared to maize + rice bean intercropping system. Though, intercropping with other crops reduced the grain yield of maize but intercropping increased the maize equivalent yield than sole maize. The gross return was highest in maize + groundnut intercropping system with Rs. 152510/ha and Rs.160700/ha with the net profit of Rs. 104141/ha and Rs. 110550/ha during 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. The benefit cost ratio was also found to be highest in maize + groundnut intercropping system during the years of experimentations. From this result, it can be concluded that maize + groundnut intercropping will be more beneficial and a viable practiced to achieve the goal of higher sustainable productivity and profitability in attaining doubling of farmers’ income.
Pokdakan Mino Ngremboko's Business Recovery Strategy: Resilience Analysis and Supply Chain Integration
Authors: Cahyacipta Sylvano Akbariansyah , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo , Suryantini Any 
Published: April 2023

Mino Ngremboko Fish Cultivator Group (or Pokdakan Mino Ngremboko) is the pioneer of fish cultivation, which has been developing rapidly since its establishment in April 1987 until now (the beginning of 2021). Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) pandemic has been attacking Indonesia violently (since March 2, 2020), disrupting the supply chain of the fish cultivation business. The negative impact is a decline in revenue significantly. Mino Ngremboko Cultivator, for instance, has been affected by the pandemic with an average revenue (demand) loss of 50-70 percent. In addition, business resilience becomes very crucial which comprises business continuity that represents the ability of businesses to rapidly adapt and respond to the pandemic crisis (EIB, IBRD, 2022). The objective of the study is to assess the resilience and supply chain integration of the Mino Ngremboko Cultivator in facing the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond. Method this study uses the inductive-qualitative approach through a case study of Mino Ngremboko Cultivator. Data was collected through unstructured interviews and observation from November 2020 to March 2021. The study results provide three constructive insights, especially for managing Mino Ngremboko Cultivator and Fish Cultivator Group in general for sustaining their businesses. (1) Supply chain resilience is relatively good, which was shown by the average of productivity 1,10 from March 2019 to March 2021; (2) supply chain integration of fish cultivation business was not optimally implemented yet, and (3) Pokdakan Mino Ngremboko's business recovery strategy to optimise the practices of supply chain integration based on the digital marketing as well as downstream and commercialisation the output of fish cultivation. These recovery strategies require the support of improving organisation capability and stakeholder alignment to contribute to sustainable development (benefits for the social and ecological environment) in 2022 and beyond.
A comparison of maxillary canine retraction into healed and recent extraction sites using cone beam computed tomography: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Almaasarani Salam Ghazwan , Rajeh Nada 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To compare maxillary canine retraction between healed and recent extraction sites by assessing movement rate, canine dentoalveolar changes, molar rotation, and anchorage loss using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods
Twenty-eight patients (16–26 years old) who had bimaxillary protrusion and orthodontic treatment planned with extraction of first premolars were randomly distributed into two groups and treated using a straight wire appliance. In the recent group (RG), the upper first premolars were extracted 2 weeks before the initiation of canine retraction (after tooth alignment). In the healed group (HG), the upper first premolars were extracted before tooth alignment. Movement rate, canine dentoalveolar changes, molar rotation, and anchorage loss were assessed using CBCT.

Results
Movement rate, canine alveolar bone dimensions, canine rotation, and rotation and mesial movement of the first molar were not significantly different between groups (P &gt; .05). Canine tipping was greater in RG (P = .001).

Conclusions
Retracting canines into recent extraction sites compared with healed sites showed greater distal tipping of the canine with no differences in movement rate, canine alveolar bone dimensions, canine rotation, molar rotation, and anchorage loss.
Comparison of three orthodontic bonding systems in white spot lesion development: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Horan Ola G. Abu , Al-Khateeb Susan N. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To compare the development of white spot lesions (WSLs) during fixed orthodontic therapy among a conventional three-step bonding system, a self-etching primer bonding system, and a one-step adhesive bonding system.

Materials and Methods
Seventy-five patients were randomly allocated into three groups (group 1, conventional bonding system, n = 25; group 2, self-etch primer, n = 25; group 3, primer mixed with adhesive composite, n = 25). Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) was used to assess WSL parameters. Images were captured and then analyzed before treatment and at 2 months and 4 months after bond up. Lesion area (pixels), mean fluorescence loss (ΔF), and the number of newly developed WSLs were compared within and among the three groups. The significance level was P ≤ .05.

Results
The mean increase in lesion area was 31.3 ± 2.8 pixels, 38.4 ± 4.3 pixels, and 119.5 ± 5.3 pixels for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P ≤ .001). For ΔF, the loss was 3.3% ± 0.3%, 4.4% ± 0.2%, and 6.6% ± 0.2% for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. These changes were significantly different (P ≤ .01 to P ≤ .001). The incidence of newly developed lesions was 9.5 WSLs in group 1, 10 WSLs in group 2, and 15.9 WSLs in group 3.

Conclusions
The lack of primer contributed to the development of a larger number of and more severe WSLs.
Genotoxic and genoprotective effects of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives: a brief review
Authors: Leonova Elina , Ryabokon Nadezhda , Rostoka Evita , Borisovs Vitalijs , Velena Astrida , Bisenieks Egils , Duburs Gunars , Dzintare Maija , Goncharova Roza , Sjakste Nikolajs 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This review summarises current knowledge about the genotoxic and genoprotective effects of 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHP) with the main focus on the water-soluble 1,4-DHPs. Most of these water-soluble compounds manifest very low calcium channel blocking activity, which is considered “unusual” for 1,4-DHPs. Glutapyrone, diludine, and AV-153 decrease spontaneous mutagenesis and frequency of mutations induced by chemical mutagens. AV-153, glutapyrone, and carbatones protect DNA against the damage produced by hydrogen peroxide, radiation, and peroxynitrite. The ability of these molecules to bind to the DNA may not be the only mechanism of DNA protection, as other mechanisms such as radical scavenging or binding to other genotoxic compounds may take place and enhance DNA repair. These uncertainties and reports of high 1,4-DHP concentrations damaging the DNA call for further in vitro and in vivo preclinical research, pharmacokinetic in particular, as it can help pinpoint the exact mechanism(s) of the genotoxic and/or genoprotective action of 1,4-DHPs.
Consolidating Ireland’s Indigenous Social Enterprise Sector – A Policy Perspective
Authors: Forde Andrew 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The National Social Enterprise Policy for Ireland (2019 – 2022) was a watershed moment for social enterprise in Ireland. Ireland has a rich, proud and diverse experience of social economy and social enterprise, yet the policy framework developed comparatively later than in some other EU member states. Since its launch in 2019, the Policy has helped to significantly shape the social enterprise sector in Ireland including through targeted measures and improved coherence across government policy. At the same time, the sector is still in a nascent phase and faces dramatic new challenges associated with the realities of focussing on social impact whilst trading in a competitive market economy traditionally focussed on export-potential, which have been exacerbated by the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. As this foundational Policy comes to the end of its term, the Government, in partnership with the sector, now faces another significant juncture which will determine how successful social enterprise can be in moving from the margins to the mainstream and contributing to Ireland’s economic, social and environmental progress. The current article seeks to clarify the features of Ireland’s indigenous social enterprise sector, and offers perspectives on some of the prerequisites for an ambitious and impactful successor policy in 2023 to unlock the potential of the sector to grow in scale and impact.