bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclic pushout tests on high‐performance concrete‐filled steel tube columns for seismic applications
Authors: Schurgacz Przemyslaw , Winkler Rebekka , Knobloch Markus 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConcrete‐filled double steel tube columns (CFDST) made from high‐performance materials represent an advanced type of prefabricated composite components with excellent fire performance, enabling a slender design under high loading compared to traditional concrete‐filled steel tubes (CFST). CFST have been proven to be a viable solution under seismic loading, as they can achieve improved load‐carrying capacities (improved stiffness, strength, ductility, and energy dissipation capabilities) compared to conventional concrete columns. However, there is currently a lack of experimental and numerical investigations on CFDST.This paper presents experimental results on five load‐reversal pushout tests on high‐strength CFDST columns. The objective was to investigate the bond behavior between steel and concrete, as well as the accompanying adhesion, micro‐, and macro‐locking effects under cyclic loading in order to better assess the seismic performance of such structures. The results showed a continuous decrease for the interface carrying capacity as well as for the overall bond stress behavior for each new loading cycle. However, macro‐locking represents the dominant mechanism for composite strength and is strongly influenced by the geometric shape of the high‐strength steel tubes. Even in post‐interface carrying capacity range, significantly higher bond stress states were reached.
Novel Aspects about “Lifetime” in Upconversion Luminescence
Authors: Han Yingdong , Zhang Xingxing , Huang Ling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecent progress on the temporal response (TR) of lanthanide‐doped upconversion luminescence (UCL) has enriched the means of UCL regulation, promoted advanced designs for customized applications such as biological diagnosis, high‐capacity optical coding, and dynamic optical anti‐counterfeiting, and pushed us to reacquaint the dynamic responses of sensitizer/activator ions in UCL systems. In particular, the lifetime of UCL should be revisited after discovery of novel experimental phenomena and luminescence mechanisms, i. e., it should be understood as the collective TR (in the decay edge) of all the involved ions rather than the reciprocal of the radiative rate of an individual ion. In this Concept, we retraced the latest understanding of the dynamics in UCL with special attention to the relationship between excitation and emission, means of TR regulation, and discussed existing challenges. It is expected to provide some fundamental insights to deepened understanding, further regulation, and frontier applications of TR features of UCL.
B−N Co‐Doped Biphenylene as a Metal‐Free Cathode Catalyst for Li−O2 Batteries: a Computational Study
Authors: Guo Cong , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Yu , Li Yafei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLithium‐oxygen batteries (LOBs) meet the growing demand for long‐distance transportation over electric vehicles but face challenges because of the lack of high‐performance cathode catalysts. Herein, using density functional theory calculations, we report a unique graphene allotrope, biphenylene, of which the doping structures exhibit great potential as metal‐free catalysts for LOBs. Our modeling results demonstrate that the biphenylene nanosheets retain metallic properties after B doping, N doping, or B−N co‐doping. Compared with the pristine biphenylene, the catalytic activity of the doped biphenylene is greatly improved due to charge redistributions. Notably, the overpotentials of the B−N co‐doped biphenylene are as low as 0.19 and 0.18 V for the discharge and charge processes, respectively. Based on the electronic structure and bonding analysis, we identify two factors, i. e., Li−O bond strength and *Li2O2 adsorption energy, that can influence the Li−O2 electrochemical reactions. This study not only proposes a promising cathode catalyst but also provides insights into optimizing cathode catalysts for LOBs.
Investigation of Zirconium Disulphide Quantum Dots for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Gokulsaswath V. , Suganya G. , Monika S. , Kalpana G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) attract more interest because of their layered structure and high surface‐volume ratio. Most works are based on 3D and 2D, there is scarce research on its reduced dimensionality. In this study, Zirconium disulfide (ZrS2) (where M = Zr, X = S) Quantum Dots (QDs) are synthesized by Top‐down Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method, and the physical properties of the sample are characterized by the X‐ray powder diffraction method (XRD) for phase identification, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectroscopy (EDS) for morphology and composition. Synthesized ZrS2 QDs are found to belong to the Trigonal lattice system with a crystalline size 0.58 nm. The Electrochemical performance of the synthesized ZrS2 QDs is studied with the fabricated electrode from Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic charge and discharge (GCD)/Chronopotentiometry (CP), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) studies. The specific capacitance (Csp), energy density (Ed), and power density (Pd) are calculated with the help of a three‐electrode system. From the CV and GCD/CP, the fabricated electrode material is found to exhibit Faradaic behavior. The synthesized ZrS2 QDs are found to emerge as suitable candidates for electrochemical energy storage applications.
FPGA‐SoC implementation of an ICA‐based background subtraction method
Authors: Carrizosa‐Corral Fernando , Vázquez‐Cervantes Alberto , Montes Josué‐Rafael , Hernández‐Díaz Teresa , Solano Vargas Julio César , Barriga‐Rodríguez Leonardo , Soto‐Cajiga J.A. , Jiménez‐Hernández Hugo 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis paper presents the development and implementation of an independent component analysis (ICA)–based background subtraction method on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) system on a chip (SoC) with embedded processor. The use of the classic form of ICA for this purpose results in a complex implementation with high hardware resource usage for an embedded system. Therefore, an alternative version of FastICA was developed that adapts directly to the parallelism offered by the FPGA. In addition, the incorporation of this version of ICA into the motion‐detection method exploits the architecture of the FPGA‐SoC with embedded processor. This recent technology complements the parallelism of the FPGA with the general‐purpose computing capacity of the processors while maintaining low energy consumption and a compact size. The above features are appropriate for autonomous devices that handle mainly background subtraction, while a central device receives this information and performs the remaining tasks required for the application. The use of processors allows a faster implementation and integration of the device into other systems in a simple manner, while the parallelism of the FPGA increases the processing speed by accelerating intensive numeric calculations. The results obtained from the implementation that uses both FPGA and the embedded processor of the SoC show an increase of 3300% in the number of frames per second compared with an implementation that uses only the embedded processor.
Diverging role of epicardial adipose tissue across the entire heart failure spectrum
Authors: Rossi Valentina A. , Nebunu Delia , Haider Thomas , Laptseva Natallia , Naegele Matthias P. , Ruschitzka Frank , Sudano Isabella , Flammer Andreas J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a metabolically highly active tissue modulating numerous pathophysiological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between EAT thickness and endothelial function in patients with heart failure (HF) across the entire ejection fraction spectrum.Methods and resultsA total of 258 patients with HF with an ejection fraction across the entire spectrum [HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), n = 168, age 60.6 ± 11.2 years; HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), n = 50, mean age 65.1 ± 11.9 years; HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), n = 32, mean age 65 ± 12] were included. EAT was measured with transthoracic echocardiography. Vascular function was assessed with flicker‐light‐induced vasodilation of retinal arterioles (FIDart%) and flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD%) in conduit arteries. Patients with HFrEF have less EAT compared with patients with HFpEF (4.2 ± 2 vs. 5.3 ± 2 mm, respectively, P < 0.001). Interestingly, EAT was significantly associated with impaired microvascular function (FIDart%; r = −0.213, P = 0.012) and FMD% (r = −0.186, P = 0.022), even after multivariate correction for confounding factors (age, body mass index, hypertension, and diabetes; standardized regression coefficient (SRC) = −0.184, P = 0.049 for FIDart% and SRC = −0.178, P = 0.043 for FMD%) in HFrEF but not in HFpEF.ConclusionsAlthough less EAT is present in HFrEF than in HFpEF, only in HFrEF EAT is associated with vascular dysfunction. The diverging role of EAT in HF and its switch to a functionally deleterious tissue promoting HF progression provide the rationale to specifically target EAT, in particular in patients with reduced ejection fraction.
Comparative studies on the lipid profiles of female and male gonads of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai)
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Yan‐Fei , Liu Fu‐Jun , Niu Wei‐Yuan , Wang Si‐Ya , Wang Xin‐Miao , Yu Jing‐Han , Cai Dong , Zhou Da‐Yong , Yin Fa‐Wen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLipid profiles of the lipids from female gonads (LFG) and male gonads (LMG) of abalones (Haliotis discus hannai) were evaluated based on the analysis of phospholipid (PL) molecular species, PL class composition, fatty acid (FA) composition, and lipid class composition. These results suggested that lipids from abalone gonads were abundant in omega‐3 polyunsaturated FA (n − 3 PUFA, 14.42%–18.27% of total FAs) and PLs including phosphatidylcholine (PC, 21.26–47.85 mg g−1) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE, 9.29–24.10 mg g−1). Furthermore, more than 60 molecular species of PC and PE were determined. Particularly, the molecular species containing n − 3 PUFA including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) constituted majority of PC and PE in LFG and LMG. By contrast, LFG contained more PC and PE species containing EPA. Considering the lipid profiles, abalone gonads are a potential source of PL‐form n − 3 PUFA.
Non‐invasive detection of Crohn's Disease with label‐free detection of calprotectin by impedimetric aptasensor
Authors: Aslan Çiğdem Gözde , Ertugrul Uygun Hilmiye Deniz , Uygun Zihni Onur , Ünal Nalan Gülşen , Akcay Yasemin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCrohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract, is on the rise, posing significant health challenges due to its potential long‐term impact on intestinal health. Early and accurate detection of this disease is crucial for effective treatment. This study introduces an innovative approach to diagnosing Crohn's disease by utilizing a rapid and precise biosensor system as an alternative to conventional detection techniques. Utilization of an S100 A8 targeting aptamer for the specific identification of calprotectin, a well‐established biomarker associated with Crohn's disease was used as a biorecognition receptor. The aptamer is immobilized on gold nanoparticles via cysteamine and avidin to construct a biosensor. The biosensor was compared with traditional quantitative lateral‐flow tests (QLFA). The developed biosensor demonstrates that detection in 900 seconds. Performance parameters, including a limit of detection (LOD) as 5.57 μg/g and a limit of quantification (LOQ) as 16.89 μg/g, are determined through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Accordingly, the calibration curve equation was calculated as y=3.9736x + 1570.4 and the regression coefficient was found as R2=0.9917. These results showed that biosensor‘s capability to reliably measure calprotectin levels in real samples.
Evaluation of Potential Effects of Increased Outdoor Temperatures Due to Global Warming on Cerebral Blood Flow Rate and Respiratory Function in Chronic Obstructive Disease and Anemia
Authors: Bozkurt Surhan , Bozkurt Selim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlobal warming due to increased outdoor carbon dioxide (CO2) levels may cause several health problems such as headaches, cognitive impairment, or kidney dysfunction. It is predicted that further increases in CO2 levels will increase the morbidity and mortality of patients affected by a variety of diseases. For instance, patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) may suffer cognitive impairments or intracranial bleeding due to an increased cerebral blood flow rate. Predicting the harmful effects of global warming on human health will help to take measures for potential problems. Therefore, the quantification of physiological parameters is an essential step to investigate the effects of global warming on human health. In this study, the effects of increased outdoor temperatures due to climate change on cerebral blood flow rate and respiratory function in healthy subjects and COPD patients with anemia and respiratory acidosis are evaluated utilizing numerical simulations. The numerical model simulates cardiac function and blood circulation in systemic, pulmonary and cerebral circulations, cerebral autoregulatory functions, respiratory function, alveolar gas exchange, oxygen (O2) and CO2 contents, and hemoglobin levels in the blood. The simulation results show that although the cardiovascular function is not significantly altered, the respiratory function and cerebral blood flow rates are altered remarkably.
Clinical utility of six serum tumor markers for the diagnosis of lung cancer
Authors: Yang Yongchang , Chang Shuai , Wang Na , Song Pengfei , Wei Haijing , Liu Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the increasing prevalence of lung cancer, it has become imperative to identify reliable biomarkers that can aid in early detection and prognosis assessment. Therefore, we sought to investigate the potential utility of six serum tumor markers as diagnostic and prognostic tools for lung cancer patients. By analyzing a large cohort of patients with different stages and subtypes of lung cancer, we hoped to shed light on the predictive value and accuracy of each marker individually, as well as their combined performance. This study should not only provide valuable insights into the biology and pathogenesis of lung cancer but also pave the way for personalized treatment strategies based on individual patient profiles.MethodsThe serum levels of the tumor markers progastrin‐releasing peptide (ProGRP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21‐1), carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) were meticulously assessed in a cohort comprising 324 individuals diagnosed with lung cancer and an additional 51 patients with benign lung disease. The measurements were conducted using cutting‐edge techniques such as ELISA, electrochemical luminescence, and chemiluminescence methods. Differences between groups and the impact of these markers on lung cancer diagnosis were analyzed.ResultsThe serum levels of ProGRP, NSE, and CEA were significantly higher in lung cancer patients than in patients with benign lung disease (p < 0.01). NSE had the highest sensitivity for squamous cell carcinomas (SC), while CEA had the highest sensitivity for adenocarcinomas (AC). ProGRP and NSE had higher sensitivities than other markers for small cell carcinomas (SCC). Combining the six tumor markers resulted in higher sensitivities for SC (70.6%), AC (77.4%), and SCC (80%) compared with any single test. Receiver operator characteristic analysis showed that ProGRP and NSE had a greater area under the curve (AUC) in SCC (0.886 and 0.775) than SC and AC, while CEA had a higher AUC in AC (0.716), and NSE had a higher AUC than other markers in SC (0.719).ConclusionsProGRP and NSE are effective serum tumor markers for SCC, whereas CEA and NSE may aid in the diagnosis of AC and SC. Combining the detection of ProGRP, NSE, CYFRA21‐1, CEA, and SCCA significantly improves sensitivity when diagnosing lung cancer.
Tetraspanin 15 depletion impairs extracellular vesicle docking at target neurons
Authors: Stajano Daniele , Lombino Franco L. , Schweizer Michaela , Glatzel Markus , Saftig Paul , Gromova Kira V. , Kneussel Matthias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNeurons in the central nervous system release extracellular vesicles (EVs) and exosomes in response to synaptic activity to regulate physiological processes at target neurons. The intercellular transfer of proteins, mRNAs, lipids or metabolites through EVs potentially modulates the structure and function of neurons and circuits. Whereas the biogenesis of EVs, their release from donor cells, and their molecular composition have been studied extensively, the critical factors and mechanisms regulating EV interactions with target cells are incompletely understood.Here, we identified tetraspanin 15 (Tspan15) as a component of tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein (TSG101)‐ and CD81‐positive EV fractions. Tspan15 fluorescent fusion proteins were released from donor cells and interacted with target cells together with the exosomal marker CD63. EVs collected from wildtype cortical neurons (WT‐EVs) underwent similar association with target neurons derived from either wildtype (+/+) or Tspan15 knockout (−/−) mice. In contrast, target cell interactions of EVs collected from Tspan15 (−/−) cortical donor neurons (KO‐EVs) were significantly impaired, as compared to WT‐EVs. Our data suggest that Tspan15 is dispensable at target neuron plasma membranes, but is required at the EV surface to promote EV docking at target neurons.
Cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes in acute myeloid leukemia: Monitoring prognosis and guiding treatment choice
Authors: Lu Mengjiao , Yu Xialei , Hu Jingyan , Wang Jiajing , Wang Taozuo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCytotoxic T‐lymphocyte (CTL)‐mediated therapy has become the central theme of cancer immunotherapy. The present study emphasized the role of CTLs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and aimed to understand the role of CTLs cytogenetic markers in monitoring AML prognostic outcomes and clinical treatment responses.MethodsSeurat was employed to analyze single‐cell RNA sequencing data in GSE116256. CellChat was used to detect cell–cell interactions to determine the central role of CTLs. The marker genes of CTLs were extracted and randomForestSRC was employed to construct a random forest model. The prognosis, immune checkpoint expression, immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity of AML patients were evaluated according to the model.ResultsSeven types of cellular components of AML were identified in GSE116256, and CTLs radiated the most interactions with other cell types. Random forest analysis screened out six marker genes for construction of the model. The risk score calculated according to the model was positively correlated with immune score, immune cell infiltration, expression of multiple immune checkpoints and immune effect pathway. The response rate of immunotherapy was significantly higher and more sensitive to 14 drugs in high‐risk samples than in low‐risk samples, whereas low‐risk patients showed a higher sensitivity to six drugs.ConclusionsThe present study emphasized the central role of CTLs in cell communication and established a random forest regression model based on its cytogenetic markers, which helps to stratify the prognosis of AML, promotes the understanding of the phenotype of AML and may also guide the treatment choice of AML patients, which contributed to stratification of AML prognosis, promoted understanding of the phenotype of AML and may guide treatment selection in patients with AML.
A new climatology of South American extratropical cyclogenesis with an intercomparison among ERA5, JRA55 and the Brazilian Navy
Authors: Dalanhese Luthiene , Stuivenvolt‐Allen Jacob , LaPlante Matthew , Wang Shih‐Yu , Costa Thales Lessa , da Silva Heloisa Dias Ferreira , Belem Andre Luiz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn South America, the most destructive extratropical cyclones occur over the southeastern quadrant of the continent, a region that includes some of the world's largest population centres. However, there are few studies of cyclogenesis in this region, and little is known about how the varying origins of these storms impact subsequent behaviour. By supplementing an observational record with current reanalysis data, this study reveals the general characteristics of cyclones that develop in the lee regions of the Andes and those that develop nearer the Atlantic coast. The comparative climatologies demonstrate that cyclone development in these separate contexts is driven by topography, local atmospheric circulations and basin‐scale climate oscillations. The analysis further reveals a low‐frequency seesaw of lee and coastal cyclogenesis, with cross‐basin ocean temperature differences playing a teleconnectional role.
Deficiency of salt‐inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) promotes immune injury by inhibiting the maturation of lymphocytes
Authors: Zhu Jiaojiao , Li Chao , Wang Ping , Liu Yuhao , Li Zhongqiu , Chen Zhongmin , Zhang Ying , Wang Bin , Li Xueping , Yan Ziyan , Liang Xinxin , Zhou Shenghui , Ao Xingkun , Zhu Maoxiang , Zhou Pingkun , Gu Yongqing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSalt‐inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinases of the AMPK/SNF1 family, which has important roles in cell cycle, tumor, melanogenesis, neuronal damage repair and apoptosis. Recent studies showed that SIK2 regulates the macrophage polarization to make a balance between inflammation and macrophage. Macrophage is critical to initiate immune regulation, however, whether SIK2 can be involved in immune regulation is not still well understood. Here, we revealed that the protein of SIK2 was highly expressed in thymus, spleen, lung, and brain. And SIK2 protein content increased in RAW264.7 and AHH1 cells with a time and dose‐dependent after‐ionizing radiation (IR). Inhibition of SIK2 could promote AHH1 cells apoptosis Moreover, we used the Cre‐LoxP system to construct the SIK2+/− mice, and the research on function suggested that the deficiency of SIK2 could promote the sensitivity of IR. The deficiency of SIK2 promoted the immune injury via inhibiting the maturation of T cells and B cells. Furthermore, the TCRβ rearrangement was inhibited by the deficiency of SIK2. Collectively, this study demonstrated that SIK2 provides an essential function of regulating immune injury, which will provide new ideas for the treatment of immune injury‐related diseases.