bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing inequalities in the identification and management of perinatal mental health difficulties: The perspectives of minoritised women, healthcare practitioners and the voluntary sector
Authors: Darwin Zoe , Blower Sarah L. , Nekitsing Chandani , Masefield Sarah , Razaq Rifat , Padgett Louise , Endacott Charlotte , Willan Kathryn , Dickerson Josie 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundPerinatal mental health (PMH) difficulties affect approximately one in five birthing women. If not identified and managed appropriately, these PMH difficulties can carry impacts across generations, affecting mental health and relationship outcomes. There are known inequalities in identification and management across the healthcare pathway. Whilst barriers and facilitators have been identified there is a lack of clarity about how these relate to the avoidable and unfair inequalities experienced by various groups of women. Further research is required to understand how to address inequalities in PMH.AimTo understand the key factors that enable and hinder access to PMH care for women from minoritised groups across the PMH care pathway, and how these have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA sequential mixed-methods approach gathered views and experiences from stakeholders in one region in northern England. This included an online survey with 145 NHS healthcare practitioners and semi-structured interviews with 19 women from ethnic minority and/or socio-economically deprived backgrounds who had experienced PMH difficulties, and 12 key informants from the voluntary and community sector workforce. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and framework analysis was applied to qualitative data.FindingsBarriers and facilitators were mapped using a socio-technical framework to understand the role of (i) processes, (ii) people (organised as women, practitioners and others), (iii) technology, and (iv) the system as a whole in deepening or alleviating inequalities. Influences that were identified as pertinent to inequalities in identification and management included provision of interpreters, digital exclusion, stigma, disempowerment, distrust of services, practitioner attitudes, data capture, representation in the workforce, narrow rules of engagement and partnership working. Stakeholder groups expressed that several barriers were further compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic.DiscussionThe findings highlight the need for change at the system level to tackle inequalities across the PMH care pathway. Four inter-connected recommendations were developed to enable this systems change: building emotional safety between professionals and women; making PMH a part of core healthcare business; increasing cultural competency specific to PMH; and enhanced partnership working.
SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination rescues attenuated IgG1 memory B cell response in primary antibody deficiency patients
Authors: Lin Frank J. , Doss Alexa Michelle Altman , Davis-Adams Hannah G. , Adams Lucas J. , Hanson Christopher H. , VanBlargan Laura A. , Liang Chieh-Yu , Chen Rita E. , Monroy Jennifer Marie , Wedner H. James , Kulczycki Anthony , Mantia Tarisa L. , O’Shaughnessy Caitlin C. , Raju Saravanan , Zhao Fang R. , Rizzi Elise , Rigell Christopher J. , Dy Tiffany Biason , Kau Andrew L. , Ren Zhen , Turner Jackson S. , O’Halloran Jane A. , Presti Rachel M. , Fremont Daved H. , Kendall Peggy L. , Ellebedy Ali H. , Mudd Philip A. , Diamond Michael S. , Zimmerman Ofer , Laidlaw Brian J. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundAlthough SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have proven effective in eliciting a protective immune response in healthy individuals, their ability to induce a durable immune response in immunocompromised individuals remains poorly understood. Primary antibody deficiency (PAD) syndromes are among the most common primary immunodeficiency disorders in adults and are characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and impaired ability to mount robust antibody responses following infection or vaccination.MethodsHere, we present an analysis of both the B and T cell response in a prospective cohort of 30 individuals with PAD up to 150 days following initial COVID-19 vaccination and 150 days post mRNA booster vaccination.ResultsAfter the primary vaccination series, many of the individuals with PAD syndromes mounted SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B and CD4+ T cell responses that overall were comparable to healthy individuals. Nonetheless, individuals with PAD syndromes had reduced IgG1+ and CD11c+ memory B cell responses following the primary vaccination series, with the defect in IgG1 class-switching rescued following mRNA booster doses. Boosting also elicited an increase in the SARS-CoV-2-specific B and T cell response and the development of Omicron-specific memory B cells in COVID-19-naïve PAD patients. Individuals that lacked detectable B cell responses following primary vaccination did not benefit from booster vaccination.ConclusionTogether, these data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines elicit memory B and T cells in most PAD patients and highlights the importance of booster vaccination in immunodeficient individuals.
A metabolite attenuates neuroinflammation, synaptic loss and cognitive deficits induced by chronic infection of Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: He Yan , Xu Daxiang , Yan Ziyi , Wu Yongshuai , Zhang Yongsheng , Tian Xiaokang , Zhu Jinhang , Liu Zhuanzhuan , Cheng Wanpeng , Zheng Kuiyang , Yang Xiaoying , Yu Yinghua , Pan Wei 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundNeurodegenerative diseases including AD is currently one of intractable problems globally due to the insufficiency of intervention strategies. Long-term infection of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) can induce cognitive impairment in hosts, which is closely implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) and its produced metabolite itaconate (termed Acod1/itaconate axis), have recently attracted extensive interests due to its anti-inflammatory role in macrophages. However, whether the axis can influence cognitive function remains unknown. MethodsA chronic T. gondii-infected mice (C57BL/6J) model was established via administration of cysts by gavage. Novel location (NL), novel object recognition (NOR), Y-maze spatial memory and nest building tests were used to evaluate the behavior performance. Transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, western-blotting and RNA sequencing were utilized to determine the pathological changes, neuroinflammation and transcription profile in hippocampus tissues post infection, respectively. Moreover, the protective effect of Acod1/itaconate axis in T. gondii-induced cognitive deficits was evaluated.ResultsWe found that the latent infection of the parasite impaired the cognitive function, which was assessed behaviorally by novel location (NL), novel object recognition (NOR), Y-maze spatial memory and nest building tests. RNA sequencing of hippocampus showed that the infection downregulated the expression of genes related to synaptic plasticity, transmission and cognitive behavior. To our attention, the infection robustly upregulated the expression of genes associated with pro-inflammatory responses, which was characterized by microglia activation and disorder of Acod1/itaconate axis. Interestingly, administration of dimethyl itaconate (DI, an itaconate derivative with cell membrane permeability) could significantly ameliorate the cognitive deficits induced by T. gondii, which was proved by improvement of behavior performance and synaptic ultrastructure impairment, and lower accumulation of pro-inflammatory microglia. Notably, DI administration had a potential therapeutic effect on the cognitive deficits and synaptic impairment induced by the parasitic infection.ConclusionsOverall, these findings provide a novel insight for the pathogenesis of T. gondii-related cognitive deficits in hosts, and also provide a novel clue for the potential therapeutic strategies.
Novel neutralizing chicken IgY antibodies targeting 17 potent conserved peptides identified by SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray, and future prospects
Authors: Li Jin , Liang Te , Hei Ailian , Wang Xiangbin , Li Huijun , Yu Xiaobo , Zhao Rui , Gao Peng , Fang Cong , Zhou Ji , Li Maogang , He Ellen , Skog Sven 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionAn approach toward novel neutralizing IgY polyclonal antibodies (N-IgY-pAb) against SARS-CoV-2 S-ECD was developed. Material and methodsThe novel N-IgY-pAb and its intranasal spray response against the wild type (“‘WH-Human 1”) SARS-CoV-2 virus, variants of Delta or Omicron were up to 98%. Unique virus peptides binding to N-IgY-pAb were screened by a SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray.ResultsSeventeen mutation-free peptides with a Z-score &gt; 3.0 were identified as potent targets from a total of 966 peptides. The new findings show that one is in the RBM domain (461LKPFERDISTEIYQA475 ), two are in the NTD domain (21RTQLPPAYTNSFTRG35, 291CALDPLSETKCTLKS305) four are in the C1/2-terminal (561PFQQFGRDIADTTDA575,571DTTDAVRDPQTLEIL585,581TLEILDITPCSFGGV595, 661ECDIPIGAGICASYQ675 ), three are in the S1/S2 border (741YICGDSTECSNLLLQ755, 811KPSKRSFIEDLLFNK825, 821LLFNKVTLADAGFIK835) one target is in HR2 (1161SPDVDLGDISGINAS1175) and one is in HR2-TM (1201QELGKYEQYIKWPWY1215). Moreover, five potential peptides were in the NSP domain: nsp3-55 (1361SNEKQEILGTVSWNL1375), nsp14-50 (614HHANEYRLYLDAYNM642, ORF10-3 (21MNSRNYIAQVDVVNFNLT38, ORF7a-1(1MKIILFLALITLATC15) and ORF7a-12 (1116TLCFTLKRKTE121).Discussion and conclusionWe concluded that the N-IgY-pAb could effectively neutralize the SARS-CoV-2. The new findings of seventeen potent conserved peptides are extremely important for developing new vaccines and “cocktails” of neutralizing Abs for efficient treatments for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
The safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with myasthenia gravis: A scoping review
Authors: Peng Siyang , Tian Yukun , Meng Linghao , Fang Ruiying , Chang Weiqian , Yang Yajing , Li Shaohong , Shen Qiqi , Ni Jinxia , Zhu Wenzeng 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccines are required for individuals with myasthenia gravis (MG), as these patients are more likely to experience severe pneumonia, myasthenia crises, and higher mortality rate. However, direct data on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with MG are lacking, which results in hesitation in vaccination. This scoping was conducted to collect and summarize the existing evidence on this issue.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for studies using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Article titles, authors, study designs, demographics of patients, vaccination information, adverse events (AEs), significant findings, and conclusions of included studies were recorded and summarized.ResultsTwenty-nine studies conducted in 16 different countries in 2021 and 2022 were included. Study designs included case report, case series, cohort study, cross-sectional study, survey-based study, chart review, and systemic review. A total of 1347 patients were included. The vaccines used included BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, inactivated vaccines, and recombinant subunit vaccines. Fifteen case studies included 48 patients reported that 23 experienced new-onset, and five patients experienced flare of symptoms. Eleven other types of studies included 1299 patients reported that nine patients experienced new-onset, and 60 participants experienced flare of symptoms. Common AEs included local pain, fatigue, asthenia, cephalalgia, fever, and myalgia. Most patients responded well to treatment without severe sequelae. Evidence gaps include limited strength of study designs, type and dose of vaccines varied, inconsistent window of risk and exacerbation criteria, limited number of participants, and lack of efficacy evaluation.ConclusionCOVID-19 vaccines may cause new-onset or worsening of MG in a small proportion of population. Large-scale, multicenter, prospective, and rigorous studies are required to verify their safety.
Risk stratification in patients with upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors undergoing submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection
Authors: Lv Yong , Li Shaohua , Lv Xiuhe , Liu Qing , Zheng Yu , Su Yang , Yang Changbin , Pan Yanglin , Yao Liping , Xie Huahong 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundA substantial heterogeneity exists in patients with upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors (SMTs). This study aimed to identify predictors of long procedure time (≥60 min), occurrence of procedure-related complications, and long hospital stay (≥6 days) in patients with SMTs undergoing submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection (STER) and stratify risk based on the predictors.MethodsSixty-six consecutive patients with upper gastrointestinal SMTs undergoing STER between January 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively included. Binary logistic regression models were developed to identify predictors of outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the discrimination of tumor size.ResultsComplete resection and en bloc resection of tumor were achieved in 66 (100%) and 64 patients (97%), respectively. Twenty-seven patients (41%) had a long procedure time, 10 (15%) developed STER-related complications, and 17 (26%) had a long hospital stay. On multivariable analysis, tumor size was an independent predictor of long procedure time (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.13–1.67; p = 0.001), occurrence of complications (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.10; p = 0.012), and long hospital stay (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.09; p = 0.035). ROC curves identified a tumor of size 25 mm as the best cutoff; those who had a tumor above this value had a 76-fold risk of long procedure time, 8.56-fold risk of occurrence of complications, and 6.35-fold risk of long hospital stay.ConclusionPatients with a tumor size ≥25 mm had longer procedure time, higher risk of STER-related complications, and longer hospital stay; therefore, they should be classified as a high-risk group.
Efficacy of topical and systemic treatments for atopic dermatitis on pruritus: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rodriguez-Le Roy Youna , Ficheux Anne-Sophie , Misery Laurent , Brenaut Emilie 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionPruritus is a major and burdensome symptom in atopic dermatitis (AD). The number of systemic treatments available for AD has increased recently, enabling improved patient relief.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of AD treatments on pruritus.MethodsA systematic literature review and a meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of treatment used in AD on pruritus. PubMed and Embase databases were searched to find articles published between January 1990 and December 2021. Topical and systemic treatments were studied in patients aged ≥10 years.ResultsAmong the 448 articles identified, 56 studies were retained in the systematic review. A total of 15 studies evaluated topical treatments: topical corticosteroids (TCS; 2), calcineurin inhibitors (6), PDE4 inhibitors (3), and Jak inhibitors (4). A total of five studies were included in the meta- analysis. All treatments had a positive effect on pruritus, with a mean overall reduction of 3.32/10, 95% IC [2.32–4.33]. The greatest reduction was observed with halometasone (mean: 4.75), followed by tofacitinib 2% (mean: 4.38). A total of 41 studies evaluated systemic therapies: cyclosporine (6), phototherapy (5), azathioprine (2), dupilumab (9), anti-IL 13 (5), nemolizumab (3), Jak inhibitors (9), mepolizumab (1), and apremilast (1). A total of 17 studies were included in 2 meta-analyses according to the concomitant use or not of TCS. In the meta-analysis without TCS, the overall decrease was 3.07/10, 95% IC [2.58–3.56]. The molecules with the highest efficacy on pruritus were upadacitinib 30 mg (mean: 4.90) and nemolizumab (mean: 4.81).DiscussionThe therapeutic arsenal for AD has increased rapidly, and many molecules are under development. The primary endpoint of clinical trials is most often a score that assesses the severity of AD; however, the assessment of pruritus is also essential. The majority of molecules have a positive effect on pruritus, but the improvement varies between them. Efficacy on pruritus is not always correlated with efficacy on AD lesions; therefore, these two criteria are crucial to evaluate. The limitations of this study were the heterogeneity in the assessment of pruritus, the moment of the assessment, and the concomitant application of TCS or not for studies evaluating systemics. In the future, it would be useful to use standardized criteria for assessing pruritus.
Touching body, soul, and spirit? Understanding external applications from integrative medicine: A mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Mühlenpfordt Inga , Blakeslee Sarah B. , Everding Janina , Cramer Holger , Seifert Georg , Stritter Wiebke 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionExternal applications from anthroposophic medicine (EAAM) are touch-based applications such as rhythmical massages, embrocations, and compresses that serve as components of complementary treatment concepts for various diseases. The aim of this review is to gain an understanding of typical indications and outcomes and to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of EAAM.Materials and methodsMedline/PubMed, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched through May 2021 and supplemented by searches in specialized databases and personal requests to experts in the field. Studies and case reports on EAAM in patients, as well as healthy individuals, were included in the qualitative synthesis. Outcome parameters depending on each study were grouped as effect themes and assigned to study clusters using Thematic Analysis for a thematic overview of effect patterns.ResultsFour RCTs, 7 cohort studies, 1 mixed-methods, 1 retrospective, 4 qualitative studies, 3 case series, and 25 case reports on EAAM were identified. The analysis indicated various effects of EAAM on physiological as well as psychological health indicators and patterns of effect development. Study quality was found to be high for only 2 studies, and moderate for 1 study, and all remaining 45 studies showed a moderate or high risk of bias or were not ratable with used rating tools.ConclusionThe included studies present a wide range of potential indications for EAAM, while showing methodological drawbacks. To determine whether EAAM can be considered an effective treatment option, clinical studies exploring the effect of different EAAM modalities on defined patient groups are recommended for the future.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=214030], identifier [CRD42020214030].
Study on the drug resistance and pathogenicity of Escherichia coli isolated from calf diarrhea and the distribution of virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance genes
Authors: Jia Yan , Mao Wei , Liu Bo , Zhang Shuangyi , Cao Jinshan , Xu Xiaojing 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe unscientific and irrational use of antimicrobial drugs in dairy farms has led to the emergence of more serious drug resistance in Escherichia coli.MethodsIn this study, cases of calf diarrhea in cattle farms around the Hohhot area were studied, and Escherichia coli were identified by PCR and biochemical methods, while the distribution of virulence and drug resistance genes of the isolates was analyzed.ResultsThe results showed that 21 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from the diseased materials, and the isolation rate was 60%. The isolated strains belong to 15 ST types. The drug resistance levels of the isolated strains to 20 kinds of antimicrobial agent viz., penicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefepime, cefoxitin, and ceftriaxone were more than 50%. The resistance rate to meropenem was 10%. The resistance rates to tetracycline and doxycycline were 33% and 29%, to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and enrofloxacin were 48%, 33%, and 33%, to amikacin, kanamycin and gentamicin were 19%, 24% and 38%, to cotrimoxazole and erythromycin were 48% and 15%, to florfenicol, chloramphenicol and polymyxin B were 29%, 33%, and 5%. Nine strains of pathogenic calf diarrhea Escherichia coli were isolated by mouse pathogenicity test. The detection rates of virulence genes for the adhesion class were fimC (95%), IuxS (95%), eaeA (76%), fimA (62%), ompA (52%), and flu (24%). The detection rates for iron transporter protein like virulence genes were iroN (33%), iutA (19%), fyuA (14%), irp5 (9.5%), Iss (9.5%), and iucD (9.5%). The detection rates for toxin-like virulence genes were phoA (90%), Ecs3703 (57%), ropS (33%), hlyF (14%), and F17 (9.5%). The detection rates of tetracycline resistance genes in isolated strains were tetB (29%), tetA (19%) and tetD (14%). The detection rates for fluoroquinolone resistance genes were parC (Y305H, P333S, R355G) (9.5%), gyrA (S83L, D87N) (28%), qnrD (43%), and qnrS (9.5%). The detection rates for β-lactam resistance genes were blaCTX–M (29%), blaTEM (29%), and blaSHV (9.5%). The detection rates for aminoglycoside resistance genes were strA-B (57%), aacC (33%), aac(3′)-IIa (29%), and aadAI (24%). The detection rates of chloramphenicol resistance genes floR and sulfa resistance genes sul2 were 24 and 33%.ConclusionPathogenic Escherichia coli causing diarrhea in calves contain abundant virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes.
ERK phosphorylation disrupts the intramolecular interaction of capicua to promote cytoplasmic translocation of capicua and tumor growth
Authors: Park Jongmin , Park Guk-Yeol , Lee Jongeun , Park Joonyoung , Kim Soeun , Kim Eunjeong , Park Seung-Yeol , Yoon Jong Hyuk , Lee Yoontae 
Published: December 2022

Activation of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling inactivates capicua (CIC), a transcriptional repressor that functions as a tumor suppressor, via degradation and/or cytoplasmic translocation. Although CIC is known to be inactivated by phosphorylation, the mechanisms underlying the cytoplasmic translocation of CIC remain poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the roles of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p90RSK, and c-SRC in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation-induced cytoplasmic translocation of CIC and further investigated the molecular basis for this process. We found that nuclear ERK induced the cytoplasmic translocation of CIC-S. We identified 12 serine and threonine (S/T) residues within CIC, including S173 and S301 residues that are phosphorylated by p90RSK, which contribute to the cytoplasmic translocation of CIC-S when phosphorylated. The amino-terminal (CIC-S-N) and carboxyl-terminal (CIC-S-C) regions of CIC-S were found to interact with each other to promote their nuclear localization. EGF treatment disrupted the interaction between CIC-S-N and CIC-S-C and induced their cytoplasmic translocation. Alanine substitution for the 12 S/T residues blocked the cytoplasmic translocation of CIC-S and consequently enhanced the tumor suppressor activity of CIC-S. Our study demonstrates that ERK-mediated disruption of intramolecular interaction of CIC is critical for the cytoplasmic translocation of CIC, and suggests that the nuclear retention of CIC may represent a strategy for cancer therapy.