bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness, safety, and predictors of response to ultrasound‐guided stellate ganglion blockades for the treatment of patients with chronic migraine: A retrospective and observational study
Authors: Yu Bin , Zhang Wei , Zhao Chunmei , Xing Yan , Meng Lan , Luo Fang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhether ultrasound‐guided stellate ganglion block (SGB) is a valuable therapeutic option for the treatment of patients with chronic migraine (CM) is worth exploring. If SGB is proven to be effective for CM, the identification of potential predictors for the effectiveness of SGB warrants further investigation. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of SGB in patients with CM and to explore the predictive factors for its treatment effectiveness.MethodsThis is a retrospective observational study. We retrospectively analyzed the effects of SGB for the treatment of patients with CM under ultrasound guidance, between January 2018 and June 2022. The follow‐up time was approximately 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months after the last SGBs. The response criterion was defined as a reduction in pain intensity of > 50% measured using the most severe numerical rating scale (NRS) score compared to pretreatment baseline, without an increase in the dose or the type of analgesic or anxiolytic/antidepressant medication, otherwise unresponsive to SGB. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify the predictive factors for SGB response.ResultsNinety‐seven patients were included in this study. SGB was effective in most of the CM patients, with an effective rate of 90.7%, 82.5%, and 71.1% after 1, 2, and 3 months of the last SGBs, respectively. At 3‐month follow‐up, 95.7% responsive patients benefited from repeated SGBs. In patients receiving repeated SGB treatments, the number of SGBs in responsive patients was significantly greater than those in patients with no response at 3‐month follow‐up (3.41 ± 1.31 vs. 2.68 ± 0.67, p = 0.02). Comorbid anxiety or depression was a negative predictor of SGB effectiveness at 3‐month follow‐up (B = −0.25, 95% CI −0.45 to −0.05, p = 0.01). The overall adverse events rate associated with ultrasound‐guided SGB was 9.3%. There were no serious complications; all adverse events were transient, with hoarseness being the most common adverse event.ConclusionsUltrasound‐guided SGB was an effective and safe treatment for CM patients. The majority of responsive patients with CM benefited from repeated SGBs. CM patients who needed repeated SGBs may obtain good and sustained analgesic effect after receiving a greater number of SGBs. Patients without comorbidities such as anxiety or depression were more likely to benefit from SGB treatments.
Single‐cell transcriptomic analyses reveal cellular and molecular patterns of rubber tree response to early powdery mildew infection
Authors: Liang Xiaoyu , Ma Zhan , Ke Yuhang , Wang Jiali , Wang Lifeng , Qin Bi , Tang Chaorong , Liu Mingyang , Xian Xuemei , Yang Ye , Wang Meng , Zhang Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs a perennial woody plant, the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) must adapt to various environmental challenges through gene expression in multiple cell types. It is still unclear how genes in this species are expressed at the cellular level and the precise mechanisms by which cells respond transcriptionally to environmental stimuli, especially in the case of pathogen infection. Here, we characterized the transcriptomes in Hevea leaves during early powdery mildew infection using single‐cell RNA sequencing. We identified 10 cell types and constructed the first single‐cell atlas of Hevea leaves. Distinct gene expression patterns of the cell clusters were observed under powdery mildew infection, which was especially significant in the epidermal cells. Most of the genes involved in host–pathogen interactions in epidermal cells exhibited a pattern of dramatically increased expression with increasing pseudotime. Interestingly, we found that the HbCNL2 gene, encoding a nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat protein, positively modulated the defence of rubber leaves against powdery mildew. Overexpression of the HbCNL2 gene triggered a typical cell death phenotype in tobacco leaves and a higher level of reactive oxygen species in the protoplasts of Hevea leaves. The HbCNL2 protein was located in the cytomembrane and nucleus, and its leucine‐rich repeat domain interacted with the histidine kinase‐like ATPase domain of the molecular chaperone HbHSP90 in the nucleus. Collectively, our results provide the first observation of the cellular and molecular responses of Hevea leaves to biotrophic pathogen infection and can guide the identification of disease‐resistance genes in this important tree species.
Hyponatremia and mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Miyauchi Takamasa , Nishiwaki Hiroki , Mizukami Aya , Yazawa Masahiko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis examined the relationship between hyponatremia and worse outcomes in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.MethodsThe MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases were used to search for relevant articles. The target population was patients on maintenance hemodialysis (those undergoing hemodialysis for ≥60 days). The defined outcomes were death, cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline, and falls. Meta‐analysis was performed with a random‐effects model of pairwise comparisons of normonatremia and hyponatremia defined for each study, 1‐mmol/L increment of sodium analysis, and dose–response analysis using the sodium concentration defined for each study. This study was registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42018087667).ResultsThirteen articles were included. The pairwise analysis revealed that the hazard ratio for all‐cause mortality was 1.45 (95% confidence interval, 1.31–1.61). The analysis of 1‐mmol/L increment of sodium included six studies with a hazard ratio for all‐cause mortality of 0.94 (95% confidence interval, 0.91–0.97) for each 1‐mmol/L increase in the serum sodium concentration. In the dose–response analysis, assuming a linear relationship, a sodium increment of 1 mmol/L revealed a hazard ratio for all‐cause mortality of 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.96–0.98). Other outcomes could not be integrated.ConclusionsHyponatremia is associated with all‐cause mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Healthcare providers should pay special attention to even the slightest indication of hyponatremia.
High‐titer post‐vaccine COVID‐19 convalescent plasma for immunocompromised patients during the first omicron surge
Authors: Tayyar Ralph , Wong Lisa Kanata , Dahlen Alex , Shu Elaine , Pandey Suchitra , Liu Anne Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransplant and hematologic malignancy patients have high Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) mortality and impaired vaccination responses. Omicron variant evades several monoclonal antibodies previously used in immunocompromised patients. Polyclonal COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) may provide broader neutralizing capacity against new variants at high titers. Vaccination increases severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) titer in convalescent donors.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of hospitalized immunocompromised patients with COVID‐19 who received high‐titer CCP during the first omicron surge, collected from vaccinated donors within 6 months of pre‐omicron COVID‐19. Data on safety and outcomes were extracted.ResultsA total of 44 immunocompromised patients were included, 59.1% with solid organ transplant, 22.7% with hematopoietic cell transplant, 11.4% with hematologic malignancy, and 6.8% with autoimmune disease. Overall, 95% of CCP units transfused were from recently recovered and vaccinated donors and had SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody results 8‐ to 37‐fold higher than the Food and Drug Administration's cutoff for high‐titer CCP. There were two mild transfusion reactions. A total of 30‐day mortality was 4.5%. There were no differences in 100‐day mortality by underlying diagnosis, levels of immunosuppression, and timing of CCP administration. Patients with higher immunosuppression had significantly higher mean World Health Organization clinical progression scores at 30‐day post‐CCP compared to those with lower immunosuppression.ConclusionsCCP is a safe, globally available treatment for immunocompromised patients with COVID‐19. Mortality was lower in our cohort than that of COVID‐19 patients with similar immunocompromising conditions. Post‐vaccine CCP with very high titers should be prioritized for study in immunocompromised patients. Post‐vaccine CCP has the potential to keep pace with new variants by overcoming mutations at sufficiently high titer.
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Phosphorylation of Janus kinase 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and 6 in keratinocytes of canine atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ikai Mari , Murakami Mami , Kanei Toshitaka , Asahina Ryota , Iwata Munetaka , Kamishina Hiroaki , Maeda Sadatoshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCanine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a disease associated with Type 2 helper T (Th2) immune responses in the acute phase of the disease. In humans, keratinocytes are activated by Th2 cytokines via the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. However, the activation of keratinocytes by Th2 cytokines in cAD has not yet been demonstrated.Hypothesis/objectivesTo evaluate keratinocyte activation based on the phosphorylation (p) of JAK1, STAT3 and STAT6.AnimalsSeven dogs with cAD and three healthy dogs.Materials and methodsImmunohistochemical analysis was performed to detect pJAK1, pSTAT3 and pSTAT6 in keratinocytes in normal canine skin, and the skin of atopic dogs. In the latter group samples were collected from both primary and secondary lesions, and nonaffected skin.ResultsThe percentage of pJAK1‐positive keratinocytes was significantly higher in primary cAD lesions than in healthy skin (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in pSTAT3‐positive keratinocytes among the groups. The percentage of pSTAT6‐positive keratinocytes was significantly higher in primary and secondary lesions than in healthy skin (p < 0.05, respectively).Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe novel finding in this study was the activation of keratinocytes as demonstrated by the phosphorylation of JAK1/STATs in lesional and nonlesional cAD skin. These results suggest the potential of not only JAK1, but also of STAT6 as therapeutic targets for cAD.
The effect of an aiming device on the accuracy of humeral transcondylar screw placement
Authors: Neal Katherine M. , Gallaher Hayley M. , Thompson Alexis , Kerby Mary D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectives(1) To evaluate the accuracy of an aiming device on placement of humeral transcondylar screws compared to fluoroscopic methods. (2) To compare experience level on outcome.Study designRandomized, match pair, prospective ex‐vivo study.Sample populationA total of 68 dogs.MethodsCanine cadaveric forelimbs were randomly assigned to either aiming device or fluoroscopic‐guided groups, and to diplomate or resident. Digital radiography was used to evaluate screw trajectory deviation and eccentricity on the humeral condyle. Procedure time, outcome based on experience, and complications were recorded.ResultsThe aiming device screw trajectory angle was decreased in the right limb (1.9 ± 1.1°) compared with the left (3.6 ± 1.1°, p = .0178), and compared to fluoroscopy (3.4 ± 1.1° p = .0128). There was no difference between leg laterality with fluoroscopy (p = .9979). Trajectory angle was increased with resident versus diplomate (3.4 ± 1.1° and 2.5 ± 1.1° respectively, p = .0366). Eccentricity deviation was decreased using fluoroscopy versus aiming device (3.1 ± 0.36 mm, 4.2 ± 0.36 mm, respectively, p = .0017). The risk of joint involvement was 8 times greater in aiming device groups, though not significant (p = .0575). Significant complications included increased drill attempts in fluoroscopic groups (p = .0237).ConclusionThe aiming device provided accurate placement of transcondylar screws, in terms of both position on the condyle and trajectory angle. Results were similar to fluoroscopic‐guided method.Clinical significanceAn aiming device is an acceptable means of placing humeral transcondylar screws. The use of the aiming device had an eight times increased risk of joint involvement compared to fluoroscopy.
Editorial: Studies in Media and Communication Special Issue on Language and Education in Communication
Authors: Herman Herman , Purba Ridwin , Ngongo Magdalena 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThis special issue focuses on research articles on the range of Language studies, literature, education and communication. We particularly encourage the submission of works that critically examine the use of educational technology or utilize language and linguistics in a practical way. The topics covered are Language and Social interaction, Semiotics, Applied linguistics, Systemic Functional Linguistics, literature and various scope of communication.AcknowledgementsList here those individuals who provided help during the research; Identify grants or other financial support (and the source, if appropriate) for your study.Guest editors’ biographyA. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Herman, S.Pd., M.Pd.Herman is an Associate Professor and a lecturer at Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, Indonesia. He completed his studying from Doctoral degree from Universitas Negeri Medan in 2020. His interest in reading and writing. His majorities are applied linguistics, linguistics (including discourse analysis, multimodal analysis) and Education B. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Drs. Ridwin Purba, M.Pd., M.DivRidwin Purba is a senior lecturer in Universitas Simalungun, Indonesia. He has been teaching there since 1987 and as a senior lecturer. He completed his studying of Doctoral degree in 2022. He is interested in the scope of linguistics (including sociolinguistics, ecolinguistics) and some applied linguistics C. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dra. Magdalena Ngongo, M.Pd.Magdalena Ngongo has been a lecturer of English teaching at Universitas Kristen Artha Wacana in Kupang since 1987. She is an associate professor. She has a backgraound of educational research in linguistics including culture, ecology of language, and systemic functional linguistics. Besides doing research, she also wrote some books relating to some educational research methods.MembersProf. Amrin Saragih, M.A., Ph.D., Universitas Negeri Medan, IndonesiaAssoc. Prof. Dr. Anita Purba, M.Hum., Universitas Simalungun, IndonesiaAssoc. Prof. Nguyen Van Thao, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2, VietnamAssoc. Prof. Dr. Bloner Sinurat, M.Hum., Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaDumaris E. Silalahi, S.Pd., M.Pd., Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaMartin Yehezkiel Sianipar, S.E., M.Si., STIE Sultan Agung, IndonesiaProf. Dr. Sanggam Siahaan, M.Hum., Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, Indonesia
An evolutionarily conserved pacemaker role for HCN ion channels in smooth muscle
Authors: Yang Lei , Arbona Rodolfo J. Ricart , Smith Carl S. , Banks Kelly M. , Thomas V. Kaye , Palmer Lawrence , Evans Todd , Hurtado Romulo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough hyperpolarization‐activated cation (HCN) ion channels are well established to underlie cardiac pacemaker activity, their role in smooth muscle organs remains controversial. HCN‐expressing cells are localized to renal pelvic smooth muscle (RPSM) pacemaker tissues of the murine upper urinary tract and HCN channel conductance is required for peristalsis. To date, however, the Ih pacemaker current conducted by HCN channels has never been detected in these cells, raising questions on the identity of RPSM pacemakers. Indeed, the RPSM pacemaker mechanisms of the unique multicalyceal upper urinary tract exhibited by humans remains unknown. Here, we developed immunopanning purification protocols and demonstrate that 96% of isolated HCN+ cells exhibit Ih. Single‐molecule STORM to whole‐tissue imaging showed HCN+ cells express single HCN channels on their plasma membrane and integrate into the muscular syncytium. By contrast, PDGFR‐α+ cells exhibiting the morphology of ICC gut pacemakers were shown to be vascular mural cells. Translational studies in the homologous human and porcine multicalyceal upper urinary tracts showed that contractions and pacemaker depolarizations originate in proximal calyceal RPSM. Critically, HCN+ cells were shown to integrate into calyceal RPSM pacemaker tissues, and HCN channel block abolished electrical pacemaker activity and peristalsis of the multicalyceal upper urinary tract. Cumulatively, these studies demonstrate that HCN ion channels play a broad, evolutionarily conserved pacemaker role in both cardiac and smooth muscle organs and have implications for channelopathies as putative aetiologies of smooth muscle disorders.
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Pacemakers trigger contractions of involuntary muscles. Hyperpolarization‐activated cation (HCN) ion channels underpin cardiac pacemaker activity, but their role in smooth muscle organs remains controversial.
Renal pelvic smooth muscle (RPSM) pacemakers trigger contractions that propel waste away from the kidney. HCN+ cells localize to murine RPSM pacemaker tissue and HCN channel conductance is required for peristalsis.
The HCN (Ih) current has never been detected in RPSM cells, raising doubt whether HCN+ cells are bona fide pacemakers. Moreover, the pacemaker mechanisms of the unique multicalyceal RPSM of higher order mammals remains unknown.
In total, 97% of purified HCN+ RPSM cells exhibit Ih. HCN+ cells integrate into the RPSM musculature, and pacemaker tissue peristalsis is dependent on HCN channels. Translational studies in human and swine demonstrate HCN channels are conserved in the multicalyceal RPSM and that HCN channels underlie pacemaker activity that drives peristalsis.
These studies provide insight into putative channelopathies that can underlie smooth muscle dysfunction.
A Particle Finite Element Method for Additive Manufacturing Simulations
Authors: Zhang Daobo , Rodriguez J. M. , Ye Xialong , Müller Ralf 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, the particle finite element method (PFEM) is extended to simulate additive manufacturing processes in a variety of different complicated geometries. A three-dimensional α-shape approach is used to carry out the material addition procedure. It overcomes the limitation of merely employing the traditional element birth and death technique and reduces the degrees-of-freedom compared to this technique. Furthermore, numerical examples are used to evaluate and demonstrate the applicability of the PFEM method for additive manufacturing within the framework of a weakly coupled thermoelasticity formulation. During additive manufacturing operations, deflections, stresses, and temperature are computed using a user-defined implementation in FEniCS.
Pose-Dependent Cutting Force Identification for Robotic Milling
Authors: Hou Maxiao , Cao Hongrui , Luo Yang , Guo Yanjie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCutting force identification is critical to improving industrial robot performance and reducing machining vibration. However, most indirect identification methods of cutting force are not applicable since the modal parameters of the robotic milling system vary with the robot pose. This paper presents a novel pose-dependent method to identify the cutting force using the acceleration signal generated by robotic milling. First, the modal parameters at different machining points are employed as a training dataset to develop the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model. Next, the modal parameters predicted by the GPR model are employed to optimize the cutting force estimation based on the minimum variance unbiased estimate method. Then, the Kalman filter method is employed to update the covariance matrix of the cutting force identification error and the state estimation error. Lastly, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified with robotic milling experiments, and the results show that the identification error and time are acceptable under the condition of variable robot pose.
Surface Characterization of Three-Dimensional Printed Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Following an In-Process Mechanical–Chemical Finishing Method
Authors: Nigam Aman , Tai Bruce L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) additive manufacturing has transformed fused filament fabrication (FFF) by manufacturing products with excellent mechanical characteristics. However, the surface finish and dimensional characteristics of printed FRP parts are typically poor due to protruding fibers and the stair-stepping effect. This parametric study examined an in-process combined mechanical plus chemical finishing technique to improve the surface finish of FRPs manufactured through FFF. This process is particularly useful for internal or complex features that cannot be otherwise finished after printing. In this work, a custom-built three-axis machine with printing, machining, and chemical finishing capabilities was used for the experiments. The effect of mechanical finishing on surface characteristics was first quantified using chip load and spindle speed as independent parameters. Following that, chemical treatment was performed on the already machined surface at two pressing depths (PD), which control the normal contact force acting on the surface. The best surface characteristics were observed at a low chip load of 0.007 mm and a moderately high spindle speed of 20,000 rpm. After chemical treatment using a lower PD, a surface roughness reduction was observed (from 8.041 to 4.988 µm). Increased PD led to even lower Ra values (from 4.988 to 3.538 µm) due to the enhanced fiber encapsulation phenomenon. Finally, the dimensional analysis revealed that the final combined finished samples had less than 1%-dimensional error (0.05 mm), which is an order of magnitude less than the typical error in FFF-printed parts (0.5 mm). This study provides means to conduct finishing in an additive manufacturing environment to reduce the time, labor, and cost associated with post-processing.
Flexible Long-Reach Robotic Limbs Using Tape Springs for Mobility and Manipulation
Authors: Quan Justin , Hong Dennis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Conventional mobile robots have difficulty navigating highly unstructured spaces such as caves and forests. In these environments, a highly extendable limb could be useful for deploying hooks to climb over terrain, or for reaching hard-to-access sites for sample collection. This article details a new form of a multimodal mobile robot that utilizes a novel tape spring limb named EEMMMa (elastic extending mechanism for mobility and manipulation). Its innovative U-shaped tape structure allows it to handle loads in tension as well as compression. It can also bend using mechanical multiplexing for a lightweight and compact design that is well suited for mobile robots. For mobility, the limb can extend prismatically to deploy grappling hook anchors to suspend and transport the main body, or even serve as legs. For manipulation, the limb can morph its shape to bend around or over obstacles, allowing it to retrieve distant objects or position cameras around corners. The EEMMMa-1 prototype detailed in this article successfully demonstrates climbing ladders and shelves in 1.5 body lengths per second, and can bend up to 100 deg. A simplified model of the bending kinematics is developed and analyzed. This article concludes by detailing future EEMMMa applications and theories to strengthen the model in future studies.