bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vaccination Beliefs and Attitudes of Lactating People During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Mark Elyse G. , Demirci Jill R. , Megli Christina , Martin Judith M. , Rick Anne-Marie 
Published: April 2023

Background: Pregnant and recently pregnant people have lower vaccination rates against SARS-CoV-2 than the general population, despite increased risk of adverse outcomes from infection. Little is known about vaccine hesitancy in this population. Research Aim: To characterize SARS-CoV-2 and other vaccine attitudes of lactating people who accepted the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, describing their vaccine experiences to further contextualize their beliefs. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional online survey design was used. We administered the survey to 100 lactating people in Pennsylvania from April to August 2021, upon enrollment into a longitudinal study investigating SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibodies in human milk. This survey assessed SARS-CoV-2 vaccine attitudes, vaccine counseling from providers, and vaccine decision making. Associations between vaccination timing and beliefs were analyzed by Pearson chi-square. Results: Of 100 respondents, all received ≥ 1 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine before or shortly after enrollment, with 44% ( n = 44) vaccinated in pregnancy and 56% ( n = 56) while lactating. Participants reported vaccination counseling by obstetric ( n = 48; 70%) and pediatric ( n = 25; 36%) providers. Thirty-two percent ( n = 32) received no advice on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination from healthcare providers, while 69% ( n = 69) were counseled that vaccination was safe and beneficial. While 6% ( n = 6) and 5% ( n = 5) reported concerns about the safety of maternal vaccines for lactating people or their infants, respectively, 12% ( n = 12) and 9% ( n = 9) expressed concerns about the safety of maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in particular. Conclusions: Despite high uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among participants, safety concerns persisted, with many reporting a lack of direct counseling from providers. Future research should investigate how variability in provider counseling affects SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake in perinatal populations.
Patient-reported outcome measures and their association to the original Strickland classification after flexor tendon repair
Authors: Renberg Markus , Svingen Jonas , Arner Marianne , Farnebo Simon 
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and the original Strickland classification after flexor tendon injuries in Zones 1 and 2. Data were collected from the Swedish national health care registry for hand surgery (HAKIR). The studied PROMs were the Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) and the patient questionnaire from the HAKIR (HQ-8). Complete data of both range of motion (ROM) and PROMs were available for 215 patients at 3 months after surgery, and for 150 patients at 12 months after surgery. We found that QuickDASH values were low and similar between all groups as classified by the Strickland system at 12 months. A statistically significant difference between PROM values (for stiffness and satisfaction) was found only between the Strickland groups Fair and Good, but not between Poor and Fair or Good and Excellent. This suggests that further categorization according to the Strickland classification is less important to the patients as long as they regain 70% of their ROM. Level of evidence: III
Differences in Financial Conflicts of Interest Among Participants in a National Spine Conference
Authors: Lucasti Christopher , Vallee Emily K , Scott Maxwell M , Baker Seth C , Das Ashtah A , Patel Dil V 
Published: April 2023

Study Design Retrospective Study. Objective At the North American Spine Society (NASS) conference, participants may influence spine surgery practices and patient care through their contributions. Therefore, their financial conflicts of interest are of notable interest. This study aims to compare the demographics and payments made to participating surgeons. Methods A list of 151 spine surgeons was created based on those who participated in the 2022 NASS conference. Demographic information was obtained from public physician profiles. General payments, research payments, associated research funding, and ownership interest were collected for each physician. Descriptive statistics and two-tailed t-tests were used. Results In 2021, 151 spine surgeon participants received industry payments, totaling USD 48 294 115. The top 10% of orthopedic surgeons receiving payments accounted for 58.7% of total orthopedic general value, while the top 10% of neurosurgeons accounted for 70.1%. There was no significant difference between these groups’ general payment amounts. Surgeons with 21-30 years of experience received the most general funding. There was no difference in funding between surgeons in academic or private settings. For all surgeons, royalties accounted for the largest percentage of the general value exchanged, while food/beverage accounted for the largest percentage of transactions. Conclusion Our study found that only years of experience had a positive association with general payments, and most monetary value belonged to a small handful of surgeons. These participants receiving significant money may promote techniques requiring products of companies providing their compensation. Future conferences may require disclosure policy changes so attendees understand the degree of funding participants receive.
MALAT1 knockdown alleviates the pyroptosis of microglias in diabetic cerebral ischemia via regulating STAT1 mediated NLRP3 transcription
Authors: Zhao Nan , Hua Wei , Liu Qi , Wang Yueying , Liu Zhiyi , Jin Sinan , Wang Benshuai , Pang Yuxin , Qi Jiping , Song Yuejia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Dysregulated long non-coding RNAs participate in the development of diabetic cerebral ischemia. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of lncRNA MALAT1 in diabetic cerebral ischemia.

Method
Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to establish diabetic cerebral I/R in vivo. TTC and neurological deficits assessment were performed to assess cerebral ischemic injury. LDH was conducted to detect cytotoxicity. RT-qPCR and western blotting assays were applied to determine mRNA and protein expression. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the pyroptosis of BV2 cells. Immunofluorescence and FISH were conducted for subcellular localization of MALAT1 and STAT1. ELISA was performed to determine cytokine release. Dual luciferase reporter, RIP, and ChIP assays were used to validate the interaction between STAT1 and MALAT1/NLRP3. Diabetes aggravated cerebral injury in vivo and in vitro. Diabetic cerebral ischemia induced inflammatory response and inflammation-induced cell pyroptosis.

Result
MALAT1 was overexpressed in diabetic cerebral ischemia models in vivo and in vitro. However, knockdown of MALAT1 suppressed inflammatory response and the pyroptosis of BV2 cells. Moreover, MALAT1 interacted with STAT1 to transcriptionally activate NLRP3. Knockdown of STAT1 significantly reversed the effects of MALAT1. Furthermore, STAT1 promotes the MALAT1 transcription. MALAT1 interacts with STAT1 to promote the pyroptosis of microglias induced by diabetic cerebral ischemia through activating NLRP3 transcription.

Conclusion
Thus, knockdown of MALAT1 may be a potential promising therapy target for diabetic cerebral ischemia.
m6A methyltransferase METTL3 programs CD4+ T-cell activation and effector T-cell differentiation in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lu Shuang , Wei Xingyu , Zhu Huan , Hu Zhi , Zheng Meiling , Wu Jiali , Zhao Cheng , Yang Shuang , Feng Delong , Jia Sujie , Zhao Hongjun , Zhao Ming 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder in which excessive CD4+ T-cell activation and imbalanced effector T-cell differentiation play critical roles. Recent studies have implied a potential association between posttranscriptional N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and CD4+ T-cell-mediated humoral immunity. However, how this biological process contributes to lupus is not well understood. In this work, we investigated the role of the m6A methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) in CD4+ T-cell activation, differentiation, and SLE pathogenesis both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods
The expression of METTL3 was knocked down and METTL3 enzyme activity was inhibited using siRNA and catalytic inhibitor, respectively. In vivo evaluation of METTL3 inhibition on CD4+ T-cell activation, effector T-cell differentiation, and SLE pathogenesis was achieved using a sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-immunized mouse model and a chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) mouse model. RNA-seq was performed to identify pathways and gene signatures targeted by METTL3. m6A RNA-immunoprecipitation qPCR was applied to confirm the m6A modification of METTL3 targets.

Results
METTL3 was defective in the CD4+ T cells of SLE patients. METTL3 expression varied following CD4+ T-cell activation and effector T-cell differentiation in vitro. Pharmacological inhibition of METTL3 promoted the activation of CD4+ T cells and influenced the differentiation of effector T cells, predominantly Treg cells, in vivo. Moreover, METTL3 inhibition increased antibody production and aggravated the lupus-like phenotype in cGVHD mice. Further investigation revealed that catalytic inhibition of METTL3 reduced Foxp3 expression by enhancing Foxp3 mRNA decay in a m6A-dependent manner, hence suppressing Treg cell differentiation.

Conclusion
In summary, our findings demonstrated that METTL3 was required for stabilizing Foxp3 mRNA via m6A modification to maintain the Treg differentiation program. METTL3 inhibition contributed to the pathogenesis of SLE by participating in the activation of CD4+ T cells and imbalance of effector T-cell differentiation, which could serve as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in SLE.
Structural differences in the gut microbiome of bats using terrestrial vs. aquatic feeding resources
Authors: Corduneanu Alexandra , Wu-Chuang Alejandra , Maitre Apolline , Obregon Dasiel , Sándor Attila D. , Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBat gut microbiomes are adapted to the specific diets of their hosts. Despite diet variation has been associated with differences in bat microbiome diversity, the influence of diet on microbial community assembly have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we used available data on bat gut microbiome to characterize the microbial community assembly of five selected bat species (i.e.,Miniopterus schreibersii,Myotis capaccinii,Myotis myotis,Myotis pilosus, andMyotis vivesi), using network analysis. These bat species with contrasting habitat and food preferences (i.e.,My. capacciniiandMy. pilosuscan be piscivorous and/or insectivorous;Mi. schreibersiiandMy. myotisare exclusively insectivorous; whileMy. vivesiis a marine predator) offer an invaluable opportunity to test the impact of diet on bat gut microbiome assembly. The results showed thatMy. myotisshowed the most complex network, with the highest number of nodes, whileMy. vivesihas the least complex structured microbiome, with lowest number of nodes in its network. No common nodes were observed in the networks of the five bat species, withMy. myotispossessing the highest number of unique nodes. Only three bat species,My. myotis,My. pilosusandMy. vivesi, presented a core microbiome and the distribution of local centrality measures of nodes was different in the five networks. Taxa removal followed by measurement of network connectivity revealed thatMy. myotishad the most robust network, while the network ofMy. vivesipresented the lowest tolerance to taxa removal. Prediction of metabolic pathways using PICRUSt2 revealed thatMi. schreibersiihad significantly higher functional pathway’s richness compared to the other bat species. Most of predicted pathways (82%, total 435) were shared between all bat species, whileMy. capaccinii,My. myotisandMy. vivesi, but noMi. schreibersiiorMy. pilosus, showed specific pathways. We concluded that despite similar feeding habits, microbial community assembly can differ between bat species. Other factors beyond diet may play a major role in bat microbial community assembly, with host ecology, sociality and overlap in roosts likely providing additional predictors governing gut microbiome of insectivorous bats.
Rate of residual neuromuscular block using single-dose rocuronium in general anesthesia for ENT surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Carrillo-Torres Orlando , Pliego-Sánchez María Guadalupe , Pérez-Muñoz Víctor Joshua , Sánchez-Jurado Jennifer , Camacho-Vacherón Verónica , Carrillo-Ruíz José Damián 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
NMB facilitates intubating conditions in general anesthesia. However, it is associated with significant residual postoperative paralysis and morbidity.

Objective
To investigate the rate of underdiagnosed residual NMB based on two TOFR criteria (< 0.91 and < 1.00).

Methods
We performed a retrospective study adhering to STROBE guidelines. We included patients undergoing ENT surgery using single-dose neuromuscular block for balanced general anesthesia from June to December 2018. We collected demographic and anthropometric data, ASA score, NMBA dose, TOFR recordings at 5, 30 and 60 min and end of the surgery, anesthesia and surgery time, and administration of reversal agent. Statistical analysis included descriptive and dispersion measures statistics, curve and cross tables for residual NMB on different TOFR criteria with sub-analysis for AR, RR, and OR in patients over 65 years old.

Results
We included 57 patients, mean age 41; 43 females and 14 males. Mean anesthetic and surgical time were 139.4 and 116.1 min, respectively. All the patients received rocuronium under a mean ponderal single-dose of 0.48 mg/kg. Residual NMB rates were 29.9 and 49.1% for a TOFR < 0.91 and < 1.00, respectively. Older adults had an OR of 6.08 for residual NMB.

Conclusions
The rate of residual NMB was 29.9 to 49.1%, depending on the criteria used (TOFR < 0.91 and < 1.00, respectively). Patients above 65 years old had an increased risk of residual NMB (6.08 OR) and clinical symptoms related to residual NMB (11.75 OR). We recommend future research aiming to provide a specific surveillance protocol for patients above 65 years old, including shorter-action NMB, early reversal, and prolonged surveillance using the TOFR criteria of < 1.00 to identify patients at risk of residual NMB readily.
Remote ischemic preconditioning and clinical outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Jianwen , Wang Xiwen , Liu Wengui , Wen Shihong , Li Xueping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The benefit of remote ischemia preconditioning (RIPreC) in pediatric cardiac surgery is unclear. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effectiveness of RIPreC in reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay after pediatric cardiac surgery.

Methods
We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from inception to December 31, 2022. Randomized controlled trials comparing RIPreC versus control in children undergoing cardiac surgery were included. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool. The outcomes of interest were postoperative duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay. We conducted random-effects meta-analysis to calculate weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the outcomes of interest. We performed sensitivity analysis to examine the influence of intraoperative propofol use.

Results
Thirteen trials enrolling 1,352 children were included. Meta-analyses of all trials showed that RIPreC did not reduce postoperative duration of mechanical ventilation (WMD -5.35 h, 95% CI -12.12–1.42) but reduced postoperative ICU length of stay (WMD -11.48 h, 95% CI -20.96– -2.01). When only trials using propofol-free anesthesia were included, both mechanical ventilation duration (WMD -2.16 h, 95% CI -3.87– -0.45) and ICU length of stay (WMD -7.41 h, 95% CI -14.77– -0.05) were reduced by RIPreC. The overall quality of evidence was moderate to low.

Conclusions
The effects of RIPreC on clinical outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery were inconsistent, but both postoperative mechanical ventilation duration and ICU length of stay were reduced in the subgroup of children not exposed to propofol. These results suggested a possible interaction effect of propofol. More studies with adequate sample size and without intraoperative propofol use are needed to define the role of RIPreC in pediatric cardiac surgery.
Predicting a decrease in left atrial appendage flow velocity using left atrial diameter and CHA2DS2-VASc score in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wang Guangyu , Li Guangyu , Hu Feng , Zang Minhua , Pu Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Left atrial (LA) appendage flow velocity (LAAFV) is a classic but invasive predictor of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to explore the usefulness of LA diameter (LAD) combined with CHA2DS2-VASc score, which is easily available and non-invasive, as a novel score for predicting a decrease in LAAFV in non-valvular AF (NVAF).

Methods
In total, 716 consecutive NVAF patients who underwent transesophageal echocardiography were divided into the decreased LAAFV (< 0.4 m/s) and preserved LAAFV (≥ 0.4 m/s) groups.

Results
The decreased LAAFV group had a larger LAD and a higher CHA2DS2-VASc score than the preserved LAAFV group (P < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression indicated that brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentration, persistent AF, LAD, and CHA2DS2-VASc score were remained inversely associated with LAAFV. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression revealed that BNP concentration (odds ratio [OR] 1.003, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.001–1.005, P = 0.003), persistent AF (OR 0.159, 95% CI 0.102–0.247, P < 0.001), and LAD (OR 1.098, 95% CI 1.049–1.149, P < 0.001) were independent factors for a decrease in LAAFV. A novel score, LAD combined with CHA2DS2-VASc score, was more accurate for predicting a decrease in LAAFV among NVAF patients (area under the curve was 0.733).

Conclusion
Enlarged LAD was independent risk factor for a decrease in LAAFV among NVAF patients. LAD combined with CHA2DS2-VASc score enhanced the predictive ability for a decrease in LAAFV among NVAF patients.
An investigation of the level of stigma and the factors influencing it in the rehabilitation of young and middle-aged stroke patients-a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zheng Zixiu , Song Runluo , Zhao Yunxiao , Lv Hongxia , Wang Yanqing , Yu Cong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
There are few reported studies on stigma in young and middle-aged stroke patients during the rehabilitation period, however, the rehabilitation period plays a key role in the patients’ disease regression. Exploring the level of stigma and the influencing factors in young and middle-aged stroke patients during the rehabilitation period is crucial for determining how to reduce the level of stigma and improve the patients’ motivation for rehabilitation treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the level of stigma in young and middle-aged stroke patients and analyzed the factors influencing stigma in order to provide a reference or basis for healthcare professionals to develop effective and targeted stigma intervention programs.

Methods
Using a convenience sampling method, 285 young and middle-aged stroke patients admitted to the rehabilitation medicine department of a tertiary care hospital in Shenzhen, China, from November 2021 to September 2022 were selected and surveyed using a general information questionnaire, the Stroke Stigma Scale(SSS), the Barthel Index(BI), and the Positive and Negative Emotions Scale(PANAS), and multiple linear regression and smoothed curve fitting were used to analyze the factors influencing the stigma of young and middle-aged stroke patients during the rehabilitation period.

Results
SSS score of 45.08 ± 11.06, univariate analysis of age, occupation, education level, pre-stroke monthly income, insurance type, comorbid chronic disease status, primary caregiver, BI, positive and negative emotion as factors influencing stigma. Multiple linear regression showed that age, pre-stroke monthly income, BI, positive and negative emotions were independent influences on stigma in young and middle-aged stroke patients, explaining 58.0% of the total variance in stigma. A smoothed curve fit revealed a curvilinear relationship between the above influences and stigma.

Conclusion
Young and middle-aged stroke patients have a moderate level of stigma. Medical staff should focus on young patients aged 18–44 years, those with high monthly income before the stroke, those with poor self-care ability, and those with low positive and high negative emotion scores, and conduct early assessments and adopt targeted intervention programs according to the influencing factors to reduce the stigma of young and middle-aged stroke patients, improve their motivation for rehabilitation, and help them return to their families and society as soon as possible.

Trial Registration
Registration number of China Clinical Trials Registration Center: 20,220,328,004-FS01.
Factors associated with arterial stiffness assessed by pulse pressure amplification in healthy children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Salomão Leticia Pereira , Magalhães Giselle Santos , da Silva José Felippe Pinho , dos Santos Luzia Maria , Gomes Moura Isabel Cristina , Rezende Bruno Almeida , Rodrigues-Machado Maria Glória 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Increasing evidence suggests that reducing pulse pressure amplification (PPA) plays an important role in pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease. This is a cross-sectional, observational, and analytical study in which we evaluated the associated factors with a greater chance of reducing PPA in 136 healthy children and adolescents aged 8 to 19 years old stratified by gender and age group.

Methods
Arterial stiffness and vascular and hemodynamic parameters were non-invasively measured using Mobil-O-Graph® (IEM, Stolberg, Germany), a cuff-based oscillometric device. PPA was expressed as the peripheral-to-central pulse pressure ratio (PPp / PPc). Participants with PPA < 1.49 were considered as part of the arterial stiffness group.

Results
In a univariate model, the increase in total vascular resistance, the reflection coefficient and the augmentation pressure were more likely to have arterial stiffness in all groups. The factors most likely to have arterial stiffness (as assessed by the reduction of the PPA) in the multivariate model were increasing age, the reflection coefficient and cardiac index in the total sample, male group and child and adolescent groups. In addition to age in the female group, cardiac output, stroke volume, and AIx@75 were the factors most likely to present arterial stiffness.

Conclusions
The results show for the first time in children and adolescents that the factors most likely to reduce PPA are related to the reflection wave, which determines aortic pressures and, therefore, left ventricular afterload.