bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histone methyltransferase SET8 aggravates acute kidney injury through activation of p53 and downregulation of PTEN
Authors: Zhuang Shougang , Yang Xu , Guan Yingjie , Bayliss George , Dong Zheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
SET8 is a histone H4 lysine 20 methyltransferase (H4K20) that regulates transcriptional and posttranslational modifications and is related to tumorigenesis and other diseases. Its role in acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of SET8 in a murine model of cisplatin-induced AKI and apoptosis of cultured murine proximal tubular epithelial cells. Following cisplatin treatment, SET8 and H4K20 mono-methylation (H4K20me1) were upregulated, coincident with reduced expression of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) and increased phosphorylation of p53 both in vivo and in vitro. Administration of UNC0379, a specific inhibitor, or siRNA-mediated silencing of SET8 significantly inhibited apoptosis of TKPTs following cisplatin exposure. Similarly, UNC0379 administration in cisplatin-injected mice attenuated tubular injury, apoptosis, and improved renal function. This was concomitant with the repression of SET8, H4K20me1, and p53 phosphorylation while restoring PTEN levels. Further investigations indicated that inhibition of PTEN with Bpv or siRNA aggravated cisplatin-induced apoptosis without affecting the expression of SET8 and H4K20me1. In contrast, inhibition of p53 with Pifithrin-alpha or silencing of p53 reduced cisplatin-induced apoptosis, but these treatments did not affect the expression of SET8, H4K20me1, and PTEN. Overall, these findings suggest that inhibition of SET8 relieves apoptosis by upregulating PTEN, which in turn represses p53 phosphorylation. Additionally, inhibiting SET8 significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of the histone variant H2A and p21, two proteins associated with DNA damages in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, our results suggest that SET8 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for cisplatin-induced AKI.
Towards establishing correlates of protection against shigellosis: assessing immunological endpoints across immune responses to the Shigella sonnei Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) candidate vaccine (1790GAHB).
Authors: Nakakana Usman , Conti Valentino , Rossi Omar , Clarkson Kirsten , Mancini Francesca , Sarakinou Eleanna , Callegaro Andrea , Ferruzzi Pietro , Acquaviva Alessandra , Arora Ashwani , Marchetti Elisa , Necchi Francesca , Frenck Robert , Martin Laura , Kaminski Robert , Podda Audino , Micoli Francesca 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Shigella spp. are a leading bacterial cause of diarrhea. No widely licensed vaccines are available and there is no generally accepted correlate of protection. We tested a S. sonnei Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigen (GMMA)-based vaccine (1790GAHB) in a phase 2b, placebo-controlled, randomized, controlled human infection model study (NCT03527173) enrolling healthy United States adults aged 18–50 years. We report analyses evaluating immune responses to vaccination, with the aim to identify correlates of risk for shigellosis among assessed immunomarkers. We found that 1790GAHB elicited S. sonnei lipopolysaccharide specific α4β7+ immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA secreting B cells which are likely homing to the gut, indicating the ability to induce a mucosal in addition to a systemic response, despite parenteral delivery. We were unable to establish or confirm threshold levels that predict vaccine efficacy facilitating the evaluation of vaccine candidates. However, serum anti-lipopolysaccharide IgG and bactericidal activity were identified as potential correlates of risk for shigellosis.
LiOtBu-Promoted Synthesis of Bis(3-indolyl)methanes by the Alkylation of Indoles with Alcohols under Air: An Investigation about Mechanism Insights via Chemical Intermediates
Authors: Nguyen Hai Yen , Tran Thu Hue , Do Ha Nam , Do Dang Van , Ngo Quoc-Anh , Tien Nguyen Quyet , Nga Truong Thi Thanh , Nguyen Hien , Hung Tran Quang , Dang Tuan Thanh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bis(3-indolyl)methanes (BIMs) are known for their important bioactivities, which include anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. In this study, we are disclosing a metal catalyst-free synthesis of BIMs in high yields via the alkylation reaction of indoles and alcohols in the presence of lithium tert-butoxide base. Notably, oxygen in air played an important role as an oxidant for the facilitation of this transformation. Interestingly, an unactivated aliphatic alcohol (n-hexanol) could be successfully used as an alkylating reagent in the alkylation reaction of indole. Especially, from several chemical intermediates detected by GC-MS gave important information about the mechanism insights. This method demonstrated cost and environmental advantages for the development of green processes.
Children’s birth weight and the risk of overweight and obesity in primary school children: a 4-year longitudinal study
Authors: Gong Qing-Hai , Lin Yi , Li Xiao-Yong , Jiang Dan-Jie , Wang Si-Jia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Childhood overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) have become a serious global health concern. Birth weight (BW) as one of the factors is associated with OB and chronic diseases in children and adults. However, it was not well studied in Zhejiang Province, China. This study was to investigate the association between BW and general OB and central OB in primal school children.
Methods
The Ningbo Youth Risk Behavior Survey is a school-based longitudinal study conducted from 2016 to 2019. A total of 2749 primary school children participated in the baseline study. Longitudinal anthropometric data were obtained from annual health check. BW (kg) was categorized into 4 groups [(< 3.0, 3.0-3.5, 3.5-4.0 and ≥ 4.0 (macrosomia)]. Normal weight, OW and OB were defined based on sex-specific and age-specific body mass index (BMI). Central OB were identified using sex-specific waist-to-height ratio (WHtR).
Results
Around 14.5% and 15.6% out of 1204 children had lower BW (< 3.0 kg) and macrosomia, respectively. The overall rate of general OB and central OB at baseline were 10.4% and 28.3%, respectively. Linear- and J- shaped relationships were observed between BW and BMI z-score, and WHtR, respectively. In the adjusted analysis, higher levels of BW (≥ 3.5kg) were associated with increased odds of general OB in children. Generalised estimating equations was used to determine
Conclusion
Higher levels of BW (≥ 3.5 kg) were associated with an increased risk of general OB in children, but not central OB. The results can support implication to public health specialists for future research in Zhejiang province and improvement of strategies for childhood obesity prevention.
The impact of home-based management of malaria on clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kua Kok Pim , Lee Shaun Wen Huey , Chongmelaxme Bunchai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:
Malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally and continues to disproportionately afflict the African population. We aimed to evaluate the effect of home management of malaria intervention on health outcomes.
Methods:
In our systematic review and meta-analysis, six databases (Pubmed, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, CAB Abstracts and Global Health, CINAHL, and BIOSIS) were searched for studies of home management of malaria from inception to August 31, 2023. We included before-after studies, observational studies, and randomised controlled trials of home management intervention delivered in community settings. The primary outcomes were malaria mortality and all-cause mortality. The risk of bias in individual observational studies was assessed using ROBINS-I tool, whilst randomised controlled trials were judged using a revised Cochrane risk of bias tool and cluster-randomised controlled trials were evaluated using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool for cluster-randomised trials. We computed risk ratios with accompanying 95% confidence intervals for health-related outcomes reported in the studies and subsequently pooled the results by using a random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method).
Results:
We identified 1,202 citations through database and hand searches, from which 56 articles on 47 studies encompassing 234,002 participants were included in the systematic review. All studies were conducted in people living in sub-Saharan Africa and were rated to have a low or moderate risk of bias. In the meta-analysis, mortality rates due to malaria and all-cause mortality rates were significantly lower among participants receiving home management intervention compared to the control group. However, in children under 5 years of age, there was no significant difference in mortality rates before and after implementation of home management of malaria. Home malaria management combined with intermittent preventive treatment showed a significantly lower incidence risk of malaria than home management intervention that exclusively provided treatment to individuals with febrile illness suggestive of malaria. The risks for adverse events were found to be similar for home management intervention using different antimalarial drugs. Cost-effectiveness findings depicted that home malaria management merited special preferential scale-up.
Conclusions:
Home management of malaria intervention was associated significant reductions in malaria mortality and all-cause mortality. The intervention could help decrease health and economic burden attributable to malaria. Further clinical studies are warranted to enable more meaningful interpretations with regard to wide-scale implementation of the intervention, settings of differing transmission intensity, and new antimalarial drugs.
Analysis of drought risks in arid regions using RS data and standardized precipitation index considering climate change
Authors: Abd-Elhamid Hany F. , El-Dakak Amr M. , K Saleh O. , Zeleňáková Martina , Alkhalaf Ibrahim , Soľáková Tatiana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Climate change could cause changes in temperature and precipitation patterns that may increase the probability of drought. Climate change could enormously affect arid regions, and many countries may suffer from drought. This study aims to monitor the historical drought in Syria. Monthly data were collected from 71 land stations for the period (1991-2009). After 2010, the field data were not available due to the civil war in Syria. The satellite images for monthly precipitation were collected for the period (1983-2020). RS and GIS were used to correct the satellite images using the land stations data for the period (1991-2009) and correction equation was developed for each station that was used to correct the data for the period (1983-2020). Drought risk analysis was carried out utilizing Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in the period (1983-2020). Three types of droughts have been detected; agricultural, hydrological and groundwater drought. The results showed that significant drought struck Syria and the highest drought events were recorded in 1989, 2013 and 2016. The results of SPI trend analysis showed decreasing trends at all the stations. This highlights the impact of climate change on Syria that may suffer from more droughts in the future which in turn affect the availability of water resources. The results of this research could help to manage water resources and adapt to climate change risks in Syria. The results approved that SPI is a useful tool to monitor drought that could help decision-makers for putting efficient plans for drought risk management.
Anomaly Detection and Biomarkers Localization in Retinal OCT Scans
Authors: Tiosano Liran , Abutbul Ron , Lender Rivkah , Shwartz Yahel , Chowers Itay , Hoshen Yedid , Levy Jaime 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anomaly detection combined with localization in retinal scans can help identify retinal anomalies scans and localize pathologies that might otherwise be difficult to detect. We designed a novel approach for detecting anomalies and localization by applying AI-based tools to optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans in retinal disease. High-resolution OCT-scans from the public and a local dataset were used in four state-of-the-art self-supervised frameworks. The backbone for these frameworks was a pre-trained convolutional neural network, which allowed us to extract meaningful features from the OCT-images. Anomalous images included choroidal neovascularization, diabetic macular edema, and drusen. The resulting anomaly detectors were then evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) scores, F1 scores, and accuracy. Approximately 30000 OCT-images were used. The best-performing anomaly detectors had an ROC AUC score of 0.99, and all frameworks achieved high performance and generalized well to various retinal diseases. Using pre-trained feature extractors, the frameworks tested here can be generalized to retinal OCT-scans, yielding high image-level ROC AUC scores. The localization results obtained using these frameworks can successfully capture areas indicating the presence of retinal pathology; moreover, these frameworks may also reveal new biomarkers. Finally, these frameworks can be integrated into clinical decision-making and automated screening systems, thereby facilitating treatment management.
Diagnosis for autism spectrum disorder based on electroencephalogram dynamic local graph theory indices
Authors: Luo Hao , Yang Shuo , Zhang Nanxiang , Huang Leen , Ge Yingfeng , Chen Ang , Zhu Jianping , Zhang Jinxin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex brain disorder that damages patients’ cognitive and social skills. Previous studies using static functional connectivity analysis from electroencephalogram (EEG) neglected dynamic traits of EEG signal. This study thus combined the dynamic functional connectivity with local graph theory indices to seek for biomarkers to diagnose the ASD. Traditionally, static local graph theory index was calculated using the entire EEG signal, and afterward 6 derivative dynamic graph theory indices were calculated by sliding windows with different width and moving step. For each index above, 95 features could be extracted. Further, they were selected and compared for its classification performance by support vector machine-recurrence feature elimination method. Our results indicated that dynamic graph theory indices in the 3s window width and 50% moving step achieved the best classification performance with average accuracy 0.952, which was better than its static counterpart. The distribution for selected features showed a preference in the frontal lobe and Beta band. Our studies indicated the window width of 3s with 50% moving step could be the appropriate settings for dynamic graph theory analysis, and the distribution tendency for the frontal lobe and Beta band could render researchers’ fresh perspectives into mechanism studies.
Constructing two-dimensional/two-dimensional RGO/MoX2 (X=Se and S) van der waals heterojunctions: a combined composition modulation and interface engineering strategy for microwave absorption
Authors: Xiang Lele , Darboe Abdou Karim , Luo Zhihong , Qi Xiaosi , Shao Jiaojing , Ye Xiao-Juan , Liu Chun-Sheng , Sun Kai , Qu Yunpeng , Xu Jing , Zhong Wei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Interface engineering and/or impedance matching characteristic played very important role on microwave absorption. To simultaneously make best of these aspects, herein, we elaborately designed and successfully produced two-dimensional (2D)/2D reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/MoSe2 van der waals heterojunctions (VDWHs) in large scale and high efficiency through a simple solvothermal method. By increasing the amount of graphene oxide (GO) from 15 mg to 45 mg, the designed 2D/2D RGO/MoSe2 VDWHs with enhanced RGO contents and interfaces could be synthesized, which resulted in their progressively boosted comprehensive microwave absorption properties (MAPs). Furthermore, our proposed route could also be expanded to fabricate 2D/2D RGO/MoS2 VDWHs. The obtained results demonstrated that the enhanced amount of GO effectively improved their impedance matching characteristics, conductivity loss and polarization loss capabilities of 2D/2D RGO/MoX2 (X = Se and S) VDWHs, which contributed to their enhanced comprehensive MAPs. Therefore, our findings not only presented a combined composition modulation and interface engineering strategy to simultaneously take full advantage of impedance matching characteristic and interfaces for improving the comprehensive MAPs, but also provided a simple and propagable route to design and synthesize 2D/2D RGO/MoX2 (X = Se and S) VDWHs, which could be acted as the good candidates for lightweight high-efficiency microwave absorbers.
The Impact of fishing ghost Nets derelicts on Coral Health in Androth's Reefs in Lakshadweep: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: NM sahab , PV Ahmed Amirsha , CN Abdul Raheem , A.T Damodhar , T Aboohashim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the impact of fishing ghost net derelict on coral health across different depths in the Androth reefs of Lakshadweep. The line intercept transects and Photoquard methods were utilized for analyzing the fishing derelict impact on coral reefs' health. The results of Kruskal-Walli’s test showed that the medians of coral health differed significantly across depths, with the lowest medians found in areas with fishing ghost net entanglements. A multiple regression model further supported this finding, showing that the total number of entanglements and mean incident catch rates were both significant predictors of coral health. Principal component analysis revealed that the contribution of coral colonies affected by fishing ghost net debris was most pronounced in certain sites, accounting for 68.3% of the observed differences. Hence, this study provides strong evidence of the detrimental effects of fishing debris on coral reef ecosystems. The findings suggest that fishing debris can significantly reduce coral health and that this impact is more pronounced in areas with higher levels of entanglements. These findings highlight the need for effective management strategies to reduce fishing debris and protect coral reefs.
Current-sensitive Hall effect in a chiral-orbital-current state
Authors: Cao Gang , Zhang Yu , Ni Yife , Schlottmann Pedro , Nandkishore Rahul , De Long Lance 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Chiral orbital currents (COC) underpin a novel colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) in ferrimagnetic Mn3Si2Te6 [1]. Here we report the Hall effect in the COC state which exhibits the following unprecedented features: (1) A sharp, current-sensitive peak in the magnetic field dependence of the Hall resistivity; (2) An unusually large Hall angle reaching up to 0.15 (comparable to the highest values yet reported); and (3) A current-sensitive scaling relation between the Hall conductivity σxy and the longitudinal conductivity σxx, namely, σxy ~ σxxα with α ranging between 3 and 5, which is both sensitive to external current and exceptionally large compared to α ≤ 2 typical of most solids. These anomalies point to a giant, current-sensitive Hall effect that is unique to the COC state. We argue that a magnetic field induced by the fully developed COC combines with the applied magnetic field to exert the greatly enhanced transverse force on charge carriers, which dictates the novel Hall responses. The COC Hall effect is unique, as it is generated and controlled via the interaction between intrinsic COC and applied external currents, which leads to novel transport phenomena of fundamental and technological significance and requires new physics for explanation.
Characterization and Expression Analysis of GLABRA3 (GL3) Genes in Cotton: Insights into Trichome Development and Hormonal Regulation
Authors: Wu Naisi , Lu Benyi , Cao Yaofen , Rong Junkang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
GLABRA3 (GL3) and ENHANCER OF GLABRA3 (EGL3) genes encode a typical helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors that mainly regulate trichome branching and root hair development, DNA endoreduplication, trichoblast size, and stomatal formation. The functions of GL3 genes have been poorly characterized in cotton crop. In this study, we performed genome-wide scans for GL3 and EGL3 homologs to better understand their potential roles in trichome and fiber development in cotton crop. Our finding revealed that Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboreum, and G. raimondii had a total of 6, 6, 3, and 3 GL3s, unevenly distributed on chromosome 4, 4, 2, and 2, respectively. Gh_A08G2088 and Gb_A09G2187, despite having the same bHLH domain as the other GL3 genes, were not analyzed due to their remarkably short sequences and limited number of motifs they possess, potentially indicating a lack of functional activity. The phylogenetic analysis divided remaining 16 GL3s into three subfamilies (Group I-Ⅲ) closely related to A. thaliana. These 16 GL3s have a complete bHLH domain, encoding 590–631 amino acids, with molecular weights (MWs) ranging from 65.92–71.36 kDa. The GL3s within each subfamily shared similar gene structures and motifs, indicating conserved characteristics within their respective groups. Promoter element analysis revealed 27 cis-acting elements in the GL3 promoter region. These elements include those responsive to salicylic acid, abscisic acid (ABA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and gibberellin. The expression of GL3 genes was analyzed in 12 tissues of G. barbadense and G.hirsutum using the publicly available RNA-seq data. Gb_D11G0219, Gb_D11G0214, and Gb_D08G2182, were identified as relatively highly expressed across the tissues, and selected for hormone treatment and expression validation in G. barbadense. RT-qPCR results demonstrated that Gb_D11G0219 and Gb_D11G0214 expression levels were significantly altered after MeJA, GA, and ABA, treatment. Subcellular localization prediction revealed that most GL3 proteins were expressed predominantly in the nucleus, with a few localized in the cytoplasm and chloroplasts. Overall, this study lays the foundation for further functional validation of GL3 genes in cotton trichome formation and fiber development by identifying hormonal regulation patterns and probable sites of action. The results provide a basis to elucidate the roles and regulatory mechanisms of GL3 genes in the intricate process of cotton fibre and trichome development.
Ambient Noise Tomography and Machine Learning Models to Reveal Geothermal Structure in the Taupo Volcanic Zone
Authors: Chhun Chanmaly , Tsuji Takeshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To reveal potential geothermal fluid flows and temperature distribution in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, North Island of the New Zealand Hikurangi subduction zone, we analyzed seismometer and well log data. First, we extracted Rayleigh phase velocity dispersion curves from ambient noise cross-correlation analysis and then estimated S-wave velocity models through 3D surface wave tomography. Second, we constructed the 3D temperature model derived from our machine learning models using 3D velocity and temperature log data. Faulted/fractured zones, which can host fluids or magma, led to significant reductions in S-wave velocity within the subsurface. As a result, our S-wave velocities were lower in existing geothermal reservoirs and through flow pathways (i.e., active fault zones), particularly within the NE-SW directional structure toward Lake Taupo. The most suitable 3D temperature model (or others) was obtained based on the Gaussian process regression model, compared to other models in all machine learning algorithms. High-temperature areas ranging up to 300 °C or more are consistent with flow paths through the structure. Our approach could contribute to the unrevealed geothermal structures and fluid flow pathways in this region.