bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of Polyheterocyclic Compounds by Lewis Acid Mediated Intramolecular [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Dahiya Pooja , Yadav Anoop , Budhwan Rajnish , Peddinti Rama Krishna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn efficient domino approach has been developed for the synthesis of polyheterocyclic derivatives constituting pyrrole moiety. Lewis acid catalyzed reaction of 2‐substituted‐2‐hydroxy‐indane‐1,3‐diones and 1,4‐benzoxazinone derivatives resulted in the formation of polyheterocyclic compounds under metal‐free and mild conditions in good to excellent yield. The reaction is highly regioselective for C−C and C−N bond construction proceeded via intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition reaction. The protocol is highly efficient, obviates column chromatography and the products are obtained by simple filtration followed by washing with solvent.
Optimal pore shape in a low‐Pt PEM fuel cell cathode catalyst layer
Authors: Kulikovsky Andrei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA model for performance of an axially symmetric pore with the curved generatrix is developed. Oxygen transport along the pore axis and in the radial direction through a thin ionomer film separating the pore volume from the Pt/C surface is taken into account. A performance functional is formulated, and the Euler–Lagrange equation is solved numerically for an optimal pore shape. This shape is close to a cubic paraboloid converging toward the membrane. Polarization curves show superior performance of the optimal pore over the cylindrical pore of the same active (side) surface area. The results suggest the shape of optimal ionomer loading for low‐Pt electrodes.
Sex‐related patterns in the electroencephalogram and their relevance in machine learning classifiers
Authors: Jochmann Thomas , Seibel Marc S. , Jochmann Elisabeth , Khan Sheraz , Hämäläinen Matti S. , Haueisen Jens 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeep learning is increasingly being proposed for detecting neurological and psychiatric diseases from electroencephalogram (EEG) data but the method is prone to inadvertently incorporate biases from training data and exploit illegitimate patterns. The recent demonstration that deep learning can detect the sex from EEG implies potential sex‐related biases in deep learning‐based disease detectors for the many diseases with unequal prevalence between males and females. In this work, we present the male‐ and female‐typical patterns used by a convolutional neural network that detects the sex from clinical EEG (81% accuracy in a separate test set with 142 patients). We considered neural sources, anatomical differences, and non‐neural artifacts as sources of differences in the EEG curves. Using EEGs from 1140 patients, we found electrocardiac artifacts to be leaking into the supposedly brain activity‐based classifiers. Nevertheless, the sex remained detectable after rejecting heart‐related and other artifacts. In the cleaned data, EEG topographies were critical to detect the sex, but waveforms and frequencies were not. None of the traditional frequency bands was particularly important for sex detection. We were able to determine the sex even from EEGs with shuffled time points and therewith completely destroyed waveforms. Researchers should consider neural and non‐neural sources as potential origins of sex differences in their data, they should maintain best practices of artifact rejection, even when datasets are large, and they should test their classifiers for sex biases.
Applying A3AO to Facilitate Future Working Processes in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Wiulsrød Simen , Zhao YangYang , Muller Gerrit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCompanies in the oil and gas industry strive to increase their performance in Engineering, Procurement, Construction, and Installation projects. New responsibilities of the Company within this research, encounter unforeseen surprises in an early project phase called As‐Is Engineering. No prioritization for documenting and communicating working processes and key‐personnel dependency are the symptoms related to the Company's challenges. To cope with the Company's challenges, this research investigates the development of a process architecting tool to facilitate future working processes. Given a known method of A3 Architectural Overviews from Systems Engineering for communicating architectural knowledge, we applied it together with process mapping to develop a process architecting tool for the Company. Through literature review and workshop testing with loops of feedbacks in the Company, a process architecting tool ‐ Operational A3 is proposed. Results from surveys and interviews show the Operational A3 benefits the Company in terms of increased project performance.
A 4‐Box Development Model for Complex Systems Engineering
Authors: Herzog Erik , Larsson Åsa Nordling , Sundin Olof , Goman Anna Forsgren 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOver the years, much Systems Engineering effort has been focused on making development activities predictable. Yet, with increasing system complexity, methodology improvements have a hard time keeping up. In this paper, we argue that there is a need to ensure that development methodology is flexible and that development models must be crafted for ensuring that an organization has many options open if parts of the development activities becomes delayed.This paper introduces a development model that provides the desired level of flexibility. The underlying case is that of fighter aircraft development. The dual‐Vee model is used as a baseline, weaknesses in that model are identified and the models developed within Saab Aeronautics for fighter aircraft development is introduced and illustrated. The key element highlighted in the paper is that in order to ensure flexibility, development activities has to be asynchronous with activities integrating product configurations. Lessons learned are identified and the applicability of the proposed models are discussed.
You Can't Touch This! ‐ Logical Architectures in MBSE and the UAF
Authors: Hause Matthew , Kihlström Lars‐Olof 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLogical or abstract architectures are an essential concept in systems engineering. They are included in the systems engineering handbook, the OOSEM process, the SEBOK, several modeling languages, and the ISO 15288 process definition. A logical architecture is a solution‐independent model of the problem domain used to understand “what” needs to be done, while avoiding defining “how” it will be done. The logical architecture includes all the related logical elements without constraining the architecture to a particular technology or environment. It traces to the physical architecture which defines how to implement the architecture using specific technologies. Logical architectures can be defined using MBSE languages such as the systems modeling language (SysML). They are implicit in the Operational set of views in architecture frameworks such as DoDAF, MODAF, NAF and their implementation in UAF using SysML. NAF has recently changed the title of the Operational views to Logical views to further emphasize the purpose of the views. This paper will define the benefits of using a logical architecture and provide guidance on how it can be implemented.
MBSE approach for complex industrial organization program
Authors: DUCAMP Christophe , BOUFFARON Fabien , ERNADOTE Dominique , WIRTZ Joerg , DARBIN Arnaud 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs Model Based System Engineering (MBSE) becomes THE standard approach for system engineering, it is applied for large programs development based on complex industrial organizations.The purpose of this paper is to present the various rules and mechanisms supporting this model interoperability across industries and agencies in terms of:
Modeling structuration (or multi‐layer)
Data object in a tool agnostic's representation (data model)
These rules have been worked out and agreed within a common working group gathering European Aerospace Prime industries ‐ namely the EUREcA (EURopean Ecosystem for Aerospace and Defense) initiative ‐ to elaborate a standard architecture aiming to become a European Aerospace standard for all main Defense & Aerospace contracts .This solution is implemented at Airbus level within the MBSE framework initiative to provide a company‐wide flexible and configurable solution supporting the entire Airbus program portfolio (e.g. satellite, helicopter, commercial/military aircraft, drone or ground segment).It is under deployment on several programs, in particular Future Combat Air System (FCAS), the main military European program.
Logics of irrational design of rational systems – systems modelling and human decision making
Authors: Nilsson Robert , Smith Gary 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe background for this paper is the rapid changes that currently manifests around the globe. The premise is that system science can provide a basis to enhance the capabilities of system engineering to meet these challenges. This paper explores with a few examples how system modelling, decision making and methods to manage complexity can draw on science. Additionally, it will be explained that humans do not take all decisions on logical bases, hence, the framing of the question allowed by the system model is vital. The result of the paper is a proposal of a framework for knowledge management modelling based on the science and major lessons learned in modelling and methods to manage complexity.
Artificial Intelligence Capabilities for Effective Model‐Based Systems Engineering: A Vision Paper
Authors: Chami Mohammad , Abdoun Nabil , Bruel Jean‐Michel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBoth Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have been challenged for their deployment in real‐world applications. Although MBSE remains the focal point of any systems engineering activities, its adoption still faces significant hurdles to demonstrate its return on investment. Recently, AI has received intensive attention, and its applications made their way into our daily life products. From an industrial perspective, within the context of the design and development of mechatronic systems, there is a lack of coherent foundation to enable the application of AI in MBSE. This vision paper discusses the role of AI in solving a set of MBSE challenges. As a result, we contribute by describing the actual MBSE adoption challenges and follow up with the characterization of the capabilities of AI in solving these challenges. With this initial work, we aim to trigger both AI and MBSE communities for further research discussions and industrial applications to help in achieving an intelligent design and development environment.
Model‐Based Analysis of Standard Operating Procedures' Role in Abnormal and Emergency Events
Authors: Bashatah Jomana , Sherry Lance 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStandard Operating Procedures (SOP) describe the desired flight‐crew response to mission events including normal, abnormal, and emergency events. The SOPs define flight‐crew step‐by‐step actions to perform the SOP appropriate for the mission event. Although the aircraft and automation are tested rigorously for certification, and the flight‐crew are trained and qualified through simulator and flight check‐rides, oversight of the SOPs is marginal. This is especially problematic for SOPs that must be completed in a short Allowable Operational Time Window (AOTW) prior to the occurrence of a hazardous event. The AOTW can be variable due to environmental conditions (e.g. wind, aircraft performance), as is the Time‐on‐Procedure (ToP) (e.g. simultaneous procedures/events, disruptions/distractions in the cockpit, variability in individual human performance). The variance motivates the need for modeling and analysis of SOPs.This paper used a modeling language embedded in a System Engineering Model‐Based tool to evaluate the execution performance of the SOPs for abnormal/emergency mission events with regard to ToP and AOTW. The analysis yielded a classification of the accident scenarios by: (1) Insufficient AOTW, (2) Excessive ToP, or (3) combination of excessive ToP and insufficient AOTW. For the excessive ToP, the analysis highlighted the issue of delay in initiating an SOP due to ambiguity in the triggering cue from the external environment, or missing associations between a cockpit alert and the SOP. The analysis also highlighted issues arising from the presence of memory items in the SOP, or cues that are out of the operator's Field of View (FoV). In all cases, the results highlighted the importance of a method for quantifying the performance of SOPs considering the variability in ToP and AOTW. The implications of these results are discussed.
Piperazin incorporated Schiff Base derivatives: Assessment of in vitro biological activities, metabolic enzyme inhibition properties, and molecular docking calculations
Authors: Mermer Arif , Tüzün Burak , Daştan Sevgi Durna , Koçyiğit Ümit M. , Çetin Feyza Nur , Çevik Özge 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe cytotoxic activities of the compounds were determined by the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazolyl‐2)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method in human breast cancer (MCF‐7), human cervical cancer (HeLa), and mouse fibroblast (L929) cell lines. The compounds MAAS‐5 and four modified the supercoiled tertiary structure of pBR322 plasmid DNA. MAAS‐5 showed the highest cytotoxic activity in HeLa, MCF‐7, and L929 cells with IC50 values of 16.76 ± 3.22, 28.83 ± 5.61, and 2.18 ± 1.22 µM, respectively. MAAS‐3 was found to have almost the lowest cytotoxic activities with the IC50 values of 93.17 ± 9.28, 181.07 ± 11.54, and 16.86 ± 6.42 µM in HeLa, MCF‐7, and L929 cells respectively at 24 h. Moreover, the antiepileptic potentials of these compounds were investigated in this study. To this end, the effect of newly synthesized Schiff base derivatives on the enzyme activities of carbonic anhydrase I and II isozymes (human carbonic anhydrase [hCA] I and hCA II) was evaluated spectrophotometrically. The target compounds demonstrated high inhibitory activities compared with standard inhibitors with Ki values in the range of 4.54 ± 0.86–15.46 ± 8.65 nM for hCA I (Ki value for standard inhibitor =  12.08 ± 2.00 nM), 1.09 ± 0.32–29.94 ± 0.82 nM for hCA II (Ki value for standard inhibitor = 18.22 ± 4.90  nM). Finally, the activities of the compounds were compared with the Gaussian programme in the B3lyp, HF, M062X base sets with 6‐31++G (d,p) levels. In addition, the activities of five compounds against various breast cancer proteins and hCA I and II were compared with molecular docking calculations. Also, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity analysis was performed to investigate the possibility of using five compounds as drug candidates.
Sesamol attenuates bleomycin‐induced pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis in experimental animals
Authors: Kaushik Swati , Bhargava Poorva , Sharma Jatin , Arava Sudheer , Nag Tapas C. , Arya Dharamvir S. , Bhatia Jagriti 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSesamol, a lignan obtained from roasted seeds of Sesamum indicum, has high antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity. In this study, we have investigated the effect of sesamol on Bleomycin (BLM) induced pulmonary toxicity as well as fibrosis in Wistar rats. Lung toxicity was induced by administration of BLM, 0.015 U/g ip, twice weekly for 28 days whereas lung fibrosis was induced by BLM, 0.015 U/g ip, every 5th day for 49 days. Sesamol administration was started 7 days before first dose of BLM in both the models. It was observed that sesamol 50 mg/kg most effectively attenuated pulmonary toxicity by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. This dose was further evaluated for its anti‐fibrotic effect. It was observed that there was a significant reduction in fibrosis. Lung collagen content was markedly reduced. Furthermore, expression of pro‐fibrotic proteins, TGF‐β/SMAD and α‐SMA, was reduced and that of anti‐fibrotic protein, AMPK, was markedly increased. Even though the combination of sesamol with pirfenidone exhibited no additional protection than either drug alone, it is evident from our study that our test drug, sesamol is comparable in efficacy to pirfenidone. Thus, sesamol has promising therapeutic potential in treatment of pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis.
Intelligent biogenic pH‐sensitive and amine‐responsive color‐changing label for real‐time monitoring of shrimp freshness
Authors: Chen Miao‐miao , Li Bing‐hang , Wu Yuan , He Ze , Xiong Xiao‐bing , Han Wei‐dong , Liu Bing , Yang Shan‐bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study developed an intelligent, pH‐sensitive and amine‐responsive colorimetric label based on chitosan, whey protein and thymol blue by controlling the pH value of the film‐forming solution. The obtained label was used to monitor shrimp freshness in real time. The results of this study offer a new approach for developing highly intelligent biogenic labels for freshness monitoring during seafood preservation and processing.RESULTSThe pH 2.0 chitosan–whey protein–thymol blue (CWT‐pH 2.0) label exhibited remarkable properties, including the highest tensile strength (5.90 MPa), excellent thermal stability, low water solubility (27.80%) and highly sensitive color responsiveness. The characterization techniques of scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the effective immobilization of thymol blue within the film‐forming matrix through hydrogen bonding. Furthermore, the CWT‐pH 2.0 label demonstrated visible color changes in the presence of volatile ammonia concentrations ranging from 25 to 25 000 ppm. Consequently, the label successfully facilitated real‐time monitoring of shrimp freshness during storage at 4 °C. Importantly, the release rate of thymol blue from the label in food simulants was minimal, measuring only 2.53%.CONCLUSIONThe CWT‐pH 2.0 label exhibits significant potential as a highly intelligent biogenic label for freshness monitoring in seafood preservation and processing. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Drivers of consumer acceptability of cassava gari‐eba food products across cultural and environmental settings using the triadic comparison of technologies approach (tricot)
Authors: Olaosebikan Olamide , Bello Abolore , de Sousa Kauê , Ndjouenkeu Robert , Adesokan Michael , Alamu Emmanuel , Agbona Afolabi , Van Etten Jacob , Kégah Franklin Ngoualem , Dufour Dominique , Bouniol Alexandre , Teeken Béla 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDNigeria and Cameroon are multi‐ethnic countries with diverse preferences for food characteristics. The present study aimed to inform cassava breeders on consumer‐prioritized eba quality traits. Consumer testing was carried out using the triadic comparison of technologies (tricot). Diverse consumers in villages, towns and cities evaluated the overall acceptability of eba made from different cassava genotypes. Data from both countries were combined and linked to laboratory analyses of eba and the gari used to make it.RESULTSThere is a strong preference for eba with higher cohesiveness and eba from gari with higher brightness and especially in Cameroon, with lower redness and yellowness. Relatively higher eba hardness and springiness values are preferred in the Nigerian locations, whereas lower values are preferred in Cameroon. Trends for solubility and swelling power of the gari differ between the two countries. The study also reveals that the older improved cassava genotype TMS30572 is a benchmark genotype with superior eba characteristics across different regions in Nigeria, whereas the recently released variety Game changer performs very well in Cameroon. In both locations, the recently released genotypes Obansanjo‐2 and improved variety TM14F1278P0003 have good stability and overall acceptability for eba characteristics.CONCLUSIONThe wide acceptance of a single genotype across diverse geographical and cultural conditions in Nigeria, as well as three acceptable new improved varieties in both locations, indicates that consumers' preferences are surprisingly homogeneous for eba. This would enhance breeding efforts to develop varieties with wider acceptability and expand potential target areas for released varieties. © 2023 The Authors.Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculturepublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of backfilled stone/brine media on the long‐term free corrosion and electrochemical performance of an aluminum sacrificial anode
Authors: Zhao Yongtao , Wang Yanbin , Tong Hongtao , Wang Hui , Song Shenyou , Hou Kejiang , Qiu Yubing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn Al–Zn–In–Si–Sn–Ti sacrificial anode, utilized to protect steel shells of subsea‐immersed tunnels, works in a backfilled stone (6–10 mm)/brine (40 Ω cm) media (125 Ω cm). This paper investigated its impact on the anode's long‐term free corrosion and electrochemical performance. After prolonged free corrosion, the anode's general corrosion rate is minimal. Although its capacity (Q) and current efficiency (η) increase slightly, it shows a nonuniform dissolution state. Over a long‐term working period, a significant amount of Al(OH)3 deposits and diffuses between the backfilled stone toward the cathode surface, creating distinct stone impressions and a thick product layer. These effects considerably increase the media ρ around the anode and continuously decrease the brine's pH, decreasing Q and η values and output currents. Nonetheless, the current distribution within the media gradually becomes uniform with time, resulting in a homogeneous potential distribution along the cathode.
Clinical benefit and safety associated with mRNA vaccines for advanced solid tumors: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Tian‐yi , Xu Hang , Zheng Xiao‐nan , Xiong Xing‐yu , Zhang Shi‐yu , Yi Xian‐yanling , Li Jin , Wei Qiang , Ai Jian‐zhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTumor mRNA vaccines have been developed for over 20 years. Whether mRNA vaccines could promote a clinical benefit to advanced cancer patients is highly unknown. PubMed and Embase were retrieved from January 1, 2000 to January 4, 2023. Random effects models were employed. Clinical benefit (objective response rate [ORR], disease control rate [DCR], 1‐year/2‐year progression‐free survival [PFS], and overall survival [OS]) and safety (vaccine‐related grade 3–5 adverse events [AEs]) were evaluated. Overall, 984 patients (32 trials) were enrolled. The most typical cancer types were melanoma (13 trials), non‐small cell lung cancer (5 trials), renal cell carcinoma (4 trials), and prostate adenocarcinoma (4 trials). The pooled ORR and DCR estimates were 10.0% (95%CI, 4.6–17.0%) and 34.6% (95%CI, 24.1–45.9%). The estimates for 1‐year and 2‐year PFS were 38.4% (95%CI, 24.8−53.0%) and 20.0% (95%CI, 10.4–31.7%), respectively. The estimates for 1‐year and 2‐year OS were 75.3% (95%CI, 62.4–86.3%) and 45.5% (95%CI, 34.0–57.2%), respectively. The estimate for vaccine‐related grade 3–5 AEs was 1.0% (95%CI, 0.2–2.4%). Conclusively, mRNA vaccines seem to demonstrate modest clinical response rates, with acceptable survival rates and rare grade 3–5 AEs.