bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Locoregional Recurrence Patterns in Patients With Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer
Authors: Cheun Jong-Ho , Kim Hong-Kyu , Moon Hyeong-Gon , Han Wonshik , Lee Han-Byoel 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceWhile numerous studies have consistently reported that the molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC) are associated with different patterns of distant metastasis, few studies have investigated the association of tumor subtypes with locoregional recurrence.ObjectiveTo investigate the patterns of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), regional recurrence (RR), and contralateral BC (CBC) according to tumor subtypes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used the clinical records of patients who underwent BC surgery at a single institution in South Korea between January 2000 and December 2018. Data were analyzed from May 1, 2019, to February 20, 2023.ExposuresIpsilateral breast tumor recurrence, RR, and CBC events.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was differences in annual incidence patterns of IBTR, RR, and CBC according to tumor subtypes. Hormone receptor (HR) status was assessed by immunohistochemical staining assay, and ERBB2 status was evaluated according to American Society of Clinical Oncology and College of American Pathologists guidelines.ResultsA total of 16 462 female patients were included in the analysis (median age at time of operation, 49.0 years [IQR, 43.0-57.0 years]). The 10-year IBTR-, RR-, and CBC-free survival rates were 95.9%, 96.1%, and 96.5%, respectively. On univariate analysis, HR−/ERBB2+ tumors had the worst IBTR-free survival (vs HR+/ERBB2− subtype: adjusted hazard ratio, 2.95; 95% CI, 2.15-4.06), while the HR−/ERBB2– subtype had the worst RR- and CBC-free survival among all subtypes (vs HR+/ERBB2− subtype, RR: adjusted hazard ratio, 2.95; 95% CI, 2.37-3.67; CBC: adjusted hazard ratio, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.64-2.75). Subtype remained significantly associated with recurrence events in Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Regarding the annual recurrence pattern, the IBTR patterns of HR−/ERBB2+ and HR−/ERBB2− subtypes showed double peaks, while HR+/ERBB2− tumors showed a steadily increasing pattern without distinguishable peaks. Additionally, the HR+/ERBB2− subtype seemed to have a steady RR pattern, but other subtypes showed the highest RR incidence at 1 year following surgery, which then gradually decreased. The annual recurrence incidence of CBC gradually increased among all subtypes, and patients with the HR−/ERBB2− subtype had a higher incidence than patients with other subtypes over 10 years. Younger patients (age ≤40 years) had greater differences in IBTR, RR, and CBC patterns between subtypes than did older patients.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, locoregional recurrence occurred with different patterns according to BC subtypes, with younger patients having greater differences in patterns among subtypes than older patients. The findings suggest that tailoring surveillance should be recommended regarding differences in locoregional recurrence patterns according to tumor subtypes, particularly for younger patients.
A model to optimize the location and size of facilities based on the area of the facility and the visit time of users
Authors: Tsunoda Masaki , Yoshikawa Tohru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a new model to optimize the location and size of facilities that serve the public. The objective function is based on the floor area of the facility and the time that individuals spend in the facility. In this model, the area is used to represent the range of services provided by the facility: the larger the area, the more services are available, and thus the greater the utility. Time spent is based on daily time use and represents the degree to which users could enjoy the services provided: If the time spent in the facility is short, users are unable to take full advantage of the services offered. Focusing on the actual time spent makes it possible to avoid an overestimation of the facility's utility. The proposed model is applied to both a virtual city and an actual city. The results indicate that the optimum size of a facility depends on the amount of time that users can spend in the facility without restriction and that the optimum location is influenced by user activity patterns and population distribution. This suggests that planners should survey the daily time use of potential users before integrating facilities.
The Role of TCA Cycle Enzymes in Plants
Authors: Zhang Youjun , Fernie Alisdair R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs one of the iconic pathways in plant metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is commonly thought to not only be responsible for the oxidization of respiratory substrate to drive ATP synthesis but also provide carbon skeletons to anabolic processes and contribute to carbon–nitrogen interaction and biotic stress responses. The functions of the TCA cycle enzymes are characterized by a saturation transgenesis approach, whereby the constituent expression of proteins is knocked out or reduced in order to investigate their function in vivo. The alteration of TCA cycle enzyme expression results in changed plant growth and photosynthesis under controlled conditions. Moreover, improvements in plant performance and postharvest properties are reported by overexpression of either endogenous forms or heterologous genes of a number of the enzymes. Given the importance of the TCA cycle in plant metabolism regulation, here, the function of each enzyme and its roles in different tissues are discussed. This article additionally highlights the recent finding that the plant TCA cycle, like that of mammals and microbes, dynamically assembles functional substrate channels or metabolons and discusses the implications of this finding to the current understanding of the metabolic regulation of the plant TCA cycle.
A 3D Cell‐Free Bone Model Shows Collagen Mineralization is Driven and Controlled by the Matrix
Authors: van der Meijden Robin H.M. , Daviran Deniz , Rutten Luco , Walboomers X. Frank , Macías‐Sánchez Elena , Sommerdijk Nico , Akiva Anat 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOsteons, the main organizational components of human compact bone, are cylindrical structures composed of layers of mineralized collagen fibrils, called lamellae. These lamellae have different orientations, different degrees of organization, and different degrees of mineralization where the intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar minerals are intergrown into one continuous network of oriented crystals. While cellular activity is clearly the source of the organic matrix, recent in vitro studies call into question whether the cells are also involved in matrix mineralization and suggest that this process could be simply driven by the interactions of the mineral with extracellular matrix. Through the remineralization of demineralized bone matrix, the complete multiscale reconstruction of the 3D structure and composition of the osteon without cellular involvement are demonstrated. Then, this cell‐free in vitro system is explored as a realistic, functional model for the in situ investigation of matrix‐controlled mineralization processes. Combined Raman and electron microscopy indicate that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) play a more prominent role than generally assumed in the matrix–mineral interactions. The experiments also show that the organization of the collagen is in part a result of its interaction with the developing mineral.
Flexible Vanadium Dioxide Photodetectors for Visible to Longwave Infrared Detection at Room Temperature
Authors: Balendhran Sivacarendran , Taha Mohammad , Wang Shifan , Yan Wei , Higashitarumizu Naoki , Wen Dingchen , Azar Nima Sefidmooye , Bullock James , Mulvaney Paul , Javey Ali , Crozier Kenneth B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFlexible optoelectronics is a rapidly growing field, with a wide range of potential applications. From wearable sensors to bendable solar cells, curved displays, and curved focal plane arrays, the possibilities are endless. The criticality of flexible photodetectors for many of these applications is acknowledged, however, devices that are demonstrated thus far are limited in their spectral range. In this study, flexible photodetectors are demonstrated using a VOx nanoparticle ink, with an extremely broad operating wavelength range of 0.4 to 20 µm. This ink is synthesized using a simple and scalable wet‐chemical process. These photodetectors operate at room temperature and exhibit minimal variance in performance even when bent at angles of up to 100 ° at a bend radius of 6.4 mm. In addition, rigorous strain testing of 100 bend and release cycles revealed a photoresponse with a standard deviation of only 0.55%. This combination of mechanical flexibility, wide spectral response, and ease of fabrication makes these devices highly desirable for a wide range of applications, including low‐cost wearable sensors and hyperspectral imaging systems.
Stretchable and Self‐Healable Semiconductive Composites Based on Hydrogen Bonding Cross‐linked Elastomeric Matrix
Authors: Wang Yunfei , Chen Kai‐Lin , Prine Nathaniel , Rondeau‐Gagné Simon , Chiu Yu‐Cheng , Gu Xiaodan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSemiconductors with both high stretchability and self‐healing capability are highly desirable for various wearable devices. Much progress has been achieved in designing highly stretchable semiconductive polymers or composites. The demonstration of self‐healable semiconductive composite is still rare. Here, an extremely soft, highly stretchable, and self‐healable hydrogen bonding cross‐linked elastomer, amide functionalized‐polyisobutylene (PIB‐amide) is developed, to enable a self‐healable semiconductive composite through compounding with a high‐performance conjugated diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP‐T) polymer. The composite, consisting of 20% DPP‐T and 80% PIB‐amide, shows record high crack‐onset strain (COS ≈1500%), extremely low elastic modulus (E≈1.6 MPa), and unique ability to spontaneously self‐heal atroom temperature within 5 min. Unlike previous works, these unique composite materials also show strain‐independent charge mobility. An in‐depth morphological study based on multi‐model techniques indicate that all composites show blending ratio‐ and stretching‐independent fibril‐like aggregation due to the strong hydrogen bond in elastomer to enable the unique stable charge mobility. This study provides a new direction to develop highly healable and electronically stable semiconductive composite and will enable new applications of stretchable electronics.
Interlayer Injection of Low‐Valence Zn Atoms to Activate MXene‐Based Micro‐Redox Capacitors With Battery‐Type Voltage Plateaus
Authors: Cao Zhiqian , Liang Guojin , Ho Derek , Zhi Chunyi , Hu Haibo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInsufficient and unstable energy output is the bottleneck issue radically restricting the application of micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs). Herein, an interlayer atom injection strategy that can anchor low‐valence Zn atoms (Znδ+, 0 < δ <2) on O‐terminals of Ti3C2Tx (MXene) flakes within the MXene/silver‐nanowires hybrid cathode of symmetric MSCs is first presented. Combining the polyacrylamide/ZnCl2 hydrogel electrolyte rich in Cl− and Zn2+ ions, the matched Znδ+/Zn2+ (−0.76 V vs SHE) and Ag/AgCl (0.23 V vs SHE), redox couples between the symmetrical electrodes are activated to offer faradaic charge storage beside ions‐intercalation involved pseudocapacitance. Thus, a battery‐type voltage plateau (≈0.9 V) appears in the discharge curve of a fabricated pseudo‐symmetric micro‐redox capacitor, simultaneously achieving energy density enhancement (117 µWh cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2) and substantially improved power output stability (46% of the energy from the plateau region) relative to that before activation (98 µWh cm−2 without voltage platform). The work provides a fire‐new strategy to overcome the performance bottlenecks confronting conventional MSCs.
Recent Progress in MOF‐Derived Porous Materials as Electrodes for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Song Gongjing , Shi Yuxin , Jiang Shu , Pang Huan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, metal‐organic frameworks, especially MOF‐based derivatives, have been regarded as one of the best candidate electrode materials for the next generation of advanced materials, due to high porosity, large surface area, modifiable functional groups as well as controllable chemical composition. This review presents the corresponding synthesis methods, structural design, and electrochemical performance of MOF‐derived materials, including metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal phosphides, and carbon materials, in high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries. Subsequently, the problems that exist in the current application of MOF‐based derivatives as electrodes in lithium‐ion batteries are discussed along with possible and feasible solutions. At last, some reasonable pathways and strategies for the design of MOF derivatives are also suggested.
Machine Learning Assisted Analysis, Prediction, and Fabrication of High‐Efficiency CZTSSe Thin Film Solar Cells
Authors: Karade Vijay C. , Sutar Santosh S. , Shin Seung Wook , Suryawanshi Mahesh P. , Jang Jun Sung , Gour Kuldeep Singh , Kamat Rajanish K. , Yun Jae Ho , Dongale Tukaram D. , Kim Jin Hyeok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Earth‐abundant element‐based Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) absorber is considered as a promising material for thin‐film solar cells (TFSCs). The current record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CZTSSe TFSCs is ≈13%, and it's still lower than CdTe and CIGS‐based TFSCs. A further breakthrough in its PCE mainly relies on deep insights into the various device fabrication conditions; accordingly, the experimental–oriented machine learning (ML) approach can be an effective way to discover key governing factors in improving PCE. The present work aims to identify the key governing factors throughout the device fabrication processes and apply them to break the saturated PCE for CZTSSe TFSCs. For realization, over 25,000 data points were broadly collected by fabricating more than 1300 CZTSSe TFSC devices and analyzed them using various ML techniques. Through extensive ML analysis, the i‐ZnO thickness is found to be the first, while Zn/Sn compositional ratio and sulfo‐selenization temperature are other key governing factors under thin or thick i‐ZnO thickness to achieve over 11% PCE. Based on these key governing factors, the applied random forest ML prediction model for PCE showed Adj. R2 = >0.96. Finally, the best‐predicted ML conditions considered for experimental validation showed well‐matched experimental outcomes with different ML models.
Bio‐inspired Protein‐Based and Activatable Adhesion Systems
Authors: Heinritz Christina , Ng Xuen J. , Scheibel Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdhesives are in general chemically or physically sticky substances used to join surfaces. In case of gluing biological and living substrates, there is a need for bioadhesives that meet requirements such as biocompatibility, non‐toxicity, and degradability. Inspiration for bioadhesives is found in nature, where distinct mussels, sandcastle worms, barnacles, caddisfly larvae, spiders, and glowworms amongst others, use mainly protein‐based glues for various purposes. There is a great selection of reviews and books covering the use of various bioadhesives in various applications, but here the focus lies on advances in the development of bio‐inspired protein‐based adhesives for biomedical applications.
Collective Surface Enabling an Ultralong Life of LiCoO2 at High Voltage and Elevated Temperature
Authors: Zhang Wen , Cheng Fangyuan , Wang Meng , Xu Jia , Li Yuyu , Sun Shixiong , Xu Yue , Wang Liang , Xu Leimin , Li Qing , Fang Chun , Lu Yuhao , Han Jiantao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRapidly increasing demand for energy density in consumer electronics is eager for developing high‐voltage LiCoO2 (LCO). However, some great challenges such as severe phase transition and surface instability negate the cycle life of LCO operated at high‐voltages (≥4.6 V). Herein, a chemical reconstruction strategy is proposed to form a collective surface of LCO through an interdiffusion reaction of MgHPO4·3H2O (MP) so as to extend the cycle life of high‐voltage LCO. The collective surface renders a three‐layer configuration that demonstrates an amorphous Li3PO4 outmost layer, a spinel‐like layer beneath, and a Mg diffusion layer within LCO bulk. MP with relatively low hardness enables the uniform precoating via mechanical mixing, followed by a sintering process to undergo an interdiffusion reaction. Li3PO4 is an intrinsic electrochemical stabilizer against interfacial side reactions. The spinel‐like compounds build a high‐voltage‐stable surface against irreversible O2 release. In addition, Mg diffuses into the bulk lattice to suppress irreversible phase transition during the deep delithiation of LCO. Therefore, such modified LCO with a collective surface exhibits ultralong life with capacity retention of 82% after 1000 cycles at 1 C within 3.0–4.6 V and stable operating at 4.7 V or elevated temperature (45 °C).
Recent Advances in Layered Two‐Dimensional Ferroelectrics from Material to Device
Authors: Lin Shenmao , Zhang Geyang , Lai Qinglin , Fu Jun , Zhu Wenguang , Zeng Hualing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the advent of the post Moore era, modern electronics require further device miniaturization of all electronic components, particularly ferroelectric memories, due to the need for massive data storage. This demand stimulates the exploration of robust switchable ferroelectric polarizations at the atomic scale. In this scenario, van der Waals ferroelectrics have recently gained increasing attention because of their stable layered structure at nanometer thickness, offering the opportunity to realize two‐dimensional ferroelectricity that is long‐sought in conventional thin film ferroelectrics. In this review, recent advancements are summarized in layered ferroelectrics with highlights of the fundamentals of intrinsic two‐dimensional ferroelectricity, the emergence of artificial stacking ferroelectricity, and related protype devices with exotic functions. In addition, the unique polarization control in van der Waals ferroelectrics is discussed. Although great challenges remain unsolved, these studies undoubtedly advance the integration of 2D ferroelectrics in electronics.
Power‐Free Contact Lens for Glucose Sensing
Authors: Li Zongkang , Yun Jeonghun , Li Xiaoya , Kim Moobum , Li Jia , Lee Donghoon , Wu Angyin , Lee Seok Woo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent advances in wearable devices have enabled noninvasive monitoring for healthcare applications. Smart contact lenses have gained substantial attention for medical diagnosis through the analysis of vital signs in tear fluids. However, previous studies have mostly focused on designs embedded with electronic devices or antennas for wireless transmission, which are power‐intensive and require external receivers around the ocular system. Here, the study reports a power‐free smart contact lens for noninvasive glucose sensing according to the color changes of multiple electrochromic electrodes to achieve direct data transmission without the external wireless system. The device detects various glucose concentrations, from the ordinary range (0.16–0.5 mm) to abnormally high concentrations (0.9 mm). The multi‐electrode design exhibits acceptable accuracy, with a correlation coefficient r = 0.99543 to the controlled sample and allowed low‐glucose detections with concentrations down to 0.05 mm. The device shows good reproducibility, with standard deviations of determined glucose levels of 0.0462 and 0.025 for four continuous cycles and for an interval of several days, respectively. It is believed that the reported smart contact lens has the potential for daily health monitoring by ordinary users without a power supply and external devices. Its simple electronics‐free structure will allow for immediate application to the market with cost‐effective manufacturing.
Skin‐Adherent Elastomer‐Hydrogel Patch for Continuous 12‐Lead Cardiac Ambulatory Monitoring during Physical Activities
Authors: Li Yue , Zhao Zibin , Veronica Asmita , Yu Yeung Sin , Hsing I‐Ming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractContinuous electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring is a necessity to prevent the sudden occurrence of cardiac events and premature death. Wearable bioelectronics provides the opportunity to realize noninvasive 12‐lead ambulatory monitoring for cardiovascular disease (CVD) detection and diagnosis. This work introduces a 12‐lead ECG patch that eliminates the issues associated with compliance, skin damage, and user‐discomfort encountered in conventional ECG sensors. The patch is safe, stretchable, and skin‐adherent with an adaptable design that allows for user‐friendly ECG monitoring. These can be attributed to the unique 3‐bridge patch structure, embedded liquid metal circuitry, and the wet‐adhesive polyacrylamide‐polydopamine‐tannic acid (PAM‐PDA‐TA) hydrogel. The hydrogel displays improved wet adhesiveness and biosafety for long‐term usage on deforming skin. The patch can acquire clean and consistent ECG signals with a higher signal‐to‐noise (SNR) ratio compared to commercial electrodes during both static and dynamic monitoring. The outstanding performance of the patch ascertains its potential for daily continuous ECG monitoring and remote diagnosis.
All Electrohydrodynamic Printed Flexible Organic Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Ren Ping , Song Runqiao , Zhu Yong , O'Connor Brendan , Dong Jingyan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe demand of cost‐effective fabrication of printed flexible transistors has dramatically increased in recent years due to the need for flexible interface devices for various application including e‐skins, wearables, and medical patches. In this study, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing processes are developed to fabricate all the components of polymer‐based organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), including source/drain and gate electrodes, semiconductor channel, and gate dielectrics, which streamline the fabrication procedure for flexible OTFTs. The flexible transistors with top‐gate‐bottom‐contact configuration are fabricated by integrating organic semiconductor (i.e., poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) blended with small molecule 2,7‐dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene), conductive polymer (i.e., poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate), and ion‐gel dielectric. These functional inks are carefully designed with orthogonal solvents to enable their compatible printing into multilayered flexible OTFTs. The EHD printing process of each functional component is experimentally characterized and optimized. The fully EHD‐printed OTFTs show good electrical performance with mobility of 2.86 × 10−1 cm2 V−1 s−1 and on/off ratio of 104, and great mechanical flexibility with small mobility change at bending radius of 6 mm and stable transistor response under hundreds of bending cycles. The demonstrated all printing‐based fabrication process provides a cost‐effective route toward flexible electronics with OTFTs.