bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Exclusion Separation of 1‐Butene Isomers by a Robust Metal–Organic Framework under Humid Conditions
Authors: Huang Xin , Jiang Shuyi , Ma Dou , Xie Jing , Feng Xiao , Wang Bo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeparating n‐butene and i‐butene by adsorption is an energy‐efficient alternative, but designing porous adsorbents that distinguish the subtle differences between the isomers is extremely challenging. Currently, adsorbents that can sieve 1‐butene isomers and are stable enough to withstand humid gas mixtures are largely unmet. Herein, we propose a robust ultramicroporous metal–organic framework (MET‐Fe) that can separate 1‐butene isomers through molecular exclusion. The pore aperture size (4.6 Å) precisely matches the kinetic diameters of the isomers, as verified by static and kinetic adsorption experiments and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, dynamic breakthrough experiments confirmed the excellent separation performance, easy regeneration, and remarkable reusability of MET‐Fe in both dry and humid conditions. With its high selectivity, large breakthrough capacity, and outstanding stability, MET‐Fe provides an ideal platform for industrial butene isomers separation.
Enaminone‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Guan Xinyu , Qian Yunyang , Zhang Xiyuan , Jiang Hai‐Long 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs), possessing pre‐designable structures and tailorable functionalities, are promising candidates for photocatalysis. Nevertheless, the most studied imine‐linked COFs (Im‐COFs) usually suffer from unsatisfactory stability and photocatalytic performance. To meet this challenge, a series of highly stable enaminone‐linked COFs (En‐COFs) have been synthesized and afford much improved visible‐light‐driven hydrogen production activities, ranging from 44 to 1078 times that of isoreticular Im‐COFs, with the only difference being the linkages (enaminone vs. imine) in their structures. The enhanced light‐harvesting ability, facilitated exciton dissociation and improved chemical stability account for the superior activity. Furthermore, quinoline‐linked COFs (Qu‐COFs) have been further obtained via the post‐modification of Im‐COFs. Compared with Im‐COFs, the photocatalytic activities of Qu‐COFs are significantly improved after modification, but still below those of the corresponding En‐COFs (3–107 times). The facile synthesis, excellent activity, and high chemical stability demonstrate that En‐COFs are a promising platform for photocatalysis.
Sunspot activity and birth defects among Texas births (1999–2016)
Authors: Hoyt Adrienne T. , Shumate Charles J. , Langlois Peter H. , Waller Dorothy K. , Scheuerle Angela E. , Ranjit Nalini , Layne Charles S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundBuilding on findings that linked higher levels of sunspot (SS) activity with a range of health and adverse birth outcomes, we sought to understand how SS activity over a 17‐year time period may be correlated with the occurrence of birth defects.MethodsData from the Texas Birth Defects Registry, vital events from the Texas Center for Health Statistics, and mean monthly numbers of sunspots from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration were utilized. Poisson regression was used to calculate crude/adjusted prevalence ratios (cPRs/aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals for three quartiles (Q) of increasing SS activity (compared to a referent of low activity) and 44 birth defects (31 non‐cardiac; 13 cardiac) with estimated dates of conception from 1998 to 2016.ResultsWe found moderately protective aPRs (range: 0.60–0.89) in a little over half of the case groups examined in our quartiles of higher SS activity (19 non‐cardiac; 6 cardiac), after adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, and education. Particularly protective aPRs in the highest SS quartiles (Q3–4) were noted for: anophthalmia, cataract, gastroschisis, trisomy 18, ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects, and pulmonary valve atresia or stenosis. Conversely, modestly elevated aPRs were noted for two defect groups (agenesis, aplasia, and hypoplasia of the lung and microcephaly [Q2–3]). Following an additional adjustment of year of conception, results remained similar although many of the estimates were attenuated.ConclusionThe seemingly protective associations between increasing SS activity may be an artifact of increasing spontaneous abortions that occur following conception during these periods of heightened SS activity.
Cytoskeleton network participates in the anti‐infection responses of macrophage
Authors: Mei Jie , Huang Xinyi , Fan Changyuan , Fang Jianwu , Jiu Yaming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDuring immune responses against invading pathogenic bacteria, the cytoskeleton network enables macrophages to implement multiple essential functions. To protect the host from infection, macrophages initially polarize to adopt different phenotypes in response to distinct signals from the microenvironment. The extracellular stimulus regulates the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, thereby altering the morphology and migratory properties of macrophages. Subsequently, macrophages degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and migrate toward the sites of infection to directly contact invading pathogens, during which the involvement of cytoskeleton‐based structures such as podosomes and lamellipodia is indispensable. Ultimately, macrophages execute the function of phagocytosis to engulf and eliminate the invading pathogens. Phagocytosis is a complex process that requires the cooperation of cytoskeleton‐enriched super‐structures, such as filopodia, lamellipodia, and phagocytic cup. This review presents an overview of cytoskeletal regulations in macrophage polarization, ECM degradation, migration, and phagocytosis, highlighting the pivotal role of the cytoskeleton in host defense against infection.
Enrichment of adeno‐associated virus serotype 5 full capsids by anion exchange chromatography with dual salt elution gradients
Authors: Lavoie R. Ashton , Zugates Jeffrey T. , Cheeseman Andrew T. , Teten Matt A. , Ramesh Srivatsan , Freeman Julia M. , Swango Summer , Fitzpatrick Jeremy , Joshi Amod , Hollers Bradley , Debebe Zufan , Lindgren Tyler K. , Kozak Amber N. , Kondeti Vinay K. , Bright Mary K. , Yearley Eric J. , Tracy Alexander , Irwin Jacob A. , Guerrero Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdeno‐associated virus‐based gene therapies have demonstrated substantial therapeutic benefit for the treatment of genetic disorders. In manufacturing processes, viral capsids are produced with and without the encapsidated gene of interest. Capsids devoid of the gene of interest, or “empty” capsids, represent a product‐related impurity. As a result, a robust and scalable method to enrich full capsids is crucial to provide patients with as much potentially active product as possible. Anion exchange chromatography has emerged as a highly utilized method for full capsid enrichment across many serotypes due to its ease of use, robustness, and scalability. However, achieving sufficient resolution between the full and empty capsids is not trivial. In this work, anion exchange chromatography was used to achieve empty and full capsid resolution for adeno‐associated virus serotype 5. A salt gradient screen of multiple salts with varied valency and Hofmeister series properties was performed to determine optimal peak resolution and aggregate reduction. Dual salt effects were evaluated on the same product and process attributes to identify any synergies with the use of mixed ion gradients. The modified process provided as high as ≥75% AAV5 full capsids (≥3‐fold enrichment based on the percent full in the feed stream) with near baseline separation of empty capsids and achieved an overall vector genome step yield of >65%.
Advances in high‐throughput, high‐capacity nonwoven membranes for chromatography in downstream processing: A review
Authors: Lavoie Joseph , Fan Jinxin , Pourdeyhimi Behnam , Boi Cristiana , Carbonell Ruben G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNonwoven membranes are highly engineered fibrous materials that can be manufactured on a large scale from a wide range of different polymers, and their surfaces can be modified using a large variety of different chemistries and ligands. The fiber diameters, surface areas, pore sizes, total porosities, and thicknesses of the nonwoven mats can be carefully controlled, providing many opportunities for creative approaches for the development of novel membranes with unique properties to meet the needs of the future of downstream processing. Fibrous membranes are already finding use in ultrafiltration, microfiltration, depth filtration, and, more recently, in membrane chromatography for product capture and impurity removal. This article summarizes the various methods of manufacturing nonwoven fabrics, and the many methods available for the modification of the fiber surfaces. It also reviews recent studies focused on the use of nonwoven fabric devices in membrane chromatography and provides some perspectives on the challenges that need to be overcome to increase binding capacities, decrease residence times, and reduce pressure drops so that eventually they can replace resin column chromatography in downstream process operations.
Deep learning in precision medicine and focus on glioma
Authors: Liu Yihao , Wu Minghua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDeep learning (DL) has been successfully applied to different fields for a range of tasks. In medicine, DL methods have been also used to improve the efficiency of disease diagnosis. In this review, we first summarize the history of the development of artificial intelligence models, demonstrate the features of the subtypes of machine learning and different DL networks, and then explore their application in the different fields of precision medicine, such as cardiology, gastroenterology, ophthalmology, dermatology, and oncology. By digging more information and extracting multilevel features from medical data, we found that DL helps doctors assess diseases automatically and monitor patients' physical health. In gliomas, research regarding application prospect of DL was mainly shown through magnetic resonance imaging and then by pathological slides. However, multi‐omics data, such as whole exome sequence, RNA sequence, proteomics, and epigenomics, have not been covered thus far. In general, the quality and quantity of DL datasets still need further improvements, and more fruitful multi‐omics characteristics will bring more comprehensive and accurate diagnosis in precision medicine and glioma.
N6‐methyladenosine modification of CENPF mRNA facilitates gastric cancer metastasis via regulating FAK nuclear export
Authors: Xu Penghui , Yang Jing , Chen Zetian , Zhang Xing , Xia Yiwen , Wang Sen , Wang Weizhi , Xu Zekuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common modification that occurs in eukaryotes. Although substantial effort has been made in the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer (GC) in recent years, the prognosis of GC patients remains unsatisfactory. The regulatory mechanism between m6A modification and GC development needs to be elucidated. In this study, we examined m6A modification and the downstream mechanism in GC.MethodsDot blotting assays, The Cancer Genome Atlas analysis, and quantitative real‑time PCR (qRT‐PCR) were used to measure the m6A levels in GC tissues. Methylated RNA‐immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing were performed to identify the targets of m6A modification. Western blotting, Transwell, wound healing, and angiogenesis assays were conducted to examine the role of centromere protein F (CENPF) in GC in vitro. Xenograft, immunohistochemistry, and in vivo metastasis experiments were conducted to examine the role of CENPF in GC in vivo. Methylated RNA‐immunoprecipitation‐qPCR, RNA immunoprecipitation‐qPCR and RNA pulldown assays were used to verify the m6A modification sites of CENPF. Gain/loss‐of‐function and rescue experiments were conducted to determine the relationship between CENPF and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in GC cells. Coimmunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, qRT‐PCR, and immunofluorescence assays were performed to explore the proteins that interact with CENPF and elucidate the regulatory mechanisms between them.ResultsCENPF was upregulated in GC and facilitated the metastasis of GC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, increased m6A modification of CENPF was mediated by methyltransferase 3, and this modified molecule could be recognized by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (HNRNPA2B1), thereby promoting its mRNA stability. In addition, the metastatic phenotype of CENPF was dependent on the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, CENPF could bind to FAK and promote its localization in the cytoplasm. Moreover, we discovered that high expression of CENPF was related to lymphatic invasion and overall survival in GC patients.ConclusionsOur findings revealed that increased m6A modification of CENPF facilitates the metastasis and angiogenesis of GC through the CENPF/FAK/MAPK and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition axis. CENPF expression was correlated with the clinical features of GC patients; therefore, CENPF may serve as a prognostic marker of GC.
An automatic feedback model for learning programming via block‐based programming platforms
Authors: Çakiroğlu Ünal , Mumcu Suheda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBlock‐based programming platforms (BBPP) are often introduced to students for teaching programming. To facilitate students learning to program with BBPPs, students need quality feedback. However, BBPPs' feedback systems sometimes fail to support students in learning programming. In this study, a new BBPP, including a novel automatic feedback model, is created to support secondary school students in learning programming concepts and applying problem‐solving strategies for problems in BBPPs better. The proposed feedback model analyses the students' blocks used in BBPPs and compares them with the correct solution by calculating the distance of the codes represented by the block patterns. Teachers' and students' initial evaluations about the BBPP were generally positive and promising. The proposed model is considered to have the potential for practical application in the design and implementation of the feedback model for BBPPs. We hope that the findings of this study will assist in the future design and implementation of feedback for BBPPs to facilitate the structural and strategic knowledge dimensions of programming.
Implementation of the measure of case discussion complexity to guide selection of prostate cancer patients for multidisciplinary team meetings
Authors: Wihl Jessica , Falini Victor , Borg Sixten , Stahl Olof , Jiborn Thomas , Ohlsson Bjorn , Nilbert Mef 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) provide an integrated team approach to ensure individualized and evidence‐based treatment recommendations and best expert advice in cancer care. A growing number of patients and more complex treatment options challenge MDTM resources and evoke needs for case prioritization. In this process, decision aids could provide streamlining and standardize evaluation of case complexity. We applied the recently developed Measure of Case Discussion Complexity, MeDiC, instrument with the aim to validate its performance in another healthcare setting and diagnostic area as a means to provide cases for full MDTM discussions.MethodsThe 26‐item MeDiC instrument evaluates case complexity and was applied to 364 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer in Sweden. MeDiC scores were generated from individual‐level health data and were correlated with clinicopathological parameters, healthcare setting, and the observed clinical case selection for MDTMs.ResultsApplication of the MeDiC instrument was feasible with rapid scoring based on available clinical data. Patients with high‐risk prostate cancers had significantly higher MeDiC scores than patients with low or intermediate‐risk cancers. In the total study, population affected lymph nodes and metastatic disease significantly influenced MDTM referral, whereas comorbidities and age did not predict MDTM referral. When individual patient MeDiC scores were compared to the clinical MDTM case selection, advanced stage, T3/T4 tumors, involved lymph nodes, presence of metastases and significant physical comorbidity were identified as key MDTM predictive factors.ConclusionsApplication of the MeDiC instrument in prostate cancer may be used to streamline case selection for MDTMs in cancer care and may complement clinical case selection.
Developing trends in showrooming, webrooming, and omnichannel shopping behaviors: Performance analysis, conceptual mapping, and future directions
Authors: Halibas Alrence S. , Van Nguyen Anh Thi , Akbari Mohammadreza , Akram Umair , Hoang Mai Do Thi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn an omnichannel era, businesses and marketers need insights into the dynamics of customer shopping behaviors, particularly the interplay between omnichannel, showrooming, and webrooming behaviors. This study investigates the evolution and trends of the research and channel shopping behaviors (RCSB) domain, spanning from 1998 to 2022, including the Covid‐19 era. The study performed a bibliometric review of 500 papers in the Scopus database. The performance analysis reveals an annual growth rate of nearly 16%, with average citations per document of 44, indicating sustained and growing research interest. Science mapping revealed five distinct cluster themes, including showrooming and webrooming in multi‐ and omni‐channel contexts; consumer behavior in online retail and shopping; customer satisfaction and trust in multi‐channel retailing; mobile commerce in a multi‐channel environment; and the interplay between online shopping, channel choice, and supply chain management. Furthermore, topics, such as showrooming, e‐commerce, retailing, and omnichannel retailing, remain popular before and during the pandemic, as seen in the thematic evolution. Our examination of the thematic maps revealed various topics that gained significance during the pandemic, such as multichannel, channel choice, customer experience, social commerce, purchase behavior, and covid‐19. Among these, the thematic maps indicate that customer experience, channel choice, multichannel, and covid‐19 are emerging and basic topics. These topics can steer research directions in the RCSB domain toward examining customer experiences using digital innovations, e‐commerce (including mobile and social commerce), and omnichannel strategy and management.
Copper(II) Complexes Derived from Schiff Bases Containing 4‐Methylbenzylamine as a Core Unit: Cytotoxicity, pBR322‐DNA Studies, Biological Assays, and Quantum Chemical Parameters
Authors: Shankar Dasari Shiva , Rambabu Aveli , M Swathi , Lakshmi P. V. Anantha , Shivaraj  
Published: May 2023

AbstractBivalent copper complexes, [Cu(SB1)2] 1 (SB1=(2‐(4‐methylbenzylimino)methyl)‐5‐methylphenol, [Cu(SB2)2] 2 (SB2=(2‐(4‐methylbenzylimino)methyl)‐4‐bromolphenol), and [Cu(SB3)2] 3 (SB3=(2‐(4‐methylbenzylimino)methyl)‐4,6‐dibromophenol) were synthesized using the Schiff bases prepared from 4‐methylbenzylamine (p‐tolylmethanamine). These were characterized using a variety of spectro‐analytical methods. For all copper complexes, a square planar geometry was determined through spectral analyses. Utilizing molecular orbital energies, the stability of the copper complexes was calculated from quantum chemical characteristics. The kinetic and thermal degradation parameters were calculated from the thermograms. Studies on DNA binding interactions, such as UV absorption and emission, have shown that the manner of DNA binding is intercalative, and the binding constant (Kb) order is 3>2>1. Under oxidative and photolytic techniques, the copper complexes outperform the parent Schiff bases in their ability to cleave double‐stranded pBR322 DNA. When tested for cytotoxicity on the KB3 and MCF7 cell lines, complexes displayed greater activity than their parent ligands. Studies on the complexes′ in‐vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activity showed that they are significantly more powerful than the parent ligands.
Sequence‐Independent Logical Regulation of the Assembly and Disassembly of DNA Polyhedra
Authors: Mei Zhichao , Wan Lingjun , Wei Mengzhou , Li Yulin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractControlling the self‐assembly of DNA nanostructures using rationally designed logic gates is a major goal of dynamic DNA nanotechnology, which could facilitate the development of biomedicine, molecular computation, et al. In previous works, the regulations mostly relied on either toehold‐mediated strand displacement or stimuli‐driven conformational switch, requiring elaborately‐designed or specific DNA sequences. Herein, we reported a facile, base‐sequence‐independent strategy for logically controlling DNA self‐assembly through external molecules. The INHIBIT and XOR logic controls over the assembly/disassembly of DNA polyhedra were realized through cystamine (Cyst) and ethylenediamine (EN) respectively, which were further integrated into a half subtractor circuit thanks to the sharing of the same inputs. Our work provides a sequence‐independent strategy in logically controlling DNA self‐assembly, which may open up new possibilities for dynamic DNA nanotechnology.
Systematic Structural Tuning Yields Hydrazonyl Sultones for Faster Bioorthogonal Protein Modification**
Authors: Fang Ming , Srikanth Kumar Gangam , Lin Qing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report the synthesis of a series of hydrazonyl sultones (HS) containing an ortho‐CF3 group, a five‐ or six‐membered sultone ring, and a varying N‐aryl substituent, and characterization of their aqueous stability and reactivity toward bicyclo[6.1.0]non‐4‐yn‐9‐ylmethanol (BCN) in a 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction. To avoid purification of highly polar intermediates, we employed two protecting groups in our synthetic schemes. Most HS were obtained in moderate to good yields under optimized reaction conditions. The X‐ray crystal structure analysis of two HS revealed that the partially negative‐charged fluorine atoms in CF3 electrostatically shield the electrophilic nitrile imine (NI) center from a nucleophilic attack, underpinning their extraordinary aqueous stability. In addition, the N‐aryl substituents further modulate HS reactivity and stability, with the electron‐rich six‐membered HS displaying excellent aqueous stability and increased cycloaddition reactivity. The utility of these improved HS reagents was demonstrated through fast and selective modification of a BCNK‐encoded nanobody with second‐order rate constants as high as 1500 M−1 s−1 in phosphate‐buffered saline‐ethanol (9 : 1), representing the fastest HS–BCN ligation reported in the literature.