bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classical spin gravitational Compton scattering
Authors: Bjerrum-Bohr N. E. J. , Chen Gang , Skowronek Marcos 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We introduce a novel bootstrap method for heavy-mass effective field theory classical Compton scattering amplitudes involving two massless particles and two arbitrary-spin infinite-mass limit particles. Using a suitable ansatz, we deduce new and explicit classical spin results for gluon four and five-point infinite mass processes that exhibit a certain exponentiated three-point tree-level factorizations and feature no spurious poles. We discuss the generalization of our bootstrap to higher multiplicities and summarize future potential applications.
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of α-Lipoic Acid on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Kidney
Authors: Skibska Beata , Kochan Ewa , Stanczak Andrzej , Lipert Anna , Skibska Agnieszka 
Published: June 2023

Abstractα-Lipoic acid (α-LA) is a naturally occurring organosulfur component. Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as kidney and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer and aging. Kidneys are especially vulnerable to oxidative stress and damage. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of α-LA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress parameters in rat kidneys. The experimental rats were divided into four groups: I—control (0.9% NaCl i.v.); II—α-LA (60 mg/kg b.w. i.v.); III—LPS (30 mg/kg b.w. i.v.); and IV—LPS + LA (30 mg/kg b.w. i.v. and 60 mg/kg b.w. i.v., respectively). In kidney homogenates the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sulfhydryl groups (−SH), total protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione (tGSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulphide (GSSG) and the GSH/GSSG ratio were determined. In addition, the levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 were measured to assess inflammation and was estimated kidney oedema. Studies have shown that α-LA administered after LPS administration attenuated kidney oedema and significantly decreased TBARS, H2O2, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in rat kidneys. α-LA also resulted in increase −SH group, total protein, and SOD levels and ameliorated the GSH redox status when compared to the LPS group. The results suggest that α-LA plays an important role against LPS-induced oxidative stress in kidney tissue as well as downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Graphical Abstract
Freeze‐dried noncoagulating platelet‐derived factor concentrate is a safe and effective treatment for early knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Ohtsuru Tadahiko , Otsuji Masaki , Nakanishi Jun , Nakamura Norimasa , Lyman Stephen , Hanai Hiroto , Shimomura Kazunori , Ando Wataru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeWhile a wide variety of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) solutions has been developed, innovation continues. In this case, the freeze‐dried platelet factor concentrate (PFC‐FD) represents another step in PRP refinement. The preparation of PFC‐FD at a central laboratory with freeze drying for shelf stabilization should provide additional quality improvements if clinical effectiveness can be demonstrated. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the safety and effectiveness of PFC‐FD in a prospective open‐label trial of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis (OA).Methods312 consecutive knee OA patients (67% female, mean age 63 ± 10 years), were prospectively recruited in an outpatient knee clinic in Japan. Of these, 10 (3.2%) were lost to follow‐up at < 12 months and 17 (5.5%) sought additional knee therapy during the follow‐up period. The primary outcome of interest was achievement of the OMERACT‐OARSI responder criteria with secondary outcomes of adverse events and PROMs scores 1, 3, 6, 12 months following a single PFC‐FD injection.Results285 patients (91%) completed 12 month PROMs. The 17 who sought additional therapy were considered failures leaving an effective sample size of 302 for our primary outcome in which 62% of patients achieved OMERACT‐OARSI responder status by 12 months. This varied by OA class with Kellgren–Lawrence grade 4 patients 3.6 times less likely to be responders than grade 1–2 patients. 6% of patients experienced a non‐serious adverse event, primarily pain or swelling at the injection site.ConclusionsPFC‐FD provides an observable clinical improvement in 62% of knee OA patients at 12 months post‐injection with very little risk of any clinically relevant adverse event. Of course, nearly 40% of patients did not experience an observable clinical improvement, primarily among those with worse KL grades.Level of evidenceTherapeutic, Level II.
Do traumatic cervical disc ruptures occur in low velocity accidents?
Authors: Eckardt N. , Schwarz F. , Hubig M. , Mall G. , Muggenthaler H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Generally, disc changes are of degenerative origin and develop over a longer time span. Accidental incidents with isolated traumatic disc ruptures are rare events; however, occupants involved in low velocity accidents often claim a causal relationship between disc changes and accidents. In forensic casework the adequacy of the biomechanical load to cause traumatic disc rupture has to be assessed.

Objective
Based on patient data we addressed the following issues:
– Do traumatic cervical disc rupture occur in low velocity accidents?
– Are there always accompanying injuries in neuroradiological imaging?
– What are the main injury mechanisms?

Methods
In this study we analyzed cases of traumatic disc ruptures without other severe injuries in patients who underwent surgical treatment between 2010 and 2021. The purpose was to identify cases with traumatic disc ruptures following low velocity scenarios. The sample contained 16 cases with the main diagnosis of traumatic cervical disc rupture.

Results
Falls caused traumatic disc rupture in 14 of the cases, while traffic accidents caused disc injury in 2 cases only. Radiological signs of acute trauma as well as sensorimotor deficits or pain were present in every case. Of the patients six did not sustain accompanying fractures. In the majority of cases a hyperextension mechanism was assumed, even though an exact reconstruction of the load was not possible in every case.

Conclusion
This study renders traumatic genesis of a disc rupture highly unlikely in patients involved in low velocity scenarios. Medical imaging without accompanying injuries or signs of acute trauma, e.g., in terms of bleeding, bony or ligamentous lesions, supports a non-accidental cause of disc changes. Nevertheless, expert opinions require case by case evaluation taking account of patient-specific and case-specific conditions.
On Forced Periodicity of Perfect Colorings
Authors: Herva Pyry , Kari Jarkko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study forced periodicity of two-dimensional configurations under certain constraints and use an algebraic approach to multidimensional symbolic dynamics in which d-dimensional configurations and finite patterns are presented as formal power series and Laurent polynomials, respectively, in d variables. We consider perfect colorings that are configurations such that the number of points of a given color in the neighborhood of any point depends only on the color of the point for some fixed relative neighborhood, and we show that by choosing the alphabet suitably any perfect coloring has a non-trivial annihilator, that is, there exists a Laurent polynomial whose formal product with the power series presenting the perfect coloring is zero. Using known results we obtain a sufficient condition for forced periodicity of two-dimensional perfect colorings. As corollaries of this result we get simple new proofs for known results of forced periodicity on the square and the triangular grids. Moreover, we obtain a new result concerning forced periodicity of perfect colorings in the king grid. We also consider perfect colorings of a particularly simple type: configurations that have low abelian complexity with respect to some shape, and we generalize a result that gives a sufficient condition for such configurations to be necessarily periodic. Also, some algorithmic aspects are considered.
Choosing the right density for a concentrated protein system like gluten in a coarse-grained model
Authors: Mioduszewski Łukasz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLarge coarse-grained simulations are often conducted with an implicit solvent, which makes it hard to assess the water content of the sample and the effective concentration of the system. Here the number and the size of cavities and entanglements in the system, together with density profiles, are used to asses the homogeneity and interconnectedness of gluten. This is a continuation of an earlier article, "Viscoelastic properties of wheat gluten in a molecular dynamics study" (Mioduszewski and Cieplak 2021b). It turns out there is a wide range of densities (between 1 residue per cubic nanometer and 3 residues/nm$$^3$$

3

) where the system is interconnected, but not homogeneous: there are still large empty spaces, surrounded by an entangled protein network. Those findings should be of importance to any coarse-grained simulation of large protein systems.
COVID-19-Impfstatus von Pflegenden und assoziierte Faktoren in der stationären Langzeitpflege
Authors: Hering Christian , Gangnus Annabell , Kohl Raphael , Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth , Kuhlmey Adelheid , Gellert Paul 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Pflegepersonal in der vollstationären Langzeitpflege wurde prioritär geimpft, um die Infektionsgefahr für Bewohnende zu reduzieren und die Arbeitsfähigkeit zu erhalten. Zwar wurde die Impfquote des Pflegepersonals durch eine einrichtungsbezogene Impfpflicht erhöht, Untersuchungen zu assoziierten Faktoren des Impfstatus liegen für Deutschland jedoch nicht vor.

Ziel
Identifikation von assoziierten Faktoren des COVID-19-Impfstatus von Pflegepersonal in der vollstationären Langzeitpflege.

Methoden
Im Zeitraum vom 26.10.2021 bis 31.01.2022 antworteten insgesamt N = 1546 Pflegekräfte auf eine Online-Befragung im Rahmen des Projekts Covid-Heim, welche u. a. die Impfkampagne fokussierte und mittels logistischer Regressionsanalysen ausgewertet wurde.

Ergebnisse
Acht von 10 Pflegekräften gaben an, gegen COVID-19 geimpft zu sein (80,6 %). Etwa 7 von 10 Pflegekräften dachten seit Beginn der Pandemie mindestens einige Male daran, ihren Beruf aufzugeben (71,4 %). Ein positiver COVID-19-Impfstatus war assoziiert mit höherem Alter, einer Vollzeitbeschäftigung, COVID-19-Todesfällen in der Einrichtung, einem Tätigkeitsort in Nord- oder Westdeutschland. Häufige Gedanken an eine Aufgabe des Berufs waren mit einem negativen COVID-19-Impfstatus assoziiert.

Diskussion
Die vorliegenden Befunde geben erstmalig Hinweise auf Faktoren, die mit dem COVID-19-Impfstatus von Pflegepersonal in der stationären Langzeitpflege in Deutschland zusammenhängen. Weiterführende quantitative wie qualitative Untersuchungen sind notwendig für ein tieferes Verständnis der Entscheidung für oder gegen eine COVID-19-Impfung bei Pflegenden in der stationären Langzeitpflege, um künftige Impfkampagnen in diesem Bereich zielgerichteter umsetzen zu können.
The distribution of dietary choline intake and serum choline levels in Australian women during pregnancy and associated early life factors
Authors: Staskova Lada , Marx Wolfgang , Dawson Samantha L. , O’Hely Martin , Mansell Toby , Saffery Richard , Burgner David , Collier Fiona , Novakovic Boris , Vuillermin Peter , Field Catherine J. , Dewey Deborah , Ponsonby Anne-Louise ,   The BIS Investigator Group
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Maternal dietary choline has a central role in foetal brain development and may be associated with later cognitive function. However, many countries are reporting lower than recommended intake of choline during pregnancy.

Methods
Dietary choline was estimated using food frequency questionnaires in pregnant women participating in population-derived birth cohort, the Barwon Infant Study (BIS). Dietary choline is reported as the sum of all choline-containing moieties. Serum total choline-containing compounds (choline-c), phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in the third trimester. The main form of analysis was multivariable linear regression.

Results
The mean daily dietary choline during pregnancy was 372 (standard deviation (SD) 104) mg/day. A total of 236 women (23%) had adequate choline intake (440 mg/day) based on the Australian and New Zealand guidelines, and 27 women (2.6%) took supplemental choline ($$\ge$$
≥
50 mg/dose) daily during pregnancy. The mean serum choline-c in pregnant women was 3.27 (SD 0.44) mmol/l. Ingested choline and serum choline-c were not correlated (R2) = − 0.005, p = 0.880. Maternal age, maternal weight gain in pregnancy, and a pregnancy with more than one infant were associated with higher serum choline-c, whereas gestational diabetes and environmental tobacco smoke during preconception and pregnancy were associated with lower serum choline-c. Nutrients or dietary patterns were not associated with variation in serum choline-c.

Conclusion
In this cohort, approximately one-quarter of women met daily choline recommendations during pregnancy. Future studies are needed to understand the potential impact of low dietary choline intake during pregnancy on infant cognition and metabolic intermediaries.
Shared genetic etiology between ADHD, task-related behavioral measures and brain activation during response inhibition in a youth ADHD case–control study
Authors: Saraçaydın Gülhan , Ruisch I. Hyun , van Rooij Daan , Sprooten Emma , Franke Barbara , Buitelaar Jan K. , Dietrich Andrea , Hoekstra Pieter J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImpaired response inhibition is commonly present in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their unaffected relatives, suggesting impaired response inhibition as a candidate endophenotype in ADHD. Therefore, we explored whether behavioral and neural correlates of response inhibition are related to polygenic risk scores for ADHD (PRS-ADHD). We obtained functional magnetic resonance imaging of neural activity and behavioral measures during a stop-signal task in the NeuroIMAGE cohort, where inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms were assessed with the Conners Parent Rating Scales. Our sample consisted of 178 ADHD cases, 103 unaffected siblings, and 173 controls (total N = 454; 8–29 years), for whom genome-wide genotyping was available. PRS-ADHD was constructed using the PRSice-2 software. We found PRS-ADHD to be associated with ADHD symptom severity, a slower and more variable response to Go-stimuli, and altered brain activation during response inhibition in several regions of the bilateral fronto-striatal network. Mean reaction time and intra-individual reaction time variability mediated the association of PRS-ADHD with ADHD symptoms (total, inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity), and activity in the left temporal pole and anterior parahippocampal gyrus during failed inhibition mediated the relationship of PRS-ADHD with hyperactivity-impulsivity. Our findings indicate that PRS-ADHD are related to ADHD severity on a spectrum of clinical, sub-threshold, and normal levels; more importantly, we show a shared genetic etiology of ADHD and behavioral and neural correlates of response inhibition. Given the modest sample size of our study, future studies with higher power are warranted to explore mediation effects, suggesting that genetic liability to ADHD may adversely affect attention regulation on the behavioral level and point to a possible response inhibition-related mechanistic pathway from PRS-ADHD to hyperactivity-impulsivity.
TRPP2 is located in the primary cilia of human non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cells
Authors: Zheng Wenxu , Ziemssen Focke , Suesskind Daniela , Voykov Bogomil , Schnichels Sven 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) and primary cilium possess a possible relevance for the sensation of intraocular pressure (IOP). However, there is only limited data on their expression and localization in the ciliary body epithelium (CBE). The purpose of this study was to characterize the expression and localization of TRPP2 in a human non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (HNPCE) line.

Methods
The expression of the TRPP2 was studied by quantitative (q)RT-PCR and in situ hybridization in rat and human tissue. Protein expression and distribution were studied by western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and immunoelectron microscopy. Cellular location of TRPP2 was determined in rat and human CBE by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analysis. Electron microscopy studies were conducted to evaluate where and with substructure TRPP2 is localized in the HNPCE cell line.

Results
The expression of TRPP2 in rat and human non-pigmented ciliary epithelium was detected. TRPP2 was mainly located in nuclei, but also showed a punctate distribution pattern in the cytoplasm of HNPCE of the tissue and the cell line. In HNPCE cell culture, primary cilia did exhibit different length following serum starvation and hydrostatic pressure. TRPP2 was found to be colocalized with these cilia in HNPCE cells.

Conclusion
The expression of TRPP2 and the primary cilium in the CB may indicate a possible role, such as the sensing of hydrostatic pressure, for the regulation of IOP. Functional studies via patch clamp or pharmacological intervention have yet to clarify the relevance for the physiological situation or aqueous humor regulation.
A method to accurately define arbitrary algorithmic damping character as viscous damping
Authors: Serfőző Dániel , Pere Balázs 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUndesired oscillations often emerge in numerical solutions, especially in the case of dynamic problems. These are mainly spurious oscillations which must be eliminated or reduced at least to provide accurate results. Numerical methods with damping effect are especially useful to achieve this goal. However, the concrete shape of the damping characteristics has a great impact on the effectiveness. Dissipative numerical methods mostly have a specific damping character with very limited alteration possibility. In this article, a novel numerical method has been introduced where the dissipative effect is exerted via viscous damping. Using the proposed method, a great variety of damping curves can be defined accurately, straight through the determination of the algorithmic damping ratio. The newly developed technique is mainly useful for applications where the shape of the damping characteristics significantly affects the accuracy.
A new 3D myeloarchitectonic map of the human neocortex based on data from the Vogt–Vogt school
Authors: Nieuwenhuys Rudolf , Broere Cees A. J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring the period extending from 1900 to 1970, Oskar and Cécile Vogt and their numerous collaborators (‘the Vogt–Vogt school’) published a large number of studies on the myeloarchitecture of the human cerebral cortex. During the last decade, we have concerned ourselves with a detailed meta-analysis of these now almost totally forgotten studies, with the aim to bringing them into the modern era of science. This scrutiny yielded inter alia a myeloarchitectonic map of the human neocortex, showing a parcellation into 182 areas (Nieuwenhuys et al. in Brain Struct Funct 220:2551–2573, 2015; Erratum in Brain Struct Funct 220: 3753–3755, 2015). This map, termed 2D’15, which is based on data derived from all of the 20 publications constituting the myeloarchitectonic legacy of the Vogt–Vogt school, has the limitation that it is two-dimensional i.e. it shows only the parts of the cortex exposed at the free surface of the cerebral hemispheres and not the extensive stretches of cortex hidden in the cortical sulci. However, a limited set of data, derived from four of the 20 publications available, has enabled us to create a 3D map, showing the myeloarchitectonic parcellation of the entire human neocortex. This map, designated as 3D′23, contains 182 areas: 64 frontal, 30 parietal, 6 insular, 19 occipital and 63 temporal. We have also prepared a 2D version (2D′23), of this 3D′23 map to serve as a link between the latter and our original 2D′15 map. Detailed comparison of the parcellations visualized in our three maps (2D′15, 2D′23 and 3D′23) warrants the conclusion that our new 3D′23 map may be considered as representative for the entire myeloarchitectural legacy of the Vogt–Vogt School. Hence it is now possible to compare the rich amount of myeloarchitectonic data assembled by that school directly with the results of current 3D analyses of the architecture of the human cortex, such as the meticulous quantitative cyto- and receptor architectonic studies of Zilles, Amunts and their numerous associates (Amunts et al. in Science 369:988–992, 2020), and the multimodal parcellation of the human cortex based on magnetic resonance images from the Human Connectome Project, performed by Glasser et al. in Nature 536:171–178, 2016).
Effusive and evolved monogenetic volcanoes: two newly identified (~800 ka) cases near Manizales City, Colombia
Authors: Vargas-Arcila Laura , Murcia Hugo , Osorio-Ocampo Susana , Sánchez-Torres Laura , Botero-Gómez Luis Alvaro , Bolaños Gina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwo recently discovered volcanoes (Las Margaritas 1 and 2) located near the city of Manizales in central Colombia (northern Andes) show that monogenetic volcanoes can be both effusive and be fed by evolved compositions, unlike in most other monogenetic fields. This study presents the results of cartographic, petrographic, geochemical, and geochronological analyses. Mapping indicates that the volcanoes are purely effusive, where the first erupted a dome coulée and the second erupted a lava flow. K/Ar dating of the groundmass yielded emplacement ages of 0.77 ± 0.04 and 0.80 ± 0.05 Ma for each volcano. The rocks in both volcanoes contain plagioclase, amphibole, and Fe-Ti oxides as ubiquitous minerals, but only one volcano hosts biotite. The two volcanoes can also be differentiated by the presence of amphibole oxidation rims in one of them. Both volcanoes are andesitic in composition and have a calk-alkaline signature. Trace elements show light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment, and negative Th, Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies. Overall, the results indicate equilibrium conditions that allowed not only phenocrysts and microphenocrysts to crystallize, but also convection and stagnation processes that allowed zonation and glomerocrysts to form. This, along with the chemical information, indicates subduction characteristics that can be explained by small magma batches breaking off from crustal reservoirs. These effusive monogenetic eruptions are thus associated with efficient degassing during ascent, while compositional evolution is related to relative long-term magma stagnation in the crust.
Structure of monkeypox virus poxin: implications for drug design
Authors: Duchoslav Vojtech , Boura Evzen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMonkeypox, or mpox, is a disease that has recently resurfaced and spread across the globe. Despite the availability of an FDA-approved vaccine (JYNNEOS) and an effective drug (tecovirimat), concerns remain over the possible recurrence of a viral pandemic. Like any other virus, mpox virus must overcome the immune system to replicate. Viruses have evolved various strategies to overcome both innate and adaptive immunity. Poxviruses possess an unusual nuclease, poxin, which cleaves 2'-3'-cGAMP, a cyclic dinucleotide, which is an important second messenger in the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Here, we present the crystal structure of mpox poxin. The structure reveals a conserved, predominantly β-sheet fold and highlights the high conservation of the cGAMP binding site and of the catalytic residues His17, Tyr138, and Lys142. This research suggests that poxin inhibitors could be effective against multiple poxviruses.