bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of disposable anesthetic nasal mask and nasal cannula in elderly patients undergoing intravenous anesthesia for gastroscopy: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Guo Peipei , Liu Huan , Tang Lili , Zhao Yangxi , Shi Yunping , Zhang Sichen , Fang Quan , Fan Yinguang , Liu Xuesheng , Wu Huisheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Elderly patients are prone to hypoxemia when they undergo gastroscopy under intravenous anesthesia due to their decreased physiological oxygen reserve capacity, increased sensitivity to drugs, etc. This study aimed to assess whether oxygen administration with the disposable anaesthetic nasal mask can lessen the incidence of hypoxemia in elderly patients during gastroscopy under intravenous anesthesia in comparison to a traditional nasal cannula.
Methods
A total of 300 patients were randomly assigned to oxygen administration by traditional double-chamber nasal cannula or disposable anesthetic nasal mask(n = 150 each). Primary outcome measures were the incidence of hypoxemia and severe hypoxemia. Secondary outcome measures included the duration of hypoxemia, lowest intraoperative SpO2, the proportion of individuals who needed emergency airway management, the proportion of individuals discontinuing gastroscopy, the duration of operation, recovery time from anesthesia, the total dose of propofol, satisfaction of endoscopist, anaesthesiologist and patient, other adverse events.
Results
Compare with the nasal cannula group, the incidence of hypoxemia was significantly reduced (15.5% vs. 45.0%; P < 0.001), the lowest intraoperative SpO2 was significantly increased (96.9% vs. 92.4%, P < 0.001), and the proportion of patients requiring emergency airway management was significantly reduced (13.5% vs. 37.6%; P < 0.001) in the anesthetic nasal mask group. There was only one patient (0.7%) requiring emergency suspension of endoscopy in the anesthetic nasal mask group, while there were 29 patients (19.5%; P < 0.001) requiring emergency suspension of endoscopy in the nasal cannula group. The satisfaction of the endoscopist, as well as anaesthesiologist in the anaesthetic nasal mask group, was significantly higher than in the nasal cannula group (P < 0.01). No major variations were observed in the incidence of severe hypoxemia, hypoxemia duration, duration of endoscopy, recovery time from anesthesia, the total dose of propofol, intraoperative adverse events, patient satisfaction, etc., between the two groups.
Conclusion
The use of an anesthetic nasal mask reduces the occurrence of hypoxemia during gastroscopy under intravenous anesthesia in elderly patients.
Trial registration:
ChiCTR2100053388, 20/11/2021.
Improving health outcomes by strengthening public sector capacity in social and behaviour change programming in Nigeria
Authors: Adetunji Adetayo , Addo Bright , Abegunde Dele , Kalamar Amanda , Tulsiani Nrupa Jani , Sri Pooja , Oyedokun-Adegbabo Foyeke , Ankomah Augustine 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background: Capacity building aids sustainability of SBC programming, encompassing planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of activities. USAID-funded project, Breakthrough ACTION/Nigeria is currently implementing interventions to increase the capacity of public sector stakeholders for social and behavior change (SBC) programing, as part of a broader, integrated health SBC project. This paper examines the outcomes of the PSCS approach and how they contribute to the promotion of maternal, newborn, and child health, and nutrition (MNCH+N)-related outcomes.
Methods: The qualitative study used outcome harvesting and most significant change methodologies to evaluate project outcomes over five years. Data collection included key informant interviews and most significant change stories in Sokoto, Kebbi, Nasarawa, Bauchi, and Ebonyi states of Nigeria. Data was collected from 45 participants between July and August 2022. Thematic analysis approach was used to analyze data. Ethical approvals and informed consent were obtained before data collection.
Findings: The PSCS approach empowered stakeholders at the individual level to disseminate health messages, monitor health and SBC activities, and increase the demand for health services. At the organizational level, the approach facilitated coordination of SBC activities, enabled training cascades, and promoted adherence to health service guidelines. At the system level, it strengthened ward development committees to address health challenges. Challenges hindering stakeholders' application of PSCS-acquired skills include inadequate workforce, negative attitudes of health workers, funding constraints, cultural barriers, lack of government ownership, and limited accessibility.
Conclusion: This study shows that the PSCS approach is an effective model to scale up capacity for SBC in health programs. In response to documented supply-side challenges impeding the application of gained knowledge, we recommend inclusive health worker recruitment, sensitization programs for health workers, government ownership, improved security, healthcare infrastructure and transportation systems. Implementing these recommendations will complement stakeholder capacity for improved health outcomes.
mFOLFIRINOX versus mFOLFOX 6 as adjuvant treatment for high-risk stage III colon cancer - The FROST trial: Study protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled, phase II trial
Authors: Lee Kyung Ha , Yang In Jun , Ha Gi Won , Lee Jaeim , Park Youn Young , Lee Seok Hwan , Lee Jong Min , Bae Jung Hoon , Park Eun Jung , Kim Hyungjin , Kim Keun Young , An Sanghyung , Kim Ik Yong , Kim Ji Yeon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
High-risk stage III colon cancer has a considerably poorer prognosis than stage II and low-risk stage III colon cancers. Nevertheless, most guidelines recommend similar adjuvant treatment approaches for all these stages despite the dearth of research focusing on high-risk stage III colon cancer and the potential for improved prognosis with intensive adjuvant treatment. Given the the proven efficacy of triplet chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer treatment, the goal of this study is to evaluate the oncologic efficacy and safety of mFOLFIRINOX in comparison to those of the current standard of care, mFOLFOX 6, as an adjuvant treatment for patients diagnosed with high-risk stage III colon cancer after radical resection.
Methods
This multicenter, randomized (1:1), open-label, phase II trial will assess and compare the effectiveness and toxicity of mFOLFIRINOX and mFOLFOX 6 in patients with high-risk stage III colon cancer after radical resection. The goal of the trial is to enroll 312 eligible patients, from 11 institutes, aged between 20 and 70 years, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0–2, or between 70 and 75 with an ECOG performance status of 0. Patients will be randomized into two arms - Arm A, the experimental arm, and Arm B, the reference arm - and will receive 12 cycles of mFOLFIRINOX and mFOLFOX 6 every 2 weeks, respectively. The primary endpoint of this study is the 3-year disease-free survival, and secondary endpoints include the 3-year overall survival and treatment toxicity.
Discussion:
The Frost trial would help determine the oncologic efficacy and safety of adjuvant triplet chemotherapy for high-risk stage III colon cancers and ultimately improve prognoses.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05179889, registered on 17 December 2021.
Esketamine use is associated with shortened postoperative hospital stay in patients underwent knee arthroscopic surgery: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Liu Jing , Han Hong , Yang Shangze , Zhan Xiaoxuan , Cao Bingbing , Peng Yue 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
Previous studies have examined anesthetics to improve postoperative prognosis after knee arthroscopic surgery. However, it is currently unknown whether perioperative anesthetics can influence postoperative hospital stay. We investigated the impact of esketamine after knee arthroscopic surgery on post-operative length of stay, fever and surgical site infection.
Methods:
This study included 455 patients who underwent knee surgery between January2020 and August 2021at a tertiary hospital in China. Patient characteristics, preoperative laboratory values, intra-operative anesthetic data, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses with or without propensity score matching were performed to identify factors related to post-operative discharge within 3 days(PD3).
Results:
A total of 297cases met our inclusion criteria. The mean age of patients was 42 ± 14 years, mean body mass index, 24.1 ± 3.5kg/m2, 157(53%) patients were male. Meniscus-related procedures accounted for the most part of all the procedures with a percentage of 40.4%, followed by combined procedures of 35.4%. After we adjusted for demographic and intraoperative characteristics with propensity score matching, esketamine use was significantly associated with PD3 with the highest odds ratio of 2.28 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18–4.41, p = 0.014).
Conclusion:
Esketamine use was associated with PD3 in patients underwent knee arthroscopic surgery. The findings of this study will be useful to anesthesiologists in making informed decisions regarding the choice of anesthetics for knee joint diseases.
Trial registration
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee (Approval No.:2023-041-01) of the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University and retrospectively registered.
Analysis and Validation of Biomarkers of immune cell related genes in postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Chen Lihua , Qiu Jingjing , Zhao Yu , Lin Xiaosheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common metabolic inflammatory disease. In conditions of estrogen deficiency, chronic activation of the immune system leads to a hypo-inflammatory phenotype and alterations in its cytokine and immune cell profile, although immune cells play an important role in the pathology of osteoporosis, studies on this have been rare. Therefore, it is important to investigate the role of immune cell-related genes in PMOP.
Methods
PMOP-related datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Immune cells scores between high bone mineral density (BMD) and low BMD samples were assessed based on the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method. Subsequently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify modules highly associated with immune cells and obtain module genes. Differential analysis between high BMD and low BMD was also performed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Module genes are intersected with DEGs to obtain candidate genes, and functional enrichment analysis was performed. Machine learning methods were used to filter out the signature genes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the signature genes and the nomogram were plotted to determine whether the signature genes can be used as a molecular marker. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was also performed to explore the potential mechanism of the signature genes. Finally, RNA expression of signature genes was validated in blood samples from PMOP patients and normal control by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results
Our study of PMOP patients identified differences in immune cells (Activated dendritic cell, CD56bright natural killer cell, Central memory CD4 T cell, Effector memory CD4 T cell, Mast cell, Natural killer T cell, T follicular helper cell, Type 1 T helper cell and Type 17 T helper cell) between high and low BMD patients. We obtained a total of 73 candidate genes based on modular genes and differential genes, and obtained five signature genes by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and random forest model screening. ROC, principal component analysis and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding down scaling analysis revealed that the five signature genes had good discriminatory ability between high and low BMD samples. A logistic regression model was constructed based on five signature genes, and both ROC and column line plots indicated that the model accuracy and applicability were good. Five signature genes were found to be associated with proteasome, mitochondria, and lysosome by GSEA. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of the signature genes was significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion
HIST1H2AG, PYGM, NCKAP1, POMP and LYPLA1 might play key roles in PMOP and be served as the biomarkers of PMOP.
IGF2BP2 regulates the inflammation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes via GSTM5 in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wang Youhua , Nan Yunyi , Chen Minhao , Wu Weijie , Huang Rongrong , Sun Weiwei , Lu Qian , Gu Zhifeng , Mao Xingxing , Xu Hua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with an unknown etiology. RA cannot be fully cured and requires lengthy treatment, which causes a great burden on both individuals and society. Due to the lack of specific drugs available for treating RA, exploring a key new therapeutic target for RA is currently an important task. Activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are key participants in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis, which release interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α that cause abnormal inflammatory reaction in the synovium. Previous study has highlighted the correlation of m6A reader IGF2BP2 and inflammation-related diseases in human. However, the role of IGF2BP2 in inflammatory reaction of FLSs in RA progression has not been assessed. In this study, IGF2BP2 expression was decreased in the synovial tissues from RA patients and collagen induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Intra-articular injection with IGF2BP2 overexpressive adeno-associated virus relieved paw swelling, synovial hyperplasia and cartilage destruction in CIA rats. IGF2BP2 overexpression also inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated RA-FLSs migration and invasion accompanied by the decreased levels of inflammatory factors in vitro. Conversely, IGF2BP2 suppression promoted RA-FLSs migration and invasion with an elevated level of inflammatory factors in vitro. Sequencing result showed that GSTM5, a key antioxidant gene, was the target mRNA of IGF2BP2. Further experiments demonstrated that IGF2BP2 strengthened the stability of GSTM5 mRNA leading to weakened inflammatory reaction and reduced expression of MMP9 and MMP13. Therefore, IGF2BP2-GSTM5 axis may be a potential therapeutic target for RA treatment.
Colloidal Stability and Dielectric Behavior of Eco-Friendly Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanostructures from Moringa Seeds.
Authors: Jose Basilio Jose Augusto , Shinde Mahendra Devidas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research focuses on the eco-friendly synthesis of ZnO NPs from Zn (CH3COO)2·2H2O and moringa seeds. The synthesized nanostructures were characterized using various analytical techniques, including XRD, UV-VIS spectroscopy, FESEM, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy. XRD measurements and W-H plot transformation confirmed the formation of ZnO nanostructures with an average size of 24.9 nm. UV-VIS spectroscopy and Kubelka Munk curve analysis determined the direct conduction and bandgap of 3.265 eV. FESEM analysis showed low particle aggregation, with distinct grain boundaries ranging in size from 20.4 to 87.7 nm. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of Zn (2p), Zn (3p), Zn (3d), and O (1s). The Raman spectroscopy indicated that the E2H was the dominant mode, followed by E1(TO) and (E2H- E2L). ZnO thin films prepared by PLD and deposited onto silicon (100) substrate exhibited excellent morphology and well-defined topography, with a normal size distribution of grains. Zeta potential tests showed a value of approximately − 43.7 mV, indicating good stability of the colloidal suspension, possibly due to low particle aggregation. Dielectric measurements on sintered pallets at 900°C revealed high capacitance and dielectric constant at low frequencies within the temperature range of 289.935K to 310K. These findings confirmed the potential of eco-friendly synthesized ZnO for various applications, including energy devices and nanofluids.
Sinomenine attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by downregulating TGF-β1/Smad3, PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Yao Fuqiang , Xu Minghao , Dong Lingjun , Shen Xiao , Shen Yujie , Jiang Yisheng , Zhu Ting , Zhang Chu , Yu Guangmao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive and irreversible interstitial lung disease. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has become more common among people severely infected with COVID-19, with IPF being the most common form since this virus became a global epidemic disease in 2019. At present, the etiology is unclear, the treatment methods are limited, and the prognosis is quite poor. Sinomenine (SIN) extracted from the dried stems of Sinomenium actum, is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat several diseases, alleviate liver fibrosis injury, and improve airway remodeling caused by chronic asthma. However, the mechanism used by SIN to combat PF is unclear. Therefore, this work describes the effect of SIN on IPF.
Methods
PF was induced by bleomycin (BLM) in C57BL-6J mice, and then Inflammatory factors, lung histopathological changes, and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway were evaluated. Serum-starved human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) and A549 cells were treated with different doses of SIN. We observed the effects of SIN on HFL-1 and A549 cells, including proliferation and migration, the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts (FMT), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and signal pathways (TGF-β/Smad, PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signal pathways). In addition, the TGF-β receptor inhibitor SB-431542 was used to evaluate not only the classical Smad pathways downstream of TGF-β, but also non-Smad pathways (PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways) involved in the process of PF.
Results
The in vivo experiments showed that SIN reduced the pathological changes in the lung tissue induced by BLM, reduced the abnormal expression of inflammatory cytokines, and improved the weight and survival rate of mice induced by BLM. The in vitro experiments showed that SIN inhibited the migration and proliferation of HFL-1 and A549 cells by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways, prevented the FMT of HFL-1, reversed the EMT of A549 cells, restored the balance of matrix metalloenzymes, and reduced the expression of ECM proteins.
Conclusion
SIN attenuated PF by down-regulating TGF-β/Smad3, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB signaling pathways, being a potential effective drug in the treatment of PF.
A sustainable electrolyte towards dendrite-free and long-lasting zinc-metal batteries
Authors: He Guanjie , Zhang Wei , Chen Ruwei , Dai Yuhang , Lu Gongxun , Zhang Mengtian , Wu Xian , Du Zijuan , Gao Xuan , Guo Fei , Ye Chumei , Dong Haobo , Zhu Jiexin , Zong Wei , Xu Zhenming , Jiang Peie , Liu Mingqiang , Wu Yulun , Li Zheng , Parkin Ivan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aqueous zinc (Zn) batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage by virtue of the high sustainability, low cost of Zn resources, high safety and low environmental impact. However, severe side reactions including Zn dendrite growth at the Zn surface hinder their practical application. “Water-in-salt” and organic/aqueous hybrid electrolytes address these problems but compromise the intrinsic merits of high ionic conductivity, superior safety, low cost and good sustainability. Herein, methylurea (MU) which has hydrogen (H) bond donor/acceptor properties is examined as a multifunctional electrolyte additive to boost the Zn anode reversibility without compromising the above advantages of aqueous electrolytes. Systematic experimental and theoretical analyses confirm that MU molecules alter the H-bonding network and reconstruct Zn2+ solvation sheath; furthermore, the desolvation process can be facilitated with lower energy barriers. Besides, MU additives tend to be absorbed on the Zn surface to build a water-poor electrical double layer and can in-situ form a robust solid electrolyte interphase layer that protects the Zn anode. The Zn (002) plane is predominately deposited and can also be guided by MU. Consequently, the lifespan of the Zn||Zn cell using MU can maintain over 3000 h and the average Coulombic efficiency of the Zn||Cu cell reaches 99.7% throughout 1800 cycles. Additionally, our strategy can be applied in full cells with boosted performances for MnO2, activated carbon and conversion-type I2 (capacity retention: 93.2% throughout 7500 cycles) cathodes under practical electrode ratios.
Integrability, bilinearization, exact traveling wave solutions, lump and
lump-multi-kink solutions of a (3 + 1)-dimensional negative order
KdV-Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation
Authors: Das Amiya , Mandal Uttam Kumar , Karmakar Biren , Ma Wen Xiu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this article, we consider a (3+1)-dimensional negative order KdV-CBS equation which represents interactions of long wave propagation dynamics with remarkable applications in the field of fluid mechanics and quantum mechanics etc. We investigate the integrability aspect of the considered model in the framework of Hirota bilinear form, infinite conservations laws and formulation of Lax pair. At first, we introduce the concept of Bell polynomial theory and utilize it to obtain the Hirota bilinear form. We introduce a two field condition to determine the bilinear Backlund transformation. We use the Cole-Hopf transformation in bilinear Backlund transformation and linearize it to obtain the Lax pair formulation. The existence of infinite number of conservation laws have been checked through the Bell polynomial theory. Moreover, we derive one-kink, two-kink and three-kink soliton solution from the Hirota bilinear form. We have successfully investigated the existence of traveling wave solution for the (3 + 1)- dimensional negative order KDV-CBS equation and the conditions for the existence of the solution are reported. The traveling wave solutions are extracted in the form of incomplete elliptic integral of second kind and Jacobi elliptic function. Particularly, the use of long wave limit yields kink-soliton solutions. Furthermore, we exhibit necessary and sufficient condition for extracting lump solutions of (3 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations, which have few particular types of Hirota bilinear form. The lump solutions are exploited by means of well known test function in the Hirota bilinear form. This method reduces the number of algebraic equations to solve in deriving lump solutions of variety of NLLEs in comparison with the previously available methods in literature. Finally, two new forms of test functions are chosen and lump-multi-kink solutions have been determined.