bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemic‐induced income shocks and dietary diversity in India
Authors: Kaicker Nidhi , Gupta Aashi , Gaiha Raghav 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present study assesses the impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic‐induced income shocks on dietary diversity in India using eight waves of the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy–Consumer Pyramids Household Surveys data over the period January 2019 to August 2021. Using a two‐stage least squares panel regression model and a specification akin to difference‐in‐differences technique, our results suggest that an income shock of any magnitude reduced the dietary diversity of households across India, though the impact has been more severe in the rural areas compared to urban and during the first year of the pandemic compared to the second. The mediating role of household socio‐economic characteristics, pandemic indicators and food prices is also examined.
Understanding the impact of pediatric single large‐scale mtDNA deletion syndromes on caregivers: Burdens and challenges
Authors: Chappell McKenzie , Parikh Sumit , Reynolds Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSingle large‐scale mitochondrial deletion syndromes (SLSMDS) are ultra‐rare, progressive multi‐system diseases that make children largely dependent on their caregivers for both medical and non‐medical needs. Yet, few studies have examined the burden felt among caregivers. As part of a larger research study, 42 caregivers of children with SLSMDS completed two surveys to assess caregiver burden. The Mitochondrial Care Network Patient Needs Survey (MCN‐PNS) is a novel assessment that examines the logistical, time, and financial costs experienced by caregivers of children with SLSMDS. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI‐22) is a validated assessment that examines caregivers’ psychological health. Results demonstrate the unique burden experienced by caregivers of children with SLSMDS. One notable finding was the high psychological burden. Nearly 90% of caregivers experience psychological burden, with 20% of caregivers at risk for anxiety and depression. Caregivers were primarily concerned about what the future held for their child. Additional burdens included the time required to coordinate the child's healthcare visits and financial strains. Caregivers reported minimal delays in establishing care with a mitochondrial care specialist and felt confident in their understanding of their child's disease and treatment(s). Overall, there is a need for expanded logistical, financial, and psychological support from mitochondrial disease centers and advocacy groups for caregivers of children with SLSMDS.
Varietal diversity as a lever for cassava variety development: exploring varietal complementarities in Cameroon
Authors: Takam Tchuente Hubert Noel , Fongang Fouepe Guillaume Hensel , Mbwentchou Yao Danielle Claude , Mathe Syndhia , Teeken Béla 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCassava is an important crop for the survival of smallholder farmers in Cameroon. However, the cassava sector has a low production per unit area compared to the technological potential in this country. In this context, breeders have developed varieties based mainly on their potential in terms of yield and disease resistance. These varieties have been widely disseminated in Cameroon within the framework of development projects. However, these releases have not achieved the expected adoption and yield levels at the national level. Therefore, it appears important to rethink the determinants of dissemination with a broader examination of the cassava production system.RESULTSThis paper analyses varietal complementarity as a key strategy in support of optimizing the experimental and continuous use of cassava varieties by farmers in the Central and Eastern regions of Cameroon. These two regions account for 50% of the country's production. A total of 111 semi‐structured interviews were conducted with farmers selected through purposive sampling in four villages in Central and Eastern Cameroon where improved varieties have been disseminated. The research revealed four types of complementarity, related to use, crop management, risk management and cultural complementarity.CONCLUSIONOur results argue for considering varietal complementarities practiced by farmers, within research and development programs to develop more effective breeding and dissemination approaches. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Uncovering the gaps: A systematic mixed studies review of quality of life measures in extremity soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Hassani Mohammad , Mate Kedar K. V. , Turcotte Robert , Denis‐Larocque Gabrielle , Ghodsi Elaheh , Tsimicalis Argerie , Goulding Krista 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe health‐related quality of life of patients with extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is not precisely captured by current patient‐reported outcome measures. Although functional impairment is central to their concerns, multiple sources of distress, emotional restoration, coping strategies, and somatic symptoms are crucial in approaching patients with extremity STS.
Inertial and turbulent flow in hydro‐mechanically coupled KGD‐like fractures
Authors: Gee Bruce , Gracie Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFluid flow in deformable fractures is important to many applications including hydraulic stimulation. Fracture flow simulations typically rely on the Poiseuille flow model which presumes laminar quasi‐steady‐state flow conditions with negligible inertia. The high flow rates involved in industrial applications bring these assumptions into question. The GG22 flow model is a new method to capture inertial effects and turbulent flow phenomena with a moderate increase in computational complexity. Here we develop and verify the first hydro‐mechanically coupled finite element – finite volume model for fracture flow which uses the GG22 model. We use the model to examine fracture flow between oscillating elastic plates and show that inertia may elicit phase‐shifts in the fluid response, larger fluid pressures and rock mass stresses, and induce wave‐like behaviour even in a quasi‐static rock mass. We then apply the model to hydraulic stimulation of a cemented fracture in both the viscous and toughness dominant propagation regimes and examine the influence of inertia and turbulence compared to Poiseuille flow. We demonstrate that inertial effects due to the variation of aperture are negligible in two‐dimensional KGD‐like fractures with constant injection rates. If the flow rates are large enough to invoke turbulent flow behaviour, then significantly different fracture propagation behaviour is observed. The modelling established in this article will serve as the basis to examine the role of inertia and turbulence in axisymmetrical radial fractures and dynamic stimulation with pressure pulsing where we expect the role of inertia to be more significant.
Investigating the protective effects ofElaeagnus angustifoliafruit extract on hematological parameters and damage of different tissues of male mice exposed to graphene oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Sayadi Mohammad Hossein , Fahoul Nazanin , Kharkan Javad , Khairieh Masoumeh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects ofElaeagnus angustifoliafruit extract (EAFE) on hematology, biochemical parameters, liver enzymes and damage of different tissues of male mice exposed to graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO NPs). In this research, 48 mice were divided into six groups. Hematology parameters including red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb), biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, protein, albumin, creatinine and bilirubin, liver enzymes including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and histological damage of liver, kidney, lung and testis of mice were investigated. The results show that GO NPs in both concentrations (30 and 60 mg/kg/bw) decrease the number of RBC compared to the control group (p < 0.05). EAFE has no effect on RBC count while EAFE in combination with both concentrations of 30 and 60 mg/kg/bw GO NPs significantly (p < 0.05) improves the RBC count of mice. Also, the results show that EAFE improves the number of WBC, Ht, Hb, and biochemical parameters of mice exposed to different concentrations of GO NPs. A series of morphological changes were observed in the RBC of rats exposed to 60 mg/kg/bw GO NPs, including Dacrocyte, Poikilocyte and Schistocyte, which EAFE can improve the morphological changes caused in RBC. A series of histological damages such as degeneration and dilatation in the central vein in liver tissue, thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration in the renal capsule, peribronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltration and congestion in peribronchiolar blood vessels in lung tissue and decrease in the height of the germinal epithelium and a decrease in the population of spermatozoid cells in spermatogenic cells were observed in the testis of mice exposed to 60 mg/kg/bw GO NPs. The results show that EAFE can improve the damage caused by GO NPs in the liver, kidney and lung tissues, while it has no effect on the damage in the mice testis tissue. Therefore, GO NPs cause damage in the blood and different tissues of mice, and the use of EAFE can be effective in improving these damages.
Impact of an enteral nutrition holding guideline on daily nutrition goals in patients taking phenytoin
Authors: Webb Andrew J. , Avramovska Simona , Qualls Stephanie , Lo Carmen Kaman , Roberts Russel J. , Barra Megan E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundConcomitant administration of enteral nutrition (EN) and phenytoin decreases phenytoin absorption. Concerns over impaired nutrition, however, may prevent EN from being held surrounding phenytoin administration. This study aimed to evaluate whether EN holding guidelines impacted nutrition goal achievement in patients taking phenytoin.MethodsAdult patients administered enteral phenytoin for acute or chronic seizures while receiving EN during a neurocritical care admission 6 months before and after EN holding guideline implementation were eligible. Patients without phenytoin concentrations or a clinical registered dietitian assessment were excluded. The primary outcome was the percentage of nutrition daily goals attained before and after implementation. Secondary end points included the incidence of hypoglycemia, differences in measured phenytoin concentrations, and rates of therapeutic (10–20 mcg/ml) and high‐therapeutic (15–20 mcg/ml) concentration attainment. Concentrations were adjusted for hypoalbuminemia using the Winter‐Tozer equation.ResultsFifty‐five patients representing 412 patient days and 1110 phenytoin administrations were included with 29 preimplementation and 26 postimplementation patients. Median percent attainment of daily EN goals was consistent preimplementation and postimplementation (86% vs 83%, P = 0.48). No significant change in rates of days with hypoglycemia was observed. Adjusted phenytoin concentrations were similar before and after implementation (14.1 vs 15.2 mcg/ml, P = 0.45), but the preimplementation cohort had a lower proportion of high‐therapeutic concentrations (23% vs 36%, P = 0.018).ConclusionHolding EN for phenytoin did not impact attainment of daily nutrition goals and was not associated with increased rates of hypoglycemia. This is the first study to evaluate the effect of EN holding on nutrition goals in patients receiving phenytoin.
Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation versus expectant management for stage I twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nassr Ahmed A. , Hessami Kamran , Zargarzadeh Nikan , Krispin Eyal , Mostafaei Shayan , Habli Mounira A. , Papanna Ramesha , Emery Stephen P. , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo investigate the outcomes of asymptomatic stage I twin‐to‐twin transfusion syndrome (stage I TTTS) among patients treated with fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) versus expectant management. Databases such as PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically searched from inception up to March 1st, 2022. The primary outcome was at least one fetal survival at birth and secondary outcomes included gestational age at delivery, preterm premature rupture of membranes < 32 weeks, preterm birth < 32 weeks, and single and dual fetal survival. Five studies were included in the meta‐analysis. There was no significant difference in terms of at least one survival (odds ratio (OR) = 1.40, 95%CI= (0.26, 7.43), P = 0.70), single survival (OR = 0.87, 95%CI= (0.51, 1.48), P = 0.60) and dual survival (OR = 1.63, 95%CI= (0.74, 3.62), P = 0.23) among FLP and expectant groups. Gestational age at delivery (mean difference = 1.19, 95%CI= (−0.25, 2.63), P = 0.10), the risk of PTB<32 weeks (OR = 0.88, 95%CI= (0.50, 1.54), P = 0.65), and pPROM<32 weeks (OR = 1.80, 95% CI= (0.41, 7.98), P = 0.44) were also comparable between the groups. Routine FLP of the placental anastomoses before 26 weeks of gestation is unlikely to be beneficial among asymptomatic stable stage I TTTS patients without cervical shortening as the procedure does not offer a survival advantage compared with expectant management.
Research on the reaction mechanism of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene resource utilization I: Formation of 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzoic acid in acetic acid with N,N′,N″‐trihydroxyisocyanuric acid catalyst
Authors: Zhang Guan , Li Jin , Liu Zongkuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs an organic molecule catalyst, N,N′,N″‐trihydroxyisocyanuric acid can selectively catalyze the oxidation of the methyl group of waste 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene to generate 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzoic acid. This reaction can avoid environmental pollution by inorganic heavy metal catalysts. In this study, four reaction stages of this catalytic reaction were designed and validated computationally at the M06‐2X‐D3ZERO/6‐311G(d,p) level using the acetic acid solvent model. These validations include transition state searches, intrinsic reaction coordinate calculations, reactant and product optimizations, and frequency calculations. The final reaction network of 23 transition states shows that after N,N′,N″‐trihydroxyisocyanuric acid activation and common reaction, the network bifurcates into two stages: alcohol to carboxylic acid and aldehyde to carboxylic acid. Although the former stage releases about 155 kcal/mol of Gibbs free energy, less than the 177 kcal/mol from the latter stage, the overall reaction equation shows that the pathway including former stage does not consume the catalytically active substance IM_T2, which saves the energy required for reactivation and is thus more favorable. Furthermore, the key transition states in the reaction network include bimolecular substitution reactions and proton‐hopping transfer reactions. Analyses of their interaction region indicators and intrinsic reaction coordinate results demonstrate strong selectivity. Additionally, the energy barriers and heat releases of the latter are twice and 1.3 times greater than those of the former, respectively. In summary, this study elucidated two competitive reaction pathways and identified the more energetically favorable and selective pathway, and it provides useful insights for further optimization of industrial utilization of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene.
Pre‐culture with transferrin‐Fe3+ before in vitro maturation improves the developmental competence of porcine oocytes matured in vitro
Authors: Tonai Shingo , Nakanishi Tomoya , Yamaoka Manami , Okamoto Asako , Shimada Masayuki , Yamashita Yasuhisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeSince the developmental competence of oocytes cultured after in vitro maturation (IVM) is low, it is necessary to improve the IVM method for efficient offspring production. In this study, we revealed that transferrin (TF)‐Fe3+ was accumulated in follicular fluid with increasing the follicular diameter, and that TF receptor (TFR1) was localized in granulosa cells of pig. Thus, we hypothesized that TF‐Fe3+ would be a factor in the induction of developmental competence of porcine oocytes.MethodsTo mimic the follicular development environment, cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were cultured in pre‐IVM medium (low dose of FSH) without or with Holo‐TF (monoferric or diferric TF) or Apo‐TF (non‐iron bond TF). After pre‐IVM without or with Holo‐TF, COCs were cultured in IVM medium (high dose of FSH and EGF) without or with Holo‐TF.ResultsCultivation with Holo‐TF increased the expression of follicular development maker (Cyp19a1 and Ccnd2), E2 production, and proliferative activity of cumulus cells, whereas cultivation with Apo‐TF did not show these positive effects. The treatment with Holo‐TF during pre‐IVM, but not during IVM, dramatically induced oocyte maturation with increasing the blastocyst rate.ConclusionWe succeeded in showing for the first time that the cultivation with Holo‐TF in pre‐IVM can produce embryos in pig with high efficiency.
Robust stability/stabilization with variable convergence rate for uncertain impulsive stochastic systems
Authors: Li Yuanen , Zhang Huasheng , Xie Xiangpeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article researches the interval‐driven variable convergence rate robust stability/stabilization of uncertain impulsive stochastic systems. First, a new conception of variable convergence rate stability for uncertain impulsive stochastic systems is presented in conjunction with the idea of generalized pole configurations. Also, a new criterion for variable convergence rate robust stability/stabilization of uncertain impulsive stochastic systems is given, which can reflect and regulate the convergence rate of the system state. In addition, a new algorithm is designed by means of an interval‐driven stabilization method. This algorithm, combined with the variable convergence rate criterion, achieves accurate control of the convergence rate of the state at the operational level. Double instances are proposed to verify the superiority of the method.
Integrating Media Literacy Across the Content Areas
Authors: Korona Matthew , Hutchison Amy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTeachers must first acquire the necessary media literacy skills, strategies, dispositions, and pedagogy to impactfully integrate media literacy into their instruction. Furthermore, previous studies have suggested designing curricular resources as an effective form of media literacy professional learning. This case study examined how high school teachers of different content areas integrate media literacy into their instruction while participating in an online professional development course and how high school teachers applied the content from a media literacy online professional development course to design media literacy instruction. Findings indicated teachers made minor changes to their previous instructional practice, which indicated that participating in the online course led them to think about media literacy integration in new ways. Additionally, teachers applied the online professional development content by using media to build background knowledge, offering explicit media literacy strategy instruction and support, promoting independent practice at the intersection of content curricula and media literacy, and assigning media production to demonstrate content knowledge. Recommendations include equipping teachers with media literacy background knowledge, examining instruction stemming from media literacy professional development, and empowering teachers to design media literacy instruction through critical lenses.
P‐2.14: Metasurface Applications in AR Near‐eye Display Devices
Authors: Li Zhengping , Xu Zhiping , Li Ying , Wang Lijun 
Published: August 2023

Augmented reality technology is a new display technology that integrates virtual digital information with real physical information and has become an important research field in global information technology. Near‐eye display devices are an important part of augmented reality. At present, traditional optical devices are widely used in near‐eye equipment, but the optical performance of the equipment is limited and the volume is large, making it difficult to meet the market's needs for thinness and high performance. With the development of micro‐nano processing technology, metasurfaces composed of artificial sub‐wavelength scale units, which are both ultra‐thin and can regulate arbitrary light fields, will become a new idea for the development of new near‐eye display devices.In this review, we first introduce the basic working principle of metasurface, mainly the principle of light field control of metasurface, analyze the aberration of metasurface imaging, and then evaluate the corresponding image quality. Then, a variety of existing metasurface design schemes are reviewed, including the design of structural elements, the overall architecture distribution, the design method of the system, the algorithm used, and the performance index. Finally, the problems to be solved and the future development direction of the current metasurface‐based near‐eye display system are summarized. Metasurface is easy to integrate and has a high degree of design freedom, which is expected to replace traditional optical components. Augmented reality near‐eye display devices based on metasurface with a large field of view and an ultra‐thin profile will become an important development direction in the future.
Virus‐Like Magnetic Heterostructure: an Outstanding Metal‐Complex Active Platform Enables High‐Efficiency Separation and Catalysis
Authors: Guo Zhiyong , Zhang Chen , He Tongxu , Xiao Huaiyu , Jin Jingwen , Yao Qiuhong , Ye Tingxiu , Chen Xi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAssembled heterostructure systems, as emerging functional materials, have broad applications ranging from enzyme and drug payload to catalysis and purification. However, these require trial‐ and ‐error design process and complex experimental environment to generate heterostructure materials. Here, this study describes an easy‐to‐execute strategy to fabricate magnetic heterostructure as multifunctional delivery system. We utilize first‐row transition metal copper and nitroso/amino ligand as modules to assemble around Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles by excessed mild stimuli and fabricate the magnetic heterostructure materials (Fe3O4@ TACN NPs (tetraamminecopper (II) nitrate)). Notably, the Fe3O4@ TACN NPs present with cat's‐whisker structure containing ligand and metal center. The nitroso‐group ligands exhibit strong binding affinity to heme‐structure enzyme, ensuring effective capture and isolate of cytochrome C (Cyt‐c), resulting in their excellent isolation property. The copper complex‐powered magnetic heterostructure materials can effectively isolation Cyt‐c from complex biological sample (pork heart). Importantly, the Fe3O4@ TACN NPs coordinated with heme‐structure, induced methionine 80 (Met80) disassociates from heme prosthetic group, and contributed to peroxidase‐like (POD‐like) activities increasing. These results exhibit that copper complex‐powered magnetic heterostructure materials can not only satisfy the Cyt‐c isolation and immobilization in an alkaline medium, but also be of the potential for improving the immobilization enzyme reactor performance.