bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic expression of IGFBP3 modulate dual actions of mineralization micro-environment during tooth development via Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang MengDan , Zheng Junming , Wu Siyuan , Chen Hailing , Xiang Lusai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Tooth development, as one of the major mineralized tissues in the body, require fine-tuning of mineralization micro-environment. The interaction between dental epithelium and mesenchyme plays a decisive role in this process. With epithelium–mesenchyme dissociation study, we found interesting expression pattern of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) in response to disruption of dental epithelium–mesenchyme interaction. Its action and related mechanisms as regulator of mineralization micro-environment during tooth development are investigated.

Results
Expressions of osteogenic markers at early stage of tooth development are significantly lower than those at later stage. BMP2 treatment further confirmed a high mineralization micro-environment is disruptive at early stage, but beneficial at later stage of tooth development. In contrast, IGFBP3's expression increased gradually from E14.5, peaked at P5, and decreased afterwards, demonstrating an inverse correlation with osteogenic markers. RNA-Seq and Co-immunoprecipitation showed that IGFBP3 regulates the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway activity by enhancing DKK1 expression and direct protein–protein interaction. The suppression of the mineralization microenvironment effectuated by IGFBP3 could be reversed by the DKK1 inhibitor WAY-262611, further demonstrating that IGFBP3 exerted its influence via DKK1.

Conclusion
A deeper understanding of tooth development mechanisms is essential for tooth regeneration, which have great implications for dental care. The current study demonstrated that the IGFBP3 expression is regulated in accordance with the needs of the mineralization microenvironment during tooth development, and IGFBP3 exerts its modulating action on osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs by DKK1-Wnt/ beta-catenin axis.
The effects of hip- vs. knee-dominant hamstring exercise on biceps femoris morphology, strength, and sprint performance: a randomized intervention trial protocol
Authors: Crawford Scott K. , Hickey Jack , Vlisides Jessica , Chambers Jennifer S. , Mosiman Samuel J. , Heiderscheit Bryan C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The hamstrings are an important muscle group that contribute to horizontal force during sprint acceleration and are also the most injured muscle group in running-based sports. Given the significant time loss associated with hamstrings injury and impaired sprinting performance following return to sport, identifying exercises that drive adaptations that are both protective of strain injury and beneficial to sprint performance is important for the strength and conditioning professional. This paper describes the study protocol investigating the effects of a 6-week training program using either the hip-dominant Romanian deadlift (RDL) or the knee-dominant Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) on hamstring strain injury risk factors and sprint performance.

Methods
A permuted block randomized (1:1 allocation) intervention trial will be conducted involving young, physically-active men and women. A target sample size of 32 will be recruited and enrolled participants will undergo baseline testing involving extended-field-of-view ultrasound imaging and shear wave elastography of the biceps femoris long head muscle, maximal hamstrings strength testing in both the RDL and NHE, and on-field sprint performance and biomechanics. Participants will complete the 6-week training intervention using either the RDL or NHE, according to group allocation. Baseline testing will be repeated at the end of the 6-week intervention followed by 2 weeks of detraining and a final testing session. The primary outcome will be regional changes in fascicle length with secondary outcomes including pennation angle, muscle cross sectional area, hamstring strength, and maximal sprint performance and biomechanics. An exploratory aim will determine changes in shear wave velocity.

Discussion
Despite extensive research showing the benefits of the NHE on reducing hamstring strain injury risk, alternative exercises, such as the RDL, may offer similar or potentially even greater benefits. The findings of this study will aim to inform future researchers and practitioners investigating alternatives to the NHE, such as the RDL, in terms of their effectiveness in reducing rates of hamstring strain injury in larger scale prospective intervention studies.

Trial Registration
The trial is prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05455346; July 15, 2022).
Transcutaneous measurement of renal function in two rodent models of obstructive nephropathy
Authors: Jensen Michael Schou , de Araujo Isabela Bastos Binotti Abreu , Mutsaers Henricus A.M. , Nørregaard Rikke 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a key indicator of renal function. In both clinical practice and pre-clinical research, serum levels of endogenous filtration markers, such as creatinine, are often used to estimate GFR. However, these markers often do not reflect minor changes in renal function. In this study, we therefore set out to evaluate the applicability of transcutaneous GFR (tGFR) measurements to monitor the changes in renal function, as compared to plasma creatinine (pCreatinine), in two models of obstructive nephropathy, namely unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or bilateral ureteral obstruction followed by release (BUO-R) in male Wistar rats.

Results
UUO animals showed a significant reduction in tGFR compared to baseline; whereas pCreatinine levels were not significantly changed. In BUO animals, tGFR drops 24 h post BUO and remains lower upon release of the obstruction until day 11. Concomitantly, pCreatinine levels were also increased 24 h after obstruction and 24 h post release, however after 4 days, pCreatinine returned to baseline levels. In conclusion, this study revealed that the tGFR method is superior at detecting minor changes in renal function as compared to pCreatinine measurements.
Successful treatment of a multifocal comminuted open fracture of humerus with severe soft tissue defect: a case report
Authors: Barati Hasan , Afzal Sina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Choosing the appropriate treatment approach for a multifocal comminuted open fracture of humerus with severe soft tissue defect is a challenging issue, which could be interesting for every orthopedic surgeon especially for those working in the trauma centers.

Case presentation
This study described an innovative approach using titanium elastic nailing to treat a multifocal comminuted open fracture of humerus with severe soft tissue defect. In this study, we report a 40-year-old Persian female patient in whom the treatment achieved complete fracture union and skin graft healing by elastic medullary nailing, vacuum dressing, and skin grafting.

Conclusions
Elastic medullary nailing is a viable option for reconstruction of simultaneous comminuted fracture and soft tissue defect.
Scalable block preconditioners for saturated thermo-hydro-mechanics problems
Authors: Ordonez Ana C. , Tardieu Nicolas , Kruse Carola , Ruiz Daniel , Granet Sylvie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe are interested in the modelling of saturated thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) problems that describe the behaviour of a soil in which a weakly compressible fluid evolves. It is used for the evaluation of the THM impact of high-level activity radioactive waste exothermicity within a deep geological disposal facility. We shall present the definition of a block preconditioner with nested Krylov solvers for the fully coupled THM equations. Numerical results reflect the good performance of the proposed preconditioners that show to be weakly scalable until more than 2000 cores and more than 1 billion degrees of freedom. Thanks to their performance and robustness, a real waste storage problem on a scale, to our knowledge, unprecedented in the field, can be addressed.
Comparison of spontaneous eruption and modified closed eruption technique with palatal traction in alignment of impacted maxillary central incisor teeth
Authors: Marek Ivo , Janková Anna , Starosta Martin , Novosad Michal , Kučera Josef 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Central incisor impaction is a rare condition with potentially severe clinical and psychological implications for the patient. Treatment techniques vary according to the pretreatment situation and individual factors. The aim of this study was to compare the esthetic outcomes and treatment times between two different approaches.

Materials and methods
In this retrospective study, thirty-one consecutive patients (13 boys, 18 girls; average age 9.5 ± 2.3 years) with a total of 34 impacted permanent upper central incisors were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to method of treatment. Group A comprised patients in whom spontaneous eruption occurred after space opening (n = 12), and Group B comprised patients in whom teeth showed no eruption and required treatment with a modified closed eruption method with palatally oriented traction (n = 19). Treatment time and esthetic outcomes were assessed and compared between groups.

Results
The mean treatment time was 22.0 ± 6.7 months, and all teeth were successfully aligned. No statistically significant difference in average treatment time was found between groups in baseline characteristics (p > 0.05). The amount of attached gingiva was significantly smaller when compared to contralateral reference teeth in the closed eruption group (Group B; p = 0.03). However, no difference in amount of attached gingiva was found between both groups (p = 0.26). Additionally, no difference in the clinical crown length was found between groups (p = 0.27).

Conclusion
The closed eruption method with palatal traction directed at the peak of the alveolar crest provided results comparable to the physiologic tooth eruption.
Pre-activated biochar by fertilizers mitigates nutrient leaching and stimulates soil microbial activity
Authors: Brtnicky Martin , Mustafa Adnan , Hammerschmiedt Tereza , Kintl Antonin , Trakal Lukas , Beesley Luke , Ryant Pavel , Omara-Ojungu Carol , Baltazar Tivadar , Holatko Jiri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that the targeted application of biochars in agricultural soils may benefit soil health and crop production. Physico-chemical properties of soils after biochar addition have been explored, but less is known about how microbial parameters respond. Therefore, impact of biochar (NB), mineral fertilizer-activated biochar (AB), or mineral fertilizer (MF) application on selected chemical and microbial parameters of lettuce-planted soil was evaluated in a pot experiment.ResultsIn comparison to the control, soil enzymes activities, related to carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling, and their content in plant biomass, were significantly increased by the addition of mineral fertilizer with or without biochar (MF, NB + MF). Conversely, microbial respiration (basal and substrate induced) was highly responsive to the activated biochar amendment (AB) as compared to other treatments. N, P, and potassium (K) concentrations in soil pore water were stabilized by the mineral fertilizer-activated biochar, indicating reduced leaching and the likelihood of increased longevity of these nutrients in soils. Enhanced carbon acquisition and mitigated nitrogen acquisition in soil of the most experimental treatments were coupled with higher crop (lettuce) biomass.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that the application of biochar both with and without mineral fertilizer has the potential to enhance microbial activity and fertility in the tested agricultural soil, but that leaching of fertilizer-borne nutrients may be mitigated by the activation process.Graphical Abstract
An epidemiological study of unintentional pediatric firearm fatalities in the USA, 2009–2018
Authors: Vaishnav Arti , Smith Gary A. , Badeti Jaahnavi , Michaels Nichole L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Firearm injuries are the leading cause of mortality among children and adolescents 1–19 years old in the USA. Many prior studies on this topic lack detailed information about the circumstances of the firearm fatalities and include decedents and shooters of all ages. This study characterizes firearm fatalities in the USA in which children < 15 years old unintentionally killed themselves or another child.

Methods
Ten years of data from the National Violent Death Reporting System were analyzed. Unintentional firearm fatalities among children were reviewed to identify characteristics of decedents and the children who inflicted the deaths, their relationship, and circumstances of the deaths. There were 279 firearm fatalities during the study period involving children < 15 years old who unintentionally killed themselves or another child < 15 years old.

Results
Most victims were male (81.4%), and 40.9% were 2–4 years old. Most incidents (64.0%) occurred at the victim’s residence, and in 80.9% of cases the firearm owner was a relative of the shooter. In the < 5-year age group, 80.3% of injuries were self-inflicted, and in the 10–14-year age group, 32.3% of shooters were a friend of the victim.

Conclusion
This study highlights that children in the USA are shooting themselves and each other in their own homes, and often accessing firearms owned by family members. These findings can be used to guide prevention efforts, such as child access prevention laws, to reduce the number of pediatric firearm fatalities in the future.
The efficiency of the electro-osmosis method on the consolidation and strength properties of the gray clay of Tabriz
Authors: Zareh Ali , Poursorkhabi Ramin Vafaei , Majdi Alireza Alizadeh , Sarand Fariba Behrouz 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Consolidation of clays could be a very time-consuming procedure. However, preloading can increase the speed of consolidation; applying an electric field can accelerate this procedure significantly. The efficiency of the electroosmosis approach has been studied for different types of clays previously. At the same time, there is no information about the performance of the EO method for Tabriz gray clay.

Methods
This paper investigates the effects of the EO technology on Tabriz gray clay using a modified oedometer consolidation apparatus. The achieved results of the EO consolidation of the Gray clay of Tabriz are compared with the standard Kaolin clay (KC-which produced industrially). Three different electrodes (Iron, Copper, and Aluminum) are employed to study about effects of the electrode type, and two different voltages (12 V and 24 V) are applied to assess the impact of the input electric field on the settlement of samples.

Results
It is shown that the copper electrode leads to maximum volumetric strains while the iron electrode results in minimum volumetric strains. In addition, it is shown that the larger input voltage leads to larger settlements. The results indicate that the EO approach is more efficient for the Gray clay of Tabriz in comparison to the KC, where gray clay shows larger settlements while subjected to an electric field. Unconfined compression tests are also applied to some samples, and the EO method’s influence on the samples’ strength is discussed.

Conclusions
The achieved results demonstrated that the EO method can be efficiently used to improve the consolidation and strength properties of the gray clay of Tabriz.
Combined treatment with surgery and immune checkpoint inhibitor extended survival in a case of gastric intramural metastasis from esophageal cancer: a case report
Authors: Wakasugi Ayako , Kimura Yasue , Natsugoe Keita , Nakanoko Tomonori , Nonaka Kentaro , Nambara Sho , Hu Qingjiang , Nakanishi Ryota , Ota Mitsuhiko , Oki Eiji , Oda Yoshinao , Yoshizumi Tomoharu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntramural metastasis (IM) of esophageal cancer is classified as distant metastasis according to the Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, and it is well-known to be associated with a poor prognosis. We herein report a case of perforated gastric IM of esophageal cancer that was successfully controlled with nonradical surgery and subsequent immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment.Case presentationA 72-year-old woman was referred to our department for the treatment of esophageal cancer and perforated gastric ulcer. A histological examination of the main tumor and gastric ulcer lesion revealed squamous cell carcinoma. Since the gastric wall tumor had invaded the celiac artery, complete resection was considered impossible. Chemotherapy was administered but led to severe adverse events, so palliative resection was performed. Two months after surgery, computed tomography revealed enlargement of the residual tumor around the celiac artery. However, after nivolumab monotherapy was started, the tumor diminished remarkably, and the quality of life of the patient dramatically improved. Nine months after nonradical surgery, she is surviving without any disease concern.ConclusionsWith the increased availability of ICIs, multidisciplinary treatment with surgery and ICIs can potentially lead to long-term survival, even in cases expected to have a poor prognosis.
Evaluation of dietary food intakes and anthropometric measures in middle-aged men with aggressive symptoms
Authors: Abiri Behnaz , Amini Shirin , Ehsani Hajar , Ehsani MohammadAli , Adineh Parisa , Mohammadzadeh Hakimeh , Hashemi Sima 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Aggression is one of the most prevalent behavioral disorders in men.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the possible association between dietary intake of food groups and aggression in middle-aged married men.

Methods
This case-control study included 336 participants (168 men with aggressive behaviors and 168 healthy controls) aged 35–55 years. Demographic information was collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire. A food frequency questionnaire was used to investigate the diet group intake last year. Based on the normality of the data distribution, Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare quantitative variables between the two groups. Categorical variables were compared between cases and controls using the Chi-squared test. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the possible association between food intake and aggression.

Results
Compared to controls, aggressive men had significantly higher mean weight, height, and waist circumference (WC), p = 0.007, p = 0.001, and p = 0.043, respectively. After adjusting WC, energy intake, and educational level, in Model 1, intake of milk, cheese, poultry, red meat, legumes, egg, fruits, and vegetables had a significant protective role on the occurrence of aggression, (Odd Ratio (OR) = 0.36; 95% (Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.204, 0.670; P = 0.001), (OR = 0.440; 95% CI = 0.284, 0.781; P = 0.005), (OR = 0.621; 95% CI = 0.284, 0.781; P = 0.046), (OR = 0.358; 95% CI = 0.198, 0.647; P = 0.001), (OR = 0.434; 95% CI = 0.243, 0.773; P = 0.005), (OR = 0.411; 95% CI = 0.229, 0.736; P = 0.003), (OR = 0.332; 95% CI = 0.180, 0.614; P < 0.001), (OR = 0.310; 95% CI = 0.168, 0.572; P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions
Lower WC and a diet containing high-quality protein, fruits, and vegetables can have a protective role against aggression and are recommended for men with an aggressive mood. This diet can affect plasma levels of tryptophan and, therefore, brain levels of serotonin.
Development and validation of a questionnaire to examine determinants of consumer intentions to purchase organic food
Authors: Bazhan Marjan , Shafiei Sabet Farnam , Borumandnia Nasrin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Organic farming is a relatively new concept in developing countries compared to developed countries. Understanding the factors affecting consumers’ willingness to pay for organic foods is critical to increasing the production of these products. This study aimed to develop and validate a Persian version of the questionnaire for assessing determinants of organic food purchase intention among adults in Tehran, the capital of Iran.

Methods
The study was conducted in a two-phased standardized methodology in 2019. During Phase 1, a draft questionnaire was developed based on a comprehensive literature review. In phase 2, validation of the instrument was performed. Participants included a multidisciplinary expert panel comprising 14 members to evaluate content validity, a sample of lay people to assess face validity (n = 20), internal consistency (n = 300), and test-retest reliability (n = 62). The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha.

Results
Forty-nine of 57 items had a CVR above 0.51 and were retained in the questionnaire. Three items were added to the questionnaire. The average CVI for the questionnaire was 0.97. Cronbach’s α and ICC of the entire questionnaire were 0.86 and 0.93, respectively. Each phase of development progressively improved the questionnaire, resulting in a final 52-item questionnaire divided into 9 dimensions, including knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, health consciousness, environmental concerns, perceived convenience of purchase, perceived cost, sensory characteristics, and purchase intention.

Conclusions
The developed questionnaire appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for examining determinants of consumer intentions to purchase organic food.
Informal childcare arrangements: a comparison between Italians and migrants
Authors: Trappolini Eleonora , Terzera Laura , Rimoldi Stefania M. L. , Barbiano di Belgiojoso Elisa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs migrants settle in their destination country, for those who reunited the family or after childbirth childcare becomes a priority. Most studies on migrants’ childcare arrangements have focused on parental use of formal childcare rather than on different informal childcare solutions by analysing only families with preschool-age children. Italy poses an interesting case study because its welfare system is characterised by a familistic model of care, based on solidarity between generations. In familistic countries, migrants’ childcare solutions are more constrained. In this study, we analysed differences in informal childcare needs and arrangements for children younger than 14 between Italians and migrants from different countries of origin. We merged two surveys conducted by the Italian National Statistics Institute in 2011–2012: ‘Social Condition and Integration of Foreign Citizens’, a sample of households with at least one migrant with foreign citizenship, and ‘Multiscopo—Aspects of Daily Life’, a sample of households in Italy. We found that household composition and parents’ employment status play an important role in shaping informal childcare arrangements. Overall, migrants are less likely to use informal childcare, especially grandparents, than Italians but when they do, they rely more on other relatives and non-relatives than Italians. Moreover, differences emerge across migrant subgroups. This study is the first in Italy to contribute to an understanding of the role of migrant status in determining parents’ childcare arrangements for children up to 13 years.