bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound assessment of endotracheal tube depth in neonates: a prospective feasibility study
Authors: Levkovitz Orly , Schujovitzky Dana , Stackievicz Rodica , Fayoux Pierre , Morag Iris , Litmanovitz Ita , Arnon Shmuel , Bauer Sofia 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo examine the reliability of a novel ultrasound (US) method for assessment of endotracheal tube (ETT) position in neonates.DesignProspective, observational, single-centre, feasibility study.SettingLevel III neonatal intensive care unit.PatientsTerm and preterm neonates requiring endotracheal intubation.InterventionUS measurement of the ETT tip to right pulmonary artery (RPA) distance was used to determine ETT position according to one-fourth to three-fourths estimated tracheal length for weight. US demonstration of pleural sliding and diaphragmatic movement was also assessed. Chest radiography (CXR) was performed following each intubation.Main outcome measuresAgreement between US assessment of ETT tip position and CXR served as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for each US method and correlation between ETT tip to RPA distance on US, and ETT tip to carina distance on CXR were assessed.ResultsForty-two US studies were performed on 33 intubated neonates. US evaluation of ETT-RPA distance identified 100% of ETTs positioned correctly: 77% deep and 80% high, demonstrating strong agreement with CXR (kappa=0.822). Sensitivity was 78%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100% and negative predictive value 86%. US ETT-RPA distance strongly correlated with CXR ETT-carina distance (r=0.826). No significant agreement was found between CXR and US assessment of pleural sliding and diaphragmatic movement. No adverse events were encountered during US scans.ConclusionUS evaluation of ETT-RPA distance demonstrated excellent accuracy for determining ETT position in neonates compared with CXR. More research is needed to support its feasibility in clinical settings.
Management of perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms
Authors: Duralde Erin R , Sobel Talia H , Manson JoAnn E 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Most women worldwide experience menopausal symptoms during the menopause transition or postmenopause. Vasomotor symptoms are most pronounced during the first four to seven years but can persist for more than a decade, and genitourinary symptoms tend to be progressive. Although the hallmark symptoms are hot flashes, night sweats, disrupted sleep, and genitourinary discomfort, other common symptoms and conditions are mood fluctuations, cognitive changes, low sexual desire, bone loss, increase in abdominal fat, and adverse changes in metabolic health. These symptoms and signs can occur in any combination or sequence, and the link to menopause may even be elusive. Estrogen based hormonal therapies are the most effective treatments for many of the symptoms and, in the absence of contraindications to treatment, have a generally favorable benefit:risk ratio for women below age 60 and within 10 years of the onset of menopause. Non-hormonal treatment options are also available. Although a symptom driven treatment approach with individualized decision making can improve health and quality of life for midlife women, menopausal symptoms remain substantially undertreated by healthcare providers.
Stakeholder’s perspectives of postnatal discharge: a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Harvey Chloe Mercedes , Smith Helen , Portela Anayda , Movsisyan Ani 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDischarge preparation prior to leaving a health facility after childbirth offers a critical window of opportunity for women, parents and newborns to receive support for the transition to care at home. However, research suggests that the quality of discharge preparation following childbirth is variable. This review synthesises qualitative evidence on stakeholder perspectives of postnatal discharge.MethodsWe conducted a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies included in a larger published scoping review on discharge preparedness and readiness (reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews). For inclusion, in the qualitative evidence synthesis, studies had to have used qualitative methods for data collection and analysis to capture the perspectives of women, parents and health workers. Key characteristics and findings were extracted, and thematic analysis was used to inductively develop a conceptual coding framework.ResultsOf a total of 130 research documents (published research articles and grey literature), six studies met the inclusion criteria; five were conducted in high-income countries, five were published in English and one was published in Swedish. Studies reported on the experiences of women, fathers and midwives with the number of participants ranging from 12 to 324. Nine descriptive themes (findings) were identified. From these, three high-level analytical themes were generated: (1) health workers need support to optimise the postnatal discharge process; (2) the allocated time for, and timing of, discharge is rushed; (3) overlooking women’s and fathers’/partners’ needs leads to feelings of exclusion.ConclusionsFindings suggest an overall feeling of dissatisfaction among women, parents and midwives with the current provision of discharge preparation. In particular, women and midwives expressed frustration at the lack of time and resources available for ensuring adequate quality of care prior to discharge. The perspectives of included stakeholders indicate a demand for increased focus on the emotional and social needs of women and families during discharge preparation as well as better engagement of fathers and other family members. The qualitative evidence available indicates the likely positive impact of adequate discharge preparation if the identified service and system barriers can be overcome. As the updated WHO recommendations on postnatal care become embedded in country health systems and policies, there may be renewed interest on values, preferences and perspectives at system, service and end-user level.
Associations between air pollution and mental health service use in dementia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ronaldson Amy , Stewart Robert , Mueller Christoph , Das-Munshi Jayati , Newbury Joanne B , Mudway Ian S , Broadbent Matthew , Fisher Helen L , Beevers Sean , Dajnak David , Hotopf Matthew , Hatch Stephani L , Bakolis Ioannis 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundLittle is known about the role of air pollution in how people with dementia use mental health services.ObjectiveWe examined longitudinal associations between air pollution exposure and mental health service use in people with dementia.MethodsIn 5024 people aged 65 years or older with dementia in South London, high resolution estimates of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5and PM10) levels in ambient air were linked to residential addresses. Associations between air pollution and Community Mental Health Team (CMHT) events (recorded over 9 years) were examined using negative binomial regression models. Cognitive function was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and health and social functioning was measured using the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scale (HoNOS65+). Associations between air pollution and both MMSE and HoNOS65+ scores were assessed using linear regression models.FindingsIn the first year of follow-up, increased exposure to all air pollutants was associated with an increase in the use of CMHTs in a dose-response manner. These associations were strongest when we compared the highest air pollution quartile (quartile 4: Q4) with the lowest quartile (Q1) (eg, NO2: adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 1.27, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.45, p<0.001). Dose-response patterns between PM2.5and CMHT events remained at 5 and 9 years. Associations were strongest for patients with vascular dementia. NO2levels were linked with poor functional status, but not cognitive function.ConclusionsResidential air pollution exposure is associated with increased CMHT usage among people with dementia.Clinical implicationsEfforts to reduce pollutant exposures in urban settings might reduce the use of mental health services in people with dementia, freeing up resources in already considerably stretched psychiatric services.
In vivo polarisation sensitive optical coherence tomography for fibrosis assessment in interstitial lung disease: a prospective, exploratory, observational study
Authors: Vaselli Margherita , Kalverda-Mooij Kirsten , Thunnissen Erik , Tanck Michael W T , Mets Onno M , van den Berk Inge A H , Annema Jouke T , Bonta Peter I , de Boer Johannes F 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionEndobronchial polarisation sensitive optical coherence tomography (EB-PS-OCT) is a bronchoscopic imaging technique exceeding resolution of high-resolution CT (HRCT) by 50-fold. It detects collagen birefringence, enabling identification and quantification of fibrosis.Study aimTo assess pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial lung diseases (ILD) patients with in vivo EB-PS-OCT using histology as reference standard.Primary objectiveVisualisation and quantification of pulmonary fibrosis by EB-PS-OCT.Secondary objectivesComparison of EB-PS-OCT and HRCT detected fibrosis with histology, identification of ILD histological features in EB-PS-OCT images and comparison of ex vivo PS-OCT results with histology.MethodsObservational prospective exploratory study. Patients with ILD scheduled for transbronchial cryobiopsy or surgical lung biopsy underwent in vivo EB-PS-OCT imaging prior to tissue acquisition. Asthma patients were included as non-fibrotic controls. Per imaged lung segment, fibrosis was automatically quantified assessing the birefringent area in EB-PS-OCT images. Fibrotic extent in corresponding HRCT areas and biopsies were compared with EB-PS-OCT detected fibrosis. Microscopic ILD features were identified on EB-PS-OCT images and matched with biopsies from the same segment.Results19 patients were included (16 ILD; 3 asthma). In 49 in vivo imaged airway segments the parenchymal birefringent area was successfully quantified and ranged from 2.54% (no to minimal fibrosis) to 21.01% (extensive fibrosis). Increased EB-PS-OCT detected birefringent area corresponded to increased histologically confirmed fibrosis, with better predictive value than HRCT. Microscopic ILD features were identified on both in vivo and ex vivo PS-OCT images.ConclusionsEB-PS-OCT enables pulmonary fibrosis quantification, thereby has potential to serve as an add-on bronchoscopic imaging technique to diagnose and detect (early) fibrosis in ILD.
Red blood cell capacity of modern menstrual products: considerations for assessing heavy menstrual bleeding
Authors: DeLoughery Emma , Colwill Alyssa C , Edelman Alison , Samuelson Bannow Bethany 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundHeavy menstrual bleeding affects up to one third of menstruating individuals and has a negative impact on quality of life. The diagnosis of heavy menstrual bleeding is based primarily on history taking, which is highly dependent on traditional disposable menstrual products such as pads and tampons. Only tampons undergo industry-regulated testing for absorption capacity. As use of alternative menstrual products is increasing, there is a need to understand how the capacity of these products compare to that of standard products.MethodsA variety of commercially available menstrual products (tampons, pads, menstrual cups and discs, and period underwear) were tested in the laboratory to determine their maximal capacity to absorb or fill using expired human packed red blood cells. The volume of blood necessary for saturation or filling of the product was recorded.ResultsOf the 21 individual menstrual hygiene products tested, a menstrual disc (Ziggy, Jiangsu, China) held the most blood of any product (80 mL). The perineal ice-activated cold pack and period underwear held the least (<3 mL each). Of the product categories tested, on average, menstrual discs had the greatest capacity (61 mL) and period underwear held the least (2 mL). Tampons, pads (heavy/ultra), and menstrual cups held similar amounts of blood (approximately 20–50 mL).ConclusionThis study found considerable variability in red blood cell volume capacity of menstrual products. This emphasises the importance of asking individuals about the type of menstrual products they use and how they use them. Further understanding of capacity of newer menstrual products can help clinicians better quantify menstrual blood loss, identify individuals who may benefit from additional evaluation, and monitor treatment.
Reducing e-cigarette use among youth and young adults: evidence of the truth campaign’s impact
Authors: Hair Elizabeth C , Kreslake Jennifer M , Tulsiani Shreya , McKay Tatum , Vallone Donna 
Published: August 2023

Background
Mass media campaigns have been shown to be effective in reducing cigarette use. However, evidence is limited for whether campaigns can shift e-cigarette use among youth and young adults (YYA). To assess the impact of the truth anti-e-cigarette campaign, which focused on the effects of vaping on mental health, this study examines the relationship between campaign awareness and e-cigarette behaviour among YYA.

Methods
Data from weekly cross-sectional surveys of YYA aged 15–24 years from September 2021 to October 2022 were used for multilevel models assessing how weekly campaign awareness is related to intentions to use e-cigarettes and current e-cigarette use (past 30 days). Weekly campaign awareness was calculated by averaging individual-level awareness for each week. Control variables included individual-level campaign awareness, sociodemographics, perceived financial situation, parental smoking, sensation seeking, and mental health.

Results
Weekly campaign awareness ranged from 50% to 78%, with most weeks (77%) being within 65% and 75% of weekly campaign awareness. At weekly awareness levels between 65% and 75%, there was a significant association with lower intentions to use e-cigarettes. A dose–response relationship was observed for current use: compared with weeks with lower (<65%) awareness, weeks with awareness of 65–70% had 14% lower odds of current use, weeks with 70–75% awareness had 16% lower odds and weeks with >75% weekly awareness had 18% lower odds (p=0.018, p=0.009 and p=0.007, respectively).

Conclusions
Findings from this analysis of weekly campaign awareness demonstrate that exposure to the truth anti-e-cigarette campaign is associated with significantly lower odds of intentions to use and current use of e-cigarette among YYA.
Automatic Detection of Cue Points for the Emulation of DJ Mixing
Authors: Zehren Mickaël , Alunno Marco , Bientinesi Paolo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The automatic identification of cue points is a central task in applications as diverse as music thumbnailing, generation of mash ups, and DJ mixing. Our focus lies in electronic dance music and in a specific kind of cue point, the “switch point,” that makes it possible to automatically construct transitions between tracks, mimicking what professional DJs do. We present two approaches for the detection of switch points. One embodies a few general rules we established from interviews with professional DJs, the other models a manually annotated dataset that we curated. Both approaches are based on feature extraction and novelty analysis. From an evaluation conducted on previously unknown tracks, we found that about 90 percent of the points generated can be reliably used in the context of a DJ mix.
Temporal dynamics of soil nematode population in an Acacia saligna invaded Mediterranean sand dune ecosystem
Authors: Applebaum Itaii , Doniger Tirza , Steinberger Yosef 
Published: August 2023

Summary
The invasive Australian tree, Acacia saligna, has been the subject of numerous studies investigating its ecological impact. However, the effect of its invasion on the soil free-living nematode population has yet to be researched. In this study, we examined the impact of A. saligna on the soil free-living nematode population in a coastal dune site with a Mediterranean climate during three sampling periods. Soil samples were collected from beneath the canopies of A. saligna trees, the native dominant shrub Retama raetam, and bare soil plots as a control. Our findings reveal that A. saligna increases the density of the soil free-living nematode population and changes its trophic and taxonomic composition. While the nematode diversity and functional index scores did not significantly differ between sampling locations, they did differ between the different sampling times, highlighting the seasonal dynamics of the soil nematode population in Mediterranean sand dunes.
Enhancement of salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana by Zostera japonica DnaJ gene
Authors: Chen Siting , Qiu Guanglong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Soil salt damage has become one of the main biological stresses affecting plant seed germination, crop growth and yield. Salt damage can lead to the accumulation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl free radicals in plants, and a large amount of accumulated reactive oxygen species will cause the oxidation of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids and then cause cell damage. In this experiment, the seedlings and adult plants of transgenic Arabidopsis with overexpression of Zostera japonica (Z. japonica) DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 were used as materials. Wild-type and transgenic ZjDjB1 Arabidopsis were treated with 100 mM and 200 mM NaCl and root length, fresh weight, leaf water content and dry weight, physiological indexes and antioxidant system enzyme activities were measured. The results showed that overexpression of Z. japonica DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 could significantly alleviate the damage caused by salt stress to transgenic ZjDjB1 Arabidopsis seedlings and adult plants. The results showed that overexpression of Z. japonica DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 could reduce the content of MDA and O2-, increase the content of proline and activate the enzyme activity of antioxidant system under salt stress, to reduce the damage of salt stress to plants.
Hybrid Assimilation of Snow Cover Improves Land Surface Simulations over Northern China
Authors: Zhu Enda , Shi Chunxiang , Sun Shuai , Jia Binghao , Wang Yaqiang , Yuan Xing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ensemble data assimilation (DA) is an efficient approach to reduce snow simulation errors by combining observation and land surface modeling. However, there is a small spread between ensemble members of simulated snowpack, which typically occurs for a long time with 100% snow cover fraction (SCF) or snow-free conditions. Here, we apply a hybrid DA method, in which direct insertion (DI) is a supplement of the ensemble square root filter (EnSRF), to assimilate the spaceborne SCF into a land surface model, driven by China Meteorological Administration Land Data Assimilation System high-resolution climate forcings over northern China during the snow season in 2021/22. Compared to the open-loop experiment (without SCF assimilation), the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of SCF is reduced by 6% through the original EnSRF and is even lower (by 14%) in the combined DI and EnSRF (EnSRFDI) experiment. The results reveal the ability of both EnSRF and EnSRFDI to improve the SCF estimation over regions where the snow cover is low, while only EnSRFDI is able to efficiently reduce the RMSE over areas with high SCF. Moreover, the SCF assimilation is also observed to improve the snow depth and soil temperature simulations, with the Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) increasing at 60% and 56%–70% stations, respectively, particularly under conditions with near-freezing temperature, in which reliable simulations are typically challenging. Our results demonstrate that the EnSRFDI hybrid method can be applied for the assimilation of spaceborne observational snow cover to improve land surface simulations and snow-related operational products.

Significance Statement
Due to the small spread between the seasonal snowpack of ensemble simulations, ensemble snow cover fraction (SCF) data assimilation (DA) proves to be ineffective. Therefore, we apply a hybrid method that combines the direct insertion (DI) and ensemble square root filter (EnSRF) to assimilate the spaceborne SCF into a land surface model (LSM) driven by high-resolution climate forcings. Our results reveal the applicability of the EnSRFDI to further improve snow cover simulations over regions with high SCF. Furthermore, the DA experiments were validated through a large number of in situ observations from the China Meteorological Administration. The uncertainties of snow depth and soil temperature simulations are also slightly reduced by the SCF DAs, particularly over regions with a poor LSM performance.
Healthy orthorexia, orthorexia nervosa, and personality traits in a community sample in Turkey
Authors: Sezer Katar Kübra , Şahin Başak , Kurtoğlu Mustafa Batuhan 
Published: August 2023

Objective Orthorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by a rigid preoccupation with a perceived healthy diet. However, little is known about healthy orthorexia compared to orthorexia nervosa. The current study examined the relationship between healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa and personality traits in a Turkish sample. Methods Three hundred fifty participants from a community sample aged 18-65 were included in the study. Participants completed a sociodemographic data collection form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS), and the 10-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). Results The frequency of healthy orthorexia was 32.3% and orthorexia nervosa was 10.2%. There were no differences between genders regarding healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa scores. Healthy orthorexia symptoms were negatively correlated with depression and anxiety (r = -0.11 and r = -0.20, respectively, P < .05), while they were positively correlated with agreeableness (r = 0.17), conscientiousness (r = 0.14), and extraversion (r = 0.15). Orthorexia nervosa symptoms were positively associated with anxiety (r = 0.12), depression (r = 0.10), and healthy orthorexia (r = 0.55). Hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated that depression was negatively associated with healthy orthorexia symptoms, explaining 4% of the variance. The agreeableness trait was positively associated with healthy orthorexia symptoms, explaining 4% of the variance. However, no specific personality trait was associated with orthorexia nervosa symptoms. Conclusion To our knowledge, the present study is the first to examine the relationships between personality traits, healthy orthorexia, and orthorexia nervosa symptoms in a Turkish sample. Sociocultural factors may be important for understanding orthorexia nervosa and healthy eating behaviors in this population.