bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression, a major comorbidity of psoriatic disease, is caused by metabolic inflammation
Authors: Mrowietz U. , Sümbül M. , Gerdes S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPsoriatic disease is a chronic, systemic immune‐mediated inflammatory disorder comprising three major domains, skin, vascular and bone/joint inflammation. It is known for a long time that psoriatic disease is associated with a number of conditions such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes (metabolic syndrome) and depression. Up to one out of five people with psoriasis show concomitant depression. In the past, this was attributed to psychological stress of suffering from a chronic condition that is often visible and itchy, leading to stigmatization and adding to a significant burden of disease. Recent data provide evidence that depression associated with psoriatic disease is linked to the specific inflammatory pattern with IL‐23, IL‐17 family cytokines, TNF, IL‐6 and IL‐8 causing neuroinflammation and subsequently depression or depressive behaviour and/or anxiety. Psoriatic disease shows a distinct pattern of immune cells (e.g. dendritic cells, Th17 cells, neutrophils), mediators (e.g. IL‐17A/F, IL‐23, TNF) and tissue‐related factors in all major domains that is different from other inflammatory dermatoses. There is a striking similarity between the inflammatory pattern in psoriatic disease and neuroinflammation that leads to depression. A number of risk factors have been identified in psoriatic disease, the most important of which are obesity and tobacco smoking. Obesity is known as a major risk factor for depression and anxiety due to its inflammatory signature. Apart from psychotherapy and anti‐depressive medication, targeted treatments for psoriasis, including TNF, IL‐17 and IL‐23 inhibitors, can improve depression/depressive symptoms. The review summarizes the current knowledge about depression as a comorbidity in psoriatic disease.
Developing diagnostic criteria for tooth wear, a preliminary beta version based on expert opinion, and a narrative literature review
Authors: Wetselaar Peter , Lobbezoo Frank , de Vries Ralph , Mehta Shamir B. , Opdam Niek J. M. , Loomans Bas A. C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTooth wear is a multifactorial condition, leading to the irreversible loss of dental hard tissues. The availability of an unambiguous, universally applicable assessment protocol remains lacking.ObjectivesThe goal of the authors is to develop a set of diagnostic criteria for the assessment of tooth wear (DC‐TW). A two‐step approach will be used to achieve this objective: (1) to develop a preliminary beta version of the DC‐TW, based on the authors' clinical experience and their shared expertise and supported by a narrative review of the existing literature, and (2) to develop the final DC‐TW, with input from a larger group of experts using an international Delphi process. This paper relates to the first step.MethodsThe authors outlined the components that should be incorporated into the DC‐TW. The literature search was performed to investigate if their concept was in line with the available literature. The search was conducted to identify eligible publications from inception to July 11, 2022. Two authors independently screened all publications, and differences in judgements were resolved through a consensus procedure.ResultsThe search yielded 5362 publications, resulting in the final inclusion of 383. These publications were divided into four main topics: (1) nomenclature/taxonomies; (2) self‐report tools; (3) clinical assessment tools; and (4) clinical decision‐making.ConclusionsThe information from the publications was used and fused with the clinical experience and shared expertise of the authors to contribute to the development of a preliminary beta version of the DC‐TW.
Effect of non‐rigid connector on the stress distribution of tooth‐implant supported fixed prostheses using different implant length and diameter: A comparative 3D finite element study
Authors: Naguib Ghada H. , Hashem Abou Bakr Hossam , Abougazia Ahmed , Mously Hisham A. , Qutub Osama A. , Hamed Mohamed T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the significance of the connector type on stress dissemination within the tooth‐implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses in the mandibular posterior region with different combinations of implant diameter and length by means of finite element analysis (FEA).Materials and MethodsSix models of different designs for tooth‐implant fixed dental prosthesis (FDPs) were simulated and divided into two main groups. Implant lengths were 10, 11.5, and 13 mm while implant diameters were 3.7, 4.7, and 5.7 mm. The main difference between the groups was the connector type. Models were evaluated using 3D FEA (Solidworks Premium 2018 × 64 Edition). Group A tooth‐implant FDPs (5.7 mm × 10 mm) had a mesial and distal rigid connector while group B tooth‐implant FDPs (3.7 mm × 10 mm, 3.7 mm × 11.5 mm, 3.7 mm × 13 mm, 4.7 mm × 10 mm and 5.7 mm × 10 mm) had a mesial non‐rigid connector in their design between the pontic and the tooth. Models were analyzed to determine the magnitude of von Misses Stresses at six specific zones (fixed dental prosthesis, bone around distal implant, bone around tooth, cementum, periodontal ligament, implant) under vertical occlusal loading of 100 N after meshing and assigning the material properties.ResultsStress values around the supporting bone were significantly higher in Group B (tooth‐implant FDP with non‐rigid connection) when compared to Group A (tooth‐implant FDP with rigid connection). Also, the stresses measured at the FDP level showed that the rigid connection group (5.7 mm × 10 mm) exhibited 26% lower stress values when compared to the non‐rigid group (5.7 mm × 10 mm).ConclusionsImplant‐tooth FDPs with rigid connector design using the combination of implant diameter and length (5.7 mm × 10 mm) demonstrated a better design modality thus predicting a higher success rate and more longevity than using the non‐rigid connection option.
Evaluating video‐based lectures on YouTube for dental education
Authors: Gross Ryan T. , Ghaltakhchyan Nare , Nanney Eleanor M. , Jackson Tate H. , Wiesen Christopher A. , Mihas Paul , Persky Adam M. , Frazier‐Bowers Sylvia A. , Jacox Laura A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesMultimedia presentations and online platforms are used in dental education. Though studies indicate the benefits of video‐based lectures (VBLs), data regarding user reception and optimal video features in dental education are limited, particularly on Web 2.0 platforms like YouTube. Given increasing technology integration and remote learning, dental educators need evidence to guide implementation of YouTube videos as a freely available resource. The purpose of this study is to determine video metrics, viewership and format efficacy for dental education videos.MethodsFirst, a cross‐sectional survey was conducted of viewers (N = 683) of the Mental Dental educational videos on YouTube. Analytics were evaluated for 677 200 viewers to assess audience demographics, retention and optimal video length. Second, a randomized crossover study was conducted of dental students (N = 101) who watched VBLs in either slideshow or pencast formats and were tested on content learning to compare format efficacy.ResultsMost viewers of Mental Dental videos were dental students (44.2%) and professionals (37.8%) who would likely recommend the platform to a friend or colleague (Net Promoter Score = 82.1). Audience retention declined steadily at 1.34% per minute, independent of video length. Quiz performance did not differ between slideshow and pencast videos, with students having a slight preference for slideshows (P = 0.049).ConclusionsDental students and professionals use VBLs and are likely to recommend them to friends and colleagues. There is no optimal video length to maximize audience retention and lecture format (slideshow vs. pencast) does not significantly impact content learning. Results can guide implementation of VBLs in dental curricula.
Piezo1 mediates the degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix in malocclusion‐induced TMJOA
Authors: Feng Xu , Li Siwen , Wang Shuangshuang , Meng Yuan , Zheng Shize , Liu Cangwei , Chang Bei , Shi Ce , Sun Hongchen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the role of Piezo1 in the malocclusion‐induced osteoarthritic cartilage of the temporomandibular joint.MethodsA temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis model was established using a unilateral anterior crossbite in vivo, and cartilage degeneration and Piezo1 expression were observed by histological and immunohistochemical staining. ATDC5 cells were loaded with 24 dyn/cm2 fluid flow shear stress using the Flexcell device in vitro and expression and function of Piezo1 were evaluated. After identifying the function of Piezo1 in YAP translocation under FFSS conditions, the influence of Piezo1 and YAP on metabolism‐related enzymes under FFSS was detected through a real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blotting. A UAC‐TMJ injection model was established to observe the therapeutic effect of intra‐articular injection of a Piezo1 inhibitor on osteoarthritic cartilage matrix loss.ResultsPiezo1 was overexpressed in the osteoarthritic cartilage and cultured chondrocytes under shear stress. Piezo1 Silencing inhibited the nuclear translocation of YAP and subsequently downregulated the expression of MMP13 and ADAMTS5. Intra‐articular injection of the Piezo1 inhibitor, GsMTx4, could ameliorate proteoglycan degradation in malocclusion‐induced TMJOA and suppressed MMP13 and ADAMTS5 expression.ConclusionsOur results revealed that the activation of Piezo1 promotes mechanical‐induced cartilage degradation through the YAP‐MMP13/ADAMTS5 signaling pathway.
Dual‐focus contact lenses for myopia control modify central retinal electrophysiology in humans
Authors: Turnbull Philip R. K. , Goodman Lucy K. , Phillips John R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionDual‐focus contact lenses create two focal planes, one providing a clear retinal image while the other imposes myopic defocus on the retina to slow myopia progression. This study used global‐flash multifocal electroretinogram (gmfERG) response amplitudes to compare central versus peripheral retinal responses under dual‐focus conditions and to assess the optimal degree of myopic defocus compared with a single‐vision control lens.MethodsTwenty participants each underwent three gmfERG trials, wearing a spectacle correction over dual‐focus contact lenses with plano central power and peripheral secondary focal powers of either +2.00D, +4.00D or a plano single‐vision lens. We compared amplitudes and latencies of the gmfERG direct and induced components (DC and IC) within participants, between the three different contact lens powers and at different retinal eccentricities (gmfERG ring).ResultsWe observed significant differences in the gmfERG responses between the single‐vision and dual‐focus contact lenses. Overall, DC amplitudes peaked between zero and +2.00D secondary power, while IC amplitudes were maximal between +2.00D and +4.00D. Compared with the single‐vision control, the greatest increase in DC and IC amplitudes while wearing dual‐focus lenses occurred within the central 10° of the retina. There was no interaction effect between gmfERG ring (eccentricity) and secondary power, and no difference in the latency of the gmfERG responses between different powers.ConclusionWe found that dual‐focus contact lenses with a +2.00D secondary power are close to that expected to induce the greatest increase in gmfERG responses relative to a single‐vision lens. Dual‐focus lenses produced the highest DC and IC response amplitudes relative to a single‐vision lens in the central 10° of the retina. This suggests that dual‐focus contact lenses slow myopia progression by modifying central rather than peripheral retinal activity.
Catching up withAI: Pushing toward a cohesive governance framework
Authors: Robles Pedro , Mallinson Daniel J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) contributes to public administration by augmenting public services, including managing big data and information technology. AI is currently utilized in e‐government services that contribute value to American citizens, including providing a personalized customer experience, such as linking individualized data and processing individual assistance requests. Furthermore, AI can take over redundant routine tasks such as digital information provisioning and delivering services. However, in the United States, there is no overarching policy that governs AI. Inconsistent public policy contributes to public distrust of AI, concerns about privacy intrusion, and fears of inequitable service delivery. This review article discusses the rapid emergence of government applications of AI and provides a systematic review of proposed AI governance models. It then outlines their common components for the purpose of building a coherent, yet adaptable, AI Governance Framework and proposes a research agenda for policy and administration researchers.Related ArticlesGlen, Carol M. 2014. “Internet Governance: Territorializing Cyberspace?”Politics & Policy42(5): 635–57.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12093.Glen, Carol M. 2021. “Norm Entrepreneurship in Global Cybersecurity.”Politics & Policy49(5): 1121–45.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12430.Zeng, Jinghan, Tim Stevens, and Yaru Chen. 2017. “China's Solution to Global Cyber Governance: Unpacking the Domestic Discourse of ‘Internet Sovereignty.’”Politics & Policy45(3): 432–64.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12202.
President Donald Trump's Abraham Accords initiative: Prospects for Israel, the Arab states, and Palestinians
Authors: Lazin Fred A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFocusing on recent U.S. policy developments toward the Middle East, this commentary examines the potential influence of the Abraham Accords' agreements on politics in the region, the resolution of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and the future of Israel as a democratic and Jewish state. It is based on a review of media coverage of the accords. It begins with a brief history of President Donald Trump's earlier Middle East policies involving Jerusalem, the West Bank, and the “Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action” limiting Iran's access to nuclear weapons. I then examine the development of the Abraham Accords under the direction of Jared Kushner. This is followed by an analysis of the potential consequences of the Accords on relations between Israel and the Arab states including Saudi Arabia, on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and on the potential policy implications for the Palestinians. I close with a comment on the future sustainability of Israel as a Jewish and democratic political entity.Related ArticlesFriedlander, Melvin A. 1988. “Jimmy Carter's Fascination with the Middle East.” Politics & Policy (formerly, Southeastern Political Review) 16(1): 205–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.1988.tb00251.x.Jouini, Nizar, and Manel Ben Akal. 2022. “Political Consensus, Economic Reforms, and Democratic Transitions in the Middle East: Evidence from Voting on Tunisian Reform Bills.” Politics & Policy 50(4): 851–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12489.Sarquís, David J. 2012. “Democratization after the Arab Spring: The Case of Egypt's Political Transition.” Politics & Policy 40(5): 871–903. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00381.x.
Behaviorally segmented audiences for managing sunscreen chemical pollution risk in protected coastal natural resource areas
Authors: Akerlof K. L. , Loevenich Jacqueline , Melena Sara , Lipsky Christine A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis audience segmentation of visitors at coastal parks in Hawaii and North Carolina addresses an emergent natural resource management concern and risk to aquatic ecosystems: sunscreen chemical pollution. Four audiences were identified that correspond to different behavioral profiles: sunscreen protection tourists, multimodal sun protection tourists, in‐state frequent park visitors, and frequent beachgoers who skip sunscreen. The second‐largest audience, sunscreen protection tourists, represents 29% of visitors at Cape Lookout National Seashore and 25% at Kaloko‐Honokōhau National Historical Park. This group ranks of most concern for chemical pollution because they use sunscreen, but not typically mineral formulations or other methods such as protective clothing, and they have lower levels of sunscreen chemical issue awareness. The identification of similar audience segments across regions with differing cultural characteristics and sunscreen regulation status suggests the robustness of the model and its indicator variables, with implications for both environmental protection and public health. Further, coastal visitors’ interest in enacting pro‐environmental sun protection behaviors during their next park or beach visit indicates the potential for natural resource managers to holistically address risks in both domains through targeted interventions with audiences of most concern.
Pre‐operative neoadjuvant vinblastine‐prednisolone in canine mast cell tumours: A single‐centre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ossowska Małgorzata , Picornell Jose Alvarez , Finotello Riccardo , Amores‐Fuster Isabel , Tanis Jean‐Benoit 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNeoadjuvant chemotherapy can be used in canine mast cell tumours (MCTs) to optimise surgical margins or to enable marginal excision in challenging locations. The objective of this study was to describe the outcome of dogs with cutaneous and subcutaneous MCTs treated with neoadjuvant vinblastine‐prednisolone (NA‐VP). Records of treatment‐naïve dogs with cutaneous/subcutaneous MCT that received NA‐VP were reviewed including signalment, indication for NA‐VP, staging results, clinical response, surgical data and histopathology reports. For dogs with post‐operative follow‐up ≥365 days, predictive factors for local recurrence (LR) were evaluated. Forty‐four dogs were included. NA‐VP was indicated to optimise surgical margins (group MARG) in 19 dogs (43.2%) and to enable surgery (group MORB) in 25 dogs (56.8%). Complete and partial response were documented in 40.9% of dogs and 30 dogs (68.2%) underwent surgery. The indication for NA‐VP was significantly associated with undergoing surgery (p < .001) on multivariable analysis. Twelve (48%) and 18 dogs (94.7%) underwent surgery in the group MORB and MARG, respectively. Five dogs (16.7%) experienced wound dehiscence. Complete excision was achieved in 14 dogs (46.7%). In dogs undergoing surgery with ≥365 days of follow‐up, LR was documented in five cases (20.8%). None of the factors analysed including mitotic count, completeness of excision and response to NA‐VP were associated with LR; notably, LR occurred in 3/11 (27.2%) completely excised MCTs. In a pre‐operative setting, NA‐VP appears safe and could be beneficial in selected cases. Prognostic factors such as clinical response, mitotic count and completeness of excision should be interpreted with caution following NA‐VP.
A collagen‐based layered chronic wound biofilm model for testing antimicrobial wound products
Authors: Thaarup Ida C. , Lichtenberg Mads , Nørgaard Kim T. H. , Xu Yijuan , Lorenzen Jan , Thomsen Trine R. , Bjarnsholt Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA new in vitro chronic wound biofilm model was recently published, which provided a layered scaffold simulating mammalian tissue composition on which topical wound care products could be tested. In this paper, we updated the model even further to mimic the dynamic influx of nutrients from below as is the case in a chronic wound. The modified in vitro model was created using collagen instead of agar as the main matrix component and contained both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The model was cast in transwell inserts and then placed in wound simulating media, which allowed for an exchange of nutrients and waste products across a filter. Three potential wound care products and chlorhexidine digluconate 2% solution as a positive control were used to evaluate the model. The tested products were composed of hydrogels made from completely biodegradable starch microspheres carrying different active compounds. The compounds were applied topically and left for 2–4 days. Profiles of oxygen concentration and pH were measured to assess the effect of treatments on bacterial activity. Confocal microscope images were obtained of the models to visualise the existence of microcolonies. Results showed that the modified in vitro model maintained a stable number of the two bacterial species over 6 days. In untreated models, steep oxygen gradients developed and pH increased to >8.0. Hydrogels containing active compounds alleviated the high oxygen consumption and decreased pH drastically. Moreover, all three hydrogels reduced the colony forming units significantly and to a larger extent than the chlorhexidine control treatment. Overall, the modified model expressed several characteristics similar to in vivo chronic wounds.
Effect of a prophylactic dressing for sacral pressure injuries in non‐critically ill patients after general surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yeo Hyunjung , Hwang Jihyeon , Lee Miju , No Dayeong , Jang Insil 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHospital‐acquired pressure injuries are strongly associated with surgeries performed under general anesthesia.AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using a prophylactic multi‐layer soft silicone foam dressing in non‐critically ill patients with a Braden Scale score of ≤18 after undergoing routine surgery without sacral pressure injuries.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial included 156 patients who were admitted for surgery under general anesthesia in a tertiary general hospital. The patients were divided into a control group and an intervention group. A 5‐layer soft silicone foam dressing was applied to the sacrum of patients in the intervention group immediately after surgery. For the control group, standard pressure injury prevention activities were performed alongside standard care without preventive dressings.ResultsThere were no significant differences in general and clinical characteristics between the two groups; however, the incidence of pressure injury and blanching erythema was higher in the control group, showing a significant difference from the experimental group. Factors influencing the development of pressure injuries and blanching erythema through multivariate regression analysis were prophylactic dressing application and Braden Scale score at the time of admission. A statistically significant difference was noted in survival time from pressure injury between both groups.Linking Evidence to ActionThe incidence of pressure injuries and blanching erythema was lower when the prophylactic dressing was applied with standard protocol for general ward patients after surgery. Accurate evaluation of the patient's skin condition and pressure injury risk assessment before surgery are important. Progressive prophylactic dressings to prevent pressure injuries are effective, and tailored nursing interventions based on accurate assessment of patient's skin condition and risk factors are essential for maintaining skin integrity.