bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fruiting phenology matters
Authors: Mendes Sara Beatriz , Olesen Jens M. , Timóteo Sérgio , Heleno Ruben 
Published: February 2023

Social Impact StatementIn the face of the unprecedented rate of climate change, understanding whether plant species can track favourable climatic conditions is an urgent challenge. Recent independent studies suggest that the timing of fruiting (fruiting phenology) can strongly affect future vegetation dynamics and composition via direct seed dispersal. With comprehensive datasets on fruiting phenology, researchers may predict the impact of climate on the future of forests. Nevertheless, long‐term, broad‐scale, and taxonomically comprehensive datasets of fruiting phenology are still lacking, leaving us unprepared to understand the consequences of climate change on entire floras. We urge stronger collaboration networks to assemble broader, longer, and more comprehensive fruiting phenology datasets.SummaryClimate change is altering species phenology but still with underrated consequences to their ecology and conservation. For example, the production of ripe fruits and the dispersal of their seeds by frugivores are likely critical for their ability to track suitable growing conditions under global warming. Specifically, recent independent studies suggested that migrant birds and mammals are important to facilitate plant spread towards higher (i.e., cooler) latitudes and higher elevations. Interestingly, these studies coincide that spring‐fruiting species will likely be particularly favoured, whereas autumn‐fruiting species might be largely dispersed to undesirable (i.e., even hotter) areas. These studies show that the timing of fruit production can have a critical impact on future forest composition as plant communities adapt to warmer, more extreme, and unpredictable climates. Unfortunately, comprehensive datasets on fruiting times are very scarce and often temporary, spatially, and taxonomically restricted (particularly when compared with flowering datasets), strongly hampering our capacity to predict the real impact of climate change on long‐term vegetation dynamics. Thus, we advocate for an urgent need for long‐term, broad‐scale, and taxonomically comprehensive datasets of fruiting phenology, and we point out some potential concrete steps towards this goal.
An analysis of the perceived societal benefits of and threats from trees for the delivery of livelihoods and community development
Authors: Tsvuura Susan , Mudhara Maxwell , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe 
Published: February 2023

Societal Impact StatementUnderstanding the perceptions of benefits and threats from trees is important for the livelihoods of communities. The study used focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and a questionnaire survey of 226 households in the province of KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa. The findings showed that household socio‐economic factors such as gender and land tenure influenced perceptions of tree growing, and households that were involved in a tree restoration project viewed trees as contributing toward their livelihoods by reducing hunger. Hence there is a need to design strategies that promote socio‐economic inclusivity of all households and genders and promote programs that increase awareness of ecosystem services within communities.Summary

Understanding the socio‐economic factors that shape the way households value and utilize natural resources is critical in developing nature‐based solutions. The study was aimed at understanding how the socio‐economic circumstances of households determined their perceptions of the role of trees in livelihood delivery.
A case study of Buffelsdraai and Osindisweni communities was used; these sites are adjacent to a municipal landfill where a tree restoration project intended to mitigate the effects of climate change is being implemented, and some of the households are involved in this project. The study used focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and a questionnaire survey of 226 households. It explored gender perspectives on the perceived benefits and threats of tree restoration. It analyzed the influence of households' economic characteristics and spatial configuration (the subdivisions of the landscape) to assess the impact of land tenure.
The findings showed that gender influenced the perceptions that economic benefits can be derived from participating in the project. Households involved in the tree restoration project viewed trees as contributing to their livelihoods by reducing hunger. Households in peri‐urban settlements, permanently resident in the area, showed greater reliance on natural resources than those in informal settlements and rural areas. Such differences can be attributed to differences in land tenure.
Hence, there is a need to design strategies and operations that promote socio‐economic inclusivity of all households and genders and reduce inequality. These findings are important for informing scaling to yield better climate change considerations and policies.
Detection of intraductal carcinoma in prostate cancer patients with small tumor volume
Authors: Takeshita Nobushige , Sakamoto Shinichi , Yamada Yasutaka , Sazuka Tomokazu , Imamura Yusuke , Komiya Akira , Akakura Koichiro , Sato Nobuo , Nakatsu Hiroomi , Kato Takuma , Sugimoto Mikio , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Ichikawa Tomohiko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (intraductal carcinoma) and significant cancer (SC) in patients with small tumor volume (<0.5 cm3) in prostatectomy specimens.MethodsData from 639 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy between April 2006 and December 2017 at Chiba University Hospital and 2 affiliated institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Tumor volume in prostatectomy specimens was measured, and with a tumor volume of less than 0.5 cm3, the presence of intraductal carcinoma and SC was examined. SC was defined as one that did not meet the definition of pathological insignificant cancer (organ‐confined cancer, Grade Group 1, tumor volume < 0.5 cm3). The number of patients who met four active surveillance (AS) protocols was also examined.ResultsA total of 83 patients with tumor volume < 0.5 cm3 were identified in this study population (SC: 43 patients [52%], intraductal carcinoma: 5 patients [6%]). The median follow‐up was 34.6 months (range: 18–57 months). Four (5%) developed biochemical recurrence. The number of positive biopsy cores ≥ 2 was an independent predictor of SC in patients with tumor volume < 0.5 cm3 (hazard ratio: 4.39; 95% confidence interval: 1.67–11.56; p = 0.003). In tumor volume < 0.5 cm3, tumor volume was significantly correlated with the International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group (1 vs. 4–5, p = 0.002) and the presence of intraductal carcinoma (p = 0.004). In intraductal carcinoma‐positive cases, four of five patients (80%) had the predictor of SC, which was two or more positive biopsy cores. Of the four AS protocols, the criteria for Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance were met most frequently in 46 cases (55%) of tumor volume less than 0.5 cm3 if targeted biopsy by magnetic resonance imaging was available.ConclusionThe results of the present study suggest that intraductal carcinoma was present even in cases with small tumor volumes. Grade Group and intraductal carcinoma showed a positive correlation with tumor volume.
Implantable Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self‐Powered Cardiovascular Healthcare
Authors: Che Ziyuan , O'Donovan Sarah , Xiao Xiao , Wan Xiao , Chen Guorui , Zhao Xun , Zhou Yihao , Yin Junyi , Chen Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have gained significant traction in recent years in the bioengineering community. With the potential for expansive applications for biomedical use, many individuals and research groups have furthered their studies on the topic, in order to gain an understanding of how TENGs can contribute to healthcare. More specifically, there have been a number of recent studies focusing on implantable triboelectric nanogenerators (I‐TENGs) toward self‐powered cardiac systems healthcare. In this review, the progression of implantable TENGs for self‐powered cardiovascular healthcare, including self‐powered cardiac monitoring devices, self‐powered therapeutic devices, and power sources for cardiac pacemakers, will be systematically reviewed. Long‐term expectations of these implantable TENG devices through their biocompatibility and other utilization strategies will also be discussed.
Failure mechanisms of TWCFS members considering various eccentricities
Authors: Ungureanu Viorel , Kotełko Maria , Bodea Florin , Both Ioan , Czechowski Leszek 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThin‐walled cold‐formed steel elements represent an attractive structural solution due to the fast manufacturing and erection time on‐site. Their small thickness leads to imperfection and sensitivities to eccentricities. An experimental programme was performed on short members with lipped channel cross section, subjected to eccentric compression about the minor and major axes, in a large range of eccentricities. The specimens were manufactured on a folding machine. Before testing, the dimensions of all specimens were measured. Shortening of all specimens was measured in two ways, i.e., 1) using the displacement gauge integrated with the machine crosshead beam and 2) from deformation fields obtained using digital image correlation (DIC) system. The quantitative results, presented as the ultimate loads versus the eccentricity curve, emphasise the influence of the eccentric load on the capacity of the element. Finite element (FE) analyses were performed to simulate the behaviour of short members in eccentric compression using the commercial FE software ABAQUS/CAE and ANSYS. Static non‐linear analyses were conducted in displacement control. Both geometrical and material nonlinearities were included. An isotropic linearly elastic‐perfectly plastic constitutive model was considered, with von Mises yielding the criterion and associated flow rule. Failure modes were identified due to numerical and experimental tests. Plastic mechanism models were derived, resulting in the derivation of post‐ultimate, rigid‐plastic curves, characterising a post‐ultimate structural behaviour.
Patch loading resistance of slender plate girders with multiple longitudinal stiffeners
Authors: Kövesdi Balázs , Dunai László 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is currently no reliable and simple design method available in international literature for the determination of the patch loading resistance of slender plate girders having multiple longitudinal stiffeners. The current research focuses on the patch loading resistance of girders having multiple longitudinal stiffeners. An advanced numerical model is developed and verified by own laboratory test results. A numerical parametric study is executed to investigate the load‐carrying capacity of girders having typical bridge geometries. Analysing the numerical simulation results, the structural behaviour obtained is classified based on the stiffener stiffness. Effect of the different geometrical parameters on the patch loading resistance is evaluated with special focus on the stiffener stiffness and distance between the longitudinal stiffeners. The failure modes depending on stiffener stiffness are investigated and the local buckling type failure is characterised by minimum stiffness. For this specific failure mode, an improved design method is developed, giving reliable resistance within the analysed parameter range. The presented resistance model is consistent with the design philosophy of EN 1993‐1‐5. The applicability of the improved design equation has been investigated for multiple stiffener places in unequal distances, which is the common case in praxis, and for bending and transverse force (M–F) interaction.
C−F Transformations of Benzotrifluorides by the Activation of Ortho‐Hydrosilyl Group
Authors: Yoshida Suguru 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle C−F transformations of aromatic trifluoromethyl compounds are challenging issues due to the strong C−F bond. We have recently developed selective methods for single C−F transformations such as allylation of o‐hydrosilyl‐substituted benzotrifluorides through the hydride abstraction with trityl cations. Single C−F thiolation and azidation of o‐(hydrosilyl)benzotrifluorides were achieved using trityl sulfides and trityl azide catalyzed by Yb(OTf)3. Treatment of o‐(hydrosilyl)benzotrifluorides with trityl chloride resulted in single C−F chlorination. The resulting fluorosilyl group served in further transformations including protonation, halogenation, and Hiyama cross‐coupling with C−Si cleavage. We also synthesized benzyl fluorides by LiAlH4‐reduction of the resulting fluorosilanes and further C−F transformations. These methods enabled us to prepare a broad range of organofluorines from simple benzotrifluorides through C−F and C−Si transformations.
Entropy generation and thermal analyses of a Cross fluid flow through an inclined microchannel with non‐linear mixed convection
Authors: Srinivas Reddy Cherlacola , Mahanthesh Basavarajappa , Rana Puneet , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe temperature difference of the various applications such as microchannel heat exchangers, microelectronics, solar collectors, automotive systems, micro fuel cells, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is relatively large. The buoyancy force (mixed convection) modeled by the conventional Boussinesq approximation is inadequate since the density of the operating fluids fluctuates non‐linearly with the temperature difference. Therefore, the mixed non‐linear convective transport of the flow of Cross fluid through three different geometric aspects (horizontal, vertical, and inclined) of the microchannel under the non‐linear Boussinesq (NBA) approximation is investigated. Mechanisms of internal heat source, Rosseland radiative heat flux, and frictional heating are incorporated into the thermal analysis. The mathematical construction is proposed using the Cross fluid model for a steady‐state, and subsequent non‐linear differential equations are deciphered by the spectral quasi‐linearization method (SQLM). Graphical sketches were constructed and displayed that explore the stimulus of various key parameters on Bejan number, velocity, temperature, and entropy generation. It is found that the Bejan number and entropy production improved due to the non‐linear density temperature variation. The convective heating boundary conditions augment the entropy production. The pressure gradient accelerates the transport of fluid in a microchannel. Furthermore, among three different geometries, the velocity, entropy production, and temperature are the highest for the vertical microchannel.
Anomalous and axial Z′ contributions to g−2
Authors: Anastasopoulos Pascal , Kaneta Kunio , Kiritsis Elias , Mambrini Yann 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study the effects of an anomalous Z′ boson on the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (g – 2), and especially the impact of its axial coupling. We mainly evaluate the negative contribution to (g – 2) of such couplings at one-loop and look at the anomalous couplings generated at two loops. We find areas of the parameter space, where the anomalous contribution becomes comparable and even dominant compared to the one-loop contribution. We show that in such cases, the cutoff of the theory is sufficiently low, so that new charged fermions can be found in the next round of collider experiments. We comment on the realization of such a context in string theory orientifolds.
On sum rules for double and triple parton distribution functions and Pythia’s model of multiple parton interactions
Authors: Fedkevych Oleh , Gaunt Jonathan R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multi-parton distributions in a proton, the nonperturbative quantities needed to make predictions for multiple scattering rates, are poorly constrained from theory and data and must be modelled. All Monte Carlo event generators that simulate multiple parton interactions (e.g. Pythia) contain such a model of multi-parton PDFs. One important theoretical constraint for the case of double parton distributions is provided by the so-called number and momentum sum rules. In this paper we investigate to what extent the double parton distribution functions used in the Pythia event generator obey these sum rules. We also derive the number and momentum sum rules for the triple parton distribution functions and discuss how one can use the Pythia code to construct triple parton distribution functions which approximately satisfy these sum rules.
Boosted displaced decay of right-handed neutrinos at CMS, ATLAS and MATHUSLA
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Priyotosh , Chun Eung Jin , Sen Chandrima 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We investigate boosted displaced signatures in the Type-I seesaw mechanism associated with the B − L gauge symmetry. Such events arise from decays of right-handed neutrinos depending on their Yukawa couplings and masses. Considering two scenarios: (a) three degenerate right-handed neutrinos whose Yukawa couplings are reconstructed from the observed neutrino masses and mixing; (b) only one right-handed neutrino which decouples from the observed neutrino mass generation and thus its coupling can be arbitrarily small, a detailed PYTHIA based simulation is performed to determine the parameter regions of the B − L gauge boson mass, the neutrino Yukawa couplings, and the right-handed neutrino mass sensitive to CMS, ATLAS, proposed FCC-hh detector and MATHUSLA at the centre of mass energies of 14, 27 and 100 TeV via displaced signatures. We also show in detail how the boost effect enhances the displaced decay lengths, especially for the longitudinal ones, and hinders the probe of Majorana nature of neutrinos.
Scattering amplitudes and N-body post-Minkowskian Hamiltonians in general relativity and beyond
Authors: Jones Callum R. T. , Solon Mikhail 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a general framework for calculating post-Minskowskian, classical, conservative Hamiltonians for N non-spinning bodies in general relativity from relativistic scattering amplitudes. Novel features for N > 2 are described including the subtraction of tree-like iteration contributions and the calculation of non-trivial many-body Fourier transform integrals needed to construct position space potentials. A new approach to calculating these integrals as an expansion in the hierarchical limit is described based on the method of regions. As an explicit example, we present the $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(G2) 3-body momentum space potential in general relativity as well as for charged bodies in Einstein-Maxwell. The result is shown to be in perfect agreement with previous post-Newtonian calculations in general relativity up to $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(G2v4). Furthermore, in appropriate limits the result is shown to agree perfectly with relativistic probe scattering in multi-center extremal black hole backgrounds and with the scattering of slowly-moving extremal black holes in the moduli space approximation.
Co-dependent regulation of p-BRAF and potassium channel KCNMA1 levels drives glioma progression
Authors: Xie Shanshan , Xu Chengyan , Wu Cheng , Lou Yuhan , Duan Jingwei , Sang Rong , Lou Ziwei , Hou Jiaru , Ge Wanzhong , Xi Yongmei , Yang Xiaohang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBRAF mutations have been found in gliomas which exhibit abnormal electrophysiological activities, implying their potential links with the ion channel functions. In this study, we identified the Drosophila potassium channel, Slowpoke (Slo), the ortholog of human KCNMA1, as a critical factor involved in dRafGOF glioma progression. Slo was upregulated in dRafGOF glioma. Knockdown of slo led to decreases in dRafGOF levels, glioma cell proliferation, and tumor-related phenotypes. Overexpression of slo in glial cells elevated dRaf expression and promoted cell proliferation. Similar mutual regulations of p-BRAF and KCNMA1 levels were then recapitulated in human glioma cells with the BRAF mutation. Elevated p-BRAF and KCNMA1 were also observed in HEK293T cells upon the treatment of 20 mM KCl, which causes membrane depolarization. Knockdown KCNMA1 in these cells led to a further decrease in cell viability. Based on these results, we conclude that the levels of p-BRAF and KCNMA1 are co-dependent and mutually regulated. We propose that, in depolarized glioma cells with BRAF mutations, high KCNMA1 levels act to repolarize membrane potential and facilitate cell growth. Our study provides a new strategy to antagonize the progression of gliomas as induced by BRAF mutations.
The Differentiability of Horizons Along Their Generators
Authors: Szeghy D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLet H be a (past directed) horizon in a time-oriented Lorentz manifold and $$\gamma :[\left( \alpha ,\beta \right) \rightarrow H$$

γ
:
[

α
,
β

→
H

a past directed generator of the horizon, where $$[\left( \alpha ,\beta \right) $$

[

α
,
β

is $$[\alpha ,\beta )$$

[
α
,
β
)

or $$\left( \alpha ,\beta \right) $$

α
,
β

. It is proved that either at every point of $$\gamma \left( t\right) ,~t\in \left( \alpha ,\beta \right) $$

γ

t

,

t
∈

α
,
β

the differentiability order of H is the same, or there is a so-called differentiability jumping point $$\gamma \left( t_{0}\right) ,~t_{0}\in \left( \alpha ,\beta \right) $$

γ

t
0

,

t
0

∈

α
,
β

such that H is only differentiable at every point $$\gamma \left( t\right) ,~t\in \left( \alpha ,t_{0}\right) $$

γ

t

,

t
∈

α
,

t
0

but not of class $$C^{1}$$

C
1

and H is exactly of class $$C^{1}$$

C
1

at every point $$\gamma \left( t\right) ,~t\in \left( t_{0},\beta \right) $$

γ

t

,

t
∈

t
0

,
β

. We will use in the proof a result which shows that every mathematical horizon in the sense of P. T. Chruściel locally coincides with a Cauchy horizon.