bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to fail in advertising: The potential of marketing theory to predict the community-level selection of defended prey
Authors: Burdfield-Steel Emily , Burdfield Claire 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Economics and ecology both present us with a key challenge: scaling up from individual behaviour to community-level effects. As a result, biologists have frequently utilized theories and frameworks from economics in their attempt to better understand animal behaviour. In the study of predator–prey interactions, we face a particularly difficult task—understanding how predator choices and strategies will impact the ecology and evolution not just of individual prey species, but whole communities. However, a similar challenge has been encountered, and largely solved, in Marketing, which has created frameworks that successfully predict human consumer behaviour at the community level. We argue that by applying these frameworks to non-human consumers, we can leverage this predictive power to understand the behaviour of these key ecological actors in shaping the communities they act upon. We here use predator–prey interactions, as a case study, to demonstrate and discuss the potential of marketing and human-consumer theory in helping us bridge the gap from laboratory experiments to complex community dynamics.
Abstract
We can use marketing frameworks to predict how predator decisions will shape the evolution and co-existence of prey species.
Brown trout (Salmo trutta L. 1758) and Arctic charr [Salvelinus alpinus (L. 1758)] display different marine behaviour and feeding strategies in sympatry
Authors: Davidsen Jan Grimsrud , Halvorsen Andrine Emilie , Eldøy Sindre Håvarstein , Thorstad Eva Bonsak , Vøllestad Leif Asbjørn 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBrown trout (Salmo trutta L. 1758) and Arctic charr [Salvelinus alpinus (L. 1758)] tagged with acoustic transmitters migrated from fresh water to the sea mainly in May and June, but with large individual variation in migration timing. For S. trutta, large individuals (42–86 cm total length) migrated earlier in the season than small individuals (18–27 cm). For S. alpinus, no such pattern was found, likely because of the small size range of tagged fish (28–41 cm). S. trutta stayed longer at sea than S. alpinus (average 2 vs. 1 month). Early migrants of S. trutta stayed for a shorter period at sea than late migrants, whereas no such pattern was observed for S. alpinus. Large S. trutta moved quickly away from the river and spent average 3 days to reach a receiver line 20 km from the river mouth, whereas small S. trutta and S. alpinus migrating that far spent 2–3 weeks on the same distance. S. trutta utilized the entire fjord system and had a greater proportion of long‐distance migrants (>20 km, 78% and 59% of large and small S. trutta, respectively) than S. alpinus (29%). S. alpinus mostly stayed in the inner fjord areas, and none were recorded in the outermost part of the fjord. The difference in the use of marine areas may be caused by variation in prey choice and spatial distribution of the preferred prey groups. Stable isotope analysis showed that S. trutta had been feeding at a higher trophic level than S. alpinus. S. trutta had mainly fed on marine fish and shrimps, whereas S. alpinus had large proportions of freshwater invertebrates in the diet, suggesting that the estuary with benthos and amphipods drifting from the river was an important feeding habitat for S. alpinus. In conclusion, major differences in habitat use, migration patterns and feeding strategies were found between sympatric anadromous S. trutta and S. alpinus while at sea.
Competition and Bank Payout Policy
Authors: DE CESARI AMEDEO , GILDER DUDLEY , HUANG WINIFRED , ONALI ENRICO 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLeveraging branch‐level data on bank deposits, we provide evidence of a negative impact of branching restrictions on payout ratios, which occurs only for banks with a low charter value, as proxied by the market‐to‐book ratio. The results for the market‐to‐book ratio extend to the Lerner index, the return on assets, and the Z‐score, suggesting that risk‐shifting incentives drive our results rather than signaling incentives or agency costs. Our results are robust to different proxies for banking competition and identification strategies, and bootstrap simulations suggest that our results are not due to confounding factors.
Brain growth in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Machado‐Rivas Fedel , Choi Jungwhan J. , Alejandra Bedoya Maria , Acosta Buitrago Lina , Velasco‐Annis Clemente , Afacan Onur , Barnewolt Carol , Estroff Judy , Warfield Simon K. , Gholipour Ali , Jaimes Camilo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeTo perform a volumetric evaluation of the brain in fetuses with right or left congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), and to compare brain growth trajectories to normal fetuses.MethodsWe identified fetal MRIs performed between 2015 and 2020 in fetuses with a diagnosis of CDH. Gestational age (GA) range was 19‐40 weeks. Control subjects consisted of normally developing fetuses between 19 and 40 weeks recruited for a separate prospective study. All images were acquired at 3 Tesla and were processed with retrospective motion correction and slice‐to‐volume reconstruction to generate super‐resolution 3‐dimensional volumes. These volumes were registered to a common atlas space and segmented in 29 anatomic parcellations.ResultsA total of 174 fetal MRIs in 149 fetuses were analyzed (99 controls [mean GA: 29.2 ± 5.2 weeks], 34 fetuses left‐sided CDH [mean GA: 28.4 ± 5.3 weeks], and 16 fetuses right‐sided CDH [mean GA: 27 ± 5.4 weeks]). In fetuses with left‐sided CDH, brain parenchymal volume was –8.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] [–13.1, –2.5]; p = .005) lower than normal controls. Differences ranged from –11.4% (95% CI [–18, –4.3]; p < .001) in the corpus callosum to –4.6% (95% CI [–8.9, –0.1]; p = .044) in the hippocampus. In fetuses with right‐sided CDH, brain parenchymal volume was –10.1% (95% CI [–16.8, –2.7]; p = .008) lower than controls. Differences ranged from –14.1% (95% CI [–21, –6.5]; p < .001) in the ventricular zone to –5.6% (95% CI [–9.3, –1.8]; p = .025) in the brainstem.ConclusionLeft and right CDH are associated with lower fetal brain volumes.
Branched‐chain amino acids and sleep: a population‐derived study of Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents
Authors: Matricciani Lisa , Dumuid Dorothea , Paquet Catherine , Lushington Kurt , Olds Tim 
Published: February 2023

SummaryMicronutrients, particularly amino acids, are thought to play an important role in sleep regulation and maintenance. While tryptophan is a known predictor of sleep, less is known about branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs), which compete with tryptophan for transport across the blood–brain barrier. The aim of this study was to determine the association between BCAAs and actigraphy‐derived sleep duration, timing and efficiency, and self‐reported trouble sleeping. This study examined data on children and adults collected as part of the Child Health CheckPoint study. Linear mixed models, adjusted for geographic clustering, were used to determine the association between BCAAs and sleep characteristics. Complete‐case analysis was conducted for 741 children aged 11–12 years old (51% females) and 941parents (87% mothers). While BCAAs were significantly associated with children's sleep duration, timing and self‐reported trouble sleeping, no associations were observed in adults, in fully adjusted models. In children, higher levels of BCAAs are associated with shorter sleep duration, delayed sleep timing, and more frequent reports of trouble sleeping.
Genomics reveals the role of admixture in the evolution of structure among sperm whale populations within the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Violi Biagio , de Jong Menno J. , Frantzis Alexandros , Alexiadou Paraskevi , Tardy Céline , Ody Denis , de Stephanis Renaud , Giménez Joan , Lucifora Giuseppe , e Silva Mónica A. , Oliveira Cláudia , Alves Filipe , Dinis Ana , Tejedor Marisa , Fernández Antonio , Arregui Marina , Arbelo Manuel , Lopez Alfredo , Covelo Pablo , Hoelzel A. Rus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn oceanic ecosystems, the nature of barriers to gene flow and the processes by which populations may become isolated are different from the terrestrial environment, and less well understood. In this study we investigate a highly mobile species (the sperm whale,Physeter macrocephalus) that is genetically differentiated between an open North Atlantic population and the populations in the Mediterranean Sea. We apply high‐resolution single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis to study the nature of barriers to gene flow in this system, assessing the putative boundary into the Mediterranean (Strait of Gibraltar and Alboran Sea region), and including novel analyses on structuring among sperm whale populations within the Mediterranean basin. Our data support a recent founding of the Mediterranean population, around the time of the last glacial maximum, and show concerted historical demographic profiles in both the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. In each region there is evidence for a population decline around the time of the founder event. The largest decline was seen within the Mediterranean Sea where effective population size is substantially lower (especially in the eastern basin). While differentiation is strongest at the Atlantic/Mediterranean boundary, there is also weaker but significant differentiation between the eastern and western basins of the Mediterranean Sea. We propose, however, that the mechanisms are different. While post‐founding gene flow was reduced between the Mediterranean and Atlantic populations, within the Mediterranean an important factor differentiating the basins is probably a greater degree of admixture between the western basin and the North Atlantic and some level of isolation between the western and eastern Mediterranean basins. Subdivision within the Mediterranean Sea exacerbates conservation concerns and will require consideration of what distinct impacts may affect populations in the two basins.
LEADS+ Developmental Model: Proposing a new model based on an integrative conceptual review
Authors: Ramelli Sandra , Lal Sarrah , Sherbino Jonathan , Dickson Graham , Chan Teresa M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeaders in academic health sciences centres (AHCs) must navigate multiple roles as an inherent component of their positions. Changing accountabilities, varying expectations, differing leadership capabilities required of multiple leadership roles can be exacerbated by health system disruption, such as during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We need improved models that support leaders in navigating the complexity of multiple leadership roles.MethodThis integrative conceptual review sought to examine leadership and followership constructs and how they intersect with current leadership practices in AHCs. The goal was to develop a refined model of healthcare leadership development. The authors used iterative cycles of divergent and convergent thinking to explore and synthesise various literature and existing leadership frameworks. The authors used simulated personas and stories to test the model and, finally, the approach sought feedback from knowledge users (including healthcare leaders, medical educators and leadership developers) to offer refinements.ResultsAfter five rounds of discussion and reformulation, the authors arrived at a refined model: the LEADS+ Developmental Model. The model describes four nested stages, organising progressive capabilities, as an individual toggles between followership and leadership. During the consultation stage, feedback from 29 out of 65 recruited knowledge users (44.6% response rate) was acquired. More than a quarter of respondents served as a senior leader in a healthcare network or national society (27.5%, n = 8). Consulted knowledge users were invited to indicate their endorsement for the refined model using a 10‐point scale (10 = highest level of endorsement). There was a high level of endorsement: 7.93 (SD 1.7) out of 10.ConclusionThe LEADS+ Developmental Model may help foster development of academic health centre leaders. In addition to clarifying the synergistic dynamic between leadership and followership, this model describes the paradigms adopted by leaders within health systems throughout their development journey.
Taliban 2.0 and China's Counterterrorism Diplomacy in Afghanistan
Authors: Verma Raj 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe US withdrawal that left the Taliban in control of Afghanistan has created a security dilemma for China. Beijing considers its Uyghur population to be a terror threat, and it believes the Taliban are allowing the group to use Afghanistan as a refuge from which to plan attacks and transit into Central Asian neighbors. This article analyzes both the historical record and recent moves by China to explain Beijing's strategy of engaging with the Taliban and developing the Afghan economy. The study indicates that the approach has some potential benefits if, as the Chinese assume, economic growth yields stability, good governance, and a cohesive state that can combat terror groups. However, the article demonstrates that Afghan history, the Taliban's ideology, and the vicious circle of instability, economic stagnation, and further chaos are likely to subvert China's goals.
Low rates of neurological abnormalities in patients with pigmentary mosaicism: A retrospective cohort study from a tertiary dermatology center
Authors: Pagani Kyla , Plumptre Isabella , Amin Shray , Lal Karan , Wiss Karen , Belazarian Leah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPigmentary mosaicism (PM) is a descriptive term encompassing a range of hyper‐ and hypo‐pigmented phenotypes in various patterns. Information from the neurology literature initially noted neurological abnormalities (NA) in up to 90% of children with PM. The dermatology literature suggests lower associated rates (15%–30%) of NA. Variations in terminology, inclusion criteria, and small population sizes makes interpreting existing PM literature complicated. We aimed to assess rates of NA in children presenting to dermatology with PM.MethodsWe included patients <19 years, diagnosed with PM, nevus depigmentosus and/or segmental café au lait macules (CALM) seen in our dermatology department between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2020. Patients with neurofibromatosis, McCune‐Albright syndrome, and non‐segmental CALM were excluded. Data collected included pigmentation, pattern, site(s) affected, presence of seizures, developmental delay, and microcephaly.ResultsOne hundred fifty patients were included (49.3% female), with a mean age at diagnosis of 4.27 years. Patterns of mosaicism were ascertained for 149 patients and included blaschkolinear (60/149, 40.3%), blocklike (79/149, 53.0%), or a combination of both patterns (10/149, 6.7%). Patients with a combination of patterns were more likely to have NA (p < .01). Overall, 22/149 (14.8%) had NA. Nine out of twenty‐two patients with NA had hypopigmented blaschkolinear lesions (40.9%). Patients with ≥4 body sites affected were more likely to have NA (p < .01).DiscussionOverall, our population had low rates of NA in PM patients. A combination of blaschkolinear and blocklike patterns, or ≥4 body sites involved were associated with higher rates of NA.
Use of dupilumab for atopic dermatitis in young transplant patients—A case series of 3 patients
Authors: Steele Maritza V. , Gupta Rachit , Maguiness Sheilagh , Boull Christina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPatients who undergo solid organ transplantation are at an increased risk of developing atopic dermatitis, potentially due to long‐term use of calcineurin inhibitors which results in a shift towards the Th2 immune response. The effectiveness and safety of dupilumab for atopic dermatitis in posttransplant patients is not established. Previous reports of dupilumab use in posttransplant patients have been in adult patients. In this series, we report three young posttransplant patients treated successfully with dupilumab.
Dermatology through the lens of social media: A qualitative study among adolescents
Authors: Perche Patrick O. , Cook Madison K. , White Jonathan C. , Feldman Steven R. , Strowd Lindsay C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSocial media (SM) use has accelerated at an unprecedented pace and dermatology literature evaluating SM use is primarily centered on the quality and quantity of dermatologic content, with minimal research on how adolescent patients experience such content. We recruited 15 patients between the ages of 13–18 years from the Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Department of Dermatology to interview regarding their experience with dermatologic content on SM. Despite most participants' insightful comments on SM use and the relative lack of dermatologic content validation on SM, many participants adopted skin care advice from SM. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to social influence and it is important dermatologists understand how pervasive skin‐related content is on these platforms.
‘From Time Into Eternity’: Schelling on Intellectual Intuition
Authors: Bruno G. Anthony 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThroughout his career, Schelling assigns knowledge of the absolute first principle of philosophy to intellectual intuition. Schelling's doctrine of intellectual intuition raises two important questions for interpreters. First, given that his doctrine undergoes several changes before and after his identity philosophy, to what extent can he be said to “hold onto” the same “sense” of it by the 1830s, as he claims? Second, given that his doctrine of intellectual intuition restricts absolute idealism to what he calls a “science of reason”, which he says cannot prove the absolute’s existence, what other doctrine does he require in order to prove this? I will answer these questions by tracing the shifts in Schelling’s doctrine of intellectual intuition from the 1790s to the 1830s and drawing out its evolving methodological role within his science of intelligibility.
Gene‐Edited Food Adoption Intentions and Institutional Trust in the United States: Benefits, Acceptance, and Labeling☆
Authors: Lindberg Sonja A. , Peters David J. , Cummings Christopher L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNew gene editing techniques, such as CRISPR‐Cas9, have created the potential for rapid development of new gene‐edited food (GEF) products. Unlike genetically modified organism foods, there is limited research and literature on U.S. public opinions about GEFs. We address this knowledge gap by examining how crop‐based GEF adoption is linked to public trust in institutions and values using the Theory of Planned Behavior. We employ ordinal regression models to predict adoption intentions (direct benefits, acceptability, willingness to eat, and labeling) using a unique and nationally representative survey of n = 2,000 adults in the United States. We find that adoption hinges on public trust in institutions overseeing GEF development, especially trust in university scientists. The 29 percent of Americans likely to adopt GEFs highly trust government food regulators and the biotech industry. A nearly equal number of likely non‐adopters distrust current regulatory systems in favor of consumer and environmental advocacy groups. However, most Americans (41 percent) are uncertain about GEF adoption and whom to trust. Although 75 percent of Americans want GEFs labeled, few trust government agencies who have authority to issue labels. Our findings suggest public trust in GEFs and labels can only be obtained by tripartite oversight by universities, advocacy groups, and government food regulators.
A regional approach to militarized riskscapes: An environmental justice analysis of military proximity and air pollution in United States Environmental Protection Agency's regions
Authors: Shtob Daniel , Alvarez Camila , Theis Nicholas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecent advances in sociological appreciation of risk have culminated in the concept of riskscapes, which describe how the social, political, biophysical, and technological drivers of risk are embedded within different spaces in ways that can reinforce systemic inequities. The U.S. military has long been recognized as an important structural and institutional contributor to environmental problems and therefore potentially riskscapes. However, the regional environmental injustice consequences of military presence have received little attention. To address this need, here we construct aregionalized military riskscapesmodeling strategy that focuses on understanding environmental riskscapes across regional contexts. Using multilevel models with random intercepts, our exploratory analysis reveals differences in racial and ethnic environmental health exposure associated with proximity to military facilities across the 10 administrative regions used by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Furthermore, we find that the relative contributions to local air pollution profiles arising from military and non‐military sources likely differ by region, as do consequent environmental justice concerns. For example, in the Midwest, Central Mountain, and West/Southwest regions neighborhoods with more Latinx residents experience intensified air pollution inequalities associated with proximity to military installations. Neighborhoods with more Black residents in the Midwest reported greater environmental health risk from air toxics associated with nearby military facilities. These results underscore the usefulness of viewing the environmental consequences of domestic military facilities and their activities as regionally specific and spatially contingent. We further suggest that scholars studying environmental inequalities relating to military and other sources of pollution should consider how regional processes contextualize the existence and persistence of environmental injustice.
Serologic reactivity of unidentified specificity in antenatal testing and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn: The BEST collaborative study
Authors: Lu Wen , Ziman Alyssa , Yan Matthew T. S. , Waters Allison , Virk Mrigender Singh , Tran Ann , Tang Hongying , Shih Andrew W. , Scally Edel , Raval Jay S. , Pandey Suchi , Pagano Monica B. , Shan Hua , Moore Carmel , Morrison Douglas , Cormack Orla , Fitzgerald Joan , Duncan Jennifer , Corean Jessica , Clarke Gwen , Yazer Mark 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical significance of serologic reactivity of unidentified specificity (SRUS) in pregnancy is not clear based on available literature. The aim of this study is to determine if SRUS is associated with hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN).Study Design and MethodsRetrospective data were collected from eight institutions over an 11‐year study period (2010–2020), when available (5/8 sites). The outcome of the pregnancies with SRUS—no, mild, moderate, or severe HDFN—was determined.ResultsSRUS was demonstrated in 589 pregnancies. After excluding those with incomplete data, a total of 284 pregnancies were included in the primary HDFN outcome analysis. SRUS was detected in 124 (44%) pregnancies in isolation, and none were affected by HDFN. Of 41 pregnancies with SRUS and ABO incompatibility, 37 (90%) were unaffected, and 4 (10%) were associated with mild HDFN. Of 98 pregnancies with SRUS and concurrent identifiable antibody reactivity(s), 80 (81%) were unaffected, and 19 (19%) were associated with mild to severe HDFN. There was 1 case of mild HDFN and 1 case of severe HDFN in the 21 pregnancies with SRUS, ABO incompatibility, and concurrent identifiable antibody reactivity(s), and 19 (90%) were unaffected by HDFN. Among all patients with repeat testing, newly identified alloantibodies or other antibodies were identified in 63 of 212 (30%) patients. Although most were not clinically significant, on occasion SRUS preceded clinically significant antibody(s) associated with HDFN (3%, 5/188).ConclusionThe antenatal serologic finding of SRUS in isolation is not associated with HDFN but may precede clinically significant antibodies.