bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A concept of “materials” diffraction and imaging beamline for SKIF: Siberian circular photon source
Authors: Chernov Vladimir A. , Bataev Ivan A. , Rakshun Yakov V. , Khomyakov Yuri V. , Gorbachev Maksim V. , Trebushinin Andrei E. , Chkhalo Nikolay I. , Krasnorutskiy Dmitry A. , Naumkin Viktor S. , Sklyarov Artem N. , Mezentsev Nikolay A. , Korsunsky Alexander M. , Dolbnya Igor P. 
Published: January 2023

Over the next decade, the extremely brilliant fourth generation synchrotron radiation sources are set to become a key driving force in materials characterization and technology development. In this study, we present a conceptual design of a versatile “Materia” diffraction and imaging beamline for a low-emittance synchrotron radiation facility. The beamline was optimized for operation with three main principal delivery regimes: parallel collimated beam ∼1 mm beam size, micro-focus regime with ∼10 μm beam spot size on the sample, and nano-focus regime with &lt;100 nm focus. All regimes will operate in the photon energy range of 10–30 keV with the key feature of the beamline being fast switching between them, as well as between the various realizations of diffraction and imaging operation modes while maintaining the target beam position at the sample, and with both spectrally narrow and spectrally broad beams up to the energy band ΔE/E of 5 × 10−2. The manuscript presents the details of the principal characteristics selected for the insertion device and beamline optics, the materials characterization techniques, including the simulations of thermal load impact on the critical beamline optics components. Significant efforts were made to design the monochromators to mitigate the very high beam power load produced by a superconducting undulator source. The manuscript will be of interest to research groups involved in the design of new synchrotron beamlines.
Experimental investigation of film reversal evolution characteristics in gas–liquid annular flow
Authors: Wang Li-song , Yang Meng , Hou Lin-tong , Liu Shuo , Zhang Jian , Xu Jing-yu 
Published: January 2023

In natural gas wells, liquid loading is a severe problem threatening production safety. Published studies have verified that liquid loading is closely related to film reversal in gas–liquid annular flow, but the evolution of the film reversal is still unclear. This article reports on experiments conducted to reveal the film reversal evolution characteristics. Experiments were conducted in a 50-mm-diameter vertical pipe with superficial gas velocities ranging from 5.66 to 22.64 m/s and superficial liquid velocities ranging from 0.014 to 0.170 m/s. A camera and electrical resistance tomography were used to obtain qualitative and quantitative results, and an error analysis verified the experiments’ repeatability and reliability. The evolution process is divided objectively into three stages to clarify the film reversal: no film reversal (No-FR), the onset of film reversal (Onset-FR), and complete film reversal (Complete-FR). The three stages occur successively with decreasing gas velocity. The characteristics of the individual stages are elaborated, including the interfacial structures, morphological features, and motion trajectories. The void fractions are analyzed in both the time and frequency domains, where the statistical parameters of the probability density function, average value, and standard deviation are presented. The results show that the Onset-FR stage exhibits characteristics similar to both the No-FR and Complete-FR stages, indicating that it plays an intermediate role in the gradual evolutionary process. The current experimental results also achieve excellent agreement with published datasets and correlations.
Spirits quality classification based on machine vision technology and expert knowledge
Authors: Chen Mengchi , Liu Hao , Zhang Suyi , Liu Zhiyong , Mi Junpeng , Huang Wenjun , Li Delin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
By combining machine vision technology and expert knowledge, this paper proposes an online intelligent classification solution for Chinese spirits, which effectively improves the classification accuracy and production efficiency of spirits. Specifically, an intelligent spirits quality classification system is first designed, including spirits collectors, image sampling cameras, and computing devices. According to the principle that the size and shape of the bubbles in the spirits collector will change with the alcohol content in the spirits, a classification method of spirits quality based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) and bubble region of interest (ROI) selection is proposed. Furthermore, a post-processing method based on expert knowledge is proposed to improve the accuracy of the classification algorithm. A spirits quality classification dataset containing 139 119 images is created, and 15 CNNs are tested. Test results show that the highest spirits quality classification accuracy is 98.62% after using the bubble ROI selection method, and the highest classification accuracy reached 99.82% after adopting the post-processing method. Furthermore, practical application tests show that the solution proposed in this paper can improve spirits’ production quality and efficiency.
Minimization of image lag in polycrystalline mercuric iodide converters through incorporation of Frisch grid structures for digital breast tomosynthesis
Authors: Shen Liuxing , Antonuk Larry E , El-Mohri Youcef , Zhao Qihua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Polycrystalline mercuric iodide photoconductive converters fabricated using particle-in-binder techniques (PIB HgI2) provide significantly more detected charge per x-ray interaction than from a-Se and CsI:Tl converters commonly used with active matrix flat-panel imagers (AMFPIs). This enhanced sensitivity makes PIB HgI2 an interesting candidate for applications involving low x-ray exposures—since the relatively high levels of additive electronic noise exhibited by AMFPIs incorporating a-Se and CsI:Tl reduce detective quantum efficiency (DQE) performance under such conditions. A theoretical study is reported on an approach for addressing a major challenge impeding practical use of PIB HgI2 converters—the high lag exhibited by the material (over 10%) which would lead to undesirable image artifacts in applications involving acquisition of consecutive images such as digital breast tomosynthesis. Approach. Charge transport modeling accounting for the trapping and release of holes (thought to be the primary contributor to lag) was used to examine signal properties, including lag, of pillar-supported Frisch grids embedded in the photoconductor for 100 μm pitch AMFPI pixels. Performance was examined as a function of electrode voltage, grid pitch (center-to-center distance between neighboring grid wires) and the ratio of grid wire width to grid pitch. Main results. Optimum grid designs maximizing suppression of signal generated by hole transport, without significantly affecting the total signal due to electron and hole transport, were identified and MTF was determined. For the most favorable designs, additional modeling was used to determine DQE. The results indicate that, through judicious choice of grid design and operational conditions, first frame lag can be significantly reduced to below 1%—less than the low levels exhibited by a-Se. DQE performance is shown to be largely maintained as exposure decreases—which should help to maintain good image quality. Significance. Substantial reduction of lag in PIB HgI2 converters via incorporation of Frisch grids has been demonstrated through modeling.
Improving generalization performance of electrocardiogram classification models
Authors: Han Hyeongrok , Park Seongjae , Min Seonwoo , Kim Eunji , Kim HyunGi , Park Sangha , Kim Jin-Kook , Park Junsang , An Junho , Lee Kwanglo , Jeong Wonsun , Chon Sangil , Ha Kwon-Woo , Han Myungkyu , Choi Hyun-Soo , Yoon Sungroh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Recently, many electrocardiogram (ECG) classification algorithms using deep learning have been proposed. Because the ECG characteristics vary across datasets owing to variations in factors such as recorded hospitals and the race of participants, the model needs to have a consistently high generalization performance across datasets. In this study, as part of the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge (PhysioNet Challenge) 2021, we present a model to classify cardiac abnormalities from the 12- and the reduced-lead ECGs. Approach. To improve the generalization performance of our earlier proposed model, we adopted a practical suite of techniques, i.e. constant-weighted cross-entropy loss, additional features, mixup augmentation, squeeze/excitation block, and OneCycle learning rate scheduler. We evaluated its generalization performance using the leave-one-dataset-out cross-validation setting. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the knowledge distillation from the 12-lead and large-teacher models improved the performance of the reduced-lead and small-student models. Main results. With the proposed model, our DSAIL SNU team has received Challenge scores of 0.55, 0.58, 0.58, 0.57, and 0.57 (ranked 2nd, 1st, 1st, 2nd, and 2nd of 39 teams) for the 12-, 6-, 4-, 3-, and 2-lead versions of the hidden test set, respectively. Significance. The proposed model achieved a higher generalization performance over six different hidden test datasets than the one we submitted to the PhysioNet Challenge 2020.
Confinement of self-generated Mg(BH4)2 particles for simultaneously enhanced flux pinning and grain connectivity in polycrystalline H-doped MgB2
Authors: Cui Ganggang , Cai Qi , Li Yanmo , Yu Qilin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present study reports a simple quenching method to simultaneously improve flux pinning and grain connectivity in polycrystalline H-doped MgB2, which was ex-situ synthesized at 350 °C under the H2 pressure of 3 MPa. Quenching prevented the phase transformation of β-Mg(BH4)2→α-Mg(BH4)2 upon cooling, and the dominant point-pinning effects originated from the self-generated nano-sized β-Mg(BH4)2 particles that were confined within the MgB2 grains. A semi-coherent relationship was found between MgB2(100) and Mg(BH4)2(

1
ˉ

1

4
ˉ

) planes. Meanwhile, the precipitation-induced expansion of the MgB2 grains remained at room temperature, leading to an increasing number of contact points as well as grain connectivity. Compared with the un-doped MgB2, the quenched H-doped one exhibited enhanced critical current density over the entire field. These results are expected to guide the design of flux pinning centers for improving the J
c performance of standard type II superconductors.
Investigation of the generalized Euler characteristic of graphs and microwave networks split at edges and vertices
Authors: Farooq Omer , Akhshani Afshin , Białous Małgorzata , Bauch Szymon , Ławniczak Michał , Sirko Leszek 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We analyze the situation when the original graph is split at edges and vertices into two disconnected subgraphs. We show that there is a relationship between the generalized Euler characteristic



o

(
∣

V

D

o

∣
)

of the original graph and the generalized Euler characteristics



i

(
∣

V

D

i

∣
)

, i = 1,2, of two disconnected subgraphs, where

∣

V

D

o

∣

and

∣

V

D

i

∣

, i = 1,2, are the numbers of vertices with the Dirichlet boundary conditions in the graphs. Theoretical predictions are verified experimentally using microwave networks which simulate quantum graphs.
Systematic study of global optical model potentials in (d, p) transfer reactions*
Authors: Gao Yonghao , Ren Zhongzhou , Jin Lei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the T-matrix form of the transfer reaction, the optical model potentials (OMPs) are used to compute the scattering wave function and transition operator. For most cases, the elastic scattering cross sections, normally used to generate the OMPs, are not directly given in the same experiment. Then, the global OMPs, which fit the experimental data over a broad mass and energy range, are widely used in the theoretical calculations. Different sets of global OMPs with different parameter sets can reproduce the scattering cross section equally well within the uncertainty. Here, we apply different global OMPs to calculate the (differential) cross sections of

transfer reactions on the target nuclei

,

,

, and

at different energies. The results demonstrate that the effects of deuteron and nucleon global OMPs on transfer (differential) cross sections vary with energy and target mass. Furthermore, the influences of the spin-orbit coupling term of deuteron and nucleon global OMPs on the transfer cross sections are not negligible.
A novel temperature-controlled laser system to uniformly activate cutaneous thermal receptors during movable thermal stimulation
Authors: Rujoie Ahmad , Andersen Ole Kæseler , Frahm Ken Steffen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Laser stimulators have been widely used in pain studies to selectively activate Aδ and C nociceptors without coactivation of mechanoreceptors. Temperature-controlled laser systems have been implemented with low-temperature variations during stimulations, however, these systems purely enabled stationary stimulation. This study aimed to implement, test and validate a new laser stimulation system that controls skin temperature by continuously adjusting laser output during stimulus movement to allow accurate investigation of tempo-spatial mechanisms in the nociceptive system. Approach. For validation, laser stimuli were delivered to the right forearm of eight healthy subjects using a diode laser. The laser beam was displaced across the skin to deliver a moving thermal stimulation to the skin surface. To test the function and feasibility of the system, different stimulation parameters were investigated involving two control modes (open-loop and closed-loop), three displacement velocities (5, 10 and 12 mm s−1 ), two intensities (high 46 °C and low 42 °C), two stimulus lengths (20 and 100 mm) and two directions (distal and proximal). Main results. During closed-loop control, the stimulation error and variation of stimulation temperatures were significantly smaller than during open-loop control. The standard deviation of stimulation temperatures increased significantly with stimulation intensity and displacement length. Significance. This study showed that more accurate, less variable laser stimulations were delivered to the skin using closed-loop control during a movable stimulus. The more uniform skin temperature during stimuli is likely to ensure a more uniform nociceptor activation.
Insulation State Assessment of Cable Intermediate Joint based on the Combination of Variable Weight and TOPSIS
Authors: Liu Shaohui , Liang Nianbai , Chen Jiayang , Li Lei , Liu Song , Qiu Haorong , Deng Baixi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In order to understand the insulation operation state of cable joint in real time, an evaluation method of cable joint insulation state based on improved TOPSIS with variable weight is proposed. Taking the partial discharge(PD) data monitored online as an example, the representative PD characteristic parameters is selected. Furthermore, Sen + Mann-Kendall test method is used to quantitatively calculate the trend change of corresponding PD characteristic parameters. Then the deterioration degree is introduced to normalize the PD characteristic parameters. Considering the change of weight under extreme deterioration, a variable weight function is constructed to optimize the constant weight. Finally, an improved TOPSIS method is applied to construct the cable intermediate joint state evaluation model. The case analysis shows that this model is more accurately than the traditional model in assessing the insulation condition of cable intermediate joint.
Mimicry API Gateway Decision Algorithm Based on Trust Distribution
Authors: Pan Yunfei , Jia Hongyong , Liu Wenhe , Sun He , Xu Mingyang , Chen Cen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the lack of dynamic and comprehensiveness of trust evaluation methods in current adjudication algorithms, an adjudication algorithm for mimic API gateway based on trust distribution is proposed. The algorithm comprehensively considers the direct and indirect trust relationships between equipment executives from the perspective of trust distribution, and on this basis introduces a dynamic penalty strategy, which greatly improves the dynamics and effectiveness of the algorithm. In addition, the algorithm is simulated and tested in the simulated API gateway environment, and the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has significantly improved the reliability and security of trust evaluation compared with the previous adjudication algorithms.
Jacking Construction and Measures for Jacking-up of Large Gradient Bridge
Authors: Wang Shouqiang , Zhou Wenbo , Ge Yiheng , Hu Jiaping , Wang Zhuoying , Cheng Ye 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, more and more bridges are difficult to meet the traffic needs because of the limitations on bridge clearance height while bridge demolition and reconstruction will lengthen the construction cycle, waste a lot of resources, increase the construction cost, etc. By solving these problems and using the original bridge effectively, the bridge jacking-up construction technology is widely used. With the construction of urban road network, the original ramp bridge needs to be elevated to the new main road in the process of viaduct construction in Shanghai, which involves the slope adjustment of large gradient bridge. The jacking section of the bridge with 16.5m width deck and the total length 220.51m is divided into two sections with 19.51+24×3+19m and 19+24×3+19m span combinations. A series of measures are put forward for the bridge jacking construction: the ball-head Jacks are installed to offset Jack deflection, the sliding steel plate is used to ensure vertical and horizontal displacement of the Jack, the push-pull devices are installed to ensure the width of expansion joint while jacking-up and the fast-hardening concrete is proposed to use in the process of pier heightening.
First Principles Study on Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2 (101) @ MoO3 Material
Authors: Yu Zhiqing , Li Xiaotao , Ma Zhenning , Wang Xun , Li Xing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The structural stability, energy band, density of states images and absorption spectra of TiO2 (101) surface and TiO2 (101) @ MoO3 system were calculated and analyzed by the first principle method. The results show that MoO3 clusters can form Mo-O-Ti bridge structure on TiO2 (101) surface, which has good stability and is beneficial to practical use. Compared with the pure TiO2 (101) surface, the adsorption of MoO3 clusters on the TiO2 (101) surface can generate empty energy levels in the intrinsic band gap, which is conducive to reducing the energy requirements for electronic transitions, and thus conducive to electronic transitions between band gaps. The absorption spectrum analysis also proves that the TiO2 (101) @ MoO3 absorption spectrum has an absorption peak at the wavelength of 420nm, and the absorption spectrum is highly higher than the TiO2 (101) surface. The corresponding wavelength of the absorption peak in this region has entered the visible light region, which can greatly enhance the utilization of visible photons, and is of great significance for photocatalysis.
Improved Image Style Transfer Based on VGG-16 Convolutional Neural Network Model
Authors: Shu Chenhao , Hu Xichuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the field of computer vision, image style transfer is an important research direction. With the promotion of artificial intelligence, this technology is becoming more and more popular. Compared with the current image style transfer technology based on artificial intelligence, the traditional technology appears to be complex, time-consuming and inefficient. Migration technology is mainly based on images of the current mainstream style VGG - 16 convolution neural network model, adopts TensorFlow framework, in this article to a picture before the smart migration style photo style, texture features such as the methods of improvement, by modifying the style loss function, makes the image content images can transfer a variety of style, Finally, it is verified by relevant experiments.
Modeling and analyzing single-cell multimodal data with deep parametric inference
Authors: Hu Huan , Feng Zhen , Lin Hai , Zhao Junjie , Zhang Yaru , Xu Fei , Chen Lingling , Chen Feng , Ma Yunlong , Su Jianzhong , Zhao Qi , Shuai Jianwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The proliferation of single-cell multimodal sequencing technologies has enabled us to understand cellular heterogeneity with multiple views, providing novel and actionable biological insights into the disease-driving mechanisms. Here, we propose a comprehensive end-to-end single-cell multimodal analysis framework named Deep Parametric Inference (DPI). DPI transforms single-cell multimodal data into a multimodal parameter space by inferring individual modal parameters. Analysis of cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) reveals that the multimodal parameter space can characterize the heterogeneity of cells more comprehensively than individual modalities. Furthermore, comparisons with the state-of-the-art methods on multiple datasets show that DPI has superior performance. Additionally, DPI can reference and query cell types without batch effects. As a result, DPI can successfully analyze the progression of COVID-19 disease in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Notably, we further propose a cell state vector field and analyze the transformation pattern of bone marrow cells (BMC) states. In conclusion, DPI is a powerful single-cell multimodal analysis framework that can provide new biological insights into biomedical researchers. The python packages, datasets and user-friendly manuals of DPI are freely available at https://github.com/studentiz/dpi.