bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of dulaglutide combined with insulin degludec on glucose fluctuations and appetite in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Huang Jinxin , Hua Fei , Jiang Xiaohong , Zhang Xingguang , Yang Minxing , Wang Long , Huang Xiaolin , Luo Kaiming 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to describe appetite and glucose fluctuation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients initiating treatment with dulaglutide combined with insulin degludec.MethodsThis retrospective study of patients identified adults starting treatment with once-weekly (QW) dulaglutide combined with insulin degludec (experimental group) or insulin degludec alone (control group). Patients were followed for up to 6 months from treatment initiation. The clinical characteristics of patients, treatment patterns, CGM data, and appetite scores were obtained for the two groups.ResultsA total of 236 patients were included in this study. SDBG, MAGE, LAGE, and PPGE of the experimental group were lower than the control group’s (P &lt; 0.05). The proportions of patients achieving a time in range (TIR) of ≥70% in the experimental group were higher than in the control group, with 43% and 10% on the second day, 88% and 47% on the fourth day, 95% and 47% on the seventh day, and 100% and 67% on the tenth day, respectively. Significant associations existed between TIR and the prevalence of islet function. At six months, 89.2% of patients in the experimental group were still using dulaglutide. Appetite decreased significantly at 1 week and increased at 3 months after treatment with dulaglutide.ConclusionDulaglutide combined with insulin degludec significantly reduces glucose fluctuations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and improves the TIR rate. However, the treatment on appetite could decrease in the first three months.
Research on an evaluation index system of critical emergency management capability based on machine learning in a complex scientific environment
Authors: Zhao Xianli , Hu Zhenlong 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionA complex scientific environment requires multiple considerations for handling critical and emergency conditions with an addressing solution. Indexing and prioritizing are standard methods that are used in such settings to improve itinerary solutions. Significance of an indexing system relies on the benchmark solution and the strategy it implies.MethodsThe present study introduces an indexing strategy evaluation method (ISEM) to validate the efficiency of indexing systems. The proposed method identifies the root implication and the strategy parameters to address complex problems. The environmental and problem-specific parameters are determined to estimate the system's initial response. The capability through solution response, lag, and failure analysis is identified post the estimation through linear regression learning. The indexing system's operations are designed through linear itineraries to prevent interrupting failures. In addition, the environmental features are identified as augmenting factors to prevent strategy pausing across multiple indices.Results and discussionThe proposed method employs linear analysis through itinerary levels of index evaluation for optimal, lagging, and failed implications. It also helps to identify specific reasons for solution improvement or retention from previous operations.
Sex-specific variations in global DNA methylation levels with age: a population-based exploratory study from North India
Authors: Kaushik Anshika , Chaudhary Vineet , Longkumer Imnameren , Saraswathy Kallur Nava , Jain Sonal 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Aging is one of the most important risk factors for a number of human diseases. Epigenetic alterations, including changes in DNA methylation patterns, have been reported to be one of the hallmarks of aging. Being a malleable process, the role of site-specific DNA methylation in aging is being extensively investigated; however, much less attention has been given to alterations in global DNA methylation with aging at the population level. The present study aims to explore overall and sex-specific variations in global DNA methylation patterns with age.Methods: A total of 1,127 adult individuals (792 females) aged 30–75 years belonging to Haryana, North India, were recruited. Socio-demographic data was collected using a pretested interview schedule. Global DNA methylation analysis, of peripheral blood leucocyte (PBL) DNA, was performed using the ELISA-based colorimetric technique.Results: Though the overall correlation analysis revealed a weak inverse trend between global DNA methylation and age, the adjusted regression model showed no significant association between global DNA methylation and age. In age-stratified analysis, global DNA methylation levels were found to be fairly stable until 60 years of age, followed by a decline in the above-60 age group. Further, no significant difference in DNA patterns methylation pattern was observed between males and females.Conclusion: Overall, the study suggests a lack of association between global DNA methylation and age, especially until 60 years of age, and a similar DNA methylation pattern between males and females with respect to age.
Genetic analysis and QTL mapping of domestication-related traits in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Lopez-Moreno Hector , Basurto-Garduño Ana Celia , Torres-Meraz Maria Alejandra , Diaz-Valenzuela Eric , Arellano-Arciniega Sergio , Zalapa Juan , Sawers Ruairidh J. H. , Cibrián-Jaramillo Angelica , Diaz-Garcia Luis 
Published: May 2023

Chili pepper (Capsicum annuumL.) is one of the oldest and most phenotypically diverse pre-Columbian crops of the Americas. Despite the abundance of genetic resources, the use of wild germplasm and landraces in chili pepper breeding is limited. A better understanding of the evolutionary history in chili peppers, particularly in the context of traits of agronomic interest, can contribute to future improvement and conservation of genetic resources. In this study, an F2:3mapping population derived from a cross between aC. annuumwild accession (Chiltepin) and a cultivated variety (Puya) was used to identify genomic regions associated with 19 domestication and agronomic traits. A genetic map was constructed consisting of 1023 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers clustered into 12 linkage groups and spanning a total of 1,263.87 cM. A reciprocal translocation that differentiates the domesticated genome from its wild ancestor and other related species was identified between chromosomes 1 and 8. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis detected 20 marker-trait associations for 13 phenotypes, from which 14 corresponded to previously identified loci, and six were novel genomic regions related to previously unexplored domestication-syndrome traits, including form of unripe fruit, seedlessness, deciduous fruit, and growth habit. Our results revealed that the genetic architecture ofCapsicumdomestication is similar to other domesticated species with few loci with large effects, the presence of QTLs clusters in different genomic regions, and the predominance of domesticated recessive alleles. Our analysis indicates the domestication process in chili pepper has also had an effect on traits not directly related to the domestication syndrome. The information obtained in this study provides a more complete understanding of the genetic basis ofCapsicumdomestication that can potentially guide strategies for the exploitation of wild alleles.
Clinical application of a modified predeposit autologous red blood cell apheresis in multistage spinal fusion: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Xu Xiao-Ping , Que Wen-Jun , Yu Ze-Bo , Shen Jie-Liang , Hu Zhen-Ming , Yang Xiao-Liang , Hao Jie 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of predeposit autologous RBC apheresis (PARA) in patients undergoing multilevel spinal fusion surgery.MethodsA total of 112 patients from January 2020 to June 2022 were divided into two groups according to PARA: the PARA group (n = 51) and the control group (n = 61). The baseline characteristics of the patients, outcomes, transfusion cost, hospitalization cost, length of stay, complications, and changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels between the two groups were compared.ResultsThe baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. No significant differences were found in functional outcomes, including VAS score (p = 0.159), ODI score (p = 0.214), JOA score (p = 0.752), and SF-36 score (p = 0.188) between the PARA and control groups. The amount and rate of intraoperative and perioperative allogeneic RBC transfusion were significantly higher in the control group than in the PARA group (p &lt; 0.001). The postoperative (9.04 ± 3.21 vs. 11.05 ± 3.84, p = 0.004) and total length of stay (15.78 ± 3.79 vs. 17.36 ± 4.08, p = 0.038) in the PARA group were significantly lower than those in the control group, respectively. Despite no difference in hospitalization cost (p = 0.737), the total blood transfusion cost in the PARA group was significantly lower, compared with the control group (p &lt; 0.001). For safety evaluation, there were no significant differences in Hb and Hct levels between the two groups at admission, on postoperative day 1, and postoperative day 3, respectively (p &gt; 0.05). Moreover, the number of postoperative infections in the PARA group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p = 0.038).ConclusionPARA was a novel, safe, and highly efficient technique for mass autologous blood preparation in a quite short preparation time. This method could significantly reduce the amount of allogeneic blood transfusion and length of stay, which could provide a theoretical basis for following clinical practice about the technique.
Egg yolk antibody combined with bismuth-based quadruple therapy in Helicobacter pylori infection rescue treatment: a single-center, randomized, controlled study
Authors: Cheng Sha , Li Huan , Luo Ju , Chi Jingshu , Zhao Wenfang , Lin Jiahui , Xu Canxia 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe increasing antibiotic resistance is the main issue causing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication failure. As a nutritional supplement, Egg Yolk Antibody (Ig Y) provides a new approach for H. pylori infection rescue therapy.MethodsIn this randomized, controlled study, 100 H. pylori-positive patients with previous H. pylori eradication treatment were included. All individuals received standard bismuth-containing quadruple therapy twice daily (5 mg ilaprazole, 100 mg doxycycline, 500 mg clarithromycin or 1 g amoxicillin or 100 mg furazolidone, and 220 mg colloidal bismuth tartrate) for 14 days and were randomized to receive either twice daily 7 g Ig Y-H. pylori treatment (study group) or not (control group). 4 weeks after the end of treatment, urea breath tests were used to assess the H. pylori eradication rate. All participants scored by the Global Overall Symptom scale (GOS) and recorded adverse events during the trial.ResultsThe H. pylori eradication rates were 84.0% (95% CI 73.5–94.5%) vs. 80.0% (95% CI 68.5–91.5%) in the study and control groups at intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis and 85.7% (95% CI 75.6–95.9%) vs. 80.0% (95% CI 68.5–91.5%) at per-protocol (PP) analysis, respectively. The number of over 80% symptom relief after treatment in the two groups was 27 (60%) and 12 (29.2%) (p &lt; 0.05), and the incidences of adverse events were 4 (8%) and 6 (12%), respectively.ConclusionBoth groups achieved satisfactory eradication efficiency in H. pylori rescue therapy and Ig Y-H. pylori effectively alleviates the symptoms with good compliance and fewer adverse effects.
Examining indicators of psychosocial risk and resilience in parents of autistic children
Authors: Dimachkie Nunnally Amanda , Factor Reina S. , Sturm Alexandra , Valluripalli Soorya Latha , Wainer Allison , Taylor Sandra , Ponzini Matthew , Abbeduto Leonard , Gulsrud Amanda C. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundParents of autistic children experience increased levels of caregiver strain and adverse mental health outcomes, even in comparison to parents of children with other neurodevelopmental disabilities. Previous studies have largely attributed these increased levels of mental health concerns to their child behavioral concerns and autism symptomatology, but less attention has been given to other potential child factors, such as child adaptive functioning. Additionally, little is known about potential protective factors, such as parents’ emotion regulation (ER) abilities, that may ameliorate the experience of caregiver strain, anxiety, and depression.ObjectiveThe current study examined the impact of child characteristics (restricted and repetitive behaviors, adaptive functioning and behavioral concerns) on parent mental health outcomes (caregiver strain, anxiety, depression and wellbeing). Additionally, we explore parents’ ER abilities as a moderator of the impact of child characteristic on parents’ mental health outcomes.ResultsResults of linear mixed effect models indicated a significant relationship between parents’ ER abilities and all four parent outcomes. Additionally, children’s adaptive functioning abilities and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) were significant predictors of caregiving strain. Parents’ ER abilities were a significant moderator of the effect of children’s repetitive behaviors and adaptive functioning challenges on caregiver strain, such that better ER abilities mitigated the impact of child clinical factors on caregiver strain. Finally, a significant difference was detected for mothers’ and fathers’ mental health, with mothers reporting higher caregiver strain, and more symptoms of anxiety and depression than did fathers.ConclusionThis study leveraged a large sample of autistic children and their biological parents to examine the relationship between children’s clinical characteristics and parents’ psychological wellbeing. Results indicate that, although parents of autistic children do experience high rates of internalizing mental health concerns that relate to child adaptive functioning and RRBs, parent ER abilities act as a protective factor against parents’ adverse mental health outcomes. Further, mothers in our sample reported significantly higher rates of depression, anxiety, and caregiver strain, as compared with fathers.
Radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy successfully treated one case of anaplastic thyroid cancer: A case report
Authors: Xing Yurou , Wang Yongsheng , Wu Xin 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAnaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare but highly fatal form of thyroid cancer. This highly malignant tumor progresses rapidly and is prone to relapse and metastasis, with a poor prognosis. Novel treatments have improved survival in recent years, but the outcome of treatment is not satisfactory.Case presentationWe report a case of multiple postoperative recurrences of papillary thyroid carcinoma that later transformed into undifferentiated carcinoma. The patient’s neck mass was huge and the operation was unsuitable. Then, she achieved remarkable tumor shrinkage by tislelizumab immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy.ConclusionThis case indicates that radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy is a promising treatment for ATC. Such a combined approach warrants further study.
MRI-based clinical radiomics nomogram may predict the early response after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wu Mengxing , Xu Weilin , Fei Yinjiao , Li Yurong , Yuan Jinling , Qiu Lei , Zhang Yumeng , Chen Guanhua , Cheng Yu , Cao Yuandong , Sun Xinchen , Zhou Shu 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTumor residue after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients often predicts poor prognosis. Thus, the objective of this retrospective study is to develop a nomogram that combines magnetic resonance (MRI) radiomics features and clinical features to predict the early response of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC).MethodsA total of 91 patients with LA-NPC were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts at a ratio of 3:1. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the clinical parameters of the patients to select clinical features to build a clinical model. In the training cohort, the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model was used to select radiomics features for construction of a radiomics model. The logistic regression algorithm was then used to combine the clinical features with the radiomics features to construct the clinical radiomics nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were drawn to compare and verify the predictive performances of the clinical model, radiomics model, and clinical radiomics nomogram.ResultsPlatelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and nasopharyngeal tumor volume were identified as independent predictors of early response in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A total of 5502 radiomics features were extracted, from which 25 radiomics features were selected to construct the radiomics model. The clinical radiomics nomogram demonstrated the highest AUC in both the training and validation cohorts (training cohort 0.975 vs 0.973 vs 0.713; validation cohort 0.968 vs 0.952 vs 0.706). The calibration curve and DCA indicated good predictive performance for the nomogram.ConclusionA clinical radiomics nomogram, which combines clinical features with radiomics features based on MRI, can predict early tumor regression in patients with LA-NPC. The performance of the nomogram is superior to that of either the clinical model or radiomics model alone. Therefore, it can be used to identify patients without CR at an early stage and provide guidance for personalized therapy.
Electroacupuncture for the treatment of cancer pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Zhang Junning , Wu Weizhen , Ren Yuehan , Yuan Yi , Jia Liqun 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThis paper aims to review the current evidence on electroacupuncture as an effective and safe therapy for cancer pain management.MethodsFive databases were searched from their inception through November 11, 2022. Only the randomized controlled trials that meet the eligibility criteria were finally included in the study. Literature screening and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers, and RevMan 5.3 used for meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 17 RCTs met our inclusion criteria. We used 8 indicators to estimate the meta-analysis results, most of which proved statistically significant, including VAS scores, NRS scores, and KPS scores. To be specific, VAS scores (MD = −1.41, 95% CI: −2.42 to −0.41, P = 0.006) and NRS scores (MD = −1.19, 95% CI: −1.72 to −0.66, P &lt; 0.0001) were significantly lower in the treatment group compared to the control group. The treatment group's KPS scores (MD = 5.48, 95% CI: 3.27 to 7.69, P &lt; 0.00001) were higher than those of the control group. Also, in the treatment group, the number of burst pain (MD = −2.66, 95% CI: −3.32 to −1.99, P &lt; 0.00001) and side effect rates (RR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.67, P &lt; 0.00001) greatly reduced, while the response rate (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.26, P &lt; 0.0001) significantly increased compared to the control group.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the advantages of electroacupuncture in the treatment of cancer pain. Meanwhile, rigorous RCTs should be designed and conducted in the future to further demonstrate the exact efficacy of electroacupuncture.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022376148.
Maternal exposure to antibiotics and risk of atopic dermatitis in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wan Mengjie , Yang Xiaoyang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAlthough the association between maternal exposure to antibiotics and the risk of atopic dermatitis (AD) in childhood has been studied extensively, there still is a lack of clarity on the topic. The aim of this study was to summarize the published data and to examine if maternal exposure to antibiotics increases the risk of AD in childhood.MethodsSystematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase for all types of studies on the review subject independent of any language restrictions and published up to 28th December 2022. Data was analyzed using random-effects model and presented as pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsA total of 18 studies (5,354,282 mother-child pairs) were included. Maternal exposure to antibiotics was associated with an increased risk of AD in childhood (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.22, I2 = 85%, p = 0.0003). The significance of the results was not affected by the location of the study (Asia or Europe). While subgroup analysis based on exposure assessment or diagnosis of AD demonstrated a tendency of increased risk of AD, the association was not statistically significant in multiple subgroups. Segregating data based on the timing of exposure did not affect the significance of the results for studies on all trimesters. However, there was no association between antibiotic exposure in the third trimester or just before delivery and the risk of childhood AD.ConclusionThe results of this meta-analysis suggest that maternal exposure to antibiotics may lead to a modestly increased risk of AD in offspring. The evidence is limited by high interstudy heterogeneity and bias in exposure and outcome assessment. Future studies are needed to explore if the timing of exposure, the dose, the number of prescriptions, and the type of antibiotic affect this association.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023387233.
Analysis of congenital hearing loss after neonatal hearing screening
Authors: Verstappen Gill , Foulon Ina , Van den Houte Kelsey , Heuninck Emilie , Van Overmeire Bart , Gordts Frans , Topsakal Vedat 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionNeonates undergo neonatal hearing screening to detect congenital hearing loss at an early stage. Once confirmed, it is necessary to perform an etiological workup to start appropriate treatment. The study objective was to assess the different etiologies, risk factors, and hearing results of infants with permanent hearing loss and to evaluate the efficacy and consequences of the different screening devices over the last 21 years.MethodsWe conducted a single-center retrospective cohort analysis for all neonatal hearing screening program referrals and performed an etiological workup in case of confirmed hearing loss. We analyzed the evolution of the etiological protocols based on these results.ResultsThe governmental neonatal hearing screening program referred 545 infants to our center. Hearing loss was confirmed in 362 (66.4%) infants and an audiological workup was performed in 458 (84%) cases. 133 (24.4%) infants were diagnosed with permanent hearing loss. Ninety infants (56 bilateral and 34 unilateral) had sensorineural hearing loss, and the degree was predominantly moderate or profound. The most common etiology in bilateral sensorineural hearing loss was a genetic etiology (32.1%), and in unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, an anatomical abnormality (26.5%). Familial history of hearing loss was the most frequently encountered risk factor.ConclusionThere is a significant number of false positives after the neonatal hearing screening. Permanent hearing loss is found only in a limited number of infants. During the 21 years of this study, we noticed an increase in etiological diagnoses, especially genetic causes, due to more advanced techniques. Genetic causes and anatomical abnormalities are the most common etiology of bilateral and unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, respectively, but a portion remains unknown after extensive examinations.