bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amblyseius orientalis shows high consumption and reproduction on Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) in China
Authors: Zhang Yannan , Sheng Fujing , Wang Endong , Lv Jiale , Xu Xuenong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae), is a cosmopolitan pest that infest many greenhouse crops. Biological control is an important way to control P. latus, with predatory mites being the most widely used natural enemy of this pest. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the capabilities of three native phytoseiids in China (Neoseiulus californicus, Neoseiulus barkeri and Amblyseius orientalis) in controlling P. latus, using Amblyseius swirskii, a commercial biological control agent of this pest widely used in Europe as a control. Consumption, development, and reproduction of the four species when fed with P. latus were assessed, and their life table parameters were estimated and compared. Among the three native species, A. orientalis has the highest consumption rate of P. latus (29.0 per day), the shortest developmental duration (5.32 d), and the highest cumulative fecundity (13.50 eggs/female). Overall, its intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) is 0.12, comparable to that of A. swirskii. Among the three candidates, A. orientalis is the only one that population increase might be expected when fed with P. latus. Therefore, we suggest it to be a potential biological control agent for this pest in China.
Simple new clinical score to predict hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained viral response with direct-acting antivirals
Authors: Watanabe Takao , Tokumoto Yoshio , Joko Kouji , Michitaka Kojiro , Horiike Norio , Tanaka Yoshinori , Hiraoka Atsushi , Tada Fujimasa , Ochi Hironori , Kisaka Yoshiyasu , Nakanishi Seiji , Yagi Sen , Yamauchi Kazuhiko , Morita Makoto , Okazaki Yuki , Yukimoto Atsushi , Hirooka Masashi , Abe Masanori , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The time point of the most precise predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development after viral eradication with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy is unclear. In this study we developed a scoring system that can accurately predict the occurrence of HCC using data from the optimal time point. A total of 1,683 chronic hepatitis C patients without HCC who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) with DAA therapy were split into a training set (999 patients) and a validation set (684 patients). The most accurate predictive scoring system to estimate HCC incidence was developed using each of the factors at baseline, end of treatment, and SVR at 12 weeks (SVR12). Multivariate analysis identified diabetes, the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, and the α-fetoprotein level as independent factors at SVR12 that contributed to HCC development. A prediction model was constructed with these factors that ranged from 0–6 points. No HCC was observed in the low-risk group. Five-year cumulative incidence rates of HCC were 1.9% in the intermediate-risk group and 15.3% in the high-risk group. The prediction model at SVR12 most accurately predicted HCC development compared with other time points. This simple scoring system combining factors at SVR12 can accurately evaluate HCC risk after DAA treatment.
A study on ancient casting method through microstructures of impurities and copper found in bronze excavated from the Unified Silla Period
Authors: Choi Jungeun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In Hwangnyongsa temple site in Dongdaebong mountain in Korea, a large number of gilt-bronze artifacts were excavated. Optical microscope, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, focused ion beam, transmission electron microscopy are used to identify the structure of the specimen and impurities. This article investigates the impurities and copper grains in bronze Buddha’s robe from Hwangnyongsa temple site to suggest ancient bronze craft technology in the unified Silla period. XRF results of specimen indicate that were made using alloy of copper and tin, and gold plating was done on the front side only. The microstructure of specimen was confirmed as a recrystallized polygonal structure, with twins and impurities. The results of impurities’ EDS indicated the molar ratio of Cu : S as 2 : 1 and electron diffraction pattern corroborated with that of Cu2S (JCPDF 33-0490). A layer of specimen surface consisted of high lead layer and copper grains. It is speculated that the copper grains were formed by reaction of Pb with matte (Cu2S) during casting. Lead with black gas would help to make high quality bronze. The copper grains used to exist in Silla, as detected in Koryo bronze artifacts. Hence, it was possible that the ancient artisans knew that lead make bronze quality good when they were casting bronze.
CD45 inhibition in myeloid leukaemia cells sensitizes cellular responsiveness to chemotherapy
Authors: Barashdi Maryam Ahmed S. Al , Ali Ahlam , McMullin Mary Frances , Mills Kenneth 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

Myeloid malignancies are a group of blood disorders characterized by the proliferation of one or more haematopoietic myeloid cell lineages, predominantly in the bone marrow and are often caused by aberrant protein tyrosine kinase activity. The protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45 is a transmembrane molecule expressed on all haemopoietic blood cells except that of platelets and red cells. CD45 regulates various cellular physiological processes including proliferation, apoptosis, and lymphocyte activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of CD45 in myeloid malignancies in terms of cellular growth, apoptosis, and response to chemotherapy to investigate alternative therapies with less toxicity and more efficacy.

Methods

The expression profile of CD45 was established in a panel of myeloid leukaemia cell lines and in peripheral blood cells from normal individuals, AML and MPN patients using western blot, flow cytometry, and PCR. CD45 KD was performed by using siRNA nucleofection and lipofectamine RNAiMAX technology. Bioinformatics study was performed using Partek Genomic Suit and Quadratic software for connectivity mapping.
RNA sequencing was performed on CD45 KD cells and CD45 inhibited cells versus control cells. Apoptosis was studied by using Caspase-Glo™ Assay and western blotting. Drug combination studies between CD45 inhibitors and chemotherapy were performed and cytotoxicity was estimated by using Cell Titer-Glo® (CTG).

Results

The expression of CD45 on myeloid leukaemia primary cells and cell lines was heterogeneous with HEL and OCI-AML3 cells showing the highest level. Knockdown (KD) and/or inhibition of CD45 resulted in increased cellular sensitivity to cytarabine and ruxolitinib. Bioinformatics analysis identified of alendronate, allopurinol, and balsalazide as CD45 inhibitors along with genes whose expression was correlated with CD45 expression such as JAK2, ACTR2, THAP3 Serglycin and PBX-1 genes.

Conclusions

CD45 inhibition could be explored as a potential therapeutic partner for treatment of myeloid malignancies in combination with chemotherapy such as cytarabine. Identification of alendronate, allopurinol, and balsalazide, licensed drugs, could be repurposed as CD45 inhibitors at non-toxic concentrations which effectively increases sensitivity to cytarabine and ruxolitinib at low doses. Therefore, combining CD45 inhibitor drugs with low dose chemotherapy can be beneficial in treating myeloid leukaemia and can provide an alternative therapy characterized by less toxicity and more efficiency especially for elderly patients and those showing chemotherapy resistance.
Does Nebulized Unfractionated Heparin Cause changes in derived Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratios in severe Covid-19 pneumonitis?
Authors: Thompson Cecily W. , Robinson Stacey-Ann M. , McIntosh Jevonne J. , Risden Jodian S. , White Dwayne R. , Morgan Keri S. , Beecher Tamara S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Covid-19 a multisystemic disorder caused by the SARS-Cov-2 virus with deleterious and often fatal effects on respiratory function. Many therapeutic but expensive options have been presented. Unfractionated Heparin is widely available and has been shown to have anti-viral properties in vitro (by inhibiting the interaction of the spike protein of the corona virus with ACE2), as well as anti-inflammatory, mucolytic and anticoagulant effects.
Objective
To conduct a retrospective cohort study on Covid-19 patients admitted to an isolation ward in Jamaica to determine if Nebulized Unfractionated heparin delivered to patients with severe Covid 19 pneumonitis would influence the derived Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), a predictor of infection severity which was routinely measured.
Methods
Study participants were hospitalized with Covid-19 pneumonitis, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, between August 4, 2021 to November 13, 2021 and manged by anaesthesiologists. All had at admission, SpO2 < 92% on room air. Patients received standard Covid-19 care management protocol, as per national guidelines of Jamaica. Seventeen patients with median (range)age 53 (35-67) years received nebulized unfractionated heparin (the study group); and seventeen patients with median (range) age 53 (38-67) years were not given Nebulized unfractionated heparin (the control group). Derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios were observed daily over a 15-day period and tabulated and charted using stacked line graphs and box plots to compare changes in the variable between the groups.
Results
The demographic and illness severity were comparable for groups. Stacked line graphs of dNLR in each group indicated more rapid decline in the group treated with Nebulized Unfractionated Heparin group compared to the control group. Univariate analysis using box plots of serial dNLR changes showed larger interquartile ranges, longer whiskers, higher means and medians in the control group compared to the study group.
Conclusions
Participants treated with Nebulized Unfractionated Heparin had a sharper decline in dNLR than patients who did not get this therapy. there was a less varied, more predictable serial dNLR response in the study group than in the control group. Larger studies should explore the clinical implications of this finding.
Electronic Effects of Substituents on the Reactivity of Silenes: A Computational Analysis
Authors: K Amrutha , Mallikasseri Jose John , Mathew Jomon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Computational analysis have been carried out to understand the electronic effect of substituents on the reactivity silenes. Three types of reactions viz. (i) dimerization of silenes, (ii) small molecule activation (NH3 and NO) and (iii) isomerization of silene to silylene were taken for the analysis using monosubstituted silenes (RHC=SiH2 and H2C=SiRH) and disubstituted silene (HRC=SiRH) with substituents –CH3, -SiH3, -OH, -CN and –F. It is found that the position of substituent is decisive in C-Si bond polarity as well as the reactivity of silenes and π-donating substituents can significantly control the reactive nature of silenes.
TSMFPMSM: Design of a Temporal Sentiment analysis Model for identification of Fake Profiles from Multimodal Social Media interfaces
Authors: BHRUGUMALLA L V S ADITYA , Mohanty Sachi Nandan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The growing number of fake profiles on social media has made it necessary to develop intelligent models for identifying and removing them. This study proposes a novel approach for identifying fake profiles using temporal sentiment analysis. The model collects large datasets from various social media platforms, which are then processed using an ensemble sentiment analysis engine. This produces temporal sentiment patterns, which are used to train a 1D Convolutional Neural Network (1D CNN) for the efficient identification of fake profiles. The model is based on the theory that the data communicated by fake users always converges, and was observed to improve fake-profile detection accuracy by 5.9% with higher precision and recall compared to standard methods. This proposed model can be applied to multimodal social media interfaces.
Association of balance impairment with risk of incident cardiovascular diseases among older adults
Authors: Kim Hye Jun , Jeong Seogsong , Seo Ji Young , Oh Yun Hwan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Rapid decline in balance is a hallmark of aging, elevating the risk of falls and other age-related geriatric illnesses among older adults.
Objective: Our aim was to assess whether impairment in balance function is associated with the risk of incident CVD in older adults.
Design: Retrospective cohort analysis
Participants: A total of 129,024 participants who had undergone health screening between 2002 and 2009 were derived the National Health Insurance Service-Senior.
Main Measures: Balance impairment was evaluated using the open-eyes one-leg standing (OLS) test. The association between balance impairment and incident CVD was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. All participants were followed up with until either the date of the first incident of CVD, death, or 31 December 2019.
Key Results: Those with abnormal balance function (<10 seconds in OLS test) had a higher risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.23, CI 1.16-1.31). The association was significant in both the obese and the non-obese, but it seemed to be more pronounced in the latter. Results were supported by sensitivity analyses that did not include cases of CVD development in the first 1, 2, or 3 years and that used a different criterion to define balance dysfunction (<9 seconds in OLS test).
Conclusions: Older adults with balance impairment were found to have an increased risk of incident CVD. Patients with impaired balance function may be a high-risk population who require preventive managements against CVD.
Perceived benefits and barriers to exercise and associated factors among Zimbabwean undergraduate students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shava Beatrice K. , Vhudzijena Blessed , Kupenga-Maposa Tariro , Musingwini Thelma , Samudzi Tanaka , Muchemwa Sidney , Chibanda Dixon , Dambi Jermaine M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: Despite the well-documented benefits of regular physical activity (PA), many university students are physically inactive. Multiple factors, including perceived barriers and benefits and environmental factors (e.g., availability of exercise facilities), predict PA engagement behaviours in university students. This study primarily evaluated the barriers and facilitators to PA engagement in Zimbabwean undergraduate students using the Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale. We also evaluated the correlates of exercise barriers and benefits to PA levels, mental health disorders and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We recruited 465 university students. Data were analysed through descriptive statistics and logistic regression using SPSS Version 27.
Results: The mean perceived benefits and barriers to PA were 95±11.4 and 28.6±5.4, respectively. The most perceived benefits were in the physical performance and life enhancement domains, while lack of exercise infrastructure and physical exertion were the most perceived barriers. Food insecurity and the risk of CMDS were associated with increased odds of experiencing barriers to exercise. Not using substances and a higher self-rated HRQoL were associated with increased odds of a high perception of exercise benefits. It is needful to improve access to on-campus exercise facilities and campus-wide health promotional interventions to enhance PA amongst university students.
Estimation of Correlation Confidence Intervals Via the Bootstrap: Non-Normal Distributions
Authors: DelosReyes John Mart V. , Padilla Miguel A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConfidence intervals (CIs) for the correlation were investigated with interest on how bootstrap CIs perform with non-normal distribution pairings across correlation magnitudes. The bootstrap CIs had acceptable performance if one of the variables was normal or if sample size was greater than 200 if the paired variables were non-normal.
Prognostic model and immunomicroenvironment analysis of combined thyroid and breast cancer in females based on cuproptosis related miRNA
Authors: Zheng Jun , Tian Yingliu , Zhang Yongfei , Lu Ye , Shi Xiang rong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that breast cancer and thyroid cancer are more common in females . Among them, the incidence of breast cancer in the female cancer research ranks first. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy in women. cuproptosis is a new type of programmed cell death discovered recently. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of cuproptosis related miRNA (CRM) in female breast and thyroid cancers and to explore potential associations between the two cancers.
Methods：
We extracted transcriptomic data and clinicopathological features of women with THCA and BRCA from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate Cox regression and LASSO analysis were used to establish the prognostic characteristics of CRM. In order to verify the accuracy of the model, Kaplan-Meyer (K-M) and transient receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis were used. We drew a column graph that included clinical features and miRNA features to refine the prediction of the patient prognosis model. Finally, we performed immunoinfiltration correlation analysis.
Results：
In this study, we constructed a prognostic profile of CRM containing 15 miRNAs. This CRM feature was an independent predictor of overall survival. In addition, risk score was a better independent prognostic factor than traditional clinicopathological features. The correlation and differentiation analysis of immune invasion found a strong positive correlation among immune cells such as aDCs and DCs, while Macrophages showed significant differences among the risk group. The study revealed that there was strong positive correlation between immune functions such as APC co stimulation and Check-point. Furthermore, indicators of APC co inhibition, APC co stimulation, Check-point, and Inflammation-promoting showed significant differences between risk groups. Based on risk score and immune score, we finally screened out 6 differential expression genes (DEGs) : such as PCOLCE, SV2C. These DEGs were significantly correlated with one or more immune cells and their functions during immune invasion.
Conclusion：
CRM features can be used as novel biomarkers to predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer and thyroid cancer, and to predict the clinical outcome and treatment response of patients, thus providing basic insights for further research.
Genetic diversity and differentiation of South African cactus pear cultivars (Opuntia spp.) based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
Authors: Modise Tsholofelo Jastina , Maleka Mathabatha Frank , Fouché Herman , Coetzer Gesine M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. is one of the most recognisable agricultural crops that can withstand harsh environmental conditions. South Africa is one of the few countries that hosts a large germplasm of Opuntia cultivars that represent an ex-situ conservation population. However, little is known about the genetic diversity in this population. Additionally, some genotypes are morphologically indistinct, and therefore, making it a challenge for novice farmers and researchers to recognise specimens in the germplasm. The current study aimed to differentiate and measure the genetic diversity in 44 cultivars that represent the South African Opuntia germplasm using eight SSR markers. Evidently, the cultivars comprised moderate levels of diversity (average polymorphic information content, PIC = 0.37, Nei’s unbiased gene diversity = 0.42) that discriminated 90% of the cultivars. Analysis of the cultivars with the unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) method revealed three main clusters, whereas principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed indistinct clustering of cultivars based on their usage in the agricultural market. Overall, the used SSR markers were able to distinguish most cultivars in the South African Opuntia germplasm – a genetic resource that appears to hold sufficient genetic diversity to aid the conservation and breeding of novel cultivars for the agriculture market.
Prospective QTc interval monitoring avoids cardiac toxicity of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 patients: a cohort study
Authors: Nathalie Layios , Florian Beck , Didier Ledoux , Jean-Luc Canivet 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose

During the first wave of the SARS-Cov2 pandemic, the use of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin raised safety concerns in terms of arrhythmias related to QT segment prolongation. The aim of this observational, prospective, single-center study was to describe cardiovascular events in critically ill patients who were mechanically ventilated for SARS-Cov2 pneumonia.

Methods

Patients included were prospectively monitored for QTc segment prolongation when treated with the association of hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin for Covid-19 pneumonia and treatment had to be stopped before QTc ≤ 500ms.

Results

23 patients were prospectively included. Treatment had to be interrupted in 43.5% of patients and more often in the combination group. None of the patients displayed torsade de pointes or sudden cardiac arrest. Forty percent of patients in the combination group experienced atrial fibrillation. Cardiac Troponin I was elevated in 70% of all patients without electric signs of ischemia.

Conclusion

The association of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin for treatment of Covid-19 pneumonia mandates the need for prospective evaluation of QTc especially in the presence of biological myocardial injury.
The Institutional Review Board waived the need for consent to use prospectively collected clinical data and the study was appointed the serial number 2020-214.