bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating an objective orthodontics index in order to screen body dysmorphic disorder, a case-control study in orthodontic patients
Authors: Omidvar Tehrani S. , Talaei A. , Farzanegan F. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionRecently, orthognathic surgeries have gained popularity in orthodontics settings. The perception of body image is a driving force in individuals who seek orthodontic treatments. Therefore, the clinician should be suspicious of underlying psychological conditions, namely body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Indices like the “index of complexity, outcome, and need” (ICON) in orthodontics not only objectively determine malocclusion traits but also consider the influence of subjective beauty perspectives.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess if dentists can use an objective orthodontics index in order to screen for and detect BDD among their patients.MethodsThis case-control study was conducted in the Faculty of Dentistry at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. In total, 414 women were recruited between January 2019 and April 2020. After determining the ICON index, applicants filled out a demographic questionnaire, the Beck depression inventory (BDI II), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS).ResultsIn total, 31 (15%) cases in the orthodontics group and 21 (10.1%) subjects in the control group had a score of 20 or higher on the BDD-YBOCS (p=0.182). Moreover, there was no significant difference between groups in the mean BDD-YBOCS (p=0.184), BAI (p=0.163), and BDI-II (p=0.147). However, a statistically significant difference was found between the orthodontics patients and controls in the mean ICON index score (p<0.001). No correlation was found between the severity of ICON and BDD-YBOCS scores in all participants (p=0.804), cases (p=0.655), nor controls (p=0.403).ConclusionsObjective indices such as ICON were not able to screen for BDD. Furthermore, BDD has an increased prevalence in patients seeking orthodontic treatments. Orthodontists should look for BDD features in patients during the first visit by careful history taking and can benefit from utilizing the BDD-YBOCS survey as a screening tool in patients who are suspected of having BDD while referring the individuals who have higher scores to psychiatrists for further clinical evaluations.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Working with migrants and refugees - Ethical principles and dilemmas in psychiatry
Authors: Schouler-Ocak M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMore than 100 million people are forcibly displaced including refugees, internally displaced persons and asylum seekers who have fled their homes to escape violence, conflict, and persecution. The vulnerable group of refugees and forcibly displaced people have a high burden of mental disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, idioms of distress, and prolonged-grief disorder, which are highly related to the load of traumatic circumstances surrounding refugees associated with human rights abuses, lack of human needs, and separation from others and many refugees are severely traumatized and suffer a variety of symptoms, and not all seek help. Their mental health problems are of emergency nature place a huge burden upon services which are difficult to deliver. This implies that mental health professionals and patients are more likely than ever to come from different cultural backgrounds. To have access to mental health care is often a challenge for them and most of them do not seek help. Unfortunately, these vulnerable groups are not treated equally according to ethical principles of mental health professionals. This presentation will focus on these dilemmas and discuss them.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Orthorexia and perceived stress by medical students: which association?
Authors: Jbir R. , Masmoudi R. , Abdelkefi M. , Guermazi F. , Feki I. , Sellami R. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionOrthorexia is a neuotic behavior characterized by an obsession with healthy eating. This trend is growing among medical students; it may be related to the stress experienced by these young people.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of orthorexic eating behaviors among medical students in Tunisia and to examine the relationship with perceived stress.MethodsOur study was descriptive and analytical cross-sectional, carried out with medical students in the faculty of medicine of sfax (Tunisia) during October 2022.An anonymous survey was asked to the students.Data collection was done by a self-administered questionnaire via Google Forms administered in the students’ Facebook groups. The questionnaire was composed of a part for the collection of socio-demographic data and two psychometric scales :-The ORTO-15 was used to assess orthorexia- Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to determine the level of stressResultsAtotal of 95 responses was collected.The average age of our samplewas 25.8±3.4 with sex ratio M/F=0,25.Tobacco and alcohol usewere found in 14.7% and 13.6% of casesrespectively.A psychiatric history was reported by 17.9% of students, 76.5% of whom are anxiety disorders.Average body mass index was 23.64 ± 3.53 kg/m2. More than half (58%)of the students were dissatisfied with their feed. In our sample, 8.4% of students have already consulted a nutritionist and 58.9% regularly practiced sport at gym.According to the ORTO 15, 52.6% of the students presented orthorexia. The mean score of the ORTO-15 was 39.19±4.48.According to PSS scores, 21.1% of students had severe level of stress, 69.5% had moderate stress level while 9.5% had low level of stress.Severe stress was significantly correlated with female gender and psychiatric follow (p=0.047), (p=0.001) respectively.Orthorexia was significantly correlated with the practice of sport (p=0.042).Orthorexics students had a higher level of stress without significant correlations.ConclusionsOur study showed significant frequencies of orthorexia and a considerable level of stress among medical students. A high level of stress was observed in these orthorexic students. Further studies should be conducted to better investigate this relationship in order to promote student mental healthDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Epidemiological, clinical, and forensic approach to a series of defendants examined in criminal psychiatric expertise
Authors: Kacem M. , Bouali W. , Abdelaziz M. , Brahim S. , Zarrouk L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe transgression of the law can be a deliberate act by a lucid adult, but it can also be the result of a deficiency in judgment and discernment due to lack of age or insanity. Psychiatric expertises are more and more solicited in the penal field with the objective of identifying the causal link between mental illness and the criminal act.ObjectivesThe objective of this work was to give an overview of the subjects expertised, the offences and the pathologies encountered through the report of a psychiatric expertise activity in criminal law.MethodsIt is a retrospective descriptive study carried out on the criminal psychiatric expertises made for a forensic act in the psychiatric department of Mahdia during the period from January 1, 2003 to March 30, 2022.ResultsIn total, we collected 101 defendants. The average age of our study population was 35±12.07 years. The majority of our study sample was male (98%), from an urban area (50%). 46.6% had primary education and only 11.2% had higher education.The defendants were single in 57.8% of the cases, and almost half (45.7%) had no occupation. Two-thirds of the accused (61.2%) had experienced emotional deprivation at a young age. The problematic use of psychoactive substances was found in 10.3%, as well as alcohol consumption in 46.6%. Moreover, 39.7% of the patients had a personal psychiatric history and 19% had been incarcerated at least once. The forensic acts were mostly against people (62.9%) dominated by physical aggression (33.6%) followed by homicide or its attempt in 19% of the cases.
The majority of patients were not related to their victims (62.1%). The nosographic diagnosis found was a personality disorder in 32.75% of cases, followed by schizophrenic disorders in 22.4% of cases.ConclusionsPsychiatric expertise is a useful, complex and noble clinical act. Determining the predictive factors of a possible acting out allows to specify the objectives of interventions aiming at limiting the acts of violence, hospitalizations and incarcerations of patients suffering from mental disorders.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A mixed-methods investigation into impact of motivation type on adherence and effect in iCBT for binge eating disorder
Authors: Holmberg T. T. , Sainte-Marie M. , Jensen E. K. , Runge E. , Linnet J. , Lichtenstein M. B. , Tarp K. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMotivation is an important factor in therapy and potentially even more so in an online setting. Earlier research shows that more autonomously motivated patients have better outcomes and completion rates than more controlled motivated patients´. However, little is known about how motivation type influences treatment effect in an online setting and in patients with binge eating disorder specifically.ObjectivesThis study set out to investigate how motivation type as per the Self-Determination Theory would affect treatment adherence and effect in a sample of 148 patients, undergoing an Internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) for BED.MethodsThe study was mixed-methods. A sample of 148 patients gave two written qualitative statements regarding their motivation for seeking treatment and reasons for choosing online therapyThe statements were transformed into quantitative units via the condensation method. The themes were categorized according to the model by Ryan and Deci based on level of autonomy and perceived locus of causality.This was compared with completion rate and outcomes on eating disorder symptomatology. Completion was designated into three groups. Low adherers - less than six sessions (n=54), high adherers – between 7 and 10 sessions (n =56) and full adherers - 10 session plus follow up (n=37).The effect of the treatment was measured via the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ) and Binge Eating Disorder Questionnaire (BEDQ).ResultsTable 1shows the distribution of patients’ motivational types regarding therapy aimsControlled→AutonomousMotivational type:IntrojectionIntrojectionIdentificationIntegrationPatient motivation:ShameWeight lossPsychologicalstressInsightIn allIn all25255048148Table 2shows the distribution of patients´motivational types regarding online treatmentControlled→AutonomousMotivational type:IntrojectionIntrojectionIdentificationIntegrationPatient motivation:ExternalAvoidanceConvenienceReflectionIn AllIn all31218115148Table 3shows the results from morivational types in each setting on BEDQ and EDEQ scores. No significant correlation was found.Therapy AimsBEDQ0.92EDEQ0.51Why Online TherapyBEDQ0.99EDEQ0.23ConclusionsPerceived locus of causality and level of autonomy, did not affect level of adherence or outcome of treatment in either setting. This unexpected result may suggest that internet-based therapy is less dependent on motivation types, when comparing with face-to-face treatment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cognitive disorders with epilepsy: clinical-psychopathological and neuropsychological characteristics, non-pharmacological correction
Authors: Korostiy V. , Blazhyna I. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCognitive dysfunction affects the development, treatment compliance, significantly worsens the quality of life and social functioning of the patients with epilepsy.Objectives146 patients with epilepsy aged 18 to 65 participated in the study (М-40.7±2.42) were diagnosed with focal, idiopathic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes (G40.1, G40.2, G40).MethodsClinical-anamnestic, social-demographic, clinical-psychopathological, psycho-diagnostic and statistical.ResultsThe study of the attention selectivity was carried out using the Munsterberg test. Only 9 examined patients (6.16%) of the total group had sufficient indices, 35 (23.97%) patients refused from the test, while the rest – 102 (69.87%) had low test results. The overall treatment group score was 7.72, which is by 13.28 lower than in the control group, where the attention selectivity index was 21 (р<0,001), which shows a considerable attention selectivity decrease in patients with epilepsy compared to the healthy persons. According to the МоСА test results, the first treatment group patients showed better cognitive functions (1.4, р<0.001), higher attention selectivity under the Munsterberg test (0.63, р<0.001), lower anxiety level under HARS (1.45, р<0.001), lower depression level under HDRS (1.7, р<0.001) and higher subjective assessment of the life quality (2.77, р<0.05). According to the МоСА test results, the second treatment group patients showed better cognitive functions (0.73, р<0.001), higher attention selectivity under the Munsterberg test (0.27, р<0,05), lower anxiety level under HARS (4.27, р<0.05), lower depression level under HDRS (2.32, р<0.05) and higher subjective assessment of the life quality (1.21, р<0.05). According to the МоСА test results, the comparison group patients demonstrated lower cognitive functions (0.22, р<0.05), higher attention selectivity under the Munsterberg test (0.15, р<0.05), lower anxiety level under HARS (2.61, р<0.001), lower depression level under HDRS (2.49, р<0.001) and higher subjective assessment of the life quality (1.0, р<0.05). The cognitive training showed its effectiveness in healthy persons of the control group: according to the МоСА test results, cognitive functions improved (0.79, р<0.001), compared to the treatment group 2 patients (0.73, р<0.001).ConclusionsAccording to the follow-up study data 12 months after the cognitive training and psychoeducation, follow-up study showed better values under depression and anxiety scales, and improved life quality levels in the patients of treatment groups. Patients with epilepsy show a reliable cognitive functioning improvement after a 3-month computerized cognitive training. The study results indicate a more significant cognitive functioning improvement in the patients provided the combined use of the methods of psychoeducation and cognitive training, compared to the use of a cognitive training only.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Factors Associated With Altmetric Attention Scores for Randomized Phase III Cancer Clinical Trials
Authors: Rooney Michael K. , Sharifi Bahareh , Ludmir Ethan B. , Fuller Clifton D. , Warner Jeremy L. 
Published: August 2023

PURPOSE Altmetric Attention Scores (Altmetrics) are real-time measures of scientific impact and attention through various public outlets, including news, blogs, and social media. Herein, we aimed to describe and characterize the relationship between Altmetrics, conventional impact metrics, and features of published cancer clinical trials. METHODS We identified two-arm phase III cancer randomized clinical trials with a superiority end point and publication date between 2015 and 2020 from HemOnc and tabulated the following data: Altmetric, study positivity, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) registration trial status, cancer site/category, treatment context (curative or palliative), trial design, primary end point type, experimental/control arm modality, and journal tier. We further collected conventional bibliometrics including the number of citations and relative citation ratio (RCR) for all published studies. Multiple linear regression modeling identified clinical trial factors predictive of Altmetrics, with alpha = .05 defining statistical significance. RESULTS Altmetrics were found for 681 (98%) of 698 publications, with a median score of 38.5 (IQR, 13-132.8). FDA registration studies (β [95% CI], 84.7 [48.8 to 120.6]; P < .001), studies reporting on curative (as opposed to palliative) interventions (–29 [–53.7 to –4.4]; P = .02), genitourinary trials (73.2 [28.1 to 118.2]; P = .001), studies published in tier 1 journals ( P < .001), and those with an increased number of citations per year (0.81 [0.66 to 0.95]; P < .001) were significantly associated with increased engagement as measured by Altmetrics. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between all collected bibliometrics and Altmetrics ( R2 = 0.63, 0.68, and 0.67; P < .001 for citation count, citations per year, and RCR, respectively). CONCLUSION FDA registration trials describing curative interventions, studies published in traditionally defined high-impact journals, and genitourinary trial publications tend to have the greatest Altmetrics. We observed a strong relationship between Altmetrics and conventional bibliometrics. The significance and consequences of these relationships warrant further investigation.
A retrospective study on complications associated with prone positioning during mechanical ventilation in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Beecham Gabriel , Mason Sabina , Smeaton Terry , Kelly Ian , Alfares Mohammad , Byrne Nicky , Rakovac Ana , Doolan Aoife , Donnelly Maria , Kelly Yvelynne P. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Prone ventilation is now widely recommended and implemented for critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Despite its effectiveness, proning is associated with potential complications. The aim of our study was to describe the range of complications encountered during prone ventilation of adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 and to identify associated risk factors for these complications. Methods: This was a single centre retrospective observational study carried out in the intensive care unit (ICU) in Tallaght University Hospital, an academic tertiary referral hospital, between March and June 2020. We included all adult patients admitted to the ICU with laboratory-confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 who were treated with invasive mechanical ventilation and prone positioning on at least one occasion. Our primary analysis was a multivariable Poisson regression model used to evaluate whether predictor variables were independently associated with a significantly increased total number of complications related to proning. Results: A total of 17 patients were eligible for inclusion. The median number of proning sessions per patient was four with a median time of 17 hours. The most common complications noted were skin ulcers in 15/17 (88.2%) patients and neurological complications in 12/17 (70.6%) patients. In a multivariable Poisson regression model, only diabetes mellitus was independently associated with an increased total number of proning complications. Conclusions: In this single centre retrospective observational study, 88% of patients suffered complications associated with prone positioning during their ICU stay with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonitis. Diabetes mellitus was independently associated with a significantly increased total number of proning complications. Adequate staff education and training is essential to ensure that this treatment can be provided safely for those who need it.
The relationship between hypothyroidism and physical exercise: impact on exercise tolerance and health
Authors: Schok Katarzyna , Jasek Jakub , Wiejak Katarzyna , Skoczylas Kamila , Mikulska Julia , Rokicki Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common disorder among patients and it is well known that individuals with hypothyroidism often have lower tolerance for physical activity. However, regular exercise can have a positive impact on health and quality of life of these patients.
Objective: The aim of this work is to review the relationship between hypothyroidism and physical activity, including the potential benefits of physical exercise for individuals with hypothyroidism, as well as the factors that may limit exercise tolerance in this population.
Method: A literature review was conducted on databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar using terms „hypothyroidism”, „physical exercise”, „exercise tolerance”, „quality of life”, „thyroid function”.
Results: People with hypothyroidism engage in sports less frequently, which may be due to the influence of hypothyroidism on the lungs, heart and muscles, which can cause impaired exercise tolerance. However, physical exercise in individuals with hypothyroidism may have a positive impact on thyroid function, depressive states and cognitive functions.
Conclusions: Studies suggest that exercise can have positive effects on thyroid function, mood and symptoms of depression in patients with hypothyroidism. Therefore, incorporating regular physical activity into the management of hypothyroidism can be an important strategy for improving health outcomes in these patients.
Influence of lifestyle on the course of endometriosis
Authors: Szlendak Paula , Winiarz Aleksandra , Turek Michał , Toś Katarzyna , Drobek Dominik , Wojtala Kacper , Grosman Sylwia , Wokurka Wojciech , Węgrzyniak Agata , Wąsala Katarzyna 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Endometriosis is considered a chronic disease, which significantly worsens the quality of life of women suffering from it. So far, the pathogenesis has not been clarified, and therefore no causal treatment has been invented. A number of pharmacological substances are available, however, they are mainly classified as symptomatic treatment. Patients are looking for all kinds of therapies, including alternative ones, e.g. modification of diet and physical activity.
Aim of the study: A review of current research on the pathogenesis of endometriosis, recommended forms of treatment, as well as the impact of individual nutrients and physical activity on the development and course of endometriosis.
Material and method: The review covers publications published in 2018-2023. The search for publications in the Pubmed electronic database was carried out using the following keywords: endometriosis, treatment, diet, anti-inflammatory diet.
Description of the state of knowledge: Most of the analyzed studies indicate the complexity of the pathogenesis of endometriosis, and therefore also the treatment. In addition, the literature has shown that substances such as vitamin D, curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins C and E, as well as physical activity, can have a positive impact on the development, severity of symptoms, and the quality of life of patients with endometriosis.
Summary: The best forms of diagnosis and pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of endometriosis are sought. A number of medicinal substances are available, but they still do not allow patients to be cured. Studies show that modifying the diet and introducing individual nutrients can also have a positive effect on the course and treatment of endometriosis. It is necessary to conduct further studies evaluating the pathogenesis, methods of treatment of endometriosis, as well as the impact of lifestyle modifications on it.