bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literacy, but not memory, is associated with hippocampal connectivity in illiterate adults
Authors: Resende Elisa de Paula França , Lara Vivian P. , Santiago Ana Luisa C. , Friedlaender Clarisse V. , Rosen Howard J. , Brown Jesse A. , Cobigo Yann , Silva Lênio L. G. , de Souza Leonardo Cruz , Rincon Luciana , Grinberg Lea T. , Maciel Francisca I.P. , Caramelli Paulo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The influence of hippocampal connectivity on memory performance is well established in individuals with high educational attainment. However, the role of hippocampal connectivity in illiterate populations remains poorly understood.
Methods
Thirty-five illiterate adults were administered a literacy assessment (Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults - TOFHLA), structural and resting state functional MRI and an episodic memory test (Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test). Illiteracy was defined as a TOFHLA score below 53. We evaluated the correlation between hippocampal connectivity at rest and both free recall and literacy scores.
Results
Participants were mostly female (57.1%) and Black (84.8%), with a median age of 50 years. The median TOFHLA literacy score was 28.0 [21.0;42.5] out of 100 points and the median free recall score was 30.0 [26.2;35] out of 48 points. The median gray matter volume of both the left and right hippocampi was 2.3 [2.1; 2.4] cm3. We observed a significant connectivity between both hippocampi and the precuneus and the ventral medial prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, the right hippocampal connectivity positively correlated with the literacy scores (β = 0.58, p = 0.008). There was no significant association between episodic memory and hippocampal connectivity. Neither memory nor literacy scores correlated with hippocampal gray matter volume.
Conclusions
Low literacy levels correlate with hippocampal connectivity in illiterate adults. The lack of association with memory scores might be associated with low brain reserve in illiterate adults.
Effect of betulinic acid nanoparticles activating CB2 receptor on microglial polarization in ischemic brain injury
Authors: guo yujia , Tian Qi , Zhang Zhan , Liu Chengli , Li Yong , Zhu Xinyi , Wang Guijun , He Peibang , Wang Jianfeng , Yang Chen , Han Wenrui , Deng Gang , Li Mingchang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and permanent disability worldwide. Microglia, as the brain-resident immune cells, play a biphasic role in ischemic stroke depending on its polarization toward M1 or M2 phenotype. Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural bioactive molecule with the potential to active CB2 receptor on microglia and promote its M2 polarization. Herein, we set to explore the regulation of self-assembled BA nanoparticles (BA NPs) on CB2 receptor mediated microglial polarization after brain ischemia. The in vitro studies showed that BA could regulate the polarization of BV2 micorglia treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which could be blocked by CB2 inhibitor. For in vivo studies, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model mice receiving self-assembled BA NPs had the least infarct volume and neurological deficit, which could be reversed by CB2 inhibitor. Moreover, microglia at ischemic site were polarized into M2 phenotype after treatment with BA NPs. Our results demonstrates that BA nanoparticles can significantly regulate the M1/M2 polarization of microglia by activating CB2 signal in ischemic stroke.
A model of mountain socio-ecological systems to catalyze multi-actor collaborations towards sustainability
Authors: Cristofari Hélène , Asse Daphne , Chanteloup Laine , Guisan Antoine , Otero Iago , Reynard Emmanuel , Urbach Davnah , Randin Christophe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Addressing sustainability challenges in mountains requires multi-actorcollaboration and interdisciplinarity. Yet, such processes of knowledge co-creation need to account for the existence of diverse representations of mountain socio-ecological systems amongst actors. We build on literature and picture-based interviews with local actors to first explore and describe the potential diversity of representations of mountain social-ecological systems and subsequently develop a conceptual model of such systems that can help actors acknowledge and share their representations. In this model, which integrates the human and natural components, as well as their interactions, the human component is further refined with five personal stance components. These component help describe how individuals position themselves with respect to the system in the specific context of mountains. We use the example of alpine tourism management to illustrate how the model and these components help to achieve a holistic understanding of the factors at stake for different acctors involved in the management of mountain regions.
Pediatric Hydrocephalus in Brazil Public Health System: the Reality of a Developing Country in the Past 13 Years
Authors: Filho Leonardo de Macedo , Mansouri Alireza , Sarigul Buse , Diogenes Ana Vitoria , Kacem Caio , Torquato Gustavo , Andrade Patricia , Rizk Elias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE
Pediatric hydrocephalus is a significant challenge in neurosurgery, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study focuses on the landscape of pediatric hydrocephalus neurosurgery in Brazil, a developing country, over the past 13 years.
METHODS
Data were collected from the Brazilian Hospital Information System, Live Birth Information System, and Mortality Information System records in the DATASUS (Departamento de Informática do SUS) database among January 2008 and the July 2021. Various health indicators were analyzed, including hospitalizations, treatment options, costs, and mortality rates.
RESULTS
During the period of study, Brazil recorded 8,493 new diagnoses of congenital hydrocephalus in live births, with 1,123 cases associated with spina bifida. The prevalence of congenital hydrocephalus was 241 cases per 100,000 live births, and 210 cases per 100,000 live births were attributed to congenital hydrocephalus not related to spina bifida. A total of 730 perinatal mortality cases related to congenital hydrocephalus were reported, with no clear trend over the 12-year period. The average number of perinatal mortality cases was 60.83 ± 13.98 per year. There were 1,063 infant mortality cases associated with hydrocephalus and 3,122 cases associated with congenital hydrocephalus, with no clear trend observed. The highest mortality rates for both diagnoses occurred between 3 to 5 months of age. Ethnicity and age were found to have significant relationships with mortality rates. A total of 217,900 hydrocephalus-related procedures were performed, with an increase in mean hospitalization cost and procedure numbers over the 13-year period. Mean cost per procedure had a significant negative effect on mean length of stay, while average professionals' salary did not have a significant effect.
CONCLUSION
Pediatric hydrocephalus in Brazil's public health system is a significant burden. Congenital hydrocephalus prevalence and mortality rates emphasize the need for better diagnosis and treatment. Early diagnosis, prenatal care, and adequate resources are crucial. This study offers insights into pediatric hydrocephalus in a developing country, highlighting challenges and future directions for improved care.
Polymorphic Analysis of Genes PADI4 (rs2240340, rs1748033) and HLA-DRB1 (rs2395175) in Arthritis Patients in Pakistani Populations
Authors: Bashir Kashif , Chaudhary Ayesha , Aslam Mehwish , Fatima Ishrat , Sarwar Romana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Gene are an important factor for the initiation of any disease which has a family history. Many genes are associated with RA other than environmental factors. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the association of genes PADI4 (rs2240340, rs1748033) and HLA-DRB1 (rs2395175) polymorphisms in RA patients from population of Punjab, Pakistan. Blood samples of RA patients were collected from different hospitals of Sargodha. DNA was extracted, followed by PCR. Polymorphic analysis was performed in 300 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 300 healthy controls. PADI4 (rs2240340, rs1748033) and HLA-DRB1 (rs2395175). In PADI4 gene, both homozygous mutant genotype (TT) and heterozygous (CT) of SNP rs2240340 showed significant association by increasing the risk of RA upto 2 folds (OR = 2.55; 95% CI = 1.57–4.15; p = 0.0002). In case of rs1748033 polymorphism, homozygous mutant genotype (TT) showed significant association with RA with increasing risk of disease up to 3- folds (OR = 3.46; 95% CI = 1.97–6.07; p = 0.0001), while heterozygous genotype (CT) of the same SNP showed significant association with RA by playing a protective role (OR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.36–0.91; p = 0.0197). In HLA-DRB1 gene, homozygous mutant genotype (GG) of SNP rs2395175 showed no significant association with RA, while heterozygous genotype (AG) of the same SNP showed significant association with RA by playing a protective role (OR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.27–0.71; p = 0.0009). Conclusions: Highly significance association of genes PADI4 (rs2240340, rs1748033) and HLA-DRB1 (rs2395175) polymorphisms with RA was observed in Pakistani population.
Traffic Signal Prediction Based on ANFIS and Metaheuristic Algorithms Applied to a Vissim-Based Simulated Intersection
Authors: SHAHKAR AMIR , Oruc Şeref , yelghi Aref 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Traffic signs are among the most important traffic equipment that are used in urban and non-urban areas and their purpose is to increase road volume and reduce delays while ensuring safe movement. Over the years, due to the growing trend of car production and car use, which has increased urban and road traffic, traffic signs have increased and become more diverse and efficient. One of these traffic control methods at intersections is the use of traffic signal scheduling techniques, which despite the advantages of this method has a major drawback, and that is that due to the dynamic behavior of traffic, this method has issues in predicting traffic signal timing especially in times of peak traffic. Designing appropriate green times for traffic signal lights with Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) technique in traffic signal controller is a feasible solution to tackle this issue in urban network congestion during peak hours. The capability to learn from experience is one of the specifications of ANFIS that makes these techniques appropriate to mention genuine universe challenges. ANFIS Traffic Signal Controller is used to control the traffic density of an intersection so that it can reduce the queue length and latency to the minimum optimal time expected. ANFIS Traffic Controller is an intelligent controller with automatic learning sets the appropriate green time for each phase of the traffic light at the beginning of the phase, and the system generally depends on traffic information. The controller uses metaheuristic algorithms to tune ANFIS parameters during learning time. The first part of this article concerns the simulation of an isolated intersection in a VISSIM simulator, for the generation of the new phase distribution of it (optimum cycle). In the second part, ANFIS with metaheuristic algorithms is modelized and applied to the VISSIM simulated intersection. In the modelized system, for training and testing phases, 90 samples of newly generated data sets from VISSIM, and 40 others were considered respectively. By tuning the parameters using metaheuristic algorithms, we tried to increase the accuracy of the ANFIS network prediction to demonstrate the high performance of the ANFIS network in predicting and controlling traffic in intersections. The predicting system uses real-time data to predict the signal time. Results of the analysis demonstrated that our predictor system with ANFIS-GA indicates better predicts in comparison to ANFIS-PSO and ANFIS-HS. The predictor system presented a total and Relative Mean Square Error of 2.9619 and 8.4215 in the train set and 4.2209 and 11.8501 in the test respectively. The designed prediction model in the field of complex data showed an acceptable level of reliability and flexibility.
Riparian forest restoration as sources of biodiversity and ecosystem functions in anthropogenic landscapes
Authors: Antonini Yasmine , Beirão Marina V. , Costa Fernanda V. , Azevedo Cristiano S. , Wojakowski Maria M. , Kozovits Alessandra R. , Pires Maria Rita S. , Sousa Hildeberto C. , Messias Maria Cristina T. B. , Fujaco Maria Augusta , Leite Mariangela G. P. , Vidigal Joice P. , Monteiro Graziella F. , Dirzo Rodolfo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
1. Restoration of tropical riparian forests is challenging, since these ecosystems are the most diverse, dynamic, and complex physical and biological terrestrial habitats. This study tested whether biodiversity can predict ecosystem functions in a human-impacted tropical riparian forest. 2. We explored the effects of several biodiversity components (taxonomic or functional groups) on different ecosystem functions associated with restored riparian forests 3. Overall, 49% of the biodiversity components showed positive effects on ecosystem functions, each component to a different degree. In general, our results showed that both taxonomic and functional biodiversity had strong effects on ecosystem functions indicating that floral and faunal biodiversity enhanced the multifunctionality of these restored riparian tropical forests. 4. These findings indicate that in restored riparian forests, recovery of biodiversity is followed by improvement in important ecosystem functions that are the basis for successful restoration. Future research and policy for restoration programs must focus on restoring elementary faunal and floral components of biodiversity in order to promote ecosystem multifunctionality.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Ctenophthalmus quadratus and Stenischia humilis in China provides insights into fleas phylogeny
Authors: Chen Bin , Liu Ya-Fang , Lu Xin-Yan , Jiang Dan-Dan , Wang Xuan , Zhang Quan-Fu , Yang Guo-Ping , Yang Xing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFleas (Order Siphonaptera) are a common blood-feeding ectoparasites, which have important economic significance. Limited mitochondrial genome information has extremely impeded the study of flea biology, population genetics and phylogenetics. TheCtenophthalmus quadratusandStenischia humiliscomplete mt genomes are described in this study.MethodsC. quadratusandS. humiliswere collected from Jianchuan, Yunnan plague foci, China. The mt genome sequences were obtained by Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. The relationship betweenC. quadratusandS. humilisin fleas was inferred by phylogenetic analysis of mt genome sequence datasets.ResultsThe mt genomes ofC. quadratusandS. humiliswere 15,938 bp and 15,617 bp, respectively. The gene arrangement of mt genome was consistent with that of other fleas, which contain 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes and two rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analyses showed that theC. quadratusandS. humilisbelonged to different species in the same family, and were closely related toHystrichopsylla weida qinlingensisin the same family; and showed a sister relationship between the orders Siphonaptera and Mecoptera, supporting the monophyly of the order Siphonaptera.ConclusionsThis study is the first to decode the complete mt genomes of theC. quadratusandS. humilis. The results demonstrate that theC. quadratusandS. humilisare distinct species, and fleas are monophyletic. Analysis of mt genome provides novel molecular data for further studying the phylogeny and evolution of fleas.
Low-temperature and Efficient Crosslinking of Lyocell Knitted Fabric with an Eco-friendly Diepoxy Agent for Fibrillation Resistance
Authors: Li Xue , Fang Kuanjun , Shi Lujian , Xue Zhen , Feng Baohua , Zheng Qiumeng , Xiao Zhangcao , Xie Ruyi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Lyocell fiber is a low-carbon fiber and has many remarkable characteristics, which makes it a good application prospect in the future. However, lyocell fiber is prone to fibrillate under wet friction conditions. This work aimed to prepare lyocell fabric with low fibrillation tendency by an eco-friendly, low-temperature and efficient crosslinking method. Here, the N1, N6-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)hexane-1,6-diamine crosslinked with lyocell fabric to achieve fibrination resistance. The dosage of crosslinking agent, pH values of crosslinking solution, temperature, and time on fibrillation tendency of lyocell fabrics were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe fibrillation tendency, which showed that the lyocell fabric impregnated in 5% EH and pH = 10 solution at 40°C for 30 minutes had almost no microfibrils. In addition, the results showed that the whiteness, mechanical property and dyeing performance of crosslinked lyocell fabric were retained, and the wear resistance was enhanced. This study demonstrated a potential and practical application of this crosslinking agent to diminish the fibrillation of lyocell fabrics.
Disrupted HSF1 regulation in normal and exceptional brain aging
Authors: Trivedi Rachana , Knopf Bailey , Rakoczy Sharlene , Manocha Gunjan D , Brown-Borg Holly , Jurivich Donald A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Brain aging is a major risk factor for cognitive diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia. The rate of aging and appearance of age-related pathology are modulated by stress responses and repair pathways that gradually decline with age. However, recent reports indicate that exceptional longevity sustains and may even enhance the stress response. Whether normal and exceptional aging result in either attenuated or enhanced stress responses across all organs is unknown. This question arises from our understanding that biological age differs from chronological age and evidence that the rate of aging varies between organs. Thus, stress responses may differ between organs, especially if they are composed of poorly regenerative tissue and accumulate a lifespan of damaged proteins. To answer these questions, we assessed age-dependent changes in brain stress responses with normal aged wild type and long-lived Dwarf mice. Results from this study show that normal aging unfavorably impacts activation of the brain heat shock (HS) axis with key changes noted in the transcription factor, HSF1, that include decreased protein levels, changes in its phosphorylation and altered co-factors. Exceptional aging appears to preserve and strengthen many elements of HSF1 activation in the brain. These results support the possibility that reconstitution of aging brain stress responses requires a multi – factorial approach that addresses HSF1 protein levels, its DNA binding, and regulatory elements such as phosphorylation and protein interactions.
Continuous Prostanoid initiation in Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Garcia Richard U , Beshish Asaad , Butto Arene , Kanaan Usama , Maher Kevin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective:
Limited data exists regarding Prostanoid (PGI2) use in critically ill patients with pulmonary hypertension. (PH) in the pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) setting.
Materials and Methods:
Single center, retrospective study of patients with diagnosis of PH who received continuous PGI2 and were admitted to CICU from January/2015 to April/2022. Data collected included patient demographics and clinical characteristics including diagnosis, etiology of PH, vasoactive and ventilatory support, length of stay, and survival. Type, initial, maximum, and final dose of PGI2 as well as hemodynamic data was obtained. Data reported as mean ± standard deviation. Significance taken p-value <0.05.
Results
24 patients received PGI2 therapy at a mean age of 3.1 years, range (0-16.6 years). PGI2 was in the form of IV epoprostenol in 12 patients, IV treprostinil in 6, and SQ treprostinil in 6 patients. Mean initial dose was 2.79 ng/kg/min, max dose 18.75 ng/kg/min, and average duration of therapy was 38.5 days. At PGI2 initiation, 21 (87.5%) were on vasoactive infusions, 19 (79.2%) mechanically ventilated (MV), and 6 (25%) were on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The in-hospital mortality rate was 37.5% (n=9). Patients MV and on ECMO support had higher risk of death (p=0.04, and <0.01 respectively).
Conclusions
PGI2 therapy was tolerated in approximately 50% of patients with the most common side effect being hypotension leading to discontinuation in 1/3rd of patients. Ongoing evaluation of the benefits of PGI2 for patients in the CICU setting will help better identify patient selection, type, and dosing of PGI2.
The use of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) scores in predicting the prognosis of ovarian cancer
Authors: Wu Qingyun , Huo Yanqin , Wu Jianlei , Pan Chunxia , Lu Chunhua , Chen Liang , Zhang Fang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective:Predicting the early recurrence rate is important in improving the treatment and prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC). A homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) score serves as a prognostic factor in OC. Whether the HRD score can be used as a new marker for OC prognosis must be further explored.Methods:69 patients with OC were enrolled in the study. We performed retrospective HRD genetic tests to obtain their HRD scores. The correlation test for tumor recurrence was performed using the Kaplan-Meier test and a Cox risk regression analysis.Results:No significant difference was found between the HRD score and the recurrence rate at the 1-year and full-time follow-up, rate of platinum-resistant recurrence. However, we demonstrated a strong association between the HRD score and hemoglobin (Hb) levels (P=0.004). Interestingly, Hb levels before initial cancer treatment (P=0.046) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) (P=0.040) displayed independent influences on the 1-year recurrence rate. The 1-year recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with low Hb levels (≤107 g/L) than in patients with high Hb levels (>107 g/L). Besides, it was significantly higher in patients who underwent NACT (based on high Suidan scores) than in patients who did not. Moreover, recurrence curves showed a significant association between NACT and the 1-year recurrence rate.Conclusions:For non-maintenance-treated patients, there is insufficient evidence that the HRD score can be used as a marker of short-term prognosis in OC. Hb levels and Suidan scores are expected to be new markers for predicting the 1-year recurrence rate in OC.