bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Feasibility of a Trial of Labor after Two Cesarean Deliveries: Outcomes and Prognostic Factors for Success
Authors: Lopian Miriam , Perlman Sharon , Cohen Ronnie , Rosen Hadar , Many Ariel , Kashani-Ligumsky Lior 
Published: July 2023

Objective This study aimed to determine whether a trial of labor after two cesarean deliveries (TOLAC2) increases the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes and identify prognostic factors for TOLAC2 success.
Study Design A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single medical center. The study group was comprised of women with a history of TOLAC2. Outcomes were compared with women undergoing trial of labor after one previous cesarean delivery (TOLAC1). The primary outcome was trial of labor after cesarean delivery (TOLAC) success. Secondary outcomes included mode of delivery, uterine rupture, and combined adverse outcome (CAO; uterine rupture, postpartum hemorrhage, 5-minute Apgar score < 7, pH < 7.1). Logistic regression was used for the multivariate analysis to identify prognostic factors for TOLAC2 success.
Results A total of 381 women who underwent TOLAC2 were compared with 3,635 women who underwent TOLAC1. Women attempting TOLAC2 were less likely to achieve vaginal births after cesarean delivery (VBAC; 80.8 and 92.5%; odds ratio [OR]: 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.47; p < 0.001) and more likely to experience uterine rupture (0.8 vs. 0.2%; OR: 4.1; 95% CI: 1.1–15.9; p = 0.02) but not CAO (4.2 vs. 4.8%; OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.5–1.5; p = 0.3). TOLAC2 women with no previous vaginal deliveries had a lower chance of VBAC and a higher risk of uterine rupture compared with TOLAC1 women without a prior vaginal delivery (45.2 vs. 86.3%; OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.07–0.25; p < 0.001; 2.3 vs. 0%) and TOLAC2 women with a prior vaginal delivery (45.2 vs. 85.3%; OR: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.1–0.3; p < 0.0001; 2.4 vs. 0.6%; OR: 4.1; 95% CI: 0.4–46.3; p = 0.3). Multivariate analysis revealed that a history of vaginal delivery is an independent predictor of TOLAC2 success.
Conclusion Women attempting TOLAC2 are less likely to achieve VBAC and are at greater risk of uterine rupture compared with those attempting TOLAC1. Despite these risks, the overall success rates remain very high, and the absolute risk of adverse outcomes is still very low. Prior vaginal delivery seems to have a protective effect on TOLAC outcomes. These data should be used to counsel women and assist in decision-making when considering the mode of delivery in women with two previous cesarean sections.
Key Points
Decreasing Patient Radiation Exposure from Computed Tomography for Hip Preservation Surgery
Authors: Marland Jennifer D. , Smythe Jason , Barlow Daniel , Whiting Daniel , Payne Brayden , West Hugh S. , Wylie James D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article describes how we were able to decrease patient radiation exposure from hip computed tomography (CT) for hip preservation evaluation without a degradation of image quality. This is a retrospective review of a quality improvement project. The study included patients who underwent hip CT at a single center as part of a clinical evaluation for young adult hip pain. Four distinct protocols were used during the study period. All protocols included at CT scan of the hip with slices through the distal femur to evaluate femoral version. Patient variables collected included age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). The dose–length product was collected and the effective dose in millisieverts (mSv) was calculated. Differences in dose between protocols were compared using analysis of variance with appropriate post hoc tests and multivariate general linear regression. A total of 613 patients underwent hip CT during the study period with 304 patients in protocol 1, 83 in protocol 2, 136 in protocol 3, and 91 in protocol 4. When controlling for age, gender, and BMI there was a significant decrease in effective dose of radiation from protocol 1 (3.63 mSv) to protocol 2 (3.06 mSv) (p = 0.002) and protocol 2 (3.06 mSv) to protocol 3 (2.16 mSv) (p < 0.001). There was no difference between protocol 3 (2.16 mSv) and protocol 4 (2.10 mSv) (p = 0.269) but protocol 4 was easier to administer. In regression modeling, BMI (p < 0.001) and protocol used (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of effective radiation dose (model R
2 = 0.585). Through a longitudinal clinical quality improvement project, we were able to decrease the effective radiation exposure to patients undergoing hip CT for hip preservation evaluation by close to 50%. Only CT protocol used and patient's BMI were predictors of ionizing radiation exposure.
Level of Evidence Level 3, retrospective comparative study.
The Hook Test Is Not Pathognomonic for Foveal Detachment of the Triangular Fibrocartilage
Authors: Ecker Jeff , Pavleski Karolina , Andrijich Courtney 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background The integrity of the foveal insertion of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is currently assessed by inference using the hook test. Using dry arthroscopic techniques, the primary author observed that many patients with painful distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability and a positive hook test had an intact foveal insertion. This study was performed to determine whether a positive hook test is a reliable index of a tear of the foveal insertion.
Technique The hook test is performed using a probe to elevate the TFCC off the ulna head toward the articular surface of the lunate. In this study, the hook test was considered positive if the TFCC could be elevated to bridge more than 80% of the space between the TFCC and the articular surface of the lunate.
Patients and Methods A retrospective study was performed using the medical records and arthroscopic videos of 113 patients who had clinical signs of DRUJ instability and underwent arthroscopic surgery performed by the primary author in 2020. It was documented whether the hook test was positive or negative, whether the foveal insertion was intact, abnormal or absent, and whether there were peripheral (dorsal or volar) tears of the TFCC. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using arthroscopic findings as the reference standard.
Results The sensitivity of the hook test was found to be 100%, and the specificity was 7.0%. The positive predictive value for foveal pathology was found to be 12.3% and the negative predictive value 100%. The diagnostic accuracy of the hook test in determining the presence of foveal tears was found to be 17.7%. The diagnostic accuracy of the hook test in determining the presence of a TFCC abnormality was 99.1%.
Conclusions A positive hook test is indicative of a tear of the TFCC, but it is not anatomically specific for a tear of the foveal insertion. To reliably assess the foveal insertion, it must be visualized and probed using dry arthroscopic techniques.
The Diagnostic Approach to Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Torbicki Adam , Kurzyna Marcin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe clinical presentation of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is nonspecific, resulting in significant delays in its detection. In the majority of cases, PH is a marker of the severity of other cardiopulmonary diseases. Differential diagnosis aimed at the early identification of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) who do require specific and complex therapies is as important as PH detection itself. Despite all efforts aimed at the noninvasive assessment of pulmonary arterial pressure, the formal confirmation of PH still requires catheterization of the right heart and pulmonary artery. The current document will give an overview of strategies aimed at the early diagnosis of PAH and CTEPH, while avoiding their overdiagnosis. It is not intended to be a replica of the recently published European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension, freely available at the Web sites of both societies. While promoting guidelines' recommendations, including those on new definitions of PH, we will try to bring them closer to everyday clinical practice, benefiting from our personal experience in managing patients with suspected PH.
Perioperative Management in Pulmonary Endarterectomy
Authors: Jenkins David P. , Martinez Guillermo , Salaunkey Kiran , Reddy S. Ashwin , Pepke-Zaba Joanna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the treatment of choice for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (PH), provided lesions are proximal enough in the pulmonary vasculature to be surgically accessible and the patient is well enough to benefit from the operation in the longer term. It is a major cardiothoracic operation, requiring specialized techniques and instruments developed over several decades to access and dissect out the intra-arterial fibrotic material. While in-hospital operative mortality is low (<5%), particularly in high-volume centers, careful perioperative management in the operating theater and intensive care is mandatory to balance ventricular performance, fluid balance, ventilation, and coagulation to avoid or treat complications. Reperfusion pulmonary edema, airway hemorrhage, and right ventricular failure are the most problematic complications, often requiring the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to bridge to recovery. Successful PEA has been shown to improve both morbidity and mortality in large registries, with survival >70% at 10 years. For patients not suitable for PEA or with residual PH after PEA, balloon pulmonary angioplasty and/or PH medical therapy may prove beneficial. Here, we describe the indications for PEA, specific surgical and perioperative strategies, postoperative monitoring and management, and approaches for managing residual PH in the long term.
Antibiofilm Activity of Different Washing Solutions against Biofilms in Cystic Fibrosis Patients' Nasal Cavities
Authors: Tüzemen Gökhan , Tüzemen Nazmiye Ülkü , Erkan Alkan Perihan , Özakın Cüneyt 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective Bacterial biofilm formation is a multistep process involving bacterial adhesion to inorganic or mucosal surfaces. We aimed to identify Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains colonizing the respiratory tracts of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and to gauge the antibiofilm potential of streptomycin and ozone solutions against them.
Methods Bacteria were obtained from CF patients' sputum samples processed in our microbiology laboratory over 1 year (2021–2022). A total of 26 nonduplicate strains (13 S. aureus and 13 P. aeruginosa) were included in this study.
Results Both ozone and streptomycin solutions showed significant inhibitory activity. However, when faced with mature biofilm, the streptomycin solution had a significantly more substantial impact than the ozone solution. Furthermore, the ozone solution had no inhibitory effect on mature P. aeruginosa biofilm.
Conclusion Ozone and streptomycin solutions might be used as nasal irrigation to eliminate the biofilms in patients with CF in acute respiratory infections. However, our in vitro observations would need to be confirmed in vivo. In chronic inflammation, ozone solution cannot degrade the mature biofilm of P. aeruginosa, whereas streptomycin solution can degrade such biofilms. This result is promising in lessening the biofilms associated with these bacteria that colonize patients with CF.
Connectomic Networks and Their Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Glioma Treatment: A Review
Authors: Rawanduzy Cameron A. , Earl Emma R. , Brooks Jaden B. , Khan Majid , Dadario Nicholas B. , Sughrue Michael E. , Karsy Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe emerging field of connectomics has provided an improved understanding of the structural and functional organization of the human brain into large-scale brain networks. Recent studies have helped define the canonical neurological networks and outline how considering their presence may aid in surgical decision-making in brain tumor patients. Gliomas represent one of the most common types of brain tumor and often involve displacement and/or infiltration of neurological pathways, suggesting an opportunity to use connectomic maps to improve patient morbidity and mortality based on oncofunctional goals. This review aims to provide a working knowledge of important neurological networks, examine the use of networks in surgical planning, and describe the current literature discussing the impact of these networks on clinical outcomes in glioma resection.
Weekend versus Weekday Procedures for Total Hip Arthroplasties
Authors: Okpara Shawn , Ghali Abdullah , Momtaz David , Cushing Tucker , Kotzur Travis , Han Albert , Mitchell Parker , Pearl Adam , Bora Varun , Seifi Ali , Saleh Khaled J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe “weekend effect” is the phenomenon that claims increased adverse outcomes for weekend procedures compared to weekday procedures. However, there is significant controversy regarding such disparities in elective orthopaedic surgeries. With the increasing demand for hip arthroplasty projected over the next 20 years, it is important to investigate a possible “weekend effect” to optimize outcomes and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we investigate the association between weekday versus weekend total hip arthroplasty (THA) and postoperative outcomes using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) data. We performed a retrospective analysis of the HCUP database between 2002 and 2020 comparing THAs done Monday to Friday versus THAs done Saturday to Sunday. Data collected included patient demographics and comorbidities, hospital length of stay, admission to procedure time, discharge disposition, mortality, and outcome data through postoperative day 30. THAs performed on weekends were associated with significantly increased length of stay, total charges, admission-to-procedure time, and mortality compared to those on weekdays. Our findings suggest that the development of nationwide programs to standardize care and weekend case management for THA patients can potentially help reduce health care costs, improve operative outcomes, and reduce the discrepancy between weekend and weekday surgeries.
Green bond issuance and corporate ESG performance: the perspective of internal attention and external supervision
Authors: Chen Jinyu , Yang Yan , Liu Ran , Geng Yuan , Ren Xiaohang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBased on the staggered difference-in-difference (DID) model, this paper uses Chinese listed firms between 2012 and 2020 to investigate the impact of green bond issuance on corporate environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance. We provide evidence that green bond issuance positively enhances corporate ESG performance. Green bond issuance mainly promotes corporate ESG performance through the internal attention effect and the external supervision effect. Moreover, the positive correlation between green bond issuance and corporate ESG performance is more prominent among companies with larger size, higher government subsidies and executives with environmental experience. The extended analysis shows that green bond issuance can promote the enhancement of firm valuation. This study provides theoretical guidance for the use of green financial systems to promote corporate ESG performance.
Triply differential cross sections for electron and positron impact on methane
Authors: Singh Prithvi , Bagul Vijay , Champion Christophe 
Published: July 2023

We here report theoretical triply differential cross sections (TDCS) for 250 eV electron and positron impact ionization of the methane molecule calculated within the second-order distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA2) for various momentum transfer conditions. The experimental data taken from Işık et al. [J. Phys. B: At., Mol. Opt. Phys. 49, 065203 (2016)] will be compared with the current theoretical predictions as well as molecular three body distorted wave (M3DW) approximation and generalized Sturmian function (GSF) theoretical models in a non-coplanar geometry. In the low analyzer scattering plane, the results obtained within the DWBA2 theory show better agreement with the experimental results compared to the GSF results. The M3DW results also exhibit agreement with the experimental results, in particular in the perpendicular plane geometry. Furthermore, significant differences between electron and positron TDCS were observed.
Electron and Ar+ interaction with Mo(CO)6 at thermal energies; energetic limit on removal of 5 ligands from Mo(CO)6+
Authors: Miller Thomas M. , Lewis Tucker W. R. , Ard Shaun G. , Viggiano Albert A. , Shuman Nicholas S. 
Published: July 2023

The rate constant for electron attachment to Mo(CO)6 was determined to be ka = 2.4 ± 0.6 × 10−7 cm3 s−1 at 297 K in a flowing-afterglow Langmuir-probe experiment. The sole anion product is Mo(CO)5−. A small decline in ka was observed up to 450 K, and decomposition was apparent at higher temperatures. The charge transfer reaction of Ar+ with Mo(CO)6 is exothermic by 7.59 ± 0.03 eV, which appears to be sufficient to remove the first 5 ligands from Mo(CO)6+.
Localizing a phone app
Authors: Warburton Kara , Lee Ka Wai , Harding Tyler 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper we describe the localization of a phone app that was completed by students enrolled in a university translation program. The app in question serves the university campus community. The experience related herein follows the earlier localization of a COVID-related app, described in Warburton and Krishnan (2021). The current project was larger in scope, covered more subject areas, included additional languages, leveraged different technologies (as a result of lessons learned), and repurposed more linguistic resources. We also reflect on phone apps as a genre and the impacts of their increasing role in society for the localization industry. We demonstrate that the Functionalist approach to translation is appropriate for app localization. However, challenges, both technical and linguistic, point to the need for better internationalization practices and localization tools. The localization of phone apps would benefit from further research of this genre in translation theory.
FAST Pulsar Database. I. Polarization Profiles of 682 Pulsars
Authors: Wang P. F. , Han J. L. , Xu J. , Wang C. , Yan Y. , Jing W. C. , Su W. Q. , Zhou D. J. , Wang T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Pulsar polarization profiles form a very basic database for understanding the emission processes in a pulsar magnetosphere. After careful polarization calibration of the 19-beam L-band receiver and verification of beam-offset observation results, we obtain polarization profiles of 682 pulsars from observations by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) during the Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot survey and other normal FAST projects. Among them, polarization profiles of about 460 pulsars are observed for the first time. The profiles exhibit diverse features. Some pulsars have a polarization position angle curve with a good S-shaped swing, some with orthogonal modes; some have components with highly linearly polarized components or strong circularly polarized components; some have a very wide profile, coming from an aligned rotator, and some have an interpulse from a perpendicular rotator; some wide profiles are caused by interstellar scattering. We derive geometric parameters for 190 pulsars from the S-shaped position angle curves or with orthogonal modes. We find that the linear and circular polarization or the widths of pulse profiles have various frequency dependencies. Pulsars with a large fraction of linear polarization are more likely to have a large Edot.
Signal quality indices evaluation for robust ECG signal quality assessment systems
Authors: Kuetche Fotsing , Alexendre Noura , Pascal Ntsama Eloundou , Colince Welba , Thierry Simo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As the current healthcare system faces problems of budget, staffing, and equipment, telemedicine through wearable devices gives a means of solving them. However, their adoption by physicians is hampered by the quality of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals recorded outside the hospital setting. Due to the dynamic nature of the ECG and the noise that can occur in real-world conditions, Signal Quality Assessment (SQA) systems must use robust signal quality indices (SQIs). The aim of this study is twofold: to assess the robustness of the most commonly used SQIs and to report on their complexity in terms of computational speed. A total of 39 SQIs were explored, of which 16 were statistical, 7 were non-linear, 9 were frequency-based and 7 were based on QRS detectors. With 6 databases, we manually constructed 2 datasets containing many rhythms. Each signal was labelled as ‘acceptable’ or ‘unacceptable’ (subcategories: ‘motion artefacts’, ‘electromyogram noise’, ‘additive white Gaussian noise’, or ‘power line interference’). Our results showed that the performance of an SQI in distinguishing a good signal from a bad one depends on the type of noise. Furthermore, 23 SQIs were found to be robust. The analysis of their extraction time on 10-second signals revealed that statistics-based and frequency domain-based SQIs are the least complex with an average computational time of (mean: 1.40 ms, standard deviation: 1.30 ms), and (mean: 4.31 ms, standard deviation: 4.50 ms), respectively. Then, our results provide a basis for choosing SQIs to develop more general and faster SQAs.
Evaluating similarity measure for multimodal 3D to 2D registration
Authors: kiran Usha , Ramakrishna Naik Roshan , Bhat Shyamasunder N , H Anitha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The 3D to 2D registration technique in spine surgery is vital to aid surgeons in avoiding the wrong site surgery by estimating the vertebral pose. The vertebral poses are estimated by generating the spatial correspondence relationship between pre-operative MR with intra-operative x-ray images, then evaluated using a similarity measure. Different similarity measures are used in 3D to 2D registration techniques to assess the spatial correspondence between the pre-operative and intra-operative images. However, to evaluate the registration performance of the similarity measures, the proposed framework employs three different similarity measures: Binary Image Matching, Dice Coefficients, and Normalized Cross-correlation technique to compare the images based on pixel positions. The registration accuracy of the proposed similarity measures is compared based on the mean Target Registration Error, mean Iteration Times, and success rate. In the absence of simulated test images, the experiment is conducted on the simulated AP and Lateral test images. The experiment conducted on the simulated test images shows that all three similarity measures work well for the feature based 3D to 2D registration in that BIM gives better results. The experiment also indicates high registration accuracy when the initial displacements are varied up to ±20 mm and ±100 of the translational and rotational parameters, respectively, for three similarity measures.