bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-specific determinants of psychiatric outcomes after the first COVID-19 wave: baseline findings from a Canadian online cohort study
Authors: Stewart S. Evelyn , Best John , Selles Robert , Naqqash Zainab , Lin Boyee , Lu Cynthia , Au Antony , Snell Gaelen , Westwell-Roper Clara , Vallani Tanisha , Ewing Elise , Dogra Kashish , Doan Quynh , Samji Hasina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Canadians endured unprecedented mental health (MH) and support access challenges during the first COVID-19 wave. Identifying groups of individuals who remain at risk beyond the acute pandemic phase is key to guiding systemic intervention efforts and policy. We hypothesized that determinants of three complementary, clinically actionable psychiatric outcomes would differ across Canadian age groups.

Methods
The Personal Impacts of COVID-19 Survey (PICS) was iteratively developed with stakeholder feedback, incorporating validated, age-appropriate measures. Baseline, cross-sectional online data collected between November 2020-July 2021 was used in analyses. Age group-specific determinants were sought for three key baseline MH outcomes: (1) current probable depression, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder and/or suicide attempt during COVID-19, (2) increased severity of any lifetime psychiatric diagnosis, and (3) inadequate MH support access during COVID-19. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed for children, youth (self- and parent-report), young adults (19–29 years) and adults over 29 years, using survey type as a covariate. Statistical significance was defined by 95% confidence interval excluding an odds ratio of one.

Results
Data from 3140 baseline surveys were analyzed. Late adolescence and early adulthood were identified as life phases with the worst MH outcomes. Poverty, limited education, home maker/caregiver roles, female and non-binary gender, LGBTQ2S + status and special educational, psychiatric and medical conditions were differentially identified as determinants across age groups.

Interpretation
Negative psychiatric impacts of COVID-19 on Canadians that include poor access to MH support clearly persisted beyond the first wave, widening pre-existing inequity gaps. This should guide policy makers and clinicians in current and future prioritization efforts.
Stress reduction interventions for patients with chronic diabetic foot ulcers: a qualitative study into patients and caregivers' perceptions
Authors: Pereira M. Graça , Pedras Susana , Louro André , Lopes Alberto , Vilaça Margarida 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to assess the perceptions of patients with chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and their family caregivers regarding the impact of two stress reduction interventions on DFU and psychological wellbeing. The intervention included progressive muscle relaxation and hypnosis sessions.MethodsThis study used a qualitative exploratory design and included individual interviews with eight patients with chronic DFUs and six family caregivers, using a semi‐structured interview guide. Transcript analysis employed thematic content analysis.ResultsFour key themes common to patients and their caregivers were found: 1) perspectives regarding the intervention; 2) intervention effectiveness; 3) perceived importance of psychology in the DFU treatment; and 4) emotional consequences associated with DFUs. Although themes were common to both intervention groups, sub‐themes from the last two themes differed for patients that received muscle relaxation versus those who received hypnosis.ConclusionPatients and caregivers reported perceived benefits from both interventions, regarding DFU healing and emotional wellbeing. Patients who received hypnosis and their caregivers also reported lasting effects. Participants suggested that psychological interventions such as stress reduction interventions could be included in the DFU standard treatment as an adjuvant to the clinical protocol for DFU treatment, preferably offered early on, when patients begin treatment at the diabetic foot consultation.
Efficacy and safety of neostigmine on treating gastrointestinal dysmotility in severe acute pancreatitis patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sun Han , Sheng Yaqi , Du Tiekuan , Zhu Huadong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute pancreatitis is a serious threat to human health and gastrointestinal dysmotility is a common complication for acute pancreatitis patients, resulting in delayed feeding, oral feeding intolerance, paralytic ileus, and abdominal compartment syndrome. Currently, there are limited treatment for this complication.
Neostigmine is known to increase gastrointestinal motility and has been used to treat gastrointestinal dysmotility after surgery. However, research in treating acute pancreatitis with neostigmine is currently limited.

Methods
This trial is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, mono-centric trial that will test the hypothesis that neostigmine can improve gastrointestinal motility in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Up to 56 patients will be randomized in this study receiving 0.5 mg/1 ml of neostigmine methylsulfate injection twice per day or 1 ml of saline injection twice per day. Defection time (aim 1), mortality and organ failure (aim 2), borborygmus, starting of enteral nutrition and intra-abdominal pressure (aim 3), and length of ICU and hospital stay (aim 4) will be assessed.

Discussion
Findings from this study will provide data supporting the usage of neostigmine for treating severe acute pancreatitis patients with gastrointestinal dysmotility.

Trial registration
This study is registered on chictr.org.cn with the identifier as ChiCTR2200058305. Registered on April 5, 2022.
MRI texture-based machine learning models for the evaluation of renal function on different segmentations: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Mo Xiaokai , Chen Wenbo , Chen Simin , Chen Zhuozhi , Guo Yuanshu , Chen Yulian , Wu Xuewei , Zhang Lu , Chen Qiuying , Jin Zhe , Li Minmin , Chen Luyan , You Jingjing , Xiong Zhiyuan , Zhang Bin , Zhang Shuixing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
To develop and validate an MRI texture-based machine learning model for the noninvasive assessment of renal function.

Methods
A retrospective study of 174 diabetic patients (training cohort, n = 123; validation cohort, n = 51) who underwent renal MRI scans was included. They were assigned to normal function (n = 71), mild or moderate impairment (n = 69), and severe impairment groups (n = 34) according to renal function. Four methods of kidney segmentation on T2-weighted images (T2WI) were compared, including regions of interest covering all coronal slices (All-K), the largest coronal slices (LC-K), and subregions of the largest coronal slices (TLCO-K and PIZZA-K). The speeded-up robust features (SURF) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms were used for texture feature extraction and model construction, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of models.

Results
The models based on LC-K and All-K achieved the nonsignificantly highest accuracy in the classification of renal function (all p values > 0.05). The optimal model yielded high performance in classifying the normal function, mild or moderate impairment, and severe impairment, with an area under the curve of 0.938 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.935–0.940), 0.919 (95%CI 0.916–0.922), and 0.959 (95%CI 0.956–0.962) in the training cohorts, respectively, as well as 0.802 (95%CI 0.800–0.807), 0.852 (95%CI 0.846–0.857), and 0.863 (95%CI 0.857–0.887) in the validation cohorts, respectively.

Conclusion
We developed and internally validated an MRI-based machine-learning model that can accurately evaluate renal function. Once externally validated, this model has the potential to facilitate the monitoring of patients with impaired renal function.
Force field-inspired molecular representation learning for property prediction
Authors: Ren Gao-Peng , Yin Yi-Jian , Wu Ke-Jun , He Yuchen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMolecular representation learning is a crucial task to accelerate drug discovery and materials design. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a promising approach to tackle this task. However, most of them do not fully consider the intramolecular interactions, i.e. bond stretching, angle bending, torsion, and nonbonded interactions, which are critical for determining molecular property. Recently, a growing number of 3D-aware GNNs have been proposed to cope with the issue, while these models usually need large datasets and accurate spatial information. In this work, we aim to design a GNN which is less dependent on the quantity and quality of datasets. To this end, we propose a force field-inspired neural network (FFiNet), which can include all the interactions by incorporating the functional form of the potential energy of molecules. Experiments show that FFiNet achieves state-of-the-art performance on various molecular property datasets including both small molecules and large protein–ligand complexes, even on those datasets which are relatively small and without accurate spatial information. Moreover, the visualization for FFiNet indicates that it automatically learns the relationship between property and structure, which can promote an in-depth understanding of molecular structure.
Low regularity a priori estimate for KDNLS via the short-time Fourier restriction method
Authors: Kishimoto Nobu , Tsutsumi Yoshio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this article, we consider the kinetic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation (KDNLS), which is a one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a cubic derivative nonlinear term containing the Hilbert transformation. For the Cauchy problem, both on the real line and on the circle, we apply the short-time Fourier restriction method to establish a priori estimate for small and smooth solutions in Sobolev spaces $H^{s}$

H
s

with $s>1/4$
s
>
1
/
4
.
Damage model for simulating cohesive fracture behavior of multi-phase composite materials
Authors: Kurumatani Mao , Kato Takumi , Sasaki Hiromu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe propose a new damage model for simulating the cohesive fracture behavior of multi-phase composite materials such as concrete. The proposed model can evaluate the damage of the matrix-phase in composite materials using the volume fraction of the matrix within an element comprising the matrix and other materials. The damage model was first formulated for 1D problems and then extended to two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) problems using the equivalent strain based on the modified von-Mises criterion. The validity of the damage model was verified for 1D and 2D problems, and the model was also applied to the simulation of 3D cohesive crack growth in a heterogeneous solid with a large number of spherical inclusions. The results confirm that the proposed model allows the meshless finite element analysis of cohesive fracturing in composite materials.
The prevalence of orthorexia in exercising populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hafstad Stine Marie , Bauer Jonas , Harris Anette , Pallesen Ståle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aim
Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) describes a pathological obsession with proper and high-quality nutrition that is necessary to research further in order to elucidate its prevalence and correlates which may bear implications for prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to review studies that report the prevalence of ON in people who exercise, calculate an overall prevalence through a random-effects meta-analysis approach and investigate the association of ON prevalence using a random-effects meta-regression. In addition, a sub-group-analysis based on ON-instruments and a sensitivity analysis excluding students samples, were conducted.

Method
Systematic searches were conducted in the following online databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Google Scholar and OpenNet. The following search terms were used: Orthore* AND (prevalenc* OR incidenc* OR frequen* OR cut-off OR epidem*). A total of 613 unique hits were reviewed by two blinded authors, and 24 studies were coded and assessed for risk of bias (Holy et.al). The meta-regression included three independent variables (sex, type of sport, and sample size).

Results
The overall prevalence of ON in the exercising population was 55.3% (95% CI 43.2–66.8). Cochran’s Q was 11,436.38 (df = 23, p < 0.0000), and the I2 was 98.4%, indicating high heterogeneity across studies. The sensitivity showed an overall prevalence of 51.3% (95% CI 51.3–70.0). There was a significant difference in prevalence estimates based on the instruments used (Qbet = 33.6, df = 2, p < 0.01).

Discussion
The overall prevalence of ON in exercising populations was very high. The between-study disparity was large and was partly explained by the ON-instrument administered. One fourth of the studies had a moderate risk of bias. The majority of the studies did not specify relevant demographic information about the sample, and information about the type of sport was frequently missing.
Dietary practices and nutritional status of children served in a social program for surrogate mothers in Colombia
Authors: Acosta Patricia , Rojas-Humpire Ricardo , Newball-Noriega Edda E. , Morales-García Wilter C. , Saintila Jacksaint , Ruiz Mamani Percy G. , Huancahuire-Vega Salomón 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Dietary practices are acquired in the family context and in turn can affect the health of family members, especially the nutritional status of children. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and feeding practices in children from foster families served by the SOS Children's Villages program in Cartagena, Colombia.

Methods
The study had a cross-sectional design. Through a non-probabilistic purposive sampling, 139 children from 0 to 5 years of age from the SOS Children's Villages Cartagena program were involved. The sociodemographic background of the participants was recorded and the nutritional status of the children was evaluated through anthropometric and biochemical measurements. Dietary practices were measured by means of a standardized questionnaire. Analyses were performed with Poisson regression models with robust variance. These regression models provided prevalence ratios (PR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results
Among dietary practices, it was observed that most families eat together at home (63.3%), watch television when they eat (55.4%), and have dietary norms (80.6%). Consumption of plant foods was predominantly high, especially vegetables (86.3%), fruits (92.1%), cereals (84.9%), root vegetables, and bananas (93.5%). Consumption < 4 times/week of soft drinks and industrialized juices increases 14.3 times the probability of low weight-for-height in the study population compared to the group that does not consume them. On the other hand, watching television while eating (PR: 2.82, 95%CI 1.32—4.69) and consumption of sweet snacks (PR: 2.24, 95%CI 1.03—4.87) increased the probability of low height-for-age; while having eaten norms at home decreased the probability of low height-for-age in the study population by 50%.

Conclusion
It is necessary to develop and implement interventions such as preventive measures and early diagnosis of inappropriate feeding behaviors to ensure adequate nutritional status among children under 5 years of age.
Mistrust in government and COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in Nigeria: investigating the indirect roles of attitudes towards vaccination
Authors: Olawa Babatola , Lawal Abiodun , Odoh Ikenna , Azikiwe Judith , Olawole Ayodeji , Odusina Emmanuel , Ayodele Israel , Ajayi Olubukola 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Research shows that trust in government is associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. However, there is no empirical evidence suggesting the pathway by which this association is formed. This study examines how dimensional attitudes towards vaccination explain the relationship between mistrust in government and COVID-19 vaccination acceptance.

Methods
The study was an online cross-sectional survey involving 1026 adults (of which 58.9% are female) resident in Nigeria with a mean age of 26.09 (±8.46) years. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing the level of mistrust in government, dimensional attitudes towards vaccination, and acceptance to be vaccinated for COVID-19. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze data.

Results
Results show that 56.8% of participants mistrust the government, while COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rate was 28.2%. Mistrust in government was significantly associated with low acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Furthermore, mistrust in the government was predictive of negative attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination which include worries about unforeseen future effects of vaccines, mistrust of vaccine benefits (MVB), concerns about commercial profiteering (CCP), and preference for natural immunity. The outcomes of indirect effect analyses indicated that mistrust in government was associated with high mistrust in vaccine benefits (MVB) and increased concerns about commercial profiteering (CCP), which in turn lead to low acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination.

Conclusions
Mistrust in the government was high and was coupled with low vaccination acceptance. It is important to initiate culturally relevant awareness programs aiming at combating false notions about COVID-19 vaccination such as MVB and CCP arising from mistrust in government.
Research progress in lipid metabolic regulation of bioactive peptides
Authors: Ma Wenshu , Li Na , Lin Luan , Wen Jiahui , Zhao Chao , Wang Fang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHyperlipidemia poses a serious threat to human health and evaluating the ability of natural active substances to regulate disorders of lipid metabolism is the focus of food functionality research in recent years. Bioactive peptides are distinguished by their broad range of sources, high nutritional content, ease of absorption and use by the body, and ease of determining their sequences. Bioactive peptides have a wide range of potential applications in the area of medicines and food. The regulation of lipid metabolism disorder caused by bioactive peptides from different sources provides a reference for the development and research of bioactive peptides for lipid reduction.
Graphical Abstract
Wind speed retrieval using GNSS-R technique with geographic partitioning
Authors: Li Zheng , Guo Fei , Chen Fade , Zhang Zhiyu , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the effect of geographical location on Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) observables is demonstrated for the first time. It is found that the observables corresponding to the same wind speed vary with geographic location regularly. Although latitude and longitude information is included in the conventional method, it cannot effectively reduce the errors caused by geographic differences due to the non-monotonic changes of observables with respect to latitude and longitude. Thus, an improved method for Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) wind speed retrieval that takes geographical differences into account is proposed. The sea surface is divided into different areas for independent wind speed retrieval, and the training set is resampled by considering high wind speed. To balance between the retrieval accuracies of high and low wind speeds, the results with the random training samples and the resampling samples are fused. Compared with the conventional method, in the range of 0–20 m/s, the improved method reduces the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of retrieved wind speeds from 1.52 to 1.34 m/s, and enhances the correlation coefficient from 0.86 to 0.90; while in the range of 20–30 m/s, the RMSE decreases from 8.07 to 4.06 m/s, and the correlation coefficient increases from 0.04 to 0.45. Interestingly, the SNR observations are moderately correlated with marine gravities, showing correlation coefficients of 0.5–0.6, which may provide a useful reference for marine gravity retrieval using GNSS-R in the future.
Soft ovarian stimulation protocol in polycystic ovary syndromes women inspired by gonadotropin stimulated intrauterine insemination cycles converted to rescue IVF: time to shift the focus “retrospective study”
Authors: Elasy Amina Nagy , Abedlghany Amany Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) women usually exhibit a high luteinizing hormone (LH) and hypersensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins stimulation which is a tremendous risk to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Since the pathophysiology of PCOS is mysterious, an aetiological approach to the treatment is difficult and should be individually designed. These features affect the outcome of treatment including ovulation and success rate. Also, PCOS women who have difficulty conceiving, frequently experience substantial treatment burden, risk, and psychological distress. Recently, a renewed interest has emerged in patient-friendly, low-risk, and less costly IVF treatments. Our study proposed a new soft protocol in PCOS ovrian stimulation without prior pituitary desensitization followed by fresh embryo transfer. Patients and methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2018 to December 2021, including 48 out of 325 women with PCOS who underwent gonadotropin-stimulated intrauterine insemination cycles but due to unexpectedly high response with risk of multiple pregnancies and OHSS, they had been shifted to a rescue IVF and fresh embryo transfer. The primary outcomes were biochemical pregnancy, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy, rate of miscarriage, OHSS, and multiple pregnancies. Secondary outcomes were the endocrinological profiles, gonadotropin dose, and duration of stimulation. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes in the conversion of high-response gonadotropin intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles to “rescue” in vitro fertilization (IVF/fresh embryo transfer) regarding implantation rates, pregnancy rates, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Results
This study used a low dose gonadotropin injections (2.1 ± 1.4) for an average duration of (9.1 ± 1.2) and showed a high success pregnancy rate: biochemical pregnancies (56.2%), implantation rate (50.2%), clinical pregnancy rate (49.9%), and miscarriage rate (8.5%). Multiple pregnancies occurred in (6.6%) and OHSS(4.4%) only in a mild form.

Conclusion
Our study revealed that ovarian stimulation without prior pituitary suppression in high responders was feasible to improve the implantation rate and alleviate profound OHSS without compromising the pregnancy outcomes. This encourages all fertility specialists to implement this new protocol with expected high responders as an alternative to the conventional cycle segmentation protocol: GnRH agonist-antagonist IVF/freeze-all strategy.