bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
36.1: Invited Paper: Innovations in Thin Film Electronics for the New Generation of Displays
Authors: Brewer John 
Published: August 2023

Improvements in semiconductor materials carried Moore's Law
into the 1990s, where device geometries and limits in materials
performance drove the need for fundamental innovation at the
materials and structural levels of MOSFETs. The display
industry has reached a similar point the need for fundamental
innovation at the materials and structural levels of thin film
transistors. Successful transition to a higher plateau of thin film
device technology enables a new inflection point in the use of
displays just as the FinFET was the foundation for an
inflection point in the use of microprocessors.This paper provides an overview of two thin film technology
innovations offering promise as the next two plateaus in the
evolution of thin film integrated circuit manufacturing:
achieving bulk accumulation in single gate metal oxide
semiconductor thin film transistors, and semiconductor less
quantum tunneling. Linked through a single core materials set
based on strong yet flexible amorphous metals, these two
innovations create a roadmap simplifying the manufacturing of
high image quality, low power consumption displays on glass and
plastic.
SrO‐MnO/Ceramic: A Novel Bifunctional Catalyst for Biodiesel production via Simultaneous Transesterification‐Esterification of Waste Frying Oil
Authors: Sajjad Hamza , Nasir Shah Syed , Nasreen Sadia , Zahoor Hamza , Rasheed Muhammad Asif , Maroof Haris 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe strontium‐manganese supported over ceramic was synthesized through wet impregnation method and investigated as a solid catalyst for its catalytic performance in transesterifying‐esterifying low‐grade waste frying oil with methanol in a batch reactor; parameters for synthesis of catalyst and transesterification reaction were also optimized. The maximum biodiesel yield of 93.66 % was attained by SrO‐MnO/Ceramic catalyst under normal process conditions. The synthesized catalyst reusability potential was also evaluated for 12 runs with regeneration carried out after the 7th run only and it revealed that the catalyst showed great stability for the initial five cycles offering yield of over 90 %. The fresh and used SrO‐MnO/Ceramic catalysts were characterized to address the mechanism of catalytic behavior and deactivation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), benzoic acid and n‐butylamine titration method, and Hammett indicators. The alteration in surface morphology; Mn solubility in glycerol and methanol; occupation of energetic centers by organics might be the reasons for diminished activity or deactivation of solid catalyst after repeated reuse.
Synthesis, optimization and characterization of Silver nanoparticles using aqueous seed extract of Trigonella foenum‐graceum L. for catalytic reduction of p‐nitrophenol
Authors: Moond Monika , Singh Sushila , Sangwan Seema , Devi Ritu , Rani Jyoti , Beniwal Anuradha , Beniwal Rajita 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present study was focused on green synthesis of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Trigonella foenum‐graceum L. seed extract belonging to specific variety HM (Hisar Mukta) 425, optimizing the different experimental conditions required for the formation and stability of AgNPs. UV‐Vis spectroscopy, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterise the synthesised AgNPs. The average size of AgNPs was found to be 22 nm and were spherical in shape. Additionally, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has listed nitrophenols as a priority pollutant, and biosynthesized AgNPs can catalytically convert them into less harmful aminophenols. One example of a reaction where AgNPs are used as a catalyst is the conversion of p‐nitrophenol to p‐aminophenol, which acts as a bridge for many analgesics and antipyretic medications. Hence, the study is anticipated to have a significant impact on the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
Positional Isomers of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Indoor Humidity Regulation
Authors: Fu Jia‐Xing , Liu Yong , Chen Liang‐Hui , Han Wang‐Kang , Liu Xin , Shao Jun‐Xiang , Yan Xiaodong , Gu Zhi‐Guo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHumidity is one of the most important indicators affecting human health. Here, a pair of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) of positional isomers (p‐COF and o‐COF) for indoor humidity regulation is reported. Although p‐COF and o‐COF have the same sql topology and pore size, they exhibit different water adsorption behaviors due to the subtle differences in water adsorption sites. Particularly, o‐COF exhibits a steep adsorption isotherm in the range of 45–65% RH with a hysteresis loop, which is perfectly suitable for indoor humidity regulation. In the laboratory experiment, when the humidity of the external environment is 20–75% RH, o‐COF can control the humidity of the room in the range of 45–60% RH. o‐COF has shown great potential as a dual humidification/dehumidification adsorbent for indoor humidity regulation.
An extended universal morphological model for concrete mode‐I fracture: Parametric and case studies
Authors: Li Dong , S. Hejazi S. M. Ali , Jin Liu , Du Xiuli 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop a systematic meso‐level theoretical modeling approach for analyzing the mode‐I fracture failure behaviors of concrete. Firstly, the eXtended Universal Morphological Model (XUMM) is briefly reviewed. Secondly, a normalized analysis method for the evaluation of effects of properties and scales of meso structures on the performance of concrete is proposed based on the XUMM. Afterwards, parametric studies regarding the aggregate strength effect, the aggregate volume effect, the maximum aggregate size (MAS) effect, the tortuosity of mesoscopic crack, the roughness of fracture surface and the characteristic length are conducted. At last, a case study on the MAS effect based on experimental tests is provided to verify the applicability of the XUMM.
A systematic review of exploratory factor analysis packages in R software
Authors: Govindasamy Priyalatha , Isa Nor Junainah Mohd , Mohamed Nor Firdous , Noor Amelia Mohd , Ma Lin , Olmos Antonio , Green Kathy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) applications in scholarly literature reflects its popularity and the convenience of computer‐assisted analysis. With advancements in computer hardware and software, the complexity and variations of EFA analysis have also grown. Despite the availability of sophisticated computer programming, the appropriate utilization of EFA necessitates users to make informed judgments. Additionally, users are responsible for searching and identifying suitable statistical software to accommodate their data and analysis requirements. This review aims to enhance understanding of the EFA technique and summarize the analysis options available for EFA in R packages. A total of 50 packages were examined in this study. Specifically, the review focuses on (1) diagnostic functions, (2) factor extraction, (3) factor retention, (4) factor rotation, and (5) complex data and technique features provided by these packages. The review summarizes the available function options in R packages by outlining these five crucial steps in conducting an EFA analysis. This synthesis offers an overview of the similarities and distinctive features of each package, serving as a valuable resource for users in selecting a suitable EFA technique. It is important to note that there is no definitive approach to conducting an exploratory factor analysis. Users need to deliberately select and combine appropriate techniques to achieve optimal results.This article is categorized under:Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Dimension ReductionSoftware for Computational Statistics > Software/Statistical Software
Facial fillers: Relevant anatomy, injection techniques, and complications
Authors: Clark Nicholas W. , Pan Debbie R. , Barrett Dane M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this review article is to discuss the currently available facial fillers, their differences and indications, relevant anatomy, injection techniques, and avoidance and management of complications.Data SourcesClinical experience and scientific papers.ConclusionsReversal of facial aging via filler injection has been around since the late 1800s with the initial use of detrimental products. Today, many safe and effective products exist and can be tailored to the individual patient's desired effect. With the evolution of both products and injection techniques, the rate of complications with facial filler use is low. Nonetheless, providers offering facial filler injections should have detailed knowledge of facial anatomy, including facial planes and soft tissue compartments. Multiple injection techniques exist. Different techniques should be used, depending on the anatomic target. Providers should also know how to avoid and manage complications.
Dispersal of blackbird flocks from sunflower fields: efficacy influenced by flock and field size but not drone platform
Authors: Egan Conor C. , Blackwell Bradley F. , Fernández‐Juricic Esteban , Klug Page E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCrop depredation by blackbirds (Icteridae) results in substantial economic losses to the United States sunflower industry, and a solution to effectively reduce damage remains elusive. We evaluated the utility of uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS), or drones, as hazing tools to deter foraging blackbirds from commercial sunflower (Helianthus annuus) fields in North Dakota, USA, between September and October 2017. We compared the efficacy of 3 drones: a fixed‐wing predator model mimicking the form of an aerial raptor, a fixed‐wing airplane of similar size, and a multirotor drone. Multirotor drones are relatively easy to fly and are a multifunctional tool for agricultural use; however, they may not be an effective avian deterrent due to a lack of similarity in appearance with natural predators. Free‐ranging blackbird flocks (n = 58) reacted to every drone approach by initiating flight and took flight 1.6 times sooner for the fixed‐wing predator model (flight initiation distance [FID] = 90 m) and 1.8 times sooner for the fixed‐wing airplane (FID = 98 m) compared to the multirotor drone (FID = 55 m). However, the probability of a blackbird flock (n = 53) abandoning a field was greater with smaller field and flock sizes, rather than the specific drone deployed. In an applied setting, the performance of drones as avian hazing devices will likely depend on a combination of factors including platform selection, drone trajectory, duration of use, season, landscape context, and natural history of the pest species.
Alternatives to corn for baiting wild pigs
Authors: Foster Justin A. , Williamson Lee H. , Kinsey John C. , Reitz Ryan L. , VerCauteren Kurt C. , Snow Nathan P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe examined dietary preferences of wild pigs to discern possible bait alternatives to corn. Captive trials were conducted during spring and fall 2021 in the Wild Pig Research Facility at Kerr Wildlife Management Area, Hunt, Texas, USA. We conducted 2‐choice tests by allowing wild pigs to feed ad libitum on soybeans, split peas, mealworms, and peanuts (spring 2021), and oats, acorns, earthworms, and peanuts (fall 2021), always with corn available as a second choice for reference. In each trial, we used proportion of test bait eaten versus total bait eaten, and relative access to both food sources as indices of bait preference. We found that a higher proportion of corn was consumed than that of any test bait in the spring, but not in the fall. However, we found that earthworms were consumed more than any other test bait in the fall. We also found that corn was accessed more than test baits in the spring, but not more than earthworms or peanuts in the fall. Greater consumption of earthworms relative to other baits, and access rates comparable to corn indicated that earthworms could be an effective alternative bait to corn. Our work suggests that alternative baits may be equally or more effective for attracting wild pigs than corn.
Super‐resolution reconstruction of vertebrate microfossil computed tomography images based on deep learning
Authors: Hou Yemao , Canul‐Ku Mario , Cui Xindong , Zhu Min 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicropaleontologists use the fine structures of microfossils to extract evolutionary information. These structures could not be directly observed with the naked eye. Recently, paleontologists resort to computed tomography (CT) images to mine the information, and pursue higher resolution CT images with in‐depth research. Therefore, we propose a new model, weighted super‐resolution generative adversarial network (WSRGAN), for the super‐resolution reconstruction of CT images. The model proposed herein (WSRGAN) obtained higher LPIPS (0.0757) on the experimental dataset, compared with Bilinear (0.4289), Bicubic (0.4166), EDSR (0.2281), WDSR (0.2640), and SRGAN (0.0815). WSRGAN meets the requirements of paleontologists for reconstructing fish microfossils. We hope that more super‐resolution reconstruction methods based on deep learning could be applied to paleontology and achieve better performance.
Black Hole Instead of Black Box?: The Double Opaqueness of Recommender Systems on Gaming Platforms and Its Legal Implications
Authors: Gesmann-Nuissl Dagmar , Meyer Stefanie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecommender systems that support us in our everyday lives are becoming more precise and accurate in terms of the appropriateness of recommendations to users’ needs – with the result that the user often follows these recommendations. This is mainly due to the filtering methods and various algorithms used. In our paper, we will look specifically at the recommender systems on gaming platforms. These consist of different components: a shopping component, a streaming component and a social media component. The recommender systems of these components, when considered individually, have certain characteristics in terms of the machine learning and filtering methods used, which are mixed by combining them on one platform. As a result, it is unclear which of the information collected about the user at any time is lost and disappears into obscurity, and what information is used to generate recommendations. The frequently discussed “black box” problem exacerbates at this point and becomes a “black hole.” With the interests of platform users, platform operators, and software developers in mind, we examine the legal provisions that have been established to address this opaqueness: transparency obligations. Derived from the Digital Services Act and the Artificial Intelligence Act, we present various legally valid solutions to address the “black hole” problem and also lead them to practical suggestions for implementation.
Soluble mutant huntingtin drives early human pathogenesis in Huntington’s disease
Authors: Miguez Andrés , Gomis Cinta , Vila Cristina , Monguió-Tortajada Marta , Fernández-García Sara , Bombau Georgina , Galofré Mireia , García-Bravo María , Sanders Phil , Fernández-Medina Helena , Poquet Blanca , Salado-Manzano Cristina , Roura Santiago , Alberch Jordi , Segovia José Carlos , Allen Nicholas D. , Borràs Francesc E. , Canals Josep M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHuntington's disease (HD) is an incurable inherited brain disorder characterised by massive degeneration of striatal neurons, which correlates with abnormal accumulation of misfolded mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein. Research on HD has been hampered by the inability to study early dysfunction and progressive degeneration of human striatal neurons in vivo. To investigate human pathogenesis in a physiologically relevant context, we transplanted human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) from control and HD patients into the striatum of new-born mice. Most hNPCs differentiated into striatal neurons that projected to their target areas and established synaptic connexions within the host basal ganglia circuitry. Remarkably, HD human striatal neurons first developed soluble forms of mHTT, which primarily targeted endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and nuclear membrane to cause structural alterations. Furthermore, HD human cells secreted extracellular vesicles containing mHTT monomers and oligomers, which were internalised by non-mutated mouse striatal neurons triggering cell death. We conclude that interaction of mHTT soluble forms with key cellular organelles initially drives disease progression in HD patients and their transmission through exosomes contributes to spread the disease in a non-cell autonomous manner.
Graphical abstract
Remarks on Dunkl Translations of Non-radial Kernels
Authors: Dziubański Jacek , Hejna Agnieszka 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOn $$ {\mathbb {R}}^N$$

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equipped with a root system R and a multiplicity function $$k>0$$

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, we study the generalized (Dunkl) translations $$\tau _{{\textbf{x}}}g(-{\textbf{y}})$$

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of not necessarily radial kernels g. Under certain regularity assumptions on g, we derive bounds for $$\tau _{{\textbf{x}}}g(-{\textbf{y}})$$

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by means the Euclidean distance $$\Vert {\textbf{x}}-{\textbf{y}}\Vert $$

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, where G is the reflection group associated with R. Moreover, we prove that $$\tau $$
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Sacroiliac versus transiliac–transsacral screw osteosynthesis in osteoporotic pelvic fractures: a biomechanical comparison
Authors: Cintean Raffael , Fritzsche Cornelius , Zderic Ivan , Gueorguiev-Rüegg Boyko , Gebhard Florian , Schütze Konrad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Pelvic fractures were often associated with high-energy trauma in young patients, but data show a significant increase in osteoporotic pelvic fractures in old age due to the progressive demographic change. There is an ongoing discussion about the best fixation techniques, which are ranging from lumbopelvic fixation to sacral bars or long transiliac–transsacral (TITS) screws. This study analyzes TITS screw osteosynthesis and sacroiliac screw osteosynthesis (SI), according to biomechanical criteria of fracture stability in osteoporotic human pelvic cadavers ex vivo.

Methods
Ten osteoporotic cadaveric pelvises were randomized into two groups of 5 pelvises each. An FFP-IIc fracture was initially placed unilaterally and subsequently surgically treated with a navigated SI screw or a TITS screw. The fractured side was loaded in a one-leg stance test setup until failure. Interfragmentary movements were assessed by means of optical motion tracking.

Results
No significant difference in axial stiffness were found between the SI and the TITS screws (21.2 ± 4.9 N and 18.4 ± 4.1 N, p = 0.662). However, there was a significantly higher stability of the fracture treatment in the cohort with TITS-screws for gap angle, flexion, vertical movement and overall stability. The most significant difference in the cycle interval was between 6.000 and 10.000 for the gap angle (1.62 ± 0.25° versus 4.60 ± 0.65°, p = 0.0001), for flexion (4.15 ± 0.39 mm versus 7.60 ± 0.81 mm, p = 0.0016), interval 11.000–15.000 for vertical shear movement (7.34 ± 0.51 mm versus 13.99 ± 0.97 mm, p < 0.0001) and total displacement (8.28 ± 0.66 mm versus 15.53 ± 1.07 mm, p < 0.0001) for the TITS and the SI screws.

Conclusions
The results of this biomechanical study suggest a clear trend towards greater fracture stability of the TITS screw with significantly reduced interfragmentary movement. The application of a TITS screw for the treatment of the osteoporotic pelvic ring fracture may be prioritized to ensure the best possible patient care.
A Theoretical Framework for the Analysis of Physical Unclonable Function Interfaces and Its Relation to the Random Oracle Model
Authors: van Dijk Marten , Jin Chenglu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnalysis of advanced physical unclonable function (PUF) applications and protocols relies on assuming that a PUF behaves like a random oracle; that is, upon receiving a challenge, a uniform random response with replacement is selected, measurement noise is added, and the resulting response is returned. In order to justify such an assumption, we need to rely on digital interface computation that to some extent remains confidential—otherwise, information about PUF challenge–response pairs leak with which the adversary can train a prediction model for the PUF. We introduce a theoretical framework that allows the adversary to have a prediction model (with a typical accuracy of 75% for predicting response bits for state-of-the-art silicon PUF designs). We do not require any confidential digital computing or digital secrets, while we can still prove rigorous statements about the bit security of a system that interfaces with the PUF. In particular, we prove the bit security of a PUF-based random oracle construction; this merges the PUF framework with fuzzy extractors.
Aluminium deep drawing with additive manufacturing polymer punches: analysis of performance in small batch production
Authors: Giorleo Luca , Ceretti Elisabetta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this research the authors tested the performance of polymer punches, filled with short carbon fibres, produced with fused filament fabrication technology for aluminium sheet deep drawing. An experimental campaign was designed to investigate the geometry accuracy of 99th produced cup and the punches wear mechanism. Results demonstrated that polymer punches are subjected to elastic and plastic deformation that affects cup radius and depth. However, the tolerance comparison with cup produced by conventional steel tools is in a range of tenth of micron; consequently, these punches can withstand the small batch or customised production of one hundred parts.
Inequality and growth in China
Authors: Lin Haiyan , Brueckner Markus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe provide estimates of the effects that income inequality has on economic growth in China. Our empirical analysis is at the county level. Using data provided by the China Health and Nutrition Survey, we construct measures of inequality and the growth rates of household incomes per capita for 72 Chinese counties during the period 1989–2015. System-GMM estimates of panel models show that the within-county effect of inequality on economic growth is significantly decreasing in initial average income. For the relatively low levels of initial average incomes that were prevalent in China during the 1980s and 1990s, our model estimates imply that the increase in inequality that occurred in China during the 1980s and 1990s had a significant positive effect on economic growth. However, for current levels of average income, our panel model predicts that inequality has a negative effect on economic growth: a 1 percentage point increase in the Gini would reduce the per annum growth rate by around 1 percentage point.