bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antipoisoning catalysts for the selective oxygen reduction reaction at the interface between metal nanoparticles and the electrolyte
Authors: Chougule Sourabh S. , Jeffery A. Anto , Roy Chowdhury Sreya , Min Jiho , Kim Yunjin , Ko Keonwoo , Sravani Bathinapatla , Jung Namgee 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOne of the primary challenges in relation to phosphoric acid fuel cells is catalyst poisoning by phosphate anions that occurs at the interface between metal nanoparticles and the electrolyte. The strong adsorption of phosphate anions on the catalyst surface limits the active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), significantly deteriorating fuel cell performance. Here, antipoisoning catalysts consisting of Pt‐based nanoparticles encapsulated in an ultrathin carbon shell that can be used as a molecular sieve layer are rationally designed. The pore structure of the carbon	shells is systematically regulated at the atomic level by high‐temperature gas treatment, allowing O2 molecules to selectively react on the active sites of the metal nanoparticles through the molecular sieves. Besides, the carbon shell, as a protective layer, effectively prevents metal dissolution from the catalyst during a long‐term operation. Consequently, the defect‐controlled carbon shell leads to outstanding ORR activity and durability of the hybrid catalyst even in phosphoric acid electrolytes.
Asymmetric Rubottom‐Type Oxidation Catalyzed by Chiral Calcium Phosphates
Authors: He Hualing , Tummalapalli K. S. Satyanarayana , Zhu Linfei , Chen Minglei , Krishnamurthy Suvratha , Antilla Jon C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Jon C. Antilla at Zhejiang Sci‐Tech University. The image depicts asymmetric Rubottom‐type oxidation catalyzed by chiral calcium phosphates. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202203720.
A comparative study on the mineralization of waste butyl acetate by electrochemical oxidation via persulphate/hypochlorite and silver (II) reagents using DSA® anodes: Statistical optimization by response surface methodology
Authors: Mokhtari Shahrnaz , Mohammadi Fereidoon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMediated electrochemical oxidation of butyl acetate (BA) in wastewater was conducted by employing two different techniques based on S2O8−2/ClO− and Ag (II) reagents using commercial Dimensionally Stable Anode (DSA)®‐O2 or DSA®‐Cl2 anodes. Response surface methodology (RSM) was also engaged to investigate process parameters impacts and their interactions on BA mineralization efficiency and energy consumption. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), UV–visible, and gas chromatography (GC) analyses confirmed BA mineralization and the optimum removal conditions were then attained for both systems. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis showed that electro‐oxidation by mixed persulphate/hypochlorite oxidants favours the mineralization of BA (99.7%) compared to the Ag (II) technique (96.56%). The higher removal efficiency obtained by S2O8−2/ClO− was achieved in a neutral aquatic medium using DSA®‐Cl2 at a lower current density (CD), temperature, and electrolysis time (pH: 6, CD: 0.1 kA/m2, and time: 60 min) compared to those obtained by Ag (II) ions (pH: ≤3, CD: 1.69 kA/m2, and time: 130 min). The former process occurred under the charge transfer control mechanism at low CDs, whereas at an elevated CD (about 1.0 kA/m2), mass transfer was predominant due to the parasitic oxygen evolution. On the other hand, the latter process was found charge transfer‐controlled at low BA concentrations (≤200 ppm), whereas it turned out mass transfer‐controlled at higher BA concentrations. Comparing the anode type, energy consumption for BA mineralization by S2O8−2/ClO− ions using DSA®‐Cl2 at the optimum conditions was 0.009 kW · h/dm3, which was about three times lower than that of the DSA®‐O2 anode.
A Supported Palladium Phosphide Catalyst for the Wacker‐Tsuji‐Oxidation of Styrene
Authors: Neyyathala Arjun , Flecken Franziska , Hanf Schirin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe substitution of pure metal particles by metal phosphides in catalysis represents a promising opportunity to lower the required metal quantity in the context of a sustainable use of metal resources. Herein we show the synthesis of palladium phosphide, Pd3P, supported on silica, which is tested as catalyst for the Wacker‐Tsuji‐oxidation of styrene to acetophenone. The synthesized catalyst is characterized by PXRD, SEM‐EDX, FTIR, ICP‐AES and XPS measurements. Four different reaction systems are investigated in this study including different co‐catalysts and reaction media. Conversions of styrene up to 95 % with a selectivity of 73 % towards acetophenone are observed using Pd3P/SiO2as catalyst, CuCl2as co‐catalyst and O2as oxidant. An enhanced selectivity up to 100 % towards acetophenone is obtained in other reaction systems. The use of Pd3P/SiO2leads to an optimized selectivity and conversion in the oxidation reaction in comparison with the purely Pd‐based system Pd/SiO2. These results give an insight on how the incorporation of phosphorus has a great effect on the performance of heterogeneous catalysts.
Evaluation of bioassay methods to screen winter wheat for quizalofop herbicide tolerance
Authors: Richter Colette M. , Elias Sabry G. , Zemetra Robert S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerbicide‐resistant wheat cultivars are an effective tool in controlling weeds. The CoAxium wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar conferring tolerance to quizalofop‐p‐ethyl herbicide was developed along with a bioassay to quantify traited seeds in a sample. The objectives of this study were to (1) compare a current seed soaking (SS) method with substrate imbibition (SI) method in detecting AXigen trait in two genotypes, CO14A050 (homozygous resistant‐A/D genomes) and CO14A136 (homozygous resistant‐B/D genomes), and (2) develop criteria to distinguish between trait and nontrait seedlings based on chemical injury using standard germination, linear length, and dry matter content tests. Quizalofop doses 0.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 μM were used in both methods. A soft white winter wheat, Bobtail, was used as a susceptible control. Using SS, 96% of Bobtail seedlings were classified as nontrait at 3.0 μM and 100% at 4.0 and 5.0 μM; however, using SI, only 1.0%–6.0% showed chemical injury and were classified as nontrait. The SI did not differentiate between trait and nontrait seedlings at any dose. At 5 μM, CO14A136 showed significant chemical injury (26%) compared to CO14A050 (1%). A greenhouse dose–response study confirmed that CO14A136 conferred lower tolerance to quizalofop than CO14A050. The SS method at 5 μM was suitable for identifying trait and nontrait seeds. It is recommended that both root and shoot structure should be considered in evaluating trait and nontrait seedlings, not only roots like the current protocol.
Prevalence of food addiction determined by the Yale Food Addiction Scale in Latin America: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: de Melo Barros Ludmila , da Silva Júnior André Eduardo , Praxedes Dafiny Rodrigues Silva , Monteiro Maíra Barbosa Lobo , de Lima Macena Mateus , Bueno Nassib Bezerra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveFood addiction (FA) has been extensively investigated worldwide; however, the prevalence of FA in the Latin American population has yet to be established and past work has largely neglected the specificities of this region, that includes the most significant economic disparities in the world. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of FA measured by the Yale Food Addiction Scale in Latin America.MethodThe search was performed on MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, LILACS, IBECS, SciELO, PsycArticles, CENTRAL, and the gray literature. FA prevalence data were collected, and random effects meta‐analyses were performed to calculate the overall weighted prevalence, the prevalence by country, and by clinical and non‐clinical samples.ResultsA total of 10,082 occurrences were identified through database searches, and 23 studies were included (Mexico = 9; Brazil = 7; Chile = 4; Argentina = 1; Peru = 1; Uruguay = 1). The prevalence of FA found in clinical samples was 38% (95% CI: 16%–63%; I2 = 98.67%; 8 studies), while in non‐clinical samples, it was 15% (95% CI: 10%–21%; I2 = 98.51%; 15 studies).DiscussionThe average prevalence of FA in the Latin American countries included here was in accordance with that reported in other regions worldwide. It is noteworthy that the studies were conducted only in six countries, which are among those with the highest income in the region and do not represent the situation in native populations or those with lower purchasing power. This gap in the data also reflects the effects of economic disparities on the availability of empirical data in the region.Public SignificanceThe prevalence of food addiction in Latin America was similar to that reported in other regions. It was higher among individuals with overweight, whether or not undergoing bariatric surgery, than in non‐clinical samples. These findings contribute to aggregate information about this condition that has drawn the attention of clinicians and researchers.
Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state and cerebral thrombophlebitis in paediatrics: A case report
Authors: Injeyan Maud , Baron Sabine , Lauzier Benjamin , Gaillard‐Le Roux Benedicte , Denis Manon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionHyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) is a known complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, carbonated carbohydrate fluid intake may precipitate a more severe presentation of type 1 diabetes mellitus with hyperosmolar state. The management of these patients is not easy and can lead to severe complications such as cerebral venous thrombosis.MethodsWe present the case of a 21‐month‐old boy admitted for consciousness disorders revealing a hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state on a new‐onset type 1 diabetes and who developed cerebral venous thrombosis.Results and ConclusionEmergency physicians should be aware of HHS in order to start the appropriate treatment as early as possible and to monitor the potential associated acute complications. This case highlights the importance of decreasing very gradually the osmolarity in order to avoid cerebral complications. Cerebral venous thrombosis in HHS paediatric patients is rarely described, and it is important to recognize that not all episodes of acute neurological deterioration in HHS or diabetic ketoacidosis are caused by cerebral oedema.
HINT2 deficiency deteriorates oxidative stress in a mouse model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Fang , Li Jingzhe , Hao Jie , Liu Jinming , Zu Xiuguang , Li Shanshan , Wang Bin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsMyocardial infarction (MI) is one of the serious diseases with great mortality over the world. Myocardial mitochondrial oxidative stress has been implicated as a key player in MI. The histidine triad nucleotide‐binding protein 2 (HINT2) is a nucleotide hydrolase and transferase located in mitochondria. HINT2 has multiple functions such as regulating mitochondrial lipid metabolism and respiration and glucose homeostasis. Although HINT2 has been shown to protect against MI, the underlying mechanisms were not fully elucidated. In this study, the effects of HINT2 on oxidative stress during MI were explored.Methods and resultsMI mouse models in both wild‐type and HINT2‐deficient mice were established. The expression of HINT2 in HINT2‐deficient mice was determined by quantitative real‐time PCR and western blot. The levels of oxidative stress were measured, including the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). The myocardial functions, as indicated by left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end‐systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), were monitored. Both mRNA and protein expressions of HINT2 in the myocardial tissues were significantly down‐regulated in MI mice starting at 6 h post‐MI. MI induced oxidative stress 6 h post‐MI in myocardial tissues of wild‐type mice, as suggested by the enhanced MDA and NO levels and decreased SOD and GSH levels. The expression of HINT2 was negatively correlated to the MDA and NO levels and positively correlated to the SOD and GSH levels. HINT2‐deficient MI mice had significantly elevated levels of MDA and NO and significantly decreased levels of SOD and GSH when compared with wild‐type MI mice. HINT2‐deficient MI mice had higher LVEDD and LVESD and lower LVEF and LVFS compared with wild‐type MI mice, indicating that HINT2 deficiency exacerbated myocardial dysfunction.ConclusionsHINT2 deficiency causes deteriorative oxidative stress in MI mice, leading to exacerbated myocardial dysfunction.
Big Question to Developing Solutions: A Decade of Progress in the Development of Aquatic New Approach Methodologies from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Langan Laura M. , Paparella Martin , Burden Natalie , Constantine Lisa , Margiotta-Casaluci Luigi , Miller Thomas H. , Moe S. Jannicke , Owen Stewart F. , Schaffert Alexandra , Sikanen Tiina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In 2012, 20 key questions related to hazard and exposure assessment and environmental and health risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the natural environment were identified. A decade later, this article examines the current level of knowledge around one of the lowest-ranking questions at that time, number 19: “Can nonanimal testing methods be developed that will provide equivalent or better hazard data compared with current in vivo methods?” The inclusion of alternative methods that replace, reduce, or refine animal testing within the regulatory context of risk and hazard assessment of chemicals generally faces many hurdles, although this varies both by organism (human-centric vs. other), sector, and geographical region or country. Focusing on the past 10 years, only works that might reasonably be considered to contribute to advancements in the field of aquatic environmental risk assessment are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to methods of contemporary interest and importance, representing progress in (1) the development of methods which provide equivalent or better data compared with current in vivo methods such as bioaccumulation, (2) weight of evidence, or (3) -omic-based applications. Evolution and convergence of these risk assessment areas offer the basis for fundamental frameshifts in how data are collated and used for the protection of taxa across the breadth of the aquatic environment. Looking to the future, we are at a tipping point, with a need for a global and inclusive approach to establish consensus. Bringing together these methods (both new and old) for regulatory assessment and decision-making will require a concerted effort and orchestration. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:559–574. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Decoupling analysis and peak prediction of carbon emission in less developed provinces: A case study of Sichuan province, China
Authors: Chen Lu , Li Xin , Liu Lu , Sun Bei , Hu Xinyi , Wang Minxi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the increasing severity of climate change, the unevenness of economic development has resulted in the heterogeneity of carbon peaking in different regions. Under the dual‐carbon target strategy, the peak research in China's less developed provinces is significant. This study uses the emission factor method to calculate the carbon emission inventory of an economically underdeveloped province (Sichuan) and 15 major cities from 2010 to 2020. The carbon emissions in the Sichuan province showed a fluctuating trend, and the emission intensity decreased year by year. This study analyzes the decoupling effect of carbon emissions and GDP gold content (GDPgc). Sichuan's economy and carbon emissions have not been strongly decoupled. Finally, under three scenarios, it forecasts the peak carbon emissions in Sichuan province. Sichuan province will peak in 2029 (361.74 million tons) under the simultaneous peak scenario. This study provides an important reference for formulating and implementing energy‐saving and emission‐reduction policies in relatively poor regions. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subsystem mechanisms of default mode network underlying white matter hyperintensity‐related cognitive impairment
Authors: Yang Dan , Li Jiangnan , Ke Zhihong , Qin Ruomeng , Mao ChengLu , Huang Lili , Mo Yuting , Hu Zheqi , Lv Weiping , Huang Yanan , Zhang Bing , Xu Yun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFunctional changes of default mode network (DMN) have been proven to be closely associated with white matter hyperintensity (WMH) related cognitive impairment (CI). However, subsystem mechanisms of DMN underlying WMH‐related CI remain unclear. The present study recruited WMH patients (n = 206) with mild CI and normal cognition, as well as healthy controls (HC, n = 102). Static/dynamic functional connectivity (FC) of the DMN's three subsystems were calculated using resting‐state functional MRI. K‐means clustering analyses were performed to extract distinct dynamic connectivity states. Compared with the WMH‐NC group, the WMH‐MCI group displayed lower static FC within medial temporal lobe (MTL) and core subsystem, between core‐MTL subsystem, as well as between core and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex subsystem. All these static alterations were positively associated with information processing speed (IPS). Regarding dynamic FC, the WMH‐MCI group exhibited higher dynamic FC within MTL subsystem than the HC and WMH‐NC groups. Altered dynamic FC within MTL subsystem mediated the relationship between WMH and memory span (indirect effect: −0.2251, 95% confidence interval [−0.6295, −0.0267]). Additionally, dynamic FCs of DMN subsystems could be clustered into two recurring states. For dynamic FCs within MTL subsystem, WMH‐MCI subjects exhibited longer mean dwell time (MDT) and higher reoccurrence fraction (RF) in a sparsely connected state (State 2). Altered MDT and RF in State 2 were negatively associated with IPS. Taken together, these findings indicated static/dynamic FC of DMN subsystems can provide relevant information on cognitive decline from different aspects, which provides a comprehensive view of subsystem mechanisms of DMN underlying WMH‐related CI.
CardioLabelNet: An uncertainty estimation using fuzzy for abnormalities detection in ECG
Authors: Mishra Jyoti , Tiwari Mahendra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractElectrocardiography (ECG) abnormalities are evaluated through several automatic detection methods. Primarily, real‐world ECG data are digital signals those are stored in the form of images in hospitals. Also, the existing automated detection technique eliminates the cardiac pattern that is abnormal and it is difficult to multiple abnormalities at some instances. To address those issues in this paper conventional ECG image automated techniques CardioLabelNet model is proposed. The proposed model incorporates two stages for image abnormality detection. At first fuzzy membership is performed in the image for computation of uncertainty. In second stage, classification is performed for computation of abnormal activity. The proposed CardioLabelNet collect ECG image data set for the uncertainty estimation while taking the account of various image classes which includes the global and local entropy of image pixels. For each waveform, uncertainties are calculated on the basis of global entropy. The computation of uncertainty in the images is performed with the fuzzy membership function. The spatial likelihood estimation of a fuzzy weighted membership function is used to calculate local entropy. Upon completion of fuzzification, classification is performed for the detection of normal and abnormal patterns in the ECG signal images. Through integration of stacked architecture model classification is performed for ECG images. The proffered algorithm performance is calculated in terms of accuracy for segmentation, Dice similarity coefficient, and partition entropy. Additionally, classification parameters accuracy sensitivity, specificity, and AUC are evaluated. The proposed approach outperforms the existing methodology, according to the results of a comparative analysis.
Sequence‐dependent clustering properties of nucleotides fragments in an ionic solution
Authors: Mondal Manas , Gao Yi Qin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe chemical nature of the DNA bases is an important factor in sequence‐mediated association of DNA molecules. Nucleotides are the fundamental DNA elements and the base identity impacts the molecular properties of nucleotide fragments. It is interesting to study the fundamental nature of nucleotides in DNA, on the basis of base‐specific interactions, association, and modes of standard atomic or molecular interactions. With all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations of model dinucleotide and tetranucleotide systems having single‐stranded dinucleotide or tetranucleotide fragments of varying sequences, we show how the base identity and interactions between the different bases as well as water may affect the clustering properties of nucleotides fragments in an ionic solution. Sequence‐dependent differential interactions between the nucleotide fragments, ionic concentration, and elevated temperature are found to influence the clustering properties and dynamics of association. Well‐known epigenetic modification of DNA, that is, cytosine methylation also promotes dinucleotide clustering in solution. These observations point to one possible chemical nature of the DNA bases, as well as the importance of the base pairing, base stacking, and ionic interactions in DNA structure formation, and DNA sequence‐mediated association. Sequence‐ and the ionic environment‐mediated self‐association properties of the dinucleotides indicate its great potential to develop biological nanomaterials for desired applications.
Fluoride removal from drinking water (Metlaoui, Tunisia) using untreated and treated natural clays
Authors: Charbti Mariem , Touati Hadjyoussef Mouna , Ouakouak Abdelkader , Benna Zayani Memia , Fortin Claude 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFluorosis is an endemic disease due to an excess of fluoride intake via drinking water. In some regions of the world, removing fluoride from drinking water is a severe problem that is still to be solved. The present study focuses on the use of a natural clay to reduce fluoride concentration in Tunisian contaminated drinking water under relevant working conditions.RESULTSAdsorption experiments were performed in batches using a fluoride aqueous solution. The Box–Behnken model design was used to define the working conditions in which three factors were controlled: clay dosage, contact time and agitation speed. The fixed parameters were the initial fluoride concentration and water pH as observed in Metlaoui, Tunisia in 2021, and experiments were performed at room temperature. Results show that 4 g(50 mL)−1 of clay dosage, 10 min of contact time and 280 rpm of agitation speed could provide 51% fluoride removal using an untreated natural clay. Then, various adsorbents based on this clay were synthesized (chitosan–clay, C6H17NO3Si–clay and thermally treated clays purified using different methods) and tested using the same approach. Among the adsorbents tested, the thermally treated purified clays were the most effective in removing fluoride under ambient conditions with a fluoride removal of 97.5%. Tests performed on drinking water showed that the safety fluoride concentration could be achieved without modifications of the water pH.CONCLUSIONSThe thermally treated clays investigated in this study were effective for fluoride removal under relevant conditions, which can pave the way for future field applications. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).