bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the supportive care program based on Bandura's self-efficacy on stress and participation of the mothers of the neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Heidary Shima , Heidari Haydeh , Choopani Roya , Sedehi Morteza 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Maternal stress can affect both the neonate and the mother and deter them from participating in the care of preterm neonates. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the supportive care program (SCP) based on Bandura's self-efficacy on stress and participation of mothers of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This quasi-experimental study was performed in 2020 on 90 mothers of premature infants admitted to the NICU of Hajar Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran. First, the control group and then the experimental group were selected and a training package based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory was implemented for the intervention group. The research instruments in this study were the Heidari mothers stress questionnaire and Melnyk mother's participation questionnaire which was completed before and after the intervention. The analysis was performed based on SPSS (version 24) and Chi-square, independent t-test, and paired tests.

RESULTS:
The results indicated that the demographic variables of mothers and neonatal characteristics of the two groups did not have significant differences except for the history of abortion and infertility in mothers and the weight of preterm neonates (P < 0.05). Mothers in the experimental group had less stress (t (88) = 29.50, P < 0.001) and more participation than the control group (t (88) = −27.18, P < 0.001) after the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS:
Using self-efficacy-based SCP for maternal education besides routine education could positively affect the reduction of stress and the increase of maternal participation in caring for preterm neonates during hospitalization. Thus, using this supportive program is suggested for mothers with preterm neonates admitted to NICU.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Level of Phosphorylated Neurofilament Heavy Chain is Higher in Converting Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Correlates with CAMP Response Element-Binding Protein Concentration
Authors: Gencer Mehmet , Koral Gizem , Sanli Elif , Cirak Selen , Akbayir Ece , Yuceer Hande , Kizilay Tugce , Yildiz Ruziye Erol , Yentur Sibel Penbe , Yilmaz Vuslat , Tuzun Erdem , Turkoglu Recai 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Prevision of conversion from clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to multiple sclerosis (MS) is required to avoid unnecessary use of immunomodulating agents and to recognize patients with high disease activity. Our aim was to evaluate the value of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNFH, a marker for neuroaxonal degeneration) and Cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (cAMP response element-binding protein [CREB], a marker for neuroregeneration) levels in the prediction of conversion from CIS to MS.

Methods:
Twenty-three consecutively recruited treatment-naïve CIS patients were followed for 36 months. pNFH and CREB levels were measured in the first episode cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the serum of 12 converting (CIS-MS) and 11 nonconverting CIS patients (CIS-CIS) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:
Baseline CSF but not serum samples of CIS-CIS patients displayed significantly lower pNFH levels compared to patients with CIS-MS. The analysis of receiver operating characteristic curve presented a high specificity for the prediction of MS conversion for the CSF pNFH cut-off level of 730.9 pg/ml. CSF pNFH levels significantly correlated with serum and CSF CREB levels. Higher baseline CSF pNFH and CREB levels were associated with more rapid progression to MS or increased disability scores.

Conclusion:
CSF pNFH measurement may potentially determine MS patients with unfavorable clinical progression after the first attack. pNFH and CREB appear to be increased in parallel in CSF of CIS patients with higher disease activity. These results suggest that neurofilaments are not only indicators of axonal degeneration but also partly a marker of neuronal differentiation and new axon regeneration mediated by CREB signaling pathway.
The Effect of Cold on the Trigeminal Reflexes
Authors: Inan Rahsan , Erdemir-Kızıltan Meral 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
Effects of muscle cooling on the spinal stretch and monosynaptic reflexes have been studied to describe the properties of Group I and II afferents of muscle spindles. Masseter muscle differs from extremity muscles in structural and numerical features of the muscle spindles. The aim of this study was to examine the muscle spindle afferent features of masseter muscle by applying cold to understand the role of Group I and II afferents in reflexes of masseter.

Patients and Methods:
We included 12 healthy subjects (7 females and 5 males) in the study. Masseter inhibitory reflex (MIR), jaw tendon reflex (JTR), trigeminal motor evoked potential (MEP), and trigeminal somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) were studied before and after cold application. Left masseter muscle was cooled down to 18°C. We compared the data obtained before and after cold application.

Results:
After cold application, the mean total duration of MIR was shortened and it was absent in four subjects. The mean amplitude of JTR was higher after cold application (P = 0.018) without any significant change in latency. The mean latency of MEP was delayed without any change in amplitude (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in SEPs.

Conclusions:
Changes observed in MIR, JTR, and MEP could not be ascribed to any specific type of muscle spindle afferents. Delayed mean reflex latencies were attributed to the effect of cold on nerve conduction. Summation of peripheral cold and pain receptor features, spindle afferents, and cortical mechanisms might have caused cold-associated changes.
Detection of Post COVID-Pneumonia Using Histogram Equalization, CLAHE Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: M Vinodhini , Rajkumar Sujatha , Kalyan Reddy Mure Vamsi , Janesh Vaishnav 
Published: September 2023

Pneumonia, also known as bronchitis, is caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Pneumonia can be fatal to an infected person because the lungs cannot exchange air. The disease primarily affects infants and people over the age of 65. Every year, nearly 4 million people are killed by the disease, which affects an estimated 420 million people. It is critical to detect and diagnose this condition as soon as possible. Diagnosing the condition using the patient's x-ray is the most effective method. Experienced radiologists will use a chest x-ray of the affected patient to make this informed decision. Recently, coronavirus is a contagious viral disease caused by the SARSCoV2 virus. This virus affects the human respiratory system. The virus also causes pneumonia (COVID pneumonia), which is far more dangerous than normal pneumonia. The main purpose of this task is to study and compare several deep learning enhancement techniques applied to medical x-ray and CT scan images for the detection of COVID19 (pneumonia).
A convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to design a model that can distinguish between COVID19 pneumonia and normal pneumonia. In addition, image enhancement techniques (histogram equalization (HE), contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE)) have been processed against the dataset to find more efficient methods and models for detecting pneumonia. A dataset of 6432 CXRs were used - 576 COVID pneumonia CXRs, 1583 normal pneumonia CXRs, and 4273 healthy lung CXRs. Based on the results, it was observed that the equalized histogram and the equalized dataset of CLAHE run faster than the original dataset. This requires a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system that can distinguish between COVID pneumonia, normal pneumonia, and healthy lungs. In addition, the improved VGG16 achieved 96% accuracy in the detection of X-ray images of COVID19 - pneumonia.
Undergraduate Students’ Perception of Using Extensive Reading Strategy in Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Octavianti Zelvia Dina , Retnaningdyah Pratiwi , Munir Ahmad 
Published: September 2023

Objective: Reading is one of the most essential skills in learning, especially in English learning. Technological sophistication that is developing rapidly in the 21st century requires students to be literate in order to be able to compete in critical thinking and receive the latest information. The program suitable for the conditions of students in this century is extensive reading, which offers reading for pleasure according to the level of students' abilities. Method: The type of approach used in this research is qualitative. Only fifteen undergraduate students have received an extensive reading course in the fifth semester to obtain optimal results. In collecting data using two instruments, namely questionnaires and interviews. Results: The results shown in this research are that most undergraduate students have positive perceptions after receiving extensive reading course program activities, one of which is the addition of vocabulary that affects their reading motivation. Novelty: The results of this research encourage future researchers to dig up information about the effectiveness of using extensive reading in increasing vocabulary acquisition.
Elevating Pedagogical Outcomes: A Study on the Efficacy of State Islamic Religious Universities Management in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Muhammad Anggung Manumanoso , Mank Minhajul Abidin , Putra Anjas Baik , Luqman Faizal 
Published: September 2023

Objective: This research aims to examine the efficacy of higher education administration in quality control of Islamic university lecturers in Aceh. Method: The study employs a qualitative paradigm, with data gathered through observation, interview findings, and documentation. Informants include campus policymakers (rectors, deans, and department heads) and numerous students who are users. Results: Quality planning outcomes are provided through research under the institution's vision, purpose, and objectives. Planning, revision, and verification are used to carry out the program. Its substance encourages attempts to strengthen educational quality control but does not specify the desired results. Quality control management for lecturers is controlled by each component (faculties and departments) using formal and written references. The projected consequences of senior policy managers being able to design an integrity-based university governance model based on enhancing organizational values, norms, laws, management, and organizational structures. Novelty: Quality control model novelty consists of five stages, namely (1) control principles, (2) quality implementation, (3) professionalism development, (4) evaluation monitoring, and (5) collaboration strategy.
Kompetensi Kepribadian Guru dalam Mengembangkan Karakter Anak Usia Dini di Raudhatul Athfal Al-Fityah Pekanbaru
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Rahayu Evi , Tryana Nofita , Nikmah Nikmah , Yanto Inmar 
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine how teacher personality competence and teacher strategies in developing early childhood character in Raudhatul Athfal Al-Fityah Pekanbaru. This research is qualitative descriptive. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the development of characteristics in early childhood was in the good category. This happens because teachers always set an example and practice habituation in every activity. In addition, the implementation of teacher capacity development in the form of training, weekly meetings for teacher evaluation and sharing, performance evaluations, and weekly coaching activities to increase teachers' Islamic insight and understanding were carried out to support the process of developing children's character. Thus, teacher personality competence has a positive impact on the development of early childhood character, especially through habituation and exemplary activities.
Estilos de vida y el índice de masa corporal en estudiantes universitarios (Lifestyles and body mass index in university students)
Authors: Flores Paredes Alcides , Pino Vanegas Yony Martín , Yupanqui Pino Efraín Humberto , Yupanqui Pino Armando , Mamani Mamani Salvador , Coila Pancca Daniel , Atencio Ayma Lenny Judith , Manzaneda Peña Marco Antonio , Lavalle Gonzales Angela Katiusca 
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación de los estilos de vida con el índice de masa corporal en estudiantes universitarios. Se asumió una muestra de tipo no probabilística conformada por 361 universitarios (191 mujeres y 170 varones) con promedio de edad de 20.66 ± 2.73. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de estilos de vida y la medición antropométrica de estatura y peso corporal. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el software SPSS. V. 27, se aplicó la estadística descriptiva y correlacional por medio de la prueba de Chi Cuadrado de Pearson y Rho Spearman. Los resultados más importantes sobre los estilos de vida muestran al 46.8% en media, el 29.1% malos y el 24.1% excelentes. Las mujeres tienen mayor tendencia al sobrepeso y obesidad grado I y II (24.7%, 2.5% y 1.7%) a diferencia de los varones (19.7%, 1.4% y 0.6%). Se determina la asociación directa entre las variables estilos de vida y el índice de masa corporal. Se concluye que la universidad debe fortalecer los estilos de vida de los universitarios estableciendo políticas de formación, reajuste curricular y promoción de la salud al interior y así desarrollar hábitos saludables durante su permanencia, por medio de la masificación de la actividad física y nutrición saludable, que permitirá a futuro tener egresados consciente sobre la responsabilidad en su salud.
Palabras Clave: Dieta, envejecimiento saludable, comportamiento sedentario
Abstract. The objective of the research was to determine the relationship of lifestyles with the body mass index in university students. A non-probabilistic sample of 361 university students (191 women and 170 men) with an average age of 20.66 ± 2.73 was assumed. The instruments used were the lifestyle questionnaire and the anthropometric measurement of height and body weight. For the statistical analysis, the SPSS software was used. V. 27, descriptive and correlational statistics were applied by means of the Pearson and Rho Spearman Chi Square test. The most important results on lifestyles show 46.8% on average, 29.1% bad and 24.1% excellent. Women have a greater tendency to be overweight and grade I and II obesity (24.7%, 2.5% and 1.7%), unlike men (19.7%, 1.4% and 0.6%). The direct association between the lifestyle variables and the body mass index is determined. It is concluded that the university should strengthen the lifestyles of university students by establishing training policies, curricular readjustment and health promotion within and thus develop healthy habits during their stay, through the massification of physical activity and healthy nutrition. that will allow future graduates to be aware of the responsibility in their health.
Key Words: Diet, healthy aging, sedentary behavior.
Phenolic compounds of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and their allelopathic effect
Authors: Storozhyk L. I. , Tereshchenko I. S. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To establish the quantitative composition of phytochemicals containing in vegetative and generative organs of sugar sorghum hybrids with high and medium sugar content ‘Sugargraze ARG’ (Argentina), ‘Sioux’ and ‘Mohawk’ (USA) and ‘Ananas’ and ‘Medovyi’ (Ukraine) and their allelopathic effect
Methods. Allelopathic, physiological-biochemical, agrochemical and statistical methods were used. The content of phytochemicals in the vegetative and generative organs of the studied sugar sorghum hybrids was determined by the extraction method.
Results. A high concentration of sorghum phenolic substances in the seeds at the mature plant stage was found. However, their concentration was species specific and depended on their quantitative component in the process of morphogenesis of vegetative and generative organs of sorghum of different genetic origin. The analysis of the total content of phytochemical compounds in the studied hybrids showed an increase in their number at the end of the vegetation season. The research was conducted in vitro. The manifestation of phenolic compounds was observed through manifestation of the allelopathic effect of cultivated sorghum plants. It was found that on the 7th day of cultivation, the plants actively secreted phenolic compounds; the increase in the number of leaves and the height of plants in hybrids did not change and amounted to 3–5 and 1.6–2.0 cm, respectively. On the 14th day of the experiment, the phenolic spots grew significantly, and yellowing of the lower leaves appeared. In the process of morphogenesis of sorghum plants (during 21 days), a more intense release of phenolic compounds led to suppression and slowing down of growth and subsequently to the death of the clone, regardless of the genetic origin of the hybrids. Phenolic compositions also influenced the formation of the root system of cultivated sorghum plants. A significant decrease in the number of lateral roots and the length of the root system was noted in all studied hybrids.
Conclusions. The highest content of phenolic compounds was found in the seeds (grain) and stems of the studied sorghum hybrids. Thus, the quantitative composition of glycosides and tannins was 34–39 and 5.5–6.9 %, respectively, in the seeds and 25–29 and 0.3–1.4 %, respectively, in the stems of the studied hybrids. The highest content of hydroxycinnamic acids (from 7 % to 14 %) was found in the leaves of the studied sorghum hybrids. Phenolic compositions under in vitro conditions cause stress, which slows down the growth and development of cultivated plants, and subsequently lead to the death of clones.
Impacto da passagem do Sistema Solar por nuvens moleculares escuras: um caso de habitabilidade local
Authors: Leão Jurandi , Bentes Thays , Vilas-Boas Jose Williams , Wuensche Carlos Alexandre 
Published: September 2023

Nuvens moleculares (NM) são regiões não homogêneas, neutras, com densidades volumétricas variando de 102 cm-3 a 108 cm-3, extinções no visível de até 30 mag e temperaturas que variam entre 10 e 100 K. O Sistema Solar encontra-se em uma bolha de plasma de baixa densidade, circundada por NM escuras distribuídas em um raio de ~ 100 pc. Em seu movimento no plano Galático, o Sistema Solar deve atravessar uma ou mais dessas regiões a cada órbita em torno do centro galáctico. Este trabalho discute o impacto do Sol estar imerso em uma NM e analisa os efeitos da radiação solar que atinge a Terra em função da densidade da região atravessada. Para densidades volumétricas da NM da ordem de 104 cm-3, a frente de ionização alcança uma região de 1 unidade astronômica (UA) em cerca de 2 dias. Se a densidade é maior do que 106 cm-3, todos os fótons UV ionizantes são consumidos em um volume esférico com raio menor do que 1 UA, resfriando significativamente a Terra em sua trajetória em torno do Sol. Se o SS entrar em uma nuvem interestelar com densidade maior ou igual a 107 cm-3 a radiação UV (que chega à Terra aproximadamente em 300 dias) será bloqueada, ou poderá permanecer nesse estado, indefinidamente, se a densidade das nuvens for maior. Nessas condições, a Terra passaria a existir em um ambiente com características do Meio Interestelar, o que teria consequências catastróficas para o clima do planeta.
Predicting profiles of post-trauma adaptation in first responders and civilians after the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings: The role of distress, growth, and emotion regulation
Authors: Brickman Sophie , Saltzman Leia Y. , Bistricky Steven L. , Wright Ellen J. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Responses to trauma are often characterized either by the presence or absence of psychological distress; however, the process of adapting after trauma also includes potential positive change. While some studies document that the majority of individuals exposed to single event terrorism report low levels of psychological distress, more research is needed to understand different adaptation profiles following this type of trauma, and the factors that might predict responses.
Methods: We examined post-trauma responses in 257 first responders/medical professionals (66.8 percent) and civilians (33.2 percent) exposed to the 2013 Boston Marathon Bombings. Data for post-trauma profiles—post-traumatic growth (PTG), posttraumatic stress, and emotion regulation—and profile predictors—trauma proximity, trauma history, and coping flexibility—were collected approximately 2.5 years after the bombings. Latent profile analysis identified response profiles, and multinomial logistic regression identified demographic, event-specific, and psychological predictors of profile membership.
Results: Four profiles emerged: (1) symptomatic, (2) resistant, (3) resilient, and (4) struggling growth. First responder role decreased the odds of belonging to the struggling growth profile, as compared to the symptomatic profile. Greater coping flexibility and adaptive emotion regulation increased the odds of membership in the struggling growth, rather than symptomatic profile.
Conclusion: A subset of individuals experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms years after trauma exposure may also be utilizing flexible, adaptive coping strategies and experiencing PTG. First responders may have difficulty experiencing simultaneous distress and growth, and interventions designed to promote healthy post-trauma adaptation for this population could be tailored accordingly.
Stress levels among healthcare workers and adult population during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemic in a metropolitan city
Authors: Khan Asad , Ali Anam , Masood Faisal , Khan Muhammad Arshad , Mumtaz Sami Ullah , Masud Mohsin , Sheikh Ayesha Ijaz , Ullah Sajid Abaid 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on public health has been widespread with clinically diverse manifestations ranging from asymptomatic presentation to critical illness. COVID-19 might influence different aspects of the stress process on the general population and healthcare workers (HCWs).
Objectives: To examine the relationship of demographic variables with depression, anxiety, and stress and to compare stress levels in HCWs and the general population.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A sample of 1,063 participants was collected based on two groups. The first group comprised of HCWs who were directly looking after COVID-19 confirmed or suspected patients and working in any primary, secondary, or tertiary care hospitals. The second group comprised of participants working in public-dealing departments or businesses. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42) was administered to assess depression, anxiety, and stress.
Result: Young people, females, and people having less work experience and without civil defense or disaster management training were more depressed, anxious, and stressed. Participants who had no access to scientific journals were more stressed. Average time spent on social media on COVID-19-related information, history of psychological illnesses, and use of sedatives after the COVID-19 pandemic positively predicted anxiety, depression, and stress. There was no significant difference in the scores of depression, anxiety, and stress for HCWs and the general population.
Conclusion: The anxiety levels were comparable among HCWs and adults, with vulnerable groups being female gender, young adults, and those who had a previous history of depression or substance abuse. Special consideration must be given to mental health, and protocols must be designed to provide psychological and emotional support to susceptible individuals.