bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The molecular basis and downstream immune consequences of mycobacteria–host cell interactions
Authors: Daher Wassim , Pichler Virginia , Karam Jona , Neyrolles Olivier , Kremer Laurent 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPathogenic mycobacteria gain entry to their hosts by inhalation or ingestion where they adhere to different cell types and are subsequently internalized by professional phagocytic cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells. Multiple pathogen-associated molecular patterns present on the mycobacterial surface are recognized by and interact with a diverse panel of phagocytic pattern recognition receptors, representing the first step of the infection process. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the numerous host cell receptors and their associated mycobacterial ligands or adhesins. It further discusses the downstream molecular and cellular events resulting from the engagement of the various receptor-mediated pathways, leading to either intracellular survival of mycobacteria or to activation of host immune defenses. The content presented herein on adhesins and host receptors may serve as a resource for those developing novel therapeutic approaches, e.g. in the design of antiadhesin molecules to prevent bacterial attachment and infection. The collection of mycobacterial surface molecules highlighted in this review may also provide potential new therapeutic targets, diagnostic markers, or vaccine candidates to combat these notoriously challenging and persistent pathogens.
Predicting Older Adults’ Continued Computer Use After Initial Adoption
Authors: Zhang Shenghao , Boot Walter R 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Sustained computer and internet use have the potential to help older adults in various aspects of their lives, making predicting sustained use a critical goal. However, some factors related to adoption and use (e.g., computer attitudes) change over time and with experience. To understand these dynamics, the current study modeled changes in constructs related to computer use after initial computer adoption and examined whether these changes predict continued use.

Research Design and Methods
We used data from the computer arm (N = 150, MAge = 76.15) of a 12-month field trial examining the potential benefits of computer use in older adults. Individual differences identified in the technology acceptance literature (perceived usefulness, ease of use, computer interest, computer self-efficacy, computer anxiety, quality of life, social isolation, and social support) were measured before (baseline), during (Month 6), and after the intervention (post-test). Univariate and bivariate latent change score models examined changes in each predictor and their potential causal relationship with use.

Results
Results demonstrated large interindividual differences in the change patterns of individual difference factors examined. Changes in perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, computer interest, computer self-efficacy, and computer anxiety were correlated with but not predictive of change in use.

Discussion and Implications
Our findings demonstrate the limitation of popular constructs in technology acceptance literature in predicting continued use and point out important gaps in knowledge to be targeted in future investigations.
Evaluation of the heat absorption performance of konjac glucomannan/starch aerogel
Authors: Qian Hong , Yang Jiaren , Peng Bo , Mi Fangfang , Li Wenjing , Yan Sicong , Wang Juan , Jiang Fatang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Polysaccharide-based aerogels show great potential in heat absorption, but it lacks comprehensive evaluation system for their endothermic properties. To fully assess their endothermic properties, konjac glucomannan (KGM)/starch aerogel was used and its heat absorption performance (HAP) was investigated. It was found that the heat absorption ability of the samples was attributed to thermal collapse of the samples at high temperature. The composition, structure, size and mass of aerogels would have effect on their HAP. The cellulose acetate (CA) aerogel showed better HAP than KGM/starch aerogel with the same volume. However, the performance of KGM/starch aerogel excelled CA under the same mass. These results were in accordance with the results obtained by thermal conductivity analyzer, which indicated the potential of the system to evaluate the HAP of the aerogels comprehensively.
Different TLR signaling pathways drive pathology in experimental cerebral malaria vs. malaria-driven liver and lung pathology
Authors: Wu Xianzhu , Dayanand Kiran K , Thylur Puttalingaiah Ramesh , Punnath Kishore , Norbury Christopher C , Gowda D Channe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Malaria infection causes multiple organ-specific lethal pathologies, including cerebral malaria, and severe liver and lung pathologies by inducing strong inflammatory responses. Gene polymorphism studies suggest that TLR4 and TLR2 contribute to severe malaria, but the roles of these signaling molecules in malaria pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. We hypothesize that danger-associated molecular patterns produced in response to malaria activate TLR2 and TLR4 signaling and contribute to liver and lung pathologies. By using a mouse model of Plasmodium berghei NK65 infection, we show that the combined TLR2 and TLR4 signaling contributes to malaria liver and lung pathologies and mortality. Macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and T cells infiltrate to the livers and lungs of infected wild-type mice more than TLR2,4−/− mice. Additionally, endothelial barrier disruption, tissue necrosis, and hemorrhage were higher in the livers and lungs of infected wild-type mice than in those of TLR2,4−/− mice. Consistent with these results, the levels of chemokine production, chemokine receptor expression, and liver and lung pathologic markers were higher in infected wild-type mice than in TLR2,4−/− mice. In addition, the levels of HMGB1, a potent TLR2- and TLR4-activating danger-associated molecular pattern, were higher in livers and lungs of wild-type mice than TLR2,4−/− mice. Treatment with glycyrrhizin, an immunomodulatory agent known to inhibit HMGB1 activity, markedly reduced mortality in wild-type mice. These results suggest that TLR2 and TLR4 activation by HMGB1 and possibly other endogenously produced danger-associated molecular patterns contribute to malaria liver and lung injury via signaling mechanisms distinct from those involved in cerebral malaria pathogenesis.
Filament collapse: a two phase process
Authors: Hoemann Elena , Heigl Stefan , Burkert Andreas 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Using numerical simulations, we investigate the gravitational evolution of filamentary molecular cloud structures and their condensation into dense protostellar cores. One possible process is the so-called edge effect, the pile-up of matter at the end of the filament due to self-gravity. This effect is predicted by theory but only rarely observed. To get a better understanding of the underlying processes we used a simple analytic approach to describe the collapse and the corresponding collapse time. We identify a model of two distinct phases. The first phase is free fall dominated, due to the self-gravity of the filament. In the second phase, after the turning point, the collapse is balanced by the ram pressure, produced by the inside material of the filament, which leads to a constant collapse velocity. This approach reproduces the established collapse time of uniform density filaments and agrees well with our hydrodynamic simulations. In addition, we investigate the influence of different radial density profiles on the collapse. We find that the deviations compared to the uniform filament are less than 10 per cent. Therefore, the analytic collapse model of the uniform density filament is an excellent general approach.
Binarity and beyond in A stars II. Disentangling the four stars in the vicinity of the triple HIP 87813 within the quintuple system HJ2814
Authors: Waisberg Idel , Klein Ygal , Katz Boaz 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
A-type stars are the progenitors of about half of the white dwarfs (WDs) that currently exist. The observational mappings of both multiplicities are far from complete and their connection is not known. We are in the process of obtaining tight constraints on a sample of 108 southern and nearby A-stars that are part of the VAST sample by conducting near-infrared (NIR) interferometric observations to the stars among them which have large Gaia-Hipparcos accelerations. In this paper, we combine spectroscopy, adaptive optics imaging, NIR interferometry, and Gaia-Hipparcos astrometry in order to disentangle the stars in the complicated HIP 87813 = HJ2814A system. We show that (i) a previously discovered faint star separated by 2 arcsec is actually a background source; (ii) the Gaia-Hipparcos acceleration is caused by a newly discovered M ∼ 0.77 M⊙ star that was missed in previous AO images and we solve for its a = 27 au (P ∼ 70 yrs) astrometric orbit; (iii) by combining archival spectra with interferometric observations, we show that the A star has a very close M ∼ 0.85 M⊙ companion on a a = 0.16 au (P = 13.4 d) orbit. The mutual inclination in the hierarchical triple is constrained to $\phi _{\mathrm{rel}}=46\pm 15^{^{\circ }}$ but Kozai–Lidov eccentricity oscillations in the inner binary are currently very small and damped by general relativistic precession. The system HJ2814 is one of only about fifteen known 5+ multiples with an A-star primary, and will result in a system of at least two WDs within about a Hubble time.
Morphological asymmetries of quasar host galaxies with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam
Authors: Tang Shenli , Silverman John D , Yesuf Hassen M , Ding Xuheng , Li Junyao , Bottrell Connor , Goulding Andy , Omori Kiyoaki Christopher , Toba Yoshiki , Kawaguchi Toshihiro 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
How does the host galaxy morphology influence a central quasar or vice versa? We address this question by measuring the asymmetries of 2424 SDSS quasar hosts at 0.2 &lt; z &lt; 0.8 using broad-band (grizy) images from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program. Control galaxies (without quasars) are selected by matching the redshifts and stellar masses of the quasar hosts. A two-step pipeline is run to decompose the PSF and Sérsic components and then measure asymmetry indices (ACAS, Aouter, and Ashape) of each quasar host and control galaxy. We find a mild correlation between host asymmetry and AGN bolometric luminosity (Lbol) for the full sample (spearman correlation of 0.37) while a stronger trend is evident at the highest luminosities (Lbol &gt; 45). This then manifests itself into quasar hosts being more asymmetric, on average, when they harbour a more massive and highly accreting black hole. The merger fraction also positively correlates with Lbol and reaches up to 35 per cent for the most luminous. Compared to control galaxies, quasar hosts are marginally more asymmetric (excess of 0.017 in median at 9.4σ level) and the merger fractions are similar ($\sim 16.5~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$). We quantify the dependence of asymmetry on optical band that demonstrates that mergers are more likely to be identified with the bluer bands and the correlation between Lbol and asymmetry is also stronger in such bands. We stress that the band dependence, indicative of a changing stellar population, is an important factor in considering the influence of mergers on AGN activity.
Stellar associations powering H ii regions – I. Defining an evolutionary sequence
Authors: Scheuermann Fabian , Kreckel Kathryn , Barnes Ashley T , Belfiore Francesco , Groves Brent , Hannon Stephen , Lee Janice C , Minsley Rebecca , Rosolowsky Erik , Bigiel Frank , Blanc Guillermo A , Boquien Médéric , Dale Daniel A , Deger Sinan , Egorov Oleg V , Emsellem Eric , Glover Simon C O , Grasha Kathryn , Hassani Hamid , Jeffreson Sarah M R , Klessen Ralf S , Kruijssen J M Diederik , Larson Kirsten L , Leroy Adam K , Lopez Laura A , Pan Hsi-An , Sánchez-Blázquez Patricia , Santoro Francesco , Schinnerer Eva , Thilker David A , Whitmore Bradley C , Watkins Elizabeth J , Williams Thomas G 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Connecting the gas in H ii regions to the underlying source of the ionizing radiation can help us constrain the physical processes of stellar feedback and how H ii regions evolve over time. With PHANGS–MUSE, we detect nearly 24 000 H ii regions across 19 galaxies and measure the physical properties of the ionized gas (e.g. metallicity, ionization parameter, and density). We use catalogues of multiscale stellar associations from PHANGS–HST to obtain constraints on the age of the ionizing sources. We construct a matched catalogue of 4177 H ii regions that are clearly linked to a single ionizing association. A weak anticorrelation is observed between the association ages and the $\mathrm{H}\, \alpha$ equivalent width $\mathrm{EW}(\mathrm{H}\, \alpha)$, the $\mathrm{H}\, \alpha/\mathrm{FUV}$ flux ratio, and the ionization parameter, log q. As all three are expected to decrease as the stellar population ages, this could indicate that we observe an evolutionary sequence. This interpretation is further supported by correlations between all three properties. Interpreting these as evolutionary tracers, we find younger nebulae to be more attenuated by dust and closer to giant molecular clouds, in line with recent models of feedback-regulated star formation. We also observe strong correlations with the local metallicity variations and all three proposed age tracers, suggestive of star formation preferentially occurring in locations of locally enhanced metallicity. Overall, $\mathrm{EW}(\mathrm{H}\, \alpha)$ and log q show the most consistent trends and appear to be most reliable tracers for the age of an H ii region.
New biochemistry in the Rhodanese-phosphatase superfamily: emerging roles in diverse metabolic processes, nucleic acid modifications, and biological conflicts
Authors: Burroughs A Maxwell , Aravind L 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe protein-tyrosine/dual-specificity phosphatases and rhodanese domains constitute a sprawling superfamily of Rossmannoid domains that use a conserved active site with a cysteine to catalyze a range of phosphate-transfer, thiotransfer, selenotransfer and redox activities. While these enzymes have been extensively studied in the context of protein/lipid head group dephosphorylation and various thiotransfer reactions, their overall diversity and catalytic potential remain poorly understood. Using comparative genomics and sequence/structure analysis, we comprehensively investigate and develop a natural classification for this superfamily. As a result, we identified several novel clades, both those which retain the catalytic cysteine and those where a distinct active site has emerged in the same location (e.g. diphthine synthase-like methylases and RNA 2′ OH ribosyl phosphate transferases). We also present evidence that the superfamily has a wider range of catalytic capabilities than previously known, including a set of parallel activities operating on various sugar/sugar alcohol groups in the context of NAD+-derivatives and RNA termini, and potential phosphate transfer activities involving sugars and nucleotides. We show that such activities are particularly expanded in the RapZ-C-DUF488-DUF4326 clade, defined here for the first time. Some enzymes from this clade are predicted to catalyze novel DNA-end processing activities as part of nucleic-acid-modifying systems that are likely to function in biological conflicts between viruses and their hosts.
Policy approaches to nutrition-focused food banking in industrialized countries: a scoping review
Authors: Mossenson Sharonna , Pulker Claire E , Giglia Roslyn , Pollard Christina M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
This review aims to synthesize the literature describing policy approaches to nutrition-focused food banking in industrialized countries, spanning the period 2000 to October 2021.

Background
The charitable food system provides food assistance to increasing numbers of people experiencing food insecurity in industrialized countries. Calls to improve the nutrition quality of foods provided by foods banks, pantries, and shelves have increased, yet little is known about the challenges faced when initiating policy in this setting.

Methods
A protocol based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews Guidelines was developed and registered with Open Science Framework. Four electronic databases (MEDLINE [Ovid], Global Health, ProQuest, and Scopus) were searched for peer-reviewed articles published in English. A gray literature search was conducted using Google Advanced Search.

Results
Of 642 peer-reviewed articles screened, 15 were eligible for inclusion. In addition, 24 gray literature documents were included. These 39 papers were assessed against the Iron Triangle of Hunger Relief and the Campbell et al framework of organizational factors. Six themes were identified: (1) there is a moral imperative to take action to ensure the provision of appropriate and nutritious food for vulnerable clients; (2) nutrition policies are unlikely to be formalized; (3) the unpredictability of donated food is a barrier to providing healthy foods; (4) reliance on donations affects the sector’s willingness to reduce the unhealthy inventory for fear of losing donors, and the challenges of managing donor relationships were emphasized; (5) organizational capacity (volunteer workforce, executive leadership support) must be considered; (6) the existing measure of success is a weight-based metric that does not support food banks’ prioritizing of healthy foods. These, and other characteristics, were incorporated into an adapted framework.

Conclusion
There is a need and opportunity for nutrition-focused food banking. A priority action area is the adoption of an outcome metric that is based on nutritional quality, to reorient the charitable food system.
Introduction
Authors: Mordden Ethan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This introductory chapter provides an overview of both the plays and the people that introduced gay culture to the American stage. These plays either treat strong gay content (like The Boys in the Band), minor gay content (like Season In the Sun), or even a phrase in passing (like the joke in New Faces of 1956 about Rome’s piazza Di Spagna). Other plays portray gay through dog whistles—such as Bell, Book and Candle—while the sense of parody or outright camp in others (like Little Mary Sunshine) are at least gay-adjacent. The chapter also introduces the writers, actors, and creatives who had little interest in portraying gay lives even though they are gay themselves. These pre-Stonewall eminences—such as writer Edward Albee and actor-manager Eva Le Gallienne—are as much a part of the chronicle as such overtly gay-in-content writers as Terrence McNally.
The 1950s
Authors: Mordden Ethan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter considers the influence of Tallulah Bankhead’s A Streetcar Named Desire in 1956. It describes how the play had been potently homosocial and that everyone who attended the performance and the surrounding staff was struck gay and never returned. Tallulah’s valence as a gay icon correlates to her appeal to gay men and her contribution to the spirit of liberation instead of her numerous affairs with women, including Eva Le Gallienne. The chapter then lists the varying specialized works of Tallulah that required her unique improvisations and camp humor, such as Ziegfeld Follies in 1956. Additionally, it provides an overview of the works and contributions to the gay theatre of Truman Capote, William Inge, John Latouche, and Noel Coward.
The 1970s
Authors: Mordden Ethan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter looks into the proliferation of gay characters in media such as theatre, magazines, and television from the 1960s onwards. It notes how Gordon Merrick’s The Lord Won’t Mind (1970) became a Zeitgeist novel as a Stonewall-era infrastructure was developing. Likewise, After Dark (1968) became the Zeitgeist magazine that covered theatre, film, pop and classical music, cabaret, fashion, and travel alongside illustrations that are as homoerotic as The Lord Won’t Mind. The chapter then considers how the Stonewall culture was taking shape in New York. Moreover, it recognizes the theatres and musicals’ efforts to up their commitment to discovering the existence of gay people through performances such as Applause (1970), The Boys In the Band (1968), La Cage Aux Folles (1983), and Tubstrip (1973).
The 1990s and 2000s
Authors: Mordden Ethan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter looks at how gay culture has been featured in theatre plays. It discusses the quality and themes of Terence McNally’s plays, for example Love! Valor! Compassion! (1994) and Kiss of the Spider Woman (1993). Most of his works are either openly or subtly gay. Musicals were becoming very comfortable with gay emancipation by the 1990s. Thus, plays like The Faggot and When Pigs Fly seem to have a strong political leaning but they didn’t contain much in the way of comedy. However, Avenue Q (2003) takes a unique stance with catchy music, clever lyrics, and an extra layer of fun similar to Sesame Street. The chapter also raises the problem of characters being stereotyped and Hollywood homophobia.
More than Toil
Authors: Lynn Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter introduces the American evangelical faith and work movement. Beginning in the mid-century decades, American evangelicals began pouring resources and energies into organizations and efforts that could confer meaning on secular work. A review of books published through this era reveals a growing worry about the secular world of “Monday,” a term that represents larger anxieties of the economic realm. A sociological analysis suggests that this concern was a product of changing social-institutional dynamics that shaped the lifeworlds of conservative evangelicalism. The result of these shifts was a constituency of conservative religious adherents operating at the intersection of two highly demanding meaning systems: a conservative religious framework demanding whole-life devotion and a careerist-based orientation to high-status work also making demands on energy and identity. The faith and work movement is presented as a means of negotiating American evangelicalism’s entry into these work-intensive, career-centric spaces, a space the author labels “creative-class capitalism.”
From Culture Wars to Cultural Stewardship
Authors: Lynn Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter looks at the manner in which high-status leaders of the faith and work movement seek to drastically revise evangelicalism’s more fundamental orientation to wider American culture. An account of a faith and work conference in Manhattan provides a snapshot view of how faith and work thinking seeks to make peace with the “worldly” order of secular institutions and economic structures. Leaders of the movement find themselves working against both a cultural retreatism of earlier fundamentalism as well as a culture-warring mentality of more recent political evangelicalism. The central theological resource for steering theology toward a more peaceful orientation to culture is the work of Dutch theologian and thinker Abraham Kuyper. The author analyzes how a “Kuyperian humanism”—premised on recognizing a common grace present among non-religious activity—provides the means to overcome a church-world dualism or resistance to participation in secular institutions. This Kuyperian humanism is then evaluated as a means of assisting elite American evangelicals in assimilating into the dominant structures of American society, drawing on prior historical work on processes of assimilation among Mainline Protestant and Roman Catholic populations.