bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of European Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System in Stratifying Malignancy Risk of Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective Study
Authors: Nabahati Mehrdad , Moazezi Zoleika 
Published: June 2023

Background:
There is a limited number of studies reporting the performance of European Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (EU-TIRADS) guideline in identifying thyroid nodule malignancy. We aimed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of EU-TIRADS regardless of thyroid nodule size.

Methods:
During August 2019-November 2021, subjects with thyroid nodules were prospectively included. Sonographic characteristics were recorded and scored as per EU-TIRADS guideline. Finally, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed, and cytological findings were reported.

Results:
Totally, 1266 thyroid nodules from 984 subjects were assessed, of which 295 nodules were smaller than 10 mm and 971 nodules were 10 mm or larger. Among nodules <10 mm, prevalence rates of malignancy for EU-TIRADS classes 2–5 were 0.0%, 3.7%, 20.6%, and 40.9%, respectively; these rates among nodules ≥10 mm were 2.3%, 4.0%, 19.3%, and 43.2%, respectively. The accuracy values of EU-TIRADS class 5 and EU-TIRADS class 4 or 5 in diagnosis of malignancy for nodules <10 mm were 86.4% and 79.7%, respectively; these rates for nodules ≥10 mm were 83.8% and 76.3%, respectively. Hypoechogenicity, microcalcification, ill-defined and irregular margins were predictors for malignancy regardless of thyroid nodule size.

Conclusion:
EU-TIRADS could provide an acceptable malignancy risk stratification that is helpful for better distinguishing benignity from malignancy, as well as preventing unnecessary FNA biopsies, in thyroid nodules irrespective of their size.
Clinical intervention of poly herbal Siddha preparation Karpa nei in the treatment of polycystic ovarian disease
Authors: Stephen Rajiah Mary Princess Sulekha , Sundar Rajan Priyadharshini , Sathiyamurthy Archana , Sivagnanam Mathukumar 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) is one of the most common gynecological disorders of women with sedentary lifestyle. It is considered as a problem of anovulation and infertility, which is characterized by irregular menstruation, insulin resistance, hirsutism, and obesity. PCOD affects 5%–10% of women population all over the world and in India depending upon the diagnostic criteria used, the prevalence estimates vary between 8.2% and 22.5%. It is the most common cause of infertility. The classic clinical features of PCOD such as hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, acne, acanthosis nigricans and infertility can be compared with the Sinnaippai neerkattigal in various traditional Siddha literatures. Many herbal, polyherbal, herbo-mineral formulations are indicated for the disease in ancient Siddha texts. One of such polyherbal formulation is Karpa nei, which is mentioned in the text of Marundhu vagadam (Ettu murai) for treating Sinnaipai neerkatti. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Karpa nei, as internal medicine in treating PCOD.

Materials and Methods:
The trial medicine Karpa nei is administered to 8 female patients with Sinnaipai neerkatti who attended the Sool Magalir Maruthuvam outpatient department of Sri Sairam Siddha Medical College and Research Centre.

Results:
This clinical study shows the reduction of symptoms and regulation of menstrual disturbance. The efficacy of Karpa nei is depending upon the active principles present in the ingredients of the poly herbal preparation.

Conclusion:
It was concluded that the trial medicine Karpa nei provided a positive end point in treating PCOD.
Lettera in Proverbi by Antonio Vignali: Paremiological Study
Authors: Sardelli Maria Antonella 
Published: June 2023

In the volume entitled Las cartas en refranes en España en el siglo XVI: Blasco de Garay (Sardelli, in press) we approach the study of letters in sayings in the Spanish literary tradition of the 16th century, with special attention to the work of Blasco de Garay, the maximum representative of this genre that combines the epistolary model and the use-abuse of sayings. In the same tradition, some Italian works of the 16th century seem to have been conceived with the same intention of playing with the proverb, so that the paremiological element becomes the very skeleton of an epistle which, deprived of this sententious charge, also loses all possible meaning.
In this work, we will devote ourselves to the paremiological analysis of an exemplary letter of this peculiar genre, the Lettera in proverbi by Antonio Vignali, which contains more than 300 sententious statements and phraseological units. After classifying the paremias found, we will analyse the methodology of their insertion in the text and their function in the economy of the letter.
IMPLEMENTASI MODUL INTERVENSI KEPERAWATAN DENGAN HIPNOSIS 5 JARI DAN MUROTTAL DALAM MENCEGAH PREEKLAMPSIA
Authors: Hasnah Hasnah , Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , Gani Nurul , Darti Darti , Nurkhalisah Nurkhalisah , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin 
Published: June 2023

<div>Indonesia merupakan Negara dengan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) yang tinggi untuk Benua Asia Tenggara sebesar 190 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. AKI telah mengalami perbaikan setiap tahunnya, namun masih jauh dari capaian SDG’s 2015 sampai 2030 sebanyak 70/100.000 kelahiran hidup. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada ibu hamil</div><div>pencegahan pre eclampsia melalui hypnosis 5 jari dan murottal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas SamataKab.Gowa dan dayakan ibu hamil secara mandiri dalam mencegah pre eclampsia ibu hamil melalui intervensi hypnosis 5 jari. Pengabdian ini menggunakan pendekatan participation Action Research (PAR). Pengabdian dilaksanakan di Aula Puskesmas Samata Kab.Gowa. Pengabdian masyarakat akan dilaksanakan pada hari Jumat, 30 September 2022. Rancangan Pengabdian</div><div>masyarakat adalah implementasi PAR dengan rancangan edukasi dan demonstrasi dengan menggunakan desain penelitian Kelompok hanya terdiri dari satu intervensi yaitu hypnosis 5 jari sambil mendengarkan terapi murottal. Hasilnya ibu hami dan petugas puskesmas antusias mengikuti kegiatan. Peserta dapat mendemonstrasikan cara hypnosis lima jari. Kesimpulannya adalah</div><div>hypnosis 5 jari dapat memberikan stimulant rasa tenang sehingga dapat mencegah peningkatantekanan darah dan menvegah terjadinyaa pre eklampsia</div>
Utilization of Mobile Maternal Health Services among Women of Reproductive Age in Makueni County, Kenya
Authors: Mumo Joyce , Tai Sarah , Kipkalom Rosebella 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The research sought to evaluate mobile maternal health service use among women within reproductive age in Makueni County, Kenya.
Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in Makueni County. Kibwezi East and Kaiti Sub-Counties were purposively selected. Ukia ward from Kaiti sub-county and Nzambani ward from Kibwezi East sub-county were randomly selected using folded pieces of paper. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Questionnaires were the tools used for quantitative data while guides for key informant were used to collect data qualitatively. The study systematically sampled 367 women of reproductive age as primary respondents from households at a sampling interval of 5. Twelve Key Informant Interviewees were purposively selected to provide additional qualitative data which were community health extension workers and healthcare providers. The research instruments were pretested at Kilome Sub County before actual data collection. Analytical correctional statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 20.0. Pie-charts, frequency tables and graphs were used to present data. Triangulation of data collected qualitatively with quantitative data was done and presented as direct quotes. Tests of Chi-Square were done at 95% CI and an error of precision of 0.05 to calculate inferential statistics showing variable associations. Ethical considerations were taken into account and informed consent acquired from participants.
Findings: The study concludes that 40.6% of respondents utilized mobile maternal health services in Makueni County. The most common service sought was antenatal care. Distance from health facilities was the main reason for using mobile maternal health services. Majority of individual factors such as average family income (p=0.001), parity (p=0.019), type of pregnancy related complication experienced (p=0.027) and awareness (p=0.006) influenced use of mobile maternal health services. About 59.9% of respondents had a positive attitude towards mobile maternal health services and attitude (p=0.010) significantly affected mobile maternal health service use. Further, the study concludes that most health system factors including facility distance (p=0.001), source of information (p=0.012), waiting time (p=0.004), affordability (p=0.013) and experience with healthcare providers (p=0.023) played a key role in influencing utilization mobile maternal health services.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: These results would inform policy makers to craft interventions seeking to advance mobile maternal health services utilization. This would further avoid preventable complications thus improving maternal and health outcomes of children in the country.
Forensic Accounting Techniques and Procurement Practices in Federal Government Parastatals of Nigeria
Authors: Olabode Aremu , Moses Olayinka 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The application of forensic accounting techniques in public procurement practices helps to maintain value for money. Loss attributable to fraud in the public sector environment due to leakages in procurement practices, which in turn affected the economic growth and development of the nation. Evidence from literature showed that many public sector of Nigeria have not deployed forensic accounting techniques in deriving maximum value from government spending. Hence, the study investigated the effect of forensic accounting techniques on procurement practices in public sector of Nigeria. This study therefore examines the effect of forensic accounting techniques on procurement practices in Federal Government parastatals in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design.
Methodology: The population of the study was 5 federal government agencies. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 2 agencies. The target population of the study was 131 accountants in the two agencies chosen- Nigeria Port Authority and Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority. Total enumeration was adopted. A validated and structured questionnaire was used to administer 131 copies of the questionnaire to the respondents. 126 copies were retrieved which represented 96% retrieval rate. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients ranged from 0.740 – 0.892. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) statistics at 5% level of significant.
Findings: The result found that forensic accounting techniques had significant effect on value for money practice in public sector of Nigeria (Adj. R2 = 0.299; F (6, 125) = 14.352, p < 0.05).
The result also found that forensic accounting techniques had positive significant effect on procurement practices (Adj. R2 = 0.270, F (6, 125) = 12.562, p <0.05). The study concluded that forensic accounting techniques influenced value for money practices (measured by procurement practices) in federal public sector of Nigeria.
Recommendations: The study therefore recommended that government should formulate policy that will mandate the use of forensic accounting techniques in order to avoid leakages and achieve value for money in government businesses.
Peran Penyuluh Pertanian dalam Pengendalian Hama Ulat Penggerek Batang Tanaman Padi yang Dilakukan oleh Petani di Kampung Desay Distrik Prafi Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Carolina Diana Mual  , Satya Vidarma  , Yudhisa Henry Prabowo  
Published: June 2023

Latar belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari mengenai strategi yang diambil oleh penyuluh dalam melaksanakan perannya di kampung Desay, Distrik Prafi, Kabupaten Manokwari, Papua Barat serta mengkaji apa saja peran penyuluh yang mempengaruhi petani dalam pengendalian hama penggerek batang tanaman padi.
Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, menggunakan metode Deskriptive kualitatif dengan Objek yang akan diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah Peran Penyuluh Terhadap Petani Dalam Pengendalian Hama Ulat Penggerek Batang Tanaman Padi Oleh Petani sedangkan yang dijadikan subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Penyuluh dan petani yang ada di Kampung Desay. Responden dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yang menentukan kriteria-kriteria tertentu untuk dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode snowball/bola salju, yang mana data diambil dari beberapa sampel baik itu petani dan juga penyuluh melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi berapapun jumlah sampelnya apabila dirasa sudah cukup dan memenuhi target yang dimaksud dalam penelitian maka dapat dikatakan cukup. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan Teknik analisisTrigulasi data, dengan model Miles dan Huberman yang memiliki 3 tahapan yaitu reduksi data, data display dan juga conclusion drawing.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan, strategi yang diambil oleh penyuluh dalam melaksanakan perannya dilapangan yaitu, dengan melakukan kunjungan kelapangan untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang menjadi kendala petani dalam melaksanakan usaha taninya.
Kesimpulan: Penyuluh akan melakukan koordinasi dengan pengamat hama apabila terdapat serangan hama dan juga penyakit. Setelah pengamat hama melakukan kajian, apabila hasil kajian menyatakan bahwa serangan hama sudah mencapai intensitas serangan yang perlu dilakukan pengendalian agar tidak menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi bagi petani, maka pengamat hama akan menurunkan bantuan dan penyuluh akan membantu dalam melaksanakan eksekusi dilapangan. Peran penyuluh yang mempengaruhi petani yang dilakukan dalam pengendalian hama penggerek batang tanaman padi yaitu sebagai seorang fasilitator.
Evaluasi Kinerja BPP Kostratani di Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Yohanes Yan Makabori  , Berlyn Eka Aprianti  , Djaka Mastuti  
Published: June 2023

Latar belakang: Penyuluhan Pertanian memegang peranan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya petani. Dalam pelaksanaan sistem penyuluhan ada hambatan-hambatan yang mempengaruhi jalannya kegiatan dan keberhasilan penyuluhan. Faktor penghambat kinerja penyuluh apa saja yang mempengaruhi jalannya penyuluhan di wilayah kerja BPP tersebut.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian ini meliputi tiga Balai Penyuluh Pertanian (BPP) yang ada di daerah Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat diantaranya BPP Nuni Distrik Manokwari Utara, BPP Warmare Distrik Warmare, dan BPP Marina Distrik Manokwari Barat. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan Teknik Snowball Sampling. Sementara teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan observasi, wawancara mendalam dengan informan serta pemanfaatan dokumen tertulis. Teknik analisis data yaitu dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan.
Hasil: Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses pelaksanaan BPP Kostratani di Kabupaten Manokwari tidak berjalan efektif.
Kesimpulan: Lima fungsi kostratani menunjukkan berjalan dengan baik hanya pada proses pelaksanaannya sedangkan bentuk program tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan BPP kostratani sehingga tidak berjalan efektif. Dari perbandingan ini menujukkan hasil pelaksanaan program tidak efisien dalam pencapaian tujuan.
Efisiensi Biaya Peremajaan Kelapa Sawit Pola Swadaya di Desa Sei Putih
Authors: Daniel Noviardi Sitorus  , Sakti Hutabarat  , Didi Muwardi  
Published: June 2023

Efisiensi biaya yang dimaksud dalam penelitian ini adalah mengendalikan biaya agar pertindak efisien yaitu hasil akhir tidak jauh menyimpang dari standar yang telah ditentukan dengan cara membandingkan biaya sesungguhnya denga biaya standar sehingga dapat dicapai suatu efisiensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan standar biaya peremajaan nasional dengan biaya peremajaan kelapa sawit swadaya dan mengetahui efisiensi biaya peremajaan pekebun swadaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sei Putih Kecamatan Tapung yang terletak di Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2020 sampai bulan Mei 2022. Studi ini menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik sensus, dimana semua pekebun yang tergabung dalam kelompok tani Rezeki Baru dijadikan sampel. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif, untuk menjawab tujuan pertama, sedangkan untuk tujuan kedua menggunakan analisis efisiensi biaya peremajaan. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan standar biaya nasional peremajaan kelapa sawit di daerah Riau pada tahun 2015 dan 2016 adalah sebesar Rp 62.762.000,-/ha, sedangkan biaya rata-rata yang dikeluarkan pekebun pada peremajaan kelapa sawit sebesar Rp 52.045.898,-/ha. Selisih biaya rata-rata peremajaan yang dikeluarkan pekebun dengan biaya yang ditetapkan pemerintah yaitu sebesar 17,07%. Rasio efisiensi biaya menunjukkan nilai 82,93%, yang artinya peremajaan yang dilakukan pekebun kelompok tani Rezeki Baru tidak baik. Biaya peremajaan yang kurang efisien ini dikarenakan adanya kegiatan peremajaan yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah tidak dilakukan oleh pekebun sebagaimana mestinya, sehingga mengakibatkan adanya perbedaan biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh pekebun.
Pengaruh Pre-Cooking terhadap Kualitas Fisik dan Total Bakteri Dakgalbi Kaleng
Authors: Nurul Khasanah  , Endy Triyannanto  , Muhlisin Muhlisin  
Published: June 2023

Pre-cooking disinyalir dapat menghilangkan lemak dan menambah keempukan daging pada produk dakgalbi kemasan kaleng. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan mengetahui pengaruh lama pre-cooking terhadap kualitas fisik (pH, DIA dan hardness) dan total bakteri pada dakgalbi (ayam pedas korea) kaleng. Bahan utama yang digunakan pada penelitian ini antara lain daging ayam bagian dada, kentang, dan wortel. Bumbu yang digunakan pada penelitian ini antara lain saus gochujang, bawang putih, bubuk cabai, gula, jahe, merica bubuk, minyak wijen dan kecap asin. Perlakuan pre-cooking dengan metode pemasakan hot boiling (perebusan) pada suhu 90ºC yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 0; 2,5; 5; 7,5; dan 10 menit. Hasil pemasakan dakgalbi akan dikalengkan melalui proses sterilisasi suhu 121ºC selama 45 menit dan dilanjutkan dengan pengujian. Data dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola searah dan dilanjutkan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Daya ikat air (DIA) berkisar antara 43,95 sampai 59,16%. Daya ikat air penelitian ini menurun dengan adanya perlakuan pre-cooking, akan tetapi tidak ada pengaruh nyata pada perlakuan 0; 5; dan 10 menit (P>0,05). Hardness pada kisaran 649,12 sampai 8439,10 gr. Hardness penelitian ini menurun dengan adanya perlakuan pre-cooking, akan tetapi tidak ada pengaruh nyata pada perlakuan 0; 2,5; 5 dan 10 menit (P>0,05). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, tidak ada pengaruh nyata pada rentang pH 5,35 sampai 5,64 (P>0,05). Pre-cooking dakgalbi menunjukkan tidak terdeteksi adanya bakteri (ND) pada pengenceran 10-3 dan 10-4. Pre-cooking selama 5 menit disarankan untuk mendapatkan kualitas fisik dan total bakteri yang baik dengan waktu lebih efisien.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Competitiveness of Medium size Enterprises in Kenya: The Mediating Role of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Onyango Isaiah Olale , Ngugi Patrick Karanja , Paul Samson Nyang’au 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The study sought to establish the mediating effect of CSR on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and competitiveness of Medium-Size Enterprises in Kenya. Descriptive and exploratory research design was used.
Methodology: The study used the stratified random sampling technique as it ensured that all listed companies is represented according to the various sectors. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for analysis.
Findings: The results show enough evidence that EO positively influence competitiveness of Medium-Size Enterprises and that, CSR significantly and fully mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and the competitiveness of Medium-Size Enterprises in Kenya.
Unique Contributions to Theory, Policy and Practice: Regarding managerial implications, the study provides knowledge to managers over the processes of shaping strategy and decision making, stressing the importance of both encouraging the development of EO capabilities and focusing efforts on CSR to improve Medium-Size Enterprises competitiveness.
Puah Reservoir, Malaysia: A Preliminary Limnological Finding at the Newly Operated Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project (HTHEP)
Authors: Effendi Alyaa Filza , Abubakar M K , Ruddin A S , Saidin A N , Husin S M , Shukor A Md 
Published: June 2023

In this study we present a first limnological characterization of Puah Reservoir (surface area of 69.79km2) since completion in 2014 and filling in 2015. The results obtained from seven sampling points shows the overall average values, standard deviation and range (min – max) of the physico-chemical parameters investigated in Puah Reservoir for twelve (12) months (Jan – Dec 2016) sampling. Puah Reservoir overall average surface water parameters recorded are water temperature (29.83 ± 1.78 ?C ; 24.10 – 33.70 ?C); dissolved oxygen (DO) (6.17 ± 0.95 mg/L ; 4.00 – 8.74 mg/L); chemical oxygen demand (COD) (17.67 ± 8.18 mg/L ; 2.00 – 39.00 mg/L), biological oxygen demand (BOD) (2.41 ± 1.38 mg/L ; 0.30 – 6.90 mg/L), pH (6.73 ± 0.47 ; 5.79 – 8.51), total suspended solid (TSS) (3.62 ± 2.23 mg/L ; 1.10 – 16.50 mg/L); nitrate (NO3-) (0.01 ± 0.01 mg/L ; 0.00 – 0.04 mg/L), nitrite (NO2-) (1.14 ± 0.88 mg/L; 0.00 – 4.00 mg/L); phosphorus (PO4-) (0.48 ± 0.28 mg/L ; 0.18 – 1.40 mg/L) and ammonia-N (NH4-N) (0.19 ± 0.15 mg/L ; 0.00 – 0.70 mg/L). Calculation of Water Quality Index (WQI) based on six (6) parameters shows that sampling stations at Puah Reservoir are in Class II with an average of 87.58 (Class II). Based on WQI for Class II, it has been proposed suitable for recreational activities involving the body contact, drinking water resources with conventional treatment and suitable for sensitive aquatic species. In summary, thermal stratification in Puah Reservoir was identified within range of 2 – 5 meter vertical depth.
Growth Patterns and Reproduction of Hampala Barb (Hampala macrolepidota) Kuhl and Van Hasselt 1823 in Jatigede Reservoir, West Java Indonesia
Authors: Herawati Titin , Yustiatia Ayi , Nurhayatia Atikah 
Published: June 2023

The indigenous species of the Cimanuk River that can adapt to the stagnant waters of the Jatigede Reservoir is the hampala barb. This fish grows and breeds well; it has an ecological function as a predatory fish from the cyprinidae family. Its economic function is that it can be traded in the Jatigede Reservoir. However, its growth pattern, condition, and reproduction factors have yet to be widely known. The research was conducted for six months (September - December 2017 and January - February 2018). The research aimed to find the growth pattern, condition factors, and reproductive characteristics of the hampala barb. Field survey research method, composite fish sampling from five research stations, data calculated using fisheries biology methods. The results showed that the growth was negative allometric. b value of male fish was 2.429; female fish was 2.717; good condition factor K value of male fish was 1.17 to 1.47, and female fish was 1.16 to 1.38. Reproduction is a partially spawn.