bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CleanScape: An Augmented Reality Intervention for Assessing and Treating Contamination-Based Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Ji Yuhan , Luo Yilin , Chen Roujing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is evidence indicating a worsening of pre-existing mental health conditions, with a notable focus on contamination-based Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Although Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) currently serves as the primary psychological intervention for OCD, substantial variability in treatment outcomes exists, marked by insufficient symptom improvement and noteworthy rates of refusal and attrition. These challenges are partly attributed to difficulties in realistically simulating intrusive thoughts within clinical settings. Augmented Reality (AR) emerges as a potential solution to address these limitations, offering the possibility to create controlled, anxiety-provoking scenarios. To evaluate the potential effectiveness of AR in treating contamination-based OCD, an experiment was conducted with 22 patients who underwent AR exposure and response prevention across five scenarios of varying severity. A control group of 22 patients participated in the same experiment concurrently. Both subjective and objective measures of distress were documented. Exposure to the virtual elements induced elevated levels of state anxiety in both groups, with significantly higher levels observed in the contamination-based OCD group. The results indicate that the developed AR scenarios effectively elicit emotional responses. Therefore, these scenarios can be utilized as a complementary approach in the treatment of contamination-based OCD.
Clinical characteristics of male lymphedema: A single center-experience
Authors: Özdemir Hande 
Published: January 2025

Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of male patients. Methods Retrospective data were collected from the files of 52 male patients with lymphedema. Duration, diagnostic category, localization and stage of lymphedema, and complaints were analyzed and reported. In addition, subgroups based on age, lymphedema etiology and cellulite history were compared in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. Results The most common cause of lymphedema was chronic venous insufficiency (32.7%), followed by cancer-related lymphedema (30.8%). The location of the lymphedema varied, with 46.2% having it in the unilateral lower extremity, 32.7% in both lower extremities, and smaller percentages in the upper extremities, genital area, and head and neck. The median duration of lymphedema was 12 months, and the most common referral source was cardiovascular surgeons. The most common symptoms reported were swelling and feeling of heaviness. Approximately 23.1% of patients had a history of cellulitis. Non-cancer related lymphedema patients had higher body mass index and longer duration, and a third of them had a history of cellulitis, unlike cancer-related lymphedema patients. Conclusion It is crucial to acknowledge that lymphedema can also affect men. Prompt diagnosis of men with potential risk factors, such as chronic venous insufficiency and cancer, is vital to prevent lymphedema and its associated complications.
An exploration of women’s occupational participation and identity during menopause: Descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Daly Róise , Hynes Sinéad M 
Published: January 2025

Background: The menopause transition is a significant stage of a woman’s life, marking the transition from reproductive to postreproductive life. Occupational identity often shifts in response to life transitions but this has not been explored in relation to menopause. Therefore, our study aims to explore women’s experiences of menopause through an occupational perspective, in relation to occupational participation and occupational identity. Method: A descriptive qualitative design was implemented. Semistructured interviews were completed with five perimenopausal women online via Microsoft teams. Reflexive thematic analysis was employed to analyse data gathered. Findings: The findings of this study revealed that a lack of understanding and awareness during the initial stages of menopause negatively affected women’s well-being. Women faced disruptions to their engagement in meaningful occupations, which in turn, impacted their occupational competence and occupational identity. The experience of menopausal-related changes influenced women’s sense of self-efficacy in engaging in occupations and roles that aligned with their occupational identity. Conclusion: Women face significant occupational disruption during the menopause transition. Negative impacts on occupational identity and participation were evident from the participants. This study explores menopausal women’s experiences from an occupational perspective and findings offer potential direction for future research.
Linear Programming Optimization of Local Food-Based Recommendations for Undernourished Urban Poor Malaysian Children Aged 2 to 5 Years
Authors: Miow Yee Xuen , Gan Wan Ying , Fahmida Umi , Lim Poh Ying , Appannah Geeta 
Published: January 2025

Background Poor diet quality may contribute to undernutrition, particularly affecting young children from low-income households. Therefore, affordable and healthy local food-based recommendations (FBRs) are needed. Objectives This study aimed to (1) identify problem nutrient(s), (2) identify locally available nutrient-dense food sources that can provide adequate nutrients to meet the recommended dietary intakes of undernourished urban poor children aged 2–5 years, and (3) use linear programming to recommend a daily diet based on the current food patterns that achieves dietary adequacy and meets average food costs for these children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Seremban, Malaysia. Three-day 24hour dietary recalls were collected from the mothers (n = 168). Food costs were estimated using market surveys. The FBRs were formulated by linear programming analysis using Optifood software. Results Folate was an “absolute problem nutrient” (such a nutrient does not achieve the 100% recommended nutrient intake even upon diet optimization). Full-cream milk, chocolate malted milk, fortified cornflakes, and chicken egg were the common locally available nutrient-dense foods that would provide adequate nutrients to meet the recommended dietary intakes of undernourished urban poor children. The final FBR set would ensure dietary adequacy for eight to nine of 11 nutrients at a cost of ringgit Malaysia (RM) 4.80/day (US $1.05/day) and RM6.20/day (US $1.34/day), depending on the age group. Conclusions Interventions are required to ensure dietary adequacy for undernourished urban poor children under 5 years old. Dietary adequacy could be improved via realistic changes in habitual food consumption practices.
Engagement in child psychiatry department appointments: An analysis of electronic medical records in one safety-net hospital in New England, USA
Authors: Aguilar Silvan Yesenia , Fortuna Lisa R , Spencer Andrea E , Ng Lauren C 
Published: January 2025

Objective This study examined whether being scheduled in a screening clinic versus scheduled directly with a long-term provider to conduct a mental health intake (MHI) is associated with engagement in child psychiatry services in New England, USA. Method We used electronic medical record data from one safety-net hospital serving a predominantly low-income and minoritised population. The study sample included 815 youths aged 0 to 25 years, referred or scheduled for a MHI between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2016. We used chi-square and t-tests to examine the association between referral pathways and engagement, logistic regression to understand the relationship between youth’s socio-demographic characteristics and referral pathways, and logistic and Poisson regressions to assess potential moderating effects of socio-demographic characteristics on engagement. Results The mean age of the study population was 12 years; 46% were female, and the majority had public health insurance (84%) and lived in high social vulnerability areas (65%). Less than half of the youth attended the first scheduled MHI visit. Those scheduled with the screening clinic were less likely than those scheduled with the provider to ever attend a MHI appointment. Spanish-speakers were more likely to be directly scheduled with a provider (Odds Ratio, OR 0.48; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.73), while those with public health insurance were more likely to be scheduled with the screening clinic (OR 0.56; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.96). Spanish-speaking status and areas social vulnerability scores moderated the relationship between the referral pathway and engagement in psychiatric appointments. Conclusions The study highlights the need for psychiatric services to evaluate how MHI referral procedures may mitigate barriers to care and facilitate engagement for youth at high risk of not attending psychiatric service appointments.
Design of a novel buckling-type quasi-zero stiffness isolator
Authors: Zhao Biao 
Published: January 2025

Based on the significant geometric nonlinearity associated with large deformations in beams, this paper presents the design of a buckling-type quasi-zero stiffness (BQZS) isolator using slender beams with positive and negative stiffness. This design achieves a characteristic output of nonlinear load-bearing combined with linear stiffness. The elliptic integral method is employed to solve the mechanical equations of the large deformation beams. Through numerical simulations and theoretical calculations, the mechanical properties of the large deformation beams are obtained. A prototype was designed for validation, and its manufacturing and experimental studies are presented. The results demonstrate that the designed BQZS isolator effectively attenuates the system’s vibration response, achieving a 95% reduction at 5 Hz vibration excitation. Additionally, the natural frequency of the isolator with BQZS is less than 1 Hz.
Text messaging to improve connection between adolescents and their health care providers
Authors: Galvin Claire R , De Souza Astrid M , Potts James E , Sneddon Penny L , Sanatani Shubhayan , Armstrong Kathryn R 
Published: January 2025

Objective Adolescence marks a time of transition where teenagers are learning to advocate for themselves. In those with underlying chronic conditions such as adolescent dysautonomia, improving communication between clinic visits may improve connection with their health care provider which may aide management. Our aims were as follows: (1) to implement a text message platform to increase communication between adolescent patients and health care provider (HCP); (2) to evaluate its effect on quality of life (QoL), symptom burden, and patient engagement; and (3) to determine patient satisfaction with the platform. Methods Participants (age 12–18) with access to a personal mobile phone were recruited from a pediatric dysautonomia clinic. A weekly automated text message asking “How are you?” was sent to participants (WelTel Inc.). Responses were triaged to HCP and responded to within 48 hours. Results Twenty-six participants with median (interquartile range) age of 16.8 (15.7–17.4) years completed the study. Duration of the text messaging intervention was 33 (26.8–37.3) weeks. A total of 896 automated weekly messages were sent, which resulted in 206 (23%) care conversations. Participants found texting useful (96%) and produced feelings of connection to their HCP (92%). There was no change in overall QoL or symptom burden ( p > 0.05). Conclusion A text message platform was successfully implemented in adolescents seen in our Dysautonomia Clinic. Patients were engaged, satisfied with the platform, and felt connected to their HCP despite no changes in QoL or symptom burden.
Investigating the Role of Symptom Duration and Critical Shoulder Angle in Predicting Acromiohumeral Interval Reversibility in Patients With Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Okutan Ahmet Emin , Gürün Enes , Kehribar Lokman , Öner Kerim , Erşen Ali 
Published: January 2025

Background: Acromiohumeral interval (AHI) reversibility is used to evaluate whether superior humeral migration is fixed or flexible in patients with massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs). AHI reversibility is measured as the difference in the AHI observed between standard and stress radiography. However, factors affecting AHI reversibility have not been studied in the existing literature. Purpose: To investigate potential factors affecting AHI reversibility in patients with MRCTs. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 58 patients with MRCTs, who had undergone magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and stress radiography of the same shoulder. Potential factors affecting AHI reversibility were evaluated by stepwise regression analysis. Results: A total of 58 patients (26 male, 32 female) were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 66.4 ± 8.3 years. There were 33 patients classified as having a reversible AHI and 25 patients classified as having an irreversible AHI. Age, time from symptom onset, anteroposterior tear size, critical shoulder angle (CSA), acromial index, and subscapularis Goutallier grade were associated with AHI reversibility in univariate analysis. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that a longer time from symptom onset and a bigger CSA were significantly associated with lower AHI reversibility. No significant association was found between AHI reversibility and sex; body mass index; activity level; tear retraction; biceps condition; deltoid cross-sectional area; and Goutallier grade of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles. The cutoff values to predict AHI reversibility for time from symptom onset and CSA were found to be 5.5 years and 38°, respectively. Conclusion: Time from symptom onset (>5.5 years) and CSA (>38°) were significant independent factors of AHI reversibility. These factors should be considered for the decision-making process in patients with MRCTs.
Implementing a Responsible Conduct of Research Curriculum for an Undergraduate Summer Clinical Research Program in Quantitative Sciences
Authors: Tan Kay See , Du Mengmeng , Satagopan Jaya , Elkin Elena 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES Instilling the principles of ethical and responsible medical research is critical for educating the next generation of clinical researchers. We developed a responsible conduct of research (RCR) workshop and associated curriculum for undergraduate trainees in a quantitative clinical research program. METHODS Topics in this 7-module RCR workshop are relevant to undergraduate trainees in quantitative fields, many of whom are learning about these concepts for the first time. These topics include: (1) research collaboration and mentoring, (2) human subjects and privacy, (3) rigor, reproducibility, and responsibility in data analysis, (4) data safety, security, and sharing, (5) responsible authorship, peer reviews, and conflicts of interest, (6) research misconduct and whistleblowing, and (7) social responsibility and contemporary ethical issues. The workshop adopts an active learning approach and is intended to encourage peer-to-peer learning through a critical review of case studies and contemporary media reports. Workshop materials and discussions are designed to address experiences relevant to undergraduate trainees. For example, for the discussion on human subject protection, trainees are asked to review their own university's policies for engaging students as research subjects. Student perceived knowledge and understanding of research ethics were obtained from pre- and post-workshop surveys, with responses ranging from 1 (low level of understanding) to 5 (high level of understanding). RESULTS Survey responses from 38 trainees across 4 years demonstrated marked increase in perceived knowledge and understanding of research ethics, from 64% in pre- to 96% in post-workshop responses with scores of 3 and up. Trainees noted the effectiveness of the active learning format of the workshop and relevance of the topics on their own research projects. CONCLUSION Intentional instruction is vital to help trainees discern between good and bad science in research. The presented RCR curriculum can be adapted by other programs designed for trainees engaged in medical research and education.
Consequences of insecticide overuse in Hungary: assessment of pyrethroid resistance in Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes
Authors: Csiba Rebeka , Varga Zsaklin , Pásztor Dorina , Süle Bianka , Mxinwa Vera Ihuoma Ogoke , Soltész Zoltán , Zana Brigitta , Bányai Krisztián , Kemenesi Gábor , Kurucz Kornélia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Mosquitoes, as vectors of various pathogens, have been a public health risk for centuries. Human activities such as international travel and trade, along with climate change, have facilitated the spread of invasive mosquitoes and novel pathogens across Europe, increasing the risk of mosquito-borne disease introduction and their spread. Despite this threat, mosquito control in Hungary still relies predominantly on chemical treatments, which poses the risk of developing insecticide resistance in local populations. While pyrethroid resistance has been documented in several countries, there is no information on this issue from Hungary. This study aims to investigate the presence of resistance in Hungarian mosquito populations by analyzing a native, already known disease vector and a recently established invasive species with public health significance.

Methods
We assessed the presence of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations L1014F in Culex pipiens and V1016G and F1534C in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, which are responsible for pyrethroid resistance. Mosquito specimens were investigated retrospectively, collected from previous years within the framework of local monitoring programs run in urban areas representing five regions of Hungary. The mutations in mosquitoes were detected individually by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis, following generally used protocols.

Results
In Cx. pipiens, the kdr mutation was detected across all five collection sites, with resistance allele frequencies ranging from 18.1% to 36.3%. Resistance alleles were identified in homozygosity and heterozygosity with the susceptible allele, resulting in 53% of the investigated mosquitoes showing resistance to pyrethroids in the Hungarian populations. In contrast, for Ae. albopictus, the analyzed individuals were found to carry only the susceptible alleles, indicating a homozygous susceptible genotype across the investigated populations on the basis of V1016G and F1534C genes.

Conclusions
Our work highlights the consequences of the unilateral and long-term use of chemical treatments on mosquitoes. This indicates an urgent need for a change of concept in mosquito control strategy in Hungary, as well as in countries where mosquito control still relies dominantly on insecticides. The restricted use of chemical treatment is highly recommended to prevent the development of pyrethroid resistance in recently established populations of the invasive Ae. albopictus, and to decrease the public health risk of vector-borne diseases.

Graphical Abstract
Fossil fish assemblage of the Laguna Formation, Philippines: unveiling the uniqueness of Pleistocene freshwater ecosystems in Southeast Asia
Authors: Přikryl Tomáš , Castro Abigael , Fernando Allan Gil , Nogot Jaan Ruy Conrad , Magtoto Clarence , Garas Kevin , Mediodia Dominique , Lin Chien-Hsiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study offers a comprehensive analysis and detailed description of the fossil fish assemblage from the Pleistocene Laguna Formation in Luzon Island, Philippines. The fish fossils were collected from the deeper lacustrine facies of the formation, and a total of three fish families were identified. The identification is based on the recognizable synapomorphies in 10 moderately preserved semi-articulated individuals of ray-finned fish specimens, some of which include counterparts. The assemblage is predominantly composed of small clupeiforms of the family Dorosomatidae, accompanied by a gobioid fish (Gobiidae or Oxudercidae) and a synbranchid specimen (Synbranchidae), each represented by a single specimen. This taphocoenosis preserves free-swimming dorosomatids and demersal gobioid and synbranchid, suggesting an autochthonous assemblage with minimal postmortem sorting. Despite all recognized taxa being tolerant to changes in salinity, the environment is inferred to have been freshwater, analogous to modern Taal Lake, where a freshwater sardine thrives. This study represents the first systematic description of freshwater fish fossils in the Philippines and marks the first discovery of these taxa in the tropical West Pacific region.
Development of CPAP Overlay Interfaces for Efficient Administration of Aerosol Surfactant Therapy to Preterm Infants
Authors: Jubaer Hasan , Strickler Sarah , Farkas Dale , Dalton Caleb , Momin Mohammad A. M. , Dodson Kelley M. , Hindle Michael , Longest Worth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The administration of surfactant aerosol therapy to preterm infants receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) respiratory support is highly challenging due to small flow passages, relatively high ventilation flow rates, rapid breathing and small inhalation volumes. To overcome these challenges, the objective of this study was to implement a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and develop an overlay nasal prong interface design for use with CPAP respiratory support that enables high efficiency powder aerosol delivery to the lungs of preterm infants when needed (i.e., on-demand) and can remain in place without increasing the work of breathing compared with a baseline CPAP interface. Realistic in vitro experiments were first conducted to generate baseline validation data, and then the CFD model, once validated, was used to explore key design parameters across a range of preterm infant nose-throat geometries and aerosol delivery conditions. The most important factors for efficient aerosol delivery were shown to be (i) maintaining the aerosol delivery flow rate below the tracheal flow rate (to minimize CPAP line loss) and (ii) concentrating the aerosol within the first portion of the inhalation waveform. An optimized design was shown to deliver approximately 37–60% of the nominal dose through the system and to the lungs with low intersubject variability (1050–2200 g infants) across two modes of device actuation (automated and manual) with room for further improvement. Ergonomic curvatures and streamlining of the prong geometries were also found to reduce work of breathing and flow resistance compared with a commercial alternative.

Graphical Abstract