bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Segmentation of interconnected power systems considering microgrids and the uncertainty of renewable energy sources
Authors: Amini Badr Arman , Safari Amin , Najafi Ravadanegh Sajad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes an approach for segmentation of power systems to prevent uncontrolled islanding. With the development of microgrids (MGs) and increased penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) in the power system, it is necessary to consider the effect of MGs and the stochastic behaviour of RESs in the controlled islanding process. First, the enormous search space for finding the boundary points is reduced by the clustering of the coherent generators and the buses which are placed in sections that cannot be separated from the coherent groups. Then, linear AC power flow is defined as a sub‐problem and solved by linear programming to satisfy the power system and MG constraints. In this step, an optimization model is defined, and a mixed‐integer linear programming (MILP)‐based model is suggested to find cut‐sets and islands arrangement with reduced load shedding. In view of the fact that the fluctuation of RESs may have the significant effects on the power imbalance, to cover the uncertainties a scenario based stochastic simulation is considered. Finally, the effect of uncertainties on cut‐sets and load curtailment is evaluated. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated by the simulation on the test system.
Multimicrogrid collaborative economic scheduling method based on the FISCO BCOS blockchain
Authors: Wang Guilan , Yang Jingzheng , Di Jian , Zang Qiqi , Zhou Guoliang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the advancement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, microgrid clusters have attracted widespread attention due to their high stability and energy efficiency. This article proposes a scheduling architecture for microgrid clusters that integrates blockchain smart contracts, consensus mechanisms, and encryption technologies to address the issues of data trust, privacy protection, and security reliability in microgrid clusters. An economic adjustment model for microgrid clusters is constructed that combines economic and environmental objectives. Finally, based on the RPBFT (Rotating Proof of Believability) algorithm and group architecture of FISCO BCOS blockchain technology, an economic scheduling method for microgrid clusters is designed. The authors built a microgrid cluster model on the FISCO BCOS blockchain platform and conducted experiments on the effectiveness, economy, fault tolerance, and scalability of economic scheduling methods. The experimental results showed that the economic scheduling method proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the risk of nodes tampering with data in a microgrid cluster system, ensure the privacy of submicrogrids, and support the deployment of large‐scale microgrid clusters, the realization of multiparty collaborative autonomy and the stable, low‐carbon, economic operation of microgrid clusters.
Improved wavelet prediction superresolution reconstruction based on U‐Net
Authors: Cao Jianfang , Chen Zeyu , Cui Hongyan , Ji Xiaofei , Wang Xianhui , Liang Yunchuan , Tian Yun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeep learning can be used to achieve single‐image superresolution (SR) reconstruction. To address problems encountered during this process, such as the number of network parameters, high training requirements on equipment performance, and inability to downsample certain SR images accurately, an image SR reconstruction algorithm based on deep residual network optimization is proposed. The model introduces wavelet transforms based on the original U‐Net, where the U‐Net is trained to obtain SR wavelet feature images at multiple scales simultaneously. This approach reduces the mapping space for the network to learn low‐ to high‐resolution image mapping, which in turn reduces the training difficulty of the model. In terms of network details, the inverse wavelet transform is used in image upsampling to enhance the sparsity of the reconstruction layer in the original network. The network structure of the U‐Net upsampling is adjusted slightly to enable the network to distinguish wavelet images from feature images, thereby improving the richness of the features extracted by the model. The experimental results show that the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) of the fourfold SR model is 32.35 and 28.68 on the Set5 and Set14 validation sets, respectively. Compared with networks that use wavelet prediction mechanisms, such as the deep wavelet prediction SR (DWSR) and deep wavelet prediction‐based residual SR (DWRSR) models, the PSNR for all the tested public datasets is improved by 0.5. The method yields superior results in terms of both visual effect and PSNR, demonstrating the feasibility of the wavelet prediction mechanism in SR reconstruction and thus offering application value and research significance.
Solving blockchain trilemma using off‐chain storage protocol
Authors: Reno Saha , Haque Md. Mokammel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTrilemma in blockchain refers to the infamous problem of simultaneously not delivering the three critical aspects of a ledger: security, scalability, and decentralisation. While security and scalability hinder decentralisation, security is jeopardised if the scalability is escalated. This deficiency of not maintaining a balance among these three crucial factors restricts the broader adoption of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies in the industries. This paper proposes a solution to the blockchain trilemma by implementing a public ledger using The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) and a newly introduced strategy called the double‐chain technique. The scalability and decentralisation features are guaranteed by the distributed file system of IPFS and the public nature of the blockchain suggested in this study. Although any consensus can be plugged into our system, the proof‐of‐work consensus is utilised to ensure that the security is not compromised while stabilising scalability and decentralisation.
Distributed dynamic event‐triggered control for resilience‐oriented current sharing in microgrid
Authors: Jing Guoxiu , Liu Junqi , Zhao Tianyang , Huang Bonan , Wang Rui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDistributed dynamic event‐triggered control (ETC) method is proposed to solve the stochastic and intermittent problem caused by distributed renewable energy generation unit (DG) in microgrid (MG). It aims at reducing communication cost while achieving proportional current sharing among DGs. Firstly, the state space function model of the MG system is established, considering the unknown disturbance caused by DGs and the uncertainty caused by the constant power load (CPL). Also, the system model is transformed into the standard linear heterogeneous multiagent systems (LHMAS). Subsequently, the distributed dynamic ETC method with consensus algorithm is proposed to achieve proportional current sharing among DGs. Compared with conventional ETC approaches, the authors’ method is based on directed topology, which reduces the controller updating frequency and the communication frequency among DGs. At the same time, the Zeno behaviour can be avoided. Additionally, the authors’ method is much easier to be implemented, which can also handle the uncertain loads and CPLs. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Choice and impact of frequency increment in direct digital synthesiser (DDS)‐based linear FMCW radar
Authors: Brennan Paul Victor , Lok Lai Bun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFMCW radar is a popular technique for radar sensors. A Direct Digital Synthesiser (DDS) is commonly used to generate the required linear frequency sweep. DDS devices are widely‐available and easy to configure in terms of the key radar parameters of sweep bandwidth and pulse duration. They generate a step‐approximation to a linear frequency sweep for which the frequency increment parameter also needs to be defined. However, there is little information available in the literature to guide radar designers on the choice of this parameter. As a result, most designs are based on an empirical estimate of the DDS frequency increment. The aim is to provide an analytic basis and design rules for the choice of this parameter. Two principal types of FMCW radar (direct sampling and deramp) are studied to determine the effect on the range profile of the finite DDS frequency increment. It is shown that a set of spurs appears around each target response. Analytic expressions are derived to quantify the amplitude and distribution of these spurs from which simple design rules are presented to allow an informed choice of DDS frequency increment. These analytic results are convincingly validated using numerical simulations and experimental measurements.
On
q,ω
-differential transform method
Authors: Hıra Fatma 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this study, the differential transform method (DTM) associated with the Hahn difference operator (

D

q
,
ω

)

has been examined. The definitions and theorems of the one and two-dimensional

q
,
ω

-DTM are introduced. Then, the presented

q
,
ω

-DTMs are applied to obtain the analytical or approximation solution of linear or non-linear

q
,
ω

-initial value problems consisting of the

q
,
ω

-ordinary or

q
,
ω

-partial differential equation.
Shor–Laflamme distributions of graph states and noise robustness of entanglement
Authors: Miller Daniel , Loss Daniel , Tavernelli Ivano , Kampermann Hermann , Bruß Dagmar , Wyderka Nikolai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Shor–Laflamme distribution (SLD) of a quantum state is a collection of local unitary invariants that quantify k-body correlations. We show that the SLD of graph states can be derived by solving a graph-theoretical problem. In this way, the mean and variance of the SLD are obtained as simple functions of efficiently computable graph properties. Furthermore, this formulation enables us to derive closed expressions of SLDs for some graph state families. For cluster states, we observe that the SLD is very similar to a binomial distribution, and we argue that this property is typical for graph states in general. Finally, we derive an SLD-based entanglement criterion from the purity criterion and apply it to derive meaningful noise thresholds for entanglement. Our new entanglement criterion is easy to use and also applies to the case of higher-dimensional qudits. In the bigger picture, our results foster the understanding both of quantum error-correcting codes, where a closely related notion of SLDs plays an important role, and of the geometry of quantum states, where SLDs are known as sector length distributions.
Zig-zag-matrix algebras and solvable quasi-Hermitian quantum models
Authors: Znojil Miloslav 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In quantum mechanics of unitary systems using non-Hermitian (or, more precisely, Θ-quasi-Hermitian) Hamiltonians H such that

H
†

Θ
=
Θ
H

, the exactly solvable M-level bound-state models with arbitrary

M
⩽
∞

are rare. A new class of such models is proposed here, therefore. Its exact algebraic solvability (involving not only the closed formulae for wave functions but also the explicit description of all of the eligible metrics Θ) was achieved due to an extremely sparse (viz., just

(
2
M
−
1
)

-parametric) but still nontrivial ‘zig-zag-matrix’ choice of the form of H.
Extreme value statistics and Arcsine laws of Brownian motion in the presence of a permeable barrier
Authors: Kay Toby , Giuggioli Luca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Arcsine laws of Brownian motion are a collection of results describing three different statistical quantities of one-dimensional Brownian motion: the time at which the process reaches its maximum position, the total time the process spends in the positive half-space and the time at which the process crosses the origin for the last time. Remarkably the cumulative probabilities of these three observables all follow the same distribution, the Arcsine distribution. But in real systems, space is often heterogeneous, and these laws are likely to hold no longer. In this paper we explore such a scenario and study how the presence of a spatial heterogeneity alters these Arcsine laws. Specifically we consider the case of a thin permeable barrier, which is often employed to represent diffusion impeding heterogeneities in physical and biological systems such as multilayer electrodes, electrical gap junctions, cell membranes and fragmentation in the landscape for dispersing animals. Using the Feynman–Kac formalism and path decomposition techniques we are able to find the exact time-dependence of the probability distribution of the three statistical quantities of interest. We show that a permeable barrier has a large impact on these distributions at short times, but this impact is less influential as time becomes long. In particular, the presence of a barrier means that the three distributions are no longer identical with symmetry about their means being broken. We also study a closely related statistical quantity, namely, the distribution of the maximum displacement of a Brownian particle and show that it deviates significantly from the usual half-Gaussian form.
Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Green Roof Slab Under Acid Rain Attack
Authors: Ahmad Irma Aswani , Pertiwi Nurlita , Taufieq Nur Anny Suryaningsih 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A flat slab is widely used as an alternative form of a house roof. The roof work does not take long. Its simple structure is beautiful to homeowners with a minimalist concept. Because this slab does not use a roof covering, it is very susceptible to the influence of the sea. Damage often occurs. Acid rain causes the concrete to become porous as slab material. This investigation aims to produce a durable roof slab to solve existing problems. The test object used was a reinforced concrete slab of 30cmx60cmx15cm. Three types of compressive strength were used, namely 20 MPa, 30 MPa, and 35 MPa. At the same time, the green concrete concept is used by replacing some of the cement with rice husk ash. The effect of acid rain was carried out by immersing the specimens in an acid solution for 28 days, 90 days, and 120 days. All samples were tested for flexural strength for their mechanical properties and XRD for microstructural properties. The results show that the roof slab with rice husk ash can reduce the damage that occurs due to the influence of acid. At the same time, gypsum and calcium oxide content can show the phenomenon of slab damage.
The Evaluation of Equivalent Axle Load Equation Based on Deflection Value before and after Overlay Flexible Pavement
Authors: Prastyanto Catur Arif , Hidayat Andi Sahrul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Some of the factors causing early damage to Indonesia’s flexible pavement system in Indonesia were allegedly caused by several things, including the Equivalent axle load (EAL) equation incompatible with Indonesia’s situation where most heavy vehicles carry overloaded loads. One effort that can be done to avoid severe damage to the road is overlaid pavement. It is suspected that the overlay on the flexible pavement will affect the shape of the EAL equation. This paper will discuss the EAL equation before and after the flexible pavement is overlaid by measuring the pavement deflection’s value using a falling weight deflectometer (FWD). The data obtained in the form of pavement deflection value is then analyzed using the regression analysis method with the permanent deformation theory approach. From the research analysis, it is obtained that the power rank value for applying the maximum load limit regulation and the type tandem axle dual wheel (TADW) shall follow determined EAL before and after overlay to the type single axle dual wheel (SADW).
Factors that Affect Changes in Land Use and its Implications in Spatial Control in the Sungguminasa Urban Area
Authors: Taking Muh. Idris 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Sungguminasa Urban Area, as the capital of the Gowa Regency, is one of the urban areas included in the Mamminasata national strategic area. It also an urban area that has the same characteristics in the concept of Extended Metropolitan Regions (EMR) in which area a corridor is a path that connects the two major cities, therefore on further developments in the whole hall is experiencing transform spatial, economic, social, and cultural information, resulting in a very significant regional transformation from rural to urban. Research conducted to identify the factors that cause changes in the utilization of space in urban areas Sungguminasa, to assess the implementation of the utilization of space which is associated in the process of controlling the utilization of space in urban areas Sungguminasa, so this research can formulate the implications that need attention in the future to make the product spatial use planning and spatial use control processes can run more effectively. Descriptive analysis is used to describe the study areas related to changes in land use under the data obtained subsequent classified into in the form of tables and maps, while to assess the process of controlling the use of space can be accomplished through a structured interview to evaluate the implementation of the utilization of space-related processes controlling the use of space. The results of this study indicate that factors that cause land-use changes still influenced by economic factors (land prices), social factors (characteristics of the owner of the land), physical factors (accessibility and hydrology), and policy factors (licensing), so it has implications for the process controlling the use of space.
Development of Trivalent Samarium Ion-Doped Barium Fluoroborotellurite Glasses for Solid-State Lighting and Scintillation Material
Authors: Yuliantini L. , Djamal M. , Hidayat R. , Boonin K. , Yasaka P. , Kaewkhao J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this research we developed Sm3+ ion-doped fluoroborotellurite with formula 30B2O3-(30-x)TeO2-10ZnF2-30BaO-xSm2O3 where x = 0.0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.5; 1.0; and 1.5 mol%. They developed using the melt-quenching technique. The raw material is melted at 1150°C for 1 hour 30 minutes and annealed at 500°C for 1 hour 30 minutes. The optimum concentration was found at 1.0 mol% of Sm3+ ion in the glass system. Their physical, optical, photoluminescence properties and lifetime were observed. The absorption spectra show strong absorption peaks at 1232 nm due to 6H5/2→6F7/2 transition. The photoluminescence properties show a strong emission at 600 nm under λex=403 nm because of 4G5/2→6H7/2 transition. The CIE 1931 coordinate confirms the orange emission color with 81% efficiency (η). From all results, we can summarize that our glass sample can be developed as a solid-state lighting source in the orange region.
A Boiler Feed Pump Speed Control to Reduce Its Own Power Consumption According to Pump Affinity Law
Authors: Indrawan Andi Wawan , Purwito  , Ashar AR , Sultan Ahmad Rizal , Imanulloh Setio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The change in water flow required at the BFP pump at the Barru Power Plant is only regulated by a valve located on the pressure side, causing excess power consumption and its own power consumption. One effort to save energy usage is to make frequency adjustments that refer to the right pressure and water flow. To determine the effect of frequency adjustments on the expected pump pressure, a simulation of frequency inverter modeling is performed using the SPWM switching method based on the pump affinity law using Matlab application software. The simulation results obtained that by adjusting the frequency range of the inverter from 45.5 Hz to 50 Hz and keeping the pump pressure above the minimum limit of 13.2 MPa, the operating power savings of the BFP motor are obtained from 46 kW to 378 kW.
Jurassic NLR: Conserved and dynamic evolutionary features of the atypically ancient immune receptor ZAR1
Authors: Adachi Hiroaki , Sakai Toshiyuki , Kourelis Jiorgos , Pai Hsuan , Gonzalez Hernandez Jose L , Utsumi Yoshinori , Seki Motoaki , Maqbool Abbas , Kamoun Sophien 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors generally exhibit hallmarks of rapid evolution, even at the intraspecific level. We used iterative sequence similarity searches coupled with phylogenetic analyses to reconstruct the evolutionary history of HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE1 (ZAR1), an atypically conserved NLR that traces its origin to early flowering plant lineages ∼220 to 150 million yrs ago (Jurassic period). We discovered 120 ZAR1 orthologs in 88 species, including the monocot Colocasia esculenta, the magnoliid Cinnamomum micranthum, and most eudicots, notably the Ranunculales species Aquilegia coerulea, which is outside the core eudicots. Ortholog sequence analyses revealed highly conserved features of ZAR1, including regions for pathogen effector recognition and cell death activation. We functionally reconstructed the cell death activity of ZAR1 and its partner receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) from distantly related plant species, experimentally validating the hypothesis that ZAR1 evolved to partner with RLCKs early in its evolution. In addition, ZAR1 acquired novel molecular features. In cassava (Manihot esculenta) and cotton (Gossypium spp.), ZAR1 carries a C-terminal thioredoxin-like domain, and in several taxa, ZAR1 duplicated into 2 paralog families, which underwent distinct evolutionary paths. ZAR1 stands out among angiosperm NLR genes for having experienced relatively limited duplication and expansion throughout its deep evolutionary history. Nonetheless, ZAR1 also gave rise to noncanonical NLRs with integrated domains and degenerated molecular features.
Attempts at anti-racist teaching by white English teachers of black students
Authors: Schuman Josephine G. , Reynolds Dan 
Published: July 2023

PurposeResearch has documented how white teachers often fall short of their anti-racist intentions. However, much of this research is done with preservice teachers or teachers across disciplines. The authors investigate stories in which white English teachers who teach substantial proportions of black students and who self-reported anti-racist goals nevertheless fell short of those goals. The purpose of the study is to understand the tensions between racial liberalism and racial literacy in their pedagogy.Design/methodology/approachThe authors snowball sampled 12 veteran white high school English teachers (3–27 years’ experience) who taught in schools with substantial proportions of black students. The authors used a two-stage interview process to narrow the sample to 7 teachers who confirmed their anti-racist intentions and who wrote narratives of moments when they tried to be anti-racist, but the lesson failed in some way. The authors used a three-stage narrative analysis to analyze how racial liberalism and racial literacy were reflected in the narratives.FindingsThe veteran English teachers, despite their anti-racist intentions, told narratives that reflected racial liberalism, portraying racism as an individual and interpersonal phenomenon. Some narratives showed teachers who had taken steps toward racial literacy, but no narratives showed a fully developed sense of racial literacy, portraying the layers of institutional and structural racism in English education.Originality/valueThe sample suggests that veteran white English teachers are subject to similar limited racial literacies as novice teachers. While the authors found glimmers of racial literacy, they still note the work necessary to equip veteran English teachers with the racial literacies necessary for anti-racist instruction. The authors propose directions for teacher education, systemic support and professional development.