bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Active Vitamin D on Coronavirus
Authors: Hu Xuanye 
Published: March 2023

Coronaviruses, especially Beta coronaviruses (β)is a threat to humans since it spreads easily. Although we are yet to find a cure to COVID-19, there are various approaches to prevent its spread, including UV and heat inactivation. However, recently scholars have identified an increased relationship between vitamin D-deficiency and the severe COVID-19, making it a feasible intervention to treat or prevent COVID-19. We can obtain vitamin D directly through sunlight, diet, or supplementation. Vitamin D, especially vitamin D2 and D3 prevents COVID-19 by enhancing anti-inflammatory and eradicating pro-inflammatory cytokines and acting as an antiviral by augmenting B-defensin and antimicrobial peptides cathelicidin, declining viral replication. People with vitamin D deficiency are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 than normal peopole. Vitamin D is safe and has limited adverse events because although it is a fat-soluble vitamin, humans rarely experience vitamin D overdose, including vitamin D overdoses due to sunlight.
Preface: 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Intelligent Communication (CSIC 2022)
Authors: Reade Elaine , Zhuang Taimin 
Published: March 2023

2022 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Intelligent Communication (CSIC 2022) was held online in Tianjin, China during December 17-18, 2022. Due to the evolving public health concerns and travel advisories issued for the avoidance of non-essential travel in view of COVID-19, the CSIC 2022 has been held virtually with about 105 guests. It was a fully synchronized online conference that had live Q&A, participants jointly listened to presentations. The conference program was organized in 4 sessions, with 6 plenary and 26 specialized papers presented. Each plenary speech lasted for 30-35 minutes, including 5-10 minutes for Q&A. While for other sessions, there was 10-15 minutes for each presentation, including 3-5 minutes for Q&A.
CSIC 2022 provides a forum for accessing to the most up-to-date and authoritative knowledge from both industrial and academic worlds, sharing best practice in the fields of computer science, information engineering, intelligent computing, communication technology. A key aspect of this conference is the strong mixture of academia and industry. This allows for the free exchange of ideas and challenges faced by these two key stakeholders and encourage future collaboration between members of these groups.
All papers in this proceeding were subject to peer-review by conference committee members and international reviewers. The papers were selected for the proceedings based on quality and relevance to the conference. We express our gratitude to all people who contributed to the review process and did all their best to enhance the scientific merit and quality of the Proceedings. We are also grateful to the authors for their contributions, to the speakers and participants. We wish to extend our warmest welcome to all interested participants to the next CSIC.
The CSIC Organizing committee
Tianjin, China
Preface: 3rd International Conference on Medical Imaging, Sanitation and Biological Pharmacy (MISBP 2022)
Authors: Mansfield Cornelius , Jian Furui 
Published: March 2023

Considering the current situation of COVID-19 and travel restrictions, the 2022 3rd International Conference on Medical Imaging, Sanitation and Biological Pharmacy (MISBP 2022) was changed into virtual conference held during December 17-18, 2022 in Chengdu, China. This conference aims to provide a platform for researchers and engineers to share their ideas, recent developments, and successful practices in medical imaging, sanitation and biological pharmacy.
The conference had 4 technical session and 4 poster sessions. Each keynote speech lasted 35-40 minutes, and authors presentation 8-10 minutes. Each presentation was included with questions and answers. MISBP 2022 became an effective communication platform for all the participants over the world. The conference proceeding is a compilation of the accepted papers and represent an interesting outcome of the conference.
We would like to acknowledge all of those who supported MISBP 2022. Especially we would like to thank the committee members and reviewers for their tremendous contribution in conference organization and peer review of the papers. We are sure that the proceedings will serve as an important research source of references and the knowledge, which will lead to not only scientific and engineering progress but also other new products and processes.
MISBP Conference Organizing Chair
Chengdu, China
Principle and Progress of Treating Lymphoma with CD22 as Immunotherapy Target
Authors: Zhuang Bosen , Xu Ruoxi 
Published: March 2023

B-cell lymphoma is a type of lymphoid tissue tumour, which is usually caused by clonal proliferation of lymphocytes at different stages of differentiation. CD22 molecule is ubiquitous in normal B cells and B cell malignant tumours. It is a principal element in the B cell maturation and proliferation, and provides an important functional link to the adjustment of B cell surface and intracellular signaling and cell survival. Although the function of CD22 remains unclear, blocking the action of CD22 has been proved to inhibit the growth of malignant B cells and CD22 has become an important therapeutic target of B-cell lymphoma. We will also discuss the strategies for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma targeting CD22, including naked antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), antibodies conjugated to radioactive elements, and chimeric antigen receptor-based T-cell (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy.
EGFR: an Overview and Mutation on Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhang Lede 
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a popular and well-known disease all over the world. It is a genetic disease that mutations occur on patients’ genome and cause cells to proliferate uncontrollably and start to invade surrounding tissues which is not commonly seen on normal cells and tissues. It is a common cause of death in the world. In 2020, the number of people died because of cancer is 10 million. Among these deaths, lung cancer account for 2.21 million cases which is the second largest group of all cancer types. Among all lung cancer types, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) constitutes around 80 percent lung cancer. EGFR is a gene that mutation on it is often found within the genome of NSCLC patients. According to a report, 30466 patients among 115815 NSCLC patients are found to have EGFR mutation in order to provide suggestion for patients with mutation on EGFR to have a better therapeutic effect, learning the function of a gene and its impact on metastasis is necessary. This review intended to give an overview on the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) which mutation on it is often seen on lung Cancer.
Re-estimation of the Hubble’s Constant Based on Analyzing Other Cosmological Parameters and Intergalactic Parallax Ranging
Authors: Zhou Luo 
Published: March 2023

The Hubble’s constant is one of the most important cosmological parameters in the theoretical framework of the widely accepted ΛCDM model, which is key in determining many other cosmological parameters (e.g., the age, ultimate fate, and observable radius of the universe). However, the value of the Hubble’s constant is disputed between studies employing different methods to estimate the value of the Hubble’s constant, causing a crisis in cosmology and also casting doubt on the compatibility of the ΛCDM model. Therefore, this study aims to propose new methods to re-estimate the value of the Hubble’s constant at the present epoch with greater reliability and accuracy. Specifically, 2 methods are proposed for the re-estimation of the Hubble’s constant: (1) deriving an equation from pre-established formulae in cosmology that describes the mathematical relation between the Hubble’s constant and other known cosmological parameters; (2) sending a medium-sized space telescope to interstellar space to enable parallax ranging of other galaxies. The former method yielded a result of , which is comparable to results of other studies. Using mathematical deduction, this study verified the estimations for the value of the Hubble’s constant by previous attempts. Moreover, this study also proposes an explanation for the yet unexplained discrepancy in the Hubble’s constant’s value between different methods of measurement. The results of the study provide new outlooks to the methods of estimating the Hubble’s constant, and possibly inspiring projects to send space telescopes for intergalactic parallax ranging.
Black Hole Formation and Gravitational Waves Generation
Authors: Qiu Xinrui , Xiang Siyuan 
Published: March 2023

In the present day, black holes have recently attracted a variety of attention. Black holes and gravitational waves were studied more than 100 years ago. From theoretical reasoning and formula derivation to detector observation, people never stop to explore these curious things. This paper mainly describes the essential information and principle of black holes, and gravitational waves, as well as the basic operation principle of LIGO detectors. The basic definition of gravitational wave and several sources of the gravitational wave is discussed in this paper. According to the analysis, the properties of waves can be used in detecting gravitational waves, as well as more hidden matter. In 1915, Einstein proposed the general theory of relativity, which foresaw the existence of black holes but did not believe that black holes were real. In the 1960s, American scientist John Wheeler first named this incredible celestial body black hole. The search for gravitational waves has had a profound impact on people. With gravitational waves, people can discover an unknown matter which can be studied and benefit humankind. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of dark energy, matters, and more black hole observations.
The Application of Residue Theorem in The Calculations of Real Integrals
Authors: Feng Licheng , Yao Xinguo , Zhai Zixin 
Published: March 2023

Complex analysis focuses on the functions of complex variables. The research on complex analysis began in 19th century by mainly Cauchy, Riemann, and Weierstrass. In 1825, Cauchy established Cauchy’s integral theorem, indicating that the value of a complex function at a point within a closed contour is entirely dependent on values of the functions at points on the contour . Cauchy’s integral theorem is a significant theorem in complex analysis, which was then further developed into Cauchy’s residue theorem. In this paper, the authors introduce the fundamentals of complex analysis. In Introduction, the authors discuss the history of complex analysis and residue theorem and summarizes the content of published articles and books. In Method, the authors explain the definitions and fundamental properties of complex functions. In Result, the authors use examples of different forms of real integrals to demonstrate the application of residue theorem in the calculation of real integrals.
Influence of Skin Color and Data Pre-processing on Gender Classification
Authors: Shao Zihang 
Published: March 2023

Face recognition and gender classification is one of the hot spots at present, how to get better results in the recognition process is the key. This research was based on neural networks. While some researchers have explored this issue through neural networks, this research focuses on the impact of data processing other than the model on the final results. First of all, through the manual review and screening of data sets, the training set of face images only retained deep color skin face images, and the test set did not do selection processing. The final results of the model which based on selected data set are not much different from that of the model based on the unselected training set, except for a slight decrease in the recall rate of female face recognition. Secondly, by the method of control variables, the effect of the three kinds of data pre-processing is compared. The results show that both random cropping and normalization can improve some attributes of the model to varying degrees, but only random horizontal flipping has a certain negative effect on the model. In this research, it was found that the smaller proportion of white skin face image training sets hardly affected the model performance. Data pre-processing can effectively improve the model, but the use of random horizontal flips in a data set with a great number of small tilt angle images may lead to the deterioration of the results on the training set.
Video technologies in criminal proceedings of the Russian Federation and foreign countries
Authors: Галиуллина Е.Ю. , Левачева Ю.В. 
Published: March 2023

Использование информационных технологий, а именно видеотехнологий, в уголовном судопроизводстве является одним из наиболее перспективных направлений совершенствования организации судопроизводства на современном этапе. История централизованного правового регулирования применения видеотехнологий в уголовном процессе берет свое начало в 1990 году, во времена принятия ООН Руководства для сотрудников системы уголовного правосудия в отношении осуществления Декларации основных принципов правосудия для жертв преступления и злоупотребления властью. Пунктом 55 раздела Е данного руководства указывалось на возможность дачи свидетельских показаний через их видеозапись в режиме реального времени, что фактически стало прообразом видеоконференций. Применение информационных технологий закреплено в нормативно-правовых актах Российской Федерации, то есть в более чем пятидесяти статьях пяти кодексов РФ, а также в международных решениях Европейского суда по правам человека. Зарубежный опыт свидетельствует о положительной практике использования видеотехнологий, в то время как в Российской Федерации широкое и активное использование в судопроизводстве они получили в 2020 году в связи с пандемией коронавируса. В данной статье проведен анализ современного состояния уголовного судопроизводства, обеспечивающего доступ к правосудию в условиях развития цифровых технологий в России, а также ряде зарубежных стран.
The use of information technologies, namely video technologies, in criminal proceedings is one of the most promising areas for improving the organization of legal proceedings at the present stage. The history of centralized legal regulation of the use of video technologies in criminal proceedings dates back to 1990, at the time of the adoption of the UN Guidelines for Criminal Justice System Employees regarding the Implementation of the Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power. Paragraph 55 of section E of this manual indicated the possibility of giving testimony through their video recording in real time, which in fact became the prototype of videoconferencing. The use of information technologies is enshrined in the normative legal acts of the Russian Federation, that is, in more than fifty articles of five codes of the Russian Federation, as well as in international decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. Foreign experience testifies to the positive practice of using video technologies, while in the Russian Federation they were used actively in court proceedings in 2020 in connection with the coronavirus pandemic. This article analyzes the current state of criminal proceedings providing access to justice in the context of the development of digital technologies in Russia, as well as in a number of foreign countries.
Activities of the investigator when a criminal case is received from the prosecutor for additional investigation
Authors: Муллагалеева Л.Р. 
Published: March 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с реализацией прокурором функции возвращения уголовного дела следователю для производства дополнительного следствия. Анализ положений действующего уголовно-процессуального закона позволил автору проанализировать существующие проблемы при реализации прокурором полномочия по направлению уголовных дел для дополнительного следствия. Доказано, что в требованиях прокурор должен указать конкретные выявленные им недостатки, которые будут устранены следователем в ходе производства дополнительного следствия, так как это позволит в дальнейшем направить уголовное дело в суд для рассмотрения по существу.
The article deals with issues related to the implementation by the prosecutor of the function of returning the criminal case to the investigator for additional investigation. An analysis of the provisions of the current criminal procedure law allowed the author to analyze the existing problems in the exercise by the prosecutor of the authority to refer criminal cases for additional investigation. It has been proved that in the requirements the prosecutor must indicate the specific shortcomings identified by him, which will be eliminated by the investigator in the course of the additional investigation, as this will allow the criminal case to be sent to court in the future for consideration on the merits.
Aggressive influence on banking details as an obstacle to the examination of documents: expert practice
Authors: Пичугин С.А. 
Published: March 2023

Автором с критических позиций рассматриваются признаки искусственного старения реквизитов документов, используемые экспертами, специалистами в практике производства экспертиз и исследований по гражданским и уголовным делам. Описываются наиболее типичные признаки искусственного старения, возникающие на таких реквизитах, как печатный текст, рукописные реквизиты, оттиски печатей/штампов, а также признаки искусственного состаривания, возникающие непосредственно на самой бумажной основе документов. Автором обосновываются позиции, связанные с невозможностью решения экспертных вопросов при условии наличия на реквизитах документов признаков искусственного состаривания.
The author critically examines the signs of artificial aging of document details used by experts, specialists in the practice of producing examinations and research in civil and criminal cases. The most typical signs of artificial aging that occur on such details as printed text, handwritten details, seal/stamp impressions, as well as signs of artificial aging that occur directly on the paper basis of documents are described. The author substantiates positions related to the impossibility of resolving expert issues, if there are signs of artificial aging on the details of documents.
Perspectives of simulation facilitators, course professors and students on factors and outcomes of simulation effectiveness
Authors: Egan Rylan , Lee Charlotte , Bornais Judy , Tyerman Jane , Luctkar-Flude Marian 
Published: March 2023

Simulation-based activities (SBAs) research has explored the perceived and actual impact of SBAs on nursing education. The current study compares the perceived efficacy and transferability of nursing simulation to clinical practice from the point of view of simulation facilitators (SFs), course professors (CPs) and students.
A one-time online survey was administered to SFs, CPs and students regarding SBA effectiveness. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive analysis.
Student participants (especially those in years 2 and 3) perceived simulation to be a poorer (relative to course professors and SFs) reflection of their capabilities and means of developing clinical skills. Participants (including students, CPs and SFs) who reported that simulation group sizes as ideal were better prepared for SBAs, able to engage in clinical roles and to more effectively incorporate feedback. Qualitatively, CPs identified low-quality SBA facilitation as a barrier to learning effectiveness, and SFs described multiple approaches to simulation that influence transferability to clinical practice.
We conclude that a misalignment between the strengths and weaknesses of SBAs by CPs, SFs and students may challenge improvement efforts. Group size, less positive student attitudes and a lack of confidence in SFs should be specifically addressed.
Synthesis of GaN by electrochemical method at low temperature
Authors: S. El-Safty  , Y. Hayashi  
Published: March 2023

The growth of GaN thin ﬁlms using this technique is still a challenge. According to our knowledge, up to now there are limited theoretical and experimental studies on ECD of GaN [7,8]. In our previous work we presented a synthesis of GaN thin ﬁlm using a simple and low-cost ECD on n-Si (1 1 1) substrates and for the ﬁrst time below room temperature at 20 oC using different current densities and constant deposition duration. In order to have a deeper insight on the growth mechanism of GaN ﬁlms by ECD, study on the effects of deposition time is desirable.
IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM PAI PADA MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH NURUL UMMAH DI KOTA GEDE YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Lenggono Wahyu 
Published: March 2023

Kurikulum menjadi hal yang sangat mendasar bagi telaksananya proses pendidikan. kurikulum memberikan acuan yang jelas bagaimana Pendidikan dapat dilaksanakan sebgaimana mestinya. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini yaitu, Bagaimana proses pembelajran Pendidikan Agama Islam yang meliputi penyusunan RPP, Pelaksanaan Pembelajran, dan Penilaian hasil belajar di MI Nurul Ummah Kotagede Yogyakarta. Bagaimana Permasalaan/hambatan dalam pembelajran Pendidikan Agama Islam di MI Nurul Ummah Kotagede Yogyakarta. Bagaimana Program/kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk megnatasi permasalahan Pendidikan Agama Islam di MI Nurul Ummah Kotagede Yogyakarta. alam pelaksanaan mini riset ini, peneliti menggunakan metode wawancara yang digunakan dalam memperoleh berbagai informasi yang dibutuhkan. Adapun pedoman wawancara yang digunakan peneliti terlampir dibagian halaman akhir karya ilmiah ini. Penelit melakukan wawancara dengan guru PAI yang mengajar PAI di MI Nurul Ummah Kotagede Yogyakarta.
Nocturnal Developments in the Jos Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Danjuma Wapwera Samuel 
Published: March 2023

This paper seeks to examine the series of development that takes within the Jos metropolis, Nigeria without proper consultation and with permission following the acceptable planning standard. By examining the time of development and examining the process followed to put the development in the location either uphill or low land. The instruments employed were face-to-face interviews and reviews of archived documents on the implementation of master plans and other options to control haphazard development over the past 20 years. The data obtained through the face-to-face interviews and the archive documents were analysed using the thematic and content analyses. The results obtained revealed that the developments have been carried out haphazardly, which was affected by unproved legislation, the plethora of planning authorities covering the planning region. Hence the consideration of the strategies to employ for the implementation of plans concluded with the recommendations to help practitioners, policy makers and academia.