bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An algorithmic approach to balloon undilatable coronary lesions
Authors: Rempakos Athanasios , Kostantinis Spyridon , Simsek Bahadir , Karacsonyi Judit , Allana Salman , Egred Mohaned , Jneid Hani , Mashayekhi Kambis , Di Mario Carlo , Krestyaninov Oleg , Khelimski Dmitrii , Milkas Anastasios , Sandoval Yader , Burke M. Nicholas , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBalloon undilatable lesions are lesions that have been successfully crossed by both a guidewire and a balloon but cannot be expanded despite multiple high‐pressure balloon inflations. Balloon undilatable lesions can be de novo or in‐stent. We describe a systematic, algorithmic approach to treat both de novo and in‐stent balloon undilatable lesions using various techniques, such as high‐pressure balloon inflation, plaque modification balloons, intravascular lithotripsy, very high‐pressure balloon inflation, coronary atherectomy, laser coronary angioplasty, and extraplaque lesion crossing. Knowledge of the various techniques can increase the efficiency, success and safety of the procedure.
Secondary structural analyses of histone H2A‐H2B proteins extracted from heated cells
Authors: Izumi Yudai , Matsuo Koichi , Yokoya Akinari 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHistone proteins, building blocks of chromatins, participate in enzymatic reactions in cells heated at around 45°C though in vitro the denaturation of histones significantly proceeds at a similar temperature. It implies that unidentified mechanisms prevent thermal denaturation of histones in vivo. However, studies on the histone structures in the heated cells have been scarce. Here, we analyzed the secondary structures of histone H2A‐H2B proteins originating from the heated cells using circular dichroism spectroscopy. The secondary structure contents of the H2A‐H2B extracted from the heated cells differed from those of H2A‐H2B both native and denatured in vitro but reverted to the native structures by incubating the heated cells at 37°C within 2 h. Such structural flexibility may play a role in protecting genomic functions governed by chromatin structures from heat stresses.
1,2,5,6‐Naphthalene Diimides: A Class of Promising Building Blocks for Organic Semiconductors†
Authors: Zhao Zheng , Ge Congwu , Zhao Xueqian , Huang Jintao , Gao Xike 
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive SummaryOrganic semiconductors have drawn extensive attention due to their optoelectronic properties and wide applications in organic optoelectronics. In comparison with the popular 1,4,5,8‐naphthalene diimides (1,4,5,8‐NDIs), the angular‐shaped 1,2,5,6‐NDIs have exhibited tunable photophysical properties, self‐assembly behaviors and charge transporting properties. Due to these unique features, 1,2,5,6‐NDIs show great potential for construction of high performance π‐functional materials. In this review, we highlight the recent advances and future prospects of 1,2,5,6‐NDI‐based π‐systems in the field of organic optoelectronics, including molecular design, synthesis, structure‐property relationships as well as the applications in high performance organic field‐effect transistors, organic photovoltaics, perovskite solar cells, and so on.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?Chemistry of π‐functional materials by using naphthalene and azulene as the basic structural units.How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?This comes from my previous research experience, independent thinking and academic exchange & discussion. When I was a PhD student, my research topic focused on p‐type organic semiconductors. Since I independently carried out scientific research, my research interest turned to developing more challenging n‐type organic semiconductors by using core‐expanded 1,4,5,8‐naphthalene diimides (NDIs). Later on, 1,2,5,6‐NDIs as high‐performance organic semiconductors, the topic of this review paper, entered our study perspective based on the concept of isomerism. Also, based on the concept of isomerism and academic discussion, azulene, the isomer of naphthalene with unique chemical structure and physicochemical properties, became the dominant building block for constructing novel π‐functional materials in my group.How do you supervise your students?Select a research topic with scientific significance and certain challenges, let students consult and intensively read relevant literatures and obtain research inspiration, basic knowledge, experimental skills, writing skills, etc. Encourage students to think independently, try more, and pay more attention to communication and cooperation. Fully train students to write research papers independently. The last but not the least, advocate the academic spirit of being innovative, pursuing excellence as well as rigorous scholarship.What is the most important personality for scientific research?Curiosity and perseverance.What are your hobbies?Reading and walking.If you have anything else to tell our readers, please feel free to do so.No one can imprison your mind and hold your hand to prevent you from doing research work, follow your heart to do what you like and different from others.
Body composition and mortality in men receiving prostate radiotherapy: A pooled analysis of NRG/RTOG 9406 and NRG/RTOG 0126
Authors: McDonald Andrew M. , DeMora Lyudmila , Yang Eddy S. , Hoyle John M. , Lenzie Andrew , Williams Grant R. , Michalski Jeff M. , Yee Don , Bahary Jean‐Paul , Den Robert B. , Roach Mack , Dess Robert , Mishra Mark V. , Valicenti Richard K. , Lau Harold Y. , Marcrom Samuel R. , Souhami Luis , Mendez Lucas C. , Chen Yuhchyau , Doncals Desiree E. , Pugh Stephanie L. , Feng Felix Y. , Sandler Howard M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeTo validate the association between body composition and mortality in men treated with radiation for localized prostate cancer (PCa). Secondarily, to integrate body composition as a factor to classify patients by risk of all‐cause mortality.Materials and MethodsParticipants of NRG/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9406 and NRG/RTOG 0126 with archived computed tomography were included. Muscle mass and muscle density were estimated by measuring the area and attenuation of the psoas muscles on a single slice at L4–L5. Bone density was estimated by measuring the attenuation of the vertebral body at mid‐L5. Survival analyses, including Cox proportional hazards models, assessed the relationship between body composition and mortality. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) was used to create a classification tree to classify participants by risk of death.ResultsData from 2066 men were included in this study. In the final multivariable model, psoas area, comorbidity score, baseline prostate serum antigen, and age were significantly associated with survival. The RPA yielded a classification tree with four prognostic groups determined by age, comorbidity, and psoas area. Notably, the classification among older (≥70 years) men into prognostic groups was determined by psoas area.ConclusionsThis study strongly supports that body composition is related to mortality in men with localized PCa. The inclusion of psoas area in the RPA classification tree suggests that body composition provides additive information to age and comorbidity status for mortality prediction, particularly among older men. More research is needed to determine the clinical impact of body composition on prognostic models in men with PCa.
A mathematical model that integrates cardiac electrophysiology, mechanics, and fluid dynamics: Application to the human left heart
Authors: Bucelli Michele , Zingaro Alberto , Africa Pasquale Claudio , Fumagalli Ivan , Dede' Luca , Quarteroni Alfio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose a mathematical and numerical model for the simulation of the heart function that couples cardiac electrophysiology, active and passive mechanics and hemodynamics, and includes reduced models for cardiac valves and the circulatory system. Our model accounts for the major feedback effects among the different processes that characterize the heart function, including electro‐mechanical and mechano‐electrical feedback as well as force‐strain and force‐velocity relationships. Moreover, it provides a three‐dimensional representation of both the cardiac muscle and the hemodynamics, coupled in a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model. By leveraging the multiphysics nature of the problem, we discretize it in time with a segregated electrophysiology‐force generation‐FSI approach, allowing for efficiency and flexibility in the numerical solution. We employ a monolithic approach for the numerical discretization of the FSI problem. We use finite elements for the spatial discretization of partial differential equations. We carry out a numerical simulation on a realistic human left heart model, obtaining results that are qualitatively and quantitatively in agreement with physiological ranges and medical images.
Nonviolent communication (NVC) based mediation: Practice insight
Authors: Arieli Daniella , Abboud Armaly Oriana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on practice insights derived from using nonviolent communication (NVC) as a method of conflict transformation. After describing the main principles and components of NVC, we will present an example from the field: a crisis in the relationships between Arab‐Israeli educators and staff members of a Jewish‐Israeli museum who established a partnership for a special project: to train Arab educators to teach about the Holocaust. We will focus on a conflict that threatened this partnership, and will discuss both the advantages and challenges of NVC as a mediation method.
Conflict analysis, learning from practice
Authors: Rhodes Gloria , Akram Muhammad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConflict analysis is an essential component of designing and implementing peacebuilding action because it focuses on making sense of the situations where a peacebuilding action or intervention is desired. This article presents the results of an exploratory study based on semi‐structured interviews with 20 practitioners from 19 countries on four continents. Participants represented diverse organizations working on peacebuilding projects in conflict‐affected locations. The study focused on how participants (peacebuilding practitioners) gather and make sense of data (information) about the situations they face so they can make decisions for program design and implementation. Topics addressed by the study's participants included practice trends, methods of data collection and analysis, difficulties in gathering and assessing data, theories of change, and program or project assessment. The study concludes that the practitioners who participated mainly use informal methods to collect and make sense of data and do not make use of systematic approaches to conflict analysis.
Novel Strategy for the Formulation of High‐Energy‐Density Cathodes via Porous Carbon for Li‐S Batteries
Authors: Kim Dae‐Seong , Woo Sang‐Gil , Kang Cheon‐Ju , Lee Ju‐Hee , Lee Je‐Nam , Yu Ji‐Sang , Kim Young‐Jun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPorous carbon is considered an attractive host material for high‐energy sulfur electrodes. This study concerns the design of a porous carbon‐based sulfur electrode for the formulation of high‐energy Li−S batteries. The porous carbon is impregnated with up to 80 vol.% of sulfur and a reduction in both the conductive agent and binder content. Therefore, less solvent can be used during slurry casting to inhibit crack formation following electrode drying. In addition, the utilization of two distinct electrically conducting networks enables reduced battery polarization, resulting in a battery with a capacity of 690 mAh g−1 (even after 100 cycles). Finally, pouch cells are prepared to characterize the practical performance of the optimized cathode. This yields a capacity of 741 mAh and a cathode energy density of 1001 Wh kg−1. These findings are expected to guide the further development of high‐energy‐density cathode materials for Li−S batteries.
Statin use in patients with type 2 diabetes has lower risk of hip fractures: A Taiwan national population‐based study
Authors: Lee Tien‐Ching , Chen Jian‐Chih , Lin Sung‐Yen , Ho Pei‐Shan , Chen Chung‐Hwan , Fu Yin‐Chih , Chang Je‐Ken , Ho Mei‐Ling 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently co‐exists with osteoporosis and dyslipidemia. Statins have been commonly used in the treatment of dyslipidemia. Recent studies have indicated a therapeutic role of statins in decreasing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures, but conflicting results have been reported. This study investigated the association between statin use and hip fracture (HFx) risk among T2DM patients.Materials and MethodsA retrospective Taiwan population‐based propensity‐matched cohort study was performed using the Diabetes Mellitus Health Database from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients with newly diagnosed with T2DM between 2010 and 2014 were identified. Patients who previously used statins and had ever suffered HFx before the index date were excluded. HFx that occurred from 2010 to 2019 was collected to compute the cumulative rate of HFx. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for the HFx risk according to the use or non‐use of statins. To evaluate the dose–effect relationship of statins, sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsAfter propensity score matching for age and sex, 188,588 patients were identified as statin users and non‐statin users. Statin use after T2DM diagnosis was associated with a decreased HFx risk with an adjusted HR (aHR) of 0.69 (P < 0.001). A dose–effect relationship was identified. The aHRs for developing HFx were 1.29, 0.67, and 0.36 for patients who used 28–174, 175–447, and >447 cumulative defined daily doses of statins, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionsStatin use in adults with T2DM showed a lower risk of HFx by demonstrating a dose–response relationship.
From spawner habitat selection to stock‐recruitment: Implications for assessment
Authors: Skoglund Stefan , Whitlock Rebecca , Petersson Erik , Palm Stefan , Leonardsson Kjell 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe relationship between the spawning stock size and subsequent number of recruits is a central concept in fisheries ecology. The influence of habitat selection of spawning individuals on the stock‐recruitment relationship is poorly known. Here we explore how each of four different spawner behaviors might influence the stock‐recruitment relationship and estimates of its parameters in the two most commonly used stock‐recruitment functions (Beverton‐Holt and Ricker). Using simulated stock‐recruitment data generated by four different spawner behaviors applied to multiple discrete habitats, we show that when spawners were distributed proportionally to local carrying capacities, there was small or no bias in estimated recruitment and stock‐recruitment parameters. For an ideal free distribution of spawners, larger bias in the estimates of recruitment and stock‐recruitment parameters was obtained, whereas a random and a stepwise spawner behavior introduced the largest bias. Using stock‐recruitment data corresponding to a “realistic” range of population densities and adding measurement error (20%–60%) to the simulated stock‐recruitment data generated larger variation in the estimation bias than what was introduced by the spawner behavior. Thus, for exploited stocks at low population density and where spawning stock size and recruitment cannot be observed perfectly, partial observation of the possible spawner abundance range and measurement error might be of higher concern for management.
House mouse subspecies do differ in their social structure
Authors: Mikula Ondřej , Macholán Miloš , Ďureje Ľudovít , Hiadlovská Zuzana , Daniszová Kristina , Janotová Kateřina , Vošlajerová Bímová Barbora 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt is widely acknowledged that population structure can have a substantial impact on evolutionary trajectories. In social animals, this structure is strongly influenced by relationships among the population members, so studies of differences in social structure between diverging populations or nascent species are of prime interest. Ideal models for such a study are two house mouse subspecies,Mus musculus musculusandM. m. domesticus, meeting in Europe along a secondary contact zone. Though the latter subspecies has usually been supposed to form tighter and more isolated social units than the former, the evidence is still inconclusive. Here, we carried out a series of radiofrequency identification experiments in semi‐natural enclosures to gather large longitudinal data sets on individual mouse movements. The data were summarized in the form of uni‐ and multi‐layer social networks. Within them, we could delimit and describe the social units (“modules”). While the number of estimated units was similar in both subspecies,domesticusrevealed a more “modular” structure. This subspecies also showed more intramodular social interactions, higher spatial module separation, higher intramodular persistence of parent–offspring contacts, and lower multiple paternity, suggesting more effective control of dominant males over reproduction. We also demonstrate that long‐lasting modules can be identified with basic reproductive units or demes. We thus provide the first robust evidence that the two subspecies differ in their social structure and dynamics of the structure formation.
Species composition of shoreline wolf spider communities vary with salinity, but their diets vary with wrack inflow
Authors: Hambäck Peter A. , Cirtwill Alyssa R. , Grudzinska‐Sterno Magdalena , Hoffmann Alexander , Langbak Marie , Åhlén David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWolf spiders are typically the most common group of arthropod predators on both lake and marine shorelines because of the high prey availability in these habitats. However, shores are also harsh environments due to flooding and, in proximity to marine waters, to toxic salinity levels. Here, we describe the spider community, prey availabilities, and spider diets between shoreline sites with different salinities, albeit with comparatively small differences (5‰ vs. 7‰). Despite the small environmental differences, spider communities between lower and higher saline sites showed an almost complete species turnover. At the same time, differences in prey availability or spider gut contents did not match changes in spider species composition but rather changed with habitat characteristics within a region, where spiders collected at sites with thick wrack beds had a different diet than sites with little wrack. These data suggest that shifts in spider communities are due to habitat characteristics other than prey availabilities, and the most likely candidate restricting species in high salinity would be saline sensitivity. At the same time, species absence from low‐saline habitats remains unresolved.
Environmental drivers of demography and potential factors limiting the recovery of an endangered marine top predator
Authors: Warlick Amanda J. , Johnson Devin S. , Gelatt Tom S. , Converse Sarah J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding what drives changes in wildlife demography is fundamental to the conservation and management of depleted or declining populations, though making inference about the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence survival and reproduction remains challenging. Here we use mark–resight data from 2000 to 2018 to examine the effects of environmental variability on age‐specific survival and natality for the endangered western distinct population segment (wDPS) of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska, USA. Though this population has been studied extensively over the last four decades, the causes of divergent abundance trends that have been observed across the wDPS range remain unknown. We developed a Bayesian multievent mark–resight model that accounts for female reproductive state uncertainty. Annual survival probabilities for male pups (0.44; 0.36–0.53), female yearlings (0.63; 0.49–0.73), and male yearlings (0.62; 0.51–0.71) born in the western portion of the wDPS range, estimated here for the first time, were lower than those in the eastern portion of the wDPS range, estimated as: male pups (0.69; 0.65–0.74), female yearlings (0.76; 0.71–0.81), and male yearlings (0.71; 0.65–0.78). There was a higher proportion of young female breeders in the western portion of the range, but overall natality was lower (0.69; 0.47–0.96) than in the eastern portion of the range (0.80; 0.74–0.84). Additionally, pup mass had a positive effect on pup survival in the eastern portion of the range and a negative effect in the western portion of the range, potentially due to earlier weaning of heavier pups. Local‐ and basin‐scale oceanographic features such as the Aleutian Low, the Arctic Oscillation Index, the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, chlorophyll concentration, upwelling, and wind in certain seasons were correlated with vital rates. However, drawing strong inferences from these correlations is challenging given that relationships between ocean conditions and an adaptive top predator in a dynamic ecosystem are exceedingly complex. This study provides the first demographic rate estimates for the western portion of the range where abundance estimates continue to decline. These results will advance efforts to identify factors driving regionally divergent abundance trends, with implications for population‐level responses to future climate variability.
Long‐term proliferation of large annual thistles in dry Mediterranean rangelands
Authors: Segev Ori , Golodets Carly , Henkin Zalmen , Gorelik Haim , Dovrat Guy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSpiny plants comprise a large, ecologically and economically important functional group in Mediterranean rangelands. The increasing abundance of large annual thistles in grazed grasslands entails major consequences for ecosystem services. This study aims to quantify the contribution of large annual spiny plants to rangeland vegetation cover and productivity and to identify management‐ and climate‐related drivers of spiny plant distribution and performance. Using a 15‐year dataset from an extensive herbaceous pasture experiment in northeastern Galilee, Israel, we examined the effects of livestock management and climate on the cover and biomass of two dominant annual thistle species, Scolymus maculatus and Carthamus glaucus. These thistles constitute a significant proportion of pasture productivity, contributing more than 50% and 25% under high and moderate stocking density, respectively. Despite the similarity in life‐form and life‐history characteristics, each demonstrates a distinct response to both management intensity and annual climatic parameters. High stocking density had a positive effect on both cover and biomass of S. maculatus. Conversely, C. glaucus biomass estimates were higher under moderate stocking density. Distance from feeding site had significant contrasting effects on each of the focal thistles. Relative humidity and temperature were the most sensitive climatic parameters in explaining the variation in cover and biomass of the two thistles. The directionality of the two species' responses suggests that S. maculatus attains higher biomass than C. glaucus under dry and warm conditions. The proliferation of both large thistles under variable stocking densities and climatic conditions increases productivity but reduces the palatable vegetation of Mediterranean rangelands by 27%–50%.