bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring the Chemical Structure of Cellulose Nanocrystals by Amine Functionalization
Authors: D'Orsi Rosarita , Canale Viviana Claudia , Cancelliere Rocco , Hassan Omar Omar , Mazzuca Claudia , Micheli Laura , Operamolla Alessandra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe surface functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals is presently considered a useful and straightforward tool for accessing very reliable biocompatible and biodegradable nanostructures with tailored physical and chemical properties. However, to date the fine characterization of the chemical appendages introduced onto cellulose nanocrystals remains a challenge, due to the low sensitivity displayed by the most common techniques towards surface functionalization. In this paper, we demonstrate the easy functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals with aliphatic and aromatic amines, demonstrating the tunability of their properties in dependence on the selected functionality. Then, we apply to colloidal suspensions of modified nanocrystals 1H NMR analysis to elucidate their surface structure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report where such investigation was performed on cellulose nanocrystals presenting both surface and reducing end modification. These results involve interesting implications for the fields of cultural heritage and of materials chemistry.
An ion imprinted electrochemical sensor based on flower‐like gold nanoparticles for the detection of trace arsenic(III) ions in water and food samples
Authors: Yang Hongzhi , Yin Fengqin , Mo Yeling , Huo Kaixuan , Zhang Kun , Cao Hui , Yuan Min , Ye Tai , Luo Chunyan , Xu Fei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA selective and sensitive electrode based on Au−S bonds between As(III) ion‐imprinted polymer (IIP) and the flower‐like gold nanoparticles (FL‐AuNPs) had been rationally developed for detecting As(III) by using the square wave voltammetry (SWV) method. Under optimized measurement conditions, the prepared electrochemical sensor exhibited obvious detection performance of As(III) in the range of 0.009 μg/L–0.50 μg/L with a relatively low detection limit of 0.015 μg/L. Furthermore, the imprinted electrochemical sensor displayed good reusability, excellent specificity, and demonstrated high potential for environmental control with a recovery rate between 80.7 % and 113.3 %.
Phase‐assisted NOMA based key distribution for IoT networks
Authors: Alshamaseen Tasneem , Althunibat Saud , Qaraqe Marwa , Alashaary Haitham 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) technology has recently been adopted in different fields and applications. An IoT network allows for a large set of physical objects (or devices) with various technologies to work together and exchange a large amount of information. This, however, raises different security and privacy concerns, including the confidentiality of the exchanged data. Usually, data confidentiality is maintained in wireless networks utilizing data encryption using a pre‐shared secret key. Thus, protecting the key distribution process is essential to maintaining a secure network. However, due to the typically large size of IoT networks, conventional secret key distribution schemes are unsuitable and lead to resource inefficiency. Therefore, in this paper, an efficient key distribution scheme is proposed by using physical‐layer security concepts. Specifically, non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is utilized to distribute the key to multiple nodes in a resource‐efficient manner. Moreover, the instantaneous channel phase is also used to attain a secure distribution in which each node can obtain its own key only. The performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed in terms of the key error rate at both a legitimate node and an eavesdropper under different channel fading models, where closed form mathematical expressions are derived and verified via simulation results.
Potential impact of the adult‐targeted LiveLighter “Sugary Drinks” campaign on adolescent consumption: Findings from a national cross‐sectional school survey
Authors: Gascoyne Claudia , Scully Maree , Wakefield Melanie , Morley Belinda 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIssue addressedTo examine the potential impact on trends in reported adolescent sugar‐sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption following the adult‐targeted Western Australian (WA) LiveLighter “Sugary Drinks” campaign, which is a television‐led healthy lifestyle promotion and education mass media campaign that aired in multiple bursts between July 2013 and December 2018.MethodsData were from a repeated cross‐sectional survey of Australian secondary school students aged 12‐17 years conducted nation‐wide in 2009‐2010 (n = 13 790 from 238 schools), 2012‐2013 (n = 10 309 from 196 schools) and 2018 (n = 9102 from 104 schools).ResultsSignificant declines in high SSB consumption (≥4 cups/week) were observed between 2009‐2010 and 2012‐2013 among students in both WA (27.1% vs 20.3%; odds ratio [OR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.50‐0.84, P = .001) and all other states and territories combined (30.6% vs 21.4%; OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.53‐0.68, P < .001). Compared to 2012‐2013, the proportion of students in WA who reported high SSB consumption was significantly lower in 2018 (20.3% vs 9.6%; OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.21‐0.65, P = .001), whereas this significant decrease was not observed in all other states and territories combined (21.4% vs 17.8%; OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.67‐0.97, P = .024). Interaction testing indicated that the recent decline observed in WA was more pronounced among female than male students.ConclusionsMass media campaigns targeted towards the Australian adult population may have favourable effects among adolescents with the steeper decline in high SSB consumption observed in WA between 2012‐2013 and 2018 coinciding with the repeated airing of the LiveLighter “Sugary Drinks” campaign in this state.So what?Government investment in mass media campaigns may hasten declines in adolescents' SSB consumption.
Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus, HIV‐1 and Kaposi sarcoma risk in black South Africans diagnosed with cancer during antiretroviral treatment rollout
Authors: Motlhale Melitah , Muchengeti Mazvita , Bradshaw Debbie , Chen Wenlong Carl , Singini Mwiza Gideon , de Villiers Chantal Babb , Lewis Cathryn M. , Bender Noemi , Mathew Christopher G. , Newton Robert , Waterboer Tim , Singh Elvira , Sitas Freddy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes Kaposi sarcoma (KS). The risk of KS is amplified in HIV‐immunosuppressed individuals and antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces KS incidence. Reliable data on the relationship between these factors are lacking in Africa. We used questionnaires and serum from 7886 black South Africans (18‐74 years) with incident cancer, recruited between 1995 and 2016. ART rollout started in 2004. We measured associations between KS, HIV‐1 and KSHV before and after ART rollout. We measured seropositivity to HIV‐1, KSHV latency‐associated nuclear antigen (LANA) and glycoprotein (K8.1) and calculated case‐control‐adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in relation to KS and KSHV infection, before (1995‐2004), early (2005‐2009) and late (2010‐2016) ART rollout periods. KSHV seropositivity among 1237 KS cases was 98%. Among 6649 controls, KSHV seropositivity was higher in males (ORadj = 1.4 [95%CI 1.23‐1.52]), in persons with HIV, (ORadj = 4.2 [95%CI 3.74‐4.73]) and lower in high school leavers (ORadj = 0.7 [95%CI 0.59‐0.83]). KSHV seropositivity declined over the three ART rollout periods (37%, 28% and 28%, Ptrend < .001) coinciding with increases in high school leavers over the same periods (46%, 58% and 67%, Ptrend < .001). HIV‐1 seroprevalence increased from 10% in the pre‐ART period to 22% in the late ART period (Ptrend < .001). Compared to HIV‐1 and KSHV seronegatives, KSHV seropositives yielded an OR for KS of 26 (95%CI 11‐62) in HIV‐1 seronegative participants and an OR of 2501 (95%CI 1083‐5776) in HIV‐1 seropositive participants. HIV‐1 increases the risk of KS in those infected with KSHV by 100‐fold. Declines in KSHV seroprevalence coincide with ART rollout and with improvements in educational standards and general hygiene.
A novel technique of vagino‐hysteroscopy using alginate gel interface: A proof of concept study
Authors: Kalra Kanika , Jain Sandhya , Rajaram Shalini , Gupta Bindiya , Singla Anshuja 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the feasibility of vagino‐hysteroscopy using alginate gel Interface (VAGI) with conventional vaginoscopic hysteroscopy (CVH).MethodsThirty women undergoing diagnostic vagino‐hysteroscopy were randomly allocated into Group I (VAGI): Alginate occluder was used at introitus to facilitate hydrodistension during hysteroscopy; or Group II: Underwent no‐touch hysteroscopy. Primary outcome was feasibility, defined as successful visualization of uterine cavity. Secondary outcomes included operative time, hydrostatic pressures for optimum visualization, pain experienced by patient on visual analog scale, maneuverability and surgeon satisfaction. Data analysis was performed using χ2 and Fisher exact tests for qualitative variables and Student t test for quantitative variables.ResultsVAGI was significantly better than CVH (80% vs. 33.3%; relative risk 8, P = 0.025). With VAGI, optimum visualization was achieved at significantly lower pressures at all levels (vagina, P = 0.034; cervix, P = 0.01; uterus, P < 0.001), in less time (P = 0.007), and using less irrigation fluid (P < 0.001). Surgeon satisfaction was significantly higher for VAGI (P = 0.009). Subgroup analysis showed higher likelihood of success of VAGI in women who were premenopausal (P = 0.015), younger than 45 years (P = 0.024), and had a history of vaginal birth (P = 0.03).ConclusionsVAGI is quicker to perform and provides optimum visualization at much lower pressures than CVH. Use of alginate is patient friendly and yields higher surgeon satisfaction rate.
Intermediate phase assisted sequential deposition of reverse‐graded quasi‐2D alternating cation perovskites for MA‐free perovskite solar cells
Authors: Wang Shaofu , Liu Yumin , Zou Junjie , Jin Junjun , Jiang Yun , Zeng Tao , Zhao Wenyan , He Rong‐Xiang , Chen Bolei , Chen Yu , Jin Shuoxue , Li Hong‐Xiang , Xie Zhipeng , Wang Chang‐An , Sun Weiwei , Cao Qiang , Zhao Xing‐Zhong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOne‐step deposition approaches have been widely applied and developed in the fabrication of quasi‐2D perovskites. However, the regulation of quantum wells (QWs) and crystalline orientation is difficult and complicated when using this methodology. Sequential deposition is another widespread synthetic approach for preparing perovskite films and perovskite dimension engineering. In this article, δ‐CsPbI3 intermediate phase assisted sequential (IPAS) deposition is successfully carried out to fabricate MA‐free quasi‐2D ACI perovskites. The amount of the δ‐CsPbI3 intermediate phase in the PbI2 layer and the concentration of GAI molecule in the IPA solution both play important roles in the production of MA‐free quasi‐2D ACI perovskite films. The n value of the MA‐free quasi‐2D ACI perovskites can be adjusted, which affects the photovoltaic performance and device stability. Compared with one‐step deposition, the MA‐free quasi‐2D ACI perovskites prepared via IPAS deposition have opposite reverse‐graded QW distribution and improved vertical orientation, leading to a remarkable PEC of up to 18.86% and allowing the preparation of unpackaged devices with prominent working stability (80%, ~400 h). The underlying mechanism and crystallization pathway of IPAS deposition confirm that sequential deposition has unique superiority in regulating the QW distribution and crystalline orientation of quasi‐2D perovskites.image
Chemical reprogramming of melanocytes to skeletal muscle cells
Authors: Yang Wenjun , Wang Yaqi , Du Yuanyuan , Li Jiyong , Jia Minzhi , Li Sheng , Ma Ruimiao , Li Cheng , Deng Hongkui , Hu Ping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDirect cell‐fate conversion by chemical reprogramming is promising for regenerative cell therapies. However, this process requires the reactivation of a set of master transcription factors (TFs) of the target cell type, which has proven challenging using only small molecules.MethodsWe developed a novel small‐molecule cocktail permitting robust skin cell to muscle cell conversion. By single cell sequencing analysis, we identified a Pax3 (Paired box 3)‐expressing melanocyte population holding a superior myogenic potential outperforming other seven types of skin cells. We further validated the single cell sequencing analysis results using immunofluorescence staining, in situ hybridization and FACS sorting and confirmed the myogenic potential of melanocytes during chemical reprogramming. We used single cell RNA‐seq that detect the potential converted cell type, uncovering a unique role of Pax3 in facilitating chemical reprogramming from melanocytes to muscle cells.ResultsIn this study, we demonstrated that the Pax3‐expressing melanocytes to be a skin cell type for skeletal muscle cell fate conversion in chemical reprogramming. By developing a small‐molecule cocktail, we showed an efficient melanocyte reprogramming to skeletal muscle cells (40%, P < 0.001). The endogenous expression of specific TFs may circumvent the additional requirement for TF reactivation and form a shortcut for cell fate conversion, suggesting a basic principle that could ease cell fate conversion.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the first report of melanocyte‐to‐muscle conversion by small molecules, suggesting a novel strategy for muscle regeneration. Furthermore, skin is one of the tissues closely located to skeletal muscle, and therefore, our results provide a promising foundation for therapeutic chemical reprogramming in vivo treating skeletal muscle degenerative diseases.
Preparation and performance of UiO‐66‐(COOH)2‐based mixed matrix membranes for efficient separation of Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions
Authors: Chen Minjuan , Zeng Jianxian , Wu Zhenwei , Zhang Rui , Yuan Zhengqiu , Huang Xiaoping , Jin Kai , Yang Shengkai , Li Yahong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDeveloping new materials for separating Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions is significant. Metal–organic frameworks are regarded as excellent adsorption materials due to their high specific surface area and abundant adsorption sites. In this work, a novel UiO‐66‐(COOH)2‐based mixed matrix membrane (MMM) was prepared by combining UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 with polyethersulfone (PES) for separating Sr2+.RESULTSThe MMMs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and water contact angle and water flux measurements. Various contents (0–2.5 wt%) of UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 were blended into PES membranes. The results showed that incorporating UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 significantly increased membrane porosity and water flux, and reduced contact angle. The membrane (M4) that contained 2.0 wt% UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 exhibited an excellent morphology and the highest Sr2+ uptake capacity (111.9 μg cm−2). Adsorption kinetics and isotherms showed that the nature of the adsorption of the membrane towards Sr2+ was chemisorption, homogeneous and monolayer. Compared with the adsorption capacity of UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 towards Sr2+ in adsorption packed column, these values of M4 decreased by about 75% during membrane filtration. The rejection performance of MMMs increased with increasing UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 content. Breakthrough curves of MMMs were not correlated with flow rate in the range of 10–180 mL h−1. The presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions did not obviously affect the separation of Sr2+, but Pb2+ had a significant influence. Furthermore, after five adsorption–desorption experiments, the regeneration remained at about 95% of initial values.CONCLUSIONSThe MMMs showed good adsorption capacity for Sr2+ and exhibited favorable reusability and stability. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
NiO‐Nanoparticles as green catalyst for an efficient synthesis of 4‐iminopyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidine fluorophores via one pot cyclization of α‐aminonicotinonitrile
Authors: Hamza Ahmed , El‐Sayed Hassan A. , Moustafa Ahmed H. , El Rayes Samir M. , Aboelmaged Ahmed , Haggam Reda A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUtilization of the nano‐catalysts in synthesis of applicable heterocycles is a key focus of research in green chemistry. The present work describes a one‐pot, three‐component, simple, and efficient approach for the synthesis of a new series of N‐bridged pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidine candidates utilizing NiO‐NPs as a green catalyst. α‐Aminopyridine 1 was synthesized from one‐pot condensation of 4‐chlorobenzaldehyde, chloroacetyl chloride, and malononitrile in the presence of ammonium acetate. α‐Aminopyridine 1 was condensed with a variety of aromatic or/heteroaromatic aldehydes and malononitrile in the presence of NiO‐NPs to afford pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidine derivatives in good yield (75–92%) and with simple purification. Mild reaction conditions, no‐column purification, and high yield of the products are evident features of such an approach, in addition to the high efficiency, cheap, soft, chemically stable, and readily available NiO‐NPs. The pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidine fluorophores 3c,d, i, and 3j have higher fluorescence wavelengths at (λflu.max = 460–480 nm) than the rest of compounds 3a,b, and 3e–h (λflu.max = 430–455 nm).
A review of machine learning and satellite imagery for poverty prediction: Implications for development research and applications
Authors: Hall Ola , Dompae Francis , Wahab Ibrahim , Dzanku Fred Mawunyo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe field of artificial intelligence is seeing the increased application of satellite imagery to analyse poverty in its various manifestations. This nascent but rapidly growing intersection of scholarship holds the potential to help us better understand poverty by leveraging big data and recent advances in machine vision. In this study, we statistically analyse the literature in the expanding field of welfare and poverty predictions from the combination of machine learning and satellite imagery. Here, we apply an integrative review method to extract key data on factors related to the predictive power of welfare. We found that the most important factors correlated to the predictive power of welfare are the number of pre‐processing steps employed, the number of datasets used, the type of welfare indicator targeted and the choice of AI model. Studies that used stock measure indicators (assets) as targets achieved better performance—17 percentage points higher—in predicting welfare than those that targeted flow measures (income and consumption) ones. Additionally, we found that the combination of machine learning and deep learning significantly increases predictive power—by as much as 15 percentage points—compared to using either alone. Surprisingly, we found that the spatial resolution of the satellite imagery used is important but not critical to the performance as the relationship is positive but not statistically significant. These findings have important implications for future research in this domain and for anyone aspiring to use the methodology.
難治性ショックを伴うβ遮断薬，カルシウム拮抗薬中毒に対し集学的治療で救命し得た1例(Successful intensive management of poisoning induced by beta adrenergic blockers and calcium channel blockers with refractory shock: a case report)
Authors: 瑞樹 森 , 悠輔 澤田 , 裕斗 荒巻 , 潤 中島 , 秀明 八島 , 拓也 荒木 , 清宏 大嶋 
Published: February 2023

要旨40歳代の男性が意識障害で搬送された。来院時，心拍数45/分，血圧61/40mmHgと徐脈性ショックの状態だった。病歴，各種検査からβ遮断薬，カルシウム拮抗薬およびアンギオテンシンII受容体拮抗薬による急性薬物中毒を疑い，集中治療室に入室し全身管理を開始した。昇圧薬を開始したがショックの離脱に苦慮した。血液透析および持続的血液濾過透析を行ったところ循環動態は徐々に安定し，昇圧剤を漸減できた。第28病日に合併症を残すことなく独歩退院した。後日，来院時の血液検体を分析した結果，β遮断薬とカルシウム拮抗薬の血中濃度高値が確認された。原因不明の徐脈・低血圧を呈した際は循環器疾患，代謝性疾患などに加え降圧薬中毒を鑑別疾患として想起することが重要である。また，2種類の降圧薬による急性薬物中毒は，稀ではあるが致死的経過をたどることがあり，初療においてはショックを呈し，昇圧薬を使用しても蘇生に難渋する。体外循環，もしくは降圧薬の特性によっては血液浄化療法が効果的である。本症例では，とくにβ遮断薬に関しては早期の血液透析の導入が救命に寄与したと考えられた。
Efficient Delivery of Globotriaosylceramide Synthase siRNA using Polyhistidine‐Incorporated Lipid Nanoparticles
Authors: Kim In Gyu , Jung Won Ho , You Gayeon , Lee Hyukjin , Shin Yoo Jin , Lim Sun Woo , Chung Byung Ha , Mok Hyejung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, a novel polyhistidine‐incorporated lipid nanoparticle (pHis/LNP) is developed for the delivery of therapeutic globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) synthase siRNAs using a microfluidic device with pHis as a biocompatible method of endosome escape. To inhibit the expression of Gb3 synthase, six siRNAs against Gb3 synthase are designed and an optimal siRNA sequence is selected. Selected Gb3 synthase siRNA is incorporated into pHis/LNP to prepare a spherical siRNA pHis/LNP with a size of 62.5 ± 1.9 nm and surface charge of −13.3 ± 4.2 mV. The pHis/LNP successfully protects siRNAs from degradation in 50% serum condition for 72 h. Prepared pHis/LNP exhibits superior stability for 20 days and excellent biocompatibility for A549 cells. After treatment with fluorescence‐labeled LNPs, dotted fluorescent signals are co‐localized with Lysotracker in cells with LNPs, whereas strong and diffused fluorescence intensity is observed in cells with pHis/LNPs probably due to successful endosomal escape. The extent of Gb3 synthase gene silencing by siRNA pHis/LNP is greatly improved (6.0‐fold) compared to that by siRNA/LNP. Taken together, considering that the fabricated siRNA pHis/LNP exhibits excellent biocompatibility and superior gene silencing activity over conventional LNP, these particles can be utilized for the delivery of a wide range of therapeutic siRNAs.
Large‐scale forcing over the homogeneous regions of summer rainfall anomalies in southern Africa
Authors: Ibebuchi Chibuike Chiedozie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFor the study region (southern Africa), regional and remote large‐scale climate forcing play vital roles in the seasonal rainfall variability. Thus, uncovering the nature of the relationship between large‐scale circulations and homogeneous regions of rainfall anomalies will enhance the predictability of seasonal rainfall at specific domains in southern Africa. Considering both land and adjacent oceans in southern Africa, six austral summer homogeneous regions of rainfall anomalies were classified using the rotated principal component analysis. The analysis of the physical processes associated with the modulation of the distinct rainfall variability patterns reveals that generally, regional variations in cyclonic/anticyclonic circulations and convergence/divergence in the adjacent oceans (and landmasses) modulate the regional convergence of moisture fluxes in southern Africa. Some classified rainfall variability patterns feature homogeneous landmasses that are contiguous with the adjacent ocean, revealing land and adjacent oceans that respond coherently to the large‐scale circulation anomalies associated with the time development of the rainfall variability pattern. Further, remote climate drivers were found to be distinctively related to the regionalized rainfall anomalies, implying that the respective homogeneous rainfall regions respond differently to the large‐scale forcing induced by the (remote) climate drivers over southern Africa. Specifically, among the climate drivers that influence the hydroclimate of southern Africa, variations in the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and the El Niño Southern Oscillation are relatively more associated with regionalized summer rainfall anomalies in southern Africa. Above‐average Nino 3.4 index (i.e., El Niño) negatively correlates with regionalized summer rainfall anomalies over large parts of southern Africa. The positive phase of the SAM positively correlates with rainfall anomaly in the homogeneous summer rainfall region comprising the subtropical parts of southern Africa and the homogeneous summer rainfall region comprising the western equatorial parts of the study region.