bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The IPTA Nashville Consensus Conference on Post‐Transplant lymphoproliferative disorders after solid organ transplantation in children: III – Consensus guidelines for Epstein‐Barr virus load and other biomarker monitoring
Authors: Preiksaitis Jutta , Allen Upton , Bollard Catherine M. , Dharnidharka Vikas R. , Dulek Daniel E. , Green Michael , Martinez Olivia M. , Metes Diana M. , Michaels Marian G. , Smets Françoise , Chinnock Richard E. , Comoli Patrizia , Danziger‐Isakov Lara , Dipchand Anne I. , Esquivel Carlos O. , Ferry Judith A. , Gross Thomas G. , Hayashi Robert J. , Höcker Britta , L’Huillier Arnaud G. , Marks Stephen D. , Mazariegos George Vincent , Squires James , Swerdlow Steven H. , Trappe Ralf U. , Visner Gary , Webber Steven A. , Wilkinson James D. , Maecker‐Kolhoff Brtitta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe International Pediatric Transplant Association convened an expert consensus conference to assess current evidence and develop recommendations for various aspects of care relating to post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders after solid organ transplantation in children. In this report from the Viral Load and Biomarker Monitoring Working Group, we reviewed the existing literature regarding the role of Epstein‐Barr viral load and other biomarkers in peripheral blood for predicting the development of PTLD, for PTLD diagnosis, and for monitoring of response to treatment. Key recommendations from the group highlighted the strong recommendation for use of the term EBV DNAemia instead of “viremia” to describe EBV DNA levels in peripheral blood as well as concerns with comparison of EBV DNAemia measurement results performed at different institutions even when tests are calibrated using the WHO international standard. The working group concluded that either whole blood or plasma could be used as matrices for EBV DNA measurement; optimal specimen type may be clinical context dependent. Whole blood testing has some advantages for surveillance to inform pre‐emptive interventions while plasma testing may be preferred in the setting of clinical symptoms and treatment monitoring. However, EBV DNAemia testing alone was not recommended for PTLD diagnosis. Quantitative EBV DNAemia surveillance to identify patients at risk for PTLD and to inform pre‐emptive interventions in patients who are EBV seronegative pre‐transplant was recommended. In contrast, with the exception of intestinal transplant recipients or those with recent primary EBV infection prior to SOT, surveillance was not recommended in pediatric SOT recipients EBV seropositive pre‐transplant. Implications of viral load kinetic parameters including peak load and viral set point on pre‐emptive PTLD prevention monitoring algorithms were discussed. Use of additional markers, including measurements of EBV specific cell mediated immunity was discussed but not recommended though the importance of obtaining additional data from prospective multicenter studies was highlighted as a key research priority.
Watermelon mosaic virus in the Czech Republic, its recent and historical origins
Authors: Ben Mansour Karima , Gibbs Adrian J. , Komínková Marcela , Komínek Petr , Brožová Jana , Kazda Jan , Zouhar Miloslav , Ryšánek Pavel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWatermelon mosaic virus (WMV) is a potyvirus and a member of the bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) lineage. It is one of the most economically important viral pathogens of cucurbits worldwide and was first reported in the Czech Republic in 2011 from serological surveys (2005–2011). In this study, we confirmed this identification by determining the complete coding regions of five Czech WMV isolates using high‐throughput sequencing and Sanger sequencing (MW188031; OP585149–OP585152), together with the coat protein (CP) genes of 26 additional isolates. Phylogenies were made from these and more than 128 genomes or 128 CP genes from GenBank. They showed that the Czech isolates were most closely related to other European isolates, but, surprisingly, 96.2% of the genomes were recombinant. The nonrecombinant sequences mostly came from basal isolates, all originating from China, and some from unusual hosts (Ailanthus altissima, Alcea rosea and Panax ginseng). The complete WMV genomes form three phylogenetic clades, two of them small and basal, and the third includes all other isolates. Comparative dating suggests that the basal Chinese isolates are descendants of a potyvirus population infecting various dicotyledonous plant species in China at least 2000 years ago. WMV became a crop pathogen around 1000 years ago, a few years after watermelon was taken to northern China and first grown as a crop during the Five Dynasties (907–960 ce).
Mechanisms of spatial contextual cueing in younger and older adults
Authors: Kojouharova Petia , Nagy Boglárka , Czigler István , Gaál Zsófia Anna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe contextual cueing effect is the phenomenon observed when response time (RT) becomes faster in visual search in repeated context compared with a new one. In the present study, we explored whether the mechanisms involved in the effect are age dependent. We investigated it in younger (N = 20, 12 women, 21.2 ± 1.75 years) and older (N = 19, nine women, 67.05 ± 3.94 years) adults. We found a faster target identification in the repeated configurations with similar magnitude in the two age groups, which indicates that this contextual cueing effect remained intact even in the older participants. To shed light on the underlying mechanisms, we measured and compared the amplitude of three event‐related potentials: N2pc, P3, and response‐locked LRP. In the younger group, the larger contextual cueing effect (novel‐minus‐repeated RT difference) correlated positively with a larger difference in amplitude for repeated compared with novel configurations for both the N2pc and the P3 components, but there was no correlation with the response‐locked lateralized readiness potential (rLRP) amplitude difference. However, in the older group, only the rLRP amplitude difference between novel and repeated configurations showed an enhancement with larger contextual cueing. These results suggest that different mechanisms are responsible for the contextual effect in the two age groups. It has both an early and an intermediate locus in younger adults: effective attentional allocation and successful stimulus categorization, or decision‐making confidence are involved; while in older adults, a late locus was identified: a more efficient response organization led to a faster reaction.
Hardening corporate accountability in commodity supply chains under the European Union Deforestation Regulation
Authors: Berning Laila , Sotirov Metodi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe European Union (EU) has recently introduced the Deforestation Regulation to close regulatory gaps in the sustainability and legality of global forest and agricultural commodity supply chains. We analyze this regulatory policy change by drawing on accountability scholarship and institutionalist theories of regulation. Our results show that the Regulation aims to enhance corporate accountability mechanisms through mostly state‐based hard regulation of commodity supply chains, reducing the role of market incentives and private regulation. This policy change is found to be the result of strategic policy‐oriented learning from perceived accountability failures of existing soft market‐based instruments, voluntary trade agreements, and experience with market‐correcting EU timber legality trade rules in a politically favorable context. The institutionalization of new forest‐risk commodity supply chain accountability norms in new EU trade rules would, by design, harden foreign corporate accountability for negative socio‐environmental externalities. However, the de‐facto hardening will depend on the final regulatory design, acceptance, compliance, implementation, enforcement improvements, and avoidance of leakage effects.
Hand pollination, mass spraying, and hybrid seedlings: Do these technologies affect the welfare of smallholder cocoa farmers in Ghana?
Authors: Asante Bright O. , Addai Kwabena N. , Prah Stephen , Temoso Omphile , Ng'ombe John N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdoption of cocoa production technologies has the potential to improve productivity and welfare of smallholder producers in low‐income countries. While studies investigating synergies in agricultural technologies are growing, empirical evidence on the determinants and impacts of adopting multiple cocoa production technologies on smallholder farmers' welfare is scarce. Therefore, this study contributes by analyzing the determinants and effects of adoption of multiple cocoa production technologies on the welfare of smallholder farmers in Ghana. To achieve this, we used the multinomial endogenous switching regression and multivalued inverse probability regression adjustment models to a random sample of 2233 cocoa farmers from Ghana. The results show that various socioeconomic characteristics (e.g., farmer's age and experience), resource constraints (e.g., land ownership and credit access), market‐related factors (e.g., distance to the market), and production shocks (e.g., rainfall) influence the adoption of multiple cocoa production technologies. Furthermore, the results reveal that adopting multiple production technologies significantly improves cocoa yields, gross income, per capita consumption expenditure, and reduces household food insecurity. Therefore, policies, such as financial support, need to be aimed at improving and strengthening smallholder cocoa producers' capacity to adopt synergistic conventional and non‐conventional cocoa production technologies to maximize smallholder farmers' welfare.
The prognostic significance of CDK6 expression in renal cell carcinoma treated by immune checkpoint plus tyrosine kinase inhibition
Authors: Wang Jiajun , Zhang Sihong , Wang Ying , Zhu Yanjun , Xu Xianglai , Guo Jianming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCheckpoint inhibitor immunotherapy plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (IO/TKI) has become the first‐line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), despite the lack of biomarkers. Cyclin‐dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) has shown a regulatory role in antitumour response. The study enrolled two cohorts of metastatic RCC treated by IO/TKI (Zhongshan Hospital [ZS]‐MRCC, n = 45; JAVELIN‐101, n = 726) and two cohorts of localized RCC (ZS‐HRRCC, n = 40; TCGA‐KIRC, n = 530). CDK6 was evaluated by RNA‐sequencing. Progression‐free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint. The prognostic role of CDK6 was evaluated by survival analysis. The correlation between CDK6 and tumour microenvironment was assessed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The high‐CDK6 group displayed a lower response rate (13.6%) than the low‐CDK6 group (56.5%) (P = .002). High‐CDK6 was associated with poor PFS in both the ZS‐MRCC cohort (high‐CDK6, median PFS 6.4 months; low‐CDK6, median PFS not reached; P = .010) and JAVELIN‐101 cohort (high‐CDK6, median PFS 10.0 months; low‐CDK6, median PFS 13.3 month; P = .033). High‐CDK6 was associated with increased PD1+CD8+ T cells (Spearman's ρ = .47, P < .001) and decreased Granzyme B+CD8+ T cells (Spearman's ρ = −.35, P = .030). Finally, a random forest score (RFscore) was built by integrating CDK6 and immunologic genes, which was associated with survival benefits of IO/TKI (RFscore‐low, TKI vs IO/TKI, HR = 2.47, 95% CI 1.82–3.35, P < .001; RFscore‐high, TKI vs IO/TKI, HR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.75–1.32, P = .963). Elevated CDK6 expression indicated resistance and poor PFS under IO/TKI therapy, which was related to exhausted CD8+ T cells. Integrated RFscore could evaluate the benefits of IO/TKI.
Motivation and achievement in undergraduate STEM calculus: Applying self‐determination theory to examine the differential impact of learning environments across demographic groups
Authors: Wiles Benjamin , Levesque‐Bristol Chantal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study examines the relationships among students' perceptions of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, self‐determined motivation, and achievement across two different undergraduate Calculus learning environments at the same institution. Furthermore, it also exposits how learning environments are not culturally or socially neutral by establishing clear evidence that one learning environment offered motivational support and associated achievement gains to specific demographic groups while diminishing motivation and achievement for others. To accomplish this, we applied constructs from Self‐Determination Theory (SDT) within a quasi‐experimental design (N = 6866), controlling for prior math knowledge, in both Calculus I and Calculus II over seven semesters. We use this information to advance the broad notion of student‐centeredness and identify the role of motivational processes by which undergraduate Calculus learning environments function. We propose using motivational frameworks as a tool for defining and measuring student‐centeredness relative to individual students, or student groups, rather than to students as a monolith.
The Microstructural Origins of Acoustic Emission Signatures Encountered During Fracture Cutting of Bovine Cortical Bone
Authors: Mishra Roshan , Conward Michael , Samuel Johnson 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper is aimed at studying the acoustic emission signatures of dominant failure mechanisms encountered during fracture cutting of bovine cortical bone. This is achieved through an orthogonal cutting study performed in a sensor-rich environment comprising a cutting force sensor, acoustic emission sensor, and a high-speed camera. The synchronization of these three sensing modalities allows for the visual identification of the dominant failure modes, while also mapping them to their corresponding acoustic and cutting force metrics. Given their distinctly different underlying microstructures, the haversian and plexiform components of the bovine cortical bone are investigated separately. A total of six dominant failure mechanisms have been confirmed across the haversian and plexiform bone types. Osteon fracture and trans-lamellar fracture have been identified as the mechanisms expending the maximum energy during the fracture cutting of haversian and plexiform bone, respectively. Overall, the acoustic emission and the cutting force metrics are seen to be complementary in characterizing the six failure mechanisms. The findings of this work have implications for tool-mounted sensing modalities that could be used to detect “in-process” failure mechanisms during bone surgical procedures.
Neighborhood Places for Preschool Children’s Physical Activity: A Mixed-Methods Study Using Global Positioning System, Geographic Information Systems, and Accelerometry Data
Authors: Bai Pulan , Schipperijn Jasper , Rosenberg Michael , Christian Hayley 
Published: June 2023

Background: This study adds to the current literature by using a novel device-based method to explore where preschool children are physically active outside of home and childcare settings. This study combined accelerometry with geospatial data to explore the influence of the environment on preschool children’s physical activity by objectively identifying the locations where preschool children engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) within and outside of their neighborhood. Methods: Accelerometry, Global Positioning System, and Geographic Information Systems data from 168 preschool children aged 2–5 years were processed in ArcGIS Pro to identify locations (per 25 × 25-m fishnet cell) with high MVPA counts. Locations with high MVPA counts were defined as those with the top 20% of MVPA counts per fishnet cell. The land use for high MVPA count location was determined for 3 domains: <500 m from home, 500 to 1600 m from home, and >1600 m from home. Results: Locations with high MVPA counts <500 m from home were playgrounds (66.6%), schools (16.7%), and parks (16.7%). Locations with high MVPA counts 500 to 1600 m from home included playgrounds (33.3%), nonhome residential (29.6%), childcare centers (11.1%), and parks (3.7%). Locations with high MVPA counts >1600 m from home included nonhome residential (54.7%), sports and recreation centers (11.1%), playgrounds (6.8%), and parks (5.3%). Conclusions: Our findings highlight that local parks and playgrounds provide physical activity opportunities for preschool children, yet beyond the local neighborhood, the homes of others are important locations for preschool children to accumulate MVPA. These findings can be used to inform the design of current and future neighborhood places to better accommodate preschool children’s MVPA.
New Data on the Patterns of Methane Distribution over the Arctic Shelf of Eurasia
Authors: Shakirov R. B. , Khazanova E. S. , Stepochkin I. E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
New results on the analysis of methane distribution in the troposphere over the Arctic shelf of Eurasia using the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) are reported. The main trends in variability of the methane content (increase), temperature (AIRS, fluctuations without a distinctly manifested trend), and ice coverage for the period 2010–2022 have been revealed. Conclusions were made about the difference in the distributions of atmospheric methane over the western and eastern Eurasian Arctic. These parts were divided according to the zone of permeability, which was formed by a seismically active lineament of Gakkel Ridge. It has been shown that hydrometeorological parameters, including temperature and ice formation, are probably not the main factors for increasing the methane content in the atmosphere of the Eurasian Arctic shelf. The increase in the methane content and the methane distribution are associated with natural regional factors that are widespread over vast areas. These factors include, first of all, geological structures: oil and gas basins and tectonically fragmentated zones of the lithosphere with a different type of degassing.
The Khubsugul Earthquake of January 12, 2021, Mw = 6.7, Northern Mongolia: Geological Effects and Tectonic Position of the Source
Authors: Ovsyuchenko A. N. , Demberel S. , Butanayev Y. V. , Koshevoy N. G. , Batsaikhan Ts. , Baatar N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The geological effects of the Khubsugul earthquake of January 12, 2021, with Mw = 6.7, which became the strongest in the Khubsugul region during the instrumental stage of seismological observations, are studied and mapped. Using the ESI-2007 scale, the epicentral zone with intensity VIII is contoured. The primary seismic rupture is represented by the right-lateral strike–slip with a displacement amplitude up to 20 cm, which renewed the Late Holocene tectonic scarp on the western side of the Khubsugul rift basin. The dynamics of rupturing in the Late Holocene indicates the gradual expansion of the basin due to the destruction of the adjacent mountain range. The data of satellite interferometry and seismological observations are in good agreement with the results of the field studies, which allows considering the delineated region of maximum shaking as a projection of the upper part of the source zone onto the surface.
Blame attribution analysis of police motor vehicle collision reports involving child bicyclists
Authors: Caplan Lea , Lashewicz Bonnie , Pitt Tona Michael , Aucoin Janet , Fridman Liraz , HubkaRao Tate , Pike Ian , Howard Andrew William , Macpherson Alison K , Rothman Linda , Cloutier Marie-Soleil , Hagel Brent E 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundInjuries resulting from collisions between a bicyclist and driver are preventable and have high economic, personal and societal costs. Studying the language choices used by police officers to describe factors responsible for child bicyclist-motor vehicle collisions may help shift prevention efforts away from vulnerable road users to motorists and the environment. The overall aim was to investigate how police officers attribute blame in child (≤18 years) bicycle-motor vehicle collision scenarios.MethodsA document analysis approach was used to analyse Alberta Transportation police collision reports from Calgary and Edmonton (2016–2017). Collision reports were categorised by the research team according to perceived blame (child, driver, both, neither, unsure). Content analysis was then used to examine police officer language choices. A narrative thematic analysis of the individual, behavioural, structural and environmental factors leading to collision blame was then conducted.ResultsOf 171 police collision reports included, child bicyclists were perceived to be at fault in 78 reports (45.6%) and adult drivers were perceived at fault in 85 reports (49.7%). Child bicyclists were portrayed through language choices as being irresponsible and irrational, leading to interactions with drivers and collisions. Risk perception issues were also mentioned frequently in relation to poor decisions made by child bicyclists. Most police officer reports discussed road user behaviours, and children were frequently blamed for collisions.ConclusionsThis work provides an opportunity to re-examine perceptions of factors related to motor vehicle and child bicyclist collisions with a view to prevention.
Comparison of urban and rural mortality rates across the lifespan in Aotearoa/New Zealand: a population-level study
Authors: Nixon Garry , Davie Gabrielle , Whitehead Jesse , Miller Rory , de Graaf Brandon , Lawrenson Ross , Smith Michelle , Wakerman John , Humphreys John , Crengle Sue 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPrevious studies undertaken in New Zealand using generic rurality classifications have concluded that life expectancy and age-standardised mortality rates are similar for urban and rural populations.MethodsAdministrative mortality (2014–2018) and census data (2013 and 2018) were used to estimate age-stratified sex-adjusted mortality rate ratios (aMRRs) for a range of mortality outcomes across the rural-urban spectrum (using major urban centres as the reference) for the total population and separately for Māori and non-Māori. Rural was defined according to the recently developed Geographic Classification for Health.ResultsMortality rates were higher overall in rural areas. This was most pronounced in the youngest age group (<30 years) in the most remote communities (eg, all-cause, amenable and injury-related aMRRs (95% CIs) were 2.1 (1.7 to 2.6), 2.5 (1.9 to 3.2) and 3.0 (2.3 to 3.9) respectively. The rural:urban differences attenuated markedly with increasing age; for some outcomes in those aged 75 years or more, estimated aMRRs were <1.0. Similar patterns were observed for Māori and non-Māori.ConclusionThis is the first time that a consistent pattern of higher mortality rates for rural populations has been observed in New Zealand. A purpose-built urban-rural classification and age stratification were important factors in unmasking these disparities.