bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The exponential function coefficient characteristic of the fault voltage forward traveling wave and protection method for microgrid
Authors: Zhao Jianwen , Du Yiwen , Luo Yaxin , Zhang Yubing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Existing microgrid protection methods suffer from false action or non-action due to the difficulty of wave head extraction. The time-domain expressions of voltage forward traveling wave for internal faults or external faults in microgrid are derived in this paper, and the exponential function coefficient characteristic of the fault voltage forward traveling wave is obtained: the maximum value of exponential function coefficient for the internal fault is greater than that of the external fault. Based on this, a novel microgrid protection method is proposed, which uses the exponential function coefficient characteristic of the fault voltage forward traveling wave. The exponential coefficients are accurately extracted using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, and the fault identification of internal and external faults is determined based on the maximum value of the exponential function coefficients. The time window of the proposed method is 1 ms, which is only 10% of the time window of existing common protection methods using steady state, the speed of protection is enhanced. The simulation test results show that the proposed method is feasible and reliable in various operating states, fault locations, and fault types.
Direct Effect in EU Law
Authors: Gallo Daniele 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The book revisits the past, present, and future of direct effect in European Union law. It offers a fully innovative understanding of this revolutionary doctrine from historical, theoretical, doctrinal, and practical perspectives. The volume explains that direct effect has evolved into a broader legal category than it was at the outset of the European legal integration process in the 1960s. Such evolution should be acknowledged, articulated, and systematized by the CJEU. Indeed, despite direct effect being the backbone of EU (institutional, constitutional, procedural, and substantive) law, this principle lacks a clear legal framing by the CJEU as to its core components and consequences. This form of self-restraint is as troublesome as judicial activism since courts should always endeavour to effectively understand and legally frame fundamental principles from which other principles, rules of reason, and legal taxonomies are derived. Moreover, argumentative minimalism runs the risk of undermining the spirit and purpose of the process of European integration, especially in a time like ours, when new forms of populism, sovereigntism, and anti-Europeanism are on the rise. In this connection, the aim of the book is to reconstruct direct effect, also beyond Van Gend & Loos and the doctrine originating from it, and ultimately submit solutions for its principled comprehension and enforcement.
Mexican Canto Nuevo
Authors: Palomares-Salas Claudio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The book explores the origin and development of Mexican Canto Nuevo, a musical and cultural movement that influenced Mexican music, politics, and culture from the 1960s to the late 1980s. It delves into several aspects of Canto Nuevo’s evolution, from its origins during the 1968 student movement to its peak and eventual decline in the late 1980s. Discussions range from Canto Nuevo’s nomenclature and temporality to the Marxist/humanist principles that defined the movement’s lyrical production and governed the lives of its participants to the folklorization processes that were at the core of Canto Nuevo’s origins and development and the politicized responses they elicited. The book thoroughly explores the work of some of the movement’s most prominent artists, among them Los Folkloristas, Judith Reyes, José de Molina, León Chávez Teixeiro, Óscar Chávez, Los Nakos, Margarita Bauche, Enrique Ballesté, Amparo Ochoa, La Peña Móvil, Gabino Palomares, and several others. It discusses Canto Nuevo’s relationship with other militant song movements, such as Chilean Nueva Canción and Cuban Nueva Trova, reasserting Mexican Canto Nuevo into current academic discussions on the pan–Latin American Nueva Canción movement of the 1960s–1980s. The last four chapters offer a chronological analysis of main events, peñas, artists’ organizations, record labels, festivals, and albums. They also clarify the complex relationship between the Mexican state and Canto Nuevo, explaining the climate of hostile tolerance in which it developed.
Mexican Canto Nuevo’s Calls and Responses
Authors: Palomares-Salas Claudio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chapter 3 investigates the origins of Mexican Canto Nuevo and its ties to a soundscape that included rock ’n’ roll, folklorized music, and militant songs. It examines the 1950s–1960s folklorized/politicized response to rock ’n’ roll, led by progressive, middle-class artists such as Salvador Ojeda and the influential group Los Folkloristas. It then explores how Canto Nuevo emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s, influenced by—and in constant dialogue with—the Argentinean Nuevo Cancionero, Chilean Nueva Canción, and Cuban Nueva Trova, as well as the Spanish Militant Song and US Protest Song movements.
The Rising (1969–1976)
Authors: Palomares-Salas Claudio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chapter 5 explores the period 1969 to 1976, when the Canto Nuevo movement arose as a cultural force. After the Tlatelolco events, the PRI initiated a problematic policy of openness that created a context of hostile tolerance that Canto Nuevo had to learn to navigate. The chapter explores the emergence of the peñas, the significance of Salvador Allende’s Unidad Popular and Chilean Nueva Canción, the intense solidarity activity carried out by both Canto Nuevo and the Mexican state after Augusto Pinochet’s 1973 military coup, and the emergence of Discos Pueblo as the most emblematic record label of the movement along with Nueva Cultura Latinoamericana. The chapter focuses on artists’ organizations like CLETA, CEFOL, and FLEC and discusses Amparo Ochoa’s El cancionero popular (1974). Finally, it explores the work of Los Masiosares, Peña Móvil, On’ta, and La Nopalera.
Measuring Gender-Responsiveness of Trade Agreements
Authors: Bahri Amrita 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The previous two chapters have offered discussions on how trade agreements can uphold women empowerment and the hesitations policymakers can have in that respect. Given this understanding, let us assume that a trade negotiator is now convinced that a trade agreement their country is currently negotiating should be responsive to women’s concerns. What provisions might make this agreement responsive and how can this negotiator measure its responsiveness? Is there an established framework available that can guide negotiators in enhancing the responsiveness of agreements to women’s concerns, whether during initial negotiations or renegotiations of an existing agreement? This chapter introduces the International Trade Centre’s Maturity Framework that the author of this book has prepared to help trade negotiators measure the responsiveness of their trade agreements to women’s concerns. This new methodology, using this diagnostic approach, can also allow countries to develop a roadmap to achieve the desired level of responsiveness for their free trade agreements (FTAs) in accordance with their needs, willingness, and resources. The chapter delineates the components of the new framework, discusses its benefits and limitations, and elucidates its operational mechanisms. It concludes with practical recommendations for negotiators on the application of the framework.
Lipid-mediated resolution of inflammation and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Yildiz Ozlem , Hunt Guy P , Schroth Johannes , Dhillon Gurleen , Spargo Thomas P , Al-Chalabi Ammar , Koks Sulev , Turner Martin R , Shaw Pamela J , Henson Sian M , Iacoangeli Alfredo , Malaspina Andrea 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Neuroinflammation impacts on the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Specialized pro-resolving mediators trigger the resolution of inflammation. We investigate the specialized pro-resolving mediator blood profile and their receptors’ expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to survival in ALS. People living with ALS (pwALS) were stratified based on bulbar versus limb onset and on key progression metrics using a latent class model, to separate faster progressing from slower progressing ALS. Specialized pro-resolving mediator blood concentrations were measured at baseline and in one additional visit in 20 pwALS and 10 non-neurological controls (Cohort 1). Flow cytometry was used to study the GPR32 and GPR18 resolvin receptors’ expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 40 pwALS and 20 non-neurological controls (Cohort 2) at baseline and in two additional visits in 17 pwALS. Survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards models, including known clinical predictors and GPR32 and GPR18 mononuclear cell expression. Differential expression and linear discriminant analyses showed that plasma resolvins were able to distinguish phenotypic variants of ALS from non-neurological controls. RvE3 was elevated in blood from pwALS, whilst RvD1, RvE3, RvT4 and RvD1n-3 DPA were upregulated in A-S and RvD2 in A-F. Compared to non-neurological controls, GPR32 was upregulated in monocytes expressing the active inflammation-suppressing CD11b+ integrin from fast-progressing pwALS, including those with bulbar onset disease (P &lt; 0.0024), whilst GPR32 and GPR18 were downregulated in most B and T cell subtypes. Only GPR18 was upregulated in naïve double positive Tregs, memory cytotoxic Tregs, senescent late memory B cells and late senescent CD8+ T cells from pwALS compared to non-neurological controls (P &lt; 0.0431). Higher GPR32 and GPR18 median expression in blood mononuclear cells was associated with longer survival, with GPR32 expression in classical monocytes (hazard ratio: 0.11, P = 0.003) and unswitched memory B cells (hazard ratio: 0.44, P = 0.008) showing the most significant association, along with known clinical predictors. Low levels of resolvins and downregulation of their membrane receptors in blood mononuclear cells are linked to a faster progression of ALS. Higher mononuclear cell expression of resolvin receptors is a predictor of longer survival. These findings suggest a lipid-mediated neuroprotective response that could be harnessed to develop novel therapeutic strategies and biomarkers for ALS.
Differential gene set enrichment of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition pathway in BRAF- vs. NRAS-mutated metastatic melanoma
Authors: Raimundi-Santos Victor J , Porter Tyrel R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Melanoma is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths and is frequently driven by mutations in the BRAF and NRAS genes. These mutations disrupt key cellular signalling pathways that promote tumour growth and metastasis, but they have distinct biological and clinical implications, particularly in their response to treatment and impact on patient prognosis. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in which epithelial cells undergo changes in response to specific transcription factors. There are currently few studies investigating the EMT within BRAF and NRAS mutations. The aim of this study was to further elucidate activation of the EMT pathway in metastatic melanoma, focusing on BRAF- and NRAS-mutated samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that BRAF mutations were more significantly associated with increased EMT activation relative to all other mutations in the dataset. In contrast, NRAS mutations were not significantly associated with gene expression of the EMT pathway, suggesting alternative mechanisms for metastasis.
Alterations in cardiac function correlate with a disruption in fatty acid metabolism in a mouse model of SMA
Authors: Nair Nithya N , Kline Rachel A , Boyd Imogen , Anikumar Meenakshi , Thomson Adrian , Lamont Douglas J , Gray Gillian A , Wishart Thomas M , Murray Lyndsay M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Spinal Muscular Atrophy is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations and deletions within the SMN1 gene, with predominantly childhood onset. Although primarily a motor neuron disease, defects in non-neuronal tissues are described in both patients and mouse models. Here, we have undertaken a detailed study of the heart in the Smn2B/− mouse models of SMA, and reveal a thinning of the ventriclar walls as previously described in more severe mouse models of SMA. However most structural changes are resolved by accounting for the smaller body size of the SMA mouse, as was also confirmed in the SMN∆7 model. Echocardiography revealed increased systolic function, which was particularly pronounced in subsets of mice and an increase in global longitudinal strain, collectively indicative of increased cardiac stress in the Smn2B/− mouse model. We have used TMT proteomics to perform a longitudinal study of the proteome of the hearts of Smn2B/− mice and reveal a progressive dysregulation of LXR/RXR signalling which is a regulator of lipid metabolism. We further show consistent perturbations in lipid metabolism in the Smn2B/−, Smn−/−;SMN2;SmnΔ7and SmnΔ7/Δ7;SMN2 mouse models of SMA on the day of birth. This work indicates that although structural changes in the heart can be overstated by failing to account for body size, there are functional defects which could predispose the heart to subsequent failure. We identify a common molecular signature across mouse models pointing to a dysregulation in lipid metabolism, and suggest that manipulation of LXR/RXR signalling offers an opportunity to impact upon these pathways.
Neurofilament light chain level is associated with lifetime suicidal behaviors
Authors: Cheng Ying-Chih , Liu Yu-Li , Chen Wen-Yin , Chiu Chih-chiang , Huang Ming-Chyi , Kuo Po-Hsiu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Suicide is among the severe outcomes of mental illness and has been reported to be associated with neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. The blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) level is a biomarker of neuronal damage in neuropsychiatric disorders. This study investigated whether the NfL levels are associated with lifetime suicidal behaviors and whether this level is higher in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared with healthy controls.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we included 73 patients with MDD and 40 age- and sex-matched controls. The blood NfL levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We compared the NfL levels between patients with MDD and controls and performed regression analysis to evaluate the association between the NfL levels and suicidal behaviors.

Results
Nearly half of the patients with MDD (43.80%) reported lifetime suicide attempts. Those with MDD had higher blood NfL levels, but their levels did not significantly differ from those of the healthy controls. Logistic regression results revealed higher risks of lifetime suicide planning (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.64) and suicide attempts (OR = 1.94) with every 10 pg/mL increase in the NfL levels.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that higher serum NfL levels were associated with lifetime suicidal behavior.
Real-world comparative outcomes and toxicities after definitive radiotherapy using proton beam therapy versus intensity-modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer: a retrospective, single-institutional analysis
Authors: Ishikawa Yojiro , Suzuki Motohisa , Yamaguchi Hisashi , Seto Ichiro , Machida Masanori , Takagawa Yoshiaki , Azami Yusuke , Dai Yuntao , Sulaiman Nor Shazrina , Teramura Satoshi , Narita Yuki , Kato Takahiro , Kikuchi Yasuyuki , Fukaya Yasuo , Murakami Masao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and proton beam therapy (PBT). A total of 606 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer between January 2008 and December 2018 were included. Of these patients, 510 received PBT up to a dose of 70–78 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) and 96 patients received IMRT up to a dose of 70–78 Gy. The median follow-up period was 82 months (range: 32–140 months). Patients in the PBT group had significantly higher 7-year rates of biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates: 95.1% for PBT vs 89.9% for IMRT (P = 0.0271) and 93.1% for PBT vs 85.0% for IMRT (P = 0.0019). After matching analysis, 94 patients were assigned to both groups, and the PBT group showed significantly higher 7-year bRFS and DFS rates: 98.9% for PBT vs 89.7% for IMRT (P = 0.023) and 93.4% for PBT vs 84.6% for IMRT (P = 0.022), respectively. In the subgroup analysis of intermediate-risk patients, the PBT group showed a significantly higher 7-year bRFS rate (98.3% for PBT vs 90.5% for IMRT; P = 0.007). The V60 of the bladder in the PBT group (18.1% ± 10.1%) was higher than that in the IMRT group (14.4% ± 7.6%) (P = 0.024). This study found that the treatment outcomes of PBT potentially surpassed those of IMRT specifically concerning bRFS and DFS in real-world settings. However, it should be noted that attention is warranted for late bladder complication of PBT.
Acute thoracic disc herniation with severe spinal cord compression: a case report
Authors: Cahueque Mario , Cobar Andres , Montenegro Santiago 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This case report highlights the rare presentation of an acute thoracic disc herniation in a 27-year-old male. Thoracic disc herniations are uncommon, accounting for less than 1% of all disc herniations, and acute presentations have scantly been recorded in literature. The patient, a mechanic, presented with a sudden onset of dorsal pain and bilateral lower limb weakness after lifting heavy equipment, leading to a sudden cease of most motor functions in the patient’s lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a severe T9/T10 herniation with significant spinal cord compression. Emergency surgical decompression via a right-sided transpedicular thoracic approach was performed, resulting in progressive neurological recovery. This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis, timely surgical intervention, and multidisciplinary management in achieving favorable outcomes for this rare condition.
Longitudinal Improvement of Quality of Life in Children With Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease Treated With Proximal Femoral Varus Osteotomy
Authors: Valencia Angel A. , Do Dang-Huy , Jo Chan-Hee , Kim Harry K.W. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Proximal femoral varus osteotomy (PFVO) is commonly performed to improve femoral head containment and decrease deformity in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD). Little is known about how PFVO impacts the quality of life after surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal changes to patient-reported physical, mental, and social health measures after PFVO.

Methods:
This is a retrospective review of prospectively collected Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) data from 20 patients with unilateral LCPD treated with a PFVO. We collected seven PROMIS measures (mobility, anxiety, fatigue, depressive symptoms, pain interference, anger, and peer relationships) before and approximately 1, 3, 8, 12, and 18 months after surgery. We compared PROMIS scores across different time points using repeated measures ANOVA and multiple pairwise comparisons with Tukey adjustment. The relationship between presurgery and postsurgery mental health scores was analyzed using a Spearman correlation.

Results:
The mean age at PFVO was 8.2 ± 1.6 years. The mean length of follow-up was 17.0 ± 2.1 months. There was a significant improvement in the mobility score between preoperation and 12 months (P=0.0031) and 18 months postoperation (P<0.0001). Anxiety scores significantly improved from preoperation and 18 months postoperation (P=0.0014). A significant reduction in the pain interference score between preoperation and 12 and 18 months postoperation (P<0.0001) was observed. Peer relationships significantly improved from one month postoperatively to 18 months postoperation (P=0.0355). Individual variations were also observed with some patients having elevated depressive symptoms and anxiety scores. Moderate correlations between preoperative and postoperative anxiety and depressive symptoms scores were observed.

Conclusions:
PROMIS mobility, anxiety, pain interference, and peer relationship scores improved significantly after PFVO. While the mean anxiety, depressive symptoms, peer relationships, and anger scores were in normal ranges at each visit, individual variations with elevated anxiety and depressive symptom scores were observed. This new longitudinal PROMIS data will better inform patients and families about the quality of life and recovery experience after PFVO.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—therapeutic study
Fast and accurate modeling of TCR-peptide-MHC complexes using tFold-TCR
Authors: Wu Fandi , Zhao Yu , Xiao Yang , Qin Chenchen , Wang Fang , Wu Zihan , Huang Long-Kai , Liu Xiao , Song Jiangning , He Bing , Rossjohn Jamie , Yao Jianhua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlpha-beta T cell receptor (αβTCR) recognition of peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (pMHCs) is a corner- stone of the adaptive immune system. Fast and accurate modeling of TCR-pMHC structures is crucial for understanding TCR recognition of pMHCs at the molecular level, which is essential for the development of TCR-based therapeutics and vaccines. Despite significant interest, this challenge remains unresolved due to the diversity of TCR-pMHC interactions and limited structural data. Here, we present tFold-TCR, a high-throughput, end-to-end universal model for predicting three-dimensional (3D) atomic-level structures of TCR-pMHC complexes, capable of predicting TCRs of different classes and MHC structures from diverse systems. tFold-TCR leverages a specially trained, protein-protein interaction-sensitive large protein language model to extract intra- and inter-chain residue contact information and evolutionary relationships, bypassing the need for multiple sequence alignment (MSA) searches. It also features innovative structure prediction and flexible docking modules to enhance accuracy, particularly for interacting contacts. Compared to existing methods, including AlphaFold-3, tFold-TCR demonstrates a 30.7% increase in prediction success rate evaluated by DockQ and is over 25 times faster. These advancements enable large-scale structural characterization of TCRs and their interactions with pMHCs. Utilizing this capability, we constructed TCRStructDB, the largest database of TCR-pMHC structures to date, encompassing 2.2 million TCRs, 0.8 million pMHCs, and 45,000 TCR-pMHC complexes. TCRStructDB provides unprecedented insights into one of the most diverse receptor-ligand interactions in biology.