bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atp1a2 and Kcnj9 Are Candidate Genes Underlying Sensitivity to Oxycodone‐Induced Locomotor Activation and Withdrawal‐Induced Anxiety‐Like Behaviors in C57BL/6 Substrains
Authors: Goldberg Lisa R. , Baskin Britahny M. , Beierle Jacob A. , Adla Yahia , Kelliher Julia C. , Yao Emily J. , Kirkpatrick Stacey L. , Reed Eric R. , Jenkins David F. , Cox Jiayi , Luong Alexander M. , Luttik Kimberly P. , Scotellaro Julia A. , Drescher Timothy A. , Crotts Sydney B. , Yazdani Neema , Ferris Martin T. , Johnson W. Evan , Mulligan Megan K. , Bryant Camron D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOpioid use disorder is heritable, yet its genetic etiology is largely unknown. C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NJ mouse substrains exhibit phenotypic diversity in the context of limited genetic diversity which together can facilitate genetic discovery. Here, we found C57BL/6NJ mice were less sensitive to oxycodone (OXY)‐induced locomotor activation versus C57BL/6J mice in a conditioned place preference paradigm. Narrow‐sense heritability of OXY‐induced locomotor activity traits ranged from 0.22 to 0.31, implicating suitability for genetic analysis. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in an F2 cross identified a chromosome 1 QTL explaining 7%–12% of the variance in OXY locomotion and anxiety‐like withdrawal in the elevated plus maze. A second QTL for EPM withdrawal behavior on chromosome 5 near Gabra2 (alpha‐2 subunit of GABA‐A receptor) explained 9% of the variance. To narrow the chromosome 1 locus, we generated recombinant lines spanning 163–181 Mb, captured the QTL for OXY locomotor traits and withdrawal, and fine‐mapped a 2.45‐Mb region (170.16–172.61 Mb). Transcriptome analysis identified five, localized striatal cis‐eQTL transcripts and two were confirmed at the protein level (KCNJ9, ATP1A2). Kcnj9 codes for a potassium channel (GIRK3) that is a major effector of mu opioid receptor signaling. Atp1a2 codes for a subunit of a Na+/K+ ATPase enzyme that regulates neuronal excitability and shows functional adaptations following chronic opioid administration. To summarize, we identified two candidate genes underlying the physiological and behavioral properties of opioids, with direct preclinical relevance to investigators employing these widely used substrains and clinical relevance to human genetic studies of opioid use disorder.
Postoperative circulating tumor cells predict the benefits of tyrosine kinase inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma after transplantation
Authors: Guo De‐Zhen , Zhang Shi‐Yu , Yang Man , Xu Yang , Wang Peng‐Xiang , Guo Wei , Huang Xiao‐Wu , Fan Jia , Zhou Jian , Yang Xin‐Rong , Cheng Jian‐Wen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimCirculating tumor cells (CTC) have shown promise in predicting the outcomes of adjuvant treatments for several malignancies. The clinical significance of CTC in predicting the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) administration in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was unclear.MethodsA total of 429 patients who underwent liver transplantation for HCC had provided 335 preoperative and 373 postoperative blood samples that could be used for CTC detection (pre‐CTC and post‐CTC). The association of the pre‐CTC and post‐CTC findings with the efficacy of TKI administration was assessed. Additionally, CTC surveillance was performed in 27 patients during TKI administration.ResultsPatients with detectable post‐CTC, instead of pre‐CTC, showed a significantly longer time to recurrence when receiving a TKI after liver transplantation for HCC (hazard ratio 0.57; P = 0.042). Whereas patients without detectable post‐CTC did not benefit from the TKI administration (P = 0.270). Furthermore, we also found that patients who persistently harbored CTC during TKI administration showed significantly higher early recurrence rates (≤1 year; 40% vs. 5.9%, P < 0.001) and a shorter time to recurrence (HR 7.03; P < 0.001) than those whose CTC status switched from positive to negative. In addition, longitudinal CTC monitoring demonstrated that CTC tended to reflect drug resistance during TKI administration.ConclusionsThe postoperative CTC level could predict the efficacy of TKI treatment for HCC patients after liver transplantation. Dynamic monitoring for CTC during treatment could sensitively reflect the response to the TKI, the development of drug resistance, and foresee tumor recurrence.
Impact of distance from liver transplant centre on outcomes following liver transplantation: an Australian single‐centre study
Authors: Chin Simone , Kench Charlotte , Cao Rena , Lee Christina , Waller Karen , Virtue Susan , West Claire , Valliani Talal , Bowen David G. , Jacob Rachael , Gill Madeleine , Pulitano Carlo , Crawford Michael , Strasser Simone I. , McCaughan Geoffrey W. , Liu Ken 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAccess to liver transplantation (LT) is affected by geographic disparities. Higher waitlist mortality is observed in patients residing farther from LT centres, but the impact of distance on post‐LT outcomes is unclear.AimsTo evaluate whether the distance LT recipients reside from their LT centre affects graft and patient outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively studied consecutive adult patients who received deceased donor LT at a statewide LT referral centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH), 2006–2021. The primary outcome was overall patient survival.ResultsA total of 973 patients who underwent LT during the study period were analysed. The median distance from patient residence to RPAH was 44.9 km (interquartile range 21.9–168.0). Of these, 64.2% lived ≤100 km from RPAH. Compared to patients living ≤100 km from RPAH, those living >100 km away were less likely to be male, have chronic hepatitis B as their cause of liver disease or have hepatocellular carcinoma as their primary indication for LT. Living >100 km from RPAH was associated with fewer face‐to‐face clinic visits in the first year after LT (10 vs 11 visits, P < 0.001) and fewer readmissions to RPAH (32.4% vs 67.6%, P < 0.001). Distance from RPAH, regional code and socioeconomic code did not affect long‐term graft or patient survival based on Kaplan–Meier survival analysis (log‐rank P > 0.1).ConclusionIn our single‐centre Australian study, patients living farther from their LT centre had different demographics. Distance from the LT centre was not associated with long‐term inferior graft or patient survival after LT.
Proposal and exploration of a novel score to quantify patient‐perceived burden of inflammatory bowel disease under routine care
Authors: Pipicella Joseph L. , Gu Bonita , McNamara Jack , Wilson William , Palmer Lyle J. , Connor Susan J. , Andrews Jane M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often reported on from a system or cost viewpoint. We created and explored a novel patient‐perceived burden of disease (PPBoD) score in a large Australasian cohort.AimTo create and explore a novel patient‐perceived burden of disease (PPBoD) score in a large Australasian cohort, and correlate PPBoD scores with demographics, disease and treatment factors.MethodsThe Crohn Colitis Care Registry was interrogated in October 2023. Data from adults with IBD with an outpatient care encounter in the last 14 months among 17 centres were included. A novel PPBoD score was designed for ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn disease (CD) and IBD‐unclassified (IBDU). Correlations between PPBoD scores and demographics, disease and treatment factors were examined.ResultsOf those with adequate data, 46.7% (2653/5685) had no PPBoD, 34.6% (1969/5685) had mild, 11.3% (641/5685) had moderate and 7.4% (422/5685) had significant PPBoD. New Zealanders were more likely to have higher PPBoD compared to Australians (P = 0.047). Greater PPBoD was seen in patients with CD and IBDU compared to patients with UC (P < 0.001) and females were more likely to have significant PPBoD (8.7%) than males (6.1%) (P < 0.001). People with no or mild PPBoD were more likely to be on advanced therapies (55.7% and 59.5% respectively) than those with significant PPBoD (46.3%) (P < 0.001). The proportion of people on advanced therapies in Australia was higher than in New Zealand (61.2% vs 38.5% respectively, P < 0.001). Steroid usage was significantly higher in people with greater PPBoD (significant BoD 7.1% vs no BoD 1.1%; P < 0.001).ConclusionMost of this real‐world care cohort had no or mild PPBoD. Data suggest that higher PPBoD levels may be resolved by appropriate therapeutic escalations.
The Prevalence and Predictors of Atrioventricular Blocks in Syrian Patients Reporting to the Emergency Department During the Ongoing Conflict: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Antoun Ibrahim , Alkhayer Alkassem , Eldin Aref Jalal , Alkhayer Alamer , Yazji Khaled , Somani Riyaz , André Ng G. , Zakkar Mustafa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAtrioventricular block (AVB) is a cardiac conduction disorder that can lead to significant clinical outcomes, particularly in resource‐limited and conflict‐affected regions. In Syria, healthcare infrastructure has been severely impacted by ongoing conflict, potentially affecting the prevalence and management of AVB.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study at Tishreen University Hospital in Latakia, Syria, with patients > 40 who presented to the emergency department (ED) from June 1 to August 1, 2024. Routine 12‐lead ECGs were performed, with AVB diagnoses confirmed by two independent cardiology consultants. Exclusion criteria included pre‐existing AVB, pacemaker presence, hemodynamic instability, and ECG diagnostic discrepancies. Patient demographics and comorbidities were assessed, and logistic regression analyses identified predictors of AVB.ResultsThe final analysis included 692 patients, of which AVB was detected in 7% of the cohort. Patients with AVB were significantly older (median age 76 vs. 54 years, p < 0.001) and had higher rates of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (62% vs. 14%, p < 0.001) and diabetes (56% vs. 21%, p = 0.01). Logistic regression showed older age (odds ratio [OR]: 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6−5.6, p < 0.001), IHD (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.4−4.5, p < 0.001), and DM (OR: 3.9, 95% CI: 2.9−8.3, p < 0.001) were independently associated with AVB.ConclusionAVB prevalence in the Syrian ED setting is high, with age, IHD, and diabetes as significant predictors. Routine ECG screening in EDs may facilitate early AVB detection in at‐risk populations, especially in conflict‐affected regions with limited healthcare resources. This approach could improve outcomes by enabling timely intervention in high‐risk patients.
Physical and neurophysiological maturation associated with ADHD among previously institutionalized children: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Arnett Anne B. , Antúnez Martín , Zeanah Charles , Fox Nathan A. , Nelson Charles A. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental outcome among children with a history of early institutional care. Prior research on institutionalized children suggested that accelerated physical growth in childhood is a risk factor for ADHD outcomes.MethodsThe current study examined physical and neurophysiological growth trajectories among institutionalized children randomized to foster care treatment (n = 59) or care as usual (n = 54), and never institutionalized children (n = 64) enrolled in the Bucharest Early Intervention Project (NCT00747396, clinicaltrials.gov). Participants completed physical and electroencephalography (EEG) assessments at six time points from infancy through adolescence, as well as structured diagnostic interviews at the 54‐month and 12‐year time points. A series of multilevel growth models and cross‐lagged path models were estimated to examine associations among physical and neurophysiological maturation, treatment group, age of foster care placement, and ADHD diagnostic outcomes.ResultsTwenty‐seven percent of the institutionalized children met research criteria for ADHD at one or both time points. Slowed, prolonged growth of height and head circumference were associated with both ADHD and delayed foster care placement. Placement in foster care versus care as usual, but not ADHD, was associated with maturation of the peak alpha frequency. Among children randomized to foster care, average theta‐beta ratio was lower among those with ADHD. There was no evidence that rapid physical maturation led to atypical cortical activity.ConclusionsDelayed, prolonged physical growth and atypical neurophysiology from infancy through adolescence is associated with ADHD among institutionalized children, over and above the protective effects of foster care.
Growth modeling of the European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) in a large alpine river based on age‐at‐length, mark‐recapture, and length‐frequency data
Authors: Droll Jan , Nagel Christoffer , Pander Joachim , Ebert Sophie , Geist Juergen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnimal growth is a fundamental component of population dynamics, which is closely tied to mortality, fecundity, and maturation. As a result, estimating growth often serves as the basis of population assessments. In fish, analysing growth typically involves fitting a growth model to age‐at‐length data derived from counting growth rings in calcified structures. Additionally, fish growth can be estimated using length‐frequency data or data on changes in length derived from mark‐recapture events. In our study of the European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) in the alpine region of Germany, we utilized all three types of datasets to develop the initial growth model. For the age‐at‐length data from scales, we applied the traditional von Bertalanffy growth function using both a Bayesian and a frequentist approach. Furthermore, we adopted the mark‐recapture data along with the Fabens model for reparametrizing the von Bertalanffy growth model. The electronic length‐frequency analysis (ELEFAN) was employed to examine the length‐frequency data of the grayling, encompassing multiple sampling events from 2013 to 2022. Our findings indicated that the mark‐recapture data, in conjunction with the Fabens model, yielded the most plausible values for both statistical approaches. When the von Bertalanffy growth function was used, the frequentist approach generated unreasonably high values, whereas the Bayesian version produced meaningful results when appropriate priors were applied, suggesting potential issues with the age‐at‐length data related to ageing. The ELEFAN approach produced the smallest yet reasonable growth parameters, contradicting other studies on the European grayling. The lower values may be attributed to the lack of larger fish in most of the sampling events, resulting in a relatively low asymptotic length and slow growth rate. As demonstrated in this case study on grayling from the River Inn, the use of growth characteristics may be a currently underestimated yet very useful indicator of target species assessment that can nicely complement other population health indicators.
Lynch Syndrome: Similarities and Differences of Recommendations in Published Guidelines
Authors: Abu‐Freha Naim , Hozaeel Wael , Weissmann Sarah , Lerner Zlata , Ben‐Shoshan Liza , Ganayem Roba , Katz Lior H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn this review, we aimed to compare the recommendations for Lynch syndrome (LS).MethodsWe compared the LS's guidelines of different medical societies, including recommendations for cancer surveillance, aspirin treatment, and universal screening.ResultsMost guidelines for LS patients recommend intervals of 1–2 years for performing colonoscopy, though there is disagreement regarding the age to begin CRC screening (dependent on status as a MLH1/MSH2 or MSH6/PMS2 carrier). There are inconsistencies between LS guidelines for gastric cancer surveillance. Most guidelines do not recommend routine surveillance of the pancreas and small bowel. Most but not all of the guidelines support endometrial and ovarian surveillance with transvaginal ultrasound and endometrial biopsy. Only two societies recommend urological surveillance, while others recommend surveillance among high‐risk carriers with family history only. There is significant disagreement between the guidelines about the recommendation for limited or extended bowel resection among patients with CRC. Aspirin use is recommended by most societies, though some with reservations, and most of them recommend universal screening.ConclusionsThere are significant disparities and disagreements in the guidelines and recommendations for patients with LS, causing confusion and difficulties for clinicians. Harmonization and cooperation are needed between the societies creating LS guidelines.
Cryo‐SEM and large volume FIB‐SEM of Arabidopsis cotyledons: Degradation of lipid bodies, biogenesis of glyoxysomes and reorganisation of organelles during germination
Authors: Wanner Gerhard , Schroeder‐Reiter Elizabeth , Assaad Farhah F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUntil recently, the lack of three‐dimensional visualisation of whole cells at the electron microscopic (EM) level has led to a significant gap in our understanding of the interaction of cellular organelles and their interconnection. This is particularly true with regard to the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we perform three‐dimensional reconstructions of serial FIB/SEM stacks and anaglyphs derived from volume rendering, cryo‐scanning electron microscopy (cryo‐SEM) and state‐of‐the‐art electron microscopy immobilisation and imaging techniques. The results show that glyoxysomes are formed de novo in large numbers and in characteristic clusters on the ER upon germination in mesophyll cells of Arabidopsis cotyledons. The degradation of lipid bodies during germination occurs not only via the ER, which enlarges by taking up polar lipids resulting from enzymatic degradation by lipases, but also via glyoxysomes, which engulf lipid bodies. Dictyosomal (Golgi‐derived) vesicles, which fuse with glyoxysomes or their precursors, also appear to be involved in the differentiation of glyoxysomes from segments of the ER. The formation of the central vacuole is the result of the fusion of protein storage vacuoles (protein bodies), which become complex three‐dimensional structures during germination. Our observations also suggest that the vacuole plays a role in the degradation of glyoxysomes. The evidence provided in three dimensions shows that the endoplasmic reticulum plays a central role in the biogenesis and degradation of lipid bodies, the ontogeny of glyoxysomes and the development of plastids in the mesophyll cells of Arabidopsis cotyledons.
The Uptake of the Influenza Vaccine in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Greenslade Sarah , Tai Andrew 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundChildren with cystic fibrosis are more likely to become severely unwell with influenza‐associated illness compared to children without chronic lung disease. The provision of accessible influenza vaccinations is essential in the prevention of infection.ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence of the influenza vaccine uptake in children with cystic fibrosis from 2016 to 2020 at a single tertiary paediatric hospital site and determine if the COVID pandemic of 2020 and the introduction of telehealth encounters affected the vaccine uptake.MethodsA retrospective study of children with cystic fibrosis aged 6 months to 18 years who reside in South Australia was performed using the Women's and Children's Hospital (WCH) Respiratory Department cystic fibrosis database from 2016 to 2020. The Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) was used to determine vaccination status during this period.ResultsOne hundred and eighty two children with cystic fibrosis were identified, one hundred and seventy two of whom vaccination records were available on the Australian Immunisation Register. Proportion of eligible patients who were vaccinated ranged from 66% to 88% in the years 2016–2019. There was no significant decrease in uptake during the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020 (75%). Despite the introduction of Telehealth reviews in 2020 majority (66%) of patients continued to have exclusive face‐to‐face appointments, of which 73% received the vaccination. Vaccination coverage of those who received combination of Telehealth and face‐to‐face was 81%.ConclusionThe high influenza vaccination rate of South Australian children with cystic fibrosis is consistent with rates seen in other tertiary centres globally. This study demonstrated that the pandemic and introduction of Telehealth appointments did not have any impact in the uptake of the influenza vaccination in our South Australian population.
Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass Into Valuable Feed for Ruminants Using White Rot Fungi
Authors: Zheng Chen , Cone John W. , van Peer Arend , Baars Johan J. P. , Hendriks Wouter H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWhite rot fungi can degrade lignin and improve the nutritional value of highly lignified biomass for ruminants. We screened for excellent fungi‐biomass combinations by investigating the improvement of digestibility of wheat straw, barley straw, oat straw, rapeseed straw, miscanthus, new reed, spent reed from thatched roofs, and cocoa shells after colonisation by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (CS), Lentinula edodes (LE), and Pleurotus eryngii (PE) (indicated by increased in vitro gas production [IVGP]). First, growth was evaluated for three fungi on all types of biomass, over a period of 17 days in race tubes. CS grew faster than LE and PE on all types of biomass. LE did not grow on cocoa shells, while growth rate of CS and PE on cocoa shells was lower compared to other types of biomass. After this first screening, all types of biomass, excluding the cocoa shells, were colonised by the three fungal strains for 8 weeks. Treatment with CS and LE improved IVGP more than treatment with PE. Methane production was reduced in six combinations of biomass with CS, four with LE, and three with PE. Six types of biomass were selected for treatment with CS and four were selected for treatment with CS and LE, to determine the net improvement of nutritional value (increased IVGP corrected for dry matter loss) after 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8 weeks of treatment. The highest net improvement was found for CS and LE treated rapeseed straw (86% and 20%, respectively) and spent reed (80% and 43%, respectively). All treatments decreased dry matter, lignin and hemicellulose, the latter two both in absolute amount and content. In conclusion, net improvement of highly lignified biomasses by CS was greater than LE, with the nutritional value of rapeseed straw and spent reed being significantly improved by both fungi.
Exploring the Mediating Role of Social Exchange Orientation in the Relationship Between Mentoring Experiences and Mentoring Intentions: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Kakyo Tracy Alexis , Xiao Lily Dongxia , Chamberlain Diane 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe study utilized a cross‐sectional design to determine the relationship between positive and negative mentoring experiences and intentions to engage in future formal mentoring and the mediating role of aspects of social exchange theory particularly Negotiated Exchange Orientation and Perceived Organization Support. The study was conducted among 303 nurses and midwives working in acute care hospitals in Uganda. The results showed that, in the negative mentoring model, Perceived Organization Support fully mediated the relationship between lack of mentor expertise and willingness to participate in formal mentoring programs (B = −0.201, 95% CI [−0.399, −0.056]). In the positive mentoring model, indirect effects were observed for the relationship between Individual Influence variable and willingness to participate in formal mentoring programs mediated by Perceived Organization Support (B = 0.131, 95% CI [0.011, 0.283]). Furthermore, indirect effects were observed between the Relational Quality variable and willingness to participate in formal mentoring programs mediated by Negotiated Exchange Orientation (B = 0.081, 95% CI [0.008, 0.183]). Therefore, the social exchange theory can explain the relationship between past mentoring experiences and future intentions to engage in mentoring activities.