bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PIV wake survey of a drone propeller for amphibious applications
Authors: Grizzi Silvano , Falchi Massimo , Martellini Edoardo , Aloisio Giovanni , Pagliaroli Tiziano 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aerial and underwater drones are one of the most attractive technologies to a large number of applications, extending from surveillance of natural reserves to the monitoring of structures. For these reasons, innovative and uncommon applications are constantly appearing. Within this context, drones capable to operate continuously and efficiently in air and water can extend the standard aerial capabilities allowing underwater inspections of harbour structures, pipelines or marine reserves. For this reason, an attractive characteristic for drones is the capability to manoeuvre in different fluids as air and water. This article presents an experimental campaign, carried out both in a towing tank and in a cavitation tunnel, aimed at study the fluid-dynamics of an aeronautic drone-propeller in off-design conditions. Dynamometric, PIV and Stereo-PIV tests are carried out to evaluate the aeronautic propeller functioning in water and optimize it for amphibious missions. In particular, the forces are measured for different advance ratios J provided by varying both rotational regime and free stream velocity, in open water conditions (Towing tank tests) and in confined water (Cavitation tunnel tests). PIV and Stereo-PIV fields, acquired in the Cavitation tunnel, allow us to investigate the behaviour of the propeller in the water in a number of selected, operative conditions.
Diversity and potential role of mammals in oil palm agroecosystem (case study in PT Permata Sawit Mandiri, West Kalimantan)
Authors: Laksmitha N 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The palm oil industry as the mainstay sector is still accused of being unsustainable due to the high use of chemicals as fertilizer and pest control. These inefficiencies can cause environmental damage and increase production costs. Based on these problems, it is necessary to optimize the role of biodiversity to increase oil palm productivity. This study aims to identify the diversity of mammals in several types of land cover and to analyze the role of mammals in the oil palm agroecosystem. This research was carried out on 6 types of land cover at PT Permata Sawit Mandiri, West Kalimantan in January–April 2020. Diversity data was obtained using a combination of line transects and observation points, while role data was obtained through literature study. The transect method used measuring 100 × 1000 meters is one for each type of land cover. The observations were made in the morning (06.00-08.00) and afternoon (15.30-17.30) for three repetitions each time. The results showed that there were 60 individuals from 11 species belonging to 6 families. The highest number of encounters and species variation was found in HG land cover. Mammals are one of the taxa that play an important role in maintaining ecological processes. Based on the list of mammal species in the study area, five of these species have potential roles for the oil palm agorecosystem. These roles as seed dispersers include Callosciurus notatus; Callosciurus prevostii; and Macaca fascicularis, as well as pest controllers Prionailurus bengalensis and Helarctos malayanus. The HG land cover type has a complete composisition of the roles of mammals, while in the SS land cover, no mammal species play a role in the oil palm agroecosystem.
Comparison of MSD analysis from single particle tracking with MSD from images. Getting the best of both worlds
Authors: Kettmayer Constanza , Gratton Enrico , Estrada Laura C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy can provide valuable information about cell interior dynamics. Particularly, mean squared displacement (MSD) analysis is widely used to characterize proteins and sub-cellular structures’ mobility providing the laws of molecular diffusion. The MSD curve is traditionally extracted from individual trajectories recorded by single-particle tracking-based techniques. More recently, image correlation methods like iMSD have been shown capable of providing averaged dynamic information directly from images, without the need for isolation and localization of individual particles. iMSD is a powerful technique that has been successfully applied to many different biological problems, over a wide spatial and temporal scales. The aim of this work is to review and compare these two well-established methodologies and their performance in different situations, to give an insight on how to make the most out of their unique characteristics. We show the analysis of the same datasets by the two methods. Regardless of the experimental differences in the input data for MSD or iMSD analysis, our results show that the two approaches can address equivalent questions for free diffusing systems. We focused on studying a range of diffusion coefficients between D = 0.001 μm2 s−1 and D = 0.1 μm2 s−1, where we verified that the equivalence is maintained even for the case of isolated particles. This opens new opportunities for studying intracellular dynamics using equipment commonly available in any biophysical laboratory.
Analysis of misalignment characteristics for textured foil journal bearing based on multigrid method
Authors: Xu Kefan , Zhang Guanghui , Han Jiazhen , Wang Qiang , Huang Yanzhong , Gong Wenjie , Guo Yang , Liu Zhe , Sun Wenlong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Surface texturing is an excellent solution to the load capacity deficiency of foil journal bearings. However, it will also introduce significant discretization efforts. This paper explored the possibility of searching the static balance locus of textured foil journal bearing using the multigrid method to ensure design efficiency. The modified Reynolds equation characterized the ultra-thin gas film behavior inside bump-type foil bearing, and two foil models were adopted simultaneously to obtain the foil’s structural deflection. The predicted load capacity agreed well with the experimental data. The results indicate that multigrid can accelerate the solution process of the compressible pressure governing equation, and the speed can be increased up to 70% when the nonlinear discretization scheme is adopted. It is recommended that textures are located in the pressure-rising region along the shaft’s rotating direction and that the axial direction is fully textured to improve load capacity. Moreover, the above texture distribution scheme can increase the tolerable maximum misalignment angle by 11.8% and enhance the stability of rotors operated in light-load and high-speed cases.
Xiuyan jade waste as antibacterial additives for functional coatings
Authors: Wang Jimei , Wang Xiaoyan , Yang Yang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Jade waste is a normal byproduct that makes up much more than the amount of jade extracted. Therefore, recycling jade waste is worth investigating from the point of view of energy conservation. Moreover, it is an environment-friendly material, which is desirable for use in building materials. In this study, Xiuyan jade waste was repurposed as antibacterial additives for building coatings. The powder waste was activated by milling and subsequent annealing. The antibacterial properties of the treated waste were mostly related to the annealing temperatures. Based on the investigations of the phase change and the release of metal ions of a series of samples and their antibacterial activities, the antibacterial mechanism of the treated samples was explored experimentally. The most applicable sample for coatings was finally chosen by considering its pH values and its antibacterial abilities. Antibacterial testing showed that the addition of treated jade waste could enhance the bacterial inhibition rate of building coatings from 60% to 99.9%.
Pancake-like antiphase domains in perfect nitrogen-expanded austenite by TEM characterization
Authors: Che H L , Yang X , Lei M K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Elongated superstructure diffraction spots were observed in perfect nitrogen-expanded austenite without stress or plastic strain, which was prepared by plasma-based low-energy nitrogen-ion implanting Fe-Cr-Ni austenitic alloy foils at low temperature of 380 °C. The Fe4N-like ordered nitrogen-expanded austenite (γ′N) antiphase domains formed in the disordered nitrogen-expanded austenite (γ
N) matrix. Only the high Cr-content alloys presented elongated diffraction spots. The reconstruction of the diffraction spots strength distribution shows an elongated egg-shape in reciprocal space. This elongation corresponded to a pancake-like antiphase domains distribution in matrix, which was confirmed in dark field images as a lamellar structural feature. The Cr-N short-range ordering (SRO) and anisotropic elastic module rather than the constrained strain in the γ
N phase layer determine the formation of γ′N antiphase domains.
Microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism of air-hardening steel subjected to the austenitizing annealing treatment
Authors: Yang Yonggang , Luo Xiang , Lei Minggang , Fang Xing , Li Shouhua , Wu Yanxin , Mi Zhenli 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of air-hardening steel subjected to different austenitizing annealing treatments were investigated in this study and, especially, the precipitation behavior of the steel was analyzed, as well as the strengthening mechanism of the steel was elucidated on the basis of systematic microstructural characterization. Results reveal that a ferrite + martensite dual-phase structure with about 700 MPa tensile strength and 20% elongation can be obtained by austenitizing the experimental steel in the range of 750∼800 °C; while austenitizing between 850 °C and 950 °C results in granular bainite + lath bainite with about 950 MPa tensile strength and 12% elongation. The experimental steel has the highest strength after austenitizing at 900 °C with lots of nano-scale (Ti, Mo, V)C particles distributed in its matrix. Quantitative calculation results illustrate that the main strengthening factors are grain refinement strengthening, dislocation strengthening and precipitation strengthening. In addition, due to the potential interaction effect between different strengthening factors, a modified strengthening model is proposed to describe the strengthening behavior of the air-hardening steel when it is heat-treated in the two-phase region.
Low-temperature electrolytes for electrochemical energy storage devices: bulk and interfacial properties
Authors: Yang Long , Chen Ming , Wu Taizheng , Niu Liang , Zeng Liang , Feng Guang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The optimization of electrochemical energy storage devices (EES) for low-temperature conditions is crucial in light of the growing demand for convenient living in such environments. Sluggish ion transport or the freezing of electrolytes at the electrode-electrolyte interface are the primary factors that limit the performance of EES under low temperatures, leading to fading of capacity and instability in device performance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of antifreeze strategies for various electrolytes (including aqueous electrolytes, organic electrolytes, and ionic liquids), and optimization methods for ion transport at the electrolyte-electrode. Additionally, the main challenges and forward-looking views are highlighted on the design and development of low-temperature electrolytes and EES devices.
Evolution characteristics of rural carbon emissions in Northwest China from 2006 to 2019
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Liyuan , Zhang Yue , Zhong Wei , Pei Kunru , Qiao Wei , Jiao Qian , Cao Wei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
China is faced with significant challenges in simultaneously promoting rural development and reducing carbon emissions. However, the issue of quantifying and addressing carbon emissions in rural areas has not been adequately addressed. Accurately quantifying these emissions is crucial for developing effective strategies to reduce carbon output. In this study, the historical evolution and spatial distribution of rural carbon emissions in northwestern China from 2006 to 2019 were evaluated across five key sectors: residential energy consumption, agricultural machinery, solid waste management, planting practices, and breeding industry activities. During this period, total carbon emissions in rural areas of northwest China steadily increased from 60.15Mt to 83.49Mt at an annual growth rate of 2.55%. Given the complex interplay between economic and social factors driving these changes, the future trajectory of rural carbon emissions remains uncertain. To analyze the underlying drivers behind regional variations in carbon emissions over time, we constructed an LMDI model which revealed that economic growth primarily contributed to regional increases in carbon output. Furthermore, due to a remarkable annual growth rate of 35.17% in renewable energy generation (such as photovoltaic and wind power), it can be inferred that if renewable electricity were included within our calculations for carbon emission statistics, northwest China’s rural areas achieved a state of being effectively ‘carbon-neutral’ by 2019 solely from a production-based perspective.
Impact of electronic correlations on high-pressure iron: insights from time-dependent density functional theory
Authors: Ramakrishna K , Lokamani M , Baczewski A , Vorberger J , Cangi A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present a comprehensive investigation of the electrical and thermal conductivity of iron under high pressures at ambient temperature, employing the real-time formulation of time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT). Specifically, we examine the influence of a Hubbard correction (+U) to account for strong electron correlations. Our calculations based on RT-TDDFT demonstrate that the evaluated electrical conductivity for both high-pressure body-centered cubic (BCC) and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) iron phases agrees well with experimental data. Furthermore, we explore the anisotropy in the thermal conductivity of HCP iron under high pressure, and our findings are consistent with experimental observations. Interestingly, we find that the incorporation of the +U correction significantly impacts the ground state and linear response properties of iron at pressures below 50 GPa, with its influence diminishing as pressure increases. This study offers valuable insights into the influence of electronic correlations on the electronic transport properties of iron under extreme conditions.
Energy beam-based direct and assisted polishing techniques for diamond: A review
Authors: Li Zhuo , Jiang Feng , Jiang Zhengyi , Tian Zige , Qiu Tian , Zhang Tao , Wen Qiuling , Lu Xizhao , Lu Jing , Huang Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Diamond is a highly valuable material with diverse industrial applications, particularly in the fields of semiconductor, optics, and high-power electronics. However, its high hardness and chemical stability make it difficult to realize high-efficiency and ultra-low damage machining of diamond. To address these challenges, several polishing methods have been developed for both single crystal diamond (SCD) and polycrystalline diamond (PCD), including mechanical, chemical, laser, and ion beam processing methods. In this review, the characteristics and application scope of various polishing technologies for SCD and PCD are highlighted. Specifically, various energy beam-based direct and assisted polishing technologies, such as laser polishing, ion beam polishing, plasma-assisted polishing, and laser-assisted polishing, are summarized. The current research progress, material removal mechanism, and influencing factors of each polishing technology are analyzed. Although some of these methods can achieve high material removal rates or reduce surface roughness, no single method can meet all the requirements. Finally, the future development prospects and application directions of different polishing technologies are presented.
Deep neural network based downlink power domain multi-user NOMA-OFDM signal detection
Authors: Singh Abhiranjan , Saha Seemanti 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Non-orthogonal multiple access-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (NOMA-OFDM) is a promising waveform-based multiple access technology for future wireless networks for multiple-user symbol transmission (MUST) in the same time-frequency resource block. However, it differs in the power domain, enhancing its spectrum efficiency. This is essential to meet the high data rate required for ever-increasing connected devices and the Internet of Things (IoT). However, NOMA-OFDM systems suffer from impairments such as imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) caused by channel impairments like channel fading, carrier frequency offset, and non-linearity caused by non-linear power amplifiers. This paper identifies and addresses the key impairments mentioned in the NOMA-OFDM system and proposes DNN-based estimation in offline training and detection in online testing for downlink power domain multi-user NOMA-OFDM symbols. The reported 2 dB SNR gain compared to least square-SIC/minimum mean square error SIC-based methods is a significant finding and demonstrates the robustness of the proposed DNN-aided approach against various channel impairments.
Efficacy of indocyanine green fluorescence for the identification of non-palpable breast tumours: systematic review
Authors: Jansen Britt A M , Bargon Claudia A , Huibers Anne E , Postma Emily L , Young-Afat Danny A , Verkooijen Helena M , Doeksen Annemiek 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Accurate tumour localization is crucial for precise surgical targeting and complete tumour removal. Indocyanine green fluorescence, an increasingly used technique in oncological surgery, has shown promise in localizing non-palpable breast tumours. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the efficacy of indocyanine green fluorescence for the identification of non-palpable breast tumours.

Methods
A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, including studies from 2012 to 2023. Studies reporting the proportion of breast tumours identified using indocyanine green fluorescence were included. The quality of the studies and their risk of bias were appraised using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (‘MINORS’) tool. The following outcomes were collected: identification rate, clear resection margins, specimen volume, operative time, re-operation rate, adverse events, and complications.

Results
In total, 2061 articles were screened for eligibility, resulting in 11 studies, with 366 patients included: two RCTs, three non-randomized comparative studies, four single-arm studies, and two case reports. All studies achieved a 100 per cent tumour identification rate with indocyanine green fluorescence, except for one study, with an identification rate of 87 per cent (13/15). Clear resection margins were found in 88–100 per cent of all patients. Reoperation rates ranged from 0.0 to 5.4 per cent and no complications or adverse events related to indocyanine green occurred.

Conclusion
Indocyanine green fluorescence has substantial theoretical advantages compared with current routine localization methods. Although a limited number of studies were available, the current literature suggests that indocyanine green fluorescence is a useful, accurate, and safe technique for the intraoperative localization of non-palpable breast tumours, with equivalent efficacy compared with other localization techniques, potentially reducing tumour-positive margins.
Systematic review on groove pancreatitis: management of a rare disease
Authors: Ukegjini Kristjan , Steffen Thomas , Tarantino Ignazio , Jonas Jan P , Rössler Fabian , Petrowsky Henrik , Gubler Christoph , Müller Philip C , Oberkofler Christian E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Groove pancreatitis is a focal form of chronic pancreatitis affecting the area of the paraduodenal groove. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of patients with groove pancreatitis.

Methods
Medical literature databases (Embase, Medline via PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were systematically searched for data recorded between 1 January 1990 and 31 August 2022 regarding patient characteristics, diagnosis, surgical treatment and outcomes. The following inclusion criteria were applied: RCTs, observational studies (cohort and case–control studies) and case studies with &gt;3 cases including patients with groove pancreatitis undergoing medical, endoscopic or surgical treatment with available clinical and diagnostic data. Fisher’s exact test for binary data and Mann–Whitney U test or Student t-test for continuous data were adopted for statistical analysis.

Results
Of 649 studies, 44 were included, involving reports on 1404 patients with a mean age of 49 years. In 41 of the 44 studies in which patient gender was described, 86 per cent (N = 1023) of patients were male. Information on the risk factors of alcohol and nicotine was available in 37 and 23 studies, respectively. Seventy-nine per cent (N = 886) of patients had a history of excessive alcohol consumption and 83 per cent (N = 595) were smokers. Information on clinical symptoms was available in 37 of the 44 included studies and 78.5 per cent (N = 870) presented with abdominal pain. Some 27 studies comprising 920 groove pancreatitis patients were treatment oriented. Seventy-four per cent (N = 682) of patients were treated conservatively, 26.4 per cent (N = 134) underwent endoscopic treatment and 54.7 per cent (N = 503) required surgery. There was complete relief of symptoms in 35.6 per cent (N = 243) after conservative treatment, 55.2 per cent (N = 74) after endoscopic treatment and 69.6 per cent (N = 350) after surgical treatment. The median follow-up time was 42 months (range, 1–161 months).

Conclusion
Groove pancreatitis shows on imaging a typical triad: cystic lesions in the pancreatic duct or duodenal wall, calcifications, and thickenings of the duodenal wall. Surgery appears to be the most effective treatment modality.
Cut homeodomain transcription factor is a novel regulator of growth and morphogenesis of cortex glia niche around neural cells
Authors: Yadav Vaishali , Mishra Ramkrishna , Das Papri , Arya Richa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cortex glia in Drosophila central nervous system form a niche around neural cells for necessary signals to establish cross talk with their surroundings. These cells grow and expand their thin processes around neural cell bodies. Although essential for the development and function of the nervous system, how these cells make extensive and intricate connected networks remains largely unknown. In this study, we show that Cut, a homeodomain transcription factor, directly regulates the fate of the cortex glia, impacting neural stem cell (NSC) homeostasis. Focusing on the thoracic ventral nerve cord, we found that Cut is required for the normal growth and development of cortex glia and timely increase in DNA content through endocycle to later divide via acytokinetic mitosis. Knockdown of Cut in cortex glia significantly reduces the growth of cellular processes, the network around NSCs, and their progeny's cell bodies. Conversely, overexpression of Cut induces overall growth of the main processes at the expense of side ones. Whereas the Cut knockdown slows down the timely increase of DNA, the Cut overexpression results in a significant increase in nuclear size and volume and a 3-fold increase in DNA content of cortex glia. Further, we note that constitutively high Cut also interfered with nuclei separation during acytokinetic mitosis. Since the cortex glia form syncytial networks around neural cells, the finding identifies Cut as a novel regulator of glial growth and variant cell cycles to support a functional nervous system.