bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Morphological Design Features of the Hospital Physical Facilities in Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: AKINLUYI Muyiwa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study analyzed the morphological design features of the hospital physical facilities in Southwest, Nigeria. The research work is a reflection of a positive trend that can affect the quality of healthcare facilities design in the years to come. A lot of research work has evaluated different aspects of hospital design features while only few of the previous studies included design characteristics in terms of morphological configuration of the physical facilities in their conceptual framework. As a result, hospital facilities are poor at meeting the needs and expectations of users due to the limited studies on users’ assessment of the morphological design characteristics which have not been clearly understood and adequately carried out within the research circle. This is suggested in this study to provide better solutions to the problem. This study adopted a primary method of data collection which involved the use of 557 structured questionnaires randomly administered to three categories of users and semi-structured interviews (SSI) purposely administered to users to support the information obtained through the questionnaires. Through purposive sampling, buildings were restricted to four (4) buildings that accommodate 4 main departments which gave birth to other departments such as paediatrics, surgery, medicine, obstetrics and gynaecology at the Federal Universities Teaching Hospitals (FUTH) in southwest, Nigeria built between 1950s and 1970s and managed by the Federal Government of Nigeria. Data obtained was analysed at univariate, bivariate and at multivariate levels. The morphological design characteristics such as the volume in terms of size and proportion, aesthetics, size of the components in most interior spaces are very adequate while other interior spaces need urgent attention. The study helps the hospital policy makers in making appropriate decisions that can improve the healthcare environment in Nigeria.
De novo Tracheal Cartilage Regeneration in a Porcine Model According to a Proposed 5-Stage Chondrogenesis Process after Transplanting a 3D-printed Tracheal Graft
Authors: Shai Sen-Ei , Lai Yi-Ling , Hung Yi-Wen , Hsieh Chi-Wei , Su Kuo-Chih , Wang Chun-Hsiang , Wu Chia-Ching , Hung Shih-Chieh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Vivid neo-cartilage growth was detected with initially outnumbered chondrocytes in the porcine model following transplantation of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed tracheal graft. Virtual silicone tracheal grafts, each of 2 cm long, were first generated with a 3D printer, and underwent a physical stress test to resemble a trachea from the 3-month-old porcine. The grafts underwent end-to-end anastomosis for the proximal and distal parts of the trachea after cuff resection. Tissue samples were grossly examined, and their histological properties examined by protein expressions through the use of H&E, alcian blue, safranin O/fast green stain and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay for Sox9, type II collagen, aggrecan and PCNA, respectively. These primitive cartilages showed chondrogenesis with outnumbered chondrocytes, and they evolved to a mature stationary status with cartilage corrosion through interim PP, PRL and VC chondro-modulators elaborated from perichondrium. Matrix degradation products with alcian blue staining were removed to VCs, and the adjacent mucosal and submucosal glands. Chondrogenesis underwent an incipient burst of growth in conjunction with the perichondrium involving a process of graduate consolidation, as evidenced by matrix degradation product emissions on the mucosa and submucosa. We proposed 5 stages to characterize the regenerative chondrogenesis of the tracheal cartilage.
Bacterial profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of infected diabetic foot ulcers in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wadilo Fiseha , Fikadu Michael , Desta Edilawit , Kolato Sitotaw , Woldegiorgis Lideta , Kera Gemechu Kebede , El-Khatib Ziad , Ashuro Akililu Alemu , Biru Mulatu , Boltena Minyahil Tadesse 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The number of diabetic foot ulcer patients is substantially increasing, with the rapidly rising burden of diabetic mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa. The data on the regional prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer infecting bacteria and their antimicrobial resistance patterns is crucial for its proper management. This systematic review and meta-analysis determined the pooled prevalence of bacterial profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of infected diabetic foot ulcers in sub-Saharan Africa. A comprehensive search of the literature was performed on CINAHL, EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Critical appraisal was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s tool for prevalence studies. A pooled statistical meta-analysis was conducted using STATA Version 17.0. The I2 statistics and Egger’s test were used to assess the heterogeneity and publication bias. The pooled prevalence and the corresponding 95% confidence interval of bacterial profiles and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were estimated using a random effect model. Eleven studies with a total of 1, 174 study participants and 1, 701 bacteria isolates were included. The pooled prevalence of the most common bacterial isolates obtained from DFU were S. aureus (34.34%), E. coli (21.16%), and P. aeruginosa (20.98%). The highest pooled resistance pattern of S. aureus was towards Gentamicin (57.96%) and Ciprofloxacin (52.45%). E.coli and K. Pneumoniae showed more than a 50% resistance rate for the most common antibiotics tested. Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were associated with diabetic foot ulcers in sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings are important for planning treatment with the appropriate antibiotics in the region. The high antimicrobial resistance prevalence rate indicates the need for context-specific effective strategies aimed at infection prevention and evidence-based alternative therapies.
Anthropometry-based indicators of body composition in children: 3 to 24-month multicenter study
Authors: Ariff Shabina , Norris Shane , Santos Ina , Kuriyan Rebecca , Nyati Lukhanyo , Varghese Jithin , Murphy-Alford Alexia , Lucas Nishani , Costa Caroline Santos , Ahuja Kiran , Jayasinghe Sisitha , Kurpad Anura , Hills Andrew , Wickramasinghe Vithanage 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Accurate assessment of body composition during infancy is important, especially for understanding the effects of early growth on later health. This study aimed to develop an anthropometry-based approach to predict body composition in 3–24 month old infants from diverse socioeconomic settings and ethnic groups.
Methods
An observational, longitudinal, prospective, multinational study of infants from birth to 24 months. Body composition was assessed at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months using deuterium dilution (DD) and anthropometry.
Linear mixed modelling was utilized to generate sex-specific fat mass(FM) and fat-free mass(FFM) prediction equations. Length(m), weight-for-length(kg/m), triceps and subscapular skinfolds and Asian ethnicity were used as predictor variables.
The study sample consisted of 1896(942 measurements from 310 girls) training data sets, 941(441 measurements from 154 girls) validation data sets from Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa and Sri Lanka, and 349(185 measurements from 124 girls) data sets of infants at 6 months from South Africa, Australia and India of external validation group.
Results
Sex-specific equations for three age categories (3-9 months; 10-18 months; 19-24 months) were developed and validated and an external validation was performed on the test group.
The root mean squared error(RMSE) was similar between validation and test data for assessment of FM and FFM. Root mean squared percentage error(RMSPE) and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE) in validation data were higher for predicting FM but lower for FFM compared to test data.
Conclusions
Anthropometry-based FFM prediction equations provide acceptable results which have the potential to be developed as a field tool.
Right ventricular dilatation score: a new assessment to right ventricular dilatation in adult patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Zhou Ziqin , Huang Ying , Han Linjiang , Zhang Yong , Zhao Junfei , Wen Shusheng , Chen Jimei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) experience long-term chronic pulmonary valve regurgitation resulting in right ventricular (RV) dilatation. According to current guidelines, the evaluation of patients with rTOF for RV dilatation should be based on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). However, for many asymptomatic patients, routine CMR is not practical. Our study aims to identify screening methods for CMR based on echocardiographic data, with the goal of establishing a more practical and cheap method of screening for severity of RV dilatation in patients with asymptomatic rTOF.
Methods: 32 rTOF patients (mean age, 21(10.5) y, 21 males) with moderate to severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR) were prospectively recruited. Each patient received CMR and echocardiogram examination within 1 month prior to operation and collected clinical data, and then received echocardiogram examination at discharge and 3-6 months post-surgery.
Results: RV moderate-severe dilatation was defined as right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVI)≥160 ml/m2or right ventricular end-systolic volume index (RVESVI)≥80 ml/m2in 15 of 32 patients (RVEDVI, 202.15[171.51, 252.56] ml/m2, RVESVI, 111.99 [96.28, 171.74] ml/m2). The other 17 (RVESDI, 130.19 [117.91, 139.35] ml/m2, RVESVI= 67.91 [63.35, 73.11] ml/m2) were defined as right ventricle mild dilatation, i.e., RVEDVI<160ml/m2 and RVESVI<80 ml/m2, and the two parameters were higher than normal values. Compared with the RV mild dilatation group, patients of RV moderate-severe dilatation have worse cardiac function before surgery (right ventricular ejection fraction, 38.92(9.19) % versus 48.31(5.53) %, p<0.001; Left ventricular ejection fraction, 59.80(10.26) versus 66.41(4.15), p=0.021).Patients with RV moderate-severe dilatation faced longer operation time and more blood transfusion during operation (operation time, 271.53(08.33) min versus 170.53(72.36) min, p<0.01; Intraoperative blood transfusion, 200(175) ml versus 100(50) ml, p=0.001). Postoperative RV moderate-severe dilatation patients have poor short-term prognosis, which was reflected in a longer postoperative hospital stay (6.59 [2.12] days versus 9.80 [5.10] days, p=0.024) and a higher incidence of hypohepatia (0[0] % versus 4[26.7] %, p=0.023). Patients with RV dilatation score >2.35 were diagnosed with RV moderate-severe dilatation (AUC=0,882; Sensitivity =94.1%; Specificity =77.3%).
Conclusions: RV moderate-severe dilatation is associated with worse preoperative cardiac function and short-term prognosis after PVR in rTOF patients with moderate to severe PR. The RV dilatation score is an effective screening method. When RV dilatation score>2.35, the patient is indicated for further CMR examination and treatment.
Time-scaled phylogenetic analysis of extant Lamiinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) species of Marmara Basin, Turkey, and their evolutionary similarity with the Eurasian congeners
Authors: SOYDABAS-AYOUB HAVVA KÜBRA , Uçkan Fevzi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The subfamily Lamiinae (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera) is striking due to its morphological diversity and species richness with intricate phylogenetic relationships. We inferred the phylogeny and evolutionary history of extant species of East of Marmara Basin, Türkiye, from the tribes Acanthocinini, Acanthoderini, Agapanthiini, Batocerini, Dorcadionini, Lamiini, Mesosini, Monochamini, Phytoeciini, Phrynetini, Pogonocherini (including Exocentrini) and Saperdini using partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase-I (COI) and 16S rRNA and nuclear 28S rRNA gene regions (2257 base pair alignment length). The most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of Lamiinae members included in the analyses was dated ~ 127 million years ago (Mya) in the Cretaceous. The MRCA of Dorcadionini, Lamiini and Monochamini was younger than the common ancestors of the other close tribes. There was a concurrence between resolutions of Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian analyses on the affiliations of Dorcadionini and Monochamini to Lamiini and the proximity of Batocerini to Lamiini, Acanthocinini to Acanthoderini, Phrynetini to Pogonocherini, and Phytoeciini to Saperdini. The COI-based Neighbor-Joining and ML gene trees suggest that the closest relatives of the extant Lamiinae species of East of Marmara Basin were the European conspecifics or congeners. Moreover, Paraleprodera and Lamia (Lamiini) were sisters to Imantocera (Gnomini), Oberea (Obereini) to Phytoecia Phytoeciini), and Hippopsis (Agapanthiini) to Omosarotes singularis Pascoe,1860 (Acanthomerosternoplini). Our results support Dorcadionini, Gnomini and Monochamini as synonyms of Lamiini; and Obereini and Phytoeciini of Saperdini and suggest that the emergence of the living tribes included in this study was during Paleogene, and their intrageneric diversifications occurred during Cenozoic, mostly Neogene.
Study Protocol: A Randomized Multicenter Study on Clinical-efficacy Evaluation of Xiaoer Dingchuan Granule in Children with Respiratory Syncytial-virus Pneumonia
Authors: Li Ruixue , Wang Xuefeng , Zhang Xiuying , Wang Hui , Liu Jiayuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia is a major cause of hospitalization in children worldwide, seriously endangering child health. In recent years, many clinical studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of pediatric viral pneumonia. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen exploration of and research into the use of TCM to treat RSV pneumonia in children. The aims of this study will be to evaluate the clinical effect of Xiaoer Dingchuan Granule (XDG) on RSV pneumonia and to provide a scientific basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Methods and Design:
This study will be a single-blinded, parallel-controlled, multicenter randomized clinical trial (RCT) conducted in 10 Class III Grade A hospitals nationwide. We will recruit the study population from children aged 1–5 years who have been diagnosed with RSV pneumonia by Western medicine and with pneumonia and cough by TCM (phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome) with a disease course within 48 h. The children’s parents or guardians will sign their informed consent. A total of 240 children will be recruited and divided into an experimental group and a control group. The control group will receive basic treatment, and the experimental group will receive XDG. Children will be treated for 7 days, and changes in their conditions will be evaluated daily and input to the medical-record observation form. We will follow-up on them at 10 and 90 days after discharge to observe their prognosis. After data collection, we will comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy of pediatric XDG as intervention into syncytial-virus pneumonia by its total effective rate, the curative-effect time window of pediatric pneumonia, the curative effect of TCM syndrome, changes in individual symptoms, changes in pulmonary signs, and the use of drug combinations.
Discussion
We speculate that treatment of RSV pneumonia in children with TCM can increase the overall clinical efficiency, alleviate disease severity, shorten hospital stays, reduce pain, and improve the children’s quality of life.
Trial Registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry No. ChiCTR2200061471
An epidemiological survey of COVID-19 serology and its association with clinical infection among older adults – Does antibody titer matter?
Authors: Shapiro Dvorah Sara , Ellis Refael , Zidan Jowad , Wiener-Well Yonit , Bar-Meir Maskit , Ben-Chetrit Eli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Older adults are at increased risk of severe COVID19 infection. In this study we assessed the response to COVID19 vaccination and infection rates among nursing homes (NH) and assisted-living care home (ALCH) residents.
Methods: The study was conducted between August 2021 and January 2022, after widespread population vaccination with the third dose of Pfizer-BioNtech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in Israel. Three groups were addressed: hospitalized older patients; NH and ALCH residents. Demographic data, COVID19 serology (anti-spike IgG antibodies) and PCR test results were obtained to assess the dynamics of antibody titers and its correlation to infection rates.
Results: Two-hundred eighty-five individuals were evaluated; 92 hospitalized patients; 100 ALCH residents and 93 NH residents. In the latter two groups two serology surveys were conducted three months apart. Hospitalized patients were younger than ALCH and NH residents (mean age 80.4±8 versus 82.6±8 and 83.6±5, respectively, p=0.01), and had more comorbidities (p=0.003).
The degree of decline in the antibody level overtime was similar in ALCH and NH residents. Infection rates were higher among NH residents than ALCH residents [35/90 (39%) versus 11/100 (11%), p<0.001]. Antibody level was lower among those infected [2113 (1271-3512) Au/ml versus 4113 (3364-5029) Au/ml, p<0.001]. Adjusted analysis showed that NH residence, but not antibody levels, were significantly associated with infection.
Conclusion: Among older adults, infection rates inversely correlated with antibody level. However, only nursing home residence was significantly associated with infection, suggesting that other factors such as crowding considerably contribute to the risk of infection.
Effect of Phyllantus amarus leaf extract on the Kidneys of alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats
Authors: Adetoro Qudus Adebayo , Oluwo Oluwaseun , Obadina Tosin Oluwatoyin , Ojeniyi Afusat Omobola 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
Some plants are toxic, but not all plants or compounds are equally toxic to all parts of a living system. This is because many chemicals' harmful effects only appear in specific organs, which are their intended targets for toxicity. The study aims to evaluate how an ethanolic leaf extract of Phyllantus amarus affects the kidneys of alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats.
Methods:
A total of 25 albino rats of either sex weighing 86–150 g were assembled and divided into five groups (control, 1, 2, 3, and 4) of five rats each. The control group received no treatment and no induction with diabetes; group 1 received P. amarus treatment without induction; group 2 received P. amarus treatment and was induced with diabetes on the eighth day of treatment; and groups 3 and 4 were induced with diabetes and received P. amarus treatment. For 21 days, rats in groups 1, 2, and 3 received 300 mg/kg body weight of P. amarus leaf extract orally, while group 4 received 500 mg/kg body weight of the extract, and the control group received only water. For biochemical parameters, blood samples were collected in plain containers. Standard methods were used to measure urea, creatinine, albumin, and protein levels.
Results:
When compared to the control, there was a significant increase in the mean urea level in the groups that received 300 mg/kg body weight of P. amarus (4.170 ± 23 vs 5.770 ± 55, 6.000 ± 12, and 5.900 ± 60; P > 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in creatinine, albumin, or protein levels in alloxan-induced rats compared to the control group for any of the groups. Again, there was no significant increase in the mean weight of the rats after the administration of P. amarus.
Conclusions:
Therefore, caution should be exercised when consuming P. amarus because prolonged use may result in changes in urea concentration.
Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy combined with non-Doppler hemorrhoidal artery ligation for the treatment of grade III/IV hemorrhoids: A single centre retrospective study
Authors: Long Qing , Wen Yong , Li Jun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy (MMH) is the most widely used surgical procedure because of its precise curative effect, but it has the disadvantages such as obvious postoperative pain and bleeding. To retrospectively compare the efficacy and safety of Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy combined with non-Doppler hemorrhoidal artery ligation (MMH + ND-HAL) for the treatment of grade III/IV hemorrhoids.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 115 patients with grade III/IV hemorrhoids, 53 patients had received MMH + ND-HAL, and the remaining 62 patients received MMH. We collected and compared demographic and clinical characteristics of both groups, including intraoperative blood loss, postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, analgesic consumption, postoperative bleeding, perianal incision edema, urinary retention, anal stenosis, anal incontinence incidence, recurrence rate (prolapse or bleeding), and patient satisfaction.
Results
The VAS pain score of the first postoperative defecation and at the postoperative 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, and 7 days, as well as the total analgesic consumption within 7 days, for the MMH + ND-HAL group were lower than those for the MMH group (P < 0.05). The intraoperative blood loss, the incidence of postoperative bleeding, perianal incision edema, and urinary retention in the MMH + ND-HAL group was lower than that in the MMH group (P < 0.05). No anal stenosis or anal incontinence occurred in either group. At follow-up by telephone or outpatient 12 months after surgery, the recurrence rate (prolapse or bleeding) was lower in the MMH + ND-HAL group than in the MMH group (P < 0.05), and satisfaction was higher than in the MMH group than in the MMH + ND-HAL group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
MMH + ND-HAL was a satisfactory surgical modality for treating III/IV hemorrhoids.
Bidirectional Associations between Parental Responsiveness and Children’s Internalizing and Moderation by Negative Emotionality
Authors: Thompson Amanda , Tully Erin , Henrich Christopher 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective:
Positive parenting behaviors and children’s internalizing problems are bidirectionally associated during late childhood and early adolescence. These bidirectional associations likely emerge earlier and may be stronger when the child is prone to reactive negative emotions, making parents’ support especially critical in children’s regulation of negative emotions. The purpose of this study was to test (a) bidirectional associations between parents’ positive responses to children’s behaviors and children’s internalizing problems from very early to middle childhood, and (b) the moderating role of children’s negative emotionality in these bidirectional associations (N = 4,898).
Results:
Child-driven associations between internalizing problems and later responsive parenting were negatively associated from 3 to 5 years old and not associated from 5 to 9 years old. Parent-driven associations of responsivity at 3 and 5 years old were negatively associated with later internalizing problems at ages 5 and 9 years old respectively. Negative emotionality only moderated the parent-driven association between responsivity at 3 years old and internalizing problems at 5 years old, with higher responsivity being negatively associated with internalizing problems for children having more negative emotionality.
Conclusions:
Parents’ responsivity to child behavior in early and middle childhood tends to be associated with fewer internalizing problems. Parents’ positive response to very young children’s behaviors may be especially beneficial for children with higher negative emotionality. These results also support those very young children experiencing internalizing problems may be more likely to receive less responsive parenting later, regardless of children’s negative emotionality.