bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power management scheme development for large-scale solar grid integration
Authors: Fernandez Malcolm Isaac , Go Yun Ii 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs solar power is an intermittent source of energy, it causes uncertainties when connected to the electrical grid. This work presents an optimised power management system for the integration of large-scale solar with improved voltage profile and power quality in compliance with the Malaysian Grid Code Requirements of 0.95–1.05 p.u. at the Point of Common Coupling. An integration of volt-var regulation using a smart inverter for solar photovoltaic system and optimised capacitor placements to attain a voltage profile close this Grid Code Requirements on all buses in the IEEE-9 bus will be carried out. The 116 MWp (peak) solar farm will be modelled to obtain the load profile of electricity injected into the grid on an annual hourly basis. This will be used to model the solar bus in the power system to test the changes in voltage profile, voltage deviations and reactive power flow. In the final results, the voltage profile improved to a range of 0.94–1.01 p.u. in the IEEE-9 bus even for the worse case scenarios of solar power penetration which happens from 12 to 1 pm.
Unsettling Ethnic Detail in Asian American Metafiction
Authors: Lee Wendy Allison 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis essay examines the work of detail in contemporary Asian American metafiction by reconsidering Georg Lukács’s understanding of description as a mode of fiction that transforms humans into observers and objects via an excess of detail. Lukács’s work has informed views of how “exotic” details in Asian American fiction turn Asian American characters and people into objects of entertainment and edification for predominantly white readerships. Yet works of Asian American metafiction such as Maxine Hong Kingston’s Woman Warrior, Ruth Ozeki’s My Year of Meats, and Nam Le’s “Love and Honor and Pity and Pride and Compassion and Sacrifice” deploy description to unsettle detail’s objectifying effects. Their authors invent techniques of deploying racist and exotic details to reveal how the logic of liberal multiculturalism and diversity rather than the aesthetics of description transforms Asian American persons into things.
Exposure to Family Member Deaths Across the Life Course for Hispanic Individuals
Authors: Donnelly Rachel , Garcia Michael A. , Cha Hyungmin , Hummer Robert A. , Umberson Debra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present study documents differences in exposure to family member deaths among foreign-born and U.S.-born Hispanic individuals compared with non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White individuals. We use data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; 1992–2016, ages 51+; N = 23,228) and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; Waves I–V, ages 12–43; N = 11,088) to estimate the risk of exposure to the death of a mother, father, spouse, sibling, and child across the life course. HRS results show more inequities in exposure to family deaths compared with Add Health results, suggesting differences by age or birth cohort. Compared with non-Hispanic Whites, U.S.-born Hispanic individuals in the HRS have a higher risk of experiencing a child's death throughout adulthood and a sibling's death in later life; the latter is explained by larger sibship size, indicating a greater lifetime risk of bereavement experiences. The higher risk of parental death during childhood for U.S.-born and foreign-born Hispanic individuals is explained by covariates (e.g., lower levels of educational attainment). Hispanic individuals generally have a lower risk of family deaths than non-Hispanic Black individuals, but at times a higher risk of exposure relative to non-Hispanic White individuals.
Outcome of Chronic Subdural Hematoma Intervention in Patients on Long-Term Antiplatelet Therapy—A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Salih Mira , Young Michael , Garcia Alfonso , Stippler Martina , Papavassiliou Efstathios , Alterman Ron L. , Thomas Ajith J. , Taussky Philipp , Moore Justin , Ogilvy Christopher S. 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND:
Patients presenting with chronic subdural hematomas (cSDHs) and on antiplatelet medications for various medical conditions often complicate surgical decision making.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate risks of preprocedural and postprocedural antiplatelet use in patients with cSDHs.

METHODS:
Patients with cSDH who were treated between January 2006 and February 2022 at a single institution with surgical intervention were identified. A propensity score matching analysis was then performed analyzing length of hospitalization, periprocedural complications, reintervention rate, rebleeding risk, and reintervention rates.

RESULTS:
Preintervention, 178 patients were on long-term antiplatelet medication and 298 were not on any form of antiplatelet. Sixty matched pairs were included in the propensity score analysis. Postintervention, 88 patients were resumed on antiplatelet medication, whereas 388 patients did not have resumption of antiplatelets. Fifty-five pairs of matched patients were included in the postintervention propensity score analysis. No significant differences were found in length of hospitalization (7.8 ± 4.2 vs 6.8 ± 5.4, P = .25), procedural complications (3.3% vs 6.7%, P = .68), or reintervention during the same admission (3.3% vs 5%, P = 1). No significant differences were seen in recurrence rate (9.1% vs 10.9%, P = 1) or reintervention rate after discharge (7.3% vs 9.1%, P = 1) in the postintervention group.

CONCLUSION:
Preintervention antiplatelet medications before cSDH treatment do not affect length of hospitalization, periprocedural complications, or reintervention. Resumption of antiplatelet medication after cSDH procedures does not increase the rebleeding risk or reintervention rate.
Metabolic shift towards oxidative phosphorylation reduces cell-density-induced cancer-stem-cell-like characteristics in prostate cancer in vitro
Authors: Lai Hung Wei , Kasai Moe , Yamamoto Shinkuro , Fukuhara Hideo , Karashima Takashi , Kurabayashi Atsuhi , Furihata Mutsuo , Hanazaki Kazuhiro , Inoue Keiji , Ogura Shun-ichiro 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Numerous cancer patients undergoing conventional cancer therapies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical tumour removal face relapses several years or even decades later. This may be due to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that survived said therapies. In this study, we aimed to uncover the relationship between cell density and CSCs, and the role of the Warburg effect in regulating CSC-like characteristics. A prostate cancer cell line, PC3, was used in this study. To investigate the Warburg effect effect and CSC-like characteristics in prostate cancer, we measured the expression levels of glycolysis and OXPHOS-related genes, and performed spheroid forming, cell viability and various glycolysis and OXPHOS-assays. We observed that increased cell density caused a metabolic shift from glycolysis to OXPHOS and higher CSC-like characteristics. However, the use of dichloroacetate (DCA), an inhibitor of the Warburg effect, significantly inhibited the cell-density-induced metabolic shift and CSC-like characteristics. Changes in cell density strongly influenced the preferred metabolic pathway of prostate cancer cells, regulating their CSC-like characteristics. It is possible that DCA, an inhibitor of the Warburg effect, could be a novel drug used to treat CSCs by distinguishing Warburg effect, preventing future cancer relapses.
Impaired fin regeneration and angiogenesis in aged zebrafish and turquoise killifish
Authors: Örling Johanna , Kosonen Katri , Villman Jenna , Reichard Martin , Paatero Ilkka 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTImpaired wound healing is associated with aging and has significant effects on human health on an individual level, but also on the whole health-care sector. Deficient angiogenesis appears to be involved in the process, but the underlying biology is still poorly understood. This is at least partially being explained by complexity and costs in using mammalian aging models. To understand aging-related vascular biology of impaired wound healing, we used zebrafish and turquoise killifish fin regeneration models. The regeneration of caudal fin after resection was significantly reduced in old individuals in both species. Age-related changes in angiogenesis, vascular density and expression levels of angiogenesis biomarker VEGF-A were observed. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic drug vascular endothelial growth factor receptor blocking inhibitor SU5416 reduced regeneration, indicating a key role for angiogenesis in the regeneration of aging caudal fin despite aging-related changes in vasculature. Taken together, our data indicate that these fish fin regeneration models are suitable for studying aging-related decline in wound healing and associated alterations in aging vasculature.
Gluteal Muscle Forces during Hip-Focused Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation Exercises
Authors: COLLINGS TYLER J. , BOURNE MATTHEW N. , BARRETT ROD S. , MEINDERS EVY , GONçALVES BASíLIO A. M. , SHIELD ANTHONY J. , DIAMOND LAURA E. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to compare and rank gluteal muscle forces in eight hip-focused exercises performed with and without external resistance and describe the underlying fiber lengths, velocities, and muscle activations.

Methods
Motion capture, ground reaction forces, and electromyography (EMG) were used as input to an EMG-informed neuromusculoskeletal model to estimate gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus muscle forces. Participants were 14 female footballers (18–32 yr old) with at least 3 months of lower limb strength training experience. Each participant performed eight hip-focused exercises (single-leg squat, split squat, single-leg Romanian deadlift [RDL], single-leg hip thrust, banded side step, hip hike, side plank, and side-lying leg raise) with and without 12 repetition maximum (RM) resistance. For each muscle, exercises were ranked by peak muscle force, and k-means clustering separated exercises into four tiers.

Results
The tier 1 exercises for gluteus maximus were loaded split squat (95% confidence interval [CI] = 495–688 N), loaded single-leg RDL (95% CI = 500–655 N), and loaded single-leg hip thrust (95% CI = 505–640 N). The tier 1 exercises for gluteus medius were body weight side plank (95% CI = 338–483 N), loaded single-leg squat (95% CI = 278–422 N), and loaded single-leg RDL (95% CI = 283–405 N). The tier 1 exercises for gluteus minimus were loaded single-leg RDL (95% CI = 267–389 N) and body weight side plank (95% CI = 272–382 N). Peak gluteal muscle forces increased by 28–150 N when exercises were performed with 12RM external resistance compared with body weight only. Peak muscle force coincided with maximum fiber length for most exercises.

Conclusions
Gluteal muscle forces were exercise specific, and peak muscle forces increased by varying amounts when adding a 12RM external resistance. These findings may inform exercise selection by facilitating the targeting of individual gluteal muscles and optimization of mechanical loads to match performance, injury prevention, or rehabilitation training goals.
Readiness and determinants of Vietnam's general public to receive the COVID-19 Vaccine: a national online cross-sectional study
Authors: Thi Xuan Hoang Huong , Abu-Odah Hammoda , Hoang Vu Anh , Van Nguyen Liep 
Published: March 2023

Background: Despite vaccinations' efficacy in combating disease, people's readiness to get the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine are substantially varied. This study aimed to assess Vietnamese people's readiness, attitudes, and determinants for COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional online survey was conducted using a convenience sampling approach. The Vietnamese population's readiness to receive COVID-19 vaccinations was assessed using the 7C of vaccination readiness scale (7Cs). The scale was posted on Facebook and Zalo platforms. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and inferential analysis was applied to identify determinants predicting respondents' vaccine readiness. Results: Of the 1086 respondents invited to the study, 1026 completed the questionnaire. The Vietnamese population demonstrated a moderate level of readiness for COVID-19 vaccination uptake, with an average 7Cs score of 103.25±15.13. A high level was underscored in the complacency, constraints, collective responsibility, and compliance components, and a low level was reported in the calculation component. The Vietnamese population emphasized that the awareness of the significant adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccination was the primary factor influencing their readiness to get the vaccine (p < 0.001). Worrying about the vaccine manufacturer and its origin was the second most crucial factor influencing their readiness to get the vaccine (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Building confidence between people and the Vietnamese authorities is a high priority to enhance people's readiness to get the COVID-19 vaccine. The authorities should focus on dispelling disinformation posted on social media and promoting the usefulness of COVID-19 vaccines.
How Do Restrictions on High-Skilled Immigration Affect Offshoring? Evidence from the H-1B Program
Authors: Glennon Britta 
Published: March 2023

Highly skilled workers are not only a crucial and relatively scarce input into firms’ productive and innovative processes, but are also a critical resource determining competitive advantage. An increasingly high proportion of these workers in the United States were born abroad and permitted to work on skilled worker visas. How do multinational firms respond when artificial constraints, namely, policies restricting skilled immigration, are placed on their ability to hire scarce human capital? This paper combines visa microdata and comprehensive data on U.S. multinational firm activity to demonstrate that firms respond to restrictions on H-1B immigration by increasing foreign affiliate employment at the intensive and extensive margins, particularly in China, India, and Canada. The most impacted jobs were R&D-intensive ones, but there is some evidence that non-R&D employment was also affected. The paper highlights a means by which firms can circumvent constraining policies and mitigate country-level risk, and it also suggests that, for the average multinational company (MNC), this means is imperfect; for every visa rejection, they hire 0.4 employees abroad. The most globalized MNCs are the most likely to respond to these restrictions by offshoring, highlighting that firm capabilities—in the form of prior internationalization—shape the decision and ability to offshore in response to skilled immigration restrictions; indeed, these firms hire 0.9 employees abroad for every visa rejection. More broadly, the paper provides evidence of a push factor for internationalizing knowledge activity: artificial constraints on resources result in firms circumventing restrictive policies in ways that may not be anticipated by policy makers. This paper was accepted by Alfonso Gambardella, business strategy. Funding: This work was supported by the Mack Institute for Innovation Management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4715 .
“I Quit”: Schedule Volatility as a Driver of Voluntary Employee Turnover
Authors: Bergman Alon , David Guy , Song Hummy 
Published: March 2023

Problem definition: Employers across many sectors of the economy have been fast to adopt variable work scheduling policies. The cost of this flexibility for employers is usually borne by employees, for whom unstable work schedules create several disruptions. In the context of home healthcare, we examine how employer-driven volatility in nurses’ schedules impacts their decision to voluntarily leave their job. Methodology/results: Using an instrumental variables approach, we causally identify the effect of schedule volatility on nurses’ voluntary turnover. We begin by constructing an operational measure of schedule volatility using time-stamped work log data from one of the largest home health agencies in the United States. Because this measure may be endogenous to the worker’s decision to quit, we instrument for schedule volatility using paid days off taken by other nurses in the same branch. We find that higher levels of schedule volatility substantially increase a worker’s likelihood of quitting. Specifically, a one-standard-deviation increase in schedule volatility increases the average worker’s propensity to quit on a given day by more than threefold. Translated into yearly terms, 30 days of high schedule volatility over the course of the year increases the average worker’s probability of quitting that year by 20%. Our policy simulations of counterfactual scheduling policies suggest that excess schedule volatility can explain a significant portion of voluntary turnover, and some interventions have the potential to substantially reduce workers’ daily propensity to quit. Managerial implications: This work contributes to the understanding of the extent to which employees value control over their own work schedules and are averse to volatile work schedules that are dictated by employers. Especially in the current environment where there is a growing emphasis on work-life balance and employee-driven flexibility, finding a way to support stable schedules could be important for employers to attract and retain workers. Funding: This work was supported by the National Research Service Award Postdoctoral Fellowship, the Wharton Dean's Research Fund, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [T32 Grant 5T32HS26116], and the Claude Marion Endowed Faculty Scholar Award. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1205 .
Modeling Neonatal Piglet Rectal Temperature with Thermography and Machine Learning
Authors: Xiong Yijie , Li Guoming , Willard Naomi C. , Ellis Michael , Gates Richard S. 
Published: March 2023

Highlights

The rectal temperature and maximum ear base temperature were measured for neonatal piglets after birth.

Piglets’ rectal temperature dropped on average 5.1 °C and reached 33.6 °C 30-min after birth.

Machine learning algorithms were evaluated to predict piglet rectal temperature using ear temperatures.

Machine learning model performance was compared to that of a direct regression using maximum ear base temperature.

The best machine learning model was 0.2°C more accurate than the direct linear regression model.

Abstract. Piglet body temperature can drop rapidly after birth, and the magnitude of this drop can delay recovery to homoeothermic status and compromise the vigor of piglets. Understanding piglet body temperature changes provides critical insights into piglet thermal comfort management and preweaning mortality prevention. However, measuring neonatal piglet body temperature at birth is not generally practical in production facilities, and alternative sensing and modeling methods should be explored. The objectives of this research were to (1) quantify the rectal temperature of wet neonatal piglets without any drying treatments across the first day of birth; (2) develop and evaluate thermography and machine learning models to predict piglet rectal temperature within the same period; and (3) compare the machine learning model’s performance with a simple regression model using the piglets’ thermographic information. Rectal temperatures and thermal images of the back of the ears were obtained at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 1440 minutes after birth for 99 neonatal piglets from 9 litters. Maximum ear base temperature extracted from thermal images, piglet gender, initial weight, and environmental variables (room temperature, relative humidity, and wet-bulb temperature) were used as inputs for machine learning model evaluation. A simple regression and fourteen machine learning models were compared for their performance in predicting piglets’ rectal temperature. Piglets dropped an average of 5.1°C in rectal temperature and reached the lowest temperature (33.6 ± 2.2°C) 30 (±15) minutes after birth, demonstrating a significant reduction from their birth rectal temperature (38.7 ± 0.8°C). The maximum ear base temperature had the highest feature importance score (= 0.606) among all input variables for the machine learning model’s development. A direct regression of maximum ear base temperature against measured rectal temperature produced a standard error of prediction of 1.7°C, while the best-performing machine-learning model (the Lasso regressor) produced a standard error of prediction of 1.5°C. Either prediction model is appropriate, with the direct regression model being more straightforward for field application. Keywords: Computer vision, Farrowing, Precision livestock farming, Pre-wean mortality.
Prevalence and factors associated with tuberculosis among the mining communities in Mererani, Tanzania
Authors: Mbuya Alexander W. , Mboya Innocent B. , Semvua Hadija H. , Mamuya Simon H. , Msuya Sia E. 
Published: March 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is among diseases of global health importance with Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) accounting for 25% of the global TB burden. TB prevalence among miners in SSA is estimated at 3,000–7,000/100,000, which is about 3 to 10-times higher than in the general population. The study’s objective was to determine the prevalence of TB and associated risk factors among mining communities in Mererani, northern Tanzania. This was a cross-sectional study conducted from April 2019 to November 2021 involving current Small Scale Miners (SSM) and the General Community (GC). A total of 660 participants, 330 SSM and 330 GC were evaluated for the presence of TB. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) database (IBM SPSS Statistics Version 27.0.0.0). Binary logistic regression (Generalized Linear Mixed Model) was used to determine the association between TB and independent predictors. Prevalence of TB was 7%, about 24-times higher than the national prevalence of 0.295%. Participants from the general community had higher prevalence of TB 7.9% than SSM (6.1%). Both for SSM and the GC, TB was found to be associated with: lower education level (aOR = 3.62, 95%CI = 1.16–11.28), previous lung disease (aOR = 4.30, 95%CI = 1.48–12.53) and having symptoms of TB (aOR = 3.24, 95%CI = 1.38–7.64). Specifically for the SSM, TB was found to be associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection (aOR = 8.28, 95%CI = 1.21–56.66).
Though significant progress has been attained in the control of the TB epidemic in Tanzania, still hot spots with significantly high burden of TB exists, including miners. More importantly, populations surrounding the mining areas, are equally affected, and needs more engagement in the control of TB so as to realize the Global End TB targets of 2035.