bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific targeting and clustering of Phosphatidylserine lipids by RSV M protein is critical for virus particle production
Authors: Swain Jitendriya , Bierre Maxime , Veyrié Laura , Richard Charles-Adrien , Eleouet Jean-Francois , Muriaux Delphine , Bajorek Monika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHuman Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infantile bronchiolitis in the developed world and of childhood deaths in resource-poor settings. The elderly and the immunosuppressed are also affected. It is a major unmet target for vaccines and anti-viral drugs. RSV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma membrane by forming infections viral particles which are mostly filamentous. A key interaction during RSV assembly is the interaction of plasma membrane lipids with the Matrix (M) protein layer forming at assembly sites. Although the structure of RSV M protein dimer is known, it is unclear how the viral M proteins interact with certain plasma membrane lipids to promote viral assembly. Here, we demonstrate that M proteins cluster at the plasma membrane by selectively binding with phosphatidylserine (PS). Ourin vitrostudies suggest that M binds PS lipid as dimers and M mutant with a phosphomimetic substitution inhibits interaction with PS lipids. The presence of other negatively charged lipids like PI(4, 5)P2 does not affect RSV M ability to bind, while cholesterol negatively affects M interaction with lipids. Moreover, we show that the initial binding of the RSV M protein with lipids is independent of the cytoplasmic tail of fusion (F) glycoprotein (FCT). It is the firstin vitrostudy of M interaction with plasma membrane lipids. M binding to plasma membrane may represent a viable therapeutic strategy for small molecules that will block viral spread.
Triplet-encoded prebiotic RNA aminoacylation
Authors: Su Meng , Schmitt Christian , Liu Ziwei , Roberts Samuel J. , Liu Kim C. , Röder Konstantin , Jäschke Andres , Wales David J. , Sutherland John D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe encoding step of translation involves attachment of amino acids to cognate tRNAs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, themselves the product of coded peptide synthesis. So, the question arises — before these enzymes evolved, how were primordial tRNAs selectively aminoacylated? Here we demonstrate enzyme-free, sequence-dependent, chemoselective aminoacylation of RNA. We investigated two potentially prebiotic routes to aminoacyl-tRNA acceptor stem-overhang mimics and analyzed those oligonucleotides undergoing the most efficient aminoacylation. Overhang sequences do not influence the chemoselectivity of aminoacylation by either route. For aminoacyl-transfer from a mixed anhydride donor strand, the chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity of aminoacylation depends on the terminal three base pairs of the stem. The results support early suggestions of a second genetic code in the acceptor stem.One-Sentence SummarySelectivity of RNA stem-overhang aminoacylation is controlled by the terminal trinucleotide sequence of the stem.
Analysis of RNA processing directly from spatial transcriptomics data reveals previously unknown regulation
Authors: Olivieri Julia , Salzman Julia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTechnical advances have led to an explosion in the amount of biological data available in recent years, especially in the field of RNA sequencing. Specifically, spatial transcriptomics (ST) datasets, which allow each RNA molecule to be mapped to the 2D location it originated from within a tissue, have become readily available. Due to computational challenges, ST data has rarely been used to study RNA processing such as splicing or differential UTR usage. We apply the ReadZS and the SpliZ, methods developed to analyze RNA process in scRNA-seq data, to analyze spatial localization of RNA processing directly from ST data for the first time. Using Moran’s I metric for spatial autocorrelation, we identify genes with spatially regulated RNA processing in the mouse brain and kidney, re-discovering known spatial regulation inMyl6and identifying previously-unknown spatial regulation in genes such asRps24, Gng13, Slc8a1, Gpm6a, Gpx3, ActB, Rps8, andS100A9. The rich set of discoveries made here from commonly used reference datasets provides a small taste of what can be learned by applying this technique more broadly to the large quantity of Visium data currently being created.
Phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase marks the inhibition ofin vivoneuronal activity
Authors: Yang Dong , Wang Yu , Qi Tianbo , Zhang Xi , Shen Leyao , Ma Jingrui , Pang Zhengyuan , Lal Neeraj K. , McClatchy Daniel B. , Wang Kristina , Xie Yi , Polli Filip , Maximov Anton , Augustine Vineet , Cline Hollis T. , Yates John R. , Ye Li 
Published: March 2023

SummaryFor decades, the expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) such as c-foshas been the most widely used molecular marker representing neuronal activation. However, to date, there is no equivalent surrogate available for the decrease of neuronal activity (i.e., inhibition). Here, we developed an optogenetic-based biochemical screen in which population neural activities can be controlled by light with single action potential precision, followed by unbiased phosphoproteomic profiling. We identified that the phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (pPDH) inversely correlated with the intensity of action potential firing in primary neurons. Inin vivomouse models, monoclonal antibody-based pPDH immunostaining detected neuronal inhibition across the brain induced by a wide range of factors including general anesthesia, sensory experiences, and natural behaviors. Thus, as anin vivomarker for neuronal inhibition, pPDH can be used together with IEGs or other cell-type markers to profile and identify bi-directional neural dynamics induced by experiences or behaviors.
TheArabidopsis thalianacarboxylesterase AtCXE12 converts volatile (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate to (Z)-3-hexenol
Authors: Cofer Tristan M. , Erb Matthias , Tumlinson James H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe green leaf volatiles (Z)-3-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol, and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate are produced by nearly all plants in response to wounding and insect attack, can be transferred between plants, metabolized, and act as defense cues. If and how plant leaves convert exogenous (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate to (Z)-3-hexenol is unknown. We show that Arabidopsis leaves rapidly convert exogenous (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate to (Z)-3-hexenol. Inhibitor and fractionation experiments identified the carboxylesterases AtCXE5 and AtCXE12 as likely contributors to (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate esterase activity in Arabidopsis leaves. Heterologous expression of AtCXE5 and AtCXE12 revealed that both enzymes hydrolyze (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate to (Z)-3-hexenolin vitro, and assays using T-DNA insertion mutant plants showed that AtCXE12 significantly contributes to the conversion of (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate to (Z)-3-hexenolin planta. Lastly, we found that leaves from several other plant species possess (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate esterase activity, as well as homologs of AtCXE5 and AtCXE12 from Arabidopsis. Collectively, our study provides a better understanding of green leaf volatile biosynthesis and conversion dynamics, necessary for unraveling the potential functions of these compounds.
Information and communication technology in agriculture: awareness, readiness and adoption in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Al-Ammary Jaflah Hassan , Ghanem Mohammed Essam 
Published: March 2023

PurposeInformation and communication technologies (ICT)-presented technological developments, such as soil sensors, remote sensing, artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, have shown the potential to increase crop output and quality while consuming fewer resources and having a smaller environmental impact. The first step in ushering in a new era of technological advancement in the agricultural sector in the Kingdom of Bahrain is evaluating how prepared farmers and farm owners are to adopt these technologies. Therefore, the current study examines how ICT are prepared, accepted and adopted in agriculture in the Kingdom of Bahrain.Design/methodology/approachThe study's goals were attained by using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. A survey was created to learn more about the present state of ICT usage in agriculture, including its awareness, readiness, acceptance and adoption. To strengthen the conclusions and investigate the current situation related agricultural behavior, production and the use of information technology (IT) to support agriculture in the chosen farms, four exploratory field visits were made. Additionally, a strength-weakness-opportunities-threat (SWOT)-threat, opportunities, weakness, strength (TOWS) analysis was performed to evaluate the Kingdom of Bahrain's readiness and long-term plans for implementing ICT in agriculture. On the basis of secondary data, survey data and interview findings, SWOT-TOWS were created.FindingsThe findings revealed insufficient knowledge and awareness about ICT in agriculture. Despite the high level of digital infrastructure readiness in Bahrain, farmers are not ready to adopt sophisticated devices and complex applications such as crop sensing tools, the internet of things (IoT) and AI; however, there is a strong acceptance among farmers to implement new ideas and agriculture approaches.Originality/valueThe Arabian Gulf Countries, which are characterized by an arid environment, sporadic vegetation, weak soil and a lack of water supplies and arable land, have few studies that explore the crucial role of ICT in growing the agricultural sector. Considering the influence of ICT on the provision of more productive agriculture in a challenging and complicated environment, the study contributes to the body of knowledge by conducting an empirical investigation that addresses an urgent issue. The study is considered one of the few in the countries of the Arabian Gulf to address this subject.
Cone–hole docking mechanism for a modular reconfigurable mobile robot and its characteristic analysis
Authors: Tang Shufeng , Huang Renjie , Zhao Guoqing , Wang Guoqing 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is that the modular mobile robots reformed the multimachine joint mode to achieve obstacle-crossing, climbing and other multifunctional inspection in unstructured environment under the connection of the cone–hole docking mechanism.

Design/methodology/approach
An arc-shaped docking cone head with a posture-maintaining spring and two arc-shaped connecting rods that formed a ring round hole were designed to achieve large tolerance docking. Before active locking, the coordination between structures was used to achieve passive locking, which mitigated the docking impact of modular robots in unstructured environment. Using the locking ring composed of the two arc-shaped connecting rods, open-loop and closed-loop motion characteristics were obtained through the mutual motion of the connecting rod and the sliding block to achieve active locking, which not only ensured high precision docking, but also achieved super docking stability.

Findings
The cone–hole docking mechanism had the docking tolerance performance of position deviation of 6mm and pitch deviation of 8° to achieve docking of six degrees of freedom (6-DOF), which had a load capacity of 230 N to achieve super docking stability. Under the connection of the cone–hole docking mechanism, the modular mobile robots reformed the multimachine joint mode to achieve obstacle-crossing, climbing and other multifunctional inspection in unstructured environment.

Originality/value
Based on mechanical analysis of universal models, a cone–hole docking mechanism combining active and passive functions, six-dimensional constraints could be implemented, was proposed in this paper. The characteristics of the posture-maintaining spring in the cone docking head and the compression spring at the two ends of two arc-shaped connecting rods were used to achieve docking with large tolerance. Passive locking and active locking modules were designed, mitigating impact load and the locking did not require power to maintain, which not only ensured high precision docking, but also achieved super docking stability.
Generation Z as a critical question mark for sustainable tourism – An exploratory study in Portugal
Authors: Pinho Micaela , Gomes Sofia 
Published: March 2023

PurposeMuch has been speculated about the role that Generation Z will play in achieving more sustainable development. The tourism sector gains a special role in this discussion. On the one hand, tourism, due to its growing importance, has had a significant impact on environmental sustainability. On the other hand, Generation Z will be the largest group of travellers ever in the future. In this context, the objective of the present study is to explore the interest of young Portuguese generation Z in sustainable development goals (SDGs), tourism sustainability (TS) and their pro-environmental habits and how these categories influence the choice of sustainable tourism destination.Design/methodology/approachAn online questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 305 young Portuguese. The quantitative analysis was performed with the application of the partial least square (PLS) model.FindingsOverall, the authors found that despite our respondents showing an interest in the SDGs the same interest is not true for tourism. Although most respondents are concerned about choosing a sustainable destination, they do not care about keeping destinations sustainable, nor do they have pro-environmental habits.Originality/valueThis study presents the first evidence of the attitudes, beliefs and pro-environmental habits of Portuguese Gen Zers and their potential contribution to TS.
Standpoint theory and middle‐range theorizing in International Sociology
Authors: Krause Monika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper responds to Julian Go's Lecture “Thinking against Empire. Anti‐colonial Thought and Social Theory.” It proceeds in two parts: I first follow Go's invitation to read and reread Mabel Dove Danquah and Frantz Fanon and explore what their work contributes to our understanding of state‐forms. I then examine the terms of Go's invitation more closely. I contrast Go's juxtaposition of imperial sociology on the one hand and anti‐colonial sociology on the other hand, with the broader range of theoretical traditions and methods, which a practice‐oriented sociology of sociology and an international history of sociology would highlight. I raise the question what “standpoint” adds to the authors Go discusses and the broader range of scholars who have engaged with post‐colonial contexts in their research at this point in time. Calling for consideration of the anti‐colonial standpoint is a particular choice, which has a distinctive heritage in Hegelian‐Marxian projections of the social whole and is in tension with either deep exploration of particular thinkers or the middle‐range theorizing that Go also seems to endorse. Defined at a level of abstraction that is “above” (or underneath) actual conversations in a range of fields and subfields, it can appear as a “test” for scholars who have long engaged with post‐colonial contexts, which can have unintended consequences when coupled with the institutional power and asymmetric insularity of Anglo‐American academia.
Packaged hospital food appears safe and feasible to reuse
Authors: Lewandowski Paul A. , Barker Lisa A. , Howard Antony , Collins Jorja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo determine the safety, operational feasibility and environmental impact of collecting unopened non‐perishable packaged hospital food items for reuse.MethodsThis pilot study tested packaged foods from an Australian hospital for bacterial species, and compared this to acceptable safe limits. A waste management strategy was trialled (n = 10 days) where non‐perishable packaged foods returning to the hospital kitchen were collected off trays, and the time taken to do this and the number and weight of packaged foods collected was measured. Data were extrapolated to estimate the greenhouse gasses produced if they were disposed of in a landfill.ResultsMicrobiological testing (n = 66 samples) found bacteria (total colony forming units and five common species) on packaging appeared to be within acceptable limits. It took an average of 5.1 ± 10.1 sec/tray to remove packaged food items from trays returning to the kitchen, and an average of 1768 ± 19 packaged food items were per collected per day, equating to 6613 ± 78 kg/year of waste which would produce 19 tonnes/year of greenhouse gasses in landfill.ConclusionsA substantial volume of food items can be collected from trays without significantly disrupting current processes. Collecting and reusing or donating non‐perishable packaged food items that are served but not used within hospitals is a potential strategy to divert food waste from landfill. This pilot study provides initial data addressing infection control and feasibility concerns. While food packages in this hospital appear safe, further research with larger samples and testing additional microbial species is recommended.
Navigating nutrition as a childhood cancer survivor: Understanding patient and family needs for nutrition interventions or education
Authors: Clarke Emma , Pugh Gemma , van den Heuvel Eveline , Kavanagh Erin , Cheung Pamela , Wood Andrew , Winstanley Mark , Braakhuis Andrea , Lovell Amy L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimNutrition challenges are common during childhood cancer treatment and can persist into survivorship, increasing the risk of non‐communicable diseases. Evidence‐based practice and implementation of nutrition interventions/education for childhood cancer survivors has been poorly investigated and may influence their future health. This study aimed to explore the nutrition interventions/education needs of childhood cancer survivors and the barriers and facilitators to delivering follow‐up services in New Zealand.MethodsSemi structured interviews were conducted with childhood cancer survivors and/or their families (n=22) and health professionals (n=9) from a specialist paediatric oncology centre in New Zealand. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. A multi‐level consensus coding methodology was used where each theme and associated subthemes were discussed with the study team for confirmation to ensure accurate coding and analysis.ResultsThree themes emerged from the analysis: (1) the current survivorship care pathway does not provide adequate interventions/education, (2) weight and dietary changes are common challenges and (3) requirements for interventions/education in survivorship are varied. Common nutrition‐related concerns included fussy eating/limited dietary intake, poor diet quality, difficulties with tube weaning, and challenges with weight gain. Participants expressed a desire for education on healthy eating alongside information about cancer‐related nutrition issues, such as learned food aversions. A preference for clear referral pathways and multifaceted interventions tailored to individual patient needs was identified.ConclusionThe trifecta of treatment side effects, negative feeding practices and poor messaging from health professionals creates a challenging environment to optimise nutrition. A stepped care model matching the intervention intensity with the childhood cancer survivors is required. Education for healthcare professionals will improve the delivery of timely interventions/education and monitoring practices.
Shifting the narrative and practice of assessing professionalism in dietetics education: An Australasian qualitative study
Authors: Dart Janeane , Rees Charlotte , Ash Susan , McCall Louise , Palermo Claire 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimWe aimed to explore current approaches to assessing professionalism in dietetics education in Australia and New Zealand, and asked the questions what is working well and what needs to improve?MethodWe employed a qualitative interpretive approach and conducted interviews with academic and practitioner (workplace‐based) educators (total sample n = 78) with a key stake in dietetics education across Australia and New Zealand. Data were analysed using team‐based, framework analysis.ResultsOur findings suggest significant shifts in dietetics education in the area of professionalism assessment. Professionalism assessment is embedded in formal curricula of dietetics programs and is occurring in university and placement settings. In particular, advances have been demonstrated in those programs assessing professionalism as part of the programmatic assessment. Progress has been enabled by philosophical and curricula shifts; clearer articulation and shared understandings of professionalism standards; enhanced learner agency and reduced power distance; early identification and intervention of professionalism lapses; and increased confidence and capabilities of educators.ConclusionsThese findings suggest there have been considerable advances in professionalism assessment in recent years with shifts in practice in approaching professionalism through a more interpretivist lens, holistically and more student‐centred. Professionalism assessment in dietetics education is a shared responsibility and requires further development and transformation to more fully embed and strengthen curricula approaches across programs. Further work should investigate strategies to build safer learning cultures and capacity for professionalism conversations and in strengthening approaches to remediation.
Antifatigue effect of sea buckthorn seed oil on swimming fatigue in mice
Authors: An Zhonghua , Wang Yifan , Li Xiangbo , Jin Hong , Gong Yanling 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe effect of sea buckthorn seed oil (SSO) on exercise‐induced fatigue in mice was explored. The animals were randomly divided into a normal control group, exercise‐induced fatigue group (EFG), SSO low‐dose group, SSO medium‐dose group, and SSO high‐dose group. The mice in all the groups underwent swimming training for 10 days. Those in the treatment groups received different amounts of SSO (0.85, 1.68, and 3.35 g/kg BW [body weight]) before the exercise. All the animals were sacrificed on the last day after an exhaustive swimming test, and serum, liver, and brain specimens were collected. In the exhaustive swimming test, the swimming durations in the SSO‐treated animals were longer than those in the EFG. Furthermore, SSO reduced serum lactic acid, blood urea nitrogen, and hepatic malondialdehyde levels and increased liver glycogen level, hepatic superoxide dismutase level, hypothalamic dopamine content, and glutathione peroxidase level. The SSO treatment decreased hypothalamic 5‐hydroxytryptamine content, lipid hydroperoxide level, NLRP3 inflammasome, and interleukin‐1β protein expression in the prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, it promoted the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 in the liver. SSO exhibited an excellent antifatigue effect, which may be related to its inhibition of oxidative and inflammatory injury and regulation of hypothalamic neurotransmitters.Practical ApplicationIn the present study, the effect of sea buckthorn seed oil on fatigue in mice and its potential mechanism were explored. Taken together, the findings provide insight into the potential role of sea buckthorn seed oil in the development of antifatigue drugs.