bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charged-particle timing with 10 ps accuracy using TimeSPOT 3D trench-type silicon pixels
Authors: Borgato F. , Brundu D. , Cardini A. , Cossu G. M. , Dalla Betta G. F. , Garau M. , La Delfa L. , Lai A. , Lampis A. , Loi A. , Obertino M. M. , Simi G. , Vecchi S. 
Published: February 2023

For the next generation of vertex detectors, the accurate measurement of the charged particle timing at the pixel level is considered to be the ultimate solution in experiments operating at very high instantaneous luminosities. This work shows that the 55 μm × 55 µm wide 150 µm thick 3D trench-type pixels, developed by the TimeSPOT Collaboration, achieve a time resolution close to 10 ps with minimum ionizing particles while maintaining a detection efficiency close to 100% when operated at a tilt angle larger than 10° from normal incidence. This record performance is obtained with software-based constant-fraction algorithms applied to signal waveforms. However, time resolutions as good as 25 ps can be achieved using a simple leading-edge discriminating technique, without any amplitude correction. Similar timing performances can also be achieved when the charged particles cross two nearby pixels if both signal amplitudes are measured. 3D trench-type pixels, as of today, are the fastest charged-particles pixel detectors available and represent a very promising solution for the future upgrade of tracking systems of many HEP experiments operating in extreme conditions.
Enhancing the expression of a key mitochondrial enzyme at the inception of ischemia-reperfusion injury can boost recovery and halt the progression of acute kidney injury
Authors: Corridon Peter R. 
Published: February 2023

Hydrodynamic fluid delivery has shown promise in influencing renal function in disease models. This technique provided pre-conditioned protection in acute injury models by upregulating the mitochondrial adaptation, while hydrodynamic injections of saline alone have improved microvascular perfusion. Accordingly, hydrodynamic mitochondrial gene delivery was applied to investigate the ability to halt progressive or persistent renal function impairment following episodes of ischemia-reperfusion injuries known to induce acute kidney injury (AKI). The rate of transgene expression was approximately 33% and 30% in rats with prerenal AKI that received treatments 1 (T1hr) and 24 (T24hr) hours after the injury was established, respectively. The resulting mitochondrial adaptation via exogenous IDH2 (isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (NADP+) and mitochondrial) significantly blunted the effects of injury within 24 h of administration: decreased serum creatinine (≈60%, p &lt; 0.05 at T1hr; ≈50%, p &lt; 0.05 at T24hr) and blood urea nitrogen (≈50%, p &lt; 0.05 at T1hr; ≈35%, p &lt; 0.05 at T24hr) levels, and increased urine output (≈40%, p &lt; 0.05 at T1hr; ≈26%, p &lt; 0.05 at T24hr) and mitochondrial membrane potential, Δψm, (≈ by a factor of 13, p &lt; 0.001 at T1hr; ≈ by a factor of 11, p &lt; 0.001 at T24hr), despite elevated histology injury score (26%, p &lt; 0.05 at T1hr; 47%, p &lt; 0.05 at T24hr). Therefore, this study identifies an approach that can boost recovery and halt the progression of AKI at its inception.
Maximal pulmonary ventilation and lactate affect the anaerobic performance in young women exposed to hypobaric hypoxia
Authors: Páez Valeria , Rodriguez-Fernandez Maria , Silva-Urra Juan , Núñez-Espinosa Cristian , Lang Morin 
Published: February 2023

Background: Athletes, tourists, and mining workers from all over the world ascend daily to an altitude greater than 3.000 meters above sea level to perform different activities, all of which demand physical effort. A ventilation increase is the first mechanism once the chemoreceptors perceive hypoxia, and is key to maintaining blood oxygen levels during acute exposure to high altitudes and to buffering lactic acidosis during exercise. It has been observed that gender is a variable that can influence the ventilatory response. Still, the available literature is limited due to the few studies considering women as study subjects. The influence of gender on anaerobic performance and its effects under high altitudes (HA) environments have been poorly studied.Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate anaerobic performance in young women exposed to high altitudes and to compare the physiological response to multiple sprints between women and men measured by ergospirometry.Methodology: Nine women and nine men (22.9 ± 3.2 years old) carried out the multiple-sprint anaerobic tests under two conditions, sea level and high altitudes.Results: In the first 24 h of exposure to a high altitudes, lactate levels were higher in women than those in men (2.57 ± 0.4 Mmol/L, 2.18 ± 0.3 Mmol/L, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). Second, women had a decreased ventilatory response in exposure to high altitudes compared to men (p &gt; 0.005). Third, there is a positive correlation between lactate levels prior to an anaerobic test and the ventilatory response developed by subjects at high altitudes (R2 = 0.33, slope = -41.7, and p &lt; 0.05). Lastly, this ventilatory response can influence VO2peak (R2 = 0.60, slope = 0.02, and p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: This study provides insights into the mechanisms behind the reduced respiratory capacity observed in women during an anaerobic exercise test at high altitudes. An acute response to HA showed a greater work of breathing and increased the drive ventilatory response. It is possible to postulate the differences in the fatigue-induced metaboreflex of the respiratory muscles and aerobic–anaerobic transition between genders. These results on multiple sprint performance and the influences of gender in hypoxic environments deserve further investigation.
Important role of precipitation in controlling a more uniform spring phenology in the Qinba Mountains, China
Authors: Li Jianhao , Guan Jingyun , Han Wangqiang , Tian Ruikang , Lu Binbin , Yu Danlin , Zheng Jianghua 
Published: February 2023

Under global warming, the gradual pattern of spring phenology along elevation gradients (EG) has significantly changed. However, current knowledge on the phenomenon of a more uniform spring phenology is mainly focused on the effect of temperature and neglected precipitation. This study aimed to determine whether a more uniform spring phenology occurs along EG in the Qinba Mountains (QB) and explore the effect of precipitation on this pattern. We used Savitzky-Golay (S-G) filtering to extract the start of season (SOS) of the forest from the MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) during 2001-2018 and determined the main drivers of the SOS patterns along EG by partial correlation analyses. The SOS showed a more uniform trend along EG in the QB with a rate of 0.26 ± 0.01 days 100 m-1 per decade during 2001-2018, but there were differences around 2011. A delayed SOS at low elevations was possibly due to the reduced spring precipitation (SP) and spring temperature (ST) between 2001 and 2011. Additionally, an advanced SOS at high elevations may have been caused by the increased SP and reduced winter temperature (WT). These divergent trends contributed to a significant uniform trend of SOS with a rate of 0.85 ± 0.02 days 100 m-1 per decade. Since 2011, significantly higher SP (especially at low elevations) and rising ST advanced the SOS, and the SOS at lower altitudes was more advanced than at higher altitudes, resulting in greater SOS differences along EG (0.54 ± 0.02 days 100 m-1 per decade). The SP determined the direction of the uniform trend in SOS by controlling the SOS patterns at low elevations. A more uniform SOS may have important effects on local ecosystem stability. Our findings could provide a theoretical basis for establishing ecological restoration measures in areas experiencing similar trends.
GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells
Authors: Parra-Rojas Juan Pablo , Sepúlveda-Orellana Pablo , Sanhueza Dayan , Salinas-Grenet Hernán , Temple Henry , Dupree Paul , Saez-Aguayo Susana , Orellana Ariel 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionGoSAMTs play a role in the methylation of polysaccharides synthesized by the Golgi. Pectin homogalacturonan (HG) methyl-esterification is essential for the proper function of this polysaccharide in cell walls. In order to better understand the role of GoSAMTs in HG biosynthesis, we analyzed mucilage methyl-esterification in gosamt mutants.MethodsTo determine the function of GoSAMT1 and GoSAMT2 in HG methyl-esterification we utilized epidermal cells of seed coats, as these structures produce mucilage, which is a pectic matrix. We evaluated differences in seed surface morphology and quantified mucilage release. We measured methanol release, and used antibodies and confocal microscopy to analyze HG methyl-esterification in mucilage.ResultsWe observed morphological differences on the seed surface and delayed, uneven mucilage release in gosamt1-1gosamt2-1 double mutants. We also found changes in the distal wall length indicating abnormal cell wall breakage in this double mutant. Using methanol release and immunolabeling, we confirmed that GoSAMT1 and GoSAMT2 are involved in HG methyl-esterification in mucilage. However, we did not find evidence of decreasing HG in the gosamt mutants. Confocal microscopy analyses detected different patterns in the adherent mucilage and a greater number of low-methyl-esterified domains near the seed coat surface, which correlates with a greater number of “egg-box” structures in this region. We also detected a shift in the partitioning between the Rhamnogalacturonan-I soluble and adherent layers of the double mutant, which correlated with increased amounts of arabinose and arabinogalactan-protein in the adherent mucilage.DiscussionThe results show that the HG synthesized in gosamt mutant plants is less methyl esterified, resulting in more egg-box structures, which stiffen the cell walls in epidermal cells and change the rheological properties of the seed surface. The increased amounts of arabinose and arabinogalactan-protein in adherent mucilage, also suggests that compensation mechanisms were triggered in the gosamt mutants.
Physical activity reduces internet addiction among “post-00” college students: The mediating role of coping styles
Authors: Cheng Meichao , Wang Shun , Wang Ya , Zhang Rong , Qin Likai 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the role of coping styles (CS) in mediating the relationship between physical activity (PA) and internet addiction (IA), and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of IA among Chinese “post-00” college students.MethodsA total of 410 university students from five universities in Anhui Province were surveyed using the Chinese Internet addiction scale, the Coping Styles Scale for Chinese University Students, and the International Physical Activity Scale Short Form.Results(1) Boys are better than girls in PA. However, there was no significant difference between male and female students on CS and IA. (2) PA was positively correlated with CS (r = 0.278, p &lt; 0.01), PA was negatively correlated with IA (r = −0.236, p &lt; 0.01), CS was negatively correlated with IA (r = −0.560, p &lt; 0.01). (3) PA was negatively predicted IA (B = −0.198, p &lt; 0.01), PA was positively predicted CS (B = 0.986, p &lt; 0.01), CS was negatively predicted IA (B = −0.065, p &lt; 0.01). (4) CS plays a partially mediating role between PA and IA, with a mediating effect proportion of 48.33%.ConclusionPA can improve IA not only directly for university students, but also indirectly by increasing CS. The intervention for IA of “post-00” college students can start by increasing PA and improving CS.
Effects of online mindfulness-based interventions on the mental health of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gong Xiao-Gang , Wang Le-Peng , Rong Guang , Zhang Dao-Ning , Zhang A-Yuan , Liu Chao 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesMental health problems among university students are a cause of widespread concern. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) delivered online have considerable potential to help university students manage mental health challenges. However, there is no consensus regarding the efficacy of online MBIs. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether MBIs are feasible and effective for improving university students’ mental health.MethodsRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) in Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and the US National Library of Medicine (Clinical Trial Registry) published through August 31, 2022, were searched. Two reviewers selected the trials, conducted a critical appraisal, and extracted the data. Nine RCTs met our inclusion criteria.ResultsThis analysis showed that online MBIs were effective in improving depression (standardised mean difference [SMD] = −0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.48 to −0.07; P = 0.008), anxiety (SMD = −0.47; 95% CI, −080 to −0.14; P = 0.006), stress (SMD = −0.58; 95% CI, −0.79 to −0.37; P &lt; 0.00001), and mindfulness (SMD = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.17 to 1.25; p = 0.009) in university students. No significant effect was found on wellbeing (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI, −0.00 to 0.60; P = 0.05).ConclusionThe findings indicated that online MBIs could effectively improve the mental health of university students. Nevertheless, additional rigorously designed RCTs are required.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-9-0099/, identifier INPLASY202290099.
The relationship between oral health status, loneliness, and sleep quality among the migrant elderly following children in Weifang, Shandong Province, China: A comparative analysis on different migration types
Authors: Jiang Xiaoxu , Liu Guangwen , Xu Jing , Li Hexian , Wang Jieru , Pang Mingli , Li Shixue , Xu Lingzhong , Guo Xiaolei , Kong Fanlei 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe migrant elderly following children (MEFC) are a vulnerable group that emerged during fast urbanization in China. The MEFC faced physical and psychological discomfort upon their arrival in the inflow city, particularly those who came from rural areas.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the relationship between oral health status, loneliness, and sleep quality among the MEFC in China and to clarify the disparities in the above mentioned relationship by migration type.MethodsIn 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Weifang, Shandong Province, using multistage cluster random sampling to collect data from the MEFC aged 60 years and over. In total, 613 respondents [525 rural-to-urban (RTU) and 88 urban-to-urban (UTU)] were included in the final database. The chi-square test, t-test, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to investigate the relationship between oral health status, loneliness, and sleep quality among the RTU and UTU MEFC.ResultsTotal scores [mean ± standard deviation (SD)] for oral health status, loneliness, and sleep quality were 54.95 ± 6.47, 8.58 ± 3.03, and 4.47 ± 3.60, respectively. SEM revealed that, among the RTU and UTU MEFC, oral health status was positively and significantly related to sleep quality; however, the correlation was slightly stronger in the UTU MEFC. In both groups, there was a significant negative correlation between oral health status and loneliness, which was stronger in the UTU MEFC. In the RTU MEFC, a significant negative correlation between loneliness and sleep quality was observed, and in the UTU MEFC, no significant association between loneliness and sleep quality was observed.ConclusionThe sleep quality among the MEFC in this study was higher compared to previous studies. Oral health status was negatively correlated with loneliness and positively associated with sleep quality, whereas loneliness was negatively correlated with sleep quality. These three associations differed significantly between the UTU and RTU MEFC. The government, society, and families should take measures to improve oral health and reduce loneliness among the MEFC to improve their sleep quality.
Geosocial networking mobile applications use and HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Southern China: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Guo Zhihui , Feng Anping , Zhou Yiguo , Gao Yanxiao , Sun Yinghui , Chen Yuanyi , Zhou Xinyi , Zou Huachun 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionMen who have sex with men (MSM) are increasingly using geosocial networking (GSN) mobile applications (apps) to socialize in the community. Our study aimed to compare sexual behaviors between app-using MSM (app users) and non-app-using MSM (non-app users), and evaluate the association between app use and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).MethodsEligible MSM were recruited from January to August 2017 in three metropolitan cities: Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Wuxi. A self-completed tablet-based questionnaire was collected about socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors and app use. Blood samples were collected to test for HIV and syphilis. Rectal swabs taken by nurses and urine samples taken by participants themselves were collected to test for gonorrhea and chlamydia. Anogenital warts were checked by a clinician. Chi square tests and logistic regression were used to compare the prevalence of STIs and the characteristics between app users and non-app users.ResultsA total of 572 MSM were included in our analysis, 59.9, 25.7, and 23.4% MSM were recruited from Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Wuxi, respectively. The majority of participants were 20–29 years old (61.7%). 89.0% of MSM had ever used at least one GSN app, and 63.8% MSM had anal intercourse (AI) partners found via apps. Among app users, 62.7% spent &lt;30 min on apps per day on average in the past 6 months. Compared with non-app users, app users were more likely to have an education level of college and above [adjusted OR (AOR) 3.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.65–7.03], have regular sex partners (2.40, 1.16–5.19), have two or more casual sex partners (2–5: 2.90, 1.21–6.90; ≥6: 13.91, 3.13–82.90), have condomless anal intercourse (CAI) with casual sex partners in the past 6 months (2.50, 1.28–5.04), do not know their last sex partners' HIV status (2.16, 1.13–4.21), have tested for HIV in the past year (2.09, 1.07–4.09) and be circumcised (4.07, 1.29–18.42). Prevalence of HIV (8.3 vs. 7.9%, P = 0.93), syphilis (6.9 vs. 11.1%, P = 0.34), gonorrhea (5.1 vs. 6.3%, P = 0.90), chlamydia (18.5 vs. 12.7%, P = 0.36), and anogenital warts (4.9 vs. 4.8%, P = 1.00) were similar between app users and non-app users.ConclusionsGSN app users were more likely to have high-risk sexual behaviors, but the prevalence of HIV and other STIs were similar to non-app users. Longitudinal studies comparing the incidence of HIV/STIs between long-term app users and non-app users may be necessary to clarify the impact of app use on HIV/STIs risk.
Changes in health communication in the age of COVID-19: A study on the dissemination of preprints to the public
Authors: Zeng Li 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionPreprints have become an important tool for meeting the challenges of health communication in the context of COVID-19. They allow scientists to disseminate their results more quickly due to the absence of a peer review process. Preprints have been well-received by scientists, however, there have been concerns about the exposure of wider public audiences to preprints due in part to this lack of peer review.MethodsThe aim of this study is to examine the dissemination of preprints on medRxiv and bioRxiv during the COVID-19 pandemic using content analysis and statistical analysis.ResultsOur findings show that preprints have played an unprecedented role in disseminating COVID-19-related science results to the public.DiscussionWhile the overall media coverage of preprints is unsatisfactory, digital native news media performed better than legacy media in reporting preprints, which means that we could make the most of digital native media to improve health communication. This study contributes to understanding how science communication has evolved in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and provides some practical recommendations.
Feasibility of cross-calibrating ocean-color sensors in polar orbit using an intermediary geostationary sensor of reference
Authors: Tan Jing , Frouin Robert , Murakami Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

A generic methodology is presented to cross-calibrate satellite ocean-color sensors in polar orbitviaan intermediary geostationary sensor of reference. In this study, AHI onboard Hiwamari-8 is used as the intermediary sensor to cross-calibrate SGLI onboard GCOM-C and MODIS onboard Aqua and Terra (MODIS-A and MODIS-T) after system vicarious calibration (SVC). Numerous coincidences were obtained near the Equator using 3 days of imagery, i.e., 11 May 2018, 22 January 2019, and 25 January 2020. Spectral matching to AHI spectral bands was first performed for a wide range of angular geometry, aerosol conditions, and Case 1 waters using a single band or multiple bands of SGLI, MODIS-A and MODIS-T, yielding root mean square differences of 0.1–0.7% in the blue and green and 0.7%–3.7% in the red depending on the band combination. Limited by the inherent AHI instrument noise and the system vicarious calibration of individual polar-orbiting sensors, cross-calibration was only performed for equivalent AHI bands centered on at 471, 510, and 639 nm. Results show that MODIS-A and MODIS-T are accurately cross-calibrated, with cross-calibration ratios differing by 0.1%–0.8% in magnitude. These differences are within or slightly outside the estimated uncertainties of ±0.6% to ±1.0%. In contrast, SGLI shows larger cross-calibration differences, i.e., 1.4%, 3.4%, and 1.1% with MODIS-A and 1.5%, 4.6%, and 1.5% with MODIS-T, respectively. These differences are above uncertainties of ±0.8–1.0% at 471 and 510 nm and within uncertainties of ±2.3% and ±1.9% at 639 nm. Such differences may introduce significant discrepancies between ocean-color products generated from SGLI and MODIS data, although some compensation may occur because different atmospheric correction schemes are used to process SGLI and MODIS imagery, and SVC is based on the selected scheme. Geostationary sensors with ocean color capability have potential to improve the spectral matching and reduce uncertainties, as long as they provide imagery at sufficient cadence over equatorial regions. The methodology is applicable to polar-orbiting optical sensors in general and can be implemented operationally to ensure consistency of products generated by individual sensors in establishing long-term data records for climate studies.