bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extremely Electron‐Withdrawing Lewis‐Paired CN Groups for Organic p‐Dopants
Authors: Hyun Suh Eui , Beom Kim Sang , Jung Jaemin , Jang Jaeyoung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractP‐type chemical doping (p‐doping) is a key technique to modulate the optical, electrical, and electronic properties of organic semiconductors. However, typical functional groups in organic p‐dopants have insufficient electron‐withdrawing strength, and the inevitable diffusion of dopants in host matrices degrades doping stabilities. Herein, we utilize extremely electron‐withdrawing Lewis‐paired CN groups as a new class of building blocks for designing unprecedentedly strong organic p‐dopants with excellent doping stability. Various Lewis acids are paired with CN‐functionalized conjugated molecules in the solution state, which strengthens the electron‐withdrawing properties of CN groups almost twofold. The large dopants afford outstanding doping stability against continuous heating and long‐term atmospheric exposure, which is promising for practical applications in devices. Given the broad applicability of this simple combinatorial approach, it may impact many fields of (opto)electronics.
A GC–MSD method for analysis of dimethyl sulfate in palm oil‐based esterquat
Authors: Tay Bonnie Yen Ping , A Haliza A. , Maurad Zulina A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDimethyl sulfate (DMS) is a quarternizing agent for esteramine used for the synthesis of esterquat. To date there is no reliable published method for quantification of DMS in palm‐based esterquat. Esterquat is used in the formulation of personal care and textile cleaning. The process of quaternization is usually incomplete and there will be unreacted DMS. This work presents a new simple method involving solvent extraction of DMS followed by analysis with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry detector to quantify the unreacted DMS. This method was validated as per International Council for Harmonization requirements. This novel method showed good repeatability (relative standard deviation [RSD] < 5%) and inter‐day with different analyst reproducibility (RSD < 5%). The limits of detection and quantification were 5 and 10 μg mL−1, respectively. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by the analysis of spiked samples and it was found that good recovery was found at spiking levels of 20, 30, and 50 μg mL−1 with % recovery falling within the 80%–120% acceptable limit. However, at 10 μg mL−1, the percentage recovery was slightly below the recommended limit.
Real‐time monitoring of biomass during Escherichia coli high‐cell‐density cultivations by in‐line photon density wave spectroscopy
Authors: Schiewe Thomas , Gutschmann Björn , Santolin Lara , Waldburger Saskia , Neubauer Peter , Hass Roland , Riedel Sebastian L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn efficient monitoring and control strategy is the basis for a reliable production process. Conventional optical density (OD) measurements involve superpositions of light absorption and scattering, and the results are only given in arbitrary units. In contrast, photon density wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a dilution‐free method that allows independent quantification of both effects with defined units. For the first time, PDW spectroscopy was evaluated as a novel optical process analytical technology tool for real‐time monitoring of biomass formation in Escherichia coli high‐cell‐density fed‐batch cultivations. Inline PDW measurements were compared to a commercially available inline turbidity probe and with offline measurements of OD and cell dry weight (CDW). An accurate correlation of the reduced PDW scattering coefficient µs′ with CDW was observed in the range of 5–69 g L−1 (R2 = 0.98). The growth rates calculated based on µs′ were comparable to the rates determined with all reference methods. Furthermore, quantification of the reduced PDW scattering coefficient µs′ as a function of the absorption coefficient µa allowed direct detection of unintended process trends caused by overfeeding and subsequent acetate accumulation. Inline PDW spectroscopy can contribute to more robust bioprocess monitoring and consequently improved process performance.
Enhanced functional connectome of cerebellum in chronic insomnia patients
Authors: Lin Shiqi , Ye Xi , Yang Yuping , Yang Jingyi , Xu Guang , Wang Xinzhi , Ma Xiaofen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFunctional abnormalities of the cerebellum have been found to be closely associated with chronic insomnia (CI). However, whether there are abnormalities in the topology of the functional connectome of the cerebellum in these patients is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate topological abnormalities of the cerebellar functional connectome in individuals with CI.Materials and MethodsWe used resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) and graph‐theoretic analysis to construct a functional connectivity matrix and extract topological property features of the cerebellar functional connectome in patients with CI. We examined global and nodal topological property changes in the cerebellar functional connectome in 102 patients with CI (CI group) and 101 healthy participants without insomnia symptoms (HC group) to determine the differences between groups. Correlations between the topological properties of the cerebellar functional connectome and clinical assessments were calculated to confirm the differences between groups.ResultsThe cerebellar functional connectome of both CI and HC patients exhibited small‐world properties. The CI group showed higher standardized clustering coefficients at the global properties and higher betweenness centrality in the cerebellar Crus II vermis region at the nodal properties compared with participants in the HC group. However, the topological properties of cerebellar functional connectome abnormalities in the CI group were not significantly different from those in clinical assessments.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the abnormal global and nodal topological properties of the cerebellar functional connectome are associated with CI and could serve as an important biomarker for CI.
Tomeito or Tomahto: Exploring consumer's accent and their engagement with artificially intelligent interactive voice assistants
Authors: Sattarapu Praveen Kumar , Wadera Deepti , Nguyen Nguyen Phong , Kaur Jaspreet , Kaur Sumeet , Mogaji Emmanuel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractArtificially intelligent interactive voice assistants (AIIVAs) are developed to understand language, but there is limited insight into their ability to understand accents. While there have been substantial advancements in understanding multiple languages by AIIVAs, having an understanding of variety of accents is an emerging concern. To address these concerns, we contextualised our study in India, one of the world's most populated and diverse countries with varying accents and dialects. Study 1 collected qualitative data through semi structured interviews with participants, data was subsequently thematically analysed, and a typology was developed with respect to the context of use and consumers' emotional and rational reactions towards AIIVAs when interacting with accents. For Study 2, we implemented the quantitative research method. This was done to reiterate the conceptual model formulated from the qualitative research findings. Findings suggest that positive emotional action has emerged as the most significant factor, followed by rational action and negative emotional action. This study contributes significantly to the theoretical understanding of future consumer behaviour and human‐computer interaction trends. It provides practical implications for managers, tech developers, and other companies working and using speech‐to‐text automatic speech recognition to know that while they train their algorithms with languages, they should be mindful of the diverse accents of their consumers.
Tetracycline‐Inducible and Reversible Stable Gene Expression in Human iPSC‐Derived Neural Progenitors and in the Postnatal Mouse Brain
Authors: Linesch Paul W. , Akhtar Aslam Abbasi , Breunig Joshua J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOur group has developed several approaches for stable, non‐viral integration of inducible transgenic elements into the genome of mammalian cells. Specifically, a piggyBac tetracycline‐inducible genetic element of interest (pB‐tet‐GOI) plasmid system allows for stable piggyBac transposition–mediated integration into cells, identification of cells that have been transfected using a fluorescent nuclear reporter, and robust transgene activation or suppression upon the addition of doxycycline (dox) to the cell culture or the diet of the animal. Furthermore, the addition of luciferase downstream of the target gene allows for quantitative assessment of gene activity in a non‐invasive manner. More recently, we have developed a transgenic system as an alternative to piggyBac called mosaic analysis by dual recombinase–mediated cassette exchange (MADR), as well as additional in vitro transfection techniques and in vivo dox chow applications. The protocols herein provide instructions for the use of this system in cell lines and in the neonatal mouse brain. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Cloning of respective genetic element of interest (GOI) into response plasmidBasic Protocol 2: In vitro nucleofection of iPSC‐derived human/mouse neural progenitor cells and subsequent derivation of stable inducible cell linesAlternate Protocol: In vitro electroporation of iPSC‐derived human/mouse neural progenitor cellsSupport Protocol: Recovery stage after in vitro transfectionBasic Protocol 3: Adding doxycycline to cells to induce/reverse GOIBasic Protocol 4: Assessing gene expression in vitro by non‐invasive bioluminescence imaging of luciferase activity
Artificial intelligence assisted with designing metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs)
Authors: Rabiee Navid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article discusses the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the design and engineering of porous inorganic nanomaterials, with a special focus on metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs). MOFs are highly porous nanomaterials with a large surface area, making them ideal for various applications, including gas storage, catalysis, and drug/gene delivery. Machine learning algorithms can analyze large datasets of MOF structures and properties to identify trends and correlations, and this information can be used to predict the properties of new MOFs. AI can also optimize MOF properties for specific applications, predict the optimal synthesis conditions for a given MOF structure, and design new ligands and metal ions for MOF synthesis. Mathematical models and tools, such as molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations, can be used in conjunction with AI algorithms to improve the accuracy and efficiency of MOF synthesis. The article also explores whether AI can design a new MOF, highlighting the complex nature of the question and the different perspectives that need to be considered.
Selenium Analogue of LSZ102 as a Highly Potent ER‐α Binder
Authors: Paegle Edgars , Arsenyan Pavel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNowadays, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and downregulators (SERDs) are used as the first‐line medical treatment for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) tumors. Herein we report synthesis, ER‐α binding activity, and cytotoxicity of LSZ102 selenium analogues 11 and 28. TR‐FRET competitive ER‐α binding experiments and cytotoxicity assays have shown that the selenium analogues exhibit closely related activity to LSZ102. Furthermore, the prepared selenium analogues are not toxic in rat cardiomyoblasts (H9C2), indicating that substituted benzo[b]selenophene is a prospective scaffold for the development of ER‐α modulators and downregulators for the treatment of ER+ cancers.
Effect of pretreatment parameters and binder concentration on the densification of wood residue
Authors: Sarwar M. Asim , Irfan Muhammad , Tabish Asif Nadeem , Mahmood Khan Haris , Waqas Iqbal Muhammad , Fatima Hira , Iqbal Tanveer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPakistan is a farming and agricultural country facing energy issues from many years due to an increase in population and lack of technological development. Biomass is usually considered a waste. It is a major renewable energy source that is abundantly present in Pakistan. The wood residue is one of the potential biomasses to be used for energy purposes. Wood residue densification is considered a source of energy in this article. The effect of different pretreatments and binders (natural and synthetic) concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%) on the densification of wood residue are analyzed. In addition to this, densified biomass pellets are characterized by physical, mechanical, thermal, and structural properties. The results indicated that densified pellets with 5% natural binder (rice binder) are found to be better in physical, mechanical, and thermal properties (IRI = 316, HV = 5396.3 Cal/g). The durability of the pellets with binder concentration is found to be linked with the bonding characteristics. It shows insights into the use of different biomass materials for energy generation to fulfill the demands of increasing commercialization and population. It indicates future prospects for better access to energy, reliable quality of air, and security of energy simultaneously while avoiding the harmful effects of climate change.
Ownership of small livestock species, but not aggregate livestock, is associated with an increased risk of anemia among children in Ethiopia: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Zerfu Taddese Alemu , Abera Amare , Duncan Alan , Baltenweck Isabelle , McNeill Geraldine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConsumption of animal source foods, through livestock production, improves children's growth and micronutrient status. However, research on the relationship between livestock ownership and childhood anemia has produced conflicting results. The current study used robust analytical approaches to examine the effect of household livestock ownership on children's anemia using the most recent secondary data from the national demographic and health survey. We followed a 1:1 closest neighborhood propensity score matching analysis. A propensity score was generated using the binary logistic regression model to compute the probability of owning livestock. From a total of 18,008 households enrolled in the latest Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS 2016), data of 721 index children aged 6–59 months from households owning livestock were matched with a comparable number (721) of children from households without livestock. The paired and independent t‐test, matched relative risk (RR), and standardized mean differences were used to compare the distributions of hemoglobin concentration and anemia risks between treatment and control groups. Anemia was found in more than half (54.1% and 58.8%) of children aged 6–59 months from livestock‐owning and nonowning families, respectively (p > .05). Aggregate ownership of livestock was not associated with hemoglobin concentration or anemia status (RR = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] [0.87–1.04]). Species‐wise, poultry was associated with a lower (RR = 0.88, 95% CI [0.84–0.95]) anemia risk, while ownership of goat/sheep was associated with higher (RR = 1.10, 95% CI [1.03–1.17]) risk. In conclusion, ownership of small livestock species (sheep/goats and poultry), but not aggregate livestock ownership, was associated with the risk of anemia among children in Ethiopia. Therefore, agriculture‐sensitive nutrition, with a One Health lens approach, is recommended to mitigate the high burden of anemia among children in Ethiopia. In the future, a well‐controlled interventional study with more extended periods may be required to fully understand the effects of livestock production and highlight the differences seen across livestock species.
Advanced polymer materials‐based electronic skins for tactile and non‐contact sensing applications
Authors: Yin Feifei , Niu Hongsen , Kim Eun‐Seong , Shin Young Kee , Li Yang , Kim Nam‐Young 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecently, polymer materials have been at the forefront of other materials in building high‐performance flexible electronic skin (e‐skin) devices due to conspicuous advantages including excellent mechanical flexibility, good compatibility, and high plasticity. However, most research works just paid considerable attention and effort to the design, construction, and possible application of e‐skins that reproduce the tactile perception of the human skin sensory system. Compared with tactile sensing devices, e‐skins that aim to imitate the non‐contact sensing features in the sensory system of human skin tend to avoid undesired issues such as bacteria spreading and mechanical wear. To further promote the development of e‐skins to the human skin sensory system where tactile perception and non‐contact sensing complement each other, significant progress and advances have been achieved in the field of polymer materials enabled e‐skins for both tactile perception and non‐contact sensing applications. In this review, the latest progress in polymer material‐based e‐skins with regard to tactile, non‐contact sensing capabilities and their practical applications are introduced. The fabrication strategies of polymer materials and their role in building high‐performance e‐skins for tactile and non‐contact sensing are highlighted. Furthermore, we also review the research works that integrated the polymer‐based tactile and non‐contact e‐skins into robots and prostheses, smart gloves, and VR/AR devices and addressed some representative problems to demonstrate their suitability in practical applications in human–machine interactions. Finally, the current challenges in the construction of high‐performance tactile and non‐contact e‐skins are highlighted and promising properties in this direction, by taking advantage of the polymer materials, are outlined.image
Dental school quality assessment: Effect of student calibration on the outcomes of fixed prosthodontic cases
Authors: Capehart Kim L. , Harris Ronald L. , Britton Eduardo E. , Fielden Michelle R. , Hammond Barry D. , Babb Courtney S. , Young Nancy B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundQuality assurance (QA) of predoctoral dental student laboratory work is an essential part of the learning process that involves evaluating the student's ability, providing constructive feedback, helping develop the students' ability to self‐assess, and promoting collegiality and communication among students, faculty, and laboratories. Faculty calibration, while often difficult to coordinate, is also necessary to providing consistent student feedback.AimThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether periodic calibration exercises with the fourth‐year dental students and faculty impacted the number of student cases rejected during Quality Assurance evaluation of fixed prosthodontic cases submitted to The Dental College of Georgia laboratory tracking.ConclusionFindings from this study provided evidence that ongoing calibration did result in a reduced number of incoming QA rejections in all periods reviewed except for one in which there was significant turnover among department faculty affecting QA calibration for that time period.
Late infantile and adult‐onset metachromatic leukodystrophy due to novel missense variants in the PSAP gene: Case report from India
Authors: Sheth Jayesh , Nair Aadhira , Bhavsar Riddhi , Shah Heli , Tayade Naresh , Prabha C. Ratna , Sheth Frenny , Sheth Harsh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) due to Sap‐B deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused due to biallelic variants in the PSAP gene. The PSAP gene encodes a precursor protein prosaposin, which is subsequently cleaved to form four active glycoproteins: Sap‐A, Sap‐B, Sap‐C, and Sap‐D. In case of deficiency of the sphingolipid activator protein Sap‐B, there is a gradual accumulation of cerebroside‐3‐sulfate in the myelin of the nervous system resulting in progressive demyelination. Only 12 variants have been reported in the PSAP gene causing Sap‐B deficiency to date. Here, we report two cases of MLD due to Sap‐B deficiency (late‐infantile and adult‐onset form) harboring two novel missense variants c.688T > G and c.593G > A in the PSAP gene respectively. This study reports the third case of adult‐onset MLD due to Sap‐B deficiency in the world. The proband, a 3‐year‐old male child presented with complaints of hypotonia, lower limb tremors and global developmental delay. His MRI showed hyperintense signals in the bilateral cerebellar white matter. Overall, the findings were suggestive of metachromatic leukodystrophy. The second case was a 19‐year‐old male child with clinical features of regression of speech, gait ataxia and bilateral tremors referred to our clinic. MRI data suggested metachromatic leukodystrophy. Normal enzyme activity of arylsulfatase‐A led to a suspicion of saposin B deficiency. For both cases, targeted sequencing was performed. This identified homozygous variant c.688T > G (p.Cys230Gly) and c.593G > A (p.Cys198Tyr) in exon 6 of the PSAP gene, respectively.
An insight into the impact of climate factors associated with altitude on wheat volatiles’ fingerprints at harvest using multivariate statistical analysis
Authors: De Flaviis Riccardo , Santarelli Veronica , Sacchetti Giampiero , Mastrocola Dino 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDClimate changes associated with global warming are increasingly affecting the quality of cultivated crops. Cultivation at different altitudes and similar latitudes may offer an extraordinarily useful opportunity to obtain a diversificated dataset of climate variables and to further investigate their effect on crop quality. This study evaluated the effect of climate indices – temperature, rainfall precipitation and solar radiation data – on commercial parameters and the volatile organic compound (VOC) profile of wheat at harvest.RESULTSThree common and durum wheat varieties, including two heritage wheats, were sown in experimental fields sited at three altitudes for 3 years consecutively, and they were analyzed for their yield, grading parameters, and VOC profiles. The datasets were processed by partial least squares regression (PLS‐R) and the results indicate that summer days (SU25) and diurnal temperature range (ΔT) are the climate indices mainly responsible for the VOC profile changes in both common and durum wheat. Accumulated growth degree days (GDD), consecutive dry days (CDD), and accumulated solar radiation (ASR) induced species‐specific responses. Terpenes represented the chemical class of VOCs most affected by stresses, followed by ketones and alcohols, which were affected by CDD, GDD, and ASR.CONCLUSIONThis study showed a selective response of wheat to abiotic stresses associated with climate variables in terms of VOC synthesis. Its findings may be relevant in several fields, from plant ecology to agronomy and food quality, with implications for local economic strategies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.