bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hi5 Protocol for the Use of Microfocused Ultrasound with Visualization
Authors: Corduff Niamh , Lowe Stephen 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Microfocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU-V) is used for lifting and tightening of facial tissues. Standard protocols are completed in a single session. Despite excellent outcomes, we identified several barriers of entry for a significant number of patients. Therefore, we devised an individualized pan-facial protocol that is delivered as a series of short, intense treatments to address these issues.

Methods:
We enrolled 12 participants with mild-to-moderate skin and fibromuscular laxity to receive one superficial and one deep pass per visit (average 280 lines). Qualitative improvements were rated by both patients and physicians at 6 or 10 months due to COVID-19 delays. Changes in the submentum and eyebrow heights were quantified.

Results:
Ten patients (age range: 31–61 years) underwent an average of four MFU-V treatments. Two patients were excluded after massive weight gain. Skin and fibromuscular ptosis and overall soft tissue laxity improved in all patients. Mean brow height increased by 1.7 mm, whereas the mean submental lift was 78.7 mm2. All patients and treating physicians rated an improvement in appearance, whereas independent physicians rated improvements in 87% of cases. Four patients self-rated as “markedly improved.” Pain was rated at up to 6.2 (out of 10). Although mask-wearing was mandatory, loss of elasticity, wrinkles, and skin roughness all improved. Superficial welts (n = 5), erythema (n = 3), tenderness (n = 3), and mild bruising (n = 2) occurred, but all resolved within a few days and no severe or permanent adverse events occurred.

Conclusion:
The Hi5 protocol was noninferior to standard single-session protocols and improved brow heights and submental lifting.
The Utility of Bone Burring for the Clearance of Locally Advanced Scalp Malignancies: A Scoping Review
Authors: Anthony Ojochonu D. , Hunter-Smith David J. , Rozen Warren M. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The scalp harbors a range of neoplasms occurring at inordinate rates and associated with poorer outcomes. Its unique anatomy poses surgical challenges, including clear deep margins when resecting these lesions. For malignancies extending to the pericranium, removal of outer cortical cranial bone is ideal and routinely achieved with a burr. This review aims to investigate the literature to ascertain the utility and safety of this technique while highlighting evidence gaps.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted systematically using MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed. Articles were reviewed for inclusion, and eligible studies were analyzed for study design, patient and intervention details, and outcome measures. A formal statistical analysis was not conducted.

Results:
The original search yielded 1506 unique results, and eight studies met the inclusion criteria: four case series, two retrospective analysis of records, two case reports. A number of tumor types were identified, but the burring method used was consistent in all studies. Despite reassuring primary outcome measure results, specifically in terms of local control rates, the overall evidence quality is limited by the nature of the included studies. Few adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:
Evidence for the oncological efficacy of scalp bone burring remains limited. Although the technique seems relatively safe, further investigation is required into its utility and drawbacks. Future studies should aim to report more technical details and more information about outcomes. It may also be worth comparing burring to alternatives such as outer cortical splitting, curettage, and high-dose curative radiotherapy.
Repeated Low-Level Red Light Therapy for the Control of Myopia in Children: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wang Fei , Peng Wei , Jiang Zhengxuan 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Repeated low-level red light (RLRL) therapy has been suggested to be effective in children with myopia. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is still limited. We performed a meta-analysis of RCTs to systematically evaluate the efficacy of RLRL on changes of axial length (AL) and cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) in children with myopia.

Methods:
Relevant RCTs were obtained through a search of electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from inception to September 15, 2022. A random-effects model was used to pool the results after incorporating the influence of potential heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the control treatment and follow-up duration.

Results:
A total of seven RCTs involving 1,031 children with myopia, aged 6 to 16 years, were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with control treatment without RLRL, treatment with RLRL was associated with a significantly reduced AL (mean difference [MD]: −0.25 mm, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.32 to −0.17, P<0.001; I2=13%) and a significantly increased cycloplegic SER (MD: 0.60 D, 95% CI: 0.44–0.76, P<0.001; I2=20%). Further subgroup analyses showed consistent results in studies comparing children wearing single vision lenses and those receiving active treatment including orthokeratology or low-dose atropine eye drops, as well as studies of treatment duration of 6 and 12 months.

Conclusions:
Results of the meta-analysis suggested that RLRL treatment is effective for slowing down the progression of myopia in children aged 6 to 16 years.
Twenty-Four-Hour Intraocular Pressure in Chronic Primary Angle-Closure Disease
Authors: Supakontanasan Wasu , Suwan Yanin , Nilphatanakorn Suthaphat , Teekhasaenee Chaiwat , Tantraworasin Apichat , Petpiroon Purit 
Published: August 2023

Précis:
Primary angle closure and primary angle closure glaucoma may exhibit normal intraocular pressure. Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure fluctuation is highest in primary angle closure glaucoma. The degree of peripheral anterior synechiae was associated with a 24-hour intraocular pressure pattern in primary angle-closure disease without laser iridotomy.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to study 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) patterns in eyes with chronic primary angle-closure disease and evaluate associations between peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) and 24-hour IOP pattern.

Patients and Methods:
In this prospective cohort study, 59 eyes of 35 Asian patients with chronic primary angle-closure disease underwent complete ocular examinations at Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. Twenty-four-hour IOP records were obtained using Goldmann applanation tonometry at 2-hour intervals. Peak, mean, and trough 24-hour IOP values and 24-hour IOP fluctuation (difference between peak and trough values) were compared among groups. None of the participants received any treatment before complete data collection.

Results:
Even univariable analysis demonstrated a significant difference in peak, mean, and trough IOP and 24-hour IOP fluctuation between the 3 groups; the magnitude of trough IOP was not higher than 21 mmHg in all groups. In multivariable analysis, PAC and PACG eyes showed significantly higher peak IOP (P=0.020 and 0.006, respectively) and 24-hour IOP fluctuation (P=0.048 and 0.001, respectively) compared with PACS eyes. In comparison between combined PACS and PAC eyes versus PACG eyes, PACG eyes revealed significantly higher 24-hour IOP fluctuation. The degree of PAS was associated with peak and mean IOP values and with 24-hour IOP fluctuation in PAC and PACG eyes.

Conclusions:
Twenty-four-hour IOP fluctuation was highest in PACG eyes. Although PAC and PACG eyes showed higher peak IOP and 24-hour IOP fluctuation values, compared with PACS eyes, trough IOP in PAC and PACG eyes were mostly below 21 mmHg. In addition, the degree of PAS was associated with a 24-hour IOP pattern in either PAC or PACG eyes.
Focus on reuse: reducing waste associated with topical preoperative antiseptics
Authors: Lam Lydia , Dedina Liana , Bacchi Stephen , Lake Stewart R. , Chan WengOnn 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
To outline the environmental and financial costs associated with single-use topical antiseptic (5% povidone–iodine [PVI] solution) in the ophthalmology theatre setting and explore potential methods of repurposing topical antiseptics.

Setting:
Large tertiary referral center (Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia).

Design:
Single-center prospective observational study.

Methods:
Dedicated containers placed in the ophthalmology theatre of the participating institution were used to collect the number of disposed PVI bottles over the 3-week study period. Descriptive statistics were employed to determine the associated packaging bottle weight, mean unused quantity (mL) and cost of the single-use topical PVI solution and costs of unused antiseptic.

Results:
The total amount of waste generated from the use of single-use PVI bottles during the surveillance period was 10.823 kg, of which 21.9% was preventable; 72% of unused PVI by weight were discarded during the study period, equating to approximately $21 857.60 in wasted pharmaceutical content per year. 100% of the discarded PVI was successfully redirected and reused at a local wildlife rescue organisation and diverted from landfill.

Conclusions:
This study has demonstrated that the utilization of single-use topical preoperative PVI preparations is associated with significant financial, pharmaceutical and environmental waste. Future studies examining the recyclability of single-use PVI bottles and investigating systematic strategies to recycle and repurpose this waste are required.
Combination of enoxaparin and low-dose aspirin for thromboprophylaxis in selective patients after primary total joint arthroplasty in a Taiwanese population
Authors: Tsai Shang-Wen , Chang Wei-Lin , Pai Fu-Yuan , Chou Te-Feng Arthur , Chen Cheng-Fong , Wu Po-Kuei , Chen Wei-Ming 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) procedures are lower in Asian populations than in Caucasian populations. Therefore, the need for thromboprophylaxis in Asian patients undergoing TJA remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to validate the clinical outcomes of thromboprophylaxis in selective TJA patients in a Taiwanese population.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed records of patients who underwent TJA procedures performed by a single-surgeon between January 2010 through December 2019. Patients received thromboprophylaxis with a combination of enoxaparin and low-dose aspirin if they fulfilled any of the following criteria: 1) body mass index >30 (kg/m2), 2) presence of varicose veins, 3) history of DVT or PE, or 4) simultaneous bilateral TJA procedure. We assessed the incidence of DVT and PE, 90-day postoperative complications, length of stay, in-hospital mortality, 30-day and 90-day readmission, and 1-year reoperation.

Results:
Of the 7511 patients included in this study, 2295 (30.6%) patients received thromboprophylaxis. For patients who received thromboprophylaxis(N = 2295), the incidence of DVT and PE were 0.44% and 0%, respectively. For patients who did not receive thromboprophylaxis (N = 5216), the incidence of DVT and PE was 0.46% and 0.04%, respectively. The overall rates of 90-day postoperative complications (2.3%), 30-day (1.8%) and 90-day readmission (2.3%), and 1-year reoperation (1.1%) were low.

Conclusion:
Providing thromboprophylaxis for selective TJA patients within the Taiwanese population was effective, as indicated by the low incidence of DVT and PE. Complications, such as surgical site infection, should be carefully weighed and managed.
Amplified HIV Transmission Risk Among People Living With HIV in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Reis Renata Karina , Antonini Marcela , Milanês Sousa Laelson Rochelle , Rocha Karyanna Alves de Alencar , Naiff Ferreira Glenda Roberta Oliveira , Vettore Mario Vianna , Gir Elucir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the factors associated with amplified HIV transmission risk among people living with HIV from a city in southeast Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 397 people living with HIV recruited in infectious diseases clinics. Data on risk of HIV transmission, sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, professional counseling, serological HIV status, HIV-related clinical data, and beliefs about risk of HIV transmission were collected through interviews and medical records. Hierarchical ordered multinomial regression analyses were performed. Amplified HIV risk transmission was associated with lower age, alcohol consumption before having sex, illicit drug use before sexual intercourse, and not receiving professional counseling about HIV transmission. The belief that HIV can be transmitted to a partner not living with HIV was associated with lower likelihood of amplified risk for HIV transmission. Our findings suggest the importance of minimizing substance use before having sex, professional counseling, and beliefs about HIV transmission on amplified HIV risk transmission.
Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus improves sleep in Parkinson disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Keying , Peng Sun , Wu Yulun , Zhao Yuanyuan , Lu Zhonglei 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Sleep disorders significantly affect the quality of life in Parkinson disease (PD) patients. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus has been reported to improve motor symptoms and decrease medication usage. However, the impact of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on sleep quality in PD patients remains to be definitively determined. This systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, aimed to clarify the effect of STN-DBS on sleep quality in PD patients.

Methods:
A rigorous literature search identified 6 studies, including 1 randomized controlled trial and 5 self-controlled trials, totaling 154 patients who underwent deep brain stimulation, providing 308 pairs of data for analysis. Parkinson disease sleep scale was the primary measure of interest, while the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the unified Parkinson disease rating scale was documented in all trials. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results:
STN-DBS significantly improved Parkinson disease sleep scale scores (mean difference = 20.41, 95% CI: [13.03, 27.79], I² = 60.8%, P < .001), indicating enhanced sleep quality. Furthermore, a significant reduction in movement disorder society unified Parkinson disease rating scale part III scores postoperatively (mean difference = −12.59, 95% CI: [−14.70, −10.49], I² = 89.9%, P < .001) suggested improved motor function. PD medication usage was also significantly reduced postoperatively (mean difference = −314.71, 95% CI: [−468.13, −161.28], I² = 52.9%, P < .001). A sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the main findings. The sample size was adequate, allowing for conclusive inferences.

Conclusion:
The present study, which comprises a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis, offers compelling evidence that STN-DBS can ameliorate sleep quality, augment motor function, and curtail medication consumption among individuals afflicted with PD.
Treatment of infected placenta accreta in the uterine horn by transabdominal temporary occlusion of internal iliac arteries: A case report and literature review
Authors: Xu Wenzhi , Liu Zhibao , Ren Qianqian , Dai Chang , Wang Bo , Peng Yangying , Gao Ling 
Published: August 2023

Rationale:
This case report aims to describe the treatment of infected placenta accreta in the uterine horn by transabdominal temporary occlusion of internal iliac arteries.

Patient concerns:
A 29-year-old female patient had a history of retained placenta for 28 days after labor induction in the second trimester of pregnancy because of fetal malformation.

Diagnoses:
Placenta accreta in the uterine horn was diagnosed by 3-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, and the diagnosis was confirmed during the operation.

Interventions:
Laparotomy was performed to remove the placenta and repair the uterine defect after temporary occlusion of both internal iliac arteries.

Outcomes:
Body temperature and inflammatory markers were elevated at admission but returned to normal on the second day after surgery. Normal menstruation resumed approximately 1 month postoperatively. Ultrasound examination showed that the shape of the uterine cavity was normal. No postoperative complications were observed.

Lessons:
Temporary occlusion of the internal iliac artery can help effectively manage infected placenta accreta in the uterine horn.
Periumbilical giant abscess and intestinal leakage in late pregnancy: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Xiaobin , Xu Lei , Xu Zhaojun , Fan Zuyou , Wang Lie , Qi Yafeng , Lin Chen 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Complicated Periumbilical abscess in late pregnancy is rare in clinical practice. Pubmed searches for articles published from January 1980 to September 2021. Such related reports did not retrieve article about “pregnancy” and “periumbilical abscess.”

Case presentation:
We reported on a 34-year-old female patient who was admitted to the hospital with periumbilical pain for 3 days at 34 + 1 weeks of pregnancy. The result of imaging examination showed that there was an inflammatory mass in the middle and lower abdominal wall in the third trimester of pregnancy. The periumbilical abscess was punctured and drained first, and then the pregnant woman was assisted to give birth to a baby girl through vagina after the condition was stable.
Subsequently, laparotomy + abdominal abscess resection and drainage + partial small bowel resection + ileostomy were performed. Pathology showed inflammatory mass.

Conclusions:
Periumbilical abscess in the third trimester of pregnancy is rare clinically. For some pregnant women with previous trauma and surgical history, obstetric examination should not be restricted. For example, pregnant women with a history of abdominal surgery should expand the range of abdominal color Doppler ultrasound during the prenatal examination. When necessary, combine with computed tomography for diagnosis and treatment, avoid missed diagnosis, which will make the treatment more difficult and increase the risk. If the pregnant women has corresponding symptoms in the third trimester, vaginal delivery can be performed to terminate the pregnancy, and then the periumbilical abscess can be removed. At the same time, closely monitor the vital signs of newborn and mothers.
The effectiveness and safety of eyelid defect reconstruction after sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid surgery: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Yu , Bai Rong , Hao Hongyan , Qi Wei , Li Sheng , Li Jun 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid is the third most common eyelid malignancy, after basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. It is highly malignant and potentially aggressive. Surgical excision is currently the best treatment option for this condition. Patients often require reconstruction surgery to repair eyelid defects to achieve normal eyelid function and appearance. However, no comprehensive systematic review has assessed the efficacy and safety of eyelid defect reconstruction. This protocol was developed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate evidence related to the efficacy and safety of reconstruction.

Methods:
We will systematically search the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from their inception to February 2023 for studies on eyelid defect reconstruction. We will identify other potential studies using multiple methods such as manual searching. The outcomes were eyelid function, eyelid morphology, patient satisfaction, recurrence rate, metastasis rate, tumor-related mortality, and adverse events. Two researchers will independently screen titles and abstracts, identify full-text studies for inclusion, extract data, and appraise the risk of bias in the included studies. A meta-analysis will be conducted using Review Manager 5.4 and R software. The certainty of evidence will be appraised by grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation system.

Results:
This full-text will adhere to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement to ensure clarity and completeness of reporting in all phases of the systematic review.

Discussion:
This study provides evidence of the efficacy and safety of reconstruction methods for sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid.
Corneal biomechanics after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Songbai , Ma Hongjie , Zhao Congling 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) have been extensively studied as the main surgical methods for corneal refractive surgery. However, there is no consensus on whether SMILE is superior to FS-LASIK in corneal biomechanics. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis used the results of ocular response analyzer and corvis ST to explore whether SMILE is superior to FS-LASIK in corneal biomechanics.

Methods:
The literature was searched in PubMed, EMBASE, and Controlled Trials Register databases. The Cochrane Collaboration’s “risk of bias” tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included randomized clinical trials, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the included non-randomized controlled trials. The results were analyzed using Revman 5.3.

Results:
Sixteen studies (3 randomized clinical trials and 13 non-randomized controlled trials) were included in this meta-analysis. There was no statistical difference in corneal biomechanics between SMILE and FS-LASIK in corneal hysteresis [mean difference (MD), 0.20; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.09, 0.49; P = .18] and corneal resistant factor (MD, 0.31; 95% CI: −0.09, 0.71; P = .13), A1 time (MD, −0.02; 95% CI: −0.11, 0.07; P = .66), A1 length (MD, 0.01; 95% CI: −0.01, 0.03; P = .42), A1 velocity (MD, 0.00; 95% CI: −0.01, 0.01; P = .85), A2 velocity (MD, −0.01; 95% CI: −0.11, 0.09; P = .86), HC time (MD, 0.12; 95% CI: −0.13, 0.38; P = .35), The stiffness parameter at first applanation (MD, −7.91; 95% CI: −17.96, 2.14; P = .12), The ratio between the deformation amplitude 2 mm away from apex and the apical deformation (MD, 0.01; 95% CI: −0.26, 0.27; P = .96).

Conclusion:
A comprehensive assessment of the parameters of ocular response analyzer and corvis ST showed that SMILE is not superior to LASIK in corneal biomechanics 3 months post-surgery.