bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Psychotherapists Who Practice With Clients With Dissociative Identity Disorder Experience Their Work: A Reflexive Thematic Analysis
Authors: Pierorazio Nicholas A. , Snyder Briana L. , Chang Mu‐Yin , Israel Benjamin S. , Brand Bethany L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPsychotherapists who treat clients with dissociative identity disorder (DID), a trauma‐related condition, have unique experiences and challenges. There is a dearth of literature investigating the experiences and perspectives of therapists who treat clients with DID.MethodologyWe conducted in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with 15 DID‐treating therapists. We used reflexive thematic analysis, drawing upon constructivist and critical paradigms, to generate an understanding of how these therapists experience, relate to, and make sense of their work with clients with DID.AnalysisWe created four primary themes: (1) ‘Here and Now’: Working in the Present to Facilitate Healing for Clients with DID; (2) ‘I Was Made To Do This’: Finding Meaning in the Calling to Work with Clients with DID; (3) ‘Churning my Stomach Up’: From Holding Trauma and Dissociation to Vicarious Traumatisation; and (4) ‘Pulling Back the Veil’: Working with DID as Social Justice Practice.ConclusionsWe recommend therapists work to leverage their experiences and perspectives in positive ways, such as embracing a here and now stance and what is meaningful about the work, while caring for themselves to manage potential vicarious traumatisation. Supervisors and/or consultants of these therapists must support them in this work.
Primary Tracheal Schwannoma With Extension to the Thyroid Gland: Management
Authors: Thapa Srijana , Sapkota Ranjan , Khati Srijana , Adhikari Aayush 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of neurogenic tumors in the tracheobronchial tree is uncommon. We report a case of transmural tracheal schwannoma with extraluminal component extending upto the left thyroid lobe. 40‐year‐old male presented with scanty hemoptysis due to transmural tracheal schwannoma with extraluminal part of tumor extending till the left lobe of thyroid gland. Patient underwent tracheal resection and anastomosis with en‐bloc excision of left thyroid lobe due to the nature and size of the tumor. Tracheal Schwannoma are not that frequent. Symptoms can misguide the clinician causing delay in diagnosis from the onset of symptoms. Definitive diagnosis is made after histopathological examination and immunohistochemical studies. So far, resection and anastomosis of trachea has been adequate treatment. Tracheal neoplasms are unusual and tracheal schwannomas are very unique. The case highlights the varied presentation of tracheal schwannoma and confusion faced to diagnose the patient and provide an optimal management.
Macrophage Activation Syndrome/Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Adult‐Onset Still's Disease: An Uncommon Initial Presentation in a Young Nepalese Female: A Case Report
Authors: Bishwakarma Kanchan , Bishwakarma Kajal , Bogati Sunil , Jha Saket 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is a fatal systemic hyperinflammatory syndrome. HLH may be due to immunosuppression, infections, cancer, or autoimmune diseases with fever and cytopenia. HLH which occurs in adult‐onset Stills disease (AOSD) is called secondary HLH, also known as macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). Here, we present a case of a 36‐year‐old Nepalese female, with no known comorbidities presented with a history of fever, sore throat, multiple joint pain, fluctuating rash, hair loss, and unintentional weight loss for a month. She was hypotensive, with a high‐grade fever. She had swollen eyelids, and erythematous macular rashes in the face, trunk, and extremities with the rest of the systemic examinations normal. Investigation showed leukocytosis, with anemia, and a blood smear showed neutrophilic leukocytosis. ESR/CRP and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were elevated, and ferritin was 38,291 ng/mL. Tropical disease screening, blood culture, viral serologies, imaging for malignancies, and autoimmune disease panels were negative. She met the diagnostic criteria for AOSD. MAS was suspected of abnormally high ferritin levels, and a bone marrow aspiration biopsy was done. She was given IV steroids with some improvement. The biopsy showed hypercellular marrow with erythroid hyperplasia, dyserythropoietic changes, and increased macrophages with phagocytic activity suggestive of MAS. She was started on dexamethasone and cyclosporine which eventually improved her condition. Several complications can arise in AOSD, around 15% of these patients can have MAS which is regarded as one of the most severe complications. With studies showing a mortality rate of more than 50% in patients of AOSD with MAS which is five times more than the mortality rate with AOSD alone, understanding this combined picture and timely aggressive treatment has a huge importance.
Visible‐Light‐Switchable Molecular Glues for Reversible Control of Protein Function
Authors: Zhang Jun , Herzog Laura K. , Li Shuang , Chen Xi , Wu Yao‐Wen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChemically induced dimerization/proximity (CID/CIP) systems controlled by chemical dimerizers (also known as molecular glues) provide valuable means for understanding and manipulating complex, dynamic biological systems. In this study, we present the development of versatile chemo‐optogenetic systems utilizing azobenzene‐based photoswitchable molecular glues (sMGs) for reversible protein dimerization controlled by visible light. These systems allow multiple cycles of light‐induced dimerization, overcoming the limitations of irreversible photolysis in previous systems. Through optimizing photoswitch properties and linker strategies, we achieved efficient and reversible control using blue, green, and red light. We demonstrate that these systems enable rapid and reversible control of protein function in vitro and in cells. The findings represent a significant advancement in chemo‐optogenetics, offering opportunities to expand applications requiring precise spatiotemporal regulation of dynamic biological processes.
Influence of Photoemission Geometry on Timing and Efficiency in 4D Ultrafast Electron Microscopy
Authors: Willis Simon A. , Flannigan David J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBroader adoption of 4D ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) for the study of chemical, materials, and quantum systems is being driven by development of new instruments as well as continuous improvement and characterization of existing technologies. Perhaps owing to the still‐high barrier to entry, the full range of capabilities of laser‐driven 4D UEM instruments has yet to be established, particularly when operated at extremely low beam currents (~fA). Accordingly, with an eye on beam stability, we have conducted particle tracing simulations of unconventional off‐axis photoemission geometries in a UEM equipped with a thermionic‐emission gun. Specifically, we have explored the impact of experimentally adjustable parameters on the time‐of‐flight (TOF), the collection efficiency (CE), and the temporal width of ultrashort photoelectron packets. The adjustable parameters include the Wehnelt aperture diameter (DW), the cathode set‐back position (Ztip), and the position of the femtosecond laser on the Wehnelt aperture surface relative to the optic axis (Rphoto). Notable findings include significant sensitivity of TOF to DW and Ztip, as well as non‐intuitive responses of CE and temporal width to varying Rphoto. As a means to improve accessibility, practical implications and recommendations are emphasized wherever possible.
Facile and Versatile Mechanochemical Synthesis of Indigoid Photoswitches
Authors: Llamosi Arturo , Danylyuk Oksana , Szumna Agnieszka 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe demonstrate the application of mechanochemistry in the synthesis of indolone‐based photoswitches (hemiindigos, hemithioindigos, and oxindoles) via Knoevenagel condensation reactions. Utilizing ball‐milling and an organic base (piperidine) acting as catalyst and solvent for liquid assisted grinding (LAG) conditions, we achieve rapid, solvent‐free transformations, obtaining a set of known and previously unreported photoswitches, including highly functional amino acid–based photoswitches, multichromophoric derivatives and photoswitchable cavitands based on resorcin[4]arenes. The reaction under mechanochemical conditions gives moderate‐to‐high yields and is highly stereoselective leading to Z‐isomers of hemiindigos and hemithioindigos and E‐isomers of oxindoles. For selected examples, reversible visible‐light photoswiching properties have been demonstrated.
GTD‐CER: Game‐Theoretic Dynamic Clustering for Enhanced Efficiency and Reliability in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Vargheese M. , Sankarasubramanian R. S. , Vijayalakshmi B. , Keerthanadevi R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEfficient cluster formation is a significant issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for optimizing energy consumption, enhancing data reliability, and prolonging network lifetime. This paper proposes a dynamic cluster formation scheme modeled as a noncooperative game, where each sensor node acts as a player making strategic decisions on whether to become a cluster head (CH) or remain a member node (MN). In this role selection decision‐making phase, nodes evaluate their potential utility function, which incorporates energy consumption, data reliability, and data forwarding efficiency. Nodes dynamically switch roles based on their utility to achieve an optimal network configuration. Simulations conducted using the NS‐3 network simulator demonstrate that the proposed game theory‐based clustering scheme significantly improves network performance. We analyze key measures like energy consumption, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and data forwarding, and the results shows that the proposed scheme reduces energy consumption by 25%, improves PDR by 15%, and extends the network lifetime by 20%, compared to traditional methods. The dynamic role‐switching mechanism prolongs network lifetime by preventing the rapid depletion of node energy, ensuring stable and efficient network operations. It significantly enhances network performance, stability, and longevity.
Controlled Synthesis of α‐Mono‐ and α,α‐Di‐Halogenated Ketones Through Coupling of Halogenated Diboromethanes with Carboxylic Acid Esters
Authors: Wu Chenxu , Xu Liangxuan , Ren Bowen , Lu Jianmei , Liu Chao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHalogenated gem‐diboron reagents, as structurally unique gem‐diborylalkanes, are crucial in organic synthesis chemistry. Herein, we report a strategy with controlled synthesis of α‐mono‐ and α,α‐di‐halogenated ketones through nucleophilic addition reaction of halogenated diboromethanes with carboxylic acid esters. The substrate scope is broad and the nucleophilic addition reaction proceeds from a diverse range of carboxylic acid esters with bromo‐ or chloro‐diborylmethanes. Moreover, an intriguing heterocyclic compound has been serendipitously synthesized as well.
Influence of Low‐Grade Solid Potash Mineral Composition on Potassium Extraction and Lithium Distribution During Solution Mining in Mahai Salt Lake, Qaidam Basin
Authors: Long Pengyu , Zhao Xianfu , Zhao Yanjun , Woo Ik , Du Jiangmin , Wang Zhaoxu , Hu Yufei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAs high‐grade potash resources become increasingly scarce and lithium is recognised as a valuable co‐product, the low‐grade solid potash deposits in the Mahai Salt Lake, Qaidam Basin, have become increasingly significant targets for potash resource development. However, the inefficient release of potassium from these low‐grade ores constrains their economic feasibility for industrial use. This study addresses this challenge by employing x‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS), and observational borehole monitoring data to systematically analyse the mineralogical characteristics of these ores and their influence on potassium ion release during solid–liquid conversion. The results identify carnallite, sylvite, and polyhalite as the primary potash minerals, with a significant spatial variations across the study area that directly impact potassium ion release and migration. Sylvite and carnallite in shallow strata are more reactive with solvents, facilitating rapid potassium ion release, whereas polyhalite, hosted within the intercrystalline clastic materials of halite, demonstrates limited pore connectivity, resulting in a slower release rate. Monitoring borehole data indicate that variations in solvent injection volumes cause significant fluctuations in water levels and potassium ion concentrations, thereby affecting potash dissolution rates. As solution mining progresses, high‐lithium areas gradually expand, with lithium concentrations in brine reaching up to 120.4 mg/L and generally ranging from 20 to 70 mg/L. The spatial correlation between potassium and lithium distribution suggests that lithium can be effectively recovered as a co‐product. Adjustments in solvent injection rates and concentrations, based on mineral distribution and monitoring data, are essential for optimising the dissolution efficiency of both potassium and lithium during production.
Impact of diagnostic testing on outcomes of children with rumination syndrome
Authors: Khoo Janice S. , Kroon Van Diest Ashley M. , Yang Dennis , Sabella Julia , Puri Neetu Bali , Vaz Karla , Yacob Desale , Di Lorenzo Carlo , Lu Peter L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesRumination syndrome (RS) is diagnosed based on clinical criteria with or without diagnostic testing showing characteristic findings on antroduodenal manometry (ADM), high‐resolution esophageal manometry (HREM), and multichannel intraluminal impedance‐pH testing (MII‐pH). The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between diagnostic testing and clinical outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of children with RS evaluated at our institution. Patients were divided into two groups: those with confirmatory diagnostic testing for rumination based on ADM, HREM, and/or MII‐pH, and those without. We compared response to treatment based on the proportion no longer having vomiting at follow‐up and no longer needing supplemental nutrition.ResultsWe included 152 children (60% female, median age of diagnosis 13 years, interquartile range 8–15 years) with RS. 22 patients (14%) had diagnostic testing that confirmed RS. At baseline, there was no statistical difference in the percentage of patients who had overt vomiting (p = 0.311), however, the confirmatory testing group was more likely to need supplemental nutrition (p ≤ 0.001) and to receive intensive treatment (p < 0.001). After treatment, the proportion of patients without vomiting increased in both groups without a statistically significant difference between the two groups. There were also no significant differences in likelihood of reporting improvement in symptoms or needing supplemental nutrition.ConclusionsChildren with RS who had confirmatory diagnostic testing were equally likely to no longer have vomiting after treatment when compared to those without confirmatory testing. Future studies are needed to account for potential differences in baseline severity between groups.
The change of alanine aminotransferase distributions among US youths, NHANES 1988–2020
Authors: Mallhi Arshpreet Kaur , Kiely Keagan , Roy Victoria , Ovchinsky Nadia , Woo Baidal Jennifer A. , Rochani Haresh , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesThe trend of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a biomarker of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease), remains poorly described for the pediatric population because no widely accepted cutoffs are available to categorize ALT value. We described the nuanced changes in the distribution of ALT continuous values.Study DesignWe analyzed the data from 15,702 adolescents aged 12–19 who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys between 1988 and 2020. The ALT distributions were standardized for age and sex. The prevalence of elevated ALT was also assessed.ResultsThe ALT geometric mean increased from 11.82 U/L in 1988–1994 to 17.24 U/L in 1999–2004, stayed above 17 U/L for a decade, and then decreased to 14.04 U/L in 2017–2020 (p for the quadratic trend <0.001). However, the 95th percentile of the ALT distribution remained above 35 U/L by the end of the study period after jumping from 26.02 U/L in 1988–1994 to 33.83 U/L in 1999–2004. The prevalence of elevated ALT (>42 U/L in boys and 30 U/L in girls), doubled from 1.53% (0.87%–2.19%) in 1988–1994 to 3.49% (2.73%–4.25%) in 1999–2004, and lingered around 4% through 2020.ConclusionsThe ALT mean decreased in recent years, but the prevalence of elevated ALT remained persistently high. Population‐wide reductions in fructose consumption may have contributed to the decrease in ALT mean. The stagnant right end of the distribution, manifesting as the high prevalence of elevated ALT, calls for intensified clinical prevention.
Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Perioperative Morbidity in Combined Resection of Rectal Cancer and Liver Metastases
Authors: Done Joy Z. , Papanikolaou Angelos , Stem Miloslawa , Radomski Shannon N. , Chen Sophia Y. , Maturi Jay R. , Atallah Chady , Safar Bashar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesLittle is known about the relationship between neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and perioperative morbidity for patients undergoing combined resection of rectal cancer and sLM. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of NAC on 30‐day morbidity for patients who undergo combined resection of primary rectal cancer and sLM.Materials and MethodsA retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing combined resection of primary rectal cancer and sLM between 2016 and 2020 at participating NSQIP hospitals. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between NAC and 30‐day morbidity rates.ResultsAmong 878 patients who underwent combined resection of primary rectal cancer and sLM, 672 (76.54%) received NAC. There were no significant differences in the rates of 30‐day overall morbidity between patients who received NAC and those who did not (37.65% vs. 37.68%, p = 0.95). On adjusted analysis, there was no association between receipt of NAC and rates of overall morbidity (adjusted OR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.78−1.56, p = 0.95).ConclusionsThe receipt of NAC does not appear to be associated with increased perioperative morbidity in patients undergoing combined resection of primary rectal cancer and sLM.
Household Exposure to Substance Abuse and the Risk of New Persistent Opioid Use After Cancer Surgery
Authors: Khalil Mujtaba , Woldesenbet Selamawit , Shaw Shreya , Zindani Shahzaib , Rashid Zayed , Altaf Abdullah , Thammachack Razeen , Husain Syed , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHousehold‐level factors may also influence the risk of new persistent opioid use (NPOU). We sought to assess the risk of NPOU among individuals with household exposure to substance abuse.MethodsOpioid‐naïve individuals who underwent oncological procedures were identified using the IBM MarketScan database. Multivariable regression equations were used to assess the association between household exposure to substance abuse and NPOU.ResultsAmong 10 557 individuals 4.9% (n = 520) had a family history of substance abuse. Patients with a family history of substance abuse were more likely to use opioids during the perioperative (85.0% vs. 78.8%) and postoperative periods (40.2% vs. 34.1%) (both p < 0.05). Moreover, perioperative (300 MME [IQR: 450–200] vs. 250 MME [IQR: 150–435]) and postoperative (525 MME [IQR: 1348–225] vs. 350 MME [IQR: 150–850]) opioid dose was also higher among patients with a family history of substance abuse (both p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, patients with family history of substance abuse had 37% (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.07–1.75) higher odds of NPOU.ConclusionAmong opioid‐naïve individuals undergoing oncological procedures, a family history of substance abuse is associated with NPOU. Patients should be screened for household‐level factors before prescribing opioids for perioperative use.
Multiscale Sensitivity Analysis of Landscape Fragmentation in Plantation Forests on the Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Mei , Liu Peng , Liu Ke , Zhao Zhong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEffectively quantifying plantation forest fragmentation is crucial for vegetation restoration and management on the Loess Plateau. Forest area density (FAD) effectively measures fragmentation, with multiscale sensitivity analysis essential for determining the appropriate window scale threshold. This study uses plantation forest data from different geomorphological types (hilly gully and plateau gully region) of the Loess Plateau. Various window sizes are applied to evaluate the FAD threshold curve and its derivative for determining a stable fragmentation threshold, while a structural equation model is employed to analyze the drivers of forest fragmentation. The results are as follows: (1) FAD variability decreases with increasing window size, leveling off after reaching the threshold. (2) Thresholds vary by forest type and county. (3) Two principal components explain 81.27% of the window stabilization threshold variation, with strong correlations between similar fragmentation types. (4) Fragmentation slowed between 2000 and 2022, with hilly gully region more fragmented than plateau gully region. (5) Stand structure mitigates fragmentation, with topographic and climate change influences showing heterogeneity. “Core” maintain stability, while “Islet” drive fragmentation. This study emphasizes the importance of scale‐specific analysis and adaptive management strategies in mitigating forest fragmentation. This study supports optimizing ecological restoration and targeted conservation strategies, promoting sustainable forest management on the Loess Plateau.
Assembly Processes Underlying Biotic Homogenization of Soil Microbial Communities in an Urban Ecosystem
Authors: Liu Lan , Zhang Zhaochen , Wang Meng , Wang Xin , Zhang Ran , Li Junxiang , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUrbanization is known to cause biotic homogenization, but the processes controlling biotic homogenization are not well understood. Here, we analyzed microbial communities from 258 soil samples covering the large landscape heterogeneity of the entire Shanghai megacity. We measured the urbanization intensity by incorporating habitat fragmentation, connectivity, and distance to the city center. We determined the extent to which bacterial and fungal community composition varied with urbanization intensity and how different assembly processes contributed to the variations. We found significantly positive effects of urbanization on the compositional homogenization of bacteria and fungi, and the proportions of generalists and specialists were significantly related to homogenization. Dispersal and ecological drift explained at least 60% of bacterial and fungal compositional variations, with increased influences of dispersal and ecological drift reducing the specialists. Environmental variables explained < 28% of compositional variations, and higher urbanization intensity led to a simplified co‐occurrence network and an increased proportion of generalists in the network. These results indicate that dispersal and ecological drift homogenized soil microbial communities in the city by shifting the proportions of generalist and specialist microbes, with weak effects from environmental selection. Therefore, to conserve urban biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in the face of complex human impacts, management strategies should consider not only environmental conditions but also influences of dispersal and drift, as well as species habitat preferences, to increase the effectiveness of management actions.