bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long Hallucal Tendon Force Vectors and First Metatarsophalangeal Deformity After Hallux Valgus Surgery
Authors: Kim Minsoo , Lee Ho Seong , Choi Young Rak , Kim Jeongho , Chee Choong Guen , Hong Sang Hyup 
Published: January 2023

Background: Recurrence is one of the most common complications following hallux valgus surgery. Moreover, hallux varus occurs in cases of overcorrection. We aimed to quantitatively measure, using radiographic examination, the dynamics of the soft tissues that act on deformities (recurrence of valgus and occurrence of varus) after the surgery. Methods: This retrospective single-institution study included 60 patients (98 feet) who underwent hallux valgus surgery between 2009 and 2018. According to radiographic findings of the foot under weightbearing conditions at postoperative month 1, we examined the tendons’ pathway and calculated the forces on the first metatarsophalangeal joint, which we termed the deformity force angle (DFA). We compared whether there was a significant difference in DFAs between the groups in which deformities occurred and those in which deformities did not occur after correction. In addition, the DFA was compared to known radiographic measurements of hallux valgus recurrence (hallux valgus angle, distal metatarsal articular angle, intermetatarsal angle, and sesamoid position) to assess association with recurrence. Results: We observed a significant difference in the DFA between patients with and without hallux valgus recurrence ( P < .001) and between those with and without hallux varus ( P < .001) based on standing radiographs taken at a minimum of 6 months postoperation. For predicting the deformities, the areas under the curve were 0.863 (hallux valgus recurrence) and 0.831 (hallux varus occurrence), respectively, which was greater than other factors evaluated. The DFA values greater than 9.5 degrees and less than 5.5 degrees were associated with the recurrence of valgus and occurrence of varus, respectively. Conclusion: In our study, DFA was associated with hallux valgus recurrence when it exceeded 9.5 degrees and hallux varus when it was less than 5.5 degrees. Moreover, in the hallux valgus surgery we performed, a DFA from 5.5 to 9.5 degrees appeared to be a “safe zone” for preventing early deformity after surgery. Level of Evidence: Level III, prognostic.
Comparing the diagnostic performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus with QFT-GIT, T-SPOT.TB and TST: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhou Guozhong , Shi Wei , Shi Weili , Hu Meijun , Kong Defu , Long Rong , He Jian , Chen Nan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundQuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) is an important test that has emerged in recent years for detecting TB infection. We conducted a review to compare the sensitivity, specificity and positive rate of QFT-Plus with that of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT), T-cell spot of tuberculosis assay (T-SPOT.TB) and Tuberculin test (TST).MethodsPubMed and Embase were searched, without language restrictions, from 1 January 2015 to 31 March 2022 using “Mycobacterium tuberculosisInfections” and “QuantiFERON-TB-Plus” as search phrases. We estimated the sensitivity from studies of patients with active tuberculosis, specificity from studies of populations with very low risk of TB exposure, and positive rate from studies of high-risk populations. The methodological quality of the eligible studies was assessed, and a random-effects model meta-analysis was used to determine the risk difference (RD). We assessed the pooled rate by using a random-effects model. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD 42021267432).ResultsOf 3996 studies, 83 were eligible for full-text screening and 41 were included in the meta-analysis. In patients with active TB, the sensitivity of QFT-Plus was compared to that of QFT-GIT and T-SPOT.TB, respectively, and no statistically differences were found. In populations with a very low risk of TB exposure, the specificity of QFT-Plus was compared with that of QFT-GTI and T-SPOT.TB, respectively, and no statistically differences were found. Two studies were eligible to compare the specificity of the QFT-Plus test with that of the TST test, and the pooled RD was 0.12 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.22). In high-risk populations, 18 studies were eligible to compare the positive rate of the QFT-Plus test with that of the QFT-GIT test, and the pooled RD was 0.02 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.03). The positive rate of QFT-Plus was compared with that of T-SPOT.TB and TST groups, and no statistically differences were found.ConclusionsThe diagnostic performance of QFT-Plus was similar to that of QFT-GIT and T-SPOT.TB, but was slightly more specific than TST.
Experiences of family members when a parent is hospitalized for their mental illness: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Reupert Andrea , Tchernegovski Phillip , Chen Lingling , Huddle Maddison 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
A considerable proportion of people attending mental health services are parents with dependent children. Parental mental illness can be challenging for all family members including the parent’s children and partner. The hospitalization of the parent and subsequent separation from dependent children may be a particularly challenging time for all family members. The aim of this paper was to review qualitative studies of family members’ experiences when parents, who have dependent children, were hospitalized for their mental illness. The experiences of parents themselves, their children aged 0–18 (including retrospective accounts of adults describing their childhoods), and other family members are included.

Methods
This systematic review followed Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA guidelines. A search was performed with keywords relating to parents, mental illness, psychiatric treatment, inpatient units, family members and experiences. Databases included CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, ProQuest, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus. Quality assessment was undertaken using an expanded version of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Thematic synthesis was conducted on the included papers.

Results
Eight papers were identified. The quality assessment was rated as high in some papers, in terms of the clarity of research aims, justification of the methodology employed, recruitment strategy and consideration of ethics. In others, the study design, inclusion criteria and reporting of participant demographics were unclear. Family experiences of pressure and additional responsibilities associated with the parent receiving inpatient treatment were identified along with the family’s need for psychoeducational information, and guidance when visiting the parent in hospital. Children expressed various emotions and the need to connect with others. The final theme related to adverse impacts on the parent–child bond when the parent was hospitalized.

Conclusion
The limited research in this area indicates that the needs of families are not being met when a parent is hospitalized for their mental illness. There is a considerable need for adequate models of care, family-focused training for staff, and psychoeducational resources for families. Additional research in this area is essential to understand the experiences of different family members during this vulnerable time.
A qualitative exploration of the experiences of peer leaders in an intervention to improve diabetes medication adherence in African Americans
Authors: Tarfa Adati , Nordin Jenna , Mott Mattigan , Maurer Martha , Shiyanbola Olayinka 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAfrican Americans chronically managing their diabetes benefit from receiving support from peers with shared experiences. Peer support is known to improve the well-being of individuals receiving support, however, there is limited literature on the experiences of those providing the support. The Peers Supporting Health Literacy, Self-efficacy, Self-Advocacy, and Adherence (Peers LEAD) program pairs Peer Ambassadors who are adherent to their diabetes medication, with Peer Buddies who need support with their medication adherence. Peer Ambassadors engage with Peer Buddies as they receive diabetes information, develop the skills and motivation to address identified psychosocial/sociocultural issues to enhance their diabetes medication adherence. This study qualitatively explores the experiences of African Americans who provided peer support in the Peers LEAD medication adherence intervention.MethodsTwo focus groups were conducted with twelve Peer Ambassadors to explore their experiences of providing peer support in the Peers LEAD medication adherence intervention. Qualitative content analysis was conducted using an inductive open coding approach.ResultsEmergent themes provided insight into Peer Ambassador’ rationale for providing peer support and the benefits and challenges they experienced in their roles. Themes regarding their rationale included: their desire to receive support for their diabetes self-management as well as to contribute to their communities in reducing the stigma associated with diabetes. The perceived benefits they gained centered on creating interpersonal connections, experiencing personal growth as they adapted to their roles, and experiencing opportunities to contribute to an intervention regardless of professional training. Peer Ambassadors reflected on the challenges which included difficulties on coming to terms with their role as Peer Ambassadors, seeing African Americans experience complications associated with diabetes, and navigating supporting Peer Buddies who are also burdened with the challenges their family members are experiencing with managing their diabetes.ConclusionsThis study provides unique insight to what motivates individuals to provide peer support and what they gain from these experiences despite the challenges. Understanding the experiences of peers participating in such interventions may help inform the structure and content of programs that use peer support to focus on the benefits of and the motivation for participating in the program.
Human papilloma virus infection and its associated risk for cervical lesions: a cross-sectional study in Putuo area of Shanghai, China
Authors: Luan Haiping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the human papilloma virus (HPV) infection status, main subtypes and age distribution characteristics of women in the Putuo area of Shanghai.

Methods
A total of 13,936 subjects were enrolled in this study. These subjects were 15–89 years old, with a mean age of 41.68. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology was used to detect 21 types of HPV.

Results
A total of 2,500 subjects with HPV infections were detected in 13,936 cervical exfoliated cell specimens (total infection rate 17.9%). There were 15 people aged below 20,486 people aged 21-30,876 people aged 31-40,484 people aged 41–50, 338 people aged 51–60, and 301 people aged > 60. In total, 1,893 (75.7%) subjects had a single type of HPV infection, 424 (16.9%) had a double infection, and 183 had triple or more infections (7.4%). The top 6 subtypes of HPV infection in the Shanghai Putuo District were HPV 52 (3.81%), HPV 58 (2.46%), HPV 16 (2.43%), HPV 53 (2.30%), HPV 81 (1.74%) and HPV 39 (1.5%). The number of high-risk HPV infections was 1,978, and the total infection rate was 14.19%. The number of intermediate-risk HPV infections was 578, and the total infection rate was 4.15%. The number of low-risk HPV infections was 338, and the total infection rate was 2.43%.

Conclusion
The top 3 populations with HPV infection rates in the Putuo District, Shanghai, were ≤ 20 years old, older than 60, and 21–30 years old. The infection rate of HPV in cervical outpatient clinics was significantly higher than that of other departments. The 9-valent vaccine is recommended for HPV vaccination in this area.
Automatic medical specialty classification based on patients’ description of their symptoms
Authors: Mao Chao , Zhu Quanjing , Chen Rong , Su Weifeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn China, patients usually determine their medical specialty before they register the corresponding specialists in the hospitals. This process usually requires a lot of medical knowledge for the patients. As a result, many patients do not register the correct specialty for the first time if they do not receive help from the hospitals. In this study, we try to automatically direct the patients to the appropriate specialty based on the symptoms they described. As far as we know, this is the first study to solve the problem. We propose a neural network-based model based on a hybrid model integrated with an attention mechanism. To prove the actual effect of this hybrid model, we utilized a data set of more than 40,000 items, including eight departments, such as Otorhinolaryngology, Pediatrics, and other common departments. The experiment results show that the hybrid model achieves more than 93.5% accuracy and has a high generalization capacity, which is superior to traditional classification models.
Feasibility and acceptability of integrating hepatitis B care into routine HIV services: a qualitative study among health care providers and patients in West Nile region, Uganda
Authors: Mutyoba Joan Nankya , Wandera Claude , Ejalu David , Seremba Emmanuel , Beyagira Rachel , Amandua Jacinto , Mugagga Kaggwa , Kambugu Andrew , Muganzi Alex , Easterbrook Philippa , Ocama Ponsiano 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite facing a dual burden of HBV and HIV, Africa lacks experience in offering integrated care for HIV and HBV. To contextualize individual and group-level feasibility and acceptability of an integrated HIV/HBV care model, we explored perspectives of health care providers and care recipients on feasibility and acceptability of integration.

Methods
In two regional hospitals of West Nile region, we performed a demonstration project to assess feasibility and acceptability of merging the care of HBV-monoinfected patients with existing HIV care system. Using interviews with health care providers as key informants, and 6 focus groups discussions with 3 groups of patients, we explored feasibility [(i)whether integration is perceived to fit within the existing healthcare infrastructure, (ii) perceived ease of implementation of HIV/HBV integrated care, and (iii) perceived sustainability of integration] and acceptability [whether the HIV/HBV care model is perceived as (i) suitable, (ii) satisfying and attractive (iii) there is perceived demand, need and intention to recommend its use]. We audio-recorded the interviews and data was analysed using framework analysis.

Results
The following themes emerged from the data (i) integrating HBV into HIV care is perceived to be feasible, fit and beneficial, after making requisite adjustments (ii) integration is acceptable due to the need for both free treatment and anticipated collaboration between HIV and HBV clients in terms of peer-support (iii) there are concerns about the likely rise in stigma and the lack of community awareness about integrated care.

Conclusion
The integrated HIV/HBV care model is feasible and acceptable among both providers and recipients. Necessary adjustments to the existing care system, including training, for community sensitization on the reasons and significance of integration are required.
Invert emulsions alleviate biotic interactions in bacterial mixed culture
Authors: Dijamentiuk Alexis , Mangavel Cécile , Elfassy Annelore , Michaux Florentin , Burgain Jennifer , Rondags Emmanuel , Delaunay Stéphane , Ferrigno Sandie , Revol-Junelles Anne-Marie , Borges Frédéric 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe large application potential of microbiomes has led to a great need for mixed culture methods. However, microbial interactions can compromise the maintenance of biodiversity during cultivation in a reactor. In particular, competition among species can lead to a strong disequilibrium in favor of the fittest microorganism. In this study, an invert emulsion system was designed by dispersing culture medium in a mixture of sunflower oil and the surfactant PGPR. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that this system allowed to segregate microorganisms in independent droplets. Granulomorphometric analysis showed that the invert emulsion remains stable during at least 24 h, and that the introduction of bacteria did not have a significant impact on the structure of the invert emulsion. A two-strain antagonistic model demonstrated that this invert emulsion system allows the propagation of two strains without the exclusion of the less-fit bacterium. The monitoring of single-strain cultures of bacteria representative of a cheese microbiota revealed that all but Brevibacterium linens were able to grow. A consortium consisting of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Staphylococcus xylosus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Carnobacterium maltaromaticum was successfully cultivated without detectable biotic interactions. Metabarcoding analysis revealed that the system allowed a better maintenance of alpha diversity and produced a propagated bacterial consortium characterized by a structure closer to the initial state compared to non-emulsified medium. This culture system could be an important tool in the field of microbial community engineering.
Biomechanical effects of hybrid constructions in the treatment of noncontinuous cervical spondylopathy: a finite element analysis
Authors: Sun Xiangyao , Zhang Qingming , Cao Li , Wang Juyong , Huang Jiang , Liu Yuqi , Zhang Yang , Song Zelong , Tang Wei , Chen Yunqiang , Sun Siyuan , Lu Shibao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Hybrid construction (HC) may be an ideal surgical strategy than noncontinuous total disc replacement (TDR) and noncontinuous anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in the treatment of noncontinuous cervical spondylopathy. However, there is still no consensus on the segmental selection for ACDF or TDR in HC. The study aims to analyse the effects of different segment selection of TDR and ACDF on cervical biomechanical characteristics after HC surgery.

Methods
Twelve FEMs of C2–C7 were constructed based on CT images of 12 mild cervical spondylopathy volunteers. Two kinds of HC were introduced in our study: Fusion-arthroplasty group (Group 1), upper-level (C3/4) ACDF, and lower-level TDR (C5/6); Arthroplasty-fusion group (Group 2), upper-level (C3/4) TDR and lower-level ACDF (C5/6). The follow-load technique was simulated by applying an axial initial load of 73.6 N through the motion centre of FEM. A bending moment of 1.0 Nm was applied to the centre of C2 in all FEMs. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS 26.0. The significance threshold was 5% (P < 0.05).

Results
In the comparison of ROMs between Group 1 and Group 2, the ROM in extension (P = 0.016), and lateral bending (P = 0.038) of C4/5 were significantly higher in Group 1 group. The average intervertebral disc pressures at C2/3 in all directions were significantly higher in Group 1 than those in Group 2 (P < 0.005). The average contact forces in facet joints of C2/3 (P = 0.007) were significantly more than that in Group 2; however, the average contact forces in facet joints of C6/7 (P < 0.001) in Group 1 group were significantly less than that in Group 2.

Conclusions
Arthroplasty-fusion is preferred for intervertebral disc degeneration in adjacent upper segments. Fusion-arthroplasty is preferred for patients with lower intervertebral disc degeneration or lower posterior column degeneration.
Trial registration: This research was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900020513).
Impact of smoking on the outcomes of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass
Authors: Shahin Youssef , Gofus Ján , Harrer Jan , Šorm Zdeněk , Voborník Martin , Čermáková Eva , Smolák Petr , Vojáček Jan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Tobacco smoking has been associated with an increased risk of complications after conventional coronary surgery. However, the impact of smoking on the risk of postoperative complications in minimally invasive coronary surgery is yet to be studied. We aimed to analyze the impact of the preoperative smoking status on the short- and long-term outcomes of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB) in the context of isolated surgical revascularization or in association with percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods
This was a retrospective observational study of all patients undergoing MIDCAB at our institution between 2006 and 2020. Patients were divided into three groups: active smokers, ex-smokers who have quit smoking for at least 1 month before surgery, and non-smokers. The groups were compared using conventional statistical methods. Multivariate analysis was then performed where significant differences were found to eliminate bias.

Results
Throughout the study period, 541 patients underwent MIDCAB, of which 135 (25%) were active smokers, 183 (34%) were ex-smokers, and 223 (41%) were non-smokers. Smokers presented for surgery at a younger age (p < 0.0001), more frequently with a history of myocardial infarction (p < 0.001), peripheral artery disease (p < 0.001) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p < 0.0001). Using multivariate analysis, active smoking was determined to be a significant risk factor for the need of urgent revascularization (odds ratio 2.36 [1.00–5.56], p = 0.049) and the composite of pulmonary complications (including pneumothorax, respiratory infection, respiratory dysfunction, subcutaneous emphysema and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; odds ratio 2.84 [1.64–4.94], p < 0.001). Preoperative smoking status did not influence the long-term survival (p = 0.83).

Conclusions
In our study, active smokers presented for MIDCAB at a younger age and more often with signs of atherosclerotic disease (history of myocardial infarction and peripheral artery disease). Active smoking was found to be the most significant risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications, and is also associated with a more frequent need for urgent surgery at diagnosis. Long-term postoperative survival is not affected by the preoperative smoking status.
Global critical care: a call to action
Authors: Crawford Ana Maria , Shiferaw Ananya Abate , Ntambwe Papytcho , Milan Alexei Ortiz , Khalid Karima , Rubio Rodrigo , Nizeyimana Francoise , Ariza Fredy , Mohammed Alhassan Datti , Baker Tim , Banguti Paulin Ruhato , Madzimbamuto Farai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCritical care is underprioritized. A global call to action is needed to increase equitable access to care and the quality of care provided to critically ill patients. Current challenges to effective critical care in resource-constrained settings are many. Estimates of the burden of critical illness are extrapolated from common etiologies, but the true burden remains ill-defined. Measuring the burden of critical illness is epidemiologically challenging but is thought to be increasing. Resources, infrastructure, and training are inadequate. Millions die unnecessarily due to critical illness. Solutions start with the implementation of first-step, patient care fundamentals known as Essential Emergency and Critical Care. Such essential care stands to decrease critical-illness mortality, augment pandemic preparedness, decrease postoperative mortality, and decrease the need for advanced level care. The entire healthcare workforce must be trained in these fundamentals. Additionally, physician and nurse specialists trained in critical care are needed and must be retained as leaders of critical care initiatives, researchers, and teachers. Context-specific research is mandatory to ensure care is appropriate for the patient populations served, not just duplicated from high-resourced settings. Governments must increase healthcare spending and invest in capacity to treat critically ill patients. Advocacy at all levels is needed to achieve universal health coverage for critically ill patients.