bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning‐Based Acceleration of Compressed Sensing for Noncontrast‐Enhanced Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Wu Xi , Deng Liping , Li Wanjiang , Peng Pengfei , Yue Xun , Tang Lu , Pu Qian , Ming Yue , Zhang Xiaoyong , Huang Xiaohua , Chen Yucheng , Huang Juan , Sun Jiayu 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe clinical application of coronary MR angiography (MRA) remains limited due to its long acquisition time and often unsatisfactory image quality. A compressed sensing artificial intelligence (CSAI) framework was recently introduced to overcome these limitations, but its feasibility in coronary MRA is unknown.PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of noncontrast‐enhanced coronary MRA with CSAI in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).Study TypeProspective observational study.PopulationA total of 64 consecutive patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 59 ± 10 years, 48.4% females) with suspected CAD.Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0‐T, balanced steady‐state free precession sequence.AssessmentThree observers evaluated the image quality for 15 coronary segments of the right and left coronary arteries using a 5‐point scoring system (1 = not visible; 5 = excellent). Image scores ≥3 were considered diagnostic. Furthermore, the detection of CAD with ≥50% stenosis was evaluated in comparison to reference standard coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Mean acquisition times for CSAI‐based coronary MRA were measured.Statistical TestsFor each patient, vessel and segment, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of CSAI‐based coronary MRA for detecting CAD with ≥50% stenosis according to coronary CTA were calculated. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess the interobserver agreement.ResultsThe mean MR acquisition time ± SD was 8.1 ± 2.4 minutes. Twenty‐five (39.1%) patients had CAD with ≥50% stenosis on coronary CTA and 29 (45.3%) patients on MRA. A total of 885 segments on the CTA images and 818/885 (92.4%) coronary MRA segments were diagnostic (image score ≥3). The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were as follows: per patient (92.0%, 84.6%, and 87.5%), per vessel (82.9%, 93.4%, and 91.1%), and per segment (77.6%, 98.2%, and 96.6%), respectively. The ICCs for image quality and stenosis assessment were 0.76–0.99 and 0.66–1.00, respectively.Data ConclusionThe image quality and diagnostic performance of coronary MRA with CSAI may show good results in comparison to coronary CTA in patients with suspected CAD.Evidence Level1.Technical Efficacy2.
Sphondin efficiently blocks HBsAg production and cccDNA transcription through promoting HBx degradation
Authors: Ren Fang , Hu Junchi , Dang Yongjun , Deng Haijun , Ren Jihua , Cheng Shengtao , Tan Ming , Zhang Hui , He Xin , Yu Haibo , Zhang Juan , Zhang Zhenzhen , Chen Weixian , Hu Jieli , Cai Xuefei , Hu Yuan , Huang Ailong , Chen Juan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and seroconversion, which is considered as functional cure of chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, is rarely achieved even after long‐term antiviral treatments. Therefore, new antiviral strategies interfering with other HBV replication steps are required, especially those that could efficiently inhibit HBsAg production. Here, we identified novel anti‐HBV compounds that could potently block HBsAg expression from cccDNA by screening a natural compound library derived from Chinese traditional medical plants by a novel screening strategy. The combination of ELISA assay detecting the HBsAg and real‐time PCR detecting HBV RNAs as indicator for cccDNA transcriptional activity were used. The antiviral activity of a candidate compound and underlying mechanism were evaluated in HBV‐infected cells and a humanized liver mouse model. Herein, we selected a highly effective low‐cytotoxic compound sphondin, which could effectively inhibit both intracellular HBsAg production and HBV RNAs levels. Moreover, we found that sphondin markedly inhibited cccDNA transcriptional activity without affecting cccDNA level. Mechanistic study found sphondin preferentially bound to HBx protein by residue Arg72, which led to increased 26S proteasome‐mediated degradation of HBx. Sphondin treatment significantly reduced the recruitment of HBx to cccDNA, which subsequently led to inhibition of cccDNA transcription and HBsAg expression. The absence of HBx or R72A mutation potently abrogated the antiviral effect induced by sphondin in HBV‐infected cells. Collectively, sphondin may be considered as a novel and natural antiviral agent directly targeting HBx protein, which effectively inhibited cccDNA transcription and HBsAg expression.
Circulation pattern and genetic variation of human respiratory syncytial virus in China during 2008–2021
Authors: Song Jingjing , Zhu Zhen , Song Jinhua , Mao Naiying , Cui Aili , Xu Wenbo , Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo better understand the circulation pattern and genetic characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) in China during 2008–2021, a total of 3967 HVR2 sequences were obtained from 20 provinces in China for phylogenetic analysis and sequence variation analysis. The results showed that the HRSV subtype presented the prevalence pattern of “ABBAABAABAAABB.” Further genotyping identified seven genotypes for HRSVA and nine genotypes for HRSVB. Multiple genotypes of HRSV were cocirculating during 2008–2015, while ON1 and BA9 became the only predominant genotypes for HRSVA and HRSVB, respectively, since 2015. A genotype switch from NA1 to ON1 for HRSVA occurred in approximately 2014, while genotype BA9 of HRSVB had been the predominant genotype for at least 14 years. ON1 strains could be divided into four lineages with no temporal or geographical distribution tendency. In contrast, BA9 strains could be divided into three lineages with noticeable temporal clustering. Sequence variation analysis showed that two ON1 sequences in 2017 had 10 nucleotide deletion and compensatory extension at the C‐terminal; 15 BA9 sequences during 2019–2021 had novel insertions between K225 and E226, along with 6 identical amino acid variant sites. This study further enriched the genetic data of HRSV circulating in China and provided an important basis for the development of HRSV vaccines and drugs as well as the formulation of prevention and control strategies.
Ubiquitin E3 ligase β‐TrCP negatively regulates surface protein of hepatitis B virus
Authors: Tu Wenhui , Liu Jin , Qian Feng , Zhu Li , Li Ming , Zheng Hui , Zhu Chuanwu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChronic hepatitis B (CHB) still cannot be cured currently, while the pursuit of a functional cure seems to be an accessible goal, in which the condition mainly depends on the serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels. HBsAg may be downregulated by protein ubiquitination, which may facilitate finding a new potential intervention target for functional cure of CHB. We confirmed that β‐transducin repeat‐containing protein (β‐TrCP) was the E3 ubiquitin ligase of HBsAg. β‐TrCP specifically downregulated the expression of Myc‐HBsAg. The degradation of Myc‐HBsAg occurred via the proteasome pathway. Knockdown of β‐TrCP increased Myc‐HBsAg levels in HepG2 cells. The study further indicated that β‐TrCP could affect the K48‐linked polyubiquitin chain by acting on Myc‐HBsAg. The GS137G motif of HBsAg protein is required for β‐TrCP‐mediated degradation. Furthermore, we found that β‐TrCP could significantly inhibit both intracellular and extracellular HBsAg levels produced by pHBV‐1.3. Our study demonstrated that the E3 ubiquitin ligase β‐TrCP induces K48‐linked polyubiquitination of HBsAg, promotes the ubiquitination degradation of HBsAg, and downregulates intra‐ and extracellular HBsAg levels. Therefore, using the ubiquitination degradation pathway of HBsAg, it is possible to reduce HBsAg levels in CHB patients, which may be helpful in obtaining the goal of functional cure in the treatment of CHB patients.
Parainfluenza virus 5 is a next‐generation vaccine vector for human infectious pathogens
Authors: Wang Ting , Zheng Lilan , Zhao Qiujian , Yao Yazhou , Zhou Feng , Wei Fang , Cai Qiliang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractParainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) is a negative‐sense, single‐stranded RNA virus that can infect humans and many species of animals. Infection in these reservoir hosts is generally asymptomatic and has few safety concerns. Emerging evidence has shown that PIV5 is a promising vector for developing vaccines against human infectious diseases caused by coronaviruses, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rabies, HIV, or bacteria. In this review, we summarize recent progress and highlight the advantages and strategies of PIV5 as a vaccine vector to improve future vaccine design and application for clinical trials.
Classification of agricultural land consolidation types based on soil security to improve limiting factors adapted to local soil conditions
Authors: Zhao Rui , Zhang Xiaodan , Gabriel Jose Luis , Rodríguez Martín Jose Antonio , Wu Kening 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAgricultural land consolidation (ALC) is an effective tool to ensure national food security. The current ALC is a government‐led systematic behavior with regional characteristics, most ALC types are classified according to difficulty without considering the safety of soil systems, resulting in randomness in the site selection of projects. Given the soil complexity, ensuring soil security (SS) is a prerequisite for efficiently completing ALC. ALC that gives full play to the soil's functional advantages is an effective means of securing SS. The main goal of this study is to establish a new set of technical processes for classifying the types of ALC from the perspective of SS, including the agricultural SS evaluation system and the identification method of land‐improvable limiting factors. We used a generalized mean model to evaluate and analyze SS in multiple dimensions and identified 11 combinations of limiting factors in Wen County through the k‐means clustering method. The combination of the limiting factor clustering area with the SS spatial distribution patterns guided five ALC types. When compared using the spatial pattern comparison method, the new ALC guideline avoids the singularity of ALC types, selects the field patch as the evaluation and decision‐making unit, and improves the accuracy of land management measures. The results indicate that incorporating SS into ALC policy planning and decision‐making can provide complex and multifaceted knowledge of factors affecting SS, and potential solutions to make agricultural soils safer, enabling higher quality and sustainability of agricultural land use.
Impact of applicant and program factors on preference signaling outcomes in otolaryngology
Authors: Benjamin William J. , Lenze Nicholas R. , Yalamanchi Pratyusha , Farlow Janice L. , Mihalic Angela P. , Bohm Lauren A. , Thorne Marc C. , Kupfer Robbi A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the impact of applicant and program characteristics on preference signaling outcomes during the 2021 and 2022 application cycles in otolaryngology.MethodsThe Texas Seeking Transparency in Applications to Residency survey was used for otolaryngology applicants during the 2021 and 2022 match years. The primary outcome of interest was signal yield, defined as the number of interviews at signaled programs divided by the total number of signals sent. Associations with applicant‐reported characteristics, geographic connections to programs, and program reputation were assessed.ResultsOn average 59.5% of signals resulted in an interview (signal yield). There was a positive correlation between the number of signals sent to a program with a reported geographic connection and signal yield, with each additional signal resulting in a 3.4% increase in signal yield (p = .03). Signal yield was positively associated with number of publications (p < .001); number of abstracts, posters, and presentations (p = .04); and whether the applicant took a research year (p = .003). Applicants with higher USMLE Step 1 (p = .01) and Step 2 (p = .003) scores, publications (p = .03), volunteer (p = .008) and leadership (p = .001) experiences received a lower percentage of their total interviews from signaled programs whereas applicants from the 3rd (p < .001) and 4th (p = .03) cumulative class ranked quartiles received a higher percentage of their total interviews from signaled programs.ConclusionsSignal yield appears to have a significant association with geographic connections to programs and applicant competitiveness. This study may help applicants, advisors, and programs maximize the benefit of the preference signaling system.Levels of evidence: Level 4.
Jackson Heart Study: Aggregate cardiovascular disease risk and auditory profiles
Authors: Baiduc Rachael R. , Spankovich Christopher , Vu Thanh‐Huyen , Arteaga Alberto A. , Bishop Charles , Schweinfurth John M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesEvaluate the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and cochlear function in African Americans.MethodsRelationships between hearing loss, cochlear function, and CVD risk factors were assessed in a cross‐sectional analysis of 1106 Jackson Heart Study participants. Hearing loss was defined as puretone average (PTA0.5,1,2,4) > 15 dB HL. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were collected for f2 = 1.0–8.0 kHz. Two amplitude averages were computed: DPOAElow (f2 ≤ 4 kHz) and DPOAEhigh (f2 ≥ 6 kHz). Based on major CVD risk factors (diabetes, current smoking, total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or treatment, and systolic blood pressure [BP]/diastolic BP ≥ 140/≥90 mmHg or treatment), four risk groups were created: 0, 1, 2, and ≥3 risk factors. Logistic regression estimated the odds of hearing loss and absent/reduced DPOAElow and DPOAEhigh by CVD risk status adjusting for age, sex, education, BMI, vertigo, and noise exposure.ResultsWith multivariable adjustment, diabetes was associated with hearing loss (OR = 1.48 [95% CI: 1.04–2.10]). However, there was not a statistically significant relationship between CVD risk factors (individually or for overall risk) and DPOAEs.ConclusionDiabetes was associated with hearing loss. Neither individual CVD risk factors nor overall risk showed a relationship to cochlear dysfunction.Level of Evidence2b.
Effects of trace La addition on corrosion properties of oxygen‐free copper tube in a formic acid environment
Authors: Li Haihong , Li Deshan , Wang Zhongqi , Li Yang , Zhang Xintao , Wang Songwei , Liu Xiao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOxygen‐free copper (OFC) tubes are widely used in heat‐transfer units. Due to the thickness of the OFC tube wall becoming thinner and thinner, higher demands are put forward for its corrosion resistance properties. We investigated the effects of trace La addition on the corrosion properties of OFC tubes in a formic acid environment through experiments of vapor corrosion and electrochemical corrosion. Although a small number of La would exist on the grain boundaries of copper tubes, there was no apparent influence on the grain size of OFC tubes. In HCOOH vapor, La addition increased the compactness of corrosion product films, decreased the size of corrosion pits, and improved the corrosion properties of OFC tube. Furthermore, rare earth La purified copper matrix, decreased the cathode area of impurities and inhibited the cathode reaction. Electrochemical corrosion resistance properties of the OFC tube were improved by the addition of trace La.
Potential Repercussions of Offshore Wind Energy Development in the Northeast United States for the Atlantic Surfclam Survey and Population Assessment
Authors: Borsetti Sarah , Munroe Daphne M. , Scheld Andrew M. , Powell Eric N. , Klinck John M. , Hofmann Eileen E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Atlantic surfclam Spisula solidissima fishery, which spans the U.S. Northeast continental shelf, is among the most exposed to offshore wind energy development impacts because of the overlap of fishing grounds with wind energy lease areas, the hydraulic dredges used by the fishing vessels, and the location of vessel home ports relative to the fishing grounds. The Atlantic surfclam federal assessment survey is conducted using a commercial fishing vessel in locations that overlap with the offshore wind energy development. Once wind energy turbines, cables, and scour protection are installed, survey operations within wind energy lease areas may be curtailed or eliminated due to limits on vessel access, safety requirements, and assessment survey protocols. The impact of excluding the federal assessment survey from wind energy lease areas was investigated using a spatially explicit, agent-based modeling framework that integrates Atlantic surfclam stock biology, fishery captain and fleet behavior, and federal assessment survey and management decisions. Simulations were designed to compare assessment estimates of spawning stock biomass (SSB) and fishing mortality (F) for scenarios that excluded the survey from (1) wind energy lease areas or (2) wind energy lease areas and potential wind energy lease areas (“call areas”). For the most restricted scenario, the simulated stock assessment estimated 17% lower SSB relative to an unrestricted survey, placing it below the SSB target. The simulated F increased by 7% but was still less than the accepted F threshold. Changes in biological reference points were driven by the inability to access the Atlantic surfclam biomass within the wind energy lease areas. Deviations in reference points reflected the proportion of the population excluded from the survey. Excluding the Atlantic surfclam assessment surveys from the regions designated for offshore wind development can alter long-term stock assessments by increasing uncertainty in metrics that are used to set fishing quotas.
Duodenal alpha‐Synuclein Pathology and Enteric Gliosis in Advanced Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Emmi Aron , Sandre Michele , Russo Francesco Paolo , Tombesi Giulia , Garrì Federica , Campagnolo Marta , Carecchio Miryam , Biundo Roberta , Spolverato Gaya , Macchi Veronica , Savarino Edoardo , Farinati Fabio , Parchi Piero , Porzionato Andrea , Bubacco Luigi , De Caro Raffaele , Kovacs Gabor G. , Antonini Angelo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe role of the gut‐brain axis has been recently highlighted as a major contributor to Parkinson's disease (PD) physiopathology, with numerous studies investigating bidirectional transmission of pathological protein aggregates, such as α‐synuclein (αSyn). However, the extent and the characteristics of pathology in the enteric nervous system have not been fully investigated.ObjectiveWe characterized αSyn alterations and glial responses in duodenum biopsies of patients with PD by employing topography‐specific sampling and conformation‐specific αSyn antibodies.MethodsWe examined 18 patients with advanced PD who underwent Duodopa percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and jejunal tube procedure, 4 untreated patients with early PD (disease duration <5 years), and 18 age‐ and ‐sex‐matched healthy control subjects undergoing routine diagnostic endoscopy. A mean of four duodenal wall biopsies were sampled from each patient. Immunohistochemistry was performed for anti‐aggregated αSyn (5G4) and glial fibrillary acidic protein antibodies. Morphometrical semiquantitative analysis was performed to characterize αSyn‐5G4+ and glial fibrillary acidic protein–positive density and size.ResultsImmunoreactivity for aggregated α‐Syn was identified in all patients with PD (early and advanced) compared with controls. αSyn‐5G4+ colocalized with neuronal marker β‐III‐tubulin. Evaluation of enteric glial cells demonstrated an increased size and density when compared with controls, suggesting reactive gliosis.ConclusionsWe found evidence of synuclein pathology and gliosis in the duodenum of patients with PD, including early de novo cases. Future studies are required to evaluate how early in the disease process duodenal pathology occurs and its possible contribution to levodopa effect in chronic patients. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Sleep duration and timing are prospectively linked with insulin resistance during late adolescence
Authors: Jansen Erica C. , Burgess Helen J. , Chervin Ronald D. , Dolinoy Dana C. , Téllez‐Rojo Martha M. , Cantoral Alejandra , Olascoaga‐Torres Libni , Lee Joyce , Dunietz Galit Levi , O'Brien Louise M. , Peterson Karen E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether short sleep duration or later sleep timing is a risk factor for insulin resistance (IR) in late adolescence.MethodsMexico City adolescents enrolled in a longitudinal birth cohort (ELEMENT) took part in two study visits during peri‐puberty that occurred approximately 2 years apart. IR was assessed with serum glucose and insulin. Four groups were defined using puberty‐specific cut points: no IR over the follow‐up period, transition from normal to IR, transition from IR to normal, and IR at both time points. Baseline sleep assessments were measured with 7‐day wrist actigraphy. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between sleep duration and timing with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance categories, adjusting for age, sex, and baseline pubertal status.ResultsAdolescents who were ≥ 1 hour below the sleep duration recommendations‐for‐age were 2.74 times more likely to develop IR (95% CI: 1.0‐7.4). Similarly, adolescents who were in the latest category of sleep midpoint (>4:33 a.m.) were more likely than those with earliest midpoints (1 a.m.–3 a.m.) to develop IR (odds ratio = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.0‐6.7). Changes in adiposity over follow‐up did not mediate sleep and IR.ConclusionsInsufficient sleep duration and late sleep timing were associated with development of IR over a 2‐year period in late adolescence.
Anti‐hygroscopicity technologies for ammonium dinitramide: A review**
Authors: Tian Shichao , Wang Yinglei , Chen Xinjian , Hu Dongdong , Hu Yifei , Zheng Shuai , Zhou Zhiyong , Xiao Chuan , Ren Zhongqi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractValuable propellants have the characteristics of high impulse, low pollution, and strong stability, and oxidizers play a substantial role in determining the performance of propellants. Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is a relatively promising oxidizer due to its high‐energy and chlorine‐free characteristics. However, although ADN exhibits high energy performance compared with traditional oxidizers, the high hygroscopicity of ADN when exposed to high humidity restricts its broader application in solid propellants. This review highlights the necessity of utilizing anti‐hygroscopicity strategies with ADN to extend its application. The anti‐hygroscopicity mechanism of ADN is summarized by calculations and experimental results. Anti‐hygroscopicity technologies that can be used with ADN include prilling, surface coating, and co‐crystallization, and these technologies are comprehensively summarized herein. This review is intended to provide insight into the use of anti‐hygroscopicity technologies with ADN, highlight the challenges of these methods, and point out future development directions.