bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reappraisal of Quality Indicators in the Blood Center of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital - Are We Ready for Accreditation?
Authors: Mukherjee Gargi , Pramanik Parijat , Das Dipmala , Roy Asitava Deb 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
Ensuring quality in transfusion services has become an essential part of the hospital quality management system to provide safe blood supply to the patients. To assess the overall quality performance of our blood center, this study was conducted to evaluate the five mandatory quality indicators (QI) put forward by the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH) and make recommendations, if any, for improvement of the same.

Methods:
The five mandatory QIs (defined by NABH) were observed and monitored monthly for a period of 1 year from April 2019 to March 2020, information was gathered in a structured manner, root causes for any deviation were analyzed, and specific corrective and preventive actions were taken.

Results:
The overall performance was found to be satisfactory with the mean transfusion-transmitted infection % being 1.82%, mean transfusion reaction rate 0.30%, and mean wastage rate 13.5%. The turnaround time was maintained at 28.5 min for emergency cases and 141.38 min for routine. There was no case of component quality control failure during the study period.

Conclusion:
The study observed that by strictly following the quality parameters put forward by NABH, processes can be controlled in a manner that errors are avoided or kept at minimum. This, in turn, shall help in attaining higher levels of performance. The study concluded by putting forward few important recommendations.
High Yield of Minipool NAT in India using a Sensitive Multiplex Assay for Blood Donor Screening
Authors: Uppal Anju , Priya Parul , Sethi Jatinder P. 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
Nucleic acid amplification testing (nucleic acid testing [NAT]) for blood donor screening is increasingly being adopted in India to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted diseases. The high sensitivity of NAT enables testing of a large volume of donations in minipool format; reducing the costs of testing compared to individual donation testing. This study was aimed at evaluating the yield of minipool NAT testing for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in blood donors from Uttar Pradesh.

Methods:
Samples from routine blood donors collected between August 16, 2016, and December 31, 2020, that were seronegative for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV, syphilis, and malaria were further screened by NAT in pools of six donations (MP6) using the cobas TaqScreen MPX Test, version 2.0 (MPX2) on the cobas s 201 System. Members of reactive pools were tested to identify the reactive donation(s). Viral load testing was performed on randomly selected NAT-reactive samples.

Results:
Of 172,443 seronegative donors, 463 were NAT reactive: 369 HBV, 89 HCV, 2 HIV, and 3 co-infected with HBV and HCV. The overall NAT yield was 0.27%, with individual virus yield rates of 1/464 for HBV, 1/1874 for HCV, and 1/86,222 for HIV. Viral load testing of 19 HBV NAT-yield donations showed low concentrations in 16 samples and undetectable viral load in three; the two HCV NAT-yield donations tested had high viral loads.

Conclusion:
Screening of blood donations by minipool NAT using the highly sensitive MPX2 assay identified a high yield of serology negative, NAT-positive donations, including HBV reactive donations with low viral concentrations.
Clinical spectrum & changing presentation of celiac disease in Indian children
Authors: Lal Sadhna Bhasin , Venkatesh Vybhav , Aneja Aradhana , Seetharaman Keerthivasan , Kumar Yashwant , Prasad Kaushal Kishor , Rana Surinder Singh 
Published: August 2023

Background & objectives:
Celiac disease (CD) is a genetic immune mediated disorder characterised by gluten intolerance. This single centre study, from north India was aimed to assess the clinical, serological and histological profile of CD in a large cohort of children and the changing trends in its presentation.

Methods:
A review of clinical details of CD children diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 and currently on follow up was performed. Information on demography, symptoms, associated conditions, serology, biopsy findings and gluten-free diet were analyzed.

Results:
The mean age (±standard deviation) of 891 children included in the study, at onset and at diagnosis was 4.0±2.7 and 6.2±3.1 yr, respectively. Growth faltering, abdominal pain, abdominal distension and diarrhoea were presenting symptoms in 70, 64.2, 61.2 and 58.2 per cent, respectively. A positive family history of CD was present in 14 per cent and autoimmune conditions in 12.3 per cent of children. Thyroid disorders were seen in 8.5 per cent of children and Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in 5.7 per cent. The duration of breastfeeding had a weak positive correlation with age at onset and diagnosis of CD (P<0.001). Non-classical CD was significantly more common in children aged >10 yr and in those presenting after 2010 (P<0.01). T1DM and hypothyroidism occurred more frequently in non-compliant children.

Interpretation & conclusions:
This was the largest single centre study, pertaining to the presentation and follow up of CD in children. Infants and young children were more likely to present with classical symptoms of diarrhoea, abdominal distension and growth failure while older children presented with non-classical CD. There was a trend towards non-classical forms of CD in recent years.
SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence and Humoral Response to Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Senthilkumaran Guhan , Rajarathinam Vaishanavi D. , Govindarajan Srinivasaraman , Jibia V. S. , Balasubramanian Chelvamalai M. , Devaraju Prem K. , Murugesan Vinoj , Shankar P , Lamech Tanuj M. , Arumugam Venkatesh , Gopalakrishnan Natarajan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Patients of chronic kidney disease who are on maintenance hemodialysis represent a vulnerable population cohort that is susceptible to severe disease. Hence, it is of utmost importance to prioritize vaccination in this population and to assess their response to said vaccination.

Methods:
This prospective analytical study was conducted at the Institute of Nephrology, Madras Medical College, between August 2021 and February 2022. Patients of chronic kidney disease stage 5 dialysis (CKD5D) who were on maintenance hemodialysis and who consented to receive COVID-19 vaccine were studied. Serum samples were obtained before vaccination, ≥28 days after receiving the first dose of the vaccine, and ≥28 days after receiving the second dose. Antibody titers against the spike protein were estimated using the Roche chemiluminescent immunosorbent assay. Patients were grouped into non-responders/seronegative (<0.8 U/ml) and responders/seropositive (≥0.8 U/ml), with a value ≥250 U/ml considered as robust response.

Results:
A total of 96 patients were included. The mean age was 36.70 (±11.53) years and 77.1% of them were male. The median dialysis vintage was 2 (IQR: 0.95–5) years. Twelve patients (9.9%) had a prior COVID-19 infection. Sixty-seven (69.8%) patients had received Covaxin and 29 (30.2%) had received Covishield vaccines. Among the 17 patients who were seronegative at baseline, 4 (23.52%) became seropositive after the first dose of the vaccine, and 11 (64.7%) were seropositive after the second dose, with high titers (“robust response”) achieved in two patients (11.76%). No antibody response, despite two doses of the vaccine, was noted in six patients (35.29%).

Conclusion:
Our study showed a high baseline seropositivity rate, even prior to vaccination, which indicated a high rate of subclinical COVID infection. Among those who were seronegative at baseline, the seroconversion rate after two doses of Covaxin or Covishield was 64.70%.
Relationship between vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity and vancomycin trough concentration in older adults
Authors: Dai Ning , Jiang Chunyan , Wang Yunchao 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of the study is to investigate the risk factors of vancomycin-induced renal toxicity in older adults, especially in those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stages 3–5.

METHODS:
In this retrospective observational study, serum vancomycin trough concentrations (VTCs) in patients aged g65 years treated with vancomycin were analyzed, and independent risk factors of vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity (VIN) were determined by logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:
In total, 321 patients were included in this study. Serum VTC was an independent risk factor for vancomycin-induced renal toxicity in total cohort (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; P = 0.004) as well as in the cohort with CKD Stages 3–5 (OR, 1.09; P = 0.010). A daily dose of vancomycin and Charlson comorbidity index was an independent risk factor for vancomycin-induced renal toxicity in total cohort (OR, 3.63; P = 0.006) and in the cohort with CKD Stage 3–5 (OR, 1.83; P = 0.002), respectively. In older adults with CKD Stages 3a and 3b-5, the VTCs associated with higher risk for vancomycin-induced renal toxicity were 21.5 mg/L and 16.5 mg/L, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
In older adults, serum VTC is an independent risk factor for VIN. VTCs over 21.5 mg/L and 16.5 mg/L are associated with increased risk of VIN in this population with CKD Stage 3a and 3b-5, respectively.
Safety signals of albumin-bound paclitaxel
Authors: Wang Yuwei , Liu Xiao 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:
With the extensive application of paclitaxel for injection (albumin-bound), its adverse reactions have also received increasing attention.

AIM:
This study aims to provide a reference for the safe use of albumin-bound paclitaxel in clinical practice; adverse drug events signals of albumin-bound paclitaxel were reviewed and identified by data mining of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) adverse event reporting system (FAERS).

METHODS:
The reporting odds ratio method was used for the quantitative detection of signals from the data in the FDA public data program (OpenFDA) during 2004–2019 for the albumin-bound paclitaxel.

RESULTS:
According to the OpenFDA, 1659 adverse events (AEs) were identified for albumin-bound paclitaxel. AEs were mostly observed in females rather than males, aged 45–64 years. AEs involved 17 system organ classes, mainly blood and lymphatic, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal systems, and general AEs. Safety signals were found in 20 unexpected adverse drug reactions which are not listed on drug labels, mainly including macular edema and lymphopenia.

CONCLUSION:
Identifying and evaluating albumin-bound paclitaxel-associated AEs signals by mining FAERS may help evaluate the safety profiles of albumin-bound paclitaxel and reduce the risk of medical treatment. In the clinical application of albumin-bound paclitaxel in addition to the adverse reactions mentioned in the drug instructions, lymphocyte changes should be paid close attention to, and eye monitoring should be conducted regularly to avoid drug withdrawal or organ damage caused by adverse reactions.
Epidemiology and Clinical Pattern of Eczemas among Children and Adolescents – A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study in the Desert Region of Western India
Authors: Sivasankari M , Arora Sandeep , Dharmesh  , Vishnuprasad R , Kumar Magesh 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Eczemas in the pediatric age group are quite common. It has an impact not only on the child but also on the family. The chronicity and severity of these eczemas can affect the physical and mental growth of the child. Hence, the management includes medical treatment along with proper counseling of the patients and their family on the various precipitating/risk factors and their avoidance.

Objective:
The present study was conducted to evaluate the epidemiology and clinical pattern of various eczematous conditions occurring in children and adolescents in age group of 0–19 years in the dry desert areas of western India.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a hospital-based setting in a desert district of western India over 1 year from November 2018 to October 2019. A total of 362 children out of 1389 pediatric dermatoses had eczematous disorders during the study period. Their data were collected and analyzed.

Results:
Endogenous eczemas were common than exogenous eczemas. Atopic dermatitis (30.1%) was found to be the most common type of eczema in this desert region of India, followed by seborrheic dermatitis (21.5%) and pityriasis alba (15.5%).

Conclusions:
Atopic dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis were the most commonly observed eczemas among children and adolescents in a desert region of India.
Evaluating the Body Mass Index, Blood Glucose, and Serum Insulin in Adolescent Acne
Authors: Saha Barnita , Mendiratta Vibhu 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Acne is one of the most common skin diseases affecting the pilosebaceous unit that is seen in adolescents mainly. The pathogenesis is multifactorial. High glycemic food, milk and dairy products, and sedentary lifestyle lead to high body mass index (BMI) and high serum insulin levels. These ultimately converge on mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 activation, leading to acne genesis. There are few studies correlating the acne with BMI, serum insulin, and fasting blood glucose.

Aim:
To evaluate the BMI, fasting blood glucose, and serum insulin levels of adolescent acne vulgaris patients and compare it with controls.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred cases of acne vulgaris and age- and sex-matched controls were included in the study. Their BMI was calculated and fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels were measured.

Results:
Mean BMI, fasting blood glucose, and serum insulin were higher among cases than controls. All the outcomes were statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Dermatologists should also focus on improving the dietary and lifestyle in their acne patients, rather than just treating the disease per
se.
Relationship of personality, psychological distress, and substance use with social network characteristics of college going young adults
Authors: Kumar P C Pradeep , Antony Sojan , Murthy Pratima , Thirumoorthy Ammapattian , Philip Mariamma 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Causes of substance use are multifactorial. Factors such as personality, psychological distress, and the person’s social ties contribute to the understanding of substance use problems of college students.

Aim:
The current study aimed to investigate the association between personality traits and psychological distress with ego-centric social networks of substance-using and non-using college students.

Method:
This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 902 undergraduate students from the government (n = 2) and government-aided (n = 9) colleges. The socio-demographic data sheet, Big Five Personality Inventory, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, and the semi-structured Ego-centric Social Network Questionnaire were used to collect data.

Results:
Of 902 participants, 26.9% of participants used substances. The mean score of anxiety (P < 0.002) and depression (P < 0.002) was significantly higher among the substance users compared with non-users. Agreeableness (P < 0.001) and conscientiousness (P < 0.001) scores were significantly higher among non-users. Depression (P < 0.01), anxiety (P < 0.01), and stress (P < 0.01) correlated positively with the total number of substance users in the network. Agreeableness (P < 0.01) and conscientiousness (P < 0.01) were positively correlated with parents and siblings in the network. Stress emerged as a predictor (OR 1.61, CI 1.09-3.04, P < 0.001) for considering substance users to the social network.

Conclusion:
Personality and psychological distress are associated with an individual’s social network and significantly contribute to student substance use problems.
Surgical treatment methods in the course of psychiatric disorders: Deep brain stimulation—Novel insights and indications
Authors: Giordano Ugo , Mizera Jakub , Żak Elżbieta , Pilch Justyna , Tomecka Paulina , Dudzik Tomasz , Palczewski Mikołaj , Biziorek Weronika , Piotrowski Patryk 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a relatively dated treatment procedure that emerged in the late 1980s. Nonetheless, numerous studies are being carried out to examine its influence on the human brain and develop new treatment indications. This systematic review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge referring to DBS, investigate novel insights into its indications, and discuss the technical aspects and rationale behind DBS application. In particular, we sought to subject to scrutiny the application of DBS specifically in anorexia nervosa (AN), various addiction types, depression, and obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCDs). The method is supposed to offer promising results, especially in pharmacologically resistant forms of the upper-mentioned psychiatric disorders. Moreover, further insight has been provided into the historical notions of the method and differences in the surgical approach in specific disease entities. Furthermore, we mark the possible influence of comorbidities on treatment results. Our review consists of articles and studies found on PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Scopus, which were then analyzed with scrutiny in the identification process, including the most resourceful ones. After methodological quality and risk of bias assessment, a total of 53 studies were included. To this date, DBS’s usefulness in the treatment of AN, OCDs, depression, and addictions has been proven, despite an ongoing debate concerning the technical aspects and parameters when applying DBS. To the best of our knowledge, we have not found any paper that would recapitulate the current state of DBS in the context of psychiatric disorders with an addition of technical insights.
Manipal model of telepsychiatry
Authors: Munoli Ravindra N. , Bhandary P Rajeshkrishna , Sharma Podila Sathya Venkata Narasimha 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Telepsychiatry can be understood as an interactive mental health service providing mode using information and communication technology. In recent decades, services provided under the umbrella term of telepsychiatry expanded to cater clinical services, diagnostic services, interventions, therapies, education, and research. Since telepsychiatry has been practiced in India for two decades, various models have emerged to meet the country’s demands and the logistics that are available. Both synchronous and asynchronous modes of telepsychiatry had been in practice in India depending on the availability of logistics. Most of the telepsychiatry services in India had focused on providing clinical care to reach the unreached population. Furthermore, telepsychiatry had been used to train mental health professionals and healthcare workers from other disciplines. However, not many models had incorporated the idea of hands-on training of the postgraduates/trainees of psychiatric social work (PSW) in telepsychiatry under supervision. This was addressed in the Manipal model of telepsychiatry. Manipal model of telepsychiatry has begun in 2016 with a novel idea to train mental health profession trainees in addition to cover other clinical services, research, and education. In the last eight years, four centers of Karnataka state have been covered under this model with progressive growth in a number of patients and this acted as a hands-on training model for the postgraduate trainees in starting telepsychiatry services independently. Furthermore, it provided an opportunity to develop the organization skills of trainees, improved their oratory skills, and improved their expertise in using information technology for mental healthcare delivery.
Novel intervention of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with somatic symptom disorder and its safety and outcome
Authors: Kumar Nand , Singal Prakamya , Chakladar Abhishek 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Somatic Symptom disorders (SSDs) are characterised by the presence of persistent somatic symptoms associated with excessive thoughts, feelings and behaviours related to the symptoms. However, current treatment modalities are non-specific with modest effects. We aim to explore the safety and outcome of high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation at medial Prefrontal Cortex in ten such patients. Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale were applied to ten patients with Somatic Symptom Disorder. 15 sessions of 15Hz TMS using a double cone coil with 2500 pulses/session were administered. All patients completed their sessions except one. Eight of the nine patients reported significant improvement with a reduction of 33%-80% from their baseline PHQ-15 scores. One patient reported significant adverse effects. Double cone coil TMS at medial Prefrontal Cortex appears to be a safe therapeutic intervention with potentially good outcomes in SSDs.
An Adult Case of Pharyngeal Injury Caused by Toothbrush
Authors: Nakamura Satoshi , Katsura Yuki , Fujiwara Takashi , Ikegami Tetsunori 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Most toothbrush-induced oral injuries occur in children and are relatively shallow, involving the oral mucous membranes and musculature, but rarely deeper layers. Here, the management of an adult case of pharyngeal injury caused by a toothbrush is discussed. A man fell while brushing his teeth, and his toothbrush stuck in his throat. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a toothbrush stuck in the left parapharyngeal space, reaching the subcutaneous tissue of the posterior neck. The toothbrush was surgically removed because blind removal could damage major cervical arterioles and nerves. In intraoral injuries caused by deep penetrating toothbrushes, there is a risk that the injury extends to the major arterioles and nerves of the neck. The need for imaging studies, methods of removal, and possible complications should all be considered before taking an appropriate removal action.