bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated knowledge-translation in occupational therapists working with high-risk infants in South Africa: An explorative qualitative inquiry
Authors: Dawood Ayesha , Govender Pragashnie , York Samantha J , Rencken Gina , Ogunlana Michael O 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: This qualitative study explored the knowledge to practice gaps of occupational therapists who have a vital role in neurodevelopmental supportive care for high-risk infants METHODS: Via purposive sampling, 17 therapists working in public health in South Africa were recruited to participate in virtual focus groups. Data were thematically analysed using a hybrid approach FINDINGS: Five themes emerged, which included (i) occupational therapy and neonatal care in the public health sector, (ii) knowledge acquisition and knowledge synthesis, (iii) knowledge translation and utilisation, (iv) contextual barriers and adaptation and (v) the ideal occupational therapist in the ideal neonatal setting. Facilitators, inhibitors, referrals, and interest in occupational therapy neonatal care were also highlighted CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge to practice gaps in occupational therapy include insufficient training, a decreased interest in neonatal care, staff shortages, multi-disciplinary team rotations and a reduced understanding of the professional role and scope of occupational therapy. Resources, training, and policy development appear to be necessary to inform a standard of care Implication for practice The role of the occupational therapist in supporting high risk infants is generally limited and remains somewhat unknown in current South African contexts. It is essential to identify knowledge-to-practice gaps for occupational therapists supporting high-risk infants in the public health sector for successful implementation of neurodevelopmental supportive care. By the exploration of practitioner opinions and insight through appreciating the role of the occupational therapist in managing high risk infants, contextually specific and relevant knowledge translation interventions may be developed and implemented which have implications for evidence-based practice and more successful outcomes in the high-risk infant.
Pécs és Baranya megye fejlődése a történetileg változó földrajzi periférián
Authors: Horeczki Réka , Hajdú Zoltán 
Published: September 2023

Pécs kapcsolatrendszere már a római időszakban is mikro-, mezo- és makroterületi vonatkozásokat hordozott. A város fejlődése beilleszkedett a mindenkori földrajzi környezetébe, a hatalmi-területi, állami, közigazgatási rendszerbe. A város földrajzi pozíciója korszakonként változott a hatalmi-államterületi átrendeződések következtében, már a magyar honfoglalás előtt is földrajzi-topográfiai periféria volt az éppen aktuális befogadó államában. Az első jelentős regionális szerepkörű intézmény létrejötte Pécsett királyi döntés eredménye volt, amely a török megszállás időszakát leszámítva folyamatosan működött. Baranya vármegye határmegyeként jött létre, lényegi szerepe volt a korai időszakban az ország déli határainak védelmében. Pécs és Baranya a mindenkori országterület déli részén helyezkedett el, periféria-adottsága objektivizálódott, s ez korántsem jelentett mindenkor hátrányt.
A tanulmány egy áttekintő történeti földrajzi bevezetés után az 1945-öt követő folyamatokat részletezi érdemben, hiszen ez a periféria-centrum a kiépülő államszocialista politikai berendezkedés miatt széles lehetőségeket kapott a település- és területfejlesztés folyamatában. A periféria-nagyvárosokkal, Budapest nevesített, tervezett ellenpólusaival, köztük Péccsel, szinte folyamatosan számolt a szak- és nagypolitika egyaránt. A történelmileg objektív országon belüli periféria-helyzet megjelenítése mellett hangsúlyt kap a város megyén belüli elhelyezkedése. A megyében topográfiai elhelyezkedésénél fogva (szinte a megye középpontjában fekszik) mindenkor, minden tekintetben központ volt.
Pengetahuan Gizi, Pola Asuh, serta Jarak Kehamilan terhadap Status Gizi Balita di Posyandu Lancang Kuning, Tuah Karya, Pekanbaru, Riau
Authors: Wiji Rizki Natia , Lisviarose Lisviarose , Harianti Rini , Asriyanty Meyroza 
Published: September 2023

Latar Belakang: Kesehatan seseorang bisa tergambarkan dari pangan dan zat gizi apa yang dikonsumsi serta bagaimana makanan tersebut diserap oleh tubuh. Status gizi balita dipengaruhi oleh penyakit infeksi, asupan makanan, pengetahuan gizi, pola asuh serta jarak kehamilan.
Tujuan: Riset ini bertujuan menganalisa korelasi antara pengetahuan gizi, pola asuh, serta jarak kehamilan terhadap status gizi balita.
Metode: Studi memakai desain potong lintang. Populasi dalam studi ini merupakan balita yang terdapat di Posyandu Lancang Kuning, Tuah Karya, Pekanbaru-Riau (subjek 123 orang Ibu balita) melalui simple random sampling. Riset dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2019 - Juli 2020. Informasi dianalisa menggunakan uji Chi-square.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ibu balita sebagian besar berstrata pendidikan SLTA, memiliki pengetahuan gizi kurang dan lebih dari sepertiga memiliki pola asuh kurang serta sebagian besar status gizi anak termasuk baik. Hasil Analisa memperlihatkan ada korelasi pengetahuan gizi, pola asuh, serta jarak kehamilan terhadap status gizi balita (p<0,001; p=0,005; p=0,041).
Kesimpulan : Pengetahuan gizi, pola asuh, serta jarak kehamilan subjek dapat mengoptimalkan status gizi balita.
Investigation of Borax in Meatball Products Sold in Bengkalis, Riau
Authors: Zachawerus Anjeli Cristina , Sulistiawati Sulistiawati , Qurnianingsih Ema 
Published: September 2023

Highlights:1. Borax is still used as a food additive even though it has been banned.2. There was no relationship between age, income, and knowledge of the meatball sellers and the use of borax in Bengkalis.3. The risk factors for the widespread use of borax are still unknown.
AbstractIntroduction: Borax is a food additive that can no longer be used. However, there were still many street food vendors who violated this rule. This study aimed to determine the presence or absence of borax in meatballs and the relationship between meatball sellers' characteristics and knowledge of the use of borax in Bengkalis, Riau. Methods: This was an observational analytic study with cross-sectional collection. This study collected 40 samples of meatballs and meatball sellers in Bengkalis. The sampling technique used purposive sampling by interviewing meatball sellers and filling out the questionnaire on the spot. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square test.Results: This study found that all meatballs contained borax with 36 samples found to have borax content above the standard. This study also found no relationship between characteristics (age, level of knowledge, income) and knowledge of meatball sellers with the use of borax (p > 0.05).Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between borax use and meatball sellers' knowledge and characteristics.
The Effect of Counseling Using Puzzle on Oral Health Knowledge of 3rd and 4th Grade Students of SD Negeri 2 Cikidang
Authors: Hidayah Riski Amalia 
Published: September 2023

Karies merupakan maslah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang sering dialami anak usia Sekolah Dasar. Prevalensi karies gigi anak di seluruh dunia menurut WHO sebesar 60%-90%. Karies disebabkan oleh multifaktorial salah satunya adalah kurangnya pengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigi maupun mulut. Salah satu upaya yang guna meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigi mulut anak dengan cara penyuluhan menggunakan media puzzle karena merupakan media edukasi yang menarik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan/konseling dengan media puzzle terhadap pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mulut siswa kelas 3 dan 4 SD Negeri 2 Cikidang. Penelitian termasuk jenis pre eksperimental, dengan desain one group pretest-postest melibatkan responden sebanyak 32 siswa. Data penelitian diolah menggunakan uji non parametrik Wilcoxon. Nilai rerata pengetahuan siswa kelas 3 dan 4 SD Negeri 2 Cikidang tentang kesehatan gigi mulut sebelum konseling sebesar 63,4, sedangkan setelah penyuluhan 75,6. Nilai uji Wilcoxon (p= 0,000) secara statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mulut sebelum maupun setelah konseling. Metode konseling dengan puzzle dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi mulut siswa kelas 3 dan 4 SDN 2 Cikidang. Dilihat dari tingkat pengetahuan, mayoritas siswa memiliki tingkat pengetahuan tinggi baik sebelum maupun setelah penyuluhan
A Computational Fluid Dynamics Enhanced Oil Recovery Formulation Based on the Volume Average Procedure on the Full Momentum Equation: Effects of Polymer Solution Injection in Real Reservoirs with Anisotropic Permeability
Authors: Vignoli B. A. D. L. , Garcia F. A. S. , Barboza Júnior R. P. , Motta A. B. G. , Dias R. A. C. , Thompson R. L. 
Published: September 2023

Summary
In this work, we propose a new methodology to simulate the process of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in a 3D domain, considering a non-Newtonian fluid phase. The mass balance for the two phases and the balance of momentum are based on the volume averaging theory, which upscales the information on the microscale to make viable the solution in a real case. The full balance of momentum is used in place of the usually adopted Darcy’s law, and the equations are written for each phase in terms of porosity and fluid saturation. The equations are introduced in a new numerical solver developed for the OpenFOAM toolbox, which is an open-source C++ library created to simulate problems of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). First, the methodology is verified by comparing the results obtained from the volume averaging theory equations with Darcy’s law. Then, Newtonian and non-Newtonian cases for Buckley-Leverett, 2D, and 3D meshes are presented. We also present cases with a 3D mesh in a domain extracted from a real reservoir and properties of real injector fluids. The present approach is able to accommodate anisotropic permeability, heterogeneity, and non-Newtonian effects. We compare fluid saturation over time for the different cases as well as the accumulated volume of oil over time and the flow output of the domain. The simulations performed were able to demonstrate the effectiveness of polymeric solutions, comparing polyacrylamide (PAA) and polymeric surfactant (PS) cases with different concentrations, for better use in the production of available resources in reservoirs. In the five-spot cases with polymeric solutions, lower flow rates are achieved when the concentration is increased and the oil production until breakthrough is up to 45% higher when compared with water injection.
Lethal effects of CO2 on the greenhouse whitefly and its impact on strawberry fruit quality
Authors: Jamshidnia Arsalan , Ghotboddini Sayed Ruhollah Raouf , Sadeghi Reza , Roozban Mahmoud Reza 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Strawberry, Fragaria x ananassa, is one of the important horticultural plants cultivated throughout the world for its peerless flavor and juicy texture. The greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hem.: Aleyrodidae), is a major pest for many greenhouse crops through the world. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the most limiting factors through photosynthesis process. The application of different levels of CO2 in controlled atmosphere treatments has received attention as one of the means for controlling insect pests in agricultural products. The present study aims to evaluate the lethal effects of CO2 on the greenhouse whitefly, T. vaporariorum and its effects on the quality of the strawberry cultivars including Kurdistan, Queen Elizabeth, Camarosa, Selva, and Homigento during the exposure periods of 24 and 48 hr . The research findings reveled that LC50 of CO2 on T. vaporariorum feeding on five cultivars were measured at 742.37, 733.05, 742.74, 746.57, and 741.24 ppm, respectively. The highest and the lowest LC90 of carbon dioxide were 914.02 ppm (Queen Elizabeth) and 980.16 ppm (Kurdistan). Moreover, after 24 and 48 h of being exposed to CO2, no significant difference was observed between control treatment and CO2 concentrations on the qualitative traits of tested cultivars.
Inter- and intrapopulation resource use variation of marine subsidized western fence lizards
Authors: Ebersole Alexi , Bunker Marie Elyse , Weiss Stacey , Fox-Dobbs Kena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Marine resource subsidies alter consumer dynamics of recipient populations in coastal systems. The response to these subsidies by generalist consumers is often not uniform, creating inter- and intrapopulation diet variation and niche diversification that may be intensified across heterogeneous landscapes. We sampled western fence lizards, Sceloporus occidentalis, from Puget Sound beaches and coastal and inland forest habitats, in addition to the lizards’ marine and terrestrial prey items to quantify marine and terrestrial resource use with stable isotope analysis and mixing models. Beach lizards had higher average δ13C and δ15N values compared to coastal and inland forest lizards, exhibiting a strong mixing line between marine and terrestrial prey items. Across five beach sites, lizard populations received 20 to 51% of their diet from marine resources, on average, with individual lizards ranging between 7% and 86% marine diet. The hillslope of the transition zone between marine and terrestrial environments at beach sites was positively associated with marine-based diets, as the steepest sloped beach sites had the highest percent marine diets. Within-beach variation in transition zone slope was positively correlated with the isotopic niche space of beach lizard populations. These results demonstrate that physiography of transitional landscapes can mediate resource flow between environments, and variable habitat topography promotes niche diversification within lizard populations. Marine resource subsidization of Puget Sound beach S. occidentalis populations may facilitate occupation of the northwesternmost edge of the species range. Shoreline restoration and driftwood beach habitat conservation are important to support the unique ecology of Puget Sound S. occidentalis.
Mobile phone text messaging plus motivational interviewing versus usual care: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial to evaluate effects on breastfeeding, child health and survival outcomes, among women living with HIV (MTI-MI)
Authors: Zunza Moleen , Thabane Lehana , Kuhn Louise , Els Christine , Cotton Mark , Young Taryn 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Many infants in low resourced settings at high risk of infectious disease morbidity and death are deprived of the immunological and nutritional benefits of breast milk, through an attenuated duration of breast milk exposure. South Africa has one of the lowest exclusive breastfeeding rates in Africa, 8% in infants under 6 months of age. We assume that breastfeeding is sustained among women living with HIV receiving weekly text messages and motivational interviewing and that this contributes to improved infant health outcomes.
Objectives
1. To evaluate the effectiveness of a combined intervention of mobile phone text messaging and motivational interviewing in promoting (a) exclusive breastfeeding, (b) any form of breastfeeding, until six months of child age, compared to usual care, among mothers living with HIV.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of a combined intervention on: (a) reduction in all-cause hospitalization and mortality rates, and (b) improvements in infant linear growth, compared to usual care, among HIV-exposed infants aged 0-6 months.
Methods
We are conducting a clinical trial to determine whether text messaging plus motivational interviewing prolong breastfeeding and improve infant health outcomes. We are recruiting 275 women living with HIV and their HIV exposed infants at birth and randomly assign study interventions for 6 months.
Statistical methods
Breastfeeding rates are compared between study groups using standard proportion test and binomial regression. Survival endpoints are presented using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared between study groups using Cox proportional-hazards regression model. Count endpoint is analysed using Poisson random-effects model and mean cumulative function.We use Mixed linear regression models to assess the evolution of infant growth over time. Maximum likelihood method will be used to handle missing data.
Discussion
Study findings may facilitate decision-making on 1) whether implementation of the breastfeeding policy achieved the desired outcomes, 2) interventions needed to sustain breastfeeding and; 3) whether the interventions do have an impact on child health.
Trial registration: The protocol of the trial was registered before the start of the trial at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05063240) and Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR202110870407786).
Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine and neostigmine on heart rate in robot-assisted thoracoscopic atrial septal defects repair: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Han Jingjing , Zhao Zijian , Lei Zheng , Zhang Chunyan , Wang Haotian , Chen Yu , Zhou Huixuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Robot-assisted thoracoscopic repair of atrial septal defect is performed under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the heart beats without stopping, which requires very high control of perioperative heart rate. Heart rate variability (HRV) refers to small changes in the time between successive cardiac cycles, which can reflect autonomic nervous system activity and provide a quantitative assessment of cardiac sympathetic vagal tone and balance.
Methods
A total of 40 patients undergoing robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for atrial septal defect were randomly assigned to two groups receiving neostigmine or dexmedetomidine. we monitored the changes in heart rate and HRV of neostigmine and dexmedetomidine group at five time periods.
Results
Perioperative data showed that platelet values in the neostigmine group were higher than those in the dexmedetomidine group before surgery and significantly higher than those in the neostigmine group after surgery. In addition, CPB time of the two groups was also significantly different, with the CPB time of neostigmine group being significantly higher than that of dexmedetomidine group (P < 0.05). The comparison of heart rate showed that both drugs could reduce heart rate during surgery to some extent. Neostigmine was more effective than dexmedetomidine in reducing heart rate after CPB initiation. In the analysis of HRV, the values of LF, HF and LF/HF in the neostigmine group have significant differences than those in the dexmedetomidine group(P < 0.05).In addition, the ASDNN and RMSDD value of dexmedetomidine group was significantly higher than that of Neostigmine group in multiple time periods.
Conclusions
Prophylactic use of small doses of neostigmine to control heart rate is safe and effective under the condition of a certain depth of anesthesia. It has a better effect on lowering heart rate than dexmedetomidine. In addition, although the autonomic nerve regulation ability of patients in the neostigmine group was decreased, it was still higher than that in the dexmedetomidine group to a certain extent. This confirms the usefulness of Neostigmine in cardiopulmonary bypass non-stop surgery.
Trial registration:
The trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry at chictr.org.cn (registration number, ChiCTR2000036140) on August 21, 2020.
The value of pupillary diameter in evaluating pain perception after awakening in patients undergoing general anesthesia during orthopedic surgery
Authors: Huang Huang , Yinuo Qiu , Guoxin Gu , Xiangyang Mei , liwei Pang , chuangxin Zhang , Ran Mingzi , Li Mengmeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The pupillary response to tetanic electrical stimulation has been used to reflect the balance between nociceptive stimuli and analgesia. Although pupillary pain index (PPI) was utilized to predict postoperative pain, it depends on tetanic stimulation and is complex. Our aim was to describe the potential relationship between PD in the presence of surgical stimulation and pain levels after awakening.
Methods
According to the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) score after extubation, the patients were divided into painless group (VRS = 0) and pain group (VRS ≥ 1). Pupillary diameter (PD) and pupillary light reflex velocity (PLRV) were compared between two groups when patients entered the operating room (T1), before incision (T2), 10 s after incision (T3), 30 s after incision (T4), 1 h after incision (T5), at the end of surgery (T6), shortly after extubation (T7), and when patients expressed pain clearly (T8). The magnitude of PD change (ΔPD) compared to the baseline value after anesthesia induction (T2) is calculated. The correlations between pupillary parameters and pain after awakening was calculated
Results
Patients with VRS ≥ 1 had greater PD than painless patients at T3-7 (P = 0.04, 0.04, 0.003, <0.001, <0.001), and it was positive correlated with VRS score after awakening at T4-7 (r = 0.188, 0.217, 0.684, 0.721). The ability of T6ΔPD to predict VRS ≥ 1 was strong [threshold: 20.53%, area under the curve (AUC): 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89–0.97 ].
Conclusion
Our study suggested that PD could be a useful index to direct the individualized analgesics used during operation, in order to better avoid the occurrence of pain during the postoperative emergence period.
Trial registration:
This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2000040908, registration date: 15/12/2020).
Implementation status of pharmacological studies in the development of orphan drugs
Authors: Yokoshiki Saki , Arato Teruyo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The nonclinical as well as clinical development of orphan drugs is difficult, owing to unknown pathophysiology and the absence of model animals. Both, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Guidance and European Medicines Agency (EMA) Guidelines, for orphan drug development describe non-clinical studies, but lack specific information, such as animal species and study design. Against this background, this study aimed to elucidate efficient methods for evaluating nonclinical efficacy based on a review report of orphan drugs approved in Japan.
Results: A total of 184 orphan drugs, including 84 anticancer and 100 non-anticancer drugs, approved in Japan from January 2010 to December 2019 were investigated.
Some anticancer drugs progressed to clinical development without distinct efficacy data in nonclinical studies. Patient-derived cells have been used for some drugs due to a lack of established cell lines. Cells used for non-clinical studies were devised for drugs indicated for cancers resistant to prior therapies, tumours with specific amino acid mutations in the target molecules, and solid tumours with specific biomarkers. For some non-anticancer drugs, similar disease model animals and normal animals were used for evaluation, since model animals did not exist. Biomarkers have been used specifically for evaluation in normal animals and as endpoints in some clinical trials.
Conclusions: It was possible to evaluate drug efficacy by flexibly designing nonclinical studies according to disease characteristics for potentials orphan drugs. These approaches, which are not described in detail in the EMA Guideline or FDA Guidance, may thus allow lead approval.