bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The solution surface of the Li-Stephens haplotype copying model
Authors: Jin Yifan , Terhorst Jonathan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Li-Stephens (LS) haplotype copying model forms the basis of a number of important statistical inference procedures in genetics. LS is a probabilistic generative model which supposes that a sampled chromosome is an imperfect mosaic of other chromosomes found in a population. In the frequentist setting which is the focus of this paper, the output of LS is a “copying path” through chromosome space. The behavior of LS depends crucially on two user-specified parameters, $$\theta $$
θ
and $$\rho $$
ρ
, which are respectively interpreted as the rates of mutation and recombination. However, because LS is not based on a realistic model of ancestry, the precise connection between these parameters and the biological phenomena they represent is unclear. Here, we offer an alternative perspective, which considers $$\theta $$
θ
and $$\rho $$
ρ
as tuning parameters, and seeks to understand their impact on the LS output. We derive an algorithm which, for a given dataset, efficiently partitions the $$(\theta ,\rho )$$

(
θ
,
ρ
)

plane into regions where the output of the algorithm is constant, thereby enumerating all possible solutions to the LS model in one go. We extend this approach to the “diploid LS” model commonly used for phasing. We demonstrate the usefulness of our method by studying the effects of changing $$\theta $$
θ
and $$\rho $$
ρ
when using LS for common bioinformatic tasks. Our findings indicate that using the conventional (i.e., population-scaled) values for $$\theta $$
θ
and $$\rho $$
ρ
produces near optimal results for imputation, but may systematically inflate switch error in the case of phasing diploid genotypes.
Comparison of medial tibiofemoral joint mechanics between all-suture anchors and transtibial pullout technique for posterior medial meniscal root tears
Authors: Saengpetch Nadhaporn , Noowan Sutip , Boonrod Artit , Jaruwanneechai Khananut , Sumanont Sermsak , Vijittrakarnrung Chaiyanun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The posterior medial meniscal root tear (PMMRT) seriously impacts the tibiofemoral joint biomechanics. Two available techniques for PMMRT repair include the transtibial pullout (TPO) repair and all-suture anchor (ASA) repair techniques. These techniques have not been compared biomechanically.

Methods
A total of 20 fresh porcine cadaveric knee specimens were used. All 20 knees were randomly and evenly distributed into four groups (five specimens per group): (1) intact posterior meniscal root, (2) PMMRT, (3) TPO repair technique for PMMRT, and (4) ASA repair technique for PMMRT. The tibiofemoral contact mechanics were investigated using a pressure sensor. All knee specimens were tested by being loaded with 600 N axial compressive force at three different flexion angles (0°, 45°, and 90°). The contact surface area, contact pressure, peak pressure, and time-zero displacement were recorded.

Results
The PMMRT caused a significant decrease in contact surface area, an increase in contact pressure, and peak pressure from the reference values observed in the intact meniscus group (P = 0.05, 0.016, and 0.008, respectively). After fixation, no significant difference was observed between the ASA and intact group. Meanwhile, significant differences were found between the TPO and intact group in terms of contact surface area, contact pressure, and peak pressure. In the comparison between the two techniques, the ASA group demonstrated higher contact surface area than the TPO group at the average knee flexion angle (p = 0.05).

Conclusion
For most testing conditions, the ASA technique demonstrated superior biomechanical property in terms of contact surface area compared with the TPO technique under compressive loading conditions. The ASA technique could also restore the tibiofemoral contact mechanics to be comparable with those of the native intact knee. Meanwhile, a significant difference in tibiofemoral mechanics, compared with the intact knee, could be observed in the TPO technique.
Tau deficiency inhibits classically activated macrophage polarization and protects against collagen-induced arthritis in mice
Authors: Chen Meng , Fu Wenyu , Xu Huiyun , Liu Chuan-ju 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Tau protein serves a pro-inflammatory function in neuroinflammation. However, the role of tau in other inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is less explored. This study is to investigate the role of endogenous tau and the potential mechanisms in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis.

Methods
We established collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in wild-type and Tau-/- mice to compare the clinical score and arthritis incidence. Micro-CT analysis was used to evaluate bone erosion of ankle joints. Histological analysis was performed to assess inflammatory cell infiltration, cartilage damage, and osteoclast activity in the ankle joints. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. The expression levels of macrophage markers were determined by immunohistochemistry staining and quantitative real-time PCR.

Results
Tau expression was upregulated in joints under inflammatory condition. Tau deletion in mice exhibited milder inflammation and protected against the progression of CIA, evidenced by reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuated bone loss, inflammatory cell infiltration, cartilage damage, and osteoclast activity in the ankle joints. Furthermore, tau deficiency led to the inhibition of classically activated type 1 (M1) macrophage polarization in the synovium.

Conclusion
Tau is a previously unrecognized critical regulator in the pathogenesis of RA and may provide a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune and inflammatory joint diseases.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes (HUCMSC-exos) recovery soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1)-induced endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia
Authors: Chang Xinwen , He Qizhi , Wei Mengtian , Jia Linyan , Wei Yingying , Bian Yiding , Duan Tao , Wang Kai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Preeclampsia is a unique multisystem disorder that affects 5–8% of pregnancies. A high level of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) is a hallmark of preeclampsia that causes endothelial dysfunction. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been indicated to improve endothelial performances by transporting signals to target cells. We hypothesized that exosomes derived from MSCs have potential effects against preeclampsia.

Methods
We collected human umbilical cord MSC-derived exosomes (HUCMSC-exos) by ultracentrifugation. The size and morphology of the exosomes were examined using a transmission electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Pregnant mice were injected with murine sFlt-1 adenovirus to build the preeclampsia-like mouse model and then treated with HUCMSC-exos. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were infected with lentiviruses expressing tet-on-sFlt-1 to obtain cells overexpressing sFlt-1. Cell proliferation and migration assays were used to measure the endothelial functions. The exosomes enriched proteins underlying mechanisms were explored by proteomic analysis.

Results
In the current study, we successfully collected the cup-shaped HUCMSC-exos with diameters of 30–150 nm. In the sFlt-1-induced preeclampsia mouse model, HUCMSC-exos exhibited beneficial effects on adverse birth events by decreasing blood pressure and improving fetal birth weight. In addition, preeclamptic dams that were injected with HUCMSC-exos had rebuilt dense placental vascular networks. Furthermore, we observed that HUCMSC-exos partially rescued sFlt-1-induced HUVECs dysfunction in vitro. Proteomics analysis of HUCMSC-exos displayed functional enrichment in biological processes related to vesicle-mediated transport, cell communication, cell migration, and angiogenesis.

Conclusion
We propose that exosomes derived from HUCMSCs contain abundant Versican and play beneficial roles in the birth outcomes of sFlt-1-induced preeclamptic mice by promoting angiogenesis.

Graphical Abstract
Experimental study on the effect of CO2 storage on the reservoir permeability in a CO2-based enhanced geothermal system
Authors: Li Pan , Hao Yang , Wu Yu , Wanniarachchi Ayal , Zhang Hongxue , Cui Zhili 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA CO2-based Enhanced Geothermal System (CO2-EGS) has dual benefits of heat extraction and CO2 storage. Mineralization storage of CO2 may reduce reservoir permeability, thereby affecting heat extraction. Solutions require further research to optimize and balance these two benefits. In this study, CO2 storage and heat extraction were simulated by alternating cyclic injection of water and supercritical CO2 into fractured granite. By analyzing the changes of ion composition in water samples and the minerals of fracture surface, the mechanisms controlling the fracture permeability with and without proppant were obtained. The results suggest that monticellite and vaterite were formed besides montmorillonite, calcite and illite after increasing the injection cycles. This promotes mineralization storage of CO2 but reduces reservoir permeability. Without proppant, the permeability decreased in three stages and the reduction rate exhibited a sharp-slow–fast–slow trend. While the use of proppant caused an increase of two orders of magnitude in permeability. Therefore, increasing the non-contact area of the main fracture and the CO2 flow velocity can avoid a large decrease in permeability, which will increase the heat extraction and mineralization storage of CO2. The findings provide solutions for the CO2 emission reduction and the efficient exploitation of hot dry rock.
Enough hot air: the role of immersion cooling
Authors: Haghshenas Kawsar , Setz Brian , Blosch Yannis , Aiello Marco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAir cooling is the traditional solution to chill servers in data centers. However, the continuous increase in global data center energy consumption combined with the increase of the racks’ power dissipation calls for the use of more efficient alternatives. Immersion cooling is one such alternative. In this paper, we quantitatively examine and compare air cooling and immersion cooling solutions. The examined characteristics include power usage efficiency (PUE), computing and power density, cost, and maintenance overheads. A direct comparison shows a reduction of about 50% in energy consumption and a reduction of about two-thirds of the occupied space, by using immersion cooling. In addition, the higher heat capacity of used liquids in immersion cooling compared to air allows for much higher rack power densities. Moreover, immersion cooling requires less capital and operational expenditures. However, challenging maintenance procedures together with the increased number of IT failures are the main downsides. By selecting immersion cooling, cloud providers must trade-off the decrease in energy and cost and the increase in power density with its higher maintenance and reliability concerns. Finally, we argue that retrofitting an air-cooled data center with immersion cooling will result in high costs and is generally not recommended.
Managing the clinical encounter with patients with personality disorder in a general psychiatry setting: key contributions from neuropsychoanalysis
Authors: Lee Tennyson , Solms Mark 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYPatients view their negative emotions as troublesome and they expect psychiatrists to deal with them, often wanting them taken away. We present a neuropsychoanalytical understanding of the essential biological function of emotion and how it influences behaviour. Through a vignette, we demonstrate how this understanding can contribute to the psychiatrist's management of the clinical encounter, in particular regarding the patient's expectations about their emotions and the pressures placed on the clinician.
REPRESENTATION OF THE MEMORIAL CULTURE IN CHECHEN PAINTING (2000-2012)
Authors: Yarychev Nasrudi U. , Khamzatova Zarema R. 
Published: August 2023

The object of the research is the memorial culture in Chechen painting, the subject being its representation in the works of Chechen artists. The purpose of the study is to consider the representation of the phenomenon of memorial memory in the work of Chechen artists. The paintings of national artists of Chechnya served as empirical material in the work. The methodology is based on comparative studies, art history and the system-constructive analysis.
The authors construct the concepts of memorial heritage in the paintings of Chechen artists, revealing the universal characteristics of their work. For the authors, memorial culture comes down to a variety of ways to materialize the socio-cultural ethnic context, including the visualization of mythological and religious meanings, as well as the translation of mental characteristics and ethnic archetypes. The deep memory of the people includes historical and cultural areas, which include artistic images born in a creative way. In turn, ethnic art serves as a kind of reflection of ethnophilosophy, the mentality of the people, national traditions and a means of conveying the deep memory of the people.
AS APROXIMAÇÕES ESTÉTICAS ENTRE CONTOS FANTÁSTICOS DE LYGIA FAGUNDES TELLES E SILVINA OCAMPO
Authors: Gerotto de Freitas Valentim Laís , Antonietti Lopes Tânia Mara 
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os contos: “Um chá bem forte e três xícaras”, do livro Antes do baile verde (2009), “Noturno Amarelo”, do livro O seminário dos ratos (2018), de Lygia Fagundes Telles; “A lebre dourada”, do livro A fúria e outros contos (2019) e “O diário de Porfíria Bernal. Relato de Miss Antonia Fielding”, do livro As convidadas (2022), de Silvina Ocampo, pelo viés do fantástico, levando em conta os elementos que colaboram para a presença do sobrenatural em cada narrativa. Para tal análise, utilizamos o livro Introdução à literatura fantástica (1981), de Tzvetan Todorov; o artigo “La literatura fantástica y la representación de la realidad”, de Martha J. Nandorfy, do livro Teorías de lo fantástico (2001), de David Roas (org.), o artigo “A literatura fantástica: gênero ou modo” (2013), de Marisa Martins Gama Khalil, entre outros. Dividimos o estudo da seguinte forma: a primeira parte é um recorte da abordagem teórica referente ao gênero fantástico; a segunda parte oferece uma breve apresentação de Lygia Fagundes Telles e de Silvina Ocampo; a terceira se concentra na análise dos contos e, por fim, apresentamos uma breve conclusão.
CULTURA POP E PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS: UMA REFLEXÃO PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Silva Gleyton de Moura Ferreira , Gomes Edilene Batista 
Published: August 2023

O uso de equipamentos tecnológicos está cada vez mais presente no quotidiano do ser humano, seja para uso pessoal ou realização de alguma tarefa. Na educação esse uso tem se ampliado rapidamente, diante desse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar novas possibilidades de práticas pedagógicas para a educação básica, ancoradas na Cultura pop. Utilizou-se como aporte metodológico a revisão literária de textos já publicados, buscando refletir sobre a importância do uso de elementos presentes na cultura pop para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos pedagógicos na educação básica. A partir da pesquisa desenvolvida foi possível perceber que os gêneros da cultura pop são ferramentas que têm muito a contribuir com a prática pedagógica, no decorrer do texto destacamos alguns deles: animes, fanfics e mangás que consideramos ferramentas cruciais para a motivação e desenvolvimento no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.Palavras-Chave: cultura pop; tecnologias; educação; práticas pedagógicas.
Frequency resolution improvement by sub-bins and an inverse matrix in discrete Fourier transform
Authors: Sato Manabu , Nakabayashi Shunta , Ito Ryusei , Masuta Junpei , Kosaka Tetsuo 
Published: August 2023

We proposed a method to use sub-bins (SBs) and the inverse matrix to reduce the spectral leakage in discrete Fourier transform (DFT) over the conventional spectral resolution. SBs were assigned between two conventional bins. Utilizing the real signal, the process reproducing complex amplitudes at each SB was described and confirmed through simulations with the pseudo-inverse matrix. In experiments, with the 256 number of data, the frequency interval of k=107 and 108 was 4 divided by SBs. The single-peak spectrum at each SB frequency was measured clearly. Using the two signals with frequencies corresponding to two SBs within the conventional bin interval, the spectrum with two peaks was also measured. The linearity was confirmed for the input range from 0.1–5 V. The feasibility of this method to improve the frequency resolution has been shown for various optical applications.
Use of outpatient healthcare services before and after the onset of unemployment: A register-based propensity score matched study from Finland
Authors: Rinne Hanna , Blomgren Jenni 
Published: August 2023

Aims
The aim was to examine the use of outpatient healthcare services in different sectors of healthcare before and after the onset of unemployment and to study whether job loss affected the use of these services.

Methods
Longitudinal individual-level register-based data was utilized on all individuals living in the City of Oulu, Finland, who became unemployed in 2017 (N = 1,999), their propensity matched controls (N = 1,999), and unmatched controls (N = 58,459) in a quasi-experimental design. Use of outpatient healthcare services was examined in one-month periods from 12 months before to 12 months after the onset of unemployment. Several socio-demographic factors, along with sickness and employment histories, were used for matching. Difference-in-differences analysis was used to measure the differences in the use of outpatient healthcare services between the unemployed and their matched controls.

Results
The use of health services decreased significantly after the onset of unemployment. This was due to a decrease in the use of occupational health services. No change related to job loss was observed in the use of public or private healthcare services. The number of healthcare visits increased again after the unemployment ended. Difference-in-differences analyses showed that compared to propensity score matched controls, becoming unemployed reduced the use of health services.

Conclusions
When access to occupational healthcare services ceases, other health services do not appear to fill the gap among those who become unemployed. Adequate healthcare services should be guaranteed to all population groups equally based on need, irrespective of the labour market status.
Factors associated with one-year mortality after hospital discharge: A multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Liechti Fabian D. , Bütikofer Lukas , Mancinetti Marco , Leuppi Joerg D. , Genné Daniel , John Gregor , Donzé Jacques D. 
Published: August 2023

Objectives
1) To identify predictors of one-year mortality in hospitalized medical patients using factors available during their hospital stay. 2) To evaluate whether healthcare system use within 30 days of hospital discharge is associated with one-year mortality.

Study design and setting
This prospective, observational study included adult patients from four mid-sized hospital general internal medicine units. During index hospitalization, we retrieved patient characteristics, including demographic and socioeconomic indicators, diagnoses, and early simplified HOSPITAL scores from electronic health records and patient interviews. Data on healthcare system use was collected using telephone interviews 30 days after discharge. Survival status at one year was collected by telephone and from health records. We used a univariable analysis including variables available from the hospitalization and 30-day post-discharge periods. We then performed multivariable analyses with one model using index hospitalization data and one using 30-day post-discharge data.

Results
Of 934 patients, 123 (13.2%; 95% CI 11.0–15.4%) were readmitted or died within 30 days. Of 814 patients whose primary outcome was available, 108 died (13.3%) within one year. Using factors obtained during hospitalization, the early simplified HOSPITAL score (OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.31–1.71; P < 0.001) and not living at home (OR 4.0; 95% CI 1.8–8.3; P < 0.001) were predictors of one-year mortality. Using 30-day post-discharge predictors, hospital readmission was significantly associated with one-year mortality (OR 4.81; 95% CI 2.77–8.33; P < 0.001).

Significance
Factors predicting one-year mortality were a high early simplified HOSPITAL score, not living at home, and a 30-day unplanned readmission.
Identification of lysosome-related genes in connection with prognosis and immune cell infiltration for drug candidates in head and neck cancer
Authors: Shen Ye , Chen Haibin , Gong Xiaoyang , Wang Ziyi , Chen Mengjie , Chen Donghui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Lysosome dysfunction has been shown to play an important role in cancer progression. However, few research studies have reported the role of lysosomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) progression. Lysosome-related genes (LRGs) were collected from the Molecular Signatures Database. Differentially expressed lysosome-related genes (DELRGs) were identified from the TCGA-HNSCC dataset. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to identify the prognostic genes. The prognostic values and expression of hub DELRGs were further validated by GEO datasets. Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumors using Expression data and the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis were applied to evaluate the correlation between cathepsin G (CTSG) and immune infiltrates. Twenty-two DELRGs were identified. Among them, CTSG was an independent prognostic biomarker for HNSCC patients. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the potential mechanism of CTSG in regulating HNSCC was associated with the immune- and inflammation-related pathways. CTSG expression was highly correlated with immune cell infiltration. Finally, two potential compounds (CH and MAN) targeting CTSG protein were identified, and their reliability was validated through molecular docking analysis. CTSG was associated with immune infiltration and had prognostic value in HNSCC patients, which may be a potential biomarker for predicting the outcome of immunotherapy.