bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No impact of a high‐fat meal coupled with intermittent hypoxemia on acute kidney injury biomarkers in adults with and without obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Goulet Nicholas , Tetzlaff Emily J. , Morin Renée , Mauger Jean‐François , Amaratunga Ruwan , Kenny Glen P. , Imbeault Pascal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxemia, which is associated with progressive loss of kidney function, where postprandial fluctuations in renal physiology may further compromise oxygen supply and kidney function. Therefore, we measured biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI) following a high‐fat meal with and without intermittent hypoxemia. Eighteen healthy young men (mean age [SD]: 22.7 years [3.1]) and seven middle‐aged to older individuals with OSA (54.4 years [6.4]) consumed a high‐fat meal during normoxia or intermittent hypoxemia (~15 hypoxic cycles per hour, ~85% oxyhemoglobin saturation) for 6 h. We observed no changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate and plasma concentrations of creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), and kidney injury molecule‐1 (KIM‐1) at any measured time points. In both groups, plasma concentrations of interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) increased after 6 h during normoxia only (p = 0.033, ηp2 = 0.122), and plasma concentrations of liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein (L‐FABP) transiently decreased after 3 h in both conditions (p = 0.008, ηp2 = 0.152). These findings indicate that AKI biomarkers are not acutely elevated during the postprandial state with or without intermittent hypoxemia, suggesting that other mechanisms may play more important roles in the progression of kidney disease in OSA.
The dependence of maximum oxygen uptake and utilization (V̇O2max) on hemoglobin‐oxygen affinity and altitude
Authors: Webb Kevin L. , Joyner Michael J. , Wiggins Chad C. , Secomb Timothy W. , Roy Tuhin K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOxygen transport from the lungs to peripheral tissue is dependent on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. Recent experimental data have suggested that the maximum human capacity for oxygen uptake and utilization (V̇O2max) at sea level and altitude (~3000 m) is sensitive to alterations in hemoglobin‐oxygen affinity. However, the effect of such alterations on V̇O2max at extreme altitudes remains largely unknown due to the rarity of mutations affecting hemoglobin‐oxygen affinity. This work uses a mathematical model that couples pulmonary oxygen uptake with systemic oxygen utilization under conditions of high metabolic demand to investigate the effect of hemoglobin‐oxygen affinity on V̇O2max as a function of altitude. The model includes the effects of both diffusive and convective limitations on oxygen transport. Pulmonary oxygen uptake is calculated using a spatially‐distributed model that accounts for the effects of hematocrit and hemoglobin‐oxygen affinity. Systemic oxygen utilization is calculated assuming Michaelis–Menten kinetics. The pulmonary and systemic model components are solved iteratively to compute predicted arterial and venous oxygen levels. Values of V̇O2max are predicted for several values of hemoglobin‐oxygen affinity and hemoglobin concentration based on data from humans with hemoglobin mutations. The model predicts that increased hemoglobin‐oxygen affinity leads to increased V̇O2max at altitudes above ~4500 m.
Metastasis from small cell lung cancer to ovary: A case report
Authors: Zhao Benzheng , Zhao Weixin , Xia Yang , Liu Jian , Wang Yuan , Song Tianjiao , Tan Wenxi , Zhao Shuhua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) rarely metastasizes to the ovary, and is difficult to diagnose given its overlapping clinical features and histological characteristics with primary ovarian cancer. Since therapies for SCLC and primary ovarian cancer differ, it is important to determine the original site of ovarian lesions. This report describes the differential diagnosis of metastatic from primary ovarian cancer. A 46-year-old Chinese woman with a history of SCLC, confirmed by transbronchial lung biopsy in August 2018, presented with abdominal distension in December 2018. Ultrasound examination and whole abdomen computed tomography showed one mass in each ovary. A provisional diagnosis of ovarian tumor was given. A palliative total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed; and three postoperative courses of chemotherapies. The patient died from multiple organ failure in May 2019. Metastatic ovarian cancer from SCLC was determined based on characteristic histological and immunohistochemical staining.
CSF and plasma Aβ42/40 across Alzheimer’s disease continuum: comparison of two ultrasensitive Simoa® assays targeting distinct amyloid regions
Authors: Wojdała Anna Lidia , Bellomo Giovanni , Toja Andrea , Gaetani Lorenzo , Parnetti Lucilla , Chiasserini Davide 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Decreased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta 42/40 ratio (Aβ42/40) is one of the core Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers. Measurement of Aβ42/40 in plasma has also been proposed as a surrogate marker for amyloidosis, however the validity and the diagnostic performance of this biomarker is still uncertain. Here we evaluated two immunoassays targeting distinct regions of the amyloid peptides by (a) performing a method comparison in both CSF and plasma, and (b) assessing the diagnostic performance across the AD continuum.

Methods
We used N4PE and N3PA Simoa® assays to measure Aβ42/40 in CSF and plasma of 134 patients: preclinical AD (pre-AD, n=19), mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI-AD, n=41), AD at the dementia stage (AD-dem, n=35), and a control group (CTRL, n=39). The N4PE includes a detector antibody targeting the amyloid N-terminus, while the N3PA uses a detector targeting amyloid mid-region.

Results
Method comparison of N4PE and N3PA assays revealed discrepancies in assessment of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40. While the diagnostic performance of the two assays did not significantly differ in CSF, in plasma, N4PE assay provided better accuracy for AD discrimination than N3PA assay (AUC AD-dem vs. CTRL 0.77 N4PE, 0.68 N3PA).

Conclusions
While both Aβ42/40 assays allowed for an effective discrimination between CTRL and different AD stages, the assay targeting amyloid N-terminal region provided the best diagnostic performance in plasma. Differences observed in technical and diagnostic performance of the two assays may depend on matrix-specific amyloid processing, suggesting that further studies should be carried to standardize amyloid ratio measurement in plasma.
The emerging role of ATP as a cosolute for biomolecular processes
Authors: Hautke Alexander , Ebbinghaus Simon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
ATP is an important small molecule that appears at outstandingly high concentration within the cellular medium. Apart from its use as a source of energy and a metabolite, there is increasing evidence for important functions as a cosolute for biomolecular processes. Owned to its solubilizing kosmotropic triphosphate and hydrophobic adenine moieties, ATP is a versatile cosolute that can interact with biomolecules in various ways. We here use three models to categorize these interactions and apply them to review recent studies. We focus on the impact of ATP on biomolecular solubility, folding stability and phase transitions. This leads us to possible implications and therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases.
Experimental analysis of localized hybridization by means of adding woven polyester strip
Authors: Chithambara Thanu M. , Appadurai M. , Fantin Irudaya Raj E. , Lurthu Pushparaj T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Natural fiber-reinforced composites must be hybridized with synthetic fibers to enhance their mechanical strength. They are appropriate for structural applications after hybridizing with more than 40 % of synthetic fibers. The hybrid composite becomes a partly biodegradable material due to the blend of natural fibers. The localized hybridization approach has been used to minimize the quantity of synthetic fiber used in hybridization. The region around the drilled hole of a composite has been identified as stress concentrated region. In that stress-concentrated region, a polyester strip of different widths is deployed to reinforce it to reduce the delamination occurrence. The present work deals with Jute Fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester resin with local hybridization of woven polyester made up of Perma Core T-18 polyester fiber strands. The interfacial shear and tensile strengths are evaluated for the proposed composite. The results revealed that the yield strength of the proposed composite increased from 18.32 MPa to 29.62 MPa due to local hybridization. The increment of 69.24 % in yield strength is more significant for structural applications.
Welfare Effects of Platforms’ Exclusivity Clauses
Authors: Holler Marit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Buyers are often active on multiple digital platforms, while gatekeeper platforms can force sellers contractually to use one platform exclusively. This paper considers the welfare effects of such exclusivity clauses for buyers, sellers and platforms in a platform duopoly with a seller membership fee. A setting with partially multihoming buyers and sellers is compared to one with partially multihoming buyers and singlehoming sellers. It is shown that exclusivity clauses predominately harm total welfare. Buyers suffer if sellers are exclusive on one platform, while platforms and sellers benefit from exclusivity clauses under certain conditions. In an environment with exclusivity clauses, when strong cross-group benefits and weak platform differentiation result in fierce price competition, exclusivity clauses can be welfare-enhancing.
Unique Strength and Conditioning Coach Considerations for First Responder Trainee Fitness Development
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Dawes J. Jay 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTIn recent years, many first responder (i.e., fire and police) organizations have had issues with recruitment. Changes to population demographics (e.g., reduced physical activity and increased obesity) have contributed to these recruitment challenges because more adults may not be fit enough to meet the minimum requirements for physically demanding occupations. Applicants to first responder job positions may solicit strength and conditioning coaches to help train them for entry fitness testing and academy training. Although the training principles for athletes have crossover to first responder trainees, several unique considerations must be understood by the coach so they can best prepare their trainee. This review will discuss some of the unique considerations for developing the physical fitness of first responder trainees. This includes understanding what entry fitness tests (if any) may be required and how this can vary across different organizations and states. The strength and conditioning coach should also understand how fitness training could be implemented at the training academy stage and what specific modalities may have a greater focus within their trainee's specific academy. The review will provide actionable information for the strength and conditioning coach who may have limited experience in the physical preparation of first responder trainees.
Individual Differences in Decision Strategy Relate to Neurochemical Excitability and Cortical Thickness
Authors: Filmer Hannah L. , Loughnan Kathleen , Seeto Jennifer X. , Ballard Timothy , Ehrhardt Shane E. , Shaw Thomas B. , Wards Yohan , Rideaux Reuben , Leow Li-Ann , Sewell David K. , Dux Paul E. 
Published: September 2023

The speed-accuracy trade-off (SAT), whereby faster decisions increase the likelihood of an error, reflects a cognitive strategy humans must engage in during the performance of almost all daily tasks. To date, computational modeling has implicated the latent decision variable of response caution (thresholds), the amount of evidence required for a decision to be made, in the SAT. Previous imaging has associated frontal regions, notably the left prefrontal cortex and the presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA), with the setting of such caution levels. In addition, causal brain stimulation studies, using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have indicated that while both of these regions are involved in the SAT, their role appears to be dissociable. tDCS efficacy to impact decision-making processes has previously been linked with neurochemical concentrations and cortical thickness of stimulated regions. However, to date, it is unknown whether these neurophysiological measures predict individual differences in the SAT, and brain stimulation effects on the SAT. Using ultra-high field (7T) imaging, here we report that instruction-based adjustments in caution are associated with both neurochemical excitability (the balance between GABA+ and glutamate) and cortical thickness across a range of frontal regions in both sexes. In addition, cortical thickness, but not neurochemical concentrations, was associated with the efficacy of left prefrontal and superior medial frontal cortex (SMFC) stimulation to modulate performance. Overall, our findings elucidate key neurophysiological predictors, frontal neural excitation, of individual differences in latent psychological processes and the efficacy of stimulation to modulate these.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe speed-accuracy trade-off (SAT), faster decisions increase the likelihood of an error, reflects a cognitive strategy humans must engage in during most daily tasks. The SAT is often investigated by explicitly instructing participants to prioritize speed or accuracy when responding to stimuli. Using ultra-high field (7T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we found that individual differences in the extent to which participants adjust their decision strategies with instruction related to neurochemical excitability (ratio of GABA+ to glutamate) and cortical thickness in the frontal cortex. Moreover, brain stimulation to the left prefrontal cortex and the superior medial frontal cortex (SMFC) modulated performance, with the efficacy specifically related to cortical thickness. This work sheds new light on the neurophysiological basis of decision strategies and brain stimulation.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN DARING BERBANTUAN YOUTUBE DENGAN MODEL PEER TEACHING TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Wijayanti Anisa 
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced learning to be done online using certain media and applications. This study was aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Peer Teaching Model assisted by Youtube app on student achievement in mathematics learning from home process during pandemic COVID-19 in term of cognitive, affective and student participation. This research is deskriptif study with a mixed-method approach. The subject in this study were students in grade 11.1 and 11.2 MIPA at a state senior high school in Bogor in the 2nd semester of 2020/2021 academic year. Data collection techniques were carried out through tests to determine student achievement, questionnaires to measure student interest in the learning model and the media used, as well as assignments and interviews to determine student participation. The effectiveness criterion used is that at least 75% of students have a positive response and have a test score above Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). The results showed that the percentage of student learning completeness was 77% (good category), the positive response of students was 80.29% and participation in assignments was very good.
STUDI LITERASI MATEMATIS
Authors: Poernomo Erdy , Kurniawati Lia , Atiqoh Khamida Siti Nur 
Published: September 2023

The need for good literacy, especially mathematical literacy in the industrial era 4.0 and the low international assessment are the main concerns for Indonesia. The study aims is to provide an overview of mathematical literacy and numeracy literacy from various sources. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Sources of data come from various relevant documents collected through library sources. The result of the study found that mathematical iteration and numeracy literacy have a close relationship when viewed from the scope of context, competence, and content. In terms of context, both mathematical literacy and numeracy literacy have the same scope, namely personal, work, social, and scientific. In terms of competence, all competencies in numeracy literacy are included in mathematical literacy. Mathematical literacy has 3 competencies that are not possessed by numeracy literacy including communication, mathematizing, and devising strategies for solving problems. In terms of content, all content in numeracy literacy is included in mathematical literacy. Mathematical literacy has 7 contents that are not owned by numeracy literacy including functions, algebraic expressions, equations and inequalities, co-ordinate systems, counting principles, data variability and its description, and samples and sampling.
Effect of dry extract from Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture with selenium-containing amino acids on the productivity and chemical composition of meat of broiler chickens
Authors: Poberezhets J. M. , Chudak R. A. , Razanova O. P. , Skoromna O. I. , Farionik T. V. , Ohorodnichuk G. M. , Holubenko T. L. , Glavatchuk V. А. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction of biologically active supplements to the diet of poultry results in maximal use of nutrients and positively influences the live weight and slaughter parameters. This promotes rational and economical use of fodders and boosts the poultry productivity. We studied a mineral feed supplement – an organic selenium compound, which has a much greater bioavailability than inorganic sources of selenium. Selenomethionine is easily digested in the organism and effectively used for synthesis of proteins. Broiler chickens of the experimental group that had been consuming the selenoamino-acid feed additive had greater live weight at the age of 14–42 days, compared with the control. Intake of the mineral supplement by the broiler chickens in the experimental group increased their mean daily increment by 8.5% and the absolute increment by 8.6%, compared with the control peers. In the experimental group of broilers, the mineral supplement increased the pre-slaughter live weight by 8.4%, weight of intact carcass by 10.1%. Also, the weight of the semi-processed carcasses (i.e. those with removed intestines and cloaca, filled crop, oviduct and ovary (in female specimens) increased by 4.3%, and the weight of the processed carcasses (the internal organs and abdominal-cavity fat and esophagus of which were removed, without head, legs and wing metacarpals) increased by 8.0%, compared with the control group of broilers. In the experimental group, the feed supplement gave 13.7% rise in the weight of the breast muscles and 14.5% increase in the weight of the thigh muscles, compared with the control group. Intake of this supplement in the experimental group promoted 7.5% increase in the weight of the gizzard by and 9.2% increase in the weight of the duodenum, as compared with the control. Usage of the selenoamino-acid feed supplement increased the protein concentration in the breast muscles of the broiler chickens by 1.9%, compared with the control. Intake of the mineral supplement increased the amounts of dry matter and fat in the thigh muscles of the experimental group, compared with the control group. Therefore, adding dry yeast extract to diet of broilers together with selenium-containing amino acids is a promising method of increasing the effectiveness of poultry farming.
Coadaptation mechanism of the gut microbiota and human organism to physical loading
Authors: Kuibida V. , Kokhanets P. , Lopatynska V. 
Published: September 2023

The human organism is home to trillions of bacteria, viruses and fungi. In order to survive, they have to adapt to the living environment of a host. The organism has adapted to mutual functioning by benefiting from microbiota in a certain way or removing its negative effects. The gut microorganisms influence all the organism systems, including the synthesis of heat-shock proteins. Their species composition and functional condition undergo changes depending on physical activity of a host organism. While moderate physical loading is of no doubt positive for the diversity of microbiota and the functioning of the intestinal barrier, the mechanism of influence of physical exercises on the microbiota biodiversity, its host and coadaptation is yet to be identified. Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria were found to dominate in long-distance-track athletes who train endurance, while Bacteroidescoccae dominated in sprinter runners. Marathon runners were found to have many representatives of conventionally pathogenic Veillonella genus. They convert lactate into propionate and acetate – substrates for ATF formation. Bacteria generate an additional energy and increase the endurance of an athlete. At the same time, they cause inflammatory process in the host’s gut. A temperature-increase effect is what the adaptation mechanisms to physical exercise and bacterial inflammatory process in the gut have in common. Rise in the temperature to a threshold value initiates an increased synthesis of heat-shock proteins, which regulate the function of the intestinal barrier by controlling high-density proteins. They are released from damaged or stressed cells and act as local “danger signals”. Detecting molecular mechanisms of interaction between the gut microbiota and the human organism subject to physical exercise can be a valuable for identifying safe volumes and thresholds of training load and maintaining health.
Not only for Christmas: Prophylactic oral application of trans-cinnamaldehyde alleviates acute murine campylobacteriosis
Authors: Heimesaat Markus M. , Mousavi Soraya , Weschka Dennis , Bereswill Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni infections is increasing worldwide and responsible for significant morbidities and socioeconomic expenses. The rise in antimicrobial resistance of C. jejuni underscores the urge for evaluating antibiotics-independent compounds as therapeutic and preventive treatment options of human campylobacteriosis. Given its well-known anti-microbial and immune-modulatory properties we here surveyed the disease-modifying effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde pretreatment in experimental campylobacteriosis. Therefore, secondary abiotic IL-10−/− mice were orally challenged with trans-cinnamaldehyde starting 7 days prior C. jejuni infection. Whereas gastrointestinal colonization properties of the enteropathogens remained unaffected, trans-cinnamaldehyde pretreatment did not only improve clinical signs in infected mice, but also alleviated colonic epithelial cell apoptosis on day 6 post-infection. Furthermore, trans-cinnamaldehyde application resulted in less pronounced T cell responses in the colon that were accompanied by dampened proinflammatory mediator secretion in distinct intestinal compartments. Notably, the immune-modulatory effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde were not restricted to the intestinal tract but could also be observed in extra-intestinal organs such as the liver and kidneys. In conclusion, our preclinical placebo-controlled intervention study provides first evidence that due to its immune-modulatory effects, trans-cinnamaldehyde constitutes a promising prophylactic option to alleviate campylobacteriosis.