bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Honey bees exhibit greater patch fidelity than bumble bees when foraging in a common environment
Authors: Fragoso Fabiana P. , Brunet Johanne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnimals commonly exhibit a tendency to return to previously visited locations. Such tendency is manifested at different scales, for example, fidelity to a site or fidelity to a specific patch within a site. Although patch fidelity has important implications for the pollinators and the plants they visit, our understanding of patch fidelity, and the extent to which it varies among bee species, remains limited. Here, we used a mark–reobservation approach to compare patch fidelity and patch size preference between one bumble bee and one honey bee species foraging on patches of Medicago sativa L. Honey bees exhibited greater patch fidelity (76%) than bumble bees (47%); they were more likely to return to the patch where they were marked. Patch size affected the level of patch fidelity for bumble bees but not for honey bees. Bumble bees were more likely to return to larger rather than smaller patches. In addition to patch fidelity, we detected preference of bees for the larger patches. Bees visited the larger patches more often than the smaller patches. These results add patch fidelity to the already known repertoire of differences in foraging strategies between a bumble bee and a honey bee species. It also indicates how the simultaneous study of distinct species in a similar environment can reveal important previously undetected information about their behavioral ecology. Observed differences in patch fidelity and patch size preferences may have important implications for crop pollination and conservation habitat design.
The influence of visions on cooperation among interest organizations in fragmented socio‐technical systems
Authors: Wesche J. P. , Negro S. O. , Brugger H. I. , Eichhammer W. , Hekkert M. P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe paper shows that visions of the future can be used as a predictor of cooperation and division between actors in their efforts to shape the institutional environment, specifically policy in socio‐technical systems. Accordingly, the paper suggests a new method to analyze visions: a virtual solution space in which visions can be grouped according to their similarity. The similarity of visions is calculated based on cluster analysis. Empirically, the paper focuses on the networks between industry associations in the heating transition in the German building sector. It shows that actors whose visions of future socio‐technical system developments overlap are more likely to cooperate with each other. It also suggests that the fragmentation of the residential heating system in Germany is reflected in a fragmented actor network. Furthermore, the authors show that shared technological interests can outweigh similar visions. These fragmented technological interests hinder meaningful cooperation. This is potentially one reason why a powerful low‐carbon heating coalition in Germany that could facilitate an accelerated deployment of low‐carbon heat systems by driving policy change has not emerged to date. The paper contributes to a better understanding of how niche actors in sustainability transitions use their agency and specifically strategize to bring about institutional change. In this respect, the authors discuss how differing levels of system‐fragmentation influence transition dynamics in general and institutional change dynamics in particular.
Knowledge about self‐efficacy and outcomes in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Yang Mingming , Kondo Toru , Adamson Carly , Butt Jawad H. , Abraham William T. , Desai Akshay S. , Jering Karola S. , Køber Lars , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Packer Milton , Rouleau Jean L. , Solomon Scott D. , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Zile Michael R. , Jhund Pardeep S. , McMurray John J.V. 
Published: June 2023

AimAlthough education in self‐management is thought to be an important aspect of the care of patients with heart failure, little is known about whether self‐rated knowledge of self‐management is associated with outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between patient‐reported knowledge of self‐management and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).Methods and resultsUsing individual patient data from three recent clinical trials enrolling participants with HFrEF, we examined patient characteristics and clinical outcomes according to responses to the ‘self‐efficacy’ questions of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire. One question quantifies patients' understanding of how to prevent heart failure exacerbations (‘prevention’ question) and the other how to manage complications when they arise (‘response’ question). Self‐reported answers from patients were pragmatically divided into: poor (do not understand at all, do not understand very well, somewhat understand), fair (mostly understand), and good (completely understand). Cox‐proportional hazard models were used to evaluate time‐to‐first occurrence of each endpoint, and negative binomial regression analysis was performed to compare the composite of total (first and repeat) heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular death across the above‐defined groups. Of patients (n = 17 629) completing the ‘prevention’ question, 4197 (23.8%), 6897 (39.1%), and 6535 (37.1%) patients had poor, fair, and good self‐rated knowledge, respectively. Of those completing the ‘response’ question (n = 17 637), 4033 (22.9%), 5463 (31.0%), and 8141 (46.2%) patients had poor, fair, and good self‐rated knowledge, respectively. For both questions, patients with ‘poor’ knowledge were older, more often female, and had a worse heart failure profile but similar treatment. The rates (95% confidence interval) per 100 person‐years for the primary composite outcome for ‘poor’, ‘moderate’ and ‘good’ self‐rated knowledge in answer to the ‘prevention’ question were 12.83 (12.11–13.60), 12.08 (11.53–12.65) and 11.55 (11.00–12.12), respectively, and for the ‘response’ question were 12.88 (12.13–13.67), 12.22 (11.60–12.86) and 11.56 (11.07–12.07), respectively. The lower event rates in patients with ‘good’ self‐rate knowledge were accounted for by lower rates of cardiovascular (and all‐cause) death and not hospitalization for worsening heart failure.ConclusionsPoor patient‐reported ‘self‐efficacy’ may be associated with higher rates of mortality. Evaluation of knowledge of ‘self‐efficacy’ may provide prognostic information and a guide to which patients may benefit from further education about self‐management.
Influenza vaccination and cardiovascular events in patients with ischaemic heart disease and heart failure: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Modin Daniel , Lassen Mats Christian Højbjerg , Claggett Brian , Johansen Niklas Dyrby , Keshtkar‐Jahromi Maryam , Skaarup Kristoffer Grundtvig , Nealon Joshua , Udell Jacob A. , Vardeny Orly , Solomon Scott D. , Gislason Gunnar , Biering‐Sørensen Tor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling patients at high cardiovascular risk have found that influenza vaccination may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events. We performed an updated meta‐analysis assessing the effect of influenza vaccination on the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with ischaemic heart disease or heart failure.Methods and resultsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE and other sources to identify RCTs examining the effect of influenza vaccination on the incidence of cardiovascular events assessed as efficacy outcomes in patients with ischaemic heart disease or heart failure. Eligible studies followed patients for at least one influenza season, defined as a minimum duration of 6 months. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, stent thrombosis or coronary revascularization, stroke or heart failure hospitalization. The secondary endpoints were cardiovascular death and all‐cause death. Two investigators independently identified and extracted data from studies. Results were compared using hazard ratios (HRs) in both random effects and fixed effects models. We included five peer‐reviewed and one non peer‐reviewed RCTs for a total of 9340 patients. Five trials included patients with ischaemic heart disease (n = 4211) and one trial included patients with heart failure (n = 5129). Influenza vaccination was associated with a reduced incidence of the primary composite endpoint (random effects HR [rHR] 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63–0.88, p < 0.001, I2 = 52%), cardiovascular death (rHR 0.63, 95% CI 0.42–0.95, p = 0.028, I2 = 58%) and all‐cause death (rHR 0.72, 95% CI 0.54–0.95, p = 0.0227, I2 = 52%). Results were similar when non peer‐reviewed data were excluded.ConclusionIn this meta‐analysis of available RCTs in patients at high cardiovascular risk, influenza vaccination was associated with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular events, cardiovascular death and all‐cause death as compared to placebo or no treatment.
Complement‐mediated immune mechanisms in allergy
Authors: Laumonnier Yves , Korkmaz Rabia Ülkü , Nowacka Alicja A. , Köhl Jörg 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAllergic conditions are associated with canonical and noncanonical activation of the complement system leading to the release of several bioactive mediators with inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties that regulate the immune response in response to allergens during the sensitization and/or the effector phase of allergic diseases. Further, immune sensors of complement and regulator proteins of the cascade impact on the development of allergies. These bioactive mediators comprise the small and large cleavage fragments of C3 and C5. Here, we provide an update on the multiple roles of immune sensors, regulators, and bioactive mediators of complement in allergic airway diseases, food allergies, and anaphylaxis. A particular emphasis is on the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a and their receptors, which are expressed on many of the effector cells in allergy such as mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, macrophages, and neutrophils. Also, we will discuss the multiple pathways, by which the anaphylatoxins initiate and control the development of maladaptive type 2 immunity including their impact on innate lymphoid cell recruitment and activation. Finally, we briefly comment on the potential to therapeutically target the complement system in different allergic conditions.
S‐palmitoylation regulates innate immune signaling pathways: molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies
Authors: Cai Jing , Cui Jun , Wang Liqiu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractS‐palmitoylation is a reversible posttranslational lipid modification that targets cysteine residues of proteins and plays critical roles in regulating the biological processes of substrate proteins. The innate immune system serves as the first line of defense against pathogenic invaders and participates in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Emerging studies have uncovered the functions of S‐palmitoylation in modulating innate immune responses. In this review, we focus on the reversible palmitoylation of innate immune signaling proteins, with particular emphasis on its roles in the regulation of protein localization, protein stability, and protein–protein interactions. We also highlight the potential and challenge of developing therapies that target S‐palmitoylation or de‐palmitoylation for various diseases.
Enantioselective Aldol Reaction with Difluoroenoxysilanes Catalyzed by Cationic Palladium Aqua Complexes
Authors: Livernaux Florian , Laviéville Sidonie , Guiffrey Pascale , Campagne Jean‐Marc , Leclerc Eric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe enantioselective addition of difluoroenoxysilanes to aromatic aldehydes, catalyzed by cationic palladium aqua complexes, has been described. The reaction is operationally simple, does not require anhydrous conditions and performs at room temperature. The palladium catalysts, previously discovered and reported by Sodeoka, are easily prepared in two steps from PdCl2(MeCN)2. The aldol compounds were obtained in good yields and with enantiomeric ratios up to 93 : 7, the reaction being more efficient using electron‐rich aldehydes.
Long memory conditional random fields on regular lattices
Authors: Ferretti Angela , Ippoliti L. , Valentini P. , Bhansali R. J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper draws its motivation from applications in geophysics, agricultural, and environmental sciences where empirical evidence of slow decay of correlations have been found for data observed on a regular lattice. Spatial ARFIMA models represent a widely used class of spatial models for analyzing such data. Here, we consider their generalization to conditional autoregressive fractional integrated moving average (CARFIMA) models, a larger class of long memory models which allows a wider range of correlation behavior. For this class we provide detailed descriptions of important representative models, make the necessary comparison with some other existing models, and discuss some important inferential and computational issues on estimation, simulation and long memory process approximation. Results from model fit comparison and predictive performance of CARFIMA models are also discussed through a statistical analysis of satellite land surface temperature data.
Catalytic effect of metal powder and MCM‐41/metal catalysts on the pyrolysis of cellulose
Authors: Genel Salih , Durak Halil , Genel Yaşar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of support catalysts on the pyrolysis process of cellulose by comparing it with metal powder catalysts. MCM‐41, MCM‐41/Al, MCM‐41/Fe, Al, and Fe metal powders were employed as catalysts, and the pyrolysis temperature was set at 350, 450, and 550°C. The MCM‐41 group catalysts were characterized using XRD, SEM–EDX, and SEM‐EDS techniques. GC–MS and elemental analysis methods were used to analyze the liquid products. The results indicate that different catalysts can affect the energy value and product variety of cellulose pyrolysis. Specifically, Al and Fe powder catalysts yielded higher liquid product yields compared to MCM‐41 group catalysts. The MCM‐41 group catalysts mainly produced monoaromatic compounds, while Al and Fe powder catalysts were more effective at producing aliphatic compounds. These findings suggest that the selection of catalysts can have a significant impact on the outcome of cellulose pyrolysis.
The usefulness of an intervention with a serious video game as a complementary approach to cognitive behavioural therapy in eating disorders: A pilot randomized clinical trial for impulsivity management
Authors: Vintró‐Alcaraz Cristina , Mallorquí‐Bagué Núria , Lozano‐Madrid María , Testa Giulia , Granero Roser , Sánchez Isabel , Treasure Janet , Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to test the usefulness of an add‐on serious video game approach (i.e., Playmancer) to treatment as usual (TAU) on reducing impulsive behaviours and psychopathology in individuals diagnosed with an eating disorder (ED).MethodThirty‐seven patients diagnosed with an ED according to the DSM‐5 were included in the present randomized clinical trial (RCT; study record 35,405 in ClinicalTrials.gov) and were randomly assigned to either the TAU or TAU + Playmancer group. All participants completed a clinical interview. Impulsivity (UPPS‐P self reported questionnaire and Stroop task) and general psychopathology (SCL‐90‐R) measures were assessed at: baseline, 4 weeks into treatment, at the end of TAU (after 16 weeks), and follow‐up (2 years). In addition, patients in the experimental group underwent a total of nine sessions with Playmancer over the span of 3 weeks.ResultsPatients in both treatment groups (TAU + Playmancer or TAU) improved on Stroop task performance and psychological distress. Additionally, patients in TAU‐Playmancer improved on the impulsive trait domain of lack of perseverance. No statistical differences were found regarding treatment outcomes (i.e., treatment adherence and remission of eating symptomatology) when comparing the two treatment groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that the impulsivity associated with EDs should be addressed and could be modified, as some facets of trait impulsivity improved after Playmancer add‐on treatment. Yet, there were no significant differences in treatment outcomes when comparing the two groups and further research needs to be conducted.
Residual mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures
Authors: Hawileh Rami A. , Quadri Syed Shah , Abdalla Jamal A. , Assad Maha , Thomas Blessen Skariah , Craig Deanna , Naser M. Z. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research examines the residual mechanical properties of normal and recycled aggregate concrete when subjected to elevated temperatures. The concrete specimens containing recycled aggregate (0%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were exposed to different temperatures (25, 200, 400, and 600°C) in a muffle furnace at a heating rate of 10°C/min. The variations in flexural strength, compressive strength, and density were then tested according to ASTM standards. Findings from this investigation indicate that the degradation in the mechanical strength of concrete does not seem to be significantly affected by the increase in the percentage of recycled aggregates. However, a significant and linear decrease in the density was observed at 400°C with an increase in the percentage of recycled aggregates. The degradation of the compressive and flexural strengths of recycled aggregate concrete with increasing temperatures obtained from the experimental analysis was compared with the analytical predictions provided by Eurocode 2. Moreover, simplified equations have been proposed to estimate the degradation of the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete at higher temperatures. The incorporation of recycled aggregates into concrete resulted in satisfactory residual performance.
Status of food safety knowledge, attitude, and practices of caregivers of children in northern Uganda
Authors: Achiro Eunice , Okidi Lawrence , Echodu Richard , Alarakol Simon Peter , Nassanga Prossy , Ongeng Duncan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe safety of homemade weaning foods in low‐ and middle‐income countries is of great concern as rural households have limited access to standardized commercial weaning foods. In the Acholi subregion of Uganda, complementary foods are locally produced. However, there is limited information on the Food safety knowledge (FSK), food safety attitude (FSA), and food hygiene practices (FHP) of the caregivers. This study examined food safety knowledge, attitude, and practices of the caregivers of children 6–23 months of age in Amuru and Nwoya districts, Northern Uganda, between March 2019 and June 2019. A cross‐sectional study was conducted involving 180 caregivers. Data were collected using semi‐structured questionnaires and focus group discussions and analyzed using descriptive statistics, multivariate binary logistic regression, and thematic content analysis. Caregivers had sufficient FSK (74.1%) and positive FSA (68.1%). However, only 17.6% of them adhered to FHP. Frequency of food safety training (p = .041) and households with children who suffered from foodborne illness (p = .001) significantly predicted FSK. Conversely, both FSK and FSA were significantly predicted by gender roles in decision‐making on household income (p = .006) and households with older children (p = .041). A significant positive correlation was observed between FSK and FSA (r = .406, p = .000). However, major barriers to adherence to FHP were inadequate sanitation facilities and caregiver's workload. The overall nontranslation of sufficient FSK and positive FSA into proper FHP calls for future intervention to harness the sociodemographic factors that influence FSK and FSA and address the barriers to FHP among caregivers.
Water budget of tropical volcanic lakes in center‐north Cameroon: Reconciling the stable isotope and chloride mass balance
Authors: Abba Souleyman , Hamelin Bruno , Michelot Jean‐Luc , Garcin Yannick , Deschamps Pierre 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Cameroon volcanic line (CVL) hosts numerous volcanic lakes whose internal processes and hydrological functioning remain poorly documented. A detailed understanding of these hydro‐systems is however essential, both for the consideration of these lakes as sentinels of the regional hydro‐climatic changes and for the calibration of palaeoenvironmental proxies. Here, we present a hydrological and geochemical investigation of five of these lakes (Mbalang, Tabere, Tizon, Gegouba and Baledjam) around Ngaoundere on the Adamawa Plateau, based on repeated sampling of water profiles and monthly monitoring of rain and lake water samples over two seasonal cycles. We show that each of these throughflow lakes bears a distinct geochemical and isotopic signature, despite quite similar morphometric characteristics and a common climatic regime, due to varying contribution of the watersheds to the water‐mass balance and different partitioning between evaporation (E) and outflow (Inflow minus E). We use these differences as a benchmark for a sensitivity analysis of the classical budget equations of conservative tracers. The results demonstrate that to reconcile chloride and stable isotope data with the standard single‐box steady state model would require unusual values of the physical parameters of Craig and Gordon's equation such as the n.θ term that would have to be significantly lower than its usual value (n.θ = 0.5). We also show that the data can be simulated more easily by including the inflow from the watershed while assuming that transpiration exceeds evaporation for this compartment. Using this conceptualization of the throughflow lakes, we were able to constrain the different fluxes. Transpiration from the watershed and evaporation from the lake are on the same order of magnitude, or slightly in favour of transpiration. While providing evaporation and transpiration rates which are in general in the right order of magnitude, the system of equations remains underdetermined at this stage. Only direct measurements of the isotopic composition of the atmosphere, possible by laser mass spectrometry, would allow to reduce the range of under‐determination of this problem.
A rare case report of cervical hemangioma and a comprehensive literature review of 137 cases of cervical and uterine hemangiomas
Authors: Farahani Maasomeh , Hashemi Seyyed‐Ali , Goodarzi Sogand , Hajikarimloo Bardia , Pour‐Ghazi Farzad , Noori Shahrzad , Alijani Saba , Khavandegar Armin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe cervix of the uterus is a rare site for cavernous hemangiomas. Cervical hemangiomas are slow‐growing tumors with characteristic histological findings, including dilated vessels with increased endothelial cells. Although their pathophysiology remains unclear, hormones are believed to play an important role in the development of these vascular tumors. They may be asymptomatic due to their small size, but they can cause gynecological and obstetrical complications, including abnormal uterine bleeding and impaired fertility. Due to their small size, conservative treatment is the first line of management. Hysterectomy is considered for refractory cases or for patients who are not of childbearing age. In this study, firstly, we presented a case of a 60‐year‐old postmenopausal female without any gynecological‐related signs or symptoms with a polypoid nodule hanging over the anterior cervical wall through its stalk. The surgical biopsy revealed no signs of neoplastic changes, with the only notable finding being a benign vascular lesion representing a cavernous hemangiomatous cervical polyp. The patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy and she is currently healthy without any further abnormal findings. Additionally, we provided a comprehensive review of 137 cases in the literature since 1883, detailing their characteristics, signs and symptoms, and pathology.