bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A MUSE view of the multiple interacting system HCG 31
Authors: Gómez-Espinoza Diego A , Torres-Flores S , Firpo V , Amram Philippe , Epinat Benoit , Contini Thierry , Mendes de Oliveira Claudia 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We present, for the first time, spatially resolved spectroscopy for the entire Hickson Compact Group 31 obtained with the MUSE instrument at the VLT and an in-depth analysis of this compact group. To obtain a complete understanding of the system, we derived radial velocity and dispersion velocity maps, maps of the ionization mechanism of the system, chemical abundances and their distribution over the whole system, star formation rates and ages of the different star-forming regions, and the spatial distribution of the Wolf–Rayet stellar population. We also reconstructed the star formation history of the galaxies HCG 31 A, C, B, and F, measured the emission-line fluxes, and performed a stellar population synthesis. Our main findings are: (i) that there is clearly disturbed kinematics due to the merger event that the system is experiencing; (ii) that the ionization is produced exclusively via star formation except for the nucleus of the galaxy HCG 31 A, where there is a small contribution of shocks; (iii) that there is low oxygen abundance distributed homogeneously through the system; (iv) that there is a prominent population of carbon Wolf–Rayet stars in the central zone of the group; and (v) that there are clear evidences of the tidal origin of the galaxies HCG 31 E, HCG 31 H, and HCG 31 F because they show quite high oxygen abundances for their stellar mass. All these findings are clear evidence that HCG 31 is currently in an early merging phase and manifesting a starburst in its central region.
Spatially resolved chemodynamics of the starburst dwarf galaxy CGCG 007-025: evidence for recent accretion of metal-poor gas
Authors: del Valle-Espinosa Macarena G , Sánchez-Janssen Rubén , Amorín Ricardo , Fernández Vital , Sánchez Almeida Jorge , García Lorenzo Begoña , Papaderos Polychronis 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Nearby metal-poor starburst dwarf galaxies present a unique opportunity to probe the physics of high-density star formation with a detail and sensitivity unmatched by any observation of the high-z Universe. Here, we present the first results from a chemodynamical study of the nearby, gas-rich starburst dwarf CGCG 007-025. We use VLT/MUSE integral field spectroscopy to characterize the properties of the star-forming (SF) gas, from its metal content to its kinematics. The star formation rate (SFR) surface density presents a clumpy distribution, with the brightest knot hosting a 5 Myr young, Wolf–Rayet (WR) population (revealed by the presence of the characteristic 5808 Å WR bump). The ionized gas kinematics are dominated by disordered motions. A superposition of a narrow (σ ≈ 30km s−1), intermediate (150 km s−1), and broad (1000 km s−1) kinematic components are needed to model the emission-line profiles in the brightest SF region, suggesting the presence of energetic outflows from massive stars. The gas-phase metallicity of the galaxy spans 0.6 dex and displays a strong anticorrelation with SFR surface density, dropping to 12 + log(O/H) = 7.7 in the central SF knot. The spatially resolved BPTs indicate the gas is being ionized purely by SF processes. Finally, the anticorrelation between the SFR and the gas metallicity points out to accretion of metal-poor gas as the origin of the recent off-centre starburst, in which the infalling material ignites the SF episode.
The role of mass and environment in the build-up of the quenched galaxy population since cosmic noon
Authors: Taylor Elizabeth , Almaini Omar , Merrifield Michael , Maltby David , Wild Vivienne , Hartley William G , Rowlands Kate 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We conduct the first study of how the relative quenching probability of galaxies depends on environment over the redshift range 0.5 &lt; z &lt; 3, using data from the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey. By constructing the stellar mass functions for quiescent and post-starburst (PSB) galaxies in high-, medium-, and low-density environments to z = 3, we find an excess of quenched galaxies in dense environments out to at least z ∼ 2. Using the growth rate in the number of quenched galaxies, combined with the star-forming galaxy mass function, we calculate the probability that a given star-forming galaxy is quenched per unit time. We find a significantly higher quenching rate in dense environments (at a given stellar mass) at all redshifts. Massive galaxies (M* &gt; 1010.7 M⊙) are on average 1.7 ± 0.2 times more likely to quench per Gyr in the densest third of environments compared to the sparsest third. Finally, we compare the quiescent galaxy growth rate to the rate at which galaxies pass through a PSB phase. Assuming a visibility time-scale of 500 Myr, we find that the PSB route can explain ∼50 per cent of the growth in the quiescent population at high stellar mass (M* &gt; 1010.7 M⊙) in the redshift range 0.5 &lt; z &lt; 3, and potentially all of the growth at lower stellar masses.
Evidence for scattering of curvature radiation in radio pulsar profiles
Authors: Dyks J 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Radio pulsars exhibit several unexplained phenomena, in particular the average pulse profiles with the apparent core-cone structure and interesting frequency evolution. I show that they can be interpreted through essential geometric properties of the inverse Compton scattering. If the scattering occurs in a dipolar magnetosphere and the mean free path is long, a nested cone structure is expected with the cone size ratio of two-thirds, which is consistent with observations. Being a discontinuous process, the scattering is consistent with the discrete altitude structure of emission rings, as derived from aberration–retardation effects. Assuming that the upscattered signal is the curvature radiation (CR), one can interpret the observed bifurcated components (BCs) as a magnified microbeam of CR: the BCs are wide low-frequency CR microbeams that have been upshifted in frequency with their width preserved by beam-copying scattering in divergent magnetic field. The large flux of BCs is partly caused by compression of the full emitted spectrum into the narrow observed bandwidth, which explains why the frequency-resolved BCs have the frequency-integrated shape. The wide low-frequency microbeams can encompass large magnetospheric volumes, which considerably abates the requirements of the energy needed for coherency. The properties of BCs thus suggest that the observed modulated radio flux is strongly affected by the scattering-driven blueshift and spectral compression. The relativistic beaming formula (1/γ) is not always applicable, in the sense that it may not be directly applied to some blueshifted profile features.
SILCC – VII. Gas kinematics and multiphase outflows of the simulated ISM at high gas surface densities
Authors: Rathjen Tim-Eric , Naab Thorsten , Walch Stefanie , Seifried Daniel , Girichidis Philipp , Wünsch Richard 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We present magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the star-forming multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) in stratified galactic patches with gas surface densities Σgas = 10, 30, 50, and 100 $\mathrm{M_\odot \, pc^{-2}}$. The silcc project simulation framework accounts for non-equilibrium thermal and chemical processes in the warm and cold ISM. The sink-based star formation and feedback model includes stellar winds, hydrogen-ionizing UV radiation, core-collapse supernovae, and cosmic ray (CR) injection and diffusion. The simulations follow the observed relation between Σgas and the star formation rate surface density ΣSFR. CRs qualitatively change the outflow phase structure. Without CRs, the outflows transition from a two-phase (warm and hot at 1 kpc) to a single-phase (hot at 2 kpc) structure. With CRs, the outflow always has three phases (cold, warm, and hot), dominated in mass by the warm phase. The impact of CRs on mass loading decreases for higher Σgas and the mass loading factors of the CR-supported outflows are of order unity independent of ΣSFR. Similar to observations, vertical velocity dispersions of the warm ionized medium (WIM) and the cold neutral medium (CNM) correlate with the star formation rate as $\sigma _\mathrm{z} \propto \Sigma _\mathrm{SFR}^a$, with a ∼ 0.20. In the absence of stellar feedback, we find no correlation. The velocity dispersion of the WIM is a factor ∼2.2 higher than that of the CNM, in agreement with local observations. For $\Sigma _\mathrm{SFR} \gtrsim 1.5 \times 10^{-2}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}\, \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}$ the WIM motions become supersonic.
A broad survey of spectro-temporal properties from FRB 20121102A
Authors: Chamma Mohammed A , Rajabi Fereshteh , Kumar Aishwarya , Houde Martin 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We survey the spectro-temporal properties of fast radio bursts from FRB 20121102A observed by earlier studies across a wide range of frequencies. We investigate 167 bursts from FRB 20121102A spanning frequencies 1–7.5 GHz, durations of less than 1 to ∼10 ms, with low and high energies, and with different wait-times. We find from this sample of bursts a strong agreement with the inverse relationship between sub-burst slope and duration and with other predictions made by the triggered relativistic dynamical model. Earlier results found agreement with those predictions across three different repeating FRB sources. For this sample of bursts, we find that the sub-burst slope as well as the ‘sad trombone’ drift rate are consistent with being in a quadratic relationship with frequency and that both these quantities are inversely proportional to the duration. We also find that the duration decreases with increasing frequency as well as a statistically significant correlation between the sub-burst duration and bandwidth (proportional to t−1/2) that is unexpected. No distinct group of bursts in this sample deviated from these relationships, however significant scatter can be seen in measurements. This study demonstrates the consistent existence of relationships between the spectro-temporal properties of bursts from a repeating FRB source. A simple explanation for the inverse relation between the sub-burst slope and duration is an inherently narrowband emission process. We make all measurements available as well as a graphical user interface called Frbgui developed and used to perform measurements of burst waterfalls.
Constraints on the inner regions of lensing galaxies from central images using a recent AGN offset distribution
Authors: Perera D , Williams L L R , Scarlata C 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
In gravitational lensing, central images in quads can serve as a powerful probe of the inner regions of lens galaxies. The presence of an offset central supermassive black hole (SMBH) has the potential to distort the time-delay surface in a way such that three central images form: a strongly demagnified image near the SMBH, and two less demagnified (and potentially observable) images at a central maximum and saddle point. Using a quad-lens macro-model, we simulate the constraints that could be placed on various lens galaxy parameters based on their central images’ probability of detection or non-detection. Informed by a recent low-redshift distribution of off-nucleus active galactic nucleus, we utilize Bayesian inference to constrain the mean SMBH off-nucleus distance and galactic core radius for a sample of six quads. In general, we find that a detection of the central image in any quad would favour larger SMBH off-nucleus distances and galaxy core sizes. Assuming a linear relationship between core radii and velocity dispersion rc = bσ, these results similarly imply strong constraints on b, where the likely case of a central image non-detection in each quad constrains b to $3.11^{+2.72}_{-2.26} \times 10^{-4}$ kpc km−1 s. Our results show that tight constraints on lens galaxy parameters can be made regardless of a detection or non-detection of a central image. Therefore, we recommend observational searches for the central image, possibly using our suggested novel detection technique in ultraviolet filters, to formalize stronger constraints on lens galaxy parameters.
New eruptive variable(s) in the RAFGL 7009S H ii region
Authors: Nikoghosyan E H , Azatyan N M , Andreasyan D H , Kaper L , Samsonyan A L , Yeghikyan A G , Baghdasaryan D S , Harutyunyan N A 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Eruptions of young stellar objects (YSOs) are rare events, therefore a new outburst is always noteworthy. We present two new high-amplitude variable YSOs, J183421.85−055951.0 (#1) and J183421.39−055937.7 (#2), in the RAFGL 7009S star-forming region. We find them in the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey Galactic Plane Survey data base, and supplement these data with archived infrared and millimetre photometric and spectral images and data from the Spitzer Infrared Array Camera, the K-band Multi-Object Spectrograph, and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data bases. The outburst in #1 occurred in the period 2007–2011, during which the brightness increased by ∼2.7 mag in the K band and by ∼2.5 mag in the 3.6 μm band. The colour indices indicate a YSO in Class I/II evolutionary stage. After outburst, the K-band spectrum shows the CO band, Brγ, Mg i in absorption and H2 in emission – characteristics associated with a FU Orionis (FUors)-type eruptive variable. Object #1 is associated with an outflow detected in the near-infrared and millimetre ranges, mainly in the H2, SiO, HCO+, and HCN lines. Object #2 only shows high-amplitude variability in the K band (ΔK  =  2.0 mag) while its colour indices before outburst indicate a YSO at an early evolutionary stage. There is no obvious outflow activity associated with this object. We classify #1 as a FUor-type eruptive variable based on the obtained data. The limited information on #2 makes it difficult to draw definite conclusions about the nature of its variability.
Studying the multifrequency angular power spectrum of the cosmic dawn 21-cm signal
Authors: Shaw Abinash Kumar , Ghara Raghunath , Zaroubi Saleem , Mondal Rajesh , Mellema Garrelt , Mertens Florent , Koopmans Léon V E , Semelin Benoît 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The light-cone (LC) anisotropy arises due to cosmic evolution of the cosmic dawn (CD) 21-cm signal along the line-of-sight (LoS) axis of the observation volume. The LC effect makes the signal statistically non-ergodic along the LoS axis. The multifrequency angular power spectrum (MAPS) provides an unbiased alternative to the popular three-dimensional (3D) power spectrum as it does not assume statistical ergodicity along every direction in the signal volume. Unlike the 3D power spectrum which mixes the cosmic evolution of the 21-cm signal along the LoS k modes, MAPS keeps the evolution information disentangled. Here, we first study the impact of different underlying physical processes during CD on the behaviour of the 21-cm MAPS using simulations of various different scenarios and models. We also make error predictions in 21-cm MAPS measurements considering only the system noise and cosmic variance for mock observations of Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), NenuFAR, and SKA-Low. We find that 100 h of HERA observations will be able to measure 21-cm MAPS at ≥3σ for ℓ ≲ 1000 with $0.1\, {\rm MHz}$ channel-width. The better sensitivity of SKA-Low allows reaching this sensitivity up to ℓ ≲ 3000. Note that due to the difference in the frequency coverage of the various experiments, the CD–epoch of reionization model considered for NenuFAR is different than those used for the HERA and SKA-Low predictions. Considering NenuFAR with the new model, measurements ≥2σ are possible only for ℓ ≲ 600 with $0.2\, {\rm MHz}$ channel-width and for a 10 times longer observation time of tobs = 1000 h. However, for the range 300 ≲ ℓ ≲ 600 and tobs = 1000 h more than 3σ measurements are still possible for NenuFAR when combining consecutive frequency channels within a 5 MHz band.
3D hydrodynamics simulations of internal gravity waves in red giant branch stars
Authors: Blouin Simon , Mao Huaqing , Herwig Falk , Denissenkov Pavel , Woodward Paul R , Thompson William R 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the first 3D hydrodynamics simulations of the excitation and propagation of internal gravity waves (IGWs) in the radiative interiors of low-mass stars on the red giant branch (RGB). We use the ppmstar explicit gas dynamics code to simulate a portion of the convective envelope and all the radiative zone down to the hydrogen-burning shell of a $1.2\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ upper RGB star. We perform simulations for different grid resolutions (7683, 15363, and 28803), a range of driving luminosities, and two different stratifications (corresponding to the bump luminosity and the tip of the RGB). Our RGB tip simulations can be directly performed at the nominal luminosity, circumventing the need for extrapolations to lower luminosities. A rich, continuous spectrum of IGWs is observed, with a significant amount of total power contained at high wavenumbers. By following the time evolution of a passive dye in the stable layers, we find that IGW mixing in our simulations is weaker than predicted by a simple analytical prescription based on shear mixing and not efficient enough to explain the missing RGB extra mixing. However, we may be underestimating the efficiency of IGW mixing given that our simulations include a limited portion of the convective envelope. Quadrupling its radial extent compared to our fiducial set-up increases convective velocities by up to a factor 2 and IGW velocities by up to a factor 4. We also report the formation of a $\sim 0.2\, H_P$ penetration zone and evidence that IGWs are excited by plumes that overshoot into the stable layers.
Velocity relationships of isolated galaxy pairs in support of MOND-type theories
Authors: Penner A Raymond 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The MOND-type theories of AQUADratic Lagrangian (AQUAL) and GRavitational Anti-Screening (GRAS) are applied to isolated galaxy pairs. Theoretical relationships between their intervelocities, line-of-sight velocities, and their baryonic masses will be derived. These relationships will be compared with observations taken of a set of 3970 highly isolated pairs. The theoretical velocity relationships and distributions provided by AQUAL and GRAS are found to be in very good agreement with these observations. This agreement indirectly implies that there is no fall-off in the rotational curves of galaxies, which remain flat out to large distances.
Combined B-cell immunomodulation with rituximab and belimumab in severe, refractory TAFRO syndrome associated with Sjögren’s syndrome: A case report
Authors: Watanabe Mitsuru , Haji Yoichiro , Hozumi Mirai , Amari Yui , Mizuno Yukina , Ito Takanori , Kato Mizuki , Okada Masato 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
TAFRO syndrome is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology. It is characterised by thrombocytopenia, anasarca, myelofibrosis, renal dysfunction, and organomegaly. Herein, we report the case of a 60-year-old male with TAFRO syndrome. A few weeks after the patient developed an intermittent fever, he presented to our hospital with diarrhoea, abdominal distension, and whole-body oedema (face, extremities, and abdomen). Autoantibody and lip biopsy findings supported the diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome. High-dose steroids and tocilizumab were used to treat his refractory thrombocytopenia and ascites. However, systemic inflammation and renal dysfunction did not improve, resulting in temporary haemodialysis. Eventually, combined B-cell immunomodulation therapy with rituximab and belimumab ameliorated the patient’s symptoms. About 16 weeks after discharge, the overall condition of the patient had improved. The TAFRO syndrome may be a severe manifestation of primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Considering the immunological context, combined B-cell immunomodulation therapy provides new insights into improving this life-threatening disease and enables rapid steroid tapering.
Combination treatment with Janus kinase inhibitor and nintedanib for rheumatoid arthritis with progressive interstitial lung disease: A case report
Authors: Mochizuki Takeshi , Yano Koichiro , Ikari Katsunori , Okazaki Ken 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Nintedanib has been approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Herein, we described the case of an 87-year-old woman treated with Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi). Chest computed tomography revealed increased honeycombing; she was administered nintedanib while continuing RA treatment. The combination treatment (JAKi and nintedanib) controlled the RA disease activity without ILD deterioration. This case shows the potential of combination treatment with JAKi and nintedanib for the prevention of worsening of disease activity in RA and ILD.
Expression pattern and prognostic implication of zinc homeostasis-related genes in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhu Bo , Yang Chunhao , Sun Longshuo , Li Zhonghua , Li Jiahuang , Hua Zi-Chun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Zinc homeostasis is regulated by the SLC39A/ZIP, SLC30A/ZnT, and metallothionein (MT) protein families. The association of zinc homeostasis with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unclear. We previously demonstrated that zinc depletion by TPEN triggers apoptosis in NB4 AML cells with the degradation of PML–RARα oncoprotein, suggesting that zinc homeostasis may be associated with AML. The primary aim of this study was to explore the expression pattern and prognostic roles of zinc homeostasis-related genes in AML. Bioinformatics analyses were performed using integrated datasets from the TCGA and GTEx projects. The GEPIA tool was used to analyze the differential expression of zinc homeostasis-related genes. Correlations between zinc homeostasis-related genes were assessed with Spearman's correlation coefficient. OncoLnc was used to evaluate the prognostic roles of zinc homeostasis-related genes with Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression models. In both NB4 and U937 cells, the transcriptional regulation of zinc homeostasis-related genes by zinc depletion was detected through qPCR. We found that multiple ZIPs, ZnTs, and MTs were differentially expressed and correlated in AML tumors. In AML patients, higher expression of ZIP4 and lower expression of ZnT5 and ZnT7 predicted poorer survival. We further found that zinc depletion by TPEN upregulated ZIP7, ZIP9, ZIP10, ZIP13, and ZnT7 and downregulated ZIP14, ZnT1, ZnT6, and most of the positively expressed MTs in both NB4 and U937 AML cells. Our findings suggest high expression of ZIP4 and low expression of ZnT5 and ZnT7 as potential risk factors for the prognosis of AML. Zinc homeostasis may be a potential therapeutic target for AML, deserving further exploration.