bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyatomic logics and generalized Blok–Esakia theory
Authors: Nicolau Almeida Rodrigo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel concept of a polyatomic logic and initiates its systematic study. This approach, inspired by inquisitive semantics, is obtained by taking a variant of a given logic, obtained by looking at the fragment covered by a selector term. We introduce an algebraic semantics for these logics and prove algebraic completeness. These logics are then related to translations, through the introduction of a number of classes of translations involving selector terms, which are noted to be ubiquitous in algebraic logic. In this setting, we also introduce a generalized Blok–Esakia theory, which can be developed for special classes of translations. We conclude by showing some systematic connections between the theory of polyatomic logics and the general Blok–Esakia theory for a wide class of interesting translations.
Spectral variability of photospheric radiation due to faculae – II. Facular contrasts for cool main-sequence stars
Authors: Norris Charlotte M , Unruh Yvonne C , Witzke Veronika , Solanki Sami K , Krivova Natalie A , Shapiro Alexander I , Yeo Kok Leng , Cameron Robert , Beeck Benjamin 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Magnetic features on the surface of stars, such as spots and faculae, cause stellar spectral variability on time-scales of days and longer. For stars other than the Sun, the spectral signatures of faculae are poorly understood, limiting our ability to account for stellar pollution in exoplanet transit observations. Here we present the first facular contrasts derived from magnetoconvection simulations for K0, M0, and M2 main-sequence stars and compare them to previous calculations for G2 main-sequence stars. We simulate photospheres and immediate subsurface layers of main-sequence spectral types between K0 and M2, with different injected vertical magnetic fields (0 G, 100 G, 300 G, and 500 G) using MURaM, a 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamics code. We show synthetic spectra and contrasts from the UV (300 nm) to the IR (10 000 nm) calculated using the ATLAS9 radiative transfer code. The calculations are performed for nine viewing angles to characterize the facular radiation across the disc. The brightness contrasts of magnetic regions are found to change significantly across spectral type, wavelength, and magnetic field strength, leading to the conclusion that accurate contrasts cannot be found by scaling solar values. This is due to features of different size, apparent structure and spectral brightness emerging in the presence of a given magnetic field for different spectral types.
The temporally evolving energy and waiting time statistics of two repeating fast radio bursts
Authors: Sang Yu , Lin Hai-Nan 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Based on two very large samples of repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs), i.e. FRB 20121102A and FRB 20201124A observed by the FAST telescope, we study the statistical properties of energy and waiting time. The bent power-law (BPL) model, thresholded power-law (TPL) model, and Band function are used to fit the distribution of energy, and the BPL model and exponential (EXP) model are used to fit the distribution of waiting time. It is found that no single model can fit the distribution of energy or waiting time well in the full range. To investigate the possible temporal evolution, we divide the full samples into several subsamples according to the observing sessions. We find that the distribution of energy for all subsamples can be well fitted by both BPL model and TPL model, while the distribution of waiting time for all subsamples can be well fitted by both BPL model and EXP model. Importantly, for the distribution of energy, the BPL index β of all the subsamples is almost invariant, but the median value parameter xb varies significantly. Similar situation happens in the distribution of waiting time. Furthermore, for the distribution of waiting time, the occurrence rate parameter λ in EXP model varies significantly. These features show that there may be a common emission mechanism for repeating FRBs, but the burst energy and occurrence rate are temporally evolving.
Systematic performance of the ASKAP fast radio burst search algorithm
Authors: Qiu Hao , Keane Evan F , Bannister Keith W , James Clancy W , Shannon Ryan M 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Detecting fast radio bursts (FRBs) requires software pipelines to search for dispersed single pulses of emission in radio telescope data. In order to enable an unbiased estimation of the underlying FRB population, it is important to understand the algorithm efficiency with respect to the search parameter space and thus the survey completeness. The Fast Real-time Engine for Dedispersing Amplitudes (fredda) search pipeline is a single pulse detection pipeline designed to identify radio pulses over a large range of dispersion measures (DM) with low latency. It is used on the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) for the Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transients (CRAFT) project. We utilize simulated single pulses in the low- and high-frequency observation bands of ASKAP to analyse the performance of the pipeline and infer the underlying FRB population. The simulation explores the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) recovery as a function of DM and the temporal duration of FRB pulses in comparison to injected values. The effects of intrachannel broadening caused by dispersion are also carefully studied in this work using control data sets. Our results show that for Gaussian-like single pulses, &gt;85 per cent of the injected signal is recovered by pipelines such as fredda at DM &lt;3000 pc cm−3 using standard boxcar filters compared to an ideal incoherent dedispersion match filter. Further calculations with sensitivity implies at least ∼10 per cent of FRBs in a Euclidean universe at target sensitivity will be missed by fredda and heimdall, another common pipeline, in ideal radio environments at 1.1 GHz.
Interferometric apodization by homothety – I. Optimization of the device parameters
Authors: Chafi J , El Azhari Y , Azagrouze O , Jabiri A , Benkhaldoun Z , Habib A , Errazzouki Y 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
This study is focused on the very high dynamic imaging field, specifically the direct observation of exoplanetary systems. The coronagraph is an essential technique for suppressing the star’s light, making it possible to detect an exoplanet with a very weak luminosity compared to its host star. Apodization improves the rejection of the coronagraph, thereby increasing its sensitivity. This work presents the apodization method by interferometry using homothety, with either a rectangular or circular aperture. We discuss the principle method, the proposed experimental set-up, and present the obtained results by optimizing the free parameters of the system while concentrating the maximum of the light energy in the central diffraction lobe, with a concentration rate of 93.6 per cent for the circular aperture and 91.5 per cent for the rectangular geometry. The obtained results enabled scaling the various elements of the experiment in accordance with practical constraints. Simulation results are presented for both circular and rectangular apertures. We performed simulations on a hexagonal aperture, both with and without a central obstruction, as well as a segmented aperture similar to the one used in the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). This approach enables the attainment of a contrast of approximately 10−4 at small angular separations, specifically around 1.8λ/D. When integrated with a coronagraph, this technique exhibits great promise. These findings confirm that our proposed technique can effectively enhance the performance of a coronagraph.
The ionizing photon production efficiency at z ∼ 6 for Lyman-alpha emitters using JEMS and MUSE
Authors: Simmonds C , Tacchella S , Maseda M , Williams C C , Baker W M , Witten C E C , Johnson B D , Robertson B , Saxena A , Sun F , Witstok J , Bhatawdekar R , Boyett K , Bunker A J , Charlot S , Curtis-Lake E , Egami E , Eisenstein D J , Ji Z , Maiolino R , Sandles L , Smit R , Übler H , Willott C J 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We study the ionizing photon production efficiency at the end of the Epoch of Reionization (z ∼ 5.4 − 6.6) for a sample of 30 Ly α emitters. This is a crucial quantity to infer the ionizing photon budget of the universe. These objects were selected to have reliable spectroscopic redshifts, assigned based on the profile of their Ly α emission line, detected in the MUSE deep fields. We exploit medium-band observations from the JWST Extragalactic Medium-band Survey (JEMS) to find the flux excess corresponding to the redshifted Hα emission line. We estimate the ultraviolet (UV) luminosity by fitting the full JEMS photometry, along with several HST photometric points, with Prospector. We find a median UV continuum slope of $\beta = -2.09^{+0.23}_{-0.21}$, indicating young stellar populations with little-to-no dust attenuation. Supported by this, we derive ξion,0 with no dust attenuation and find a median value of log$\frac{\xi _{ion,0}}{\text{Hz erg}^{-1}} = 25.44^{+0.21}_{-0.15}$. If we perform dust attenuation corrections and assume a Calzetti attenuation law, our values are lowered by ∼0.1 dex. Our results suggest Ly α emitters at the Epoch of Reionization have slightly enhanced ξion,0 compared to previous estimations from literature, in particular, when compared to the non-Ly α emitting population. This initial study provides a promising outlook on the characterization of ionizing photon production in the early universe. In the future, a more extensive study will be performed on the entire data set provided by the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). Thus, for the first time, allowing us to place constraints on the wider galaxy populations driving reionization.
The variational slope of quasar light curves is not a distance indicator
Authors: Burke Colin J 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
When the time difference quotients, or variational slopes, of quasar light curves are plotted against their absolute magnitudes, there is a tight positive correlation of ∼0.16 dex in the variational slope direction or ∼0.5 dex in the absolute magnitude direction. This finding resulted in suggestions that a variational slope–luminosity relation could be used as a distance indicator. However, I show that this relation can be explained almost entirely from self-correlation with luminosity. After properly accounting for the self-correlation component, the relation has a true scatter of ∼1.5 dex in luminosity, consistent with established correlations for quasar variability amplitudes. Given this large scatter, correlation with variational slope or variability amplitude and luminosity is not by itself a suitable distance indicator for quasars.
A Description of Harmful Events Reported by Music Therapists in Their Everyday Clinical Practice
Authors: Jackson Valerie , Meadows Anthony 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Twelve music therapists working in a range of settings throughout the United States were interviewed and asked to recall harmful events they experienced during music therapy sessions. In total, 61 harmful or potentially harmful events were described and subsequently analyzed using procedures consistent with qualitative content analysis. Four categories emerged that characterized these harmful events: (1) emotional harm, (2) physiological harm, (3) physical harm, and (4) relationship harm. Within each of these categories, therapist self-awareness, clinical decision-making, and clinical competence are discussed. The findings suggest a need for increased awareness of the potential for harm in music therapy clinical practice, increased education for students and new professionals entering clinical training/practice, as well as additional research exploring the ways music therapists may define, navigate, and prevent harm.
A ribozyme that uses lanthanides as cofactor
Authors: Sweeney Kevin J , Han Xu , Müller Ulrich F 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To explore how an early, RNA-based life form could have functioned, in vitro selection experiments have been used to develop catalytic RNAs (ribozymes) with relevant functions. We previously identified ribozymes that use the prebiotically plausible energy source cyclic trimetaphosphate (cTmp) to convert their 5′-hydroxyl group to a 5′-triphosphate. While these ribozymes were developed in the presence of Mg2+, we tested here whether lanthanides could also serve as catalytic cofactors because lanthanides are ideal catalytic cations for this reaction. After an in vitro selection in the presence of Yb3+, several active sequences were isolated, and the most active RNA was analyzed in more detail. This ribozyme required lanthanides for activity, with highest activity at a 10:1 molar ratio of cTmp : Yb3+. Only the four heaviest lanthanides gave detectable signals, indicating a high sensitivity of ribozyme catalysis to the lanthanide ion radius. Potassium and Magnesium did not facilitate catalysis alone but they increased the lanthanide-mediated kOBS by at least 100-fold, with both K+ and Mg2+ modulating the ribozyme's secondary structure. Together, these findings show that RNA is able to use the unique properties of lanthanides as catalytic cofactor. The results are discussed in the context of early life forms.
Achieving pan-microbiome biological insights via the dbBact knowledge base
Authors: Amir Amnon , Ozel Eitan , Haberman Yael , Shental Noam 
Published: June 2023

Abstract16S rRNA amplicon sequencing provides a relatively inexpensive culture-independent method for studying microbial communities. Although thousands of such studies have examined diverse habitats, it is difficult for researchers to use this vast trove of experiments when interpreting their own findings in a broader context. To bridge this gap, we introduce dbBact – a novel pan-microbiome resource. dbBact combines manually curated information from studies across diverse habitats, creating a collaborative central repository of 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), which are assigned multiple ontology-based terms. To date dbBact contains information from more than 1000 studies, which include 1500000 associations between 360000 ASVs and 6500 ontology terms. Importantly, dbBact offers a set of computational tools allowing users to easily query their own datasets against the database. To demonstrate how dbBact augments standard microbiome analysis we selected 16 published papers, and reanalyzed their data via dbBact. We uncovered novel inter-host similarities, potential intra-host sources of bacteria, commonalities across different diseases and lower host-specificity in disease-associated bacteria. We also demonstrate the ability to detect environmental sources, reagent-borne contaminants, and identify potential cross-sample contaminations. These analyses demonstrate how combining information across multiple studies and over diverse habitats leads to better understanding of underlying biological processes.
Combined heat and water stress leads to local xylem failure and tissue damage in pyrethrum flowers
Authors: Carins-Murphy Madeline R , Cochard Hervé , Deans Ross M , Gracie Alistair J , Brodribb Timothy J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Flowers are critical for angiosperm reproduction and the production of food, fiber, and pharmaceuticals, yet for unknown reasons, they appear particularly sensitive to combined heat and drought stress. A possible explanation for this may be the co-occurrence of leaky cuticles in flower petals and a vascular system that has a low capacity to supply water and is prone to failure under water stress. These characteristics may render reproductive structures more susceptible than leaves to runaway cavitation—an uncontrolled feedback cycle between rising water stress and declining water transport efficiency that can rapidly lead to lethal tissue desiccation. We provide modeling and empirical evidence to demonstrate that flower damage in the perennial crop pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium), in the form of irreversible desiccation, corresponds with runaway cavitation in the flowering stem after a combination of heat and water stress. We show that tissue damage is linked to greater evaporative demand during high temperatures rather than direct thermal stress. High floral transpiration dramatically reduced the soil water deficit at which runaway cavitation was triggered in pyrethrum flowering stems. Identifying runaway cavitation as a mechanism leading to heat damage and reproductive losses in pyrethrum provides different avenues for process-based modeling to understand the impact of climate change on cultivated and natural plant systems. This framework allows future investigation of the relative susceptibility of diverse plant species to reproductive failure under hot and dry conditions.
Exogenous gibberellin delays maturation in persimmon fruit through transcriptional activators and repressors
Authors: Wu Wei , Sun Ning-jing , Xu Yang , Chen Yu-tong , Liu Xiao-fen , Shi Li-yu , Chen Wei , Zhu Qing-gang , Gong Bang-chu , Yin Xue-ren , Yang Zhen-feng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As the harvest season of most fruit is concentrated, fruit maturation manipulation is essential for the fresh fruit industry to prolong sales time. Gibberellin (GA), an important phytohormone necessary for plant growth and development, has also shown a substantial regulatory effect on fruit maturation; however, its regulatory mechanisms remain inconclusive. In this research, preharvest GA3 treatment effectively delayed fruit maturation in several persimmon (Diospyros kaki) cultivars. Among the proteins encoded by differentially expressed genes, 2 transcriptional activators (NAC TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DkNAC24 and ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR DkERF38) and a repressor (MYB-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DkMYB22) were direct regulators of GERANYLGERANYL DIPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE DkGGPS1, LYSINE HISTIDINE TRANSPORTER DkLHT1, and FRUCTOSE-BISPHOSPHATE ALDOLASE DkFBA1, respectively, resulting in the inhibition of carotenoid synthesis, outward transport of an ethylene precursor, and consumption of fructose and glucose. Thus, the present study not only provides a practical method to prolong the persimmon fruit maturation period in various cultivars but also provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms of GA on multiple aspects of fruit quality formation at the transcriptional regulation level.
Update on pharmacotherapy for dry eye
Authors: Manohar Divya , Shtein Roni M. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
This review provides an overview of pharmacologic treatments for dry eye disease (DED), with a focus on newer developments.

Recent findings
Along with the existing treatments, there are several new pharmacologic treatments available and being developed for DED.

Summary
There are many currently available options for treatment of DED, and ongoing research and development to expand potential treatments for patients with DED.
Role of physician extenders: more regulation is necessary before full integration into practice
Authors: Khanna Saira , Emerson Geoffrey G. , Shah Gaurav K. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
To discuss the drawbacks and propose recommendations for integrating physician extenders in ophthalmologic practice.

Recent findings
In this article, the role of utilizing physician extenders in ophthalmology is discussed. A role for physician extenders has been suggested as more and more patients will require ophthalmologic care.

Summary
Guidance is needed on how to best integrate physician extenders into eye care. However, quality of care is of the highest importance, and unless there is reliable and consistent training of extenders, using physician extenders to administer invasive procedures (e.g., intravitreal injection) should be avoided due to safety concerns.
Use of physician extenders in ophthalmology: pros
Authors: Ehlers Justis P. , Baraona Julianne 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
The goal of this review is to provide a description of the potential role of physician extenders within ophthalmology with a specific focus on the retina field.

Recent findings
In this editorial, the evolving role of physician extenders (e.g. physician assistants, nurse practitioners) in medicine and ophthalmology is discussed. Within ophthalmology, an experiential discussion is provided regarding the opportunities to utilize physician extenders to expand the bandwidth of subspecialists and increase access for patient care.

Summary
Physician extenders, such as physician assistants, provide a unique opportunity for ophthalmology to innovate next-generation care delivery models. The roles for physician extenders throughout highly specialized fields in medicine have become a critical component for team-based patient care. Within retina and other ophthalmic subspecialties, physician extenders can enable top-of-license practice for physicians, while directly expanding the umbrella of care the specialist can provide through the physician extender's role in chronic disease medical management. The deployment of a physician assistants within the retina care team provided greater access for patients requiring ongoing medical monitoring and triage for acute issues, while expanding the retina specialist's ability to see a higher volume of higher acuity patients and those patients requiring procedural/surgical interventions. Importantly, the physician assistant's role is focused exclusively on medical management of retinal diseases with all procedures being performed by the retina specialist.