bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Livin upregulation in keratinocytes of psoriasis patients to promote adhesion molecule expression
Authors: Che Delu , Hang Bing , Li Yazhuo , Li Kaili , Wang Kaijie , Wang Hao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundActivation of keratinocytes (KCs) is the main pathological feature of psoriasis. KCs recruit neutrophils by releasing various antimicrobial peptides and chemokines, which is also related to the expression of KC adhesion molecules. However, the regulatory mechanism governing their expression is still unclear. Livin, an inhibitor of the apoptosis protein family member involved in proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells, is significantly increased in psoriatic lesions.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of Livin in regulating adhesion molecule expression in KCs and release of chemokines that promote the activation and adhesion of neutrophils.MethodsThe expression of Livin in psoriasis patients, imiquimod mouse model, and the combination of IL‐17 alpha, IL‐22, IL‐1 alpha, OSM, and TNF‐α (Mix M5)‐treated HaCaT cells were detected by immunofluorescence staining, RT‐qPCR, and ELISA. Livin‐overexpression and knockdown in HaCaT cells transfected with HIV‐1‐based lentiviral vectors were used to study the function of Livin using RNA‐seq. Moreover, differences in the expression of HaCaT cell adhesion molecules after regulation of Livin expression and activation of neutrophils in the co‐culture model were verified.ResultsLivin was upregulated in the KCs of psoriasis patients, imiquimod mouse model and Mix M5‐treated HaCaT cells compared with the control groups. Livin in HaCaT cells might regulate the expression of adhesion molecules in KCs.ConclusionThus, Livin may be a key effector molecule that regulates the expression of adhesion molecules in KCs and promotes the activation and adhesion of neutrophils.
How the agency contract fails in hybrid mode: agency fees and distribution sequences
Authors: Shu Wenjun , Xiao Zhongdong , Cao Yiyin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe consider a supplier selling substituted products to an e‐retailer through wholesale selling mode or mixed use of wholesale and agency selling mode (hybrid contracts). This paper explains the curious failure of the agency model and investigates the contract selection problem. We build the stylized models that consider consumer formats preferences and distribution sequence. We find that an excessively high agency fee can lead to failure but this is on the condition of substituted products simultaneously distributed. However, we find no failure phenomenon in sequential distribution scenarios. Because it is optimal to mark down the price of the delayed product that prevents inefficiency with a lower price in the agency model than in the wholesale model. Furthermore, in the e‐books industry, when consumers prefer digital (traditional) formats, the equilibrium strategy is that the e‐retailer claims a low agency fee, and the supplier chooses simultaneous (sequential) distribution through hybrid contracts. Besides, the equilibrium is robust.
Solving a multiobjective professional timetabling problem using evolutionary algorithms at Mandarine Academy
Authors: Hafsa Mounir , Wattebled Pamela , Jacques Julie , Jourdan Laetitia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a method for solving a real‐world timetabling problem at Mandarine Academy. The primary motivation for this work is to provide an automated professional course scheduling tool to replace the time‐consuming task of manually creating timetables that are constantly incorrect. Following a review of both scientific literature and company requirements, a mathematical model of the problem is provided, which includes 18 constraints (hard/soft) and five objectives, two of which are competing. We test a handful of multi‐objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEA's) starting with the non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA II and NSGA III), the multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D), the indicator‐based evolutionary algorithm and finally the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm . Two custom genetic operators (mutation and crossover) are proposed and compared to conventional operators (PMX and swap mutation). To obtain elite configurations, a tuning phase involving all of the aforementioned algorithms is carried out. Experiments were divided by problem size, with three to five objectives tested. Experiments include the use of real‐world data from the company's catalog. This dataset was made available to the scientific community to serve as a testing ground for professional course scheduling, an underexploited field of scheduling. We discuss findings, including a comparison of each algorithm's performance using various metrics, as well as convergence graphs and population evolution.
ParallelChain: a scalable healthcare framework with low‐energy consumption using blockchain
Authors: Pawar Vijayant , Sachdeva Shelly 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe blockchain‐enabled healthcare system assists in tackling the inherent issues of centralized healthcare systems, such as data stewardship, single point of failure, and data integrity. However, existing blockchain‐enabled healthcare systems suffer from high‐energy consumption, low transaction throughput, and poor scalability. This work proposes the healthcare framework ParallelChain to tackle the low scalability and high‐energy consumption issue. ParallelChain divides the network into clusters, enabling linear scalability of nodes. The parallel execution of transactions in each cluster improves the throughput. The leader selection process of ParallelChain does not require solving computer‐intensive puzzles, making it more energy efficient than proof‐of‐work. The performance of ParallelChain is validated using metrics such as data transfer, processing time, consensus delay, block congestion, and message exchange. It shows that the amount of data transmitted is 4.6 times more in Bitcoin than ParallelChain with varying nodes. The number of messages exchanged is reduced by 48%, and the processing time is reduced by 2.17 and 1.7 times for varying nodes and block sizes, respectively.
Diversity and genetic connectivity of heteropod (Pterotracheoidea) gastropods in the Tropical Eastern Pacific
Authors: Collin Rachel , Madrid Maycol , Venera‐Pontón Dagoberto E. , Macdonald Kenneth S. , De León Alexandra , Vrdoljak Dubravka , Boyle Michael J. , Bryant Peter , Arehart Tim , Driskell Amy C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrevious research focusing on pelagic gastropods in the open ocean has demonstrated that many morphospecies comprise multiple distinct clades or cryptic species that can be distinguished with DNA sequence data. To date, the genetic diversity of the pelagic gastropod fauna of the tropical East Pacific, especially in shallow coastal waters, remains largely unexplored. To document the diversity of pterotracheoids (formerly heteropods) from the coastal waters of the Bay of Panama, we collected, photographed and sequenced fragments of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal DNA for 60 atlantids, 3 carinariids and 6 pterotracheids. In addition to the COI barcode, our results include the first published 16S sequences for these groups. We found 11 operational taxonomic units (OTUs): 9 in the genus Atlanta, 1 Carinaria and 1 Firoloida. We report the presence of Atlanta oligogyra (Clades A and B), Atlanta turriculata, Atlanta lesueurii, Atlanta helicinoidea (Clade B), Atlanta plana, Atlanta echinogyra, Atlanta inflata and Atlanta frontieri through comparisons of our sequences with previously published sequences. We did not find Atlanta gaudichaudi, Atlanta inclinata, Atlanta tokiokai, Atlanta gibbosa, Atlanta peronii, or Oxygyrus inflatus, which have previously been reported from the region. Haplotype networks and estimates of ΦST illustrate how some species show population differentiation across the tropical Indo‐Pacific region, whereas others show little apparent population structure. For example, the most common haplotypes of A. inflata and of A. turriculata occur in the Indian Ocean, the Central and West Pacific and the tropical East Pacific, whereas individuals of A. frontieri from the Indian Ocean do not share haplotypes with individuals of A. frontieri from the Pacific Ocean. Analyses were limited by sample sizes, but these data suggest that population genetics approaches may be useful for reconstructing population histories of these important, but overlooked, components of the plankton.
Effects of calreticulin mutations on cell transformation and immunity
Authors: Desikan Harini , Kaur Amanpreet , Pogozheva Irina D. , Raghavan Malini 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMyeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are cancers involving dysregulated production and function of myeloid lineage hematopoietic cells. Among MPNs, Essential thrombocythemia (ET), Polycythemia Vera (PV) and Myelofibrosis (MF), are driven by mutations that activate the JAK–STAT signalling pathway. Somatic mutations of calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐localized lectin chaperone, are driver mutations in approximately 25% of ET and 35% of MF patients. The MPN‐linked mutant CRT proteins have novel frameshifted carboxy‐domain sequences and lack an ER retention motif, resulting in their secretion. Wild type CRT is a regulator of ER calcium homeostasis and plays a key role in the assembly of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, which are the ligands for antigen receptors of CD8+ T cells. Mutant CRT‐linked oncogenesis results from the dysregulation of calcium signalling in cells and the formation of stable complexes of mutant CRT with myeloproliferative leukemia (MPL) protein, followed by downstream activation of the JAK–STAT signalling pathway. The intricate participation of CRT in ER protein folding, calcium homeostasis and immunity suggests the involvement of multiple mechanisms of mutant CRT‐linked oncogenesis. In this review, we highlight recent findings related to the role of MPN‐linked CRT mutations in the dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, MPL activation and immunity.
Modelling the effectiveness of land‐based natural flood management in a large, permeable catchment
Authors: Collins Sarah L. , Verhoef Anne , Mansour Majdi , Jackson Christopher R. , Short Chris , Macdonald David M. J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the United Kingdom, woodland planting and soil and crop management are being promoted as approaches to tackling flooding. Although evidence is limited, it is thought tree planting and regenerative agriculture practices such as crop–herbal ley pasture rotations increase infiltration, soil water storage and evapotranspiration, potentially reducing flooding. A process‐based soil–water–vegetation model was coupled with a semi‐distributed groundwater model to explore the impact of these interventions on peak and low flows in a large, groundwater‐dominated catchment. Land use change and management were found to have limited potential to reduce flooding in this setting. Herbal ley–crop rotations produced a <1% reduction in flow for return periods >2 years, and levels of woodland planting judged to be the realistic maximum produced reductions of 0.2%–2.6%, depending on tree species. Broadscale spruce planting was the only scenario to produce significant reductions in peak flow (16.0%–24.7% at return periods 1–15 years); however, the level of spruce planting required to achieve these reductions was estimated to reduce Q95 flow by ~39%, which would likely have negative implications for water security and ecological river flows. The impact of land‐based natural flood management interventions for flood prevention in large, permeable catchments should not be overstated.
Prevalence of unpaid caregiving, pain, and depression in older seriously ill patients undergoing elective surgery
Authors: Hu Frances Y. , Wang Yihan , Abbas Muhammad , Bollens‐Lund Evan , Reich Amanda J. , Lipsitz Stuart R. , Gray Tamryn F. , Kim Dae , Ritchie Christine , Kelley Amy S. , Cooper Zara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionSerious illness is a life‐limiting condition negatively impacting daily function, quality of life, or excessively straining caregivers. Over 1 million older seriously ill adults undergo major surgery annually, and national guidelines recommend that palliative care be available to all seriously ill patients. However, the palliative care needs of elective surgical patients are incompletely described. Understanding baseline caregiving needs and symptom burden among seriously ill older surgical patients could inform interventions to improve outcomes.MethodsUsing Health and Retirement Study data (2008–2018) linked to Medicare claims, we identified patients ≥66 years who met an established serious illness definition from administrative data and underwent major elective surgery using Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) criteria. Descriptive analyses were performed for preoperative patient characteristics, including: unpaid caregiving (no or yes); pain (none/mild or moderate/severe); and depression (no, CES‐D < 3, or yes, CES‐D ≥ 3). Multivariable regression was performed to examine the association between unpaid caregiving, pain, depression, and in‐hospital outcomes, including hospital days (days admitted between discharge date and one‐year post‐discharge), in‐hospital complications (no or yes), and discharge destination (home or non‐home).ResultsOf the 1343 patients, 55.0% were female and 81.6% were non‐Hispanic White. Mean age was 78.0 (SD 6.8); 86.9% had ≥2 comorbidities. Before admission, 27.3% of patients received unpaid caregiving. Pre‐admission pain and depression were 42.6% and 32.8%, respectively. Baseline depression was significantly associated with non‐home discharge (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.1, p = 0.003), while baseline pain and unpaid caregiving needs were not associated with in‐hospital or post‐acute outcomes in multivariable analysis.ConclusionsPrior to elective surgery, older adults with serious illnesses have high unpaid caregiving needs and a prevalence of pain and depression. Baseline depression alone was associated with discharge destinations. These findings highlight opportunities for targeted palliative care interventions throughout the surgical encounter.
Unique fiber phenotype composition and metabolic properties of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles in the human middle ear
Authors: Rönnblom Anton , Thornell Lars‐Eric , Shah Farhan , Tano Krister , Stål Per 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe middle ear muscles have vital roles, yet their precise function in hearing and protection remains unclear. To better understand the function of these muscles in humans, the morphology, fiber composition, and metabolic properties of nine tensor tympani and eight stapedius muscles were analyzed with immunohistochemical, enzyme‐histochemical, biochemical, and morphometric techniques. Human orofacial, jaw, extraocular, and limb muscles were used as references. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles were markedly dominated by fibers expressing fast contracting myosin heavy chain MyHC‐2A and MyHC‐2X (79 ± 6% vs. 86 ± 9%, respectively, p = 0.04). In fact, the middle ear muscles had one of the highest proportions of MyHC‐2 fibers ever reported for human muscles. Interestingly, the biochemical analysis revealed a MyHC isoform of unknown identity in both the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles. Muscle fibers containing two or more MyHC isoforms were relatively frequently observed in both muscles. A proportion of these hybrid fibers expressed a developmental MyHC isoform that is normally absent in adult human limb muscles. The middle ear muscles differed from orofacial, jaw, and limb muscles by having significantly smaller fibers (220 vs. 360 μm2, respectively) and significantly higher variability in fiber size, capillarization per fiber area, mitochondrial oxidative activity, and density of nerve fascicles. Muscle spindles were observed in the tensor tympani muscle but not in the stapedius muscle. We conclude that the middle ear muscles have a highly specialized muscle morphology, fiber composition, and metabolic properties that generally showed more similarities to orofacial than jaw and limb muscles. Although the muscle fiber characteristics in the tensor tympani and stapedius muscles suggest a capacity for fast, fine‐tuned, and sustainable contractions, their difference in proprioceptive control reflects different functions in hearing and protection of the inner ear.
Developing nurse‐sensitive outcomes in acute inpatient mental health settings—A systematic review
Authors: Ngune Irene , Myers Helen , Cole Amanda , Palamara Peter , Redknap Robina , Roche Michael , Twigg Diane 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile nurse‐sensitive outcomes (NSOs) are well established in numerous health settings, to date there is no indicator suite of NSOs for inpatient mental health settings.AimTo assess the relationship between nursing variables and patient outcomes in acute inpatient mental health settings to determine which outcomes can be used as indicators of the quality of nursing care.MethodsDatabases accessed were CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and EMBASE, last searched in May 2022. The review followed the 2020 PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews. Papers published between 1995 and 2022, conducted in acute mental health care units were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool. A meta‐analysis was not possible because of the large number of variables and measurement inconsistencies.ResultsA total of 57 studies were reviewed. Studies were categorised according to whether they found a significant or non‐significant relationship between nurse variables and patient outcomes. Seven outcomes—aggression, seclusion, restraint, absconding, pro‐re‐nata medications, special observations and self‐harm—were identified. For each outcome, there were significant findings for several nurse variables indicating that all included outcomes could be used as NSOs. However, evidence for aggression, seclusion and restraint use as suitable NSOs was more robust than the evidence for self‐harm, absconding, pro‐re‐nata medications and special observations.ConclusionAll the seven outcomes can all be used to develop an NSO indicator suite in mental health inpatient settings. More work is needed to establish high‐quality studies to clearly demonstrate the relationship between these outcome measures and changes in nurse variables such as nurse staffing, skill mix, work environment, nurse education and nurse experience.Patient and Public ContributionPatient or public contribution was not possible because of the type of the variables being explored.
Impact of personal protective equipment attached powered air‐purifying respirator on nursing‐skill performance and psychosocial stress of intensive care unit COVID‐19 nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Jun Yiwha , Lee Ogcheol , Kim Sunghee 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate how personal protective equipment with an attached powered air‐purifying respirator worn by intensive care unit nurses caring for COVID‐19 patients in Korea impacts nursing‐skill performance and psychosocial stress.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive study was designed using purposive sampling.Review MethodsOnline data collection was conducted from 3 March 2021–20 March 2021on 181 nurses who had worked for more than 1 month in COVID‐19 critical care settings wearing personal protective equipment with a powered air‐purifying respirator. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data on sociodemographic characteristics, attitude toward personal protective equipment, nursing‐skill performance wearing personal protective equipment and psychosocial stress.Data SourcesData was sourced from structured questionnaire responses.ResultsNursing skill performance decreased to 63.4%, compared with normal performance. Subjects' perceptions and attitudes related to PPE scored 3.56 out of 5; 44.7% of subjects reported severe psychosocial stress, which was significantly affected by attitude toward personal protective equipment usage, nursing performance, experience caring for COVID‐19 patients and length of personal protective equipment usage per shift.ConclusionGreater negative attitude toward usage of personal protective equipment with a powered air‐purifying respirator, results in lower nursing‐skill performance and higher the psychosocial stress of nurses responding to COVID‐19 outbreaks.Implications for the profession and/or patient careHigh negative attitude toward PPE and low nursing‐skill performance due to PPE with an attached PAPR results in significant and debilitating psychosocial stress in ICU nurses responding to COVID‐19 outbreaks. To respond effectively to future infectious disease outbreaks and improve nursing performance, minimising the inconvenience and restrictions experienced by nurses wearing personal protective equipment is critical.Reporting MethodWe adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines to report.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Immigration Policing as Holey War: Rings of Connection, Deadly Gaps, and State Loopholes in the Struggle for Asylum
Authors: Crosson J. Brent 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article uses the concept of holes rather than borders to articulate the space that US immigration policing engenders. In contradistinction to borders—lines or zones that can be mapped, walled, or policed to delimit sovereign bodies—holes are strategic exceptions to mappable sovereignties. Rather than fixed, mappable boundaries, holes are mutable and in flux, thriving on the shifting potential to appear or disappear and to make people disappear as legal subjects. If US immigration policing operates, to a large extent, through holes distributed across borders and long‐distance spaces, then any mapping of this power that centers national borders or bounded nation‐states alone is insufficient. I show how the policing of Venezuelan migration centers the distribution of holes from South and Central America to spaces within the US that are far from “the border.” Against a discursive focus on “the border” and the border wall in US rhetoric on immigration, I argue that the actual practices of impeding flows of immigration or channeling them through spaces of death have increasingly operated through holey space. If holy space has been defined in studies of religion as a sacred space set apart from mundane rules, then the hol(e)y spaces of immigration are set apart from fixed conceptions of “the rule of law.” A focus on holes shows how the legal order of immigration depends more on exceptions, personalized or arbitrary power, and the instability of interim extra‐legal executive orders than a dichotomy of legal/illegal. Despite their necropolitical power, holes do not create an entirely striated, hierarchical space. Holes are also rings of connection and passageways, highlighting the creativity and agency of asylum seekers in forging dignity under extremely difficult conditions.
Technique to restore the midline space of central incisors using a two‐in‐one template: A clinical report
Authors: Wu Jiacheng , Zhu Jiakang , Yang Xin , Gao Jing , Yu Haiyang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUsing composite resin restoration of full‐coverage crowns to obtain a completely symmetrical esthetic restoration of individual central incisors remains difficult. Freehand direct composite resin restoration is challenging even for highly skilled dentists. This clinical report describes a digital protocol for achieving symmetrical restoration of two central incisors using a custom‐designed, two‐in‐one template.