bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with long duration: Heavy or light cupula?
Authors: Kim Chang‐Hee , Shin Jung Eun , Kim Hansol , Park Joon Yong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of positional nystagmus in posterior semicircular canal (PSCC) benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) patients with longer durations, and to discuss the possible underlying mechanism of this nystagmus.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review, and enrolled 118 consecutive patients with unilateral PSCC BPPV. The duration of nystagmus during a Dix‐Hallpike test was classified into short (<1 min) and long (≥1 min) durations. For the identification of a neutral point in PSCC BPPV patients with long durations, the patient's head was turned 45° to the lesioned side to set the affected PSCC on the sagittal plane, and the disappearance of positional nystagmus was investigated in a pitch plane.ResultsAmong 118 patients with PSCC BPPV, positional nystagmus during a Dix‐Hallpike test showed short durations (<1 min) in 112 patients and long durations (≥1 min) in 6 patients. Of 6 PSCC BPPV patients with a long duration, a neutral point was identified in 5 patients whose nystagmus lasted for longer than 2 min; interestingly, a neutral point was observed when the patient's head was slightly tilted backward in all 5 patients.ConclusionConsidering that a neutral position was identified when the patient's head was slightly tilted backward while keeping the head turned 45° to the right or left, we assume that the light cupula condition of the ipsilateral PSCC or the contralateral anterior semicircular canal, and not PSCC BPPV cupulolithiasis, could be responsible for the occurrence of persistent torsional‐upbeating nystagmus in a Dix‐Hallpike test.Level of Evidence4
Deconvolving mechanisms of particle flux attenuation using nitrogen isotope analyses of amino acids
Authors: Wojtal Paul K. , Doherty Shannon C. , Shea Connor H. , Popp Brian N. , Benitez‐Nelson Claudia R. , Buesseler Ken O. , Estapa Margaret L. , Roca‐Martí Montserrat , Close Hilary G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractParticulate organic matter settling out of the euphotic zone is a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide and serves as a primary food source to mesopelagic food webs. Degradation of this organic matter encompasses a suite of mechanisms that attenuate flux, including heterotrophic metabolic processes of microbes and metazoans. The relative contributions of microbial and metazoan heterotrophy to flux attenuation, however, have been difficult to determine. We present results of compound specific nitrogen isotope analysis of amino acids of sinking particles from sediment traps and size‐fractionated particles from in situ filtration between the surface and 500 m at Ocean Station Papa, collected during NASA EXPORTS (EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing). With increasing depth, we observe: (1) that, based on the δ15N values of threonine, fecal pellets dominate the sinking particle flux and that attenuation of downward particle flux occurs largely via disaggregation in the upper mesopelagic; (2) an increasing trophic position of particles in the upper water column, reflecting increasing heterotrophic contributions to the nitrogen pool and the loss of particles via remineralization; and (3) increasing δ15N values of source amino acids in submicron and small (1–6 μm) particles, reflecting microbial particle solubilization. We further employ a Bayesian mixing model to estimate the relative proportions of fecal pellets, phytodetritus, and microbially degraded material in particles and compare these results and our interpretations of flux attenuation mechanisms to other, independent methods used during EXPORTS.
Effect of marine sediment on the phase partitioning and isotopic content of riverine DOC
Authors: Hauksson Niels , Lewis Christian B. , Komada Tomoko , Druffel Ellen R. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRivers discharge significant quantities of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the ocean, yet biomarker and isotope studies suggest that terrigenous DOC makes up only a small amount DOC in the ocean. One of the removal pathways proposed for riverine DOC is sorption to marine sediments. This process is chemically selective, but whether sorption alters the isotopic composition of riverine DOC is unknown. Because there is isotopic variability across different organic compound classes, sorptive removal of DOC could also alter the isotopic composition of DOC. As a first step in addressing this question, we examined phase partitioning and isotopic composition of a riverine DOC standard in the presence of marine sediment particles. In a series of controlled experiments, the standard was mixed with marine sediment in 35‰ NaCl solution, then separated into particulate and dissolved phases for analyses of mass, δ13C, and ∆14C of organic carbon (OC). Across a range of sediment OC to DOC mass ratios (from < 0.1 to ~ 3), we found that: (1) sediment sorbed 0.8 μg OC per mg of sediment; and (2) DOC compounds with higher ∆14C and lower δ13C values relative to the bulk DOC was preferentially removed from solution. In effect, mixing a riverine DOC standard with marine sediment resulted in increased ∆14C and decreased δ13C of the DOC that remained in solution. These results show that sorption of DOC to sediment can alter the isotopic content of riverine DOC.
Novel assessment of lip redness and microcirculation using optical coherence tomography after dermal filler injection
Authors: Nathan Neera R. , Lopes Almeida Gomes Lais , Wang‐Evers Michael , Patel Payal M. , Doyle Abigail , Manstein Dieter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesLip filler injections are one of the most popular procedures in esthetic dermatology. In this study, we used three‐dimensional colorimetric photography to assess lip color and optical coherence tomography‐angiography (OCT‐A), a noninvasive alternative to histopathology, to evaluate microcirculation after hyaluronic acid (HA) injection. The pain of the injection procedure was also assessed.MethodsAn average of 0.85cc of the total volume of HA with lidocaine was injected into the upper and lower lip of eighteen young (<30yo) and nine postmenopausal healthy women. OCT‐A, two‐dimensional, and three‐dimensional images were acquired immediately before (visit 1) and 15 days after injection (visit 2). Custom‐made software was used to analyze the imaging data to detect vessel morphology and redness changes. The Wong‐Baker FACES pain rating scale (0–10) was used to score the subject procedural pain.ResultsFor young and old subjects, three‐dimensional lip volume was greater than the injected volume. OCT‐A images of the lips showed higher vessel density and thickness, reaching statistical significance in the younger cohort. The overall trend of increased redness assessed by three‐dimensional colorimetric imaging and increased vascularity evaluated by OCT‐A imaging were similar. However, the correlation was not statistically significant for standard two‐dimensional digital photography. The average pain score after the first needle insertion and overall procedure were 2.9 and 3.5, respectively.ConclusionsThe results suggest an increased microvasculature network observed in OCT‐A images in young females. The increased blood vessel density and thickness observed by OCT‐A after HA lip filler injection is associated with increased lip redness and volume as assessed by colorimetric three‐dimensional photography; however, more research is needed to confirm these findings. This study presents OCT‐A as a novel noninvasive tool to investigate changes in lip microvascularity after HA filler injection and indicates that HA filler procedures may affect lip vascularity.
Chemically Recyclable Biobased Non‐Isocyanate Polyurethane Networks from CO2‐Derived Six‐membered Cyclic Carbonates
Authors: Liu Jie , Miao Pengcheng , Leng Xuefei , Che Jian , Wei Zhiyong , Li Yang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNon‐isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) are widely studied as sustainability potential, because they can be prepared without using toxic isocyanates in the synthesis process. The aminolysis of cyclic carbonate to form NIPUs is a promising route. In this work, a series of NIPUs is prepared from renewable bis(6‐membered cyclic carbonates) (iEbcc) and amines. The resulting NIPUs possess excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. The NIPUs can be remolded via transcarbamoylation reactions, and iEbcc‐TAEA‐10 (the molar ratio of tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine in amines is 10%) still get a recovery ratio of 90% in tensile stress after three cycles of remolding. In addition, the obtained materials can be chemically degraded into bi(1,3‐diol) precursors with high purity (>99%) and yield (>90%) through alcoholysis. Meanwhile, the degraded products can be used to regenerate NIPUs with similar structures and properties as the original samples. The synthetic strategy, isocyanate‐free and employing isoeugenol and carbon dioxide (CO2) as building blocks, makes this approach an attractive pathway to NIPU networks taking a step toward a circular economy.
A study on micro‐mechanical deformation behaviour of heat‐treated 20MnMoNi55 steel
Authors: Basu P. , Acharyya S. K. , Sahoo P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeveral heat treatment procedures are designed considering critical temperatures of phase transformation evaluated through dilatometric testing of 20MnMoNi55 steel to transform low carbon bainitic as‐received material into ferrite‐martensite dual‐phase steels consisting of varied martensite fractions. A thorough metallographic study correlated with the micro‐hardness of constituent phases ensures morphological characteristics along with its fractional variations in as‐received and dual‐phase steels. The impact of fractional variation in constituent phases on the uniaxial monotonic deformation characteristics of dual‐phase steels has been observed with a correlation study between experimental tensile and finite element simulated results. Therefore, a physical‐based model with a 2‐dimensional representative volume element has been established, addressing actual morphological characteristics obtained from metallographic studies. Moreover, the constitutive flow behaviours of ferrite and martensite are also derived from the dislocation‐based hardening model to address the actual deformation phenomenon. Finally, an inhomogeneous deformation behaviour among constituent phases and localization of plastic strain in ferrite matrix has been observed with von‐Mises stress, and equivalent plastic strain distribution through finite element simulated results. This phenomenon is again confirmed with kernel average misorientation mapping and geometrically necessary dislocation density evaluation through electron backscattered diffraction of tensile samples subjected to different degrees of plastic strain.
Study on periodic immersion and infrared aging corrosion behavior of bridge weathering steel Q420qNH welded joint and plate in NaHSO3 solution
Authors: Liu X. , Guo T. , Wu W. , Yang H. , Zhang L. , Nan X. , Hu Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe periodic immersion corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanism of Q420qNH steel weld, heat‐affected zone and plate sample in simulated industrial atmospheric medium were studied. The corrosion type of the three samples is the non‐uniform total corrosion, and the corrosion products at different stages are different. Ferric oxide and lepidocrocite (γ‐FeOOH) are generated in the immersion stage and the initial stage of infrared drying, respectively. However, lepidocrocite (γ‐FeOOH), ferrosoferric oxide (Fe3O4) and goethite (α‐FeOOH) generated in the later stage of infrared drying. The infrared drying process is conducive to the formation of goethite (α‐FeOOH). The corrosion rate of weld is always lower than that of plate, and the Iα‐FeOOH/Iγ‐FeOOH ratio of the weld is always higher than that of plate and heat‐affected zone sample. In the later stage of corrosion, the self‐corrosion current density of the three samples from small to large is weld, heat‐affected zone and plate, and self‐corrosion potential from large to small is weld, heat‐affected zone and plate. The resistance of the rust layer of the weld and heat‐affected zone sample is 1.81 times, 1.29 times of that of the plate, respectively. This is because the weld is composed of a large number of small angular grain boundary structures dominated by tiny acicular ferrite in the original austenite grain, which is conducive to the improvement of corrosion resistance. In addition, the higher chromium/carbon (Cr/C), copper and nickel elements of the weld can promote the conversion from lepidocrocite (γ‐FeOOH) to goethite (α‐FeOOH), and improve the density and stability of weld rust layer.
Development of 2 μm all‐solid‐state pulsed laser using a saturable absorber
Authors: He Xin , Zhao Lu , Wu Chunting , Yu Yongji , Li Changqing , Sun ShuWei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe pulse laser using a saturable absorber as a passive device has the advantages of narrow pulse width, high repetition rate, and high pulse energy. Low‐dimensional materials have attracted research interest in recent years due to their excellent saturable absorption properties, ultra‐fast carrier response speed, high damage threshold, and so on. This paper gives a brief review of the state‐of‐the‐at 2 µm solid‐state lasers using saturable absorbers. The output performance of lasers in repetition rate, pulse energy, pulse width, and wavelength are summarized. The paper is expected to provide a development direction of novel materials as saturable absorbers in 2 µm solid‐state lasers.
Miniaturization of ultra‐wideband Vivaldi antenna by utilizing double‐layer structure with slots
Authors: Li Wanli , Lei Jun , Li Weiwen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn a Vivaldi antenna, a symmetrical double‐sided structure is introduced to reduce the lower‐side frequency. Multiple transverse and longitudinal slots loaded into the redundant conductor layer of the Vivaldi structure can stimulate resonant modes at the higher frequency end, further broadening the antenna bandwidth towards high frequencies. Meanwhile, impedance matching slots are introduced into the conductor layer on the feed side to achieve ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna. The overall size of the final antenna is 23.5 mm × 30.0 mm × 2.4 mm, while the relative bandwidth (S11 < –10 dB) reaches 142% (2.49–14.78 GHz). This miniaturized UWB antenna has similar directional patterns in the operating band, with an average gain of 4.82 dB.
Polyester‐based wearable bandpass microstrip filter
Authors: Joshi Jayant G. , Raghavan S. , Pattnaik Shyam S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this research paper, a polyester‐based bandpass microstrip filer is proposed. Split ring resonator, stepped‐impedance resonator structure, and coupled microstrip lines are used to design the proposed filter circuit in the pass band of 4.35 to 4.60 GHz for NATO frequency band military applications. The filter is fabricated using polyester substrate and self‐adhesive copper tape. The Agilent vector network analyzer is used to test the fabricated polyester wearable filter. There is good agreement between the simulated as well as measured insertion loss and return loss of the proposed wearable filter.
Design and analysis of ring resonator with slot waveguide coupling into a slab ring construction for refractive index sensing applications
Authors: Kulanthaivel Jayakrishnan , Ashok Nandam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe proposed a theoretical study of silicon nitride ring resonator configuration for the application of refractive index sensing. In this paper, a slot waveguide has been used to couple the light into the slab ring structure. We have designed the slab ring and slot waveguides with silicon nitride (Si3N4) on a substrate made of silica (SiO2). Transverse electric (TE) mode has been used for the entire analysis at an operating wavelength of 1550 nm. The presented structure has been geometrically optimized to get the better transmission results. The design shows a resonance wavelength of 1538.74 nm when the cladding refractive index is equal to 1, which is placed at the top of the slab ring structure. We have also calculated the effect on the transmission curve for different waveguide parameters. For, the structure achieves a resonance wavelength around 1563.65 nm. The geometrically optimized structure achieved a Q‐factor of 750 and a sensitivity of 70 nm/RIU. In the proposed paper, the shift in the resonance of the transmission spectrum has been utilized to detect the Refractive Index (RI) changes on the surface of the ring. Therefore, the proposed structure can be used effectively in the applications of refractive index sensing.
Neuromuscular ultrasound as a marker for inherited sensory neuronopathy
Authors: Pelosi Luciana , van Alfen Nens 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA review and detailed analysis of the literature over the past two decades has revealed a unique ultrasound feature of pathologically “small” nerves in inherited sensory neuronopathies. Although sample sizes were limited, due to the rarity of these diseases, this characteristic ultrasound finding has been consistently reported across a variety of inherited diseases that affect the dorsal root ganglia. Direct comparisons with both acquired and inherited diseases that primarily affect the axons in the peripheral nerves showed that the ultrasound finding of abnormally “small” cross‐sectional areas (CSAs) in mixed nerves of the upper limbs has a high diagnostic accuracy for inherited sensory neuronopathy. Based on this review, ultrasound CSA of the mixed upper limb nerves can be proposed as a marker for inherited sensory neuronopathy.
Efficacy of expressive writing versus positive writing in different populations: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lai Jiawei , Song Huijuan , Wang Ying , Ren Ying , Li Shuang , Xiao Feng , Liao Shaona , Xie Tingping , Zhuang Weihuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of expressive writing (EW) versus positive writing (PW) in different populations focusing on mood, health and writing content and to provide a basis for nurses to carry out the targeted treatment.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsThis study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Twelve electronic databases and references from articles were searched. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing EW and PW were included. Statistical analyses were executed using Stata 15.0 software.ResultsTwenty‐four RCTs and a total of 1558 participants were analysed. The results showed that for the general population, PW was more positive on mood than EW and could offer more changes in cognitive mechanisms. Among patients, although PW was more conducive to generating positive emotions, EW could stimulate cognitive changes more. Nursing staff should clarify the mechanism of PW and EW, combine the advantages of both and implement intervention according to the characteristics of different populations.No Patient or Public ContributionIt does not apply to your work because this study is an analysis of published studies and does not involve patients or the public.
Effects of age on suicide attempts by medication in patients transferred to the emergency rooms of two advanced medical centers: A retrospective chart review of the DJ project
Authors: Sasaki Taro , Shinozaki Masataka , Nemoto Aki , Nagao Yukiko , Yasuda Manabu , Shimoda Kazutaka , Suda Shiro , Yasui‐Furukori Norio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsThe means of suicide vary, but in cases of impaired consciousness, it is often difficult to determine the initial treatment because it is not known whether a patient has overdosed or used pesticides or poisons. Therefore, we investigated the clinical characteristics of suicide by medication in patients with suicide attempts who were brought to the emergency department, especially the influence of age.MethodsPatients with suicide attempts were transported to the two hospitals. There were 96 males (38.4%) and 154 females (61.6%). The mean age was 43.5 ± 20 years, and both males and females were most often in their 20s. Data on sex, age, motive for suicide, means of suicide attempt, psychiatric diagnosis, length of hospital stay, and place of discharge were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe average age of the patients by means of suicide attempt was 40.5 years for “prescription drugs,” 30.2 years for “over‐the‐counter drugs,” and 63.5 years for “pesticide/poison.” For each means of suicide attempt, there was a significant difference in age among patients with suicide attempts using “prescription drugs,” “over‐the‐counter drugs” and “pesticides/poisons.” There was a statistical bias in the means and reasons for each suicide attempt.ConclusionThe results showed that the age of patients who used over‐the‐counter medicines and pesticides and poisons varied significantly. It was thought that pesticide use should be considered first, especially when patients aged 50 years and over are brought to the hospital with impaired consciousness due to suicide attempts.
An osteometric analysis of elk (Cervus elaphus manitobensis) from Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Authors: Brandes Claire E. , Pilaar Birch Suzanne E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTeeth are commonly preserved in the zooarchaeological record and can be used to estimate the age of individuals in a faunal assemblage. However, there are currently no criteria for discerning the sex of elk based on dental metric characteristics. Here, we present the results of an osteometric analysis of modern elk (Cervus elaphus manitobensis) from Great Smoky Mountains National Park to create an age profile for the sample, establish metrical parameters for evaluating sex, and discern the relationship between age and size. The analysis of tooth development stages in younger elk was combined with the assessment of occlusal wear in older elk to create an age profile of our sample population. The length and breadth of mandibular third molars produced bimodal distributions that suggest these measurements can be used to differentiate sex in this population, and diastema length showed a curvilinear association with age (R2 = 0.71). This dataset provides a useful comparative sample for future studies on ageing and sexing in zooarchaeology, conservation paleobiology, and wildlife resources management.