bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Existing standardised questionnaires do not adequately capture quality‐of‐life outcomes of greatest importance for those living with type 1 diabetes in pregnancy
Authors: Gu Jenny , Chaput Kathleen H. , Dunlop Amy , Booth Jane , Feig Denice S. , Donovan Lois E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundNo standardised questionnaires have been specifically developed to assess the considerable demands of managing type 1 diabetes (T1D) during pregnancy.AimsThis study aimed to explore what domains of measurement are important to quality of life during pregnancy with TID and to assess if standardised questionnaires, used by previous researchers, adequately capture patients' reported experience of TID in pregnancy.MethodsA qualitative inquiry was conducted using semi‐structured focus groups with Canadian women who have experienced T1D in pregnancy. Participants were asked open‐ended questions about experiences managing T1D during pregnancy and whether options on standardised tools captured their pregnancy experiences. Audio from focus groups was transcribed verbatim. Two researchers independently analysed the transcripts using inductive thematic analysis. Salient ideas, experiences and key words were coded iteratively and grouped into broader themes and subsequently reviewed by five participants.ResultsThe sample included nine participants. Emergent themes included changes in day‐to‐day routines to manage T1D in pregnancy, fear of hyperglycaemia during pregnancy and of hypoglycaemia postpartum. Participants felt that existing options on standardised questionnaires did not adequately quantify diabetes interference in work, family time, planned activities and sleep, and did not address hyperglycaemia fear.ConclusionsExisting standardised questionnaires do not adequately capture patient‐reported outcomes of greatest importance for those living with T1D in pregnancy. Future research assessing the impact of therapies on quality‐of‐life measures in TID pregnancies should quantify their influence on day‐to‐day activities, adjust measures of sleep quality and capture fear of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and hypoglycaemia postpartum.
Implementation of early intervention clinical services within the National Health System in Italy: Third wave survey with focus on structures, resources, and fidelity to the evidence‐based model
Authors: Meneghelli Anna , Ciancaglini Panfilo , Di Domenico Marina , Mazzola Andrea , Ghio Lucio , Preti Antonio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly intervention in psychosis (EIP) is a well‐established approach aimed at detecting and treating early signs and symptoms of psychosis to prevent its long‐term consequences. The present study aimed at detailing the current status of EIP services in Italy, covering all the Departments of Mental Health (DMHs) operating in 2018.MethodsAll directors of public DMHs operating in Italy in 2018 (n = 127) were invited to fill in a Census form about EIP structure and activities. The first episode psychosis services fidelity scale (FEPS‐FS) was used to investigate fidelity to the EIP model of the centre.ResultsAn active EIP service was reported by 41 DMHs (32% of the total DMHs; 56% of those who took part in the survey). Most EIP services had an autonomous team. The large majority of the Italian EIP centres provided psychosocial interventions to their patients, principally psychotherapy, family support, and psychoeducation. Among those with an active EIP, 29 DMHs filled in the FEPS‐FS. Internal consistency was good when based on the replies of the respondents, but reliability was weak when measured on the basis of an independent evaluation (Cohen's kappa = 0.571). The fidelity to the guidelines for early intervention was uneven, with some criteria met by most centres, especially those peculiar to the Italian community psychiatry.ConclusionA further spreading of the early intervention model across the Italian DMHs was found. A lack of resources might limit the use of specific psychosocial treatments, such as cognitive‐behavioural therapy or manualized family support.
Association between genetic variants in key vitamin‐D‐pathway genes and external apical root resorption linked to orthodontic treatment
Authors: Marañón‐Vásquez G. , Küchler EC. , Hermann S. , Paddenberg E , Schröder A. , Baratto‐Filho F. , Flores‐Mir C. , Proff P. , Kirschneck C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated the association between single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin‐D‐related genes and the amount of external apical root resorption linked to orthodontic treatment. One hundred and forty‐three individuals were assessed. The amount of external apical root resorption of upper central incisors (EARRinc) and lower first molars (EARRmol) were evaluated in radiographs. Seven SNPs were genotyped across four genes including the vitamin D receptor [VDR], group‐specific component [GC], cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1 [CYP27B1], and cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 [CYP24A1]. Linear regressions were implemented to determine allele‐effects on external apical root resorption. Individuals carrying the AA genotype in VDR rs2228570 had a 21% higher EARRmol than those having AG and GG genotypes (95% CI: 1.03,1.40). EARRmol in heterozygous rs2228570, was 12% lower than for homozygotes (95%CI: 0.78,0.99). Participants with the CCG haplotype (rs1544410‐rs7975232‐rs731236) in VDR had an EARRmol 16% lower than those who did not carry this haplotype. Regarding CYP27B1 rs4646536, EARRinc in participants who had at least one G allele was 42% lower than for homozygotes AA (95%CI: 0.37,0.93). Although these results did not remain significant after multiple testing adjustment, potential associations may still be suggested. Further replication studies are needed to confirm or refute these findings.
Hair surface interactions against different chemical functional groups as a function of environment and hair condition
Authors: Labarre Leslie , Squillace Ophélie , Liu Yu , Fryer Peter J. , Kaur Preeti , Whitaker Shane , Marsh Jennifer M. , Zhang Zhenyu J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe nature and magnitude of molecular interactions on hair surfaces underpin the design of formulated products, of which the application involves a competitive adsorption process between cationic surfactants, fatty alcohols and surface actives such as silicone. The knowledge of molecular interaction with hair surface will not only provide insight on the surface binding affinity but also offer an effective methodology in characterizing surface deposits.MethodsUntreated and chemically treated hair samples were treated with either conditioner chassis alone (gel network) or conditioner chassis plus silicone (chassis/TAS). Hair surface interactions against four different chemical functional groups, namely methyl (−CH3), acid (−COOH), amine (−NH2) and hydroxyl (−OH), were quantified in both ambient and aqueous environment using Chemical Force Microscopy, a method based on atomic force microscopy (AFM).ResultsSurface adhesion on hair in ambient is dominated by capillary force that is determined by both the wettability of hair fibre (hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic), presence of any deposits and the chemical functionality of the AFM cantilever. Capillary force is diminished and replaced by electrostatic interaction when polar groups are present on both hair and AFM cantilever. A distinctively different force, hydrophobic interaction, plays a major role when virgin hair and hydrophobic functionalized AFM cantilever make contact in water.ConclusionResults acquired by AFM cantilevers of different functional groups show that hydrophobic interaction is a key driver for deposition on virgin hair, whilst electrostatic interaction is the most important one for bleached hair. Interfacial conformation of chassis components upon deposition is determined by the hair surface properties. Our study highlights the possibility of a range of polar groups, not necessarily negatively charged, on the damaged hair. Unlike conventional surface chemical analysis method, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the interfacial conformation of deposited surface actives on hair, which identifies the target moieties for conditioning products on different types of hair.
Indirect restorative systems—A narrative review
Authors: Bonfante Estevam A. , Calamita Marcelo , Bergamo Edmara T. P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe background and clinical understanding of the properties of currently available indirect restorative systems and fabrication methods is, along with manufacturer and evidence‐based literature, an important starting point to guide the clinical selection of materials for tooth and/or implant supported reconstructions. Therefore, this review explores most indirect restorative systems available in the market, especially all‐ceramic, along with aspects of manufacturing process, clinical survival rates, and esthetic outcomes.OverviewProgressive incorporation of new technologies in the dental field and advancements in materials science have enabled the development/improvement of indirect restorative systems and treatment concepts in oral rehabilitation, resulting in reliable and predictable workflows and successful esthetic and functional outcomes. Indirect restorative systems have evolved from metal ceramics and polymers to glass ceramics, polycrystalline ceramics, and resin‐matrix ceramics, aiming to improve not only biological and mechanical properties, but especially the optical properties and esthetic quality of the reconstructions, in attempt to mimic natural teeth.ConclusionsBased on several clinical research, materials, and patient‐related parameters, a decision tree for the selection of indirect restorative materials was suggested to guide clinicians in the rehabilitation process.Clinical SignificanceThe pace of materials development is faster than that of clinical research aimed to support their use. Since no single material provides an ideal solution to every case, professionals must continuously seek information from well designed, long‐term clinical trials in order to incorporate or not new materials and technological advancements.
Characterization of an ablative fractional CO2 laser‐induced wound‐healing model based on in vitro 3D reconstructed skin
Authors: He Chunyan , Zhang Wei , Tu Yidong , Zhong Lingyan , Wang Ranran , Teng Yao , Liao I‐Chien , Ding Chunmei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study describes the development and characterization of a novel in vitro wound‐healing model based on a full‐thickness reconstructed skin by exposing the tissue to fractional ablative laser treatment.MethodA 3D full‐thickness skin model was fabricated and treated with fractional ablative CO2 laser. Wound‐healing process was characterized by HE staining, noninvasive OCT imaging, immunostaining, as well as transepidermal water loss measurement. Cytokines and proteins involved in the inflammatory and dermal remodeling process were studied by ELISA and protein array assays.ResultsFractional ablative CO2 treatment induced a wound zone of 9 mm in diameter, containing 56 micro‐wounds with 200 μm diameter and 500–700 μm in depth on reconstructed full‐thickness skin model. HE staining revealed a typical wound morphology and healing process with migration of keratinocytes, formation and extrusion of necrotic tissue, and cell inclusion in dermis, which correlates with clinical observations. Based on OCT and TEWL measurements, the re‐epithelialization took place over 2 days. Laser‐triggered keratinocytes proliferation and differentiation were demonstrated by activated Ki67 and Filaggrin expression respectively. Injury‐invoked cytokine ICAM‐1 showed instant upregulation on Day 1. Decreased epidermis thickness and depression of IGFBP‐2 protein level synergistically indicated the unavoidable thermal side effects from laser treatment. Downregulated DKK‐1 protein level and upregulation of α‐SMA together implicated the risk of potential fibrosis post‐laser treatment.ConclusionThis in vitro laser wounded reconstructed skin model captured the key events of wound‐healing process, could be used to investigate the mechanisms of wound‐healing triggered by a commonly used beauty procedure, and also provides a valuable tool for evaluating the efficacy of novel actives for the post‐procedure application.
A prospective and comparative investigation of blood sFlt‐1, P1GF, and niacin concentrations in women with premature ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Ovayolu Ali , Bostancieri Nuray 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveEndothelial dysfunction is an important component of preeclampsia like premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), and it is reported that placental growth factor (P1GF) and soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase receptor‐1 (sFlt‐1) levels are important in preeclampsia. Extra‐placental sources for P1GF and sFlt‐1 have also been identified, including various cell types. In animal models of POI, niacin treatment inhibited follicular apoptosis under hazardous conditions while significantly reducing cumulus cell apoptosis. The number of developing follicles also increased after niacin was given. This study was designed to determine blood sFlt‐1, P1GF, and niacin concentrations in women with idiopathic POI (iPOI) compared with those of healthy women.MethodsThe study comprised 45 women with iPOI and 45 healthy women. Blood was obtained and analyzed at the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and sFlt‐1, P1GF, and niacin levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit.ResultsNo significant differences were observed in the two groups according to the gravidity numbers, parity, abortion, live births, and menarche ages (p ≥ 0.05). In the iPOI group, the mean anti‐mullerian hormone value was 0.03 ± 0.04 (min–max, 0.00–0.21) ng/ml. sFlt‐1, P1GF, niacin levels, and also the sFlt‐1/P1GF ratio were lower in the iPOI group (p < 0.01). A significant discriminative role of sFlt‐1, P1GF, niacin levels, and the sFlt‐1/P1GF ratio for the presence of iPOI, with cut‐off values of 5.13, 10.28, 37.17, and 0.61 ng/ml, respectively, were reported in the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.ConclusionsLower levels of P1GF, sFlt‐1, niacin, and sFlt‐1/P1GF ratios may be associated with the development of POI/iPOI. Further studies are required to better understand the etiopathogenesis of POI/iPOI. Clinical trial number: NCT04641624 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Evaluation of postprandial glycemic response in rats (Wistar) fed with different starch sources
Authors: Boaventura Feliphe , Kuritza Leandro N. , Kaelle Gislaine C. B. , Bastos Taís S. , Oliveira Simone G. , Félix Ananda P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe consumption of readily digestible starch sources, such as corn, can negatively impact endocrine disorders related to hyperglycaemia in predisposing animals. In this sense, starch sources containing slowly digestible and resistant fractions can assist glycemic control. The present study analyzed the postprandial glycemic response and blood variables of rats fed with four extruded diets containing corn, brown rice, sweet potato and pea as the main starch source. Thirty‐two male Wistar rats (90 days old) were divided into groups of eight animals each. The rats received one of the experimental diets for 30 days according to a completely randomised design. The glycemia was measured on the 29th and 30th days. The glycemia measured on the 29th day was analyzed at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 min after oral administration of 50% glucose solution. On the 30th day, the same protocol was repeated after providing 3 g of the experimental diet for each animal to obtain the glycemic curve. After the euthanasia on the 30th day, 7 ml of blood was collected via cardiac puncture for glycated haemoglobin (HBA1c), triglycerides, cholesterol, and aspartate and alanine aminotransferases analysis. Diets with pea and sweet potato provided lower glycemic index, average and maximum glycemia, and glycemic increment in relation to the other starch sources (p < 0.05). Animals fed with the corn diet had higher serum concentrations of triglycerides and HBA1c than the other treatments (p < 0.05). Results demonstrated that pea and sweet potato are interesting starch sources for the control of metabolic disorders related to glycemia.
Exo‐ and endophytic fungi enable rapid transfer of nutrients from ant waste to orchid tissue
Authors: Gegenbauer Christian , Bellaire Anke , Schintlmeister Arno , Schmid Markus C. , Kubicek Markus , Voglmayr Hermann , Zotz Gerhard , Richter Andreas , Mayer Veronika E. 
Published: January 2023

Summary
The epiphytic orchid Caularthron bilamellatum sacrifices its water storage tissue for nutrients from the waste of ants lodging inside its hollow pseudobulb. Here, we investigate whether fungi are involved in the rapid translocation of nutrients.
Uptake was analysed with a 15N labelling experiment, subsequent isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS and NanoSIMS).
We encountered two hyphae types: a thick melanized type assigned to ‘black fungi’ (Chaetothyriales, Cladosporiales, and Mycosphaerellales) in ant waste, and a thin endophytic type belonging to Hypocreales. In few cell layers, both hyphae types co‐occurred. 15N accumulation in both hyphae types was conspicuous, while for translocation to the vessels only Hypocreales were involved. There is evidence that the occurrence of the two hyphae types results in a synergism in terms of nutrient uptake.
Our study provides the first evidence that a pseudobulb (=stem)‐born endophytic network of Hypocreales is involved in the rapid translocation of nitrogen from insect‐derived waste to the vegetative and reproductive tissue of the host orchid. For C. bilamellatum that has no contact with the soil, ant waste in the hollow pseudobulbs serves as equivalent to soil in terms of nutrient sources.
Courts and the judicial erosion of democracy in Latin America
Authors: Aguiar Aguilar Azul A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHow are courts used to erode democracy? Using the literature on democratic backsliding and judicial politics as a theoretical framework, in this work, I show the path of how courts are captured by incumbents and then used to subvert democracy. Comparing some cases from the Latin American region, I contend that the judicial erosion of democracy unfolds in three interactive steps: incumbents (a) lead public attacks on the judiciary; (b) push judicial purges; and/or (c) pack the courts, then they use the new weakened high court to undermine democratic institutions legally and harass political opponents.Related ArticlesBasabe‐Serrano, Santiago. 2012. “Presidential Power and the Judicialization of Politics as Determinants of Institutional Change in the Judiciary: The Supreme Court of Ecuador (1979‐2009).” Politics & Policy 40(2): 339–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00348.x.Moreno, Erika, and Richard C. Witmer. 2015. “Where Capacity and Incentives Meet: Presidential Decree Authority and Property Rights in Latin America.” Politics & Policy 43(3): 315–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12118.Nohlen, Dieter. 2009. “Constitutional Jurisdiction and the Consolidation of Democracy.” Politics & Policy 37(1): 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2008.00159.x.
Minimal invasiveness in the surgical treatment of intraosseous defects: A systematic review
Authors: Simonelli Anna , Severi Mattia , Trombelli Leonardo , Farina Roberto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe modern approach to regenerative treatment of periodontal intraosseous defects should aim at maximizing the clinical outcomes while minimizing the invasiveness (pain, complications, aesthetic impairment, chair time, and costs) of the procedure. The present systematic review evaluated the effect of flap design, regenerative technology, and perioperative and postoperative adjunctive protocols on invasiveness. Overall, the results of the 13 included trials indicate that: (a) the elevation of a single (buccal or lingual) flap positively influences the intensity of postoperative pain and improves the quality of early wound healing compared with double flaps; (b) while the adjunctive use of a membrane is associated with significantly longer surgery‐related chair time and higher postoperative pain, the adjunctive use of enamel matrix derivative at sites receiving a graft significantly reduces postoperative pain; also, graft materials showed no significant impact on invasiveness; (c) open flap debridement performed through the elevation of a single flap may lead to substantial clinical improvements of the lesion with reduced surgery‐related chair time and costs, thus representing a promising alternative to regenerative treatment. However, for such an approach, a histological evaluation of the nature of the reconstructed tissues is still lacking, and the presurgery conditions (eg, probing depth, defect severity, and defect morphology), which may benefit in terms of invasiveness, have not yet been defined; and (d) intraoperative and postoperative low‐level laser biostimulation of the defect site may favorably modulate the postoperative course.
Variable selection for high‐dimensional generalized linear model with block‐missing data
Authors: He Yifan , Feng Yang , Song Xinyuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn modern scientific research, multiblock missing data emerges with synthesizing information across multiple studies. However, existing imputation methods for handling block‐wise missing data either focus on the single‐block missing pattern or heavily rely on the model structure. In this study, we propose a single regression‐based imputation algorithm for multiblock missing data. First, we conduct a sparse precision matrix estimation based on the structure of block‐wise missing data. Second, we impute the missing blocks with their means conditional on the observed blocks. Theoretical results about variable selection and estimation consistency are established in the context of a generalized linear model. Moreover, simulation studies show that compared with existing methods, the proposed imputation procedure is robust to various missing mechanisms because of the good properties of regression imputation. An application to Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data also confirms the superiority of our proposed method.
Who owns the map? Data sovereignty and government spatial data collection, use, and dissemination
Authors: Johnson Peter A. , Scassa Teresa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMaps, created through the collection, assembly, and analysis of spatial data are used to support government planning and decision‐making. Traditionally, spatial data used to create maps are collected, controlled, and disseminated by government, although over time, this role has shifted. This shift has been driven by the availability of alternate sources of data collected by private sector companies, and data contributed by volunteers to open mapping platforms, such as OpenStreetMap. In theorizing this shift, we provide examples of how governments use data sovereignty as a tool to shape spatial data collection, use, and sharing. We frame four models of how governments may navigate shifting spatial data sovereignty regimes; first, with government retaining complete control over data collection; second, with government contracting a third party to provide specific data collection services, but with data ownership and dissemination responsibilities resting with government; third, with government purchasing data under terms of access set by third party data collectors, who disseminate data to several parties, and finally, with government retreating from or relinquishing data sovereignty altogether. Within this rapidly changing landscape of data providers, we propose that governments must consider how to address data sovereignty concerns to retain their ability to control data use in the public interest.