bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The AEGEAN-169 clade of bacterioplankton is synonymous with SAR11 subclade V (HIMB59) and metabolically distinct
Authors: Getz Eric W. , Lanclos V. Celeste , Kojima Conner Y. , Cheng Chuankai , Henson Michael W. , Schön Max Emil , Ettema Thijs J. G. , Faircloth Brant C. , Thrash J. Cameron 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Bacterioplankton of the SAR11 clade are the most abundant marine microorganisms and consist of numerous subclades spanning order-level divergence (
Pelagibacterales
). The assignment of the earliest diverging subclade V (a.k.a. HIMB59) to the
Pelagibacterales
is highly controversial, with multiple recent phylogenetic studies placing them completely separate from SAR11. Other than through phylogenomics, subclade V has not received detailed examination due to limited genomes from this group. Here, we assessed the ecogenomic characteristics of subclade V to better understand the role of this group in comparison to the
Pelagibacterales
. We used a new isolate genome, recently released single-amplified genomes and metagenome-assembled genomes, and previously established SAR11 genomes to perform a comprehensive comparative genomics analysis. We paired this analysis with the recruitment of metagenomes spanning the open ocean, coastal, and brackish systems. Phylogenomics, average amino acid identity, and 16S rRNA gene phylogeny indicate that SAR11 subclade V is synonymous with the ubiquitous AEGEAN-169 clade and support the contention that this group represents a taxonomic family. AEGEAN-169 shared many bulk genome qualities with SAR11, such as streamlining and low GC content, but genomes were generally larger. AEGEAN-169 had overlapping distributions with SAR11 but was metabolically distinct from SAR11 in its potential to transport and utilize a broader range of sugars as well as in the transport of trace metals and thiamin. Thus, regardless of the ultimate phylogenetic placement of AEGEAN-169, these organisms have distinct metabolic capacities that likely allow them to differentiate their niche from canonical SAR11 taxa.

IMPORTANCE
One goal of marine microbiologists is to uncover the roles various microorganisms are playing in biogeochemical cycles. Success in this endeavor relies on differentiating groups of microbes and circumscribing their relationships. An early-diverging group (subclade V) of the most abundant bacterioplankton, SAR11, has recently been proposed as a separate lineage that does not share a most recent common ancestor. But beyond phylogenetics, little has been done to evaluate how these organisms compare with SAR11. Our work leverages dozens of new genomes to demonstrate the similarities and differences between subclade V and SAR11. In our analysis, we also establish that subclade V is synonymous with a group of bacteria established from 16S rRNA gene sequences, AEGEAN-169. Subclade V/AEGEAN-169 has clear metabolic distinctions from SAR11 and their shared traits point to remarkable convergent evolution if they do not share a most recent common ancestor.
Classification of Edge Instabilities at Globus-M2 Tokamak
Authors: Solokha V. V. , Kurskiev G. S. , Yashin A. Yu. , Balachenkov I. M. , Varfolomeev V. I. , Voronin A. V. , Gusev V. K. , Goryainov V. Yu. , Dyachenko V. V. , Zhiltsov N. S. , Kiselev E. O. , Minaev V. B. , Novokhatsky A. N. , Petrov Yu. V. , Ponomarenko A. M. , Sakharov N. V. , Telnova A. Yu. , Tkachenko E. E. , Tokarev V. A. , Tolstyakov S. Yu. , Tukhmeneva E. A. , Khromov N. A. , Shchegolev P. B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Among the peripheral instabilities observed at the Globus-M2 tokamak, two types of edge localized modes (ELMs) are brought into focus: ELMs synchronized and desynchronized with the sawtooth oscillations. The desynchronized ELMs appear in regimes that are characterized by high values of pressure in the pedestal, pped ≥ 3 kPa, and they are observed in discharges with the toroidal magnetic field BT > 0.6 T and plasma current IP > 0.3 MA. The desynchronized ELMs belong to the type-III/V with the dominating effect of the peeling mode. The synchronized ELMs were observed in a wider range of discharge parameters, including at BT < 0.6 T and IP < 0.3 MA. Calculations of the stability of the peeling-ballooning (PB) mode showed that at pedestal width ψnorm = 0.09 and pped > 3.5 kPa, destabilization of PB modes is possible without additional influence. Experimental data shows that the microtearing mode plays a dominant role in the pedestal. The microtearing mode does not allow the pedestal at Globus-M2 tokamak to reach the state of the unstable kinetic ballooning mode (KBM), which explains the low predictive power of the EPED model at this tokamak.
Hot Ion Mode in the Globus-M2 Spherical Tokamak
Authors: Kurskiev G. S. , Sakharov N. V. , Gusev V. K. , Minaev V. B. , Miroshnikov I. V. , Petrov Yu. V. , Telnova A. Yu. , Bakharev N. N. , Kiselev E. O. , Zhiltsov N. S. , Shchegolev P. B. , Balachenkov I. M. , Varfolomeev V. I. , Voronin A. V. , Goryainov V. Yu. , Dyachenko V. V. , Zhilin E. G. , Iliasova M. V. , Kavin A. A. , Konovalov A. N. , Krikunov S. V. , Lobanov K. M. , Melnik A. D. , Mineev A. B. , Novokhatsky A. N. , Patrov M. I. , Petrov A. V. , Ponomarenko A. M. , Skrekel’ O. M. , Solovei V. A. , Solokha V. V. , Tkachenko E. E. , Tokarev V. A. , Tolstyakov S. Yu. , Tukhmeneva E. A. , Khilkevitch E. M. , Khromov N. A. , Chernyshev F. V. , Shevelev A. E. , Shulyat’ev K. D. , Yashin A. Yu. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
NBI-assisted plasma heating with one or two injectors of fast neutral atoms was studied at the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak at the toroidal magnetic fields of 0.8–0.9 T and plasma currents of 0.35–0.4 MA. Measurements of the spatial temperature and electron density distributions, performed using the Thomson scattering diagnostics, showed a twofold increase in heating of plasma electrons during the injection of neutral particles with energies of up to 45 keV at the beam power of 0.75 MW, as compared to the ohmic heating regime. Switching on the second additional beam with the particle energy of up to 30 keV and power of up to 0.5 MW resulted in obtaining the hot ion mode in the range of mean plasma densities of (1.6–10) × 1019 m−3. According to the data of active spectroscopy and neutral particle analyzer diagnostics, in the hot zone, the ion temperature reached 4 keV at the plasma density of 8 × 1019 m−3, which is more than 2.5 times higher than the electron temperature.
Minimal important change and difference for knee osteoarthritis outcome measurement tools after non-surgical interventions: a systematic review
Authors: Silva M Denika C , Perriman Diana M , Fearon Angela M , Couldrick Jacqui M , Scarvell Jennie M 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo systematically review and provide estimates of the minimal important change (MIC) and difference (MID) for outcome tools in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) after non-surgical interventions.DesignA systematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched up to 21 September 2021.Eligibility criteriaWe included studies that calculated MIC and MID using any calculation method including anchor, consensus and distribution methods, for any knee OA outcome tool after non-surgical interventions.Data extraction and synthesisWe extracted reported MIC, MID and minimum detectable change (MDC) estimates. We used quality assessment tools appropriate to the studies’ methods to screen out low-quality studies. Values were combined to produce a median and range, for each method.ResultsForty-eight studies were eligible (anchor-k=12, consensus-k=1 and distribution-k=35). MIC values for 13 outcome tools including Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)-pain, activities of daily living (ADL), quality of life (QOL) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC)-function were estimated using 5 high-quality anchor studies. MID values for 23 tools including KOOS-pain, ADL, QOL and WOMAC-function, stiffness and total were estimated using 6 high-quality anchor studies. One moderate quality consensus study reported MIC for pain, function and global assessment. MDC values from distribution method estimates for 126 tools including KOOS-QOL and WOMAC-total were estimated using 38 good-to-fair-quality studies.ConclusionMedian MIC, MID and MDC estimates were reported for outcome tools in people with knee OA after non-surgical interventions. The results of this review clarify the current understanding of MIC, MID and MDC in the knee OA population. However, some estimates suggest considerable heterogeneity and require careful interpretation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020215952.
Effect of physical activity on coronary heart disease risk factors among firefighters: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Achmat Ghaleelullah , Erasmus Charlene , Kanaley Jill , Leach Lloyd 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPhysical activity interventions have been used for various health conditions, including cardiovascular disease. However, the literature is still limited regarding the effect of physical activity on coronary heart disease among firefighters.Methods and analysisThe review will be conducted according to recommendations from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and PRISMA Protocol guidelines. This scoping review will provide a synthesis of current evidence on the effects of physical activity on coronary heart disease among firefighters. Search strategies will be performed in the following databases: Cochrane database, PubMed, Medline, (EbscoHost), Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL (EBSCO), SAGE journals, ScienceDirect and Scopus. We will include literature in the English language that are full-text peer-reviewed articles from inception to November 2021. Screening of (titles, abstracts and full text of potential articles) will be done by two independent authors using EndNote V.9 software tool. A standardised data extraction form will be designed for the extraction. Two authors will independently extract the data from the selected articles and all differences will be discussed by an invited third reviewer if a consensus cannot be reached. The primary outcomes will be the impact of physical fitness on firefighters experiencing coronary artery disease. This information can assist policy-makers in decision-making related to the use of physical activity in firefighters experiencing coronary heart disease.Ethics and disseminationEthical clearance has been obtained from the University ethics committee and the City of Cape Town. The findings will be disseminated through publications and the physical activity guidelines will be submitted to the Fire Departments within the City of Cape Town. Data analysis will start on 1 April 2023.
Preoperative hypoalbuminaemia in liver surgery: an observational study at a university medical centre
Authors: Kuhlmann Anna Dorothea , Spies Claudia , Schulte Erika , Jara Maximilian , von Haefen Clarissa , Mertens Mandy , Süß Laura Anouk , Winkler Nathalie , Lachmann Gunnar , Lachmann Cornelia 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesPreoperative hypoalbuminaemia is associated with adverse outcome, including increased postoperative mortality in cardiovascular surgery, neurosurgery, trauma and orthopaedic surgery. However, much less is known about the association between preoperative serum albumin and clinical outcomes after liver surgery. In this study, we sought to determine whether hypoalbuminaemia before partial hepatectomy is associated with a worse postoperative outcome.DesignObservational study.SettingUniversity Medical Centre in Germany.ParticipantsWe analysed 154 patients enrolled in the perioperative PHYsostigmine prophylaxis for liver resection patients at risk for DELIrium and postOperative cognitive dysfunction (PHYDELIO) trial with a preoperative serum albumin assessment. Hypoalbuminaemia was defined as serum albumin <35 g/L. Subgroups classified as hypoalbuminaemia and non-hypoalbuminaemia consisted of 32 (20.8%) and 122 (79.2%) patients, respectively.Outcome measuresThe outcome parameters of interest were postoperative complications according to Clavien (moderate: I, II; major: ≥III), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, length of hospital stay and survival rates 1 year after surgery.ResultsPreoperative hypoalbuminaemia was associated with the occurrence of major postoperative complications (OR 3.051 (95% CI 1.197 to 7.775); p=0.019) after adjusting for age, sex, randomisation, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, preoperative diagnosis and Child-Pugh class. Both ICU and hospital lengths of stay were significantly prolonged in patients with preoperative hypoalbuminaemia (OR 2.573 (95% CI 1.015 to 6.524); p=0.047 and OR 1.296 (95% CI 0.254 to 3.009); p=0.012, respectively). One-year survival was comparable between patients with and without hypoalbuminaemia.ConclusionsWe found that low serum albumin before surgery was associated with a worse short-term outcome after partial hepatectomy, which strengthens the prognostic value of serum albumin in the setting of liver surgery.Trial registration numbersISRCTN18978802and EudraCT 2008-007237-47.
Development and validation of a novel nomogram of 1-year mortality in the elderly with hip fracture: a study of the MIMIC-III database
Authors: Chen Qian , Hao Peng , Wong Chipiu , Zhong Xiaoxin , He Qing , Chen Yantao 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveHip fracture is a prevalent condition with a significant death rate among the elderly. We sought to develop a nomogram-based survival prediction model for older patients with hip fracture.DesignA retrospective case–control study.SettingThe data from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III V.1.4).ParticipantsThe clinical features of elderly patients with hip fracture, including basic information, comorbidities, severity score, laboratory tests and therapy, were filtered out based on the MIMIC-III V.1.4.Methods and main outcome measuresAll patients included in the study were from critical care and randomly divided into training and validation sets (7:3). On the basis of retrieved data, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to identify independent predictive variables of 1-year mortality, and then constructed a risk prediction nomogram. The predictive values of the nomogram model were evaluated by the concordance indexes (C-indexes), receiver operating characteristic curve, decision curve analysis (DCA) and calibration curve.ResultsA total of 341 elderly patients with hip fracture were included in this study; 121 cases died within 1 year. After LASSO regression and multiple logistic regression analysis, a novel nomogram contained the predictive variables of age, weight, the proportion of lymphocyte count, liver disease, malignant tumour and congestive heart failure. The constructed model proved satisfactory discrimination with C-indexes of 0.738 (95% CI 0.674 to 0.802) in the training set and 0.713 (95% CI 0.608 to 0.819) in the validation set. The calibration curve shows a good degree of fitting between the predicted and observed probabilities and the DCA confirms the model’s clinical practicability.ConclusionsThe novel prediction model provides personalised predictions for 1-year mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures. Compared with other hip fracture models, our nomogram is particularly suitable for predicting long-term mortality in critical patients.
Barriers to, and facilitators of, eHealth utilisation by parents of high-risk newborn infants in the NICU: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Zhang Yao , Johnston Linda 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionParental presence in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has been demonstrated to enhance infant growth and development, reduce parental anxiety and stress and strengthen parent–infant bonding. Since eHealth technology emerged, research on its utilisation in NICUs has risen substantially. There is some evidence that incorporating such technologies in the NICU can reduce parental stress and enhance parent confidence in caring for their infant.Several countries, including China, restrict parental attendance in NICUs, citing infection control challenges, issues of privacy and confidentiality and perceived additional workload for healthcare professionals. Due to COVID-19 pandemic-related shortages of personal protective equipment and uncertain mode of transmission, many NICUs around the world closed to parental visiting and engagement in neonatal care.There is anecdotal evidence that, given pandemic-related restrictions, eHealth technologies, have increasingly been used in NICUs as a potential substitute for in-person parental presence.However, the constraints and enablers of technologies in these situations have not been exhaustively examined. This scoping review aims to update the literature on eHealth technology utilisation in the NICU and to explore the literature on the challenges and facilitators of eHealth technology implementation to inform future research.Methods and analysisThe five-stage Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology will serve as the foundation for this scoping review. Eight databases will be searched for the relevant literature published between January 2000 and August 2022 in either English or Chinese. Grey literature will be manually searched. Data extraction and eligibility screening will be carried out by two impartial reviewers. There will be periods of both quantitative and qualitative analysis.Ethics and disseminationSince all data and information will be taken from publicly accessible literature, ethical approval would not be necessary. A peer-reviewed publication will be published with the results of this scoping review.Trial registration numberThis scoping review protocol was registered in Open Science Framework and can be found here:https://osf.io/AQV5P/.
Anaemia among lactating and non-lactating women in low-income and middle-income countries: a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Chilot Dagmawi , Aragaw Fantu Mamo , Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Asratie Melaku Hunie , Bicha Mequanint Melesse , Alem Adugnaw Zeleke 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of anaemia among lactating and non-lactating women in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).DesignComparative cross-sectional study.SettingLMICs.ParticipantsReproductive-age women.Primary outcomeAnaemia.MethodsData for the study were drawn from the recent 46 LMICs Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). A total of 185 330 lactating and 827 501 non-lactating women (both are non-pregnant) who gave birth in the last 5 years preceding the survey were included. STATA V.16 was used to clean, code and analyse the data. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with anaemia. In the adjusted model, the adjusted OR with 95% CI and a p value <0.05 was reported to indicate statistical association.ResultThe prevalence of anaemia among lactating and non-lactating women was found at 50.95% (95% CI 50.72, 51.17) and 49.33% (95% CI 49.23%, 49.44%), respectively. Maternal age, mother’s educational status, wealth index, family size, media exposure, residence, pregnancy termination, source of drinking water and contraceptive usage were significantly associated determinants of anaemia in both lactating and non-lactating women. Additionally, the type of toilet facility, antenatal care visit, postnatal care visit, iron supplementation and place of delivery were factors significantly associated with anaemia in lactating women. Besides, smoking was significantly associated with anaemia in non-lactating women.Conclusions and recommendationsThe prevalence of anaemia was higher in lactating women compared with non-lactating. Almost half of the lactating and non-lactating women were anaemic. Both individual-level and community-level factors were significantly associated with anaemia. Governments, non-governmental organisations, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders are recommended to primarily focus on disadvantageous communities where their knowledge, purchasing power, access to healthcare facilities, access to clean drinking water and clean toilet facilities are minimal.
Effectiveness and costs of a low-threshold hearing screening programme (HörGeist) for individuals with intellectual disabilities: protocol for a screening study
Authors: Schwarze Katharina , Mathmann Philipp , Schäfer Karolin , Brannath Werner , Höhne Phillip-Hendrik , Altin Sibel , Prein Lukas , Naghipour Awa , Zielonkowski Susanna Marie , Wasmuth Susanne , Kanaan Oliver , am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen Antoinette , Schwalen Anna Sophia , Schotenröhr Anna , Scharpenberg Martin , Schlierenkamp Sarah , Stuhrmann Nicole , Lang-Roth Ruth , Demir Muhittin , Diekmann Sandra , Neumann Anja , Gietmann Corinna , Neumann Katrin 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionIndividuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) often suffer from hearing loss, in most cases undiagnosed or inappropriately treated. The implementation of a programme of systematic hearing screening, diagnostics, therapy initiation or allocation and long-term monitoring within the living environments of individuals with ID (nurseries, schools, workshops, homes), therefore, seems beneficial.Methods and analysisThe study aims to assess the effectiveness and costs of a low-threshold screening programme for individuals with ID. Within this programme 1050 individuals with ID of all ages will undergo hearing screening and an immediate reference diagnosis in their living environment (outreach cohort). The recruitment of participants in the outreach group will take place within 158 institutions, for example, schools, kindergartens and places of living or work. If an individual fails the screening assessment, subsequent full audiometric diagnostics will follow and, if hearing loss is confirmed, initiation of therapy or referral to and monitoring of such therapy. A control cohort of 141 participants will receive an invitation from their health insurance provider via their family for the same procedure but within a clinic (clinical cohort). A second screening measurement will be performed with both cohorts 1 year later and the previous therapy outcome will be checked. It is hypothesised that this programme leads to a relevant reduction in the number of untreated or inadequately treated cases of hearing loss and strengthens the communication skills of the newly or better-treated individuals. Secondary outcomes include the age-dependent prevalence of hearing loss in individuals with ID, the costs associated with this programme, cost of illness before-and-after enrolment and modelling of the programme’s cost-effectiveness compared with regular care.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Institutional Ethics Review Board of the Medical Association of Westphalia-Lippe and the University of Münster (No. 2020-843 f-S). Participants or guardians will provide written informed consent. Findings will be disseminated through presentations, peer-reviewed journals and conferences.Trial registration numberDRKS00024804.