bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of Liver X receptors alleviates neuropathic pain-induced cognitive dysfunction by modulating PI3K/AKT-mediated microglia polarization
Authors: Han Siyi , Yuan Xiaoman , Zhao Fengtian , Manyande Anne , Gao Feng , Wang Jie , Zhang Wen , Tian Xuebi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background：
Cognitive dysfunction is a prevalent comorbidity in patients with chronic pain. Evidence suggested that activation of Liver X receptors (LXRs) plays a potential role in improving cognitive disorders in multiple central nervous diseases by modulating neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity. In this study, we mainly investigated whether LXRs could reverse cognitive deficits induced by neuropathic pain.
Methods：
We established the spared nerve injury (SNI) model to explore the roles of LXRs in neuropathic pain induced-cognitive dysfunction. Pharmacological activation of LXRs with T0901317 or inhibition with GSK2033 was applied. In addition, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 was administered to examine the downstream mechanism of LXRs. Changes in neuroinflammation, microglia polarization, and synaptic plasticity were assessed using biochemical technologies.
Results：
We found that SNI induced mechanical allodynia and novel object recognition dysfunction in mice, accompanied by the reduced expression levels of LXRβ, synaptic proteins, and the PI3K/AKT pathway in the hippocampus. Microglia were activated in the hippocampus after SNI, with an increase in the M1 phenotype and a decrease in the M2 phenotype, as well as upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Activation of LXRs with T0901317 significantly ameliorated SNI-induced cognitive dysfunction including anxiety, learning and memory. T0901317 also reversed neuroinflammation and microglia M1-polarization induced by SNI, upregulated expression levels of synaptic proteins, and phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. However, administration of the LXRs inhibitor GSK2033 or PI3K inhibitor LY294002 abolished the protective effects of T0901317 on cognitive dysfunction in SNI mice.
Conclusion：
Our data indicate that activation of LXRs can alleviate neuropathic pain-induced cognitive dysfunction by modulating microglia polarization, neuroinflammation, and synaptic plasticity through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and thus, LXRs may be identified as potential new targets for pain-related cognitive deficits.
Persistent hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation in children
Authors: Lee Hyun Kyung , Park Peong Gang , Han Ahram , Ahn Yo Han , Min Sangil , Kim Su-Jin , Ha Jongwon , Kang Hee Gyung 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Most patients with chronic kidney disease develop variable degrees of secondary hyperparathyroidism, which is resolved after kidney transplantation (KT). However, persistent hyperparathyroidism after KT in adults is reported to occur in 50% patients undergoing KT; this has not been investigated thoroughly in children. Here, we analyzed the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism after KT and its risk factors among children in a single-referral hospital.
Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed medical records of children who underwent KT between 2007 and 2020. Persistent hyperparathyroidism was defined as the median PTH level of more than 65 pg/mL; its annual prevalence, risk factors, treatment status, and association with graft outcome, were analyzed.
Results: Among 153 patients, 56% were boys and their mean age was 10.5 years. The prevalence of persistent hyperparathyroidism was about 36% after 1 year, which remained stable up to 4 years after KT. The occurrence of persistent hyperparathyroidism was associated with longer pretransplant dialysis duration and hyperphosphatemia. Of the enrolled children, one underwent parathyroidectomy and 15 received cinacalcet therapy. A total of 49.6% children either had a graft failure or their eGFR was less than 60ml/min/1.732 after a median of 4.6 years of KT; hyperparathyroidism status was associated with decreased kidney function.
Conclusion: Prevalence of persistent hyperparathyroidism after KT is common in children, with a considerable portion of them being treated medically or surgically. The degree of secondary hyperparathyroidism before KT may be a risk factor for development of persistent hyperparathyroidism, which has been associated with decreased graft function.
Research on the relationship between common metabolic syndrome and meteorological factors in Wuhu, a subtropical humid city of China
Authors: Zhang Tao , Ni Man , Jia Juan , Deng Yujie , Sun Xiaoya , Wang Xinqi , Chen Yuting , Fang Lanlan , Zhao Hui , Xu Shanshan , Ma Yubo , Zhu Jiansheng , Pan Faming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the deterioration of climate issue, human's health is exposed to much more extensive kinds of threats. The primary purpose of this study was to ascertain the harzard of death from metabolic syndrome (MetS) caused by meteorological factors. We collected daily data from 2014 to 2020 in Wuhu City, including meteorological factors, environmental pollutants and death data of common MetS (hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes), as well as a total number of 15,272 MetS deaths. In order to explore the relationship between meteorological factors, air pollutants and MetS mortality, we used a generalized additive model (GAM) combined with a distributed delay nonlinear model (DLNM) for time series analysis. The relationship between the above factors and death outcomes was preliminarily evaluated using Spearman analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). As per out discovery, diurnal temperature range (DTR) and daily mean temperature (T mean) increased the MetS mortality risk notably. The ultra low DTR raised the MetS mortality risk upon the general people, with the highest RR value of 1.033 (95% CI: 1.002, 1.065) at lag day 14. In addition, T mean was also significantly associated with MetS death. The highest risk of ultra low and ultra high T mean occured on the same day (lag 14), RR values were 1.043 (95% CI: 1.010, 1.077) and 1.032 (95% CI: 1.003, 1.061) respectively. Stratified analysis’s result showed lower DTR had a more pronounced effect on women and the elderly, and ultra low and high T mean was a risk factor for MetS mortality in women and men. The elderly need to take extra note of temperature changes, and different levels of T mean will increase the risk of death.
Digital Trade Networks: Multinational Enterprises and Digital Regulation
Authors: Zhang Tianding , Gong Tong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The influence of multinational enterprises on digital trade is growing significantly, resulting in profound transformations within global production networks. In this paper, we establish a comprehensive global digital trade network using the OECD-AMNE database and conduct empirical analysis to examine the impact of digital regulations and network structure. Our findings reveal domestic and international digital regulations' collaborative influence on countries' network participation. Moreover, we observe that stringent domestic restrictions impede exports. Additionally, our results highlight the positive role of reciprocal network structures in fostering trade relationships. By employing a value-added decomposition approach, we uncover that digital service trade restrictions hinder the export of value-added trade when multinational enterprises act as upstream value-added providers. However, downstream producers experience comparatively lesser impact. Furthermore, we identify that disparities in digital service regulation between home and host countries significantly influence the digital service output of multinational enterprises. Additionally, differences in global rules have implications for investment relationships. To sum up, we have put forward policy suggestions that are specifically designed for the newly adopted digital commerce systems. These suggestions highlight the significance of maintaining harmony between digital accessibility and safeguarding the country's economic interests.
JEL Classification: F14; F42;
Development and validation of an educational handout for improving glaucoma medication adherence: a patient-centred approach
Authors: Abaidoo Benjamin , KP Mashige , Govender P , Badasu P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Educating patients with glaucoma through structured written information can improve their understanding of the disease and promote better adherence to prescribed medications.
Purpose:
This study aimed to develop and validate an educational handout for improving glaucoma medication adherence.
Methods:
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study design conducted in two phases namely; the design and development of the handout and the validation of the handout. Content development was done by assessing the educational needs of patients with glaucoma through a qualitative exploratory approach. The handout was drafted and formatted in consultation with a professional medical illustrator and a health promotion specialist. Thereafter, it was assessed by experts for content validity and by patients with glaucoma for face validity. The scale level content validity index (SCVI) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were the main outcome variables. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant and the confidence interval was set at 95%.
Results:
Twenty-four patients with glaucoma participated in the content development. Ten experts and 15 patients with glaucoma were involved in the content and face validation, respectively. The themes generated from the qualitative exploratory study included; knowledge about glaucoma and adherence, reasons for non-adherence, use of glaucoma medication, and the role of patients in managing glaucoma. The SCVI for the content validity was high
Conclusion:
The handout has a good content and face validity with an excellent inter-rater reliability and can be used as an educational resource to improve adherence to glaucoma medication.
Influencing factors for pursuing agriculture as a career for agriculture undergraduates: A two-stage approach
Authors: Roy Sanjoy Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The study's goal was to determine the variables that were linked to university students' intentions to pursue agricultural-related employment. Quantitative data was gathered from 323 students who were enrolled in various agricultural-based university programs in Bangladesh. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) were employed to examine the data. The results revealed that students' intentions to enter agricultural-related careers were predicted by their attitudes toward agriculture, agricultural knowledge, perceived behavioral control, facilities and resource conditions, innovativeness and creativity, career planning, perception of sustainable agriculture methods, perception of organizational support, and technological competency. Perceived behavioral control is the strongest predictor. Subjective norms, perceived value, and entrepreneurial capabilities were found the insignificant predictors. The results shed light on the parameters agricultural undergraduates take into account when selecting whether to pursue jobs in the field of agriculture. This can assist academic specialists in retaining and attracting students by meeting their demands for motivation. By including nine extra components, the study broadens the theory of planned behavior's application for predicting intention in the agricultural sector. The study first time examined the linear and nonlinear correlations among variables. The areas where programming efforts are most likely to be successful can be more clearly identified by having a deeper grasp of the variables that influence students' decisions regarding their future professions in agriculture.
Ecosystem and fish commercializing in a rich-minerals, low-salinity and semi-arid closed lake
Authors: Abdelkarim Mohamad S. ,   2.	Dalia M. Belal,   3.	Nasser S. Flefil,   4.	Mahmoud H. Hegab,   5.	Abeer M. Mahmoud, Al-Afify Afify D.G. , Aly Walid , Ali Mohamed H.H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This study aimed at representing some biological and chemical features of Bieda lake and discussing its fisheries opportunities. The water is well-oxygenated, rich with different nutrient salts. sodium and chloride values were lower than the equivalent surface seawater. The lake characterized by species richness of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Currently, two euryhaline cichlid species, Oreochromis aureus and Coptodon zillii, inhabited the lake. Their condition factors were 1.82 and 2.03, respectively. C. zillii was very low with slight mortality during summer. The high density and high nutritional plankton communities and the dense microphytobenthic diatoms film covered the lake sediment revealed that fishes inhabiting the lake is under their carrying capacity and introducing mullet’s species is very important. The well-oxygenated water, high plankton density, diatoms biofilms, and expected salinity change evidenced that translocation and culturing of the commercially M. cephalus or C. ramada in El Bieda Lake is very advised.
Thermal behavior of borax, Na2B4O5(OH)4·8H2O
Authors: Nishiyasu Wataru , Kyono Atsushi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Globally, borax is one of the most important borate minerals, both industrially and from a technological viewpoint. Despite its importance, there have been only a few reports on the structural changes of borax upon heating. In this study, we have investigated the thermal behavior and structural characteristics of borax using thermal analysis, in situ high-temperature synchrotron X-ray diffraction, in situ variable-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and quantum chemical calculations. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve showed a large endothermic peak at 349 K corresponding to the dehydration reaction of borax. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern remained almost unchanged up to 353 K. Above 363 K, the XRD peaks gradually became less intense until they disappeared at 403 K. The unit-cell volume continuously increased with increasing temperature and became constant just before its phase transition to tincalconite. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient between 113 and 323 K was 7.84 × 10–5 K–1. The a and c lattice parameters exhibited a slight increase trend with increasing temperature, whereas the b lattice parameter increased significantly. Therefore, the thermal expansibilities followed the order b/b0 &gt;&gt; c/c0 &gt; a/a0. The increasing b lattice parameter was closely related to the elongation of the O4···H7B hydrogen-bond interaction along the b-axis. Na-O bond lengths were isotropically expanded with increasing temperature, whereas the B-O bond lengths and angles remained unchanged even after the phase transition to tincalconite. Molecular orbital calculations revealed that an electron cloud shared by two borate tetrahedra led to the formation of a large electron cloud distribution over the B4O5(OH)4 cluster. The intramolecular interactions with substantial covalent character made the cluster quite rigid. The existence of borate minerals containing the B4O5(OH)4 clusters in their structure evidenced the presence of moderately acidic or alkaline water, wherein the borate minerals grew via the incorporation of B4O5(OH)4 clusters. Our results indicate that the connection geometry of the fundamental building block consisting of Bφ3 triangles and Bφ4 tetrahedra (φ: O2–, OH–) can potentially be used as a palaeoenvironmental indicator.
Efficacy of the Novel Formulation of Topical Liothyronine and
Liothyronine-insulin in Mild to Moderate Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A
Randomized, Triple-blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Saghafi Fatemeh , Khalilzadeh Saeed Hossein , Ramezani Vahid , Pasandeh Fatemeh , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Sahebnasagh Adeleh 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the challenging complications
of chronic diabetes.

Objective:
The study aimed to investigate whether liothyronine (T3) and liothyronineinsulin
(T3/Ins) topical preparations could significantly reduce the healing time of DFU.

Methods:
A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, patient-blinded clinical trial
was conducted on patients with mild to moderate DFU, over a lesion area of no greater
than 100 cm2. The patients were randomized to receive T3, T3/Ins, or honey cream 10%
as the routine of care twice a day. Patients were examined for tissue healing weekly for 4
weeks, or until the total lesion clearance was observed, whichever was earlier.

Results:
Of 147 patients with DFUs, 78 patients (26 per group) completed the study and
were included in the final evaluation. At the time of study termination, all participants in
each of the T3 or T3/Ins groups were free of symptoms based on the REEDA score, while
about 40% of participants in the control group were detected with each of grades 1, 2, or
3. A significant difference was observed on days 7, 14, and 21 of consumption of topical
preparations (p-value < 0.001). The mean time to complete wound closure in the routine
care group was about 60.6 days, while it was 15.9 and 16.4 days in T3 and T3/Ins groups,
respectively. Within the T3 and T3/Ins groups, significant earlier wound closure was detected
at day 28 (p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion:
T3 or T3/Ins topical preparations are effective for wound healing and acceleration
of wound closure in mild to moderate DFUs.

Trial Registration:
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Identifier: IRCT201908100
44500N20, https://www.irct.ir/trial/ 46886, Registration date: 2021-08-22
Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) and its Bioactive Compounds in Diabetes:
A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies and Insight of Mechanism
of Action
Authors: Van Bao , Abdalla Ashraf N. , Algarni Alanood S. , Khalid Asaad , Zengin Gokhan , Aumeeruddy Muhammad Zakariyyah , Mahomoodally Mohamad Fawzi 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) belongs to the Zingiberaceae
family, which is renowned for its rich nutritional and phytochemical composition,
and has been validated for its anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties via in vitro,
in vivo, and clinical studies. Nonetheless, a comprehensive review of these pharmacological
studies, especially clinical studies, together with an analysis of the mechanism of action
of the bioactive compounds is still lacking. This review provided a comprehensive
and updated analysis of the anti-diabetic efficacy of Z. officinale and its compounds ginger
enone, gingerol, paradol, shogaol, and zingerone.

Methods:
The present systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines.
Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and PubMed were the main databases used for
retrieving information from inception to March 2022.

Results:
From the findings obtained, Z. officinale can be regarded as a therapeutic species
showing significant improvement in clinical studies on glycemic parameters (Fasting
blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), and insulin resistance). In addition, the
bioactive compounds of Z. officinale act via several mechanisms as revealed by in vitro
and in vivo studies. Overall, these mechanisms were by increasing glucose-stimulated insulin
secretion, sensitising insulin receptors and raising glucose uptake, translocation of
GLUT4, inhibition of advanced glycation end product-induced increase of reactive oxygen
species, regulation of hepatic gene expression of enzymes associated with glucose
metabolism, regulation of the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, amelioration of the
pathological injuries of kidneys, protective effect on the morphology of β-cells as well as
its antioxidant mechanisms, among others.

Conclusion:
Z. officinale and its bioactive compounds displayed promising results in in
vitro and in vivo systems, nevertheless, it is highly recommended that human trials be
conducted on these compounds since clinical studies are the core of medical research and
considered the final stages of the drug development process.
Influence of Renin-angiotensin System Inhibitors on the Treatment of
Metastatic Renal Cancer
Authors: Saeedi Nikoo , Mansoori Saeide , Asgharzadeh Fereshteh , Soleimani Atena , Mollazadeh Samaneh , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers
(ARB) are mainly known as anti-hypertensive drugs. Recent evidence suggests their anti-tumor potential
against renal cancer. More than one-fourth of patients present with metastasis on their first visit.

Objective:
The purpose of the current study was to examine the potential clinical impact of ACEI/ARB on metastatic
renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Methods:
We searched through several online databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase,
to find clinical studies that have investigated the association between treatment with ACEI/ARB and the
survival of patients with mRCC. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were utilized to
assess the strength of the association.

Results:
A total of 6 studies with a total number of 2,364 patients were found eligible for the final analysis. The
HR for the relationship between ACEI/ARB use and overall survival (OS) showed patients undergoing treatment
with ACEI/ARB to have higher OS than non-users (HR: 0.664, 95% CI 0.577-0.764, p = 0.000). Furthermore,
the HR for the relationship between ACEI/ARB use and progression-free survival (PFS) showed patients
undergoing treatment with ACEI/ARB to have higher PFS than non-users (HR: 0.734, 95% CI 0.695-0.794, p =
0.000).

Conclusion:
The results of this review offer ACEI/ARB as a potential therapeutic option associated with improved
survival outcomes in patients receiving anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.
Biomedical Application of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives: A Comprehensive
Review
Authors: Kankariya Yash , Chatterjee Bappaditya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Chitosan (CS) is a widely known naturally occurring polysaccharide made of chitin. The Low solubility
of chitosan in water restricts its use in medical applications. However, several chemical modifications
have made chitosan superior in solubility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, stability, and easy functionalization
ability. All these favourable properties have increased chitosan’s application in drug delivery and biomedical
fields. Chitosan-based nanoparticles or biodegradable controlled-release systems are of great interest to scientists.
Layer -by-layer technique is employed to develop hybrid chitosan composites. Such modified chitosan
is widely used in wound healing and several tissue engineering approaches. This review brings together the potential
of chitosan and its modified form in biomedical applications.
Regioselective Functionalization of the para-Positions at the Calix[4]arene Upper Rim
Authors: Yesypenko Oleksandr A. , Trybrat Oleksandr O. , Karpichev Yevgen A. , I. Kalchenko Vitaly 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:This review summarized and systematized the currently known methods of substituting phenolic fragments of calix[4]arenes in the para-position, mainly focusing on the conditions of regioselective carrying out such processes. The reactions of the further transformation of the inserted functional groups, which allows the expansion of the family of para-substituted calixarenes, are also considered. These reactions can be used in the synthesis of inherently chiral calix[4]arenes with asymmetric substitution on the upper rim.