bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is higher lymphocyte count a potential strategy for preventing chronic kidney disease in patients receiving long-term dasatinib treatment?
Authors: Nakayama Hirokazu , Iizuka Hiromitsu , Kato Toshiaki , Usuki Kensuke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Dasatinib, which is used to treat treating chronic myeloid leukemia, induces increases in blood lymphocytes during the treatment. In addition, neutrophil–lymphocyte count ratio (NLR) is associated with the related to development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it has not been reported whether development of CKD during long-term dasatinib treatment is related to lymphocyte count or NLR. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between CKD and lymphocyte count or NLR during long-term dasatinib treatment.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted in patients treated with dasatinib for 6 months or longer. Risk factors for CKD development were explored using multivariate analysis. Changes in maximal lymphocyte count and NLR over time were examined separately.

Results
A total of 33 patients in CKD group (n = 8) and No CKD group (n = 25) who received dasatinib were enrolled. In univariate analysis, significant differences between the groups were observed in maximal lymphocyte count, lymphocytosis, age, and estimated glomerular filtration rate at baseline. As the factor independently associated with the development of CKD, maximal lymphocyte count (odds ratio 0.999, 95% confidence interval: 0.999–1.000, p = 0.033) was identified. In this analysis, age had borderline significance (odds ratio 1.073, 95% CI: 0.999–1.153, p = 0.054)]. After 6 months of dasatinib therapy, lymphocyte count was significantly lower in CKD group [median (range), 2184 (878‒3444)/μL] than in the No CKD group [3501 (966‒7888)/μL] (p = 0.020). However, no significant difference in lymphocyte count was observed between the groups at the last follow-up. During the study period, the median NLR in the No CKD group fluctuated between 1.11 and 1.42, and median NLR in CKD group was increased from 1.13 to 2.24 between after 6 months of dasatinib therapy and the last follow-up.

Conclusions
The development of CKD during dasatinib therapy was associated with lower maximal lymphocyte counts. In contrast, the higher levels of lymphocytes induced during dasatinib treatment may prevent CKD progression.
Gastrocolic fistula caused by transverse colon cancer: a case report
Authors: Sugi Tomoyuki , Kurata Masanao , Furuta Tomoaki , Ishibashi Osamu , Inagawa Satoshi , Ariga Hiroyuki , Kashimura Junya , Kawai Hitomi , Takayashiki Norio , Oda Tatsuya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
A gastrocolic fistula is an unusual communication between the colon and the stomach. Although colon cancer is the most common malignant cause of gastrocolic fistula in the Western world, the incidence of gastrocolic fistula due to colon cancer is 0.3% in operated cases.

Case presentation
A 68-year-old man presented with anorexia, general malaise, weight loss, and vomiting of fecal matter. Investigations revealed that the patient had a large nonmetastatic splenic flexure tumor that was diagnosed as colon cancer and had invaded the stomach and pancreas. An upper gastrointestinal series confirmed a gastrocolic fistula. Left hemicolectomy, distal gastrectomy, distal pancreatectomy, and splenectomy were performed. Histology revealed transverse colon cancer, which was UICC stage (8th edition) pT4bN1bcM0 pStage IIIC. Adjuvant chemotherapy was not performed. There was no recurrence or metastasis one year after surgery.
We reviewed 17 cases including our case of a gastrocolic fistula caused by colon cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not given to any of the patients, and en bloc resections were conducted in all cases. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to almost all of the patients. There was no recurrence or metastasis.

Conclusions
For gastrocolic fistula caused by advanced colon cancer, secure en bloc surgical resection was the initial treatment in all 17 reported cases including the present case, and adjuvant chemotherapy may contribute to a better prognosis.
Leveraging microbiome rediversification for the ecological rescue of soil function
Authors: King William L. , Richards Sarah C. , Kaminsky Laura M. , Bradley Brosi A. , Kaye Jason P. , Bell Terrence H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Global biodiversity losses threaten ecosystem services and can impact important functional insurance in a changing world. Microbial diversity and function can become depleted in agricultural systems and attempts to rediversify agricultural soils rely on either targeted microbial introductions or retaining natural lands as biodiversity reservoirs. As many soil functions are provided by a combination of microbial taxa, rather than outsized impacts by single taxa, such functions may benefit more from diverse microbiome additions than additions of individual commercial strains. In this study, we measured the impact of soil microbial diversity loss and rediversification (i.e. rescue) on nitrification by quantifying ammonium and nitrate pools. We manipulated microbial assemblages in two distinct soil types, an agricultural and a forest soil, with a dilution-to-extinction approach and performed a microbiome rediversification experiment by re-introducing microorganisms lost from the dilution. A microbiome water control was included to act as a reference point. We assessed disruption and potential restoration of (1) nitrification, (2) bacterial and fungal composition through 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS amplicon sequencing and (3) functional genes through shotgun metagenomic sequencing on a subset of samples.

Results
Disruption of nitrification corresponded with diversity loss, but nitrification was successfully rescued in the rediversification experiment when high diversity inocula were introduced. Bacterial composition clustered into groups based on high and low diversity inocula. Metagenomic data showed that genes responsible for the conversion of nitrite to nitrate and taxa associated with nitrogen metabolism were absent in the low diversity inocula microcosms but were rescued with high diversity introductions.

Conclusions
In contrast to some previous work, our data suggest that soil functions can be rescued by diverse microbiome additions, but that the concentration of the microbial inoculum is important. By understanding how microbial rediversification impacts soil microbiome performance, we can further our toolkit for microbial management in human-controlled systems in order to restore depleted microbial functions.
Colostrum avoidance practice and associated factors among mothers of infants less than six months in Chencha District: cross-sectional study
Authors: Asaro TekleBuche , Gutema Befikadu Tariku , Weldehawaryat Haymanot Nigussie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Colostrum avoidance is failure to feed first breast milk to a newborn baby for the first 2 to 3 days after delivery. The problem of avoiding colostrum is prevalent in Ethiopia. But it is not adequately addressed yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess prevalence of colostrum avoidance practices and associated factors among mothers of infants aged less than six months; and to explore barriers for colostrum feeding in ChenchaZuria District.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study supplemented with a qualitative study was conducted in August 2020. The quantitative data were collected from 674 mothers selected by systematic sampling using a structured questionnaire. Both bi-variable and multi-variable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the colostrum avoidance practices. The statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. The qualitative data were collected using in-depth interviews from breastfeeding mothers and thematic analysis was done manually.

Result
The prevalence of the colostrum avoidance practice was 15.3% (95% CI: 11.4%- 18.2%). Late initiation of breastfeeding (AOR 4.15 95% CI 2.51–6.84), giving pre-lacteal feeding (AOR 3.16 95% CI 1.93–5.15), not using of postnatal care (PNC) service (AOR 1.79 95% CI 1.05–3.04), and having poor maternal knowledge regarding colostrum. (AOR 1.88 95% CI 1.14–3.08) were factors significantly associated with the colostrum avoidance practices. And in the qualitative part, cultural beliefs and misconceptions, community influence, and complementary feeding practices were found to be facilitators for the colostrum avoidance.

Conclusion
About one in seven mothers practiced colostrum avoidance. Factors that contributed to the colostrum avoidance practices were breastfeeding initiation, pre-lacteal feeding, PNC utilization, and maternal knowledge regarding colostrum. Thus, efforts to prevent colostrum avoidance practices should focus on strengthening and promoting PNC services utilization, timely initiation of breastfeeding, and improving awareness creation activities on the importance of colostrum feeding and risks of pre-lacteal feeding.
Total mandible and bilateral TMJ reconstruction combining a customized jaw implant with a free fibular flap: a case report and literature review
Authors: Govoni Flavio Andrea , Felici Nicola , Ornelli Matteo , Marcelli Vincenzo Antonio , Migliano Emilia , Pesucci Bruno Andrea , Pistilli Roberto 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

The need for whole mandibular bone reconstruction and bilateral joint replacement is fortunately rare, but it is an extremely challenging topic in maxillofacial surgery, due to its functional implications. CAD-CAM techniques development has opened new broad horizons in the surgical planning of complex maxillofacial reconstructions, in terms of accuracy, predictability, and functional cosmetic results. The review of the literature has revealed a small number of scientific reports on total mandibulectomy including the condyles, with only eleven cases from 1980. Most of the works describe reconstructions secondary to dysplastic or inflammatory diseases affecting the lower jaw. The aim of this work, reporting a rare case of massive fibrous dysplasia of the whole mandible, is to share our experience in the management of extended mandibular and bilateral joint reconstruction, using porous titanium patient-specific implants.

Case presentation
The authors present a 20-year-old male patient suffering from massive bone fibrous dysplasia of the mandible. The mandibular body and both the rami and the condylar processes had been involved, causing severe functional impairment, tooth loss, and facial deformation. The young patient, after repeated ineffective conservative surgical treatments, has required a biarticular mandibular replacement. Using virtual surgical planning (VSP) software, the authors, in collaboration with medical engineers, have created a custom-made original titanium porous mandibular implant, suspended from a bilateral artificial temporomandibular joint. The mandibular titanium implant body has been specifically designed to support soft tissues and to fix, in the alveolar region, a free fibular bone graft, for delayed dental implant prosthetic rehabilitation.

Conclusion
The surgical and technical details, as well as the new trends in mandibular reconstructions using porous titanium implants, are reported, and discussed, reviewing literature reports on this topic. Satisfactory functional and cosmetic restorative results have been obtained, and no major complications have occurred. The patient, currently in the 18th month clinical and radiological follow-up, has recently completed the functional restoration program by an implant-supported full-arch dental prosthesis.
Patient similarity and other artificial intelligence machine learning algorithms in clinical decision aid for shared decision-making in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Toxicity (PACT): a feasibility trial design
Authors: Brown Sherry-Ann , Chung Brian Y. , Doshi Krishna , Hamid Abdulaziz , Pederson Erin , Maddula Ragasnehith , Hanna Allen , Choudhuri Indrajit , Sparapani Rodney , Bagheri Mohamadi Pour Mehri , Zhang Jun , Kothari Anai N. , Collier Patrick , Caraballo Pedro , Noseworthy Peter , Arruda-Olson Adelaide ,   for the Cardio-Oncology Artificial Intelligence Informatics and Precision Equity (CAIPE) Research Team Investigators
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The many improvements in cancer therapies have led to an increased number of survivors, which comes with a greater risk of consequent/subsequent cardiovascular disease. Identifying effective management strategies that can mitigate this risk of cardiovascular complications is vital. Therefore, developing computer-driven and personalized clinical decision aid interventions that can provide early detection of patients at risk, stratify that risk, and recommend specific cardio-oncology management guidelines and expert consensus recommendations is critically important.

Objectives
To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of the use of an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered clinical decision aid tool in shared decision making between the cancer survivor patient and the cardiologist regarding prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Design
This is a single-center, double-arm, open-label, randomized interventional feasibility study. Our cardio-oncology cohort of > 4000 individuals from our Clinical Research Data Warehouse will be queried to identify at least 200 adult cancer survivors who meet the eligibility criteria. Study participants will be randomized into either the Clinical Decision Aid Group (where patients will use the clinical decision aid in addition to current practice) or the Control Group (current practice). The primary endpoint of this study is to assess for each patient encounter whether cardiovascular medications and imaging pursued were consistent with current medical society recommendations. Additionally, the perceptions of using the clinical decision tool will be evaluated based on patient and physician feedback through surveys and focus groups.

Summary
This trial will determine whether a clinical decision aid tool improves cancer survivors’ medication use and imaging surveillance recommendations aligned with current medical guidelines.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.Gov Identifier: NCT05377320
18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT for staging intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer patients before radical prostatectomy: a pilot study
Authors: Vierasu Irina , Van Simaeys Gaetan , Trotta Nicola , Lacroix Simon , Bormans Guy , Albisinni Simone , Quackels Thierry , Roumeguère Thierry , Goldman Serge 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using radiotracers that bind to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is mainly used in biochemical recurring prostate cancer. The aim of our study was to assess the usefulness of 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT for local and nodal staging in patients with intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) prior to radical prostatectomy, as compared to conventional imaging techniques.

Methods
We enrolled a total of 10 patients with intermediate- and high-risk PCa diagnosed by multiparametric-MRI followed by systematic and targeted biopsies, eligible for radical prostatectomy with extended lymph node dissection. Clinical team was blind to the results of the pre-surgery 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT at times of clinical decision and surgery. One month post-surgery, 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT was repeated and the results of both scans were unblinded. A third 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT could be acquired at a later time point depending on PSA progression.

Results
All pre-surgery 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT was positive in the prostatic region, while MRI was negative in the prostate in one patient. We also detected positive pelvic lymph nodes in two patients (one high-risk, one intermediate-risk PCa) on pre-surgery and post-surgery 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT. No positive pelvic lymph nodes were reported on pre-surgical CT and MRI. 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT detected bladder involvement in one patient and seminal vesicles involvement in two patients; this malignant extension was undetected by the conventional imaging techniques. SUVmax in prostate lesions had an average value of 11.51 (range 6.90–21.49). SUVmean in prostate lesions had an average value of 7.59 (range 5.26–14.02).

Conclusion
This pilot study indicates that pre-surgery 18F-JK-PSMA-7 PET/CT provides valuable information in intermediate- and high-risk PCa, for surgery planning with curative intent.
Effect of soil solarization on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) growth and impact on native microbial diversity of farm soil in Nigeria
Authors: Omotayo Olumide Ekundayo , Eegunranti Adebisi Mary 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Tomato plant leaves can be wilted by the presence of various species of soil-residing bacteria, especially Ralstonia solanacearum. Soil solarization has proven to be an environment-friendly method for disease management in various crops. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate solarization as an effective and non-chemical way to control R. solanacearum population in farm soil cultivated with tomato plants. The tomato variety UC 82 was raised on a nursery bedding for 3 weeks, after which four solarization-based treatments were applied to the field plots where tomato plants were cultivated subsequently. Agronomic, pathological, and soil temperature data were recorded from the soil samples, while isolation, Gram staining, morphological, biochemical, and physicochemical analyses were carried out on the same soil samples.

Results
The bacterial species identified from the pre-experiment soil included Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens, and Proteus mirabilis, while for the post-experiment were Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, Salmonella sp., and Citrobacter diversus. Occurrences of bacteria and fungi populations in solarized soils were R. solanacearum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium, Rhizopus spp., Actinomycetes, and yeast.

Conclusions
The results obtained showed that solarization reduced the native soil microbial populations since the solarized soils had a lower occurrence of bacteria and fungi than the non-solarized soils. Thus, the present study suggests that solarization is effective in reducing the pathogenic bacteria population on farm soils.
Clinical profile and outcome of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 infection: a single-center observational study from South India
Authors: Sai Brundavanam Venkata Krishna , Kumar Hema , Arun Babu Thirunavukkarasu , Chaitra Raghuvamsi , Satapathy Diptirekha , Kalidoss Vinoth Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a post-infectious sequelae of acute COVID-19 infection affecting children. This study was done over a period of 12 months from December 2020 to November 2021 to describe the clinical presentation, laboratory abnormalities, and outcome of children with MIS-C.

Methods
Seventy-eight children below 12 years of age who satisfied the WHO diagnostic criteria for MIS-C were included in the study. Clinical parameters were recorded at admission. Relevant laboratory investigations, radiological studies, and outcome were documented.

Results
The most commonly affected age group was 6–12 years with a female predominance. COVID RTPCR was negative in all patients. Most cases presented 2–6 weeks after the onset of acute COVID-19 infection. Lethargy, poor feeding, vomiting, abdominal pain, loose stools, cough, and cold are common symptoms of MIS-C syndrome in children and the common signs were rash, conjunctival congestion, hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypoxemia. Gastrointestinal system was the commonly affected followed by the hepatic, renal, and cardiovascular systems. Coronary artery abnormalities were seen in 20% of cases. IVIg was the mainstay of therapy used in 95% of patients. Mortality was 1.3%. Cases responded well to IVIg and steroids.

Conclusion
Overall, the short-term outcome was favorable with low mortality in our study cohort. One-fifth of children had coronary artery abnormalities during acute phase underscoring the need for long-term follow-up.
Olfactory disorders in COVID-19 patients as a prognostic factor: a systematic review
Authors: Hashemian Farnaz , Rezazadeh Mona , Irani Amin Doosti , Moradi Leila 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe reduction, loss, or impaired sense of smell and taste is common in patients with COVID-19. We aimed to investigate olfactory disorders (ODs) in patients with COVID-19 as a prognostic factor.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, studies that assessed ODs in patients with COVID-19 were included. International databases, including PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus, were searched up to 20 March 2021. The random-effects model was used to combine the results of studies. Results were reported with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsIn this study, out of 724 references, ten studies had the inclusion criteria. The odds of death in patients with the OD were 69% lower than in those without the ODs (OR= 0.31, 95%CI: 0.14, 0.69), and OD increased the odds of positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test (OR= 13.34, 95%CI: 4.2, 42.37).ConclusionsThe findings of our study showed that OD had an inverse and significant relationship with death in COVID-19 patients, and the patients with OD seemed to have a lower risk of mortality.
Olfactory and taste dysfunction in COVID-19-incidence and recovery
Authors: Singhal Surinder K. , Gupta Nitin , Verma Ravneet R. , Sharma Jyotika , Sah Monali , Jain Shivani , Kashyap Diksha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Olfactory and taste dysfunctions have been identified as prominent signs of COVID-19 infection. The data on its prevalence, time of onset, and recovery is highly variable.

Objective
The study was aimed at establishing the incidence of and the factors influencing smell and taste disorders in COVID-19-affected patients.

Methodology
Telephonic interviews were used to collect data on the symptoms of COVID-19-positive patients, with an emphasis on smell and taste disorders. Patients have severe disease and a history of illnesses that may affect olfaction or taste, and those unwilling to participate were excluded.

Results
A total of 1488 COVID-19-positive patients were identified. A total of 772 were included and interviewed, and their data were analysed. A total of 242 (31.3%) patients developed symptoms related to smell and/or taste. Anosmia (149) and ageusia (152) were the most common. Younger patients were more commonly affected (p = 0.0016). The presence and degree of smell symptoms and taste symptoms showed a small positive correlation (r = .234, p < .001). A strong relationship was seen with fever (r = .825, p < .001) and a significantly moderate relationship with breathing difficulty. There was no significant difference based on age or sex for the recovery of smell or taste sensations. There was a significant correlation between taste recovery and smell recovery times (p < 0.00001).

Conclusion
Smell and taste disorders, as early clinical symptoms of COVID-19, may have a diagnostic as well as a prognostic value. Treatment protocols for these patients are yet to be defined. A positive association between these symptoms and breathing difficulty was found, and we recommend COVID-19 testing and monitoring of symptoms for all patients with new-onset OTD symptoms. A combination of active enquiry about these symptoms, along with objective testing when the patients present with COVID-19 symptoms may help in better understanding of the pathophysiology and timely initiation of treatment.