bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mouse model of chronic asthma: Airway remodelling and disease exacerbation by somatic antigen of Echinococcus granulosus
Authors: Ghabdian Sara , Parandeh Shirvan Sima , Maleki Mohsen , Borji Hassan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is now sufficient evidence to support an inverse association between helminth infection and secreted products with allergic/autoimmune disorders. Accordingly, several experimental studies have shown that Echinococcus granulosus infection and hydatid cyst compounds are able to suppress immune responses in allergic airway inflammation. This is the first study on effects of somatic antigens of E. granulosus on chronic allergic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice. Mice in OVA group were intraperitoneally (IP) sensitized with OVA/Alum. Subsequently, were challenged by nebulizing of OVA 1%. The treatment groups received somatic antigens of protoscoleces on the specified days. Mice in PBS group were received PBS in both sensitization and challenge. The effects of somatic products on development of chronic allergic airway inflammation were evaluated by examining histopathological changes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage, cytokines production in the homogenized lung tissue, and total antioxidant capacity in serum. Our findings show that the co‐administration of somatic antigens of protoscoleces simultaneously with the development of asthma intensifies allergic airway inflammation. The identification of effective components involved in exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation manifestations will be a crucial approach to understanding the mechanism of these interactions.
The evolution of systematic evidence reviews: Past and future developments and their implications for policy analysis
Authors: Lemire Sebastian , Peck Laura R. , Porowski Allan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEvidence reviews are widely used to summarize findings from existing studies and, as such, are an important base for policy analysis. Over the past 50 years, three waves of evidence reviews have emerged: (1) the meta‐analysis wave, (2) the mixed‐methods synthesis wave, and (3) the core components wave. The present article first describes these waves and reflects on the benefits and limitations of each wave in the context of policy analysis. Informed by this historical account, the article then identifies and discusses three trends that are likely to influence future directions of evidence reviews: (1) using data science tools, (2) embedding an equity focus, and (3) translating research into practice. The concluding discussion connects these developments to public policy, identifying how evidence from systematic evidence reviews informs—or could better inform—policy decisions.Related ArticlesNunes Silva, Carlos. 2012. “Policy and Evidence in a Partisan Age: The Great Disconnect—By Paul Gary Wyckoff.” Politics & Policy 40(3): 541–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00363.x.Sinclair, Thomas A. P. 2006. “Previewing Policy Sciences: Multiple Lenses and Segmented Visions.” Politics & Policy 34(3): 481–504. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2006.00025.x.Smith‐Walter, Aaron, Holly L. Peterson, Michael D. Jones, and Ashley Nicole Reynolds Marshall. 2016. “Gun Stories: How Evidence Shapes Firearm Policy in the United States.” Politics & Policy 44(6): 1053–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12187.
The sex determination gene of Populus deltoides, PdFERR, interacts with ERF96 to promote the development of female flower organs
Authors: Lu Jing , Yang Yonghua , Yin Tongming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe female‐specifically expressed response regulator (PdFERR) gene in Populus deltoides, a sex determination gene (an orthologous gene of ARR17 in Populus tremula), was found to promote femaleness in heterologous expression lines of Arabidopsis. None of the genes in the Arabidopsis genome seem to be orthologous to PdFERR. Although originating from two evolutionarily distant plants, the dioecious poplar FERR might promote femaleness in the hermaphroditic Arabidopsis through an evolutionary consistent regulatory pathway. However, there is no molecular evidence to support this viewpoint. In this study, to identify the shared downstream orthologous gene of PdFERR, we used yeast two‐hybrid assay to screen potential interactors of PdFERR in Arabidopsis. We identified the ethylene response factor 96 (AtERF96) and confirmed the interaction via in vivo and in vitro assays. The ERF96 orthologous gene in P. deltoides was also experimentally confirmed to interact with PdFERR. PdFERR could then promote femaleness in poplar or Arabidopsis through interactions with ERF96, which provide a new perspective for understanding the PdFERR gene regulating sex differentiation.
USP8 mitigates cognitive dysfunction of mice with sepsis‐associated encephalopathy
Authors: Zhang Leshi , Liu Jiangzheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSepsis‐associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a serious complication of sepsis which results from neuroinflammation and could lead to cognitive dysfunction. Ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 8 (USP8) is involved in cognitive dysfunction. This study investigated the mechanism by which USP8 plays a role in cognitive dysfunction of SAE mice.MethodsThe SAE models were established by performing cecal ligation and puncture in the mice. Subsequently, a series of tests and procedures were conducted to assess the cognitive dysfunction and pathological impairment of mice, including the Morris water maze test, Y‐maze test, open field test, tail suspension test, fear conditioning test, and haematoxylin–eosin staining. The levels of USP8 and Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in brain tissues of mice were detected. In order to determine the effects of USP8 or YY1 on cognitive function, SAE mice were injected with an adenovirus‐packaged vector that had overexpressed levels of USP8 or YY1 short hairpin RNA. The binding of USP8 to YY1 and the ubiquitination level of YY1 were analyzed using immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination experiments. Lastly, chromatin immunoprecipitation was carried out to analyze enrichment of YY1 on the USP8 promoter.ResultsIn SAE models, USP8 and YY1 were downregulated and cognitive functions were impaired. USP8 overexpression upregulated YY1 and attenuated the brain histopathological damage and cognitive dysfunction in SAE mice. USP8 upregulated YY1 protein level through deubiquitination, while YY1 was enriched on the USP8 promoter and activated USP8 transcription. The effects of USP8 overexpression on SAE mice was reversed secondary to YY1 silencing.ConclusionUSP8 upregulated YY1 protein level through deubiquitination and YY1 activated USP8 transcription, and USP8‐YY1 feedback loop attenuated cognitive dysfunction in SAE mice, which could potentially serve as a novel theoretical foundation for the management of SAE.
A comparison of dyeing efficacy between hair‐oxidation‐based and hair‐coating‐based shampoos for the treatment of gray hair
Authors: Jang You Na , Seok Joon , Park A Yeon , Lee Woo Geon , Lee Jung Min , Kim Yu Jin , Kim Su Young , Yoo Kwang Ho , Lee Jung Ok , Kim Beom Joon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe process of hair dyeing causes hair damage, and periodic re‐dyeing is required for newly grown hair. To avoid these hassles, hair color shampoos have been developed and are widely used. In this study, we compared the effects of two hair color shampoos with different dyeing principles to analyze the function of hair color shampoos. We analyzed hair tresses treated by hair‐oxidation‐ and hair‐coating‐based shampoos.Materials and methodsWe measured the color, tensile properties, softness, elasticity, gloss, moisture content, and protein content of the hair tresses dyed with color shampoos. The hair structures were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM) and a hydroxy radical‐based method.ResultsThe shampoo based on hair coating enhanced the hair dyeing effect and roughness, whereas that based on hair oxidation improved the color retention and moisture content in the hair tresses. Frictional resistance, gloss, and elasticity of the hair tresses were similar for the two products. However, according to the results of the protein loss test, TEM, and hydroxyl radical staining, the shampoo based on hair oxidation showed a longer dyeing retention compared to that based on hair coating but caused cuticle damage.ConclusionThese results show that the two shampoos with different dyeing principles exhibit different hair dyeing abilities and hair health indices. Therefore, we recommend that hair color shampoos should be used according to the requirements of an individual.
Role of VivaScope 2500 ex vivo confocal microscopy in skin pathology: Advantages, limitations, and future prospects
Authors: Razi Shazli , Ouellette Samantha , Khan Samavia , Oh Kei Shing , Truong Thu M. , Rao Babar K. 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundVivascope 2500 ex vivo confocal microscopy (EVCM) is an emerging optical imaging device that allows nuclear level resolution of freshly excised tissues. EVCM provides, rapid real‐time pathological examination in many subspecialties of pathology including skin, prostate, breast, liver, etc. In contrast to traditional time‐consuming frozen sectioning and histological analysis.AimsTo evaluate the current state of EVCM utilization.Materials and MethodsThis study highlights the advantages, limitations, and prospects of EVCM in skin pathology.ResultsOur findings demonstrate that EVCM is a promising adjunctive tool to assess margins in Mohs surgery and to provide rapid, accurate diagnosis of cutaneous tumors, infectious and inflammatory diseases.ConclusionEVCM is a revolutionary device that can be used as an adjunct to paraffin‐fixed, hematoxylin and eosin‐stained slides and frozen sectioning. Additional refinements are required before EVCM can be used as an alternative to frozen sectioning or traditional tissue processing.
Sediment provenance signal of the discontinuous retroarc topography in the northern Andes during the Early Cretaceous
Authors: León Santiago , Jiménez‐Rodríguez Sebastián , Piraquive Alejandro , Florez‐Amaya Sandra , Muñoz‐Rocha Jimmy , Peña‐Urueña Mary Luz , Bonilla Amed , Lince Ingrid Facio , Contreras‐Fayad David , Jiménez Carolina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA large dataset of detrital zircon U–Pb ages (N = 5940) of Aptian‐Albian strata of the Colombian‐Ecuadorian retroarc region suggests that these rocks were sourced from Proterozoic cratonic and Permian–Triassic to Cretaceous rocks of the Andean proto‐Cordilleras. The nonconformity between Aptian‐Albian strata and Proterozoic rocks of the Garzón Massif indicates the existence of positive relief in this region. Topographic highs could have caused local basin compartmentalization and the prevalence of a localized provenance of coeval strata. Areas of positive relief were seemingly exposed to intense chemical weathering as suggested by the high Chemical Index of Alteration values, and low Rb/Sr and SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of analysed strata. Our results highlight the value of provenance analysis to study the ancient topography of retroarc systems and open the avenue for further research on the role of extensional tectonics in the topographic and basin evolution in the Andes.
Values of the F‐pure threshold for homogeneous polynomials
Authors: Smith Karen E. , Vraciu Adela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe find a formula, in terms of , and , for the value of the ‐pure threshold for the generic homogeneous polynomial of degree in variables over an algebraically closed field of characteristic . We also show that in every characteristic and for all not divisible by , there always exist reduced polynomials of degree in whose ‐pure threshold is a truncation of the base expansion of at some place; in particular, there always exist reduced polynomials whose ‐pure threshold is strictly less than . We provide an example to resolve, negatively, a question proposed by Hernandez, Núñez‐Betancourt, Witt, and Zhang, as to whether a list of necessary restrictions they prove on the ‐pure threshold of reduced forms are “minimal” for . On the other hand, we also provide evidence supporting and refining their ideas, including identifying specific truncations of the base expansion of that are always ‐pure thresholds for reduced forms of degree , and computations that show their conditions suffice (in every characteristic) for degrees up to eight and several other situations.
On polynomials with only rational roots
Authors: Hajdu Lajos , Tijdeman Robert , Varga Nóra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study upper bounds for the degrees of polynomials with only rational roots. First, we assume that the coefficients are bounded. In the second theorem, we suppose that the primes 2 and 3 do not divide any coefficient. The third theorem concerns the case that all coefficients are composed of primes from a fixed finite set.
Where are all the veterans? A mixed methods assessment of a systematic strategy to increase veteran registration in UK primary healthcare practices
Authors: Finnegan Alan , Randles Rebecca 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo identify effective initiatives to increase veteran registration in UK primary healthcare (PHC) practices.DesignA structured and systematic strategy was designed to improve the number of military veterans correctly coded within PHC. A mixed methods approach was adopted to evaluate the impact. PHC staff provided anonymised patient medical record data that used Read and Systematised Nomenclature of Medicine - Clinical Terms codes to identify the number of veterans within each PHC practice. This included baseline data, then scheduled further information after two phases of internal advertisement and two phases of external advertisement of different initiatives intended to raise veteran registration. Qualitative data was acquired through post-project interviews with PHC staff to ascertain the effectiveness, benefits, problems and means for improvement. A modified Grounded theory was used for the 12 staff interviews.Setting and participantsTwelve PHC practices in Cheshire, England, participated in this research study with a combined total of 138 098 patients. Data was collected between 01 September 2020 until 28 February 2021.ResultsOverall, veteran registration increased by 218.1% (N=1311). Estimated coverage of veterans increased from a coverage of 9.3% to a coverage of 29.5%. There was an increased population coverage ranging from 5.0% to 54.1%. The staff interviews revealed improved staff commitment and their taking ownership of the responsibility to improve veteran registration. The primary challenge was the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular the significantly reduced footfall and the communication opportunities and interface with patients.ConclusionsManaging an advertising campaign and improving veteran registration during a pandemic caused huge problems, but it also presented opportunities. Enabling a significant increase in PHC registration during the harshest and most testing conditions indicates that the accomplished achievements have substantial merit for wider adoption and impact.
Prevalence of teenage pregnancy and associated factors among preparatory and high school students in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kumma Wondimagegn Paulos , Chaka Feben Girma , Daga Wakgari Binu , Alemayehu Mihiretu Arba , Meskele Mengistu , Wolka Eskinder 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of teenage pregnancy and associated factors among teenage schoolgirls aged 15–19 years in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingThis study was conducted among teenage girls from preparatory and high schools in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia, between 1 April and 30 May 2019.Participants588 (97.8%) of 601 randomly selected teenage schoolgirls aged 15–19 years (selected via a multistage random sampling technique) participated in the study.Outcome measuresTeenage pregnancy and associated factors.ResultsThe prevalence of teenage pregnancy among schoolgirls in Wolaita Sodo town was 14.6% (95% CI 11.9% to 17.7%). The current pregnancy rate was 33.7% (95% CI 23.9% to 44.7%). Having a family history of teenage pregnancy (AOR 3.3; 95% CI 1.3 to 8.4) and access to mass media (AOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.1 to 6.2) were positively associated with teenage pregnancy, while condom use (AOR 0.1; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.5) and knowledge of where to get modern contraceptives (AOR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.9) were negatively associated.ConclusionsThe prevalence of teenage pregnancy among schoolgirls in Wolaita Sodo was high. Having a family history of teenage pregnancy and access to mass media were positively associated with teenage pregnancy, whereas reported condom use and knowledge of where to get modern contraceptives were negatively associated with teenage pregnancy among schoolgirls.
Interventions to support parents and carers of young people with mental health difficulties: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Martin Faith , Dahmash Dania , Tsang Anthony , Glover Sarah , Duncan Charlie , Halligan Sarah L 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionGlobally, 8%–14% of children and young people (CYP) have a diagnosable mental health condition, many of whom receive no formal interventions. Parents/carers of CYP experience stress and distress owing to the mental health difficulties encountered by their CYP due to the lack of resources and support. Currently, little is known about (1) the content of interventions developed to support parents/carers nor (2) how effective interventions are at improving parents’/carers’ well-being. The planned review aims to address these two gaps.Method and analysisA systematic review will be conducted to identify any study that describes an intervention aiming at least in part to support parents/carers with the impact of CYP (5–18 years) mental health difficulties, and to review any randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of these interventions. The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane Library CENTRAL, without any limitations applied. Analysis of the content of interventions will be structured using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist as a framework. The effect of any RCTs on parents’/carers’ outcomes (including well-being, satisfaction with parenting, mental health) will be extracted and assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool. Data will be synthesised narratively, with meta-analysis of RCT results, if appropriate.Ethical consideration and disseminationThe protocol is approved by Coventry University Ethical Committee (reference number: P139611). Results will be shared in academic publications and in accessible formats using social media and public webinars.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022344453.
Lake trout reflex impairment and physiological status following ice-angling
Authors: Howell Bradley E. , Navarroli Giulio , Mullen Eric J. , Cooke Steven J. , Hasler Caleb T. 
Published: June 2023

We examined behaviour and physiology of lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush) following ice-angling. Fish were ice-angled and placed in a water-filled tub for 0.5, 4, and 6 h to recover ( n = 19). Reflex impairment and physiological status were assessed repeatedly for every individual. Longer fight times lead to higher lactate and glucose, and lower extracellular pH 0.5 h post-angling. Loss of orientation was the most common reflex impairment (84% of fish) 4 h post-angling. Mortality (36.8%) was observed during the study; however, variation in handling, barotrauma, and issues with sampling may have confounded angling effects. To determine if barotrauma impacted impairment and mortality, lake trout at a later sampling date ( n = 29) were exposed to air for either 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, or 420 s before assessment (3.4% mortality). For fish air-exposed for 300 s or more, 14% lost orientation during immediate assessment. Bloating occurred in 20% of fish air-exposed for 60 s. An air exposure duration of 420 s significantly impaired reflexes. Recreationally caught lake trout show behavioural and physiological impairment with such impairments magnified by extended air exposure.
Correlation between dehydrin-like proteins and cold hardiness of grapevine
Authors: Hébert-Haché Andréanne , Willwerth James J. , Kemp Belinda , Inglis Debra L. 
Published: June 2023

Winter survival of Vitis vinifera Linnaeus in cool climate viticultural areas can be jeopardized due to inadequate cold hardiness. Dehydrins are a family of proteins commonly found in plant tissue in response to dehydration stress and cold exposure. To determine their presence and relationship to cold hardiness in overwintering grapevines, compound buds of V. vinifera cv. Sauvignon blanc were sampled from a commercial vineyard every 2–3 weeks throughout the 2016–2017 winter. Proteins were extracted and separated by SDS–PAGE, and potential dehydrins were immunoblotted with a commercial antibody raised against the dehydrin K-segment consensus sequence. Six protein bands were identified in four Sauvignon blanc clones at 23, 26, 35, 41, 48, and 90 kDa, showing a serological relation to dehydrins due to their reaction with the K-segment antibody. The bands at 23, 41, 48, and 90 kDa were confirmed as dehydrins following trypsin digestion and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry with Mascot analysis. Their fluctuations throughout the dormant season were quantified by immunoblotting, and three patterns emerged, the 23, 26, and 35 kDa proteins peaked immediately prior to deacclimation; the 41 and 48 kDa proteins peaked during maximum hardiness and decreased towards deacclimation, while the 90 kDa plateaued during the same period. Maximum hardiness and relative dehydrin band intensity were positively correlated ( p < 0.050) for all but the 23 kDa protein. The variation in accumulation patterns and relationships to cold hardiness indicates that these dehydrin proteins are likely regulated by different molecular processes and could play different roles in cryoprotection throughout dormancy.
Tri-bimaximal-Cabibbo mixing: flavour violations in the charged lepton sector
Authors: Arun Mathew Thomas , Madathil Anirudhan A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe well understood structure of $$U_{pmns}$$

U

pmns

matrix mandates a Cabibbo mixing matrix in the first two generations of the charged lepton sector if we assume Tri-bimaximal mixing in the neutrino sector. This ansatz, called Tri-bimaximal-Cabibbo mixing, is ruled out immediately by the experiments searching for charged lepton flavour violating currents. In this article, we aim to show that the resurrection of the theoretically well motivated Tri-bimaximal mixing scenario comes naturally within Minimal Flavour Violation hypothesis in the lepton sector. We analyse the flavour violating currents $$\mu \rightarrow e e e$$

μ
→
e
e
e

, $$\mu Ti \rightarrow e Ti$$

μ
T
i
→
e
T
i

, $$\mu \rightarrow e \gamma $$

μ
→
e
γ

, $$\pi ^0\rightarrow e^+ \mu ^{-}$$

π
0

→

e
+

μ
-

and $$K_L \rightarrow \mu ^+ e^-$$

K
L

→

μ
+

e
-

in this scenario and show that the New Physics that generates mixing among the charged lepton could lie within the reach of hadron colliders. In the minimal field content scenario, though the most stringent constrain on New Physics is $$\gtrsim {\mathcal {O}}(10$$

≳
O
(
10

TeV) for maximal coupling, considering more natural couplings relaxes it to $$\gtrsim {\mathcal {O}}(4$$

≳
O
(
4

TeV). On the other hand, New Physics with the extended field content is even more strongly constrained to $$\gtrsim {\mathcal {O}}(75$$

≳
O
(
75

TeV) for maximal coupling, while it gets relaxed to $$\gtrsim {\mathcal {O}}(31$$

≳
O
(
31

TeV) for natural scenario.