bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthetic biology in multicellular organisms: Opportunities in nematodes
Authors: Kukhtar Dmytro , Fussenegger Martin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSynthetic biology has mainly focused on introducing new or altered functionality in single cell systems: primarily bacteria, yeast, or mammalian cells. Here, we describe the extension of synthetic biology to nematodes, in particular the well‐studied model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, as a convenient platform for developing applications in a multicellular setting. We review transgenesis techniques for nematodes, as well as the application of synthetic biology principles to construct nematode gene switches and genetic devices to control motility. Finally, we discuss potential applications of engineered nematodes.
Excited‐State Proton Transfer in Luminescent Dyes: From Theoretical Insight to Experimental Evidence
Authors: Fontes Luís F. B. , Rocha João , Silva Artur M. S. , Guieu Samuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe effective utilization of luminescent dyes often relies on a comprehensive understanding of their excitation and relaxation pathways. One such pathway, Excited‐State Proton Transfer (ESPT), involves the tautomerization of the dye in its excited state, resulting in a new structure that exhibits distinct emission properties, such as a very large Stokes′ shift or dual‐emission. Although the ESPT phenomenon is well‐explained theoretically, its experimental demonstration can be challenging due to the presence of numerous other phenomena that can yield similar experimental observations. In this review, we propose that an all‐encompassing methodology, integrating experimental findings, computational analyses, and a thorough evaluation of diverse mechanisms, is essential for verifying the occurrence of ESPT in luminescent dyes. Investigations have offered significant understanding of the elements impacting the ESPT process and the array of approaches that can be used to validate the existence of ESPT. These discoveries hold crucial ramifications for the advancement of molecular probes, sensors, and other applications that depend on ESPT as a detection mechanism.
Pd‐Catalyzed Activation of Carbon–Carbon Bonds in Hydroxymethylfurfural Derivatives
Authors: Ghahramani Fatemeh , Meyer Malte , Unone Shreya , Janssen‐Müller Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed activation of C−C bonds in organic molecules is a powerful tool for the synthesis of value‐added compounds. 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) derivatives are a promising class of biomass‐derived chemicals that have received considerable attention due to their potential applications in the synthesis of biologically active molecules and materials. However, the selective activation of unstrained C−C bonds is a challenging task, mainly due to their relatively high bond dissociation energies. Herein, we report a palladium‐catalyzed method for the efficient C−C bond activation of HMF derivatives, enabling their arylation with iodobenzenes. Mechanistic studies, including reaction‐profile analysis, competition experiments and head‐space IR spectroscopy suggest a decarboxylative mechanism.
Comparative Study on Proton Conductivity and Mechanism Analysis of Two Imidazole Modified Imine‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhang Shuai‐Long , Guo Zhong‐Cheng , Su An‐Ran , Yang Jian , Li Zi‐Feng , Si Yu‐Bing , Li Gang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work elucidates the potential impact of intramolecular H‐bonds within the pore walls of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) on proton conductivity. Employing DaTta and TaTta as representative hosts, it was observed that their innate proton conductivities (σ) are both unsatisfactory and σ(DaTta)<σ(TaTta). Intriguingly, the performance of both imidazole‐loaded products, Im@DaTta and Im@TaTta is greatly improved, and the σ of Im@DaTta (0.91×10−2 S cm−1) even surpasses that of Im@TaTta (3.73×10−3 S cm−1) under 100 °C and 98 % relative humidity. The structural analysis, gas adsorption tests, and activation energy calculations forecast the influence of imidazole on the H‐bonded system within the framework, leading to observed changes in proton conductivity. It is hypothesized that intramolecular H‐bonds within the COF framework impede efficient proton transmission. Nevertheless, the inclusion of an imidazole group disrupts these intramolecular bonds, leading to the formation of an abundance of intermolecular H‐bonds within the pore channels, thus contributing to a dramatic increase in proton conductivity. The related calculation of Density Functional Theory (DFT) provides further evidence for this inference.
Effect of nitrogen application rate and harvesting stage on yield and agronomic parameters of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
Authors: Ekren Sıdıka , Ozturk Gulsum , Gokçol Adem , Ertekin Mustafa , Geren Hakan , Ilker Emre 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is one of the world's oldest and most diversely cultivated plants, but legal constraints and a lack of agronomic rules have curtailed its production. This study aimed to determine the optimum nitrogen (N) application rate and harvesting stage for hemp yield in terms of seed, fiber, and stem. Treatments included (1) five nitrogen application rates (control [N0], 60 kg ha−1 [N60], 120 kg ha−1 [N120], 180 kg ha−1 [N180], and 240 kg ha−1 [N240]) and (2) three harvesting stages: before flowering (HS1), during flowering (HS2), and at the end of flowering (HS3). A 2‐year field experiment was conducted with three replicates. Harvest stages were randomly distributed over N rates in both years. The following agronomic parameters were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter (lower, middle, upper), number of leaves/plant, leaflet width, leaflet length, dry stem yield, fiber yield, and seed yield. The highest stem yield and fiber yield were obtained in the 240 kg ha−1 N treatment, and also the highest fiber (bast) yield and dry stem (hurd fiber) were obtained flowering and at the end of the flowering stages, respectively. When nitrogen application rate was increased from 0 to 240 kg ha−1, plant height, stem, and fiber yields increased by 48%, 65% and 57%, respectively. Agronomic parameters increased significantly (p < 0.01) when the harvesting time was moved from “before flowering” to “at the end of flowering.”
Simultaneous wireless information and power transmission‐based power transfer and energy prediction for efficient communication with golden Taylor sea lion optimization in wireless sensor network
Authors: SureshKumar K. , Vimala P. 
Published: July 2023

SummaryWireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging lower cost and resourceful solution, which enables controlled observation of the environment. The high amount of energy is required in wireless networks during the transmission of data. Here, Golden Ant Lion Whale Optimization (GALWO) and Golden Taylor Sea Lion Optimization (GTSLnO) techniques are presented for cluster head (CH) selection and prediction of neighbor nodes' age. The six stages performed in this work are setup, steady‐state, prediction, power transfer, communication or route discovery, and route maintenance stages. In the setup level, CH selection is carried out by GALWO, which is the combination of Ant Lion Whale Optimization (ALWO) with Golden Search Optimization (GSO). Moreover, ALWO is an integration of Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) with the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). In the steady state, the distance, energy, delay, throughput, and trust update are considered as objective functions. In the prediction stage, the Deep Convolutional Neural Network (Deep CNN) is utilized for age prediction of neighbor nodes, wherein Deep CNN is tuned by employing GTSLnO. The GTSLnO is an incorporation of GSO and Taylor series with Sea Lion Optimization (SLnO). Then, the power transfer stage is done utilizing simultaneous wireless information and power transmission (SWIPT). Thereafter, the communication/route discovery stage is conducted for path selection through neighbor node, and lastly, the route maintenance stage is carried out. The GTSLnO–Deep CNN achieved a minimal delay of 0.089 s, maximal residual energy, throughput, and trust of 0.500 J, 98,843 kbps, and 0.452 for DoS attack.
Biotin‐Conjugated Poly(Acrylic Acid)‐Grafted Ultrasmall Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Tumor Imaging
Authors: Ahmad Mohammad Yaseen , Liu Shuwen , Tegafaw Tirusew , Al Saidi Abdullah Khamis Ali , Zhao Dejun , Liu Ying , Lee Sangyeol , Kim Seungho , Yang So Hyeon , Hwang Dong Wook , Baek Ahrum , Jung Jae Chang , Nam Sung‐Wook , Chae Kwon Seok , Chang Yongmin , Lee Gang Ho 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHerein, biotin (Bio)‐conjugated poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)‐grafted ultrasmall gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (Bio‐PAA‐Gd2O3 NPs) were synthesized for enhanced tumor imaging using Bio as a tumor‐targeting ligand. The average particle diameter of Gd2O3 NPs was 2.1 nm. The Bio‐PAA‐Gd2O3 NPs exhibited excellent colloidal stability (i. e., no precipitation) and a high longitudinal water proton spin relaxivity (r1) of 23.8 s−1 mM−1 (r2/r1=1.6 and r2=transverse water proton spin relaxivity), which was ∼6 times higher than those of commercial Gd‐chelated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Cytotoxicity tests using two cell lines showed that the Bio‐PAA‐Gd2O3 NPs were almost non‐toxic up to the measured concentration of 500 μM Gd. The enhanced tumor imaging of the Bio‐PAA‐Gd2O3 NPs was demonstrated through their higher positive contrasts and longer contrast retention at the tumor after intravenous injection in T1 MR images, compared with those of the control PAA‐Gd2O3 NPs.
Exploring the impact of dopants on ionic conductivity in solid‐state electrolytes: Unveiling insights using machine learning techniques
Authors: Sharma Jayesh , Pareek Arnav , Kumar Kartik , Pareek Kapil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to their high ionic conductivity, lithium lanthanum zirconium oxides (LLZO, Li7La3Zr2O12) of the garnet type are useful in a variety of applications and are good choice for solid state lithium‐ion batteries. The nature of dopants and their stoichiometry significantly impacts ionic conductivity. In this study, to explore the large design space of doped LLZO, we used optimized machine learning techniques based on random sampling screening of the Lazy classifier. Molecular, structural, and electronic descriptors were used to derive features for training the algorithms. The light gradient boosting machine and random forest algorithms exhibited a classification accuracy exceeding 95%. Notably, the relative density of LLZO was identified as the most correlated attribute to doped LLZO ionic conductivity. These findings highlight the potential of data‐driven algorithms in driving innovation and facilitating the development of novel materials.
Qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals of essential oils and extracts of Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata L. as a spice for diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yuca Hafize , Civaş Ayşe , Tekman Enes , Nadiroğlu Rozerin , Karakaş Şeydanur , Dürüster Şeyma , Keçeci Emire Bengisu , Bona Mehmet , Nobarirezaeyeh Mohaddeseh , Aydin Bilge , Öztürk Gözde , Sönmez Hatice Rümeysa , Karakaya Songul , Demirci Betül , Guvenalp Zuhal 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts, n‐hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, aqueous subextracts and essential oils of flowers, roots, leaves and aerial parts of Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata, which has been utilized in the public medicine systems of Turkey, Greece, Egypt and Rome for the treatment of asthma and bronchitis, as well as for flavour and aroma in the food industry and protection. Quantitative determination of secondary metabolites in the most effective samples of the plant was also analysed by LC–MS/MS. Moreover, the chemical composition of essential oils of different parts of the plant was analysed via GC‐FID and GC/MS. The main constituents in the flower, leaf and aerial part were found to be carvacrol (75.6%), γ‐terpinene (10.5%), carvacrol (73.3%), γ‐terpinene (9.5%), p‐cymene (8.6%), carvacrol (76.1.8%) and p‐cymene (7.3%), respectively. Quinic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, naringin, hesperidin and rosmarinic acid were measured in four ethyl acetate subextracts, and rosmarinic acid was found to have the highest amount in the flower subextract with a value of 48095.1083 ng/mL. The ethyl acetate extract of flowers showed the best activity with a 326 ± 12 μg/mL IC50 value, while the standard acarbose IC50 value was 4143 ± 243 μg/mL. It was determined that the leaf ethyl acetate extract, in particular, had a very high % inhibition value on ABTS·+ (99.137 ± 0.011% inhibition) and DPPH• (41.068 ± 0.031% inhibition). It is thought that the plant, which has been used as a spice in the kitchen for centuries by the public, can be safely used due to its high antidiabetic and antioxidant effects.
Exploring the cross‐cancer effect of smoking and its fingerprints in blood DNA methylation on multiple cancers: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhou Yajing , Zhou Xuan , Sun Jing , Wang Lijuan , Zhao Jianhui , Chen Jie , Yuan Shuai , He Yazhou , Timofeeva Maria , Spiliopoulou Athina , Mesa‐Eguiagaray Ines , Farrington Susan M. , Ding Kefeng , Dunlop Malcolm G , Qian Xiao , Theodoratou Evropi , Li Xue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAberrant smoking‐related DNA methylation has been widely investigated as a carcinogenesis mechanism, but whether the cross‐cancer epigenetic pathways exist remains unclear. We conducted two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses respectively on smoking behaviors (age of smoking initiation, smoking initiation, smoking cessation, and lifetime smoking index [LSI]) and smoking‐related DNA methylation to investigate their effect on 15 site‐specific cancers, based on a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of 1.2 million European individuals and an epigenome‐WAS (EWAS) of 5907 blood samples of Europeans for smoking and 15 GWASs of European ancestry for multiple site‐specific cancers. Significantly identified CpG sites were further used for colocalization analysis, and those with cross‐cancer effect were validated by overlapping with tissue‐specific eQTLs. In the genomic MR, smoking measurements of smoking initiation, smoking cessation and LSI were suggested to be casually associated with risk of seven types of site‐specific cancers, among which cancers at lung, cervix and colorectum were provided with strong evidence. In the epigenetic MR, methylation at 75 CpG sites were reported to be significantly associated with increased risks of multiple cancers. Eight out of 75 CpG sites were observed with cross‐cancer effect, among which cg06639488 (EFNA1), cg12101586 (CYP1A1) and cg14142171 (HLA‐L) were validated by eQTLs at specific cancer sites, and cg07932199 (ATXN2) had strong evidence to be associated with cancers of lung (coefficient, 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31‐1.00), colorectum (0.90 [0.61, 1.18]), breast (0.31 [0.20, 0.43]) and endometrium (0.98 [0.68, 1.27]). These findings highlight the potential practices targeting DNA methylation‐involved cross‐cancer pathways.
A case of sequential medical therapy for advanced ureteral cancer in Li–Fraumeni syndrome
Authors: Une Minami , Fujiwara Ryo , Ueki Arisa , Oki Ryosuke , Urasaki Tetsuya , Inamura Kentaro , Takahashi Shunji , Yonese Junji , Yuasa Takeshi 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionLi–Fraumeni syndrome, an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome caused by a pathogenic variant of TP53, a tumor suppressor gene, leads to a high risk from early childhood of developing various types of cancers. Here, we report a case of advanced ureteral cancer in Li–Fraumeni syndrome.Case presentationA 73 years‐old female patient, who had been diagnosed genetically as Li–Fraumeni syndrome; suffered from chondrosarcoma in the left pelvic joint, bilateral breast cancer, endometrial cancer, gastric cancer, and colon cancer in her history. She was diagnosed as unresectable advanced urothelial cancer during continuous magnetic resonance imaging surveillance, underwent avelumab maintenance therapy after the combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy. The efficacies of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy and avelumab maintenance therapy were good.ConclusionWe report an advanced urothelial cancer in a patient with Li–Fraumeni syndrome who demonstrated good efficacies to sequential medical therapy.
Employment reconciliation and nowcasting
Authors: Goto Eiji , Jacobs Jan P.A.M. , Sinclair Tara M. , van Norden Simon 
Published: July 2023

SummaryWe construct a latent employment estimate for the United States, which both reconciles the information from separate payroll and household surveys and incorporates the preliminary data revision process of the payroll data. We find that our reconciled latent employment series looks somewhat different than the initial release of payroll employment and is closer to the fully revised data that is benchmarked to a near census of employment. A real‐time exercise, however, suggests that the reconciled employment estimate is remarkably similar to the initial release of payroll employment with near zero weight on the household survey information.
Genetic and clinical screening for hereditary primary hyperparathyroidism in a large Chinese cohort: a single‐center study
Authors: Song An , Yang Yi , Jiang Yue , Nie Min , Jiang Yan , Li Mei , Xia Weibo , Xing Xiaoping , Wang Ou 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTPrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) includes sporadic PHPT and hereditary PHPT. However, until now, there have been no exact data on the proportion and composition of hereditary PHPT in the Chinese PHPT population. This study aimed to clarify the proportion and composition of hereditary PHPT in patients at a large academic center in Beijing, China, and to analyze genotype–phenotype characteristics. A total of 394 newly diagnosed Han PHPT patients who consented to genetic screening were enrolled. Targeted next‐generation sequencing (T‐NGS) (including for MEN1, RET, CDKN1B, CaSR, HRPT2/CDC73, GNA11, AP2S1, GCM2), combined with MEN1‐multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and CDC73‐MLPA, was used for genetic screening. Diagnosis of hereditary PHPT was based on clinical manifestations, family history, and genetic screening. Thirty‐seven pathogenic (P)/likely pathogenic (LP) variants were detected in 41 patients via T‐NGS, and three patients carried long‐range deletions of MEN1 or CDC73 detected by MLPA, with a variant detection rate of 11.2% (44/394). In total, 30 patients were clinically diagnosed with MEN1. Combined with genetic and clinical screening, the rate of hereditary PHPT in this study was 18.8% (74/394). For purposes of comparison, the rate of unequivocal nonhereditary PHPT was 66.5% (262/394); 14.7% (58/394) did not exhibit the clinical features of hereditary PHPT but carried variants of uncertain clinical significance and so could not be clearly categorized. Both the age at hospital visit (43.6 ± 14.0 versus 53.7 ± 14.9 years) and age at onset (35.4 ± 13.8 versus 50.6 ± 14.8 years) in the hereditary group (n = 74) were significantly lower than those in the nonhereditary group (n = 262). Higher levels of ionized calcium and serum β‐CTX were observed in the hereditary group; proportions of parathyroid hyperplasia and multigland involvement were also higher. In addition to multigland disease and positive family history, it is recommended that patients with an age of onset less than 38 should be screened for hereditary forms. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
“It's like losing a family member”: School counselors’ experience with student suicide
Authors: Haugen Jaimie Stickl , Waalkes Phillip L. , Burgess Melanie , Swindle Paula J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGiven the prevalence of suicide among school‐aged children and youth, school counselors may experience a student death by suicide in their careers. Yet, there is little empirical research exploring the nuances and depth of school counselors’ experiences with student suicide. In this study, the authors employed consensual qualitative research to explore the experience of 12 school counselors who encountered student death by suicide. Three domains emerged consisting of five general, four typical, and four variant categories highlighting school counselors’ experiences learning about the student suicide, the long‐term impact of the student death on school counselors’ personal and professional lives, and their advice for school counselors who experience a student suicide at some point in their careers. Findings have implications for school counseling practice, counselor educators, and future research.
Monoclonal antibody‐based systematic identification of SUMO1‐modification sites reveals TFII‐I SUMOylation is involved in tumor growth
Authors: Chen Yalan , Liu Kexin , Zhang Geqiang , Cheng Jinke , Tu Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSUMOylation plays an essential role in diverse physiological and pathological processes. Identification of wild‐type SUMO1‐modification sites by mass spectrometry is still challenging. In this study, we produced a monoclonal SUMO1C‐K antibody recognizing SUMOylated peptides and proposed an efficient streamline for identification of SUMOylation sites. We identified 471 SUMOylation sites in 325 proteins from five raw data. These identified sites exhibit a high positive rate when evaluated by mutation‐verified SUMOylation sites. We identified many SUMOylated proteins involved in mitochondrial metabolism and non‐membrane‐bounded organelles formation. We proposed a SUMOylation motif, ΨKXD/EP, where proline is required for efficient SUMOylation. We further revealed SUMOylation of TFII‐I was stimulated by growth signals and was required for nucleus‐localization of p‐ERK1/2. Mutation of SUMOylation sites of TFII‐I suppressed tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, we provided a strategy for personalized identification of wild‐type SUMO1‐modification sites and revealed the physiological significance of TFII‐I SUMOylation in this study.
Trade‐offs in nutrient and sediment losses in tile drainage from no‐till versus conventional conservation‐till cropping systems
Authors: Macrae M. L. , Plach J. M. , Carlow R. , Little C. , Jarvie H. P. , McKague K. , Pluer W. T. , Joosse P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNutrient and soil loss from agricultural areas impairs surface water quality globally. In the Great Lakes region, increases in the frequency and magnitude of harmful and nuisance algal blooms in freshwater lakes have been linked to elevated phosphorus (P) losses from agricultural fields, some of which are transported via tile drainage. This study examined whether concentrations and loads of P fractions, total suspended sediments (TSS), nitrate (NO3−), and ammonium (NH4+) in tile drainage in a clay soil differed between a continuous no‐till system combining cover crops and surface broadcast fertilizer (no‐till cover crop [NTCC]), and a more conventional tillage system with shallow tillage, fertilizer incorporation and limited use of cover crops (conventional conservation‐till, CT). Both sites had modest soil fertility levels. Year‐round, high‐frequency observations of tile drainage flow and chemistry are described over 4 full water years and related to management practices on the associated fields. There were similar water yields in tile drainage between the two systems; however, losses of TSS, particulate P (PP), and NO3− were consistently greater from the CT site, which received larger quantities of fertilizer. In contrast, dissolved reactive P (DRP) losses were considerably greater from the NTCC site, offsetting the lower PP losses, such that there was little difference in TP losses between sites. Approximately 60% of the DRP losses from the NTCC site over the 4 years were associated with incidental losses following surface application of fertilizer in fall. This study provides insight into trade‐offs in controlling losses of different nutrient fractions using different management systems.