bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of transesophageal electrophysiological study on midterm management of pediatric tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Manickavasagam Anand , Patloori Sirish Chandra Srinath , Perla Harsa Teja , Chase David , Roshan John 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Transesophageal electrophysiological study (TEEPS) is a minimally invasive procedure that helps in evaluating the risk of recurrence of supraventricular tachycardia based on the inducibility of the tachycardia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic capability, negative predictive value of noninducibility of tachycardia and safety of TEEPS among the Indian pediatric population.

Methods:
It is a retrospective single-center observational study of all patients who underwent TEEPS from January 01, 2014, to December 31, 2020.

Results:
Twenty-two TEEPS procedures were done in eighteen children with three children undergoing more than one procedure. The median duration of follow-up was 42.97 months (8.52–82.12 months). Out of the 22 procedures, four were conducted for acute tachycardia termination, two for tachycardia suppression assessment, and sixteen to assess tachycardia inducibility off medications. Tachycardia was noninducible in nine children and inducible in six children. Two children had clinical recurrence of tachycardia on follow-up. Out of these two children, one had noninducibility of tachycardia on TEEPS. The negative predictive value of TEEPS was 88.89% in this study. None of the children had any postprocedure complication.

Conclusions:
TEEPS is a safe procedure. It is used to assess the efficacy of medication in the suppression of arrhythmia. The noninducibility of tachycardia has a high negative predictive value and is a good indicator of nonrecurrence of clinical tachycardia on midterm follow-up.
Extracardiac conduit as alternative repair for scimitar syndrome
Authors: Bamous Mehdi , Nya Fouad , Aden Amir , Agoumy Zineb , Malki Mohamed , Mouine Najat 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Scimitar syndrome has been repaired by different surgical procedures including intracardiac baffle technique, reimplantation of scimitar vein (SV) to the right atrium or the left atrium (LA). However, several anatomical variations such as short venous collector coursing deeply within the lung hilum with infradiaphragmatic drainage make the repair more challenging with conventional repair techniques. We present an alternative method for repair using a tube graft to connect the SV to the LA.
Electromagnetic interference complicating Impella® use during pediatric ablation
Authors: Sullivan John S. , Maitoza Laura A. , Brysiewicz Neil R. , Hall E. Kevin , Beach Cheyenne M. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
In children, the Impella® is most commonly used in the setting of cardiogenic shock. There are few reported cases of Impella® use in pediatric patients undergoing ablation; description of troubleshooting techniques may improve success rates. We describe a pediatric patient with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy due to incessant ectopic atrial tachycardia whose ablation was notable for significant electromagnetic interference (EMI) from the Impella® leading to incomplete mapping. This case highlights the need for multidisciplinary planning and consideration of possible EMI with the use of magnet-based electroanatomic mapping systems as well as troubleshooting techniques to reduce the impact of EMI.
Cardiorenal syndrome in the pediatric population
Authors: Pradhan Subal Kumar , Adnani Harsha , Safadi Rama , Yerigeri Keval , Nayak Snehamayee , Raina Rupesh , Sinha Rajiv 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The concept of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is derived from the crosstalk between the heart and kidneys in pathological conditions. Despite the rising importance of CRS, there is a paucity of information on the understanding of its pathophysiology and management, increasing both morbidity and mortality for patients. This review summarizes the existing conceptual pathophysiology of different types of CRS and delves into the associated therapeutic modalities with a focus on pediatric cases. Prospective or retrospective observational studies, comparative studies, case reports, case–control, and cross-sectional studies that include pediatric patients with CRS were included in this review. Literature was searched using PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar with keywords including “cardio-renal syndrome, type,” “reno-cardio syndrome,” “children,” “acute kidney injury,” and “acute decompensated heart failure” from January 2000 to January 2021. A total of 14 pediatric studies were ultimately included and analyzed, comprising a combined population of 3608 children of which 32% had CRS. Of the 14 studies, 57% were based on type 1 CRS, 14% on types 2 and 3 CRS, and 7% were on types 4 and 5 CRS. The majority of included studies were prospective cohort, although a wide spectrum was observed in terms of patient age, comorbidities, etiologies, and treatment strategies. Commonly observed comorbidities in CRS type 1 were hematologic, oncologic, cardiology-related side effects, muscular dystrophy, and pneumonia/bronchiolitis. CRS, particularly type 1, is prevalent in children and has a significant risk of mortality. The current treatment regimen primarily involves diuretics, extracorporeal fluid removal, and treatment of underlying etiologies and comorbidities.
Guidelines for physical activity in children with heart disease
Authors: Shah Sejal Suresh , Mohanty Sweta , Karande Tanuja , Maheshwari Sunita , Kulkarni Snehal , Saxena Anita 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Justification:
In recent years, there has been increasing recognition of children with heart disease in our country. These children belong to different age groups and have untreated, partially treated, or completely treated heart disease. The role of physical activity for optimal physical, emotional, and psychosocial well-being for children is well understood. There is a challenge for the parents and the medical professionals to take a decision regarding the type of physical activity safe for the child as heart disease may affect the hemodynamic demands. Most of the existing international guidelines focus on competitive sports in operated heart disease children. This may be of limited use when we have a mixed population of children with heart disease, different types of sports in our country and where a larger subset is looking for recommendations to leisure time activities.

Process:
The Pediatric Cardiac Society of India decided to formulate recommendations for physical activity in children with heart diseases. A committee of experts, who were well-versed with the subject of physical activity in children with heart disease, volunteered to take up the task of writing the guidelines. The recommendations emerged following deliberations of the committee members, on the virtual platform as well as mails. The final version of manuscript was approved by all committee members and all members are co-authors of this manuscript. The different types of physical activities were defined including leisure sports and competitive sports. The exercise was classified based on the mechanical action of muscles involved into dynamic and static components. Each type of exercise was then classified based on the intensity into low, medium, and high. Recommendations for the type of physical activity for individual heart lesions were decided based on the rationale available.

Objectives:
The recommendations here are made with an intention to provide general guidelines for physical activity in children with operated and unoperated heart diseases, not excluding a need for individualizing a plan, serial assessment, and comprehensive checkup in special situations.

Recommendations:
We hope the recommendations mentioned below would provide basic clarity in planning physical activity in children with heart disease. This is with the hope to encourage physically active life, at the same time ensuring a safety net.
A comparative study of antibody response, virus neutralization efficiency & metabolites in SARS-CoV-2-infected adults & children
Authors: Sudhakar Renu , Dontamala Suchitra , Bingi Thrilok Chander , Gorde Somesh , Panda Abhipsa , Rizvi Zeba , Reddy G. Srinivas , Kaswan Savita , Bhattacharjee Manish , Kumar Deepak , Nivya M. Angel , Mesipogu Raja Rao , Varadarajan K.S. , Patel Anant B. , Gupta Divya , Harshan Krishnan H. , Tallapaka Karthik Bharadwaj , Sijwali Puran Singh 
Published: February 2023

Background & objectives:
COVID-19 has been a global pandemic since early 2020. It has diverse clinical manifestations, but consistent immunological and metabolic correlates of disease severity and protection are not clear. This study was undertaken to compare seropositivity rate, antibody levels against nucleocapsid and spike proteins, virus neutralization and metabolites between adult and child COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
Plasma samples from naïve control (n=14) and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR positive COVID-19 participants (n=132) were tested for reactivity with nucleocapsid and spike proteins by ELISA, neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in Vero cells and metabolites by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Results:
An ELISA platform was developed using nucleocapsid and spike proteins for COVID-19 serosurvey. The participants showed greater seropositivity for nucleocapsid (72%) than spike (55.3%), and males showed higher seropositivity than females for both the proteins. Antibody levels to both the proteins were higher in intensive care unit (ICU) than ward patients. Children showed lower seropositivity and antibody levels than adults. In contrast to ICU adults (81.3%), ICU children (33.3%) showed lower seropositivity for spike. Notably, the neutralization efficiency correlated with levels of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies. The levels of plasma metabolites were perturbed differentially in COVID-19 patients as compared with the naive controls.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Our results reflect the complexity of human immune response and metabolome to SARS-CoV-2 infection. While innate and cellular immune responses are likely to be a major determinant of disease severity and protection, antibodies to multiple viral proteins likely affect COVID-19 pathogenesis. In children, not adults, lower seropositivity rate for spike was associated with disease severity.
Retinal pigment epithelium tear in an idiopathic acute onset bullous central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Ou You-Ci , Cheng Cheng-Kuo , Yang Chang-Sue 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Although retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears are common in patients with chronic conditions such as exudative age-related macular degeneration or may occur in response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor or laser treatment, a spontaneous RPE tear can occur in patients with acute and new-onset bullous central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). We present a rare case of a healthy young Asian man with unilateral massive subretinal fluid (SRF). An idiopathic acute-onset bullous CSCR with an RPE tear was diagnosed through ancillary examinations. This patient exhibited good visual recovery as indicated by foveal sparing, spontaneous resolution of SRF, and the lack of a need for unnecessary surgery.
Case Report: Reemerging Paragonimiasis in Umphang District, Thailand
Authors: Hanprom Jiranat , Lapphra Keswadee , Tontiwattanasap Worawit , Papwijitsil Ratchadaporn , Copeland Katherine , Chokephaibulkit Kulkanya 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT.
Paragonimiasis is a food-born zoonotic parasitosis caused by Paragonimus spp. Six cases of reemerging paragonimiasis within the Karan hill-tribe near the Thai–Myanmar border were evaluated to review clinical manifestations, predisposing factors, and treatment regimens. All patients tested positive for paragonimiasis eggs and presented with an array of symptoms, including chronic cough, hemoptysis, peripheral eosinophilia, and thoracic radiograph abnormalities. All fully recovered after a 2- to 5-day course of 75 to 80 mg/kg/day praziquantel. We conclude that paragonimiasis should be considered during differential diagnoses to promote early treatment and to prevent misdiagnosis of reemerging or sporadic cases. This applies particularly to endemic regions and high-risk groups known to habitually consume raw or undercooked intermediate or paratenic hosts.
Pinellia polysaccharide activates PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and regulates the expression of airway smooth muscle related apoptosis molecules in airway remodeling in rats with cough variant asthma
Authors: He Pingping , Yang Rui 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Pinellia polysaccharide on airway remodeling in cough-variant asthmatic rats, and the involvement of PI3K/AKT signal route in the process.
Methods: Seventy-five Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to 5 groups: blank control, model, low-dose Pinellia polysaccharide (100 mg/kg), medium-dose Pinellia polysaccharide (200 mg/kg) and high-dose Pinellia polysaccharide (400 mg/kg) groups, each with 15 rats. Immunoblot assay was employed to measure relative protein concentrations of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT), phosphorylated phosphoinositide-3-kinase (p-PI3K), MMP-9, B lymphocytes expression of cell tumor-2, B-lymphoma-2 gene-related promoter (Bad), Fas, and Caspase-3.
Results: The levels of Wat, Wam, Wai, p-AKT, p-PI3K, MMP-9 and bcl-2 in model group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (p < 0.05). However, these factors were significantly up-regulated, relative to blank control levels, but lower than those in the model group (p < 0.05). The levels of Bad, Fas and Caspase3 in the model group were significantly lower than the corresponding levels in the blank control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, levels of Bad, Fas and Caspase3 differed significantly amongst rats given the 3 doses of Pinellia polysaccharide (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Pinellia polysaccharide mitigates cough-variant asthma in rats through stimulation of PI3K/AKT signal route, regulation of expressions of airway smooth muscle-related apoptotic molecules (Bad, Fas and Caspase-3), and slowing down airway remodeling and airway inflammation. Thus, this polysaccharide is a potential agent for the management of cough variant asthma.
Marsilea crenata extract modulates SOD1 expression in male rat testes via Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Luthfiana Nana , Prasetyawan Sasangka , Anzila Ivakhul 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To investigate the potential effect of M. crenata ethanol extract as source of antioxidants through SOD1 and Nrf2 expression levels in rat testes.
Methods: Phytochemical analysis of M. crenata was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while antioxidant activity was determined by 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH radical) assay. This study used 24 male rats (n = 6), divided into 4 groups: control (normal rat without any treatment); PS1, PS2, and PS3 (normal rat which orally received ethanol extract of M. crenata leaves at a dose of 43.2, 86.4, and 129.6 mg/200 g body weight for 30 days, respectively). The expression levels of Nrf2 and SOD1 were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results: Quercetin and genistein were found in ethanol extract of M. crenata leaves with retention times of 8.812 and 22.309 min, respectively. M. crenata leaves extract was categorized as a strong antioxidant (IC50: 33.68 ppm). There was an increase in Nrf2 expression in rat testis in PS1 group. An upregulation of SOD1 expression was found in PS2 group.
Conclusion: M. crenata extract is a rich natural source of antioxidants and phytoestrogen and thus may be useful in the management of testicular dysfunctions. More studies will be required to firmly establish this finding.
Curcumin inhibits expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus of mice with sleep deprivation
Authors: Ruan Sha-sha , He Pei-cheng , Cao Qin-qin , Ma Tao 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To determine the inhibitory effect of curcumin on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus of mice with sleep deprivation.
Methods: Expressions of BDNF and miRNA-206 were evaluated using quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in a sleep-deprived mouse model. Interaction of BDNF and miRNA-206 was assessed by dual luciferase and qPCR) assays. The effect of curcumin on BDNF and miRNA-206 was also determined by qRT-PCR.
Results: Expressions of BDNF and miRNA-206 were significantly suppressed in hippocampus of mice in sleep deprivation group compared with control mice (p < 0.05). Treatment with miRNA-206 significantly suppressed the luciferase activity of wild type (WT) BDNF reporter gene vector (p < 0.05) rather than the mutated (mut) vectors. Inhibition of miRNA-206 upregulated RNA and protein levels of BDNF (p < 0.05), while curcumin treatment inhibited BDNF expression (p < 0.01) and upregulated miRNA-206 level (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Curcumin inhibits BDNF expression by upregulating miRNA-206 level in hippocampus tissues of mice in the sleep deprivation model. The relationship between BDNF and miRNA-206 might provide a new direction for the development of new therapeutics for sleep deprivation.
Effect of methanol aqueous extract of Satureja montana and two of its bioactive components on memory in rats
Authors: Vilmosh Natalia B , Delev Delyan P , Kostadinov I Ilia D , Zlatanova Hristina I , Georgieva-Kotetarova Maria T , Kandilarov Ilin K , Kostadinova Ivanka I 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Satureja montana Lamiaceae extract on cognition in rats.
Methods: A total of 128 male, 8-week-old Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats were randomly and equally assigned to 16 groups (n = 8), which were orally given either saline and olive oil (two negative and two positive controls), S. montana Lamiaceae (250 and 500 mg/kg), RA (15 mg/kg), or carvacrol (500 mg/kg). For each experimental model, acute cold stress and chronic unpredictable mild stress models were used to induce memory impairment in rats. A new object recognition test was used to investigate cognition.
Results: Acute stress did not produce a significant impact on cognition (p > 0.05). However, S. montana at a dose of 500 mg/kg significantly increased the discrimination index, relative to positive control rats (p = 0.001), while the lower dose of dry extract and RA had significant impacts only on time spent on new object investigation (p = 0.025 and p = 0.014, respectively). Chronic stress significantly reduced the duration of new object investigation but not the discrimination index (p = 0.037 and p = 0.009). Both doses of Satureja montana and RA increased levels of all studied parameters when compared to positive saline group, as well as novel object recognition when compared to RA and carvacrol (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Satureja montana and RA (but not carvacrol) have moderate effects on cognition abilities in rat models of acute and chronic stress. More research is required to establish the specific biochemical processes through which S. montana and RA affect memory.
Effect of combined use of sodium hyaluronate and rhEGF on xerophthalmia in the elderly after cataract surgery
Authors: Chen Xiaoxi , Yang Lixia , Han Jin , He Yan 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To determine the effect of combined use of sodium hyaluronate and recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) on xerophthalmia in elderly patients after cataract surgery, as well as levels of serum inflammatory factors.
Methods: A total of 84 elderly patients diagnosed with xerophthalmia after phacoemulsification were retrospectively studied. The patients comprised two groups: control group consisting of 40 patients given basic therapy using anti-inflammatory drugs and sodium hyaluronate eye drops (1 drop 3 times a day), and combination group (n = 44) who additionally received rhEGF. The expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in tears were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After 4 weeks of treatment, clinical efficacy was assessed.
Results: There was significantly higher clinical efficacy in the combination group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The values of tear break-up time (BUT) and Schirmer test (Sit) in both groups increased significantly with time, while fluorescein corneal staining (FL), symptom score, and expression levels of IL-6, hs-CRP and TNF-α significantly decreased (p < 0.05). At 2 weeks and 4 weeks of therapy, the combination group had higher values of BUT and Sit than the control group (p < 0.01). However, FL value, symptom score, and levels of IL-6, hs-CRP and TNF-α were significantly lower in the combination group than in the control group (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Sodium hyaluronate, in combination with rhEGF, improves treatment efficacy in elderly xerophthalmia patients after operation, reduces inflammatory reactions, and enhances disease alleviation. However, a multi-center prospective study will be required to validate the findings of this study.
Co administration of oxiracetam and monosialotetrahexosylganglioside for the treatment of patients with craniocerebral injury, and their effect on serum S100 proteins and neuron specific enolase
Authors: Guo Yuzhen , Wang Xiaozhen , Lian Lifeng , Pan Sufei 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of oxiracetam plus monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) in the treatment of craniocerebral injury, and its effect on serum S100 proteins and neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
Methods: A total of eighty patients with severe craniocerebral injury admitted to Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital between January 2020 and December 2021 were selected for the study, and assigned 1:1 to control group (GM1 only, 2 mL daily through intravenous drip) and study group (GM1, 2 mL daily through intravenous drip, in combination with oxiracetam, and 4 g dissolved in 100ml of saline daily through intravenous drip). The treatment duration was two months.
Results: Baseline patient characteristics were comparable between the two groups (p > 0.05). GM1 plus oxiracetam produced better restoration of cranial functions of patients after craniocerebral injury when compared with GM1 alone, as evidenced by the significantly lower S100 proteins and NSE levels of the study group than the corresponding parameters of the control group after 1, 2, 3, and 7 days of treatment (p < 0.05). More significant mitigation of inflammatory reactions was observed in patients co-administered GM1 and oxiracetam than in those who received GM1 only, as shown by the lower serum concentrations of inflammatory factors {(c-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and neuropeptide Y (NPY)} in the study group as compared with the control group (p < 0.05). A few patients experienced minor adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea and vomiting, dizziness and headache, and rash during treatment (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Co-administration of oxiracetam and GM1 is a viable strategy for the treatment of patients with craniocerebral injury, as it significantly lowers the levels of serum S100 proteins and NSE, mitigates inflammatory reactions, and ameliorates cerebral hemodynamics in patients. The combined therapy also has a good safety profile.