bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A topology review and comparative analysis on transformerless grid‐connected photovoltaic inverters and leakage current reduction techniques
Authors: Ponrekha A. Sahaya , Subathra M. S. P. , Bharatiraja Chokkalingam , Manoj Kumar Nallapaneni , Haes Alhelou Hassan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhotovoltaic energy source growth is significant in power generation field. Moreover, grid connected inverters strengthen this growth. Development of transformerless inverters with higher efficiency, low cost and size is competitive than the inverters with transformers. However, leakage current generation in transformerless inverters is a challenge to their growth. The research in evolution of new transformerless inverter topologies with higher efficiency, boosting capability, and reduced leakage current is interesting. This paper presents an extensive discussion of transformerless inverters under the categorization of their structures and the subcategorization with leakage current reduction techniques. The components and connections of inverters are differentiated with colours for the effortless understanding of operation. The detailed comparisons of transformerless inverters based on performance and construction are also presented with their strengths and weaknesses. To give deep intuition on characteristics of transformerless inverters, selected inverters are simulated with different operating conditions. Loss contribution of each switch in the selected inverters is analysed, to help the new researchers, designers and engineers to design efficient topologies.
Gas accretion onto Jupiter mass planets in discs with laminar accretion flows
Authors: Nelson R. P. , Lega E. , Morbidelli A. 
Published: December 2022

Context. Numerous studies have shown that a gap-forming Jovian mass planet embedded in a protoplanetary disc, in which a turbulent viscosity operates, can accrete gas efficiently through the gap, and for typical parameters it doubles its mass in ~0.1 Myr. The planet also migrates inwards on a timescale that is closely related to the local viscous evolution timescale, which is also typically 0.1 Myr. These timescales are short compared to protoplanetary disc lifetimes, and raise questions about the origins of the cold gas giant exoplanets that have been discovered in abundance. It is understood that protoplanetary discs are unlikely to be globally turbulent, and instead they may launch magnetised winds such that accretion towards the star occurs in laminar accretion flows located in narrow layers near the surfaces of the disc.
Aims. The aim of this study is to examine the rate at which gas accretes onto Jovian mass planets that are embedded in layered protoplanetary discs, and to compare the results with those obtained for viscous models.
Methods. We use 3D hydrodynamical simulations of planets embedded in protoplanetary discs, in which a constant radial mass flux towards the star of ṁ = 10−8 M⊙ yr−1 is sustained. We consider a classical viscous α disc model, and also models in which an external torque is applied in narrow surface layers to mimic the effects of a magnetised wind. The accreting layers have a variety of depths, as parameterised by their column densities ΣA, and we consider values of ΣA in the range 0.1−10 g cm−2.
Results. The viscous disc model gives results in agreement with previous studies. In accord with our recent work that examines the migration of Jovian mass planets in layered models, we find the accretion rate onto the planet in the layered models crucially depends on the ability of the planet to block the wind-induced mass flow towards the star. For ΣA = 10 g cm−2, the planet torque can block the mass flow in disc, accretion onto the planet is slow, and a mass doubling time of 10 Myr is obtained. For ΣA = 0.1 g cm−2, the flow is not blocked, accretion is fast, and the mass doubling time is 0.2 Myr.
Conclusions. Our results show that although the radial mass flow through the layered disc models is always 10−8 M⊙ yr−1, adopting different values of ΣA leads to very different gas accretion rates onto embedded gas giant planets.
Understanding the zoonotic pathogen, Coxiella burnetii in Australian fur seal breeding colonies through environmental DNA and genotyping
Authors: Gardner Brett R. , Arnould John P. Y. , Hufschmid Jasmin , McIntosh Rebecca R. , Fromant Aymeric , Tadepalli Mythili , Stenos John 
Published: December 2022

Context Coxiella burnetii is suspected as a novel pathogen contributing to decreased pup production in Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus). It has recently been described from a single breeding colony in Bass Strait, has previously been associated with two decreasing populations of northern hemisphere pinnipeds and is a known reproductive pathogen. Data around its disease ecology in marine mammals are sparse. Aims To determine whether environmental DNA (eDNA) can be used to survey for C. burnetii in Australian fur seal breeding colonies. To determine whether C. burnetii in Australian fur seals is the same genotype as terrestrial Australian C. burnetii. Methods Soil samples were collected from Kanowna Island and Seal Rocks. Placental samples were collected from Kanowna Island. Soil was evaluated for eDNA using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for com1 gene. Placental samples were evaluated with com1, htpAB and IS1111 markers. Multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis for three microsatellite loci (ms-24, ms-28 and ms-33) was used to determine relatedness to Australian C. burnetii genotypes. Key results eDNA results varied between pre-and post-pupping at Seal Rocks. When targeting the com1 gene, the post-pupping prevalence at Kanowna Island and Seal Rocks was 59.6% and 90%, respectively. eDNA PCR inhibition of samples was low at 1.9%. There was very poor, sporadic to absent IS1111 amplification in placental samples. The com1 and htpAB qPCRs had an overall prevalence across placental samples of 39.2% and 56.7% respectively. In 90.1% of placental samples (n = 11), the ms-28 locus amplified. Neither ms-24 nor ms-33 amplified. Conclusions eDNA is an effective tool to survey Australian fur seal breeding colonies in the post-pupping period for C. burnetii. The prevalence appears to be much higher in the Seal Rocks colony than in the Kanowna Island colony. It appears that this is not a terrestrial Australian genotype but rather closely related to genotypes detected in marine mammals in the northern hemisphere. Implications This research significantly expands our ability to survey for C. burnetii in Australian fur seals and other marine mammals. It highlights knowledge gaps in our understanding of the disease ecology and phylogeny of C. burnetii in marine mammals.
The squalene route to C30 carotenoid biosynthesis and the origins of carotenoid biosynthetic pathways
Authors: Santana-Molina Carlos , Henriques Valentina , Hornero-Méndez Damaso , Devos Damien P. , Rivas-Marin Elena 
Published: December 2022

Carotenoids are isoprenoid lipids found across the tree of life with important implications in oxidative stress adaptations, photosynthetic metabolisms, as well as in membrane dynamics. The canonical view is that C40 carotenoids are synthesized from phytoene and C30 carotenoids from diapophytoene. Squalene is mostly associated with the biosynthesis of polycyclic triterpenes, although there have been suggestions that it could also be involved in the biosynthesis of C30 carotenoids. However, demonstration of the existence of this pathway in nature is lacking. Here, we demonstrate that C30 carotenoids are synthesized from squalene in the Planctomycetes bacteria and that this squalene route to C30 carotenoids is the most widespread in prokaryotes. Using the evolutionary history of carotenoid and squalene amino oxidases, we propose an evolutionary scenario to explain the origin and diversification of the different carotenoid and squalene-related pathways. We show that carotenoid biosynthetic pathways have been constantly transferred and neofunctionalized during prokaryotic evolution. One possible origin of the squalene pathway connects it with the one of C40 carotenoid synthesis of Cyanobacteria. The widespread occurrence of the squalene route to C30 carotenoids in
Bacteria
increases the functional repertoire of squalene, establishing it as a general hub of carotenoids and polycyclic triterpenes synthesis.
Central tolerance promoted by cell chimerism
Authors: Zeleniak Ann , Trucco Massimo 
Published: December 2022

Historically, successful allotransplantation was only achieved by utilizing powerful immunosuppressive drugs that were exposing the patient to severe opportunistic infections. The thymus of the transplant recipient renders such therapy obligatory as it constitutively blocks self-reactive T cells while allowing alloreactive T cells to mature and populate the periphery. In 1992, a follow-up study revealed the presence of donor leukocytes in long-term transplant survivors. The stable persistence of recipient and donor leukocytes in the transplanted patient, referred to as “chimerism”, was considered the reason why in some cases it was even possible to stop immunosuppressive treatment without damaging the transplanted organ. Unfortunately, it quickly became evident that stable, persistent allogeneic chimerism was not easily achievable by design. Recently, a novel approach has been identified to help address this clinical gap in knowledge: Cotransplantation of a donor graft with a thymic organoid populated with donor precursor cells generates stable, long-term chimerism in the recipient. In humanized mice, the implantation of thymic organoids, populated with human donor inducible pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and the same donor CD34+ bone marrow precursors, induces tolerance to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donor tissues/organs. This technology will allow successful allotransplantation of cells/organs even between Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)-noncompatible individuals and allow getting rid of immunosuppressive treatments reducing recipient morbidity.
Video‐based technical feedback and instruction improves tackling technique of community rugby union players
Authors: Davidow Demi , Watson Mikeala , Lambert Mike , Jones Ben , Smith Mitchel , Kraak Wilbur , Hendricks Sharief 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to test the change and retention of player's overall tackling technique and technical components following a player‐specific video‐based technical feedback and instruction intervention on both their dominant and non‐dominant shoulders. Twenty‐four (n = 24) rugby union players participated in a non‐randomized control‐intervention, which consisted of a video‐based technical feedback and instruction group (video‐based technical feedback) and a no video‐based technical feedback and instruction group (control). During 3 sessions (baseline, intervention, retention) separated by one week, participants in each group performed six tackles (3 tackles on each shoulder) on a tackle simulator. In total, 432 tackles (video‐based technical feedback = 216, control = 216) were analysed. Each tackle was analysed using a standardized list of technical criteria (arbitrary units, AU). For the dominant shoulder, tackling technique scores significantly improved from baseline to intervention for both groups. For the non‐dominant shoulder, only the video‐based technical feedback group improved their tackling technique from baseline to intervention (baseline 6.89 [6.33–7.45] AU vs. intervention 7.72 [7.35–8.10] AU p = .001, ES = 0.60 moderate). For the retention session, the video‐based technical feedback group scored significantly higher than the control group, for dominant (video‐based technical feedback 8.00 [7.60–8.40] AU vs. control 7.22 [6.83–7.62] AU p = .014, ES = 0.66 moderate) and non‐dominant (video‐based technical feedback 8.11 [7.81–8.41] AU vs. control 7.22 [6.90–7.55] p = .004, ES = 0.96 moderate) tackles. This study demonstrates the efficacy of video‐based technical feedback as a method to optimize tackle training for player safety and performance.
Diagnostic performance of a modified visual perception test
Authors: Elsherif Mayada , Mourad Mona , Hamouda Nesrine , Abdou Rania , Salem Taima 
Published: December 2022

Background
During the process of learning to read, the dorsal pathway assesses the visual word form area (VWFA) in focussing on each letter and its sequence. Children with learning difficulty such as dyslexia have immature processing in these areas of the brain. The aim of the study is to modify the dynamic perceptual test to increase its diagnostic value to differentiate between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children.

Methods
Forty children were included divided into two subgroups, control group consists of 20 good reading skills children and study group consists of 20 dyslexic children according to the Arabic version of the dyslexia assessment. All children underwent psychometric, dyslexic evaluation, Phonological awareness skills assessment and the modified dynamic visual perception.

Results
There was statistically significant different between groups on saccadic and distractor tasks. The performance of control children was better than dyslexic children for identification of the optotype presented to them as well as the colour of the arrow.

Conclusion
The distractor direction and colour was the most specific in the modified dynamic perception in differentiating dyslexic from non-dyslexic children.
Rotational modes of a double conical pendulum
Authors: Cross Rod 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Theoretical and experimental results are presented for a double conical pendulum rotated at the top end in a circular path of radius r
0. The rotation modes are different from those with r
0 = 0 and depend on whether the two pendulum masses rotate in or out of phase with the upper end and with each other. The results extend those already described in the physics teaching literature for a single conical pendulum, would be suitable as a lecture demonstration or an undergraduate laboratory experiment, and are closely analogous to those for a chain that is rotated at its upper end.
Addendum: Timelike and spacelike kernel functions for the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment (2022 J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.
49 055001)
Authors: Nesterenko A V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This addendum provides results complementary to those obtained in [J.
Phys.
G
49, 055001 (2022)]. Specifically, an equivalent form of the relation, which binds together the ‘spacelike’ kernel functions for the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment

a

μ

HVP

, is obtained. It is shown that the infrared limiting value of the ‘spacelike’ and ‘timelike’ kernel functions, which enter the representations for

a

μ

HVP

involving the Adler function and the R-ratio, is identical to the corresponding QED contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment of the preceding order in the electromagnetic coupling. The next-to-leading order contributions

a

μ

HVP
(
3
b
)

(which includes the leptonic and hadronic insertions) and

a

μ

HVP
(
3
c
)

(which includes the double hadronic insertion), are studied. The three kernel functions appearing in the representations for

a

μ

HVP
(
3
b
)

, which involve the hadronic vacuum polarization function, Adler function, and the R-ratio, are presented for the cases of the electron and τ-lepton loop insertions.
Case-based reasoning user support for industrial x-ray computed tomography
Authors: Schild Leonard , Höger Katja , Zanini Filippo , Lanza Gisela , Carmignato Simone 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Industrial x-ray computed tomography is increasingly used in the field of dimensional metrology. However, the measurement accuracy is influenced by many factors for which comprehensive expert’s knowledge is still not available. This work presents an approach to establish a user support system that allows a user to achieve highly accurate measurements. The approach generates knowledge from experimental investigations deploying specifically designed test parts and uses the knowledge in a case-based reasoning user support system. Validation experiments showed that the user support system was successful at providing a user with instructions that led to highly accurate measurements of three previously unknown industrial workpieces.
Shape analysis via gradient flows on diffeomorphism groups
Authors: Balehowsky Tracey , Karlsson Carl-Joar , Modin Klas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We study a Riemannian gradient flow on Sobolev diffeomorphisms for the problem of image registration. The energy functional quantifies the effect of transforming a template to a target, while also penalizing non-isometric deformations. The main result is well-posedness of the flow. We also give a geometric description of the gradient in terms of the momentum map.
Driving rapidly while remaining in control: classical shortcuts from Hamiltonian to stochastic dynamics
Authors: Guéry-Odelin David , Jarzynski Christopher , Plata Carlos A , Prados Antonio , Trizac Emmanuel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Stochastic thermodynamics lays down a broad framework to revisit the venerable concepts of heat, work and entropy production for individual stochastic trajectories of mesoscopic systems. Remarkably, this approach, relying on stochastic equations of motion, introduces time into the description of thermodynamic processes—which opens the way to fine control them. As a result, the field of finite-time thermodynamics of mesoscopic systems has blossomed. In this article, after introducing a few concepts of control for isolated mechanical systems evolving according to deterministic equations of motion, we review the different strategies that have been developed to realize finite-time state-to-state transformations in both over and underdamped regimes, by the proper design of time-dependent control parameters/driving. The systems under study are stochastic, epitomized by a Brownian object immersed in a fluid; they are thus strongly coupled to their environment playing the role of a reservoir. Interestingly, a few of those methods (inverse engineering, counterdiabatic driving, fast-forward) are directly inspired by their counterpart in quantum control. The review also analyzes the control through reservoir engineering. Besides the reachability of a given target state from a known initial state, the question of the optimal path is discussed. Optimality is here defined with respect to a cost function, a subject intimately related to the field of information thermodynamics and the question of speed limit. Another natural extension discussed deals with the connection between arbitrary states or non-equilibrium steady states. This field of control in stochastic thermodynamics enjoys a wealth of applications, ranging from optimal mesoscopic heat engines to population control in biological systems.
Curved beam generation and its experimental realization by rectangular prism with asymmetric polynomial back surface
Authors: Neşeli Berkay , Kurt Hamza , Turduev Mirbek 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With the discovery of self-accelerating beams, possibility of obtaining curved light beams in free space has been realized. These special beams paved the way for many new applications as well as the exploration of novel beam types. Recently, great research effort has been conducted to realize different types of curved beams such as photonic hook and airy beam. These curved types of beams are obtained by introducing structural asymmetry or applying non-uniform dielectric distribution to the input and output face of the structure. With this regard, we propose specially designed asymmetric structure with polynomial back surface which generates curved light beams. Proposed lossless dielectric structure can generate curved beams at frequencies varying from 15.78 GHz to 20.09 GHz and corresponding curvature angles of minimum 41.34° and maximum 57.58°, respectively. The physical background of the curved beam formation is based on interference of the exiting light waves that diffract on upper and bottom polynomial surfaces which provides phase modulation leading to the curved trajectory of the propagating light. In addition, the observed beam steering effect is further investigated and the experimental verification in microwave region is conducted to verify our design’s operation principle.
Studying large-scale structure probes of modified gravity with COLA
Authors: Fiorini Bartolomeo , Koyama Kazuya , Izard Albert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We study the effect of two Modified Gravity (MG) theories, f(R) and nDGP, on three probes of large-scale structure, the real space power spectrum estimator Q
0, bispectrum and voids, and validate fast approximate COLA simulations against full N-body simulations for the prediction of these probes.
We find that using the first three even multipoles of the redshift space power spectrum to estimate Q
0 is enough to reproduce the MG boost factors of the real space power spectrum for both halo and galaxy catalogues.
By analysing the bispectrum and reduced bispectrum of Dark Matter (DM), we show that the strong MG signal present in the DM bispectrum is mainly due to the enhanced power spectrum. We warn about adopting screening approximations in simulations as this neglects non-linear contributions that can source a significant component of the MG bispectrum signal at the DM level, but we argue that this is not a problem for the bispectrum of galaxies in redshift space where the signal is dominated by the non-linear galaxy bias.
Finally, we search for voids in our mock galaxy catalogues using the ZOBOV watershed algorithm.
To apply a linear model for Redshift-Space Distortion (RSD) in the void-galaxy cross-correlation function, we first examine the effects of MG on the void profiles entering into the RSD model. We find relevant MG signals in the integrated-density, velocity dispersion and radial velocity profiles in the nDGP theory. Fitting the RSD model for the linear growth rate, we recover the linear theory prediction in an nDGP model, which is larger than the ΛCDM prediction
at the 3σ level. In f(R) theory we cannot naively compare the results of the fit with the linear theory prediction as this is scale-dependent, but we obtain results that are consistent with the ΛCDM prediction.
Macroscopic entanglement generation in optomechanical system embedded in non-Markovian environment
Authors: Yang Xiuyi , Yin Hongjie , Zhang Feng , Nie Jing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the macroscopic entanglement generation between two movable mirrors in an optomechanical system beyond the Markov approximation. We derive a non-Markovian master equation for the optomechanical system and analyze the entanglement generation based on the numerical simulation. It is found that the maximum entanglement can be achieved by utilizing both the optomechanical coupling and the non-Markovian properties of the bath. In particular, we show the contribution from the system-bath coupling has a positive impact only if the bath is non-Markovian. Besides, the symmetric properties of the optomechanical system as well as the initial state are crucial to the entanglement generation. The results presented in the paper illustrate that the impact of the non-Markovian bath is an important factor in the entanglement generation in the optomechanical system.