bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of her2/neu and ki-67 expression in invasive urothelial carcinoma of bladder and their correlation with grade and stage
Authors: Sarwala Sohini Parveen , Sarkar Ranu , Maity Moumita 
Published: July 2023

Urinary bladder cancer is one of the costliest diseases, which requires lifelong surveillance due to its rapid aggressive clinical course. Here, HER2/neu and Ki-67 expression, is studied, as important prognostic marker with therapeutic implications in invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma (IUBC). To study expression of HER2/neu and Ki-67 in histologically diagnosed cases of IUBC and their clinicopathological correlation.An observational, cross-sectional, study was performed in Pathology Department, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, from February 2020 to July 2021. Tissue sections, after proper processing, were stained in H&E. A total of 75 IUBC cases were histopathologically diagnosed with grade and stage. HER2/neu and Ki-67 expression by immunohistochemistry was studied in them; which was compared with clinicopathological variables like age, sex, risk factors, histological type, grade, stage, etc. Statistical analysis software EPI INFO (TM) 7.2.2.2 was used, p&#60;0.05 was taken to be statistically significant.Among 75 cases of IUBC, 60% were high grade and 72% were of lower (pT1) stage. HER2/neu was positive in 52% cases; significantly associated with males, haematuria, smoking, necrosis, high grade (p&#60;0.00001) and higher stage (pT2/3/4) (p=0.0005). Ki-67 index was high in 56% cases; significantly associated with &#62;50 years age group, haematuria, smoking, necrosis, LVI, high grade (p&#60;0.00001) and higher stage (p&#60;0.0001). Positive HER2/neu expression was also significantly associated with high Ki-67 index (p&#60;0.00001).Positive HER2/neu expression and high Ki-67 index is significantly associated with high grade and stage of tumours. So, these patients may be considered for targeted therapy using Trastuzumab in addition to conventional therapy.
Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of coagulase negative staphylococci in a tertiary care hospital of Southern Rajasthan
Authors: Jain Sheetal , Kumar Rohit , Karicheri Ramanath 
Published: July 2023

Coagulase negative staphylococci have been recognized as one of the important cause of hospital acquired infections in recent past. It has become difficult to manage these infections due to emergence of multidrug resistance to them. The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic sensitivity trend of all Coagulase negative Staphylococci isolates using modified Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion technique. To assess the antibiotic sensitivity for coagulase negative staphylococci, Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar was used. The study findings were interpreted on the basis of CLSI standards. All coagulase negative staphylococci isolates were given a predetermined panel of antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci were identified using Cefoxitin disk. The sensitivity to Linezolid, Vancomycin and Rifampicin was found in all 500 isolates of coagulase negative staphylococci in our study. However, they were resistant to Penicillin G (65%), Cefoxitin (56%), Ciprofloxacin (57%), Levofloxacin (32%), Gentamicin (21%), Erythromycin (67%), Clindamycin (60%), Cotrimoxazole (51%) Tetracycline (9%). As CoNS have emerged as an important agent of hospital acquired infections, hence there is need of identification, speciation and resistance pattern of isolates for better management of patients.
A study of effectiveness of tendon transfers in upper extremity in the management of spastic hemiplegia
Authors: Varma Anand , Athani Badarinath , Gaur Anil Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Over the years, most often the surgical management of cerebral palsy (CP) has focused only on lower extremities wherein surgeries are performed regularly for sitting, standing and ambulation. Upper extremity surgery is uncommonly done to improve the functions of the hand.To study effectiveness of tendon transfers in upper extremity in the management of spastic hemiplegiaThis was a prospective study, which included 24 patients with spastic hemiplegia, of either sex between the ages of 5 and 25 years. All the patients were admitted and evaluated in detail. Pre-operative functional assessment of the upper limb was done according to the House et al functional classification and recorded. IQ evaluation of all the patients was done. All the patients were subjected to the three surgical procedures.Majority (33.33%) belonged to 16–20 years and 66.67% were Females. 15 (62.5%) were having Rt. Sided involvement 20 (83.33%) were having a Normal IQ (&#62;70). The pre-operative score significantly improved from 1.42 to 4.54 after surgery. No one was having excellent improvement but 25% had good improvement while 58.3% had fair improvement. 16.7% had poor improvement. Out of the four cases having Mild MR, majority, 3 (75%), showed Poor observed improvement scores. Out of the 20 cases having Normal IQ, majority, 13 (65%), showed Fair observed improvement scores.The appearance of the hand improved in all the 24 cases (100%) making improvement in the appearance of the hand a very important functional and psychological goal for surgical management even in severe cases
Prevalence of Gestational thrombocytopenia in five cities of India: A cross sectional descriptive study
Authors: Khajuria Atul , Malik Parmila , Khattri Jyotsana , Singh Lalit , VG Veeresh 
Published: July 2023

: Pregnancy is a wonderful event of a women life, where in a female prepare herself to give birth to child. The physiological changes in blood include a rise in erythrocytes and a decrease in platelets, which results in the condition known as thrombocytopenia, where the platelet counts are fewer than a few lakhs and bring on bleeding symptoms. The decreased platelet during pregnancy is called gestational thrombocytopenia. : The present study aims to find the prevalence of the gestational thrombocytopenia in India. A cross sectional descriptive study design used to identify the prevalence rate of the gestational thrombocytopenia in India, total 3952 samples from India like Lucknow, Panipat, Sonipat, Gohana, Delhi. The study found that the prevalence of gestational thrombocytopenia is 3.4%. During the study period records revealed that 37 women (27%) belonged to gestational age of 30-33 weeks, 30 women (21%) belonged to gestational age of 34-36 weeks and 70 women (51%) belonged to gestational age of 37-40 weeks. Thirty-five (25.5%) cases had mild thrombocytopenia, 22 women (16%) had moderate, and 80 women (58.7%) had severe thrombocytopenia.: The present study assessed the prevalence of the gestational thrombocytopenia at various cities in India, suggested the importance of the early identification of gestational thrombocytopenia and prevention of complications related to gestation and pregnancy outcome
Surgical profile of patients undergoing thyroid surgery and its complications at a tertiary care centre: A hospital based retrospective study
Authors: Mogali Vishwanath S , Tukaram Arunkumar , Hudge Prashanth N , Kumar B Prashanth 
Published: July 2023

Patient related, surgeon related and thyroid gland related factors affect complication rate of surgery of thyroid gland. Hence, it is important to carry out more studies on surgical profile of patients undergoing surgery of thyroid gland and associated complications to help young surgeons understand the depth of the topic.To study surgical profile of patients undergoing thyroid surgery and its complicationsRetrospective observational analysis has been performed. Study population included all patients who had a thyroidectomy operation performed. Medical records of all patients who underwent thyroid surgery were retrospectively evaluated. A data forms were set up for the detailed collection of data on surgical techniques and their related complications. Data extraction was carried out from the patients’ medical records manually. Most commonly affected age group was 31-40 years. Females were commonly affected (93.7%). Right lobe was affected in almost half of cases. Majority i.e. 95.8% of lesions of the thyroid gland were benign in nature and only 4.2% were malignant. Most commonly performed surgical procedure was hemi-thyroidectomy in 54.1% of cases. Complication rate was only 15.6% and all complications were mild. There was no recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and No death was recorded. Most common complication was transient hypocalcemia and seroma in four cases each. Middle aged and females are commonly affected with the thyroid disease requiring surgery. Right lobe of thyroid commonly affected. Complication rate is low and all complications were mild in nature. This suggests that now a day, the thyroid surgery is not associated with mortality and severe morbidity as was the case in previous days.
Conventional radiation therapy with hyperfractionated radiation therapy in cancer hypopharynx - A prospective comparative study
Authors: S Vijayakumar 
Published: July 2023

Cancer treatment of the head and neck, the effectiveness of hyperfractionated radiation therapy (HFRT) has been revealed in recent randomized trials, mainly in their local control. As the hypopharynx is situated near the larynx, to achieve greater laryngeal preservation, local control of hypopharyngeal cancers should be achieved; it is very important to enhance the patient’s quality of life. In this study, hyperfractionated radiation therapy results were compared with conventional radiation therapy (CFRT) results.Patients with squamous cell cancer of hypopharynx (Stage II to IVA); were submitted with hyperfractionated (n = 34) or conventionally fractionated (n = 22) radiotherapy, with chemotherapy, between July 2018 to January 2020.In conventional radiotherapy, each patient received 2 Gy per fraction with a total dose of 66 Gy at over 6.3 weeks, along with concurrent cisplatin (30 mg/m 2) weekly. In hyperfractionated radiotherapy, each patient received 1.2 Gy per fraction two fractions per day six hours apart with a total dose of 72 Gy at over 6 weeks, along with concurrent cisplatin (30 mg/m 2) weekly. The endpoints were tumor response and toxicities.: Complete response rate in the HFRT group was 85.29% and that in the CFRT group was 68.18%. The most prevalent acute toxicities were skin, mucosal and dysphagia related. The acute skin toxicity was significantly higher in CFRT (54.55%) than in HFRT (44.12%).: This study suggests that for the treatment of locally advanced hypopharynx cancers, hyperfractionated radiation therapy with simultaneous chemotherapy can be a standard method of treatment and care.
Prevalence of acanthosis Nigerians in patients with HIV infection and its relation with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Khan P. Musa , Khan Md. Yousuf , Sakuntala P. , Kumar Ch.Subash 
Published: July 2023

According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) prevalence of diabetes in India is 8.8%. Acanthosis Nigerians is one of the marker of insulin resistance which is easy to detect. There are not many studies which have correlated this ubiquitous clinical marker with metabolic syndrome and moreover there is no study on HIV positive patients: To study the prevalence of acanthosis Nigerians in patients with HIV-infection, attending ART clinic or admitted at a tertiary care centre and to study its relationship with metabolic syndrome.This is a cross sectional observational study done for 18 months including 300 patients. All patients with HIV-infection attending ART clinic or admitted were included in the study. Acanthosis Nigerians was found more in males as compared to females (15.35 vs 9.52%) though the difference was not statistically significant while metabolic syndrome was found in 12.7% of the patients. Comparative analysis of anthropometric data of metabolic syndrome patients with and without acanthosis Nigerians revealed larger waist circumference in patients with acanthosis Nigerians (85.44 vs 81.75) and it was statistically significant (p value 0.037). Sensitivity and specificity analysis of acanthosis Nigerians and metabolic syndrome revealed low sensitivity of acanthosis Nigerians in predicting presence of metabolic syndrome (17 %) and low positive predictive value (18.42 %). However it revealed high specificity (87.98 %) and a negative predictive value (86.97 %). Odds ratio of metabolic syndrome in presence of acanthosis Nigerians was 1.5. The CD4 count values were not significantly different in those with or without acanthosis Nigerians. The age, sex, duration of the therapy or the ART regimen did not statistically influenced occurance of acanthosis NigeriansAcanthosis Nigerians is a common and easily accessible dermatological condition. Increased waist circumference and waist hip ratio are strong predictors of acanthosis Nigerians. Acanthosis Nigerians can be used to predict occurrence of metabolic syndrome with high specificity and patients should be thoroughly evaluated for metabolic syndrome in its presence.
The antagonistic relationship of fetuin-A and adiponectin in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kurele Shailja , Dutta Jusmita , Patne Anupama 
Published: July 2023

Fetuin-A and adiponectin display noteworthy affiliations, bolstered by recent prove, with metabolic disorder, obese type 2 diabetes including hyperglycemia, central weight and insulin resistance as the most components, but their natural capacities are inverse. The point of this consider was to confirm the role of fetuin-A and adiponectin are the touchy marker for assessment of obese type 2 diabetes.In this analytical cross-sectional study, 100 control and patients were chosen from the physical examination database. Serum levels of fetuin-A and adiponectin were measured utilizing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent measure (ELISA) method. The Statistical software namely SAS 9.2, SPSS 15.0, Stata10.1, MedCalc 9.0.1 , Systat 12.0 and R environment ver.2.11.1 were used for the analysis of the data and Microsoft word and Excel have been used to generate graphs, tables etc.Compared with fetuin-A or adiponectin was significantly associated with obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (P &#60; 0.001). Fetuin-A or adiponectin are antagonistic linked with each other in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus
Knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication in general population of central India
Authors: Kasulkar Arti Ajay , Borkar Pranhita , Gupta Madhur 
Published: July 2023

Self-medication is widely used in both urban and rural people around the world, even in developing nations like India. Inappropriate self-medication can squander resources, increase microbial resistance, and pose serious health hazards regardless of whether it can help in the prevention and treatment of illnesses that do not require medical attention. To determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of 200 participants on self-medication, a cross-sectional study using questionnaires was conducted. On the recommendation of pharmacists, 45.5% of respondents used self-medication in the previous six months. About 83% of respondents thought self-medication was harmful if it was used without proper knowledge of drugs and diseases, 69% thought pharmacists were good resources for advice and information about minor medical issues, 59% thought self-medication was acceptable in some situations, and 34% thought a drug's effectiveness was unrelated to its price. Self-medication was favoured by the majority of respondents (38%) for minor illnesses like coughs, colds, and fevers. Due to time savings, participants' confidence in their own medical expertise, the expensive cost of visiting a doctor, and the clinic's distance from their homes, self-medication was chosen. Even though self-medication has negative effects, many nevertheless do it since it's more convenient. The general public should therefore be made aware of the potential risks associated with self-medication.
Fetus papyraceous with successful outcome of other twin at term
Authors: Vani P Yamini Shoba , Nirmala Kandela 
Published: July 2023

: In multiple gestations, Fetus papyraceous is a rare obstetric complication, the occurrence of which in twin cases is 1 in 12,500. It may be associated with elevated maternal and foetal complications, including death caused by disseminated intravascular coagulation and organ damage.: To record a case of uniovular twin pregnancy in the early third trimester with one twin foetus papyraceous, and pregnancy continued until term with a good outcome of co-twin survival.: A 25-year-old Gravida 2, Para 1, Living 1 woman with a previous usual vaginal delivery and twin pregnancy with Fetus papyraceous was referred to our hospital at 39 weeks for healthy institutional delivery.: she was admitted and induction of labour done with stripping of membrance and watched the progression of labour along with strict maternal and fetal monitoring. She was monitored by serial ultrasounds with doppler, coagulation profile throughout the pregnancy once the fetus papyraceous was diagnosed which was showing with in normal limits. She delivered vaginally of an alive healthy male baby of birth weight 2.5kg with APGAR score- at 1min-8 and at 5min-10.: Routine ultrasound testing with improved training and the use of modern ultrasound machines with good resolution are needed for the detection of multiple gestations. This would allow for early detection of papyraceous foetuses during pregnancy, potentially avoiding obstetric complications and lowering the risk of mortality.
Exploring ideological-ware as a resource in the use of Moodle in higher education – analyzing Covid-19 publications
Authors: Zuma Sphesihle , Mthembu Bheki 
Published: July 2023

Across the globe, the advent of the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has propelled most sectors to do their business online. Higher education institutions (HEIs) in particular have had to move their teaching and learning online, with Moodle reported to be one of the most used platforms internationally. In the context of Covid-19, educational researchers and publications have discussed various ways in which this platform has influenced the three types of curricula, namely: competence curriculum; pragmatic curriculum and performance curriculum. However, there is less emphasis on ideological-ware in the use of Moodle as a teaching and learning resource, which presents a serious challenge and requires systemic debate and reflection. This study uses critical discourse analysis and community of inquiry through purposive and convenience sampling to identify the published documents on the use of Moodle in the context of Covid-19. Findings indicate that most scholars are advocating that the successful use of Moodle in higher education institutions relies on ensuring that hardware and software resources are available for both lecturers and students. This suggests that HEIs are focusing on the performance and competence-based curriculum, yet limited mention is given to ideological-ware as an important aspect when using Moodle.
Vendre le Doute: Des Outils de Communication au Service de la Manipulation des Masses
Authors: Paché Gilles 
Published: July 2023

Depuis plusieurs décennies, des entreprises appartenant à des secteurs d’activité qui présentent un danger pour la santé des êtres humains, voire pour la planète, ont su déployer des outils puissants de communication en vue d’instiller le doute sur la réalité dudit danger dans l’esprit du grand public, mais aussi du personnel politique. Pour y parvenir, des travaux scientifiques contradictoires sont mobilisés, largement diffusés dans les médias et sur les réseaux sociaux, et leurs conclusions ne permettant pas de trancher définitivement dans un sens ou dans un autre, l’absence de certitude avérée freine la mise en œuvre de toute action réglementaire de protection. Vendre le doute est une démarche désormais largement étudiée par des chercheurs en sociologie critique ou en histoire des sciences, mais encore peu, voire pas investiguée en systèmes d’information et de communication. Il s’agit pourtant d’une thématique majeure pour mieux comprendre l’usage des outils de communication par des entreprises qui cherchent ainsi à manipuler les masses. En référence à une méthodologie fondée sur des « traces », la note de recherche identifie les soubassements historiques de la propagation massive du doute, à partir des débats fondés sur le « faux équilibre ». L’enjeu est de systématiser le relativisme dans une perspective de triomphe de la post-vérité dont les avancées depuis deux décennies s’expliquent à la fois par le silence des élites scientifiques et par le dévoiement d’un journalisme parfois peu rigoureux.

For decades, companies operating in sectors that pose a threat to human health, or even to the planet, have been deploying powerful communication tools to instill doubt in the minds of the public, as well as politicians, as to the reality of the danger. To achieve this, contradictory scientific studies are used, and widely disseminated on media and social networks, and their conclusions do not allow a definitive decision to be made. The absence of proven certainty thus slows down the implementation of any regulatory protective action. Selling doubt is an approach now widely studied by researchers in critical sociology and the history of science, but still little or no investigation into information and communication systems. Yet it is a major theme in understanding the use of communication tools by companies seeking to manipulate the crowd. With reference to a methodology based on “traces,” the research note identifies the historical underpinnings of the massive spread of doubt, starting with debates based on “false balance” (or bothsidesism). The aim is to systematize relativism in the context of the triumph of post-truth, whose advances over the past two decades can be explained both by the silence of scientific elites and by the misuse of sometimes not very rigorous journalism.