bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of line junctions in expert object recognition: The case of musical notation
Authors: Cho Felix Tze‐Hei , Tan Cheng Yong , Wong Yetta Kwailing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLine junctions are well‐known to be important for real‐world object recognition, and sensitivity to line junctions is enhanced with perceptual experience with an object category. However, it remains unclear whether these very simple visual features are involved in expert object representations at the neural level, and if yes, at what level(s) they are involved. In this EEG study, 31 music reading experts and 31 novices performed a one‐back task with intact musical notation, musical notation with line junctions removed and pseudo‐letters. We observed more separable neural representations of musical notation from pseudo‐letter for experts than for novices when line junctions were present and during 180–280 ms after stimulus onset. Also, the presence of line junctions was better decoded in experts than in novices during 320–580 ms, and the decoding accuracy in this time window predicted the behavioral recognition advantage of musical notation when line junctions were present. These suggest that, with perceptual expertise, line junctions are more involved in category selective representation of objects, and are more explicitly represented in later stages of processing to support expert recognition performance.
Donor sex, pre‐donation hemoglobin, and manufacturing affect CD71+cells in red cell concentrates
Authors: Li Wenhui , William Nishaka , Acker Jason P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCirculating CD71+ red blood cells (RBCs) have been reported to play an immunomodulatory role in vivo, which may contribute to adverse donor–recipient sex‐mismatched transfusion outcomes. However, it is not clear how CD71+ RBC quantity in red cell concentrates (RCCs) is affected by manufacturing methods and donor factors such as donor sex, donor age, pre‐donation hemoglobin (Hb), venous Hb (Hbv) levels, and donation frequency.MethodsWe determined CD71+ RBCs and Hb levels in whole blood (WB) from healthy donors (42 male/38 female). Using small‐scale red cell filtration (RCF) and whole blood filtration (WBF) methods, leukoreduced RCCs were processed from WB samples (n = 6) and the CD71+ RBCs were determined at days 1, 7, and 28. We examined uni‐ and multivariate associations among CD71+ RBCs, donor factors, and manufacturing method.ResultsMale donors had a higher CD71+ RBC concentration than females (p < .001), especially male donors aged 17–50 years with 1 or 2 WB donations over the previous 12 months. Donors with a Hbv above 155 g/L had a higher CD71+ RBC concentration than an Hbv level below 140 g/L (p < .05). There was a positive correlation between pre‐donation Hb and CD71+ RBC concentration (Pearson r = 0.41). WBF RCCs had a higher total number of CD71+ RBCs than RCF‐produced RCCs on day 1 (p < .05).DiscussionRCCs have variable numbers of CD71+ RBCs. This makes understanding the impact of donor factors and manufacturing methods on the immunomodulatory effect of CD71+ RBCs critical in exploring donor–recipient sex‐mismatched transfusions.
Planning and Learning in Multi-Agent Path Finding
Authors: Yakovlev K. S. , Andreychuk A. A. , Skrynnik A. A. , Panov A. I. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Multi-agent path finding arises, on the one hand, in numerous applied areas. A classical example is automated warehouses with a large number of mobile goods-sorting robots operating simultaneously. On the other hand, for this problem, there are no universal solution methods that simultaneously satisfy numerous (often contradictory) requirements. Examples of such criteria are a guarantee of finding optimal solutions, high-speed operation, the possibility of operation in partially observable environments, etc. This paper provides a survey of modern methods for multi-agent path finding. Special attention is given to various settings of the problem. The differences and between learnable and nonlearnable solution methods and their applicability are discussed. Experimental programming environments necessary for implementing learnable approaches are analyzed separately.
Severe aortic stenosis management in heart valve centres compared with primary/secondary care centres
Authors: Rudolph Tanja K , Messika-Zeitoun David , Frey Norbert , Lutz Matthias , Krapf Laura , Passefort Stephanie , Fryearson John , Simpson Helen , Mortensen Kai , Rehse Sebastian , Tiroke Andreas , Dodos Fotini , Mies Florian , Deutsch Cornelia , Kurucova Jana , Thoenes Martin , Bramlage Peter , Steeds Richard Paul 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveCurrent guidelines recommend use of heart valve centres (HVCs) to deliver optimal quality of care for patients with valve disease but there is no evidence to support this. The hypothesis of this study is that patient care with severe aortic stenosis (AS) will differ in HVCs compared with satellite centres. We aimed to compare the treatment of patients with AS at HVCs (tertiary care hospitals with full access to AS interventions) to satellites (hospitals without such access).MethodsIMPULSE enhancedis a European, observational, prospective registry enrolling consecutive patients with newly diagnosed severe AS at four HVCs and 10 satellites. Clinical characteristics, interventions performed and outcomes up to 1 year by site-type were examined.ResultsAmong 790 patients, 594 were recruited in HVCs and 196 in satellites. At baseline, patients in HVCs had more severe valve disease (higher peak aortic velocity (4.3 vs 4.1 m/s; p=0.008)) and greater comorbidity (coronary artery disease (CAD) (44% vs 27%; p<0.001) prior myocardial infarction (MI) (11% vs 5.1%; p=0.011) and chronic pulmonary disease (17% vs 8.9%; p=0.007)) than those presenting in satellites. An aortic valve replacement was performed more often by month 3 in HVCs than satellites in the overall population (52.6% of vs 31.3%; p<0.001) and in symptomatic patients (66.7% vs 43.2%, p<0.001). One-year survival rate was higher for patients in HVCs than satellites (HR2.19; 95% CI 1.28 to 3.73 total population and 2.89 (95%CI 1.64 to 5.11) for symptomatic patients.ConclusionsOur data support the implementation of referral pathways that direct patients to HVCs performing both surgery and transcatheter interventions.Trial registration numberNCT03112629.
Mechanism analysis of double helical balance drum to improve axial force of multistage pump
Authors: Qian Chen , Yang Li Huan , Qi Zhi Peng , Yang Cong Xin , Niu Chen Hui 
Published: January 2023

In the case of high pressure, the size of the multistage pump axial force sometimes reaches hundreds of tons, the seriousness of the problem generated by excessive axial force has surpassed the efficiency, wear and other factors, and has become a decisive factor in the stable operation of multistage pumps. In this paper, the 11-stage double-case multistage pump is taken as the research object. On the basis of studying the clearance internal flow mechanism, according to the pressure difference equation of axial motion of clearance fluid, the main factors affecting the balance force of the balance drum are analyzed, and a new type of balance drum — “double helical balance drum” is proposed, which is compared with the smooth balance drum in the hydraulic performance and axial force performance. The research shows that with the increase of the axial displacement of the balance clearance, the pressure drop between the clearances decreases linearly. Compared with the smooth balance drum, the pressure drop at the inlet and outlet of the helical balance drum is 1.30 times that of the smooth balance drum under the design flow rate condition, the mean velocity, mean velocity curl and velocity coefficient of the double helical balance drum increase, indicating that adding double helix can increase the dynamic pressure ratio of clearance fluid. In addition, the test results show that the head and efficiency of the double helical balance drum of multistage pump is increased by 0.76% and 1.1%, respectively, compared with the smooth balance drum, and the vibration amplitude of the front and rear bearing is reduced by 3.36%, 0.76% and 1.75% on average along the axial, radial and tangential direction. In addition, the temperature of the front and rear bearing is reduced by 3.1% and 8.7%, respectively, indicating that the double helical balance drum can effectively improve the hydraulic performance and axial force performance of the multistage pump at design operating point. The results of the study can provide reference for the long-cycle stable operation of multistage pumps and the optimization of balance drum design.
Accommodating multiple potential normalizations in microbiome associations studies
Authors: Song Hoseung , Ling Wodan , Zhao Ni , Plantinga Anna M. , Broedlow Courtney A. , Klatt Nichole R. , Hensley-McBain Tiffany , Wu Michael C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicrobial communities are known to be closely related to many diseases, such as obesity and HIV, and it is of interest to identify differentially abundant microbial species between two or more environments. Since the abundances or counts of microbial species usually have different scales and suffer from zero-inflation or over-dispersion, normalization is a critical step before conducting differential abundance analysis. Several normalization approaches have been proposed, but it is difficult to optimize the characterization of the true relationship between taxa and interesting outcomes. ResultsTo avoid the challenge of picking an optimal normalization and accommodate the advantages of several normalization strategies, we propose an omnibus approach. Our approach is based on a Cauchy combination test, which is flexible and powerful by aggregating individualpvalues. We also consider a truncated test statistic to prevent substantial power loss. We experiment with a basic linear regression model as well as recently proposed powerful association tests for microbiome data and compare the performance of the omnibus approach with individual normalization approaches. Experimental results show that, regardless of simulation settings, the new approach exhibits power that is close to the best normalization strategy, while controling the type I error well. ConclusionsThe proposed omnibus test releases researchers from choosing among various normalization methods and it is an aggregated method that provides the powerful result to the underlying optimal normalization, which requires tedious trial and error. While the power may not exceed the best normalization, it is always much better than using a poor choice of normalization.
Transcriptional networks orchestrating red and pink testa color in peanut
Authors: Ahmad Naveed , Zhang Kun , Ma Jing , Yuan Mei , Zhao Shuzhen , Wang Mingqing , Deng Li , Ren Li , Gangurde Sunil S. , Pan Jiaowen , Ma Changle , Li Changsheng , Guo Baozhu , Wang Xingjun , Li Aiqin , Zhao Chuanzhi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Testa color is an important trait of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) which is closely related with the nutritional and commercial value. Pink and red are main color of peanut testa. However, the genetic mechanism of testa color regulation in peanut is not fully understood. To elucidate a clear picture of peanut testa regulatory model, samples of pink cultivar (Y9102), red cultivar (ZH12), and two RNA pools (bulk red and bulk pink) constructed from F4 lines of Y9102 x ZH12 were compared through a bulk RNA-seq approach.

Results
A total of 2992 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among which 317 and 1334 were up-regulated and 225 and 1116 were down-regulated in the bulk red-vs-bulk pink RNA pools and Y9102-vs-ZH12, respectively. KEGG analysis indicates that these genes were divided into significantly enriched metabolic pathways including phenylpropanoid, flavonoid/anthocyanin, isoflavonoid and lignin biosynthetic pathways. Notably, the expression of the anthocyanin upstream regulatory genes PAL, CHS, and CHI was upregulated in pink and red testa peanuts, indicating that their regulation may occur before to the advent of testa pigmentation. However, the differential expression of down-stream regulatory genes including F3H, DFR, and ANS revealed that deepening of testa color not only depends on their gene expression bias, but also linked with FLS inhibition. In addition, the down-regulation of HCT, IFS, HID, 7-IOMT, and I2’H genes provided an alternative mechanism for promoting anthocyanin accumulation via perturbation of lignin and isoflavone pathways. Furthermore, the co-expression module of MYB, bHLH, and WRKY transcription factors also suggested a fascinating transcriptional activation complex, where MYB-bHLH could utilize WRKY as a co-option during the testa color regulation by augmenting anthocyanin biosynthesis in peanut.

Conclusions
These findings reveal candidate functional genes and potential strategies for the manipulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis to improve peanut varieties with desirable testa color.
Genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analysis of the cyclin-dependent kinase gene family in peanut
Authors: S Gokul Babu , Gohil Deependra Singh , Roy Choudhury Swarup 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are a predominant group of serine/threonine protein kinases that have multi-faceted functions in eukaryotes. The plant CDK members have well-known roles in cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, DNA repair, abiotic stress and defense responses, making them promising targets for developing stress adaptable high-yielding crops. There is relatively sparse information available on the CDK family genes of cultivated oilseed crop peanut and its diploid progenitors.

Results
We have identified 52 putative cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and CDK-like (CDKLs) genes in Arachis hypogaea (cultivated peanut) and total 26 genes in each diploid parent of cultivated peanut (Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis). Both CDK and CDKL genes were classified into eight groups based on their cyclin binding motifs and their phylogenetic relationship with Arabidopsis counterparts. Genes in the same subgroup displayed similar exon–intron structure and conserved motifs. Further, gene duplication analysis suggested that segmental duplication events played major roles in the expansion and evolution of CDK and CDKL genes in cultivated peanuts. Identification of diverse cis-acting response elements in CDK and CDKL genes promoter indicated their potential fundamental roles in multiple biological processes. Various gene expression patterns of CDKs and CDKLs in different peanut tissues suggested their involvement during growth and development. In addition, qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that most representing CDK and CDKL gene family members were significantly down-regulated under ABA, PEG and mannitol treatments.

Conclusions
Genome-wide analysis offers a comprehensive understanding of the classification, evolution, gene structure, and gene expression profiles of CDK and CDKL genes in cultivated peanut and their diploid progenitors. Additionally, it also provides cell cycle regulatory gene resources for further functional characterization to enhance growth, development and abiotic stress tolerance.
Effects of the establishment of trauma centres on the mortality rate among seriously injured patients: a propensity score matching retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Qiangping , Huang Haijin , Zheng Linhui , Chen Haiming , Zeng Yuanlin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Little evidence suggests that trauma centres are associated with a lower risk of mortality in severely injured patients (Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥16) with multiple injuries in China. The objective of this study was to determine the association between the establishment of trauma centres and mortality among severely injured patients with multiple injuries and to identify some risk factors associated with mortality.

Methods
A retrospective single-centre study was performed including trauma patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (FAHNU) between January 2016 and December 2021. To determine whether the establishment of a trauma centre was an independent predictor of mortality, logistic regression analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed.

Results
Among 431 trauma patients, 172 were enrolled before the trauma centre was built, while 259 were included after the trauma centre was built. A higher frequency of older age and traffic accident injury was found in patients diagnosed after the trauma centre was built. The times for the completion of CT examinations, emergency operations and blood transfusions in the “after trauma centre” group were shorter than those in the “before trauma centre” group. However, the total expenditure of patients was increased. In the overall group, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that a higher ISS was an independent predictor for worse mortality (OR = 17.859, 95% CI, 8.207–38.86, P < 0.001), while the establishment of a trauma centre was favourable for patient survival (OR = 0.492), which was also demonstrated by PSM. After determining the cut-off value of time for the completion of CT examination, emergency operation and blood transfusion, we found that the values were within the “golden one hour”, and it was better for patients when the time was less than the cut-off value.

Conclusion
Our study showed that for severely injured patients, the establishment of a trauma centre was favourable for a lower mortality rate. Furthermore, the completion of a CT examination, emergency surgery and blood transfusion in a timely manner and a lower ISS were associated with a decreased mortality rate.
Competency lists for urban general practitioners/family physicians using the modified Delphi method
Authors: Mitsuyama Toshichika , Son Daisuke , Eto Masato , Kikukawa Makoto 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent years, the growing global urbanization and urban population have resulted in the emergence of various health problems unique to urban areas. Therefore, training general practitioners and family physicians who can tackle the complex health problems of urban areas and improve the health of urban people is one of the most important issues of our time. However, findings on competencies for urban general practitioners (GP) and family physicians (FP) were limited. This study aimed to identify their comprehensive and content-validated list of competencies.

Methods
We used the modified Delphi method to develop a content-validated competency list. First, we analyzed and synthesized the competencies extracted from the literature review using qualitative thematic analysis methods to create an initial competency list of 34 items. We then assembled 39 expert panelists in four groups of study participants: physicians, nurses, patients, and medical education specialists. The expert panelists were asked to indicate their level of agreement with the lists and provide revised comments on the description of each competency via a web-based questionnaire. Their responses were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by the research team and used to revise the list. These processes were repeated, and the survey was completed when it was determined that consensus had been reached.

Results
Three rounds of Delphi were conducted. 39 responded in the first round, 38 in the second round, and 36 in the third round. The initial list of competencies was revised and consolidated from 34 to 14 items in the first round, bringing the total to 20 items along with six new items proposed by the panelists. In the second round, it was revised and consolidated into a list of 18 items. In the third round, all 18 items were considered to have been agreed upon by the panelists, so the survey was closed.

Conclusion
We identified a comprehensive 18-item list of competencies for urban GP/FP in a content-validated manner. Several are newly discovered competencies in this study. The findings of this study will be useful for the future training of urban GP/FP and for solving urban health problems.
Correlation of cytomegalovirus viral load between whole blood and plasma of congenital cytomegalovirus infection under valganciclovir treatment
Authors: Torii Yuka , Morioka Ichiro , Kakei Yasumasa , Fujioka Kazumichi , Kakimoto Yu , Takahashi Naoto , Yoshikawa Tetsushi , Moriuchi Hiroyuki , Oka Akira , Ito Yoshinori 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (cCMV) can cause sensorineural hearing loss and neurodevelopmental disabilities in children. Oral valganciclovir (VGCV) therapy has been reported to improve long-term audiological and neurodevelopmental outcomes in patients with cCMV. The levels of CMV DNA in whole blood have been monitored in previous studies. However, quantitative methods using whole blood have not been standardized. Recently, the plasma viral load has been standardized and widely used in CMV-associated diseases.

Methods
CMV viral loads in whole blood and plasma were serially measured in 24 patients with a confirmatory diagnosis of cCMV during oral VGCV therapy using an in-house real-time PCR assay. Plasma samples were assayed using the Cobas 6800 system (Roche Diagnostics) in addition to an in-house assay.

Results
Plasma CMV viral loads were remarkably decreased at the end of therapy compared to before therapy. A significant correlation of CMV levels between whole blood and plasma was observed (Spearman’s ρ = 0.566). The levels of CMV DNA before therapy were significantly correlated with the period of decreasing the viral loads to below the detection limit, not only in whole blood (Spearman’s ρ = 0.901) but also in plasma (Spearman, ρ = 0.804). Finally, CMV viral loads between the in-house assay and commercially available standardized assay in 75 plasma samples with positive PCR results for CMV were compared; a significant correlation was observed between the results of both assays.

Conclusions
There was a significant correlation between the two assays (Spearman, ρ = 0.882), suggesting that CMV plasma viral loads measured by the standardized assay are widely used to monitor the levels of CMV DNA in patients with cCMV during oral VGCV therapy.