bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver transplantation for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: a retrospective analysis from Chinese experience
Authors: Zhan Hao-Su , Wei Lin , Qu Wei , Zeng Zhi-Gui , Liu Ying , Tan Yu-Le , Wang Jun , Zhang Liang , He En-Hui , Zhou Guang-Peng , Zhang Hai-Ming , Zhu Zhi-Jun , Sun Li-Ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH) increases risk of premature cardiovascular events and cardiac death. In severe cases of HoFH, clinical signs and symptoms cannot be controlled well by non-surgical treatments, liver transplantation (LT) currently represents the viable option.

Method
To assess the clinical efficacy, prognosis, and optimal timing of LT for HoFH, a retrospective analysis was conducted on the preoperative, surgical conditions, and postoperative follow-up of children who received an LT for HoFH at the Beijing Friendship Hospital over the period from December 2014 to August 2022.

Results
Xanthoma and decreased activity tolerance were the primary clinical manifestations in the 7 HoFH children initially assessed (one child died suddenly prior to surgery due to cardiac arrest). Accompanying these symptoms were increased blood total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, along with severe cardiovascular diseases. HoFH was confirmed in all cases by genetic and biochemical assays. Initial treatments administered to these patients consisted of low-fat diets and lipid-lowering drugs with poor outcomes. Accordingly, all 6 patients received orthotopic liver transplantations (OLT), with the result that significant postoperative reductions were observed in levels of TC and LDL. The median follow-up of these six cases was 37.41 months (range: 19.40–94.10 months). Regular postoperative follow-ups revealed that all survived and showed significant improvements in their clinical symptoms.

Conclusion
So far, LT is the only way to heal HoFH. LT before the appearance of obvious cardiovascular atherosclerotic lesions can significantly improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients. At the same time, the blood cholesterol level of patients should be continuously monitored after LT to further control the progression of vascular complications.
The rise of weekly insulins: addressing the challenges of type 2 diabetes care in Brazil
Authors: Daher Vianna André Gustavo , Alves Daniely Freitas , Assmann Taís Silveira , Réa Rosângela Roginski 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a global health concern with a rising prevalence, particularly in Brazil. Insulin therapy plays a crucial role in managing T2D, helping to maintain glucose and energy homeostasis. Moreover, early initiation of insulin is crucial for hyperglycemic control and prevention of chronic complications. Clinical guidelines recommend initiating insulin when other treatments fail. However, several barriers may delay its initiation, contributing to therapeutic inertia and patients’ non-adherence. These barriers include fear of hypoglycemia, lack of adherence, the need for glucose monitoring, the injection method of insulin administration, social rejection associated with the stigma of injections, fear of weight gain, a sense of therapeutic failure at initiation, and lack of experience among some healthcare professionals.

Main body of the abstract
: In this context, the development of once-weekly insulin formulations could improve initial acceptance, adherence, treatment satisfaction, and consequently, the quality of life for patients. Currently, two once-weekly insulin treatments, insulin icodec and efsitora alfa, have shown promise in clinical trials, demonstrating efficacy and safety profiles similar or better than those of daily insulin therapies.

Short conclusion
These once-weekly insulins have the potential to emerge as landmark achievements in the evolution of insulin therapy. This narrative review aims to evaluate the role of weekly insulins in managing T2D, providing insights into the potential benefits, challenges, and opportunities associated with a new weekly insulin therapy, specially within the Brazilian context.
Construction and characterization of chimeric FcγR T cells for universal T cell therapy
Authors: Zhao Juanjuan , Chen Manling , Li Xudong , Chen Zhaoqi , Li Wei , Guo Rongqun , Wang Min , Jiang Zhongxing , Song Yongping , Wang Jianxiang , Liu Delong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Several approaches are being explored for engineering off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. In this study, we engineered chimeric Fcγ receptor (FcγR) T cells and tested their potential as a versatile platform for universal T cell therapy.

Methods
Chimeric FcγR (CFR) constructs were generated using three distinct forms of FcγR, namely CD16A, CD32A, and CD64. The functionality of CFR T cells was evaluated through degranulation assays, specific target lysis experiments, in vitro cytokine production analysis, and assessment of tumor xenograft destruction specificity in mouse models using different monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs).

Results
Three types of CFR T cells were engineered, 16s3, 32-8a, 64-8a CFR T cells. In the presence of rituximab (RTX), cytotoxicity of all three types of CFR T cells against CD20+ Raji-wt, K562-CD20+, and primary tumor cells was significantly higher than that of the mock T cells (P < 0.001). When herceptin was used, all three types of CFR T cells exhibited significant cytotoxicity against HER2+ cell lines of SK-BR-3, SK-OV-3, and HCC1954 (P < 0.001). The cytotoxicity of 64-8a CFR T cells was significantly inhibited by free human IgG at a physiological dose (P < 0.001), which was not observed in 16s3, 32-8a CFR T cells. Compared to 32-8a CFR T cells, 16s3 CFR T cells exhibited more prolonged cytotoxicity than 32-8a CFR T cells (P < 0.01). In in vivo assays using xenograft models, 16s3 CFR T cells significantly prolonged the survival of mice xenografted with Raji-wt cells in the presence of RTX (P < 0.001), and effectively reduced tumor burden in mice xenografted with SK-OV-3 cells in the presence of herceptin (P < 0.05). No significant non-specific cytotoxicity of CFR T cells was found in vivo.

Conclusion
The anti-tumor effects of the CFR T cells in vitro and in xenograft mouse models are mediated by specific MoAbs such as RTX and herceptin. The CFR T cells therefore have the features of universal T cells with specificity directed by MoAbs. 16s3 CFR T cells are chosen for clinical trials.
Dispersion, fragmentation, abrasion, and organism attachment of drift pumice from the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba eruption in Japan
Authors: Ishimura Daisuke , Hiramine Reona 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In August 13, 2021, the submarine volcano Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba (FOB) erupted and produced massive drift pumice in the western Pacific Ocean off Japan for the first time in ~ 35 years. Although drift pumice plays a crucial role in the dispersion of marine organisms, it can damage infrastructure and disrupt maritime traffic. However, observational data are limited for investigating the dispersion of drift pumice and its temporal changes. In this study, we present a 1-year record of the mass, size, shape, and attached marine organisms of drift pumice from the 2021 FOB eruption. We found that the mass and size of the drift pumice decreased gradually over time. Their shape became rounded after 2 months on the sea surface. Finally, the number and types of attached organisms increased dramatically after 7 months. Based on the changes in these parameters, we divided the 1-year record into three phases that describe the general processes for the dispersion, fragmentation, and abrasion of drift pumice and the transportation of marine organisms. In particular, the degree of pumice concentration in the raft was found to be important for discussing the change of pumice shape at sea and attachment of marine organisms. An additional floating experiment was performed to clarify the very long-term floating of drift pumice from the FOB eruption. Our large dataset offers new findings and quantitative and reproducible data that supplement previous studies and provide insight into the behavior of drift pumice for use in future numerical simulations and to aid in preparing for hazards related to drift pumice.
Are rare earth stocks efficient? Novel insights using asymmetric MF-DFA
Authors: Wan Pengbo , Mujtaba Ghulam , Ashfaq Saira , Liangrong Song , Nasir Rana Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the weak-form efficiency and asymmetric multifractal scaling behavior of rare earth stock indices in the global, U.S. and Chinese markets during the trade war and the COVID-19 period. We examine the scaling behavior across overall, upward (bullish), and downward (bearish) market states from 2013 to 2021, employing an asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis approach. Our findings indicate asymmetric multifractality in U.S. rare earth stock prices, caused by fat tails and long-range correlations. Weak-form price inefficiency and asymmetry in U.S. rare earth stock prices are prominent during market downturns, such as the trade war and COVID-19 periods. Chinese rare earth stocks demonstrate greater efficiency than U.S. and global stocks; thus, the latter markets provide arbitrage opportunities during upward and downward trends.
Regulatory roles of eugenol in paraquat-altered SNCA/LZTS3/MAPT in the cerebellum of Wistar rats
Authors: Uchewa Obinna Onwe , Ibegbu Augustine Oseloka , Okafor Samuel Okoronkwo , Nwafor Joseph Alo , Egwu Ogugua Augustine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The Microtubules-associated protein tau (MAPT), alpha-synuclein (SNCA), and leucine zipper tumor suppressor 3 (LZTS3) genes are implicated in neurodegeneration and tumor suppression, respectively. This study investigated the regulatory roles of eugenol on paraquat-altered genes.

Results
Forty male Wistar rats divided into five groups of eight rats were used. The control group received normal saline; the Paraquat (PQ)-untreated group received only Paraquat. The low dose of eugenol was 200 mg/kg, the medium dose of eugenol was 400 mg/kg, and the high dose of eugenol was 600 mg/kg. All groups except the control group received 10 mg/kg of PQ orally for 14 days at one-day intervals, allowing PQ in the rats for 28 days. Eugenol treatment started on the 29th and lasted 14 days. Motor impairments were determined using wire string and beam-walk; biomarkers were estimated using cerebellar homogenates, while frozen cerebellum was used to study LZTS3, MAPT, and SNCA gene expression. LZTS3 was significantly suppressed in the PQ-untreated group and highly expressed in the eugenol-treated group. The MAPT and SNCA genes were overexpressed in the PQ-untreated group compared to the control group. Eugenol significantly decreased the expression of these genes compared to that in the PQ-untreated group. Antioxidants were reduced considerably, and oxidative stress markers were increased significantly, which could have caused increased protein fibrillation and reduced limb functionality. Histology revealed that eugenol mitigated the alterations caused by Paraquat.

Conclusions
PQ can enhance tumor expression in addition to causing neurotoxicity, which decreases limb functionality, while eugenol, an antioxidant, can mitigate the effects of PQ.
Gender differences in the influencing factors of violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Qiu Xiaolei , Wen Lu , Jiang Wenqi , Zhang Rongrong , Mao Hongjun , Xie Shiping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
In this study, we investigated the gender differences in the influencing factors of violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
About 519 patients were evaluated using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A regression analysis model was used to investigate the gender-related factors that influence violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia. We also investigated gender differences in cognitive function among schizophrenia patients exhibiting violent behavior.

Results
We found that male patients are more likely to engage in violent behavior than female patients (57.28 vs. 46.80%). Previous risk behaviors, police-assisted admission, and education were independently associated with violent behavior among male patients, whereas previous risk behaviors, police-assisted admission, and employment status were independently associated with violent behavior among female patients. Moreover, significant differences were found in immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional, language, delayed memory, and total RBANS scores between the violent and non-violent groups among female patients. Prominent differences were found between the two groups in terms of immediate memory and total RBANS scores among males.

Conclusion
These findings suggested that there are gender differences in the influencing factors and cognition of violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia.
Redo mitral valve replacement with annular reconstruction of left atrial dissection following mitral valve replacement for infective endocarditis: a case report
Authors: Tada Hiroki , Yokoyama Junya , Otani Akinobu , Kin Keiwa , Shirakawa Yukitoshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Left atrial dissection is a rare and occasionally fatal complication of cardiac surgery and is defined as the creation of a false chamber through a tear in the mitral valve annulus extending into the left atrial wall. Some patients are asymptomatic, while others present with various symptoms, such as chest pain, dyspnea, and even cardiac arrest. Although there is no established management for left atrial dissection, surgery should be considered in patients with hemodynamic disruption. Herein, we report a case of left atrial dissection managed using redo mitral valve replacement (MVR) with annular reconstruction.

Case presentation
A 60-year-old man presented to our hospital with bilateral lower-extremity purpura and cognitive decline. Blood tests showed an elevated inflammatory response, and blood culture revealed Streptococcus mitis. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) revealed severe mitral regurgitation with vegetation on both the anterior and posterior leaflets, and infective endocarditis was diagnosed. We performed minimally invasive cardiac surgery-MVR through a right mini thoracotomy using Epic mitral valve 29 mm (Abbott Laboratories, Green Oaks, IL, USA). On postoperative day (POD) 2, the patient was discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU). On POD 3, sudden cardiac arrest occurred; we started cardiopulmonary resuscitation and urgently inserted a peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) cannula. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed extravasation from the posterior wall of the left atrium. Therefore, we performed an emergency median sternotomy, controlled the bleeding from the posterior wall of the left atrium, and returned the patient to the ICU with gauze packing under VA-ECMO. Two days later, when the gauze was removed, TEE revealed a false lumen on the left atrial wall, and left atrial dissection was diagnosed. Accordingly, we performed annular reconstruction with bovine pericardium to close the entry point and, in succession, redo MVR with a bioprosthetic Epic mitral valve 27 mm. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was transferred to a rehabilitation hospital on POD 74.

Conclusion
We report a case of left atrial dissection following MVR. The complex lesion was successfully repaired using redo MVR with annular reconstruction.
GLP-1 and the Neurobiology of Eating Control: Recent Advances
Authors: Jones Lauren A , Brierley Daniel I 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Obesity is now considered a chronic relapsing progressive disease, associated with increased all-cause mortality that scales with body weight, affecting more than 1 billion people worldwide. Excess body fat is strongly associated with excess energy intake, and most successful anti-obesity medications (AOMs) counter this positive energy balance through the suppression of eating to drive weight loss. Historically, AOMs have been characterized by modest weight loss and side effects which are compliance-limiting, and in some cases life-threatening. However, the field of obesity pharmacotherapy has now entered a new era of AOMs based on analogues of the gut hormone and neuropeptide glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The latest versions of these drugs elicit unprecedented levels of weight loss in clinical trials, which are now starting to be substantiated in real-world usage. Notably, these drugs reduce weight primarily by reducing energy intake, via activation of the GLP-1 receptor on multiple sites of action primarily in the central nervous system, although the most relevant sites of action, and the neural circuits recruited remain contentious. Here we provide a targeted synthesis of recent developments in the field of GLP-1 neurobiology, highlighting studies which have advanced our understanding of how GLP-1 signaling modulates eating, and identify open questions and future challenges we believe still need to be addressed to aid the prevention and/or treatment of obesity.
Effect of Resistance Training Load on Metabolism During Exercise
Authors: McCarthy Seth F. , Bornath Derek P.D. , Murtaza Mustafa , Ormond Sion C. , Hazell Tom J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
McCarthy, SF, Bornath, DPD, Murtaza, M, Ormond, SC, and Hazell, TJ. Effect of resistance training load on metabolism during exercise. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—The effect of resistance training (RT) load on energy expenditure during exercise is unclear as most studies match low-load and high-load RT based on volume or total repetitions and matching volume can attenuate benefits of low-load protocols. This study explored the effect of whole-body low-load and high-load RT completed to volitional fatigue (not volume or repetition matched) on metabolism during exercise. Eleven resistance-trained adults (22 ± 2 years, 3 F) completed 3 experimental sessions: (a) no-exercise control (CTRL); (b) RT at 30% 1 repetition maximum (1RM; 30%); and (c) RT at 90% 1RM (90%) with oxygen consumption (

o
2) and heart rate measured continuously. The RT sessions consisted of 3 sets of back squats, bench press, straight-leg deadlift, military press, and bent-over rows to volitional fatigue completed sequentially with 90 seconds rest between sets and exercises. Changes were considered important if p < 0.100 with a greater than medium effect size. There were main effects of session for relative and absolute

o
2 (L·min−1; p < 0.001,

> 0.935), both 30 and 90% were greater than CTRL (p < 0.001, d > 4.33) with no differences between RT protocols (p > 0.999, d = 0.28). There was a main effect of session for total O2 consumed (L; p < 0.001,

> 0.901), both RT sessions were greater than CTRL (p < 0.001, d > 3.08), and 30% was greater than 90% (p = 0.002, d = 1.75). Taken together these data suggest that RT load does not affect metabolism during exercise when completing whole-body exercises to volitional fatigue, though lower loads may result in longer session duration generating a greater total amount of O2 consumed simply because of the extended duration.
Body Composition Changes over a Collegiate Playing Career in NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Players
Authors: Tinsley Grant M. , Meyer Mary K. , Ptak Sarah M. , Yu Daniel , Provost Jessica A. , Hansen Natasha J. , Carbuhn Aaron F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tinsley, GM, Meyer, MK, Ptak, SM, Yu, D, Provost, JA, Hansen, NJ, and Carbuhn, AF. Body composition changes over a collegiate playing career in NCAA Division I women’s soccer players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—Although body composition is known to influence success in organized sport, the longitudinal body composition changes produced by sport specialization are not well characterized for women's soccer. To address this need, this study reports the body composition changes of NCAA Division I women's soccer players over their entire collegiate playing career. Serial dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were performed throughout players' involvement in collegiate women's soccer. Analyses of all players with multiple DXA scans (n = 80) and players with ≥3 years of DXA data (n = 17) were performed using linear mixed-effects models that included effects of time, playing position, game minutes, and interactions. In all athletes (n = 80; 2.1 ± 1.2 years of participation), significant increases in bone mass (1.4%), total lean mass (1.7%), and fat-free mass index (0.3 kg·m−2) occurred. These changes coincided with increased arm and leg bone mass, increased lean mass in all regions, and decreased body fat percentage and leg fat mass. In athletes with ≥3 years of collegiate data (n = 17; 3.5 ± 0.4 years of participation), larger increases in bone mass (3.0%), bone mineral density (2.2%), total lean mass (2.5%), fat-free mass index (0.4 kg·m−2), and segmental bone and lean mass were observed. Larger decreases in body fat percentage and leg fat mass were also noted. Although playing position was related to body composition characteristics, changes in outcomes were generally unrelated to position or game minutes. In summary, beneficial changes in multiple aspects of body composition were observed over years of participation in a collegiate women's soccer program.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ОСТРОГО ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ ЛЕГКИХ МЫШЕЙ ПУТЕМ ИНГАЛЯЦИИ АЭРОЗОЛЯ ЛИПОПОЛИСАХАРИДА ИЗ КЛЕТОК SALMONELLA TYPHI
Authors: ЖУКОВА Н.А. , БАКЛАНОВ А.М. , СТЕКЛЕНЕВА М.Е. , АНЬКОВ С.В. , ТОЛСТИКОВА Т.Г. , ВАЛИУЛИН С.В. 
Published: January 2025

Выполнено экспериментальное моделирование острого воспаления в легких у мышей путем ингаляции аэрозоля липополисахарида из микробной клетки Salmonella typhi. Показано, что после ингаляционного аэрозольного введения в течение 60 мин липополисахарида (размер частиц 1.1±0.1 мкм) в дозе 5.3 мкг/кг на (5-7)-е сутки наблюдается выраженное гемодинамическое и эмфизематозное обратимое изменение в легких, характерное для острого воспаления легких.
Experimental acute lung inflammation in mice was modelled by inhalation of lipopolysaccharide aerosol from a Salmonella typhi microbial cell. It has been shown that inhalation aerosol administration of lipopolysaccharide (particle size 1.1±0.1 µm) for 60 min at a dose of 5.3 µg/kg leads to a pronounced haemodynamic and emphysematous reversible change in the lungs after 5-7 days, which is characteristic of acute lung inflammation.
ЛАЗЕРНЫЙ ПИРОЛИЗ ВЫСОКОМЕТАМОРФИЗОВАННЫХ УГЛЕЙ
Authors: АДУЕВ Б.П. , ВОЛКОВ В.Д. , НЕЛЮБИНА Н.В. 
Published: January 2025

Проведены исследования газообразных продуктов пиролиза таблетированных образцов микрочастиц углей марок К (коксовый) и А (антрацит) при воздействии импульсно-периодического лазерного излучения (параметры излучения: 532 нм, 10 нс, 6 Гц, 0.2-0.6 Дж/см2) в среде аргона. Показано, что концентрация газообразных продуктов возрастает по экспоненциальному закону с увеличением плотности энергии лазерного излучения. Превышение критического значения плотности энергии излучения (Hcr = 0.18 и 0.26 Дж/см2 для углей марок К и А соответственно) приводит к абляции угольных образцов. Масса продуктов абляции возрастает с увеличением плотности энергии лазерного излучения по линейному закону.
Gaseous products formed in the pyrolysis of samples composed of the tableted K (coking) and A (anthracite) coal microparticles under the action of pulse-periodic laser radiation (with the parameters: 532 nm, 10 ns, 6 Hz, 0.2-0.6 J/cm2) in the argon environment have been studied. It is shown that the concentration of gaseous products increases exponentially with an increase in the laser radiation energy density. Exceeding the critical radiation energy density values ( H cr = 0.18 and 0.26 J/cm2 for K and A coal ranks, respectively) leads to ablation of coal samples.