bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of adipokinetic hormones and their receptors in Blattodea reveals novel patterns of gene evolution
Authors: Jiang Shixiong , Marco Heather G. , Scheich Nina , He Shulin , Wang Zongqing , Gäde Gerd , McMahon Dino P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdipokinetic hormone (AKH) is a neuropeptide produced in the insect corpora cardiaca that plays an essential role in mobilising carbohydrates and lipids from the fat body to the haemolymph. AKH acts by binding to a rhodopsin‐like G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR), the adipokinetic hormone receptor (AKHR). In this study, we tackle AKH ligand and receptor gene evolution as well as the evolutionary origins of AKH gene paralogues from the order Blattodea (termites and cockroaches). Phylogenetic analyses of AKH precursor sequences point to an ancient AKH gene duplication event in the common ancestor of Blaberoidea, yielding a new group of putative decapeptides. In total, 16 different AKH peptides from 90 species were obtained. Two octapeptides and seven putatively novel decapeptides are predicted for the first time. AKH receptor sequences from 18 species, spanning solitary cockroaches and subsocial wood roaches as well as lower and higher termites, were subsequently acquired using classical molecular methods and in silico approaches employing transcriptomic data. Aligned AKHR open reading frames revealed 7 highly conserved transmembrane regions, a typical arrangement for GPCRs. Phylogenetic analyses based on AKHR sequences support accepted relationships among termite, subsocial (Cryptocercus spp.) and solitary cockroach lineages to a large extent, while putative post‐translational modification sites do not greatly differ between solitary and subsocial roaches and social termites. Our study provides important information not only for AKH and AKHR functional research but also for further analyses interested in their development as potential candidates for biorational pest control agents against invasive termites and cockroaches.
Diagnostic value of procalcitonin and red blood cell distribution width at admission on the prognosis of patients with severe burns: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Tang Xu‐Dong , Qiu Le , Wang Fei , Liu Sheng , Lü Xiong‐Wen , Chen Xu‐Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe plasma procalcitonin (PCT) concentration and red blood cell distribution (RDW) value after severe burns can be used as prognostic indicators, but at present, it is difficult to give consideration to sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing the prognosis of severe burns with a single indicator. This study analysed the diagnostic value of plasma PCT concentration and RDW value at admission on the prognosis of severe burn patients to improve its sensitivity and specificity. A total of 205 patients with severe burns who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from November 2017 to November 2022 were retrospectively analysed. The optimal cut‐off values of plasma PCT concentration and RDW were analysed and counted through the subject curve (ROC curve). According to the cut‐off value, patients were divided into high PCT group and low PCT group, high RDW group and low RDW group. The independent risk factors of severe burns were analysed by single‐factor and multiple‐factor COX regression. Kaplan–Meier survival was used to analyse the mortality of high PCT group and low PCT group, high RDW group and low RDW group. The area under the curve of plasma PCT concentration and RDW value at admission was 0.761 (95% CI, 0.662–0.860, P < .001), 0.687 (95% CI, 0.554–0.820, P = .003) respectively, and the optimal cut‐off values of serum PCT concentration and RDW were 2.775 ng/mL and 14.55% respectively. Cox regression analysis found that age, TBSA, and RDW were independent risk factors for mortality within 90 days after severe burns. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the 90‐day mortality rate of severe burns between the PCT ≥ 2.775 ng/mL group and the PCT < 2.775 ng/mL group (log‐rank: 24.162; P < .001), with the mortality rate of 36.84% versus 5.49%, respectively. The 90‐day mortality rate of severe burns was significantly different between the RDW ≥ 14.55% group and the RDW < 14.55% group (log‐rank: 14.404; P < .001), with the mortality rate of 44% versus 12.2% respectively. The plasma PCT concentration and RDW value at admission are both of diagnostic value for the 90‐day mortality of severe burns, but the plasma PCT concentration has higher sensitivity and the RDW value has higher specificity. Age, TBSA, and RDW were independent risk factors for severe burns, and then plasma PCT concentration was not independent risk factors.
RETRACTED: Effect of various repositioning regimens on pressure wound ulcer occurrence in at‐risk adult persons without existing pressure wound ulcers: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zeng Mei , Li Yuan , Hu Juan , Peng Miao , Hu Yingchun , Zhou Chengli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMeta‐analysis research was implemented to appraise the effect of various repositioning regimens (RRs) on pressure wound ulcer (PWU) occurrence in at‐risk adult persons without existing PWUs. Inclusive literature research till April 2023 was done and 1197 interconnected researches were revised. The 15 picked researches, enclosed 8510 at‐risk adult persons without existing PWUs persons were in the utilised researchers' starting point, 1002 of them were utilising repositioning, 1069 were control, 3443 were utilising 2–<4 h repositioning and 2994 were utilising 4–6 h repositioning. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilised to appraise the consequence of various RRs on PWU occurrence in at‐risk adult persons without existing PWUs by the dichotomous approach and a fixed or random model. Repositioning had significantly lower PWU (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32–0.73, p < 0.001) compared to control in at‐risk adult persons without existing PWUs persons. 2–<4 h repositioning had significantly lower PWU (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.42–0.90, p = 0.01) compared to 4–6 h repositioning in at‐risk adult persons without existing PWUs persons. Repositioning had significantly lower PWU compared to control in at‐risk adult persons without existing PWU persons. 2–<4 h repositioning had significantly lower PWU compared to 4–6 h repositioning in at‐risk adult persons without existing PWUs persons. However, caution needs to be taken when interacting with its values since there was a low sample size of some of the chosen research found for the comparisons in the meta‐analysis.
Characteristics of intraoral scan bodies and their influence on impression accuracy: A systematic review
Authors: Pachiou Aspasia , Zervou Evangelia , Tsirogiannis Panagiotis , Sykaras Nikitas , Tortopidis Dimitrios , Kourtis Stefanos 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the influence of the characteristics of intraoral scan bodies (ISBs) on the accuracy of intraoral scanning.Materials and MethodsAn electronic search was conducted through PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus and Cochrane Library, up to March 2023. The literature search intended to retrieve all relevant clinical and in vitro studies about the effect that the various properties of ISBs may have on the accuracy (trueness and precision) of intraoral scanning. Only publications in English language were selected with animal studies, case reports, case series, technique presentation articles and expert opinions being excluded.ResultsA total of 28 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. They were published between 2019 and 2023 and were all in vitro studies. Among the parameters described, the scan body material, position, geometry, height, diameter, and fixation torque were evaluated. The most common materials used for ISBs were polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and titanium alloys. The diameter and position of ISBs seemed to affect the trueness of implant impressions. Subgingival implant position and decreased ISB height affected negatively the trueness of scanning. Geometrical characteristics of ISBs also affect the implant impression accuracy, especially the bevel location and the types of designing modifications.ConclusionsThe characteristics of the currently used ISBs vary widely and the available scientific evidence is not yet conclusive about the optimal design of ISB. The implant impression accuracy achieved by any of the studied parameters is encouraging. Clinical studies are however necessary for more concrete conclusions.Clinical SignificanceISBs play a vital role in the digital workflow and influence significantly the accuracy and fit of implant restorations. More clinical trials are needed in order to conclude to the optimal characteristics of ISBs which would further enhance the success of the restorations.
Is it all the RAGE? Defining the role of the receptor for advanced glycation end products in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Gasparotto Juciano , Somensi Nauana , Girardi Carolina Saibro , Bittencourt Reykla Ramon , de Oliveira Laura Martinewski , Hoefel Laura Piloneto , Scheibel Ingrid Matsubara , Peixoto Daniel Oppermann , Moreira José Claudio Fonseca , Outeiro Tiago Fleming , Gelain Daniel Pens 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a transmembrane receptor that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is extensively associated with chronic inflammation in non‐transmissible diseases. As chronic inflammation is consistently present in neurodegenerative diseases, it was largely assumed that RAGE could act as a critical modulator of neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD), similar to what was reported for Alzheimer's disease (AD), where RAGE is postulated to mediate pro‐inflammatory signaling in microglia by binding to amyloid‐β peptide. However, accumulating evidence from studies of RAGE in PD models suggests a less obvious scenario. Here, we review physiological aspects of RAGE and address the current questions about the potential involvement of this receptor in the cellular events that may be critical for the development and progression of PD, exploring possible mechanisms beyond the classical view of the microglial activation/neuroinflammation/neurodegeneration axis that is widely assumed to be the general mechanism of RAGE action in the adult brain.image
Performance on complex memory tests is associated with β‐amyloid in individuals at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Kjeldsen Pernille Louise , Damholdt Malene Flensborg , Madsen Lasse Stensvig , Nissen Peter Henrik , Aanerud Joel Fredrik Astrup , Parbo Peter , Ismail Rola , Kaasing Malene , Eskildsen Simon Fristed , Østergaard Leif , Brooks David James 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe pathophysiological development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) begins in the brain years before the onset of clinical symptoms. The accumulation of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) is thought to be the first cortical pathology to occur. Carrying one apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele increases the risk of developing AD at least 2–3 times and is associated with earlier Aβ accumulation. Although it is difficult to identify Aβ‐related cognitive impairment in early AD with standard cognitive tests, more sensitive memory tests may be able to do this. We sought to examine associations between Aβ and performance on three tests within three subdomains of memory, verbal, visual, and associative memory, to elucidate which of these tests were sensitive to Aβ‐related cognitive impairment in at‐risk subjects. 55 APOE ε4 carriers underwent MRI, 11C‐Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) PET, and cognitive testing. A composite cortical PiB SUVR cut‐off score of 1.5 was used to categorise subjects as either APOE ε4 Aβ+ or APOE ε4 Aβ−. Correlations were carried out using cortical surface analysis. In the whole APOE ε4 group, we found significant correlations between Aβ load and performance on verbal, visual, and associative memory tests in widespread cortical areas, the strongest association being with performance on associative memory tests. In the APOE ε4 Aβ+ group, we found significant correlations between Aβ load and performance of verbal and associative, but not visual, memory in localised cortical areas. Performance on verbal and associative memory tests provides sensitive markers of early Aβ‐related cognitive impairment in at‐risk subjects.
Clinical effect of Pediococcus acidilactici PMC48 on hyperpigmented skin
Authors: Park Hyun‐A , Seo Hoonhee , Kim Sukyung , Haq Asad Ul , Bae Sung Hae , Lee Hyun‐Ji , Ju Se Hee , Tajdozian Hanieh , Rahim Md Abdur , Ghorbanian Fatemeh , Barman Indrajeet , Yoon Youjin , Jo Sujin , Lee Youngkyoung , Cho Gyutae , Jo Hyein , Kim Mijung , Lee Saebim , Song Ho‐Yeon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe excessive production and accumulation of melanin in the epidermal skin layer can result in skin hyperpigmentation and darkening. Current technologies for regulating melanin are based on inhibiting melanin biosynthesis. They have low effectiveness and safety issues.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the potential role of Pediococcus acidilactici PMC48 as a probiotic strain in medicines and cosmetics for skin treatment.Materials and MethodsMeanwhile, our research team has reported that P. acidilactici PMC48 strain isolated from sesame leaf kimchi can directly decompose the already synthesized melanin. It can also inhibit melanin biosynthesis. In the present study, we investigated the skin‐whitening effect of this strain by arranging an 8‐week clinical trial with 22 participants. PMC48 was applied to each participant's artificially UV‐induced tanned skin in the clinical trial. Its whitening effect was investigated based on visual evaluation, skin brightness, and melanin index.ResultsPMC48 showed a significant effect on the artificially induced pigmented skin. The color intensity of the tanned skin was decreased by 47.647%, and skin brightness was increased by 8.098% after the treatment period. PMC48 also significantly decreased the melanin index by 11.818%, indicating its tyrosinase inhibition capacity. Also, PMC48 improved skin moisture content level by 20.943%. Additionally, 16S rRNA‐based amplicon sequencing analysis showed a distinct increase in Lactobacillaceae in the skin by up to 11.2% at the family level without affecting other skin microbiota. Furthermore, it showed no toxicity in in vitro or in vivo analyses.DiscussionThese results indicate that P. acidilactici PMC48 is a promising probiotic strain that can be used to develop medicines and cosmetic products to solve skin‐related problems.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that P. acidilactici PMC48 can be a potential probiotic for the cosmetic industry against different skin disorders.
The Art of Phenomena Construction: A Framework for Coming Up with Research Phenomena beyond ‘the Usual Suspects’
Authors: Alvesson Mats , Sandberg Jörgen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite the centrality of research phenomena, the process of their definition is often neglected and reduced to a simple choosing of pre‐established subjects of interest. However, good research not only includes empirical work aimed at more or less ‘given as fact’ phenomena. It also involves phenomena construction: that is, the process of generating and establishing phenomena to investigate and theorize. We contend that phenomena construction is not separate from, but integral to, both the empirical and theorizing phases in research. As few phenomena are truly ‘given’ or straightforward to observe, good research calls for careful and creative construction of the phenomenon under investigation. We propose and elaborate a framework that enables researchers to generate and establish research phenomena beyond those currently available in their specific area of interest and, based on this, to produce more imaginative and impactful research.
Neuroimaging findings in 4342 hospitalized COVID‐19 subjects: A multicenter report from the United States and Europe
Authors: Faro Scott H. , Manmatharayan Arichena , Leiby Benjamin , Jain Neelu , Mohamed Feroze B. , Talekar Kiran S. , Doshi Amish , Jambor Ivan , Chang Sanders , Finkelstein Mark , Kremer Stephane , Lersy Francois , Lindgren Brenden , Figueiredo Nathalia M. , Gerevini Simonetta , Napolitano Angela , Jain Rajan , Dogra Siddhanth , Pillai Jay J. , Ryan Dan , Jager Rolf , Carletti Francesco , Mian Asim , Kaliev Artem , Anand Pria , Takahashi Courtney , Murat Ak , Colen Rivka , Mansueto Giancarlo , Pizzini Francesca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeTo determine the incidence of acute neuroimaging (NI) findings and comorbidities in the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19)‐infected subjects in seven U.S. and four European hospitals.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of COVID‐19‐positive subjects with the following inclusion criteria: age >18, lab‐confirmed COVID‐19 infection, and acute NI findings (NI+) attributed to COVID‐19 on CT or MRI brain. NI+ and comorbidities in total hospitalized COVID‐19‐positive (TN) subjects were assessed.ResultsA total of 37,950 COVID‐19‐positive subjects were reviewed and 4342 underwent NI. NI+ incidence in subjects with NI was 10.1% (442/4342) including 7.9% (294/3701) in the United States and 22.8% (148/647) in Europe. NI+ incidence in TN was 1.16% (442/37,950). In NI (4342), incidence of ischemic stroke was 6.4% followed by intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) (3.8%), encephalitis (0.5%), sinus venous thrombosis (0.2%), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) (0.2%). White matter involvement was seen in 57% of NI+. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (54%) before cardiac disease (28.8%) and diabetes mellitus (27.7%). Cardiac disease (p < .025), diabetes (p < .014), and chronic kidney disease (p < .012) were more common in the United States.ConclusionThis multicenter, multinational study investigated the incidence and spectrum of NI+ in 37,950 hospitalized adult COVID‐19 subjects including regional differences in incidences of NI+, associated comorbidities, and other demographics. NI+ incidence in TN was 1.16% including 0.95% in the United States and 2.09% in Europe. ICH, encephalitis, and ADEM were common in Europe, while ischemic strokes were more common in the United States. In this cohort, incidence and distribution of NI+ helped characterize the neurological complications of COVID‐19.
Using human genetics to understand the phenotypic association between chronotype and breast cancer
Authors: Wu Xueyao , Yang Chao , Zou Yanqiu , Jones Samuel E. , Zhao Xunying , Zhang Li , Han Zhitong , Hao Yu , Xiao Jinyu , Xiao Chenghan , Zhang Wenqiang , Yan Peijing , Cui Huijie , Tang Mingshuang , Wang Yutong , Chen Lin , Zhang Ling , Yao Yuqin , Liu Zhenmi , Li Jiayuan , Jiang Xia , Zhang Ben 
Published: June 2023

SummaryLittle is known regarding the shared genetic influences underlying the observed phenotypic association between chronotype and breast cancer in women. Leveraging summary statistics from the hitherto largest genome‐wide association study conducted in each trait, we investigated the genetic correlation, pleiotropic loci, and causal relationship of chronotype with overall breast cancer, and with its subtypes defined by the status of oestrogen receptor. We identified a negative genomic correlation between chronotype and overall breast cancer ( = −0.06, p = 3.00 × 10−4), consistent across oestrogen receptor‐positive ( = −0.05, p = 3.30 × 10−3) and oestrogen receptor‐negative subtypes ( = −0.05, p = 1.11 × 10−2). Five specific genomic regions were further identified as contributing a significant local genetic correlation. Cross‐trait meta‐analysis identified 78 loci shared between chronotype and breast cancer, of which 23 were novel. Transcriptome‐wide association study revealed 13 shared genes, targeting tissues of the nervous, cardiovascular, digestive, and exocrine/endocrine systems. Mendelian randomisation demonstrated a significantly reduced risk of overall breast cancer (odds ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.83–0.94; p = 1.30 × 10−4) for genetically predicted morning chronotype. No reverse causality was found. Our work demonstrates an intrinsic link underlying chronotype and breast cancer, which may provide clues to inform management of sleep habits to improve female health.
Urinary bladder hemangiosarcoma in a cat treated with partial cystectomy and adjuvant metronomic cyclophosphamide and thalidomide
Authors: McNally Abigail , Rossanese Matteo , Suárez‐Bonnet Alejandro , Hardas Alexandros , Yale Andrew D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVisceral hemangiosarcomas (HSA) are rare in cats and typically associated with aggressive biologic behavior and poor prognosis. A 4‐year‐old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with a 3‐month history of hematuria and stranguria; ultrasonography identified a large bladder mass. Complete excision was achieved by partial cystectomy. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry for von Willebrand factor confirmed HSA. The cat was treated using adjuvant cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and meloxicam for 8 months. Abdominal ultrasonography repeated at 2 months and computed tomography repeated at 5 and 19 months after diagnosis showed no evidence of local recurrence or metastasis. The cat was alive at last follow‐up (896 days). Although the cat described in this report experienced a more favorable prognosis compared to other visceral HSA locations, additional cases are needed to further understand the biological behavior of bladder HSAs and guide treatment decisions.
Prevalence of hypercalcemia in primary hypoadrenocorticism in dogs: Multicenter, retrospective study
Authors: Hall Harriet , Williams Timothy , Florey Jessica , Moreno Mireia Pascual , Black Victoria , Thompson Daniel , Skelly Barbara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypoadrenocorticism is an important differential for hypercalcemia. The etiology of hypercalcemia in hypoadrenocorticism in dogs is unclear.ObjectiveTo review the prevalence of hypercalcemia and use statistical models to identify clinical, demographic, and biochemical variables associated with hypercalcemia in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism.AnimalsOne hundred ten dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism; 107 with recorded total calcium (TCa), 43 recorded ionized calcium (iCa).MethodsMulticenter retrospective observational study at 4 UK referral hospitals. Univariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between independent variables of signalment, hypoadrenocorticism type (glucocorticoid only deficient hypoadrenocorticism [GHoC] vs glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficient hypoadrenocorticism [GMHoC]), clinicopathological variables and hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia was defined as elevated TCa, an elevated iCa, or both elevated TCa and iCa (Model 1) or as elevated iCa (Model 2).ResultsOverall prevalence of hypercalcemia was 34.5% (38/110). The odds of hypercalcemia (Model 1) were increased (P < .05) in dogs with GMHoC ([vs GHoC], OR [odds ratio] = 3.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.105‐13.463), higher serum creatinine (OR = 1.512, 95% CI 1.041‐2.197), and higher serum albumin (OR = 4.187, 95% CI 1.744‐10.048). The odds of ionized hypercalcemia (Model 2) were increased (P < .05) with reduced serum potassium concentration (OR = 0.401, 95% CI 0.184‐0.876) and younger age (OR = 0.737, 95% CI 0.558‐0.974).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThis study identified several key clinical and biochemical variables associated with hypercalcemia in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism. These findings aid understanding of the pathophysiology and etiology of hypercalcemia in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism.