bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spécies Diversity and Physiological Characterization of Fusarium spp. Isolates Causing Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Fusariosis (Far-North, Cameroon)
Authors: Ulrich Boydoul Fréderic , Gonné Sobda , Yoyo Fankou Dougouan Merline , Madjerembe Abdoul , Serge Rapmo Kononer , Seussemaga Eloa , Pierre Metsena , Patrice Ngoh Dooh Jules , Kosma Philippe 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Potato production in the Far North Region, Cameroon is hampered by a wide range of fungi of the genus Fusarium.
Aims: The aim of this work was to isolate and conduct physiological characterization of Fusarium spp. isolates responsible for potato Fusarium disease in the Far North Region, Cameroon.
Methodology: Isolates were obtained from diseased organs (leaves) from fifteen villages in the district of Mogodé, Mokolo and Koza, Far North Cameroon. The species responsible for fusariosis were identified using several identification Keys on a base of symptoms and morphological spores characteristics (macroconidia, microconidia and chlamydospores). Fusarium incidence and rainfall were assessed. Radial growth, sporulation and pathogenicity of the isolates were use to evaluated the parameters of physiological characterization.
Results: The overall average incidence of Fusarium head blight in the Far North Region, Cameroon is 29.36%. Furthermore, out of the 20 isolates obtained, six Fusarium species (Fusarium oxysporium, F. solani, F. equiseti, F. avenacearum, F. colmorum and F. sambicum) were identified. The highest growth rate (8.1 cm), the highest spore production (8 × 105) and the highest severity index (3%) were respectively obtained with the isolates FUROM 2 and FUTEK 3, FUMOG 1, FUMOG 2, FUROM 1 and FURAF from Mogodé District on PCA medium.
Conclusion: Potato production in the Far North Region, Cameroon is confronted by various Fusarium species which have physiological characteristics that vary according to the area of origin of the isolates and the growing media.
Generalization of the Expansion of the Lagrange Multiplier Identifier Integrals for the Variational Iteration Method
Authors: Okiotor N. , Ogunfiditimi F. 
Published: February 2023

This study presents a theorem for resolving certain integrals. These integrals usually arise in the Correction Functional of the Variational Iteration Method (VIM). Resolving these integrals in the Correction Functional of VIM enables the accurate determination of the Lagrange multiplier for the method, which in turn leads to faster convergence rate for the solution of VIM. The study begins with a brief overview of the Lagrange Multiplier and VIM. This is followed by the theorem and a few experimental problems considered to demonstrate the usefulness of the theorem in the implementation of VIM. Comparison of results obtained shows that accurately determined Lagrange Multiplier for VIM improves the convergence rate of the method compared to using approximately determined Lagrange multiplier for the scheme. Evaluations are carried out using Maple 18 software.
Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus among People Attending the Antiretroviral Clinic and the Effect on the Liver Function Enzymes
Authors: Baeka Glory Barinuaka , Lawson Stephenson Danagogo , Yeshua Sopriala Attoni 
Published: February 2023

Hepatitis D virus is an incomplete RNA virus requiring the assistance of the hepatitis B virus, specifically the HBsAg, to be infectious in humans. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of HDV among HIV patients and the effect on liver enzymes. The study was conducted at the Rivers state University Teaching hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Blood samples were obtained through vein puncture from 93 adults of which 41(44%) were males while 52(56%) were females between the ages 18 and 70 years attending the antiretroviral clinic and CD4+ cell count was also obtained. The samples were preserved at -20ºC. Each of the samples was tested using a SWE-Care rapid strip (China) for the presence of HBsAg. HDV antibody was detected using a Dia. Pro ELISA kit (Italy). The AST, ALT and ALP were determined. SPSS 21 was used to analyze the data and P values were determined. From the total samples collected, 7(7.5%) of them were positive to the HBsAg test of which 3(3.2%) were males, while 4(4.3%) of them were females. Of the 7 people positive to the HBsAg, 6(6.4%) were positive to the HDV antibody with 3(3.2%) females and 3(3.2%) males. There was significant depletion of the CD4+ cells across the groups. For the liver function test, the P values were ˃ 0.05 for AST, ALT and ˂ 0.05 for ALP. The HDV infection from the study was not gender, nor age based and suggests a negative impact on the CD4 cells. The liver function enzyme analysis, suggest higher risk of hypertension in HIV/HBV/HDV infection.
WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR TOURISTS TAX IN PREMIUM DESTINATIONS: LABUAN BAJO CASE STUDY
Authors: Siagian Reynaldo Angga , Safitri Ni Wayan Noviana , Panjaitan Thyophoida W. S. 
Published: February 2023

The government is trying to break away from dependence on the exploitation of natural resources, so in recent years, it has focused on tourism. The Covid-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the tourism sector, but in 2022 the level of foreign tourist visits to Indonesia is slowly starting to improve. Labuan Bajo is one of the areas targeted by the government to be developed in the tourism sector to make premium destination spots, in supporting the existence of tourism, various infrastructures are built so that they can become world-class destinations. In addition, Labuan Bajo also offers natural tourism products that require sustainability to maintain their natural habitat and certainly require considerable costs in conducting regular monitoring and maintenance. The existence of high development and operational costs, the government needs to find ways to obtain optimal state revenue, especially in terms of taxes charged to tourists. The revenue obtained from the tourism tax is a very important financial source for the government and tourism authorities to ensure the sustainability of the tourism sector and can improve the quality of destinations given to visitors to tourist attractions. In an effort by tourism policymakers to create an efficient and fair tax system in tourist destinations, it is very important to understand tourists' perceptions of willingness to pay (WTP), tax rates, and optimal allocation. This research is a qualitative study, and the purpose of this study is to evaluate the tourism tax charged to tourists as compensation to get optimal regional income and to measure the willingness to pay tourists. The ability to pay is necessary to know how much the government can attract taxes to get optimal local revenue but not be too burdensome for tourists. This research will also explore tourist perceptions regarding taxes and what things need to be developed so that absorption from state and regional budgets can be effective in developing destination areas, especially in a sustainable manner. The approach used in data collection using semi-structured in-depth interviews with international tourists visiting Labuan Bajo, East Nusa Tenggara. This research is expected to be used by policymakers to understand the optimal value of tourism taxes to be able to develop their regions.
Assessment of US Federal Funding of Incarceration-Related Research, 1985 to 2022
Authors: Boch Samantha J. , Murnan Aaron W. , Pollard Jordan F. , Nidey Nichole L. , Hardy Rose Y. , Iruka Iheoma U. 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceThe US leads the world in the raw number of incarcerated persons as well as the rate of incarceration, with detrimental effects on individual-, family-, community-, and population-level health; as such, federal research has a critical role in documenting and addressing the health-related impacts of the US criminal legal system. How often incarceration-related research is funded at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Science Foundation (NSF), and US Department of Justice (DOJ) levels has a direct association with the public attention given to mass incarceration as well as the efficacy of strategies to mitigate negative effects and poor health related to incarceration.ObjectiveTo understand how many incarceration-related projects have been funded at the NIH, NSF, and DOJ.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used public historical project archives to search for relevant incarceration-related keywords (eg, incarceration, prison, parole) since January 1, 1985 (NIH and NSF), and since January 1, 2008 (DOJ). Quotations and Boolean operator logic were used. All searches and counts were conducted and double verified by 2 coauthors between December 12 and 17, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNumber and prevalence of funded projects related to incarceration and prison keywords.ResultsThe term incarceration resulted in 3540 of 3 234 159 total project awards (0.11%) and prisoner-related terms resulted in 11 455 total project awards (0.35%) across the 3 federal agencies since 1985. Nearly a tenth of all projects funded at NIH since 1985 related to education (256 584 [9.62%]) compared with only 3373 projects (0.13%) that related to criminal legal or criminal justice or correctional system and 18 projects (0.0007%) that related to incarcerated parents. Only 1857 (0.07%) of all NIH-funded projects have been funded related to racism since 1985.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found that a very low number of projects about incarceration have historically been funded at the NIH, DOJ, and NSF. These findings reflect a dearth of federally funded studies investigating the effects of mass incarceration or intervention strategies to mitigate adverse effects. Given the consequences of the criminal legal system, it is undoubtedly time for researchers, and our nation, to invest more resources into studying whether this system should be maintained, the intergenerational effects of mass incarceration, and strategies to best mitigate its impact on public health.
Effect of an Intranasal Corticosteroid on Quality of Life and Local Microbiome in Young Children With Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Latek Marta , Łacwik Piotr , Molińska Katarzyna , Błauż Andrzej , Lach Jakub , Rychlik Błażej , Strapagiel Dominik , Majak Joanna , Molińska Joanna , Czech Dorota , Seweryn Michał , Kuna Piotr , Pałczyński Cezary , Majak Paweł 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceIntranasal corticosteroids (INCs) remain the first-line treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in both adults and children, despite the lack of evidence regarding their efficacy in the pediatric population. Similarly, their effect on the sinonasal microbiome has not been well documented.ObjectiveTo assess the clinical, immunological, and microbiological effects of 12 weeks of an INC in young children with CRS.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis open-label randomized clinical trial was performed in a pediatric allergy outpatient clinic in 2017 and 2018. Children aged 4 to 8 years with CRS diagnosed by a specialist were included. Data were analyzed from January 2022 to June 2022.InterventionsPatients were randomized to receive intranasal mometasone in an atomizer for 12 weeks (1 application per nostril, once per day) and supplemental 3-mL sodium chloride (NaCl), 0.9%, solution in a nasal nebulizer once a day for 12 weeks (INC group) or 3-mL NaCl, 0.9%, solution in a nasal nebulizer once a day for 12 weeks (control group).Main Outcomes and MeasuresMeasures taken both before and after treatment included the Sinus and Nasal Quality of Life Survey (SN-5), a nasopharynx swab for microbiome analysis by next-generation sequencing methods, and nasal mucosa sampling for occurrence of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs).ResultsOf the 66 children enrolled, 63 completed the study. The mean (SD) age of the cohort was 6.1 (1.3) years; 38 participants (60.3%) were male and 25 (39.7%) were female. The clinical improvement reflected by reduction in SN-5 score was significantly higher in the INC group compared with the control group (INC group score before and after treatment, 3.6 and 3.1, respectively; control group score before and after treatment, 3.4 and 3.8, respectively; mean between-group difference, −0.58; 95% CI, −1.31 to −0.19; P = .009). The INC group had a greater increase in nasopharyngeal microbiome richness and larger decrease in nasal ILC3 abundance compared with the control group. A significant interaction was observed between change in microbiome richness and the INC intervention on the prediction of significant clinical improvement (odds ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.19; P = .03).Conclusions and RelevanceThis randomized clinical trial demonstrated that treatment with an INC improved the quality of life of children with CRS and had a significant effect on increasing sinonasal biodiversity. Although further investigation is needed of the long-term efficacy and safety of INCs, these data may reinforce the recommendation of using INCs as a first-line treatment of CRS in children.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03011632
Design and development of in‐the‐loop test and evaluation platform for space allocation at shipping container terminal
Authors: Du Xueqiang , Liang Chengji , Zhao Ning , Xuan Beng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs a vital component in the shipping industry, coastal container terminals must be developed in a sustainable manner. The container receiving process is a crucial aspect of container loading and transportation and is the cornerstone of container terminal operations. This process is characterized by its discrete random events. To model this process, the testbed was designed and developed using a Hierarchical Generalized Stochastic Petri Net (HGSPN) workflow engine to drive the data and simulate the container receiving process through the interplay of resources and changes. Random indexing was utilized to mimic the discrete randomness of the operations. The performance of the container receiving process was validated and evaluated through the construction of an operational energy and efficiency‐focused container receiving evaluation model. Results showed that the intelligent container receiving system, tested on the in‐loop platform, can effectively evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of container receiving, leading to continuous improvement of the system and demonstrating its significant practical value.
Self‐Mineralizing Dnazyme Hydrogel as a Multifaceted Bone Microenvironment Amendment for Promoting Osteogenesis in Osteoporosis
Authors: Wu Haiping , Huang Shun , Zhu Ying , Li Jia , Pang Xiaoxiao , Tang Yongyao , Li Siqiao , Ji Ping , Ding Shijia , Cheng Wei , Li Wenyang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and minimal osteogenic raw material in the osteoporotic bone microenvironment greatly inhibits the activity of osteoblasts. Herein, it is originally proposed to construct a biomatrix multifaceted bone microenvironment amendment ‐Mineralized zippered G4‐Hemin DNAzyme hydrogel (MDH)‐to improve osteoporotic osteogenic capacity and promote high‐quality bone defect repair. The programmed design of the rolling circle amplified DNA hydrogel synthesis system allows the introduction of massive amounts of zippered G4‐Hemin DNAzyme in MDH. The zippered G4‐Hemin DNAzyme highly mimics the tight catalytic configuration of horseradish peroxidase and exerts excellent enzyme‐like activity with considerable ROS molecule scavenging ability. In addition, the DNA amplification by‐product pyrophosphate is ingeniously employed as a sufficient phosphorus source, thus constituting an autonomous mineralization system for waste reuse through the introduction of pyrophosphate hydrolase and calcium ions, which deposits in MDH as an osteogenic raw material and addresses the challenge of DNA hydrogel bio‐application stability. The remarkable in vitro and in vivo outcomes demonstrate that MDH can effectively improve the oxidative stress status of osteoblasts, restore the balance of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduce apoptosis, ultimately demonstrating superior osteogenic capacity.
Photoexcited Ultraviolet‐to‐Infrared (II) Pyroelectricity in a 2D Ferroelectric Perovskite Driving Broadband Self‐Powered Photoactivities
Authors: Tang Liwei , Weng Wen , Chen Huaixi , Hua Lina , Guo Wuqian , Liu Yi , Ma Yu , Chen Yaoyao , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhotoexcited pyroelectricity in ferroelectrics allows the direct conversion of light radiation into electric signal without external power source, thus paving an avenue to promote optoelectronic device performances. However, it is urgently demanded to exploit new ferroelectrics with this attribute covering ultraviolet (UV)‐to‐infrared (IR) region for self‐powered photodetection. Herein, broadband light‐induced pyroelectric effects in a new 2D perovskite‐type ferroelectric, (BBA)2(EA)2Pb3Br10 (1; BBA = p‐bromobenzylammonium, EA = ethylammonium), showing a high Curie temperature of 425 K and notable pyroelectric coefficient (≈5.4 × 10−3 µC cm−2 K−1) is presented. Especially, photo‐induced change of its electric polarization leads to ultraviolet‐to‐infrared pyroelectricity in a wide spectral region (377–1950 nm). Broadband photoactivities actualized by this property break the limitation of its optical bandgap. Thus, single‐crystal detectors of 1 are sensitive to UV‐to‐IR light with a small temperature fluctuation of 0.3 K, exhibiting a high transient responsivity up to ≈0.28 mA W−1 and specific detectivity of 1.31 × 1010 Jones under zero bias (at 405 nm); such figure‐of‐merits are beyond than those self‐powered photodetectors using oxide ferroelectrics. It is anticipated that the findings of light‐induced pyroelectricity afford a feasible strategy to assemble newly‐conceptual smart photoelectric devices, such as self‐powered broadband detectors.
Sub‐2‐nm Channels within Covalent Triazine Framework Enable Fast Proton‐Selective Transport in Flow Battery Membrane
Authors: Xu Weiyi , Wang Yixing , Wu Yulin , Xu Fang , Dai Liheng , Qu Kai , Wang Jiaqi , Wu Jun , Lei Linfeng , Li Siyao , Xu Zhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIon conductive membranes (ICMs) with robust sub‐2‐nm channels show high proton transport rate in flow battery, but it remains a great challenge to precisely control the ion sieving of the membranes. Herein, as a promising proton‐selective carrier, sulfonated piperazine covalent triazine framework (s‐pCTF) with the channel size of ≈1.5 nm and abundant fast proton hopping sites is introduced into sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) to fabricate advanced ICM for vanadium flow battery (VFB) application. The interior protoplasmic channels of s‐pCTF demonstrate significant Donnan exclusion effect, resulting in a high proton/vanadium ion selectivity in theory (6.22 × 105). Meanwhile, the nitrogen‐rich sub‐2‐nm channels yield fast proton highway, and exterior‐grafted sulfonic acid groups further facilitate the proton transfer. By regulating the ion sieving and proton conductivity, the optimal hybrid membrane exhibits synchronously improved battery performance with an enhanced energy efficiency (92.41% to 78.53% at 40–200 mA cm−2) and long‐term stability for 900 cycles over 400 h (EE: 87.2–85% at 120 mA cm−2), outperforming pure SPEEK and Nafion212 membranes. This study validates the applicability of organic porous CTF with sub‐2‐nm channels and desired functionality in ICMs for high‐performance VFB application.
Ionic Liquid “Water Pocket” for Stable and Environment‐Adaptable Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Yu Le , Huang Jing , Wang Sijun , Qi Luhe , Wang Shanshan , Chen Chaoji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe strong reactivity of water in aqueous electrolytes toward metallic zinc (Zn), especially at aggressive operating conditions, remains the fundamental obstacle to the commercialization of aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs). Here, a water‐immiscible ionic liquid diluent 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (EmimFSI) is reported that can substantially suppress the water activity of aqueous electrolyte by serving as a “water pocket”, enveloping the highly active H2O‐dominated Zn2+ solvates and protecting them from parasitic reactions. During Zn deposition, the cation Emim+ and anion FSI− function respectively in mitigating the tip effect and regulating the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), thereby favoring a smooth Zn deposition layer protected by inorganic species‐enriched SEI featuring high uniformity and stability. Combined with the boosted chemical/electrochemical stability endowed by the intrinsic merits of ionic liquid, this ionic liquid‐incorporated aqueous electrolyte (IL‐AE) enables the stable operation of Zn||Zn0.25V2O5·nH2O cells even at a challenging temperature of 60 °C (>85% capacity retention over 400 cycles). Finally, as an incidental but practically valuable benefit, the near‐zero vapor pressure nature of ionic liquid allows the efficient separation and recovery of high‐value components from the spent electrolyte via a mild and green approach, promising the sustainable future of IL‐AE in realizing practical AZMBs.
Environmentally Stable, Robust, Adhesive, and Conductive Supramolecular Deep Eutectic Gels as Ultrasensitive Flexible Temperature Sensor
Authors: Yao Puqing , Bao Qiwen , Yao Yuan , Xiao Meng , Xu Ziyang , Yang Jianhai , Liu Wenguang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is essential and of great significance to impart high mechanical performance, environmental stability, and high sensitivity to emerging flexible temperature sensors. In this work, polymerizable deep eutectic solvents are designed and prepared by simply mixing N‐cyanomethyl acrylamide (NCMA) containing an amide group and a cyano group in the same side chain with lithium bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide (LiTFSI), and obtain supramolecular deep eutectic polyNCMA/LiTFSI gels after polymerization. These supramolecular gels exhibit excellent mechanical performance (tensile strength of 12.9 MPa and fracture energy of 45.3 kJ m−2), strong adhesion force, high‐temperature responsiveness, self‐healing ability, and shape memory behavior due to the reversible reconstruction ability of amide hydrogen bonds and cyano‐cyano dipole‐dipole interactions in the gel network. In addition, the gels also demonstrate good environmental stability and 3D printability. To verify its application potential as a flexible temperature sensor, the polyNCMA/LiTFSI gel‐based wireless temperature monitor is developed and displays outstanding thermal sensitivity (8.4%/K) over a wide detection range. The preliminary result also suggests the promising potential of PNCMA gel as a pressure sensor.
Responsive Liquid‐Crystal Microlaser Arrays with Tactile Perception
Authors: Zhou Wu , Zhang Chunhuan , Ren Ang , Dong Haiyun , Yao Jiannian , Zhao Yong Sheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFlexible photonics has the potential to develop artificial skins with superior sensing capabilities. As an essential skin function, the tactile simulation is, however, still challenging due to the difficulty in combining high pressure sensitivity and resolution in sensor networks. Here, this work designs flexible artificial photonic skins for the vivid tactile perception based on responsive cholesteric liquid‐crystal (CLC) vertical‐cavity microlaser arrays. Controllable liquid‐crystal molecule arrangement is explored to synthesize the elastic CLC vertical microcavity lasers, which support a strong correlation between the laser output signals and the external pressures. Large‐scale integration of the CLC microlaser‐based mechanical sensors enables the spatially resolved detection of pressures. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration of vivid tactile simulation, the flexible photonic chip consisting of a CLC microlaser array is used to identify the contact objects. These results present a significant advance in the construction of high‐performance flexible optical sensor networks, thus providing valuable guidance for the design of novel photonic skins.