bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valorization of rice straw, sugarcane bagasse and sweet sorghum bagasse for the production of bioethanol and phenylacetylcarbinol
Authors: Nunta Rojarej , Techapun Charin , Sommanee Sumeth , Mahakuntha Chatchadaporn , Porninta Kritsadaporn , Punyodom Winita , Phimolsiripol Yuthana , Rachtanapun Pornchai , Wang Wen , Zhuang Xinshu , Qi Wei , Jantanasakulwong Kittisak , Reungsang Alissara , Kumar Anbarasu , Leksawasdi Noppol 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOpen burning of agricultural residues causes numerous complications including particulate matter pollution in the air, soil degradation, global warming and many more. Since they possess bio-conversion potential, agro-industrial residues including sugarcane bagasse (SCB), rice straw (RS), corncob (CC) and sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) were chosen for the study. Yeast strains, Candida tropicalis, C. shehatae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus were compared for their production potential of bioethanol and phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC), an intermediate in the manufacture of crucial pharmaceuticals, namely, ephedrine, and pseudoephedrine. Among the substrates and yeasts evaluated, RS cultivated with C. tropicalis produced significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher ethanol concentration at 15.3 g L−1 after 24 h cultivation. The product per substrate yield (Yeth/s) was 0.38 g g-1 with the volumetric productivity (Qp) of 0.64 g L−1 h−1 and fermentation efficiency of 73.6% based on a theoretical yield of 0.51 g ethanol/g glucose. C. tropicalis grown in RS medium produced 0.303 U mL−1 pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), a key enzyme that catalyzes the production of PAC, with a specific activity of 0.400 U mg−1 protein after 24 h cultivation. This present study also compared the whole cells biomass of C. tropicalis with its partially purified PDC preparation for PAC biotransformation. The whole cells C. tropicalis PDC at 1.29 U mL−1 produced an overall concentration of 62.3 mM PAC, which was 68.4% higher when compared to partially purified enzyme preparation. The results suggest that the valorization of lignocellulosic residues into bioethanol and PAC will not only aid in mitigating the environmental challenge posed by their surroundings but also has the potential to improve the bioeconomy.
Diagnostic and prognostic potential of the microbiome in ovarian cancer treatment response
Authors: Asangba Abigail E. , Chen Jun , Goergen Krista M. , Larson Melissa C. , Oberg Ann L. , Casarin Jvan , Multinu Francesco , Kaufmann Scott H. , Mariani Andrea , Chia Nicholas , Walther-Antonio Marina R. S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) is the second most common gynecological malignancy and the fifth leading cause of death due to cancer in women in the United States mainly due to the late-stage diagnosis of this cancer. It is, therefore, critical to identify potential indicators to aid in early detection and diagnosis of this disease. We investigated the microbiome associated with OC and its potential role in detection, progression as well as prognosis of the disease. We identified a distinct OC microbiome with general enrichment of several microbial taxa, including Dialister, Corynebacterium, Prevotella, and Peptoniphilus in the OC cohort in all body sites excluding stool and omentum which were not sampled from the benign cohort. These taxa were, however, depleted in the advanced-stage and high-grade OC patients compared to early-stage and low-grade OC patients suggestive of decrease accumulation in advanced disease and could serve as potential indicators for early detection of OC. Similarly, we also observed the accumulation of these mainly pathogenic taxa in OC patients with adverse treatment outcomes compared to those without events and could also serve as potential indicators for predicting patients’ responses to treatment. These findings provide important insights into the potential use of the microbiome as indicators in (1) early detection of and screening for OC and (2) predicting patients’ response to treatment. Given the limited number of patients enrolled in the study, these results would need to be further investigated and confirmed in a larger study.
Investigating metropolitan change through mathematical morphology and a dynamic factor analysis of structural and functional land-use indicators
Authors: Sadat Nickayin Samaneh , Egidi Gianluca , Cudlin Pavel , Salvati Luca 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe presented an operational rationale grounded on complex system thinking to quantify structural and functional landscape transformations along three stages representative of post-war metropolitan development in Rome, Italy (urbanisation with population/settlement densification, 1949–1974; suburbanisation with medium-density settlement expansion, 1974–1999; counter-urbanisation with settlement sprawl, 1999–2016). A mathematical morphology approach assessing the geometric form of land patches and a multi-way factor analysis (MFA) of landscape metrics were used to investigate the joint evolution of urban form and land-use functions over time. The empirical results of the MFA delineated the multivariate relationship between nine land-use classes (with distinctive socioeconomic functions) and seven morphological types (reflecting different landscape structures) according to four observation times (1949, 1974, 1999, 2016). Taken as an intrinsic attribute of complex landscape systems experiencing intense transformations, an estimation of the ‘rapidity-of-change’ in the form-functions relationship at a given development stage was derived from MFA outcomes separately for urbanisation, suburbanisation, and counter-urbanisation. A simplified form-functions relationship, reflecting the spatial polarisation in compact settlements and rural (low-density) landscapes, was observed with compact urbanisation. By stimulating urban sprawl into fringe farmland, suburbanisation resulted in patchy and heterogeneous rural landscapes. Counter-urbanization was associated with the fragmentation of built-up settlements leading to a chaotic mosaic of land structures that mixes urban and rural traits. Rapidity-of-change in form-function relationships was greater during suburbanisation than urbanisation and counter-urbanisation. It reflects the intrinsic pressure of economic growth in contemporary cities.
The identification of metabolites from gut microbiota in NAFLD via network pharmacology
Authors: Oh Ki-Kwang , Gupta Haripriya , Min Byeong Hyun , Ganesan Raja , Sharma Satya Priya , Won Sung Min , Jeong Jin Ju , Lee Su Been , Cha Min Gi , Kwon Goo Hyun , Jeong Min Kyo , Hyun Ji Ye , Eom Jung A , Park Hee Jin , Yoon Sang Jun , Choi Mi Ran , Kim Dong Joon , Suk Ki Tae 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe metabolites of gut microbiota show favorable therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the active metabolites and mechanisms against NAFLD have not been documented. The aim of the study was to investigate the active metabolites and mechanisms of gut microbiota against NAFLD by network pharmacology. We obtained a total of 208 metabolites from the gutMgene database and retrieved 1256 targets from similarity ensemble approach (SEA) and 947 targets from the SwissTargetPrediction (STP) database. In the SEA and STP databases, we identified 668 overlapping targets and obtained 237 targets for NAFLD. Thirty-eight targets were identified out of those 237 and 223 targets retrieved from the gutMgene database, and were considered the final NAFLD targets of metabolites from the microbiome. The results of molecular docking tests suggest that, of the 38 targets, mitogen-activated protein kinase 8-compound K and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta-myricetin complexes might inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway. The microbiota-signaling pathways-targets-metabolites network analysis reveals that Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, and phenylacetylglutamine are notable components of NAFLD and therefore to understanding its processes and possible therapeutic approaches. The key components and potential mechanisms of metabolites from gut microbiota against NAFLD were explored utilizing network pharmacology analyses. This study provides scientific evidence to support the therapeutic efficacy of metabolites for NAFLD and suggests holistic insights on which to base further research.
HA-tag CD63 is a novel conditional transgenic approach to track extracellular vesicle interactions with sperm and their transfer at conception
Authors: Morgan Christopher P. , Meadows Victoria E. , Marx-Rattner Ruth , Cisse Yasmine M. , Bale Tracy L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are a unique mode of intercellular communication capable of specificity in transmitting signals and cargo to coordinate local and distant cellular functions. A key example of this is the essential role that EVs secreted by epithelial cells lining the lumen of the male reproductive tract play in post-spermatogenic sperm maturation. We recently showed in a preclinical mouse model that this fundamental process had a causal role in somatic-to-germline transmission of biological information regarding prior stress experience capable of altering the rate of fetal development. However, critical mechanistic questions remain unanswered as to the processes by which signaling occurs between EVs and sperm, and whether EVs or their cargo are delivered at conception and are detectable in the early embryo. Unfortunately, notable methodological limitations shared across EV biology, particularly in the isolation and labeling of EVs, complicate efforts to answer these important questions as well as questions on EV targeting specificity and mechanisms. In our current studies, we developed a novel approach to track EVs using a conditional transgenic construct designed to label EVs via conditional Cre-induced hemagglutinin (HA) tagging of the EV endogenous tetraspanin, CD63. In our exhaustive validation steps, this internal small molecular weight tag did not affect EV secretion or functionality, a common problem found in the previous design of EV tags using larger molecular weight proteins, including fluorescent proteins. Utilizing a stably transfected immortalized epididymal epithelial cell line, we first validated key parameters of the conditional HA-tagged protein packaged into secreted EVs. Importantly, we systematically confirmed that expression of the CD63-HA had no impact on the production, size distribution, or surface charge of secreted EVs, nor did it alter the tetraspanin or miRNA composition of these EVs. We also utilized the CD63-HA EVs to verify physical interactions with sperm. Finally, using in vitro fertilization we produced some of the first images confirming sperm delivered EV cargo at conception and still detectable in the early-stage embryo. As such, this construct serves as a methodological advance and as a valuable tool, with applications in the study of EV function across biomedical research areas.
Deficiency of transcription factor Nkx6.1 does not prevent insulin secretion in INS-1E cells
Authors: Pavluch Vojtěch , Engstová Hana , Špačková Jitka , Ježek Petr 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPancreatic-β-cell-specifying transcription factor Nkx6.1, indispensable for embryonic development of the pancreatic epithelium and commitment to β-cell lineage, directly controls the expression of a glucose transporter (Glut2), pyruvate carboxylase (Pcx), and genes for insulin processing (endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase-1β, Ero1lb; zinc transporter-8, Slc30a8). The Nkx6.1 decline in aging diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats contributes to β-cell trans-differentiation into δ-cells. Elucidating further Nkx6.1 roles, we studied Nkx6.1 ablation in rat INS-1E cells, prepared by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing from single colonies. INS-1ENkx6.1–/– cells exhibited unchanged glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), moderately decreased phosphorylating/non-phosphorylating respiration ratios at high glucose; unchanged but delayed ATP-elevation responses to glucose; delayed uptake of fluorescent glucose analog, but slightly improved cytosolic Ca2+-oscillations, induced by glucose; despite approximately halved Glut2, Pcx, Ero1lb, and Slc30a8 expression, and reduced nuclear receptors Nr4a1 and Nr4a3. Thus, ATP synthesis was time-compensated, despite the delayed GLUT2-mediated glucose uptake and crippled pyruvate-malate redox shuttle (owing to the PCX-deficiency) in INS-1ENkx6.1–/– cells. Nkx6.1 thus controls the expression of genes that are not essential for acute insulin secretion, the function of which can be compensated for. Considerations that Nkx6.1 deficiency is an ultimate determinant of β-cell pathology beyond cell trans-(de-)differentiation or β-cell identity are not supported by our results.
Association between socio-economic status and non-communicable disease risk in young adults from Kenya, South Africa, and the United Kingdom
Authors: Mtintsilana Asanda , Craig Ashleigh , Mapanga Witness , Dlamini Siphiwe N. , Norris Shane A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is a pressing need for global health preventions to curb the escalating burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Utilising multi-country study designs can improve our understanding of how socio-economic context shapes the aetiology of NCDs, and this has great potential to advance global health interventions. We examined the association between socio-economic status (SES) and NCD risk, and the potential confounding effects of smoking and alcohol intake in young adults (18–35-year-olds) from Kenya, South Africa (SA), and the United Kingdom (UK). Our study was a cross-sectional online survey that included 3000 respondents (n = 1000 per country, 50% women) conducted in April 2022. We utilised information on twelve NCDs to classify respondents as having “no condition”, “one condition”, and “multimorbidity” (having two or more conditions). A total household asset score was calculated and used as a proxy of SES, and subsequently categorised into quintiles (Q1–Q5; lowest-highest). Ordered logistic regression was used to test the associations between NCD risk and exposure variables. In the UK sample, we found that those in the second lowest SES quintile (Q2) had lower odds of developing NCDs than their lowest SES counterparts (Q1). In contrast, South African and Kenyan youth with a SES score between middle and highest quintiles (Q3–Q5) were more likely to develop NCDs than the lowest SES quintile group. In all countries, smoking and/or alcohol intake were associated with higher odds of developing NCDs, and showed some confounding effects on the SES-NCD relationships. Specifically, in Kenya, the risk of developing NCD was more than two times higher in those in the middle (Q3) SES group (OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.519–4.091; p < 0.001) compared to their lowest (Q1) SES counterparts. After adjusting for smoking and alcohol, the ORs of middle (Q3) SES group changed from 2.493 to 2.241 (1.360–3.721; p = 0.002). Overall, we found that the strength and direction of SES-NCD associations differed within and between countries. This study highlights how different SES contexts shape the risk of NCDs among young adults residing in countries at different levels of economic development.
An optimized modeling for in-situ stresses based on Rhino accurate modeling and large-scale transverse isotropic theory
Authors: Song Weihua , Jiao Huice , Xu Xiaotian , He Ping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn-situ stresses are significantly important for underground mining geotechnical design and coal seam gas management in underground coal mines. Aiming at regions with geological structures, this paper proposes an in-situ stress inversion method combining Rhino precise modeling and transverse isotropy theory, and tests it near the Guodishan fault. The results show that the application of Rhino precise modeling and transversely isotropic model in in-situ stress inversion shows advantages in improving the accuracy of in-situ stress calculation. In addition, based on the inversion analysis of in-situ stress near the Guodishan fault, we believe that the fault structure has a significant impact on the distribution of in-situ stress. Within the elevation range of − 400 m to − 800 m, the horizontal stress and vertical stress of the footwall are greater than those of the hanging wall. Moreover, the K ratio near the fault is generally less than 1, but the K ratio in the footwall is usually greater than that in the hanging wall, indicating that the tectonic stress has a stronger influence on the footwall. It is worth noting that the stress gradient near the fault is higher, which may lead to higher disaster risk.
A Conscious Approach to Decannulation: Clinical Application of a One-Way Speaking Valve With Disorders of Consciousness
Authors: López Ashley Muñoz , Nichols Marilouise E. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
This article compiles evidence to provide reasoning to advocate for early intervention with Disorders of Consciousness (DoC) by a speech-language pathologist to improve patient outcomes and reduce the cost of medical care in long-term management and rehabilitation. This article highlights the challenges of this patient population not demonstrating weaning and decannulation successes compared to other tracheostomized groups. DoC are significantly underserved diagnosis. This review highlights special considerations for optimizing and enhancing speech-language pathology early interventions to reduce the instance of misdiagnosis and to improve functional outcomes. Review of the literature resulted in a compilation of best practices.

Conclusions:
This article highlights evidence to support early intervention with DoC that can be directly applied to decannulation protocols for this patient population. The best practice in the care of patients with severe acquired brain injury should include speech-language pathology in the acute and rehabilitation phases. More research is needed in the profession to maximize skilled intervention and to improve prognosis in patients with DoC.
Dynamical tides in Jupiter and the role of interior structure
Authors: Lin Yufeng 
Published: January 2023

Context. The Juno spacecraft has obtained highly accurate tidal Love numbers, which provide important constraints on the tidal response and interior structure of Jupiter.
Aims. In order to exploit these observations, it is necessary to develop an approach to accurately calculate the tidal response of Jupiter for a given interior model and to investigate the role of the interior structure.
Methods. We directly solve the linearized tidal equations of a compressible, self-gravitating, rotating, and viscous fluid body using a pseudo-spectral method. The Coriolis force is fully taken into account, but the centrifugal effect is neglected. We are able to simultaneously obtain the real and imaginary parts of the tidal Love numbers for a given planetary interior model.
Results. We calculated the tidal responses for three simplified interior models of Jupiter which may contain a compact rigid core or an extended dilute core. All of the models we consider can explain the fractional correction ∆k22 ≈ −4% due to dynamical tides, but they all have difficulties reconciling the observed ∆k42 ≈ −11% for the high-degree tidal Love number. We show that the Coriolis force significantly modifies gravity modes in an extended dilute core at the tidal frequency relevant to the Galilean satellites. We demonstrate that the existence of a thin stable layer in the outer region would also influence the tidal responses of Jupiter.
Contemporary and Technology Based Assessment and Feedback for Student Enhanced Learning: A Case Study of Mechanical Engineering Department at Middle East College
Authors: Suhail Adeel H. , Guangul Fiseha M. , Kuckian Sachin 
Published: January 2023

Assessment is an important part to identify the strengths and weaknesses of student learning. Various approaches for module delivery have been implemented, emphasizing the value of student participation and their role in the educational process. This provides an excellent strategy to evaluate students over time and improve their performances. In this study, performance-based assessment as a modern form of assessment presented and discussed. Students' work was gathered in portfolios (Microsoft OneNote) so that their performance, effort, and progress could be monitored and tracked along with the task requirements. Module delivery strategy as a case study is also presented accompanied with the assessment and feedback methods.
Additionally, the significance of incorporating students in the feedback process, increasing their capacity to appraise the quality of their own and their peers' work, and fostering their capacity to conduct self-evaluations and develop into independent learners were all covered in detail. The study shows that digitalize written comments to facilitate the feedback process particularly in case of high number of students, with specific and clear criteria will help to give the right feedback at the right time. Furthermore, conducting discussion sessions to get peer feedback and reflection indicated that the understanding of students on the given feedback was improved.
Visible-Light-Mediated Germanylation of Aryl Fluorides: Synthetic and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Lakhdar Sami , Magné Valentin , Bellanger Corentin , Hussein Aqeel A. , Saffon-Merceron Nathalie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe describe herein a metal-free synthesis of aryltriphenylgermanes from the reaction of triphenylgermane with fluoro(hetero)arenes in the presence of a base under blue light irradiation. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and tolerates a few functionalities. The scope and limitations of this unprecedented approach are analyzed based on preliminary mechanistic studies.
Accuracy of Advanced Active Robot for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Lee Han-Jun , Park Kwan Kyu , Park Yong-Beom , Choi Sung Wook , Kim Bong-Oh , Kim Seong Hwan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough the accuracy of other types of robotic systems for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been assessed in cadaveric studies, no investigations have been performed to evaluate this newly advanced active robotic system. Therefore, the authors aimed to analyze the accuracy of bone resection in terms of thickness and alignment in a cadaveric study. Three cadaveric specimens (six knees) and an active robotic system (CUVIS Joint, CUREXO) were used in the study. Three surgeons with different experiences in robotic TKAs performed this cadaveric study using the same robotic protocol with two different implant designs. The thickness and angle of bone resection planes obtained from the optical tracking system and the difference between resection planes and the planning data were assessed to determine accuracy. With respect to the overall resection accuracy compared to the plan, the cutting depth accuracy was within 1.0 mm mean of root mean square (RMS), and the resection angle accuracy in terms of sagittal, coronal, and axial planes was within 1.0 degree mean RMS. In contrast, no significant differences were observed between the planned and measured values in terms of the resection angles and cutting thickness. The hip–knee–ankle angle at postoperative evaluation was 0.7 degrees ± 0.7 degrees (RMS 1.0 degrees). This in vivo study suggests that the use of this newly advanced active robotic system for TKA demonstrates a high degree of accuracy in terms of resection thickness and alignment. This finding supports the clinical application of this advanced robotic system.
Level of Evidence Cadaveric study, Level V.