bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbohydrate and Wound Healing in Critically Ill Burn Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Nakakura Asia M , Shields Beth A , Cancio Leopoldo C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Two randomized controlled trials conducted in acutely burned patients found clinical benefits with higher carbohydrate (60%-65% of total energy), lower fat (12%-15%) nutrition, including faster wound healing, fewer wound infections, decreased hospital stay, and less pneumonia. The primary purpose of this study was to assess whether our change in practice to a higher proportion of carbohydrates (60%) with 25% of energy from protein and 15% of energy from fat was associated with improved wound healing rates. Secondary outcomes evaluated included invasive fungal wound infections, ischemic bowel, sepsis, and mortality. Before February 2022, the use of a high-protein, relatively low-fat enteral formula (52% carbohydrate, 23% fat, and 25% protein) combined with a protein modular was the standard practice (PRE group) in our burn center. After, we implemented a higher carbohydrate feeding protocol (POST group). In this study, patients in the POST group were matched 2:1 by age, burn size, burn depth, inhalation injury, and gender to those in the PRE group. There were 66 patients evaluated: 18% female, 42 ± 13 years of age, burn size of 38% ± 21%TBSA. There was a statistically significant difference in wound healing rates (0.7% ± 0.5%TBSA/day PRE vs 1.1% ± 0.5%TBSA/day POST, P = .037). There was also significantly less sepsis (70%PRE vs 41%POST, P = .021). There were no statistically significant differences between groups in ischemic bowel (0%PRE vs 4%POST, P = .159), invasive fungal wound infection rates (14%PRE vs 5%POST, P = .245), or mortality (16%PRE, 9%POST; P = .447). We found a statistically significant increase in wound healing rates when administering a higher proportion of carbohydrate to our patients with severe burns.
Scientific production on electrical burns: a bibliometric analysis (1946-2023)
Authors: Cueva-Ramírez José Enrique , Gonzalez-Alcaide Gregorio , Ramos-Rincon Jose-Manuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Electrical burns constitute a serious public health challenge. It is crucial to identify trends, advancements, and possible future research areas in this field. The aim is to analyze the scientific production on electrical burns using bibliometric methods. Eligible documents contained the MeSH descriptor “Burns, Electric” and were listed both in PubMed and in the Web of Science Core collection. The bibliometric analysis was based on several quantitative indicators. The analysis included 1456 articles from 455 journals. The annual average was 28.1 articles, with a growth rate of 2.08% from 1946 to 2024. The USA produced the most articles (n = 657), followed by China (n = 184). The USA also led in international collaboration, working with 26 countries. Harvard University was the leading institution (n = 85), and Burns the leading journal (n = 265). The most common subject category of the research was Surgery (31.97% of documents). Wang XW was the most prolific author (n = 21), while Lee RC had the most citations (n = 648). The main clinical MeSH descriptors were ”Surgical flaps” (n = 233), “Skin transplantation” (n = 159), and “Electric injuries” (n = 136). The results show slight growth in scientific production on electrical burns. The USA is leading research in this field.
Female oviposition decisions are influenced by the microbial environment
Authors: Fowler Emily K , Friend Lucy A , Churchill Emily R , Yu Douglas W , Archetti Marco , Bourke Andrew F G , Bretman Amanda , Chapman Tracey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In ovipositing animals, egg placement decisions can be key determinants of offspring survival. One oviposition strategy reported across taxa is laying eggs in clusters. In some species, mothers provision eggs with diffusible defence compounds, such as antimicrobials, raising the possibility of public good benefits arising from egg clustering. Here we report that Drosophila melanogaster females frequently lay eggs in mixed-maternity clusters. We tested two hypotheses for potential drivers of this oviposition behaviour: (i) the microbial environment affects fecundity and egg placement in groups of females; (ii) eggs exhibit antimicrobial activity. The results partially supported the first hypothesis. Females reduced egg laying but did not alter egg clustering, on non-sterile substrates that had been naturally colonized with microbes from the environment. However, oviposition remained unaffected when the substrate community consisted of commensal (fly-associated) microbes. The second hypothesis was not supported. There was no evidence of antimicrobial activity, either in whole eggs or in soluble egg-surface material. In conclusion, while we found no behavioural or physiological evidence that egg clustering decisions are shaped by the opportunity to share antimicrobials, females are sensitive to their microbial environment and can adjust egg-laying rates accordingly.
The sweet taste inhibitor lactisole affects aphid feeding behavior and performance
Authors: Cao He-He , Ban Ning , Liu Zhi-Fu , Li Zhe , Tian Jia-Fei , Lu Zhaozhi , Qiao Jian-Wen , Liu Tong-Xian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aphids and numerous other phloem-feeding insects primarily rely on sucrose in the phloem to locate their feeding sites. However, it is still unclear whether this sweet perception process could serve as a target for aphid control. In this study, we investigated the impact of the sweet taste inhibitor sodium salt of 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-propionic acid (lactisole), a widely used food additive that binds to sugar receptors, on the feeding behavior and performance of aphids. Our findings indicate that both the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) avoided settling on an artificial diet containing lactisole or on host plants treated with lactisole. In addition, these aphid species showed reduced weights when feeding on the artificial diet containing lactisole or on seedlings root drenched by lactisole. Furthermore, data from the electrical penetration graph revealed that S. avenae exhibited a greater number of phloem probes but significantly shorter mean and total phloem ingestion durations when feeding on wheat plants root-drenched by lactisole. It is worth noting, however, that root drenched by lactisole had a significant inhibitory effect on plant growth. These findings suggest that the sweet taste inhibitor lactisole may reduce aphid feeding preference and growth, offering a new avenue for aphid control strategies.
Overcoming the circularity divide: accelerating a circular apparel transition in Africa through trade
Authors: van der Ven Colette 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Trade is critical to unlocking the global circular transition. However, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often struggle to reap these benefits. With a focus on Africa’s textile and apparel sector, this article explores how LMICs can leverage trade and trade agreements to accelerate a circular transition domestically. It identifies circular economy opportunities in the textile and apparel sector in Africa, and includes an analysis of how African countries can leverage relevant agreements of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) to unlock these opportunities. In doing so, this article highlights the need for LMICs to adopt a proactive approach to fully utilize the opportunities presented by the circular transition.
‘Living in a world of ambivalence’: The complexity of home in exile
Authors: Tozan Oudai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The concept of home is a complicated topic for many migrants, and the dynamics of forced migration add more complexity to the concept of home. This paper shows how exile and forced migration complicate the various dimensions of the home concept, leading to ambivalence in people’s relationships with their previous homes. In particular, the paper unpacks four dilemmas related to home that forced migrants might experience. These are as follows: what helps people connect with home triggers their difficult feelings, when homeland does not feel like home anymore, missing what no longer exists and wanting to connect with home but also disconnect. As I have direct and personal experience of exile, I used a heuristic methodology that involves self-search, self-dialogue, and self-discovery to understand the nature and meaning of the phenomena. I also interviewed 13 people in exile to explore the various aspects of forced migrants’ experiences with the concept of home.
Formal and informal integration in contexts of displacement: Exploring implications for youth civic identities
Authors: Pincock Kate , Jones Nicola , Youssef Sally , Al Heiwidi Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A vast number of young refugees are formally excluded from basic civil, political, and social rights in the countries where they have lived for many years, with little prospect of safe return to (and citizenship in) the places their families fled. While development policies frame youth civic participation as key to creating inclusive futures, frameworks like the Global Compact on Refugees focus on labour market integration, without reference to young people or their political subjectivities. This article draws on children’s political geographies and an intersectional approach to analyse findings from research with displaced youth in Jordan and Lebanon. Data show that although legal recognition is important, historical geopolitical dynamics, economic precarity, location, and gender significantly shape how young refugees relate to host states and navigate refugee- and nationality-based identities across and within contexts. These findings nuance understandings of young refugees’ civic identities as shaped by both interpersonal and institutional marginalization.
Concurrent Surgical Care in an Austere Military Setting: A Preparation for Mass Casualty Events
Authors: Benham Lindsay , Brocuglio Taylor , Maxwell Dylan , Becerra David 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background
The U.S. military utilizes small, forward deployed surgical teams to provide Role 2 surgical care in austere environments. These small teams are intended to be able to perform damage control resuscitation and surgery in the event of a mass casualty incident. Our team set out to demonstrate a proof of concept evolution by utilizing 2 operating rooms concurrently with a single certified registered nurse anesthetist and single surgeon to maximize the temporal efficiency of care by performing 4 elective surgical cases staggered in 2 rooms while deployed on an amphibious warship.

Materials and Methods
The surgical component of the Fleet Surgical Team is composed of a single general surgeon, a certified registered nurse anesthetist (acting as an independent practitioner), an operating room registered nurse, a critical care registered nurse, 5 surgical technicians, and 2 general duty corpsmen (consider these individuals roughly equivalent to a licensed practical nurse). Four elective surgical cases were selected to be performed on the USS Wasp while underway on the same date, divided between 2 adjacent operating suites to replicate the logistics of overlapping surgical care required during a mass casualty event.

Results
The average surgical care overlap time during the 3 turnover periods was 33 min. The total time saved over the course of the 4 case day, when factoring in both surgical care overlap time and natural turnover time, was 2 h and 33 min.

Conclusions
In the setting of multiple injured combat patients, this time saved is enough for an additional damage control trauma operation. When time is the critical factor in preventing both morbidity and mortality, the ability of a deployed surgical team to coordinate concurrent surgical care is of paramount importance. This report can act as a template for future austere surgical teams who encounter multiple simultaneous surgical casualties.
Low-mass runaways from the Orion Nebula Cluster – kinematic age constraints on star cluster formation
Authors: Fajrin Muhammad , Armstrong Joseph J , Tan Jonathan C , Farias Juan P , Eyer Laurent 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
In their early, formative stages star clusters can undergo rapid dynamical evolution leading to strong gravitational interactions and ejection of “runaway” stars at high velocities. While O/B runaway stars have been well studied, lower-mass runaways are so far very poorly characterized, even though they are expected to be much more common. We carried out spectroscopic observations with MAG2-MIKE to follow-up 27 high priority candidate runaways consistent with having been ejected from the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) $\gt 2.5$ Myr ago, based on Gaia astrometry. We derive spectroscopic youth indicators (Li and H $\alpha$) and radial velocities, enabling detection of bona fide runaway stars via signatures of youth and 3D traceback. We successfully confirmed 11 of the candidates as low-mass Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) on the basis of our spectroscopic criteria and derived radial velocities (RVs) with which we performed 3D traceback analysis. Three of these confirmed YSOs have kinematic ejection ages $\gt 4\:$ Myr, with the oldest being 4.7 Myr. Assuming that these stars indeed formed in the ONC and were then ejected, this yields an estimate for the overall formation time of the ONC to be at least $\sim 5\:$ Myr, i.e. about 10 free-fall times, and with a mean star formation efficiency per free-fall time of $\bar{\epsilon }_{\rm ff}\lesssim 0.05$. These results favour a scenario of slow, quasi-equilibrium star cluster formation, regulated by magnetic fields and/or protostellar outflow feedback.
Optical flares detected on a contact binary: the first photometric and spectroscopic analysis of a long-period low mass ratio contact binary HAT 307-0007476
Authors: Li Ling-Zhi , Li Kai , Gao Xiang , Chen Xiao-Dian , Feng Shuai , Gao Dong-Yang , Guo Di-Fu , Chen Xu , Gao Xing , Sun Guo-You , Bai Shahidin Yaqup Chunhai , Esamdin Ali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
This paper presents the photometric and spectroscopic analysis of a long-period totally eclipsing contact binary (HAT 307-0007476) for the first time. This system is a low mass ratio ($q\sim 0.114$) and medium contact binary ($f\sim 37.1~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$). Two flare events were detected in multiple bands observations in December 2022. The interval between the two flare events is 4 d. The average duration of these two flares is about 2289 s. Both the two flares achieve the energy levels of superflares. The excess emission of the H$_\alpha$ line in the LAMOST spectra of this object was analysed, indicating its chromospheric activity. The O–C diagram showed a long-term orbital period increase, which is due to the mass transfer between the two component stars. We conclude that HAT 307-0007476 is currently in a stable region based on both Jspin/Jorb and the comparison between the instability parameters and its current values.
The FLAMINGO project: the coupling between baryonic feedback and cosmology in light of the S8 tension
Authors: Elbers Willem , Frenk Carlos S , Jenkins Adrian , Li Baojiu , Helly John C , Kugel Roi , Schaller Matthieu , Schaye Joop , Braspenning Joey , Kwan Juliana , McCarthy Ian G , Salcido Jaime , van Daalen Marcel P , Vandenbroucke Bert , Pascoli Silvia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Large-scale structure surveys have reported measurements of the density of matter, $\Omega _\mathrm{m}$, and the amplitude of clustering, $\sigma _8$, that are in tension with the values inferred from observations of the cosmic microwave background. While this may be a sign of new physics that slows the growth of structure at late times, strong astrophysical feedback processes could also be responsible. In this work, we argue that astrophysical processes are not independent of cosmology and that their coupling naturally leads to stronger baryonic feedback in cosmological models with suppressed structure formation or when combined with a mechanism that removes dark matter from haloes. We illustrate this with two well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model known to suppress structure formation: massive neutrinos and decaying dark matter. Our results, based on the FLAMINGO suite of hydrodynamical simulations, show that the combined effect of baryonic and non-baryonic suppression mechanisms is greater than the sum of its parts, particularly for decaying dark matter. We also show that the dependence of baryonic feedback on cosmology can be modelled as a function of the ratio $f_\mathrm{b}/c^2_\mathrm{v}\sim f_\mathrm{b}/(\Omega _\mathrm{m}\sigma _8)^{1/4}$ of the universal baryon fraction, $f_\mathrm{b}$, to a velocity-based definition of halo concentration, $c^2_\mathrm{v}$, giving an accurate fitting formula for the baryonic suppression of the matter power spectrum. Although the combination of baryonic and non-baryonic suppression mechanisms can resolve the tension, the models with neutrinos and decaying dark matter are challenged by constraints on the expansion history.
A single-arm phase 2 study of abemaciclib in adult patients with recurrent grade 3 oligodendroglioma
Authors: Wills Carson A , Mohan Suyash , Nabavizadeh Ali , Patel Thara , Prior Timothy , Mansour Maikel , McCoy Emily , Shah Shivani , Angeloni Natalie , O’Neill Meghan , Frangos Suzanne , Blessing Caroline , Coghlan Leah , Maloney Eileen , Wileyto E Paul , Desai Arati S , Bagley Stephen J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Novel treatments are needed for oligodendroglioma that has recurred following radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy. The cyclin D1–CDK4 axis is frequently dysregulated in oligodendroglioma. Abemaciclib is a selective CDK4/6 inhibitor that achieves pharmacologically relevant concentrations in brain tumor tissue.

Methods
We conducted a single-arm, phase 2 trial evaluating the efficacy of abemaciclib in patients with recurrent oligodendroglioma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted, WHO grade 3, following prior RT and ≥1 line of alkylating chemotherapy. Patients received abemaciclib 200 mg twice daily. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival at 6 months (PFS-6).

Results
Ten patients were enrolled. The most common treatment-related adverse event was grade 1–2 diarrhea, occurring in all patients. Five patients (50%) were alive and progression-free at 6 months, below the minimum required (80%) to meet the primary endpoint. In patients with enhancing tumor (n = 9), best response was partial response in 2 patients (objective radiographic response = 22.2%; duration of response [DOR] 13.1 and 7.7 months), stable disease (SD) in 3 patients (33.3%; duration of SD 17.0, 6.7, and 2.5 months), progressive disease in 3 patients (33.3%), and nonevaluable in 1 patient (11.1%). The patient with nonenhancing tumor showed SD lasting 10.2 months. Median PFS was 7.7 months (95% CI, 1.7–13.1 months); median overall survival was not reached (median follow-up 17 months).

Conclusions
The efficacy of abemaciclib in recurrent grade 3 oligodendroglioma was inadequate to warrant further evaluation as monotherapy in unselected patients. However, given the objective responses and durable disease control observed in a subset of patients, further studies are warranted to identify subgroups that may benefit.
Temozolomide chemotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma in the CENTRIC EORTC 26071-22072 and CORE trials: Does time of administration matter?
Authors: Geurts Marjolein , Berchtold Luzia , Koenig Franz , Nabors Burt , Reardon David A , Tonn Joerg C , Stupp Roger , Gorlia Thierry , Weller Michael , Preusser Matthias ,   EORTC Brain Tumor Group
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Preclinical work and retrospective studies suggest that temozolomide chemotherapy in glioblastoma may be more effective when administered in the morning rather than the evening. Here we examine the effect of timing in a large cohort of patients in 2 contemporaneous randomized clinical trials.

Methods
We assessed toxicity and survival data in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma enrolled in the CENTRIC EORTC 26071-22072 (n = 545, MGMT methylated) and CORE (n = 265, MGMT unmethylated) trials. We compared the outcome and toxicity of patients who took maintenance (adjuvant) temozolomide (TMZ) either in the morning (TMZ-m), afternoon (TMZ-a) or in the evening (TMZ-e).

Results
In CENTRIC and CORE, n = 102/260 (39%) and 50/198 (25%) received TMZ in the morning versus n = 35/260 (13%) and 34/198 (17%) in the evening. There was no difference in overall survival (OS) between the TMZ-m and TMZ-e groups (CENTRIC: adjusted mOS 20.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 18.4-23.4) TMZ-m vs 21.1 months (95% CI, 18.4-24.5) TMZ-e; adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 0.93 (95% CI, 0.63-1.39); P = .7; CORE: adjusted mOS, 10.9 months (95%CI, 9.7-11.8) TMZ-m vs 11.4 months (95%CI, 9.9-12.9) TMZ-e; adjusted HR, 0.87, 95%CI, 0.55-1.38); P = .6). The TMZ-m group had a higher proportion of bone marrow toxicity (CENTRIC: TMZ-m 33% vs TMZ-e 11%, P = .013, CORE: TMZ-m 24% vs TMZ-e 3%, P &lt; .01).

Conclusion
In this post hoc analysis, we found no difference in outcome based on the time of TMZ administration. Bone marrow toxicity might occur more frequently when temozolomide is administered in the morning. Given the limitation to data from deceased patients only, these analyses should be viewed as exploratory only.
Describing ZYN-Related Content on TikTok: Content Analysis
Authors: Donaldson Scott I , La Capria Kathryn , DeJesus Amanda , Ganz Ollie , Delnevo Cristine D , Allem Jon-Patrick 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Nicotine pouches are the fastest-growing oral smokeless tobacco or nicotine product category in the United States, and there are concerns about their potential appeal to youth. Few studies have surveilled discussions about nicotine pouches on TikTok, an audiovisual platform popular among youth. To address this gap, this study conducted a content analysis of TikTok posts related to the leading nicotine pouch brand, ZYN.

Aims and Methods
Publicly available posts (N = 665) from 10 ZYN-related hashtags were collected from the TikTok Application Programming Interface (API) between January 2023 and February 2024. The number of likes, comments, shares, and plays was collected for each post and the number of followers for each account profile was recorded. Posts were coded for themes such as product marketing and use, health warnings, and demographics.

Results
The most prevalent theme was humor (n = 581, 87.4%), followed by product use (n = 378, 56.8%), and branded merchandise (n = 378, 56.8%). Young people (ie persons in the video who appeared younger than 30) were identified in 48.3% (n = 321) of posts, and 61.5% (n = 409) of posts featured people who appeared to be male. Cessation (n = 12, 1.8%) was an uncommon theme. Most posts came from noncommercial accounts (n = 420, 63.1%), followed by commercial accounts (n = 158, 23.8%), and content creators/influencers (n = 87, 13.1%).

Conclusions
This study showed that ZYN-related posts on TikTok often featured pro-tobacco themes, such as humor and product use, while rarely mentioning anti-tobacco themes such as cessation. Future research should examine the relationship between exposure to pro-tobacco content on TikTok and tobacco-related attitudes and behaviors.

Implications
This study highlighted the potential role of TikTok in normalizing tobacco and nicotine product use, and in particular ZYN product use, including among youth. While increased enforcement of online tobacco control policies can help reduce exposure to ZYN-related content in youth, prevention programs and interventions that incorporate tobacco-related digital media literacy are needed to inoculate adolescents and young adults from the pro-tobacco content found online.