bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phononic-subsurface flow stabilization by subwavelength locally resonant metamaterials
Authors: Kianfar Armin , Hussein Mahmoud I 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The interactions between a solid surface and a fluid flow underlie dynamical processes relevant to air, sea, and land vehicle performance and numerous other technologies. Key among these processes are unstable flow disturbances that contribute to fundamental transformations in the flow field. Precise control of these disturbances is possible by introducing a phononic subsurface (PSub). This comprises locally attaching a finite phononic structure nominally perpendicular to an elastic surface exposed to the flowing fluid. This structure experiences ongoing excitation by an unstable flow mode, or more than one mode, traveling in conjunction with the mean flow. The excitation generates small deformations at the surface that trigger elastic wave propagation within the structure, traveling away from the flow and reflecting at the end of the structure to return to the fluid-structure interface and back into the flow. By targeted tuning of the unit-cell and finite-structure characteristics of the PSub, the returning waves may be devised to resonate and reenter the flow out of phase, leading to significant destructive interference of the continuously incoming flow waves near the surface and subsequently to their attenuation over the spatial extent of the control region. This entire mechanism is passive, responsive, and engineered offline without needing coupled fluid-structure simulations; only the flow instability’s frequency, wavelength, and overall modal characteristics must be known. Disturbance stabilization in a wall-bounded transitional flow leads to delay in laminar-to-turbulent transition and reduction in skin-friction drag. Destabilization is also possible by alternatively designing the PSub to induce constructive interference, which is beneficial for delaying flow separation and enhancing chemical mixing and combustion. In this paper, we present a PSub in the form of a locally resonant elastic metamaterial, designed to operate in the elastic subwavelength regime and hence being significantly shorter in length compared to a phononic-crystal-based PSub. This is enabled by utilizing a sub-hybridization resonance. Using direct numerical simulations of channel flows, both types of PSubs are investigated, and their controlled spatial and energetic influence on the wall-bounded flow behavior is demonstrated and analyzed. We show that the PSub’s effect is spatially localized as intended, with a rapidly diminishing streamwise influence away from its location in the subsurface.
Interplay of noise, memory and entangling operator in quantum Stackelberg-Bertrand duopoly game
Authors: Kameshwari A V S , Balakrishnan S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this work, we make an attempt to understand how noise, memory and entangling operators collectively decide the profit of the firms Here we have studied the quantum version of Stackelberg-Bertrand duopoly game using modified EWL scheme in both correlated and uncorrelated noise channels. When this game is analyzed for amplitude damping channels following interesting results are obtained: Firstly, decoherence in channel 2 effects the profit function of the firms more than that of channel 1. Secondly, in the case of correlated noise memory prevents the death of entanglement at maximum noise. Finally, the profit function of the firms depends upon noise, memory, strategies, and entangling operator in any given game setting.
Photonic crystal with magnified resonant peak for biosensing applications
Authors: Zaky Zaky A , Al-Dossari M , Saleh Nahla , Abdelhady Maha M , Sharma Arvind , Zhaketov V D , Aly Arafa H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A theoretically and numerically photonic crystal structure with parity-time symmetry is investigated to realize the design of a biomedical sensor for biosensing applications. The transmittance spectra of the structure are investigated, and various performance parameters are evaluated. Different structure parameters such as the unit cell number, the thickness of the sample layer, macroscopic Lorentz oscillation intensity in the PT-symmetry unit cell, the porosity of gallium nitride, and incident angle are theoretically and numerically investigated. To improve the performance of the device, an optimization technique is used. The relatively high sensitivities of 496 nm RIU (the change in the resonant peak wavelength per refractive index unit) and 1002142%/RIU (the change in the transmittance of the resonant peak per refractive index unit) are achieved. The proposed device can be a relatively high-precision detection device for biosensing applications.
Baryogenesis inspired by some modified entropies
Authors: Saleem R , Saleem Aqsa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Entropy is defined as a measure of the degree of disorder or randomness in a system and is expressed in thermodynamic terms as the inability of thermal energy to be converted into mechanical work. In this work, we use different types of entropies such as Barrow entropy (BE), Sharma-Mittal entropy (SME), and generalized construction of these entropies. We use the above-mentioned entropies to discuss the issue of baryogenesis and then we find constraints on the entropies parameters to get the physical results of

n

B

S

compared to the standard observational value. To derive the modified Friedmann field equations (FFEs), we use entropies and the first law of thermodynamics. Thus, even in the presence of the typical interaction between the Ricci scalar and baryon current, this results in non-trivial modifications to the mass density and pressure content of the Universe, which provides a viable mechanism allowing for baryogenesis. Finally, we show that even in the radiation-dominant era baryon asymmetry factor (BAF) is non-zero. We conclude, BE parameter 0 ≤ Δ < 1, SME parameters R and δ with positive δ ≥ 4.2 × 1038 (keeping fixed R = 1) while at constant δ = 9 × 1028 for all values of R and for the generalized entropy parameter positive β ≤ 2.4 × 10−28 (fixing γ = α = 5); α ≤ 3.5 × 10−23 (for γ = 1.2 and β = 3) and γ ≥ 1.1 × 106 (at α = 3 × 10−20, β = 3), we have physically desired results on the observational ground.
Optically controllable high-frequency photonic band gaps using modified superradiance lattice
Authors: Shabbir Atif , Qamar Sajid 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We report that modified superradiance lattice (2023, Phys. Scr.
98 015 105) can be used to obtain high-frequency photonic band gaps which are controllable using low-frequency light. Here, we also notice that the maximum reflectivity of these photonic band gaps can be achieved via low-frequency light control. This maximum reflectivity remains constant for a certain range of probe detuning depending upon the strength of the control field. We also report that this can lead to experimental realization of the soft x-ray regime (high-frequency) via 61st-order low-frequency light using Be2+ ions, the corresponding reflectivity in this case is 96%. Therefore, one can construct controllable x-ray photonic band gaps which can further be used to devise optical switches, beam splitters, and frequency combs. Moreover, this scheme holds the promise of working efficiently in all types of other configurations where reflection of high-frequency light is needed using nth order low-frequency light.
Exact Bianchi type-I inflationary model with non-minimally coupled scalar field
Authors: Bairagi Mithun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the present work, we try to build up an inflationary model within the framework of Bianchi type-I spacetime using a non-minimally coupled, homogeneous, self-interacting canonical scalar field. Specifically, using the Lie symmetry method, we are able to find some novel exact solutions to the Einstein field equations by assuming a power-law relationship between the scalar field and average scale factor. These symmetry-based solutions have been used to derive the values of some important parameters of the anisotropic universe. In this anisotropic model, we find that the volume of space expands with time in an inflationary scenario, depicting the Universe’s accelerating phases. An important characteristic of this model is that it initially represents anisotropic spacetime and then isotropizes the spacetime as time goes on, which favors recent cosmological observations.
Stability of non-degenerate Ricci-type Palatini theories
Authors: Annala Jaakko , Räsänen Syksy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study the stability of theories where the gravitational action has arbitrary algebraic dependence on the three first traces of the Riemann tensor: the Ricci tensor, the co-Ricci tensor, and the homothetic curvature tensor. We collectively call them Ricci-type tensors. We allow arbitrary coupling to matter. We consider the case when the connection is unconstrained, and the cases when either torsion or non-metricity is assumed to vanish. We find which combinations of Ricci-type tensors lead to new degrees of freedom around Minkowski and FLRW space, and when there are ghosts. None of the theories with new degrees of freedom are healthy, except the previously known case when torsion is zero and the action depends only on the Ricci tensor. We find that projective invariance is not a sufficient condition for a theory to be ghost-free.
Scale-dependent gravitational couplings in Parameterised Post-Newtonian Cosmology
Authors: Thomas Daniel B. , Clifton Timothy , Anton Theodore 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Parameterised Post-Newtonian Cosmology (PPNC) is a theory-agnostic framework for testing gravity in cosmology, which connects gravitational physics on small and large scales in the Universe. It is a direct extension of the Parameterised Post-Newtonian (PPN) approach to testing gravity in isolated astrophysical systems, and therefore allows constraints on gravity from vastly different physical regimes to be compared and combined. We investigate the application of this framework to a class of example scalar-tensor theories of gravity in order to verify theoretical predictions, and to investigate for the first time the scale-dependence of the gravitational couplings that appear within its perturbation equations. In doing so, we evaluate the performance of some simple interpolating functions in the transition region between small and large cosmological scales, as well as the uncertainties that using such functions would introduce into the calculation of observables. We find that all theoretical predictions of the PPNC framework are verified to high accuracy in the relevant regimes, and that simple interpolating functions perform well (but not perfectly) between these regimes. This study is an important step towards being able to use the PPNC framework to analyse cosmological datasets, and to thereby test if/how the gravitational interaction has changed as the Universe has evolved.
Time-delayed neutrino emission from supernovae as a probe of dark matter-neutrino interactions
Authors: Carpio Jose Alonso , Kheirandish Ali , Murase Kohta 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Thermal MeV neutrino emission from core-collapse supernovae offers a unique opportunity to
probe physics beyond the Standard Model in the neutrino sector. The next generation of neutrino
experiments, such as DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande, can detect 𝒪(103) and
𝒪(104) neutrinos in the event of a Galactic supernova, respectively. As supernova
neutrinos propagate to Earth, they may interact with the local dark matter via hidden mediators
and may be delayed with respect to the initial neutrino signal. We show that for sub-MeV dark
matter, the presence of dark matter-neutrino interactions may lead to neutrino echoes with
significant time delays. The absence or presence of this feature in the light curve of MeV
neutrinos from a supernova allows us to probe parameter space that has not been explored by dark
matter direct detection experiments.
Probing the interaction between dark energy and dark matter with future fast radio burst observations
Authors: Zhao Ze-Wei , Wang Ling-Feng , Zhang Ji-Guo , Zhang Jing-Fei , Zhang Xin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Interacting dark energy (IDE) scenario assumes that there exists a direct interaction between dark energy and cold dark matter, but this interaction is hard to be tightly constrained by the current data. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) will be seen in large numbers by future radio telescopes, and thus they have potential to become a promising low-redshift cosmological probe. In this work, we investigate the capability of future FRBs of constraining the dimensionless coupling parameter β in four phenomenological IDE models. If we fix the FRB properties, about 105 FRB data can give constraints on β tighter than the current cosmic microwave background data in the IDE models with the interaction proportional to the energy density of dark energy. In all the IDE models, about 106 FRB data can achieve the absolute errors of β to less than 0.10, providing a way to precisely measure β by only one cosmological probe. Jointly constraining the FRB properties and cosmological parameters would increase the constraint errors of β by a factor of about 0.5–2.
Angular distribution of low momentum atmospheric muons at ground level
Authors: Briki I. , Mazouz M. , Ghedira L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We report measurements of the angular distributions of low momentum atmospheric muons at
38 m above sea level for zenith angles θ between -60 and 60 degrees in the south-north
direction. The muon detection was performed with two NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors mounted in
coincidence. An adjustable lead thickness placed between the detectors allowed to select muons
with a minimal momentum ranging from 0.3 to 0.9 GeV/c. The integrated and the differential muon
flux were determined by analyzing the deposited energy spectra in the scintillators backed up by a
Geant4 simulation of the experimental setup. The results are consistent with the
cos
n
(θ) distribution in good agreement with the literature. These data contribute to
fill the gap in the geomagnetic cutoff rigidity interval 8 GV < Pc
< 14 GV where no similar
measurements were performed before. We found that n = 1.88 - 0.12 Pμ
c
in this domain of muon
momenta cutoff Pμ
c
< 1 GeV/c. The present measurements are useful for many muon studies
requiring an accurate integrated flux.
Astrophysical plasma instabilities induced by long-range interacting dark matter
Authors: Cruz Akaxia , McQuinn Matthew 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
If dark matter is millicharged or darkly charged, collective plasma processes may dominate
momentum exchange over direct particle collisions. In particular, plasma streaming instabilities
can couple the momentum of the dark matter to counter-streaming baryons or other dark matter and
result in the counter-streaming fluids coming to rest with each other, just as happens for
baryonic collisionless shocks in astrophysical systems. While electrostatic plasma instabilites
(such as the two-stream) are highly suppressed by Landau damping when dark matter is millicharged,
in the cosmological situations of interest, electromagnetic instabilities such as the Weibel can
couple the momenta, assuming that the linear instability saturates in the manner typically found
for baryonic plasmas. We find that the streaming of dark matter in the pre-Recombination universe
is affected more strongly by direct collisions than collective processes, validating previous
constraints. However, when considering unmagnetized instabilities the properties of the Bullet
Cluster merger and other merging cluster systems (which show dark matter streaming through itself)
are likely to be substantially altered if [qχ
/mχ
] ≳ 10-4, where
[qχ
/mχ
] is the charge-to-mass ratio of the dark matter relative to that of the proton.
When a magnetic field is added consistent with cluster observations, the Weibel and Firehose
instabilities result in sufficiently fast growth to reach saturation for [qχ
/mχ
] ≳
10-12–10-11. The Weibel growth rates are even faster in the case of a dark-U(1) charge
(because “hot” electrons do not damp the instability), potentially ruling out [qχ
/mχ
]
≳ 10-14 in the Bullet Cluster system, in agreement with [1]. The
strongest previous limits on millicharged dark matter (mDM) arise from considering the spin-down
of galactic disks [2]. We show that plasma instabilities or tangled background
magnetic fields could lead to diffusive propagation of the dark matter, weakening these spin-down
limits. Thus, plasma instabilities may place some of the most stringent constraints over much of
the millicharged, and our results corroborate previous extremely stringent potential constraints
on the dark-charged parameter space.
Phantom scalar-tensor models and cosmological tensions
Authors: Ballardini Mario , Ferrari Angelo Giuseppe , Finelli Fabio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study three different extended scalar-tensor theories of gravity by also allowing a negative sign for
the kinetic term for the scalar field in the Jordan frame. Our scope is to understand how the observational
constraints for these models cope with the volume of the parameter space in which the theory is healthy.
Models with a negative kinetic term lead to decreasing effective gravitational constant with redshift and
behave as an effective relativistic component with a negative energy density as opposite to their corresponding
version with a standard kinetic term. As a consequence, we find that the extended branch with a negative sign
for the kinetic term correspond in general to lower H
0 and σ
8 compared to ΛCDM. We find
that in all the cases with a negative sign for the kinetic term studied here, cosmological observations
constrain these models around GR and prefer a volume of the parameter space in which the theory is not healthy
since the scalar field behave as a ghost also in the related Einstein frame.
We show that also in the phantom branch early modify gravity with a quartic coupling can substantially
reduce the H
0 tension fitting the combination of cosmic microwave background data from Planck,
baryon acoustic oscillations from BOSS and eBOSS, and Supernovae from the Pantheon sample with calibration
information by SH0ES.
Using EEG signals to assess workload during memory retrieval in a real-world scenario
Authors: Chiang Kuan-Jung , Dong Steven , Cheng Chung-Kuan , Jung Tzyy-Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is gaining popularity as a physiological measure for neuroergonomics in human factor studies because it is objective, less prone to bias, and capable of assessing the dynamics of cognitive states. This study investigated the associations between memory workload and EEG during participants’ typical office tasks on a single-monitor and dual-monitor arrangement. We expect a higher memory workload for the single-monitor arrangement. Approach. We designed an experiment that mimics the scenario of a subject performing some office work and examined whether the subjects experienced various levels of memory workload in two different office setups: (1) a single-monitor setup and (2) a dual-monitor setup. We used EEG band power, mutual information, and coherence as features to train machine learning models to classify high versus low memory workload states. Main results. The study results showed that these characteristics exhibited significant differences that were consistent across all participants. We also verified the robustness and consistency of these EEG signatures in a different data set collected during a Sternberg task in a prior study. Significance. The study found the EEG correlates of memory workload across individuals, demonstrating the effectiveness of using EEG analysis in conducting real-world neuroergonomic studies.
A low-power 1 Gb/s line driver with configurable pre-emphasis for
lossy transmission lines
Authors: St. John N. , Mandal S. , Miryala S. , Maj P. , Deptuch G.W. , Raguzin E. , Rescia S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A line driver with configurable pre-emphasis is implemented in a 65 nm
CMOS process. The driver utilizes a three-tap feed-forward equalization
architecture. The relative delays between the taps are selectable in increments
of 1/16th of the unit interval via an 8-stage delay-locked loop and digital
interpolator. It is also possible to control the output amplitude and source
impedance for each tap via a programmable array of eight source-series
terminated drivers. The entire design consumes 9 mW from a 1.2 V supply
at 1 Gb/s.
Inductively-coupled plasma discharge for use in high-energy-density science
experiments
Authors: Arrowsmith C.D. , Dyson A. , Gudmundsson J.T. , Bingham R. , Gregori G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Inductively-coupled plasma discharges are well-suited as
plasma sources for experiments in fundamental high-energy density
science, which require large volume and stable plasmas. For example,
experiments studying particle beam-plasma instabilities and the
emergence of coherent macroscopic structures — which are key for
modelling emission from collisionless shocks present in many
astrophysical phenomena. A meter-length, table-top, inductive
radio-frequency discharge has been constructed for use in a
high-energy density science experiment at CERN which will study
plasma instabilities of a relativistic electron-positron beam. In
this case, a large volume is necessary for the beam to remain inside
the plasma as it diverges to centimeter-scale diameters during the
tens-of-centimeters of propagation needed for instabilities to
develop. Langmuir probe measurements of the plasma parameters show
that plasma can be stably sustained in the discharge with electron
densities exceeding 1011 cm-3. The discharge has been
assembled using commercially-available components, making it an
accessible option for commissioning at a University laboratory.
The upgrade of the ASACUSA scintillating bar detector for antiproton annihilation measurements
Authors: Costantini Giovanni , Giorleo Luca , Gosta Giulia , Leali Marco , Mascagna Valerio , Migliorati Stefano , Prest Michela , Ronchetti Federico , Solazzi Luigi , Vallazza Erik , Venturelli Luca 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Antiproton annihilations on matter nuclei are usually detected by tracking the charged pions emitted in the process. A detector made of plastic scintillating bars have been built and used in the ASACUSA experiment for the last 10 years. Ageing, movements and transports caused stress on the internal mechanical structure and impacted mostly on the optical readout system which was eventually upgraded: the so far used multi-anode photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) have been replaced by silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) and the front-end electronics had to be adapted to cope with the new signal formation. This work describes the design and operations of the upgrade, as well as the validation tests with cosmic rays.
Magnetic shielding for large photoelectron multipliers for the OSIRIS facility of the JUNO detector
Authors: Smirnov O. , Korablev D. , Sotnikov A. , Stahl A. , Steinmann J. , Khudyakov V. , Avetissov I. , Zykova M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present technical design and characteristics of the magnetic shield developed for 20"
PMTs of the low-background OSIRIS facility. A ribbon of amorphous alloy with extreme magnetic
permeability was used in its design, providing excellent efficiency in screening the Earth's
magnetic field with a relatively small amount of material. The mass of materials is crucial to
construction of low-background facilities because of radioactive backgrounds. Using amorphous
materials is cost-efficient compared to other methods for screening the Earth's magnetic field.