bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship of hepatitis C risk to hepatitis C test acceptance among adult patients participating in an ED hepatitis C screening programme
Authors: Cowan Ethan , Brandspiegel Samantha , Araki Benjamin , O'Brien-Lambert Clare , Merchant Roland , Buckler David G , Eiting Erick , Calderon Yvette 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundIt is possible that adult ED patients consider their hepatitis C virus (HCV) risk factor history when deciding whether to accept HCV screening. To help address this question, we examined whether self-reporting any HCV risk was more common among ED patients who agreed than who declined HCV screening. Among ED patients who agreed to HCV screening, we also assessed if self-reporting any HCV risk was more common among those whose HCV antibody (Ab) and HCV viral load (VL) test results were positive.MethodsThis study was conducted among adult patients ≥18 years old participating in a universal, ED-based HCV screening programme in New York City between 22 January 2019 and 9 April 2020. Participants were surveyed about their HCV risk factors. Differences in the frequencies of self-reporting any HCV risk were compared according to HCV screening acceptance and by HCV Ab and VL status.ResultsOf the 4658 ED patients surveyed, 2846 (61%) accepted and 1812 (39%) declined HCV screening. Among these participants, 38% reported at least one HCV risk factor, most commonly injection drug use. Self-reporting any HCV risk was not more common among those who accepted versus declined HCV screening (40% vs 37%, p<0.7) but was more common among those with HCV Ab positive versus negative test results (36% vs 6%, p<0.001) and HCV VL positive versus negative results (95% vs 5%, p<0.001).ConclusionHCV risk factors were self-reported by more than one-third of ED patients but were not more commonly present among those who accepted HCV screening.
Biallelic mutations inCFAP54cause male infertility with severe MMAF and NOA
Authors: Tian Shixiong , Tu Chaofeng , He Xiaojin , Meng Lanlan , Wang Jiaxiong , Tang Shuyan , Gao Yang , Liu Chunyu , Wu Huan , Zhou Yiling , Lv Mingrong , Lin Ge , Jin Li , Cao Yunxia , Tang Dongdong , Zhang Feng , Tan Yue-Qiu 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundSpermatogenic impairments can lead to male infertility by different pathological conditions, such as multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) and non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Genetic factors are involved in impaired spermatogenesis.Methods and resultsHere, we performed genetic analyses through whole-exome sequencing in a cohort of 334 Han Chinese probands with severe MMAF or NOA. Biallelic variants ofCFAP54were identified in three unrelated men, including one homozygous frameshift variant (c.3317del, p.Phe1106Serfs*19) and two compound heterozygous variants (c.878G>A, p.Arg293His; c.955C>T, p.Arg319Cys and c.4885C>T, p.Arg1629Cys; c.937G>A, p.Gly313Arg). All of the identified variants were absent or extremely rare in the public human genome databases and predicted to be damaging by bioinformatic tools. The men harbouringCFAP54mutations exhibited abnormal sperm morphology, reduced sperm concentration and motility in ejaculated semen. Significant axoneme disorganisation and other ultrastructure abnormities were also detected inside the sperm cells from men harbouringCFAP54mutations. Furthermore, immunofluorescence assays showed remarkably reduced staining of four flagellar assembly-associated proteins (IFT20, IFT52, IFT122 and SPEF2) in the spermatozoa ofCFAP54-deficient men. Notably, favourable clinical pregnancy outcomes were achieved with sperm from men carryingCFAP54mutations after intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment.ConclusionOur genetic analyses and experimental observations revealed that biallelic deleterious mutations ofCFAP54can induce severe MMAF and NOA in humans.
Mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion strokes beyond 24 hours
Authors: Shaban Amir , Al Kasab Sami , Chalhoub Reda M , Bass Eric , Maier Ilko , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Alawieh Ali , Wolfe Stacey Q , Arthur Adam S , Dumont Travis M , Kan Peter , Kim Joon-tae , De Leacy Reade , Osbun Joshua W , Rai Ansaar T. , Jabbour Pascal , Park Min S , Crosa Roberto Javier , Mascitelli Justin R , Levitt Michael R , Polifka Adam J , Casagrande Walter , Yoshimura Shinichi , Matouk Charles , Williamson Richard , Gory Benjamin , Mokin Maxim , Fragata Isabel , Romano Daniele G , Chowdhry Shakeel A , Moss Mark , Behme Daniel , Limaye Kaustubh , Spiotta Alejandro M , Samaniego Edgar A 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundRecent clinical trials have shown that mechanical thrombectomy is superior to medical management for large vessel occlusion for up to 24 hours from onset. Our objective is to examine the safety and efficacy of thrombectomy beyond the standard of care window.MethodsA retrospective review was undertaken of the multicenter Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR). We identified patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion beyond 24 hours. We selected a matched control group from patients who underwent thrombectomy in the 6–24-hour window. We used functional independence at 3 months as our primary outcome measure.ResultsWe identified 121 patients who underwent thrombectomy beyond 24 hours and 1824 in the 6–24-hour window. We selected a 2:1 matched group of patients with thrombectomy 6–24 hours as a comparison group. Patients undergoing thrombectomy beyond 24 hours were less likely to be independent at 90 days (18 (18.8%) vs 73 (34.9%), P=0.005). They had higher odds of mortality at 90 days in the adjusted analysis (OR 2.34, P=0.023). Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and other complications were similar in the two groups. In a multivariate analysis only lower number of attempts was associated with good outcomes (OR 0.27, P=0.022).ConclusionsMechanical thrombectomy beyond 24 hours appears to be safe and tolerable with no more hemorrhages or complications compared with standard of care thrombectomy. Outcomes and mortality in this time window are worse compared with an earlier time window, but the rates of good outcomes may justify this therapy in selected patients.
Quality of dying and death in intensive care units: family satisfaction
Authors: Wen Fur-Hsing , Chiang Ming Chu , Huang Chung-Chi , Hu Tsung-Hui , Chou Wen-Chi , Chuang Li-Pang , Tang Siew Tzuh 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis cohort study identified patterns/classes of surrogates’ assessment of their relative’s quality of dying and death (QODD) and to evaluate their associations with family satisfaction with intensive care unit (ICU) care.MethodsWe identified QODD classes through latent class analysis of the frequency component of the QODD questionnaire and examined their differences in summary questions on the QODD and scores of the Family Satisfaction in the ICU questionnaire among 309 bereaved surrogates of ICU decedents.ResultsFour distinct classes (prevalence) were identified: high (41.3%), moderate (20.1%), poor-to-uncertain (21.7%) and worst (16.9%) QODD classes. Characteristics differentiate these QODD classes including physical symptom control, emotional preparedness for death, and amount of life-sustaining treatments (LSTs) received. Patients in the high QODD class had optimal physical symptom control, moderate-to-sufficient emotional preparedness for death and few LSTs received. Patients in the moderate QODD class had adequate physical symptom control, moderate-to-sufficient emotional preparedness for death and the least LSTs received. Patients in the poor-to-uncertain QODD class had inadequate physical symptom control, insufficient-uncertain emotional preparedness for death and some LSTs received. Patients in the worst QODD class had poorest physical symptom control, insufficient-to-moderate emotional preparedness for death and substantial LSTs received. Bereaved surrogates in the worst QODD class scored significantly lower in evaluations of the patient’s overall QODD, and satisfaction with ICU care and decision-making process than those in the other classes.ConclusionsThe identified distinct QODD classes offer potential actionable direction for improving quality of end-of-life ICU care.
Гігієнічна оцінка транслокації нових пестицидів у системі «ґрунт – рослина»
Authors: Коршун М. М. , Мартіянова Ю. В. , Коршун О. М. 
Published: January 2023

Резюме. Оцінка та мінімізація ризику шкідливого впливу пестицидів на здоров’я населення є важливим завданням профілактичної медицини. Зокрема, вивчення міграції нових пестицидів у системі «ґрунт – рослина» є актуальним з огляду на провідну роль перорального шляху їх надходження в організм людини.
Мета дослідження – встановити закономірності транслокації з ґрунту в сільськогосподарські культури нових пестицидів: тріазолонового гербіциду амікарбазону, трикетонового гербіциду біциклопірону та карбоксамідного фунгіциду підіфлуметофену.
Матеріали і методи. Проведено математичне моделювання міграції досліджуваних пестицидів у системі «ґрунт – рослина» з використанням рівнянь регресії, що описують залежність між гранично допустимою концентрацією (ГДК) речовини у ґрунті та її максимально допустимим рівнем (МДР) в продуктах харчування рослинного походження (І етап). У 3-х серіях лабораторних гігієнічних експериментів вивчено транслокацію амікарбазону, біциклопірону та підіфлуметофену в системі «ґрунт – рослина» (ІІ етап). Визначення вмісту досліджуваних речовин в зеленій масі хлібних зернових та овочевих культур здійснено методом високоефективної рідинної хроматографії.
Результати. Пороговими концентраціями в ґрунті за транслокаційним показником шкідливості визнано концентрації: амікарбазону – 0,2 мг/кг, біциклопірону – 0,25 мг/кг, підіфлуметофену – 0,12 мг/кг, які формуються в орному шарі ґрунту при внесенні досліджуваних пестицидів відповідно у 4-х, 5-и і 2-х максимальних нормах витрати і при яких вміст речовин у зеленій масі усіх фіто-тестів рослин не перевищить гігієнічно значущий рівень 0,02 мг/кг, 0,02 мг/кг та 0,01 мг/кг відповідно. Порівнюючи результати І та ІІ етапів дослідження, встановлено, що експериментально визначена порогова концентрація у ґрунті амікарбазону співпала із результатом математичного моделювання; біциклопірону – незначно (на 39 %) перевищила розрахунковий результат; підіфлуметофену – виявилася у 2,4 раза вищою за розрахункове значення.
Висновки. Встановлено, що міграція амікарбазону, біциклопірону та підіфлуметофену з ґрунту не перевищить їх гігієнічно значущий рівень у рослинах при їх вмісті у ґрунті відповідно 0,2 мг/кг; 0,25 мг/кг; 0,12 мг/кг і нижче. Метод математичного моделювання транслокації продемонстрував достатню прогностичну спроможність стосовно усіх 3 досліджуваних пестицидів. Отримані результати використані при обґрунтуванні ГДК амікарбазону, біциклопірону та підіфлуметофену в ґрунті.
FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL AND СOMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE FOR MASTERS OF MEDICINE IN UNIVERSITY CONDITIONS
Authors: Hnatyshyn S. I. , Novitska O. I. , Oliіnyk N. Ya. 
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the main aspects of the professional and communicative competence formation for the masters of medicine in university conditions, focuses attention on the “professional and communicative competence for masters of medicine” as a complex professional quality, clarifies the essence of the formation of this component of the professional training of highly qualified specialists in the medical field, reveals the means for mastering speech skills and abilities necessary for communication, a set of knowledge about the norms and rules of communication.
РОЛЬ ПРОЦЕСІВ ПЕРОКСИДНОГО ОКИСНЕННЯ ЛІПІДІВ У СЕРЦІ ЩУРІВ РІЗНОЇ СТАТІ В ДИНАМІЦІ РОЗВИТКУ ЧЕРЕПНО-МОЗКОВОЇ ТРАВМИ
Authors: Денефіль О. В. , Мединський М. І. , Салій З. В. , Куліцька М. І. , Андрійчук І. Я. , Усинський Р. С. 
Published: January 2023

Вступ. Останнім часом значно зросла кількість людей з політравмами, але й черепно-мозкова травма залишається значно поширеною. Для чоловіків із травмами голови характерний вищий ризик у всіх клініко-нозологічних групах порівняно з жінками. Провідною ланкою розвитку патології залишається оксидативний стрес, що впливає на різні органи та системи, в тому числі серцево-судинну.
Мета дослідження – оцінити розвиток оксидативного стресу в гомогенаті серця щурів різної статі в різні періоди розвитку закритої черепно-мозкової травми.
Методи дослідження. Досліди виконано на 80 безпородних щурах різної статі масою 190–240 г. Тварин поділили на 2 групи: контроль, черепно-мозкова травма. Травму щурам наносили під тіопентал-нат­рієвим наркозом шляхом однократного дозованого удару по черепу з енергією 0,375 Дж у точці, що розміщується на 5 мм допереду від міжвушної лінії. Забій тварин проводили в контролі, через 1, 7, 14 і 28 діб після моделювання травми. Здійснювали забір серця, в гомогенаті якого визначали вміст дієнових кон’югатів, ТБК-активних продуктів, супероксиддисмутазну і каталазну активність. Виконували морфологічне дослідження міокарда в препаратах, зафарбованих за Гейденгайном.
Результати й обговорення. У контролі в самців, порівняно із самицями, переважали дієнові кон’югати, але супероксиддисмутазна і каталазна активність була нижчою. Протягом експерименту відмічено зростання показників дієнових кон’югатів і ТБК-активних продуктів більшою мірою у самців, при цьому супероксиддисмутазна і каталазна активність залишалася вищою в самиць. До кінця експерименту не спостерігали відновлення досліджуваних показників.
Висновки. Розвиток оксидативного стресу в серці щурів при черепно-мозковій травмі залежить від вихідної активності антиоксидантної системи і статі. Більш виражене ушкодження відмічено у самців. Вища активність антиоксидантів запобігає значному ураженню міокарда.
Introduction: Toward Critical Game Design
Authors: Malazita James , O'Donnell Casey 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This special issue addresses the epistemological, institutional, and political challenges of integrating critical games scholarship with game development practices and pedagogy. The featured essays help form a foundation for Critical Game Design and draw from intellectual traditions and debates not only from both game studies and game design, but from the classical design disciplines as well. We aim to build more connective tissue and collaboration between game design and the broader design disciplines, allowing space for research, scholarship, and creative work that drives the underlying epistemological core of the many spaces in which all designers find themselves educated and employed.
Primary Splenic Ectopic Pregnancy Managed With Angioembolization and Splenectomy
Authors: Kelley Kathryn C. , How Wei Quan , Bassik Noy , Patel Prashant R. , To Jennifer Q. , Rambaran Ryan N. 
Published: January 2023

A primary splenic ectopic pregnancy is an extremely rare entity; one that is fraught with life-threatening risks due to potential for acute hemorrhage. The diagnosis is challenging to make, and once detected, there is a distinct sense of urgency to perform operative intervention (splenectomy) prior to any impending rupture. This report describes the case of a 34-year-old female, gravida 5, para 3013, at estimated 4 weeks gestation with a 2.1 × 1.3 cm ectopic pregnancy abutting the splenic hilum. Through multidisciplinary management with Obstetrics/Gynecology (OB/GYN), Interventional Radiology (IR), and General Surgery teams, the patient received preoperative non-elective splenic artery embolization to mitigate risk of rupture, followed by open splenectomy while remaining hemodynamically stable throughout the course of her treatment. As evidenced by this case, a multidisciplinary approach to this unusual clinical presentation leads to successful patient outcomes and prevents the devastating complication of acute hemorrhage.
Debating asylum psychiatry: Did Szasz misrepresent the Basaglian psychiatric project?
Authors: Balbuena Rivera Francisco 
Published: January 2023

Background: The Italian anti-institutional psychiatric movement is closely associated with the name of F. Basaglia, whom Szasz in his 188-page essay on antipsychiatry labels a ‘real phony’ (in similar terms to others considered antipsychiatrists such as D. Cooper, R. Laing, E. Goffman and M. Foucault). Specifically, Szasz says of Basaglia and his work in psychiatry that it’s a ‘prevarication-illusion about the end of asylum psychiatry in Italy’. Aim/objective: The aim of this paper is to determine whether Szasz’s assessments were reliably based on scholarly knowledge of Basaglia’s psychiatric work, or can better be attributed to Szasz’s misrepresentation of his Italian colleague. Methods: In considering this question, the paper is timely but, more importantly, it is also unique in considering Basaglia and Szasz together. It is beyond the scope of this article to examine Basaglia’s career in detail, and references to it will be made only to clarify Szasz’s assertions regarding Basaglia. Results and conclusions: As I will show here, Szasz misconstrued the Basaglian project for a new kind of psychiatry, and for the transformation and closure of the old asylum system. This erroneous view of Basaglia by Szasz is partly associated with his idea that Basaglia and other antipsychiatrists were supported by the modern socialist-therapeutic State.
Parental khat use and early childhood growth status in Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Teji Roba Kedir , Brewis Alexandra , Manning Mason , Hassen Jemal Yousuf 
Published: January 2023

Background Adult chewing of the stimulant plant khat ( Catha edulis) has an unclear relationship with child growth outcomes. Contradictory study conclusions because habitual khat chewing covary with increased household income from khat production. Aim Disentangling the association of parental khat use, household khat production, and child nutritional status and growth markers. Methods Bayesian analysis was applied to survey data for 2340 households containing 2760 children aged 24–60 months in a population-representative geographic sampling of two districts in Eastern Ethiopia, a khat chewing and producing region. Results Stunting effects were more evident than wasting; the negative child growth effect of khat chewing persisted regardless of household khat production; maternal chewing particularly mattered for child growth delays. Conclusions This exploratory analysis suggests that future studies should target the interactions of khat chewing practices with gendered performances of child care/feeding responsibilities.
Outcomes of cyanoacrylate closure of the truncal varicose vein insufficiency: A comparison between young and elderly patients
Authors: Yiğit Görkem 
Published: January 2023

Objectives Cyanoacrylate closure (CAC) procedure has become an alternative treatment method that has become increasingly popular in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) in recent years. The present study was designed to assess the feasibility, tolerance, results, and efficacy of CAC for truncal varicosities in elderly population. Methods In this retrospective single-center observational cohort study, CAC procedure was performed in 160 patients (184 limbs) with truncal varicose vein insufficiency. The patients were divided into two groups: elderly group, and younger group. The primary outcome of this study was to assess the feasibility, tolerance, and safety of the CAC procedure for truncal varicosities in elderly population over 70 years. The Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), visual analogue scale of pain (VASP) and occlusion rate of the treated target veins of the patients were evaluated and compared among groups. The secondary outcomes were to evaluate and compare technical success, mortality, major adverse events, and other postoperative complications between the groups. Results All operations were carried out under local anesthesia. There were no technical failures or device-related complications. Anatomic success rate was 100% after procedures. The occlusion rate for the elderly group at 2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months was 100%, 92.3%, and 92.3%, respectively, while the occlusion rate for the younger group was 100%, 97%, and 94.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference in occlusion rates between two groups ( p > .05) (Log Rank = 0,231). Improvement in the VCSSs was statistically significant between baseline and 12 months after procedure in both groups ( p < .001). Improvement in the VASPs was statistically significant between baseline and 2 weeks after procedure in both groups ( p < .001). There were no symptoms or signs of sural nerve injury, hematoma, or phlebitis in either group. Conclusions Although it has some potential risks, it is conceivable that the CAC procedure may be applied in selected fit elderly patients for the treatment of CVI. Age appeared to have no effect on the early and mid-term prognosis of the CAC procedure performed in the study cohort.
Articular Cartilage Repair After Implantation of Hyaline Cartilage Beads Engineered From Adult Dedifferentiated Chondrocytes: Cartibeads Preclinical Efficacy Study in a Large Animal Model
Authors: Kutaish Halah , Tscholl Philippe Matthias , Cosset Erika , Bengtsson Laura , Braunersreuther Vincent , Mor Flavio Maurizio , Laedermann Jeremy , Furfaro Ivan , Stafylakis Dimitrios , Hannouche Didier , Gerstel Eric , Krause Karl-Heinz , Assal Mathieu , Menetrey Jacques , Tieng Vannary 
Published: January 2023

Background: Chondrocyte-based cell therapy to repair cartilage has been used for >25 years despite current limitations. This work presents a new treatment option for cartilage lesions. Hypothesis: High-quality hyaline cartilage microtissues called Cartibeads are capable of treating focal chondral lesions once implanted in the defect, by complete fusion of Cartibeads among themselves and their integration with the surrounding native cartilage and subchondral bone. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Cartibeads were first produced from human donors and characterized using histology (safranin O staining of glycosaminoglycan [GAG] and immunohistochemistry of collagen I and II) and GAG dosage. Cartibeads from 6 Göttingen minipigs were engineered and implanted in an autologous condition in the knee (4 or 5 lesions per knee). One group was followed up for 3 months and the other for 6 months. Feasibility and efficacy were measured using histological analysis and macroscopic and microscopic scores. Results: Cartibeads revealed hyaline features with strong staining of GAG and collagen II. High GAG content was obtained: 24.6-µg/mg tissue (wet weight), 15.52-µg/mg tissue (dry weight), and 35 ± 3-µg GAG/bead (mean ± SD). Histological analysis of Göttingen minipigs showed good integration of Cartibeads grafts at 3 and 6 months after implantation. The Bern Score of the histological assay comparing grafted versus empty lesions was significant at 3 months (grafted, n = 10; nongrafted, n = 4; score, 3.3 and 5.3, respectively) and 6 months (grafted, n = 11; nongrafted, n = 3; score, 1.6 and 5.1). Conclusion: We developed an innovative 3-step method allowing, for the first time, the use of fully dedifferentiated adult chondrocytes with a high number of cell passage (owing to the extensive amplification in culture). Cartibeads engineered from chondrocytes hold potential as an advanced therapy medicinal product for treating cartilage lesions with established efficacy. Clinical Relevance: This successful preclinical study, combined with standardized manufacturing of Cartibeads according to good manufacturing practice guidelines, led to the approval of first-in-human clinical trial by the ethics committee and local medical authority. The generated data highlighted a promising therapy to treat cartilage lesions from a small amount of starting biopsy specimen. With our innovative cell amplification technology, very large lesions can be treated, and older active patients can benefit from it.