bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Effects of Glutamine Inhibition Strategies on Antitumor CD8 T Cells
Authors: Madden Matthew Z , Ye Xiang , Chi Channing , Fisher Emilie L , Wolf Melissa M , Needle Gabriel A , Bader Jackie E , Patterson Andrew R , Reinfeld Bradley I , Landis Madelyn D , Hathaway Emma S , Muka Jason E , O’Neil Richard T , Karijolich John , Philip Mary , Rathmell Jeffrey C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Activated T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to meet anabolic, differentiation, and functional demands. Glutamine supports many processes in activated T cells, and inhibition of glutamine metabolism alters T cell function in autoimmune disease and cancer. Multiple glutamine-targeting molecules are under investigation, yet the precise mechanisms of glutamine-dependent CD8 T cell differentiation remain unclear. We show that distinct strategies of glutamine inhibition by glutaminase-specific inhibition with small molecule CB-839, pan-glutamine inhibition with 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON), or by glutamine-depleted conditions (No Q) produce distinct metabolic differentiation trajectories in murine CD8 T cells. T cell activation with CB-839 treatment had a milder effect than did DON or No Q treatment. A key difference was that CB-839–treated cells compensated with increased glycolytic metabolism, whereas DON and No Q–treated cells increased oxidative metabolism. However, all glutamine treatment strategies elevated CD8 T cell dependence on glucose metabolism, and No Q treatment caused adaptation toward reduced glutamine dependence. DON treatment reduced histone modifications and numbers of persisting cells in adoptive transfer studies, but those T cells that remained could expand normally upon secondary Ag encounter. In contrast, No Q–treated cells persisted well yet demonstrated decreased secondary expansion. Consistent with reduced persistence, CD8 T cells activated in the presence of DON had reduced ability to control tumor growth and reduced tumor infiltration in adoptive cell therapy. Overall, each approach to inhibit glutamine metabolism confers distinct effects on CD8 T cells and highlights that targeting the same pathway in different ways can elicit opposing metabolic and functional outcomes.
Semi-supervised learning models for document classification: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cevallos-Culqui Alex , Pons Claudia , Rodriguez Gustavo 
Published: June 2023

The continuous increase of digital documents on the web creates the need to search for information patterns that allow the categorization of organizational documents to generate knowledge in an institution. An Artificial Intelligence technique for this purpose is text classification, it for its application uses labels (previously categorized documents) with supervised (with labels) or unsupervised (without labels) training models. Both traditional models with their advantages and disadvantages have been joined into semi-supervised models that extract the best qualities of each one, however, the labeling process involves resources and time that try to be optimized to improve classification accuracy.
An analysis of the different semi-supervised models would show us the advantages of their training and the way how the structure of each of them affects the accuracy of their classification. In the present study, a classification structure of the semi-supervised models in the classification of documents is proposed to analyze their qualities and categorization process, through an SLR (Revision of systematic literature) that extracts performance metrics from the identified studies to perform a meta-analysis through forest plots.
To define the search strategy for studies, the PICOC (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outputs, Context) method has been used, it is supported by the research question defines a search string, which has allowed the collection of 228 research, these are filtered with the PRISMA declaration method and the determination of exclusion criteria, in this way 35 researches are selected for the present study.
The analysis of the selected studies identifies a structure for the different semi-supervised learning models, and a scheme of their work process is obtained, it has been used to extract advantages, disadvantages, and performance metrics. Through a meta-analysis with forest diagrams, the classification accuracy performance of the researches in each learning model is evaluated, determining as results that regardless of the characteristics of its process, active learning (0.89) and assembled learning (0.83) present the best performance levels.
Peran Lembaga Zakat dalam Pendidikan
Authors: Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Arfah Arfah , Bahri Pane Saiful 
Published: June 2023

lembaga zakat berperan penting tehadap dunia pendidikan, baznas kota pekanbaru mengelola dana zis secara konsumtif dan produktif. zakat yang dikelola secara produktif diantaranya program pendidikan. tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh seberapa jauh peran lembaga zakat terhadap pendidikan, khususnya di kota pekanbaru. metode penelitian yang dipakai yaitu metode lapangan/fieldresearch menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data secara dokumentasi, observasi, dan wawancara. peran lembaga zakat kota pekanbaru dalaam dunia pendidikan sanagat besar yaitu baznas kota pekanbaru membuat program kerja “pekanbaru cerdas” bantuan pendidikan (biaya tunggakan sekolah/beasiswa), dana zakat yang diperoleh pada tahun 2022 pendistribusian zakat dan infaq urutan pertama diperuntukkan pada program pekanbaru peduli, urutan kedua program pekanbaru cerdas dan urutan ketiga diperuntukan bagi operasional lembaga baznas dan upz.
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN TEORI KONSTRUKTIVISME DALAM PENGUATAN KEAGAMAAN
Authors: Kusdani Kusdani 
Published: June 2023

Kemajuan teknologi informasi, transportasi dan tourism yang menjadi arus deras seakan menantang “arus dalam” (nilai agama, adat budaya lokal) yang ditransformasikan pada pendidikan selama ini. Kebenaran nilai Islam, keimanan yang dianut seakan menantang pendidikan Islam dan cenderung tergoyahkan. Nilai agama dianggap budaya tanpa arti, adat bisa menjadi adopsi kolot, budaya bisa tercerabut dari akarnya yang semula menjadi identitas bangsa. Maka pendidikan Islam menjadi suatu tantangan tersendiri khususnya bagi umat Islam dalam mengajarkan dan memahami nilai-nilai pendidikan untuk diimplemantasikan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti ingin mengkaji lebih jauh bagaimana konsep pendidikan Islam dalam menghadapi tantangan kehidupan yang selalu berubah seiring perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan perkembangan zaman, tawaran pembahasan yaitu pendidikan Islam dan Teori Konstruktivisma dalam penguatan keagamaan. Temuan penelitian bahwa pendidikan Islam sebagai dasar ilmu pengetahuan Islam yang menggiring kehidupan umat Islam ke arah pemahaman dan implementasi nilai-nilai keislaman dalam kehidupan. Teori konstruktivisme bagian dari upaya pembentukan personality dalam mempola struktur tatanan kehidupan umat Islam sejalan dengan implementasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Dua hal ini merupakan sesuatu yang saling menguatkan dan tidak terpisahkan. Jika pendidikan Islam sekedar pemahaman saja tanpa penguatan personality dalam mengimplemantasikan nilai Islam maka kehidupan umat Islam bebas dari nilai Islam. Namun harus di seiring sejalankan sehingga kehidupan umat Islam saling menguatkan.
Analysis of the Extent to Which Advanced Placement Students Experience the Imposter Phenomenon
Authors: Easley Ellie , Guske Stephanie 
Published: June 2023

The goal of this study was to assess the severity of the Imposter Phenomenon (IP) symptoms in AP high school students. The Imposter Phenomenon is a personal experience of believing that one is not as capable or as competent as others may view them. Prior research shows Imposter Phenomenon levels are higher in undergraduate and graduate students; however, little is known about how the IP affects high school students. Data was collected through a Google Forms survey in which both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to evaluate the full scope of Imposter Phenomenon feelings in AP students. The Clance IP Scale assessed symptoms in a numerical manner and free response questions were assessed qualitatively. Participants included 11th and 12th grade students at M. High School (MHS) that were enrolled in two or more AP classes. Initial results showed that students were answering higher on the Clance IP scale, showing that they were more likely to experience IP more intensely. This means that overall, students who are enrolled in multiple AP classes are reporting higher symptoms of the Imposter Phenomenon, whether it is realized or not. Therefore, the conclusion can be made that AP students are experiencing the IP to a higher, more concerning extent; however, this is limited due to the fact that research was conducted only on one school site, human error in score calculations, and participation limitations. Future research should expand across multiple school sites and multiple age groups, including adults, teenagers, and pre-teens.
Protection and Maintenance of Healthcare Services for Civilians’ Well-Being in Conflict Affected Areas: Comparative Analysis of The African Situation
Authors: Mavole Johnson 
Published: June 2023

Purpsoe: Medical neutrality refers to a globally accepted principle derived from International humanitarian law (IHL), International Human Rights Law and Medical Ethics. It is based on the principles of non-interference with medical services in times of armed conflict and civil unrest. It promotes the freedom for physicians and aid personnel to care for the sick and wounded, and to receive care regardless of political affiliation. The purpose of this study was to examine comparatively, the extent in which humanitarian aid access, healthcare facilities and healthcare professionals are protected in conflict affected areas in Africa. The protection of health personnel, health services and humanitarian workers is no longer respected. This compromises the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 3 – towards health for all, and 16 – towards justice and peace.
Methdology: The study was guided by Andersen’s Behavioral Model of health service of 1995. Methodological wise, the study was depended on desktop review of empirical research including the works of Ramadan (2020) on availability of primary healthcare services in conflict affected areas as well as the works of Altare et al (2020) on the experience of women, children and adolescents in conflicts affected areas among others.
Findings: The findings show that, limited infrastructure, lack of skilled personnel, and shortages of essential medical supplies hinder access to healthcare services, creating a significant gap in humanitarian aid for civilians in these areas. The study also reveals the vulnerability of health facilities and healthcare workers to attacks during conflicts, emphasizing the need for enhanced protection measures. Destruction of communication infrastructure and disrupted transportation further impede the functioning of health facilities and the delivery of critical services. The study underscores the limited access to humanitarian aid, the need for greater protection of health facilities, and the challenges in safeguarding healthcare professionals in conflict affected areas in Africa.
Recommendations: The study recommends prioritization of the protection of health facilities and healthcare professionals, enhanced security measures, advocacy for International Humanitarian Law (IHL), support for healthcare infrastructure, improved access to healthcare, facilitation of humanitarian aid, support for peacebuilding initiatives and strengthening of monitoring and accountability by African Nations.
Pengenalan Kelas Kelompok Tani kepada Petani Lokal Guna Menumbuh Kembangkan Daya Juang Petani Lokal Kampung Bremi Distrik Manokwari Utara Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Fangohoi Latarus , Olando Marselino Tobias Asmuruf  , Widyaningrum Widyaningrum  , Eddy Mayor  , Kornelis Muabuai  , Stenli Duit  , Andarias Pariri  
Published: June 2023

Latar belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan kelas-kelas kelompok tani kepada para petani lokal di Kampung Bremi dan juga mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan petani lokal terhadap kelas-kelas kelompok tani. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan ini perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan petani lokal tentang kelas-kelas kelompok tani.
Metode: Pelaksanaan penyuluhan ini diikuti oleh 15 orang yang terdiri dari 10 orang wanita tani responden dan 5 orang penyuluh lapangan dengan metode ceramah. Metode ini digunakan agar petani dapat menyimak dan mendapatkan informasi baru untuk menambahkan pengetahuan tentang materi kelas kelompok yang disampaikan.
Hasil: Evaluasi tes awal (pre test) terhadap petani responden dengan nilai rata-rata 2,0 berada pada kategori rendah dan tes akhir (post test) dengan nilai rata – rata 9,9 berada pada kategori tinggi. Efektivitas penyuluhan dengan nilai persentase 98,75 % berada pada kategori efektif.
Kesimpulan: Hasil penilaian tes awal (pre test), tes akhir (post test) dan efektivitas menunjukan bahwa petani di Kampung Bremi Distrik Manokwari Utara Kabupaten Manokwari mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai materi penyuluhan tersebut.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Peternak Lokal terhadap Pakan Fermentasi Kulit Pisang sebagai Pakan Alternatif Ternak Babi di Kampung Masni Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Sritiasni Sritiasni  , Sampari Penehas Ampnir  , Petrus D Sadsoetoeboen  
Published: June 2023

Latar belakang: Usaha peternakan babi merupakan bagian budaya dalam kehidupan masyarakat di beberapa daerah di Indonesia khususnya Bali dan Papua/Papua Barat. Secara tradisional ternak babi memiliki peran penting didalam kegiatan keagamaan, adat dan sosial. Ternak babi juga merupakan sumber protein utama yang memiliki kandungan asam amino lebih lengkap dan salah satu usaha rumah tangga yang penting sebagai sumber penghasilan. Disamping aspek ekonomi dan kepercayaan, babi juga dianggap sebagai simbol bagi si pemilik babi. Semakin banyak babi yang dimiliki seseorang atau sebuah kampung, maka semakin tinggi pula statusnya, dalam suatu hajatan, bila semakin banyak yang dapat dihadiahkan maka semakin besar pula pesta yang diselenggarakannya.
Metode: Penulisan bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan peternak tentang pemanfaatan fermentasi kulit pisang sebagai pakan ternak babi yang dilaksanakan di Kampung Masni Kabupaten Manokwari dan membuat rancangan penyuluhan dengan metode penelitian pemanfaatan kulit pisang sebagai pakan untuk meningkatkan bobot badan babi dengan teknik purposive sampling dimana 20 peternak sebagai responden.
Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tingkat pengetahuan peternak lokal terhadap pakan fermentasi kulit pisang kepok sebagai pakan alternatif ternak babi di Kampung Masni menunjukan peningkatan pengetahuan.
Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa, sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan tingkat pengetahuan peternak lokal pada kriteria mengetahui, setelah dilakukan penyuluhan kriteria tingkat pengetahuan peternak lokal menjadi sangat mengetahui, hal ini dikarenakan materi dan cara pembuatan pakan yang disampaikan mudah dipahami sehingga tingkat efektifitas penyuluhan masuk dalam kategori efektif.
Development of the Galvanic Anode Performance Test for Assessing the Longevity of Galvanic Anodes for Reinforced Concrete Structures
Authors: Kamde Deepak K. , Pillai Radhakrishna G. 
Published: June 2023

The NACE impact report (2016) states that nearly 50% of reinforced concrete (RC) structures experience major repair in about 10 y. The existing approach of patch repair does not address the root cause and may not be durable—resulting in re-repair and huge economic loss. Galvanic anodes (GAs) are gaining widespread acceptance to achieve maintenance-free repair life for a few decades. However, a few GAs with inadequate characteristics are prematurely failing (within a few months). There are no short-term test methods to evaluate the longevity of GAs. Therefore, this work focuses on developing a short-term test method (galvanic anode performance [GAP] test) to assess the longevity of GAs. For this, the GAP specimen was designed by simulating RC structures protected with cathodic protection systems as follows: (i) GA embedded in bedding mortar (i.e., anode), (ii) nichrome mesh (i.e., cathode simulating rebars in RC structures), (iii) position of anode and cathode, (iv) application of potential difference (0.5 V, 1 V, 5 V, 10 V, 20 V, and 30 V) to accelerate the degradation of GAs, and (v) electrolyte to simulate conductivity of concrete. Applied potentials &gt;5 V could not capture the difference in characteristics of GAs. However, potential differences of 0.5 V, 1 V, and 5 V could show the true behavior of GAs in various exposure conditions. Then, an approach is proposed to evaluate the service life of GAs. Possible reasons for the premature failure of anodes were investigated by evaluating pH and pore volume of encapsulating mortar. The GAP test can help practicing engineers estimate the longevity of GAs.
ESTUDO DO POTENCIAL FARMACOLÓGICO DAS FOLHAS DE PERESKIA ACULEATA MILLER (ORA-PRO-NÓBIS): UTILIZADA POPULARMENTE COMO ALIMENTO E MEDICAMENTO
Authors: Ortiz Maria da Conceição da Silva , Guimarães Leonardo , Oliveira Luciana Santos de 
Published: June 2023

A especíe 0ra-pro-Nóbis (Pereskia Aculeata Miller) é uma planta medicinal e alimentícia de grande utilização na medicina popular contra doenças que acometem a saúde pública em nossa sociedade. Atualmente, essa planta é objeto crescente de pesquisas científicas ao que tange seu potencial terapêutico. Tendo por premissas este trabalho, realizar uma análise dos metabólitos secundários dos extratos das folhas da Pereskia Aculeata Miller, utilizando como fonte de pesquisa, artigos científicos nas plataformas de pesquisa acadêmica, revistas indexada, livros, google acadêmico.Também foi escopo dessa investigação, a identificação e classificação dessas biomoleculas, e correlacioná-las com as ações farmacológicas relatadas na medicina popular. Assim, a análise mostrou que muitos extratos polares e apolares das folhas da ora-pro-nóbis apresentaram as ações farmacológicas provenientes de compostos bioativos como: fenólicos, alcaloides e terpenos. Dentre as tentativas de caracterização dos metabólitos secundários nos extratos polares e apolares, diversas apresentam similaridade estrutural com biomoléculas endógenas ao nosso organismo, e bioativas. Essa semelhança evidência que tais compostos podem atuar com agonistas ou antagonistas modulando o metabolismo, consequentemente, alterando nossa homeostase, e dando suporte a sua utilização na medicina popular. Por fim, os fatos levantados evidenciam que os extratos da ora-pro-nóbis tem enorme potencial para o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias terapêuticas.
Contributions of primary emissions and secondary formation to nitrated aromatic compounds in themountain background region of Southeast China
Authors: Ren Yanqin , Wang Gehui , Wei Jie , Tao Jun , Zhang Zhisheng , Li Hong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. As a major component of brown carbon (BrC), nitrated aromatic compounds
(NACs) have a significant role in the atmosphere's ability to absorb light.
However, the sources and major influencing factors of NACs in the mountain
background atmosphere are mostly lacking. Based on a thorough field
investigation of NACs from fine particle samples taken in 2014 and 2015 at
the peak of Mt. Wuyi (1139 m.a.s.l.), the current work
discussed the seasonal fluctuations in their composition, their sources, and the
important influencing factors. The total abundance of nine quantifiable NACs
increased significantly in the winter (3.9 ± 1.5 ng m−3) and
autumn (2.1 ± 0.94 ng m−3), whereas it decreased in the spring
(1.3 ± 0.75 ng m−3) and summer (0.97 ± 0.36 ng m−3).
According to the results of structural equation modeling, the majority of
NACs (93 %) were influenced by biomass, coal, and petroleum combustion
over the entire year. This work identified the origins of NACs with applying
the positive matrix factorization receptor model. The five major source
factors were biomass burning, coal combustion, secondary formation by
nitration reaction, secondary formation by photochemical reaction, and other
sources. Among them, biomass burning and coal combustion played an important
role, especially in the wintertime, with a contribution of more than 50 %.
Meanwhile, contributions from secondary formation were significant in these
remote areas, which were mainly by photochemical reaction in the summertime and
nitration reaction in the wintertime. Further analysis indicated that the
formation of NACs was comparatively sensitive to NO2 under
low-NOx conditions, suggesting that NACs would become significant in
the aerosol characteristics when nitrate concentrations decreased as a
result of emission reduction measures.
Asynchronous glacial dynamics of Last Glacial Maximum mountain glaciers in the Ikh Bogd Massif, Gobi Altai mountain range, southwestern Mongolia: aspect control on glacier mass balance
Authors: Khandsuren Purevmaa , Seong Yeong Bae , Rhee Hyun Hee , Lee Cho-Hee , Sarikaya Mehmet Akif , Oh Jeong-Sik , Sandag Khadbaatar , Yu Byung Yong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Mountain glacier mass balance is affected by factors other than
climate, such as topography, slope, and aspect. In midlatitude high-mountain regions, the north–south aspect contrast can cause significant
changes in insolation and melt, resulting in local asynchrony in glacial
dynamics. This study documents the asynchronous response of two
paleoglaciers in southwestern Mongolia to the local topoclimatic factors
using 10Be exposure age dating and 2D ice surface modeling. 10Be
surface exposure age dating revealed that the Ikh Artsan south-facing valley
glacier culminated (MIA1) at 20.1 ± 0.7 ka, coinciding with the global Last Glacial Maximum
(gLGM). In contrast, the north-facing Jargalant paleoglacier (MJ1)
culminated at 17.2 ± 1.5 ka, around Heinrich Stadial 1 and during the
post-gLGM Northern Hemisphere warming. Our temperature-index melt model
predicts that ablation will be substantially lower on the north-facing slope,
as it is exposed to less solar radiation and cooler temperatures than the
south-facing slope. The 2D ice surface modeling also revealed that
the south-facing Ikh Artsan Glacier abruptly retreated from its maximum
extent at 20 ka, but the Jargalant Glacier on the shaded slope
consistently advanced and thickened due to reduced melt until 17 ka. The
timing of the modeled glacier culmination is consistent within ± 1σ of the 10Be exposure age results. Extremely old ages ranging
from 636.2 to 35.9 ka were measured for the inner moraines in the
Jargalant cirque (MJ2–MJ4), suggesting a problem with inheritance
from boulders eroded from the summit plateau.