bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leptomeningeal metastasis in patients with non–small cell lung cancer after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis
Authors: Chiang Chi-Lu , Yang Huai-Che , Luo Yung-Hung , Chen Ching-Jen , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Chen Yuh-Min , Hu Yong-Sin , Lin Chung-Jung , Chung Wen-Yuh , Shiau Cheng-Ying , Guo Wan-Yuo , Chou Teh-Ying , Pan David Hung-Chi , Lee Cheng-Chia 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an effective treatment for brain metastases (BMs) in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, factors associated with the development of post-SRS leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) remain unclear. The authors analyzed the incidence and risk factors of LM development in patients with NSCLC and BMs after SRS and examined the survival outcomes and prognostic factors after LM development.

METHODS
This retrospective study included patients with NSCLC treated with SRS for MRI-diagnosed BM from 2002 to 2021. The authors recorded various clinical and demographic data, including age, sex, tumor histology, molecular profile of tumors, extracranial disease status, previous craniotomy, Karnofsky Performance Status, systemic treatments, tumor volume, and number of BMs. The management and survival outcomes after LM diagnosis were also recorded.

RESULTS
LM developed in 13.7% of patients with NSCLC and BMs after SRS treatment. Large initial tumor volume and more than 5 BM lesions, but not EGFR mutation status and post-SRS treatment, were associated with LM development after SRS. Multivariate analysis revealed that chemotherapy and targeted therapy after LM were associated with better survival in patients with LM after SRS.

CONCLUSIONS
This study is the first to evaluate the risk factors for LM in a relatively large cohort of patients with NSCLC after SRS. In patients with BMs harboring risk factors for subsequent LM, such as initial tumor volume and number of metastatic lesions, aggressive therapies with high CNS penetrating ability should be considered.
Radiographic predictors of aneurysmal etiology in patients with aneurysmal pattern subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Baumgartner Karl , Meyer Aiden , Mandel Daniel , Moody Scott , Wendell Linda , Thompson Bradford B. , Subramaniam Thanujaa , Reznik Michael E. , Furie Karen L. , Mahta Ali 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE
Spontaneous angiogram-negative nonperimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage (an-NPSAH) can represent a diagnostic and management dilemma. The authors sought to determine radiographic predictors of aneurysmal etiology based on admission noncontrast head CT scans.

METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data from consecutive patients who were admitted for spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with suspected aneurysmal etiology to an academic center from 2016 to 2021. They compared blood thickness in the basal cisterns and sylvian fissures and modified Graeb scores on admission head CT scans between the two groups and subsequently developed a predictive model to identify aneurysmal etiology.

RESULTS
Of 259 included patients (mean age 56 years [SD 12.7 years]; 55% female), 209 had aneurysmal SAH (aSAH) and 50 had an-NPSAH. The median modified Graeb scores were similar for aSAH and an-NPSAH (6 [IQR 2–10] vs 3.5 [IQR 0–8.5], p = 0.33). The mean blood thickness was greater in the sylvian fissure (p = 0.010) and interhemispheric cisterns (p = 0.002), and there was a greater median degree of extension of blood in the sylvian fissures (p = 0.001) in aSAH than in an-NPSAH patients, but the mean blood thickness was less in the prepontine cistern (p = 0.014). The authors’ scoring model was constructed based on differences in radiographic features. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed acceptable accuracy in predicting aneurysmal etiology (area under the curve 0.71, 95% CI 0.62–0.79).

CONCLUSIONS
There are differences in radiographic features on admission head CT between an-NPSAH and aSAH patients. The authors’ proposed risk stratification model may be considered for further development and use in clinical practice in the future.
Benchtop proof of concept and comparison of iron- and magnesium-based bioresorbable flow diverters
Authors: Oliver Alexander A. , Bilgin Cem , Vercnocke Andrew J. , Carlson Kent D. , Kadirvel Ramanathan , Guillory Roger J. , Griebel Adam J. , Schaffer Jeremy E. , Dragomir-Daescu Dan , Kallmes David F. 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE
Bioresorbable flow diverters (BRFDs) could significantly improve the performance of next-generation flow diverter technology. In the current work, magnesium and iron alloy BRFDs were prototyped and compared in terms of porosity/pore density, radial strength, flow diversion functionality, and resorption kinetics to offer insights into selecting the best available bioresorbable metal candidate for the BRFD application.

METHODS
BRFDs were constructed with braided wires made from alloys of magnesium (MgBRFD) or iron (FeBRFD). Pore density and crush resistance force were measured using established methods. BRFDs were deployed in silicone aneurysm models attached to flow loops to investigate flow diversion functionality and resorption kinetics in a simulated physiological environment.

RESULTS
The FeBRFD exhibited higher pore density (9.9 vs 4.3 pores/mm2) and crush resistance force (0.69 ± 0.05 vs 0.53 ± 0.05 N/cm, p = 0.0765, n = 3 per group) than the MgBRFD, although both crush resistances were within the range previously reported for FDA-approved flow diverters. The FeBRFD demonstrated greater flow diversion functionality than the MgBRFD, with significantly higher values of established flow diversion metrics (mean transit time 159.6 ± 11.9 vs 110.9 ± 1.6, p = 0.015; inverse washout slope 192.5 ± 9.0 vs 116.5 ± 1.5, p = 0.001; n = 3 per group; both metrics expressed as a percentage of the control condition). Last, the FeBRFD was able to maintain its braided structure for > 12 weeks, whereas the MgBRFD was almost completely resorbed after 5 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study demonstrated the ability to manufacture BRFDs with magnesium and iron alloys. The data suggest that the iron alloy is the superior material candidate for the BRFD application due to its higher mechanical strength and lower resorption rate relative to the magnesium alloy.
Optimizing maximum resection of glioblastoma: Raman spectroscopy versus 5-aminolevulinic acid
Authors: Herta Johannes , Cho Anna , Roetzer-Pejrimovsky Thomas , Höftberger Romana , Marik Wolfgang , Kronreif Gernot , Peilnsteiner Tanja , Rössler Karl , Wolfsberger Stefan 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess and compare the potential of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) in detecting tumor-infiltrated brain in patients with glioblastoma (GBM).

METHODS
Between July 2020 and October 2021, the authors conducted a prospective clinical trial with 15 patients who underwent neurosurgical treatment of newly diagnosed and histologically verified GBM. A solid contrast-enhancing tumor core and peritumoral tissue were investigated intraoperatively for cancer cells by using 5-ALA and RS to achieve pathology-tailored maximum resection. In each case, a minimum of 10 biopsies were sampled from navigation-guided areas. Two neuropathologists examined the biopsies for the presence of neoplastic cells. The detection performance of 5-ALA and RS alone and in combination was assessed. Pre- and postoperative MRI, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were compared, and median progression-free survival (PFS) was evaluated.

RESULTS
A total of 185 biopsy samples were harvested from the contrast-enhancing tumor core (n = 19) and peritumoral tissue (n = 166). In the tumor core, 5-ALA and RS each showed a sensitivity of 100%. In the peritumoral tissue, 5-ALA was less sensitive than RS in detecting cancer (46% vs 69%) but showed higher specificity (81% vs 57%). When the two methods were combined, the accuracy of tumor detection was increased by about 10%.
Pathology-tailored resection led to a 52% increase in resection volume comparing the volume of preoperative contrast enhancement with the postoperative resection cavity on MRI (p = 0.0123). Eloquent brain involvement prevented gross-total resection in 4 patients. Four weeks after surgery, mean KPS (p = 0.7637) and NIHSS scores (p = 0.3146) were not significantly different from preoperative values. Of the 13 patients who had received postoperative chemoradiotherapy, 4 did not show any progression after a median follow-up of 14 months. The remaining 9 patients had a median PFS of 8 months.

CONCLUSIONS
According to the study data, RS is capable of detecting tumor-infiltrated brain with higher sensitivity but lower specificity than the current standard of 5-ALA. With further technological and workflow advancements, RS in combination with protoporphyrin IX fluorescence may contribute to pathology-tailored glioma resection in the future.
Germline genetic mutations in pediatric cerebrovascular anomalies: a multidisciplinary approach to screening, testing, and management
Authors: LoPresti Melissa A. , Du Rebecca Y. , Lee Jae Eun , Iacobas Ionela , Bergstrom Katie , McClugage Samuel G. , Lam Sandi K. 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE
Genetic alterations are increasingly recognized as etiologic factors linked to the pathogenesis and development of cerebrovascular anomalies. Their identification allows for advanced screening and targeted therapeutic approaches. The authors aimed to describe the role of a collaborative approach to care and genetic testing in pediatric patients with neurovascular anomalies, with the objectives of identifying what genetic testing recommendations were made, the yield of genetic testing, and the implications for familial screening and management at present and in the future.

METHODS
The authors performed a descriptive retrospective cohort study examining pediatric patients genetically screened through the Pediatric Neurovascular Program of a single treatment center. Patients 18 years of age and younger with neurovascular anomalies, diagnosed radiographically or histopathologically, were evaluated for germline genetic testing. Patient demographic data and germline genetic testing and recommendation, clinical, treatment, and outcome data were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS
Sixty patients were included; 29 (47.5%) were female. The mean age at consultation was 11.0 ± 4.9 years. Diagnoses included cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) (n = 23), cerebral cavernous malformations (n = 19), non-neurofibromatosis/non–sickle cell moyamoya (n = 8), diffuse cerebral proliferative angiopathy, and megalencephaly–capillary malformation. Of the 56 patients recommended to have genetic testing, 40 completed it. Genetic alterations were found in 13 (23%) patients. Four patients with AVMs had RASA1, GDF2, and ACVRL1 mutations. Four patients with cavernous malformations had Krit1 mutations. One with moyamoya disease had an RNF213 mutation. Three patients with megalencephaly–capillary malformation had PIK3CA mutations, and 1 patient with a cavernous sinus lesion had an MED12 mutation. The majority of AVM patients were treated surgically. Patients with diffuse cerebral proliferative angiopathy were treated medically with sirolimus. At-risk relatives of 3 patients positive for genetic anomalies had also been tested.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates a role for exploring genetic alterations in the identification and treatment of pediatric neurovascular disease pathogenesis. Germline genetic mutations were found in almost one-quarter of the patients screened in this study, results that helped to identify medically targeted treatment modalities for some pediatric neurovascular patients. Insight into the genetic etiology of vascular anomalies may provide broader clinical implications for risk assessment, family screening, follow-up surveillance, and medical management.
Guru Kristiani Mengatasi Cyberbullying Anak Remaja Usia 13-18 tahun
Authors: Bawamenewi Yunida , Stefani Priscila , Widiatmadja Deasy Angelina 
Published: December 2022

The development of this increasingly rapid era makes it easy to do something, but it can be a trigger problem for the millennial generation, especially in cyberbullying by sharing or updating, watching content that does not have a positive meaning, and then practicing it with their peers. Writing in this paper using literature research with a descriptive qualitative approach with the hope that teachers are able to provide a good and correct understanding of preventing, overcoming, and handling cases of cyberbullying among teenagers so that the teacher's role in protecting and educating students from an early age in instilling Christian values from an early age can apply it in his life now and so on in socializing, organizing and socializing. AbstrakPerkembangan zaman yang semakin pesat ini membuat segalanya mudah untuk melakukan sesuatu, namun bisa menjadi pemicu permasalahan bagi generasi milenial terutama dalam melakukan cyberbullying dengan membagikan atau mengupdate, menonton konten-konten yang tidak memiliki makna positif lalu mempraktekkannya kepada teman sebayanya. Penulisan dalam paper ini, dengan menggunakan penelitian pustaka dengan pendekatan kuaitatif deskriptif dengan harapan guru mampu memberikan pemahaman yang baik dan benar dalam mencegah, mengatasi serta menangani kasus terjadinya cyberbullying dikalangan remaja sehingga peran guru dalam mengayomi dan mendidik siswa sejak dini dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai kristiani sejak dini dapat menerapkannya daam kehidupannya sekarang dan seterusnya dsam bersosiaisasi, berorganisasi dan bermasyarakat.
Tafsir Alternatif Non- Homofobik AL-Razi Terhadap Ayat-Ayat ‘Terkait’ Sejarah Homoseksualitas Dalam Alquran
Authors: Lutfillah Muhammad Dluha 
Published: December 2022

Artikel ini hanya ingin membawa satu dari dua tafsir al-Razi terhadap al-A’raf (7):80 dan al-‘Ankabut (29):28—dua ayat Alquran yang dipahami berbicara tentang homoseksualitas, ke permukaan dan mengelaborasi kekuatan argumennya dari sisi linguistik dan sastra. Tafsir ini kemudian saya sebut tafsiralternatif al-Razi terhadap isu tersebut. Tafsir ini memungkinkan adanya homoseksualitas di era-era sebelum masa hidup Nabi Luth. Dengan kata lain, tafsir ini tidak berusaha menolak (kemungkinan) homoseksualitas di masa awal sejarah, dan oleh karenanya, eksistensi historis homoseksualitas. Karakter tafsir semacam inilah yang membuat saya menyebutnya tafsir nonhomofobik terhadap ayat-ayat (yang dianggap berbicara tentang) sejarah homoseksualitas. Tujuan kedua artikel ini adalah menguji kekuatan argumen tafsir alternatif non-homofobik ini dari sisi linguistik dan sastra—yang terakhir ini terbatas pada aspek sastra kisah dalam Alquran, mengingat dua ayat tersebut adalah bagian dari kisah. Elaborasi ini memusatkan diri pada tiga kata yang sama-sama ada dalam dua ayat tersebut; sabaqa (mendahului),bi (dengan—makna asal), fahisyah (yang buruk). Dari sisi linguistik, penggunaan kata sabaqa yang menggunakan bi sebagai penghubungnya dengan objek berupa kata sifat jarang sekali (untuk tidak mengatakan tidak pernah) dilakukan oleh masyarakat pengguna Bahasa Arab. Oleh karena itu, pemaknaannya tidak bisa disamakan, atau dengan kata lain, harus ditakwilkan. Hasil takwilfrasa ini menyamakan makna bi (yang asalnya bermakna dengan)dengan fi (yang bermakna dalam)—penggunaan umum dalam masyarakat pengguna Bahasa Arab. Pemaknaan utuhnya tidak mengarah pada “mengawali” seperti umumnya makna sabaqa, tapi “melebihi”. Dari sisi sastra, Alquran kelihatan ingin seolaholah mencela homoseksualitas dengan memutus akar historisnya dengan sejarah manusia, mengatakannya tidak setua sejarah manusia. Karena hanya seolah-olah, Alquran tidak melakukanitu. Ia ingin mengatakan bahwa perilaku homoseksualitas yang dilakukan oleh kaum Nabi Luth sudah keterlaluan, dan oleh karenanya harus dihentikan. Konsekuensi logisnya, Alquran tidak mengatakan sebelum kaum Nabi Luth tidak ada homoseksualitas, dan oleh karenanya kemungkinan akan hal itu masih ada. Selain itu juga dimungkinkan ada perilaku homoseksualitas yang tidak keterlaluan, dan karenanya tidak dilarang (untuk tidak langsung mengatakan diperbolehkan).
Implementasi Pemahaman Pedagang Pantai Muaro Lasak Padang Tentang Ramah Lingkungan Berbasis Al-Qur’an
Authors: Putra Dolizal 
Published: December 2022

Pantai Muaro Lasak Padang merupakan salah satu dari nama-nama kecil Pantai Padang. Pantai ini termasuk icon Kota Padang yang banyak dikunjungi oleh masyarakat. Dalam perkembangannya, aktivitas dan rekreasi di pantai ini menimbulkan perubahan terhadap kualitas lingkungan disekitar pantai. Banyak ditemukan tumpukantumpukan sampah dan minimnya perawatan kebersihan dalam pengelolaan pantai ini. Hal ini menunjukkan rendahnya kesadaran pedagang akan ramah lingkungan. Padahal, ajaran al-Qur’an sangat melarangorang-orang yang berbuat kerusakan di muka bumi. Bahkan manusia sebagai khalifah di muka bumi ini dituntut untuk bersikap ramah terhadap lingkungan. Melihat permasalahan di atas, maka peneliti ingin meneliti lebih lanjut tentang sejauh bana pemahaman pedagang tentang ramah lingkungan berbasis al-Qur’an, serta implementasi dari pedagang Pantai Muaro Lasak Padang berbasis al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan metode kualitatif. Sumber primer yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pedagang Pantai Muaro Lasak Padang, dengan populasi sekitar 120 orang dan sampel sebanyak 20 orang dengan cara snowball sampling. Sumber sekunder berupa datadata dokumen seperti buku-buku, jurnal, artikel, koran, laporan penelitian, photo maupun literatur lain yang memuat informasi serta data yang menunjang penelitian ini. Cara mendapatkan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kemudian, metode analisis data adalah deskriptif-analitis dengan menggunakan pola berfikir induktif. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Pertama, Pedagang Pantai Muaro Lasak Padang sudah memahami tentang ramah lingkungan berbasis al-Qur’an ini, yaitu kewajiban menjaga dan merawat lingkungan yang berlandaskan al-Qur’an, artinya berbuat baik terhadap semua yang ada di lingkungan sekitar, baik itu kepada sesama manusia (pedagang, pengunjung), tumbuhan, hewan, air, dan lain-lain.Kedua, Penjelasan tentang ramah lingkungan menurut al-Qur’an sudah mereka dapatkan dari majelis ta’lim dan wirid remaja, yaitu para penceramah selalu memberikan pengajianpengajian tentang ramah lingkungan yang berlandaskan dalam al-Qur’an. Ketiga,implementasi dari pedagang hanya dalam bentuk menjaga kebersihan lingkungan sekitar. Sampah-samapah yang mereka bersihkan tersebut lalu dibuang ke tepi laut. Bahkan sebagian yang lain ada yang menyapu langsung ke tepi laut dengan tujuan agar air laut membawa lalu menghilangkan sampah-sampah tersebut.
Perancangan Mesin Pengupas Kulit Ari Kopi dengan Model Preskiptif Pahl & Beitz
Authors: Prasetyo Prasetyo , Kurnia Muhammad Adly , Widiantoro Heri 
Published: December 2022

<p><em>The process of stripping the epidermis of coffee beans is an important process before the coffee bean roasting process is carried out. One of the post-harvest machines for coffee beans is a huller. As the coffee bean huller developed, there were many variations in the process. In this study, a coffee huller was designed using the Pahl &amp; Beitz prescriptive model. The design stage of the Pahl &amp; Beitz model includes initial planning, conceptual design, embodiment design, and detail design. The results of the design include 3D models using the SolidWorks application. The calculation results produce machine specifications in the form of motor design power of 0,5 kW; transmission using V-belt number A53 (L = 1346 mm), the number of belts are 2, pulley diameter 95mm, pulley width 35mm, adjustment distance (504 —564) mm; shaft diameter 25mm; as well as the width and height of the stake 7mm.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Coffee, Design, Machine Design, Post-Harvest </em>
Perbandingan Kekasaran Permukaan yang dihasilkan Proses High Speed Milling antara arah pemakanan down-milling dan up-milling pada material alumunium 6061
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu Isti , Hartono Hartono , Priyoatmojo Slamet , An nizhami Avicenna , Yanuar Padang 
Published: December 2022

<p>Perkembangan teknologi mesin milling memberikan kemudahan untuk melakukan berbagai jenis gerakkan pemakanan dan parameter pemotongan. Penentuan gerakkan serta parameter proses yang tepat menentukan kualitas suatu produk. Pada proses produksi, tidak hanya mempertimbangkan kualitas produk yang dihasilkan tetapi dipertimbangkan waktu proses serta usia pakai alat potong atau dikenal tool life. high speed milling (HSM) adalah metode pemakanan memanfaatkan panjang flute dan kecepatan potong tinggi untuk proses roughing. Metode tersebut menggunakan pemakanan samping atau side cutting dengan lebar pemakanan yang kecil. Pada pemakanan side cutting memiliki dua metode arah pemakanan yaitu down milling dan up milling. Kedua metode arah pemakanan masih menjadi perdebatan untuk menentukan kualitas hasil pemakanan terbaik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil kekasaran permukaan dari metode up milling dan down milling. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan bahan Alumunium 6061 Series ukuran 54x54x50, Cutter endmill DHF Ø10, Panjang flute 30 mm, 2 flute, metode pemotongan dry cutting. Proses pengujian pemotongan rouhging kedalaman 20mm dengan lebar pemotongan 1.5mm, dan pemotongan finishing kedalaman 10mm dengan lebar pemotongan 0.15mm. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan arah pemakanan down milling menghasilkan kekasaran permukaan yang lebih baik dibandingkan pemakanan arah up-milling.</p>
Islamic Law Thought: The Concept of Wages for Workers According to Syafi’iyah Fiqh and Positive Law
Authors: Wildan T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article aims to analyze the system of determining workers’ wages according to Syafi’iyah fiqh and positive law; the government is looking for an alternative approach to national labour issues, especially in the mechanism of applying wages that are by the efforts of workers as contained in the book of the Syafi’iyah school of thought. This research aims to determine the system for setting workers’ wages in Indonesia and to contribute ideas to Islamic economic law. At the same time, it can be applied in the life of Islamic society in the era of globalization and free markets. The method used in this paper is descriptive analysis with a normative juridical approach. The primary sources used in this writing are books by fiqh scholars from the Syafi’iyah school of thought and laws related to workers’ wages, namely Government Regulation (PP) Number 36 of 2021 concerning wages. The findings in this study are that workers’ salaries in Government Regulation (PP) Number 36 of 2021 obtained by workers are still different from the work performed by workers, and the risks they face are disproportionate. At the same time, the determination of wages, according to Syafi’iyah fiqh, must be based on the principles of justice that workers, employers, and the government feel. The focus of justice is translated as setting a minimum wage based on meeting the most basic needs of a worker. Thus, the most critical wage, according to Syafi’iyah fiqh, is real wages, not nominal wages (money).