bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of polyarginine peptides in the treatment of stroke: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tahmasbi Fateme , Madani Neishaboori Arian , Mardani Mahta , Toloui Amirmohammad , Komlakh Khalil , Azizi Yaser , Yousefifard Mahmoud 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDisparities exist regarding an efficient treatment for stroke. Polyarginines have shown promising neuroprotective properties based on available published studies. Thus, the present study aims to systemically review and analyze existing evidence regarding polyarginine's administration efficacy in animal stroke models.MethodMedline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched, in addition to manual search. Inclusion criteria were administrating polyarginine peptides in stroke animal models. Exclusion criteria were previous polyarginine administration, lacking a control group, review articles, and case reports. Data were collected and analyzed using STATA 17.0; a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), meta‐regression, and subgroup analyses were presented. Risk of bias, publication bias, and level of evidence were assessed using SYRCLE's tool, Egger's analysis, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework, respectively.ResultsFrom the 468 searched articles, 11 articles were included. Analyses showed that R18 significantly decreases infarct size (SMD = –0.65; 95% CI: –1.01, –0.29) and brain edema (SMD = –1.90; 95% CI: –3.28, –0.51) and improves neurological outcome (SMD = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.91) and functional status (SMD = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.85) in stroke animal models. Moreover, R18D significantly decreases infarct size (SMD = –0.75; 95% CI: –1.17, –0.33) and improves neurological outcome (SMD = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.86) and functional status (SMD = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.54) in stroke models.ConclusionModerate level of evidence demonstrated that both R18 and R18D administration can significantly improve stroke outcomes in animal stroke models. However, considering the limitations, further pre‐clinical and clinical studies are warranted to substantiate the neuroprotective efficacy of polyarginines for stroke.
Bilateral refractory pneumothorax treated by pleurodesis and bronchial occlusion in a COVID‐19 patient
Authors: Tanaka Satoshi , Takayama Yoshihiro , Kitou Riiko , Asakawa Ryo , Tobita Satoshi , Ike Akihiro , Kawada Masahiro , Yamamoto Suguru , Ueno Kiyonobu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has become a worldwide outbreak, and it can cause various symptoms and complications. However, pneumothorax secondary to COVID‐19 is relatively uncommon. We herein report a 60‐year‐old man with bilateral refractory pneumothorax with severe COVID‐19. In patients with poor general health and who are difficult to undergo surgery for pneumothorax post‐COVID‐19, internal treatments such as chest drainage, bronchial occlusion, and pleurodesis are essential to relieving refractory pneumothorax. It also indicates that autologous blood patch pleurodesis is a useful method in terms of efficacy and side effects.
Hydrodynamic Characteristics of a Stirred Tank with Self‐Priming Jet Impeller
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Hongye , Yuan Jiaxin , Zhang Chengsong , Li Yaxia , Gong Bin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMultiple inclined hollow pipes were combined to form a self‐priming jet (SPJ) impeller. The hydrodynamic and mixing characteristics in the tank were studied by numerical simulation. The feasibility of the numerical simulation model was verified by particle distribution experiments. The results showed that the turbulence intensity and vorticity were affected by the installation height and diameter of the impeller; the mixing performance was improved with increasing diameter and installation angle. The study on the enhanced mixing mechanism showed that the self‐priming was generated in the lower part of the impeller, the flow was accelerated in the empty pipe, and the jet was generated in the upper part of the impeller. Self‐priming and jet caused multiple axial internal circulation flows in the SPJ tank.
Optimization of ultrasonic‐assisted extraction and purification of flavonoids with biological activities from Ficus Pumila L.
Authors: Wen Yao , Mai Xueying 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo optimize the extraction process and activity detection of total flavonoids from Ficus Pumila, a Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology was employed to further optimize ultrasonic‐assisted extraction (UAE) conditions for F. Pumila stems total flavonoids (FPSTF). The results showed that optimized extraction conditions were ultrasonic power of 240 W, solvent concentration of 61%, ultrasonic time of 61 min, and liquid‐solid ratio of 25 mL/g. Under these conditions, the mean experimental value of extraction yield (1.07%) was achieved, which was about 2.14 times that of ethanol leaching extraction. As compared with FPSTF, FPSTF after purification (FPSPTF) had higher purity of 11.09%, which was nearly 4.37 times higher than that of FPSTF(2.54%). As compared with FPSTF, FPSPTF had higher α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase inhibitory activities as well as DPPH· and ABTS·+ scavenging activities with an IC50 value of 0.005, 0.008, 0.22, and 0.08 mg/mL, which was 6.00, 16.50, 1.68, and 2.50 times higher than that of FPSTF (0.030, 0.132, 0.37, and 0.20 mg/mL), respectively. FPSPTF from F. Pumila could be considered as a multifunctional bioactive ingredient to be used in anti‐hyperglycemic pharmaceutical formulation and antioxidant.
Asymmetric Rubottom‐Type Oxidation Catalyzed by Chiral Calcium Phosphates
Authors: He Hualing , Tummalapalli K. S. Satyanarayana , Zhu Linfei , Chen Minglei , Krishnamurthy Suvratha , Antilla Jon C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA highly efficient catalytic asymmetric Rubottom‐type oxidation is described. Using meta‐chloroperbenzoic acid (m‐CPBA) as the oxidant and chiral calcium phosphate as the catalyst, the facile transformation enables direct hydroxylation of N‐Boc oxindoles and β‐ketoesters in high yields (up to 99 %) and in a highly enantioenriched fashion (up to >99 % ee). The application of the established method was demonstrated by the synthesis of a pharmaceutically important 3‐hydroxyoxindole with excellent enantiocontrol.
Influence of Process Parameters and Particle Size Distribution on Mechanical Properties of Tablets
Authors: Ouazzou Amine Ait , Harshe Yogesh M. , Meunier Vincent , Finke Jan H. , Heinrich Stefan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe influence of the particle size distribution of maltodextrin powders with a dextrose equivalent level of 29 as well as two tableting process variables, namely the compression pressure and the dwell time, on the tensile strength, porosity, and pore size distribution of the final tablet was studied. The mechanical strength and porosity of the tablets are assessed in relation to the powder and process parameters. Regarding the process parameter, it was show that the compaction pressure clearly has a more pronounced influence on the tablet porosity and mechanical strength compared to the influence of the dwell time in the range of the study. As a result, the study offers a better understanding of how the properties of a tablet are influenced by the inter‐correlation of powder characteristics and tableting parameters. Therefore, the shelf‐life studies and tablet downstream processing as well as drug product development will benefit greatly from this work.
A risk‐based postresection follow‐up strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Fu Yizhen , Li Xia , Yang Zhenyun , Li Shaoqiang , Pan Yangxun , Chen Jinbin , Wang Juncheng , Hu Dandan , Zhou Zhongguo , Xu Li , Chen Minshan , Zhang Yaojun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal intervals for follow‐up after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergo curative liver resection (LR) remain unclear. This study aimed to establish a risk‐based post‐resection follow‐up strategy.MethodsPatients that were diagnosed with HCC and received LR from three hospitals in China were included. The risk‐based strategy was established based on the random survival forest model and compared with a fixed strategy both internally and externally.ResultsIn total, 3447 patients from three hospitals were included. The authors’ strategy showed superiority in the early detection of tumor relapse compared with fixed surveillance. Under fewer total visits, risk‐based strategy achieved analogous survival time compared to the total 20 times follow‐ups based on fixed strategy. Twelve total visits (five, three, one, two, and one visits in years 1–5, respectively) for American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer T1a stage patients, 13 total visits (five, four, one, two, and one visits in years 1–5, respectively) for T1b stage patients, 15 total visits (eight, three, three, zero, and one visits in years 1–5, respectively) for T2 stage patients, and 15 total visits (eight, four, one, one, and one visits in years 1–5, respectively) for T3 stage patients were advocated. The detailed follow‐up arrangements were available to the public through an interactive website (https://sysuccfyz.shinyapps.io/RiskBasedFollowUp/).ConclusionThis risk‐based surveillance strategy was demonstrated to detect relapse earlier and reduce the total number of follow‐ups without compromising on survival. Based on the strategy and methodology of the authors, surgeons or patients could choose more intensive or flexible schedules depending on the requirements and economic conditions.Plain language summary

A risk‐based post‐resection follow‐up strategy was established by random survival forest model using a larger hepatocellular carcinoma population

The strategy was demonstrated to detect tumor relapse earlier and reduce the total number of follow‐ups without compromising on survival

Our strategy and methodology could be widely applied by other surgeons and patients
Bis‐Catecholamide‐Based Materials for Uranium Extraction
Authors: Mossand Guillaume , Lelong Evan , Xing Chen , Ndebulia Watchou Frantz , Leydier Antoine , Arrachart Guilhem , Pellet‐Rostaing Stéphane 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work reports the synthesis of formo‐phenolic resins containing four catecholamide (CAM) moieties with admixture of phenol, catechol or resorcinol. These chelating resins have been developed to selectively extract U(VI) from seawater. This media is a challenging environment due to a pH around 8.2 and a large excess of alkaline and earth‐alkaline cations. From the various sorption experiments investigated, the results indicate that the synthesized material exhibit good sorbent properties for U(VI) with uptake capacity about 50 mg/g for the more promising resins with a pronounced selectivity for uranium even under saline conditions. Thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption data were determined for the best resin (Langmuir adsorption model and pseudo‐second order model).
Kinetically Stabilized Diarylpnictogenium Ions
Authors: Janssen Marvin , Mebs Stefan , Beckmann Jens 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe newly prepared and fully characterized stibenium and bismuthenium ions [RindMesE]+ (E=Sb, Bi; Rind=dispiro[fluorene‐9,3′‐(1′,1′,7′,7′‐tetramethyl‐s‐hydrindacen‐4′‐yl)‐5′,9′′‐fluorene) were rigorously compared to the previously communicated phosphenium and arsenium ions (E=P, As) as well as the bis(m‐terphenyl) pnictogenium ions [(2,6‐Mes2C6H3)2E]+ (E=Sb, Bi). It is demonstrated that the choice of the aryl substituents dramatically effects the molecular structures (e. g. the primary E−C bond lengths) and the electronic structures (e. g. the energy of the LUMOs).
One‐Pot Tandem Transformation of Inulin as Fructose‐Rich Platform Towards 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural: Feedstock Advantages, Acid‐Site Regulation and Solvent Effects
Authors: Xiong Jian , Lu Xuebin , Li Wei , Yang Shijie , Zhang Rui , Li Xiaoyun , Han Jinfeng , Li Dan , Yu Zhihao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe valorization of non‐grain biomass feedstocks to value‐added chemicals, polymers and alternative fuels is a crucial route for the utilization of renewable resources. Inulin belongs to a type of fructans, which is a pivotal platform bridging upstream fructose‐rich biomass feedstocks typically represented by Jerusalem artichoke and downstream platform molecules such as alcohols, aldehydes and acids. Fructose can be directly obtained from the inulin hydrolysis and further converted into various platform chemicals, which is a more environmentally economical route than the conventional catalytic upgrading of cellulose. Nevertheless, most perspectives over the last decade have focused on the valorization of cellulose‐derived carbohydrates, without much emphasis on the practical importance of one‐pot transformation of inulin. In this review, we aim to demonstrate an efficient one‐pot tandem transformation system of the inulin as fructose‐rich platform towards 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Core concerns are placed on elucidating the contributing roles of acid sites and solvents in enhancing the overall catalytic performance. The perspectives presented in this review may contribute to the innovation in the catalytic refining of fructose‐rich non‐grain biomass and the development of a greener biomass‐based energy system.
Estimating functional single index models with compact support
Authors: Nie Yunlong , Wang Liangliang , Cao Jiguo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe functional single index models are widely used to describe the nonlinear relationship between a scalar response and a functional predictor. The conventional functional single index model assumes that the coefficient function is nonzero in the entire time domain. In other words, the functional predictor always has a nonzero effect on the response all the time. We propose a new compact functional single index model, in which the coefficient function is only nonzero in a subregion. We also propose an efficient method that can simultaneously estimate the nonlinear link function, the coefficient function and also the nonzero region of the coefficient function. Hence, our method can identify the region in which the functional predictor is related to the response. Our method is illustrated by an application example in which the total number of daily bike rentals is predicted based on hourly temperature data. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is investigated by comparing it to the conventional functional single index model in a simulation study
Importance of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in cancer cells
Authors: Hatami Hamed , Sajedi Atefe , Mir Seyed Mostafa , Memar Mohammad Yousef 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn most regions, cancer ranks the second most frequent cause of death following cardiovascular disorders.AimIn this article, we review the various aspects of glycolysis with a focus on types of MCTs and the importance of lactate in cancer cells.Results and DiscussionMetabolic changes are one of the first and most important alterations in cancer cells. Cancer cells use different pathways to survive, energy generation, growth, and proliferation compared to normal cells. The increase in glycolysis, which produces substances such as lactate and pyruvate, has an important role in metastases and invasion of cancer cells. Two important cellular proteins that play a role in the production and transport of lactate include lactate dehydrogenase and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). These molecules by their various isoforms and different tissue distribution help to escape the immune system and expansion of cancer cells under different conditions.
Reproductive history and breast cancer survival: Findings from the African breast cancer—Disparities in outcomes cohort and implications of Africa's fertility transition on breast cancer prognosis
Authors: Boucheron Pauline , Anele Angelica , Offiah Awa U. , Zietsman Annelle , Galukande Moses , Parham Groesbeck , Pinder Leeya F. , Anderson Benjamin O. , Foerster Milena , Schüz Joachim , dos ‐Santos‐Silva Isabel , McCormack Valerie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractReproductive characteristics are known risk factors for breast cancer but, other than recent birth, their role as prognostic factors is less clear, and has not been studied in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). In this setting, we examined whether reproductive factors independently influence breast cancer survival in a subset of the African Breast Cancer—Disparities in Outcomes cohort study. In 1485 women with incident breast cancer recruited between 2014 and 2017, we examined birth cohort changes in reproductive factors, and used Cox models to examine whether reproductive characteristics were associated with all‐cause mortality after adjusting for confounders (age, stage, treatment, HIV, and social factors). Four years after diagnosis, 822 (56%) women had died. Median parity was 4 (IQR = 2, 6) and 209 (28%) of premenopausal women had had a recent birth (<3 years prior to cancer diagnosis). Each pregnancy was associated with a 5% increase (95% CI: 2%, 8%) in mortality rates, which held among postmenopausal women (5%, [1%‐9%]). Pre‐menopausal women with a recent birth had 52% (20%, 92%) higher mortality rates. Fertility trends by birth cohort showed declining parity, increasing age at first birth and declining age at last birth, however the impact of these population‐level changes on future average survival was predicted to be very small (<3% absolute gain).
Childcare attendance and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: A register study based on the Danish childcare database
Authors: Søegaard Signe Holst , Rostgaard Klaus , Kamper‐Jørgensen Mads , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Hjalgrim Henrik 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChildhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is suggested to result from a dysregulated immune response to infections in children with a preleukaemic state. Childcare in early life supposedly may protect against childhood ALL by facilitating sufficient exposure to infections to stimulate and ensure normal maturation of the immune system. We assessed the association between childcare attendance before age 2 years and risk of childhood ALL in a register‐based cohort study, including all children aged 2 to 14 years born in Denmark during 1991 to 2014 with available childcare information recorded in the Danish Childcare Database (n = 1 116 185). Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) comparing children enrolled in childcare and children not enrolled before age 2 years. Further, we assessed the association according to age at enrolment, type of childcare facility and specific ALL subtypes. During 10 460 811 person‐years of follow‐up, 460 children developed ALL at ages 2 to 14 years. Of these, 57 (12.4%) never attended childcare before age 2 years compared with 10.6% in the total cohort. Compared with homecare, childcare attendance before age 2 years was associated with a statistically non‐significantly, marginally decreased risk of childhood ALL with adjusted HR = 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65‐1.16). Risk estimates did neither vary statistically significantly by age at enrolment nor by type of childcare facility and also not between childhood ALL subtypes, including frequently prenatally initiated ALL subtypes. Results from this large, nationwide register‐based study provided no evidence that childcare attendance in the first years of life protects against childhood ALL.
In vitro comparative cytotoxic assessment of pristine and carboxylic functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on LN18 cells
Authors: Vijayalakshmi Vaniyamparambath , Sadanandan Bindu , Anjanapura Raghu V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMultiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been used in biomedical applications due to their ability to enter the cells. Carboxylic functionalization of MWCNT (MWCNT‐COOH) is used to mitigate the toxicity of MWCNTs. Our study focuses on comparing the toxicity of MWCNT and MWCNT‐COOH on the neuronal cells, LN18. Concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40 µg ml−1 were used for the study, and cytotoxicity was determined at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h of incubation. Cell viability was assessed by Trypan Blue, MTT, and Live dead cell assays, and the oxidative stress produced was determined by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Lipid peroxidation assays. MWCNT‐COOH showed higher cell viability than MWCNT for 20 and 40 µg ml−1 at 24 and 48 h. This was also visually observed in the live dead cell imaging. However, at 48 h, the morphology of the cells appeared more stretched for all the concentrations of MWCNT and MWCNT‐COOH in comparison to the control. A significant amount of ROS production can also be observed at the same concentration and time. Viability and oxidative stress results together revealed that MWCNT‐COOH is less toxic when compared to MWCNT at longer incubation periods and higher concentrations. However, otherwise, the effect of both are comparable. A concentration of 5–10 µg ml−1 is ideal while using MWCNT and MWCNT‐COOH as the toxicity is negligible. These findings can further be extended to various functionalizations of MWCNT for wider applications.
On coloring digraphs with forbidden induced subgraphs
Authors: Steiner Raphael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe prove a conjecture by Aboulker, Charbit, and Naserasr by showing that every oriented graph in which the out‐neighborhood of every vertex induces a transitive tournament can be partitioned into two acyclic induced subdigraphs. We prove multiple extensions of this result to larger classes of digraphs defined by a finite list of forbidden induced subdigraphs. We thereby resolve several special cases of an extension of the famous Gyárfás–Sumner conjecture to directed graphs stated by Aboulker et al.
In vivo optogenetic inhibition of striatal parvalbumin‐reactive interneurons induced genotype‐specific changes in neuronal activity without dystonic signs in male DYT1 knock‐in mice
Authors: Schulz Anja , Richter Franziska , Richter Angelika 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe pathophysiology of early‐onset torsion dystonia (TOR1A/DYT1) remains unclear. Like 70% of human mutation carriers, rodent models with ΔGAG mutation such as DYT1 knock‐in (KI) mice do not show overt dystonia but have subtle sensorimotor deficits and pattern of abnormal synaptic plasticity within the striatal microcircuits. There is evidence that dysfunction of striatal parvalbumin‐reactive (Parv+) fast‐spiking interneurons (FSIs) can be involved in dystonic signs. To elucidate the relevance of these GABAergic interneurons in the pathophysiology of DYT1 dystonia, we used in vivo optogenetics to specifically inhibit Parv+ and to detect changes in motor behavior and neuronal activity. Optogenetic fibers were bilaterally implanted into the dorsal striatum of male DYT1 KI mice and wild‐type (WT) littermates expressing halorhodopsin (eNpHR3.0) in Parv+ interneurons. While stimulations with yellow light pulses for up to 60 min at different pulse durations and interval lengths did not induce abnormal movements, such as dystonic signs, immunohistochemical examinations revealed genotype‐dependent differences. In contrast to WT mice, stimulated DYT1 KI showed decreased striatal neuronal activity, that is, less c‐Fos reactive neurons, and increased activation of cholinergic interneurons after optogenetic inhibition of Parv+ interneurons. These findings suggest an involvement of Parv+ interneurons in an impaired striatal network in DYT1 KI mice, but at least short‐term inhibition of these GABAergic interneurons is not sufficient to trigger a dystonic phenotype, similar to previously shown optogenetic activation of cholinergic interneurons.