bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioelectric networks: the cognitive glue enabling evolutionary scaling from physiology to mind
Authors: Levin Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEach of us made the remarkable journey from mere matter to mind: starting life as a quiescent oocyte (“just chemistry and physics”), and slowly, gradually, becoming an adult human with complex metacognitive processes, hopes, and dreams. In addition, even though we feel ourselves to be a unified, single Self, distinct from the emergent dynamics of termite mounds and other swarms, the reality is that all intelligence is collective intelligence: each of us consists of a huge number of cells working together to generate a coherent cognitive being with goals, preferences, and memories that belong to the whole and not to its parts. Basal cognition is the quest to understand how Mind scales—how large numbers of competent subunits can work together to become intelligences that expand the scale of their possible goals. Crucially, the remarkable trick of turning homeostatic, cell-level physiological competencies into large-scale behavioral intelligences is not limited to the electrical dynamics of the brain. Evolution was using bioelectric signaling long before neurons and muscles appeared, to solve the problem of creating and repairing complex bodies. In this Perspective, I review the deep symmetry between the intelligence of developmental morphogenesis and that of classical behavior. I describe the highly conserved mechanisms that enable the collective intelligence of cells to implement regulative embryogenesis, regeneration, and cancer suppression. I sketch the story of an evolutionary pivot that repurposed the algorithms and cellular machinery that enable navigation of morphospace into the behavioral navigation of the 3D world which we so readily recognize as intelligence. Understanding the bioelectric dynamics that underlie construction of complex bodies and brains provides an essential path to understanding the natural evolution, and bioengineered design, of diverse intelligences within and beyond the phylogenetic history of Earth.
Prognostic factors associated with the transition in treatment methods for brain metastases from colorectal cancer
Authors: Imaizumi Jun , Shida Dai , Boku Narikazu , Igaki Hiroshi , Itami Jun , Miyakita Yasuji , Narita Yoshitaka , Takashima Atsuo , Kanemitsu Yukihide 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Treatment of brain metastases (BMs) from colorectal cancer (CRC) has transitioned with the expansion of indications for stereotactic radiotherapy. Our study aimed to assess changes in prognosis and prognostic factors associated with changes in treatment for BMs from CRC.

Methods
We retrospectively surveyed treatments for and outcomes of BMs from CRC in 208 patients treated during 1997–2018. Patients were divided into two groups according to time of BM diagnosis, i.e., 1997–2013 (“first period”) and 2014–2018 (“second period”). We compared overall survival between the periods and assessed how the transition impacted prognostic factors affecting overall survival, including the following prognostic factors such as Karnofsky performance status (KPS), volume-related factors (BM number and diameter), and BM treatment modalities as covariates.

Results
Of the 208 patients, 147 were treated in the first period and 61 in the second period. Whole-brain radiotherapy use decreased from 67 to 39% in the second period, and stereotactic radiotherapy use increased from 30 to 62%. Median survival after BM diagnosis improved from 6.1 to 8.5 months (p = 0.0272). Multivariate analysis revealed KPS, control of primary tumor, stereotactic radiotherapy use, and chemotherapy history as independent prognostic factors during the entire observation period. Hazard ratios of KPS, primary tumor control, and stereotactic radiotherapy were higher in the second period, whereas prognostic impact of chemotherapy history before BM diagnosis was similar in both periods.

Conclusion
Overall survival of patients with BMs from CRC improved since 2014, which can be attributed to advances in chemotherapy and the more widespread use of stereotactic radiotherapy.
Learner identity in secondary post-compulsory education students from Areas in Need of Social Transformation: an example of resilience
Authors: Cubero-Pérez R. , Cubero M. , Matías-García J. A. , Bascón M. J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Achieving adequate integration and success at school in the post-compulsory stages involving situations where there is a risk of social exclusion is a real identity challenge for adolescents. In this research, we used a convenience sampling and selected two high schools located in Areas in Need of Social Transformation in Seville (southern Spain). We studied the learner identity of all their students in the first and second grade of secondary post-compulsory education (N = 70). These students present a trajectory of resilience, as they remained in the education system despite facing many difficulties. In this exploratory research, their identity as learners was analysed through an interview applied in a focus group format (N = 12), where their supports, strengths and psycho-social obstacles that facilitate/hinder their stay in the education system in the post-compulsory stage were also identified. Results show that adolescents have a good attitude towards academic training, based on the conviction that, in the future, they will be able to achieve a higher quality of life and a rapid insertion in skilled jobs. The image students have of themselves combines a negative perception of their lack of work habits, the difficulty of self-regulation and the little effort made, with a more positive view of their agency in the process, highlighting their intellectual and academic capacity and their effort when they set out to do so. Family, teachers and peers play a role in the resilience and identity construction of the adolescents, through protecting them, developing positive perceptions and expectations, stimulating control and effort and attributing successes and failures to students. Programmes based on the participation of the target group are essential for the design and improvement of psychosocial intervention programmes in these contexts.
From low-level programming to full-fledged industrial model-based development: the story of the Rubus Component Model
Authors: Bucaioni Alessio , Ciccozzi Federico , Di Salle Amleto , Sjödin Mikael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDeveloping distributed real-time systems is a complex task that has historically entailed specialized handcraft. In this paper, we propose a retrospective on the (r)evolutionary changes that led to the transition from low-level programming to industrial full-fledged model-based development embodied by the Rubus Component Model and its tool-ecosystem. We focus on the needs, challenges, and solutions of a 15-year-long evolution journey of a software development approach that has gone from low-level and manual programming to a highly automated environment offering modeling, analysis, and development of vehicular software systems with multi-criticality for deployment on single- and multi-core platforms.
Reducing incompatibility in a local AHP-group decision making context
Authors: Aguarón Juan , Escobar María Teresa , Moreno-Jiménez José María 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the context of local analytic hierarchy process-group decision making (AHP-GDM), this paper presents a theoretical framework and a semi-automatic procedure for reducing incompatibility between the actors involved in the decision making process and the collective position. The row geometric mean is employed as the prioritisation procedure and the geometric compatibility index ($$\textrm{GCOMPI}$$
GCOMPI
) as the incompatibility measure; individual pairwise comparison matrices are considered as the input of the reduction process, whilst the collective vector is the output. The reduction is attained by slightly modifying, in relative terms, the judgements of the collective pairwise comparison matrix, irrespective of the method used to obtain it, that further improve the $$\textrm{GCOMPI}$$
GCOMPI
. The resulting judgements of the collective matrix and the associated collective priorities are close to the initial collective values. The procedure does not modify the judgements of the initial individual matrices and this simplifies the process of reaching consensus. A simulation analysis is utilised to study the performance of the algorithm along with an illustrative numerical example. The analysis proves that the proposed algorithm is easy to implement and efficient, it provides mathematically closed results and significantly reduces the $$\textrm{GCOMPI}$$
GCOMPI
associated with the precise consistency consensus matrix which is one of the AHP-GDM tools. The framework allows the procedure to be adapted to specific interests.
Factors Explaining the Schooling of Children Under 3 Years of Age: Evidence from Spain
Authors: Villar-Aldonza Adriano , Mancebón María-Jesús , Sancho José-María Gómez- 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the reasons behind the decision to send children aged under three to ECEC (Early Childhood Education and Care) and the causes that may explain why some families send their child to ECEC once they reach the age of two while others decide to do so at an earlier age. To answer the first question posed a probit model is used, while to answer the second query a Heckprobit model is estimated to take into account possible selection bias. The data for this study was taken from an unpublished database compiled by the Spanish National Institute for Educational Evaluation, which gathers information from 1.166 children schooled in the Infant Education stage. The results of our estimations show that the decision to enroll children under three in ECEC services depends fundamentally on the sociodemographic characteristics of the mother (educational level, employment situation and age), on household size (if it is a large family) and on the availability of ECEC services in the area in which the child lives. Our study has also shown that the only variable regarding factors that explain the differences in the age of access to ECEC services, two or under two, is the importance that parents place on their children developing empathy towards others. On the basis of our results, the study offers recommendations aimed at the progressive universalization of this initial educational stage.
Genomic prediction of agronomic and malting quality traits in six-rowed winter barley
Authors: Charmet G. , Pin P. A. , Schmitt M. , Leroy N. , Claustres B. , Burt C. , Genty A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile two-rowed barley is usually preferred for malting and beer-making, six-rowed malting barley varieties appeared in Europe around 30 years ago, and several breeders have dedicated improvement programs on this specific germplasm. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of genomic prediction for yield and malting related traits using 679 breeding lines from two French barley breeders, as well as a set of recently registered varieties. These lines were evaluated in five locations and two harvest years in an unbalanced design. Although the germplasm from the two breeders does show some trend towards differentiation, globally the whole panel did not show a clear-cut genetic structure. Predictive ability of GBLUP was evaluated through random cross-validation within and across breeder sets, and using cross-prediction between breeder sets. Results show moderate to high predictive ability (PA), particularly for malt friability and β-glucan content, for which predictive ability of 0.8 was obtained with training populations as small as 105 registered varieties and across breeding sets. The long range of useful linkage disequilibrium in this particular germplasm allows using as few as 2000 to 5000 markers to obtain high PA. Other prediction methods such as Bayesian LASSO, Bayes Cpi or EGBLUP did not improve predictive ability. These results are very encouraging for implementing genomic prediction of malting quality traits in applied breeding programs.
Warp-knitted fabric structures for a novel biomimetic artificial intervertebral disc for the cervical spine
Authors: Jacobs Celien A. M. , Abdelgawad Abdelrahman M. , Jockenhoevel Stefan , Ito Keita , Ghazanfari Samaneh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs an attempt to better replicate the complex kinematics of a natural disc, a novel biomimetic artificial intervertebral disc replacement (bioAID) has been developed containing a swelling hydrogel core as nucleus pulposus, a fiber jacket as annulus fibrosus and metal endplates to connect the device to the adjacent vertebrae. The first prototype consisted of a weft-knitted fiber jacket, in which only a single fiber was used to create the jacket structure. This can endanger the structural integrity of the complete device upon yarn damage. Therefore, in this study, several warp-knitted textile structures were assessed to (1) ensure structural integrity, (2) while allowing for swelling constraint of the hydrogel and (3) behaving as one integrated unit similar to the natural IVD. Moreover, the fiber jacket should (4) act as a scaffold that allows bone ingrowth to ensure long-term stability and (5) have a good durability, (6) be wear resistant and (7) have good manufacturing feasibility with good quality control. In this study, 4 different stitch patterns, including 2 × 1 and 1 × 1 lapping with and without a pillar stitch, were produced. The effect of the stitch pattern and stitch density on the fabric mechanical properties and device swelling and compressive strength was assessed. As a next step, the effect of using multiple layers of fabrics, mimicking the layered structure of annulus fibrosus, on the functional capacity of the bioAID was characterized. All textile structures were capable of limiting the swelling of the hydrogel while withstanding its internal pressure and showing sufficient wear resistance. However, only the 2 × 1 and 2 × 1 with pillar stitch had a pore size range that was suitable for cell infiltration to facilitate osseointegration as well as having the highest strength of the complete device to ensure safety under compression loading. Incorporating different number of jacket layers of these two stitch patterns did not show any significant effect. When also taking the structural parameters into consideration, the 2 × 1 lapping design with 4 layers was able to constrain hydrogel swelling, provide a high compressive strength, could facilitate cell infiltration and had dimensions within the range of a natural intervertebral disc.
Oxidation properties of complex concentrated alloys FeAlCrV and FeAlCrMo
Authors: Jača Eliška , Hotař Adam , Pešička Josef , Minárik Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractComplex concentrated alloys (CCAs) are attracting considerable interest due to their potential applications under extreme conditions. This study focuses on two complex concentrated alloys, the FeAlCrV and the FeAlCrMo alloys, which already exhibited exceptional mechanical properties at high temperatures. In this regard, room temperature corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation were studied to investigate their potential applicability in harsh environments. It is shown that the corrosion resistance of both CCAs is much higher than that of AISI 304 and P91 steels in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, while in 3.5% NaCl solution was comparable. On the contrary, high-temperature oxidation of CCAs was unsatisfactory, especially exceeding 700 °C. The intensive analysis of the formed oxide scales revealed that the protective oxide layer is not being formed at temperatures above 700 °C, primarily because of the occurrence of vanadium corrosion (FeAlCrV) and evaporation of Mo oxides (FeAlCrMo). The results of this study unambiguously showed the importance of studying oxidation properties at high temperatures parallel with the mechanical properties for the development of CCAs for cutting-edge technical applications.
Improving Reproductive Health Communication Between Providers and Women Affected by Homelessness and Substance Use in San Francisco: Results from a Community-Informed Workshop
Authors: Wingo Erin E. , Newmann Sara J. , Borne Deborah E. , Shapiro Brad J. , Seidman Dominika L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Many cisgender women affected by homelessness and substance use desire pregnancy and parenthood. Provider discomfort with patient-centered counseling about reproductive choices and supporting reproductive decisions of these women poses barriers to reproductive healthcare access.

Methods
We used participatory research methods to develop a half-day workshop for San Francisco-based medical and social service providers to improve reproductive counseling of women experiencing homelessness and/or who use substances. Guided by a stakeholder group comprising cisgender women with lived experience and providers, goals of the workshop included increasing provider empathy, advancing patient-centered reproductive health communication, and eliminating extraneous questions in care settings that perpetuate stigma. We used pre/post surveys to evaluate acceptability and effects of the workshop on participants’ attitudes and confidence in providing reproductive health counseling. We repeated surveys one month post-event to investigate lasting effects.

Results
Forty-two San Francisco-based medical and social service providers participated in the workshop. Compared to pre-test, post-test scores indicated reduced biases about: childbearing among unhoused women (p < 0.01), parenting intentions of pregnant women using substances (p = 0.03), and women not using contraception while using substances (p < 0.01). Participants also expressed increased confidence in how and when to discuss reproductive aspirations (p < 0.01) with clients. At one month, 90% of respondents reported the workshop was somewhat or very beneficial to their work, and 65% reported increased awareness of personal biases when working with this patient population.

Conclusions for Practice
A half-day workshop increased provider empathy and improved provider confidence in reproductive health counseling of women affected by homelessness and substance use.
Parameter estimation of two coupled oscillator model for pure intrinsic thermo-acoustic instability
Authors: Wildemans Roeland , Kornilov Viktor , Lopez Arteaga Ines 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA nonlinear phenomenological model of two coupled oscillators is proposed, which is able to describe the rich nonlinear behaviour stemming from an unstable pure intrinsic thermo-acoustic (ITA) mode of a simple combustion system. In an experimental bifurcation analysis of a pure ITA mode, it was observed that for increasing mean upstream velocity the flames loose stability through a supercritical Hopf bifurcation and subsequently exhibit limit cycle, quasi-periodic and period-2 limit cycle oscillations. The quasi-periodic oscillations were characterised by low frequent amplitude and frequency modulation. It is shown that a phenomenological model consisting of two coupled oscillators is able to reproduce qualitatively all the different experimentally observed regimes. This model consists of a nonlinear Van der Pol oscillator and a linear damped oscillator, which are nonlinearly coupled to each other. Furthermore, a parameter estimation of the model parameters is conducted, which reveals a good quantitative match between the model response and the experimental data. Hence, the presented phenomenological dynamical model accurately describes the nonlinear self-excited acoustic behaviour of premixed flames and provides a promising model structure for nonlinear time-domain flame models.
Associations between PBMC whole genome transcriptome, muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance in healthy home-dwelling older women
Authors: de Sousa Ana R. S. , Ottestad Inger , Gjevestad Gyrd O. , Holven Kirsten B. , Ulven Stine M. , Christensen Jacob J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIncreasing age is accompanied by many changes, including declining functional skeletal muscle health and immune dysfunction. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are circulating cells that assemble an immune response, but their whole genome transcriptome has not been studied in the context of age-related muscle health. Consequently, this article explored associations between three muscle variables indicative of functional muscle health — maximum handgrip strength (muscle strength), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI, muscle mass), and gait speed (physical performance) — and two groups of bioinformatics-generated PBMC gene expression features (gene expression–estimated leukocyte subset proportions and gene clusters). We analyzed cross-sectional data from 95 home-dwelling healthy women ≥ 70 years, using “cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts” (CIBERSORT) to estimate leukocyte subset proportions and “weighted correlation network analysis” (WGCNA) to generate gene clusters. Associations were studied using linear regression models and relevant gene clusters were subjected to gene set enrichment analysis using gene ontology. Gait speed and ASMI associated with CIBERSORT-estimated monocyte proportions (β =  − 0.090, 95% CI = (− 0.146, − 0.034), p-value = 0.002 for gait speed, and β =  − 0.206, 95% CI = (− 0.385, − 0.028), p-value = 0.024 for ASMI), and gait speed associated with CIBERSORT-estimated M2 macrophage proportions (β =  − 0.026, 95% CI = (− 0.043, − 0.008), p-value = 0.004). Furthermore, maximum handgrip strength associated with nine WGCNA gene clusters, enriched in processes related to immune function and skeletal muscle cells (β in the range − 0.007 to 0.008, p-values < 0.05). These results illustrate interactions between skeletal muscle and the immune system, supporting the notion that age-related functional muscle health and the immune system are closely linked.
Solidification Principle in Large Vertical Steel Casting Under the EMS Effect
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Wu Menghuai , Zhang Haijie , Hahn Susanne , Wimmer Franz , Ludwig Andreas , Kharicha Abdellah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe surging demand for large high-quality rotor shafts or similar steel components in heavy industries (energy sector) poses new challenges to steelmakers. Based on the experience of conventional ingot and continuous casting, several new process concepts have been proposed, e.g., vertical continuous casting (VCC), semi-continuous casting (SCC), and segment casting (SC), but none of them are optimally put in operation. The main problems include the control of the as-cast structure and macrosegregation. Electromagnetic stirring (EMS) is necessary to obtain the center equiaxed zone, but EMS-induced multiphase flow can cause severe macrosegregation and uneven distribution of the as-cast structure between equiaxed and columnar. In this study, an advanced mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification model was used to investigate the formation of the as-cast structure and macrosegregation in an example of SCC with a large format (diameter 1 m). The main role of EMS is to create crystal fragments by fragmentation, which is regarded in this work as the only origin of equiaxed grains. The created equiaxed grains are brought by the EMS-induced (primary and secondary) flow and gravity-induced sedimentation to the central/lower part of the casting. The main goal of this study was to understand the solidification principle of SCC. In addition, a numerical parameter study by varying the EMS parameters was also performed to demonstrate the model capability towards the process optimization of SCC.