bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propagation of a shear crack on a nonplanar fault: A method of calculation
Authors: Bouchon Michel , Streiff Dorothée 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe present a method of calculation to simulate numerically the growth and propagation of shear cracks in an elastic medium. The problem is formulated in terms of integral equations written along the crack contour. These boundary integral equations are discretized in both horizontal wavenumber and space and are solved in the frequency domain, at each time step. The earthquake model that we consider starts with a nucleating crack where slip occurs instantaneously at some arbitrary time. The shear stress is calculated at the tip of the crack, and, if and when it reaches the static friction, the crack tip propagates and the shear stress drops to the dynamic friction level. The boundary integral equation system is then solved for the new crack, and this scheme is repeated until the rupture stops or reaches the extremity of the fault. The method is naturally free of singularities. It can be applied to the case of a nonplanar fault. A few examples of simulation are presented to illustrate the method.
Effects of weighting functions on Maslov uniform seismograms: A robust weighting method
Authors: Huang X. , West G. F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn principle, Maslov theory provides a uniform asymptotic solution for modeling wave fields in a generally inhomogeneous medium by blending ray theory and Maslov transform theory. However, in a real calculation, it is still not clear how choice of the weighting functions that select the ray and Maslov transform solutions will affect the accuracy of Maslov seismograms.To answer this question, we have investigated two weighting functions: One is the hyperbolic function suggested by Brown (1994), and the other is a trigonometric function we propose. The former relates the weights to the local slope of the Lagrangian manifold cross section, reflecting the opportunity for the ray solution or the Maslov solution to contribute to the wave-field construction. But the transition level of the hyperbolic function is controlled by an artificial coefficient. We found that the hyperbolic function performs accurately, particularly when a wave front is only smoothly bent, but there exists a tolerance range for the value of the coefficient. Outside this range, errors of caustic type or pseudocaustic type arise. Because the range is limited, and because it changes for different modelings, use of the hyperbolic function can become troublesome in intensive modelings where it is impractical to have human supervision.The trigonometric function that we propose works differently. Caustic and pseudocaustic points are located by a root-finding algorithm, and trigonometric weighting functions control switching of the two solutions in a symmetric way between pairs of caustics and pseudocaustics. In most cases, it will provide an accurate result automatically, and it should be considered first for intensive modelings such as those needed in controlled source seismology.
A new map of the geographic extent of the Socorro mid-crustal magma body
Authors: Balch Robert S. , Hartse Hans E. , Sanford Allan R. , Lin Kuo-wan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor 35 years, strong reflected phases from the sill-like, mid-crustal Socorro magma body (SMB) have been observed on microearthquake seismograms recorded in the central Rio Grande rift, New Mexico. In 1979, the lateral extent of the SMB was estimated at 1700 km2 by mapping reflection points for 220 observed SzS arrivals. We have remapped the magma body using 697 PzP, 2169 SzP, and 2589 SzS reflections observed on seismograms recorded between 1975 and 1995 by New Mexico Tech seismic networks.These data indicate that the SMB covers an area greater than 3400 km2. By comparing the distribution of observed reflection points with the distribution of all possible reflection points, limits can be set for the northern and southern boundaries of the SMB. The ∼80 km north-south extent of the SMB falls just inside a ∼100-km north-south range of enhanced seismicity near Socorro. This area, the Socorro seismic anomaly (SSA), covers ∼5000 km2 and has the same elliptical shape as the outline of the SMB based on observed reflection points. The close spatial relation between the SSA and the mid-crustal magma body along their northern and southern boundaries suggests that the observed seismicity can be used to place limits on the eastern and western boundaries of the magma body. Using the distribution of earthquakes within the SSA over the last 34 years, the maximum east-west extent of the SMB is &lt;60 km, our reflection based value is ∼50 km.Our data indicates that the upper surface of the magma body displays no regional dip. Considering timing errors, maximum possible relief on the magma body surface is ±0.50 km.
S-wave site-response estimates using horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios
Authors: Castro R. R. , Mucciarelli M. , Pacor F. , Petrungaro C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis involved in determining the dynamic response of soils using spectral ratios between horizontal and vertical components of ground motion. This hypothesis proposes that the vertical component of motion contains mainly the source effect and is approximately insensitive to site amplifications. We used the vertical component of strong-motion records from earthquakes of the region of Friuli, Italy, to evaluate the site response for different geologic conditions. S-wave source functions of the events used were first retrieved from the acceleration records using a generalized inversion in the frequency domain; then, an average site response was calculated for each site analyzed. The resulting site functions show small vertical amplifications for most of the sites (within a factor of 2). This result confirms the validity of the method to estimate S-wave site responses. However, when the S-wave arrivals are contaminated by surface waves, the vertical amplification may exceed the uncertainty expected by the spectral ratio technique.
Regional phase development of the Non-proliferation Experiment within the western United States
Authors: Tinker Mark Andrew , Wallace Terry C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo effectively monitor a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, seismologists must be able to confidently detect and identify low-yield explosions. This requires the use of short-period regional phases, which can be extremely complicated. The Non-Proliferation Experiment (NPE) was a low-yield chemical explosion detonated at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and recorded at more than 50 broadband seismic stations located throughout the western United States. These data were used to investigate the development of Lg and Pn, two seismic phases used in regional discriminants. The frequency-dependent attenuation for Lg recorded at 43 stations is described by the relation QLg (vertical) = 238 f1.28. The amplitude decay for Pn recorded at 38 stations is proportional to Δ−(1.29 + 0.05f) for the frequency window of 1 to 6 Hz. After removing the effects of distance and attenuation, we found the values of the spectral ratio Lg (4-6)/(2-4) to group according to the geologic terrain associated with the path traveled. Stations located within the Basin and Range had lower ratio values than stations located outside the Basin and Range. However, for the spectral ratio Pn (2-4)/(4-6), geologic terrain had an indirect effect. Pn is affected by Moho structure associated with the backazimuth, causing an azimuthal dependence. Of course, Moho structure can be a function of geologic terrain. Furthermore, the Pn arrival may be large or small, independent of azimuth. The values of the discriminant phase ratio Pn (1-2)/Lg (2-4) have an order of magnitude more scatter than Lg/Lg or Pn/Pn. Nonetheless, the values are both a function of geologic terrain (the Lg contribution) as well as Moho structure (Pn contribution).
POLITICAL SUBJECTIVITY OF TRANSNATIONAL DIGITAL CORPORATIONS
Authors: Cheban Andrey A. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To define political subjectivity of transnational digital corporations in the modern world.Methodology. Network effects arising within the framework of the modern digital platforms functioning are the subject of research. The paper analyzes such effects of the modern communicative space as “digital capsules”, deplatforming, avatarization and the power of algorithms. The special status and definition of the political subjectivity of transnational digital corporations are highlighted.Results. It has been concluded that the algorithms that perform functions on platforms have a significant impact on the communication and information space, while they are not a self-sufficient political entity.Research implications. The author's definition of the political subjectivity of digital corporations is presented, examples of influence on platforms by state institutions are given, scenarios for the development of political subjectivity in digital platforms are considered.
Gobierno corporativo, diversidad y ética en el sector bancario
Authors: Trujillo-Ponce Antonio , Baselga Pascual Laura 
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo expone la relación entre las características asociadas a la mejor supervisión del gobierno corporativo de las entidades financieras y sus efectos tanto en el rendimiento económico, como en su reputación ética. En concreto se analiza, por un lado, el impacto de las políticas de Responsabilidad Social (RS) y en general ligadas a una mayor calidad del gobierno corporativo con una mirada más centrada en la diversidad, en el rendimiento económico del sector bancario. Por otro lado, se muestra la evidencia existente en la relación entre el “buen gobierno” y la responsabilidad ética de las instituciones financieras. La mayor parte de trabajos académicos indican una relación positiva entre aquellas variables, ligadas a una gobernanza más efectiva, vinculadas principalmente a características del consejo de administración (tamaño, independencia, experiencia y diversidad), y a la reputación ética de las instituciones financieras. Sin embargo, la relación entre las características del gobierno y el rendimiento económico presenta resultados contradictorios en la literatura empírica. La relevancia de este análisis reside en aportar cierta luz al inconcluso debate académico entre responsabilidad social y su contribución al valor empresarial. Esta discusión resulta de especial interés en el sector bancario dado que la evidencia empírica es significativamente menor que en otros sectores, y porque permitiría testar los efectos de la nueva regulación surgida como consecuencia de la crisis financiera de 2008.
Recibido: 06 julio 2022Aceptado: 08 julio 2022
Celtycki miecz z Małej Wsi nad Wartą
Authors: Urbański Marek 
Published: March 2023

Na wielkim cmentarzysku w Małej Wsi niedaleko Sieradza autor odkrył w 1980 r. bogato wyposażony grób wojownika z celtyckim mieczem. Grób otrzymał nr 27, a po weryfikacji nr 508.
Miecz był w żelaznej pochwie z okuciami na krawędziach i ze wzmacniającymi wąsami, a zakończonej trzewikiem z guzikowatą końcówką. Długość całkowita wynosi 106 cm. Sztych ostrołukowy, głownia w przekroju soczewkowata ma długość 84 cm, szerokość 6–6,5 cm. Trzpień do rękojeści o długości 16 cm był zakończony zgrubieniem. Rękojeść od miecza oddzielał ruchomy dzwonowaty jelec.
Oprócz miecza w skład wyposażenia wchodziły: grot włóczni, tok, umbo, fibula, nóż, pochewka, nity, gwoździe, pierścień, pęseta i inne – wszystko z żelaza. Znaleziono także ok. 660 fragmentów ręcznie lepionych naczyń glinianych. Długie przedmioty metalowe były zorientowane wzdłuż linii W–E. Taki zestaw zabytków wskazuje na celtyckie pochodzenie zmarłego lub silne kontakty z celtyckim środowiskiem wojskowym.
Miecz można zaklasyfikować do typu I/1 P. Łuczkiewicza, a trzpień do typu B. Pochwa należy do typu V Tomasza Bochnaka. Taki zestaw T. Bochnak i L. Tyszler określają jako broń celtycką, datowana na fazę A2 lub A2/A3. Okaz miecza z Małej Wsi można traktować jako kolejny dowód na pobyt celtyckich Bojów w centralnej Polsce.
Drogi handlowe i szlaki pielgrzymie jako czynnik integracji w XXI wieku
Authors: Klonowski Michał M. 
Published: March 2023

Projekt Trade Routes and Pilgrimage Trails as a Factor of Integration był jednym z ważniejszych projektów zarówno w karierze profesora Jerzego Kmiecińskiego, jak i w historii Compostela Grupo de Universidades. Teraz, po niemal dwudziestu latach od jego zakończenia warto ponownie przyjrzeć się jego założeniom i dokonaniom, aby zweryfikować jego aktualność i adekwatność do współczesnego świata. Autor analizuje poszczególne elementy programu, zajmuje się więc nowymi „wcieleniami” dróg handlowych, oddzielnie dróg pielgrzymich w XXI w., a oddzielnie samą integracją. Następnie zastanawia się, czy duże zmiany, jakie zaszły w tych kategoriach pojęciowych wpłynęły jakoś na ogólne wnioski oryginalnego projektu. Dochodząc na końcu do kluczowego pytania – czy bardziej zmienił się świat, czy człowiek?
PENGARUH KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR DAN PERHATIAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MENGERJAKAN TUGAS RUMAH
Authors: Sartika Siti Dewi , Firdiansyah Yhadi 
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to (1) the influence of self-study against the student’s ability in doing their homework for Social Science subject, (2) parent’s attention against the student’s ability in doing their homework for Social Science subject, and (3) the influence of self-study and parent’s attention against the student’s ability in doing their homework for Social Science subject. This study uses a quantitative research with the type of correlation research. The population used were all students and parents of MTs NU Pakis and the samples used were 64 students and 64 parents. The analysis technique used is the classical assumption test in the form of normality test, heteroscedasticity test, and multicollinearity test with hypothesis testing in the form of t test and f test. The results showed 1) the influence self-study has a significant positive effect on student’s ability to do homework; 2) parent’s attention has a significant positive effect on student’s ability to do homework; 3) the influence of self-study and parent’s attention has a significant positive effect on the student’s ability in doing their homework.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) menjelaskan pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan tugas rumah mata pelajaran IPS, (2) menjelaskan pengaruh perhatian orang tua terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan tugas rumah mata pelajaran IPS, dan (3) menjelaskan pengaruh kemandirian belajar dan perhatian orang tua terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan tugas rumah mata pelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasi. Populasi yang digunakan adalah seluruh siswa dan orang tua MTs NU Pakis dan sampel yang digunakan adalah 64 siswa dan 64 orang tua. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik berupa uji normalitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, dan uji multikolinieritas dengan uji hipotesis berupa uji t dan uji f. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 1) kemandirian belajar berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan tugas rumah, 2) perhatian orang tua berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan tugas rumah, 3) kemandirian belajar dan perhatian orang tua berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan tugas rumah.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL EATING, MEAL SKIPPING AND UNHEALTHY FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERN IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS
Authors: Zahrah Nisri Ina , Fanani Moh , Ardyanto Tonang Dwi 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Psychological problems can lead to emotional eating and meal skipping, which may impact unhealthy food consumption patterns. This study aimed to assess the interrelationship between emotional eating, meal skipping, and unhealthy food consumption pattern in adolescent girls. Method: This cross-sectional study included 122 samples of adolescent girls aged 13-15 years. The study was carried out in Tangerang, in June 2021. The data of emotional eating were measured by Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ), meal skipping collected by self-reported questionnaire of daily eating frequency, and unhealthy food consumption patterns measured by Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Result: The results showed majority of emotional eater subjects more often consumed fatty foods (76.6%). It’s also found that adolescents skipping breakfast were high in consumed sweet foods (66.0%), while those skipping lunch (63.6%) and dinner (54.5%) were found higher to consume fatty foods than others. In addition, multivariate regression analyses showed that simultaneously between the variables, only emotional eating variables had a significant relationship with unhealthy food consumption patterns (p-value = 0.002), while meal skipping variables were not significantly related. Conclusion: It can be concluded that emotional eating can affect unhealthy food consumption patterns among adolescent girls, while meal skipping did not show any meaningful effect.
EMPOWERING YOUTH IN CONTROLLING COVID-19 INFECTION AT THE IRMA AL-KAUTSAR MOSQUE SENOPATI HOUSING, CIKANDE, SERANG REGENCY
Authors: Talitha Salma , Pratomo Hadi , Safitri Ditya Fahlevi , Nailius Imelda Sussanti , Ridwan Muhamad , Afriyanto Dzul Fahmi , Revita Wendya Nidsy 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Since the WHO has stated that the COVID-19 is a pandemic, education and empowerment regarding COVID-19 in youths is needed. The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of providing online education on behavior and the process of empowering the youth of the Irma Al-Kautsar Mosque regarding the COVID-19 prevention protocol. Method: A mixed method was conducted in this study. Case study design was used for qualitative method and quasi-experimental design for quantitative. Total sampling was used on the population, which was youths aged 14-18 years (N=10). The data collection and retrieval techniques are group discussions and questionnaires about behavior. Results: The study showed that the group discussion resulted in three big themes, namely related to the COVID-19 prevention and education program, the needs of youth for education about COVID-19, and effective methods of disseminating COVID-19 information for youths. It showed a change in the frequency and percentage of behavior regarding COVID-19 and the prevention of infection in youths. The paired t-test showed that the knowledge domain had a significance value p <0.05 and for the action and attitude domain was p> 0.05. Conclusions: There was a significant influence between providing education with knowledge improvement related to COVID-19 and prevention of infection among youth, while the attitudes and actions of youths were not significantly influenced by education intervention. Youth actively participated in empowerment activities for disseminating information related to COVID-19 on social media.
RELATIONSHIP OF THREE BASIC NEEDS BY MOTHER WITH GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN AGE 3-5 YEARS IN MULYOREJO, SURABAYA
Authors: Nindyaningrum Salsabila Farahdea , Muniroh Lailatul , Rifqi Mahmud Aditya 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Fulfilling the basic needs of children (education, love and care) can influence the growth and development of children in a positive direction. This study was aimed to analyze the relationship between the patterns of education, love, and care given by mothers with the growth and development of children at 3-5 years in the Mulyorejo Sub-District, Surabaya. Method: This study was cross-sectional design with 72 children aged 3-5 years old as sample and selected using simple random sampling. The data were collected from primary sources by interviewing mothers of children about her knowledge and the pattern of education, love, and care, measuring children’s anthropometry and interviewing Pre-Screening Questionnaire Test with children. The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Result: showed there was no relationship between education pattern (p = 0.122) and love pattern (p = 0.56) with child development. There was a correlation between consumption pattern (as a care pattern) of animal side dish with weight for age (p = 0.041; OR = -0.242), fruit consumption with weight for age (p = 0.010; OR = -0.301), and fruit consumption with weight for height (p = 0.025; OR = -0.264). Conclusion: Although there is no relationship between education and love patterns with child development, in the care pattern, the consumption pattern of animal and fruit side dishes is proven to be related to the growth of children.
The Relationship of Sociodemographic Factors with Near-miss and Missed Cases in Educational and Affiliated Hospitals in Makassar from 2019 to 2020
Authors: Meirisa Indah Ria Rezeki , Jusuf Elizabet C , Mappaware Nasrudin 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Maternal mortality remains a critical issue in achieving optimal health status. Evaluation through near-miss cases provides valuable data about morbidity to monitor the quality of obstetric services, which can be used to estimate the incidence of life-threatening obstetric complications. A study reported that the incidence of near-miss in pregnant women had a significant relationship with various non-medical factors, included sociodemographic factors. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship of sociodemographic factors with near-miss and missed cases. Methods: This analytic retrospective study conducted in Educational and affiliated hospitals in Makassar. Data were retrieved from the obstetric referral registry from 2019 to 2020. Sociodemographic factors of interest include diagnosis, gestational age, maternal age, referral status, maternal parity, and economics. Results: A total of 156 near-miss and missed cases were obtained from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. There was no significant relationship between maternal age (p=0.675), gestational age (p=0.38), parity (p=0.24), economic status (p=0.73), educational background (p=0.85), and referral status (p=0.16) with maternal near-miss and missed cases. Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and maternal near-miss and missed cases in Educational and affiliated hospitals in Makassar from 2019 to 2020. More studies are needed to evaluate other factors associated with near-miss and missed cases.
Effect of Stromal Vascular Fraction and Platelet-Rich Plasma Combination on Polymorphonuclear Cells in Wistar Rats Anal Trauma Model
Authors: Chandra Erwin , Sulmiati Sulmiati , Mariana Nita , Josh Fonny , Rachman Sachraswaty , Hamid Firdaus 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: By relying on polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contribute significantly in the healing process. Through anal trauma model, this study examined the effect of SVF and PRP combination on PMN counts in vivo. Method: Three groups of twenty-eight eligible Wistar rats anal trauma model randomly assigned to receive SVF and PRP combination (Group A), normal saline (Group B), or healthy controls (Group C). On days 1, 7, and 14, we examined at PMN cell counts in Groups A and B. Group C were sacrificed early to acquire baseline data on PMN cells. Results: On the first day, Group A had more PMN cells than Group B, but this difference faded by days 7 and 14. On day 1, the test revealed a significant increase in PMN cells (p=0.002). Conclusion: Combining SVF and PRP can improve PMN cells' acute phase of anal damage repair in vivo