bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic diversity of mpox virus in Paris area (France) during the 2022 outbreak
Authors: Piorkowski Géraldine , Ghosn Jade , Coppée Romain , Mailhé Morgane , Ferré Valentine Marie , Houhou‐Fidouh Nadhira , Yazdanpanah Yazdan , Le Hingrat Quentin , Raoul Hervé , Charpentier Charlotte , Descamps Diane , de Lamballerie Xavier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn May 2022, several countries reported mpox cases from patients without history of traveling to endemic areas. France was one of the most affected European countries by this outbreak. In this study, the clinical characteristics of mpox cases in France were described, and the genetic diversity of the virus was studied. Patients diagnosed with mpox infection (quantitative polymerase chain reaction ct < 28) between May 21, and July 4, 2022 and between 16th August and 10th September 2022 were included to this study. Twelve amplicons corresponding to the most polymorphic regions of the mpox genome and covering ~30 000 nucleotides were generated and sequenced using the S5 XL Ion Torrent technology to evaluate the genetic diversity of mpox sequences. One hundred and forty‐eight patients were diagnosed with mpox‐infection. 95% were men, 5% transgender (M‐to‐F), 50% were taking human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre‐exposure prophylaxis, and 25% were HIV seropositive. One hundred and sixty‐two samples (some patients had two samples) were sequenced and compared to GenBank sequences. Overall, low genetic diversity of mpox sequences was found compared with pre‐epidemic Western‐African sequences, with 32 distinct mutational patterns. This study provides a first glance at the mutational landscape of early mpox 2022 circulating strains in Paris (France).
Investigation of DC and RF characteristics of spacer layer thickness engineered recessed gate and field‐plated III‐nitride nano‐HEMT on β‐Ga2O3 substrate
Authors: Rao G. Purnachandra , Lenka Trupti Ranjan , Boukort Nour El. I. , Nguyen Hieu Pham Trung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, a field plated recessed gate III‐nitride HEMT on β‐Ga2O3 substrate is proposed using AlN spacer between AlGaN and GaN layers. The two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) transport characteristics, input/output, and RF characteristics of the proposed HEMT with AlN spacer layer of different thickness (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 nm) are numerically simulated and compared with HEMT without spacer layer. The 2DEG, which is created at the junction of AlGaN/GaN, plays a crucial role in the operation of GaN HEMTs. With the help of AlN as spacer layer between AlGaN and GaN, an augmented 2DEG concentration is accomplished owing to its large conduction band offset, high polarization effect, and higher barrier. Additionally, the inclusion of AlN spacer layer shifts the 2DEG density away from interface, resulting minimized interface scattering which results into greater mobility. The HEMT exhibited a mobility of 1261 cm2/Vs, threshold voltage of −0.45 V, drain current of 1.12 A/mm, breakdown voltage of 149 V, and excellent RF characteristics, that is, cut‐off frequency (maximum oscillation frequency) of 384 GHz (546 GHz) using 2‐nm AlN spacer layer. The proposed III‐nitride HEMT on β‐Ga2O3 substrate with 2‐nm AlN spacer can be used for RF/microwave and high‐power nanoelectronics applications.
Heart failure is associated with increased risk of all‐cause mortality after transvenous lead extraction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Talaei Fahimeh , Tan Min C. , Trongtorsak Angkawipa , Lee Justin Z. , Rattanawong Pattara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransvenous lead extraction (TLE) is increasingly considered in cardiac implantable electronic device management. Heart failure (HF) might be associated with mortality risks after the TLE procedure. This study aims to assess mortality risk in HF patients undergoing TLE.MethodWe searched MEDLINE and Embase databases from inception to June 2022 to identify articles that included patients with and without HF who underwent TLE, which reported mortality in both groups. The pooled effect size was calculated with a random‐effects model and 95% CI to compare post‐TLE mortality between the two groups.ResultsEleven studies were included in the analysis. Each left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased by 1% was associated with reduced mortality by 2% (HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99, I2 = 74.9%, p < .01). The presence of HF compared to those without HF was associated with higher mortality rates (OR: 3.04, 95% CI: 2.56–3.61, I2 = 0.0%, p < .531). There was a significant increase in the mortality rates in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) function class III (OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.29–4.06, I2 = 0.0%, p = .498) and NYHA IV (OR: 8.5, 95% CI: 2.98–24.3, I2 = 0.0%, p = .997).ConclusionsOur study found that post‐TLE mortality decreases by 2% as LVEF increases by 1%, also mortality is higher in patients with NYHA III and IV.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus upfront surgery as the initial treatment for patients with resectable, synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastases
Authors: Lee Jong Min , Han Yoon Dae , Cho Min Soo , Hur Hyuk , Lee Kang Young , Kim Nam Kyu , Min Byung Soh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough perioperative chemotherapy has been the standard treatment for colorectal cancer with resectable liver metastases (CRLM), studies that have compared neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and upfront surgery, especially in the setting of synchronous metastases are rare.MethodsWe compared perioperative outcomes, overall survival (OS) and overall survival after recurrence (rOS) in a retrospective study of 281 total and 104 propensity score‐matched (PSM) patients who underwent curative resection, with or without NAC, for synchronous CRLM, from 2006 to 2017. A Cox regression model was developed for OS.ResultsAfter PSM, 52 NAC and 52 upfront surgery patients with similar baseline characteristics were compared. Postoperative morbidity, mortality, and 5‐year OS rate (NAC: 78.9%, surgery: 64.0%; p = 0.102) were similar between groups; however, the NAC group had better rOS (NAC: 67.3%, surgery: 31.5%; p = 0.049). Initial cancer stage (T4, N1–2), poorly differentiated histology, and >1 hepatic metastases were independent predictors of worse OS. Based on these factors, patients were divided into low‐risk (≤1 risk factor, n = 115) and high‐risk (≥2 risk factors, n = 166) groups. For high‐risk patients, NAC yielded better OS than upfront surgery (NAC: 74.5%, surgery: 53.2%; p = 0.024).ConclusionsAlthough NAC and upfront surgery‐treated patients had similar perioperative outcomes and OS, better postrecurrence survival was shown in patients with NAC. In addition, NAC may benefit patients with worse prognoses; therefore, physicians should consider patient disease risk before initiating treatment to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from chemotherapy.
The RVU Compensation Model and Head and Neck Surgical Education
Authors: Chow Michael S. , Gordon Alex J. , Talwar Abhinav , Lydiatt William M. , Yueh Bevan , Givi Babak 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe present study aims to quantify the opportunity cost of training residents and fellows for head and neck surgery.MethodsA 2005–2015 review of ablative head and neck surgical procedures was performed using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). Work relative value units (wRVU) generated per hour were compared among procedures performed by attendings alone, attendings with residents, and attendings with fellows.ResultsAmong 34,078 ablative procedures, the rate of wRVU generation per hour was greatest for attendings alone (10.3), followed by attendings with residents (8.9) and attendings with fellows (7.0, p < 0.001). Resident and fellow involvement was associated with opportunity costs of $60.44 per hour (95% CI: $50.21–$70.66/h) and $78.98 per hour ($63.10–$94.87/h, 95% CI), respectively.ConclusionwRVU‐based physician reimbursement does not consider or adjust for the extra effort involved in training future head and neck surgeons.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:113–119, 2024
Existence and multiplicity of positive solutions of certain nonlocal scalar field equations
Authors: Bhakta Mousomi , Chakraborty Souptik , Ganguly Debdip 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study existence and multiplicity of positive solutions of the following class of nonlocal scalar field equations:

where , , , and is a nonnegative functional, that is, whenever u is a nonnegative function in . We establish Palais–Smale decomposition of the functional associated with the above equation. Using the decomposition, we establish existence of three positive solutions to (), under the condition that with as and is small enough (but ). Further, we prove that () admits at least two positive solutions when , as and is small enough (but ). Finally, we prove the existence of a positive solution when under certain asymptotic behavior on the function a.
The impact of government support on firm innovation: Evidence from China
Authors: Gao Weiwei , Lv Guocan , Li Zhengfeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper systematically analyzes the relationship between government support and private enterprise innovation. A firm‐level proxy for government support is derived based on Chinese context. Specifically, we explore whether and how government subsidies affect private firms' innovation output. We find that government subsidies can promote private enterprise innovation, and this impact will be further strengthened when firms face high level of financing constraints and when large shareholders pledge their equities. However, this impact will be weakened in regions with high marketization degree and good information environment. Further analysis shows that government support can have a positive impact on corporate innovation by increasing private firms' innovation input and reducing financing costs. Our study sheds new light on the role of government support by investigating the boundary conditions and exploring the impact channel of its effect. Also, this paper fills a gap in the research on the role of government support and the situational research by putting this issue in Chinese context.
Searching for and evaluating outsourced chief investment officers
Authors: Park Daehyeon , Ryu Doojin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes the impact of the outsourced chief investment officer (OCIO) index and OCIO search consultant on asset owners' selection of OCIOs. We adopt an agent‐based model with a reinforcement learning method by defining the OCIO search problem as a multi‐armed bandit problem. Our model highlights the significance of the information regarding potential managers provided by the OCIO index and an OCIO search consultant. Our simulation results indicate that the more managers in the market, the harder it is for asset owners to identify the optimal OCIO. If asset owners place greater emphasis on their preferences when evaluating OCIOs, those challenges might be eased. Our results suggest that OCIO search consultants and the OCIO index can support asset owners' decision‐making.
Cardiac function in pediatric Ewing sarcoma during and after treatment: A longitudinal study
Authors: Mande Radnyi , Prasad Maya , Srinivasan Shyam , Parambil Badira Cheriyalinkal , Gollamudi Venkata Rama Mohan , Daddi Anuprita , Sawant Sheela , Khanna Nehal , Laskar Siddharth , Chinnaswamy Girish 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile anthracycline therapy has been shown to improve outcomes in Ewing sarcoma, it may be associated with severe and even fatal cardiac dysfunction. We evaluated the burden and determinants of cardiac dysfunction in pediatric Ewing sarcoma (pES).MethodsThis retrospective study included children aged 0–18 years with pES treated at our center with the EFT 2001 protocol (anthracycline and cyclophosphamide containing regimen), with/without radiation therapy from January 2001 to December 2018. Cardiac dysfunction was defined as left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction with an absolute value <50%.ResultsAmongst 650 eligible patients (median age at diagnosis 12 years and median follow‐up duration 69 months), 85 (13%) developed cardiac dysfunction, at a median 13 months (range: 1–168 months). The cumulative incidence of cardiac dysfunction was 5.7% at 12 months, 12% at 2 years, 13% at 3 years, 14% at 5 years, and 15 % at 10 years. At a median follow‐up duration of 25 (range: 3–212) months, 21 (24.7%) patients had normalization of LV function, whereas nine (10.6%) patients died of cardiac causes. Older age at diagnosis (7–12 years OR 5.1, p = .01, 13–18 years, OR 3.9, p = .03), female sex (OR 2.3, p = .004), undernutrition (OR 2.9, p = .001), and chest wall location (OR 8.7, p = .08) were risk factors for cardiac dysfunction.ConclusionsChildren with Ewing sarcoma have a high incidence of cardiac dysfunction, which continues to develop even years after therapy, underlining the need for life‐long surveillance. Undernourished children are at a higher risk for cardiac dysfunction and need stringent monitoring.
Unfolding parental knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs toward palliative care for children with cancer
Authors: Rassam Rima Saad , Huijer Huda Abu‐Saad , Noureddine Samar , Smith Ellen M. Lavoie , Wolfe Joanne , Fares Souha , Abboud Miguel R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundParents’ views toward pediatric palliative care (PPC) remain underexplored, especially in low/middle‐income countries where care relies heavily on families. A better understanding of parents’ perspectives would inform strategies to support PPC integration into the care of children with cancer. This multicenter study aimed to examine knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs toward PPC among parents of children with cancer in Lebanon to uncover areas for improvement and determine associated factors.MethodsUsing a quantitative cross‐sectional descriptive design, 105 primary caregivers (RR = 95.4%) were recruited during the child's visit to one of three pediatric oncology centers in Lebanon. Data were collected through structured interviews using questionnaire items newly developed or taken from validated tools. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlational analysis, and multiple linear regression.ResultsOnly 18/105 participants (17.1%) had heard about PPC and 2% had accurate information about it. When given a brief description, more than 90% endorsed PPC and recommended its integration upon the child's diagnosis. Respectively, “Religious and spiritual engagement” and “Overwhelming negative emotions” were the most cited facilitators and barriers to integrating PPC. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs were significantly associated with several demographic and clinical factors such as education level, number of persons living with the child, child's symptom count, and pain score.ConclusionThis research is among the very first studies conducted to examine parents’ perspectives toward PPC for children with cancer in Lebanon. Study findings inform future directions to promote PPC in limited‐resource settings through expanded research, policy, education, and practice initiatives.
A novelO‐carboxymethyl chitosan‐based hydrogel of an outstanding adsorption performance for removal of cationic Basic Red 12 dye from its aqueous solution
Authors: Al‐Harby Nouf F. , Almutairi Ruwayda S. , Elmehbad Noura Y. , Mohamed Nadia A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractO‐Carboxymethyl chitosan (O‐CM‐chitosan) hydrogel, prepared in our previous study, was investigated in this work for the first time as adsorbent for Basic Red 12 (BR 12) dye. With rising temperature (from 25°C to 55°C) and decreasing solution pH (from 9 to 4), a lowering in both adsorption capacity (from 703.47 to 400.79 mg/g) and removal efficiency (from 70.34% to 40.08%) was observed. A significant increase in adsorption capacity (from 342.75 to 621.39 mg/g) was observed with increasing initial dye concentration (from 400 to 1000 mg/L), while a decrease in removal efficiency (from 85.69% to 62.14%) was noted. Pseudo‐second‐order model fitted well the adsorption. Isotherms of adsorption conform to Langmuir model with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 625 mg/g. The value of∆H°(−23.99 kJ/mol) implied exothermic nature of adsorption process. Values of ΔG°indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous at low temperature and nonspontaneous at high temperature. The value of activation energy is equal to 13.071 kJ/mol. The dye removal percentage from the hydrogel was 88% at the first cycle. Thus,O‐CM‐chitosan hydrogel has promising and effective properties for removing BR 12 and similar dyes from aqueous media.
Syringin inhibits endogenous volume regulated anion channel currents of HEK293 cells in hypotonic circumstances
Authors: Xu Ziwei , Yao Wei , Liang Minyan , Wang Song , Lu Longhui , Wang Jingjing , Zhu Na , Huang Liping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSyringin is a natural chemical compound first isolated from the bark of lilac and is known to have neuroprotective effects in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Volume regulated anion channel (VRAC) is a cell swelling‐activated anion channel, which is implicated in brain ischemia. However, the mechanism underlying the syringin protecting the neuron from damage in MCAO is still unclear. We hypothesized that syringin has an inhibitory effect on the opening of VRAC channels. To access the effect of syringin on VRAC currents and predict how syringin interacts with VRAC proteins, we performed whole‐cell patch‐clamp experiments using HEK293 cells. Initially, HEK293 cells were perfused with isotonic extracellular solution, followed by hypotonic extracellular solution to stimulate endogenous VRAC currents. Once the VRAC currents reached a steady state, the hypotonic solution containing syringin was perfused to study the effect of syringin on VRAC currents. The potential interaction between syringin and the VRAC protein was investigated using molecular docking as a predictive model. In this study, we found that syringin moderately inhibited VRAC currents in a dose‐dependent manner. The potential binding of syringin to LRRC8 protein was predicted through in silico molecular docking, which suggests an affinity of −6.6 kcal/mol and potential binding sites of arginine 103 and leucine 101. Our results herein characterize syringin as an inhibitor of the VRAC channels, which provides valuable insights for the future development of VRAC channel inhibitors.
CNS4 causes subtype‐specific changes in agonist efficacy and reversal potential of permeant cations in NMDA receptors
Authors: Boehringer Seth C. , Johnston Tullia V. , Kwapisz Lina Cortez , VandeVord Pamela J. , Costa Blaise M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor serves as an attractive drug target for the treatment of disorders evolving from hyper‐ or hypoglutamatergic conditions. Compounds that optimize the function of NMDA receptors are of great clinical significance. Here, we present the pharmacological characterization of a biased allosteric modulator, CNS4. Results indicate that CNS4 sensitizes ambient levels of agonists and reduces higher‐concentration glycine & glutamate efficacy in 1/2AB receptors, but minimally alters these parameters in diheteromeric 1/2A or 1/2B receptors. Glycine efficacy is increased in both 1/2C and 1/2D, while glutamate efficacy is decreased in 1/2C and unaltered in 1/2D. CNS4 does not affect the activity of competitive antagonist binding at glycine (DCKA) and glutamate (DL‐AP5) sites; however, it decreases memantine potency in 1/2A receptors but not in 1/2D receptors. Current–voltage (I‐V) relationship studies indicate that CNS4 potentiates 1/2A inward currents, a phenomenon that was reversed in the absence of permeable Na+ ions. In 1/2D receptors, CNS4 blocks inward currents based on extracellular Ca2+ concentration. Further, CNS4 positively modulates glutamate potency on E781A_1/2A mutant receptors, indicating its role at the distal end of the 1/2A agonist binding domain interface. Together, these findings reveal that CNS4 sensitizes ambient agonists and allosterically modulates agonist efficacy by altering Na+ permeability based on the GluN2 subunit composition. Overall, the pharmacology of CNS4 aligns with the need for drug candidates to treat hypoglutamatergic neuropsychiatric conditions such as loss function GRIN disorders and anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis.
Comigration and interactions between two species of rice planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus and Sogatella furcifera) and natural enemies in eastern Asia
Authors: Wang Xingya , Ma Haotian , Wu Qiulin , Zhou Yan , Zhou Lihong , Xiu Xianzhi , Zhao Yuechao , Wu Kongming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNatural enemies are important in pest control. However, control by natural enemies is hindered by the migration of rice planthoppers. Therefore, comigration and interactions between Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén) and Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) and five predator species, Chrysoperla sinica Tjeder, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Episyrphus balteatus, Syrphus corollae (Fab.) and Chrysopa pallens (Rambur) in eastern Asia were investigated.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2021, the migration patterns of two rice planthoppers and five natural enemy species were monitored by suction trapping on Beihuang Island, Shandong Province, China. Both planthoppers and the five natural enemies regularly comigrated from late April to late October each year. There were significant interannual and seasonal differences in the numbers of two rice planthoppers migrating across this island. Simulated seasonal migration trajectories indicated different source areas for the two rice planthoppers, which mainly originated in northeast, north and east China. The biomass of planthoppers was significantly positively correlated with that of the ladybug H. axyridis in all migration periods, and significant differences in the ratio of rice planthoppers to natural enemies among months. A time‐lag effect between seasons was obtained when natural enemies and pests comigrated.ConclusionMigration was coordinated between rice planthoppers and natural enemies in East Asia. When natural enemies and rice planthoppers comigrated, time lags between seasons were observed. The unique insights into the migration patterns will help to increase understanding of the occurrence of rice planthoppers in eastern Asia and provide an important theoretical basis for regional monitoring and management of rice planthoppers. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Classical Emulation of Bright Quantum States
Authors: Vlasenko Svetlana , Mikhalychev Alexander , Pakniyat Samaneh , Hanson George , Boag Amir , Slepyan Gregory , Mogilevtsev Dmitri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe way to emulate classically a number of fundamental quantum mechanical experiments is shown, such as Hong‐Ou‐Mandel interference, phase measurements with NOON states and specifically structured “revivals” in Jaynes‐Cummings model using coherent states with large number of photons. It is also shown that certain classes of bright non‐classical states can be efficiently emulated by our technique independently of the average photon number of these states.