bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocognitive constructs as longitudinal predictors of reading fluency
Authors: Samuels Jody , Decker Scott L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReading fluency (RF) involves the automaticity of many distinct reading skills (e.g., pacing, word recognition, phonological awareness) and allows cognitive resources to be allocated to higher‐order reading skills (e.g., comprehension, synthesis). Early identification of students at‐risk for RF deficits is critical, but many screeners require a level of basic proficiency with foundational reading skills. This review examines the longitudinal relationships between neurocognitive precursors of RF with special consideration of cognitive processing demands of measurement tasks. Eighteen articles yielded 80 unique correlations between 6 neurocognitive constructs (phonological processing, rapid automatic naming, working memory, nonverbal reasoning, orthographic processing, and visual‐spatial processing) measured through 35 unique subtests/tasks and 2 primary RF outcomes (word RF and text RF) measured through 11 unique subtests/tasks. Phonological processing was the most frequently assessed neurocognitive predictor (41.3% of total correlations), followed by rapid automatic naming (32.5%). Nearly all correlation coefficients were significant (83.75%); 28.75% of correlations suggested a strong predictive relationship between a neurocognitive predictor and an RF outcome. The strength of correlation largely varied as a function of the task demands as evidenced through the supplemental process analyses, suggesting future consideration should be given to the specificity of task selection to improve ecologically valid conclusions. Evidence from this review supports the need to consider specific neurocognitive functions, specifically rapid automatic naming and orthographic processing, as critical components of dynamic and comprehensive assessments of reading to help identify students at‐risk for future RF challenges.
Omics and systems view of innate immune pathways
Authors: Rathore Deepali , Marino Matthew J. , Nita‐Lazar Aleksandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultiomics approaches to studying systems biology are very powerful techniques that can elucidate changes in the genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic levels within a cell type in response to an infection. These approaches are valuable for understanding the mechanisms behind disease pathogenesis and how the immune system responds to being challenged. With the emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the importance and utility of these tools have become evident in garnering a better understanding of the systems biology within the innate and adaptive immune response and for developing treatments and preventative measures for new and emerging pathogens that pose a threat to human health. In this review, we focus on state‐of‐the‐art omics technologies within the scope of innate immunity.
Proteomics coupled transcriptomics reveals lipopolysaccharide inhibiting peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors signalling pathway to reduce lipid droplets accumulation in mouse liver
Authors: Ran Haiying , Sun Wei , Wang Liting , Wang Xiaoyang , Yu Haili , Chen Jiajia , Liu Fang , Chao Zhiyin , Pu Qi , Liu Yang , Zeng Youlong , Li Zhangfu , Wan Ying , Yuan Jiangbei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLipid droplets (LDs) are multifunctional organelles consisting of a central compartment of non‐polar lipids shielded from the cytoplasm by a phospholipid monolayer. The excessive accumulation of LDs in cells is closely related to the development and progression of many diseases in humans and animals, such as liver‐related and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, regulating the LDs size and abundance is necessary to maintain metabolic homeostasis. This study found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation reduced the LDs content in the mouse liver. We tried to explain the possible molecular mechanisms at the broad protein and mRNA levels, finding that inhibition of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPAR) signalling pathway by LPS may be a critical factor in reducing LDs content.
Short‐term effectiveness of kinesio taping as therapeutic tool in conservative treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tomás‐Escolar Alberto , Merino‐Andrés Javier , Sánchez‐Sierra Alberto , Aceituno‐Gómez Javier , Fernández‐Pérez Juan José 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeCarpal tunnel syndrome is the most common peripheral neuropathy of the upper extremities and kinesio taping is one of the tools used as a complementary tool within the conventional treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. To investigate the short‐term effects of kinesio taping on pain, functionality, strength, and nerve conduction in subjects suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome.MethodsSystematic review with meta‐analysis. Seven electronic databases (MEDLINE‐Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PEDro, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) were searched for full‐text articles published from inception to March 1st, 2023. Studies had to meet the following inclusion criteria: randomised clinical trials, including patients of legal age with mild, moderate, or severe symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome without associated pathologies, and treating the studied body area with kinesio taping, whether or not in combination with other therapies. The DerSimonian and Laird method was employed using random effects models to calculate the pooled estimate of the effect size with confidence intervals of 95%. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to judge the certainty of the evidence for all outcomes.ResultsThirteen studies were included, comprising 665 participants with carpal tunnel syndrome. This meta‐analysis revealed a strong effect of kinesio taping on distal sensory latency and a weak effect on functionality and pain, while no significantly superior effects were found on the symptom severity, strength, or neurophysiological outcomes (distal motor latency and sensory conduction velocity) compared to other physical therapy techniques or untreated control group in the short term, with moderate‐certainty evidence.DiscussionKinesio taping is a complementary tool to the conventional treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome that improves functionality, pain, and distal sensory latency in the short term.
A phase I, first‐in‐human study investigating the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the maturation inhibitor GSK3739937
Authors: Benn Paul D. , Zhang Ying , Kahl Lesley , Greene Thomas J. , Bainbridge Veronica , Fishman Cindy , Wen Bo , Gartland Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe report the safety and pharmacokinetic properties of the HIV‐1 maturation inhibitor GSK3739937 (GSK'937) in healthy participants. This was a phase I, first‐in‐human, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, single‐ (part 1) and multiple‐ (part 2) dose escalation study with an additional open‐label relative bioavailability and food effect study (part 3). Participants received oral ascending single doses (10–800 mg) in part 1, up to 18 once‐daily 25‐ to 100‐mg or 3 once‐weekly 500‐mg doses in part 2, and single 100‐mg doses as powder‐in‐bottle or tablet (in fed and fasted states) formulations in part 3. Primary and secondary objectives were safety and pharmacokinetic assessments, respectively. Ninety‐one participants were enrolled; 38 reported 81 total adverse events (AEs). All AEs in participants receiving GSK'937 were grade 1 or 2 and resolved during the study. Most drug‐related AEs were gastrointestinal (14/17, 82%). The terminal phase half‐life of GSK'937 was ~3 days for all doses following single and repeat dosing. Geometric mean maximum concentration and total drug exposures exhibited dose‐proportional increases during part 1. Accumulation in exposure following repeat dosing was 6‐ to 7‐fold with daily dosing and ~1.7‐fold after weekly treatment, as expected due to the long half‐life. Bioavailability of GSK'937 after a meal was 1.35‐ to 1.40‐fold greater as a tablet versus powder‐in‐bottle and >2‐fold higher in fed versus fasted states when provided as a tablet. No unexpected or dose‐limiting safety events occurred. Pharmacokinetic parameters of long half‐life and accumulation of exposure following repeat dosing suggest the potential for weekly oral dosing. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04493684.
RNAi‐mediated silencing of SlitPer disrupts sex pheromone communication behavior in Spodoptera litura
Authors: Yang Hui‐Hui , Li Jian‐Qiao , Ma Sai , Yao Wei‐Chen , Chen Yu‐Wen , El Wakil Abeer , Dewer Youssef , Zhu Xiu‐Yun , Sun Liang , Zhang Ya‐Nan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe 24‐h circadian rhythm is considered crucial for insect sexual communication. However, its molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, particularly the roles of the clock gene period (Per), remain largely unclear. The sex pheromone communication behavior of Spodoptera litura displays typical circadian rhythm characteristics. Thus, it represents an excellent model for functional analyses of the clock gene Per.ResultsIn this study, we investigated the potential roles of SlitPer in regulating sex pheromone communication in S. litura using RNA interference, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reactions (qPCR), gas chromatography, and behavioral assays. The qPCR results showed that the expression levels of SlitPer and two desaturase genes (SlitDes5 and SlitDes11) in the siPer group differed significantly at most time points from those in the siNC group. Dynamic variation in the three major sex pheromone titers and calling behavior of S. litura females in the siPer group was disordered. In addition, the mating rates of siPer S. litura females decreased significantly by 33.33%. Oviposition by mated siPer females was substantially reduced by 84.84%.ConclusionThese findings provide a fundamental basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism by which Per regulates sex pheromone communication behavior in lepidopteran species. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Multi‐innovation gradient‐based iterative identification methods for feedback nonlinear systems by using the decomposition technique
Authors: Yang Dan , Ding Feng 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis paper studies the parameter estimation problems of feedback nonlinear systems. Combining the multi‐innovation identification theory with the negative gradient search, we derive a multi‐innovation gradient‐based iterative algorithm. In order to reduce the computational burden and further improve the parameter estimation accuracy, a decomposition multi‐innovation gradient‐based iterative algorithm is proposed by using the decomposition technique. The key is to transform an original system into two subsystems and to estimate the parameters of each subsystem, respectively. A simulation example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Hybrid‐driven‐based resilient control for networked T‐S fuzzy systems with time‐delay and cyber‐attacks
Authors: Saravanakumar T. , Lee Tae H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work investigates design problem of the hybrid‐triggered‐based resilient controller for a class of Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy systems subject to nondeterministic cyber‐attacks, probabilistic time‐delay, controller gain variations and actuator failures in which nondeterministic cyber‐attacks and hybrid‐triggered mechanism are implemented by probabilistic variables gratifying the Bernoulli distributions. To save the network resources, a new kind of hybrid‐triggered‐based resilient controller design is introduced. By employing Lyapunov technique together with improved Wirtinger's integral inequalities and event‐generator function, new delay‐dependent sufficient conditions are constructed which assures that the resulting closed‐loop system is mean square asymptotically stable and satisfies a prescribed performance. At last, two numerical examples are provided to display the effectiveness and advantage of the constructed method.
Imaging‐sonar observations of salmonid interactions with a vertical axis instream turbine
Authors: Bender Anke , Langhamer Olivia , Francisco Francisco , Forslund Johan , Hammar Linus , Sundberg Jan , Molander Sverker 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnthropogenic activities and their influences on aquatic systems is an important topic, especially considering the growing interest in using the earth's resources in a sustainable way. One of those anthropogenic activities is the introduction of renewable technologies into the aquatic environment such as instream turbines. Environmental studies around those technologies are often still ongoing due to their novelty. During the spring of 2018, juvenile individuals of two salmonid species, Atlantic salmon and brown trout were released upstream a vertical axis instream turbine in the river Dal (Dalälven) in eastern Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate the swimming behavior of the salmonids around a small‐scale prototype vertical axis instream turbine. The swimming pattern and the possible response of avoiding the vertical axis instream turbine were documented with a multi beam sonar. A control area, next to the turbine, was used as reference. No consistent results were shown for trout as they were passing the control area with a statistically high variation, and specimens were rarely observed in proximity of the turbine, neither if the turbine was operating nor at stand still. Salmon clearly avoided the operating turbine, but did not avoid the turbine when it was at stand still, and was often observed swimming straight through the turbine area. These findings indicate that operating this type of instream turbine in a river affects the swimming behavior of Atlantic salmon but is unlikely to affect its migration paths. For brown trout, the statistical results are inconclusive, although data indicate a response of avoiding the turbine. The species are in little risk to suffer physical harm as no fish entered the rotating turbine, despite very turbid water conditions.
A critical race theory analysis of STEM schools in an urban school district
Authors: Wade‐Jaimes Katherine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe creation of specialty science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) Schools has been presented as a way to improve both academic and STEM‐related outcomes, particularly in urban school districts where “failing” schools are converted the STEM Schools. This study examines this conversion process through the tenets of critical race theory, particularly the tenets of Whiteness as property, interest convergence, and the power of discourse. Using data collected from 28 textual sources and 29 interviews of teachers, students, and administrators at STEM Schools, a comparative case study approach was used to examine the historical development of two STEM Schools in one urban area. Findings indicated that the creation of STEM Schools was a way to protect STEM as a property of Whiteness by funneling resources toward White, middle‐class students. Additionally, the motivation for the conversions demonstrates how interest convergence functions in educational reform. In particular, the interests of White parents (to have access to high‐quality educational resources) and industry leaders (to develop a STEM workforce) temporarily converged with the interests of local families to improve neighborhood schools. However, ultimately, Black students and families, particularly those from lower socioeconomic status, were not served by the new STEM Schools.
The impact of political competition on green innovation: A new insight into sustainable development
Authors: Yang Hao‐Chang , Feng Gen‐Fu , Gong Qiang , Chang Chun‐Ping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research examines a panel of 121 economies worldwide over the period 1980–2020 for the impact of political competition on green innovation. We find that an increase in the intensity of political competition has a significantly negative impact on green innovation and that this impact remains significant in the long term, especially for non‐OECD countries and middle (low) income countries, whereas the sub‐indicators of political competition indicate that the level of institutionalization of political participation and the degree of government restrictions on political participation have different impacts on green innovation. The findings also reveal that lower political risk and higher levels of globalization positively moderate the negative impact of political competition on green innovation. The adverse effects of party competition are exacerbated when left‐wing parties are in power. This study offers new insight into sustainable development based on examining the relationship between political competition and green innovation.
Impact of Nanomedicine in Women's Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Ashkarran Ali Akbar , Lin Zijin , Rana Jatin , Bumpers Harvey , Sempere Lorenzo , Mahmoudi Morteza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetastatic breast cancer is responsible for 90% of mortalities among women suffering from various types of breast cancers. Traditional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy can cause significant side effects and may not be effective in many cases. However, recent advances in nanomedicine have shown great promise in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. For example, nanomedicine demonstrated robust capacity in detection of metastatic cancers at early stages (i.e., before the metastatic cells leave the initial tumor site), which gives clinicians a timely option to change their treatment process (for example, instead of endocrine therapy they may use chemotherapy). Here recent advances in nanomedicine technology in the identification and treatment of metastatic breast cancers are reviewed.
Homogenizing Zn Deposition in Hierarchical Nanoporous Cu for a High‐Current, High Areal‐Capacity Zn Flow Battery
Authors: Li Yang , Li Liangyu , Zhao Yunhe , Deng Canbin , Yi Zhibin , Xiao Diwen , Mubarak Nauman , Xu Mengyang , Li Jie , Luo Guangfu , Chen Qing , Kim Jang‐Kyo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA Zn anode can offset the low energy density of a flow battery for a balanced approach toward electricity storage. Yet, when targeting inexpensive, long‐duration storage, the battery demands a thick Zn deposit in a porous framework, whose heterogeneity triggers frequent dendrite formation and jeopardizes the stability of the battery. Here, Cu foam is transferred into a hierarchical nanoporous electrode to homogenize the deposition. It begins with alloying the foam with Zn to form Cu5Zn8, whose depth is controlled to retain the large pores for a hydraulic permeability ≈10−11 m2. Dealloying follows to create nanoscale pores and abundant fine pits below 10 nm, where Zn can nucleate preferentially due to the Gibbs–Thomson effect, as supported by a density functional theory simulation. Morphological evolution monitored by in situ microscopy confirms uniform Zn deposition. The electrode delivers 200 h of stable cycles in a Zn–I2 flow battery at 60 mAh cm−2 and 60 mA cm−2, performance that meets practical demands.
High‐Performance, Light‐Stimulation Healable, and Closed‐Loop Recyclable Lignin‐Based Covalent Adaptable Networks
Authors: Ma Xiaozhen , Wang Xiaolin , Zhao Honglong , Xu Xiaobo , Cui Minghui , Stott Nathan E. , Chen Peng , Zhu Jin , Yan Ning , Chen Jing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, high‐performance, light‐stimulation healable, and closed‐loop recyclable covalent adaptable networks are successfully synthesized from natural lignin‐based polyurethane (LPU) Zn2+ coordination structures (LPUxZy). Using an optimized LPU (LPU‐20 with a tensile strength of 28.4 ± 3.5 MPa) as the matrix for Zn2+ coordination, LPUs with covalent adaptable coordination networks are obtained that have different amounts of Zn. When the feed amount of ZnCl2 is 9 wt%, the strength of LPU‐20Z9 reaches 37.3 ± 3.1 MPa with a toughness of 175.4 ± 4.6 MJ m−3, which is 1.7 times of that of LPU‐20. In addition, Zn2+ has a crucial catalytic effect on “dissociation mechanism” in the exchange reaction of LPU. Moreover, the Zn2+‐based coordination bonds significantly enhance the photothermal conversion capability of lignin. The maximum surface temperature of LPU‐20Z9 reaches 118 °C under the near‐infrared illumination of 0.8 W m−2. This allows the LPU‐20Z9 to self‐heal within 10 min. Due to the catalytic effect of Zn2+, LPU‐20Z9 can be degraded and recovered in ethanol completely. Through the investigation of the mechanisms for exchange reaction and the design of the closed‐loop recycling method, this work is expected to provide insight into the development of novel LPUs with high‐performance, light‐stimulated heal ability, and closed‐loop recyclability; which can be applied toward the expanded development of intelligent elastomers.
Thoracic to lumbar vertebral column length and length ratios in miniature dachshunds with and without thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion
Authors: Fletcher Charlotte D. A. , Ives Edward J. , Kajin Filip , Seath Ian , Grapes Nicholas J. , Lopes Bruno A. , Knebel Anna , Volk Holger A. , De Decker Steven 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe chondrodystrophic body type predisposes miniature dachshunds to thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE). However, the relationship between thoracolumbar IVDE and the relative lengths of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral columns has not yet been evaluated.MethodsThis prospective multicentre study included 151 miniature dachshunds with (n = 47) and without (n = 104) thoracolumbar IVDE. All dogs had their thoracic and lumbar vertebral columns measured with a tape measure. Detailed descriptions were provided to facilitate consistent measurement. A thoracic to lumbar vertebral column ratio was calculated. Thoracolumbar IVDE was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography.ResultsThe thoracic to lumbar vertebral column length ratio and absolute thoracic vertebral column length were significantly smaller in miniature dachshunds with IVDE than in those without IVDE (p < 0.0001 for both). There were no significant differences in lumbar vertebral column length, age, sex or neuter status between the two groups.LimitationsThe dogs without IVDE did not undergo a neurological examination and the thoracic and lumbar vertebral column measurements were not validated.ConclusionsThe relative lengths of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral column segments could contribute to the development of thoracolumbar IVDE in miniature dachshunds. Further studies are needed to evaluate ideal thoracic to lumbar vertebral column length ratios in miniature dachshunds.
The Set of p-Adic Continuous Functions not Satisfying the Luzin (N) Property
Authors: Fernández-Sánchez J. , Maghsoudi S. , Rodríguez-Vidanes D. L. , Seoane-Sepúlveda J. B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this short note, we will study the existence of a vector space of continuous functions $$f:{\mathbb {Z}}_p\rightarrow \mathbb Q_p$$

f
:

Z
p

→

Q
p

, where $${\mathbb {Z}}_p$$

Z
p

and $${\mathbb {Q}}_p$$

Q
p

are, respectively, the ring of p-adic integers and the field of p-adic numbers, such that each nonzero function does not satisfy the Luzin (N) property and the dimension of the vector space is the continuum.