bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and characterization of CSCRi006-A: An induced pluripotent stem cell line generated from a patient with Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA) carrying ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19) mutation.
Authors: Rani Sonam , Thamodaran Vasanth , Nandy Krittika , Aboobacker Fouzia Nambiathayil , Maddali Madhavi , Rajesh Praveena , Vijayanand S , David Ernest , Velayudhan Shaji Ramachandran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital hypoplastic anemia characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis. DBA is majorly caused by mutations in the ribosomal protein (RP) genes1. A suitable disease model that yields a continuous supply of erythroid cells is required to study disease pathogenesis and drug discovery. Towards this, we reprogrammed dermal fibroblasts from a DBA patient with a heterozygous mutation c.22-23delAG in the RPS19 gene identified through exome sequencing. To generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), we induced episomal expression of the reprogramming factors OTC3/4, L-MYC, LIN28, SOX2, and KLF4, and a p53 shRNA2. The DBA iPSC line CSCRi006-A generated during this study was extensively characterized for its pluripotency and genome stability. The clone retained normal karyotype and showed high expression levels of pluripotency markers, OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, TRA-I-60, TRA-I-81, and SSEA4. It could differentiate into cells originating from all three germ cell layers, as identified by immunostaining for SOX17 (endoderm), Brachyury (mesoderm), and PAX6 (ectoderm). IPSCs provide a renewable source of cells for in vitro disease modeling. CSCRi006-A, a thoroughly characterized iPSC line carrying heterozygous RPS19 c.22-23delAG mutation, is a valuable cell line for the disease modeling of DBA. This iPSC line can be differentiated into different blood cell types to study the mechanisms of disease development and identify potential treatments.
The Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Habiba Umm E , Khan Nasar , Greene David Lawrence , Shamim Sabiha , Umer Amna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) often causes chronic kidney damage despite best medical practices. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) arises from a complex interaction of factors within the kidney and the whole body. Targeting specific disease-causing agents using drugs has not been effective in treating DKD. However, stem cell therapies offer a promising alternative by addressing multiple disease pathways and promoting kidney regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer great promise due to their superior accessibility ratio from adult tissues and remarkable modes of action, such as the production of paracrine anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective substances. This review critically evaluates the development of MSC treatment for DKD as it moves closer to clinical application. Results from animal models suggest that systemic MSC infusion may positively impact DKD progression. However, few registered and completed clinical trials exist, and whether the treatments are effective in humans is still being determined. Significant knowledge gaps and research opportunities exist, including establishing the ideal source, dose, and timing of MSC delivery, better understanding of in vivo mechanisms, and developing quantitative indicators to obtain a more significant therapeutic response. This paper reviews recent literature on using MSCs in preclinical and clinical trials in DKD. Potent biomarkers related to DKD are also highlighted, which may help better understand MSCs’ action in this disease progression.
Complete plastid genome structure of thirteen Asian Justicia (Acanthaceae) species: comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses
Authors: Niu Zhengyang , Lin Zheli , Tong Yi , Chen Xin , Deng Yunfei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Justicia is the largest genus in Acanthaceae and widely distributed in Asia, Africa, Australia and South America. Previous phylogenetic studies have proposed a general phylogenetic framework for Justicia based on several molecular markers. However, their studies mainly focused on resolution of phylogenetic issues of Justicia in Africa, Australia and South America due to limited sampling from Asia. Additionally, although Justicia plants are of high medical and ornamental values, little research on its genetics was reported. Therefore, to improve the understanding of its genomic structure and relationships among Asian Justicia plants, we sequenced complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of twelve Asian plants and combined with the previously published cp genome of J. leptostachya for further comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses.Results All the cp genomes exhibit a typical quadripartite structure without genomic rearrangement and gene loss. Their sizes range from 148,374 to 151,739 bp, including a large single copy (LSC, 81,434–83,676 bp), a small single copy (SSC, 16,833–17,507 bp) and two inverted repeats (IR, 24,947–25,549 bp). GC contents range from 38.1–38.4%. All the plastomes contain 114 genes, containing 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs and 4 rRNAs. IR variation and repetitive sequences analyses both indicated that Justicia grossa is different from other Justicia species because its lengths of ndhF and ycf1 in IRs are shorter than others and it is richest in SSRs and dispersed repeats. The ycf1 gene was identified as the candidate DNA barcode for Justicia phylogeny. Our phylogenetic results showed that Justicia is a polyphyletic group, which is consistent with previous studies. Among them, J. grossa belongs to subtribe Tetramerinae of tribe Justicieae while the other Justicia members belong to subtribe Justiciinae. Therefore, based on morphological and molecular evidence, J. grossa should be undoubtedly recognized as a new genus. Interestingly, the evolutionary history of Justicia was discovered to be congruent with morphology evolution of inflorescence position from terminal to axillary and spikes gradually shorten into cymes.Conclusion Our study not only elucidates basic features of Justicia whole plastomes, but also first sheds light on interspecific relationships of Asian Justicia plants.
Amharic Handwritten &amp; Machine Printed Character Recognition Using Deep CNN with Random Search Hyperparameter Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Sinshaw Natnael Tilahun , Ejigu Biniam Ewnetu , Assefa Beakal Gizachew , Mohapatra Sudhir Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Amharic language is widely spoken in Ethiopia by over 31.8 million people as their mother tongue, and an additional 25 million as second-language speakers. It is also used to document a significant portion of Ethiopia’s historical and literary records. However, recognizing handwritten and machine-printed characters in Amharic has been a challenging issue. Several OCR technologies have been proposed to address this issue, but it remains unresolved. This study proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for Amharic character recognition. The model was developed using 104,177 Amharic character images and subjected to data preprocessing activities such as binarization and noise removal. The dataset was partitioned into training, validation, and test sets, with each partition containing 80%, 10%, and 10% of the data, respectively. The proposed model's hyperparameters were optimized using three algorithms: random search, Bayesian optimization, and hyperband optimization. Results showed that the random search algorithm produced the best performance, achieving 96.02% accuracy when tested with unseen data. The study concludes that increasing the dataset size and tuning the hyperparameters under different scopes could further improve the model's performance. In general, this study provides a promising approach to Amharic character recognition using deep learning techniques.
Linear regression analysis of COVID-19 time-series data using the Gumbel distribution
Authors: Furutani Hiroshi , Hiroyasu Tomoyuki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study uses the Gumbel distribution to model and analyze the daily number of COVID-19 deaths in 8 European and North American countries, as well as in the 7 NHS regions of England, during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak.Linear regression is used for parameter estimation and data fitting.The analysis focuses on the height and position of the peak as indicators of the effectiveness of the algorithm.The results of the proposed approach show that the Gumbel model reasonably reproduces the time-series data of COVID-19 deaths in many regions.The advantage of the proposed method is its simplicity and straightforwardness, which allow us to obtain preliminary results foran intuitive image of trends without the need for a sophisticated mathematical framework.
Noise and PVT Tolerant, High-Speed and Energy-Efficient Hybrid 4-2 Compressor in CNFET Technology
Authors: Maleknejad Mojtaba , Sharifi Fazel , Sharifi Hojjat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a novel high-speed and energy efficient 4 − 2 compressor cell is proposed using Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (CNFETs). The proposed compressor is realized efficiently based on NAND-NOR gates and multiplexers. To estimate the performance of the presented design, simulations are carried out using Synopsis HSPICE under different conditions. The results demonstrate the performance improvement of the proposed design compared to the best reference designs in terms of delay and energy consumption, by 20 and 26%, respectively. Also, the susceptibility of the proposed design against the process, voltage, temperature (PVT), and noise variations is examined. It is robust against PVT variations and high amplitude of noises compared with its counterpart. Also, it displays the most robustness, in terms of PVT variations compared with its counterpart. Furthermore, it has the best results in large structures, such as a multiplayer. Furthermore, embedding the proposed compressor in an 8× 8-bit binary multiplier demonstrates that it has better speed and PDP with regard to its counterparts.
Short-chain fatty acid, Butyrate prevents Morphine and Paclitaxel induced peripheral hypersensitivity
Authors: Jessup Dawn , Woods Kareem , Thakker Sach , Damaj M. Imad , Akbarali Hamid I. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Peripheral hypersensitivity is a significant side effect with the chronic administration of opioids as well as chemotherapeutics. Both opioid-induced hypersensitivity (OIH) and chemotherapy induced hypersensitivity (CIH) are characterized by an increased sensitivity to painful stimuli which can significantly reduce the quality of life for individuals on either drug(s). Here we demonstrate the peripheral hypersensitivity associated with chronic morphine (opioid) and paclitaxel (chemotherapeutic) treatment can be reversed by oral supplementation with the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) sodium butyrate. In two separate mouse behavioral models for peripheral hypersensitivity, we found that thermal hyperalgesia (for OIH) and cold allodynia (for CIH) were prevented by co-treatment with oral butyrate. Electrophysiological recordings of small diameter dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons from morphine and paclitaxel treated mice showed an increase in neuronal hyperexcitability in both drug models which was likewise prevented by oral butyrate treatment. Using colonic conditioned media obtained from excised colon segments we found that gut mediators of morphine treated mice can induce hyperexcitability in naïve DRG neurons, but such enhanced excitability is not present when animals are co-treated with butyrate suggesting gut derived mediators modulate neuronal hyperexcitability. In-vitro butyrate treatment did not prevent morphine induced excitability, suggesting an indirect role of sodium butyrate in modulating neuronal hypersensitivity. These data taken together suggest that gut derived mediators affect opioid and chemotherapeutic induced neuronal hypersensitivity that is prevented by the SCFA butyrate.
Real-World Study on the Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Insulin-Treated Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Leite Silmara A O , Silva Michael P , Lavalle Ana C R , Bertogy Maria C V , Bastos Murilo , Kuklik Suelen C V , Umpierrez Guillermo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Few studies have reported on the adherence and efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in improving diabetes management in insulin treated older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Prospective observational cohort study using FreeStyle Libre Flash CGM in insulin-treated adults > 65 years with T2DM and with HbA1c between 7% and 9%. Participants wore the CGM during a 6-weeks study period. Primary outcome was time in range (TIR) between 70–180 mg/dl. Secondary outcomes included time below range (TBR), glycemic variability (GV), as well as adherence and use of glucose data for self-insulin adjustment.Results A total of 66 participants completed the 6 weeks trial (age 72·8 ± 5·3 years; BMI 27·8 ± 3·6 kg/m2), HbA1c: 8·0 ± 0·6%, with an overall sensor utilization of 93·1 ± 6·0%. Compared to baseline, we observed TIR (67% vs 70%, p = 0.190, glucose variability (34·9 ± 7·2 vs 32·9 ± 6·8, p = < 0.001), and in a significant reduction in TBR (4% vs 2%, p = 0.008).Conclusion The use of FreeStyle Libre Flash CGM was well accepted by older adults with T2DM and allowed participants to make therapy decisions to improve TIR, reduce TBR and glycemic variability. This real-world study indicates that the use of CGM is safe and effective in improving glycemic control and should be offered to insulin treated older adults with T2DM.
Wine and grape fingerprinting based on chemical compounds and data analysis – insights from bibliometric analysis and text mining
Authors: Costa Nattane Luíza , Lima Márcio Dias 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper explores the growing field of wine and grape authenticity based on chemical compounds and data analysis. A total of 468 studies published in the last 45 years were collected from the Web of Science. The results indicate that the geographic origin of wines is a key theme, involving authenticity, terroir, and fingerprinting. Studies were conducted on wines from around the world, with Europe being the most studied continent, followed by Asia, North America, South America, Australia and Africa. Some countries such as China, Spain, Italy, France, Portugal, Romania, Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Australia have been identified as regions with high wine production volume and scientific studies. The most commonly used terms in this area include exploratory data analysis, PCA, cluster analysis, ICP-MS, pattern recognition, and LDA. On the other hand, newer terms such as feature selection, support vector machines, neural networks, machine learning, and data mining have attracted the attention of authors and emerged as trendy and important terms in publications. The applied methodology provides a broad perspective on wine and grape authenticity research and is a guide for future projects.
Genotype by environment interaction for nut yield and associated traits in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L)
Authors: Eradasappa E. , Mohana G. S. , Poduval M. , Sethi K. , Rani Aneesa , Lourdusamy I. K. , Velmurugan S. , Manjusha M. , Bhat M. G. , Raviprasad T. N. , Anilkumar C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Cashew is cultivated in varied agro-ecological regions of India and yield levels vary with regions. Therefore, to identify stable genotype for yield, 18 genotypes were tested in four environments for nut yield and related traits during 2008 to 2018 in randomized block design with two replications. The data of 6th annual harvest and cumulative nut yield of six years was analyzed employing AMMI and GGE methods. Analysis of variance for 6th annual harvest indicated significant differences (p < 0.01) for eight traits. Environments varied significantly (p < 0.01) for seven traits. G x E interactions were significant (p < 0.01) for all traits. Analysis of variance for cumulative yield revealed significant variations between genotypes, environments, G x E interactions. About 95% of variability was captured by IPCA 1 (84.39%) and IPCA 2 (10.27%) in the G× E interaction. Genotypes, environments and G x E interaction were accounted for 16.18%, 4.50% and 77.22% respectively of total variation. The environment Pilicode discriminated better while Vridhachalam was representative. BPP-8 and Vengulra-7 were the winning genotypes in Bhubaneswar while Kanaka and Priyanka in Pilicode, Vengurla-4 in Jhargram and UN-50 in Vridhachalam. As per ASV (AMMI stability value,) K-22-1 was stable genotype followed by Bhubaneswar-1. As per YSI (yield stability index), Bhubaneswar-1 was stable and high yielding followed by K-22-1 and BPP-8. The study concludes that genotypes Bhubaneswar-1, K-22-1, BPP-8 may be suggested for cultivation in west and east coast regions of India.
Neutron spin echo spectroscopy with a moving sample
Authors: Gvaramia Manuchar , Gutfreund Philipp , Falus Peter , Faraone Antonio , Nagao Michihiro , Wolff Max 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Neutron spin echo spectroscopy is a high resolution inelastic neutron scattering method probing nanosecond dynamics. It is well suited to study the atomistic motion in polymer systems and contributes to our understanding of viscoelasticity. However, for samples under shear, or moving samples in general, Doppler scattering has to be considered. We compare the measured phase shift and depolarisation due to Doppler scattering from a rotating graphite disk to simulations and analytical calculations and find excellent agreement. This allows to take into account Doppler scattering during the data processing and makes longer Fourier times as well as higher shear rates and Q ranges possible with neutron spin echo spectroscopy, enabling for example the study of polymers under high shear. Moreover, it allows to extract information on the velocity profile of a liquid under shear and thereby monitoring of macroscopic flow instabilities.
Azolla meal as an alternative protein source in the diet of Etroplus suratensis
Authors: Gaidhane Sumit , Ahilan B. , Chidambaram P. , Jayakumar N. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
An experiment of 60-days duration was conducted to evaluate the effect of plant protein source by replacing fish meal protein with Azolla meal protein on growth performance, feed utilisation, survival, enzymatic activity and cost-effective feed for Etroplus suratensis fingerling. The mean initial average weight of fish 5.48±0.015g was stocked in plastic troughs (60 L) at a stocking rate of 10 fishes per trough. Three diets were formulated by inclusion of AZM protein by replacing fish meal (FM) protein at 0 (control diet), 7.5, 15, and 22.5 level. Each diet was fed to three replicate group fish at the rate of 5% of the total fish biomass, daily for a period of 60 days. Etroplus suratensis fed with AZM 15% diet attained highest weight gain, specific growth rate, and average daily growth, protein efficiency ratio (p<0.05) and elevation in digestive enzyme activity. Fish fed with AZM 22.5% diet showed the best feed conversion ratio, Feed efficiency ratio, highest survival rate and cost-effective diet, there is no significant difference (p>0.05) observed. According to the finding of current study, Azolla meal can be candidate feed ingredient to replace fish meal without compromising growth performance.
Immune cell population dynamics following neonatal BCG vaccination and aerosol BCG revaccination in rhesus macaques
Authors: Sibley Laura , Sarfas Charlotte , Morrison Alexandra L , Williams Jessica J , Gkolfinos Konstantinos , Mabbutt Adam , Eckworth William , Lawrence Steve , Dennis Mike , White Andrew D , Sharpe Sally 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The BCG vaccine is given to millions of children globally but efficacy wanes over time and differences in the immune systems between infants and adults can influence vaccine efficacy. To this end, 34 rhesus macaques were vaccinated with BCG within seven days of birth and blood samples were collected over 88 weeks for quantification of blood cell populations. Overall, the composition of cell populations did not change significantly between BCG vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, and that BCG vaccination did not perturb normal development. In comparison to adult macaques, higher numbers of CD4+ T-cells, Tregs and NK cells were measured in the infant age group, suggesting a potential bias towards immunosuppressive and innate immune populations. Antigen-specific IFNγ secreting cell frequencies in infant BCG vaccinated animals were detectable in peripheral blood samples for 36 weeks after vaccination but declined following this. To evaluate the long-term impact of infant BCG vaccination on subsequent revaccination with BCG, a pilot study of three adult macaques received an aerosol BCG revaccination approximately three years after their initial BCG vaccination as infants. This induced an increase in PPD-specific IFNγ secreting cells, and increased secretion of the cytokines IFNγ and IL-1β, following stimulation with other microorganisms, which are signals associated with trained innate immunity. (206 words)
Fall Risk Assessment and Ranking using Survival Analysis
Authors: Lillelund Christian Marius , Harbo Michael , Pedersen Christian Fischer 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Falling is the second leading cause of unintentional injury-related deaths, but fall injuries in older adults are often underreported, reported too late or reported with a lack of detail due to the stigma that surrounds falling. This makes it hard to locate and target the right citizens with fall prevention programs. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to assess fall risk over time and thus identify who would benefit from such a program. Using survival analysis, we train machine learning models to rank citizens by their predicted risk of getting a personal alarm within six months based on home care observations. Data were gathered from July 2021 to December 2021 for 57 types of home care from a large municipality in Denmark. After preprocessing, a total of 5713 observations for 346 citizens with mean age 81 (std. 5 years) are available for model training. Results show that a plain Cox proportional hazards model obtain a mean concordance index of 0.76 (95\% CI: 0.7-0.82), Random Survival Forest obtain 0.84 (95\% CI: 0.76-0.92) and XGBoost obtain 0.94 (95\% CI: 0.88-1) over 25 randomized folds using cross-validation. Censoring rate is 94.5\% on average. Most predictive features are help with personal hygiene, administration of medicine, excretions, cleaning and dispensing of medicine according to a SHAP summary plot. We also identify correlations between care usage in minutes per week and risk using SHAP dependency plots, but the correlation is not always positive. With our method, professionals at municipalities in Denmark or elsewhere, where home care services are recorded, will have a noninvasive decision-support tool that can predict individual fall risk over time.