bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The late Holocene tsunami in the Shetland Islands (UK) identified in Loch Flugarth, north Mainland
Authors: Engel Max , Hess Katharina , Dawson Sue , Patel Tasnim , Koutsodendris Andreas , Vakhrameeva Polina , Klemt Eckehard , Kempf Philipp , Schön Isa , Heyvaert Vanessa M.A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

To assess the long-term hazard of tsunamis, particularly in regions with a short and fragmented historical record, sedimentary deposits of tsunamis are an essential tool. In the North Sea region, evidence of tsunamis is scarce. The Shetland Islands are an exception, as they contain abundant deposits of the Storegga tsunami (c. 8150 cal. a BP), and additionally more fragmented evidence of younger tsunami events c. 5500 and c. 1500 cal. a BP. Sediments of the youngest tsunami (the “Dury Voe” event) have only been found at two sites so far, marked by thin landward fining and landward thinning sand sheets which are vertically confined by peat.
Here, we present sedimentary evidence for the youngest Shetland tsunami from the small coastal lake of Loch Flugarth, northern Mainland. Three gravity cores of up to 91.7 cm length were taken behind the barrier separating the lake from a shallow marine embayment. The cores show organic-rich background deposition with many sub-cm-scale sand layers, reflecting recurring storm overwash and a sediment source limited to the active beach and uppermost subtidal zone. A basal 13 cm-thick sand layer, dated to 426–787 cal. a CE based on 14C, 137Cs and Bayesian age-depth modelling, was found in all three cores. High-resolution grain-size analysis identified four normally graded sublayers with inversely graded traction carpets in the lower part of two sublayers. An organic-rich ‘mud’ drape and ‘mud’ cap cover the upper two sublayers, which also contain small rip-up clasts. Grain-size distributions show a difference between the basal sand layer and the coarser and better sorted thin storm layers. Principal component analysis of X-ray fluorescence core scanning data also distinguishes both sand units: Zr, Fe and Ti dominate the basal sand, while the thin storm layers are high in K and Si. The enrichment of the basal sand layer in Zr and Ti, in combination with increased magnetic susceptibility, may be related to higher heavy mineral content in the basal sand reflecting the additional marine sediment source of a tsunami deposit below the storm-wave base. Based on reinterpretation of chronological data from the two published sites and the chronostratigraphy of the present study, the Dury Voe tsunami seems to be slightly younger, i.e., closer to 1400 cal. a BP. Although the source of the tsunami remains unclear, the lack of evidence for this event outside of the Shetlands suggests that it was smaller than the older Storegga tsunami, which affected most of the North Sea basin.
The Use of Peppermint Oil in Gastroenterology
Authors: Scarpellini Emidio , Broeders Bert , Schol Jolien , Santori Pierangelo , Addarii Mariachiara , Boccuto Luigi , Carbone Florencia , Abenavoli Ludovico , Tack Jan 
Published: March 2023

Background:
For decades, mint has been used worldwide for its relieving effects against gastrointestinal disturbances. Peppermint is a perennial herb common in Europe and North America. The active ingredient of peppermint oil is menthol and has various gastroenterological and non-gastroenterological uses, especially in the context of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs).

Methods:
We conducted a literature search on the main medical databases for original articles, reviews, meta-analyses randomized clinical trials, and case series using the following keywords and acronyms and their associations: peppermint oil, gastro-intestinal motility, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, gastrointestinal sensitivity, gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Results:
Peppermint oil and its constituents exert smooth muscle relaxant and anti-spasmodic effects on the lower esophageal sphincter, stomach, duodenum, and large bowel. Moreover, peppermint oil can modulate visceral and central nervous system sensitivity. Taken together, these effects suggest using peppermint oil both for improved endoscopic performance and for treating functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. Importantly, peppermint oil has an attractive safety profile compared to classical pharmacological treatments, especially in FGIDs.

Conclusions:
Peppermint oil is a safe herbal medicine therapy for application in gastroenterology, with promising scientific perspectives and rapidly expanding use in clinical practice.
Solvent-free Microwave-assisted Synthesis of 1-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-
4-yl)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) Propane-1,3-dione Using K2CO3 as Green Solid
Support
Authors: Dhokale Namdeo T. , Kale Satish B. , Nagre Sadashiv S. , Konda Shankaraiah G. , Dalvi Navanath R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract::
We herein present the synthesis of 1-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-(2-hydroxysubstituted
phenyl) propane-1,3-dione using microwave irradiation. Reactions were carried out by
employing a solvent-free path using K2CO3 as green solid support. The results were compared with
those of the conventional method. This microwave-assisted synthesis avoids hazardous solvents and
reduces the number of steps and time, providing increased yields. The synthesized products were
characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectrometry.
A Critical Analysis of the Modern Synthetic Procedures Used to Produce Benzimidazole Candidates
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Dangi Neha , Mittal Nitin , Kalra Naresh 
Published: March 2023

Background::Benzimidazole is a remarkable heterocyclic chemical compound in which the phenyl ring is fused with the imidazole ring at positions 4 and 5. Benzimidazole derivatives have lots of medicinal activity in the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives is challenging in this scientific field.Methods::In benzimidazole synthesis, simple nucleophilic substitution and condensation reactions involving carbonyl compounds and o-phenylenediamine have been used in previous times. Currently, green chemistry aspects such as solvent-free conditions, metal-free conditions, or using nanoparticle catalysts in various ways involving condensation, and cyclization are the methods of the new era.Results::Green chemistry methods are used widely in various chemical reactions, such as it was observed that the use of solvent-free conditions, metal-free conditions, or using nanoparticle catalysts molecules is a more efficient way to synthesize benzimidazole derivative.Conclusion::In this review, benzimidazole scaffold syntheses that have only recently been described in the literature through the end of 2021 are covered. Monosubstituted benzimidazoles (MSBs) and disubstituted-benzimidazoles (DSBs) are the primary targets of our research currently. Different ways have been found to make functionalized derivatives of benzimidazole, which are shown in this review as a powerful scaffold.
Preparation of Nanoparticle Doped Metal-organic Framework (MOF) and its Potential Use for Photodegradation of Antibiotics in Water: A Review
Authors: Adewuyi Adewale , Lau Woei Jye 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Semiconductors have gained recognition as efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of
antibiotics in water. However, their performance is limited due to poor absorption of light, recombination
of electron-hole pairs, and poor recovery from an aqueous solution. This study reviewed the inclusion
of semiconductor nanoparticles in a metal-organic framework (MOF), forming nanoparticle@
MOF composite to overcome these challenges. Three methods including ship-in-bottle, bottlearound-
ship, and one-step synthesis were identified for the synthesis of nanoparticle@MOF composite.
Among the synthesis methods, the one-step method remains promising with high prospects. Nanoparticle@
MOF composite has exhibited high efficiency in removing antibiotics in an aqueous system
utilizing visible light as a photo source for promoting the process. Despite the success achieved,
there is a need for large-scale studies and cost evaluation to understand better the feasibility and economic
implications of the nanoparticle@MOF composite technique as an affordable technique for the
purification of an antibiotic-contaminated water system.
Regional Differences in Medical Costs of Chronic Kidney Disease in the South Korean Population: Marginalized Two-Part Model
Authors: Park Minah , Yun Choa , Joo Jae Hong , Kang Soo Hyun , Jeong Sung Hoon , Nam Chung-Mo , Park Eun-Cheol , Han Yoondae , Jang Sung In 
Published: March 2023

Background
There are regional gaps in the access to medical services for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it is necessary to reduce those gaps, including the gaps involving medical costs.

Objective
This study aimed to analyze regional differences in the medical costs associated with CKD in the South Korean population.

Methods
This longitudinal cohort study included participants randomly sampled from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort of South Korea. To select those who were newly diagnosed with CKD, we excluded those who were diagnosed in 2002-2003 and 2018-2019. A total of 5903 patients with CKD were finally included. We used a marginalized two-part longitudinal model to assess total medical costs.

Results
Our cohort included 4775 (59.9%) men and 3191 (40.1%) women. Of these, 971 (12.2%) and 6995 (87.8%) lived in medically vulnerable and nonvulnerable regions, respectively. The postdiagnosis costs showed a significant difference between the regions (estimate: –0.0152, 95% confidence limit: –0.0171 to –0.0133). The difference in medical expenses between the vulnerable and nonvulnerable regions showed an increase each year after the diagnosis.

Conclusions
Patients with CKD living in medically vulnerable regions are likely to have higher postdiagnostic medical expenses compared to those living in regions that are not medically vulnerable. Efforts to improve early diagnosis of CKD are needed. Relevant policies should be drafted to decrease the medical costs of patients with CKD disease living in medically deprived areas.
A Visual Analytic Tool (VIADS) to Assist the Hypothesis Generation Process in Clinical Research: Mixed Methods Usability Study
Authors: Jing Xia , Patel Vimla L , Cimino James J , Shubrook Jay H , Zhou Yuchun , Draghi Brooke N , Ernst Mytchell A , Liu Chang , De Lacalle Sonsoles 
Published: March 2023

Background
Visualization can be a powerful tool to comprehend data sets, especially when they can be represented via hierarchical structures. Enhanced comprehension can facilitate the development of scientific hypotheses. However, the inclusion of excessive data can make visualizations overwhelming.

Objective
We developed a visual interactive analytic tool for filtering and summarizing large health data sets coded with hierarchical terminologies (VIADS). In this study, we evaluated the usability of VIADS for visualizing data sets of patient diagnoses and procedures coded in the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM).

Methods
We used mixed methods in the study. A group of 12 clinical researchers participated in the generation of data-driven hypotheses using the same data sets and time frame (a 1-hour training session and a 2-hour study session) utilizing VIADS via the think-aloud protocol. The audio and screen activities were recorded remotely. A modified version of the System Usability Scale (SUS) survey and a brief survey with open-ended questions were administered after the study to assess the usability of VIADS and verify their intense usage experience with VIADS.

Results
The range of SUS scores was 37.5 to 87.5. The mean SUS score for VIADS was 71.88 (out of a possible 100, SD 14.62), and the median SUS was 75. The participants unanimously agreed that VIADS offers new perspectives on data sets (12/12, 100%), while 75% (8/12) agreed that VIADS facilitates understanding, presentation, and interpretation of underlying data sets. The comments on the utility of VIADS were positive and aligned well with the design objectives of VIADS. The answers to the open-ended questions in the modified SUS provided specific suggestions regarding potential improvements for VIADS, and the identified problems with usability were used to update the tool.

Conclusions
This usability study demonstrates that VIADS is a usable tool for analyzing secondary data sets with good average usability, good SUS score, and favorable utility. Currently, VIADS accepts data sets with hierarchical codes and their corresponding frequencies. Consequently, only specific types of use cases are supported by the analytical results. Participants agreed, however, that VIADS provides new perspectives on data sets and is relatively easy to use. The VIADS functionalities most appreciated by participants were the ability to filter, summarize, compare, and visualize data.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/39414
Menurunkan kecemasan dengan Cognitive Behavior Therapy pada penderita Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Mawarizka Hanifa Timur , Fasikhah Siti Suminarti 
Published: March 2023

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is an anxiety disorder experienced after people see or live in a state of danger for more than one month. The assessment in this case used clinical interviews, observation, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Sacks Sentence Completion Test (SSCT), graphics and wartegg, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and WHODAS 2.0. The intervention provided is Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) which aims to change the subject's mindset to be more positive and adaptive behavior. The results of the intervention show that the percentage level of the subject's thoughts that she will die soon has been reduced to 30% and is aware that these thoughts are just mere shadows and do not necessarily occur to her, does not feel any physiological symptoms anymore since doing behavior activation in the second week, sleep quality begins to improve and have done new productive activities.
Keywords: PTSD, anxiety, cognitive behavior therapy

Abstrak
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) merupakan suatu gangguan yang muncul akibat individu mengalami suatu peristiwa yang memunculkan trauma yang berlangung lebih dari satu bulan. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini adalah untuk menurunkan PTSD. Metode asesmen yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data dengan wawancara, observasi, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Sacks Sentence Completion Test, tes grafis dan wartegg, Thematic Apperception Test dan WHODAS 2.0. Intervensi yang diberikan kepada subjek adalah Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Hasilnya setelah dilakukan intervensi menunjukkan adanya perubahan tingkat pemikiran negative subjek, bahwa dirinya akan segera meninggal berkurang menjadi 30% dan memahami bahwa pikiran tersebut hanyalah distorsi dan belum tentu terjadi pada dirinya; tidak merasakan adanya gejala fisiologis lagi sejak melakukan behavior activation; kualitas tidur membaik dan dapat melakukan aktifitas yang produktif.
Kata kunci: PTSD, kecemasan, cognitive behavior therapy
Aspectos emocionais na alimentação
Authors: Kaio Glauber Higa , Appolinário José Carlos Borges , Mauro Maria Francisca 
Published: March 2023

As emoções possuem uma forte influência na escolha dos alimentos consumidos. Muitas vezes escolhemos a comida sem nem mesmo perceber apenas para dar um conforto emocional momentâneo. Estes momentos podem ser gatilhos para diversos transtornos alimentares.
Os transtornos mais comuns são a bulimia, anorexia, obesidade, vigorexia. Homens também sofrem com transtornos alimentares? Em qual faixa etária é mais comum os transtornos se desenvolverem? Essas e outras perguntas serão respondidas no ABP TV.
Textual Instability around Gendered and Sexual Violence in Stephenie Meyer’sTwilightandMidnight Sun
Authors: Olive Sarah 
Published: March 2023

This article explores Stephenie Meyer’s Twilight alongside the partial, leaked PDF and authorized book of Midnight Sun using textual studies approaches to analyzing multiple versions of a text. These methods are coupled with feminist media effects theory to consider the significance of textual variants in Meyer’s representations of sexual and gendered violence in teenage romantic relationships. The international notoriety of Twilight has afforded her the opportunity to respond to commentary, critiques, and adulation from readers, fans, critics, and film adaptations, as well as to react to evolving feminist zeitgeists. Her multiple, publicly available rewritings of the same story could be viewed as one such response. These include Life and Death (2015), the Midnight Sun PDF (2008) and book (2020), in addition to spin-offs like The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner (2010). This analysis across retellings of the Twilight story considers variations in representations of what many critics have articulated as the male protagonist Edward’s abusive attitudes and behaviours toward the female protagonist Bella. It elucidates change and continuity in these representations and identifies a trajectory of increasingly misogynistic attitudes and behaviours expressed by Edward’s character. The article concludes that the availability of multiple versions of the story offers readers, fans, and educators an unusual opportunity to understand Edward as a literary construct and to engage further with representations of abuse in relationships.
Moral injury symptoms and related problems among service members and Veterans: A network analysis
Authors: Benfer Natasha , Vannini Maya Bina N. , Grunthal Breanna , Darnell Benjamin C. , Zerach Gadi , Levi-Belz Yossi , Litz Brett T. 
Published: March 2023

LAY SUMMARYBoth moral injury (MI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can result from adverse experiences (potentially morally injurious events [PMIEs] for the former and Criterion A events for the latter) and may lead to similar symptoms. Thus, debate is ongoing as to whether MI and PTSD are distinct. Depressive symptoms can also follow these events and may also overlap with symptoms of MI and PTSD. This study investigated how distinct MI is from PTSD and depression by examining networks composed of MI-related outcomes (trust violation, shame, functioning), PTSD symptom clusters, and depression for participants who reported experiencing a PMIE and those who did not. This study is the first of its kind to use MI outcomes with PTSD and depression in a network analysis. The results suggest that MI, PTSD, and depression are distinct but related phenomena, with more connections between these phenomena present particularly among those who experienced a PMIE. Moreover, the negative alterations in cognition and mood cluster of PTSD and MI-related functioning appears to explain some of the co-occurrence among constructs.
Management system and productivity of backyard poultry in Jhenidah district of Bangladesh: a survey
Authors: Rahima Farzana Fiza , Jalil Md Abdul , Hossain Md Reshad , Rahman Md Shaheenur 
Published: March 2023

This study was carried out to know the current scenarios of rearing backyard poultry in Jhenidah district of Bangladesh. A total of 2832 poultry birds (deshi chicken, sonali, duck and pigeon) were selected from 170 households. The data were collected according to prepared questionnaire. The study revealed that, most of the farmers reared their poultry in semi scavenging system (97.64%). The poultry houses were commonly made of tin and bamboo (88.82%) and some of farmers kept their poultry in houses which were at unsatisfactory level (11.2%). They used polythene, sack, ash, sand, straw, papers separately or together as bedding materials (78.82%) and 21.18% of farmers did not use any bedding materials. They usually cleaned poultry house irregularly (73.53%). The rice (84.71%) as feed supplement followed by boiled rice, paddy, broken rice, wheat and commercial as well, was commonly given twice (62.9%) in a day. The farmers did not usually use feeder and waterer (44.12%) and use only 8.82% of vaccine. The supplementary feed to each deshi chicken, sonali, duck and pigeon per day were 32.77 g, 38.70 g, 82.04 g and 12.40 g gaining average body weight of 1.19 kg, 1.36 kg, 1.22 kg and 315.35 g respectively. The average egg production per deshi chicken, sonali, duck and pigeon per year were 37.27, 47.30, 84.66, and 19.90 containing average weight 35.01 g, 41.20 g, 52.68 g and 11.10 g successively. Furthermore, the mean hatchability was found 77.50% in deshi chicken, 79.25% in sonali, 78.95% in duck and 97.45% in pigeon along with 28.79% significant (P<0.05) mortality in deshi chicken, 30.35% in sonali, 14.50% in duck and 11.40% in pigeon consecutively. The prevalence of diseases were investigated as Newcastle disease, fowl cholera, duck cholera, duck plague and pigeon pox. Diseases (54.1%) are the most current constraints followed by lack of knowledge, predators for poultry rearing in backyard system. This study will support farmers by enhancing their income through improved management practice in backyard poultry.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2023, 9 (1), 1-8
Stressed systems: Stroke unit bed occupancy and impact on reperfusion therapy in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Blauenfeldt Rolf A. , Damgaard Dorte , Simonsen Claus Z. 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesWe observed a decrease in the number of patients who were offered reperfusion therapy. We aimed to investigate if whether hospital system pressure measured as the percentage of stroke bed occupancy influenced decisions on treatment and disposition.DesignData from a regional quality of stroke care database were obtained and linked to the organizational data monitoring of the hourly inpatient stroke bed occupancy rate. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship.ResultsA total of 15,025 admissions were included from 1 January 2019 to 24 August 2022. Of these, 5,659 (38%) had an acute ischemic stroke. The rates of reperfusion therapy treatment were the highest in 2019 (36.2%) and 2020 (34.1%) and declined afterward (30.0% in 2021). In the logistic regression analysis, an occupancy rate of ≥85% in the hour of the first admission was associated with reduced odds of admission at the stroke unit within 3 h from the symptom onset [adjusted odds ratio: 0.80, 95% confidence interval: (0.71–0.90), p &lt; 0.001] and a reduced odds of receiving reperfusion therapy (adjusted odds ratio: 0.83 (0.73–0.95), p = 0.007).ConclusionAn increased bed occupancy level in the hour of the first hospital admission for stroke patients was strongly associated with decreased odds of receiving reperfusion therapy.