bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and Tolerance of Multi-Corrective Topical Treatment for Infraorbital Dark Circles and Puffiness
Authors: Rajabi-Estarabadi Ali , Hartman Corey L. , Iglesia Sofia , Kononov Tatiana , Zahr Alisar S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Treatment of infraorbital dark circles and under-eye puffiness is challenging due to its multifactorial nature and lack of broadly applicable, effective treatments. A daily skincare treatment option that is multi-modal, effective, and tolerable across a broad patient population is an unmet need. A multi-corrective topical eye cream (MTEC) formulated with Tetrahexyldecyl (THD) ascorbate (vitamin C), prebiotic Inula Helenium, bioavailable peptides, botanical extracts, chrysin, and caffeine, is hypothesized to improve the appearance of infraorbital dark circles and under-eye puffiness by targeting micro-vasculature congestion and permeability, melanin accumulation and hemoglobin degradation related pigmentation, and skin health.
An IRB approved, open-label, 12-week clinical study set out to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the MTEC across a broad patient population including varying ethnicities and Fitzpatrick Skin Types (FST). Female subjects (n = 40) ages 35 to 60 years old, with moderate to severe under-eye dark circles, moderate under-eye puffiness, and mild-to-moderate fine lines were enrolled into the study. Objective (Chromameter, VISIA® imaging, and Laser Doppler) and subjective assessments (clinical grading and self-assessment questionnaire) were conducted at baseline and post-baseline timepoints.
The MTEC efficaciously demonstrated short-term and long-term improvements in objective and subjective assessments across a broad patient population. Specifically, the MTEC demonstrated significant improvement of infraorbital dark circles, mainly by the reduction of micro-vasculature congestion and permeability, melanin and hemoglobin degradation related pigmentation. Topical application of the MTEC may offer an effective and tolerable treatment option for infraorbital dark circles and puffiness.
Bone turnover and mineralisation kinetics control trabecular BMDD and apparent bone density - insights from a discrete statistical bone remodelling model
Authors: Castoldi Natalia M. , Pickering Edmund , Sansalone Vittorio , Cooper David , Pivonka Peter 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The mechanical quality of trabecular bone is influenced by its mineral content and spatial distribution, which is controlled by bone remodelling and mineralisation. Mineralisation kinetics occur in two phases: a fast primary mineralisation and a secondary mineralisation that can last from several months to years. Variations in bone turnover and mineralisation kinetics can be observed in the bone mineral density distribution (BMDD). Here, we propose a statistical spatio-temporal bone remodelling model to study the effects of bone turnover (associated with the activation frequency Ac.f ) and mineralisation kinetics (associated with secondary mineralisation Tsec) on BMDD. In this model, individual basic multicellular units (BMUs) are activated discretely on trabecular surfaces that undergo typical bone remodelling periods. Our results highlight that trabecular BMDD is strongly regulated by Ac.f and Tsec in a coupled way. Ca wt% increases with lower Ac.f and short Tsec. For example, a Ac.f = 4 BMU/year/mm3 and Tsec = 8 years result in a mean Ca wt% of 25, which is in accordance with Ca wt% values reported in quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI) experiments. However, for lower Ac.f and shorter Tsec (from 0.5 to 4 years) one obtains a high Ca wt% and a very narrow skew BMDD to the right. This close link between Ac.f and Tsec highlights the importance of considering both characteristics to draw meaningful conclusions about bone quality. Overall, this model represents a new approach to modelling healthy and diseased bone and can aid in developing deeper insights into disease states like osteoporosis.
Causal relationship between hip or knee arthritis and the risk of depression: a Mendelian randomisation analysis
Authors: Yang Yong-Ze , Cheng Qing-Hao , Zhang An-Ren , Yang Xin , Zhanga Zhuang-Zhuang , Hua Fan , Zhang Fu-Kang , Ma Guo-Rong , Li Peng-Fei , Guo Hong-Zhang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Observational studies have reported associations between OA and the occurrence of depression/depressive symptoms, but the causal relationship between OA and depression/depressive symptoms remains unclear. Our aim was to assess the causal effect of OA on depression, depressive symptoms using two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR).
METHODS: Two-sample MR was used to investigate the causal effect of OA on depression and depressive symptoms. All data were obtained from a public shared database. Traditional methods are Simple mode, Inverse variance weighted, Weighted median, Mendelian Randomization (MR-Egger), Weighted mode to assess the causal effect of OA on depression. The Pleiotrophy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR PRESSO) and MR - Egger were used for sensitivity studies. Outlier test was used to determine the effect of outliers. Heterogeneity was calculated using Cochrane's Q statistic and inverse variance-weighted (IVW) in MR - Egger regression, with P < 0.05 indicating the presence of large heterogeneity.
RESULTS: Based on the results of IVW and Weighted median, we found a causal relationship between OA and depression,depressive symptoms, and OA increased the (IVW: OR = 1.04, P=0.004) and depressive symptom (IVW: OR = 1.10, P= 0.001) Incidence. There was no horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity in the analyses, except for heterogeneity in the analyses of OA and depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSION: We explored the causal relationship between OA and depression and depressive symptoms by two-sample MR analysis and found that OA increased the incidence of depression and depressive symptoms.
Effects of instrumental configuration, sample preparation, and pretreatment on the IR spectra of silicalite-1
Authors: Wang Zilin , Hu Lishuang , Liu Yang , Hu Shuangqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Infrared spectroscopy (IR) is an important tool to investigate the structure of silicalite-1, but the reported spectra vary considerably depending on the instrumental configuration, sample preparation methods, and pretreatment conditions. This inconsistence makes the investigation of the structure-property correlations difficult. Herein, we investigate the effects of different optical modes (attenuated total reflectance, transmission, diffuse reflectance), different detectors (Mercury Cadmium Telluride and Deuterated Triglycine Sulfate, MCT and DTGS), different sample preparation methods (powder, silicalite-1/KBr wafer, pure silicalite-1 wafer), and different pretreatment temperatures (RT–400°C) on the spectral shapes of the skeletal and hydroxyl region IR spectra of silicalite-1. Then the appropriate measurement conditions to obtain reproducible and intrinsic spectra were determined. For the skeletal region IR spectra of silicalite-1, the suitable conditions are the transmission mode with a DTGS detector and 1:500 silicalite-1/KBr wafers. For the hydroxyl region IR spectra, an in-situ transmission cell with pure sample wafers and pretreatment at 400°C are appropriate. Under these suitable measurement conditions, spectral changes can reflect the changes in the silicalite-1 structure to facilitate the elucidation of the structure-property correlations of silicalite-1 by IR spectroscopy.
Construction of a gaze correction model for an on-screen agent: eye-turn, head-turn, and body-turn perspectives on a flat screen
Authors: Taniguchi Dai , Ogawa Kohei , Ishiguro Hiroshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

An on-screen agent displayed on a flat screen encounters the problem of the gazing target not being correctly recognized by humans in real space. This is because the image displayed on the screen does not change when the movement of the observer changes the relative angle. Therefore, gaze correction that considers the characteristics of the screen is necessary to correctly present the gaze of the on-screen agent. Despite numerous studies, there exists no formulation of the perception of gaze of an on-screen agent on a flat screen. In this study, we attempted to construct a gaze correction model that derives the appropriate eye-/head-/body-turn angle for three gazing methods based on a gazing target and a confronted human: gazing by eye-turn, gazing by head-turn, and gazing by body-turn. We hypothesized that the gaze correction model of an on-screen agent would be expressed by the sum of the linear terms of the eye- and screen-turn angle for gazing by eye-turn, and by the addition of the interaction term of the head-/body-turn and screen-turn angles for gazing by head-/body-turn. We assessed the efficacy of the gaze correction model. By performing hierarchical multiple regression analysis on the experimental data, we have shown that our hypothesis regarding the gaze correction model is correct and identifies the model's regression coefficients. Consequently, we were able to construct a gaze correction model for an on-screen agent gazing by eye-turn, head-turn, and body-turn, and contributed technology for communication with gaze between an on-screen agent and humans.
Grazing Intensity and Socioeconomic Activities in Wadi Allaqi Biosphere Reserve, South Egypt
Authors: Shaltout Kamal Hussein , Al-Sodany Yassin Mohamed , Salem Ashraf H. , Sheded Mohamed G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Natural resources, human and socioeconomic activities data were collected directly from human beings at the downstream and upstream parts of Wadi Allaqi. A survey of Bedouin living in this wadi was undertaken using an open-ended questionnaire to gain information about the best general critical factors that controlling the natural recourses of economic activities and their type, only for men bediouns, furthermore, grazing intensity was estimated. Domestic and wild animals can graze and browse on 58.8% of the total recorded species in Wadi Allaqi. As well as the highly palatable species, some camels can graze over 20 plant species that are usually avoided by other animals. About 38% species in the study area have low palatability, 16.5% species are unpalatable and 13.4% are known to be browsed by camels with some exception (Crotalaria aegyptiaca which is poisonous to goats and sheep). Sheep and camel herding, charcoal production, small-scale cultivation, and medicinal plant collections developed a system by Bedouin near Nasser Lake. Out of 93.3% of Bedouin reported that Lake Nasser fluctuation affected their production. Some 13.3% of Ababda and 26.8% Bishari Bedouins agree that the second key which effect their life is the rainfall incidence. Key wards: Wadi Allaqi, grazing intensity, sustainable uses, Socioeconomic activities, palatability
Fetal sex as moderating factor for the relationship between maternal childhood trauma and salivary kynurenic acid and tryptophan in pregnancy: A pilot study
Authors: Pedraz-Petrozzi Bruno , Lamade Eva Kathrin , Marszalek-Grabska Marta , Trzpil Alicja , Lindner Ole , Meininger Pascal , Fornal Emilia , Turski Waldemar A. , Gilles Maria , Deuschle Michael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Traumatic experiences and fetal development influence tryptophan (TRP) and its neuroactive byproduct, kynurenic acid (KYNA). Maternal TRP metabolite levels during pregnancy vary by fetal sex, with higher concentrations in mothers carrying male fetuses. This pilot study aimed to explore the relationship between offspring sex, maternal childhood trauma, and maternal salivary KYNA and TRP levels during pregnancy. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to determine KYNA and TRP levels in maternal saliva samples collected from 35 late pregnant participants. Maternal childhood trauma was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, including subscales for emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. Among mothers pregnant with boys, salivary KYNA significantly correlated with physical and emotional neglect and salivary TRP with emotional neglect. No significant correlations were found in mothers who delivered female offspring. Significant associations of childhood trauma and offspring sex were found for salivary KYNA but not TRP concentrations. Mothers with higher trauma levels who delivered boys exhibited elevated salivary KYNA levels compared to those with lower trauma levels. Moreover, mothers with higher trauma levels who delivered boys had higher salivary KYNA levels than those with higher trauma levels who delivered girls. This pilot study provides evidence of an association between maternal childhood trauma and TRP metabolism, measured in saliva, especially in mothers pregnant with boys. However, further confirmation is required through longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes.
Removal of water pollutants using plant-based nanoscale zero-valent iron: A review
Authors: Kheskwani Urvashi , Ahammed M. Mansoor 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Nanotechnology has been increasingly explored for the treatment of various waste streams. Among different nanoparticles, nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has been extensively investigated due to its high reactivity and strong reducing power. However, conventional methods for the synthesis of nZVI particles have several limitations and led to the green synthesis of nZVI using plant-based materials. Plant extracts contain various reducing agents that can be used for nZVI synthesis, eliminating the need for toxic chemicals, and reducing energy consumption. Additionally, each plant species used for nZVI synthesis results in unique physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles. This review paper provides an overview of plant-based nZVI particle synthesis, its characteristics, and its application for the removal of different classes of pollutants such as dyes, heavy metals, nutrients, and trace organic pollutants from water. The review shows that continued research on plant-based nZVI particles to fully understand its potential in wastewater treatment, especially for the removal of a wider variety of pollutants, and for improving sustainability and reducing the cost and environmental impact of the process, is necessary.
Assessing the equivalence of WRRF regulations using dynamic model simulations
Authors: Maere Thomas , Boisvert Christophe , Mendoza Grubert Daniel Andres , Vanrolleghem Peter A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A wide diversity of regulatory practices for wastewater resource recovery plants exists throughout the world. This contribution aims to highlight the implications of choosing particular permitting structures and investigate the equivalence of effluent standards in terms of limit values and compliance assessment specifications. These factors heavily affect the true performance that a treatment plant has to attain and thus the required plant capacity and operation. The dynamic simulations executed in this work, based on a realistic case study and three selected permits from China, The Netherlands and the USA, show the impact of certain compliance specifications like sampling frequency, averaging and tolerable permit exceedances leading to differences in the required design capacity of more than 250% for the same wastewater to be treated. The results also reveal clear differences between permits in their capacity to handle excess variability. The latter is important to avoid overdesign, i.e., when further investment in treatment capacity would result only in marginal effluent quality gains, as well as to create a safe space for testing innovative technologies or ways of operation that might otherwise trigger compliance issues.
5-methylthiopentyl Isothiocyanate, a Sulforaphane Analogue, Inhibits
Pro-inflammatory Cytokines by Regulating LPS/ATP-mediated NLRP3
Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Choi Su-Bin , Kim Ji-Hye , Kwon Sehee , Ahn Na-Hyun , Lee Joo-Hee , Yang Woong-Suk , Kim Cheorl-Ho , Yang Seung-Hoon 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted from activated macrophages and
astrocytes are crucial mediators of inflammation for host defense. Among them, the secretion of
IL-1β, a major pro-inflammatory cytokine, is especially mediated by the activation of NLRP3
inflammasome. Pro-IL-1β, which is produced in response to the invaded pathogens, such as LPS,
is cleaved and matured in the NLRP3 inflammasome by the recognition of ATP. Excessively activated
IL-1β induces other immune cells, resulting in the up-regulation of inflammation. Therefore,
regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome can be a good strategy for alleviating inflammation.

Objective:
Our study aimed to examine whether 5-methylthiopentyl isothiocyanate, a sulforaphane
analogue (berteroin), has an anti-inflammatory effect on the NLRP3 inflammasome activation
induced by LPS and ATP.

Methods:
Primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and astrocytes were stimulated
by LPS and ATP with the treatment of 5-methylthiopentyl isothiocyanate, a sulforaphane analogue.
The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines was measured by ELISA, and the expression
level of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated proteins was detected by western blot. The association
of NLRP3 inflammasome was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation, and the formation of ASC
specks was evaluated by fluorescent microscope.

Results:
5-methylthiopentyl isothiocyanate, a sulforaphane analogue (berteroin), decreased the
release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the BMDMs. Berteroin notably prevented
the formation of both NLRP3 inflammasome and ASC specks, which reduced the secretion of
IL-1β. Additionally, berteroin reduced the IL-1β secretion and cleaved IL-1β expression in the
primary astrocytes.

Discussion and Conclusion:
These results indicated the anti-inflammatory effects of 5-
methylthiopentyl isothiocyanate (berteroin) by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation, suggesting
that berteroin could be the potential natural drug candidate for the regulation of inflammation.
Mechanism of IRF5-regulated CXCL13/CXCR5 Signaling Axis in
CCI-induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats
Authors: Cao Jiawei , Hu Chungu , Ding Zhuofeng , Chen Juan , Liu Songhua , Li Qiongcan 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Neuropathic pain is chronic and affects the patient’s life.
Studies have shown that IRF5 and CXCL13/CXCR5 are involved in neuropathic pain;
however, their interactions are unknown.

Objective:
In this study, a rat neuropathic pain model was constructed by inducing
chronic compression injury (CCI). IRF5 recombinant lentiviral vector and CXCL13
neutralizing antibody were administered to investigate their action mechanisms in
neuropathic pain. Consequently, the new strategies for disease treatment could be
evolved.

Methods:
The CCI rats were intrathecally injected with recombinant lentivirus plasmid
LV-IRF5 (overexpression), LV-SH-IRF5 (silencing), and CXCL13 neutralizing antibody.
Mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were
measured. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 levels
were recorded via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The spinal cord
was stained using hematoxylin–eosin (HE). The binding of IRF5 to CXCL13 was
analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual luciferase reporter assay.
The IRF5, neuronal nuclei (NeuN), CXCL13, and CXCR5 expressions were detected
through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.

Results:
The MWT and TWL values in the CCI group were lower than in the Sham
group. The expressions of CXCL13, CXCR5, and IRF5 in CCI rats were gradually
increased with the modeling time. IRF5 silencing suppressed the expression of NeuN
and lumbar enlargement in CCI rats and promoted MWT and TWL. Moreover, IRF5
silencing inhibited the expressions of CXCR5 and CXCL13 genes and down-regulated
the expression levels of inflammatory factors. IRF5 was directly and specifically bound
with the endogenous CXCL13 promoter and thus regulated it. IRF5 overexpression
exacerbated the disease phenotype of CCI-induced neuropathic pain in rats.
Administration of CXCL13 neutralizing antibodies reversed the IRF5 overexpression
effects.

Conclusion:
The IRF5 silencing alleviated neuropathic pain in CCI rats by
downregulating the pain threshold, inflammatory cytokine levels, and CXCL13/CXCR5
signaling. IRF5 overexpression exacerbated the disease parameters of CCI-induced
neuropathic pain in rats; however, they were reversed by neutralizing antibodies against
CXCL13.
Safety of Ultrasound Exposure: Awareness of Ultrasound Bioeffects among
Saudi Sonographers
Authors: Gareeballah Awadia , Alhujaili Nasab , Aljaldi Thuraya , Alsaedi Shaima’a , Alahmadi Fai , Gameraddin Moawia , Alsharif Walaa , Elzaki Maisa , Alsultan Kamal , Alzain Amel F. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Ultrasound tends to produce biological effects on body tissues. Therefore, the application of ultrasound safety rules is needed in all ultrasound
examinations to avoid bioeffects that may occur because of a high thermal index (TI) and mechanical index (MI). This study aimed to explore the
Saudi sonographers' awareness of ultrasound safety and bioeffects.

Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, and the data was collected using an online survey google forms questionnaire disseminated
through social media (Telegram, WhatsApp, and Twitter) as an electronic link. A total of 70 participants responded to the survey directly, and then,
the data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science).

Results:
Regarding the awareness of TI and MI, 64.3% of the participants were aware of TI and 65.7% of MI as safety ultrasound indices; moreover, 74.3%
of the participants were aware of the ALARA principle “As Low as Reasonably Achievable.” Participants' knowledge concerning more heat
production in pulsed Doppler ultrasound modes was poor (31.5%). Most of the sonographers, i.e, 77.1% were aware of the relationship between
the risk of cavitation and MI, and 58.6% of the participants were acquainted with the current FDA output limits. In comparison, 58.6% of the
participants were aware of the bioeffects of ultrasound contrast agents. There was no significant correlation between the educational level and the
degree of awareness of ultrasound bioeffects and safety (P-value> 0.05).

Conclusion:
In this study, it was found that sonographers were aware of the theoretical principles of ultrasound safety indices and the ALARA principle,
although they had poor knowledge of ultrasound bioeffects in Doppler mode.