bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation, characterization and magnetic properties of Sm0.95Ho0.05FeO3 nanoparticles and their application in the purification of water
Authors: Arman M. M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSm0.95Ho0.05FeO3 was successfully prepared in a single phase using the citrate combustion method. The investigated sample was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). XRD confirmed that the sample was synthesized in an orthorhombic phase with an average crystallite size of 12 nm. HRTEM indicated that the sample was prepared in the nanoscale with an average particle size of 18 nm. XPS was used to identify the chemical bonds, binding energies and core levels of Sm0.95Ho0.05FeO3. The magnetic properties were studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer and DC magnetic susceptibility using Faraday’s method. The sample has an antiferromagnetic behavior with weak ferromagnetic components. The presence of magnetic Ho3+ ions in the SmFeO3 sample causes the magnetic exchange interaction between the 2p orbital of Fe3+ and the 4d sub-shell of Ho3+ ions. The dependence of pH value on the removal efficiency of Pb2+ from water was studied. The maximum Pb2+ removal efficiency of the Ho-doped SmFeO3 nano perovskite is 26% at pH = 5 and 99% at pH = 8. The Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherms were studied to understand the adsorption mechanism. The Temkin adsorption isotherm best fitted with the experimental data.
Nozzle geometry effects on supersonic wind tunnel studies of shock–boundary-layer interactions
Authors: Sabnis Kshitij , Galbraith Daniel S. , Babinsky Holger , Benek John A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany supersonic wind tunnel experiments investigate shock–boundary-layer interactions by measuring the response of tunnel wall boundary layers to an incident shock wave. To generate the supersonic flow, these facilities typically use two-dimensional contoured converging–diverging nozzles which can be arranged in two different ways. One configuration is symmetric about the centre height, whereas this symmetry plane defines the tunnel floor in the other asymmetric arrangement. In order to determine whether these nozzle configurations, which are widely thought to be equivalent, can influence experiments on shock–boundary-layer interactions, two different nozzle geometries are compared with one another in a single facility with rectangular cross section. For each setup, a full-span 8-degree wedge introduces an oblique shock to a Mach 2.5 flow. The two setups exhibit quite dissimilar behaviour, both in the corner regions and on the tunnel’s centre span, with a difference in central separation length of as much as 35% suggesting that nozzle geometry can have a profound impact on these interactions. The observed behaviour is caused by known secondary flows in the sidewall boundary layers which are driven by vertical pressure gradients in the nozzle region. The subsequent impact on the response of the floor boundary layer is consistent with expectations based on local flow momentum affecting corner separation size and on the displacement effect of this corner separation influencing the wider flow.
Graphical abstract
Delayed occurrence of traumatic aortic dissection? Biomechanical considerations and literature
Authors: Muggenthaler H. , Bismann D. , Eckardt N. , Gassler N. , Hubig M. , Subramaniam J. Shanmugam , Mall G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic aortic dissections and pseudoaneurysms caused by chest trauma are rare and generally have to be critically distinguished from non-traumatic dissections and aneurysms. We present a well-documented case of a post-traumatic aortic dissection that ruptured about 9 months after chest trauma. A motorcyclist sustained fractures of the forearm and chest trauma with paravertebral rib serial fractures and hemopneumothorax. Nine months after the accident, echocardiography revealed a pseudoaneurysm that ruptured 3 months later and 1 month prior to the planned surgery. An autopsy showed pericardial tamponade following a rupture of the dissected aorta. Accident scene documentation was consistent with a head-on collision of the motorcycle against the left front side of the car. The relative speed was about 55 km/h. Aggravation of unspecific symptoms after discharge, initial CT imaging, and the absence of atherosclerosis or medial necrosis hold for a post-traumatic genesis of the dissection in our case. Initially, the accident insurance company rejected the regulation. In the second instance, they revised rejection based on our interdisciplinary expert opinion.
Identification and validation of a novel four-gene diagnostic model for neonatal early-onset sepsis with bacterial infection
Authors: Bai Yong , Zhao Na , Zhang Zhenhua , Jia Yangjie , Zhang Genhao , Dong Geng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS) has unfortunately been the third leading cause of neonatal death worldwide. The current study is aimed at discovering reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of neonatal EOS through transcriptomic analysis of publicly available datasets. Whole blood mRNA expression profiling of neonatal EOS patients in the GSE25504 dataset was downloaded and analyzed. The binomial LASSO model was constructed to select genes that most accurately predicted neonatal EOS. Then, ROC curves were generated to assess the performance of the predictive features in differentiating between neonatal EOS and normal infants. Finally, the miRNA-mRNA network was established to explore the potential biological mechanisms of genes within the model. Four genes (CST7, CD3G, CD247, and ANKRD22) were identified that most accurately predicted neonatal EOS and were subsequently used to construct a diagnostic model. ROC analysis revealed that this diagnostic model performed well in differentiating between neonatal EOS and normal infants in both the GSE25504 dataset and our clinical cohort. Finally, the miRNA-mRNA network consisting of the four genes and potential target miRNAs was constructed. Through bioinformatics analysis, a diagnostic four-gene model that can accurately distinguish neonatal EOS in newborns with bacterial infection was constructed, which can be used as an auxiliary test for diagnosing neonatal EOS with bacterial infection in the future.Conclusion: In the current study, we analyzed gene expression profiles of neonatal EOS patients from public databases to develop a genetic model for predicting sepsis, which could provide insight into early molecular changes and biological mechanisms of neonatal EOS.

What is Known:• Infants with suspected EOS usually receive empiric antibiotic therapy directly after birth.• When blood cultures are negative after 48 to 72 hours, empirical antibiotic treatment is often halted. Needless to say, this is not a short time. Additionally, because of the concern for inadequate clinical sepsis production and the limited sensitivity of blood cultures, the duration of antibiotic therapy for the kid is typically extended.

What is New:• We established a 4-gene diagnostic model of neonatal EOS with bacterial infection by bioinformatics analysis method. The model has better diagnostic performance compared with conventional inflammatory indicators such as CRP, Hb, NEU%, and PCT.
Combinational expression of tumor testis antigens NY-ESO-1, MAGE-A3, and MAGE-A4 predicts response to immunotherapy in mucosal melanoma patients
Authors: Freiberger Sandra N. , Holzmann David , Morand Grégoire B. , Hüllner Martin , Levesque Mitchell P. , Dummer Reinhard , Koelzer Viktor H. , Rupp Niels J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has revolutionized cancer treatment in recent years, particularly in melanoma. While response to immunotherapy is associated with high tumor mutational burden (TMB), PD-L1 expression, and microsatellite instability in several cancers, tumors lacking these biomarkers can still respond to this treatment. Especially, mucosal melanoma, commonly exhibiting low TMB compared to cutaneous melanoma, may respond to immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate novel biomarkers in mucosal melanoma that predict response to combined ipilimumab and nivolumab.

Methods

We investigated 10 tumor samples from 10 patients (three responders, seven non-responders) before treatment and six tumor samples from five patients after progression using a targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) gene expression panel. The findings were corroborated with an independent method (i.e., immunohistochemical staining) on the same 10 tumor samples before treatment and, to increase the cohort, in addition on three tumor samples before treatment of more recent patients (one responder, two non-responders).

Results

With the targeted gene expression panel, we found the three tumor testis antigens CTAG1B (NY-ESO-1), MAGE-A3, and MAGE-A4 to be predominantly expressed in responding tumors. This marker panel was either not or not completely expressed in non-responders (p < 0.01). Using immunohistochemistry for all three markers, we could confirm the elevated expression in tumors responding to the ipilimumab/nivolumab combination therapy.

Conclusion
In conclusion, these three biomarkers await validation in a larger patient cohort and could be easily used in future routine diagnostics to predict the outcome of ipilimumab/nivolumab combination therapy in mucosal melanoma patients.
The effects of myofascial induction therapy in survivors of head and neck cancer: a randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ortiz-Comino Lucía , Martín-Martín Lydia , Galiano-Castillo Noelia , Castro-Martín Eduardo , Fernández-Gualda Miguel Ángel , Lozano-Lozano Mario , Fernández-Lao Carolina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose
We aim to evaluate the effects of myofascial induction therapy (MIT) on the sequelae suffered by the survivors of HNC (sHNC).

Methods
We enrolled 46 sHNC in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), of whom 20 received a MIT protocol and 23 were placed on a waitlist while receiving the recommended treatment for 6 weeks. The MIT protocol included a total of 18 sessions, 3 days a week on alternate days for 6 weeks. Maximal mouth opening, the presence of temporomandibular dysfunction, cervical endurance, active range of motion (AROM), shoulder AROM, handgrip strength, and perceived physical fitness were assessed.

Results
Maximal mouth opening, temporomandibular dysfunction, cervical endurance, and AROM, affected shoulder abduction and unaffected shoulder flexion and external rotation significantly improved (p < .05) after an MIT protocol, but only cervical AROM and affected shoulder abduction changes were clinically meaningful. No statistically significant changes were observed in the other shoulder AROM, handgrip strength, or physical fitness perception (p > .05).

Conclusion
A 6-week MIT protocol improves mouth opening, TMD, cervical function (endurance and AROM), affected shoulder abduction and unaffected shoulder flexion, and external rotation AROM in the sHNC. However, no changes were observed in most of the shoulder AROM, muscular strength, or perceived physical fitness. Future studies should perform longer follow-up designs, increase the sample size, and include multimodal treatments to address these sequelae in the sHNC.
Characterization and genomic analysis of JC01, a novel bacteriophage infecting Cronobacter sakazakii
Authors: Jiang Jie , Lan Guanda , Li Jinghua , Yu Jun , Huang Honglan , Sun Yanbo , Xu Cuiting , Liu Dandan , Gong Yunwei , Zhao Chunyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe lytic bacteriophage JC01 was isolated using a strain of Cronobacter sakazakii previously isolated from powdered infant formula (PIF). The complete genome sequence of phage JC01 was determined. The double-stranded DNA genome of phage JC01 is composed of 61,736 bp with a G + C content of 58.9%, and it contains 76 putative open reading frames (ORFs) without any tRNA genes. The predicted ORFs were classified into functional groups, including DNA manipulation, transcription, phage packaging, phage structure, host lysis, and hypothetical proteins. Based on overall nucleotide sequence comparisons, calculation of phage intergenomic similarities, and phylogenetic analysis, JC01 appears to be a novel bacteriophage infecting C. sakazakii.
Maturation strategy influences expression levels and cofactor occupancy in Fe–S proteins
Authors: Jansing Melissa , Mielenbrink Steffen , Rosenbach Hannah , Metzger Sabine , Span Ingrid 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIron–sulfur clusters are ubiquitous cofactors required for fundamental biological processes. Structural and spectroscopic analysis of Fe–S proteins is often limited by low cluster occupancy in recombinantly produced proteins. In this work, we report a systematic comparison of different maturation strategies for three well-established [4Fe–4S] proteins. Aconitase B, HMBPP reductase (IspH), and quinolinate synthase (NadA) were used as model proteins as they have previously been characterized. The protein production strategies include expression of the gene of interest in BL21(DE3) cells, maturation of the apo protein using chemical or semi-enzymatic reconstitution, co-expression with two different plasmids containing the iron–sulfur cluster (isc) or sulfur formation (suf) operon, a cell strain lacking IscR, the transcriptional regulator of the ISC machinery, and an engineered “SufFeScient” derivative of BL21(DE3). Our results show that co-expression of a Fe–S biogenesis pathway influences the protein yield and the cluster content of the proteins. The presence of the Fe–S cluster is contributing to correct folding and structural stability of the proteins. In vivo maturation reduces the formation of Fe–S aggregates, which occur frequently when performing chemical reconstitution. Furthermore, we show that the in vivo strategies can be extended to the radical SAM protein ThnB, which was previously only maturated by chemical reconstitution. Our results shed light on the differences of in vitro and in vivo Fe–S cluster maturation and points out the pitfalls of chemical reconstitution.
Graphical abstract
Mental health in clinically referred children and young people before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Sayal Kapil , Partlett Christopher , Bhardwaj Anupam , Dubicka Bernadka , Marshall Tamsin , Gledhill Julia , Ewart Colleen , James Marilyn , Lang Alexandra , Sprange Kirsty , Montgomery Alan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic and mitigation approaches, including lockdowns and school closures, are thought to have negatively impacted children and young people’s (CYP) mental health. However, the impact for clinically referred CYP is less clear. We investigated differences in the mental health of CYP referred to specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) before and since the onset of the pandemic. Using baseline data (self- and parent- completed Mood and Feelings Questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) from an ongoing RCT (STADIA; ISRCTN: 15748675) in England involving 5–17-year-olds with emotional difficulties recently referred to CAMHS (non-urgent referrals), with repeated cross-sectional comparisons of CYP (n = 1028) recruited during 5 different time periods: (1) Before schools were closed (Group 1 (pre-pandemic); n = 308; 27.08.2019–20.03.2020). (2) Early pandemic period until schools fully re-opened, which included the first national lockdown, its easing and the summer holidays (Group 2 (in-pandemic); n = 183; 21.03.2020–31.08.2020). (3) The following school-term—schools fully re-opened and remained open, including during the second national lockdown (Group 3 (in-pandemic); n = 204; 01.09.2020–18.12.2020). (4) Schools closed as part of the third national lockdown (Group 4 (in-pandemic); n = 101; 05.01.2021–07.03.2021). (5) Schools re-opened and remained open, until the school summer holidays (Group 5 (in-pandemic); n = 232; 08.03.2021–16.07.2021). Most CYP scored above cutoff for emotional problems and depression, with three-quarters meeting criteria for a probable disorder (‘caseness’). The groups did not differ on parent-rated mental health measures. However, self-rated emotional problems, depression, functional impairment and caseness appeared to be higher amongst participants recruited in the two periods following school re-openings. In particular, functional impairment and caseness were greater in Group 5 compared with Group 2. Although symptom severity or impairment did not change in the initial pandemic period, self-reported difficulties were greater during the periods after schools re-opened. This suggests possible greater stresses in the adjustment to re-starting school following recurrent lockdowns and school closures.
Clever pest control? The role of cognition in biological pest regulation
Authors: Ghosh Deyatima , John Elizabeth A. , Wilkinson Anna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCrop pest management is a global challenge. Increases in agricultural intensity due to anthropogenic demands, alongside the need to reduce the reliance on pesticides to minimize environmental harm, have resulted in an urgent need to improve and expand other methods of pest control. One increasingly utilized method is biological pest control, in which natural pest predators are used to regulating crop pests. Current approaches to biological pest regulation assess the importance of a pest controller by examining its ability to maintain pest populations over an extended period. However, this approach lacks efficiency, specificity, and efficacy because it does not take into account crucial factors which determine how predators find, evaluate and remember food sources—the cognitive processes underlying their behavior. This review will investigate the cognitive factors involved in biological pest control and examine how these factors may be manipulated to impact pest behavior and pest controller performance.
Dynamic history-dependent tax and environmental compliance monitoring of risk-averse firms
Authors: Goldberg Noam , Meilijson Isaac , Perlman Yael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFirms may misreport income or fail to comply with environmental regulations. This study contributes to the growing literature that analyzes dynamic history-dependent compliance monitoring, under which penalties or monitoring frequency are selected on the basis of recent compliance history. The current study develops methods for evaluating and comparing explicit solutions under given monitoring costs and income distributions, using a commonplace utility-penalty scenario under which firms never comply fully with regulations if statically monitored (regardless of their income distribution), but find it to their benefit, if dynamically monitored, to comply fully when their income is sufficiently high. In most examples tried, dynamic monitoring is superior even when constrained to monitor all firms at rates below the optimal static rate. The model is applied to actual IRS 2010 tax-report monitoring and compliance data partitioned by income bracket. This allows, in particular, to deduce degrees of risk aversion.
Election cycles and corruption perception in Africa
Authors: Iddrisu Abdul Ganiyu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper empirically examines whether Africa’s low corruption agenda can be achieved amid election cycles. We employ country-level data from 36 African countries covering the period 1998–2020. Using fixed effects, random effects and dynamic panel data regressions, our results suggest that in election years, increment in government expenditure is associated with higher corruption perception while increment in real GDP growth lowers corruption perception than in non-election years. On regional differences, the effect of election cycles on corruption perception was found to be greater in southern part of Africa than the rest of the sub-regions. These findings may have important implications for policy.
Exchangeable min-id sequences: Characterization, exponent measures and non-decreasing id-processes
Authors: Brück Florian , Mai Jan-Frederik , Scherer Matthias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe establish a one-to-one correspondence between (i) exchangeable sequences of random variables whose finite-dimensional distributions are minimum (or maximum) infinitely divisible and (ii) non-negative, non-decreasing, infinitely divisible stochastic processes. The exponent measure of an exchangeable minimum infinitely divisible sequence is shown to be the sum of a very simple “drift measure” and a mixture of product probability measures, which uniquely corresponds to the Lévy measure of a non-negative and non-decreasing infinitely divisible process. The latter is shown to be supported on non-negative and non-decreasing functions. In probabilistic terms, the aforementioned infinitely divisible process is equal to the conditional cumulative hazard process associated with the exchangeable sequence of random variables with minimum (or maximum) infinitely divisible marginals. Our results provide an analytic umbrella which embeds the de Finetti subfamilies of many interesting classes of multivariate distributions, such as exogenous shock models, exponential and geometric laws with lack-of-memory property, min-stable multivariate exponential and extreme-value distributions, as well as reciprocal Archimedean copulas with completely monotone generator and Archimedean copulas with log-completely monotone generator.
Causal modelling of heavy-tailed variables and confounders with application to river flow
Authors: Pasche Olivier C. , Chavez-Demoulin Valérie , Davison Anthony C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConfounding variables are a recurrent challenge for causal discovery and inference. In many situations, complex causal mechanisms only manifest themselves in extreme events, or take simpler forms in the extremes. Stimulated by data on extreme river flows and precipitation, we introduce a new causal discovery methodology for heavy-tailed variables that allows the effect of a known potential confounder to be almost entirely removed when the variables have comparable tails, and also decreases it sufficiently to enable correct causal inference when the confounder has a heavier tail. We also introduce a new parametric estimator for the existing causal tail coefficient and a permutation test. Simulations show that the methods work well and the ideas are applied to the motivating dataset.
A Longitudinal Examination of Young People’s Gambling Behaviours and Participation in Team Sports
Authors: Duggan Brendan , Mohan Gretta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper develops and expands upon social identity theory as an explanation for gambling among youth engaged in team sport. Analysing longitudinal data for over 4500 20-year-olds from the Growing Up in Ireland study, reveals that online gambling increased from 2.6 to 9.3% between 17 and 20 years in the cohort, with the increase driven by males. A statistically significant positive association is uncovered between playing team sports and regularly gambling, as well as online gambling behaviour, independent of socio-demographic and other risk factors for males but not for females. The findings provide support for a dose–response like effect for males, where a longer period of participation in team sports is associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in gambling behaviour compared to shorter periods. Implications of the findings for policy and practice are discussed.