bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and optical coherence tomography of concomitant macular hole and rhgematogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Yang Chi-Lan , Tsui Mei-Chi , Yang Chung-May , Fu Yu-Teng , Hwang Jiunn-Feng , Lai Tso-Ting , Ho Tzyy-Chang , Yang Chang-Ho , Hsieh Yi-Ting , Chen San-Ni 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To study the clinical characteristics of macula off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with peripheral causative breaks and concomitant macular hole (MHRD).
Methods: This is a Bi-center study. Consecutive eyes of macula off RRD with or without macular hole (MH) were collected. Eyes in these 2 groups were compared with best corrected visual acuity in logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMar BCVA), presence of choroidal detachment (CD), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and the extent of RRD. In the group of MHRD, regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of clinical factors and final logMar BCVA. In addition, optical coherence tomography was performed both pre-and post- operatively if possible.
Results: There were 40 eyes in the MHRD group and 80 eyes in the control group. Eyes with MHRD had worse initial and final logMar BCVA (p<0.001), higher incidence of CD (p<0.001), PVR and extensive RRD at baseline (p<0.001). Among the eyes with MHRD, final BCVA was correlated with initial BCVA(p<0.001 , CI: 0.637 to 0.837), recurrent RRD (p=0.004, CI: -0.661 to -0.126), duration of RRD ( p=0.021, CI: -0.576 to -0.048) and presence of PVR (p=0.001, CI: -0.131 to -0.035). The hole closure rate at final follow up is 87.5%.11 of the 17 eyes had preoperative OCT obtained had ellipsoid zone lining the bottom of MH.
Conclusion: CD, PVR and extensive RRD were more commonly observed in MHRD. The morphology of MH suggests the pathogenesis of MH in MHRD include mechanism different from that of idiopathic MH.
The Hukou system-induced rural built-up land outpaces urban expansion in threatening biodiversity in China
Authors: Zhang Liqiang , Geng Hao , Qu Ying , Peng Shushi , Feng Xiao , Liu Yansui , Guo Renzhong , Zhao Wenzhi , Zeng An , Huang Ke , Li Yang , Yu Qiwei , Li Roujing , Yao Xin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Over the past three decades, China has experienced the largest volumes of urban growth worldwide accompanied by a continued increase in rural built-up areas mainly due to the Hukou system (mainland China’s household registration system, separating urban and rural residents) [1][2], with an average annual increase of 3.23% in urban and 2.73% in rural built-up areas. Since China is much rich in biodiversity and has numerous species under threat, both urban and rural built-up land expansion may exacerbate the threats. Risks to biodiversity caused by urban-rural expansion, are crucial for human development and environmental sustainability, but less well explored. Here we investigate what extent urban and rural built-up land expansion contributed to habitat losses of endangered species. We estimate that from 1990 to 2020, urban and rural built-up land expansion induced 2% and 5% of habitat losses on average for each endangered species, and threatened 70% and 82% of endangered species, respectively. Rural built-up land expansion induced more losses of habitats with higher endangered species richness compared with urban expansion. The high-threat habitat areas caused by rural built-up land expansion were 2.5 times as large as those of urban expansion, and about 82% of endangered species were mainly threatened by rural built-up land expansion. Most of them were concentrated in central and south China, one of 25 biodiversity hot spots worldwide. Abolishment of the Hukou system accompanied by more policy arrangements for sustainable development can mitigate urban-rural inequalities. In this scenario, an average of about 647 km2/year would be released from fulfilling the need of built-up area, thus remaining as habitat for biodiversity. Our findings help to provide important insights for biodiversity preservation in the countries with urbanization or rural built-up land expansion, and inform local policy makers in their assessment of prioritization of future ecological sustainability.
The influence of sagittal profile on the S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screw trajectory in degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients: A computed tomography (CT) study
Authors: Jiang Jun , Song Yu-chen , Wang Han , Qiu Yong , Wang Bin , Yu Yang , Zhu Ze-zhang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The usage of S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screw for spino-pelvic fixation had been gaining increasing popularity in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) patients owing to its considerable advantages. However, the recommended ideal angles for S2AI screw insertion varied in the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the optimal S2AI screw trajectory was influenced by sagittal profile in DLS patients.
Methods
Computed tomography (CT) scans of pelvis were performed in 47 DLS patients for 3-dimensional reconstruction of S2AI screw trajectory. Five S2AI screw trajectory parameters were measured in CT reconstruction images, including: 1) angle in the transverse plane (Tsv angle); 2) angle in the sagittal plane (Sag angle); 3) maximal screw length; 4) screw width; and 5) skin distance. The lumbar Cobb angle, lumbar apical vertebral translation (AVT); global kyphosis (GK); thoracic kyphosis (TK); lumbar lordosis (LL); sagittal vertical axis (SVA); sacral slope (SS); pelvic tilt (PT); and pelvic incidence (PI) were measured in standing X-ray films of the whole spine and pelvis.
Results
Both Tsv angle and Sag angle had significant positive associations with SS (P < 0.05) but negative associations with both PT (P < 0.05) and LL(P < 0.05) in all cases. Patients with SS less than 15°had both smaller Tsv angle and Sag angle than those with SS equal to or more than 15°(P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The decreased LL would lead to the backward rotation of the pelvis, resulting in a more cephalic and less divergent trajectory of S2AI screw in DLS patients.
Impact of using single-file reciprocating system on the quality of root canal treatment treated by undergraduate students
Authors: Ameen Marwa , Alhadi Dunia , Almaslamani Manal , Saleh Abdul Rahman 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of using a single-file reciprocating system on the technical quality of root canal filling and treatment radiographically for cases treated by undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional clinical study for endodontically treated teeth by 4th-year undergraduate students during the academic year 2021–2022. Root canal preparation was performed using the WaveOne Gold system with a matching single-cone gutta percha. The collected data included gender, tooth position, number of canals, and timing of treatment (the first or second semester). The quality of the root canal filling was assessed based on root canal filling length, density, and taper. The presence of ledge, apical transportation, perforation, and separated instrument were recorded. Results: The total number of teeth included in the study was 601. The length of the root canal filling was adequate in 93.51% of the teeth, underfilled in 2.82%, and overfilled in 3.66%. The density and taper were adequate in 96.5% and 98.16% of the teeth, respectively. There was no significant difference among the parameters of length, taper, density, and all procedural errors in relation to the arch type. However, there was a significant difference between anterior and premolar teeth in regards to taper, density, and overall quality of root canal filling. The overall quality of root canal treatment was acceptable in 527 teeth (87.68%), with no significant difference between the teeth (P = 0.256). Conclusion: The quality of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate students has improved with the use of a single-file reciprocating system for preparation.
Electrochemical Detection of Oxytetracycline employing Sugarcane Carbon modified Graphite Electrode
Authors: Jiang Ya-Xuan , Rani Aishwarya , Nguyen Nhat-Thien , Nguyen Thi-Minh-Phuong , Chang Chang Tang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is an antibiotic and belongs to contaminants of emerging concern seriously impacting human health, which makes necessary to develop a simple, fast, sensitive, and low-cost detection technology to detect OTC in the environment, and electrochemical sensors have these advantages. This study used CeO2-Co3O4 quantum dots@porous carbon/multi-walled carbon nanotube (CeO2-Co3O4 QDs@PC/MWCNT/GE) composites to modify graphite electrodes to fabricate high-sensitivity electrochemical sensors. The quantum dots were made from waste sugarcane-bagasse. In order to evaluate its performance, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectroscopy, cyclic & differential pulse voltammograms, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and other instrumental analysis were performed. The results showed that the CeO2-Co3O4 QDs@PC/MWCNT/GE had excellent performance for OTC detection, and its linear calibration range was 1.007 × 10-8 M to 2.04 × 10-7 M (i.e., 0.005 – 0.1 ppm) and 1.007 × 10-6 M to 1.209 × 10-4 M (i.e., 0.5 – 60 ppm). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 1.23 nM (0.61 ppb) and 4.09 nM (2.03 ppb) (S/N = 3), respectively. This method provides a new way to prepare electrochemical sensors for OTC detection.
Construction of Iron Metabolism-related Prognostic Features of Gastric Cancer Based on RNA Sequencing and TCGA Database
Authors: Liu Xihong , Ren Junyu , Zhou Ruize , Wen Zhengqi , Wen Zhengwei , Chen Zihao , He Shanshan , Zhang Hongbin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Researches have manifested that the disorder of iron metabolism is participated in Gastric cancer (GC), but whether iron metabolism-relevant genes (IMRGs) is related to the survival outcome of GC and the molecular mechanism remain unknown.
Methods:Eleven tumor as well as nine adjacent normal tissues from GC patients were performed mRNA sequencing. Additionally, the mRNA data, clinicopathological data and DNA methylation data related to GC were acquired from publically digital database. Then, the relevant differentially expressed IMRGs (DE-IMRGs) were selected. Cox analyses were applied to select the signature DE-IMRGs and build a IMRGs signature. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) as well as survival curves were produced to appraise the prognostic signature. Furthermore, a nomogram was established. The infiltration profiling of immune cell of cases was estimated via single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) algorithm. Meanwhile, the relationship between signature genes (DOHH, P4HA3 and MMP1) and 24 immune cells were investigated. Finally, the abundance of the signature genes were measured via the real-time fluorescence quantitation experiment.
Results:58 DE-IMRGs were obtained, and a IMRGs signature according to the expression and corresponding coefficient of DOHH, P4HA3 and MMP1 was constructed. The curves of survival manifested that the prognostic outcome of patients in the high-risk group was terrible. The values of area under the ROC curves (AUCs) confirmed that the IMRGs signature presented good efficiency for predicting GC prognosis. Moreover, a nomogram with the treatment type and risk-score was established and performed well. Furthermore, 11 immune cells were distinguishing in the high- and low-risk groups, and P4HA3, MMP1, and DOHH were associated with these immune cells. Finally, qRT-PCR revealed that the abundance of DOHH, P4HA3 and MMP1 were high in tumor cases.
Conclusion: In conclusion, an iron metabolism-related signature was constructed and has significant values for foretelling the OS of GC.
Coastal Aquifers as Major Players in Shaping Ocean Chemistry through Solute Fluxes
Authors: Kiro Yael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Understanding the ocean's chemical composition is essential for comprehending the carbon cycle and its impact on climate. The direct relation between the ocean's chemical composition and calcium carbonate saturation governs the potential for carbon preservation in sediments.1 While rivers and hydrothermal circulation have been recognized for their influence,2 the significance of coastal aquifers has been largely overlooked. Here we show, through an investigation of coastal aquifer groundwater flow mechanisms and chemical composition, that the long-term component of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the primary contributor to major element fluxes in the ocean. It predominantly adds calcium alkalinity on behalf of sodium and potassium. Our analysis of ocean elements and isotopes budgets reveals that the fluxes associated with long-term SGD are comparable in magnitude to those of rivers. These fluxes have substantial implications for major element residence time, ultimately impacting the carbon budget and climate. Moreover, these fluxes are closely tied to changes in sea level,3 whereby decreasing sea levels amplify solute fluxes, and increasing sea levels diminish them. Consequently, these fluxes hold the potential to modulate long-term cooling and warming rates on a timescale exceeding 1000 years.
Uridylation regulates mRNA decay directionality in fission yeast.
Authors: Malecki Michal , Grochowski Maciej , Lipińska-Zubrycka Lidia , Brzyżek Grzegorz , Jurkovic Borna , Swieżewski Szymon , Townsend StJohn , Ralser Markus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Cytoplasmic mRNA decay is effected by exonucleolytic degradation in in either the 5' to 3' or 3' to 5' direction. Pervasive terminal uridylation is implicated in mRNA degradation, however, despite its conservation throughout eucaryotes, its functional relevance for bulk mRNA turnover remains poorly understood. In this study, we employed genome-wide 3'-RACE technique to elucidate the role of uridylation in governing mRNA decay directionality. The observed widespread uridylation of shortened poly(A) tails promotes efficient 5' to 3' mRNA decay, ensuring timely and controlled mRNA degradation. Conversely, the inhibition of this uridylation process disrupts the delicate balance, leading to excessive deadenylation and enhanced 3' to 5' mRNA decay accompanied by oligouridylation of de-adenylated mRNAs. Strikingly we found that in fission yeast uridylation of poly(A) tails and oligouridylation of non-polyadenylated substrates are catalysed by different terminal uridyltransferases. Our study sheds new light on the intricate regulatory mechanisms underlying bulk mRNA turnover, emphasizing the role of uridylation in modulating mRNA decay pathways.
The effect of health literacy, depression, and pill burden on medication nonadherence in patients with kidney disease including kidney failure requiring dialysis
Authors: Murali Karumathil M , Mullan Judy , Roodenrys Steven , Hassan Hicham I Cheikh , Lonergan Maureen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aim To identify independent contributors to medication nonadherence in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure (KF) patients on dialysis.Background Medication nonadherence is common in chronic diseases, including CKD and KF patients. Identification of independent contributors may enable the development of targeted strategies to improve adherence.Methods Cross-sectional design. We assessed self-reported medication adherence (using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale), demographic factors, comorbidities, pill burden, cognitive function (using Modified mini-mental scale, Trail-making test A & B and Stroop task), health literacy (HL) (using a multi-dimensional instrument, Health Literacy Questionnaire), and depression (using Beck depression inventory 2) in a cohort of CKD and KF patients. Multivariable logistic regression (LR) models with covariates chosen from univariate analyses used to identify independent predictors of treatment nonadherence.Results Compared to CKD (N = 113) patients, KF patients on dialysis (N = 107) were significantly younger (65.3 ± 12.1 vs 68.0 ± 11.0years), had higher vascular disease burden, heavier pill burden (mean 21.8 vs 9.7 pills daily) and lower self-reported adherence. In multivariate LR analysis, nonadherence was significantly associated with younger age (OR 0.65 for older age, p = 0.002), KF status (OR 1.82, p = 0.044), lower HL relevant to patient-health care provider engagement (HLQ6) (OR 2.33, p = 0.023) and depression (OR 2.52, p = 0.008). When pill burden was included in the multivariate model, the significance of association between KF status and nonadherence became marginal (OR1.88, p = 0.084), while age, HLQ6 and depression retained significant independent association.Conclusion Medication nonadherence is significantly worse in KF patients. Strategies to improve nonadherence should target younger patients, implement strategies to enhance patient-provider engagement and address depression.
Plants used by humans have characteristics that exacerbate invasions worldwide
Authors: Guo Wen-Yong , Guo Kun , Pyšek Petr , Kleunen Mark van , Kinlock Nicole , Lučanová Magdalena , Leitch Ilia , Pierce Simon , Dawson Wayne , Essl Franz , Kreft Holger , Lenzner Bernd , Pergl Jan , Weigelt Patrick 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Human assistance and species’ characteristics are among the key drivers of plant invasions, which profoundly threaten ecosystem integrity, biodiversity and human well-being. However, previous studies have typically focused on one or a few factors or a particular invasion stage (e.g., naturalization) at regional scales. Here, we employed a multilevel framework to investigate the interplay between species’ characteristics (genome size, Grime’s adaptive strategies and native range size) and economic use and how these factors collectively affect plant invasion success. While our findings highlight the substantial contribution of human assistance in driving plant invasions, we also uncover the pivotal role of species’ adaptive strategies within the hierarchical network, and the influence of a specific factor that varied significantly across different invasion stages. We further revealed that the effects of genome size on plant invasions were partially mediated by other variables we tested e.g., plants with large genomes are competitors with small native range sizes but many economic uses, which all affect invasion success. Our study provides a synthesis of the multi-factor and multi-stage process of plant invasions and a deep understanding of the key drivers of plant invasions worldwide.
Comparison of disease burden and major risk factors of early and late-onset neonatal sepsis in China and the USA, 1990-2019
Authors: Zhang Chengyue , Yu Lianfang , Pan Xiaoming , Lu Yuwei , Pan Kaiyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Neonatal sepsis has high morbidity and mortality, and there are differences between developing and developed countries in terms of its risk factors and disease burden. However, no systematic comparative analysis of this disease burden has been reported in recent years.
Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 as a data source, we assessed the prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of early and late-onset neonatal sepsis in China and the United States of America (USA). We also analyzed DALYs rates due to short gestation and low birthweight, and summary exposure value (SEV) for these two risk factors. Joinpoint regression models were applied to analyze the temporal trends in associated epidemiological indicators of neonatal sepsis.
Results: From 1990 to 2019, the incidence and prevalence of neonatal sepsis in China showed a significant upwards trend compared with the largely stable trend in the USA. DALYs due to short gestation and low birthweight for neonatal sepsis in both genders showed a decreasing trend in both countries, while years lived with disability (YLDs) in China showed a fluctuating increasing trend.
Conclusions: DALYs attributed to short gestation and low birth-weight for neonatal sepsis in both countries showed a decreasing trend, while the YLDs and SEVs of these two risks are on the rise in China. Therefore, Chinese public health policy needs to be geared towards controlling these risk factors, learning from the advanced health policy planning and perinatal management experiences of developed countries, and improving neonatal follow-up and rehabilitation interventions.
Proactive Behavior Change Techniques (ProBCTs) in Physical Activity and Healthy Eating
Authors: Schüler Julia , Bieleke Maik 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Extensive research has aimed to develop effective interventions for physical inactivity and unhealthy diets, but progress in behavior change techniques (BCTs) has been limited. This study introduces proactive behavior change techniques (ProBCTs) as a novel approach to the problem. By examining techniques people use naturally, without external intervention, the study explores associations, potential causes, and success in behavior change.
Methods
We translated Abraham & Michie's (2008) 26-BCT taxonomy into a ProBCT questionnaire and administered it to 504 participants via a web survey. Participants reported self-imposed goals in physical activity (PA) and healthy nutrition (NUT), along with their importance, difficulty, and progress. Physical activity and healthy eating questionnaires served as indicators of successful behavior change.
Results
Using Bayesian statistics, we found variations in the usage intensity of ProBCTs. Similarities and differences emerged between PA and NUT domains. For example, "time management" was commonly used in both, while "information seeking" was more prevalent in NUT. For some ProBCTs, weak evidence emerged for gender differences and age effects. ProBCTs formed clusters similar to BCTs, supported by Bayesian psychometric network analyses. Tests for potential preconditions and consequences of ProBCTs revealed moderate-to-strong support for positive relations with goal importance, and strong support for positive relationships of ProBCTs with behavior change. Moreover, PA was best predicted by a combination of the ProBCTs "time management" plus "detailed plans," whereas for NUT, a complex pattern of six ProBCTs was the best-fitting predictive model.
Discussion
We discuss the potential of ProBCTs for promoting physical activity and healthy eating add what is still needed to make them work efficiently.
Conclusions
The ProBCT approach can contribute to the scalability of health behaviour change strategies.