bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health, stress, and urbanism in the Hellenistic–Roman metropolis of Nea Paphos, Cyprus: A comparative analysis
Authors: Ioannou Grigoria , Lorentz Kirsi O. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe explore health and stress in the urban metropolis Nea Paphos (Cyprus) and its surrounding territory during the Hellenistic (312–58 BC) and Roman (58 BC to 395 AD) periods, through a bioarchaeological study. Data were acquired from macroscopic analyses of human remains from two necropoleis in Paphos district: the Eastern Necropolis of Nea Paphos (minimum number of individuals = 165) and the necropolis of Ktima‐Upper City (minimum number of individuals = 207). Data have been acquired from adult/nonadult and male/female individuals through analysis of specific health indicators. These are porotic hyperostosis (PH), cribra orbitalia (CO), and linear enamel hypoplasia. Overall, health indicators were recorded in low to moderate frequencies in both sites. Ktima‐Upper City showed higher frequency of linear enamel hypoplasia (31.8%) compared with Nea Paphos (9.4%), while PH and CO were more prevalent within Eastern Necropolis (CO: 31.3% vs 8% and PH: 29.2% vs 13.9%) suggesting that people living in the capital were more exposed to factors causing CO and PH, during childhood. Intrasite analysis showed differences between the two sexes and the occurrence of health stressors. These factors are likely linked with social, cultural, and dietary differences, subsequently reflecting a larger and more heterogeneous population within and between the two sites. The findings suggest that there are differences between urban Nea Paphos and Ktima‐Upper City. These differences are not major yet indicating some division between the two groups. This study is one of the first to investigate urbanism and health in ancient Cyprus, with focus on the Hellenistic–Roman periods. The comparison of the two sites provides new insights into the health of Hellenistic–Roman Cypriot populations, enabling future investigation and comparison between urban–rural regional and neighboring sites.
The rarest among the rare? Acrometastases and disability in the past and beyond
Authors: Antunes‐Ferreira Nathalie , Curate Francisco , Prates Carlos , Bertrand Benoit , Marques Carina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetastatic bone disease significantly impacts cancer‐related morbidity and mortality nowadays. Herein, we present an adult individual, probably a female, with multiple osteolytic lesions, of variable sizes, distributed predominantly in the axial skeleton but also affecting elements of the appendicular region. This individual also exhibits atypical manifestations of metastatic bone disease, in the form of acrometastases—metastases in the extremities, which are uncommon events in current clinical settings. The individual's skeletonized remains were exhumed from a crypt in the Chapel of the Holy Spirit (Espírito Santo), Loures, Portugal, and have been dated from the 16th to 19th centuries. The multiple osteolytic lesions, noted both by direct and radiological observations, are discussed to expand the knowledge regarding disease manifestations in the past but also to reflect on disability and suffering in past individuals affected by oncologic ailments.
Association of shift work with oxidative stress and alteration of fasting plasma glucose level in Chinese adults
Authors: Li Wenzhen , Feng Xiaobing , Zhang Haozhe , Wang Yi‐Xin , Zeng Qiang , Liu Chong , Zhong Victor W. , Wang Dongming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the association of shift work with blood glucose and the mediating role of oxidative stress.MethodsFasting plasma glucose (FPG) and urinary concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers (8‐hydroxy‐2'‐deoxyguanosine [8‐OHdG], 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal‐mercapturic acid, and 8‐iso‐prostaglandin F2α [8‐isoPGF2α]) were measured among 831 participants.ResultsPositive dose‐response relationships among shift work duration, FPG (ptrend < 0.001), and abnormal glucose regulation (AGR; ptrend = 0.035) were found. Compared with participants without shift work, three‐shift work was associated with a higher level of FPG (percentage change: 6.49%, 95% CI: 4.21%–8.83%) and a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (odds ratio: 1.886, 95% CI: 1.114–3.192) and AGR (odds ratio: 1.929, 95% CI: 1.197–3.111). A dose‐response relationship was found between shift work duration and 8‐OHdG (ptrend = 0.002) and 8‐isoPGF2α (ptrend = 0.019). Urinary 8‐OHdG and 8‐isoPGF2α partially mediated the association between shift work duration and FPG levels and the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and AGR, with mediating proportions ranging from 4.77% to 20.76%.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that shift work is positively associated with blood glucose, and the association is partially mediated by oxidative stress.
Associations and predictive performance of 11 anthropometric measures with incident type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank
Authors: Boonpor Jirapitcha , Parra‐Soto Solange , Talebi Atefeh , Zhou Ziyi , Carrasco‐Marin Fernanda , Petermann‐Rocha Fanny , Welsh Paul , Pell Jill P. , Sattar Naveed , Gill Jason M. R. , Gray Stuart R. , Celis‐Morales Carlos , Ho Frederick K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe study aim was to investigate associations of 11 anthropometric measures with incident type 2 diabetes and compare their predictive performance.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 161,127 White European UK Biobank participants who were free of diabetes at baseline. Anthropometric measures included height, weight, BMI, A Body Shape Index, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, waist to height ratio (WHtR), hip circumference, visceral adiposity index, hip index, and anthropometric risk index. The associations were examined using Cox proportional hazard models. The differences in C‐index were used to compare predictive performance between BMI and other anthropometric measures.ResultsThe median follow‐up was 10.0 (interquartile range: 9.3–10.8) years, during which 6315 participants developed type 2 diabetes. All markers except height and hip index were positively associated with incident type 2 diabetes. The strongest associations were found for WHtR (hazard ratio per 1‐SD increment: 2.27 [95% CI 2.19–2.35] in women; 1.96 [95% CI 1.90–2.01] in men). Compared with BMI, WHtR and anthropometric risk index had significantly better type 2 diabetes risk discrimination.ConclusionsAlthough most adiposity markers were associated with type 2 diabetes, the magnitude of the associations differed. WHtR had the strongest associations and predictive ability for type 2 diabetes and thus could be a more suitable marker for clinical use.
Osteopontin‐driven T‐cell accumulation and function in adipose tissue and liver promoted insulin resistance and MAFLD
Authors: Soysouvanh Frédéric , Rousseau Déborah , Bonnafous Stéphanie , Bourinet Manon , Strazzulla Axelle , Patouraux Stéphanie , Machowiak Jean , Farrugia Marwin A. , Iannelli Antonio , Tran Albert , Anty Rodolphe , Luci Carmelo , Gual Philippe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the contribution of osteopontin/secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) to T‐cell regulation in initiation of obesity‐driven adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and macrophage infiltration and the subsequent impact on insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) development.MethodsSPP1 and T‐cell marker expression was evaluated in AT and liver according to type 2 diabetes and MAFLD in human individuals with obesity. The role of SPP1 on T cells was evaluated in Spp1‐knockout mice challenged with a high‐fat diet.ResultsIn humans with obesity, elevated SPP1 expression in AT was parallel to T‐cell marker expression (CD4, CD8A) and IR. Weight loss reversed AT inflammation with decreased SPP1 and CD8A expression. In liver, elevated SPP1 expression correlated with MAFLD severity and hepatic T‐cell markers. In mice, although Spp1 deficiency did not impact obesity, it did improve AT IR associated with prevention of proinflammatory T‐cell accumulation at the expense of regulatory T cells. Spp1 deficiency also decreased ex vivo helper T cell, subtype 1 (Th1) polarization of AT CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In addition, Spp1 deficiency significantly reduced obesity‐associated liver steatosis and inflammation.ConclusionsCurrent findings highlight a critical role of SPP1 in the initiation of obesity‐driven chronic inflammation by regulating accumulation and/or polarization of T cells. Early targeting of SPP1 could be beneficial for IR and MAFLD treatment.image
Metabolic syndrome‐related cognitive impairment with white matter hyperintensities and functional network analysis
Authors: Zheng Wenhui , Zhou Xia , Yin Jiabin , Liu Han , Yin Wenwen , Zhang Wei , Zhu Xiaoqun , Sun Zhongwu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the relationship between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cognitive impairment related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the underlying neural network mechanisms.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 50 participants with MetS and WMHs (MetS‐WMHs), 45 with MetS without WMHs, and 50 control participants. All participants underwent resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging and a detailed cognitive evaluation. A graph theory analysis based on resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted to calculate functional network properties. A mediation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between WMHs and MetS‐related cognitive impairment.ResultsCompared with the control group, the participants in the MetS‐WMHs group displayed lower global efficiency, local efficiency, and nodal efficiency, mainly located in the regions of the salience network. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between functional network efficiency and cognitive performance. Mediation analysis indicated that WMHs served as a mediating variable between MetS and cognitive decline, affecting attention/executive function, language, and global cognitive function.ConclusionsWMHs mediated the association between MetS and cognitive function, with a decline in the efficiency of functional brain networks being a probable neural mechanism.
Odontogenic keratocyst in the mandible of a 7‐year‐old child: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chida Tadashi , Morita Yoshihiro , Kishimoto Satoko , Wakabayashi Ken , Uzawa Narikazu , Kanesaki Tomohiko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOdontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are one of the most frequently encountered cystic diseases of the jaw in clinical practice. Although OKC has been reported as a manifestation of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome) in many pediatric patients, there have been few reports of OKC occurring in isolation. Herein, we report the case of a relatively large OKC in the mandibular body of a 7‐year‐old girl who was treated conservatively using cystectomy and open wound surgery, and the permanent teeth were unaffected. Regular check‐ups, including radiographic examinations, starting in childhood may contribute to the early detection of lesions in the maxillofacial region.
Effect of overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome on frailty in middle‐aged and older Japanese adults
Authors: Nishida Yuki , Yamada Yosuke , Sasaki Satoshi , Kanda Eiichiro , Kanno Yoshihiko , Anzai Tatsuhiko , Takahashi Kunihiko , Yamauchi Keita , Katsukawa Fuminori 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe potential for developing frailty exists in middle‐aged and older adults. While obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increase the risk of frailty in older adults, this relationship remains unclear in middle‐aged adults, who are prone to developing lifestyle‐related diseases.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of overweight/obesity and MetS on frailty development in middle‐aged and older Japanese adults using real‐world data.MethodsThis nationwide cohort study used exhaustive health insurance claims data of 3,958,708 Japanese people from 2015 to 2019 provided by the Japan Health Insurance Association. Participants aged ≥35 and < 70 years who received health checkups in 2015 were included. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) and MetS or MetS components (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) in 2015 on frailty risk assessed using the hospital frailty risk score in 2019. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was performed to examine the interaction effects of MetS components and 4‐year weight change (%) on frailty risk among participants who were overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2).ResultsIn 2019, 7204 (0.2%) and 253,671 (6.4%) participants were at high and intermediate frailty risks, respectively. Obesity and MetS were independently associated with intermediate/high frailty risk (odds ratio (OR) 1.36, p < 0.05; OR 1.23, p < 0.05, respectively) and high frailty risk (OR 1.80, p < 0.05; OR 1.37, p < 0.05, respectively) in all participants. Although all MetS components were frailty risk factors, these effects diminished with age in both sexes. Subgroup analysis of patients with diabetes revealed that 5%–10% weight loss was associated with reduced frailty risk in both sexes.ConclusionsObesity, MetS, and MetS components were independent frailty risk factors in middle‐aged and older Japanese adults. Weight loss of up to 10% over 4 years prevented frailty in patients with diabetes who were overweight and obese.
A practical strategy to identify appropriate application patterns for adhesively bonded joints
Authors: Flaig Florian , Fräger Timo , Kaufmann Marvin , Vallée Till , Fricke Holger , Müller Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a simple experimental validation of a method for finding optimal application patterns in adhesive bonding, as previously introduced by Flaig et al. (2023). The study uses two examples to demonstrate that the patterns found in theory effectively fill the target gaps after pressing in practice. The results confirm that the identified application patterns fill the target gaps almost perfectly, ensuring excellent joint integrity after the pressing process. In particular, the applicability of the star pattern to fill square gaps is experimentally validated. In addition, the method of creating a rectangle by pressing a cut star connected by a straight beam is also effective. While the theoretical results in Flaig et al. (2023) were already promising, this research now provides experimental evidence of their practical applicability.
Numerical modeling of multipoint blanking process of electrical steel
Authors: Bohdal Ł. , Kukiełka L. , Patyk R. , Kośka K. , Miksza M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new method of forming using multipoint blanking, which can reduce cutting forces was discussed. In the processes of punching and blanking magnetic materials, an important problem is excessive and irregular wear of the cutting edges of the punches. The contribution proposes multipoint initiated punching using specially designed punches, which aims to significantly reduce the punching forces needed to separate the material. The FEM method was used to analyze the physical phenomena occurring during the process. The updated Lagrange description was used to describe the phenomena at a typical incremental step. The states of strain and strain rate are described by nonlinear relationships without linearization. The description of the nonlinearity of the material was made with an incremental model taking into account the influence of the history of strain and the strain rate. The condition of the material after the previous treatments was also taken into account by introducing the initial states: displacements, stresses, strains, and their velocities. Analyses of the impact of the geometry of blanking tools on the values of stresses, deformations, and blanking forces were carried out. Fatigue analyses were carried out for the proposed tools. The research results may be useful for the design of modern blanking tools used in the processing of electrical materials.
Self‐excitability of roller coaster trains along spatial trajectories
Authors: Agustí Marc Guillem Zamora , Kecskeméthy Andrés 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt is well known that vibrations usually appear during a roller coaster ride, which in some cases leads to passenger discomfort and poses additional material and structural strain. However, the causes of such vibrations are still not fully understood or have not been rigorously tackled in the literature, mainly due to the lack of experiments and real data. While there have been technological advances that help to mitigate them to some degree, for instance by placing shock absorbers between the wheels and the bogie frame, an analysis of this phenomenon is required to make better decisions at the design stage. Here, two possible self‐excitation scenarios are analysed: a bogie instability in curved track sections and a train–track interaction from the point of view of a set of moving oscillators on a flexible spatial trajectory. In the first model, Hopf bifurcations are observed for a combination of reasonable parameters. In the second model, the numerical results also show increased vibrations for some train configurations, which potentially indicates that the track flexibility may not be overlooked. While this research proposes new causes of vibrations in roller coasters, experiments need to be carried out in order to corroborate the results.
Sintering behavior of ceramic ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber/pyrophyllite/zinc borate composites
Authors: He Chunjiang , Ji Yuan , Chen Chuanzhi , Pei Dingfeng , Gao Ming , Zhao Jingcun , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCeramic polymer materials have great future applications in the field of fireproof materials. However, ceramic polyolefins have shortcomings such as few available inorganic fillers, high sintering temperature, and low flexural strength. Therefore, achieving rapid sintering of ceramic ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber (EPDM) is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Herein, we prepared ceramic EPDM materials using pyrophyllite as aggregate and zinc borate as flux. The materials were prepared using a mixer and sintered in a muffle furnace at 850 and 1000°C. The flexural strength of the sinter residue was tested by a material testing machine. The microstructure changes during the ceramification process were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and x‐ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that the EPDM filled with pyrophyllite and zinc borate had a flexural strength of 2.6 MPa after sintering at 850°C. After sintering at 1000°C, its flexural strength further increased up to 12.3 MPa. The SEM results indicated that as the temperature increased, the zinc borate melted and filled in the space among pyrophyllite particles, and the zinc borate and the pyrophyllite were sintered into a dense whole. The TG, DTG and DTA testing results indicated that the melting and decomposition behaviors of the pyrophyllite‐zinc borate mixture changed compared with pure pyrophyllite and zinc borate. The XRD results indicated that during the sintering process, the crystalline structure of the zinc borate and the pyrophyllite gradually transformed into a quartz‐based crystalline structure. It is promising that the ceramic polyolefin materials are prepared by the pyrophyllite/zinc borate combination.
NAC domain transcription factors VNI2 and ATAF2 form protein complexes and regulate leaf senescence
Authors: Nagahage Isura Sumeda Priyadarshana , Matsuda Kohei , Miyashita Kyoko , Fujiwara Sumire , Mannapperuma Chanaka , Yamada Takuya , Sakamoto Shingo , Ishikawa Toshiki , Nagano Minoru , Ohtani Misato , Kato Ko , Uchimiya Hirofumi , Mitsuda Nobutaka , Kawai‐Yamada Maki , Demura Taku , Yamaguchi Masatoshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) domain transcription factor VND‐INTERACTING2 (VNI2) negatively regulates xylem vessel formation by interacting with another NAC domain transcription factor, VASCULAR‐RELATED NAC‐DOMAIN7 (VND7), a master regulator of xylem vessel formation. Here, we screened interacting proteins with VNI2 using yeast two‐hybrid assay and isolated two NAC domain transcription factors, Arabidopsis thaliana ACTIVATION FACTOR 2 (ATAF2) and NAC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 102 (ANAC102). A transient gene expression assay showed that ATAF2 upregulates the expression of genes involved in leaf senescence, and VNI2 effectively inhibits the transcriptional activation activity of ATAF2. vni2 mutants accelerate leaf senescence, whereas ataf2 mutants delay leaf senescence. In addition, the accelerated leaf senescence phenotype of the vni2 mutant is recovered by simultaneous mutation of ATAF2. Our findings strongly suggest that VNI2 interacts with and inhibits ATAF2, resulting in negatively regulating leaf senescence.
Effects of L‐ and D‐ form oligo(lactic acid)s grafted cellulose reinforcement on the thermal properties of poly(L‐lactic acid) composites
Authors: Rana Md. Masud , Rahaman Md. Hafezur , Khan G. M. Arifuzzaman , Hossain Md. Saddam , Parvez Md. Masud 
Published: September 2023

AbstractL‐ and D‐ form oligo(lactic acid)s (OLLA and ODLA) grafted α‐cellulose (OLLA‐g‐cellulose and ODLA‐g‐cellulose) were prepared by the graft polycondensation reaction in C6H5CH3 medium at 130°C and 380 mm of mercury pressure. Para‐toluene sulphonic acid (5 wt% of oligo(lactic acid)) was used as a catalyst whereas potassium persulfate (0.01 wt% of oligo(lactic acid)) was used as a co‐catalyst in the graft polycondensation reaction. OLLA and ODLA with a degree of polymerization (DP) 6–7 used in polycondensation reaction were also prepared by ring‐opening polymerization of L‐ and D‐lactides at 140°C for 10 h with stannous octoate (C16H30O4Sn) as a motivator, L, and D monomer of lactic acids as co‐motivators. FTIR analysis proved the bonding of OLLA and ODLA onto the α‐cellulose surface. The thermal properties of poly(L‐lactic) acid (PLLA) composites were explored by thermal analysis (TG, DTA, and DTG). Degradation, melting, and maximum weight loss temperature of the composites were increased with the increase of grafted cellulose up to 10% and then decreased. TG and DTA results showed that the incorporation of grafted α‐cellulose (grafted cellulose) can improve the thermal properties of PLLA composites.Highlights
Synthesis of oligo(lactic acid)s from L‐ and D‐lactides by ring‐opening polymerization reactions.
α‐cellulose extraction and graft modification with oligo(lactic acid)s.
Preparation of grafted α‐cellulose composite with PLLA matrix.
Evaluation of thermal properties of the grafted α‐cellulose‐reinforced composites.
On basic life testing issues in medical research using non‐parametric hypothesis testing
Authors: Bakr Mahmoud Ebrahim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe probability life distributions usually describe the time to event or survival time. Therefore, these life distributions play a crucial role in the analysis and projection of the maximum life expectancy using the Laplace transform technique for nonparametric hypothesis testing. A flexible framework for monitoring randomized clinical trials utilizing prior knowledge of certain phenomena under uncertainty is provided by the Laplace transform. By considering the previous data, medical professionals can also utilize these estimators to calculate the chance of tumor recurrence, cardiovascular death, and AIDS for HIV patients. However, censoring occurs in clinical trials and medical studies when the precise event's time of occurrence is unknown. The present study aims to propose a new test for exponential better than used (EBU). The suggested statistical test's efficiency and critical values are computed and compared with those of previous classes. Furthermore, the suggested test statistic is provided in bivariate form as well. Finally, the methodology is then tested using medical data in order to provide evidence that it is applied efficiently.