bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regolith profiles developed from a granitic parent rock in a sub- humid region of India: Implications for pedogenesis and chemical mobility of elements
Authors: Kanhaiya S. , Singh B. P. , Mittal P. , Patra A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Regolith profiles develop as a result of weathering of the parent rocks under varying climatic conditions. Hence, a better understanding of the mobility of different elements in a regolith profile explains the weathering trend and influence of climate on pedogenesis. In the present study, regolith profiles developed under a sub-humid climatic condition from a granitic rock of India are investigated. It reveals pedogenic processes, weathering trend, mineralogical and geochemical changes during profile development. The regolith profiles show the dominance of oxidation process with the occurrence of clay and ferruginous coatings around the skeletal grains. They contain quartz, K-feldspars, and albite, besides clay minerals in the upper horizons. The regolith profiles show more mobility of Si and Na, which are depleted in the regolith profiles in comparison to the parent rock. The regolith contains appreciable amount (4.0–6.0%) of K2O that shows largely increasing trend up-section. In the regolith samples, Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) and Plagioclase Index of Alteration (PIA) values varying from 56.7 to 75.7 and 66.9 to 92.2, respectively. Both CIA and PIA of the regolith samples suggest moderate weathering intensity. The regolith samples show light rare earth elements (LREEs) enrichment in comparison to the parent rock because of their absorption by the clay minerals. The negative europium (Eu) anomaly might have been caused due to the weathering of plagioclases in them. The heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) show negligible variation in comparison to the parent rock despite moderate weathering under sub-humid climates in the regolith samples. The occurrence of K2O in the regolith obtained from the granite may increase nutrient value for agricultural purposes.
Identification of Prognostic Stemness-related Genes in Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yifan , Yao Yuntao , Zhang Yu , Xu Chengdang , Yang Tianyue , Qu Mingyu , Lu Bingnan , Song Xu , Zhou Wang , Pan Xiuwu , Cui Xingang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) is the second most prevalent malignant cancer originating from the renal epithelium. Nowadays, cancer stem cells (CSC) and stemness-related genes (SRGs) are constantly revealed to play important roles in carcinogenesis and metastasis of various tumors. In the present study, we aim to investigate the underlying mechanisms of stemness-related genes (SRGs) in carcinogenesis and metastasis of KIRP.
Methods
RNA-seq profiles of 141 KIRP samples were downloaded from the TCGA database, which was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The univariate Cox analysis was used to identify the significant stemness-related genes (SRGs) with prognostic value, based on which we calculated the risk score and established a prognostic model by multivariate Cox regression in KIRP patients. In addition, the regulatory network of SRGs, upstream transcription factors (TFs), and downstream signaling pathways was constructed by the Pearson correlation analysis.
Results
In total, 1124 genes were characterized as DEGs between low- and high-stemness groups. Based on six prognostic SRGs, a prediction model was established with an AUC of 0.861. Furthermore, the transcription factor CBX2 was co-expressed with the stemness-related gene ASPH (R = 0.46, P < 0.001), and ASPH had a significant co-expression pattern with the Notch signaling pathway (R = 0.42, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, we also found that resveratrol might be a potential inhibitor for KIRP.
Conclusions
We suggested that CBX2 regulated ASPH through activation of Notch signaling pathway, which might be correlated with the carcinogenesis, development, and unfavorable prognosis of KIRP.
Biofloc meal production protocol through three stages: thickening, dewatering and drying, and its effect on the proximal composition
Authors: Gallardo-Collí Alfredo , Pérez-Rostro Carlos Iván , Hernández-Vergara Martha Patricia , Ortega-Clemente Luis Alfredo , Huerta-Mora Ibis Rafael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the purpose of obtaining biofloc meal that serves as alternative and functional protein ingredient in aquaculture feed, the obtaining protocol was developed and its effect on the proximal composition was evaluated. The protocol consists of three stages: thickening, dewatering, and drying, with the following treatments: stage 1: MS) seeds of Moringa oleifera; CS) cationic corn starch; AG) Aloe barbadensis gel and WF) sedimentation without flocculants. Stage 2: FP) Filter press; CF) Cartridge filter; CN) Centrifugation; MF) Mesh filter with manual pressure. Stage 3: CO) Convection oven; MO) Microwave and SD) Sun drying. In each stage, the proximal composition of the biofloc was evaluated. Based on the proximal composition, the WF treatment was considered the more efficient for the thickening stage; CN was considered more efficient during the dewatering stage, and CO and SD treatments were more efficient in the drying stage. The results of the three stages were used to establish two production protocols for obtaining the biofloc meal: protocol A (PA) = WF + CN + SD, and protocol B (PB) = WF + CN + CO. Overall, biofloc meal production protocols, PA and PB, allowed the preserve of biofloc nutrients and can be considered as a benchmark for the production of an alternative protein ingredient for use in aquafeeds; however, it is important to analyze the energy costs of the production protocol.
Engineering the synthetic β-alanine pathway in Pichia pastoris for conversion of methanol into 3-hydroxypropionic acid
Authors: Àvila-Cabré Sílvia , Pérez-Trujillo Míriam , Albiol Joan , Ferrer Pau 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Methanol is increasingly gaining attraction as renewable carbon source to produce specialty and commodity chemicals, as it can be generated from renewable sources such as carbon dioxide (CO2). In this context, native methylotrophs such as the yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) are potentially attractive cell factories to produce a wide range of products from this highly reduced substrate. However, studies addressing the potential of this yeast to produce bulk chemicals from methanol are still scarce.
3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a platform chemical which can be converted into acrylic acid and other commodity chemicals and biopolymers. 3-HP can be naturally produced by several bacteria through different metabolic pathways.
Results
In this study, production of 3-HP via the synthetic β-alanine pathway has been established in P. pastoris for the first time by expressing three heterologous genes, namely panD from Tribolium castaneum, yhxA from Bacillus cereus, and ydfG from Escherichia coli K-12. The expression of these key enzymes allowed a production of 1.0 g l-1 of 3-HP in small-scale cultivations using methanol as substrate. The addition of a second copy of the panD gene and selection of a weak promoter to drive expression of the ydfG gene in the PpCβ21 strain resulted in an additional 12% increase in the final 3-HP titer (1.2 g l-1). The 3-HP-producing strains were further tested in fed-batch cultures. The best strain (PpCβ21) achieved a final 3-HP concentration of 21.4 g l-1 after 39 h of methanol feeding, a product yield of 0.15 g g-1, and a volumetric productivity of 0.48 g l-1 h-1. Further engineering of this strain aiming at increasing NADPH availability led to a 16% increase in the methanol consumption rate and 10% higher specific productivity compared to the reference strain PpCβ21.
Conclusions
Our results show the potential of P. pastoris as platform cell factory for the production of organic acids such as 3-HP from renewable one-carbon feedstocks, achieving the highest volumetric productivities reported so far for a 3-HP production process through the β-alanine pathway.
Clinical characteristics and Aetiology of Uveitis in a Viral Haemorrhagic Fever Zone
Authors: Balendra Shiama , Williams Lloyd , Mustapha Jalikatu , Koroma Zikan , Kamara Alicious , Conteh Osman , Kanu Theophilus , Saradugu Bangi , Kamara Santigie , Ward Laura , Wang Huachun , Fashina Tolulope , Koroma Sheku , Shantha Jessica , Yeh Steven , Kennedy Alasdair 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background/Objectives:
Studies on uveitis in Sierra Leone were conducted prior to the Ebola Virus Disease epidemic of 2013-16, which was associated with uveitis in 20% of survivors. They did not include imaging or investigation of tuberculosis and used laboratory services outside the country. We performed a cross-sectional study on patients presenting with uveitis to establish their clinical characteristics and identify the impact of in-country laboratory diagnoses.
Methods:
We invited uveitis cases presenting to Eye Clinics in Sierra Leone from March to September 2022 to participate in the study. They underwent a diagnostic work-up, including fundus and ocular coherence tomography imaging. Active uveitis cases underwent further investigations including serology and immunological tests for syphilis, tuberculosis and herpetic viruses and HIV, and chest radiographs.
Results:
We recruited 128 patients. The mean age was 36 ±14 years and there was an equal gender split. Panuveitis was the predominant anatomical uveitis type (n=51, 40%), followed by posterior uveitis (n=36, 28%). Bilateral disease affected 40 patients (31%). Active uveitis was identified in 75 (59%) cases. ICD 11 definition of blindness with VA<3/60 occurred in 55 (33%) uveitis eyes. Aetiology of uveitis from clinical and laboratory assessment demonstrated that most cases were of undifferentiated aetiology (n=66, 52%), followed by toxoplasmosis (n=46, 36%). Trauma contributed to eight (6%) cases, syphilis to 5 (4%) cases and Ebola to 2 (2%).
Conclusions:
Uveitis was associated with high levels of visual impairment. Posterior and panuveitis contributed to the highest proportion of uveitis cases. Laboratory studies helped differentiate syphilis as a significant aetiology of uveitis.
Code sharing increases citations, but remains uncommon
Authors: Maitner Brian , Santos-Andrade Paul , Lei Luna , Barbosa George , Boyle Brad , Castorena Matiss , Enquist Brian , Feng Xiao , Kass Jamie , Owens Hannah , Park Daniel , Paz Andrea , Pinilla-Buitrago Gonzalo , Merow Cory , Wilson Adam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Biologists increasingly rely on computer code, reinforcing the importance of published code for transparency, reproducibility, training, and a basis for further work. Here we conduct a literature review examining temporal trends in code sharing in ecology and evolution publications since 2010, and test for an influence of code sharing on citation rate. We find that scientists are overwhelmingly (95%) failing to publish their code and that there has been no significant improvement over time, but we also find evidence that code sharing can considerably improve citations, particularly when combined with open access publication.
Experiences of working with lower limb osteoarthritis: A qualitative study
Authors: Alyousef Yousef S , Ross Megan H , Johnston Venerina , Smith Michelle D 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Pain and disability associated with lower limb osteoarthritis (OA) may contribute to difficulties at work. This study aimed to understand the perspectives of workers with lower limb OA on difficulties, concerns and coping strategies used at work.
Methods
Twenty-two individuals with lower limb OA and who working in paid employment participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were qualitatively analysed using an inductive thematic approach. Codes were identified and refined through review of interview transcripts and discussion with the research team.
Results
Six themes were identified in relation to experiences working with lower limb OA. Themes were: weight-bearing physical demands are challenging; lower limb OA can affect work performance; emotional consequences of pain; concerns about work in the future; positive experiences of supportive colleagues and managers; and minimal effects on sedentary work. Three themes were identified relating to strategies to manage at work: adjustments at work help manage pain and avoid exacerbations; regular strategies to manage pain; and healthcare professionals are consulted, but usually not specifically for work.
Conclusions
Workers with lower limb OA experience physical and emotional difficulties at work that can impact work performance. Workers are concerned about longevity and job security and use a range of strategies to manage symptoms and remain at work. Employers, employees and healthcare professionals may need to work together to create workplace accommodations to help workers with lower limb OA confidently remain in work.
Decreased incidence of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in young children
Authors: Park Peong Gang , Ahn Yo Han , Kang Hee Gyung , Ha Il-Soo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Peritonitis is the most common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aimed to investigate changes in the incidence, risk factors, microbiology, and clinical outcomes of PD-associated peritonitis in the past decades.
Methods
This was a retrospective study that included children who initiated chronic PD at Seoul National University Children’s Hospital between 2000 and 2017. The patients were divided into two groups according to the year of initiation: those who initiated PD between 2000 and 2008 and those who initiated PD between 2009 and 2017. The follow-up data until PD cessation, death, or June 30, 2023, were reviewed. The incidence and characteristics of peritonitis were compared between the groups.
Results
A total of 184 patients (107 males and 77 females) with a median age of 10.2 years were included in this study. Of the patients, 92 experienced 210 episodes of peritonitis. Automated PD was the dominant PD modality in the later period. The incidence rate of peritonitis decreased from 0.35 to 0.21 episodes/patient year during the study period (P = 0.001). No changes were observed in the distribution of causative organisms. Subgroup analysis showed an increase in the 2-year peritonitis-free rate from 26.9–93.3% in children under 2 years of age. No significant difference in the 2-year peritonitis-free rate was observed among different age groups since 2009.
Conclusions
The incidence of PD-associated peritonitis decreased, particularly in children under 2 years of age. Thus, younger age is no longer a risk factor for PD-associated peritonitis.
A qualitative study on the adaptation of community programmes for the promotion of early detection and health-seeking of perinatal depression in Nepal
Authors: Subba Prasansa , Williams Petal Petersen , Luitel Nagendra Prasad , Jordans Mark J D , Breuer Erica 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Despite the high burden of perinatal depression in Nepal, the detection rate is low. Community-based strategies such as sensitization programmes and the Community Informant Detection Tool (CIDT) have been found to be effective in raising awareness and thus promoting the identification of mental health problems. This study aims to adapt these community strategies for perinatal depression in the Nepalese context.
Methods
We followed a four-step process to adapt the existing community sensitization program manual and CIDT. Step 1 included in-depth interviews with women identified with perinatal depression (n = 36), and focus group discussions were conducted with health workers trained in community mental health (n = 13), female community health volunteers (FCHVs), cadre of Nepal government for the prevention and promotion of community maternal and child health (n = 16), and psychosocial counsellors (n = 5). We explored idioms and understanding of depression, perceived causes, and possible intervention. Step 2 included draft preparation based on the qualitative study. Step 3 included a one-day workshop with the psychosocial counsellors (n = 2) and health workers (n = 12) to assess the understandability and comprehensiveness of the draft and to refine the content. A review of the CIDT and community sensitization program manual by a psychiatrist was performed in Step 4.
Results
The first step led to the content development for the CIDT and community sensitization manual. Multiple stakeholders and experts reviewed and refined the content from the second to fourth steps. Idioms of depression and commonly cited risk factors were incorporated in the CIDT. Additionally, myths of perinatal depression and the importance of the role of family were added to the community sensitization manual.
Conclusion
Both the CIDT and community sensitization manual are grounded in the local context and are simple, clear, and easy to understand.
[18F]-FDG uptake in brain slices prepared from an aged mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease using a dynamic autoradiography technique
Authors: Maruyama Hiroko , Gomi Misaki , Lwin Thet-Thet , Yoneyama Akio , Sasaki Toru 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography ([18F]-FDG-PET) is a imaging modality that has been used to measure of glucose metabolism in the brain in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Clinically, decreased glucose uptake has been reported in the brain of AD, although the precise underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. To elucidate the mechanisms of decreased [18F]-FDG uptake in the AD by PET, [18F]-FDG uptake in the brain of aged model mouse of AD was investigated using a dynamic autoradiography technique “bioradiogaraphy”. A X-ray phase-contrast imaging (X-PCI) and a histopathological evaluation were also investigated to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the relationships between decreased [18F]-FDG uptake and the pathological changes in the brain of AD mouse.Methods In this study, AD model mouse (APP+/PS1+) were used. [18F]-FDG-bioradiography was conducted in fresh slices of brain tissue under the condition of resting (slices immersed in 5 mM K+ solution) and metabolically active (in 50 mM K+ solution). Amyloid β42 (Aβ42) deposition in the brain of AD mouse was confirmed by X-PCI. In addition, the positive cells of phosphated tau protein (P-tau) and deposition of Aβ42 were also examined by immunohistochemical staining.Results In the metabolically active condition, [18F]-FDG uptake was significantly enhanced in the WT mouse but not significant in the AD mouse, whereas in resting condition, no significant difference was observed between two groups. In X-PCI showed Aβ deposition in the AD mouse, but not in the WT. The AD mouse also showed increased P-tau, accumulation of Aβ42, increase in neuronal apoptosis, and decrease in the number of neurons than that of the WT mouse.Conclusion Neuronal damage, and induction of neuronal apoptosis, decreased [18F]-FDG uptake, increased Aβ accumulation and P-tau induced neurofibrillary degeneration are observed in AD mouse. In clinical diagnosis, reduction of [18F]-FDG uptake by PET is one of the means of diagnosing the onset of AD. Our results suggest that decreased uptake of [18F]-FDG in the brains of AD may be associated with neuronal dysfunction and cell death in the brain.
Temperature and Dielectric Constant Dependent Input and Output Characteristics of CNTFET
Authors: Nayan Md Faysal , Hossain Sheikh Redwana , Sultana Sabia , Rahman Anika , Imam Safayat-Al 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes have unique features and special properties that offer great potential for nano-electronic devices. Understanding the dependency of temperature and dielectric is essential to optimize the performance of carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs).In this study, a numerical simulation model of semiconducting CNTFETs is presented to determine the electrical properties in the ballistic regime. This paper focused on the impact of temperature and dielectric constant to evaluate the input-output characteristic of CNTFET devices. Moreover, the study investigated the changes in threshold voltage as a function of gate dielectric constant and temperature in the nanometer regime. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating temperature and dielectric constant relationships in the design and optimization of CNTFETs, allowing for their effective incorporation into future electronic applications.
An Effective Real-time Traffic Classification Method Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yang lingyun , Wang Zaijian , Feng Youhong , Yan He 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Network traffic classification has been as a research hots pot in network studies. However, previous research has predominantly focused on coarse-grained classification, neglecting fine-grained classification among network flows. As the increasing demand for personalized network services, fine-grained classification of network flows research has become imminently. This study discusses the task of fine-grained classification mainly, specifically for chat flows. We proposed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based method for fine-grained real-time classification of chat flows. Firstly, we pre-process the five-tuple data, analysis the probabilistic feature values about the protocols by first-order Markov chains, then using the features as input data of CNN model. Secondly, we propose an improved adaptive step method to optimize the training CNN model; Additionally, we combining the bagging algorithm with the CNN model to improve its classification performance. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conducted experiments using two different chat flows from the ISCX database. The experiment results show that the proposed classification method effectively improved the fine-grained traffic classification results. It increases the classification accuracy of non-VPN chat flows from 76.7% and 80.8% to 88.8% and that of VPN chat flows from 91.0% and 93.6% to 97.9%.