bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Vocal Arousal and Dyadic Coping During Couple Interactions After a Stress Induction
Authors: Bulling Lisanne J. , Hilpert Peter , Bertschi Isabella C. , Ivic Ana , Bodenmann Guy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is well known that although relationship external stressors can harm couples, dyadic coping behavior can buffer the negative effects of stress. Thus far, however, less is known about how vocally encoded stress (i.e.,f0) might affect the stress-coping process in couples during an interaction. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to compare two different stress hypotheses (i.e., paraverbal communication stress hypothesis and emotional resonance hypothesis). We observed 187 mixed-gender couples (N = 374 participants) interacting naturally after an experimental stress induction (Trier Social Stress Test), for which couples were randomly allocated into three groups (women stressed, men stressed, and both stressed). Results of a multi-group actor-partner interdependence mediation model (APIMeM) show that either the paraverbal communication stress hypothesis or the emotional resonance hypothesis could be confirmed, depending on whether the man, the woman, or both partners were stressed.
Recent progress and perspective on batteries made from nuclear waste
Authors: Katiyar Nirmal Kumar , Goel Saurav 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSustainable energy sources are an immediate need to cope with the imminent issue of climate change the world is facing today. In particular, the long-lasting miniatured power sources that can supply energy continually to power handheld gadgets, sensors, electronic devices, unmanned airborne vehicles in space and extreme mining are some of the examples where this is an acute need. It is known from basic physics that radioactive materials decay over few years and some nuclear materials have their half-life until thousands of years. The past five decades of research have been spent harnessing the decay energy of the radioactive materials to develop batteries that can last until the radioactive reaction continues. Thus, an emergent opportunity of industrial symbiosis to make use of nuclear waste by using radioactive waste as raw material to develop batteries with long shelf life presents a great opportunity for sustainable energy resource development. However, the current canon of research on this topic is scarce. This perspective draws fresh discussions on the topic while highlighting future directions in this wealthy arena of research.
Graphical abstract
A long-lasting miniaturised nuclear battery utilising 14C radioactive isotope as fuel
Eskers associated with buried glaciers in Mars' mid latitudes: recent advances and future directions
Authors: Butcher Frances E. G. , Arnold Neil S. , Balme Matthew R. , Conway Susan J. , Clark Christopher D. , Gallagher Colman , Hagermann Axel , Lewis Stephen R. , Rutledge Alicia M. , Storrar Robert D. , Woodley Savana Z. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUntil recently, the influence of basal liquid water on the evolution of buried glaciers in Mars' mid latitudes was assumed to be negligible because the latter stages of Mars' Amazonian period (3 Ga to present) have long been thought to have been similarly cold and dry to today. Recent identifications of several landforms interpreted as eskers associated with these young (100s Ma) glaciers calls this assumption into doubt. They indicate basal melting (at least locally and transiently) of their parent glaciers. Although rare, they demonstrate a more complex mid-to-late Amazonian environment than was previously understood. Here, we discuss several open questions posed by the existence of glacier-linked eskers on Mars, including on their global-scale abundance and distribution, the drivers and dynamics of melting and drainage, and the fate of meltwater upon reaching the ice margin. Such questions provide rich opportunities for collaboration between the Mars and Earth cryosphere research communities.
Perceptions of laboratory animal veterinarians regarding institutional transparency
Authors: Brunt Michael W , Weary Daniel M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Institutions using animals for research typically have a veterinarian who is responsible for the veterinary care programme and compliance with regulatory obligations. These veterinarians operate at the interface between the institution’s animal research programme and senior management. Veterinarians have strong public trust and are well positioned to share information about animals used for scientific purposes, but their perspectives on sharing information with the public are not well documented and their perceptions of transparency may influence how institutional policies are developed and applied. The objective of our study was to analyse the perceptions of institutional transparency among laboratory animal veterinarians working at different universities. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were used to describe perceptions of 16 attending veterinarians relating to animal research transparency. Three themes were drawn from the interviews: (i) reflections on transparency; (ii) reflections on culture; and (iii) reflections on self. Veterinarians reflected on their personal priorities regarding transparency and when combined with barriers to change within the institutions, sometimes resulted in reported inaction. For example, sometimes veterinarians chose not to pursue available opportunities for change at seemingly willing universities, while others had their initiatives for change blocked by more senior administrators. The sharing of information regarding the animals used for scientific purposes varied in how it was conceptualised by attending veterinarians: (i) true transparency; communication of information for the sake of openness; (ii) strategic transparency; attempt to educate people about animal research because then they will support it; (iii) agenda-driven transparency; selective release of positive stories to direct public opinion; and (iv) fearful non-transparency; not communicating any information for fear of negative opposition to animal research. Transparency was not perceived as an institutional priority by many of the veterinarians and a cohesive action plan to increase transparency that involves multiple universities was identified as a promising avenue to overcome existing barriers.
Relative uniformly positive entropy of induced amenable group actions
Authors: LIU KAIRAN , WEI RUNJU 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLet G be a countably infinite discrete amenable group. It should be noted that a G-system
$(X,G)$
naturally induces a G-system
$(\mathcal {M}(X),G)$
, where
$\mathcal {M}(X)$
denotes the space of Borel probability measures on the compact metric space X endowed with the weak*-topology. A factor map
$\pi : (X,G)\to (Y,G)$
between two G-systems induces a factor map
$\widetilde {\pi }:(\mathcal {M}(X),G)\to (\mathcal {M}(Y),G)$
. It turns out that
$\widetilde {\pi }$
is open if and only if
$\pi $
is open. When Y is fully supported, it is shown that
$\pi $
has relative uniformly positive entropy if and only if
$\widetilde {\pi }$
has relative uniformly positive entropy.
Rosie the Riveter, Vera the Volunteer: Sexism, Racism, and Female Enlistment in World War II
Authors: Artiles Alexandra , Treneska Joana , Fahey Kevin , Atkinson Douglas B. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWhat influenced women to volunteer for service in the US military during World War II? Whereas previous literature focused on potential intrinsic and extrinsic individual-level motives, we consider the broader structural context that may have played a role in female volunteerism. We leverage original data containing information on all volunteers who served in the US Army during World War II, with detailed county-level economic, political, and demographic data, to explore patterns of female volunteerism in the military. Our findings suggest that racism and sexism played a role in female volunteerism in many parts of the country, which may have undermined the government’s goals of mobilizing the entire country in support of the war effort.
Community Place Initiatives post-austerity, and how a ‘civic’ School of Architecture might support them
Authors: Butterworth Carolyn , Schneider Tatjana , Šorn Maša 
Published: March 2023

Austerity measures have been discussed widely since sweeping cuts have been made to local government budgets following the global financial crisis of 2007-08. More than a decade later, the impact of these measures on everyday lives of communities is still growing. We use the context of austerity to discuss our research in partnership with Community Place Initiatives in the city of Sheffield, UK, and to examine the approaches they use to attempt to overcome the shortcomings and challenges of precarity.This article focuses on revealing the impacts that budget cuts have had and are still having, and speculates upon what these findings mean for the role that schools of architecture can play outside the academy. We draw on research conducted by Urban Education Live Sheffield - a team of researchers and educators from the School of Architecture, University of Sheffield in the UK, and the Department of Architecture, Technische Universität Braunschweig in Germany. The team is part of a broader international project, Urban Education Live (UEL), a multidisciplinary research project with partners from across Europe funded by the ERA-NET Cofund Smart Urban Futures (ENSUF) programme, established by the Joint Programming Initiative Urban Europe.Through a multi-modal ethnographic and design-led approach combining interviews, case studies, and ‘live’ pedagogy, we examine how Community Place Initiatives in Sheffield deal with a context that has fundamentally changed the ways in which they operate in, or in relation to, their place over the past decade. We explore how collaborations between these local partners and architectural researchers and students can be mutually beneficial within this context, in order to speculate upon how such collaborations can be more effective in their contribution to local place-based urban capacity building and future resilience.
The Corrections Dilemma: Media Retractions Increase Belief Accuracy But Decrease Trust
Authors: Freitag Joshua , Gochee Madeline , Ransden Mitchell , Nyhan Brendan , Roschke Kristy , Gillmor Dan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhy are prominent news media retractions so rare? Using data from a survey experiment in which respondents view simulated Twitter newsfeeds, we demonstrate the dilemma facing news organizations that have published false information. Encouragingly, media retractions are effective at informing the public – they increase the accuracy of news consumers’ beliefs about the retracted reporting more than information from third parties questioning the original reporting or even the combination of the two. However, trust in the news outlet declines after a retraction, though this effect is small both substantively and in standardized terms relative to the increase in belief accuracy. This reputational damage persists even if the outlet issues a retraction before a third party questions the story. In a social media environment that frequently subjects reporting to intense scrutiny, the journalistic mission of news organizations to inform the public will increasingly conflict with organizational incentives to avoid admitting error.
Improved Extreme Rainfall Frequency Analysis Using a Two‐Step Kappa Approach
Authors: O’Shea Declan , Nathan Rory , Sharma Ashish , Wasko Conrad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccurate estimation of annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs) of extreme rainfalls through rainfall frequency analysis is a critical step in engineering design for flood mitigation and disaster response. Here we show how the estimation of rainfall frequency curves can be improved by fitting a four‐parameter Kappa distribution to a peaks‐over‐threshold (POT) series. To fit the Kappa distribution to POT data we present a two‐step fitting approach based on maximum likelihood estimation which separately models storm intensity and the arrival frequency. First, a Generalized Pareto distribution (GPA) describing storm intensity is fitted, followed by a Binomial distribution for storm arrivals. We compare the performance of this two‐step Kappa approach to an analogous two‐step Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) approach and to Kappa and GEV distributions fitted to annual maxima series (AMS), using both synthetic and real‐world data representative of Australian climatic conditions. The experiments show that leveraging additional information from the POT series in the two‐step Kappa approach dramatically improves quantile estimation and reduces uncertainty compared to fitting either the GEV or the Kappa distributions to AMS, particularly for rare quantiles. When skew–kurtosis properties of extreme rainfalls are well represented by the Kappa but not the GEV, the two‐step Kappa approach yields unbiased quantiles under extrapolation, while the use of GEV can lead to highly biased estimates. From these results, we believe the two‐step Kappa approach is suitable for both at‐site and regional rainfall frequency analyses as it can accommodate distributions ranging from GPA to GEV without encountering over‐fitting problems generally associated with four‐parameter distributions.
Observational Evidence for the Influence of Diurnal Tide in Driving Winds in the Polar Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere
Authors: Dutta R. , Sridharan S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe meteor radar wind observations over Esrange (67.9°N, 21.10°E) and Rothera (67.5°S, 68.1°W), located respectively in the northern and southern polar latitudes show seasonal variation in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (UMLT) winds with strong westward flow in the zonal wind and equatorward flow in the meridional wind during April‐September over Esrange and October‐February over Rothera. The semi‐diurnal tide shows larger amplitudes over Esrange than over Rothera. However, the diurnal tide (DT) shows comparable amplitudes in both stations. The DT amplitude decreases with height over both stations. Significant correlations between the DT amplitude and mean zonal wind (−0.74 for Esrange and −0.54 and −0.77 for Rothera) indicate the possible role of DT in driving the westward winds. The space‐time spectral analysis of the temperature obtained from the radiance observations of the SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) instrument on board the TIMED (Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics) satellite reveals the summer maximum of migrating diurnal tide of zonal wavenumber 1 (DW1) over both 60°N and 60°S, indicating that the DT is mostly composed of DW1. These results suggest that the westward winds in the polar UMLT region are largely driven by the westward momentum contributed by the DW1 tide due to its interaction with the background wind.
An insight into the microphysical attributes of northwest Pacific tropical cyclones
Authors: Seela Balaji Kumar , Janapati Jayalakshmi , Lin Pay-Liam , Lee Meng-Tze 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNorthwestern Pacific (NWP) tropical cyclones (TCs) impose a severe threat to the life and economy of the people living in East Asian countries. The microphysical features, mainly the raindrop size distributions (RSD) of TCs that improve the modeling simulation and rainfall estimation algorithms, are limited to case studies, and an extensive understanding of TCs’ RSD is still scarce over the northwest Pacific. Here, we examine a comprehensive outlook on disparities in microphysical attributes of NWP TCs with radial distance and storm type, using sixteen years of disdrometer, ground-based radar, and reanalysis datasets in north Taiwan. We find that dominant stratiform precipitation in the inner rainbands leads to the occurrence of more bigger drops in the inner rainbands than the inner core and outer rainbands. Moreover, a decrease in mass-weighted mean diameter and rainfall rate with radial distance is associated with a reduction in moisture availability for various circumstances, and this association is deceptive in intense storms. Our findings give an insight into crucial processes governing microphysical inequalities in different regions of NWP TCs, with implications for the ground-based and remote-sensing rainfall estimation algorithms.
Tunable Dirac points in a two-dimensional non-symmorphic wallpaper group lattice
Authors: Herrera Miguel A. J. , Bercioux Dario 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNon-symmorphic symmetries protect Dirac nodal lines and cones in lattice systems. Here, we investigate the spectral properties of a two-dimensional lattice belonging to a non-symmorphic group. Specifically, we look at the herringbone lattice, characterized by two sets of glide symmetries applied in two orthogonal directions. We describe the system using a nearest-neighbor tight-binding model containing horizontal and vertical hopping terms. We find two nonequivalent Dirac cones inside the first Brillouin zone along a high-symmetry path. We tune these Dirac cones’ positions by breaking the lattice symmetries using on-site potentials. These Dirac cones can merge into a semi-Dirac cone or unfold along a high-symmetry path. Finally, we perturb the system by applying a dimerization of the hopping terms. We report a flow of Dirac cones inside the first Brillouin zone describing quasi-hyperbolic curves. We present an implementation in terms of CO atoms placed on the top of a Cu(111) surface.
Experimental quantification of site-specific efficiency of Interatomic Coulombic Decay after inner shell ionization
Authors: Küstner-Wetekam Catmarna , Marder Lutz , Bloß Dana , Honisch Carolin , Kiefer Nils , Richter Clemens , Rubik Simon , Schaf Rebecca , Zindel Christina , Förstel Marko , Gokhberg Kirill , Knie André , Hergenhahn Uwe , Ehresmann Arno , Kolorenč Přemysl , Hans Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInteratomic Coulombic Decay (ICD) and related interatomic and intermolecular autoionization mechanisms are ubiquitous decay processes of excited atoms and molecules in an environment. It is commonly accepted that the efficiency of ICD of an ionized atom in a cluster increases with an increasing number of nearest neighbors. Here, we present a method for experimental validation of this assumption by a site-specific and quantitative comparison of ICD and its main competitor, Auger decay, in core-level ionized Kr clusters. Our results are in quantitative agreement with scaled theoretical calculations on Kr2.
The influence of mantle hydration and flexure on slab seismicity in the southern Central Andes
Authors: Rodriguez Piceda Constanza , Gao Ya-Jian , Cacace Mauro , Scheck-Wenderoth Magdalena , Bott Judith , Strecker Manfred , Tilmann Frederik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractKnowledge of the causative dynamics of earthquakes along subduction-zone interfaces and within oceanic slabs is relevant for improving future seismic hazard assessments. Here, we combine the analysis of seismic tomography, the 3D structure of the slab and seismicity to investigate the controlling factors driving slab seismic activity beneath the southern Central Andes. We evaluate the ratio distribution between compressional and shear-wave seismic velocities (Vp/Vs) as a proxy for the hydration state of the lithospheric mantle, oceanic slab, and plate interface. Regions of high Vp/Vs, i.e. areas of hydrated mantle, are principally caused by compaction effects and dehydration reactions. In contrast, slab seismicity in areas of low Vp/Vs and inferred lower fluid content in the overriding plate is facilitated by enhanced flexural stresses due to changes in the subduction angle of the oceanic plate. Plate-interface background seismicity correlates with areas of higher Vp/Vs (hydrous interface) at depths <50 km, while areas of most pronounced plate-locking coincide with regions of low Vp/Vs (anhydrous interface). The regions of anhydrous plate interface are likely candidates for future great megathrust events due to their higher potential for elastic energy accumulation compared to more hydrated regions.
Chemolithotrophic biosynthesis of organic carbon associated with volcanic ash in the Mariana Trough, Pacific Ocean
Authors: Li Taisi , Li Jiwei , Longman Jack , Zhang Zhe-Xuan , Qu Yuangao , Chen Shun , Bai Shijie , Dasgupta Shamik , Xu Henchao , Ta Kaiwen , Liu Shuangquan , Peng Xiaotong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVolcanic ash is a major component of marine sediment, but its effect on the deep-sea carbon cycle remains enigmatic. Here, we analyzed mineralogical compositions and glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) membrane lipids in submarine tuffs from the Mariana Trough, demonstrating a fraction of organic carbon associated with volcanic ash is produced in situ. This likely derives from chemolithotrophic communities supported by alteration of volcanic material. Tuff GDGTs are characterized by enrichment of branched GDGTs, as in chemolithotrophic communities. Scanning electron microscope, Raman spectrum and nano secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis demonstrates organic carbon exists around secondary heamatite veins in the altered mafic minerals, linking mineral alteration to chemolithotrophic biosynthesis. We estimate organic carbon production of between 0.7 − 3.7 × 1011 g if all the chemical energy produced by ash alteration was fully utilized by microorganisms. Therefore, the chemolithotrophic ecosystem maintained by ash alteration likely contributes considerably to organic carbon production in the seafloor.
Last deglacial abrupt climate changes caused by meltwater pulses in the Labrador Sea
Authors: You Defang , Stein Ruediger , Fahl Kirsten , Williams Maricel C. , Schmidt Daniela N. , McCave Ian Nicholas , Barker Stephen , Schefuß Enno , Niu Lu , Kuhn Gerhard , Niessen Frank 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFreshwater perturbations are often thought to be associated with abrupt climate changes during the last deglaciation, while many uncertainties remain regarding the exact timing, pathway, mechanism, and influence of meltwater release. Here, we present very well-dated and high-resolution records from the eastern Labrador Sea representing the last 19.000 years, which demonstrate abrupt changes in sea surface characteristics. Four millennial-scale meltwater events have been identified between the last 14.000 and 8.200 years based on independent biomarker proxies and X-ray fluorescence scanning data. These events are characterized by increased sea ice formation and decreased sea surface temperatures which might have occurred within a few decades. We propose these abrupt changes were triggered by meltwater pulsing into the Labrador Sea periodically, resulting from collapse of the Laurentide-Greenland Ice Sheets caused by (sub-)surface ocean warming in the Labrador Sea. Our findings provide more precise information about impact of freshwater forcing on abrupt climate changes, which may help to improve simulations for past and future changes in ocean circulation and climate.
Effective tailoring of the MoS2 layer number on the surface of CdS nanorods for boosting hydrogen production rate
Authors: Sudheer Anjana E. , Varma Pooja , Aravindh Sasikala Devi Assa , Amaranatha Reddy D. , Murali D. 
Published: March 2023

Solar assisted hydrogen fuel production with MoS2 decorated CdS nanorods.