bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ovarian changes and development of the branchial placenta occurring in Jenynsia lineata (Cyprinodontiformes, Anablepidae)
Authors: Di Cesare Luca , Barbeito Claudio G. , Santamaría‐Martín Carlos , Montes Martín M. , Uribe Mari C. , Plaul Silvia E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn viviparous teleosts, intraovarian gestation occurs intrafollicularly, as in poeciliids, or intraluminally, as in goodeids and anablepids. Furthermore, there are two different forms of embryonic nutrition: lecithotrophy and matrotrophy; depending on the species, these can be exclusive or coexist during gestation. In matrotrophic species, nutrients are transmitted from the mother to the embryo and are especially important in species with intraluminal gestation. Jenynsia lineata is a South American viviparous teleost with intraluminal gestation, characterized by eggs with scarce yolk, which is resorbed when embryos are 6 mm long, thus developing a branchial placenta. Using histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical techniques, the present study describes the characteristics and changes of the ovarian mucosa in J. lineata during gestational and nongestational phases, and analyzes the embryonic pharyngeal epithelium in the branchial placenta. The ovaries of 30 adult female specimens were processed using histological techniques and stained with hematoxylin‐eosin, Masson's trichrome, and Alcian Blue pH 2.5/periodic acid Schiff reagent. To detect cell proliferation, we used antiproliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody. In nonpregnant females, eosinophilic granular cells (EGCs) and lymphocytes were identified in the lamina propria of the tunica mucosa, and melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) and fibroblasts were identified adjacent to tissue debris in the ovarian folds'. In the cellular debris, an embryo in resorption was observed. In pregnant females, the ovarian mucosa has thin vascularization branches entering the opercular chamber of the embryos, in close contact with the forming gill processes, thereby establishing a branchial placenta. Active cell replacement was observed in these ovarian branches. The identification of fibroblasts, lymphocytes, EGCs, and MMCs adjacent to tissue debris could indicate that these cell types are involved in the embryonic resorption process. Considering the new data obtained in this study on the branchial placenta of J. lineata, we conclude that cell proliferation could be involved in the development of maternal–embryonic interaction.
Inactivated vaccine fueled adaptive immune responses to Omicron in 2‐year COVID‐19 convalescents
Authors: Liu Maoshun , Zhang Jie , Li Lei , Tian Jinmin , Yang Mengjie , Shang Bingli , Wang Xin , Li Min , Li Hongmei , Yue Can , Yao Sijia , Lin Ying , Guo Yuanyuan , Zong Kexin , Zhang Danni , Zhao Yingze , Cai Kun , Dong Shaobo , Xu Shengping , Zhan Jianbo , Gao George F. , Liu William J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver 3 years, humans have experienced multiple rounds of global transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants. In addition, the widely used vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 involve multiple strategies of development and inoculation. Thus, the acquired immunity established among humans is complicated, and there is a lack of understanding within a panoramic vision. Here, we provided the special characteristics of the cellular and humoral responses in 2‐year convalescents after inactivated vaccines, in parallel to vaccinated COVID‐19 naïve persons and unvaccinated controls. The decreasing trends of the IgG, IgA, and NAb, but not IgM of the convalescents were reversed by the vaccination. Both cellular and humoral immunity in convalescents after vaccination were higher than the vaccinated COVID‐19 naïve persons. Notably, inoculation with inactivated vaccine fueled the NAb to BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 in 2‐year convalescents, much higher than the NAb during 6 months and 1 year after symptoms onset. And no obvious T cell escaping to the S protein was observed in 2‐year convalescents after inoculation. The study provides insight into the complicated features of human acquired immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2 and variants in the real world, indicating that promoting vaccine inoculation is essential for achieving herd immunity against emerging variants, especially in convalescents.
Latent heat flux variability over the tropical Indian Ocean
Authors: Mohan Soumya , Ruchith R. D. , Rahul S. , Shanas P. R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe seasonal evolution and interannual variability of latent heat flux (LHF) over the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) region is examined for the period 1980–2019. The seasonal distribution of LHF is dominated by the winter pattern of each hemisphere in the TIO. Climatologically high LHF is mostly confined to the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal regions in the north Indian Ocean and the zonal belt between 10oS and 25oS in the south Indian Ocean. Warm and cold phases of El‐Niño Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and their co‐occurrence events leave distinct LHF signatures over the TIO. The LHF anomalies during these events are more profound than pure events with enhanced latent heat loss when the La Niña and negative IOD events coincide. The LHF anomalies associated with the wind‐evaporation‐SST feedback is prominent when positive IOD co‐occur with the El‐Niño event. Both the vertical humidity gradient and wind speed changes play substantial roles in driving LHF anomalies during the co‐occurring events of NIOD and La Niña.
Photon Bose–Einstein Condensation and Lasing in Semiconductor Cavities
Authors: Loirette‐Pelous Aurelian , Greffet Jean‐Jacques 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhoton Bose–Einstein condensation and photon thermalisation have been largely studied with molecular gain media in optical cavities. However, their observation with semiconductors has remained elusive despite a large body of experimental results and very well established theoretical models. In this work, these models are used to build a new theoretical framework that enables revisiting lasing to compare with photon Bose–Einstein condensation in the driven‐dissipative regime. The thermalisation figures of merit and the different experimental procedures to asses thermalization are discussed. Finally, the fluctuations of the system and their relation to the different regimes are explored.
Full‐thickness skin rejuvenation by a novel dual‐length microneedle radiofrequency device: A proof‐of‐concept study using human skin
Authors: Ahn Ga Ram , Jang You Na , Lee So Young , Kim Woo Ju , Han Hye Sung , Yoo Kwang Ho , Bae Tae Hui , Barn Jaesang , Seok Joon , Kim Beom Joon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundA novel dual‐length microneedle radiofrequency (DLMR) device has been developed to achieve full‐thickness skin rejuvenation by stimulating the papillary and reticular dermis simultaneously. This device's dual‐level targeting concept need to be validated on human skin, although its clinical efficacy has been demonstrated in a previous study.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the dual‐depth targeting capability and the ability to induce rejuvenation in each layer of vertical skin anatomy, that is, the epidermis, papillary dermis, and reticular dermis, using full‐thickness human facial skin samples.MethodsHuman facial skin samples were obtained from 13 Asian patients who had facelift surgery. To validate the dual‐depth targeting concept, DMLR‐treated skin samples were analyzed using a digital microscope, thermal imaging, and hematoloxylin and eosin (H&E) staining immediately after DLMR application. On samples stained with H&E, Masson's tricrome, and Verhoeff−Van Gieson, histological observation and morphometric analysis were performed. Total collagen assay (TCA) and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to assess changes in total collagen content and mRNA expression levels of collagen types I/III and vimentin, respectively.ResultsThe DLMR device successfully induced thermal stimulation in the papillary and reticular dermis. The thickness, stacks, and dermal−epidermal junction convolution of the epidermis treated with DLMR were significantly increased. Collagen bundles in the dermis treated with DLMR exhibited a notable increase in thickness, density, and horizontal alignment. Dermal collagen levels were significantly higher in the morphometric and TCA data, as well as in the qPCR data for dermal matrix proteins.ConclusionsOur DLMR device independently and precisely targeted the papillary and reticular dermis, and it appears to be an effective modality for implementing full‐thickness rejuvenation.
In Situ Emulsion Polymerization to Multifunctional Polymer Nanocomposites: A Review
Authors: Xu Hongzhi , Hao Zhiwei , Wang Chengwen , Deng Junyu , Wang Tianju , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolymer nanocomposites are a class of composite materials containing polymer continuous phase as matrix and inorganic nanoparticles as fillers. Combining the advantages of both polymer and nanofillers, polymer nanocomposites can yield some desirable functionalities that cannot be achieved by the individual components, thus exhibiting tremendous potential for a variety of applications. However, their performances markedly depend on the dispersion and distribution of nanofillers in the polymer matrix. Recently, in situ emulsion polymerization has been demonstrated to be a powerful approach for the preparation of multifunctional polymer nanocomposites with good dispersion and homogeneous distribution of nanofillers. In this review, the fundamentals of polymer nanocomposites and their preparation strategies are briefly discussed, and then are comprehensively summarized recent advances in the design, preparation, functionalization, and applications of polymer nanocomposites via in situ emulsion polymerization. The particular focus is placed on the strategies for achieving homogeneous and good dispersion of nanofillers within polymer matrixes. Moreover, the current challenges and future opportunities of in situ emulsion polymerization to polymer nanocomposites are discussed to motivate future contributions and explore new possibilities.
Post‐Polymerization Modifications to Prepare Biomedical Nanocarriers with Varying Internal Structures, their Properties and Impact on Protein Corona Formation
Authors: Kockelmann Johannes , Zentel Rudolf , Nuhn Lutz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe reactive ester approach provides access to various types of drug delivery systems. Either amphiphilic block copolymer micelles with hydrophobic cores can be generated for encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs, or they are (reversibly) crosslinked by polar molecules into nano(hydro)gel particles affording hydrophilic cores and coronas. Beyond short oligonucleotides complexation or covalent drug conjugation inside the core, a surface functionalization with targeting units is further possible to address a large variety of drug delivery scenarios. Interestingly, the reactive ester approach can thereby not only govern the nanocarriers' inner structure and surface property, but at the same time also provide strategies to prevent protein corona formation. These features are summarized in this article and underline the concept of reactive ester macromolecules as beneficial tool for assisting in drug delivery.
A stochastic Allen–Cahn–Navier–Stokes model with inertial effects driven by multiplicative noise of jump type
Authors: Tachim Medjo T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe consider a stochastic Allen–Cahn–Navier–Stokes equations with inertial effects and multiplicative noise of jump type in a bounded domain , , driven by a multiplicative noise. The existence of a global weak martingale solution is proved under non‐Lipschitz assumptions on the coefficients. The construction of the solution is based on the Faedo–Galerkin approximation, compactness method and the Skorokhod representation theorem.
A systematic literature review of virtual embodied experience
Authors: Chen Juan , Ning Changhui , Chen Congbo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVirtual scenarios have brought intriguing enhancements to the in‐reality experiences of individuals, and a paradigm of embodiment, rather than disembodiment, has evolved. Research on virtual embodied experience has connected the trends of virtualization and embodiment of experience but remains scattered and inconclusive. This systematic review of 125 peer‐reviewed journal papers in the Scopus database uncovers extant work on the contextualization, conceptualization, and causal links of virtual embodied experience. It finds that extant literature neglects certain cutting‐edge scenarios. Research still needs to identify more explicit dimensional structures of virtual embodied experience and more antecedents and consequences along the causal chain. Research has grounded itself in theoretical constellations across cognitive and behavioral science, sociology, and computer science. Nevertheless, flaws remain, not least the use of disembodiment‐oriented theories to explain embodied experience and insufficient emphasis on the subjectivity of technology. As the lack of suitable research frameworks has presented obstacles to quantitative research, this study proposes a framework highlighting virtual embodied experience bridging virtual scenario elements (technological and environmental factors) and multiple consequences (perception, responses, and performances). This study sets out a future research agenda, including promising research directions such as exploring virtual embodied experiences in multiple virtual scenarios, clarifying its dimensional structures, and underlining the complexity of how it mediates virtual scenario elements and commercial consequences and how it leads to possible negative consequences.
An analytical study of curved frequency selective surfaces for shielding applications
Authors: Gouda Akhila , Ghosh Saptarshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper demonstrates an analytical study of different nonplanar frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) for X‐band (8–12 GHz) electromagnetic (EM) shielding applications. A well‐known metallic square loop unit cell is used for the analysis, which is arranged in a periodic pattern on a three‐dimensional (3‐D) printer compatible dielectric substrate. The geometry is wrapped on various kinds of curved surfaces (cylindrical, paraboloid, and hemispherical surfaces) and investigated using the finite element boundary integral (FEBI) technique. The structure exhibits a band stop characteristic with a fractional bandwidth of 62.74% (6.68–12.66 GHz, having transmission coefficient below −10 dB), resonating around 9.53 GHz under different angles of incident EM wave. Finally, the 3‐D printing method is used to fabricate the prototypes for performing laboratory measurements. The simulated and measured results follow each other closely, thereby establishing the proposed technique in realizing nonplanar FSSs.
Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery fellows' case logs remained stable during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Daily Adam M. , Popat Shreeya , Koenig Hannah G. , Fuller Thomas W. , Lee Una J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic and subsequent staffing shortages there was concern about the case volume, and thus competency, of graduating trainees due to reduced surgical volumes. Elective procedures were particularly affected, which includes Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) cases. To understand whether FPMRS fellows were affected, we assessed their case logs for changes during the pandemic.MethodsThe nationally aggregated case logs of graduating FPMRS fellows, both urology and obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN), were obtained from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. The available academic years (AYs) included 2018−2019, 2019−2020, and 2020−2021. Standard deviation for each index category was derived from the average and 90th percentile data. One‐way analysis of variance was used to compare differences in case volumes for tracked index categories between AYs.ResultsGraduating fellows logged an average of 517.4 (standard deviation [SD] 28.6) and 818.0 (SD 37.9) cases, for urology and OBGYN respectively, over their fellowship training during the examined period. No significant differences in total surgical procedures were found for either specialty between pre‐COVID AY 2018−2019 and COVID‐affected AYs 2019−2020 and 2020‐2021. For urology fellows, gastrointestinal (GI) procedures was the only index case category with a significant difference, and it was a decrease between the two COVID‐affected AYs: 2020‐2021 compared to 2019−2020 (8.9 vs. 4.2, p = 0.04). For both urology and OBGYN fellows, there was a statistically significant decrease in graft/mesh augmentation procedures from COVID‐affected AY 2019−2020 to AY 2020−2021. This may be attributed to the reclassification of mesh removal cases from graft/mesh augmentation procedures to genital procedures in 2020−2021. There was not a significant decrease in these procedures from pre‐COVID AY 2018‐2019 to the COVID‐affected AYs. There were no other statistically significant differences between AYs for OBGYN fellows.ConclusionsSurgical case volumes for FPMRS urology and OBGYN fellows who trained during the COVID‐19 pandemic were comparable to those of their pre‐pandemic peers. No significant differences between pre‐COVID and COVID‐affected years were found for either total surgical procedures or index case categories. Despite disruptions in health care nationwide, FPMRS trainee case volumes were largely unaffected.
Diet quality partially mediates the association between ultraprocessed food consumption and adiposity indicators
Authors: Shim Jee‐Seon , Ha Kyoung Hwa , Kim Dae Jung , Kim Hyeon Chang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the potential role of overall diet quality in the associations between ultraprocessed food (UPF) consumption and adiposity indicators among Korean adults.MethodsBaseline data of participants (n = 4331) of the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center (CMERC) cohort study were obtained. Dietary information was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. UPF was defined using the NOVA classification. Overall diet quality was assessed using the Korean Healthy Eating Index. Adiposity indicators included BMI, waist circumference, percentage body fat by bioimpedance, and visceral fat mass by whole‐body dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry. Mediation analysis after adjustment for potential confounders was performed.ResultsUPF intake was associated with higher adiposity indicators after adjustment for confounders. The mediating effect of the Korean Healthy Eating Index on the relationship between UPF consumption and each adiposity indicator was 35.6% (95% CI: 4.9% to 255.9%) for BMI, 38.3% (17.9% to 132.1%) for waist circumference, 40.2% (8.3% to 259.4%) for percentage body fat, and 60.7% (−396.4% to 662.7%) for visceral fat mass.ConclusionsUPF consumption was positively associated with adiposity indicators, which were partially attributed to the overall diet quality. Further studies are needed to better understand the causal mechanisms of these associations.
Strain and Complexity, Passerini and Ugi Reactions of Four‐Membered Heterocycles and Further Elaboration of TOSMIC Product
Authors: Sztanó Gábor , Dobi Zoltán , Soós Tibor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStraightforward and general Passerini and Ugi procedures have been developed to incorporate four‐membered heterocycles into highly functionalized scaffolds. Additionally, toslymethyl isocyanide (TosMIC)‐derived Ugi adducts have been prepared, showcasing the prospect of the multicomponent reaction.
The relationships between dietary patterns and socioeconomic status with anthropometric and body composition indices in Iranian preschool children: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Nattagh‐Eshtivani Elyas , Pahlavani Naseh , Khosravi Maryam , Sarivi Somayeh Pourhosein , Hakkak Atieh Mehdizadeh , Maddahi Mona 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among Iranian children is on the rise. Dietary patterns (DPs) and socioeconomic status ( socioeconomic status (SES)) may relate to children's excess weight as a predictor of the risk of obesity in adulthood that may vary by geographical regions.AimThe relationship between DPs and the development of obesity in preschool children has not been adequately evaluated. The present study evaluates this relationship by considering SES.MethodsA total of 320 preschool children (4–6 years) were randomly selected from three different areas of Mashhad based on economic status. Dietary intake was evaluated using a semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire completed by the children's parents. Anthropometric and body composition variables were measured by means of valid tools and standard methods. socioeconomic status data were collected through a researcher‐made questionnaire.ResultsThree dominant DPs of ‘healthy’, ‘unhealthy’, and ‘meat‐free’ were identified using factor analysis. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the children who followed meat‐free DP was significantly higher than that of other children (p = 0.004). The means and standard deviations of energy intake, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat‐free mass, and fat mass were 1187.97 ± 356.87 Kcal/day, 16.23 ± 2.28 kg/m2, 54.28 ± 6.49 cm, 16.24 ± 2.23 kg, and 4.62 ± 2.70 kg respectively. Being in the higher levels of SES was significantly related to height (p = 0.02), energy intake (p < 0.001), BMI (p = 0.003), waist circumference (p = 004), and fat mass (p = 0.002).ConclusionsAdherence to meat‐free DP and being in the highest levels of SES may be associated with a greater chance of developing overweight and obesity. Therefore, meat consumption and SES can be used to predict childhood overweight and obesity.
Selective extraction of plant bioactive compounds with deep eutectic solvents: Iris sibirica L. as example
Authors: Karpitskiy Dmitriy A. , Bessonova Elena A. , Shishov Andrey Yu. , Kartsova Liudmila A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) are promising extractants with tuneable properties. However, there is a lack of reports about the influence of the nature of the original DES on obtaining the metabolomic profile of a plant.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of obtaining Iris sibirica L. chromatographical profiles with DESs based on various hydrogen bond donors and acceptors as extraction solvents.MethodologyDESs were prepared by mixing choline chloride or tetrabutylammonium bromide with various hydrogen bond donors and investigated for the extraction of bioactive substances from biotechnological raw materials of I. sibirica L. The obtained extracts were analysed by HPLC with diode array detector (DAD) and Q‐MS.ResultsChromatographic profiles for I. sibirica L. extracts by eight choline chloride DESs and six tetrabutylammonium DESs have been obtained. It has been found that selective recovery of bioactive substances can be achieved by varying the composition of DESs. Eleven phenolic compounds were identified in I. sibirica L. using HPLC‐MS. Phase separation was observed with acetonitrile for four DESs. New flavonoid derivatives have been found in DES extracts compared with methanol extracts.ConclusionThe results showed the possibility of DES usage for extraction without water addition. Selectivity of DESs varies depending on the chemical composition of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors. Choline chloride is a more suitable hydrogen bond acceptor for the flavonoid extraction. Choline chloride–lactic acid (1:1) DES has demonstrated a metabolic profile that was the closest to the methanol one and enhanced the extraction up to 2.6‐fold.