bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicidal Behavior and Difficulty of Patients, as Perceived by Community Mental Health Nurses
Authors: van Veen Mark , Koekkoek Bauke , Kloos Margot , Braam Arjan W. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Mental health professionals who work in community mental health services play an important role in treating patients after attempted suicide or deliberate self-injury. When such behaviors are interpreted negatively, patients may be seen as difficult, which may lead to ineffective treatment and mutual misunderstanding.

Objective:
The goal of this study was to assess the association between the grading of suicidality and perceived difficulty. We hypothesized that a higher grading of suicidality is associated with increased perceived difficulty.

Methods:
We analyzed cross-sectional data from 176 patients who participated in 2 cohort studies: 92 patients in the MATCH-cohort study and 84 patients in the Interpersonal Community Psychiatric Treatment (ICPT) study. The dependent variable was perceived difficulty, as measured by the Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire (DDPRQ) and the Difficulty Single-item (DSI), a single item measuring the difficulty of the patient as perceived by the professional. Grading of suicidality was considered as the independent variable. Multiple linear and logistic regression was performed.

Results:
We found a significant association between perceived difficulty (DDPRQ) and high gradings of suicidality (B: 3.96; SE: 1.44; β: 0.21; P=0.006), increasing age (B: 0.09; SE: 0.03; β: 0.22; P<0.003), sex (female) (B: 2.33; SE: 0.83; β: 0.20; P=0.006), and marital status (being unmarried) (B: 1.92; SE: 0.85; β: 0.17; P=0.025). A significant association was also found between the DSI and moderate (odds ratio: 3.04; 95% CI: 1.355-6.854; P=0.007) and high (odds ratio: 7.11; 95% CI: 1.8.43-24.435; P=0.005) gradings of suicidality.

Conclusion:
In this study, we found that perceived difficulty was significantly associated with moderate and high gradings of suicidality, increasing age, female sex, and being unmarried.
Audio Care for Managing Chronic Conditions: A Rapid Review
Authors: Albritton Jordan A. , Booth Graham , Kugley Shannon , Parsons Rachael , Reddy Shivani , Coker-Schwimmer Manny , Coa Kisha I. , Chase Jo-Ana D. , Fujita Miku , Crotty Karen 
Published: March 2023

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<p>We aimed to summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of audio care for managing chronic conditions (except diabetes) when used to replace in-person or video-based care or to supplement other usual care, and to assess differences for populations at risk for disparities.</p>
Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide plus doravirine in highly treatment-experienced men with multidrug-resistant HIV
Authors: Sterman Felicia L. , Lalezari Jacob P. , Kowalczyk Ula M. , Main David W. , Grant Edward M. , Caro Luzelena , Manning Cassie M. , Burke Rochelle L. 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of switching highly treatment-experienced people with HIV (HTE PWH) from rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (RPV/FTC/TAF) plus dolutegravir (DTG) to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) plus doravirine (DOR). A pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis was conducted to assess the potential interaction between BIC and DOR.

Design and methods:
This open-label switch trial enrolled HTE PWH from a primary care private practice in the United States. Eligible participants were male, aged ≥45 years, with documented viral resistance to protease inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and/or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors but no resistance to RPV or DOR, and no K65R or T69 insertion mutations. Virologic suppression (≤50 copies/ml) while on RPV/FTC/TAF plus DTG for ≥6 months was required prior to enrollment. The primary endpoint of the study was virologic suppression (<50 and <200 copies/ml) at 48 weeks. Secondary endpoints included safety, tolerability, changes in body mass index (BMI), and identification of PK parameters of BIC and DOR.

Results:
Twenty males [median age: 65 years (range, 46–74), median time since HIV diagnosis: 37 years (range, 12–42)] completed the study. BIC/FTC/TAF plus DOR was well tolerated with no serious or treatment-related adverse events reported and no appreciable changes in BMI from baseline to Week 48. At Week 48, 100% of participants had <50 viral copies/ml. PK parameters for BIC and DOR (n = 10) were consistent with published data.

Conclusions:
Switching from RPV/FTC/TAF plus DTG to BIC/FTC/TAF plus DOR was well tolerated and efficacious in HTE men aged ≥45 years with HIV.
Pulse wave velocity in early-treated children living with perinatal HIV infection is similar to uninfected children
Authors: Davies Claire , Vaida Florin , Otwombe Kennedy , Cotton Mark F. , Browne Sara H. , Innes Steve 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
HIV is associated with accelerated cardiovascular disease, due to HIV-associated metabolic abnormalities, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and HIV itself. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the noninvasive gold standard measurement of arterial stiffness, and associated with incident vascular events in adults. It is unclear if arterial stiffness is accelerated in children living with perinatal HIV (CHIV) who initiate ART early in life. We compared the longitudinal trajectory of PWV in CHIV to children unexposed to HIV. A secondary comparison compared HIV exposed uninfected children (CHEU) to unexposed children.

Methods:
Four hundred and sixty-five children (141 CHIV, 160 CHEU, 164 unexposed) previously in the children with HIV early antiretroviral therapy (ART) (CHER) and P1060 trials were followed annually at Tygerberg Children's Hospital, South Africa between 2014 and 2020. CHIV initiated ART in infancy or early childhood, with excellent ART adherence and largely sustained viral suppression. The primary outcome was PWV, measured using the Vicorder system, and evaluated using linear mixed effects models.

Results:
Median (interquartile range) age at first PWV measurement was 8.64 (7.7–9.1) years, and median follow-up time 2.9 (1.6–4.0) years. Adjusted analyses showed no significant mean difference in PWV in CHIV and CHEU compared to unexposed [CHIV: 0.101 m/s, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.012 to 0.214; CHEU: 0.068 m/s, 95% CI −0.047 to 0.183], after adjusting for gender, age, ethnicity, mean arterial pressure, resting average heart rate and family history of cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions:
Early-treated CHIV with sustained viral suppression have similar PWV to unexposed children. Excellent adherence and early ART initiation may protect against cardiovascular disease.
Postural instability in HIV infection: relation to central and peripheral nervous system markers
Authors: Sullivan Edith V. , Zahr Natalie M. , Sassoon Stephanie A. , Pohl Kilian M. , Pfefferbaum Adolf 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Determine the independent contributions of central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) metrics to balance instability in people with HIV (PWH) compared with people without HIV (PWoH).

Methods:
Volumetric MRI (CNS) and two-point pedal discrimination (PNS) were tested as substrates of stance instability measured with balance platform posturography.

Design:
125 PWH and 88 PWoH underwent balance testing and brain MRI.

Results:
The PWH exhibited stability deficits that were disproportionately greater with eyes closed than eyes open compared with PWoH. Further analyses revealed that greater postural imbalance measured as longer sway paths correlated with smaller cortical and cerebellar lobular brain volumes known to serve sensory integration; identified brain/sway path relations endured after accounting for contributions from physiological and disease factors as potential moderators; and multiple regression identified PNS and CNS metrics as independent predictors of postural instability in PWH that differed with the use of visual information to stabilize balance. With eyes closed, temporal volumes and two-point pedal discrimination were significant independent predictors of sway; with eyes open, occipital volume was an additional predictor of sway. These relations were selective to PWH and were not detected in PWoH.

Conclusion:
CNS and PNS factors were independent contributors to postural instability in PWH. Recognizing that myriad inputs must be detected by peripheral systems and brain networks to integrate sensory and musculoskeletal information for maintenance of postural stability, age- or disease-related degradation of either or both nervous systems may contribute to imbalance and liability for falls.
Closing the gaps in the continuum of depression care for persons with HIV: modeling the impact on viral suppression in the United States
Authors: Koenig Linda J. , Khurana Nidhi , Islam Md Hafizul , Gopalappa Chaitra , Farnham Paul G. 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
Depression is prevalent among persons with HIV (PWH) and is associated with poorer adherence and lack of viral load suppression (VLS). When treated for depression, PWH are more likely to stay in HIV care and adhere to medications; however, for many PWH, depression is not adequately diagnosed or treated. We adapted Progression and Transmission of HIV (PATH 3.0), a U.S. agent-based dynamic stochastic simulation model, by incorporating a continuum of depression care and estimating the impact on VLS of an enhanced depression diagnosis and care scenario (EDC).

Methods:
We compared EDC – whereby every PWH is assessed for depression, gets treatment if diagnosed, and of those, half achieve remission – to a status quo scenario (SQ) on VLS. Based on published findings, assumptions for SQ were: 34.7% depressed, 45% diagnosed, 55.3% treated and 33% of treated achieving remission. Compared to PWH without depression, we assumed the probability of being non-virally suppressed increased by 1.57 times for PWH with depression (PWH-D), and by 0.95 times for PWH with remitted depression.

Results:
There was an average increase of 14.6% (11.5–18.5) in the proportion of PWH-D who achieved VLS in EDC compared to SQ. Among all PWH, there was a 4.7% (3.4–6.0) increase in the proportion who achieved VLS in EDC compared to SQ.

Conclusions:
Fully diagnosing and adequately treating depression would improve health and quality of life for a substantial proportion of PWH-D and result in a nearly 5% increase in expected rates of VLS in the United States, supporting national prevention goals.
Mosaic chromosomal alterations detected in men living with HIV and the relationship to non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Lin Shu-Hong , Khan Sairah M. , Zhou Weiyin , Brown Derek W. , Vergara Candelaria , Wolinsky Steven M. , Martínez-Maza Otoniel , Margolick Joseph B. , Martinson Jeremy J. , Hussain Shehnaz K. , Engels Eric A. , Machiela Mitchell J. 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
People with HIV (PWH) have an elevated risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and other diseases. Studying clonal hematopoiesis (CH), the clonal expansion of mutated hematopoietic stem cells, could provide insights regarding elevated NHL risk.

Design:
Cohort analysis of participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (N = 5979).

Methods:
Mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs), a type of CH, were detected from genotyping array data using MoChA. We compared CH prevalence in men with HIV (MWH) to HIV-uninfected men using logistic regression, and among MWH, assessed the associations of CH with NHL incidence and overall mortality using Poisson regression.

Results:
Comparing MWH to HIV-uninfected men, we observed no difference in the frequency of autosomal mCAs (3.9% vs. 3.6%, P-value = 0.09) or mosaic loss of the Y chromosome (mLOY) (1.4% vs. 2.9%, P-value = 0.13). Autosomal mCAs involving copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH) of chromosome 14q were more common in MWH. Among MWH, mCAs were not associated with subsequent NHL incidence (autosomal mCA P-value = 0.65, mLOY P-value = 0.48). However, two MWH with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma had overlapping CN-LOH mCAs on chromosome 19 spanning U2AF2 (involved in RNA splicing), and one MWH with Burkitt lymphoma had high-frequency mCAs involving chromosome 1 gain and chromosome 17 CN-LOH (cell fractions 22.1% and 25.0%, respectively). mCAs were not associated with mortality among MWH (autosomal mCA P-value = 0.52, mLOY P-value = 0.93).

Conclusions:
We found limited evidence for a relationship between HIV infection and mCAs. Although mCAs were not significantly associated with NHL, mCAs detected in several NHL cases indicate a need for further investigation.
Cost of improved test and treat strategies in Indonesia
Authors: Hardiawan Donny , Juwita Mery N. , Vadra Jorghi , Prawiranegara Rozar , Mambea Indra Y. , Wisaksana Rudi , Handayani Miasari , Subronto Yanri W. , Kusmayanti Nur A. , Januraga Pande , Sukmaningrum Evi , Nurhayati  , Prameswari Helen D. , Sulaiman Nurjannah , Siregar Adiatma Y.M. 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To estimate and compare the cost of improved test and treat strategies in Indonesia under HIV Awal (Early) Testing and Treatment Indonesia (HATI) implementation trial in community-based and hospital-based clinics.

Design:
The cost and outcome [i.e. CD4+ cell count] and viral load (VL) at the beginning of interventions and their change overtime) analysis of Simplifying ART Initiation (SAI), Community-based Organization and community-based ART Service (CBO), Motivational Interviewing (MI), Oral Fluid-based Testing (OFT), and Short Message Service (SMS) reminder in community-based and hospital-based clinics in 2018–2019.

Method:
We estimated the total and unit costs per patient (under HATI implementation trial interventions) per year from societal perspective in various settings, including costs from patients’ perspective for SAI and MI. We also analyzed the outcome variables (i.e. CD4+ cell count and VL at the beginning of each intervention, the change in CD4+ cell count and VL over time, and adherence rate).

Result:
The unit cost per patient per year of SAI and SMS were lower at the community-based clinics, and more patients visited community-based clinics. The cost per patient visit from patient perspective for SAI and MI was mostly lower than 10% of the patients’ household monthly expenditure. Average CD4+ cell count was higher and average VL was lower at the start of interventions at the community-based clinics, while average CD4+ cell count and VL changes and adherence rate were similar between the two types of clinics.

Conclusion:
Community-based clinics hold the potential for scaling up the interventions as it costs less from societal perspective and showed better outcome improvement during the HATI implementation trial.
Incident diabetes in course of antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Taramasso Lucia , Squillace Nicola , Ricci Elena , Menzaghi Barbara , Orofino Giancarlo , Socio Giuseppe Vittorio De , Molteni Chiara , Martinelli Canio Vito , Madeddu Giordano , Vichi Francesca , Valsecchi Laura , Celesia Benedetto Maurizio , Maggi Paolo , Rusconi Stefano , Pellicanò Giovanni Francesco , Cascio Antonio , Sarchi Eleonora , Gulminetti Roberto , Falasca Katia , Di Biagio Antonio , Bonfanti Paolo 
Published: March 2023

Objective:Recent reports of excessive weight gain in people with HIV (PWH) have raised increasing concerns on the possible increase of diabetes mellitus (DM) risk in course of integrase inhibitors (INSTIs) treatment. In this study, we aimed at describing DM incidence in course of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and identifying the factors associated with new DM onset.Design:Observational prospective SCOLTA (Surveillance Cohort Long-Term Toxicity Antiretrovirals) cohort.Methods:All people enrolled in SCOLTA between January 2003 and November 2021 were included. Multivariable Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident DM.Results:4366 PWH were included, 72.6% male, with mean age 45.6 years, and median CD4+460 [interquartile range (IQR) 256–710] cells/mm3cells/mm3. During the follow up, 120 incident cases of DM occurred (1.26 cases/100 person year-follow up, 95% CI 1.05–1.50).Baseline weight, but not the amount of weight gain, resulted significantly correlated to diabetes incidence (aHR by 1 kg 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.04), as well as older age (aHR 1.03 by 1 year; 95% CI 1.01–1.06), being ART-experienced with detectable HIV RNA at study entry (aHR 2.27, 95% CI 1.48–3.49), having untreated high blood pressure (aHR 2.90; 95% CI 1.30–6.45) and baseline blood glucose >100 mg/dl (aHR 5.47; 95% CI 3.82–7.85). Neither the INSTI class nor individual antiretrovirals were associated with an increased risk of DM.Conclusions:Baseline weight, but not weight gain or the ART class, was associated with incident DM in this observational cohort.
Characteristic Muscular FDG Uptake Patterns Related to the Transportation Means Used by Patients to Visit the Hospital
Authors: Okuyama Chio , Kusano Kuninori , Ito Miki , Takase Akiko , Goda Sayaka , Kagawa Shinya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is well-known that physiological FDG uptake in the skeletal muscles is affected by serum insulin levels and the extent to which the muscles contract before the examination. Patients are instructed to refrain from strenuous exercise, talking too much, and taking meals at least 4 hours before the administration of the tracer. Even if the patient does not intend to exercise, muscular accumulation related to specific behaviors can still be visualized in the images. In this manuscript, we present FDG PET/CT images from 4 cases reflecting the mode of transportation used by the patients to visit the hospital.
Efficacy of Prolonged-release Tacrolimus After Conversion From Immediate-release Tacrolimus in Kidney Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis of Long-term Outcomes From the ADMIRAD Study
Authors: Kuypers Dirk , Weekers Laurent , Blogg Martin , Anaokar Swapneel , del Pilar Repetur Carola , De Meyer Vicky , Kanaan Nada 
Published: March 2023

Background.
Prolonged-release tacrolimus (PRT) may offer improved outcomes after kidney transplantation compared with immediate-release tacrolimus (IRT). However, data on outcomes beyond 5-y posttransplantation are lacking.

Methods.
A retrospective, noninterventional chart review study examined long-term graft survival in adult kidney transplant participants in the Adherence Measurement in Stable Renal Transplant Patients Following Conversion From Prograf to Advagraf (ADMIRAD) clinical trial at 4 Belgian sites. Patients were randomized to receive once-daily PRT or twice-daily IRT for 6 mo, followed by treatment as per real-world clinical practice. Data were collected retrospectively from randomization day until December 31, 2018. Primary endpoints included efficacy failure, defined as a composite endpoint of graft loss, biopsy-confirmed acute rejection, and graft dysfunction. Secondary endpoints included overall patient survival and course of kidney function.

Results.
This analysis included 78.5% of patients from ADMIRAD (n = 108 PRT; n = 64 IRT). The Kaplan–Meier survival rate without efficacy failure from randomization to year 5 was 0.741 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.647, 0.813) for the PRT group (n = 80), and 0.667 (95% CI: 0.536, 0.768) for the IRT group (n = 42) and remained higher for PRT throughout 10 y follow-up (P = 0.041). The Kaplan–Meier estimate of overall survival from the time of last transplant was 0.981 (95% CI: 0.928, 0.995) and 0.880 (95% CI: 0.802, 0.928) at 5 and 10 y in the PRT group. Kidney function parameters and tacrolimus trough levels remained stable over the follow-up period.

Conclusions.
Patients in the ADMIRAD study who received PRT for up to 10 y had improved long-term outcomes compared with patients receiving IRT, with a consistent effect on both graft and patient survival.
Changes in Environmental Stress over COVID-19 Pandemic Likely Contributed to Failure to Replicate Adiposity Phenotype Associated withKrtcap3
Authors: Szalanczy Alexandria M , Giorgio Gina , Goff Emily , Seshie Osborne , Grzybowski Michael , Klotz Jason , Geurts Aron M , Redei Eva E , Solberg Woods Leah C 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe previously identifiedKeratinocyte-associated protein 3, Krtcap3,as an obesity-related gene in female rats where a whole-bodyKrtcap3knock-out (KO) led to increased adiposity compared to wild-type (WT) controls when fed a high-fat diet (HFD). We sought to replicate this work to better understand the function ofKrtcap3but were unable to reproduce the adiposity phenotype. In the current work, WT female rats ate more compared to WT in the prior study, with corresponding increases in body weight and fat mass, while there were no changes in these measures in KO females between the studies. The prior study was conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic, while the current study started after initial lock-down orders and was completed during the pandemic with a generally less stressful environment. We hypothesize that the environmental changes impacted stress levels and may explain the failure to replicate our results. Analysis of corticosterone (CORT) at euthanasia showed a significant study by genotype interaction where WT had significantly higher CORT relative to KO in Study 1, with no differences in Study 2. These data suggest that decreasingKrtcap3expression may alter the environmental stress response to influence adiposity. We also found that KO rats in both studies, but not WT, experienced a dramatic increase in CORT after their cage mate was removed, suggesting a separate connection to social behavioral stress. Future work is necessary to confirm and elucidate the finer mechanisms of these relationships, but these data indicate the possibility ofKrtcap3as a novel stress gene.
Electrophysiological signatures of temporal context in the bisection task
Authors: Baykan Cemre , Zhu Xiuna , Zinchenko Artyom , Müller Hermann J. , Shi Zhuanghua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite relatively accurate time judgment, subjective time is susceptible to various contexts, such as sample spacing and frequency. Several electroencephalographic (EEG) components have been linked to timing, including the contingent negative variation (CNV), offset P2, and late positive component of timing (LPCt). However, the specific role of these components in the contextual modulation of perceived time remains unclear. In this study, we conducted two temporal bisection experiments, where participants had to judge if a test duration was close to a short or long standard. Unbeknownst to participants, the sample spacing (Experiment 1) and frequency (Experiment 2) were altered to create short and long contexts while keeping the test range and standards the same in different sessions. The results showed that the bisection threshold shifted toward the ensemble mean and that CNV and LPCt were sensitive to context modulation. Compared to the long context, the CNV climbing rate increased in the short context, and the amplitude and latency of the LPCt were reduced. These findings suggest the CNV represents an expectancy wave for upcoming decision-making, while LPCt reflects the decision-making process, both influenced by the temporal context.