bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in antibiotic selection pressure generated in primary care and their association with sentinel antimicrobial resistance patterns in Europe
Authors: Sijbom Martijn , Büchner Frederike L , Saadah Nicholas H , Numans Mattijs E , De Boer Mark G J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We studied trends in antibiotic prescribing by primary care and assessed the associations between generated antibiotic selection pressure (ASP) and the prevalence of sentinel drug-resistant microorganisms (SDRMs).

Methods
The volume of antibiotic prescribing in primary and hospital care expressed in DDD/1000 inhabitants per day and the prevalences of SDRMs in European countries where GPs act as gatekeepers were obtained from the European Centre for Disease Control ESAC-NET. Associations were tested between (i) DDD and (ii) the Antibiotic Spectrum Index (ASI) as a proxy indicator for ASP, and the prevalences of three SDRMs: MRSA, MDR Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to macrolides.

Results
Fourteen European countries were included. Italy, Poland and Spain had the highest prevalence of SDRMs and prescribed the highest volume of antibiotics in primary care (average 17 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day), approximately twice that of countries with the lowest volumes. Moreover, the ASIs of these high antibiotic volume countries were approximately three times higher than those of the low-volume countries. Cumulative ASI showed the strongest association with a country’s prevalence of SDRMs. The cumulative ASI generated from primary care was about four to five times higher than the cumulative ASI generated by hospital care.

Conclusions
Prevalences of SDRMs are associated with the volume of antimicrobial prescribing and in particular broad-spectrum antibiotics in European countries where GPs act as gatekeepers. The impact of ASP generated from primary care on increasing antimicrobial resistance may be much larger than currently assumed.
Regional Burn Review: Neither Parkland Nor Brooke Formulas Reach 85% Accuracy Mark for Burn Resuscitation
Authors: Dahl Rachel , Galet Colette , Lilienthal Michele , Dwars Brooke , Wibbenmeyer Lucy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Prolonged resuscitation can result in burn wound conversion and other complications. Our team switched from using Parkland formula (PF) to the modified Brooke formula (BF) in January 2020. Secondary to difficult resuscitations using BF, we sought to review our data to identify factors associated with resuscitation requiring greater than predicted resuscitation with either formula, defined as 25% or more of predicted, hereafter referred to as over-resuscitation. Patients admitted to the burn unit between January 1, 2019 and August 29, 2021 for a burn injury with a percentage of total body surface area (%TBSA) ≥15% were included. Subjects &lt;18 years, or weighing &lt;30 kg, and those who died or had care withdrawn within 24 hours of admission were excluded. Demographics, injury information, and resuscitation information were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with over-resuscitation by either formula. P &lt; .05 was considered significant. Sixty-four patients were included; 27 were resuscitated using BF and 37 using PF. No significant differences were observed in demographics and burn injury between the groups. Patients required a median of 3.59 ml/kg/%TBSA for BF and 3.99 ml/kg/%TBSA for PF to reach maintenance (P = .32). Over-resuscitation was more likely to occur when using BF compared to PF (59.3% vs 32.4%, P = .043). Over-resuscitation was associated with longer time to reach maintenance (OR = 1.179 [1.042–1.333], P = .009) and arrival via ground transportation (OR = 10.523 [1.171–94.597], P = .036). Future studies are warranted to identify populations in which BF under-performs and sequelae associated with prolonged resuscitation.
When Safe-Haven Asset Is Less than a Safe-Haven Play
Authors: Li Leon , Chen Carl R 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We propose a four-state regime-switching model that pairs low-volatility and high-volatility (HV) states to test eight stock–safe-haven asset portfolios’ risk properties. We find the correlations between gold, U.S. T-bond, and the Swiss franc and stock markets are negative or zero in all states, including the HV–HV state, while the correlations between Bitcoin (BTC) and stock markets are positive in the HV–HV state, implying that gold, T-bond, and the Swiss franc are full safe-havens and BTC is a partial safe-haven asset. Moreover, our model is effective in portfolio construction, performing better than conventional time-varying generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity-based models.
Mitoribosome sensitivity to HSP70 inhibition uncovers metabolic liabilities of castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Echtenkamp Frank J , Ishida Ryo , Rivera-Marquez Genesis M , Maisiak Marisa , Johnson Oleta T , Shrimp Jonathan H , Sinha Arnav , Ralph Stephen John , Nisbet Ian , Cherukuri Murali Krishna , Gestwicki Jason E , Neckers Leonard M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The androgen receptor is a key regulator of prostate cancer and the principal target of current prostate cancer therapies collectively termed androgen deprivation therapies. Insensitivity to these drugs is a hallmark of progression to a terminal disease state termed castration-resistant prostate cancer. Therefore, novel therapeutic options that slow progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer and combine effectively with existing agents are in urgent need. We show that JG-98, an allosteric inhibitor of HSP70, re-sensitizes castration-resistant prostate cancer to androgen deprivation drugs by targeting mitochondrial HSP70 (HSPA9) to suppress aerobic respiration. Rather than impacting androgen receptor stability as previously described, JG-98's primary effect is inhibition of mitochondrial translation, leading to disruption of electron transport chain activity. Although functionally distinct from HSPA9 inhibition, direct inhibition of the electron transport chain with a complex I or II inhibitor creates a similar physiological state capable of re-sensitizing castration-resistant prostate cancer to androgen deprivation therapies. These data identify a significant role for HspA9 in mitochondrial ribosome function and highlight an actionable metabolic vulnerability of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Anti-cancer effect of Cissus quadrangularis on human glioblastoma cells
Authors: Cheng Benxu , Wei Yunlin , Guerra Lili , Shirvani-Arani Rozena , Balderas Santiago , Valdez Laura , Tsin Andrew , Fang Xiaoqian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common and fatal brain tumour in the central nervous system with a poor survival rate and a median survival time of 15 months only. The standard treatment is aggressive surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, effective drugs available in chemotherapy are limited. This study was designed to evaluate, for the first time, the potential therapeutic effect of Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) in human glioblastoma cells and to investigate its possible mechanisms of action.

Methods
In this study, we examined the anticancer activity of CQ in human glioblastoma U87 MG cells by cell viability assay, cell migration assay, immunofluorescence staining and Western blot.

Results
Our results demonstrated that CQ treatment induced U87 cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest and cell death. The cytotoxicity of CQ mediates ER stress, autophagy and mitochondrial apoptosis by suppressing pro-survival signalling pathways (extracellular signal-regulated kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathways).

Conclusions
The findings of this study imply that CQ is a promising anti-cancer candidate for the treatment of GBM.
The presentation delay and differences of symptoms manifestation in Myocardial Infarction patients with and without Diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Raveena  , Naqvi Syed Z. A. , Sangam  , Surksha Marvi A. , Kumar Ashesh , Punshi Vines K. , Rai Saroop Kumar A. R. , Memon Noor-E-H. , Berza Qammer , Hasan Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Patients with diabetes have a higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aims to evaluate the effect of diabetes on the symptoms and the delay it causes in seeking medical treatment.

Methodology:
This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2022, in three major tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. Patients falling in the inclusion criteria included those who were diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and those that were clinically stable and answered the questions within 48 h of admission to the hospital with or without the help of their family members. The association of the demographic variables, symptoms, presentation delay, and distance from the hospital was determined between the diabetics and the nondiabetics using the χ
2-test. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant

Results:
Among the patients with diabetes, 147 (90.7%) were smokers, 148 (91.4%) had a history of hypertension, 102 (63.0%) had a history of ischemic heart disease, and 96 (59.3%) patient’s family history is significant for CAD. The higher educational level, smoking, hypertension, history of ischemic heart disease, and family history of CAD were found to be significantly related to diabetes with a P-value of less than 0.05. Patients with diabetes did not believe they have myocardial infarction was the most common cause of delay.

Conclusion:
The findings of our study conclude that diabetes significantly causes a delay in myocardial infarction patients seeking medical help as compared to nondiabetics.
Emerging IT investments and firm performance: a perspective of the digital options
Authors: Sun Jie , Jiao Hao 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the mediating effect of digital options on the relationship between emerging information technology investments (ITIs) and firm performance (FP). In particular, it analyses the performance impacts of investments in five emerging technologies of IT or non-IT firms.

Design/methodology/approach
Secondary data are collected from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2018. The authors propose an econometric model focusing on the impact of ITIs on a firm’s market value and profit. A propensity score matching model is applied to control endogeneity.

Findings
The ITIs’ effect on FP is found to be completely mediated by digital options, and the reach of digital options plays a more positive role in the relationship between ITIs and Tobin’s Q, whereas the richness of digital options is stronger between ITIs and return on net assets (ROE). The group study shows that the impact of process technologies such as cloud computing and the Internet of Things has a more profound impact on Tobin’s Q, and the knowledge technologies represented by artificial intelligence, blockchain and big data strongly affect ROE. In addition, the positive relationship between ITIs and FP is unrelated to IT/non-IT firms.

Research limitations/implications
First, the data are based on 219 publicly announced emerging ITIs in China and thus may not be generalizable to other cultural/national contexts. Second, there is a lack of a large sample data set of emerging ITI information in China, and the duration of this study is constrained to the relatively short rise of emerging technologies.

Practical implications
This study provides firm decision-makers with practical implications. The results imply that the effect of ITIs on FP depends on digital options, so both IT firms (e.g., Big Tech giants) and non-IT firms (e.g., incumbents) should discover how to balance firm value and profit in their management of emerging technology investment projects with digital options thinking.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study to investigate the relationship between ITIs and FP from the perspective of digital options, exploring five emerging technologies and considering firm life, size, and state ownership in a sample of Chinese listed firms.
Comovement of stock markets pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic: a study of Asian markets
Authors: Verma Reetika 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe study aims is to explore the cointegration level among major Asian stock indices from pre- COVID-19 to post COVID-19 times.Design/methodology/approachJohansen cointegration test is employed to know the long run relationship among the stock market indices of Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Korea, India, Japan, China, Taiwan, Israel and South Korea. The empirical testing was done to analyze whether any significant change has been induced by the COVID-19 pandemic on the cointegrating relationship of the selected markets or not. Through statistics of trace test and maximum eigen value, total number of cointegrating equations present among all the indices during different study periods were analyzed.FindingsThe presence of cointegration was found during all the sample periods and the findings suggests that the selected stock markets are associated with each other in general. During COVID-19 crisis period the cointegration level was reduced and again it regained its original level in the next year and again reduced in the subsequent next year. So, the cointegrating relationship among selected stock market indices remains dynamic and no evidence of impact of COVID-19 on this dynamism was found.Originality/valueThe study has explored the level of cointegration among the major stock indices of Asian nations in the pre, during, post-crisis and the most recent periods. The interconnectedness of the stock markets during the COVID-19 times has been compared with similar periods in different years immediately preceding and succeeding the COVID-19 times which has not been done in any of the existing study.
Implications of social media technologies (SMTs) to library services
Authors: Oyetola Solomon Olusegun , Aderibigbe Nurudeen Adeniyi , Oladokun Bolaji David 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
Academic libraries may become obsolete in the twenty-first century unless they begin to harness new technology and improve information and service delivery. This paper aims to examine the emergence of social media technologies (SMTs) with their implications to academic library services in developing countries in the world. It is believed that a growing number of libraries of all types are starting to use SMTs to enhance their service delivery, similar to other institutions.

Design/methodology/approach
The research, which was conducted on a desk, examined how the implementation of SMTs may affect library services and operations. The study emphasizes that many academic libraries in developing countries have not yet adopted and implemented SMTs despite the potential that they hold for libraries.

Findings
Given that there has been relatively little study linking SMTs to librarianship, this may be because there is a low degree of awareness of SMTs’ importance in libraries. This study discovered that there are other types of SMTs relevant to academic libraries including Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Blog among others. This paper reported the implications of SMTs to library services in developing countries.

Originality/value
This study is the original idea from the authors and does not reflect on any copyrighted materials. The study recommended among others that sufficient training and more expertise need to be gained by academic libraries to further facilitate implementation of social networks in the libraries, and adoption of contemporary media technologies such as social media in meeting the needs of the 21st-century library patrons should be prioritized.
Virtual reality in digital marketing: research agenda based on bibliometric reflection
Authors: Zaki Hafizah Omar , Fernandez Dahlia , Dastane Omkar , Aman Aini , Sanusi Soliha 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study unravels the intellectual structure of virtual reality (VR) in digital marketing (DM) research, identifies core research gaps and presents future research avenues. The study also conducts a performance analysis of publications in the field and identifies the most important stakeholders of the stated topic.Design/methodology/approachThe Web of Science database was used to retrieve the publications that were relevant to the topic between 2012 and 2022. Biblioshiny, a shiny app for the Bibliometrix R package, is used to conduct a bibliometric analysis by decoding the results into several visual representations.FindingsThis report includes the most prolific contributors, keyword analysis results, productive nations, authors and connections, as well as the most often cited publications on VR in DM. In DM research, numerous perspectives on VR were looked at, explored and revealed.Practical implicationsThe findings provide a new perspective and understanding of the issue for researchers in order to improve their research insights in the field. This study will also benefit marketing practitioners in ensuring the sustainability and innovativeness of technology used to run their DM campaigns.Originality/valueThis research provides the first bibliometric analysis of the citation works and productivity in the field of VR in DM using Biblioshiny, identifies core research gaps and provides future research agenda which can be useful to advance the research understanding in this context.
The impact of obesity on lung function measurements and respiratory disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Jiayan , Xu Hanfei , Cupples L Adrienne , O’ Connor George T. , Liu Ching‐Ti 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionObservational studies have shown that body mass index (BMI) and waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR) are both inversely associated with lung function, as assessed by forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). However, observational data are susceptible to confounding and reverse causation.MethodsWe selected genetic instruments based on their relevant large‐scale genome‐wide association studies. Summary statistics of lung function and asthma came from the UK Biobank and SpiroMeta Consortium meta‐analysis (n = 400,102). After examining pleiotropy and removing outliers, we applied inverse‐variance weighting to estimate the causal association of BMI and BMI‐adjusted WHR (WHRadjBMI) with FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and asthma. Sensitivity analyses were performed using weighted median, MR‐Egger, and MRlap methods.ResultsWe found that BMI was inversely associated with FVC (effect estimate, −0.167; 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.203 to −0.130) and FEV1 (effect estimate, −0.111; 95%CI, −0.149 to −0.074). Higher BMI was associated with higher FEV1/FVC (effect estimate, 0.079; 95%CI, 0.049 to 0.110) but was not significantly associated with asthma. WHRadjBMI was inversely associated with FVC (effect estimate, −0.132; 95%CI, −0.180 to −0.084) but has no significant association with FEV1. Higher WHR was associated with higher FEV1/FVC (effect estimate, 0.181; 95%CI, 0.130 to 0.232) and with increased risk of asthma (effect estimate, 0.027; 95%CI, 0.001 to 0.053).ConclusionWe found significant evidence that increased BMI is suggested to be causally related to decreased FVC and FEV1, and increased BMI‐adjusted WHR could lead to lower FVC value and higher risk of asthma. Higher BMI and BMI‐adjusted WHR were suggested to be causally associated with higher FEV1/FVC.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling to inform combination dosing regimens of ceftaroline and daptomycin in special populations
Authors: Martins Frederico Severino , Martins José Eduardo Severino , Severino Patricia , Annaert Pieter , Sy Sherwin K. B. 
Published: April 2023

AimsThe combination of daptomycin and ceftaroline used as salvage therapy is associated with higher survival and decreased clinical failure in complicated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections that are resistant to standard MRSA treatment. This study aimed to evaluate dosing regimens for coadministration of daptomycin and ceftaroline in special populations including paediatrics, renally impaired (RI), obese and geriatrics that generate sufficient coverage against daptomycin‐resistant MRSA.MethodsPhysiologically based pharmacokinetic models were developed from pharmacokinetic studies of healthy adults, geriatric, paediatric, obese and RI patients. The predicted profiles were used to evaluate joint probability of target attainment (PTA), as well as tissue‐to‐plasma ratios.ResultsThe adult dosing regimens of 6 mg/kg every (q)24h or q48h daptomycin and 300–600 mg q12h ceftaroline fosamil by RI categories achieved ≥90% joint PTA when the minimum inhibitory concentrations in the combination are at or below 1 and 4 μg/mL against MRSA. In paediatrics, wherein there is no recommended daptomycin dosing regimen for S. aureus bacteraemia, ≥90% joint PTA is achieved when the minimum inhibitory concentrations in the combination are up to 0.5 and 2 μg/mL for standard paediatric dosing regimens of 7 mg/kg q24h daptomycin and 12 mg/kg q8h ceftaroline fosamil. Model predicted tissue‐to‐plasma ratios of 0.3 and 0.7 in the skin and lung, respectively, for ceftaroline and 0.8 in the skin for daptomycin.ConclusionOur work illustrates how physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling can inform appropriate dosing of adult and paediatric patients and thereby enable prediction of target attainment in the patients during multitherapies.
Antinuclear antibodies in childhood immune thrombocytopaenia: An increased risk for development of autoimmune disorders?
Authors: Kapur Rick 
Published: April 2023

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) have been detected in children with primary immune thrombocytopaenia (ITP), but the effect of ANA titres on clinical outcomes is unclear. Liu et al. retrospectively analysed a cohort of 324 children with primary ITP with a median follow‐up time of 25 months and found that patients with high‐ANA titres (≥1:160) had lower platelet counts at the onset with a higher subsequent platelet count recovery rate, and additionally were at an increased risk to develop autoimmune disease. These data highlight the possible predictive potential of ANA titres with respect to platelet counts and the development of autoimmunity in children with primary ITP.Commentary on: Liu, et al. The effect of antinuclear antibody titre and its variation on outcomes in children with primary immune thrombocytopaenia. Br J Haematol 2023;202:412‐421.