bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing variables for contingency management among infant caregivers using a simulated purchase task
Authors: Day‐Watkins Jessica , Vladescu Jason C. , Reed Derek D. , Kaplan Brent , Graham Madison , Schnell‐Peskin Lauren K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBehavioral economics offers a framework for understanding choice making around public health concerns such as drug use and distracted driving. Such a framework could be beneficial to understanding caregiver choices related to arranging an infant sleep environment. Nonadherence to infant sleep safety guidelines provided by the American Academy of Pediatrics increases the risk of sleep‐related infant deaths. The present study adopted a willingness‐to‐accept purchase task procedure, used in previous research to evaluate variables that predict abstaining from consuming alcohol, to evaluate intention to adhere to recommendations for arranging a safe infant sleep environment. This analysis would inform contingency management incentive scales used to measure caregiver adherence following training caregivers to arrange an infant sleep environment and identify variables that might predict treatment engagement. The results identified incentive sizes, condition duration, and participant variables that predict caregiver adherence. The results can be applied to future investigations that train caregivers to arrange an infant sleep environment.
Assessing the impacts of stakeholder involvement in long‐term agricultural experiments via a case study in the upper US Midwest
Authors: Guo Tian , Marquart‐Pyatt Sandra , Ulbrich Tayler , Doll Julie E. , Wilke Brook , Robertson G. Philip 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAgricultural researchers are increasingly encouraged to engage with stakeholders to improve the usefulness of their projects, but iterative research on the design and assessment of stakeholder engagement is scarce. The USDA Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) Network recognizes the importance of effective engagement in increasing the utility of information and technologies for future agriculture. Diverse stakeholders and researchers at the Kellogg Biological Station (KBS) LTAR site co‐designed the KBS LTAR Aspirational Cropping System Experiment, a process that provides a testing ground and interdisciplinary collaborations to develop theory‐driven assessment protocols for continuous stakeholder engagement. Informed by prior work, we designed an assessment protocol that aims to measure participant preferences, experiences, and perceived benefits at various stages of this long‐term project. Two online surveys were conducted in 2021 and 2022 among participants of LTAR engagement events at KBS, using a pre‐post design, resulting in 125 total responses. Survey respondents had positive perceptions of the collaboratively designed research experiment. They had a strong expectation that the research would generate conservation and environmental advances while also informing policy and programs. Respondents also indicated a desire to network with other stakeholders. The research team noted the significant role of a long‐term stakeholder engagement specialist in inviting participants from diverse backgrounds and creating an open and engaging experience. Overall, results highlight an interdisciplinary path of intentional and iterative engagement and evaluation to build a program that is adaptive and responsive to stakeholder needs.
T3P‐Promoted Synthesis of a Series of Novel 3‐Aryl‐2‐phenyl‐2,3,5,6‐tetrahydro‐4H‐1,3‐thiazin‐4‐ones
Authors: Silverberg Lee J. , Mal Tapas , Lagalante Anthony , Olsen Mark , Fleming Michael , Garcia Tracy , Gavalis Aloura , Gonzalez Kyanna , Gregory Casey , Hackenberg Laine , Lawler Madeline , Li Eddie , Louca Evelyn , Mack Shaheem , Perhonitch Kristen , Shaffer Kelsey , Thompson Carter , Tran Sarah , Vidal Evan , Vidal Ryan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA series of 12 novel 3‐aryl‐2‐phenyl‐2,3,5,6‐tetrahydro‐4H‐1,3‐thiazin‐4‐ones was prepared at room temperature by T3P‐mediated cyclization of C‐phenyl‐N‐aryl imines with 3‐mercaptopropionic acid. Both electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating substituents were used. All substituents were successful, including p‐nitro. Some reactions were run as 3‐component reactions, forming the imine in situ. The reactions were operationally simple and gave yields as high as 79%. An example was also done where a p‐nitro group was on both the C‐aryl and the N‐aryl. This provides ready access to N‐aryl compounds in this family, which have been generally difficult to prepare.
Visualizing Preosteoarthritis: Updates on UTE‐Based Compositional MRI and Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Sun Dong , Wu Gang , Zhang Wei , Gharaibeh Nadeer M. , Li Xiaoming 
Published: January 2025

Osteoarthritis (OA) is heterogeneous and involves structural changes in the whole joint, such as cartilage, meniscus/labrum, ligaments, and tendons, mainly with short T2 relaxation times. Detecting OA before the onset of irreversible changes is crucial for early proactive management and limit growing disease burden. The more recent advanced quantitative imaging techniques and deep learning (DL) algorithms in musculoskeletal imaging have shown great potential for visualizing “pre‐OA.” In this review, we first focus on ultrashort echo time‐based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques for direct visualization as well as quantitative morphological and compositional assessment of both short‐ and long‐T2 musculoskeletal tissues, and second explore how DL revolutionize the way of MRI analysis (eg, automatic tissue segmentation and extraction of quantitative image biomarkers) and the classification, prediction, and management of OA.Plain Language SummaryDetecting osteoarthritis (OA) before the onset of irreversible changes is crucial for early proactive management. OA is heterogeneous and involves structural changes in the whole joint, such as cartilage, meniscus/labrum, ligaments, and tendons, mainly with short T2 relaxation times. Ultrashort echo time‐based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in particular, enables direct visualization and quantitative compositional assessment of short‐T2 tissues. Deep learning is revolutionizing the way of MRI analysis (eg, automatic tissue segmentation and extraction of quantitative image biomarkers) and the detection, classification, and prediction of disease. They together have made further advances toward identification of imaging biomarkers/features for pre‐OA.Level of Evidence5Technical EfficacyStage 2
Assessing Precipitation Trends Between 1960 and 2021 Using Multiple Trend Indexes in the GOIÁS State and Federal District, Brazil
Authors: Battisti Rafael , Dapper Felipe Puff , da Silva Ayramanna Carlos Souza , Mesquita Marcio , da Silva Marcos Vinícius , Andrade Rafaella Resende , Lopes Arthur Gabriel Caldas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTClimate change is reshaping the global climate patterns with varying effects, necessitating a thorough analysis of historical precipitation trends. This study aimed to assess precipitation trends over 60 years in Goiás State and the Federal District of Brazil using data from 21 precipitation gauges maintained by the National Water and Basic Sanitation Agency of Brazil. The Mann–Kendall test was applied to evaluate the precipitation trend significance (α = 5%) from 1960 to 2021, and Sen's slope was applied for trend magnitude. The Standardised Anomaly Index (SAI), Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) and Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) were used. The region had a mean (max‐min) annual precipitation of 1462 (2007–915) mm, concentrated between October and April. The Mann–Kendall test showed that 76% of sites had a significant reduction in rainfall, with Sen's slope reaching −60.42 mm decade−1. Only Goiânia showed a positive trend of 1.15 mm decade−1, but with no significant trend at 5% by the Mann–Kendall test. The results indicate that precipitation decreases in September, October and spring. The RAI and SAI highlighted rainfall reduction in October, moving to drier classes, whereas the other months remained stable. The SPI showed a decreasing trend at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months, whereas no significant trend was observed at 1 month. The SPI for 12 and 24 months showed intensification of drier classes in the recent period (2011–2021). The results indicated consistent rainfall reduction over the region, mainly in September, October and summer. Furthermore, the SPI indicated meteorological droughts of low intensity and increased hydrological droughts. This has wide‐ranging implications, particularly for groundwater reservoirs, affecting urban areas, hydroelectric power generation and irrigation systems, increasing conflict and requiring an urgent plan for water use.
Diagnostic Performance of O‐RADS US (Version 2019 and Version 2022) Incorporating Acoustic Shadowing by Junior Radiologists
Authors: Wu CuiYi , Wu LiHong , Shang JianHong , Xie HongNing , Peng Ruan 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAcoustic shadowing is an important benign ultrasound (US) feature for adnexal masses (AMs). To validate the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement of the 2019 version and 2022 version of Ovarian‐Adnexal Reporting and Data System Ultrasound (O‐RADS US) and ascertain whether adding acoustic shadowing to O‐RADS US v2019 as a benign ultrasound feature can enhance its diagnostic efficacy among junior radiologist.MethodsThis retrospective study included consecutive women with suspected adnexal masses who underwent ultrasound examinations between September 2022 and January 2024. One junior doctor (Reader 1, 2 years of experience) classified each AM according to the O‐RADS US v2019 and the v2022. Lesions were reclassified according to the US features of acoustic shadowing based on the O‐RADS US v2019: the O‐RADS category was downgraded by one level with acoustic shadowing and remained unchanged without acoustic shadowing for categories 2–5. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the two versions of O‐RADS and the modified O‐RADS model. Two independent junior radiologists (Reader 1 and Reader 2 with 3 years of experience) then classified the 200 AMs randomly selected for a test–retest analysis. Kappa (к) statistics were used to assess the interobserver agreement.ResultsOverall, 1015 women (range, 16–86 years) with 1061 AMs were evaluated. Of the lesions, 864 (81.4%) were benign and 197 (18.6%) were malignant. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for O‐RADS v2019 and v2022 were 0.920 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.902, 0.936, P < .001) and 0.924 (95% CI: 0.906, 0.939, P < .001), respectively. The modified model based on O‐RADS v2019 incorporating acoustic shadowing as a benign US feature showed an improved AUC of 0.934 (95% CI: 0.917, 0.948, P < .001). A significant difference was observed between the AUCs of the modified O‐RADS and two versions of O‐RADS models (P < .005). The inclusion of acoustic shadowing increased specificity by 5.4% in predicting malignant adnexal masses, compared with the O‐RADS US v2019 with a specificity of 76.2%. Using the modified O‐RADS category 4 as the optimal cut‐off value for predicting malignancy showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 94.4% (95% CI: 90.2%, 97.2%), 81.6% (95% CI: 78.8%, 84.1%), 53.9% (95% CI: 50.3%, 57.5%), and 98.5% (95% CI: 97.3%, 99.1%), respectively. The inter‐observer agreement in the O‐RADS category between these two junior radiologists was good (κ = 0.74, P < .001).ConclusionWe validated the excellent performance of the Ovarian‐Adnexal Reporting and Data system Ultrasound for diagnosing adnexal masses, and the inclusion of acoustic shadowing increased specificity by 5.4% in predicting malignant adnexal masses, compared with the O‐RADS US v2019 with the specificity of 76.2%.
Fractional CO2 Laser and Minoxidil in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata, A Comparative Study
Authors: Elhawary Esraa Elsayed , Abdelnaby Naeim Mohamed , Rezk Ghada Fawzy , Qandil Asmaa Mohamed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlopecia areata (AA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the hair follicles and sometimes the nails. It usually presents as a single or multiple patches of hair loss on the scalp, but any hair‐bearing skin can be involved. AA treatment depends on the severity and extent of the disease.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of combined fractional CO2 (FCO2) laser with topical minoxidil 5% solution versus topical minoxidil 5% solution alone in the treatment of AA.Patients and MethodsThe study included 150 patients with AA. The patients were collected from outpatient clinics of the Dermatology and Venerology Department, Tanta University Hospitals. Patients were divided into three groups; 60 patients were treated with topical minoxidil 5% solution, 60 patients were treated with FCO2 laser combined with topical minoxidil 5% solution, and the third group of 30 patients represented the control group treated with topical saline.ResultsCompared to the placebo group, there was a statistically significant improvement in hair growth in the combination group and minoxidil group. In the combination group, 80% of patients showed excellent improvement, 13.3% of patients showed very good improvement, and 6.7% of patients showed good improvement. In the minoxidil group, 53% of patients showed excellent improvement, 40% of patients showed very good improvement, and 6.7% of patients showed good improvement after 3 months of therapy. Side effects were minimal and transient in both groups.ConclusionTopical minoxidil 5% solution either alone or in combination with FCO2 laser could be considered a safe and tolerable method for AA treatment.
First Clinical Feasibility and Safety Study of a Novel Multimodality Fallopian Tube Imaging Endoscope
Authors: Rocha Andrew D. , Long Dilara J. , Drake William K. , Galvez Dominique B. , Rice Photini F. , Reed Mary N. , Heusinkveld John M. , Barton Jennifer K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTStudy ObjectiveWe present the results of the first feasibility and safety study of a novel multi‐modality falloposcope, in 19 volunteers. The falloposcope incorporated multispectral fluorescence imaging (MFI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for evaluation of the fallopian tubes (FT).MethodsNineteen females undergoing elective salpingectomy were recruited in this IRB‐approved study. During a 15‐min pause in standard of care surgery, a novel falloposcope was inserted under hysteroscopic guidance and advanced into the FTs. The furthest cannulated segment (proximal, middle, distal) was noted, and acquisition of MFI and OCT images was attempted at each segment in a retrograde fashion. Surgical discard samples from each segment of both FTs were obtained per pathology discretion for ex vivo imaging. All samples were processed for histology to evaluate any device‐related injury.ResultsThe falloposcope was inserted into the FTs of 12 patients and successfully cannulated the entire length of the tube to the distal segment in one‐third (4/12) of attempts. OCT and/or MFI images were obtained of all but one cannulated FT. Cannulation failure was attributed to proximal anatomy or obstruction, tortuosity of the FT, and limited study time. There were no adverse events related to the falloposcopy procedure. Focal epithelial cell denudation in the proximal segments of three patients, without no stromal involvement, was observed by histological examination. OCT images acquired in vivo showed characteristic tissue microstructures but were more susceptible to artifacts compared to ex vivo images.ConclusionsThe results of this first‐in‐human study suggest that falloposcopy with a novel multimodality imaging endoscope is feasible and safe. Future procedural and design modifications will be implemented to improve image quality and cannulation success rates.
Safety and Effectiveness of a New 532 nm, Long Pulse‐Duration, Variable Pulse Structure Laser for Treatment of Poikiloderma of Civatte
Authors: Bernstein Eric F. , Wang Jennifer , Eason Chelsea 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPoikiloderma of Civatte is a benign skin condition characterized by reticulate erythema and hyperpigmentation in sun‐exposed areas, predominantly on the neck, cheeks, and chest. Chronic UV exposure leads to vascular proliferation and red cell extravasation resulting in hemosiderin and melanin deposition. While many light‐based modalities have been utilized to treat the disorder, the significant vascularity makes it ideally suited for treatment with vascular lasers.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new, long‐pulse‐duration, Nd:YAG laser incorporating a KTP frequency‐doubling crystal and cryogen spray cooling for the treatment of Poikiloderma of Civatte.MethodsTwenty subjects with neck and/or chest redness were enrolled in this study and treated using the 532 nm wavelength to treat neck and chest redness. Four treatments were administered at monthly intervals and pre‐ and 2‐month posttreatment images were obtained. Images were randomized and evaluated by three physician evaluators for degree of improvement.ResultsAverage improvement 2‐months posttreatment were 74.1 ± 20.2% and 68.4 ± 20.5% for the neck and chest, respectively (p < 0.0001). Side effects were minimal and limited to posttreatment erythema, edema, and purpura.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that this new long pulse‐duration, Nd:YAG laser incorporating a KTP frequency‐doubling crystal using the 532 nm wavelength is safe and effective for the treatment of Poikiloderma of Civatte.
Effect of a Wrist Harmonic Liquid Tremor Absorber‐Damping on the Upper Extremity Essential Tremor
Authors: Tarlacı Sultan , Doğan Furkan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundEssential tremor (ET) is a common type of tremor. Previous research has shown that wearable orthoses and biomechanical loading methods can suppress tremors.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the effect of a harmonic liquid dampener on upper extremity ET.MethodsThe study involved 9 women and 5 men from a neurology outpatient clinic. A 285‐g liquid‐based harmonic dampening wristband was used. Tremors were recorded from the wrist along the x‐y‐z axes using a vibrometer, and the Bain–Findley Rating Scale (BFRS) was employed for assessment.ResultsBFRS scores significantly improved after the wristband was used (mean difference 35.64, P = 0.001, Cohen's d effect size =2.979). The tremor amplitude decreased significantly along the x‐axis (Cohen's d: 1.35, P = 0.001), y‐axis (Cohen's d: 3.232, P = 0.001), and z‐axis (Cohen's d: 3.321, P = 0.001).ConclusionThe liquid‐filled harmonic dampening wristband shows promise as a new, effective treatment option for ET patients. © 2025 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Hardy‐Type p$$ p $$‐Laplacian Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Nyamoradi Nemat , Vanterler da C. Sousa J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this work, we study the existence and nonexistence of solutions to fractional Dirichlet boundary value problems with ‐Hilfer fractional derivatives, ‐Laplacian, and Hardy‐type singularity term using variational methods.
Smooth Solution in an N$$ N $$‐Dimensional Chemotaxis Model With Intraguild Predation
Authors: Pu Liqiong , Tang Haotian , Zheng Jiashan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we consider a reaction–diffusion intraguild predation model with chemotaxis
which describes the combined effects of competition and predation in a three‐component ecosystem. Here, is a bounded domain with smooth boundary and is a positive constant. Under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions, we proved that if , this system admits a global classical solution which is bounded for any sufficiently smooth initial data. Notably, our result extends the 1‐D global existence result (see Remark 1.1).
Geophysical imaging of the subsurface seismic structure of the Chestnut Hill Reservoir earth embankment dam (Massachusetts)
Authors: Maniscalco Steven J. , Ebel John E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDegradation within a manmade earth embankment structure is often unobservable from the surface. In order to evaluate the structural integrity of earth embankment levees and dams and identify subsurface zones of weakness that may result in the future failures of such structures, various geophysical methods have been proposed as effective subsurface imaging tools. This study presents the results of using the horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) of seismic noise, seismic refraction analysis and multi‐channel analysis of seismic surface waves (MASW) to estimate subsurface seismic structures for the Chestnut Hill Reservoir earth embankment dam in Chestnut Hill, MA. The HVSR method is used to estimate site fundamental frequency from ambient seismic noise recordings. The fundamental frequency () at a site can be used to estimate depth to bedrock with a known/estimated surface shear‐wave velocity. The MASW and seismic refraction analysis methods are used to estimate seismic velocity structures from seismic refraction lines with active sources. The depth‐to‐bedrock estimates from the seismic refraction analysis and MASW performed in this study confirm that the HVSR method is able to effectively estimate depth to bedrock at sites atop an earth embankment. The MASW was found to resolve a low‐velocity zone in the subsurface seismic structure at the Chestnut Hill Reservoir embankment that the seismic refraction method was unable to image, and this low‐velocity zone is required to best fit a theoretical HVSR to an observed spectrum. Furthermore, the variation and uncertainty in fundamental frequency estimation were quantified by making repeated HVSR measurements at the reservoir embankment.
Mohs Micrographic Surgery Efficacy for Solid Organ Transplant Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Kevin L. , Schmalbach Cecelia E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveSolid organ transplant (SOT) recipients carry a higher incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) with more aggressive features and worse outcomes compared to immunocompetent (IC) patients. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network advocates peripheral and deep en‐face margin assessment such as Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for very‐high‐risk cSCC. We aim to assess the efficacy of MMS in the treatment of SOT immunosuppressed head and neck (HN) cSCC patients.Study DesignCohort study with planned chart review enrolling HN cSCC patients (2004‐2017).SettingPatients were enrolled from a tertiary care medical center registry.MethodsPatients with cSCC were categorized on the independent variable of immune status. The incidence of MMS was compared between IC and SOT patients. Subgroup analysis of a matched cohort of patients treated with only MMS was performed for patient demographics, tumor characteristics, recurrence rates, and survival.ResultsA total Of 178 HN cSCC patients met the criteria. SOT patients were more likely to be treated with MMS, P < .001. In the subgroup analysis, 34 matched patients were treated with MMS alone. There was homogeneity between groups regarding patient demographics and tumor characteristics. One patient developed local recurrence in the SOT cohort (P = .310). Compared to IC cSCC patients, SOT patients treated with MMS did not experience worse disease‐free or overall survival (OS) (P = .540).ConclusionThis study suggests that narrow‐margin MMS is an appropriate treatment option for SOT cSCC patients. SOT patients were more likely to be treated with MMS and did not compromise local recurrence, disease‐free, or OS.