bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiber-coupled phosphor thermometry for wall temperature measurements in a full-scale hydrogen gas turbine combustor
Authors: Nau Patrick , Müller Andre , Petry Niklas , Nilsson Sebastian , Endres Torsten , Richter Mattias , Witzel Benjamin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Online wall temperatures were measured with fiber-coupled phosphor thermometry in a full-scale gas turbine combustor. The combustor was operated with natural gas and up to 100 vol% hydrogen at engine-relevant conditions. Two phosphors were tested for this application, namely YAG:Dy and YAG:Tm;Li. Although YAG:Tm;Li seemed to be the most promising phosphor for this application, it turned out to be incompatible with the used setup due to a strong interfering signal generated by the laser in the used fiber setup. A strategy to compensate for interferences from flame emissions during natural gas operation was developed. With this strategy it was possible to obtain single-shot temperature measurements at 15 Hz and a precision of 2–7 K for a 1 s average.
Elastic anisotropy and its temperature dependence for cubic crystals revealed by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Mei Haojie , Wang Feifei , Li Jinfu , Kong Lingti 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The temperature dependent phonon dispersions of BCC iron and tungsten were measured by running molecular dynamics simulations, based on which the elastic constants and elastic anisotropy were derived. It is found that the elastic constants decrease with increasing the temperature, while the elastic anisotropy generally enhances. Detailed analysis reveals that the lattice thermal expansion effect dominates the decreasing of elastic constants, which also tends to weaken the elastic anisotropy. Meanwhile, the lattice thermal vibration effect lowers the elastic constants related to the longitudinal waves, while has little impact on other elastic constants, thereby enhancing the elastic anisotropy. The overall effect of temperature on the elastic anisotropy in turn depends on the competition/compromise between the lattice thermal expansion and the thermal vibrations.
The singularities of the rate function of quantum coherent work in one-dimensional transverse field Ising model
Authors: Xu Bao-Ming , Wang Chao-Quan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractQuantum coherence will undoubtedly play a fundamental role in understanding of the dynamics of quantum many-body systems, thereby to reveal its genuine contribution is of great importance. In this paper, we specialize our discussions to the one-dimensional transverse field quantum Ising model initialized in the coherent Gibbs state. After quenching the strength of the transverse field, the effects of quantum coherence are studied by the rate function of quantum work distribution. We find that quantum coherence not only recovers the quantum phase transition destroyed by thermal fluctuations, but also generates some entirely new singularities both in the static state and dynamics. It can be manifested that these singularities are rooted in spin flips causing the sudden change of the domain boundaries of spin polarization. This work sheds new light on the fundamental connection between quantum critical phenomena and quantum coherence.
Cicada wing-inspired artificial nanopatterns with antifouling properties for clay adhesion
Authors: Zhao Zihao , Shimizu Tomohiro , Shingubara Shoso , Ito Takeshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To clarify the antifouling properties of cicada-inspired nanostructured surfaces and search for a long-term usable antifouling material, the wings of two types of cicadas in Japan, Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata (GN) and Cryptotympana facialis (CF), were examined by surface wettability and surface free energy. Furthermore, considering the complexity and mechanical stability of natural nanostructured surfaces, we mimicked both cicada wing surfaces by combining nanosphere lithography and metal-assisted chemical etching (MacEtch) on Si wafer, which is low-cost and large-area pattern-fabricable. We obtained artificial nanopatterns with pillar pitches of 200, 500, and 1000 nm (naming 200, 500, and 1000 series). As a result, comparing artificial nanopatterns with cicada wings indicated that nanopillar structures with high roughness factors or structural aspect ratios are likely to have excellent hydrophobic properties and antifouling features. Cryptotympana facialis wings and 200 series Si samples showed less clay particle adhesion than other patterns. These results indicate smaller structured surfaces where air may get trapped, resulting in hydrophobic surfaces contributing to self-cleaning or fouling-release properties. Further, reducing the contact area between nanostructures and clay can be used as an effective strategy to prevent clay adhesion has been proposed, but it has targeted limitations. Herein, we present a novel insight that more fine and high-structural-density nanostructural patterns are universal to prevent clay adhesion.
Simple model for a study of Λ hypernuclei in medium and heavy mass regions
Authors: Yoshinaga N , Umeya A , Ebata S , Nojima T , Ito S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We propose a simple and versatile model for Λ hypernuclei in medium- and heavy-mass regions to obtain their low-lying energy levels and electromagnetic transitions. In this model, we treat the core nucleus as a simple indivisible union of nucleons, and its properties are considered based on the experimental data. The interaction between nucleons in the core and a Λ particle is assumed to be weak and is treated perturbatively. We study medium- and heavy-Λ hypernuclei, i.e.,

Λ

51

V,

Λ

52

V,

Λ

89

Y,

Λ

139

La, and

Λ

208

Pb. To check the applicability of the model to a lighter hypernucleus, we apply it to

Λ

19

F, where γ-ray transitions have been experimentally observed. The present study demonstrates that the low-lying excited states of the core nucleus below 2 MeV, in addition to the ground state of the core nucleus have to be considered in the calculation of spectra and electromagnetic transitions in the low-lying states of Λ hypernuclei. The proposed model helps us theoretically study specific medium- and heavy-hypernuclei where large-scale shell-model studies are intractable to carry out.
The modification of roughness to corner effect in plasma etching
Authors: Zhang Peng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Plasma etching, a quite vital technique for transferring the mask pattern onto the substrate, is subjected to charging phenomena. Compared to the round contact-hole which has been studied by a great deal of previous research on the charging issues, the rectangle mask hole presents a significant corner effect. The case study here thus focuses on several kinds of isolated rectangle mask holes with various edge roughnesses and ratios of length (L) and width (W
d). The modification of the roughness to the corner effect has been investigated using classical particle simulations, including a string algorithm for the evolution of the hole opening. This work shows that the corner effect becomes unobvious with the increase of the dominant amplitude and with the decrease of the wavelength of the roughness. In addition, the simulated results indicate that a small ratio (L: W
d) can reduce the corner effect. Mechanisms behind these observations were explained mainly based on the analysis of the spatial electric field distribution as well as the opening evolution. This study would be beneficial for controlling the rectangle mask pattern transfer.
Structural, optical, and dielectric characteristics of pulsed laser deposited SnO2-TiO2 composite thin films
Authors: Kajal Rashmi , Kandasami Asokan , Kataria Bharat , Solanki Pankaj , Mohan Devendra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Pulsed laser deposition was used to fabricate the thin films of SnO2 and SnO2-TiO2 composites on FTO substrates and these films were characterized to understand the effect of TiO2 on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of SnO2. The Tauc plots confirm that the composite films have a higher band gap energy than SnO2. EDX spectra demonstrate that the thin films contain Ti, Sn, and O ions. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicate three blue emission bands at wavelengths of 410, 435, and 460 nm and these are due to the oxygen vacancies or interstitial oxygen ions and defect-related states. These films are n-type semiconductors as verified by the Hall Effect measurements. At the interface of the film, the frequency dependence of the dielectric at room temperature reveals that as the frequency increases, the dielectric constant and dielectric losses decrease. SnO2 film has a significantly higher a.c. conductivity than the SnO2-TiO2 composite films. The correlated barrier hopping (CBH) mechanism is responsible for the conduction behaviour and obeys Johncher’s power law (n < 1). The addition of TiO2 in SnO2 affects the structural, optical, dielectric, and ac conductivity of films at room temperature.
Gamma rays bursts: a viable cosmological probe?
Authors: Kumar Darshan , Rani Nisha , Jain Deepak , Mahajan Shobhit , Mukherjee Amitabha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, our focus is on exploring the potential of current GRB measurements to provide reliable constraints on cosmological model parameters at high redshift. This work is divided into two parts. First, we calibrate the Amati relation in a model-independent way by using Hubble parameter measurements obtained from the differential ages of the galaxies. We further check if the Amati relation parameters evolve with the GRBs' redshift or not, using the data of Old Astrophysical Objects. The results indicate that GRBs do seem to evolve with redshift. In the second part, we test different cosmological models with the calibrated GRB data obtained by using constant and dynamical Amati relation. Our results indicate that the present quality of GRB data is not good enough to put tight constraints on the cosmological parameters. Hence we perform a joint analysis with the combined data of GRBs and Type Ia Supernovae (SNe) and find that this can considerably enhance cosmological constraints in contrast to solely relying on GRBs.
Minimal decoherence from inflation
Authors: Burgess C.P. , Holman R. , Kaplanek Greg , Martin Jérôme , Vennin Vincent 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We compute the rate with which super-Hubble cosmological
fluctuations are decohered during inflation, by their gravitational
interactions with unobserved shorter-wavelength scalar and tensor
modes. We do so using Open Effective Field Theory methods, that
remain under control at the late times of observational interest,
contrary to perturbative calculations. Our result is minimal in the
sense that it only incorporates the self-interactions predicted by
General Relativity in single-clock models (additional interaction
channels should only speed up decoherence). We find that decoherence
is both suppressed by the first slow-roll parameter and by the
energy density during inflation in Planckian units, but that it is
enhanced by the volume comprised within the scale of interest, in
Hubble units. This implies that, for the scales probed in the Cosmic
Microwave Background, decoherence is effective as soon as inflation
proceeds above ∼ 5 × 109 GeV. Alternatively, if
inflation proceeds at GUT scale decoherence is incomplete only for
the scales crossing out the Hubble radius in the last ∼ 13
e-folds of inflation. We also compute how short-wavelength scalar modes decohere primordial tensor perturbations, finding a faster rate unsuppressed by slow-roll parameters.
Identifying the parametric dependence of decoherence, and the rate at
which it proceeds, helps suggest ways to look for quantum
effects.
Parameter estimation for Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with ringdown signals*
Authors: Shao Cai-Ying , Hu Yu , Shao Cheng-Gang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Future space-based gravitational-wave detectors will detect gravitational waves with high sensitivity in the millihertz frequency band, providing more opportunities to test theories of gravity than ground-based detectors. The study of quasinormal modes (QNMs) and their application in gravity theory testing have been an important aspect in the field of gravitational physics. In this study, we investigate the capability of future space-based gravitational wave detectors, such as LISA, TaiJi, and TianQin, to constrain the dimensionless deviating parameter for Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet (EdGB) gravity with ringdown signals from the merger of binary black holes. The ringdown signal is modeled by the two strongest QNMs in EdGB gravity. Considering time-delay interferometry, we calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of different space-based detectors for ringdown signals to analyze their capabilities. The Fisher information matrix is employed to analyze the accuracy of parameter estimation, with particular focus on the dimensionless deviating parameter for EdGB gravity. The impact of the parameters of gravitational wave sources on the estimation accuracy of the dimensionless deviating parameter is also studied. We find that the constraint ability of EdGB gravity is limited because the uncertainty of the dimensionless deviating parameter increases with a decrease in the dimensionless deviating parameter. LISA and TaiJi offer more advantages in constraining the dimensionless deviating parameter to a more accurate level for massive black holes, whereas TianQin is more suited to less massive black holes. The Bayesian inference method is used to perform parameter estimation on simulated data, which verifies the reliability of the conclusion.
Custodial symmetry violation in scalar extensions of the standard model*
Authors: Song Huayang , Wan Xia , Yu Jiang-Hao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The new measurement of the W boson mass from the CDF collaboration shows a significant tension with the standard model prediction, which evidences violation of custodial symmetry in the scalar sector. We study the scalar extensions of the standard model, which can be categorized into two classes, the scalar sector with custodial symmetry (Georgi-Machacek model and its generalizations) and the scalar sector without custodial symmetry, and explore how these extensions fit to electroweak precision data and the new CDF

. The favored oblique parameters originate from either the large mass splitting in the multiplet via the loop contribution or the large vacuum expectation value, which breaks custodial symmetry at the tree level. In particular, we find that

GeV new particles are allowed in the scalar extension scenarios.
On the use of dielectric elements in axion searches with microwave resonant cavities
Authors: Bai Xiran , Jewell Michael J. , Lamoreaux Steve K. , Maruyama Reina H. , van Bibber Karl 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study explores the primary effects of dielectric
materials in a resonant cavity-based search for axion dark
matter. While dielectrics prove beneficial in numerous cases, their
incorporation may lead to less-than-optimal performance, especially
for the lowest TM mode. Additionally, the stronger confinement of
the electric field inside the dielectrics can exacerbate mode
mixings, in particular for higher-order modes. Case studies have
been carried out using a combination of analytical solutions and
numerical simulations. The findings indicate dielectric cavities
employing the TM010 mode experience a significant
reduction in sensitivity when compared to a similar search conducted
in a cavity at equivalent frequency using no dielectrics.
A portable and monoenergetic 24 keV neutron source based on 124Sb-9Be photoneutrons and an iron filter
Authors: Biekert A. , Chang C. , Chaplinsky L. , Fink C.W. , Frey W.D. , Garcia-Sciveres M. , Guo W. , Hertel S.A. , Li X. , Lin J. , Lisovenko M. , Mahapatra R. , McKinsey D.N. , Mehrotra S. , Mirabolfathi N. , Patel P.K. , Penning B. , Pinckney H.D. , Reed M. , Romani R.K. , Sadoulet B. , Smith R.J. , Sorensen P. , Suerfu B. , Suzuki A. , Velan V. , Wang G. , Wang Y. , Watkins S.L. , Williams M.R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A portable monoenergetic 24 keV neutron source based on the 124Sb-9Be photoneutron reaction and an iron filter has been constructed and characterized. The coincidence of the neutron energy from SbBe and the low interaction cross-section with iron (mean free path up to 29 cm) makes pure iron specially suited to shield against gamma rays from 124Sb decays while letting through the neutrons. To increase the 124Sb activity and thus the neutron flux, a >1 GBq 124Sb source was produced by irradiating a natural Sb metal pellet with a high flux of thermal neutrons in a nuclear reactor. The design of the source shielding structure makes for easy transportation and deployment. A hydrogen gas proportional counter is used to characterize the neutrons emitted by the source and a NaI detector is used for gamma background characterization. At the exit opening of the neutron beam, the characterization determined the neutron flux in the energy range 20–25 keV to be 6.00±0.30 neutrons per cm2 per second and the total gamma flux to be 245±8 gammas per cm2 per second (numbers scaled to 1 GBq activity of the 124Sb source). A liquid scintillator detector is demonstrated to be sensitive to neutrons with incident kinetic energies from 8 to 17 keV, so it can be paired with the source as a backing detector for neutron scattering calibration experiments. This photoneutron source provides a good tool for in-situ low energy nuclear recoil calibration for dark matter experiments and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments.
Exact solution of a non-Hermitian
PT
-symmetric spin chain
Authors: Kattel Pradip , Pasnoori Parameshwar R , Andrei Natan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We construct the exact solution of a non-Hermitian

P
T

-symmetric isotropic Heisenberg spin chain with integrable boundary fields. We find that the system exhibits two types of phases named A and B. In the B type phase, the

P
T

symmetry remains unbroken and it comprises of eigenstates with only real energies, whereas the A type phase exhibits both

P
T

symmetry broken and unbroken sectors, comprising of eigenstates with only complex and real energies respectively. The

P
T

-symmetry broken sector comprises of pairs of eigenstates whose energies are complex conjugates of each other. The existence of two sectors in the A type phase is associated with the exponentially localized bound states at the edges with complex energies which are described by boundary strings. We find that both A and B type phases can be further divided into sub-phases which exhibit different ground states. We also compute the bound state wavefunction in one magnon sector and find that as the imaginary value of the boundary parameter is increased, the exponentially localized wavefunction broadens thereby protruding more into the bulk, which indicates that exponentially localized bound states may not be stabilized for large imaginary values of the boundary parameter.
Chemically coupled Hindmarsh–Rose neurons with cross interactions between membrane potential and magnetic flux
Authors: Remi T , Subha P A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, we have analysed the synchronous dynamics and pattern formation in Hindmarsh–Rose neurons with cross interactions between membrane potential and magnetic flux, in the chemical mode. The self, mixed and cross interactions are realised by varying coupling phase. The magnetic flux induces plateau bursting and amplitude death in the network. The self chemical coupling induces synchrony, whereas, the cross coupling is incapable of it. However, the cross coupling acts along with self coupling to form mixed coupling and induces synchrony in the system. The stability of the synchronous state has been studied by master stability approach. The parameter space reveals the bifurcation point at which cross coupling overrides self coupling effects. The synchronising ability of interactions are justified in a network of neurons as well. The statistical factor of synchronisation quantifies the amount of synchrony in the network in different interaction modes. The combined effect of non local interactions and mixed coupling of variables initiates the emergence of chimera and multichimera states. However, in cross-coupled systems, only incoherent states are present. The existence of chimera and multichimera states are confirmed by calculating the strength of incoherence and discontinuity measure. The analysis of spatiotemporal patterns reveals the presence of travelling chimeras within the network. The Hamilton energy function indicate that a greater amount of energy is required to sustain coherent neurons at higher potential. This work may enhance the understanding of chimera states and improve its applicability to real-world systems.
Developing the Ecological Citizenship of Older Adolescents
Authors: Štraupaitė Samanta 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The idea of sustainable development at the global level occupies one of the most important places. The Earth can manage itself and maintain all biological diversity, adhere to democracy, equality, take into account human rights, freedom and equal opportunities. Since climate change poses an increasing risk to human health and safety, the development of public ecological awareness becomes extremely important. The fact that the problem of climate change is increasing and confirmed by increasing emissions of greenhouse gases, rising sea levels, longer droughts, stronger and more frequent storms, melting ice sheets, larger and more frequent fires. Advances in technology such as smartphones, streaming, social media, and touch screens have affected teenagers’ connection to nature. Being interested in the ecological citizenship of older teenagers raises the question, why and how can the younger generation contribute to the solution of ecological problems? Whether there are educational models that can help strengthen young people’s beliefs and abilities to solve climate change problems. In this article will be reviewed the literature from the aspect of ecological culture education, ecological position as the goal of education, the concept of ecological citizenship, its education and suggestions.
Model legislation of the CIS member states in the field of regulation of the use of genetically modified organisms in the export of agricultural products
Authors: Kodolova A V 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In 2003 the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity establishing procedures concerning export and import of products of modern biotechnology which was recognized today obligatory by the majority of the CIS countries came into force. After the introduction of the Cartagena Protocol in force there was a need of more strict legislative regulation for the sphere of safety when processing, packing and transportation of living modified organism.