bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global financial governance: Need for a new approach
Authors: Behari Brij 
Published: September 2023

The post-pandemic economy is like the Mona Lisa. Each time you look, you see something different. Following chaos in the banking industry, many analysts are now convinced the world economy is heading for a “hard-landing” recession. Few seem to expect a “no-landing” scenario, in which the economy remains untroubled by rising interest rates—a fashionable opinion just weeks ago and one which itself supplanted a common view in late 2022 that a mild recession was certain. When the banking panic struck, no one had the slightest idea what the Federal Reserve would then do with interest rates in March—some investors expected a rate rise, some no change, some a cut—and the next few meetings looked equally unpredictable. Perhaps the world is simply more volatile. In the past year, Europe has seen its biggest land war in seven decades, supply-chain snarl-ups, an energy crisis, and a period of banking turmoil. Each recession teaches us something; global financial development evolves as we manage the various recessions. In this paper, we have found out that the recession of 2007-09 and the 2023 banks run had many things in common; e.g., unemployment rose, there were mass lay-offs and similar trends were there in respect of their effect on productivity. The earlier recession spread globally, but the recent banks run was limited to the US and Credit Suisse banks. The previous recession was caused because of risky mortgages but the current banks run was caused due to liquidity problem faced by the banks which held, the so-called, highly safe but illiquid treasury bonds, which were long-term bonds issued when the inflation was lower and the interest rates were lower but when the Central Bank raised the rates, there were no purchasers to buy those bonds, as at that time government bonds were available at a very discounted rate due to high inflation. This caused liquidity problems in the banks and they were not in a position to pay the money to the depositors who en-masse applied for withdrawal, following a sentiment of distrust in them.Yet there are also deeper, structural changes at play. The first relates to covid-19 disruptions. The world lurched from crashing to soaring growth as lockdowns came and went. This has played havoc with the “seasonal adjustments” common to most economic numbers. In February the Bureau of Labour Statistics changed the factors that it applies to inflation, which makes interpreting monthly rates much more difficult. Annualized core inflation in the final quarter of 2022 “increased” from 3.1% to 4.3%. It is also harder than normal to understand euro-zone inflation. Do not be surprised if the global economy remains sfumato for a while yet.
Adapting to a New Normal: Changes in Behavioral Symptoms in Children with ADHD During Online Education
Authors: ÇARKAXHİU BULUT Gresa , GÖKÇE Sebla , GÜMÜŞTAŞ Funda 
Published: September 2023

Objective: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), are considered a particularly vulnerable group due to the distress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social isolation measures. This study aimed to examine the alterations in symptoms of children with ADHD during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Methods: Sociodemographic data and ADHD symptom scores, measured using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham scale (SNAP-IV) parent form, were obtained from patient files from the same educational year prior to the pandemic. In addition to pandemic-related inquiries, parents were requested to complete the SNAP form again to assess their children's current conditions.
Results: Of the total 104 cases, 28.8% were female with a mean age of 10.5 (SD=2.4). There were no significant differences in ADHD symptom scores before and during quarantine. Participants who received regular online education had a significantly lower rate of externalizing problems. Children with parents who developed new onset negative emotional problems exhibited a significantly higher rate of internalizing problems. Participants whose fathers worked from home had a significantly lower rate of internalizing problems compared to children with fathers working in an office or who were unemployed.
Conclusions: The pandemic did not induce changes in the core symptoms of ADHD. It is inferred that educational planning for children, parental well-being, and accommodating parents' employment opportunities are among the most critical factors in maintaining the well-being of children and adolescents with ADHD during the pandemic period.
The assessment of Tp-e interval and Tp-e/QT ratio in patients with morbid obesity before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: AYDIN Altan 
Published: September 2023

Aim: Tp-e/QT ratio is a novel marker of ventricular repolarisation. Obesity has been associated with various cardiovascular changes and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Obesity may be associated with prolongation of the QT interval, which could potentially increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. We aimed to research the assessment of Tp-e interval and Tp-e/QT ratio before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in patients with morbid obesity.
Material and Methods: In this study, we enrolled 93 consecutive patients with a BMI >40 kg/m2 or BMI >35kg/m2 with comorbidities who had previously failed to lose weight with conservative methods underwent LSG between January 2012 and December 2016.
Results: Heart rate (75.7 ± 4.7 vs. 72.8 ± 11.4; p=0.486), QT interval (358.1 ± 32.0 vs. 362.6 ± 30.4; p=0.399) and QTc interval (399.0 ± 34.3 vs. 396.2 ± 30.9; p=0.621) were similar before and after LSG. Tp-e interval (81.3 ± 11.4 vs. 76.3 ± 10.9; p=0.004), Tp-e/QT ratio (0.23 ± 0.04 vs. 0.21 ± 0.04; p=0.002), Tp-e/QTc ratio (0.20 ± 0.03 vs. 0.19 ± 0.03; p=0.001) were significantly different before and after LSG.
Conclusion: Our study showed that morbid obesity may have a negative effect on ventricular repolarization. Substantial weight loss following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients is accompanied by a significant improvement in ventricular repolarization.
Üniversite öğrencileri arasında COVID-19 hastalığı ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi, tutum ve davranışların değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SARI Nuran , İŞLEYEN Açelya , TEK Dilara , KARAKUŞ Müge , KASAPOĞLU Naz , BİLGİÇ Süveyda , ULUSOY Zeynep Ece 
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Dünyada 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde ilan edilen, Ağır Akut Solunum Sendromu-Koronavirüs-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS-CoV-2) etkeninin neden olduğu COVID-19 pandemisinin etkileri varyantları ile günümüzde de devam etmektedir. Aşılama ve korunma önlemleri ile kontrol altına alınmaya çalışılan salgında dünyada konfirme edilen sayılara göre 769.774.646 insan hastalanıp ve 6.955.000 ölüm saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 hastalığı ile ilgili üniversite öğrencilerinin bilgi düzeyini araştırmak, hastalığa yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek ve davranış şekilleri değerlendirerek ileride yapılacak çalışmalar ve uygulamalar için yol gösterici olmak amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmamız tanımlayıcı türde, kesitsel bir saha çalışmasıdır. Araştırmanın evrenini Tıp, Diş Hekimliği, Mühendislik Fakültesi öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Anket ulusal ve uluslararası literatür taraması sonucu oluşturularak, çevrimçi sistemle uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Ankete, Mühendislik fakültesinden 472, Tıp fakültesinden 113, Diş hekimliğinden 25, toplam 610 öğrenci katılmıştır. Öğrencilerin 317’si kadın, yaş ortalamaları 21.4 ± 1.9 saptanmıştır. Doksanbir öğrenci COVID-19 hastalığı geçirmiştir. Sadece 50’si COVID-19 aşısı olmuştur. Aşı olanlar 37 öğrencide kol ağrısı, baş ağrısı ve kas ağrısı gibi yan etkiler görmüştür. Aşı olmayanların 447’si aşı olmayı düşünüyorken, 113 kişi yan etkisinden çekindiği için, etkinliğine inanmadığı için ve iğneden korktuğu için aşı olmayı istememektedir
Mühendislik öğrencileri; COVID-19 virüsü antibiyotikle tedavi edilebilir (p=0.001), hastalığın kesin tedavisi vardır (p=0.001), evden çıktığımda eldiven takıyorum (p=0.011), virüsün laboratuvarda üretildiğini düşünüyorum (p=0.001), bağışıklığım güçlü, virüse karşı önlem almam gerektiğini düşünmüyorum (p=0.013 ) cevapları ile diğer bölümlere göre bilgi eksiklikleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Sonuçlar: Üniversite öğrencileri arasında COVID-19 hastalığı ile ilgili yanlış bilgi ve davranışlar olduğu görülmüştür. Temel eğitimlerin tüm bölümlere verilmesi sağlanmalıdır.
Comparing microsurgical breast reconstruction outcomes following postoperative monitoring techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 2529 patients
Authors: Foppiani Jose A. , Valentine Lauren , Hernandez Alvarez Angelica , Weidman Allan , Stearns Stephen , Foster Lacey , Devi Karthika , Albakri Khaled , Lin Samuel J. 
Published: September 2023

Aims: This paper aims to assess the existing evidence regarding oximetry and thermography by comparing postoperative rates of complications following microsurgical breast reconstruction.
Methods: A systematic review of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane was completed. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of all included studies was then performed.
Results: Fourteen studies were included with a total population of 2,529 female patients who underwent microvascular breast reconstruction, ultimately totaling 3,289 flaps. The mean age for the cohorts included in this study ranged from 48.9 to 57 years of age. A total of 15 complete flap losses were reported. Furthermore, this meta-analysis of proportion showed that total flap loss experienced was 0% (95%CI 0%-100%) for patients monitored with thermography compared to 0% (95%CI 0%-1%) for those monitored with oximetry. Partial flap loss occurred at a frequency of 1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0%-73%] for patients monitored with thermography compared to 1% (95%CI 0%-2%) for those monitored with oximetry. Furthermore, the results of this study showed that thermography prompted a return to the operating room (OR) in 1% (95%CI 0%-73%) of the patients compared to 5% (95%CI 3%-9%) for oximetry. Lastly, the overall complication rate was 12% (95%CI 1%-54%) for patients monitored with thermography compared to 10% (95%CI 4%-21%) for those monitored with oximetry.
Conclusion: Ultimately, this meta-analysis concludes that while oximetry monitoring currently has strong evidence for improving flap outcomes, trends in the current data indicate that further studies may demonstrate that thermography may be comparable to oximetry in achieving similar patient outcomes.
An Increase in HSF1 Expression Directs Human Mammary Epithelial Cells toward a Mesenchymal Phenotype
Authors: Vydra Natalia , Toma-Jonik Agnieszka , Janus Patryk , Mrowiec Katarzyna , Stokowy Tomasz , Głowala-Kosińska Magdalena , Sojka Damian Robert , Olbryt Magdalena , Widłak Wiesława 
Published: September 2023

HSF1 is a well-known Heat Shock Protein expression regulator in response to stress. It also regulates processes important for growth, development, or tumorigenesis. Here, we studied the HSF1 influence on the phenotype of non-tumorigenic human mammary epithelial (MCF10A and MCF12A) and several triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. MCF10A and MCF12A differ by HSF1 levels, morphology, growth in the matrigel, expression of epithelial (CDH1) and mesenchymal (VIM) markers (MCF10A are epithelial cells, MCF12A resemble mesenchymal cells). HSF1 down-regulation led to reduced proliferation rate and spheroid formation in matrigel by MCF10A cells, while it did not affect the MCF12A proliferation but led to CDH1 up-regulation and the formation of better-organized spheroids. HSF1 overexpression in MCF10A resulted in reduced CDH1 and increased VIM expression, and the acquisition of elongated fibroblast-like morphology. The above results suggest that elevated levels of HSF1 may direct mammary epithelial cells toward a mesenchymal phenotype while lowering HSF1 could reverse the mesenchymal phenotype to an epithelial one. Therefore, HSF1 may be involved in the remodeling of mammary gland architecture over the female lifetime. Moreover, HSF1 levels positively correlated with the invasive phenotype of triple-negative breast cancer cells, and their growth was inhibited by the HSF1 inhibitor, DTHIB.
Quality of life and needs in caregivers: results from the prospective multicentric open-label randomized study of Informal Caregivers of Elderly patients (ICE study).
Authors: Pozet Astrid , Darnis Sophie , Bonnet Magalie , Meurisse Aurélia , Dabakuyo-Yonli Tienhan Sandrine , Lejeune Catherine , Fagnoni Philippe , Gaimard Maryse , Manckoundia Patrick , Quibel Clémence , Marchand Mélanie , Anota Amélie , Nerich Virginie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives. To assess health-related quality of life (QoL) in caregivers of elderly patients with chronic disabilities receiving, or not receiving, social worker support.
Methods. This multicenter open-label randomized study assigned caregivers to receive an information booklet, exclusively, or with social worker support. Caregivers completed Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale quarterly, and Zarit Burden Interview each semester, for 24 months. We reported caregiver QoL mean changes at 12 and 24 months (M12, M24). Longitudinal QoL analysis up to M24 used mixed models for repeated measures (MMRM).
Results. Among the 179 caregivers randomized from 2015 to 2019, the SF-36 physical and mental component summary showed no significant changes at M12 and M24, in terms of neither anxiety nor burden. However, depression significantly increased (M12: 1.4±4.0; M24:1.7±4.1) with significant adjusted mean increase using MMRM at M24: 3.4 [0.6-2.5] in the control group, exclusively.
Conclusion. These findings call for better recognition of the social support to prevent caregiver QoL deterioration and alleviate their depression early in the course of the disease.
Trial registration number: This study was registered retrospectively with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02626377 on 9th December 2015.
Augmented Ant Colony Algorithm for Virtual Drug Discovery
Authors: Donati Luca , Fackeldey Konstantin , Weber Marcus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Docking is a fundamental problem in computational biology and drug discovery that seeks to predict a ligand’s binding mode and affinity to a target protein. However, the large search space size and the complex-ity of the underlying physical interactions make docking a challenging task. Here, we review a docking method, based on the ant colony opti-mization algorithm, that ranks a set of candidate ligands by solving a minimization problem for each ligand individually. In addition, we pro-pose an augmented version that takes into account all energy functions collectively, allowing only one minimization problem to be solved. The results show that our modification outperforms in accuracy and efficiency.
Seawater composition variation in the eastern Sichuan evaporite formation basin
Authors: Zhao Haitong , Tian Heming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Hechuan Depression is a secondary depression in central eastern Sichuan and belongs to the Nanchong salt area (central Sichuan salt-forming zone). Palaeotethys seawater entered the secondary depression, and the subbasin gradually became shallower with tectonic changes. In this paper, the content of Sr ranges from 130 to 1316 ppm, which indicates that the water‒rock interaction time was long. The Br content of Jianglingjiang halite ranges from 108 to 191 ppm, and the Br content of the salt rock is mainly controlled by the Br concentration in concentrated seawater. The 1000Br/Cl ratio ranges from 0.18 to 0.51, which has reached the potassium mineral precipitation stage. The global environmental conditions of the Early Triassic were inherited from the late Permian with high temperature, anoxia, water stagnation and other environmental factors. The Sr isotopes of halite samples show that the ratios range from 0.708147 to 0.708256. By comparing the early Triassic SIS curve, which is consistent with the trend between the Smithian and Spathian, it can be basically determined that the evaporites were deposited in the Olenekian.
SEATANI: hazards from seamounts in SouthEast Asia, Taiwan, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands (eastern India)
Authors: Verolino Andrea , Wee Su Fen , Jenkins Susanna , Costa Fidel , Switzer Adam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Submarine volcanism makes up approximately 85% of volcanism taking place on Earth, and its eruptions can be particularly hazardous, with the potential to cause large-scale sector collapse of the volcanic edifice, tsunamis, and ash dispersal. Recent examples include the eruptions in Japan and in the Kingdom of Tonga in 2021 and 2022 respectively, but there has been little to no study of submarine volcanoes in Southeast Asia and its surroundings. Here we provide a compilation of 466 seamounts from the region, from different published sources, through the SEATANI dataset (Southeast Asia + Taiwan + Andaman & Nicobar Islands). We use this newly compiled dataset to assess on a regional basis the seamount hazard potential and exposure potential as a springboard for future more quantitative hazard studies for the region. The hazard potential was assessed through seamount morphological/structural analyses, to determine the seamount evolution stage and, grade of maturity. The exposure potential was evaluated through two different approaches: An areal analysis of the number of assets within a 100 km radius of each seamount; and the development of a hazard-weighted seamount density map to highlight potential areas of interest for future more-in-depth studies. Our results show that there are several potentially hazardous seamounts in this region, and Taiwan had the highest hazard and exposure potential, for all assets considered, while Philippines, Indonesia and Vietnam have relatively high exposure potential for submarine communication cables and ship traffic density. The results from this work serve as a first step for southeast Asian and neighbouring countries to become more resilient against and prepared for submarine volcanic eruptions in the region.
Phase Transfer Catalysts Shift the Pathway to Transmetalation in Biphasic Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Couplings
Authors: Hein Jason , Shi Yao , Derasp Joshua , Maschmeyer Tristan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (SMC) is arguably the most widely used C-C bond forming reaction. Numerous mechanistic studies of the SMC have enabled the use of exceptionally low catalyst loadings while significantly expanding its functional group tolerance. However, the dominant mode of transmetalation operative in SMCs remains controversial and likely depends on the particular conditions employed. Herein we report a detailed mechanistic study of a palladium catalyzed SMC under biphasic reaction conditions. The use of phase transfer catalysts (PTC) resulted in a remarkable 12-fold rate enhancement in the targeted system. Studying the speciation of the arylboron nucleophile and the palladium catalyst revealed that a shift from an oxo-palladium based transmetalation to a boronate based pathway lies at the root of this activity. Furthermore, the robustness of our monitoring platform enabled us to study the impact of different water loadings in biphasic settings. We found that increasing the proportion of the aqueous phase results in significant rate enhancements, contrary to the reaction conditions typically employed in the literature. This rate acceleration matched or surpassed those achieved by manipulating the nature of the organoboron nucleophile. The importance of these findings was highlighted by achieving an exceptionally broad substrate scope with benzylic electrophiles using a 10-fold reduction in catalyst loading relative to literature precedent.
Biocatalytic stereocontrolled head-to-tail cyclizations as a tool for streamlined hybrid synthesis of terpenes
Authors: Hauer Bernhard , Schneider Andreas , Lystbæk Thomas , Markthaler Daniel , Hansen Niels 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The stereocontrolled cationic cyclization cascade is a vital step in the modular biogenesis of terpenes, as it defines the carbon skeleton's three-dimensional structure in one atom-economical step. While nature has adopted this strategy for eons, state-of-the-art synthetic routes to asymmetrically access cyclic terpenes still rely predominantly on sequential multi-step scaffold remodelling of a few abundant precursors. Herein, we bridge this long-standing methodological gap and demonstrate the target-oriented synthesis ability of the squalene-hopene cyclase. Our mechanistic insights show that the biocatalytic head-to-tail cyclization is highly customizable by mechanism-guided enzyme engineering and substrate-focused setup engineering. As a result, we demonstrate two- or three-step hybrid synthetic routes of pheromones, fragrances, and drug candidates by merging a stereocontrolled cyclization with interdisciplinary synthetic and catalytic methods. This biomimetic strategy significantly reduces the synthesis effort to terpenes and provides rapid access to thousands of head-to-tail-fused scaffolds.
Intrinsic dichroism in amorphous and crystalline solids with helical light
Authors: Jain Ashish , Bégin Jean-Luc , Corkum Paul , Karimi Ebrahim , Brabec Thomas , Bhardwaj Ravi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Amorphous solids do not exhibit long-range order due to the disordered arrangement of atoms. As a result, they lack translational and rotational symmetry on a macroscopic scale and are isotropic, meaning their physical properties remain the same in all directions. Because of their lack of symmetry, differential absorption of polarized light, called dichroism, is not known to exist in amorphous solids. However, they possess short- to medium-range order that can cause them to exhibit some features similar to crystalline solids. Using helical light beams that carry orbital angular momentum as a probe, we demonstrate that dichroism is intrinsic to both amorphous and crystalline solids. We show that in the nonlinear regime, angle-dependent absorption of helical light can map the crystal symmetry - a macroscopic feature, whereas helical dichroism is responsive to the short- to medium- range order whose existence is explained in terms of interband multiphoton-assisted tunneling. We also demonstrate that the helical dichroism signal is sensitive to chirality and its strength can be controlled and tuned using a superposition of OAM and Gaussian beams. Our research challenges the conventional knowledge that dichroism does not exist in amorphous solids and enables to manipulate the optical properties of solids, opening new opportunities for development of chiroptical spectroscopy.
Steel Slag as a Construction Material for Sustainable Deveploment: A State of Art
Authors: Kalane Saurabh Pramod , Shekokar Shubhangi R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In India large amount of iron & steel slags are generated from steel industry and disposed in the yards of production units. Due to limited use, these slag materials occupy largest areas and also causing environmental pollution. These slag materials can be possible to use in construction industry effectively. In this paper, a thorough review has been carried out on the work done by various researchers on the use of steel slag as a construction material. Steel slag has good properties such as high bearing strength, excellent soundness & abrasion resistance. Steel slag aggregate material can hold heat for a longer period than natural aggregate due to their high heat capacity. In this review, it was revealed that the compressive strength of concrete increases when slag is substituted with natural aggregate, reaching its maximum strength at 40% slag. It is recommended that steel slag can be used as an alternate material to replace a portion of the aggregate in concrete. This will help to reduce construction expenses and ensure the safe disposal of steel slag so as to achieve sustainability.