bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unnecessary Preoperative Workup in Healthy Patients with Isolated Orthopedic Trauma: An Area of Healthcare Waste
Authors: Wright Branden , Morley Meghan , Gentile Pietro , Freeland Erik 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Reducing waste is at the forefront for healthcare administrators, and one area to target is routine pre-operative testing. Despite the availability of professional/societal guidelines, physicians continue to order routine preoperative tests. Preoperative tests rarely influence surgical management, and there is data supporting safety without preoperative testing in low-risk surgeries for healthy patients. We believe these principles can be extrapolated to low-risk orthopedic procedures in healthy patients, such as isolated distal extremity fractures. We believe there will be enough wasted expenditure with unnecessary preoperative workup in isolated orthopedic trauma to warrant change in preoperative management.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 209 cases of isolated distal extremity fractures from July 2019-July 2020 was conducted. Charts were queried for preoperative tests completed. Each case’s respective series of preoperative tests were compared to what professional/societal guidelines deemed appropriate. A decision-making analysis was performed to assess physician overordering. Total number of unnecessary tests was calculated, and cost analysis was completed to determine potential waste.
Results
98% of cases had at least one unnecessary test. Coagulation profiles and blood type tests were the most commonly over-ordered tests at 90% of the time. Cost analysis revealed $262,624 in potentially wasted expenditure. Blood type tests and chest x-rays represented the largest portion, with $129,654 and $71,694 of wasted expenditure respectively.
Conclusion
We recommend the implementation of multimodal interventions in clinics treating these injuries. Interventions should include components of provider education, provider audit and feedback, and EMR ordering restrictions to reduce this area of waste.
Immune response to COVID-19 vaccines in people with immunodeficiencies
Authors: Ricotta Emily , Zendt Mackenzie , Castillo Fausto Bustos , Kelly Sophie , Saturday Taylor , DeGrange Maureen , Ginigeme Anita , Wu Lurline , Callier Viviane , Ortega-Villa Ana , Faust Mondreakest , Bugal Kara , Khil Pavel , Youn Jung-Ho , Osei Gloria , Regmi Pravesh , Anderson Victoria , Daub Janine , Dimaggio Thomas , Kreuzburg Samantha , Pfister Justina , Treat Jennifer , Ulrick Jean , Karkanitsa Maria , Kalish Heather , Kuhns Doug , Priel Debra Long , Fink Danielle , Tsang John , Sparks Rachel , Uzel Gulbu , Waldman Meryl , Zerbe Christa , Delmonte Ottavia , Bergerson Jenna , Das Sanchita , Freeman Alexandra , Lionakis Michail , Sadtler Kaitlyn , Doremalen Neeltje van , Munster Vincent , Notarangelo Luigi , Holland Steve 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 vaccine research in immune-deficient/disordered people (IDP) has primarily focused on cancer and organ transplantation populations. We followed 195 IDP with varied immune disorders and 35 healthy volunteers (HV) from April 2021-April 2022. Anti-spike IgG and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 pseudo-neutralization were measured though six months post-dose 3. Anti-spike IgG was detected in 93% of IDP by six months post-dose 3. IgG dynamics in IDP and HV were similar, though median IgG levels for IDP were <33% of HV at all timepoints. IgG concentrations were lower against Omicron BA.1 than other variants at all timepoints. Pseudo-neutralization capacity was modestly correlated with anti-spike IgG concentration, but was especially low for Omicron BA.1. Post-vaccination adverse events were minimal. Results were largely unaffected by participants’ immunomodulatory medication and treatments. COVID-19 vaccines are safe, induce anti-spike IgG in most IDP, and should be more strongly recommended for people with immunodeficiencies.
Delayed Impact of Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wang Yang , Du Haifeng , Havlin Shlomo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Interdisciplinary research increasingly fuels innovation, and is a key input for future breakthroughs. Yet when does interdisciplinary research achieve its major impact remains unclear. Here, we use the time of a paper to reach its citation peak to quantify citation dynamics, and examine its relationship with paper interdisciplinarity. Using large scale publication datasets spanning over 37 years, our results suggest that interdisciplinary papers show significant delayed impact both microscopically per paper and macroscopically collectively, as it takes longer time for interdisciplinary papers to reach their citation peak. Such relationships are nearly universal across various scientific disciplines. Furthermore, we study the underlying forces of such delayed impact, finding that the effect goes beyond the Matthew effect (i.e., the rich-get-richer effect). Finally, we find that team size and content conventionality cannot fully explain this effect. Overall, our results suggest that governments, research administrators, and funding agencies should be aware of this general feature of interdisciplinary science, which may have broad policy implications.
Inhibition of corrosion of an aluminum alloy by Rosemary and Eucalyptus extracted oils in 1M hydrochloric acid medium: Experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Laihemdi Fathia , Barhoumi Ali , Zarri Meryem , Tahiri Mohamed , CHAFI Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Corrosion is a common phenomenon in metals and alloys. It implies a degradation of material by chemical or electrochemical reactions with the environment. it undergoes a gradual loss of material at the points of contact with the surrounding environment. Among the various types of methods employed, one can use to prevent or retard the corrosion of metals and alloys, one applies a layer of paint, plastic or other protective material on the surface or one covers with a layer zinc. We can also apply an electric current to the surface of the metal to reduce the potential difference between the metal and the environment or even by formulating anti-rust solutions or choosing certain chemicals as anti-corrosion to slow down the corrosion process. The use of inhibitors is one of the best techniques that ensure the protection of metallic materials. This research aims to evaluate the inhibition efficiency of the rosemary (REO) and Eucalyptus Essential Oils (EEO) on aluminum in 1 M hydrochloric acid. The inhibition efficiency of the EOs will be examined using electrochemical methods such as potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results of this research will provide valuable information on the potential use of REO and EEO as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for metals in aqueous media. The inhibitory efficiency increases with the concentration of inhibitors and reaches a maximum value of 62% for Eucalyptus and 92% for Rosemary. These results testify to the mixed nature of the two inhibitors Rosemary and Eucalyptus with an anodic predominance. The transient electrochemical method attests to higher charge transfer resistances accompanied by lower and lower double-layer capacitance values when the concentration of rosemary and Eucalyptus increases. These results justify the adsorption of these inhibitors on the metal surface. The results from the three techniques used present a reasonable agreement between them. After testing three adsorption isotherms, it was found that the adsorption mechanism follows the Langmuir isotherm. The calculation of the atomic charges by the DFT/B3LYP method is carried out to assess the protective character of an inhibitor molecule adsorbed namely p-Cymene and Eucalyptol main constituents of the rosemary and eucalyptus essential oil. Monte Carlo Simulations (MC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) are undertaken at 25°C, to obtain the interaction energy between the two inhibitors and the Al (111) interface.
Health related quality of life of people with oculocutaneous albinism in Jinja, Uganda. A cross sectional study
Authors: Gaylord Inena wa inena , Sebastien Etongo Mozebo , Rachel Alinatwe , Ogik Peter , Kawuma Fazira , Manson Ngobi Henry , Roger Ilunga Muland , Augustine Kensale , Florent Ishimwe , Faruk Kizza , Amwiinhe Hassan , Muhumuza Joshua , Rehmus Wingfield , Ben Forry , Joseph Kirabira 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
The mixed understanding of albinism over the years and across civilizations globally has generated behaviours, attitudes and practices that have influenced the lives of people living with oculocutaneous albinism (PWA). If in some regions, they have been venerated, in the majority of regions, especially in Africa, the attitudes, behaviours and practices have negatively influenced the lives of people living with oculocutaneous albinism. Despite the fact that several attitudes, beliefs and behaviours capable to influence the quality of life of people with oculocutaneous albinism in the Busoga sub-region have been described, no information is available regarding the health related quality of life in the study area. The main objective of the present study was to determine the health related quality of life of people with oculocutaneous albinism in Jinja, Uganda.
Methods
A hospital based cross-sectional design was used to capture data from a study sample size of 384 adults living with oculocutaneous albinism in Jinja who were involved in completion of the Dermatology life quality index (DLQI) adult version. The results were determined by adding the scores of each question of DLQI together, yielding a maximum of 30 and a minimum of 0. The greater the score, the more worsening of one's quality of life was
Results
The analyses revealed that oculocutaneous albinism was found to have a very large effect on patient's life accounting for 48.7% of the participants. Only 5.7% of the participants reported that oculocutaneous albinism had no effect on their quality of life. The mean DLQI score was 14.55.
Conclusions
These findings show that oculocutaneous albinism affects negatively the quality of life of people with albinism in Jinja. Strategies targeting to solve different problems related to albinism must be taken to improve the quality of life of this vulnerable population in the study area.
Incidence of suboptimal femoral component sizing in Oxford Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty and comparisons for patient-reported outcomes with the optimal group: A retrospective cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Wen-Shuo , Chen Kuan-Ting , Ho Chung-Han , Wu Tsung-Mu , Huang Chien-Cheng , Chien Chi-Sheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The Oxford Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty (OUKA) is a reliable surgical procedure for anteromedial osteoarthritis of the knee. However, in Taiwan, the incidence and patient-reported outcomes in suboptimal femoral component sizing remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted this study to clarify these issues.
Methods: We identified all patients receiving OUKA in a Taiwan medical center between May 1, 2018, and August 31, 2021, for this study. Age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, preoperative and postoperative Knee Society Score (KSS) functional activity score, and postoperative range of motion (ROM) and numeric rating scale (NRS) were included. Optimal and suboptimal groups were classified based on the posterior fit of the femoral component on postoperative lateral radiography. Outcome comparisons were performed between the two groups after following up.
Results: Ninety-two patients (111 knees) were included in the study, including 79 (71.2%) knees in the optimal group and 32 (28.8%) knees in the suboptimal group. The median age was 68 years and 67 years, and the percentage of the male sex was 17.7% and 37.5% in the optimal and suboptimal groups, respectively. Compared with the suboptimal group, there was a greater improvement in KSS functional activity score in the optimal group; however, the difference was not significant (40 vs. 34, p = 0.154). Nonsignificant differences were also found between the two groups in the postoperative KSS functional activity score and the postoperative NRS and ROM.
Conclusions: This study delineated the incidence and patient-reported outcomes in suboptimal femoral component sizing after OUKA in Taiwan, which provides an important reference for clinicians. Further studies, including more patients, are needed for validation.
SCAMPI – database-free neural network reconstruction for undersampled Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Siedler Thomas , Jakob Peter , Herold Volker 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Reducing acquisition time in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is mainly based on vast undersampling of the data measured in spatial frequency domain. The resulting artifacts are reduced by various reconstruction algorithms. Here, we present SCAMPI Sparsity Constrained Application of deep Magnetic resonance Priors for Image reconstruction), a deep Neural Network, that utilizes the Deep Image Prior approach together with sparsity constraints to reconstruct undersampled MRI data without any previous training on external datasets. Two-dimensional MRI data from the public FastMRI dataset with Cartesian undersampling in phase-encoding direction were reconstructed for different acceleration rates for single coil and multicoil data. Performance of the proposed architecture was compared to Parallel Imaging with Compressed Sensing. SCAMPI outperforms these state-of-the-art algorithms by better reducing undersampling artifacts and yielding lower error metrics in multicoil imaging. It is a novel tool for reconstructing undersampled single coil k-space data. Furthermore, SCAMPI works on multicoil data without explicit knowledge of coil sensitivity profiles. The presented approach avoids overfitting to dataset features, that can occur in Neural Networks trained on databases.
24 hour mortality and its predictors among road traffic accident victims in a resource limited setting; a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Kamabu Kinyamaniyi , Soria Jorge La O , Tumwesigye Deus , Okedi Xaviour Francis , Kyomukama Lauben , Muhumuza Joshua , Musinguzi Brian , Kavuma Daniel , Mutume Bives Nzanzu Vivalya , Loduk Michael , Abdullah Wani Shabani 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The incidence of road traffic accidents (RTAs) is on the rise contributing to the global burden of mortality as a major global health threat. It has been estimated that 93% of RTAs and more than 90% of the resulting deaths occur in low and middle income countries. Though death due to RTAs has been occurring at an alarming rate, there is paucity of data relating to incidence and predictors of early mortality. This study was aimed at determining the 24 hour mortality and its predictors among RTA patients attending selected hospitals in western Uganda.
Methods
This was a prospective cohort that consecutively enrolled 211 RTA victims admitted and managed in emergency units of 6 hospitals in western Uganda. All patients who presented with a history of trauma were managed according to the advanced trauma life support protocol (ATLS). The outcome regarding death was documented at 24 hours from injury. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 for windows.
Results
Majority of the participants were male (85.8%) aged 15–45 years (76.3%). The most common road user category was motorcyclists (48.8%). The 24 hour mortality was 14.69%. At multivariate analysis, it was observed that a motorcyclist was 5.917 times more likely to die compared to a pedestrian (P = 0.016). It was also observed that a patient with severe injury was 15.625 times more likely to die compared to one with a moderate injury (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
The incidence of 24 hour mortality among road traffic accident victims was high. Being motorcycle rider and severity of injury according to Kampala trauma score II predicted mortality. Motorcyclists should be reminded to be more careful while using the road. Trauma patients should be assessed for severity, and the findings used to guide management.
Prioritization and the Direction of Effect and Impressionability of Information Literacy Components by DEMATEL Technique
Authors: keykha batul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose The importance and priority of information literacy skills and their mutual effects have been neglected in the development and design of information literacy curricula. The present study aimed to prioritize and examine the direction of effect and impressionability of information literacy skills components for Iranian university students to improve their skills and promote skills instruction within academia. Methodology This was applied quantitative research using multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDMs) and DEMATEL pairwise comparisons. The statistical population comprised 16 information literacy scholars as DEMATEL experts who were purposively selected after variance estimation. The data were collected via a questionnaire (DEMATEL matrix), and the results were analyzed in MATLAB using the fishbone model. The effects and impressionability of information literacy skills components were analyzed and weighted using the DEMATEL matrix. Results To enhance students' information literacy skills, the components were prioritized as follows:information access, information combination, understanding and identifying informational needs, information evaluation, information use, andinformation dissemination skills.The prioritized components of the model had larger relative weights and were thus more significant in terms of the need for instruction and enhancement. Conclusion Considering the mutual effects of components, their significance, and priority, they greatly contribute to decision-making and the adoption of appropriate measures to develop information literacy skills curricula and guide information literacy policy-makers, professors, and researchers. The use of MCDM and pairwise comparison techniques as innovative approaches in information literacy research is also fruitful and practical for developing information literacy skills curricula in universities and other contexts.
Identification and analysis of characteristic flavor compounds in baked potato of different cultivars based on HS-GC-IMS
Authors: Duan Wen-sheng , Jiang Hong , Liu Xiao-feng , Wen Guo-hong , Zhou Ai-lan , Zeng Fan-kui K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, the volatile flavor compounds of baked potatoes from different cultivars were identified and analyzed via headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) together with principal component analysis (PCA). Totally, 88 signal peaks were detected, and 64 compounds were identified and classified into 25 aldehydes, 14 alcohols, 11 ketones, 5 esters, 2 furans, 1 pyrazine and others. Based on the signal intensity of the identified compounds, topographic plots and fingerprints were established to investigate the differences caused by cultivars. The main compounds including aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, esters, furan and pyrazine varied with cultivars, which were more abundant in B5 and B6 cultivars. Moreover, PCA and fingerprint similarity analysis clearly showed that these samples are independent and distinguishable. Results also showed that the GC-IMS technique might be helpful and useful in the rapid detection of volatile compounds in cooked potatoes and provide support for the domestic and industrial products.
Bespoke Virtual Machine Orchestrator: An Approach for Constructing and Reconfiguring Bespoke Virtual Machine in Private Cloud Environment
Authors: Park Joonseok , Jeong Sumin , Yeom Keunhyuk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A cloud-computing company or user needs to create a virtual machine to build and operate a cloud environment. With the growth of cloud computing, it is necessary to build virtual machines that reflect the needs of companies and users. In this paper, we propose a Bespoke Virtual Machine Orchestrator (BVMO) as a method of constructing a virtual machine. The BVMO builds resource volumes as core assets to meet user requirements and builds virtual machines by reusing and combining these resource volumes. This can increase the reusability and flexibility of virtual machine construction. A case study was conducted to build a virtual machine by applying the proposed BVMO to an actual OpenStack cloud platform, and it was confirmed that the construction time of the virtual machine was reduced compared with that of the existing method.
Evaluating the impact of noise on the performance of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver
Authors: Oliv Marita , Matic-Flierl Andrea , Messerer Thomas , Lorenz Jeanette M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Quantum computers are expected to be highly beneficial for chemistry simulations, promising significant improvements in accuracy and speed. The most prominent algorithm for chemistry simulations on NISQ devices is the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE). It is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm which calculates the ground state energy of a Hamiltonian based on parametrized quantum circuits, while a classical optimizer is used to find optimal parameter values. However, quantum hardware is affected by noise, and it needs to be understood to which extent it can degrade the performance of the VQE algorithm. In this paper, we study the impact of noise on the example of the hydrogen molecule. First, we compare the VQE performance for a set of various optimizers, from which we find NFT to be the most suitable one. Next, we quantify the effect of different noise sources by systematically increasing their strength. The noise intensity is varied around values common to superconducting devices of IBM Q, and curve fitting is used to model the relationship between the obtained energy values and the noise magnitude. Since the amount of noise in a circuit highly depends on its architecture, we perform our studies for different ansatzes, including both hardware-efficient and chemistry-inspired ones. Finally, we compare our results from noisy simulations with experiments on different IBM hardware devices.
A systematic review of CSF biomarker discovery in neuro-oncology: A roadmap to standardization and clinical application
Authors: Mikolajewicz Nicholas , Yee Patricia , Bhanja Debarati , Trifoi Mara , Kislinger Thomas , Mansouri Alireza 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Effective diagnosis, prognostication and management of central nervous system (CNS) malignancies traditionally involves invasive brain biopsy but sampling and molecular profiling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a safer, rapid and non-invasive alternative that can offer a snapshot of the intracranial milieu. While numerous assays and biomarkers have been analyzed, translational challenges remain, and standardization of protocols is necessary. Here we systematically reviewed 141 studies (Medline, SCOPUS, and Biosis databases; published between January 2000 and September 29th, 2022) that molecularly profiled CSF from adults with brain malignancies including glioma, brain metastasis (BrM), and CNS lymphoma (CNSL). We provide an overview of promising CSF biomarkers, propose CSF reporting guidelines, and discuss the various considerations that go into biomarker discovery, including the influence of blood-brain barrier disruption, type of biomarker (i.e., tumor cell DNA, RNA, protein), cell-of-origin, and site of CSF acquisition (e.g., lumbar, ventricular). We also performed a meta-analysis of proteomic datasets, identifying biomarkers in CNS malignancies and establishing a resource for the research community.