bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid tumor microenvironment enhances WNT signaling pathway of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer
Authors: Xu Huawei , Hao Zhibin , Wang Yujie , Zhang Deng , Li Jie , Chen Ling , Yao Ninghua , Qian Binbin , Peng Xiaobo , Zhan Xianbao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGastric cancer remains one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide and peritoneal metastasis is responsible for approximately 60% of death in advanced gastric cancer patients. However, the underlying mechanism of peritoneal metastasis is poorly understood. We have established organoids derived from malignant ascites (MA) of gastric cancer patients and noticed that MA supernatant could strongly increase the colony formation of organoids. Thus, we realized the interaction between exfoliated cancer cells (ECCs) and liquid tumor microenvironment contributes to peritoneal metastasis. Further, we designed a medium component control test which proved that exosomes derived from MA could not enhance the growth of organoids. Using Immunofluorescence and confocal imaging as well as dual-luciferase reporter assay, our data showed WNT signaling pathway was upregulated by high concentrations of WNT ligands (wnt3a and wnt5a), which was verified by ELISA. Besides, suppressing WNT signaling pathway diminished the growth promoting function of MA supernatant. This result implicated WNT signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target for peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.
Bacillus coagulans MZY531 alleviates intestinal mucosal injury in immunosuppressive mice via modulating intestinal barrier, inflammatory response, and gut microbiota
Authors: Zhao Zhongwei , Sun Manqing , Cui Xinmu , Chen Jiaxin , Liu Chunhong , Zhang Xuewu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBacillus coagulans has a potential role in improving intestinal injury. However, the specific mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the protective effect of B. coagulans MZY531 on intestinal mucosa injury in cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced immunosuppressed mice were investigated. The results indicated that the immune organ (thymus and spleen) indices of B. coagulans MZY531 treatment groups were significantly increased compared to the CYP group. B. coagulans MZY531 administration promotes the expression of immune proteins (IgA, IgE, IgG, and IgM). B. coagulans MZY531 could upregulate the ileum levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in immunosuppressed mice. Moreover, B. coagulans MZY531 restores the villus height and crypt depth of the jejunum and alleviates injury of intestinal endothelial cells caused by CYP. Furthermore, the western blotting results showed that B. coagulans MZY531 ameliorated CYP-induced intestinal mucosal injury and inflammatory via up-regulates the ZO-1 pathway and down-regulates the expression of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. After treatment with B. coagulans MZY531, the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum was dramatically increased, as well as the genera of Prevotella and Bifidobacterium, and reducing harmful bacteria. These findings suggested that B. coagulans MZY531 has a potential immunomodulatory activity on chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression.
Interannual fires as a source for subarctic summer decadal climate variability mediated by permafrost thawing
Authors: Kim Ji-Eun , Yamaguchi Ryohei , Rodgers Keith B. , Timmermann Axel , Lee Sun-Seon , Stein Karl , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Lamarque Jean-Francois , Fasullo John T. , Deser Clara , Rosenbloom Nan , Edwards Jim , Stuecker Malte F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClimate model simulations run under the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) use an inhomogeneous biomass burning aerosol (BBA) emission dataset, which exhibits pronounced interannual variability from 1997–2014 due to the infusion of satellite data. Using the Community Earth System Model version 2 Large Ensemble (CESM2-LE) with original and smoothed CMIP6 BBA forcings, we show that the CMIP6 data inhomogeneity causes spurious decadal subarctic land warming. During years with reduced aerosol concentrations, increased solar radiation can trigger abrupt subarctic permafrost thawing, increased soil water drainage, upper soil drying, and subsequent surface warming. This slow process, which is further amplified by nonlinear cloud-aerosol interactions, cannot be completely offset during years of increased aerosol fluxes, thereby reddening surface temperature spectra in response to large-amplitude interannual aerosol forcing. More generally, our CESM2 experiments identify a pathway for generating decadal variability in high latitudes, involving interannual shortwave forcing and slow nonlinear soil responses.
Continuing large-scale global trade and illegal trade of highly hazardous chemicals
Authors: Zou Hongyan , Wang Tao , Wang Zhong-Liang , Wang Zhanyun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPollution caused by anthropogenic chemicals contributes to interlinked planetary crises, together with climate change and biodiversity loss. One of the key treaties adopted to regulate the transboundary movements of hazardous chemicals is the Rotterdam Convention, which created a framework for countries to better handle the international trade of certain hazardous chemicals. To date, research examining the effectiveness of the Convention has been scarce. Here we analysed 66,156 trade records from the United Nations Comtrade database using a workflow that comprehensively addresses data-quality issues in the database. We found that for 46 listed chemicals, at least 64.5 megatonnes were traded in 2004–2019, and illegal trade was prevalent, reaching at least 25,324 trade records and 25.7 megatonnes. For over 70% of the listed chemicals, the Convention has played a positive role, but large-scale trade of some well-known chemicals such as tetraethyl and tetramethyl lead continues. Concerted efforts are warranted to improve how highly hazardous chemicals are traded globally, including enhancing enforcement of the Convention, addressing illegal trade and swiftly listing problematic chemicals (for example, chrysotile asbestos) in the Convention.
Highly accurate and large-scale collision cross sections prediction with graph neural networks
Authors: Guo Renfeng , Zhang Youjia , Liao Yuxuan , Yang Qiong , Xie Ting , Fan Xiaqiong , Lin Zhonglong , Chen Yi , Lu Hongmei , Zhang Zhimin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe collision cross section (CCS) values derived from ion mobility spectrometry can be used to improve the accuracy of compound identification. Here, we have developed the Structure included graph merging with adduct method for CCS prediction (SigmaCCS) based on graph neural networks using 3D conformers as inputs. A model was trained, evaluated, and tested with >5,000 experimental CCS values. It achieved a coefficient of determination of 0.9945 and a median relative error of 1.1751% on the test set. The model-agnostic interpretation method and the visualization of the learned representations were used to investigate the chemical rationality of SigmaCCS. An in-silico database with 282 million CCS values was generated for three different adduct types of 94 million compounds. Its source code is publicly available at https://github.com/zmzhang/SigmaCCS. Altogether, SigmaCCS is an accurate, rational, and off-the-shelf method to directly predict CCS values from molecular structures.
Approaching a thermal tipping point in the Eurasian boreal forest at its southern margin
Authors: Rao Mukund Palat , Davi Nicole K. , Magney Troy S. , Andreu-Hayles Laia , Nachin Baatarbileg , Suran Byambagerel , Varuolo-Clarke Arianna M. , Cook Benjamin I. , D’Arrigo Rosanne D. , Pederson Neil , Odrentsen Lkhagvajargal , Rodríguez-Catón Milagros , Leland Caroline , Burentogtokh Jargalan , Gardner William R. M. , Griffin Kevin L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClimate change is increasing the intensity and frequency of extreme heat events. Ecological responses to extreme heat will depend on vegetation physiology and thermal tolerance. Here we report thatLarix sibirica, a foundation species across boreal Eurasia, is vulnerable to extreme heat at its southern range margin due to its low thermal tolerance (Tcritof photosynthesis: ~ 37–48 °C). Projections from CMIP6 Earth System Models (ESMs) suggest that leaf temperatures might exceed the 25thpercentile ofLarix sibirica’s Tcritby two to three days per year within the next two to three decades (by 2050) under high emission scenarios (SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5). This degree of warming will threaten the biome’s continued ability to assimilate and sequester carbon. This work highlights that under high emission trajectories we may approach an abrupt ecological tipping point in southern boreal Eurasian forests substantially sooner than ESM estimates that do not consider plant thermal tolerance traits.
Dichotomy between freshwater and heat flux effects on oceanic conveyor belt stability and global climate
Authors: Hu Aixue , Meehl Gerald A. , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Han Weiqing , Otto-Bliesner Bette , He Feng , Wu Tongwen , Rosenbloom Nan , Strand Warren G. , Edwards James 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Atlantic meridional overturning circulation is an important global-scale oceanic circulation, and its changes may be responsible for past abrupt climate change events. By using two versions of a coupled climate model, here we show that the stability of this circulation depends not only on the background climate, but also on the type of primary external forcing: freshwater vs. greenhouse gases. When freshwater forcing is dominant, hysteresis of this circulation (an abrupt collapse/reactivation) becomes possible only under simulated glacial conditions with closed Bering Strait. Under present day and future conditions, both freshwater and greenhouse gas forcings could collapse this circulation, but only greenhouse gas forcing produced a bi-stable equilibrium state comparable to abrupt climate change. Our results demonstrate that the Bering Strait status (open vs. closed) may facilitate or prohibit the existence of this circulation’s hysteresis, irrespective of the background climate conditions, but is directly related to the primary forcing.
Power system stability assessment method based on GAN and GRU‐Attention using incomplete voltage data
Authors: Deng Xuan , Hu Yufan , Jia Yiyang , Peng Mao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe social economy is growing rapidly, and the power grid load demand is increasing. To maintain the stability of the power grid, it is crucial to achieve accurate and rapid power system stability assessment. In the actual operation of the power network, data loss is an unavoidable situation. However, most of the data‐driven models currently used assume that the input data is complete, which has obvious limitations in real‐world applications. This paper suggests an IVS‐GAN model to assess power system stability using incomplete phasor measurement unit measurement data with random loss. The proposed method combines the super‐resolution perception technology based on generative adversarial network (GAN) with a time‐series signal classification model. The generator adopts a 1D U‐Net network and uses convolutional layers to complete and recover missing data. The discriminator adopts a new gated recurrent unit–attention architecture proposed here to better extract voltage temporal variation features on key buses. The result of this paper is that the stability evaluation method outperforms other algorithms in high voltage data loss rates on the New England 10‐machine 39‐bus system.
Acute and Chronic Effects of Strength Training on Plasma Levels of
Adipokines in Man
Authors: Barroso Lucélia Scarabeli Silva , Faria Marcelo Henrique Salviano , Souza-Gomes Antonio Felipe , Barros João Luís Vieira Monteiro , Kakehasi Adriana Maria , Vieira Erica Leandro Marciano , Simões e Silva Ana Cristina , Nunes-Silva Albená 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdipose tissue is specialized cells that produce and release adipokines. Exercise
may modulate adipokine production in adipocytes. The aim of this longitudinal
study was to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of strength training (ST) on
plasma levels of adiponectin, leptin, and resistin. Twelve untrained young male
participants (23.42±2.67 years) were selected. The training protocol
consisted of 3 exercises, with 3 sets of 65% of 1RM (one-repetition
maximum) with pause of 90 s between sets with duration of
5 s/repetition (2 s conc/3 s ecc), 3
times a week for 10 weeks. Blood was collected at four time points: before and
after the first ST session and before and after the last ST session. The
comparisons between adipokine levels before and after the same training session
showed acute changes, while the comparisons between levels before or after the
first session versus before or after the last session revealed chronic
alterations. ST increased adiponectin levels after the first exercise session in
comparison to levels before this session [50 952 (46 568–51 894)
pg/mL vs. 52 981 (49 901–54 467) pg/mL,
p=0.019]. Similar differences were observed for resistin levels, which
were higher after the last session compared to before [4 214.4 (±829)
pg/mL vs. pre-S30 2 251.3 (±462.2) pg/mL,
p=0.0008] and in the comparison between after the last and after the
first ST sessions [4 214.4 (±829.0) pg/mL vs. 1 563.7
(±284.8) pg/mL, p=0.004]. Leptin levels acutely changed
in the last training session. ST produced acute and chronic changes in plasma
adipokines.
Reconstruction of Upper and Lower Limb Defects with Medial Sural Artery Perforator Flaps: Is Aesthetics Worth the Effort? A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Alharbi Ziyad , Qari Sarah , Almarzouqi Faris , Khatib Khalid , Tsolakidis Savas , Fathuldeen Anas , Grieb Gerrit , Rennekampff Hans-Oliver 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background One of the most essential goals in managing complex limb defects is obtaining adequate soft tissue coverage with excellent functional and aesthetic outcomes. Free perforator skin flaps represent an optimal option for such defects. Therefore, our intention was to reconstruct these kinds of defects with thin fasciocutaneous flaps without the need for debulking. Herein, we define the legitimate use of the medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flaps for small-moderate size defect coverage of the hand and foot.
Patients and Methods Seven patients received MSAP flaps for reconstruction of different hand and foot defects, of which the majority were males (4/7). Age, sex, flap size, location, number of perforators, recipient vessel, type of anastomosis, technique of donor site closure, and postoperative morbidity were recorded. Patients' age ranged from 48 to 84 years.
Results Single-stage debridement followed by reconstruction was performed. Flap sizes ranged from 6 to 18 cm in length and 4 to 10 cm in width. The pedicles of 6 flaps were anastomosed to the tibial artery system (three posterior tibial artery, three dorsalis pedis artery) and one to the ulnar artery.
Conclusion MSAP flap can be a versatile option for single-stage reconstruction of small-moderate size defects of the extremities, where thin, soft tissue envelope is required. This flap has lower donor site morbidity, more tedious elevation process, and has a good reconstructive and aesthetic result without the need for debulking in the future.
Imaging of Small Bowel Tumors and Mimics
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Lamichane Saurav , Bhatia Harsimran , Singhal Manphool , Sharma Vishal , Singh Harjeet , Kumar Rajender , Sandhu Manavjit Singh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSmall bowel tumors are rare with nonspecific and protean clinical presentation. Early diagnosis of small bowel tumors is desirable as they can be associated with significant morbidity. In malignant small bowel tumors, delayed diagnosis may result in dissemination and metastasis leading to poor clinical outcomes. Imaging evaluation of small bowel can be challenging due to unpredictable luminal distension, peristalsis, and motion. In addition, the lack of distinction between the intraluminal lesions and intraluminal contents can be difficult at times. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) enterography are the most common imaging techniques for the evaluation of small bowel tumors. While these techniques may not be able to detect small tumors, they provide comprehensive evaluation of lumen, wall, and extramural structures in tumors more than 2 cm. Acquaintance of imaging appearance of common benign and malignant small bowel tumors may allow improved detection during evaluation of CT and MR enterography studies. In this review, we discuss the imaging appearances, approach, and differential diagnosis of small bowel tumors on cross-sectional imaging studies.
Effectiveness Evaluation of Preventive Embolization of the Internal Iliac Artery in Preventing Type II Endoleaks
Authors: Zemlyanskiy Viktor , Zemlyanskaya Natalya , Sultanaliev Tokan , Dautov Tairkhan , Kozhahmetov Saken , Openko Vladimir 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method of preventive embolization of the internal iliac arteries using a liquid tantalum-containing ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer.
Methods In this nonrandomized clinical study with a retrospective control group, 55 patients with aneurysmal lesions of the infrarenal abdominal aorta participated. In the course of this study, we developed and implemented a method of preventive embolization of the ostia of the internal iliac artery using a liquid tantalum containing ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having viscosity of 34 centipoise. The method was applied in 27 cases in patients with aneurysmal lesions of the infrarenal abdominal aorta with unilateral involvement of the common iliac artery. The maximum follow-up period at the stage of publication of the results was 24 months.
Results The proposed method of embolization of the internal iliac artery is accompanied by an absolute risk of developing type II endoleak 0.393 (95% confidence interval: 0.2120–0.5738, p = 0.029); therefore, when using the new technique, there is a decrease in the absolute risk of developing type II endoleak by 39.3%.
Conclusion The proposed method of preventive embolization allows to perform reliable occlusion of the internal iliac artery as proximally as possible, which makes it possible to maintain distal blood flow in the internal iliac artery and minimizes the risks of ischemic events.
Metacognitive reading strategies and its relationship with Filipino high school students’ reading proficiency: insights from the PISA 2018 data
Authors: Bernardo Allan B. I. , Mante-Estacio Ma. Joahna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLearners’ metacognitive reading strategies support their attempts to draw meaning from texts and to overcome comprehension difficulties. For second language readers, such strategies may compensate for lack of language proficiency while reading. Taking a sample from a country that ranked last in the PISA 2018 reading assessment, this study aims to investigate potential discrepancies in how students evaluate the usefulness of specific reading strategies and how these conceptions are associated with related to the students’ reading proficiency. We explored the association between metacognitive reading strategies with reading proficiency by analysing data from a nationally representative sample of 15-year-old students who participated in the PISA 2018 (N = 6591). Awareness of different reading strategies was compared using repeated measures ANOVA; relationships with reading proficiency were examined using regression analysis. Self-reports on metacognitive reading strategies accounted for a significant portion of the variation in Filipino students’ English reading proficiency, after controlling for SES, sex, and number of books at home. The reading strategies perceived as most useful were not the most strongly associated with reading proficiency, suggesting that students may not be aware of which reading strategies are helpful in learning to read in English. The results indicate variations in the students’ awareness of which strategies aid in their reading comprehension and point to the need to better understand how effective reading strategy instruction is taught to and is engaged by Filipino students in their reading classes.
The influence of psychological capital and social capital on women entrepreneurs’ intentions: the mediating role of attitude
Authors: Jalil Muhammad Farhan , Ali Azlan , Kamarulzaman Rashidah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntention plays a critical role in enhancing entrepreneurial activity among women entrepreneurs. Although several studies have revealed that psychological capital influences intention formation, few have explored this relationship when dealing with social capital and entrepreneurial attitudes. This research designed a structural model to construct women entrepreneurs’ intentions, including the interaction of psychological capital, social capital, and entrepreneurial attitudes. Based on self-administered or online questionnaires filled out by 479 Malaysian women entrepreneurs, data was collected using stratified random sampling. Structural equation modeling (AMOS 21.0) was used to analyze the data and test hypotheses. Bootstrap confidence intervals were calculated to determine the mediating effect. The findings show that social capital, psychological capital, and entrepreneurial attitudes interact to encourage women entrepreneurs’ intentions to expand their businesses. Social capital and women entrepreneurs’ intentions were partially mediated by entrepreneurial attitudes. Lastly, entrepreneurial attitudes were also discovered to partially mediate the influential relationship between psychological capital and women entrepreneurs’ intentions. This research sheds new light on women entrepreneurs’ intentions to expand their entrepreneurial activities, which has policy implications. Moreover, future research directions and theoretical insights are discussed.
The role of charge-exchange processes in probing hydrogen plasma with a heavy ion beam
Authors: Tolstikhina Inga Yu , Shevelko V. P. 
Published: July 2023

Charge-changing processes of low-charged ions, used in hydrogen plasma probing by the heavy ion beam probe method, are considered. Along with the ionization of beam ions by plasma electrons and protons, the charge-exchange processes of ions on H atoms and protons are also studied. It is shown that charge exchange of beam ions on plasma protons and H atoms, which is rarely taken into account, plays an important role in beam–plasma interaction. New data on the cross sections and rates of ionization and charge-exchange processes are presented for Tl+ and Tl2+ ions, which are frequently used for plasma diagnostics. Calculations are performed for hydrogen plasma temperatures Te = 1 eV–10 keV and densities Ne = 1012–1014 cm−3 at relatively low and high ion-beam velocities vb = 0.2 and 1.0 a.u., respectively. Special attention is paid to the determination of the electron temperatures at which the charge-exchange processes on H atoms and protons are important. Multiple ionization of beam ions by plasma electrons and protons is briefly discussed.