bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Rumah Sakit X Mandau
Authors: Susanto Agus , Siregar Yusni Ikhwan , Bayhakki Bayhakki 
Published: June 2023

Hospitals as health service institutions that carry out individual health services in a plenary manner, apart from having a positive impact, they also have a negative impact on the environment and public health by producing medical waste. As a health service provider, hospital managers are obliged to prevent environmental pollution and maintain public health. This can be achieved by carrying out proper and correct medical waste management in accordance with applicable regulations. X Mandau Hospital has implemented medical waste management even though it is not optimal and still has many shortcomings. This study aims to analyze medical waste management at X Mandau Hospital using a regulatory approach and the factors that are considered to influence medical waste management.This type of research is observational research by describing the medical waste management system from the input and process aspects to find out the problems that exist in medical waste management at X Mandau Hospital and to develop a medical waste management strategy based on factors that affect both internal and external use. SWOT analysis. The types of data used are primary data, secondary data and literature studies. The results of research at X Mandau Hospital show that the stages in medical waste management are still not in accordance with applicable regulations. In the reduction and sorting stage, the storage stage and the processing stage, serious violations were found. With an average medical waste generation of 88.98 kg / day and with the inoperable condition of medical waste treatment equipment, Hospital X is considered to be facing serious medical waste management problems. The main problem found in the input aspect is the absence of good planning in the budgeting process for system development, operation and maintenance, this then has an impact on handling the generation of medical waste. In the process aspect, operational techniques that have not met the applicable regulations have resulted in conflicts with the community which have resulted in the rejection of incinerator operations. On the other hand, the incinerator operation itself has not yet obtained a processing permit from the authorized agency. To deal with this problem, the management strategy that can be taken is to carry out efforts to develop and improve medical waste treatment facilities utilizing government support, availability of human resources, budget, facilities and infrastructure as well as the availability of technology to then take advantage of opportunities for collaboration with other parties in medical waste treatment.
Kecerdasan emosional sebagai pemoderasi pada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecurangan akuntansi
Authors: Silfi Alfiati , Savitri Devi , Faradisty Astrid 
Published: June 2023

The objective of the study is to investigate the influence between Asymetry information, Compensation suitable and Organization culture ethic toward Accounting fraud with Emotional Intelligence as Moderated variable. The sample in this study is from 89 respondents at OPD of Indragiri Hulu goverment in Riau province. Data were analyzed with SPSS by regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analaylis to examine the influence of Asymetry information, Compensation suitable and Organization culture ethic toward Accounting fraud. The result shows that hypotheses 1, 2 and 3 are eaccepted. But the hypotheses 4, 5 and 6 are not accepted.
A Review of the Proximity Literature: Supply Chain’s Missing Link
Authors: Cortes Juan David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFirms that span a wide array of locations, cultures, and industries have to interact with one another and make efforts to effectively coordinate their supply chains. This has led the concept of proximity to be increasingly important in different streams of literature. However, proximity in the context of supply chain represents an important construct that lacks a clear conceptualization and needs further research. In this paper, we contribute to the body of literature on proximity as well as that of supply chain by proposing an extension to existing proximity frameworks and incorporating a new dimension of supply chain proximity. We conduct a systematic review of supply chain and other relevant literatures, summarize key findings, and present a new multidimensional framework of proximity, inclusive of supply chain management. We discuss methodological issues, and outline research suggestions for different streams of literature.
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Helminthes in Pigs Reared in Research Farms of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Charles Amaechi Ebube , Innocent Dike Miracle , Mkpola Ukpai Onyinye , Uzoamaka Ejike Blessing 
Published: June 2023

Gastrointestinal parasitism in swine production is a world-wide problem especially in tropical resource-poor countries. These infections in animals result in significant economic losses. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and spectrum of gastrointestinal parasites of pigs reared in two research farms in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, South eastern Nigeria. From April, 2016 to July, 2016, 220 samples of pig faeces from two research farms (CASAP Research Farm and MOUAU Commercial Pig Farm) were analyzed using floatation and direct smear methods to identify varied parasitic stages present in the faeces. Data generated showed an overall prevalence of 64.6% (142/220) in the two farms. Five parasite species made up of four Nematode and one Cestode were observed namely Ascaris suum (26.4%), Trichuris suis (26.4%), Strongyloides spp (21.9%), Oesophagostomum dentatum (20.0%) and Pseudanoplocephala spp. (5.6%). Mixed infections were also observed. Those within the ages of 0-8months had the highest prevalence (74.12%). Further, 67.42% male pigs and 62.60% of female pigs were found to be infected with one or the other endoparasite revealing a high prevalence of parasitic problems within Umudike. It is recommended that pigs should be treated regularly to prevent or reduce infection to the barest minimal level.
Análise das internações por helmintíases e sua relação com indicadores de saúde no estado do Pará – Brasil: série histórica de 2010 -2021
Authors: Carvalho Vouzela Rebeca , Maciel Rodrigo Tavares , Silva Rosa Lorena Stival Mendes da Rocha Lopes da , Ramos Thiago Cardoso , Carvalho Hugo de Oliveira Cutrim , Sekioka Ana Clara Akemi Aragão , Chaves Elem Cristina Rodrigues , Mendonça Maria Helena Rodrigues de 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil das internações por helmintíase e sua relação com os indicadores de saúde no estado do Pará/BR, entre 2010 e 2021. Métodos: Estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa das características epidemiológicas das internações por helmintíase no estado do Pará, no período de 2010 a 2021. Resultados: Houve aumento na taxa de internação no Brasil, contudo, com Norte, Pará e Belém expondo taxa maior que nível nacional durante período; expondo taxa no estado do Pará crescente de até 75% entre 2020 e 2021 (0,4/100mil – 0,7/100mil), com frequência média maior em mulheres (51%), entre 1 e 9 anos (63,7%) e cobertura de atenção básica em 59%. Aos municípios, a taxa de internação foi máxima de 0,79/1000 em Jacareacanga e mínima de 0,01/1000 em Ananindeua; com variação na proporção de internação (0,001 – 0,1), valor médio das internações (R$189,7 – R$479,1), proporção dos gastos (0,4 – 1,2), IDHM baixo (0,500 – 0,594), e os piores índices de saneamento, sobretudo, no esgotamento sanitário (1,1% - 55,1%). Conclusão: A partir do cenário epidemiológico, infere-se uma relação entre as elevadas taxas de internação e o contexto social e ambiental nos municípios do estado do Pará.
Palavras-chave: Helmintíase; Indicador de Saúde; Saneamento básico.
Evaluate different nanoparticles into dental restorative materials
Authors: Rohaninasab Marzieh , Hajebi Farimah , Ahangarnezhad Sheida Hosseinian , Hoseini Amirahmad Pahlavan 
Published: June 2023

Background and aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate different nanoparticles in dental restorative materials. Method: Databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase were searched for systematic literature between 2012 to July 2022. Data analysis was performed using STATA/MP V17 software. 95% confidence interval for mean differences or Hedges' g (a measure of effect size) with fixed effect model and Inverse-variance method were calculated. Result: In the initial review, duplicate studies were eliminated and abstracts of 151 studies were reviewed, the full text of 42 studies was reviewed by two authors, and finally, 11 studies were selected. Hedges' g of changes to the bacterial activity of dental restorative materials for silver nanoparticles was –1.90 (Hedges' g -1.90 95% CI -2.52, -1.28), for calcium phosphate nanoparticles, was –0.64 (Hedges' g -0.64 95% CI -2.03, 0.94), for CaP/Ag nanoparticles was –0.44 (Hedges' g -0.44 95% CI –1.83, 0.94) and Hedges' g of changes to the bacterial activity of dental restorative materials for Titanium dioxide nanoparticles was –2.41 (Hedges' g -2.41 95% CI –3.11, -1.72).
Identification of scuttle fly Dohrniphora cornuta (Bigot, 1857)(Diptera: Phoridae), from edible mushroom farms in central of Iraq.
Authors: Mustafa Jewad Al-Fayyadh  
Published: June 2023

The Phoridae family, which contains approximately 4,000 species in more than 260 genera, is one of the largest families of Diptera ,The scuttle fly have been found in variety of environment, they are associated with late stages of composition . In current study both males and females of Dohrniphora cornuta were collected and identified for the first time from the farms of edible mushrooms in Al-Dwaniya province, central of Iraq.
The specimens were studied and identified in laboratories of Sumer university, college of soil and water sources, deposited in 70% ethyl alcohol.
THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL INTENSITY RATIO, RETURN ON ASSET, AND FIRM SIZE ON TAX AGRESSIVINESS
Authors: Wahyu Ferawati Indah 
Published: June 2023

This research aims to analyze the effect of capital intensity ratio, return on asset, and firm size on tax agressiviness. The sample of this research are property and real estate companies which listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange period 2017-2019. The method which used in this research is purposive sampling and multiple linear regression analysis to analyze data and supported by SPSS version 2.2.
The result of this research show simustaneously the capital intensity ratio, return on asset, and firm size on tax agressiviness. While partially show the caapital intesity ratio and return on asset has influence on tax agressiviness. Firm size doesn’t have an influence on tax agressiviness. For the result of coefficient determination testing (R2) show the value 0,231, which mean that 23,1% has influence by independent variable and the rest influenced by another factors.
พฤติกรรมผู้บริโภคที่ส่งผลต่อความสำเร็จของธุรกิจส่งอาหารออนไลน์ในช่วงการแพร่ระบาดของโคโรนาไวรัส 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: ศรีราพร พรประภา 
Published: June 2023

ผู้วิจัยมีวัตถุประสงค์ 1) เพื่อศึกษาพฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภคในการใช้บริการส่งอาหารออนไลน์ 2) เพื่อศึกษาพฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภคที่ส่งผลต่อความสำเร็จของธุรกิจบริการส่งอาหารออนไลน์ ในช่วงการแพร่ระบาดของโควิท 19 รูปแบบการวิจัยเป็นแบบผสม (Mixed Method) ทำการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกในหัวข้อความสำเร็จของธุรกิจบริการส่งอาหารออนไลน์ในช่วงการแพร่ระบาดของโควิท 19 กับผู้ประกอบการที่ใช้บริการ 10 ร้านค้า และผู้บริโภค 30 คน จากนั้นทำการเก็บข้อมูล เครื่องมือที่ใช้คือ แบบสอบถามที่มีค่าความเชื่อมั่นของแบบสอบถามทั้งฉบับ เท่ากับ 0.951 และแบบสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก วิเคราะห์ผลโดยใช้ค่าร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐานและการวิเคราะห์ถดถอยเชิงพหุคูณ ผลวิจัยพบว่า 1) พฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภคในด้านแรงจูงใจ ด้านทัศนคติ และด้านการรับรู้มีระดับความคิดเห็นอยู่ในระดับมาก ส่วนที่ทำให้ประสบความสำเร็จพบว่า ด้านสภาพคล่อง มีการใช้บริการขนส่งออนไลน์เพิ่มขึ้น ด้านกลยุทธ์ทางการตลาด มีการจัดโปรโมชั่นร่วมกับร้านค้ามากมาย จุดแข็งของบริการคือ การขนส่งอาหารที่รวดเร็ว และด้านการดำเนินงานผ่านแอพพลิเคชั่นที่มีความสะดวกและง่ายต่อการใช้งาน 3) พฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภคด้านแรงจูงใจและทัศนคติ มีผลต่อความสำเร็จของธุรกิจส่งอาหารออนไลน์ในช่วงการแพร่ระบาดของโคโรนาไวรัส 2019 (COVID-19) ในทุกด้าน
O ACOLHIMENTO ÀS PESSOAS COM TENTATIVA DE SUICÍDIO E AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA PSICOLOGIA NA VISÃO DA GESTAL-TERAPIA
Authors: Souza Orlena Watrin , Reis José de Arimatéia Rodrigues 
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho se dedica a pensar a relação da Psicologia como agente colaborador e facilitador durante o acolhimento nos casos de pacientes com tentativa de suicídio. Diante da sua perspectiva multidimensional, faz-se necessário o entendimento do processo de acolhimento pelos psicólogos através da psicoterapia do contato, ou seja, a Gestalt-terapia, aos clientes que apresentem essa demanda, com o propósito de restaurar e expandir esse contato, a tomada de consciência do cliente, a fim de promover a ampliação de sua awareness, sob a luz da Gestalt-terapia, propiciando um efetivo suporte emocional empático e acolhedor. Para a elaboração deste estudo, foi empregada a revisão integrativa da literatura, dos últimos cinco anos, em artigos científicos relacionados à temática citada, coletadas na base de dados das plataformas Pepsic (Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia), Scielo (Scientific Eletronic Library Online) e Google Acadêmico. Daí a importância de adotarmos mecanismos que ofereçam suporte a fim de fortalecer o ciclo de contato do cliente, para que não haja bloqueios, interrupções ou até mesmo a descontinuação desse ciclo.
Tingkat Tingkat Pengetahuan Siswi Jurusan Farmasi Tentang Penanganan Nyeri Menstruasi Di SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta
Authors: Trilestari  
Published: June 2023

Nyeri menstruasi adalah nyeri perut yang berasal dari kram rahim dan terjadi selama menstruasi. Nyeri saat menstruasi terjadi karena meningkatnya kadar prostaglandin. Dampak yang terjadi apabila nyeri menstruasi tidak ditangani dengan baik adalah gangguan aktivitas hidup sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan tentang penanganan nyeri menstruasi pada siswi jurusan Farmasi di SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan rancangan survei. Subyek dan populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswi jurusan Farmasi di SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta kelas 10 sampai dengan 12 sebanyak 60 siswi. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling dengan variabel penelitian adalah tingkat pengetahuan siswi jurusan Farmasi tentang penanganan nyeri menstruasi. Tingkat pengetahuan diukur dengan melihat kemampuan siswi dalam menjawab kuesioner yang telah disediakan. Jawaban kuesioner kemudian diklasifikasikan dalam 3 kategori yaitu baik, cukup dan kurang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan tentang penanganan nyeri menstruasi pada siswi jurusan Farmasi di SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta berada pada kategori baik sebanyak baik sebanyak 37 responden (61,1%), kategori cukup 10 responden (16,6%), kategori kurang 13 responden (21,6%).
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Retensi Urine Pasca Operasi
Authors: Indra Dewi Desak Nyoman , Amperaningsih Yuliati , Udani Giri , Manurung Idawati , Handayani Ririn Sri 
Published: June 2023

Retensi urine merupakan masalah sistem perkemihan. Pembedahan diperkirakan dapat menanggulangi 11% beban penyakit di dunia, namun prosedur pembedahan juga mengakibatkan komplikasi pasca operasi didukung faktor risiko tertentu. Epidemiologi retensi urine pasca operasi bervariasi 5-70%. Menurut data RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2021 jumlah pembedahan 3.307, rata-rata 276 per bulan, membutuhkan pengkajian faktor risiko terkait retensi urine, untuk mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut. Penelitian kuantitatif desain analitik rancangan survey cross sectional. Populasi seluruh pasien pasca operasi yang melakukan kunjungan ulang di Poliklinik Bedah tanggal 29 Juni-16 Juli 2022. Sampel dengan rumus Slovin berjumlah 69 dengan teknik non random sampling, pendekatan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi rekam medis pasien. Tujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan retensi urine pasca operasi di Poliklinik Bedah. Berdasarkan hasil Uji Chi Square ada tiga faktor yang berhubungan dengan retensi urine pasca operasi yaitu faktor usia (p=0,017 OR 3,329 95% CI: 1,220-9,084), faktor jenis operasi (p=0,004 OR 5,5056 CI: 1,615-15,821), faktor balance cairan (p=0,023 OR 0,156 95% CI: 0,035-0,690). Peneliti menyarankan skrining deteksi dini penyakit dan penyediaan media informasi (leafleat, poster dan audiovisual) pola hidup sehat, pencegahan dan pemantauan perioperarif.Kata Kunci: Retensi Urine, Pasca Operasi, Faktor Risiko
FORMULASI DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN HARD CANDY DAUN GAHARU SEBAGAI PRODUK HERBAL UNTUK PEROKOK AKTIF DAN PASIF
Authors: Nazila Nazila , Asta Hidayat , Salwati Nur Upik 
Published: June 2023

Hard candy daun Garahu adalah permen keras yang mengandung ekstrak daun Garahu. Hard candy daun Garahu adalah inovasi dalam suatu pengembangan produk turunan gaharu berbasis segmen pelanggan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu organoleptik dan mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan permen keras daun Gaharu (Aquilaria malacenis Lamk) asal Sambas yang berpotensi menjadi produk herbal bagi perokok aktif dan pasif. Analisis data penelitian ini pada uji aktivitas antioksidan, yaitu secara deskriptif, dan pada uji organoleptik, yaitu analisis data dengan Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan pada permen keras daun gaharu diklasifikasikan sangat kuat pada perlakuan FHC DG2 dengan nilai 22,84 mg/L dan perlakuan FHC DG3 dengan nilai 33,87 mg/L, sedangkan pada perlakuan FHC DG1 masih relatif kuat dengan nilai 53,05 mg/L. Parameter penyematan formulasi permen keras daun gaharu terdiri dari warna, aroma, rasa, tekstur. Hasil penelitian uji organoleptik 3 perlakuan panelis perokok aktif dan perokok pasif merupakan skor tertinggi yang terdapat pada perlakuan FHCDG2 dengan nilai 5,78 (perokok aktif) dan 5,88 (perokok pasif) aroma 5,5 (perokok aktif) dan 5,46 (perokok pasif), perokok pasif 5,98 (perokok aktif) dan 5,8 (perokok pasif), serta tekstur 5,62 (perokok aktif) dan 5,78 (perokok pasif).
The genus Aphaniosoma Becker, 1903 (Diptera: Chyromyidae) in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East, with descriptions of new species
Authors: Ebejer Martin J. 
Published: June 2023

The species of Aphaniosoma Becker, 1903 described from Egypt by Collin in 1949 are reviewed and lectotypes designated for Aphaniosoma creperum Collin, 1949, A. fissum Collin, 1949, A. lamellatum Collin, 1949 and A. sodalis Collin, 1949. All species known from the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East are reviewed, with annotations, distributions and a key to species. The following 19 species are described as new and illustrated: A. acitergum sp. nov., A. aegyptium sp. nov., A. angulitergum sp. nov., A. captiosum sp. nov., A. cristatum sp. nov., A. curvistylus sp. nov., A. daedalum sp. nov., A. denticulosum sp. nov., A. flavipyga sp. nov., A. freidbergi sp. nov., A. interispina sp. nov., A. kravchenkoi sp. nov., A. longilingua sp. nov., A. lucidum sp. nov., A. meltseri sp. nov., A. miricercus sp. nov., A. palestinense sp. nov., A. praeditum sp. nov. and A. yaromi sp. nov. Biology and ecology are commented upon.
National Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Formulation Use Pattern: A Survey
Authors: Brummel Gretchen , Knoderer Chad A. 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE
Five commercially available amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) ratio formulations contribute to ratio selection variability with efficacy and toxicity implications. The objective of this survey was to determine AMC formulation use patterns across the United States.

METHODS
A multicenter practitioner survey was distributed to multiple listservs (American College of Clinical Pharmacy pediatrics, infectious diseases, ambulatory care, pharmacy administration; American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; Pediatric Pharmacy Association members), and selected pediatric Vizient members in June 2019. Responses were screened for multiples within institutions. Repeated organization responses were identified (n = 37) and excluded if the duplicate matched another response from the same organization exactly (n = 0).

RESULTS
One hundred ninety independent responses were received. Nearly 62% of respondents represented a children's hospital within an acute care hospital; remainder being from stand-alone children's hospitals. Around 55% of respondents indicated prescribers were responsible for choosing the patient-specific formulation for inpatients. Nearly 70% of respondents indicated multiple formulations were available due to clinical need (efficacy, toxicity, measurable volume), whereas over 40% responded that the number of liquid formulations were limited to decrease the potential for error. Variability was demonstrated among institutions using ≥ 2 different formulations for acute otitis media (AOM), sinusitis, lower respiratory tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, and urinary tract infection (33.6%, 37.3%, 41.5%, 35.8%, and 35.8%, respectively). The 14:1 formulation was the most common, but not exclusive, for AOM, sinusitis, and lower respiratory tract infections with 2.1%, 2.1%, and 2.6% of respondents indicating use of the 2:1 formulation and 10.9%, 15%, and 16.6% of respondents indicating use of the 4:1 formulation.

CONCLUSIONS
Significant AMC formulation selection variability exists across the United States.
Pharmacist-Led Interventions to Reduce Drug-Related Problems in Prescribing for Pediatric Outpatients in a Developing Country: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Minh , Nguyen Kien Trung , Pham Suol Thanh , Thanh Le Vy Tran , Thi Le Tu Cam , Diep Han Gia , Minh Le Ngoc Nguyen , Vinh Ly Hung Huynh , Nhu Nguyen Trang Thi , Lam Anh Nhut , Nguyen Thao Huong , Nguyen Thang 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate a pharmacist-led intervention's effectiveness in reducing drug-related problems (DRPs ( related to prescriptions for pediatric outpatients.

METHODS
We conducted a randomized controlled trial. We recruited and randomly assigned 31 physicians to control or intervention groups. We collected 775 prescriptions (375 from the control group and 400 from the intervention group) at the start. For 3 weeks, intervention physicians received additional information and meetings with pharmacists in addition to the usual practices of the hospital. We then collected prescriptions at the end of the study. We classified DRPs, based on reliable references (Supplemental Table S1) at baseline and endpoint (a week after the intervention). The primary outcome was the proportion of prescriptions with DRPs, and secondary outcomes were the proportions of prescriptions with specific DRP types.

RESULTS
The influence of the intervention on general DRPs and specific DRPs was the study's main finding. The pharmacist-led intervention helped reduce the prescriptions with DRPs proportion in the intervention group to 41.0%, compared with 49.3% in the control group (p &lt; 0.05). The DRPs proportion related to the timing of administration relative to meals, unlike the other DRP types, increased in the control group (from 31.7% to 34.9%) and decreased in the intervention group (from 31.3% to 25.3%), with a significant difference between the 2 groups at endpoint (p &lt; 0.01). Patients aged &gt;2 to ≤6 years (OR, 1.871; 95% CI, 1.340–2.613) and receiving ≥5 drugs (OR, 5.037; 95% CI, 2.472–10.261) were at greater risk of experiencing DRPs related to prescribing.

CONCLUSIONS
A pharmacist-led intervention improved DRP occurrence related to physicians' prescribing. Pharmacists could be involved in in-depth research with physicians in the prescribing process to provide tailored interventions.