bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between sleep and salivary and serum inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents
Authors: Alqaderi Hend , Abdullah Abeer , Finkelman Matthew , Abufarha Mohamed , Devarajan Sriraman , Abubaker Jehad , Ramesh Nikitha , Tavares Mary , Al-Mulla Fahd , Bin-Hasan Saadoun 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesPoor sleep behavior can trigger an inflammatory response and contribute to the development of inflammatory diseases. Cytokines can act as indicators of inflammation and may precede the onset of inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to determine the association between sleep timing parameters (bedtime, sleep duration, sleep debt, and social jetlag) and the levels of nine serum and salivary inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers.MethodsData were collected from 352 adolescents aged 16–19 years enrolled in Kuwait’s public high schools. The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), adiponectin, leptin, and insulin were measured from saliva and serum samples. We conducted mixed-effect multiple linear regression modeling to account for the school variable as a random effect to assess the relationship between the sleep variables and salivary and serum biomarkers. Mediation analysis was conducted to check if BMI was a mediator between bedtime and the biomarkers.ResultsThere was a statistically significant elevation in serum IL-6 level associated with later bedtime (0.05 pg./mL, p = 0.01). Adolescents with severe sleep debt of ≥2 h had an increase in salivary IL-6 biomarker levels (0.38 pg./mL, p = 0.01) compared to those who had sleep debt of &lt;1 h. Adolescents with sleep debt of ≥2 h had significantly higher levels of serum CRP (0.61 μg/mL, p = 0.02) than those without sleep debt. Additionally, we found that the inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, and MCP-1) and metabolic biomarkers (adiponectin, leptin, and insulin) had more statistically significant associations with the bedtime variables than with sleep duration variables. CRP, IL-6, and IL-8 were associated with sleep debt, and IL-6, VEGF, adiponectin, and leptin levels were associated with social jetlag. BMIz was a full mediator in the relationship between late bedtime and increased serum levels of CRP, IL-6, and insulin.ConclusionAdolescents who go to bed at or later than midnight had dysregulated levels of salivary and serum inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that disrupted circadian rhythm can trigger higher levels of systemic inflammation and potentially exacerbate chronic inflammation and the risk of metabolic diseases.
The impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the mental health of Italian people after 2 years of the pandemic: risk and protective factors as moderators
Authors: Mottola Francesca , Gnisci Augusto , Kalaitzaki Argyroula , Vintilă Mona , Sergi Ida 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThis contribution aimed at investigating the moderating role of risk (e.g., the negative influence of COVID-19 on mental health) and protective (e.g., post-traumatic growth) factors on the relationship between the concern for war and stress and anxiety/depression levels among Italian people.MethodsA questionnaire that included sociodemographic characteristics, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), and questions formulated ad hoc about concern for war was administered online. A sample of 755 participants (65.4% females, mean age = 32.39, SD = 12.64, range = 18–75) was recruited by convenience and snowball sampling. The researchers spread the link to the questionnaire to their acquaintances asking them to fill it out and to recruit other people.ResultsResults showed that concern for war significantly augmented the levels of stress and anxiety/depression in Italian people. Being a healthcare professional or having a chronic illness negatively moderated the effect of concern for war on stress and anxiety/depression. Instead, the negative influence of COVID-19 on mental health positively moderated the effect of concern for war on stress. Moreover, the overall positive changes after trauma and four of its five scales (i.e., Relating to Others, New Possibilities, Personal Strength, and Spiritual Change), negatively moderated the effect of concern for war on anxiety/depression.ConclusionsIn conclusion, concern about the Russian-Ukrainian war affects the mental health of the Italian population even if they are not directly involved in the conflict.
Impairment of arbitration between model-based and model-free reinforcement learning in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Ruan Zhongqiang , Seger Carol A. , Yang Qiong , Kim Dongjae , Lee Sang Wan , Chen Qi , Peng Ziwen 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by an imbalance between goal-directed and habitual learning systems in behavioral control, but it is unclear whether these impairments are due to a single system abnormality of the goal-directed system or due to an impairment in a separate arbitration mechanism that selects which system controls behavior at each point in time.MethodsA total of 30 OCD patients and 120 healthy controls performed a 2-choice, 3-stage Markov decision-making paradigm. Reinforcement learning models were used to estimate goal-directed learning (as model-based reinforcement learning) and habitual learning (as model-free reinforcement learning). In general, 29 high Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) score controls, 31 low OCI-R score controls, and all 30 OCD patients were selected for the analysis.ResultsObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) patients showed less appropriate strategy choices than controls regardless of whether the OCI-R scores in the control subjects were high (p = 0.012) or low (p &lt; 0.001), specifically showing a greater model-free strategy use in task conditions where the model-based strategy was optimal. Furthermore, OCD patients (p = 0.001) and control subjects with high OCI-R scores (H-OCI-R; p = 0.009) both showed greater system switching rather than consistent strategy use in task conditions where model-free use was optimal.ConclusionThese findings indicated an impaired arbitration mechanism for flexible adaptation to environmental demands in both OCD patients and healthy individuals reporting high OCI-R scores.
Case report: a robotic-vaginal approach for total vaginectomy and hysterectomy with pelvic sentinel lymph node dissection in primary vaginal melanoma: a 10-step technique and literature review
Authors: Van Trappen Philippe , Lebbe Ines , De Cuypere Eveline , Claes Nele 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPrimary vaginal melanoma is extremely rare, has a poor prognosis, and occurs mostly in elderly women. The diagnosis is based on histology and immunohistochemistry of a biopsy. Given the rarity of vaginal melanoma, no standardized treatment guidelines are established; however, surgery is the primary treatment modality in the absence of metastatic disease. Most reports in the literature are retrospective single cases, case series, and population-based studies. The open surgical approach is the main modality reported. Here, we report for the first time a 10-step combined robotic-vaginal technique, with en bloc resection of the uterus and total vagina, for treating clinically early-stage primary vaginal melanoma. In addition, the patient in our case underwent a robotic pelvic bilateral sentinel lymph node dissection. The literature on the surgical approach for vaginal melanoma is reviewed.Case presentationA 73-year-old woman was referred to our tertiary cancer center and was clinically staged according to the 2009 International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging for vaginal cancer as FIGO-stage I (cT1bN0M0) and according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) for (cutaneous) Melanoma Staging as clinical stage IB. Preoperative imaging with magnetic resonance imaging, FDG-positron emission tomography-computed tomography, and ultrasound of the groins did not reveal any adenopathy nor metastases. The patient was planned for a combined vaginal and robotic en bloc total vaginectomy and hysterectomy, as well as a pelvic bilateral sentinel lymph node dissection.ResultsThe surgical procedure was performed in 10 steps described in this case report. The pathology revealed free surgical margins and negative test results for all sentinel lymph nodes. The postoperative recovery process was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on day 5.ConclusionThe main surgical approach reported for primary early-stage vaginal melanoma is open surgery. A minimally invasive surgical approach, described here as a combined vaginal-robotic en bloc total vaginectomy and hysterectomy, for the surgical treatment of early-stage vaginal melanoma enables precise dissection, low surgical morbidity, and fast recovery for the patient.
Phylogenomic analysis supports Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission between humans and elephants
Authors: Rajbhandari Rajesh Man , Napit Rajindra , Manandhar Prajwol , Raut Roji , Gurung Anupama , Poudel Ajit , Shrestha Nisha , Sadaula Amir , Karmacharya Dibesh , Gortázar Christian , Alves Paulo Célio , de la Fuente José , Queirós João 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionTuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by a group of acid-fast bacilli known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC), which has a major impact on humans. Transmission of MTC across the human-animal interface has been demonstrated by several studies. However, the reverse zoonotic transmission from humans to animals (zooanthroponosis) has often been neglected.MethodsIn this study, we used Nanopore MinION and Illumina MiSeq approaches to sequence the whole genome of M. tuberculosis strains isolated from two deceased Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) and one human in Chitwan, Nepal. The evolutionary relationships and drug resistance capacity of these strains were assessed using the whole genome data generated by the stand-alone tool Tb-Profiler. Phylogenomic trees were also constructed using a non-synonymous SNP alignment of 2,596 bp, including 94 whole genome sequences representative of the previously described M. tuberculosis lineages from elephants worldwide (lineages 1 and 4) and from humans in Nepal (lineages 1, 2 and 3).Results and DiscussionThe new genomes achieved an average coverage of 99.6%, with an average depth of 55.67x. These M. tuberculosis strains belong to lineage 1 (elephant DG), lineage 2 (elephant PK) and lineage 4 (human), and none of them were found to have drug-resistant variants. The elephant-derived isolates were evolutionarily closely related to human-derived isolates previously described in Nepal, both in lineages 1 and 2, providing additional support for zooanthroponosis or bidirectional transmission between humans and elephants. The human-derived isolate clustered together with other published human isolates from Argentina, Russia and the United Kingdom in the lineage 4 clade. This complex multi-pathogen, multi-host system is challenging and highlights the need for a One Health approach to tuberculosis prevention and control at human-animal interface, particularly in regions where human tuberculosis is highly endemic.
Clinical Features, Antibiotic Susceptibilities, and Outcomes of Endophthalmitis Caused by Streptococcal Infection: Children vs. Adults
Authors: Yang Yao , Wong Yuenying , Li Yujie , Duan Fang , Ma Xinqi , Wong Hiufong , Sun Rongsha , Zeng Jieting , Liu Manli , Yuan Zhaohui , Lin Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2023

Streptococcus spp. are common causative organisms of endophthalmitis. Analysis of the clinical features, antibiotic susceptibilities, and outcomes of streptococcal endophthalmitis in children and adults may guide future management. Sixty-seven patients (67 eyes) with streptococcal endophthalmitis who were admitted to the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 2013 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age was 20.7 ± 21.6 years, and 59.7% were children. Streptococcal infection accounted for 13.9% of culture-proven bacterial endophthalmitis cases; the proportion was higher in children than in adults (32.3% vs. 7.6%, p < 0.01) and increased from 8.1% in 2013–2017 to 20.1% in 2018–2022 (p < 0.01). Eye trauma was the most common etiology in both children and adults (82.5% and 66.7%, respectively). Viridans group streptococci were the most common isolates, followed by S. pneumoniae. The susceptibility rates of the streptococci to vancomycin, cefuroxime, and levofloxacin were 100%, 95.5%, and 93.0%, respectively. The overall mean best-corrected visual acuity increased from 2.74 ± 0.19 logMAR initially to 2.32 ± 0.75 logMAR at the last follow-up (p < 0.05). In conclusion, streptococcal infections have increased in cases of bacterial endophthalmitis in recent years and are more common in children. The commonly used antibiotics, vancomycin, cefuroxime, and fluoroquinolone, showed higher antibiotic susceptibility. After prompt treatment, visual outcomes improved.
Visitors' Satisfaction in Natural Areas: The Case of Vinhais Biological Park
Authors: Alves Diana , Scalabrini Elaine , Vaz Márcia , Teixeira João Paulo , Rivas Rojo Carlos Jesus , Alonso David Muriel , Mestre Lúcia Garrote , Fernandes Paula Odete 
Published: May 2023

Satisfaction is a widely studied issue in tourism as it provides an understanding of the performance of a tourism destination's offer, highlighting the most important features considered by tourists. The growth in tourism demand in natural areas also makes it an important factor in identifying visitor satisfaction, as sustainable planning of these areas may also rely on knowing the opinion of their visitors. In this context, this study aimed to determine the visitors´ satisfaction with Vinhais Biological Park, located in the northeast of Portugal, during the summer of 2022. A questionnaire consisting of 8 closed-ended questions to identify the socio-demographic profile and overall satisfaction was applied during July and August 2022. Therefore, 251 valid questionnaires were considered for the quantitative data analysis and a final sampling error of 6.13% was assumed. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed to identify the socio-demographic profile and the satisfaction with the resources offered. Four hypotheses were formulated to test the association between socio-demographic profile (age group, gender, nationality, and education level) and overall satisfaction. The c2 test was used to test the hypotheses assuming a 5% significance level. The main findings showed that the socio-demographic profile of the sample is predominantly male (54.6%), aged between 11 and 40 years (77.6%), of Portuguese nationality (71.3%) and with higher education level (48.6%). Concerning the visit motivation, 61.4% went to the park after visiting the city of Vinhais or the region and nearly half (47%) of the respondents were satisfied. The results of c2 test revealed no significant association between the socio-demographic profile and overall satisfaction, meaning that none of the hypotheses was supported. Considering the number of visitors received in the park annually, this study's sample can be regarded as a limitation, making the understanding of satisfaction limited to the period of analysis and at a period when the impact of COVID-19 is noticeable. Finally, for future studies, a comparative analysis with other natural parks, both Portuguese and Spanish, is suggested for better monitoring of visitor satisfaction.
Diagnostic Value of Oximetry for Suspected Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants with Perinatal Encephalopathy
Authors: Гусейнова И.И. 
Published: May 2023

Цель исследования. Изучить показатели церебральной и спланхнической оксигенации при подозрении на некротический энтероколит (НЭК) у недоношенных детей с перинатальной энцефалопатией. Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено 32 недоношенных ребенка с перинатальной энцефалопатией с подозрением на НЭК, поступивших в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии новорожденных НИИ педиатрии им. К. Фараджевой в период 2019–2021 гг. Результаты. Как показали наши исследования, снижение показателя SCOR при подозрении на НЭК у недоношенных может послужить ценным диагностическим маркером ишемии стенки и использоваться в ранней диагностике НЭК. Заключение. Изучение корреляционных связей между показателями оксиметрии при НЭК у недоношенных детей позволяет прогнозировать течение заболевания и определять лечебную тактику.
Purpose. To study the indicators of cerebral and splanchnic oxygenation in case of suspected necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants with perinatal encephalopathy. Materials and methods. The study included 32 premature infants with perinatal encephalopathy with suspected NEC admitted to the intensive care unit of the Research Institute of Pediatrics named after K. Faradzheva in the period 2019–2021. Results. As our studies have shown, a decrease in SCOR in case of suspected NEC in preterm infants can serve as a valuable diagnostic marker of wall ischemia and be used in the early diagnosis of NEC. Conclusion. The study of correlations between oximetry parameters in NEC in premature infants makes it possible to predict the course of the disease and determine treatment tactics.
Peculiarities of Hemodynamic Status Assessment in Premature Infants
Authors: Белкин А.М. , Устинович Ю.А. , Бойдак М.П. , Наумов В.В. , Рудкова Н.В. 
Published: May 2023

В данном обзоре описаны инструменты, позволяющие оценить гемодинамический статус у недоношенных новорожденных, когда клиницистам часто требуется несколько инструментов для правильной оценки сложного переходного гемодинамического статуса. Он сфокусирован на возможностях и ограничениях каждого метода, подчеркивается взаимодополняемость между непрерывным мониторингом определенных параметров (артериальное давление, оксигенация тканей, измеренная с помощью спектроскопии в ближней инфракрасной области или NIRS), клинической оценкой (темп диуреза, время наполнения капилляров (симптом бледного пятна)), биологическим анализом (концентрация лактата в сыворотке крови) и специфическими исследованиями, такими как эхокардиография, проводимыми периодически. Артериальное давление, измеренное с помощью осциллометрического монитора, должно анализироваться с учетом других клинических данных, в частности симптома бледного пятна, темпа диуреза, измерения уровня лактата в крови. Эхокардиография сердца улучшает неинвазивное управление гемодинамикой у новорожденных, но требует специальной подготовки. NIRS может быть полезен для мониторинга клинического статуса у новорожденных с риском гипотонии или с ее проявлениями. Показано, что не существует предпочтительного метода мониторинга гемодинамики, поскольку каждый инструмент будет предоставлять свою специфическую информацию о ней при определенном патогенезе гемодинамических нарушений в каждом конкретном случае и требует более глубокого изучения данного вопроса у недоношенных новорожденных.
This review describes tools to assess hemodynamic status in preterm infants, where clinicians often require several tools to properly assess complex transient hemodynamic status. It focuses on the capabilities and limitations of each method, emphasizing the complementarity between continuous monitoring of certain parameters (blood pressure, tissue oxygenation measured by near-infrared spectroscopy or NIRS), clinical assessment (diuresis rate, capillary filling time (pale spot symptom), biological analysis (serum lactate concentration) and specific studies such as echocardiography performed periodically. Blood pressure measured with an oscillometric monitor should be analyzed in conjunction with other clinical data, particularly the pale spot symptom, diuresis rate, and blood lactate level measurements. Cardiac echocardiography improves noninvasive hemodynamic management in newborns, but requires special training. NIRS may be useful for monitoring clinical status in newborns at risk for or with signs of hypotension. It has been shown that there is no preferred method of hemodynamic monitoring, as each instrument will provide its own specific information about it in a particular pathogenesis of hemodynamic disturbances in each case and requires a deeper study of this issue in premature newborns.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT BERINVESTASI SAHAM DI PASAR MODAL SYARIAH BAGI GENERASI MILENIAL DI MADURA
Authors: Fitriyani Novita Ayu , Herachwati Nuri , Muhtadi Ridan 
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine or analyze the Factors Influencing Interest in Investing in Islamic Capital Markets for Millennials in Madura. The variables used are Risk, Income and Knowledge level. The Millennial Generation living in Madura who are interested in investing in Islamic Capital Markets is the population of this study. While the sample was chosen using the purposive sampling technique. In selecting this sample, there were 100 respondents from all 4 districts in Madura. The main information used in this investigation came from structured interviews with the help of a questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis is the data analysis used in this study. Whereas the Knowledge Variable is the result of the conclusion that it has a positive and significant effect on Interest in Investing in Shares in the Islamic Capital Market for Millennial Generation in Madura while the Risk and Income Level Variables have a positive but not significant effect on Interest in Investing in Shares in the Islamic Capital Market for Millennial Generation in Madura.
Keywords: Islamic Capital Market; Share; Millennial Generation; Interest; Investation
Penentuan Rute Optimal Pendistribusian Barang Pada PT. Rajawali Nusindo Cabang Pematangsiantar dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Branch and Bound
Authors: Girsang Rifka Sapriani , Sirait Debora Exaudi , Sinaga Rani Farida 
Published: May 2023

PT. Rajawali Nusindo Cabang Pematangsiantar adalah salah satu perusahaan BUMN yang bergerak di bidang distribusi dan perdagangan obat-obatan, alat kesehatan dan penjualan umum. Pada saat mendistribusikan obat-obatan ke pelanggan rumah sakit dan pelanggan apotek yang terletak di kota Pematangsiantar perusahaan kurang memperhatikan rute dan total jarak yang dilalui. Travelling Salesmen Problem diilustrasikan dengan seorang salesmen yang mengantar barang ke berbagai tempat hanya sekali lalu kembali ke titik awal. Dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan Trvaelling Salesmen Problem salah satu algoritma pada matematika terapan yang dapat digunakan adalah algoritma branch and bound. Algoritma branch and bound berkerja dengan merepresentasikan matriks jarak kedalam bentuk graf lalu mereduksi baris dan kolom matriks jarak dan membentuk pohon ruang status. Total jarak tempuh yang biasa digunakan perusahaan untuk pelanggan rumah sakit adalah 18,9 Km, waktu tempuh 28,5 menit dengan biaya bahan bakar Rp. 19.000 dan pelanggan apotek 19,97 Km, waktu tempuh 30 menit dengan biaya bahan bakar Rp. 20.000 sedangkan menggunakan algoritma branch and bound diperoleh total jarak tempuh pelanggan rumah sakit sebesar 16,1 Km, waktu tempuh 24 menit dengan biaya bahan bakar Rp. 16.000dan pelanggan apotek sebesar 14,07 Km, waktu tempuh 21 menit dengan biaya bahan bakar Rp.14.000. Maka diperoleh selisih total jarak, waktu tempuh dan biaya bahan bakar berturut turut sebesar untuk pelanggan rumah sakit sebesar 2,8 Km, 5 menit, Rp.3.0000 dan pelanggan apotek sebesar 5,9 Km, 9 menit, dan Rp. 6.000. Kata Kunci : Travelling Salesmen Problem, Graf, Rute Terpendek, Algoritma Branch and Bound, Matematika