bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐stenting angiography‐FFR based physiological map provides virtual intervention and predicts physiological and clinical outcomes
Authors: Dai Neng , Tang Xianglin , Chen Zhangwei , Huang Dong , Duan Shaofeng , Qian Juying , Ge Junbo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAngiography‐derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) (angio‐FFR) has been validated against FFR and could provide virtual pullback. However, whether a physiological map can be generated by angio‐FFR and its clinical value remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of physiological map created from angio‐FFR pullback and its value in predicting physiological and clinical outcomes after stenting.MethodsAn angio‐FFR physiological map was generated by overlaying the virtual pullback onto coronary angiogram, to calculate physiological stenosis severity, length, and intensity (Δangio‐FFR/mm). This map in combination with virtual stenting was used to predict the best‐case post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) angio‐FFR (angio‐FFRpredicted) according to the stented segments, and this was compared with the actual achieved post‐PCI angio‐FFR (angio‐FFRachieved). Additionally, prognostic value of predicted angio‐FFR was investigated.ResultsThree hundred twenty‐nine vessels with paired analyzable pre‐ and post‐PCI angio‐FFR were included. Physiological map was created successfully in all vessels. After successful PCI, angio‐FFRpredicted and angio‐FFRachieved were significantly correlated (r = 0.82, p < 0.001) with small difference (mean difference: −0.010 ± 0.035). In the virtual PCI only covering the segment with high angio‐FFR intensity, the same physiological outcome can be achieved with shorter stent length (14.1 ± 8.9 vs. 34.5 ± 15.8 mm, p < 0.001). Suboptimal angio‐FFRpredicted was associated with increased risk of 2‐year vessel‐oriented composite endpoint (adjusted hazard ratio: 3.71; 95% confidence interval: 1.50−9.17).ConclusionsAngio‐FFR pullback could provide a physiological map of the interrogated coronary vessels by integrating angio‐FFR pullback and angiography. Before a PCI, the physiological map can predict the physiological and clinical outcomes after stenting.
The Solute Polarization and Structural Effects on the Nonlinear Optical Response of Based Chromone Molecules
Authors: Fonseca Sávio , dos Santos Neidy S. S. , da Cunha Antonio R. , Canuto Sylvio , Provasi Patricio F. , Andrade‐Filho Tarciso , Gester Rodrigo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe solute polarization due to solvent is a an electrostatic quantum effect that impacts diverse molecular properties, including the nonlinear optical response of a material. An iterative procedure that allows updating the solute charge distribution in the presence of the solvent is combined with a sequential Monte Carlo/Quantum Mechanics methodology and Density Functional Theory methods to evaluate the nonlinear optical (NLO) response using the hyper Rayleigh scattering (HRS) of a series of chromones recently identified in Chamaecrista diphylla, an herbaceous plant abundant throughout the Americas and used in folk medicine. From this study, it is determined that from gas to solvent environment, the systems acquire low refractive index (n) and an improvement of the first hyperpolarizability (βHRS), signaling potential NLO uses. It is shown that the octupolar contributions (βJ=3) superate the dipolar ones (βJ=1) and dominate the second‐order optical response in both gas and liquid phases, which indicate nontrivial optical materials. Moreover, the solvent environment and structural changes in the periphery can tune significantly the dipolar/octupolar balance, showing a key to control the decoupling between these contributions.
Consolidating 23 years of historical data from an irrigated subtropical rice breeding program in Uruguay
Authors: Rebollo Inés , Scheffel Sheila , Blanco Pedro , Molina Federico , Martínez Sebastián , Carracelas Gonzalo , Aguilar Ignacio , Pérez de Vida Fernando , Rosas Juan Eduardo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBreeding programs generate vast amount of data which are often scattered in separate files. This hinders the application of modern breeding tools such as multi‐environment analyses and genomic selection. This research work describes the process of consolidating 23 years of phenotypic, pedigree, and genomic records from the Uruguayan national rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding program, and the features and structure of the resulting database. Using a custom‐made R code, we gathered all the available data from 1997 to 2020 corresponding to field trials, blast disease evaluation nurseries, laboratory analyses of milling and cooking quality, pedigree information, and genomic information for selected advanced breeding lines, and organized it into a relational database. Records of 996 trials in 12 locations over a span of 23 years, 91,636 field plots with information on 14 phenotypic variables, pedigree for 19,447 genotypes, and genomic information regarding 61,260 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for 965 genotypes were recovered. The dataset is structured in trials, phenotypes, lines, genomic information, and SNP tables in an easy‐to‐access relational database, which will be a valuable resource for rice breeding.
Mapping mathematical competences across subjects for advanced level qualifications in England
Authors: Norris Jennifer , Noyes Andrew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEfforts to increase the number of young people in England studying mathematics post‐16 have historically focused on participation in standalone mathematics qualifications. However, following the recent A‐level reforms, many advanced level students are engaging with some form of mathematics through the mathematical content now formally embedded within other subjects. To offer a more comprehensive view of the mathematics being learned post‐16 we present a framework analysis of the subject content documents of the 19 A‐level subjects with a required quantitative component, using a recently developed framework of General Mathematical Competences (GMCs). Results are visualised as maps showing the presence of GMC sub‐competences for individual A‐level subjects and combinations of subjects. The application of the GMC framework in this new context provides a much‐needed common language for cross‐curricular discussion of the types of mathematics present in different subjects, with implications for interdisciplinary mathematics learning and curriculum alignment between post‐16 and higher education across the disciplines. In addition, the framework highlights the non‐binary nature of mathematics participation, calling into question what counts as participating in mathematics in the post‐16 phase.
The morphological and ecological variation of Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae) fruit: A link between plant ecology and animal foraging behavior
Authors: Crowe Rebecca E. , Parker V. Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPersistent soil seed banks are characteristic of Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae) species in the Mediterranean‐climate California Floristic Province. While most species are obligate seeders, regeneration of stands of all Arctostaphylos species ultimately depends on post‐fire seedling recruitment. Arctostaphylos seed banks are created, in large part, by scatter‐hoarding rodents. Variation in fruit morphology, therefore, is expected to impact the Arctostaphylos–rodent interaction. Seeds produce sufficient rewards (nutritious mature embryo) to entice rodents to disperse and ultimately bury seeds in the soil. Hard seed coats increase the time required to extract the embryo, encouraging rodents to choose storage over immediate predation, and nutlets are frequently empty. We assessed the variation of fruit nutlet fusion and seed viability among 38 Arctostaphylos taxa. Factors such as latitude, elevation, life history, ploidy, and phylogenetic position were also analyzed. Generalized mixed‐effects models were used to determine the factors contributing to variation in fruit nutlet fusion and seed viability. Our results indicate that fruit volume and shape are the most important variables affecting nutlet fusion and seed viability. Additionally, other potential influences only show a weak correlation and are not predicted to significantly impact nutlet fusion or seed viability. These findings provide insights into evolved strategies used by plants to increase reproductive success via scatter‐hoarding rodents. Our study benefits the conservation and restoration of Arctostaphylos stands by emphasizing the importance of animal‐mediated dispersal and providing estimates of seed viability for different species. With the anticipated effects of climate change, such as departures from historic fire regimes, the preservation of the relationship between plants and animal foragers is crucial for the continued survival of Arctostaphylos and California's evergreen chaparral.
Geometric regularity in webs of non‐orb‐weaving spiders
Authors: Ramírez Martín J. , Wolff Jonas O. , Jäger Peter , Pavlek Martina , Pérez‐González Abel , Magalhaes Ivan , Michalik Peter 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGeometric regularity of spider webs has been intensively studied in orb‐weaving spiders, although it is not exclusive of orb weavers. Here, we document the geometrically regular, repetitive elements in the webs of the non‐orb‐weaving groups Leptonetidae and Telemidae for the first time. Similar to orb weavers, we found areas with regularly spaced parallel lines in the webs of Calileptoneta helferi, Sulcia sp., and cf. Pinelema sp. Furthermore, we provide a detailed account of the regular webs of Ochyrocera (Ochyroceratidae). The sections of the web with regularly disposed parallel lines are built as U‐shaped modules reminiscent of orb webs. It has been suggested that the regularly spaced parallel lines in the webs of Ochyroceratidae and Psilodercidae may be produced in a single sweep of their posterior lateral spinnerets, which have regularly spaced aciniform gland spigots, perhaps involving expansion of the spinnerets. To test this hypothesis, we compared the spacing between parallel lines with the spacing between spigots, searched for expansible membranes in the spinnerets, and examined the junctions of regularly spaced lines. The distance between parallel lines was 10–20 times the distance between spigots, and we found no expansible membranes, and the intersection of parallel lines are cemented, which opposes the single sweep hypothesis. Furthermore, we found cues of viscid silk in the parallel lines of the psilodercid Althepus and broadened piriform gland spigots that may be responsible of its production. Finally, we evaluated the presence or absence of geometrically regular web elements across the spider tree of life. We found reports of regular webs in 31 spider families, including 20 families that are not orb weavers and hypothesize that the two basic aspects of regularity (parallel lines spaced at regular intervals, and radial lines spaced at regular angles) probably appeared many times in the evolution of spiders.
New insights into the diversity of cryptobenthic Cirripectes blennies in the Mascarene Archipelago sampled using Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS)
Authors: Couëdel Marion , Dettai Agnes , Guillaume Mireille M. M. , Bruggemann Fleur , Bureau Sophie , Frattini Baptiste , Verde Ferreira Amélie , Azie Jean‐Lindsay , Bruggemann J. Henrich 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAutonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) are artificial mini‐reefs designed for standardized sampling of sessile and small motile cryptobenthic organisms. ARMS are also effective for collecting small cryptobenthic fishes, such as the combtooth blennies of the genus Cirripectes. Recent studies discovered several Cirripectes species endemic to islands or archipelagos, in spite of the generally broad distributions of tropical and subtropical blennies. Thus, to evaluate the diversity and distribution of Cirripectes species in the Mascarene Archipelago, a little‐studied region but an important biodiversity hotspot, complete mitochondrial genomes, and nuclear rhodopsin genes were sequenced for 39 specimens collected with ARMS deployed on outer reef slopes at Reunion and Rodrigues islands. Mitochondrial COI sequences were analyzed to integrate these specimens within the largest dataset of publicly available sequences. Three species were found in the Mascarene Archipelago, Cirripectes castaneus, Cirripectes randalli, and Cirripectes stigmaticus. C. castaneus and C. stigmaticus both have an Indo‐Pacific distribution with several haplotypes shared among distant localities. In agreement with the literature, C. randalli shows a small‐range endemism restricted to the Mascarenes. We confirmed the presence of C. castaneus, C. randalli, and C. stigmaticus in Rodrigues, and the presence of C. stigmaticus in Reunion. This study contributes to filling the gaps in taxonomic and molecular knowledge of the reef cryptobiome in the South‐West Indian Ocean, and provides the first complete mitogenomes for the genus, a crucial step for future molecular‐based inventories (e.g., eDNA).
Temporal variation in translocated Isle Royale wolf diet
Authors: Sovie Adia R. , Romanski Mark C. , Orning Elizabeth K. , Marneweck David G. , Nichols Rachel , Moore Seth , Belant Jerrold L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWolves (Canis lupus) can exert top‐down pressure and shape ecological communities through the predation of ungulates and beavers (Castor spp.). Therefore, understanding wolf foraging is critical to estimating their ecosystem‐level effects. Specifically, if wolves are consumers that optimize tradeoffs between the cost and benefits of prey acquisition, changes in these factors may lead to prey‐switching or negative‐density dependent selection with potential consequences for community stability. For wolves, factors affecting cost and benefits include prey vulnerability, risk, reward, and availability, which can vary temporally. We described the wolf diet by the frequency of occurrence and percent biomass and characterized the diet using prey remains found in wolf scats on Isle Royale National Park, Michigan, USA, during May–October 2019 and 2020. We used logistic regression to estimate prey consumption over time. We predicted prey with temporal variation in cost (availability and/or vulnerability) such as adult moose (Alces alces), calf moose, and beaver (Castor canadensis) to vary in wolf diets. We analyzed 206 scats and identified 62% of remains as beaver, 26% as moose, and 12% as other species (birds, smaller mammals, and wolves). Adult moose were more likely to occur in wolf scats in May when moose are in poor condition following winter. The occurrence of moose calves peaked during June–mid‐July following birth but before calf vulnerability declined as they matured. By contrast, beaver occurrence in wolf scat did not change over time, reflecting the importance of low‐handling cost prey items for recently introduced lone or paired wolves. Our results demonstrate that the wolf diet is responsive to temporal changes in prey costs. Temporal fluctuation in diet may influence wolves' ecological role if prey respond to increased predation risk by altering foraging or breeding behavior.
Estimating the distribution of Oryzomys palustris, a potential key host in expanding rickettsial tick‐borne disease risk
Authors: Lippi Catherine A. , Canfield Samuel , Espada Christina , Gaff Holly D. , Ryan Sadie J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIncreasingly, geographic approaches to assessing the risk of tick‐borne diseases are being used to inform public health decision‐making and surveillance efforts. The distributions of key tick species of medical importance are often modeled as a function of environmental factors, using niche modeling approaches to capture habitat suitability. However, this is often disconnected from the potential distribution of key host species, which may play an important role in the actual transmission cycle and risk potential in expanding tick‐borne disease risk. Using species distribution modeling, we explore the potential geographic range of Oryzomys palustris, the marsh rice rat, which has been implicated as a potential reservoir host of Rickettsia parkeri, a pathogen transmitted by the Gulf Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum) in the southeastern United States. Due to recent taxonomic reclassification of O. palustris subspecies, we reclassified geolocated collections records into the newer clade definitions. We modeled the distribution of the two updated clades in the region, establishing for the first time, range maps and distributions of these two clades. The predicted distribution of both clades indicates a largely Gulf and southeastern coastal distribution. Estimated suitable habitat for O. palustris extends into the southern portion of the Mid‐Atlantic region, with a discontinuous, limited area of suitability in coastal California. Broader distribution predictions suggest potential incursions along the Mississippi River. We found considerable overlap of predicted O. palustris ranges with the distribution of A. maculatum, indicating the potential need for extended surveillance efforts in those overlapping areas and attention to the role of hosts in transmission cycles.
Blooms and flows: Effects of variable hydrology and management on reservoir water quality
Authors: Painter Kristin J. , Venkiteswaran Jason J. , Baulch Helen M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFlow management has the potential to significantly affect ecosystem condition. Shallow lakes in arid regions are especially susceptible to flow management changes, which can have important implications for the formation of cyanobacterial blooms. Here, we reveal water quality shifts associated with changing source water inflow management. Using in situ monitoring data, we studied a seven‐year time span during which inflows to a shallow, eutrophic drinking water reservoir transitioned from primarily natural landscape runoff (2014–2015) to managed flows from a larger upstream reservoir (Lake Diefenbaker; 2016–2020) and identified significant changes in cyanobacteria (as phycocyanin) using generalized additive models to classify cyanobacterial bloom formation. We then connected changes in water source with shifts in chemistry and the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms using principal components analysis. Phycocyanin was greater in years with managed reservoir inflow from a mesotrophic upstream reservoir (2016–2020), but dissolved organic matter (DOM) and specific conductivity, important determinants of drinking water quality, were greatest in years when landscape runoff dominated lake water source (2014–2015). Most notably, despite changing rapidly, it took multiple years for lake water to return to a consistent and reduced level of DOM after managed inflows from the upstream reservoir were resumed, an observation that underscores how resilience may be hindered by weak resistance to change and slow recovery. Environmental flows for water quality are rarely defined, yet we show that trade‐offs exist between poor water quality via elevated conductivity and DOM and higher bloom risk, depending on water source. Our work highlights the importance of source water quality, not just quantity, to water security, and our findings have important implications for water managers who must protect ecosystem services while adapting to projected hydroclimatic change.
Rationale and design of the Biventricular Evaluation of Gliflozins effects In chroNic Heart Failure: BEGIN‐HF study
Authors: Correale Michele , Antohi Elena‐Laura , Inciardi Riccardo M. , Mazzeo Pietro , Coiro Stefano , Ishihara Shiro , Petroni Renata , Monitillo Francesco , Leone Marta , Triggiani Marco , Sarwar Chaudhry M.S. , Dungen Hans‐Dirk , Talha Khawaja M. , Brunetti Natale D. , Butler Javed , Nodari Savina ,   Master Program Group on Drug Development for Heart Failure
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsSodium‐glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT‐2i) represent a unique class of anti‐hyperglycaemic agents for type 2 diabetes mellitus that selectively inhibit renal glucose reabsorption, thereby increasing urinary excretion of glucose. Several studies have demonstrated the cardioprotective effects of SGLT‐2i in patients with heart failure (HF), unrelated to its glucosuric effect. It is unclear whether the benefits of SGLT‐2i therapy also rely on the improvement of left ventricular (LV) and/or right ventricular (RV) function in patients with HF. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SGLT‐2i on LV and RV function through conventional and advanced echocardiographic parameters with a special focus on RV function in patients with HF.Methods and resultsThe Biventricular Evaluation of Gliflozins effects In chroNic Heart Failure (BEGIN‐HF) study is an international multicentre, prospective study that will evaluate the effect of SGLT‐2i on echocardiographic parameters of myocardial function in patients with chronic stable HF across the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) spectrum. Patients with New York Heart Association Class II/III symptoms, estimated glomerular filtration rate > 25 mL/min/1.73 m2, age > 18 years, and those who were not previously treated with SGLT‐2i will be included. All patients will undergo conventional, tissue‐derived imaging (TDI), and strain echocardiography in an ambulatory setting, at time of enrolment and after 6 months of SGLT‐2i therapy. The primary endpoint is the change in LV function as assessed by conventional, TDI, and myocardial deformation speckle tracking parameters. Secondary outcomes include changes in RV and left atrial function as assessed by conventional and deformation speckle tracking echocardiography. Univariate and multivariate analyses will be performed to identify predictors associated with primary and secondary endpoints.ConclusionsThe BEGIN‐HF will determine whether SGLT‐2i therapy improves LV and/or RV function by conventional and advanced echocardiography in patients with HF irrespective of LVEF.
Recent Progress of Single‐Atom Alloys in Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Geng Baokang , Zhang Lingling , Wang Fei , Wang Xiao , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn decades, heterogeneous catalysis has played a more significant role in social progress. However, the exorbitant price and low reserves vastly limit the application of noble metal catalysts, which are extensively used in heterogeneous catalysis. The single‐atom‐alloy catalysts (SAAs) have been regarded as a crucial way to improve the dispersion ratio of noble metal while maintaining great heterogeneous catalytic performance by dispersing noble metal single atoms on the surface of another metal. Besides the benefit from the metal bonds between noble metals and support metals, SAAs is also a unique method to construct metallic metal single atoms and obtain its characteristic catalytic performance, which is not possessed by other single atoms catalysts with positive electricity metal atoms. Most recently, SAAs have been demonstrated to catalyze a lot of significant heterogeneous reactions. This review will introduce the synthesis methods of SAAs and then summarize their applications in heterogeneous catalysis.