bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisions and Reconstructions in the Thought of R.G. Collingwood
Authors: Johnson Peter 
Published: January 2025

Opening new ground in neglected aspects of R.G. Collingwood’s philosophy, Peter Johnson presents essays on Collingwood as a pre-historian, economist, Christian and commentator of Edward Gibbon together with an investigation into the connection between his later works.The chapters shed light on Collingwood’s distinctive account of pre-history, the relationship between his last great worksThe Principles of HistoryandThe New Leviathan,and his views on money in comparison to those of J.M. Keynes. They also consider his assessment of Edward Gibbon as a historian and his use of biblical citation in relation to the work of Thomas Hobbes. Johnson’s insightful reflections and in-depth analysis of a range of areas in Collingwood’s thinking connect them through historical and conceptual themes relevant to contemporary debates about his philosophy.
Uniting important and unique perspectives for understanding the scope and depth of Collingwood’s philosophy, Johnson’s detailed examination of previously underexplored topics will be welcomed by students and scholars across philosophy of history, pre-history, economic theory, intellectual history and philosophical hermeneutics.
Ancient Sources, Modern Appropriations
Authors: Gadamer Hans-Georg 
Published: January 2025

Throughout his long career, Gadamer wrote and taught widely on the philosophy of the ancient world. In this volume, moving from the Pre-Socratics to Plato, Gadamer explores the legacy that ancient thought left for such philosophical giants as Kant, Schleiermacher and Hegel.
Ancient Sources, Modern Appropriationsalso includes a substantial critical introduction in which the Editors reconstruct Gadamer's views on how the study of the history of philosophy contributes to the task of doing philosophy by keeping a tradition alive and moving it into the future. This final volume of theThe Selected Writings of Hans-Georg Gadameralso includes a thorough bibliography of Gadamer's available writings in English and key secondary studies of his philosophical hermeneutics.
Available in English for the first time,Ancient Sources, Modern Appropriationsis comprised of the most important of Gadamer's previously untranslated writings on ancient philosophy.
Repairing British Politics
Authors: Gordon Richard 
Published: January 2025

The 1st edition of this seminal text was written as a response to the constitutional crisis of 2009, sparked by the 'expenses scandal', which led a general distrust of the UK's entire political order.
A decade on, it is no exaggeration to say that the situation has dramatically deteriorated. The UK’s constitutional order faces an existential crisis, with Brexit placing unbearable pressure on the political and legal architecture. All this makes the need for a written Constitution more pronounced. Retaining the easily accessible style of the first edition, this book addresses how this might be put in place.
Part 1 sets out a number of arguments in favour of a written Constitution, as well as the most common objections. Part 2 presents a working draft in the form of one possible model for a Constitution. Observations and explanatory notes are attached to each section of this draft Constitution. This model Constitution is intended as the first stage in a public debate, designed to provoke further discussion about the content and method of legislating into law a written Constitution. Part 3 contains the draft of the Act of Parliament that would be needed to introduce any form of constitutional change.
Rarely has a book been more timely or essential.
Unjust Enrichment and Countervailing Obligations
Authors: Krishnaprasad KV 
Published: January 2025

This book explores the relationship between the English law of unjust enrichment and legal obligations arising from other branches of the law.
It examines the question, primarily, by considering how English courts resolve conflicts between restitution claims and countervailing legal entitlements. This is much needed given recent cases such asIEG v Zurich InsuranceandAvonwick Holdings Ltd v Azitio Holdings Ltdclearly showing the differing positions taken by English courts on the question.
By applying insights from the theory of unjust enrichment to Anglo-Australian case law, this study gives a welcome cogent explanation of a complex question.
New Digital Services Act
Authors: Kraul Torsten 
Published: January 2025

This book provides clarity, both for companies offering online services and for users of digital services, on the New Digital Services Act.
The new Act includes obligations for providers of digital services in order to ensure that activities that are illegal offline are also prohibited online.
The book takes a comprehensive look at:
- Which providers are affected under which conditions - Which obligations they must comply with - Which innovations apply to liability on the internet and - What are the consequences of breaches of law.
Judicial Individuality on the UK Supreme Court
Authors: Graham Lewis 
Published: January 2025

This book presents an empirical analysis of the UK Supreme Court’s output over its first ten years, with a specific focus on each individual judge’s contribution to each case.It shows that judges, like all of us, are human; it would be difficult to imagine that any of us, even in our most professional capacity, could act completely independently of our predilections, motivations and biases. The same is true for the judges sitting on the UK’s highest court.
Drawing on insights from a bespoke dataset of judgments, this work discerns trends and tendencies across each judge’s voting patterns and the reasoning they adopt when disposing of cases. It not only highlights areas of divergence, but also shows how each of the judges tended to vote in different contexts, including which were more likely to overturn appeals from lower courts, side with certain parties such as the state or underdogs, and find liability in various areas (tort, contract, criminal, EU, immigration and tax law, with a special focus on human rights cases). Another section illustrates the differences between the judges when it comes to judicial reasoning, such as their approach to precedent and preferred methods of statutory interpretation.
This work shows that different judges exercise their power in different ways. Some are more comfortable with pushing boundaries whilst others are more restrained. Some grant the state a lot of leeway whilst others apply heavy scrutiny. Some are, as Lord Denning suggested, ‘bold spirits’ whilst others are ‘timorous souls’. It shows, at least when it comes to the Supreme Court, that it matters who our judges are.
Evaluation of the probiotic potential of the supernatant of fermented maize (Omidun) on growth performance, survivability, and haematology in broiler chickens
Authors: D. O. Ishola , A. Ahmed , U. Musa , A. Jibril , E. B. Ibitoye , M. J. Adenrele 
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to assess the use of supernatant of fermented maize (SFM) (Omidun) as a potential source of probiotic on growth, survival rate, and haematology in broiler chickens. After being acclimatized for 7 days, 150 eight-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly divided into five treatment groups of 30 birds, with each group having three replicates. All the birds were fed a commercial diet, group A served as the negative control and group B was given a commercially prepared probiotics (Beta probiotics) containing Lactobacillus spp., (2.7 ×106 CFU/mL), Bacillus cereus (6.5 ×106 CFU/mL), Bacillus subtilis (7.8 ×106 CFU/mL), protease, (250,000 IU), lipase (70,000 IU) and amylase (500,000 IU) via the drinking water, while groups C, D and E were given SFM at 10, 5 and 2.5 mL/L drinking water respectively. The experiment lasted for six weeks. Data were collected weekly, analyzed using one-way repeated measure ANOVA and presented in tables. The treatment revealed that no significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in the growth and haematological parameters of studied birds. Although, the birds on the varying concentrations of SFM did not significantly differ from the control groups, there was no negative effect on the growth performance, livability and haematology of broiler chickens.

Cette étude visait à évaluer l'utilisation du surnageant de maïs fermenté (SMF) (Omidun) comme source potentielle de probiotique sur la croissance, le taux de survie et l'hématologie chez les poulets de chair. Après une acclimatation de 7 jours, 150 poussins de Cobb500 âgés de huit jours ont été répartis aléatoirement en cinq groupes de traitement de 30 oiseaux, chaque groupe ayant trois répliques. Tous les oiseaux ont reçu un régime commercial, le groupe A servant de contrôle négatif et le groupe B recevant des probiotiques préparés commercialement (Beta probiotics) contenant Lactobacillus spp. (2,7 × 10^6 CFU/mL), Bacillus cereus (6,5 × 10^6 CFU/mL), Bacillus subtilis (7,8 × 10^6 CFU/mL), protéase (250 000 IU), lipase (70 000 IU) et amylase (500 000 IU) par l'eau de boisson, tandis que les groupes C, D et E recevaient respectivement du SFM à 10, 5 et 2,5 mL/L d'eau de boisson. L'expérience a duré six semaines. Les données ont été collectées chaque semaine, analysées à l'aide d'une ANOVA à mesures répétées à un facteur et présentées dans des tableaux. Le traitement a révélé qu'aucune différence significative (p > 0,05) n'a été observée dans les paramètres de croissance et hématologiques des oiseaux étudiés. Bien que les oiseaux ayant reçu les différentes concentrations de SMF ne différaient pas significativement des groupes de contrôle, il n'y avait aucun effet négatif sur la performance de croissance, la viabilité et l'hématologie des poulets à griller.
Evaluation of Individual Body Weight in Ross 308 Male and Arbor Acres Male Broiler Chickens Using Growth Curve Model
Authors: O. B. Nwaodu , U. J. Njoku , A. A. Shie 
Published: January 2025

The understanding of animal growth is important for the improvement of management and feeding practices. Thus, this study was carried out to determine the appropriate growth curve of Arbor acres and Ross 308 male chickens. In this study, the individual growth weight of 50 males at day one and weekly for eight weeks, each of Arbor acres and Ross 308 chickens were evaluated using Gompertz mode. The weight of each bird was taken and the estimate asymmetric weight (a) ranged from 6073.7 for Ross male and from 4341.8 for Arbor acres male, respectively. The age at the inflection point was estimated from 16.0 weeks for arbor acres and 20.0 weeks for Ross, respectively. In conclusion, Ross 308 has more growth curve. The parameter obtain from growth models could help define feeding programmes to meet nutritional needs from hatching to the age of maximum growth, reproduction programs and marketing strategies.

La compréhension de la croissance animale est importante pour l'amélioration des pratiques de gestion et d'alimentation. Ainsi, cette étude a été menée pour déterminer la courbe de croissance appropriée des poules mâles Arbor Acres et Ross 308. Dans cette étude, le poids de croissance individuel de 50 mâles a été évalué dès le premier jour et chaque semaine pendant huit semaines, pour chaque type de poulet, à l'aide du modèle de Gompertz. Le poids de chaque oiseau a été mesuré et le poids asymétrique estimé (a) variait de 6073,7 pour le mâle Ross et de 4341,8 pour le mâle Arbor Acres, respectivement. L'âge au point d'inflexion a été estimé à 16,0 semaines pour Arbor Acres et 20,0 semaines pour Ross, respectivement. En conclusion, Ross 308 a une courbe de croissance supérieure. Les paramètres obtenus à partir des modèles de croissance pourraient aider à définir des programmes d'alimentation pour répondre aux besoins nutritionnels depuis l'éclosion jusqu'à l'âge de croissance maximale, ainsi que des programmes de reproduction et des stratégies de commercialisation.
Does total column ozone change during a solar eclipse?
Authors: Bernhard Germar H. , Janson George T. , Simpson Scott , Cordero Raúl R. , Sepúlveda Araya Edgardo I. , Jorquera Jose , Rayas Juan A. , Lind Randall N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Several publications have reported that total column ozone (TCO) may oscillate with an amplitude of up to 10 DU (Dobson units) during a solar eclipse, whereas other researchers have not seen evidence that an eclipse leads to variations in TCO beyond the typical natural variability. Here, we try to resolve these contradictions by measuring short-term variations (of seconds to minutes) in TCO using “global” (Sun and sky) and direct-Sun observations in the ultraviolet (UV) range with filter radiometers (GUVis-3511 and Microtops II®). Measurements were performed during three solar eclipses: the “Great American Eclipse” of 2024, which was observed in Mazatlán, Mexico, on 8 April 2024; a partial solar eclipse that took place in the United States on 14 October 2023 and was observed at Fort Collins, Colorado (40.57° N, 105.10° W); and a total solar eclipse that occurred in Antarctica on 4 December 2021 and was observed at Union Glacier (79.76° S, 82.84° W). The upper limits of the amplitude of oscillations in TCO observed at Mazatlán, Fort Collins, and Antarctica were 0.4 %, 0.3 %, and 0.03 %, respectively. The variability at all sites was within that observed during times not affected by an eclipse. The slightly larger variability at Mazatlán is due to cirrus clouds occurring throughout the day of the eclipse and the difficulty of separating changes in the ozone layer from cloud effects. These results support the conclusion that a solar eclipse does not lead to variations in TCO of more than ± 1.2 DU and that these variations are likely much lower, drawing into question reports of much larger oscillations. In addition to calculating TCO, we also present changes in the spectral irradiance and aerosol optical depth during eclipses and compare radiation levels observed during totality. The new results augment our understanding of the effect of a solar eclipse on the Earth's upper atmosphere.
أنماط عصرية للتأقلم مع ندرة المياه في ظل التغيرات المناخية بواحات الجنوب الشرقي للمغرب
Authors: Abdessamad khouya  
Published: January 2025

ركزت الدراسة على واحات الجنوب الشرقي للمغرب، التي تتميز بمناخ جاف وصحراوي على مدار السنة، وفقاً لمقاييس علمية معتمدة. أظهرت النتائج أن معدلات التساقطات المطرية تتجه نحو الجفاف والعجز المائي، مما أدى إلى تراجع الموارد المائية وانخفاض تدفق الأودية والفرشة الباطنية. تاريخياً، تمكن سكان الواحات من التكيف مع ندرة المياه من خلال تقنيات تقليدية لجلب الماء )الخطارة، أغرور، أكوك...( وأخرى لتقسيم الماء )تناست، أسقول...(، علاوة على تنظيمات اجتماعية وقوانين عرفية تستند إليها القبيلة في تدبير العلاقات الاجتماعية المرتبطة بالماء. ومع ذلك، شهدت هذه الأساليب تراجعاً في العقود الأخيرة واستُبدلت بتقنيات حديثة مثل محطات الضخ العصرية. ساهمت هذه التحولات، إلى جانب التغيرات المناخية، في حدوث تغييرات بيئية جذرية مثل تراجع مستوى ومخزون الفرشة المائية، جفاف الخطارات، إهمال مساحات شاسعة من واحات النخيل، وتسريع ظواهر مثل التصحر والجفاف الهيدرولوجي. من أجل التكيف والتأقلم مع الوضع الجديد، انخرط المزارعين ومختلف المؤسسات المعنية بتدبير الماء، في اعتماد تقنيات جديدة من أجل الاستعمال المستدام للمياه والتخفيف من ضخ المياه وتراجع مستوى الفرشة المائية، والتي تتمثل في بناء العتبات التطعيمية على الأودية وتوسيع نطاق استعمال التقنيات المقتصدة للماء )الري الموضعي، تقنيات الرش، تقنية النانو...(، علاوة علة بناء محطات معالجة المياه المستعملة...إلخ. ختاماً، تؤكد الدراسة أن المياه هي عصب الحياة في الواحات، وأن ترشيد وتدبير هذه الموارد يجب أن يكون من الأولويات الأساسية لضمان استدامة الواحات.
Ficha psicopedagógica para el seminario menor
Authors: Díez León , Castellanos Nicolás 
Published: January 2025

Teoría y práctica de la ficha psicopedagógica que facilita una fenomenología de la vocación .Múltiple función de constatar la estructuración de la mentalidad, actitud y conducta del llamado, y como guia y criterio de orientadón para los formadores, sobre todo en lo referente a una éducación individulizada y personal.
Effect of Variation Natrium Sitrat Concentration and Centrifugation Time on Prothrombin Time (PT) Value
Authors: Najiyyah Amalia Nur , Marliana Nina , Hayati Eem , Rahmat Mamat 
Published: January 2025

Background & Objective: Prothrombin Time (PT) test is one of the hemostasis tests used to determine whether there is a deficiency of extrinsic clotting factors and co-pathway clotting factors, namely factors I, II, V, VII, and X. The pre-analytical stage that must be considered in the hemostasis examination is the concentration of anticoagulant used and the centrifugation process. This study was conducted to determine the effect of variations in sodium citrate anticoagulant concentration and centrifugation time on Prothrombin Time (PT) values.
Method: The anticoagulants used in this study were 3.2% and 3.8% sodium citrate. Centrifugation is the process of separating cells from plasma. The effect of improper centrifugation is to increase the number of platelets, so that platelet factors contained in platelets will accelerate the formation of fibrin. The research conducted is a pseudo-experimental study by giving treatment to blood specimens that will be added with anticoagulant Sodium Citrate concentrations of 3.2% and 3.8% with a blood ratio of 9:1, then centrifuged at 3000 rpm and given a variation of time for 15 minutes, 10 minutes, and 5 minutes. The results were tested using Saphiro Wilk and Friedman Test.
Result : Based on the research that has been done, the Asymp. Sig. value obtained in the Friedman Test is >0.05. This indicates that the treatment that has been given to the sample has no effect on the value of Prothrombin Time.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the variation of sodium citrate concentrations of 3.2% and 3.8%, as well as in the variation of 3000 rpm centrifugation time of 15 minutes, 10 minutes, and 5 minutes on the value of Prothrombin Time (PT).
تحليل الأخطاء النحوية في كتابة البحث العلمي بطلاب قسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة السيد علي رحمة الله الإسلامية الحكومية تولونج أجونج
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Cahyono Machrup Eko , Rahmawati Rina Dian 
Published: January 2025

إن علم النحو يتعلق علاقة قوية بمهارة الكتابة إلا أن هناك لا يزال الكثير من الطلبة لم يبذلوا جهودهم في استيعابه و تطبيقه في الكتابة حتى وجد المحاضر بعض الأخطاء النحوية في كتابتهم و خاصة في رسالاتهم الأكادمية. و من أسباب ذلك أن فهم الطلاب عن قواعد النحو لا يزال ضعيفا. و كذلك بقلة التدريبات على تطبيق تلك القواعد في التعبير الكتابي. أراد الباحث هنا تقديم ثلاثة الأمور: (1) الأخطاء النحوية في وضع الجمل المفيدة الواردة في البحث العلمي؛ (2) الأخطاء النحوية في وضع الفقرة العربية الواردة في البحث العلمي؛ (3) مساهمة هذا التحليل في تعليم مهارة الكتابة و النحو في قسم تعليم اللغة العربية. و منهج البحث المستخدم هو تحليل المضمون )تحليل المحتوى( والمقابلات والوثائق. وتظهر نتائج البحث ما يلي: (1) الأخطاء في بناء الجمل المفيدة تشمل: أولاً، عدم وجود توافق بين الفاعل والفعل، ثانياً، تجاهل قواعد الأفعال الخامسة؛ ثالثًا: لا يوجد توافق بين النعت والمنعوت؛ رابعاً، الأخطاء في فهم "العائد" للضمير؛ خامساً: وضع الإضافة في موضع النعت. سادسا، عدم القدرة على وضع أحرف النواسخ في الجمل. (2) الأخطاء في وضع الفقرات ما يلي: أولاً، عدم القدرة على تحديد الروابط؛ ثانيًا: تحديد العائد بين الجمل، ثالثا: في تحديد علامات الترقيم. (3) تشتمل المساهمات البحثية على أمرين: أولاً، المساهمات التخطيطية والتي تتكون من: (أ) عند تجميع مواد المحاضرة؛ (ب) تقديم ديل كتابة ، ثانيًا، المساهمة العملية؛ إعطاء المحاضر نقاط الخطأ في كتابة الطلاب حتى يتمكن من تقديم تدريب أكثر تركيزًا وفقًا لجانب الخطأ الأكثر بروزًا.
PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS DALAM MENDORONG KREATIVITAS SISWA SDN 21 TOLOMUNDU KOTA BIMA
Authors: Haris Abdul , Aulya Aulya , Abdussahid Abdussahid , Wulandari Astrid 
Published: January 2025

Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek atau Project Based Learning (PBL) dalam mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) di SDN 21 Kota Bima bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kreativitas siswa melalui pendekatan pembelajaran yang aktif dan kontekstual. PBL memaksa siswa bekerja dalam tim untuk menyelesaikan proyek yang berkaitan dengan dunia nyata. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dan berjenis penelitian lapangan. Untuk mengumpulkan data, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, Proses pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan oleh Miles dan Huberman termasuk penyesuaian, penyajian, penarikan kesimpulan, dan verifikasi. Studi ini menemukan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis proyek dapat membantu peserta didik Kelas V di SDN 21 Kota Bima menjadi lebih aktif, bersemangat, dan antusias. Selain itu, kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis proyek membantu siswa dalam mengembangkan ide-ide kreatif dan inovatif mereka. Oleh karena itu, PBL tidak hanya meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang materi IPS, tetapi juga mengajarkan mereka keterampilan yang sangat penting untuk menghadapi kesulitan di masa depan. Pembelajaran berbasis proyek ini, dianggap sebagai pendekatan pembelajaran yang efektif untuk menciptakan karakter tingkat sekolah dasar. keterlibatan dalam model Project-Based Learning yang dapat dianggap sebagai pendekatan pembelajaran yang efektif dalam membentuk karakter tingkat Sekolah Dasar.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN SISTIM EKONOMI ISLAM DAN SISTIM EKONOMI KAPITALIS
Authors: Sagaf Umar , Ibrahim Ibrahim , Rafiuddin Rafiuddin 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini membahas tentang konsep sistem ekonomi Islam. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan Islam dengan ekonomi dan bagaimana pola pengaturan Islam dalam bidang ekonomi, kemudian pengaturan terhadap individu dalam memperoleh harta. Penelitian ini melibatkan sebuah analisis terhadap prinsip-prinsip dasar sistem ekonomi kapitalis. Prinsip-prinsip seperti kepemilikan pribadi, keadilan, berkelanjutan, dan pemerataan kekayaan, sesuai dengan inti dari sistem ekonomi kapitalis yang akan dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Benarkah sistem ekonomi Islam merupakan satu-satunya teori ekonomi yang dapat diharapkan sebagai penerang dalam menghadapi permasalahan ekonomi yaitu sistem ekonomi yang mampu menciptakan keadilan, kesejahteraan semua pihak, dan keberkahan dunia dan akhirat. Ekonomi Islam dalam praktiknya tidak terlepas dari hukum ekonomi Islam. Hukum ekonomi Islam yang melandasi sistem ekonomi sangat berbeda dengan sistem ekonomi kapitalis.
Potensi Hasil Kacang Tanah yang Diaplikasi Pupuk Organik Cair Kulit Nenas dan Urin Kambing
Authors: Lalla Milawati , Sudiarta I Made , Suwandi Said  , Ngioyo Yahya 
Published: January 2025

Kacang tanah merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman kacang-kacangan yang banyak dibutuhkan namun potensi produksi yang masih rendah. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis potensi produksi tanaman kacang tanah dengan pemberian pupuk organik cair dan menghitung potensi hasil kacang tanah dengan pemberian POC kulit nenas dan POC urin kambing. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian kecamatan Bulango Timur kabupaten Bone Bolango provinsi Gorontalo pada bulan November 2023 - Januari 2024. Penelitian dalam bentuk percobaan lapangan yang disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri atas 4 perlakuan termasuk kontrol dan 4 ulangan yaitu (P0= kontrol; P1 = 125 mL POC kulit nenas + 375 mL POC urin kambing; P2 = 375 mL POC kulit nenas + 125 mL POC urin kambing dan P3 = 250 mL POC kulit nenas + 250 mL POC urin kambing), menggunakan benih kacang tanah varietas Katana-2 dengan jarak tanam 25 cm x 25 cm dan ukuran plot 2 m x 1 m. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Sidik Ragam dan diuji dengan menggunakan Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) 0,01%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pupuk organik cair berpotensi meningkatkan produksi tanaman kacang tanah. Level dosis 250 mL POC kulit nenas + 250 mL POC urin kambing (P3) dan berbeda sangat nyata dengan kontrol. Potensi hasil sebesar 1,74 t.?¹ biji dan 7,055 t?¹ polong segar panen.