bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GPD1L inhibits renal cell carcinoma progression by regulating PINK1/Parkin‐mediated mitophagy
Authors: Liu Ting , Zhu Hengcheng , Ge Minghuan , Pan Zhou , Zeng Yan , Leng Yan , Yang Kang , Cheng Fan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFew approaches have been conducted in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after nephrectomy, resulting in a high mortality rate in urological tumours. Mitophagy is a mechanism of mitochondrial quality control that enables selective degradation of damaged and unnecessary mitochondria. Previous studies have found that glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase 1‐like (GPD1L) is associated with the progression of tumours such as lung cancer, colorectal cancer and oropharyngeal cancer, but the potential mechanism in RCC is still unclear. In this study, microarrays from tumour databases were analysed. The expression of GPD1L was confirmed by RT–qPCR and western blotting. The effect and mechanism of GPD1L were explored using cell counting kit 8, wound healing, invasion, flow cytometry and mitophagy‐related experiments. The role of GPD1L was further confirmed in vivo. The results showed that GPD1L expression was downregulated and positively correlated with prognosis in RCC. Functional experiments revealed that GPD1L prevented proliferation, migration and invasion while promoting apoptosis and mitochondrial injury in vitro. The mechanistic results indicated that GPD1L interacted with PINK1, promoting PINK1/Parkin‐mediated mitophagy. However, inhibition of PINK1 reversed GPD1L‐mediated mitochondrial injury and mitophagy. Moreover, GPD1L prevented tumour growth and promoted mitophagy by activating the PINK1/Parkin pathway in vivo. Our study shows that GPD1L has a positive correlation with the prognosis of RCC. The potential mechanism involves interacting with PINK1 and regulating the PINK1/Parkin pathway. In conclusion, these results reveal that GPD1L can act as a biomarker and target for RCC diagnosis and therapy.
The effect of an attachment‐based intervention program on attachment, expectation, and stress in pregnant women: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Sabancı Baransel Esra , Uçar Tuba 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the effect of an attachment‐based intervention program (ABIP) on attachment, prenatal expectation and stress levels in pregnant women.MethodsThis randomized controlled study was conducted in the pregnant outpatient clinics of a public hospital in Turkey. The study sample consisted of a total of 154 pregnant women (77 experimental, 77 control) at 28–38 weeks of gestation. The ABIP was applied to the pregnant women in the experimental group for 5–7 days. The ABIP included five interventions: (1) perceiving/counting fetal movements; (2) music therapy; (3) preparation for the baby; (4) writing notes/letters to the baby; and (5) watching images of the fetus/pregnancy.ResultsAfter the ABIP, pregnant women in the experimental group had higher prenatal maternal attachment and prenatal positive expectation mean scores than those in the control group, and the difference between them was statistically significant in favor of those in the experimental group (P < .001). In addition, pregnant women in the experimental group had lower prenatal negative expectation and prenatal distress mean scores than those in the control group, and the difference between them was statistically significant in favor of those in the experimental group (P < .001).ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that ABIP is a unique and pioneering program to increase maternal‐antenatal attachment and prenatal positive expectations and reducing prenatal negative expectations and distress through diverse interventions. However, further research is required to assess the effectiveness of ABIP on maternal‐fetal attachment, prenatal maternal expectations, and prenatal distress.
Digital manufacturing and innovation
Authors: Stanko Michael A. , Rindfleisch Aric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, manufacturing has become increasingly digitized via an array of new technological developments. This digitization is transforming the way products are designed, created and consumed. However, relatively little is known about the impact of digital manufacturing upon innovation management. This special issue on Digital Manufacturing and Product Innovation begins to address this deficit via a collection of seven articles. Collectively, these articles cover a broad range of innovation‐related topics, ranging from digital twins to corporate makerspaces. In this opening article, we provide a brief overview of digital manufacturing and its relation to innovation, a review of prior research in this domain, a summary of the articles in this special issue, and an agenda for future research.
Bacillus subtilis extracellular protease production incurs a context‐dependent cost
Authors: Rosazza Thibault , Eigentler Lukas , Earl Chris , Davidson Fordyce A. , Stanley‐Wall Nicola R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicrobes encounter a wide range of polymeric nutrient sources in various environmental settings, which require processing to facilitate growth. Bacillus subtilis, a bacterium found in the rhizosphere and broader soil environment, is highly adaptable and resilient due to its ability to utilise diverse sources of carbon and nitrogen. Here, we explore the role of extracellular proteases in supporting growth and assess the cost associated with their production. We provide evidence of the essentiality of extracellular proteases when B. subtilis is provided with an abundant, but polymeric nutrient source and demonstrate the extracellular proteases as a shared public good that can operate over a distance. We show that B. subtilis is subjected to a public good dilemma, specifically in the context of growth sustained by the digestion of a polymeric food source. Furthermore, using mathematical simulations, we uncover that this selectively enforced dilemma is driven by the relative cost of producing the public good. Collectively, our findings reveal how bacteria can survive in environments that vary in terms of immediate nutrient accessibility and the consequent impact on the population composition. These findings enhance our fundamental understanding of how bacteria respond to diverse environments, which has importance to contexts ranging from survival in the soil to infection and pathogenesis scenarios.
Inner bark vs sapwood is the main driver of nitrogen and phosphorus allocation in stems and roots across three tropical woody plant communities
Authors: Rosell Julieta A. , Marcati Carmen R. , Olson Mark E. , Lagunes Xanath , Vergilio Paula C. B. , Jiménez‐Vera Cipatli , Campo Julio 
Published: June 2023

Summary

Nutrient allocation is central to understanding plant ecological strategies and forest roles in biogeochemical cycles. Thought to be mainly driven by environmental conditions, nutrient allocation to woody organs, especially to living tissues, is poorly understood.

To examine the role of differences in living tissues (sapwood, SW, vs inner bark, IB), organs, ecological strategies, and environmental conditions in driving nutrient allocation and scaling in woody plants, we quantified nitrogen and phosphorus in main stems and coarse roots of 45 species from three tropical ecosystems with contrasting precipitation, fire regime, and soil nutrients.

Nutrient concentration variation was mostly explained by differences between IB and SW, followed by differences between species and, in the case of phosphorus, soil nutrient availability. IB nutrient concentrations were four times those of SW, with root tissues having slightly higher concentrations than stem tissues. Scaling between IB and SW, and between stems and roots, was generally isometric. In cross‐sections, IB contributed half of total nutrients in roots and a third in stems.

Our results highlight the important role of IB and SW for nutrient storage, the coordination in nutrient allocation across tissues and organs, and the need to differentiate between IB and SW to understand plant nutrient allocation.
Salivary levels of Osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa ligand during orthodontic tooth movement—A prospective pilot study
Authors: Naoumova Julia , Olofsson Richard , Almståhl Annica , Cevik‐Aras Hülya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to monitor changes in Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa ligand (RANKL) levels in the saliva during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).Materials and MethodsNine healthy females (15–20 y of age) with four pre‐molar extractions and fixed appliance were included. In total, 134 stimulated and 134 unstimulated saliva samples were collected: at baseline and then every 6–8 weeks at follow‐up appointments during the whole orthodontic treatment. Twelve age‐matched females with no active orthodontic treatment served as a control group. Saliva samples were analysed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). The mean levels of OPG and RANKL were calculated according to the different orthodontic treatment stages: alignment, space closure and finishing. A mixed model analysis was used to compare the means of treatment stages. Baseline OPG levels were compared with the control group using an independent t‐test. OPG levels were measured in stimulated saliva due to low levels in unstimulated saliva.ResultsNo significant difference was observed between baseline OPG values and the control group. OPG increased significantly at all treatment stages: alignment, space closure and finishing compared with baseline (P = 0.002, P = 0.039, P ≤ 0.001, respectively). The salivary levels of OPG increased gradually, except during space closure, reaching peak levels at finishing. RANKL was undetectable in stimulated and unstimulated saliva by sandwich Elisa during OTM.ConclusionsThis novel approach shows the changes in the levels of OPG in OTM and indicates how and when to sample saliva during orthodontic treatment to analyse bone remodelling.
Comparison between Ultrasound‐Guided Pericapsular Nerve Group Block and Local Infiltration Analgesia for Postoperative Analgesia after Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ye Shuwei , Wang Liying , Wang Qiuru , Li Qianhao , Alqwbani Mohammed , Kang Pengde 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesPericapsular nerve group (PENG) blocking is a novel nerve block modality for analgesia after total hip arthroplasty (THA); however, its analgesic efficacy is unclear. We aimed to compare the analgesic effect of ultrasound‐guided PENG blocking and periarticular local infiltration analgesia after THA.MethodsThis study involved patients undergoing unilateral primary THA at our institution between October 2022 and December 2022. Based on a prospective double‐blind, randomized approach, patients were randomly divided into two groups: the PENG and infiltration groups. The former received ultrasound‐guided pericapsular nerve block before surgery while the latter received local anesthesia and local infiltration analgesia during surgery. The primary outcome was the amount of morphine used for rescue analgesia within 48 h after surgery and the visual analog scale (VAS) pain score at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes consisted of postoperative hip function on the first and second postoperative days, including hip extension angle and flexion, as well as distance traveled by the patient. Tertiary outcomes included length of hospital stay and postoperative adverse reactions. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Using the appropriate statistical methodology, continuous and categorical data were analyzed, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThere was no clear difference in morphine requirements during the first 24 hours postoperatively (5.8 ± 5.9 vs. 6.0 ± 6.3, p = 0.910), in the total postoperative morphine consumption (7.5 ± 6.3 vs. 7.8 ± 6.6, p = 0.889), and in the postoperative resting VAS pain scores (p > 0.05). However, the exercise VAS score in the PENG group was significantly higher than that in the infiltration group within 12 hours after surgery (6.1 + 1.2 vs. 5.4 + 1.0, p = 0.008). There was no significant difference in hip function, length of hospital stay, or incidence of complications between the two groups.ConclusionThe analgesic effect and functional recovery of ultrasound‐guided pericapsular nerve block for THA was not superior to that of periarticular local infiltration analgesia.
How gubernatorial budgetary power and interest groups affect vertical fiscal imbalances in the US states: Focusing on fiscal centralization and decentralization
Authors: Kim Koomin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study empirically examines the roles of gubernatorial budgetary power and interest groups in vertical fiscal imbalances across US states via a two‐step generalized method of moments estimation during a 22‐year period (1987–2008). States' share of intergovernmental transfers and the local share of intergovernmental transfers are often affected by interaction between governors and interest groups, as are expenditure centralization and revenue/expenditure centralization. Revenue decentralization and the local share of intergovernmental transfers are frequently influenced by cooperation between governors and interest groups via mutual support. Long‐term cooperation and gridlock each influence expenditure centralization, revenue/expenditure centralization, and revenue decentralization. Long‐term cooperation is not statistically significant in terms of the state and local shares of intergovernmental transfers; that is, governors and interest groups cooperate in pursuit of short‐term benefits rather than long‐term results. Long‐term political influence also has no impact, affirming a short‐term‐oriented political viewpoint.
Estimating statistical power for ERP studies using the auditory N1, Tb, and P2 components
Authors: Hall Lachlan , Dawel Amy , Greenwood Lisa‐Marie , Monaghan Conal , Berryman Kevin , Jack Bradley N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe N1, Tb, and P2 components of the event‐related potential (ERP) are thought to reflect the sequential processing of auditory stimuli in the human brain. Despite their extensive use in biological, cognitive, and clinical neuroscience, there are no guidelines for how to appropriately power ERP studies using these components. In the present study, we investigated how the number of trials, number of participants, effect magnitude, and study design influenced statistical power. Using Monte Carlo simulations of ERP data from a passive listening task, we determined the probability of finding a statistically significant effect in 58,900 experiments repeated 1,000 times each. We found that as the number of trials, number of participants, and effect magnitude increased, so did statistical power. We also found that increasing the number of trials had a bigger effect on statistical power for within‐subject designs than for between‐subject designs, and that within‐subject designs required a smaller number of trials and participants to provide the same level of statistical power for a given effect magnitude than between‐subject designs. These results show that it is important to carefully consider these factors when designing ERP studies, rather than relying on tradition or anecdotal evidence. To improve the robustness and reproducibility of ERP research, we have built an online statistical power calculator (https://bradleynjack.shinyapps.io/ErpPowerCalculator), which we hope will allow researchers to estimate the statistical power of previous studies, as well as help them design appropriately‐powered studies in the future.
Romantic relationship quality during the COVID‐19 pandemic: The longitudinal associations with relationship loneliness and depression
Authors: Charvat Emily J. , Ogan Matthew , Kanter Jeremy B. , Monk J. Kale , Proulx Christine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic created significant strain on both mental health and romantic relationships. Therefore, we examined longitudinal associations between romantic relationship quality, relationship loneliness, and depressive symptoms over 6 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We surveyed 122 couples (n = 244 individuals) in approximately May, September, and November 2020. Using a dyadic mediation model, findings indicated that relationship quality at Time 1 was positively associated with depression at Time 3 for men, but not for women. A significant indirect effect of relationship quality on depression via relationship loneliness at Time 2 was found for both men and women. Self‐mastery, or feeling in control of one's life circumstances, was an important covariate of women's depressive symptoms. Overall, these findings highlight relationship loneliness as particularly salient for mental health and demonstrate the importance of high‐quality relationships for promoting well‐being during stressful events, such as global pandemics.
Vaccine‐incentivized blood donation: A survey of public perceptions in Canada
Authors: Stoklosa Klaudiusz , Elfaki Lina A. , Ding Christina , Sachal Sukhmeet S. , Escuadro Robert Jasper G. , Tu Karen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCanadian blood donations declined during the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Conversely, vaccine demand outpaced supply during the initial stages of the COVID‐19 vaccine rollout in Canada. This study investigates public perceptions regarding vaccine‐incentivized blood donation, among COVID‐19 and future pandemics, in Canada.Materials and MethodsA 19‐question survey was developed and distributed in person and online to Canadians during the third wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Participants were asked questions about demographics, blood donation eligibility, previous donations and sentiments towards vaccine‐incentivized blood donation. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsIn total, 787 respondents completed the survey with representation from all sexes, ages, races, locations of residence and work employment. Overall, 176 (22%) participants self‐identified as working or living in healthcare settings, 511 (65%) were currently able to donate blood products, 247 (31%) previously donated blood and 48 (6%) donated blood during the COVID‐19 pandemic. With the exception of ineligible blood donors, many Canadians, particularly previous blood donors, were agreeable with this incentivization proposal. Many participants claimed they would donate blood products for vaccines during COVID‐19 and future pandemics but raised concerns about the equitableness of such approach.ConclusionVaccine‐incentivized blood donation was viewed positively by many Canadians in our study. Future research must investigate the equity and feasibility of this strategy. In the interim, further strategies should be explored to encourage blood donation in Canada.
TiO2‐WO3 nanocube‐polyaniline hierarchical membrane for efficient removal of chromium in a photocatalytic membrane reactor
Authors: Rathna Thara , PonnanEttiyappan JagadeeshBabu , Sudhakar D. Ruben 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this article, the rational design of a physically coated TiO2‐WO3 nanocube‐polyaniline photocatalytic membrane (hierarchical) reactor for the efficient reduction of chromium (VI) under visible light is discussed. The incorporation of TiO2‐WO3 in the polyaniline (PANI) membrane provides excellent hydrophilicity and high photo‐corrosion resistance and facilitates the rapid permeation of water with a flux rate of 12 L/m2 h and higher Cr (VI) reduction. The exposure of bare PANI membranes in Cr (VI) solution leads to over‐oxidation of PANI membrane and eventually leads to the destruction of the membrane. The hierarchical photocatalytic coating improves the lifetime of the membrane by blocking it from deprotonation. The photocatalytic membrane could offer 79.30% Cr (VI) reduction under visible light irradiation in a photocatalytic membrane reactor. After several reduction cycles, the membrane showed good self‐cleaning ability. The present work suggests that TiO2‐WO3 nanocube‐coated PANI hierarchical membrane is a promising approach for the reduction and removal of Cr (VI) from wastewater.
Principal neurons in the olfactory cortex mediate bidirectional modulation of seizures
Authors: Wu Jing , Liu Penglai , Geng Chi , Liu Changyu , Li Jiaxin , Zhu Qiuju , Li Anan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough the piriform cortex (PC) has been previously implicated as a critical node for seizure generation and propagation, the underlying neural mechanism has remained unclear. Here, we found increased excitability in PC neurons during amygdala kindling acquisition. Optogenetic or chemogenetic activation of PC pyramidal neurons promoted kindling progression, whereas inhibition of these neurons retarded seizure activities induced by electrical kindling in the amygdala. Furthermore, chemogenetic inhibition of PC pyramidal neurons alleviated the severity of kainic acid‐induced acute seizures. These results demonstrate that PC pyramidal neurons bidirectionally modulate seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy, providing evidence for the efficacy of PC pyramidal neurons as a potential therapeutic target for epileptogenesis.
imageKey points
While the piriform cortex (PC) is an important olfactory centre critically involved in olfactory processing and plays a crucial role in epilepsy due to its close connection with the limbic system, how the PC regulates epileptogenesis is largely unknown.
In this study, we evaluated the neuronal activity and the role of pyramidal neurons in the PC in the mouse amygdala kindling model of epilepsy.
PC pyramidal neurons are hyperexcited during epileptogenesis.
Optogenetic and chemogenetic activation of PC pyramidal neurons significantly promoted seizures in the amygdala kindling model, whereas selective inhibition of these neurons produced an anti‐epileptic effect for both electrical kindling and kainic acid‐induced acute seizures.
The results of the present study indicate that PC pyramidal neurons bidirectionally modulate seizure activity.
A Numerical Investigation of Rider Injury Risks During Falls Caused by E-Scooter–Stopper Impacts
Authors: Chontos Rafael , Grindle Daniel , Untaroiu Alexandrina , Doerzaph Zachary , Untaroiu Costin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Within the past decade, injuries caused by electric scooter (e-scooter) crashes have significantly increased. A primary cause is front wheel collisions with a vertical surface such as a curb or object, generically referred to as a “stopper.” In this study, various e-scooter-stopper crashes were simulated numerically across different impact speeds, approach angles, and stopper heights to characterize the influence of crash type on rider injury risk during falls. A finite element (FE) model of a standing Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device was used as the rider model after being calibrated against certification test data. Additionally, an FE model of an e-scooter was developed based on reconstructed scooter geometry. Forty-five FE simulations were run to investigate various e-scooter crash scenarios. Test parameters included impact speed (from 3.2 m/s to 11.16 m/s), approach angle (30 deg to 90 deg), and stopper height (52 mm, 101 mm, and 152 mm). Additionally, the perpendicular (90 deg) impact scenarios were run twice: once with Hybrid-III arm activation to mimic a rider attempting to break a fall with their hands and once without this condition. Overall, the risks of serious injury to the rider varied greatly; however, roughly half the impact scenarios indicated serious risk to the rider. This was expected, as the speeds tested were in the upper 25th percentile of reported scooter speeds. The angle of approach was found to have the greatest effect on injury risk to the rider, and was shown to be positively correlated with injury risk. Smaller approach angles were shown to cause the rider to land on their side, while larger approach angles caused the rider to land on their head and chest. Additionally, arm bracing was shown to reduce the risk of serious injury in two thirds of the impact scenarios.