bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synovial‐fluid‐derived microparticles express vimentin and GRP78 in their surface and exhibit an in vitro stimulatory effect on fibroblast‐like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Michael Benita Nancy Reni , Mariaselvam Christina Mary , Kavadichanda Chengappa G. , Negi Vir Singh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the hypothesis that microparticles (MP) may be a source of autoantigens and drive disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium.MethodsSynovial fluid (SF) was collected from the knee joints of 41 disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drug‐naive RA patients and 30 osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Samples were stained with either anti‐vimentin‐AlexaFluor‐488 or anti‐glucose‐regulated protein‐78‐Dylight‐488 (GRP78) and Annexin‐V‐allophycocyanin for flow cytometry analysis. RA and OA fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) were co‐cultured with respective SF‐derived MP in vitro for 24 h. Supernatant and cell‐free SF was assayed for pro‐inflammatory analytes by multiplex assays.ResultsElevated percentages of AnnexinV+ Vimentin+ MP (median 0.8, interquartile range [IQR] 1.30) and AnnexinV+ GRP78+ MP (median 0.3, IQR 0.28) were present in RA compared with OA patients. We observed that CXCL6 and CCL8 were secreted in excess by RA‐FLS stimulated with RA‐SF‐MP but not by stimulation with MP‐free RA‐SF.ConclusionsMicroparticles express vimentin and GRP78 on their surface and stimulate synoviocytes to produce inflammatory molecules, thus sustaining local inflammation in the synovium in RA.
Net zero portfolio targets for development finance institutions: Challenges and solutions
Authors: Fankhauser Sam , Srivastav Sugandha , Sundvor Ingrid , Hirmer Stephanie , Shrimali Gireesh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDevelopment finance needs to be better aligned with climate change objectives, and many experts see net zero portfolio targets as a powerful way to achieve this. This paper explores the operational implications of net zero portfolio targets for development finance institutions (DFIs). We set out an agenda to move development finance towards net zero goals in a way that acknowledges development concerns. These include (1) setting context‐specific emissions pathways with granular bottom‐up data and emphasising climate‐development win‐wins; (2) dealing with inertia and lumpiness in the portfolio through ‘when’ flexibility (multiyear carbon budgets) and ‘where’ flexibility (sharing of carbon space); (3) encouraging transition projects through future‐emissions accounting and transition credits; (4) managing climate‐development and other trade‐offs with an internal carbon price and ESG standards; and (5) accounting for emissions after project‐end with monitoring and legal provisions.
Dental clinicians' perceptions on the use of tele‐dentistry consultations during COVID‐19 within public dental clinics in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Mahony T , Wang C , Coilparampil A , Kong A , Patterson‐Norrie T , Villarosa A , George A , Yaacoub A 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough well accepted by clinicians and patients, teledentistry is not currently a widely used model of care within Australian public oral health services. This qualitative study aimed to review and evaluate dental clinicians' perceptions, by determining the acceptability and appropriateness of teledentistry as a model of care.MethodsA purposive sample of 12 public dental practitioners employed by a Local Health District in Sydney, and who had participated in teledentistry consultations, were recruited to participate in focus groups. Focus group discussions were transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsTeledentistry was a novel concept for most participants and was well accepted. Participants valued the use of a standardized consultation template as well as effective communication with other dental clinicians to support the practice of teledentistry. However, many found attempting contact with patients over the telephone difficult as well as the perceived patient frustration with the administration process and technological difficulties experienced.ConclusionTeledentistry has the potential for growth and expansion in the public health system. From the opinions in this study, the authors propose further research is needed into the efficacy of teledentistry to assist with the development of a model of care that would be beneficial for dental clinicians and their patients. © 2023 Australian Dental Association.
Pollination of Richea dracophylla (Ericaceae) and the role of the nocturnal ant Notoncus hickmani (Formicinae)
Authors: Nicol Stewart C. , McLachlan‐Troup Tanya A. , McQuillan Peter B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOur observation of large numbers of ants Notoncus hickmani (Formicinae) on the flowers of a Tasmanian endemic shrub Richea dracophyllum (Ericacea) during the night in winter prompted us to carry out a more extensive study of pollination of R. dracophyllum at two sites. Terminal panicles bear inflorescences of 300+ flowers whose petals are fused into calyptrae covering the reproductive organs, and the calyptrae must be removed before pollination can occur. To exclude birds, we placed mesh bags over some inflorescences. Inflorescences with exclusion bags had a high proportion of retained calyptra and the numbers of viable seeds were greatly reduced. We found R. dracophyllum to have a very long flowering period (more than 6 months) and a range of floral visitors, including honey‐eaters (Meliphagidae) and flying insects. At one site we observed large numbers (up to 100) of N. hickmani on inflorescences between dusk and midnight during winter at air temperatures down to 2.5°C. They fed on nectar from flowers that had lost their calyptra where they were exposed to pollen from the anthers and scanning electron microscopy showed high numbers of pollen grains being carried on the ants. The feeding behaviour of these ants would facilitate pollination between adjacent flowers (geitonogamy). Smaller numbers of dolichoderine ants (Iridomyrmex bicknelli?) were observed during the daytime in spring but mainly fed under partially detached calyptrae where they had little exposure to pollen. We suggest that R. dracophylla is pollinated by a range of species and functional groups—birds, flying insects and ants, and that the pollinating species will vary during the year and between sites, although insects depend on birds to remove the calyptrae. Ant pollination is rare, nocturnal ant pollination is extremely rare, and pollination by nocturnal cryophilic ants has not been documented previously.
The Political Consequences of Depression: How Conspiracy Beliefs, Participatory Inclinations, and Depression Affect Support for Political Violence
Authors: Baum Matthew A. , Druckman James N. , Simonson Matthew D. , Lin Jennifer , Perlis Roy H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDepression can affect individuals’ attitudes by enhancing cognitive biases and altering perceptions of control. We investigate the relationship between depressive symptoms and Americans’ attitudes regarding domestic extremist violence. We develop a theory that suggests the association between depression and support for political violence depends on conspiracy beliefs, participatory inclinations, and their combination. We test our theory using a two‐wave national survey panel from November 2020 and January 2021. We find that among those who hold conspiracy beliefs and/or have participatory inclinations, depression is positively associated with support for election violence and the January 6 Capitol riots. The participatory inclination dynamic is particularly strong for men. Our findings reveal how the intersection of two concerning features of American society—poor mental health and conspiratorial beliefs—strongly relate to another feature: support for political violence. The results also make clear that interventions aimed at addressing depression can potentially have substantial political consequences.
Nature and extent of disruptions to staff clinical supervision practices in health care settings due to COVID‐19: A survey study
Authors: Martin Priya , Argus Geoff , Fox Jordan , Gurney Tiana , McGrail Matthew , Kumar Saravana , Kondalsamy‐Chennakesavan Srinivas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on clinical supervision practices of health care workers in health care settings in one Australian state.MethodA bespoke survey was developed and administered online using Qualtrics™. The survey consisted of Likert scale and closed questions, with options for free text comments. Numerical data were analysed descriptively and using Chi‐Square tests. Textual data were analysed through content analysis.ResultsOf the 178 survey respondents, 42% were from allied health disciplines, 39% from nursing and midwifery, and 19% from medicine. The type and mode (i.e., face‐to‐face, telesupervision) of clinical supervision prior to the pandemic and at the time of survey completion (i.e., July–August 2021) were similar. Eighteen percent of respondents had a change in supervision arrangements but only 5% had a change in supervisor. For the 37% who changed roles due to COVID‐19, 81% felt their current supervisor was still able to support them, 69% were still having their supervisory needs met. Analyses of textual data resulted in the development of two categories: Supervision deteriorating, and some clinical supervision functions (i.e., formative and restorative) being more impacted than others (i.e., normative).ConclusionThere were substantial disruptions to several parameters of clinical supervision due to COVID‐19, that may pose a threat to high quality supervision. Health care workers reported pandemic‐induced stress and mental health challenges that were not always addressed by effective restorative supervision practices.
Association of right bundle branch block or intraventricular conduction delay with recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation
Authors: Lee Sung Ho , Choi Ji‐Hoon , Park Seung‐Jung , Park Kyoung‐Min , Kim June Soo , On Young Keun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association between bundle branch block (BBB) and recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after catheter ablation is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether AF combined with BBB is associated with AF recurrence after catheter ablation.MethodsA total of 477 consecutive AF patients who underwent catheter ablation were included. The AF patients were divided into three groups according to BBB: AF without BBB (n = 427), AF with right bundle branch block (AF with RBBB) (n = 16), and AF with intraventricular conduction delay (AF with IVCD) (n = 34).ResultsOf the 477 AF patients (mean age 57 years, 81% men, median CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 1), 16 (3.4%) patients had RBBB, and 34 (7.1%) patients had IVCD. During a mean follow‐up of 15.2 ± 6.7 months, 119 patients (24.9%) had recurrence of AF. Of these, 111 (26%) patients were in the AF without BBB group, with 2 (12.5%) and 6 (17.6%) patients in the RBBB and IVCD groups, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier estimate of the rate of recurrent AF was not significantly different among the three groups (p = .39). Multivariable analysis showed that persistent AF (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.15–2.50, p = .007), chronic kidney disease (HR 2.94, 95% CI 1.20–7.17, p = .01), and left atrial diameter (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.009–1.082, p = .01) were significantly associated with AF recurrence.ConclusionAF with BBB was not significantly associated with the recurrence of AF after catheter ablation in middle‐aged patients with low‐risk cardiovascular profile.
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus tenofovir alafenamide on risk of osteoporotic fracture in patients with chronic hepatitis B: A nationwide claims study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Eunju , Lee Hyun Woong , Kim Soon Sun , Yoon Eileen , Jang Eun Sun , Chang Jong‐In , Cho Young Youn , Seo Gi Hyeon , Kim Hyung Joon 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundAs tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) requires long‐term use, a reduction in bone density should be considered a possibility when treating patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with aging and systemic diseases. Patients treated with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) have improved bone mineral density loss compared to patients treated with TDF. Although improvements in bone density caused by TAF have been reported, studies on the actual reduction of fractures are insufficient.AimTo evaluate the impact of TAF on the risk of osteoporotic fractures in comparison with that of TDF.MethodsUsing the national claims data of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 32,582 patients with CHB who had been initially treated with TDF or TAF between November 2017 and December 2020. The numbers of patients treated with TDF and TAF were 20,877 and 11,705, respectively. The annual fracture rate per 100 patients in each group was calculated, and the Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) was analysed after applying inverse probability treatment weights (IPTW) for both groups.ResultsAmong 32,582 patients, the average age was 47.8 ± 11.2 years, 64.5% were men, and the follow‐up period was 24.4 ± 11.6 months. The incidence of osteoporotic fractures was 0.78 and 0.49 per 100 person‐years in the TDF and TAF groups, respectively. After application of IPTW, the HR was 0.68 (95% confidence interval 0.55–0.85, p = 0.001).ConclusionTAF‐treated patients with CHB had a significantly lower risk of osteoporotic fracture than TDF‐treated patients.
The roles of foreign and domestic ownership in the corruption–firm innovation nexus
Authors: Ashyrov Gaygysyz , Tasane Helery 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious literature has shown the detrimental impact of corruption on innovation. Conversely, the grease‐the‐wheel effect, in bribing fuelling firm innovation, has found some empirical support too. Past studies show that foreign‐owned firms largely outperform domestic firms in innovation activities. However, little is known about how corruption in developing countries might shape the advantages of foreign‐owned firms to innovate. We explored whether bribery, as an institutional dysfunctionality, is differently associated with innovation in the context of foreign owned versus domestically owned firms that operate in overall low research and development intensive economies and engage in exporting. By applying recursive bivariate probit regression, we investigated the link between bribery and innovation engagement among 4118 domestically and foreign‐owned exporting firms from 34 developing countries, using data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys and other databases. We find evidence on the grease‐the‐wheel effect so that bribery has a stimulating effect on innovation among domestically as well as foreign‐owned exporting firms. These findings underscore the importance for developing countries of finding institutional and policy solutions to coordination failure in combatting corruption.
Influence of aging of PEEK attachment inserts on the pull‐off force of implant‐retained overdentures – A laboratory study
Authors: Koenig Andreas , Rotenburg Laura , Fuchs Florian , Sander Stephan , Lethaus Bernd , Hahnel Sebastian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the current study is to investigate the influence of mechanical stress as well as cleaning agents on the performance of various polyether ether ketone (PEEK) inserts for implant‐retained overdentures (IOD).Materials and MethodsThree different standard PEEK inserts were subjected to rapid artificial aging through storage in chemical denture cleaning agents (acetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, or sparkling denture cleaner) as well as demineralized water. The pre‐aged PEEK inserts were then placed in unilateral IOD and subjected to 200,000 chewing loads (5 kg ~ 50 N), with 5000 thermal cycles (5/55°C), and 1100 removal/insertion cycles (vertical movement 2 mm).ResultsFor all the PEEK inserts, the retention forces decreased significantly with an increasing number of mechanical load cycles and after exposure to all the cleaning agents. PEEK inserts aged by exposure to chemical cleaning agents showed a significantly higher decline in retention force than the inserts stored in water. Confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated that the decline in retention force might be caused by wear on the internal insert surface in contact with the patrix.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the application of chemical cleaning agents accelerates the decline in the retention forces of PEEK retentive inserts in IODs.
Retina disease prediction using modified convolutional neural network based on Inception‐ResNet model with support vector machine classifier
Authors: Jain Arushi , Bhatnagar Vishal , Rao Annavarapu Chandra Sekhara , Khari Manju 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence and deep learning have aided ocular disease through experiments including automatic illness recognition from images of the iris, fundus, or retina. Automated diagnosis systems (ADSs) provide services for the benefit of humanity and are essential in the early detection of harmful diseases. In fact, early detection is essential to avoid total blindness. In real life, several diagnostic tests such as visual ocular tonometry, retinal exam, and acuity test are performed, but they are conclusively time demanding and stressful for the patient. To consume time and detect the retinal disease earlier, an efficient prediction method is designed. In this proposed model, the first process is data collection that consists of a retinal disease dataset for testing and training. The second process is pre‐processing, which executes image resizing and noise filter for feature extraction. The third step is feature extraction, which extracts the image's form, size, color, and texture for classification with CNN based on Inception‐ResNet V2. The classification process is done by using the SVM with the extracted features. The prediction of diseases is classified such as normal, cataract, glaucoma, and retinal disease. The suggested model's performance is assessed using performance indicators such as accuracy, error, sensitivity, precision, and so forth. The suggested model's accuracy, error, sensitivity, and precision are 0.96, 0.962, 0.964, and 0.04, respectively, higher than existing techniques such as VGG16, Mobilenet V1, ResNet, and AlexNet. Thus, the proposed model instantly predicts retinal disease.
Atypical language organization following perinatal infarctions of the left hemisphere is associated with structural changes in right‐hemispheric grey matter
Authors: Schnaufer Lukas , Gschaidmeier Alisa , Heimgärtner Magdalena , Driever Pablo Hernáiz , Hauser Till‐Karsten , Wilke Marko , Lidzba Karen , Staudt Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo assess how atypical language organization after early left‐hemispheric brain lesions affects grey matter in the contralesional hemisphere.MethodThis was a cross‐sectional study with between‐group comparisons of 14 patients (six female, 8–26 years) with perinatal left‐hemispheric brain lesions (two arterial ischemic strokes, 11 periventricular haemorrhagic infarctions, one without classification) and 14 typically developing age‐matched controls (TDC) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) documented left‐hemispheric language organization (six female, 8–28 years). MRI data were analysed with SPM12, CAT12, and custom scripts. Language lateralization indices were determined by fMRI within a prefrontal mask and right‐hemispheric grey matter group differences by voxel‐based morphometry (VBM).ResultsFMRI revealed left‐dominance in seven patients with typical language organization (TYP) and right‐dominance in seven patients with atypical language organization (ATYP) of 14 patients. VBM analysis of all patients versus controls showed grey matter reductions in the middle temporal gyrus of patients. A comparison between the two patient subgroups revealed an increase of grey matter in the middle frontal gyrus in the ATYP group. Voxel‐based regression analysis confirmed that grey matter increases in the middle frontal gyrus were correlated with atypical language organization.InterpretationCompatible with a non‐specific lesion effect, we found areas of grey matter reduction in patients as compared to TDC. The grey matter increase in the middle frontal gyrus seems to reflect a specific compensatory effect in patients with atypical language organization.What this paper adds

Perinatal stroke leads to decreased grey matter in the contralesional hemisphere.
Atypical language organization is associated with grey matter increases in contralesional language areas.
The profile of patients with maxillofacial trauma due to interpersonal violence treated in a hospital emergency room
Authors: Benassi Camila Maciel , de Assis Santos Vinícius Paes , Spagnol Guilherme , Ferraz Emanuela Prado , Luz João Gualberto C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis study evaluated records of patients with maxillofacial trauma due to interpersonal violence (IPV) being treated in the emergency room of a level I trauma center hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.Material and MethodsData of patients with maxillofacial trauma due to IPV recorded between January 2019 and December 2019 were retrospectively examined. Personal data, days on which they experienced IPV, and the type of maxillofacial trauma sustained were extracted and statistically analyzed (p < .050).ResultsDuring the analysis, 1034 patients with maxillofacial trauma were identified; of these patients, 292 (28.2%) who experienced trauma due to IPV were included in this study. There was a mean age of 32.6 years and the most common type of trauma was soft tissue injuries (38.7%). Mandible and nose fractures were more prevalent in males and females, respectively. Our data, when compared with other studies on maxillofacial trauma due to IPV, showed a lower prevalence and male‐to‐female ratio, and a higher presence of dentoalveolar trauma. Additionally, our data when compared with studies on maxillofacial trauma due to other causes showed lower mean age and male‐to‐female ratios, and a higher occurrence of nose fractures differing from the predominance of mandibular fractures.ConclusionOral and maxillofacial surgeons must be able to suspect and identify cases due to IPV among their patients with trauma. With our results, although each case has its individuality, we can suggest that cases of maxillofacial trauma in young, female, and nasal fracture patients may be suspicious for IPV.