bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities in Social Insurance Participation and Urban Identification Among In-situ Urbanized Residents in China
Authors: Gong Lin , Chen Juan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChina’s in-situ urbanization implies a phenomenon where rural populations become new urbanites as their land was reclassified as urban. While studies have suggested that social insurance may play a role in encouraging urban identification, empirical evidence in this field remains scarce. Highlighting the identity construction experience of in-situ urbanized residents, this study assesses the efficacy of major health and pension insurance in promoting a sense of urban identity in the context of China’s rapid urbanization. We analyze data from the 2018 Urbanization and Quality of Life Survey (N = 3,229) conducted in 40 localities that undergo in-situ urbanization. Results of multi-level modelling show that those participating in urban insurance schemes such as the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) are more likely to identify as urban. Enrollment in the New Rural Social Pension Scheme (NRSPS), however, is negatively associated with urban identification. There are also variations associated with the interaction of social insurance and hukou status. To promote future urban integration of in-situ urbanized residents, it is vital to build an equitable, efficient, and equal-access social insurance system in urbanizing China.
Sulforaphane, an Nrf-2 Agonist, Modulates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Cuprizone-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Ibrahim Fouad Ghadha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCuprizone (CPZ) is a neurotoxic agent that is used to induce demyelination and neurotoxicity in rats. This study aimed to investigate the protective potential of sulforaphane (SF), nuclear factor E2 related factor (Nrf-2) activator, against CPZ-induced cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Male adult Wistar rats (n = 18) were fed with a regular diet or a CPZ-contained diet (0.2%) for four weeks. The rats were divided into three groups (n = 6): negative control rats, CPZ-exposed rats, and CPZ + SF treated rats. SF was intraperitoneally administrated (2 mg/kg/day) for two weeks. The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative functions of SF were investigated biochemically, histologically, and immunohistochemically. CPZ increased serum levels of cardiac troponin 1 (CTn1), aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In addition, serum levels of inflammatory interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and pro-inflammatory interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were significantly elevated. Moreover, CPZ administration provoked oxidative stress as manifested by declined serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), as well as, stimulated lipid peroxidation and decreased catalase activities in both cardiac and hepatic tissues. SF treatment reversed all these biochemical alterations through exerting anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, and this was supported by histopathological investigations in both cardiac and hepatic tissues. This SF-triggered modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation is strongly associated with Nrf-2 activation, as evidenced by activated immunoexpression in both cardiac and hepatic tissues. This highlights the cardioprotective and hepatoprotective activities of SF via Nrf-2 activation and enhancing catalase function.
Health-Related Social Control and Perceived Stress Among High-Risk Latina Mothers with Type 2 Diabetes and Their At-Risk Adult Daughters
Authors: Cervantes-Ortega Maribel , Palma Anton M. , Rook Karen S. , Biegler Kelly A. , Davis Katelyn C. , Janio Emily A. , Kilgore David B. , Dow Emily , Ngo-Metzger Quyen , Sorkin Dara H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Diabetes-related multi-morbidity and cultural factors place Latinas with diabetes at increased risk for stress, which can threaten illness management. Families provide an ideal focus for interventions that seek to strengthen interpersonal resources for illness management and, in the process, to reduce stress. The current study sought to examine whether participating in a dyadic intervention was associated with reduced perceived stress and, furthermore, whether this association was mediated by persuasion and pressure, two forms of health-related social control.

Method
Latina mothers with diabetes and their at-risk adult daughters participated in either (1) a dyadic intervention that encouraged constructive collaboration to improve health behaviors and reduce stress, or (2) a usual-care minimal control condition. Actor-partner interdependence model analysis was used to estimate the effect of the intervention on dyads’ perceived stress, and mother-daughter ratings of health-related social control as potential mediators.

Results
Results revealed that participating in the intervention was associated with significantly reduced perceived stress for daughters, but not for mothers (β =  − 3.00, p = 0.02; β =  − 0.57, p = 0.67, respectively). Analyses also indicated that the association between the intervention and perceived stress was mediated by persuasion, such that mothers’ who experienced more health-related persuasion exhibited significantly less post-intervention perceived stress (indirect effect =  − 1.52, 95% CI = [− 3.12, − 0.39]). Pressure exerted by others, however, did not evidence a mediating mechanism for either mothers or daughters.

Conclusion
These findings buttress existing research suggesting that persuasion, or others’ attempts to increase participants’ healthy behaviors in an uncritical way, may be a driving force in reducing perceived stress levels.
Molnupiravir for the treatment of COVID-19 in immunocompromised participants: efficacy, safety, and virology results from the phase 3 randomized, placebo-controlled MOVe-OUT trial
Authors: Johnson Matthew G. , Strizki Julie M. , Brown Michelle L. , Wan Hong , Shamsuddin Hala H. , Ramgopal Moti , Florescu Diana F. , Delobel Pierre , Khaertynova Ilsiyar , Flores José F. , Fouche Leon F. , Chang Shan-Chwen , Williams-Diaz Angela , Du Jiejun , Grobler Jay A. , Paschke Amanda , De Anda Carisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Immunocompromised patients have a potentially increased risk for progression to severe COVID-19 and prolonged replication of SARS-CoV-2. This post hoc analysis examined outcomes among immunocompromised participants in the MOVe-OUT trial.

Methods
In phase 3 of MOVe-OUT, non-hospitalized at-risk adults with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 were randomized to receive molnupiravir 800 mg or placebo twice daily for 5 days. Immunocompromised participants were identified based on prior/concomitant medications and/or medical history. All-cause hospitalization/death, adverse events, SARS-CoV-2 titers, infectivity, and RNA sequences were compared between immunocompromised participants who received molnupiravir or placebo and with non-immunocompromised participants.

Results
Fifty-five of 1408 participants were considered immunocompromised. Compared to placebo, fewer molnupiravir-treated immunocompromised participants were hospitalized/died through Day 29 (22.6% [7/31] vs. 8.3% [2/24]), with fewer adverse events (45.2% [14/31] vs. 25.0% [6/24]). A larger mean change from baseline in SARS-CoV-2 RNA was observed with molnupiravir compared to placebo in non-immunocompromised participants (least squares mean [LSM] difference Day 5:  – 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]  – 0.47 to  – 0.15), while the mean change was comparable between treatment groups in immunocompromised participants (LSM difference Day 5: 0.23, 95% CI  – 0.71 to 1.17). Molnupiravir treatment was associated with increased clearance of infectious virus. Increased errors in viral nucleotide sequences in post-baseline samples compared to placebo support molnupiravir’s mechanism of action and were not associated with observation of novel treatment-emergent amino acid substitutions in immunocompromised participants.

Conclusion
Although the study population was small, these data suggest that molnupiravir treatment for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in non-hospitalized immunocompromised adults is efficacious and safe and quickly reduces infectious SARS-CoV-2.

ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Number
NCT04575597.
Barriers and enablers associated with participation in a home-based pragmatic exercise snacking program in older adults delivered and monitored by Amazon Alexa: a qualitative study
Authors: Jansons Paul , Fyfe Jackson J. , Dalla Via Jack , Daly Robin M. , Scott David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
‘Exercise snacking’, which is characterised by shorter and more frequent exercise bouts compared with traditional exercise guidelines, may be an acceptable strategy for increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviour in older adults.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the enablers and barriers for older adults associated with participation in a home-based exercise snacking program delivered and monitored using an Amazon Echo Show 5 device (Alexa).

Methods
This study used an interpretive description qualitative design to conduct semi-structured interviews following a 12-week pilot study in 15 adults aged 60–89 years with at least one chronic condition. All participants were prescribed a home based, individualised, lower limb focussed ‘exercise snacking’ program (involving ≤ 10 min of bodyweight exercises 2–4 times per day) delivered and monitored by an Alexa. Qualitative interview data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
All 15 participants (mean age 70.3 years) attended the semi-structured interview. Themes including time efficiency, flexibility, perceived health benefits, and motivation were enablers for participation in the ‘exercise snacking’ program. A lack of upper body exercises and omission of exercise equipment in the program, as well as a lack of time and motivation for performing exercise snacks three or more times per day, were barriers to participation.

Conclusion
While ‘exercise snacking’ is acceptable for older adults, future trials should provide equipment (e.g. adjustable dumbbells, exercise bands), prescribe whole-body exercise programs, and establish strategies to support participation in more than three exercise snacks per day.
Cooperative coevolutionary differential evolution with linkage measurement minimization for large-scale optimization problems in noisy environments
Authors: Zhong Rui , Zhang Enzhi , Munetomo Masaharu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany optimization problems suffer from noise, and the noise combined with the large-scale attributes makes the problem complexity explode. Cooperative coevolution (CC) based on divide and conquer decomposes the problems and solves the sub-problems alternately, which is a popular framework for solving large-scale optimization problems (LSOPs). Many studies show that the CC framework is sensitive to decomposition, and the high-accuracy decomposition methods such as differential grouping (DG), DG2, and recursive DG (RDG) are extremely sensitive to sampling accuracy, which will fail to detect the interactions in noisy environments. Therefore, solving LSOPs in noisy environments based on the CC framework faces unprecedented challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel decomposition method named linkage measurement minimization (LMM). We regard the decomposition problem as a combinatorial optimization problem and design the linkage measurement function (LMF) based on Linkage Identification by non-linearity check for real-coded GA (LINC-R). A detailed theoretical analysis explains why our proposal can determine the interactions in noisy environments. In the optimization, we introduce an advanced optimizer named modified differential evolution with distance-based selection (MDE-DS), and the various mutation strategy and distance-based selection endow MDE-DS with strong anti-noise ability. Numerical experiments show that our proposal is competitive with the state-of-the-art decomposition methods in noisy environments, and the introduction of MDE-DS can accelerate the optimization in noisy environments significantly.
A hybrid recommender system using topic modeling and prefixspan algorithm in social media
Authors: Noorian Avval Ali Akbar , Harounabadi Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRoute schema is difficult to plan for tourists, because they demand to pick points of interest (POI) in unknown areas that align with their preferences and limitations. This research proposes a novel personalized method for POI route recommendation that employs contextual data. The proposed approach enhances the existing methods by considering user preferences and multifaceted tourism contexts. Due to the sparsity of the data, the proposed method employs two-level clustering (DBSCAN based on the Manhattan distance) that reduces the time to discover POI. In specific, this approach utilizes the following: first, a topic pattern model is employed to discover the users’ attraction diffusion while improving the user–user similarity model using a novel asymmetric schema. Second, it has used explicit demographic information to alleviate the cold start issue, and third, it proposes a new strategy for assessing user preferences and also combined the context parameters in the form of a vector model with the Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency technique to find contexts’ similarity. Furthermore, our framework discovers a list of optimal candidate trips by involving personalized POIs in sequential patterns’ mining (SPM); also, it used an adjusted forgotten function to involve the date context of each trip. Based on two datasets (Flickr and Gowalla), our methodology beats other prior approaches in F-score, RMSE, MAP, and NDCG factors in the experimental evaluation.
A methodology framework for bipartite network modeling
Authors: Liew Chin Ying , Labadin Jane , Kok Woon Chee , Eze Monday Okpoto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe graph-theoretic based studies employing bipartite network approach mostly focus on surveying the statistical properties of the structure and behavior of the network systems under the domain of complex network analysis. They aim to provide the big-picture-view insights of a networked system by looking into the dynamic interaction and relationship among the vertices. Nonetheless, incorporating the features of individual vertex and capturing the dynamic interaction of the heterogeneous local rules governing each of them in the studies is lacking. The methodology in achieving this could hardly be found. Consequently, this study intends to propose a methodology framework that considers the influence of heterogeneous features of each node to the overall network behavior in modeling real-world bipartite network system. The proposed framework consists of three main stages with principal processes detailed in each stage, and three libraries of techniques to guide the modeling activities. It is iterative and process-oriented in nature and allows future network expansion. Two case studies from the domain of communicable disease in epidemiology and habitat suitability in ecology employing this framework are also presented. The results obtained suggest that the methodology could serve as a generic framework in advancing the current state of the art of bipartite network approach.Graphical Abstract
Drivers’ EEG Responses to Different Distraction Tasks
Authors: Li Guofa , Wu Xiaojian , Eichberger Arno , Green Paul , Olaverri-Monreal Cristina , Yan Weiquan , Qin Yechen , Li Yuezhi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDriver distraction has been deemed a major cause of traffic accidents. However, drivers’ brain response activities to different distraction types have not been well investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the response of electroencephalography (EEG) activities to different distraction tasks. In the conducted simulation tests, three secondary tasks (i.e., a clock task, a 2-back task, and a navigation task) are designed to induce different types of driver distractions. Twenty-four participants are recruited for the designed tests, and differences in drivers’ brain response activities concerning distraction types are investigated. The results show that the differences in comprehensive distraction are more significant than that in single cognitive distraction. Friedman test and post hoc two-tailed Nemenyi test are conducted to further identify the differences in band activities among brain regions. The results show that the theta energy in the frontal lobe is significantly higher than that in other brain regions in distracted driving, whereas the alpha energy in the temporal lobe significantly decreases compared to other brain regions. These results provide theoretical references for the development of distraction detection systems based on EEG signals.
Developing a quality measure to assess use of antibiotic medications for respiratory conditions
Authors: Melville Brandi L. , Musser Taylor , Fishman Ezra , Rainis Danielle , Byron Sepheen C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Antibiotics are essential medications for treating life-threatening infections. However, incorrect prescribing can lead to adverse events and contribute to antibiotic resistance. We sought to develop a utilization quality measure that could be used by health insurance plans to track overall prescribing for respiratory conditions.

Design:
A consensus-based process that included evidence review, testing, and stakeholder input was used to develop a measure and assess its usefulness for the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS), a national quality measurement tool.

Methods:
Guidelines and literature were reviewed to establish the rationale for the measure. The measure was tested in claims data for commercial, Medicaid and Medicare Advantage enrollees to assess feasibility of collecting and reporting needed information. The measure was vetted with multistakeholder advisory panels and posted for public comment to solicit wide input on relevance and usability.

Results:
Respiratory conditions are frequent reasons for outpatient care in the data assessed. On average, across all lines of business, the measure revealed that approximately one-third of outpatient visits for respiratory conditions are followed by antibiotics. Stakeholders supported the measure as a tool for monitoring antibiotic prescribing across health plans alongside existing measures that assess inappropriate prescribing for specific conditions. The final measure assesses the number of antibiotic prescriptions dispensed across all outpatient respiratory-related encounters at a health-plan level.

Conclusions:
The measure on antibiotic prescribing for respiratory conditions was relevant, feasible, and useful. Stakeholders strongly supported the newly developed measure and recommended its integration into HEDIS.
A Preliminary Examination of Treatment Barriers, Preferences, and Histories of Women with Symptoms of Social Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Black Julie. A. , Paparo Josephine , Wootton Bethany M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common mental health condition that is characterised by a persistent fear of social or performance situations. Despite effective treatments being available, many individuals with SAD do not seek treatment or delay treatment seeking for many years. The aim of the present study was to examine treatment barriers, treatment histories, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) delivery preferences in a sample of women with clinically relevant SAD symptoms. Ninety-nine women (Mage = 34.90, SD = 11.28) completed the online questionnaires and were included in the study. Participants were recruited from advertisements on community noticeboards and posts on social media. The results demonstrated that less than 5% of those who received psychological treatment in the past were likely to have received best-practice CBT. The most commonly cited barriers to accessing treatment for women with SAD related to direct costs (63%) and indirect costs (e.g., transport/childcare) (28%). The most preferred treatment delivery method overall was individual face-to-face treatment (70%). The study demonstrates a need to provide a variety of treatment options in order to enhance access to empirically supported treatment for women with SAD.
Securitising infectious disease outbreaks: The WHO and the visualisation of molecular life
Authors: Long Christopher 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFollowing its exceptional response to the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, the World Health Organization (WHO) gained new powers to securitise infectious disease outbreaks via the revised 2005 International Health Regulations (IHRs) and the ability to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This article investigates the declaration of a PHEIC in relation to the 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic, the 2014–16 Ebola outbreak, and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It argues that the securitisation of these outbreaks was dependent upon global surveillance networks that utilised genetic technologies to visualise the molecular characteristics and spread of the pathogen in question. Genetic evidence in these cases facilitated the creation of a securitised object by revealing the unique and ‘untypable’ nature of the H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 viruses and made visible the widespread prevalence of Ebola across the population of West Africa. The power of this evidence draws from a societal perception of science as producing objective ‘facts’ about the world that objectivise their objects of concern and empower political actors in the implementation of their security agendas. As a result, scientific evidence provided by genetic technologies now plays a necessary and indispensable role in the securitisation of infectious disease outbreaks.
LINKING RADIOCARBON AND TROPHIC WEBS IN KARSTIC GROUNDWATER ECOSYSTEMS IN THE YUCATAN PENINSULA, MÉXICO
Authors: Solís C , Chávez-Solís E M , Rodríguez-Ceja M , Méndez-García C G , Ortíz E , Canto C , Martínez-Carrillo M A , Mascaró M 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTStable isotopes have been used historically to track food webs. Our approach used a combination of δ13C and radiocarbon (14C) dating to identify carbon sources in cave shrimp within caves of the Karstic Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Three sister species of stygobitic Typhlatya shrimps were collected from the cenote pool (cenote hereafter), cavern and cave hydro regions. New and previously reported 14C and δ13C values of whole tissues from the organisms were determined at the AMS laboratory (LEMA) of the Institute of Physics of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. This new set of isotopic values of biomass and potential sources were incorporated into the Bayesian Mixing Modeling Software SIAR. In two hypothetical scenarios, the contribution from each feeding source among three species of the Typhlatya genus was determined. Slight differences were also observed between isotopic values of two groups of the same species collected in two distant cenote pools, suggesting this species may feed on a wider array of sources than previously found, and that the oligotrophic environment may have a strong influence on cave shrimp diet.