bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydroclimatic conditions and sediment provenance in the northeastern Arabian Sea since the late Miocene: insights from geochemical and environmental magnetic records at IODP Site U1457 of the Laxmi Basin
Authors: Alam Mahboob , Muguli Tripti , Gurumurthy G.P. , Arif Mohammad , Sohrin Yoshiki , Singh Arun Deo , Radhakrishna T. , Pandey Dhananjai Kumar , Verma Komal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPalaeo-monsoon and palaeoclimate conditions over Southeast Asia are a matter of debate despite notable studies on the continental and oceanic sedimentary record. The present study investigates the environmental magnetic and geochemical records preserved in the deep marine sediments of the northeastern (NE) Arabian Sea to elucidate the erosion history of the western Himalayas and its link with the prevailing hydroclimatic conditions since the late Miocene. For this, the sediment core retrieved during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 355 at Site U1457 in the NE Arabian Sea has been explored. The results reveal that the hydroclimatic conditions were predominantly arid during the late Miocene, except for humid intervals from 6.1 Ma to 5.6 Ma. Humid climate conditions in the Indus River Basin returned during the mid-Pliocene and continued to the Pleistocene with an intense chemical weathering regime from 1.9 Ma to 1.2 Ma. The dominant sediment source to the NE Arabian Sea at Site U1457 during the late Miocene and the Pliocene was the Indus River, while during the Pleistocene, mixed sediments brought by the Indus River and the Peninsular Indian rivers were observed. The sediment contribution from a chemically less altered mafic source (the Deccan basalts) increased between 1.2 Ma and 0.2 Ma, possibly linked to a weak Indian Summer Monsoon. The summer monsoon wind strength and associated shift in the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) influenced the dominant sediment provenance at Site U1457 of the Laxmi Basin.
A problematic taxonomy ofBathophilus(Stomiidae) collected from the Arabian Sea
Authors: Rajakrishnan Rajeev , Rajeeshkumar Meleppura , Saravanane Narayanane 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe number of rays in pectoral and pelvic fins are the major diagnostic character for species discrimination in the genusBathophilus. However, all of the five species ofBathophiluswe studied showed considerable differences from the existing counts in the number of rays in pectoral and pelvic fins, which has made species identification and interrelations doubtful. We believe taxonomy focusing on the number of rays in the pelvic and pectoral fin alone does not fully discriminate species. At present, the importance of other characters has to be validated for correct species identification. We also report the first record ofBathophilus proximusfrom the Indian Ocean and additional new records ofBathophilus cwyanorum,Bathophilus altipinnisandBathophilus digitatusfrom the Arabian Sea.
Protected areas, Indigenous rights and land restitution: the Ogiek judgment of the African Court of Human and Peoples’ Rights and community land protection in Kenya
Authors: Claridge Lucy , Kobei Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn May 2017, the relationship between conservation and human and Indigenous peoples' rights was considered for the first time by the African Court of Human and Peoples' Rights. In a case brought by the Indigenous Ogiek of Kenya, the Court stated that the preservation of the Mau Forest could not justify the lack of recognition of the Indigenous status of the Ogiek, nor the denial of the rights associated with that status. It also confirmed that the Ogiek could not be held responsible for the depletion of the Mau Forest, and that preservation of the ecosystem could not justify their eviction from or the denial of access to their land. Although Kenyan institutions have still failed to remedy Ogiek rights, the Ogiek have identified a pathway for the Kenyan Government to follow to restitute Ogiek land, following principles of conservation and symbolizing the central role that Indigenous forest dwellers can and should play in forest management. They sought a further ruling from the Court to clarify the steps the Government should take. In June 2022, the Court issued a judgment ordering the Government to grant the Ogiek collective title of their lands through a process of delimitation and demarcation. In the meantime, the Ogiek have established community forest scouts in East Mau to replant native trees and protect the forest from illegal logging. In addition, they have developed an Ogiek community Bio-Cultural Protocol. Here we examine the feasibility of restituting Ogiek land both legally and practically. We conclude with some general comments related to global conservation policy and practice on the restitution of lands and support for Indigenous conservation practices, where protected areas have caused displacement and rights abuses of Indigenous peoples.
Current status of cystic echinococcosis control in the Falkland Islands: has elimination been achieved?
Authors: West D. , Pointing S. , Randhawa H. S. , Mastin A. , Rogan M. T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAttempts to control cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by Echinococcus granulosus in the Falkland Islands have been ongoing for over 50 years. No human cases have been recorded since the 1980s but there is a need to establish if the parasite has been completely eliminated from domestic animals. A study was carried out in 2018/2019 to identify dogs infected with E. granulosus using copro-antigen and copro-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. In addition, annual slaughter data were analysed to establish infection levels of E. granulosus and 2 other taeniid parasites. Results showed that 4 out of 589 dogs (0.7%) tested positive by copro-antigen analysis. Results from similar surveys carried out in 2010, 2012 and 2014 showed 17 (3%), 0 and 6 (1%) copro-antigen-positive dogs, respectively, with 8 dogs being confirmed by PCR in 2010. Annual abattoir data showed that from 2006 to 2020, 36 sheep were identified with E. granulosus (mean 0.0055%), 14 186 sheep with Taenia hydatigena (mean 2.2%) and 465 with Taenia ovis (mean 0.072%). Prevalences of T. hydatigena and T. ovis showed spontaneous rises in certain years where the infections could also be detected in lambs indicating that viable taeniid eggs were present. Observations of farm management procedures indicated that there were occasions when dogs could get access to infective taeniid material. In conclusion, E. granulosus is still present in sheep and dogs but at low prevalences. The increasing presence of T. hydatigena however, indicates that control measures are defective in some areas and there is potential for a re-emergence of CE.
A metaphysics of spiritual experience
Authors: Ellis Fiona 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA discussion of the metaphysics of spiritual experience requires that we are clear about the nature of metaphysics, and I take as my starting point the ‘transcendent metaphysics’ described and supposedly eliminated by A. J. Ayer. Most analytic philosophers agree with Ayer (and Kant) that transcendent metaphysics in the relevant sense is deeply problematic, and they associate it with platonism, theism, and religious thinking more generally. Assuming then that spiritual experience takes us into religious territory, and this territory is forbidden, a metaphysics of spiritual experience is going to involve transcendent metaphysics, and it will be similarly problematic. Ayer's conception of transcendent reality is itself deeply problematic, and I shall argue that his metaphysical framework helps to motivate atheistic spirituality by ruling out the possibility of an empirically grounded and hence defensible religious alternative. I shall challenge this framework, set out an alternative with the help of Arthur Schopenhauer, and spell out the implications for a metaphysics of spiritual experience.
The Comedy of Crowds: Aristophanes and the Voice of the People—or the Poet
Authors: Saxonhouse Arlene W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAristophanes in his comedy theAcharnianseducates the crowd that he creates as a character on stage, as well as the crowd gathered to watch his comedy, about what is truly in their interest: the peace that allows them to be happy by satisfying their longings for good food and frequent sex. I suggest, invoking the medieval language ofvox populi vox dei, that Aristophanes (like the politicians and demagogues of today) competes to become the one who gives the people their voice. His comedy imagines that both the crowd in the play and the audience in the theater learn through the action of the comedy the value of peace for private happiness. The crowd so educated will give voice to Aristophanes's wisdom when they vote in their democratic assemblies about what seems best to the people.
Design of motor cable artificial muscle (MC-AM) with tendon sheath–pulley system (TSPS) for musculoskeletal robot
Authors: Yuan Jianbo , Fan Yerui , Wu Yaxiong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn an unstructured environment, the arm can perform complicated tasks with rapidity, flexibility, and robustness. It is difficult to configure multiple artificial muscles similar to an arm in the compact space of a robotic arm. When muscle tension is transferred, mechanisms like tendon-sheath/tendon-pulley may be installed in a compact space to develop musculoskeletal robots that are closer to the arm. However, handling variable frictional nonlinearity and elastic cable deformation is necessary for transmission stability. In this study, the modular artificial muscle system (MAMS), including motor cable artificial muscle and tendon sheath–pulley system (TSPS), that can be installed remotely and transmit muscle tension in narrow paths, is designed. The feed-forward multi-layer neural network (FF-MNN) approach is utilized to discuss the relationship between the measurable input tension of TSPS and the unmeasurable output tension and cable elongation. Subsequently, the lightweight musculoskeletal arm (LM-Arm) is built to verify the validity of MAMS. Through trials, the experiments of MAMS after friction compensating and the LM-Arm’s end-point 3D trajectory tracking are investigated. The results show that average errors of the active and passive muscles tension are 3.87 N and 3.51 N, respectively, under conditions of larger load and higher contraction velocity. The average muscle length error of trajectory tracking is 0.00078 m (0.72%). The suggested MAMS may successfully build a musculoskeletal robot that has similar flexibility and morphology to the arm. It can also be utilized to power various pieces of machinery, such as rescue robot, invasive surgical robots, dexterous hands, and wearable exoskeletons.
Feasibility, reliability, and validity of ambulatory cognitive tests in fibromyalgia and matched controls
Authors: Valentine Thomas R. , Kratz Anna L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjective:This observational study examined the feasibility, reliability, and validity of repeated ambulatory cognitive tests in fibromyalgia (FM).Method:Adults with FM (n = 50) and matched controls (n = 50) completed lab-based neuropsychological tests (NIH Toolbox) followed by eight days of smartphone-based ambulatory testing of processing speed (symbol search) and working memory (dot memory) five times daily. Feasibility was assessed based on response rates. Reliability was evaluated using overall average between-person reliabilities for the full assessment period and by determining the number of assessment days necessary to attain reliabilities of >.80 and >.90. To assess convergent validity, correlations were calculated between ambulatory test scores and NIH Toolbox scores. Test performance was contrasted between the FM and non-FM groups to examine known-groups validity.Results:Average rates of response to the ambulatory cognitive tests were 89.5% in FM and 90.0% in non-FM. Overall average between-person reliabilities were ≥.96. In FM, between-person reliability exceeded .90 after two days for symbol search and three days for dot memory. Symbol search scores correlated with NIH Toolbox processing speed scores in both groups, though there were no significant group differences in symbol search performance. Dot memory scores correlated with NIH Toolbox working memory scores in both groups. FM participants exhibited worse dot memory performance than did non-FM participants.Conclusions:Repeated ambulatory tests of processing speed and working memory demonstrate feasibility and reliability in FM, though evidence for construct validity is mixed. The findings demonstrate promise for future research and clinical applications of this approach to assessing cognition in FM.
Historical trends in reporting effect sizes in clinical neuropsychology journals: A call to venture beyond the results section
Authors: Woods Steven Paul , Mustafa Andrea , Beltran-Najera Ilex , Matchanova Anastasia , Thompson Jennifer L. , Ridgely Natalie C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjective:For decades, quantitative psychologists have recommended that authors report effect sizes to convey the magnitude and potential clinical relevance of statistical associations. However, fewer than one-third of neuropsychology articles published in the early 2000s reported effect sizes. This study re-examines the frequency and extent of effect size reporting in neuropsychology journal articles by manuscript section and over time.Methods:A sample of 326 empirical articles were drawn from 36 randomly selected issues of six neuropsychology journals at 5-year intervals between 1995 and 2020. Four raters used a novel, reliable coding system to quantify the extent to which effect sizes were included in the major sections of all 326 articles.Results:Findings showed medium-to-large increases in effect size reporting in the Methods and Results sections of neuropsychology journal articles that plateaued in recent years; however, there were only very small and nonsignificant changes in effect size reporting in the Abstract, Introduction, and Discussion sections.Conclusions:Authors in neuropsychology journals have markedly improved their effect size reporting in the core Methods and Results sections, but are still unlikely to consider these valuable metrics when motivating their study hypotheses and interpreting the conceptual and clinical implications of their findings. Recommendations are provided to encourage more widespread integration of effect sizes in neuropsychological research.
A detailed insight of 2 × 2 high isolation wideband dual notched band MIMO antenna with evolution initiated by theory of characteristics mode
Authors: Sharma Manish , Addepalli Tathababu , Manda Rajasekhar , Vidyavathi T. , Kapula Prabhakara Rao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis research investigates the MIMO antenna by using the Theory of Characteristics Mode (TCM) where 10 modes are subjected in designing. Also, 5 modes are the significant mode and 2 modes correspond to non-significant which defines the operating bandwidth and notched bands. The proposed 2 × 2 MIMO antenna configuration is designed for wideband applications with a size of 0.44 × 0.68 mm2. The two isolated 12-sided polygons radiating patches placed adjacent to each other share a common ground which is printed on an FR4 substrate. The measured impedance bandwidth covers bandwidth 3.11–11.98 GHz with two bands rejecting capability: Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Downlink-Uplink Satellite (DUS) system. These two interfering bands are mitigated by etching a C-type slot on the radiating patch and an inverted U-type slot in the microstrip feed. The simulated and measured results are also compared in the far-field region (Normalized Radiation Efficiency (NRE), Peak Gain (PG), and 2-D/3-D radiation pattern). Proposed MIMO antenna also offers good diversity performance with ECC2×2 < 0.00001, DG2×2 > 9.999 dB, TARC2×2 < −15.0 dB, CCL2×2 < 0.001 b/s/Hz and MEG2×2 ≅ −3.0 dB.
The regulation of crimes against water in armed conflicts and other situations of violence
Authors: Tignino Mara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWater is the lifeblood of human beings and society, but threats to water, such as the pollution of rivers, cyber crimes, and attacks against water infrastructure, are increasing. In green criminology, scholars have relied on domestic criminal law to develop the concept of crimes against water. This paper argues that international law could provide several frameworks for addressing these crimes. A number of international treaties and customary rules deal directly or indirectly with crimes against water, and the United Nations Security Council has also dealt with crimes against water committed by terrorist groups and parties to armed conflict. Crimes against water may represent violations not only of domestic criminal laws but also of international humanitarian law and human rights law.
Tectonic Rotation Pattern at the Northern End of the Red River Fault System in SE Tibet: New Paleomagnetic Evidence From Cretaceous Red Beds
Authors: Wang Heng , Yang Zhen‐Yu , Liu‐Zeng Jing , Tong Ya‐Bo , Jing Xian‐Qing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn order to study the rotations of crustal material along the boundary faults in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, and to better understand the tectonic evolution of this region, in this study we conducted a paleomagnetic study of Cretaceous red beds in the Binchuan and Xiangyun sections near the Chenghai‐Binchuan fault, a branch fault at the northern end of the Red River fault in China. Analyses of rock magnetic properties and magnetization components, combined with scanning electron microscopy, show that two types of hematite are present in the Lower Cretaceous rocks: pigmentary hematite and specularite. High‐temperature components (HTCs) were isolated by stepwise thermal demagnetization between 300 and 660°C carried by pigmentary hematite and all of the HTCs are of normal polarity. An additional magnetization component carried by specular hematite cannot be isolated efficiently. Progressive unfolding of both the Binchuan and Xiangyun sections shows that the best grouping of the precision parameter was obtained at 75%–80% untilting, indicating that the remanence of syn‐folding origin is carried by pigmentary hematite. These syn‐folding remanent magnetizations indicate the Binchuan and Xiangyun sections accumulated 20.5 ± 5.3° of clockwise rotation and 9.9 ± 4.6° of counterclockwise rotation, respectively, with respect to East Asia since the early Cretaceous, despite the two sections being only ∼45 km apart. The counterclockwise rotation of the Xiangyun section was likely caused by the left‐lateral shear motion of the Red River Fault; and since the Miocene, the Binchuan section experienced integral clockwise rotations, together with most parts of the Chuan‐Dian Block.
Characterizing Hydrogen Storage Potential in U.S. Underground Gas Storage Facilities
Authors: Lackey Greg , Freeman Gerad M. , Buscheck Thomas A. , Haeri Foad , White Joshua A. , Huerta Nicolas , Goodman Angela 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnderground hydrogen storage is a long‐duration energy storage option for a low‐carbon economy. Although research into the technical feasibility of underground hydrogen storage is ongoing, existing underground gas storage (UGS) facilities are appealing candidates for the technology because of their ability to store and deliver natural gas. We estimate that UGS facilities in the United States (U.S.) can store 327 TWh (9.8 MMT) of pure hydrogen. A complete transition to hydrogen storage would reduce the collective working‐gas energy of UGS facilities by ∼75%; however, most (73.2%) UGS facilities could maintain current energy demand using a 20% hydrogen‐natural gas blend. U.S. UGS facilities can buffer 23.9%–44.6% of the high and low hydrogen demand projected for 2050, respectively, which exceeds the current percentage of natural gas demand buffered by storage. Thus, transitioning UGS infrastructure to hydrogen could substantially reduce the number of new hydrogen storage facilities needed to support a hydrogen economy.
TRAF4-mediated ubiquitination-dependent activation of JNK/Bcl-xL drives radioresistance
Authors: Dong Xin , Li Xiaoying , Gan Yu , Ding Jie , Wei Baojun , Zhou Li , Cui Wei , Li Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe E3 ligase TNF receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) is upregulated and closely associated with tumorigenesis and the progression of multiple human malignancies. However, its effect on radiosensitivity in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been elucidated. The present study found that TRAF4 was significantly increased in CRC clinical tumor samples. Depletion of TRAF4 impaired the malignant phenotype of CRC cells and sensitized irradiation-induced cell death. Irradiation activated the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs)/c-Jun signaling via increasing JNKs K63-linked ubiquitination and phosphorylation. Furthermore, c-Jun activation triggered the transcription of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL, thus contributing to the radioresistance of CRC cells. TRAF4 was positively correlated with c-Jun and Bcl-xL, and blocking TRAF4 or inhibiting Bcl-xL with inhibitor markedly promoted ionizing radiation (IR)-induced intrinsic apoptosis and sensitized CRC cells to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Our findings illustrate a potential mechanism of radioresistance, emphasizing the clinical value of targeting the TRAF4/Bcl-xL axis in CRC therapy.
Forecasting individual progression trajectories in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Maheux Etienne , Koval Igor , Ortholand Juliette , Birkenbihl Colin , Archetti Damiano , Bouteloup Vincent , Epelbaum Stéphane , Dufouil Carole , Hofmann-Apitius Martin , Durrleman Stanley 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe anticipation of progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is crucial for evaluations of secondary prevention measures thought to modify the disease trajectory. However, it is difficult to forecast the natural progression of AD, notably because several functions decline at different ages and different rates in different patients. We evaluate here AD Course Map, a statistical model predicting the progression of neuropsychological assessments and imaging biomarkers for a patient from current medical and radiological data at early disease stages. We tested the method on more than 96,000 cases, with a pool of more than 4,600 patients from four continents. We measured the accuracy of the method for selecting participants displaying a progression of clinical endpoints during a hypothetical trial. We show that enriching the population with the predicted progressors decreases the required sample size by 38% to 50%, depending on trial duration, outcome, and targeted disease stage, from asymptomatic individuals at risk of AD to subjects with early and mild AD. We show that the method introduces no biases regarding sex or geographic locations and is robust to missing data. It performs best at the earliest stages of disease and is therefore highly suitable for use in prevention trials.
Ferroelectric nematic liquids with conics
Authors: Kumari Priyanka , Basnet Bijaya , Wang Hao , Lavrentovich Oleg D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpontaneous electric polarization of solid ferroelectrics follows aligning directions of crystallographic axes. Domains of differently oriented polarization are separated by domain walls (DWs), which are predominantly flat and run along directions dictated by the bulk translational order and the sample surfaces. Here we explore DWs in a ferroelectric nematic (NF) liquid crystal, which is a fluid with polar long-range orientational order but no crystallographic axes nor facets. We demonstrate that DWs in the absence of bulk and surface aligning axes are shaped as conic sections. The conics bisect the angle between two neighboring polarization fields to avoid electric charges. The remarkable bisecting properties of conic sections, known for millennia, play a central role as intrinsic features of liquid ferroelectrics. The findings could be helpful in designing patterns of electric polarization and space charge.