bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Composition Determination and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil from Croton blanchetianus (Euphorbiaceae) against Clinically Relevant Bacteria
Authors: Nunes Aluska Kelly A. , Araújo Malveira Ellen , Lopes Andrade Alexandre , Barbosa da Silva Wildson Max , de Morais Selene Maia , Silva dos Santos Hélcio , Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Cynthia , Holanda Teixeira Edson , do Nascimento Souza Diego Nathan , Alves de Vasconcelos Mayron 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) extracted from Croton blanchetianus Baill leaves was identified, and antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli strains were determined. Moreover, the effects of EO in combination with ampicillin and tetracycline were investigated. Thirty‐four components, mainly mono‐and sesquiterpenes that represented 94.05 % of the chemical composition, were identified in the EO. The EO showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities against all strains tested. Furthermore, the EO showed a synergistic effect with ampicillin and tetracycline. EO significantly inhibited biofilm formation and reduced the number of viable cells in biofilms. The EO may be a promising natural product for preventing bacterial biofilm infections.
Valorization of Lotus Leaf by In Situ Expanded‐Bed Adsorption and Ultrasonic‐Assisted Desorption
Authors: Li Qin , Peng Lijin , Shi Jing , Chu Jianbo , Zhang Xinyue , Shi Qiyuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn efficient and sustainable expanded‐bed adsorption (EBA) method was developed for the valorization of lotus leaf which is an agricultural by‐product. The in‐situ procedure was used to reduce the energy consumption of EBA. Comparing this in‐situ process to the conventional one, some additional advantages were observed, namely, significant enhancement of nuciferine recovery, considerable reduction of processing time, etc. Furthermore, a multistage procedure was investigated to reduce running cost and minimize environmental pollution by reusing solvents and adsorbents. Reusing of D101 macroporous resin, HCl and NaOH solution had almost no influence on the yield of nuciferine.
Facile Fabrication of Ni9S8/Ag2S Intertwined Structures for Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Biswas Rathindranath , Ahmed Imtiaz , Manna Priyanka , Mahata Partha , Dhayal Rajendra S. , Singh Amol , Lahtinen Jouko , Haldar Krishna Kanta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHere, we report the fabrication of the unique intertwined Ni9S8/Ag2S composite structure with hexagonal shape from their molecular precursors by one‐pot thermal decomposition. Various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were utilized to confirm the Ni9S8/Ag2S intertwined structure. Powder X‐ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis suggest that there is an enrichment of Ni9S8 phase in Ni9S8/Ag2S. The presence of Ag2S in Ni9S8/Ag2S improves the conductivity by reducing the interfacial energy and charge transfer resistance. When Ni9S8/Ag2S is employed as an electrocatalyst for electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity, it requires a low overpotential of 152 mV for HER and 277 mV for OER to obtain the geometrical current density of 10 mA cm−2, which is definitely superior to that of its components Ni9S8 and Ag2S. This work provides a simple design route to develop an efficient and durable electrocatalyst with outstanding OER and HER performance and the present catalyst (Ni9S8/Ag2S) deserves as a potential candidate in the field of energy conversion systems.
Taxonomic status of otter species in Nakai‐Nam Theun National Park, Lao PDR, based on DNA evidence
Authors: Coudrat Camille N. Z. , Chutipong Wanlop , Sukmak Manakorn , Sripiboon Supaphen , Klinsawat Worata 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOtter populations are threatened by habitat loss, pollution, conflicts with humans, and illegal wildlife trade to meet the demand for pets, for their fur, and for parts used in traditional medicines. Baseline information on the distribution, population genetic diversity, and connectivity is crucial to inform conservation management decisions; however, reliable data from otter populations in Southeast Asia remain scarce. In this study, we conducted baseline otter fecal DNA surveys based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to identify species, assess the occurrence, and map the spatial distribution of genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships of otter populations using 1700 bp Cytochrome B ‐ Control Region and mitogenome from Nakai‐Nam Theun National Park in the Annamite Mountains of Lao PDR. Of the total 56 samples identified to species, the majority (87.5%) was of the widely distributed Eurasian otter with three haplotypes (Lutra lutra; LLLA01–LLLA03), with a calculated haplotype diversity of 0.600 and a nucleotide diversity of 0.00141 based on mitogenome. The second species was the Asian small‐clawed otter with only one haplotype detected (Aonyx cinereus; ACLA01). All Eurasian otter haplotypes were newly characterized and clustered within the strongly supported South–Southeast–North Asian clade of Lutra lutra. Compared with the European clade, the high mtDNA diversity of Lutra lutra in Nakai‐Nam Theun National Park potentially reflects long‐term demographic stability and lesser degree of population bottleneck during the last glacial maxima (LGM, ~21,000 years ago). The single haplotype detected in Asian small‐clawed otters had not been detected in previous genetic studies. Our research is the first otter‐specific noninvasive genetic study in Lao PDR and provides baseline insights into the otter population diversity in a regional priority site for biodiversity conservation.
RGS14 expression in CA2 hippocampus, amygdala, and basal ganglia: Implications for human brain physiology and disease
Authors: Montanez‐Miranda Carolina , Bramlett Sara N. , Hepler John R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRGS14 is a multifunctional scaffolding protein that is highly expressed within postsynaptic spines of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal area CA2. Known roles of RGS14 in CA2 include regulating G protein, H‐Ras/ERK, and calcium signaling pathways to serve as a natural suppressor of synaptic plasticity and postsynaptic signaling. RGS14 also shows marked postsynaptic expression in major structures of the limbic system and basal ganglia, including the amygdala and both the ventral and dorsal subdivisions of the striatum. In this review, we discuss the signaling functions of RGS14 and its role in postsynaptic strength (long‐term potentiation) and spine structural plasticity in CA2 hippocampal neurons, and how RGS14 suppression of plasticity impacts linked behaviors such as spatial learning, object memory, and fear conditioning. We also review RGS14 expression in the limbic system and basal ganglia and speculate on its possible roles in regulating plasticity in these regions, with a focus on behaviors related to emotion and motivation. Finally, we explore the functional implications of RGS14 in various brain circuits and speculate on its possible roles in certain disease states such as hippocampal seizures, addiction, and anxiety disorders.
Incidence and survival of soft tissue sarcoma in England between 2013 and 2017, an analysis from the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service
Authors: Bacon Andrew , Wong Kwok , Fernando Malee S. , Rous Brian , Hill Roger J. W. , Collins Shane D. , Broggio John , Strauss Sandra J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere is a paucity of population‐based data detailing the incidence and survival of patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS), in part due to the heterogeneity of disease and changes to classification. Here, the incidence and survival of all STS subtypes registered in England between 2013 and 2017 were analysed using cancer registry data held by the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service. Age‐standardised incidence rates were calculated per 1 000 000 using the 2013 European Standard Population. Net survival was computed using Brenner's alternative method, with the Ederer II estimator. Age‐specific overall survival was assessed using Kaplan‐Meier. The influence of age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation and diagnostic routes on survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazards modelling. In total, 19 717 patients were diagnosed with STS, an average of 3943 patients per year and representing approximately 0.8% of malignancies. The most common histological diagnoses were Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GIST), leiomyosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma, accounting for 20.2%, 13.3% and 12.7% of all sarcomas, respectively. Five‐year net survival for all malignant STS was 65.0%; and was lowest for patients with vascular tumours at 39%. Patients from most deprived cohorts had 23% greater chance of dying within 5 years than patients in least deprived areas. This population‐based study has allowed us for the first time to define the incidence and survival rates of prevalent STS subtypes in England such as GIST, liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as well as rare entities and groups with inferior outcome. This data is invaluable for service provision, benchmarking and addressing inequality.
Dental pre‐doctoral student perceptions about serious mental illness: Concerns and role clarification
Authors: Zechner Michelle R. , Singhal Vaishali , Murphy Ann A. , York Jill , Karyczak Sean , Muhammad Asiyah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose/objectivesLittle is understood about dental student perspectives providing care to people with serious mental illness (SMI), a population with significant oral health disparities. This study explored student perceptions, questions and beliefs about people with SMI using the Social Ecological Model as a framework to better understand perspectives and identify potential educational needs in dental medicine curricula for providing care to this population.MethodsSurvey data was collected in spring of 2021 from predoctoral dental students (n = 126) enrolled in a required course at a mid‐Atlantic university. Ninety‐nine percent of the students completed the survey. The IRB approved qualitative study examined student responses to a six question survey using content analysis. An iterative coding process was used and included reflexivity memos, data dictionaries and consensus building among the four coding researchers to identify recurring concepts and ultimately identify themes.ResultsFour primary themes were identified: Concerns and Stereotypes; Uncertainties; Professional Role and Responsibilities; and Learning Preferences. Participants expressed fear and discomfort in working with people with SMI. They also noted multiple questions about providing clinical care, referrals and the interaction of oral health and mental health. Lastly, they offered ideas about educational strategies to improve learning on the topic.Conclusion(s)Pre‐doctoral dental students have concerns about providing care to people with SMI and limited understanding of dental professional role and responsibilities about care for this vulnerable population. Predoctoral dental curriculum should be expanded to address professional roles when working with this population to improve student competency and comfort, and ultimately improve care to people with SMI.
High detection rate of viral pathogens in nasal discharge in children aged 0 till 5 years
Authors: Fourie Elandri , Sijm Yara E. E. , Badoux Paul , Mérelle Marieke E. , Haverkort Mildred E. , Euser Sjoerd M. , van Houten Marlies A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRespiratory tract infections (RTI) in children remain a cause of disease burden worldwide. Nasopharyngeal (NP) & oropharyngeal (OP) swabs are used for respiratory pathogen detection, but hold disadvantages particularly for children, highlighting the importance and preference for a child friendly detection method. We aimed to evaluate the performance and tolerability of a rhinorrhea swab (RS) in detecting viral pathogens when compared to a combined OP(/NP) or mid‐turbinate (MT) nasal swab. This study was conducted between September 2021 and July 2022 in the Netherlands. Children aged 0−5 years, with an upper RTI and nasal discharge, were included and received a combined swab and a RS. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 PCR were used for viral pathogen detection. Tolerability was evaluated with a questionnaire and visual analog scale (VAS) scores. During 11 months 88 children were included, with a median age of 1.00 year [interquartile range 0.00−3.00]. In total 122 viral pathogens were detected in 81 children (92%). Sensitivity and specificity of the RS compared to a combined swab were respectively 97% (95% confidence interval [CI] 91%−100%) and 78% (95% CI 45%−94%). Rhinorrhea samples detected more pathogens than the (combined) nasal samples, 112 versus 108 respectively. Median VAS scores were significantly lower for the RS in both children (2 vs. 6) and their parents (0 vs. 5). A RS can therefore just as effectively/reliably detect viral pathogens as the combined swab in young children and is better tolerated by both children and their parents/caregivers.
A sampling strategy for habitat selection, mapping, and abundance estimation of deer by pellet counts
Authors: Franceschi Sara , Bongi Paolo , Del Frate Marco , Fattorini Lorenzo , Apollonio Marco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose a design‐based strategy to exploit pellet group counts performed within plots of a prefixed size using the clearance count technique with the purposes of analyzing habitat selection, mapping the pellet group presence throughout the study area, and estimating the abundance of deer populations. As is customary in design‐based inference, the strategy is free of model assumptions, and the precision and statistical consistency of the proposed estimators are determined by the probabilistic sampling scheme adopted to locate plots. The unique necessary assumptions are the absence of migratory movements during the survey period, the accurate recording of the number of pellet groups deposited within sample plots between the 2 visits, and a precise approximation of the daily defecation rate of the population. In addition to these assumptions, which can be attained by a suitable design of the survey, the statistical soundness of the strategy rests on the use of tessellation stratified sampling, a stratified sampling scheme that ensures an even distribution of plots throughout the study area. The scheme also allows for the estimation of the standard errors and the construction of confidence intervals without involving any other assumptions. We applied this strategy in summer 2019 in a protected area of a Mediterranean coastal region to estimate the density of a fallow deer (Dama dama) population. We estimated the corresponding standard error considering the uncertainty entailed by the estimation of the daily defecation rate, with the purpose of performing reliable monitoring. The proposed strategy provided precise estimates of deer abundance and is readily implementable in the field, standardized, and easily repeatable over time, thus allowing reliable monitoring and comparisons across time and space, which are fundamental attributes for management of deer populations.
Long distance spruce grouse translocations as an effective means of population recovery in New York
Authors: Ross Angelena M. , Langen Tom A. , Johnson Glenn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSpecies translocations can be an effective tool for population recovery. The spruce grouse (Falcipennis canadensis) is rare at the southeastern extent of its range. In New York, USA, it is endangered, having a geographic range that has decreased more than 70% since 1977 and a remaining population with relatively low genetic diversity. We explored the efficacy of a translocation program by releasing 144 female, 19 male, and 291 young‐of‐year wild‐caught spruce grouse from Canada and Maine, USA, into occupied lowland boreal forest patches in New York from 2013–2019. We radio‐monitored 121 translocated and 93 resident (i.e., New York‐origin) adult grouse and evaluated movements, home range sizes, productivity, and survivorship of both groups. Translocated grouse generally moved nondirectionally across the landscape after release, remaining in the same boreal forest patch or an adjacent patch. Translocated grouse home ranges were stable but were double the area of resident grouse. Clutch and brood sizes of females the season following translocation were similar to resident grouse. Minimizing stress from handling and housing was of paramount importance for successful translocation; grouse held captive in enclosures with natural vegetation for ≤5 days had double the mean annual survivorship of captive grouse held for 6–10 days. One group held captive for 15 days had annual survivorship that approached zero. Translocated grouse that were handled the shortest duration had 72% of the mean annual survivorship of resident grouse. Similarity of life‐history parameters among groups suggests that translocations of wild‐caught galliforms into shrinking populations at range margins may be an effective means of augmenting population numbers and could be a useful tool for reversing declines and promoting population recovery. Long‐term success of spruce grouse translocations with a goal of population recovery in New York may hinge on survivorship meeting target estimates defined in population viability analyses or by the adjustment of target translocation numbers to compensate.
Structural‐Based Stability Enhancement of Antisense DNA Oligonucleotides
Authors: Zeng Jie , Fang Liang , Jiang Tingting , Liu Mingchun , Li Wei , Mao Chengde , Lou Shifeng , Zuo Hua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAntisense DNA oligonucleotide (AS) technology is a promising approach to regulate gene expression and cellular processes. For example, ASs can be used to capture the overexpressed, oncogenic miRNAs in tumors to suppress tumor growth. Among many challenges faced by AS approach is the degradation of ASs by nucleases under physiological conditions. Elongating the AS lifespan can substantially enhance the functions of AS. The paper reports a simple strategy to increase the stability of ASs. The authors discover that the ASs degrade quickly if their ends are in unpaired, single‐stranded form, but much slower if their ends are in paired duplex form. It is conceivable to integrate this strategy with other strategies (such as chemical modification of ASs backbones) to maximally increase the ASs stabilities.
Impact of implementing an evidence‐based definition of enteral nutrition intolerance on nutrition delivery: A prospective, cross‐sectional cohort study
Authors: Liauchonak Siarhei , Hamilton Susan , Franks Jennifer D. , Callif Charles , Akhondi‐Asl Alireza , Ariagno Katelyn , Mehta Nilesh M. , Martinez Enid E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEnteral nutrition (EN) interruptions because of EN intolerance impede nutrient delivery. We aimed to examine whether revising the EN intolerance definition of an algorithm would decrease EN interruptions and improve nutrient delivery in critically ill children.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional cohort study including patients who were admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) for >24 h and received EN. The EN intolerance definition in our nutrition algorithm was modified to include two symptoms of EN intolerance. We compared time to 60% EN adequacy (EN delivered/EN prescribed x 100) and EN interruptions before and after this intervention.ResultsWe included 150 eligible patients, 78 and 72 patients in the preimplementation and postimplementation cohorts, respectively. There were no significant differences in demographics and clinical characteristics. The preimplementation and postimplementation cohorts achieved 60% EN adequacy 4 (2–5) days and 3 (2–5) days after ICU admission, respectively (P = 0.59). The preimplementation cohort had a median of 1 (1–2) interruption per patient and the postimplementation cohort 2 (1–3; P = 0.08). The frequency of interruptions because of EN intolerance within the first 8 days of ICU admission was 17 in the preimplementation and 10 in the postimplementation cohorts.ConclusionModifying the EN intolerance definition of a nutrition algorithm did not change the time to 60% EN adequacy or total number of EN interruptions in critically ill children. EN intolerance and interruptions continue to limit nutrient delivery. Research on the best definition for EN intolerance and its effect on nutrition outcomes is needed.
Mania after long‐term treatment with daily 10 mg prednisolone
Authors: Fujii Rintaro , Konishi Yuki , Furusawa Ryutaro , Okamoto Naomichi , Yoshimura Reiji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐dose corticosteroids may be accompanied by central nervous system side‐effects, including psychiatric disorders. These psychiatric disorders tend to appear relatively early in treatment. We report an unusual case of mania after long‐term administration of a small dose of prednisolone.Case PresentationA patient was treated for relapsed Crohn's disease with a small dose of prednisolone (10 mg/day). After 6 months, she became severely manic. There was no family history of psychiatric disorders. The mania was resistant to olanzapine and sodium valproate, but improved with the reduction of the prednisolone dose. Prednisolone was tapered off while confirming with the gastroenterologist that there was no flare‐up of Crohn's disease. She is now off prednisolone and is doing well, with no outbreaks of Crohn's disease or manic episodes.ConclusionThis case of severe mania after 6 months of low‐dose prednisolone is unusual. Physicians should be aware that even small doses of long‐term prednisolone may cause the emergence of severe mania.
Internal migration in the time of Covid: Who moves out of the inner city of Stockholm and where do they go?
Authors: Vogiazides Louisa , Kawalerowicz Juta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAfter the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the media abounded with stories of people ‘fleeing city‐centres’ and ‘finding refuge in the countryside’. A recurrent argument is that the shift towards remote work has prompted individuals to reconsider their living situation and envisage the possibility of relocating further away from their workplace. The aim of this study is to examine the patterns of out‐migration from the Stockholm inner city during the COVID‐19 pandemic, as well as the characteristics of out‐migrants. We use Swedish register data to compare the trends for the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic (2020) and the 5 years preceding it (2015–2019). Our study shows that, similar to other large cities across the world, individuals moved out of the inner city of Stockholm to a higher degree in 2020 than during the years preceding the pandemic. The majority of movers relocated to the Stockholm suburbs, which experienced a substantial increase in inflows from the Stockholm inner city. Yet a number of smaller municipalities, including traditional tourist destinations, also received more residents from the Stockholm inner city in 2020. Although it remains to be seen whether the increase in out‐migration from the Stockholm inner city observed in 2020 will be a long‐term trend, the paper discusses the policy implications of inner city out‐migration, from the perspective of both the sending and the receiving locations.