bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic impact of clinical pharmacist interventions in a general tertiary hospital in Qatar
Authors: Abushanab Dina , Atchan Mounir , Elajez Reem , Elshafei Mohamed , Abdelbari Ahmed , Al Hail Moza , Abdulrouf Palli Valapila , El-Kassem Wessam , Ademi Zanfina , Fadul Abdalla , Abdalla Elmustafa , Diab Mohammad Issam , Al-Badriyeh Daoud 
Published: June 2023

Background
With an increasingly strained health system budgets, healthcare services need to continually demonstrate evidence of economic benefits. This study sought to evaluate the economic impact of interventions initiated by clinical pharmacists in an adult general tertiary hospital.

Methods
A retrospective review of clinical pharmacist interventions was carried out throughout follow-up durations in March 2018, July/August 2018, and January 2019 in Hamad General Hospital (HGH) at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) in Qatar. The study included clinical pharmacy interventions data of patients admitted to the internal medicine, critical care, and emergency wards. Included interventions were documented by clinical pharmacists or clinical pharmacy specialists, and approved by physicians. Interventions by non-clinical pharmacists or with missing data were excluded. Adopting the perspective of HMC, we calculated the total economic benefit, which is the sum of the cost savings and the cost avoidance associated with the interventions. Cost savings was defined as the reduced cost of therapy associated with therapy changes minus the cost of intervention and cost avoidance was the cost avoided by eliminating the occurrence of adverse drug events (ADEs). Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of results against uncertainties.

Results
A total of 852 interventions, based on 340 patients, were included. The analysis projected an annual total benefit of QAR 2,267,036 (USD 621,106) based on a negative cost-savings of QAR-175,139 (USD-47,983) and a positive cost avoidance of QAR741,898 (USD203,260) over the 3-month follow-up period. The uncertainty analysis demonstrated the robustness of outcomes, including a 100% probability of positive economic benefit.

Conclusions
The clinical pharmacist intervention was associated with an increased cost of resource use, which was overtaken by the cost avoidance generated. The pharmacy intervention, therefore, is an overall economically beneficial practice in HGH, reducing ADEs with considerable consequential positive economic savings.
A trial-based cost-utility analysis of sugemalimab vs. placebo as consolidation therapy for unresectable stage III NSCLC in China
Authors: Li Wei , Wan Li 
Published: June 2023

Objective
The effectiveness of sugemalimab vs. placebo in post-chemoradiotherapy patients with locally advanced, unresectable stage III NSCLC has been demonstrated and approved by China National Medical Products Administration. The purpose of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of sugemalimab vs. placebo for consolidation treatment of stage III NSCLC from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.

Methods
A 3-state Markov model with a 3-week cycle length was performed to appraise the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of sugemalimab consolidation therapy based on the GEMSTONE-301 clinical trial over a 10-year time horizon. Only direct medical costs, including costs of drug (maintenance and subsequent treatment), routine follow-up, best supportive care, and terminal care in end of life were considered in this model. Costs and health utilities were obtained from local databases and published articles. Sensitivity and scenario analyses were adopted to evaluate the model uncertainty. Internal and external data sources were used to justify the plausibility of the extrapolated portion of the survival model chosen.

Results
In comparison with the placebo, sugemalimab consolidation therapy was not cost-effective as it yielded an ICUR value of $90,277 and $49,692 for the concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) and the sequential chemoradiotherapy (sCRT) population at the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $37,663/QALYs, respectively. When taking the sugemalimab patient assistance program (PAP) into consideration, sugemalimab consolidation therapy was cost-effective with an ICUR dramatic decreases below the WTP. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the ICUR was most sensitive to the discount rate and subsequent treatment. However, none of the sensitive parameters could affect the cost-effective conclusions without or with PAP. Scenario analyses revealed that the model was particularly affected by assumptions regarding discount in sugemalimab, time horizon, mean duration of sugemalimab maintenance treatment.

Conclusions
From the perspective of Chinese healthcare system, sugemalimab consolidation therapy was not a cost-effective strategy in cCRT and sCRT patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. Given that the sugemalimab PAP was available, sugemalimab consolidation therapy became a cost-effective option.
Depressão em gestantes e aderência às prescrições médicas e às recomendações de profissionais de saúde.
Authors: Nascimento Maria Isabel do , Lucas Maira Gonçalves de Oliveira , Giordani Thalys Gabriel Rabelo Silva 
Published: June 2023

O antecedente de depressão está associado a desfechos maternos desfavoráveis. O objetivo foi analisar a aderência às prescrições médicas e às recomendações de profissionais de saúde relatadas por gestantes com história prévia de depressão, no Brasil, 2019. Os dados foram extraídos da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde-2019, um inquérito domiciliar coordenado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estátística. Quase 90% das mulheres responderam ter recebido prescrições médicas para tratamento de depressão, mas quase 70% não usaram os medicamentos prescritos. O encaminhamento para profissional especializado foi indicado para 42% (N=24.733) das gestantes. Dentre as mulheres que receberam encaminhamento, quase 20% não conseguiram ir às consultas com o especialista. Tendo em mente as consequências não negligenciáveis da falta de aderência aos cuidados de saúde mental é crucial incluir o tema na agenda de saúde, criando alternativas para enfrentar os motivos que obrigam as mulheres a renunciar ao tratamento desse importante problema de saúde.
Reconfiguraciones suburbanas contemporáneas y turismo poscovid. ¿Nuevos desafíos?
Authors: Gómez Néstor Javier , Demarchi Mariela 
Published: June 2023

En las últimas décadas, en Latinoamérica las tendencias hacia la urbanización extendida se han acrecentado y parecen no restringirse únicamente a las grandes ciudades. En Argentina, la dinámica expansiva de la ciudad y sus pautas difusoras usualmente se han apreciado a partir de un elemento físico como es la extensión de la urbanización y la idea de ‘aglomeración’. Sin embargo, la dilatación física del espacio construido hace cada vez más complejo delimitar las ciudades y, por eso, es cada vez más frecuente encontrar caracteres específicamente urbanos en zonas rurales, cada vez más alejadas de los grandes centros urbanos. A partir de la exploración de datos poblacionales, se aborda la dinámica expansiva del Área Metropolitana de Santa Fe (AMSF) la cual se viene registrando desde hace un tiempo, pero que luego de la pandemia de COVID 19 y en el contexto de rasgos de revalorización turística del área de estudio a partir de una práctica de ‘turismo de cercanía’, es posible pensar en un aceleramiento o diversificación de dicha expansión. En el caso de las ciudades, las prácticas turísticas posteriores a la pandemia podrían constituirse como un rasgo que retroalimenta la desconcentración urbana.
Penal Liability for the Oil Leak Incident "Heavy Fuel" in the Jordanian Port of Aqaba and Its Impact on the Environment
Authors: AL-KHAWALDAH Moayd Husni Ahmad , RSHDAN Abd Alhade Mossa Hasan , AL MAKHMARI Mohammed Rashid Ahmed , Al MAMARI Said Ali Hassan , AL HAF Radwan Ahmad , ALSHARQAWI Ahmad Hussein 
Published: June 2023

Pollution by oil "heavy fuel" poses an environmental problem. Therefore, there must be legal protection through civil and penal liability to combat this. Still, in this research, we will address the penal protection relating to preserving the marine environment in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone, Jordan's only water crossing and a source of economic and tourism income for Jordan.
The study reached several conclusions and recommendations, the most important of which was: The Jordanian legislator provides in article 54/b of the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Act and article 54 ter for penalties applicable to those responsible for pollution of the marine environment, in particular concerning the issue of the oil leak, such responsible must have criminal intent according to the general rules of the Criminal Code. Regarding the recommendations, articles 54/b and 54 make it clear that a penalty must be imposed whether or not there is criminal intent. Also, there must be a gradation of penalty; therefore, I wish the Jordanian legislator to amend article 54/b of the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Act and the proposed provision as follows: "If there is pollution in the seawater or the marine environment, whether the criminal intent is available or not, the penalty must be imprisonment for a period of not less than one year and not more than three years or a fine from (2000) JD to (20,000) JD or both penalties if they are for the first time. If they are for the second time or have devastating and persistent effects on the environment, article 54 ter of the same code must be applied and determined by a specialized committee to be determined by the competent court”.
Organization of the System of Internal Marketing and Marketing of Interaction of Agricultural Enterprises for the Production of Biodiesel Based on Value Chain Analysis
Authors: LOHOSHA Roman , PRYLUTSKYI Anatolii , PRONKO Lyudmila , KOLESNYK Tetiana 
Published: June 2023

The aim of the study was to analyze and evaluate the organization of the system of internal marketing and marketing interaction of agricultural enterprises for the production of biodiesel based on value chain analysis.
The authors conducted aresearch on the formation of a marketing model and the corresponding marketing policy of the enterprise, where it is methodologically important is the formation of effective value chains as a basis for competition in the market. The theoretical approach to the formation of the value chain within the marketing model of an individual agricultural enterprise is substantiated. At the same time, value chains are seen as production networks in which businesses use competitive resources and operate in an institutional environment, and form network of horizontally and vertically connected enterprises united by a partnership model of interaction. The objectives of the study were solved using such methods as: historical, systematic, inductive and deductive, analysis and synthesis, modeling and comparative analysis.
To ensure the efficiency of energy production from biomass, the optimality of the logistics factor should be ensured. Applied models based on tools such as operations research and mathematical optimization using computer algorithms have been developed to plan and manage biomass supply chains.
It is proposed to model supply chains and / or create value by types of resource flows with the possibility of their modular connection to the overall model, which, in our opinion, can increase the reliability of the results.
To study the value chain of biodiesel in Ukraine, an appropriate model was developed to simulate the flow of raw sunflower and rapeseed, as the use of both crops was identified as the most common for biodiesel production in Ukraine. The model differs from the existing ones in that it takes into account different scenarios to determine the total cost of biodiesel production, as well as the cost of individual activities in the value chain formation.
On the Social Desirability of Centralized Wage Setting when Firms are Run by Biased Managers
Authors: Meccheri Nicola 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper compares the welfare outcomes obtained under alternative unionization regimes (decentralized vs. centralized wage setting) in a duopoly market in which shareholders delegate strategic decisions to biased (overconfident or underconfident) managers. In such a framework, the common tenet that consumer surplus and overall welfare are always higher under decentralized wage setting is completely overturned. Indeed, in the presence of centralized unionization (industry-wide union), firm shareholders always prefer to hire more aggressive or less conservative managers and, as a result, output (consumer surplus) and overall welfare are larger than in a decentralized wage setting structure.
Using Google Docs for guided Academic Writing assessments: students’ perspectives
Authors: Screti Francesco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper studies undergraduate students’ perceptions about using Google Docs® for guided writing of the final assessment in an Academic Writing course at a Higher Education level. Qualitative data have been collected through a Moodle survey and analysed employing Thematic Analysis. The aim is to see if students’ perceptions matched with their teacher’s aims, which were to reduce assessment anxiety toward a new and complex writing assignment such as a Literature Review; help working more effectively and reduce procrastination; and possibly enhance success rate. Results show that overall, students liked the technical features (autosaving, accessibility), the guidelines and examples contained in the template shared, and the role of the teacher as controller and provider of feedback and feedforward. Yet some few divergences between the teacher’s aim and students’ perceptions emerged: some students did not like working on-line, expressed preference for Microsoft Word®, found the procedure time-consuming or constraining, or even too easy. Most importantly, some students felt stressed about being watched. Therefore, if teachers want to adopt the same procedure, they should make sure they explain as clearly as possible the aims of the use of technology to maximize effectiveness and minimize students’ resistance.
Investigating syntactic complexity and language-related error patterns in EFL students’ writing: corpus-based and epistemic network analyses
Authors: Thi Nang Kham , Vo De Van , Nikolov Marianne 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Students’ writing proficiency is measured through holistic and analytical ratings in writing assessment; however, recent studies suggest that measurement of syntactic complexity in second language writing research has become an effective measure of writing proficiency. Within this paradigm, we investigated how automated measurement of syntactic complexity helped distinguish the writing proficiency of students from two Higher Education institutions. In addition, we also examined language-related errors in students’ writing to further indicate the differences in the error patterns of the two groups. Data was drawn from a corpus of 1,391 sentences, comprising 58 texts produced by first-year undergraduate students from Myanmar and Hungary. Automated tools were used to measure the syntactic complexity of students’ writing. We performed a corpus-based analysis, focusing on syntactic complexity, while language-related error patterns in writing were investigated through an epistemic network approach. Findings suggested that the Myanmar students tended to write longer essays comprising simpler sentences, whereas the Hungarian students preferred shorter texts with more complex sentences. Most complexity measures were also found to distinguish the texts produced by the two groups: length of production units, sentence complexity, and subordination indices. An examination of the language-related error patterns revealed statistically significant differences in the error patterns in student writing: errors were found to be more prevalent in Myanmar students’ essays. Implications for enhancing teaching L2 writing in educational contexts are discussed.
Dialogic co-creation in English language teaching and learning: a personal experience
Authors: Finch Henry 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This report will discuss the development and implementation of a dialogic co-creation model for English language teaching in the Language Resource Centre at the Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany. The focus of this report will be on the impact of content co-creation and its impact on learner and teacher autonomy in English language learning and teaching. This collaborative, dialogic model draws primarily on principles of dialogism and exploratory talk (ET) and exemplifies a novel, learner-centered method for curriculum development and teaching in Higher Education. This learner-centered perspective advances an in-depth understanding of the relationship between language learner and teacher, content and language integrated learning (CLIL), language for specific purposes (LSP), their respective content boundaries, the role of content expert and the inhibition threshold. Three examples of teaching English to university professors and professional staff using this model will be discussed. The author proposes that such a model could be adapted and scaled into larger student groups, too.
Communication course for future engineers – effective data presentation and its interpretation during LSP courses
Authors: Matuszak Katarzyna , Szczuka-Dorna Liliana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This activity report describes a sample unit (Effective Data Presentation) from a communication course prepared as part of an Intellectual Output within the BADGE Project, which was carried out by 12 partner universities from 10 countries during 3 academic years (2019–2022). The article first describes the results of a survey which show that language and communication classes need to integrate more LSP competences so that students become better acquainted with both general and specific language. Moreover, the report analyses and explains the existing practical difficulties for language and subject teachers alike in maintaining a distinction between “knowledge of a subject” and “knowledge of the language of a subject.” Secondly, the report presents a sample from a communication course prepared for engineers encompassing effective data presentation and its interpretation during LSP courses. Finally, the article reflects on the future challenges for LSP teachers and the reasons why academics should integrate professional knowledge and specialist language within the same course.
Lehre am Sprachenzentrum der UZH und der ETH Zürich: Positionspapier
Authors: Schaffner Sabina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This activity report
This Activity Report is a follow up of reflections and ideas based on a paper by Sabina Schaffner. 2022. Lehre am Sprachenzentrum der UZH und ETH Zurich: Positionspapier. In Anna Maria De Bartolo & Jean M. Jimenez (eds.), Approccio Umanistico e Creativo nella Didattica Universitaria: Riflessioni e Best Practice. Studi in onore di Carmen Argondizzo. Quaderni del Dipartimento di Linguistica Università della Calabria 30, 491-508. Armadillo Editore.
is based on teachers’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting reflection on teaching that the Language Center of University of Zurich (UZH) and ETH Zurich initiated. Framed in the context of Higher Education, the report takes into account both the discussion on the future of teaching at UZH, which was launched by the Vice President of Education and Student Affairs for Teaching and Learning, as well as the Language Center’s teaching strategy. In addition, course evaluations at the Language Center in the 2020 Spring and Autumn Semesters, research on digital (language) teaching, recommendations on university didactics, and results of additional international surveys on language teaching in Higher Education during the pandemic are examined. The aim of the report is to strategically define the future of language teaching at the Language Center of UZH and ETH Zurich and to identify the fields of action associated therewith. With this detailed report of the activities that we implemented at the UZH Language Center throughout the years, we would like to make a contribution to the (inter)national positioning of university language centers. At a panel organized at the Language Center’s Twentieth Anniversary Conference on 10 June 2022, stakeholders shared their thoughts on the services the Center currently provides and ideas for further developing these services. The stakeholders’ feedback features prominently in this activity report, thereby adding to the impact that the report can have on potential readers.
Differential Treatment and Inequalities under the Sustainable Development Goals: Beyond Preferential Market Access
Authors: Lorenzo Johanna Aleria P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Reducing inequality in its multiple dimensions is key to sustainability. Under the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, one way to meet the goal of narrowing gaps between and within countries is by implementing the special and differential treatment (SDT) principle. The most concrete and well-established implementation of this principle within international trade law is through the Enabling Clause, which authorizes wealthy States to grant, under specified conditions, preferential market access to select developing countries. Yet commentators, consisting primarily of economists and developing-country representatives, argue that tariff preferences are often inadequate to grow the economies of many in the Global South, much less to reduce inequalities. A legal perspective that could bolster this argument remains sparse. This article fills said gap by explaining that while international trade law operationalizes the SDT principle with a heavy emphasis on tariff preferences, the principle is additionally expressed in several other provisions under the other World Trade Organization (WTO) covered agreements: Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade; Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures; Agreement on Trade Facilitation. These under-studied provisions demonstrate crucial but overlooked aspects of the SDT principle, namely, capacity-building and international assistance and cooperation. Therefore, critically analyzing these provisions is important to ascertain whether and how implementation of the SDT principle can reduce inequalities and support sustainable development. This legal analysis contributes in two ways to the broader inquiry about the role of international trade law in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). First, on a practical level, the article suggests legal bases or sources for additional indicators needed to better measure and monitor progress in reaching the target. Second, the analysis reveals a necessity to revisit and further scrutinize assumptions underlying the legal mechanisms within the trade regime that States and other relevant actors are using to pursue valuable global objectives.