bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a stable QTL for tiller number at the seedling stage in wheat landrace Yanda 1817
Authors: Yang Jian , Zhang Yu'e , Hu Weiguo , Zhou Yanjie , Wang Xicheng , Zhao Hong , Zhou Shenghui , Liu Zhiyong , Cao Tingjie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Effective tillers contribute to yield through adjusting population structure and affect 1000-kernel weight and kernel number per spike, which are favorable for wheat (Triticum aestivum) improvement. Wheat landraces show strong tillering ability and thus considerable potential for utilization in breeding. In this study, tiller number under nutrient solution condition was evaluated for 269 wheat recombinant inbred lines and their parents: the modern cultivar Beinong 6 and the landrace Yanda 1817, which exhibit strong tillering ability. A stable QTL,qTN-7B.1, significant in three independent experiments, was mapped between genetic markerXgwm333and7ABD_wsnp_be518436B_Ta_2_1. The positive allele ofqTN-7B.1was from Yanda 1817, explained 10.21%-18.89% phenotypic variations. Pathway enrichment among tiller-bud transcriptome data for the two parents suggested that tillering ability was mainly associated with lignin biosynthesis and energy metabolism. Comparative genomic indicated that wheat homologous geneTaMoc1-7Bwas located inqTN-7B.1but was excluded for candidate since no high-impact sequence variations between parents and no transcript abundance during tiller bud development. Compared with published QTL for tiller suggested thatqTN-7B.1was most likely the novel. Further analysis the differentially gene expression analysis and variant through transcriptome data identified 33 nonsynonymous SNVs on 20 DEGs. In particular,TraesCS7B02G282100encoded cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase crucially in lignin biosynthesis that the expression level of Beinong 6 exhibited 3.179-fold up-regulated and a synonymous SNP at conserved domain between parents, Therefore,TraesCS7B02G282100was considered as candidate gene. Based on this SNP, a KASP marker was developed that anchored withinqTN-7B.1genetic region. This study laid the foundation for map-based cloning ofqTN-7B.1and provided genetic marker for plant architecture improvement through molecular breeding.
The Effect of Family-Centered Empowerment Model Based on Mucosal Management on the Quality of Life of Children with Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Farsani Nasim Heidari , Moghaddasi Jafar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction Inflammation of the oral mucosa is one of the conventional side effects of chemotherapy, affecting the patient's acceptance and treatment process. Hence, the knowledge regarding the complication and the methods to prevent them helps improve the course of treatment, prevent frequent hospitalizations, and survive these patients. The current study aims to implement the family-centered empowerment model based on mucositis management on the quality of life of children with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Method A randomized study is presented in this paper that is conducted on 60 parents of children with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. These children were referred to Shahrekord Kashani Hospital in 2019–2020. The authors received informed consent from the parents who also participated in the tests. The parents were selected using the available sampling method and divided into two intervention and control groups through random allocation. In the intervention group, based on the empowerment model of the Al-Hani family, the intervention's content was consolidated in person and virtual space. Whereas in the control group, routine training was provided by nurses. To collect data from the demographic information questionnaire, the children's quality of life questionnaire was considered based on the parents' point of view. Ped QL Cancer Modules were used, which were electronically provided to the control and intervention groups in the three stages before, immediately after, and three months after the end of the intervention. Besides, who oral mucositis grading scale was employed for measuring mucositis. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive, analytical, and statistical tests (frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, and Fisher's exact test) and using SPSS23 software. Findings The obtained results revealed that the children's quality of life in the two groups immediately and three months after the intervention had a significant difference (p < 0.001). Accordingly, the quality of life of the children in the intervention group (35.12 ± 66.30) represented a significant rise (p < 0.001) compared to the control group (-4.6 ± 7.6). Conclusion The results indicated that the empowerment program could help parents discover the reality and increase awareness, ability, skill, and critical thinking. Therefore, the obtained results can prevent complicating the inflammation of the oral mucosa in children undergoing chemotherapy. Reducing hospitalization due to chemotherapy complications will improve children's quality of life.
Two novel acrylamide derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for API 5l x52 carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Fouda A. S. , Khalil E. M. , EL-Mahdy G. A. , Shaban M. M. , Mohammed A. S. , Abdelsatar N. A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Two new acrylamide derivatives were prepared namely: “N-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl) carbamothioyl) acrylamide (BHCA) and N-((2-hydroxyethyl) carbamothioyl) acrylamide( HCA) and their chemical structures were analyzed and confirmed using IR and 1H NMR”. These chemicals were investigated as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel (CS) in 1 M HCl medium using chemical method (weight loss, WL), and electrochemical techniques including potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the acrylamide derivatives work well as corrosion inhibitors, with inhibition efficacy (%IE) reaching 94.91–95.28% at 60 ppm for BHCA and HCA, respectively. Their inhibition depend mainly on their concentration and temperature of the solution. According to the PDP files, these derivatives function as mixed-type inhibitors that physically adsorb on the CS surface in accordance with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, creating a thin coating that shields the CS surface from corrosive fluids. The charge transfer resistance increased and the double layer capacitance (Cdl) decreased as a result of the adsorption of the used derivatives (Rct). Calculated and described were the thermodynamic parameters for activation and adsorption. Quantum chemistry computations and Monte Carlo simulations were examined and discussed for these derivatives under investigation. Validity of the obtained data was demonstrated by the confirmation of these several independent procedures.
Meshy-metal Evaporator with Enhanced Vapor Diffusion Making the Better of Environment Energy
Authors: Li Yifan , Ni Yuanying , Li Chengcheng , Wang Huihui , Wang Jieqiong , Gao Zhuwei , Wang Dun , Huang Wei , Zhang Mingxin , Shen Yijun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Solar vapor generation has attracted great attention regarding renewable energy capture and freshwater production. However, the clean water production is still limited by high heat loss and insufficient vapor diffusion at the evaporation front. Here, a meshy MoS2/Ti membrane based evaporator (MTiE) is designed to optimize the wind-assisted vapor diffusion process and realize almost no heat loss from evaporator to environment. The meshy-metal structure improves the effective evaporation area and amplifies the vapor-concentration gradient from inlet airflow to outlet airflow. Consequently, MTiE exhibits extremely-high evaporation rate of 6.4 kg m− 2 h− 1 and high-yield water rate up to 2.7 kg m− 2 h− 1 under one sun coupled with low wind speed of 0.2 m s− 1, which is among the best performance over similar evaporators. Furthermore, the flexible MTiE also exhibits excellent salt-resistant and long-term stability and performs an efficiently-continues wastewater treatment. The meshy evaporator is a potential method for capturing solar and wind energy without extra-energy input in real environment and using it to produce freshwater.
Stress-Compensated, Deformation-free Indium Tin Oxide Bilayer Electrodes for Ultrathin Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ohashi Noboru , Kaneko Ryuji , Sakai Chikako , Wasai Yoko , Higuchi Seiji , Yazawa Kenji , Tahara Hirokazu , Handa Taketo , Nakamura Tomoya , Murdey Richard , Kanemitsu Yoshihiko , Wakamiya Atsushi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The high electrical conductivity and optical transparency of indium-tin-oxide (ITO) make it an ideal electrode material for optoelectronic devices such as solar cells and light-emitting diodes. However, when ITO electrodes are fabricated on very thin plastic substrates, internal stress in the ITO layer causes wrinkles to form in the flexible plastic film. In this work, we show that stress-compensated ITO bilayers composed of an amorphous base layer and a crystalline overlayer lead to deformation-free ITO electrodes. Using these ITO bilayers deposited on 4 µm polyethylene naphthalate films, perovskite solar cells reached a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.2% with a power-to-weight ratio of 24 W g− 1. Under indoor lighting (White LED, 200 lux, 5000 K), the PCE reached 28.3%. The devices retained 95% of the original PCE after 1000 bend cycles. A 3-cell module with a designated area of 2.3 cm2 was realized with a power output of 28.1 mW and an open circuit voltage of 3.17 V.
Salt stress inhibits photosynthesis and destroys chloroplast structure by downregulating chloroplast development–related genes in Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings
Authors: Li Lingyu , Liu Xiuling , Meng Fanxia , Jiang Aijuan , Lu Chaoxia , Fan Hai , Chen Min 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Soil salinization is an important factor limiting food security and ecological stability. As a commonly used greening tree species, Robinia pseudoacacia often suffers from salt stress that can manifest as leaf yellowing, decreased photosynthesis, disintegrated chloroplasts, growth stagnation, and even death. To elucidate how salt stress decreases photosynthesis and damages photosynthetic structures, we treated R. pseudoacacia seedlings with different concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) for 4 weeks and then measured their biomass, ion content, organic soluble substance content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic parameters, chloroplast ultrastructure, and chloroplast development-related gene expression. NaCl treatment significantly decreased biomass and photosynthetic parameters, but increased ion content, organic soluble substances, and ROS content. High NaCl concentrations (100-200 mM) also led to distorted chloroplasts, scattered and deformed grana lamellae, disintegrated thylakoid structure, irregularly swollen starch granules, and larger, more numerous lipid spheres. Compared to control (0 mM NaCl), the 50 mM NaCl treatment significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity while upregulating expression of the ion transport-related genes HhNHX1 and HhSOS1 and the chloroplast development-related genes psaA, psbA, psaB, psbD, psaC, psbC, ndhH, ndhE, rps7, and ropA. Additionally, high concentrations of NaCl (100-200 mM) decreased antioxidant enzyme activity and downregulated the expression of ion transport- and chloroplast development-related genes. These results showed that although R. pseudoacacia can tolerate low concentrations of NaCl, high concentrations (100-200 mM) can damage chloroplast structure and disturb metabolic processes by downregulating gene expression.
Conjugation of Amiodarone to a Novel Cardiomyocyte Targeting Peptide for Potential Targeted Delivery to the Heart
Authors: Yurko Ray , Islam Kazi , Weber Beth , Salama Guy , Zahid Maliha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Modern medicine has developed a myriad of therapeutic drugs against a wide range of human diseases leading to increased life expectancy and better quality of life for millions of people. Despite the undeniable benefit of medical advancements in pharmaceutical technology, many of the most effective drugs currently in use have serious limitations such as off target side effects as a result of systemic toxicity. New generations of specialized drug constructs will enhance targeted therapeutic efficacy of existing and new drugs leading to safer and more effective treatment options for a variety of human ailments. As one of the most efficient drugs known for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, Amiodarone presents the same conundrum of serious systemic side effects associated with long term treatment. In this article we present the synthesis of a next generation prodrug construct of amiodarone for the purpose of advanced targeting of cardiac arrhythmias by delivering the drug to cardiomyocytes using a novel cardiac targeting peptide, a cardiomyocyte-specific cell penetrating peptide. Our in vivo studies in guinea pigs indicate that cardiac targeting peptide-amiodarone conjugate is able to have similar effects on calcium handling as amiodarone at 1/15th the total molar dose of amiodarone. Further studies are warranted in animal models of atrial fibrillation to show efficacy of this conjugate.
Ideal Compression Point in Fontan Circulation Patients with Dextrocardia Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: An Analysis Based on Contrast-enhanced Chest Computed Tomography
Authors: Kim Jin Hee , Jung Jae Yun , Lee Sangyun , Hwang Soyun , Park Joong Wan , Lee Eui Jun , Lee Ha Ni , Kim Do Kyun , Kwak Young Ho 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We aimed to find the ideal chest compression point undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in patients with a single ventricle with dextrocardia corrected by Fontan surgery. The most recent saved chest computed tomography images of all patients 8 years or older with a single ventricle who underwent Fontan surgery were retrospectively analysed. We defined the ideal chest compression point as the largest part of the compressed single ventricle. To find the ideal chest compression point, we measured the distance from the midline of the sternum to the point of the maximum sagittal area of the single ventricle as a deviation and calculated the area fraction of the compressed structures. Fifty-eight patients (male 67.2%) were analysed. The mean right deviation from the midline of the sternum as the ideal compression point was almost like the mean sternum width (32.85 ± 15.61 vs. 31.05 ± 6.75 mm). When chest compression was performed at the ideal point, the area fraction of the single ventricle statistically significant increased by 7%, wider than conventional compression (0.15 ± 0.10 vs. 0.22 ± 0.11, p < 0.05). When performing CPR on a patient with Fontan circulation with dextrocardia, right-sided chest compression is better than the conventional location.
CCE and EODF as two distinct non-shivering thermogenesis models inducing weight loss
Authors: Xu Tianyi , Wang Juan , Shi Hongwei , Wei Xiaofang , Zhang Huiling , Ji Yunyan , Lu Shiting , Yan Yi , Yu Xiuju , Luo Xiaomao , Wang Haidong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Increasing energy expenditure and reducing energy intake are considered two classical methods to induce weight loss. Weight loss through physical methods instead of drugs has been a hot research topic nowadays, but how these methods function in adipose and cause weight loss in body remains unclear. In this study, we set up chronic cold exposure (CCE) and every other day fasting (EODF) as two distinct models in long-term treatment to induce weight loss. They showed their own characteristics in energy expenditure and metabolism. We demonstrated that CCE and EODF caused different types of thermogenic programs in white and brown adipose depots whether through Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS), Creatine-driven or FGF21-adiponectin axis. In this study, we further explained that thermogenic mechanisms function in adipose and metabolic benefits of the stable phenotype through physical treatments used for weight loss, providing more details for the study on weight-loss models.
BDS dual-frequency carrier phase multipath MHM model and its application in real deformation monitoring scenario
Authors: Zhang Qiuzhao , Sun Ao , Gao Xingwang , Meng Xiaolin , Zhang Yunlong , Hancock Craig 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The BDS multipath delay error is highly related to the surrounding monitoring environment, which cannot be eliminated or mitigated by establishing the double difference observation model. In the actual monitoring environment, due to the complexity of the BDS constellation, it is difficult for existing algorithms to consider GEO, IGSO, MEO and other different orbital types of satellites for real-time and efficient multipath error reduction. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel BDS dual-frequency multipath error reduction method for real deformation monitoring for BDS considering various satellite orbit types. This method extracts the single error residual of each satellite based on the assumption of "zero mean", and divides the appropriate grid density of GEO and IGSO\MEO respectively, to construct the dual-frequency multi-path hemispherical map model suitable for BDS satellites with different orbital types. This method can realize the multi-path error elimination of the observed values of different orbits and different frequencies. The results of simulation experiments and real deformation monitoring data demonstrate that this method can effectively eliminate low-frequency multipath delay errors in the observation domain and coordinate domain. After multipath correction, the precision of the horizontal coordinates and height coordinates is 1.7mm and 4.6mm. The precision of the horizontal coordinate and height coordinate is increased by 50% and 60% respectively. The fixed rate of ambiguity increased by 5%~7%.
Financial Management Among Selected Automotive Leaders in the EU: Essential Techniques to Investigate the Structure of Moments While Using the GMM With Dynamic Panel Data
Authors: Růčková Petra , Heryán Tomáš , Cerulli Giovanni 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Despite interest in financial management, few studies have considered paying attention to the ownership structure among stockholders. Two alternative approaches related to the ownership structure are generally regarded as the leading cause of different management behaviours. First, managers should be less controlled in the case of less concentrated ownership with many owners, and thus could be more willing to not cooperate in the interests of owners. Second, vice versa, the less concentrated ownership structure causes the more pronounced control of management, and hence the pressure on its functioning. The results of this paper have proven the second approach in one country and just suggested the first among two different countries belonging to the EU leaders within the automotive industry. Furthermore, this study reveals that, without deploying techniques, subsequently introduced a modified version of GMM estimators with panel data by providing an implementation using Stata statistical software. Otherwise, these particular econometric tools to analyse a dynamic panel can often give false significant estimates.JEL classification:C58, D25, E21, G39
Variation characteristics of cervical sagittal parameters between patients with nonspecific neck pain and patients with radiculotic and cervical spondylotic myelopathy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Tao , Tian Shuo , Zhang Jianzhou , He Mengzi , Deng Longlian , Ding Wenyuan , Wang Zheng , Yang Dalong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the variation characteristics of cervical sagittal position parameters and the correlation among nonspecific neck pain(NS-NP), cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR), and cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).
Methods: We retrospectively included 236 patients divided into three groups, NS-NP, CSR and CSM, and collected general information and cervical sagittal parameters of such kind patients. The characteristics of the variation of parameters between the size of these parameters and gender differences were analyzed. Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation was applied to analyze the association of cervical sagittal parameters of all patients between the three groups.
Results: There exist obvious differences in age and sex among the three groups (P<0.001), among which the NS-NP group was the youngest, and NS-NP was more common in women. The parameters of cervical sagittal position were obviously different among the three groups (P<0.05). Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation result showed that the C2-C7 Cobb angle was negatively associated with C2-C7 SVA, and the C2-C7 Cobb angle, T1s were negatively associated with the SCA angle. There was a positive correlation between the C2-C7 Cobb angle and C7s, C2-C7 SVA and T1s, C2-C7 SVA and SCA, and C7s and T1s.
Conclusion: This study found that patients with CSR and CSM had higher SCA and C2-C7 SVA, and smaller C7s, T1s, and C2-C7 Cobb angles than patients with NS-NP; however, there has no obvious difference in sagittal parameters between the two types of cervical spondylosis. The SCA, C2-C7 SVA, C7s, T1s, and C2-C7 Cobb angles all had a strong correlation. Women were more common and had greater SCA than men in NS-NP patients, and women had smaller C7s and T1s than men.
Lower Extremity Skeletal Morphology Measured by Standing Biplanar Radiographs Differs by Race and Sex
Authors: Adelzadeh Kaya A. , Garrahan Margaret A. , Gehman Sarah E. , Ackerman Kristin , Hughes Julie M. , Popp Kristin , Bouxsein Mary L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
This study used bi-planar low-dose X-ray images to identify differences in lower extremity skeletal morphology by race and sex that might contribute to observed disparities in the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders.
Methods
We enrolled a multiracial cohort of young adults (n = 172) that included Asian women (n = 29) and men (n = 31), Black women (n = 28) and men (n = 27), and White women (n = 28) and men (n = 29). Low-dose anterior-posterior and lateral lower extremity X-ray images were simultaneously acquired in weight-bearing, standing position with EOS™ imaging system.
Results
While pelvic morphology did not differ significantly by race or sex, we identified differences in hip and lower extremity morphology measures between Black, White, and Asian men and women. These differences remained significant after adjusting for height and weight, factors known to influence skeletal morphology.
Conclusion
Further work is needed to determine whether these differences in skeletal morphology contribute to sex and racial disparities in musculoskeletal disorder prevalence, risk, and outcomes.