bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel wideband cube resonator antenna with metasurfaces
Authors: Luo Wei , Feng Yulu , Jiang Lanlan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel wideband cube resonator antenna (CRA) composed of metasurfaces is proposed in this letter, which can be applied to an active integrated antenna system. The resonant region of the CRA is formed by six metasurfaces of 4 × 4 arrays. The six surfaces can be equivalent to ideal electric walls. With the improved feeding slot, the dominant mode TE1δ1 and high‐order mode TE1δ3 are effectively excited, which enables a wideband and high gain performance for the CRA. A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and measured to verify the antenna design principle. The antenna has a measured impedance bandwidth of 17.0% (4.42–5.24 GHz) and a peak gain of 8.51 dBi, and good agreement between the simulated results and measured results is obtained. The proposed CRA shows resonant mode and radiation performance similar to those of traditional dielectric resonator antennas, which provides a new technique for the design of resonator cavity antennas.
Evaluating integrated pest management tactics for spotted lanternfly management in vineyards
Authors: Leach Heather , Mariani Tom , Centinari Michela , Urban Julie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpotted lanternfly, an invasive planthopper which was first found in 2014 in the eastern USA, has become a significant pest to vineyards. Sap‐feeding by this pest has been associated with plant stress and yield declines, and current management depends entirely on the prophylactic use of insecticides. Our study explored two new integrated pest management (IPM) tactics against spotted lanternfly to reduce the negative effects of frequent chemical applications: the use of exclusion netting and the use of perimeter applications of insecticides.RESULTSExclusion netting was installed across five vineyards in 2020 and compared to adjacent vines without exclusion netting. The netting reduced spotted lanternfly on vines by 99.8% and had no effect on air temperature, humidity, fungal disease pressure, or fruit quality. Perimeter applications of insecticides were compared against full‐cover applications for both in‐season and late‐season control of spotted lanternfly in 2020. Residual efficacy with adult spotted lanternfly was evaluated within the vineyard plots, revealing that insecticide efficacy declined after 8 m into the vineyard in the perimeter application. However, there was no difference in the level of control achieved using a perimeter spray compared to a full‐cover spray. Additionally, the perimeter spray reduced the area treated with insecticide by 31% in a 1 ha block and took 66% less time to spray.CONCLUSIONBoth methods, exclusion netting and perimeter spraying, offer new strategies to alleviate the invasion of spotted lanternfly into vineyards, reducing chemical input and rebuilding IPM in vineyards after invasion by spotted lanternfly. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Impact of seed blend and structured maize refuge on Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) potential phenological resistance development parameters in pupae and adults
Authors: Pezzini Daniela T , Reisig Dominic D , Buntin G David , Del Pozo‐Valdivia Alejandro I , Gould Fred , Paula‐Moraes Silvana V , Reay‐Jones Francis PF 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDHelicoverpa zea, an economic pest in the south‐eastern United States, has evolved practical resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxins in maize and cotton. Insect resistance management (IRM) programs have historically required planting of structured non‐Bt maize, but because of its low adoption, the use of seed blends has been considered. To generate knowledge on target pest biology and ecology to help improve IRM strategies, nine field trials were conducted in 2019 and 2020 in Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina to evaluate the impact of Bt (Cry1Ab + Cry1F or Cry1Ab + Cry1F + Vip3A) and non‐Bt maize plants in blended and structured refuge treatments on H. zea pupal survival, weight, soil pupation depth, adult flight parameters, and adult time to eclosion.RESULTSFrom a very large sample size and geography, we found a significant difference in pupal mortality and weight among treatments in seed blends with Vip3A, implying that cross‐pollination occurred between Bt and non‐Bt maize ears. There was no treatment effect for pupation depth, adult flight distance, and eclosion time.CONCLUSIONResults of this study demonstrate the potential impact of different refuge strategies on phenological development and survival of an important pest species of regulatory concern. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Combined treatment with beaded EWS, Gore‐tex patch and N‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate for bronchial fistula: The novel “sandwich method”
Authors: Yamamoto Marino , Tamura Masaya , Miyazaki Ryohei , Okada Hironobu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn 84‐year‐old man underwent right basal segmentectomy for primary lung cancer and developed empyema accompanied by a bronchopleural fistula (BPF). Emergency open‐window thoracotomy was performed. Although the general and nutritional conditions improved, the fistula did not close naturally, and we planned to close it 6 months after surgery. In this report, we describe, for the first time, a novel method for closing BPF using an endobronchial Watanabe spigot (EWS), polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet and N‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate (NBCA). We named this method the“sandwich method.”
Room Temperature Synthesis Mediated Porphyrinic NanoMOF Enables Benchmark Electrochemical Biosensing
Authors: Zhou Zhenyu , Wang Jun , Hou Shujin , Mukherjee Soumya , Fischer Roland A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLeveraging size effects, nanoparticles of metal‐organic frameworks, nanoMOFs, have recently gained traction, amplifying their scopes in electrochemical sensing. However, their synthesis, especially under eco‐friendly ambient conditions remains an unmet challenge. Herein, an ambient and fast secondary building unit (SBU)‐assisted synthesis (SAS) route to afford a prototypal porphyrinic MOF, Fe‐MOF‐525 is introduced. Albeit the benign room temperature conditions, Fe‐MOF‐525(SAS) nanocrystallites obtained are of ≈30 nm size, relatively smaller than the ones conventional solvothermal methods elicit. Integrating Fe‐MOF‐525(SAS) as a thin film on a conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) surface affords Fe‐MOF‐525(SAS)/ITO, an electrochemical biosensor. Synergistic confluence of modular MOF composition, analyte‐specific redox metalloporphyrin sites, and crystal downsizing contribute to its benchmark voltammetric uric acid (UA) sensing. Showcasing a wide linear range of UA detection with high sensitivity and low detection limit, this SAS strategy coalesces ambient condition synthesis and nanoparticle size control, paving a green way to advanced sensors.
A DNA Nanodevice‐Based Platform with Diverse Capabilities
Authors: Li Hua‐Dong , Ma Pei‐Qiang , Wang Jin‐Yu , Yin Bin‐Cheng , Ye Bang‐Ce 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocial biotic colonies often perform intricate tasks by interindividual communication and cooperation. Inspired by these biotic behaviors, a DNA nanodevice community is proposed as a universal and scalable platform. The modular nanodevice as the infrastructure of platform contains a DNA origami triangular prism framework and a hairpin‐swing arm machinery core. By coding and decoding a signal domain on the shuttled output strand in different nanodevices, an orthogonal inter‐nanodevice communication network is established to connect multi‐nanodevices into a functional platform. The nanodevice platform enables implementation of diverse tasks, including signal cascading and feedback, molecular input recording, distributed logic computing, and modeling of simulation for virus transmission. The nanodevice platform with powerful compatibility and programmability presents an elegant example of the combination of the distributed operation of multiple devices and the complicated interdevice communication network, and may become a new generation of intelligent DNA nanosystems.
High‐Entropy Doping Boosts Ion/Electronic Transport of Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7)/C Cathode for Superior Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ge Xiaochen , Li Huangxu , Li Jie , Guan Chaohong , Wang Xu , He Liang , Li Simin , Lai Yanqing , Zhang Zhian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFe‐based mixed phosphate cathodes for Na‐ion batteries usually possess weak rate capacity and cycle stability challenges resulting from sluggish diffusion kinetics and poor conductivity under the relatively low preparation temperature. Here, the excellent sodium storage capability of this system is obtained by introducing the high‐entropy doping to enhance the electronic and ionic conductivity. As designed high‐entropy doping Na4Fe2.85(Ni,Co,Mn,Cu,Mg)0.03(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP‐HE) cathode can release 122 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, even 85 mAh g−1 at ultrahigh rate of 50 C, and keep a high retention of 82.3% after 1500 cycles at 10 C. Besides, the cathode also exhibits outstanding fast charge capacity in terms of the cyclability and capacity with 105 mAh g−1 at 5 C/1 C, corresponding 94.3% retention after 500 cycles. The combination of in situ X‐ray diffraction, density functional theory, conductive‐atomic force microscopy, and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique tests reveal that the reversible structure evolution with optimized Na+ migration path and energy barrier boost the Na+ kinetics and improve the interfacial electronic transfer, thus improving performance.
Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound features of adrenal lesions in dogs
Authors: Burti Silvia , Zotti Alessandro , Rubini Giuseppe , Orlandi Riccardo , Bargellini Paolo , Bonsembiante Federico , Contiero Barbara , Bendazzoli Margherita , Banzato Tommaso 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features of adrenal lesions are poorly reported in veterinary literature.MethodsQualitative and quantitative B‐mode ultrasound and CEUS features of 186 benign (adenoma) and malignant (adenocarcinoma and pheochromocytoma) adrenal lesions were evaluated.ResultsAdenocarcinomas (n = 72) and pheochromocytomas (n = 32) had mixed echogenicity with B‐mode, and a non‐homogeneous aspect with a diffused or peripheral enhancement pattern, hypoperfused areas, intralesional microcirculation and non‐homogeneous wash‐out with CEUS. Adenomas (n = 82) had mixed echogenicity, isoechogenicity or hypoechogenicity with B‐mode, and a homogeneous or non‐homogeneous aspect with a diffused enhancement pattern, hypoperfused areas, intralesional microcirculation and homogeneous wash‐out with CEUS. With CEUS, a non‐homogeneous aspect and the presence of hypoperfused areas and intralesional microcirculation can be used to distinguish between malignant (adenocarcinoma and pheochromocytoma) and benign (adenoma) adrenal lesions.LimitationsLesions were characterised only by means of cytology.ConclusionsCEUS examination is a valuable tool for distinction between benign and malignant adrenal lesions and can potentially differentiate pheochromocytomas from adenocarcinomas and adenomas. However, cytology and histology are necessary to obtain the final diagnosis.
Long‐term outcomes in dogs with elbow dysplasia, assessed using the canine orthopaedic index
Authors: Obel Christina , Bergström Annika , Comin Arianna , Engdahl Karolina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundElbow dysplasia (ED) is an important cause of lameness in dogs. This study aimed to report long‐term outcomes in dogs with elbow osteoarthritis.MethodsDemographic data, medical management, and scores from The American College of Veterinary Surgeons' Canine Orthopaedic Index (COI) were collected from owners of dogs radiographically screened for ED, graded as normal, mild, or moderate. Telephone interviews were performed in 2017 (Q1), followed by an email survey in 2020 (Q2). The association between ED grade and deterioration in COI scores over time was evaluated with logistic regression.ResultsA total of 765 replies were collected for Q1 and 293 for Q2. At Q2, 222 dogs (76%) were alive, with a median age of 8 years (range 5–12 years). No association was found between ED and changes in COI score over time or between ED and survival (p = 0.071). Dogs with mild and moderate ED were treated with analgesic medications to a higher degree than dogs without ED (p < 0.05).LimitationsOnly owner‐assed data were assessed; no clinical orthopaedic examination or follow‐up radiographic evaluation was performed.ConclusionsNo association was found between the grade of ED and the worsening of clinical signs in dogs with elbow osteoarthritis.
A background correction method for energy‐dispersive x‐ray fluorescence spectra based on morphological operation
Authors: Zhao Wei , Ai Xianyun , Xiao Xiong , Xiao Wuyun , Qi Sheng , Li Jinglun , Zhang Jipeng , Lei Wenming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEnergy‐dispersive x‐ray fluorescence spectra often suffer from background caused by primary x‐ray. Therefore, background correction is of great significance that must be performed before subsequent analysis. In this article, a background subtraction method based on morphological operation was proposed. The morphological operation and the smoothing factor could effectively reduce the possibility of background underestimation, especially for a noisy spectrum. The method was verified by simulated and experimental data, and comparisons with other peak‐clipping and penalized least square methods were made. The results showed that the method proposed in this article could get a smooth continuous estimated background with the least root mean square error compared with others. Meanwhile, it can achieve automated background correction, for there is no need to set physical parameters manually. In conclusion, those results indicated that the proposed method could be applied to the rapid in situ x‐ray fluorescence analysis to effectively correct the background.
The Opportunities and Challenges for Urban NBS: Lessons from Implementing the Urban Waterbuffer in Rotterdam
Authors: Dartée Kieran Wilhelmus Jacobus , Biffin Thomas , Peña Karina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn Rotterdam, the proportion of impervious surfaces has increased due to urbanisation and changing land use priorities. Combined with the effects of increasingly frequent extreme rain events and longer dry periods, the current capacity of the urban water system is reaching its limits. In response to the lack of retention capacity in the neighbourhood Spangen, a hybrid Nature-based Solution (NBS) was implemented in the summer of 2018. This NBS, called the Urban Waterbuffer, has been at the heart of the Rotterdam case study, focusing on drivers and barriers for implementation, direct and indirect costs, and (co-)benefits of the system. The case study compared this hybrid approach to dealing with heavy rainfall with grey and green alternatives at a neighbourhood scale. Seven lessons were drawn on the opportunities and challenges for implementing NBS for urban water management in the Dutch context. The smaller scale of this case study, compared to other case studies in the NAIAD project, highlighted the similarities and differences in NBS effectiveness and viability across a wide range of spatial scales. The lessons learned from this Rotterdam case study can facilitate future decision-making on, and implementation of climate-adaptive urban water management strategies across Europe.
The Natural Assurance Schemes Methodological Approach – From Assessment to Implementation
Authors: Van Cauwenbergh Nora , Giordano Raffaele , Le Coent Philippe , López Gunn Elena , Mayor Beatriz , van der Keur Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter discusses the methodological approach for natural assurance schemes (NAS). We developed and applied methodologies and strategies to increase the readiness in technology (TRL), institutions (IRL) and investment/financing (IVRL) and illustrated them in contrasting case studies. To assess how readiness is crafted to effectively green water risk reduction and water security plans, we propose an integrated analytical framework that builds on participatory adaptive planning approaches. Through an ex-post expert assessment of NAS implementation in 9 case studies, we demonstrate how methodologies and strategies to increase TRL, IRL and IVRL can contribute to operationalization of NAS under a wide range of contexts and boundary conditions. Case studies have (1) varying biophysical conditions, spatial scale and vulnerability to water related natural hazards that require diverse NAS approaches, but also (2) varying readiness levels for implementation of nature based solutions in NAS. Institutional readiness is generated throughout the entire planning process, through a combination of joint assessment of risk perceptions and the institutional set-up as well as facilitation of awareness and agreement on responsibilities. Investment readiness is generated through the generation of the NAS business canvas and can be translated into investment plans built around the 5 business cases proposed in the Financing Framework for water security. We illustrate that for nature-based solutions (NBS) to be integrated in water security and climate adaptation strategies effectively, the NAS approach needs to craft readiness at all levels, tailoring an integrated set of methods and tools available through a collaborative process with stakeholders.
Looking into the Future: Natural Assurance Schemes for Resilience
Authors: López Gunn Elena , Graveline Nina , Giordano Raffaele , Van Cauwenbergh Nora , Le Coent Philippe , van der Keur Peter , Marchal Roxane , Mayor Beatriz , Vay Laura 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter summarizes the main findings from the book in relation to the conceptual framework centered on the linked but separate concepts of assurance and insurance value of nature, to then highlight the key methods developed namely physical assessments, co-design, and a full integrated economic assessment model that incorporates the value of avoided costs and other co-benefits. This can help to generate and implement natural assurance scheme projects aligned with adaptive planning, innovative financing and new business models centered around prevention by investing in nature.
NAS Canvas: Identifying Business Models to Support Implementation of Natural Assurance Schemes
Authors: Mayor Beatriz , López Gunn Elena , Zorrilla-Miras Pedro , Dartée Kieran , Biffin Thomas , Peña Karina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Natural Assurance Schemes (NAS) canvas framework and tool have been developed to analyse the process of value generation linked to NBS aimed at reducing risks from the assurance value of ecosystems and co-benefits, when providing climate adaptation services. The NAS canvas identifies the elements, agents and roles involved along the NASs’ services and values delivery process, as well as the associated economic streams. Therefore, it allows identifying and structuring, in a logical and visual way, the components of a business model to deliver a natural assurance service into concrete schemes, compiling the required information on actors, costs, impacts and possible funding models needed to attract investors. The process of business model identification using the NAS canvas has been applied in all NAS strategies in NAIAD case studies, providing useful individual and comparative insights. This process – often supported by a co-design stakeholder engagement approach (see Chap. 3 and 19) – can be applied to any NAS regardless of the context and the project stage, and replicated by adjusting the depth and detail of the information. Although a quantitative description is preferred to build the business case to attract investors, a qualitative description can also provide very valuable insights on information needs, specific elements or context difficulties (e.g. regulatory).
Graphical Abstract
Chinas Auffassung von der „Welt“ und ihrer Ordnung
Authors: Zimmer Thomas 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Begrifflichkeit von „Welt“ kommt im Rahmen der Globalisierung, der internationalen wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Vernetzung, eine zunehmend wichtige Bedeutung zu. Standen dabei in der Vergangenheit vor allem westliche Konzepte zur Diskussion, findet neuerdings mit dem aus China stammenden tianxia-Begriff ein antikes Konzept Beachtung, das vor allem in Ostasien lange Zeit vorherrschend war. Der Beitrag setzt sich mit der Herkunft des Begriffs, der für die Auffassung von „alles unter dem Himmel“ steht, seinen historischen Bezügen, dem Modus seiner Vermittlung in der Gegenwart und möglichen Anknüpfungsmöglichkeiten für den Westen auseinander.
Chinas gesellschaftliche, politische und wirtschaftliche Transformation und der Weg in die Moderne
Authors: Schmidt-Glintzer Helwig 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungChinas beschleunigte Modernisierung erweitert den internationalen Regelungs- und Verständigungsbedarf und stellt vor allem Europa beziehungsweise den sogenannten Westen vor neue Herausforderungen. Dieser Beitrag versucht mit einem multiperspektivischen Ansatz, grundlegende Voraussetzungen für einen weiter gelingenden Dialog und Kulturaustausch zu benennen. Es erweist sich, dass sich Gemeinsamkeiten und Differenzen zwischen Europa und China in der diachronen Rekonstruktion besser ausleuchten lassen. Diese Sicht eröffnet gemeinsame Horizonte und relativiert insbesondere seit dem ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert vorherrschende Selbst- und Fremdbilder. Zugleich werden Voraussetzungen freigelegt, um an Menschheitsvorstellungen der europäischen Aufklärung anzuknüpfen.
Gas Hydrates at Seeps
Authors: Luo Min , Cao Yuncheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGas hydrates have been the focus of intensive research during recent decades due to the recognition of their high relevance to future fossil energy, submarine geohazards, and global carbon and climate changes. Cold seep-related gas hydrate systems have been found in both passive and active margins worldwide. A wealth of data, including seismic imaging, borehole logging, seafloor surveys, and coring, suggest that seep-related gas hydrates are present in the western Taixinan Basin and the Qiongdongnan Basin of the northern South China Sea (SCS). Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of seep-related gas hydrate systems in the northern SCS and underscore the need for more systematic work to uncover the factors governing the interplay of hydrate dynamics and gas seepage and to quantitatively assess the temporal and spatial variability of gas hydrate and cold seep systems.
Symbioses from Cold Seeps
Authors: Li Chaolun , Wang Minxiao , Wang Hao , Zhou Li , Zhong Zhaoshan , Chen Hao , Sun Yan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEstablishing symbiosis between bacteria and invertebrates can significantly enhance energy transfer efficiency between them, which may aid in shaping the flourishing community in deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems, including cold seeps, hydrothermal vents, and organic falls. The symbionts utilize the chemical energy from reductive materials to fix carbon, and the hosts absorb the nutrients for growth through farming, milking, or both. Moreover, symbiosis can enhance the sustainability of both participants to survive in harsh conditions. However, the exact process and the regulatory network of symbiosis are still unknown. The cold seeps in the South China Sea offer natural laboratories to study the composition, ecological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of deep-sea symbioses. In this chapter, we focused on two dominant species, a deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons and a squat lobster Shinkaia crosnieri, which represent endosymbiosis and episymbiosis, respectively, at Site F to summarize our understanding of deep-sea chemosymbiosis. We also discussed some promising avenues for future studies, such as deep-sea in situ experiments to show the exact responses of deep-sea organisms, culture-dependent experiments with genetic operations to validate the functions of critical genes, and microscale omics to elucidate the possible interactions at subcellular levels.