bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cockroaches as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Potential Sentinels of Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria in Ugandan Communities: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Kakooza Steven , Ssajjakambwe Paul , Nalubega Rebecca , Namazi Betty , Nantume Aisha , Ssentamu Geoffrey , Nabatta Esther , Nalumenya David , Wanyana Mariam , Munyiirwa Damien F. N. , Namuyinda Dorcus , Tsuchida Sayaka , Ushida Kazunari , Kaneene John Baligwamunsi 
Published: January 2025

Background: Cockroaches could play a role in the transmission dynamics of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria (ARB) at variable interfaces in Ugandan communities, acting as both reservoirs and vectors. This study investigated the burden and diversity of ARB carried by cockroaches in human settlements in Uganda, so as to understand their role in the spread of these pathogens and their potential as sentinels in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance programs.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on two unpublished studies by Makerere University students. Study one and study two sampled 58 and 110 cockroaches, respectively, from secondary schools in Kampala. Cockroach species identification was determined based on physical characteristics. Bacterial isolation and characterization were performed through microbiological analyses including standard culture methods, biochemical tests, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS), disc diffusion method, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: Majority of the cockroaches (over 80%) were Periplaneta americana. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was prevalent among the isolates, with over 30% of the isolates being resistant to three or more antibiotic classes. Specifically, MDR (over 90%) was rampant in the extended spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL)– or AmpC‐producing Escherichia coli and enterococci isolates. Critical World Health Organization (WHO) priority pathogens, such as ESBL‐/AmpC‐producing Enterobacteriaceae, and carbapenem‐resistant E. coli, were also identified. The most abundant resistance determinants (tetracycline and sulphonamide) were tetA, sul1, and sul2 for E. coli, and tetM and tetL for enterococci.Conclusion: The findings accentuate the potential role of cockroaches: (1) in transmitting multidrug‐resistant bacteria at the human–animal–environment interface and (2) as sentinels in the surveillance of community‐generated AMR.
MYC and HSF1 Cooperate to Drive Sensitivity to Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor Volasertib in High-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Williams Imade , O’Malley Matthew , DeHart Haddie , Walker Bobby , Ulhaskumar Vrushabh , Jothirajah Pranav , Ray Haimanti , Landrum Lisa M. , Delaney Joe R. , Nephew Kenneth P. , Carpenter Richard L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a deadly gynecologic disease with frequent recurrence. Current treatments for patients include platinum-based therapy regimens with PARP inhibitors specific for homologous recombination–deficient high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC). Despite initial effectiveness, patients inevitably develop disease progression as tumor cells acquire resistance. Toward the development of new therapeutic avenues, we describe a gene amplification involving both heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and MYC, wherein these two genes are co-amplified in more than 30% of patients with HGSOC. We further found that HSF1 and MYC transcriptional activities were highly correlated with human HGSOC tumors and cell lines, suggesting that they may cooperate in the disease. CUT&RUN sequencing for HSF1 and MYC revealed overlapping HSF1 and MYC binding throughout the genome. Moreover, the binding peaks of both transcription factors in HGSOC cells were nearly identical, and a protein–protein interaction between HSF1 and MYC was detected, supporting molecular cooperation. Supporting a functional cooperation of these two transcription factors, the growth of HGSOC cells with the co-amplification was dependent on both HSF1 and MYC. To identify a therapeutic target that could take advantage of this unique HSF1 and MYC dependency, polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) was correlated with HSF1 and MYC in HGSOC specimens. Targeting PLK1 with volasertib revealed a greater than 200-fold increased potency in HSF1–MYC co-amplified HGSOC cells compared with those with wild-type HSF1 and MYC copy numbers. Although the success of volasertib and other PLK1 inhibitors in clinical trials has been modest, the current study suggests that targeting PLK1 using a precision medicine approach based on HSF1–MYC co-amplification as a biomarker in HGSOC would improve therapy response and patient outcomes.

Significance:
We show that HSF1 and MYC genes are co-amplified in more than 30% of HGSOC and demonstrate that HSF1 and MYC functionally cooperate to drive the growth of HGSOC cells. This work provides the foundation for HSF1 and MYC co-amplification as a biomarker for treatment efficacy of the polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor volasertib in HGSOC.
A Melanoma Brain Metastasis CTC Signature and CTC:B-cell Clusters Associate with Secondary Liver Metastasis: A Melanoma Brain–Liver Metastasis Axis
Authors: Bowley Tetiana Y. , Ortiz Mireya C. , Lagutina Irina V. , Steinkamp Mara P. , Fahy Bridget N. , Tawfik Bernard , Harari-Turquie Moises , Marchetti Dario 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Melanoma brain metastasis is linked to dismal prognosis and low overall survival and is detected in up to 80% of patients at autopsy. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are the smallest functional units of cancer and precursors of fatal metastasis. We previously used an unbiased multilevel approach to discover a unique ribosomal protein large/small subunit (RPL/RPS) CTC gene signature associated with melanoma brain metastasis. In this study, we hypothesized that CTC-driven melanoma brain metastasis secondary metastasis (“metastasis of metastasis” per clinical scenarios) has targeted organ specificity for the liver. We injected parallel cohorts of immunodeficient and newly developed humanized NBSGW (huNBSGW) mice with cells from CTC-derived melanoma brain metastasis to identify secondary metastatic patterns. We found the presence of a melanoma brain–liver metastasis axis in huNBSGW mice. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis of tissues showed a significant upregulation of the RPL/RPS CTC gene signature linked to metastatic spread to the liver. Additional RNA sequencing of CTCs from huNBSGW blood revealed extensive CTC clustering with human B cells in these mice. CTC:B-cell clusters were also upregulated in the blood of patients with primary melanoma and maintained either in CTC-driven melanoma brain metastasis or melanoma brain metastasis CTC–derived cells promoting liver metastasis. CTC-generated tumor tissues were interrogated at single-cell gene and protein expression levels (10x Genomics Xenium and HALO spatial biology platforms, respectively). Collectively, our findings suggest that heterotypic CTC:B-cell interactions can be critical at multiple stages of metastasis.

Significance:
This study provides important insights into the relevance of prometastatic CTC:B-cell clusters in melanoma progression, extends the importance of the CTC RPL/RPS gene signature beyond primary metastasis/melanoma brain metastasis driving targeted organ specificity for liver metastasis (“metastasis of metastasis”), and identifies new targets for clinical melanoma metastasis therapies.
Plasma SVEP1 Levels Predict Cardiovascular Events in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Beyond Conventional Clinical Risk Models Including NT-proBNP
Authors: Osawa Itsuki , Akita Keitaro , Hasegawa Kohei , Fifer Michael A. , Tower-Rader Albree , Reilly Muredach P. , Maurer Mathew S. , Stitziel Nathan O. , Javaheri Ali , Shimada Yuichi J. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common genetic cardiomyopathy and causes major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). SVEP1 (Sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, epidermal growth factor, and pentraxin domain containing 1) is a large extracellular matrix protein that is detectable in the plasma. However, it is unknown whether adding plasma SVEP1 levels to clinical predictors including NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) improves the prognostication in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

METHODS:
We performed a multicenter prospective cohort study of 610 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The outcome was MACE defined as heart failure hospitalization or cardiac death. In 4 groups stratified by the median levels of SVEP1 and NT-proBNP, we compared the risk of MACE using the Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for 15 clinical predictors. We also developed a Lasso-regularized Cox proportional hazards model to predict time to first MACE by adding SVEP1 to the 15 clinical predictors with or without NT-proBNP and compared the predictive performance based on C statistics using 10-fold cross-validation.

RESULTS:

Even in the low NT-proBNP groups, the high SVEP1 group had higher risks of MACE compared with the low SVEP1 group (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.52 [95% CI, 1.05–19.4];
P
=0.042). In predicting time to first MACE, the addition of SVEP1 improved the C statistics of the clinical plus NT-proBNP model (0.87 [0.83–0.91] versus 0.82 [0.78–0.86];
P
=0.01). The clinical plus SVEP1 model also outperformed the clinical plus NT-proBNP model (0.86 [0.82–0.91] versus 0.82 [0.78–0.86];
P
=0.04).

CONCLUSIONS:
SVEP1 improved the predictive performance of conventional models, including known clinical parameters with or without NT-proBNP, to predict future MACE in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
The Nature, Ethics, and Politics of Uncivil Obedience
Authors: Kling Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Uncivil obedience, also sometimes called malicious compliance, has the potential to be a galvanizing force for political change. Historically, it played a key role in many 20th century labor movements, and is still used today by both individuals and more organized activist groups. Despite this, uncivil obedience is less often a topic of philosophical discussion than its more well-known cousin, civil disobedience. In particular, uncivil obedience’s relationship to violence is almost entirely unexplored. In this paper, I outline the necessary conditions for some act to count as uncivil obedience, discuss its relationship to violence, and then present the conditions that must be met for uncivil obedience to be justified. Like other forms of protest and resistance, uncivil obedience has normative limits; there are things we ought not do with it, even in the name of fighting for a better world.
Conidiobolus srinivasanii (Conidiobolaceae, Entomophthorales), a novel species from Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India
Authors: PAWAR KADAMBARI S. , SINGH PARAS N. , SINGH SANJAY K. 
Published: January 2025

The genus Conidiobolus represents fungi of ecological and pathological importance, recently undergoing significant taxonomic revisions driven by molecular advancements. This study describes Conidiobolus srinivasanii sp. nov., a saprobic species isolated from plant litter in Maharashtra, India. Morphological examinations reveal unique features, such as vasiform primary conidiophores, catenate secondary conidia, and multipolar germ tube development, distinguishing it from closely related species. Multigene phylogenetic study (TEF-1α, mtSSU, nucLSU) substantiates its placement within Conidiobolus s.s. while emphasizing genetic divergence from other species. This work integrates morphological observations with genomic data to improve understanding of the taxonomy of this newly described species and underscores the significance of plant litter as a crucial habitat for fungal diversity. These findings aid in the continual refinement of fungal classification and elucidation of the evolutionary complexity of the genus.
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns Conducive to Summer Extreme Temperature, Precipitation, and Vapor Pressure Deficit Events over Northeast China
Authors: Li Xingxing , Sun Jianqi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Based on daily observational and reanalysis datasets during 1979–2021, we classify summer atmospheric circulations over northeast China (NEC) into nine circulation patterns (CPs; CP1–CP9) by a self-organizing map (SOM) neural network and link extreme temperature, precipitation, and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) events to typical CPs. The results show that more extreme temperature events occur under the high pressure pattern of CP1 (CP2), which is connected with the northward displacement of the western Pacific subtropical high and the northeastern Asia ridge to the north (south), consequently yielding warm advection and a warmer background for extreme temperature in the whole (southeastern) NEC region. More extreme precipitation events occur under the low-vortex pattern of CP4 (CP7), which is affected by deepened midlatitude troughs and reflects northwestern (central) cyclone activities. The resulting southeasterlies transport moisture from northeastern Asia and the Yellow Sea–Japan Sea regions, providing favorable dynamic and moisture conditions for extreme precipitation in northern-central (southeastern) NEC. The strong Asian polar-vortex pattern of CP6 (CP9) is associated with more extreme VPD events because it induces southern positive and northern negative pressure anomalies (negative pressure anomalies) and warm-dry (cold-dry) airflow in NEC, which results in an increase in the VPD anomalies and promotes drier air in eastern-central (southern) NEC. Furthermore, the highly correlated temporal changes in the frequency of extreme events and CPs confirm that CPs could partly explain the temporal variations in NEC extremes. This study enhances our understanding of NEC extreme events and provides a scientific basis for their forecasting.
Relationship of Decadal Variations in East Asian Winter Monsoon and Northwestern North Pacific SST in CMIP6 Preindustrial Long-Term Simulations
Authors: Gao Yuan , Sun Jianqi , Yu Shui , He Shengping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) plays an important role in people’s livelihoods, society, and natural environment over East Asia. Previous studies indicate that observed EAWM presents an obvious decadal variation. However, due to the limited duration of observed data and the coexistence of climate internal variability and external forcings, a comprehensive understanding of the decadal EAWM variation and its underlying mechanism remains challenging. In this study, we therefore investigate the EAWM and northwestern North Pacific SST (NPSST) decadal variation and their relationships in long-term preindustrial control (piControl) simulations from 30 coupled models, within phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The results show that the piControl simulations in 30 coupled models can well reproduce the observed decadal EAWM variation which exhibits a 10–30-yr period. Possible mechanism analysis suggests that, on the decadal time scale, when the northwestern NPSST is warmer than normal, the overlying atmosphere is heated by SST-related diabatic heating. Consequently, the meridional temperature gradients are weakened to the south of the warm SST region but enhanced to the north, inducing a meridional dipole pattern of zonal wind anomalies and weakening the East Asian trough. Therefore, the EAWM is weakened and warmer winters occur over East Asia. In turn, the atmospheric feedback could favor maintaining the SST anomaly. Such a mechanism is consistent in the piControl simulations. In addition, the decadal relationship between the EAWM and northwestern NPSST is stable in the simulation periods. Such results further imply that the decadal EAWM variation originates primarily from climate internal variability and northwestern NPSST anomaly could play an important role.

Significance Statement
EAWM presents an obvious decadal variation, significantly impacting the East Asian climate. However, the limited duration of observed data impedes a comprehensive study of the decadal EAWM variation and it is difficult to distinguish the influence of climate internal variability and external forcings from the observations. Therefore, we use long-term piControl simulations without natural and anthropogenic forcings in 30 CMIP6 models for further investigation in this study. The piControl simulations can reproduce the decadal variation of the EAWM with a 10–30-yr period and the stable relationship between EAWM and northwestern North Pacific SST on the decadal time scale. The result indicates that the EAWM decadal variation originates primarily from climate internal variability, in which the northwestern North Pacific SST could play an important role.
Dynamic Measures of Team Adaptation
Authors: Gorman Jamie C. , Grimm David A. P. , Robinson F. Eric , Winner Jennifer L. , Wiese Christopher W. , Roudebush Cameron 
Published: January 2025

Objective Dynamic measures of team adaptation based in team cognition theory and the measurement of real-time team cognition are developed. The present study examines the validity and context-specificity of this measurement framework for simulation-based team training. Background Teams adapt by reorganizing their coordination behavior to overcome challenges in dynamic environments. Theoretically grounded objective metrics for measuring adaptive skill in teams are needed. We developed dynamic measures of team adaptation to help fill this gap. Method Communication data from critical care air transport team training were analyzed using moving window entropy and recurrence-based determinism metrics of communicative adaptation in response to training event perturbations involving stabilizing deteriorating patient status. The measures were validated across four simulation-based training scenarios using objective and subjective metrics of team performance. Results We validated performance prediction in all scenarios, demonstrating generalizability. Critically, teams reorganized significantly more during perturbation segments than routine segments, validating the measures as indices of team adaptation. We also observed context-specificity, wherein the relationships between reorganization and successful performance depended on the training scenario. Conclusion The communicative reorganization measures advanced in this paper present a valid method for assessing adaptive competencies in teams. These analytics generalize in terms of performance prediction across training scenarios, but they are also context-specific, wherein patterns of effective reorganization depend on the type of scenario. Application We discuss the practical deployment of the measurement framework in a Team Dynamics Measurement System for assessing team adaptation competencies in critical care air transport team training.
Can a Universal Public Health Insurance Policy Dent Vulnerability to Poverty? Empirical Evidence from Rural India
Authors: Khosla Sunil , Jena Pradyot Ranjan 
Published: January 2025

Idiosyncratic shocks, mainly health shocks, are common among rural households in developing countries, and as a result, many non-poor households fall into poverty and poor households remain poor. This study investigates the impact of a universal public health insurance policy, namely Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY), on household vulnerability to poverty (VtP) in rural India. Using 17,468 national-level household data, household VtP has been estimated using feasible generalised least squares (FGLS), and the impact of a health insurance policy on household VtP has been investigated using propensity score matching (PSM) and endogenous switching regression (ESR). FGLS estimates show that VtP is found to be 33 per cent compared to a currently classified poverty headcount rate of 27 per cent. PSM and ESR results indicate that access to RSBY significantly reduces household VtP, especially in less developed states. JEL codes: I00, I13, I15, I18, I30, I32, I38, I39
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Who Is At Risk?
Authors: Pando Alejandro , Cheng Roger , Ha Caryn J. , Gupta Gaurav , Abramyan Arevik , Mukherjee Sourav , Raj Jeffrey Pradeep , Liu James K. , Sun Hai , Lee Kiwon 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a rare but well recognized complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with increased morbidity and poor clinical outcomes. There is a scarcity of literature describing the prevalence and risk factors associated with this complication. The aim of this study was to identify patients who are at risk of developing TCM in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods The 2016 to 2021 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used to identify adult inpatients with a primary diagnosis of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Univariate and multivariable analyses adjusting for patient demographics, comorbidity status, and hemorrhage etiology were used to characterize statistical associations with disease-related complications. Patients with TCM were further divided into those with “good” or “poor” functional outcomes and compared. Results A total of 42 141 patients were identified as having a subarachnoid hemorrhage from 2016 to 2021. Of these patients 486 patients (1.2%) were found to have TCM. TCM was associated with increased length of stay (19.15 ± 17.8 days vs 11.72 ± 14.4, P < .001), increased total costs ($451 502.59 ± 443 777.9 vs $242 327.92 ± 338 862.3, P < .001), increased number of days from admission to first procedure (1.74 ± 4.5 vs 1.94 ± 5.0, P < .001), and increased mortality (31.7% vs 22.8%, P < .001). After controlling for confounding factors, independent risk factors for TCM in patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage included: Female (Odds Ratio [OR]: 3.11, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 2.50-3.89, P < .001), Congestive Heart Failure (OR:4.60, CI:3.70-5.71, P < .001), and Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders (OR: 2.52, CI: 2.05-3.11, P < .001). Patients with good functional outcomes were found to have younger age (54.85 years ± 14.0 vs 58.14 ± 14.7, P < .001), decreased length of stay (17.11 ± 16.9 vs 19.83 ± 18.1, P < .001), decreased total charge ($370 245.94 ± 517 702.8 vs $477 366.55 ± 417 122.4, P < .001), and decreased mortality ( P < .001) compared to those with poor functional outcomes. Conclusion TCM after subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with increased mortality, length of stay, total cost, number of procedures in patients, and number of days to first procedure. Neurosurgeons and Neurocritical care medical professionals should be aware of the comorbidities and factors associated with increased TCM after subarachnoid hemorrhage in order to improve patient outcomes.