bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Vision for Twenty‐First Century Healthcare
Authors: Hood Leroy , Brogaard Kristin , Price Nathan D. 
Published: August 2023

OverviewThe convergence of system medicine, big data, and patient‐activated social networks is leading to a medicine that is predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory (P4). P4 medicine has two central thrusts—optimizing wellness and demystifying disease. To bring P4 medicine into the healthcare system, we initiated a longitudinal pilot study generating individual data clouds for 108 well people. The integration of the individual data clouds identified “actionable possibilities” that allow individuals to optimize wellness or avoid disease. We believe that this approach will transform healthcare by decreasing costs, increasing quality, and promoting innovation in a new healthcare sector—scientific wellness.
Transcranial pulse stimulation in the treatment of mild neurocognitive disorders
Authors: Fong Tommy Kwan Hin , Cheung Teris , Ngan Sze Ting Joanna , Tong Kelvin , Lui Wai Yan Vivian , Chan Wai Chi , Wong Corine Sau Man , Cheng Calvin Pak Wing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThere are limited effectiveness and potential side effects of existing pharmacological approach in treating mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD). Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) applies repetitive single high‐pressure ultrashort shockwave pulses to stimulate the brain, which has been shown to effectively improve cognition in major NCD. However, the effectiveness of TPS in mild NCD patients remained unknown. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of TPS with neuro‐navigation in old‐age adults with mild NCD by both clinical and biochemical assessments.MethodsAn open‐label study recruited older adults with mild NCD to receive neuro‐navigated TPS intervention for two weeks with three sessions per week. Assessments included detailed cognitive assessments, APOE genotype, and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).ResultsNineteen participants (12 females and 7 males) completed the whole TPS interventions with no serious adverse effects reported. Repeated measures ANOVA showed statistically significant effects of time on HK‐MoCA (F (3, 54) = 4.99, P = 0.004), 30‐sec interval of Verbal Fluency Test (F (3, 54) = 2.94, P = 0.041), Stroop interference (F (3, 54) = 3.46, P = 0.023), and Chinese IADL (F (3, 54) = 2.78, P = 0.050) after receiving the intervention. Bonferroni post hoc comparisons on HK‐MoCA showed a significant improvement after intervention. There was no significant change in serum BDNF level.InterpretationTPS has brought significant improvement in cognition of elderly with mild NCD. It has a great potential to delay the deterioration of cognition in older adults. The long‐term effect of TPS in cognition would benefit from further large‐scale, randomized, sham‐controlled trials.
Combining Clinical and Biological Data to Predict Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis Despite Immunomodulatory Therapy
Authors: Volkmann Elizabeth R. , Wilhalme Holly , Assassi Shervin , Kim Grace Hyun J. , Goldin Jonathan , Kuwana Masataka , Tashkin Donald P. , Roth Michael D. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveProgressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) is the leading cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc). This study aimed to develop a clinical prediction nomogram using clinical and biological data to assess risk of PPF among patients receiving treatment of SSc‐related interstitial lung disease (SSc‐ILD).MethodsPatients with SSc‐ILD who participated in the Scleroderma Lung Study II (SLS II) were randomized to treatment with either mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or cyclophosphamide (CYC). Clinical and biological parameters were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression, and a nomogram was created to assess the risk of PPF and validated by bootstrap resampling.ResultsAmong 112 participants with follow‐up data, 22 (19.6%) met criteria for PPF between 12 and 24 months. An equal proportion of patients randomized to CYC (n = 11 of 56) and mycophenolate mofetil (n = 11 of 56) developed PPF. The baseline severity of ILD was similar for patients who did, compared to those who did not, experience PPF in terms of their baseline forced vital capacity percent predicted, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide percent predicted, and quantitative radiological extent of ILD. Predictors in the nomogram included sex, baseline CXCL4 level, and baseline gastrointestinal reflux score. The nomogram demonstrated moderate discrimination in estimating the risk of PPF, with a C‐index of 0.72 (95% confidence interval 0.60‐0.84).ConclusionThe SLS II data set provided a unique opportunity to investigate predictors of PPF and develop a nomogram to help clinicians identify patients with SSc‐ILD who require closer monitoring while on therapy and potentially an alternative treatment approach. This nomogram warrants external validation in other SSc‐ILD cohorts to confirm its predictive power.
Role of Telomeres and Telomerase in Parkinson's Disease—A New Theranostics?
Authors: Vellingiri Balachandar , Balasubramani Kiruthika , Iyer Mahalaxmi , Raj Neethu , Elangovan Ajay , Song Kwonwoo , Yeo Han‐Cheol , Jayakumar Namitha , Kinoshita Masako , Thangarasu Ravimanickam , Narayanasamy Arul , Dayem Ahmed Abdal , Prajapati Vijay Kumar , Gopalakrishnan Abilash Valsala , Cho Ssang‐Goo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a complex condition that is significantly influenced by oxidative stress and inflammation. It is also suggested that telomere shortening (TS) is regulated by oxidative stress which leads to various diseases including age‐related neurodegenerative diseases like PD. Thus, it is anticipated that PD would result in TS of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Telomeres protect the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes preserving them against fusion and destruction. The TS is a normal process because DNA polymerase is unable to replicate the linear ends of the DNA due to end replication complications and telomerase activity in various cell types counteracts this process. PD is usually observed in the aged population and progresses over time therefore, disparities among telomere length in PBMCs of PD patients are recorded and it is still a question whether it has any useful role. Here, the likelihood of telomere attrition in PD and its implications concerning microglia activation, ageing, oxidative stress, and the significance of telomerase activators are addressed. Also, the possibility of telomeres and telomerase as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in PD is discussed.
A Universal Cyclodextrin‐Based Nanovaccine Platform Delivers Epitope Peptides for Enhanced Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Mao Jiarong , Jin Zhetong , Rui Xue , Li Lu , Hou Chengchen , Leng Xuejiao , Bi Xiaolin , Chen Zhipeng , Chen Yugen , Wang Jingjing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCurrently, there is still an intense demand for a simple and scalable delivery platform for peptide‐based cancer vaccines. Herein, a cyclodextrin‐based polymer nanovaccine platform (CDNP) is designed for the codelivery of peptides with two immune adjuvants [the Toll‐like receptor (TLR)7/8 agonist R848 and the TLR9 agonist CpG] that is broadly applicable to epitope peptides with diverse sequences. Specifically, the cyclodextrin‐based polymers are covalently linked to epitope peptides via a bioreactive bond‐containing cross‐linker (PNC‐DTDE‐PNC) and then physically load with R848 and CpG to obtain CDNP. The CDNP efficiently accumulats in the lymph nodes (LNs), greatly facilitating antigen capture and cross‐presentation by antigen‐presenting cells. The immunogenicity of the epitope peptides is significantly enhanced by the codelivery and synergy of the adjuvants, and the CDNP shows the ability to inhibit tumor progression in diverse tumor‐bearing mouse models. It is concluded that CDNP holds promise as an optimized peptide‐based cancer vaccine platform.
Arteriosclerosis Assessment Based on Single‐Point Fingertip Pulse Monitoring Using a Wearable Iontronic Sensor
Authors: Huang Yi , Zhao Lingyu , Cai Minkun , Zhu Jiaqi , Wang Liu , Chen Xinxing , Zeng Yumin , Zhang Liqing , Shi Jidong , Guo Chuan Fei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArteriosclerosis, which appears as a hardened and narrowed artery with plaque buildup, is the primary cause of various cardiovascular diseases such as stroke. Arteriosclerosis is often evaluated by clinically measuring the pulse wave velocity (PWV) using a two‐point approach that requires bulky medical equipment and a skilled operator. Although wearable photoplethysmographic sensors for PWV monitoring are developed in recent years, likewise, this technique is often based on two‐point measurement, and the signal can easily be interfered with by natural light. Herein, a single‐point strategy is reported based on stable fingertip pulse monitoring using a flexible iontronic pressure sensor for heart‐fingertip PWV (hfPWV) measurement. The iontronic sensor exhibits a high pressure‐resolution on the order of 0.1 Pa over a wide linearity range, allowing the capture of characteristic peaks of fingertip pulse waves. The forward and reflected waves of the pulse are extracted and the time difference between the two waves is computed for hfPWV measurement using Hiroshi's method. Furthermore, a hfPWV‐based model is established for arteriosclerosis evaluation with an accuracy comparable to that of existing clinical criteria, and the validity of the model is verified clinically. The work provides a reliable technique that can be used in wearable arteriosclerosis assessment systems.
Regulating Exciton De‐Trapping of Te4+‐Doped Zero‐Dimensional Scandium‐Halide Perovskite for Fluorescence Thermometry with Record High Time‐Resolved Thermal Sensitivity
Authors: Li Gaoqiang , Chen Xu , Wang Meng , Cheng Shanshan , Yang Dongwen , Wu Di , Han Yanbing , Jia Mochen , Li Xinjian , Zhang Yu , Shan Chongxin , Shi Zhifeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFluorescence thermometry has been propelled to the forefront of scientific attention due to its high spatial resolution and remote non‐invasive detection. However, recent generations of thermometers still suffer from limited thermal sensitivity (Sr) below 10% change per Kelvin. Herein, this work presents an ideal temperature‐responsive fluorescence material through Te4+‐doped 0D Cs2ScCl5·H2O, in which isolated polyhedrons endow highly localized electronic structures, and the strong electron–phonon coupling facilitates the formation of self‐trapped excitons (STEs). With rising temperature, the dramatic asymmetric expansion of the soft lattice induces increased defects, strong exciton–phonon coupling, and low thermal activation energy, which evokes a rapid de‐trapping process of STEs, enabling several orders of magnitude changes in the fluorescence lifetime over a narrow temperature range. After regulating the de‐trapping process with different Te4+ doping, a record‐high Sr (27.36% K−1) of fluorescence lifetime‐based detection is achieved at 325 K. The robust stability against multiple heating/cooling cycles and long‐term measurements enables a low temperature uncertainty of 0.067 K. Further, the developed thermometers are demonstrated for the remote local monitoring of operating temperature on internal electronic components. It is believed that this work constitutes a solid step towards building the next generation of ultrasensitive thermometers based on low‐dimensional metal halides.
Remarkable Thermochromism in the Double Perovskite Cs2NaFeCl6
Authors: Ji Fuxiang , Klarbring Johan , Zhang Bin , Wang Feng , Wang Linqin , Miao Xiaohe , Ning Weihua , Zhang Muyi , Cai Xinyi , Bakhit Babak , Magnuson Martin , Ren Xiaoming , Sun Licheng , Fahlman Mats , Buyanova Irina A. , Chen Weimin M. , Simak Sergei I. , Abrikosov Igor A. , Gao Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLead‐free halide double perovskites (HDPs) have emerged as a new generation of thermochromic materials. However, further materials development and mechanistic understanding are required. Here, a highly stable HDP Cs2NaFeCl6 single crystal is synthesized, and its remarkable and fully reversible thermochromism with a wide color variation from light‐yellow to black over a temperature range of 10 to 423 K is investigated. First‐principles, density functional theory (DFT)‐based calculations indicate that the thermochromism in Cs2NaFeCl6 is an effect of electron–phonon coupling. The temperature sensitivity of the bandgap in Cs2NaFeCl6 is up to 2.52 meVK−1 based on the Varshni equation, which is significantly higher than that of lead halide perovskites and many conventional group‐IV, III–V semiconductors. Meanwhile, this material shows excellent environmental, thermal, and thermochromic cycle stability. This work provides valuable insights into HDPs' thermochromism and sheds new light on developing efficient thermochromic materials.
Anomalous Temperature and Polarization Dependences of Photoluminescence of Metal‐Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition‐Grown GeSe2
Authors: Lee Eunji , Dhakal Krishna Prasad , Song Hwayoung , Choi Heenang , Chung Taek‐Mo , Oh Saeyoung , Jeong Hu Young , Marmolejo‐Tejada Juan M. , Mosquera Martín A. , Duong Dinh Loc , Kang Kibum , Kim Jeongyong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGermanium diselenide (GeSe2) is a 2D semiconductor with air stability, a wide bandgap, and anisotropic optical properties. The absorption and photoluminescence (PL) of single‐crystalline 2D GeSe2 grown by metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition and their dependence on temperature and polarization are studied. The PL spectra exhibit peaks at 2.5 eV (peak A) and 1.8 eV (peak B); peak A displays a strongly polarized emission along the short axis of the crystal, and peak B displays a weak polarization perpendicular to that of peak A. With increasing temperature, peak B shows anomalous behaviors, i.e., an increasing PL energy and intensity. The excitation energy‐dependent PL, time‐resolved PL, and density functional theory calculations suggest that peak A corresponds to the band‐edge transition, whereas peak B originates from the inter‐band mid‐gap states caused by selenium vacancies passivated by oxygen atoms. The comprehensive study on the PL of single‐crystalline GeSe2 sheds light on the origins of light emission in terms of the band structure of anisotropic GeSe2, making it beneficial for the corresponding optoelectronic applications.
Galvanically Replaced Au/Ag Nanostructures as a SERS‐Active Substrate with Progressive Interior Hotspots
Authors: Shin Young Sung , Lee Soo Hyun , Ansah Iris Baffour , Mun ChaeWon , Yang Jun‐Yeong , Lee Seunghun , Kim Dong‐Ho , Park Sung‐Gyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInterior hotspots in surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platforms have attracted intensive attention because they enable facile methodologies and exhibit excellent sensing behavior. Molecules surrounded by plasmonic materials exhibit dual functions as field‐confined regions and analytes, and their domain consistency eventually triggers the amplification of SERS signals. In this study, to conveniently realize interior hotspots, hollow regions such as voids and interstitials are strategically introduced via a galvanic reaction (GR) as a result of the difference in reduction potential between Au and Ag. The imbalanced stoichiometric ratio and diffusion fluxes induce the Kirkendall effect in conjunction with the GR between Au and Ag. SERS platforms with narrow and densified interior hotspots are optimized by controlling the reaction time. The activation of interior hotspots is confirmed using the finite‐difference time‐domain method, which indicates a theoretical enhancement factor of 1.07 × 107 based on a fourth‐power approximation. The spontaneous GR reaction enables sensing operation with high reproducibility (relative standard deviation of <10%). The proposed bimetallic platforms are used to trace methylene blue and rhodamine 6G dyes until their concentrations reach 50 nm. Therefore, the GR methodology for interior hotspot engineering demonstrates the potential for enabling the fabrication of SERS platforms with practical applications.
Competitive Hydration Versus Migration of Pre‐hydrated Electrons for CO2 Reduction in Aqueous Solution Revealed by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Gao Liang , Bu Yuxiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhotoinjected excess electrons (EEs) can fulfill the direct reduction of CO2 (CO2R) in an aqueous solution. However, the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood, especially the EE dynamics, which govern reaction mechanisms. Here, using a hybrid functional‐based ab initio molecular dynamic simulation strategy, it accurately characterizes the dynamics details of CO2R by aqueous EEs in solution and uncovers the nature of how EEs migrate for efficient CO2R. The AIMD simulations reveal that the injected EEs undergo hydration with diverse hydrated forms (various pre‐hydrated/e−pre/e22−pre and hydrated/e−aq/e22−aq) and multiple reaction channels due to competition of hydration versus migration. Interestingly, all pathways go through the same relay state [CO22−]aq and reach the same product (HCOO−). The core process before [CO22−]aq is competitive electron hydration and possible e−pre‐migration featuring either slowly flowing or fast jumping mode, while that after [CO22−]aq is proton transfer catalyzed by H‐bonding network as a proton source. The nature is how the concerted hydration dynamics of EEs and target CO2 govern the reaction proceeding through modulating their energy gap . This study provides dynamics insights into CO2R in aqueous solution by diverse e−pre/e−aq and the proposed strategy can also be utilized to explore the reduction mechanisms based on pre‐solvated electrons in other media.
Alzheimer's Progenitor Amyloid‐β Targets and Dissolves Microbial Amyloids and Impairs Biofilm Function
Authors: Ali Syed Aoun , Chung Ka Hang Karen , Forgham Helen , Olsen William P. , Kakinen Aleksandr , Balaji Arunpandian , Otzen Daniel E. , Davis Thomas Paul , Javed Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading form of dementia where the presence of extra‐neuronal plaques of Amyloid‐β (Aβ) is a pathological hallmark. However, Aβ peptide is also observed in the intestinal tissues of AD patients and animal models. In this study, it is reported that Aβ monomers can target and disintegrate microbial amyloids of FapC and CsgA formed by opportunistic gut pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, explaining a potential role of Aβ in the gut‐brain axis. Employing a zebrafish‐based transparent in vivo system and whole‐mount live‐imaging, Aβ is observed to diffuse into the vasculature and subsequently localize with FapC or CsgA fibrils that were injected into the tail muscles of the fish. FapC aggregates, produced after Aβ treatment (Faβ), present selective toxicity to SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells while the intestinal Caco‐2 cells are shown to phagocytose Faβ in a non‐toxic cellular process. After remodeling by Aβ, microbial fibrils lose their native function of cell adhesion with intestinal Caco‐2 cells and Aβ dissolves and detaches the microbial fibrils already attached to the cell membrane. Taken together, this study strongly indicates an anti‐biofilm role for Aβ monomers that can help aid in the future development of selective anti‐Alzheimer's and anti‐infective medicine.
A Fully Self‐Powered Wearable Leg Movement Sensing System for Human Health Monitoring
Authors: Yuan Jinfeng , Zhang Yuzhong , Wei Caise , Zhu Rong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnergy‐autonomous wearable human activity monitoring is imperative for daily healthcare, benefiting from long‐term sustainable uses. Herein, a fully self‐powered wearable system, enabling real‐time monitoring and assessments of human multimodal health parameters including knee joint movement, metabolic energy, locomotion speed, and skin temperature, which are fully self‐powered by highly‐efficient flexible thermoelectric generators (f‐TEGs) is proposed and developed. The wearable system is composed of f‐TEGs, fabric strain sensors, ultra‐low‐power edge computing, and Bluetooth. The f‐TEGs worn on the leg not only harvest energy from body heat and supply power sustainably for the whole monitoring system, but also serve as zero‐power motion sensors to detect limb movement and skin temperature. The fabric strain sensor made by printing PEDOT: PSS on pre‐stretched nylon fiber‐wrapped rubber band enables high‐fidelity and ultralow‐power measurements on highly‐dynamic knee movements. Edge computing is elaborately designed to estimate multimodal health parameters including time‐varying metabolic energy in real‐time, which are wirelessly transmitted via Bluetooth. The whole monitoring system is operated automatically and intelligently, works sustainably in both static and dynamic states, and is fully self‐powered by the f‐TEGs.
A Multifunctional Delivery System for Remodulating Cell Behaviors of Circulating Malignant Cells to Prevent Cell Fusion
Authors: Han Di , He Xiao‐Yan , Huang Yun , Gao Min , Guo Tao , Ren Xiao‐He , Liao Xin‐Ru , Chen Xue‐Si , Pang Xuan , Cheng Si‐Xue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCell fusion plays a critical role in cancer progression and metastasis. However, effective modulation of the cell fusion behavior and timely evaluation on the cell fusion to provide accurate information for personalized therapy are facing challenges. Here, it demonstrates that the cancer cell fusion behavior can be efficiently modulated and precisely detected through employing a multifunctional delivery vector to realize cancer targeting delivery of a genome editing plasmid and a molecular beacon‐based AND logic gate. The multifunctional delivery vector decorated by AS1411 conjugated hyaluronic acid and NLS‐GE11 peptide conjugated hyaluronic acid can specifically target circulating malignant cells (CMCs) of cancer patients to deliver the genome editing plasmid for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) knockout. The cell fusion between CMCs and endothelial cells can be detected by the AND logic gate delivered by the multifunctional vector. After EGFR knockout, the edited CMCs exhibit dramatically inhibited cell fusion capability, while unedited CMCs can easily fuse with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to form hybrid cells. This study provides a new therapeutic strategy for preventing cancer progression and a reliable tool for evaluating cancer cell fusion for precise personalized therapy.
3D‐Integrated, Multi‐Functional Carbon Fibers for Stable, High‐Areal‐Capacity Batteries
Authors: Liang Zhiming , Wang Yangyang , Pei Ben , Son Seoung‐Bum , Nguyen Martin , Singstock Nicholas R. , Huang Shaofeng , Mo Michael , Li Jianlin , Whittingham M. Stanley , Ban Chunmei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIncreasing lithium‐ion batteries' (LIBs) electrode areal capacity can boost energy density and lower manufacturing costs, but faces challenges in manufacturing, rate performance, and cycling stability. A conductive framework made of commercial micro‐sized carbon fibers (Cfs) is presented that serves as a host for both the LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC 532) cathode and Cfs anode. The Cf framework has multiple functions that offer high electronic conductivity (270 mS cm−1), low tortuosity (1.7), low Li+ diffusion resistance (22 Ω), and high thermal conductivity (200 W mK−1). Additionally, the Cf‐integrated electrodes can have an extremely high mass loading of NMC 532 (70 mg cm−2) with a theoretical capacity of 14 mAh cm−2. Thus, the practical full cells assembled with the Cfs‐enabled electrodes exhibit an initial areal capacity of 4.1 mAh cm−2 and capacity retention of 90.4% at 500 cycles at a cycling rate of C/3, 1.5 mA cm−2. Data collected from the operando isothermal microcalorimetry suggest that full cells utilizing the Cf anode experience less heat release from side reactions compared to cells utilizing a conventional graphite anode. This present approach is scalable and cost‐effective and can fabricate practical LIBs that boast high areal capacity, rate performance, and a lengthy cycling lifetime.