bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodegradable polymers – research and applications
Authors: Megha Mahajan , Kamaraj Murugesan , Nithya Thirumullaivoyal G. , GokilaLakshmi Shanmugaselvam , Santhosh Pugazh , Balavaishnavi Balasubramanian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The major concern in ecology we are facing in this era of modernization is environmental pollution due to non-biodegradable plastics. Because of its low cost, readily available nature, light weight, corrosion resistance, and added additives, it is adaptable and suitable for a wide range of applications. But the problem is that most of the petroleum-based plastics are not recyclable. Recycling and degradation of plastics are time-consuming and also release harmful chemicals, which pose a great threat to the environment. It is the need of the modern era to focus on the production of biodegradable and eco-friendly polymers as alternatives to these plastics. Nowadays, plant-based polymers are coming onto the market, which are easily degraded into soil with the help of microorganisms. However, commercialization is less due to its high production costs and the requirement for large agricultural lands for production, and their degradation also necessitated the use of special composting techniques. It is urgently needed to produce good quality and a high quantity of biodegradable polymers. The microorganisms are often searched for and screened from the carbon-rich and nutrient-deficient environment, but the commercial value of the polymers from microorganisms is very costly. Moreover, the currently explored microbes like Ralstonia eutropha, Aspergillus eutrophus, Cupriavidus necator, etc. are producing polymers naturally as a carbon reserve. But the quality as well as quantity of production are low, which means they cannot meet our requirements. So, the main aim of this chapter is to focus on the wide applications of different biodegradable polymers from plants, animals and even microbes and recent advancements in their production and improvement of biopolymers to increase their quality and quantity from natural sources, as well as their applications in packaging, the medical field, aquaculture, and other various fields for the commercialization of the product.
Treatment of a Severely Damaged Paper Manuscript of the Tang Dynasty Unearthed from the Western Regions
Authors: Yu Chen , Zhang Meifang , Wang Yaya , Chen Shujie , Li Meng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A batch of paper manuscripts of the Tang Dynasty unearthed from the Western Regions represents one of the most important special collections at the Museum of Renmin University of China. These paper manuscripts are a unique source for studying history, religion, paleography, and culture. Due to their age and the detrimental storage environment, most manuscripts were severely damaged and incomplete and needed conservation treatment. One of these manuscripts dated to the 5th year of the Zhenyuan period (789 C.E.) was distorted and it was not possible to identify its content; it also posed serious challenges for handling. This paper proposes method for preserving this manuscript. Soiling was removed using dry-cleaning methods, followed by unfolding the folds with tweezers, mending losses and lining. After conservation measures, the surface of the manuscript was flat, and the handwriting was recognizable. For long-term storage and utilization, the manuscript was encapsulated in paper and stored in a self-made paper folder. This paper aims to contribute to research on a safe and reliable method for preserving severely damaged and distorted manuscripts.
Monkeypox and drug repurposing: seven potential antivirals to combat the viral disease
Authors: Varghese Ryan , Patel Pal , Kumar Dileep , Sharma Rohit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The growing concern about the monkeypox (Mpox) virus infection has garnered a lot of public attention. However, the treatment options available to combat the same is limited to tecovirimat. Additionally, in a possible incidence of resistance, hypersensitivity, or adverse drug reaction, it is imperative to devise and reinforce the second-line therapy. Thus, in this editorial, the authors suggest seven antiviral drugs that could potentially be repurposed to combat the viral illness.
Crystal structure, photophysical properties, and DFT calculations of a boron difluoride curcumin complex
Authors: Guo Hui , Li Ziyong , Yang Xiao-Gang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The crystal structure of a curcumin-BF2 complex has been successfully refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data of crystals with one molecule of co-crystallized dichloromethane. The complex has a nearly coplanar structure. The molecules form a mesh structure by intermolecular multiple hydrogen bonds, as well as weak hydrogen bonds with CH2Cl2 molecules. An investigation of the photo-physical properties has indicated that the curcumin-BF2 complex possesses a wide absorption band and an intense red emission in the solid state due to a strong electron-withdrawing effect of the BF2 groups. DFT calculations of a single molecule verify the relationships between the photo-physical properties and its intrinsic electronic features, but neglect the role of hydrogen bonding.
Embracing Change: A Quality Improvement Project to Introduce Deferred Cord Clamping
Authors: Peterson Jennifer , Ranganna Ranganath 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this quality improvement (QI) project was to increase deferred cord clamping (DCC) rates in preterm infants (≤36 + 6 weeks) to 50% of eligible infants over an 18-month period.

METHODS
The multidisciplinary neonatal quality improvement team collaboratively developed a driver diagram to address the key issues and tasks to launching DCC. Serial plan-do-study-act cycles were used to implement successive changes and integrate DCC as normal practice. Statistical process control charts were used to track and share project progress.

RESULTS
This QI project has increased rates of deferred cord clamping for preterm infants from zero to 45%. Our DCC rates have sequentially increased with each plan-do-study-act cycle and have shown sustained increases without significant compromise in other aspects of neonatal care, such as thermoregulation.

CONCLUSIONS
DCC is a core element of good quality perinatal care. This QI project encountered several limiting factors to progress, including resistance to change from clinical staff and the impact on staffing and education secondary to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Our QI team used a range of approaches, such as virtual education strategies and narrative storytelling to overcome these obstacles to QI progress.
La Vierge en quête de Jésus pendant la Passion. Entrelacs médiévaux et folkloriques entre l’Italie et la Grèce : rapprochements et questions ouvertes
Authors: Ghidoni Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAt the center of the study is the motif spread in Italy and Greece, in the Middle Ages and in folklore, of Mary's search for Jesus during the Passion. The historiographical and philological reconstruction of the motif takes its cue from a medieval Italian text, the “Pianto delle Marie marchigiano”, and first investigates modern Italian songs, to show their continuity with the Middle Ages; then the observation expands to the Hellenic “moirologia”, to highlight the strong resemblance to the Italic counterparts; we therefore try to bring these similarities back to historical unity, showing that we are dealing with two forms in which a long-lasting cultural memory persists.
Chromatographic methods and approaches for bioequivalence study, drug screening and enantioseparation of indapamide
Authors: Sethi Sonika , Martens Jürgen , Bhushan Ravi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIndapamide (Indp) and certain other diuretics have been abused in sports, therefore, having sensitive methods for its detection and assay in biological fluids (whole blood, plasma, serum, and urine) is of significant importance. The racemic mixture of Indp is being used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient among other commonly prescribed diuretics. The regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical industries demand analytical methods for successful enantioseparation of such molecules. The paper presents a critical overview of the scientific issues of the application of contemporary techniques involving various chromatographic approaches (with liquid or supercritical fluid as mobile phases) and capillary electrophoresis and method development, for drug screening, assay, bioequivalence studies and enantioseparation of indapamide with their results. It also covers the historical developments that led to significant breakthroughs in research and concise evaluations of research in the area.Different types of chromatographic methods (HPLC, CEC, SFC etc) discussed herein provide an insight and a choice to select a method to (i) screen Indp for drug abuse, (ii) separate, isolate and quantify the enantiomers of Indp and (iii) investigate their pharmacokinetics as markedly different species and not as a total drug. The article evaluates the field's status with a broad base and practical oriented approach so that the underlying principles are easily understood to help chemists and non-specialists gain useful insights into the field outside their specialization and provide experts with summaries of key developments. To the best of authors' knowledge there has been no attempt to review such methods for analysis of Indp and this is the first report of its kind.
Innovative Public Governance. The Finnish Welfare State Model
Authors: Kohtamäki Natalia 
Published: February 2023

Background: The rationality of developing citizen-friendly solutions is demonstrated by the state helping citizens, Finland has own pattern of public governance based inter alia on the ideals of New Public Management. As a peripheral country quite remote from the largest European centres of power such as Germany or France, it represents unique way of innovation in the welfare state model.
Research objectives: The paper discusses the specifics of Finnish solutions in the field of public management. The present analysis was carried out based on the dependence of those solutions on cultural conditions.
Research design and methods: The choice of Finland is justified by its leading position in various world rankings regarding its commitment to traditional regional values related to open public administration, the transparency of its operations, and public participation in governance processes, the social welfare state. The study uses secondary sources and applies systematic analysis.
Results: Finland is seen as a latecomer in developing a welfare state, in part because of its rural and agrarian social structure. This process was strengthened by Finland’s special position between East and West during the Cold War.
Conclusions: Finnish administrative culture stems directly from the innovative forms of public management developed among the Nordic countries. Finland is a model example of a country exhibiting rational, knowledge-driven progress and maintaining simplicity in developing citizen-friendly solutions
Conditions for improving the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with chronic dacryocystitis in endonasal endoscopic procedures
Authors: Davydov Dmitriy V. , Маgomedov Мagomed М. , Маgomedova Napisat М. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Surgical treatment of patients with chronic dacryocystitis is a complex interdisciplinary problem. Lacrimal sac can be reached externally and internally (endonasally). The effectiveness of the treatment largely depends on the results of complete diagnosis and choice of a treatment method.
Purpose. To analyze the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with chronic dacryocystitis in endonasal access.
Materials and methods. The study of 225 patients consisted in the analysis of two groups of patients (20152019) with chronic dacryocystitis: the first group (110 patients) underwent an endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in the form of monooperation, the second underwent endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with additional intranasal interventions (115 patients). All patients underwent endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity and midface multispiral computed tomography (MSCT).
Results. The results of the obtained data convincingly showed a higher efficiency of treatment in the group of patients with combined operations with the pathological processes revealed in intranasal localization in comparison with the group of monoperations.
Conclusion. According to the study data, patients with chronic dacryocystitis should undergo full ophthalmologic and endonasal diagnostics, including multispiral computed tomography-dacryocystorhinography of the middle facial zone according to the described algorithm. When detecting pathological processes hindering the standard endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, it is necessary to perform an expanded scope of surgical interventions which will contribute to the efficiency of treatment of patients with chronic dacryocystitis up to 91.3%.
Nanotoxicity in endodontics - the lurking hazards of nanomedicine
Authors: Raj Shreya 
Published: February 2023

Molecular engineering has bought revolution into endodontics. Nanoparticles are particles of 1-100nm in dimension. Their small size, increased surface to volume ratio, specific surface properties and charge produces properties desirable for endodontic usage. It has been incorporated into sealers, obturating materials, restorative materials, disinfectants etc to name a few. However, there is other side to it. These micrometre-sized particles can easily cross biological barriers, and enter into various organ systems in the body causing damage at cellular level. These ultrafine particles can be “Nanotoxic”.Nanotoxicology is the study of the nature and mechanism of toxic effects of nanoscale materials/particles on living organisms and other biological systems. It deals with the quantitative assessment of the severity and frequency of Nanotoxic effects in relation to the exposure of the organisms.As the next generation of endodontics moves towards nanotechnology, it is crucial to develop proper understanding of the processes happening when a nanoparticle comes in contact with a living system. Biocompatibility is achieved when a material interacts with the body without inducing any toxic, immunogenic, thrombogenic or carcinogenic response. Little is known about the toxicological impact of these nanoparticles.This paper discusses the mechanism of nanotoxicity, factors affecting it, possible routes of nanotoxicity in endodontics, and its methods of assessment.
A mixed methods study to assess perception of interprofessional learning among pre-university students for medicine and dentistry
Authors: Sahoo Rashmirekha , Sahoo Soumendra , Rai Sharada , Ciraj A M  
Published: February 2023

Interprofessional education (IPE) leads to positive mutual attitudes, better understanding of professional roles in caring for patients.This study was undertaken to assess the perception of interprofessional education of pre-university students even before they enter professional courses.: This is a mixed methods sequential explanatory study design involving sixty-four pre-university students, who were exposed to interprofessional related activity by interacting with medical and dental students on given health scenarios. The interprofessional education and interdisciplinary education perception scale (IEPS) to measure the student’s perception towards IPE. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were calculated. The qualitative analysis was done to further analyse the quantitative data through online interviews.The student’s perception towards competence & autonomy, perceived need for cooperation, perception of actual cooperation and understanding other’s value were significantly higher from somewhat disagree of score 3 (P&#60;0.001). Most foundation year students realized that by learning with various professional students would make them effective member of health care team and promote collaborative practice. : It can be a good idea to sensitize the pre university students to interprofessional education.
The Perinatal Outcomes of Maltese and Sub-Saharan African Migrant Women: A Comparative, Retrospective Study
Authors: Hili Christie , Savona-Ventura Charles , Xuereb Rita Borg 
Published: February 2023

A paucity of evidence exists on whether the health and social services introduced in Malta for Sub-Saharan African (SSA) migrants have improved perinatal outcomes.Research Aim:This research aimed to compare the sociobiological characteristics and obstetric and perinatal outcomes between SSA migrant women and a local cohort of Maltese women who delivered neonates in Malta.Design:A retrospective comparison of two samples, SSA migrant women and Maltese women utilized the national obstetrics database kept by the Medical and Health Department during 2007–2016. The database had information about 898 SSA mothers (914 neonates) and 36,083 Maltese mothers (36,736 neonates). Statistical comparison was carried out using Pearson’s chi-square test.Results:SSA migrants were significantly more likely to be younger, married, poorly educated, and less likely to smoke cigarettes or abuse illicit drugs. They were statistically more likely to be multiparous and to poorly avail themselves of available antenatal care. Although SSA migrants had a significantly increased risk for perinatal complications, including preeclampsia–eclampsia, threatened preterm labor, placental abruption, intrauterine growth restriction, anemia, infection, hemorrhage, and blood transfusions, the risk for perineal trauma was lower than that for Maltese women. Significantly increased complications in SSA neonates included prematurity, low birth weight, low Apgar scores, respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, seizures, and increased mortality.Conclusion:Despite the availability of comprehensive free-at-source obstetric healthcare and social support services, the perinatal outcomes of SSA migrants remained substandard when compared to Maltese women. These findings require further investigation of the adequacy and standard of maternity care offered to SSA migrants.
Spontaneous Abortion and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Age Women in Benchi Maji, Kefa, and Sheka Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dame Kenenisa Tadesse , Kitaba Kebenesa Angasu , Negesa Endalew Hailu 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Even though spontaneous abortion (SA) is an important public health concern, most studies in our country were confined to induced abortion. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors with SA among reproductive-age women in Benchi Maji, Kefa, and Sheka Zone, southwest Ethiopia.METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to 21, 2021, among 845 reproductive-age women in a public hospital that serves residents of Benchi Maji, Kefa, and Sheka Zones by using two stages simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire entered into Epi-data version 4.2 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken. The odds ratio at 95% confidence interval (CI) andp-value < 0.05 was used to ascertain statistical significance.RESULTS: Nearly one-tenth (12.31%) of the participants had SA within five years preceding the survey. Being in between 15 and 19 years (AOR 0.102; 95% CI = 0.044–0.235) at (p-value < .001), being an urban resident (AOR 0.461; 95% CI = 0.255–0.833) at (p-value = .01), having education level primary or below (AOR 23.5; 95% CI = 6.3–88.3) at (p-value < .001), having middle income level (AOR 3.89; 95% CI = 1.88–8.08) at (p-value < .001), and being married (AOR 0.319; 95% CI = 0.186–0.548) at (p-value = .044) were factors associated with it.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of SA among the participants was within the worldwide average prevalence. Having planned pregnancies before 35 years, minimizing hard labor works, and other risks for SA are beneficial to reduce the prevalence of SA. Thus, health care providers should work on awareness creation toward preventable risks of SA among the study participants.
Matrix based optimal solution for node capture attack to enhance the attacking efficiency of attacker
Authors: Bathla Rohit , ahlawat priyanka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A node capture attack inside a wireless sensor network (WSN) may destroy the network by capturing sensor nodes and fetching cryptographic keys within the connections. Adversarial modeling provides beneficial defensive resolutions for the security purpose of WSN. This paper introduces matrix based optimization solution to for modelling node capture attack on a random key predistribution scheme. Matrix-based optimization modeling examines the compromising links among paths, nodes, and keys. A matrix-based optimization solution is used to secure the highest destructiveness of all captured nodes and simultaneously reduce the execution time to increase the attacking efficiency. To review the working of our solutions in terms of the system's performance, we developed two optimal attacking matrices, specifically the optimal key matrix (OKM) and optimal node matrix (ONM). We propose a matrix-based optimization solution to generate an optimal path vulnerability matrix (OPVM) based on multiple objective node capture functions that consist of various objectives: dominating nodes, node participation, cutting rank, dominant rank, highest key contribution, crossing edges, and lowest cost of capturing to determine optimal node. The proposed models manipulate various vulnerable network pinpoints to create a matrix-based attack model. We operate multiple functions to mention the performance of our attack model. Results demonstrate that matrix-based optimization reduces execution time, reduces the number of attacking rounds, improves the attacking performance, and saves energy costs.
A multitask learning for classification of COVID-19 variants from chest CT images using Learning without forgetting based convolution neural network
Authors: Subramanian Malliga , Vadivel Kogilavani Shanmuga , Velusamy Durgadevi , Muthusamy Suresh , Chinnasamy Ramya 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As COVID-19 spreads rapidly all over the world, the lack of reliable testing kits and medical diagnoses makes the infection more vulnerable to the human population. An effective diagnosis and detection of the SARS-Cov-2 virus are required to control and prevent the COVID-19 disease. In this study, we employed a convolution neural network (CNN) to detect coronavirus-infected patients using computed tomography (CT) images. The proposed study utilized transfer learning on the three pre-trained deep CNN models to detect COVID-19 infection from the chest CT scan images. We have tuned and optimized the hyper-parameters of the pre-trained CNN models using the Bayesian Optimization technique. Further, the deep CNN architectures are incorporated with the Learning without Forgetting (LwF) technique to improve the model’s capability to recognize new Delta variants COVID-19 data. The CNN model with the LwF is evaluated on the CT images of original and the Delta-variant COVID-19 dataset. The performance of the learning, without forgetting based CNN models namely VGG16, InceptionV3, and Xception is assessed using different performance evaluation metrics in detecting COVID-19 disease. The experimental result shows that the Xception model’s performance is superior that other two developed models and effective in classifying original augmented images and new Delta-variant images with an accuracy of 98.31% and 92.32%, respectively.The empirical result shows our model performance is significantly effective in diagnosis and classification of two different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the developed CNN models can provide assistance to the medical experts for diagnosing different variants of COVID-19 disease.