bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GPR109A controls neutrophil extracellular traps formation and improve early sepsis by regulating ROS/PAD4/Cit-H3 signal axis
Authors: Guo Wenjin , Gong Qian , Zong Xiaofeng , Wu Dianjun , Li Yuhang , Xiao Huijie , Song Jie , Zhang Sheng , Fu Shoupeng , Feng Zhichun , Zhuang Lu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is the key means for neutrophils to resist bacterial invasion. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection.

Methods
In our study, qRT-PCR was used to detect the gene expression in neutrophils, Western blot was used to detect the protein expression in mouse tissues and neutrophils, flow cytometry was used to detect the purity of neutrophils in the whole blood and immunofluorescence was used to detect the NETs formation.

Results
In this study, we analyzed the NETs formation in the blood of patients with sepsis. The results showed that a large number of NETs appeared. And the expression of GPR109A in neutrophils of patients with sepsis was significantly up regulated. Then we collected neutrophils from WT mice and GPR109A−/− mice and found that GPR109A knockout could significantly inhibit the early NETs formation of neutrophils. The results also showed that knockout of GPR109A or inhibition of the NETs formation could increase the inflammatory response of liver, spleen, lung and kidney in mice, thus affecting the disease process of sepsis. Then we observed the death of mice in 16 days. The results showed that inhibiting the NETs formation could significantly affect the early mortality of mice, while knocking out GPR109A could directly affect the mortality of the whole period.

Conclusions
This study confirmed the regulatory effect of GPR109A on early NETs formation for the first time, and provided a new target for the treatment of sepsis.
Gut microbiota-derived ursodeoxycholic acid alleviates low birth weight-induced colonic inflammation by enhancing M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Pi Yu , Wu Yujun , Zhang Xiangyu , Lu Dongdong , Han Dandan , Zhao Jiangchao , Zheng Xiaojiao , Zhang Shiyi , Ye Hao , Lian Shuai , Bai Yu , Wang Zhenyu , Tao Shiyu , Ni Dongjiao , Zou Xinhua , Jia Wei , Zhang Guolong , Li Defa , Wang Junjun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis after birth. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown.

Objective
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the metabolism, therapeutic potential, and mechanisms of action of bile acids (BAs) in LBW-induced intestinal inflammation in a piglet model.

Methods
The fecal microbiome and BA profile between LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) neonatal piglets were compared. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was employed to further confirm the linkage between microbial BA metabolism and intestinal inflammation. The therapeutic potential of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a highly differentially abundant BA between LBW and NBW piglets, in alleviating colonic inflammation was evaluated in both LBW piglets, an LBW-FMT mice model, and a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms by which UDCA suppresses intestinal inflammation were also investigated in both DSS-treated mice and a macrophage cell line. Microbiomes were analyzed by using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Fecal and intestinal BA profiles were measured by using targeted BA metabolomics. Levels of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) were knocked down in J774A.1 cells with small interfering RNAs.

Results
We show a significant difference in both the fecal microbiome and BA profiles between LBW and normal birth weight animals in a piglet model. Transplantation of the microbiota of LBW piglets to antibiotic-treated mice leads to intestinal inflammation. Importantly, oral administration of UDCA, a major BA diminished in the intestinal tract of LBW piglets, markedly alleviates intestinal inflammation in LBW piglets, an LBW-FMT mice model, and a mouse model of colitis by inducing M2 macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, UDCA reduces inflammatory cytokine production by engaging BA receptor FXR while suppressing NF-κB activation in macrophages.

Conclusions
These findings establish a causal relationship between LBW-associated intestinal abnormalities and dysbiosis, suggesting that restoring intestinal health and postnatal maldevelopment of LBW infants may be achieved by targeting intestinal microbiota and BA metabolism.
Weighing in: qualitative explorations of weight restoration as recovery in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Barko Emily B. , Moorman Sara M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnorexia Nervosa (AN) continues to capture the public’s imagination, centered around physical appearance, particularly weight. Clinical conceptions of AN also emphasize weight. The objective of this study was to explore how individuals with lived AN experience thought about the role of weight in illness and recovery.MethodsThe current study employed a grounded theory approach through qualitative inductive inquiry and analysis of 150 anonymous narratives, exploring firsthand experience of AN and recovery of adult individuals, based in the United States of America.ResultsIndividuals with AN histories contested intersecting popular cultural and medical presumptions of their health and illness positioned in weight. Respondents indicated that while weight does notmeasurerecovery, itmattersto recovery in unanticipated ways. Others’ expectations for a low weight served as a gatekeeper to various forms of social and institutional support. Respondents felt that the weight obsessions of other people made it difficult to earn the illness legitimacy to access sufficient care.ConclusionsResearch findings bear implications for future AN research, advocacy, and clinical practice, as respondents pivot research emphasis from weight as a sociocultural motivation for AN, to weight as a sociocultural obstacle to AN recovery.
Rheological properties of binary mixtures of Lepidium perfoliatum seed gum and xanthan gum
Authors: Yousefi Alireza , Ako Komla , Hosseinzadeh Ghader , Khodabakhshaghdam Shahla 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn this work, viscoelasticity, flow behaviour, thixotropy and thermo-rheological properties of binary mixtures ofLepidium perfoliatumseed gum (LPSG), as an emerging food gum, and xanthan gum (XG) at various blending ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 were studied for a depth insight into their interaction. FTIR analyses were also done to investigate the interaction between the XG and LPSG.ResultsFTIR results indicated the hydrogen bond formation between the hydrocolloids. At the linear viscoelastic region (LVE), XG-rich blends exhibited higher tanδLVEandτy, but lowerτf. The values of apparent viscosity (ηa) and complex viscosity (η*) diminished with increasing shear rate/frequency, and XG and LPSG individual dispersions showed the greatest and the lowest values, respectively. Based on the extendedCox-Merzrule, a greater shift factor (α) is observed as the ratio of LPSG in the mixed gel increases. At higher fraction of LPSG, except for the fraction of 75%, the thixotropic behaviour appears to be less pronounced. The recovery parameter (R, %) obtained from in-shear structural recovery test decreased with increase in LPSG fraction. The results of non-isothermal kinetic analysis revealed higher thermodynamic incompatibility and immiscibility of LPSG-XG system in the presence of 75% XG. Moreover, according to the results ofCole–Coleplot, the greatest compatibility of LPSG and XG blends was for LPSG75-XG25 sample (β = 0.87), whereas the worst miscibility was found to be for LPSG25-XG75 one (β = 1.02).ConclusionsDifferent rheological properties could be obtained by blending various ratios of LPSG and XG, which in some ratios synergistic behaviour was observed. The wide variety of rheological properties obtained may be appropriate for the use of LPSG-XG mixtures in food industries and pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.Graphical Abstract
Solar water heating based on Bellville weather conditions in winter
Authors: Mdletshe Zamavangeli , Msomi Velaphi , Nemraoui Ouassini 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHot water supply is a daily necessity for various purposes ranging from industrial to domestic usage. However, the availability of hot water supply is dependent on reliable energy systems to heat the water. The load shedding plan declared the energy crisis in South Africa. Therefore, exploring alternative energy methods for hot water supply is critical, especially renewable energy resources. The use of natural resources such as solar energy to heat water is highly impacted or limited by the resources and environmental conditions existing at the area of interest. The use of the solar water heating system based on Bellville; South Africa was the undertaken study. This study reports on the experimental investigation that was conducted on a 50 L water geyser, which was solar-based. The test rig that was constructed and tested was an active solar water heating system. It was tested over a period of 10 days under the environmental conditions experienced in mid-winter season of South Africa. A 20 tubed evacuated tube collector unit was used, and it was found that in mid-winter of the highest water temperature that the system could reach was above 65 °C and the lowest was 30 °C. Intriguing outputs were found in the study which revealed that, on the days that yield the highest solar irradiation did not necessarily produce the hottest water temperature. Therefore, scrutinizing the impact of other parameters that contributed to the overall water temperature output was necessary. From the tests it was observed that the wind velocity together with other environmental parameters effectively had an impact on the water temperature yield by an evacuated tube system.
Student-centered case-based teaching and online–offline case discussion in postgraduate courses of computer science
Authors: Zhang Xinhong , Zhang Boyan , Zhang Fan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study explores a student-centered teaching method in postgraduate courses. Teacher-centered classroom teaching cannot fully stimulate learning initiative and enthusiasm of students. Student-centered means that students actively learn and construct knowledge by participating in teaching activities. This study presents a student-centered online–offline hybrid teaching method, which adopts student-centered case-based teaching and online–offline case discussion in the postgraduate courses of computer science. The latest engineering cases are integrated into teaching and a case library is constructed. Taking the digital image processing course as an example, student-centered teaching allows students to choose what to learn and how to learn. Case-based teaching makes students better understand the application of theory of knowledge. It can introduce multiple perspectives, promote understanding and reflection on problems, and help students develop higher-level thinking, analysis, and synthesis skills. This study explores online–offline case discussion method in the student-centered teaching and proposes the principles of case design of postgraduate courses. Revised Bloom’s taxonomy is used for teaching assessment. The actual teaching effect shows that student-centered case-based teaching and online–offline case discussion have achieved better teaching effect.
The diagnostic accuracy of serum microRNAs in detection of cervical cancer: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Ssedyabane Frank , Niyonzima Nixon , Ngonzi Joseph , Tusubira Deusdedit , Ocan Moses , Akena Dickens , Namisango Eve , Apunyo Robert , Kinengyere Alison Annet , Obuku Ekwaro A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer remains a public health problem worldwide, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. There are challenges in timely screening and diagnosis for early detection and intervention. Therefore, studies on cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia suggest the need for new diagnostic approaches including microRNA technology. Plasma/serum levels of microRNAs are elevated or reduced compared to the normal state and their diagnostic accuracy for detection of cervical neoplasms has not been rigorously assessed more so in low-resource settings such as Uganda. The aim of this systematic review was therefore to assess the diagnostic accuracy of serum microRNAs in detecting cervical cancer.

Methods
We will perform a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. We will search for all articles in MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL, as well as grey literature from 2012 to 2022. Our outcomes will be sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive values, positive predictive values or area under the curve (Nagamitsu et al, Mol Clin Oncol 5:189-94, 2016) for each microRNA or microRNA panel. We will use the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (Whiting et al, Ann Intern Med 155:529-36, 2011) tool to assess the risk of bias of included studies. Our results will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Diagnostic Test Accuracy studies (PRISMA-DTA). We will summarise studies in a flow chart and then describe them using a structured narrative synthesis. If possible, we shall use the Lehmann model bivariate approach for the meta analysis

Use of the review results
This systematic review will provide information on the relevance of microRNAs in cervical cancer. This information will help policy makers, planners and researchers in determining which particular microRNAs could be employed to screen or diagnose cancer of the cervix.

Systematic review registration
This protocol has been registered in PROSPERO under registration number CRD42022313275.
Complete genome sequencing of nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi, an economically important pest causing rice white-tip disease
Authors: Ji Hongli , Xie Jialian , Han Ziduan , Yang Fang , Yu Wenjuan , Peng Yunliang , Qing Xue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAphelenchoides besseyi is a seed-borne plant-parasitic nematode that causes severe rice yield losses worldwide. In the present study, the A. besseyi Anhui-1 strain isolated from rice in China was sequenced with a hybrid method combining PacBio long reads and Illumina short reads, and subsequently annotated using available transcriptome references. The genome assembly consists of 166 scaffolds totaling 50.3 Mb, with an N50 of 1.262 Mb and a maximum scaffold length of 9.17 Mb. A total of 16,343 genes were annotated in the genome, with 94 gene families expanded while 70 families contracted specifically in A. besseyi. Furthermore, gene function analysis demonstrated that the genes related to drought tolerance were enriched, and cellulase genes were horizontally acquired from eukaryotic origin. Our findings provide resources to interpret the biology, evolution, ecology, and functional diversities of Aphelenchoides spp. in the light of genomics.
Age effects on frequency amplitude ratio of cVEMP
Authors: Dabbous Abeir Osman , El Bohy Zahraa , Helal Sara , Hamdy Hussein Sherif 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The vestibular system can perceive sound at high intensity levels. The recording of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) is one of the clinical techniques that capture the vestibular system when activated by sound. In healthy individuals, it has been demonstrated that VEMP thresholds are lower when using low-frequency stimuli, particularly 500 Hz tone burst. Aging affects frequency tuning, causing shift to higher frequencies.

Methods
This study was cross-sectional, which included 80 normal healthy individuals. Each participant in the study were subjected to cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) testing using air and bone conduction as a mode of stimulation. The following cVEMP parameters were assessed: cVEMP inter-frequency peak amplitude ratio (FAR): the ratio of peak-to-peak amplitude between 500 Hz and 1000 Hz in the same ear (1000 Hz/500 Hz FPA). Also, rectified FAR is a method of normalizing the amplitude of the VEMP response to the degree of muscle contraction as determined by EMG.

Results
There were differences among the 5 age groups that were statistically different regarding FAR and rFAR of cVEMP when using air and bone conduction stimuli.

Conclusion
In this study, we provided age norms for frequency amplitude ratio (FAR) (1000/500 Hz) of cVEMP using AC and BC stimuli. Participants above the 50 years age group showed significantly larger FAR and rectified FAR than the younger age groups in both the cVEMP. Air and bone conduction stimuli yielded similar FAR results and can be both used in testing.
Adjuvant Osimertinib for Resected EGFR-Mutated Stage IB-IIIA Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Updated Results From the Phase III Randomized ADAURA Trial
Authors: Herbst Roy S. , Wu Yi-Long , John Thomas , Grohe Christian , Majem Margarita , Wang Jie , Kato Terufumi , Goldman Jonathan W. , Laktionov Konstantin , Kim Sang-We , Yu Chong-Jen , Vu Huu Vinh , Lu Shun , Lee Kye Young , Mukhametshina Guzel , Akewanlop Charuwan , de Marinis Filippo , Bonanno Laura , Domine Manuel , Shepherd Frances A. , Urban Damien , Huang Xiangning , Bolanos Ana , Stachowiak Marta , Tsuboi Masahiro 
Published: January 2023

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. PURPOSE The phase III ADAURA (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02511106 ) primary analysis demonstrated a clinically significant disease-free survival (DFS) benefit with adjuvant osimertinib versus placebo in EGFR-mutated stage IB-IIIA non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after complete tumor resection (DFS hazard ratio [HR], 0.20 [99.12% CI, 0.14 to 0.30]; P < .001). We report an updated exploratory analysis of final DFS data. METHODS Overall, 682 patients with stage IB-IIIA (American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control, seventh edition) EGFR-mutated (exon 19 deletion/L858R) NSCLC were randomly assigned 1:1 (stratified by stage, mutational status, and race) to receive osimertinib 80 mg once-daily or placebo for 3 years. The primary end point was DFS by investigator assessment in stage II-IIIA disease analyzed by stratified log-rank test; following early reporting of statistical significance in DFS, no further formal statistical testing was planned. Secondary end points included DFS in stage IB-IIIA, overall survival, and safety. Patterns of recurrence and CNS DFS were prespecified exploratory end points. RESULTS At data cutoff (April 11, 2022), in stage II-IIIA disease, median follow-up was 44.2 months (osimertinib) and 19.6 months (placebo); the DFS HR was 0.23 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.30); 4-year DFS rate was 70% (osimertinib) and 29% (placebo). In the overall population, DFS HR was 0.27 (95% CI, 0.21 to 0.34); 4-year DFS rate was 73% (osimertinib) and 38% (placebo). Fewer patients treated with osimertinib had local/regional and distant recurrence versus placebo. CNS DFS HR in stage II-IIIA was 0.24 (95% CI, 0.14 to 0.42). The long-term safety profile of osimertinib was consistent with the primary analysis. CONCLUSION These updated data demonstrate prolonged DFS benefit over placebo, reduced risk of local and distant recurrence, improved CNS DFS, and a consistent safety profile, supporting the efficacy of adjuvant osimertinib in resected EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
Increased Morbidity in Males Diagnosed With Gynecomastia: A Nationwide Register-based Cohort Study
Authors: Uldbjerg Cecilie S , Lim Youn-Hee , Bräuner Elvira V , Juul Anders 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Context
Evidence on the long-term and general health of males with gynecomastia is lacking.

Objectives
To assess health before and following a diagnosis of gynecomastia.

Methods
A register-based cohort study of 140 574 males, of which 23 429 were diagnosed with incident gynecomastia and age- and calendar-matched (1:5) to 117 145 males without gynecomastia from the background population. Males with gynecomastia were stratified into males without (idiopathic) or with a known preexisting risk factor (disease/medication). Cox and logistic regression models investigated associations of disease risk according to International Classification of Diseases 10th revision sections following and before gynecomastia diagnosis.

Results
A total of 16 253 (69.4%) males in the cohort were identified with idiopathic gynecomastia. These males had a statistically significant higher risk of future disease across all included disease chapters (hazard ratio [HR], 1.19-1.89), with endocrine diseases representing the greatest disease risk (HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.76-2.03). The highest subchapter disease risk was observed for disorders of the endocrine glands (odds ratio [OR], 7.27; 95% CI, 6.19-8.54). Similarly, the ORs of comorbidities were higher across all included disease sections (OR, 1.05-1.51), except for psychiatric disease (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.68-0.78), with the highest association with musculoskeletal/connective tissue (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.46-1.57) and circulatory (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.29-1.43) diseases.

Conclusions
The presence of idiopathic gynecomastia is an important first clinical symptom of an underlying disease and a significant predictor of future disease risk. These findings should stimulate more awareness among health care providers to increase identification of gynecomastia and its causes in males.
Running-Related Injuries Captured Using Wearable Technology during a Cross-Country Season: A Preliminary Study
Authors: DeJong Lempke Alexandra F. , Hart Joseph M. , Hryvniak David J. , Rodu Jordan S. , Hertel Jay 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
Running-related injuries are prevalent among competitive runners. In a previous prospective descriptive assessment of in situ running biomechanics in collegiate cross-country athletes, a subset of athletes developed repetitive stress lower extremity injuries during study participation. The purpose of this preliminary, observational study was to assess sensor-derived biomechanics in the several days leading up to injury (n = 8; 4 female, 4 male) compared with runners who remained healthy (n = 14; 9 female, 5 male) over a single cross-country season.

Methods
Wearable sensors were used to collect running biomechanics during two weekly runs, and surveys were used to capture wellness and injury. Individual z scores of biomechanical measures were assessed for runners who developed injuries and compared against healthy male and female z scores.

Results
Of the eight injuries, four were categorized as bone stress injuries (three female, one male), and four as soft tissue injuries (one female, three male). Bone injury cases had increased contact time, loading, and pronation, and decreased cadence and stride length preceding injury. Hamstring injury cases (n = 2) had increased stride length, whereas foot and ankle soft tissue injuries had increased pronation velocity and decreased shock and braking.

Conclusions
This assessment of injury cases illuminates several biomechanical patterns associated with running-related injury development. This study sets the precedent for larger-scale prospective running-related injury evaluations.