bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YOLOv8-Peas: a lightweight drought tolerance method for peas based on seed germination vigor
Authors: Jiang Haoyu , Hu Fei , Fu Xiuqing , Chen Cairong , Wang Chen , Tian Luxu , Shi Yuran 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionDrought stress has become an important factor affecting global food production. Screening and breeding new varieties of peas (Pisum sativum L.) for drought-tolerant is of critical importance to ensure sustainable agricultural production and global food security. Germination rate and germination index are important indicators of seed germination vigor, and the level of germination vigor of pea seeds directly affects their yield and quality. The traditional manual germination detection can hardly meet the demand of full-time sequence nondestructive detection. We propose YOLOv8-Peas, an improved YOLOv8-n based method for the detection of pea germination vigor.MethodsWe constructed a pea germination dataset and used multiple data augmentation methods to improve the robustness of the model in real-world scenarios. By introducing the C2f-Ghost structure and depth-separable convolution, the model computational complexity is reduced and the model size is compressed. In addition, the original detector head is replaced by the self-designed PDetect detector head, which significantly improves the computational efficiency of the model. The Coordinate Attention (CA) mechanism is added to the backbone network to enhance the model's ability to localize and extract features from critical regions. The neck used a lightweight Content-Aware ReAssembly of FEatures (CARAFE) upsampling operator to capture and retain detailed features at low levels. The Adam optimizer is used to improve the model's learning ability in complex parameter spaces, thus improving the model's detection performance.ResultsThe experimental results showed that the Params, FLOPs, and Weight Size of YOLOv8-Peas were 1.17M, 3.2G, and 2.7MB, respectively, which decreased by 61.2%, 61%, and 56.5% compared with the original YOLOv8-n. The mAP of YOLOv8-Peas was on par with that of YOLOv8-n, reaching 98.7%, and achieved a detection speed of 116.2FPS. We used PEG6000 to simulate different drought environments and YOLOv8-Peas to analyze and quantify the germination vigor of different genotypes of peas, and screened for the best drought-resistant pea varieties.DiscussionOur model effectively reduces deployment costs, improves detection efficiency, and provides a scientific theoretical basis for drought-resistant genotype screening in pea.
YOLOv5s-gnConv: detecting personal protective equipment for workers at height
Authors: Chen Huihua , Li Yaoyu , Wen Huanxi , Hu Xiaodong 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionFalls from height (FFH) accidents can devastate families and individuals. Currently, the best way to prevent falls from heights is to wear personal protective equipment (PPE). However, traditional manual checking methods for safety hazards are inefficient and difficult to detect and eliminate potential risks.MethodsTo better detect whether a person working at height is wearing PPE or not, this paper first applies field research and Python crawling techniques to create a dataset of people working at height, extends the dataset to 10,000 images through data enhancement (brightness, rotation, blurring, and Moica), and categorizes the dataset into a training set, a validation set, and a test set according to the ratio of 7:2:1. In this study, three improved YOLOv5s models are proposed for detecting PPE in construction sites with many open-air operations, complex construction scenarios, and frequent personnel changes. Among them, YOLOv5s-gnconv is wholly based on the convolutional structure, which achieves effective modeling of higher-order spatial interactions through gated convolution (gnConv) and cyclic design, improves the performance of the algorithm, and increases the expressiveness of the model while reducing the network parameters.ResultsExperimental results show that YOLOv5s-gnconv outperforms the official model YOLOv5s by 5.01%, 4.72%, and 4.26% in precision, recall, and mAP_0.5, respectively. It better ensures the safety of workers working at height.DiscussionTo deploy the YOLOv5s-gnConv model in a construction site environment and to effectively monitor and manage the safety of workers at height, we also discuss the impacts and potential limitations of lighting conditions, camera angles, and worker movement patterns.
Morphological, ultrastructural, genetic characteristics and remarkably low prevalence of macroscopic Sarcocystis species isolated from sheep and goats in Kurdistan region, Iraq
Authors: Nawshirwan Salh , Heucken Nicole , Piekarek Nadin , van Beers Tim , Fulgham-Scott Nicole , Grandoch Andrea , Neiss Wolfram F. , Vogt Johannes , Barham Mohammed 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionSarcocystis is a genus of cyst-forming parasites that infest both humans and livestock. Some parasites cause clinical and subclinical diseases in their hosts, resulting in economic losses.MethodsEsophagus, diaphragm, and skeletal muscle from slaughtered sheep and goats were examined macroscopically, microscopically, and ultrastructurally and subjected to DNA analysis.ResultsWe isolated macrocysts of S. gigantea and of S. caprafelis moulei from naturally infected sheep (Ovis aries) and goats (Capra hircus). The macrocyst wall thickness was 18.9 µm in sheep and 15.3 µm in goats, and consisted of an inner Periodic acid Schiff- (PAS) negative primary wall and an outer glycoconjugates containing i.e. PAS-positive secondary wall. The walls inner surface was compartmentalized and filled with bradyzoites. In S. gigantea the bradyzoites were approximently 12.3 x 2.6 µm in size, while in S. caprafelis moulei they were 13.9 x 4.4 µm. Ultrastructurally, both species have nearly identical morphology: cauliflower-like protrusions with numerous microtubules and often dendritic-like filaments, branching from the primary wall. The 18S rRNA gene in S. gigantea was 85.9% identical to that in S. medusiformis and 80.4% to the S. caprafelis moulei gene. The 28S rRNA gene in S. gigantea was 94.6% identical to that in S. medusiformis and 97.3% to the S. caprafelis moulei.ConclusionThis study is the first to (i) detail the ultrastructure of the macrocyst wall of S. caprafelis moulei, (ii) identify S. medusiformis in Iraqi sheep, and (iii) compare the prevalence of macroscopic Sarcocystis at different time periods within the same region. A positive finding was the reduction of macroscopic sarcocystosis occurrences (0.01% in sheep and 0.02% in goats) compared to our previous data from 1992 (4.1%: sheep, 33.6%: goats).
Przekraczając granice w kierunku międzynarodowych programów w szkołach podstawowych w Polsce. Uczenie się z międzynarodowej perspektywy.
Authors: Żakowska Barbara 
Published: September 2023

Celem badań w prezentowanym artykule było opis oraz analiza założeń teoretycznych międzynarodowego programu dla szkół podstawowych the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme (IB PYP) oraz określenie obecności szkół międzynarodowych w Polsce, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem szkół podstawowych realizujących międzynarodowy program IB PYP. Artykuł powstał w oparciu o kwerendę źródeł, ich selekcję i opis. W efekcie zinterpretowano fakty stanowiące przedmiot badań. Analiza materiału miała charakter jakościowy. Kwerendzie poddane zostały anglojęzyczne materiały źródłowe dotyczące ram programowych międzynarodowej edukacji IB PYP oraz inne dokumenty programowe związane m.in. z historią międzynarodowego programu IB PYP, standardami oraz wymaganiami programowymi, systemem oceniania oraz metodami nauczania. Do opracowania stanu ilości szkół realizujących program międzynarodowy IB w Polsce wykorzystano dane dostępne na stronie internetowej IB. Na podstawie dokonanej analizy programu międzynarodowego IB PYP wskazana została struktura programu, kluczowe pojęcia, które charakteryzują omawiany program oraz określony został profil ucznia, jako podstawowy element wszystkich międzynarodowych programów IB. Ponadto, ze względu na transdyscyplinarny charakter analizowanego programu oraz teoretyczny fundament oparty o konstruktywistyczną teorię uczenia się, zauważa się potrzebę oraz możliwość włączenia koncepcji i standardów prezentowanych w IB PYP do programów kształcenia w szkołach podstawowych w Polsce.
The Exploitation of Women in Marketing Communications: Strategies for Beginner Entrepreneurs in Gender Literacy Social Media Brand
Authors: Setiyaningsih Lian Agustina , Molyo Priyo Dari , Sulfani Sulfani 
Published: September 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan eksplotasi perempuan dalam komunikasi pemasaran oleh wirausahawan baru dalam membentuk brand awareness melalui media sosial yang lebih peka terhadap isu-isu gender. Media sosial telah menjadi platform penting dalam komunikasi pemasaran yang memungkinkan interaksi dengan pelanggan, membangun dan menciptakan kesadaran merk. Namun, fenomena eksplotasi perempuan dalam strategi pemasaran media sosial memperkuat stereotip gender dan mengabaikan isu penting yang mempengaruhi perempuan. Studi ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan menganalisis 63 artikel jurnal untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang eksplotasi perempuan dalam komunikasi pemasaran dan pentingnya strategi wirausaha yang melek gender dalam membentuk brand awareness media sosial. Dalam kajian ini, ditemukan bahwa wirausahawan pemula harus mengadopsi strategi yang melek gender dalam membentuk brand awareness melalui media sosial, dengan melibatkan penggunaan bahasa yang inklusif, penghapusan stereotip gender dalam konten, serta dukungan terhadap kesetaraan gender dan keberagaman dalam komunikasi bisnis. Kemudian lingkungan bisnis dapat menjadi lebih inklusif, setara, dan adil tanpa memperkuat stereotip dan diskriminasi gender.
Kata Kunci: Eksplotasi Perempuan, Media Sosial, Wirausahan Pemula, Brand Awareness
A Micro Energy Grid Optimal Design and Economic Operation Using Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Eldessouky Ahmed , Fahmy Abdallah 
Published: September 2023

This paper presents an optimal design procedure and economic operational scheduling of micro energy grids (MEGs). The optimization objectives are to minimize cost, carbon dioxide emissions, and energy deficiency. The energy sources and conversion technologies included in this study are renewable-based sources (wind and photovoltaic), a furnace, an electrical heater, a main power grid, and a local power station. Two proposed control levels are applied to control the operation of the MEG. The supervisor control level selects the energy supplier based on price and/or availability. The inner control level dynamically matches the demand profile with the supply profile. The control loops guarantee dynamic matching between the demand profile and supply profile. Two scenarios are simulated, zero interest rates and 5.25% interest rates. The results showed renewables contribute with a significant share as an energy source, however, higher interest rates would negatively impact this contribution. It also confirms that carbon taxes can reduce the use of fossil fuels as an energy source.
Three-dimensional MHD Simulations of the Magnetic Pileup at Mars
Authors: Wang M. , Guan Z. J. , Xie L. , Lu J. Y. , Xu X. , Wei Y. , Zhou Z. , Chai L. , Wang J. , Chang Q. , Zhang H. X. , Qu B. H. , Sui H. Y. , Zhang J. Q. , Qiao F. H. , Li L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, we introduced a quantitative parameter, the magnetic field strength difference, to denote the intensity of the magnetic pileup effect at Mars. Using a three-dimensional multispecies MHD model, the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and the solar wind dynamic pressure (P

d
) constituted with different densities and velocities on the magnetic pileup were examined. Our results show that: (1) the magnetic pileup at Mars mainly occurs at the dayside region and its magnitude is generally decreasing with increasing solar zenith angle. The magnetic pileup is generally weak in the intense crustal field region, while it is strong in the weak crustal field region. (2) The perpendicular IMF components, B

Y
and B

Z
, dominate the magnetic pileup, while the radial IMF component, B

X
, has little effect. In the intense crustal field region, when the IMF and crustal field are primarily in the same direction, the magnetic field is piled up and the pileup magnitude is generally strong. While the directions of the crustal field and IMF are opposite, the occurrence of magnetic reconnection can weaken the local magnetic pileup. (3) Under the same P

d
, a higher solar wind velocity results in a higher intensity and a larger region of the magnetic pileup. When P

d
increases, the magnitude of the magnetic pileup is enhanced, but the pileup region shrinks. In addition, for an increasing P

d
, at the center of the induced magnetotail, the asymmetric current sheet can lead to similar asymmetries of the pileup.
Supernovae Origin for the Low-latitude Intermediate-velocity Arch and the North Celestial Pole Loop
Authors: Schmelz J. T. , Verschuur G. L. , Escorza A. , Jorissen A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Supernova explosions attributed to the unseen companion in several binary systems identified by the Third Gaia Data Release (Gaia DR3) may be responsible for a number of well-known and well-studied features in the radio sky, including the low-latitude intermediate-velocity (LLIV) arch and the north celestial pole (NCP) loop. Slices from the longitude–latitude–velocity data cube of the λ-21 cm Galactic neutral hydrogen HI4PI survey show multiple signatures of an expanding shell. The source of this expansion, which includes the LLIV arch on the approaching side, may be the neutron star candidate in the Gaia DR3 1093757200530267520 binary. If we make the simplifying assumptions that the expansion of the cavity is uniform and spherically symmetric, then the explosion took place about 700,000 yr ago. The momentum is in reasonable agreement with recent model estimates for a supernova this old. The H i on the receding side of this cavity is interacting with the gas approaching us on the near side of a second cavity. The NCP loop appears to be located at the intersection of these two expanding features. The neutron star candidate in the Gaia DR3 1144019690966028928 binary may be (in part) responsible for this cavity. Explosions from other candidates may account for the observed elongation along the line of sight of this second cavity. We can use the primary star in these binaries to anchor the distances to the LLIV arch and NCP loop, which are ∼167 and ∼220 pc, respectively.
Is a Recently Discovered H i Cloud near M94 a Starless Dark Matter Halo?
Authors: Benitez-Llambay Alejandro , Navarro Julio F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Observations with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope have revealed the presence of a marginally resolved source of 21 cm emission from a location

∼
50
′

from the M94 galaxy, without a stellar counterpart down to the surface brightness limit of the DESI Imaging Legacy Survey (∼29.15 mag arcsec−2 in the g band). The system (hereafter Cloud-9) has round column density isocontours and a line width consistent with thermal broadening from gas at T ∼ 2 × 104 K. These properties are unlike those of previously detected dark H i clouds and similar to the expected properties of REionization-Limited-H i Clouds (RELHICs), namely, starless dark matter (DM) halos filled with gas in hydrostatic equilibrium and in thermal equilibrium with the cosmic ultraviolet background. At the distance of M94, d ∼ 4.7 Mpc, we find that Cloud-9 is consistent with being a RELHIC inhabiting a Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) DM halo of mass M
200 ∼ 5 × 109
M
⊙ and concentration c
NFW ∼ 13. Although the agreement between the model and observations is good, Cloud-9 appears to be slightly, but systematically, more extended than expected for ΛCDM RELHICs. This may imply either that Cloud-9 is much closer than implied by its recessional velocity, v
CL9 ∼ 300 km s−1, or that its halo density profile is flatter than NFW, with a DM mass deficit greater than a factor of 10 at radii r ≲ 1 kpc. Further observations may aid in constraining these scenarios better and help elucidate whether Cloud-9 is the first ever observed RELHIC, a cornerstone prediction of the ΛCDM model on the smallest scales.
Evidence for Fine-grained Material at Lunar Red Spots: Insights from Thermal Infrared and Radar Data Sets
Authors: Byron Benjamin D , Elder Catherine M. , Glotch Timothy D. , Hayne Paul O. , Pigue Lori M. , Cahill Joshua T. S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Lunar red spots are small spectrally red features that have been proposed to be the result of non-mare volcanism. Studies have shown that a number of red spots are silicic, and are spectrally distinct from both highlands and mare compositions. In this work, we use data from LRO Diviner, Mini-RF, and Arecibo to investigate the material properties of 10 red spots. We create albedo maps using Diviner daytime solar reflectance data to use as an input to our improved thermophysical model, and calculate the rock abundance (RA) and H-parameter values that best fit Diviner nighttime thermal infrared radiance measurements. The H-parameter can be considered analogous to the thermal inertia of the regolith, with a high H-parameter corresponding to low thermal inertia. We find that the red spots generally have low RA, and do not have a uniform H-parameter but contain localized regions of high H-parameter. We additionally find that the red spots have a low circular polarization ratio (CPR) in many of the same locations that show a low RA and high H-parameter. Low RA, high H-parameter, and low CPR indicate a relative lack of rocks larger than ∼10 cm, which is consistent with previous findings of a mantling of fine-grained pyroclastic material for at least three red spots. Areas with high H-parameter but that do not show clear signs of pyroclastics in other data sets may be evidence of previously undiscovered pyroclastics, or could be due to the unique physical properties (e.g., porosity, rock strength/breakdown resistance) of the rocks that make up the red spots.
New parasitoid (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) records of bark beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in pine plantations in Bulgaria
Authors: Belilov Sevdalin , Todorov Ivaylo , Georgieva Margarita , Georgiev Georgi 
Published: September 2023

In 2020 and 2021, chalcidoid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) of bark beetles in pine (Pinus spp.) plantations were studied in Bulgaria. Samples (cuttings of stems and branches) of pine trees infested by bark beetles were collected from seven plantations of Pinus sylvestris and P. nigra in Bulgaria. From each sampling plot, five cuttings were collected and placed in photoeclectors in laboratory conditions (18-22ºC). Emerged bark beetles and parasitoids were regularly gathered and fixed in ethanol.
Six parasitoid species - Dinotiscus colon, Metacolus azureus, M. unifasciatus, Rhopalicus quadratus, R. tutela (Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae) and Heydenia pretiosa (Chalcidoidea, Heydeniidae) were reared from five bark beetle hosts (Ips acuminatus, Pityogenes bistridentatus, Pityophthorus pityographus, Tomicus piniperda and T. minor). Amongst them, three species (H. pretiosa, M. azureus and R. quadratus) are recorded as new for Bulgarian fauna.
De la glorification de la machine à l’« hyperformance » : le comptable au prisme de la publicité
Authors: Bournel Benjamin , Rocher Sébastien 
Published: September 2023

À partir d’une analyse des métaphores visuelles présentes dans les publicités s’adressant aux praticiens comptables issues de la Revue Française de Comptabilité de 1955 à 2020, cette étude met en lumière les évolutions de l’image du comptable. Il apparaît que le comptable est passé du glorificateur de la machine, vue comme divine dans les années 1950 et 1960, à l’expert dans les années 1980, puis à l’homme libéré dans les années 2000, et enfin au superhéros doté de pouvoirs et de compétences supérieurs et au mutant ayant évolué grâce à la machine depuis la fin des années 2000. Ces résultats complètent les travaux sur l’image du comptable diffusée dans la publicité par l’identification de la métaphore récente du surhumain, renvoyant à une logique « d’hyperformance » dans la profession comptable.
L’enseignement de la blockchain pour les étudiants en comptabilité : état des lieux et leçons issues du Top 50 mondial des universités.
Authors: Desplebin Olivier , Lux Gulliver , Petit Nicolas 
Published: September 2023

La Blockchain est présentée comme une technologie disruptive en comptabilité, mais les applications concrètes tardent à se développer et à se généraliser. Une raison probable est le niveau de formation des professionnels à cette innovation, ce qui conduit à questionner comment s’enseigne la blockchain dans les universités. Cette recherche étudie les curricula des universités du Top 50 mondial (classement de Shanghai). Il apparaît cinq axes de cours : 1) approche métier ; 2) approche double ou triple compétence ; 3) approche entrepreneuriat et développement des affaires ; 4) approche sectorielle ; 5) approche critique et holistique. Nous discutons ces résultats au prisme des théories sociales, et proposons des curricula -types pour chacun de ces axes de cours.
Le management à distance est-il un remède à l’ennui du télétravail ? Une étude exploratoire auprès de « néo-télétravailleurs »
Authors: Monnier Alice , Laborie Clara , Abord de Chatillon Emmanuel , Lacroux Alain , Martin-Lacroux Christelle 
Published: September 2023

La crise sanitaire a entraîné un recours massif au télétravail, forme d’organisation du travail auparavant très minoritaire et circonscrite à certaines catégories de salariés (principalement les cadres). Le télétravail implique aujourd’hui tout type de salariés, dont ceux soumis à un contrôle managérial plus serré. Dans ce contexte d’isolement, cette forme de travail peut conduire à développer un sentiment d’ennui, dont les conséquences organisationnelles peuvent s’avérer délétères. Face à cette situation, le manager se trouve donc face à une difficulté nouvelle : comment manager à distance ses subordonnés pour limiter l’ennui qui peut être associé à cette nouvelle situation de travail. Pour explorer ce lien entre les pratiques managériales et l’ennui en situation de télétravail, nous avons mené une enquête par questionnaire auprès d’un échantillon mixte de salariés occupant des postes d’employés dans une organisation de Sécurité Sociale (1 090 salariés en télétravail et en 240 en présentiel). Nos résultats auprès du sous-échantillon de « néo-télétravailleurs », constitué de salariés d’exécution dont le passage au télétravail a été imposé, montrent que la qualité perçue du management influe de manière significative sur l’ennui au travail dans le cas des télétravailleurs, mais que cette influence est médiatisée par le bien-être global au travail. Une comparaison menée avec le sous-échantillon de salariés ayant continué à travailler en présentiel dans la même organisation nous permet de conclure à de fortes similitudes concernant les perceptions et attitudes des télétravailleurs et des salariés en présentiel. Cette étude invite à repenser les pratiques de management spécifiques au télétravail tout en montrant que finalement les télétravailleurs ne constituent pas une catégorie de salariés à part, du point de vue de leurs perceptions.