bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal dendritic cells influence fetal allograft response following murine in-utero hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kandasamy Karthikeyan , Johana Nuryanti Binti , Tan Lay Geok , Tan Yvonne , Yeo Julie Su Li , Yusof Nur Nazneen Binte , Li Zhihui , Koh Jiayu , Ginhoux Florent , Chan Jerry K. Y. , Choolani Mahesh , Mattar Citra N. Z. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Intrauterine hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (IUT), potentially curative in congenital haematological disease, is often inhibited by deleterious immune responses to donor cells resulting in subtherapeutic donor cell chimerism (DCC). Microchimerism of maternal immune cells (MMc) trafficked into transplanted recipients across the placenta may directly influence donor-specific alloresponsiveness, limiting DCC. We hypothesized that dendritic cells (DC) among trafficked MMc influence the development of tolerogenic or immunogenic responses towards donor cells, and investigated if maternal DC-depletion reduced recipient alloresponsiveness and enhanced DCC.

Methods
Using transgenic CD11c.DTR (C57BL/6) female mice enabled transient maternal DC-depletion with a single dose of diphtheria toxin (DT). CD11c.DTR females and BALB/c males were cross-mated, producing hybrid pups. IUT was performed at E14 following maternal DT administration 24 h prior. Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were transplanted, obtained from semi-allogenic BALB/c (paternal-derived; pIUT), C57BL/6 (maternal-derived; mIUT), or fully allogenic (aIUT) C3H donor mice. Recipient F1 pups were analyzed for DCC, while maternal and IUT-recipient immune cell profile and reactivity were examined via mixed lymphocyte reactivity functional assays. T- and B-cell receptor repertoire diversity in maternal and recipient cells were examined following donor cell exposure.

Results
DCC was highest and MMc was lowest following pIUT. In contrast, aIUT recipients had the lowest DCC and the highest MMc. In groups that were not DC-depleted, maternal cells trafficked post-IUT displayed reduced TCR & BCR clonotype diversity, while clonotype diversity was restored when dams were DC-depleted. Additionally, recipients displayed increased expression of regulatory T-cells and immune-inhibitory proteins, with reduced proinflammatory cytokine and donor-specific antibody production. DC-depletion did not impact initial donor chimerism. Postnatal transplantation without immunosuppression of paternal donor cells did not increase DCC in pIUT recipients; however there were no donor-specific antibody production or immune cell changes.

Conclusions
Though maternal DC depletion did not improve DCC, we show for the first time that MMc influences donor-specific alloresponsiveness, possibly by expanding alloreactive clonotypes, and depleting maternal DC promotes and maintains acquired tolerance to donor cells independent of DCC, presenting a novel approach to enhancing donor cell tolerance following IUT. This may have value when planning repeat HSC transplantations to treat haemoglobinopathies.
Effects of plastic film mulching and legume rotation on soil nutrients and microbial communities in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Shi Mingfu , Guo Aixia , Kang Yichen , Yang Xinyu , Zhang Weina , Liu Yuhui , Zhang Ruyan , Wang Yong , Qin Shuhao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) continuous cropping causes the decrease of tuber yield, deterioration of quality and soil degradation in the semi-arid area. These negative effects can generally be mitigated by legume rotation and mulching. However, little is known about how can mulching and legume rotation alleviate the above damage through altering soil environment.

Methods
A field experiment was conducted to investigate changes in soil properties and microbial community in response to legume rotation and mulching under six planting patterns: potato continuous cropping without film mulching (PC), potato continuous cropping with film mulching (PCF), potato–broad bean rotation without film mulching (R1), potato–broad bean rotation with film mulching (R1F), potato–pea rotation without film mulching (R2) and potato–pea rotation with film mulching (R2F).

Results
Compared with the PC, the R1F and R2F had significantly enhanced the contents of alkaline nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN), but reduced soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC). The Shannon index of fungi in R1F and R2 was significantly higher than other treatments. The dominant bacterial and fungal phyla of each treatment was Proteobacteria and Ascomycota. R1, R1F, R2 and R2F enhanced the relative abundance of metabolic fungi and altered key differential microbial species. Soil EC, AN and AK were major factors influencing the soil bacterial and fungal communities.

Conclusion
Overall, the study demonstrated that potato-broad bean/pea rotation with mulching can be adopted as the preferred cropping systems to alleviate potato continuous cropping obstacles through enhancing soil fertility and regulating soil microbial communities in the semi-arid of Loess Plateau, China.

Graphical Abstract
Highlights on Cell-Penetrating Peptides and Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticle: Overview and Therapeutic Applications for Targeted Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Bangera Pragathi Devanand , Kara Divya Dhatri , Tanvi Katikala , Tippavajhala Vamshi Krishna , Rathnanand Mahalaxmi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLHNs) have been widely used as a vehicle for carrying anticancer owing to its unique framework of polymer and lipid combining and giving the maximum advantages over the lipid and polymer nanoparticle drug delivery system. Surface modification of PLHNs aids in improved targeting and active delivery of the encapsulated drug. Therefore, surface modification of the PLHNs with the cell-penetrating peptide is explored by many researchers and is explained in this review. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are made up of few amino acid sequence and act by disrupting the cell membrane and transferring the cargos into the cell. Ideally, we can say that CPPs are peptide chains which are cell specific and are biocompatible, noninvasive type of delivery vehicle which can transport siRNA, protein, peptides, macromolecules, pDNA, etc. into the cell effectively. Therefore, this review focuses on the structure, type, and method of preparation of PLHNs also about the uptake mechanism of CPPs and concludes with the therapeutic application of PLHNs surface modified with the CPPs and their theranostics.

Graphical Abstract
Glucocorticoid Receptors Drive Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Metabolic Reprogramming via PDK4
Authors: Dwyer Amy R , Perez Kerkvliet Carlos , Truong Thu H , Hagen Kyla M , Krutilina Raisa I , Parke Deanna N , Oakley Robert H , Liddle Christopher , Cidlowski John A , Seagroves Tiffany N , Lange Carol A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Corticosteroids act on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR; NR3C1) to resolve inflammation and are routinely prescribed to breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment to alleviate side effects. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) account for 15% to 20% of diagnoses and lack expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors as well as amplified HER2, but they often express high GR levels. GR is a mediator of TNBC progression to advanced metastatic disease; however, the mechanisms underpinning this transition to more aggressive behavior remain elusive. We previously showed that tissue/cellular stress (hypoxia, chemotherapies) as well as factors in the tumor microenvironment (transforming growth factor β [TGF-β], hepatocyte growth factor [HGF]) activate p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which phosphorylates GR on Ser134. In the absence of ligand, pSer134-GR further upregulates genes important for responses to cellular stress, including key components of the p38 MAPK pathway. Herein, we show that pSer134-GR is required for TNBC metastatic colonization to the lungs of female mice. To understand the mechanisms of pSer134-GR action in the presence of GR agonists, we examined glucocorticoid-driven transcriptomes in CRISPR knock-in models of TNBC cells expressing wild-type or phospho-mutant (S134A) GR. We identified dexamethasone- and pSer134-GR-dependent regulation of specific gene sets controlling TNBC migration (NEDD9, CSF1, RUNX3) and metabolic adaptation (PDK4, PGK1, PFKFB4). TNBC cells harboring S134A-GR displayed metabolic reprogramming that was phenocopied by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) knockdown. PDK4 knockdown or chemical inhibition also blocked cancer cell migration. Our results reveal a convergence of GR agonists (ie, host stress) with cellular stress signaling whereby pSer134-GR critically regulates TNBC metabolism, an exploitable target for the treatment of this deadly disease.
The Acute Effects of Exercise on Saliva-Derived Regional Mitochondrial DNA from Trained Runners
Authors: McGlynn Mark L. , Rosales Alejandro M. , Collins Christopher W. , Slivka Dustin R. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
Research has identified two regions within mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA), which seem to be more (major arc; mtMAJ) and less (minor arc; mtMIN) prone to oxidation and mtDNA lesion formation. Oxidation of mtDNA base pairs can result in reduced copy number and has been linked to chronic diseases. Interestingly, exercise can also induce acute copy number reductions; however, in a healthy population, there seems to be a restorative effect (i.e., gaining mtDNA copy numbers) that occurs within a couple of hours to days after exercise. Few have investigated these regional mtDNA changes in trained runners (>90th fitness percentile). Typical mtDNA procedures are invasive and inconvenient, requiring muscle biopsies, and/or blood draws; therefore, a simpler, less invasive method of specimen collection is appealing. The purpose of this study was to examine how salivary-derived molecular (mtMAJ and mtMIN), hormonal (cortisol), and oxidative (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) markers change after acute exercise.

Methods
Trained runners (n = 7; 52 ± 12 miles·wk−1 run in the past year; 28.8 ± 3.3 yr old; height, 1.76 ± 0.07 m; weight, 67.9 ± 11.3 kg; maximum oxygen consumption, 62.4 ± 5.7 mL·kg−1·min−1) completed a 60-min treadmill run at 70% peak oxygen consumption. Saliva samples were collected before exercise, 30 min after exercise (30Post), and 6 h after exercise (6hPost) and analyzed for changes in regional mtDNA via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and stress (cortisol and 8-OHdG) markers using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results
mtMIN copy number decreased 30Post (−44.5%, P = 0.04) and 6hPost (−45.3% P = 0.03), but mtMAJ copy numbers were unchanged after exercise (P = 0.44). Neither of the stress-related saliva biomarkers changed after exercise (cortisol, P = 0.13; 8-OHdG, P = 0.77).

Conclusions
Saliva-derived DNA findings point to mtMIN, supposedly the more stable of the two regions, as a greater contributor to copy number reductions within our cohort of trained runners. These results contribute to the understanding of aerobic exercise’s influence over saliva-derived, regional mtDNA dynamics.
ENISA: 5G design and architecture of global mobile networks; threats, risks, vulnerabilities; cybersecurity considerations
Authors: Paskauskas R. Andrew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract —The literature on 5G design and architecture numbers in the hundreds of thousands, which makes analyzing this vast corpus of technical knowledge impossible within the scope of a single article. A rigorous literature scan has revealed investigations of various specific 5G components, or specific aspects of 5G design, architecture, or security, but none that are comprehensive in scope, encompassing all of the aforementioned categories, or that take into account the associated vulnerabilities, threats and risks to the basic 5G infrastructure. In this sense the 5G framework advocated by The European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) in its comprehensive report is singular in relation to the extensive literature associated with the 5G domain and the fragmented character of scientific reporting related to 5G technology. It is the purpose of this article to go beyond the existing literature and examine in depth the details of the ENISA 5G Threat Landscape Report and reveal ENISA’s painstaking efforts to stand out among other leading-edge players in the 5G arena and achieve its strategic aims of integrating cybersecurity considerations with threats, risks, and vulnerabilities into an architecture of 5G right from the start of the design and development process. In formulating such a framework, ENISA has set the stage for standardization of cybersecurity considerations in relation to 5G design and architecture that may be considered a first approximation towards best practice in the field. ENISA’s role in the European Union as a leader in setting the pace of development of 5G networks is acknowledged in EU’s legislation and its directives. Significantly, its strategic direction targets future implementations of 5G networks by vendors, operators, and practitioners. This should equip EU with the necessary resilience to withstand hybrid threat onslaughts on its Pan-European network, a topic to be dealt with in full in a follow-on paper.
Scaling comb-driven resonator-based DWDM silicon photonic links to multi-Tb/s in the multi-FSR regime
Authors: James Aneek , Novick Asher , Rizzo Anthony , Parsons Robert , Jang Kaylx , Hattink Maarten , Bergman Keren 
Published: May 2023

The use of chip-based micro-resonator Kerr frequency combs in conjunction with dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) enables massively parallel intensity-modulated direct-detection data transmission with low energy consumption. Resonator-based modulators and filters used in such systems can limit the number of usable wavelength channels due to practical constraints on the maximum achievable free spectral range (FSR). In this work, we introduce the design of multi-Tb/s comb-driven resonator-based silicon photonic links by leveraging the multi-FSR regime. We demonstrate the viability of the link architecture with yield estimates that are supported by extensive wafer-scale measurements of 704 micro-resonators fabricated in a commercial complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor foundry. We show that a 2.80 Tb/s link is realizable with a ≥6σ yield (∼99.999%), and that aggregate bandwidths of 3.76 Tb/s and 4.72 Tb/s are possible if yield targets are relaxed (3σ and 1σ, respectively). All designs represent a 1.94−3.28× boost to aggregate link bandwidth while maintaining BER≤10−10 performance, with a theoretical bandwidth of 10.51 Tb/s being possible for sufficiently robust resonators. We use high-speed BER measurements to inform co-optimization of data rate and aggressor spacing (λag), limiting any additional loss-based power penalties to off-resonance insertion loss (IL) and routing loss. This work demonstrates that, through the multi-FSR regime, there is a clear path toward Kerr comb-driven ultra-broadband, high bandwidth silicon photonic links that can support next-generation data centers and high-performance computers.
Acute clinical and financial outcomes of esophagectomy at safety-net hospitals in the United States
Authors: Sakowitz Sara , Mabeza Russyan Mark , Bakhtiyar Syed Shahyan , Verma Arjun , Ebrahimian Shayan , Vadlakonda Amulya , Revels Sha’shonda , Benharash Peyman 
Published: May 2023

Background
While safety-net hospitals (SNH) play a critical role in the care of underserved communities, they have been associated with inferior postoperative outcomes. This study evaluated the association of hospital safety-net status with clinical and financial outcomes following esophagectomy.

Methods
All adults (≥18 years) undergoing elective esophagectomy for benign and malignant gastroesophageal disease were identified in the 2010–2019 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Centers in the highest quartile for the proportion of uninsured/Medicaid patients were classified as SNH (others: non-SNH). Regression models were developed to evaluate adjusted associations between SNH status and outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, perioperative complications, and resource use. Royston-Parmar flexible parametric models were used to assess time-varying hazard of non-elective readmission over 90 days.

Results
Of an estimated 51,649 esophagectomy hospitalizations, 9,024 (17.4%) were performed at SNH. While SNH patients less frequently suffered from gastroesophageal malignancies (73.2 vs 79.6%, p<0.001) compared to non-SNH, the distribution of age and comorbidities were similar. SNH was independently associated with mortality (AOR 1.24, 95% CI 1.03–1.50), intraoperative complications (AOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.20–1.74) and need for blood transfusions (AOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.35–1.93). Management at SNH was also associated with incremental increases in LOS (+1.37, 95% CI 0.64–2.10), costs (+10,400, 95% CI 6,900–14,000), and odds of 90-day non-elective readmission (AOR 1.11, 95% CI 1.00–1.23).

Conclusions
Care at safety-net hospitals was associated with higher odds of in-hospital mortality, perioperative complications, and non-elective rehospitalization following elective esophagectomy. Efforts to provide sufficient resources at SNH may serve to reduce complications and overall costs for this procedure.
Deployed Veterans exhibit distinct respiratory patterns and greater dyspnea during maximal cardiopulmonary exercise: A case-control study
Authors: Alexander Thomas , Watson Matthew A. , Klein-Adams Jacquelyn C. , Ndirangu Duncan S. , Serrador Jorge M. , Falvo Michael J. , Lindheimer Jacob B. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Exertional dyspnea and exercise intolerance are frequently endorsed in Veterans of post 9/11 conflicts in Southwest Asia (SWA). Studying the dynamic behavior of ventilation during exercise may provide mechanistic insight into these symptoms. Using maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to experimentally induce exertional symptoms, we aimed to identify potential physiological differences between deployed Veterans and non-deployed controls.

Materials and methods
Deployed (n = 31) and non-deployed (n = 17) participants performed a maximal effort CPET via the Bruce treadmill protocol. Indirect calorimetry and perceptual rating scales were used to measure rate of oxygen consumption (V˙O2), rate of carbon dioxide production (V˙CO2), respiratory frequency (f R), tidal volume (VT), minute ventilation (V˙E), heart rate (HR), perceived exertion (RPE; 6–20 scale), and dyspnea (Borg Breathlessness Scale; 0–10 scale). A repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) model (2 groups: deployed vs non-deployed X 6 timepoints: 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% V˙O2peak) was conducted for participants meeting valid effort criteria (deployed = 25; non-deployed = 11).

Results
Significant group (η2partial = 0.26) and interaction (η2partial = 0.10) effects were observed such that deployed Veterans exhibited reduced f R and a greater change over time relative to non-deployed controls. There was also a significant group effect for dyspnea ratings (η2partial = 0.18) showing higher values in deployed participants. Exploratory correlational analyses revealed significant associations between dyspnea ratings and fR at 80% (R2 = 0.34) and 100% (R2 = 0.17) of V˙O2peak, but only in deployed Veterans.

Conclusion
Relative to non-deployed controls, Veterans deployed to SWA exhibited reduced fR and greater dyspnea during maximal exercise. Further, associations between these parameters occurred only in deployed Veterans. These findings support an association between SWA deployment and affected respiratory health, and also highlight the utility of CPET in the clinical evaluation of deployment-related dyspnea in Veterans.
A systematic review of the protein composition of whole saliva in subjects with healthy periodontium compared with chronic periodontitis
Authors: Sánchez-Medrano Ana G. , Martinez-Martinez Rita E. , Soria-Guerra Ruth , Portales-Perez Diana , Bach Horacio , Martinez-Gutierrez Fidel 
Published: May 2023

Context
Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease linked to oral microbiota dysbiosis. This disease progresses to infection that stimulates a host immune/inflammatory response, with progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting structures.

Objective
This systematic review aims to present a robust critical evaluation of the evidence of salivary protein profiles for identifying oral diseases using proteomic approaches and summarize the use of these approaches to diagnose chronic periodontitis.

Data sources
A systematic literature search was conducted from January 1st, 2010, to December 1st, 2022, based on PICO criteria following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and by searching the three databases Science Direct, Scopus, and Springer Link.

Study selection
According to the inclusion criteria, eight studies were identified to analyze the proteins identified by proteomics.

Results
The protein family S100 was identified as the most abundant in patients with chronic periodontitis. In this family, an increased abundance of S100A8 and S100A9 from individuals with the active disease was observed, which strongly relates to the inflammatory response. Moreover, the ratio S100A8/S100A9 and the metalloproteinase-8 in saliva could differentiate distinct periodontitis groups. The changes in protein profile after non-surgical periodontal therapy improved the health of the buccal area. The results of this systematic review identified a set of proteins that could be used as a complementary tool for periodontitis diagnosis using salivary proteins.

Conclusion
Biomarkers in saliva can be used to monitor an early stage of periodontitis and the progression of the disease following therapy.
Social protection and adaptation to climate change in Nigeria: Challenges and prospects
Authors: Anugwom Kenechukwu N. , Anugwon Edlyne E. 
Published: May 2023

Depending on the desk review of cogent extant literature and documents, the paper interrogates the relevance and legitimacy of social protection as climate change adaptation mechanism in a developing society like Nigeria. Situated against the undoubted threat of climate change in the country, the paper advances the argument that social protection remains a key adaptation tool especially for poor, rural and agricultural households. Based on the above, it critiques existing attempts at social protection in Nigeria and makes a case for multiple strategies and multi-sectoral approaches to climate change adaptation with social protection in the core. While social protection may be a universal climate change response, the paper argues for its contextualization in the case of Nigeria to achieve socio-cultural sensitivity and more crucially adapt it to extant norms, values and practices in the society. Therefore, there is need to mainstream climate change issues including social protection into policies and regulations as well as incorporating the views and perspectives of the vulnerable into these. In addition, such policies and programmes should be informed by the local knowledge and practices of groups in the society. The paper concludes that with the infusion of the above, social protection could overcome structural challenges in Nigeria and emerge as an attractive adaptation option to climate change.