bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint species distribution models unveil co‐occurrences between freshwater mussels and their fish hosts
Authors: da Silva Janine P. , Gonçalves Duarte Vasconcelos , Garcia‐Raventós Aina , Lopes‐Lima Manuel , Varandas Simone , Froufe Elsa , Teixeira Amílcar , Hui Francis K. C. , Filipe Ana Filipa , Sousa Ronaldo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimFreshwater mussels are among the most threatened taxa in the world, partially due to the dependence on fish hosts to complete their life cycle. Knowledge about the role of environmental and biotic drivers in determining mussels' distribution is currently lacking. We aimed to assess the role of environmental and biotic drivers in determining the distribution of mussels and their fish hosts and to test if co‐occurrence patterns were able to identify mussel‐host interactions.LocationDouro River basin (Iberian Peninsula).TaxonFour freshwater mussels and ten fish hosts.MethodsJoint species distribution models (JSDMs) were fitted to presence‐absence records for mussel and fish assemblages. Variance partitioning among environmental variables and latent variables was conducted to determine the environmental versus biotic drivers of species distributions. Resulting matrices of pairwise species co‐occurrences were used to identify co‐occurrence patterns.ResultsThe distribution of host generalist mussel species was mainly explained by environmental variables related to climate and topography. The distribution of the host specialist Margaritifera margaritifera was mainly explained by land use. Strong positive correlations between mussels and the most relevant fish hosts were consistently captured by JSDMs. Co‐occurrence patterns were mainly explained by residual factors, indicating the potential role of biotic interactions.Main ConclusionsBiotic interactions were expected to play an important role in explaining mussels' distribution, but the contribution of this factor was only meaningful for the host specialist M. margaritifera. Correlations between mussels and suitable hosts allowed to infer important fish hosts for freshwater mussels in the Douro River basin from distributional data alone. By finding similarities between the ecological requirements of co‐occurring species, conservation measures can be oriented towards several species, which brings a more holistic perspective to the protection of biodiversity.
Effect of periodontal phenotype characteristics on post‐extraction dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge: A prospective case series
Authors: Couso‐Queiruga Emilio , Graham Zachary A. , Peter Tabitha , Gonzalez‐Martin Oscar , Galindo‐Moreno Pablo , Avila‐Ortiz Gustavo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study was primarily aimed at assessing the effect that specific periodontal phenotypical characteristics have on alveolar ridge remodelling after tooth extraction.Materials and MethodsPatients in need of extraction of a non‐molar maxillary tooth were enrolled. Baseline phenotypical characteristics (i.e., mid‐facial and mid‐palatal soft tissue and bone thickness, and supracrestal soft tissue height [STH]) were recorded upon extraction. A set of clinical, digital imaging (linear and volumetric), and patient‐reported outcomes were assessed over a 14‐week healing period.ResultsA total of 78 subjects were screened. Forty‐two subjects completed the study. Linear and volumetric bone changes, as well as vertical linear soft tissue and alveolar ridge volume (soft tissue contour) variations, were indicative of a marked dimensional reduction of the alveolar ridge over time. Horizontal facial and palatal soft tissue thickness gain was observed. Thin facial bone (≤1 mm) upon extraction, compared with thick facial bone (>1 mm), was associated with greater linear horizontal (−4.57 ± 2.31 mm vs. –2.17 ± 1.65 mm, p = .003) and vertical mid‐facial (−0.95 ± 0.67 mm vs. –4.08 ± 3.52 mm, p < 0.001) and mid‐palatal (−2.03 ± 2.08 mm vs. –1.12 ± 0.99 mm, p = 0.027) bone loss, as well as greater total (−34% ± 10% vs. 15% ± 6%, p < 0.001), facial (−51% ± 19% vs. 28% ± 18%, p = 0.040), and palatal bone volume reduction (−26% ± 14% vs. –8% ± 10%, p < 0.001). Aside from alveolar bone thickness, STH was also found to be a predictor of alveolar ridge resorption since this variable was directly correlated with bone volume reduction. Patient‐reported discomfort scores progressively decreased over time, and the mean satisfaction upon study completion was 94.5 ± 0.83 out of 100.ConclusionsAlveolar ridge remodelling is a physiological phenomenon that occurs after tooth extraction. Post‐extraction alveolar ridge atrophy is more marked on the facio‐coronal aspect. These dimensional changes are more pronounced in sites exhibiting a thin facial bone phenotype (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02668289).
Systematic review of therapies for refractory ulcerative proctitis
Authors: Raja Sreecanth S , Bryant Robert V , Costello Samuel P , Barnett Meghan , Schubert Jonathon , Rayner Chris K 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPatients with ulcerative proctitis have favorable long‐term outcomes but are typically excluded from ulcerative colitis clinical trials. Refractory proctitis presents a management conundrum for gastroenterologists, and there remains a lack of clarity as to the best therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to undertake a systematic review of studies assessing the clinical efficacy and safety of therapies for refractory proctitis. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE databases were searched without restriction from inception to October 27, 2022. Both interventional and noninterventional studies examining efficacy of therapeutic modalities for the induction and/or maintenance of remission in refractory proctitis were included. Included studies were grouped by therapeutic modalities as follows: (i) immunomodulators, (ii) monoclonal antibodies, (iii) topical calcineurin inhibitors, (iv) other topical therapies, and (v) appendicectomy. The search strategy identified 3301 studies, of which 13 met eligibility criteria for inclusion. Clinical remission rates for systemic therapies ranged from 20–26% for azathioprine to 50–69% for tumor necrosis factor‐α inhibitor therapies. The use of systemic therapies for proctitis raised safety concerns, with 22–37% of patients discontinuing therapies due to adverse effects across four retrospective cohort studies. Prospective clinical trials of topically applied tacrolimus demonstrated clinical remission rates of 42–46%, with a favorable safety profile. Substantial heterogeneity in study design precluded meta‐analysis. Refractory ulcerative proctitis remains a neglected entity, with a dearth of prospective clinical trials to guide therapeutic decision‐making. Current evidence supports a role for topically administered tacrolimus.
Multicomponent intervention for frail and pre‐frail older adults with acute cardiovascular conditions: The TARGET‐EFT randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fountotos Rosie , Ahmad Fayeza , Bharaj Neetika , Munir Haroon , Marsala John , Rudski Lawrence G. , Goldfarb Michael , Afilalo Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHospitalization for cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be complicated by hospital‐acquired disability (HAD) and subsequently poor health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). While frailty has been shown to be a risk factor, it has yet to be studied as a therapeutic target to improve outcomes.ObjectivesThis trial sought to determine the effects of an in‐hospital multicomponent intervention targeting physical weakness, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, and anemia on patient‐centered outcomes compared to usual care.MethodsA single‐center parallel‐group randomized clinical trial was conducted in older patients with acute CVD and evidence of frailty or pre‐frailty as measured by the Essential Frailty Toolset (EFT). Patients were randomized to usual care or a multicomponent intervention. Outcomes were HRQOL (EQ‐5D‐5L score) and disability (Older Americans Resources and Services score) at 30 days post‐discharge and mood disturbances (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) at discharge.ResultsThe trial cohort consisted of 142 patients with a mean age of 79.5 years and 55% females. The primary diagnosis was heart failure in 29%, valvular heart disease in 28%, ischemic heart disease in 14%, arrhythmia in 11%, and other CVDs in 18%. The intervention improved HRQOL scores (coefficient 0.08; 95% CI 0.01, 0.15; p = 0.03) and mood scores (coefficient −1.95; 95% CI −3.82, −0.09; p = 0.04) but not disability scores (coefficient 0.18; 95% CI −1.44, 1.81; p = 0.82). There were no intervention‐related adverse events.ConclusionIn frail older patients hospitalized for acute CVDs, an in‐hospital multicomponent intervention targeted to frailty was safe and led to modest yet clinically meaningful improvements in HRQOL and mental well‐being. The downstream impact of these effects on event‐free survival and functional status remains to be evaluated in future research, as does the generalizability to other healthcare systems.Clinical registration number: NCT04291690.
A cross‐sectional study of the association between periodontitis and physical activity in the Japanese population
Authors: Iwasaki Masanori , Yoshihara Akihiro , Suwama Kana , Zaitsu Takashi , Suzuki Seitaro , Ihira Hikaru , Sawada Norie , Aida Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether physical activity (PA) is associated with periodontitis in the Japanese population.BackgroundThe potential association between PA and periodontitis has not been thoroughly investigated in the Japanese population.MethodsWe used cross‐sectional data from the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study for the Next‐Generation Oral Health Study. Periodontitis was determined by a full‐mouth periodontal examination. PA was assessed using a validated questionnaire. We performed multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses to assess the association of total PA (the first quintile was set as the reference category) with periodontitis (three categories: no/mild, moderate, and severe), stratified by sex. The associations of periodontitis with domain‐ and intensity‐specific PA were also studied in separate logistic regression models.ResultsThis study included 2160 Japanese adults [1414 women and 746 men; mean (standard deviation) age 58.1 (9.6) years]. After adjusting for potential confounders, total PA was inversely associated with the presence and severity of periodontitis in women. The multivariable‐adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for periodontitis in the second to fifth quintiles (compared with the first quintile) of total PA were 0.81 (0.59–1.12), 0.74 (0.53–1.02), 0.77 (0.55–1.06), and 0.64 (0.46–0.89), respectively (p for trend = .01). We did not find different results when we further investigated the associations of periodontitis with domain‐ and intensity‐specific PA. By contrast, PA was not associated with periodontitis in men.ConclusionTotal PA had an inverse, linear association with the presence and severity of periodontitis in Japanese women but not in Japanese men. Further prospective studies are required to determine the association between PA and periodontitis.
A model‐free approach to continuous‐time finance
Authors: Chiu Henry , Cont Rama 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present a pathwise approach to continuous‐time finance based on causal functional calculus. Our framework does not rely on any probabilistic concept. We introduce a definition of continuous‐time self‐financing portfolios, which does not rely on any integration concept and show that the value of a self‐financing portfolio belongs to a class of nonanticipative functionals, which are pathwise analogs of martingales. We show that if the set of market scenarios is generic in the sense of being stable under certain operations, such self‐financing strategies do not give rise to arbitrage. We then consider the problem of hedging a path‐dependent payoff across a generic set of scenarios. Applying the transition principle of Rufus Isaacs in differential games, we obtain a pathwise dynamic programming principle for the superhedging cost. We show that the superhedging cost is characterized as the solution of a path‐dependent equation. For the Asian option, we obtain an explicit solution.
Application of gender‐ablated semen during timed artificial insemination following oestrous synchronization in dairy and beef cows
Authors: Magopa Thabang Luther , Mphaphathi Masindi Lottus , Mulaudzi Thendo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to compare oestrous synchronization expression and conception rate following timed artificial insemination (TAI) with frozen–thawed X‐sexed or unsexed semen in dairy and beef cows. For this study, 227 cows (dairy, n = 130 and beef, n = 97) were assigned to a 9‐day Ovsynch + controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR) protocol. All cows were TAI using X‐sexed or unsexed semen from 8 sires. Each semen type was obtained from 4 sires [2 dairy (Holstein Friesian) and 2 beef (Angus)]. Pregnancy detection was performed on Days 35, 65 and 95 following TAI by transrectal ultrasonography and hand palpation. The proportion of oestrus expression was higher in dairy (85.3%) cows compared with beef (65.0%) cows (p < .05). Overall, dairy (X‐sexed, 61.9% and unsexed, 62.0%) cows had greater conception rates on Day 35 compared to beef (X‐sexed, 56.0% and unsexed, 52.2%) cows (p < .05). Concurrently, on Day 95, overall conception rates in dairy (X‐sexed, 41.4% and unsexed, 48.5%) cows were greater than beef (X‐sexed, 38.0% and unsexed, 37.0%) cows (p < .05). Pregnancy/embryo losses between Days 35 and 65 in dairy (X‐sexed, 33.3% and unsexed, 18.2%) cows and beef (X‐sexed, 28.6% and unsexed, 29.2%) cows were recorded (p < .05). Dairy (X‐sexed, 7.7% and unsexed, 8.3%) cows had higher incidence of pregnancy losses between Days 66 and 95 when compared to beef (X‐sexed, 5.0% and unsexed, 0.0%) cows (p < .05). Oestrous expression and conception rates in dairy and beef cows were satisfactory. Advanced reproductive biotechnologies can successfully utilize gender‐ablated semen in organized emerging cattle farming systems.
Reproductive performance and progeny sex ratio of female Chukar (Alectoris chukar) breeder partridges reared on restricted feeding regimens
Authors: Nasrollahi Banafsheh , Akhlaghi Amir , Rezvani Mohammad Reza , Jafarzadeh Shirazi Mohammad Reza , Abdollahi Arman , Taghipour Mohsen , Babaei Sedigheh , Peebles Edgar David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA hypothesis was tested that quantitative feed restriction affects the reproductive performance and offspring sex ratio of female Chukar breeder partridges. A total of 160 2.5‐year‐old male and female partridges were randomly allotted to four treatment groups. The birds in the control group were fed ad libitum, whereas those in treatments G95, G90, and G85 received 26.1, 24.7, and 23.3 g of feed per bird/day to provide 95%, 90%, and 85% of ad libitum feeding level, respectively. The reproductive performances of female Chukar partridges including egg production, egg quality, fertility rate, duration of fertility, hatchability, chick quality, mortality rate, and offspring sex ratio (using a PCR procedure) were investigated. Feed restriction of all levels decreased the body weight and egg production compared with the ad libitum birds; however, restricted feeding had no significant effect on the egg quality traits. Non‐significant effects of treatment on fertility and hatchability rate were found. The restricted feeding reduced the duration of fertility. Furthermore, maternal restricted feeding resulted in decreased chick weights. The results of this study showed that embryonic mortality was not affected by the restricted feeding of Chukar breeder partridges. Interestingly, restricted feeding was associated with a decreased proportion of male offspring. Overall, body weight, egg production, duration of fertility, progeny chick weight, and sex ratio were responsive to restricted feeding where their changes make the restricted feeding regimens to not be practically recommended in breeder partridge production. These results are in contrast to the conventional restricted feeding program implemented in broiler breeder industry.
Origin, evolution and systematics of the genusPoecilimon(Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)—An outburst of diversification in the Aegean area
Authors: Borissov Simeon B. , Heller Klaus‐Gerhard , Çıplak Battal , Chobanov Dragan P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOur study focuses on the origin, dispersal patterns, evolutionary strategies and systematics ofPoecilimon, the largest bush‐cricket genus in the Palaearctic with over 150 taxa described. We employ phylogenetic and divergence time estimation analyses based on multilocus sequence data (ND2 + COI + 12 S + 16 S + ITS+28 S), perform ancestral area reconstruction, and track the evolution of behavioural (evolution of sound communication) and morpho‐physiological traits (body size and shape, and spermatophore size) in this genus. Based on our results, we propose a revised systematics ofPoecilimon, including description of a new species,P. nivalissp. n., and hypothesize three stages in the evolution ofPoecilimon. (1) In the early evolution of the genus in Tortonian, when open dry habitats appeared in the Eastern Mediterranean, diversification rates were low and speciation was possibly induced by vicariance and habitat fragmentation; physiology and morphology during this period retained their ancestral states but the evolution of main lineages may have been accompanied by behavioural specializations. (2) Climate cooling and aridification during the Messinian induced dispersals and adaptation to new habitats, followed by physiological and behavioural adaptations; major clades formed or started diversifying. (3) Starting at the end of Messinian and continuing through the Plio‐ and Pleistocene, a few dispersal events from Anatolia to the Balkans took place and climatic oscillations were followed by allo‐ and parapatric divergence of habitat specialists, while ecological adaptations enhanced song diversity and led to morpho‐physiological changes.
Predicting the presence of E. coli in tap water using machine learning in Nepal
Authors: Kuroki So , Ogata Ryuji , Sakamoto Maiko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWithin developing countries, a multitude of problems that affect the water supply process can result in the contamination of water taps. While machine learning applications have become popular for attaining efficient water quality predictions, acquiring the necessary data for modelling for developing countries is challenging. This study constructs water quality prediction models by machine learning with a pseudo‐pipeline network to complement the missing data of the water supply process. Using both water source and water tap quality information measured by the Government of Nepal, we apply the three machine learning models: support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and LightGBM. Furthermore, we also apply a traditional statistical method—logistic regression (LR)—to the prediction of the Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination in water taps. With some input variables (such as the length from the nearest sources) obtained from the pseudo‐pipeline network, the results show that SVM has stable and high accuracy for both the 26 cities (70%) and for the 25 cities except for Kathmandu (79%). LR performed a significantly lower accuracy for all cities (61%) than for 25 cities (79%). Additionally, we show that our method can be applied to other regions where a water quality survey has not yet been conducted.
The last two decades of computer vision technologies in water resource management: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Iqbal Umair , Riaz Muhammad Zain Bin , Barthelemy Johan , Perez Pascal , Idrees Muhammad Bilal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEfficient management of water resources is an important task given the significance of water in daily lives and economic growth. Water resource management is a specific field of study which deals with the efficient management of water resources towards fulfilling the needs of society and preventing from water‐related disasters. Many activities within this domain are getting benefitted with the recent technological advancements. Within many others, computer vision‐based solutions have emerged as disruptive technologies to address complex real‐world problems within the water resource management domain (e.g., flood detection and mapping, satellite‐based water bodies monitoring, monitoring and inspection of hydraulic structures, blockage detection and assessment, drainage inspection and sewer monitoring). However, there are still many aspects within the water resource management domain which can be explored using computer vision technologies. Therefore, it is important to investigate the trends in current research related to these technologies to inform the new researchers in this domain. In this context, this paper presents the bibliometric analysis of the literature from the last two decades where computer vision technologies have been used for addressing problems within the water resource management domain. The analysis is presented in two categories: (a) performance analysis demonstrating highlighted trends in the number of publications, number of citations, top contributing countries, top publishing journals, top contributing institutions and top publishers and (b) science mapping to demonstrate the relation between the bibliographic records based on the co‐occurrence of keywords, co‐authorship analysis, co‐citation analysis and bibliographic coupling analysis. Bibliographic records (i.e., 1059) are exported from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database using a comprehensive query of keywords. VOSviewer opensource tool is used to generate the network and overlay maps for the science mapping of bibliographic records. Results highlighted important trends and valuable insights related to the use of computer vision technologies in water resource management. An increasing trend in the number of publications and focus on deep learning/artificial intelligence (AI)‐based approaches has been reported from the analysis. Further, flood mapping, crack/fracture detection, coastal flood detection, blockage detection and drainage inspections are highlighted as active areas of research.
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition does not improve the acute pressure natriuresis response in rats with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Jones Natalie K. , Costello Hannah M. , Monaghan Marie‐Louise T. , Stewart Kevin , Binnie David , Marks Joanne , Bailey Matthew A. , Culshaw Geoffrey J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) leads to serious complications including premature cardiovascular and kidney disease. Hypertension contributes importantly to these adverse outcomes. The renal pressure natriuresis (PN) response, a key regulator of blood pressure (BP), is impaired in rats with T1DM as tubular sodium reabsorption fails to down‐regulate with increasing BP. We hypothesised that sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which reduce cardiovascular risk in kidney disease, would augment the PN response in T1DM rats. Non‐diabetic or T1DM (35–50 mg/kg streptozotocin i.p.) adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were anaesthetised (thiopental 50 mg/kg i.p.) and randomised to receive either dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg i.v.) or vehicle. Baseline sodium excretion was measured and then BP was increased by sequential arterial ligations to induce the PN response. In non‐diabetic animals, the natriuretic and diuretic responses to increasing BP were not augmented by dapagliflozin. Dapagliflozin induced glycosuria, but this was not influenced by BP. In T1DM rats the PN response was impaired. Dapagliflozin again increased urinary glucose excretion but did not enhance PN. Inhibition of SGLT2 does not enhance the PN response in rats, either with or without T1DM. SGLT2 makes only a minor contribution to tubular sodium reabsorption and does not contribute to the impaired PN response in T1DM.