bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strengthening of Sri Lanka summer monsoon rainfall with rapid Arabian Sea warming
Authors: Kajakokulan Pathmarasa , Warnasooriya Anusha , Pathirana Gayan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that rapid sea surface temperature (SST) warming in the tropical Indian Ocean (IO) significantly modulates the summer monsoon rainfall (SMR) over India. However, it remains unclear how the IO SST warming affects the SMR in Sri Lanka (SL). Therefore, based on observations and reanalysis data, this study investigates the impact of IO warming on SMR variability in the wet‐zone of SL during 2001–2020. The results revealed that the SMR (May–September) in SL's wet zone is increasing and is associated with rapid SST warming in the Arabian Sea during the summer monsoon. Although it is reported that the SMR may decrease over India due to the weakening of land‐sea thermal gradient in summer associated with IO warming, the rapid warming of the AS appears to enhance the SMR in the wet zone of SL. The warming of the AS during summer strengthened the low‐level easterlies, favouring moisture convergence and convection over SL, which enhanced the SMR of the wet zone of SL.
Adsorption of Congo red dye using metal oxide nano‐adsorbents: Past, present, and future perspective
Authors: Patil Yogita , Attarde Sanjay , Dhake Rajesh , Fegade Umesh , Alaghaz Abdel‐Nasser M. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe latest developments in the adsorption of organic dyes by adsorbents (metal oxides, modified metal oxides) were addressed in this review study. The main goal of this paper is to sort out the dispersion information of adsorbent materials, which are often employed in organic dye adsorption. The review dedicated to the specific dyes adsorption using various adsorbent (metal oxides, modified metal oxides). The review covers the adsorption process including parameters, kinetics, and isotherms. The review gives the brief information of Congo red (CR) adsorption using metal oxide nano‐adsorbents which provide readers with massive dye specific collection. For the first time, several metal‐doped materials that absorb organic dyes are summarized and addressed. The review includes adsorption of organic dyes using single metal oxide, bimetallic oxide, trimetallic oxide, and modified metal oxide. This study also summarized the effects of critical factors such as pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and temperature on dye adsorption utilizing metal oxide nano‐adsorbents. In addition, the kinetic and applied isotherm models have been discussed. Finally, a few recommendations are made for further research on adsorbent materials.
A new 532 nm, variable‐pulse‐structure, dual‐wavelength, KTP laser incorporating cryogen spray cooling, effectively treats rosacea
Authors: Bernstein Eric F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundA new dual‐wavelength, high‐energy, solid‐state laser incorporating both 532 and 1064 nm wavelengths was developed with cryogen spray cooling and the unique ability to deliver three types of pulse structures including single pulses of a specific pulse‐duration or pulses composed of a train of subpulses in the millisecond or microsecond domain with an intervening delay over the selected pulse‐duration. We investigate the efficacy of this laser using all three pulse structures and the 532 nm wavelength for treating rosacea.MethodsTwenty‐one subjects were enrolled in this IRB‐approved study. A total of up to three treatments were administered at monthly intervals. Each treatment consisted of a first pass tracing linear vessels with a 40 ms pulse‐duration immediately followed by a second pass using a 5 ms pulse, using all three available pulse structures. Assessment of cross‐polarized digital images by blinded physician observers compared baseline and 3‐month follow‐up images.ResultsBlinded observers correctly identified the posttreatment images 89% of the time, in 17 of 19 subjects completing the study, with an average overall improvement rating of 39% after only three treatments. Side effects were limited to short‐term erythema and edema.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that this new, variable‐pulse‐structure, dual wavelength, solid state, KTP laser with dynamic cooling is a safe and effective for treating rosacea.
Does (customer data) size matter? Generating valuable customer insights with less customer relationship risk
Authors: Plangger Kirk , Marder Ben , Montecchi Matteo , Watson Richard , Pitt Leyland 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCustomer surveillance is a pervasive marketing practice that involves the collection, usage, and storage of customers' data from transactions, loyalty programs, and social media. Customer data are valuable to firms in gaining or maintaining an edge over competitors by developing superior customer insights that may assist product or service innovations. However, customer surveillance practices also risk customer relationships by potentially activating privacy and data security concerns. This article explores customer insight strategies that focus customer surveillance by assessing the insight value of data sources to avoid unnecessary data collection and capture. Three prediction experiments show that three distinct data source attributes, namely data quantity, data detail, and data content, are diagnostic of the prediction accuracy of customer psychographic characteristics and behavioral intentions. By demonstrating that customer insights are more (or less) valuable when derived from different data sources, this article shows that “more” data is not necessarily better. We advocate a smarter approach to customer surveillance practices that are selective in choosing to capture customer data that can yield more accurate customer insights while reducing the risk of jeopardizing customer relationships.
Coverage of radial forearm free flap donor site defect using another free flap
Authors: Lee Jong‐Koo , Lee Kyeong‐Tae 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDonor site defects following the radial forearm flap (RFF) harvest have been usually covered with skin grafting, which often lead to suboptimal outcomes and donor morbidities, including delayed healing and scar contractures. The present report aimed to evaluate the outcomes of using another free flap, the domino flap, for coverage of donor site defects following RFFF harvest.MethodsFive patients (two males and three females) who underwent coverage of donor defects of RFFF using another free flap between 2019 and 2021 were reviewed. Their mean age was 74 years and the mean dimension of the defect of the RFF donor site was 8.7 × 5.6 cm. Four patients used an anterolateral thigh flap and one used a superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap.ResultsThe mean size of the domino flaps were 12.2 × 5.8 cm. Distal stumps of radial vessels adopting retrograde flow were used as recipients in four cases, and proximal ones adopting anterograde in one. The donor site of the domino flaps was primarily closed. All patients recovered well without any postoperative complications. Aesthetically pleasing outcomes with no functional impairment related to scar contractures were observed in the donor site of RFF during the mean follow‐up of 15.7 months.ConclusionsUse of another free flap for coverage of RFFF donor defects may provide rapid wound healing and satisfactory outcomes, and may be considered an alternative option in cases with large‐sized defects that are expected to take a long time to achieve complete healing with skin grafting.
The free Thenar flap for thumb pulp reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Faderani Ryan , Mann Ahdam , Kokkinos Constantinos , Nikkhah Dariush 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe thumb is acknowledged to contribute significantly to hand function, accounting for up to 40% of its overall capability. Consequently, injuries affecting the thumb can have a profound impact on the quality of life experienced by patients. When it comes to the surgical reconstruction of thumb injuries, the primary objective is to promptly provide coverage of the affected area with glabrous skin, thus preserving both the length and functionality of the thumb. Managing injuries specifically involving the thumb pulp can be particularly challenging due to the digit's size and vital role. Acquiring an adequate amount of glabrous soft tissue poses a difficulty in such cases. Various reconstructive approaches, encompassing a range of options on the reconstructive ladder, have been documented for thumb pulp injuries. The most popular options include pedicled flaps and free flaps obtained from both the hands and feet. However, a consensus regarding the optimal method for reconstructing the thumb pulp has yet to be reached. We present a case of total thumb pulp reconstruction for a 40 × 30 mm defect using the free thenar flap in a 65‐year‐old carpenter who sustained a work‐related injury. This flap was designed and raised on the superficial branch of the radial artery with a single subcutaneous vein and a branch of the palmar cutaneous nerve, the flap measured 43 × 32 mm. It was inset transversely with an end‐to‐end arterial anastomosis to the ulnar digital artery, venous anastomosis to the dorsal digital vein and nerve coaptation to the ulnar digital nerve. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged the following day without any complications. Eight months after surgery, the patient was extremely satisfied with the results of the procedure in terms of both function and appearance. The patient had experienced an improvement in function, sensation, and aesthetics. The patient had a QuickDASH disability/symptom score of 15.91 and a QuickDASH work module score of 18.75; the range of motion in the treated thumb was almost the same as the opposite thumb. The patient successfully resumed work three weeks following the procedure, initially with modified duties, and fully regained their work capacity within six weeks. As the patient's primary concern was their ability to return to work, the utilization of a free thenar flap offered several distinct advantages. These included minimal post‐operative complications, facilitated by a single operative site, allowing for reconstruction under regional anesthesia. Moreover, the procedure was conducted in a single stage, enabling the patient to be discharged on the same day without the need for further procedures. Furthermore, similar to several other reconstructive options for the thumb, the utilization of a free thenar flap offered the advantage of providing high‐quality, like‐for‐like glabrous tissue.
Multiple digit resurfacing with a lateral thoracic free flap: Two‐stage mitten hand and division procedures
Authors: Ryoo Hyun Jung , Park Sang Hyun , Park Ji Ah. , Kim Youn Hwan , Shim Hyung‐Sup 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeThe conventional abdominal and groin flaps for resurfacing the defect have several disadvantages, including the risk of flap failure due to accidental traction or detachment, immobilization of the arm before division, and aesthetic dissatisfaction because of the flap bulkiness. The aim of this study was to share our experiences with the free lateral thoracic flap and elucidate the optimal timing of division in complex hand reconstruction, which yielded favorable outcomes in terms of both functionality and aesthetics.MethodsThis article is a retrospective review of multiple digit resurfacing using free tissue transfer from 2012 to 2022. Patients who underwent two‐stage operation including mitten hand creation using superthin thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAp) free flap and secondary division were included. A flap was elevated over the superficial fascia layer the midportion between the anterior border of the latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major muscles and once the pedicle was found, an outline that matched the defect was created. A process named “pushing with pressure and cutting” was carried out before pedicle ligation until all the superficial fat tissue had been removed except for around the perforator. Two cases (18%) involved defects of the entire fingers reconstructed by TDAp flap with anterolateral thigh flap. Six cases (55%) had a super‐thin TDAp flap only. In two cases (18%), non‐vascularized iliac bone grafting was required for finger lengthening. One case (9%) was resurfaced with a TDAp chimeric flap including a skin paddle with the serratus anterior muscle. The primary outcome was defined as the survival or failure of the flap, while the secondary outcomes associated complications such as infection and partial flap necrosis. A statistical analysis was not performed due to the size of the case series.ResultsAll 13 flaps survived completely without any complications. Flap dimension ranged from 12 cm × 7 cm to 30 cm × 15 cm. Mitten hand duration prior to division was 41.9 days on average which was essential for the optimal result. During the division procedures, there were nine cases of debulking (82%), six cases of split‐thickness skin graft (STSG) (55%), and three cases of Z‐plasty performed on the first web space (27%). The mean follow‐up period was 20.2 months. Mean Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire score was 10.76.ConclusionsWe resurfaced severe soft tissue defects of multiple fingers with thin to super‐thin free flaps, mainly TDAp flaps. Surgeons can restore original hand shape using a two‐stage reconstructive strategy of mitten hand creation and proper division timing to create a 3‐dimensional hand structure, even in severely injured hands with multiple soft tissue defects of the digits.
Model‐based image updating in deep brain stimulation with assimilation of deep brain sparse data
Authors: Li Chen , Fan Xiaoyao , Aronson Joshua P. , Hong Jennifer , Khan Tahsin , Paulsen Keith D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccuracy of electrode placement for deep brain stimulation (DBS) is critical to achieving desired surgical outcomes and impacts the efficacy of treating neurodegenerative diseases. Intraoperative brain shift degrades the accuracy of surgical navigation based on preoperative images.PurposeWe extended a model‐based image updating scheme to address intraoperative brain shift in DBS surgery and improved its accuracy in deep brain.MethodsWe evaluated 10 patients, retrospectively, who underwent bilateral DBS surgery and classified them into groups of large and small deformation based on a 2 mm subsurface movement threshold and brain shift index of 5%. In each case, sparse brain deformation data were used to estimate whole brain displacements and deform preoperative CT (preCT) to generate updated CT (uCT). Accuracy of uCT was assessed using target registration errors (TREs) at the Anterior Commissure (AC), Posterior Commissure (PC), and four calcification points in the sub‐ventricular area by comparing their locations in uCT with their ground truth counterparts in postoperative CT (postCT).ResultsIn the large deformation group, TREs were reduced from 2.5 mm in preCT to 1.2 mm in uCT (53% compensation); in the small deformation group, errors were reduced from 1.25 to 0.74 mm (41%). Average reduction of TREs at AC, PC and pineal gland were significant, statistically (p ⩽ 0.01).ConclusionsWith more rigorous validation of model results, this study confirms the feasibility of improving the accuracy of model‐based image updating in compensating for intraoperative brain shift during DBS procedures by assimilating deep brain sparse data.
DeepFittingNet: A deep neural network‐based approach for simplifying cardiac T1 and T2 estimation with improved robustness
Authors: Guo Rui , Si Dongyue , Fan Yingwei , Qian Xiaofeng , Zhang Haina , Ding Haiyan , Tang Xiaoying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop and evaluate a deep neural network (DeepFittingNet) for T1/T2 estimation of the most commonly used cardiovascular MR mapping sequences to simplify data processing and improve robustness.Theory and MethodsDeepFittingNet is a 1D neural network composed of a recurrent neural network (RNN) and a fully connected (FCNN) neural network, in which RNN adapts to the different number of input signals from various sequences and FCNN subsequently predicts A, B, and Tx of a three‐parameter model. DeepFittingNet was trained using Bloch‐equation simulations of MOLLI and saturation‐recovery single‐shot acquisition (SASHA) T1 mapping sequences, and T2‐prepared balanced SSFP (T2‐prep bSSFP) T2 mapping sequence, with reference values from the curve‐fitting method. Several imaging confounders were simulated to improve robustness. The trained DeepFittingNet was tested using phantom and in‐vivo signals, and compared to the curve‐fitting algorithm.ResultsIn testing, DeepFittingNet performed T1/T2 estimation of four sequences with improved robustness in inversion‐recovery T1 estimation. The mean bias in phantom T1 and T2 between the curve‐fitting and DeepFittingNet was smaller than 30 and 1 ms, respectively. Excellent agreements between both methods was found in the left ventricle and septum T1/T2 with a mean bias <6 ms. There was no significant difference in the SD of both the left ventricle and septum T1/T2 between the two methods.ConclusionDeepFittingNet trained with simulations of MOLLI, SASHA, and T2‐prep bSSFP performed T1/T2 estimation tasks for all these most used sequences. Compared with the curve‐fitting algorithm, DeepFittingNet improved the robustness for inversion‐recovery T1 estimation and had comparable performance in terms of accuracy and precision.
BMI change during childhood, DNA methylation change at TXNIP, and glucose change during midlife
Authors: Ma Hao , Wang Xuan , Liang Zhaoxia , Li Xiang , Heianza Yoriko , He Jiang , Chen Wei , Bazzano Lydia , Qi Lu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated whether changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) at TXNIP are associated with glycemic changes and whether such an association differs with early‐life adiposity changes.MethodsA total of 594 Bogalusa Heart Study participants who had blood DNAm measurements at two time points in midlife were included. Of them, 353 participants had at least four BMI measurements during childhood and adolescence. The incremental area under the curve was calculated as a measure of long‐term trends of BMI during childhood and adolescence.ResultsIncrease in DNAm at TXNIP was significantly associated with decrease in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) independent of covariates (p < 0.001). The study found that the strength of this relationship was significantly modified by a trend of increasing BMI during childhood and adolescence (p‐interaction = 0.003). Each 1% increase in DNAm at TXNIP was associated with a 2.90‐ (0.77) mg/dL decrease in FPG among participants with the highest tertile of BMI incremental area under the curve and a 0.96‐ (0.38) mg/dL decrease among those with the middle tertile, whereas no association was observed among participants with the lowest tertile.ConclusionsThese results indicate that changes in blood DNAm at TXNIP are significantly associated with changes in FPG in midlife, and this association was modified by BMI trends during childhood and adolescence.
Association of central obesity with retinal neurodegeneration: Cross‐sectional and longitudinal evidence from two countries
Authors: Zhang Shiran , Zhu Zhuoting , Yuan Yixiong , Chen Yanping , Bulloch Gabriella , Huang Wenyong , He Mingguang , Wang Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the association of central obesity with retinal neurodegeneration.MethodsDatabases from the UK Biobank study and the Chinese Ocular Imaging Project (COIP) were included for cross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. Retinal ganglion cell‐inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPLT) measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as a retinal indicator of neurodegeneration. All subjects were divided into six obesity phenotypes according to BMI (normal, overweight, obesity) and waist to hip ratio (WHR; normal, high). Multivariable linear regression models were fitted to investigate the association of obesity phenotypes with GCIPLT.ResultsA total of 22,827 and 2082 individuals from UK Biobank (mean age: 55.06 [SD 8.27] years, women: 53.2%) and COIP (mean age: 63.02 [SD 8.35 years], women: 61.9%) were included, respectively. Cross‐sectional analysis showed GCIPLT was significantly thinner in normal BMI/high WHR individuals compared with normal BMI/normal WHR individuals (β = −0.33 μm, 95% CI = −0.61, −0.04, p = 0.045). But thinner GCIPLT was not observed in individuals with obesity/normal WHR. After 2‐year follow‐up in COIP, normal BMI/high WHR was associated with accelerated GCIPLT thinning (β = −0.28 μm/y, 95% CI = −0.45, −0.10, p = 0.02), whereas obesity/normal WHR was not.ConclusionsEven with normal weight, central obesity was associated with accelerated GCIPLT thinning cross‐sectionally and longitudinally.
Investigating the impact of metabolic syndrome traits on telomere length: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Loh Nellie Y. , Rosoff Daniel , Noordam Raymond , Christodoulides Constantinos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveObservational studies have reported bidirectional associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) traits and short leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a TL marker in somatic tissues and a proposed risk factor for age‐related degenerative diseases. However, in Mendelian randomization studies, longer LTL has been paradoxically associated with higher MetS risk. This study investigated the hypothesis that shorter LTL might be a consequence of metabolic dysfunction.MethodsThis study undertook univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization. As instrumental variables for MetS traits, all of the genome‐wide significant independent signals identified in genome‐wide association studies for anthropometric, glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure traits conducted in European individuals were used. Summary‐level data for LTL were obtained from a genome‐wide association study conducted in the UK Biobank.ResultsHigher BMI was associated with shorter LTL (β = −0.039, 95% CI: −0.058 to −0.020, p = 5 × 10−5) equivalent to 1.70 years of age‐related LTL change. In contrast, higher low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was associated with longer LTL (β = 0.022, 95% CI: 0.007 to 0.037, p = 0.003) equivalent to 0.96 years of age‐related LTL change. Mechanistically, increased low‐grade systemic inflammation, as measured by circulating C‐reactive protein, and lower circulating linoleic acid levels might link higher BMI to shorter LTL.ConclusionsOverweight and obesity might promote the development of aging‐related degenerative diseases by accelerating telomere shortening.