bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and APOE ε4 carrier effects on atrophy, amyloid PET, and tau PET burden in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Nemes Sára , Logan Paige E. , Manchella Mohit K. , Mundada Nidhi S. , La Joie Renaud , Polsinelli Angelina J. , Hammers Dustin B. , Koeppe Robert A. , Foroud Tatiana M. , Nudelman Kelly N. , Eloyan Ani , Iaccarino Leonardo , Dorsant‐Ardón Valérie , Taurone Alexander , Thangarajah Maryanne , Dage Jeffery L. , Aisen Paul , Grinberg Lea T. , Jack Clifford R. , Kramer Joel , Kukull Walter A. , Murray Melissa E. , Rumbaugh Malia , Soleimani‐Meigooni David N. , Toga Arthur , Touroutoglou Alexandra , Vemuri Prashanthi , Atri Alireza , Day Gregory S. , Duara Ranjan , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Honig Lawrence S. , Jones David T. , Masdeu Joseph , Mendez Mario F. , Musiek Erik , Onyike Chiadi U. , Riddle Meghan , Rogalski Emily , Salloway Stephen , Sha Sharon J. , Turner Raymond S. , Wingo Thomas S. , Womack Kyle B. , Wolk David A. , Rabinovici Gil D. , Carrillo Maria C. , Dickerson Bradford C. , Apostolova Liana G. ,   LEADS Consortium
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe used sex and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) carrier status as predictors of pathologic burden in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD).METHODSWe included baseline data from 77 cognitively normal (CN), 230 EOAD, and 70 EO non‐Alzheimer's disease (EOnonAD) participants from the Longitudinal Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS). We stratified each diagnostic group by males and females, then further subdivided each sex by APOE ε4 carrier status and compared imaging biomarkers in each stratification. Voxel‐wise multiple linear regressions yielded statistical brain maps of gray matter density, amyloid, and tau PET burden.RESULTSEOAD females had greater amyloid and tau PET burdens than males. EOAD female APOE ε4 non‐carriers had greater amyloid PET burdens and greater gray matter atrophy than female ε4 carriers. EOnonAD female ε4 non‐carriers also had greater gray matter atrophy than female ε4 carriers.DISCUSSIONThe effects of sex and APOE ε4 must be considered when studying these populations.HIGHLIGHTS
Novel analysis examining the effects of biological sex and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) carrier status on neuroimaging biomarkers among early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD), early‐onset non‐AD (EOnonAD), and cognitively normal (CN) participants.
Female sex is associated with greater pathology burden in the EOAD cohort compared to male sex.
The effect of APOE ε4 carrier status on pathology burden was the most impactful in females across all cohorts.
Impact of sharing Alzheimer's disease biomarkers with individuals without dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of empirical data
Authors: van der Schaar Jetske , Visser Leonie N. C. , Ket Johannes C. F. , Groot Colin , Pijnenburg Yolande A. L. , Scheltens Philip , Bredenoord Annelien L. , van den Hoven Mariëtte A. , van der Flier Wiesje M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe conducted a systematic literature review and meta‐analysis of empirical evidence on expected and experienced implications of sharing Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker results with individuals without dementia.MethodsPubMed, Embase, APA PsycInfo, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Results from included studies were synthesized, and quantitative data on psychosocial impact were meta‐analyzed using a random‐effects model.ResultsWe included 35 publications. Most personal stakeholders expressed interest in biomarker assessment. Learning negative biomarker results led to relief and sometimes frustration, while positive biomarkers induced anxiety but also clarity. Meta‐analysis of five studies including 2012 participants (elevated amyloid = 1324 [66%], asymptomatic = 1855 [92%]) showed short‐term psychological impact was not significant (random‐effect estimate = 0.10, standard error = 0.23, P = 0.65). Most professional stakeholders valued biomarker testing, although attitudes and practices varied considerably.DiscussionInterest in AD biomarker testing was high and sharing their results did not cause psychological harm.Highlights
Most personal stakeholders expressed interest in Alzheimer's disease biomarker assessment.
Personal motivations included gaining insight, improving lifestyle, or preparing for the future.
There was no short‐term psychological impact of sharing biomarker status, implying it can be safe.
Most professional stakeholders valued biomarker testing, believing the benefits outweigh the risk.
Harmonized guidelines on biomarker testing and sharing results are required.
Novel methodology for detection and prediction of mild cognitive impairment using resting‐state EEG
Authors: Deng Jinxian , Sun Boxin , Kavcic Voyko , Liu Mingyan , Giordani Bruno , Li Tongtong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDEarly discrimination and prediction of cognitive decline are crucial for the study of neurodegenerative mechanisms and interventions to promote cognitive resiliency.METHODSOur research is based on resting‐state electroencephalography (EEG) and the current dataset includes 137 consensus‐diagnosed, community‐dwelling Black Americans (ages 60–90 years, 84 healthy controls [HC]; 53 mild cognitive impairment [MCI]) recruited through Wayne State University and Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center. We conducted multiscale analysis on time‐varying brain functional connectivity and developed an innovative soft discrimination model in which each decision on HC or MCI also comes with a connectivity‐based score.RESULTSThe leave‐one‐out cross‐validation accuracy is 91.97% and 3‐fold accuracy is 91.17%. The 9 to 18 months’ progression trend prediction accuracy over an availability‐limited subset sample is 84.61%.CONCLUSIONThe EEG‐based soft discrimination model demonstrates high sensitivity and reliability for MCI detection and shows promising capability in proactive prediction of people at risk of MCI before clinical symptoms may occur.
Study of the Deflection Angle and Shadow of Black Hole Solutions in Non‐Plasma and Plasma Mediums Under the Effect of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet Gravity
Authors: Ali Riasat , Awais Muhammad , Mahmood Asif 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the Gibbons and Werner technique is used to calculate the weak deflection angle for the black hole solution under the effects of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity. The Gauss–Bonnet theorem in the limits of weak field is used to evaluate the Gaussian optical curvature in order to obtain the results. The visual effects of the deflection angle on the impact parameter is also looked at and the smallest radius in the non‐plasma/plasma medium. Moreover, in order to check the consistency of the results concerning the weak deflection angle, the Keeton and Petters approach is applied to study the deflection angle, which is the expansion of series with a single mass variable, which can be directly addressed by using the post–post Newtonian framework. Furthermore, the deflection angle and shadow under the influence of the plasma is examined by using the motion of particle in a non‐magnetized plasma and pressure‐free plasma medium as described by the new ray‐tracing algorithm. It is shown that plasma as well as Einstein–Gauss‐Bonnet gravity corrections are affected by shadows.
Gradually Tuning the Flexibility of Two‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks via Stepwise Structural Transformation and Their Flexibility‐Dependent Properties
Authors: Zhou Zhi‐Bei , Sun Hui‐Hui , Qi Qiao‐Yan , Zhao Xin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFlexible covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are intriguing for their dynamic properties distinctive from rigid counterparts but still suffer from limited accessibility. Especially, controlling flexibility of COFs is challenging and the impact of different flexibility on properties of COFs has rarely been unveiled. This article reports stepwise adjustment on flexibility of two‐dimensional COFs, which is realized by the designed synthesis of rigid COF (R‐COF), semi‐flexible COF (SF‐COF), and flexible COF (F‐COF) through polymerization, linker exchange, and linkage conversion with a newly developed method for reduction of hydrazone, respectively. Significant difference in breathing behavior and self‐adaptive capability of the three COFs are uncovered through vapor response and iodine capture experiments. Gas sorption experiments indicate that the porosity of F‐COF could switch from “close” state in nitrogen to “open” state in carbon dioxide, which are not observed for R‐COF and SF‐COF. This study not only develops a strategy to adjust the flexibility of COFs by tuning their linkers and linkages, but also provides a deep insight into the impact of different flexibility on properties of COFs, which lays a foundation for the development of this new class of dynamic porous materials.
Rapid Ozone Decomposition over Water‐activated Monolithic MoO3/Graphdiyne Nanowalls under High Humidity
Authors: Zhu Yuhua , Yang Leyi , Ma Jiami , Fang Yarong , Yang Ji , Chen Xiaoping , Zheng Juan , Zhang Shuhong , Chen Wei , Pan Chuanqi , Zhang Baojian , Qiu Xiaofeng , Luo Zhu , Wang Jinlong , Guo Yanbing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCatalytic ozone (O3) decomposition at high relative humidity (RH) remains a great challenge due to the catalysts poison and deactivation under high humidity. Here, we firstly elaborate the role of water activation and the corresponding mechanism of the promoted O3 decomposition over the three‐dimensional monolithic molybdenum oxide/graphdiyne (MoO3/GDY) catalyst. The O3 decomposition over MoO3/GDY reaches up to 100 % under high humid condition (75 % RH) at room temperature, which is 4.0 times as high as that of dry conditions, significantly surpasses other carbon‐based MoO3 materials(≤7.1 %). The sp‐hybridized carbon in GDY donates electrons to MoO3 along the C−O−Mo bond, facilitating water activation to form hydroxyl species. As a result, hydroxyl species dissociated from water act as new active sites, promoting the adsorption of O3 and the generation of new intermediate species (hydroxyl ⋅OH and superoxo ⋅O2−), which significantly lowers the energy barriers of O3 decomposition (0.57 eV lower than dry conditions).
Effect of protonic acid concentration on electrical properties of fly ash magnetic beads/polyaniline composites
Authors: Tao Yulun , Lv Yinru , Li Dawei , Li Shuo , Chen Lin , Fan Xingwen , Liu Fuchen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMagnetic polyaniline nanofibers were synthesized by oxidative polymerization using protonic acid and fly ash magnetic beads as dopants and ammonium persulfate as oxidant. The synthesized magnetic polyaniline was characterized by FT‐IR, UV, XRD and SEM, and its morphology and structure were revealed. Polyaniline magnetic electrodes were prepared by pressing method, and their electrochemical properties were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge–discharge methods. The capacities of polyaniline powders doped with optimal concentration of hydrochloric acid and p‐toluene sulfonic acid at current density of 1 A/g were 250.75 and 410.5 F/g, respectively. The magnetic polyaniline doped with optimal acid concentration has good conductivity through impedance measurement analysis. A smooth and uniform film was prepared by pressing magnetic polyaniline powder and its photosensitivity was observed under different monochromatic illumination. The results show that the current and voltage have a linear relationship and that different monochromatic light energies can be distinguished significantly with the increase of voltage.
Successful preparation of polyaniline‐modified polystyrene novel composite membrane
Authors: Sichali Atusaye G. , Noby Hussien , Naragino Hiroshi , Yoshitake Tsuyoshi , El‐Shazly Ahmed H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work describes the polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles' impregnation into the polystyrene (PS) membrane and its impact on the different membrane properties for the first time. PANI nanoparticles were synthesized separately using the oxidative polymerization technique and then impregnated into the polystyrene‐DMF matrix solution. Membranes were cast via the Non‐Solvent Induced Phase Separation (NIPS) process. The surface and structural properties of the fabricated membranes were thoroughly characterized using contact angle measurement (CA), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and the mechanical characteristics of the membrane were also investigated. According to the CA results, the addition of PANI in the matrix improved the polystyrene membrane's hydrophilicity from 65° to 54.5°. The FTIR spectra revealed that the PANI nanoparticles were successfully impregnated into the PS matrix. SEM images illustrated that the porosity of the PANI‐modified membrane was enhanced by 50% compared to the pristine PS membrane. Furthermore, adding PANI to the PS membrane significantly reduced the average pore size. The filtration experiment showed that PANI modified membrane had 81% rejection of MO dye as compared to the pristine PS membrane which had 60%. Therefore, The PANI added to the PS membrane greatly enhanced the PS membrane's structural properties.
Regional (south‐eastern Pacific Ocean) population genetics and global phylogeography of two endangered highly migratory pelagic sharks, the blue shark Prionace glauca and shortfin mako Isurus oxyrinchus
Authors: González M. Teresa , Leiva Natalia V. , Zárate Patricia M. , Baeza J. Antonio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The blue shark Prionace glauca and the shortfin mako Isurus oxyrinchus are two large and highly migratory sharks inhabiting temperate and tropical waters worldwide that are heavily targeted by artisanal and industrial fisheries. The International Union for Nature Conservation classifies the blue shark and shortfin mako as ‘Near Threatened’ and ‘Vulnerable’, respectively, in the Nature Red List of Threatened Species v. 2019‐2.
This study examined the population genetics of the shortfin mako and blue sharks at a regional (south‐eastern Pacific Ocean) and global scale. The null hypothesis of no genetic discontinuities among ocean basins and/or between hemispheres was tested using two mitochondrial markers suitable for population genetics inference in these species: the non‐coding control region and the protein‐coding gene cytochrome c oxidase I in I. oxyrinchus, and the control region and cytochrome b in P. glauca.
Spatial genetic analyses suggested a single and two genetic clusters co‐occurring along the south‐eastern Pacific Ocean in the shortfin mako and blue shark, respectively. Phylogeographic analyses, migration estimates, haplotype networks and AMOVAs demonstrated that the two species exhibit an overall pattern of high genetic connectivity among hemispheres and across ocean basins with a signature of shallow genetic structuring worldwide.
This study has generated valuable information for the management and conservation of heavily exploited sharks and highlights the need for additional inclusive research programmes assessing inter‐regional genomic discontinuities using more statistically powerful genetic markers to determine with precision population genetic discontinuities (if any) in these and other highly migratory sharks.
The archaeoastronomy of Tikal: A reanalysis
Authors: Layser Christopher A. , Gullberg Steven R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAt the great city of Tikal, the ancient Maya placed and oriented their ceremonial architecture and monuments in accordance with cosmological principles. Its earliest ceremonial plaza, the Mundo Perdido, is one of the oldest pre‐Classic E‐Groups of the Petén, the astronomical utility of which has been a topic of debate by archeologists and archaeoastronomers alike over the past century. In 1988, Aveni and Hartung surveyed the great temples of Tikal and revealed the relationship between their astronomical and dynastic aspects. Yet, over the intervening decades breakthroughs in the decipherment of the Maya glyphs have greatly increased our understanding of Tikal's dynastic history while interpretations in the field of archaeoastronomy have become more rigorous. For instance, more recent surveys and interpretations by Ŝprajc (2021a, 2021b) have demonstrated the importance of the Maya ritual calendar in the placement and orientation of ceremonial public architecture. The aim of this paper is to reassess this earlier fieldwork in archaeoastronomy, provide recent corroborative measurements of the orientation of key buildings, and provide a cohesive summation of the cosmological principles found in the design and construction of the city of Tikal.
Characterizing the autism spectrum phenotype in DYRK1A‐related syndrome
Authors: Kurtz‐Nelson Evangeline C. , Rea Hannah M. , Petriceks Aiva C. , Hudac Caitlin M. , Wang Tianyun , Earl Rachel K. , Bernier Raphael A. , Eichler Evan E. , Neuhaus Emily 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLikely gene‐disrupting (LGD) variants in DYRK1A are causative of DYRK1A syndrome and associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). While many individuals with DYRK1A syndrome are diagnosed with ASD, they may present with a unique profile of ASD traits. We present a comprehensive characterization of the ASD profile in children and young adults with LGDs in DYRK1A. Individuals with LGD variants in DYRK1A (n = 29) were compared to children who had ASD with no known genetic cause, either with low nonverbal IQ (n = 14) or average or above nonverbal IQ (n = 41). ASD was assessed using the ADOS‐2, ADI‐R, SRS‐2, SCQ, and RBS‐R. Quantitative score comparisons were conducted, as were qualitative analyses of clinicians' behavioral observations. Diagnosis of ASD was confirmed in 85% and ID was confirmed in 89% of participants with DYRK1A syndrome. Individuals with DYRK1A syndrome showed broadly similar social communication behaviors to children with idiopathic ASD and below‐average nonverbal IQ, with specific challenges noted in social reciprocity and nonverbal communication. Children with DYRK1A syndrome also showed high rates of sensory‐seeking behaviors. Phenotypic characterization of individuals with DYRK1A syndrome may provide additional information on mechanisms contributing to co‐occurring ASD and ID and contribute to the identification of genetic predictors of specific ASD traits.
Correlating MRI‐based brain volumetry and cognitive assessment in people with Down syndrome
Authors: Hamadelseed Osama , Skutella Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionDown syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. Children and adults with DS show deficits in language performance and explicit memory. Here, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on children and adults with DS to characterize changes in the volume of specific brain structures involved in memory and language and their relationship to features of cognitive‐behavioral phenotypes.MethodsThirteen children and adults with the DS phenotype and 12 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls (age range 4–25) underwent an assessment by MRI and a psychological evaluation for language and cognitive abilities.ResultsThe cognitive profile of people with DS showed deficits in different cognition and language domains correlating with reduced volumes of specific regional and subregional brain structures, confirming previous related studies. Interestingly, in our study, people with DS also showed more significant parahippocampal gyrus volumes, in agreement with the results found in earlier reports.ConclusionsThe memory functions and language skills affected in studied individuals with DS correlate significantly with the reduced volume of specific brain regions, allowing us to understand DS's cognitive‐behavioral phenotype. Our results provide an essential basis for early intervention and the design of rehabilitation management protocols.
Circulating hsa_circ_0072309, acting via the miR‐100/ACKR3 pathway, maybe a potential biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of brain metastasis from non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Qiang , Song Qian , Zeng Lin‐Xiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundOne of the main causes of lung cancer‐related death is brain metastasis (BM). Finding early indicators of BM derived from lung cancer is crucial. Therefore, this study was designed to determine if serum hsa_circ_0072309 may be employed as a potential biomarker for BM induced by non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to understand its possible underlying mechanism.MethodsPrimary lung cancer and healthy neighboring tissues were obtained from all patients, while BM tissues were taken from BM+ patients. Serum specimens were collected from all patients and healthy volunteers. Hsa_circ_001653, miR‐100, and ACKR3 RNA expressions were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) protein expression by western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In order to examine the effect of serum hsa_circ_0072309 and its relevant mechanism on BM development, an NSCLC‐associated BM model in mice was established.ResultsAccording to the results, miR‐100 expression was down‐regulated in primary lung cancer tissues compared to healthy lung tissues in all NSCLC patients, and circ_0072309 and ACKR3 expression were up‐regulated. In BM tissues compared with primary lung tumors of BM+ patients, in serum samples from all patients compared to healthy volunteers, and in lung tumors of BM+ patients compared to those from BM− patients. Patients' serum exhibits the same level of hsa_circ_0072309/miR‐100/ACKR3 expression as in BM samples. Advanced tumor‐node‐metastasis (TNM) stage, higher BM, shorter post‐operative overall survival (OS), and progression‐free survival (PFS) are all substantially associated with increased serum circ_0072309 levels in BM+ patients. In animal models, serum owning hsa_circ_0072309 from BM+ patients facilitates BM formation by regulating the miR‐100/ACKR3 pathway.ConclusionsThe current preliminary research reveals serum hsa_circ_0072309 as a possible biomarker and target for early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of NSCLC‐derived BM and suggests a substantial role for the hsa_circ_0072309/miR‐100/ACKR3 axis in the formation of BM from NSCLC.
Propolis Enhances 5‐Fluorouracil Mediated Antitumor Efficacy and Reduces Side Effects in Colorectal Cancer: An in Vitro and in Vivo Study
Authors: Kocyigit Abdurrahim , Guler Eray Metin , Durmus Ezgi , Yenigun Vildan Betul , Kanimdan Ebru , Ozman Zeynep , Yasar Oznur , Goren Ahmet Ceyhan , Hekimoglu Emine Rumeysa , Oruc Hasan Huseyin , Aydogdu Gokhan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the combined treatment of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and Anatolian propolis extract (PE) on colorectal cancer (CRC)using in vitro and in vivo studies. We exposed luciferase‐transfected (Lovo‐Luc CRC) cells and healthy colon cells (CCD‐18Co) to varying concentrations of 5‐FU and PE to assess their genotoxic, apoptotic, and cytotoxic effects, as well as their intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS) levels. We also developed a xenograft model in nude mice and evaluated the anti‐tumor effects of PE and 5‐FU using various methods. Our findings showed that the combination of PE and 5‐FU had selectivity against cancer cells, particularly at higher doses, and enhanced the anti‐tumor effectiveness of 5‐FU against colon CRC. The results suggest that PE can reduce side effects and increase the effectiveness of 5‐FU through iROS generation in a dose‐dependent manner.