bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two theories of money
Authors: Kalb Don 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The last decade of financial crisis, “financialization” and “quantitative easing” has been a feast of public learning about money and finance. Anthropology, history, and political economy rediscovered a “forgotten” history of money as fundamentally a public good rather than basically a private one. This article discusses the rediscovery of the two competing basic historical theories of money. It also notes that, after a turbulent decade of class and political polarization, including a worldwide pandemic, we also learned that under capitalism it just cannot be publicly conceded that money, if we want to, costs nothing, even though that is scientifically true. The article then reflects upon the current return of inflation and the turn toward “hard and dear money,” and what that might mean.
„Najbardziej elokwentni z Ojców” a metoda przepowiadania w Kościele przełomu IV i V wieku
Authors: Nowaszczuk Jarosław 
Published: March 2023

Grzegorz z Nazjanzu i Jan Chryzostom na przestrzeni czasu zostali uznani za najwybitniejszych kaznodziejów Kościoła na Wschodzie. Celem obecnego artykułu jest wykazanie, że różnili się w sposobie opracowania tekstów publicznych wystąpień, co implikuje potrzebę odrębnego podejścia do ich dorobku. Obaj Ojcowie tworzyli w okresie, gdy retorykę wykorzystywano bardziej na potrzeby rozrywki niż przekazu wiedzy, a znani z biegłości krasomówczej sofiści uchodzili za przekupnych i zdeprawowanych. Na przestrzeni kilkudziesięciu lat doprowadziło to w Kościele do odrzucenia warsztatu retorycznego na rzecz bardziej przystępnego co do formy i języka gatunku – homilii.
Sphingolipids in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Lipoproteins of APOE4 Homozygotes and Non-APOE4 Carriers with Mild Cognitive Impairment versus Subjective Cognitive Decline
Authors: den Hoedt Sandra , Dorst-Lagerwerf Kristien Y. , de Vries Helga E. , Rozemuller Annemieke J.M. , Scheltens Philip , Walter Jochen , Sijbrands Eric J.G. , Martinez-Martinez Pilar , Verhoeven Adrie J.M. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Mulder Monique T. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients display alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma sphingolipids. The APOE4 genotype increases the risk of developing AD. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the APOE4 genotype affects common sphingolipids in CSF and in plasma of patients with early stages of AD. Methods: Patients homozygous for APOE4 and non- APOE4 carriers with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 20 versus 20) were compared to patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD; n = 18 versus 20). Sphingolipids in CSF and plasma lipoproteins were determined by liquid-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Aβ42 levels in CSF were determined by immunoassay. Results: APOE4 homozygotes displayed lower levels of sphingomyelin (SM; p = 0.042), SM(d18:1/18:0) ( p = 0.026), and Aβ42 ( p < 0.001) in CSF than non- APOE4 carriers. CSF-Aβ42 correlated with Cer(d18:1/18:0), SM(d18:1/18:0), and SM(d18:1/18:1) levels in APOE4 homozygotes ( r > 0.49; p < 0.032) and with Cer(d18:1/24:1) in non- APOE4 carriers ( r = 0.50; p = 0.025). CSF-Aβ42 correlated positively with Cer(d18:1/24:0) in MCI ( p = 0.028), but negatively in SCD patients ( p = 0.019). Levels of Cer(d18:1/22:0) and long-chain SMs were inversely correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination score among MCI patients, independent of APOE4 genotype ( r< –0.47; p < 0.039). Nevertheless, age and sex are stronger determinants of individual sphingolipid levels in CSF than either the APOE genotype or the cognitive state. In HDL, ratios of Cer(d18:1/18:0) and Cer(d18:1/22:0) to cholesterol were higher in APOE4 homozygotes than in non- APOE4 carriers ( p = 0.048 and 0.047, respectively). Conclusion: The APOE4 genotype affects sphingolipid profiles of CSF and plasma lipoproteins already at early stages of AD. ApoE4 may contribute to the early development of AD through modulation of sphingolipid metabolism.
A basic study on braking and regenerative braking torques for an axial gap type eddy current brake
Authors: Morishita Naoki , Funaki Michiro , Kikuchi Yoshimi , Wakiwaka Hiroyuki , Sonehara Makoto , Sato Toshiro 
Published: March 2023

Because of growing demand in the aircraft industry, research is being conducted around the world to reduce CO2 emissions by electrifying aircraft. The authors are studying a non-contact hybrid aircraft brake that combines an eddy current brake and a magnetorheological fluid brake. This paper presents a basic study of braking and regenerative torque using an axial gap type eddy current brake. The result as that a maximum braking torque of 51.3 mNm was obtained with a three-phase AC power supply when the speed of the conductor disc was 2,000 rpm, the current was 3 A, and the frequency was 10 Hz in the CW direction. The maximum regenerative torque was 48 mNm when the speed of the conductor disc was 2,000 rpm, the current was 3 A, and the frequency was 10 Hz in the CCW direction.
Trichloroethylene: An Invisible Cause of Parkinson’s Disease?
Authors: Dorsey E. Ray , Zafar Maryam , Lettenberger Samantha E. , Pawlik Meghan E. , Kinel Dan , Frissen Myrthe , Schneider Ruth B. , Kieburtz Karl , Tanner Caroline M. , De Miranda Briana R. , Goldman Samuel M. , Bloem Bastiaan R. 
Published: March 2023

The etiologies of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remain unclear. Some, such as certain genetic mutations and head trauma, are widely known or easily identified. However, these causes or risk factors do not account for the majority of cases. Other, less visible factors must be at play. Among these is a widely used industrial solvent and common environmental contaminant little recognized for its likely role in PD: trichloroethylene (TCE). TCE is a simple, six-atom molecule that can decaffeinate coffee, degrease metal parts, and dry clean clothes. The colorless chemical was first linked to parkinsonism in 1969. Since then, four case studies involving eight individuals have linked occupational exposure to TCE to PD. In addition, a small epidemiological study found that occupational or hobby exposure to the solvent was associated with a 500% increased risk of developing PD. In multiple animal studies, the chemical reproduces the pathological features of PD. Exposure is not confined to those who work with the chemical. TCE pollutes outdoor air, taints groundwater, and contaminates indoor air. The molecule, like radon, evaporates from underlying soil and groundwater and enters homes, workplaces, or schools, often undetected. Despite widespread contamination and increasing industrial, commercial, and military use, clinical investigations of TCE and PD have been limited. Here, through a literature review and seven illustrative cases, we postulate that this ubiquitous chemical is contributing to the global rise of PD and that TCE is one of its invisible and highly preventable causes. Further research is now necessary to examine this hypothesis.
Getting it Right with Health: Foreign Direct Investment as Africa's Best Chance to Achieve the Health Targets of Agenda 2030 Sustainably?
Authors: Ngwaba Uchechukwu 
Published: March 2023

<p>Of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals 2030, SDG 3 relates specifically to health and is framed in deliberately broad terms to be relevant to all countries and populations. It aims to 'ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages'. Health target 3.8, one of thirteen health targets associated with SDG 3, speaks directly to Africa's experience with pharmaceuticals and public health. This article considers whether foreign direct investment (FDI) offers the best chance for the attainment of these targets - and concludes that it does not. Engaging the critical lens of third world approaches to international law (TWAIL), this article argues for the recalibration of Africa's approach to Agenda 2030 through nuanced engagement with the right to health. It suggests that a uniquely African perspective needs to inform Africa's approach to FDI, one that takes account of the peculiar needs of African people in the area of health by cultivating African human capital and entrepreneurial potential as a viable alternative to FDI. Strengthening local capital in this manner offers a better chance for sustainably achieving the health targets of SDG 3.</p>
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Relationship between Knowledge, Attitude and Anxiety with the Implementation of Health Protocols among Food Vendors at the UMS Campus Environment
Authors: Asmi Nur Fauzia , Puspasari Kiki 
Published: March 2023

Food vendors are a group that is prone to contracting Covid-19 because they are still selling foods during a pandemic which can be a source of contamination through droplets or touching surfaces affected by droplets. Food vendors who do not implement health protocols are very vulnerable to being infected with Covid-19 which can further infect other people. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitude and anxiety with the implementation of health protocols among food vendors at the UMS campus environment. This was an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach. The current study was conducted at the Suherman Medical University (UMS) campus Environment, Pasir Gombong area, Bekasi District, from September to November 2021. The population in this study involved food vendors in the Pasir Gombong area with a sample size calculated using the Lemeshow formula which obtained 64 food vendors. The samples were selected using accidental sampling technique. Data collection was conducted by enumerators through interviews using questionnaires and observations. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test, fisher's exact and logistic regression to determine the relationship between each variable. Furthermore, multivariate analysis was applied using the logistic regression test. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between anxiety and implementation of health protocols with a p-value of 0.024 and OR=11.7 (1.214–113.3), between knowledge and implementation of health protocols with a p-value of 0.001 and OR= 6.3 (1.937–20.880); between attitude and implementation of health protocol with a p-value of 0.000 and OR=8.6 (2.579-29.126). It can be concluded that knowledge, attitude and anxiety had a significant relationship with the implementation of health protocols among food vendors. Continuous education can be an effort to prevent health problems.
Identification of hsa_circ_0001445 of a novel circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network as potential biomarker for coronary heart disease
Authors: Dinh PhongSon , Peng JunHua , Tran ThanhLoan , Wu DongFeng , Tran ChauMyThanh , Dinh ThiPhuongHoai , Pan ShangLing 
Published: March 2023

ObjectsTo evaluate the hsa_circ_0001445 level in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its related clinical factors, and predict its circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in CHD pathogenesis via bioinformatics analysis.MethodsPeripheral blood leukocytes were isolated from the whole blood samples of 94 CHD patients (aged 65.96 ± 9.78 years old) and 126 healthy controls (aged 60.75 ± 8.81 years old). qRT-PCR was used to quantify the expression level of circRNA and subsequently analyze its association with CHD clinical parameters. Via bioinformatics algorithm and GEO datasets, differential miRNA expression was evaluated using the Limma package. A miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was predicted by cyTargetLinker. ClusterProfiler was employed to perform functional enrichment analysis of the circRNA network to investigate its role in CHD pathogenesis.ResultsThe expression of hsa_circ_0001445 in peripheral blood leukocytes of CHD patients was downregulated compared with that of healthy controls. Positive correlations were evident between hsa_circ_0001445 expression level and the levels of hemoglobin, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A significant negative correlation was also found between hsa_circ_0001445 expression level and age and the neutrophil level. Low expression of hsa_circ_0001445 exhibited a discriminatory ability between CHD patients and healthy controls with a sensitivity of 67.5% and a specificity of 76.6% (p &lt; 0.05). By bioinformatics analysis, 405 gene ontology terms were identified. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes terms focused principally on the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. hsa_circ_0001445 was associated with the expression of three miRNAs that may regulate 18 genes involved in KEGG processes: hsa-miR-507, hsa-miR-375–3p, and hsa-miR-942–5p.ConclusionThe hsa_circ_0001445 level in peripheral blood leukocytes may serve as a biomarker for CHD diagnosis. Our work on circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks suggests a potential role for hsa_circ_0001445 in CHD development.
Intra-seasonal variability in supraglacial stream sediment on the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: Leidman Sasha Z. , Rennermalm Åsa K. , Muthyala Rohi , Skiles S. McKenzie , Getraer Alexander 
Published: March 2023

On the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet, the presence of low-albedo features greatly contributes to ablation zone meltwater production. Some of the lowest albedo features on the Ice Sheet are water-filled supraglacial stream channels, especially those with abundant deposits of consolidated cryoconite sediment. Because these sediments enhance melting by disproportionately lowering albedo, studying their spatial extent can provide a better understanding of Greenland’s contribution to global sea level rise. However, little is known about the spatial distribution of supraglacial stream sediment, or how it changes in response to seasonal flow regimes. Here, we surveyed a supraglacial stream network in Southwest Greenland, collecting imagery from seven uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) flights over the course of 24 days in 2019. Using Structure-from-Motion-generated orthomosaic imagery and digital elevation models (DEMs), we manually digitized the banks of the supraglacial stream channels, classified the areal coverage of sediment deposits, and modeled how the terrain influences the amount of incoming solar radiation at the Ice Sheet surface. We used imagery classified by surface types andin-situspectrometer measurements to determine how changes in sediment cover altered albedo. We found that, within our study area, only 15% of cryoconite sediment was consolidated in cryoconite holes; the remaining 85% was located within supraglacial streams mostly concentrated on daily inundated riverbanks (hereafter termed floodplains). Sediment cover and stream width are highly correlated, suggesting that sediment influx into supraglacial drainage systems widens stream channels or darkens previously widened channels. This reduces albedo in floodplains that already receive greater solar radiation due to their flatness. Additionally, the areal extent of stream sediments increased in August following seasonal peak flow, suggesting that as stream power decreases, more sediment accumulates in supraglacial channels. This negative feedback loop for melting may delay Greenland’s runoff to the latter end of the melt season. This study shows in unprecedented detail where and when sediment is deposited and how these deposits potentially impact the Ice Sheet surface energy balance. These findings may allow for better prediction of how supraglacial floodplains, and the microbiomes they contain, might change in response to increased melting.
Recurrent parathyromatosis in a patient with concomitant MEN1 and CASR gene alterations: Clinical management of a case report and literature review
Authors: Sapuppo Giulia , Giusti Maria Ausilia , Aricò Demetrio , Masucci Romilda , Tavarelli Martina , Russo Marco , Pellegriti Gabriella 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionParathyromatosis is a rare cause of primitive hyperparathyroidism characterized by the presence of numerous parathyroid tissue foci in the neck/mediastinum, due to hyperplasia of parathyroid embryologic residues (primary-form) or to local parathyroid tissue implantation (secondary-form). 63 cases have been described in the literature. In our patient parathyromatosis was due to a combination of two mutations.Case reportA 36-years-old woman was diagnosed with osteoporosis secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism. Subsequent right parathyroidectomy showed a parathyroid adenoma. The follow-up was negative but after 10 years she had a relapse. The genetic screening showed a rare intronic mutation of the MEN1 gene and a heterozygous mutation never described in exon 8 of the CASR gene, coding for the calcium receptor. Calcemia and PTH increased over the years with the onset of nephrocalcinosis and the worsening of osteoporosis despite the therapy with Cinacalcet, bisphosphonates and Vitamin D. She had therefore two additional surgical procedures (parathyroid tissue without malignancy). At follow-up she showed elevated levels of PTH (&gt;1000 pg/ml) and calcium (11.2 mg/dl) and CT scans multiple subcentimetric nodules in the neck/upper mediastinum. Since the 68Ga-DOTATATE showed an increased uptake in the neck/mediastinum, lanreotide was added. After two months there was a significant biochemical response but, unfortunately, after six months, the patient showed a new worsening.Conclusionsa rare case of parathyromatosis due to a combination of two genetic alterations never described. The main issues concern the diagnosis and the radical treatment. Somatostatin analogues may have a useful role in both diagnosis and therapy.
The bibliometric analysis of studies on intracytoplasmic sperm injection from 2002 to 2021
Authors: Shen Xiaoli , Xiao Tianbing , Han Wei , Ye Hong , Zhang Yuanfeng , Huang Guoning 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundInfertility is estimated to occur in 1 out of every 4–7 couples. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a type of assisted reproduction introduced in 1992, has been used across the world for almost all indications of infertility, yielding high pregnancy rates. There is a growing concern worldwide about ICSI since semen quality has declined in recent years, accompanied with the potential risks of this technology. This study aims to analyze the current status and hotspots of ICSI via a bibliometric analysis.MethodsWe retrieved publications on ICSI from the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2002 to 2021. CiteSpace was used to summarize knowledge mapping of subject categories, keywords, and co-citation relationships with the strongest citation bursts. VOSviewer was used to explore co-citation and co-occurrence relationships for countries, organizations, references, authors, and keywords.ResultsA total of 8271 publications were analyzed between 2002 and 2021. The major findings are as follows: the USA, China, Italy, Japan, and Belgium are the top five prolific countries. The Free University of Brussels, University of Copenhagen, University of Valencia, Ghent University, and the University of California San Francisco are the top five contributing organizations. Fertility and Sterility and Human Reproduction are the most productive and cited journals. The hotspot topics are risks of ICSI, oocyte preservation, live birth rate, infertile men, and embryo quality in the past two decades.ConclusionThis study presents a research overview of ICSI from different perspectives. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the current status of ICSI research and provide hotspots and trends for future studies.
Storage duration of vitrified embryos does not affect pregnancy and neonatal outcomes after frozen-thawed embryo transfer
Authors: Li Xuelan , Guo Pingping , Blockeel Christophe , Li Xinning , Deng Ling , Yang Jie , Li Chujun , Lin Min , Wu Haocun , Cai Guifeng , Hu Yunzhao , Chen Xin 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundWith the refinement of cryopreservation technology, the number of frozen-warmed embryo transfer (FET) cycles and cryopreserved embryos has increased rapidly. However, studies investigating the effect of storage duration on pregnancy outcomes after vitrification are limited and their results are controversial. Furthermore, the available studies did not take patients’ demographic nor clinical treatment characteristics into account and the cryo-storage duration was short. So this study aimed to explore the effect of storage duration of vitrified warmed embryos on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in patients with good prognosis and long storage duration of vitrified embryos.MethodsThis study was a bi-centre, retrospective study including 1037 women undergoing their first FET cycles following a fresh cycle from January 2012 until December 2021. Patients were divided into four storage groups in accordance with the storage duration of transferred embryos (612 patients in group I, with storage duration between 1 and 6 months; 202 patients in group II, with storage duration between 7 and 12 months; 141 patients in group III, with storage duration between 13 and 36 months; and 76 patients in group IV, with storage duration between 37 and 84 months). The pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were compared amongst different storage duration groups.ResultsAmongst the different groups, no significant differences were observed in the pregnancy outcomes, including biochemical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate and live birth rate. In addition, no evidence of differences amongst different storage duration groups was observed in terms of preterm birth, birth length and low birthweight.ConclusionsThe pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of embryos after vitrification were not impaired by storage duration up to 7 years.
Clinical and genetic analysis VSX1 variants among families with keratoconus in northwest China
Authors: Zhang Jinjin , Cai Bo , Ma Limei , Qin Yixuan , Li Shuai , Sun Caihong , Liang Jing , Han Yu , Zhuang Wenjuan 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To screen VSX1 gene sequence variations and describe the clinical features of families with keratoconus (KC) from northwest China.Methods: We screened VSX1 sequence variations and clinical data of 37 families including 37 probands with diagnosed KC from Ningxia Eye Hospital (China). VSX1 was screened by targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and verified by Sanger sequencing. In silico analysis including Mutation Taster, MutationAssessor, PROVEAN, MetaLR, FATHMM, M-CAP, FATHMM-XF_coding and DANN was performed to identify the pathogenicity of the sequence variations as well as the conserved amino acid variations of VSX1 was implemented by Clustal X. All subjects were assessed in Pentacam Scheimpflug tomography and corneal biomechanical Corvis ST examinations.Results: Five VSX1 gene variants, were identified in six (16.2%) unrelated families with KC. In silico analysis predicted deleterious effects of the three missense variants (p.G342E, p.G160V, and p.L17V) in the encoded protein. Another previously reported synonymous variation (p.R27R) in the first exon and one heterozygous change in the first intron (c.425-73C&gt;T) were identified in three KC families. Clinical examination of the asymptomatic first-degree parents from these six families who shared the gene with the proband had suspected KC changes in topographic and biomechanical markers. These variants co-segregated with the disease phenotype in all affected individuals but not in unaffected family members or healthy controls, though with variable expressivity.Conclusion: The variant p.G342E of VSX1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of KC, which expands the range of the spectrum of VSX1 mutations with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern and variable expression in the clinical phenotype. Genetic screening combined with clinical phenotype may help in the genetic counseling of patients with KC and identification of individuals with subclinical KC.