bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical solutions to inverse nodal problems for the Sturm–Liouville operator and their applications
Authors: Wang Yu Ping , Tsai Tzong-Mo , Akbarpoor Shahrbanoo , Shieh Chung-Tsun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we apply numerical methods to study inverse nodal problems for the Sturm–Liouville operator. At first, we find an approximate function of the potential from the nodal points of the

(

n
+
1

)

{(n+1)}

-th eigenfunction and three constants via the second kind Chebyshev wavelet method (SCW). We have a sharp condition for uniform convergence of Chebyshev series and an error estimate between the approximate solution and exact solution of the potential. Then, a numerical example is provided to show that the approximate solutions become more accurate and the errors decrease as the values of n increase. Also, we show the comparison of SCW with Bernstein method. Finally, we present an application of numerical solutions to reconstruct the potential from parts of nodal set and its mean value. Compared with some well-known results, the nodal data used here is least.
Silicon photonic modulators with a 2 × 1 Fabry–Perot cavity
Authors: Cao Hengzhen , Xie Jin , Sun Weichao , Zhu Mingyu , Xiang Yuluan , Zhang Gong , Guo Jingshu , Shi Yaocheng , Dai Daoxin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Silicon photonics modulators based on a 2 × 1 Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity, which is circulator-free, are proposed and demonstrated by introducing two asymmetric multimode-waveguide grating (AMWG) reflectors and a short straight modulation section with interleaved PN junctions. In particular, the straight modulation section in the FP cavity is broadened to be far beyond the single-mode regime, alleviating the inherent sensitivity to the variations of waveguide dimensions and thus reducing stochastic resonance-wavelength variations. The Q factor of the FP cavity is manipulated by optimally manipulating the reflection of the AMWGs, and the modulation bandwidth is enhanced to be over 40 GHz by utilizing the optical peaking enhancement effect, which happens when operating at the wavelength slightly detuning to its resonance wavelength. Eye diagrams for high-speed modulation with 50 Gbps are also demonstrated in experiments. Finally, wafer-level measurement is conducted by characterizing the silicon photonic modulators based on the 2 × 1 FP cavity and a conventional microring fabricated on the same chip, experimentally revealing an average improvement of 43 % in minimizing the random resonance-wavelength variation, which is attributed to the implementation of broadening the straight modulation section in the FP cavity.
Combination of oxabicycloheptene sulfonate (OBHS) and antidiabetic drugs synergistically inhibits proliferation in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Wang Kexin , Huang Jian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Oxabicycloheptene sulfonate (OBHS), a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), demonstrates the potential to exert antineoplastic effects and modulate abnormal glycometabolism in BC cells. However, mono-chemotherapy therapy doesn’t always achieve full anticancer effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of combining OBHS with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) or metformin on BC in an attempt to establish effective new combinations.

Methods
Impacts of OBHS alone and the combinations on cell cycle progression, cell viability, mitochondrial function, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated gene levels, and the concentrations of glucose, lactate, and seven glycolysis kinases.

Results
Our findings demonstrate that both combinations involving OBHS significantly reduced BC cell viability and proliferation. Besides, the synergy of their combinations in MCF-7 cells (10 μmol/L OBHS and 20 μmol/L 2-DG or 10 μmol/L metformin) and T47D cells (30 μmol/L OBHS and 25 μmol/L 2-DG or 20 μmol/L metformin) on the loss of cell mitochondrial integrity, the triggering of mitochondria-mediated cell apoptosis, and potentially metabolic regulation were shown compared to each drug alone. Furthermore, in regulating tumor cell metastasis, the combination of OBHS and two antidiabetic drugs synergistically suppressed the expression of mesenchymal cell markers within BC cells in comparison with monotherapy.

Conclusions
Based on the findings, the synergistic effect of OBHS and 2-DG/metformin on cytotoxicity may be mediated through intrinsic mitochondria-mediated cell apoptosis to inhibit cell proliferation and reprogram the glycometabolism, which achieved the possible anticancer effect. This is an indication that OBHS combined with 2-DG/metformin was a potentially effective treatment strategy for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive BC.
Toward sustainable bioproducts from lignocellulosic biomass: Influence of chemical pretreatments on liquefied walnut shells
Authors: Jovičić Nives , Krička Tajana , Antonović Alan , Matin Božidar , Pezo Lato , Brandić Ivan , Matin Ana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The depletion of resources and the generation of significant waste pose considerable environmental challenges. Post-utilization of walnut kernels leaves behind substantial amounts of shells as the unused residue. Walnut shells find application in various production processes, offering an opportunity to mitigate environmental impacts through resource utilization. This study investigates the influence of chemical pretreatment on the properties of liquefied lignocellulosic biomass, specifically focusing on walnut shells as a prominent lignocellulosic material. The results reveal that samples subjected to alcohol pretreatment exhibited the lowest degree of liquefaction (85.00% at 120°C for 45 min), while the highest degree of liquefaction was observed in samples after alkaline pretreatment (90.76% at 90°C for 15 min). Analyzing functional groups in liquefied walnut shell biomass, formed during the addition of polyhydric alcohols, glycols, and organic acids, underscores its potential for diverse bioproducts. Pretreatment significantly increases the hydroxyl (OH) number, irrespective of the type, temperature, and duration of chemical pretreatment. Compared to the untreated sample, alkali pretreatment produces the highest OH number (1288.03 KOH/g), surpassing mean values after acid and alcohol pretreatment. The results highlight the efficacy of chemical pretreatment in tailoring the properties of liquefied walnut shell biomass, addressing the challenges associated with resource depletion and waste accumulation.
Smith’s reduction for random processes and application for stochastic differential equations
Authors: Boudref Mohamed-Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The main focus of this work is a result related to multidimensional
stochastic differential equations and one-dimensional SDEs (stochastic
differential equations), using the Smith’s π-projection approach. This
method is a commonly used technique in mathematics to simplify complex
systems by projecting them onto lower-dimensional spaces, which can
facilitate analysis and resolution. In the context of multidimensional
stochastic processes (i.e., systems involving multiple random variables),
extending the Smith’s π-projection approach we mention would likely
involve defining a multidimensional version of this projection. This could
include extending the concepts of projection and dimension reduction to
multiple random variables, as well as analyzing how these projections can
simplify multidimensional stochastic differential equations.
As an application, we will prove the existence of almost periodic solutions
to n-dimensional stochastic differential equations using the Smith
projection. In fact, we will generalize the result from the article [M.-A. Boudref and A. Berboucha,
Existence of almost periodic solutions of stochastic differential equations with periodic coefficients,
Random Oper. Stoch. Equ. 25 2017, 1, 57–70] to dimensions

n
>
1

{n>1}

.
Introduction to Media and Extraction: On the Extractive Film
Authors: Jaikumar Priya , Grieveson Lee 
Published: January 2025

Accounts of how films have facilitated the transformation of our planet, its biota, minerals, and matter into resources for racial capitalism through cycles of conquest, enslavement, and the elemental separation of “human” from “nature” can feel like a profound indictment of film itself—a relentless and brutal disenchantment with cinema. And yet, as this stream on “The Extractive Film” shows, it is through the careful parsing of film’s technical apparatus, archives, institutions of sponsorship, creative affiliations, and formal registration or elision of such histories that we begin to see the scale and scandal of exploitation foundational to global modernity. When held as a witness and testimonial to the industrial reshaping of multiple worlds and communities, film becomes an unfaithful ally to the extractive industries that have deployed the medium. _The banner image for this article is by Sandeep Mukherjee, Untitled (Horizon 8), 2009; Acrylic, acrylic ink and needle embossing on duralene; 19 x 24 inches. Courtesy of the artist https://www.sandeepmukherjeeart.com_
Is hypercalcaemia immediately life-threatening? A prospective study
Authors: Trewick David , Le Borgne Mathilde , Regnault Julie , Guimard Camille 
Published: January 2025

Objective
Hypercalcaemia is often considered as an emergency because of a potential risk of life-threatening arrhythmias or coma. However, there is little evidence, apart from case studies, that hypercalcaemia can be immediately life-threatening. The aim of our study was to prospectively assess whether hypercalcaemia (Ca ≥ 3 mmol/L) was associated with immediately life-threatening complications.

Design and methods
We conducted a prospective observational study aiming to include the first one hundred patients aged ≥18 who had a calcium concentration ≥3 mmol/L, admitted to the emergency department (ED). The primary outcome was the number of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, sinus arrest and second- or third-degree atrioventricular blocks) or neurological complications defined by a Glasgow Coma Scale score <9 during the stay in the ED. The secondary outcomes were correlation between calcium concentrations and ECG (electrocardiogram) QTc intervals, Glasgow Coma Scale scores and mortality during the following 12-month follow-up period.

Results
The median calcium concentration was 3.3 mmol/L (3.1–3.7). Cancer was the first cause of hypercalcaemia. No patient presented a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia during their stay in the ED. Three patients presented a life-threatening neurological complication. There was no correlation between calcaemia and QTc intervals or Glasgow Coma Scale score. Prognosis was poor, and 43 patients died during the 12 months.

Conclusions
We found no cases of immediately life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Three patients had indeed a life-threatening neurological complication but always had at least one other major factor that could severely alter mental status, such as profound metabolic acidosis.

Significance statement
This paper aims to revisit what most physicians, whether specialists or not, consider to be scientifically proven facts concerning the immediate threat caused by hypercalcaemia. Its novelty is threefold: first, this is the only prospective study that exists to date studying the life-threatening consequences of hypercalcaemia; second, having included one hundred patients, we found no life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, which is not what would be expected if one reads guidelines concerning hypercalcaemia; and third, life-threatening neurological complications were very rare and only occurred in patients with at least one other major cause of altered neurological status, such as severe metabolic acidosis or hypernatraemia.
Association between individual urinary iodine concentrations in pregnant women and maternal/newborn outcomes
Authors: Bolfi Fernanda , Marum Maryan Borcsik , Fonseca Samantha Ellen da Silva , Mazeto Glaucia M F S , Nogueira Celia Regina , Nunes-Nogueira Vania dos Santos 
Published: January 2025

Objective
To assess whether individual diagnosis of low urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in pregnant women is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Methods
Studies that compared pregnant women with UIC <150 μg/L and those with UIC 150–249 μg/L were systematically reviewed. MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS and CENTRAL were our source databases. Selection of studies, risk-of-bias assessment and data extraction were performed in pairs and independently. Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated as an estimate of the effect of iodine <150 μg/L. Stata software was used to perform meta-analyses. The quality of evidence was determined according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Results
In total, 7000 studies were identified, of which 63 were included. With low or very low certainty of the evidence, no difference in the incidence of miscarriage (RR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.64–1.18, 6 studies, 4855 participants), maternal hypothyroidism (RR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.68–1.60, 10 studies, 11,773 participants), preterm birth (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.97–1.48, 13 studies, 15,644 participants), stillbirths (RR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.34–1.82, 6 studies, 3406 participants), low birth weight (RR: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.88–1.78, 10 studies, 10,775 participants) and small for gestational age (RR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.90–1.37, 5 studies, 4266 participants) was observed between the two groups.

Conclusion
In pregnant women, individual diagnosis of UIC <150 μg/L was not associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, emphasizing UIC as a limited method to assess individual iodine status during pregnancy.
Comparative Study of Voltammetric Analysis with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry in Determining the Results of Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Samarium (III)
Authors: Wyantuti Santhy , Nurwulanda Salsha , Mardiah Najmah , Anggraeni Anni , Pratomo Uji , Fauzia Retna Putri , Bahti Husein H. 
Published: January 2025

Rare earth elements (REEs) are garnering significant attention in diverse fields due to their important and fascinating properties. Among these REEs, samarium (Sm) has numerous advantages and benefits. Before using Sm, it must be separated from its natural sources due to the formation of complex compounds with other elements. To achieve this, liquid-liquid extraction emerges as one of the REE separation methods, presenting several advantages, including a streamlined process. Various methods can be used to analyze extraction results, such as ICP-MS and XRF. In comparison, UV-Vis spectrophotometry has significant advantages compared to other methods, it provides a simple approach to determining the level of a substance, and the results given are quite accurate, while differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) is one of the electrochemical analysis methods that is expected to provide faster and accurate analysis results. This study aims to determine the value of analytical parameters, Kd of Sm(III) liquid-liquid extraction results using DPV analysis and UV-Vis spectrophotometry methods. The DPV method yielded LoD 1.24 mg/L, accuracy 98.39%, and %recovery 106.69%. The extraction data obtained Kd Sm values ranging from 6.0019-7.3860. The UV-Vis spectrophotometry results provided an individual extraction efficiency of Sm(III) of 88.54%. This method obtained LoD 0.71 mg/L, accuracy 96.00%, and %recovery 104.00%.
Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking Studies and Pharmaceutical Evaluation of some Novel [1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4-B][1,3,4]Thiadiazole
Authors: Mekky Athraa Hameed , Hamed Fadil M. , Hassan Bassam A. 
Published: January 2025

A new series of fused [1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole 4a-4e have been synthesized by many steps. Firstly, benzohydrazide [1] has been synthesized from the reaction of methyl benzoate with hydrazine hydrate. Secondly, the cyclization reaction of benzohydrazide with carbon disulfide in the presence of potassium hydroxide produced 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol[2]. Thirdly,5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol[2] was treated with potassium hydroxide using pyridine to give 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol. Finally, the fused [1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4-B][1,3,4]Thiadiazole 4a-4e were synthesized from the reaction of 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol[3], with various aromatic aldehydes. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds have been confirmed based on spectral studies. The new novel compounds exhibited anticancer activity docking with C-Met tyrosin kinase receptor as shown by their docking scores ranging between -3.506 to -4.468 Kcal/mol as compared to standard crizotinib binding affinity is to -3.211Kcal/mol for anticancer efficiency. The newly synthesized triazole thiadiazole derivatives were evaluated for their in-vitro cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines. It was found that compounds 4b and 4c showed higher cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell line and no cytotoxic effect on normal cell line HdFn.
A Hospital-Based Initiative for Infant Safe Sleep Practice
Authors: Decker Caryn M. , Dunlevey Elizabeth , Nguyen Lien , Stence Kathy Jo , McCarty Erin , Jean-Charles Tamala Gondwe , Trego Tara , Ma Zhen-qiang 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES
To assess whether exposure to an infant safe sleep initiative was associated with maternal report of infant safe sleep practice at home and to identify other predictive factors.

METHODS
After linking Pennsylvania data on infant safe sleep initiative implementation at 27 hospitals to birth certificate and Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 2017 to 2021, we generated descriptive statistics to compare infant safe sleep practice and other characteristics between respondents exposed to the initiative and all other PRAMS respondents with a hospital birth. Using multivariable logistic regression, we modeled the association between exposure to the initiative and maternal self-report of placing their infant to sleep on their back, on a separate surface, without soft objects, or room sharing without bed sharing.

RESULTS
PRAMS respondents who gave birth in a hospital that had implemented the infant safe sleep initiative were more likely to report placing their infant on their back to sleep, on a separate sleep surface, or without soft objects compared with those who were not exposed to the initiative after adjusting for maternal characteristics and birth parameters. No significant effect was observed on room sharing without bed sharing. When the overall number of reported infant safe sleep practices reported by respondents was considered as an outcome, the association with exposure to the safe sleep initiative persisted.

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the association between exposure to a hospital-based infant safe sleep initiative and subsequent safe sleep practice at home. Additional study on the equity of such initiatives may be warranted.
Географическая близость родственников и переезды пожилых людей: исследование на основе данных регистров населения Норвегии и Швеции
Authors: Артамонова Алёна Вячеславовна 
Published: January 2025

Семья остается одним из важнейших источников поддержки для пожилых людей. Географическая близость членов семьи имеет важные последствия для частоты контактов, обмена межпоколенными трансфертами, эмоциональных связей, благополучия пожилых людей, а также для увеличивающегося спроса на формальный и неформальный уход. В свете старения населения и растущего давления на устойчивость системы ухода за пожилыми данное исследование, посвященное географической близости между членами семей и переездам в пожилом возрасте, вносит вклад в изучение внутренней миграции, старения, семейных отношений и социального обеспечения. Исследование также дает новую информацию политикам и практикам, заинтересованным в более сбалансированном участии государства и семьи в системе ухода.
Главный вопрос исследования заключался в следующем: как жизненные обстоятельства пожилых людей связаны с их собственной миграционной активностью и активностью их родственников (включая переезд пожилых людей в учреждения интернатного типа)? Мы использовали полные данные регистров населения Норвегии и Швеции, чтобы изучить роль таких жизненных обстоятельств как, потребности в профессиональном уходе, серьезные проблемы со здоровьем (операционализированные как «близость к дате смерти»), а также отсутствие основных членов семьи (супругов и/или взрослых детей) в миграционном поведении пожилых. Включение в модели дополнительных детерминант миграционного поведения, таких как связи с другими членами семьи, гендер, использование формальных услуг по уходу и контекстуальные различия в местах проживания (т. е. муниципальные характеристики), помогли детализировать ответ на наш исследовательский вопрос.
Миграционный потенциал Калининградской области: миграционные настроения и намерения жителей эксклава
Authors: Лялина Анна Валентиновна , Волошенко Ксения Юрьевна 
Published: January 2025

Миграционный потенциал Калининградской области проанализирован с позиций миграционных настроений и намерений жителей региона сменить место постоянного проживания по результатам проведенного социологического опроса населения региона в возрасте 18-50 лет весной 2024 г. Анализируется влияние роста геополитической напряженности на западных рубежах страны, в частности вокруг эксклава, после 2022 г. Исследуется также воздействие ухудшения социально-экономической динамики развития региона, ассоциированного с санкционным режимом, на желание покинуть его. Исследование направлено на обоснование региональной специфики формирования миграционного потенциала эксклавной Калининградской области и его роли в изменении трудового потенциала. Отдельное внимание уделяется рассмотрению миграционной подвижности и миграционного опыта, миграционных настроений и намерений жителей Калининградской области. Для российского эксклава в целом подтверждается обусловленность миграционных настроений и установок миграционным опытом и миграционной подвижностью, которые подкрепляются разветвленными социальными связями как на территории России, так и за ее пределами. Формирование миграционных установок в значительной степени ограничивают финансовые возможности населения. Демографические и пространственные характеристики миграционного потенциала Калининградской области в целом не выделяют его на фоне других российских регионов. Результаты указывают на несоответствие ожиданий респондентов в части трудоустройства и реализации трудового потенциала, и о невысокой удовлетворенности экономическими условиями проживания в регионе, что является причиной выталкивания специалистов из него. В этой связи влияние миграционного потенциала при дальнейшем усилении миграционных настроений будет иметь значительные последствия в части снижения трудового потенциала эксклава. В первую очередь это коснется увеличения профессионально-квалификационных диспропорций на рынке труда, а также дефицита специалистов, подготовка которых не ведется или представлена в регионе в недостаточном объеме. Выявленная региональная специфика миграционного потенциала эксклава формирует реальные угрозы в части обеспечения его устойчивого функционирования и экономического развития в будущем.