bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spike‐based Self‐Calibration for Enhanced Accuracy in Self‐powered Pressure Sensing
Authors: Han Chankyu , Choi Jungrak , Ahn Junseong , Kim Hyunjin , Ha Ji‐Hwan , Han Hyeonseok , Cho Seokjoo , Jeong Yongrok , Gu Jimin , Park Inkyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSelf‐powered pressure sensors are gaining popularity in human–machine interaction and mobile systems for their energy efficiency. Among the many types of self‐powered sensors, triboelectric sensors have numerous advantages, including diversity of materials, ease of fabrication, and high voltage output. However, their signal is prone to be affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors including environmental change and discharging, which can significantly deteriorate the accuracy of measurement. To address this, a simple yet effective solution is proposed: a mechanically induced spike‐based self‐calibration method for a triboelectric pressure sensor. The sensor generates two signals: an open‐circuit voltage and a spiking calibration voltage, enabling real‐time calculation of current surface charge density. The calibration signal generates a spike at each predetermined discrete pressure change, whether positive or negative direction, denoting the corresponding direction of the pressure variation. This system successfully calibrates signals from various effects, including humidity change (20%–80%), discharging (over 10 days), and charge accumulation. This sensor has potential applications in precision agriculture for efficient crop harvesting and packaging in diverse environmental conditions.
High‐Performance Flexible MoS2 Transistors Using Au/Cr/Al/Au as Source/Drain Electrodes
Authors: Yang Hui , Chen Xi , Wu Dongping , Fang Xiaosheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenides such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) are promising candidates for flexible electronics because of their bandgap tunability, high carrier mobility, and mechanical flexibility. However, flexible MoS2 field effect transistors (FETs) are typically faced with high contact resistance which is identified as a critical limiting factor to their potential applications. The present work successfully addresses this challenge by using Al contacts without any annealing process. It is found that the contact resistance is strongly coupled to the Al thickness, increasing the Al thickness is beneficial to reduce the contact resistance. The observed variation in the device electrical characteristics can be associated with the formation of the natural aluminum oxide (AlxOy) film at the interface. An ultrathin Au insert layer can further advance the device performance. An optimal contact resistance of 2.03 kΩ and an on/off current ratio of 1.57 × 109 can be achieved in the flexible MoS2 FETs using Au/Cr/Al/Au as source/drain electrodes. Furthermore, no apparent degradation in the device properties is observed under systematic cyclic bending testing with bending radii of 18 and 15 mm. The successful integration of Au/Cr/Al/Au source/drain electrodes into MoS2 FETs promises its potential application in flexible electronic devices.
Polymer‐Based Solid‐State Electrolytes for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries – Review
Authors: Lu Xiao , Wang Yumei , Xu Xiaoyu , Yan Binggong , Wu Tian , Lu Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPortable electronic devices and electric vehicles have become indispensable in daily life and caused an increasing demand for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with high‐energy‐density. This work compares the intrinsic characteristics and Li+ conduction mechanisms of various electrolytes, aiming at emphasizing their suitability for high‐energy‐density LIBs. Among all electrolytes, polymer‐based solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) are the most promising candidates, as they demonstrate the most comprehensive properties. The advantages and disadvantages of commonly used polymer matrix materials of SSEs are discussed, along with typical approaches to address their limitations. As significant issues for high‐energy‐density and cycle stability, the development related to the cathode/electrolyte interfacial contact and wetting, interfacial electrochemical compatibility, and interfacial Li+ conduction in LIBs employing polymer‐based SSEs, as well as the anode/electrolyte interfacial chemical stability and lithium dendrite suppression are comprehensively reviewed and analyzed. Finally, perspectives on future research directions for developing high‐energy‐density LIBs are highlighted building upon the existing literature.
Data‐driven state observation for nonlinear systems based on online learning
Authors: Tang Wentao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor controlling nonlinear processes represented by state‐space models, a state observer is needed to estimate the states from the trajectories of measured variables. While model‐based observer synthesis is traditionally challenging due to the difficulty of solving pertinent partial differential equations, this article proposes an efficient model‐free, data‐driven approach for state observation, which is suitable for data‐driven nonlinear control without accurate nonlinear models. Specifically, by using a Chen–Fliess series representation of the observer dynamics, state observation is endowed with an online least squares regression formulation that can be solved by gradient flow with performance guarantees. When the target state trajectories for regression are unavailable, by exploiting the Kazantzis–Kravaris/Luenberger observer structure, state observation is reduced to a dimensionality reduction problem amenable to an online implementation of kernel principal component analysis. The proposed approach is demonstrated by a limit cycle dynamics and a chaotic system.
Sex differences in the association between tau PET and cognitive performance in a non‐Hispanic White cohort with preclinical AD
Authors: Wang Xin , Sundermann Erin E. , Buckley Rachel F. , Banks Sarah J. ,   the A4 Study Team
Published: August 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated how the associations between tau and cognitive measures differ by sex in the preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) stage.METHODSA total of 343 cognitively unimpaired, amyloid‐positive individuals (205 women, 138 men) who self‐identified as non‐Hispanic White from the Anti‐Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) Study were included. We assessed sex‐stratified associations between 18F‐flortaucipir positron emission tomography (PET) standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in the meta‐temporal region and Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC) and Computerized Cognitive Composite (C3) components.RESULTSWe observed that higher tau level was significantly associated with worse cognitive performance only in women: PACC and its components except for Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) and C3 components: First Letter Name Recall (FNLT) and One‐Card Learning Reaction Time (OCL RT). These associations except for FNLT were apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 independent.DISCUSSIONWomen show stronger associations between tau PET and cognitive outcomes in preclinical AD. These findings have important implications for sex‐specific tau‐targeted preventive AD clinical trials.Highlights
The tau positron emission tomography (PET) signal in the meta‐temporal region was associated with poor cognitive performance in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD).
After sex stratification, the associations between regional tau PET and cognitive outcomes were observed only in women.
The associations between tau PET and some cognitive outcomes were independent of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4.
Characterizing the emergence of amyloid and tau burden in Down syndrome
Authors: Zammit Matthew D. , Betthauser Tobey J. , McVea Andrew K. , Laymon Charles M. , Tudorascu Dana L. , Johnson Sterling C. , Hartley Sigan L. , Converse Alexander K. , Minhas Davneet S. , Zaman Shahid H. , Ances Beau M. , Stone Charles K. , Mathis Chester A. , Cohen Annie D. , Klunk William E. , Handen Benjamin L. , Christian Bradley T. ,   the Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium – Down Syndrome
Published: August 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlmost all individuals with Down syndrome (DS) will develop neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding AD biomarker trajectories is necessary for DS‐specific clinical interventions and interpretation of drug‐related changes in the disease trajectory.METHODSA total of 177 adults with DS from the Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium‐Down Syndrome (ABC‐DS) underwent positron emission tomography (PET) and MR imaging. Amyloid‐beta (Aβ) trajectories were modeled to provide individual‐level estimates of Aβ‐positive (A+) chronicity, which were compared against longitudinal tau change.RESULTSElevated tau was observed in all NFT regions following A+ and longitudinal tau increased with respect to A+ chronicity. Tau increases in NFT regions I‐III was observed 0–2.5 years following A+. Nearly all A+ individuals had tau increases in the medial temporal lobe.DISCUSSIONThese findings highlight the rapid accumulation of amyloid and early onset of tau relative to amyloid in DS and provide a strategy for temporally characterizing AD neuropathology progression that is specific to the DS population and independent of chronological age.Highlights
Longitudinal amyloid trajectories reveal rapid Aβ accumulation in Down syndrome
NFT stage tau was strongly associated with A+ chronicity
Early longitudinal tau increases were observed 2.5–5 years after reaching A+
Manganese/Cobalt Bimetallic Relay Catalysis for Divergent Dehydrogenative Difluoroalkylation of Alkenes
Authors: Zhong Tao , Gu Chengyihan , Li Yuhang , Huang Jun , Han Jian , Zhu Chengjian , Han Jie , Xie Jin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe involvement of manganese radical for halogen atom transfer (XAT) reactions has been esteemed as one reliable method but encountered with limited catalytic models. In this paper, a novel bimetallic relay catalysis of Mn2(CO)10 and cobaloxime has been developed for divergent dehydrogenative difluoroalkylation of alkenes using commercially available difluoroalkyl bromides. A wide range of structurally diverse terminal, cyclic and internal alkenes as well as tetrasubstituted alkenes are found to be good coupling partners to deliver difluoroalkylated allylic products and difluoromethylated cyclic products, accompanied with the production of H2 as the by‐product. This bimetallic relay strategy features broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions and excellent functional group compatibility. Its success represents an important step‐forward to expedite the construction of a rich library of difluoroalkylated products.
Effect of process impurities on crystallization thermodynamics and nucleation kinetics of taurine
Authors: Chen Zhirong , Ding Gaojie , Yuan Shenfeng , Yin Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSolubility and metastable zone width (MSZW) are the basis for purifying products by crystallization. The effects of two process impurities, sodium isethionate (SI) and sodium N‐(β‐ethyl sulfonic acid) aminoethyl sulfonate (SA), on taurine solubility and MSZW in water under different conditions were studied. Solubility and MSZW were measured by laser transmission method. The results show that the process impurities can increase solubility slightly but increase MSZW significantly. The weak solubilization might be due to the antagonism of salting‐out effect and structural similarity between taurine and impurities. Combining the viscosities and parameters calculated by nucleation models, the reason for the different effects of the two impurities on MSZW was studied. The fitting and experiment results show that the solid–liquid interfacial energy γeff was increased by 9.1% and the viscosity by 5.4% at 303.15 K in the presence of SI (0.12 mol per kilo H2O). Meanwhile, γeff was increased by 90.4% and the viscosity by 10.5% with SA added (0.12 mol per kilo H2O). Changes in thermodynamic factors (solubility, γeff) and kinetic factors (viscosity) caused by impurities contribute to the extension of MSZW. This study expands the understanding of the role of process impurities in taurine crystallization.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Synthesis of α‐Ketoamides via Oxidative Amination of 2‐Bromoacetophenones Using Eosin Y as a Photoredox Catalyst
Authors: Kishor Kaushal , Prabhakar Neha Sharma , Singh Krishna Nand 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn oxidative amination of 2‐bromoacetophenones has been accomplished to provide α‐ketoamides by using photoredox catalysis with air as oxidant. The reactants are readily accessible, and the method is endowed with broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. The practicality of the approach is also shown by a gram‐scale reaction.
Validation of a 3D‐printed robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy training model
Authors: Hermans Thomas , Snoeks Joren M. , vom Dorp Frank , Wiesner Christoph , Steiner Thomas , von Rundstedt Friedrich‐Carl 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesMost renal tumours can be treated with a partial nephrectomy, with robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy becoming the new gold standard. This procedure is challenging to learn in a live setting, especially the enucleation and renorraphy phases. In this study, we attempted to evaluate face, content, and preliminary construct validity of a 3D‐printed silicone renal tumour model in robotic training for robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy.Materials and MethodsWe compared the operative results of three groups of surgeons with different experience levels (>20 partial nephrectomies, 1–20 partial nephrectomies and no experience at all) performing a robotic tumour excision of a newly developed silicone model with four embedded 3D‐printed renal tumours. We evaluated the participants' performance using surgical margins, excision time, total preserved parenchyma, tumour injury and GEARS score (as assessed by two blinded experts) for construct validity. Postoperatively, the participants were asked to complete a survey to evaluate the usefulness, realism and difficulty of the model as a training and/or evaluation model. NASA‐TLX scores were used to evaluate the operative workload.ResultsThirty‐six participants were recruited, each group consisting of 10–14 participants. The operative performance was significantly better in the expert group as compared to the beginner group. NASA‐TLX scores proved the model to be of an acceptable difficulty level.Expert group survey results showed an average score of 6.3/10 on realism of the model, 8.2/10 on the usefulness as training model and 6.9/10 score on the usefulness as an evaluation tool. GEARS scores showed a non‐significant tendency to improve between trials, emphasizing its potential as a training model.ConclusionFace and content validity of our 3D renal tumour model were demonstrated. The vast majority of participants found the model realistic and useful for training and for evaluation. To evaluate construct and predictive validity, we require further research, aiming to compare the results of 3D‐model trained surgeons with those of untrained surgeons in real‐life surgery.
Theorising the potential of physical education and school sport to support the educational engagement, transitions and outcomes of care‐experienced young people
Authors: Sandford Rachel , Quarmby Thomas , Hooper Oliver 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMuch research highlights the potential of physical education and school sport (PESS) to provide personal, social and educational benefits for young people. As such, it is suggested that PESS contexts could be particularly relevant to pupils who might be considered marginalised or ‘at risk’—including care‐experienced young people—affording opportunities to gain skills, connections and experiences to aid a positive educational trajectory. This paper presents findings from an empirical project that explored the role of sport/physical activity within the day‐to‐day lives of care‐experienced young people in England. A participatory methodology, underpinned by a youth voice perspective, was employed to generate data via semi‐structured, activity‐based focus groups with care‐experienced young people (aged 8–21 years) and via narrative interviews with care leavers (aged 23–32 years). Data were analysed using inductive and deductive procedures in a process also informed by the work of Bourdieu. Drawing on data related specifically to PESS contexts, this paper looks to theorise the potential of PESS to support the educational engagement, transitions and outcomes of care‐experienced young people. It demonstrates how this context can support the acquisition of physical, social and cultural capital, which can both facilitate engagement and support personal outcomes. In addition, it documents how social support provided within/through PESS can be promotive of positive transitions into further and higher education contexts. As such, it can be recognised as a valuable site within the educational landscape for care‐experienced young people.
Toehold switch plus signal amplification enables rapid detection
Authors: Morey Kevin , Thomas‐Fenderson Tyler , Watson Al , Sebesta Jacob , Peebles Christie , Gentry‐Weeks Claudia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent world events have led to an increased interest in developing rapid and inexpensive clinical diagnostic platforms for viral detection. Here, the development of a cell‐free toehold switch‐based biosensor, which does not require upstream amplification of target RNA, is described for the detection of RNA viruses. Toehold switches were designed to avoid interfering secondary structure in the viral RNA binding region, mutational hotspots, and cross‐reacting sequences of other coronaviruses. Using these design criteria, toehold switches were targeted to a low mutation region of the SARS‐CoV‐2 genome nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2). The designs were tested in a cell‐free system using trigger RNA based on the viral genome and a highly sensitive fluorescent reporter gene, mNeonGreen. The detection sensitivity of our best toehold design, CSU 08, was in the low picomolar range of target (trigger) RNA. To increase the sensitivity of our cell‐free biosensor to a clinically relevant level, we developed a modular downstream amplification system that utilizes toehold switch activation of tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease expression. The TEV protease cleaves a quenched fluorescent reporter, both increasing the signal fold change between control and sample and increasing the sensitivity to a clinically relevant low femtomolar range for target RNA detection.
CRISPR/Cas systems for in situ imaging of intracellular nucleic acids: Concepts and applications
Authors: Chen Kun , Wang Yufei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAccurate and precise localization of intracellular nucleic acids is crucial for regulating genetic information transcription and diagnosing diseases. Although intracellular nucleic acid imaging methods are available for various cell types, their widespread utilization is impeded by the intricate nature of the process and its exorbitant cost. Recently, numerous intracellular nucleic acid labeling techniques based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) have been established due to their modularity, flexibility, and specificity. In this work, we present various CRISPR methods that are currently employed for visualizing intracellular genomic sequences and RNA, based on their detection principles and application scenarios. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the existing CRISPR imaging methods, as well as future research directions. We anticipate that with continued refinement, more advanced CRISPR‐based imaging techniques can be developed to better elucidate the localization and dynamics of intracellular nucleic acids, thereby providing a powerful tool for molecular biology research and clinical molecular pathology diagnosis.
The progress of fabrication designs of polymeric microneedles and related biomedical applications
Authors: Jiang Xue , Zhang Wen , Terry Richard , Li Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicroneedles (MNs) have been broadly used for transdermal delivery of a variety of drugs, ranging from small chemicals to biological macromolecules, due to the properties of increased drug permeability, minimal invasiveness and improved patient compliance. Despite these MNs can be made of different materials, such as metal, silicon, and glass, polymers have attracted the most attention as a microneedle (MN) matrix because of their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, which eliminates the requirement of MN removal after drug release. To satisfy different needs of transdermal drug delivery, polymeric MNs have been fabricated with several special designs. In this review, we summarize the advancement of the fabrication designs of polymeric MNs, including integrated MNs, two‐segment MNs, core‐shell or multi‐layered MNs, and arrowhead MNs. The related biomedical applications of MNs with these different specific designs are also discussed. Finally, we provide our perspectives on the future development of polymeric MNs.
Economic policy uncertainty and income inequality: unveiling the effects of friendly business environment
Authors: Farooq Rafi , Chisti Khalid Ashraf , Rasheed Shahida , Rahman Amir 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent pandemic in the form of COVID‐19 has been associated with increasing income inequalities because of high uncertainty around the globe. As a result, we examined the nexus between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and inequality and how this relation is moderated by friendly business environment reflected by ease of doing business (EODB). To understand the relation among the different dimensions several techniques like fixed effects model, Driscoll and Kraay, and panel quantile regression were employed for a sample of 20 countries ranging for the period of 12 years. Our findings show that EPU contributes to higher levels of overall income inequality (Gini‐Index) and the results are heterogenous across countries, however the concentration of wealth among top 10% rich people gets reduced with increased EPU. Additionally, we find EODB moderating the impact of EPU on income inequality by mitigating the adverse effects of EPU on income inequality. Finally, we combined the results across different proxies and models to propose suggestive policy recommendations.
Risk–return spectrum of investment for going green: Evidence from Indian equity market
Authors: Debnath Pabitra , Dinda Soumyananda 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the risk–return spectrum of investment for going green and sustainability practice in India. This article analyses three sustainability focused index from Indian equity market viz. S&P BSE GREENEX, S&P BSE CARBONEX and S&P BSE ESG 100. Statistical and financial rates, ratios and latest five‐factor model of asset pricing are used for the said purpose. ESG 100 index turned out to be outperformer whereas the other two gave slightly less return than the market benchmark. Volatility is found to be similar to that of the market for all the indexes. Significant increment of wealth of green investors during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic period is another notable finding of the study. Results of this article indicate that investors are getting more return compared to market if they invest in stocks that perform well in sustainability criterion.