bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can group identity explain the gender gap in the recruitment process?
Authors: Asanov Igor , Mavlikeeva Maria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite evidence that the gender gap in the labour market favours men, aggregate findings from correspondence studies show that women are more likely than men to be invited for a job interview. We hypothesize that the predominance of women among recruiters may explain this somewhat puzzling finding; recruiters may favour applicants of their own gender. We use the data from a large‐scale correspondence study to test this hypothesis. As expected, we find that female applicants are more likely to receive callbacks for interview. We also see that in our sample the majority of contact persons responsible for the recruitment process are female. More importantly, we find that if recruiter and applicant are of the same gender, then the likelihood that the applicant will be invited for an interview increases. These findings reveal the gender favouritism at the selection stage in the labour market.
Challenges, coping and resilience in caring for children with disability among immigrant parents: A mixed methods study
Authors: Alsharaydeh Ethar , Alqudah Muhammad , Lee Regina , Chan Sally 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsTo examine the relationships between challenges, coping and resilience among immigrant parents caring for their children with disabilities; and to explore their coping and resilient experiences and the service centre providers' perspectives on these.DesignA sequential explanatory mixed methods study.MethodsThe participants were recruited from seven centres of disability service in Australia between May 2019 and February 2020. Phase 1 consisted of a cross‐sectional survey. Data were collected from 134 immigrant parents. Phase 2 consisted of semi‐structured interviews. Data were collected from nine immigrant parents and nine service providers. The findings from each phase were analysed separately and then integrated to answer the research aims.ResultsImmigrant parents experienced challenges such as overwhelming caretaking responsibilities, lack of supportive social networks and feeling embarrassment over their children's behaviours. They used a variety of coping strategies, including reframing and mobilizing family to acquire and accept help from others to overcome their challenges. They had positive gains from the parental experience. Immigrant parents had a reasonable level of resilience. Those with a higher level of perceived challenges had a lower level of coping and resilience. Perceived barriers to parental coping included barriers to establishing social networks and utilizing available disability services. Services from competent service providers and the availability of social support networks were factors facilitating immigrant parents' coping.ConclusionSensitive communication and culturally appropriate care provided by service providers and healthcare professionals can facilitate service utilization and reduce perceived stigma over children with disability.ImpactFindings from the study support that special training provided to healthcare providers about the challenges of immigrant parents raising children with disabilities may enhance awareness of the experience of these parents. Information and instrumental support may help to enhance parental coping, reduce isolation and promote their mental health.Patient or Public ContributionWe thank the immigrant parents and the service providers who have been instrumental in the conception of this study.
Combining industrial ecology tools to assess potential greenhouse gas reductions of a circular economy: Method development and application to Switzerland
Authors: Wiprächtiger Maja , Haupt Melanie , Froemelt Andreas , Klotz Magdalena , Beretta Claudio , Osterwalder Dominik , Burg Vanessa , Hellweg Stefanie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIndustrial ecology (IE) methodologies, such as input/output or material flow analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA), are often used for the environmental evaluation of circular economy strategies. Up to now, an approach that utilizes these methods in a systematic, integrated framework for a holistic assessment of a geographic region's sustainable circular economy potential has been lacking. The approach developed in this study (IE4CE approach) combines IE methodologies to determine the environmental impact mitigation potential of circular economy strategies for a defined geographic region. The approach foresees five steps. First, input/output analysis helps identify sectors with high environmental impacts. Second, a refined analysis is conducted using material flow and LCA. In step 3, circular strategies are used for scenario design and evaluated in step 4. In step 5, the assessment results are compiled and compared across sectors. The approach was applied to a case study of Switzerland, analyzing 8 sectors and more than 30 scenarios in depth. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) from waste incineration, biogas and cement production, food waste prevention in households, hospitality and production, and the increased recycling of plastics had the highest mitigation potential. Most of the scenarios do not influence each other. One exception is the CCS scenarios: waste avoidance scenarios decrease the reduction potential of CCS. A combination of scenarios from different sectors, including their impact on the CCS scenario potential, led to an environmental impact mitigation potential of 11.9 Mt CO2‐eq for 2050, which equals 14% of Switzerland's current consumption‐based impacts.
Health disparities associated with access to disability evaluations for toddlers in Early Head Start
Authors: Diemer M. C. , Paul R. A. , Gerstein E. D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this investigation was to examine developmental, sociodemographic and familial factors associated with parent reported access to an evaluation in an Early Head Start sample. Children with developmental disabilities often require evaluations to access early interventions, which can improve their long‐term outcomes.MethodsThis study (n = 191) examined how developmental, sociodemographic and parent factors at age 2 were associated with parent reporting the child being evaluated by age 3. Two logistic regression analyses were conducted. The first model included children at age 2 with scores at least in the monitoring zone of developmental risk, and the second model included children with high developmental risk.ResultsThe first model found that children in the monitoring zone of developmental risk were more likely to be evaluated per parent report if they were born preterm, male, with increased behaviour problems, higher economic risk, increased maternal education, increased parental depressive symptoms and in urban areas and less likely if they were of Black or Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, had no health insurance or more home disorganisation. The second model found that children with high developmental risk were less likely to be evaluated per parent report if they were female, of Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, had better language skills and increased home disorganisation and more likely if their parents reported increased depressive symptoms or less economic risk.ConclusionsThis study highlights barriers associated with access to developmental and disability evaluations for children in at‐risk families. Health disparities are negatively associated with children's access to evaluations, even when supported by systems like Early Head Start.
Novel conformation of hyaluronic acid with improved cosmetic efficacy
Authors: Nam Geewoo , Lee Hye Won , Jang JiSung , Kim Chul Hwan , Kim Kyoung‐Hee 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundHyaluronic acid presents a valuable cosmetic ingredient that occurs naturally. Its direct links to skin aging has led to its broad application. The aim of this study was to improve the cosmetic efficacy of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMWHA) without chemical modifications and evaluate such improvements through clinical and in vitro studies.MethodsA novel formulation of HMWHA (SCAI‐HA) was prepared and investigated to comparatively assess 6 clinical and 2 in vitro parameters concerning its dermatological cosmetic efficacy and biological properties. The dermatological and cellular parameters examined in this study include skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin elasticity, wrinkles, facial sagging, dermal density, cytotoxicity, and collagen synthesis.ResultsSCAI‐HA exhibited the ability to improve the tested dermatological parameters (hydration, elasticity, wrinkles, and density) to magnitudes comparable to those of HMWHA. In addition, SCAI‐HA showed notably improved capacities for attenuating facial sagging and TEWL and promoting cellular collagen synthesis in normal human dermal fibroblasts.ConclusionSCAI‐HA presents a novel conformation of HMWHA with improved cosmetic efficacy in mitigating (i) facial sagging, (ii) TEWL, and promoting, and (iii) collagen synthesis. These findings denote the enhancement of SCAI‐HA as a cosmetic ingredient with potential anti‐aging properties.
Oral tranexamic acid in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorder beyond melasma: A review
Authors: Mahjoub Taghreed Tariq , Milibary Heba Hamza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTranexamic acid, a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine, is an antifibrinolytic, procoagulant agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of cyclic heavy menstrual bleeding and prevention of bleeding in patients with hemophilia undergoing tooth extraction. Oral tranexamic acid has been used off‐label in dermatology in the treatment of melasma and other hyperpigmentation disorders. In a recent study, oral tranexamic acid was reviewed thoroughly in treating melasma, and its effectiveness was demonstrated. Their role in treating other hyperpigmentation disorders has also been tried in several studies.AimTo review the evidence regarding the use of tranexamic acid in treating different types of hyperpigmentation disorders other than melasma.MethodologyA comprehensive literature review was searched using the electronic online database “PubMed” and “google scholar” using key words “Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation,” “lichen planus pigmentosus,” “ashy dermatosis,” “riehl melanosis”. After that, a full‐text review of the studies was performed.ResultOral tranexamic acid has been used in different types of hyperpigmentation disorder, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation treatment and prevention, lichen planus pigmentosus, ashy dermatosis, and Riehl melanosis in a dose range from 250 mg per day to 1500 mg per day for a period range from 2 weeks to 6 months with variable efficacy and a good safety profile.ConclusionOral tranexamic acid is a promising treatment option in a different type of hyperpigmentation disorders refractory to topical treatment. However, more evidence from blinded randomized controlled trials and case–control studies is needed to determine their efficacy in treating various hyperpigmentation disorders.
A comparative study of pain perception during the microfocused ultrasound procedure between topical anesthesia and combined topical anesthesia with forced air cooling
Authors: Vachiramon Vasanop , Palakornkitti Pasita , Anuntrangsee Tanaporn , Rutnin Suthinee , Visessiri Yingluck , Fabi Sabrina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe experience of pain during microfocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU‐V) treatment is common and crucial for dictating patient satisfaction and retention.ObjectiveTo compare the pain perception during the MFU‐V procedure between two pain reduction methods (topical anesthesia alone versus combined topical anesthesia with forced air cooling).Materials and MethodsThis was a prospective, single‐blinded, randomized controlled trial. A square area on the inner side of both arms of healthy volunteers was marked as an experimental site and randomly assigned to receive each pain reduction method: topical anesthesia or combined topical anesthesia with forced air cooling. Thereafter, MFU‐V was performed with a 4.5 MHz, 4.5 mm transducer (10 lines, 0.9 J) followed by a 7 MHz, 3.0 mm transducer (10 lines, 0.3 J). The visual analog scale (VAS) for pain was measured immediately after 4.5 mm transducer (T1a), immediately after 3.0 mm transducer (T1b), and after the entire procedure (T2).ResultsTwenty‐one participants with a mean (SD) age of 34.67 (±6.18) years were enrolled. The mean (±SD) pain score of combined topical anesthesia with forced air cooling‐treated area was 5.40 (±1.64), 4.80 (±1.63), and 5.40 (±1.56) at T1a, T1b, and T2, respectively. The mean pain score for topical anesthesia‐treated areas was 5.89 (±1.45), 5.00 (±1.72), and 5.76 (±1.67) at T1a, T1b, and T2, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the pain perception between the two methods.ConclusionThe addition of forced air cooling is not beneficial for pain reduction during the MFU‐V procedure because its temperature reduction effect cannot be delivered to the deep parts of the skin, which is the target site of MFU‐V.
Skin manifestations following anti‐COVID‐19 vaccination: A multicentricstudy from Turkey
Authors: Oguz Topal Ilteris , Tokmak Aslı , Kurmuş Gökçe Işıl , Kalkan Göknur , Demirseren Düriye Deniz , Tosun Mustafa , Emre Selma , Özkök Akbulut Tuğba , Kaya Özden Hatice , Koska Mahmut Can , Külcü Çakmak Seray , Kutlu Ömer , Mutlu Emine , Gür Aksoy Güneş , Topaloğlu Demir Filiz , Karadağ Ayşe Serap 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeAfter the emergence of the pandemic caused by the COVID‐19 virus, vaccination with various vaccines has started to be implemented across the world. To identify dermatological reactions developing after the COVID‐19 vaccines administered in Turkey and determine their clinical features and risk factors that may play a role in their development.Materials and MethodsThe study included patients aged ≥18 years, who presented to 13 different dermatology clinics in Turkey between July 2021 and September 2021 after developing dermatological reactions following the administration of the COVID‐19 vaccine. After providing written consent, the patients were asked to complete a standard survey including questions related to age, gender, occupation, comorbidities, the regular medication used, the onset of cutaneous reactions after vaccination, and localization of reactions. Dermatological reactions were categorized according to whether they developed after the first or second dose of the vaccine or whether they occurred after the inactivated or messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. The relationship between dermatological reactions and some variables such as gender and comorbidities was also evaluated.ResultsA total of 269 patients [116 women (43.1%), 153 men (56.9%)] were included in the study. It was observed that the dermatological diseases and reactions that most frequently developed after vaccination were urticaria (25.7%), herpes zoster (24.9%), maculopapular eruption (12.3%), and pityriasis rosea (4.5%). The rate of dermatological reactions was 60.6% after the administration of the mRNA vaccine and 39.4% after that of the inactivated vaccine. There was a statistically significantly higher number of reactions among the patients that received the mRNA vaccine (p = 0.001).ConclusionThe most common reactions in our sample were urticaria, herpes zoster, and maculopapular eruption. Physicians should know the dermatological side effects of COVID‐19 vaccines and their clinical features.
Degree of conversion of light‐polymerized composite resin in implant prosthesis screw access opening
Authors: Park Se‐Hyun , Huh Yoon‐Hyuk , Park Chan‐Jin , Cho Lee‐Ra , Ko Kyung‐Ho 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeThe mechanical and physical properties of implant screw access opening deteriorate if composite resin is not polymerized properly. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of using composite resin in implant access opening on the degree of conversion (DC).Materials and methodsTwo prosthetic materials (Co–Cr and zirconia), two types of composite resin (low and high viscosity), two light‐cured resin depths (2 and 3 mm), and two polymerization methods (max‐mode 10 s and mid‐mode 20 s: 16 and 22 J/cm2, respectively) were considered (n = 192). The DC of the polymerized composite resin was measured through Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The top and bottom surfaces of the polymerized composite resin body were observed through scanning electron microscopy. Multiple linear regression analysis and analysis of variance were used to identify significant differences in DC (α = 0.05).ResultsThe DC was lower when the low‐viscosity composite resin (β = −0.431), light‐polymerized resin depth of 2 mm (β = −0.430), zirconia prosthesis (β = −0.191), and mid‐mode polymerization method (β = −0.164) were used. The resin type, depth of resin to be light‐cured, prosthesis material, and polymerization method had an effect on the DC.ConclusionsLow‐viscosity composite resin should be polymerized at a low irradiance and long polymerization time (such that the light‐cured resin depth does not exceed 2 mm) to ensure proper composite resin polymerization in implant screw access opening.
Participation in a School‐Based Wellness Initiative Associated With Improved K‐12 Student Body Mass Index Trends
Authors: Head Kathleen C. , Morella Kristen , Lugo Michael P. , Key Janice D. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAssociations between school participation in an academic medical center‐supported school‐based wellness initiative and programmatic components implemented with change in average student body mass index (BMI) over time were examined.METHODSThis was an observational study of 103 K‐12 South Carolina schools over school years 2014‐2018, classified as participating (n = 87 schools, 27,855 students) or non‐participating (n = 16 schools; 3608 students). Associations between students' BMI z‐score (BMIz) and school participation were evaluated by linear multilevel mixed‐effects modeling using data from FitnessGram and the School Wellness Checklist© (SWC), respectively.RESULTSOne‐third of the students had a BMI percentile ≥85. Average student BMIz decreased in participating schools (p = .026) and increased in non‐participating schools (p = .004) over time. For schools that participated two or more years, there was an inverse relationship between SWC score and student BMIz (p = .002) that did not differ by school type, rural/urban location, Title 1 status, or student sex. Physical activity and stress management interventions for students, as well as employee wellness and establishing a wellness committee at the school level were significantly associated with decreased average student BMIz (all p < .05).CONCLUSIONImplementation of similar comprehensive school‐based wellness programs focused on improving physical activity, stress management, and employee engagement may help prevent and reduce pediatric obesity in diverse communities.
Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine gingival crevicular fluid levels in periodontitis
Authors: Güney Zeliha , Kurgan Sivge , Önder Canan , Mammadov Cavid , Serdar Muhittin A. , Günhan Meral 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the level of ADMA (asymmetric dimethylarginine), SDMA (symmetric dimethylarginine), and IL‐1β (Interleukin‐1β) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from periodontitis patients and control subjects.BackgroundADMA and SDMA are potentially hazardous non‐proteinogenic amino acids that limit nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and have many functions in various human disorders. ADMA causes a structural change in nitric oxide synthase, while SDMA blocks arginine cell uptake. Increased plasma ADMA has been widely recognized as a “trigger” initiating impaired NO bioavailability and vascular dysfunction, which ultimately leads to oxidative stress.MethodsTwenty‐five patients with periodontitis (P) (Stage III, Grade C, n = 25) and 20 control (C) subjects were included in the study. The IL‐1β level of GCF was measured by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and ADMA and SDMA by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).ResultsPeriodontitis patients had higher clinical parameters than controls (p < .001). Levels of IL‐1β, ADMA and SDMA GCF were statistically significantly higher in group P than in group C (respectively; p = .003, p < .0001, p < .0001). There was no difference in the ADMA/SDMA ratio (p = .312) between the groups. There were significant positive correlations between clinical periodontal parameters and IL‐1β, ADMA, and SDMA levels (p < .05). ADMA and SDMA levels were significantly correlated with IL‐1β (p < .05).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that ADMA and SDMA may be involved in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease.
A novel cDNA‐uPA/SCID/Rag2−/−/Jak3−/− mouse model for hepatitis virus infection and reconstruction of human immune system
Authors: Uchida Takuro , Teraoka Yuji , Imamura Michio , Abe‐Chayama Hiromi , Makokha Grace Naswa , Hayes Clair Nelson , Aikata Hiroshi , Hamamura Satoko , Ishida Yuji , Tateno Chise , Shirouzu Takayuki , Kawai Shintaro , Tanaka Yuka , Ohdan Hideki , Okada Seiji , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough human hepatocyte‐transplanted immunodeficient mice support infection with hepatitis viruses, these mice fail to develop viral hepatitis due to the lack of an adaptive immune system. In this study, we generated new immunodeficiency cDNA‐urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA)/SCID/Rag2−/−/Jak3−/− mice and established a mouse model with both a humanized liver and immune system. Transplantation of human hepatocytes with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐A24 resulted in establishment of a highly replaced liver in cDNA‐uPA/SCID/Rag2−/−/Jak3−/− mice. These mice were successfully infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) for a prolonged period and facilitate analysis of the effect of anti‐HCV drugs. Administration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from an HLA‐A24 donor resulted in establishment of 22.6%–81.3% human CD45‐positive mononuclear cell chimerism in liver‐infiltrating cells without causing graft‐versus‐host disease in cDNA‐uPA/SCID/Rag2−/−/Jak3−/− mice without human hepatocyte transplantation. When mice were transplanted with human hepatocytes and then administered HLA‐A24‐positive human PBMCs, an alloimmune response between transplanted human hepatocytes and PBMCs occurred, with production of transplanted hepatocyte‐specific anti‐HLA antibody. In conclusion, we succeeded in establishing a humanized liver/immune system characterized by an allo‐reaction between transplanted human immune cells and human liver using a novel cDNA‐uPA/SCID/Rag2−/−/Jak3−/− mouse. This mouse model can be used to generate a chronic hepatitis mouse model with a human immune system with application not only to hepatitis virus virology but also to investigation of the pathology of post‐transplantation liver rejection.