bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Key Molecules of Pyroptosis in Liver Damage of Rats With Exertional Heat Stroke
Authors: Lin Lifang , Zheng Jiaolong , Lin Qingqing , Cai Fangze , Li Dongliang 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study is aimed at investigating the role of key molecular elements involved in pyroptosis in liver injury caused by exertional heat stroke (EHS).Methods: We established a model of EHS‐induced liver injury in Sprague–Dawley rats, with a control group (receiving no treatment) for comparison and 12 rats in each group. Alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels in the blood were detected. Interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) and interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) levels were assessed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Pathological changes in liver tissue were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels of Caspase‐1 and Gasdermin D.Results: Compared to the control group, the liver tissue of the EHS group showed congestion in hepatic sinusoids, hepatocyte edema, eosinophilic changes, necrosis, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. ALT and AST levels in the EHS group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The mRNA expressions of Caspase‐1, Gasdermin D, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 were significantly increased in the EHS group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The protein expressions of Caspase‐1, cleaved Caspase‐1, Gasdermin D, and cleaved Gasdermin D were significantly increased in the EHS group.Conclusion: These findings indicated that hepatic pyroptosis plays an important role in EHS‐induced liver injury.
Tripping in the Happiest Country of the World – Use Values of Psychedelics According to Finnish Users
Authors: Tsupari Mika , Hellman Matilda , Tammi Tuukka 
Published: January 2025

Background The use of psychedelics is on the rise worldwide as more people are experimenting, self-medicating or seeking benefits from these substances. Aims This study explores the use values ascribed to classic psychedelics by 40 users in Finland – a country that scores high in welfare and happiness but has faced an increase in mental health problems and has adapted austerity policies in the public service sector. Methods The data consists of thematical interviews with individuals who use or have used psychedelics. We analysed the data focusing on the sense-making regarding use practices and use values. Results The analysis identified three main functions and benefits: (a) psychedelics as a catalyst for change, (b) psychedelics as a self-medication practice and (c) psychedelics as a device for self-improvement. Positive experiences included feelings of beauty, calmness, awe, connecting with others and mystical experiences. Psychedelics had helped the participants with depression, anxiety, difficult experiences and traumas. Conclusions Psychedelics appear to offer users experiences that are unattainable in their everyday lives. Their use can be seen as part of a contemporary biopolitical project of self-care and individualistic solutions for contemporary need for better mental health, living a carefree and meaningful life. When certain harm and risk reduction practices are considered, psychedelic use still seems likely to provide more benefits than harm for some individuals.
Interbreed variation of dairy cow milk in terms of specific proteome and lipidome for establishing criteria of milk selection
Authors: Devi Savita , Kapila Rajeev , Kapila Suman 
Published: January 2025

Background Ruminant milk is a very complex table food and naturally encrypted with different components possessing various health-promoting characteristics. Aim In the present study, we focused on breed-wise compositional difference in milk including various components and release of fatty acids and peptides during digestion. Methods First, milk samples were analysed using lactoscan LW milk analyser, MALDI-TOF and gas chromatography. In addition, in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion of milk was performed to determine the fatty acid and peptide concentration. Results Percentage fat was significantly less in Karan Fries (KF) and Holstein Friesian (HF) milk compared to Sahiwal (SW), Tharparkar (TP), Gir (GIR) and Karan Swiss (KS). The mean conductivity displayed the healthy status in SW, TP, GIR, KF and HF milk. The protein was significantly higher in KF milk compared to SW, TP, GIR and HF milk. KS milk possessed the highest number of peptides followed by HF, SW, TP, GIR and KF milk. The fatty acid compositional difference was primarily observed in saturated fatty acids including the C4:0, C21:0 and also w6 linoleic acid. On the basis of peptide number of MALDI-TOF, milk from SW and KS was selected for digestion in in vitro to check the availability of fatty acids and peptides in the intestine. There was more release of fatty acids in SW milk and more peptide from KS milk in intestinal conditions. Therefore, the difference in composition exists based on protein and fat components in indigenous and crossbred cows’ milk. Conclusions The breed-wise difference in composition of milk is important to study as it not only reflected the nutritional value and various biological activities, but also emphasis on specific proteomic and lipidomic of milk that eventually can be used as criteria for selection of milk.
Association between mothers’ provision of vegetables and homemade meal strategies under time constraints in Japan
Authors: Yoshii Emi , Akamatsu Rie , Hasegawa Tomoko , Fukuda Kazuhiko , Ainuki Tomomi 
Published: January 2025

Background Maternal time constraints lead to a lack of vegetable provision to children. Mothers use homemade meal strategies under time constraints; however, these strategies have not been well investigated. Aim This study aimed to classify the homemade meal strategies used by mothers under time constraints and to examine their association with the provision of vegetable dishes. Methods We conducted an online cross-sectional survey of 400 mothers of preschool children in Japan. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to classify homemade meal strategies. The Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to compare the subscale scores by the demographic characteristics and provision of vegetable dishes, and logistic regression was used to predict the provision of vegetable dishes based on the subscales and adjusted for demographic characteristics. Results A 13-item scale comprising three subscales (“planning meals and shopping ahead,” “use of convenience foods,” and “batch cooking”) was developed. Full-time employed mothers had higher scores for “use of convenience foods” and “batch cooking” than did unemployed mothers. “Batch cooking” was positively related to the provision of vegetable dishes more than seven times a week after adjusting for maternal demographic characteristics, whereas “use of convenience foods” was negatively related. “Planning meals and shopping ahead” was not associated with the provision of vegetable dishes. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that batch cooking is a recommended strategy under time constraints and that education on nutritional considerations when using convenience foods is required.
Diabetic foot ulcer classification assessment employing an improved machine learning algorithm
Authors: Gudivaka Raj Kumar , Gudivaka Rajya Lakshmi , Gudivaka Basava Ramanjaneyulu , Basani Dinesh Kumar Reddy , Grandhi Sri Harsha , khan Faheem 
Published: January 2025

Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a severe consequence of diabetes that, if left untreated, can lead to amputation, blindness, renal failure, and other serious complications. The high treatment expense and length of treatment for this therapeutic technique are both disadvantages. Despite the effectiveness of this strategy, a distant, cost-effective, and comfortable DFU diagnostic therapy is necessary. Objective This study proposed the Advanced Machine Learning Practical Method for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Classification. Methods This unique and cost-effective healthcare solution uses Practical Methodologies with the reinforcement learning algorithm for DFU imaging. The categorization was based on constant technological advancements, and the benefits of Machine Learning (ML) for use in DFU treatment are numerous, including enhanced clinical decision-making based on Ulcer classification and healing progress. The ML greatly impacted DFU data analysis, with categorization and risk assessment among the findings. Results The machine-learning technique can potentially create a paradigm shift by providing a 92.5% classification accuracy evaluation in the diabetic foot Ulcer problem. According to Clustering Scenario Analysis of Diabetic Foot Ulcer, when compared to Mild To Moderate Localized Cellulitis (Cluster 1 produces classification efficiency from 71% to 88%), Moderate To Severe Cellulitis (Cluster 2 delivers classification efficiency from 85% to 97%), Moderate To Severe Cellulitis With Ischemia (Cluster 3 produces classification efficiency from 90% to 98%), and Life-Or Limb-Threatening Infection (Cluster 4), the results were promising (Cluster 4 makes classification efficiency from 93.5% to 98.2%). The efficiency of this is Cluster 78.45 percent higher than the existing procedure. Conclusions The proposed Advanced Machine Learning Practical Method demonstrates significant improvements in DFU classification accuracy and efficiency, presenting a cost-effective and effective alternative to traditional diagnostic approaches.
ADET MODEL: Real time autism detection via eye tracking model using retinal scan images
Authors: Ranjana Jesu Mariyan Beno , Muthukkumar Rajendran 
Published: January 2025

Background Deficits in concentration with social stimuli are more common in children affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Developing visual attention is one of the most vital elements for detecting autism. Eye tracking technology is a potential method to identify an early autism biomarker based on children's abnormal visual patterns. Objective Eye tracking retinal scan path images can be generated by eyeball movement during the time of watching the screen and capture the eye projection sequences, which helps to analyze the behavior of the children. The Shi-Tomasi corner detection methodology uses open CV to identify the corners of the eye gaze movement in the images. Methods In the proposed ADET model, the corner detection-based vision transformer (CD-ViT) technique is utilized to diagnose autism at an early stage. Generally, the transformer model divides the input images into patches, which can be fed into the transformer encoder process. The vision transformer is fine-tuned to resolve binary classification issues once the features are extracted via remora optimization. Specifically, the vision transformer model acts as the cornerstone of the proposed work with the help of the corner detection technique. This study uses a dataset with 547 eye-tracking retinal scan path images for both autism and non-autistic children. Results Experimental results show that the suggested ADET frameworkachieves a better classification accuracy of 38.31%, 23.71%, 13.01%, 1.56%, 18.26%, and 44.56% than RM3ASD, MLP, SVM, CNN, SVM, and our proposed ADET methods. Conclusions This screening method strongly suggests that it be used to assist medical professionals in providing efficient and accurate autism detection.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia co-infection with cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A case report and literature review
Authors: Techasupaboon Tanyanop , Nasomsong Worapong 
Published: January 2025

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is an uncommon presentation of CMV among patients with HIV/AIDS, particularly in co-infection with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). A case was reported with a literature review, and a comprehensive literature search was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases. We report a 52-year-old male with AIDS presenting with progressively worsening dyspnea over 1 week. One month earlier, he had completed a 21-day course of PCP treatment, showed improvement and was discharged. Two weeks before presentation, he started antiretroviral therapy (ART), but his dyspnea worsened significantly 1 week later. Chest radiography showed bilateral ground glass opacities. Bronchoscopy and lung biopsy revealed nuclear enlargement with prominent intranuclear inclusions and marginated chromatin of alveolar cells on H&E staining, along with positive immunohistochemistry for CMV. Grocott’s methenamine silver staining identified 3–5 μm irregular yeast-like organisms resembling crushed ping-pong balls, consistent with P. jirovecii. He was treated with intravenous ganciclovir for a total of 21 days, and his clinical and radiologic findings completely resolved. CMV pneumonia co-infection with PCP is extremely rare and should be considered among patients with severely immunocompromise with interstitial pneumonitis unresponsive to PCP treatment or recurring after treatment.
Nurse-patient relationship boundaries and power: A critical discursive analysis
Authors: Unhjem Jeanette Varpen , Hem Marit Helene 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Mental health nursing is dependent on nurses’ ability to engage in therapeutic relationships with patients. The ability to manage professional boundaries is equally important, but less explored. This study aims to address the following research questions: How do nurses define their professional, personal, and private roles? What are nurses’ experiences with professional boundaries? What are the implications of nurses’ understanding of these boundaries? Background: Nurse–patient relationships are characterized by asymmetrical power dynamics, which places the responsibility of delineating professional boundaries on the nurse. While ethical codes offer guidance, nurses must identify appropriate boundaries in a dynamic process that relies on the clinical context. Research design: This study used critical discursive psychological analysis to examine data from participant observations, individual interviews, and focus group discussions. Participants and research context: We included 16 nurses working in mental health care in this study, comprising 12 in specialist mental health care and 4 in community mental health care. Ethical considerations: The study was registered with Norwegian Social Science Data Services. Results: Nurses defined professionalism as being an educated caregiver who prioritizes patients’ needs. Professionalism involves personal engagement, while some personal matters remain private. However, nurses experienced challenges in maintaining professional boundaries, facing dilemmas due to the subjective nature of boundaries and patients’ unpredictable responses. Conclusions: While nurses prioritize patients’ needs and best interests, this study demonstrated that personal engagement is considered part of professionalism. However, nurses encounter complex dilemmas in setting professional boundaries. Additionally, these boundaries can either emphasize or de-emphasize the power differential in nurse-patient relationships.
TMS in major depression: A retrospective naturalistic study including two subjective tools
Authors: Pridmore Saxby , Peterson Gregory M. , Rybak Marzena , Byrne Karen , Dillon Tae , Turnier-Shea Yvonne , Naguy Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Objective To report the outcomes of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment of patients with acute major depressive disorder (MDD), with particular attention to the performance of the individual assessment tools, including two new subjective mood scales. Methods Patients with MDD were treated with up to 35 daily TMS sessions. Objective quantification of mood utilised the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D6) and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S). Subjective quantification was made using the Subjective Depression Scale (SDS6) and a new Daily Emotion Score (DES) – a single question which is asked daily. Results Ninety consecutive patients (58 females; 64.4%) with a mean age of 46.9 years were included. Using HAM-D6 criteria, 51 patients (56.7%) achieved remission. Scores obtained using the different tools correlated well at the same time point, especially at the conclusion of TMS therapy. The only statistically significant independent predictors of remission were the percentage improvement at session 10 (relative to baseline) in the SDS6 ( p = .0026) and in the DES ( p = .043). Conclusion The SDS6 was confirmed as a valuable companion for the HAM-D6. The DES correlated with the other subjective tool (SDS6); the latter, in particular, may also have utility in predicting treatment outcome.
Endoscopic Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis with Plantar Heel Spur Pain: A Combined Suprafascial and Infrafascial Approach
Authors: Arunakul Marut , Samornpitakul Pheemaphol , Chaisiri Warunee , Ratanacharatroj Yingyos , Sasipotiwan Nattapong , Pinitchanon Punnawit , Pitakveerakul Akaradech 
Published: January 2025

Background: To determine whether a combined endoscopic suprafascial and infrafascial approach with medial and lateral portals is a safe and effective technique for the endoscopic treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis with plantar heel spur pain. Methods: An interventional, prospective study was conducted. A total of 61 patients with plantar fasciitis with plantar heel spur pain underwent an endoscopic plantar fasciotomy with plantar heel spur resection, using a combined suprafascial and infrafascial approach between January 2018 and August 2022. Preoperative Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were measured. The measurements were repeated at 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and at the final follow up. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative film parameters (Meary angle, calcaneal pitch angle, medial cuneiform–fifth metatarsal height) were compared. Complications were recorded at each encounter. Results: The mean follow up time was 2.6 ± 1.1 years. At the 6-week postoperative visit, the mean change in FAAM-ADL, FAAM-Sport, SF-36 physical component summary, SF-36 mental component summary, and VAS were 26.0,19.0, 44.8, 61.2, and −5.8, respectively. These changes were statistically significant ( P < .001). These findings were sustained and generally improved at all other follow-up points: 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and final follow-up. The average period until the recovery of activities of daily living and sport activities were 2.6 and 8.6 weeks, respectively. There were no significant differences between the pre- and 1-year postoperative radiographic values ( P > .05). No cases resulted in medial arch collapse. Five cases (8%) had an injury to the first branch of lateral plantar nerve. Conclusion: Endoscopic plantar fascia release and plantar heel spur resection using a combined suprafascial and infrafascial approach resulted in the improvement of postoperative FAAM, SF-36, and VAS scores and involved a low incidence of postoperative complications.
Association Between Running Characteristics and Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injuries in United States Military Academy Cadets
Authors: Helton Gary L. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Goss Donald L. , Florkiewicz Erin 
Published: January 2025

Background: Running-related overuse injuries are common among recreational runners; however, there is currently little prospective research investigating the role of running characteristics on overuse injury development. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between running characteristics and lower extremity musculoskeletal injury (MSKI). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The study included 827 incoming cadets of the class of 2020 at the United States Military Academy. Before cadet basic training, running spatiotemporal parameters (stride length, ground contact time, and cadence) were recorded for each participant, and foot-strike pattern was analyzed. Demographic data were recorded and analyzed as potential covariates. Lower extremity MSKIs sustained over the 9 weeks of cadet basic training were documented. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were estimated, with time to incident lower extremity MSKI as the primary outcome, by level of the independent predictor variables. Risk factors or potential covariates were carried forward into multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: Approximately 18.1% of participants incurred a lower extremity MSKI resulting in ≥3 days of activity limitation during cadet basic training. Univariate analysis indicated that participants with the shortest stride length (<133.0 cm) were 39% more likely to incur any lower extremity MSKI and 45% more likely to incur an overuse MSKI than those with the longest stride length (>158.5 cm), and that participants with the longest ground contact time (>0.42 seconds) were twice as likely to incur any MSKI than those with the shortest contact time (<0.28 seconds). After adjusting for sex, weekly distance running 3 months before cadet basic training, and history of injury, multivariate regression analysis indicated that participants with the longest contact times were significantly more likely to incur overuse lower extremity MSKI than those with the shortest contact times (hazard ratio, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.06-4.37). There was no significant difference in risk of MSKI associated with foot-strike pattern or cadence. Conclusion: Study participants running with the longest ground contact times were 2.15 times more likely to incur an overuse lower extremity MSKI during cadet basic training than those with the shortest contact times. Also, study participants with the shortest stride length were 45% more likely to incur an overuse MSKI than those with the longest stride length.