bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental and behavioural outcomes at 2 years in babies born during the COVID-19 pandemic: communication concerns in a pandemic birth cohort
Authors: Byrne Susan , Sledge Hailey , Hurley Sadhbh , Hoolahan Sarah , Franklin Ruth , Jordan Norah , Boland Fiona , Murray Deirdre M , Hourihane Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe CORAL (Impact of Corona Virus Pandemic on Allergic and Autoimmune Dysregulation in Infants Born During Lockdown) study reported a reduction in social communication milestones in 12-month-old infants born into the COVID-19 pandemic.AimsTo look at 24-month developmental and behavioural outcomes in the CORAL cohort.DesignThe CORAL study is a longitudinal prospective observational study of Irish infants born in the first 3 months of the pandemic. At 24 months of age, the Ages and Stages Developmental Questionnaire (ASQ24) and the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) were completed and compared with prepandemic BASELINE (Babies After SCOPE: Evaluating the Longitudinal Impact Using Neurological and Nutritional Impact) cohort.Results917 babies (312 CORAL infants and 605 BASELINE infants) were included. At 24 months of age, infants in the CORAL and BASELINE cohorts had similar developmental ASQ24 scores in fine motor, problem solving and personal and social domains but ASQ24 communication scores were significantly lower in the CORAL group compared with the BASELINE cohort (mean (SD) 49.5 (15.1) vs 53.7 (11.6), p<0.01). Infants from the CORAL cohort were more likely to score below standardised cut-offs for developmental concern in the communication domain (11.9% CORAL compared with 5.4% BASELINE, p<0.01). Unadjusted ASQ24 gross motor scores were lower for the pandemic cohort. Fewer CORAL infants fell under 2 SD cut-off in personal-social subdomain. For CBCL, there was no evidence of difference in scores between the cohorts on multivariable analysis.Conclusion24-month-old pandemic-born infants had largely similar developmental and behavioural scores compared with their prepandemic counterparts. Concerns have been raised in the communication developmental domain.
PI3K/PTEN/mTOR pathway dynamic tracking and prognostic value in HR+/HER2− BC patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a cohort study
Authors: Miglietta Federica , Carraro Valentina , Amato Ottavia , Griguolo Gaia , Bottosso Michele , Munari Giada , Zarrilli Giovanni , Lo Mele Marcello , Barbieri Caterina , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Guarneri Valentina , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Fassan Matteo 
Published: June 2023

AimsHormone receptor-positive (HR)+/HER2− breast cancer (BC) is highly heterogeneous, with PI3K/PTEN/mTOR pathway alterations emerging as possible players within this complexity. We longitudinally tracked PI3K/PTEN/mTOR pathway dynamics from baseline biopsy to residual disease (RD)—and to metastases in case of relapse—in HR+/HER2− BC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).MethodsHR+/HER2− BC patients with RD after NACT were identified. We assessedPIK3CAmutational, Pten-loss and phosphorylation levels of mTOR and its substrates (p70S6K and 4EBP1) on baseline biopsies and matched RD samples; in case of disease relapse, we also assessedPIK3CAmutational status on metastatic samples. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was adopted as endpoint.Results92 patient were included. The conversion rate ofPIK3CAmutational status was 12.8%; 1 patient acquiredPIK3CAmutation at relapse; the rate of Pten conversion was 33.3%; mTOR phosphorylation levels significantly increased from baseline biopsy to RD, while its substrates significantly decreased. Baseline phosphorylated-mTOR significantly predicted poorer RFS in patients withPIK3CAwild-type status; baseline phosphorylated-70S6K was positively associated with RFS.ConclusionsWe observed that PI3K/PTEN/mTOR pathway is highly dynamic under NACT exposure and the assessment ofPIK3CAmutations may capture only a small fraction of such complexity. In this context, mTOR activation trough alternative pathways with respect toPIK3CAsignalling may have a crucial role in shaping the molecular landscape of HR+/HER2− BC with RD after NACT. It is imperative to further elucidate the role ofPIK3CAand mTOR-dependent pathways in shaping chemoresistance and endocrine resistance in high-risk HR+/HER2− early/locally advanced BC patients.
Calculated LDL-cholesterol: comparability of the extended Martin/Hopkins, Sampson/NIH, Friedewald and four other equations in South African patients
Authors: Carelse Amber , Rossouw Helgard M , Steyn Nicolene , Martins Janine , Pillay Tahir S 
Published: June 2023

AimsThe reference method for low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is ultracentrifugation. However, this is unsuitable for routine use and therefore direct LDL-C assays and predictive equations are used. In this study, we compared the Friedewald, extended Martin/Hopkins, Sampson/NIH and four other equations to a direct assay.MethodsWe analysed 44 194 lipid profiles from a mixed South African population. The LDL-C predictive equations were compared with direct LDL-C assay and analysed using non-parametric statistics and error grid analysis.ResultsBoth the extended Martin/Hopkins and Sampson/NIH equations displayed the best correlation with direct LDL-C in terms of desirable bias and total allowable error. The direct LDL-C assay classified 13.9% of patients in the low LDL-C (1.0–1.8 mmol/L) category, in comparison to the extended Martin/Hopkins equation (13.4%), the Sampson equation (14.6%) and the Friedewald equation (16.0%). The Sampson/NIH was least biased in the low LDL-C category (<1.8 mmol/L) and produced the least overall clinically relevant errors compared with the extended Martin/Hopkins and Friedewald equations in the low-LDL-C category.ConclusionsOur findings suggest only a marginal difference between the extended Martin/Hopkins equation and the Sampson/NIH equation with the use of the Beckman Coulter DxC800 analyser in this population. The results favour the implementation of the Sampson/NIH equation when the Beckman Coulter DxC analyser is used, but the extended Martin/Hopkins may also be safely implemented. Both of these equations performed significantly better than the Friedewald equation. We recommend that patients be monitored using one of these methods and that each laboratory perform its own validation of either equation to ensure continuation and accuracy, and to prevent between-method variation.
Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy for stent-assisted coiling or flow diverter placement
Authors: Enomoto Yukiko , Matsubara Hirofumi , Ishihara Takuma , Shoda Kenji , Mizutani Daisuke , Egashira Yusuke , Ishii Akira , Sakamoto Makoto , Sumita Kazutaka , Nakagawa Ichiro , Higashi Toshio , Yoshimura Shinichi 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundDual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is necessary to prevent thromboembolic complications after stent-assisted coiling (SAC) or flow-diversion (FD) for cerebral aneurysms, but the optimal antiplatelet regimen remains unclear.ObjectiveTo determine the optimal DAPT duration in patients with SAC/FD.MethodsThis multicenter cohort study enrolled patients who received SAC/FD for cerebral aneurysms at seven Japanese institutions between January 2010 and December 2020. The primary outcome was the time from procedure to the occurrence of a composite of target vessel-related thromboembolic events, procedure-unrelated major bleeding events, or death. The cumulative event-free survival rates were analyzed using a Kaplan–Meier curve, and the differences in each outcome between the groups dichotomized by the duration of DAPT were analyzed using the log-rank test.ResultsOf 632 patients (median observational period, 646 days), primary outcome occurred in 63 patients (10.0%), most frequently within 30 days after the procedure. The cumulative event-free survival rates at 30 days, 1 year, and 2 years after the procedure were 93.3% (91.4 to 95.3%), 91.5% (89.3 to 93.7%), and 89.5% (87.0 to 92.0%), respectively. The cumulative event-free survival rates after switching to monotherapy were similar for the >91 and <90 days DAPT groups in the population limited to patients who were switched from DAPT to monotherapy without major clinical events.ConclusionsThromboembolic events rarely occurred beyond 30 days after SAC/FD. The duration of DAPT may be shortened if patients have a periprocedural period without events. Further prospective studies are warranted to determine the optimal duration of antiplatelet therapy.Trial registration numberUMIN000044122 :https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000050384.
MRTP claim authorisation and General Snus sales in the USA: evidence from a difference-in-differences model
Authors: Liber Alex C , Seidenberg Andrew B , Pesko Michael F 
Published: June 2023

Background
The 2009 Tobacco Control Act granted the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority over tobacco products, including the ability to authorise modified-risk tobacco product (MRTP) claims. In October 2019, the FDA authorised the first-ever MRTP claim for General Snus, which allowed the product to be marketed as reduced risk (relative to cigarettes). MRTP authorisation may increase otherwise low rates of snus use in the USA (<0.5% for children and adults).

Methods
Using 2017–2021 Nielsen sales data from 19 US states, we conducted a difference-in-differences analysis to determine whether logged unit sales of General Snus were affected by the MRTP authorisation, compared with (1) sales of other snus brands and (2) sales of non-snus smokeless products; we also examined (3) if sales of non-General Snus brands were affected by General Snus’s MRTP authorisation, compared with sales of non-snus smokeless tobacco products.

Results
Although sales declined in absolute terms, sales of General Snus relative to other snus brands were unchanged after MRTP authorisation (−9.0%, 95% CI −19.6% to 1.60%, p=0.098). However, compared with non-snus smokeless brand sales, sales of General Snus (+14.7%, 95% CI 5.23% to 24.2%, p=0.002) rose after MRTP authorisation. Compared with non-snus smokeless products, sales of non-General Snus brands also rose after MRTP authorisation (+23.7%, 95% CI 9.5% to 38.0%, p=0.001).

Conclusions
Although only General Snus received MRTP authorisation, this designation appears to have slowed declines for the entire snus category. This suggests consumers may make determinations regarding product risk to a product class rather than individual products.
RETRACTED: The Review of Carbon Fiber Materials in Automotive Industry
Authors: Wakekar Arun Dadasaheb , Patil Sushant Hanamantrao , Deshmukh Suhas , Thakar Chetan M 
Published: June 2023

This paper was retracted by The Electrochemical Society (ECS) on June 21, 2023 following an investigation that revealed that the work was not original to the authors. ECS is investigating why this was not identified during the submission and peer review process by the conference.
As a member of the Committee for Publication Ethics (COPE) this has been investigated in accordance with COPE guidelines and it was agreed the article should be retracted.
The corresponding author agreed with this retraction.
Retraction published: June 21, 2023
A Metabolically Optimized, Noncytotoxic Low-Dose Weekly Decitabine/Venetoclax in MDS and AML
Authors: Levitz David , Saunthararajah Yogen , Fedorov Kateryna , Shapiro Lauren C. , Mantzaris Ioannis , Shastri Aditi , Kornblum Noah , Sica R. Alejandro , Shah Nishi , Konopleva Marina , Gritsman Kira , Braunschweig Ira , Cooper Dennis L. , Pradhan Kith , Verma Amit , Feldman Eric J. , Goldfinger Mendel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Venetoclax (VEN) added to the hypomethylating agents (HMA) decitabine or azacitidine is the new standard of care for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is being evaluated in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Current dosing of HMA/VEN relies on leukemia suppression through cytotoxicity which also impacts normal hematopoiesis. A regimen using once-weekly low-dose decitabine (LDDec) has demonstrated activity in myeloid malignancies. To overcome the severe myelosuppression often seen with HMA/VEN, we evaluated a once-weekly dosing regimen of VEN and LDDec in elderly and/or frail patients who were felt less likely to tolerate severe myelosuppression.

Patients and Methods:
This is a retrospective, single-center analysis of patients with AML, MDS, or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia treated with a once-weekly LDDec/VEN regimen. We also compare this regimen with a cohort treated with standard dosing HMA/VEN.

Results:
In a retrospective cohort of 39 patients, the overall response rate for patients receiving LDDec/VEN for first-line AML and MDS was 88% and 64%, respectively. In patients with TP53 mutations, the composite complete response rate was 71% and the median overall survival was 10.7 months. When compared with 36 patients receiving standard dose HMA/VEN, the LDDec/VEN patients had a longer time on therapy (175 vs. 78 days; P = 0.014) and a trend toward a higher rate of transfusion independence (47% vs. 26%; P = 0.33). Neutropenic fever occurred in 31% of patients, with a median of one hospitalization at any point during treatment.

Conclusions:
This preliminary clinical experience, although retrospective, provides proof-of-activity of noncytotoxic DNA methyltransferase 1–targeting by allowing frequent, sustained drug exposure often not possible with standard HMA/VEN regimens.
The Shift of Gotong Royong Value of Karo Community in the Area around Mount Sinabung
Authors: Purba Gufanta Hendryko , Sundawa Dadang 
Published: June 2023

This study is to find out the factors that Cause the shift in the value of gotong royong under the foot of Mount Sinabung. People who live in the foot of Sinabung mountain, used to be famous for the value of gotong royong that Inherent in every day of their daily life. Both in agriculture, as well as in traditional events, karo people have close values of gotong royong, in the form of joy and in the form of sorrow. However, at the time of the eruption, there was a huge impact on karo people, especially the shift in the value of gotong royong. So, the qualitative approach is chosen in this study with documentation methods, observation techniques and interviews. The findings of this study showed that as for the factors that led to the shift in the value of gotong royong among others, the eruption of Mount Sinabung, materialistic attitudes and individualistic lack of community participation in holding closely the value of gotong royong, plus the flow of modernization or globalization. It is expected that the government and the community cooperate to realize the values of gotong royong who are experiencing youth, socializing the planting of the value of gotong royong karo community, so that the younger generation will continue to preserve the value of gotong royong Karo community.
Interconnection and Separation: Medieval Perspectives on the Modern Problem of the “Global Middle Ages”
Authors: Berend Nora 
Published: June 2023

Abstact
This article argues that “global” is both too vague and too misleading a term to help conceptualize the Middle Ages. It is used for too many diverse phenomena, and criticism of the term by modernists has not been taken on board. Instead of borrowing and distorting this concept to make it fit, we should look at the nature and range of both interconnection and separation in our period, and create concepts based on our source-material. The medieval evidence shows that through the narrow channels, through the segmented and broken-up chains of communication, knowledge and objects can still flow. Superficial similarities to modern connectivity (for example trade) may hide real divergence, such as the motivation for the spice trade, which was related to searching for earthly paradise. Remoteness and separation were seen and described by medieval authors, but in reality both separation and connection were more ambiguous phenomena. Limited interconnection between areas of the globe did not dampen universal aspirations for the spread of Christianity. Finally, the mechanism of declared Christian religious superiority contrasted with the way in which Christianity gobbled up other traditions, ingesting and transforming them in its own image, while refusing to acknowledge this incorporation. This creophagous attitude characterized Christian relations to Judaism, Arabic science and pagan philosophy: strong interconnection coexisted with explicitly stated separateness.
Converting the Land: Property, Legal Knowledge, and Documentary Practices in Toledo and the Ebro Valley, 1085–c. 1200 CE
Authors: García-Velasco Rodrigo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article examines the drafting of land contracts and the evolution of local property law in key regional centers of power during the transition from Islamic to Christian rule in eleventh- and twelfth-century Iberia. Through the analysis of a range of Arabic and Latin property land sales preserved in the ecclesiastical archives of Toledo and the Ebro valley, the following study looks for signs of potential legal and documentary diffusion taking place as a result of the Christian conquests of the Middle and Upper Marches of al-Andalus. The paper explores the relationship between property and its transfer, on the one hand, and the emerging post-conquest documentary cultures, on the other. It studies borrowings between Latin and Arabic land documents, some of which can be associated with Andalusī property and contract law. The article links this transfer of knowledge to the legal and economic interests of the religious institutions that preserved the Arabic documents, highlighting how new dioceses and monasteries reclaimed the rights and benefits associated with former mosques. Such findings are framed as part of the active preservation and engagement of local property knowledge and Islamicate documentary practices, and their recycling for the post-conquest management and reorganization of the land.
On a Painted Burial Jar from Tigranakert of Artsakh
Authors: Gabrielyan Armine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The article is devoted to one of the jar burials discovered in 2018 during excavations of the Eastern tomb field of Tigranakert of Artsakh. That is a gorgeous painted karas with ornamental and figurative bands of various motifs painted in red on a light background. The central and widest part of the vessel bears a depiction of a deer hunting scene happening on both sides of a dense tree with scattered branches. An infantryman and two horsemen armed with long spears and accompanied by hunting dogs, chase a doe and a deer. Hunting scene has been popular and widespread since ancient times. Deer hunting scene is found among the petroglyphs of the Armenian Highlands, on the bronze belts and other decorative-applied works of art from the ancient sites of Armenia and neighboring countries. This theme is especially prevalent in Achaemenid glyptic, in the fine arts of the Classical period, and in the toreutics of the Sasanian period.
Phonic Convergence in Estonian Yiddish
Authors: Verschik Anna , Pajusalu Karl 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Multilingualism is a characteristic feature of Yiddish speakers in the Baltic region, and contact-induced language change is natural in this case. To date, some Baltic German impact on the local varieties of Yiddish has been discussed in the literature. This article focuses on the phonic impact of Estonian on Estonian Yiddish. The study is based on acoustic analysis of Estonian Yiddish sound recordings. The North Baltic area forms a separate region in the Baltic Sprachbund; Yiddish spoken in Samogitia and Courland as well as Estonian Yiddish exhibit several features typical of this language area. It is demonstrated that there is an overlap of basic prosodic categories with co-territorial languages, such as centralized stress and a quantity opposition. A distinctive feature common to Estonian and Estonian Yiddish is the limited reduction of vowels and a tendency to maintain stable durational ratios of the primary stressed syllable and following unstressed syllables.
Development of anther and sectile pollinium in Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk-a massulate orchid
Authors: Kant Ravi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The role of anther characteristics in orchid taxonomy, cladistic analysis, and understanding the development and evolution of various traits is significant. Therefore, Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk was selected for the study due to the lack of information about these characteristics. In this taxon, anther primordium developed two thecae directed towards the lateral side, which produced wedge-shaped, rectangular or triangular massulae through repeated mitotic divisions of archesporial cells. The anther wall developed from the outer secondary parietal layer and inner secondary parietal layer, made up of epidermis, endothecium, a middle layer, and tapetum. Each theca had a central septum that divided it into two microsporangia. Tapetum of dual origin was observed. Cytokinesis produced isobilateral, tetrahedral, linear, T-shaped and decussate types of microspore tetrads. Each microspore had a smaller lenticular generative cell and a larger spherical vegetative cell, which were formed by the mitotic division of the nucleus. Additionally, the endothecium developed ring-shaped fibrous thickenings. Massulae of two locules were united to the reticulum and formed bipartite sectile pollinium.
China and the United States in the South Pacific Ocean: Will Strategic Competition or Practical Cooperation Drive the Future Development
Authors: Hong Nong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The South Pacific Ocean is emerging as an arena of U.S.-China strategic competition while the practices of the two countries in some areas suggest that the model of cooperation could benefit the regional States. It is hard to foresee whether competition or cooperation will drive the future development of the South Pacific or whether the two phenomena may co-exist. It is determined not only by policies taken by the two States themselves and their perspective engagements with both external stakeholders and regional States. Also, it is critical to understand how the regional states view the United States and China and how they are responding to U.S.-China competition.
Bangladesh: The Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones (Amendment) Act of 2021
Authors: Hosen Muhammad Farhad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Bangladesh passed the Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones in 1974. In 2001, Bangladesh became a State Party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos). In 2012 and 2014, Bangladesh resolved its maritime disputes with Myanmar and India, respectively. These developments necessitated the amendment of the 1974 law. In 2021, the Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones (Amendment) Act of 2021 was enacted into law. The law brings the domestic legislation of Bangladesh into conformity with unclos and establishes the sovereignty of Bangladesh over its maritime areas and offshore resources in order to facilitate the exploration and extraction of its marine resources. This article highlights significant changes and provisions in the new law.
Education In The Scottish Parliament
Authors: Redford Morag 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper follows on from the previous bulletin (Redford 2022), which covered the education remit of the Parliament’s Education, Children and Young Peoples Committee between September 2021 and January 2022. The following bulletin covers the major pieces of work of the Education, Children and Young People Committee from February 2022 to January 2023.