bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and related factors for physical function and cognitive impairment among older adults in southern China: A population-based regional cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Yi , Cui Hong , Chen Ling , Wang Xiaoxia , Lin Lixia , Huang Qiao , Guo Jinhua , Gong Bei , Shen Tiemei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

As the country with the largest and fastest-aging older population worldwide, China has hosted an increasing number of regional investigations of disability in older adults. However, the disability prevalence related to physical function and cognition in southern China is unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and associated factors for cognitive and physical-function impairment in persons 60 years or older. For this population-based cross-sectional study design, a total of 5603 participants were recruited between June 2021 to December 2022, using multistage, stratified, cluster-sampling procedure. Instruments including general questionnaire, basic and instrumental activities of daily life, Chinese version of mini-mental state examination, patient health questionnaire-9 and generalized anxiety disorder-7 were used to collect data in the form of WetChat mini program. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied to explore the influencing factors. The prevalence of physical function and cognitive impairment in older adults was 37.3% and 31.0%, respectively. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that age, family income, education level, place of residence, medication type, annual physical examination, weekly social activities, care from family or friends, hearing disorder, walking disorder and depression were all associated with physical function and cognitive impairment. Moreover, an increased risk of physical function impairment was associated with BMI, region, income source, smoking and weekly exercise, and cognitive impairment was associated with the number of children, insurance type, coronary heart disease and anxiety. Physical function (OR: 1.79, 95%CI: 1.49, 2.16) and cognitive impairment (OR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.51, 2.21) were mutually influenced in our study. This study showed a high prevalence of and several related factors for physical function and cognitive impairment in Guangdong Province. The results revealed that comprehensive and systematic prevention and control programs for disability should be established to improve the quality of life of older adults.
Dietary retinol intake from different sources and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study
Authors: Liu Can , Sun Xiaona , Peng Jing , Yu Haiqing , Lu Jiao , Feng Yihui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an urgent public health issue with high global prevalence, but data on NAFLD are inconsistent. The association of dietary retinol intake with the NAFLD risk was not well documented in previous studies.
Aims: To explore the relationship between dietary retinol intake from different sources and NAFLD risk among American adults.
Methods: Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2014. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to estimate the relationship between dietary retinol intake and NAFLD risk.
Results: 6,613 adult participants were included. After adjusting potential confounders, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NAFLD for the highest quartile intake of total, animal-derived, plant-derived dietary retinol, were respectively 0.86 (0.69-1.06), 0.97 (0.74-1.28), and 0.78 (0.61-0.99), compared to the lowest quartile. Stratifying gender and age, plant-derived dietary retinol was inversely associated with NAFLD risk in females and participants aged <45 years. Dose-response analysis indicated a linear negative relationship between plant-derived dietary retinol intake and NAFLD risk.
Conclusion: Consumption of plant-derived retinol was protective against NAFLD, especially in women and those aged <45 years among adult American.
Efficacy of pharmacotherapies for bulimia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Sijie , Song yafeng , Shen Chongkai , Shao Fei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The main purpose was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of different medications used to treat bulimia nervosa(BN).
Methods
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from published sources through searches in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase, from inception to November 2022. Primary outcomes were: changes in the frequency of binge eating episodes and vomiting episodes from baseline to endpoint. Secondary outcomes were difference in the improvement of scores in depressive symptoms; tolerability (dropout due to adverse events) and weight change.
Results
The literature search ultimately included 11 drugs, 33 studies and 6 types of medicine, 8 trials with TCAs (imipramine, desipramine and amitriptyline), 14 with SSRIs (fluoxetine, citalopram and fluvoxamine), 6 with MAOIs (phenelzine, moclobemide and brofaromine), 3 with antiepileptic drugs (topiramate), 1 with mood stabilizer (lithium), 1 with amphetamine-type appetite suppressant (fenfluramine). In the reduction of binge eating episodes was more likely on these drugs than placebo, the SMD was − 0.4 (95% CI -0.61~-0.19); about the changes in the frequency of vomiting episodes (SMD=-0.16, 95% CI -0.3~-0.03); weight (WMD=-3.05, 95% CI -5.97~-0.13); depressive symptoms (SMD=-0.29 ,95% CI -0.48~-0.11). However, no statistical difference was found in dropout due to adverse events (RR = 1.62, 95% CI 0.98 ~ 2.67).
Conclusions
This meta-analysis indicates that most pharmacotherapies declined the frequency of binge-eating and vomiting episode, body weight, and depressive symptoms in BN patients, but the efficacy is not very significant. In each medicine, the efficacy is not the same, which through different aspects, different symptoms to improve the clinical performance of bulimia nervosa.
Modeling Wood Product Carbon Flows in Southern US Pine Plantations: Implications for Carbon Storage
Authors: Puls Sarah J. , Cook Rachel L. , Baker Justin S. , Rakestraw Jim , Trlica Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Wood products continue to store carbon sequestered in forests after harvest and therefore play an important role in the total carbon storage associated with the forest sector. Trade-offs between carbon sequestration/storage in wood product pools and managed forest systems exist, and in order for forest sector carbon modeling to be meaningful, it must link wood product carbon with the specific forest system from which the products originate and have the ability to incorporate in situ and ex situ carbon synchronously over time.
Results
This study uses elements of a life-cycle assessment approach, tracing carbon from southern US loblolly timber harvests to emission, to create a decision support tool that practitioners can use to inform policy design around land- and bioproduct-based mitigation strategies. We estimate that wood products from annual loblolly and shortleaf pine timber harvests across the southern US store 29.7 MtC in the year they enter the market, and 4.6 MtC remain stored after 120 years. We estimate fossil fuel emissions from the extraction, transportation, and manufacturing of these wood products to be 32.5 MtCO2e year− 1. We found that composite logs, used to manufacture oriented strand board (OSB), were the most efficient log type for storing carbon, storing around 1.9 times as much carbon as saw logs per tonne of log over 120 years.
Conclusions
Results from our analysis suggest that adjusting rotation length based on individual site productivity, as well as extending the storage of carbon in key products, such as corrugated boxes, through longer lifespans, higher recycling rates, and less landfill decomposition could result in significant carbon gains. Our results also highlight the benefits of high site productivity to store more carbon in both in situ and ex situ pools and suggest that shorter rotations could be used to optimize carbon storage on sites when productivity is high.
Method Development and Validation for the Analysis of Coumarin-based Phototoxins in Citrus-derived Essential Oils Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Li Siheng , Kelly Colleen , Knob Radim , McConnell Kent , Barrett Justin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The occurrence of coumarin-based photoactive compounds in essential oil has been a concern due to the adverse health effects it has on human health. A fit-for-purpose analytical method for major coumarin-based phototoxins is critical to guarantee the essential oils product safety and compliance with the regulatory requirements. Herein, a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analytical method was developed to identify and quantify 25 coumarin derivatives in essential oils. The sample preparation procedure was optimized for essential oils to use selective solvent extraction to remove the limonene matrix interference. To achieve the optimal sensitivity and specificity, UHPLC column of biphenyl stationary phase was used for this analysis. An inter-laboratory validation study was conducted to evaluate the method performance. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for all target analytes were validated at 5 µg/g. Satisfactory recoveries were obtained for the majority of analytes in the range of 80-115%. Both the repeatability RSDr (within-laboratory) and reproducibility RSDR (between-laboratory) <10%. This method was demonstrated as applicable for the quality control testing of coumarin-based phototoxins in essential oils.
National consumption of antimicrobials intended for use in animal livestock health: A longitudinal ecological analysis of antimicrobial imports to Uganda from 2018 to 2020.
Authors: Kitutu Freddy Eric , Namugambe Juliet Sanyu , Senkusu John , Nalubwama Juliet , Ssenkeera Ben , Kateregga John , Aineplan Noel , Kesi Diana Nakitto , Ndagije Hellen Byomire , Kasakya Eric , Mugisha Lawrence 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial use in animals is one of the major drivers of the emergence and spread of resistant microorganisms. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) can spread from animals to humans and vice versa. Monitoring antimicrobial consumption and use (AMCU) in the veterinary sector is important to identify areas of overuse and misuse and to design targeted interventions to reduce the need for and unintentional exposure. This study aimed to quantify and characterize by pharmacological class the antimicrobials intended for use in animals in different livestock production systems imported annually in Uganda.
Methods: We abstracted data from the Uganda National Drug Authority database on all imported products intended for veterinary use from 2018 to 2020. We analysed the quantities of the active pharmaceutical ingredient using the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) methodology and reported the consumption in kilograms and tonnes.
Results: In total, 685.9 tonnes of antimicrobials for veterinary use were imported into Uganda from 2018 to 2020. Antibacterials accounted for 82% and antiprotozoals accounted for 18% of the total quantities over the three years. Oxytetracycline was the top most consumed antibacterial. The top five pharmacological classes were tetracyclines (225 tons, 44.8%), aminogylcosides + penicillin combination (153 tons, 29.7%), sulfonamides and trimethoprim (61.4 tons, 12.4%), macrolides (188 tons, 3.9%) and fluoroquinolones (167.6 tons, 3.5%). Ninety-seven percent of the antibacterials were from the WHO Veterinary Critically Important Antimicrobials, 57.1% were from the WHO Highly Important Antimicrobials group, 32.1% were from the Critically Important Antimicrobials group and 10.7% were from the Highest Priority group. The European Medicines Agency AMEG analysis revealed that 57.1% were from the lowest risk (D) category, 36.5% were from the intermediate risk (C) category and 6.5% were from the restricted use (B) category.
Conclusion: This study provides baseline data on the national-level consumption of antimicrobials used in animal health in different livestock production systems in Uganda for future reference. Annual quantification and analysis of veterinary AMCU should continue to inform monitoring distribution and use in the framework of the One Health approach. Antimicrobial stewardship activities in the animal health sector should focus on restricting and ensuring appropriate use of CIA classes of macrolides, fluoroquinolones and polymixins to prevent dire consequences of crossover resistant organisms from animals to humans.
Utilizes microsatellite instability characteristics for predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy sensitivity of melanoma patients
Authors: Yue Chao , Lian Wenqin , Duan Mengying , Xia Die , Cao Xianbin , Peng Jianzhong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Great progress has been made for Immunotherapy in various tumor diseases due to microsatellite instability (MSI), but research on MSI melanoma is still limited and its potential mechanism still unclear. In this research, we developed a framework derived from MSI melanoma features to forecast the prognosis of melanoma patients and their susceptibility to immunotherapy. At first, we downloaded gene expression data, protein data, somatic mutation data, and copy number variation data from a cancer genome map (TCGA) for patients with melanoma. Chip data and single cell data were also downloaded from Gene Expression Profiling (GEO). And then, based on the 18 differential genes (DEGs) selected from the differential genes in TCGA, GSE62254, and GSE122401, we can divide the patients into three categories. These three clusters have obvious pathway enrichment characteristics. The main enrichment pathways in Cluster A were mismatch repair-related pathways, while the main enrichment pathways in Cluster C were tumor-related pathways and angiogenesis. In addition, Cluster A and Cluster B exhibited a broader tumor mutation burden than Cluster C, suggesting that Cluster A might be more sensitive to immunotherapy. We also found that group A had a significantly better survival rate than group C. These significantly different results confirm the reliability of the classification. Subsequently, by applying the minimum absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) cox regression method, we developed a two-gene marker prediction model. Low-risk scoring, characterized by increased mutation burden and immune activation, but low survival with matrix activation and cancer-related pathways observed in the high-risk scoring group. Patients with low risk scores diagnosed in the immunotherapy cohort showed significant therapeutic advantages and clinical benefits. In a word, we constructed a new model for predicting the prognosis of patients with melanoma and their response to immunotherapy. Thus guide the choice of treatment methods and the identification of novel biomarkers for melanoma.
A Novel Nomogram Integrated with Preablation Stimulated Thyroglobulin and Thyroglobulin/Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Ratio to Predict the Therapeutic Response of Intermediate‑ and High‑Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients: a Bi-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Wen Runze , Zhao Min , Chen Chang , Yang Yi , Zhang Bin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the factors influencing the outcome of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment in intermediate- to high-risk patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).
Methods
We enrolled 553 DTC patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and categorized them into two groups according to their response to RAI therapy: excellent response (ER) and non-ER groups. Clinical and pathological characteristics of the patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed using univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and diagnostic cutoff values were analyzed to assess the predictive value of important quantitative influences on 131I treatment outcomes. A new nomogram model was developed based on the above independent risk factors. R software was used to develop nomograms with all the independent prognostic factors included.
Results
The multivariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis (LNM), stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), and sTg/thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were significantly associated with non-ER of DTC patients. In the training set, the consistency index (C-index) of the new column line graph was 0.868 (95% CI 0.865–0.871), which was significantly higher than the C-index of the conventional 8th edition AJCC TNM staging.
Conclusion
We proposed a new nomogram to predict non-ER for DTC with excellent discrimination and calibration.
Deep Learning for Predicting Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Progress and Future Directions
Authors: kansal Kanika , Sharma Sanjiv 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Breast cancer prediction is a critical area of research aimed at improving early detection and enhancing treatment strategies. Considering the fast development of Machine Learning techniques, the level of curiosity has increased dramatically in leveraging these algorithms for accurate and efficient breast cancer prediction. This survey paper comprehensively overviews the present condition of the art Machine Learning approaches employed in breast cancer prediction. This study analyzed a wide range of research studies, methodologies, and datasets to present a complete image of the state of the field, the problems it faces, and where it's going. Diverse techniques for Machine Learning, including deep learning models, SVMs, random forests, ANNs, and ensemble methods, are explored in terms of their strengths, weaknesses, and specific breast cancer prediction tasks they have been applied. Furthermore, the study also discussed the diverse input data modalities used, ranging from traditional mammograms and histopathological images to genomics and proteomics data. Challenges such as dataset imbalance, feature selection, interpretability, and generalizability are examined, along with proposed solutions and prospective directions for research. This survey paper aims to give a wealth of information for scientists, doctors, and others in the healthcare field to understand the advancements and potential of predicting breast cancer with Machine Learning, contributing to the development of improved precision and dependable predictive models for improved patient outcomes in the battle against breast cancer.
Novel Methodology of Chitosan-Salicaldehdye Polymers: Synthesis, Charactrization, and application in NH3 sensing
Authors: Saeed Ahmed M. , Taha Ahmed G. , Dardeer Hemat M. , Aly Moustafa F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Chitosan-salicylaldehyde polymer derivatives were formed via chitosan modification. These polymers were synthesized through inclusion with β-cylcodextrine and doping with ZnO nanoparticles to give pseudopolyrotaxane and Chs-Sal/ZnO NPs composite, respectively. Additionally, the complicated polymer (Chs-Sal/ β-CD/ZnO NPs) was prepared via insertion of generated composite (Chs-Sal/ZnO NPs) through β-cyclodextrin ring. The structural and morphological characterizations of the novel synthesized derivatives were confirmed by utilizing FT-IR, XRD and SEM analysis, respectively. Also, the optical properties and thermal gravimetric analysis of the synthesized polymers were explored. The released results confirmed that using β-CD or ZnO NPs for modification of polymer (chs-sal) dramatically enhanced the thermal stability and optical features of the synthesized polymers. Investigations on the NH3-sensing properties of Chs-Sal/β-CD/ZnO NPs composite were carried out at concentrations down to 10 ppm at RT. It was found that modification by β-CD and doping with ZnO NPs improves effectively the NH3-sensing response of Chs-Sal and exhibited good selectivity and good response-recovery time at RT.
Gene expression analysis of LncRNAs and Wnt/ β -catenin signaling pathway genes in skeletal disorders with limb involvement
Authors: Kaur Karandeep , Panigrahi Inusha , Ghosh Sujata , Raj Nirmal , Srivast Priyanka , Dhiman Shalini 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Limb abnormalities include conditions such as arm & leg discrepancy, upper & lower limb deficiency and associated angular/rotational deformities of the arms, elbows, hips, knees, ankles and feet. The recent 11th edition of nosology and classification of 2023 comprises of different genetic skeletal disorders classified into 41 groups that are linked to 552 genes. Mutations in several Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway genes have been linked with the skeletal disorders with involvement of limb deformity. Despite the fact that many studies have evaluated Wnt/β-catenin signaling from diverse perspectives, research covering the function, composition and clinical trials of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway involvement in the genetic skeletal disorders in the patients with limb abnormality is lacking. In addition, there is a class of RNAs known as long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) which performs a wide range of biological functions. In this research article, the effect of MEG3 and DANCR LncRNAs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway genes, namely CTNNB1, ROR2, WNT10A, WNT1, LRP6, GSK3β, DACT1, and COL1A2 in the children with skeletal disorders was studied, in order to gain insight into the pathophysiology of the disease process.
Characteristics and risk factors for postoperative mortality in children with congenital heart disease (CHD): a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Guangjian , Guo Yuxiong , Pan Liyan , Chen Peiling , Huang Zijian , Zhang Lei , Wu Jiaxing , Cai Yuanbin , Chen Chunling , Zhang Jingwen , Sun Yueyu , Zhou Chengbin , Yuan Haiyun , Liu Xiaobing , Cen Jianzheng , Wen Shusheng , Zheng Guilang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives:We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study to determine the characteristics and risk factors for postoperative mortality in children who underwent CHD surgery.
Design: A cross-sectional retrospective study.
Setting: Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2020.
Patients:All pediatric patients who underwent open heart surgery for CHD.
Interventions: None.
Measurements and Main Results: Patients’ demographic features, clinical data, preoperative comorbidities and postoperative complications, and outcomes were collected. The in-hospital mortality rate was computed, and the relationship with independent variables was determined. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine risk factors for in-hospital mortality in children with CHD surgery. A total of 23,366 children with CHD were included in the analysis, of whom 502 patients (2.15%) died after CHD surgery. Complex mixed defect CHD, neonatal period and male sex were the CHD type, age group and sex with the highest in-hospital mortality of 4.56%, 11.85% and 2.55%, respectively. Male (OR=1.31; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.65; p=0.006), infant period (OR=0.55; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.71; p<0.001), toddler age (OR=0.37; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.56; p<0.001), preschool age (OR=0.31; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.50; p<0.001), school age and adolescence (OR=0.37; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.61; p<0.001), left obstructive lesion CHD (OR=2.13; 95% CI 1.43 to 3.17; p=0.014), right to left shunt CHD (OR=3.21; 95% CI 2.39 to 4.30; p<0.001), complex mixed defect CHD (OR=2.34; 95% CI 1.80 to 3.06; p<0.001), critical case at admission (OR=2.44; 95% CI 1.90 to 3.12; p<0.001), number of rescues, postoperative infection and respiratory failure were independently associated with in-hospital mortality.
Conclusions: The younger the age and the more complicated the cyanotic heart disease, the higher the mortality rate, especially for boys. A critical condition at admission and postoperative infection especially in the respiratory system, increased in-hospital mortality. Further studies are needed paying more attention to preoperative condition maintenance and postoperative complication control.