bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longer versus Shorter Schedules of Vincristine, Irinotecan, and Temozolomide (VIT) for Relapsed or Refractory Ewing Sarcoma: A Randomized Controlled Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Xu Jie , Xie Lu , Sun Xin , Liu Kuisheng , Liang Xin , Cai Zhenyu , Tang Xiaodong , Guo Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurpose:The optimal dose schedule of vincristine, irinotecan, and temozolomide (VIT) in relapsed or refractory patients with Ewing sarcoma requires clarification.Patients and Methods:Patients with relapsed or refractory Ewing sarcoma were randomly assigned (1:1) to either a shorter d × 5 schedule (irinotecan 50 mg/m2/d D1–5, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 D1) or protracted d × 5×2 schedule (irinotecan 20 mg/m2/d D1–5,8–12, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 D1,8) together with temozolomide (100 mg/m2/d D1–5). Patients were treated every 3 weeks for up to eight cycles until progression or unacceptable toxic effects occurred. The primary endpoint was objective response rate at 12 weeks (ORR12w). Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.Result:A total of 46 patients presenting with relapsed or refractory Ewing sarcoma were randomly assigned to the d × 5 (n = 24) or d × 5×2 (n = 22) schedules. Median follow-up was 10.7 months in the d × 5 group and 8.3 months in the d × 5×2 group. ORR12w was lower for d × 5 (5/24; 20.8%) patients than for d × 5×2 (12/22; 54.5%; P = 0.019), but no significant difference was found in PFS (median PFS, 2.3 months for d × 5 vs. 4.3 months for d × 5×2) or OS (median OS, 14.8 months for d × 5 and 12.8 months for d × 5×2). Patients receiving the d × 5 schedule reported more grade 3 and 4 adverse events (AE) than those receiving d × 5×2, including diarrhea/abdominal pain and vomiting/nausea.Conclusions:The protracted d × 5×2 VIT schedule showed superior efficacy and favorable tolerability compared with the shorter d × 5 VIT schedule in patients with relapsed or refractory Ewing sarcoma.
Abstract A060: Expanding current decentralized research model concepts for targeted community health interventions
Authors: Crook Jennifer M. , Salinas Manisha , Fathi Parisa , Machuca Jessica Otero , Flores Emelina Asto , Albertie Monica , Stephenson Noreen , Reeves Chelsea , Odedina Folakemi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Inclusion of historically underrepresented populations in research has been a problem existing for many years. The recent Covid pandemic has exposed the significant cost of gaps in access to care. There remains a need to reevaluate current research paradigm frameworks to consider tailored approaches that accommodate any location that would ease participant burden and maintain retention. Current decentralized research models include home and mobile options. However, barriers exist, and certain demographics remain elusive to recruitment into research studies. Aim: In this paper, we aim to identify a theoretical framework that will allow for more inclusivity in research. Methodology: Current utilized community-based decentralized research models are compared, barriers in recruitment and retention of interested participants are examined, and a framework individualized to study participants is offered. Results: The proposed framework expands upon the complex adaptive systems theory to incorporate community-based research which considers dividing studies into individual study visit components that may differ in location. It allows for ease of research participant access to care and mutual collaboration among providers and institutions. This new theoretical model expansion outlines a novel approach to community-based participatory research for increased representation and inclusion. Conclusion: Investigators should carefully consider creative and effective solutions to overcome barriers to research participation access, increase diversity and representation, and provide tailored public health interventions. Minimally risk study intervention visits may occur in multiple community-driven locations such as: community resource centers, local physician offices, mobile research units, remote electronic visits, home settings, and a combination of the above (hybrid model). Breaking studies into individual study visit components expands the reach of science into the communities that have long been difficult to reach.
Citation Format: Jennifer M. Crook, Manisha Salinas, Parisa Fathi, Jessica Otero Machuca, Emelina Asto Flores, Monica Albertie, Noreen Stephenson, Chelsea Reeves, Folakemi Odedina. Expanding current decentralized research model concepts for targeted community health interventions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A060.
Abstract B021: Adaptation and feasibility of a Spanish language nutrition and physical activity online intervention for rural-dwelling Latinos with obesity-related chronic diseases
Authors: Ceballos Rachel M. , Cobos Sofia , Rillamas-Sun Eileen , Sanchez Oscar , Ceja Jayleen , Ibarra Genoveva , Silverman Allison , Guthrie Katherine , Greenlee Heather 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Methods of providing nutrition and physical activity (PA) education for individuals with obesity-related chronic illnesses can be difficult to address in a primarily agricultural region where seasonal work schedules, limited medical resources, and geographical distances are significant barriers. To examine the feasibility of a program using online live Zoom-delivered sessions and text messaging in such a setting, we adapted an evidence-informed in-person intervention previously shown to be effective in urban Latino cancer survivors. Nineteen Spanish-speaking Latino women and one man were recruited to a single-arm intervention. Over 3-months, the intervention delivered 6 biweekly 2-hour interactive sessions led by a community health educator and a trained chef plus 4 text messages per week focused on nutrition and PA. All participants were given a Fitbit for self-monitoring PA and access to the Cook for Your Life bilingual website, which provides health recipes for cancer survivors. Preliminary assessments occurred using a pre-post study design. Sixty-five percent of the sample completed at least half of the sessions, 95% completed the data collection and found the check-in phone calls somewhat or very helpful. 100% indicated the live interactive educational sessions and the text messages were somewhat or very helpful. Eighty-four percent of participants found the FitBits and 63% found the website useful. Preliminary outcomes, significant lessons learned, and adaptations implemented accommodate the rural setting and online format, insights gained by participants during an exit interview, and implications for future research such as the exclusive use of smart phones to engage in the intervention, will be discussed.
Citation Format: Rachel M. Ceballos, Sofia Cobos, Eileen Rillamas-Sun, Oscar Sanchez, Jayleen Ceja, Genoveva Ibarra, Allison Silverman, Katherine Guthrie, Heather Greenlee. Adaptation and feasibility of a Spanish language nutrition and physical activity online intervention for rural-dwelling Latinos with obesity-related chronic diseases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B021.
Abstract B055: Health literacy, health numeracy, and cancer screening patterns in the Zuni Pueblo: Insights from and limitations of “standard” questions
Authors: Cartwright Kate , Leekity Samantha , Sheche Judith , Kanda Deborah , Kosich Mikaela , Gonya Madison , Edwardson Nicholas , Pankratz V. Shane , Mishra Shiraz I. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
American Indians (AIs) experience disparities in cancer screening, stage at disease diagnoses, and 5-year cancer survival. This study investigates how health literacy and health numeracy may be linked to cancer screening behaviors of Zuni Pueblo members using a survey exploring cancer screening behaviors related to breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers. As part of a larger community-based cancer-prevention project, Zuni Health Initiative staff conducted surveys from October 2020 through April 2021 for a total of 280 participants (men ages 50-75 and women ages 21-75) from the Zuni community. The project is in collaboration with the Pueblo of Zuni and has received research approval from the Zuni Pueblo Tribal Council, the Southwest Tribal IRB, and UNM Health Sciences Center IRB. Bivariate and multivariable analyses investigated associations between health literacy/numeracy measures and cancer screening behaviors. Bivariate analyses showed some associations between distinct measures of health literacy/numeracy and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, including both colonoscopy (health literacy) and fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) (health numeracy), as well as cervical cancer screening (health literacy). There were no statistically significant associations between health literacy/numeracy measures and mammogram screening for breast cancer. In multivariable analyses, there were no consistent patterns between health literacy/numeracy and screening for any cancer. There are some individual findings worth noting, such as statistically significant findings for health numeracy and FOBT (those reporting lower health numeracy were less likely to report FOBT). An important finding of this study is that questions used to assess health literacy/numeracy did not identify associations aligned with previous research. We reflect on the ways the “standard” questions may not be sufficiently tailored to the Zuni experience and may contribute to health equity barriers.
Citation Format: Kate Cartwright, Samantha Leekity, Judith Sheche, Deborah Kanda, Mikaela Kosich, Madison Gonya, Nicholas Edwardson, V. Shane Pankratz, Shiraz I. Mishra. Health literacy, health numeracy, and cancer screening patterns in the Zuni Pueblo: Insights from and limitations of “standard” questions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B055.
Abstract B059: An evidence-based sexual health education program to reduce STI and teen pregnancy rates in Philadelphia
Authors: Merceir Ra'Ann , Truehart Jade , Bhimla Aisha , Tan Yin , Sileo Jane , Zhu Lin , Wang Min Qi , Liao Sabrina , Trout Julia , Nigam Priya , Kim Ellen , Bogan Aimee , Ma Grace X. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Approximately 25% of Philadelphia's sexually transmitted infections (STI) cases are among teens aged 15-19. Furthermore, there are increased rates of teen pregnancy in Philadelphia compared to other Pennsylvania counties. Lack of comprehensive sexual health education can leave youth vulnerable to various STIs and teen pregnancy. Proud Teens of Philly (PTOP) is a comprehensive sexual health education program for youth aged 12-19 to promote healthy choices and ultimately reduce sexual health disparities in Philadelphia. Methods: Participants were recruited from a network of partner sites such as public and charter schools, churches, and community-based organizations to attend eight 1-hour virtual synchronous sessions. An evidence-based comprehensive curriculum, Making Proud Choices (MPC), which aims to reduce risky behaviors was utilized. Pre- and post-surveys that examine intention to have sex, perceived susceptibility to STIs/HIV, and attitudes toward sex, condom use, and STIs were administered to 246 youth. Paired samples t-tests were used to evaluate changes before and after the program. Results: There were significant increases in positive attitudes towards condom use (pre=26.54, post=27.73, t=-2.18, p=0.03), more negative attitudes towards STIs/HIV (pre=7.62, post=6.65, t=5.22, p&lt;0.001), and increased perceived susceptibility towards contracting STIs/HIV following the intervention (pre=4.41, post=5.39, t=-2.84, p&lt;0.01). PTOP has successfully linked students to various local adolescent health clinics to bring resources directly to the students. An important lesson learned is the need for diverse facilitators to represent the diverse student populations we serve. Conclusion: The PTOP program was effective in promoting positive attitude towards condom use and STIs/HIV prevention behaviors. Its impact also expanded to teen advocacy and community capacity building. The systems thinking approach has shown to be critical in achieving sustainable changes in this high-risk population.
Citation Format: Ra'Ann Merceir, Jade Truehart, Aisha Bhimla, Yin Tan, Jane Sileo, Lin Zhu, Min Qi Wang, Sabrina Liao, Julia Trout, Priya Nigam, Ellen Kim, Aimee Bogan, Grace X. Ma. An evidence-based sexual health education program to reduce STI and teen pregnancy rates in Philadelphia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B059.
Abstract B067: Trend and factors associated with mothers’ refusal of HBV birth dose to their infants, 2018-2020, Washington metropolitan areas
Authors: Juon Hee-Soon , Sheler Donna , Pan Jane , Le Daisy , Yang Tony 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background. Vertical transmission of HBV is the leading mode of acquisition of the infection worldwide. Prevention of vertical transmission is possible in the majority of cases through the correct administration of the birth dose of HBV vaccine to the neonate. The purpose of this study to examine the trend and factors associated with mothers’ refusal of HBV birth dose to their infants in 2018-2020 in the targeted region. Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of electronic birth dose vaccination of newborns in the 2018-2020. Six birthing facilities and home delivery records sent the birth dose data to the DC Health Department, representing 40,269 newborns. This data from the DC health department has mother’s race and ethnicity, health insurance type, birthing facilities, and mother’s refusal to give her newborn birth dose. Descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results. A total of 34,509 (85.7%) received hepatitis B birth dose within 12 hours or discharge from the facility. Mother’s refusal rate to give her newborn has been significantly decreased from 2018 to 2020 (11.5% in 2018, 8.6% in 2019, and 4.2% in 2020, p&lt;.001). There were racial/ethnic differences in the HepB birth dose rates: Asian newborns (90.4%) had the highest vaccination rate followed by Hispanics (88.7%), Whites (86.1%), and African Americans (84.4%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, race, birthing facility, and health insurance were associated with mother’s refusal. African American mothers (aOR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.15-1.39) and those with home birth (aOR=4.12, 95% CI: 2.96-5.74) had high likelihood to refuse having birth dose. Those with Medicaid were less likely to refuse than those with private insurance (aOR=0.90; 95% CI: 0.82-0.99). Discussion. Our study indicated that the overall mother’s refusal to give HepB birth dose vaccination rate has decreased in the past 3 years. A policy for universal vaccination of all newborns (regardless of mother’s HBsAg status) should be implemented to prevent unrecognized perinatal transmission.
Citation Format: Hee-Soon Juon, Donna Sheler, Jane Pan, Daisy Le, Tony Yang. Trend and factors associated with mothers’ refusal of HBV birth dose to their infants, 2018-2020, Washington metropolitan areas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B067.
Abstract B129: Workplace accommodations during and after prostate cancer treatment
Authors: Sandberg Joanne C. , Owens Otis L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study was designed to examine the modifications and accommodations African-American and White prostate cancer survivors experience at their workplaces during and following radiation therapy or a prostatectomy. Approximately 1 in 8 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. Although the average age at time of prostate cancer diagnosis is 66, the substantial number of younger men diagnosed results in large number of men facing treatment during their working years. African-American men are disproportionately affected by prostate cancer; understanding their experiences is therefore particularly vital. Forty-five prostate cancer survivors who had undergone radiation therapy or a prostatectomy within the past 6-36 months, had worked within one month prior to treatment initiation, and had expected to be working six months in six months participated in semi-structured, in-depth interviews about their experiences at work prior to, during, and after treatment. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and systematically analyzed. Twenty of the participants were African-American men and 25 were White men, and their mean age was 61. Most men were able to receive accommodations to address their needs in addition to time off for treatment and recovery if needed. These accommodations included temporarily changing their jobs duties so that they could focus on tasks that eliminated or reduced the most physically demanding aspects of their jobs such lifting heavy objects, performing tasks that could be conducted while seated, and reducing work-related travel. Working from home, reducing their work hours, and taking breaks during the work day also benefited some survivors. Although rare, a man who experienced difficulty meeting the physical demands of his job lacked accommodations and was afraid to request any due to his concern that he would lose his job. Men who lacked access to conveniently placed bathrooms used creative strategies. The move to have employees working at home and eliminating or reducing work-related travel due to the COVID-19 enabled some workers to forgo some accommodations they would have otherwise required. Variation in experience by race will be addressed. The needs of and workplace accommodations provided to prostate cancer survivors undergoing and recovering from prostate cancer treatment vary widely. Increased attention to their needs and strategies to address them could enable prostate cancer survivors to be better prepared for work-related challenges.
Citation Format: Joanne C. Sandberg, Otis L. Owens. Workplace accommodations during and after prostate cancer treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B129.
Abstract C022: Treatment of a Black American lung cancer cell line harboring KRAS mutations with polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors reveals effects on the MAP kinase signaling pathway, cell migration and apoptosis
Authors: Gregory Matthew D. , Puente Pablo E. , Belony Nadine L. , Lazarte Jassy Mary S. , Tawfeeq Nada , Huang Yong , Offringa Ite A. , Lamango Nazarius S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
KRAS mutations are the most common oncogenic mutations in lung adenocarcinoma in Black Americans. Polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors (PCAIs) constitute a group of cancer therapy agents designed to specifically disrupt and suppress hyperactive G protein signaling, such as that triggered by RAS mutations. Here we determine the effects of PCAIs on the viability, G-proteins levels, downstream mediators, and apoptosis-related proteins on the KRAS-mutant, Black American-derived lung adenocarcinoma cell line, NCI-H23. Of the 17 PCAIs tested, compounds NSL-YHJ-2-27 and NSL-YHJ-2-46 showed the most potency with EC50 values of 2.7 and 3.3 µM, respectively. To determine the effect of the PCAIs on the levels of Mitogen-Activated Pathway Kinase (MAPK)-related enzymes, western blot analysis was performed. After 48 hours exposure to 5 μM of the compounds, 57 to 150% increases of BRAF, ERK1/2, MEK1/2, and p90RSK phosphorylation along with a 60 to 78% decrease of pCRAF were observed, indicating significant disruptions in RAS signaling. Furthermore, 5 μM of NSL-YHJ-2-27 depleted the singly polyisoprenylated monomeric G-proteins RAC 1/2/3 and CDC42 by 77 and 76%, respectively. The depletion of these key cytoskeletal proteins may account for the observed 52 and 42% reduction in cell migration after 24 h exposure to NSL-YHJ-2-27 and NSL-YHJ-2-46, respectively. Western blot analysis was used to determine the effect PCAIs on caspase activation necessary for the initiation of apoptosis. After treatment with 5 μM of NSL-YHJ-2-27, full-length inactive caspase 3 and 7 levels dropped by 72 and 60%, while cleaved active caspase 3 and 7 levels increased by 274 and 130%, respectively. Treatment with 5 μM of NSL-YHJ-2-46 depleted full-length caspase 7 by 53% and increased cleaved active caspase 3 levels by 83%. These findings clearly show the direct effects of the PCAIs on the RAS signaling pathway, perhaps through the activation of proapoptotic isoforms of p90RSK. These results support the potential use of the PCAIs to serve as targeted therapies in cancers harboring RAS mutations.
Citation Format: Matthew D. Gregory, Pablo E. Puente, Nadine L. Belony, Jassy Mary S. Lazarte, Nada Tawfeeq, Yong Huang, Ite A. Offringa, Nazarius S. Lamango. Treatment of a Black American lung cancer cell line harboring KRAS mutations with polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors reveals effects on the MAP kinase signaling pathway, cell migration and apoptosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C022.