bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Graphical Method for Analysing Species Assemblages Combining Habitat Preference and Abundance
Authors: Dakki Mohamed , Ennakri Meryem , El Farouki Mohamed , Ziti Soumia , Zoglat Abdelhak 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn ecological investigations, the characterisation of plant and animal assemblages is carried out by implementing different numerical methods, based on the species abundances and richness. This paper provides a detailed description of a method for characterising assemblages, which uses both abundances and ‘preference degree’ of species. This latter ecological parameter is measured for each species for a sample of habitats by using its abundance profile in this sample; this ecological preference is calculated using an index derived from the Shannon formula, largely used to estimate the entropy. The analysis of an assemblage consists then of classifying the assemblage species in a diagram, depending on their abundance and their ‘preference degree’. The preference degree is described through its theoretical foundations and a series of arguments in its favour as well as its variability and application domains. The relevance of this index is illustrated through real datasets collected on two kinds of assemblages (water insects and waterbirds) that differ by their demographic strategies and their ecology. This method revealed a practical robustness that is justified here, but also some weaknesses, on which will be focused our research prospects for generalising its use.
Rating of overall childbirth experience: A qualitative study of a quantitative measurement
Authors: Viirman Frida , Jidrot Reidun , Lundström Linn , Ljungman Lisa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionOverall childbirth experience scores are used both in research and in clinical settings. Since it is still not fully understood what assessment of childbirth experience on a single‐item numeric rating scale or visual analog scale represents, the aim of this study was to explore women's reasoning and thoughts when rating overall childbirth experience numerically.Material and MethodsA qualitative interview study of 26 women was conducted using a think‐aloud technique at a university referral hospital in Sweden. A manifest qualitative content analysis was performed to generate categories and sub‐categories representing how women decided which single value should represent their experience of giving birth.ResultsTwo main categories emerged from the analysis. The first, Strategies for choosing a number, reflects variations in how the women approached the rating scale itself and includes five sub‐categories, each relating to a different strategy: (1) Comparison, (2) Start from the maximum value, (3) Start from the middle, (4) Weigh certain experiences more heavily, and (5) A means to an end. The second category, Specific factors considered in the rating, includes four sub‐categories, representing groups of factors contributing to the final childbirth experience score: (1) The time period, (2) Events linked to strong emotions, (3) Perceived support, and (4) Previous expectations. What the women included in their overall childbirth experience was hence translated into a number, using strategies from the first category and factors from the second category.ConclusionsThe considerable variations in how women approach the rating scale, and what they include in the assessment of overall childbirth experience, suggest that not only the childbirth experience itself but also the reasoning when evaluating it, is multifaceted. A standardized phrasing of the question and a clear purpose for the evaluation is warranted to strengthen the validity of the measurement. When used clinically for identifying women in need of support after childbirth, the rating should be followed by a conversation about the experience of giving birth, independent of the value chosen.
Early and Late Effects of Medium Cutoff Dialyzer on Arterial Stiffness in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Deligoz Bildaci Yelda , Korucu Berfu , Erbay Efe , Erbay Ege , Vural Akif , Caylan Saime Betul , Yigitbasi Barkın , Asi Oktan Mehmet , Colak Ayse , Cavdar Caner , Deger Serpil Muge 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionRemoving uremic toxins from the body is one of the most critical points in the maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) population. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of medium cutoff (MCO) membranes on pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx), early markers of arterial stiffness, in MHD patients over both short‐ and long‐term periods.MethodsTwenty MHD patients were included in this study. Patients were switched from low‐flux to MCO membranes. Hemodynamic parameters and laboratory results were recorded in the low‐flux membrane as baseline and the second week and the sixth month after switching to the MCO membranes. PWV and AIx were measured using the IME Mobil‐O‐Graph.FindingsThe median was 69.5 years old, with 60% female predominance. 35% of the patients were diabetic, 70% had hypertension, and 21.1% were smokers. The median systolic, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and pulse were similar at all study time points. The pulse pressure tended to decrease with a significant reduction in the sixth month (p = 0.73 and p = 0.03). We did not observe any significant differences regarding the PWV measurements (p = 0.71 and p = 0.62) and total vascular resistance (p = 0.23 and p = 0.79). The median AIx decreased during the study time points, with a significant difference between the second‐week MCO and the sixth‐month MCO measurements (p = 0.04).DiscussionOur findings underscore the potential benefits of MCO membranes to provide a favorable cardiovascular profile in conventional HD setting.
Impact of Adverse Events on Neonatal Emergency Transport: Italian Experience
Authors: Risso Francesco Maria , Ruggiero Jessica , Bellù Roberto , Burato Enrico , Bellini Carlo , Rodriguez Perez Carmen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo quantify and categorise retrospectively all adverse events occurring during unplanned neonatal emergency interhospital transfers conducted by the Transfer Service of the Spedali Civili di Brescia over 3 years.MethodsThe revised data were extracted from specific questionnaires filled out by staff. The events were classified according to an adapted retrieval team model (PANSTAR); the risk level was assessed using an effective risk assessment score.ResultsIn 340 transports, 74 adverse events were identified; 68% of them were perceived as due to human error. Most of the events (82%) occurred during the second stage of transportation. One of the 74 events was described as a potential cause of major injury to the patient; 61 of the 74 events were considered insignificant. No event was considered potentially catastrophic.ConclusionAlthough most accidents do not pose a significant risk for the newborn, it is important to identify the few events that could potentially cause significant harm. Some phases of transportation are more at risk than others, and human error is confirmed as a predominant factor in most adverse events. Therefore, opportunities to reduce the number of events through education, training of neonatal retrieval teams and risk management should not be missed.
Threat to control promotes utilitarian moral judgement: The role of judgement type and length of control deprivation
Authors: Sankaran Sindhuja , Soral Wiktor , Lewczuk Karol , Kofta Mirosław 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn three studies (total N = 622), the effects of threat to control on subsequent moral judgement were examined. After recalling a lack‐of‐control experience, participants evaluated the morality of a protagonist's decisions in a series of incongruent moral dilemmas. We found that a control‐threatening reminder made moral judgements more utilitarian on the deontological–utilitarian dimension, which is consistent with the control motivation theory. However, this effect depended on the type of judgement and the duration of control deprivation. It emerged only when evaluating moral legitimacy, not overall moral acceptability, and only under brief control‐threatening situations, not long ones. Thus, control threat made moral reasoning more utilitarian only when factors promoting more careful, exhaustive story processing were at play. Presumably, under these conditions, the non‐specific motivation to regain control—by prompting effortful processing—allowed participants to weigh the moral pros and cons before reaching a final judgement.
On the Measurement of Episodic Empowerment
Authors: Bartholomaeus Jonathan , Mandrell Joe , Strelan Peter 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article reports the development and validation of the Episodic Empowerment Scale (EES): A manipulation check designed to measure a momentary psychological state. In Study 1, participants (n = 125) completed a selection of candidate items after being exposed to a low‐ or high‐power manipulation. Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the number of items to a brief five‐item measure. We then examined the validity, reliability, and stability of the EES. Study 2 (n = 143) compared the target sensitivity of the EES to a widely used measure of power. In Study 3 (n = 129), we investigated the discriminant content validity of the EES by testing its sensitivity to a non‐target manipulation: positive and negative affect. Finally, in a large‐scale replication, Study 4 (n = 479) established the measurement invariance of the EES across experimental conditions and the interaction between conditions and gender as well as replicating the findings from Study 1. Our results indicate that the EES is a brief, valid, and sensitive manipulation check. Findings are discussed within the broader context of validating self‐report manipulation checks and the importance of employing robust psychometric techniques in experimental social psychology.
Jaguar density estimation in Mexico: The conservation importance of considering home range orientation in spatial capture–recapture
Authors: Murphy Sean M. , Luja Victor H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAccurate estimation of population parameters for imperiled wildlife is crucial for effective conservation decision‐making. Population density is commonly used for monitoring imperiled species across space and time, and spatial capture–recapture (SCR) models can produce unbiased density estimates. However, many imperiled species are restricted to fragmented remnant habitats in landscapes severely modified by humans, which can alter animal space use in ways that violate typical SCR model assumptions, possibly cryptically biasing density estimates and misinforming conservation actions. Using data from a two‐year camera‐trapping survey in the Central Pacific Coast region, Mexico, we demonstrate the potential importance to endangered jaguar (Panthera onca) conservation of considering non‐circular home ranges when estimating population density with SCR. Strong evidence existed that jaguars had elliptical home ranges wherein movements primarily occurred along linearly arranged coastal habitats that the camera array aligned with. Accounting for this movement with the SCR anisotropic detection function transformation, density estimates were 30%–32% higher than estimates from standard SCR models that assumed circular home ranges. Given much of suitable jaguar habitat in Mexico is fragmented and linearly oriented along coastlines and mountain ranges, accommodating irregular space use in SCR may be critical for obtaining reliable density estimates to inform effective jaguar conservation.
Is Kaposi sarcoma a novel comorbidity of cutaneous lymphoma? A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Moritz Rose K. C. , Huynh Julia , Poch Gabriela , Sabat Robert , Schlaak Max , Dobos Gabor 
Published: January 2025

SummaryBackground and ObjectivesPatients with cutaneous lymphomas (CL) are at an increased risk of developing secondary malignancies. This study aimed to assess the frequency of association between CL and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and to identify factors that may promote the co‐occurrence of these two diseases.Patients and MethodsOn January 25, 2024, we conducted a systematic search of four electronic medical databases to identify all published cases of KS associated with CL. The clinical course and outcomes of these patients were summarized. For critical appraisal, we applied the JBI Checklist for Case Reports. The study was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022313204).ResultsA total of 40 articles reporting on 45 patients were assessed for eligibility. We included 27 cases in the final analysis (26 cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas, 1 cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma). In 71% of cases, the diagnosis of CL preceded KS. Nearly half (48%) of the patients had erythrodermic mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome. KS lesions were predominantly limited to the skin, with complete remission achieved in 53% of cases.ConclusionsThe association between KS and CL is rare, limiting our study due to the small sample size and potential reporting bias. Skin‐targeted therapies, a restricted T‐cell repertoire, and impaired T‐cell responses in erythrodermic CTCL patients may contribute to the development of KS.
Differential effect of nonpharmacological interventions according to prediabetes phenotype: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Zila‐Velasque J. Pierre , Carrillo‐Larco Rodrigo M. , Bernabe‐Ortiz Antonio 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsImpaired glucose intolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) are totally different. Lifestyle modification is effective in moving from prediabetes to normoglycaemia. There is a lack of information showing the effect of lifestyle modification according to each prediabetes and assessing its effect on the degree of reversibility to normoglycaemia and on cardiometabolic markers.Methods and ResultsWe searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) that enrolled individuals with IGT or IFG. Meta‐analysis was performed to compare the proportion of subjects progressing to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); proportion reversing to normoglycaemia and mean differences in glucose level and cardiometabolic parameters. Thirty‐six RCTs were included. The proportion of subjects progressing from impaired glycaemia to T2DM was higher among those with IGT (16.3% vs. 10.9%), whereas reversion to normoglycaemia was higher in subjects with IFG (27.2% vs. 24.8%). The effect of lifestyle modification on glucose level was significant on those with IFG (mean difference [MD] = −1.56 mg/dL, 95% CI: −2.71, −0.40), but not on those with IGT of (MD = 1.47 mg/dL, 95% CI: −1.33, 4.28).ConclusionDiverse lifestyle modification interventions improved glucose levels in people with IFG, but not in those with IGT. Our findings imply that different non‐pharmacological interventions are warranted for IGT and IFG.
Exploring the Interface Between Planetary Boundaries and Palaeoecology
Authors: Gillson Lindsey , Seddon Alistair , Mottl Ondřej , Zhang Ke , Kirsten Kelly , Gell Peter , Marchant Rob A. , Schwörer Christoph , Razanatsoa Estelle , Lane Paul J. , Courtney‐Mustaphi Colin J. , Dearing John 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe concepts of planetary boundaries are influential in the sustainability literature and assist in delineating the ‘safe operating spaces’ beyond which critical Earth system processes could collapse. Moving away from our current trajectory towards ‘hothouse Earth’ will require knowledge of how Earth systems have varied throughout the Holocene, and whether and how far we have deviated from past ranges of variability. Such information can inform decisions about where change could be resisted, accepted or where adaptation is inevitable. The need for information on long‐term (Holocene) change provides an interface for palaeoecology and sustainability that remains underexploited. In this position paper, we explore this interface, first discussing the need for long‐term perspectives and introducing examples where palaeoecology has been used in defining safe operating spaces and constraining limits of acceptable change. We describe advances in quantitative methods for analysis of time‐series data that strengthen the contribution of palaeoecology to the concepts of planetary boundaries and safe operating spaces. We consider the importance of issues of scaling from landscape to regional and global scales in operationalising planetary boundaries concepts. We distil principles for this field of research going forward and introduce three case studies which will form the basis of research on these topics.
Engaging With a Community of Practice in Dementia: Impacts on Skills, Knowledge, Networks and Accessing Support
Authors: Giebel Clarissa , Watson James , Polden Megan , Readman Megan , Tetlow Hilary , Gabbay Mark 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo deliver implementable, meaningful research and advance knowledge, different stakeholders need to be brought together regularly via a suitable platform or community of practice. The Liverpool Dementia & Ageing Research Forum, set up in 2019, is a public/professional community of practice, providing in‐person and remote events and activities to connect people living with dementia, unpaid carers, health and social care professionals, Third Sector representatives and commissioners. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore the experiences and impacts of engaging with Forum events by different stakeholders.MethodsAttendees of any Forum events were eligible to take part. We conducted remote semi‐structured interviews about the experiences and impacts of engaging with the Forum between November 2023 and April 2024. Anonymised transcripts were coded by three research team members, including a trained public advisor (unpaid carer), using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsSeventeen attendees participated in the study. These included people living with dementia, unpaid carers, Third Sector representatives, academics and health and social care providers. Four overarching themes were identified in the data: facilitated networking within and outside of personal expertise, improved knowledge and capacity, empowerment by having one's voice heard and diversity in stakeholders but not the background. The Forum events were utilised on a drop‐ in and ‐out basis for most attendees, often picking events that were of immediate interest to them, whilst some attended almost all events. Engaging with the Forum was found to strongly facilitate increased networking and building relationships, especially outside of stakeholder background, whilst diversity in backgrounds of attendees, such as ethnic diversity, was lacking.ConclusionsThis Community of Practice has successfully brought together diverse stakeholders to network and expand their relationships, and increased knowledge and capacity in different stakeholder groups. Whilst the Forum was considered inclusive, future outreach work needs to ensure that greater diversity in backgrounds and personal experiences is reflected in attendees, and that a continuous flow of new attendees joins.Patient and Public InvolvementOne unpaid carer was involved as a public advisor and was supported in coding two anonymised transcripts and interpreting the findings. They also helped codesign the semi‐structured topic guide.
Patient‐driven personal importation in the face of cost barriers to care: can we do better?
Authors: Ghinea Narcyz , Heal Hazel , Danta Mark 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAustralia has a robust public health system that helps to make medicines affordable. However, evidence shows that a significant proportion of Australians still cannot afford medicines prescribed to them and that some patients import medicines from abroad as a result. The strongest predictor of whether patients import medicines is whether they have discussed it with their doctor. In this article we explore options available to patients and physicians for access to unapproved medicines when approved medicines are unaffordable. Although personal importation is the most obvious option, regulation leaves scope for other possibilities. We propose that guidance should be developed to help physicians address cost‐related medicine non‐adherence in practice and to help them understand their options and how to navigate them at the individual, speciality and professional levels.
Psychological Empowerment as a Mediator of Effort–Reward Imbalance Effects on Burnout, Anxiety and Depression Among Nursing Home Professionals: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Bouche Amélie , Jaussaud Jacques , Pic Océane , Koleck Michèle , Dupuy Lucile , Ouvrard Camille , Amieva Hélène , Rascle Nicole 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsFew studies have explored empowerment as a predictor of mental health outcomes in geriatric healthcare professionals. This research addresses this gap by using the ‘effort‐reward imbalance’ theory of work‐related stress to develop a comprehensive model, examining the role of psychological empowerment in the psychological outcomes of nursing home professionals.DesignThis cross‐sectional exploratory study used structural equation modelling (SEM) to test a model on the mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between effort–reward ratio and burnout, anxiety and depression.MethodsFrom 2021 to 2023, we used convenience sampling to enrol 280 physicians, nurses and other healthcare workers from 13 nursing homes in France. Self‐administered measurements included Psychological Empowerments Scale, Effort–Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, Maslach burnout inventory—Human Services Survey and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Of the 280 healthcare professionals included, 245 had complete data.ResultsFindings confirmed direct predictive paths from the effort–reward ratio to burnout, anxiety and depression. The negative direct path between effort–reward ratio and psychological empowerment was significant, as was burnout and depression prediction by psychological empowerment. Anxiety was not explained by psychological empowerment. Mediation effects were confirmed. Model fit indices indicated a good fit, supporting the role of psychological empowerment in reducing the negative impact of effort–reward imbalance on psychological outcomes, except for anxiety.ConclusionPsychological empowerment appears to be a promising way to enhance and protect psychological work‐related health of nursing home healthcare professionals.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareUnderstanding the impact of psychological empowerment on healthcare is a first step towards implementing interventions for healthcare professionals to enhance the quality of care and work conditions.