bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organotin(IV)‐Decorated Graphene Quantum Dots as Dual Platform for Molecular Imaging and Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gómez I. Jénnifer , Ovejero‐Paredes Karina , Méndez‐Arriaga José Manuel , Pizúrová Naděžda , Filice Marco , Zajíčková Lenka , Prashar Sanjiv , Gómez‐Ruiz Santiago 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe pharmacological activity of organotin(IV) complexes in cancer therapy is well recognized but their large applicability is hampered by their poor water solubility. Hence, carbon dots, in particular nitrogen‐doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs), may be a promising alternative for the efficient delivery of organotin(IV) compounds as they have a substantial aqueous solubility, a good chemical stability, and non‐toxicity as well as a bright photoluminescence that make them ideal for theranostic applications against cancer. Two different multifunctional nanosystems have been synthesized and fully characterized based on two fragments of organotin‐based cytotoxic compounds and 4‐formylbenzoic acid (FBA), covalently grafted onto the NGQDs surface. Subsequently, an in vitro determination of the therapeutic and theranostic potential of the achieved multifunctional systems was carried out. The results showed a high cytotoxic potential of the NGQDs‐FBA‐Sn materials against breast cancer cell line (MDA‐MB‐231) and a lower effect on a non‐cancer cell line (kidney cells, HEK293T). Besides, thanks to their optical properties, the dots enabled their fluorescence molecular imaging in the cytoplasmatic region of the cells pointing towards a successful cellular uptake and a release of the metallodrug inside cancer cells (NGQDs‐FBA‐Sn).
Sparse matrix‐vector and matrix‐multivector products for the truncated SVD on graphics processors
Authors: Aliaga José I. , Anzt Hartwig , Quintana‐Ortí Enrique S. , Tomás Andrés E. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryMany practical algorithms for numerical rank computations implement an iterative procedure that involves repeated multiplications of a vector, or a collection of vectors, with both a sparse matrix and its transpose. Unfortunately, the realization of these sparse products on current high performance libraries often deliver much lower arithmetic throughput when the matrix involved in the product is transposed. In this work, we propose a hybrid sparse matrix layout, named CSRC, that combines the flexibility of some well‐known sparse formats to offer a number of appealing properties: (1) CSRC can be obtained at low cost from the popular CSR (compressed sparse row) format; (2) CSRC has similar storage requirements as CSR; and especially, (3) the implementation of the sparse product kernels delivers high performance for both the direct product and its transposed variant on modern graphics accelerators thanks to a significant reduction of atomic operations compared to a conventional implementation based on CSR. This solution thus renders considerably higher performance when integrated into an iterative algorithm for the truncated singular value decomposition (SVD), such as the randomized SVD or, as demonstrated in the experimental results, the block Golub–Kahan–Lanczos algorithm.
Recent Developments in Kramers’ Theory of Reaction Rates
Authors: Pollak Eli , Miret‐Artés Salvador 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this short review, we provide an update of recent developments in Kramers’ theory of reaction rates. After a brief introduction stressing the importance of this theory initially developed for chemical reactions, we briefly present the main theoretical formalism starting from the generalized Langevin equation and continue by showing the main points of the modern Pollak, Grabert and Hänggi theory. Kramers’ theory is then sketched for quantum and classical surface diffusion. As an illustration the surface diffusion of Na atoms on a Cu(110) surface is discussed showing escape rates, jump distributions and diffusion coefficients as a function of reduced friction. Finally, some very recent applications of turnover theory to different fields such as nanoparticle levitation, microcavity polariton dynamics and simulation of reaction in liquids are presented. We end with several open problems and future challenges faced up by Kramers turnover theory.
Use of Hydrothermal Carbonization to Improve the Performance of Biowaste‐Derived Hard Carbons in Sodium Ion‐Batteries
Authors: Nieto Nekane , Porte Julien , Saurel Damien , Djuandhi Lisa , Sharma Neeraj , Lopez‐Urionabarrenechea Alexander , Palomares Verónica , Rojo Teófilo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the last years, hard carbon (HC) has been the most promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries due to its low voltage plateau, low cost and sustainability. In this study, biomass waste (spent coffee grounds, sunflower seed shells and rose stems) was investigated as potential material for hard carbon preparation combining a two‐step method consisting of on hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), to remove the inorganic impurities and increase the carbon content, and a subsequent pyrolysis process. The use of HTC as pretreatment prior to pyrolysis improves the specific capacity in all the materials compared to the ones directly pyrolyzed by more than 100 % at high C‐rates. The obtained capacity ranging between 210 and 280 mAh g−1 at C/15 is similar to the values reported in literature for biomass‐based hard carbons. Overall, HC obtained from sunflower seed shell performs better than that obtained from the other precursors with an initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 76 % and capacities of 120 mAh g−1 during 1000 cycles at C with a high capacity retention of 86–93 %.
An oral caspase inhibitor as monotherapy or with antibiotics eradicates MRSA skin infections in mice
Authors: Cahill Emily , Oladipo Olusola O. , Dikeman Dustin , Prifti Denion , Mento Steven J. , Miller Lloyd S. , Alphonse Martin P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections. With the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria, there is an unmet clinical need to develop immune‐based therapies to treat skin infections. Previously, we have shown pan‐caspase inhibition as a potential host‐directed immunotherapy against community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant S aureus (CA‐MRSA) and other bacterial skin infections. Here, we evaluated the role of irreversible pan‐caspase inhibitor emricasan as a monotherapy and an adjunctive with a standard‐of‐care antibiotic, doxycycline, as potential host‐directed immunotherapies against S. aureus skin infections in vivo. We used the established CA‐MRSA strain USA300 on the dorsum of WT C57BL/6J mice and monitored lesion size and bacterial burden noninvasively, and longitudinally over 14 days with in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Mice in four groups placebo (0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC] solution), placebo plus doxycycline (100 mg/kg), emricasan (40 mg/kg) plus doxycycline, and emricasan only were treated orally twice daily by oral gavage for 7 days, starting at 4 h after injection of S aureus. When compared with placebo, all three groups, placebo plus doxycycline, emricasan plus doxycycline, and emricasan treated group, exhibited biological effect, with reduction of both the lesion size (*p = .0277, ****p < .0001, ****p < .0001, respectively) and bacterial burden (***p = .003, ****p < .0001, ****p < .0001, respectively). Importantly, the efficacy of emricasan against S. aureus was not due to direct antibacterial activity. Collectively, pan‐caspase inhibitor emricasan and emricasan plus doxycycline reduced both the lesion size and bacterial burden in vivo, and emricasan is a potential host‐directed immunotherapy against MRSA skin infections in a preclinical mouse model.
Carbonate submarine fan deposits of the Mississippian Lake Valley Formation, Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico
Authors: Bishop James , Bachtel Steve , Thompson Jesse , Miller Cody , Ryan Brooks , Sullivan Morgan , Jobe Zane 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeep‐water carbonate deposition is relatively poorly understood but an area of vigorous research in academia and industry, where these deposits are a significant component of many unconventional petroleum reservoirs. Recent studies of modern deep‐water carbonates have highlighted the wide variety of depositional processes, sediment types and resultant geomorphology; however, well‐documented outcrops of ancient systems, their rock types and architecture are relatively sparse. The Mississippian Lake Valley Formation provides world‐class exposures of slope‐basinal carbonate deposits. The Tierra Blanca and Doña Ana members comprise submarine fans that are >14 to 20 km in length, >5 km wide, and exposed in strike and dip view, affording a unique opportunity to constrain the architecture, rock types and sedimentary processes. Tierra Blanca and Doña Ana sedimentation was dominated by crinoids shed from an up‐dip platform and supplemented by sediments sourced locally from Waulsortian mounds. Depositional processes include turbidity flows, debris flows and hybrid sediment‐gravity flows. The Tierra Blanca submarine fan thins towards its lateral flanks and distal fringe, where deposits become more mud‐dominated, gravelly grain‐supported flows are less common, and fewer beds have scoured bases. In proximal settings, bed tracing complemented by measured sections allow mapping of stratal surfaces and identification of stories, elements and complexes. The Tierra Blanca evolved from more unconfined to confined deposition. Point‐sourced deposition of the Tierra Blanca fan required a funnelling mechanism, probably due to bathymetry created by Waulsortian mounds or possibly a platform margin re‐entrant. Outcrop exposures illustrate that younger Doña Ana submarine fan deposits onlap onto, and compensationally stack with, the thickest portions of the antecedent Tierra Blanca fan. These outcrops illustrate both similarities and differences between carbonate and siliciclastic gravity flow deposits. Similarities include comparable deposit types, depositional processes and architecture; differences relate to hydrodynamics of carbonate grains, funnelling mechanisms for point‐sourced deposits and sequence stratigraphic forcing.
Neural sensitivity to social reward predicts links between social behavior and loneliness in youth during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Dziura Sarah L. , McNaughton Kathryn A. , Giacobbe Elizabeth , Yarger Heather A. , Hickey Alexandra C. , Shariq Deena , Redcay Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNeural reward network sensitivity in youth is proposed to differentially impact the effects of social environments on social outcomes. The COVID‐19 pandemic provided an opportunity to test this hypothesis within a context of diminished in‐person social interaction. We examined whether neural sensitivity to interactive social reward moderates the relationship between a frequency of interactive or passive social activity and social satisfaction. Survey reports of frequency of interactions with friends, passive social media use, and loneliness and social satisfaction were gathered in 2020 during mandated precautions limiting in‐person contact. A subset of participants (age = 10–17) previously participated in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study examining social‐interactive reward during a simulated peer interaction (surveyn = 76; survey + fMRIn = 40). We found evidence of differential response to social context, such that youth with higher neural reward sensitivity showed a negative association between a frequency of interactive connections with friends and a combined loneliness and social dissatisfaction component (LSDC) score, whereas those with lower sensitivity showed the opposite effect. Further, high reward sensitivity was associated with greater LSDC as passive social media use increased, whereas low reward sensitivity showed the opposite. This indicates that youth with greater sensitivity to social‐interactive reward may be more susceptible to negative effects of infrequent contact than their low reward‐sensitive counterparts, who instead maintain social well‐being through passive viewing of social content. These differential outcomes could have implications for supporting youth during times of major social disruption as well as ensuring mental health and well‐being more broadly.
Seasonal variations of sediment load related to all large damming in the Red River system: A 64‐year analysis
Authors: Quang Nguyen Hao , Thang Ha Nam , Banno Masayuki , Van An Nguyen , Viet Tran Quoc , Luan Nguyen Thanh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVariations of water discharge and sediment load in the Red River basin have received considerable attention due to its drastic reduction during the past several decades. This paper presents a more specifically investigating of the seasonal variations in water discharge and sediment load from 1958 to 2021, both before and after the impoundment of all large dam‐reservoirs, using daily observations from the Son Tay hydrological gauging station, the outlet of the Red River system and entry to the delta. Sediment loads have decreased progressively since the early 1990s due to sediment yield reduction and dams in the upper basin, with a reduction of about 91% (from 116 × 106 to 11 × 106 t/year) over the 64‐year observation period. Prior to the impoundment of the Hoa Binh dam‐reservoir in 1988, the hydrological processes in the Red River system exhibited seasonal anomalies (clockwise mode on the hysteresis of rating curve), which implies that sediment load is highly proportional to water discharge and precipitation. The hysteresis loops between mean monthly water discharge and suspended sediment concentration after 1988 were altered by tributary dam‐reservoirs and a phenomenon known as ‘temporal monsoon moving’, which shifted the rating curve from clockwise to counterclockwise mode. Our long‐term analysis indicates that approximately 57.5% and 79% of sediments were trapped during the periods 1989–2008 (after Hoa Binh dam‐reservoir impoundment) and 2009–2021 (a series of new dam‐reservoirs went into operation), respectively, primarily during the high‐discharge months (June–October). Additionally, we concluded that the contribution of climate components (e.g., rainfall) to the dramatic decline in sediment load of the Red River system was less than the human impact.
The need for hemispheric separation in pairwise structural disconnection studies
Authors: Röhrig Lisa , Rosenzopf Hannah , Wöhrstein Sofia , Karnath Hans‐Otto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development of new approaches indirectly measuring the structural disconnectome has recently led to an increase in studies investigating pairwise structural disconnections following brain damage. Previous studies jointly analyzed patients with left hemispheric and patients with right hemispheric lesions when investigating a behavior of interest. An alternative approach would be to perform analyses separated by hemisphere, which has been applied in only a minority of studies to date. The present simulation study investigated whether joint or separate analyses (or both equally) are appropriate to reveal the ground truth disconnections. In fact, both approaches resulted in very different patterns of disconnection. In contrast to analyses separated by hemisphere, joint analyses introduced a bias to the disadvantage of intra‐hemispheric disconnections. Intra‐hemispheric disconnections were statistically underpowered in the joint analysis and thus surpassed the significance threshold with more difficulty compared to inter‐hemispheric disconnections. This statistical imbalance was also shown by a greater number of significant inter‐hemispheric than significant intra‐hemispheric disconnections. This bias from joint analyses is based on mechanisms similar to those underlying the “partial injury problem.” We therefore conclude that pairwise structural disconnections in patients with unilateral left hemispheric and with unilateral right hemispheric lesions exhibiting a specific behavior (or disorder) of interest should be studied separately by hemisphere rather than in a joint analysis.
Ergonomic improvement using natural language processing for voice‐directed order selection in large industrial settings
Authors: Goomas David T. , Ludwig Timothy D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis field study examined the automatic speech recognition (ASR) of voice‐directed computerized systems for order selectors employed in large industrial settings (e.g., fulfillment centers, distribution centers, warehouses, and manufacturing plants). Voice‐directed systems for order selection require selectors to listen to instructions via a headset and speak into a microphone, directing each worker to select products for store orders throughout the facility. Originally, ASR used voice recognition that required “voice enrollment” (voice setup) for each worker plus a trainer's time required as part of the setup. Voice setup generally averaged about 60 min for both the worker and the trainer. Lately, a newer technology now utilizes “speech recognition,” which eliminates voice enrollment altogether. This study measured order selector voice setup times between voice recognition and speech recognition in five facilities. In two distribution centers where speech recognition was implemented, all voice setup hours for all order selectors (n = 55) plus the trainer's time were eliminated. This amounted to a total savings of 110 h. Moreover, using speech recognition becomes a recurring saving for each new employee entering the organization. Now the focus of training is shifted from voice setup to immediately training workers to select orders via voice, an ergonomic improvement.
Numerical investigation of mixed convection of non‐Newtonian fluid in a vented square cavity with fixed baffle
Authors: Ghurban Mohammed Abu , Al‐Farhany Khaled , Olayemi Olalekan Adebayo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper numerically investigates mixed convective heat transfer in a vented square cavity incorporated with a baffle that is subjected to external non‐Newtonian fluids (NNFs). Adiabatic conditions are imposed on the top and bottom walls, while cold temperature conditions are applied to the right and left solid boundaries. Heated NNF enters the cavity through the inlet and goes out through the outlet at three different locations, and it passes on a vertical baffle fixed at the base placed at different lengths. To examine the impact of the inlet and outlet positions, three different shapes of the outlet port located on the right wall and the inlet port on the left bottom wall were investigated. The impacts of Reynolds number (Re) of 100 ≤ Re ≤ 1000, Richardson number (Ri) of 0.1 ≤ Ri ≤ 3, power law index (n) of 0.6 ≤ n ≤ 1.4, length of baffle (Lb) of 0.2 ≤ Lb ≤ 0.6 and the outlet hole positions (S) of on the thermal and flow distributions in the cavity are taken into consideration in this paper. The results demonstrated that the flow's intensity and heat transfer increase with improvement in the Re and n at any baffle length. When the Ri increased from 0.1 to 3, increased by 23.3% at , and 13.8% at . Also, the Ri increment results in the augmentation of the average heat transfer.
Heavy menstrual bleeding, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia: Framing the issue
Authors: Munro Malcolm G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor girls and women in their reproductive years, the symptom of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is the most common cause of iron deficiency (ID), including the extreme manifestation of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). It is recognized that these two clinical entities are not only ubiquitous, but their interrelationship is poorly appreciated and frequently normalized by society, healthcare providers, and affected girls and women themselves. Both HMB and ID/IDA adversely impact quality of life—HMB during the episodes of bleeding and ID daily as long as the ID exists. These combined issues undermine the lives of reproductive‐aged girls and women of all ages, from menarche to menopause. At the same time, pervading culture and the often insidious nature of these disorders frequently lead to societal normalization, including by healthcare professionals. The effects on cognitive function as well as the related work and school absenteeism and presenteeism can undermine the efforts and function of women in all walks of life, be they students, educators, employers, or employees. There is also an increasing body of evidence suggesting that ID, even in early pregnancy, may adversely impact fetal neurodevelopment with enduring effects on a spectrum of cognitive and psychological disorders—effects that can have widespread impacts on society. Collectively, this critically important evidence begs the implementation of diagnostic and management guidelines aimed at identifying iron‐deficient girls and women, repleting their iron stores, and, when present, effectively treating the most common reason for the problem—the various causes of the symptom of HMB.
Iron deficiency, pregnancy, and neonatal development
Authors: Ataide Ricardo , Fielding Katherine , Pasricha Sant‐Rayn , Bennett Cavan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnemia affects 36% of pregnant women worldwide. Of those affected, around 40% is due to iron deficiency (ID). Iron is an essential micronutrient involved in vital processes such as erythropoiesis, immune responses, and importantly—during pregnancy—placental and fetal development. Although menstrual bleeding can impact the incidence of ID even before the onset of pregnancy, this narrative review is pregnancy focused and will explore the impact of ID on placental development and iron uptake, fetal development and immunity, and maternal and infant susceptibility to infection. Although there have been advances in this area of research, much is needed to understand the regulation of iron and the effects of ID during pregnancy. Notably, more human studies are essential to generate the best evidence to advance strategies to reduce the incidence of ID during pregnancy to improve maternal, neonatal, and infant health.
Therapeutic options for the management of abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: MacGregor Becky , Munro Malcolm G. , Lumsden Mary Ann 
Published: August 2023

AbstractJust as the investigation of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is approached systematically using the two FIGO systems for AUB in the reproductive years, treatment options can be considered similarly. Therapeutic options fall into two categories—medical and surgical—and while medical management is typically regarded as first‐line therapy, there are several exceptions defined by the presenting cause or causes, mainly when infertility is a concurrent issue. In the early 1990s, up to 60% of women underwent a hysterectomy for the symptom of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), but this figure has decreased. The number of women undergoing a hysterectomy for benign disorders continues to decline, along with an increase in hysterectomies performed using minimally invasive techniques. Discussions about therapeutic options are tailored to the individual patient, and we include the risks and benefits of each option, including no management, to enable the patient to make an informed choice. The different types of treatment options and the factors affecting decision‐making are considered in this article.