bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The chemokines CXCL8 and CXCL12: molecular and functional properties, role in disease and efforts towards pharmacological intervention
Authors: Cambier Seppe , Gouwy Mieke , Proost Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChemokines are an indispensable component of our immune system through the regulation of directional migration and activation of leukocytes. CXCL8 is the most potent human neutrophil-attracting chemokine and plays crucial roles in the response to infection and tissue injury. CXCL8 activity inherently depends on interaction with the human CXC chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2, the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR1, and glycosaminoglycans. Furthermore, (hetero)dimerization and tight regulation of transcription and translation, as well as post-translational modifications further fine-tune the spatial and temporal activity of CXCL8 in the context of inflammatory diseases and cancer. The CXCL8 interaction with receptors and glycosaminoglycans is therefore a promising target for therapy, as illustrated by multiple ongoing clinical trials. CXCL8-mediated neutrophil mobilization to blood is directly opposed by CXCL12, which retains leukocytes in bone marrow. CXCL12 is primarily a homeostatic chemokine that induces migration and activation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, endothelial cells, and several leukocytes through interaction with CXCR4, ACKR1, and ACKR3. Thereby, it is an essential player in the regulation of embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, and angiogenesis. However, CXCL12 can also exert inflammatory functions, as illustrated by its pivotal role in a growing list of pathologies and its synergy with CXCL8 and other chemokines to induce leukocyte chemotaxis. Here, we review the plethora of information on the CXCL8 structure, interaction with receptors and glycosaminoglycans, different levels of activity regulation, role in homeostasis and disease, and therapeutic prospects. Finally, we discuss recent research on CXCL12 biochemistry and biology and its role in pathology and pharmacology.
Silver nanoparticle enhanced metal-organic matrix with interface-engineering for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Liu Yannan , Liu Cheng-Hao , Debnath Tushar , Wang Yong , Pohl Darius , Besteiro Lucas V. , Meira Debora Motta , Huang Shengyun , Yang Fan , Rellinghaus Bernd , Chaker Mohamed , Perepichka Dmytro F. , Ma Dongling 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntegrating plasmonic nanoparticles into the photoactive metal-organic matrix is highly desirable due to the plasmonic near field enhancement, complementary light absorption, and accelerated separation of photogenerated charge carriers at the junction interface. The construction of a well-defined, intimate interface is vital for efficient charge carrier separation, however, it remains a challenge in synthesis. Here we synthesize a junction bearing intimate interface, composed of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles and matrix with silver node via a facile one-step approach. The plasmonic effect of Ag nanoparticles on the matrix is visualized through electron energy loss mapping. Moreover, charge carrier transfer from the plasmonic nanoparticles to the matrix is verified through ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy and in-situ photoelectron spectroscopy. The system delivers highly efficient visible-light photocatalytic H2 generation, surpassing most reported metal-organic framework-based photocatalytic systems. This work sheds light on effective electronic and energy bridging between plasmonic nanoparticles and organic semiconductors.
Modulating stereoselectivity in allylic C(sp3)-H bond arylations via nickel and photoredox catalysis
Authors: Huang Long , Szewczyk Marcin , Kancherla Rajesh , Maity Bholanath , Zhu Chen , Cavallo Luigi , Rueping Magnus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile significant progress has been made in developing selective C-H bond cross-couplings in the field of radical chemistry, the site and stereoselectivity remain a long-standing challenge. Here, we present the successful development of stereodivergent allylic C(sp3)-H bond arylations through a systematic investigation of the direction and degree of stereoselectivity in the cross-coupling process. In contrast to the signature photosensitized geometrical isomerization of alkenes, the catalytic reaction demonstrates the feasibility of switching the C-C double bond stereoselectivity by means of ligand control as well as steric and electronic effects. Computational studies explain the stereochemical outcome and indicate that excitation of a Ni-allyl complex from singlet to a triplet state results in a spontaneous change of the allyl group coordination and that the subsequent isomerization can be directed by the choice of the ligand to achieveE/Zselectivity.
The importance of the interface for picosecond spin pumping in antiferromagnet-heavy metal heterostructures
Authors: Kholid Farhan Nur , Hamara Dominik , Hamdan Ahmad Faisal Bin , Nava Antonio Guillermo , Bowen Richard , Petit Dorothée , Cowburn Russell , Pisarev Roman V. , Bossini Davide , Barker Joseph , Ciccarelli Chiara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInterfaces in heavy metal (HM) - antiferromagnetic insulator (AFI) heterostructures have recently become highly investigated and debated systems in the effort to create spintronic devices that function at terahertz frequencies. Such heterostructures have great technological potential because AFIs can generate sub-picosecond spin currents which the HMs can convert into charge signals. In this work we demonstrate an optically induced picosecond spin transfer at the interface between AFIs and Pt using time-domain THz emission spectroscopy. We select two antiferromagnets in the same family of fluoride cubic perovskites, KCoF3 and KNiF3, whose magnon frequencies at the centre of the Brillouin zone differ by an order of magnitude. By studying their behaviour with temperature, we correlate changes in the spin transfer efficiency across the interface to the opening of a gap in the magnon density of states below the Néel temperature. Our observations are reproduced in a model based on the spin exchange between the localized electrons in the antiferromagnet and the free electrons in Pt. Through this comparative study of selected materials, we are able to shine light on the microscopy of spin transfer at picosecond timescales between antiferromagnets and heavy metals and identify a key figure of merit for its efficiency: the magnon gap. Our results are important for progressing in the fundamental understanding of the highly discussed physics of the HM/AFI interfaces, which is the necessary cornerstone for the designing of femtosecond antiferromagnetic spintronics devices with optimized characteristics.
Structures of honeybee-infecting Lake Sinai virus reveal domain functions and capsid assembly with dynamic motions
Authors: Chen Nai-Chi , Wang Chun-Hsiung , Yoshimura Masato , Yeh Yi-Qi , Guan Hong-Hsiang , Chuankhayan Phimonphan , Lin Chien-Chih , Lin Pei-Ju , Huang Yen-Chieh , Wakatsuki Soichi , Ho Meng-Chiao , Chen Chun-Jung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the structural diversity of honeybee-infecting viruses is critical to maintain pollinator health and manage the spread of diseases in ecology and agriculture. We determine cryo-EM structures of T = 4 and T = 3 capsids of virus-like particles (VLPs) of Lake Sinai virus (LSV) 2 and delta-N48 LSV1, belonging to tetraviruses, at resolutions of 2.3–2.6 Å in various pH environments. Structural analysis shows that the LSV2 capsid protein (CP) structural features, particularly the protruding domain and C-arm, differ from those of other tetraviruses. The anchor loop on the central β-barrel domain interacts with the neighboring subunit to stabilize homo-trimeric capsomeres during assembly. Delta-N48 LSV1 CP interacts with ssRNA via the rigid helix α1’, α1’–α1 loop, β-barrel domain, and C-arm. Cryo-EM reconstructions, combined with X-ray crystallographic and small-angle scattering analyses, indicate that pH affects capsid conformations by regulating reversible dynamic particle motions and sizes of LSV2 VLPs. C-arms exist in all LSV2 and delta-N48 LSV1 VLPs across varied pH conditions, indicating that autoproteolysis cleavage is not required for LSV maturation. The observed linear domino-scaffold structures of various lengths, made up of trapezoid-shape capsomeres, provide a basis for icosahedral T = 4 and T = 3 architecture assemblies. These findings advance understanding of honeybee-infecting viruses that can cause Colony Collapse Disorder.
Measurement of the axial vector form factor from antineutrino–proton scattering
Authors: Cai T. , Moore M. L. , Olivier A. , Akhter S. , Dar Z. Ahmad , Ansari V. , Ascencio M. V. , Bashyal A. , Bercellie A. , Betancourt M. , Bodek A. , Bonilla J. L. , Bravar A. , Budd H. , Caceres G. , Carneiro M. F. , Díaz G. A. , da Motta H. , Felix J. , Fields L. , Filkins A. , Fine R. , Gago A. M. , Gallagher H. , Gilligan S. M. , Gran R. , Granados E. , Harris D. A. , Henry S. , Jena D. , Jena S. , Kleykamp J. , Klustová A. , Kordosky M. , Last D. , Le T. , Lozano A. , Lu X.-G. , Maher E. , Manly S. , Mann W. A. , Mauger C. , McFarland K. S. , Messerly B. , Miller J. , Moreno O. , Morfín J. G. , Naples D. , Nelson J. K. , Nguyen C. , Paolone V. , Perdue G. N. , Plows K.-J. , Ramírez M. A. , Ransome R. D. , Ray H. , Ruterbories D. , Schellman H. , Salinas C. J. Solano , Su H. , Sultana M. , Syrotenko V. S. , Valencia E. , Vaughan N. H. , Waldron A. V. , Wascko M. O. , Wret C. , Yaeggy B. , Zazueta L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractScattering of high energy particles from nucleons probes their structure, as was done in the experiments that established the non-zero size of the proton using electron beams1. The use of charged leptons as scattering probes enables measuring the distribution of electric charges, which is encoded in the vector form factors of the nucleon2. Scattering weakly interacting neutrinos gives the opportunity to measure both vector and axial vector form factors of the nucleon, providing an additional, complementary probe of their structure. The nucleon transition axial form factor, FA, can be measured from neutrino scattering from free nucleons, νμn → μ−p and $${\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }p\to {\mu }^{+}n$$

ν

¯

μ

p
→

μ

+

n

, as a function of the negative four-momentum transfer squared (Q2). Up to now, FA(Q2) has been extracted from the bound nucleons in neutrino–deuterium scattering3–9, which requires uncertain nuclear corrections10. Here we report the first high-statistics measurement, to our knowledge, of the $${\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }\,p\to {\mu }^{+}n$$

ν

¯

μ

p
→

μ

+

n

cross-section from the hydrogen atom, using the plastic scintillator target of the MINERvA11 experiment, extracting FA from free proton targets and measuring the nucleon axial charge radius, rA, to be 0.73 ± 0.17 fm. The antineutrino–hydrogen scattering presented here can access the axial form factor without the need for nuclear theory corrections, and enables direct comparisons with the increasingly precise lattice quantum chromodynamics computations12–15. Finally, the tools developed for this analysis and the result presented are substantial advancements in our capabilities to understand the nucleon structure in the weak sector, and also help the current and future neutrino oscillation experiments16–20 to better constrain neutrino interaction models.
Field-linked resonances of polar molecules
Authors: Chen Xing-Yan , Schindewolf Andreas , Eppelt Sebastian , Bause Roman , Duda Marcel , Biswas Shrestha , Karman Tijs , Hilker Timon , Bloch Immanuel , Luo Xin-Yu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractScattering resonances are an essential tool for controlling the interactions of ultracold atoms and molecules. However, conventional Feshbach scattering resonances1, which have been extensively studied in various platforms1–7, are not expected to exist in most ultracold polar molecules because of the fast loss that occurs when two molecules approach at a close distance8–10. Here we demonstrate a new type of scattering resonance that is universal for a wide range of polar molecules. The so-called field-linked resonances11–14 occur in the scattering of microwave-dressed molecules because of stable macroscopic tetramer states in the intermolecular potential. We identify two resonances between ultracold ground-state sodium–potassium molecules and use the microwave frequencies and polarizations to tune the inelastic collision rate by three orders of magnitude, from the unitary limit to well below the universal regime. The field-linked resonance provides a tuning knob to independently control the elastic contact interaction and the dipole–dipole interaction, which we observe as a modification in the thermalization rate. Our result provides a general strategy for resonant scattering between ultracold polar molecules, which paves the way for realizing dipolar superfluids15 and molecular supersolids16, as well as assembling ultracold polyatomic molecules.
Single-cell spatial landscapes of the lung tumour immune microenvironment
Authors: Sorin Mark , Rezanejad Morteza , Karimi Elham , Fiset Benoit , Desharnais Lysanne , Perus Lucas J. M. , Milette Simon , Yu Miranda W. , Maritan Sarah M. , Doré Samuel , Pichette Émilie , Enlow William , Gagné Andréanne , Wei Yuhong , Orain Michele , Manem Venkata S. K. , Rayes Roni , Siegel Peter M. , Camilleri-Broët Sophie , Fiset Pierre Olivier , Desmeules Patrice , Spicer Jonathan D. , Quail Daniela F. , Joubert Philippe , Walsh Logan A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle-cell technologies have revealed the complexity of the tumour immune microenvironment with unparalleled resolution1–9. Most clinical strategies rely on histopathological stratification of tumour subtypes, yet the spatial context of single-cell phenotypes within these stratified subgroups is poorly understood. Here we apply imaging mass cytometry to characterize the tumour and immunological landscape of samples from 416 patients with lung adenocarcinoma across five histological patterns. We resolve more than 1.6 million cells, enabling spatial analysis of immune lineages and activation states with distinct clinical correlates, including survival. Using deep learning, we can predict with high accuracy those patients who will progress after surgery using a single 1-mm2 tumour core, which could be informative for clinical management following surgical resection. Our dataset represents a valuable resource for the non-small cell lung cancer research community and exemplifies the utility of spatial resolution within single-cell analyses. This study also highlights how artificial intelligence can improve our understanding of microenvironmental features that underlie cancer progression and may influence future clinical practice.
Single-cell spatial immune landscapes of primary and metastatic brain tumours
Authors: Karimi Elham , Yu Miranda W. , Maritan Sarah M. , Perus Lucas J. M. , Rezanejad Morteza , Sorin Mark , Dankner Matthew , Fallah Parvaneh , Doré Samuel , Zuo Dongmei , Fiset Benoit , Kloosterman Daan J. , Ramsay LeeAnn , Wei Yuhong , Lam Stephanie , Alsajjan Roa , Watson Ian R. , Roldan Urgoiti Gloria , Park Morag , Brandsma Dieta , Senger Donna L. , Chan Jennifer A. , Akkari Leila , Petrecca Kevin , Guiot Marie-Christine , Siegel Peter M. , Quail Daniela F. , Walsh Logan A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle-cell technologies have enabled the characterization of the tumour microenvironment at unprecedented depth and have revealed vast cellular diversity among tumour cells and their niche. Anti-tumour immunity relies on cell–cell relationships within the tumour microenvironment1,2, yet many single-cell studies lack spatial context and rely on dissociated tissues3. Here we applied imaging mass cytometry to characterize the immunological landscape of 139 high-grade glioma and 46 brain metastasis tumours from patients. Single-cell analysis of more than 1.1 million cells across 389 high-dimensional histopathology images enabled the spatial resolution of immune lineages and activation states, revealing differences in immune landscapes between primary tumours and brain metastases from diverse solid cancers. These analyses revealed cellular neighbourhoods associated with survival in patients with glioblastoma, which we leveraged to identify a unique population of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive macrophages associated with long-term survival. Our findings provide insight into the biology of primary and metastatic brain tumours, reinforcing the value of integrating spatial resolution to single-cell datasets to dissect the microenvironmental contexture of cancer.
IL-6/ERK signaling pathway participates in type I IFN-programmed, unconventional M2-like macrophage polarization
Authors: Yang Limin , Guo Panpan , Wang Pei , Wang Wei , Liu Jianghuai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractType I interferons (IFN-Is) have been harnessed for cancer therapies due to their immunostimulatory functions. However, certain tumor-tolerating activities by IFN-Is also exist, and may potentially thwart their therapeutic effects. In this respect, our previous studies have demonstrated a monocyte-orchestrated, IFN-I-to-IL-4 cytokine axis, which can subsequently drive M2-skewed pro-tumoral polarization of macrophages. Whether other IFN-dependent signals may also contribute to such an unconventional circumstance of M2-like macrophage skewing remain unexplored. Herein, we first unveil IL-6 as another ligand that participates in IFN-dependent induction of a typical M2 marker (ARG1) in transitional monocytes. Indeed, IL-6 significantly promotes IL-4-dependent induction of a major group of prominent M2 markers in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and human peripheral blood-derived macrophages, while it alone does not engage marked increases of these markers. Such a pattern of regulation is confirmed globally by RNAseq analyses in BMDMs, which in turn suggests an association of IL-6-amplified subset of M2 genes with the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Interestingly, pharmacological experiments establish the role of SHP2-ERK cascade in mediating IL-6’s enhancement effect on these M2 targets. Similar approaches also validate the involvement of IL-6/ERK signaling in promoting the IFN-dependent, unconventional M2-skewing phenotype in transitional monocytes. Furthermore, an inhibitor of ERK signaling cooperates with an IFN-I inducer to enable a greater antitumor effect, which correlates with suppression of treatment-elicited ARG1. The present work establishes a role of IL-6/ERK signaling in promoting M2-like macrophage polarization, and suggests this axis as a potential therapeutic target for combination with IFN-I-based cancer treatments.
Physical evidence of meminductance in a passive, two-terminal circuit element
Authors: Dinavahi Abhiram , Yamamoto Alexandre , Harris H. Rusty 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe first intentional memristor was physically realized in 2008 and the memcapacitor in 2019, but the realization of a meminductor has not yet been conclusively reported. In this paper, the first physical evidence of meminductance is shown in a two-terminal passive system comprised primarily of an electromagnet interacting with a pair of permanent magnets. The role of series resistance as a parasitic component which obscures the identification of potential meminductive behavior in physical systems is discussed in detail. Understanding and removing parasitic resistance as a “resistive flux” is explored thoroughly, providing a methodology for extracting meminductance from such a system. The rationale behind the origin of meminductance is explained from a generalized perspective, providing the groundwork that indicates this particular element is a realization of a fundamental circuit element. The element realized herein is shown to bear the three required and necessary fingerprints of a meminductor, and its place on the periodic table of circuit elements is discussed by extending the genealogy of memristors to meminductors.
Toxic Ag+ detection based on Au@Ag core shell nanostructure formation using Tannic acid assisted synthesis of Pullulan stabilized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Jayeoye Titilope John , Supachettapun Chamaiporn , Muangsin Nongnuj 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, a sensitive colorimetric detection strategy is proposed for Ag+ detection based on the use of environmentally friendly synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), at room temperature, using (tannic acid, TA), as the reductant and pullulan (PUL) as stabilizing agent. The colloidal solution (TA/PUL-AuNPs), at the optimal synthesis conditions, showed maximum absorbance at 529 nm with a berry red color. TEM and FESEM validated that the particles are spherical and monodispersed, while other characterization results elucidated the role of pullulan in the nano-synthesis. Ag+ addition to the probe (TA/PUL-AuNPs), pH 11, resulted in naked-eye color changes, owing to Au@Ag core shell nanostructure formation. Further, the added Ag+ is reduced to AgNPs, on the surface of the TA/PUL-AuNPs probe. A hypsochromic shift in the absorption maximum, from 529 to 409 nm was observed, while (AAg+-Abl)@409 nm exhibited linearity with Ag+ concentrations, from 0.100 to 150 µM. The estimated limit of detection was 30.8 nM, which is far lower than the acceptable limit of 0.930 µM from the regulatory agency. The TA/PUL-AuNPs probe was further tested for Ag+ detection in lake water samples, and it displayed satisfactory detection performances for real sample applications.
Bagarius bagarius, and Eichhornia crassipes are suitable bioindicators of heavy metal pollution, toxicity, and risk assessment
Authors: Mahamood Mohammad , Khan Farmanur Rahman , Zahir Farhana , Javed Mehjbeen , Alhewairini Saleh S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWater quality index (WQI) of Narora channel and health of endemic fish Bagarius bagarius and plant Eichhornia crassipes, district Bulandshahar, Uttar Pradesh, India were studied. Among the physicochemical properties of water, pH, D.O, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Cd were above the recommended standards. These factors lead to high WQI (4124.83), indicating poor quality and not suitable for drinking and domestic usage. In fish tissues, the highest metal load was reported in the liver (58.29) and the lowest in the kidney (33.73). Heavy metals also cause a lowering of condition indices. As expected, decreased serum protein (− 63.41%) and liver glycogen (− 79.10%) were recorded in the exposed fish. However, blood glucose (47.22%) and serum glycogen (74.69%) showed elevation. In the plant, roots (21.50) contained the highest, and leaves (16.87) had the lowest heavy metal load. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) > 1, indicates hyperaccumulation of all metals. E. crassipes roots showed the highest translocation factor (TF) > 1 for Ni (1.57) and Zn (1.30). The high mobility factor (MF) reflected the suitability of E. crassipes for phytoextraction of Mn, Cd, Zn, Fe, Ni, and Cu. Moreover, Bagarius sp. consumption could not pose any non-cancer risk. Although, lower cancer risk can be expected from Ni and Cr.