bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthesis and food security: the evolving story of C4 rice
Authors: Furbank Robert , Kelly Steven , von Caemmerer Susanne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTraditional “Green Revolution” cereal breeding strategies to improve yield are now reaching a plateau in our principal global food crop rice. Photosynthesis has now become a major target of international consortia to increase yield potential. Synthetic biology is being used across multiple large projects to improve photosynthetic efficiency. This review follows the genesis and progress of one of the first of these consortia projects, now in its 13th year; the Bill and Melinda Gates funded C4 Rice Project. This project seeks to install the biochemical and anatomical attributes necessary to support C4 photosynthesis in the C3 crop rice. Here we address the advances made thus far in installing the biochemical pathway and some of the key targets yet to be reached.
The emergence of social soft skill needs in the post COVID-19 era
Authors: Gnecco Giorgio , Landi Sara , Riccaboni Massimo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSocial soft skills are crucial for workers to perform their tasks, yet it is hard to train people on them and to readapt their skill set when needed. In the present work, we analyze the possible effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on social soft skills in the context of Italian occupations related to 88 economic sectors and 14 age groups. We leverage detailed information coming from ICP (i.e. the Italian equivalent of O*Net), provided by the Italian National Institute for the Analysis of Public Policy, from the microdata for research on the continuous detection of labor force, provided by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), and from ISTAT data on the Italian population. Based on these data, we simulate the impact of COVID-19 on workplace characteristics and working styles that were more severely affected by the lockdown measures and the sanitary dispositions during the pandemic (e.g. physical proximity, face-to-face discussions, working remotely). We then apply matrix completion—a machine-learning technique often used in the context of recommender systems—to predict the average variation in the social soft skills importance levels required for each occupation when working conditions change, as some changes might be persistent in the near future. Professions, sectors, and age groups showing negative average variations are exposed to a deficit in their social soft-skills endowment, which might ultimately lead to lower productivity.
Health utilities and willingness to pay in adult patients with coeliac disease in Hungary
Authors: Angyal M. Mercédesz , Lakatos Peter L. , Jenei Balázs , Brodszky Valentin , Rencz Fanni 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Coeliac disease (CD) is a life-long food-related disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 1%. Patients with CD often experience reduced health-related quality of life that could improve with a strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD).

Objectives
To obtain visual analogue scale (VAS), time trade-off (TTO) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) values amongst patients with CD.

Methods
In 2020–2021, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted amongst 312 adult CD patients in Hungary. Patients completed the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and evaluated their current health and three hypothetical health state vignettes defined based on dietary adherence using VAS, conventional 10-year TTO and WTP. Multivariate regressions were used to explore the effect of patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics on utility and WTP values.

Results
Mean VAS values for current health and ‘CD with strict adherence to GFD’, ‘CD with loose adherence to GFD’ and ‘CD without GFD’ hypothetical health states were 79.69 ± 18.52, 85.36 ± 16.18, 62.44 ± 19.91 and 36.69 ± 25.83, respectively. Corresponding mean TTO utilities were: 0.90 ± 0.19, 0.91 ± 0.20, 0.87 ± 0.23 and 0.76 ± 0.29. Mean annual WTP values for returning to full health were: €845 ± 1077, €648 ± 1002, €862 ± 1135 and €1251 ± 1496. Older age at diagnosis, male sex, more severe gastrointestinal symptoms (GSRS) and having comorbidities were associated with lower VAS and TTO or higher WTP values for current own health (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
This is the first study to report TTO utilities for CD health states. Strict adherence to the GFD may result in substantial health gains in symptomatic patients. Utilities and WTP results can be used to estimate benefits of GFD in cost-utility and cost–benefit analyses.
A robust walking detection algorithm using a single foot-worn inertial sensor: validation in real-life settings
Authors: Prigent Gaëlle , Aminian Kamiar , Cereatti Andrea , Salis Francesca , Bonci Tecla , Scott Kirsty , Mazzà Claudia , Alcock Lisa , Del Din Silvia , Gazit Eran , Hansen Clint , Paraschiv-Ionescu Anisoara ,   for the Mobilise-D consortium
Published: April 2023

AbstractWalking activity and gait parameters are considered among the most relevant mobility-related parameters. Currently, gait assessments have been mainly analyzed in laboratory or hospital settings, which only partially reflect usual performance (i.e., real world behavior). In this study, we aim to validate a robust walking detection algorithm using a single foot-worn inertial measurement unit (IMU) in real-life settings. We used a challenging dataset including 18 individuals performing free-living activities. A multi-sensor wearable system including pressure insoles, multiple IMUs, and infrared distance sensors (INDIP) was used as reference. Accurate walking detection was obtained, with sensitivity and specificity of 98 and 91% respectively. As robust walking detection is needed for ambulatory monitoring to complete the processing pipeline from raw recorded data to walking/mobility outcomes, a validated algorithm would pave the way for assessing patient performance and gait quality in real-world conditions.
Graphical Abstract
Thermally induced solid-state reaction of Fe2(SO4)3 with NaCl or KCl: a route to β-Fe2O3 synthesis
Authors: Kopp Josef , Kalusová Karolína , Procházka Vít , Novák Petr 
Published: April 2023

Abstractβ-Fe2O3 is a rare crystalline polymorph of the ferric oxide family with an interesting application potential, e.g., in photocatalysis. In this study, the effect of different alkali salts addition, namely NaCl and KCl, on the preparation of β-Fe2O3 via thermally induced solid-state reaction was investigated. Two series of samples were prepared by calcining two different mixtures, Fe2(SO4)3 + NaCl (molar ratio 1:3) and Fe2(SO4)3 + KCl (molar ratio 1:3) at temperatures from 350 to 700 °C. Although the addition of either alkali salt led the preparation of β-Fe2O3 particles in wide temperature range up to 650 °C, differences in the overall phase composition and β-Fe2O3 purity were observed between the two series. The addition of KCl to Fe2(SO4)3 allowed the preparation of pure β-Fe2O3 (≥ 95%) in relatively wide temperature range of 450‒600 °C, while in the case of NaCl, pure β-Fe2O3 (≥ 95%) was found only in samples calcined at 500 °C and 550 °C. Other phases could be identified as additional ferric oxide polymorphs, γ-Fe2O3 and α-Fe2O3. The in situ XRD results suggest that, in the case of NaCl + Fe2(SO4)3 reaction, simultaneous formation of β-Fe2O3 and α-Fe2O3 may be possible between 350 and 500 °C, depending on the reaction conditions.
Metabolic adverse events of multitarget kinase inhibitors: a systematic review
Authors: Acitelli Elisa , Maiorca Carlo , Grani Giorgio , Maranghi Marianna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Multitargeted kinase inhibitors (MKIs) are used for the treatment of several cancers. By targeting multiple signaling pathways, MKIs have become cornerstones of the oncologic treatment. Although their use leads to important results in terms of survival, treatment with MKIs can determine important side effects the clinician must be aware of. Among those, arterial hypertension, mucositis and skin lesions are universally reported, while data about metabolic alterations are scarce. In our review, we focused on glucose and lipid alterations in MKI-treated patients.

Methods
We searched for articles, published between January 2012 and December 2022, evaluating the effects on lipid and glucose metabolism of four MKIs (Cabozantinib, Lenvatinib, Sorafenib, and Vandetanib) in adult patients with cancer. We focused on drugs approved for thyroid malignancies, since a worse metabolic control may potentially impact life expectancy, due to their better overall survival rate.

Results
As for glucose metabolism, the majority of the studies reported elevation of glucose levels (prevalence: 1–17%) with different grades of severity, including death. As for cholesterol, 12 studies reported worsening or new-onset hypercholesterolemia (prevalence: 4–40%). Finally, 19 studies reported different grades of hypertriglyceridemia (prevalence: 1–86%), sometimes leading to life-threatening events.

Conclusions
Despite some inherent limitations, our analysis may cast light upon some of the MKIs metabolic disorders that can impact on patients’ health, especially when long-term survival is expected. Future clinical trials should consider routine assessment of glucose and lipid levels, because underdetection and underreporting of alterations can lead to the overlooking of important adverse events.
Bone finds and their medicolegal examination: a study from Hesse, Germany
Authors: Ohlwärther T. E. N. , Holz F. , Edler K. , Kölzer S. C. , Reuss E. , Verhoff M. A. , Birngruber C. G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBones found by chance can be of great criminal or historical interest. The nature of their appraisal depends on the individual case, the locally effective legislation and the available resources. To assess whether a find is relevant with respect to criminal investigation, the circumstances of the find and the results of the forensic examination carried out by trained personnel must be considered. The aim of this study was to obtain an overview of the circumstances and nature of the finds as well as the results of the subsequent expert opinions by evaluating bone finds from the federal state of Hesse, Germany. For this purpose, over a 10-year period from 2011 to 2020, all bone finds examined at the Institutes of Legal Medicine in Gießen and Frankfurt am Main, Germany, were evaluated retrospectively with regard to the locations and circumstances of the finds, their nature (human or non-human), the postmortem interval, possible traces of violent impact and the results of further examinations. Of the 288 bone finds evaluated, 38.2% were found in forests, meadows and parks. In 50.7%, the finds contained human bones, of which 37.0% had a forensically relevant postmortem interval of 50 years or less. Evidence of trauma was described in 77.4% of the human bone cases: postmortem damage in 78.8%, peri-mortem injury in 9.7% and ante-mortem injury in 11.5%. DNA examinations were performed in 40.4% of the human bone finds. They yielded STR profiles in 81.3%, leading to a definite identification in 35.4%. Among the non-human bones sent in, the most common were bones from pigs (23.4%), deer (18.1%), cattle (16.4%), roe deer (11.7%) and sheep (11.7%). The macroscopic examination is the first step of the forensic-osteological evaluation and sets the course for further examinations or investigations. DNA examinations are of great importance for the reliable identification of human bones. They were responsible for 70.8% of successful identifications.
Landscape of NcRNAs involved in drug resistance of breast cancer
Authors: Kang Yujuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) leads to the most amounts of deaths among women. Chemo-, endocrine-, and targeted therapies are the mainstay drug treatments for BC in the clinic. However, drug resistance is a major obstacle for BC patients, and it leads to poor prognosis. Accumulating evidences suggested that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are intricately linked to a wide range of pathological processes, including drug resistance. Till date, the correlation between drug resistance and ncRNAs is not completely understood in BC. Herein, we comprehensively summarized a dysregulated ncRNAs landscape that promotes or inhibits drug resistance in chemo-, endocrine-, and targeted BC therapies. Our review will pave way for the effective management of drug resistance by targeting oncogenic ncRNAs, which, in turn will promote drug sensitivity of BC in the future.
Venous thromboembolism in Japanese patients with breast cancer: subgroup analysis of the Cancer-VTE Registry
Authors: Ohsumi Shozo , Watanabe Kenichi , Kondo Naoto , Kosaka Yoshimasa , Ishikawa Takashi , Kitahara Miyuki , Kubo Shinichiro , Oba Mari S. , Kimura Tetsuya , Takita Atsushi , Mukai Hirofumi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
This subgroup analysis of the Cancer-VTE Registry, a nationwide, large-scale, multicenter observational study with a 1-year follow-up, assessed real-world data on venous thromboembolism (VTE) among Japanese patients with breast cancer.

Methods
Patients with stage II–IV pretreatment breast cancer screened for VTE at enrollment were included. During the 1-year follow-up period, incidences of VTE, bleeding, and all-cause death, and background factors associated with VTE risk were examined.

Results
Of 9,630 patients in the Cancer-VTE Registry analysis set, 993 (10.3%) had breast cancer (973 [98.0%] did not have and 20 [2.0%] had VTE at baseline). The mean age was 58.4 years, 73.4% of patients had stage II cancer, and 94.8% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0. Risk factors for VTE at baseline by univariable analysis were age ≥ 65 years, ECOG PS of 2, VTE history, and D-dimer > 1.2 μg/mL. During follow-up, the incidence of symptomatic VTE was 0.4%; incidental VTE requiring treatment, 0.1%; composite VTE (symptomatic VTE and incidental VTE requiring treatment), 0.5%; bleeding, 0.2%; cerebral infarction/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolic event, 0.2%; and all-cause death, 2.1%. One patient with symptomatic VTE developed pulmonary embolism (PE) and died. Incidences of VTE and all-cause death were higher in patients with VTE vs without VTE at baseline.

Conclusions
In Japanese patients with breast cancer, VTE screening before initiating cancer treatment revealed a 2.0% prevalence of VTE. During follow-up, one patient had a fatal outcome due to PE, but the incidences of VTE were low.

Clinical trial registration
UMIN000024942; UMIN Clinical Trials Registry: https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/.
Superstructure optimization of subsea processing layouts
Authors: Sales Leonardo , Stanko Milan , Jäschke Johannes 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs the oil and gas industry expands the use of subsea processing, the complexity of subsea layouts increases, making manual design processes cumbersome and suboptimal. Here we propose a method to support subsea field design where optimization is performed on a model of the subsea system, to maximize the net present value of the project. The proposed mixed-integer nonlinear (MINLP) model is solved to compute a global optimum design considering constraints in production, equipment duties and cost, and reliability and maintenance aspects. The subsea layout, equipment capacity, oil and gas production rates, and system pressures are optimized. The method was applied on a synthetic field based on the Goliat field in the Barents Sea. The method successfully finds the best designs, while the second and third-best layouts give general insights for subsea processing layout optimization.
Detoxification strategy of wheat straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate for cultivating Trichoderma reesei: a contribution towards the wheat straw biorefinery
Authors: Daza-Serna L. , Masi A. , Serna-Loaiza S. , Pfnier J. , Stark G. , Mach R. L. , Mach-Aigner A.R. , Friedl A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe urgency for reducing the dependence on fossil-based materials is increasing the interest in the utilization of renewable feedstocks. Lignocellulosic residual biomass can be used as feedstock to produce chemicals and energy without generating food security problems. Wheat straw (WS) has a clear potential for developing sustainable processes in a circular bioeconomy context. However, the development of processes requires a strategy for utilizing the hemicellulosic, cellulosic, and lignin fractions. This work covers the utilization of the hemicellulosic fraction as the first stage of a wheat straw biorefinery. The aim was to evaluate the hydrolysis of WS by using liquid hot water (LHW) treatment, the detoxification of the produced wheat straw hydrolysate (WSH), and the cultivation of Trichoderma reesei using it as the only carbon source as proof of detoxification. LHW treatment was performed at 160 °C and 90 min and yielded a WSH rich in monomeric and oligomeric saccharides (~ 14 g/L) and containing degradation products in low concentration (furfural, HMF, and acetic acid). As part of the development of the extraction and detoxification strategy, we determined the specific inhibition thresholds for T. reesei for the mentioned degradation products. Detoxification was carried out by evaporation by modifying the % of volume evaporated and the pH of the solution. Approximately 55.9% of acetic acid and 100% of furfural were removed from the WSH. The fungal biomass obtained in the medium containing WSH was equivalent to 98% of the biomass obtained in the control medium.
A new Bihari inequality and initial value problems of first order fractional differential equations
Authors: Lan Kunquan , Webb J. R. L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe prove existence of solutions, and particularly positive solutions, of initial value problems (IVPs) for nonlinear fractional differential equations involving the Caputo differential operator of order $$\alpha \in (0,1)$$

α
∈
(
0
,
1
)

. One novelty in this paper is that it is not assumed that f is continuous but that it satisfies an $$L^{p}$$

L
p

-Carathéodory condition for some $$p>\frac{1}{\alpha }$$

p
>

1
α

(detailed definitions are given in the paper). We prove existence on an interval [0, T] in cases where T can be arbitrarily large, called global solutions. The necessary a priori bounds are found using a new version of the Bihari inequality that we prove here. We show that global solutions exist when f(t, u) grows at most linearly in u, and also in some cases when the growth is faster than linear. We give examples of the new results for some fractional differential equations with nonlinearities related to some that occur in combustion theory. We also discuss in detail the often used alternative definition of Caputo fractional derivative and we show that it has severe disadvantages which restricts its use. In particular we prove that there is a necessary condition in order that solutions of the IVP can exist with this definition, which has often been overlooked in the literature.
A Critical Review on Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars as Reinforcement in Flexural Members
Authors: Kinjawadekar Trupti Amit , Patil Shantharam , Nayak Gopinatha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSince the nineteenth century, reinforced concrete was evolved as a crucial material for construction. This popular composite material is broadly used in different building typologies. However, the decaying of steel rebar due to corrosion is identified as a hindrance that can affect the quality of reinforced concrete structures. In reference to this, the glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar is essential because of corrosion-resistant properties. The researchers performed various tests and numerical analysis to know the response of GFRP-reinforced flexural members in shear and bending. Based on studies over the last decade, this study critically analyzes the response of flexural member reinforced using glass fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars. Understanding the behavior of the FRP bar as the alternating reinforcing material will be aided by this review. Since the GFRP bar has high strength and no yield point, the conventional characterizations of ductility may not be applicable to determine whether GFRP-reinforced concrete components are ductile. Hence, a detailed study is needed to understand the behavior of such structures. This paper explores various properties of GFRP-reinforced beams to appreciate the applications of GFRP reinforcement in flexural members.
Multi-source statistics on employment status in Italy, a machine learning approach
Authors: Varriale Roberta , Alfo’ Marco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, National Statistical Institutes have started to produce official statistics by exploiting multiple sources of information (multi-source statistics) rather than a single source, usually a statistical survey. In this context, one of the research projects addressed by the Italian National Statistical Institute (Istat) concerned methods for producing estimates on employment in Italy using survey data and administrative sources. The former are drawn from the Labour Force survey conducted by Istat, the latter from several administrative sources that Istat regularly acquires from external bodies. We use machine learning methods to predict the individual employment status. This approach is based on the application of decision tree and random forest techniques, that are frequently used to classify large amounts of data. We show how to construct a “new” response variable denoting agreement of the data sources: this approach is shown to maximise the information we may derive by machine learning approach in some problematic cases. The methods have been applied using the R software.
Transition to retirement impact on smoking habit: results from a longitudinal analysis within the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project
Authors: Bertuccio Paola , Vigezzi Giacomo Pietro , Mosconi Giansanto , Gallus Silvano , Odone Anna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
In an ageing society, retirement impacts on behavioural risk factors and health outcomes should be carefully assessed. Scant evidence exists from longitudinal studies on the short- and long-term consequences of the transition to retirement on smoking habit.

Methods
We conducted a longitudinal study based on the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data from 27 European countries plus Israel collected in 2004–2020. To estimate relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for smoking status and intensity at seven time periods before and after retirement, we fitted adjusted generalised estimating equation (GEE) models for repeated measures.

Results
We selected a cohort of 8998 individuals employed at baseline and retired at follow-up (median follow-up time: 9 years; maximum: 16 years). As compared to the year of retirement, the RR of smoking was 1.59 (95% CI 1.44–1.76) at 10 years or more before retirement, 1.35 (95% CI 1.25–1.46) from 5 to 9 years before retirement, and 1.18 (95% CI 1.10–1.27) from 1 to 4 years before retirement. Smoking steadily decreased after retirement, being 0.94 (95% CI 0.87–1.01) from 1 to 4 years after retirement, 0.76 (95% CI 0.69–0.84) from 5 to 9 years, and 0.58 (95% CI 0.46–0.74) 10 years or more after retirement. In smokers, the estimated number of cigarettes smoked/day decreased from about 27 cigarettes/day at 10 years or more before retirement to 9 cigarettes/day at 10 years or more after retirement (p trend < 0.001).

Conclusion
Longitudinal data suggest that lifestyles might favourably change with retirement. Further studies are needed to direct healthy ageing promotion policies better.