bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility, safety, and efficacy of Atrial Flow Regulator in children under 10 kg
Authors: Bautista‐Rodriguez Carles , Hascoët Sébastien , Fraisse Alain 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe Atrial Flow Regulator (AFR) is a new self‐expandable percutaneous‐delivered fenestrated device providing an interatrial shunt. Its use in pediatric population has been reported in failing Fontan, pulmonary hypertension, or in patients with cardiomyopathy and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) support. Its use in small children under 10 kg has not been reported.MethodsWe report the initial single center experience of the AFR implantation in children below 10 kg.ResultsFour children underwent AFR implantation. Patients' age and weight ranged between 9 and 22 months and 5−8.7 kgs. Indications were to unload the left atrium during ECMO support for end‐stage cardiomyopathy and to enlarge a restrictive interatrial shunt in two other patients with complex congenital heart diseases. Devices implanted were AFR‐6 and AFR‐8. Delivery sheaths used via venous femoral access were undersized and ranged from 9 to 11 Fr. Devices were successfully implanted and provided unrestrictive interatrial shunt in all cases. One child developed a nonocclusive thrombus in the inferior vena cava which resolved within 1 month. Clinical improvement and femoral vein patency were observed in all cases.ConclusionAFR implantation is feasible in selected children under 10 kg. The AFR can be safely deployed through sheaths that are 1−2 Fr smaller than the recommended manufacturer size. More studies are needed to confirm safety and efficacy of the device in selected pediatric patients.
Intravascular lithotripsy in the treatment of coronary artery calcification in a high‐risk real world population
Authors: Yeoh Julian , Kanyal Ritesh , Pareek Nilesh , Macaya Fernando , Cannata Stefano , Tzalamouras Vasileos , Webb Ian , Dworakowski Rafal , Melikian Narbeh , Shah Ajay M. , MacCarthy Philip , Hill Jonathan , Byrne Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe DISRUPT‐CAD study series demonstrated feasibility and safety of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) in selected patients, but applicability across a broad range of clinical scenarios remains unclear.AimsThis study aims to evaluate the procedural and clinical outcomes of IVL in a high‐risk real‐world cohort, compared to a regulatory approval cohort.MethodsConsecutive patients treated with IVL and percutaneous coronary intervention at our center from May 2016 to April 2020 were included. Comparison was made between those enrolled in the DISRUPT‐CAD series of studies to those with calcified lesions but an exclusion criteria.ResultsAmong 177 patients treated with IVL, 142 were excluded from regulatory trials due to acute coronary syndrome presentation (47.2%), left ventricular ejection fraction <40% (22.5%), chronic renal failure (12.0%), or use of mechanical circulatory support (8.5%). This clinical cohort had a higher SYNTAX score (22.6 ± 12.1 vs. 17.4 ± 9.9, p = 0.019), and more treated ACC/AHA C lesions (56.3% vs. 37.1%, p = 0.042). Rates of device success (93.7% vs. 100.0%, p = 0.208), procedural success (96.5% vs. 100.0%, p = 0.585), and minimal lumen area gain (221.2 ± 93.7% vs. 198.6 ± 152.0%, p = 0.807) were similar in both groups. The DISRUPT‐CAD cohort had no in‐hospital mortality, 30‐day major adverse cardiac events (MACE), or 30‐day target vessel revascularization (TVR). The clinical cohort had an in‐hospital mortality of 4.2%, 30‐day MACE of 7.8%, and 30‐day TVR of 1.5%. There was no difference in 12‐month TVR (2.9% vs. 2.2%; p = 0.825). Twelve‐month MACE was higher in the clinical cohort (21.1% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.03).ConclusionIVL use remains associated with high clinical efficacy, procedural success, and low complication rates in a real‐world population previously excluded from regulatory approving trials.
Impact of sex on in‐hospital mortality and 90‐day readmissions in patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR): Analysis from the nationwide readmission database
Authors: Ismayl Mahmoud , Machanahalli Balakrishna Akshay , Fahmy Mostafa Mahmoud , Thandra Abhishek , Gill Gauravpal S. , Niu Fang , Agarwal Himanshu , Aboeata Ahmed , Goldsweig Andrew M. , Smer Aiman 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate sex differences in in‐hospital mortality and 90‐day readmission rates among patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) in the United States of America.BackgroundWomen have higher rates of mortality and rehospitalization than men following many cardiac procedures. TMVR has grown as an alternative to mitral valve surgery for patients at high surgical risk. The rates of TMVR mortality and rehospitalization by sex are unknown.MethodsWe analyzed the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) from 2016 to 2019 to identify hospitalizations for TMVR. Sex differences in in‐hospital mortality and 90‐day readmissions were determined using logistic regression models.ResultsBetween 2016 and 2019, 4109 hospitalizations for TMVR were identified, comprised of 1758 (42.8%) men and 2351 (57.2%) women. The median age was 74 years for both men and women. There was no significant difference in in‐hospital mortality during index hospitalization (6.51% vs. 6.69%; p = 0.852) and all‐cause 90‐day readmission (28.19% vs. 29.59%; p = 0.563) between men and women. Across the study period, trend analysis did not reveal a significant change in in‐hospital mortality (men p = 0.087, women p = 0.194) or 90‐day readmission rates (men p = 0.569, women p = 0.454).ConclusionsIn patients undergoing TMVR, in‐hospital mortality and 90‐day readmissions are similar between men and women. Between 2016 and 2019, TMVR in‐hospital mortality and 90‐day readmission rates remained unchanged. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings.
The association between childhood trauma and pain symptoms in depressed adults: The moderating role of anxious attachment
Authors: Zhang Kai , Sun Junyuan , Zhang Qunlei , Zhang Jianwei , He Long , Wang Ziyang , Hu Lei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStudies have previously demonstrated that anxious attachment shapes the association between childhood traumatic experiences and somatic pain; however, it remains unclear how this relationship is influenced by anxious attachment in patients with depression. This study investigated how anxious attachment influences the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and pain symptoms in depressed patients from a social psychological perspective. A total of 139 adult patients with depression participated in this study; the level of depression was assessed by a psychiatric professional. Childhood trauma, pain symptoms, and attachment dimensions were tested by various questionnaires. The moderating role of anxious attachment in the trauma‐pain association was examined using the PROCESS Model 1. Our findings showed that in depressed patients, childhood maltreatment had a significant positive impact on the severity of pain ratings. Moreover, anxious attachment influenced the relationship between childhood trauma and pain symptoms. Our study indicated that anxious attachment is not necessarily a negative outcome for depressed patients; moderate levels of anxious attachment alleviate childhood trauma‐related pain symptoms in individuals with highly traumatic experiences. Understanding the traumatic experiences and attachment styles of depressed patients with pain complaints can help to develop intervention strategies.
Cross‐Ancestry Genome‐Wide Association Study Defines the Extended CYP2D6 Locus as the Principal Genetic Determinant of Endoxifen Plasma Concentrations
Authors: Khor Chiea Chuen , Winter Stefan , Sutiman Natalia , Mürdter Thomas E. , Chen Sylvia , Lim Joanne Siok Liu , Li Zheng , Li Jingmei , Sim Kar Seng , Ganchev Boian , Eccles Diana , Eccles Bryony , Tapper William , Zgheib Nathalie K. , Tfayli Arafat , Ng Raymond Chee Hui , Yap Yoon Sim , Lim Elaine , Wong Mabel , Wong Nan Soon , Ang Peter Cher Siang , Dent Rebecca , Tremmel Roman , Klein Kathrin , Schaeffeler Elke , Zhou Yitian , Lauschke Volker M. , Eichelbaum Michel , Schwab Matthias , Brauch Hiltrud B. , Chowbay Balram , Schroth Werner 
Published: January 2023

The therapeutic efficacy of tamoxifen is predominantly mediated by its active metabolites 4‐hydroxy‐tamoxifen and endoxifen, whose formation is catalyzed by the polymorphic cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). Yet, known CYP2D6 polymorphisms only partially determine metabolite concentrations in vivo. We performed the first cross‐ancestry genome‐wide association study with well‐characterized patients of European, Middle‐Eastern, and Asian descent (n = 497) to identify genetic factors impacting active and parent metabolite formation. Genome‐wide significant variants were functionally evaluated in an independent liver cohort (n = 149) and in silico. Metabolite prediction models were validated in two independent European breast cancer cohorts (n = 287, n = 189). Within a single 1‐megabase (Mb) region of chromosome 22q13 encompassing the CYP2D6 gene, 589 variants were significantly associated with tamoxifen metabolite concentrations, particularly endoxifen and metabolic ratio (MR) endoxifen/N‐desmethyltamoxifen (minimal P = 5.4E−35 and 2.5E−65, respectively). Previously suggested other loci were not confirmed. Functional analyses revealed 66% of associated, mostly intergenic variants to be significantly correlated with hepatic CYP2D6 activity or expression (ρ = 0.35 to −0.52), and six hotspot regions in the extended 22q13 locus impacting gene regulatory function. Machine learning models based on hotspot variants (n = 12) plus CYP2D6 activity score (AS) increased the explained variability (~ 9%) compared with AS alone, explaining up to 49% (median R2) and 72% of the variability in endoxifen and MR endoxifen/N‐desmethyltamoxifen, respectively. Our findings suggest that the extended CYP2D6 locus at 22q13 is the principal genetic determinant of endoxifen plasma concentration. Long‐distance haplotypes connecting CYP2D6 with adjacent regulatory sites and nongenetic factors may account for the unexplained portion of variability.
Oligodendroglioma metastasizing to cervical lymph node: Rare entity diagnosed on fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Kataria Sant Prakash , Mahak  , Kumar Sanjay , Singh Gajender , Singh Sunita 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtra neural metastasis of central nervous system oligodendroglioma is very rare. Oligodendroglioma is the seventh most frequently occurring neoplasm of central nervous system (CNS) with metastasis outside the CNS. According to literature, presence of metastasis in CNS was most frequently detected in patients of glioblastoma (41.4%), medulloblastoma (26.7%), ependymomas (16.4%), astrocytoma (10.3%) and oligodendroglioma (5.27%). A 38‐year‐old male patient presented with loss of vision and swelling on left side of neck since last 1 week measuring 3 x 2 cm. He was operated for brain tumor 7 years back, which was diagnosed as oligodendroglioma. Ultrasound sonography revealed multiple hypoechoic lymph nodes in bilateral cervical region largest measuring 4.5 x 1.9 cm in left submandibular region. FNA of left submandibular lymph node was done, which revealed deposits of poorly differentiated malignancy. Cell block was prepared for carrying out ancillary studies which showed positivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S‐100 and negativity for cytokeratin (CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), LCA and progesterone receptor (PR). Based on previous history of oligodendroglioma, cytological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) findings a diagnosis of metastatic oligodendroglioma was made. Metastasis of oligodendroglioma to cervical lymph node should also be considered as one of the differential diagnoses. Diagnosing metastatic CNS tumor is extremely challenging for pathologists. It is essential to have the clinical information of a previous CNS tumor, including the histologic type and immunophenotype. Besides common malignancies of cervical lymph node, we should also think of CNS metastasis so that patient management will be early and proper.
Suitability of cardiac blood, brain tissue, and muscle tissue as alternative matrices for toxicological evaluation in postmortem cases
Authors: Hansen Stine Lund , Nielsen Marie Katrine Klose , Linnet Kristian , Rasmussen Brian Schou 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDrug concentrations in peripheral blood are often used to evaluate whether death was caused by drug intoxication. In some cases, peripheral blood is not available, and analytical results of alternative matrices should instead be used in the toxicological evaluation. However, reference concentrations of alternative matrices are few, which makes interpretation of results a challenge. In this study, concentrations of selected benzodiazepines, opioids, illicit drugs, and other commonly used drugs in postmortem femoral blood, cardiac blood, brain tissue, and muscle tissue are presented. Alternative matrix‐to‐femoral blood drug concentration ratios and correlations of blood and alternative matrix drug concentrations were calculated to examine which of the investigated alternative matrices were most suited to use for toxicological evaluation in cases where peripheral blood is not available. The results showed that concentrations in cardiac blood, brain tissue, and muscle tissue could be useful in the postmortem evaluation of most of the 19 selected analytes. In most cases, analytes were detected in all the alternative matrices. The median concentration ratios for the selected analytes in brain tissue, cardiac blood, and muscle tissue relative to femoral blood ranged from 0.57 to 3.42, 0.59 to 1.87, and 0.67 to 7.04, respectively. Overall, cardiac blood provided the concentrations most comparable with femoral blood concentrations, indicating that cardiac blood can be useful in cases where femoral blood is not available. However, the measured concentrations should be interpreted with caution.
Reconfiguration of ecohydrology as a sustainability tool for Himalayan waterways
Authors: Kattel Giri R. , Wu Chunying 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTwenty first century faces unprecedented challenges for the management of global waterways. The Himalayan waterways in Asia are exposed to unpredictable climatic warming together with anthropogenic perturbations caused by population growth, land use change and socio‐economic development. Given the increased public concerns on the Himalayan Mountain development programmes including the hydropower and tourism, there has been a growing need of the use of interdisciplinary scientific approaches to address water resources challenges that the Himalayan region has faced during the 21st century. Ecohydrology is an emerging scientific tool that explores key hydrological processes regulating structure and function of ecosystems, as well as assessing the impact of biological processes on water cycle variables under rapidly changing environment. The International Geosphere‐Biosphere Programme and the International Hydrological Programme hosted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization have adopted ecohydrology as a sustainable development tool by linking water resources and poverty eradication and ecosystem restoration, irrigation, energy and sanitation. However, ecohydrology tool needs to be reconfigured for sustainable development of rapidly changing Himalayan waterways. Here we propose the advancement of ecohydrology by developing various integrated frameworks of ecology, hydrology, hydraulics and sociology for resilient waterways in the Asian Himalayas.
The investigation of heat storage efficiency of salt gradient solar pond with and without phase changing materials
Authors: Sogukpinar Haci , Bozkurt Ismail , Genc Zuhal Karagoz , Karakilcik Mehmet 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this work, the effect of with and without phase change materials for long‐term heat storage of a salt gradient solar pond was investigated both experimentally and numerically. Some phase change materials, whose thermal values are close to the operating temperature of the solar pond were selected and examined from fatty acids (camphene, decanoic acid, and palmitic acids) and paraffin derivatives (paraffin wax, C20‐C33, and C16‐C28). A series of experimental studies were then performed with phase change temperature, latent heat and thermal stability, a differential scanning calorimetry, and a thermogravimetric analyzer for sheath, decanoic acid, and palmitic acid. The temperature and enthalpy curve of each phase change material was calculated by months and compared to the solar pond and the longest‐term heat storage was determined. Study shows that the maximum efficiency of the solar pond can be achieved with 24.58% Camphene in November and 22.57% Paraffin C20‐C33 in December. Thus, the camphene shows the best longest‐term heat storage performance thanks to its high melting temperature and density and latent fusion heat. It is one of the best suitable options to improve the heat storage performance of solar ponds.
Pore pressure evolution in bed sediment overridden by debris flow: A general formulation
Authors: Zheng Hongchao , Shi Zhenming , Hanley Kevin J. , Zhou Yuanyuan , Hu Xinli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDebris flows can grow dramatically in volume and mobility as they override bed sediment due to the reduction in bed friction resistance caused by high pore fluid pressure (PP). However, the mechanisms that control PP evolution in overridden bed sediment are still unclear. Here, a new mathematical model clarifies how diverse styles and magnitudes of PP evolution can result from regulation of the flow diffusion and shear contraction of bed sediment. Normalization of the model equations shows that the propensity for PP generation depends on timescales of PP diffusion and deformation of the bed grains. The PP of saturated bed sediment under immobile conditions is equal to the fluid pressure at the bottom of the flow due to a non‐flux basal boundary. However, the PP of unsaturated bed sediment is lower than that of the overlying flow. PP diffusion from a debris flow into an unsaturated bed increases with the bed’s permeability and water content. The shear deformation behavior changes from undrained to drained with increasing permeability or decreasing shear velocity of the saturated bed sediment, leading to a reduced magnitude of pore pressure. By contrast, the shear deformation transitions from drained to undrained behavior with increasing permeability and water content of unsaturated bed sediment. The entrainment rate and erosion pattern of bed sediment are closely related to the PP evolution and liquefaction ratio of the bed sediment due to Coulomb‐friction shear tractions. Our models can be used to interpret the feedback of PP on the flow momentum during debris flow entrainment.
Proline‐rich polypeptides (Colostrinin®/COLOCO®) modulate BDNF concentration in blood affecting cognitive function in adults: A double‐blind randomized placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Banasiak‐Cieślar Hanna , Wiener Dawid , Kuszczyk Magdalena , Dobrzyńska Katarzyna , Polanowski Antoni 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProline‐rich polypeptides (PRPs complex also known as COLOCO®, Colostrinin®) consist of low‐molecular weight peptides ranging up to 10 kDa, isolated from the bovine colostrum obtained up to 48 h postpartum. PRPs have been shown to affect processes involved in inflammation, brain aging, and neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Colostrinin® (COLOCO®) on the cognitive abilities of healthy volunteers in three different age groups using the CANTAB tool in a double‐blind randomized placebo‐controlled study. BDNF serum level was used as a physicochemical marker of improvement of the cognitive skills. Three hundred and sixty‐one healthy volunteers were divided into three study groups aged 18–24, 25–54, and 55–75; each group was then divided into two subgroups which took either placebo or tested lozenge with 120 μg of PRPs for the period of 4 months. The CANTAB battery test was used to measure the efficacy of PRP in the context of cognitive functioning. After the treatment with COLOCO®, we observed differences within MoCA score in the oldest patients, improvement in DMS and drop in PAL scores within the youngest group, drop in RTI and improvement in RVP scores within the middle‐aged group. It was observed that serum BDNF level increased in all study groups which confirms cognitive improvement. In conclusion, we have shown that Colostrinin® exhibits cognitive enhancing effects, probably through the modulation of BDNF concentrations.
Physicochemical and functional properties of the protein–starch interaction in Chinese yam
Authors: Shao Yelin , Jiao Ruize , Wu Yingyin , Xu Fangcheng , Li Yan , Jiang Qiaojun , Zhang Liang , Mao Linchun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProtein–starch interaction has an important impact on the properties of starchy foods rich in protein, but the contribution of the interaction to Chinese yam still remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize the physicochemical and functional properties related to the possible interaction between starch and protein in Chinese yam. Differential scanning calorimetry and rapid viscosity analyzer results revealed that the gelatinization temperature increased in protein and starch cross‐linked powder, while the peak viscosity and the setback viscosity decreased. The swelling power and solubility at 80°C and 95°C decreased with increasing protein ratio in the powder. In vitro starch digestibility test indicated that a high protein ratio could rapidly reduce digestible starch, but increase both slowly digestible starch and resistant starch. Protein could act as the physical barrier toward starch against heating and digestion to exert the influence on starch properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy test revealed the interaction between protein and starch. These results revealed the role of protein–starch interaction and provided beneficial information for the utilization of Chinese yam.
Exploring how family carers of a person with dementia manage pre‐death grief: A mixed methods study
Authors: Moore Kirsten J. , Crawley Sophie , Fisher Emily , Cooper Claudia , Vickerstaff Victoria , Sampson Elizabeth L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesMany family carers of a person with dementia experience pre‐death grief. We aimed to identify strategies that help carers manage pre‐death grief. We hypothesised that emotion and problem focussed styles would be associated with lower, and dysfunctional coping with higher grief intensity.MethodsMixed methods observational study using structured and semi‐structured interviews with 150 family carers of people with dementia living at home or in a care home. Most participants were female (77%), caring for a parent (48%) or partner/spouse (47%) with mild (25%), moderate (43%) or severe (32%) dementia. They completed the Marwit‐Meuser Caregiver Grief Inventory Short Form and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief‐COPE) questionnaire. We asked carers to identify strategies used for managing grief. We recorded field notes for 150 interviews and audio‐recorded additional interviews with a sub‐sample of 16 participants.ResultsCorrelations indicated that emotion‐oriented coping was associated with lower grief (R = −0.341), and dysfunctional coping with higher grief (R = 0.435), with a small association with problem‐focused strategies (R = −0.109), partly supporting our hypothesis. Our qualitative themes broadly match the three Brief‐COPE styles. Unhelpful strategies of denial and avoidance align with dysfunctional coping strategies. Psychological strategies (including acceptance and humour) and seeking support were consistent with emotion‐focused strategies, but we did not identify a theme relating to problem‐focused strategies.ConclusionMost carers identified multiple strategies for processing grief. Carers could readily identify supports and services that they found helpful for managing pre‐death grief, yet current services appear under‐resourced to meet growing demand. (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03332979).