bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAMILY CAREGIVING FOR OLDER ADULTS IN LONG-TERM CARE DURING THE PANDEMIC: STRESS, SOCIAL SUPPORT, AND ADAPTATION
Authors: Park Geunhye , Robinson Erin , Tefera Gashaye Melaku 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older adults residing in long-term care (LTC) are especially vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic. Federal and local health officials have issued strict visitation guidelines, including family caregivers. Given that family caregivers are essential in the well-being for older adults in LTC, these measures have had an enormous impact. As little is known about the experiences of family caregivers, the purpose of this study was to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted family caregivers’ roles, mental health, and adaptation. Semi-structured interviews (N=25) were conducted with family caregivers of older adults in LTC (Mean age= 59.7; 92% female) via phone/Zoom. An interview guide led the question asking process and participants were asked open-ended questions about the impact of COVID-19 related protocols on their caregiving, mental health, and sources of social support. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed in Nvivo, guided by Grounded Theory methods. The majority of participants (76%) identified as a child of their care recipient. Findings highlight that most participants experienced numerous changes to their caregiving tasks, such as assisting with activities of daily living (ADLs), limited monitoring for their loved ones, and a reduction of social support provided to the care recipient. Family caregivers also reported other changes in their roles that resulted in increased stress and mental health concerns. These concerns were discussed in detail, including ways in which family caregivers adapted to their new roles and managed their stress. Findings from this study will inform interventions geared to better support family caregivers, particularly during times of crisis.
DYSPHAGIA FOLLOWING HOSPITALIZATION IN NURSING HOME RESIDENTS WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS
Authors: Rogus-Pulia Nicole , Robison Raele , Patel Sweta , Bunker Jennifer , Rudolph James , Teno Joan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dysphagia frequently occurs in nursing home (NH) residents with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD), often leading to serious health outcomes (e.g., pneumonia, malnutrition, reduced quality of life). While it is known that hospitalized NH residents with ADRD experience high rates of iatrogenic complications, dysphagia following discharge has not been examined. A retrospective cohort of all NH residents in the US (older adults aged ≥66) with advanced ADRD (Cognitive Function Scale ≥2), hospitalized between 2013-2017, and without a feeding tube or reported dysphagia on a Minimum Data Set (MDS) 3.0 assessment within 120 days prior to hospitalization was constructed. Treatment with intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) or non-invasive ventilation (NIV) during hospitalization and dysphagia status on the first post-hospitalization MDS was recorded. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and random effects multivariate logistic models that adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, CFS score, ADL score, and comorbidities. Among the 805,199 residents with ADRD who survived the hospitalization and returned to the NH, new onset dysphagia occurred in 53,807 (6.7%; 95% CI 6.6-6.7) of residents. After adjustment, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) use was associated with increased risk of new onset of dysphagia (AOR 1.5; 95% CI 1.4-1.6) and non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) only slightly increased the risk (AOR 1.3; 95% 1.2-1.3). NH residents with ADRD are at risk for dysphagia following hospitalization. These findings emphasize the importance of swallowing evaluation and dysphagia treatment during hospitalization for ADRD patients, especially those treated with IMV or NIV, to prevent further negative health outcomes.
ONLINE EXERCISE CLASS EXPERIENCE AMONG OLDER ADULTS' MEMBERS OF COMMUNITY CENTERS IN HONG KONG DURING COVID-19
Authors: Lee Janet Lok Chun , Lou Vivian Wei Qun , Kwan Rick 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Due to the social distancing measures, community-centres in Hong Kong has been converting exercise classes to online delivery mode through video-conferencing software since the outbreak of COVID-19. The phenomenon is new, and no research has been done to investigate older adults’ experience on it. This study adopted a descriptive qualitative methodologically orientation to understand the phenomenon. Twenty-three older adults (aged 55-89 years), with experience of participating online exercise class since COVID-19 participated in the study. Six major themes regarding their experiences emerged. Regarding positive experiences, older adults experienced convenience, increased exercise regularity, technical transformation and motivation in this new form of home-based exercise. At the same time, they experienced specific technical barriers and compensated supervision quality from the instructor. The findings of the study gave important future research direction and implications to the development of smart aging in community centres in Hong Kong.
UNDEREXPLORED SOLUTIONS IN DETROIT'S NEIGHBORHOODS: THE IMPORTANCE OF LEGACY TO ADDRESS ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
Authors: Perry Tam , Villeneuve Evan , Butler Brenda , Hazimeh Fatima , Asana Ventra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Neighborhood infrastructure challenges and changes are possibly understood and experienced in unique ways across the lifespan. This study presents findings on neighborhood conditions and underexplored solutions from the perspective of older adults in Detroit, Michigan. This project obtained multiple perspectives on these issues from older Detroiters through interviews (n-19) and professionals working on climate concerns in the region (n=5). The research was designed using community-based research approaches including having older adults as members of the research team from instrument design to dissemination. One emergent theme, the importance of legacy as motivation in addressing environmental concerns, will be highlighted. This presentation will conclude with a discussion of next steps for this work.
MAPPING SIDEWALK FALL RISKS USING BIG DATA AND MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Miranda Fabio , Hosseini Maryam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Outdoor falls are a leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries in the US. These falls are more likely to occur due to environmental hazards, inclement weather, unsafe construction zones, or poor sidewalk condition. Fall prevention programs targeted at older adults must therefore be informed by the interplay between weather condition, urban development, and built environment. Current practices, however, are limited by the lack of comprehensive data describing the condition of pedestrian facilities at fine, human scale, limiting the effectiveness of these programs. To address these shortcomings, we propose a multi-pronged approach leveraging urban data and machine learning techniques to create city-scale inventories describing sidewalk features that can inform safe strategies and programs for community mobility. We will cover the creation of multiple data sets, including computing shadow / shade from building geometries, detection of sidewalk surface material from street-level images, and creation of sidewalk networks from satellite images.
PRESIDENTIAL SYMPOSIUM: THE INTERSECTION OF AGE AND RACE: IMPACT ON REIMAGINING AGING
Authors: Jarrott Shannon , Lincoln Karen , Levy Becca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this BSS Presidential Symposium, we address the conference theme of “Embracing our diversity; enriching our discipline; reimagining aging” by attending to the intersection of age and race. In our panel, speakers will address the intersection of age and race as it relates to experience of ageism and its effects on individuals’ opportunities to live meaningful lives. Researchers who apply an intersectional lens to their study of aging, ageism, and productive aging among diverse populations will share relevant theoretical concepts, methodological approaches, and associated findings. Links between racism, ageism, and health hold practice implications across health care, work, leisure, and other community settings. Researchers link life course influences, including discrimination, and cognitive health (Muñoz) and productive aging (Gonzales); Robinson-Lane presents a health care model of Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services Standards designed to reduce racism and improve care; and, Muramatsu offers practice and policy recommendations to reduce structural racism experienced by older persons and those paid to care for them. Presenters will address the following as we discuss how to reimagine aging from an anti-ageist, anti-racist perspective: 1. Evidence of the intersection of age and race in the experience of ageism. 2. Research models that attend to the intersection of age and race.3. Efforts to reduce ageism as it intersects with race in order to reimagine aging through practice and policy.
NO SILVER BULLET: ADDRESSING COGNITIVE HEALTH IN RACIALLY AND ETHNICALLY DIVERSE OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Muñoz Elizabeth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The growing racial and ethnic diversity of the older adult population, along with continued inequities in brain health outcomes highlight the need to examine risk-factors for reduced cognitive health in racial-ethnic minoritized adults. Stress is an important risk factor for reduced cognitive health, but the conditions under which stress operates among minoritized older adults is poorly understood. This presentation will discuss how studying sources of stress across multiple levels of analyses, including neighborhoods and interpersonal interactions, and the timing and duration of these experiences is needed. Further, addressing within group heterogeneity and shifting from between group comparison will enrich our understanding of risk-factors. Theoretical and empirical support for these propositions will be discussed, particularly as they relate to how neighborhood contexts and experiences with discrimination are associated with reduced cognitive health across multiple timescales.
REIMAGINING THE FUTURE OF ASSISTED LIVING TO PROMOTE QUALITY
Authors: Zimmerman Sheryl 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Assisted living (AL) has existed in the U.S. for decades, evolving in response to older adults’ need for supportive care and distaste for nursing homes and older models of congregate care. Today, AL is the largest provider of residential long-term care in the country, with more than 996,000 AL beds in almost 29,000 AL communities. Unfortunately, that growth has spawned notable concern, with a recent report concluding that the initial key constructs of AL have become mired under key tensions such that “the current model of AL has been taken as far as it can go.” This symposium includes five presentations that respond to some of those tensions. The first two presentations respond to the increased acuity of AL residents: one addresses challenges and recommendations for residents’ palliative care needs based on numerous studies, and the other provides expert consensus panel recommendations for pragmatic medical and mental health care provision in AL. The next two presentations respond to concerns related to quality in AL, one focusing on frameworks, measures, and implementation of quality metrics, the other envisioning use of administrative data to study and promote quality. The final presentation speaks to the complexity of regulation, and how related research can be improved to better examine consequential differences between models of AL care. The discussant, a nationally recognized and highly regarded leader from the American Health Care Association/National Center for AL, will discuss how the presentations can be used to reimagine the future of AL to promote quality.
QUALITY METRICS IN ALFS: FRAMEWORK, MEASURES, AND IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Shippee Tetyana , Bucy Taylor , Akosionu Odichinma , Skarphol Tricia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Concerns have surfaced regarding the quality of assisted living (AL) with calls for quality metrics reporting as essential for consumer choice and organizational accountability. This study presents a framework for quality metrics in ALs using a) results from literature review and environmental scan of existing domains and indicators used to assess quality in AL and 2) a survey of results from MN stakeholders (n=822) on their priorities regarding these quality measures. Our findings showed that consumer-reported measures (resident quality of life and family satisfaction) were rated as top priority, followed by staff-based measures (e.g., job satisfaction, turnover). Other domains included residents’ safety, resident health outcomes, care services and integration, and the environment of the ALs. These results have implications for states looking to develop and implement quality measures in ALs, especially in the context of rising AL resident acuity and the continued trend away from institutional models of long-term care.
THE FACES OF ELDER ABUSE: A CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Teaster Pamela B Teaster , Anetzberger Georgia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This presentation gives a real world and compelling picture of the abuse of older adults, with authors representing three different World Health Regions (i.e., Regional Office for Africa, Regional Office for Southeast Asia, and the Regional Office for the Western Pacific) each locating the problem within an area’s historic and present societal treatment of older persons. An actual and emblematic case study of the abuse of an older adult will frame each presentation. Presenters will synthesize empirical data and research on the problem, explaining its usefulness and limitations as well as guiding frameworks utilized to address the problem, highlighting efforts of leading figures in each area or region who are addressing the problem and explaining existing policies and future initiatives to address the abuse of older adults. Dr. Eniola Cadmus will present perspectives on elder abuse in Nigeria. Drs. Noriko Tskudada and Asako Katsumata and will present perspectives from Japan. Drs. Farida Ejaz and Mala Shankardass will present perspectives from India. Dr. Georgia Anezberger will tie together the differences and commonalities within each region drawing upon a holistic and person-centered picture of the issue and problem of elder abuse.
MULTIMORBIDITY IN LATE LIFE: APPRAISAL, COPING, AND ANTICIPATING CARE NEEDS
Authors: Latimer Abigail , Wu Jia-Rong , McGuire Patricia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older adults diagnosed with multiple chronic and serious illnesses are confronted with complex, at times unpredictable, and burdensome medical realities. We present a case study of a 76-year-old woman with heart failure, kidney disease, and arthritis early in her illness course. We use the Theory of Stress and Coping to guide our discussion of her coping appraisals and strategies that promote her psychological and emotional well-being. Although she dismissed her heart failure symptoms as “old age,” she identified pain and disability associated with her arthritis as more of an immediate and serious threat to her autonomy, control, and personal goals. As she is functioning independently and still working, we share her perspective on anticipated caregiving needs and expectations for the last decades of her life. Insights from this case study can inform future research directions and have implications for education and practice.
CROSSTALK BETWEEN UBIQUITINATION AND ADP-RIBOSYLATION IN THE MAINTENANCE OF MITOCHONDRIAL HOMEOSTASIS
Authors: Perissi Valentina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Oxidative stress and increased ROS production, as observed in aging and obesity, commonly lead to the accumulation of mitochondrial dysfunctions. This is met by the activation of a robust mitochondria-to-nucleus stress response promoting the rewiring of nuclear gene expression to limit cellular and tissue damage and promote organelle adaptation. Here we will review previous work uncovering the transcriptional cofactor G-Protein Pathway Suppressor 2 (GPS2) as a mediator of mitochondria retrograde signaling and a key nuclear regulator of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes, including mitochondrial chaperones/proteases, mitokines, and other protective enzymes such as the ADP-ribosyltransferase NEURL4. We will also discuss unpublished work showing that shuttling of GPS2 between organelles plays a role in coordinating the transcriptional and translational regulation of antioxidant factors and pro-apoptotic genes by promoting the ubiquitination of mitochondria-associated translation factors.
CHALLENGES AND SUPPORTS FOR VETERAN CAREGIVERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A MIXED-METHODS STUDY
Authors: Penney Lauren , Noel Polly , Hernandez-Swift Karla , Leykum Luci , Trivedi Ranak , Dang Stuti , Kalvesmaki Andrea , Butler Jorie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Informal caregivers face challenges in supporting older or medically-complex Veterans, which could be exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our mixed methods observational study explored Veteran caregivers’ supports, challenges, and self-identified impacts during the pandemic. Caregivers whose veterans needed help with at least one activity of daily living for the last year and received care at one of five Veterans Health Administration (VA) study sites were eligible. Survey participants (n=46) were 96% female, 32-83 years old (median 59); most (83%) cared for a spouse. A majority (67%, n=31) reported increased stress since the start of the pandemic. Top sources of increased stress included worry about COVID-19 infection, increased caregiving responsibility, delayed access to care, concerns about vaccine safety, and employment or financial concerns. Caregiver interviews (n=26) qualitatively analyzed using a rapid, templated approach identified the following themes: (1) the benefits and challenges of VA COVID precautions to Veteran care access (e.g. telehealth, getting care for new problems), (2) supports afforded by and limits of the expansion of the VA Caregiver Support Program, (3) declines in Veteran physical and cognitive functioning, (4) increased caregiver role in Veterans’ support and care, (5) changes in work and living situations to address increased caregiving needs and/or reduce risk of exposure, and (6) loss of and then return to more usual routines and social outlets amid ongoing COVID-related uncertainties. Recommendations include targeted, personalized outreach to engage caregivers in existing supports, removing barriers and streamlining processes for obtaining services, and creating durable caregiver-to-caregiver, peer support opportunities.
EMPLOYING DESIGN THINKING METHODS TO CREATE BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS THAT SUPPORT AFRICAN AMERICAN CAREGIVERS
Authors: Aflatoony Leila , Hepburn Kenneth , Perkins Molly , Waldrop Drenna , Alexander Karah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Design Thinking provides an empathy-based creative problem-solving approach to intervention and/or patient-centered care design that seeks to articulate the right problem space and propose appropriate solutions to challenges encountered by individuals in specific contexts, such as healthcare. This abstract illustrates the application of the Design Thinking approach in the context of dementia caregiving. Emory’s Roybal Center for Caregiving Mastery conducted a three-part design studio workshop with African American dementia family caregivers to understand and identify prioritized solutions to their caregiving challenges. The workshops followed the Double-Diamond design process model that is divided into four phases (Discover, Define, Develop, and Deliver) and that emphasizes divergent and convergent modes of thinking. The process first encourages divergent thinking to explore a problem space and then employs convergent thinking to identify the salient problem and develop the right solution. The workshop’s Discover stage provided a broad and deep contextual understanding of the range of unmet needs African American caregivers experience in their interactions with healthcare personnel and systems. The Define phase enabled the convergent review and prioritization of the list of needs to be addressed. The Develop phase generated 17 intervention ideas. Finally, the Deliver phase focused on converging and validating the proposed interventions. The workshops concluded that having access to caregiver-focused resources supporting mental/physical self-care, such as support groups and peer programs, can be beneficial interventions to potentially improve knowledge, awareness, and caregiving mastery among African Americans American caregivers.
HEARING LOSS, HEARING AID USE, AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS IN DEMENTIA: FINDINGS FROM NACC
Authors: Nieman Carrie , Morales Emmanuel Garcia , Leoutsakos Jeannie-Marie , Lyketsos Constantine , Oh Esther 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hearing loss is highly prevalent among persons living with dementia (PWD) and associated with an increased risk of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), while hearing aid use may be protective. We analyzed data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center’s (NACC) uniform data set. We estimated the association between hearing loss and number or severity of NPS in a negative binomial regression adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. In the subsample with hearing loss, we estimated the association between hearing aid use and number or severity of NPS.10,054 participants were included with a mean age of 75 years. 2,416 (24%) self-reported hearing loss with 71% reporting 2+ NPS. In PWD and hearing loss, 1,325 (54.8%) reported hearing aid use. After a well-balanced matching, in adjusted models, hearing aid use was associated with fewer (IRR=0.82; 95%CI=0.77,0.87) and less severe NPS (IRR=0.74; 95%CI=0.69,0.80). Hearing aid use may represent an underutilized, non-pharmacological intervention to address NPS.
MIDLIFE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEARING IMPAIRMENT IN LATE LIFE: ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY
Authors: Martinez-Amezcua Pablo , Dooley Erin , Morales Emmanuel Garcia , Reed Nicholas , Lin Frank , Schrack Jennifer , Deal Jennifer , Palta Priya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with worse hearing, but the role of mid-life physical activity (PA) on hearing loss at older ages is yet to be investigated.

Methods
Among 3,198 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, we investigated the association between self-reported mid-life PA (meets PA recommendations [≥150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA/week] vs. not) and hearing loss (audiometric battery [pure-tone and speech-in-noise]) at older ages. We estimated differences in hearing between those who met and did not meet PA recommendations at mid-life and at late life adjusting for demographics, medical conditions, and noise exposure.

Results
43.3% participants met PA recommendations at mid-life. These participants, compared to those who did not meet recommendations, had lower better hearing by 1.51 (0.46, 2.55) decibels, and 0.37 (0.01, 0.74) more words identified in the speech-in-noise test.

Conclusions
Meeting PA recommendations in mid-life was associated with better hearing at older ages.