bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slow changes in lava chemistry at Kama‘ehuakanaloa linked to sluggish mantle upwelling on the margin of the Hawaiian plume
Authors: Pietruszka Aaron J. , Garcia Michael O. , Carlson Richard W. , Hauri Erik H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Temporal variations in lava chemistry at active submarine volcanoes are difficult to decipher due to the challenges of dating their eruptions. Here, we use high-precision measurements of 226Ra-230Th disequilibria in basalts from Kama‘ehuakanaloa (formerly Lō‘ihi) to estimate model ages for recent eruptions of this submarine Hawaiian pre-shield volcano. The ages range from ca. 0 to 2300 yr (excluding two much older samples) with at least five eruptions in the past ∼150 yr. Two snapshots of the magmatic evolution of Kama‘ehuakanaloa (or “Kama‘ehu”) are revealed. First, a long-term transition from alkalic to tholeiitic volcanism was nearly complete by ca. 2 ka. Second, a systematic short-term fluctuation in ratios of incompatible elements (e.g., Th/Yb) for summit lavas occurred on a time scale of ∼1200 yr. This is much longer than the ∼200-yr-long historical cycle in lava chemistry at the neighboring subaerial volcano, Kīlauea. The slower pace of the variation in lava chemistry at Kama‘ehu is most likely controlled by sluggish mantle upwelling on the margin of the Hawaiian plume.
Supplemental Material: Revealing the link between A-type granites and hottest melts from residual metasedimentary crust
Authors: Carvalho Bruna B. , al. et 
Published: May 2023

<p>Supplemental material contains further information on the geological background, petrography, and methods used in this work. Supplementary tables S1–S4 contain major element composition of garnet and sapphirine, and major element and trace element analyses of melt inclusions and Zr contents of rutile, respectively. </p>
Short-term outcomes of South African children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lishman Juanita , Abraham Deepthi Raju , Fourie Barend , Yunis Nurea Abdulbari , Redfern Andrew , van der Zalm Marieke M , Rabie Helena 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundDespite the life-threatening presentation of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), the overall prognosis is favourable in centres with access to appropriate supportive care. In this study, we investigate the short-term outcomes in children with MIS-C in Cape Town, South Africa.MethodsThis prospective observational cohort study included children <13 years who fulfilled the WHO case definition of MIS-C and were admitted to Tygerberg Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa between 1 June 2020 and 31 October 2021. Clinical features were recorded at baseline and at follow-up at the 6-week cardiology and 3-month rheumatology-immunology clinics, respectively.FindingsFifty-three children with a median age of 7.4 years (IQR 4.2–9.9) were included. There was a slight male predominance (30/53; 56.6%) and the majority was of mixed ancestry (28/53; 52.83%) or black African ancestry (24/53; 45.3%). Fourteen children (14/53; 26.4%) had comorbid disease. The median length of hospital stay was 8 days (IQR 6–10). All children had an echocardiogram performed at baseline of which 39 were abnormal (39/53; 73.6%). All children were discharged alive. The median days from discharge to cardiology follow-up was 39 days (IQR 33.5–41.5) and for rheumatology-immunology clinic was 70.5 days (IQR 59.5–85.0). Eleven children (11/41; 26.8%) had a persistently abnormal echocardiogram at cardiology follow-up. Systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction resolved in most.InterpretationAlthough the short-term outcomes of MIS-C in our cohort were generally good, the cardiac morbidity needs further characterisation and follow-up.
First-in-human phase Ib trial of M9241 (NHS-IL12) plus avelumab in patients with advanced solid tumors, including dose expansion in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Strauss Julius , Deville Jean-Laurent , Sznol Mario , Ravaud Alain , Maruzzo Marco , Pachynski Russell K , Gourdin Theodore S , Maio Michele , Dirix Luc , Schlom Jeffrey , Donahue Renee N , Tsai Yo-Ting , Wang XiaoZhe , Vugmeyster Yulia , Beier Frank , Seebeck Joerg , Schroeder Andreas , Chennoufi Sarah , Gulley James L 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundIn preclinical studies, combining M9241 (a novel immunocytokine containing interleukin (IL)-12 heterodimers) with avelumab (anti-programmed death ligand 1 antibody) resulted in additive or synergistic antitumor effects. We report dose-escalation and dose-expansion results from the phase Ib JAVELIN IL-12 trial investigating M9241 plus avelumab.MethodsIn the dose-escalation part of JAVELIN IL-12 (NCT02994953), eligible patients had locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors; in the dose-expansion part, eligible patients had locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) that had progressed with first-line therapy. Patients received M9241 at 4, 8, 12, or 16.8 µg/kg every 4 weeks (Q4W) plus avelumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W, dose levels (DLs) 1–4) or M9241 16.8 µg/kg Q4W plus avelumab 800 mg once a week for 12 weeks followed by Q2W (DL5/dose expansion). Primary endpoints for the dose-escalation part were adverse events (AEs) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), and those for the dose-expansion part were confirmed best overall response (BOR) per investigator (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors V.1.1) and safety. The dose-expansion part followed a two-stage design; 16 patients were enrolled and treated in stage 1 (single-arm part). A futility analysis based on BOR was planned to determine whether stage 2 (randomized controlled part) would be initiated.ResultsAt data cut-off, 36 patients had received M9241 plus avelumab in the dose-escalation part. All DLs were well tolerated; one DLT occurred at DL3 (grade 3 autoimmune hepatitis). The maximum-tolerated dose was not reached, and DL5 was declared the recommended phase II dose, considering an observed drug–drug interaction at DL4. Two patients with advanced bladder cancer (DL2 and DL4) had prolonged complete responses. In the dose-expansion part, no objective responses were recorded in the 16 patients with advanced UC; the study failed to meet the criterion (≥3 confirmed objective responses) to initiate stage 2. Any-grade treatment-related AEs occurred in 15 patients (93.8%), including grade ≥3 in 8 (50.0%); no treatment-related deaths occurred. Exposures for avelumab and M9241 concentrations were within expected ranges.ConclusionsM9241 plus avelumab was well tolerated at all DLs, including the dose-expansion part, with no new safety signals. However, the dose-expansion part did not meet the predefined efficacy criterion to proceed to stage 2.
Effects of weight loss and weight loss maintenance on cardiac autonomic function in obesity: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: McGee Joshua E. , Early Kate S. , Huff Anna C. , Clunan Marie C. , Hursey Nicole R. , Osborne Briceida , Bucher Colleen , Tanner Charles , Brewer Savanna B. , Brophy Patricia M. , Clark Angela , Pories Walter J. , Matarese Laura E. , Houmard Joseph A. , Collier David , May Linda E. , McClung Joseph M. , Earnest Conrad P. , Swift Damon L. 
Published: May 2023

To investigate relationships between weight loss and weight loss maintenance with cardiac autonomic function and exercise in obesity, 39 adults (45.7 ± 10.7 years; BMI: 34.2 ± 3.4 kg·m−2) participated in a 10-week, medical weight loss program combined with aerobic exercise. A subset ( n = 18) participated in an aerobic exercise weight loss maintenance program (550 or 970 MET min·week−1) for 18 additional weeks. Primary outcomes included markers of cardiac autonomic function assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) (i.e., SDNN, RMSSD, HFln). Following weight loss, we observed significant improvements for SDNN (48.2 [41.4–55.1] vs. 55.1 [45.7–64.4] ms, p = 0.03), RMSSD (37.7 [29.1–46.4] vs. 47.9 [37.4–58.4] ms, p = 0.002), and HFln (5.88 [5.39–6.36] vs. 6.32 [5.86–6.78] ms, p = 0.001). Regression analyses showed fasting insulin concentration predicted 24% and 27% of the variance in RMSSD ( r2 = 0.236, p = 0.007) and HFln ( r2 = 0.274, p = 0.004), respectively. Following weight loss maintenance, no significant changes in HRV were observed. Changes in LDL ( r=–0.54, p = 0.04) and non-HDL ( r=–0.77, p = 0.001) were inversely associated with RMSSD changes. Clinically significant weight loss via caloric restriction and aerobic exercise improved HRV markers of cardiac vagal modulation. Following weight loss maintenance, we did not observe any further changes in HRV. Thus, our data suggest that commonly prescribed exercise volumes contribute to maintenance of parasympathetic modulation following medical weight loss programming and exercise. Novelty Caloric restriction and exercise exert significant improvements in cardiac autonomic function as measured by HRV in overweight and obesity. Aerobic exercise training, within recommended guidelines coupled with weight loss maintenance, retains cardiac autonomic function benefits from weight loss in previously obese individuals.
Consistency of phenolic profiles with taxonomic distribution and adaptation of birch species (Betula L.) to environmental conditions
Authors: Likhanov Artur F. , Vasylyshyn Roman D. , Marchuk Yurii M. , Kurdyuk Oleksandr M. , Honchar Hanna Yu. , Borysov Oleksandr V. , Bilous Svitlana Yu. , Yakubenko Borys Ye. , Naggar Yahya Al 
Published: May 2023

The phenolic compounds in the leaves of 12 species of birch trees of the subgenera Neurobetula, Betulenta, and Betula were biochemically profiled using HPTLC. The duration of the vegetation period was found to be significantly related to the content of total phenols ( r = 0.74) and flavonoids in leaves ( r = 0.65). The correlations for Neurobetula plants were 0.86 and 0.91, respectively. The relationship between the duration of the growing season and the concentration of phenolic compounds in Betula plants was inverse ( r = −0.84). A cluster analysis of phytochemical profiles revealed that the studied birch species form groups that coincide with the subgenera proposed by De Jong due to an affinity with the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds. A multiple correlation analysis confirmed the relationship between the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds and the morphological characteristics of the leaves. The results of phytochemical profiling revealed that the qualitative composition of polyphenols in the leaves of 12 birch species is quite specific, allowing the use of individual compounds as additional differential biochemical characters in identifying species and hybrids and studying their potential role in plant adaptation to habitat conditions.
Multiplicative Generalized Reverse

∗

CE-Derivations Acting on Rings with Involution
Authors: Khaled A. M. , Ghareeb A. , El-Sayiad M. S. Tammam 
Published: May 2023

Let

S

be a ring with involution having a nontrivial symmetric idempotent element

e

. If

Ω

is any appropriate multiplicative generalized reverse

∗

CE-derivation of

S

with involution

∗

, then under some suitable restrictions on

S

,

Ω

is centrally-extended additive.
Facts and Hopes: Immunocytokines for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Pabani Aliyah , Gainor Justin F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The clinical development of cytokines as cancer therapeutics has been limited due to significant toxicities generally observed with systemic administration. This narrow therapeutic window, together with relatively modest efficacy, has made natural cytokines unattractive drug candidates. Immunocytokines represent a class of next-generation cytokines designed to overcome the challenges associated with traditional cytokines. These agents seek to improve the therapeutic index of cytokines by using antibodies as vehicles for the targeted delivery of immunomodulatory agents within the local tumor microenvironment (TME). Various molecular formats and cytokine payloads have been studied. In this review, we provide an overview of the rationale, preclinical support, and current clinical development strategies for immunocytokines.
Transglutaminase 2 Binds to the CD44v6 Cytoplasmic Domain to Stimulate CD44v6/ERK1/2 Signaling and Maintain an Aggressive Cancer Phenotype
Authors: Chen Xi , Adhikary Gautam , Newland John J. , Xu Wen , Keillor Jeffrey W. , Weber David J. , Eckert Richard L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a key cancer cell survival protein in many cancer types. As such, efforts are underway to characterize the mechanism of TG2 action. In this study, we report that TG2 stimulates CD44v6 activity to enhance cancer cell survival via a mechanism that involves formation of a TG2/CD44v6/ERK1/2 complex that activates ERK1/2 signaling to drive an aggressive cancer phenotype. TG2 and ERK1/2 bind to the CD44v6 C-terminal intracellular cytoplasmic domain to activate ERK1/2 and stimulate cell proliferation and invasion. This is the same region that binds to ERM proteins and ankyrin to activate CD44v6-dependent cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. We further show that treatment with hyaluronan (HA), the physiologic CD44v6 ligand, stimulates CD44v6 activity, as measured by ERK1/2 activation, but that this response is severely attenuated in TG2 or CD44v6 knockdown or knockout cells. Moreover, treatment with TG2 inhibitor reduces tumor growth and that is associated with reduced CD44v6 level and ERK1/2 activity, and reduced stemness and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). These changes are replicated in CD44v6 knockout cells. These findings suggest that a unique TG2/CD44v6/ERK1/2 complex leads to increased ERK1/2 activity to stimulate an aggressive cancer phenotype and stimulate tumor growth. These findings have important implications for cancer stem cell maintenance and suggest that cotargeting of TG2 and CD44v6 with specific inhibitors may be an effective anticancer treatment strategy.

Implications:
TG2 and CD44v6 are important procancer proteins. TG2 and ERK1/2 bind to the CD44v6 C-terminal domain to form a TG2/CD44v6/ERK1/2 complex that activates ERK1/2 to stimulate the cancer phenotype.
Distinct Roles of DRP1 in Conventional and Alternative Mitophagy in Obesity Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tong Mingming , Mukai Risa , Mareedu Satvik , Zhai Peiyong , Oka Shin-ichi , Huang Chun-Yang , Hsu Chiao-Po , Yousufzai Fawad A.K. , Fritzky Luke , Mizushima Wataru , Babu Gopal J. , Sadoshima Junichi 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Obesity induces cardiomyopathy characterized by hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Whereas mitophagy mediated through an Atg7 (autophagy related 7)-dependent mechanism serves as an essential mechanism to maintain mitochondrial quality during the initial development of obesity cardiomyopathy, Rab9 (Ras-related protein Rab-9A)-dependent alternative mitophagy takes over the role during the chronic phase. Although it has been postulated that DRP1 (dynamin-related protein 1)-mediated mitochondrial fission and consequent separation of the damaged portions of mitochondria are essential for mitophagy, the involvement of DRP1 in mitophagy remains controversial. We investigated whether endogenous DRP1 is essential in mediating the 2 forms of mitophagy during high-fat diet (HFD)–induced obesity cardiomyopathy and, if so, what the underlying mechanisms are.

Methods:
Mice were fed either a normal diet or an HFD (60 kcal %fat). Mitophagy was evaluated using cardiac-specific Mito-Keima mice. The role of DRP1 was evaluated using tamoxifen-inducible cardiac-specific Drp1knockout (Drp1 MCM) mice.

Results:

Mitophagy was increased after 3 weeks of HFD consumption. The induction of mitophagy by HFD consumption was completely abolished in
Drp1
MCM mouse hearts, in which both diastolic and systolic dysfunction were exacerbated. The increase in LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3)-dependent general autophagy and colocalization between LC3 and mitochondrial proteins was abolished in
Drp1
MCM mice. Activation of alternative mitophagy was also completely abolished in
Drp1
MCM mice during the chronic phase of HFD consumption. DRP1 was phosphorylated at Ser616, localized at the mitochondria-associated membranes, and associated with Rab9 and Fis1 (fission protein 1) only during the chronic, but not acute, phase of HFD consumption.

Conclusions:
DRP1 is an essential factor in mitochondrial quality control during obesity cardiomyopathy that controls multiple forms of mitophagy. Although DRP1 regulates conventional mitophagy through a mitochondria-associated membrane–independent mechanism during the acute phase, it acts as a component of the mitophagy machinery at the mitochondria-associated membranes in alternative mitophagy during the chronic phase of HFD consumption.
Poststroke Lung Infection by Opportunistic Commensal Bacteria Is Not Mediated by Their Expansion in the Gut Microbiota
Authors: Díaz-Marugan Laura , Gallizioli Mattia , Márquez-Kisinousky Leonardo , Arboleya Silvia , Mastrangelo Annalaura , Ruiz-Jaén Francisca , Pedragosa Jordi , Casals Climent , Morales Francisco Javier , Ramos-Romero Sara , Traserra Sara , Justicia Carles , Gueimonde Miguel , Jiménez Marcel , Torres Josep Lluís , Urra Xabier , Chamorro Ángel , Sancho David , de los Reyes-Gavilán Clara G. , Miró-Mur Francesc , Planas Anna M. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
Respiratory and urinary tract infections are frequent complications in patients with severe stroke. Stroke-associated infection is mainly due to opportunistic commensal bacteria of the microbiota that may translocate from the gut. We investigated the mechanisms underlying gut dysbiosis and poststroke infection.

METHODS:
Using a model of transient cerebral ischemia in mice, we explored the relationship between immunometabolic dysregulation, gut barrier dysfunction, gut microbial alterations, and bacterial colonization of organs, and we explored the effect of several drug treatments.

RESULTS:
Stroke-induced lymphocytopenia and widespread colonization of lung and other organs by opportunistic commensal bacteria. This effect correlated with reduced gut epithelial barrier resistance, and a proinflammatory sway in the gut illustrated by complement and nuclear factor-κB activation, reduced number of gut regulatory T cells, and a shift of gut lymphocytes to γδT cells and T helper 1/T helper 17 phenotypes. Stroke increased conjugated bile acids in the liver but decreased bile acids and short-chain fatty acids in the gut. Gut fermenting anaerobic bacteria decreased while opportunistic facultative anaerobes, notably Enterobacteriaceae, suffered an expansion. Anti-inflammatory treatment with a nuclear factor-κB inhibitor fully abrogated the Enterobacteriaceae overgrowth in the gut microbiota induced by stroke, whereas inhibitors of the neural or humoral arms of the stress response were ineffective at the doses used in this study. Conversely, the anti-inflammatory treatment did not prevent poststroke lung colonization by Enterobacteriaceae.

CONCLUSIONS:
Stroke perturbs homeostatic neuro-immuno-metabolic networks facilitating a bloom of opportunistic commensals in the gut microbiota. However, this bacterial expansion in the gut does not mediate poststroke infection.
Hyper-Intertextuality: The Temple Cleansing-Rebuilding Tradition as a Compositional Framework in John’s Gospel
Authors: Lam Tat Yu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The term ‘intertextuality’ has been in use in biblical studies for over three decades. However, the study of the relationship of biblical elements (e.g. theme and pattern) in the ot and how it functions as a compositional framework in the nt seems to have gained less attention. This paper, thus, aims to investigate whether the temple cleansing-rebuilding tradition in the ot underlies John’s Gospel as a compositional framework by: (1) introducing the term ‘hyper-intertextuality’; (2) discussing the distinctive pericope of Jesus’ temple cleansing in John’s Gospel; and (3) formulating a comparative method adapted from Halliday’s sociolinguistic theory of context of situation as a heuristic tool.
Silencing Leah: The Construction of Idealised Femininity in The Book of Jubilees
Authors: Syfox Chontel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the depiction of the matriarch Leah in the Book of Jubilees. It argues that, through a careful rewriting of the Leah tradition found in the Book of Genesis, the author of Jubilees transforms Leah into the model wife, and in doing so provides a discursive reconfiguration of notions about idealised femininity. The silencing of Leah’s voice is central to the transformative rewriting through which the matriarch becomes the perfect wife and the embodiment of idealised femininity in Jubilees.
Paraxonchium carmenae Peña-Santiago & Jiménez-Millán, 1986 revisited four decades later, with new insights into the phylogeny of the genus Paraxonchium Krall, 1958 (Dorylaimida)
Authors: Peña-Santiago Reyes , García-Ruiz Miriam , Liébanas Gracia , Abolafia Joaquín 
Published: May 2023

Summary
A revised characterisation of the dorylaimid nematode Paraxonchium carmenae is provided, including an updated description, SEM observations and molecular (18S-, 28S-rDNA) analyses. A total of 29 females and 16 males, collected from several mountain natural locations in eastern Andalusia, Spain, are studied. This species is very homogeneous morphologically, but displays wide variations in their morphometrics, although with high coincidence or overlapping when the ranges of different populations are compared. The morphology of the genus Paraxonchium is analysed and discussed, with emphasis on its remarkable interspecific variations. Results of molecular studies show a close relationship of P. carmenae with P. laetificans, the type species of the genus, and tentatively support its monophyly. Nevertheless, neither morphological nor molecular data clear up the uncertainties about its position in the Dorylaimina system.
Monstrous Beauty: Unruly Bodies and Diasporic Plasticity in kate-hers rhee’s The Multiverse Portraits
Authors: Chun Claire 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper offers a close reading of interdisciplinary visual artist kate-hers rhee’s The Multiverse Portraits (2015–2016), a multimedia installation that incorporates photography and drawing in its speculative representation of rhee’s body across imagined parallel universes. I analyze the ways in which rhee appropriates ethnographic tropes and methods as an embodied mode of diasporic critique. By tracing the spectre and spectacle of artificiality and monstrosity that haunt the plastic Korean woman and the “inauthentic,” transracially adopted Korean in The Multiverse Portraits, this paper considers the possibility for diasporic visual art to restage notions of beauty and belonging in terms of illegibility, unruliness, and refusal. This paper animates an alternative genealogy of beauty that demonstrates how the enduring afterlives of the Cold War and US militarism produce monstrous bodies and histories that ultimately transgress the very promise and fantasy of assimilatory inclusion and transnational kinship.