bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors associated with higher mortality in patients with cardiac implantable electronic device infection
Authors: Kalot Mohamad A. , Bahuva Ronak , Pandey Rohan , Farooq Waseem , Mir Ali , Khan Aalia , Kerling David , Aftab Hamza , Kovacs Alexander , Gupta Shilpi , Smith Morgan , Tian Lili , Amuthan Ram , Sharma Umesh C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionCardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIEDs) are widely used for the management of advanced heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias. CIED‐Infection (CIED‐I) has very high mortality, especially in the subsets of patients with limited health‐care access and delayed presentation. The purpose of this study is to identify the risk‐predictors mortality in subjects with CIED‐I.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of a regional database in patients presenting with CIED infections to tertiary care medical centers across Western New York, USA from 2012 to 2020. The clinical outcomes included recurrent device infection (any admission for CIED‐I after the first hospitalization for device infection), septic complications (pulmonary embolism, respiratory failure, septic shock, decompensated HF, acute kidney injury) and mortality outcomes (death during hospitalization, within 30 days from CIED‐I, and within 1 year from CIED‐I). We studied associations between categorical variables and hard outcomes using χ2 tests and used one‐way analysis of variance to measure between‐groups differences.ResultsWe identified 296 patients with CIED‐I, among which 218 (74%) were male, 237 (80%) were white and the mean age at the time of infection was 69.2 ± 13.7 years. One‐third of the patients were referred from the regional facilities. Staphylococcus aureus was responsible for most infections, followed by Enterococcus fecalis. On multivariate analysis, the covariates associated with significantly increased mortality risk included referral from regional facility (OR: 2.0;1.0–4.0), hypertension (Odds ratio, OR: 3.2;1.3–8.8), right ventricular dysfunction (OR: 2.6;1.2–5.1), end‐stage renal disease (OR: 2.6;1.1–6.2), immunosuppression (OR: 11.4;2.5–53.3), and septic shock as a complication of CIED‐I (OR: 3.9;1.3–10.8).ConclusionHypertension, right ventricular dysfunction, immunosuppression, and end‐stage renal disease are associated with higher mortality after CIED‐I. Disproportionately higher mortality was also noted in subjects referred from the regional facilities. This underscores the importance of early clinical risk‐assessment, and the need for a robust referral infrastructure to improve patient outcomes.
A Single‐lead ECG algorithm to differentiate right from left manifest accessory pathways: A reappraisal of the P‐Delta interval
Authors: Ali Hussam , De Lucia Carmine , Cristiano Ernesto , Lupo Pierpaolo , Foresti Sara , De Ambroggi Guido , Turturiello Dario , Paganini Edoardo Maria , Bessi Riccardo , Farghaly Ahmad Abdelrady Abdelsalam , Francia Pietro , Cappato Riccardo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionDespite numerous ECG algorithms being developed to localize the site of manifest accessory pathways (AP), they often require stepwise multiple‐lead analysis with variable accuracy, limitations, and reproducibility. The study aimed to develop a single‐lead ECG algorithm incorporating the P‐Delta interval (PDI) as an adjunct criterion to discriminate between right and left manifest AP.MethodsConsecutive WPW patients undergoing electrophysiological study (EPS) were retrospectively recruited and split into a derivation and validation group (1:1 ratio). Sinus rhythm ECG analysis in lead V1 was performed by three independent investigators blinded to the EPS results. Conventional ECG parameters and PDI were assessed through the global cohort.ResultsA total of 140 WPW patients were included (70 for each group). A score‐based, single‐lead ECG algorithm was developed through derivation analysis incorporating the PDI, R/S ratio, and QRS onset polarity in lead V1. The validation group analysis confirmed the proposed algorithm's high accuracy (95%), which was superior to the previous ones in predicting the AP side (p < 0.05). A score of ≤+1 was 96.5% accurate in predicting right AP while a score of ≥+2 was 92.5% accurate in predicting left AP. The new algorithm maintained optimal performance in specific subgroups of the global cohort showing an accuracy rate of 90%, 92%, and 96% in minimal pre‐excitation, posteroseptal AP, and pediatric patients, respectively.ConclusionsA novel single‐lead ECG algorithm incorporating the PDI interval with previous conventional criteria showed high accuracy in differentiating right from left manifest AP comprising pediatric and minimal pre‐excitation subgroups in the current study.
Implementation of an intravenous sotalol initiation protocol: Implications for feasibility, safety, and length of stay
Authors: Liu Albert Y. , Charron Jessica , Fugaro Dana , Spoolstra Scott , Kaplan Rachel , Lohrmann Graham , Gao Xu , Gay Hawkins , Passman Rod , Kim Susan , Lin Albert C. , Chicos Alexandru , Arora Rishi , Patil Kaustubha , Pfenniger Anna , Knight Bradley P. , Verma Nishant 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionOral sotalol initiation requires a multiple‐day, inpatient admission to monitor for QT prolongation during loading. A 1‐day intravenous (IV) sotalol loading protocol was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in March 2020, but limited data on clinical use and administration currently exists. This study describes implementation of an IV sotalol protocol within an integrated health system, provides initial efficacy and safety outcomes, and examines length of stay (LOS) compared with oral sotalol initiation.MethodsIV sotalol was administered according to a prespecified initiation protocol to adult patients with refractory atrial or ventricular arrhythmias. Baseline characteristics, safety and feasibility outcomes, and LOS were compared with patients receiving oral sotalol over a similar time period.ResultsFrom January 2021 to June 2022, a total of 29 patients (average age 66.0 ± 8.6 years, 27.6% women) underwent IV sotalol load and 20 patients (average age 60.4 ± 13.9 years, 65.0% women) underwent oral sotalol load. The load was successfully completed in 22/29 (75.9%) patients receiving IV sotalol and 20/20 (100%) of patients receiving oral sotalol, although 7/20 of the oral sotalol patients (35.0%) required dose reduction. Adverse events interrupting IV sotalol infusion included bradycardia (seven patients, 24.1%) and QT prolongation (three patients, 10.3%). No patients receiving IV or oral sotalol developed sustained ventricular arrhythmias before discharge. LOS for patients completing IV load was 2.6 days shorter (mean 1.0 vs. 3.6, p < .001) compared with LOS with oral load.ConclusionIV sotalol loading has a safety profile that is similar to oral sotalol. It significantly shortens hospital LOS, potentially leading to large cost savings.
Differential gap location after radiofrequency versus cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation: Insights from a randomized trial with protocol‐mandated repeat procedure
Authors: Sørensen Samuel K. , Johannessen Arne , Worck René , Hansen Morten L. , Ruwald Martin H. , Hansen Jim 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionReconnections to pulmonary vein (PV) triggers of atrial fibrillation (AF) are the primary cause of AF recurrence after PV isolation (PVI) with radiofrequency (RF) or cryoballoon catheter ablation (CRYO), but method‐specific contributions to PV reconduction pattern and conductive gap location are incompletely understood.MethodsThe objective of this radiofrequency versus cryoballoon catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation substudy was to determine procedure‐specific patterns of PV reconduction in a randomized population with protocol‐mandated repeat procedures, irrespective of AF recurrence. Each PV was assessed in turn and PV reconnection sites were identified by high‐density electroanatomical mapping and locating the earliest activation site. Gap locations were verified by PV re‐isolation.ResultsIn 98 patients, 81% versus 76% previously isolated PVs remained isolated after CRYO versus RF (risk ratio [RR]: 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96–1.18; p = .28). There were no significant differences for any PV: left superior PV: 90% versus 80%; left inferior PV: 80% versus 78%; right superior PV: 81% versus 80%, and right inferior PV: 76% versus 73%. For each reconnected PV, 34% of ipsilateral PVs were also reconnected after CRYO compared with 64% after RF (RR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.32–0.90; p = .01). After RF, gaps were clustered by the carina and adjacent segments, whereas they were more heterogeneously distributed after CRYO.ConclusionAlthough RF and CRYO produce similar proportions of durably isolated PVs, gap locations appear to develop in procedure‐specific patterns. After RF, ipsilateral PV reconduction is more frequent and gap sites cluster by the carina, suggesting that this region should be selectively ablated for more durable PVI.
Protocol for the implementation and evaluation of a community‐based behavior change intervention to reduce dietary salt intake in India
Authors: Johnson Claire , Thout Sudhir Raj , Nidhuram Spoorthi , Hart Ashleigh , Hoek Annet C. , Rogers Kris , Shivashankar Roopa , Ide Nicole , Chatterjee Susmita , Webster Jacqui , Praveen Devarsetty 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExcess dietary salt intake is well established as a leading cause of high blood pressure and associated cardiovascular disease, yet current salt intake in India is nearly 11 g per day, more than twice World Health Organization maximum recommended intake of 5 g per day. Although dietary survey data from India indicate that the main sources of dietary salt are salt added during cooking at home, and few salt reduction efforts have focused on interventions at the household level. As a result, there is little evidence of the effectiveness of behavior change programs to reduce salt intake at the household level. The study aims to develop and implement a community based behavioral change intervention to reduce salt intake delivered by front line community‐based health volunteers; and evaluate the preliminary effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of delivering a salt reduction behavior change program and potential to support future scale‐up. The study is a pre‐post intervention design, and outcomes will be evaluated from a random sample of 1500 participants from 28 villages in two primary health centers in Siddipet, Telangana. Primary outcome is change in salt‐related KAB (knowledge, attitude, and behavior) score, and secondary outcomes will be changes in salt intake measured by 24 h urinary sodium excretion and change in scores using the subscales of the COM‐B (“capability”, “opportunity”, “motivation” and “behavior”) tool. Findings will be used to inform future public health policies to support implementation of scalable community‐based interventions to reduce salt intake and control hypertension, the leading‐cause of death in India.
Progress in genetics of type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications
Authors: Shojima Nobuhiro , Yamauchi Toshimasa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractType 2 diabetes results from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Precision medicine for type 2 diabetes using genetic data is expected to predict the risk of developing diabetes and complications and to predict the effects of medications and life‐style intervention more accurately for individuals. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted in European and Asian populations and new genetic loci have been identified that modulate the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Novel loci were discovered by GWAS in diabetic complications with increasing sample sizes. Large‐scale genome‐wide association analysis and polygenic risk scores using biobank information is making it possible to predict the development of type 2 diabetes. In the ADVANCE clinical trial of type 2 diabetes, a multi‐polygenic risk score was useful to predict diabetic complications and their response to treatment. Proteomics and metabolomics studies have been conducted and have revealed the associations between type 2 diabetes and inflammatory signals and amino acid synthesis. Using multi‐omics analysis, comprehensive molecular mechanisms have been elucidated to guide the development of targeted therapy for type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications.
Subinhibitory concentrations of florfenicol increase the biofilm formation of Piscirickettsia salmonis
Authors: Oliver Cristian , Céspedes Constanza , Santibañez Natacha , Ruiz Pamela , Romero Alex 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPublic health is facing a new challenge due to the increased bacterial resistance to most of the conventional antibacterial agents. Inadequate use of antibiotics in the Chilean aquaculture industry leads to the generation of multidrug resistance bacteria. Many fish pathogenic bacteria produce biofilm upon various sources of stress such as antibiotics, which provides several survival advantages for the bacterial life in community and can constitute a reservoir of pathogens in the marine environment. Being florfenicol a broad‐spectrum antibiotic commonly used to treat infections in aquaculture, the aim of this study was to assess whether this antibiotic modulates in vitro the biofilm formation in several isolates of Piscirickettsia salmonis. Standard antibiotic‐micro broth 96‐flat well plates were used to determinate the minimal inhibitory concentration of florfenicol in eight different P. salmonis isolates. In vitro findings, with P. salmonis growing in the presence and absence of the antibiotic, exhibited a statistically significantly increase (p < .05) in biofilm formation in all the bacterial isolates cultivated with sub‐MIC (defined as the half of the minimal inhibitory concentration in the presence of antibiotic) of florfenicol compared with controls (antibiotic‐free broth). In conclusion, sub‐MIC of florfenicol induced an increased biofilm formation in all P. salmonis isolates tested.
A novel paper based loop mediated isothermal amplification and lateral flow assay (LAMP‐LFA) for point‐of‐care detection of buffalo tissue origin in diverse foods
Authors: Jawla Jyoti , Kumar Rajiv Ranjan , Mendiratta Sanjod Kumar , Agarwal Ravi Kant , Singh Praveen , Saxena Vikas , Kumari Sarita , Kumar Dhananjay 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, we have designed a paper based loop‐mediated isothermal amplification‐lateral flow (LAMP‐LF) Assay that integrated the use of self‐designed lyophilized paper LAMP buttons as ready‐made LAMP master‐mix for on‐site detection of tissue of buffalo origin. Based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences, a pair of LAMP primers and probes were selected and designed, respectively. Herein, we optimized LAMP reaction components and thermal protocol to evaluate LAMP amplification in various paper matrices frequently used in diagnostics (cellulose, glass fiber, and nitrocellulose). The hybridization conditions of probes, as well as other components of paper LAMP‐LF Assay, were further optimized. Our low‐cost paper based system demonstrated high specificity and was able to detect as low as 10 fg of target DNA. The efficiency and accuracy of the assay were determined targeting coded meat/tissue samples, binary meat admixture, processed meat samples, Phire Animal Tissue Direct PCR kit, and by investigating the consistency between paper based LAMP‐LFA and conventional PCR outcomes. Furthermore, the paper platform was allowed for refrigeration‐temperature storage to determine its ability for deployment in low settings areas. In the current investigation, the time required from sample collection to detection was approximately 2–3 hr.
The battle of crops against drought: Genetic dissection and improvement
Authors: Yang Zhirui , Qin Feng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith ongoing global climate change, water scarcity‐induced drought stress remains a major threat to agricultural productivity. Plants undergo a series of physiological and morphological changes to cope with drought stress, including stomatal closure to reduce transpiration and changes in root architecture to optimize water uptake. Combined phenotypic and multi‐omics studies have recently identified a number of drought‐related genetic resources in different crop species. The functional dissection of these genes using molecular techniques has enriched our understanding of drought responses in crops and has provided genetic targets for enhancing resistance to drought. Here, we review recent advances in the cloning and functional analysis of drought resistance genes and the development of technologies to mitigate the threat of drought to crop production.
Moderated mediation approach to determine the effect of natural packaging factors on intention to purchase natural skincare products among the population of Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Najm Ahmed Abdulkareem , Salih Sarah Abdulkareem , Fazry Shazrul , Law Douglas , Azfaralariff Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe trends for health and pro‐environmental behaviors led to motivating consumers' attention to use natural skincare products. Purchase intention for natural skincare products can be influenced by several environmental, behavioral, and external factors. In line with global trends, the current study aims to determine the moderated mediation path in the relationship between the aspects of natural packaging of natural skincare products (environmental concerns, packaging design, and printed information), and the intention to purchase natural skincare products purchase intention. A web‐based survey was used to gather quantitative data from a convenience sample of 330 participants from Klang Valley, Malaysia. The study outcomes revealed that personal attitude significantly mediated the effect of environmental concerns, natural packaging design, and package printed information on purchase intention. Most importantly, the product safety certificate had a significant moderated mediation effect on the model of environmental concerns, natural packaging design, and purchase intention for natural skincare products. The results contributed to the information and recommendations for stakeholders to consider the packaging factors and safety certificates in the purchase behavior models in promoting the natural skincare products' marketing and industry.Practical ApplicationThe significance of the study lies in the linkage of graphic design to sustainability and marketing management research.
Robert Greville on Sins, Privations, and Dialetheism
Authors: Connolly Patrick J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the history of Western philosophy, dialetheism – the view that some sentences are both true and false – has been unpopular. This paper recovers a previously overlooked episode in the history of dialetheism. Specifically, it reconstructs a section of Robert Greville's The Nature of Truth (1640) in order to show that he was a dialetheist. Greville's consideration of the view that evil is a privation led him to endorse the claim that sinful acts are contradictory; they are the subjects of both being and non‐being. The paper also explores responses to Greville from John Wallis and Nathaniel Culverwell.
Vows without a self
Authors: Berryman Kevin , Chadha Monima , Nichols Shaun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVows play a central role in Buddhist thought and practice. Monastics are obliged to know and conform to hundreds of vows. Although it is widely recognized that vows are important for guiding practitioners on the path to enlightenment, we argue that they have another overlooked but equally crucial role to play. A second function of the vows, we argue, is to facilitate group harmony and cohesion to ensure the perpetuation of the dhamma and the saṅgha. However, the prominence of vows in the Buddhist tradition seems at odds with another central part of the doctrine. For vows, like other promises, seem to involve representing a persisting self as the individual who undertakes the vow. And to explicitly appeal to a persisting self conflicts with one of the most important philosophical commitments of Buddhism – the no self view. We argue though that once we articulate the details of how vows generate behavior that conforms to them, we can see that no appeal to the self is required to internalize and act on vows.
Bill of lading data in international trade research with an application to the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Flaaen Aaron , Haberkorn Flora , Lewis Logan , Monken Anderson , Pierce Justin , Rhodes Rosemary , Yi Madeleine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe evaluate high‐frequency bill of lading data for international trade research. These data offer some advantages over both other publicly accessible trade data and confidential datasets, but they also have drawbacks. We analyze three aspects of trade during the COVID‐19 pandemic. First, we show how the high‐frequency data capture the within‐month collapse of trade between the United States and India that are not observable in official monthly data. Second, we demonstrate how U.S. buyers shifted their purchases across suppliers over time during the recovery. And third, we show how the data can measure vessel delivery bottlenecks in near real time.
Performance evaluation of an oily industrial wastewater treatment system using the application of activated sludge model No. 3
Authors: Ayoub Mohamed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to adapt the activated sludge model No. 3 (ASM3) to the characteristics of oily industrial wastewater, determining the utmost significant and appropriate kinetic as well as stoichiometric parameters. An oily industrial wastewater treatment system was simulated to assess ASM3 validation and perform sensitivity analysis using the STOAT program. The obtained results revealed that the ASM3 model, which was calibrated after adding the Arrhenius equation into consideration, provided strong correlations with the analytical results of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) and total suspended solids in the return activated sludge flow (TSS in RAS) concentrations. The values of modelled effluent COD and TSS are very close to those corresponding real values of the treated wastewater by a difference of between 0.5% and 1.5%. Thus, this model becomes successful in representing oily industrial wastewater treatment as a new trend added to the traditional modelling of sewage treatment.