bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Load carriage physiology in normoxia and hypoxia
Authors: Baur Daniel A. , Baur Katherine G. , Buchanan Beverley K. , Ortiz Miles J. , Doody Abaigeal G. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the effects of load carriage in normoxia and normobaric hypoxia on ventilatory responses, hemodynamics, tissue oxygenation, and metabolism.

Methods
Healthy males (n = 12) completed 3 randomly ordered baseline graded exercise tests in the following conditions: (1) unloaded normoxic (U: FIO2 = 20.93%), (2) loaded (~ 30 kg) normoxic (LN), and (3) loaded hypoxic simulating ~ 3650 m (LH: FIO2 =  ~ 13%). Thereafter, experimental exercise trials were completed in quasi-randomized order (i.e., U completed first) consisting of 3 × 10 min of walking (separated by 5 min seated rest) with stages matched with the U condition (in ascending order) for relative intensity, absolute oxygen consumption ([VO2]; 1.7 L min−1), and walking speed (1.45 ± 0.15 m s−1).

Results
Load carriage increased perceived exertion and reduced VO2max (LN: − 7%; LH: − 32%; p < 0.05). At matched VO2, stroke volume and tidal volume were reduced and maintained with LN and LH vs. U, respectively (p < 0.05). Increases in cardiac output and minute ventilation at matched VO2 (with LH) and speed (with LN and LH), were primarily accomplished via increases in heart rate and breathing frequency (p < 0.05). Cerebral oxygenated hemoglobin (O2HHb) was increased at all intensities with LN, but deoxygenated hemoglobin and total hemoglobin were increased with LH (p < 0.05). Muscle oxygen kinetics and substrate utilization were similar between LN and U, but LH increased CHO dependence and reduced muscle O2HHb at matched speed (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Load carriage reduces cardiorespiratory efficiency and increases physiological strain, particularly in hypoxic environments. Potential load carriage-induced alterations in cerebral blood flow may increase the risk for altitude illnesses and requires further study.
Development of an ultrasound-assisted pre-treatment strategy for the extraction of d-Limonene toward the production of bioethanol from citrus peel waste (CPW)
Authors: Teke George Mbella , De Vos Liza , Smith Isle , Kleyn Tamryn , Mapholi Zwonaka 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCitrus is one of the world’s most abundant fruits containing vitamins, pigments, and fragrances, making it vital for several industries. However, these fruits contain about 45–50% residues (peels), which often end up as waste and can be harmful to the environment if not properly treated. Bioethanol production from citrus peel waste offers a potential solution to this problem. Hence, this study explores the potential of using ultrasound-assisted pre-treatment method as a novel strategy to extract d-Limonene (essential oil in the residue), and further demonstrates bioethanol production. This was done by investigating ultrasonication’s optimal effect on pre-treatment of the citrus residue, followed by bioethanol production. The results show that, optimum values for d-Limonene extraction were obtained at a temperature of 14.6 °C and an ultrasound intensity of 25.81 W/cm2 with a validation yield of 134 ± 4.24 mg/100 g dry CPW. With optimal ultrasonic parameters, the study went further to demonstrate the effect of the essential oil on bioethanol production which is hindered by the oils present. Key findings show better bioethanol yield once the essential oil was extracted (treated) from the citrus waste as opposed to it not extracted (untreated), with a 66 and a 29% increase when comparing simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and sequential hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) respectively. Based on this result, ultrasound-assisted extraction as a pretreatment method was found suitable for bioethanol production from citrus residue and could be utilized as a biorefinery pre-treatment approach to scale bioethanol production.
Pelvic floor muscle training delivered via telehealth to treat urinary and/or faecal incontinence after gynaecological cancer surgery: a single cohort feasibility study
Authors: Brennen Robyn , Soh Sze-Ee , Denehy Linda , Lin Kuan Yin , Jobling Thomas , McNally Orla M. , Hyde Simon , Kruger Jenny , Frawley Helena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the feasibility and clinical outcomes of telehealth-delivered pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) for urinary incontinence (UI) and/or faecal incontinence (FI) after gynaecological cancer surgery.

Methods
In this pre-post cohort clinical trial, patients with incontinence after gynaecological cancer surgery underwent a 12-week physiotherapist-supervised telehealth-delivered PFMT program. The intervention involved seven videoconference sessions with real-time feedback from an intra-vaginal biofeedback device and a daily home PFMT program. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, engagement and adherence rates. Clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention and a 3-month post-intervention using International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaires for UI (ICIQ-UI-SF) and Bowel function (ICIQ-B) and the intra-vaginal biofeedback device. Means and 95%CIs for all time points were analysed using bootstrapping methods.

Results
Of the 63 eligible patients, 39 (62%) consented to the study. Three participants did not complete baseline assessment and were not enrolled in the trial. Of the 36 participants who were enrolled, 32 (89%) received the intervention. Retention was 89% (n=32/36). The majority of participants (n=30, 94%) demonstrated high engagement, attending at least six videoconference sessions. Adherence to the daily PFMT program was moderate, with 24 participants (75%) completing five-to-seven PFMT sessions per week during the intervention. All clinical outcomes improved immediately post-intervention; however, the magnitude of these improvements was small.

Conclusion
Telehealth-delivered PFMT may be feasible to treat incontinence after gynaecological cancer surgery.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: ACTRN12621000880842)
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency accelerates arterial aging in diabetes
Authors: Scuteri Angelo , Morrell Christopher H. , AlGhatrif Majd , Orru Marco , Fiorillo Edoardo , Marongiu Michele , Schlessinger David , Cucca Francesco , Lakatta Edward G. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aims
High glucose levels and Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) have both tissue inflammatory effects. Here we determined whether G6PDd accelerates arterial aging (information linked stiffening) in diabetes.

Methods
Plasma glucose, interleukin 6 (IL6), and arterial stiffness (indexed as carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity, PWV) and red blood cell G6PD activity were assessed in a large (4448) Sardinian population.

Results
Although high plasma glucose in diabetics, did not differ by G6DP status (178.2 ± 55.1 vs 169.0 ± 50.1 mg/dl) in G6DPd versus non-G6PDd subjects, respectively, IL6, and PWV (adjusted for age and glucose) were significantly increased in G6PDd vs non-G6PDd subjects (PWV, 8.0 ± 0.4 vs 7.2 ± 0.2 m/sec) and (IL6, 6.9 ± 5.0 vs 4.2 ± 3.0 pg/ml). In non-diabetics, neither fasting plasma glucose, nor IL6, nor PWV were impacted by G6PDd.

Conclusion
G6PDd in diabetics is associated with increased inflammatory markers and accelerated arterial aging.
Future photovoltaic solar power resources in Zambia: a CORDEX-CORE multi-model synthesis
Authors: Libanda Brigadier , Paeth Heiko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe exploration of renewable energy such as wind and solar radiation has the potential of reducing reliance on fossil fuels, thus cutting emissions of carbon dioxide, particulate matter, and several other greenhouse gasses. However, recent findings indicate that wind speed across Zambia is very slow, it is increasing but remains unlikely to support large commercial wind farms. In this study, we explore the future impacts of climate change on solar photovoltaic resources. To do this, we examine the new high-resolution (25 km) Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment—CORDEX-CORE simulations for the African domain, using two different emission scenarios until 2100. At an annual scale, results indicate a weak but steady decrease in PVRes of around 0.02 W/m2 per annum under RCP2.6 and about 0.005 W/m2 per annum under RCP8.5. Results further show that at an average of ~ 237 ± 3.3 W/m2 and 212 ± 2.5 W/m2, respectively, RCP2.6 comes along with 12 ± 3% more PVRes than RCP8.5. Thus RCP2.6, a greener and climate-friendly pathway, points towards a higher renewable energy potential across Zambia compared to the business-as-usual pathway.
Survival and success of zirconia compared with titanium implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Padhye Ninad Milind , Calciolari Elena , Zuercher Anina Nives , Tagliaferri Sara , Donos Nikos 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
This systematic review assessed the available evidence on the survival and success rate of zirconia and titanium implants. As secondary outcomes, aesthetic, radiographic and clinical parameters, as well as biological and mechanical complications, were considered.

Materials and methods
A systematic search was performed up to March 2022 to identify CCTs/RCTs comparing zirconia and titanium implants with a minimum of 12 months of follow-up. Meta-analysis was performed when ≥ 2 articles with similar characteristics were retrieved.

Results
Four published articles with two RCTs (2 different patient populations) with 100 zirconia and 99 titanium implants that were followed up over 12–80 months were selected out of the 6040 articles. A non-statistically significant difference between zirconia and titanium implant survival at 12 months was suggested (P = 0.0938). The success rates were 57.5–93.3% and 57.1–100% for zirconia and titanium implants, respectively. The pink aesthetic score (PES) was higher for zirconia (10.33 ± 2.06 to 11.38 ± 0.92) compared to titanium implants (8.14 ± 3.58 to 11.56 ± 1.0).

Conclusion
Based on the 2 RCTs retrieved in the literature, similar survival rates were reported for zirconia and titanium implants in the short term (12 months of follow-up). Future RCTs are warranted to evaluate the long-term outcomes of zirconia implants.

Clinical relevance
Zirconia implants may be the procedure of choice, particularly in the aesthetic zone, since they show a similar survival and success rate as titanium implants on a short-term follow-up.

Trial registration
Systematic review registration number—CRD42021288704 (PROSPERO).
Longitudinal relationships of psychotic-like experiences with suicidal ideation and self-harm in adolescents
Authors: Zhou Rui , Foo Jerome Clifford , Nishida Asuka , Ogawa Sayoko , Togo Fumiharu , Sasaki Tsukasa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch in adolescents suggests associations between psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs), but insights into their temporal relationship, which may inform prediction, have been limited. Psychological distress (PD; symptoms of depression and anxiety) has been related to both PLEs and SITBs, and may modulate this relationship. Given that PLEs have been linked to the development of several mental disorders, and the relationships between SITBs and suicide, it is important to better understand their relationship. The present study sought to investigate these factors using a longitudinal school-based design. Adolescents (n = 1685, ages 12–18) completed annual self-report assessments (6 time points) on PLEs, SITBs (suicidal ideation (SI) and self-harm (SH)), as well as PD. The longitudinal associations between PLEs and SITBs were analyzed, employing two cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs), with and without adjustment for PD. Unadjusted CLPMs revealed significant bidirectional temporal associations between PLEs and SITBs (both SI and SH), suggesting that PLEs both predicted and were predicted by SITBs. When adjusting for PD, the effect of SI on PLEs remained significant, but not PLEs on SI; bidirectional associations between PLEs and SH also remained significant. A bidirectional longitudinal relationship where both PLEs and SITBs can precede (and perhaps predict) each other was suggested in adolescents. PD may play a particular role in situations where PLEs are followed by SI. Heightened awareness about relationships between these phenotypes may be an important step toward facilitating timely interventions for both mental disorders and suicide.
Does orthognathic surgery affect mandibular condyle position? A retrospective study
Authors: Dvoranova Bronislava , Vavro Michal , Czako Ladislav , Hirjak Dusan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to analyze mandibular condyle position changes after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) and bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in patients operated at a single department by two surgeons in 2013–2022. Compared were groups of mandibular advancement vs setback and bimaxillary vs BSSO.

Methods
Ninety-nine subjects were included. Inclusion criteria were patients who underwent one of the BSSO or bimaxillary surgery and had CT scans performed before and after surgery. Preoperative CT scans were performed 1 day before surgery and postoperative CT scans 6–12 months afterwards. Changes in mandibular condyle position were measured in axial and sagittal planes.

Results
CT condylar position measurements indicated significant postoperative changes in AB angle bilaterally (p =  < 0.001). In mandibular advancement and setback comparison, values were significantly lower in ABL angle values in the setback group (p = 0.011326) and significantly higher in FDR in the advancement group (p = 0.005795). There were no statistically significant changes found in BSSO and bimaxillary group comparison.

Conclusion
Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that orthognathic surgery does have a moderate effect on position of the condyles, especially condylar rotation in transversal axis.
Leaf morphometric analysis and potential distribution modelling contribute to taxonomic differentiation in the Quercus microphylla complex
Authors: De Luna-Bonilla Oscar Ángel , Valencia-Á Susana , Ibarra-Manríquez Guillermo , Morales-Saldaña Saddan , Tovar-Sánchez Efraín , González-Rodríguez Antonio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMexico is a major center of evolutionary radiation for the genus Quercus, with oak species occurring across different habitat types and showing a wide variation in morphology and growth form. Despite representing about 20% of Mexican species, scrub oaks have received little attention and even basic aspects of their taxonomy and geographic distribution remain unresolved. In this study, we analyzed the morphological and climatic niche differentiation of scrub oak populations forming a complex constituted by six named species, Quercus cordifolia, Quercus frutex, Quercus intricata, Quercus microphylla, Quercus repanda, Quercus striatula and a distinct morphotype of Q. striatula identified during field and herbarium work (hereafter named Q. striatula II). Samples were obtained from 35 sites covering the geographic distribution of the complex in northern and central Mexico. Morphological differentiation was analyzed through geometric morphometrics of leaf shape and quantification of trichome traits. Our results indicated the presence of two main morphological groups with geographic concordance. The first was formed by Q. frutex, Q. microphylla, Q. repanda and Q. striatula, distributed in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, the Sierra Madre Occidental and a little portion of the south of the Mexican Altiplano (MA). The second group consists of Q. cordifola, Q. intricata and Q. striatula II, found in the Sierra Madre Oriental and the MA. Therefore, our evidence supports the distinctness of the Q. striatula II morphotype, indicating the need for a taxonomic revision. Within the two groups, morphological differentiation among taxa varied from very clear to low or inexistent (i.e. Q. microphylla-Q. striatula and Q. cordifolia-Q. striatula II) but niche comparisons revealed significant niche differentiation in all pairwise comparisons, highlighting the relevance of integrative approaches for the taxonomic resolution of complicated groups such as the one studied here.
Evaluation of levator ani muscle elasticity after vaginal delivery and cesarean section using shear wave elastography
Authors: Okada Yoshiyuki , Nakagawa Chie , Shigeta Miwa , Nomura Yukiko , Inoue Eisuke , Ichizuka Kiyotake , Yoshimura Yasukuni 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The risk of pelvic floor muscle injury is commonly considered to be higher in vaginal than in cesarean delivery. This study aimed to compare levator ani muscle (LAM) elasticity after vaginal and cesarean delivery using shear wave elastography (SWE).

Methods
Postpartum women who underwent a single SWE evaluation 1 month after their first delivery were divided into vaginal and cesarean delivery groups. The elastic moduli of both sides of the LAM were measured in a horizontal section and compared between the groups. In addition, a subgroup analysis was performed to compare LAM elasticity according to the delivery method within the vaginal delivery group—normal vaginal delivery, episiotomy, and operative vaginal delivery.

Results
Sixty-two women were included (vaginal delivery, n = 47; elective cesarean section, n = 15). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the LAM elastic modulus was significantly lower in the vaginal delivery group than in the cesarean delivery group (right LAM: 44.2 vs. 72.7 kPa, p = 0.0036; left LAM 40.4 vs. 82.7 kPa, p < 0.0001). In the subgroup analysis, the right LAM elastic modulus was significantly lower in the operative vaginal delivery subgroup than in the normal vaginal delivery subgroup (p = 0.0131). However, there was no significant difference in the left LAM elastic modulus between the three subgroups.

Conclusion
LAM elasticity was significantly lower after vaginal delivery than after cesarean delivery. Furthermore, the elasticity of the right LAM was lower after operative vaginal delivery than after normal vaginal delivery. SWE has the potential to provide an objective quantitative assessment of postpartum pelvic floor muscle recovery.
Producer and consumer perspectives on supporting and diversifying local food systems in central Iowa
Authors: Dorneich Michael C. , Krejci Caroline C. , Schwab Nicholas , Stone Tiffanie F. , Huckins Erin , Thompson Janette R. , Passe Ulrike 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe majority of food in the US is distributed through global/national supply chains that exclude locally-produced goods. This situation offers opportunities to increase local food production and consumption and is influenced by constraints that limit the scale of these activities. We conducted a study to assess perspectives of producers and consumers engaged in food systems of a major Midwestern city. We examined producers’ willingness to include/increase cultivation of local foods and consumers’ interest in purchasing/increasing local foods. We used focus groups of producers (two groups of conventional farmers, four local food producers) and consumers (three conventional market participants, two locavores) to pose questions about production/consumption of local foods. We transcribed discussions verbatim and examined text to identify themes, using separate affinity diagrams for producers and consumers. We found producers and consumers are influenced by the status quo and real and perceived barriers to local foods. We also learned participants believed increasing production and consumption of local foods would benefit their community and creating better infrastructure could enhance efforts to scale up local food systems. Focus group participants also indicated support from external champions/programs could support expansion of local foods. We learned that diversifying local food production was viewed as a way to support local community, increase access to healthy foods and reduce environmental impacts of conventional production. Our research indicates that encouraging producers and consumers in local food systems will be more successful when support for the local community is emphasized.
An oak is an oak, or not? Understanding and dealing with confusion and disagreement in biological classification
Authors: Cuypers Vincent , Reydon Thomas A. C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHuman interaction with the living world, in science and beyond, always involves classification. While it has been a long-standing scientific goal to produce a single all-purpose taxonomy of life to cater for this need, classificatory practice is often subject to confusion and disagreement, and many philosophers have advocated forms of classificatory pluralism. This entails that multiple classifications should be allowed to coexist, and that whichever classification is best, is context-dependent. In this paper, we discuss some practical consequences of classificatory pluralism, in particular with regard to how one is supposed to find the best classification for a given context. We do so by means of a case study concerning oaks, in particular the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and the sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), two important putative species that present several classificatory challenges; and by applying one recent philosophical framework conceptualizing classification, the so-called Grounded Functionality Account (GFA) of (natural) kinds. We show how the GFA elucidates several issues related to oak classification and gives directions to optimize classificatory practices, and discuss some implications for scientific taxonomy.
Factors of green entrepreneurship in selected emerging markets in the European Union
Authors: Misztal Anna , Kowalska Magdalena 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe paper researches factors influencing green entrepreneurship in the five European Union's emerging markets from 2008 to 2020. We choose five countries from the UE not in the eurozone (International Monetary Fund's approach to assessing economies), including Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. The theoretical part discusses selected problems related to green entrepreneurship (we focus on analysing green sectors of the economy) and its determinants. The practical part shows the research results. We use Pearson's R, the ordinary least squares, and the vector autoregression model (VAR) to verify our research hypothesis (p-value < 0.05). We focus on factors which are crucial for entrepreneurship OECD (2011). Measuring green entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship at a Glance, including macroeconomic conditions (MacroCon), creation and diffusion of knowledge (CaDKnow), entrepreneurial skills and capabilities (CapEnt), regulations (RegFram), and the expenditure on environmental protection (EnvProt). According to the OLS regression, there is a substantial variation in the impact of individual factors on green entrepreneurship in emerging markets from 2010 to 2020. Moreover, green is conditioned by a sequence of events, with the past determining the present values.