bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life following bisphosphonate therapy in individuals with Paget’s disease of bone – A study from a teaching hospital in Southern India
Authors: Ninan Fibi K. , Cherian Kripa Elizabeth , Rajan Remya , Jebasingh Felix , Kapoor Nitin , Asha Hesarghatta S. , Thomas Nihal , Paul Thomas V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is associated with considerable morbidity because of bony pains, fractures, and deformities. Remission, as assessed by reduction in alkaline phosphatase levels, does not necessarily correlate with improvement in quality of life (QoL). Health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in affected individuals is not well-studied in India. This study attempts to describe the QoL in individuals with PDB.

Methods:
In this prospective observational study spanning 6 years (Jan 2017–Dec 2022), we included 29 treatment-naïve patients diagnosed with PDB based on clinical, biochemical, and radiographic features. All patients received treatment with antiresorptive agents. SF-36 questionnaire was administered before treatment and at review.

Results:
A total of 29 patients with PDB (20 males), with a mean (SD) age of 68.1 (9.8) years, were included. Symptomatic disease was seen in 23/29 (79.3%) and polyostotic disease in 25/29 (86%) subjects. The median duration of symptoms was 6 months (0–24 months). The most frequently involved skeletal sites were the pelvis (69%), vertebrae and sacrum (68%), followed by the skull (48%) and lower limb (48%). The subjects were treated with parenteral zoledronate (65.5%), oral alendronate (24.1%), and denosumab (6.9%). There was a significant improvement in all eight domains of QoL (P = 0.0001) as assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire. The maximum improvement (27.2%) was observed in the physical functioning domain (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:
This study assessed various domains in QoL by using the SF-36 questionnaire at baseline and post-treatment with antiresorptive agents, and it was noted that there was a significant improvement in all domains of QoL.
Magnitude and pattern of usage of contraception and counselling services in an urban health centre in East Delhi: A secondary data analysis
Authors: Singh Garima , Kansal Subham , Jain Arihant , Garg Kanishka , Tayal Manan , Tejaswi Boyana T. , Acharya Anita S. , Laskar Ananya R. , Khandekar Jyoti 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Family planning is a critical aspect of reproductive health, influencing individuals and couples; decisions regarding contraception. This study explores the pattern of usage of contraceptives viz. condom, injectables, centchroman tablets, oral contraceptive pills and sterilization, including tubectomy and vasectomy. Understanding these associations is vital for improving the role of counselling in family planning services.

Objective:
To assess the magnitude and pattern of contraception usage in an urban health centre in East Delhi.

Methodology:
Data were collected and analysed from the family planning counselling register from November 2022 till October 2023 among the couples coming to the family planning clinic of UHTC located in East Delhi. Information about demographic details, live issues, contraceptive being used, contraceptive recommended, client choice and outcome (whether they accepted the recommended contraceptive or not). Responses of beneficiaries were analysed to determine the magnitude and pattern of contraceptive usage.

Results:
Among 764 couples, the mean age of females and males was 30.36 years (±5.6) and 34.32 years (±6.2), respectively. Among all participants, 38.32% of couples had two children. The usage of condoms was reported by 40.6% of the participants. Out of the total participants, 58.6% received counselling for permanent methods. The unmet need was identified in 25.2% of the participants.

Conclusion:
The study underscores the importance of counselling in shaping family planning decisions. Insights gained in this study can help healthcare providers tailor counselling approaches to better address the diverse needs of individuals and couples.
Investigating Gram-negative bacilli isolates’ sensitivity to ceftazidime/avibactam
Authors: Sunali  , Jha Mithilesh Kumar , Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Maneesh , Ranjan Nishant 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram negative organisms are becoming increasingly common. Carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) pose a major threat and necessitate the development of new antibiotics. MDR and carbapenem resistant infections, which are common in intensive care units and hospitals, lead to increased morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. New antimicrobials such as ceftazidime avibactam offer potential alternatives to conventional treatments such as tigecycline and colistin, which have significant side effects and limitations.

Aim:
This study focuses on the antibiotic susceptibility of ceftazidime/ avibactam to Gram negative bacilli found in a large number of clinical samples collected from a tertiary care facility in Netaji Subhas Medical University and Hospital, Bihta, India.

Methodology:
The study included 81 Gram negative bacteria isolated from patient samples. Based on the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines mentioned in the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.

Result and Conclusion:
the results showed that ceftazidime avibactam inhibited 89.9% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates, which was higher than the 80.3% of amikacin and the 85.1% of meropenem. Ceftazidime avibactam was effective against CRE isolates in 69.9% of cases and against MDR isolates in urine in 94% of cases, which was higher than the 40% of ceftriaxone and 94% of nitrofurantoin. The results show that ceftazidime avibactam can cure MDR and CRE infections, especially urinary tract infections, better than conventional antibiotics, which is a great help in the fight against increasing antibiotic resistance.
Suicidal ideation and its associated risk factors among students of a medical college in Chennai—A cross-sectional study
Authors: Koushik M , Veeramani Prarthana , Vaishali L Pooja Mary , Charumathi B , Jain Timsi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Suicidal ideation is the thought or plan to suicide. It is an important public health issue. A severe cause of mortality worldwide is suicide. Previous studies have analyzed suicidal ideation in patients who have already attempted self-harm. In this study, we aim to find out the prevalence of suicidal ideation and knowledge of danger signs of suicide in a nonclinical population, especially among students of a medical college.

Methodology:
An institutional-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2021 to October 2021 in a private medical college in Chennai. Data were collected from the medical students of the private medical college using Beck’s suicidal ideation scale, (DASS-21), and a semistructured questionnaire. Students aged above 18 years and willing to participate in this study were included. The sample size was calculated as 304 by taking reference value from a previous study by Ahmed et al. in Egypt. The total number of students studying in the college was 700, out of which 310 responses were obtained. Convenient sampling was done. Google forms were circulated to the students and data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive statistics were calculated. An association between the study variables and suicidal ideation was found by using the Chi-square test. P < 0.05 were found to be statistically significant.

Results:
The prevalence of suicidal ideation among the study population was found to be 9%. Factors like the presence of depression, anxiety, stress, dissatisfied lifestyle, history of smoking, drugs, and alcohol consumption were found to be contributing to suicidal ideation. About 37.7% of the study population felt that they knew about the danger signs of suicide.

Conclusion:
Promotion of mental health and screening for mental health disorders need to be done regularly. Identified risk factors for suicidal ideation should be addressed and mitigated.
The use of a smartphone app for self-monitoring by patients with bipolar disorder being treated in a primary care setting
Authors: Elsayed Omar H. , Cecil John , Priesmeyer Richard , Siegel Gregg , Siegel Phyllis , El-Mallakh Rif S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Self-monitoring and self-management are growing phenomena in the care of chronic illnesses, like bipolar disorder. A significant fraction of patients with bipolar disorder are cared for by primary care providers. The use of smart technology may be effective in this setting.

Method:
KIOS-Bipolar, a smartphone app that proved superior in a randomized, controlled trial, was beta-tested for two-month periods in 12 patients with bipolar disorder who were under the care of a primary care clinic.

Results:
Adherence to the app was 100%. Patients experienced improvements in depressive (−41%) and manic (−46%) symptoms and overall instability (−39%). Patients felt that the system was user-friendly with an average system usability score of 80.8 (range 48–100). Five participants (41.8%) gave a system usability score ≥ 90.

Discussion:
This open trial suggests that utilization of a self-management tool may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder in the primary care setting.
The internet gaming disorder and its associated factors among college students at Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bin Abdulrahman Khalid , Alhomoud Tariq Y. , Alateeq Ismail S. , Al-Mohaisen Faisal N. , Alshamrani Musab S. , Alhathlul Saleh I. , Khamsah Mohammed Abdulaziz 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Internet gaming disorder (IGD) or video gaming has been considered by World Health Organization (WHO) and American Psychiatric Association (APA) as a disease. WHO defines IGD as a disease with a pattern of uncontrollable gaming behavior, characterized by increasing priority given to gaming over other activities to the point that gaming takes precedence over most interests and activities of daily living.

Objectives:
This research aims to estimate the prevalence and examine the association of IGD scores with gender, age, sleeping hours, academic performance, and occurrence of arguing with others post-gaming among college students.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2022 at (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 1005 college students filled out an online self-administered questionnaire developed based on an extensive literature review and pilot study.

Results:
More than two-thirds (76.1%) of students are active gamers. The majority (65.8%) reported no effects of gaming on daily activities. yet, one-third considered games as the most daily time-consuming activity. The majority are playing games to relieve stress. Interestingly, male and senior students had the highest IGD scores (P = 0.017, P = 0.072, respectively). Unfortunately, there were associations between high IGD scores and having fewer sleeping hours as well as low academic performance (P = 0.046, P = 0.047, respectively). Negative social effects include arguing after gaming was significantly linked with higher IGD scores (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
IGD was prevalent among college students. There was no impact of games on students’ daily activities; however, gaming was the most time-consuming part of daily activity for the remaining students. Most college students were playing games to feel better. Higher IGD score was associated with male, senior students, less sleeping hours, poor academic performance, and post-gaming arguments with others.
Comparative study of autonomic function in diabetics and yoga practitioners using Ewing’s battery
Authors: Amadawala Tasneem , Rukadikar Charushila , Deshpande Dileep 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. It significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and autonomic neuropathy. Yoga has been shown to improve autonomic function and glycemic control in diabetic patients.

Objective:
To compare the autonomic nervous system (ANS) function between diabetic patients and regular yoga practitioners using Ewing’s battery tests.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 270 participants, divided into two groups: 135 diabetics (Group I) and 135 yoga practitioners (Group II). Participants’ height, weight, and BMI were measured. ANS function was assessed using Ewing’s battery tests, which included heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) responses to various stimuli. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with significance set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:
Diabetic participants showed lower HR responses to standing from a supine posture, the Valsalva maneuver, and slow deep breathing, indicating impaired parasympathetic function. They also exhibited higher BP responses to the cold pressor test, sustained handgrip, and standing, reflecting sympathetic overactivity. In contrast, yoga practitioners demonstrated better autonomic function with higher HR responses and lower BP responses in these tests. The findings suggest that yoga promotes parasympathetic dominance and reduces sympathetic overactivity.

Conclusion:
Regular yoga practice significantly improves autonomic function in individuals, including those with diabetes. These results support the incorporation of yoga as a complementary therapy in diabetes management to enhance cardiovascular health and reduce autonomic dysfunction.
Clinico-spirometrical correlation of newly detected COPD patients with known tobacco smoking exposure or biomass smoke exposure presenting to a teaching institution in Vadodara, Gujarat
Authors: Patel Bhavesh , Mothiganesh G , Shah Arti D. , Chakravarti Chirag H. , Naik Parshwa , Patel Princee 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnoea, coughing, sputum production) associated with abnormalities of the airways (bronchitis, bronchiolitis) and/or alveoli (emphysema) that result in persistent, frequently progressive airflow obstruction are the hallmarks of COPD, a diverse lung illness. The current investigation aimed to establish a clinical profile of patients with recently diagnosed COPD who present to a healthcare facility in Vadodara.

Materials and Methods:
The Department of Respiratory Medicine conducted an observational cross-section study on individuals with recently discovered COPD. The study comprised records of 50 participants, from September 2022 to January 2024. Along with the spirometry results, pertinent clinical data were gathered.

Results:
The study’s patient population presented with an average age of 61.52 years. The fact that every patient in the research was over 40 years old suggests that COPD is becoming more common in people over 40. There was a male majority among the 50 patients, with 40 (80%) male and 10 (20%) female. Most common age group was smokers accounted for 80% of the total cases, suggesting that their incidence of COPD is greater. Average FEV1 at presentation was 41 L/min for 50 patients. Among 50 patients, 6% falls under mild, 28% under moderate, 42% under severe, and 24% under very severe according to GOLD grading and severity of airflow obstruction.

Conclusion:
Despite the fact that tobacco smoke is thought to be the main cause of COPD. Indoor and outdoor air pollution are major issues in many nations, including India. One of the main risk factors for COPD is smoke from activities such as burning wood or biomass fuels in addition to work exposure. The ageing of the global population and ongoing exposure to COPD risk factors are expected to contribute to a rise in the prevalence and burden of COPD in the ensuing decades. The fact that most newly diagnosed patients in this research were older and more symptomatic and that most identified individuals had moderate to severe COPD, indicates the importance of spirometry programs in primary care for the early detection of COPD. Our findings suggest that a new campaign requiring patients to undergo spirometry and routine follow-up may be able to identify a sizable proportion of patients with undiagnosed COPD and perhaps improve their quality of life.
Patient safety culture: Insights from a cross-sectional study among healthcare professionals
Authors: Tadia Vijay K. , Kotwal Neelam , Jalaunia Rahul S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The classical definition of patient safety given by the IOM is, “the prevention of harm to patients.” To expect error less performance from human beings working in a complex, highly challenging, and stressful health care environment is unrealistic. The emphasis must be on fostering a culture of safety that involves multiple stakeholders including healthcare workers, healthcare organizations, and patients.

Aim:
To assess the culture of patient safety among healthcare professionals.

Settings and Design:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-validated survey instrument in a tertiary care pediatric hospital.

Methods and Material:
The data were collected over a period of 1 month (from 4th January 2022 to 5th February 2022) using pre-validated questionnaire based on “Surveys on Patient Safety Culture™ (SOPS™) Hospital Survey Version 2.0 (SOPS Hospital Survey 2.0)”. Both web-based and paper-based questionnaire forms were distributed among the health care workers.

Results:
Totally, 61% of the respondents had average positive response to patient safety, 75% positive response about communication of patient safety error and 74% about teamwork in crisis. A total of 74% responded that supervisors or clinical leaders support them in pursuit of patient safety, 73% about proper handovers. About 69% mentioned about a culture of organizational learning and continuous improvement, 59% reported any patient safety event, 49% believed in support from Hospital management and 42% believed that if a patient safety error is reported it is responded to positively by the seniors by taking corrective measures.

Conclusions:
The study presented with a plethora of outcomes that can be used for promoting safe healthcare. A policy for continuous improvement should be implemented to ensure the culture of safe and sustainable patient care.
A retrospective study of 5S behaviours of Physical Activity (PA) among suburban Mumbai population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)
Authors: Parikh Kosha , Thosani Shikha , Joshi Ameya , Hajirnis Apoorva , Seth Chandani 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
T2DM is a chronic metabolic disorder to manage the same lifestyle modification is cornerstone. In 2022, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) published a consensus report targeting the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which emphasised the importance of regular aerobic and resistance exercise. Both forms of physical activity (PA) can improve blood glucose, HbA1C levels, flexibility and balance. The ADA and EASD has categorised PA behaviours into 5 S. The 5 S stands for:- Sitting, Stepping, Sleep Sweating, Strengthening. The current study aims at auditing these 5S behaviours in suburban Mumbai population with its impact on HbA1C and body mass index (BMI).

Methodology:
A Retrospective, questionnaire-based study was conducted in the Endocrinology outpatient department of tertiary care institute in Mumbai suburban district. The demographic details, anthropometric measurements, HbA1C levels, sleep cycle and daily PA schedule including the 5S behaviours were recorded. The data generated was then statistically analysed using the IBM SPSS software v. 23.

Results:
The study included a total of 356 T2DM participants. Prolong sitting had a statistically significant correlation with BMI (P value = 0.003) and HbA1c levels (P value = 0.001), similarly strength training had a positive correlation with HbA1c (P value = 0.048) as well as with total sleep hours (P value < 0.0001). Behaviour like drowsiness was positively correlated with changing shift duty. Additionally, in the present study, it was also observed that more than half of the study population (55.8%) did not track their daily steps.

Conclusion:
The findings of the present study emphasize the importance of reducing sedentary time, promoting strength training and enhancing sleep quality in T2DM management. Targeted interventions in these areas can help improve health outcomes and quality of life for T2DM patients.
A Narrative Review of Celiac Disease in India with a Focus on its Link with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tharunika Sridhar , Mohan Viswanathan , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Amutha Anandakumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune condition that is triggered when gluten, the protein component found in wheat, barley, and rye, is consumed. It is not only a disease of the intestines: it is a complex condition resulting from a combination of several hereditary variables working in conjunction with non-genetic reasons. Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune illness associated with absolute insulin deficiency and severe hyperglycemia in those with genetic vulnerability. T1D is often associated with CeD due to its shared genetic predisposition and immune system dysregulation. CeD is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed due to a lack of knowledge of the condition among healthcare professionals and the general public. CeD is often mistaken for many other gastrointestinal disorders, which leads to delays in the treatment and management of the disease, thus leading to various other complications. To address this issue, this study was initiated with a comprehensive literature review from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, PGIMER, ICMR, and International Diabetes Federation Atlas Reports using keywords like “Type 1 Diabetes,” “Celiac Disease,” and “India.” Studies on CeD prevalence in India, genetic linkages to T1D, related variables, and clinical characteristics were included. Non-relevant populations, non-human studies, and old data were excluded. Narrative synthesis provided a comprehensive picture of CeD and T1D in India. This narrative review aims to enhance the understanding of CeD and T1D and guide the development of effective strategies from the public health perspective, to address CeD at an early stage.
Exploring the Occurrence of Autoimmune Disorders in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Comprehensive Analysis of Frequency and Associations
Authors: Uddin Zaheer , Askari Saima , Riaz Musarrat , Bashir Ihsan , Basit Abdul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
It is well recognized that type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune diseases are related; however, exact frequency of autoimmune diseases in T1DM is still unknown.

Objective:
To determine the frequency of autoimmune disorder associated with T1DM.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was performed at Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), Baqai Medical University (BMU), Karachi. One hundred and fifty-one diagnosed patients of T1DM having age <35 years were selected by using consecutive sampling technique. Clinical evidence (sign and symptoms) supported by diagnostic tests (where indicated) were used to confirm autoimmune disorder in T1DM.

Results:
Out of 151 T1DM patient, male patients were 80 (53.0%) and female patients were 71 (47.0%) with a mean age of 17.10 ± 5.74 years. Autoimmune disease was diagnosed in 43 (28.5%) T1DM patients. Most commonly reported autoimmune and other disorder associated with T1DM patients was hypothyroidism diagnosed in 25 (16.6%) patients followed by celiac disease in 22 (14.6%) patients and Addison disease in four (2.6%) patients. Moreover, polycystic ovarian syndrome was found in 15 (21.1%) female patients.

Conclusion:
The substantial linkage observed between T1DM and autoimmune diseases underscores the critical importance of timely diagnosis for both conditions.