bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obstructive sleep apnea: a major risk factor for COVID-19 encephalopathy?
Authors: Breville Gautier , Herrmann François , Adler Dan , Deffert Christine , Bommarito Giulia , Stancu Patrick , Accorroni Alice , Uginet Marjolaine , Assal Frederic , Tamisier Renaud , Lalive Patrice H. , Pepin Jean-Louis , Lövblad Karl-Olof , Allali Gilles 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
This study evaluates the impact of comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) acute encephalopathy (AE).
Methods
Between 3/1/2020 and 11/1/2021, 97 consecutive patients were evaluated at the Geneva University Hospitals with a neurological diagnosis of COVID-19 AE. They were divided in two groups depending on the presence or absence of high risk for OSA based on the modified NOSAS score (mNOSAS, respectively ≥8 and <8). We compared patients’ characteristics (clinical, biological, brain MRI, EEG, pulmonary CT). The severity of COVID-19 AE relied on the RASS and CAM scores.
Results
Most COVID-19 AE patients presented with a high mNOSAS, suggesting an underlying OSA (>80%). Patients with a high mNOSAS had a more severe form of COVID-19 AE (84.8% versus 27.8%), longer mean duration of COVID-19 AE (27.9 versus 16.9 days), higher mRS at discharge (≥3 in 58.2% versus 16.7%), and increased prevalence of brain vessels enhancement (98.1% versus 20.0%). Underlying OSA was associated with a 14 fold increased risk of developing a severe COVID-19 AE (OR=14.52).
Discussion
These observations suggest an association between comorbid OSA and COVID-19 AE severity. Comorbid OSA could be a predisposing factor leading to severe COVID-19 AE and consecutive long-term sequalae.
Selective conversion of methanol to monocyclic aromatics via catalysis relay
Authors: Li Teng , Chung Sang-Ho , Ramirez Adrian , Wu Xiangkun , Yang Chaobo , Zhang Zihao , Wang Haoyi , Magnotti Gaetano , Sarathy S. Mani , Bodi Andras , Hemberger Patrick , Gascon Jorge , Ruiz-Martinez Javier 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The reliance on methanol as an alternative and sustainable source to produce monoaromatics is challenged by many side reactions. Although the strategy of intentionally incorporating a number of active functionalities (metals and acid sites) in individual catalyst particles can enhance product selectivity, it promotes undesired hydrogen-transfer reactions leading to paraffins and the formation of polyaromatic species causing catalyst deactivation. Here, we report a catalysis relay strategy to control the chemistry by activating methanol differently. Methanol is selectively converted to formaldehyde and light olefins, which follow Prins and Diels-Alder reactions to yield monoaromatics. High selectivity is achieved by the precise location of active sites of different nature in a reactor. The catalyst, which is a combination of inexpensive and commercial ZnO, HZSM-5 and a Zn-ion exchanged HZSM-5, achieves aromatic selectivities of 71.4% initially and above 40% after a 400-h test with full methanol conversion, showing potential for industrial application. In addition, monocyclic aromatics make up nearly all (99%) the liquid products, and BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylenes) account for 91% of monoaromatics, which is advantageous for product separation. This work provides a sound approach to balance product selectivity and catalyst stability via catalysis relay for complex heterogeneous catalytic processes.
WITHDRAWN: Trade engagement, economic growth, and institutional quality on environmental degradation for ASEAN-5 under the Green Belt-Road Initiative
Authors: Huang Di , Loganathan Nanthakumar , Subranmaniam Yogeeswari , Kogid Mori 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This study examines the impact of trade engagement with China and factors related to economic growth on environmental cleanness for ASEAN countries. This study uses panel cointegration, and causality test covering the period of 1996–2020 to determine the short and long-run relation, and the causality directions. The empirical findings indicate long-run cointegration between the explored variables, in which economic growth and financial development negatively affect environmental cleanness. On the contrary, the negative relationship shows that trade engagement with China, foreign direct investment (FDI) and the current institutional quality level can better promote environmental cleanness. This study also found that the EKC hypothesis existed when the ASEAN-5 pursued economic growth and the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) did not confirm both the aspects of trade engagement with China trade volume flows in the region facing inverted U-shape condition in the long-run period. There is unidirectional causality running between trade engagement, FDI and institutional quality with carbon emission; and a bidirectional causality running between GDP and financial development with carbon emission. Overall, the empirical findings of this study have contributed to valuable environmental policies in future to ensure that the ASEAN region develops with a sustainable environmental concern under the context of the green Belt-Road Initiative (BRI).
Grit and Academic Resilience During the Covid-19
Pandemic
Authors: Chen Daniel , Ertac Seda , Evgeniou Theodoros , Miao Xin , Nadaf Ali , Yilmaz Emrah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Grit, a non-cognitive skill that indicates perseverance and passion for long-term goals, has been shown to predict academic achievement. This paper provides evidence that grit also predicts student outcomes during the challenging period of the Covid-19 pandemic. We use a unique dataset from a digital learning platform in the United Arab Emirates to construct a behavioral measure of grit. We find that controlling for baseline ability, students who were grittier according to this measure before the pandemic, register lower declines in math and science scores during the coronavirus period. Using machine learning, behavioral data in the platform prior to the pandemic can explain 77% of the variance in academic resilience. A survey measure of grit of the same students, on the other hand, does not have significant predictive power over performance changes. Our findings have implications for interventions on non-cognitive skills, as well as how data from digital learning platforms can be used to predict student behavior and outcomes, which we expect will be increasingly relevant as AI-based learning technologies become more common.
Characteristics of the Oral and Gastric Microbiome in Patients with Early-stage Intramucosal Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Han , Jiang Xinzhou , Zhu Fengyi , Yang Ruoyun , Yu Xin , Zhou Xiaoying , Tang Nana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Oral microbiome dysbacteriosis has been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of advanced esophageal cancer, especially the adenocarcinoma type. However, few studies investigated the potential role of oral and gastric microbiota in early-stage intramucosal esophageal squamous carcinoma (EIESC).
Method
A total of 104 samples, including 52 paired salivae and biopsies of the gastric antrum, were collected from 31 patients with EIEEC and 21 healthy controls. The oral and gastric microbiota compositions were compared at different taxonomics, using the amplicon 16s-rRNA sequence. The correlation between oral microbiota and clinicopathological factors was assessed. Co-occurrence networks were established in both oral and gastric microbial communities. Random forest models were used to determine significant microbial biomarkers for differentiating EIESC and control groups.
Results
A total of 292 oral genera and 223 species (excluding unidentified species) were identified in both EIESC and healthy controls. Six oral genera were remarkably enriched in EIESC groups, including the genera Porphyromonas, Shigella, Subdoligranulum, Leptotrichia, Paludibacter, and Odoribacter. LEfSe analysis identified the genera Porphyromonas and Leptotrichia with LDA scores > 3. In the random forest model, Porphyromonas endodontalis ranked the top microbial biomarker to differentiate EIESC from controls. The elimination rate of Porphyromonas endodontalis from the oral cavity to the stomach was also dramatically decreased in the EIESC group than controls. In the microbial co-occurrence network, Porphyromonas endodontalis was positively correlated with Prevotella tannerae and Prevotella intermedia and was negatively correlated with Veillonella dispar.
Conclusion
Our study provides evidence that the dysbacteriosis of both the oral and gastric microbiome was associated with early-stage of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Larger scale studies and experimental animal models are urgently needed to confirm the possible role of microbial dysbacteriosis in the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer, especially at an early stage.
(Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Center, ChiCTR2200063464, Registered 07 September 2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=178563)
Signatures of necroptosis-related genes as diagnostic markers of endometriosis and their correlation with immune infiltration
Authors: Wang XueZhen , Zheng Qin , Sun Man , Zhang Huan , Ying WeiWei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Endometriosis (EMS) occurs when normal uterine tissue grows outside the uterus, causing chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriosis-associated infertility is thought to be caused by unknown mechanisms. In this study, using necroptosis-related genes, we developed and validated multi-gene joint signatures to diagnose EMS and explored their biological roles.
Methods:We downloaded two databases (GSE7305 and GSE1169) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and 630 necroptosis-related genes from the GeneCards database and the GSEA database. The limma package in R software was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We interleaved common differentially expressed genes (co-DEGs) and necroptosis-related genes (NRDEGs) in the endometriosis dataset. The DEGs functions were reflected by gene ontology analysis (GO), pathway enrichment analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). We used CIBERSORT to analyze immune microenvironment differences between EMS patients and controls. Furthermore, a correlation was found between necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes and infiltrating immune cells to understand the molecular immune mechanism better.
Results: Compared to the control group, this study revealed 10 NRDEGs in EMS. There are two types of immune cell infiltration abundance (activated NK cells and M2 macrophage) in these two datasets, and the correlation between different groups of samples is statistically significant (P<0.05). MYO6 has a high correlation with activated NK cells in two datasets consistently. HOOK1 has a high correlation with M2 Macrophages in two datasets consistently.
Conclusions: We identified 10 necroptosis-related genes in EMS and assessed their relationship to the immune microenvironment. MYO6 and HOOK1 may be novel biomarkers and treatment targets of the future.
Rejuvenation engineering in metallic glasses by complementary stress and structure modulation
Authors: Sopu Daniel , Spieckermann Florian , Fellner Simon , Wright Jonathan , Cordill Megan , Gammer Christoph , Wang Gang , Stoica Mihai , Eckert Jürgen , Bian Xilei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Residual stress engineering is very widely used in the design of new advanced lightweight materials. For metallic glasses the attention has been on structural changes and rejuvenation processes. High energy scanning X-ray diffraction strain mapping reveals large elastic fluctuations in notched metallic glasses after deformation under triaxial compression. Microindentation hardness mapping hints to a competing hardening-softening mechanism after compression and further reveals the complementary effects of stress and structure modulation. Transmission electron microscopy proves that structure modulation and the distribution of elastic heterogeneities under room temperature deformation relates to the shear band formation. Molecular dynamics simulations provide an atomistic understanding of the confined deformation mechanism in notched metallic glasses and the related fluctuations in the elastic and plastic strains. Thus, future focus should be given to stress modulation and elastic heterogeneity that together with structure modulation may allow to design metallic glasses with enhanced ductility and strain hardening ability.
Carbon emissions from urban takeaway delivery in China
Authors: Zhong Yiqiang , Bai Xuemei , Huang Wei , Liu Lingxuan , Zhu Rongxuan , Zhai Yuanxiao , Zhang Yin , Cui Shenghui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Online food delivery has become a popular mode of urban food consumption in China as its underlying business mechanism, Online To Offline (O2O), gaining popularity. However, the environmental impacts of a rapidly expanding online food delivery industry and its potential to mitigate environmental burdens remained unexplored in China. Our research found that Chinese cities generated 8.37 MtCO2-equivalent (CO2e) from 13.07 billion times of deliveries in 2019, including transport and packaging. The transportation-related GHG emissions were 7.45 MtCO2e in 2019, with an average of 0.057 kg CO2e per order and an average of 0.011 kg CO2e per capita. These emissions have surged from 1.55 MtCO2e in 2014 to 13.75 MtCO2e in 2021. We predict that this figure will increase further to 29.83 MtCO2e by 2035. However, with a range of policies such as replacing motorcycles with electric bikes and optimizing traffic routes, it is possible to mitigate such GHG emissions by 43.88 ~ 109.70 MtCO2e between 2023 and 2035. These findings highlight the need for further research into the environmental impact of online food delivery and the potential for mitigating it.
Robust Fixed-Time Cooperative Control for High-Order Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems via Event-Triggered Communication
Authors: Zhang JieRui , Zhang WeiLun , Xia Hongwei , Ma GuangCheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article presents a robust fixed-time cooperative control scheme for heterogeneous high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems under switching directed graphs. A fixed-time leader-states estimator with event-triggered communication is first designed to reconstruct the essential information since only a fraction of agents can access the leader. Subsequently, a disturbance observerbased fixed-time dynamic surface controller is developed with the estimated state from the leader. The fixed-time convergence of the whole closed-loop system is proved by Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, numerical simulations elucidate the validity of the theoretical result. The salient contributions of this article are twofold: the designed novel event-triggered mechanism can preset the boundaries of triggering intervals, which not only excludes Zeno behavior but also avoids no triggering within an exceedingly long time; and the requirement that mismatched disturbances or their derivatives are bounded is removed in the controller design, reducing the conservatism of the result.
Performance study of a 360° CZT camera for monitoring 177Lu-PSMA treatment
Authors: Vergnaud Laure , Badel Jean-Noël , Giraudet Anne-Laure , Kryza David , Mognetti Thomas , Baudier Thomas , Rida Hanan , Dieudonné Arnaud , Sarrut David 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the quantification performance of a 360° CZT camera for 177Lu-based treatment monitoring.
Methods: Three phantoms with known 177Lu activity concentrations were acquired: 1) a uniform cylindrical phantom for calibration, 2) a NEMA IEC body phantom for analysis of different-sized spheres to optimise quantification parameters, and 3) a phantom containing two large vials simulating organs at risk for tests Four sets of reconstruction parameters were tested: 1) Scatter, 2) Scatter and Point Spread Function Recovery (PSFR), 3) PSFR only and 4) Penalized likelihood option and Scatter, varying the number of updates (iterations × subsets) with CT based attenuation correction only. For each, activity concentration (ARC) and contrast recovery coefficients (CRC) were estimated as well as root mean square. Visualisation and quantification parameters were applied to reconstructed patient image data.
Results: Optimised quantification parameters were determined to be: CT-based attenuation correction, scatter correction, 12 iterations, 8 subsets and no filter. ARC, CRC and RMS results were dependant on the methodology used for calculations. Two different reconstruction parameters were recommended for visualisation and for quantification. 3D whole-body SPECT images were acquired and reconstructed for 177Lu-PSMA patients in 2-3 times faster than the time taken for a conventional gamma camera.
Conclusion: Quantification of whole-body 3D images of patients treated with 177Lu-PSMA is feasible and an optimised set of parameters has been determined. This camera greatly reduces procedure time whilst providing a final 3D whole-body image.
Ethnic, geographical, altitude considerations and maternal mortality on HELLP syndrome in Ecuador: a population-based cohort study.
Authors: Coral-Almeida Marco , Sánchez María Eugenia , Henríquez-Trujillo Aquiles R. , Barriga-Burgos María , Alarcón-Moyano Evelyn , Tejera Eduardo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives : We evaluated the incidence of elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome, risk factors and maternal mortality in Ecuador.
Design : A retrospective population-based cohort study
Setting : Ecuador from 2015-2017.
Population : All deliveries in hospital from 2015-2017 in Ecuador. Data from Ecuadorian National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) and the Ecuadorian Ministry of Health.
Methods : HELLP syndrome cases were identified by ICD-10 code in all hospitalized individuals. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the relationship between HELLP syndrome and the variable of interest. Geospatial statistical analysis by cantons was done to identify statistical significant spatial clusters.
Main outcome measures : HELLP syndrome incidence and maternal mortality.
Results : The incidence of HELLP syndrome is 0.76 (0.69-0.84)/ 1000 deliveries. Afro-Ecuadorian communities shown a higher risk OR=2.18 (1.03-4.63) compared to Native Ecuadorian communities. Middle and high altitude have a significant risk factor OR=2.79 (2.19-3.55) and OR=3.61 (2.58-5.03). Older maternal age was also identified as risk factors. Women living more than 20km from the obstetric unit have an OR=2.55 (2.05-3.18). Moreover, we found that cantons with higher crude HELLP syndrome incidence also have lower number of physicians (R=0.503, p-value <0.001). The mortality incidence of women with HELLP syndrome is 21.22 (12.05-20.59)/1000 deliveries with HELLP syndrome diagnoses.
Conclusions : High altitude, advanced maternal age as well as geographical distance between residence and attention units are risk factors for HELLP syndrome. Maternal mortality in women with HELLP syndrome is higher than preeclampsia and eclampsia but comparable with previous reports in other countries.
Funding : The study was funded by Universidad de Las Américas, Quito. Ecuador. Fund reference: VET.MCA.21.01.
Function analysis of transcription factor OSR1 regulating osmotic stress resistance in maize
Authors: wang pengtao , Han Hongpeng , Wu Wenqiang , Hou Huijiao , Zhang Mingli , Guo Aiyu , Zhou Yusen , Liu Jiong , Li Kaiwen , Bai Shenglong , Li Baozhu , Li Zhi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAims:Maize is a major cereal crop worldwide, however, the yields are frequently limited by dehydration and even death of plants, which resulted from osmotic stress such as drought and salinity. The main objective of plant stress biology research is to identify important agricultural traits or genes linked with stress responses that can be useful in the development of stress tolerance crop plants.Methods:The candidateOSR1gene was identified by map-based cloning. The expression level of OSR1 was verified by qRT-PCR and digital PCR in WT andosr1mutant. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay, transactivation activity assay, subcellular localization, transcriptome analysis and physiological characters measurements were conducted to analysis the function OSR1 in osmotic stress resistance in maize.Results:The maize mutantosr1that was not sensitive to osmotic stress and displayed stronger water-holding capacity, and theOSR1homologous mutant inArabidopsisshowed a phenotype similar with maizeosr1. 1599 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between WT andosr1under osmotic stress by transcriptome analysis, among which the downregulated genes of ABA-related PP2Cs inosr1may contribute to osmotic stress resistance.Conclusions:OSR1may serve as a negative regulatory factor that affects the ABA-mediated signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress in maize. The present study sheds new light on the molecular mechanisms of osmotic stress in maize.
Application of the ABCDE method by residents in clinical practice: a prospective observational study
Authors: Westerman D. , Bosschee J.G.A. , de Maat J. , Niet A.G. van der , Frèrejean J. , Merriënboer J.J.G. van , Stassen P.M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The ABCDE method is used to identify and treat life-threatening problems of emergency department (ED) patients. How often and how residents apply the ABCDE method in clinical practice is not extensively investigated. This study aimed to investigate the number and quality of ABCDE method applications in the ED.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, we observed residents during 3 phases in which residents were either unaware (blind phases 1 and 3) or aware (open phase 2) of the observational aims. The number and quality of ABCDE method applications was scored. Quality was measured using several scores, including the Completeness Score (0-100%) and Competency Scale (1-7).
Results: We analysed 103 ED patient assessments in an 8-week period. The ABCDE method was applied in 35.9% of patients and when applied, the method was 72.9% complete.
The ABCDE method was applied more often when patients were triaged as very urgent than when triaged as less urgent (63.2% vs. 29.8%, p=0.008). When residents were openly observed, the method was applied more often than in blind phase 1 (57.1% vs.17.0%, OR 6.3 (95% CI: 2.1-19.0), p=0.001), more completely (79.5% vs. 67.0%, p=0.015), and with higher scores on the Competency Scale (6.0 vs.5.3, p=0.001).
Conclusions: Residents apply the ABCDE method in one third of patients in the ED, and more often when being aware of the observation. In addition, the quality was better when being aware of the observation. Awareness of being observed and the severity of illness were triggers to apply the ABCDE method.