bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of antagonistic biparatopic anti-CD30 antibody from an agonistic antibody by precise epitope determination and utilization of structural characteristics of CD30 molecule
Authors: Akiba Hiroki , Ise Tomoko , Satoh Reiko , Abe Yasuhiro , Tsumoto Kouhei , Ohno Hiroaki , Kamada Haruhiko , Nagata Satoshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
CD30 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Recently, blocking CD30-dependent intracellular signaling has emerged as potential strategy for immunological regulation. Development of antibody-based CD30 antagonists is therefore of significant interest. However, a key challenge is that the bivalent form of natural antibody can crosslink CD30 molecules, leading to signal transduction even in the absence of specific ligand, CD153. Biparatopic antibodies (BpAbs) offer a solution, using two different variable fragments (Fvs) to bind distinct epitopes on a single antigen molecule. BpAbs format is an attractive alternative of natural antibody by potentially avoiding unwanted crosslinking and signaling induction.

Methods
We systematically characterized 36 BpAbs, each designed with pairs of Fvs binding to nine distinct epitopes across the CD30 extracellular domain. We first identified the precise epitope sites of the nine antibodies by assessing the binding to multiple orthologous CD30 proteins and mutants. We then produced the 36 BpAbs and analyzed their biological activities and binding modes.

Results
Among 36 BpAbs, we identified both potent ligand-independent agonists and ligand-blocking antagonists, with many displayed reduced signal activation, including 1:1-binding antagonists derived from AC10, a strong agonist developed for lymphoma therapy. Epitope dependency in reduced signaling activity was observed and associated with the flexible nature of CD30 protein.

Conclusions
We successfully developed antagonistic BpAbs against CD30 by controlling the stoichiometry of antibody–antigen binding mode. This study elucidated the mechanism of signaling induction, informing the design strategies of the development of biparatopic antibodies.
Conservation genomics within government led conservation planning: an Australian case study exploring cost and benefit for threatened flora
Authors: Doyle Chantelle A T , Cascini Manuela , Yap Jia-Yee Samantha , Matthews Hannah , Hogbin Patricia M , Wilson Trevor C , Mahon Erica , Brown Dianne , Mulcahy Aaron , Brown Rachel , Rossetto Maurizio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The importance of conserving plant genetic diversity has been recognised since the 1980’s, but genetic research tools for improving conservation remain largely absent from standard planning. Using an Australian case study framework of the New South Wales Government’s Saving our Species program, we outline the costs and benefits associated with conducting genomic analysis within a conservation strategy to inform for example, taxonomic resolution, targeted monitoring, translocations and ex situ collections. Despite a reported sentiment that costs are prohibitive, our study identified that where genetics reports have been provided (32 to date), the cost of genetic sampling, analysis and advice is less than 10% of the total Government investment (SoS program) and will continue decreasing proportionally throughout the years as other management occurs. We identified the largest Government investment was for maintenance and monitoring actions. On-ground practitioner feedback from the reports identified that the main reason for requesting genetics was to inform translocation or ex situ collection. However, from the total of two hundred and sixty-nine plant species with translocation or ex situ conservation actions planned, 75.4% still do not have provisions for genomics, suggesting that knowledge of the utility of this practice is low among practitioners. Responsive feedback also demonstrated that 90% of respondents seek additional learning, thus there is merit in providing future genomics focused workshops.
Exploring common and distinct neural basis of procrastination and impulsivity through elastic net regression
Authors: Yin Yao , Su Ti , Wang Xueke , Hu Bowen , Zhang Rong , Zhou Feng , Feng Tingyong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Prior work highlighted that procrastination and impulsivity shared a common neuroanatomical basis in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, implying a tight relationship between these traits. However, theorists hold that procrastination is motivated by avoiding aversiveness, while impulsivity is driven by approaching immediate pleasure. Hence, exploring the common and distinct neural basis underlying procrastination and impulsivity through functional neuroimaging becomes imperative. To address this, we employed elastic net regression to examine the links between whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity and these traits in 822 university students from China. Results showed that the functional connections between the default network and the visual network were positively associated with both traits, indicating that the dysfunction of higher-order cognition (eg self-control) may account for their tight relationship. A distinct neural basis was also identified: Procrastination was negatively associated with functional connections between the frontal-parietal network and the ventral-attention network and between the cingular-opercular network and the subcortical network. In contrast, connections between the default network and the somato-motor network were negatively associated with impulsivity. These findings suggest that procrastination may be rooted in emotion-regulation deficits, while impulsivity may be rooted in reward-processing deficits. This deeper understanding of their neural basis provides insights for developing targeted interventions.
Analysing technical change with heterodox price theories
Authors: Bloch Harry 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Elements of price theory from Schumpeterian, Sraffian and post-Keynesian economics are combined to analyse the impact of labour-saving technical change on prices. The resulting synthesis incorporates the realism of post-Keynesian pricing rules and the emphasis on long-period analysis by Sraffa along with Schumpeter’s insight that capitalism develops ‘from within’ in a disruptive and uneven manner through innovations. Applying elements from heterodox theories to analyse the relationship between technical change and the movement of prices demonstrates the fruitfulness of heterodox price theory in understanding the development of modern capitalist economies.
The Relationships between Subjective Wellbeing and Frailty: Staying with a Positive Mind, Stepping away from Accelerated Aging
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Cai Wenjie , Wittenberg Eve , Kim Dae Hyun , Bloom David E , Kubzansky Laura D , Seligman Benjamin J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Subjective wellbeing (SWB) is a crucial measure of life quality in older adults. Understanding its relationship with frailty may inform strategies to promote healthy aging.

Methods
We analyzed data for older adults aged ≥ 60 years old from Waves 3 and 4 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. SWB was measured based on participants’ self-reported overall satisfaction with life. A frailty index was developed using the deficit accumulation approach. We conducted a cross-sectional Poisson regression to investigate the relationship between SWB and counts of frailty deficits. Additionally, we conducted a longitudinal analysis to determine the three-year relative risk of clinically significant frailty progression or mortality for different levels of SWB. The analyses were adjusted for individual weights, including adjustments for household nonresponse.

Results
The cross-sectional analysis included 9,702 individuals. After adjusting for covariates, lower baseline life satisfaction was associated with higher counts of frailty deficits (mean deficit counts ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.66 [1.54, 1.78] for “not satisfied” and 1.06 [1.02, 1.10] for “somewhat satisfied” relative to the reference “very satisfied”). The longitudinal analysis included 8,599 individuals. Participants who were “not satisfied” with life at baseline were at a greater risk of frailty progression compared with those who were “very satisfied” (risk ratio: 1.16 [1.00, 1.35]).

Conclusion
Our study finds that a lower level of SWB is associated with more severe frailty. It is also associated with frailty progression or death. These results emphasize that both psychological wellbeing and physical health are essential components of healthy aging.
Should the Unified Patent Court Set FRAND Terms?
Authors: Meier-Beck Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Matthias Leistner recently addressed the question of how the Unified Patent Court should implement the decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in Huawei v. ZTE in patent infringement proceedings involving a FRAND defence (GRUR Patent 2024, 327). In this context, he takes the view that the Unified Patent Court could and should – like the English courts – determine the terms of a FRAND licence agreement in the case of mutually ‘willing’ parties who are neither able to agree on the terms of such an agreement nor willing to accept a binding provision and its modalities by an arbitration tribunal or a third party. This article attempts to shed light on the prerequisites and limits of such a judicial FRAND determination.
Guidance for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Trials in Ulcerative Colitis: The Second ROME Consensus Conference
Authors: Lopetuso Loris R , Deleu Sara , Puca Pierluigi , Abreu Maria Teresa , Armuzzi Alessandro , Barbara Giovanni , Caprioli Flavio , Chieng Siew , Costello Samuel Paul , Damiani Andrea , Danese Silvio , Del Chierico Federica , D’Haens Geert , Dotan Iris , Facciotti Federica , Falony Gwen , Fantini Massimo Claudio , Fiorino Gionata , Gionchetti Paolo , Godny Lihi , Hart Ailsa , Kupčinskas Juozas , Iqbal Tariq , Laterza Lucrezia , Lombardini Letizia , Maharshak Nitsan , Marasco Giovanni , Masucci Luca , Papa Alfredo , Paramsothy Sudarshan , Petito Valentina , Piovani Daniele , Pugliese Daniela , Putignani Lorenza , Raes Jeroen , Ribaldone Davide Giuseppe , Sanguinetti Maurizio , Savarino Edoardo Vincenzo , Sokol Harry , Vetrano Stefania , Ianiro Gianluca , Cammarota Giovanni , Cominelli Fabio , Pizarro Theresa T , Tilg Herbert , Gasbarrini Antonio , Vermeire Severine , Scaldaferri Franco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is emerging as a potential treatment modality for individuals living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite its promise, the effectiveness of FMT for treating IBD, particularly for ulcerative colitis (UC), still requires thorough clinical investigation. Notwithstanding differences in methodologies, current studies demonstrate its potential for inducing remission in UC patients. Therefore, standardized and robust randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are needed to further support its efficacy for managing UC. The aim of the second Rome Consensus Conference was to address gaps and uncertainties identified in previous research regarding FMT and to offer a robust framework for future studies applied to the treatment of UC.

Methods
Global experts in the field of clinical IBD, mucosal immunology, and microbiology (N = 48) gathered to address the need for standardized clinical trials in FMT investigation. The group focused on key issues, such as stool donation, donor selection, characterization of fecal biomass, potential administration routes, as well as the process of induction, maintenance, and endpoint readouts.

Results and Conclusions
The consensus achieved during this conference established standardization of methods and protocols to enhance the current quality of research, with the aim of eventual implementation of FMT in managing UC and the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes.
Sesamin targets ClpP which attenuates virulence of S. aureus and protects mice from fatal pneumonia induced by MRSA
Authors: Wen Yu , Wu Duogeng , Zhang Luxin , Ma Shuxia , Lv Chao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study was to identify sesamin as a Casein hydrolase P (ClpP) inhibitor and to determine whether it could attenuate the virulence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Methods and results
Through fluorescence resonance energy transfer screening, a natural compound sesamin demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on ClpP enzyme activity with an IC50 of 20.62 μg/ml. Sesamin suppressed the expression of virulence factors of MRSA such as α-hemolysin (Hla) and Panton–Valentine leucocidin by protein immunoblotting. Thermal shift assay and cellular thermal shift assay showed that sesamin could bind to ClpP and enhance the thermal stability of ClpP. Furthermore, the binding affinity between sesamin and ClpP was determined by surface plasmon resonance with a KD value of 7.18 × 10−6 M. Molecular docking, dynamics simulations and point mutation analysis confirmed the stability of the sesamin-ClpP complex with a −10.184 kcal/mol total binding energy and identified PHE-174 in ClpP as a key binding site. In mice pneumonia model, sesamin combined vancomycin treatment markedly reduced the pathogenicity of MRSA-infected mice, offering protection against fatal lung infections.

Conclusions
Overall, these findings validate sesamin as a promising compound that targets ClpP, reducing virulence factor expression, that holds potential as a hit compound against MRSA infections.
Global pressure measurements in a transonic convex model with VGs
Authors: Chen Chao-Yu , Wang Chia-Ching , Huang Chih-Yung , Chung Kung-Ming 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
This study experimentally investigated the global pressure distribution on a transonic convex corner model by using pressure-sensitive paint (PSP). Vortex generators (VGs) of different heights—0.0, 0.2 or 1.0 relative to the height of the turbulent boundary layer thickness—were employed under transonic flow conditions of Mach 0.83 and 0.89. Temperature-sensitive paint was applied to obtain data for correcting the PSP measurements. Our results indicated that a generator height of 0.2 is optimal for delaying separation, whereas a height of 1.0 can induce parasitic drag. The temperature-corrected PSP data agreed well with the measurements using Kulite pressure transducers, emphasizing the ability of PSP to provide two-dimensional pressure distributions and reveal low-pressure regions from pair vortex traces. The PSP measurements effectively illustrated the upwash and downwash around VGs, highlighting the high spatial resolution of PSP data in global flow visualization.
Two-phase rejective sampling and its asymptotic properties
Authors: Yang Shu , Ding Peng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rejective sampling improves design and estimation efficiency of single-phase sampling when auxiliary information in a finite population is available. When such auxiliary information is unavailable, we propose to use two-phase rejective sampling (TPRS), which involves measuring auxiliary variables for the sample of units in the first phase, followed by the implementation of rejective sampling for the outcome in the second phase. We explore the asymptotic design properties of double expansion and regression estimators under TPRS. We show that TPRS enhances the efficiency of the double-expansion estimator, rendering it comparable to a regression estimator. We further refine the design to accommodate varying importance of covariates and extend it to multi-phase sampling. We start with the theory for the population mean and then extend the theory to parameters defined by general estimating equations. Our asymptotic results for TPRS immediately cover the existing single-phase rejective sampling, under which the asymptotic theory has not been fully established.
Commodified by displacement: the effects of forced displacement on Syrian refugee women in Lebanon’s agricultural sector
Authors: Nassar Jessy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In an effort to contribute to an emergent body of ethnographic work addressing the labour economy of forced displacement and the contribution of women refugee-labour more precisely, the article uses the case-study of Syrian refugee women in Lebanon’s agriculture to uncover how forced displacement has contributed to the exploitation of an already-commodified, invisible, and migrantized workforce. While there is an established and diverse body of literature that investigates female labour invisibility in agriculture (on the one hand), and the relationship between labour commodification and agriculture (on the other hand), less discussed is the relationship between forced displacement and female labour commodification. Based on ethnographic research including interviews and participant observations conducted between May 2018 and September 2019 in Lebanon’s Bekaa valley, this article demonstrates how refugee-labourers are subjected to various tactics and instruments of labour coercion, which affect their decision-making power in both the work sphere and the domestic sphere, reinforcing their invisibility as cheap labour and docile refugees. A closer investigation into the labour dynamics on site yet reveals a much more complex reality where women engage in various acts of negotiations by making instrumental use of their femaleness. Notwithstanding the situation of forced displacement, the conditions facing the case of these female refugee-labourers mirrors more broadly the structural problems inherent to contracted labour regimes in corporatized sectors like agriculture.
How to Be a Prudential Expressivist
Authors: Brown James L D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper examines the prospects for an expressivist theory of prudential thought and discussion, or thought and discussion about what is good for us or what makes our lives go well. It is becoming increasingly common to view prudential thought and discussion as a kind of normative thought and discussion. If this is right, then expressivism, like any other meta-normative view, must be able to explain prudential thought and discussion. However, existing expressivist theories offer no such explanation and lack the resources to construct one. I argue that the best strategy for expressivists is to adopt a fitting attitudes account of prudential concepts. More specifically, I propose that expressivists adopt the rational care theory of well-being, according to which claims about what is good for a person are equivalent to claims about what it is rational to want for that person insofar as one cares for them. In doing so, I defend the rational care theory against its most pressing objection and argue that the view provides an independently attractive account of prudential thought and discussion that fits well with the expressivist’s aim to explain normative thought and discussion in terms of its distinctive practical function.
The morphologies of outburst light curves of black hole X-ray transients as telltale signs of disc instability evolution
Authors: Saraswati T A , Vierdayanti K , Premadi P W 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
We present a comprehensive spectral and timing analysis of 15 outbursts and 18 mini-outbursts from nine dynamically confirmed black hole X-ray transients with light curve and spectral data from RXTE, MAXI, and NuSTAR obtained from 1996 to 2024. Departed from the canonical fast-rise exponential decay (FRED) morphology, the most common morphology within our sample is triangular with similar rise and decay time-scale. In most outbursts, the spectral evolutions indicate the presence of limit-cycle instability, as predicted by the disc instability model (DIM). Even though almost all of the outbursts showed a similar canonical pattern, unique transition patterns are found in FRED outbursts. On the other hand, no spectral transition is found in any mini-outburst, which was observed in either hard or thermal-dominant (TD) state only. The Fe K $\alpha$ emission line is the most prominent feature in the hard state of the rising phase but none is found in the decay phase. Triangular outbursts are always in transition to the TD state, following a standard accretion disc, before the peak proceeds to match DIM prediction. This is unlike the FRED outburst which directly transitioned to the steep power law (SPL) state or high Eddington ratio TD state, resembling a slim accretion disc. Non-canonical spectral evolution as well as the rarity of FRED outburst in our sample, seem to add more challenges for DIM. Studying the morphology of outburst light curve may reveal more clues on the evolution of the disc instability at least during the time relevant to the burst.
Unveiling the Public Service Identity: Rethinking Public Service Motivation Through Social Identity
Authors: Ripoll Guillem , Breaugh Jessica 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Over the past three decades, a substantial body of research has examined the concept of public service motivation (PSM). While this research has been coherent and incremental, there remains a need to refine its conceptualization. Built on previous research, this article addresses this gap by proposing a “new” conceptualization of PSM grounded in social identity theory (SIT). We argue PSM should be viewed as a public service identity (PSI) comprising of two key social identity components: the degree of identification and salience of this PSI. Drawing on SIT, self-determination theory, and social categorization theory, we develop a framework that explains how these identity-based factors shape the expression of PSI. Specifically, we propose that the strength of an individual’s identification with the public service role, as well as the situational salience of this identity, influence motivational drivers and behavioral outcomes. The article concludes by outlining concrete research directions and methodological approaches to empirically test and further develop this social identity-based model of PSI. This refined conceptualization has important implications for advancing theory and research, as well as informing public sector recruitment, training, and management practices.
The Earnings and Labor Supply of U.S. Physicians
Authors: Gottlieb Joshua D , Polyakova Maria , Rinz Kevin , Shiplett Hugh , Udalova Victoria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Is government guiding the invisible hand at the top of the labor market? We use new administrative data to measure physicians’ earnings and estimate the influence of health care policies on these earnings, physicians’ labor supply, and the allocation of talent. Combining the administrative registry of U.S. physicians with tax data, Medicare billing records, and survey responses, we find that physicians’ annual earnings average $350,000 and make up 8.6% of national health care spending. Business income makes up one-quarter of earnings and is systematically underreported in survey data. Earnings increase steeply early in the career, and there are major differences across specialties, regions, and firm sizes. The geographic pattern of earnings is unusual compared with other workers. We argue that these patterns reflect policy choices to subsidize demand for physician care, amplified by restrictions on physician entry, especially in certain specialties. Health policy has a major impact on the margin: 25% of physician fee revenue driven by Medicare reimbursements accrues to physicians personally. Physicians earn 8% of public money spent on insurance expansion. These policies in turn affect the type and quantity of medical care physicians supply, retirement timing, and the allocation of talent across specialties.