bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic linear convergence of fully-corrective generalized conditional gradient methods
Authors: Bredies Kristian , Carioni Marcello , Fanzon Silvio , Walter Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe proposea fully-corrective generalized conditional gradient method(FC-GCG) for the minimization of the sum of a smooth, convex loss function and a convex one-homogeneous regularizer over a Banach space. The algorithm relies on the mutual update of a finite set $$\mathcal {A}_k$$Akof extremal points of the unit ball of the regularizer and of an iterate $$u_k \in {\text {cone}}(\mathcal {A}_k)$$uk∈cone(Ak). Each iteration requires the solution of one linear problem to update $$\mathcal {A}_k$$Akand of one finite dimensional convex minimization problem to update the iterate. Under standard hypotheses on the minimization problem we show that the algorithm converges sublinearly to a solution. Subsequently, imposing additional assumptions on the associated dual variables, this is improved to a linear rate of convergence. The proof of both results relies on two key observations: First, we prove the equivalence of the considered problem to the minimization of a lifted functional over a particular space of Radon measures using Choquet’s theorem. Second, the FC-GCG algorithm is connected to aPrimal-Dual-Active-Point methodon the lifted problem for which we finally derive the desired convergence rates.
The role of rationality in integer-programming relaxations
Authors: Aprile Manuel , Averkov Gennadiy , Di Summa Marco , Hojny Christopher 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor a finite set $$X \subset \mathbb {Z}^d$$

X
⊂

Z

d

that can be represented as $$X = Q \cap \mathbb {Z}^d$$

X
=
Q
∩

Z

d

for some polyhedron Q, we call Q a relaxation of X and define the relaxation complexity $${\text {rc}}(X)$$

rc
(
X
)

of X as the least number of facets among all possible relaxations Q of X. The rational relaxation complexity $${\text {rc}}_\mathbb {Q}(X)$$

rc
Q

(
X
)

restricts the definition of $${\text {rc}}(X)$$

rc
(
X
)

to rational polyhedra Q. In this article, we focus on $$X = \Delta _d$$

X
=

Δ
d

, the vertex set of the standard simplex, which consists of the null vector and the standard unit vectors in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

. We show that $${\text {rc}}(\Delta _d) \le d$$

rc
(

Δ
d

)
≤
d

for every $$d \ge 5$$

d
≥
5

. That is, since $${\text {rc}}_\mathbb {Q}(\Delta _d)=d+1$$

rc
Q

(

Δ
d

)

=
d
+
1

, irrationality can reduce the minimal size of relaxations. This answers an open question posed by Kaibel and Weltge (Math Program 154(1):407–425, 2015). Moreover, we prove the asymptotic statement $${\text {rc}}(\Delta _d) \in O(\nicefrac {d}{\sqrt{\log (d)}})$$

rc

(

Δ
d

)

∈
O

(

d

log
(
d
)

)

, which shows that the ratio $$\nicefrac {{\text {rc}}(\Delta _d)}{{\text {rc}}_\mathbb {Q}(\Delta _d)}$$

rc
(

Δ
d

)

rc
Q

(

Δ
d

)

goes to 0, as $$d \rightarrow \infty $$

d
→
∞

.
Combined petrosal approach: a systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical complications
Authors: Giammattei L. , Starnoni D. , Peters D. , George M. , Messerer M. , Daniel R. T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTranspetrosal approaches are known to be associated with a significant risk of complications, including CSF leak, facial palsy, hearing impairment, venous injury, and/or temporal lobe injury. We aimed to evaluate the morbidity of the standard combined petrosal approach (CPA), defined as a combination of the posterior (retrolabyrinthine) and the anterior petrosal approach. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles reporting on clinical series of patients operated on for petroclival meningiomas through CPA. Studies that used the terminology “combined petrosal approach” without matching the aforementioned definition were excluded as well as clinical series that included less than 5 patients. A total of 8 studies were included involving 160 patients. The pooled complication rates were 3% (95% CI, 0.5–5.6) for CSF leak, 8.6% (95% CI, 4.1–13.2%) for facial palsy, 8.2% (95% CI, 3.9–12.6%) for hearing impairment, 2.8% (95% CI, 0.9–6.5%) for venous complications, and finally 4.8% (95%, 1.2–8.4%) for temporal lobe injury. Contrary to the general belief, CPA is associated with an acceptable rate of complications, especially when compared to alternative approaches to the petroclival area. In view of the major advantages like shorter trajectory, multiple angles of surgical attack, and early tumor devascularization, CPA remains an important tool in the armamentarium of the skull base surgeon.
Enhancement of CO2 adsorption on activated carbons produced from avocado seeds by combined solvothermal carbonization and thermal KOH activation
Authors: Siemak Joanna , Michalkiewicz Beata 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA new strategy for ultramicroporous activated carbons production from avocado seeds was developed. Combined solvothermal carbonization and thermal KOH activation were conducted. Solvothermal carbonizations were performed in a stainless-steel autoclave lined with Teflon at the temperature of 180 °C for 12 h in three different liquids (water, methanol, isopropyl alcohol). Chars were activated by KOH. The carbonization combined with activation took place in the oven at 850 °C for 1 h. All the samples were very good CO2 sorbents. The highest CO2 adsorption at a pressure of 1 bar was achieved for activated carbon produced using isopropanol. The best carbon dioxide adsorption was equal to 6.47 mmol/g at 0 °C and 4.35 mmol/g at 20 °C.
Non-invasive Assessment of Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension
Authors: Brol Maximilian Joseph , Gödiker Juliana , Uschner Frank Erhard , Praktiknjo Michael , Trebicka Jonel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) is a serious clinical condition causing decompensation and potentially fatal complications especially in the presence of advanced liver disease. This article aims to critically review the current literature on non-invasive assessment of CSPH.

Recent Findings
The Baveno VII consensus encouraged non-invasive assessment of CSPH to identify patients at risk and avoid unnecessary screening endoscopies. Novel machine learning and omics-based laboratory scores have been introduced, which can be combined with liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) is an increasingly used novel elastography modality. Elastography and cross-sectional imaging methods have reached similar predictive power, while the accuracy of non-invasive tests can only be improved when used sequentially.

Summary
In this review, we provide a detailed discussion of advantages and limitations of non-invasive assessment of CSPH, highlighting their diagnostic accuracy, reproducibility, and feasibility in clinical practice.
Determining the transformative potential of circular agriculture initiatives
Authors: Silvius Jelle , Hoogstra Anne G. , Candel Jeroen J. L. , de Olde Evelien M. , de Boer Imke J. M. , Termeer Catrien J. A. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolicymakers and scientists regard emerging circular initiatives as levers for transformations towards more sustainable food systems. However, it remains unclear how to determine the extent to which circular initiatives have transformative potential. That is, can these initiatives foster a transformation as a result of how they currently bring circularity into practice? In the transformation literature, the characteristics of transformative initiatives are conceptualised in a generic and abstract way. To address this gap, we develop a heuristic of five characteristics for potentially transformative circular agriculture initiatives, which we illustrate with examples of existing initiatives. The heuristic builds on the ‘small wins’ and circular agriculture literature. Initiatives that hold transformative potential contribute to circular agriculture principles with outcomes that are concrete, in-depth and both technological and social in nature. Additionally, these initiatives faced barriers and overcame them. The heuristic enables policymakers, who call for circular solutions, to identify truly transformative circular initiatives.
Hydrogeochemical characterization of ground and surface water in the eastern part of the Adamawa-Yade domain, Bertoua-Cameroon
Authors: Menti Agbor Nelson , Wotany Egome Regina , Christopher Agyingi , Wirmvem Menjo Jude , Ngai Nfor Jude 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGroundwater and surface water are major sources of water supply to the inhabitants of Bertoua. Hydrogeochemical study conducted in the study area aimed at identifying the processes that control the chemistry of groundwater sources and to examine the quality of the water sources for domestic and agricultural purposes. Fifty water samples were collected from boreholes, open wells, springs, and rivers within the study area in January 2022 (the dry season). The samples were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and major ions. The water samples were acidic with 94% of pH values less than 6.5. The EC varied from 21 to 776 µS/cm and TDS (8.5–388 mg/l). The low EC and TDS indicate low mineralization and fresh water. The relative abundance of major ions (meg/l) was Ca2+> Mg2+> K+>Na+ for cations and $${\text{H}\text{C}\text{O}}_{3}^{-}$$

HCO

3

-

>Cl−>NO3−>SO42− for anions. These major ions concentrations were low and within the WHO guideline values for drinking water. From Piper diagram three water facies were observed; Ca-SO4, Ca-HCO3 and mixed Ca-Mg-Cl. Rock-water interaction, ion exchange, silicate weathering and anthropogenic activities were the processes responsible for the groundwater chemistry with some minor evaporative effects. Based on Sodium Adsorption Ratio and Residual Sodium Bicarbonate all samples fall in the excellent category for agriculture.
Mesoporous multimetallic nanospheres with exposed highly entropic alloy sites
Authors: Kang Yunqing , Cretu Ovidiu , Kikkawa Jun , Kimoto Koji , Nara Hiroki , Nugraha Asep Sugih , Kawamoto Hiroki , Eguchi Miharu , Liao Ting , Sun Ziqi , Asahi Toru , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMultimetallic alloys (MMAs) with various compositions enrich the materials library with increasing diversity and have received much attention in catalysis applications. However, precisely shaping MMAs in mesoporous nanostructures and mapping the distributions of multiple elements remain big challenge due to the different reduction kinetics of various metal precursors and the complexity of crystal growth. Here we design a one-pot wet-chemical reduction approach to synthesize core–shell motif PtPdRhRuCu mesoporous nanospheres (PtPdRhRuCu MMNs) using a diblock copolymer as the soft template. The PtPdRhRuCu MMNs feature adjustable compositions and exposed porous structures rich in highly entropic alloy sites. The formation processes of the mesoporous structures and the reduction and growth kinetics of different metal precursors of PtPdRhRuCu MMNs are revealed. The PtPdRhRuCu MMNs exhibit robust electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activities and low overpotentials of 10, 13, and 28 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline (1.0 M KOH), acidic (0.5 M H2SO4), and neutral (1.0 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS)) electrolytes, respectively. The accelerated kinetics of the HER in PtPdRhRuCu MMNs are derived from multiple compositions with synergistic interactions among various metal sites and mesoporous structures with excellent mass/electron transportation characteristics.
Crosstalk between regulatory elements in disordered TRPV4 N-terminus modulates lipid-dependent channel activity
Authors: Goretzki Benedikt , Wiedemann Christoph , McCray Brett A. , Schäfer Stefan L. , Jansen Jasmin , Tebbe Frederike , Mitrovic Sarah-Ana , Nöth Julia , Cabezudo Ainara Claveras , Donohue Jack K. , Jeffries Cy M. , Steinchen Wieland , Stengel Florian , Sumner Charlotte J. , Hummer Gerhard , Hellmich Ute A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are essential for membrane receptor regulation but often remain unresolved in structural studies. TRPV4, a member of the TRP vanilloid channel family involved in thermo- and osmosensation, has a large N-terminal IDR of approximately 150 amino acids. With an integrated structural biology approach, we analyze the structural ensemble of the TRPV4 IDR and the network of antagonistic regulatory elements it encodes. These modulate channel activity in a hierarchical lipid-dependent manner through transient long-range interactions. A highly conserved autoinhibitory patch acts as a master regulator by competing with PIP2 binding to attenuate channel activity. Molecular dynamics simulations show that loss of the interaction between the PIP2-binding site and the membrane reduces the force exerted by the IDR on the structured core of TRPV4. This work demonstrates that IDR structural dynamics are coupled to TRPV4 activity and highlights the importance of IDRs for TRP channel function and regulation.
Biophysical ordering transitions underlie genome 3D re-organization during cricket spermiogenesis
Authors: Orsi Guillermo A. , Tortora Maxime M. C. , Horard Béatrice , Baas Dominique , Kleman Jean-Philippe , Bucevičius Jonas , Lukinavičius Gražvydas , Jost Daniel , Loppin Benjamin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpermiogenesis is a radical process of differentiation whereby sperm cells acquire a compact and specialized morphology to cope with the constraints of sexual reproduction while preserving their main cargo, an intact copy of the paternal genome. In animals, this often involves the replacement of most histones by sperm-specific nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs). Yet, how the SNBP-structured genome achieves compaction and accommodates shaping remain largely unknown. Here, we exploit confocal, electron and super-resolution microscopy, coupled with polymer modeling to identify the higher-order architecture of sperm chromatin in the needle-shaped nucleus of the emerging model cricketGryllus bimaculatus. Accompanying spermatid differentiation, the SNBP-based genome is strikingly reorganized as ~25nm-thick fibers orderly coiled along the elongated nucleus axis. This chromatin spool is further found to achieve large-scale helical twisting in the final stages of spermiogenesis, favoring its ultracompaction. We reveal that these dramatic transitions may be recapitulated by a surprisingly simple biophysical principle based on a nucleated rigidification of chromatin linked to the histone-to-SNBP transition within a confined nuclear space. Our work highlights a unique, liquid crystal-like mode of higher-order genome organization in ultracompact cricket sperm, and establishes a multidisciplinary methodological framework to explore the diversity of non-canonical modes of DNA organization.
Non-adiabatic approximations in time-dependent density functional theory: progress and prospects
Authors: Lacombe Lionel , Maitra Neepa T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTime-dependent density functional theory continues to draw a large number of users in a wide range of fields exploring myriad applications involving electronic spectra and dynamics. Although in principle exact, the predictivity of the calculations is limited by the available approximations for the exchange-correlation functional. In particular, it is known that the exact exchange-correlation functional has memory-dependence, but in practise adiabatic approximations are used which ignore this. Here we review the development of non-adiabatic functional approximations, their impact on calculations, and challenges in developing practical and accurate memory-dependent functionals for general purposes.
Formation of Intercultural Competence in the Process of Learning a Foreign Language Through Authentic Video
Authors: Shamileva R.D. , Davletukaeva A.Sh. , Elzhurkaeva M.Ya. 
Published: July 2023

The scientific work is dedicated to the study of the process of learning a foreign language as a term of intercultural communication. In the modern world, interaction between people from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds occurs constantly. With the development of technology and transport, and the growth of immigration, more and more people are traveling around the world, and society is becoming more diverse. The modern methodology of teaching foreign languages aims to use a number of technological means to fulfill the educational goal. One of these learning tools is video.
Video is one of the most popular ways to bring information to students, which can be a useful source of knowledge for both students and teachers. This is especially true for foreign language teachers who aim to develop students’ language skills of speaking, listening, reading and writing. Foreign language teachers can find a number of learning opportunities that can be used to great advantage in the classroom.
Cyclic-polymer grafted colloids in spherical confinement: insights for interphase chromosome organization
Authors: Paturej Jarosław , Erbaş Aykut 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Interphase chromosomes are known to organize non-randomly in the micron-sized eukaryotic cell nucleus and occupy certain fraction of nuclear volume, often without mixing. Using extensive coarse-grained simulations, we model such chromosome structures as colloidal particles whose surfaces are grafted by cyclic polymers. This model system is known as Rosetta. The cyclic polymers, with varying polymerization degrees, mimic chromatin loops present in interphase chromosomes, while the rigid core models the chromocenter section of the chromosome. Our simulations show that the colloidal chromosome model provides a well-separated particle distribution without specific attraction between the chain monomers. As the polymerization degree of the grafted cyclic chains decreases while maintaining the total chromosomal length (e.g. the more potent activity of condensin-family proteins), the average chromosomal volume becomes smaller, inter-chromosomal contacts decrease, and chromocenters organize in a quasi-crystalline order reminiscent of a glassy state. This order weakens for polymer chains with a characteristic size on the order of the confinement radius. Notably, linear-polymer grafted particles also provide the same chromocenter organization scheme. However, unlike linear chains, cyclic chains result in less contact between the polymer layers of neighboring chromosome particles, demonstrating the effect of DNA breaks in altering genome-wide contacts. Our simulations show that polymer-grafted colloidal systems could help decipher 3D genome architecture along with the fractal globular and loop-extrusion models.
Development and performance test of an expansive particle temporary plugging agent
Authors: Fang Yuyan , Fang Junwei , Zhang Xiong , Pan Lijuan , Feng Xingen , Luo Pandeng , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Addressing the problems found in some wells in the carbonate reservoirs of Tahe and Shunbei blocks, such as wide natural fractures and large leakage, an efficient temporary plugging agent is developed to effectively seal up large fractures and leaky wells without affecting the flow path after acid fracturing. The temporary plugging agent is prepared by crosslinking an organic zirconium crosslinker with starch-grafted polyacrylamide. Among the materials, starch-grafted polyacrylamide shows good viscoelasticity, water absorption, expansion, and degradable properties; an organic zirconium crosslinker can improve the sealing effect. The temporary plugging agents produced from the two-boast have good performance in water absorption and expansion, temporary plugging pressure, and degradability. Experimental tests evaluated the developed expansive particle temporary plugging agent’s performance. According to the results, the particle size of the temporary plugging agent can expand 4 times larger; its final degradation under formation conditions reaches 99%. A larger plugging agent particle size and a higher concentration of the plugging agent can increase the plugging pressure. The plugging pressure can be as high as 15.5 MPa at a 5% concentration of the plugging agent with a particle size of 2 mm, which fully meets the needs of temporary plugging fracturing on site.
Research on the Effect of Two Different Polycarboxylic Acid Water-reducing agent on the Sensitivity of Concrete
Authors: Lin Zhijun , Zhang Xiaofang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agent (PCE) is mixed into concrete under different conditions, which brings sensitivity to concrete. This paper establishes a series of evaluation methods by investigating the sensitivity under different conditions. This paper compares the sensitivity of two different PCEs in different parameters of concrete and tests the difference in concrete expansion or slump value under the conditions of different dosages, water consumption, temperature and types of raw materials. The results show that the sensitivity of PC-1 and KZJ-1 is different for different types of cement, and the sensitivity of water consumption, temperature, and raw materials is better than PC-1.
Study on the influence of waste glass powder replacing fly ash on the performance of concrete
Authors: Wang Yongding , Wu Faxiang , Zhang Zhichao , Lin Jianfa , Bao Longxiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The influence of glass powder replacing fly ash on concrete construction and mechanical properties is studied. By using glass powder with certain fineness to replace fly ash in the proportion of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively, the concrete test is carried out by controlling other ingredients in the mix proportion. The influence of glass powder replacement ratio on concrete slump, expansion, air content, carbonation depth and strength is studied. The test results show that when the specific surface area of glass powder is 600m2 / Kg, when the replacement rate is not more than 25%, its impact on concrete is within the controllable range, and it can replace part of the fly ash for use. This research can accelerate the full recycling of waste glass resources and promote the development of circular economy.
Experimental Study on EDM SKD61 with Different Material Electrodes
Authors: Li Wenming , Zhang Wujin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The electrode is an essential tool in electrical discharge machining (EDM). The quality and efficiency of EDM are directly determined by the performance of electrode materials. Copper tungsten alloy (CuW50) and pure copper cuboid electrodes were fabricated by wire-cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM). The machining parameters of processing current, pulse width and machining efficiency were selected as test variables, and the single-factor EDM experiment was carried out on SKD61 die steel with the goal of processing speed v and machined surface Ra. The results show that the processing speed and machined surface obtained by using pure copper electrodes are better than those obtained by using the CuW50 electrode. The processing current, pulse width and machining efficiency parameters corresponding to the maximum processing speed and the optimal machined surface obtained using the two material electrodes are basically different.