bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Participation in Physical Therapy Student-Run Free Clinics Relate to Altruism, Social Responsibility, and Cultural Competency Post-Graduation? A Pilot Study
Authors: Godoshian Monica Rose , Yorke Amy 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The American Physical Therapy Association Code of Ethics and Vision Statement encourage physical therapists to provide pro bono services to the economically disadvantaged, uninsured, and underinsured. Despite professional socialization during professional education, physical therapists and physical therapy students consistently indicate the need for improvement in social responsibility and altruism. The purpose of this study is to identify if participation in student-run free clinics (SRFC) as student physical therapists correlates with high values of altruism, social responsibility, and cultural competency as practicing physical therapists.
Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to practicing therapists who had the opportunity to participate in SRFCs as physical therapy students. The survey consisted of 48 questions divided into six sections: SRFC involvement; value on providing pro bono services, altruism, social responsibility, cultural competency; demographics.
Results: Eighty-five practicing physical therapists completed the survey. A significant correlation was found between hours volunteered in a SRFC and valuing altruism (rs=0.32, p=0.003) and hours volunteered and valuing providing pro bono services (rs=0.56, p<0.001). A significant correlation was also found between holding a leadership position in a SRFC and valuing providing pro bono services (rs=0.45, p<0.001). Of those who previously volunteered, 86.3% (n=63) indicated that they never to occasionally provide pro bono services in their current practice. In addition, 52.1% (n=38) indicated that they never to occasionally provide physical therapy services to underserved and underrepresented populations in their current practice.
Conclusion: Practicing physical therapists are lacking demonstration of social responsibility and altruism despite participation in SRFCs as physical therapy students.
Addressing the Need for Sexual, Mental, and Physical Healthcare in San Antonioâ€™s Underinsured Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Population
Authors: Egan Donald , Castillo Jelina Marie , Nguyen Stacy , Hardy Claude , Hill Jessica , Jones Cassandra , Rawson Delaney 
Published: May 2023

Background: In 2014, students from the University of Texas Health San Antonio Long School of Medicine conducted a community assessment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) healthcare needs. Participants reported low levels of sexually-transmitted infection (STI) screening, incomplete reporting of sexual history, and a desire for LGBTQ+-friendly physicians. As a result, a student-run free clinic, the Pride Community Clinic (PCC), was established. The PCC provides STI testing, mental health counseling, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), discounted medications, pre-exposure prophylaxis, human immunodeficiency (HIV) testing, and Pap smears. The purpose of this study is to analyze the demographics of the population treated at the PCC and the resources used to inform future developments within the clinic.
Methods: PCC patient records were analyzed, and quantitative analysis was conducted with Microsoft Excel. The qualitative analysis was performed using notes written by medical students, attending physicians, and mental health providers.
Results: The average age of patients (n=44) was 22 years, with a standard deviation of 10 years. Of the patients, 52% were racial minorities, and 50% lived below the poverty line. 84% identified as transgender and 68% a sexual minority. Additionally, 84% did not have a primary care provider, and 89% did not have insurance. HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydia, hepatitis C, and syphilis education were the most common screenings done. A review of medical notes found themes of transgender exploration, problems with healthcare access, and the utilization of counseling and preventative care.
Conclusions: The PCC offers low-cost care for the underserved LGBTQ+ population in San Antonio. HRT is a common reason for visits, but patients also utilize STI testing and mental health services. The clinic has provided a valuable opportunity for students not only to gain general clinical experience but also to learn about the unique needs of LGBTQ+ patients.
La sociocritique dans l’histoire du roman des années 1930. Un dialogue entre littérature et idéologie
Authors: Berges Maxime 
Published: May 2023

Les années 1930 constituent une période problématique de l’histoire du roman, en raison notamment de la migration d’intérêts sociopolitiques dans l’espace de la fiction, mettant un terme aux expérimentations formelles de la décennie précédente. Nous explorons deux des traits proposés par les historiens de la littérature depuis l’entre-deux-guerres pour caractériser le roman des années 1930 : le retour à une forme de classicisme et la dimension idéologique des oeuvres. En confrontant leur récit à la critique des auteurs de la période, plusieurs questions se posent mais une certitude se dégage : l’histoire du roman ne peut s’en tenir à l’étude du roman. Ainsi envisageons-nous le roman en tant que discours qu’il convient de lire comme une manifestation de son époque, c’est-à-dire tributaire et contributeur du discours social.
Passeurs et passages sociocritiques. Pistes de lecture de Terre des hommes à « Speak White »
Authors: Moyes Craig 
Published: May 2023

« Un territoire se définit par des frontières : celles du texte sont mouvantes. » Comme Claude Duchet l’a bien vu, que l’on passe d’un côté ou de l’autre des démarcations conventionnelles qui séparent le texte du co- ou du hors- texte, c’est souvent autour de ces multiples zones frontalières qui s’érigent et s’effacent autour de l’oeuvre littéraire que l’intérêt sociocritique se joue. En défendant la perspective du « passeur » sociocritique chez Claude Duchet et Henri Meschonnic, nous suivons le cheminement d’un titre sur un terrain social précis. Choisi pour servir de thème global à l’exposition universelle de Montréal en 1967, qui voulait se démarquer des World’s Fairs précédentes, Terre des hommes, écrit Gabrielle Roy, « comme toute évocation poétique […] nous laisse entrevoir mille et une interprétations toutes plausibles ». Ce sera en effet par le travail d’une des poètes les plus célèbres de la Révolution tranquille, Michèle Lalonde, que la poésie récupérera ce titre dans une sémiose sociale momentanément survoltée. Entre sa propre Terre des hommes (commanditée pour le gala d’ouverture de l’Expo en avril 1967) et son bientôt mythologisé « Speak White » (écrit pour le soutien des « terroristes » du Front de libération du Québec un an plus tard), Terre des hommes fraya un chemin entre l’optimisme humaniste de Saint-Exupéry refondu pour le nouveau « village planétaire » des années 1960 et l’« immonde mystification » (Luc Racine) que fut l’Expo 67 pour une bonne partie de la gauche nationaliste.
Traduire. Le deuil de l’original
Authors: Maurus Patrick 
Published: May 2023

La période de rénovation théorique qui a vu l’apparition de la sociocritique n’a pas connu le même élan en traduction, malgré Walter Benjamin ou Georges Mounin. Mais la poétique d’Henri Meschonnic et la sociocritique, entre autres, ont travaillé contre l’effacement et l’annexion qui restent les caractéristiques d’un monde qui synthétise ses pratiques sous le nom de traductologie. Elles affirment avec force qu’un texte étranger est toujours (et seulement) un texte traduit. La sociocritique, qui demande aux traducteurs de définir ce qu’ils traduisent, affirme que c’est la socialité du texte. Et pour ce faire, il n’y a qu’un moyen : faire dans sa langue-littérature ce que l’auteur a fait à la sienne. Pour cela, il est nécessaire d’établir une méthodologie qui interdira tout effacement, même masqué par une conception de la traduction qui promeut la fluidité. Il est donc proposé, dans le sillage de Jean Peytard, de viser à l’altération. Altérer son propre discours en acceptant celui de l’autre, c’est altérer son propre discours en lui faisant subir les marques de ce dialogue.
Hyperoside alleviates doxorubicin-induced myocardial cells apoptosis by inhibiting the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/p38 pathway
Authors: Chen Lingxia , Qin Zhi , Ruan Zhong-bao 
Published: May 2023

Background
Cardiotoxicity is a side effect of the anthracycline broad-spectrum anti-tumor agent, doxorubicin (DOX). Hyperoside, a flavonoid glycoside extracted from many herbs, has anti-apoptotic and anticancer properties. However, its impact on the alleviation of DOX-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes remains elusive.

Methods
The HL-1 cell line was treated with 100 µ M hyperoside for 1 h prior to treatment with 100 µ M hyperoside and 1 µ M DOX for 24 h. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell viability; DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was used to detect (reactive oxygen species) ROS; biochemical methods were used to detect the activity of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA); the degree of apoptosis following DOX insult was assessed using immunofluorescence staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxy uridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay; the change in protein expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), p38, and apoptosis markers was determined using western blot.

Results
Hyperoside ameliorated DOX-induced oxidative stress in HL-1 cells, up-regulated GSH, SOD and CAT activity, reduced ROS production and inhibited MDA overproduction. Moreover, in addition to promoting HL-1 cell apoptosis, DOX administration also increased B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated X-protein and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels and decreased Bcl-2 protein level. Hyperoside therapy, however, significantly reversed the impact of DOX on the cardiomyocytes. Mechanically, DOX treatment increased the phosphorylation of the ASK1/p38 axis whereas hyperoside treatment attenuated those changes. In a further step, hyperoside synergizes with DOX to kill MDA-MB-231 cells.

Conclusions
Hyperoside protects HL-1 cells from DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the ASK1/p38 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, hyperoside maintained the cytotoxicity of DOX in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Association of Allostatic Load With All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Obeng-Gyasi Samilia , Elsaid Mohamed I. , Lu Yurong , Chen JC , Carson William E. , Ballinger Tarah J. , Andersen Barbara L. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceElevated allostatic load (AL) has been associated with adverse socioenvironmental stressors and tumor characteristics that convey poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Currently, the association between AL and all-cause mortality in patients with breast cancer is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the association between AL and all-cause mortality in patients with breast cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from an institutional electronic medical record and cancer registry at the National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center. Participants were patients with breast cancer diagnoses (stage I-III) between January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2020. Data were analyzed from April 2022 through November 2022.ExposureAL was expressed as a summary score calculated by assigning 1 point for biomarkers in the worst sample quartile. High AL was defined as AL greater than the median.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was all-cause mortality. A Cox proportional hazard models with robust variance tested the association between AL and all-cause mortality.ResultsThere were 4459 patients (median [IQR] age, 59 [49-67] years) with an ethnoracial distribution of 3 Hispanic Black patients (0.1%), 381 non-Hispanic Black patients (8.5%), 23 Hispanic White patients (0.5%), 3861 non-Hispanic White patients (86.6%), 27 Hispanic patients with other race (0.6%), and 164 non-Hispanic patients with other race (3.7%). The mean (SD) AL was 2.6 (1.7). Black patients (adjusted relative ratio [aRR], those with 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.18), single marital status (aRR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00-1.12), and those with government-supplied insured (Medicaid aRR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07-1.21; Medicare aRR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.19) had a higher adjusted mean AL than those who were White, married/living as married, or privately insured, respectively. Adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment factors, high AL was associated with a 46% increase in mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.46; 95% CI, 1.11-1.93) over low AL. Similarly, compared with patients in the first AL quartile, those in the third quartile (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.07-2.18) and the fourth quartile (HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.16-2.75) had significantly increased risks of mortality. There was a significant dose-dependent association between increased AL and a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Furthermore, AL remained significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality after adjusting for the Charlson Comorbidity Index.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest increased AL is reflective of socioeconomic marginalization and associated with all-cause mortality in patients with breast cancer.
Potential Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids in the US
Authors: Borre Ethan D. , Johri Mohini , Dubno Judy R. , Myers Evan R. , Emmett Susan D. , Pavon Juliessa M. , Francis Howard W. , Ogbuoji Osondu , Sanders Schmidler Gillian D. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceOver-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids are now available in the US; however, their clinical and economic outcomes are unknown.ObjectiveTo project the clinical and economic outcomes of traditional hearing aid provision compared with OTC hearing aid provision.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cost-effectiveness analysis used a previously validated decision model of hearing loss (HL) to simulate US adults aged 40 years and older across their lifetime in US primary care offices who experienced yearly probabilities of acquiring HL (0.1%-10.4%), worsening of their HL, and traditional hearing aid uptake (0.5%-8.1%/y at a fixed uptake cost of $3690) and utility benefits (0.11 additional utils/y). For OTC hearing aid provision, persons with perceived mild to moderate HL experienced increased OTC hearing aid uptake (1%-16%/y) based on estimates of time to first HL diagnosis. In the base case, OTC hearing aid utility benefits ranged from 0.05 to 0.11 additional utils/y (45%-100% of traditional hearing aids), and costs were $200 to $1400 (5%-38% of traditional hearing aids). Distributions were assigned to parameters to conduct probabilistic uncertainty analysis.InterventionProvision of OTC hearing aids, at increased uptake rates, across a range of effectiveness and costs.Main Outcomes and MeasuresLifetime undiscounted and discounted (3%/y) costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs).ResultsTraditional hearing aid provision resulted in 18.162 QALYs, compared with 18.162 to 18.186 for OTC hearing aids varying with OTC hearing aid utility benefit (45%-100% that of traditional hearing aids). Provision of OTC hearing aids was associated with greater lifetime discounted costs by $70 to $200 along with OTC device cost ($200-$1000/pair; 5%-38% traditional hearing aid cost) due to increased hearing aid uptake. Provision of OTC hearing aids was considered cost-effective (ICER&amp;lt;$100 000/QALY) if the OTC utility benefit was 0.06 or greater (55% of the traditional hearing aid effectiveness). In probabilistic uncertainty analysis, OTC hearing aid provision was cost-effective in 53% of simulations.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cost-effectiveness analysis, provision of OTC hearing aids was associated with greater uptake of hearing intervention and was cost-effective over a range of prices so long as OTC hearing aids were greater than 55% as beneficial to patient quality of life as traditional hearing aids.
Buried Interface Modulation via Preferential Crystallization in All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells: The Case of Multifunctional Ti3C2Tx
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Wu Wenwen , Liu Yulin , Yuan Songyang , Tian Dehua , Zhang Cuili , Ma Zhipeng , Deng Jiahuan , Chen Jianhui , Lou Zaizhu , Li Wenzhe , Fan Jiandong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite inorganic CsPbI3−xBrx perovskite solar cells (PSCs) being promising in thermal stability, the perovskite degradation and severe nonradiative recombination at the interface hamper their further development. Herein, the typical MXene material, that is, Ti3C2Tx, is employed to be the buried interface prior to the perovskite absorber layer in the device, which multi‐functionalizes the as‐prepared electron‐transfer layers by means of both fascinating preferential crystallization of perovskite and/or accelerating the charge extraction with respect to an ideal energy‐level alignment and suppressed trap states. Accordingly, the power conversion efficiency of the modified PSC device is substantially enhanced by as high as 19.56% in comparison to their counterparts with only the pristine CsPbI3−xBrx active layer. More importantly, MXene modification is favorable to improve the wettability of perovskite precursor solution with enhanced grain size and crystallinity, thereby increasing the UV long‐term stability of solar cells. This work provides a new paradigm toward alleviating the severe nonradiative recombination at the interface in the device whilst enhancing the long‐term stability via the preferential crystallization process.
Sub‐Band Filling and Hole Transport in Polythiophene‐Based Electrolyte‐Gated Transistors: Effect of Side‐Chain Length and Density
Authors: Cho Kyung Gook , Adrahtas Demetra Z. , Lee Keun Hyung , Frisbie C. Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe relationship between hole density and conductivity in electrochemically gated polythiophene films is examined. The films are integrated into electrolyte‐gated transistors (EGTs), so that hole accumulations can be electrochemically modulated up to ≈0.4 holes per thiophene ring (hpr). Polythiophenes include poly(3‐alkylthiophenes) (P3ATs) with four different side chain lengths – butyl (P3BT), hexyl (P3HT), octyl (P3OT), or decyl (P3DT) – and poly[2,5‐bis(3‐dodecylthiophen‐2‐yl)thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene] (PBTTT) and poly(3,3′′′‐didodecyl[2,2′:5′,2′′:5′′,2′′′‐quaterthiophene]‐5,5′′′‐diyl) (PQT). Analysis of the drain current – gate voltage (ID–VG) and gate current – gate voltage (IG–VG) characteristics of the EGTs reveals that all six polythiophene semiconductors exhibited reversible conductivity peaks at 0.12 – 0.15 hpr. Conductivity is suppressed beyond ≈0.4 hpr.The maximum carrier mobilities of the P3AT semiconductors increase, and hysteresis of the conductivity peaks decreases, with increasing alkyl side‐chain length. PBTTT and PQT with reduced side chain densities exhibit the largest hysteresis but have higher hole mobilities. The results suggest that at ≈0.4 hpr, a polaronic sub‐band is filled in all cases. Filling of the sub‐band correlates with a collapse in the hole mobility. The side‐chain dependence of the peak conductivity and hysteresis further suggests that Coulombic ion‐carrier interactions are important in these systems. Tailoring ion‐carrier correlations is likely important for further improvements in transport properties of electrochemically doped polythiophenes.
A Facile Crystallization Strategy to Turn Calcium Bisphosphonates into Novel Osteogenesis‐Inducing Biomaterials
Authors: Zhuang Chen , Zhu Guanglin , Wang Yingjun , Wang Lin , Shi Xuetao , Mao Chuanbin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInsoluble metal bisphosphonates (BPs) are considered an ideal alternative to the soluble counterparts in regenerative medicine due to their increased BP release profile, but still present undesired properties (e.g., low stability, uncontrolled degradation, and poor biocompatibility). Through a simple crystallization on a solid calcium hydroxyapatite (HA)‐based substrate from a BP precursor solution in 30 days, a series of insoluble calcium BP (CaBP) crystals are developed. These crystals, including calcium alendronate (CaAln), calcium pamidronate (CaPam), calcium incadronate (CaInc), calcium risedronate (CaRis), calcium zoledronate (CaZol), and calcium di‐minodronate (Ca(Min)2), present high purity, regular morphologies and excellent biodegradability. It is demonstrated that these CaBPs can induce osteogenic differentiation of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro in the absence of other osteogenic inducers. It is further found that CaBP induces bone formation more effectively in a femur defect rabbit model in three months but with a lower in vivo hematotoxicity than the clinically used HA during osteogenesis. It is believed that these desired biological properties arise from the capability of the insoluble CaBPs in releasing BPs in a sustained manner for stimulating osteogenesis. This work provides a significant strategy for turning CaBPs into novel biomaterials for tissue regeneration and demonstrates their great potential in the clinic.
Bimetallic Ions Functionalized Metal–Organic‐Framework Nanozyme for Tumor Microenvironment Regulating and Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy for Hypoxic Tumor
Authors: Pan Meng‐Meng , Li Puze , Yu Yan‐Ping , Jiang Ming , Yang Xiangliang , Zhang Pei , Nie Jing , Hu Jun , Yu Xu , Xu Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT), as a light irradiation inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for cancer treatment, offers facile and promising solutions with respect to spatiotemporal control of ROS generation, and minimizes the systemic toxicity and side effects for highly precise tumor therapy. However, the PDT efficiency is often severely compromised by the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the hypoxic condition and overexpressed antioxidants. Here, for the first time, a bimetallic ion–modified metal−organic framework nanozyme (Zr4+‐MOF‐Ru3+/Pt4+‐Ce6@HA, ZMRPC@HA) is designed. ZMRPC@HA with catalase (CAT) and glutathione oxidase (GSHOx) mimetic activities, can efficiently regulate TME by generation of O2 and deplete the GSH synergistically for enhancing the long‐term PDT efficacy toward the hypoxic tumor. The in vitro cell inhibition and in vivo on tumor xenograft evaluations demonstrate the PDT strategy by using ZMRPC@HA can successfully inhibit the differentiation and proliferation of tumor cells under a 660 nm laser irradiation in deep tissues. These findings open a new avenue for the design of multimetallic ions functionalized MOF‐based nanozymes with multienzyme mimetic activities toward the antitumor and various other biological applications.