bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiota and functional analyses of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root-knot nematode parasitism of plants
Authors: Li Ye , Lei Shaonan , Cheng Zhiqiang , Jin Lingyue , Zhang Ting , Liang Lian-Ming , Cheng Linjie , Zhang Qinyi , Xu Xiaohong , Lan Canhua , Lu Chaojun , Mo Minghe , Zhang Ke-Qin , Xu Jianping , Tian Baoyu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are among the most important root-damaging plant-parasitic nematodes, causing severe crop losses worldwide. The plant rhizosphere and root endosphere contain rich and diverse bacterial communities. However, little is known about how RKN and root bacteria interact to impact parasitism and plant health. Determining the keystone microbial taxa and their functional contributions to plant health and RKN development is important for understanding RKN parasitism and developing efficient biological control strategies in agriculture.

Results
The analyses of rhizosphere and root endosphere microbiota of plants with and without RKN showed that host species, developmental stage, ecological niche, and nematode parasitism, as well as most of their interactions, contributed significantly to variations in root-associated microbiota. Compared with healthy tomato plants at different developmental stages, significant enrichments of bacteria belonging to Rhizobiales, Betaproteobacteriales, and Rhodobacterales were observed in the endophytic microbiota of nematode-parasitized root samples. Functional pathways related to bacterial pathogenesis and biological nitrogen fixation were significantly enriched in nematode-parasitized plants. In addition, we observed significant enrichments of the nifH gene and NifH protein, the key gene/enzyme involved in biological nitrogen fixation, within nematode-parasitized roots, consistent with a potential functional contribution of nitrogen-fixing bacteria to nematode parasitism. Data from a further assay showed that soil nitrogen amendment could reduce both endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria and RKN prevalence and galling in tomato plants.

Conclusions
Results demonstrated that (1) community variation and assembly of root endophytic microbiota were significantly affected by RKN parasitism; (2) a taxonomic and functional association was found for endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria and nematode parasitism; and (3) the change of nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities through the addition of nitrogen fertilizers could affect the occurrence of RKN. Our results provide new insights into interactions among endophytic microbiota, RKN, and plants, contributing to the potential development of novel management strategies against RKN.
Management of PDA device closure complicated by severe hemolysis by transcatheter retrieval and deployment of new device
Authors: Rashid Aamir , Lone Ajaz , Rather Hilal , Hafeez Imran 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Hemolysis after Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) device closure is rare. Although in most cases, hemolysis settles on its own; however, in some cases it may not settle spontaneously and may require additional procedures like putting additional coils, gel foam or thrombin instillation, balloon occlusion, or removing it surgically. We report a case of adult PDA device closure who persisted with hemolysis and was managed by transcatheter retrieval.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old gentleman presented to us with a diagnosis of large PDA with operable hemodynamics. Descending thoracic aortic Angio showed a large 11 mm PDA. Transcatheter device closure was done in the same sitting with a 16 × 14 Amplatzer Ductal Occluder I(ADO) device,;however, after device release, the aortic end of the device was not fully formed and there was residual flow. The next morning patient started with gross hematuria with persistent residual flow. We tried to manage with conservative means including hydration, and blood transfusion; however, residual flow persisted for 10 days and his hemoglobin dropped from 13 gm/dl preprocedural to 7 gm/dl, creatinine increased from 0.5 mg/dl to 1.9 mg/dl, bilirubin increased to 3.5 mg/dl & urine showed hemoglobinuria. As the patient continued to deteriorate it was planned to retrieve the device by transcatheter approach. 10 French amplatzer sheath was parked in the pulmonary artery near the ductus. We tried with a combination of multiple catheters and Gooseneck snare (10 mm) and finally, we successfully retrieved with a combination of Multipurpose (MP) catheter and 10 mm Gooseneck snare. After that, we closed the defect successfully with a double disk device (muscular Ventricular septal defect 14 mm Amplatzer). The patient’s hematuria settled and was discharged after 2 days with normal hemoglobin and creatinine.

Conclusions
Patent ductus arteriosus ADO 1 device should not be released if the aortic end of the disk is not fully formed Patient should be carefully monitored for hemolysis if evidence of residual shunt and given supportive treatment. If conservative treatment fails, residual flow needs to be eliminated. Transcatheter retrieval although technically challenging is a feasible treatment. A muscular VSD device is a good alternative to the usual PDA device to close PDA, especially in adults.
Adaptación y Validación del Test de Alfabetización en Salud Mental Canadiense TMHHSCG en estudiantes chilenos.
Authors: Macaya Sandoval Ximena , Bustos Navarrete Claudio , Vicente Parada Benjamín , Wei Yifeng 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: La Alfabetización en Salud Mental (ASM) se define como el conocimiento y las creencias sobre los trastornos mentales que ayudan a su reconocimiento, manejo y prevención. Objetivo: traducir, adaptar y validar el instrumento canadiense, Test Mental Health & High School Curriculum Guide (TMHHSCG) en estudiantes de educación secundaria y universitarios chilenos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de diseño instrumental en adolescentes (N = 454) y jóvenes (N=434). Luego de un proceso de traducción y retrotraducción, y entrevistas cognitivas, se realizaron análisis factorial para la validez de criterio y de constructo, análisis de validez convergente y divergente y análisis de invarianza factorial. Resultados: De las 5 secciones del TMHHSCG-CL, 4 secciones presentan 2 factores y una sección con uno, todos los ítems cumplieron con el requisito de un factor superior o igual 0,3. Se presentaron niveles de correlación moderada, positiva y significativa entre las dimensiones del Test y entre este y las cinco escalas utilizadas para probar la validez de criterio, presento una buena consistencia interna y validez de constructo, convergente y discriminante. El análisis de invarianza de medición comparo modelos de manera progresiva mostrando una buena invarianza factorial. Conclusión: La versión chilena del TMHHSCG-CL muestra adecuadas propiedades psicométricas que incorpora todos los componentes de la ASM. siendo el primero de esta versión canadiense en español apto para ser aplicado en Chile y en América Latina que permitirá medir el nivel de ASM para realizar intervenciones de prevención y promoción en salud mental en adolescentes y jóvenes.
Optimization Problems in Graphs with Locational Uncertainty
Authors: Bougeret Marin , Omer Jérémy , Poss Michael 
Published: March 2023

Many discrete optimization problems amount to selecting a feasible set of edges of least weight. We consider in this paper the context of spatial graphs where the positions of the vertices are uncertain and belong to known uncertainty sets. The objective is to minimize the sum of the distances of the chosen set of edges for the worst positions of the vertices in their uncertainty sets. We first prove that these problems are [Formula: see text]-hard even when the feasible sets consist either of all spanning trees or of all s – t paths. Given this hardness, we propose an exact solution algorithm combining integer programming formulations with a cutting plane algorithm, identifying the cases where the separation problem can be solved efficiently. We also propose a conservative approximation and show its equivalence to the affine decision rule approximation in the context of Euclidean distances. We compare our algorithms to three deterministic reformulations on instances inspired by the scientific literature for the Steiner tree problem and a facility location problem. History: Accepted by David Alderson, Area Editor for Network Optimization: Algorithms & Applications. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2023.1276 .
Vibration phases estimation based on orthogonal interferometry of inner view field for ISAL imaging and detection
Authors: Zhou Kai , Li Daojing , Gao Jinghan , Cui Anjing , Wu Jiang , Wu Shumei , Wang Yefei , Liu Kai , Tan Songnian , Gao Yang , Yao Yuan 
Published: March 2023

Inverse synthetic aperture ladar (ISAL) has the capability to achieve high-resolution imaging of long-distance targets in a short time because of the laser’s short wavelength. However, the unexpected phases introduced by target vibration in the echo can cause defocused imaging results of the ISAL. How to estimate the vibration phases has always been one of the difficulties in ISAL imaging. In this paper, in view of the echo’s low signal-to-noise ratio, the orthogonal interferometry method based on time-frequency analysis is proposed to estimate and compensate the vibration phases of ISAL. The method can effectively suppress the influence of noise on the interferometric phases and accurately estimate vibration phases using multichannel interferometry in the inner view field. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through simulations and experiments, including a 1200 m distance cooperative vehicle experiment and a 250 m distance noncooperative unmanned aerial vehicle experiment.
Building an explanatory model for snakebite envenoming care in the Brazilian Amazon from the indigenous caregivers’ perspective
Authors: de Farias Altair Seabra , do Nascimento Elizandra Freitas , Gomes Filho Manoel Rodrigues , Felix Aurimar Carneiro , da Costa Arévalo Macio , Adrião Asenate Aline Xavier , Wen Fan Hui , de Carvalho Fabíola Guimarães , Murta Felipe , Machado Vinícius Azevedo , Sachett Jacqueline , Monteiro Wuelton M. 
Published: March 2023

Background
In the Brazilian Amazon, snakebite envenomings (SBE) disproportionately affect indigenous peoples. Communication between indigenous and biomedical health sectors in regards to SBEs has never been explored in this region. This study aims to build an explanatory model (EM) of the indigenous healthcare domain for SBE patients from the perspective of the indigenous caregivers.

Methodology/Principal findings
This is a qualitative study involving in-depth interviews of eight indigenous caregivers who are representatives of the Tikuna, Kokama and Kambeba ethnic groups, in the Alto Solimões River, western Brazilian Amazon. Data analysis was carried out via deductive thematic analysis. A framework was built containing the explanations based on three explanatory model (EM) components: etiology, course of sickness, and treatment. To indigenous caregivers, snakes are enemies and present conscience and intention. Snakebites have a natural or a supernatural cause, the last being more difficult to prevent and treat. Use of ayahuasca tea is a strategy used by some caregivers to identify the underlying cause of the SBE. Severe or lethal SBEs are understood as having been triggered by sorcery. Treatment is characterized by four components: i) immediate self-care; ii) first care in the village, mostly including tobacco smoking, chants and prayers, combined with the intake of animal bile and emetic plants; iii) a stay in a hospital, to receive antivenom and other treatments; iv) care in the village after hospital discharge, which is a phase of re-establishment of well-being and reintroduction into social life, using tobacco smoking, massages and compresses to the affected limb, and teas of bitter plants. Dietary taboos and behavioral interdictions (avoiding contact with menstruating and pregnant women) prevent complications, relapses, and death, and must be performed up to three months after the snakebite. Caregivers are in favor of antivenom treatment in indigenous areas.

Conclusions/Significance
There is a potential for articulation between different healthcare sectors to improve the management of SBEs in the Amazon region, and the aim is to decentralize antivenom treatment so that it occurs in indigenous health centers with the active participation of the indigenous caregivers.
Factors associated with poor glycemic control among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Gamo and Gofa zone public hospitals, Southern Ethiopia: A case-control study
Authors: Dawite Firehiwot , Girma Meseret , Shibiru Tamiru , Kefelew Etenesh , Hailu Tadiwos , Temesgen Rodas , Abebe Getachew 
Published: March 2023

Background
Diabetes mellitus is a serious global public health problem that affects the whole life of people in terms of their biological, psychological, and social effects. Complications and death from diabetes occur from poorly controlled blood glucose levels. Thus, dealing with glycemic control is essential for controlling the development of devastating acute and chronic complications related to diabetes. Therefore, this study aims to assess factors associated with poor glycemic control among type2 diabetes patients in public hospitals of Gamo and Gofa zone southern, Ethiopia, 2021.

Methods
An institution-based unmatched case-control study was employed among 312 randomly selected participants using a pre-tested, interviewer-administered, and structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with poor glycemic control using IBM SPSS version 25. The strength of association was assessed by using an Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Result
Factors associated with poor glycemic control based on multivariable analysis were, having comorbidity (AOR = 2.35, 95% CI (1.39–3.95)), adhering to dietary recommendations (AOR = 0.31, 95% CI (089–0.51)), poor social support (AOR = 3.31, 95% CI (1.59–6.85)), physical exercise (AOR = 1.86 95% CI (1.11–3.12)), and having poly-pharmacy (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI (1.39–5.74)).

Conclusion and recommendation
This study indicated a significant association of comorbidity, physical exercise, poly-pharmacy, low social support, and adherence to dietary recommendations with poor glycemic control. We suggest that the health care providers and concerned bodies encourage patients to have regular check-ups and work on providing necessary social support.
Extracting patient-level data from the electronic health record: Expanding opportunities for health system research
Authors: Farrand Erica , Collard Harold R. , Guarnieri Michael , Minowada George , Block Lawrence , Lee Mei , Iribarren Carlos 
Published: March 2023

Background
Epidemiological studies of interstitial lung disease (ILD) are limited by small numbers and tertiary care bias. Investigators have leveraged the widespread use of electronic health records (EHRs) to overcome these limitations, but struggle to extract patient-level, longitudinal clinical data needed to address many important research questions. We hypothesized that we could automate longitudinal ILD cohort development using the EHR of a large, community-based healthcare system.

Study design and methods
We applied a previously validated algorithm to the EHR of a community-based healthcare system to identify ILD cases between 2012–2020. We then extracted disease-specific characteristics and outcomes using fully automated data-extraction algorithms and natural language processing of selected free-text.

Results
We identified a community cohort of 5,399 ILD patients (prevalence = 118 per 100,000). Pulmonary function tests (71%) and serologies (54%) were commonly used in the diagnostic evaluation, whereas lung biopsy was rare (5%). IPF was the most common ILD diagnosis (n = 972, 18%). Prednisone was the most commonly prescribed medication (911, 17%). Nintedanib and pirfenidone were rarely prescribed (n = 305, 5%). ILD patients were high-utilizers of inpatient (40%/year hospitalized) and outpatient care (80%/year with pulmonary visit), with sustained utilization throughout the post-diagnosis study period.

Discussion
We demonstrated the feasibility of robustly characterizing a variety of patient-level utilization and health services outcomes in a community-based EHR cohort. This represents a substantial methodological improvement by alleviating traditional constraints on the accuracy and clinical resolution of such ILD cohorts; we believe this approach will make community-based ILD research more efficient, effective, and scalable.
Spatial distribution of common childhood illnesses, healthcare utilisation and associated factors in Ethiopia: Evidence from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Defar Atkure , B. Okwaraji Yemisrach , Tigabu Zemene , Persson Lars Åke , Alemu Kassahun 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Childhood illnesses, such as acute respiratory illness, fever, and diarrhoea, continue to be public health problems in low-income countries. Detecting spatial variations of common childhood illnesses and service utilisation is essential for identifying inequities and call for targeted actions. This study aimed to assess the geographical distribution and associated factors for common childhood illnesses and service utilisation across Ethiopia based on the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey.

Methods
The sample was selected using a two-stage stratified sampling process. A total of 10,417 children under five years were included in this analysis. We linked data on their common illnesses during the last two weeks and healthcare utilisation were linked to Global Positioning System (GPS) information of their local area. The spatial data were created in ArcGIS10.1 for each study cluster. We applied a spatial autocorrelation model with Moran’s index to determine the spatial clustering of the prevalence of childhood illnesses and healthcare utilisation. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) analysis was done to assess the association between selected explanatory variables and sick child health services utilisation. Hot and cold spot clusters for high or low utilisation were identified using Getis-Ord Gi*. Kriging interpolation was done to predict sick child healthcare utilisation in areas where study samples were not drawn. All statistical analyses were performed using Excel, STATA, and ArcGIS.

Results
Overall, 23% (95CI: 21, 25) of children under five years had some illness during the last two weeks before the survey. Of these, 38% (95%CI: 34, 41) sought care from an appropriate provider. Illnesses and service utilisation were not randomly distributed across the country with a Moran’s index 0.111, Z-score 6.22, P<0.001, and Moran’s index = 0.0804, Z-score 4.498, P< 0.001, respectively. Wealth and reported distance to health facilities were associated with service utilisation. Prevalence of common childhood illnesses was higher in the North, while service utilisation was more likely to be on a low level in the Eastern, South-western, and the Northern parts of the country.

Conclusion
Our study provided evidence of geographic clustering of common childhood illnesses and health service utilisation when the child was sick. Areas with low service utilisation for childhood illnesses need priority, including actions to counteract barriers such as poverty and long distances to services.
Biopsychosocial effects and experience of use of robotic and virtual reality devices in neuromotor rehabilitation: A study protocol
Authors: Zanatta Francesco , Steca Patrizia , Fundarò Cira , Giardini Anna , Felicetti Guido , Panigazzi Monica , Arbasi Giovanni , Grilli Cesare , D’Addario Marco , Pierobon Antonia 
Published: March 2023

Background
Robot-assisted therapy (RAT) and virtual reality (VR)-based neuromotor rehabilitation have shown promising evidence in terms of patient’s neuromotor recovery, so far. However, still little is known on the perceived experience of use of robotic and VR devices and the related psychosocial impact. The present study outlines a study protocol aiming to investigate the biopsychosocial effects and the experience of use of robotic and non-immersive VR devices in patients undergoing neuromotor rehabilitation.

Methods
Adopting a prospective, two-arm, non-randomized study design, patients with different neuromotor diseases (i.e., acquired brain injury, Parkinson’s Disease, and total knee/hip arthroplasty) undergoing rehabilitation will be included. In a real-world clinical setting, short- (4 weeks) and long-term (6 months) changes in multiple patient’s health domains will be investigated, including the functional status (i.e., motor functioning, ADLs, risk of falls), cognitive functioning (i.e., attention and executive functions), physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and the psychological status (i.e., anxiety and depression, quality of life satisfaction). At post-intervention, the overall rehabilitation experience, the psychosocial impact of the robotic and VR devices will be assessed, and technology perceived usability and experience of use will be evaluated through a mixed-methods approach, including both patients’ and physiotherapists’ perspectives. Repeated measures within-between interaction effects will be estimated, and association analyses will be performed to explore the inter-relationships among the variables investigated. Data collection is currently ongoing.

Implications
The biopsychosocial framework adopted will contribute to expanding the perspective on patient’s recovery within the technology-based rehabilitation field beyond motor improvement. Moreover, the investigation of devices experience of use and usability will provide further insight into technology deployment in neuromotor rehabilitation programs, thereby maximising therapy engagement and effectiveness.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05399043.
Effects of a financial incentive scheme for dementia care on medical and long-term care expenditures: A propensity score–matched analysis using LIFE study data
Authors: Kawabata Jun , Fukuda Haruhisa 
Published: March 2023

Objective
Japan introduced a financial incentive scheme in April 2016 to improve hospital-based dementia care, but its effectiveness remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the scheme’s impact on medical and long-term care (LTC) expenditures, as well as on changes in care needs levels and daily living independence levels among older persons one year after hospital discharge.

Methods
We linked medical and LTC claims databases, and retrospectively identified patients who received LTC needs certification and daily living independence assessments in Fukuoka, Japan. Case patients (received care under the new scheme) were those admitted from April 2016 to March 2018, and control patients were those admitted from April 2014 to March 2016 (before the scheme was implemented). Through propensity score matching, we identified 260 case patients and 260 control patients, and compared using t-tests, and chi-square tests.

Results
The analyses found no significant differences between the case and control groups in medical expenditure (US$26,685 vs US$24,823, P = 0.37), LTC expenditure (US$16,870 vs US$14,374, P = 0.08), daily living independence level changes (26.5% vs 20.4%, P = 0.12), or care needs level changes (36.9% vs 30%, P = 0.11).

Conclusions
The financial incentive scheme for dementia care did not demonstrate any beneficial effects on patients’ healthcare expenditures or health conditions. Further studies are needed to examine the scheme’s long-term effects.