bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigations on anomalous behavior of ionic conductivity in NaPF6 salt loaded hydroxyethyl cellulose biodegradable polymer electrolyte for energy storage applications
Authors: Chavan Chetan , Bhajantri Rajashekhar F. , Cyriac Vipin , Ismayil  , Bulla Soumya S. , Sakthipandi K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the influence of NaPF6 salt content (0–30 wt.% in a varying interval of 5 wt.%) on the structural, electrical, and biodegradable properties of HEC/NaPF6 solid biopolymer electrolyte (SBE) films. The interaction of salt with the HEC polymer matrix is confirmed by FTIR and SEM studies. The elemental composition and mapping confirm the appearance of NaPF6 moieties in the HEC polymer matrix. XRD deconvolution reveals that HEC samples with 20 wt.% (H4) and 10 wt.% of salt (H2) have a significantly lower crystallinity index than pure HEC polymer. The H2 and H4 samples show the highest room temperature conductivity values (1.62 × 10−5 and 1.13 × 10−5 S cm−1, respectively) among all other prepared samples since carrier concentration influences the ionic conductivity and shares a similar order of conductivity. Thus, the H2 and H4 samples are employed as electrolyte separators in the sodium ion battery, and the results suggest that the H2‐based electrolyte system is more significant. Battery matrices like open circuit voltage (V), current density (μA cm−2), power density (mW kg−1), energy density (Wh kg−1) and discharge capacity (μA h−1) were calculated and found to be 2.48, 5.49, 44.60, 1.69, and 71.05, respectively for H2 electrolyte based cell. Wagner polarization reveals that H2 and H4 constitute the predominant charge carriers (ions) with total ion transference numbers of ⁓0.98 and ⁓0.99, respectively. To evaluate sample degradability, H2 and H4 samples were subjected to 20 and 5‐day biodegradation processes, during which the polymers completely (100%) broke down.
Computational multi‐target approach to target essential enzymes of Leishmania donovani using comparative molecular dynamic simulations and MMPBSA analysis
Authors: Saha Debanjan , Nath Jha Anupam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by Leishmania donovani. The purine and pyrimidine pathways are essential for L. donovani. Simultaneously inhibiting multiple targets could be an effective strategy to eliminate the pathogen and treat VL.ObjectiveWe aimed to target the essential enzymes of L. donovani and inhibit them using a multi‐target approach.Materials and methodsA systematic analytical method was followed, in which first reported inhibitors of two essential enzymes (adenine phosphoribosyl‐transferase [APRT] and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase [DHODH]) were collected and then ADMET and PASS analyses were conducted using the Lipinski rule and Veber's rule. Additionally, molecular docking between screened ligands and proteins were performed. The stability of complexes was analyzed using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and MMPBSA analysis.ResultsInitially, 6,220 unique molecules were collected from the PubChem database, and then the Lipinski rule and Veber's rule were used for screening. In total, 203 compounds passed the ADMET test; their antileishmanial properties were tested by PASS analysis. As a result, 15 ligands were identified. Molecular docking simulations between APRT or DHODH and these 15 ligands were performed. Four molecules were found to be plant‐derived compounds. Lig_2 and Lig_3 had good docking scores with both proteins. MD simulations were performed to determine the dynamic behavior and binding patterns of complexes. Both MD simulations and MMPBSA analysis showed Lig_3 is a promising antileishmanial inhibitor of both targets.ConclusionPromising plant‐derived compounds that might be used to combat VL were obtained through a multi‐target approach.
PhenoWell®—A novel screening system for soil‐grown plants
Authors: Li Ji , Mintgen Michael A. C. , D'Haeyer Sam , Helfer Anne , Nelissen Hilde , Inzé Dirk , Dhondt Stijn 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs agricultural production is reaching its limits regarding outputs and land use, the need to further improve crop yield is greater than ever. The limited translatability from in vitro lab results into more natural growth conditions in soil remains problematic. Although considerable progress has been made in developing soil‐growth assays to tackle this bottleneck, the majority of these assays use pots or whole trays, making them not only space‐ and resource‐intensive, but also hampering the individual treatment of plants. Therefore, we developed a flexible and compact screening system named PhenoWell® in which individual seedlings are grown in wells filled with soil allowing single‐plant treatments. The system makes use of an automated image‐analysis pipeline that extracts multiple growth parameters from individual seedlings over time, including projected rosette area, relative growth rate, compactness, and stockiness. Macronutrient, hormone, salt, osmotic, and drought stress treatments were tested in the PhenoWell® system. The system is also optimized for maize with results that are consistent with Arabidopsis while different in amplitude. We conclude that the PhenoWell® system enables a high‐throughput, precise, and uniform application of a small amount of solution to individually soil‐grown plants, which increases the replicability and reduces variability and compound usage.
Robot‐assisted resection of multiple lung nodules through combination of intercostal incisions and a subxiphoid incision as a utility port
Authors: Han Jingquan , Zhang Hang , Ma Xiao , Lu Bei , Zhao Guibin , Xu Jinzhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionRobotic‐assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) via subxiphoid incision may be superior in resection of multiple lung nodules.MethodsOutcomes of robot‐assisted one‐stage bilateral lobectomy or segmentectomy via intercostal and subxiphoid incisions for multiple ground‐glass opacities were analysed.ResultsTotal 36 cases were analysed in this study. Thirteen cases had bilateral lobectomy + segmentectomy, 15 cases underwent bilateral segmentectomies, and 8 cases underwent lobectomy + segmentectomy + wedge resection. The average intraoperative blood loss was 110.2 ± 57.8 mL, operation time was 154 ± 64.2 min, thoracic draining time was 2.6 ± 3.2 days, and postoperative hospital stay was 4.8 ± 3.3 days. Three patients had atrial fibrillation and 3 patients had continuous air leakage for over 3 days, but there was no death or postoperative pain.ConclusionRobot‐assisted one‐stage bilateral resection of multiple lung nodules through combination of intercostal and subxiphoid incision as a utility port is safe and reliable.
Modeling approach for coastal dune habitat detection on coastal ecosystems combining very high‐resolution UAV imagery and field survey
Authors: Agrillo Emiliano , Filipponi Federico , Salvati Riccardo , Pezzarossa Alice , Casella Laura 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEarth observation (EO) data, derived from remote sensing and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), have been recently demonstrated to be essential tools for the ecosystem monitoring and habitat mapping, combining high technological and methodological procedures for applied ecology. However, research based on EO data analyses often tend to focus on image processing techniques, neglecting the development of a detailed sampling design scheme needed for an exhaustive habitat detection. This paper shows the results of a novel approach for mapping coastal dune habitats at a fine scale, using a supervised machine learning model, through the combination of vegetation plot sampling scheme, synergic use of multi‐sensor spectral imagery (UAV‐VHR) and environmental predictors (e.g., LiDAR), object‐based image analysis, and landscape metrics analysis. Proposed approach was tested in a protected area, established to preserve notable habitats along the Italian Tyrrhenian coast. A detailed sampling scheme was designed and carried out during spring and summer of 2019, combining simultaneously UAV flight acquisition and field vegetation survey data, collected at high precision positioning. The calibrated classification model achieved an overall accuracy of 78.6% (standard error 4.33), allowing us to accurately classify and map five coastal habitats, according to EUNIS (European Nature Information System) classification, which were further verified through a fully independent validation field survey. Results demonstrate that VHR imageries, combined with specific field survey schemes, can be exploited to train classification models used for the detection of plant communities (i.e., meso‐habitat) and plant species at local scale. Our findings demonstrate that UAV‐VHR data is a valid tool to produce high spatial resolution information in sand beach ecosystems, giving ecology research a new way for responsive, timely, and cost‐effective ecosystem monitoring.
Evaluation of Cathode Electrodes in Lithium‐Ion Battery: Pitfalls and the Befitting Counter Electrode
Authors: Han Mei , Duan Jian , Wang Zhongqiang , Wu Wangyan , Luo Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBoosting energy density and reducing the cost of lithium‐ion batteries are critical to accelerating their applications in transportation and grid energy storage. Battery design with increasing electrode thickness is an effective way to combine higher energy density and lower cost. However, the evaluation of electrodes with increased thickness is challenging and requires more attention. Here, some pitfalls are to be avoided and a reasonable evaluation strategy is provided for cathode electrodes regarding the choice of counter electrode. Though as the most common counter electrode, lithium metal anode is actually not suitable for evaluating cycling performance, which exhibits fast cell capacity decline, especially, in the case of areal capacity higher than 2 mAh cm−2. Two commercial anode materials, graphite and Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) as the potential alternatives, are systematically evaluated and compared, demonstrating LTO as the more suitable choice. The thick cathode electrode coupled with LTO exhibits excellent rate capability, stable cycling performance, and easy interpretation of charge/discharge profile. The relationship between cell balance and battery performance is further analyzed in detail. This strategy enables a reasonable evaluation of the cathode electrodes and advances the designing of thick electrode.
Betongefüllte Hohlprofil‐Verbundstützen für Geschossbauten – Innovation und Bemessung
Authors: Schurgacz Przemyslaw , Knobloch Markus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBetongefüllte Hohlprofil‐Verbundstützen mit massivem Stahlkern (CFST‐SC) und betongefüllte Doppel‐Hohlprofil‐Verbundstützen (CFDST) eignen sich als innovative und wettbewerbsfähige Lösungen für die anspruchsvollen Anforderungen moderner Hochhaus‐, Geschoss‐ und Industriebauten. Durch den Einsatz höherfester Baustähle und von Hochleistungsbeton kann der Tragwiderstand dieser Verbundstützen in eingeschossiger Ausführung weiter gesteigert bzw. die Querschnitte zusätzlich verkleinert werden. Die Ergebnisse des AiF‐/FOSTA‐Forschungsvorhabens P1287 Hohlprofil‐Verbundstützen für Geschossbauten – Innovation und Bemessung (IGF‐Nr. 19677N) zeigen zudem, dass eine aus einem Versatz der Komponenten bzw. einer großen Vorkrümmung der Stahlkerne resultierende geometrische Imperfektion die Tragfähigkeit und das strukturelle Verhalten dieser Mehrkomponentenquerschnitte erheblich beeinflussen kann. Diesen Einflüssen sollte mit einer angemessenen Qualitätskontrolle und der Einhaltung erforderlicher Toleranzen in der Produktion, Fertigung und Montage wirkungsvoll begegnet werden. Die Ergebnisse des aktuellen AiF‐/FOSTA‐Forschungsvorhabens P1628 Innovative Hohlprofil‐Verbundstützen unter seismischen Beanspruchungen (IGF‐Nr. 22348N) belegen, dass die betongefüllten Hohlprofil‐Verbundstützen auch unter Verwendung von Hochleistungswerkstoffen eine hohe Verformungskapazität sowie ein gutes Energiedissipationsvermögen aufweisen und ihr Anwendungsbereich somit auf Regionen seismischer Aktivität ausgedehnt werden kann.
Steel and composite joints with dissipative connections for MRFs in moderate seismicity – Experimental and numerical programs
Authors: Don Rafaela , Balaskas Georgios , Vulcu Cristian , Hoffmeister Benno 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOwing to the new rules of the German National Annex to EN 1998‐1, the relevance of the seismic action has increased, materialising in extended seismic areas and higher spectral accelerations. This may lead to seismic loading being decisive on the design of steel and composite frames. However, the demand is lower in Germany than in other seismic areas. Consequently, these challenges are addressed in an ongoing German national research project, by developing joints with dissipative connections, classified as semi‐rigid and partial‐strength, for steel and composite frames that could allow for the use of behaviour factors in the range of 1.5 to 3. The development started with typical connections from the German catalogue, designed to withstand static loads in the elastic range, followed by performance and detailing improvements. Developments (e.g., increase in sagging/hogging bending: 125 %/18 % of steel joints and 70 %/40 % of partially composite joints) resulted from pre‐test finite element analyses (FEA) on joints and frame models. Improvements to joint detailing were made according to the provisions of the newest draft of Eurocode 8. The optimised joints were integrated in frame specimens, which are currently being tested under monotonic and cyclic loads at RWTH‐Aachen University. This article introduces the developed joint solutions, describes the experimental and numerical programs and presents the monotonic response of frame specimens based on the results of FEA, as well as the main conclusions.
Behavior of RC columns incorporating with steel and recycled plastic fibers under eccentric load: An experimental work
Authors: Fayed Sabry , Mansour Walid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere was a dearth of research into the behavior of eccentric RC columns reinforced with fibers, particularly recycled plastic fiber (RF) reinforced columns. The effect of employing end hooked steel fiber (EF) and RF on the performance of eccentric columns was explored in this experiment. Under compressive eccentric load, eight RC columns of 150 × 150 × 1000 mm with a 2% longitudinal reinforcement ratio were tested up to failure. The ratio of load eccentricity to column dimension was 15%. The fiber content (Vf) was variable. Both EF and RF had a Vf of 1%, 2%, and 3%. The applied load was recorded axial/lateral displacement and transverse/longitudinal reinforcement strain. The ultimate load (Pu), ultimate displacement, yield load, stiffness, and ductility index (∆) were all calculated to investigate column behavior. Results showed that adding fibers prevented the concrete cover separation hence prevented the sudden failure as it happened in the control column without fiber (P0). 1% RF and 2% EF enhanced Pu by 10.4% and 34.8%, respectively, while fiber content 3% decreased Pu. Stiffness of columns containing 1% RF and 2% EF was 16.3% and 33.8% higher than that of P0, respectively. The use of 1% and 2% EF delayed yield load, resulting in improved column performance. All fiber contents significantly improved ductility, with enhancement rates ranging from 4.2% with 3% RF to 146.2% with 3% EF. Also, use of 1% RF increased ductility by 70.6%.
Digital innovation: An essence for Industry 4.0
Authors: Gupta Minisha , Jauhar Sunil Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to explain why digital innovation is so important in business organizations in order to survive in Industry 4.0. The study helps to understand the new era of Industry 4.0 and the importance of introducing digital innovation into organizations. A systematic review of the literature and studies on Industry 4.0 and digital innovation were synthesized to find answers to the research questions. To improve their manufacturing industry, organizations have implemented digital technologies such as augmented reality, robotic sensing, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, cyber physical systems, and remote sensing technologies. These technologies focused on automating logistics and supply chain systems, improving manufacturing system performance, and simplifying automated production systems. Because digital innovations save time and energy, employees can devote more time and energy to creative and innovative activities. Organizations should plan to implement digital technology in order to keep the environment healthy and sustainable while meeting the demands of customers, consumers, and the Industry 4.0 dimension.
From harmonic analysis of translation-invariant valuations to geometric inequalities for convex bodies
Authors: Kotrbatý Jan , Wannerer Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Alesker–Bernig–Schuster theorem asserts that each irreducible representation of the special orthogonal group appears with multiplicity at most one as a subrepresentation of the space of continuous translation-invariant valuations with fixed degree of homogeneity. Moreover, the theorem describes in terms of highest weights which irreducible representations appear with multiplicity one. In this paper, we present a refinement of this result, namely the explicit construction of a highest weight vector in each irreducible subrepresentation. We then describe how important natural operations on valuations (pullback, pushforward, Fourier transform, Lefschetz operator, Alesker–Poincaré pairing) act on these highest weight vectors. We use this information to prove the Hodge–Riemann relations for valuations in the case of Euclidean balls as reference bodies. Since special cases of the Hodge–Riemann relations have recently been used to prove new geometric inequalities for convex bodies, our work immediately extends the scope of these inequalities.
Digitale Hebammenbetreuung in der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland – Akzeptanz bei Müttern
Authors: Bauer Nicola H. , Hertle Dagmar , Schumacher Luisa 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Zur Sicherstellung der ambulanten Hebammenversorgung während der COVID-19-Pandemie wurden im März 2020 in Deutschland erstmals digitale Hebammenleistungen ermöglicht. Ziel der Studie „Digitale Hebammenbetreuung im Kontext der Covid-19-Pandemie“ war eine erste Evaluation der neu eingeführten digitalen Angebote aus Sicht von Hebammen und Müttern. In dieser Publikation werden die Ergebnisse der Mütterbefragung dargestellt.

Methode
Im Februar und März 2021 wurde die Querschnittstudie durchgeführt. Es wurden bei der BARMER versicherte Frauen, die zwischen Mai und November 2020 ein gesundes Kind geboren haben, bundesweit mithilfe eines explorativ entwickelten Online-Fragebogens zu Inanspruchnahme, Zufriedenheit und den Potenzialen der digitalen Hebammenbetreuung in Schwangerschaft und Wochenbett anonymisiert befragt.

Ergebnisse
1821 Mütter nahmen an der Befragung teil. Rund ein Drittel der antwortenden Frauen hatte in der Schwangerschaft und/oder im Wochenbett digitale Hebammenleistungen in Anspruch genommen und diese Leistungen zu über 80 % positiv bewertet. Aus Sicht der Befragten eignen sich Kurse und Beratung sehr gut, wohingegen die Wochenbettbetreuung oft die Präsenz der Hebamme erfordere. Als Vorteile wurden der Infektionsschutz sowie die Zeit- und Wegeersparnis gesehen.

Fazit
Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat auch in der Hebammenversorgung einen Digitalisierungsschub bewirkt. Die digitalen Angebote wurden von den freiberuflichen Hebammen schnell umgesetzt. Diese wurden von den Frauen gut angenommen und können die Betreuung in Präsenz sinnvoll ergänzen. Chancen und Weiterentwicklungsmöglichkeiten der digitalen Hebammenbetreuung sollten nun genutzt werden.
The epistemic impossibility of an artificial intelligence take-over of democracy
Authors: Innerarity Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThose who claim, whether with fear or with hope, that algorithmic governance can control politics or the whole political process or that artificial intelligence is capable of taking charge of or wrecking democracy, recognize that this is not yet possible with our current technological capabilities but that it could come about in the future if we had better quality data or more powerful computational tools. Those who fear or desire this algorithmic suppression of democracy assume that something similar will be possible someday and that it is only a question of technological progress. If that were the case, no limits would be insurmountable on principle. I want to challenge that conception with a limit that is less normative than epistemological; there are things that artificial intelligence cannot do, because it is unable to do them, not because it should not do them, and this is particularly apparent in politics, which is a peculiar decision-making realm. Machines and people take decisions in a very different fashion. Human beings are particularly gifted at one type of situation and very clumsy in others. The part of politics that is, strictly speaking, political is where this contrast and our greatest aptitude are most apparent. If that is the case, as I believe, then the possibility that democracy will one day be taken over by artificial intelligence is, as a fear or as a desire, manifestly exaggerated. The corresponding counterpart to this is: if the fear that democracy could disappear at the hands of artificial intelligence is not realistic, then we should not expect exorbitant benefits from it either. For epistemic reasons that I will explain, it does not seem likely that artificial intelligence is capable of taking over political logic.
Real-world treatment persistence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis initiating DMARDs in Germany—a health insurance claims data analysis
Authors: Fiehn Christoph , Zinke Silke , Haas Jennifer S. , Meise Dominic , Theil Julia , Gurrath Margot , Orzechowski Hans-Dieter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate treatment patterns in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Germany who had previously received conventional synthetic (cs) or biologic (b) disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).

Methods
Patients with RA who initiated treatment with a csDMARD, bDMARD, or Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor between 2017 and 2018 and who had previously received csDMARD or bDMARD therapy were retrospectively selected from the Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin GmbH (InGef). Time on treatment and discontinuation risk were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox regression identified variables associated with an increased discontinuation risk.

Results
A total of 990 patients had received prior csDMARD therapy; 375 had received prior bDMARD therapy. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors and JAK inhibitors were the most commonly prescribed DMARD class in those previously treated with a csDMARD or bDMARD, respectively. In both cohorts, more patients received DMARD monotherapy than combination therapy. In the prior csDMARD cohort, median time on treatment was 276, 252, and 148 days with JAK inhibitors, TNF‑α inhibitors, and csDMARDs, respectively, and those treated with JAK or TNF‑α inhibitors were less likely to discontinue treatment than those on csDMARDs (log-rank test p-value < 0.01 for both comparisons); no significant differences were found within the prior bDMARD cohort.

Conclusion
This is among the first detailed analyses of RA treatment patterns in a real-world setting in Germany since the introduction of JAK inhibitors. TNF‑α inhibitors were the most commonly prescribed DMARD after failure of an initial csDMARD, while JAK inhibitors were the most common among patients previously treated with a bDMARD. In both groups, monotherapy with bDMARD or targeted synthetic DMARD was common. In the prior csDMARD cohort, treatment duration was significantly longer with JAK or TNF‑α inhibitors than with csDMARDs.