bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting stochastic multiresonance in neural networks via statistical complexity measure
Authors: Wu Yazhen , Sun Zhongkui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper employs statistical complexity measure (SCM) to investigate the occurrence of stochastic multiresonance (SMR) induced by noise and time delay in small-world neural networks coupled with FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neurons. Our findings reveal that SCM exhibits four local maxima for four optimal noise levels, providing evidence for the occurrence of quadruple stochastic resonances. Additionally, the research uncovers a series of optimal time delays for different noise intensities, where SCM shows several local maxima, indicating the appearance of SMR induced by time delay. Intriguingly, these optimal time delays are characterized by some small values of time delay, nTe as well as nTe-2 with n being a positive integer and Te being the period of subthreshold signal, respectively. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the presence of time delay, coupled with the assistance of moderate noise, effectively enhances the detection capability of the subthreshold signal. These results provide a precise method to comprehend weak signal detection and information propagation in neural systems.
Third Eye Smart Aid for Visually Impaired
Authors: V Sahana , R Shashidhar , N. Bindu S. , N. Chandana A. , G Nishrutha C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Smartphones are less likely to be considered as assistive technology for visual impairment among a large majority of health care providers, excluding vision rehabilitation professionals, and the public who are not familiar with accessible features and apps. They face significant challenges in terms of accessibility and inclusion in the smartphone environment. The world of money has completely changed, but some things remain the same. The quickly expanding utilization of CREDIT/ DEBIT cards and all the other different forms of money transfer mechanisms, including electronic payment, has certainly made its mark in today’s world. However, paper money is still broadly used in today’s world for ordinary exchanges because of its convenience. Due to similarity of the texture of the paper, and the different sizes that exist between different categories, visually impaired people face problems with monetary transactions because of their inability to recognize paper currency. The inability to read printed documents is a disadvantage for blind people. Speech based applications can help improve support for visually impaired people. The proposed system aims to provide assistive technology for currency recognition, text recognition to help visually impaired people.
Global Menstrual Cycle Symptomatology as Reported by Users of a Menstrual Tracking Mobile Application
Authors: Ainsworth Alessandra , Peven Kimberly , Bamford Ryan , Zhaunova Liudmila , Salimgaraev Rodion , Prentice Carley , Wickham Aidan , Cunningham Adam , Goddard Frederick , Ponzo Sonia , Babayev Samir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Although a shared experience throughout the world, menstrual symptomatology is underreported and often misunderstood, by both individuals who menstruate and their providers. This study aimed to investigate symptomatology throughout the menstrual cycle, including the frequency of symptoms reported for each phase of the cycle and the relationship between symptoms.
Methods
This study included self-reported cycle information and symptoms during ovulatory menstrual cycles in mobile application users. Symptom frequency was described overall, by phase, and by day. Relationships between symptoms were examined through correlation coefficients and term frequency-inverse document frequency analysis.
Results
437,577 unique users and 896,051 unique cycles were included in the analysis. Somatic symptoms were most frequently reported, logged in 88.3% of cycles. Of the total symptoms logged, somatic, gastrointestinal, and negative mood symptoms were most prevalent in the late luteal and bleeding days. In contrast, positive mood and discharge were most reported in the fertile window. Mood symptoms were highly correlated with each other (energetic mood and happy mood r = 0.62, anxious mood and obsessive thoughts r = 0.60). Fatigue was highly correlated with somatic and gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating (r = 0.62), headache (r = 0.60), backache (r = 0.58), and nausea (r = 0.55).
Conclusions
Menstrual cycle-related symptoms are very common and vary throughout the menstrual cycle. While negative symptoms, including pain, bloating, and negative mood, are most commonly reported, women also report positive symptoms, such as energetic and happy mood. Self-reported data from cycle tracking and health apps can improve our understanding of the prevalence and variability of menstrual-related symptoms.
Trial Registration
Not applicable.
Mesoscopic calcium imaging in head-unrestrained non-human primates using a lensless microscope
Authors: Robinson Jacob , Wu Jimin , Chen Yuzhi , Veeraraghavan Ashok , Seidemann Eyal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Mesoscopic calcium imaging enables studies of cell-type specific neural activity over large sections of the cortex and over multiple cortical areas. A growing body of literature from multiple animal models suggests that this neural activity can be different when animals are free to move their bodies compared to when they are restrained. Unfortunately, existing systems for imaging calcium dynamics over large areas of the brain in non-human primates (NHPs) are large table-top devices that require researchers to restrain the animal’s head so that it remains under the lens of the microscope. Here, we demonstrate the first fluorescent imaging device, which is capable of imaging mesoscale calcium activity in non-human primates that are free to move their heads. We successfully miniaturized our system by replacing lenses with an optical phase mask and computational algorithms that reconstruct images from complex sensor data. The resulting lensless microscope can fit comfortably on top of the heads of the NHPs, allowing the animals to move their heads freely while imaging. We demonstrate over 20 mm2 field of view in the primary visual cortex of rhesus macaques. With this approach we measured the first orientation columns maps from a head-unrestrained macaque. Our work establishes functional mesoscopic imaging using a head-mounted lensless microscope as a powerful approach for studying neural activity in head-unrestrained NHPs. These experiments can help reveal the relationship between neural activity and behavior under more naturalistic conditions.
Endurance of biologically active phytomarkers passing through classical drug preparation of Rauwolfia serpentina:An investigation by liquid chromatography in dual mode, planar and column. Names of authors
Authors: Hazra Kalyan , Kumar Deepak , Saha Subhodip , Batule Manoj , Mondal Susmita , Debnath Sudipto , Dahiya Jyoti , Dutta Sreya , Bolleddu Rajesh , Mall Simmi , Mandal Achintya , Mangal Anupam Kumar , Singh Ravindra , Singh Arjun , Babu Gajji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Phytocompounds in medicinal plants attribute therapeutic values and are generally called biologically active markers. The fate of marker compounds comes under question when medicinal plants undergo different processes like crushing, grinding, boiling etc. These marker compounds may degrade or decompose and even attain some molecular rearrangement during these processes. As a result, medicinal plants' therapeutic activities may diminish or vanish altogether. Therefore, the efficacy of a particular dosage may not attain as it should possess, and that may be due to the change in the quantity of marker compounds present in the final product or formulation. The present study tried to determine the amount of specific marker reserpine in the root of the Rauwolfia serpentina and sarpagandha ghana satwa (an intermediate prepared from this plant) utilising densitometric HPTLC and HPLC-DAD. The qualitative presence of other secondary metabolites in root and ghana was screened through LC-MS/MS. The study revealed that the quantitative results of HPTLC (0.1742% & 0.1569% for root and ghana, respectively) and HPLC (0.1731% & 0.1535% for root and ghana, respectively) methods were almost similar, and there were no statistically significant differences between the mean values for the root and ghana. The LC-MS/MS data show that there are a few minor changes in the phytochemical array. The set of experiments revealed that secondary metabolites retain their properties in traditional processing.
The Relationship Between Optic Disc-Foveal Distance with Choroidal and Retinal Nerve Fiber Thickness
Authors: KELEŞ Hacı , ZOR Kürşad Ramazan , KÜÇÜK Erkut , BİÇER Gamze YILDIRIM , ÇİÇEK Fatih , CERANOĞLU Faruk Gazi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The optic disc-foveal distance is very important as it is an anatomical measure of the fundus. As this distance increases and the fundus tension, there may be variability in retinal and choroidal thickness. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between optic disc-foveal distance and choroidal and retinal nerve fiber thickness in healthy subjects.
Methods
A total of 72 people between the ages of 20–36 participated in the study. Optic disc-foveal distance was measured with a fundus camera and choroidal and retinal nerve fiber thicknesses were measured with an OCT device. Littmann's formula (t = p × q × s) as modified by Bennett was applied to correct the magnification at the fundus camera imaging stage.
Result
The thickness of the nasal choroid (p:0.005; p:0.006), subfoveal choroid (p:0.004; p < 0.001) and temporal choroid (p:0.001; p:0.001) layers decreased as the DFD increased in both right and left eyes of the individuals participating in the study, which was statistically significant. In addition, it was observed that the RNLF increased as the DFD distance increased, but this was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the optic disc-foveal distance, an anatomical measure of the fundus, does not affect RNLF in young and healthy subjects, but choroidal thickness does.
The clinical impact of change in the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio during the perioperative period in gastric cancer patients who receive curative treatment
Authors: Aoyama Toru , hashimoto itaru , maezawa yukio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aim
Recently, change in the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (cNLR) has been shown to be a promising prognostic marker in some malignancies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of the cNLR in gastric cancer patients who received curative resection.
Patients and methods
The present study included 450 patients who underwent curative treatment for gastric cancer between 2013 and 2017. The cNLR was defined as follows: cNLR = NLR at 1 month after surgery-NLR at 1 week before surgery. The prognosis and clinicopathological parameters of the increased cNLR and decreased cNLR groups were analyzed.
Results
The OS stratified by each clinical factor was compared using the log-rank test, and a significant difference was observed using a cutoff value of cNLR − 0.762. When comparing the patient background factors between the increased cNLR (≥ 0.762) and decreased cNLR (< 0.762) groups, there were no significant differences in age, sex, T status, or N status. In the increased cNLR group, the OS rates at 3 and 5 years after surgery were 87.5% and 77.3%, respectively, while those in the decreased cNLR group were 92.8% and 87.3%; which amounted to a statistically significant difference. The univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with OS showed that cNLR was a significant prognostic factor. When the postoperative course was compared between the two groups, the incidence rates of postoperative surgical complications and other-cause death were significantly higher in the increased cNLR group.
Conclusion
The cNLR is a significant risk factor in gastric cancer patients. Therefore, the cNLR is a promising prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients.
MICROSTATELAB: The EEGLAB toolbox for resting-state microstate analysis
Authors: Kalburgi Sahana Nagabhushan , Kleinert Tobias , Aryan Delara , Nash Kyle , Schiller Bastian , Koenig Thomas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Microstate analysis is a multivariate method that enables investigations of the temporal dynamics of large-scale neural networks in EEG recordings of human brain activity. To meet the enormously increasing interest in this approach, we provide a thoroughly updated version of the first open source EEGLAB toolbox for the standardized identification, visualization, and quantification of microstates in resting-state EEG data. The toolbox allows scientists to (i) identify individual, mean, and grand mean microstate maps using topographical clustering approaches, (ii) check data quality and detect outlier maps, (iii) visualize, sort, and label individual, mean, and grand mean microstate maps according to published maps, (iv) compare topographical similarities of group and grand mean microstate maps and quantify shared variances, (v) obtain the temporal dynamics of the microstate classes in individual EEGs, (vi) export quantifications of these temporal dynamics of the microstates for statistical tests, and finally, (vii) test for topographical differences between groups and conditions using topographic analysis of variance (TANOVA). Here, we introduce the toolbox in a step-by-step tutorial, using a sample dataset of 34 resting-state EEG recordings that are publicly available to follow along with this tutorial. The goals of this manuscript are a) to provide a standardized, freely available toolbox for resting-state microstate analysis to the scientific community, b) to allow researchers to use best practices for microstate analysis by following a step-by-step tutorial, and c) to improve the methodological standards of microstate research by providing previously unavailable functions and recommendations on critical decisions required in microstate analyses.
Spatial and temporal variations of aridity indices in Montenegro
Authors: Burić Dragan , Luković Jelena , Mihajlović Jovan , Pejović Milutin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

In this article, we examine the spatial pattern and trend in aridity in Montenegro from 1961 until 2020. We use temperature and precipitation observational records from 18 weather stations to calculate three aridity (climate) indices: the De Martonne aridity index (IDM), the Lang’s rain factor (RF), and the Pinna combinative index (IP). On an annual scale, all of these three indices show humid to extreme humid atmospheric conditions in Montenegro. At the seasonal and monthly level, calculations are performed for IDM only due to methodological limitations regarding calculation of RF and IP at the seasonal and monthly scale. It was observed that winter, autumn and spring seasons exhibit very humid to extremely humid conditions Based on IDM, while the summer seasons show semi arid conditions mainly in the coastal parts of Montenegro, and neighboring inland. On the monthly level, the period from September to April characterizes humid climate conditions. The month of May shows less humid conditions, while IDM for June belongs to a category of the Mediterranean type climates. July and August exhibit semi arid conditions. Monthly results further show that IDM for the majority of the country trends negative, thus implying a general tendency towards a drier hydroclimate. Statistically significant negative IDM trends are calculated for April and August. The observed tendencies towards arid climate at the start of the vegetative season in April can significantly cause soil moisture deficit. Increasingly arid August conditions of generally high temperature and low water availability can be more detrimental to vegetation and potentially increase the risk of more frequent droughts and wildfires in Montenegro.
Life Cycle Assessment of an Institutional building using OpenLCA software
Authors: Kulkarni Abhishek , Sivakumar M. V.N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
There is a growing recognition in the construction industry of the need to reduce the environmental impacts of buildings and construction projects. This has led to a focus on quantifying and minimizing the energy, carbon, and material footprints of buildings and construction projects, as well as on implementing sustainable design strategies. The combination of tools like Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) are becoming more common as a way to better understand the environmental impacts and to identify opportunities for improvement. By taking a proactive approach to sustainability, the construction industry can play a key role in reducing the overall environmental impact of the built environment. This study is focuses on case study of analysing the environmental impacts of different components of building such as columns, beams, masonry, slabs in an institutional building and determining the impacts on the environment. Masonry with fired clay bricks was found to be the component with maximum environmental impacts and different alternative materials for replacement such as fly ash bricks were assessed in Open-LCA software using Ecoinvent database. Environmental impacts of fired clay bricks and fly ash bricks were compared. Results of reduction in environmental impact are presented.
Accelerating molecular docking using machine learning methods
Authors: Bande Abdulsalam Yazıd , Baday Sefer 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Virtual screening (VS) is one of the well-established approaches in drug discovery which speeds up the search for a bioactive molecule and, reduces costs and efforts associated with experiments. VS helps to narrow down the search space of chemical space and allows selecting fewer and more probable candidate compounds for experimental testing. Docking calculations are one of the commonly used and highly appreciated structure-based drug discovery methods. Databases for chemical structures of small molecules have been growing rapidly. However, at the moment virtual screening of large libraries via docking is not very common. In this work, we aim to accelerate docking studies by predicting docking scores without explicitly performing docking calculations. We experimented with an attention based long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network for an efficient prediction of docking scores as well as other machine learning models such as XGBoost. By using docking scores of a small number of ligands we trained our models and predicted docking scores of a few million molecules. Specifically, we tested our approaches seven datasets that were produced in-house drug discovery studies. In one of the targets, by training only 7000 molecules we predicted docking scores for 3 million molecules with R2 (coefficient of determination) of 0.84. We designed the system with ease of use in mind. All the user needs to provide is a csv file containing smiles and their respective docking scores, the system then outputs a model that the user can use for the prediction of docking score for a new molecule.
Neuroprotection by Post-Stroke Administration of the Slow-Releasing Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Delivery Molecule AP39: Novel Insight into Stroke Therapy.
Authors: Pomierny Bartosz , Krzyżanowska Weronika , Skórkowska Alicja , Jurczyk Jakub , Przejczowska-Pomierny Katarzyna , Szafarz Małgorzata , Marcinkowska Monika , Torregrossa Roberta , Whiteman Matt , Pera Joanna , Budziszewska Bogusława 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ischemic stroke represents a significant global health challenge and ranks as the third leading cause of mortality worldwide, contributing to approximately 12% of total deaths. Despite extensive research endeavors, effective pharmacotherapy options for the treatment of ischemic stroke remain limited. The existing body of evidence concerning the effects of H2S donors in ischemic stroke displays conflicting and ambiguous results. In this study we assess the neuroprotective attributes of AP39, a mitochondria-targeted H2S delivery molecule with a slow-releasing mechanism, in the context of brain ischemia. To achieve this, we employed a rat model of 90-minute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). A single intravenous dose of AP39 (100 nmol/kg) was administered 10 minutes after reperfusion. Our investigation revealed that AP39 treatment yielded improvements, including a reduction in neurological deficits and infarct volume, but also preserved the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Notably, AP39 exhibited pronounced anti-inflammatory activity, as evidenced by a decrease in the levels and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Il-1β, Il-6, TNFα, and IP10. Additionally, AP39 administration resulted in an upregulation of mRNA expression of neurotrophic factors Bdnf and Ngf, while concurrently reducing the ratios of proBDNF/BDNF and proNGF/NGF. Furthermore, AP39 treatment demonstrated an inhibitory effect on the activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), a key mediator of cellular death pathways. Collectively, our findings provide substantial evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of AP39 when administered post-ischemia, thereby highlighting its efficacy in mitigating the detrimental consequences of ischemic stroke.
SO2, silicate clouds, but no CH4 detected in a warm Neptune with JWST MIRI
Authors: Dyrek Achrène , Min Michiel , Decin Leen , Bouwman Jeroen , Crouzet Nicolas , Molliere Paul , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Konings Thomas , Tremblin Pascal , Güdel Manuel , Pye John , Waters L. B. F. M. , Henning Thomas , Vandenbussche Bart , Martinez Francisco Ardevol , Argyriou Ioannis , Ducrot Elsa , Heinke Linus , Looveren Gwenaël Van , Absil Olivier , Barrado David , Baudoz Pierre , Boccaletti Anthony , Cossou Christophe , Coulais Alain , Edwards Billy , Gastaud René , Glasse Alistair , Glauser Adrian , Greene Thomas , Kendrew Sarah , Krause Oliver , Lahuis Fred , Mueller Michael , Olofsson Göran , Patapis Polychronis , Rouan Daniel , Royer Pierre , Scheithauer Silvia , Waldmann Ingo , Whiteford Niall , Colina Luis , Dishoeck Ewine van , Östlin Göran , Ray Thomas , Wright Gillian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The chemical composition of planetary atmospheres bears the imprint of their formation and evolution1,2. Recently, the significance of photochemistry was highlighted through the assignment of sulphur dioxide (SO2) as carrier of a feature near 4.05 μm in the spectrum of a hot (~1200 K) Saturn-mass planet3-5. However, the prevalence of photochemistry and its impact on the composition and stability of atmospheres remains unknown. Here we report the detection of two fundamental vibration bands of SO2 (~9σ) in the atmosphere of the warm super-Neptune planet6,7 WASP-107b using the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). This discovery establishes WASP-107b as the second irradiated exoplanet with confirmed photochemistry, extending the temperature range of exoplanets exhibiting detected photochemistry from ~1200 K down to ~740 K. Additionally, our spectral analysis reveals the presence of silicate clouds, which are strongly favoured (~7σ) over simpler cloud setups. Furthermore, water (H2O) is detected (~12σ), but methane (CH4) is not. These findings provide evidence of disequilibrium chemistry and indicate a dynamically active atmosphere with a super-solar metallicity. These results highlight the importance of the mid-infrared wavelength range in unravelling the chemical and dynamical processes occurring in exoplanet atmospheres.