bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amelioration of Vermicompost and Inorganic Fertilizer on Late-Sown Wheat Productivity
Authors: Karan Shyam , Yadav Deen Dayal , Dawar Rakesh , Kumar Sunil , Pandey Saurabh Raj , Kharshiing Babetlang , Singh Sachin , Singh Sanish 
Published: June 2023

Wheat is the major staple food source worldwide. Due to the excessive use of inorganic fertilizer and unbalanced fertilization, the quality and productivity of soil, as well as the grains are reducing. So, there is a need to apply a balanced mix of organic and inorganic fertilizers to maintain a sustainable yield that helps to feed the ever-increasing population. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with 14 treatments of three replicates. The treatments were as follows: T1; control, T2; Vermicompost (VC) (2.0 t.ha-1), T3; VC (4.0 t.ha-1), T4; VC (6.0 ton.ha-1), T5; RDF (100%), T6; VC (2.0 t.ha-1 + 75% RDF), T7; VC (2.0 t.ha-1 +100% RDF), T8; VC (2.0 t.ha-1 + 125% RDF), T9; VC (4.0 t.ha-1 +75% RDF), T10 VC (4.0 t.ha-1 + 100% RDF), T11; VC (4.0 t.ha-1 + 125% RDF), T12; VC (6.0 t.ha-1 + 75% RDF), T13; VC (6.0 t.ha-1 +100% RDF), and T14; VC (6.0 t.ha-1 +125% RDF). The results revealed that the treatment T14 gave significantly better growth parameters and yield contributing characters with the highest grain and straw yield (4.38 t.ha-1 and 7.13 t/ha, respectively) compared to others. The minimum grain yield (2.74 t.ha-1) and straw yield (4.80 t.ha-1) were recorded under treatment T1 (control).
Effect of Seaweed Extracts on Growth and Yield of China Aster cv. Arka Archana under Prayagraj Agro Climatic Conditions
Authors: David Florence , Joseph Annjoe V. , Kuotsu Nini R. 
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of seaweed extracts on the growth and yield of China aster (cv. Arka Archana). Thirteen different treatments,along with control were employed in order to investigate their effects. The treatments consisted of two concentrations (2ML/L and 4ML/L) of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract, two concentrations (2ML/L and 4ML/L) of Durvillaea potatorum seaweed extract, and application intervals of 5, 10, and 15 days.To ensure accuracy and reliability, each treatment in the study was replicated three times using a randomized block design (RBD).Various growth parameters, including plant height (cm), number of leaves, number of branches, plant spread (cm), were examined to assess the plant's growth progress. The yield parameter was assessed by examining flower yield per plant, flower yield per plot, and flower yield per hectare.Among the different treatments, treatment T9 (2ML/L Ascophyllum nodosum applied at 15 days interval) demonstrated the highest values for various parameters, including plant height (53.41 cm), number of leaves (172.78), number of branches (25.40), plant spread (53.33 cm), flower yield per plant (367.15 g), flower yield per plot (2202.92 g), and flower yield per hectare (23.13 t). Conversely, the control group (water spray) exhibited the lowest values across all parameters. These findings led to the conclusion that foliar applications of 2ML/L Ascophyllum nodosum at 15 days interval have the potential to significantly enhance flower yield, making it a promising option for improving overall productivity.
Factors Influencing Utilization of Insecticide-treated Nets among Pregnant Women and Children in Bayelsa and Rivers States, Nigeria
Authors: Odoko Joseph O. , Moyegbone John E. , Agege Emmanuel A. , Akuirene Omatseye A. , Ofili Charles C. , Nwajei Samuel D. , Benson Ephraim E. , Nwose Ezekiel U. 
Published: June 2023

Aim: Globally, Pregnant women and under five years children are the most vulnerable group in malaria zones. This study aimed to assessed factors influencing utilization of ITNs among pregnant women and care givers of children in Bayelsa and Rivers States, Nigeria.
Methodology: A pretest-posttest descriptive cross-sectional survey of 330 pregnant women and caregivers of children was conducted in Bayelsa and Rivers States using multi-stage random sampling technique. Pretest questionnaire was administered to sampled respondents. Health education intervention was done to motivate behavioral change wheel (BCW) of respondents. Posttest questionnaire was administered two (2) months after health education intervention.
Results: Two hundred and eight (63.0%) of pre and 292(88.5%) of post intervention respondents strongly agreed that using ITNs was the best way to prevent malaria. Findings showed that educated respondents were 4 times more knowledgeable than their uneducated counterparts (O.R.: 4.300, 95% C.I.: 0.838-22.064; p-value: 0.058). Low proportion of post intervention respondents 131(39.7%) slept in the ITNs previous night when temperature was between 26 -240C compared to 224 (67.9%) pre intervention respondents when temperature was between 24 – 250C. Public health education on use of ITNs was statistically significan (t-test: 31.026; P < .05). Being harmful and intolerance due to heat were the negative reasons for not using ITNs.
Conclusion: The factor ‘heat’ during dry season stands as barrier in use of ITNs irrespective of health education intervention. It is recommended that Government policies on ventilated buildings be enforced, as well as improve on quality of the ITNs for hot weather tolerance.
False Positive Results in High-Risk Pregnancy for Chromosomal Anomalies: Psychological Considerations
Authors: Serapinas Danielius , Bitinaite Rugile , Narbekovas Andrius 
Published: June 2023

Background: With a high sensitivity and specificity, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is an incomparable screening test for fetal aneuploidy. However, the method is rather newly introduced, and experiences with false positive results are few. Even rare cases of discordant results may cause psychological stress.
Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to examine false positive cases of NIPT tests in high-risk pregnancies. The literature review was also performed to review psychological consequences of discordant results.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 2015 and 2022. The Natera Panorama test was used to analyse the risk of trisomies 21 (Down syndrome), 18 (Edwars syndrome), 13 (Patau syndrome), X monosomy (Terner syndrome) and other sex chromosome abnormalities. High risk result of NIPT for aneuploidy was confirmed by the invasive testing.
Results: 2000 women with a singleton pregnancy participated in the study. Out of 2000 NIPT tests 22 cases with high risk results for chromosomal anomalies were detected. Only one false positive case with high risk result for trisomy 21 was detected. The overall positive predictive value (PPV) of NIPT for trisomies 21, 13, 18, X monosomy and XYY syndrome was 95%.
Conclusion: Our study has showed only one case with false positive result for trisomy 21. However these cases with discordant results are very sensitive from bioethical point of view. So such couples need further follow up and sometimes even psychological counselling. NIPT due to its high PPV significantly reduces the need for an invasive testing, thereby reducing the risk of miscarriage.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Carbapenem Resistant Organism Causing Nosocomial Infection in Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Bisht Tanu , Rajput Madhurendra Singh , Jain Khyati 
Published: June 2023

Aims: Nosocomial infections are the leading cause of mortality. ESKAPE organisms are the primary causes of nosocomial infection as these organisms are more or less carbapenem resistant. This study aimed to isolate and identify the etiological agents responsible for causing nosocomial infection and determine the carbapenemase producing organism by phenotypic and genotypic detection.
Study Design: The study design is cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, at Index Medical College, Indore, between January 2020 and January 2022.
Methodology: Total of 246 samples was collected from the patients who develop symptoms after 48- 72 hrs of hospitalization. Samples were processed for identification of etiological agents. Gram negative organisms were selected and further identified for carbapenemase enzyme. Screening was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion test and further confirmed by Modified Hodge test, Combined Disc test, Double Disc Synergy Diffusion test and Carbapenem Inactivation method. Genotypic detection was done by using multiplex polymerase chain reaction for KPC, NDM and OXA-48 gene.
Results: Out of 107-gram-negative organisms, 19 (17.75%) were carbapenem resistant. Among 19 carbapenem resistant GNR, 13% MHT, 15% CCDT, 17% DDST and 17% mCIM were positive. The sensitivity and specificity of MHT, CCDT, DDST, mCIM were 74%/100, 84%/100,95%/100 and 95%/100respectively. The genotypic detection shows highest percentage of blaNDM 74% which is followed by bla OXA-48 31% and blaKPC 26%.
Conclusion: Hospitals have become the hotspot for various microorganism causing nosocomial infections and are getting carbapenem resistance due to irrational use of antibiotics. Antimicrobial stewardship is one of the effective measures that minimize the resistance. Proper universal precaution can also minimize, spread of resistance in organism. If the last resort drug gets resistant, then it could be challenging for the clinician to treat their patients. Hospitals should have regular HAI meeting and release of antibiogram to know the pattern of these notorious organisms invading infection.
Geometric Machine Learning
Authors: Weber Melanie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA cornerstone of machine learning is the identification and exploitation of structure in high‐dimensional data. While classical approaches assume that data lies in a high‐dimensional Euclidean space, geometric machine learning methods are designed for non‐Euclidean data, including graphs, strings, and matrices, or data characterized by symmetries inherent in the underlying system. In this article, we review geometric approaches for uncovering and leveraging structure in data and how an understanding of data geometry can lead to the development of more effective machine learning algorithms with provable guarantees.
Super‐Maneuver Flight Control Based on Predefined Time Extended State Observer and Control Allocation
Authors: Li Pengfei , Lin Yetong , Ji Yuehui , Song Yu , Liu Junjie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe supermaneuver flight control problem of fighter aircraft with thrust vector is addressed by proposing a cascade control strategy that incorporates disturbance compensation and control allocation technology. Firstly, an active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) strategy is introduced, which employs a predefined time extended state observer (PTESO) to ensure the convergence of the estimation errors within a predefined time. Secondly, control allocation technology is implemented to address the control allocation challenges in the over‐actuated system of fighter aircraft. In addition, an efficient control allocation technology is utilized to distribute the desired torque priority to the aerodynamic control surfaces, such that the longevity of the thrust vectoring nozzle is enhanced. Finally, numerical simulation results are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Bioelectrically Reprogramming Hydrogels Rejuvenate Vascularized Bone Regeneration in Senescence
Authors: Wu Tianli , Ren Mingxing , Li Yuzhou , Yang Qian , Xiang Kai , Liu Fengyi , Yang Sheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSenescent bone tissue displays a pathological imbalance characterized by decreased angiogenesis, disrupted bioelectric signaling, ion dysregulation, and reduced stem cell differentiation. Once bone defects occur, this pathological imbalance makes them difficult to repair. An innovative synergistic therapeutic strategy is utilized to reverse these pathological imbalances via a conductive hydrogel doped with magnesium ion (Mg2+)‐modified black phosphorus (BP). The hydrogel reprograms electrical signals, restores Mg2+ homeostasis, reconstructs physiological signals, and promotes blood vessel regeneration in senile bone defects. The conductive hydrogel synergistically restores both the chemical and bioelectric signals within the bone microenvironment. This hydrogel increases the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor‐2 (VEGFR2), activates the PI3K‐AKT‐eNOS pathway, and significantly increases the angiogenic ability of vascular endothelial cells in the aged state. In addition, the conductive hydrogel normalizes calcium ion (Ca2+) influx, increases the accumulation of osteogenic transcription factors in the nucleus, and promotes the osteogenic differentiation of senescent stem cells. This innovative treatment strategy restores bone‐vascular coupling in areas of senile bone defects, achieves effective vascularized bone regeneration, and has good potential for the treatment of senile bone defects.
Oncolytic Virus Targeted Therapy for Glioma via Intravenous Delivery
Authors: He Yechenxing , Li Wei , Zhang Xiaowei , Cui Zongqiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGlioma, the deadly primary intracranial tumor, poses challenges in clinical treatment due to its infiltrative growth and resistance to radiation. Oncolytic virus therapy holds potential for the treatment of malignant gliomas, but its application is impeded by the requirement for intracranial injections due to the presence of blood‐brain barrier (BBB). In this study, to overcome this limitation, the study develops a nanocapsule encapsulating the recombinant oncolytic virus EV‐A71‐miR124T, enabling the treatment of glioma through intravenous administration. It is demonstrated that the nanocapsule can cross the BBB and selectively release oncolytic virus at the tumor site, resulting in targeted and specific killing of glioma cells. In mice with implanted intracranial orthotopic gliomas, intravenous administration of the nanocapsule suppresses tumor growth and significantly extends survival time. Consequently, the study establishes an effective treatment method for malignant gliomas using an oncolytic virus nanocapsule through intravenous administration. These findings provide a new strategy for oncolytic virus therapy in glioma treatment and offer perspectives for targeted therapies of other brain tumors and diseases.
Room‐Temperature Magnetic Antiskyrmions in Canted Ferrimagnetic CoHo Alloy Films
Authors: Zhang Jingyan , Dou Pengwei , Xu Jiawang , Jiang Jialiang , Du Haifeng , Zhu Tao , Luo Jia , Zhao Guoping , Wang Yuanbo , Qiu Quangao , Feng Liangyu , Deng Xiao , Ma Tianping , Zhou Shiming , Shen Baogen , Wang Shouguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMagnetic antiskyrmions, the anti‐quasiparticles of magnetic skyrmions, possess alternating Bloch‐ and Néel‐type spin spirals, rendering them promising for advanced spintronics‐based information storage. To date, antiskyrmions are demonstrated in a few bulk materials featuring anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions and a limited number of artificial multilayers. Identifying novel film materials capable of hosting isolated antiskyrmions is critical for memory applications in topological spintronics. Herein, the formation of room‐temperature antiskyrmions in single ferrimagnetic CoHo rare‐metal alloy films of varying thicknesses, observed using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy is reported. Furthermore, rotating magnetic fields (H) are proposed to facilitate antiskyrmion nucleation and enhance their areal density by an order of magnitude compared to that in the same area under individual vertical H. In addition, experimental and phenomenological analysis confirm that antiskyrmion nucleation can be attributed to spin reorientation involving spontaneous canted magnetism, as evidenced by polarized neutron reflectometry. Micromagnetic simulations further show that the antiskyrmion density significantly depends on the magnitude of the rotating field. These findings expand the family of known antiskyrmion‐hosting materials and provide insights into their formation mechanisms, thus serving as a basis for their application in topological spintronics.
Facile Post‐Processing Approach to Modulate Fluorescent Properties and New Matrix‐Assisted Method to Achieve Solid‐State Luminescence of CDs Based on CTAB Surfactant
Authors: Wang Qingxia , Zhang Danyang , Pan Tingyu , Ren Guozhu , Xu Yue , Sun Yitong , Wang Lingdong , Tian Long , Zhou Shihong , Yao Shuang , Zhou Liang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTo realize the practical application of carbon dots (CDs), it is crucial to devise straightforward techniques that can finely modulate the fluorescent properties of CDs. Apart from that, it is imperative to weaken the aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect, which poses a significant challenge to the utilization of solid‐state CDs. In this work, three CDs named as CDs‐1, CDs‐2, and CDs‐3 are synthesized, and the fluorescence tuning of these CDs is successfully realized, assisted by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant, because its unique molecular structure is conducive in bolstering fluorescence intensity and adjusting emission wavelength. Furthermore, the luminescence of solid‐state CDs is successfully achieved by employing CTAB as substrate in the matrix‐assisted synthesis of composites CDs‐1@CTAB, CDs‐2@CTAB, and CDs‐3@CTAB. Notably, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of CDs‐2@CTAB reaches an impressive value as high as 79.31%, surpassing the value of 70.29% obtained by pristine CDs‐2. The experimental results reveal that CDs@CTAB composites exhibit intriguing afterglow characteristics including room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). This work confirms the versatility of CDs and highlights the significance of surfactant‐assisted strategies in improving the performance of CDs.
Enzymatic Asymmetric Synthesis of All Stereoisomers of Aliphatic, Vicinal Diols in Conventional and Non‐Conventional Media
Authors: Nicolas Maria , Küsters‐Spöring Jan‐Dirk , Aufderheide Chiara , Traving Helen , Ronja Kipp Carina , Pfennig Victoria S. , Bolm Carsten , Siegert Petra , Rother Dörte 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChiral, vicinal diols are of high interest for academic research and industrial applications. For synthesizing chiral diols, enzymes are important catalysts due to their high selectivity and ability to work under tolerable temperature and no pressure. In this study, two consecutive enzyme‐catalyzed steps were used for the asymmetric synthesis of aliphatic, vicinal diols with high product concentrations and chiral purity. The reaction comprised a ligation step employing lyases and a subsequent reduction step using oxidoreductases. Either in an aqueous buffer or an organic solvent, the potentially biobased aldehydes acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal, and pentanal were used as substrates. Here, all possible stereoisomers of 2,3‐butanediol, 3,4‐hexanediol, 4,5‐octanediol, and 5,6‐decanediol were produced with isomeric content values between 72% and >99%, and concentrations between 4.1 and 115 mM. This work shows how four symmetric, chiral, vicinal diols can be synthesized by combining enzymes in a modular way, including exemplarily scaling.
Molecular Determinants of Protein Pathogenicity at the Single‐Aggregate Level
Authors: Urbanek Agnieszka , Garland Emma F. , Prescott Emily E. , King Marianne C. , Olerinyova Anna , Wareing Hollie E. , Georgieva Nia , Bradshaw Ellie L. , Tzokov Svetomir B. , Knight Alexander , Tartakovskii Alexander I. , Malm Tarja , Highley J Robin , De Suman 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDetermining the structure‐function relationships of protein aggregates is a fundamental challenge in biology. These aggregates, whether formed in vitro, within cells, or in living organisms, present significant heterogeneity in their molecular features such as size, structure, and composition, making it difficult to determine how their structure influences their functions. Interpreting how these molecular features translate into functional roles is crucial for understanding cellular homeostasis and the pathogenesis of various debilitating diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. In this study, a bottom‐up approach is introduced to explore how variations in protein aggregates’ size, composition, post‐translational modifications and point mutations profoundly influence their biological functions. Applying this method to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's associated proteins, novel disease‐relevant pathways are uncovered, demonstrating how subtle alterations in composition and morphology can shift the balance between healthy and pathological states. This findings provide deeper insights into the molecular basis of protein's functions at the single‐aggregate level, enhancing the knowledge of their roles in health and disease.
A Fuel Cell Power Supply System Equipped with Artificial Gill Membranes for Underwater Applications
Authors: Merckelbach Lucas , Georgopanos Prokopios 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis work proposes a fuel cell power supply system for underwater applications (e.g., autonomous underwater vehicles), where artificial gills, based on a polymer membrane, harvest the required oxygen from the ambient water. In this system, a circulating air‐flow continuously supplies a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with oxygen, which is replenished using a polymer membrane. The membrane serves as the interface between the circulating air‐flow and the ambient water, preventing water flux while allowing an oxygen flux across the membrane, driven by a partial oxygen pressure gradient. To demonstrate the feasibility of this concept, a prototype system was built based on guidelines derived from a mathematical model that was developed to describe the oxygen transfer process. A computational fluid dynamics model is developed and validated against the measurements from the prototype, resulting in a digital twin. The analysis indicates that the proposed power supply system has the potential to be superior to any battery‐based solution currently available.
Achieving Narrowband and Stable Pure Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes by Employing Molecular Vibration Limited Strategies in the Extended π‐Conjugated Indolocarbazole Skeleton
Authors: Wang Zhiheng , Hu Xuming , Yan Zhiping , Liang Jie , Song Xiaoxian , Chen Qishen , Bi Hai , Wang Yue 
Published: January 2025

AbstractB‐ and N‐heterocyclic fluorophores have reveal promising efficiency in blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with small full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum (FWHM). However, their structural determinants for spectral broadening and operating stability are still needed to be investigated in further. Herein, a novel multi‐N‐heterocycles Diindolo[3,2,1jk:3′,2′,1′jk]dicarbazole[1,2‐b:4,5‐b] (DIDCz) is proposed to manipulate the emission color toward pure blue region by extending π‐conjugation of the N‐π‐N bridge. By utilizing computed spectral technique, interrelationships between indolocarbazole (ICz)‐cyclization sites and spectral broadening are defined. Molecular backbone modifications involving optimized 2,3,6,7‐ICz cyclization and steric hindrance substituents are conducive to restricting swing of peripheral bonds and stretching resonances of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) frameworks, thereby contributing to the reduction of shoulder emission peaks. Consequently, the DIDCz‐based chromophore exhibited narrowband blue emission with a FWHM of only 15 nm, achieving highly efficient (external quantum efficiencies of 8.87% in triplet–triplet fusion fluorescence and 22.3% in sensitized fluorescence) and long‐term (95% of the initial luminance of 1000 cd m−2, T95 = 1545 h) electroluminescence performances, showing one of the most narrowband and stable blue OLEDs among the reported PAH chromophores. The current achievements offer a new perspective to manage spectral broadening precisely based on the molecular vibration limiting technique.