bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and characteristics of benign cartilaginous tumours of the knee joint as identified on MRI scans
Authors: Woltsche Johannes Nikolaus , Smolle Maria Anna , Szolar Dieter , Bergovec Marko , Leithner Andreas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Enchondromas (EC) and atypical cartilaginous tumours (ACT) of the knee joint represent benign/intermediate chondromatous neoplasms of the bone that are most commonly discovered incidentally. Based on small to intermediate-sized cohorts, the prevalence of cartilaginous tumours of the knee as visible in MRI is estimated at 0.2–2.9%. This study aimed at verifying/challenging these numbers via retrospective examination of a larger, uniform patient cohort.

Methods
Between 01.01.2007 and 01.03.2020, 44,762 patients had received an MRI of the knee for any indication at a radiologic centre. Of these, 697 patients presented with MRI reports positive for cartilaginous lesions. In a three-step workflow, 46 patients were excluded by a trained co-author, a radiologist and an orthopaedic oncologist, as wrongly being diagnosed for a cartilage tumour.

Results
Of 44,762 patients, 651 presented with at least one EC/ACT indicating a prevalence of 1.45% for benign/intermediate cartilaginous tumours of the knee joint (EC: 1.4%; ACTs: 0.05%). As 21 patients showed 2 chondromatous lesions, altogether 672 tumours (650 ECs [96.7%] and 22 ACTs [3.3%]) could be analysed in terms of tumour characteristics: With a mean size of 1.6 ± 1.1 cm, most lesions were located in the distal femur (72.9%), in the metaphysis of the respective bone (58.9%) and centrally in the medullary canal (57.4%).

Conclusions
This study revealed an overall prevalence of 1.45% for cartilage lesions around the knee joint. Whilst a constant increase in prevalence was found for ECs over 13.2 years, prevalence remained constant for ACTs.
Unhealthy food consumption and its associated factors among infants and young children in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study
Authors: Jemere Deresegne Fentie , Alemayehu Mekonnen Sisay , Belew Aysheshim Kassahun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Many low- and middle-income countries are now shifting toward diets that are higher in added sugars, unhealthy fats, salt, and refined carbohydrates. Childhood obesity and chronic diseases have all been linked to unhealthy food consumption. Despite this, the majority of Ethiopian infants and children consume unhealthy food. There is also a scarcity of evidence. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of unhealthy food consumption and its associated factors among children ages 6–23 months in Gondar City, northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 30 to July 21, 2022, in Gondar city. Multistage sampling was used to select 811 mother-child pairs. Food consumption was measured through a 24-hour recall. Data were entered into EpI Data 3.1 before being exported to STATA 14 for further analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the factors associated with unhealthy food consumption. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to show the strength of the association, while a P-value of 0.05 was used to declare the significance of the association.

Results
The percentage of children with unhealthy food consumption was 63.7% (95% CI: 60.4%, 67.2%). Maternal education [AOR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.05, 3.69], living in an urban residence [AOR = 4.55, 95% CI = 3.61, 7.78], GMP service [AOR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.48, 3.18], age of the child 18–23 months [AOR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.74], and family size of more than four [AOR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.07, 2.78] were significantly associated with unhealthy food consumption.

Conclusion
In Gondar City, nearly two thirds of infants and children received unhealthy food. Maternal education, urban residence, GMP service, child age, and family size were all significant predictors of unhealthy food consumption. Thus, improving the uptake of GMP services and family planning services is critical to reducing unhealthy food consumption.
Thromboelastography with platelet mapping to guide anesthetic management of emergency cesarean delivery in a patient with thrombasthenia: a case report
Authors: Akinaga Chieko , Kawashima Shingo , Suzuki Yuji , Matsumoto Masako , Nakajima Yoshiki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Perinatal management of congenital platelet dysfunction represents a challenge. One of the major concerns is whether neuraxial anesthesia can be applicable for cesarean delivery. We present a patient with thrombasthenia who underwent emergency cesarean delivery.

Case presentation
A 34-year-old primipara was diagnosed with autosomal dominant thrombasthenia, which was not classified as any known type. A thorough examination revealed that adenosine diphosphate aggregation and collagen aggregation were suppressed. Platelet mapping of viscoelastic testing was used to observe the trajectory of platelet function during pregnancy, which was found to be normal to hypercoagulable until 38 weeks of gestation. On the basis of the results of testing and physiological status, we commenced spinal anesthesia and avoided prophylactic platelet transfusion.

Conclusion
The platelet mapping of viscoelastic testing was rapid and simple, allowing repeated examinations. We could choose the appropriate anesthesia method and determine the necessity of blood transfusion for a pregnant patient with thrombasthenia.
Shall we have another? Effects of daycare benefits on fertility, a case study in a region in Northeastern Italy
Authors: Dimai Matteo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolicy attempts in Italy to raise fertility place considerable importance on subsidizing daycare. The aim of this paper is to determine whether receiving a daycare subsidy for one child increases the probability of having a subsequent child in the Friuli Venezia Giulia (FVG) region in Italy. A novel approach is used combining administrative data on the means test certification (Indicatore della Situazione Economica Equivalente or ISEE) needed to access various benefits, matched with the actual subsidy requests. Propensity score matching is applied to the resulting longitudinal data set and the matched data are analyzed with an event history analysis model. Results suggest that besides a positive impact of daycare subsidies and family wealth, non-monetary factors have a larger effect, with female employment having a possible postponement effect on subsequent births.
Epidemiology of anxiety disorders: global burden and sociodemographic associations
Authors: Javaid Syed Fahad , Hashim Ibrahim Jawad , Hashim Muhammad Jawad , Stip Emmanuel , Samad Mohammed Abdul , Ahbabi Alia Al 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Anxiety disorders comprise some of the most common mental health conditions. This study examined the global and regional burden of anxiety disorders over the last three decades. The study was designed to help accurately target preventative and management efforts by highlighting trends and high-risk groups. Epidemiological data relating to anxiety disorders from the latest Global Burden of Disease dataset were analyzed to determine the prevalence, incidence, and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) rates from 1990 to 2019 for 204 countries and regions.

Results
An estimated 4.05% of the global population has an anxiety disorder, translating to 301 million people. The number of persons affected has increased by more than 55% from 1990 to 2019. Anxiety disorder metrics show a continuous increase in prevalence, incidence, and DALY rates. Portugal has the highest prevalence (8,671 cases per 100,000), followed by Brazil, Iran, and New Zealand. The prevalence is higher in high-income regions. Women are 1.66 times more likely to be affected by anxiety disorders than men. Age-standardized rates have remained stable, indicating the possible stability of risk factors.

Conclusions
The prevalence of anxiety disorders has been rising over the last three decades. The prevalence of anxiety appears to increase with socioeconomic development, a higher dependent older population, and urbanization. Future research on this topic could include the development of more accurate cross-cultural metrics to assess anxiety and its correlates, as well as population-based studies to assess trends in anxiety over time.
Fault classification of three phase induction motors using Bi-LSTM networks
Authors: Vanga Jeevesh , Ranimekhala Durga Prabhu , Jonnala Swathi , Jamalapuram Jhansi , Gutta Balaji , Gampa Srinivasa Rao , Alluri Amarendra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe induction motors are back bone of the modern industry and play very important role in manufacturing and transportation sectors. The induction motor faults are mainly classified into internal faults such as inter turn short circuits , broken rotors and external faults such as over load, over voltage faults and asymmetry in supply voltage. The identification of type of fault is very important for safe operation and for preventing risk of machine failures. In this work, a Bidirectional Long Short Term memory networks (Bi-LSTM)-based machine learning methodology is proposed for classification of external faults of Induction Motors. The line voltages of the three phases and the three line currents are considered as the inputs to the Bi-LSTM network for identifying types of fault. Line voltage and line current data sets are considered for six different types of fault conditions. The six different conditions of the three phase induction motor are normal output (NO), overload (OL), over voltage (OV), under voltage (UV), Voltage unbalance (VUB) and single phasing (SP). The BI-LSTM network is trained using Adam optimization algorithm. The classification results are obtained with Bi-LSTM network are compared with LSTM networks to show the advantage of the proposed approach.
The Brain Medicine Clinic: two cases highlighting the advantages of integrative care
Authors: Saravi Seyyedeh Fatemeh Bahari , Mitchell Sara Berman , Levitt Sarah 
Published: May 2023

Background
Current assessment and management models often do not adequately address the many aspects of managing complex brain disorders involving disordered affect, behaviour and cognition (ABC). A more collaborative model of care, where several specialties can jointly assess and manage patients with complex brain disorders, is gaining attention.

Aims
In this case report, we present two cases that highlight the benefits of the ‘brain medicine’ clinical model.

Method
The Brain Medicine Clinic employs an integrated clinical model in which psychiatrists and neurologists provide integrated interdisciplinary assessments of patients with complex brain disorders, leading to comprehensive assessment. We describe the clinical model and the trajectories of two patients with complex brain disorders seen in this clinic. In these case descriptions, we explain how the brain medicine clinical approach leads to an improved patient experience.

Results
The Brain Medicine Clinic assessments resulted in a neurobiopsychosocial formulation of symptoms and, consequently, holistic individualised treatment plans for two patients with complex brain disorders. This approach to patients’ conditions emerges from the understanding that there are multifactorial causes of brain disorders at the social, cultural, psychological and biological level.

Conclusions
Integrated interdisciplinary assessments allow for tailored treatment plans for individuals experiencing complex brain disorders, while creating efficiencies for the patient and the healthcare system.
Investigating the role of relationship satisfaction and paternal psychological distress during pregnancy on offspring health in early life
Authors: Korhonen Laura , Nolvi Saara , Peltola Ville , Lukkarinen Minna , Korja Riikka , Karlsson Linnea , Karlsson Hasse 
Published: May 2023

Background
The research on the role of father in the foetal programming of health and behaviour has received increasing attention. However, the influences of paternal depressive symptoms and couple relationship satisfaction during pregnancy – potentially mediated via maternal well-being – on the offspring's risk of infections in early life is still seldom assessed.

Aims
The aim was to investigate if paternal psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with elevated risk of recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) for offspring at 12 months of age, and whether maternal distress mediates the association between paternal distress and offspring RRIs.

Method
The study population was drawn from the nested case–control cohort of the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Children with RRIs (n = 50) were identified by maternal reports at the age of 12 months, whereas mothers did not report RRIs for the comparison group (n = 716). Parental depressive symptoms were measured with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and couple relationship satisfaction was measured with the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale.

Results
The association between paternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy and offspring RRIs was mediated by maternal prenatal depressive symptoms. Additionally, paternal poorer relationship satisfaction was associated with child RRIs independently of maternal distress.

Conclusions
The results suggest different pathways through which paternal distress during pregnancy may contribute to elevated risk of offspring RRIs, and more research is needed to study their underlying mechanisms. Paternal distress and couple relationship satisfaction during pregnancy should be assessed and screened as a contributor to offspring health.
Prevalence and determinants of incident and persistent depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in Thailand: prospective cohort study
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl , Anantanasuwong Dararatt 
Published: May 2023

Background
There are no longitudinal studies investigating determinants of incident and persistent depressive symptoms in Southeast Asia.

Aims
To estimate the proportion and correlates of incident and persistent depressive symptoms in a prospective cohort study among middle-aged and older adults (≥45 years) in Thailand.

Method
We analysed longitudinal data from the Health, Aging, and Retirement in Thailand (HART) surveys in 2015 and 2017. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Logistic regression was used to calculate predictors of incident and persistent depressive symptoms.

Results
In total, 290 of 4528 participants without depressive symptoms in 2015 had incident depressive symptoms in 2017 (9.8%) and 76 of 640 adults had persistent depressive symptoms (in both 2015 and 2017) (18.3%). In adjusted logistic regression analysis, having diabetes (adjusted odds ratio AOR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.07–2.05), musculoskeletal conditions (AOR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.01–2.41) and having three or more chronic conditions (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.67–3.90) were positively associated and higher subjective economic status (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.31–0.72) and social participation (AOR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.90) were inversely associated with incident depressive symptoms. Having a cardiovascular disease (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.01–2.39) and having three or more chronic conditions (AOR = 2.47, 95% CI 1.07–5.67) were positively associated and social participation (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.26–0.87) was inversely associated with persistent depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
One in ten middle-aged and older adults had incident depressive symptoms at 2-year follow-up. The prevalence of incident and/or persistent depression was higher in people with a lower subjective economic status, low social participation, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular conditions and a higher number of chronic diseases.
Does Anyone Suffer From Teenage Motherhood? Mental Health Effects of Teen Motherhood in Great Britain Are Small and Homogeneous
Authors: O'Flaherty Martin , Kalucza Sara , Bon Joshua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Teen mothers experience disadvantage across a wide range of outcomes. However, previous research is equivocal with respect to possible long-term mental health consequences of teen motherhood and has not adequately considered the possibility that effects on mental health may be heterogeneous. Drawing on data from the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study, this article applies a novel statistical machine-learning approach—Bayesian Additive Regression Trees—to estimate the effects of teen motherhood on mental health outcomes at ages 30, 34, and 42. We extend previous work by estimating not only sample-average effects but also individual-specific estimates. Our results show that sample-average mental health effects of teen motherhood are substantively small at all time points, apart from age 30 comparisons to women who first became mothers at age 25‒30. Moreover, we find that these effects are largely homogeneous for all women in the sample—indicating that there are no subgroups in the data who experience important detrimental mental health consequences. We conclude that there are likely no mental health benefits to policy and interventions that aim to prevent teen motherhood.
Targeting Revolutionaries
Authors: Burton Orisanmi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis essay traces the emergence of the carceral warfare project, a clandestine campaign to infuse US prisons with the logics and techniques of counterinsurgency. First exposed by Black Liberation Army member Dhoruba bin-Wahad, the project came into being between 1970 and 1978. The article begins by discussing the theory undergirding the carceral warfare project, a reactionary idea known as “the issue exploitation thesis.” Starting in 1970, seasoned cold warriors renovated their long-standing arguments against communism for application against imprisoned Black revolutionaries. Next, the FBI’s little-known Prison Activists Surveillance Program (PRISACTS) is discussed. Focusing on the words and deeds of George Jackson and Donald Bordenkircher—two central figures positioned on opposite sides of the struggle—the essay shows how the bureau used PRISACTS to treat carceral spaces as zones of counterrevolutionary warfare. Although the FBI officially discontinued PRISACTS in 1976, the final section argues that the FBI’s counterrevolutionary methodology had already been integrated into state prison systems by this date. Ultimately, this essay demonstrates that through prisons, internal security operatives engage in a plausibly deniable form of counterinsurgency warfare that seeks to isolate political prisoners from each other, from the general prison population, from their outside networks of support, and even alienates them from themselves.
Malaria and typhoid fever among patients presenting with febrile illnesses in Ga West Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Rufai Tanko , Aninagyei Enoch , Akuffo Kwadwo Owusu , Ayin Christian Teye-Muno , Nortey Priscillia , Quansah Reginald , Cudjoe Francis Samuel , Tei-Maya Ernest , Osei Duah Junior Isaiah , Danso-Appiah Anthony 
Published: May 2023

Background
Clinicians in areas where malaria and typhoid fever are co-endemic often treat infected patients irrationally, which may lead to the emergence of drug resistance and extra cost to patients. This study determined the proportion of febrile conditions attributable to either malaria and/or typhoid fever and the susceptibility patterns of Salmonella spp. isolates to commonly used antimicrobial agents in Ghana.

Methods
One hundred and fifty-seven (157) febrile patients attending the Ga West Municipal Hospital, Ghana, from February to May 2017 were sampled. Blood samples were collected for cultivation of pathogenic bacteria and the susceptibility of the Salmonella isolates to antimicrobial agents was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with antibiotic discs on Müller Hinton agar plates. For each sample, conventional Widal test for the detection of Salmonella spp was done as well as blood film preparation for detection of Plasmodium spp. Data on the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants were collected using an android technology software kobo-collect by interview.

Results
Of the total number of patients aged 2–37 years (median age = 6 years, IQR 3–11), 82 (52.2%) were females. The proportion of febrile patients with falciparum malaria was 57/157 (36.3%), while Salmonella typhi O and H antigens were detected in 23/157 (14.6%) of the samples. The detection rate of Salmonella spp in febrile patients was 10/157 (6.4%). Malaria and typhoid fever coinfection using Widal test and blood culture was 9 (5.7%) and 3 (1.9%), respectively. The isolates were highly susceptible to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin but resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, gentamicin, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, and meropenem.

Conclusion
Plasmodium falciparum and Salmonella spp coinfections were only up to 1.9%, while malaria and typhoid fever, individually, were responsible for 36.3% and 6.4%, respectively. Treatment of febrile conditions must be based on laboratory findings in order not to expose patients to unnecessary side effects of antibiotics and reduce the emergence and spread of drug resistance against antibiotics.
Feasibility of self-organized blood sample collection in adults for study purposes in a primary care setting
Authors: Schröder Dominik , Müller Frank , Heesen Gloria , Hummers Eva , Dopfer-Jablonka Alexandra , Vahldiek Kai , Klawonn Frank , Steffens Sandra , Mikuteit Marie , Niewolik Jacqueline , Heinemann Stephanie 
Published: May 2023

Background/aims
The COVID-19 pandemic situation poses new challenges for research. Ethical issues might arise if especially vulnerable individuals for severe COVID-19 course expose themselves because of participation in studies to a higher risk of infection for study purposes. How is the feasibility and acceptance of self-organized blood sample collections to measure anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG antibodies in persons with a high risk for a severe COVID-19 disease progression?

Methods
Persons with a high risk for a severe COVID-19 disease progression (immunocompromised, oncology patients or over 80 years old) were recruited between January and September 2021 to send in blood samples (at least 500 μl) 1 month and 6 months after second COVID-19 vaccination. Participants were given the choice of drawing capillary or venous blood themselves or having blood drawn by health professionals belonging to either the study’s own research team or the personnel found in local practices or clinics. Participants were surveyed via a telephone interview in December 2021 and January 2022 about their choice of blood sampling methods and influence of blood collection choice upon study participation.

Results
Data from 360 participants was collected via telephone follow-up. First blood samples were collected by the participants themselves (35.8%), local practices or clinics (31.9%) and the research team (22.5%). Second blood samples were mostly collected in local practices or clinics (35.6%) followed by participants themselves (25.9%) and the research team (11.5%). Blood samples were not collected in 2.5% and 19.1% of persons during first and second blood draw, respectively. Only 2% of blood samples did not reach the laboratory or were not analyzable. About one-fourth (26%) of participants stated that they would not have participated in the study if it would have been required to travel to the university hospital to give their blood sample.

Conclusions
Participants were able to self-organize blood collection, making use of several different blood sample methods. Nearly all blood samples were analyzable when self-collected and sent in by post. One-fourth of the participants would not have participated in the study if required to give their blood sample in the study location.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trial Registry, DRKS00021152.