bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solving a Dirichlet problem on unbounded domains via a conformal transformation
Authors: Gibara Ryan , Korte Riikka , Shanmugalingam Nageswari 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we solve the p-Dirichlet problem for Besov boundary data on unbounded uniform domains with bounded boundaries when the domain is equipped with a doubling measure satisfying a Poincaré inequality. This is accomplished by studying a class of transformations that have been recently shown to render the domain bounded while maintaining uniformity. These transformations conformally deform the metric and measure in a way that depends on the distance to the boundary of the domain and, for the measure, a parameter p. We show that the transformed measure is doubling and the transformed domain supports a Poincaré inequality. This allows us to transfer known results for bounded uniform domains to unbounded ones, including trace results and Adams-type inequalities, culminating in a solution to the Dirichlet problem for boundary data in a Besov class.
The application of fluorescence spectroscopy and machine learning as non-destructive approach to distinguish two different varieties of greenhouse tomatoes
Authors: Slavova Vanya , Ropelewska Ewa , Sabanci Kadir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe application of interdisciplinary non-invasive diagnostic methods combining fluorescence spectroscopy with multiple machine learning algorithms as tools for rapid application in tomato breeding programs is essential when crossing specific genotypes or parental samples to obtain representatives with better performance. Non-destructive distinguishing tomato species is of great importance for the preservation of product quality. This study aimed at combining fluorescence spectroscopic data and machine learning algorithms for distinguishing greenhouse tomatoes. The models for the discrimination of greenhouse tomato samples were built based on selected spectroscopic data using different machine learning algorithms from the groups of Meta, Functions, Bayes, Trees, Rules, and Lazy. The confusion matrices with accuracy for each sample, average accuracy, time taken to build the model, Kappa statistic, mean absolute error, root mean squared error and relative absolute error were determined. The greenhouse tomato samples were discriminated with an accuracy reaching 100% for the models built using Multi-Class Classifier (Meta), Logistic (Function), Bayes Net (Bayes), PART (Rules), and J48 (Trees). In the case of these algorithms, Kappa statistic was 1.0 and mean absolute error, root mean squared error and relative absolute error were equal to 0.
OECD indicator ‘AMI 30-day mortality’ is neither comparable between countries nor suitable as indicator for quality of acute care
Authors: Stolpe Susanne , Kowall Bernd , Werdan Karl , Zeymer Uwe , Bestehorn Kurt , Weber Michael A. , Schneider Steffen , Stang Andreas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Hospital mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI, ICD-10: I21–I22) is used as OECD indicator of the quality of acute care. The reported AMI hospital mortality in Germany is more than twice as high as in the Netherlands or Scandinavia. Yet, in Europe, Germany ranks high in health spending and availability of cardiac procedures. We provide insights into this contradictory situation.

Methods
Information was collected on possible factors causing the reported differences in AMI mortality such as prevalence of risk factors or comorbidities, guideline conform treatment, patient registration, and health system structures of European countries. International experts were interviewed. Data on OECD indicators ‘AMI 30-day mortality using unlinked data’ and ‘average length of stay after AMI’ were used to describe the association between these variables graphically and by linear regression.

Results
Differences in prevalence of risk factors or comorbidities or in guideline conform acute care account only to a smaller extent for the reported differences in AMI hospital mortality. It is influenced mainly by patient registration rules and organization of health care. Non-reporting of day cases as patients and centralization of AMI care—with more frequent inter-hospital patient transfers—artificially lead to lower calculated hospital mortality. Frequency of patient transfers and national reimbursement policies affect the average length of stay in hospital which is strongly associated with AMI hospital mortality (adj R2 = 0.56). AMI mortality reported from registries is distorted by different underlying populations.

Conclusion
Most of the variation in AMI hospital mortality is explained by differences in patient registration and organization of care instead of differences in quality of care, which hinders cross-country comparisons of AMI mortality. Europe-wide sentinel regions with comparable registries are necessary to compare (acute) care after myocardial infarction.

Graphical abstract
The impact of pollution on the dynamics of industry location and residence choice
Authors: Commendatore P. , Kubin I. , Sodini M. , Sushko I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper we analyze the role of pollution for industry location and residence choice. We present a new economic geography (NEG) model in which manufacturing generates local pollution (that does not accumulate) and uses two types of labour input: unskilled workers that cannot migrate and work where they live; and high-skilled entrepreneurs that choose where to produce and where to live. Taking on board costless commuting or, in alternative, distance working, entrepreneurs can live in a different location from production. Both types of households enjoy utility from consuming all commodities (locally and imported variants) and suffer from local pollution. The resulting model is of the footloose entrepreneur variant, but involves two dynamic equations: the standard one governing the residential choice of entrepreneurs, and another one governing where production is located. The current paper analyses the discrete time dynamic process defined by a two-dimensional piecewise smooth map. Depending on parameters this map can have possibly coexisting attractors of various types (fixed points, cycles, closed curves as well as chaotic attractors). We analytically obtain stability conditions for the fixed points. Using numerical methods we describe also some global dynamic properties of the considered map. Finally, we propose an economic interpretation of the results concerning local stability analysis and global dynamics.
Shake-table test on a historical masonry aggregate: prediction and postdiction using an equivalent-frame model
Authors: Tomić Igor , Beyer Katrin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractModeling the seismic response of historical masonry buildings is challenging due to many aleatory and epistemic uncertainties. Additionally, the interaction between structural units further complicates predictions of the seismic behavior of unreinforced masonry aggregates found throughout European city centers. This motivated the experimental campaign on half-scale, double-leaf stone masonry aggregates within the SERA (Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Research Infrastructure Alliance for Europe)—Adjacent Interacting Masonry Structures project. The experimental campaign included a blind prediction competition that provided participants with data on materials, geometry, construction details, and seismic input. After the test, the actual seismic input and all recorded and processed data on accelerations, base-shear, and displacements were shared with participants. Instead of a single analysis for the prediction phase, we performed broader stochastic incremental dynamic analyses to answer whether the common assumptions for aggregate modeling of either fully coupled or completely separated units yield safe predictions of aggregate behavior. We modeled buildings as equivalent frames in OpenSEES using a newly developed macroelement, which captures both in-plane and out-of-plane failure modes. To simulate the interaction between two units, we implemented a new material model and applied it to zero-length elements connecting the units. Our results demonstrate the importance of explicitly modeling the non-linear connection between the units and using probabilistic approaches when evaluating the aggregate response. Although modeling simplifications of the unit interaction and deterministic approaches might produce conservative results in predicted failure peak ground acceleration, we found that these simplified approaches overlook the likely damage and failure modes. Our results further stress the importance of calibrating material parameters with results from equivalent quasi-static cyclic tests and using appropriate damping models.
Drivers, predictors, and probabilities of plant extinctions in South Africa
Authors: Van der Colff D. , Kumschick S. , Foden W. , Raimondo D. , Botella C. , von Staden L. , Wilson J. R. U. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how and why plants are driven to extinction is important if future extinctions are to be prevented. Here we examined reasons for extinctions of plants using data from the South African Red List, which includes 33 Extinct taxa from 15 families and 24 genera including seven infraspecific taxa. We also compared Extinct taxa with those that are threatened and not-threatened, exploring predictors of extinction based on traits, distribution, and anthropogenic threats. Finally, we applied two structured approaches to estimate the probability of extinction—the first uses argument-maps based on threat information and the second is based on survey-effort. We found that most extinctions were recorded in the Cape Floristic Region and were of perennial shrubs. Most taxa recorded as Extinct were only known from one site and are assumed to have been range restricted. Range size was, therefore, unsurprisingly the strongest predictor of extinction. The next strongest predictor was habitat loss. Based on the argument-map approach only 36% of Extinct taxa met an assigned extinction threshold, with most taxa categorised as Critically Endangered Possibly Extinct (50%). Only two taxa had sufficient data to evaluate the survey-effort approach. We support the use of both the argument-map and the survey-effort approaches to evaluate evidence for extinction but caution against strictly applying these methods as the only assessment tools. These approaches provide an evidence-based, quantitative, and well-documented process to support Red List assessments. Furthermore, they highlight knowledge gaps, the value of surveys and the need to improve threat documentation and monitoring. Use of these approaches can improve understanding of species ecology, thereby providing an essential foundation for conservation efforts to prevent extinctions.
Applicability of magnetic seeds for target lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in initially node-positive breast cancer patients: data from the AXSANA study
Authors: Hartmann Steffi , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Stickeler Elmar , de Boniface Jana , Gentilini Oreste Davide , Kontos Michalis , Seitz Stephan , Kaltenecker Gabriele , Wärnberg Fredrik , Zetterlund Linda Holmstrand , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Fröhlich Sarah , Kühn Thorsten 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Currently, various techniques are available to mark and selectively remove initially suspicious axillary lymph nodes (target lymph nodes, TLNs) in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). To date, limited data are available on whether the use of magnetic seeds (MS) is suitable for localizing TLNs. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of MS in patients undergoing target lymph node biopsy (TLNB) or targeted axillary dissection (TAD) after NACT.

Methods
Prospective data from the ongoing multicentric AXSANA study were extracted from selected patients in whom the TLN had been marked with an MS before NACT and who were enrolled from June 2020 to June 2023. The endpoints of the analysis were the detection rate, the rate of lost markers, and the potential impairment on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment.

Results
In 187 patients from 27 study sites in seven countries, MS were placed into the TLN before NACT. In 151 of these, post-NACT surgery had been completed at the time of analysis. In 146 patients (96.0%), a TLN could successfully be detected. In three patients, the seed was removed but no lymphoid tissue was detected on histopathology. The rate of lost markers was 1.2% (2 out of 164 MS). In 15 out of 151 patients (9.9%), MRI assessment was reported to be compromised by MS placement.

Conclusion
MS show excellent applicability for TLNB/TAD when inserted before NACT with a high DR and a low rate of lost markers. Axillary MS can impair MRI assessment of the breast.

Trial registration number
NCT04373655 (date of registration May 4, 2020).
Predictors of Seeking Mental Health Treatment in Black Men: Therapy Fears and Expectations About Counseling
Authors: Turner Erlanger A. , Douglas Courtland , Haseeb Abdul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current study examined predictors of mental health treatment among Black men while incarcerated. Participants were 76 individuals who identified as Black Americans and were recruited from a correctional setting. Using secondary data analysis (Shaw, L. B., & Morgan, R. D. (2011). Inmate attitudes toward treatment: Mental health service utilization and treatment effects. Law and Human Behavior, 35(4), 249–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-010-9233-5.), results indicated that Black men with a mental health diagnosis were more likely than those without a diagnosis to report receiving mental health treatment while incarcerated. Additionally, linear regression analyses indicated that only expectations about treatment (i.e., personal commitment; not therapy fears or history of mental health diagnosis) significantly predicted the current use of mental health treatment. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
HIF1α and HIF2α immunoreactivity in epithelial tissue of primary and recurrent pterygium by immunohistochemical analysis
Authors: Schoelles Kristina Joana , Kemper Katharina , Martin Gottfried , Boehringer Daniel , Brinks Katarzyna , Mittelviefhaus Hans , Reinhard Thomas , Auw-Haedrich Claudia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are considered to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of pterygium. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative expression or immunoreactivity of HIF1α and HIF2α in the epithelium of primary pterygium, recurrences and healthy conjunctiva.

Methods
Immunohistochemical staining was performed with antibodies against HIF1α and HIF2α, respectively, on 55/84 primary pterygium specimens, 6/28 recurrences and 20/20 control tissues (healthy conjunctiva).

Results
Immunohistochemical staining revealed lower epithelial immunoreactivity of HIF1α and HIF2α in both primary pterygium (11% and 38%) and recurrences (18% and 21%) when compared to healthy conjunctival tissue (46% and 66%). Differences between immunoreactivity of HIF1α and of HIF2α in primary pterygium and controls were each highly significant (p < .001). Within the group of primary pterygium, epithelial immunoreactivity of HIF2α (38%) was significantly higher than that of HIF1α (11%). In recurrent pterygium and healthy conjunctiva, immunoreactivity levels of HIF2α were higher than those of HIF1α as well; however, differences between both isoforms were not significant.

Conclusion
Our study shows evidence that the higher expressed epithelial HIF2α, rather than HIF1α, and the balance between both HIF isoforms might be relevant factors associated with pathogenesis of primary pterygium. Modulation of HIF2α levels and activity may thus offer a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of advancing pterygium where the initial stage with its HIF1-peak has already passed.
Alternative output, input and income concepts for the production accounts
Authors: Diewert W. Erwin , Fox Kevin J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDefinitions of output and input are key to studies of productivity analysis, as they are to the national accounts of countries. This paper systematically reviews alternative definitions at production unit and aggregate levels, illustrating the different perspectives that they provide on production and income, and making the case for their use in understanding different aspects of firm and country economic performance.
Organizational normativity and teleology: a critique
Authors: Corti Luca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, so-called organizational accounts (OA) have emerged in theoretical biology as a powerful, viable strategy for naturalizing teleology and normativity. In the wake of the theoretical tradition of autopoiesis and biological autonomy, OA notably propose a new meaning for the notion of “organization,” which they claim to be capable, among other things, of grounding objective and observer-independent normative teleological ascriptions. In this paper, I focus on this last claim, asking “How are ‘organization’ and ‘normativity’ conceptually connected?” The basic insight mobilized by the OA framework to answer this question is most often expressed as a counterfactual argument regarding the “conditions of existence” of organized entities. In this paper, I show that careful scrutiny of this core OA argument reveals a substantial shortcoming. To make this point, I first analyze how the OA framework positions the idea of “conditions of existence” via the notions of “dependence”, “constraint,” and “closure.” Second, I consider various possible interpretations of the OA counterfactual argument grounding norms. I conclude that the implications of this argument do not enable OA to deliver what they promise, i.e., a straightforward link between organization and norms. I argue that a different strategy is needed to capture the basic organizational intuition about biological normativitiy and suggest that a stipulative route might be better suitable to that end.
Stormwater Suspended Solids and Pollutant Concentrations in an Urban Stream
Authors: Spence K. , Gilbert I. , Robson M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe chemical and ecological quality of small rivers or streams is not normally classified, but any urban stormwater discharges will result in their impairment. To assist in understanding the resulting applied environmental stress to benthic communities, the empirical relationships between in-stream suspended solids and metal pollutants, initially identified by principal component analysis, are explored using data from a small urbanised upland catchment. When data are amalgamated from individual storms, a correlation for each metal pollutant with suspended solids is obtained, starting very strongly, and decreasing in the order Fe > Al > Mn > Pb > Cr > Zn > Cu > Ni. Comparison of pollutant/solids correlations for individual storms is, for some metals, excellent, but differing intercepts and/or gradients can be obtained for an individual metal between storms. The practice of assessing their correlation based on event mean concentrations or longer-term averages across several storm events may conceal strong correlations for individual storms, exemplifying the impact of variable catchment characteristics and storm conditions; Cd and Be are poorly correlated with suspended solids and are likely affected by changes in background pollution levels. The analysis of covariance also highlights a significant difference between certain storm events for specific metals, which calls into question the validity of using combined storm-event datasets. The relationships identified here enable the determination of stormwater pollutant loads from suspended solids concentrations for heavy metals and are useful for developing water quality assessments.
Usability evaluation of the international FitBack web portal for monitoring youth fitness
Authors: Carraro Attilio , Santi Giampaolo , Colangelo Alessandra , Mäestu Jarek , Milošević Vladimir , Morrison Shawnda A. , Olvera-Rojas Marcos , Podnar Hrvoje , Jurak Gregor 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFitBack is an international network established to support the creation of physical fitness monitoring and surveillance systems for children and adolescents across Europe.AimsAs a part of the greater scope of the FitBack European project, the FitBack web portal was designed and tailored for various target groups, such as teachers, health professionals, policy makers, parents, and youths, with the aim to promote their physical and health literacy.MethodsThe FitBack web portal is a free and multilingual online resource, and two of its webpages were evaluated: “Make interactive report” was evaluated by 78 secondary school students and 27 physical education teachers, and “10 steps to design a physical fitness monitoring system” by 14 physical activity promotion policy makers. Validated scales and open-ended questions were used to collect both quantitative and qualitative responses.Results‘Good’-to-‘excellent’ scores emerged for user experience (5.43–6.36 out of 7) and webpage usability (3.70–4.27 out of 5). Qualitative feedback highlighted positive comments and cues on how to improve website features.ConclusionsResults indicate that the current FitBack web portal is a clear and user-friendly mobile health tool, which includes relevant information on how to use and implement youth physical fitness monitoring and surveillance systems.
Influence of dwell time and temperature on the measured gloss of printed UV-inks containing aluminum pigments
Authors: Weber Carl Fridolin , Polat Ilayda , Sauer Hans Martin , Dörsam Edgar , Schmitt-Lewen Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between measured gloss and the microstructure of printed UV-inks containing aluminum pigments. Using a laboratory flexo printing machine, UV-inks containing leafing-type vacuum metallized pigments were printed onto Chromolux paper and primed MultiArt Gloss paper. The time between printing and curing of the ink (dwell time) was varied between the experimental runs. For some samples, hot air was applied onto the uncured UV-ink during the dwell time. The influence of heat (hot air) and dwell time on gloss and the topography of the pigment layer as well as the influence of the substrate was investigated. Roughness and waviness data were obtained using a confocal microscope (Sensofar PLu Neox), gloss measurements were obtained using an IQ-S gloss meter. It was shown that a longer dwell time as well as hot air has a positive influence on the specular gloss measured on the metallic ink printed on Chromolux paper. Also, good correlations could be found between specular gloss, roughness, and waviness, respectively. For primed Multi Art Gloss paper, however, a longer dwell time and hot air can have a negative influence on specular gloss. Also, correlations between roughness, waviness and specular gloss are not as strong as for Chromolux paper.