bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma disinfection procedures for air and surfaces in emergency service vehicles - a field trial at the German red cross
Authors: Schaal Tom , Schmelz Ulrich 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The need for disinfection in ambulances is high as medical procedures are performed inside the cars and patients may have open wounds that pose a high risk of infection. The application of reactive products from air's oxygen and water vapor, brought to reaction through cold plasma, can be a solution to the discrepancy in surface hygiene. The cell membrane of the microorganisms is perforated by the charged particles of the cold plasma. This is impossible in human cells because proteins in the form of enzymes break down the cold plasma and protect the cells. An ambulance was contaminated in 8 places. Samples were taken at each site and two surfaces of approximately 8x8 cm were sealed and marked. Both surfaces were contaminated with an Enterococcus faecium suspension of 8.5x107CFU/mL by applying the suspension with a sterile cotton swab. Then, the disinfection process was applied. The PLASMOCAR® device was placed in the front work surface and operated for 30 minutes using the vehicle's onboard voltage. During operation, doors and windows were closed and the vehicle's air conditioning was active. The surfaces for bacterial counts were sampled after the disinfection process was completed. A reduction of 3.73 log levels in initial bacteria was achieved in the rescue vehicle for Enterococcus faecium, equivalent to a 10-4-fold reduction in bacteria, eliminating up to 99.99% of the initial microorganisms. This makes the process suitable as a continuously "background" procedure to support and relieve established disinfection procedures. The established disinfection procedures per hygiene plan should be recognized as soon as mechanical cleaning of surfaces is needed. The use of PLASMOCAR® provides additional security and significantly reduces the background risk of transmitting microorganisms through cross-contamination and aerosols, a relevant benefit for staff and patients.
Acne Vulgaris Severity Analysis Application
Authors: Nethravathi B , Aradita C , Veeranna S , Patil Vikram , Nagaraj Sushruth , Kulkarni Suvanta A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The most common skin problem, acne vulgaris, may have serious financial and psychological implications for individuals who have it, thus it's crucial to have an accurate grading system for effective treatment. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based skin image analysis has gained a lot of relevance in recent years, particularly for analyzing and assessing the skin images captured by mobile phones. The difficulty in accurately assessing the severity of acne lies in the similarity of lesion appearances and the challenge of counting lesions. The study suggested a mobile app that can identify different forms of acne to solve this problem by using photos of facial skin. This study employed the You Only Look Once (YOLO) deep learning algorithm to find and identify acne. Comedone, papule, pustule, and nodule are the four forms of acne vulgaris taken into consideration. The dataset used to train and test the model is taken from the ACNE04 dataset and a private dataset from the dermatology OPD of JSS Medical Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. The app showed positive outcomes in severity analysis, showing dermatologist-level diagnosis. This application could be a valuable tool for clinicians with a smart phone to assess acne severity quickly and conveniently, anywhere and at any time.
Effect of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction on miRNA-17-5p Expression and PI3K/Akt/mTOR/GSDMD Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Song Hanbing , Liu Hongpeng , Lee Pengfei , Lee Zhigang , He Linqin , Chen Qipeng , Tang Zonghan , Fei Wang , Lee Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent chronic knee joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration and joint damage, with pain and joint deformity as the primary clinical manifestations. Emerging literature indicates that pyroptosis plays a pivotal role in the progression of KOA. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), especially Duhuo Jisheng Decoction has exhibited anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential in the treatment of KOA. However, it remains unclear whether it can affect pyroptosis and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we established a rat model of KOA, and the Lequesne MG score confirmed the successful establishment of the arthritis model, demonstrating the therapeutic efficacy of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction in KOA treatment. Histopathological analysis showed a reduction in pathological damage to the synovial tissue of knee joints in Duhuo Jisheng Decoction treatment groups. Moreover, Duhuo Jisheng Decoction exhibited a regulatory effect on inflammatory factors in joint effusion. Consistent beneficial effects of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction were also observed in IL-1β induced SW1353 cells in vitro. We found that Duhuo Jisheng Decoction upregulated the expression of miR-17-5p. Both Duhuo Jisheng Decoction or overexpression of miR-17-5p can suppress the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the cleavage of GSDMD invlovled in pyroptosis. Together, our results suggest that Duhuo Jisheng Decoction regulates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway via miRNA-17-5p, thereby affecting the expression of pyroptosis key protein GSDMD. These findings contribute to our understanding of the relevant mechanisms in the treatment of KOA and provide insights into the application of TCM in managing KOA.
Does trade openness increase CO2 emissions in Africa? A revaluation using the composite index of Squalli and Wilson
Authors: MIGNAMISSI Dieudonné , TEBENG Eric Xaverie POSSI , TCHINDA Arnold Dilane MOMOU 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to provide new evidence on the relationship between trade openness and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Africa. Based on recent data and an uncommon and more informative composite indicator of trade openness proposed by Squalli and Wilson (2011), we use an augmented Stochastic Impact by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology (STIRPAT) model. Empirical evidence using the Two Stage Least Square estimation (2SLS) validates the “pollution haven” hypothesis and shows that trade openness increases CO2 emissions in Africa. However, the elasticity varies greatly depending on the different measures of trade openness used. Moreover, we find that trade openness is associated with an increase in CO2 emissions in North Africa, South Africa and West Africa, but rather has a negative effect on CO2 emissions in East Africa and in Central Africa. Furthermore, the quantile regression approach shows that the effect of trade openness is increasing on the Q10th, Q25th, Q50th, and Q75th quintiles, but decreasing at the Q90th quintile, thus highlighting the "scale effect". The results obtained are robust even when using other indicators of environmental quality.
JEL classification: F18; F64; N57; N77; Q56.
Species composition determines bioplastics production in photosynthetic microbiomes: strategy to enrich cyanobacteria PHB-producers
Authors: Altamira-Algarra Beatriz , Lage Artai , García Joan , Gonzalez-Flo Eva 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biopolymer synthetized by numerous bacterial species as intracellular carbon storage, which emerged as an alternative to fossil-based plastics. In this study, we elucidate the implications of harnessing photosynthetic microbiomes for the production of polyhidroxybutyrate (PHB). While previous studies have predominantly focused on photosynthetic cultures, such as cyanobacteria, maintained in axenic cultures, our work delves into uncharted territory by examining photosynthetic microbiomes. The distinctiveness of our approach lies in the utilization of complex microbial communities rather than single-strain systems under non-sterile conditions and maintained for a long-term period (197 days). The aim of this study was to set the operating mode in regards to nutrients, temperature and light to use as a strategy to enrich a microbiome rich in cyanobacteria in PHB-producers in order to enhance this biopolymer production. Alternate growth and accumulation phases were conducted for 197 days in a 3 L photobioreactor.
Results
The cyanobacteria rich microbiome achieved a PHB content of up to 22 % dry cell weight (dcw) PHB, indicating successful development of biopolymer-producing biomass. To optimize growth, N concentration was set at 25 mg·L-1 and darkness was ensured during PHB accumulation phase. Since we observed that presence of green microalgae potentially reduced PHB production, a low P concentration as well as high temperature were also implemented. Our findings underscore the significance of microbiome robustness in maintaining stable and efficient PHB production.
Conclusions
Results demonstrated the potential application of this methodology to enhance PHB production in a robust microbiome rich in cyanobacteria. This study breaks new ground by exploring the realm of photosynthetic microbiomes, shifting the focus from axenic cultures to more ecologically relevant systems.
SeptoSympto: A high-throughput image analysisof Septoria tritici blotch disease symptoms using deep learning methods
Authors: Mathieu Laura , Reder Maxime , Siah Ali , Ducasse Aurélie , Langlands-Perry Camilla , Marcel Thierry C. , Morel Jean-Benoît , Saintenac Cyrille , Ballini Elsa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Quantitative, accurate, and high-throughput phenotyping of crop diseases is needed for breeding programs and plant-pathogen interaction investigations. However, difficulties in the transferability of available numerical tools encourage maintaining visual assessment of disease symptoms, although this is laborious, time-consuming, requires expertise, and rater dependent. Deep learning has produced interesting results for plant disease evaluation, but has not yet been used to quantify the severity of Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by Zymoseptoria tritici, a frequently occurring and damaging disease on wheat crops.
Results
We developed a Python-coded image analysis script, called SeptoSympto, in which deep learning models based on the U-net and YOLO architectures were used to quantify necrosis and pycnidia, respectively. Small datasets of different sizes (containing 50, 100, 200, and 300 leaves) were trained to create deep learning models and to facilitate the transferability of the tool, and five different datasets were tested to develop a robust tool for the accurate analysis of STB symptoms. The results revealed that (i) the amount of annotated data does not influence the good performance of the models, (ii) the outputs of SeptoSympto are highly correlated with those of the experts, with a similar magnitude to the correlations between experts, and that (iii) the accuracy of SeptoSympto allows precise and rapid quantification of necrosis and pycnidia on both durum and bread wheat leaves inoculated with different strains of the pathogen, scanned with different scanners and grown under different conditions.
Conclusions
Although running SeptoSympto takes longer than visual assessment to evaluate STB symptoms, it allows the data to be stored and evaluated by everyone in a more accurate and unbiased manner. Furthermore, the methods used in SeptoSympto were chosen to be not only powerful but also the most frugal, easy to use and adaptable. This study therefore demonstrates the potential of deep learning to assess complex plant disease symptoms such as STB.
Analytical Study on Seismic Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Frame Equipped with Steel Damping System with Shear Mechanism Fuse
Authors: Foyouzati Amin , Kazemi Mohammad Taghi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Passive energy damper systems have been considered as efficient and practical method to improve seismic behaviour of structures under lateral loads including seismic. In this study, a new passive steel damping system with shear mechanism fuse was introduced and design procedures, recommended equations, parametric and analytical studies on this novel system were provided for strengthening and retrofitting purposes of reinforced concrete moment frames. Finite element modelling of the flexural behaviour, shear and axial failures of the concrete and steel members were conducted by fiber model techniques. Nonlinear analysis was conducted to evaluate the seismic performance, hysteresis response and stability, controlled damage and guided yielding, stiffness and ultimate strength, ductility and energy dissipation of this system were evaluated and compared with the moment frame. Analytical results explained that proposed damping system improved seismic performance of reinforced concrete moment frame, while increased stiffness, strength, energy dissipation by increasing damping in non-linear phase and ductility of structure at the same time. This proposed damping system can be easily replaced after severe earthquakes when it was damaged. This study seeks to promote using this damping system because of its ease of construction, availability, affordability, and economical aspect as well as its seismic performance.
Mega-cities dominate China’s urban greening
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxin , Brandt Martin , Tong Xiaoye , Tong Xiaowei , Zhang Wenmin , Reiner Florian , Li Sizhuo , Tian Feng , Yue Yuemin , zhou weiqi , Chen Bin , Xiao Xiangming , Fensholt Rasmus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Trees play a crucial role in urban environments, offering various ecosystem services that contribute to public health and human well-being. China has initiated a range of urban greening policies over the past decades, however, monitoring their impact on urban tree dynamics at a national scale has proven challenging. In this study, we deployed nano-satellites to quantify urban tree coverage in all major Chinese cities larger than 50 km2 in 2010 and 2019. Our findings indicate that approximately 6000 km2 (11%) of urban areas were covered by trees in 2019, and 76% of these cities experienced an increase in tree cover compared to 2010. Notably, the increase in tree cover in mega-cities such as Beijing, and Shanghai was approximately twice as large as in most other cities (7.69% vs 3.94%). The study employs a data-driven approach towards assessing urban tree cover changes in relation to greening policies, showing clear signs of tree cover increases but also suggesting an uneven implementation primarily benefiting a few mega-cities.
Patient-Specific Pharmacokinetics and Dasatinib Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Adegbite Benjamin O. , Abramson Matthew H. , Gutgarts Victoria , Musteata Florin M. , Chauhan Kinsuk , Muwonge Alecia N. , Meliambro Kristin A. , Salvatore Steven P. , El Ghaity-Beckley Sebastian , Kremyanskaya Marina , Marcellino Bridget , Mascarenhas John O. , Campbell Kirk N. , Chan Lili , Coca Steven G. , Berman Ellin M. , Jaimes Edgar A. , Azeloglu Evren U. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Dasatinib has been associated with nephrotoxicity. We sought to examine the incidence of proteinuria on dasatinib and determine potential risk factors that may increase dasatinib-associated glomerular injury.

Methods
We examined glomerular injury through urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) in 82 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia who were on tyrosine-kinase inhibitor therapy for at least 90 days. t tests were used to compare mean differences in UACR, while regression analysis was used to assess the effects of drug parameters on proteinuria development while on dasatinib. We assayed plasma dasatinib pharmacokinetics using tandem mass spectroscopy and further described a case study of a patient who experienced nephrotic-range proteinuria while on dasatinib.

Results
Participants treated with dasatinib (n=32) had significantly higher UACR levels (median 28.0 mg/g; interquartile range, 11.5–119.5) than participants treated with other tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (n=50; median 15.0 mg/g; interquartile range, 8.0–35.0; P < 0.001). In total, 10% of dasatinib users exhibited severely increased albuminuria (UACR >300 mg/g) versus zero in other tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Average steady-state concentrations of dasatinib were positively correlated with UACR (ρ=0.54, P = 0.03) and duration of treatment (P = 0.003). There were no associations with elevated BP or other confounding factors. In the case study, kidney biopsy revealed global glomerular damage with diffuse foot process effacement that recovered on termination of dasatinib treatment.

Conclusions
Exposure to dasatinib was associated with a significant chance of developing proteinuria compared with other similar tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Dasatinib plasma concentration significantly correlated with higher risk of developing proteinuria while receiving dasatinib.
Generación de caudales medios a partir de registros diarios de precipitaciones utilizando un modelo de tanques: caso de estudio, cuencas en la zona minera del sur del Cesar
Authors: Rodríguez Diaz Héctor Alfonso , Otálora Carmona Andrés Humberto 
Published: June 2023

Este artículo presenta los análisis y resultados de los estudios realizados por el Centro de Estudios Hidráulicos de la Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería correspondiente a la generación de series de caudales medios diarios en las cuencas que drenan la zona minera en el sur del Cesar, aplicando el modelo de tanques utilizado en el software hec-hms. La investigación ha desarrollado una metodología para estimar, para cada subcuenca, series diarias de caudales medios diarios a partir de registros de precipitaciones y series diarias de evapotranspiración potencial. La metodología incluye la determinación de parámetros iniciales del suelo, de la cobertura vegetal y coeficientes de reducción de la evapotranspiración potencial. El modelo describe la calibración del modelo a partir de los registros diarios de caudales de estaciones localizadas en diferentes puntos sobre el cauce principal de la cuenca en estudio. Tomando como punto de partida los valores iniciales del modelo, se ajustaron los parámetros del suelo (velocidad de infiltración, capacidad de campo, coeficiente de cultivo, almacenamiento inicial) y los factores de reducción de la evapotranspiración potencial hasta conseguir una similitud entre los caudales medios diarios registrados y los caudales medios diarios modelados. El contraste de los resultados se llevó a cabo aplicando diferentes metodologías que permitieron estimar la correlación entre los datos modelados y los datos observados.
Análisis del impacto de los subsidios sociales: propuesta para mejor asignación en República Dominicana
Authors: Llaugel Felipe , Llaugel Melanie 
Published: June 2023

En este trabajo se analiza el alcance y costo de la protección social implementada en la República Dominicana desde el 2004, tomando en cuenta sus principales dimensiones y la efectividad de la misma desde el punto de vista de la solución a la que va dirigida. El choque provocado por la pandemia del 2020 afectó considerablemente a la población vulnerable y el volumen y variedad de los subsidios sociales no han podido satisfacer los retos presentados, dado que la población necesitada de ayuda aumentó, y los recursos del Estado son limitados. Metodológicamente, se propone el uso de gráficas dinámicas para analizar simultáneamente variables de interés, así como la adaptación y aplicación del análisis de envoltura de datos (DEA por las siglas en inglés) para medir la eficiencia en la asignación de los subsidios sociales más importantes. Se concluyó que la combinación novedosa de las técnicas empleadas mejora la asignación de los subsidios. Finalmente, apoyados en una plataforma web para su visualización, se presentan sugerencias para mejorar las políticas públicas de distribución de los subsidios.
Medicinal Importance of Azadirachta indica: An Overview
Authors: Devi Jyoti , Sharma Ram Babu 
Published: June 2023

Background: The neem tree has a long history of being referred to as a "wonder tree." Since the time of the Vedic civilization, neem has been used therapeutically in many different ways in India. The various components of the neem tree, including the stem, bark, roots, leaves, gum, seeds, fruits, and flowers, have a no. of chemical constituents and have been used as traditional medicines. The seeds, leaves, blossoms, and bark of this tree, are used for treating various diseases. Since ancient times, neem tree extracts have been widely employed in health management because they possess a number of health-promoting qualities. Some of the chemical constituents are named quercetin, azadirachtin, a number of limonoids, nimbosterol, etc.
Objective: The aim of this review is to highlight the potential of Azadirachta indica in the treatment of various ailments and prospects associated with the delivery of Azadirachta indica.
Methods: We reviewed the literature from journal publication websites and electronic databases, such as Bentham, Springer, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, etc.
Results: The abundant availability of sources of Azadirachta indica makes a point in favor of exhaustive exploration of this plant. This plant has been used in the treatment of a number of ailments from ancient times by human beings and these are reported to be having anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antihyperglycemic, and antioxidant potential.
Conclusion: There are a number of health benefits of Azadirachta indica. The neem tree (Azadirachta indica) is found to have various medicinal/pharmacological actions.
Keywords: Azadirachta indica, quercetin, carcinogenic, pharmacological effect, hepatoprotective, peroxidation.
Gobernanza territorial para la salud en Medellín y el cuidado comunitario frente a la COVID-19
Authors: Chavarria-Guzmán Kathleen , Martínez-Herrera Eliana , Hernández-Carmona David , Olga Lucía Ostos Ortiz Olga Lucía Ostos Ortiz 
Published: June 2023

Introducción. Existen enormes desafíos para la medición de la gobernanza debido a la diversidad de aproximaciones poco reconocidas entre actores involucrados y los ajustes en las políticas de salud. Objetivo. Identificar acciones de gobernanza territorial para el cuidado de la salud gestionadas por líderes comunitarios durante el segundo pico de la pandemia COVID-19 para el fomento y resiliencia comunitario. Materiales y métodos. Se aplicó un cuestionario, de cinco dimensiones y 43 preguntas, a 139 líderes de las comunas de Castilla, Belén y Guayabal. Se utilizó la prueba chi cuadrado de Pearson para medir diferencias por comuna y se realizó un análisis de correspondencia múltiple para explorar aspectos espaciales y relacionales. Resultados. Evitar reuniones (p=0,002), mantenerse informado (p=0,034), participar en redes de apoyo (p=0,051), realizar campañas informativas (p=0,017), incentivar actividades para recuperar la economía (p=0,027), la participación en espacios virtuales (p=0,004), el apoyo a familias de escasos recursos (p=0,009) y a los más vulnerables (p=0,002) fueron algunas de las acciones medidas, encontrando un manejo diferenciado por los líderes de cada comuna. En el ACM se encontró un nivel de correspondencia alto respecto a las acciones de cuidado y utocuidado motivadas por el líder, un nivel medio frente a las características de los entornos y las acciones gestionadaspor el líder y un nivel bajo en las acciones colectivas. Conclusión. Se evidencian acciones orientadas a una gobernanza territorial para salud en la promoción de la salud para hacer frente a la COVID-19 en los líderes comunitarios de las comunas estudiadas.