bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
دراسة أداء القطاعات العمومية والخاصة في الجزائر
Authors: نصيب أ.د.رجم 
Published: July 2023

تقوم الدولة منذ زمن بعيد بدورهام جدا في الحياة الاقتصادية، فعلا، فإنها بدأت بإنشاء مؤسسات عمومية في كل قطاعات النشاط الاقتصادي والاجتماعي و ذلك لترقية النمو الاقتصادي. ولكن هذه المؤسسات مع مرور الزمن أضحت غير فعالة بسبب تعدد الأهداف المحددة لها من قبل الدولة، في إطار السياسة الاقتصادية والتنمية الوطنية (١٦ و۱۷ و ۲۰). ونفس هذه المؤسسات العمومية استمرت في نشاطها بسبب السياسة المالية والنقدية المنتهجة من قبل الدولة بهدف تقليل احتمال إفلاسها.
КӨРКЕМ МӘТІНДЕГІ АВТОР МОДАЛЬДЫЛЫҒЫ, АВТОР БЕЙНЕСІ ЖӘНЕ ТІЛДІК ТҰЛҒА КАТЕГОРИЯЛАРЫ
Authors:   Ш.Уәлиханов атындағы Көкшетау университеті, Көкшетау қ., Шалабай Б. , Искакова Г.Ж. ,   Ш.Уәлиханов атындағы Көкшетау университеті, Көкшетау қ.
Published: July 2023

Тіл білімінің бүгінгі даму деңгейі тұрғысынан саралағанда адам факторының тілдегі көрінісі, яғни тілдік тұлғасы деген мәселелер өте өзекті. Мақалада көркем мәтінді ұйымдастырушы категориялардың ішінде ең маңыздылары – мәтін модалдылығы және автор бейнесі категориялары талданады, әрі тілдік тұлға мәселесі қарастырылады. Зерттеу әдістері ретінде мәтінді кешенді талдау әдісі, яғни сипаттамалық, семантика-стилистикалық, контекстік әдіс қолданылды.	Автор бейнесі көркем шығармада тілдік құралдар арқылы жасалады, бірақ ол оқырман санасында туындайды. Мәтін модальдылығы автордың мәтіндегі хабарланған жайға қатынасы, көзқарасы, ұстанымы, оқырманға жеткізуге бағытталған өзіндік құндылықтары ретінде анықталады. Көркем мәтінде мәтін модалдылығы лексикалық, грамматикалық, синтаксистік және прагматикалық құралдар арқылы жүзеге асады. Зерттеу жұмысының материалы ретінде қазақтың заңғар жазушысы Ә.Кекілбаевтың "Аңыздың ақыры" романы алынды. Кілт сөздер: көркем мәтін, автор модалдылығы, автор бейнесі, тілдік тұлға, автор ұстанымы.
«ҚАЛАЛЫҚ МӘТІН» ТЕРМИНІ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯСЫНЫҢ РАКУРСТАРЫ
Authors:   А.Қ. Құсайынов атындағы Еуразия гуманитарлық институты, Астана қ., Аманғазықызы М. , Оразбек М.С. ,   Л.Н. Гумилев атындағы Еуразия ұлттық университеті, Астана қ.
Published: July 2023

«Қалалық мәтін» ұғымы кешенді әрі көпқырлы болғандықтан күні бүгінге дейін ғылымда бұл терминнің нақты анықтамасы қалыптаспаған. Аталған мақалада әдебиеттегі урбанизм, қалалық мәтіннің көркем кодтары (табиғи және мәдени бейнелер, уақыт пен кеңістікті, олардың шектілігі пен созылыңқылығын бейнелеу тәсілдері, адамдардың тегі мен аттары, топонимдер, метабейнелеу элементтері, жалпы лексикалық-ұғымдық сөздік), қалалық мәтіндегі хронотоп мәселелері қарастырылады. Сонымен қатар қалалық мәтінде концепт, мотивтер мен сюжеттердің бірлікте қарастырылатындығы ғылыми зерттеулермен дәйектелген. Зерттеудің әдіснамасы ретінде Н.П. Анциферов, Ю.М. Лотман, В.Н. Топоров, К. Линч, Н.В. Шмидт, Н.А. Кожевникова, Н.В. Корниенко, М.А. Селеменева, Н.Д. Арутюнова және т.б. ғалымдардың еңбектері негізге алынған. Сондай-ақ, әдеби шығарманың көркемдік әлеміндегі қалалық мәтін мен қалалық дискурс ұғымдарының арақатынасы мәселесі де айқындалған. Себебі урбанистік дискурста дүниеге келіп, соның нәтижесі болып табылатын қала мәтіні онымен құрылымында көрінетін сабақтас байланыста болады деп айқындалған.	Зерттеу нәтижесінде алынған тұжырымдарды жоғары оқу орындарында әдебиет теориясы мен поэтикасы сияқты теориялық курстарды оқытуда, арнаулы курстар мен семинарларда, қазіргі әдебиеттанудағы жаңа бағыттардың қалыптасуын зерттеуде пайдалануға болады.	Кілт сөздер: қалалық мәтін, дискурс, урбанистика, қала, қалалық мәтін компоненттері.
БІЛІМ АЛУШЫЛАРДЫҢ ЗЕРТТЕУШІЛІК ҚАБІЛЕТІН ДАМЫТУДАҒЫ ЖОБА ӘДІСІ
Authors:   «Семей қаласының Шәкәрім атындағы университеті» КеАҚ, Семей қ, Муканова К.К. 
Published: July 2023

Мақалада ғылыми қызметті ұйымдастырудың қағидаттары мен құрылымын білу, алған білімін ғылыми зерттеулер барысында қолдана алу, ғылыми зерттеулердің қолданыстағы тұжырымдарын, теориясы мен тәсілдерін сыни көзбен талдай алу, алған білімдерін жаңа таныс емес жағдайларда зерттеу міндеттерін шешу үшін ықпалдастыра алу сияқты мәселелерді шешудің жолы қарастырылады. Ғылыми-зерттеуді және ғылыми-педагогикалық істерді ұйымдастырудың методологиясын және жоспарлау алгоритмін білуге негізделген жоба әдісі ұсынылады. Білім алушылардың зерттеушілік қабілетін дамытуда жоба әдісінің (зерттеушілік бағыт) мүмкіндіктері анықталады. Білім алушыларды болaшaқ өмірге бейімдеп, өздігінен жұмыс жaсaп, шешім шығаруға бейім маман дайындаудағы жоба әдісінің дидактикалық шарттары қарастырылады. Қaзaқ тілін ғылыми-ізденушілік бaғыттa оқытудың қaзіргі жүйесі мен қоғaмдық-әлеуметтік тaлaп aрaсындaғы сәйкессіздіктің тaбиғaтын aшып, оқу үдерісінің жaңa бaғыттaрын сaрaлaйды.	Кілт сөздер: ғылыми зерттеу қызметі, зерттеушілік қабілет, зерттеушілік бағыт, жоба әдісі, ғылыми-ізденіс, қолданбалы-практикалық.
فعالية محتوى برنامج التربية البيئية في تنمية المفاهيم والاتجاهات البيئية لدى طلبة الجغرافية في كلية التربية أرحب
Authors: المقدم نبيلة 
Published: July 2023

يهدف البحث إلى وضع قائمة للمفاهيم البيئية التي يجب أن يتضمنها محتوى مقرر التربية البيئية لطلبة كلية التربية أرحب جامعة صنعاء، ووضع مقايس للاتجاه نحو البيئة ومشكلاتها في ضوء مجالات البيئة الأساسية المنبثقة من واقع المشكلات البيئية الموجودة في الجمهورية اليمنية. والتعرف على المفاهيم البيئية المتضمنة حاليا في محتوى مقرر التربية البيئية، وعلى مدة فعالية هذا المحتوى في تنمية المفاهيم والاتجاهات البيئية لديهم، وقد اقتصرت حدود البحث على تحليل محتوى مقرر التربية البيئية لدى طلبة كلية التربية أرحب جامعة صنعاء، وفق برنامج التربية البيئية المكون من (198) صفحة، وتم تطبيق أدوات البحث على طلبة قسم الجغرافيا بالمرحلة الثالثة بكلية التربية أرحب، وقياس تحصيل الطلاب للمفاهيم البيئية. وقد توصل البحث إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين طلاب كلية التربية في بداية الفصل الدراسي الثاني ونهاية مقايس الاتجاه نحو البيئة ومشكلاتها مما يوضح أن برنامج إعداد المعلم بكلية التربية ليست موجهة إلى تنمية الاتجاهات البيئية لدى الطلبة بطريقة مقصودة.
أثر استخدام طريقة الاستقصاء في تنمية التحصيل وبقاء أثر التعلم بمادة الاجتماعيات لدى تلاميذ الصف التاسع الأساسي في مدينة ذمار.
Authors: الهادي د. أحمد مسعد أحمد على 
Published: July 2023

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى معرفة أثر استخدام طريقة الاستقصاء في تنمية التحصيل وبقاء أثر التعلم بمادة الاجتماعيات " مجال الجغرافيا " لدى تلاميذ الصف التاسع الأساسي في مدينة ذمار، واستخدم المنهج التجريبي لملائمته طبيعة البحث وأهدافه، حيث قام الباحث ببناء وإعداد أدوات البحث والمكونة من: ( دليل المعلم، كراسة نشاط التلاميذ ، الاختبار التحصيلي)، وبعد التأكد من صدق وثبات الأداة تم تطبيقها على عينة من تلاميذ الصف التاسع الأساسي في مدرسة الرواد النموذجية الأهلية، وتكون مجتمع البحث من جميع تلاميذ الصف التاسع في مدينة ذمار، واختيرت العينة بصورة عشوائية من الشعب الدراسية بالصف التاسع بالمدرسة وهي شعبة (ب، ج ) وبعدد (60) تلميذا، (30) تلميذا في المجموعة التجريبية و(30) تلميذا في المجموعة الضابطة، وبعد الانتهاء من تطبيق التجربة تم تفريغ البيانات وترميزها وتحليلها بواسطة برنامج الحزمة الإحصائية (SPSS (، وأظهرت نتائج البحث وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05) بين متوسط تحصيل تلاميذ المجموعة التجريبية في التطبيقين القبلي والبعدي ولصالح التطبيق البعدي، وبحجم أثر كبير. ووجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05) بين متوسط تحصيل تلاميذ المجموعة التجريبية والمجموعة الضابطة في التطبيق البعدي للاختبار التحصيلي ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية، وبحجم أثر كبير. وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05) بين متوسط تحصيل تلاميذ المجموعة التجريبية في التطبيقين البعدي والمؤجل "بقاء أثر التعلم" للاختبار التحصيلي.
جوانب استهداف الاتفاقيات والمواثيق الدولية للأسرة المسلمة من خلال مؤتمري القاهرة وبكين-دراسة تحليلية نقدية في ضوء الفكر الإسلامي
Authors: صلاح د. أحمد عبد الله 
Published: July 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان دور المواثيق والمؤتمرات الدولية في استهداف الأسرة المسلمة، وبيان أهم الجوانب التي استهدفها مؤتمرا القاهرة وبكين. أما تقسيم البحث فقد قسمناه إلى: مقدمة، وتمهيد، وثلاثة مباحث، فخاتمة. تضمَّنت المقدمة: أهمية البحث، وأهدافه، وأسباب اختياره، ومنهج البحث، والدراسات السابقة، وحدود البحث، وتقسيماته. وتضمَّن التمهيد: التعريف بمصطلحات البحث. ثم جاء المبحث الأول تحت عنوان: أهم الاتفاقيات والمواثيق الدولية التي تستهدف الأسرة المسلمة. وجاء المبحث الثاني تحت عنوان: جوانب استهداف الأسرة المسلمة من خلال مؤتمري القاهرة وبكين. وجاء المبحث الثالث تحت عنوان: أهداف وإجراءات مؤتمري القاهرة وبكين من منظور إسلامي. وتضمنت الخاتمة: أهم النتائج والتوصيات التي توصل إليها البحث، ومن أهمها: أن مؤتمري القاهرة وبكين يدعوان إلى مجموعة من المخالفات الشرعية، وأنه تم استهداف الأسرة المسلمة من جوانب عديدة منها: الجانب التعليمي، والثقافي، والصحي، والاقتصادي، والسياسي، والأخلاقي، والاجتماعي.
The extent to which the Faculty members of the Scientific Departments at the Faculty of Education, Thamar University, practice and master the skills of Teaching from the point of view of their Students
Authors: Al-Sanea Mohammed Ibrahim 
Published: July 2023

The study aims at identifying to what extent the members of the teaching staff in the scientific departments; Faculty of Education, Thamar University practice and master their teaching performance from the point of view of their students in the fourth level of (Biology, Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics). The study tool in its initial form has consisted of (62) items, and after presenting it to a group of specialized arbitrators and an exploratory sample, the items of the tool in its final form amounted to (51) items. Its validity and reliability were identified and then applied to the study sample of (140) students from the fourth level of the said departments. The standard of mastery and proficiency was set at (80%) according to the referees' opinions.
The study reached a number of results, including that the respondents' responses and their judgment about the degree of practice and proficiency was very low, at a rate of 27% compared to the degree of mastery and mastery specified in the study. This is due to a number of justifications that were discussed in the results and their interpretation. The study has recommended the need to pay attention to the provision of materials attached to the teaching processes, especially the practical ones, so that the teaching performance reaches a satisfactory acceptance rate.
تقديرات الهوامش التسويقية لأهم محاصيل الخضار والفواكه في الجمهورية اليمنية للمدة (1990-2004)
Authors: الأكوع د. أحمد علي 
Published: July 2023

تعتبر دراسة الهوامش التسويقية من الأهمية بمكان، لدورها الأساسي في فهم طبيعة المشاكل التسويقية من ناحية، ومعرفة مستوى التطور والأداء الذي بلغته أي دولة في نظامها التسويقي من ناحية أخرى. من هذا المنطق، أجريت هذه الدراسة، بهدف تقدير الهوامش التسويقية لأهم محاصيل الخضار والفاكهة في الجمهورية اليمنية خلال المدة (1990-2004) والكشف من خلالها عن واقع التسويق في اليمن بما في ذلك معرفة الخدمات التسويقية المقدمة للسلع المبحوثة وانعكاسات ذلك على أسعارها الزراعية بين سوقي
الجملة والتجزئة. خلصت الدراسة إلى أن متوسط الهامش التسويقي للخضار بلغ 25 % والفاكهة 10 % من متوسط أسعارهما في أسواق التجزئة على مستوى الجمهورية. وبقدر ما تعكس هذه النتيجة مستوى منخفضًا للتكاليف التسويقية للمحاصيل المدروسة بين أسواق الجملة والتجزئة، إلا أنها تشير من ناحية أخرى إلى ضعف الأجهزة التسويقية ومحدودية الخدمات والوظائف التسويقية المؤداة على تسويق هذه السلع في اليمن، مما يستدعي تقوية وتطوير هذه الأجهزة التسويقية.
The most important factor behind students ' weakness in English language from the point view of English Language teachers
Authors: Al-Kahtani Dr. Hamud A. 
Published: July 2023

This study aimed at finding out the most important factor behind students ' weakness
in English language from the view of English Language teachers identifying . The study used the analytic descriptive research design as well as questionnaire. The questionnaire was given to the sample of the study at the university of Thamar and Sana'a University. The study reached the following results: 1. Students' background in English language is weak thus it affects their learning. 2. Lack of listening evaluation was found to be one of the most important factors behind students' weakness in English language. 3. Society's negative attitudes towards learning English language affects students' learning of English language.

Lack of listening lab was found to be one of the most important factors behind students' weakness in English language.
Colestasis intrahepática por Treponema pallidum en paciente inmunocompetente
Authors: Orozco-Sebá Beatriz E. , Viasus Diego , Meléndez Esperanza , Fuentes Jairo , Tovar José , Amado Elkin A. , Loaiza Daniela 
Published: July 2023

La hepatitis por Treponema pallidum es una entidad poco frecuente y su diagnóstico representa un reto clínico. Treponema pallidum debe considerarse como etiología presuntiva en todo paciente con enfermedad hepática aguda, en el cual se hayan descartado otras causas más frecuentes.Se presenta el caso de un paciente joven, inmunocompetente, quien presentó elevación de los valores de las pruebas hepáticas con patrón colestásico y lesiones maculopapulares en palmas y plantas. Dado su cuadro clínico, las pruebas diagnósticas y la respuesta a la terapia antimicrobiana instaurada, se estableció el diagnóstico de colestasis por una sífilis secundario sifilítiao. Es importante incluir la sífilis secundaria entre las posibles causas de enfermedad hepática aguda.
Investigating the Usefulness of Wild Dioscorea esculenta (Wild Yam) Flour as Substrate for Citric Acid Biosynthesis
Authors: Ezea Ifeanyi Boniface , Ewoh Anthonia Ngozi , Ezugwu Roseline  Ifeyinwa 
Published: July 2023

Background and Objective: The cost of substrate represents a significant percentage of the total biosynthesis cost of citric acid. There is need to continue searching for better and cheap underutilize starchy raw material for citric acid biosynthesis. Therefore, the objective of this research was to biologically synthesis citric acid in submerged fermentation of Aspergillus niger using wild Dioscorea esculenta (wild yam) tubers.
Methodology: Submerged fermentation was conducted and the effect of Dioscorea esculenta concentrations, combined pretreatment and membrane permeability induction on citric acid biosynthesis were carried out.
Results: Citric acid concentration increased as the concentration of the wild yam increased with maximum citric acid production of 10.5 ± 0.9 g/ l after 96 hours of fermentation. The overnight combined pretreatment with 0.3 % NaOH before pretreatment at 121oC for 20 minutes as one time combined pretreatment yielded 15. 0 ±1.2 g/l citric acid. Calcium chloride membrane induction produced 24.5 ± 1.3 g/l citric acid concentration respectively after 96 hours of fermentation.
Conclusion: The result showed that wild Dioscorea esculenta tubers can be used as a substrate for the biosynthesis of citric acid. The biosynthesis of citric acid from Dioscorea esculenta tubers was enhanced by increased in concentration, combined pretreatment and membrane permeability induction.
Factors Militating against Community Policing in Curbing Kidnapping in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Darl Ochiagha, Chibuike , Uzoamaka Chuke, Ngozi , Elizabeth Okoye, Onyinyechi 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the study was to determine the factors militating against community policing in curbing kidnapping in Anambra State. The study was guided by two research questions and two hypotheses. The design used in the study was a descriptive research design. The population for the study was 1,620 members of the vigilantee group in Anambra State. The sample size was 321 members of the vigilantee group in Anambra State and was arrived at using Taro Yamane sample size formula. Muti-stage sampling technique was used. The instrument for the study was 11 items sructured questionnaire titled “Factors Militating against Community Policing in Curbing Kidnapping Questionnaire” (FMCPCK). Using Cronbach Alpha, a reliability coefficient of 0.81 was obtained on the ICPCKQ instrument. The two research questions that guided the srudy were responded to using mean and standard deviation. T-test was used for Ho1, while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for Ho2. It was found out that some factors such as inadequate funding, lack of fire arms, lack of patrol vehicles, little or no training and development of police staff, illiteracy, use of outdated and insufficient technology among the police, lack of cooperation between the police and the masses, poor initiative and administrative frame work in police system, wide spread corruption and harassment among the police, poor access to vital information are affecting community policing in curbing kidnapping. Based on the findings, The state government should provide the security force with adequate firearms, funding and patrol vehicles.
Hereditary Spherocytosis in a Neonate with a New Frameshift Deletion- A Case Report
Authors: Kasula Lingareddy , Lingaldinna Swapna , Kotha Rakesh , Madireddi Alimelu 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Hemolytic anaemias often occur in neonates, often presenting with jaundice or encephalopathy. Hereditary spherocytosis is the most common cause, followed by glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency and ABO isoimmunization. Early diagnosis and laboratory evaluation are crucial for effective interventions and preventing complications. This case report helps to recognise the clinical signs of hereditary spherocytosis early. And to emphasise the importance of the HS ratio in the diagnostic approach to hereditary spherocytosis.
Case Report: A 20-day-old first-born female baby presented with progressive pallor and jaundice since 7 days of life. The baby was treated with phototherapy and discharged home. On the 20th day, the parents noticed increasing jaundice and pallor, leading to a provisional diagnosis of hemolytic anaemia with splenomegaly. The baby had anaemia and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with normal liver enzymes. Hemolysis was found, and the mother's blood group was A-positive. The baby had an HS Ratio of 0.43, suggesting hereditary spherocytosis. Clinical exome sequencing confirmed hereditary spherocytosis type 2. The baby is currently 9 months old and growing normally.
Conclusion: The HS ratio is more useful to diagnose hereditary spherocytosis. This study further expanded the mutation spectrum of the SPTB gene. Reaffirms the diagnostic value of gene detection in neonatal HS type 2.
Field Efficacy and Economics of Selected Insecticides and Bio-pesticides against Chickpea Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at Prayagraj
Authors: Phani Avala Venkata Naga , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: July 2023

At the Central Research Farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj, an experiment on chickpea was carried out to test the "Field efficacy and economics of selected insecticides and bio-Pesticides against chickpea pod borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at Prayagraj" during rabi season of 2022-2023. Effectiveness of biopesticides and insecticides viz., T1 Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC 0.5ml ml/lit of water, T2 Emamectin benzoate 5% SG 0.4 gm/lit of water, T3 Novaluron 10% EC 1.5 ml/lit of water, T4 Spinosad 45% SC 0.5 ml/lit of water, T5 Beauveria bassiana WP 5 gm/lit of water, T6 Nisco sixer plus 1ml/lit of water and T7 Neem oil 5% @ 5 ml/lit of water and treatment of T8 Untreated control were tested against chickpea pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner). The different insecticides and biopesticides treatments revealed that all the treatments were superior over control, T1 Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC (0.66) which found most effective followed by T2 Emamectin benzoate 5% SG (0.87), T4 Spinosad 45% SC (0.98), T3 Novaluron 10% EC (1.11), T6 Nisco sixer plus (1.30), T5 Beauveria bassiana WP (1.48), T7 Neem oil 5% (2.15) and T8 Untreated control (6.02). The crop with the highest average yield, T1 Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC, produced 22.01 q/ha, and its cost-benefit ratio was 1:2.26. followed by T2 Emamectin benzoate 5% SG (21.09 q/ha) with 1:2.55 C:B ratio, T4 Spinosad 45% SC (19.75 q/ha) with 1:2.32 C:B ratio, T3 Novaluron 10% EC (17.5 q/ha) with 1:2.14 C:B ratio, T6 Nisco sixer plus (16.16 q/ha) with 1:2.02 C:B ratio, T5 Beauveria bassiana WP (13.29 q/ha) with 1:1.72 C:B ratio, T7 Neem oil 5% (13.03 q/ha) with 1:1.67 C:B ratio and T8 Control (9.5 q/ha) with 1:1.29 C:B ratio.
Effect of Different Fertility Levels on Growth and Production Potential of Rice Genotypes
Authors: Bahuguna Anjali , Singh D. K. , Hodkashia Seema , Supriya  , Sharma Uma , Sachan Dhruvendra Singh , Padhan Smruti Ranjan , Verma Parkash 
Published: July 2023

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2019 at Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) for evaluation of six rice genotypes (IET-27263, IET-26418, IET-26420, NDR-359, PD-19 and PD-26) under varying fertility levels (Control, 100% RDF, 150% RDF). Treatments were tested in Split Plot Design with three replications keeping fertilizer levels in main plots and genotypes in sub plots.
Application of fertilizer at 150% RDF and genotype IET-27263 resulted in significantly taller plants, highest number of tillers, highest dry matter accumulation over all other fertilizer levels.
So, it can be recommended that application of fertilizers at higher dose is essential for obtaining higher yield of rice as most of the parameters of growth, development and yield were responding well up to 150% RDF. The new rice genotype IET27263 was found superior to all other tested genotypes.
A New Pressure-Based Modeling Approach for Early Leak Detection in Gas Processing Plants Using Machine Learning
Authors: Usiabulu Godsday Idanegbe , Joel Ogbonna , Nosike Livinus , Aimikhe Victor , Okafor Emeka 
Published: July 2023

Natural gas is composed mostly of methane, the simplest hydrocarbon molecule, with only one carbon atom. But most gas at the wellhead contains other hydrocarbon molecules known as Natural Gas Liquids (NGL). Heavier gaseous hydrocarbons such as propane (C3H8), normal butane (n-C4H10), isobutane (i- C4H10) and pentanes, may also be processed in gas plants and exported as Liquified Natural Gas (LNG). During operational services in gas plant from inlet to outlet piping, gas leaks tend to occur undetected at some points in the facility. Apart from loss of gas resources, leaks and venting at natural gas processing plants release other pollutants besides methane (e.g., benzene, hexane, hydrogen sulfide) that can threaten air quality and public health. Hence, the need for early detection of gas leaks by using appropriate Machine Learning (ML) models. Insight from existing general flow equations was used to develop a new modelling approach for Machine Learning, in a test case: Gas Plant JK – 52. Input gas pressure data is calibrated and evaluated for consistency in real-time. The data is then corrected for lag-time and used to compute tolerance. Indicated time of alarm is checked against events such as residual gas, supply, pumping, etc. Where alarm is eventless, leak is suspected and eventually confirmed, suggesting that action should be taken to mitigate against the leakage. Following the input of a split training dataset, different types of regressions were used for the machine learning before automating the system for real-time evaluation and detection. Linear regression provided a 39% test accuracy, which was considered too low. This led to the use of random forest regression, which provided a 95% test accuracy and was considered excellent. It is hoped that with continuing data acquisition in gas plants employing this algorithm, further modelling will become more predictive as machine learns from experience.