bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hobbesian Diffidence, Second-Order Discrimination, and Racial Profiling
Authors: Wilson Yolonda Y. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Taking Hobbesian logic as my starting point, I argue that Hobbesian diffidence, one of the causes of quarrel in the state of nature, does not disappear once the citizens enter civil society. Rather, diffidence is merely contained by the sovereign. Following Alice Ristroph, I argue that diffidence comes to shape what citizens demand of the state/sovereign in the criminal law. However, I show that Ristroph does not fully appreciate that the concept of diffidence is a racialized one, and as such, race underlies how the citizens understand their own diffidence, what citizens demand of the sovereign, and how they demand it. Further, because diffidence itself is racialized, criminal law need not make explicit appeals to race. Once racialized diffidence becomes embedded in the criminal law, it remains there regardless of any conscious racial animus. I show that racial profiling is a prime example of how this racialized diffidence manifests. Thus, I present Hobbesian diffidence as a framework from which to understand racial oppression. This paper is primarily an application of Hobbes to contemporary issues rather than an exegesis and analysis of Hobbes’s views.
The Ethical Turn of Neo-Traditionalism: Karāmāt al-awliyāʾ in Nuh Keller’s Sea Without Shore
Authors: Kulieva Elvira 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on the concept of karāmāt al-awliyāʾ in the contemporary Sufi manual Sea Without Shore by Nuh Ha Mim Keller (b. 1954), an American convert and a major representative of the neo-traditionalist camp. Through situating Sea Without Shore within the context of early Sufi manuals, this article analyses the specificities of Keller’s interpretation of karāmāt al-awliyāʾ. I argue that his approach represents an ethical turn, as his discussion aims to lessen anxiety about the metaphysical aspects of miracles and instead direct attention towards the ethical standards that make the awliyāʾ extraordinary. By emphasizing the ethical over the metaphysical, Keller’s handling of the subject of karāmāt al-awliyāʾ does not challenge modern “rational” sensitivities, but instead re-frames the idea of miracles for the modern age. In the wider context, this article contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the ways that neo-traditionalists are interpreting and adapting Muslim traditions to modernity.
The Notion of Mistake in Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts: An Analysis of B2C2 Ltd v Quoine Pte Ltd from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Cassar Damian P. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The paper draws a comparative analysis on the doctrine of mistake in contract law between common law and civil law traditions, to explore the legal implications and ramifications of blockchain technology, as one form of dlt, and smart contracting. The case of B2C2 Ltd v. Quoine Pte Ltd is instrumental in portraying how an actual legal dispute may arise in smart contracting relationships, whereby little to no human intervention exists. By comparatively analysing the two legal systems, one may understand better the judgments delivered by the courts in Singapore, the historical common law background leading to such a decision as confirmed also in appellate stage, the consequences such a decision may possibly have on the adoption of similar smart contracting arrangements, and the possible approach under a civil law regime. The conclusions pinpoint some crucial observations relating to the legal approach courts may adopt and their consequences on such contracting arrangements.
Jesuits and Print: the Polemical Example of John Hay
Authors: Lamal Nina , Machielsen Jan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This introductory article employs the Scottish Jesuit John Hay as a starting point for a wider exploration of the relationship between Jesuits and print, the theme of this special issue. Hay demonstrates how important print could be to a Jesuit’s self-worth and identity. In this, as contemporary catalogs of Jesuit publications attest, he was not alone, but he was a controversial outlier. Hay’s superiors prevented him from continuing a vociferous polemical exchange and appeared to guide him towards a more suitable subject: translations of missionary reports. Hay’s career in print points to the importance of geography and context in shaping Jesuit publications, and to the conflicts between individual authorial projects and institutional restraints. His example shows above all that the commonplace equation of Jesuits with print requires urgent historical investigation. The essays presented here seek to remedy this oversight by paying attention to Jesuits as authors, printers, and readers.
Jesuit Attitudes Toward Printers and Printing in Early Modern Italy
Authors: Mancini Lorenzo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Society of Jesus engaged with the medium of print almost from its inception and, as in other fields, according to its own way of proceeding. This article studies two aspects of Jesuit engagement with print, using its Italian assistancy as a case study. In the first part, Jesuit attitudes towards printing technology—its dangers and opportunities—are examined, focusing especially on the relationship between Robert Bellarmine and some of his printers. What emerges is an overriding concern for accuracy: the need to disseminate texts without typographical errors in order to avoid misinterpretations and possible accusations of heresy. The second part of the article analyzes one possible solution to this difficulty: Jesuit attempts, at the Roman College and elsewhere, at managing their own printing presses. As these efforts regularly ended in economic failure, they bring into question the traditional view of Jesuits as skilled administrators.
Frantz Fanon as Witness and Participant: Theorising a Peasant Revolution
Authors: Moussa Mohammed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Frantz Fanon was not only a witness to colonial violence and its equally violent anti-colonial response, he was also a participant who contributed to the fln’s campaign for liberation from the French metropole. Thus, the twin roles of witness and participant in the Algerian anti-colonial struggle allowed Fanon to theorise revolution away from the putative detachment of the ivory towers of academic speculation or distant commentators. This paper’s meditation on Fanon and his theorising of the anti-colonial struggle as a peasant revolution is divided into two sections. I will first sketch out the background of colonial Algeria and the nature of anti-colonial liberation in the Third World in the middle of the twentieth century. The second section will discuss Fanon’s conception of revolution in which the peasantry, alongside the “illegalist militants,” initiate a wave of mobilisation that begins in the countryside and embraces the colonised centre of the towns.
Extending Residual-Mean Overturning Theory to the Topographically Localized Transport in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Youngs Madeleine K. , Flierl Glenn R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Southern Ocean plays a major role in global air–sea carbon fluxes, with some estimates suggesting it contributes to up to 40% of the oceanic anthropogenic carbon dioxide uptake, despite only comprising about 20% of oceanic surface area. Thus, the Southern Ocean overturning, the circulation that transports tracers between the surface and deep ocean interior, is particularly important for climate. Recent studies show that vertical velocities and tracer transport are largest just downstream of bottom topography; these quantities are related to the overturning, but provide incomplete information about the net Lagrangian transport, usually described with the residual-mean theory in a zonally integrated sense. This study uses an idealized Southern Ocean–like channel model with particle tracking to visualize the thickness-weighted velocities that capture the net overturning transport of a parcel, connecting residual-mean overturning theory to the three-dimensional, localized nature of the overturning. From this, we split the flow into three main drivers of transport: a wind-driven Ekman pumping into or out of a density layer, and standing eddies and transient eddies, both of which are localized near the topography. In this framework, the three-dimensional overturning circulation is not a small residual between the eddy and Eulerian-mean transport. The existence of a ridge weakens the response of the overturning to changes in wind, especially in the lower cell. This local understanding of the overturning framework suggests that careful modeling and sampling of specific regions near topography in the Southern Ocean are vital to understand climate sensitivity, transport, carbon export, and connections with the oceans to the north.
Tension Pneumopericardium Causing Cardiogenic Shock due to Blunt Injury to the Chest
Authors: Pearl Leah , Kerby Emily , Pansuriya Shyamal , Alnajjar Raed , Lim John 
Published: May 2023

Pneumopericardium is an exceptionally uncommon phenomenon in the setting of blunt polytrauma. It is imperative for trauma providers to identify tension pneumopericardium despite its rarity. A 22-year-old male motorcyclist presented to the hospital after colliding with a car going approximately 50 mph. The patient was hemodynamically unstable and had diminished breath sounds bilaterally. Bilateral chest tubes were placed, yielding little improvement in condition. While obtaining CT imaging, pneumopericardium was promptly identified. Pulses were lost immediately before pericardiocentesis, and resuscitative thoracotomy was performed. The pericardial sac was tense and an immediate gush of air released upon incising the sac. The patient was taken immediately to the Operating Room for further exploration and repair.
How do Registered Nurses Understand Followership?
Authors: Honan Deena M. , Rohatinsky Noelle , Lasiuk Gerri 
Published: May 2023

Background Despite a consensus that followers and leaders are interdependent, the focus of nursing education, practice, and research has been leader centred. This has spawned calls in the nursing literature for increased scholarship on followership in nursing. Purpose To develop a grounded theory of followership in nursing. Method This study addressed the question - how do registered nurses understand followership? 11 registered nurses participated in online interviews that were later transcribed and analyzed following Charmaz's approach to Constructivist Grounded Theory. Results The core category of trusting informal and formal leaders was co-constructed from the data. A conceptual model, titled Followership as Trust in Acute Care Nursing Teams, illustrates that the nurses’ decision to trust (and subsequently to engage in following) hinges on sharing the load (understanding one's role, accepting one's role, and working together); demonstrating knowledge (having experience, modelling, and mentoring); and connecting through communication (knowing the goal and communicating clearly). When participants fully trust formal and informal leaders, they engage in following as proactive members of the team, provide solutions to problems, and take initiative. Conversely, when they are less trusting of informal and formal leaders, they are less willing to follow. Conclusions This study underscores the importance of trust between followers and leaders for effective team function and safe patient care. More research on the follower-leader dynamic in nursing is needed to inform education, policy, and practice so that every nurse possesses the knowledge and skill to be both a follower and a leader.
Survey of Neonatal Resuscitation Practices in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Nontertiary Birthing Units in New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory
Authors: Shah Dharmesh , Jain Kalpesh , Tracy Mark , Badawi Nadia 
Published: May 2023

Objective To describe the neonatal training experience of birth attendants in New South Wales (NSW) and Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and explore the variations in respiratory management and equipment use at birth. Methods We contacted 119 nontertiary units in NSW/ACT by a written survey followed by telephone contact. A set questionnaire was offered, asking for details of the availability and skill levels of staff at neonatal resuscitation, and of the equipment available at all births. Results Staff from 103 out of 119 units (87%) participated in the study. Resuscitation at all metropolitan units was supported by qualified pediatricians whereas midwives provided neonatal resuscitation as the first responder in a nonmetropolitan unit, with support from a general medical practitioner. Twenty-two percent of nontertiary units relied on external agencies or online support for neonatal resuscitation training. Three quarters of the units used a T-piece resuscitator as the primary device to provide positive pressure ventilation, 65.3% of nonmetropolitan units had blenders available, and 19% of units administered some oxygen at initiation of resuscitation. Thirty-eight percent units responded having no prior knowledge of the pressure relief valve setting. Conclusion Equipment and availability of trained personnel for neonatal resuscitation in nontertiary birthing units across NSW and ACT vary widely. The resources to provide training and education are variable.
Does Outmigration of Unskilled Labourer from Domestic Agriculture Affect Household Income Sources Differently at Origin? Evidence from Assam, India
Authors: Islam Bodrul , Guha Pradyut 
Published: May 2023

The study aims at examining the impact of outmigration of unskilled labourer from domestic agriculture on household income sources with farm level data collected from central Brahmaputra valley of Assam. The regression results confirm that outmigration of unskilled labourer from domestic agriculture is associated with the reduction in household income sources. However, the reinvestment of remittances partially offsets household’s loss of family labour effects through rising farm and off-farm income. Though, influx of remittances has not significantly increased household income, however, it has assisted in sustaining agricultural operation and other household activities. The findings of the study offer evidence in support of New Economics of Labour Migration theory.JEL: J21, J62
RNA-Sequencing Combined With Genome-Wide Allele-Specific Expression Patterning Identifies ZNF44 Variants as a Potential New Driver Gene for Pediatric Neuroblastoma
Authors: Sun Lan , Li Xiaoqing , Tu Lingli , Stucky Andres , Huang Chuan , Chen Xuelian , Cai Jin , Li Shengwen Calvin 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the children’s most common solid tumors, accounting for approximately 8% of pediatric malignancies and 15% of childhood cancer deaths. Somatic mutations in several genes, such as ALK, have been associated with NB progression and can facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies. However, the differential expression of mutated and wild-type alleles on the transcriptome level is poorly studied. Methods This study analyzed 219 whole-exome sequencing datasets with somatic mutations detected by MuTect from paired normal and tumor samples. Results We prioritized mutations in 8 candidate genes ( RIMS4, RUSC2, ALK, MYCN, PTPN11, ALOX12B, ZNF44, and CNGB1) as potential driver mutations. We further confirmed the presence of allele-specific expression of the somatic mutations in NB with integrated analysis of 127 RNA-seq samples (of which 85 also had DNA-seq data available), including MYCN, ALK, and PTPN11. The allele-specific expression of mutations suggests that the same somatic mutation may have different effects on the clinical outcomes of tumors. Conclusion Our study suggests 2 novel variants of ZNF44 as a novel candidate driver gene for NB.
Configurable trunk shaker for the mechanical harvesting of different fruit branches
Authors: Sola-Guirado Rafael R , Sánchez-Cachinero Pedro , Tombesi Sergio 
Published: May 2023

Trunk shakers perform a forced vibration that should be set according to tree species and architecture to efficiently detach fruits. However, manufacturing companies produce designs that are poorly customisable according to different trees. This work presents a prototype that is configurable in amplitude and frequency of vibration, which has been developed to generate the different vibration patterns required by various fruit trees. To study the feasibility of the developed technology, we built a test bench with a post, to which we fixed olive, almond and orange tree branches, and tested different configurations of the machine (frequencies from 12.25 to 20.75 Hz and eccentricities from 58 to 86 mm). Acceleration values were recorded at different points: the trunk shaker, the post in the grip, the top of the post, and in each branch. We recorded a large loss of acceleration transmissibility between the shaker and the post (20%–60%) due to existing frictions that dissipate energy through heat loss. There is a non-linear increase between vibration frequency and the resultant acceleration value recorded, as well as with increasing eccentricity. The shaker was able to provide a different vibration pattern in each configuration, affecting the transmission of vibration in each of the branches studied, for which mean acceleration transmissibility ranged between 82% (almond), 104% (olive) and 136% (orange).
Paramagnetic rim lesions are associated with greater incidence of relapse and worse cognitive recovery following relapse
Authors: Reeves Jack A , Weinstock Zachary , Zivadinov Robert , Dwyer Michael G , Bergsland Niels , Salman Fahad , Schweser Ferdinand , Weinstock-Guttman Bianca , Benedict Ralph HB , Jakimovski Dejan 
Published: May 2023

Background: Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRL) may be linked to relapse risk of people with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (pwRRMS). Objective: To determine the relationship between presence of PRL lesions and cognitive recovery after relapse. Methods: PRL load was compared between acutely relapsing pwRRMS and matched stable pwRRMS controls (each group n = 21). In addition, cognitive recovery was compared between acutely relapsing pwRRMS with at least one PRL (PRL+) and those without any PRL (PRL−). Results: Acutely relapsing pwRRMS had significantly greater prevalence and number of PRL ( p = 0.004 and p = 0.003) compared with stable controls. These findings remained significant after adjusting for global neuroinflammatory burden (enhancing and non-enhancing lesions). In addition, acutely relapsing PRL + pwRRMS ( n = 10) had worse recovery of verbal memory following relapse compared with acutely relapsing PRL − pwRRMS ( n = 7; p = 0.027). Conclusion: These findings may partially explain previously suggested associations between presence of PRL with more severe disease course.
The relationships among executive functions, self-regulation, and physical exercise in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Tse Andy CY , Liu Venus HL , Lee Paul H , Anderson David I , Lakes Kimberley Dawn 
Published: May 2023

Physical exercise is widely reported beneficial to executive functions in children with autism spectrum disorder. However, its impact on self-regulation in the population remains unknown. This study is to test whether two types of physical exercise (cognitively engaging vs non-cognitively engaging) benefited self-regulation and whether the social, emotional, and physical needs of an individual mediated the exercise–executive function and exercise–self-regulation relationships. Sixty-four children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder were randomly assigned into 1 of 3 groups: learning to ride a bicycle ( n = 23), stationary cycling ( n = 19), or an active control with walking ( n = 22). Two executive functions (flexibility and inhibition), self-regulation and the mediating roles of perceived social support, enjoyment, stress, physical self-efficacy, and perceived physical fitness were assessed. Participants in the learning to ride a bicycle group significantly improved their executive functions ( p values < .01). The learning to ride a bicycle group and the stationary cycling group also significantly enhanced their self-regulation ( p values < .001). Mediation analyses showed that physical self-efficacy and perceived physical fitness partially mediated the exercise–executive function relationship. Meanwhile, perceived social support significantly mediated the exercise–self-regulation relationship ( p < .05). Our findings highlight the value of cognitively engaging exercise on enhancing executive functions in children with autism spectrum disorder in part by improving their physical self-efficacy and perceptions of fitness. Lay abstract This study examined the impacts of two types of physical exercises (two-wheel cycling vs stationary cycling) on cognition and self-regulation among 64 children with autism spectrum disorder. It also explored the role of social, emotional, and physical needs of an individual in the relationship between exercise, cognition, and self-regulation. Results showed that participants in the two-wheel cycling group showed significant improvements in their cognition and that the two exercise groups also enhanced their self-regulation. Moreover, this study also revealed that the social need is crucial in mediating the relationship between exercise and self-regulation. This study strengthens the notion that cognitively engaging exercise is more beneficial than the non-cognitively engaging exercise in enhancing cognition in children with autism spectrum disorder.
Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activities of Phenolic Compounds from Heliciopsis terminalis
Authors: Trung Bui V. , Anh Duong H. , Viet Pham H. , Van Kiem Phan 
Published: May 2023

Objective Heliciopsis terminalis (Kurz.) Sleum (family Proteaceae) is distributed in India, Mianma, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and China. In Vietnamese traditional medicine, it is used as an antidote for detoxifying the liver and detoxifying alcohol, a contraceptive, and to treat infections. The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical constituents of the plant, as well as their in vitro hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Methods The dried powdered sample was ultrasonically extracted with MeOH, and the extract was fractionated by various chromatographic methods, including high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and CD spectral analysis, and then screened for their in vitro hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Results One new phenolic glycoside, named helitermioside (1), and eight known compounds (2-9) were isolated from the trunk and branches of H terminalis. All of the isolates were reported from H terminalis for the first time. Compound 6 showed antioxidant activity in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) lipid peroxidation inhibition assays, with an IC50 value of 61.16  ±  1.17 µg/mL, compared to that of Trolox (positive control), IC50  =  7.06  ±  0.11 µg/mL. At a concentration of 100 µg/mL, none of the isolates exhibited hepatocellular protective activity. Conclusion Nine phenolic compounds (1–9) were recorded from H terminalis. Of these, compound 1 was new. Compound 6 exhibited moderate antioxidant activity in TBARS lipid peroxidation inhibition assays, but none of the compounds exhibited hepatocellular protective activity against CCl4-induced toxicity.