bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of the Impact of Injection Pressure and Permeability on CO2 Injection into Light Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Enab Khaled Ahmed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The miscible gas injection has been a successful technique to overcome the low oil recovery by improving the oil mobility due to viscosity reduction. While many experimental studies defined the fundamentals of gas injection in heavy oil reservoirs, experimental studies of gas injection into condensate oil reservoirs are scarce. Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive investigation of the impact of the injection pressure and reservoir permeability on the efficiency of CO2 to improve oil recovery from oil condensate reservoirs. The efficiency of the injected gas at different injection pressure into different permeability rocks is evaluated as a function of the recovery factor and the viscosity reduction experimentally.
Miscible gas injection experiments of different shale rock samples with different permeabilities saturated with condensate oil were conducted at 5 different injection pressures. The recovery factor will be used to investigate the effect of injection pressure in two distinctly saturated rock samples. These samples are saturated with condensate oil from the Eagle Ford formation. The Minimum Miscible Pressure is predicted from the compositions of the fluids, which is determined using gas chromatography. The gas is injected at different pressures, and the recovery factor is calculated at the gas breakthrough, the end of the injection (Injecting 3 PV), and at the abandonment pressure (100 psi). The viscosity of the collected oil at the end of each run is measured to determine the viscosity reduction value.
The experimental results proved the success of CO2 injection in improving condensate oil production. A proportional relationship between the injection pressure and the recovery factor was observed. Moreover, a proportional relation was observed between the production and the permeability. However, the permeability and the viscosity reduction were observed to be inversely proportional. This observation was extended to the immiscible injection, where the oil viscosity was reduced by a small percentage. This reduction is translated to an existence of some level of miscibility within the pores of the lower permeability sample. This phenomenon could be caused due to the higher nanopore confinement pressure in the lower permeability samples.
Real-Time MPD Hydraulics Simulator: An Alternative Solution to the Conventional Pressure While Drilling Tool - A Case Study
Authors: Pitkanen Jace , Yousefi Sadat Ali , Cody Shawn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Narrow pore/stability pressure and fracture pressure margins (narrow operating window) can create severe complications during drilling operations. A slight change in the bottom hole pressure conditions can lead to significant Non-Productive Time (NPT) events like stuck pipe, fluid influx or lost circulation. In many cases, long wells with a narrow gap between pore/stability pressure and fracture pressure are impossible to drill with conventional practices because the annular friction pressure losses (difference between the dynamic and static pressure) are larger than the pore/fracture margin (Arnone & Vieira, 2009). Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) enables operators to carefully balance between the pore and fracture pressure gradient by counteracting the lack of annular pressure losses (APL) when not circulating with the application of surface back pressure (SBP). MPD has the capability of providing a nearly constant bottomhole pressure with the proper compensation of pressure changes at surface. An accurate and real time determination of change in bottom hole pressure from dynamic effects is necessary to apply the correct SBP. This work investigates the accuracy of a novel approach in real-time MPD hydraulics modelling, which provides an alternative solution to the Pressure-While-Drilling (PWD) tool that measures the downhole annular pressure while drilling. The real-time hydraulics modelling proved to be accurate and allow for adjustments to be continuously made towards optimizing drilling efficiency, reliability, and safety without additional downhole tools.
Biomineralization: Surface Injection Eliminates Bradenhead Pressure
Authors: Hiebert Dwight Randy , Griffin John 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
An oil well in Ohio in the process of being decommissioned had pressure on the 13-3/8" × 9-5/8" annulus. Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) regulations require gas flow be eliminated prior to abandonment, prompting remediation. Several cement plugs had already been set in the well, preventing access for a traditional perf and squeeze technique to treat the leak without drilling out the plugs.
A biomineralization company was contracted by an operator in Ohio to apply their proprietary biomineralization technology to seal leakage pathways in the cemented annulus via direct injection into the annulus at surface. The operator prepared the well for surface injection by adding lines and valves to the 13-3/8" × 9-5/8" annulus to allow for pumping in the inlet and out the outlet. Biomineralizing fluids were then pumped into the well, where they formed crystalline calcium carbonate in the micro annuli.
Thirty-six hours after the start of treatment, the injection rate had dropped by several orders of magnitude. Subsequent monitoring by a ODNR personnel determined gas flow had been eliminated and the well was approved for permanent abandonment.
Experimental Investigation of Amphoteric and Microbial Surfactants for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Shaly Sandstones
Authors: Pandey Rishabh , Tinni Ali Ousseini , Rai Chandra Shekhar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo meet the increasing demand for oil and gas, surfactants have been used to increase hydrocarbon recovery. Use of surfactants reduces the Interfacial Tension (IFT) at fluid/fluid interface and wettability at rock/fluid interface and mobilizes trapped oil out of the pores. However, there are two main limitations of the surfactant flooding process—first, high reservoir temperature & salinity, and second, adsorption of surfactants on the rock surface. Surfactant adsorption alters wettability of reservoir rock from oil-wet to water-wet. However, it may not increase oil recovery, especially in conventional reservoirs with high Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and temperature due to excess surfactant adsorption. This study tested two synthetic amphoteric surfactants, one nonionic biosurfactant, and a base case with produced brine to understand wettability, IFT, surfactant adsorption, and their effect on oil recovery in shaly sandstone formation. Produced brine has a TDS of 238,000 ppm. First, surfactant stability tests were performed on the three surfactants. Then, IFT measurements were performed between crude oil and surfactant solutions along with produced brine. Next, wettability alteration was studied by measuring contact angle on oil saturated rock samples before and after being exposed with surfactants and produced brine. Then, surfactant adsorption experiments were performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer to calculate the amount of surfactant adsorbed on the rock sample. Next, surfactants and produced brine imbibition experiments were performed on plug samples at 145°F and 500 psi pressure, and oil recovery was quantified using 12MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometer. Results showed that all three surfactants reduced IFT and altered wettability, but biosurfactant showed most reduction of IFT, much lower surfactant adsorption, and made the sample most water wet as compared to amphoteric surfactants. Imbibition experiments showed that biosurfactant have the highest oil recovery, while amphoteric surfactants have oil recovery even lower than produced brine. This study shows that surfactant adsorption effects oil recovery, which can lead to loss of surfactants from solution to the rock surface. This study suggests that biosurfactants with glycolipids can be effectively used in shaly sandstone at high TDS and temperature.
Accessing Healthcare During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of NYC residents living in North and Central Brooklyn, the South Bronx, and East and Central Harlem
Authors: Dorvil Sheena , Nieves Christina , Valdez Jocelyn , Pierre Jennifer , Dannefer Rachel , Shiman Lauren , Diallo Fatoumata 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected some New York City (NYC) neighborhoods that primarily consist of Black, Indigenous, and Latino residents. This has been attributed to a longstanding history of structural racism and disinvestment in these communities, resulting in chronic and infectious disease inequities. To help address these health inequities, the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene have utilized placed-based approaches and operated within NYC’s most affected neighborhoods of North and Central Brooklyn, South Bronx, and East and Central Harlem. During the pandemic, these neighborhoods experienced high hospitalization and COVID-related death rates when compared to the rest of NYC. While stay-at-home orders were implemented to reduce the spread of COVID-19, this may have also affected utilization of non-COVID related healthcare services.MethodsTo assess the impact of the pandemic on health and social conditions, the NYC Health Department administered the COVID-19 Community Recovery Survey from September 30, 2021 to November 4, 2021, to 1,358 residents in a subset of these neighborhoods. The survey aimed to assess the prevalence of and reasons for delaying non-COVID related healthcare services during the first 18 months of the pandemic. Quantitative analyses were conducted in SAS Enterprise Guide 7.115 and SAS-Callable SUDAAN and weighted with 2015-2019 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Qualitative analyses were conducted in Microsoft Excel.ResultsMore than half of participants (54%) delayed routine healthcare or mental health services. Fear of contracting COVID-19 (61%), stay-at-home policies (40%), belief that care could safely be postponed (35%), and appointment challenges (34%) were among reasons for delaying routine healthcare. Fear of contracting COVID-19 (38%) and reduced hours of service (36%) were primary reasons for delaying mental healthcare. Reported reasons for the sustained delay of care past 18 months involved COVID concerns, appointment, and insurance challenges.ConclusionsThe delay of non-COVID related healthcare throughout the pandemic may result in the further widening of the health inequity gap among NYC residents dealing with a higher chronic disease burden before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. Findings from this study can support equitable COVID-19 recovery and guide efforts with health promotion.
A Context Aware Personalized Recommendation System for Home Automation based on Unsupervised and Supervised Learning Algorithms
Authors: Dilekh Tahar , Benharzallah Saber , Mokeddem Ayoub , Kerdoudi Saoueb 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
this paper describes the challenges associated with autonomous home automation systems, which can be inflexible and anxiety-provoking for users who want control over their smart home devices. To address this, the paper proposes a personalized recommender system that considers the user's current state and contextual preferences to suggest relevant automation services for smart home devices. The system uses an unsupervised algorithm to extract behavior rules from past interactions and supervised algorithms to make recommendations based on those rules. Evaluations show that the system is accurate in its recommendations, with an average accuracy of 86.99%, a recall of 76.06%, and a precision of 82.67%.
Complex deformation of cartilage micropellets following mechanical stimulation promotes chondrocyte gene expression
Authors: Petitjean Noémie , Canadas Patrick , Jorgensen Christian , Royer Pascale , Floc'h Simon Le , Noël Danièle 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Articular cartilage (AC)‘s main function is to resist to a stressful mechanical environment and chondrocytes are responding to mechanical stress for the development and homeostasis of this tissue. However, current knowledge on processes involved in response to mechanical stimulation is still limited. These mechanisms are commonly investigated in engineered cartilage models where the chondrocytes are included in an exogeneous biomaterial different from their natural extracellular matrix. The aim of the present study is to better understand the impact of mechanical stimulation on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived chondrocytes generated in their own extracellular matrix.
Methods A fluidic custom-made device was used for the mechanical stimulation of cartilage micropellets obtained from human MSCs by culture in a chondrogenic medium for 21 days. Six micropellets were positioned into the conical wells of the device chamber and stimulated with different signals of positive pressure (amplitude, frequency and duration). A camera was used to record the sinking of each micropellet into their cone and micropellet deformation was analyzed using a finite element model. Micropellets were harvested at different time points after stimulation for RT-qPCR and histology analysis.
Results Moderate micropellet deformation was observed during stimulation with square pressure signals as mean Von Mises strains between 6.39% and 14.35% were estimated for amplitudes of 1.75 to 14 kPa superimposed on a base pressure of 50% of the amplitude. The compression, tension and shear observed during deformation did not alter micropellet microstructure as shown by histological staining. A rapid and transient increase in the expression of chondrocyte markers (SOX9, AGG and COL2B) was measured after a single 30-min stimulation with a square pressure signal of 3.5 kPa amplitude superimposed on a minimum pressure of 1.75 kPa, at 1 Hz. A small change of 1% of cyclical deformations when using a square pressure signal instead of a constant pressure signal induced a great fold change of 2 to 3 of chondrogenic gene expression. Moreover, the expression of fibrocartilage (COL I) or hypertrophic cartilage (COL X, MMP13 and ADAMTS5) was not significantly regulated, except for COL X.
ConclusionsOur data demonstrate the interest of fluidic-based compression to stimulate mechanically the growth of cartilage micropellets and set the basis for further investigation of chondrocyte mechanobiology and cartilage-like tissue growth.
Safety profile of rivaroxaban in first-time users treated for venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) in four European countries
Authors: Ruigómez Ana , Schink Tania , Voss Annemarie , Herings Ron M. C. , Smits Elisabeth , Swart-Polinder Karin , Balabanova Yanina , Brobert Gunnar , Suzart-Woischnik Kiliana , Rodríguez Luis Alberto García 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe European rivaroxaban post-authorization safety study evaluated bleeding risk among patients initiated on rivaroxaban or vitamin K antagonists for the treatment and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism in routine clinical practice.MethodsCohorts were created using healthcare databases from the UK, the Netherlands, Germany and Sweden. Patients given a first prescription of rivaroxaban or vitamin K antagonist during the period from December 2011 (in the UK, January 2012) to December 2017 (in Germany, December 2016) for venous thromboembolism indication, with no record of atrial fibrillation or recent cancer history, were observed until the occurrence of each safety outcome that led to hospitalization (intracranial, gastrointestinal, urogenital or other bleeding), or death or until study end (December 2018; in Germany, December 2017). Crude incidence rates of each outcome per 100 person-years were computed, and adjusted odds ratios for risk factors were generated from nested case-control analyses.ResultsOverall, 44 737 rivaroxaban and 45 842 vitamin K antagonist patients were enrolled. Incidence rates were similar between rivaroxaban and vitamin K antagonist users with some exceptions, including higher numerical incidence rates for gastrointestinal bleeding in rivaroxaban users than for vitamin K antagonist users. Rivaroxaban and vitamin K antagonist use was associated with increased bleeding risk compared with non-use. Gastrointestinal bleeding exhibited the most consistent odds ratios (95% confidence interval) across countries, ranging from 2.24 (1.79–2.82) to 4.10 (1.90–8.87) and from 2.24 (1.76–2.84) to 6.76 (2.20–20.80) for rivaroxaban use and vitamin K antagonist use, respectively. Bleeding risks decreased with increasing treatment duration. Among rivaroxaban users, mortality and bleeding risk generally increased with age, renal impairment and diabetes.ConclusionsThese data broadly support safety findings from randomized clinical trials; no unexpected safety concerns related to bleeding risks were found.
Carbon persistence of soils with long-term biosolids amendments in California agroecosystems
Authors: Villa Yocelyn Briceyda , Phosalath Eddie , Ryals Rebecca 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Biosolids can build soil organic matter, but their ability to increase carbon and nitrogen in persistent fractions in deep soil is not well understood. We aimed to assess the mechanisms that influence soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics at three sites: Sacramento (irrigated, grazed grassland), Solano (rainfed, grazed grassland), and Merced (feed cropping system with alfalfa-corn rotation), where soils were amended with biosolids for 20 years using density fractionations, organo-mineral extractions, and correlations between calcium and soil organic carbon at three depths (0–10 cm, 30–50 cm, 75–100 cm). We found that amended soils had higher carbon and nitrogen content in the free-and occluded light fractions at all depths relative to the control in the Sacramento and Solano sites; however, the Merced site had a greater relative increase of carbon and nitrogen associated with the heavy fraction. Effect sizes show that biosolids increase carbon and nitrogen content in free- and occluded light fractions in the surface soil (0–10 cm), and in both light and heavy fractions in the deep soil layer (75–100 cm). Ratios of carbon to iron and aluminum show that chelation is an important mechanism of carbon stabilization in Sacramento and Solano sites throughout the soil profile. No (0–10 cm) to negative (75–100 cm) correlations were observed between calcium and soil carbon in the amended soils in the Merced site. Our results indicate that, while biosolids are typically incorporated at shallow depths, long-term application of biosolids can increase the amount of free- and occluded-light carbon fractions in deep soil.
Evolutionary suicide and reversal of prey species in a harvested prey-predator system
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Richik , Chattopadhyay Joydev 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Self-extinction of a species due to evolution is the consequence of the event whenever a mutant prey closer to extinction boundary are at advantage with respect to the resident. In response to the threat of predation, the foraging effort of prey can be considered as an evolving trait. The effects of harvesting in the long-term evolutionary scenario was not investigated theoretically in any of the previous models studied before. Hence we incorporate constant-effort prey and predator harvesting in the model. We also considered individual logistic growth of predator. Our model exhibits i) Evolutionary suicide via a saddle-node bifurcation where, evolution of foraging of prey results in lower forager mutant invasion consequently resulting extinction of prey and ii) Evolutionary reversal via a subcritical Hopf bifurcation where the opposite values of selection gradient at the two alternative demographic attractors causes the cyclic evolution of prey. These contrasting evolutionary scenario is observed due to variation in the choices of harvesting parameters keeping the other parameters fixed which makes the model a study of interest.
Investigating electronic, optical, and structural properties of beryllium oxide zigzag nanotube's using DFT
Authors: Khosravi Mostafa , Badehian Hojat Allah , Zarifi Abbas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the Electronic and optical properties of beryllium oxide (BeO) zigzag nanotubes (n,0) with n = 6, 8, 10, 12,14, 16 have been studied using GGA and LDA functionals with Siesta code in the framework of density functional theory. According to our findings, these nanotubes exhibit a band gap between 5.0 and 5.7 eV, a buckling of less than 0.063 Å, and a refractive index between 1.05 and 1.1, which is in good agreement with the experimental data of the BeO monolayers. We found that the calculated optical and electronic properties of BeO zigzag nanotubes by GGA-WC, are closer to the monolayer experimental data in comparison to the other functionals.
Udder Traits as a predictor of milk yield in Abergelle Goats: Waghimra zone, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Aklog Wubneh , Wondim Bekahign , Limeneh Tigabu , Gobeze Mulatu , Wale Yeshwas , Demelie Alemu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Milk production and growth are traits with adequate genetic variation to allow selection responses. Accurate prediction of milk yield is a prerequisite for every effective genetic improvement program. This study was conducted to predict milk yield using udder traits in Abergelle goats in the Waghimra zone. Data on milk yield, linear udder score, and udder measurement were collected from 259 healthy and mastitis-free goats at 14-day intervals after one week of parturition, with two measurements in each of the three lactation stages. Linear score traits were scored subjectively using a nine-point linear scale. Parity and management were considered explanatory variables to determine milk yield. The animals were classified into six parity groups. A GLM procedure using SAS/STAT® Software, version 9 of the SAS system for Windows (SAS Institute, Inc., 2002), was used for data analysis. Best-fit models were selected based on the coefficient of determination (R2), correlation coefficient (r), and applicability to farm conditions. As parity increases, milk yield, udder depth, width and teat length increase. When Milk yield was regressed to linear udder measurements, udder circumference explained about 70% of the variation in milk yield. The second udder measurement was udder depth, which contributed 73% of the variation in average daily milk yield. Hence, udder circumference has a predictive ability for milk production, is simple to measure, and is consistent with lactation stage and parity. While adding the depth of the udder to the circumference of the udder could improve the accuracy of the prediction.
Which Mountains Matter to Global Meridional Overturning Circulation?
Authors: Yang Haijun , Huang Jianping , Jiang Rui , Wen Qin , Liu Yimin , Wu Guoxiong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The oceanic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is a key player in the global climate system, while continental topography provides an essential backdrop to the Earth's climate. In this study, we investigate the influence of various mountain ranges on the global thermohaline circulation through a series of coupled model experiments. Our findings reveal that the Tibetan Plateau (TP) exerts the most significant impact on the global thermohaline circulation, serving as a necessary condition for the establishment of the Atlantic MOC (AMOC) and a sufficient condition for the collapse of the Pacific MOC (PMOC). Additionally, the Antarctic continent plays a vital role in facilitating the TP to form the AMOC. Although no individual mountain range can give rise to the AMOC independently, the TP alone can suppress the development of the PMOC. Through altering the global hydrological cycle, the TP may have played a pivotal role in shaping the global thermohaline circulation.