bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The trachea, a missed organ in esophageal atresia complex: Evolution of a thoracoscopic approach
Authors: Elbarbary Mohamed M , Magdy Basma , Hamed Dina Hossam El Dine , Naguib Maggie L , Hussein Ayman , Kaddah Sherif , Bahaaeldin Khaled , Wishahy Ahmed MK , Elseoudi Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We report our experience with a thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia, pitfalls made and how avoiding them yielded a better outcome for our patients.
Methods
Prospective cohort study was conducted to thoracoscopically repaired type-C EA patients between November 2016 and November 2022. Group A included patients, who were managed during the initial phase of our study and presented with different respiratory symptoms. Group B, that included patients who had their repair done later in the study period after refining our surgical techniques to overcome the earlier fallacies.
Results
In group A, 26 patients had successful repair, 15 patients developed respiratory-related symptoms due to esophageal causes (3/15) and tracheal causes (12/15). Tracheomalacia (11/15), tracheal diverticulum (10/15) and recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula (rTEF) (3/15) were detected in that group. In group B, which included 57 patients, significant reduction in the number of symptomatizing patients was noticed, from 58 to 30%. Seventeen patients developed symptoms, secondary to esophageal origin (12/17), rTEF (4/17) and tracheomalacia in addition to the rTEF in one patient.
Conclusions
Tracheal abnormalities with EA need more attention. Not only is bronchoscopy an informative initial step before attempting repair, but it may also reveal the possible need for primary tracheopexy.
Spatial and temporal epidemiology of FMD in Bhutan (2011-2019)
Authors: Letho Sangay , Compton Chris 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is an important disease in livestock in Bhutan due to its significant social and economic impacts to the farmers as well as to the government. FMD outbreaks continue to occur every year with greater frequency in some parts of the country despite the implementation of control measures. It is imperative to understand the current patterns of the disease for planning effective control programs. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the spatial and temporal patterns of FMD in Bhutan since the most recent national survey.

Methodology

Nine year’s (2011–2019) of national FMD outbreak data was used for this study. An investigation of global spatial autocorrelation was undertaken using the K difference function statistic and local spatial clusters of FMD outbreaks using Kulldorff’s spatial scan statistic. Retrospective spatio-temporal analysis was conducted using a Bernoulli probability model with monthly aggregation of data. A non-stationary cosinor model was used to examine seasonality and trend of outbreaks.

Results

The K function statistic detected significant global spatial autocorrelation of FMD outbreaks (p < 0.01) and Kulldorff’s spatial scan statistic identified two outbreak clusters in west Bhutan- the first primary cluster (p < 0.02) with relative risk (RR) of 5.22 and radius of 19.77km in Paro and Thimphu districts and the second primary cluster (p < 0.02, RR = 8.44 radius: 8.98km) in Punakha and Wangdue Phodrang districts. The spatio-temporal scan test detected a single significant (P < 0.001) space-time cluster of 22 FMD outbreaks centred in south-west Bhutan with a radius of 60 km over an 8-month period in 2018–2019. The temporal analysis indicated that, on an average there were 0.5 (95% CI: 0.2–0.8) additional outbreaks per month in the seasonal winter peaks at 1.9 months (95% CI: 12.55–3.64) compared with the overall monthly average.

Conclusion

The western and southern regions of Bhutan have experienced the greatest overall incidence and significant spatial and spatio-temporal clusters of outbreaks of FMD during the period 2011–2019, These findings in districts in the western medium FMD risk surveillance zone threaten progress to control of FMD in Bhutan.
Tfs1, transcription elongation factor TFIIS, has an impact on chromosome segregation affected by pka1 deletion in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Takenaka Kouhei , Nishioka Shiho , Nishida Yuki , Kawamukai Makoto , Matsuo Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) pathway in Schizosaccharomyces pombe plays an important role in microtubule organization and chromosome segregation. Typically, loss of functional Pka1 induces sensitivity to the microtubule-destabilizing drug thiabendazole (TBZ) and chromosome mis-segregation. To determine the mechanism via which Pka1 is involved in these events, we explored the relevance of transcription factors by creating a double-deletion strain of pka1 and 102 individual genes encoding transcription factors. We found that rst2∆, tfs1∆, mca1∆, and moc3∆ suppressed the TBZ-sensitive phenotype of the pka1∆ strain, among which tfs1∆ was the strongest suppressor. All single mutants (rst2∆, tfs1∆, mca1∆, and moc3∆) showed a TBZ-tolerant phenotype. Tfs1 has two transcriptional domains (TFIIS and Zn finger domains), both of which contributed to the suppression of the pka1∆-induced TBZ-sensitive phenotype. pka1∆-induced chromosome mis-segregation was rescued by tfs1∆ in the presence of TBZ. tfs1 overexpression induced the TBZ-sensitive phenotype and a high frequency of chromosome mis-segregation, suggesting that the amount of Tfs1 must be strictly controlled. However, Tfs1-expression levels did not differ between the wild-type and pka1∆ strains, and the Tfs1-GFP protein was localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm in both strains, which excludes the direct regulation of expression and localization of Tfs1 by Pka1. Growth inhibition by TBZ in pka1∆ strains was notably rescued by double deletion of rst2 and tfs1 rather than single deletion of rst2 or tfs1, indicating that Rst2 and Tfs1 contribute independently to counteract TBZ toxicity. Our findings highlight Tfs1 as a key transcription factor for proper chromosome segregation.
A closed-form solution for the three-body problem and a Sun-Earth-Moon orbit solution
Authors: Abdel-Rahman A. S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The study of the motions of planets, satellites, and other celestial bodies is one of the important problems in basic physics and astronomy. The solution to the two-body problem enables astronomers to predict the orbits of the Moon, satellites, and spaceships around the Earth. The general analytic solution for the three-body problem stands unsolved except in some special cases, such as the Sun-Earth-Moon problem, in which the mass of the Moon is neglected. This reduces the problem to a two-body problem. In this work, the author presents a general solution to the problem in a closed form in terms of two basic particle-particle vectors. The position vector of each particle is expressed in terms of the centre of mass and the two basic particle-particle vectors. This solution is used for studying the three-body problem with gravitational interaction without imposing the non-zero-total angular-momentum condition or ignoring any masses. The Sun-Earth-Moon problem was solved in the general case and showed an expected orbital motion with a perturbation in the Earth-Sun orbit due to the revolution of the Moon. This solution is the key to future studies for n-body problem solutions.
The Adoption of a COVID-19 Contact-Tracing App: Cluster Analysis
Authors: Hengst Tessi M , Lechner Lilian , van der Laan Laura Nynke , Hommersom Arjen , Dohmen Daan , Hooft Lotty , Metting Esther , Ebbers Wolfgang , Bolman Catherine A W 
Published: March 2023

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was limited adoption of contact-tracing apps (CTAs). Adoption was particularly low among vulnerable people (eg, people with a low socioeconomic position or of older age), while this part of the population tends to have lesser access to information and communication technology and is more vulnerable to the COVID-19 virus.

Objective
This study aims to understand the cause of this lagged adoption of CTAs in order to facilitate adoption and find indications to make public health apps more accessible and reduce health disparities.

Methods
Because several psychosocial variables were found to be predictive of CTA adoption, data from the Dutch CTA CoronaMelder (CM) were analyzed using cluster analysis. We examined whether subgroups could be formed based on 6 psychosocial perceptions (ie, trust in the government, beliefs about personal data, social norms, perceived personal and societal benefits, risk perceptions, and self-efficacy) of (non)users concerning CM in order to examine how these clusters differ from each other and what factors are predictive of the intention to use a CTA and the adoption of a CTA. The intention to use and the adoption of CM were examined based on longitudinal data consisting of 2 time frames in October/November 2020 (N=1900) and December 2020 (N=1594). The clusters were described by demographics, intention, and adoption accordingly. Moreover, we examined whether the clusters and the variables that were found to influence the adoption of CTAs, such as health literacy, were predictive of the intention to use and the adoption of the CM app.

Results
The final 5-cluster solution based on the data of wave 1 contained significantly different clusters. In wave 1, respondents in the clusters with positive perceptions (ie, beneficial psychosocial variables for adoption of a CTA) about the CM app were older (P<.001), had a higher education level (P<.001), and had higher intention (P<.001) and adoption (P<.001) rates than those in the clusters with negative perceptions. In wave 2, the intention to use and adoption were predicted by the clusters. The intention to use CM in wave 2 was also predicted using the adoption measured in wave 1 (P<.001, β=–2.904). Adoption in wave 2 was predicted by age (P=.022, exp(B)=1.171), the intention to use in wave 1 (P<.001, exp(B)=1.770), and adoption in wave 1 (P<.001, exp(B)=0.043).

Conclusions
The 5 clusters, as well as age and previous behavior, were predictive of the intention to use and the adoption of the CM app. Through the distinguishable clusters, insight was gained into the profiles of CM (non)intenders and (non)adopters.

Trial Registration
OSF Registries osf.io/cq742; https://osf.io/cq742
Information Circulation Among Spanish-Speaking and Caribbean Communities Related to COVID-19: Social Media–Based Multidimensional Analysis
Authors: Vargas Meza Xanat , Park Han Woo 
Published: March 2023

Background
Scientiﬁc studies from North America and Europe tend to predominate the internet and beneﬁt English-speaking users. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 death rate was high at the onset of the pandemic in Spanish-speaking countries, and information about nearby Caribbean countries was rarely highlighted. Given the rise in social media use in these regions, the web-based dissemination of scientific information related to COVID-19 must be thoroughly examined.

Objective
This study aimed to provide a multidimensional analysis of peer-reviewed information circulation related to COVID-19 in Spanish-speaking and Caribbean regions.

Methods
COVID-19–related, peer-reviewed resources shared by web-based accounts located in Spanish-speaking and Caribbean regions were identified through the Altmetric website, and their information was collected. A multidimensional model was used to examine these resources, considering time, individuality, place, activity, and relations. Time was operationalized as the 6 dates of data collection, individuality as the knowledge area and accessibility level, place as the publication venue and affiliation countries, activity as the Altmetric score and number of mentions in the selected regions, and relations as coauthorship between countries and types of social media users who disseminated COVID-19–related information.

Results
The highest information circulation peaks in Spanish-speaking countries were from April 2020 to August 2020 and from December 2020 to April 2021, whereas the highest peaks in Caribbean regions were from December 2019 to April 2020. Regarding Spanish-speaking regions, at the onset of the pandemic, scientific expertise was concentrated on a few peer-reviewed sources written in English. The top scientiﬁc journals mentioned were from English-speaking, westernized regions, whereas the top scientiﬁc authorships were from China. The most mentioned scientific resources were about breakthrough findings in the medical and health sciences area, written in highly technical language. The top relationships were self-loops in China, whereas international collaborations were between China and the United States. Argentina had high closeness and betweenness, and Spain had high closeness. On the basis of social media data, a combination of media outlets; educational institutions; and expert associations, particularly from Panama, influenced the diffusion of peer-reviewed information.

Conclusions
We determined the diffusion patterns of peer-reviewed resources in Spanish-speaking countries and Caribbean territories. This study aimed to advance the management and analysis of web-based public data from non-white people to improve public health communication in their regions.
Social entrepreneurship in agri-food systems: the case of food hubs
Authors: Avetisyan Tatevik , Ross R. Brent , Wright Wynne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Food hubs are nascent organizational innovations in local and regional food systems. Although the number of food hubs in the U.S. has grown over the past decade, their purpose in the food system is still debated. There is a lack of clarity in whether food hubs primarily pursue a social mission, economic value creation, or both simultaneously. To better understand the purpose of food hubs in the food system, this study draws from social entrepreneurship literature and examines the entrepreneurial processes by which food hubs were formed. By employing a comparative case study research method, the study examines four food hubs with different organizational models in the U.S. state of Michigan. The results show that food hubs are social enterprises aimed to simultaneously create social and economic value. Social value proposition, however, can be multifaceted and differs by food hub type. The key differences in food hub models stem from their legal business status, markets they serve, scope and scale of both mobilized resources and economic activities in ‘farm to fork’ supply chains.
Food outlet choice patterns of alternative food system consumers
Authors: Chen Lijun Angelia , House Lisa , Bi Xiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of food outlet choice patterns of Alternative Food System consumers (local and organic consumers) and evaluate if these patterns differ from that of conventional consumers. We conducted a nationwide online survey collecting data from U.S. food shoppers monthly. The data utilized in this study were collected and compiled from July 2016 to November 2019, resulting in 21,135 observations. We measured choices of eight food outlet formats within four categories (high-end, traditional, broad-assortment, and limited-assortment). Further, we examined the varying effects of demographic and household characteristics on food outlet format choices. We found that relative to conventional consumers, alternative food system consumers, who are local- and/or organic-minded, tend to be diversity-seekers who patronize various formats of food outlets. Among the four food outlet categories, we identified several complementary and substitute relationships. The occurrences and strengths of these relationships vary across consumer segments identified based on their preferences for local and organic food.
Consumer trust in Arctic foods certification
Authors: Yang Yang , Hobbs Jill E. , Natcher David C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Arctic food industries offer promising potential for sustainable economic development; however, no certification system currently exists to assure Arctic origin and unique product qualities. We survey 1,602 Canadian consumers to explore attitudes to sustainability, authenticity, and origin in the context of Arctic foods, and assess their use of sustainability labels and trust in different certifiers. A latent class analysis reveals considerable heterogeneity regarding whom consumers trust to certify Arctic foods. While ‘government’ is the most trustworthy certifier, Arctic region-based and Inuit-owned organizations have strong appeal for certain consumer segments. Policy implications for developing an Arctic regional certification system are discussed.
The EFL Teachers’ Self-perceptions of Professional Teacher Identity in Turkey
Authors: KİMSESİZ Fatma 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the professional identity of EFL teachers through metaphor and emoji elicitations.
Methodology: 40 teachers teaching EFL at different education institutions throughout Turkey voluntarily participated in the study. As the core point of the investigation, teachers were asked to frame their professional identity with representative metaphors besides explaining the main reason for selecting the related metaphor to represent their teacher identity and to type top four emoji that stand for their emotion and identity as an EFL teacher. Content analysis and descriptive analysis were employed for the analyses of the data.
Findings: According to the analysis, the metaphors were distributed to 8 distinct categories. As indicated by the findings related to the groups of metaphors, the labels appeared as ‘a new identity’, ‘challenger’, ‘craftsperson’, ‘inspirer’, ‘nurturer’, ‘problem solver’, ‘traveller’ and ‘vitality’. Moreover, the most frequently typed top 4 emoji that participants associated with their professional identity commonly appeared to be positive illustrations that symbolize professional satisfaction with smiling face icons.
Conclusion: The conclusive evidence of the study suggested important implications for how these teachers regard themselves as professionals.
A One Health perspective on comparative cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid pharmacokinetics and biotransformation in humans and domestic animals
Authors: Schwark Wayne S. , Wakshlag Joseph J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The goal of pharmacokinetic (PK) studies is to provide a basis for appropriate dosing regimens with novel therapeutic agents. With a knowledge of the desired serum concentration for optimum pharmacological effect, the amount and rate of drug administration can be tailored to maintain that concentration based on the 24-hour PK modeling (eg, every 24 hours, every 12 hours) to achieve therapeutic ranges. This dosing and PK information are tailored to maintain that concentration. Typically, these optimum serum concentrations pertain across species. Single-dose PK modeling provides fundamental parameters to suggest dosing regimes. Multiple-dose PK studies provide information on steady-state serum levels to assure that desired therapeutic levels are maintained during chronic administration. Clinical trials using dosing suggested by these PK determinations provide proof that the compound is producing the desired therapeutic effect. A number of PK studies with cannabinoids in humans and domestic animals have been conducted with the goal of determining appropriate clinical use with these plant-derived products. The following review will focus on the PK of cannabidiol (CBD) and the lesser-known precursor of CBD, cannabidiolic acid (CBDA). Although Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has profound pharmacological effects and may be present at variable and potentially violative concentrations in hemp products, PK studies with THC will not be a major consideration. Because, in domestic animals, hemp-CBD products are usually administered orally, that route will be a focus. When available, PK results with CBD administered by other routes will be summarized. In addition, the metabolism of CBD across species appears to be different in carnivorous species compared with omnivorous/herbivorous species (including humans) based on current information, and the preliminary information related to this will be explained with the therapeutic implication being addressed in Currents in One Health by Ukai et al, JAVMA, May 2023.
Details Regarding the Medical Treatment of Children with Clostridium Difficile Infection - Clinical Case
Authors: Sava Cristina , Diaconu Simona , Cambrea Simona Claudia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The diarrheal disease produced by Clostridium difficile has a clinical picture that can vary from mild forms to life-threatening forms with a high risk of recurrence.
The classic clinical picture described at that time was post-antibiotic, nosocomial diarrhea, which especially affects the elderly.
It is the case of a male child of 5 years and 10 months, who presented himself in the morning with vomiting, diarrheal stools and flatulence. He underwent antibiotic treatment for 5 days for acute erythematous angina. From a biological point of view, the blood count is within normal limits, minimal inflammatory tests, examination of coproculture is normal.
Clostridium Difficile infection or viral infection with Rotavirus, Norovirus or Adenovirus is suspected. A digestive multiplex panel is performed with a positive Clostridium difficile test and positive rotavirus, norovirus and adenovirus antigens. The treatment instituted was antibiotic, hydroelectrolytic balance, simpatomatic, accompanied by a hygienic-dietary regimen, with a favorable evolution.
Acute gastroenteritis with Clostridium difficile is a disease with severe complications in children. Its typical nosocomial character begins to be less and less specific, with the increase in the rate of community infections, which should make clinicians aware and make them more responsible in terms of recommending antibiotic therapy in outpatient settings.
Gender Asymmetry of Visegrád Group Languages as Reflected by Word Embeddings
Authors: Garabík Radovan , Wachtarczyková Jana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Today, word embeddings have become a standard method in natural language processing, largely due to the availability of large language corpora. The models effectively reflect the semantic relationships between words without any additional linguistic input. Recently, more emphasis has been placed on interpreting the seemingly discriminatory results of some queries, with the goal of de-biasing language models.
However, if we consider the vector space to be a reasonably valid model of a linguistic semantic space, does not the asymmetry and subsequent discrimination in word embeddings reflect the (average) discriminatory tendencies inherent in the language? This article explores word embedding models for the Visegrád group languages and we apply basic vector arithmetic to demonstrate the basic language asymmetry present in the models.
It is well known that in English models, vector transfers result in eerily accurate predictions when swapping genders (the famous king – man + woman = queen), but these transfers also result in rather uncomplimentary roles for certain occupations (doctor – man + woman = nurse, or computer programmer – man + woman = homemaker). The article explores similar transfers in models of V4 languages – Slovak, Czech, Polish, and Hungarian. With Hungarian gender neutrality, Polish strong generic masculine, and close parallels between Slovak and Czech, we hope to uncover interesting similarities and differences in gender asymmetry in these languages, based on real language data.