bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is teacher humor an asset in classroom management? Examining its association with students’ well-being, sense of school belonging, and engagement
Authors: St-Amand Jérôme , Smith Jonathan , Goulet Mélissa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study used the instructional humor processing theory to test how different humor subtypes employed by teachers (course-related, course-unrelated, self-disparaging, other-disparaging) relate to students’ well-being, sense of belonging, and engagement. The participants comprised 395 students (boys = 106; girls = 270; other = 8; NA = 11) (secondary school students = 291; primary school students = 97, NA = 7) from five public school boards located in rural areas, and one private secondary school situated in an urban area (Mage = 14.11) with a proportion of 93% speaking French at home. Correlational and structural equation modeling methods were used to analyze these relationships. Results showed that only humor related to course content (positive association) and other-disparaging humor (negative association) were significantly associated with the sense of belonging, which, in turn, was positively associated with a cognitive, affective, and behavioral engagement. Results also showed that only course-related humor (positive association) and unrelated humor (negative association) were significantly associated with students’ emotional well-being, which, in turn, was positively associated with cognitive and affective engagement. As far as this study is concerned, humor in the classroom should be course-related when it comes to supporting students’ emotional well-being, sense of belonging, and engagement.
New insight on tomato seed priming with Anabaena minutissima phycobiliproteins in relation to Rhizoctonia solani root rot resistance and seedling growth promotion
Authors: Righini Hillary , Francioso Ornella , Quintana Antera Martel , Pinchetti Juan Luis Gómez , Zuffi Veronica , Cappelletti Eleonora , Roberti Roberta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCyanobacteria phycobiliproteins (PBPs) are already exploited in the food industries and for biotechnological applications but not in the agricultural field. Different concentrations (0.6 – 4.8 mg/mL) of Anabaena minutissima PBPs were applied to tomato seed to study their priming effect against the soil-borne fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani and in promoting plant growth. PBPs increased seedling emergence and vigour, showed activity against root rot disease (67%), and enhanced plant dry weight, length, and height. Generally, no dose effect has been observed except for dry weight (55% at 4.8 mg/mL). Seed treatment primed seeds and seedlings by leading to the activation of defence responses raising phenol (26% in hypocotyls) and flavonoid (26 and 45% in hypocotyls and epicotyls, respectively) contents and chitinase (4-fold at 2.4 and 4.8 mg/mL in hypocotyls) and β-1,3-D-glucanase (up to about 2-fold at all doses in epicotyls) activities. Micro-Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared revealed changes in functional groups of primed seeds, hypocotyls and exudates released into the agar because of treatment. Protein extract from PBP-primed seedlings inhibited mycelial growth (67% for epicotyl proteins) and caused morphological alterations in hyphae. This research emphasizes the potential priming role of PBPs applied by seed treatment against soil-borne pathogens.
Structure, regulation, and physiological functions of NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5)
Authors: García Jorge G. , Ansorena Eduardo , Izal Iñigo , Zalba Guillermo , de Miguel Carlos , Milagro Fermín I. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
NOX5 is the last member of the NADPH oxidase (NOXs) family to be identified and presents some specific characteristics differing from the rest of the NOXs. It contains four Ca2+ binding domains at the N-terminus and its activity is regulated by the intracellular concentration of Ca2+. NOX5 generates superoxide (O2•−) using NADPH as a substrate, and it modulates functions related to processes in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved. Those functions appear to be detrimental or beneficial depending on the level of ROS produced. For example, the increase in NOX5 activity is related to the development of various oxidative stress-related pathologies such as cancer, cardiovascular, and renal diseases. In this context, pancreatic expression of NOX5 can negatively alter insulin action in high-fat diet-fed transgenic mice. This is consistent with the idea that the expression of NOX5 tends to increase in response to a stimulus or a stressful situation, generally causing a worsening of the pathology. On the other hand, it has also been suggested that it might have a positive role in preparing the body for metabolic stress, for example, by inducing a protective adipose tissue adaptation to the excess of nutrients supplied by a high-fat diet. In this line, its endothelial overexpression can delay lipid accumulation and insulin resistance development in obese transgenic mice by inducing the secretion of IL-6 followed by the expression of thermogenic and lipolytic genes. However, as NOX5 gene is not present in rodents and human NOX5 protein has not been crystallized, its function is still poorly characterized and further extensive research is required.
Digital Domination and the Promise of Radical Republicanism
Authors: Hoeksema Bernd 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, I approach the power of digital platforms by using the republican concept of domination. More specifically, I argue that the traditional, agent-relative interpretation of domination, in the case of digital domination, is best supplemented by a more radical version, on which republicans ought to give priority to structural elements. I show how radical republicanism draws attention to (1) the economic rationales and the socio-technical infrastructures that underlie and support digital platforms and to (2) the forms of influence that are directed at cognitive dimensions, such as habituation and routinisation, which are particularly relevant for the power of digital platforms. These insights also imply that republicans have reason to favour a more structural response to digital platforms over more direct and individualised forms of control that fit with a ‘standard’ republican approach, such as securing exit options and requiring user consent.
Alloy modification for additive manufactured Ni alloy components—part I: effect on microstructure and hardness of Invar alloy
Authors: Eissel Antonia , Engelking Lorenz , Gustus René , Treutler Kai , Wesling Volker , Schroepfer Dirk , Kannengiesser Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlloy 36 (1.3912), also known as “Invar,” is an alloy with 36% nickel. The alloy has a remarkably low thermal expansion coefficient in certain temperature ranges. This peculiarity is called the invar effect, which was discovered in 1896 by the Swiss physicist Charles Édouard Guillaume Sahoo and Medicherla Mater today Proc 43:2242-2244, (2021). Therefore, it is used in applications in which dimensional stability is critical, such as molding tools for composite materials in aerospace, automotive applications, or liquified natural gas (LNG) cargo tanks. Moreover, increasingly complex structures and the optimization of resource efficiency also require additive manufacturing steps for the production or repair of components Frazier J Mater Eng Perform 23:1917-1928, (2014); Treutler and Westling, (2021). Additively manufactured components have a heterogeneous microstructure and anisotropic mechanical properties Guévenoux et al. (2020). In addition, the manufactured components require subsequent machining surface finishing, like finish milling, to achieve their final contour. Nickel iron alloys are difficult to machine Zheng et al. Adv Mater Res 988:296–299, (2014). Additionally, inhomogeneous microstructure may lead to unstable cutting forces and conditions. In part I of this investigation, the initial alloy 36 is modified with the elements Ti, Zr, and Hf up to a maximum of 0.33 wt.-%. The influence of the modification elements on the microstructure as well as on the hardness of the AM components is examined. Furthermore, one modification is applied to metal arc welding process and investigated. Part II focuses on the effect of the alloy modifications on machinability as well as on the surface integrity of plasma-transferred-arc-welded (PTA) and finish milled invar components.
Lived Experiences of Low-Income Unmarried Women in Rural Botswana: A Narrative Approach
Authors: Malinga Tumani , Modie-Moroka Tirelo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe research explored the lived experiences of low-income single mothers, to understand the psychosocial life course pathways that might expose them to chains of risks. Studies have found a high prevalence of co-occurring poverty, single parenthood, unemployment, violence, and multiple life traumas among rural unmarried women. It is important to explore how single mothers are vulnerable to poverty and its many effects and how these factors heighten adverse experiences of unmarried rural women. Fifteen low-income unmarried Botswana mothers were purposively sampled. A narrative approach was used to collect data, allowing participants to share detailed lived experiences from childhood to adulthood. The study used a life course framework to explore the lived experiences, transitions, events, and trajectories of the women’s lives. Women’s narratives conveyed exposure to emotional, physical abuse and neglect in childhood; teenage pregnancy and the poverty connection; exposure to intimate partner violence; and multiple pregnancies and promised and suspended marriage. The study suggests that several life events and experiences have negatively influenced and skewed transitions and trajectories in the lives of low-income women. There is need for establishment of family policy and safety net programmes to cater for low-income mothers’ families.
Virtual Tools to Enable Management of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hinman Rana S. , Lawford Belinda J. , Nelligan Rachel K. , Bennell Kim L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose of review
There is increasing recognition that virtual tools, enabled by the internet and telecommunications technology, can increase access to health care. We review evidence about the clinical effectiveness and acceptability of telephone-delivered and videoconferencing clinician consultations, websites and internet-delivered programs, and SMS and mobile applications in enabling the management of people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). We discuss barriers to using virtual tools and suggest strategies to facilitate implementation in clinical settings.

Recent findings
An increasing number of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials provide evidence showing the effectiveness of virtual tools for improving knee OA management. Qualitative research shows that virtual tools increase patient access to knee OA care, are generally acceptable and convenient for patients, but can be associated with barriers to use from patient and clinician perspectives.

Summary
Virtual tools offer new opportunities to enable people with knee OA to manage their condition and receive care that may otherwise be difficult or not possible to access. Telephone calls and videoconferencing can be used for real-time synchronous consultations between clinicians and patients, increasing the geographic reach of health services. Websites and internet-based programs can be used to educate patients about their condition, as well as deliver exercise, weight management, and psychological interventions. Mobile apps can monitor and track OA symptoms, exercise, and physical activity, while SMS can facilitate positive behaviour changes for self-management over the long-term when sustained clinician contact may not be possible.
Are there gender differences in aspirations formation in rural Ethiopia?
Authors: Mekonnen Daniel Ayalew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper examines gender differences in aspirations formation (with respect to income, wealth, and children’s education) using survey data collected from sample households in rural Ethiopia. Results show evidence of upward looking income aspirations for both men and women, and upward looking wealth aspirations only for women, while the social effect of aspirations to children’s education appears to be weak for both sexes. Even though men (in general) appear to have higher aspirations than women, the differences in parameter estimates across gender are not statistically significant, suggesting that the gender-differentiated effect of social drivers on aspirations is limited. The results imply that policies and interventions that raise incomes in the village may increase income aspirations of both men and women, while efforts to enhance women’s wealth aspirations may be more effective if they improve wealth of women in the village. Since our sample is relatively small with limited geographic coverage, findings of this study could be context specific. Hence, further study using more recent and more representative data is necessary to draw fairly generalizable conclusions.
The ion flotation of copper, nickel, and cobalt using the biosurfactant surfactin
Authors: Schlebusch Izak , Pott Robert William McClelland , Tadie Margreth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeavy metal contaminated waters are a significant environmental hazard, which require novel treatment methodologies. Further, the metals which might be recovered from these streams have significant intrinsic value, if they can be collected and concentrated. This work demonstrates, for the first time, the use of surfactin, an environmentally benign biosurfactant, for the flotation of metal ions (Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+). Surfactin, at a molar ratio of 1:3, has been shown to float 75.2%, 94.7%, and 98.2% of initial 100 $$\mu$$
μ
M solutions of copper nickel and cobalt, respectively. Increasing the gas flow rate modifies the float by increasing the carryover of water into the overflow. A pH of 5 was found to be ineffective (due to surfactin precipitation), while a pH of 10 was less effective than pH 7, likely due to the ionic speciation of the metals in solution tending to hydroxyl precipitates at a high pH. This work demonstrates an opportunity for the recovery of metals (at low concentrations) using biosurfactant-based froth flotation.
The Effect of Currents on Large Surface Gravity Waves Under Cyclonic Conditions in the South/Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Lauton Gustavo , Marta‐Almeida Martinho , Lentini Carlos A. D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough ocean surface currents are not accounted for in most wave modeling studies, recent works have demonstrated that ocean circulation features may have a great impact on surface gravity waves. In this case study, we coupled in a one‐way mode the hydrodynamic model Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and the wave model Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) to study the effect of currents on large wave events (LWEs) produced under the influence of cyclones in south/southeastern Brazil. For the five LWEs studied, chosen due to the distinct importance that current‐to‐wave effects had for the period, the results indicate that the addition of currents on the wave model improved the accuracy of the peaks of significant wave height, generally increasing them (by as much as 27%). The increase in wave height occurred mainly near the shelf edge and slope, where the southwestward‐flowing Brazil Current opposes the dominant direction of cyclone‐generated waves (usually from S/SE to S/SW). Modulation of wave height by currents in the subinertial band explained up to 95% of the total variance of the difference between results with and without ocean currents, and this band was largely related to the Brazil Current. Its near‐inertial counterpart explained up to 22% of the total variance and was primarily due to near‐inertial currents in the region. This study provides, for the first time, conclusive evidence that wave‐current interaction can impact LWEs in south/southeastern Brazil.
Assimilation of GRACE Follow‐On Inter‐Satellite Laser Ranging Measurements Into Land Surface Models
Authors: Khaki Mehdi , Han Shin‐Chan , Ghobadi‐Far Khosro , Yeo In‐Young , Tangdamrongsub Natthachet 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe monthly mean level‐2 (L2) time‐variable gravity as well as level‐3 (L3) Mass Concentration blocks (mascons) data from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow‐On (GRACE‐FO) missions are frequently used for improving land surface models. The conventional data assimilation approach requires several pre‐processing steps like filtering (to suppress the random and systematic errors), correction (to reduce the leakage effect) and scaling (to un‐do the attenuation effect by filters) before integrating the data with the models, for example, when computing total water storage (TWS) changes from L2 data. Moreover, due to the monthly sampling of L2 and L3 data, the model estimates are updated only once a month. This confines the applications of the approaches to cases where water storage is slowly varying at seasonal or interannual time‐scales. We present a new methodology based on direct assimilation of along‐orbit Line‐of‐sight Gravity Difference (LGD) measurements from the GRACE‐FO laser ranging interferometer (LRI) which overcomes the limitation of the conventional approach. Inter‐satellite ranging data reflect the gravitational changes at satellite altitude caused by the instantaneous TWS changes at the Earth surface. Therefore, they pose information at wide‐ranging time‐scales from hours to multiple years. The proposed method is applied globally to assimilate LRI data into a land surface model. Evaluation against multiple satellite‐based and ground data shows the superiority of our proposed approach. The new approach also offers better performance in capturing high‐frequency water storage variations imposed by sub‐monthly climatic events due to its higher number of data assimilation cycles within a month.
Impact of two ketogenic diet types in refractory childhood epilepsy
Authors: El-Shafie Ali M. , Bahbah Wael A. , Abd El Naby Sameh A. , Omar Zein A. , Basma Elsayedamr M. , Hegazy Aya A. A. , El Zefzaf Heba M. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundKetogenic diet (KD) refers to any diet in which food composition induces a ketogenic state of human metabolism.ObjectiveTo assess short- and long-term efficacy, safety, and tolerability of KD [classic KD and modified Atkins diet (MAD)] in childhood drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and to investigate the effect of KD on electroencephalographic (EEG) features of children with DRE.MethodsForty patients diagnosed with DRE according to International League Against Epilepsy were included and randomly assigned into classic KD or MAD groups. KD was initiated after clinical, lipid profile and EEG documentation, and regular follow-up was done for 24 months.ResultsOut of 40 patients with DRE, 30 completed this study. Both classic KD and MAD were effective in seizure control as 60% in classic KD group and 53.33% in MAD group became seizure free, and the remaining showed ≥50% seizure reduction. Lipid profile remained within acceptable levels throughout the study period in both groups. Adverse effects were mild and managed medically with an improvement of growth parameters and EEG during the study period.ConclusionsKD is an effective and safe non-pharmacologic, non-surgical therapy for the management of DRE with a positive impact on growth and EEG.ImpactBoth common types of KD (classic KD and MAD) are effective for DRE, but unfortunately, nonadherence and dropout rates are frequent.High serum lipid profile (cardiovascular AE) is often suspected in children following a high-fat diet, but lipid profile remained in the acceptable level up to 24 months. Therefore, KD constitutes a safe treatment.KD had a positive impact on growth, despite inconsistent results of the KD’s effect on growth.In addition to showing strong clinical effectiveness, KD also considerably decreased the frequency of interictal epileptiform discharges and enhanced the EEG background rhythm.
The genetic architecture of human amygdala volumes and their overlap with common brain disorders
Authors: Ou Ya-Nan , Wu Bang-Sheng , Ge Yi-Jun , Zhang Yi , Jiang Yu-Chao , Kuo Kevin , Yang Liu , Tan Lan , Feng Jian-Feng , Cheng Wei , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe amygdala is a crucial interconnecting structure in the brain that performs several regulatory functions, yet its genetic architectures and involvement in brain disorders remain largely unknown. We carried out the first multivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) of amygdala subfield volumes in 27,866 UK Biobank individuals. The whole amygdala was segmented into nine nuclei groups using Bayesian amygdala segmentation. The post-GWAS analysis allowed us to identify causal genetic variants in phenotypes at the SNP, locus, and gene levels, as well as genetic overlap with brain health-related traits. We further generalized our GWAS in Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) cohort. The multivariate GWAS identified 98 independent significant variants within 32 genomic loci associated (P < 5 × 10−8) with amygdala volume and its nine nuclei. The univariate GWAS identified significant hits for eight of the ten volumes, tagging 14 independent genomic loci. Overall, 13 of the 14 loci identified in the univariate GWAS were replicated in the multivariate GWAS. The generalization in ABCD cohort supported the GWAS results with the 12q23.2 (RNA gene RP11-210L7.1) being discovered. All of these imaging phenotypes are heritable, with heritability ranging from 15% to 27%. Gene-based analyses revealed pathways relating to cell differentiation/development and ion transporter/homeostasis, with the astrocytes found to be significantly enriched. Pleiotropy analyses revealed shared variants with neurological and psychiatric disorders under the conjFDR threshold of 0.05. These findings advance our understanding of the complex genetic architectures of amygdala and their relevance in neurological and psychiatric disorders.