bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil biota composition and the performance of a noxious weed across its invaded range
Authors: Nunes Krystal , Fitzpatrick Connor R. , Kotanen Peter M. 
Published: January 2023

<p>The success of invasive plant species is driven, in part, by feedback with soil ecosystems. Yet, how variation in belowground communities across latitudinal gradients affects invader distributions remains poorly understood. To determine the effect of soil communities on the performance of the noxious weed Cirsium arvense across its invaded range, we grew seedlings for 40 days in soils collected across a 699 km linear distance from both inside and outside established populations. We also described the mesofaunal and bacterial communities across all soil samples. We found that C. arvense typically performed better when grown in soils sourced from northern populations than from southern locations where it has a longer invasion history. We also found evidence that C. arvense performed best in soils sourced from outside invaded patches, although this was not consistent across all sites. The bacterial community showed a significant increase in the magnitude of compositional change in invaded sites at higher latitudes, while the mesofaunal community showed the opposite pattern. Bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with C. arvense performance, although mesofaunal community composition was not. Our results demonstrate that the interactions between an invasive plant and associated soil communities change across the invaded range, and the bacterial community in particular may affect variation in plant performance. Observed patterns may be caused by C.arvense presence and time since invasion allowing for an accumulation of species-specific pathogens in southern soils, while the naivete of northern soils to invasion results in a more responsive bacterial community. Although these interactions are difficult to predict, such effects could possibly facilitate the establishment of this exotic species to novel locations. </p>
Online but not remote: Adapting field-based ecology laboratories for online learning
Authors: Richter Christoph , Lortie Christopher , Kelly Tamara , Filazzola Alessandro , Nunes Krystal , Sarkar Raani 
Published: January 2023

<p>Teaching ecology effectively and experientially has become more challenging for at least two reasons today. Most experiences of our students are urban, and we now face the near immediate and continuing need to deliver courses (either partially or wholly) online because of COVID-19. Therefore, providing a learning experience that connects students to their environment within an ecological framework remains crucial and perhaps therapeutic to mental health. Here, we describe how prior to the pandemic we adapted our field-based laboratories to include data collection, analysis, and interpretation, along with the development of a citizen-science approach for online delivery. This design is simple to implement, does not require extensive work, and maintains the veracity of original learning outcomes. Collaboration online following field data collection in ecology courses within the context of cities offers further options to adapt to student experience levels, resource availability, and accessibility, as well as bringing instructors and students together to build an open well-curated data set that can be used in ecology courses where no laboratories are available. Finally, it promotes an open collaboration among ecology instructors that can drive lasting conversations about ecology curriculum. </p>
Closing the Employment Standards Enforcement Gap: An Agenda For Change
Authors: Vosko Leah , Grundy John , Tucker Eric , Noack Andie , Gellatly Mary , Casey Rebecca , Akkaymak Guliz , Hira-Friesen Parvinder 
Published: January 2023

<p>This report sets out a vision for strengthening the enforcement of the ESA. It advances recommendations for updating the provisions and enforcement of the Act so that it better protects people in precarious jobs. The report draws on research findings of “Closing the Employment Standards Enforcement Gap,” a multi-year research partnership supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and involving researchers from eight universities, an international advisory team of academic experts drawn from Australia, the United States, and Europe, as well as workers’ advocates from across Ontario. The research project adopts a mixed-method approach, incorporating archival data, interviews with workers and with staff of the Ministry of Labour, and analyses of Statistics Canada data and administrative data relating to the enforcement of the ESA. </p>
Are franchisees more prone to employment standards violations than other businesses? Evidence from Ontario, Canada
Authors: Easton Mark D. , Noack Andie , Vosko Leah 
Published: January 2023

<p>Using an administrative dataset from the Ontario Ministry of Labour, we investigate three hypotheses about employment standards violations among franchised businesses: (1) franchisees have a higher probability of violating employment standards than other businesses, (2) franchisees have a higher probability of monetary/wage-related ES violations than other businesses, and (3) franchisees have a lower probability of repaying monetary/wage-related violations than other businesses. The results of our statistical models suggest that overall, franchisees are indeed more likely to violate ES, have a higher probability of monetary/wage-related violations, and are less likely to repay such violations. However, the results vary substantially by industry. While franchisees had only marginally higher probabilities of an ES violation in two of the seven industry-groups examined, five of the seven industries showed substantially higher probabilities of a monetary violation. The results also show that franchisees in three industry groups (retail, accommodation and food services, and education, public administration, healthcare and social services) are particularly prone to monetary violations. </p>
Measuring Employment Standards Violations, Evasion and Erosion Using a Telephone Survey
Authors: Noack Andie , Vosko Leah , Grundy John 
Published: January 2023

<p>This article reports on efforts to develop a telephone survey that measures the overall prevalence of employment standards (ES) violations as well as their evasion and erosion in lowwage jobs in Ontario, without requiring that respondents have any pre-existing legal knowledge. The result is a survey instrument that is unique in the Canadian context and reflects the concerns of both academic researchers and workers’ rights activists. Pilot survey results show that Ontario workers do not necessarily distinguish between ES violations and other workplace grievances and complaints. With careful questionnaire design, it is nevertheless possible to measure the prevalence of ES violations, evasion and erosion. In order to track the effects of ES policies and their implementation, it is crucial to establish baseline measures and standardized reporting tools. </p>
Distribution of Brominated Flame Retardants and Dechloranes between sediments and benthic fish – A comparison of a freshwater and marine habitat
Authors: Suehring Roxana , Busch Friederike , Fricke Nicolai F. , Kötke Danijela , Wolschke Hendrik , Ebinghaus Ralf 
Published: January 2023

<p>A total of 53 halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) were analysed in sediments, European eels and dabs from both freshwater and marine sampling stations in the </p>
<p>German Bight and the river Elbe. </p>
<p>Classic HFRs, such as polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), were the highest concentrated HFRs in eels as well as in most dabs (apart from 1,2,5,6 tetrabromocyclooctane (TBCO)). In sediments, on the other hand, alternate BFRs and especially Dechloranes dominated the contamination pattern. Dabs were still found to be statistically representative for the contamination patterns and relative magnitude in sediments from their respective habitats. Contamination patterns in eels seemed to be more driven by the contamination situation in the food chain or </p>
<p>historical contamination of their habitat. </p>
<p>Unsuspectedly the alternate flame retardant TBCO was found in comparably high concentrations (up to 12 ng g-1 ww) in dabs from two sampling stations as well as in sediments from these stations (up to 1.2 ng g-1 dw). It could not be detected in any other analysed fish or sediment samples, indicating a localised contamination source in the area. </p>
<p>This study provides information on HFR contamination patterns and behaviour in both marine and freshwater sediments and their potential role as contamination source for benthic fish. </p>
Maternal transfer of emerging brominated and chlorinated flame retardants in European eels
Authors: Suehring Roxana , Freese Marko , Schneider Mandy , Schubert Sophia , Pohlmann Jan-Dag , Alaee Mehran , Wolschke Hendrik , Hanel Reinhold , Ebinghaus Ralf , Marohn Lasse 
Published: January 2023

<p>The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is regarded as a critically endangered species. Scientists are in agreement that the “quality of spawners” is a vital factor for the survival of the species. This quality can be impaired by parasites, disease and pollution. Especially endocrine </p>
<p>disrupting organic chemicals pose a potential threat to reproduction and development of offspring. </p>
<p>To our knowledge, the findings in this publication for the first time describe maternal transfer of contaminants in eels. We analysed the concentrations of in total 53 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their halogenated substitutes in muscle, gonads and eggs of </p>
<p>artificially matured European eels and in muscle and gonads of untreated European eels that were used for comparison. We found evidence that persistent organic pollutants such as PBDEs, as well as their brominated and chlorinated substitutes are redistributed from muscle tissue to gonads and eggs. Concentrations ranged from 0.001 ng g-1 ww for sum Dechlorane metabolites (DPMA, aCL10DP, aCl11DP) to 2.1 ng g-1 ww for TBA in eggs, 0.001 ng g-1 ww for Dechlorane metabolites to 9.4 ng g-1 ww for TBA in gonads and 0.002 ng g-1 ww for Dechlorane metabolites to 54 ng g-1 ww for TBA in muscle tissue. Average egg muscle ratios (EMRs) for </p>
<p>compounds detectable in artificially matured eels from both Schlei Fjord and Ems River ranged from 0.01 for Dechlorane 602 (DDC-DBF) to 10.4 for PBEB. Strong correlations were found between flame retardant concentrations and lipid content in the analysed tissue types, as well as transfer rates and octanol-water partitioning coefficient, indicating that these parameters </p>
<p>were the driving factors for the observed maternal transfer. Furthermore, indications were found, that TBP-DBPE, TBP-AE, BATE and TBA have a significant uptake from the surrounding water, rather than just food and might additionally be formed by metabolism or biotransformation processes. Dechloranes seem to be of increasing relevance as contaminants in eels and are transferred to eggs. A change of the isomer pattern in comparison to the technical product of Dechlorane Plus (DP) was observed indicating a redistribution of DP from muscle tissue to gonads during silvering with a preference of the syn-isomer. The highly bioaccumulative DDC-DBF was the most abundant Dechlorane in all fish of the comparison group even though it is not produced or imported in the EU. The aldrin related “experimental flame retardant” dibromoaldrin (DBALD) was detected for the first time </p>
<p>in the environment in similar or higher concentrations than DP. </p>
Non-target assessment of the maternal transfer of non-polar toxic organic compounds in European eels by GCxGC-TOF and GC-FTICR-MS
Authors: Suehring Roxana , Ortiz Xavier , Pena-Abaurrea Miren , Jobst Karl , Freese Marko , Pohlmann Jan-Dag , Marohn Lasse , Ebinghaus Ralf , Backus Sean , Hanel Reinhold , Reiner Eric 
Published: January 2023

<p>Chemical pollution is hypothesized as one of the factors driving the strong decline of the critically endangered European eel population. Specifically the impact of contaminants on the quality of spawning eels and subsequent embryo survival and development has been discussed as crucial investigation point. However, so far only very limited information on potential negative effects of contaminants on the reproduction of eels is available. </p>
<p>Through the combination of non-targeted ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry and multidimensional gas chromatography, combined with more conventional targeted analytical approaches, compounds of particular relevance and their maternal transfer in artificially matured European eels from the German river Ems have been identified. </p>
<p>Substituted diphenylamines were, unexpectedly, found to be the primary organic contaminants in the eel samples, with concentrations exceeding 10 µg g-1 ww. Furthermore, it could be shown that these contaminants, as well as known contaminants in eel such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are not merely stored in lipid rich tissue of eels, but maternally transferred into gonads and eggs. </p>
<p>The results of this study provide unpreceded information on both the fate and behavior of substituted diphenylamines in the environment as well as their relevance as contaminants in European eels.</p>
Eğitim Kooperatifi Okulları Üzerine Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: Ardakoç İlayda , Görgü Ertan 
Published: January 2023

Araştırmada eğitim kooperatifi anaokulunun kuruluşu, yönetimi, finansmanı, faaliyetleri, iletişim süreci, tercih edilme nedenleri ve gelişimi için neler yapılabileceği hakkında keşifte bulunması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma yönteminin durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar, amaçlı örneklem yöntemiyle seçilmiştir. Kooperatif ortağı olan ve olmayan veliler, kooperatif ortakları ve okul yöneticisi olmak üzere dokuz katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Veriler, hazırlanan görüşme formlarıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmış, betimsel analiz yöntemi ile yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarında kooperatif okulun ebeveyn iş birliği içerisinde kurulduğu, okulun kooperatif üyelerinin ve eğitim kadrosunun aldığı ortak kararlar ve çok paydaşlı bir anlayışla yönetildiği, ana finansman kaynağının ebeveynler tarafından ödenen kayıt ücretleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kooperatif okulda alternatif eğitim modelleri uygulanmaktadır ve veliler okul içi iletişim sürecini olumlu değerlendirmektedir. Ancak katılımcılar, COVID-19 salgın döneminde okulun finansman ve iletişim süreçlerinin olumsuz etkilendiğini ifade etmiştir. Eğitim kooperatifi üyeleri, okulun hem sermayedarı hem de velisidir. Bu durum paydaşların sorumluluk sınırlarının belirlenmesini ve korunmasını zorlaştırmaktadır. Katılımcılar, kooperatif okul modelinin öğrencilerin akademik ve sosyal başarıları üzerinde olumlu bir etki oluşturduğunu ve velilerin okula karşı bağlılıklarını arttırdığını ifade etmiştir. Alternatif bir okul modeli olarak belirtilen okulların, yasal ve finansal açıdan desteklenmesi ve teşvik edilmesinin faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
(α,β)-INTERVAL VALUED INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY SETS DEFINED ON (α,β)-INTERVAL VALUED SET
Authors: BAL Arif , ÇUVALCIOĞLU Gökhan , ALTINCI Cansu 
Published: January 2023

In this paper, (α,β)-interval valued set is studied. The order relation on (α,β)-interval valued set is defined. It is shown that (α,β)-interval valued set is complete lattice by giving the definitions of infumum and supremum on these sets. Then, negation function on these sets is introduced.
With the help of (α,β)-interval valued set ,(α,β)-interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets are defined. The fundamental algebraic properties of these sets are examined. The level subsets of (α,β)-interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets are given. Some propositions and examples are studied.
LITERASI DIGITAL UNTUK PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS PELAKU USAHA SKALA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Evelina Tri Yulistyawati , Sulasari Ayu , Permatasari Ita Rifiani , Budiarti Lina , Sakti Radhia Jatu Noviarsita 
Published: January 2023

Peningkatan kapasitas pelaku usaha skala mikro, kecil, dan menengah dalam menggunakan teknologi digital serta perangkatnya dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan literasi digital. Tujuan dari pelatihan ini adalah agar memiliki pengetahuan literasi digital sehingga mampu menggunakan teknologi digital serta perangkatnya secara bijaksana, tepat guna, dan aman. Rumah Pengusaha Malang Raya (RPMR) merupakan paguyuban pengusaha Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) se-Kota Malang, Jawa Timur. RPMR memiliki cakupan wilayah Kota Malang, Kabupaten Malang, hingga Kota Batu dan memiliki 450 anggota yang tersebar di berbagai wilayah. Dengan jumlah anggota yang banyak perlu diberikan pelatihan bagi para pelaku usaha skala mikro, kecil dan menengah berupa pelatihan literasi digital yang nantinya dapat membantu mereka beradaptasi untuk menghadapi tantangan-tantangan dunia digital.
Pelatihan literasi digital ini menggunakan materi dari program USAID ‘Digital Asia Accelerator (DAA) – Literasi Digital’ yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penggunaan teknologi digital atau pembangunan ekonomi yang aman dan tepat di Asia Tenggara. DAA berfokus kepada tujuan meningkatkan kesadaran publik tentang masalah keamanan digital dan meningkatkan perilaku aman berinternet dan memperkuat kemampuan sektor swasta khususnya UMKM untuk terlibat aktif daslam ekonomi digital melalui peningkatan dan ketrampilan digital serta keamanan siber (cybersecurity)
“Motherwork” and communicative labor: A gendered analysis of hunger in marginalized US women
Authors: de Souza Rebecca 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe feminization of hunger plays out in communities across the globe where poverty exists, including the United States, the world's wealthiest nation. The feminization of hunger and poverty can be traced to the “gender system”—deep seated gender inequities resulting in job segregation, discrimination in pay, unpaid caring work, and gender-based violence.MethodsExploratory qualitative research study with two focus groups comprising low-income women (n = 20).ResultsThe analysis identified three key themes: toxic stress related to food work, welfare stigma and racism, and the invisible loads of care work and communicative labor.DiscussionThe analysis shows how women's experience of hunger and food insecurity in the US is linked to forces of economic deprivation and symbolic violence. Consistent with Allen's (2007) theorization of “motherwork”, for women and mothers the experience of food insecurity is distinct because of its gendered link to the care work, food work, and communicative labor necessary for the survival and wellbeing of children.
Study on green filling mining technology and its application in deep coal mines: A case study in the Xieqiao coal mine
Authors: Hou Junling , Li Chuiyu , Yuan Lin , Li Junbin , Liu Fei 
Published: January 2023

Due to the gradual depletion of shallow mineral resources at present, mines are now gradually entering the deep mining stage. To promote the safe and efficient green mining of deep coal resources and sustainable energy development, and to improve the production efficiency of paste filling mining, the research group has performed this study on the green filling mining technology and application of the working face. Taking working face 1241 (3) of the Xieqiao coal mine as the engineering background, the selection and experiment of filling materials were carried out, and the gangue, fly ash and cement produced by the Xieqiao coal mine were used as the filling aggregate. Next, the strength changes before and after paste filling was obtained by theoretical calculation. The strength at the early stage of filling was no less than 0.13 MPa, and that at the late stage of filling was no less than 2 MPa. Based on previous experimental research and theoretical calculation, the mixing pumping process of paste material ratio and the gangue crushing process were determined, and the filling pipeline system was designed. Then, based on the traditional coal mining technology, a filling mining technology of working face was designed and optimized. The field application of the research results shows that after the goaf of the working face had been filled, the ground pressure behavior of the coal wall of the working face was significantly weakened, and the stability of the surrounding rock of the working face was effectively controlled. Therefore, the method achieved good results, effectively controlled the stability of surrounding rock in goaf, and provided a theoretical basis and data support for realizing safe, efficient and green mining of deep coal resources. The results of this study bear important significance and application value.
Prognostication of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma based on preoperative ultrasound
Authors: Cohen Samuel M. , Noel Julia E. , Baroody Michael , Orloff Lisa A. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundDiagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, defined as papillary thyroid carcinoma measuring 1cm or less in greatest diameter, has increased with improvements in ultrasound technology and widespread familiarity and utilization. Given the indolent course of papillary thyroid carcinoma, active surveillance is considered an acceptable alternative to surgical resection for select patients. Candidacy for active surveillance is determined by a number of patient and tumor characteristics. Specifically, the location of the tumor within the thyroid gland plays one of the key roles in decision making. Here we evaluate characteristics of the primary tumor and distance to the thyroid capsule in association with locoregional metastases to help guide risk assessment.MethodsRetrospective chart review of all thyroid surgeries performed by two surgeons at one medical center from 2014-2021 to evaluate characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma on preoperative ultrasound that are associated with locoregional metastatic disease.ResultsOur data show a sensitivity of 65% and specificity of 95% for identifying regional metastases in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma using preoperative ultrasound. We found no correlation between regional metastasis and size of tumor, distance to thyroid capsule or trachea, tumor contour, or presence of autoimmune thyroiditis. Nodules in the superior or midpole were associated with central or lateral neck metastases, whereas nodules in the isthmus or inferior pole were only associated with central neck metastases.ConclusionsActive surveillance may be a reasonable option for even those papillary thyroid microcarcinomas adjacent to the thyroid capsule.