bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ҚАРЖЫЛЫҚ САУАТТЫЛЫҚТЫ АНЫҚТАУДЫҢ ТҰЖЫРЫМДАМАЛЫҚ ТӘСІЛДЕРІ
Authors: Т.С. САРЖАНОВ, , Л.Т. БАЯХМЕТОВА, , Г.С. МУСАЕВА, , А.Т. БАЯХМЕТОВА, 
Published: January 2023

В последние годы, актуальность финансовой грамотности возросла в свете динамичного и стремительного развития финансовых систем стран, в том числе под влиянием глобализации и активного внедрения информационных технологий. Именно финансовая грамотность является одним из важнейших показателей, характеризующих способность домашних хозяйств в принятии адекватных финансовых решений для дальнейшего увеличения своего благосостояния.
Соңғы жылдары қаржылық сауаттылықтың өзектілігі елдердің қаржы жүйелерінің серпінді және қарқынды дамуы, оның ішінде жаһанданудың және ақпараттық технологияларды белсенді енгізудің әсерінен өсті. Бұл қаржылық сауаттылық, үй шаруашылықтарының әл-ауқатын одан әрі арттыру үшін тиісті қаржылық шешімдер қабылдау қабілетін сипаттайтын маңызды көрсеткіштердің бірі.
In recent years, the relevance of financial literacy has increased in the light of the dynamic and rapid development of the financial systems of countries, including under the influence of globalization and the active introduction of information technologies. Financial literacy is one of the most important indicators that characterize the ability of households to make adequate financial decisions to further increase their well-being.
ҚАРАҚАЛПАКСТАН РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫНЫҢ АУЫЛДЫҚ АУДАНДАРЫНДА ӨНДІРІСТІ АУМАҚТЫҚ ҰЙЫМДАСТЫРУҒА ДЕМОГРАФИЯЛЫҚ ФАКТОРДЫҢ ӘСЕРІ
Authors: Г.А. ХОДЖАЕВА, , Г.А. БЕКБУЛАТОВА, , М.Д. БАЙРАМОВА, 
Published: January 2023

В этой статье анализируется влияние демографического фактора на территориальную организацию производства в сельских районах Республики Каракалпакстан и выявлены основные тенденции развития производства. Приводится анализ статистических данных сельской местности, а также даются предложения по улучшению негативных ситуации.
Бұл мақалада Қарақалпақстан Республикасының ауылдық аудандарында өндірісті аумақтық ұйымдастыруға демографиялық фактордың әсері талданып, өндірісті дамытудың негізгі үрдістері анықталды. Ауылдық жерлердің статистикалық деректеріне талдау келтіріледі, сондай-ақ жағымсыз жағдайларды жақсарту жөнінде ұсыныстар беріледі.
This article analyzes the influence of the demographic factor on the territorial organization of production in rural areas of the Republic of Karakalpakstan and identifies the main trends in the development of production. The analysis of statistical data of rural areas is given, as well as suggestions for improving the current situation are given.
OJOS DE SERPIENTE
Authors: Montalvo García Diego Rafael 
Published: January 2023

Zinat llevaba mucho tiempo meditando. En su regazo, yacía un libro del antiguo Egipto que en su postura actual, abierto a la mitad, parecía una mariposa con las alas extendidas, perfectamente rectangulares. Yo me quedé parado a su lado.Era una tarde aburrida, y Zinat no hacía más que beber vino en una copa cristalina que parecía simular a un frutero. Me dijo que había terminado de leer una carta de un viejo amigo suyo, un millonario coleccionista de reliquias antiguas y raras. —¿Qué tienen en común los faraones con las personas actuales? —inquirió Zinat mientrasse llevaba un sorbo de licor a los labios.
—No lo sé, Zinat. Los faraones vivieron hace mucho tiempo.
—Su comentario no responde a mi pregunta… Debo decir que aquello no me llama la atención.
—Disculpe, Zinat.
—Tranquilo, Futes. Creo que la culpa es mía por tratar de abrirle la mente.
Discussion of the Routes of the Future Trans-Siberian Railway in Russian Scientific and Technical Societies in the 1870s - early 1890s.
Authors: Shilnikova Irina 
Published: January 2023

The search for the optimal route of the Trans- Siberian Railway took more than a decade in the second half of the XIX century. The discussions on this issue involved not only government officials, but also representatives of business circles, members of Russian scientific and technical societies, and broad public circles. Russian Geographical and Imperial Russian Technical Societies' activity in the 1870s - early 1890s to develop proposals on the route of the transcontinental railway, as well as on the use of waterways in the context of solving the problems of the construction of the Trans–Siberian Railway is considered in the article. The main sources were verbatim reports, reports and other materials published following the meetings of participants of these Russian scientific societies, as well as invited speakers. Discussions about possible directions of the future Trans-Siberian Railway line, which took place in the 1870s – early 1890s, contributed to the gradual formation of the main possible options for the route of the railway, taking into account, first of all, economic interests, financial opportunities, technical difficulties and construction deadlines. Some of the proposed solutions and recommendations were taken into account during the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway in subsequent years. In addition, thanks to the participation of scientists, engineers and other specialists in these discussions, it was possible to formulate priority tasks for further topographic, geological, hydrological, climatic and other studies of the territories of Siberia and the Far East, which were planned to be carried out with the direct participation of the state, both in the context of railway construction tasks, and in general to expand knowledge about these territories.
Hydrometeorological characterization and estimation of landfill leachate generation in the Eastern Amazon/Brazil
Authors: Reyes Flores Carlos Armando , Ferreira Albuquerque Cunha Helenilza , Cavalcanti da Cunha Alan 
Published: January 2023

The complex physical-chemical and microbiological composition of leachate in sanitary landfills sets the adequate treatment for different waste types. However, before the final disposal of wastes in receptor waterbodies, it is essential to use specific methods to quantitatively prevent internal flows to find proper treatments. The aim of the present research is to use hydrological models to estimate monthly leachate flow generation in Macapá’s Municipal Sanitary Landfill (ASMM), Amapá State, Brazil. Disregarding the temporal trend bias, the average (0.45 m3s−1), minimum (0.07 m3s−1) and maximum (0.72 m3s−1) flows were estimated based on hydrological models in the literature (Rmax = 99%, p < 0.05). The results estimated from different hydrological gauges pointed towards significant spatial variations in final discharge. Thus, estimated flows worked as reference to calculate the loads of coproducts and nutrients concerning different operational stages in ASMM. Therefore, rain intensity estimates have pointed out precipitation variability, and it has significantly affected leachate flow. In conclusion, there would be a proportional increase in leachate flow during extreme maximum precipitation events; overflow would be the effect of such flows and it would assumingly have impact on its surrounding areas. It is also possible estimating some degree of rainfall impact over ASMM’s infrastructure in the long term (>10 years), since it could influence its lifespan.
Efficacy and Safety of Proposed Biosimilar Natalizumab (PB006) in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Hemmer Bernhard , Wiendl Heinz , Roth Karsten , Wessels Hendrik , Höfler Josef , Hornuss Cyrill , Liedert Bernd , Selmaj Krzysztof 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceProposed biosimilar natalizumab (biosim-NTZ) PB006 is the first biosimilar monoclonal antibody therapy developed for multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment.ObjectiveTo evaluate matching efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity between biosim-NTZ and reference natalizumab (ref-NTZ) in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Antelope trial was a phase 3, parallel-group, randomized, active-controlled study, conducted between October 2019 and March 2021, with last patient follow-up visit on August 23, 2021. The study took place in 48 centers in 7 countries. Of 531 patients with RRMS aged 18 to 60 years screened, 266 were excluded before randomization in line with study criteria. Eligible participants had 1 or more documented relapse within the previous year and either 1 or more gadolinium-enhancing T1-weighted or 9 or more T2-weighted brain lesions, Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 0 to 5.0 (inclusive), and John Cunningham virus index of 1.5 or less at screening. One patient withdrew consent before dosing.InterventionsIntravenous infusions every 4 weeks of biosim-NTZ, 300 mg, or ref-NTZ, 300 mg (1:1 randomization), from week 0 to week 44 (end-of-study visit: week 48). At week 24, the ref-NTZ group was rerandomized and 30 patients were switched to biosim-NTZ for the remainder of the study.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was the cumulative number of new active lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (new gadolinium-enhancing T1-weighted lesions and new/enlarging T2-weighted lesions without double counting) over 24 weeks. Additional end points included further magnetic resonance imaging parameters, annualized relapse rate, and Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale score. Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity assessments included adverse events, laboratory evaluations, and positivity for anti–John Cunningham virus antibodies and antinatalizumab antibodies.ResultsA total of 264 participants (mean [SD] age, 36.7 [9.38] years; 162 [61.4%] female) received treatment with biosim-NTZ (n = 131) or ref-NTZ (n = 133). At week 24, the model-based mean difference in cumulative number of new active lesions between biosim-NTZ and ref-NTZ treatment groups was 0.17 (least square means [SE]: biosim-NTZ, 0.34 [0.34]; ref-NTZ, 0.45 [0.28]; 95% CI, –0.61 to 0.94 within the prespecified margins of ±2.1). No significant differences between treatment groups were observed across secondary efficacy end points, safety, tolerability, or immunogenicity assessments.Conclusions and RelevanceBiosim-NTZ matched ref-NTZ in efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity for patients with RRMS in the tested setting. This phase 3 trial supports proposed biosim-NTZ as a biosimilar alternative to ref-NTZ for treating RRMS.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04115488
Soft Optomechanical Systems for Sensing, Modulation, and Actuation
Authors: Pujol‐Vila Ferran , Güell‐Grau Pau , Nogués Josep , Alvarez Mar , Sepúlveda Borja 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoft optomechanical systems have the ability to reversibly respond to optical and mechanical external stimuli by changing their own properties (e.g., shape, size, viscosity, stiffness, color or transmittance). These systems typically combine the optical properties of plasmonic, dielectric or carbon‐based nanomaterials with the high elasticity and deformability of soft polymers, thus opening the path for the development of new mechanically tunable optical systems, sensors, and actuators for a wide range of applications. This review focuses on the recent progresses in soft optomechanical systems, which are here classified according to their applications and mechanisms of optomechanical response. The first part summarizes the soft optomechanical systems for mechanical sensing and optical modulation based on the variation of their optical response under external mechanical stimuli, thereby inducing mechanochromic or intensity modulation effects. The second part describes the soft optomechanical systems for the development of light induced mechanical actuators based on different actuation mechanisms, such as photothermal effects and phase transitions, among others. The final section provides a critical analysis of the main limitations of current soft optomechanical systems and the progress that is required for future devices.
Smart Skin‐Adhesive Patches: From Design to Biomedical Applications
Authors: Wong Siu Hong Dexter , Deen G. Roshan , Bates Jeffrey S. , Maiti Chiranjit , Lam Ching Ying Katherine , Pachauri Abhishek , AlAnsari Renad , Bělský Petr , Yoon Jinhwan , Dodda Jagan Mohan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith the advancement of medical and digital technologies, smart skin adhesive patches have emerged as a key player for complex medical purposes. In particular, skin adhesive patches with integrated electronics have created an excellent platform for monitoring health conditions and intelligent medication. However, the efficient design of the adhesive patches is still challenging as it requires a strong combination of network structure, adhesion, physical properties, and biocompatibility. To design an assimilated device, one must have a deep knowledge of various skin adhesive patches. This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent advances in skin‐adhesive patches, including hydrogel‐based adhesive patches, transdermal patches, and electronic skin (E‐skin) patches, for various biomedical applications such as wound healing, drug delivery, biosensing, and health monitoring. Furthermore, the key challenges, implementable strategies, and future designs that can potentially provide researchers in designing innovative multipurpose smart skin patches are discussed. These advanced approaches are promising for managing the health and fitness of patients who require regular medical care.
Molecular Layer Deposition of Pyrrone Thin Films by Oxidative Polymerization
Authors: Ghafourisaleh Saba , Vehkamäki Marko , Vihervaara Anton , Zhang Chao , Heikkilä Mikko J. , Leskelä Markku , Putkonen Matti , Ritala Mikko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the deposition of pyrrone thin film materials by molecular layer deposition (MLD) is reported for the first time using pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and 3,3'‐diaminobenzidine (DAB) as monomers, and ozone as a promoting precursor. Besides ozone, the effect of water, hydrogen peroxide, and oxygen is also tested to promote the growth of MLD thin films. Ozone as a strong oxidant is the best reactant in this process. Two precursor pulsing sequences are tested and both result in pyrrone films. With the DAB+O3+PMDA sequence, growth per cycle (GPC) of 1.2 Å is obtained at 250–300 °C, whereas with the DAB+PMDA+O3 sequence, GPC of 1.5 Å is obtained. When only DAB and O3 are used, indamine films with GPC of 1.0 Å are obtained. The films are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Chemical, thermal, and electrical properties of the films are also investigated. The films are stable in acidic and basic solutions and organic solvents, and they withstand 300 °C when annealed in air.
Prospects in Broadening the Application of Planar Solution‐Based Distributed Bragg Reflectors
Authors: Palo Emilia , Daskalakis Konstantinos S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDistributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are primarily used in lasers and telecommunications. Liquid film deposition of DBRs holds great promise for expanding their utilization in environmental friendly, low‐cost, and large‐area applications. In this perspective, this work reviews the progress in solution‐based DBR research and evaluates their application in light‐emitting devices, photovoltaics and sensing. For these applications, a high refractive index contrast between the alternating layers of a DBR is important for achieving high reflectivity from only a small number of layers. While there is a plethora of solution processes that can produce low‐refractive index films, the realization of high‐refractive index films is challenging. Recent advances in materials and coating processes have addressed this challenge and novel solution‐based DBRs showed remarkable performance which is on par with traditional physical/chemical vapor phase deposition. This work examines what inhibits solution‐based DBRs, despite the great progress, to reach the stage of commercial application. In addition, this work found that DBR research is substantially extended beyond photonics, thus by summarizing materials and processes in a single table it aims to provide the necessary information to researchers with diverse backgrounds.
Interfacial Tension Driven Open Droplet Microfluidics
Authors: Khor Jian Wei , Lee Ulri N. , Berthier Jean , Berthier Erwin , Theberge Ashleigh B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDroplet microfluidics enables compartmentalized reactions in small scales and is utilized for a variety of applications across chemical analysis, material science, and biology. While droplet microfluidics is a successful technology, barriers include high “activation energy” to develop custom applications and complex peripheral equipment. These barriers limit the adoption of droplet microfluidics in labs or prototyping environments. This work demonstrates for the first time an open channel droplet microfluidic system that autonomously generates droplets at low capillary numbers. Hundreds of droplets are produced in a run using only an open channel, pipettes, and a commercially available carrier fluid. Conceptual applications that showcase the process of droplet generation, splitting, transport, incubation, mixing, and sorting are demonstrated. The open nature of the device enables the use of physical tools such as tweezers and styli to directly access the system; with this, a new method of droplet sorting and transfer unique to open systems is demonstrated. This platform offers enhanced usability, direct access to the droplet contents, easy manufacturability, compact footprint, and high customizability. This design is a first step in exploring the space of power‐free open droplet microfluidic systems and provides design rules for similar channel designs.
Electron Modulation and Morphology Engineering Jointly Accelerate Oxygen Reaction to Enhance Zn‐Air Battery Performance
Authors: Zhao Xue , Chen Jianbing , Bi Zenghui , Chen Songqing , Feng Ligang , Zhou Xiaohai , Zhang Haibo , Zhou Yingtang , Wågberg Thomas , Hu Guangzhi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCombining morphological control engineering and diatomic coupling strategies, heteronuclear FeCo bimetals are efficiently intercalated into nitrogen‐doped carbon materials with star‐like to simultaneously accelerate oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The half‐wave potential and kinetic current density of the ORR driven by FeCoNC/SL surpass the commercial Pt/C catalyst. The overpotential of OER is as low as 316 mV (η10), and the mass activity is at least 3.2 and 9.4 times that of mononuclear CoNC/SL and FeNC/SL, respectively. The power density and specific capacity of the Zn‐air battery with FeCoNC/SL as air cathode are as high as 224.8 mW cm−2 and 803 mAh g−1, respectively. Morphologically, FeCoNC/SL endows more reactive sites and accelerates the process of oxygen reaction. Density functional theory reveals the active site of the heteronuclear diatomic, and the formation of FeCoN5C configuration can effectively tune the d‐band center and electronic structure. The redistribution of electrons provides conditions for fast electron exchange, and the change of the center of the d‐band avoids the strong adsorption of intermediate species to simultaneously take into account both ORR and OER and thus achieve high‐performance Zn‐air batteries.
Anatomically Designed Triboelectric Wristbands with Adaptive Accelerated Learning for Human–Machine Interfaces
Authors: Fang Han , Wang Lei , Fu Zhongzheng , Xu Liang , Guo Wei , Huang Jian , Wang Zhong Lin , Wu Hao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecent advances in flexible wearable devices have boosted the remarkable development of devices for human–machine interfaces, which are of great value to emerging cybernetics, robotics, and Metaverse systems. However, the effectiveness of existing approaches is limited by the quality of sensor data and classification models with high computational costs. Here, a novel gesture recognition system with triboelectric smart wristbands and an adaptive accelerated learning (AAL) model is proposed. The sensor array is well deployed according to the wrist anatomy and retrieves hand motions from a distance, exhibiting highly sensitive and high‐quality sensing capabilities beyond existing methods. Importantly, the anatomical design leads to the close correspondence between the actions of dominant muscle/tendon groups and gestures, and the resulting distinctive features in sensor signals are very valuable for differentiating gestures with data from 7 sensors. The AAL model realizes a 97.56% identification accuracy in training 21 classes with only one‐third operands of the original neural network. The applications of the system are further exploited in real‐time somatosensory teleoperations with a low latency of <1 s, revealing a new possibility for endowing cyber‐human interactions with disruptive innovation and immersive experience.
ECM‐Inspired Hydrogels with ADSCs Encapsulation for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Authors: Zhu Haofang , Wu Xiangyi , Liu Rui , Zhao Yuanjin , Sun Lingyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to their intrinsic anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) are explored as a promising alternative in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To address the poor survival and function loss of directly injected stem cells, efforts in this area are focus on the generation of efficient cell delivery vehicles. Herein, a novel extracellular matrix (ECM)‐inspired injectable hydrogel for ADSCs encapsulation and RA treatment is proposed. The hydrogel with dendritic polylysine and polysaccharide components is formed through the reversible Schiff base crosslinking. It possesses self‐healing capability, superior mechanical properties, minimal toxicity, and immunomodulatory ability. When encapsulated with ADSCs, the hydrogel could recover chronic inflammation by directly reversing the dominant macrophage phenotype from M1 to M2 and inhibiting the migration of fibroblast‐like synoviocytes. Through a collagen‐induced arthritis rat model, the tremendous therapeutic outcomes of this ADSCs‐laden hydrogel, including inflammation attenuation, cartilage protection, and bone mineral density promotion are demonstrated. These results make the ECM‐inspired hydrogel laden with ADSCs an ideal candidate for treating RA and other autoimmune disorders.
Depth‐Dependent Post‐Treatment for Reducing Voltage Loss in Printable Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xiao Xufeng , Zhang Wenhao , Liu Jiale , Du Jiankang , Qiu Cheng , Meng Ranjun , Mei Anyi , Han Hongwei , Hu Yue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells consisting of a double layer of metal oxides covered by a porous carbon film have attracted attention due to their industrialization advantages. However, the tens‐of‐micrometer thickness of the triple scaffold leads to a challenge for perovskite to crystallize and for the charge carriers to separate and travel to the electrode, which limits the open circuit voltage (VOC) of such devices. In this work, a depth‐dependent post‐treatment strategy is demonstrated to synergistically passivate defects and tune interfacial energy band alignment. Two thiophene derivatives, namely 3‐chlorothiophene (3‐CT) and 3‐thiophene ethylenediamine (3‐TEA), are selected for the post‐treatment. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy proves that 3‐CT is uniformly distributed throughout the triple scaffold and effectively passivates the defects of the bulky perovskite, while 3‐TEA reacts rapidly with the loose perovskite in the carbon layer to form 2D perovskite, forming a type II energy band alignment at the perovskite/carbon interface. As a result, the defect‐assisted recombination is suppressed and the interfacial energy band is regulated, increasing theVOCto 1012 mV. The PCE of the devices is enhanced from 16.26% to 18.49%. This depth‐dependent post‐treatment strategy takes advantage of the unique structure and provides a new insight for reducing the voltage loss.