bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences, barriers, and facilitators of health data use among performance monitoring teams (PMT) of health facilities in Eastern Ethiopia: A qualitative study
Authors: Abera Admas , Tolera Abebe , Tusa Biruk Shalmeno , Weldesenbet Adisu Birhanu , Tola Assefa , Shiferaw Tilahun , Girma Alemayehu , Mohammed Rania , Dessie Yadeta 
Published: May 2023

Background
Routine health data is crucial in decision-making and improved health outcomes. Despite the significant investments in improving Ethiopia’s Performance Monitoring Team (PMT), there is limited evidence on the involvement, implementation strategies, and facilitators and barriers to data utilization by these teams responding to present and emerging health challenges. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the PMT experiences, facilitators, and barriers to information use in healthcare facilities in Eastern Ethiopia.

Method
This study employed a phenomenological study design using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to identify the most relevant constructs, aiming to describe the data use approaches at six facilities in Dire Dawa and Harari regions in July 2021. Key informant interviews were conducted among 18 purposively selected experts using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic coding analysis was applied using a partially deductive approach informed by previous studies and an inductive technique with the creation of new emerging themes. Data were analyzed thematically using ATLAS.ti.

Results
Study participants felt the primary function of PMT was improving health service delivery. This study also revealed that data quality, performance, service quality, and improvement strategies were among the major focus areas of the PMT. Data use by the PMT was affected by poor data quality, absence of accountability, and lack of recognition for outstanding performance. In addition, the engagement of PMT members on multiple committees negatively impacted data use leading to inadequate follow-up of PMT activities, weariness, and insufficient time to complete responsibilities.

Conclusion
Performance monitoring teams in the health facilities were established and functioning according to the national standard. However, barriers to operative data use included PMT engagement with multiple committees, poor data quality, lack of accountability, and poor documentation practices. Addressing the potential barriers by leveraging the PMT and existing structures have the potential to improve data use and health service performance.
Understanding barriers to tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment completion in a low-resource setting: A mixed-methods study in the Kingdom of Lesotho
Authors: Andom Afom T. , Gilbert Hannah N. , Ndayizigiye Melino , Mukherjee Joia S. , Lively Christina Thompson , Nthunya Jonase , Marole Tholoana A. , Ratsiu Makena , Smith Fawzi Mary C. , Yuen Courtney M. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Lesotho is one of the 30 countries with the highest tuberculosis incidence rates in the world, estimated at 650 per 100,000 population. Tuberculosis case detection is extremely low, particularly with the rapid spread of COVID-19, dropping from an estimated 51% in 2020 to 33% in 2021. The aim of this study is to understand the barriers to tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment completion.

Methods
We used a convergent mixed methods study design. We collected data on the number of clients reporting symptoms upon tuberculosis screening, their sputum test results, the number of clients diagnosed, and the number of clients who started treatment from one district hospital and one health center in Berea district, Lesotho. We conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 53 health workers and patients. We used a content analysis approach to analyze qualitative data and integrated quantitative and qualitative findings in a joint display.

Findings
During March-August, 2019, 218 clients at the hospital and 292 clients at the health center reported tuberculosis symptoms. The full diagnostic testing process was completed for 66% of clients at the hospital and 68% at the health center. Among clients who initiated tuberculosis treatment, 68% (61/90) at the hospital and 74% (32/43) at the health center completed treatment. The main barriers to testing and treatment completion were challenges at sample collection, lack of decentralized diagnostic services, and socioeconomic factors such as food insecurity and high patient movement to search for jobs.

Conclusions
Tuberculosis diagnosis could be improved through the effective decentralization of laboratory services at the health facility level, and treatment completion could be improved by providing food and other forms of social support to patients.
Automated identification and mapping of geological folds in cross sections
Authors: Huang Jian-Chu , Li An-Bo , Wang Xin , Shao Chang-Zheng , Shen Yan-Gen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cross sections carry information on the spatial distribution of rock strata and the development of geological structures, and it is an important data source for three-dimensional (3D) geological modeling. However, the interpretation and mapping of geological structures in sections by means of manual interpretation are inefficient and costly, and the performance varies greatly with the experts’ ability and experience. The objective of this article is to develop an automatic recognition and mapping method for folds in cross sections. This method mainly includes identifying folds based on stratigraphic sequence characteristics (symmetrical and repetitive), classifying fold types based on geometric attributes of folds (interval scheduling, strike, and section morphology), optimizing strata based on the superposition principle and area conservation principle, and constructing the polygon features of folds. Based on experiments in the Parallel Fold Belt of Eastern Sichuan and the central Appalachian fold-thrust belt in the Appalachian Mountains, the method presented in this article can effectively be used for automatic recognition and high-quality mapping of folds in the cross sections. The method provides a good source of geological cross-sectional data for the 3D modeling of geologic bodies.
The crystal structure of 1-ethyl-2-nitro-imidazole oxide, C5H7N3O3
Authors: Jun Yuan , Bingheng Wu , Yong Wang , Jianlong Wang , Duanlin Cao , Lizhen Chen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
C5H7N3O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.7821(7) Å, b = 7.1320(5) Å, c = 11.6293(10) Å, β =

104.718

(
3
)

∘

$104.718{(3)}^{\circ }$

, V = 704.49(10) Å3, Z = 4,

R

g
t

${R}_{gt}$

(F) = 0.0468,

w

R

r
e
f

$w{R}_{ref}$

(F
2) = 0.1125, T = 170.0 K.
Tb2Co(B2O5)2 and Tb2Cu(B2O5)2 – two new borates with gadolinite-type structures
Authors: Teichtmeister Tobias A. , Hladik Michael M. , Heymann Gunter , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Using high-pressure/high-temperature synthesis methods, it was possible to increase the number of known borates with a crystal structure derived from gadolinite. Syntheses of Tb2Co(B2O5)2 (8 GPa, 1000 °C) and Tb2Cu(B2O5)2 (11 GPa, 650 °C) were carried out in a Walker-type multianvil device. The crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods and Rietveld refinements of the powder patterns. The new compounds were further characterized by their infrared spectra. The lanthanoid cobalt and copper borates Tb2Co(B2O5)2 and Tb2Cu(B2O5)2 crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c (no. 14) with the unit cell parameters a = 4.5630(1), b = 7.2991(2), c = 9.4161(2) Å, and β = 91.14(1)° for the cobalt and a = 4.5757(1), b = 7.3078(2), c = 9.3771(3) Å, β = 90.73(1)° for the copper compound.
Deviance Distraction and Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in the Somatosensory Cortex Reduce with Experience
Authors: Ghasemi Nejad Newsha , English Gwendolyn , Apostolelli Athina , Kopp Nicolas , Yanik Mehmet Fatih , von der Behrens Wolfger 
Published: May 2023

Automatic detection of a surprising change in the sensory input is a central element of exogenous attentional control. Stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA) is a potential neuronal mechanism detecting such changes and has been robustly described across sensory modalities and different instances of the ascending sensory pathways. However, little is known about the relationship of SSA to perception. To assess how deviating stimuli influence target signal detection, we used a behavioral cross-modal paradigm in mice and combined it with extracellular recordings from the primary somatosensory whisker cortex. In this paradigm, male mice performed a visual detection task while task-irrelevant whisker stimuli were either presented as repetitive “standard” or as rare deviant stimuli. We found a deviance distraction effect on the animals' performance: Faster reaction times but worsened target detection was observed in the presence of a deviant stimulus. Multiunit activity and local field potentials exhibited enhanced neuronal responses to deviant compared with standard whisker stimuli across all cortical layers, as a result of SSA. The deviant-triggered behavioral distraction correlated with these enhanced neuronal deviant responses only in the deeper cortical layers. However, the layer-specific effect of SSA on perception reduced with increasing task experience as a result of statistical distractor learning. These results demonstrate a layer-specific involvement of SSA on perception that is susceptible to modulation over time.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDetecting sudden changes in our immediate environment is behaviorally relevant and important for efficient perceptual processing. However, the connection between the underpinnings of cortical deviance detection and perception remains unknown. Here, we investigate how the cortical representation of deviant whisker stimuli impacts visual target detection by recording local field potential and multiunit activity in the primary somatosensory cortex of mice engaged in a cross-modal visual detection task. We find that deviant whisker stimuli distract animals in their task performance, which correlates with enhanced neuronal responses for deviants in a layer-specific manner. Interestingly, this effect reduces with the increased experience of the animal as a result of distractor learning on statistical regularities.
Інформаційно-аналітичне забезпечення державних механізмів запобігання та врегулювання міжнаціональних конфліктів
Authors: Запорожець Тетяна , Савченко Наталія 
Published: May 2023

Мета дослідження полягає у визначенні основних аспектів і напрямів інформаційно-аналітичного забезпечення державних механізмів запобігання та врегулювання міжнаціональних конфліктів. Окреслено наукові підходи до проблеми прогнозування міжнаціональних конфліктів на основі аналітики та інформаційних даних. Обґрунтовано історичні основи розвитку державної політики управління суспільними процесами, пошуку і застосування ефективних методів запобігання кризам та конфліктам такого характеру. Доведено, що ефективність функціонування державних механізмів запобігання та врегулювання міжнаціональних конфліктів безпосередньо залежить від сукупності взаємодіючих інформаційних підсистем, розроблених єдиних підходів і методології прийняття управлінських рішень з досліджуваних питань. Встановлено, що система інформаційного та аналітичного забезпечення повинна враховувати неоднорідність процесу прийняття управлінських рішень та специфіку роботи посадових осіб на різних етапах їх прийняття. У зв’язку із цим запропоновано низку взаємодіючих підсистем з відповідними функціями та характеристиками, як-то: “інформаційно-комунікаційне середовище”, “моніторинг проблемних ситуацій”, “інформаційно-документальне обслуговування”, “ситуаційний і системний аналіз”, “підтримка процесів підготовки та прийняття управлінських рішень”, “забезпечення необхідного рівня кінцевих показників діяльності”. Доведено, що запобігання виникненню міжнаціональних конфліктів, а в ідеалі – усунення ймовірних негативних явищ на етнонаціональному ґрунті є одним з нагальних державотворчих завдань. Його вирішення вимагає копіткого вивчення та аналізу етнонаціональної ситуації в регіонах, теоретичного обґрунтування дій органів державної влади у цій сфері, вироблення концептуальних підходів, інформаційно-аналітичного супроводу прийняття державно-управлінських рішень, інноваційних технологій регулятивного впливу держави на процеси етноконфліктного характеру.
Цифрові платформи Smart Specialisation Platform та Espon: структура та можливості для регіонів і громад ЄС
Authors: Маматова Тетяна , Чикаренко Ірина , Бородін Євгеній 
Published: May 2023

Мета – вивчити структуру цифрових платформ Smart Specialisation Platform (S3P) та ESPON, а також можливості, які ними пропонуються для регіонів і громад ЄС, задля окреслення напрямів подальших наукових прикладних досліджень та розроблення обов’язкових та вибіркових освітніх компонент освітньо-професійних програм галузі знань 28 «Публічне управління та адміністрування».
Актуальність. Смарт-спеціалізація розглядається як один із методологічних інструментів наближення якості стратегічного планування до стандартів ЄС та збільшення спроможності регіонів України отримувати доступ до фінансування програм і проєктів розвитку через залучення коштів структурних фондів ЄС. Набуття Україною у 2022 році статусу країни-кандидата до вступу до ЄС зумовлює виникнення нових можливостей і викликів у цій сфері, які потребують науково-обґрунтованого розв’язання, а також розвинення у практиків місцевого самоврядування специфічних складових професійної компетентності, зокрема навичок смарт-спеціалізації.
Результати. Вивчення тематичної структури S3P дозволяє схарактеризувати її як потужний портал управління знаннями у сфері регіональної смарт-спеціалізації, який надає доступ до оглядів успішних практик, створює основу для розбудови партнерств, пропонує різноманітні аналітичні інструменти. Будь які області України за умов належної комунікації із модераторами платформи і підготовки пакету документів можуть приєднатися до S3P. Цифрова платформа ESPON надає, зокрема, можливість: проведення досліджень із територіальним фокусуванням з метою адаптації до специфіки та потреб мешканців і територій; громадянам/політикам зрозуміти, як їхня громада чи територія працює у порівнянні з іншими європейськими регіонами; отримати актуальну інформацію та аналітику на теми, які є пріоритетними на європейському порядку денному.
Висновки. Актуалізується завдання підготовки висококваліфікованих та вмотивованих фахівців з розвиненими навичками смарт-спеціалізації, здатних розробляти та впроваджувати регіональні стратегії смарт-спеціалізації та стратегій розвитку територіальних громад на основі вивчення провідного досвіду та кращих ЄС із використанням потенціалу платформ S3P та ESPON.
Composição química e atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial dos frutos da Pimenta dioica
Authors: Barros Gomes Paulo Roberto , Diniz Ribeiro Joelkson , Guimarães da Costa Myrcéia Carolyne , Da Silva Castro Marcelo Werneck , Buzar Neto Nagib , Vasconcelos Melo Andréa , Oliveira Everton Gustavo , Costa Louzeiro Hilton , Fontenele Maria Alves , Souza de Lima Helson , Fonseca Silva Eduardo , de Paula Maria do Livramento , Mouchrek Filho Victor Elias , Nascimento Mouchrek Adenilde 
Published: May 2023

Neste estudo descrevemos a extração, composição química e a atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial extraído dos frutos da Pimenta dioica. Para isso, extraímos o óleo por hidrodestilação; identificamos os compostos por cromatografia gasosa acoplada ao espectrômetro de massa (CG/EM); quantificamos o componente majoritário por espectrometria UV vis e voltametria; e determinamos a atividade antibacteriana contra Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Serratia odorifera pelo método de difusão em disco. Os resultados mostraram que o óleo é composto em sua maioria por eugenol e sua quantidade está em, aproximadamente, 78,15%, cuja classe predominante foi a dos monoterpenos. Além disso, as bactérias testadas com o óleo essencial apresentaram halos de inibição, variando de 11 a 21 mm. Portanto, o óleo é um potencial agente antibacteriano.
EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA E DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Silva Clemildo Anacleto da 
Published: May 2023

Este texto tem como propósito apresentar o programa de extensão da Rede Metodista – denominado Educação, Direitos Humanos e Cidadania – a datar da nova política de extensão universitária, contida na Resolução nº 7, de 18 de dezembro de 2018. Nesse sentido, o artigo preocupa-se em mostrar os principais itens a serem considerados na elaboração dos projetos de extensão. Para tanto, aborda o conceito de direitos humanos, evidencia os principais tópicos das diretrizes nacionais para educação em direitos humanos e indica como um projeto de extensão universitária deve ser elaborado, a partir do programa de extensão: educação, direitos humanos e cidadania.
Asociaciones entre la exposición a medios electrónicos y comunicación durante la infancia temprana.
Authors: Gago Galvagno Lucas G. , Azzollini Susana C. , Elgier Ángel M. 
Published: May 2023

Propósito: evaluar la cantidad de uso promedio que los infantes realizan de los medios electrónicos, y observar cómo se asocian con la comunicación infantil temprana a través de una revisión integrativa de los últimos 10 años (2010-2020). Tema: el uso de pantallas durante la infancia temprana y sus asociaciones con habilidades de comunicación verbales y preverbales. Desarrollo: la comunicación verbal y no verbal en los primeros años son habilidades fundamentales, ya que predicen el desarrollo posterior de otras habilidades cognitivas y del rendimiento académico. Siendo que la exposición a dispositivos tecnológicos ha aumentado en los últimos años, tanto en adultos como en la infancia temprana, se vuelve importante revisar estudios sobre esta temática. Se encontraron 15 estudios que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. En los primeros tres años de vida, en promedio el uso de dispositivos tecnológicos fue de 1 a 3 horas diarias, y los mismos se asociaron de forma negativa con el desarrollo de la comunicación. Sin embargo, es necesario tener en cuenta si la actividad está acompañada por un adulto, el nivel educativo, y el tipo de contenido que se consume. Conclusiones: es necesario realizar más investigaciones en el contexto latinoamericano, teniendo en cuenta la diversidad de dispositivos electrónicos y contenidos con los que contamos en la actualidad.
Relationship between body composition and anthropometric measures for cardiovascular disease risk assessment in persons with spinal cord injury
Authors: Flank Peter , Chlaidze Giorgi , Norström Fredrik , Ramnemark Anna , Fahlström Martin , Wahman Kerstin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Study design: A descriptive, cross-sectional study.
Background: The longevity of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) has improved over the past decades. Consequently, many age-related disorders occur prematurely and at a higher prevalence in the SCI population than in the general population, such as cardiovascular disease.
Setting: University Hospital in Umeå, Sweden
Objective: To examine the relationship between abdominal fat mass and total body fat mass measured with Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with anthropometrics measures in a heterogeneous group of SCI in northern Sweden. Also, to examine the relationship between risk markers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) with abdominal fat mass measured with DXA.
Method: The study was conducted with 78 patients with SCI, at different injury and functional level. Data from anthropometric and DXA measurements and a blood lipid panel were analyzed.
Results: There is a positive correlation, ranging from 0.54 to 0.66, between DXA measurements and anthropometric measures. Regarding dyslipidemia as a risk marker, there was statistically higher values of total body fat mass and abdominal fat mass in the group of participants with the condition (36.0–42.2%) compared with others without the risk marker (26.3–30.6%).
Conclusion: In the light of the fact that there is a high CVD-risk in the SCI-population there is a need for cheap and easy to use measurement as predictors for this risk. Based on these results, although DXA still provides more reliable data and information, this study provides support for using the anthropometric measures BMI (SCI-specific cut-points), WC and SAH in clinical settings as a proxy for increased abdominal and total body fat.
A brief review on models for birds exposed to chemicals
Authors: lamonica dominique , Charvy Lison , Kuo Dave , Fritsch Clémentine , Coeurdassier Michaël , Berny Philippe , Charles Sandrine 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

“A Who’s Who of pesticides is therefore of concern to us all. If we are going to live so intimately with these chemicals eating and drinking them, taking them into the very marrow of our bones - we had better know something about their nature and their power.” — Rachel Carson, Silent Spring.
In her day, Rachel Carson was right: plant protection products (PPP) like all the other chemical substances that humans increasingly release into the environment without further precaution, are among our worst enemies today (Bruhl and Zaller, 2019; Naidu et al, 2021; Tang et al, 2021; Topping et al, 2020). All compartments of the biosphere, air, soil and water, are potential reservoirs within which all species that live there are impaired. Birds are particularly concerned: PPP are recognized as a factor in the decline of their abundance and diversity predominantly in agricultural landscapes. Due to the restrictions on vertebrates testing, in silico based approaches are an ideal choice alternative given input data are available. This is where the problem lies as we will illustrate in this paper. We performed an extensive literature search covering a long period of time, a wide diversity of bird species, a large range of chemical substances and as many model types as possible to encompass all our future need to improve environmental risk assessment of chemicals for birds. In the end, we show that poultry species exposed to pesticides are the most studied at the individual level with physiologically based toxicokinetic models. To go beyond, with more species, more chemical types, over several levels of biological organization, we show that observed data are crucially missing (Gilbert, 2011). As a consequence, improving existing models or developing new ones could be like climbing Everest if no additional data can be gathered, especially on chemical effects and toxicodynamic aspects.
Early Elevated IFNα Identified as the Key Mediator of HIV Pathogenesis and its low level a Hallmark of Elite Controllers
Authors: Gallo Robert , Buanec Hélène , Schiavon Valérie , Mérandet Marine , Howkit Alexandre , Bergerat David , C Fombellida Lopez , Bensussan Armand , Bouaziz Jean-David , Burny Arsène , Darcis Gilles , SONG HONGSHUO , Sajadi Mohammad , Kottilil Shyamasundaran , Zagury Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Advances in HIV therapy came from understanding its replication. Further progress toward “functional cure” - no therapy needed as found in Elite Controllers (EC) - may come from insights in pathogenesis and avoidance by EC. Here we show that all immune cells from HIV infected persons are impaired in non-EC, but not in EC. Since HIV infects few cell types, these results suggest an additional mediator of pathogenesis. We identify that mediator as elevated pathogenic IFNα, controlled by EC likely by their preserved potent NK-cells and later by other killer cells. Since the earliest days of infection predict outcome genetic or chance events must be key to EC, and since we found no unique immune parameter at the onset, we suggest a chance infection with a lower HIV inoculum. These results offer an additional approach toward functional cure: a judicious targeting of IFNα for all non-EC patients