bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of chicken tender pops by utilizing pomegranate peel powder
Authors: Basharat Zunaira , Imran Maryam , Fatima Naeem , Sajid Muhammad Wasim , Tariq Muhammad Rizwan , Ali Shinawar Waseem , Umer Zujaja , Safdar Waseem , Garti Humphrey 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPomegranate peel powder (PPP) is a rich source of many bioactive components particularly polyphenols that are interlinked to various technological and functional properties. In the present study, chicken tender pops were developed with incorporation of PPP, and its effect on quality attributes and storage stability of the product were evaluated. The treatments were formulated using 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% PPP in replacement of chicken. The physicochemical properties, texture profile, instrumental color, sensory attributes, and storage stability were assessed for 21 days at refrigeration temperature, at a regular interval of 7 days. The results indicated that the inclusion of PPP significantly (p < .05) increased the dietary fiber from 0.25% in T0 to 1.45% in T3 at Day 0 and WHC 43.60% ± 0.02 in T0 to 49.36% ± 0.02 in T3 at Day 0, whereas the moisture content significantly reduced from 60.05% ± 0.03 in T0 to 55.08% ± 0.01 in T3 at the start of the study. In addition, the values of TBARS were significantly (p < .05) reduced for treated samples 0.72 mg MDA/Kg in T3 as compared to control 1.17 mg MDA/Kg on the 21st day of storage, whereas a significant increase (p < .05) in TPC from 0.90 mg GAE/g to 3.87 mg GAE/g in T0 to T3 was observed at the start of the study. For TPA, a significant (p < .05) increase was noticed in hardness, chewiness, and gumminess, whereas cohesiveness and springiness showed a non‐significant (p > .05) change in treated samples in relation to control, and the instrumental color (L* and a*) decreased significantly. However, pH, crude fiber, fat, ash, and protein content showed non‐significant (p > .05) variations over time. The sensory evaluation suggested that chicken tender pops supplemented with 6% PPP (T2) presented high overall acceptability and balanced organoleptic properties. Hence, it can be concluded that PPP can be effectively utilized as a natural fiber source, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agent in novel functional foods.
Spillover effect of the Patient Drive Payment Model on skilled nursing facility therapy delivery among Medicare Advantage enrollees
Authors: Rahman Momotazur , Meyers David , White Elizabeth M. , McGarry Brian E. , Santostefano Christopher , Resnik Linda , Grabowski David C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn a multi‐payer health care system, economic theory suggests that different payers can impose spillover effects on one another. This study aimed to evaluate the spillover effect of the Patient Driven Payment Model (PDPM) on Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollees, despite it being designed for Traditional Medicare (TM) beneficiaries. We applied a regression discontinuity approach by comparing therapy utilization before and after the implementation of PDPM in October 2019 focusing on patients newly admitted to skilled nursing facilities. The results showed that both TM and MA enrollees experienced a decrease in individual therapy minutes and an increase in non‐individual therapy minutes. The estimated reduction in total therapy use was 9 min per day for TM enrollees and 3 min per day for MA enrollees. The effect of PDPM on MA beneficiaries varied depending on the level of MA penetration, with the smallest effect in facilities with the highest MA penetration quartile. In summary, the PDPM had directionally similar effects on therapy utilization for both TM and MA enrollees, but the magnitudes were smaller for MA beneficiaries. These results suggest that policy changes intended for TM beneficiaries may spillover to MA enrollees and should be assessed accordingly.
Challenges and barriers faced by older adults to access legislative e‐participation platforms in Brazil
Authors: Junqueira Luiza , Freire André P. , Grützmann André , Zitkus Emilene 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the steady increase of the aging population in Brazil, older adults demand government services and actions more than ever. The present exploratory study analyzed the challenges and barriers faced by older adults when accessing legislative e‐participation platforms, considering whether the challenges would interfere with these citizens' empowerment. The study employed qualitative evaluations with 20 participants over 60 years old on the e‐Cidadania and e‐Democracia platforms. It involved responding to a questionnaire, using the platform—while usability tests and observation were conducted—and a post‐test interview. The results showed that, in general, the participants were interested in contributing to the e‐participation platforms and considered that these systems provide representativeness to them. However, the negative aspects of the design contribute to skepticism among older adults, which can demotivate them to use the resources. The results highlight how the interface features reinforce participants' distrust in the government and distrust in the e‐participation process as soon as they realize the information and language are complicated and the resource is difficult to use. They stressed that a more accessible language and a simplified organization of web pages could facilitate the use and boost older people's engagement with these platforms. The results provide reflections on the design of e‐participation systems and processes to promote real political participation of older adults in society. Although the study is not representative of the Brazilian older adult population, the qualitative findings and recommendations were delivered to the Accessibility commission of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies and have been used for guidance and improvements in the platforms.
Impact of erosion and aging simulation on chairside materials
Authors: Mourouzis Petros , Tsiveli Aikaterini , Tsetseli Petroula , Gogos Christos , Tolidis Kosmas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of acid exposure and thermocycling simulating erosion tooth wear, on the optical properties and surface roughness of chairside materials. Resin‐ceramic, lithium disilicate, premium zirconium oxide and resin composite material comprise the materials tested. To simulate the dental erosion and aging, specimens from each material were immersed in hydrochloric acid, while the thermocycling procedure included 10,000 cycles. The translucency, the color differences and the surface roughness were calculated. The materials phase composition was tested using X‐ray diffraction analysis to evaluate T‐M phase transformation. The CIEDE2000 color difference and the translucency parameter were tested different significantly among groups. Data were statistically analyzed via independent samples t‐test, and paired samples t‐test. The thermocycling procedure and the exposure to the acid solution had different effect on the surface roughness of CAD/CAM materials. The present result demonstrated the negative effect the acid exposure has on the zirconia material in terms of color difference. However, no color differences over the threshold of acceptability were recorded after the thermocycling procedure. Both polymer materials exhibit an increase of the surface roughness when they were immersed in acid but they did not display an increase in roughness when they were thermocycled.
Deep Learning Detection and Segmentation of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation on Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Authors: Hong Jia‐Sheng , You Weir‐Chiang , Sun Ming‐Hsi , Pan Hung‐Chuan , Lin Yi‐Hui , Lu Yung‐Fa , Chen Kuan‐Ming , Huang Tzu‐Hsuan , Lee Wei‐Kai , Wu Yu‐Te 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe delineation of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) is crucial for subsequent treatment planning. Manual segmentation is time‐consuming and labor‐intensive. Applying deep learning to automatically detect and segment bAVM might help to improve clinical practice efficiency.PurposeTo develop an approach for detecting bAVM and segmenting its nidus on Time‐of‐flight magnetic resonance angiography using deep learning methods.Study TypeRetrospective.Subjects221 bAVM patients aged 7–79 underwent radiosurgery from 2003 to 2020. They were split into 177 training, 22 validation, and 22 test data.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T, Time‐of‐flight magnetic resonance angiography based on 3D gradient echo.AssessmentThe YOLOv5 and YOLOv8 algorithms were utilized to detect bAVM lesions and the U‐Net and U‐Net++ models to segment the nidus from the bounding boxes. The mean average precision, F1, precision, and recall were used to assess the model performance on the bAVM detection. To evaluate the model's performance on nidus segmentation, the Dice coefficient and balanced average Hausdorff distance (rbAHD) were employed.Statistical TestsThe Student's t‐test was used to test the cross‐validation results (P < 0.05). The Wilcoxon rank test was applied to compare the median for the reference values and the model inference results (P < 0.05).ResultsThe detection results demonstrated that the model with pretraining and augmentation performed optimally. The U‐Net++ with random dilation mechanism resulted in higher Dice and lower rbAHD, compared to that without that mechanism, across varying dilated bounding box conditions (P < 0.05). When combining detection and segmentation, the Dice and rbAHD were statistically different from the references calculated using the detected bounding boxes (P < 0.05). For the detected lesions in the test dataset, it showed the highest Dice of 0.82 and the lowest rbAHD of 5.3%.Data ConclusionThis study showed that pretraining and data augmentation improved YOLO detection performance. Properly limiting lesion ranges allows for adequate bAVM segmentation.Level of Evidence4Technical Efficacy Stage1
Preparedness to assume professional roles: experiences of recently qualified radiographers: A qualitative study
Authors: Kasita Rauna Etuhole Ndahambelela , Daniels Edwin Ralph , Karera Abel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionRecently qualified health workers including radiographers struggle with workplace integration. Similarly, in our local context, undocumented complaints were received from the various heads of departments and radiologists regarding recently qualified radiographers' ability to fully assume their professional roles. In light of the complaints, this study sought to explore and describe the lived experiences of recently qualified radiographers from one local University on their readiness to assume their professional roles.MethodsA qualitative, descriptive research design with a phenomenological approach was used to conduct the study. Ten (10) diagnostic radiographers who graduated between 2018 and 2020 from the local university were sampled using the snowball sampling technique. Telephonic interviews were conducted using a semi‐structured interview guide. Data were analysed using Tesch's open coding method.ResultsThe findings of this study have shown a combination of positive and negative experiences by recently qualified radiographers. The positive experiences (satisfactory work engagement) emanate from increased confidence and creativity, responsibility consciousness and teamwork. Negative experiences (reality shock and professional role conflict) emanated from excessive workload, patient care impediments, the burden of student supervision and lack of professional trust.ConclusionThough the recently qualified radiographers from our local University experienced some contextual challenges upon assuming their professional roles, they appeared well‐prepared for their clinical roles. Standardised induction and mentorship programmes should be implemented to facilitate the transition process from student to qualified radiographer.
Artificial neural network based prediction of the lung tissue involvement as an independent in‐hospital mortality and mechanical ventilation risk factor in COVID‐19
Authors: Parczewski Miłosz , Kufel Jakub , Aksak‐Wąs Bogusz , Piwnik Joanna , Chober Daniel , Puzio Tomasz , Lesiewska Laura , Białkowski Sebastian , Rafalska‐Kosior Milena , Wydra Jacek , Awgul Krystian , Grobelna Milena , Majchrzak Adam , Dunikowski Kosma , Jurczyk Krzysztof , Podyma Marek , Serwin Karol , Musiałek Jakub 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionDuring COVID‐19 pandemic, artificial neural network (ANN) systems have been providing aid for clinical decisions. However, to achieve optimal results, these models should link multiple clinical data points to simple models. This study aimed to model the in‐hospital mortality and mechanical ventilation risk using a two step approach combining clinical variables and ANN‐analyzed lung inflammation data.MethodsA data set of 4317 COVID‐19 hospitalized patients, including 266 patients requiring mechanical ventilation, was analyzed. Demographic and clinical data (including the length of hospital stay and mortality) and chest computed tomography (CT) data were collected. Lung involvement was analyzed using a trained ANN. The combined data were then analyzed using unadjusted and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsOverall in‐hospital mortality associated with ANN‐assigned percentage of the lung involvement (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.4–7.43, p < 0.001 for the patients with >50% of lung tissue affected by COVID‐19 pneumonia), age category (HR: 5.34, 95% CI: 3.32–8.59 for cases >80 years, p < 0.001), procalcitonin (HR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.59–2.76, p < 0.001, C‐reactive protein level (CRP) (HR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.25–3.56, p = 0.004), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (HR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.37–2.42, p < 0.001) and troponin (HR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.69–2.72, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the risk of mechanical ventilation is also associated with ANN‐based percentage of lung inflammation (HR: 13.2, 95% CI: 8.65–20.4, p < 0.001 for patients with >50% involvement), age, procalcitonin (HR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.14–3.2, p = 0.14, eGFR (HR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.2–2.74, p = 0.004) and clinical variables, including diabetes (HR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.91–3.27, p < 0.001), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (HR: 3.16, 95% CI: 2.38–4.2, p < 0.001) and chronic pulmonary disease (HR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.44–3.7, p < 0.001).ConclusionsANN‐based lung tissue involvement is the strongest predictor of unfavorable outcomes in COVID‐19 and represents a valuable support tool for clinical decisions.
Detection of JCV or BKV viruria and viremia after kidney transplantation is not associated with unfavorable outcomes
Authors: Querido Sara , Weigert André , Pinto Iola , Papoila Ana Luísa , Pessanha Maria Ana , Gomes Perpétua , Adragão Teresa , Paixão Paulo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudies analyzing the relationship between BK polyomavirus (BKV) or JC polyomavirus (JCV) infection and kidney transplant (KT) long term clinical outcomes are scarce. Therefore, we evaluated this relationship in a single‐center retrospective cohort of 288 KT patients followed for 45.4(27.5; 62.5) months. Detection of BKV viremia in two consecutive analyses led to discontinuation of antimetabolite and initiation of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor. Outcome data included de novo BKV and/or JCV viremia and/or viruria after KT, death‐censored graft survival and patient survival. BKV viruria and viremia were detected in 42.4% and 22.2% of KT recipients, respectively. BKV viremic patients had higher urinary BKV viral loads at the onset of viruria, when compared to nonviremic patients (7 log10 vs. 4.9 log10 cp/mL, p < 0.001). JCV viruria was identified in 38.5% of KT patients; the 5.9% of KT recipients who developed JCV viremia had higher JCV urinary viral loads at the onset of viruria, when compared to non‐viremic patients (5.3 vs. 3.7 log10 cp/mL, p = 0.034). No differences were found in estimated glomerular filtration rate at the end of follow up, when comparing BKV or JCV viruric or viremic patients with nonviremic patients. No association was found between JCV or BKV viruria or viremia and death/graft failure. Therefore, higher BKV urinary viral loads at the onset could serve as an early maker of over immunosuppression. JCV and BKV replication was not associated with inferior clinical outcomes in KT patients with the above‐mentioned immunosuppression strategy.
Advanced ANN model for DoA estimation in smart textile wearable antenna array subsystem
Authors: Stanković Zoran , Pronić‐Rančić Olivera , Dončov Nebojša 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArtificial neural networks‐based module for fast direction‐of‐arrival (DoA) estimation of the signal received by multi‐element textile wearable antenna array (TWAA) is proposed in this paper. The developed multilayer perceptron (MLP) DoA module considers the effects of changing the gain of the antenna elements, the distance between the antenna elements and their resonant frequencies during the movement of the TWAA wearer and the crumpling of the textile. The inputs of the MLP DoA module are the elements of the spatial correlation matrix of the signal sampled by the TWAA and the output is the angular position of the signal source in the azimuthal plane. The influence of the number of TWAA elements on the accuracy of the MLP DoA module in DoA estimation under textile crumple conditions is investigated. The performances of the MLP DoA module under increased noise conditions are investigated, as well as its behavior under different degrees of textile crumpling. A comparison was made between the proposed module and the corresponding root MUSIC DoA module in terms of accuracy and speed of DoA estimation.
A human meniscus explant model for studying early events in osteoarthritis development by proteomics
Authors: Rydén Martin , Lindblom Karin , Yifter‐Lindgren Aida , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Aspberg Anders , Tillgren Viveka , Englund Martin , Önnerfjord Patrik 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDegenerative meniscus lesions have been associated with both osteoarthritis etiology and its progression. We, therefore, sought to establish a human meniscus ex vivo model to study the meniscal response to cytokine treatment using a proteomics approach. Lateral menisci were obtained from five knee‐healthy donors. The meniscal body was cut into vertical slices and further divided into an inner (avascular) and outer region. Explants were either left untreated (controls) or stimulated with cytokines. Medium changes were conducted every 3 days up to Day 21 and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was performed at all the time points for the identification and quantification of proteins. Mixed‐effect linear regression models were used for statistical analysis to estimate the effect of treatments versus control on protein abundance. Treatment by IL1ß increased release of cytokines such as interleukins, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases but a limited catabolic effect in healthy human menisci explants. Further, we observed an increased release of matrix proteins (collagens, integrins, prolargin, tenascin) in response to oncostatin M (OSM) + tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF+interleukin‐6 (IL6) + sIL6R treatments, and analysis of semitryptic peptides provided additional evidence of increased catabolic effects in response to these treatments. The induced activation of catabolic processes may play a role in osteoarthritis development.
Changes in bioactive compounds present in beef burgers formulated with walnut oil gelled emulsion as a fat substitute during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Lucas‐Gonzalez Raquel , Sayas‐Barberá Estrella , Lorenzo José Manuel , Pérez‐Álvarez José Ángel , Fernández‐López Juana , Viuda‐Martos Manuel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe partial or total substitution of animal fat by a gelled emulsion elaborated with cocoa bean shell and walnut oil in beef burgers was assessed in terms of the stability of the bioactive compounds (polyphenolic and methylxanthines compounds, and fatty acid profile), bioaccessibility, colon‐available indices (CAIs), and lipid oxidation after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (GID).RESULTSNo free polyphenolic compounds were detected in the soluble fraction after the GID of reformulated beef burgers. Reductions were obtained in the bound fraction with respect to the undigested sample from 47.57 to 53.12% for protocatechuic acid, from 60.26 to 78.01% for catechin, and from 38.37 to 60.95% for epicatechin. The methylxanthine content decreased significantly after GID. The theobromine content fell by between 48.41 and 68.61% and the caffeine content was reduced by between 96.47 and 97.95%. The fatty acid profile of undigested samples was very similar to that of digested samples. In the control burger the predominant fatty acids were oleic acid (453.27 mg g−1) and palmitic acid (242.20 mg g−1), whereas in reformulated burgers a high content of linoleic acid (304.58 and 413.35 mg g−1) and α‐linolenic acid (52.44 and 82.35 mg g−1) was found. As expected, both undigested and digested reformulated samples presented a higher degree of oxidation than the control sample.CONCLUSIONSThe reformulated beef burgers with cocoa bean shells flour and walnut oil were a good source of bioactive compounds, which were stable after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Intergenerational transmission of trauma: A biological perspective
Authors: Jovanovic Tanja , Roberts Andrea , Huels Anke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis commentary is based on an invited panel for the 2022 International Society of Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) annual meeting entitled “Perspective Discourses On…Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma: A Biological Perspective.” This was a new format introduced by ISTSS to facilitate discussion around timely topics. This session included scholars from different backgrounds (e.g., epidemiology, neuroscience, environmental health) who shared their approaches to understanding the biological bases of the intergenerational transmission of trauma. Specifically, the panel presented information about putative direct and indirect mechanisms of transmission, including epigenetic and environmental factors, and pointed to behavioral and neurobiological outcomes in offspring. This commentary synthesizes some of the current knowledge gained by these different approaches and identifies key areas to advance in future work.
Mxene‐Based Supramolecular Composite Hydrogels for Antioxidant and Photothermal Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Riaz Zakia , Baddi Sravan , Gao Fengli , Feng Chuan‐Liang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBacterial infections and oxidative damage caused by various reactive oxygen species (ROS) pose a significant threat to human health. It is highly desirable to find an ideal biomaterial system with broad spectrum antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities. A new supramolecular antibacterial and antioxidant composite hydrogel made of chiral L‐phenylalanine‐derivative (LPFEG) as matrix and Mxene (Ti3C2Tx) as filler material is presented. The noncovalent interactions (H‐bonding and π–π interactions) in between LPFEG and Mxene and the inversion of LPFEG chirality are verified by Fourier transform infrared and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The composite hydrogels show improved mechanical properties revealed by rheological analysis. The composite hydrogel system exhibits photothermal conversion efficiency (40.79%), which enables effective photothermal broad‐spectrum antibacterial activities against both Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. Furthermore, the Mxene also enables the composite hydrogel to exhibit excellent antioxidant activity by efficiently scavenging free radicals like DPPH•, ABTS•+, and •OH. These results indicate that the Mxene‐based chiral supramolecular composite hydrogel, with improved rheological, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties has a great potential for biomedical applications.