bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Our living handcraft meerschaum craftsmanship for the future
Authors: Ertürk Nilay , Varol Esra 
Published: January 2023

Meerschaum, which is an organic stone, has the appearance of soil or clay. It is white or similar to white in color. Meerschaum, which is a gemstone has absorbing characteristics, its color changes when exposed to open air, it is soft and easy to work magnesium silicate stone. New Works with high use and aesthetic values are produced from meerschaum, which is a completely unique material with its soft and sensitive structure as well as smoking material. Some of them are jewellery and accessories. The aim of this research is to introduce different meerschaum products in terms of aesthetic and use such as jewellery and accessories and to contribute to the development and introduction of this art. One of the places most suitable to mining and is determined as Eskisehir. Therefore, research sample is comprised of Eskisehir, meerschaum masters continuing to work in Eskisehir and their Works.Â Research is qualitative in terms of problem, data collection and analysis methods. Method of interview is used in collecting research data and Works are analyzed by being photographed.Keywords: Meerschaum, handcraft, accessories, jewellery
Exploring students’ perspectives on the implementation of self-organized learning via mobile apps
Authors: Almalki Shatha 
Published: January 2023

The aim of this qualitative action research is to explore Saudi Arabian undergraduate students’ perspectives on the implications of a self-organized learning environment (SOLE) using mobile phones. Data were gathered from interviews and focus groups with a convenience sample of 27 undergraduate students as well as the researcher’s reflective journals. It was found that the proposed intervention gave students opportunities for engagement and enhanced a spirit of cooperation, which led to the students enjoying their classes. Furthermore, SOLE encouraged the students to evaluate their ideas before posting them. Participating in SOLE helped the students understand and recall the relevant course content. However, a number of challenging aspects - such as misleading information - emerged during the first phase of the study, along with some technical issues. In general, within the current educational system in Saudi Arabia, the implementation of SOLE on its own as an innovative teaching approach would be insufficient; it could be combined with other approaches - such as deep discussions of relevant topics - to enhance its effectiveness.
Keywords: Self-organized learning environment (SOLE); Covid-19; undergraduate study; mobile learning
Cell morphology observations for discriminating between <i>Brettanomyces bruxellensis</i> strains among genetic groups
Authors: Rousseaux Sandrine , Lebleux Manon , Denimal Emmanuel , Weidmann Stéphanie 
Published: January 2023

It is essential to discriminate between B. bruxellensis isolates at the strain level, because stress resistance capacities are strain dependent and also related to the genetic groups (GG). In this work, we investigated further the correlation between genetic groups and cell polymorphism by analysing optical microscopy images via deep learning. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was trained to discriminate between 74 different B. bruxellensis isolates belonging to 4 of the 6 genetic groups described. Compared to the microsatellite analysis, the CNN enabled the prediction of the genetic groups of B. bruxellensis isolates with 96.6 % accuracy in a faster and cheaper way and with the same genetic group affiliations. Based on these very promising results, further research is needed to validate this technique for all genetic groups.
História e Cultura da Corrupção dos Agentes Públicos no Brasil: Uma Leitura Transversal das obras de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Raymundo Faoro e Darcy Ribeiro
Authors: Fróes Couto Felipe , De Pádua Carrieri Alexandre , Araújo Leal Camila , Leão Wanderley Maria Teresa 
Published: January 2023

Objetivo da Pesquisa: O objetivo deste ensaio é realizar uma leitura transversal das obras “Raízes do Brasil” (1995) de Sergio Buarque, “Os donos do poder” (2001) de Raymundo Faoro e “O povo Brasileiro” de Darcy Ribeiro (1995), analisando aspectos teóricos que tangenciem a construção histórica da corrupção dos agentes públicos no Brasil e suas implicações culturais.
Resultados: Holanda e Faoro apresentam como motivo da corrupção no Brasil o patrimonialismo, conforme a teoria weberiana. Noutro passo, Darcy Ribeiro apresenta como fundamento para essas práticas a relação entre as elites que, de forma conjunta, sempre trabalharam para manter seus privilégios, expiando o povo brasileiro.
Originalidade: Introduzimos ao leitor elementos históricos e culturais a respeito da formação política do país e a sua relação intrínseca com a corrupção, desafiando a tradição weberiana (patrimonialismo) e demonstrando as contradições existentes entre as versões da história propostas originariamente por Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e Raymundo Faoro e a narrativa dissidente construída por Darcy Ribeiro.
Contribuições Teóricas: Construímos uma narrativa crítica à tradição weberiana nos estudos nacionais sobre a corrupção. As contribuições propostas neste artigo têm implicações profundas em relação à cultura arraigada nos espaços organizacionais da Administração Pública. Os modos de gestão da coisa pública no país, historicamente, são pautados em três principais eixos que podem ser expandidos em futuras pesquisas: a) herança dos modos portugueses de governo, b) domínio das elites sobre o povo e c) alienação do povo em relação aos assuntos públicos.
Total Global Dominator Coloring of Trees and Unicyclic Graphs
Authors: K. P. Chithra , Mayamma Joseph 
Published: January 2023

A total global dominator coloring of a graph is a proper vertex coloring of with respect to which every vertex in dominates a color class, not containing and does not dominate another color class. The minimum number of colors required in such a coloring of is called the total global dominator chromatic number, denoted by . In this paper, the total global dominator chromatic number of trees and unicyclic graphs are explored.
A Developed Colorimetric Assay Using Unmodified Gold Nanoparticles for the Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Different Clinical Samples
Authors: Sehree Mohamed M. , Al-Kaysi Amani M. , Abdullah Hanaa N. 
Published: January 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii ) is considered a critical healthcare problem for patients in intensive care units due to its high ability to be multidrug-resistant to most commercially available antibiotics. The aim of this study is to develop a colorimetric assay to quantitatively detect the target DNA of A. baumannii based on unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from different clinical samples (burns, surgical wounds, sputum, blood and urine). A total of thirty-six A. baumannii clinical isolates were collected from five Iraqi hospitals in Erbil and Mosul provinces within the period from September 2020 to January 2021. Bacterial isolation and biochemical identification of isolates were carried out followed by DNA extraction from 36 isolates and six negative ATCC strains (Salmonalle typhi, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aures) and only one positive control ATCC A. baumannii using Phenol/Chloroform method. AuNPs were synthesized using the citrate reduction method and examined by XDR, FTIR, UV-VIS, FE-SEM, and TEM. The optimized colorimetric assay was employed based on unmodified spherical AuNPs and PCR amplification of 16S rRNA intergenic spacer sequences (ITS) with species-specific DNA oligo-targeters. Detection and optimization of A. baumannii amplicons using unmodified AuNPs were performed based on species-specific DNA oligonucleotide. The AuNPs assay was able to colorimetrically detect and distinguish A. baumannii from other ATCC bacterial isolates. The turnaround time of this assay was about 3 hours, including sample preparation and amplification, to show (0.025-6 ngµl-1) as a detection limit of DNA concentration. The efficacy of colorimetric detection was proved to effectively diagnose A. baumannii isolates with high sensitivity, simplicity, and robustness to rapidly diagnose A. baumannii isolates from different clinical samples.
A New Model Design for Combating COVID -19 Pandemic Based on SVM and CNN Approaches
Authors: Alnedawe Sura Monther , Aljobouri Hadeel K. 
Published: January 2023

In the current worldwide health crisis produced by coronavirus disease (COVID-19), researchers and medical specialists began looking for new ways to tackle the epidemic. According to recent studies, Machine Learning (ML) has been effectively deployed in the health sector. Medical imaging sources (radiography and computed tomography) have aided in the development of artificial intelligence(AI) strategies to tackle the coronavirus outbreak. As a result, a classical machine learning approach for coronavirus detection from Computerized Tomography (CT) images was developed. In this study, the convolutional neural network (CNN) model for feature extraction and support vector machine (SVM) for the classification of axial lung CT-scans into two groups (COVID-19 and NonCOVID-19) had been proposed. A dataset used is 960 slices of CT scan collected from Iraqi patients /Ibn Al-Nafis teaching hospital. The performance metrics are used in this study (accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 scores). The results indicate that the proposed approach generated a high-quality model for the collected dataset, with an overall accuracy of 98.95% and an overall recall of 97 %.
Assessment of Nutritional Status and habitual dietary intake of Indian Farm Women: Evidence from a Case Study in Central India
Authors: Khadatkar Abhijit , DUBEY U C , SAINI N , RAMADAS S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Nutritional security for women working in agriculture is one of the most serious and persisting concerns in developing countries like India. The present study surveyed the dynamics of nutritional status based on dietary intake viz. calorie, carbohydrate, protein, fat, calcium, folic acid, iron, vitamin, carotene, etc. among the farm women in central India of Madhya Pradesh.
Methods
A total of 225 farm women (age group of 18 to 60 years) who were engaged in agriculture activities were selected for the study. The nutritional survey was done by a personal interview on food intake by a pre-tested interview schedule and daily dietary intake. The survey questionnaire includes information on family, socio-economic status, income, education, occupation, and food habit of the farm women. In this daily dietary intake, respondents were asked to list all the foods and beverages consumed for a whole day.
Results
The mean age, height, weight, and BMI of the respondents were 34.93 years, 1519 mm, 49.47 kg, and 21.5, respectively. Based on different grades of nutrition, BMI results indicated that 28% were underweight, 52.4% were normal, 17.8% were overweight and 1.8% were obese. Inequality (estimated by Gini coefficient) analysis showed that there is not much variation among the nutrient intake levels across the physical status of the respondents with the exception of carotene and vitamin C. The classification and regression tree analysis indicated that with the exception of fat, the rest of the nutrients didn’t turn significant in determining the farm women’s physical status in terms of weight. The analysis of the waist-hip ratio showed that the risk of metabolic diseases (such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc.) is higher in 31–40 years’ age group women.
Conclusions
Overall food frequency indicated that poor intake of micronutrients in their diet according to their work activity results in poor health status. The study affirmed that the actual intake of nutrients varied significantly across the physical status of the farm women, physical activities carried out, and their monthly income level. The study also suggests a slew of policy options to overcome the nutritional gap among farm women.
Stringent non-pharmaceutical interventions increased the incidence of drunk driving-related road traffic crashes
Authors: Liu Hui , Yu Qiwei , Chen Siyuan , Qu Ying , Tian Huaiyu , Hou Kun , Li Roujing , Chen Kuo , Zhang Liqiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Drunk driving is one of the leading causes of traffic deaths in China. Although the non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in dramatic reductions in transport and mobility in 2020, to date, little is known about how drunk driving and related traffic crashes varied with the NPIs. We created a high-resolution and comprehensive drunk driving dataset. Based on 836,194 drunk driving in 335 cities in China from 2016 to 2020, we employ the causality models to examine and quantify trends in overall and subgroup drunk driving and related traffic crashes road traffic mortality throughout 2020. Subgroup analyses were done by place (urban and rural), sex, employment, education level, age group, geographical location (road, city, province and region), and by type of motor vehicle. Despite the marked reductions in drunk driving and related traffic crashes in 2020, the incidence of the induced traffic crashes increased during the stringent NPI period. Substantial differences persist across populations, locations and motor vehicles. Drunk driving occurred in the morning, at western China and rural catchment areas as well as drunk drivers aged 18–30, with high education background or white-collars have more declines. The drunk drivers aged 30–50, with high education levels, white-collar, female, and occurred at night, in the middle east China and urban areas have a higher incidence of traffic crash compared with other subgroups especially in Stage I. These comparable findings can inform decision-makers in planning precisely targeted interventions for cracking down on drunk driving during the events like public health arenas.
Rationalizing mineral gypsum through microbially enriched municipal solid waste compost for amelioration and regaining productivity potential of degraded sodic soils
Authors: Singh Yash Pal , Arora Sanjay , Mishra Vinay Kumar , Singh Atul Kumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReclamation of alkali soils to harness their productivity potential is more complex due to presence excessive sodium ions, poor hydraulic conductivity and infiltration rate, resulting in poor plant growth and crop productivity. Sodic soil reclamation using inorganic ameliorants like mineral gypsum or phosphogypsum is beyond the reach of small and marginal farmers having alkali soils because of their higher market prices and shortage of availability. Conjoint use of inorganic and organic amendments can be a pragmatic solution for improving soil physico-chemical and biological properties and sustaining crop productivity. Municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) available in abundant quantity if enriched with efficient halophilic microbial consortium and used in conjunction with reduced dose of gypsum can be a cost effective approach for sustainable reclamation of alkali soils and harnessing their productivity potential. Hence, a field experiment was conducted on a highly alkali soil (pH29.2 ± 0.10), electrical conductivity (EC) 114 µSm− 1±12.0, exchangeable sodium percentage 48 ± 2.50 and organic carbon (0.30%) was conducted during 2018-19 to 2020-21 to study the combined effect inorganic and organic (enriched municipal solid waste compost (EMSWC) amendments on amelioration of alkali soils and sustaining productivity of rice-wheat cropping system. Application of reduced dose of gypsum (25% GR) in conjunction with EMSWC @ 10 t ha− 1(T6) showed significant improvement in soil physico-chemical and biological properties over the sole application of organic (T3& T4), inorganic (T2) and control (T1). A significant improvement in soil fertility status in terms of available nitrogen and micronutrients as well as CO3,HCO3, Cl, Ca and Mg content were recorded with the combined application of organic and inorganic soil amendments (T5& T6) over the sole application of mineral gypsum. Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN) and phosphorus (MBP) improved significantly due to application of EMSWC with gypsum over the application of gypsum only. Grain yield of rice and wheat increased significantly (P < 0.05) owing to the application of reduced dose of gypsum (25% GR) and EMSWC @10 t ha− 1(T6) with values of 5.55 and 3.83 t ha− 1, respectively over rest of the treatments. Three years economic analysis of the study revealed that the treatment T6and T5gave highest positive net return whereas it was lowest in treatment T1and negative in treatment T2. The highest benefit to cost ratio (B:C) were obtained in treatment T6and T5which were significantly higher compared to rest of the treatments.
Necroptosis Drives Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events During Severe COVID-19
Authors: Wiscovitch-Russo Rosana , Ibáñez-Prada Elsa D. , Serrano-Mayorga Cristian C. , Sievers Benjamin L. , Engelbride Maeve A. , Padmanabhan Surya , Tan Gene S. , Vashee Sanjay , Bustos Ingrid G. , Pachecho Carlos , Mendez Lina , Dube Peter H. , Singh Harinder , Reyes Luis Felipe , Gonzalez-Juarbe Norberto 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

The mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-2 to induce major adverse cardiac events (MACE) are unknown. Thus, we aimed to determine if SARS-CoV-2 can infect the heart to kill cardiomyocytes and induce MACE in patients with severe COVID-19.

Methods

This observational prospective cohort study includes experiments with hamsters and human samples from patients with severe COVID-19. Cytokines and serum biomarkers were analyzed in human serum. Cardiac transcriptome analyses were performed in hamsters' hearts.

Results

From a cohort of 70 patients, MACE was documented in 26% (18/70). Those who developed MACE had higher Log copies/mL of SARS-CoV-2, troponin-I, and pro-BNP in serum. Also, the elevation of IP-10 and a major decrease in levels of IL-17ɑ, IL-6, and IL-1rɑ were observed. No differences were found in the ability of serum antibodies to neutralize viral spike proteins in pseudoviruses from variants of concern. In hamster models, we found a stark increase in viral titers in the hearts 4 days post-infection. The cardiac transcriptome evaluation resulted in the differential expression of ~ 9% of the total transcripts. Analysis of transcriptional changes of the effectors of necroptosis (mixed lineage kinase domain-like, MLKL) and pyroptosis (gasdermin D) showed necroptosis, but not pyroptosis, to be elevated. Active form of MLKL (phosphorylated MLKL, pMLKL) was elevated in hamster hearts and, most importantly, in the serum of MACE patients.

Conclusion

SARS-CoV-2 can reach the heart during severe COVID-19 and induce necroptosis in the heart of patients with MACE. Thus, pMLKL could be used as a biomarker of cardiac damage and a therapeutic target.

Trial registration: Not applicable.
Reduced urine pregnenolone concentration after clinical response in patients with depression: an open-label prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Pedraz-Petrozzi Bruno , Lamade Eva , Petry Rebekka , Scharnholz Barbara , Vítků Jana , Hill Martin , Stárka Ľuboslav , Gilles Maria , Deuschle Michael 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Identifying biological alterations in patients with depression, particularly those that differ between responders and non-responders, is of interest to clinical practice. Biomarker candidates involve neurosteroids, including pregnenolone (PREG) and allopregnanolone (ALLO). However, alterations in neurosteroids associated with treatment response are understudied. This study's main aim was to evaluate the effects of antidepressant treatment, clinical response, and treatment duration on neurosteroids PREG and ALLO in depression.
Materials and Methods
In a 4-week, open-label trial, participants were allocated randomly to the venlafaxine (n = 27) or mirtazapine (n = 30) group. Urine concentrations of PREG and ALLO were assessed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Participants collected night urine between 10:30 p.m. and 8:00 a.m. The primary outcome was the effect of treatment (mirtazapine or venlafaxine), clinical response (operationalized through the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), and time (baseline compared to 28 days) on the urine concentrations of PREG or ALLO in depression. Secondary outcomes were the effect of clinical response and time on the urine concentration of PREG or ALLO, independently of the antidepressant given (mirtazapine or venlafaxine). Linear mixed models were carried out.
Results
Regarding our primary outcome, there was no significant difference in PREG and ALLO concentrations between baseline and 28 days in responders and non-responders when investigating the venlafaxine or the mirtazapine group. However, concerning our secondary outcomes, we found a significant reduction of urine PREG concentration after 28 days of treatment in responders who received either venlafaxine or mirtazapine (estimate = -0.56; p = 0.016; 95CI [-1.003; -0.115]; Cohen’s d = -0.61).
Conclusions
Our main results indicate that responders in depression show reduced urinary PREG concentrations after 4-weeks of therapy, independently of the antidepressant used. More studies are needed to confirm these findings.