bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis and control of partial power processing nonisolated bidirectional DC‐DC converter
Authors: Hu Wei , Tao Jintong , Ding Zekang , Yang Hong 
Published: May 2023

SummaryA partial power processing non‐isolated bidirectional DC‐DC converter is proposed, which is composed of non‐isolated bidirectional DC‐DC converter and direct power flow path. Part of the power of the system is transmitted from the power stage to the load through the non‐isolated bidirectional DC‐DC converter, while the other part is transferred via the direct path without processing by the non‐isolated bidirectional DC‐DC converter. This topology not only enhances the energy conversion efficiency but also has the remarkable advantages of high energy density, simple design, small volume, light weight, and low electromagnetic interference. It can be applied in various two‐way energy management scenarios such as photovoltaic, fuel cell, and super capacitor energy storage. The analysis of the operating principle reveals that the converter can realize the increase and decrease of input voltage and the bidirectional flow of current. When the bidirectional DC‐DC converter steps the voltage down, the partial power converter is in the step‐up mode of reverse transmission. As the bidirectional DC‐DC converter is steps input voltage up, the partial power converter is in step‐down mode of forward transmission. The differential equations and mathematical models of each operating mode are established, and the appropriate voltage feedback control strategy is proposed. Finally, a prototype is constructed and experiments verify the analysis.
Nuclear export of BATF2 enhances colorectal cancer proliferation through binding to CRM1
Authors: Zhou Jie , Lei Zengjie , Chen Jianfang , Liao Shengbo , Chen Yanrong , Liu Chengxiang , Huang Shuo , Li Liuli , Zhang Yan , Wang Pei , Huang Yinghui , Li Jianjun , Liang Houjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDuring the tumourigenesis and development of colorectal cancer (CRC), the inactivation of tumour suppressor genes is closely involved, although detailed molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Accumulating studies, including ours, have demonstrated that basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF (activating transcription factor)‐like 2 (BATF2) is a capable tumour suppressor that localises in the nucleus. However, its different subcellular localisation, potential functions and underlying mechanisms are unclear.MethodsThe translocation of BATF2 and its clinical relevance were detected using CRC samples, cell lines and xenograft nude mice. Candidate BATF2‐binding proteins were screened using co‐immunoprecipitation, quantitative label‐free liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry proteomic analysis, Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Recombinant plasmids, point mutations and siRNAs were applied to clarify the binding sites between BATF2 and chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1).ResultsThe present study found that BATF2 was mainly localised in the cytoplasm, rather than nucleus, of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo, while cytoplasmic BATF2 expression was inversely correlated with the prognosis of CRC patients. Furthermore, we identified the nuclear export and subsequent ubiquitin‐mediated degradation of BATF2 in CRC cells. Mechanistically, a functional nuclear export sequence (any amino acid) was characterised in BATF2 protein, through which BATF2 bound to CRM1 and translocated out of nucleus, ultimately enhancing CRC growth via inducing activator protein 1 (AP‐1)/cyclin D1/phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRb) signalling pathway. Additionally, nuclear export of BATF2 can be retarded by the mutation of NES in BATF2 or the knockdown of CRM1, whereas CRM1 expression was negatively associated with nuclear BATF2 expression and the prognosis of CRC patients.ConclusionThese findings revealed the biological effects and underlying mechanisms of cytoplasmic localisation of BATF2. Furthermore, suppressing nuclear export of BATF2 via mutating its NES region or inhibiting CRM1 expression may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy against CRC.
EUS‐guided FNAC in intra‐abdominal lesions: Technique of tissue acquisition, ancillary testing, pearls and perils, and prospects
Authors: Kundu Reetu , Rana Surinder Singh , Suneel Rachagiri , Dey Pranab 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEndoscopic ultrasound enables visualization of lesions within and in the vicinity of the gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology (EUS‐FNAC) helps in targeting various luminal and extraluminal lesions both diagnostically and therapeutically. Various intra‐abdominal organs amenable to EUS‐FNA include the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), pancreas, kidney, adrenal gland, liver, bile duct, gallbladder, spleen, and lymph nodes. EUS‐FNAC is mostly done for pancreatic and intra‐abdominal lymph nodal lesions. In the present review, we have discussed various aspects of EUS‐FNAC.
Toad venom bufadienolides and bufotoxins: An updated review
Authors: Asrorov Akmal M. , Kayumov Muzaffar , Mukhamedov Nurkhodja , Yashinov Ansor , Mirakhmetova Ziyoda , Huang Yongzhuo , Yili Abulimiti , Aisa Haji Akber , Tashmukhamedov Mugrajitdin , Salikhov Shavkat , Mirzaakhmedov Sharafitdin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBufadienolides, naturally found in toad venoms having steroid‐like structures, reveal antiproliferative effects at low doses. However, their application as anticancer drugs is strongly prevented by their Na+/K+‐ATPase binding activities. Although several kinds of research were dedicated to moderating their Na+/K+‐ATPase binding activity, still deeper fundamental knowledge is required to bring these findings into medical practice. In this work, we reviewed data related to anticancer activity of bufadienolides such as bufalin, arenobufagin, bufotalin, gamabufotalin, cinobufotalin, and cinobufagin and their derivatives. Bufotoxins, derivatives of bufadienolides containing polar molecules mainly belonging to argininyl residues, are reviewed as well. The established structures of bufotoxins have been compiled into a one‐page figure to review their structures. We also highlighted advances in the structure‐modification of the structure of compounds in this class. Drug delivery approaches to target these compounds to tumor cells were discussed in one section. The issues related to extraction, identification, and quantification are separated into another section.
Analyses of cytokine gene expression and fecal microbiota in a patient with Cronkhite‐Canada syndrome successfully treated with prednisolone
Authors: Honjo Hajime , Masuta Yasuhiro , Otsuka Yasuo , Masaki Sho , Minaga Kosuke , Kudo Masatoshi , Watanabe Tomohiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough prednisolone treatment is effective in Cronkhite–Canada syndrome (CCS), its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. We performed analyses of cytokine expression and fecal microbiota in a patient with the concurrent occurrence of CCS and rectal cancer, in whom regression of polyposis was achieved by prednisolone. Regression of CCS polyps was accompanied by downregulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression and alterations in microbiota composition; a decrease in Bacteroides fragilis and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius with the promotion of inflammation. We could not completely exclude the possibility that alterations in fecal microbiota composition might be influenced by the presence of advanced cancer. However, this case suggests that the administration of PSL might lead to the regression of CCS polyps through alterations in gut microbiota composition and suppression of proinflammatory cytokine responses.
Conservation implications of mapping the potential distribution of an Ethiopian endemic versatile medicinal plant, Echinops kebericho Mesfin
Authors: Tafesse Bedilu , Bekele Tamrat , Demissew Sebsebe , Dullo Bikila Warkineh , Nemomissa Sileshi , Chala Desalegn 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEchinops kebericho is a narrow‐range multipurpose medicinal plant confined to Ethiopia. Intense land use change and overharvesting for traditional medicine have resulted in narrow distributions of its populations. It is a threatened species with a decreasing population trend. This study aims to map its potential distribution, which is key to guide conservation efforts and sustainable use. We modeled the potential distribution of E. kebercho using the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) employing 11 less correlated predictor variables by calibrating the model at two complexity levels and replicating each model 10 times using a cross validation technique. We projected the models into the whole of Ethiopia and produced binary presence–absence maps by classifying the average map from both complexity levels applying three threshold criteria and ensembling the resulting maps into one for the final result. We mapped suitable habitat predicted with high certainty and identified local districts where E. kebericho can be cultivated or introduced to enhance its conservation. We estimated that E.kebercho has about 137,925 km2 of suitable habitat, mainly concentrated in the western highlands of the Ethiopian mountains. Our models at both complexity levels had high average performances, AUC values of 0.925 for the complex model and 0.907 for the simpler model. The variations in performance among the 10 model replicates were not remarkable, an AUC standard deviation of 0.040 for complex and 0.046 for simple model. Although E. kebericho is locally confined, our models predicted that it has a remarkably wider potential distribution area. We recommend introducing E. kebericho to these areas to improve its conservation status and tap its multiple benefits on a sustainable basis. Locally confined threatened plants and animals likely have wider potential distributions than their actual distributions and thus similar methodology can be applied for their conservation.
Six‐Membered NHC Stabilized Monomeric Zinc Complexes
Authors: Gour Kritika , Kundu Gargi , Dash Soumya Ranjan , Vanka Kumar , Tothadi Srinu , Sen Sakya S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper describes the rare use of a 6‐membered saturated N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) known as 1,3‐di(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl) tetrahydropyrimidine‐2‐ylidene (abbreviated as 6‐SIDipp) as a ligand in zinc chemistry. We report on the investigation of the reactions between 6‐SIDipp and ZnX2, which resulted in a range of new monomeric 6‐SIDipp⋅ZnX2 complexes (X=Et (1), Cl (2), Br (3), and I (4)). We also prepared a new NHC zinc complex where the two substituents of the zinc atom are different, 6‐SIDipp⋅Zn(Et)Br (7) through the reaction of the proligand [6‐SIDippH]Br with ZnEt2. We have observed that the reactions of complex 1 with sulfur and HBpin led to the removal of the ZnEt2 moiety, resulting in the formation of a C=S double bond and a B−H activation product, respectively. Lastly, the reaction of 1 with five‐membered NHCs led to the exchange of carbene and the formation of either 5‐IDipp⋅ZnEt2 (8) or 5‐SIDipp⋅ZnEt2 (9).
Catalyst‐ and Oxidant‐Free Electrochemical Regioselective Halogenation and Trifluoromethylation of 4H‐Pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones
Authors: Su Meiyun , Guo Lina , Mao Peiyu , Xiao Meng , Liu Wenjie , Wang Shaohua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe catalyst‐free electrochemical halogenation and trifluoromethylation of 4H‐pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones was realized under external‐oxidant‐free conditions. This strategy provides an easy and green access to functionalized new 4H‐pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐one derivatives with broad scope, good functional group tolerance and high regioselectivity.
Fitted finite difference technique for singularly perturbed reaction diffusion equations of third order with integral boundary condition
Authors: Raja V. , Tamilselvan A. , Jayalakshmi G. Janani , Sekar E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe have considered a third order singularly perturbed reaction diffusion equations with integral boundary condition. On a Shishkin mesh, a numerical technique based on a finite difference scheme is provided. The proposed approach is almost first order convergent. In the discrete norm, an error estimate is obtained. Numerical examples are provided to validate the theoretical estimates.
Effect of infection of potato plants by Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus S (PVS), and Potato virus M (PVM) on content and physicochemical properties of tuber starch
Authors: Ospankulova Gulnazym , Khassanov Vadim , Kamanova Svetlana , Toimbayeva Dana , Saduakhasova Saule , Bulashev Berdibek , Aidarkhanova Gulnar , Yermekov Yernaz , Murat Linara , Shaimenova Bakhyt , Muratkhan Marat , Li Wenhao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPotato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus S (PVS), and Potato virus M (PVM) infection of potato plants leads to decreased dry matter and starch content in tubers. Starch samples from potato tubers infected with PVY, PVS, and PVM had higher amylose content. Granules of starch isolated from potato tubers infected by PVS exhibit larger granules than starch granules isolated from tubers of healthy plants. In contrast, in the case of PVM and PVY infection, starch granules were significantly smaller in diameter. A decrease in the degree of crystallinity has been observed in all samples of starches obtained from the tubers of infected plants compared to starch isolated from tubers of healthy plants. A slight decrease in gelatinization temperature was noted for starch samples isolated from tubers infected by PVY and PVM, and a slight increase in gelatinization temperature for starch samples isolated from tubers infected by PVS compared to starch isolated from tubers of healthy plants. In all samples of starch obtained from tubers of infected plants, an increase in the value of gelatinization enthalpy was observed. Thus, it can be concluded that damage to potato plants by PVM and PVY leads to a significant decrease in the quality of starch in tubers. At the same time, infection by PVS had practically no considerable effect.
Bisphenol A release from food and beverage containers – A review
Authors: Khalili Sadrabad Elham , Hashemi Sayed Aliasghar , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Askari Elaheh , Akrami Mohajeri Fateme , Ramroudi Fereshteh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDietary exposure was introduced as the primary way Bisphenol A (BPA) enters the human body. Although significant efforts have been made to analyze BPA's presence in different foodstuffs, less attention has been given to introducing the conditions that facilitate BPA release. This review aimed to mention possible factors affecting BPA release into foods and beverages. According to the results, the critical factors in BPA release are temperature, manufacturing process, food and packaging type, pH, mineral elements, repeated use, irradiation, washing, contact time, and using detergents. It showed that using PC containers, high temperature and pH, storage under solar irradiation, alkaline detergents, water hardness, and repeated use could increase the BPA release from containers into foodstuff. During various conditions, hydrolysis of the carbonate linkage and d‐spacing will increase. Considering these parameters and limiting the use of PC containers, the potential risk of BPA exposure could be eliminated.
The social value of a SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine: Willingness to pay estimates from four western countries
Authors: Costa‐Font Joan , Rudisill Caroline , Harrison Sayward , Salmasi Luca 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines give rise to positive externalities on population health, society and the economy in addition to protecting the health of vaccinated individuals. Hence, the social value of such a vaccine exceeds its market value. This paper estimates the willingness to pay (WTP) for a hypothetical SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine (or shadow prices), in four countries, namely the United States (US), the United Kingdom, Spain and Italy during the first wave of the pandemic when COVID‐19 vaccines were in development but not yet approved. WTP estimates are elicited using a payment card method to avoid “yea saying” biases, and we study the effect of protest responses, sample selection bias, as well as the influence of trust in government and risk exposure when estimating the WTP. Our estimates suggest evidence of an average value of a hypothetical vaccine of 100–200 US dollars once adjusted for purchasing power parity. Estimates are robust to a number of checks.
Adaptive Encapsulation of 1,ω‐Amino‐Acids within the “Pyrene Box”
Authors: Zheng Shao‐Ping , Feng Wei‐Xu , Jiang Ji‐Jun , Wang Dawei , van der Lee Arie , Barboiu Mihail 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPyrene boxes, self‐assembled from 1,3,5,8‐pyrene‐tetrasulfonate anions, PTS4− and Guanidinium G+, amino‐guanidinium AG+ and hydrated alkali counter cations have been used for the encapsulation of 1,ω‐amino‐acids of variable lengths. The NMR spectroscopy illustrates that these systems are stable in aqueous solution and encapsulation process involves dynamic or fixed guest molecules within Pyrene box, depending of the nature of the counter‐cations. The amide bond coupling between the amino‐guanidinium AG+ and encapsulated 1,ω‐amino‐acid guests occur in water in the absence of coupling catalysts. The variable co‐encapsulation of the guests via multivalent stabilizing interactions shed light that chemical selection can be obtained from mixtures of 1,ω‐amino‐acids. Our study involving a comprehensive screening of 18 co‐crystal structures help to understand the in‐situ fixation of 1,ω‐amino‐acid guests and their accurate determination of unconventional structures under confinement.
Mind from Matter: The Chemical Connection
Authors: Pascal Robert , Pross Addy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne of life's most extraordinary features is its mental dimension, one whose origin and essence remain a deep scientific mystery. Given the modern scientific view that life emerged from non‐life, how was ‘dead’ matter able to take on mental capabilities? In this Review we report on two recent scientific discoveries, which together offer new insights into the possible physical basis of mind and the origin of ‘self’. First, recent thinking in microbiology now contends that simplest life manifests highly developed cognitive capabilities, suggesting that such capabilities were initiated early in the evolutionary process, likely within chemistry. Second, the recent discovery of a new dimension within chemical space of energized dynamic kinetically stable (DKS) chemical systems appears able to explain the emergence of systems with distinct non‐physical characteristics, including cognition and ‘self’. These two developments, when coupled to a physically based description of the evolutionary process, offer a feasible means of outlining the physical/chemical basis for life's mental state and a means for its emergence. A door toward resolution of the seemingly intractable ‘mind from matter’ problem may have opened up.
Improved multiple sclerosis diagnosis with advanced deep learning techniques
Authors: Pandian A. , Udhayakumar G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhite matter pathologies analysis is important for segmenting multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions in MRI slices. Myelin damage affects motor function, sensory conflicts, paralysis, and vision. Extracting an optimistic number of hidden characteristic features induces high feature maps and reduces redundancy and dimensionality. A framework based on Hybrid Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (HD‐CNN) is presented to classify MS based on the acquired optimistic feature characteristic. First, Chaotic Leader‐Selective Particle Swarm Optimization uses the pixel intensity ratio of the targeted region to extract the most hidden white matter features. Second, Refined Slime Mold categorizes hidden features and ensures that the necessary features are selected effectively for a better segmentation result. An effective inbuilt Maximum Bidirectional Gradient Classifier accurately classifies MS lesions by detecting white matter spots in the target region. Finally, we will evaluate the proposed HD‐CNN framework using the industry‐standard University Medical Centre Ljubljana (UMCL) and international symposium on biomedical imaging (ISBI) 2015 datasets as benchmarks. It reaches 98.56%, 93.15%, and 98.44% accuracy for FLAIR, T1W, and T2W, respectively. Our HD‐CNN improves MS classification over other state‐of‐the‐art techniques, compared with accuracy, F‐score, Recall, Precision, Dice, and Jaccard indexes values.
Systematic review of the impact of medication synchronization on healthcare utilization, economic, clinical, and humanistic outcomes
Authors: Waghmare Prajakta H. , Lindsey Rachel , Reed Jason B. , Gao Sujuan , Zillich Alan J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMedication synchronization (med‐sync) or appointment‐based medication synchronization (ABMS) programs allow patients to have their chronic medication refills aligned to one pickup day. For patients on multiple chronic medications, it provides a more manageable way of picking up those medications. The objective of the study was to systematically characterize literature describing economic and healthcare utilization, clinical, and humanistic outcomes for patients enrolled in med‐sync. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE (Elsevier), and Cochrane Library. Studies were included if they were conducted at a pharmacy in the United States, between January 2008 and October 2022, and evaluated the impact of med‐sync on at least one of the four outcomes of interest (utilization, economic, clinical, and humanistic). The title and abstracts were screened, followed by a full‐text review and final data extraction by two researchers. A data extraction template and Cochrane risk of bias tool were used for data collection and quality assessments, respectively. The search resulted in 1617 studies and finally, 27 studies were included in the systematic review. All studies included patients enrolled in either ABMS, med‐sync, or in conjunction with other pharmacy services. Across all studies evaluating medication adherence, proportion of days covered (PDC) increased. All studies that administered patient surveys showed a majority of patients were satisfied with their med‐sync program. One study showed a reduction in healthcare utilization and costs, while another study indicated no change. Med‐sync programs have shown clinical outcomes, specifically to improve adherence in patients taking chronic medications. In terms of humanistic outcomes, patient surveys have shown high rates of satisfaction with med‐sync programs. Additional studies are needed to determine if med‐sync can lead to improvements in healthcare utilization and cost outcomes.
Bounds on Ramsey games via alterations
Authors: Guo He , Warnke Lutz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe present a refinement of the classical alteration method for constructing ‐free graphs for suitable edge‐probabilities , we show that removing all edges in ‐copies of the binomial random graph does not significantly change the independence number. This differs from earlier alteration approaches of Erdős and Krivelevich, who obtained similar guarantees by removing one edge from each ‐copy (instead of all of them). We demonstrate the usefulness of our refined alternation method via two applications to online graph Ramsey games, where it enables easier analysis.
Today's Kaposi sarcoma is not the same as it was 40 years ago, or is it?
Authors: Damania Blossom , Dittmer Dirk P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis review will provide an overview of the notion that Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a disease that manifests under diverse and divergent circumstances. We begin with a historical introduction of KS and KS‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV), highlight the diversity of clinical presentations of KS, summarize what we know about the cell of origin for this tumor, explore KSHV viral load as a potential biomarker for acute KSHV infections and KS‐associated complications, and discuss immune modulators that impact KSHV infection, KSHV persistence, and KS disease.