bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Midterm surgical outcomes of duplicated thumbs according to new classification
Authors: Horii Emiko , Koh Shukuki , Otsuka Junko , Hamada Yoshitaka , Saito Takanori 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Surgical outcomes of duplicated thumbs differ depending on the branching type. We developed a new classification system and report surgical outcomes with an average 10.2-year follow-up.

Methods:
A total of 529 patients with 562 duplicated thumbs were reviewed. We compared surgical anatomies and X-rays, and then developed a new classification system, based on the branching level and particular bone shape observed via X-ray; D-type included Wassel types I and II, and P-type included Wassel types Ⅲ and Ⅳ and four types of subdivisions, Po, Pa, Pb, and Pc, according to particular bone structure. The MC-type included Wassel types V and VI. All hands were assessed using the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand (JSSH) evaluation form, and factors causing poor outcomes were analyzed.

Results:
There were 25% D-type, 59% P-type, and 14% MC-type hands, and 2% of hands were not classified. Overall, 351 hands (63%) were directly assessed when the patients reached 5 years of age. A total of 17% of hands were fair. Good results were shown for 90% of D- and Po- type hands. Pa-, Pb-, Pc-, and MC-type hands had lower JSSH scores than D- or Po-type hands. Pa- and Pb-type hands tended to develop interphalangeal joint malalignment and instability, while Pc- and MC- type hands developed disorders in the metacarphophalangeal joint with growth.

Conclusions:
Through a new classification system, we clarified the potential pitfalls for each type of duplicated thumb. More than 90% of D- and Po- type hand obtained good results. Care should be paid of interphalangeal joint reconstruction for Pa-and Pb-type hands, while meticulous reconstruction of metacarpophalangeal joint was essential for Pc- and MC-type hands. Analyzing this large cohort of duplicated thumbs provides important information for surgeons and patients.
Type of study of evince: Therapeutic IV.
“Molding Helmet Therapy for severe Deformational Brachycephaly: Position of Eurion and Therapeutic Effect”
Authors: Okamoto Toyoko , Harada Atsuko , Takamatsu Ako , Kyutoku Shigeo , Kaneko Tsuyoshi , Ueda Koichi 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Molding helmet therapy is routinely used for moderate to severe deformational plagiocephaly. However, there have been few reports for deformational brachycephaly (DB). Additionally, the incidence and severity of DB is high in Asians, including Japanese, but there are still no reports of treatment for severe cases. The present study showed significant improvement even in severe DB with various deformities. Furthermore, the difference in improvement according to the morphological classification was investigated.

Methods:
The study included 47 patients treated with helmet therapy for DB with a cephalic index (CI) of >100%. Three-dimensional head scans were used for classification and measurement. DB was classified into four types according to the position of the eurion and the presence of deformational plagiocephaly. The therapeutic effect was determined by the changes in CI and cranial asymmetry (CA).

Results:
The patients exhibited a mean change of 8.0% in CI and 6.4 mm in CA. An older age at initiation was associated with less change in both CI and CA. A significant difference in the amount of CI change was observed depending on the position of the eurion when the starting age was ≥6 months (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Molding helmet therapy for severe DB results in significant morphological improvement. However, depending on the position of the eurion, the effect of treatment may decrease if it is started too late. It is necessary to understand the difference in improvement depending on the morphology and to ensure early intervention.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic III
Are We Over-Operating Isolated Orbital Floor Fractures?
Authors: Billig Allan B. , Dengler Jana , Hardisty Michael , Chew Hall F. , Kiss Alex , Fialkov Jeffrey A. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Orbital floor fracture defect size (DS) and Inferior Rectus (IR) Rounding Index are currently accepted indications for surgery to prevent late enophthalmos. Herein, we analyze the positive predictive value (PPV) of these indications.

Method:
28 patients with orbital floor fractures presenting without enophthalmos underwent Hertel exophthalmometry at presentation and at weeks 1, 2, 3, 6, 13, 26, and ≥52 following injury. Orbital defect size (DS) and IR Rounding Index (IR) were measured from CT scans, and PPVs of defect size ≥1.5-2cm 2 and IR Rounding Index ≥1 for enophthalmos (≥2mm) were calculated.

Results:
19 patients had isolated orbital floor fractures (Group A), 3 had non-continuous orbital floor and medial wall fractures (Group B), and 6 had continuous orbital floor with medial wall fractures (Group C). Mean follow-up time was 440 days. Of all patients, 20 had DS ≥1.5cm 2, 12 had DS ≥2.0cm 2, and 13 had IR Rounding Index ≥1. Of the 28 patients, only one from group A and two from group C developed enophthalmos of 2mm only. The PPV of orbital floor DS ≥1.5cm 2 and ≥2cm 2 (groups A and B only) for late enophthalmos was 6.7% and 0%, respectively. The PPV of IR Rounding Index ≥1 for late enophthalmos (all groups) was 0%.

Conclusions:
For patients with orbital floor fractures presenting without enophthalmos, defect size ≥1.5cm 2 and ≥2cm 2 , and IR rounding ≥1 are weakly predictive of late enophthalmos. Furthermore, patients who do not develop enophthalmos within 3 weeks of injury are unlikely to develop significant (>2mm) late enophthalmos.
Lower Lip Sensory Outcomes of Allograft Inferior Alveolar Nerve Reconstruction Following Free Fibula Mandible Reconstruction in Cancer Patients1
Authors: Kaplan Jordan , Lee Z-Hye , Grome Luke , Yao Christopher M.K.L. , Mericli Alexander F. , Roubaud Margaret S. , Largo Rene D. , Garvey Patrick B. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
As patient survival with head and neck cancer has improved, treatment goals have had to evolve to focus on improving quality of life. Traditionally patients who have undergone mandibulectomy are left with an insensate chin and lower lip secondary to resection of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). The purpose of this study was to critically evaluate our initial experience using processed nerve allografts (PNA) for IAN reconstruction following oncologic mandibulectomy and reconstruction with free fibula osteocutaneous flaps and to assess our patients’ sensory outcomes.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of the first 32 patients who underwent immediate IAN reconstruction with PNA at the time of oncologic mandibulectomy and mandible reconstruction with free fibula osteocutaneous flaps at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center over a one-year period. Semmes-Weinstein filament sensory testing was conducted at multiple surgical follow-up appointments to evaluate the quality of sensory recovery.

Results:
Thirteen of the 32 patients underwent post-operative Semmes-Weinstein filament testing. All 13 patients demonstrated partial return of sensation. At a mean follow-up of 8.33 months, the average level of sensation was 60.93% that of the unaffected side of the lower lip.

Conclusion:
Patients were consistently afforded improvement in lower lip sensation using PNA-based IAN grafting as an adjunct to free fibula-based mandible reconstruction. The procedure adds no additional surgical morbidity and has shown consistent positive results.
Physiological Age by Artificial Intelligence–Enhanced Electrocardiograms as a Novel Risk Factor of Mortality in Kidney Transplant Candidates
Authors: Lorenz Elizabeth C. , Zaniletti Isabella , Johnson Bradley K. , Petterson Tanya M. , Kremers Walter K. , Schinstock Carrie A. , Amer Hatem , Cheville Andrea L. , LeBrasseur Nathan K. , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Navaneethan Sankar D. , Baez-Suarez Abraham , Attia Zachi I. , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Friedman Paul A. , Kennedy Cassie C. , Rule Andrew D. 
Published: February 2023

Background.
Mortality risk assessment before kidney transplantation (KT) is imperfect. An emerging risk factor for death in nontransplant populations is physiological age as determined by the application of artificial intelligence to the electrocardiogram (ECG). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between ECG age and KT waitlist mortality.

Methods.
We applied a previously developed convolutional neural network to the ECGs of KT candidates evaluated 2014 to 2019 to determine ECG age. We used a Cox proportional hazard model to examine whether ECG age was associated with waitlist mortality.

Results.
Of the 2183 patients evaluated, 59.1% were male, 81.4% were white, and 11.4% died during follow-up. Mean ECG age was 59.0 ± 12.0 y and mean chronological age at ECG was 53.3 ± 13.6 y. After adjusting for chronological age, comorbidities, and other characteristics associated with mortality, each increase in ECG age of >10 y than the average ECG age for patients of a similar chronological age was associated with an increase in mortality risk (hazard ratio 3.59 per 10-y increase; 95% confidence interval, 2.06-5.72; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions.
ECG age is a risk factor for KT waitlist mortality. Determining ECG age through artificial intelligence may help guide risk-benefit assessment when evaluating candidates for KT.
How useful is genomic data for predicting maladaptation to future climate?
Authors: Lind Brandon M. , Candido-Ribeiro Rafael , Singh Pooja , Lu Mengmeng , Vidakovic Dragana Obreht , Booker Tom R. , Whitlock Michael C. , Yeaman Sam , Isabel Nathalie , Aitken Sally N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMethods using genomic information to forecast potential population maladaptation to climate change are becoming increasingly common, yet the lack of model validation poses serious hurdles toward their incorporation into management and policy. Here, we compare the validation of maladaptation estimates derived from two methods – Gradient Forests (GFoffset) and the Risk Of Non-Adaptedness (RONA) – using exome capture pool-seq data from 35 to 39 populations across three conifer taxa: two Douglas-fir varieties and jack pine. We evaluate sensitivity of these algorithms to the source of input loci (markers selected from genotype-environment associations [GEA] or those selected at random). We validate these methods against two-year and 52-year growth and mortality measured in independent transplant experiments. Overall, we find that both methods often better predict transplant performance than climatic or geographic distances. We also find that GFoffsetand RONA models are surprisingly not improved using GEA candidates. Even with promising validation results, variation in model projections to future climates makes it difficult to identify the most maladapted populations using either method. Our work advances understanding of the sensitivity and applicability of these approaches, and we discuss recommendations for their future use.
Reply to: Caution Regarding the Specificities of Pan-Cancer Microbial Structure
Authors: Sepich-Poore Gregory D. , Kopylova Evguenia , Zhu Qiyun , Carpenter Carolina , Fraraccio Serena , Wandro Stephen , Kosciolek Tomasz , Janssen Stefan , Metcalf Jessica , Song Se Jin , Kanbar Jad , Miller-Montgomery Sandrine , Heaton Robert , Mckay Rana , Patel Sandip Pravin , Swafford Austin D , Knight Rob 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe cancer microbiome field tremendously accelerated following the release of our manuscript nearly three years ago1, including direct validation of our cancer type-specific conclusions in independent, international cohorts2,3and the tumor microbiome’s adoption into the hallmarks of cancer4. Disentangling contamination signals from biological signals is an important consideration for this research field. Therefore, despite numerous, high-impact, peer-reviewed research papers that either validated our conclusions or extended them using data we released2,5–13, we carefully considered criticism raised by Gihawiet al. about potential mishandling of contaminants, batch effects, and machine learning approaches—all of which were central topics in our manuscript. Nonetheless, a close examination of each concern alongside the original manuscript and re-analyses of our published data strongly demonstrates the robustness of the original findings. To remove all doubt, however, we have reproduced all key conclusions from the original manuscript using only overlapping bacterial genera identified in a highly decontaminated, multi-cancer, international cohort (Weizmann Institute of Science, WIS)2, with or without batch correction, and with multiclass machine learning analyses to mitigate class imbalances. Our published pan-cancer mycobiome manuscript3also affirms these findings using updated, state-of-the-art methods. We also note that every analysis shown here was possible using public data and code that we had already provided.
Optimization of chickpea irrigation in a semi-arid climate based on morpho-physiological parameters
Authors: Avneri Asaf , Peleg Zvi , Bonfil David , Sadeh Roy , Perach Omer , Herrmann Ittai , Abbo Shahal , Lati Ran N. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTWhile the world population is steadily growing, the demand for plant-based protein in general, and chickpea in particular, is rising. Heatwaves and terminal drought are the main environmental constraints on chickpea production worldwide. Thus, developing better irrigation management for the chickpea agro-system can promote higher and more sustainable yields. Supplemental irrigation at the right timing and dose can increase yield dramatically. Here, we studied the response of a modern Kabuli chickpea cultivar to supplemental irrigation during the critical pod-filling period over three growing seasons (2019-2021) in northern Negev, Israel, under semi-arid conditions. Six irrigation treatments were applied based on irrigation factors of 0, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 of crop evapotranspiration (ET0) as measured by an on-site meteorological station. Morpho-physiological parameters and above-ground biomass accumulation were monitored throughout the cropping seasons, and the final grain yield was determined at maturation. Irrigation onset was determined based on plants’ leaf water potential (ΨLWP> 15 bar) in the field. Our results indicate that optimal water status (as reflected by pressure chamber values) was 12-14 bar during the irrigation period. Irrigation according to evapotranspiration (ET0) with an irrigation factor of 1.2 resulted in the highest grain yields over the three years. To ensure optimal water supply during the reproductive phase compatible with the crop water requirements, maintaining a 25 mm node length above the last fully developed pod and a 90 mm distance between the last fully developed pod to the stem apex is recommended. In conclusion, irrigation onset when the crop is already at mild drought stress, followed by sufficient irrigation while following the indicated morphology and water potential values, may help farmers optimize irrigation and maximize chickpea crop production.HighlightsChickpea irrigation is optimized based on meteorological data (ETc) and morphological traits.Morphological- not only physiological- traits can capture the dynamics of crop water status.Irrigation onset should be at mild drought stress (>15 bar) during the reproductive stage.Extending the reproductive phase is essential for grain yield improvement under semi-arid conditions.IF=1.2 provides the most productive irrigation regime for chickpea in Mediterranean conditions.
Laplace residual power series method for the numerical solution of time-fractional Newell–Whitehead–Segel model
Authors: Luo Xiankang , Nadeem Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the approximate solution of the time fractional time-fractional Newell–Whitehead–Segel (TFNWS) model that reflects the appearance of the stripe patterns in two-dimensional systems. The significant results of plot distribution show that the proposed approach is highly authentic and reliable for the fractional-order models.

Design/methodology/approach
The Laplace transform residual power series method (ℒT-RPSM) is the combination of Laplace transform (ℒT) and residual power series method (RPSM). The ℒT is examined to minimize the order of fractional order, whereas the RPSM handles the series solution in the form of convergence. The graphical results of the fractional models are represented through the fractional order α.

Findings
The derived results are obtained in a successive series and yield the results toward the exact solution. These successive series confirm the consistency and accuracy of ℒT-RPSM. This study also compares the exact solutions with the graphical solutions to show the performance and authenticity of the visual solutions. The proposed scheme does not require the restriction of variables and produces the numerical results in terms of a series. This strategy is capable to handle the nonlinear terms very easily for the TFNWS model.

Originality/value
This paper presents the original work. This study reveals that ℒT can perform the solution of fractional-order models without any restriction of variables.
Inspection and structural assessment of traditional timber floors: a practical systematization
Authors: Henriques Dulce Franco , Clara Miguel Pereira , Flores-Colen Inês 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThis paper addresses the evaluation of traditional wooden floors, based on (1) visual strength grading (VSG) techniques adopted for ancient wooden structures; (2) a new approach to biological damage and (3) structural safety analysis. This assessment includes complex concepts. Therefore, the study presents a highly needed practical tool to help technicians make a preliminary assessment whereby many of the timber elements in our heritage can be saved from removal.Design/methodology/approachA simple and effective procedure was developed for each step. An inspection and diagnosis datasheet was drawn up, and the structural analysis presented by the Eurocodes was summarized. This methodology was then applied in a case study to demonstrate the complete procedure. During the assessment of this sort of structures, the drilling technique was a relevant method utilized as it provided essential and clear information about the beams' conservation.FindingsThe case study results indicate that 70% of the beams of the analysed structure exceed strict minimum performance criteria. This shows that other similar buildings can have their wooden elements saved from demolition, which is not the current regular refurbishment approach.Originality/valueThe current reality shows that the technicians' lack of capacity for a pragmatic assessment of the timber members’ structural capacity promotes their disinterest in them. To avoid that, this text presents a process for evaluating wooden floors using a simple and clear approach. This will prevent the demolition of wooden elements and instead encourage their preservation.
Sustainable entrepreneurship development in Oman: a multi-stakeholder qualitative study
Authors: Arslan Ahmad , Al Kharusi Sami , Hussain Syed Mujahid , Alo Obinna 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Even though sustainable entrepreneurship has increasingly received researchers’ attention in recent years, the topic remains rather under-researched in natural resources’ rich Gulf countries such as Oman. Hence, this paper aims to fill this gap in the literature and, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, is one of the first attempts to assess the state of sustainable entrepreneurship development in Oman from a multi-stakeholder perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a qualitative research approach where in-depth semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 12 respondents representing relevant stakeholders of sustainable entrepreneurship development in Oman. The interviewees included four sustainable entrepreneurs, four policymakers and four educationists representing entrepreneurial skills development institutes in Oman.

Findings
This papers’ findings highlight that despite some positive improvements, several critical challenges remain, which hinder sustainable entrepreneurship development. The authors further found the role of FinTech to be critical in this concern by all stakeholders, though its usage and acceptance remain low. Also, the costs associated with the post-carbon (sustainable) economy and different profitability evolution have resulted in a slow change in the policy development in this concern. From an educational (skills development) perspective, a lack of context-specific training programmes and culture-based hesitations appeared to be hindering achieving sustainable entrepreneurship possibilities in Oman. The nascent entrepreneurial ecosystem, bureaucracy and lack of human capital (attraction as well as retention) appeared to be significant challenges for entrepreneurs. Finally, the findings highlighted the need for cross-sector collaboration with clear benchmarks for effective policy development concerning sustainable entrepreneurship in Oman.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first academic study explicitly highlighting the state of sustainable entrepreneurship in Oman by incorporating the development initiatives as well as the major challenges in the analysis. Secondly, this study is also a pioneering work specifying the interlinkage between financing (FinTech), policy initiatives and skills development and the development of a sustainable entrepreneurship ecosystem in an under-researched context of Oman. Finally, the transition to a sustainable economy is challenging in natural resources’ dependent economies like Oman, as it needs to be supported by the mindset change in the larger society (legitimacy). In this concern, this paper, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, is one of the first academic endeavours to also specify the role of legitimacy from the perspective of different stakeholders (and larger society) for sustainable entrepreneurship development in such contexts.
Understanding the relationship between acceptance of multifunctional health and fitness features of wrist-worn wearables and actual usage
Authors: Hahm Jeongbeom , Choi Heedong , Matsuoka Hirotaka , Kim Jiyoung , Byon Kevin K. 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify existing users' acceptance of the multidimensional health and fitness features of wrist-worn wearable devices (WWDs) required for each stage of physical activity (i.e. before, during and after) and examine the relationship between its acceptance (i.e. knowledge acquisition, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) and the actual use of its health and fitness attributes.Design/methodology/approachBoth qualitative and quantitative approaches were taken to analyze the relationships. A focus group interview was conducted (N = 9) to design the research model, including the operationalized definition of the study constructs. A questionnaire survey was conducted with respondents in South Korea (N = 480). Partial least squares structural equation modeling via Smart PLS 3.0 was employed to test the hypotheses.FindingsWhen users learned to use fitness functions and perceived them as useful for physical activity without causing any difficulty, they tended to use those functions more, which provided enhanced health benefits in the digitalized interactive environment of WWDs.Originality/valueThis research is one of the first to examine the relationship between the perceived user value of WWDs and their actual usage within a digitalized and interactive environment. The results are expected to offer theoretical insights into how well users accept the health and fitness components of WWDs. Practically, it will build awareness of what makes users adopt and use WWDs, helping practitioners design better health promotions and campaigns associated with WWDs.