bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AUDITORY NEUROPATHY SPECTRUM DISORDER IN CHILDREN: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERINATAL RISK FACTORS AND RADIOLOGY
Authors: Mann Rajinder , Sharma Anuradha , Munjal Sanjay , Ahuja Chirag , Panda Naresh , Singh Paramjeet 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionRadiological assessment plays a vital role in identifying auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) in children. Identifying the neonatal risk factors and their association with radiological findings might facilitate the management of children with ANSD. The goal of
the current work was to investigate the relationship between perinatal risk factors and radiological findings in children with ANSD.Material and methodsAltogether, 28 children with ANSD aged 1 to 6 were enrolled. Behavioural observation audiometry (BOA), otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were conducted. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) were performed.ResultsThere was a statistically significant association between ANSD risk factors – hydrocephalus, preterm birth, hyperbilirubinemia, entry into newborn intensive care, and cerebral palsy – and white matter changes and cerebral/brainstem abnormalities.ConclusionsIn children with ANSD, certain cerebral/brainstem abnormalities and white matter changes were associated with the condition. To minimize the impact of hearing loss, radiological assessments should be conducted on all children having ANSD risk factors.
Investigation of the effects of distress on health practices in pregnant women
Authors: KIŞLAK Demet , KÖSE Sevinç 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effect of distress on health practices in pregnant women at 12 weeks and over of pregnancy. The universe of this descriptive study consisted of women at 12 weeks and over of pregnancy who were admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a City Hospital. To calculate the minimum sample size to be included in the study, the sample selection formula was used in cases where the number of elements in the universe was unknown, and it was completed with 353 pregnant women. The data of the study were collected between November 2016 and April 2017, using the "Pregnancy Info Form", "Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TPDS)" and "Health Practices in Pregnancy Questionnaire" (HPPQ). In evaluating the data, the following were used: percentage distributions, averaging, t-test, Kruskall Wallis Variance Analysis, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Correlation Analysis. There is a statistically significant, negative, and low-level correlation between the total HPPQ score, the Spousal Involvement sub-dimension, and the total TPDS score (p
Incidence and progression of myopia in children (0 – 15 years) with reference to causes and risk factors in a tertiary eye care centre in central India
Authors: Aishwarya G , Dubey Aditi , Kumar Kavita , Rizwan Shaikh Naziya Md , Kansana Surendra Singh 
Published: December 2022

To study the causes and risk factors for development of myopia and to see short term progression in children of 0 – 15 years.A prospective observational study was conducted among children attending the Ophthalmology department of a Tertiary care centre in Central India, from October 2019 to September 2021.In order to determine the refractive status of the eye, all subjects underwent visual acuity tests, anterior and posterior segment examinations, and various other investigations. Data was collected during the first year concerning their parents' use of spectacles, duration of indoor activity near work, and outdoor activity, and progression was tracked during the second year. Statistical software SPSS 23.0 version was used to tabulate and analyze the data.Amongst714 children between the age 0 – 15 years, myopia was seen in 19.9% subjects. Amongst those with myopia, 28% showed progression. In those showing progression, 50% belonged to 11 – 15-year age group, a female predilection of 64.3%, 50% with parental history of refractive error, 71.4% subjects were involved in &#62; 2 hours/day of indoor active near work and 57.1% subjects were involved in &#60; 2 hours/ day of outdoor activity. In subjects with progression of myopia, 71.4% had an increase in axial length of &#60; 1 mm. While in subjects less than 10 years of age, steeper cornea was a more common factor for progression as compared to increase in axial length, seen in 57.1% cases.Myopia progression in the growing age group is inversely correlated with time spent engaging in outdoor activity, on the other hand, it shares a strong positive correlation with time spent on indoor active near work. Corneal curvature plays a more significant role in progression of myopia as compared to axial length in younger age group.
Effect of chlorhexidine mouth rinse in force decay of closed, short and long elastomeric chain - An in vitro study
Authors: Sam Rohan Jacob , Mishra Vaibhav , Yadav Ashish , Yadav Deepanshi , Joshi Divya , Martina Kshetrimayum 
Published: December 2022

: Elastomeric chain is one of the most commonly used orthodontic material, Evaluating the force transmission ability of elastomeric chains is essential so that orthodontists can estimate the actual force transferred to the dentition. The aim of this study was to assess effect of chlorhexidine mouth rinse on force decay of continuous, short and long elastomeric chain in chlorhexidine mouth wash. : The sample consisted three commercially available Orthodontic elastomeric chain (American Orthodontics, clear) such as continuous, short and long. These elastomeric chains were analysed with one experimental group and one control group. In control group all the three types of chain were dipped in distilled water for 30 second every day while in experimental group these elastomeric chains were dipped in mouth wash (Clohex Mouth Wash ADS) for 30 second every day. The result was tested by digital dynamometer and was statistically evaluated using ANOVA test. : Continuous elastomeric chain showed least force decay in both experimental and control group throughout the study. In the inter group comparison there was significant difference of force decay between elastomeric chains with the control group and experimental group in the 3 week in both continuous and short elastomeric chain, experimental group showed more force decay.: Mouthwash does not accelerate force degradation of elastomeric chains which could clinically affect their effectiveness. However, the results could be variable in the presence of other biological factors in the oral environment and their interactions between oral microorganisms with the host.
Evaluation of torque expression with varied bracket positions and varying crown-root angles of maxillary central incisor – A 3 dimensional finite element study
Authors: Batni Sushmita , Shetty Vikram , Manasawala Taher , Mujumdar Devashree 
Published: December 2022

To evaluate the torque expression of right permanent maxillary central incisor with varying bracket positions and to compare the torque expression of the same tooth with different crown-root angulations. Finite Element Models of Maxillary Central Incisor were used for simulation of torque expression with various crown-root angles. Three FEM models of a Maxillary Central Incisor with different crown-root angles (170˚,175˚,180˚, and 165°) were constructed with varying bracket heights and subjected to a 30° labial root torque and the resultant torque expressions were evaluated. The model with the maximum variation in crown-root angle (165˚) showed the maximum torque expression at 6mm and minimum at 3mm bracket height while the model with a minimum variation in crown-root angle (180°) showed the minimum torque expression both and 3mm and 6mm bracket height. With increase in the crown-root angles of a tooth, the torque expression away from the incisal edge increases.
Метафорика и интертекстуальность: ещe раз об изоморфизме и функционировании (на материале русской и белорусской поэзии)
Authors: Кураш Сергей 
Published: December 2022

Цель исследования – охарактеризовать изоморфизм метафорики и интертекстуальности, выявить конкретно-языковые формы воплощения интертекстуальных метафор, представлен­ные в языке русской и белорусской поэзии преимущественно ХХ века. С опорой на труды оте­чественных и зарубежных учeных освещается проблема межтекстового и межкультурного поэ­тического взаимодействия. Изоморфизм метафорики и интертекстуальности ведeт к теснейше­му союзу этих двух феноменов; диалогизирующие в поэтической речи метафоры претерпевают те или иные структурно-смысловые изменения как в пределах языка одной национальной ли­тературы, так и во взаимодействии разных национальных литературно-поэтических традиций.
Методы исследования – структурно-функциональный, компонентный, контекстный и оппозитивный анализ.
Результаты исследования. Раскрывается действие тропеического механизма за преде­лами текста-источника. Выявлены и систематизированы разнообразные приeмы языковой реализации интертекстового диалога в русской и белорусской поэзии на уровне тропа (про­должение, разветвление метафорического образа, его отрицание и др.).
Выводы, перспективы исследования. Сделан вывод о единстве литературно-культурного континуума, в пределах которого диалогизируют как традиционные, так и уникальные, ин­дивидуально-авторские метафорические тропы русских и белорусских поэтов. Активное вза­имодействие метафорики и интертекстуальности во многом объясняется их изоморфизмом. Предложенный подход может служить рабочей моделью для исследования иных элементов образной структуры поэтического текста как фигурантов интертекстового диалога.
Surgical castration in dogs: does the incision approach influence postoperative recovery?
Authors: Brunn Ariel 
Published: December 2022

PICO question
In male dogs undergoing surgical castration, does a pre-scrotal approach in comparison to a scrotal approach lead to a superior recovery, in terms of duration of postoperative pain and/or reduced post-operative complications?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Treatment.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
Two prospective clinical trials were critically appraised.
Strength of evidence
Weak.
Outcomes reported
Woodruff et al. (2015) evaluated postoperative recovery in 206 dogs following surgical castration using a scrotal incision in comparison to 231 dogs using a pre-scrotal approach. Complications observed in order of frequency, included: incisional swelling; haemorrhage; pain; and self-trauma, however, apart from self-trauma, complications were not influenced by incision location. Dogs castrated using a scrotal approach had reduced odds of self-trauma (OR: 0.51, P = 0.04, 95% CI 0.27–0.97). Moreover, mean duration of surgery was faster for the scrotal versus the pre-scrotal approach (3.6 minutes, P<0.01, 95% CI 3.38–3.82 versus 5.1 minutes, 95% CI 4.86–5.41).
Miller et al. (2018) evaluated complication rates following open or closed castration using a scrotal approach in 400 shelter dogs under the age of 6 months. Complications involving intra-operative bleeding were not observed, while marginal rates of post-operative events were reported, including peri-incisional dermatitis (2.3%), skin bruising (1.0%), and swelling (0.3%). No self-trauma or rescue analgesia was recorded. In comparing surgical time, the mean duration was 1 minute ± 0.2 minutes in dogs undergoing scrotal surgery, in comparison to canine patients undergoing the same procedure using a pre-scrotal approach, where the mean duration was 3.5 minutes ± 0.4 minutes.
Conclusion
The outcomes of these two studies imply that a scrotal incisional approach in canine castration is at least no worse in the first 24 hours than a traditional pre-scrotal approach and may also reduce mean duration of surgery. However, limitations to the evidence do not permit a firm conclusion and it also remains unclear whether these advantages persist in the longer postoperative period. Further research is needed to confirm initial findings suggested here.

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Pompa istasyonunun kablosuz sensör ağı ile uzaktan yönetimi
Authors: MERİÇ Mehmet Kamil 
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada sulama pompa istasyonunun uzaktan izlenmesini ve kontrolünü sağlayacak kablosuz sensör ağı kontrol kartı (düğüm noktası) donanım ve yazılımının tasarlanması ve saha testi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Pompa istasyonunda ölçülmesi planlanan parametrelere bağlı olarak prototip PCB tasarımı ve üretimi yapılmış, farklı geliştirme ortamları kullanılarak gömülü yazılım tasarlanmış ve saha testi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Test sırasında pompa üzerindeki statik ve dinamik su yüksekliği 130.8 - 78 m. arasında değişmiştir. Çıkış basıncının değişimi ile debide ve pompa üzerindeki su yüksekliğinde değişimler gözlenmiş, toplam 7598 m3 su hacmi kaydedilmiştir. Faz ile nötr arası gerilimin her faz için 215 - 235 volt arasında değiştiği, akımın ise pompaların tahrik edildiği anda sıçramalar gösterdiği, stabil çalışma koşullarında ise 72 amper civarında kaldığı belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Elde dilen bulgular, geliştirilen kablosuz sensör ağı kontrol kartının donanım ve yazılımının sulama amacıyla kullanılan pompaların izlenmesinde ve kontrolünde kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
Effects of different levels of water and nitrogen applications on the yield and quality of oregano (Origanum onites L.)
Authors: TOKUL Hatice Eda , BAYRAM Emine 
Published: December 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to reveal the changes that will occur as a result of different water and nitrogen applications in the drug herb yield, drug leaf yield and essential oil ratios of Tayşi 2002, Ceylan 2002 cultivars belonging to oregano (Origanum onites L.).
Material and Methods: In order to meet the objective given above, a study was conducted in Bornova ecological conditions in 2012 and 2013 and the varieties (Tayşi 2002, Ceylan 2002) of the oregano (Origanum onites L.) plants developed in the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture were used. Experiments included 4 different (S1,S2,S3,S4) irrigation applications along with the 2 different nitrogen applications 80 kg/ha nitrogen (N80) and nitrogen-free (N0). The data obtained in two years (2012-2013) were then evaluated.
Conclusion: As a result, on the study it was found that nitrogen applications alone did not have an effect. It was also determined that the yield values increased with the increase in the amount of irrigation applied, but the essential oil ratios decreased.
BIOTURBATORS AS ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS: ASSESSING CURRENT MODELS
Authors: LAING BRITTANY A. , BUATOIS LUIS A. , MÁNGANO M. GABRIELA , MINTER NICHOLAS J. , STROTZ LUKE C. , NARBONNE GUY M. , BROCK GLENN A. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Bioturbating organisms can dramatically alter the physical, chemical, and hydrological properties of the sediment and promote or hinder microbial growth. They are a classic example of “ecosystem engineers” as they alter the availability of resources to other species. Multiple evolutionary hypotheses evoke bioturbation as a possible driver for historical ecological change. To test these hypotheses, researchers need reliable and reproducible methods for estimating the impact of bioturbation in ancient environments. Early efforts to record and compare this impact through geologic time focused on the degree of bioturbation (e.g., bioturbation indices), the depth of bioturbation (e.g., bioturbation depth), or the structure of the infaunal community (e.g., tiering, ecospace utilization). Models which combine several parameters (e.g., functional groups, tier, motility, sediment interaction style) have been proposed and applied across the geological timescale in recent years. Here, we review all models that characterize the impact of bioturbators on the sedimentary environment (i.e., ‘ecosystem engineering'), in both modern and fossil sediments, and propose several questions. What are the assumptions of each approach? Are the current models appropriate for the metrics they wish to measure? Are they robust and reproducible? Our review highlights the nature of the sedimentary environment as an important parameter when characterizing ecosystem engineering intensity and outlines considerations for a best-practice model to measure the impact of bioturbation in geological datasets.
Adherence to the Exercise Program in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Undergoing Haemodialysis at a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: V Vijay Samuel Raj , Mangalvedhe Prashanth V , Shetty Manjunath S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered as one of the current public health problem, associated with increased mortality rates. People with CKD have a greater chance of having a decreased function and quality of life (QoL). It’s important to keep one active and healthy at the same time encourage and incorporate exercises and physical activity.
Methods: The objectives are to evaluate the adherence to exercise programme by patients diagnosed with CKD undergoing dialysis and to identify potential barriers to patient adherence to exercise program. The observational study was carried out in a tertiary hospital at dialysis unit. Total 42 patients undergoing dialysis as outpatients in a tertiary hospital completed the study. The baseline outcome measures of joint range of motion and maximum repetition rate (MRR) testing selected muscles were checked. Strengthening exercises for using resistance band were carried out during haemodialysis and a home exercise program (HEP) was taught to the patients to be followed on the remaining five days of the week. At the end of three months, adherence to the exercise was evaluated through questionnaire.
Results: At the end of 12 weeks 52% adhered to exercises during dialysis and 48% at Home Exercise Program (HEP)
Conclusions: Adherence to strengthening exercise programme in patients undergoing haemodialysis as out-patients in a tertiary hospital is average. It is clinically essential to take the adherence in to consideration while prescribing exercise program in patients undergoing dialysis.
The influence of human leukocyte antigen class I loci -A, -B, -C, and class II HLA-DRB1 alleles in a Brazilian HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) population and association with disease outcome and proviral load
Authors: Schor Doris , Porto Luís Cristóvão , Roma Eric Henrique , Castro-Alves Julio , Villela Anna Paula , Araújo Abelardo Q. C. , Bonecini-Almeida Maria da Gloria 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Around ten million people are infected with HTLV-1 worldwide, and 1–4% develop HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), characterized by an important degeneration of the spinal cord, that can lead to death. Distinct HLA alleles have been associated with either HAM/TSP susceptibility or protection. However, these HLA alleles set may change according to the population studied. Brazil is the second country in the number of HTLV-1 infected people and there are few reports addressing the HLA influence on HTLV-1 infection as well as on disease outcome. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of HLA alleles as a risk factor for HAM/TSP and the proviral load (PVL) levels, clinical progression, and death outcomes in an admixed Brazilian population. The HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 were genotyped in 375 HTLV-1-infected individuals divided into asymptomatic carriers (AC) (n = 165) and HAM/TSP (n = 210) in a longitudinal cohort from eight to 22 years of follow-up. The alleles HLA-A*68 and -C*07 were related to HAM/TSP risk in multivariate analysis. The alleles HLA-A*33, and -A*36 were associated with protection against disease progression in HAM/TSP patients, while HLA-B*37, -C*12, -C*14, and -DRB1*08 were associated with increased risk of death. In the AC group, the presence of HLA-B*45, -B*47, -B*58, -C*06 and -DRB1*15 alleles influenced an increased PVL, in an adjusted linear regression model, while -A*30, -A*34, -B*40, -C*06, -C*17 and -DRB1*09 alleles were associated with increased PVL in HAM/TSP group compared to HAM/TSP individuals not carrying these alleles. All these alleles were also related to increased PVL associated with clinical progression outcome. Increased PVL associated with the death outcome was linked to the presence of HLA-A*30. PVL has been associated with HLA, and several alleles were related in AC and HAM/TSP patients with or without interacting with clinical progression outcomes. Understanding the prognostic value of HLA in HAM/TSP pathogenesis can provide important biomarkers tools to improve clinical management and contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic interventions.
Development and Evaluation of a Rapid, Specific, and Sensitive Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay to Detect Tenacibaculum sp. Strain Pbs-1 Associated with Black-spot Shell Disease in Akoya Pearl Oysters
Authors: Sakatoku Akihiro , Suzuki Takaya , Tatamiya Yuri , Seki Makoto , Tanaka Daisuke , Nakamura Shogo , Isshiki Tadashi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Black-spot shell disease decreases pearl quality and threatens pearl oyster survival. Establishment of a rapid, specific, and sensitive assay to detect Tenacibaculum sp. strain Pbs-1 associated with black-spot shell disease is of commercial importance. We developed a rapid, specific, and highly sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to detect Tenacibaculum sp. Pbs-1 in Akoya pearl oysters Pinctada fucata. A set of five specific primers (two inner, two outer, and a loop) were designed based on the 16S–23S internal spacer region of strain Pbs-1. The optimum reaction temperature was 63°C, and concentrations of the inner and loop primers were 1.4 µM and 1.0 µM, respectively. The LAMP product can be detected using agarose gel electrophoresis, and the color change in the reaction tube can be detected visually (by the naked eye) following the addition of malachite green. Our assay proved to be specific for strain Pbs-1, with no cross-reactivity with five other species of Tenacibaculum. The detection limit of the LAMP assay at 35 min is 50 pg, and at 60 min it is 5 fg. We evaluated the LAMP assay using diseased and healthy pearl oysters. The results demonstrate the suitability and simplicity of this test for rapid field diagnosis of strain Pbs-1.