bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging immunomodulatory treatment responses in a multiple sclerosis mouse model using hyperpolarized 13C metabolic MRI
Authors: Guglielmetti Caroline , Cordano Christian , Najac Chloé , Green Ari J. , Chaumeil Myriam M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent years, the ability of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including T1 contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI, to monitor high-efficacy therapies and predict long-term disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been challenged. Therefore, non-invasive methods to improve MS lesions detection and monitor therapy response are needed.

Methods
We studied the combined cuprizone and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (CPZ-EAE) mouse model of MS, which presents inflammatory-mediated demyelinated lesions in the central nervous system as commonly seen in MS patients. Using hyperpolarized 13C MR spectroscopy (MRS) metabolic imaging, we measured cerebral metabolic fluxes in control, CPZ-EAE and CPZ-EAE mice treated with two clinically-relevant therapies, namely fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate. We also acquired conventional T1 CE MRI to detect active lesions, and performed ex vivo measurements of enzyme activities and immunofluorescence analyses of brain tissue. Last, we evaluated associations between imaging and ex vivo parameters.

Results
We show that hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate conversion to lactate is increased in the brain of untreated CPZ-EAE mice when compared to the control, reflecting immune cell activation. We further demonstrate that this metabolic conversion is significantly decreased in response to the two treatments. This reduction can be explained by increased pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and a decrease in immune cells. Importantly, we show that hyperpolarized 13C MRS detects dimethyl fumarate therapy, whereas conventional T1 CE MRI cannot.

Conclusions
In conclusion, hyperpolarized MRS metabolic imaging of [1-13C]pyruvate detects immunological responses to disease-modifying therapies in MS. This technique is complementary to conventional MRI and provides unique information on neuroinflammation and its modulation.
A Quaternary mixed oxide protective scaffold for ruthenium during oxygen evolution reaction in acidic media
Authors: Piñeiro-García Alexis , Wu Xiuyu , Rafei Mouna , Mörk Paul Jonathan , Gracia-Espino Eduardo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProton exchange membrane water electrolysis is widely used in hydrogen production, but its application is limited by significant electrocatalyst dissolution at the anode during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The best performing electrocatalysts to date are based on ruthenium and iridium oxides, but these experience degradation even at moderate cell potentials. Here we investigate a quaternary Sn-Sb-Mo-W mixed oxide as a protective scaffold for ruthenium oxide. The acid-stable mixed oxide consists of an interconnected network of nanostructured oxides capable of stabilizing ruthenium into the matrix (Ru-MO). In combination with titanium fibre felt, we observed a lower degradation in the oxygen evolution reaction activity compared to unprotected ruthenium oxide after the electrochemical stress test. The superior stability of Ru-MO@Ti is attributed to the presence of MO which hinders the formation of reactive higher valence ruthenium (Ru+8). Our work demonstrates the potential of multi-metal oxides to extend the lifetime of the OER active metal and the titanium support.
Multi‐band glass‐integrated bandpass filters for new radio (NR) communications
Authors: Webb Jeremy , Psychogiou Dimitra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA class of multi‐band bandpass filters (BPFs) based on glass‐integrated multi‐resonant cells (MRCs) are reported. Each MRC comprises multiple in‐parallel connected series‐type resonators that create passbands in‐between transmission zeros (TZs)—located at the resonators’ resonance. The MRCs can be combined in multi‐stage configurations to create high‐order multi‐band transfer functions or used in the RF input and output ports of a conventional transversal multi‐band BPF to enhance its selectivity by adding poles and TZs without increasing its size. A compact integration concept using high‐Q 3D integrated‐passive devices (IPDs) is used for the realization of sub‐6‐GHz multi‐band BPFs. For practical validation purposes: (1) a tri‐band BPF with passbands centred at 1.58, 2.07, 2.83 Hz and fractional bandwidths (FBWs): 10.9, 9.06, 10% respectively and in‐band insertion loss (IL) between 2 and 2.8 dB and (2) a dual‐band BPF with passbands centred at 2 and 2.9 GHz with FBW 14.9% and 16.14% we manufactured and tested.
Direct average torque control of switched reluctance generator
Authors: Hancco Catata Elmer O. , de Paula Marcelo V. , dos Santos Neto Pedro J. , Ruppert Filho Ernesto , Luque Carcasi Diodomiro B. , dos Santos Barros Tarcio A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are few pieces of research on switched reluctance generator (SRG) that accomplish optimal performance torque control, most prefer to use voltage, speed, or power control strategies. This paper proposes a direct average torque control (DATC) for SRG applied to wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The SRG is driven by an asymmetric half‐bridge converter (AHB), and an external chopper regulates the DC‐bus voltage. In the DATC strategy, the switching logic is modified, so that the machine operates in the generator mode. The dynamic behavior of an artificial neural network (ANN)‐based and the conventional co‐energy‐based torque estimation methods are discussed. Thereafter, the proposed DATC is compared to the direct power control (DPC) strategy. For both strategies, lookup tables are created to store the optimal switching angles. These lookup tables are optimized to achieve a trade‐off between torque ripple minimization and efficiency maximization. Experimental results show that the DATC strategy presents a lower torque ripple than the DPC method over the entire speed range. In contrast, DPC delivers superior efficiency for low and medium speeds.
Optimal planning of distribution network with transactive energy: Review and framework
Authors: Xiang Yue , Yao Haotian , Yang Jianping , Dai Jiakun , Liu Junyong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the emergence of distributed energy resources (DER) and prosumers in the distribution networks, the traditional centralised operation structure has transformed into the decentralised operation and transaction structure, which is regarded as the transactive energy market. Furthermore, the planning problem in the distribution network is deeply affected by the transactive energy market. First, the literature and studies on distribution network planning with DERs are reviewed. Moreover, the multi‐stakeholder operation and planning framework under the transactive energy market are analysed. The transactive energy market provides a peer‐to‐peer (P2P) transaction for third‐party prosumers. Several techniques for multi‐stakeholders planning and P2P transaction are introduced. Finally, a tri‐layer distribution network expansion planning (DNEP) framework integrated with virtual P2P transactions is proposed and analysed to accommodate uncertainties and postpone investment. The key technology and difficulties are also discussed.
A novel hyperbolic tangent sliding mode observation of vehicle lateral force fed back by longitudinal force error
Authors: Wang Yunchao , Huang Siyi , Zhou Shurong , Liu Yun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe tyre lateral force control is crucial to vehicle lateral stability. Vehicle side slip and out of control can be prevented effectively by observing accurately the lateral force. Thus, a novel quasi‐sliding mode observer (QSMO) is proposed. The algorithm adopts the longitudinal tyre force error as feedback considering vehicle parameter uncertainties and without a complex tyre model. First, the on‐line verification of the algorithm was carried out by dSPACE for using the experimental data of the real vehicle linear acceleration and deceleration conditions, and comparison of experimental output with different observation algorithms. Further, the simulation under emergency obstacle avoidance conditions and the double‐line shifting conditions were conducted to verify the accuracy of the algorithm respectively. Simulation results show that the percentage errors between the tyre lateral forces from the proposed QSMO and the actual data are less than 5.35%, and the prediction accuracy of the QSMO by 38.78% is higher than that of the conventional first‐order SMO (FSMO), which indicates that the QSMO is superior to the FSMO.
Dependency of high-mass satellite galaxy abundance on cosmology in Magneticum simulations
Authors: Ragagnin A. , Fumagalli A. , Castro T. , Dolag K. , Saro A. , Costanzi M. , Bocquet S. 
Published: May 2023

Context. Observational studies carried out to calibrate the masses of galaxy clusters often use mass–richness relations to interpret galaxy number counts.
Aims. Here, we aim to study the impact of the richness–mass relation modelled with cosmological parameters on mock mass calibrations.
Methods. We build a Gaussian process regression emulator of high-mass satellite abundance normalisation and log-slope based on cosmological parameters Ωm, Ωb, σ8, h0, and redshift z. We train our emulator using Magneticum hydrodynamic simulations that span different cosmologies for a given set of feedback scheme parameters.
Results. We find that the normalisation depends, albeit weakly, on cosmological parameters, especially on Ωm and Ωb, and that their inclusion in mock observations increases the constraining power of these latter by 10%. On the other hand, the log-slope is ≈1 in every setup, and the emulator does not predict it with significant accuracy. We also show that satellite abundance cosmology dependency differs between full-physics simulations, dark-matter only, and non-radiative simulations.
Conclusions. Mass-calibration studies would benefit from modelling of the mass–richness relations with cosmological parameters, especially if the satellite abundance cosmology dependency.
Winking filaments due to cyclic evaporation-condensation
Authors: Zhou Yuhao , Li Xiaohong , Hong Jie , Keppens Rony 
Published: May 2023

Context. Observations have shown that some filaments appear and disappear in the Hα line wing images periodically. There have been no attempts to model these “winking filaments” thus far.
Aims. The evaporation-condensation mechanism is widely used to explain the formation of solar filaments. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, how multi-dimensional evaporation-condensation in an arcade setup invariably causes a stretching of the magnetic topology. We aim to check whether this magnetic stretching during cyclic evaporation-condensation could reproduce a winking filament.
Methods. We used our open-source code MPI-AMRVAC to carry out 2D magnetohydrodynamic simulations based on a quadrupolar configuration. A periodic localized heating, which modulates the evaporation-condensation process, was imposed before, during, and after the formation of the filament. Synthetic Hα and 304 Å images were produced to compare the results with observations.
Results. For the first time, we noticed the winking filament phenomenon in a simulation of the formation of on-disk solar filaments, which was in good agreement with observations. Typically, the period of the winking is different from the period of the impulsive heating. A forced oscillator model explains this difference and fits the results well. A parameter survey is also done to look into details of the magnetic stretching phenomenon. We found that the stronger the heating or the higher the layer where the heating occurs, the more significant the winking effect appears.
Exercise Resistance Band induced injuries during Covid 19
Pandemic Lockdown Training
Authors: Heyn Johannes , Strohm Peter , Schöffl Volker 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic forces athletes to perform their workout at home with alternative training methods. Exercise resistance bands, often used for this purpose, can cause damage when they recoil or tear. Potentially resulting injuries include bruises, head injuries, lacerations, facial fractures and eye injuries. The following article presents two case reports including accident mechanism, injuries, diagnostic evaluation and treatment.The first patient presented with an open depressed skull fracture caused by a recoiling exercise resistance band, while the second patient sustained a complex ocular trauma caused by a tearing exercise resistance band when performing supported chin-ups.
Die Rolle von Schlafproblemen in der muskuloskelettalen
Physiotherapie – Teil 1
Authors: Runge Nils , Suckow Melanie 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungPatient*innen in der physiotherapeutischen Praxis klagen häufig
über Schlafprobleme. Die momentane Studienlage zeigt, dass ein direkter
Zusammenhang zwischen einem gestörten Schlaf und Schmerz bestehen kann.
Weiterhin können Schlafprobleme ein Hindernis für die
Rehabilitation von Schmerzproblematiken darstellen. Aus diesen Gründen
ist es für Physiotherapeut*innen wichtig, ein grundlegendes
Verständnis von Schlafphysiologie, häufigen Schlaferkrankungen
und der Therapie von Schlafproblemen zu haben. In diesem Fachwissenartikel haben
die Autor*innen relevantes Grundlagenwissen sowie Informationen zu
klinischen Aspekten wie der Schlafanamnese und Therapie von Schlafproblemen
zusammengetragen.
Investigation of Serum Phoenixin-14 Concentration in Pregnant Women
Diagnosed with Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Çimenli Sümeyye , Kale İbrahim , Muhcu Murat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship between the hyperemesis
gravidarum (HG) and maternal serum phoenixin-14 (PNX-14) concentrations.
Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 88
pregnant women who applied to the Umraniye Training and Research Hospital
Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between February 2022 and October 2022. The HG
group consisted of 44 pregnant women diagnosed with HG between the 7th and 14th
gestational weeks, and the control group consisted of 44 healthy pregnant women
matched with the HG group in terms of age, BMI, and gestational week.
Demographic characteristics, ultrasound findings, and laboratory outcomes were
noted. The two groups were compared in terms of maternal serum PNX-14
concentrations.
Results Gestational age at blood sampling for PNX-14 was similar in both
groups (p=1.000). While maternal serum PNX-14 concentration was
85.5 pg/ml in the HG group, it was 71.3 pg/ml in
the control group (p=0.012). ROC analysis was performed to determine the
value of maternal serum PNX-14 concentration in terms of predicting HG. AUC
analysis of maternal serum PNX-14 for HG estimation was 0.656 (p=0.012,
95% CI=0.54–0.77). The optimal cutoff value for maternal
serum PNX-14 concentration was determined as 79.81 pg/ml with
59% sensitivity and 59% specificity.
Conclusion In this study, maternal serum PNX-14 concentration was found to
be higher in pregnant women with HG, which indicates that high serum PNX-14
concentrations may have an anorexigenic effect on food intake in pregnancy.
Concentrations of other PNX isoforms in HG and changes in PNX concentrations in
pregnant women with HG who regained weight after treatment remain to be
investigated.
Lower back pain scale and return to sports in elite Taekwondo
athletes with lower back injuries
Authors: Jung Tae Gyeom , Park Ki Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives This study compares back pain scale, functionality, and ability
to return to sport according to sex for Taekwondo athletes with lower back
injuries.
Methods The study included 52 elite adolescent Taekwondo athletes (26 in
both male and female groups), who participated in advanced competitions at a
training camp between January and December 2021. The lower back pain scale,
Modified Oswestry Disability Index, isokinetic muscular function, and recovery
time according to sex were assessed using an independent sample t-test.
Pearson's correlation and simple linear regression analyses were used to
evaluate the correlation between variables, and identify factors associated with
pain.
Results The lower back pain scale (p=0.003) and recovery time
(p=0.018) significantly differed between the sexes. In all athletes, the
pain scale was significantly correlated with the Modified Oswestry Disability
Index (p<0.001) and recovery time (p<0.001). For each point
increase in the pain scale, the Modified Oswestry Disability Index increased by
3.01 (p=0.001) and 3.25 (p=0.013) for males and females,
respectively. In addition, recovery time increased by 1.70 days
(p<0.001) and 1.98 days (p<0.001) in males and females,
respectively.
Conclusion These results may help generate the data needed to develop
rehabilitation programs that improve an athlete’s performance.
Synthesis of Heterocycles from Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes: A Five-Year Recap
Authors: Deepthi Ani , B. Meenakshy C. , Mohan Maneesh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis review discusses the utility of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) for the construction of heterocycles. In addition to (3+2), (3+3), and (4+3) cycloaddition pathways, nucleophilic ring-opening reactions, intramolecular transformations, and cycloisomerizations in the presence of suitable catalysts pave the way for the generation of heterocycles from DACs. The mild reactions conditions employed and the variety of starting materials that can be used as reaction partners make the DAC route for heterocycle synthesis attractive. The literature covered in this review is from the period 2018 to 2023.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles2.1	By Annulations with Anthranils and Azadienes2.2	By Nucleophilic Attack of Anilines and Hydrazones2.3	By Reaction with Ureas and Thioureas2.4	By Annulation Reactions Using an Azomethine Imine2.5	By Reaction with Other Nitrogen Heterocycles2.6	By Other Transformations3	Synthesis of Oxygen Heterocycles3.1	By Intramolecular Transformations3.2	By Intermolecular Reactions4	Synthesis of Sulfur and Selenium Heterocycles4.1	By Reaction with Thiocarbonyl Substrates4.2	By Reaction with Thio- and Selenocyanates and Thiosulfonate Salts5	Synthesis of N–S and N–O Heterocycles6	Conclusions
Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Alkoxyallenes Using Monofluorinated Nucleophiles
Authors: Yu Jin-Sheng , Liao Ling , Zhao Zhi-Peng , Gu Bo-Ning , Zhou Jian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA branch-selective hydroalkylation of alkoxyallenes with monofluorinated nucleophiles was developed using palladium catalysis, allowing construction of valuable α-monofluoroalkylated allylic ethers. Notably, this represents the first catalytic hydrofluoroalkylation of alkoxyallenes. The practicability of this method is highlighted by its broad substrate scope and diversified product elaborations. Initial investigation of the asymmetric variant could afford chiral fluorine-containing allylic ethers with up to 68% ee.
Perinatal Morbidity in Healthy Obese Pregnant Individuals Delivered by Elective Repeat Cesarean at Term
Authors: Fleenor Rebecca E. , Harmon Duncan T. , Gazi Melissa , Szychowski Jeff , Harper Lorie M. , Tita Alan T.N. , Subramaniam Akila 
Published: May 2023

Objective This study aimed to compare the risks of adverse perinatal outcomes by body mass index (BMI) categories in healthy pregnant individuals delivered by term elective repeat cesarean (ERCD) to describe an optimal timing of delivery in otherwise healthy patients at the highest-risk BMI threshold.
Study Design A secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of pregnant individuals undergoing ERCD at 19 centers in the Maternal–Fetal Medicine Units Network from 1999 to 2002. Nonanomalous singletons undergoing prelabor ERCD at term were included. The primary outcome was composite neonatal morbidity; secondary outcomes included composite maternal morbidity and individual components of the composites. Patients were stratified by BMI classes and to identify a BMI threshold for which morbidity was the highest. Outcomes were then examined by completed week's gestation, between BMI classes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results A total of 12,755 patients were included in analysis. Patient's with BMI ≥ 40 had the highest rates of newborn sepsis, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, and wound complications. While a weight-related response was observed between BMI class and neonatal composite morbidity (p < 0.001), only those with BMI ≥ 40 had significantly higher odds of composite neonatal morbidity (aOR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0–1.8). In analyses of patients with BMI ≥ 40 (n = 1,848), there was no difference in the incidence of composite neonatal or maternal morbidity across weeks' gestation at delivery; however, as gestational age approached 39 to 40 weeks, rates of adverse neonatal outcomes decreased, only to increase again at 41 weeks' gestation. Of note, the odds of the primary neonatal composite were the highest at 38 weeks compared with 39 weeks (aOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1–2.0).
Conclusion Neonatal morbidity is significantly higher in pregnant individuals with BMI ≥40 delivering by ERCD. Despite this increased perinatal morbidity, delivery prior to 39 and after 41 weeks in these patients is associated with increased neonatal risks.
Key Points
Retinale Gefäßverschlüsse als Ausdruck eines generalisierten Gefäßleidens
Authors: Feltgen Nicolas , Agostini Hansjürgen 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungRetinale Gefäßverschlüsse stellen nicht nur für das Sehvermögen eine Bedrohung dar, sondern gehen auch mit weiteren systemischen Risikofaktoren und vaskulären Erkrankungen einher. Die
interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit ist bei diesen Erkrankungen von großer Bedeutung. Dabei unterscheiden sich die Risikofaktoren kaum zwischen den arteriellen und venösen retinalen
Verschlüssen, was auf die besondere Anatomie retinaler Gefäße zurückzuführen ist. Zu den wesentlichen zugrunde liegenden Erkrankungen, die im Zusammenhang mit retinalen Gefäßverschlüssen
stehen, gehören die arterielle Hypertonie, ein Diabetes mellitus, eine Fettstoffwechselstörung, kardiale Erkrankungen, insbesondere das Vorhofflimmern oder eine Großgefäßvaskulitis. Jeder
frische retinale Gefäßverschluss sollte deshalb zum Anlass genommen werden, nach Risikofaktoren zu suchen und eine bereits bestehende Therapie eventuell anzupassen, um weitere vaskuläre
Ereignisse zu verhindern.