bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamically Tunable Optical Cavities with Embedded Nematic Liquid Crystalline Networks
Authors: Zubritskaya Irina , Cichelero Rafael , Faniayeu Ihar , Martella Daniele , Nocentini Sara , Rudquist Per , Wiersma Diederik Sybolt , Brongersma Mark L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTunable metal–insulator–metal (MIM) Fabry–Pérot (FP) cavities that can dynamically control light enable novel sensing, imaging and display applications. However, the realization of dynamic cavities incorporating stimuli‐responsive materials poses a significant engineering challenge. Current approaches rely on refractive index modulation and suffer from low dynamic tunability, high losses, and limited spectral ranges, and require liquid and hazardous materials for operation. To overcome these challenges, a new tuning mechanism employing reversible mechanical adaptations of a polymer network is proposed, and dynamic tuning of optical resonances is demonstrated. Solid‐state temperature‐responsive optical coatings are developed by preparing a monodomain nematic liquid crystalline network (LCN) and are incorporated between metallic mirrors to form active optical microcavities. LCN microcavities offer large, reversible and highly linear spectral tuning of FP resonances reaching wavelength‐shifts up to 40 nm via thermomechanical actuation while featuring outstanding repeatability and precision over more than 100 heating–cooling cycles. This degree of tunability allows for reversible switching between the reflective and the absorbing states of the device over the entire visible and near‐infrared spectral regions, reaching large changes in reflectance with modulation efficiency ΔR = 79%.
Bubbling of Ferrofluid Droplets via Coupled Magnetic and Sound Fields
Authors: Liu Kangqi , Gao Yuan , Tang Xiuxing , Zhang Yongjian , Bai Xiaojun , Zang Duyang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBubbles play essential roles in many natural and industrial processes because of the unique effects of their films on heat–mass transfer and their soft confined geometry for interfacial assembly or phase transitions. Here, a technique for noncontact bubbling via coupling of sound and magnetic fields in acoustic levitation is reported. An acoustically levitated ferrofluid droplet can be transformed into a closed bubble in a controlled manner. It has been found that the magnetic field pulls the flattened ferrofluid film downward, and making it deviate from its initial levitation position determined by the balance between acoustic radiation force and gravity. This results in variation in acoustic radiation pressure on the film surface and generates an upwards torque on the levitated film, leading to buckling and subsequent bubble transition via acoustic resonance. Moreover, the levitated ferrofluid bubble can remain unburst in the sound field for minutes to enable its complete evaporation; thus, solid hollow shells form. This work provides insight for understanding the coupled effect of sound and magnetic fields on ferrofluid drops and sheds light on evaporation‐driven self‐assembly of ferrofluid particles into shell structures
Electrostatic Induction Nanogenerator Boosted by One‐Dimensional Metastructure: Application to Energy and Information Transmitting Smart Tag System
Authors: Choi Geon‐Ju , Sohn Sang‐Hyun , Park Il‐Kyu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe recent application of the internet of things demands the ubiquitous utilization of data and electrical power. Even with the development of a wide variety of energy‐harvesting technologies, few studies have reported a device transporting electrical energy and data simultaneously. This paper reports an electrostatic induction nanogenerator (ESING) consisting of a one‐dimensional metastructure that can modulate the output voltage based on the resonance of ultrasound waves to transmit energy and data simultaneously. The ESING device is fabricated using electronegative poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane using a phase inversion process. The output voltage from the ESING device exhibits periodic resonant peaks as the gap between the PVDF membrane and the Al electrode changes, showing an up to 35‐fold difference between the maximum and minimum output voltages depending on the resonance state. The energy and electrical signal can be transmitted simultaneously in free space because the ESING converts energy from high‐frequency ultrasound waves. This paper provides proof of concept for a data and energy‐transferable smart tag device based on ESING devices exhibiting resonant and non‐resonant states. A device consisting of four ESINGs for a 4‐bit signal is implemented to demonstrate 16 signals.
The Gut Microbiome Dynamically Associates with Host Glucose Metabolism throughout Pregnancy: Longitudinal Findings from a Matched Case‐Control Study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sun Zhonghan , Pan Xiong‐Fei , Li Xiao , Jiang Limiao , Hu Ping , Wang Yi , Ye Yi , Wu Ping , Zhao Bin , Xu Jianguo , Kong Mengmeng , Pu Yanni , Zhao Manying , Hu Jianying , Wang Jinfeng , Chen Guo‐Chong , Yuan Changzheng , Yu Yongfu , Gao Xiang , Zhao Fangqing , Pan An , Zheng Yan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThough gut microbiome disturbance may be involved in the etiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), data on the gut microbiome's dynamic change during pregnancy and associations with gestational glucose metabolism are still inadequate. In this prospective study comprising 120 pairs of GDM patients and matched pregnant controls, a decrease in the diversity of gut microbial species and changes in the microbial community composition with advancing gestation are found in controls, while no such trends are observed in GDM patients. Multivariable analysis identifies 10 GDM‐related species (e.g., Alistipes putredinis), and the integrated associations of these species with glycemic traits are modified by habitual intake of fiber‐rich plant foods. In addition, the microbial metabolic potentials related to fiber fermentation (e.g., mannan degradation pathways) and their key enzymes consistently emerge as associated with both GDM status and glycemic traits. Microbial features especially those involved in fiber fermentation, provide an incremental predictive value in a prediction model with established risk factors of GDM. These data suggest that the gut microbiome remodeling with advancing gestation is different in GDM patients compared with controls, and dietary fiber fermentation contributes to the influence of gut microbiome on gestational glycemic regulation.
Current‐Induced Reversible Split of Elliptically Distorted Skyrmions in Geometrically Confined Fe3Sn2 Nanotrack
Authors: Hou Zhipeng , Wang Qingping , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Senfu , Zhang Chenhui , Zhou Guofu , Gao Xingsen , Zhao Guoping , Zhang Xixiang , Wang Wenhong , Liu Junming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSkyrmions are swirling spin textures with topological characters promising for future spintronic applications. Skyrmionic devices typically rely on the electrical manipulation of skyrmions with a circular shape. However, manipulating elliptically distorted skyrmions can lead to numerous exotic magneto‐electrical functions distinct from those of conventional circular skyrmions, significantly broadening the capability to design innovative spintronic devices. Despite the promising potential, its experimental realization so far remains elusive. In this study, the current‐driven dynamics of the elliptically distorted skyrmions in geometrically confined magnet Fe3Sn2 is experimentally explored. This study finds that the elliptical skyrmions can reversibly split into smaller‐sized circular skyrmions at a current density of 3.8 × 1010 A m−2 with the current injected along their minor axis. Combined experiments with micromagnetic simulations reveal that this dynamic behavior originates from a delicate interplay of the spin‐transfer torque, geometrical confinement, and pinning effect, and strongly depends on the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the elliptical skyrmions. The results indicate that the morphology is a new degree of freedom for manipulating the current‐driven dynamics of skyrmions, providing a compelling route for the future development of spintronic devices.
Stretchable, Ultratough, and Intrinsically Self‐Extinguishing Elastomers with Desirable Recyclability
Authors: Xue Yijiao , Lin Jinyou , Wan Tao , Luo Yanlong , Ma Zhewen , Zhou Yonghong , Tuten Bryan T. , Zhang Meng , Tao Xinyong , Song Pingan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAdvanced elastomers are increasingly used in emerging areas, for example, flexible electronics and devices, and these real‐world applications often require elastomers to be stretchable, tough and fire safe. However, to date there are few successes in achieving such a performance portfolio due to their different governing mechanisms. Herein, a stretchable, supertough, and self‐extinguishing polyurethane elastomers by introducing dynamic π–π stacking motifs and phosphorus‐containing moieties are reported. The resultant elastomer shows a large break strain of ≈2260% and a record‐high toughness (ca. 460 MJ m−3), which arises from its dynamic microphase‐separated microstructure resulting in increased entropic elasticity, and strain‐hardening at large strains. The elastomer also exhibits a self‐extinguishing ability thanks to the presence of both phosphorus‐containing units and π–π stacking interactions. Its promising applications as a reliable yet recyclable substrate for strain sensors are demonstrated. The work will help to expedite next‐generation sustainable advanced elastomers for flexible electronics and devices applications.
Water absorption in hollow glass microsphere composites under hydrostatic pressure: Mechanisms and influencing parameters
Authors: Loubrieu Gauthier , Gall Maelenn Le , Priour Daniel , Stewart Gregg , Melot Denis , Gac Pierre‐Yves Le 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHollow glass microsphere composites, or syntactic foams, are widely used in marine environments due to their buoyancy. However, in service, loss of buoyancy occurs along time. This behavior is attributed to water absorption that leads to a mass increase of the material. This study investigates the water absorption of three types of syntactic foams under hydrostatic pressure with density ranging from 0.59 to 0.74 g. cm−3. Water absorption measurements are performed for a maximal duration of 3 years and under hydrostatic pressure up to 700 bars. Results show that water absorption is much higher than expected and attributed to the filling of microspheres that collapse over time. Based on results presented here, prediction of water absorption syntactic foams is proposed including the impact of applied hydrostatic pressure. This prediction allows estimating the buoyancy loss in hollow glass microsphere composite as a function of time, depth and sample size.
The Future of Reverse Osmosis Optimization, Part 1: Intelligent Water
Authors: Alspach Brent , Abada Bilal , Chellam Shankar 
Published: January 2023

Key TakeawaysDesalination is a widely used process in the universal drive to create new water supplies, with systems frequently turning to reverse osmosis (RO) as an affordable treatment technology.Intelligent water models, which use advanced algorithms to analyze large amounts of diverse data, can work in tandem with membrane forensics to boost RO systems’ efficiency.Membrane fouling is a prime candidate for the benefits of intelligent water technologies, which could allow for real‐time analysis and control.Machine learning could gain a foothold in water treatment as its capabilities evolve and applications are understood and accepted.
Drinking Water Emergency Planning and Response in New Hampshire
Authors: Cramton Megan , Berg Sara , Bixler Taler S. , Huang Jingyan , Mo Weiwei 
Published: January 2023

Key TakeawaysEight drinking water industry professionals in New Hampshire were interviewed about their roles and attitudes regarding decision‐making in emergency planning and response.Among the participants, concerns and priorities differed about frequent, well‐understood emergencies and less likely emergencies that had not been previously experienced.There was consensus in terms of the importance of networking and knowing other stakeholders’ capabilities as well as the overall benefits of emergency planning and asset management.
BMP‐2/TGF‐β1 gene insertion into ligament‐derived stem cells sheet promotes tendon–bone healing in a mouse
Authors: Wei Bing , Li Zhuang , Lin Yucheng , Hu Xinyue , Xu Li , Wang Shanzheng , Ji Mingliang , Lu Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) and transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) reportedly induce the osteogenic and tenogenic differentiation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)‐derived stem cells (LDSCs), respectively. However, few studies have investigated the effect of BMP‐2/TGF‐β1 on the differentiation of LDSC. We developed a BMP‐2/TGF‐β1 gene insertion into an LDSC cell sheet that promotes tendon–bone healing in a mouse ACL reconstruction (ACLR) model.CD34+ LDSCs were isolated from human ACL stump tissues, virally transduced to express BMP‐2 or TGF‐β1, and then embedded within cell sheets. All mice underwent ACLR using an autograft wrapped with a cell sheet and were randomly divided into three groups: BMP‐2‐, TGF‐β1‐, and BMP‐2/TGF‐β1‐transduced. At 4 and 8 weeks, tendon–bone healing was evaluated by micro‐CT, biomechanical test, and histological analysis. BMP‐2 and TGF‐β1 promoted the osteogenic and tenogenic differentiation of LDSC in vitro. BMP‐2/TGF‐β1‐transduced LDSC sheet application contributed to early improvement in mean failure load and graft stiffness, accelerated maturation of the tendon–bone junction, and inhibited bone tunnel widening. Furthermore, reduced M1 macrophage infiltration and a higher M2 macrophage percentage were observed in the BMP‐2/TGF‐β1‐transduced LDSC group.This work demonstrated that BMP‐2 and TGF‐β1 promoted CD34+ LDSCs osteogenic and tenogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo, which accelerated the tendon–bone healing after ACLR using autografts wrapped with cell sheets in a mouse model.
Cancer‐related knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors among Hispanic/Latino residents of Indiana
Authors: Espinoza‐Gutarra Manuel R. , Rawl Susan M. , Maupome Gerardo , O'Leary Heather A. , Valenzuela Robin E. , Malloy Caeli , Golzarri‐Arroyo Lilian , Parker Erik , Haunert Laura , Haggstrom David A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer is the leading cause of death for Hispanics in the USA. Screening and prevention reduce cancer morbidity and mortality.MethodsThis study administered a cross‐sectional web‐based survey to self‐identified Hispanic residents in the state of Indiana to assess their cancer‐related knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors, as well as to identify what factors might be associated with cancer screening and prevention. Chi‐square and Fisher's exact test were used to compare associations and logistic regression used to develop both univariate and multivariate regression models.ResultsA total of 1520 surveys were completed, median age of respondents was 53, 52% identified as men, 50.9% completed the survey in Spanish, and 60.4% identified the USA as their country of birth. Most were not able to accurately identify ages to begin screening for breast, colorectal, or lung cancer, and there were significant differences in cancer knowledge by education level. US‐born individuals with higher income and education more often believed they were likely to develop cancer and worry about getting cancer. Sixty eight percent of respondents were up‐to‐date with colorectal, 44% with breast, and 61% with cervical cancer screening. Multivariate models showed that higher education, lack of fatalism, older age, lower household income, and unmarried status were associated with cervical cancer screening adherence.ConclusionsAmong a Hispanic population in the state of Indiana, factors associated with cervical cancer screening adherence were similar to the general population, with the exceptions of income and marital status. Younger Hispanic individuals were more likely to be adherent with breast and colorectal cancer screening, and given the higher incidence of cancer among older individuals, these results should guide future research and targeted outreach.
Classification tree analysis to evaluate the most useful magnetic resonance image type in the differentiation between early and progressed hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ichinohe Fumihito , Komatsu Daisuke , Yamada Akira , Aonuma Takanori , Sakai Ayumi , Shimizu Marika , Kurozumi Masahiro , Shimizu Akira , Soejima Yuji , Uehara Takeshi , Fujinaga Yasunari 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimUsing classification tree analysis, we evaluated the most useful magnetic resonance (MR) image type in the differentiation between early and progressed hepatocellular carcinoma (eHCC and pHCC).MethodsWe included pathologically proven 214 HCCs (28 eHCCs and 186 pHCCs) in 144 patients. The signal intensity of HCCs was assessed on in‐phase (T1in) and opposed‐phase T1‐weighted images (T1op), ultrafast T2‐weighted images (ufT2WI), fat‐saturated T2‐weighted images (fsT2WI), diffusion‐weighted images (DWI), contrast enhanced T1‐weighted images in the arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (PVP), and the hepatobiliary phase. Fat content and washout were also evaluated. Fisher's exact test was performed to evaluate usefulness for the differentiation. Then, we chose MR images using binary logistic regression analysis and performed classification and regression tree analysis with them. Diagnostic performances of the classification tree were evaluated using a stratified 10‐fold cross‐validation method.ResultsT1in, ufT2WI, fsT2WI, DWI, AP, PVP, fat content, and washout were all useful for the differentiation (p < 0.05), and AP and T1in were finally chosen for creating classification trees (p < 0.05). AP appeared in the first node in the tree. The area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity for eHCC, and balanced accuracy of the classification tree were 0.83 (95% CI 0.74–0.91), 0.64 (18/28, 95% CI 0.46–0.82), 0.94 (174/186, 95% CI 0.90–0.97), and 0.79 (95% CI 0.70–0.87), respectively.ConclusionsAP is the most useful MR image type and T1in the second in the differentiation between eHCC and pHCC.
Relationships between parental mental illness and/or offending and offspring contact with the police in childhood: Findings from a longitudinal record‐linkage study
Authors: Athanassiou Ulrika , Green Melissa J. , Tzoumakis Stacy , Whitten Tyson , Laurens Kristin R. , Harris Felicity , Carr Vaughan J. , Dean Kimberlie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundParental offending and mental illness are associated with an increased risk of criminal behaviour in offspring during adolescence and adulthood, but the impact of such problems on younger children, including children's experiences of victimisation, is less well known.AimTo investigate the associations between parental offending and mental illness recorded prior to their offspring's age of 5 years and their offspring's contact with police as a ‘person of interest’, ‘victim’ or ‘witness’ between ages 5 and 13 years.MethodsOur sample consisted of 72,771 children and their parents drawn from the New South Wales Child Development Study, an Australian longitudinal population‐based record linkage study. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between parental factors and offspring's police contact. Separate models examined the relationships between maternal or paternal offending and mental illness, as well as the combination among either or both parents, as the independent variables, and their child's police contact as the dependent variable.ResultsParental offending and mental illness were each individually associated with indices of police contact among offspring. Stronger associations were observed when both offending and mental illness were present together (in either parent, or when one parent had both exposures). Stronger associations were evident for mothers with both factors across all offspring police contact types, relative to fathers with both factors, in fully adjusted models; that is, children of mothers with both factors were over four times as likely to have contact with police as a ‘person of interest’ (OR = 4.29; 95% CI = 3.75–4.92) and over three times as likely to have contact as a victim (OR = 3.35; 95% CI = 3.01–3.74) or witness (OR = 3.58; 95% CI = 3.03–4.24), than children whose mothers had no history of offending or mental illness.ConclusionsChildren with a parental history of offending and mental illness in early life are at an increased likelihood of early police contact as young as 5–13 years of age; it is vital that this is taken as a signal to help them and their affected families according to need.
Repairable, Recyclable, and Regenerable Macrocycle Organic Polymer†
Authors: Liu Yifan , Chen Yuanyuan , Wu Huacan , Chen Xiaowei , Wang Donghui , Zhang Xiaocheng , Zheng Shiya , Ling Yao , Liang Baoshuai , Chen Jiamao , Dong Yu , Huang Weiguo 
Published: January 2023

Comprehensive SummaryCovalent/metal organic frameworks are highly attractive due to their tunable structure and properties, and broad applications in multiple fields. However, they still suffer from numbers of drawbacks including low solubility, harsh synthesis and fabrication, and low mechanical flexibility. Herein, we report a new organic framework consisting of macrocycles and organic frames in its periodic structure, and denote it as macrocycle organic polymer (MOP). The size‐tunable macrocycles containing peripheral furan units are synthesized by anionic ring‐opening polymerization, which undergo a reversible Diels‐Alde reaction with bismaleimide to generate/degrade MOPs at given temperatures. Relying on above features, MOPs exhibit excellent flexibility, healable ability and recycle ability. Interestingly, owing to the “living” nature of anionic ring‐opening polymerization, MOPs can self‐grow into bigger sizes in the presence of monomer and catalysis, analogs to the living creatures. Moreover, their high porosity and rich thioether structure enable them as good metal ion absorbers and promising applications in wearable electronics.
Consumption and mineral profile of Cochlospermum spp. root powder: A traditional food ingredient in Sudanian zone of Benin (West Africa)
Authors: Affonfere Marius , Chadare Flora Josiane , Madode Yann Emeric , Fassinou Finagnon Toyi Kévin , Keding Gudrun B. , Azokpota Paulin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCochlospermum spp. root powder is widely used by local populations in Sudanian zone of Benin as food ingredient. This study aims at documenting the mineral profile of Cochlospermum spp. root powder and the consumption frequencies of foods enriched with this species in the three phytodistricts of Sudanian zone of Benin. A consumption frequency survey was conducted among 449 women of reproductive age and their children (n = 406) aged 6 to 59 months. Processing follow‐up was performed among twelve (12) selected processors per phytodistict and samples were collected for minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, P, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn) analysis. Results showed that most (>75%) women and their children consumed foods enriched with Cochlospermum spp. root powder at least two times per day. The mineral contents (expect Ca and P) of Cochlospermum spp. root powder do not vary significantly according to phytodistricts. High mineral content was obtained for iron (54.1 ± 21.5 mg/100 g dry weight) and calcium (573.7 ± 98 and 802.5 ± 49.9 mg/100 g dry weight, respectively in Atacora Chain and Northern Borgou phytodistricts). Cochlospermum spp. root powder could be used to alleviate iron and calcium deficiencies among populations. Further studies should focus on the bioavailability of minerals and anti‐nutrients content of this plant food.