bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National Technology Initiative and modern economic shocks
Authors: Medvedev V. V. , Ragutkin A. V. , Fedchenkova Yu. A. 
Published: March 2023

One of the important macro programs for the development of modern Russia is the National Technology Initiative. It brings together many different projects aimed at accelerating innovative development, building the potential of Russia’s technological leadership in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. Changes in the macroeconomic situation due to anti-Russian sanctions require clarification of the mechanisms for implementing the National Technology Initiative. This determines the relevance of the article. The purpose of the study is to consider the essence and direction of these changes. It is shown that in the current economic and political situation, the most promising are projects aimed at forming an independent technological basis for Russia’s development, ensuring the country’s technological sovereignty. This requires a revision of the previously established limits for budget financing of projects of the National Technology Initiative, both in terms of volume and timing of its allocation. There is also a need for the next round of prioritization, which will make the forecast and planned characteristics of the National Technology Initiative more appropriate to the current situation.
Discrepancia en el Classroom Environment Scale (CES) entre docentes y estudiantes de EFL en la educación superior
Authors: Albán Neira María Lorena , Argudo Garzón Antonio 
Published: March 2023

Resumen
El estudio del clima de aula percibido por estudiantes y docentes a nivel de primaria y secundaria es abundante, sin embargo, las herramientas probadas en este medio son escasamente puestas a prueba en el ámbito universitario. El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Classroom Environment Scale (CES) en el ámbito universitario, así como evaluar la concordancia entre docentes y estudiantes. La versión del instrumento responde a la escala reducida propuesta por Prado Delgado et al. (2016). Para ello se aplicó esta escala en un número de 94 estudiantes y 5 docentes de una universidad privada en la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Se aplicó un análisis factorial exploratorio y un análisis factorial confirmatorio, así como se evaluó la fiabilidad de la herramienta y la concordancia en la evaluación que hacen estudiantes y docentes. Los resultados demuestran que, con excepción de las dimensiones de afiliación e implicación, no se cumple con un ajuste adecuado para declarar validez y fiabilidad del constructo en la población universitaria. Por otro lado, en lugar de probar la concordancia se comprueba que existe discrepancia en la evaluación que hacen estudiantes y docentes. Se plantean alternativas que podrían mejorar un proceso de adaptación del CES al ámbito universitario.
Palabras clave: CES, clima de aula universitario, concordancia, discrepancia
Settlement Improvement of Weak Soil of Natural Moisture Content by Using Geogrid Reinforcement Under Different Dynamic Load
Authors: Al-Alaei Sawsan J. , Mahmod Raid Aziz , Al-Adili Aqeel Sh. 
Published: March 2023

One of new method to improve the bearing capacity of weak soil is by using geosynthetic reinforcement materials that has become more common in past 40 years for a number of applications to reduce the cost of maintences by increasing design life. This study concerned with the behavior of weak soil and the amount of settlement that happened when the soil exposed to different weight load with different number of blows . Field and laboratory tests done to calculate soil settlement. For experimental tests a model with dimension (150×75×75cm) has been manufactured, clayey silty sand soil in model exposed to different dynamic weight by using load with ( 4.5kg), load with (7.5kg) and load with (10kg). Each load strick the soil with 9 5 and 10) blows during an experiment for each dynamic load. 12 Laboretory experiments were conductedon 38 test points, 6 experiments done on soil without geogrid and 6 experiments done on soil with geogrid that included 19 test point for each case.
The experiments tests show that by increasing the weight load and increasing in number of blows settlement increase in both cases ( without and with geogrid). The experiments show that by using geogrid the settlement decrease comparison with the amount of soil settlement without geogrid. By using geogrid and exposed to weight loads ( 4.5, 7.5 and 10kg.) with No. of blows = 5 the average percent in settlement decrease 1.2, 2.1,1.7%) and with No. of blows =10 for the same loads the average percent of settlement decrease (1.8, 2.7, 2.7%).
‘We are no longer prepared to be silent’
Authors: Seurujärvi-Kari Irja 
Published: March 2023

In April 2008, at the annual session of the Permanent Forum for Indigenous Issues in New York, indigenous peoples celebrated the adoption of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (2007). The approval of the UN Declaration was seen as a symbol of the beginning of the end of marginalization and an opportunity for indigenous peoples to govern issues related to their lives. However, the UN Declaration does not define who indigenous peoples are, instead providing them with the right to identify themselves as indigenous peoples according to their own traditions and customs without it leading to discrimination, with the result that the concept has raised considerable debate in research. This article traces the history of the international indigenous movement and the emergence of indigenous identity as a valued status with material and spiritual significance, with a particular focus on the Sámi, using as data the experiences of key indigenous players in the struggle for international recognition.

Keywords: indigenous identity, indigenous rights, international indigenous movement, Sámi
Care and Connectivity in Labour Migration
Authors: Leifsen Esben , Tymczuk Alexander 
Published: March 2023

Until quite recently notions of kinship have been treated as localized modes of social organization and classification systems. Moreover, as forms of organization and as ideational relational structures, kinship systems have been considered to exist outside colonial administrations and economies, nation states and the market. An early non-typical example going against this trend is Esther Goody’s study of fosterage practices among West-Africans in London. Her study is a prolongation of studies she carried out in Ghana on different types of institutionalized child-care arrangements which implied child circulation (Goody 1982). The study of fosterage, wardship and apprenticeship practices in West Africa has contributed to a newer research current which thematically links West Africa, the Pacific region, the Caribbean and parts of Latin America. Situations of multi-local families and kinship groups, relational and changeable socialities and the circulation of children have been shown by ethnographic accounts and social history studies to exist parallel and prior to the period when conditions of economic globalization turned transnational migration into a relevant research topic. Ethnographic insight from these studies can contribute to the study of kinship and the structuring of kinship relations in transnational contexts.
Prevention Behavior of COVID -19 Transmission in Productive Age
Authors: Taufik Ahmad , Harahap Solahuddin , Siregar Kaaf Wajiah , Hasibuan Yustika Anggraini , Hasibuan Nur Fadilah , Siregar Yuni Harmila 
Published: March 2023

<p><em>The coronavirus attacks the human respiratory tract. A person can get infected by a Covid-19 patient. The disease can spread through small droplets from the nose or mouth when coughing or sneezing. Transmission of the COVID-19 virus has two main ways, namely through respiratory droplets and contact. Respiratory droplets are produced when a person coughs or sneezes. Everyone in close contact (within a 1 m radius) with a person showing symptoms of respiratory distress (coughing, sneezing) is at risk of being exposed to respiratory droplets that may cause infection. Droplets can also fall onto surfaces where the virus remains active. A total of 93% of Medan city residents have implemented mask-wearing behavior. </em><em> Seventeen respondents (56.7%) use a hand sanitizer constantly, 15 respondents (29.4%) use a hand sanitizer sometimes, and 28 respondents (54.9%) never use a hand sanitizer. According to the data shown in table 4 above, seven respondents (90%) always use physical separation, compared to one respondent (10%) who never does so. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we aim to continue to increase our body's immune system and maintain personal hygiene to avoid various diseases and the Covid-19 virus. We also hope for constructive criticism and suggestions from our friends so that the article we have created meets expectations and is useful for all of us</em></p>
Analisis Usaha Budidaya Pembesaran Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Desa Jembayan Kecamatan Loa Kulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Ambara Yudha , Helminuddin  , Gunawan Bambang Indratno 
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to analyze the business feasibility of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) grow-out farms in Jembayan Village, Loa Kulu, Kutai Kartanegara. Sampling was done using the Purposive Sampling technique with a total respondent of 15 people. The data analysis method used quantitative analysis, while the business feasibility analysis used Revenue, Income, Break-Even Point (BEP), Revenue Cost Ratio (RCR), Payback Period (PP), and Return On Investment (ROI).
The result showed that the Nile tilapia grow-out farm business gained revenue of IDR 14,272,000/Production or IDR 42,816,000/year and received an income of IDR 7,867,576/Production or IDR 23,602,729/year. The result of calculating the Nile tilapia grow-out farm business was feasible to be maintained with a BEP in sales of IDR 12,256,078 and a BEP in units of 738 kg, while a BEP selling price of IDR 17,822/kg. The result of calculating the Nile tilapia grow-out farm business showed that it was feasible to be maintained and developed with an average value of RCR of 1.80. The result of calculating PP for identifying the amount of time required to recoup the funds expended for investment was 1.4 years and an ROI of 70.6%. Therefore, the Nile tilapia grow-out farm is feasible to be operated since the ROI percentage is higher than the interest percentage of Bank BRI of 6%/year (deposit interest rate of Bank BRI in 2021).
Analisis Finansial Usaha Pembenihan Ikan Pada Kondisi Pandemi Covid-19 Di Desa Ponoragan Kecamatan Loa Kulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Jeklin  , Abdusysyahid Said , Juliani  
Published: March 2023

The research objective is to determine the technical and management aspects, feasibility hatchery business, the difference in the income of cultivator in the conditons of the covid-19 pandeic and before the covid-19 pandemic, as well as knowing the obstacles and solutions fish hatchery business in Ponoragan Village. The research was carried out from September 2021 to March 2022 in Ponoragan Village, Loa Kulu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. A sample of 20 respondents with reference to the method purposive sampling.
The results showed that the technical aspects consisted of pond preparation, selection of broodstock, spawning, stocking of larvae, rearing nener and harvesting seeds. The management functions used by hatchery cultivators are planning, implementation and monitoring management functions. Then, based on the criteria of BCR, NPV, IRR, BEP and Payback Period, it shows that the fish hatchery business in Ponoragan Village is feasible to run. The results of the T-test showed that there was a significant difference between the income of cultivators before and during the covid-19 pandemic, as well as the problems faced by hatchery cultivators, namely weather, pests and varieties. The solution is that farmers make fences from nets around the pond to prevent flooding, while for pests, farmers make snares from threads that are pulled on each side above the pond.
STRATEGI PERKEMBANGAN USAHA RUMAH AMPLANG “BAROKAH” KELURAHAN LOK TUAN KECAMATAN BONTANG UTARA
Authors: KURNIAWATI SINTYA NURUL , Abdusysyahid Said , Sugiharto Eko 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRAK
SINTYA NURUL KURNIAWATI, 2022. Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Rumah Amplang “Barokah” di Kelurahan Lok Tuan Kecamatan Bontang Utara (Dibimbing oleh Said Abdusysyahid dan Eko Sugiharto).

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Rumah Amplang “Barokah” Kelurahan Lok Tuan Kecamatan Bontang Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sejak Januari 2021 sampai dengan Maret 2022 di Kelurahan Lok Tuan Kecamatan Bontang Utara. Sampel sebanyak 10 responden dengan mengacu pada pertanyaan yang telah ditentukan berupa kuisioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil dari IFAS dan EFAS, dapat diketahui total nilai untuk IFAS adalah sebesar 0,845 dan untuk nilai EFAS adalah sebesar 0,258. Pada matrik SWOT didapatkan beberapa alternatif strategi dengan cara menggunakan kekuatan untuk memanfaatkan peluang dan menggunakan kekuatan untuk menghindari ancaman. Pada diagram analisis SWOT diketahui Usaha Rumah amplang “Barokah” terletak pada kuadran I artinya ini merupakan situasi bahwa usaha ini memiliki kekuatan dan berpeluang, meskipun di sisi lain usaha ini menghadapi beberapa kendala dan kelemahan. Strategi yang harus diterapkan dalam kondisi ini adalah Growth Strategi atau strategi pertumbuhan.
Facemask Use During Graded Exercise Testing in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Minimal Concern
Authors: Hoehing Kellie N. , Murrell Kadeeja S. , Fitzpatrick Rowan A. , Keteyian Steven J. , Zuhl Micah N. , Nelson Rachael K. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundGraded exercise testing (GXT) is a fundamental component of the diagnosis/treatment of patients with suspected/known cardiovascular disease (CVD). Amid the current pandemic, patients must wear a facemask during GXTs, yet the impact of facemask use on peak values from a GXT has not been evaluated in individuals at increased risk of developing CVD. The objective is to examine potential differences in peak values obtained from a GXT performed under facemask versus no facemask conditions among adults at increased risk for CVD.MethodsUsing a randomized, crossover study design, 16 adults at moderate risk for developing CVD completed 2 trials (facemask versus no facemask). Peak speed, grade, heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion were recorded during a Modified Bruce Treadmill GXT for each trial. Peak speed and grade were used to estimate peak oxygen consumption (Vo2peak) and peak metabolic equivalents of task (Vo2peak/3.5).ResultsTotal exercise time (17:10 ± 2:04 versus 15:58 ± 1:51 minutes, P = 0.0005), peak HR (170 ± 11 versus 164 ± 11 b·min−1, P = 0.01), estimated Vo2peak (42.3 ± 8.9 versus 36.8 ± 6.6 mL·kg−1·min−1, P = 0.005), and peak metabolic equivalents of task (12.2 ± 2.6 versus 10.5 ± 1.9, P = 0.005) were higher during the no facemask versus the facemask trial. Peak rating of perceived exertion was similar between trials (18.1 ± 1.3 versus 18.3 ± 1.2, P = 0.84).ConclusionFacemask use had a significant but modest clinical impact on hemodynamic responses during a GXT among moderate risk adults.
Prevalence of Rheumatic Heart Disease in Mathagadi Village Development Committee of Palpa District
Authors: Bhattarai Anil , Shrestha Bibhush , Devbhandari Ruchi , Tripathee Sabin 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is increasing burden of these diseases especially when it comes to a developing country like Nepal. The survey was done to determine the prevalence of Rheumatic heart disease and its burden.
Methods: A Community based cross sectional study was done as a part of a demographic survey conducted among the residents of Mathagadi VDC of Palpa district. Cardiac auscultation and transthoracic echocardiography were performed. Abnormal findings on auscultation (murmurs, abnormal heart sounds) were further evaluated with the help of screening echocardiography by Cardiologist.
Results: Out of total 2795 people screened, 37 individuals were found to have RHD, confirmed with a 2D echocardiographic findings. Mitral regurgitation was found to be the predominant lesion with 13 cases.
Conclusion: The study revealed a large of proportion of cardiovascular diseases in Mathagadi VDC. It became clear that due to lack of proper health services, a large of number of cases may be either undiagnosed or under treated.
Dorsal medullary cavernous hemangioma presenting as obstinate hiccups and its surgical treatment: illustrative case
Authors: Puppala Sumirini , Acharya Abhijit , Dash Atmaranjan , Choudhury Surjyaprakash S. 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND
Hiccups are characterized by involuntary, intermittent, repetitive, myoclonic, and spasmodic contractions of the diaphragm. Hiccups are termed “intractable” when they last for over 1 month.

OBSERVATIONS
A rare case of intractable hiccups due to an uncommon location of cavernous hemangioma in the dorsal medulla is illustrated. With respect to the management, surgical excision was performed, and postsurgical complete recovery was witnessed, which has been reported only in six cases worldwide to date.

LESSONS
A mechanism of the hiccups reflex arc is discussed in detail with special reference to the need for equal emphasis on evaluating central nervous system causes and peripheral etiologies for pertinent hiccups.
Robotics planning in minimally invasive surgery for adult degenerative scoliosis: illustrative case
Authors: Pennington Zach , Brown Nolan J. , Quadri Saif , Pishva Seyedamirhossein , Kuo Cathleen C. , Pham Martin H. 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND
Minimally invasive surgical techniques are changing the landscape in adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery, enabling surgical correction to be achievable in increasingly medically complex patients. Spinal robotics are one technology that have helped facilitate this. Here the authors present an illustrative case of the utility of robotics planning workflow for minimally invasive correction of ASD.

OBSERVATIONS
A 60-year-old female presented with persistent and debilitating low back and leg pain limiting her function and quality of life. Standing scoliosis radiographs demonstrated adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS), with a lumbar scoliosis of 53°, a pelvic incidence–lumbar lordosis mismatch of 44°, and pelvic tilt of 39°. Robotics planning software was utilized for preoperative planning of the multiple rod and 4-point pelvic fixation in the posterior construct.

LESSONS
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report detailing the use of spinal robotics for complex 11-level minimally invasive correction of ADS. Although additional experiences adapting spinal robotics to complex spinal deformities are necessary, the present case represents a proof-of-concept demonstrating the feasibility of applying this technology to minimally invasive correction of ASD.
Over Time and Space: Hybrid Rangeland Governance in Amdo Tibet
Authors: Tsering (Huadancairang) Palden 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Hybrid land governance, mosaics, polycentrism have become ways to describe contemporary rangeland settings - ways of responding to uncertainties through flexible institutions, overlapping boundaries and an assembled, plural bricolage of practices. However, this is frequently thought to be recent, often arising from more formal, regulated systems, whether state, private or communal, and with well-defined land tenure regimes. This paper argues that hybridity (in various forms) has always been present in Amdo Tibet, despite the political changes over time and space. Hybridity is a necessary response to uncertainty and central to the utilisation of variable resources, which is the core strategy of pastoralism. Yet the form of hybridity varies as it must be constructed in particular historical circumstances, constrained by political economic conditions between the feudal, collectivist, liberalised eras. Today's hybridity - and so contemporary rangeland use and management strategies - must be understood in this historical context, as an accretion of practices and strategies that have emerged over different eras.
Biochemical composition of goat milk depending on the season of the year
Authors: Voronina O. A. , Savina A. A. , Kolesnik N. S. , Rykov R. A. , Zaitsev S. Yu. 
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Goat milk is a valuable product in human nutrition. However, the diversity of biologically active compounds in its composition is subject to the influence of a variety of factors, including seasonal climatic changes.Materials and methods. Analysis of the biochemical parameters of goat milk was performed using the MilkoScan 7/Fossomatic 7 DC analytical system (Denmark) and MilkoScan 7, a spectrophotometer based on Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the «Microsoft Excel» program using the Data Analysis package. The significance of differences between seasons was assessed using the critical values of Student's t-test.Research results. Significant differences were established between True Protein in June 3.06 ± 0.07% (p ≥ 0.01), August 3.17 ± 0.12% (p ≥ 0.05) relative to October 4.37 ± 0.15%. Total Protein in April 2.92 ± 0.05% (p ≥ 0.01), June 3.28 ± 0.06% (p ≥ 0.001), August 3.37 ± 0.11% (p ≥ 0.01) relative to October 4.44 ± 0.14%. SOMO in April 8.17 ± 0.10% (p ≥ 0.05), June 8.42 ± 0.10% (p ≥ 0.001), August 8.39 ± 0.16% (p ≥ 0.001) relative to October 9.75 ± 0.14%. Caseins in April 2.21 ± 0.06% (p ≥ 0.01), June 2.51 ± 0.06% (p ≥ 0.001), August 2.56 ± 0.09% (p ≥ 0.001) relative to October 3.55 ± 0.12%. Seasonal changes most often occur in the composition of milk proteins: the mass fraction of true and total protein, caseins.
Changes in individual diagnostic markers of carbohydrate, lipid and mineral metabolism in dairy cows due to feeding
Authors: Krupin E. O. , Shakirov Sh. K. 
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Any changes in the functional processes in the body of cows are reflected in the biochemical parameters of their blood. In highly productive animals, the energy costs in the postpartum period for the formation of lactation are not covered by the volume of feed consumed. The lack of energy is compensated by the internal reserves of the body, which causes the catabolic nature of metabolism. The consequence of a violation of protein, carbohydrate-fat and vitamin-mineral metabolism in general is a change in the hormonal status of the body, which negatively affects the reproductive function and leads to a decrease in milk productivity.Methods. The formation of animal groups and methodological techniques for setting scientific and economic experience were performed according to A. Ovsyannikov. The diets, the composition of the premix and the tested feed additive are designed using the program «Optima expert» («Cormersurs», Russia) the needs of milking cows in nutrient and biologically active substances were determined by A. Kalashnikov, V. Fisinin, V. Shcheglov and others. In the blood serum, the content, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, general calcium, and the unorganic focoria on the semi-automatic biochemical analyzer with the BS-3000M cuvette were determined. The results were processed biometrically, the reliability of the differences was evaluated by the Students t-criterion.Results. The maximum increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood was observed in cows of the third group (7.93%) (p < 0.05), cholesterol – in cows of the second group (24.43%). The content of triglycerides in animals of the control group decreased by 25.00% (p < 0.05). The level of calcium in the blood serum of animals was a tendency to increase. The most pronounced increase was observed in individuals of the third group. In animals of experimental groups, the level of fosphor inorganic decreased.