ETHNIC TOURISM AS A PROSPECTIVE DIRECTION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY OF THE LVIV REGION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL RISKS
Authors: Dnistrianska Natalia 
Published: August 2023

The prospects for the development of ethnic tourism in Lviv region in the conditions of quarantine and armed resistance to russian aggression are revealed. At the same time, ethnic tourism is considered as the use of cultural resources of ethnic minorities of Ukraine in tourist activities, including visits by tourists to places of concentration of monuments of traditional culture and life of ethnographic groups of the Ukrainian people, i.e. ethnographic tourism. It is concluded that the motivations of ethnic tourism in general and ethnographic tourism in particular are both the desire for tourists to visit places of their historical residence, and the desire to learn about the cultural characteristics of various peoples and ethnographic groups.
Considering the modern mainly monoethnic character of Lviv region, ethnographic tourism has every reason to become the basis of ethnic tourism in the region. The informational prerequisite for the organization of ethnographic tourism is ethnographic zoning, taking into account the peculiarities of Ukrainian traditional construction and local dialects, which made it possible to distinguish five ethnographic districts: Boyko`s, Pidighiria`s, Nadsyannia`s, Roztotchia-Opillia`s, Pobuzia-Styrs`s. Within each of these districts, important objects for the development of ethnographic tourism have been identified. Thus, wooden churches, bell towers, museums, and artistic woodwork are of the greatest importance in the Boyko`s ethnographic district. The peculiarity of the Pidigiria ethnographic district is the wide spread of folk arts and crafts (shoemaking, ceramics, embroidery), traditional production, in particular, salt. A characteristic feature of Nadsiania is the noticeable Polish influence on the traditional culture of the Ukrainian people, which is due to both the geographical location and the placement of individual Polish settlements, which gives Ukrainian traditional culture (embroidery, carpet making, traditional sacred construction) a special flavor. The Roztotchia-Opillia ethnographic district occupies a central geographical position in the region and concentrates significant resources for the development of ethnographic tourism, among which the Museum of Folk Architecture and Life in Lviv is of leading importance. Within the boundaries of this district there are notable ancient settlements that already attract large groups of tourists , and centers of weaving and carpet making, ceramics, as well as unique temples. The Pobuzia-Stirs`s ethnographic district is located in the central-northern plain part of the region and has many common features with ethnographic Volyn. Landmarks of traditional sacral construction have been preserved within this district, which are of great touristic attractiveness.
Various cultural objects of defensive, residential and sacred purpose, connected with the residence of representatives of ethnic minorities (Poles, Jews, Armenians, Germans) in the region in the past, have every reason to be the objects of interest of foreign and Ukrainian tourists in Lviv region. On the basis of the interconnected use of ethno-cultural resources of the region, it is already possible to plan tourist routes of various lengths, taking into account the possibility of combining different types of tourism, as well as the basic importance of such nodal tourist and recreational centers as Lviv, Truskavets, Morshyn.
Keywords: ethnic tourism, ethnographic tourism, cultural and tourist resources, ethnographic regions of Lviv region, cultural sights of ethnic minorities in Lviv region.