bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity and Specificity Tests of Hemoglobin Examination Between Hemoglobinometer and Hematology Analyzer on Pregnant Mothers
Authors: Arbie Nurul Widowaty , Rita Amini Warastuti  , Adnan Malaha  
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity test of hemoglobin examination on pregnant women using Hemoglobinometer and Hematology Analyzer devices. The research method used a quantitative approach with the type of research being analytic observational research.
The type of data used was primary data in the form of research results and secondary data in the form of data obtained from literature, books and documents. The sampling technique in this study was a purposive sampling technique, with a total sample of 73 people taken from the Kota Utara Public Health Center and Toto Kabila Regional General Hospital.
The results showed that the hemoglobinometer has a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 100%, while the hematology analyzer has a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 100%.
Spatial Distribution and Management of Muturu Cattle in Southwest Nigeria: Implications for genetic conservation
Authors: Ajayi F. T. , Akintayo O. I. , Tiamiyu A. K. , Omodele T. , Omotoso S. O. 
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to identify the production locations of the Muturu breed of cattle which is an indigenous breed in Nigeria. The breed is endangered as the population has been reducing with time. To reverse this trend and enhance its conservation and renew production, its distribution and production constraints need to be documented. A survey was conducted in sixteen communities in Southwest Nigeria where sixty-eight Muturu cattle farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using simple statistics. Results revealed that the age range of the rearers was between 31 and 60 years and majority of them are males (88.2%) with over 20 years experience. Many of the farmers had no formal training in cattle rearing and management while 4.4% had training in cattle production. The primary occupation of the rearers (63.9%) is farming while 36.1% had other vocations apart from Muturu cattle farming. The farmers (55.8%) flock-mate their cattle while 27.9% of the farmers tether-mated their cattle. Average herd size was four, a low figure in relation to the few farmers rearing the Muturu breed in Southwest Nigeria. In order for this endangered cattle breed not to go extinct, efforts must be made towards its genetic conservation.

Cette étude visait à identifier les lieux de production de la race bovine Muturu qui est une race indigène au Nigeria. La race est en voie de disparition car la population a diminué avec le temps. Pour inverser cette tendance et améliorer sa conservation et renouveler sa production, ses contraintes de distribution et de production doivent être documentées. Une enquête a été menée dans seize communautés du sud-ouest du Nigeria où soixante-huit éleveurs de bétail Muturu ont été interrogés à l'aide d'un questionnaire structuré. Les données obtenues ont été analysées à l'aide de statistiques simples. Les résultats ont révélé que la tranche d'âge des éleveurs se situait entre 31 et 60 ans et que la majorité d'entre eux étaient des hommes (88,2 %) ayant plus de 20 ans d'expérience. Beaucoup d'agriculteurs n'avaient aucune formation formelle en élevage et gestion de bétail tandis que 4,4% avaient une formation en production bovine. L'occupation principale des éleveurs (63,9%) est l'agriculture tandis que 36,1% ont d'autres vocations en dehors de l'élevage bovin Muturu. Les agriculteurs (55,8 %) s'accouplent avec leur bétail tandis que 27,9 % des agriculteurs s'accouplent avec leur bétail. La taille moyenne des troupeaux était de quatre, un chiffre faible par rapport aux quelques agriculteurs élevant la race Muturu dans le sud-ouest du Nigeria. Pour que cette race bovine menacée ne disparaisse pas, des efforts doivent être faits pour sa conservation génétique.
Mission Critical ESG and the Scope of Director Oversight Duties
Authors: Shapira Roy 
Published: February 2023

Corporations are facing increased scrutiny over how they treat their stakeholders and society at large. Failing to address key environmental, social, and governance (ESG) concerns may generate significant blowback, making it harder for corporations to attract talent, access capital, and sell products. ESG concerns have thus become a major source of reputational and financial risk for companies and their shareholders. One way for shareholders to hold managers personally accountable for being inattentive to critical ESG risks is by filing a derivative action on behalf of the company, claiming that managers breached their oversight duties (Caremark duties). Until recently, corporate legal scholars have dismissed this possibility, reasoning that oversight duties are generally unenforceable. That reasoning is no longer valid. In the past two years, Delaware courts have revamped their Caremark framework. The courts are now increasingly willing to apply heightened scrutiny to directors’ efforts, and increasingly willing to grant shareholders access to internal company documents in order to investigate failure-of-oversight claims. There can no longer be any question about Caremark’s relevance, but there remains a question about Caremark’s scope. Would the courts be as willing to apply heightened scrutiny and provide access to pre-suit discovery when the case concerns nonlegal risks? In other words, do directors face personal liability for how their companies treat the environment, diversity, and privacy, even when such behaviors are not punishable by law?
This Article examines the evolving scope of director oversight duties and makes three contributions. First, the Article synthesizes the caselaw to clarify that the relevant question when determining Caremark’s scope is not whether a risk is “legal” or “reputational,” but rather whether the risk is “critical” to the company’s success. The Article’s second contribution is to build an analytical framework for distinguishing between ESG risks that are critical (and thus subject to a realistic Caremark liability threat) and those that are not. The Article then applies the framework to concrete ESG concerns, such as cybersecurity, climate change, and sexual misconduct. Finally, the Article evaluates the social desirability of extending Caremark to oversight of nonlegal risks. The key disadvantage of doing so is that it increases the costs of judicial hindsight bias, while the key advantage is that it counterbalances the flaws of other ESG enforcement mechanisms. The Article concludes that courts should adopt a more judiciable approach when scrutinizing board oversight of nonlegal risks.
THE CONTENTS OF SOME CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OF LEAVES AND STEMS OF SOME HERBAL PLANTS (THYMY, ROSEMARY, SALVIA, MARJORAM AND HYBRID TEA ROSE) AT AL-GABAL AL-AKHDER REGION ,LIBYA .
Authors: Idres. Hasan Hamad. M. , El-Mehdawy Mariea Farage , K.Saad Eman. 
Published: February 2023

This study was carried out to determine the chemical composition of five different types of herbal plants collected from Al-Gabal Al-Khder region (Libya). Both of leaves and steams of each plant were selected during this investigation.
The samples collected during winter and spring (2013) and including (Thymy, Rosemary, Salvia, Marjoram and Hybrid tea rose). The total lipid content, Natural Fibers, total protein addition to the acidic Fibers were measured.
The obtained data showed that, the contents of total Protein, Natural fibers, acidic fibers and total Lipid contents of the leaves were (19%, 60.12 %, 14.2% and 6.70%) , respectively. While the contents of the studied compounds of steam samples were (6.53%, 51.2%, 38.4% and 3.84%), respectively. The study concluded that the leaves containing high values of the investigated compounds compared with the steams samples,
SEMIGROUPS IN TERMS OF INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY BI-IDEALS
Authors: Saleem Kholoud. W. , Salib Abir. K. , A.Tentush Abrahim.A. 
Published: February 2023

Since Zadeh introduced fuzzy sets in 1965, a lot of new theories treating imprecision and uncertainty have been introduced. Some of these theories are extensions of fuzzy set theory. The concept of 'intuitionistic fuzzy set' (IFS) was introduced by Atanassov as a generalization of the concept fuzzy set by gives both a degree of membership and the degree of non-membership. As for fuzzy sets, the degree of membership is a real number between 0 and 1. This is also the case for the degree of non-membership, and further the sum of these two degrees is not greater than 1. Since fuzzy bi-ideal play an important role in the study of semigroup structures. The purpose of this paper is to initiate and study the intuitionistic fuzzification on the concept of several ideals in a semigroups S and investigate the basic theorem of intuitionistic fuzzy bi-ideals and discuss the relationships of left (resp. right and completely regular) semigroups in terms of intuitionistic fuzzy biideals. For any homomorphisim f from a semigroup S to semigroup T if B= (μB , VB) is an intuitionistic fuzzy bi-ideal of T, then the preimage f-1(B) = (f-1(μB),f-1(VB)) of B under f is an intuitionistic fuzzy bi-ideal of semigroup S.
Neurosarcoidose em gestação: um relato de caso
Authors: Militao Jimmy Harisson Costa , Santos Emerson Batista da Silva 
Published: February 2023

A sarcoidose é uma doença granulomatosa sistêmica que tem uma grande variedade de manifestações que vão desde uma radiografia de tórax anormal assintomática a falência multiorgânica progressiva(1) , complicações neurológicas ocorrem em aproximadamente 5 a 10% dos paciente com sarcoidose. A neurosarcoidose pode afetar todo o sistema nervoso central ou periférico indo de mononeuropatias cranianas, envolvimento hipotalâmico ou hipofisário, cerebral e da medula espinhal(4). Sendo assim um diagnóstico por muitas vezes difícil, onde na literatura ainda carece de casos relatados em gestantes, dessa forma o presente estudo versa sobre o acompanhamento de uma paciente com a patologia acima , acompanhando desde o internamento , parto e puerpério imediato .
Timing of Adverse Events Within 90 Days of Hip Fracture Surgery: A Database Study
Authors: Kammien Alexander J. , Ratnasamy Philip P. , Caruana Dennis L. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Hip fracture surgery is associated with notable morbidity. Understanding the timing of adverse events can inform strategies for prevention and management. Owing to database limitations, many studies have limited postoperative follow-up to 30 days. However, adverse events may not have plateaued by this time. This study evaluated adverse events after hip fracture surgery out to 90 days.

Methods:
Hip fracture surgeries in patients 65 years or older were identified in the 2010 to 2020 Q3 M91Ortho PearlDiver data set using administrative codes. The 90-day incidence and time of diagnosis of 10 common adverse events were determined and used to calculate median, interquartile range, and middle 80% for time of diagnosis. The number of events occurring before and after 30 days was also determined.

Results:
A total of 258,834 hip fracture surgery patients were identified. On average, 70% of adverse events occurred in postoperative days 0 to 30 and 30% occurred in days 31 to 90. The percentage of events in days 31 to 90 ranged from 8% (transfusion) to 42% (wound dehiscence). Compared with patients with a 0- to 30-day adverse event, those with 31- to 90-day adverse events had higher average Elixhauser Comorbidity Index scores (8.6 vs. 7.8, P < 0.001) and a slightly greater proportion of men (31.5% vs. 30.2%, P < 0.001).
For specific adverse events, the time of diagnosis (median; interquartile range; middle 80%) were as follows: transfusion (2 days; 1 to 4 days; 1 to 24 days), acute kidney injury (5; 2 to 26; 1 to 55), cardiac event (9; 3 to 35; 1 to 64), urinary tract infection (13; 3 to 39; 1 to 65), hematoma (14; 6 to 28; 3 to 52), pneumonia (15; 5 to 39; 2 to 66), venous thromboembolism (16; 5 to 40; 2 to 64), surgical site infection (23; 14 to 37; 7 to 56), sepsis (24; 9 to 48; 3 to 71), and wound dehiscence (26; 15 to 41; 7 to 64).

Discussion:
Nearly one-third of 90-day adverse events after hip fracture surgery were found to occur after postoperative day 30. An understanding of the timing of adverse events is important for improving patient counseling and optimizing patient care.
Performance Analysis of Select ESG Funds in India
Authors: Abhishek Dutta  , Baitali Paul  
Published: February 2023

The creation of the “Jones Sustainability Index” in 1999, the “Asia Pacific Index” in 2009 and other indices have made it easier for investors to select companies with a best-in-class approach to ‘economic’, ‘environmental’ and ‘social issues’(ESG). ESG investing is now percolating in response to public demand for ESG investment products and the adoption of ESG by mainstream investors in the West. In line with “United Nation Environmental Programme (UNEP)” in 2014, the Indian government started the process of inducting Sustainable Finance schemes in the Green energy, non-renewable energy, technology hardware, and renewable energy sector mainly through startups in the form of Business Loans to MSME sector by various lending institutions. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the performance of select ESG for 24 months after the outbreak of Covid-19 based on return and risk evaluation. This secondary data-based analysis includes four ESG funds and uses tools like ‘Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)’, ‘Standard Deviation’, ‘Sharpe Ratio’, ‘Treynor Ratio’, ‘Alpha’, ‘Beta’ and ‘coefficient of determination’. The study expects to benefit the stakeholders in choosing appropriate ESG scheme. In terms of ‘CAGR’, ‘Sharpe Ratio’ and ‘Treynor Ratio’ most of the funds have underperformed. Most of the funds are defensive during both time frames. For the entire time the degree of diversification is quite satisfactory for most of the funds.
Penguatan Peran PA (Pengadilan Agama) dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Awaludin Latief 
Published: February 2023

Dewasa ini ekonomi syariah berkembang pesat di Indonesia. Perkembangan ini juga diikuti dengan sengketa keuangan syariah. Dalam rentang waktu 38 tahun terakhir (1972-2012) Peradilan Agama mengalami berbagai perubahan yang berarti. Bahkan mengalami lompatan ketika badan Peradilan Agama berwenang menerima, memutuskan, dan menyelesaikan perkara di bidang ekonomi syari`ah tanpa kontroversi. Penyelesaian sengketa keuangan syariah saat ini berada di bawah yurisdiksi pengadilan agama, sehingga perlu penguatan fungsi pengadilan agama. Penelitian ini membahas masalah bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa keuangan syariah di Indonesia, bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa keuangan syariah dipengadilan agama, dan bagaimana penguatan fungsi peradilan agama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan hukum dan analitis Berdasarkan hasil kajian, disimpulkan bahwa Pengadilan Agama menjadi subjek penyelesaian sengketa keuangan syariah. Proses penyelesaian sengketa keuangan syariah juga didukung oleh regulasi yang mengarah pada proses hukum yang sederhana, cepat dan terjangkau, namun selain dukungan regulasi, diperlukan juga strategi untuk meningkatkan kualitas kelembagaan Keagamaan.
Komunikasi Virtual Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rustandi Ridwan , AS Enjang 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian dilatarbelakangi karena banyak berubahnya tatanan kehidupan terutama dalam aspek komunikasi akibat Pandemi Covid-19. Pandemi ini, menjadikan hampir segala urusan dilakukan melalui daring. Sehingga dapat dianalisis bahwa bagaimana dampak dari pandemi mempengaruhi efektivitas komunikasi virtual dalam kehidupan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Covid-19 dalam komunikasi virtual, dan pemanfaatan media komunikasi virtual pada masa pandemi. Dari hasil riset penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19 memiliki dampak yang cukup besar terhadap komunikasi virtual. Banyak kegiatan yang akhirnya dialihkan melalui media virtual. Seperti sekolah, kursus, les privat, dan bekerja. Semua aspek kegiatan saat ini menjadi bergantung pada media virtual seperti zoom, google meet, classroom, whatsapp, dan tiktok. Minat dan kecanduan para remaja kepada game online pun akhirnya semakin meningkat.
Metode Penelitian yang dipilih oleh penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mendapatkan jawaban dari fenomena sosial yang terjadi. Hasil Analisis diambil dari interpretasi penggambaran penjelasan keterangan dari data yang telah diriset.
FIFA and UEFA’s Reaction to Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Duval Antoine 
Published: February 2023

FIFA and UEFA’s Reaction to Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine. How the neutrality of sport survived the war
Russia invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 had an immediate impact on international sports and was quickly followed with numerous measures directed against Russian and Belarusian teams and athletes. The present piece analyses the legal grounds invoked by FIFA and UEFA to exclude Russian teams from their competitions. It argues that the legal justifications advanced by both federations did not formally depart from their ideal of political neutrality and did not link the suspensions to the illegality of Russia’s war or the human rights violations committed by Russia’s armed forces. Furthermore, it shows that this pragmatic approach was endorsed by the CAS Panel. In conclusion, it offers some critical reflections on the implications of these decisions for the relationship between sports and politics.
Sportsponsoring door onlinegokaanbieders
Authors: Wolterink Hugo 
Published: February 2023

Sportsponsoring door onlinegokaanbieders. Heeft de sportwereld op het verkeerde paard gewed?
Dit artikel behandelt het ontwerpbesluit tot wijziging van de regels rondom ongerichte reclame voor kansspelen op afstand. Het artikel gaat in op de huidige situatie rondom sportsponsoring – eveneens een vorm van ongerichte reclame – in de Nederlandse sport en het buitenland, en bespreekt de gevolgen van het voorgestelde wijzigingsbesluit op de Nederlandse sport(sponsoring). Het artikel besluit met enkele kritische kanttekeningen bij de voorgestelde aanpassingen.
Voorzieningenrechter schorst tenuitvoerlegging landelijk stadionverbod
Authors: Wanders Bob 
Published: February 2023

Voorzieningenrechter schorst tenuitvoerlegging landelijk stadionverbod. Annotatie bij rb. Oost-Brabant (vzr.) 6 oktober 2022, ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2022:4423 (Ajax-supporter/KNVB)
De tenuitvoerlegging van een stadionverbod opgelegd aan een Ajax-supporter is geschorst door de voorzieningenrechter. Aan de beroepsprocedure bij de Commissie Stadionverboden van de KNVB kleefden volgens de voorzieningenrechter fundamentele gebreken. Deze annotatie bespreekt de rechtsverhouding tussen de supporter, de club en de KNVB en de bevoegdheid van de KNVB om op te treden tegen voetbalgerelateerd wangedrag.
Gebrek aan zekerheid nekt Feyenoord City
Authors: IJkelenstam Alexander 
Published: February 2023

Gebrek aan zekerheid nekt Feyenoord City. Annotatie bij ABRvS 26 oktober 2022, ECLI:NL:RVS:2022:3090
In deze annotatie licht de auteur de uitspraak van de Raad van State over het bestemmingsplan Feyenoord City toe. Het bestemmingsplan werd vernietigd wegens gebrek aan zekerheid over de uitvoerbaarheid van de beoogde ontwikkelingen, waaronder een nieuw voetbalstadion. Ook wordt toegelicht hoe een dergelijk scenario voorkomen kan worden.
SUMBER DAYA KOLAGEN DARI TULANG IKAN CAKALANG KATSUWONUS PELANIS DAN TULANG IKAN NILA OREOCHRONIS NILOTICUS
Authors: Nurul Nurul Afriani Arif , Rahmat Irwandi , Rezki  
Published: February 2023

animals with a proportion of about 30% of the total protein in the body as a whole. Fish bones and scales can be used as an alternative source of collagen to replace collagen from land animals such as cattle or pigs due to concerns over issues of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), swine flu and halal issues. The main objective of this study was to isolate collagen and determine the amount of collagen obtained from skipjack and tilapia fish bones. The research was conducted in four stages, namely deproteinization, extraction and freeze drier with proximate analysis. The results show until dry collagen is obtained. The results showed that the collagen obtained from skipjack fish bones was 18.82 and the collagen from tilapia bones was 16.21%.

Abstrak. Kolagen merupakan salah satu jenis protein yang banyak terkandung dalam tubuh hewan dengan proporsi sekitar 30% dari total protein dalam tubuh secara keseluruhan. Tulang dan sisik ikan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber kolagen alternatif untuk menggantikan kolagen dari hewan darat seperti sapi atau babi terkait dengan kekhawatiran isu penyakit Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), flu babi serta kehalalan. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi kolagen dan mengetahui jumlah kolagen yang diperoleh dari tulang ikan cakalang dan tulang ikan Nila. Penelitian dilakukan dalam empat tahap, yaitu deproteinisasi, ekstraksi dan freeze drier dengan analisis proksimat. Hasil menunjukkan hingga diperoleh kolagen kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kolagen yang dapat dari tulang ikan cakalang 18,82 dan kolagen tulang ikan nila adalah 16,21%.
Implicações dos Stakeholders Sociais na Administração Pública Contemporânea
Authors: Borges de Oliveira Emerson Ademir , Aranega Garcia Miguel Angelo 
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo central propor inicial discussão acerca da governança e da responsabilidade corporativa no ambiente na Administração Pública, adjudicando ênfase no conceito administrativo de eficiência e sua relevância para o desenvolvimento nacional. Nesse contexto, a governança desponta no mundo globalizado como uma das novas faces do controle de uma conduta ética, responsável e com vistas à promoção de uma gestão sustentável. Sob a influência desse novo estilo de governança pública pautado em premissas de direito privado, dedicou-se à pesquisa exploratória, a partir de levantamento bibliográfico sobre o tema em questão. Por meio de contraponto entre os pensamentos de Bresser-Pereira, Meirelles e Paes de Paula, a
minimização das diferenças e conflitos de interesse, partidários ao alinhamento dos aspectos da eficiência administrativa, promove-se o zelo das organizações públicas, de modo a favorecer um olhar holístico sobre a temática apresentada. Pauta o estudo uma moldura analítico-crítica, em que a ideia é ultrapassar as barreiras da dogmática estabelecida, a fim de formular análise de controle da população na gestão pública (stakeholders
sociais).