bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current career perspective of pediatric cardiologists in India
Authors: Sachdeva Sakshi , Dhulipudi Bhargavi 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
A survey was conducted to ascertain the current situation of early–mid-career pediatric cardiologists (<20 years of experience) practicing in India. A formatted questionnaire was sent as a Google Form through email and WhatsApp link. Out of 275 eligible participants, 138 responses were received. Two pediatric cardiologists independently analyzed the data and responses are presented. Results showed pediatric cardiology is not considered a lucrative career option by most of the surveyed Indian pediatric cardiologists. Urgent remedial measures are needed to maintain the recently found momentum in the field in the country.
Percutaneous hepatic vein recanalization in pediatric Budd–Chiari syndrome – 10 years’ experience from a tertiary center
Authors: Sastry Usha Mandikal Kodandarama , Doddaiah Madhu Swandenahalli , Arunakumar Priyadarshini , Marimuthu Varun , Kasturi Sowmya , Srinivas Budnur C. , Jayranganath Mahimarangaiah , Manjunath Cholenahally Nanjappa 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Budd − Chiari syndrome (BCS) due to hepatic venous outflow obstruction is a rare cause of liver disease with dismal outcome, often amenable to catheter intervention.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective single center study analyzed the clinical profile and medium term outcome of interventional treatment with balloon angioplasty ± stenting in all pediatric BCS over a 10 year period. Clinical, laboratory, imaging, and interventional data were retrieved. Transhepatic (TH) access was utilized in the recent 3 years.

Results:
We included a total of 27 patients. Acute and subacute BCS comprised 93% of subjects. Ascites was the most common symptom. COVID 19 infection and Takayasu arteritis were two novel etiologies in our study. There was isolated hepatic vein (HV) narrowing in 11 (41%), isolated inferior vena cava obstruction in 4, and combined occlusion in 12 (44%). Intervention was successful in 22 (82%) patients. Stenting was required in 14 (64%) patients and the rest underwent balloon angioplasty. The immediate outcome was better with stenting than balloon (91% vs. 64%). Transhepatic access in 6 patients allowed HV cannulation in all and achieved patency in five patients. Two patients from the balloon group (25%) and 9 from the stent group (64%) are alive with patent veins at a median follow up of 60 months, indicating a high attrition rate.

Conclusion:
Catheter interventions restored physiological blood flow in pediatric BCS. TH route improved cannulation of occluded HV compared to other accesses. Immediate and medium term outcomes were better after stenting with lower rates of reinterventions than balloon angioplasty. Life long surveillance is required as mortality is high on follow up.
Three-dimensional spatiotemporal imaging correlation in the diagnosis of isolated infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in fetal life
Authors: Krishna Mani Ram , Sennaiyan Usha Nandhini 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a critical congenital heart disease which is often missed on prenatal echocardiography because of the decreased pulmonary blood flow in fetal life. Improvement in technology has resulted in increasing prenatal diagnosis of this condition. We report a foetus with infra cardiac TAPVC in whom prenatal diagnosis was facilitated by the use of STIC technology.
Understanding the impact of clinical and leadership development activities for pediatric cardiac nurses in India
Authors: Aagard Magdeline , Dobrzycka Adriana , Zheleva Bistra , Rajasekhar Veeralakshmi , Menon Shubhitha , Gopakumar Vaisakh 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The major challenges for pediatric cardiac nursing in India include inadequacies in their levels of education and lack of recognition of their vital role in the health-care system. The aim of this study was to understand the impact of the leadership educational initiatives on pediatric cardiac nursing taken by Children’s HeartLink and the Pediatric Cardiac Society of India. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight pediatric cardiac nurse leaders from different Indian hospitals. A review of interviews from a previous study and an extensive literature review provided further foundational data on two major themes. The first theme on nursing education focused on nursing curriculum update, continuing education, and leadership development. The second theme focused on improving the value of nursing in public perception, value in hospitals, and their career promotions. The study identified the potential targets for improvement and provided a nursing career development ladder applicable to India.
Effect of Community-Based Health Education on Misconceptions Related to Caregiving for Cancer among Elderly in a Rural Area of Puducherry: A Pre–Post-Intervention Study
Authors: Thanigachalam Srinivasan , Sarkar Sonali , Sethuramachandran Adinarayanan , Karunanithi Gunaseelan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and Aim:
Families are crucial in providing comprehensive support to cancer patients, including physical, psychological, spiritual, and financial assistance. Unfortunately, cancer-related myths and stigma can have detrimental effects on those affected and their caregivers. This study aims to remove the misconceptions prevailing in a rural population of Puducherry regarding caregiving for cancer among elderly through a health education campaign.

Materials and Methods:
A pre- and post-intervention study was conducted among 217 adults above 18 years of age in a rural area of Puducherry. The intervention was delivered through pamphlet distribution, health talks, and discussion. Attitude, beliefs, and knowledge regarding the misconceptions about cancer were assessed in a five-point Likert scale and then the difference in the proportion of subjects with misconceptions about cancer before and after the intervention was tested using the McNemar test.

Results:
Among the respondents, 77% were females, 15% were illiterate, and 9.6% had a history of cancer in the family. About 23% felt cancer lends a bad name to the family and 24% considered palliative care as not necessary since end-stage cancer patients would die. Post-intervention, the perception that herbal items or diets may treat cancer declined from 45% to 18%, and that a cancer patient in the family lends bad name to the family declined from 23% to 3% (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Community-based intervention can effectively reduce misconceptions related to caregiving for cancer among elderly in rural areas. These interventions can also improve the quality of care and support provided to cancer patients.
Short Stature for Age in Children of 5 to 16 Years: The First Research from the Northern Himalayan Region of India
Authors: Sharma Karishma , Sharma Vishakha , Kumar Vinod , Bhat Nowneet , Chacham Swathi , Rathaur Vyas K. , Verma Prashant K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Anthropometric parameters play vital role in monitoring growth in pediatrics. Many etiological factors lead to short stature. So, before assessing the etiological factors short stature needs to be addressed. This study aimed to screen short stature for age in school-going children aged 5 to 16 years in Uttarakhand.

Material and Methods:
In this cross-sectional observational study, the height (through stadiometer) and weight (through weight machine) of 4189 students of government and private school in Rishikesh (Uttarakhand) aged 5–16 years were measured after the verbal assent of the students and individual’s height is in the 3rd percentile for the mean height of a given age, sex, and population group and was considered short stature. The data collection was performed from October 2019 to July 2021. The data were categorized according to different age groups to 5–8 years, 9–12 years, and 13–16 years. The data were recorded in Microsoft (MS) Excel spreadsheet program. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v23 (IBM Corp.) was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics were elaborated in the form of means or standard deviations and medians or Interquartile range IQRs for continuous variables and frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. The Chi-square test was used for group comparisons for categorical data.

Results:
7.1% of children were short stature (height 143.16 ± 15.09 cm) in the Himalayan belt, and males were more prone to short stature at age of 9–12 years.

Conclusion:
In the growing phase of children, the etiology of short stature has to be rectified, so the children can achieve such proper growth. Parents and physicians have to assess and monitor the growth of children timely. This study can be a stepping stone for further epidemiological studies.
Level of Depression among Cancer Patient
Authors: Dahiya Ritu , Parihar Aashish , Swami Mukesh Kumar , Sevak Sanjay 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Cancer is a major public health problem throughout the world. Globally, cancer is the second leading cause of death, new cases were 18.1 million, and cancer was responsible for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in the year 2018. Cancer increases the risk of psychiatric diseases, and one-third of patients with cancer has mental health disorders and is in need of appropriate psychological treatment. Anxiety and depression are widely common psychological distresses among most patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the level of depression among cancer patients.

Methodology:
The present study was a nonexperimental cross-sectional research design with quantitative approach was conducted on a sample of 400 cancer patients at AIIMS, Jodhpur. The participants were selected by consecutive sampling, and data were collected through face-to-face interview among patients with cancer. A self-reported questionnaire on demographic, clinical profile, and level of depression was assessed by standardized scale PHQ-9.

Results:
The present study revealed the level of depression among cancer patients, out of them 8.8% were having minimal depression, followed by 20.3% mild depression, 39.8% moderate depression, 17.8% moderately severe depression, and 13.5 were having severe depression.

Conclusion:
The findings of the study suggested that cancer diagnosis generates a higher sense of distress and leads to cause depression whether minimal or severe. Results of the study show that there is no association between level of depression and selected demographic variables of the study as per Chi-square analysis.
A Study to Assess the Challenges Faced and Measures Taken by the Mothers of Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a Selected Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal
Authors: Mandal Soumi , Dutta Bhanumati 
Published: September 2023

Context:
Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) present a big challenge to mothers. They experience burden and lack of support and resources in child's care.

Aims:
This study aimed to assess the challenges faced and measures taken by mothers of children with ADHD.

Settings:
The present study was conducted at Outpatient Department of Manovikas Kendra, 482, Madudah. Plot 1-24, Sector - J, E. M. Bypass, Kolkata-700 107, West Bengal.

Design:
This was a descriptive survey approach.

Subjects and Methods:
Data were collected from 86 mothers included by nonprobability convenience sampling technique. Rating scale and semi-structured interview schedule were used to collect data.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive and inferential statistics was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The findings revealed that only 2 (2.32%) mothers of children with ADHD faced mild (0–25), 81 (94.18%) mothers of children with ADHD faced moderate level (26–51), 3 (3.48%) mothers of children with ADHD faced severe (52–76) level of challenges, and all mothers (100%) used punishment/beating, provided the child toys for calming down, kept child under supervision, and praised their willingness to study rather than getting full marks. The computed Chi-square result showed significant association between level of challenges faced by the mothers with types of family, education qualification, and monthly family income (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Majority (94.18%) of the mothers of children with ADHD faced moderate level of challenges.
Index of Online Teaching Stress and Quality of Life among Nurse Educators during COVID-19
Authors: Mudgal Shiv Kumar , Verma Kavita , Gill Suchpreet Kaur , Gaur Rakhi , Chundawat Digpal Singh , Sharma Ravikant 
Published: September 2023

Background:
With sudden changes in the worldwide education system due to COVID-19 impact and limited available resources, nurse educators have been suffering from online teaching stress in this year, which is thought to affect their quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to ascertain the index of online teaching stress and QOL among nurse educators during COVID-19.

Subjects and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study 162 nurse educators were recruited through a convenient sampling technique. Online survey was employed using socio-demographic questionnaire, online teaching stress scale, and World Health Organization QOL BRIF-26 to collect data. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23 was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
Among all participants, 22% and 51% of participants reported severe and moderate level of online teaching stress respectively. The highest and lowest overall QOL was reported in the social relationship (70.29 ± 20.5) and physical health (54.54 ± 13.73) domain. Online teaching stress scores were significantly associated with gender (P = 0.012), teaching experience (P < 0.001), salary (P < 0.001), job satisfaction (P < 0.001), satisfaction with organization (P < 0.001). Online teaching stress scores were significantly negative correlated with all four domains of QOL. Marital status and monthly salary were the indicators of online teaching stress. Teaching experience, salary, and job satisfaction appeared to be robust predictors for domains of QOL (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that effective interventions primarily focusing on improving the availability of resources, training, and empowerment activities are necessary to decrease the negative effect of stress on QOL.
Exam Anxiety and Factors Influencing Exam Preparation
Authors: Kumar L Manoj 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The time of examination is a stressful period for students. However, an optimum level of stress can help in motivating the students, this stress can be from test anxiety which arises from stimuli of being tested or judged academically. Nursing students experience a higher level of exam anxiety comparing to students from other disciplines.

Aims and objectives:
This study aimed to assess the level of exam anxiety perceived by nursing students in selected setting. Along with exam anxiety; this research explored factors influencing exam preparation among nursing students.

Material and methods:
A mixed-method research study was conducted to assess test anxiety and to explore factors influencing their exam preparations. Total enumeration sampling technique was used to recruit 272 BSc nursing students from a nursing college attached to a tertiary care hospital in South India. Data were collected using a sociodemographic pro forma, a test anxiety scale to assess test anxiety, and a focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted using an FGD guide to explore factors influencing exam preparations of nursing students. Demographic data and test anxiety scores were analyzed using frequency and percentage. Qualitative data recorded were transcribed and identified repeated concepts, then coding was done to develop themes.

Results:
The study revealed that more than half of subjects 53.3% (145) having high exam anxiety, followed by 39.7% (108) subjects who had medium exam anxiety and 7.0% (19) had low exam anxiety. On comparison of mean test anxiety scores, the mean test anxiety score of first-year BSc nursing students (21.88 ± 5.384) remained higher than the second year (20.06 ± 4.403), third-year (19.17 ± 4.529), and fourth-year (20.84 ± 4.857) nursing. From FGD, three themes emerged as nursing students described their experiences and feelings toward factors influencing exam preparation. (1) Materialistic and environmental factors for exam preparation. (2) Motivational determinants that promote exam preparation. (3) Perceived barriers or distractions in preparing for an exam.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that faculty who are in close association with students can improve student outcomes by early identification of test anxiety, intervening if necessary, and sometimes by referring to a psychiatrist for ruling out further mental health issues that may arise from exam anxiety.
Needs of Patients with Opioid Dependence
Authors: Oomen Denny Mariam , Gupta Sandhya , Sarkar Siddharth , Devi Y. Surbala 
Published: September 2023

Context:
There are more than ten thousand opioid-dependent patients visiting the study setting annually, depicting the serious public health issue associated with opioid use. The upheaval in all phases of life of a patient necessitates active involvement of both patient and caregiver. The importance of need assessment of patient by patients themselves and their caregivers need to be separately assessed to provide holistic care to patients.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess the needs of patients with opioid dependence syndrome as perceived by patients themselves and their family caregivers.

Setting and Design:
A comparative cross-sectional study conducted in a drug dependence treatment facility in India.

Subjects and Methods:
The needs of 105 opioid-dependent patients perceived by patients themselves and their family caregivers were assessed using Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule.

Results:
The most common unmet needs of patients as rated by patients themselves were physical health, money, and company. The most common unmet needs of patients rated by caregivers were money, looking after home and daytime activities. The agreement of needs of patient was poor in domains such as self-care (k = 0.17), looking after home (k = 0.16), company (k = 0.13), physical health (k = 0.10), money (k = 0.09), and psychological distress (k = 0.06).

Conclusion:
Addressing the needs of patients with opioid dependence might help in developing a more holistic management plan which will improve treatment outcomes. Nurses should be active part of communication system and fill the gap existing in the needs of patients.
A Study to Assess the Prevalence of Nomophobia among Nursing Students in Kollam
Authors: Anand S. , Anoopa K. R , Joseph Praveen George , Raju Sajini 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Nomophobia is an emerging human behavior stemming from widespread mobile phone use. Discovering the prevalence of nomophobia among nursing students is important as the use of smartphone in clinical practice may cause distraction affecting the quality of care and putting patients' safety at risk. Furthermore, it can lead to poorer academic performance.

Materials and Methods:
Quantitative approach with descriptive cross-sessional design was used in this study. The study was conducted in Bishop Benziger College of Nursing, Upasana College of Nursing, VNSS College of Nursing, and Holy Cross College of Nursing, Kollam, Kerala. The target populations were BSc nursing students. The purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data. Formal permission was taken by the institutional ethics committee and consent from the nursing students and data were collected through Google Forms. The tools used consisted of Demographics Pro forma and Standardized Nomophobia Questionnaire which is 7-point self-reporting questionnaire (not at all nomophobia, mild nomophobia, moderate nomophobia, and severe nomophobia). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 21 years. More than 50% of nursing students use smartphone for about 5 h daily. Totally, 42% of nursing students having the habit of checking their smartphone <10 times/day. Nursing students affected by severe nomophobia were very minimal that were only 2%. (moderate 33%, mild 54%, and no nomophobia 11%). The prevalence rate of nomophobia among nursing students was 34.84. Significant association was found between nomophobia among nursing students and demographic variables such as level of study, smartphone use duration, frequency of checking phones, and frequency of checking phone episodes at 0.05 level.

Conclusion:
Smartphone addiction is a growing phenomenon in the current world. Online classes are influencing the duration of smartphone use. More than 50% of the private college nursing students are having mild nomophobia.
Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Nurses' Knowledge on Safe Handling of Psychotropic Drugs
Authors: Harsharaja S. V. , Govindan Radhakrishnan , Ramu Rajalakshmi , Damodharan Dinakaran , Kandasamy Arun 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Nurses play a major role in the management of psychiatric patients including the administration and handling of psychotropic drugs. They are in a pivotal position to educate the patient and family members about the medication and they should possess knowledge and competencies of psychotropic drugs to ensure safety.

Materials and Methods:
The authors have applied quantitative approach, preexperimental design, one group pre-test and post-test design for this study. Fifty-two newly recruited nursing officers were participated in this study. The authors have assessed the nurses' baseline knowledge on psychotropic drugs and the safe handling of such drugs. Followed by that, structured Teaching Program (STP) was designed, developed, and imparted to improve the nurses' knowledge and skills on psychotropic drugs by the authors. A post-STP assessment was conducted to identify the change in nurses' knowledge.

Results:
Baseline assessment revealed that the nurses were obtained poor scores in knowledge on psychotropics scale and safe handling of psychotropics scale. The median pretest score was seven on knowledge of psychotropics scale and four on the safe handling of the psychotropics scale. Two weeks' posttest scores were 15 and 11, respectively. The results showed significant difference between pre-test and posttest median scores and Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P < 0.001). Sociodemographic variable such as the age of the participants was correlated positively with baseline scores of safe handlings of psychotropic drugs and their post-graduate training in psychiatric nursing was associated with knowledge score.

Conclusion:
The results of the study revealed that the STP me about knowledge on psychotropic drugs and safe handling of psychotropic drugs was effective in improving the knowledge of newly recruited staff nurses. Continuing nursing education on psychotropic drugs and its safe handling skill among nurses may result in better psychiatric nursing care outcomes.
Bilateral Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation in an Adult
Authors: Chetambath Ravindran , Kumar Jesin , Shivashankaran Sanjeev 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAMs) are considered part of a spectrum of bronchopulmonary foregut malformations. Diagnosis is usually made during the antenatal or neonatal period, and is rarely diagnosed in adults. The spectrum of clinical presentations varies from asymptomatic cases to recurrent respiratory tract infections or respiratory insufficiency in adulthood. Here, we report the case of an adult female who presented with a history of recurrent respiratory tract infections since childhood. Radiological findings were in favor of bilateral CPAM. Bilateral CPAM in an adult patient is extremely rare, and it is mostly managed as bronchiectasis.