bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-Year Outcomes of Trabeculectomy and Phacotrabeculectomy in Primary Open Angle Versus Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Winuntamalakul Yolradee , Chansangpetch Sunee , Ratanawongphaibul Kitiya , Itthipanichpong Rath , Manassakorn Anita , Tantisevi Visanee , Rojanapongpun Prin 
Published: February 2023

Précis:
Phacotrabeculectomy had a significantly lower 24-month failure rate than the isolated trabeculectomy in both the primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) patients. The impact of adding phacoemulsification to trabeculectomy was found to be similar between the eyes with POAG and PACG.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to compare the 2-year outcomes of primary mitomycin C-augmented combined phacotrabeculectomy (Phaco+Trab) with isolated trabeculectomy (Trab) in phakic patients with POAG and PACG.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed primary glaucoma patients who underwent mitomycin C-augmented trabeculectomy and completed 2 years of follow-up. Failure rate, postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), percentage of IOP reduction, and the number of glaucoma medications at 24 months after surgery were compared between the Phaco+Trab and Trab groups.

Results:
The study included 146 eyes of 121 patients; 74 underwent Trab and 72 underwent Phaco+Trab. POAG and PACG were present in 71 and 75 eyes, respectively. Defining a failure with IOP criteria of >18 mm Hg or IOP reduction of <30%, the failure rates were 42% and 62% for Phaco+Trab and Trab, respectively. The Phaco+Trab group had a significantly lower failure rate than the Trab group for all subjects [risk ratio (RR): 0.60, 95% CI, 0.44–0.81, P=0.001], POAG subgroup (RR: 0.61, 95% CI, 0.41–0.93, P=0.02), and PACG subgroup (RR: 0.53, 95% CI, 0.33–0.86, P=0.01). Differences in the postoperative IOP, percentage of IOP reduction, and number of glaucoma medications were not significant between the 2 groups for all subjects, POAG, and PACG (all P>0.05). The magnitude of the effects of adding phacoemulsification to the trabeculectomy was comparable for the POAG and PACG groups, for each outcome (all P>0.05).

Conclusions:
The final 24-month failure rate in the Phaco+Trab group was lower than that in the Trab group in both the POAG and PACG subjects. The impact of adding phacoemulsification to trabeculectomy was found to be similar between the eyes with POAG and PACG.
Global Transmission of the penA Allele 60.001–Containing High-Level Ceftriaxone-Resistant Gonococcal FC428 Clone and Antimicrobial Therapy of Associated Cases: A Review
Authors: van der Veen Stijn 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogen for which ceftriaxone is the only remaining recommended first-line therapy. However, ceftriaxone susceptibility has been waning in a number of countries over the last decade and ceftriaxone treatment failures have been reported, commonly as a result of sporadic high-level ceftriaxone-resistant strains. In recent years, N. gonorrhoeae strains associated with the high-level ceftriaxone-resistant FC428 clone or strains that acquired its main ceftriaxone resistance determinant, penA allele 60.001, have shown global transmission, resulting in ceftriaxone treatment failure in a number of cases. The FC428 clone was first encountered in Japan in 2015 and subsequently in China, Europe, Australia, North America and Southeast Asia afterward. Strains associated with the FC428 clone commonly display a ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5–1 mg/L. However, where penA alleles encountered in sporadic high-level ceftriaxone-resistant isolates induce an in vitro growth defect, penA allele 60.001 does not seem to affect in vitro growth. The limited impact of penA allele 60.001 on biological fitness might be associated with its successful global transmission. Although the FC428 clone displays high-level ceftriaxone resistance, most gonorrhea cases associated with this clone were still successfully cured with ceftriaxone when intramuscular or intravenous doses of 500 mg to 2 g were used. A successful alternative therapy seems to be ertapenem given at 1-g doses, although further clinical studies are required to validate ertapenem efficacy. This review summarizes the global transmission of strains associated with the FC428 clone and antimicrobial treatment of associated cases.
ESCRS Clinical Trends Survey 2016-2021: A Six-Year Assessment of Practice Patterns Amongst Society Delegates
Authors: Kohnen Thomas , Findl Oliver , Nuijts Rudy , Ribeiro Filomena , Cochener-Lamard Béatrice 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate clinical opinions and practice patterns of delegates to the European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons (ESCRS).

Setting:
Clinical Trends Surveys were administered during annual ESCRS congresses held between 2016 to 2021, and data collected online and in-person.

Design:
Survey questions addressed several specialty areas, including cataract surgery, presbyopia-correcting and toric intraocular lenses (IOLs), ocular surface disease, and glaucoma.

Methods:
Survey results were compared and analyzed across 6 years. Four main profile questions were used for cross-tabulation analyses of questions pertaining to refractive surgery – practice location, years in practice, primary surgery setting, and average annual volume of cataract surgery.

Results:
The highest number of responses (3,019) was collected in 2019, with the lowest (569) received in 2020. The use of presbyopia-correcting and toric IOLs has increased significantly from 2016 to 2021, with certain respondent segments using them more frequently than others. While optical biometry remains the preferred method for obtaining preoperative measurements, the use of tomography (Scheimflug) has significantly increased. In 2021, 61.1% and 44.9% of respondents always performed preoperative checks of the ocular surface before refractive and cataract surgery, respectively. The proportion of respondents who perform glaucoma surgery has significantly decreased over the years, with an increasing number of delegates reporting having only a medical glaucoma practice. On average, 5.4% of patients with cataract and glaucoma underwent combined MIGS and cataract procedures in 2021.

Conclusions:
Evaluation of the Clinical Trends Survey data provides valuable insights into the shifting practice patterns and clinical opinions of ESCRS delegates.
Clinical outcome of a quadrifocal (trifocal) intraocular lens in Chinese patients: prospective, observational case series
Authors: Chang John S.M. , Liu Sylvia C.T. , Ma Nadine T.C. , Ng Jack C.M. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To report the visual outcomes and quality of vision and life after bilateral implantation of a single-piece trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) in Chinese patients.

Setting:
Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

Design:
Prospective, observational case series.

Methods:
Patients with bilateral implantation of AcrySof IQ PanOptix multifocal IOL were included. Distance, intermediate (60 cm), and near (40 cm) visual acuities (VAs) and contrast sensitivity (CS), defocus curve, preoperative higher-order aberration (HOA), dysphotopsia (0 to 5), satisfaction (1 to 5), spectacle independence, and quality of life were evaluated. The association between preoperative HOA and postoperative halos was also assessed.

Results:
54 eyes of 27 patients were included. The mean binocular distance, intermediate, and near uncorrected VA was −0.05 ± 0.06 (20/18), 0.06 ± 0.10 (20/23), and 0.04 ± 0.05 (20/22), respectively. No eyes lost more than 1 line of vision. Binocular CS was comparable with the monocular population norm of older adults. The defocus curve demonstrated that the binocular VA of 20/25 or better was achieved at a power of −3.00 to +0.50 diopters. The mean scores for halos, glare, and starbursts were 2.4 ± 1.4, 0.2 ± 0.8, and 1.4 ± 1.4 (of 5), respectively. The mean satisfaction score was 4.3 ± 0.7 (of 5). All the patients (100%) reported total spectacle independence. The mean vision-targeted composite score of the vision-related quality-of-life questionnaire was 97.2 ± 9.7 (of 100). Preoperative HOA was not associated with postoperative halos.

Conclusions:
Implantation of the trifocal IOL provided satisfactory visual outcomes and quality of vision and life, which resulted in a high rate of spectacle independence.
Ten-year prevalence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in myopic eyes after posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens
Authors: Arrevola-Velasco Luis , Beltrán Jaime , Rumbo Ana , Nieto Raquel , Druchkiv Vasyl , Martínez de la Casa José María , Ruiz-Moreno José María 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To determine and compare the prevalence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in myopic eyes operated of posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens (ICL) with a control group of nonoperated myopic eyes over 10 years of follow-up.

Setting:
Clinica Baviera, Madrid, Spain.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Methods:
There were 2 study cohorts: one with patients operated with ICL and a control group of nonoperated patients. The primary outcome of RRD was measured retrospectively, first through chart review of ICL-operated patients with at least 10 years of follow-up, then secondarily through telephone questionnaires and specialist verification for those with incomplete follow-up. Prevalence and incidence were calculated and compared, as well as their possible association with other risk factors.

Results:
58 operated patients completed follow-up in our clinic. A survey of 3849 more patients was conducted for a total of 252 operated with a mean spherical equivalent (SEQ) of −12.6 diopters (D) and 221 nonoperated with a mean SEQ of −10.5 D. 7 eyes developed an RRD in the operated vs 5 eyes among the nonoperated (prevalence 1.71% vs 1.25%, respectively, P = .773). The equivalence tests, the two one-sided test and the null hypothesis test between groups, were within the 0.02 limits, confirming the null hypothesis, and compared survival curves did not show significant differences (P = .59).

Conclusions:
ICL implantation surgery for high myopia did not affect the prevalence of RRD in operated eyes compared with similar nonoperated eyes, in this long-term study.
Bilateral sequential small-incision lenticule extraction and LASIK result in similar short-term quality-of-life outcomes
Authors: Gan Alfred T.L. , Fenwick Eva K. , Ang Marcus , Mehta Jodhbir S. , Lamoureux Ecosse L. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To compare quality of life (QoL) between patients who receive bilateral small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) or laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) vs bilateral sequential SMILE–LASIK (BSSL) surgery.

Setting:
Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Methods:
2 patient cohorts were recruited (2010-2012; 2014-2016). The bilateral SMILE (BS) and bilateral LASIK (BL) groups comprised patients (mean ± SD age: 30.3 ± 6.5, 50% male) from a prospective nonrandomized study who chose SMILE and LASIK, respectively. The BSSL group comprised patients (mean ± SD age: 28.6 ± 6.2, 64.3% male) randomized to receive SMILE in 1 eye and LASIK in the other. Rasch-scaled scores of the QoL Impact of Refractive Correction questionnaire between groups postoperatively at 1 and 3 months were compared.

Results:
At month 1, scores on 3 QoL without emotional well-being items were worse in the BSSL (n = 70) compared with the BL group (n = 25), specficially, “using sunglasses” (β: −20.6, 95% CI, −34.3 to −6.9), “reliance on refractive correction” (−23.1, 95% CI, −40.9 to −5.4), and “medical complications from optical correction” (β: −14.8, 95% CI, −27.9 to −1.7). Emotional well-being (overall), and items “feeling able to do things” (β: 11.0, 95% CI, 1.6-20.4) and “feeling eager to try new things” (β: 14.1, 95% CI, 3.6-24.6) were better in the BSSL compared with the BS group (n = 25). No substantive differences were observed at month 3.

Conclusions:
Refractive correction-related QoL differences at month 1 between BSSL and BS/BL patients attenuated by month 3. Bilateral sequential SMILE–LASIK surgery appeared unlikely to negatively affect QoL beyond 3 months.
Nd:YAG Laser Capsulotomy Rates in the Netherlands; Practice Variation and Association with Physician Practice Styles
Authors: Eggermont Rogier L. , Witteman Agnes M. , van Erkelens Judith A. , Vermeulen Karin , Vunderink Lydia , Reus Nicolaas J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To determine the practice variation in rate of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy within one year after cataract surgery and to identify possible associations with physician practice styles.

Setting:
All hospitals and private clinics in The Netherlands

Design:
Retrospective observational study

Methods:
In the national medical claims database, we identified all laser capsulotomies performed in the Netherlands within a year after cataract surgery in the years 2016 and 2017. Centres with the lowest and highest percentages of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomies were interviewed on their physician practice styles related to the development of posterior capsule opacification.

Results:
The incidence of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy varied between 1.2% and 26.0% in 2016 (median 5.0%) and between 0.9% and 22.7% in 2017 (median 5.0%). The rate of capsulotomy was highly consistent over time for each centre (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.89, P < 0.001). In general, ophthalmology centres with a high rate of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy more often did not (routinely) polish the posterior lens capsule, performed cortex removal with coaxial irrigation/aspiration (instead of bimanual), and more often used hydrophilic IOLs (compared to only using hydrophobic IOLs).

Conclusions:
We found a significant practice variation in performing Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy within one year after cataract surgery in the Netherlands. Routinely polishing the posterior capsule, using bimanual I/A, and the use of hydrophobic IOLs are associated with a lower incidence in Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. Incorporating these practice styles may lower the practice variation and thus prevent added medical burden for the patient and decrease costs.
IOL scaffolding technique in Hypermature/ Morgagnian cataract in Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery
Authors: Ramya Muthukrishnan Gomathi , Lokanathan Lakshana Malla , Shekhar Madhu , Murali Nivedita , Waghamare Shalaka Ramesh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To describe surgical technique of IOL scaffolding in hypermature / Morgagnian cataract in manual small incision cataract surgery.
Setting: charitable section of the hospital through direct availed services at free /subsidised cost.

Design:
Interventional study

Methods:
This study included 38 eyes of 38 patients operated at charitable section of the hospital through direct availed services at free /subsidised cost.

Results:
IOL scaffolding in manual small incision cataract surgery was executed in 38 patients out of which 25 patients were diagnosed as hypermature cataract, pseudoexfoliation syndrome with mature cataract in 5 patients, 5 patients had phacolytic glaucoma and 3 patients had lens induced uveitis. This technique was successful in 35 out of 38 patients and was not successful in three patients in whom traditional SICS was performed in 2 patients and retro haptic iris fixation in one patient

Conclusion:
We describe a technique which uses IOL as a scaffold in hypermature cataract in MSICS that provides a stable barrier by stretching the capsular bag in order to prevent the crumpling of the bag or whole bag removal following nucleus delivery.
Do “central sensitization” questionnaires reflect measures of nociceptive sensitization or psychological constructs? A systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Adams Greig R. , Gandhi Wiebke , Harrison Richard , van Reekum Carien M. , Wood-Anderson Desmond , Gilron Ian , Salomons Tim V. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Central sensitization (CS) is defined as an increased nociceptive responsiveness due to sensitization of neurons in the central nervous system, usually the result of prolonged nociceptive input or a disease state associated with noxious inputs (eg, polyarthritis). The concept of CS has recently been adopted in clinical assessments of chronic pain, but its diagnosis in humans may now include a wide range of hypervigilant responses. The purpose of this review is to ascertain whether self-report questionnaires linked with CS are associated with enhanced nociceptive responses or whether they measure sensitivity in a broader sense (ie, emotional responses). According to our published, PROSPERO-registered review protocol (CRD42021208731), a predefined search of studies that involve the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) or Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ), correlated with either nociceptive sensory tests or emotional hypervigilance was conducted on MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Correlations between the CSI or PSQ with our primary outcomes were extracted and meta-analysed. A review of 66 studies totalling 13,284 participants found that the CSI (but not the PSQ) strongly correlated with psychological constructs: depression, anxiety, stress, pain catastrophising, sleep, and kinesiophobia. The CSI and PSQ showed weak or no correlations with experimental measures of nociceptive sensitivity: pain thresholds, temporal summation, or conditioned pain modulation. The PSQ did, however, correlate strongly with phasic heat and tonic cold pain tests. The studies reviewed did not provide sufficient evidence that self-report measures reflect a canonical understanding of CS. The CSI more closely reflects psychological hypervigilance than increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons.
Health and Work Performance Consequences of Working From Home Environment
Authors: Okawara Makoto , Ishimaru Tomohiro , Igarashi Yu , Matsugaki Ryutaro , Mafune Kosuke , Nagata Tomohisa , Tsuji Mayumi , Ogami Akira , Fujino Yoshihisa ,   for the CORoNaWork project
Published: February 2023

Objectives
The physical work environment while working from home (WFH) is a key component of WFH, which, if inadequate, can impair workers’ health and work functioning. We investigated environmental factors in WFH and worsening of work functioning.

Methods
A 1-year prospective cohort study was conducted involving 2530 Japanese workers who worked from home. Environment while WFH was assessed using binary subjective assessments based on existing guidelines. Existence of impaired work function was assessed using the Work Functioning Impairment Scale. We performed multilevel logistic regression analysis nested in the prefecture of residence.

Results
Lack of room/space for concentration, lack of enough light and foot space, inadequate temperature and humidity, and use of a sitting table were associated with work functioning impairment.

Conclusions
An inappropriate environment while WFH can have a negative impact on workers’ health.
Association Between Carbon Emission and Low Birth Weight in Mainland China
Authors: Sun Qi , Zhang Ya , Wang Yuanyuan , Lu Jianbo , Ma Xu 
Published: February 2023

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between carbon emission and low birth weight (LBW).

Methods
A nested case-control study was contacted in mainland China. Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of carbon emission on LBW. Generalized additive mixed effect model was performed to assess no-linear trend between LBW and carbon emission.

Results
Carbon emission was a risk factor for LBW (odds ratio, 1.182; 95% confidence interval, 1.011–1.383). Carbon emissions from power, residence, aviation, and transport department were risk factors for LBW (all P < 0.05). Moreover, generalized additive mixed effect model has shown that the risk of LBW decreased first and then increased as carbon emissions increased.

Conclusions
Our study initially found that carbon emission may be a risk factor for LBW.
The Combined Effect of Elevated Blood Pressure and Occupational Noise Exposure on Bilateral High-Frequency Hearing Loss
Authors: Zhang Hua-Dong , Yuan Fang , Jin Nan , Deng Hua-Xin 
Published: February 2023

Background
Combined effect of elevated blood pressure and occupational noise exposure on hearing loss have rarely been evaluated among Chinese population.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 242,811 participants. Logistic regression model was performed to estimate the independent and combined associations.

Results
Compared with participants without occupational noise exposure, the risk of bilateral high-frequency hearing loss (BHFHL) was significantly higher for noise exposure 10 years or more (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.23–1.35). Compared with no hypertension, participants with grade 1 hypertension had higher risk of BHFHL in all age groups (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.09–1.20). As to the combined effect, the highest BHFHL risk was found in males (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.37–1.67), especially among participants with grade 1 hypertension older than 50 years (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.46–1.88).

Conclusions
Elevated blood pressure may synergistically influence hearing loss combined with occupational noise exposure.
Disparities in Access to Paid Sick Leave During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hawkins Devan 
Published: February 2023

Objective
This study sought to assess disparities in access to paid sick leave in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic based on demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Methods
The percentage of workers with access to paid sick leave was calculated according to age group, sex, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, region, health insurance coverage, receiving public assistance, income, occupation, and industry.

Results
A total of 65.6% of workers had access to paid sick leave. Access was lowest among Hispanic workers, workers with less than a high school education, and workers without health insurance coverage.

Conclusions
There were wide disparities in access to paid sick leave during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may be associated with disparities in the risk for COVID-19. The introduction of mandatory paid sick leave may serve to protect workers from the spread of infectious diseases.
Characteristics of Occupational Environmental Heat Injuries/Illnesses
Authors: Hawkins Devan , Ibrahim Mariam 
Published: February 2023

Objective
This study describes the characteristics of workers experiencing occupational heat-related injuries/illnesses in the United States and explores the associations between states’ average annual temperatures and heat-related injury/illness rates.

Methods
The number and rate of occupational environmental heat injuries/illnesses were calculated according to age group, gender, race/ethnicity, occupation group, and state from 2011 to 2019.

Results
Injury/illness rates were higher among Black and Hispanic workers. Workers in farming, fishing, and forestry; installation, maintenance, and repair; and construction/extraction occupations had the highest rates. There was a positive correlation between states’ average annual temperatures and heat-related injury/illness rates.

Discussion
There are demographic and occupational disparities in occupational environmental heat-related injuries/illnesses in the United States and a correlation between these injuries/illnesses and state average annual temperatures. There is a need for policies and other interventions to protect workers from occupational environmental heat injuries/illnesses.