bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the potential cost-effectiveness of centralised versus point-of-care testing for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: a model-based comparison
Authors: Babigumira Joseph B , Karichu James K , Clark Samantha , Cheng Mindy M , Garrison Louis P , Maniecki Maciej B , Hamid Saeed S 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesPakistan has a hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence of 6%–9% and aims to achieve World Health Organisation (WHO) targets for elimination of HCV by the year 2030. We aim to evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of a reference laboratory-based (centralised laboratory testing; CEN) confirmatory testing approach versus a molecular near-patient point-of-care (POC) confirmatory approach to screen the general population for HCV in Pakistan.Study designWe used a decision tree-analytic model from a governmental (formal healthcare sector) perspective.Study settingIndividuals were assumed to be initially screened with an anti-HCV test at home, followed by POC nucleic acid test (NAT) at nearby district hospitals or followed by NAT at centralised laboratories.ParticipantsWe included the general testing population for chronic HCV in Pakistan.InterventionScreening with an anti-HCV antibody test (Anti-HCV) followed by either POC NAT (Anti-HCV-POC), or reference laboratory NAT (Anti-HCV-CEN), was compared, using data from published literature and the Pakistan Ministry of Health.MeasuresOutcome measures included: number of HCV infections identified per year, percentage of individuals correctly classified, total costs, average costs per individual tested, and cost-effectiveness (assessed as cost per additional HCV infection identified). Sensitivity analysis was also performed.ResultsAt a national level (25 million annual screening tests), the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy would identify 142 406 more HCV infections in 1 year and increase correct classification of individuals by 0.57% compared with the Anti-HCV-POC strategy. The total annual cost of HCV testing was reduced using the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy by US$7.68 million (US$0.31/person). Thus, incrementally, the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy costs less and identifies more HCV infections than Anti-HCV-POC. The incremental difference in HCV infections identified was most sensitive to the probability of loss to follow-up (for POC confirmatory NAT).ConclusionsAnti-HCV-CEN would provide the best value for money when scaling up HCV testing in Pakistan.
Skin cancer-related conditions managed in general practice in Australia, 2000–2016: a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey
Authors: Reyes-Marcelino Gillian , McLoughlin Kirstie , Harrison Christopher , Watts Caroline G , Kang Yoon-Jung , Aranda Sanchia , Aitken Joanne F , Guitera Pascale , Cust Anne E 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveSkin cancer is Australia’s most common and costly cancer. We examined the frequency of Australian general practice consultations for skin cancer-related conditions, by patient and general practitioner (GP) characteristics and by time period.DesignNationally representative, cross-sectional survey of general practice clinical activity.Setting, participantsPatients aged 15 years or older having a skin cancer-related condition managed by GPs in the Bettering the Evaluation And Care of Health study between April 2000 and March 2016.Primary outcome measuresProportions and rates per 1000 encounters.ResultsIn this period, 15 678 GPs recorded 1 370 826 patient encounters, of which skin cancer-related conditions were managed 65 411 times (rate of 47.72 per 1000 encounters, 95% CI 46.41 to 49.02). Across the whole period, ‘skin conditions’ managed were solar keratosis (29.87%), keratinocyte cancer (24.85%), other skin lesion (12.93%), nevi (10.98%), skin check (10.37%), benign skin neoplasm (8.76%) and melanoma (2.42%). Over time, management rates increased for keratinocyte cancers, skin checks, skin lesions, benign skin neoplasms and melanoma; but remained stable for solar keratoses and nevi. Skin cancer-related encounter rates were higher for patients aged 65–89 years, male, living in Queensland or in regional or remote areas, with lower area-based socioeconomic status, of English-speaking background, Veteran card holders and non-healthcare card holders; and for GPs who were aged 35–44 years or male.ConclusionThese findings show the spectrum and burden of skin cancer-related conditions managed in general practice in Australia, which can guide GP education, policy and interventions to optimise skin cancer prevention and management.
Digital game-based interventions for cognitive training in healthy adults and adults with cognitive impairment: protocol for a two-part systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Shi-Bei , Tan Joshua , Raczkowska Marlena N , Chean Wen Lee Joshann , Rai Bina , Remus Alexandria , Ho Dean 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionDigital game-based training interventions are scalable solutions that may improve cognitive function for many populations. This protocol for a two-part review aims to synthesise the effectiveness and key features of digital game-based interventions for cognitive training in healthy adults across the life span and adults with cognitive impairment, to update current knowledge and impact the development of future interventions for different adult subpopulations.Methods and analysisThis systematic review protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO and IEEE Explore on 31 July 2022 for relevant literature published in English from the previous 5 years. Experimental, observational, exploratory, correlational, qualitative and mixed methods studies will be eligible if they report at least one cognitive function outcome and include a digital game-based intervention intended to improve cognitive function. Reviews will be excluded but retained to search their reference lists for other relevant studies. All screening will be done by at least two independent reviewers. The appropriate Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool, according to the study design, will be applied to perform the risk of bias assessment. Outcomes related to cognitive function and digital game-based intervention features will be extracted. Results will be categorised by adult life span stages in the healthy adult population for part 1 and by neurological disorder in part 2. Extracted data will be analysed quantitatively and qualitatively, according to study type. If a group of sufficiently comparable studies is identified, we will perform a meta-analysis applying the random effects model with consideration of the I2statistic.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not applicable for this study since no original data will be collected. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022351265.
Non-pharmaceutical interventions in complementary and alternative medicine for insomnia in breast cancer survivors: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Qi , Liu Lumin , Chen Yuelai , Yin Ping 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionInsomnia has a high incidence in patients with breast cancer, which not only affects the quality of life of patients, but also affects the efficiency of later treatment and rehabilitation. Although the sedative and hypnotic drugs commonly used in clinical practice have a rapid onset of action, they are also accompanied by different degrees of sequelae, withdrawal effects and dependence and addiction. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) or complementary and integrative medicine, complementary integrative therapies, including natural nutritional supplement therapy, psychotherapy, physical and mental exercise, physiotherapy, have been reported to be used to treat cancer-related insomnia. Its clinical results are increasingly recognised and accepted by patients. However, the effectiveness and safety of these CAM are uneven, and there is no standard clinical application method. Therefore, in order to objectively evaluate the effects of different non-pharmaceutical interventions in CAM on insomnia, we will conduct a network meta-analysis (NMA) to explore the effects of different CAM interventions on improving sleep quality in patients with breast cancer.Methods and analysisWe will search all Chinese and English databases from the inception of the database to 31 December 2022. The databases include PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Chinese literature databases include CBM, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG. The Insomnia Severity Index and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index will be considered as the primary outcomes in the study. STATA V.15.0 software will be used to conduct pairwise meta-analysis and NMA. Finally, we will use the recommended risk assessment tool RoB2 for risk and bias assessment, and use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation evaluation method to evaluate the quality of evidence.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required because the study will not include the original information of participants. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022382602.
Effects of social activity participation and trust in the community on the transition of frailty classification in late-stage older adults: a 4-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Takatori Katsuhiko , Matsumoto Daisuke 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesIn Japan, frailty is a major risk factor for requiring long-term care, especially among older adults aged 75 years or older (ie, late-stage older adults). Both physical and social factors (eg, social activities, social support and community trust) are protective factors against frailty. However, few longitudinal studies have examined reversible change or stage improvement in frailty. This study investigated social activity participation and trust in the community that may affect the transition of late-stage older adults’ frailty status.DesignA mail-based survey was used to analyse the improvement or deterioration of frailty status (categorised as frailty, pre-frailty and robust) over a 4-year period. Binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted; the transition in frailty classification was the dependent variable, while a change in social activity participation and the degree of trust in the community were the independent variables.SettingIkoma City, Nara Prefecture, Japan.Participants4249 community-dwelling older adults, aged ≥75 years, not requiring long-term care who completed a follow-up questionnaire from April to May 2016.ResultsAdjusting for confounding factors, no significant social factors were detected regarding improvement in frailty. However, an increase in exercise-based social participation was an improvement factor in the pre-frailty group (OR 2.43 (95% CI 1.08 to 5.45)). Conversely, a decrease in community-based social activity was a risk factor in the deterioration from pre-frailty to frailty (OR 0.46 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.93)). In the robust group, increased community-based social activity (OR 1.38 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.90)) was a protective factor against frailty, whereas decreased community trust was a risk factor (OR 1.87 (95% CI 1.38 to 2.52)).ConclusionsNo social factors had a significant influence on the improvement of frailty in late-stage older adults. However, the promotion of exercise-based social participation was found to be important for improvement in the pre-frailty state.Trial registration numberUMIN000025621.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for madder lake detection in painting layers
Authors: Innocenti S. , Ricci M. , Quintero Balbas D. , Fontana R. , Striova J. , Becucci M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMadder lake is the most utilized anthraquinone dyestuff in artworks. Its main constituents (alizarin and purpurin, together with other natural dyes) form an organometallic complex (the lake) insoluble in water by precipitation or adsorption of the dye onto an inorganic substrate. Raman spectra of madder lake are strongly affected by fluorescence, making its identification by Raman spectroscopy difficult or impossible. In this work, we prepared different lakes according to historical recipes and characterized them with X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR, and UV-Visible spectroscopies. Additionally, painting mock-ups were prepared and the lakes were extracted with hydrated and ethanol-rich agar gel beads. This work is aimed at showing the advantages and limits for the identification of the madder lake constituents by Raman and SERS (Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy) methods in the hydrogels used for sample micro-extraction. The main advantage of SERS for madder lake detection is to allow the user to acquire spectra in random spots in the gel bead, without the need for recrystallized grain localization in the dried hydrogel.
Incidence Trends and Survival in Early-Onset Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma: A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Radkiewicz Cecilia , Asplund Johannes , Lagergren Jesper 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Early-onset adenocarcinomas of different sites are increasing in high-income countries, data on esophagogastric adenocarcinoma are sparse.

Methods:
We performed a Swedish population-based cohort study over 1993 to 2019 to delineate differences in incidence and survival in early-onset (age 20–54 years) compared with later-onset (55–99 years) esophageal, cardia, and noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma. Temporal incidence trends were quantified as annual percentage changes (APC) and survival differences as excess mortality rate ratios (EMRR) using Poisson regression and including 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:
Among 27,854 patients with esophagogastric adenocarcinoma, 2,576 were early-onset whereof 470 were esophageal, 645 were cardia, and 1,461 were noncardia gastric. Except noncardia gastric, the male predominance was larger in early-onset compared with later-onset disease. Advanced stage and signet ring cell morphology were more common among early-onset patients. Early-onset and later-onset APC estimates were comparable and esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence increased, cardia remained stable, and noncardia gastric decreased. Early-onset patients had better survival than later-onset, which was amplified when adjusting for prognostic factors including stage [adjusted EMRR 0.73 (95% CI, 0.63–0.85) in esophageal, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.65–0.86) in cardia, and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.61–0.74) in noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma]. The early-onset survival advantage was more pronounced in localized stages 0 to II (all sites) and women (esophageal and noncardia gastric).

Conclusions:
We found no major differences in incidence trends comparing early-onset and later-onset esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. Despite unfavorable prognostic features, early-onset esophagogastric adenocarcinoma survival was better than later-onset, particularly in localized stages and women.

Impact:
Our findings suggest delayed diagnosis in younger individuals and especially men.
Targeting N-linked Glycosylation for the Therapy of Aggressive Lymphomas
Authors: Scheich Sebastian , Chen Jiji , Liu Jiamin , Schnütgen Frank , Enssle Julius C. , Ceribelli Michele , Thomas Craig J. , Choi Jaewoo , Morris Vivian , Hsiao Tony , Nguyen Hang , Wang Boya , Bolomsky Arnold , Phelan James D. , Corcoran Sean , Urlaub Henning , Young Ryan M. , Häupl Björn , Wright George W. , Huang Da Wei , Ji Yanlong , Yu Xin , Xu Weihong , Yang Yandan , Zhao Hong , Muppidi Jagan , Pan Kuan-Ting , Oellerich Thomas , Staudt Louis M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be subdivided into the activated B-cell (ABC) and germinal center B cell–like (GCB) subtypes. Self-antigen engagement of B-cell receptors (BCR) in ABC tumors induces their clustering, thereby initiating chronic active signaling and activation of NF-κB and PI3 kinase. Constitutive BCR signaling is essential in some GCB tumors but primarily activates PI3 kinase. We devised genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screens to identify regulators of IRF4, a direct transcriptional target of NF-κB and an indicator of proximal BCR signaling in ABC DLBCL. Unexpectedly, inactivation of N-linked protein glycosylation by the oligosaccharyltransferase-B (OST-B) complex reduced IRF4 expression. OST-B inhibition of BCR glycosylation reduced BCR clustering and internalization while promoting its association with CD22, which attenuated PI3 kinase and NF-κB activation. By directly interfering with proximal BCR signaling, OST-B inactivation killed models of ABC and GCB DLBCL, supporting the development of selective OST-B inhibitors for the treatment of these aggressive cancers.

Significance:
DLBCL depends on constitutive BCR activation and signaling. There are currently no therapeutics that target the BCR directly and attenuate its pathologic signaling. Here, we unraveled a therapeutically exploitable, OST-B–dependent glycosylation pathway that drives BCR organization and proximal BCR signaling.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1749
p53 Oligomerization Domain Mutants: A New Class of Mutants That Retain “License to Kill”
Authors: Stieg David , Casey Kaitlyn , Murphy Maureen E. 
Published: May 2023

Summary:In this issue of Cancer Discovery, companion articles from the Prives and Lozano groups describe functional analyses of a common dimeric mutant of p53 found in Li–Fraumeni disease and sporadic cancer: A347D (AD). The authors show that the AD mutant is completely defective for canonical p53 transcriptional function, but interestingly retains some tumor suppressor function, which they show is manifested as “neomorphic” activities in transcription and the control of mitochondrial metabolism.See related article by Gencel-Augusto et al., p. 1230 (7).See related article by Choe et al., p. 1250 (6).
Persistence of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae on red palm weevil-infested date palm trees in an arid environment
Authors: Yaacobi Gal , Salame Llora , Glazer Itamar 
Published: May 2023

Summary
The persistence of the entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Steinernema carpocapsae, was evaluated following application on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) trees infested with the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus in an arid environment. Live S. carpocapsae were detected in different sections of the tree trunk, including internal parts, in the soil, and from RPW cadavers. EPN third-stage infective juveniles were extracted from the palm stem tissue and soil up to 45 days and 180 days after application, respectively. Results support the high potential of commercial S. carpocapsae application as a useful biological control agent for R. ferrugineus in date palms in arid environments.
Rabbi Kook in Žeimelis: A Big Data Analysis
Authors: Hershkowitz Isaac 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study I demonstrate a distant reading of Rabbi Kook’s early writings from the Žeimelis period, using advanced tools of big data analytics. Analyzing frequent words and phrases in the Žeimelis corpus is coupled with a comparison to the most important corpus of Kook’s writing: Shemonah Qevaṣim. This parallelization illustrates the clear and consistent differences between the corpora—verbal and phrasal—as well as some similarities. The Žeimelis period can be described as more particularistic in nature, with an emphasis on traditional rabbinic writing: a strong linkage to rabbinic classical sources, a clear differentiation between Halakhah and Kabbalah, and a wide perspective on numerous subjects, yet without blending them into one. Kook’s original teachings were not abandoned in later phases but rather reshaped in a more sophisticated manner. A pan(en)theistic disposition dominates his later works, effecting content and form in unique ways, and creating a more complex and intertwined philosophy.
Rescaffolding the bundle in Afroasiatic inflection
Authors: Shlonsky Ur 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Person, number and gender features in the Afroasiatic verbal system are sometimes prefixes, sometimes suffixes and sometimes both. This paper attempts to derive the Tamazight and Hebrew systems using syntactic tools and eschewing postsyntactic or morphological linearization rules. My point of departure is that syntactic heads contain a single feature and that features can be assembled into bundles and placed to the left or to the right of a stem by syntactic movement alone. In the simplest case, a feature is prefixal when it is merged above the verbal stem and the verbal stem remains below it and is c-commanded by it and it is a suffix when the verbal stem moves above it. The often-complex combination of prefixes and suffixes in the languages studied arises from the combination of multiple steps of movement which can target the stem alone or a category it pied pipes or is pied piped by. Allomorphy is expressed in terms of selectional restrictions and an alternative to impoverishment is proposed to handle neutralization.
The Tigrinya zɨ- prefix
Authors: Cacchioli Gioia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Head-final languages are not expected to display verbal prefixes. However, in Tigrinya—a consistent SOV Ethio-Semitic language—the “relative marker” is a prefix that precedes the subordinate verb. Taking an antisymmetric and LCA approach to head-finality, I challenge the idea that what have been traditionally called prefixes in head-final languages have an intrinsic “prefixal morphological property”. Instead, I argue that prefixes are elements that are subject to specific syntactic constraints that result in them appearing in front of verbs. I therefore propose a new syntactic analysis of relative clauses in Tigrinya that explains not only the appearance of the prefix zɨ- on the left of the subordinate verb, but also its occurrence on both the verb and the auxiliary in periphrastic verbal forms expressing progressive aspect: I suggest that zɨ- is a marker of successive-cyclic movement.
Prefixes and suffixes in Afroasiatic
Authors: Kastner Itamar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
How can we tell whether an agreement feature will end up as a prefix, a suffix, or a combination of exponents? Research on Afroasiatic languages has identified a number of asymmetries which can be found between prefixes and suffixes. This short review considers these asymmetries, points out three cross-Semitic generalizations, and outlines the possible sources for them. Four kinds of theoretical explanations are evaluated: Syntactic, Morphological, Morphotactic and Morphophonological.
In Charisma’s Wake: History, Divinity, and Change in Early Mādhva Vedānta
Authors: Stoker Valerie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As religious reformers who, since their origins in late thirteenth-century Tulunadu, sought to correct what they believed were false interpretations of the Vedic canon, Mādhva Brahmins have thought actively about processes of social and intellectual change. This article examines several Sanskrit texts attributed to fourteenth-century Mādhva authors that recount the movement’s origins and contemplate how past forces had corrupted the canon and what kind of circumstances might rehabilitate it. Of course, one of those circumstances was the advent of the movement’s founder, Śrī Madhvācārya (1238–1317) whose self-proclaimed divinity legitimated his reformist message. But while these texts elaborate Madhva’s supernatural identity so as to promote the Mādhva movement’s regional importance within Tulunadu, they also consider more mundane aspects of religious and social innovation. In the process, these texts acknowledge their divinely guided movement’s historical contingency. This acknowledgment complicates certain longstanding scholarly perspectives on premodern Sanskrit intellectuals’ attitudes towards change.