bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angio‐based coronary functional assessment predicts 30‐day new‐onset heart failure after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Luo Da , Wu Hui , Zhou Wenjie , Zhang Jing , Jin Xing , Xu Changwu , Huang Bing , Yang Jian , Jiang Hong , Chen Jing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsSuboptimal perfusion leading to heart failure (HF) often occurs after ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), despite restoration of epicardial coronary flow in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) era. We determined the clinical implications of angio‐based coronary functional assessment in evaluation of suboptimal perfusion and further outcomes among STEMI patients after successful PPCI.Methods and resultsIn this study, STEMI patients in the Chinese STEMI PPCI registry trial (NCT04996901) who achieved post‐PPCI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction grade 3 flow were retrospectively screened. Post‐procedural quantitative flow ratio (QFR), angio‐based microvascular resistance (AMR), and coronary flow velocity (CFV) of the infarct‐related artery were calculated. QFR and AMR measure epicardial stenosis severity and microvascular resistance, respectively. QFR+ was defined as QFR < 0.90 while QFR− was QFR ≥ 0.90. AMR+ was defined as AMR ≥ 250 mmHg*s/m while AMR− was AMR < 250 mmHg*s/m. The primary outcome was 30‐day new‐onset HF. The Kaplan–Meier curves were used to establish the associations between QFR, AMR, CFV, and HF incidences. The relationship between CFV and combined QFR and AMR indices was further assessed. Independent predictors were determined using Cox regression analysis. The receiver‐operating characteristic curve was used to assess discriminant ability to predict HF. A total of 942 patients (mean age was 57.8 ± 11.7 years and 84.6% were men) were enrolled. Among them, 129 patients had new‐onset HF episodes. Patients in the QFR−/AMR− group had a low risk of HF compared with those in the QFR+/AMR+ group (10.5% vs. 27.3%, P = 0.027). A higher CFV ≥ 17.4 cm/s was associated with low HF incidences as compared with CFV < 17.4 cm/s (10.3% vs. 16.8%, P = 0.005), whereas isolated QFR or AMR did not reveal any marked differences in HF incidences (P = 0.150 and 0.079, respectively). The highest and lowest medians of CFV were observed in the QFR−/AMR− and QFR+/AMR+ groups, respectively. CFV correlated well with the QFR/AMR ratio (adjusted R2 = 1, P < 0.001) and post‐PPCI CFV was found to be an independent predictor of post‐STEMI HF (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.61, 95% confidence interval: 0.41–0.90, P = 0.012). The area under curve estimate of the multivariable regression model was 0.749.ConclusionsCFV is an integrated coronary physiological assessment approach that incorporates epicardial and microcirculatory contributions. Patients with post‐PPCI CFV < 17.4 cm/s were strongly associated with a high risk for post‐STEMI HF, even achieving thrombolysis in myocardial infarction grade 3 flow. The immediate angio‐based coronary functional assessment is a feasible tool for evaluating suboptimal perfusion and risk stratification.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Mixed Oxide Compositions of Cobalt‐Zirconium and their Catalytic Activity in the Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Ivanenko Oleksandr , Pavlenko Tamara , Pohorenko Yuliia , Bykov Valeriy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe article presents the results of research on the hydrothermal synthesis of nanoscale oxide of cobalt and zirconium and their mixed oxide compositions. The synthesized samples have been characterized by the X‐ray phase, scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption‐desorption methods; the composition of the samples has been determined by chemical analysis methods, and their catalytic activity in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide has been studied. It has been shown that during synthesis, highly dispersed cobalt and zirconium oxide are formed, and the sample of the composition (mol %): Co3O4(88)−ZrO2(12) has the highest specific surface area (181.2 m2/g) and the highest activity (K=6.18 ⋅ 10−2 s−1) against the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The increasing of the ZrO2 content in oxide compositions reduces their catalytic activity. The particle size in the synthesized samples is 7–38 nm.
Difluoromethoxylated Ketones as Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Challenging OCF2H‐Bearing N‐Heterocycles
Authors: Loison Anaïs , Hanquet Gilles , Toulgoat Fabien , Billard Thierry , Panossian Armen , Leroux Frédéric R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe report herein an unprecedented synthesis of difluoromethoxylated nitrogen‐containing heterocycles from the corresponding α‐(difluoromethoxy)ketones as versatile building blocks. Pyrazoles, isoxazoles and pyrimidines could be obtained via an enaminone intermediate, whereas in the direct reaction of α‐(difluoromethoxy)ketones with arylhydrazines, a Fischer indole synthesis was achieved. All these scaffolds, which are uncommon, or even sometimes novel, due to the directly attached emerging fluorinated group (EFG) −OCF2H, might be of high potential in life sciences and appear as an interesting alternative to more and more controversial classical fluorinated groups, such as the ubiquitous trifluoromethyl group.
Clinical relevance of resistance training in women with fibromyalgia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rodríguez‐Domínguez Álvaro‐José , Rebollo‐Salas Manuel , Chillón‐Martínez Raquel , Rosales‐Tristancho Abel , Jiménez‐Rejano José‐Jesús 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThere has been an increase in the number of papers assessing the effects of resistance training (RT) in patients with fibromyalgia. Therefore, the objective of our study was to evaluate the clinical relevance and effectiveness of RT for pain intensity, functionality and severity of the disease specifically in women with fibromyalgia through a systematic review with meta‐analysis.Databases and Data TreatmentSeven databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials conducted in women over 18 years of age with fibromyalgia were included. Fifteen trials were included in the systematic review and 14 of these studies were included in the three meta‐analyses performed. Study quality assessment was performed using the PEDro scale. In addition, the GRADE recommendations were used.ResultsThe global meta‐analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the RT group versus the control group on pain intensity (SMD = −0.49; 95% CI [−0.74, −0.24],p = 0.0001), functionality (SMD = −0.23; 95% CI [0.01, 0.45],p = 0.04) and on severity of the disease (SMD = −0.58; 95% CI [−0.90, −0.26],p = 0.0005). Clinically relevant improvements in the overall outcome of the three variables studied in favour of RT were obtained.ConclusionsRT is effective to improve pain intensity, functionality and severity of the disease in women with fibromyalgia. These improvements are clinically relevant. More clinical trials of RT are needed in women with fibromyalgia to support our results due to the low strength of evidence.SignificanceThis systematic review with meta‐analysis provides evidence that RT produces clinically relevant improvements in women with fibromyalgia. The absence of immediate benefit is often a major barrier to adherence to treatment. Our findings will help clinicians to empower patients that if they continue treatment, they will achieve improvement in their disease.
More than a prejudice reduction effect: Positive intergroup contact reduces conspiracy theory beliefs
Authors: Jolley Daniel , Seger Charles R. , Meleady Rose 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEmerging research suggests intergroup contact has broader implications than prejudice reduction. In three studies, we explored whether positive intergroup contact may serve as a means to reduce conspiracy beliefs. Study 1 (n = 287, pre‐registered) demonstrated that (high quality) contact with immigrants predicted lower belief in immigrant conspiracy theories, a finding that remained when controlling for prejudice. This was replicated in a second study (N = 501), where positive contact with Jewish people predicted lower Jewish conspiracy beliefs. A third study (N = 214) provided experimental evidence of this effect by manipulating exposure to positive contact through mental imagery. In exploratory analyses, we also found that positive contact was associated with lower general conspiracy theorizing via reduced immigrant (Study 1) and Jewish (Study 2) conspiracy beliefs. Our work develops a framework where positive contact could be used as an important tool to reduce harmful conspiracy beliefs.
Credit default swaps and firm risk
Authors: Lin Hai , Nguyen Binh Hoang , Wang Junbo , Zhang Cheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study investigates how initiating a credit default swap (CDS) affects firm risk. Using the firm value volatility as a measure of firm risk, we document that firm risk decreases following the commencement of CDS trading. Further analysis indicates that the empty creditor channel, which arises when a debt holder with CDS protection has no interest in preserving the company it provides funds, is the primary way of influence. Our findings reveal a significant impact of financial innovation on a firm's behavior. We also document that market frictions affect the degree of such effect.
Dynamics of reactive astrocytes fosters tissue regeneration after cuprizone‐induced demyelination
Authors: Schröder Lara‐Jasmin , Mulenge Felix , Pavlou Andreas , Skripuletz Thomas , Stangel Martin , Gudi Viktoria , Kalinke Ulrich 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDemyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and others. Here, we studied astrocytes during de‐ and remyelination in the cuprizone mouse model. To this end, we exploited the ribosomal tagging (RiboTag) technology that is based on Cre‐mediated cell type‐selective HA‐tagging of ribosomes. Analyses were performed in the corpus callosum of GFAP‐Cre+/−Rpl22HA/wt mice 5 weeks after cuprizone feeding, at the peak of demyelination, and 0.5 and 2 weeks after cuprizone withdrawal, when remyelination and tissue repair is initiated. After 5 weeks of cuprizone feeding, reactive astrocytes showed inflammatory signatures with enhanced expression of genes that modulate leukocyte migration (Tlr2, Cd86, Parp14) and they produced the chemokine CXCL10, as verified by histology. Furthermore, demyelination‐induced reactive astrocytes expressed numerous ligands including Cx3cl1, Csf1, Il34, and Gas6 that act on homeostatic as well as activated microglia and thus potentially mediate activation and recruitment of microglia and enhancement of their phagocytotic activity. During early remyelination, HA‐tagged cells displayed reduced inflammatory response signatures, as indicated by shutdown of CXCL10 production, and enhanced expression of osteopontin (SPP1) as well as of factors that are relevant for tissue remodeling (Timp1), regeneration and axonal repair. During late remyelination, the signatures shifted towards resolving inflammation by active suppression of lymphocyte activation and differentiation and support of glia cell differentiation. In conclusion, we detected highly dynamic astroglial transcriptomic signatures in the cuprizone model, which reflects excessive communication among glia cells and highlights different astrocyte functions during neurodegeneration and regeneration.
Plasma glucose is not associated with performance on standard cognitive screening tests in a mixed memory clinic cohort—An observational cross‐sectional study
Authors: Gramkow Mathias Holsey , Simonsen Anja Hviid , Hasselbalch Steen Gregers , Waldemar Gunhild , Frederiksen Kristian Steen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt has been shown under experimental conditions that cognitive performance, especially working memory, is impaired in patients with type I and type II diabetes mellitus during hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic conditions, perhaps due to altered cerebral glucose metabolism. It is not known if patients with neurodegenerative diseases, who also exhibit pathological cerebral glucose metabolism, are affected in a similar manner by their plasma glucose levels.ObjectiveWe aimed to test if performance on two cognitive screening tests was associated with plasma glucose levels in a memory clinic cohort.MethodsWe included patients from the Copenhagen Memory Clinic Cohort with an available Mini Mental‐State Examination (MMSE) test score and a plasma glucose measurement performed in conjunction with cognitive testing. We built linear regression models with MMSE and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE) test scores as the outcome and plasma glucose as the explaining variable and adjusted models for age, sex, and diabetes (plasma glucose measurement >11.1 mmol/L). We explored non‐linear relationships by adding quadratic terms and by fitting a cubic spline regression model.ResultsIn total, 2714 patients had an available MMSE score and a plasma glucose measurement. MMSE and ACE total scores were not associated with plasma glucose in a linear or non‐linear fashion when we adjusted for age, sex, and diabetes.ConclusionPlasma glucose levels, predominantly within normal ranges, were not associated with performance on routinely applied cognitive tests and do not need to be taken into consideration when interpreting test results from memory clinic patients.
Mobility limitations and emotional dysfunction in old age: The moderating effects of physical activity and social ties
Authors: Gyasi Razak M. , Asante Felix , Hambali Mohammed Gazali , Odei Julius , Jacob Louis , Obeng Bernard , Peprah Prince , Asamoah Edward , Agyemang‐Duah Williams , Abass Kabila , Asiki Gershim , Adam Anokye M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to examine the association between mobility limitations and emotional dysfunction among older Ghanaians and evaluate the buffering effect of physical activity (PA) and social ties in this association.MethodsThe analysis included 1201 adults aged ≥50 from the 2016‐17 Aging, Health, Psychological Well‐being, and Health‐seeking Behavior study. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form‐36 (MOS SF‐36) assessed mobility limitations and emotional dysfunction. We measured PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ‐SF). Hierarchical OLS regressions were performed to evaluate the hypothesized direct and interactive relationships.ResultsThe mean age of the sample was 66.2 (SD = 11.9), and 63.3% were women. After full adjustment for potential confounders, OLS regressions found that mobility limitations increased the risk of emotional dysfunction (β = 0.113, p = 0.004). Moreover, social ties (β = −0.157, p < 0.001) and PA (β = −0.096, p < 0.001) were independently and negatively associated with emotional dysfunction. We finally found a significant effect modification of the association of mobility limitations with emotional dysfunction by PA (β = −0.040, p < 0.002) and social ties (β = −0.013, p = 0.013).ConclusionsMobility‐enhancing strategies such as engagement in positive behavioral choices, focusing on regular PA, and maintaining resourceful interpersonal social networks can mitigate the impact of mobility limitations on emotional dysfunction in later life.
Long‐term impacts of an early childhood shock on human capital: Evidence from the 1999 economic crisis in Ecuador
Authors: Pacheco Jimena , Wagner Natascha 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper provides evidence on the lasting effects of the 1999 economic crisis in Ecuador on human capital formation. We show for children born during the crisis that the negative repercussions are still observable more than 10 years after macroeconomic recovery. Taking advantage of micro‐level data collected in 2012 and 2014, we assess long‐term impacts on health and education. After controlling for age‐in‐months and survey effects as well as a linear birth year‐cohort trend that varies by region, we find that after 12–16 years, the cohorts born during the recession report height‐for‐age Z‐scores that are 0.003 standard deviations (SDs) lower for each month of exposure and have 0.002 fewer years of schooling per month exposed compared to the cohorts born outside the recession years. Children exposed to the entire crisis are 0.063 SDs smaller and have 0.042 years less of schooling. Girls have lower health outcomes than boys. Concomitantly, we show that selective childbearing or excess infant mortality are unlikely to drive our results. The persistence of the negative effects points to the existence of a poverty trap suggesting that policy interventions in response to (economic) crizes should be extended beyond macroeconomic recovery to counteract long‐term, micro‐level consequences.
Taxonomic identification of bile salt hydrolase‐encoding lactobacilli: Modulation of the enterohepatic bile acid profile
Authors: Song Ziwei , Feng Shuo , Zhou Xingchen , Song Zhengxing , Li Jing , Li Ping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBile salt hydrolases (BSHs) are enzymes that are essential for the enterohepatic metabolism of bile acids (BAs). BSHs catalyze the production of unconjugated BAs and regulate the homeostasis of BA pool. This study identified Lactobacillus as a crucial BSH‐encoding genus, and 16 main species were obtained using metagenomic data from publicly available human gut microbiome databases. Then, the 16 species of lactobacilli were classified into four typical categories by BSH phylotypes, including five species encoding BSH‐T0, six species encoding BSH‐T2, four species encoding BSH‐T3, and Ligilactobacillus salivarius encoding both BSH‐T0 and BSH‐T3. The lactobacilli with the highest in vitro deconjugation activities against seven conjugated BAs were the BSH‐T3‐encoding strains. Furthermore, in vivo studies in mice administered four representative lactobacilli strains encoding different BSH phylotypes showed that treatment with BSH‐T3‐encoding Limosilactobacillus reuteri altered the structure of the gut microbiome and metabolome and significantly increased the levels of unconjugated BAs and total BA excretion. Our findings facilitated the taxonomic identification of crucial BSH‐encoding lactobacilli in human gut microbiota and shed light on their contributions toward modulation of the enterohepatic circulation of BAs, which will contribute to future therapeutic applications of BSH‐encoding probiotics to improve human health.
Assessment of portal system hemodynamics for the prediction of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Giri Suprabhat , Singh Ankita , Kolhe Kailash , Kozyk Marko , Roy Akash 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe pathogenesis of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhosis is multifactorial, with altered hemodynamics being proposed as a possible contributor. The present systematic review was conducted to study the role of assessment of portal hemodynamics for the prediction of PVT in patients with cirrhosis.MethodsThree databases (Medline, Embase, and Scopus) were searched from inception to February 2023 for studies comparing portal venous system parameters in patients with cirrhosis developing PVT with those not. Results were presented as mean difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 31 studies (patients with cirrhosis: 19 studies, patients with cirrhosis undergoing splenectomy: 12 studies) were included. On pooling the data from multivariable analyses of the included studies, a larger portal vein diameter was a significant predictor of PVT in patients with cirrhosis without or with splenectomy with OR 1.74 (1.12–2.69) and OR 1.55 (1.26–1.92), respectively. On the other hand, a lower portal vein velocity (PVV) was a significant predictor of PVT in cirrhotics without or with splenectomy with OR 0.93 (0.91–0.96) and OR 0.71 (0.61–0.83), respectively. A PVV of <15 cm/s was the most commonly used cut‐off for the prediction of PVT. Patients developing PVT also had a significantly higher splenic length, thickness, and splenic vein velocity.ConclusionThe assessment of portal hemodynamic parameters at baseline evaluation in patients with cirrhosis may predict the development of PVT. Further studies are required to determine the optimal cut‐offs for various parameters.
Utilization of spent coffee grounds as fillers to prepare polypropylene composites for food packaging applications
Authors: Song Wenmin , Yang Yuncong , Cheng Xiuwen , Jiang Mingming , Zhang Rui , Militky Jiri , Cai Yurong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiomass‐derived wastes as the additive of nondegradable plastics have been paid more attention due to the ever‐growing environmental pollution and energy crisis. Herein, the spent coffee grounds (SCG) have been used as fillers in polypropylene (PP) after the heat treatment to realize its recycling utilization. The effect of the heat treatment atmosphere on the properties of the obtained SCG and SCG/PP composites has been investigated systematically. The results show that the residual coffee oil can be removed more thoroughly under an air atmosphere than under a nitrogen atmosphere at a relatively low cost and an eco‐friendly process. The lower residual oil rate of SCG is beneficial to improve the comminution and further enhance the affinity with the PP matrix. The obtained SCG/PP composites hold lower water absorption, higher hydrophobicity, and better mechanical properties, implying their potential applications in the field of food packaging.Research Highlights
Spent coffee grounds have been used as fillers in PP after the heat treatment.
The heat treatment in the air is more favorable for the removal of the coffer oil of SCG.
The low residual oil rate in SCG can improve its comminution and affinity with PP.
The SCG/PP composites hold excellent performances for food packaging applications.
Retroviral b‐Zip protein (HBZ) contributes to the release of soluble and exosomal immune checkpoint molecules in the context of neuroinflammation
Authors: Joseph Julie , Premeaux Thomas A. , Pinto Daniel O. , Rao Abhishek , Guha Shrobona , Panfil Amanda R. , Carey Alison J. , Ndhlovu Lishomwa C. , Bergmann‐Leitner Elke S. , Jain Pooja 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHTLV‐I‐associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a chronic, progressive, neuroinflammatory demyelinating condition of the spinal cord. We have previously shown that aberrant expression and activity of immune checkpoint (ICP) molecules such as PD‐1 and PD‐L1/PD‐L2, negatively associates with the cytolytic potential of T cells in individuals with HAM/TSP. Interestingly, ICPs can exist in a soluble cell‐free form and can be carried on extracellular vesicles (EVs) and exosomes (small EVs, <300 nm) while maintaining their immunomodulatory activity. Therefore, we investigated the role of soluble and exosomal ICPs in HTLV‐1 associated neuroinflammation. For the very first time, we demonstrate a unique elevated presence of several stimulatory (CD27, CD28, 4‐1BB) and inhibitory (BTLA, CTLA‐4, LAG‐3, PD‐1, PD‐L2) ICP receptors in HAM/TSP sera, and in purified exosomes from a HAM/TSP‐derived HTLV‐1‐producing (OSP2) cells. These ICPs were found to be co‐localized with the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) pathway proteins and exhibited functional binding with their respective ligands. Viral proteins and cytokines (primarily IFNγ) were found to be present in purified exosomes. IFNγ exposure enhanced the release of ICP molecules while antiretroviral drugs (Azidothymidine and Lopinavir) significantly inhibited this process. HTLV‐1 b‐Zip protein (HBZ) has been linked to factors that enhance EV release and concurrent knockdown here led to the reduced expression of ESCRT associated genes (e.g., Hrs, Vsp4, Alix, Tsg101) as well as abrogated the release of ICP molecules, suggesting HBZ involvement in this process. Moreso, exosomes from OSP2 cells adversely affected CD8 T‐cell functions by diminishing levels of cytokines and cytotoxic factors. Collectively, these findings highlight exosome‐mediated immunomodulation of T‐cell functions with HBZ and ESCRT pathways as an underlying mechanism in the context of HTLV‐1‐induced neuroinflammation.