bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing durability and Sustainable Preservation of Egyptian Stone Monuments Using metabolites produced by Streptomyces exfoliatus
Authors: Abd-Elhalim Basma T. , Hemdan Bahaa A. , El-Sayed Salwa M. , Ahmed Mahgoub A. , Maan Sodaf A. , Abu-Hussien Samah H. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Despite their threatens for Egyptian stone monuments, A few studies focused on using biocontrol agents against deteriorative fungi and bacteria instead of using chemical assays that leave residuals leading to human toxicity and environmental pollution. This work aims to isolate and identify fungal and bacterial isolates that showed deteriorative activities from stone monuments in Temple of Hathor, Luxor, Egypt, as well as determine the inhibitory activity of metabolites produced by Streptomyces exfoliatus against the identified deteriorative fungal and bacterial strains. Moreover, studying the spectral analysis, toxicological assessment of metabolites produced by S. exfoliatus against health human cell fibroblast (HCF), and colorimetric measurements on the selected stone monuments. Ten samples were collected from Temple of Hathor, Loxor, Egypt. Four fungal isolates and one bacterial isolate were obtained and identified as A. niger isolate Hathor 2, C. fioriniae strain Hathor 3, P. chrysogenum strain Hathor 1, and L. sphaericus strain Hathor 4, respectively. Inhibitory potential of the metabolites in all concentrations used (100–25%) against the recommended antibiotics (Tetracycline 10 µg/ml and Doxycycline 30 µg/ml) showed an inhibitory effect toward all tested deteriorative pathogens with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 25%. Cytotoxicity test confirmed that S. exfoliatus filtrate as the antimicrobial agent was safe for healthy human skin fibroblast with IC50 of < 100% and cell viability of 97%. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis recorded the existence of thirteen antimicrobial agents, Cis-vaccenic acid; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid; ç-Butyl-ç-butyrolactone and other compounds. Colorimetric measurements confirmed no color or surface change for the limestone-treated pieces. The use of S. exfoliatus antimicrobial as a biocontrol agent raises contemporary issues concerning the bio-protection of the Egyptian monuments to reduce chemical formulas that are toxic to humans and pollute the environment. Such serious problems need further investigation for all kinds of monuments.
Study protocol of the OurFutures Vaping Trial: A cluster randomised controlled trial of a school-based eHealth intervention to prevent e-cigarette use among adolescents
Authors: Gardner Lauren A. , Rowe Amy-Leigh , Stockings Emily , Champion Katrina E. , Hides Leanne , McBride Nyanda , Allsop Steve , O’Dean Siobhan , Sunderland Matthew , Lee Yong Yi , Mihalopoulos Cathy , Freeman Becky , Leung Janni , McRobbie Hayden , Stapinski Lexine , Lee Nicole , Thornton Louise , Debenham Jennifer , Teesson Maree , Newton Nicola C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Effective and scalable prevention approaches are urgently needed to address the rapidly increasing rates of e-cigarette use among adolescents. School-based eHealth interventions can be an efficient, effective, and economical approach, yet there are none targeting e-cigarettes within Australia. This paper describes the protocol of the OurFutures Vaping Trial which aims to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the first school-based eHealth intervention targeting e-cigarettes in Australia.

Methods

A two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial will be conducted among Year 7 and/or 8 students (aged 12–14 years) in 42 secondary schools across New South Wales, Western Australia and Queensland, Australia. Using stratified block randomisation, schools will be assigned to either the OurFutures Vaping Program intervention group or an active control group (health education as usual). The intervention consists of four web-based cartoon lessons and accompanying activities delivered during health education over a four-week period. Whilst primarily focused on e-cigarette use, the program simultaneously addresses tobacco cigarette use. Students will complete online self-report surveys at baseline, post-intervention, 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months after baseline. The primary outcome is the uptake of e-cigarette use at 12-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes include the uptake of tobacco smoking, frequency/quantity of e-cigarettes use and tobacco smoking, intentions to use e-cigarettes/tobacco cigarettes, knowledge about e-cigarettes/tobacco cigarettes, motives and attitudes relating to e-cigarettes, self-efficacy to resist peer pressure and refuse e-cigarettes, mental health, quality of life, and resource utilisation. Generalized mixed effects regression will investigate whether receiving the intervention reduces the likelihood of primary and secondary outcomes. Cost-effectiveness and the effect on primary and secondary outcomes will also be examined over the longer-term.

Discussion

If effective, the intervention will be readily accessible to schools via the OurFutures platform and has the potential to make substantial health and economic impact. Without such intervention, young Australians will be the first generation to use nicotine at higher rates than previous generations, thereby undoing decades of effective tobacco control.

Trial registration

The trial has been prospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000022662p; date registered: 10/01/2023).
Planting American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) caused soil acidification and bacterial and fungal communities changes
Authors: Li Shaoyong , Wei Haiwei , Qi Daqian , Li Wenwen , Dong Yan , Duan Fu-Ang , Ni Shou-Qing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background：American ginseng is an important herb crop and is widely cultivated in China. However, continuous cropping obstacles seriously affect the production of American ginseng, and the reason is still unclear and needs more research. We analyzed the soil microbial alpha diversity and community composition as well as soil physicochemical properties, in bulk soils to assess the changes in soil associated with planting American ginseng.
Results：The cultivation of American ginseng resulted in a significant decrease in soil pH. The alpha diversity of soil bacteria and fungi was significantly reduced with the increase of American ginseng planting years. Planting American ginseng also largely altered the community and functional composition of soil bacteria and fungi, in particularly, increased the relative abundance of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium, and readuced the relative abundance of some beneficial microorganisms, such as KD4-96, RB41 and Sphingomonas.
Conclusions：Soil acidification, reduction of beneficial taxa and accumulation of fungal pathogens, therefore, may lead to the replantation problem of American ginseng.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles stabilized with Succinic Acid (AgNPs/SA) and optimization with response surface methodology to investigate synergistic effect with antibiotics
Authors: Begum Irshad , Soomro Zahid , Arif Afsheen , Rashid Zubia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Optimization of silver nanoparticles with response surface methodology is carried out. Silver particles were produced by reduction of silver ions. Silver nanoparticles were encapsulating for stabilization by Succinic acid. These succinic acid embedded silver nanoparticles in combination with fluoroquinolones and macrolides based antibiotic, to study synergetic effect on strain of K.pneumonea bacteria. Three experimental constraints were selected as independent variables; AgNO3 concentration, concentration of stabilizer and stirring time to obtain results. For maximum absorbance of stabilized AgNPs three independent variables were linked together as a well-designed relationship in a selected quadratic model. After the experiment, it was observed that out of three tested parameters (AgNO3, concentration of Stabilizer and stirring time), all factors played vital roles in getting the desired outcomes.
Characterization was carried out by UV/Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR, SEM, DLS and zetasizer. Response surface methodology (RSM) approach was adopted to conclude the impacts of experimental parameters on production and stabilization of AgNPs. UV/Visible indicated a narrow and sharp surface plasmon resonance band (SPR-band) at 400 nm, FT-IR has given a clear drift in frequency the carbonyl 1697 cm-1 shifted 1631 cm-1. SEM image shown spherical-like nanoparticles. The size distribution studied with DLS technique and Zeta potential showed it has relatively narrow size distribution and the z-average diameter of 121.2 nm with low poly dispersity index (PDI) of 0.381. According to RSM, AgNO3 concentration significantly influenced the size of AgNPs/SA.
Unraveling Key Features of Microbial Alpha-Diversity Metrics and Their Practical Applications
Authors: Cassol Ignacio , Ibañez Mauro , Bustamante Juan Pablo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Studies of microbial communities vary widely in terms of analysis methods. In this exponentially growing field, the wide variety of diversity measures and lack of consistency make it harder to compare different studies. Most existing alpha-diversity metrics are inherited from other disciplines and their assumptions are not always directly meaningful or true for microbiome data. Many existing microbiome studies apply one or some alpha diversity metrics with no fundamentals but also an unclear results interpretation. This work focuses on a theoretical, empirical, and comparative analysis of 19 frequently and less-frequently used microbial alpha-diversity metrics grouped into 4 proposed categories, including key features of every analyzed metric with their mathematical assumptions, in order to provide a deeper understanding of the existing metrics and a practical implementation guide for future studies.
In situ observation of coalescence of nuclei in colloidal crystal-crystal transitions
Authors: Peng Yi , Li Wei , Still Tim , Yodh Arjun , Han Yilong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Coalescence of nuclei in phase transitions significantly influences the transition rate and the properties of product materials, but these processes occur rapidly and are difficult to observe at the microscopic scale. Here, we directly image the coalescence of nuclei with single particle resolution during the crystal-crystal transition from a multilayer square to triangular lattices. The coalescence process exhibits three similar stages across a variety of scenarios: coupled growth of two nuclei, their attachment, and relaxation of the coalesced nucleus. The kinetics vary with nucleus size, interface, and lattice orientation; the kinetics include acceleration of nucleus growth, small nucleus liquefaction, and generation/annihilation of defects. Related mechanisms, such as strain induced by nucleus growth and the lower energy of liquid-crystal versus crystal-crystal interfaces, appear to be common to both atomic and colloidal crystals.
Long-distance migration and venting of methane after marine hydrate dissociation
Authors: Davies Richard , Yang Jinxui , Ireland Mark , Berndt Christian , Huuse Mads , Morales-Maqueda Miguel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Marine methane hydrate dissociation has been proposed as a mechanism for past global carbon cycle perturbations and could exacerbate climate change. Modulation of methane venting by bottom water temperature changes has been documented at the landward limit of marine hydrate around continental margins, where vulnerable hydrate exists at or below the seabed. However, in this setting the amount of methane that is climate-sensitive is relatively small as it hosts only ~ 3.5% of the global hydrate reservoir. Here, we show that methane that dissociates from the base of the hydrate stability zone can migrate landward over significant distances from the deepest parts of the continental slope to the shelf break and beyond the landward limit of marine hydrate. We demonstrate this using three-dimensional seismic imaging of the hydrate dissociation zone offshore Mauritania where dissociated methane was channeled at least 40 km and vented through a field of twenty-three giant pockmarks at the shelf break probably during Quaternary interglacials. This shows the ~ 96.5% of methane bound in hydrates further down the slope needs to be considered for estimating climate change-induced methane release during a warming world.
Biomechanical Comparison Of Diffirent Framework Materials In Mandibular Overdenture Prosthesis Supported With Implants Of Different Sizes: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: S Elifnur Güzelce 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the stresses on the supporting bone, implants, and framework materials under masticatory forces in mandibular overdenture prostheses modeled with different framework materials and different implant types, using the finite element analysis (FEA).

Methods:

For the finite element modeling, two identical mandibular jaw models were created, one with two standard (diameter:4.1 mm/12mm length) and the other two mini-implants (diameter:2.4 mm/12mm length) placed in the canine teeth region. The PMMA denture was modeled on them, supported by Cobalt Chromium alloy (CoCr), Poly-ether ether ketone (PEEK), and Zantex materials with framework. No framework was added as a control model; only Polymethilmetacrilate (PMMA) overdenture prosthesis was modeled.

Results:

Regardless of the framework materials of the overdenture prostheses, the stress values on mini-implants in all models yielded approximately two times higher results compared to standard implants. More stress transmission was observed in the support bone and implants in PMMA prostheses and overdenture prostheses supported with PEEK, Zantex, CoCr alloy frameworks, respectively. In the framework materials, more stress occurred on CoCr, Zantex, PEEK in that order.

Conclusion:

In light of this study, the use of mini-implants as an alternative to standard implants is not promising in terms of distribution and transmission of chewing stresses. As an framework material, standard rigid metal alloys were found to be more advantageous than polymer materials in terms of stress distribution.
What do we know about the epidemiology and the management of human echinococcosis in Albania?
Authors: Luga Poleta , Gjata Arben , Akshija Ilir , Mino Ledina , Gjoni Valbona , Pilaca Arben , Zobi Michael , Martinez Gabriela Equihua , Richter Joachim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Echinococcosis is a life-threatening neglected zoonotic disease. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) due to Echinococcus (E.) granulosus usually involves livestock and dogs, alveolar echinococcosis (AE) due to E. multilocularis involves rodents and canines such as foxes and dogs. Humans hosts are infected accidentally via hand to mouth and/or foodborne/waterborne pathways. Albania is deemed to be endemic for cystic echinococcosis (CE) but there is a scarcity of data to confirm this. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar and in other medical sources. Because of the scarcity of existing information data confirming CE cases were reviewed from the medical hospital records Albania`s largest Hospital, the Mother Teresa University Hospital (UHCMT) Tirana and from a large private laboratory in Tirana (Pegasus laboratory). Only 8 eligible publications on 540 CE patients were found. Further 347 cases hospitalized in UHCMT from 2011 to 2020, 36 laboratory cases and 10 Albanian cases notified in Germany were confirmed. Taking all cases into account and considering 162 overlapping cases, 771 cases are documented from 2005 to 2020. The only AE case reported was most likely a multi-organic CE. The most frequent therapy approach used was surgery (84.7%). Autochthonous human CE seems to be common and transmission is ongoing in Albanian. CE patients undergo surgery more frequently as compared with CE cases in other European countries. To enable the control of echinococcosis in Albania, obligatory notification should be re-established. In CE, stage specific therapy enables to reduce therapy cost and mortality by avoiding surgical overtreatment.
Memory after poor practice is contingent on subsequent experience: behavioral evidence supporting the Synaptic Tagging and Capture hypothesis in motor memory consolidation
Authors: Oren Yaniv , Korman Maria , Karni Avi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Synaptic Tagging and Capture hypothesis (STC), addressing hippocampal-dependent memory, explains how memory for a poor learning experience, one that would soon decay, can be enhanced if temporally paired with a ‘strong’, consolidation-triggering, experience. Only ‘strong’ experiences generate cellular plasticity-related-products necessary for synaptic re-modeling; but synapses engaged in a ‘weak’ learning experience can capture and utilize plasticity-related-products generated for a ‘strong’ learning experience that precedes or follows the ‘weak’ one. Here we show, in young adults (N = 100), that limited practice in performing a novel sequence of finger-to-thumb opposition movements, leads to different long-term outcomes depending on whether and when (5-minutes, 5-hours) it is followed by extensive training on a different sequence. The 5-minute pairing, only, resulted in robust overnight gains for the limited-trained sequence and these gains were well-retained a week later; the overnight gains for the extensive-trained sequence were compromised. These results are in line with the STC notion of a capture of cellular resources necessary for synapse re-modeling, generated for the extensive-trained movement sequence, by task-specific synapses temporally ‘tagged’ during the limited training session. This suggests that the STC can apply to and well explain key phenomena in human behavior related to motor (procedural, non-hippocampus dependent) memory.
A Smart Service Model for Smart City: A Context-Based IoT Enabled Deep Learning Approach for Intelligent Transportation System
Authors: Reddy K Hemant Kumar , Goswami Rajat , Roy D S Roy Sinha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Transportation is considered the fundamental pillarof economic growth in any society. Still, inherent issues likeaccidents, higher fuel consumption, and pollution have pavedthe way for the rise of the intelligent transportation system(ITS), which enables safety and improvement in the existingtransportation system. ITS helps the massive collection of datafrom multiple sources, and this big data needs immediate processing for ascertaining the events. However, prediction accuracycontinues to be low because of the trade-off of accuracy with theimmediate detection of an event, and this limits the performanceof ITS. This paper addresses this issue by proposing a novel IoT-enabled distributed context-aware Fog-cloud architecture, whichimproves the prediction accuracy by utilizing a hybrid CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) deep learning (DL) approach.Each vehicle in the system only has a track of the local knowledge.The nearby fog nodes are enabled to know the global eventsthrough incremental federated learning, which gets updatedcontinuously back and forth with fog and cloud. Experimentsdemonstrated in the paper clearly show that the modified versionof VGGNet for the CNN model outperforms RGB images,delivering an accuracy of more than 95%, which is 3% moreaccurate than the LeNet while using RGB images as input
Measuring trends and regimes of rainfall with the use of seasonality patterns in Iran
Authors: Javari Majid 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The trend and regimes of rainfall considerably are different effects on the bio-environmental process. Therefore; climatic elements changes and changed trends and regimes of rainfall are both makers, with severe changes to bio-environmental conditions. In a more detailed analysis, it is essential to detect both trends and regimes of rainfall, distribution of monthly and annual rainfall, as well as seasonality patterns. Therefore, this study used monthly and annual rainfall series records for 1975–2019 from 140 synoptic stations and satellite data such as geopotential height, Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Northern Oscillation Index (NOI), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) to detect the trend and regimes of rainfall in Iran. Statistical analysis with parametric and non-parametric tests for monthly and annual rainfall series was used to detect the rainfall patterns based on selecting the Mann–Kendall test (MK), Sen.’s slope method (SSM), and the t-student test at a 5% significance level. Based on the seasonality index (SI) method to detect the seasonality patterns, we recognized spatial patterns of the regimes of rainfall and trends of rainfall in Iran. Finally, we evaluated the trends and the regimes' patterns of rainfall spatially, the type of trends with decreasing and increasing patterns, and rainfall changes range with spatial statistics models and the temporal distribution. Results show the different slopes from -0.409 to -0.156 mm based on spatial statistics models with the south-north oriented with a total decreasing pattern for rainfall changes. Rainfall patterns show the different patterns temporally (non-trend, decreasing, and increasing) based on stations with different periods in Iran, which may relate this difference to temporal distribution in recorded periods. Based on the seasonality, rainfall regime distribution shows diversity in seasonality in rainfall from an extreme seasonality pattern, mainly in most rainfall in < 3 months pattern, markedly seasonal with a long dry season pattern, mainly seasonal pattern, and extreme seasonality pattern in Iran. Therefore, the results of this study, effects of trends, and rainfall regimes were shown on environmental planning in Iran.
Application of glasses-free 3D in Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) surgery training
Authors: Zheng Ke , Wang Jing , Zhao Wuxiao , Jian Weijun , Han Yinan , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Object: To discuss the application and effect evaluation of glasses-free 3D technology in ICL surgery teaching.
Methods: 10 ophthalmologists with no experience in (implantable collamer lens) ICL surgery were selected to randomly watch the videos of 10 cases of ICL surgery on a 2D traditional screen and 10 cases on a glasses-free 3D screen, respectively, and complete the questionnaire on the learning experience after watching. The learning experience includes the incision making process, anterior chamber changes during viscoelastic injection and removal, the lens position judgment after the injection, the adjustment of the lens loop process, the overall three-dimensionality of the surgery, and the situation of dizziness.
Results: The glasses-free 3D group showed better learning experience (P<0.05) in the incision making process, the changes of the anterior chamber during viscoelastic injection and removal, the adjustment of the lens loop, and the stereoscopic effect of the surgical video. During the lens injection process, the glasses-free 3D group could more accurately determine the initial position of the foot loop (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the accuracy between the two groups (P=0.317) on the question of whether the ICL is turned over. Compared with the traditional 2D group, the glasses-free 3D group was more likely to experience dizziness (P<0.001)
Conclusions: The glasses-free 3D display videos are more conducive for ophthalmologists to learn the key steps of ICL surgery, but it is still prone to dizziness.