bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling potential risk areas of Orthohantavirus transmission in Northwestern Argentina using an ecological niche approach
Authors: López Walter R. , Altamiranda-Saavedra Mariano , Kehl Sebastián D. , Ferro Ignacio , Bellomo Carla , Martínez Valeria P. , Simoy Mario I. , Gil José F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is a rodent-borne zoonosis in the Americas, with up to 50% mortality rates. In Argentina, the Northwestern endemic area presents half of the annually notified HPS cases in the country, transmitted by at least three rodent species recognized as reservoirs of Orthohantavirus. The potential distribution of reservoir species based on ecological niche models (ENM) can be a useful tool to establish risk areas for zoonotic diseases. Our main aim was to generate an Orthohantavirus risk transmission map based on ENM of the reservoir species in northwest Argentina (NWA), to compare this map with the distribution of HPS cases; and to explore the possible effect of climatic and environmental variables on the spatial variation of the infection risk.

Methods
Using the reservoir geographic occurrence data, climatic/environmental variables, and the maximum entropy method, we created models of potential geographic distribution for each reservoir in NWA. We explored the overlap of the HPS cases with the reservoir-based risk map and a deforestation map. Then, we calculated the human population at risk using a census radius layer and a comparison of the environmental variables’ latitudinal variation with the distribution of HPS risk.

Results
We obtained a single best model for each reservoir. The temperature, rainfall, and vegetation cover contributed the most to the models. In total, 945 HPS cases were recorded, of which 97,85% were in the highest risk areas. We estimated that 18% of the NWA population was at risk and 78% of the cases occurred less than 10 km from deforestation. The highest niche overlap was between Calomys fecundus and Oligoryzomys chacoensis.

Conclusions
This study identifies potential risk areas for HPS transmission based on climatic and environmental factors that determine the distribution of the reservoirs and Orthohantavirus transmission in NWA. This can be used by public health authorities as a tool to generate preventive and control measures for HPS in NWA.
Influence of education and subjective financial status on dietary habits among young, middle-aged, and older adults in Japan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nishinakagawa Maki , Sakurai Ryota , Nemoto Yuta , Matsunaga Hiroko , Takebayashi Toru , Fujiwara Yoshinori 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Research has suggested an association between lower socioeconomic status (SES) and unhealthy dietary habits. However, differences in the effects of different SES indicators and age remain unclear. The current study addressed this research gap by investigating the relationship between SES and unhealthy dietary habits, specifically focusing on educational attainment and subjective financial status (SFS) among varied age groups.

Methods
Data were derived from a mail survey of 8,464 people living in a suburb of Tokyo, Japan. Participants were classified into three age groups (20–39 years: young adults; 40–64 years: middle-aged adults; and 65–97 years: older adults). SES was assessed based on individual educational attainment and SFS. Unhealthy dietary habits were defined as skipping breakfast and a low frequency of balanced meal consumption. Participants were asked how often they ate breakfast, and those who did not respond “every day” were categorized as “breakfast skippers.” Low frequency of balanced meal consumption was defined as eating a meal that included a staple meal, main dish, and side dishes at least twice a day for less than five days per week. Poisson regression analyses with robust variance adjusted for potential covariates were used to determine the interactive effects of educational attainment and SFS on unhealthy dietary habits.

Results
Individuals with lower educational attainment across all age groups skipped breakfast more frequently compared to those with higher educational attainment. For older adults, poor SFS was associated with skipping breakfast. Young adults with poor SFS and middle-aged adults with lower educational attainment tended to eat less balanced meals. In addition, an interaction effect was found in older adults, where those with lower education despite good SFS and those with poor SFS despite higher education were at a greater risk of falling into unhealthy diet.

Conclusions
The findings suggested that different SES indicators affect healthy dietary habits in different generations, and therefore, health policies should consider the potential influence of different SES on promoting healthier dietary habits.
Impact on sales of adding a smaller serving size of beer and cider in licensed premises: an A-B-A reversal design
Authors: Mantzari Eleni , Ventsel Minna , Pechey Emily , Lee Ilse , Pilling Mark , Hollands Gareth J. , Marteau Theresa M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSmaller serving sizes of alcoholic drinks could reduce alcohol consumption across populations thereby lowering the risk of many diseases. The effect of modifying the available range of serving sizes of beer and cider in a real-world setting has yet to be studied. The current study assessed the impact on beer and cider sales of adding a serving size of draught beer and cider (2/3 pint) that was between the current smallest (1/2 pint) and largest (1 pint) standard serving sizes.MethodsTwenty-two licensed premises in England consented to taking part in the study. The study used an ABA reversal design, set over three 4-weekly periods, with A representing the non-intervention periods, during which standard serving sizes were served and B the intervention period when a 2/3 pint serving size of draught beer and cider was added to the existing range, along with smaller 1/2 pint and larger 1 pint serving sizes. The primary outcome was the daily volume of beer and cider sold, extracted from sales data.ResultsFourteen premises started the study, of which thirteen completed it. Twelve of those did soper protocoland were included in the primary analysis. After adjusting for pre-specified covariates, the intervention did not have a significant effect on the volume of beer and cider sold per day (3.14 ml; 95%CIs -2.29 to 8.58;p = 0.257).ConclusionsIn licensed premises, there was no evidence that adding a smaller serving size for draught beer and cider (2/3 pint) when the smallest (1/2 pint) and largest (1 pint) sizes were still available, affected the volume of beer and cider sold. Studies are warranted to assess the impact of removing the largest serving size.Trial registrationISRCTN:https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN33169631(08/09/2021), OSF:https://osf.io/xkgdb/(08/09/2021).
Pneumothorax detection with thoracic ultrasound as the method of choice in interventional pulmonology - A retrospective single-center analysis and experience
Authors: Sieber Sonja , Garbe Jakob , Böhm Sebastian , Eisenmann Stephan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have shown that thoracic ultrasound (TUS) is not inferior to chest radiography (CR) in detecting pneumothorax (PTX). It is unclear if adopting TUS can reduce the number of CR in the daily clinical routine. This retrospective study investigates the utilization of post-interventional CR and TUS for PTX detection after the introduction of TUS as the method of choice in an interventional pulmonology unit.

Methods
All interventions with CR or TUS for ruling out PTX performed in the Pneumology Department of the University Hospital Halle (Germany) 2014 to 2020 were included. The documented TUS and CR performed before (period A) and after the introduction of TUS as the method of choice (period B), as well as the number of diagnosed and missed PTX were recorded.

Results
The study included 754 interventions (110 in period A and 644 in period B). The proportion of CR decreased from 98.2% (n = 108) to 25.8% (n = 166) (p < 0.001). During period B, a total of 29 (4.5%) PTX were diagnosed. Of these, 28 (96.6%) were detected on initial imaging (14 by CR, 14 by TUS ). One PTX (0.2%) was initially missed by TUS, none by CR. Confirmatory investigations were ordered more frequently after TUS (21 of 478, 4.4%) than after CR (3 of 166, 1.8%).

Conclusion
The use of TUS in interventional pulmonology can effectively reduce the number of CR and thus save resources. However, CR may still be favored in specific circumstances or if pre-existing conditions limit sonographic findings.
Effects of G-CSF on hPDLSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in the LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment
Authors: Yu Hui , Wang Pengcheng , Lu Haibin , Guan Jiurong , Yao Fang , Zhang Tianyi , Wang Qiuxu , Wang Zuomin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease of periodontal support tissue caused by microorganisms in dental plaque, which causes alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Periodontitis treatment goals include prevention of alveolar bone resorption and promotion of periodontal regeneration. We previously found that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was involved in periodontitis-related alveolar bone resorption through induction of an immune response and subsequent destruction of periodontal tissue. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of G-CSF on abnormal bone remodeling have not yet been fully elucidated. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) are major modulators of osteogenic differentiation in periodontal tissues. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigated whether G-CSF acts effects on hPDLSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, as well as periodontal tissue repair.

Methods
hPDLSCs were cultured and identified by short tandem repeat analysis. The expression patterns and locations of G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) on hPDLSCs were detected by immunofluorescence analysis. The effects of G-CSF on hPDLSCs in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory microenvironment were investigated. Specifically, Cell-Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) and Alizarin red staining were used to examine hPDLSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation; reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression patterns of osteogenesis-related genes (alkaline phosphatase [ALP], runt-related transcription factor 2 [Runx2], and osteocalcin [OCN]) in hPDLSCs; and Western blotting was used to detect the expression patterns of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Results
hPDLSCs exhibited a typical spindle-shaped morphology and good clonogenic ability. G-CSFR was mostly localized on the cell surface membrane. Analyses showed that G-CSF inhibited hPDLSC proliferation. Also, in the LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment, G-CSF inhibited hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation and reduced the expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes. G-CSF increased the protein expression levels of hPDLSC pathway components p-PI3K and p-Akt.

Conclusions
We found that G-CSFR was expressed on hPDLSCs. Furthermore, G-CSF inhibited hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro in the LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment.
The gap between bachelor’s degree graduates in health informatics and employer needs in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzghaibi Haitham 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In the field of health informatics (HI), there is a crucial gap between employers’ needs and the output of academic programmes. Although industrial organisations and government agencies recognise the importance of training and education in the development and operation of health-information systems, advancements in educational programmes have been comparatively slow in terms of investment in healthcare information technology. This study aims to determine the gap between employer demands and academic programmes in HI in Saudi Arabia.

Methods
This mixed-methods study collected both qualitative and quantitative data. A qualitative content analysis was performed to identify the role of advertised HI jobs using two sources: Google and LinkedIn. In addition, university websites were searched to determine job opportunities for graduates with a bachelor’s degree in HI. Next, a quantitative, cross-sectional self-report questionnaire was administered to validate the findings of the qualitative data. Data obtained were analysed using SPSS, N-Vivo, and Microsoft Excel.

Results
The study’s data were obtained from four sources: Google search engine, LinkedIn, five Saudi university websites, and 127 HI experts. The results show a discrepancy between academic programmes’ outputs and employer recruitment needs. In addition, the results reveal a preference for post-graduate degrees, either a master’s or PhD degree, with a bachelor’s degree in a health or medical discipline.

Conclusions
Employers tend to prefer applicants with a bachelor’s degree in computer science or information technology over those with a degree in HI. Academic programmes should incorporate more practical applications and provide students with a thorough understanding of the healthcare industry to better equip them as efficient future HI professionals.
The impact of global health outreach experiences on medical student burnout
Authors: Kuehn Thomas , Crandall Cody , Schmidt Jefferson , Richards Zeke , Park Taylor , Szczepaniak Morgan , Zapata Isain , Wardle Mark 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Student burnout during medical education is a prevalent and critical problem. Burnout has reaching consequences, including negative health outcomes for students, financial loss for schools, and worsened patient care as students transition to practice. Global Health Outreach Experiences (GHOEs), known to enhance cultural awareness and clinical knowledge among medical students, are offered in most programs. Prior studies document that GHOEs benefit physicians suffering from burnout, with effects demonstrating improvement over 6 months. No study, to our knowledge, has assessed the influence GHOEs may have on medical student burnout with a comparable control group. This study examines whether participation in a GHOE, compared to a standard break from school, has a positive effect on burnout.

Methods
A case control study utilizing the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was conducted on medical students. 41 students participated in a one-week, spring break GHOE and 252 were randomly selected as non-participating students in a control group. Assessments were gathered 1 week prior, 1 week after, and 10 weeks after spring break. Response across the surveys in chronological order included 22, 20, 19 GHOE and 70, 66, 50 control participants.

Results
A significant reduction in personal burnout (PB) (P = 0.0161), studies related burnout (SRB) (P = 0.0056), and colleagues related burnout (CRB) (P = 0.0357) was found among GHOE attendees compared to control participants at 10-weeks after spring break. When modeled with potential confounders, CRB and SRB reductions remained significant.

Conclusion
GHOEs may be a potential tool for institutions to combat burnout rates in their students. The benefits of GHOEs appear to enhance over time.
An exploratory university-based cross-sectional study of the prevalence and reporting of mistreatment and student-related factors among Thai medical students
Authors: Naothavorn Waravudh , Puranitee Pongtong , Kaewpila Winitra , Sumrithe Sutida , Heeneman Sylvia , van Mook Walther N. K. A. , Busari Jamiu O. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Mistreatment is a behavior that reflects disrespect for the dignity of others. Mistreatment can be intentional or unintentional, and can interfere with the process of learning and perceived well-being. This study explored the prevalence and characteristics of mistreatment, mistreatment reporting, student-related factors, and consequences among medical students in Thai context.

Methods
We first developed a Thai version of the Clinical Workplace Learning Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) using a forward-back translation process with quality analysis. The design was a cross-sectional survey study, using the Thai Clinical Workplace Learning NAQ-R, Thai Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, Thai Patient Health Questionnaire (to assess depression risk), demographic information, mistreatment characteristics, mistreatment reports, related factors, and consequences. Descriptive and correlational analyses using multivariate analysis of variance were conducted.

Results
In total, 681 medical students (52.4% female, 54.6% in the clinical years) completed the surveys (79.1% response rate). The reliability of the Thai Clinical Workplace Learning NAQ-R was high (Cronbach’s alpha 0.922), with a high degree of agreement (83.9%). Most participants (n = 510, 74.5%) reported that they had experienced mistreatment. The most common type of mistreatment was workplace learning-related bullying (67.7%), and the most common source was attending staff or teachers (31.6%). People who mistreated preclinical medical students were most often senior students or peers (25.9%). People who mistreated clinical students were most commonly attending staff (57.5%). Only 56 students (8.2%) reported these instances of mistreatment to others. Students’ academic year was significantly related to workplace learning-related bullying (r = 0.261, p < 0.001). Depression and burnout risk were significantly associated with person-related bullying (depression: r = 0.20, p < 0.001, burnout: r = 0.20, p = 0.012). Students who experienced person-related bullying were more often the subject of filed unprofessional behavior reports, concerning conflict or arguments with colleagues, being absent from class or work without reasonable cause, and mistreatment of others.

Conclusions
Mistreatment of medical students was evident in medical school and was related to the risk for depression and burnout, as well as the risk of unprofessional behavior.

Trial registration
TCTR20230107006(07/01/2023).
Socioeconomic factors, perceived stress, and social support effect on neonatal nurse burnout in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Zhen-peng , Huang Fang , Liang Qun , Liao Feng-zhen , Tang Chuan-zhuang , Luo Min-lan , Lu Si-lan , Lian Jing-jing , Li Shan-e , Wei Su-qiao , Wu Bin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Neonatal nurses’ working environments are highly stressful, and burnout is common. This study examines the effect of socioeconomic factors, perceived stress, and social support on neonatal nurse burnout.

Methods
A total of 311 neonatal nurses participated in this study. They were administered a validated Maslach Burnout Inventory. The study employed a 14-item perceived stress scale (PSS-14) and a social support rate scale (SSRS) to examine stress, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyles.

Results
Of the neonatal nurses, 40.19% had burnout, 89.60% had mild burnout, and 10.40% had moderate burnout; no neonatal nurse experienced severe burnout. Young nurses and those with low technical skills, poor interpersonal relationships, irregular diet, and insufficient rest were exposed to burnout (all p < 0.05).Most burnout nurses experienced moderate-severe perceived stress, and their PSS-14 scores were higher (all p < 0.05).The scores for objective social support, subjective social support, utilization of social support, total SSRS scores, and the level of social support were all lower in burnout nurses (all p < 0.05). Perceived stress was correlated positively and significantly with emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment (all p < 0.05). Social support correlated significantly with and reduced personal accomplishments (p < 0.05). Age, poor interpersonal relationships, perceived stress, and social support were all independent factors associated with neonatal nurse burnout (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The prevalence of burnout in neonatal nurses was higher than average. Socioeconomic factors, higher perceived stress, and lower social support contribute to neonatal nurse burnout. Nursing managers should pay attention to socioeconomic factors, perceived stress, and social support among neonatal nurses and employ strategies to reduce neonatal nurse burnout.
Understanding the age spectrum of respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalisation and mortality burden based on statistical modelling methods: a systematic analysis
Authors: Cong Bingbing , Dighero Izzie , Zhang Tiantian , Chung Alexandria , Nair Harish , Li You 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Statistical modelling studies based on excess morbidity and mortality are important for understanding RSV disease burden for age groups that are less frequently tested for RSV. We aimed to understand the full age spectrum of RSV morbidity and mortality burden based on statistical modelling studies, as well as the value of modelling studies in RSV disease burden estimation.

Methods
The databases Medline, Embase and Global Health were searched to identify studies published between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2021, reporting RSV-associated excess hospitalisation or mortality rates of any case definitions using a modelling approach. All reported rates were summarised using median, IQR (Interquartile range) and range by age group, outcome and country income group; where applicable, a random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to combine the reported rates. We further estimated the proportion of RSV hospitalisations that could be captured in clinical databases.

Results
A total of 32 studies were included, with 26 studies from high-income countries. RSV-associated hospitalisation and mortality rates both showed a U-shape age pattern. Lowest and highest RSV acute respiratory infection (ARI) hospitalisation rates were found in 5–17 years (median: 1.6/100,000 population, IQR: 1.3–18.5) and < 1 year (2235.7/100,000 population, 1779.1–3552.5), respectively. Lowest and highest RSV mortality rates were found in 18–49 years (0.1/100,000 population, 0.06–0.2) and ≥ 75 years (80.0/100,000 population, 70.0–90.0) for high-income countries, respectively, and in 18–49 years (0.3/100,000 population, 0.1–2.4) and < 1 year (143.4/100,000 population, 143.4–143.4) for upper-middle income countries. More than 70% of RSV hospitalisations in children < 5 years could be captured in clinical databases whereas less than 10% of RSV hospitalisations could be captured in adults, especially for adults ≥ 50 years. Using pneumonia and influenza (P&I) mortality could potentially capture half of all RSV mortality in older adults but only 10–30% of RSV mortality in children.

Conclusions
Our study provides insights into the age spectrum of RSV hospitalisation and mortality. RSV disease burden using laboratory records alone could be substantially severely underreported for age groups ≥ 5 years. Our findings confirm infants and older adults should be prioritised for RSV immunisation programmes.

Trial registration
PROSPERO CRD42020173430.