bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic T Cells Targeting Spike Glycoprotein Are Associated with Hybrid Immunity to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Phan Jolie M , Layton Erik D , Yu Krystle K Q , Aguilar Melissa S , Golez Inah , Franko Nicholas M , Logue Jennifer K , Rodda Lauren B , Howard Christian A , Pepper Marion , Gale Michael , Chu Helen Y , Seshadri Chetan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
mRNA vaccination of individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection provides superior protection against breakthrough infections with variants of concern compared with vaccination in the absence of prior infection. However, the immune mechanisms by which this hybrid immunity is generated and maintained are unknown. Whereas genetic variation in spike glycoprotein effectively subverts neutralizing Abs, spike-specific T cells are generally maintained against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Thus, we comprehensively profiled human T cell responses against the S1 and S2 domains of spike glycoprotein in a cohort of SARS-CoV-2–naive (n = 13) or –convalescent (n = 17) individuals who received two-dose mRNA vaccine series and were matched by age, sex, and vaccine type. Using flow cytometry, we observed that the overall functional breadth of CD4 T cells and polyfunctional Th1 responses was similar between the two groups. However, polyfunctional cytotoxic CD4 T cell responses against both S1 and S2 domains trended higher among convalescent subjects. Multimodal single-cell RNA sequencing revealed diverse functional programs in spike-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells in both groups. However, convalescent individuals displayed enhanced cytotoxic and antiviral CD8 T cell responses to both S1 and S2 in the absence of cytokine production. Taken together, our data suggest that cytotoxic CD4 and CD8 T cells targeting spike glycoprotein may partially account for hybrid immunity and protection against breakthrough infections with SARS-CoV-2.
Yogic practices for dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sairem Bandana , Jain Khushbu 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND:
Diabetes ranks third and tenth among both men and women, respectively, in terms of probable causes of life loss. It has been linked to a variety of cardiovascular problems, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, neuropathy, and more. Diabetic dyslipidemia is one of the main factors that contribute to coronary artery disease fatalities. The use of pharmaceuticals to treat these conditions has a number of negative consequences. People are looking for alternatives to traditional treatments that have no or few adverse effects. Yoga is a comprehensive wellness technique that emphasizes both the body and the mind. Yoga has been shown in multiple clinical studies to reduce the risk of Type 2 diabetes and associated complications, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia. The review's goal is to synthesize all relevant research findings.

METHODS:
Data were gathered through a stepwise search method that used keywords to search the online PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library databases.

RESULTS:
After examining the databases for 76 potentially relevant papers, six randomized-controlled trials that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen. The number of participants ranged from 20 to 231, with Yoga sessions lasting from 10 days to 24 weeks. Studies have revealed a good lipid profile as well as other diabetes-related markers such as fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose after Yogic interventions most of which includes Surya Namaskara, Asana such as Pawanmuktasana, Bhujangasana, Ardha matsyendrasana, Pranayama, and Meditation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Yogic practices such as Surya namaskara, Pawanmuktasana, Bhujangasana, and Ardha matsyendrasana along with the practices of pranayama and meditation appears to have a favorable effect on lipid profiles in people with type 2 diabetes.
Clinical management of large perforating internal root resorption with collagen and mineral trioxide aggregate: Two case reports
Authors: Ghosh Soumyadeep , Shetty Rajatha V. , Mathew Sylvia , Nagaraja Shruthi 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Endodontic management of internal root resorption is challenging due to difficulty in debridement of the entire canal contents, disinfection, and control of the resorptive process. Often, there is no barrier to stop the repair material from being pushed into the periradicular tissues. In these case reports, we discuss the clinical management of internal root resorption, use of two forms of collagen used as a barrier material with mineral trioxide aggregate. – One-year follow-up of these cases reveals complete healing.
The management of separated endodontic instruments using a customized syringe and loop technique: A case series
Authors: Penukonda Raghavendra , Amlani Harsh , Pattar Harshada , Lin Galvin Sim Siang 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The separation of the nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files is seen occasionally due to improper use and lack of technique, which results in improper cleaning and shaping of the root canals, compromising the treatment outcome. Various techniques have been introduced to either bypass or retrieve the separated instrument. The present case series highlighted a low-cost and straightforward alternative to retrieve the separated NiTi rotary instruments using a customized syringe and loop technique with the assistance of a dental operating microscope. Three cases of fractured instruments in different root canals were addressed, with the customized syringe and loop technique being used to retrieve the instruments successfully. This supports the use of a convenient, reliable, and cost-effective approach to managing fractured endodontic instruments without costly equipment or specific retrieval kits.
Salivary Biomarkers (Vitamin D, Calcium, and Estrogen Hormone) in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis
Authors: AL-Amiry Ameera Y. , Najem Areej A. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that weakens bones by lowering mineral density and causing micro-architectural degradation of bony tissue.

Aim:
This study was conducted to examine the use of vitamin D, calcium, and estrogen levels in saliva as biomarkers for early detection of osteoporosis.

Materials and Methods:
Ninety postmenopausal women were divided into three groups based on T-scores from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. The groups consist of 30 women with osteoporosis, 30 women with osteopenia, and 30 women serving as controls. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to look for vitamin D and estrogen in the saliva by specific vitamin D3 and estradiol kits. Calcium concentrations were measured by a colorimetric method.

Results:
The level of salivary biomarkers (vitamin D, calcium, and estrogen) showed a clear distinction between the groups analyzed. Salivary estrogen and vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with osteoporosis compared to those with osteopenia and controls. The highest concentration of calcium was found in the osteoporosis group’s saliva compared to the other groups.

Conclusion:
The results highlight the significance of vitamin D, calcium, and estrogen in saliva as a simple, noninvasive biomarker in diagnosing postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Bridging the Cultural Challenges: The Formation of Transnational Social and Cultural Opportunities by African Students in Turkey
Authors: Farah Abdulkadir Osman , Barack Calvince Omondi 
Published: March 2023

In Turkey, the number of African university students has been on the rise since 2011, especially those on Turkish scholarships. This development is part of Turkey’s soft-power expansion to Africa and is also due to African students being able to access university education in the North. Using ethnographic qualitative research and focus group methods, involving interviews and discussions with 45 African students at university in Turkey, this study found that African students in Turkey confront multiple challenges with regard to linguistic and cultural adaptation into Turkish society. Despite these obstacles, African students draw upon their agency innovatively in promoting their educational interests and rely on their abilities to break the sociocultural barriers. Based on these findings, this research provides insight into how African university students in Turkey mobilise formal and informal resources transnationally to creatively develop transnational sociocultural platforms that are beneficial to their immediate educational goals and to their subsequent pursuit of opportunities and a career within an increasingly complex transnational world.
Advancing South Africa’s District-Centred Model of Economic Development
Authors: Bodley David , Lloyd Hendrik , Zeelie Jo 
Published: March 2023

There is a history of small enterprise failure in South Africa, which is concerning, given the country’s high unemployment levels. The complex skills required to succeed as a small business operator can, however, be attained through deliberate practice techniques. In this paper, the literature is used to contextualise rural enterprise development in South Africa. Furthermore, the study utilises primary data to investigate support for aspirant entrepreneurs in rural KwaZulu-Natal using qualitative research methodologies. The findings reinforced certain facts within the body of knowledge as it relates to rural enterprise development. However, there are also some interesting new insights that this paper presents. These insights are highlighted, and recommendations are proposed in the context of the government’s districtcentred model of economic development.
Assessment of popular knowledge and uses of Vigna subterranea (L.) for prebreeding programs in Douala (Cameroon)
Authors: Ndiang Zenabou , Ottou Patrice Brice Mvogo , Likeng-Li-Ngue Bénoit-Constant , Ngalle Hermine Bille , Fils Pascal Eric Billong , Tchabong Gaëtan Romaric Ngapmeu , Dabandata Célestin , Bell Joseph Martin 
Published: March 2023

The main goal of this study is to assess the endogenous knowledge on the diversity of V. subterranea (L.) and its different habits using an ethnobotanical survey in five (05) districts of Douala in the Littoral region of Cameroon. To achieve this objective, the survey was realised on among 170 households from 18 neighbourhoods and 118 traders working in 12 markets from Douala I, II, III, IV and V. Subsequently, the survey revealed that surveyed originated from nine (09) ethnic groups belonging to the Littoral, West, Centre and North Cameroon Regions, forming a representative sample for the country. The study reveals a variety of local nomenclature from one ethnic group to another, such as “Matobo”, “Matobi” and “Matopi” having dominantly the same radical “Matob” in the coastal area and suggesting the same source of languages. The seed colour (77.08%) appear as the main popular criterion for the recognition of morphotypes (multicolored ~77.66%, white ~14.77%, red ~3.38%, brown ~3.38% and black ~1.27%). The consumption of seeds (fresh or cooked) is ubiquitous but can induce few undesirable effects such as diarrhoea, constipation and allergies. The survey equally reveals therapeutic effects (29.6%) of organs on digestive disorders, cataracts, and infected wounds. These results permit to identify the rich secular knowledge, culinary habits and medicinal virtues linked to morphotypes usable for prebreeding programs of V. subterranea.
An investigation of factors impacting visitors to a botanic park: Factor analysis of push and pull framework
Authors: Sinh Nguyen Hoang , Hoa Hoang Thi 
Published: March 2023

The paper focuses on investigating factors impacting visitors’ loyal behaviour and factor analysis of push and pull motivations to a botanic park. To do so, the research is divided into two phases that are qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative phase, in-depth interviews are used to gather initial insights into the visitors’ push and pull motivations to a botanic park. In the quantitative phase, a survey is taken to collect data then factor analysis is carried out to group similar variables of push and pull together for the identification of different market segments.
Survey data is gathered from a sample size of 228 individuals and analyzed in SPSS. The analysis from the quantitative phase validated the insights/concepts deriving from the qualitative phase. As a result, results of factor analysis show that the total of 09 push variables have been combined into 02 factors (family/fun and thrill-seeking) and 12 pull variables into 03 factors (nature/resources, facilities/services, place/accessibility). By grouping these similar motivations together, it helps support park managers in enhancing and improving the park’s motives, features, and facilities in a way that satisfies visitors the most.
Hiện trạng kháng thuốc kháng sinh của một số chủng vi khuẩn gây bệnh phân lập từ cá rô đồng (Anabas testudineus) ở các trang trại trên địa bàn Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Cường Trần Kiên , Đoan Huỳnh Trần Thục , Dũng Phan Tiến , Luân Nguyễn Thành , Hà Phạm Thị Hải 
Published: March 2023

Giới thiệu: Cá rô đồng (Anabas testudineus) hiện đang là đối tượng nuôi có giá trị kinh tế cao, phân bố nhiều quốc gia trong đó có Việt Nam. Việc lạm dụng kháng sinh, hóa chất kháng khuẩn đang gây nhiều tác động tiêu cực tới môi trường cũng như con người.
Vật liệu và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu thu nhận những mẫu cá rô đồng có các dấu hiệu nghi ngờ nhiễm bệnh và tiến hành phân lập khuẩn từ các mẫu cá thu nhận. Vi khuẩn phân lập được kiểm tra đặc tính hình thái, đặc trưng sinh hóa và tiến hành đánh giá tình trạng kháng kháng sinh của chúng bằng phương pháp kháng sinh đồ bằng đĩa giấy tẩm kháng sinh, phương pháp giải trình tự phân tích cây phát sinh loài bằng phần mềm Mega 11, model Kimura-2-parameter bootstrap 1,000 lần được dùng để định danh phân tử bằng gen 16S rRNA.
Kết quả: Nghiên cứu đã phân lập được 14 nhóm vi sinh từ cá rô đồng bệnh/dấu hiệu lạ thu thập từ các trang trại trên địa bàn Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TP.HCM). Nghiên cứu tiếp tục định danh 04 chủng vi khuẩn có mức độ tương đồng khi so sánh trình tự gen 16S rRNA lần lượt Pseudomonas aeruginosa (99.77%), Aeromonas dhakensis (99.93%), Kosakonia sacchari (100%), và Edwardsiella ictaluri (99.44%).
Kết luận: Kết quả thu nhận 04 chủng khuẩn giải trình tự có hiện trạng đa kháng kháng sinh trên cá rô đồng A. testudineus đang lưu hành ở TP.HCM.
FEATURES OF THE DYNAMICS OF EROSION PLUMES AT THE ACTING OF INTENSIVE NANOSECOND LASER PULSES ON A GRAPHITE TARGET IN VACUUM
Authors: Goncharov V. K. , Puzyrev M. V. , Stupakevich V. Yu. 
Published: March 2023

The temporal characteristics of the glow intensity of erosion laser plumes near the surface under the action of nanosecond laser pulses on a carbon target are experimentally studied. The interaction of laser radiation with the destruction products of plume is minimal due to the formation of erosion plasma with a delay relative to the acting laser pulse. Using a modernized spectrometer, the spectral characteristics of an erosion
laser plume near the surface of a carbon target with a time resolution of 10–8 s are studied, and the characteristic plasmodynamic times in the plume are ~10–6 s. It is shown that the emission of spectral lines of carbon appears with a delay relative to the glow of the continuous background, when the erosion plume is cooled during expansion. The results of the study make it possible to optimize some characteristics of the laser-
plasma source for the deposition of nanocoatings.
LONGITUDINAL RELAXATION OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIZATION IN RUBBER SOLUTIONS: POLYISOPRENE PROTONS
Authors: Makhiyanov N. , Efimov S. V. 
Published: March 2023

The longitudinal (spin-lattice) relaxation times of Т1 of protons are measured selectively (for various structural groups) at a nuclear magnetic resonance frequency of 700 MHz in a solution of an industrial sample of Cariflex-IR0307 isoprene rubber in deuterated benzene. It is shown that the value of T1 significantly
depends on the structural position in the polyisoprene chain. The highest values of T1 are obtained at double bonds of monomer units in the cis-configuration and the methyl group of the trans-unit, the smallest values were obtained for the methine and methylene protons of the 3,4-unit, with a difference of two to three times. The questions of measurement accuracy are considered. Practical recommendations are formulated for the conditions of recording high-resolution NMR1H spectra at quantitative analysis of the structure of isoprene rubbers.
AVALIAÇÃO DAS CAUSAS DE INTERNAMENTO NAS UTI’S PEDIÁTRICA E NEONATAL DO HOSPITAL SÃO LUCAS NOS PERÍODOS DE MARÇO DE 2018 A AGOSTO DE 2019 E MARÇO DE 2020 A AGOSTO DE 2021
Authors: Pereira Paulino Andressa , Cassol Zancanaro Isadora , Beletini da Silva Martelli Alliny 
Published: March 2023

A epidemiologia fornece um banco de dados que revela as causas, comportamentos e fatores de risco mais comuns para doenças, o que permite elaborar mecanismos para prevenir, reduzir ou mesmo eliminar de forma mais eficaz a exposição. Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo de análise qualitativa e quantitativa, realizado por meio da avaliação dos prontuários médicos de pacientes em cuidado crítico atendidos em hospital de ensino privado no município de Cascavel/PR. Foram utilizados os dados dos pacientes da UTI neonatal e pediátrica internados no período pré pandemia (março de 2018 a agosto de 2019) e período pandêmico (março de 2020 a agosto de 2021). Durante o período estudado foram contabilizadas 648 internações, sendo elas 340 (52,4%) no período pré pandêmico (Pré) e 308 (47,6%) no período pandêmico (Durante). Deste universo, 408 (62,9%) estavam na UTI neonatal (NEO) e 240 (37,1%) na UTI pediátrica (PED). Quanto ao sexo, 291 (44%) pacientes eram do sexo feminino e 357 (56%) eram do sexo masculino. Neste período, 270 (41%) internamentos se deu em leito SUS e (59%) foram de origem particular. Cento e trinta e sete (21%) pacientes estiveram internados em leito de UTI por mais de 16 dias. Quanto ao desfecho, 562 (86,7%) tiveram alta hospitalar com melhora. Para os internados na UTI NEO e PED, durante a pandemia a principal demanda foi relacionada ao sistema respiratório.
Measuring the Performance of Machine Learning Forecasting Models to Support Bitcoin Investment Decisions
Authors: Buathong Wipawan , Sieng-EK Piroj , Jarupunphol Pita 
Published: March 2023

This research proposed machine learning forecasting models to support bitcoin investment decisions based on bitcoin price and trade volume from 2019 to 2021. The moving average crossovers of 5, 30, and 90 daily closing prices and their variances were inputs loaded into decision tree, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) techniques to forecast bitcoin investment strategies, including market trends, actions, and holding amounts. The research also measured the models' performance based on accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and area under the curve-receiver operating characteristics (AUC-ROC). The results indicated that the XGBoost is the most efficient model: (1) trend (0.930 accuracy, 0.930 precision, 0.930 recall, 0.929 F1-score, and 0.983 AUC-ROC); (2) action (0.985 accuracy, 0.985 precision, 0.985 recall, 0.985 F1-score, and 0.998 AUC-ROC); and (3) amount (0.987 accuracy, 0.987 precision, 0.987 recall, 0.987 F1-score, and 0.997 AUC-ROC). The random forest achieved the second most efficient model, while the decision tree provided the lowest forecasting results. Since the bitcoin investment market in 2022 is significantly different from the previous two years due to several negative factors, the research further validated the models' performance with an unseen data set comprising 275 days of bitcoin market prices from January 1 to October 2, 2022. All the models suggested that investors hold with half the investment consistent with the investment market in 2022. Furthermore, although the decision tree and XGBoost models forecasted the investment trend for most days as up, the random forest forecasted the trend as sideway, consistent with the 2022 trend.

Received: 23 January 2023 | Revised: 22 February 2023 | Accepted: 23 March 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in [The Securities and Exchange Commission] at https://www.sec.or.th/TH/Pages/WEEKLYREPORT-2564-12.aspx; in [Yahoo Finance] at https://finance.yahoo.com/.
Sosyolojik Eleştiri Kuramına Örnek Bir İnceleme: Değirmen Öykü Kitabı
Authors: AYTÜRK Ferhat , ÖZGÖKÇE Pınar 
Published: March 2023

Edebiyat kuramları esas itibariyle bir eleştirinin tezahürüdür. Platon’dan bu yana birçok edebiyat kuramı ortaya atılmış ve her biri bir öncekine tepki olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu kuramlar çeşitli edebiyat ilkelerinin ve prensiplerinin incelemesini konu alır. Edebiyat kuramları yapıları itibariyle evrenseldirler. Herhangi bir ülkenin edebiyatına ait bir kuram bir başka ülke edebiyatının ortaya koymuş olduğu metinlere amaçları doğrultusunda uygulanabilmektedir. Sosyolojik Eleştiri Kuramı da edebi eserle toplumsal olanlar arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemesi dolayısıyla dünyanın herhangi bir yerinde bir toplumu ele alan metne uygulanabilmektedir. Esas olarak toplumsal gerçekçi bir yazar olan Sabahattin Ali’nin eserlerinin büyük bir çoğunluğunda toplum sorunları, toplumsal ilişkileri, sosyal sınıfları vb. görmek mümkündür. Bu özellik, öykülerinde diğer eserlerine oranla daha yoğun bir şekilde görülmektedir. Çalışmada ele aldığımız Değirmen öykü kitabı ele aldığı sosyal adaletsizlik ve sınıfsal ayrım, toplumsal yozlaşma gibi toplumsal sorunları irdelemektedir. Ayrıca köy yaşantısı ve sorunları, şehirli ve köylü sınıfsal farkların da kimi öykülerde vurgulanan unsurlardan olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmada tüm bu unsurlar Sosyolojik Eleştiri Kuramı çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyolojik Eleştiri, Kuram, Öykü, Toplumsal Sorun
MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA HÌNH ẢNH TỔN THƯƠNG CHỎM XƯƠNG ĐÙI TRÊN PHIM CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ VỚI MỨC ĐỘ ĐAU VÀ GIAI ĐOẠN BỆNH HOẠI TỬ VÔ KHUẨN CHỎM XƯƠNG ĐÙI
Authors: Lê Thùy Dương , Lưu Thị Bình , Nguyễn Minh Núi 
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: Xác định mối liên quan giữa đặc điểm hình ảnh tổn thương trên phim cộng hưởng từ với mức độ đau và giai đoạn bệnh của các bệnh nhân hoại tử vô khuẩn chỏm xương đùi. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 245 bệnh nhân (416 chỏm xương đùi) hoại tử vô khuẩn chỏm xương đùi tại các Bệnh viện Việt Đức, Bạch Mai, E và Bệnh viện Trung ương Thái Nguyên từ tháng 1/2017 - 4/2022. Kết quả: Dấu hiệu đường đôi gặp nhiều nhất ở giai đoạn II (92,4%), phù tuỷ thường thấy nhất ở giai đoạn III (89,0%). 54,5% chỏm xương đùi giai đoạn I có vùng hoại tử dưới 15% diện chỏm xương đùi, 43,5% chỏm xương đùi giai đoạn II có vùng hoại tử trên 30% diện chỏm xương đùi. Gãy xương dưới sụn và xẹp chỏm xương đùi mức độ nhẹ (<15%) gặp nhiều nhất ở giai đoạn III của bệnh với tỷ lệ 26,5% và 60,2%; gãy xương dưới sụn và xẹp chỏm xương đùi mức độ nặng (>30%) ở giai đoạn IV chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là 24,2% và 46,2%. Tỷ lệ phù tủy chỏm xương đùi và tràn dịch khớp háng tăng dần theo mức độ đau (p<0,001). Tỷ lệ khớp háng có triệu chứng đau mức độ nặng trên lâm sàng gặp ở 89,2% chỏm xương đùi có dấu hiệu phù tủy và 84,2% khớp háng có tràn dịch trên phim cộng hưởng từ. Tỷ lệ chỏm xương đùi có hình ảnh đường đôi trên cộng hưởng từ giảm dần theo mức độ đau khớp háng (p< 0,005). Kết luận: Hình ảnh tổn thương trên cộng hưởng từ của chỏm xương đùi hoại tử có liên quan với mức độ đau và giai đoạn bệnh.