bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of Bio Fertilizers and Phosphorus on Yield and Economics of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)
Authors: Angel Neela Saron , Singh Rajesh 
Published: April 2023

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2022, at crop research farm, Department of Agronomy at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.).India. The objective is to study the Response of Bio fertilizers and Phosphorus on yield and economics pearl millet. The treatments consisted of three levels of Bio fertilizers (20 g/kg Azotobacter, 20 g/kg Azospirillum, 20 g/kg Azotobacter + Azospirillum) and three levels of phosphorus (35, 40 and 45 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with the ten treatments combinations replicated thrice. The soil in experimental field was sandy loam in texture, having alkaline reaction (pH 7.7) with very low organic carbon (0.44%), available higher N (171.48 kg/ha), P (27.0 kg/ha) and higher level of K (291.2 kg/ha).The results show significantly higher in yield attributes viz. ear head length (25.25 cm), number of grains/ear head (2010.9),and yield viz. grain yield (3.25 t/ha) and Stover yield (6.27 t/ha). Maximum gross return (113750.00 INR/ha), net return (81010.00 INR/ha) and Benefit - cost ratio (2.47) was found in treatment (T9) with the application of 20 g/ kg Azotobacter + Azospirillum + 45 kg/ha Phosphorous.
Detection of Dengue Virus IgM Seropositivity and Malaria Co-infection among Individuals Resident on the Banks of River Niger in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Michael Ntum Ifeanyichukwu , Chimuanya Umezurike Kingsley , Mariagoretti Chukwuma Oluchukwu , Onochie Manafa Patrick , Okechukwu Chukwuma George 
Published: April 2023

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) is the cause of Dengue fever and it is a mosquito-borne, RNA virus. This study was aimed at determining Dengue virus Immunoglobulin M seropositivity and malaria co-infection among residents of the river Niger Banks.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study consisting of 96 subjects was performed. The subjects were recruited using the convenience sampling technique. Ethical approval was obtained and informed consent was sought from study participants. Questionnaire was administered to determine basic demographic information. Dengue Virus IgM was analysed using ELISA techniques. Malaria parasitaemia was detected using microscopy while packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) analysis were evaluated using manual methods. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21.
Results: The results showed that the prevalence of Dengue virus and malaria seropositivity among the study population was 17.7% and 36.5% respectively. The incidence of malaria was higher in those who were dengue virus negative (33.3%) than in those who tested positive to Dengue virus (3.1%). Dengue virus seropositive patients had significantly lower PCV (37.5±3.7) and Hb (12.9±1.14) compared to those who were negative to dengue virus, 38.8±3.5 and 13.3±1.17 respectively.
Conclusion: Our report has revealed that dengue virus is an emerging cause of febrile illness among the study population. This could be due to the nature of their environment which supports the breeding of different species of mosquito. This calls for urgent intervention and large scale research to confirm the circulating strains of the Dengue virus.
Physiochemistry and Microbiological Quality of Surface Water Body around Port Terminals in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ogbonna D. N. , Anthony E. M. , Kpormon L. B. 
Published: April 2023

Anthropogenic activities around the sea ports are capable of causing changes on the physicochemical and microbiological quality of water bodies along the port terminals. Such activities can cause an ecological imbalance in the water quality /ecosystem resulting in extinction of aquatic resources. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate the physicochemical and microbiological quality of surface water along the busy port terminals. Surface water samples were collected from Onne port terminal using sterile containers. The samples were collected during the wet and dry seasons between January to June 2021. The sterile bottles were filled with surface water samples and transported in an ice packed container to the Department of Microbiology Laboratory of the Rivers State University for analyses using standard analytical methods. Statistical analyses were carried out using ANOVA and All pairs tukey-kramer. Results of the physicochemical parameters showed that temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, nitrate and heavy metals were significantly higher during the dry season than the wet season at P ≥ 0.05 levels of significance. Seasonal variation with respect to microbial counts shows that Total Heterotrophic Bacteria, Total Heterotrophic Fungi, Total coliforms and Faecal coliforms had a mean value of 3.9±1.77 x 106; 0.8 ±0.05 x 104 ; 7.4 ±1.3 x 104 and 3.6 ±0.17 x 104 colony forming unit per millilitre respectively for wet season while the dry season had 1.6±0.77 x 106 , 0.5 ±0.01 x 104 , 4.6 ±0.17 x 104 and 2.7 ±1.03 x 104 cfu/ml respectively. In this study, the predominant bacterial isolates belonged to the genera of Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Bacillus, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Proteus, Bacillus and Escherichia. coli. The results of physicochemical and microbiological characteristics including the heavy metals, were detected at concentrations on or below detection limits.. It is therefore suggested that relevant environmental regulatory bodies should maintain regular check to ensure that appropriate standards are maintained around seaports due to beehive of activities.
Demographics and Clinical Patterns of Retinopathy of Prematurity at the University of Teaching Hospitals, Women and Newborn Hospital
Authors: Banda Everisto , Moonga Phyllis M. , Mutoloki Elijah M. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder of the developing retina of very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. It is an important cause of childhood blindness and is listed as one of the causes of avoidable blindness in the vision 2020 - “The Right to Sight” Programme.
ROP is more prevalent in highly developed countries where neonatal services’ availability, access and outcomes are good. The survival rates of Very low Birth Weight (VLBW) infant and low gestational age (GA) at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Women and Newborn Hospital (WNH) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit has improved.
Aims: To estimate the prevalence of ROP at UTH, WNH, NICU.
Study Design: Hospital-based cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women and Newborn hospital at the University Teaching Hospital, in Lusaka, Zambia between November 2021 to April 2022.
Methodology: We included 110 (54.5% males and 45.5% females) infants either born at <32 weeks GA or weighed <1500g. Dilated fundus examinations were done at 4 to 6 weeks chronological age or 31 to 33 weeks GA. Medical records were reviewed to identify associated factors.
Results: Mean gestational age at birth was 30.6±2 weeks ranging from 27 to 34 weeks, mean birth weight was 1422.7±334.3 g ranging from 900g to 2200 g, mean Apgar score at 1 minute was 7±1.3, at 5 minutes the mean was 7.8±0.9, and at 10 minutes the mean was 8.4±0.7. Twenty-six (23.6%) were products of multiple gestations. Hyaline membrane disease was observed in 14 (12.7%), neonatal sepsis in 48 (43.6%), necrotising enterocolitis in 6 (5.5%), patent ductus arteriosus in one (0.9%), and hyperglycaemia in 56 (50.9%) cases.
Conclusion: Our study found no participant with retinopathy of prematurity at UTH NICU. Further, the study could not make associations between suggested risk factors to the development of ROP. However, being a novel study on this topic in the country, it highlights the importance of setting up screening protocols and their attendant equipment in Special Care Baby Units at UTH and improving neonatal care services.
Adaptive Fuzzy Inverse Optimal Output Regulation for a Class of Nonlinear Time‐Delay Systems
Authors: Meng Guizhi , Lv Yan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to solve the adaptive fuzzy inverse optimal output regulation problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with the exosystem. Both unknown nonlinear functions and time‐delay are considered here. The output regulation problem is first converted into a stabilization problem by employing the internal model principle. Then, fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) are employed to approximate unknown nonlinear functions. A new cost functional related to the internal model and time‐delay is established. An auxiliary system connected to time‐delay is constructed, and a new fuzzy state observer based on the auxiliary system is designed to estimate the unmeasured states. Further, by utilizing the adaptive backstepping control technique, the inverse optimal control method, and the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, a novel adaptive fuzzy inverse optimal output feedback controller and adaptive law are presented. It is also proved that all signals of the closed‐loop system are globally uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB); the proposed controller can achieve inverse optimization by minimizing the cost functional. Finally, a simulation example is provided to prove the effectiveness of the method in this paper.
Circularly Polarized Light‐Resolved Artificial Synaptic Transistors Based on Cellulose Nanocrystal Dielectric
Authors: Wang Sichun , An Bang , Ma Rong , Yi Zhengran , Li Wei , Liu Yunqi , Zhao Yan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCircularly polarized light (CPL)‐responsive artificial synaptic devices are of significant interest for advanced neuromorphic visual systems, as they enhance perceptual capabilities and enable the development of novel applications. Nevertheless, progress in this field is hindered by the lack of suitable CPL‐active organic semiconductor materials. In this study, environmentally friendly cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with a chiral helical structure as a dielectric layer to realize CPL‐resolved behaviors in organic synaptic transistors are utilized. The device exhibits a much stronger response to right‐handed CPL (RCPL) than to left‐handed CPL (LCPL) because the left‐handed helical structure of CNCs reflects LCPL while transmitting RCPL. By modulating electrical and CPL optical signals, the device successfully simulates multiple synaptic activities, including electrical synaptic plasticity, CPL‐dependent optical synaptic plasticity, and brain‐like learning and memory behavior controlled by photoelectric cooperative stimulation. Additionally, the device demonstrates applications in blue‐light‐induced visual fatigue simulation, CPL recognition, and optical wireless encrypted communication. Importantly, the sensitivity of the device to CPL is not constrained by the properties of organic semiconductor materials. These findings offer a promising strategy for the development of advanced artificial synaptic devices and CPL‐resolved neuromorphic visual systems.
Enhancing Interfacial Contact for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules
Authors: Tan Zhengtian , liu Wenguang , Chen Rui , Liu Sanwan , Zhou Qisen , Wang Jianan , Ren Fumeng , Cai Yong , Shi Chenyang , Liu Xiaoxuan , Zhou Zheng , Zhu He , Miao Tianyin , Li Wenpei , Wang Mingkui , Liu Zonghao , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDefective perovskite surfaces severely limit the development of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, the impacts of surface treatment are systematically investigated with organic ammonium salts, namely piperidinium iodide (PpI) and piperazinedihydroiodide (PDI), on the performance of the formamidinium‐cesium (FACs)‐based PSCs. These results indicate that PpI, with its high dipole moment, tends to form 1D structures on the perovskite surface, which hinders electron transport. By contrast, PDI post‐treatment does not lead to the formation of such structures; instead, it forms a thin passivation layer that homogenizes the electric potential across the perovskite surface. This merit results in a favorable alignment of energy levels and a significant reduction in non‐radiative recombination at the perovskite/electron transport layer interface. As a result, the inverted perovskite solar module (PSM) achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.08% with an aperture area of 11.1 cm2 (certified 21.58%), showing a low‐efficiency discrepancy versus the small‐area counterpart with an efficiency of 25.09%. Notably, the PSM can maintain 92.5% of its initial PCE after continuous 1000 h of 1‐sun operation at 65 °C in ambient air.
Regulation of T Cell Glycosylation by MXene/β‐TCP Nanocomposite for Enhanced Mandibular Bone Regeneration
Authors: Yu Fei , Zhao Xing , Zhang Shuting , Lu Wenxin , Li Peilin , Yang Wei , Zhao Zhihe 
Published: January 2025

AbstractImmune‐mediated bone regeneration driven by bone biomaterials offers a therapeutic strategy for repairing bone defects. Among 2D nanomaterials, Ti3C2Tx MXenes have garnered substantial attention for their potential in tissue regeneration. This investigation concentrates on the role of MXene nanocomposites in modulating the immune microenvironment within bone defects to facilitate bone tissue restoration. Ti3C2Tx MXenes are synthetized, incorporated into beta‐tricalcium phosphate ceramics (β‐TCP) nanocomposites (T‐MXene), and their osteoinductive and immunomodulatory effects are evaluated. The effects of T‐MXene‐treated T‐cells on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are explored. In addition, its therapeutic potential for bone regeneration is assessed in vivo using a critical‐sized mandibular bone defect model. The underlying mechanisms by which T‐MXene regulates T‐cell differentiation and bone regeneration are explored via whole‐transcriptome RNA sequencing. The scaffolds activate N‐glycosylation in T cells, which possess anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects, thereby inducing a pro‐regenerative response. T‐MXene increased the proportion of IL‐4+ T cells among primary T cells and mandibular lymph nodes, ultimately promoting osteogenesis in BMSCs and injured mandibles. The distinctive function of MXene‐based nanocomposites in osteoimmunomodulation provides a solid foundation for further exploration and application of MXenes as immune response modulators, potentially advancing their use in regenerative medicine.
Failure Mechanisms and Strategies for Vanadium Oxide‐Based Cathode in Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Sinha Rohit , Xie Xuesong , Yang Yang , Li Yifan , Xue Yuxuan , Wang Pengyu , Li Zhi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWith the increasing safety concerns and consensus on sustainability, aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are gaining significant attention as a green and efficient alternative for energy storage technologies. However, the prolonged and persistent chemical dissolution and electrochemical capacity fading of one of the dominant vanadium oxide cathodes has long posed an unavoidable challenge. Meanwhile, the energy storage mechanism of AZIBs remains controversial, along with the formation of parasitic and derived cathode‐related products during the repeated charge/discharge procedure. Herein, this review expects to provide a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental redox reactions in vanadium oxide‐based AZIBs, with particular emphasis on nanostructure features and their evolution, ionic transference, and ionic occupation, to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved in the system. Furthermore, several effective strategies, including cathode modification and electrolyte design are summarized. Finally, the review offers potential avenues for advancing cathode materials, inorganic colloids, high‐entropy electrolytes, and mechanism characterization, thereby contributing to the continued development of this field.
Possibility of incorrect evaluation of intraoperative blood loss during open and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Toya Keisuke , Tomimaru Yoshito , Kobayashi Shogo , Sasaki Kazuki , Iwagami Yoshifumi , Yamada Daisaku , Noda Takehiro , Takahashi Hidenori , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimDecreasing intraoperative blood loss is one reported advantage of laparoscopic surgery compared with open surgery. However, several reports indicate that blood loss during laparoscopic surgery may be underestimated. No studies have evaluated this possibility in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). Here we evaluated estimated blood loss (e‐BL) compared to intraoperative blood loss (i‐BL) during distal pancreatectomy (DP).MethodsThis study included 114 patients undergoing DP in our institution during the study period. We examined the relationship between i‐BL and e‐BL. Based on these results, we further investigated the relationship with LDP.ResultsThe laparoscopic approach was used in a significantly higher percentage of patients in e‐BL > i‐BL group compared to e‐BL < i‐BL group (55.9% vs 10.9%, p < 0.0001). Within the LDP group (n = 39), e‐BL was significantly more than i‐BL (388 ± 248 vs 127 ± 160 mL; p < 0.0001). Within the open distal pancreatectomy (ODP) group (n = 75), e‐BL was significantly less than i‐BL (168 ± 324 vs 281 ± 209 mL; p = 0.0017). The e‐BL > i‐BL trend in the LDP group was consistent, regardless of the indication for DP. In contrast, the finding of i‐BL > e‐BL in the ODP group was limited to patients with pancreatic cancer.ConclusionDuring LDP, e‐BL was significantly more than i‐BL. During ODP, e‐BL was significantly less than i‐BL, only in patients with pancreatic cancer. These results suggested the possibility of i‐BL underestimation during LDP, and overestimation during ODP in cases with pancreatic cancer.
Enhancing interfacial mass transfer for high‐viscosity fluids: Hydrodynamic and mass transfer by twin‐liquid film
Authors: He Long , Xie Hanguang , Zong Yuan , Zhao Ling , Dai Gance 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe twin‐liquid film, which combines wall‐bounded film supported by a solid wall and confined‐free film through the opening window, has been investigated on a plate with multi‐windows. The interaction of wall‐bounded film and confined free film has been discussed and the optimal window configurations are obtained with consideration of mass transfer enhancement as well as film stability. The mass transfer rate of the opening window plate is increased by 1.9–2.6 times compared with the solid plate. The acceleration and thinning of the confined‐free film are the primary causes of its mass transfer enhancement, with additional contributions from the thinning of the wall‐bounded film. To achieve the highest mass transfer efficiency as viscosity increases and diffusion coefficient decreases, it is crucial to maximize the window size without compromising film formation. Twin‐liquid films show promising applications in the reactors involving highly viscous fluids such as carbon capture and devolatilization.
Enhancing Construction Safety Through Workplace Surveillance and Systematic Follow‐Ups
Authors: Muralidhar Gollapalli , Vinoth A. , Uniyal Upasana , Sen Krishna Nirmalya 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGlobally, construction jobs are associated with serious occupational safety and health (OSH) risks. In large construction projects, managing OSH risks is challenging due to a multitude of factors, and it is important to have sound management strategies and innovative solutions to tackle these ever‐evolving OSH risks. Safety surveillance plays a pivotal role in accident prevention in the construction industry. We evaluated the effectiveness of ongoing surveillance coupled with proactive management follow‐up in a cross‐section of 26 large construction workplaces.MethodsTrained safety observers were deployed using a digital platform to record and report risk conditions, along with the details such as category, potential risk, responsible persons, and so forth. At the same time a predictive tool to calculate the possibility of severe adverse outcomes such as “Lost Time Incident” (LTI) or fatality was introduced. The outcomes were followed up and reviewed by the leadership teams on a regular basis.ResultsEnhanced efforts from worksite safety observers resulted in capturing of higher number of safety lapses, which necessitated additional efforts from the line managers to take prompt corrective and preventive actions to mitigate OSH‐related risks. Over the study period, the rate of risk conditions being recorded showed a gradual downward trend, as did the associated rates of recorded injuries.ConclusionThis study affirms the hypothesis that a structured proactive approach with active leadership involvement and prompt remedial actions can aid in significant improvement of working conditions and safety performance at construction projects.
Thermal Softening and Degradation of UHMWPE Composites: Effect of Melting Process
Authors: Zhang Run , Niu Kai , Tian Jing , Liu Mingfei , Hua Zetian , Jiang Lin , Fu Chenchao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the effect of gradual melting process for crystallization zone on the thermal softening and degradation properties of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites. The results of the differential scanning calorimetry test indicate that UHMWPE composites exhibit an initial melting endotherm at low temperatures. UHMWPE composites show significant differences in storage and loss modulus at room temperature, but both values decline sharply with increasing temperature. The data reveals that the discrepancy in temperature values at a specified melting percentage is negligible (≤ 4°C). Thus, thermal softening is more significantly influenced by percentage of crystalline melting than by crystallinity. Most samples' vicat softening temperature (VST) values align with the melted temperature of about 50% crystalline regions. Furthermore, the VST curves show a notable displacement increase at 120°C, corresponding to a melting percentage of about 20%. The heat deflection temperature (HDT) values for UHMWPE composites range from 61°C to 67°C, aligning with the initial melting temperature with no significant variation. Moreover, the melting of crystalline regions does not influence thermal degradation, due to the significant gap between melt and degradation temperatures. This study reveals new understanding of thermal softening and degradation in semicrystalline composites.
Only skull‐deep? Headbutting adaptations may not extend to the brain cavity
Authors: Ackermans Nicole L. , Reidenberg Joy S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHigh‐impact headbutting behavior makes the muskox (Ovibos moschatus) a charismatic species. While many theorize how these headbutting bovids might protect their brain during such encounters, few have investigated their claims anatomically. We investigated the anatomical function of digitiform impressions in the bovid brain cavity and their relationship to headbutting. This work is divided into two parts. First, we provide an anatomical description of the muskox brain cavity for the first time in literature. We used computed tomography (CT) scans of adult and juvenile muskoxen skulls and scans of a goat (Capra hircus) skull for comparison. As the texture of the muskox brain cavity appeared pronounced, we sought to quantify the digitiform impressions that create this rough appearance, with the hypothesis that they support the brain and reduce injury during headbutting. We developed a simple measurement to quantify digitiform impressions called the endocranial roughness index (ERI). In the second part of this work, the ERI was applied to a sample of 59 headbutting and non‐headbutting bovid species. Contrary to our expectations, the quantitative assessment of digitiform impressions across various taxa revealed no correlation between endocranial roughness and headbutting. We conclude that endocranial roughness either only affects brain protection at a smaller scale, or endocranial roughness at the measured scale does not have an effect on brain protection significant enough to cause selective evolutionary pressure.