bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Faber-Krahn inequality for mixed local and nonlocal operators
Authors: Biagi Stefano , Dipierro Serena , Valdinoci Enrico , Vecchi Eugenio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe consider the first Dirichlet eigenvalue problem for a mixed local/nonlocal elliptic operator and we establish a quantitative Faber-Krahn inequality. More precisely, we show that balls minimize the first eigenvalue among sets of given volume and we provide a stability result for sets that almost attain the minimum.
Dimension-free Lp-estimates for vectors of Riesz transforms in the rational Dunkl setting
Authors: Hejna Agnieszka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article, we prove a dimension-free upper bound for the Lp-norms of the vector of Riesz transforms in the rational Dunkl setting. Our main technique is the Bellman function method adapted to the Dunkl setting.
Hospital-based proton therapy implementation during the COVID pandemic: early clinical and research experience in a European academic institution
Authors: Calvo Felipe A. , Palma Jacobo , Serrano Javier , Cambeiro Mauricio , Meiriño Rosa , Martin Santiago , Azcona Diego , Pedrero Diego , Aguilar Borja , Delgado Jose Miguel , Moran Verónica , Viñals Alberto , Cabello Pablo , Panizo Elena , Lassaletta Alvaro , Gibert Carlota , Sancho Lidia , de Miguel Jose Maria Fernandez , de Sierra Beatriz Alvarez , Alcázar Andres , Suarez Victor , Alonso Alberto , Gallardo Guillermo , Aristu Javier 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
A rapid deploy of unexpected early impact of the COVID pandemic in Spain was described in 2020. Oncology practice was revised to facilitate decision-making regarding multimodal therapy for prevalent cancer types amenable to multidisciplinary treatment in which the radiotherapy component searched more efficient options in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic, minimizing the risks to patients whilst aiming to guarantee cancer outcomes.

Methods

A novel Proton Beam Therapy (PBT), Unit activity was analyzed in the period of March 2020 to March 2021. Institutional urgent, strict and mandatory clinical care standards for early diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 infection were stablished in the hospital following national health-authorities’ recommendations. The temporary trends of patients care and research projects proposals were registered.

Results
3 out of 14 members of the professional staff involved in the PBR intra-hospital process had a positive test for COVID infection. Also, 4 out of 100 patients had positive tests before initiating PBT, and 7 out of 100 developed positive tests along the weekly mandatory special checkup performed during PBT to all patients. An update of clinical performance at the PBT Unit at CUN Madrid in the initial 500 patients treated with PBT in the period from March 2020 to November 2022 registers a distribution of 131 (26%) pediatric patients, 63 (12%) head and neck cancer and central nervous system neoplasms and 123 (24%) re-irradiation indications. In November 2022, the activity reached a plateau in terms of patients under treatment and the impact of COVID pandemic became sporadic and controlled by minor medical actions. At present, the clinical data are consistent with an academic practice prospectively (NCT05151952). Research projects and scientific production was adapted to the pandemic evolution and its influence upon professional time availability. Seven research projects based in public funding were activated in this period and preliminary data on molecular imaging guided proton therapy in brain tumors and post-irradiation patterns of blood biomarkers are reported.

Conclusions
Hospital-based PBT in European academic institutions was impacted by COVID-19 pandemic, although clinical and research activities were developed and sustained. In the post-pandemic era, the benefits of online learning will shape the future of proton therapy education.
Experiences of moving an older parent into a care home or nursing home in the UK: a qualitative study
Authors: Robinson Oliver , Fisher Amy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study explored the personal experiences of individuals making the decision to move an older parent into a residential care facility via retrospective narrative. It aimed to gain an understanding of how individuals experienced this transition, the emotions they felt at specific moments throughout the transition, and the perceived effect it had on their psychological wellbeing. 13 semi-structured video interviews were conducted online with individuals who had been active in the decision of moving an older parent into a care home or nursing home. The data was analysed using thematic analysis, along with relational analysis to explore relations between themes. Findings informed 8 different themes, which were subsumed under three meta-themes of The Decision Process, Conflicting Emotions and Reflective Evaluation. It was found that the decision was recalled as a complex and often stressful negotiation between multiple stakeholders, that emotions ranged from grief to guilt and relief, and that reflections emphasised the positive that had come out of the transition. The results from this study provide valuable insights into the uniqueness of this transition from the perspective of relatives and the range of emotions experienced at different stages of the transition.
Indian consensus statements on irritable bowel syndrome in adults: A guideline by the Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association and jointly supported by the Indian Society of Gastroenterology
Authors: Ghoshal Uday C. , Sachdeva Sanjeev , Pratap Nitesh , Karyampudi Arun , Mustafa Uzma , Abraham Philip , Bhatt Chetan B. , Chakravartty Karmabir , Chaudhuri Sujit , Goyal Omesh , Makharia Govind K. , Panigrahi Manas Kumar , Parida Prasanta Kumar , Patwari Sudhanshu , Sainani Rajesh , Sadasivan Shine , Srinivas M. , Upadhyay Rajesh , Venkataraman Jayanthi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association (INMA), earlier named the Indian Motility and Functional Diseases Association developed this evidence-based practice guidelines for the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A modified Delphi process was used to develop this consensus containing 28 statements, which were concerning diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and comorbidities, investigations, lifestyle modifications and treatments. Owing to the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, lockdowns and mobility restrictions, web-based meetings and electronic voting were the major tools used to develop this consensus. A statement was regarded as accepted when the sum of “completely accepted” and “accepted with minor reservation” voted responses were 80% or higher. Finally, the consensus was achieved on all 28 statements. The consensus team members are of the view that this work may find use in teaching, patient care, and research on IBS in India and other nations.
Urban foraging in Brazilian public greenspaces
Authors: Guenat Solène , Bailey-Athias Jonas P. , Fischer Leonie K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Urban foraging, i.e., the gathering of wild edible plants, plays a key role in nature connection within cities. Its integration in planning could contribute to the conservation of urban biodiversity. However, we have little understanding of the interactions between the motivations for and barriers to foraging, and the role of legislation, especially in biodiversity hotspots. Through an online questionnaire and policy review, we explored the practice of urban foraging in Recife, Brazil, across social, spatial and regulatory dimensions. We found that most non-foragers would forage if pollution risks were addressed and knowledge was improved. Foragers collected up to 31 species, none of which are threatened. By integrating the social, spatial and regulatory dimensions of the practice, we highlighted the importance of the local context for targeting foraging incentives. In all, regulation had little impact on where the practice is carried out, and foraging seemed to have little negative impact on biodiversity, as no threatened species were collected and foragers were conscious of their impact. This knowledge can contribute to better integrate the practice of foraging within legislation and develop forager-led greenspace planning and management. In biodiversity hotspots threatened by urban expansion, foraging can contribute to slowing down the biodiversity crisis and improve urban residents’ contact with biodiversity.
In-line warming reduces in-line pressure of subcutaneous infusion of concentrated immunoglobulins
Authors: Leidenmühler Peter , Höfinghoff Joris , Haider Norbert , Brachtl Gerald , Weiller Markus , Bilic Ivan , Gangadharan Bagirath 
Published: March 2023

AbstractImmunoglobulin replacement therapy is a life-saving treatment in patients with immunodeficiency and effective in the management of autoimmune disorders. Immunoglobulins are administered intravenously or subcutaneously, with the latter route reducing systemic reactions and providing an option for self-infusion, increasing patient convenience, while decreasing patient burden, healthcare utilization, and costs. A major limitation with subcutaneous administrations is the frequency of infusion due to limited volumes administrable into subcutaneous space, necessitating increased drug concentration, absorption, and dispersion. Increasing the concentration of immunoglobulins from 10 to 20% halves the required volume, but leads to higher dynamic viscosity, limiting infusion rate. Recombinant human hyaluronidase increases dispersion and absorption of immunoglobulins allowing administration of ≤ 600 mL per site, but does not change viscosity. Since the viscosity of fluids depends on temperature, we tested the feasibility of in-line warming of immunoglobulin formulations to physiological temperatures. In vitro analysis showed no negative impact of in-line warming to 38 °C on product quality. Subcutaneous infusion studies in pigs confirmed the feasibility of infusion rates of up to 7.5 mL/min with in-line warmed TAK-881, an immunoglobulin 20% facilitated with recombinant human hyaluronidase. In-line pressures were reduced compared with conventional immunoglobulin 20%, and local tolerance was not altered. Reduction of in-line pressures was more pronounced with thinner needle sets, indicating a potential benefit for patients. In summary, an in in-line warming device can circumvent the limitation of high viscosity, while product quality and local tolerance are maintained. The results of the presented studies warrant further testing in a phase 1 clinical study.
Graphical Abstract
An experimental study on the drilling of CFRP sandwich structures with filled and unfilled aramid honeycomb cores
Authors: Geier Norbert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLightweight carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sandwich structures with honeycomb cores have excellent specific bending stiffness and good dimensional stability; therefore, their future applications will extend extensively, despite their difficult-to-manufacture nature. Although the drilling of single CFRP structures has been widely investigated, the published experience of drilling honeycomb cored CFRP sandwich panels is strongly limited. Therefore, the main objective of the present paper is to experimentally analyse the machinability of CFRP sandwich panels with filled and unfilled aramid Cormaster honeycomb cores through the analysis of thrust force, drilling torque and drilling-induced burrs. A twist and a brad and spur drill were used in two sandwich structures at three feed levels for the drilling experiments. The thrust force and drilling torque were measured by a KISTLER dynamometer, and the burrs were processed through digital image processing of optically captured images. The experimental results show that the application of fillers in the honeycomb only slightly decreases the nominal specific stiffness of the CFRP/honeycomb sandwich structures and slightly increases the thrust force; however, a significant improvement is achievable by their application in the drilling-induced burr formation of the honeycomb core.
Chemically-induced active micro-nano bubbles assisting chemical mechanical polishing: Modeling and experiments
Authors: Xu Lei , Park Kihong , Lei Hong , Liu Pengzhan , Kim Eungchul , Cho Yeongkwang , Kim Taesung , Chen Chuandong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe material loss caused by bubble collapse during the micro-nano bubbles auxiliary chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process cannot be ignored. In this study, the material removal mechanism of cavitation in the polishing process was investigated in detail. Based on the mixed lubrication or thin film lubrication, bubble-wafer plastic deformation, spherical indentation theory, Johnson-Cook (J-C) constitutive model, and the assumption of periodic distribution of pad asperities, a new model suitable for micro-nano bubble auxiliary material removal in CMP was developed. The model integrates many parameters, including the reactant concentration, wafer hardness, polishing pad roughness, strain hardening, strain rate, micro-jet radius, and bubble radius. The model reflects the influence of active bubbles on material removal. A new and simple chemical reaction method was used to form a controllable number of micro-nano bubbles during the polishing process to assist in polishing silicon oxide wafers. The experimental results show that micro-nano bubbles can greatly increase the material removal rate (MRR) by about 400% and result in a lower surface roughness of 0.17 nm. The experimental results are consistent with the established model. In the process of verifying the model, a better understanding of the material removal mechanism involved in micro-nano bubbles in CMP was obtained.
Synergistic tribological effect between polyisobutylene succinimide-modified molybdenum oxide nanoparticle and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate for reducing friction and wear of diamond-like carbon coating under boundary lubrication
Authors: Chen Shuoshuo , Song Ningning , Zhang Shengmao , Zhang Yujuan , Yu Laigui , Zhang Pingyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOrganic molybdenum lubricant additive like molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) can cause wear acceleration of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating coupled with steel under boundary lubrication, which hinders its industrial application. Therefore, polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBS), an organo molybdenum amide, was adopted to modify molybdenum oxide affording molybdenum polyisobutylene succinimide-molybdenum oxide nanoparticles (MPIBS-MONPs) with potential to prevent the wear acceleration of DLC coating. The thermal stability of MPIBS-MONPs was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. Their tribological properties as the additives in di-isooctyl sebacate (DIOS) were evaluated with MoDTC as a control; and their tribomechanism was investigated in relation to their tribochemical reactions and synergistic tribological effect with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) as well as worn surface characterizations. Findings indicate that MPIBS-MONPs/ZDDP added in DIOS can significantly reduce the friction and wear of DLC coating, being much superior to MoDTC. This is because MPIBS-MONPs and ZDDP jointly take part in tribochemical reactions to form a composite tribofilm that can increase the wear resistance of DLC coating. Namely, the molybdenum amide on MPIBS-MONPs surface can react with ZDDP to form MoS2 film with excellent friction-reducing ability; and MPIBS-MONPs can release molybdenum oxide nanoparticle to form deposited lubrication layer on worn surfaces. The as-formed composite tribofilm consisting of molybdenum oxide nanocrystal, amorphous polyphosphate, and molybdenum disulfide as well as a small amount of Mo2C accounts for the increase in the wear resistance of DLC coating under boundary lubrication.
A Wenner array routine for optimum electrode spacing selection for resistivity measurements over thin subsurface media
Authors: Eluwole Akinola Bolaji , Olorunfemi Martins Olusola , Adebiyi Leke Sunday , Olasupo Temitope Emmanuel , Salawu Naheem Banji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study was carried out with a view to establishing a routine for the selection of the optimum electrode spacing for the accurate measurement of resistivity within unusually thin (5–100 cm) subsurface layer in agro geophysics. The Hummel’s image theory for 2-Layer Wenner Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) formed the theoretical basis for the study. For the purpose of simulation, a computer program was developed using the theory. The simulation process involved varied upper and lower layer resistivities in conjunction with a spectrum of electrode spacings (a) and varied upper layer thicknesses (h). The relationship between electrode spacing and upper layer thickness was determined using the asymptotic resistivity characteristics of model curves and layer sensitivity models obtained from simulation. The deduced relationships were validated using the same approach on field data. It was observed from the model curves that with respect to electrode spacing and thickness, asymptotic limits remained the same irrespective of the nature of the upper layer resistivity (resistive or conductive). On the other hand, the nature of the resistivity of the lower layer was a factor in the attainment of its asymptotic resistivity. The observations from field data were congruous with those from simulation. Very strong (R = 0.99) direct linear relationships existed between electrode spacing and upper layer thickness with respect to the nature of upper layer resistivity. The study identified that the electrode spacing that will keep resistivity measurements within the upper layer with little or no interference from the underlying layer is less than half of its thickness. Also, electrode spacing not less than six times the upper layer thickness is required to accurately measure the resistivity of the lower layer when the upper layer is resistive. However, for a conductive upper layer, an electrode spacing of about twelve times the thickness of the upper layer is required to measure the true resistivity of the lower layer.
Underwater acoustic performance of SiC foam ceramic materials
Authors: Şahiner Barış , Özbek Sunullah , Baykara Tarık , Demirural Alparslan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
One of the major tasks of the underwater warfare is to detect underwater objects such as vehicles, vessels, weapons and equipment. The conduct of underwater warfare mostly depends upon the advancement of detection and identification sensors and materials. The wide variation in types and characteristics of materials may affect the underwater detection capabilities despite recently developed sonar systems. The materials with high porosity are known to provide lower acoustical signature than conventional metallic plates in common. The aim of this study is to examine the acoustical signature and the efficiency of open celled SiC foam ceramics as covering and/or casing material for naval mines. Sonar frequencies widely used in mine countermeasure operations for detection purposes, 80 kHz, 85 kHz, 90khZ, 95 kHz and 100 kHz were applied to the acoustic tests. The experimental results obtained from the study shows that the SiC foam ceramic plate leads a 19,2% reduction in reflection, 90,5% and 96% lower values are obtained in transmission and 78,4% and 68,6% lower values are obtained at 60° and 30° in scattering compared to the reference steel plate.

Article Highlights

This study investigates underwater acoustic performance of open celled SiC foam ceramics the range of 80–100 kHz in the acoustic test pool environment for the very first time.

Highly tortuose and porous structure of open celled SiC foam ceramic leads a considerable decrease in scattering, reflection and transmission properties.

The study reveals that SiC foams ceramics are potential candidates in reducing acoustical signature as covering and/or casing material for future naval mine applications.
Effect of the SiO2/Al2O3 Molar Ratio on the Microstructure and Properties of Clay-based Geopolymers: A Comparative Study of Kaolinite-based and Halloysite-based Geopolymers
Authors: Zhang Baifa , Yu Ting , Guo Haozhe , Chen Jiarong , Liu Yi , Yuan Peng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs 1:1 dioctahedral clay minerals, kaolinite and halloysite have similar chemical compositions. However, halloysite often possesses a nanotubular structure and special surface reactivity compared to platy kaolinite. The objective of this current work was to determine the effect of the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio on the microstructure and properties of geopolymers derived from two kinds of kaolin: platy kaolinite and nanotubular halloysite. The chemical structures and compositions of the geopolymers obtained were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), whereas the microstructural analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, and N2 physisorption analysis. The results indicated that calcined halloysite showed greater geopolymerization reactivity than calcined kaolinite. In addition, the mechanical properties of the clay-based geopolymers depended not only on the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio but also on the morphology of the clay. Crystalline zeolite A and geopolymer were produced after alkali-activation of kaolin with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 2.5; these products possessed porous and heterogeneous microstructures having poor compressive strength. As SiO2/Al2O3 ratios increased to >2.5, geopolymers with compact microstructure and high compressive strength were produced after alkali-activation of kaolin. Notably, at a given condition, halloysite-based geopolymers exhibited greater early compressive strength, more compactness, and more homogeneous microstructure than kaolinite-based geopolymers. This can be attributed to the nanotubular microstructure of halloysite, which can release more Si and Al during alkali activation than platy kaolinite. These results indicated that the various morphologies and microstructures among clays have significant impact on the microstructure and compressive strength of geopolymers.
The Application of Intelligent Interactive Learning Approach in Nursing Interns
Authors: Wu Yali , Wang Li , Zheng Beibei , Mao Lina , Li Ning 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of information technology, students' smartphones have been basically popular and campus wireless networks have achieved full coverage, students can use their smartphones to surf the internet anytime and anywhere, and online learning and online learning have become a new trend. To explore the best teaching methods for nursing majors in medical colleges and universities. Sixty nursing interns rotating in our hospital were randomly divided into an experimental group (interactive teaching method) and a control group (traditional teaching method). The theoretical examination scores, operational examination scores and internship satisfaction of the interns in both groups were evaluated at the time of discharge. There were no statistical differences between the two groups of interns in terms of basic information such as gender, education, and mean scores of theoretical scores in school before internship. At the end of the internship, the theoretical and operational examination scores of the students in the experimental group increased by 5.79% and 5.66%, respectively, compared with the control group, and the average satisfaction also increased by 8.56%, which was a very significant improvement with statistically significant differences. The interactive guided teaching method based on the smartphone teaching platform effectively solved the problem of lack of communication between teachers and students, combined students' learning contents inside and outside the classroom with each other, and improved the overall learning effect.