bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking in KTaO3 heterointerface superconductors
Authors: Zhang Guanqun , Wang Lijie , Wang Jinghui , Li Guoan , Huang Guangyi , Yang Guang , Xue Huanyi , Ning Zhongfeng , Wu Yueshen , Xu Jin-Peng , Song Yanru , An Zhenghua , Zheng Changlin , Shen Jie , Li Jun , Chen Yan , Li Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBroken symmetries play a fundamental role in superconductivity and influence many of its properties in a profound way. Understanding these symmetry breaking states is essential to elucidate the various exotic quantum behaviors in non-trivial superconductors. Here, we report an experimental observation of spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking of superconductivity at the heterointerface of amorphous (a)-YAlO3/KTaO3(111) with a superconducting transition temperature of 1.86 K. Both the magnetoresistance and superconducting critical field in an in-plane field manifest striking twofold symmetric oscillations deep inside the superconducting state, whereas the anisotropy vanishes in the normal state, demonstrating that it is an intrinsic property of the superconducting phase. We attribute this behavior to the mixed-parity superconducting state, which is an admixture of s-wave and p-wave pairing components induced by strong spin-orbit coupling inherent to inversion symmetry breaking at the heterointerface of a-YAlO3/KTaO3. Our work suggests an unconventional nature of the underlying pairing interaction in the KTaO3 heterointerface superconductors, and brings a new broad of perspective on understanding non-trivial superconducting properties at the artificial heterointerfaces.
Reconciling scaling of the optical conductivity of cuprate superconductors with Planckian resistivity and specific heat
Authors: Michon Bastien , Berthod Christophe , Rischau Carl Willem , Ataei Amirreza , Chen Lu , Komiya Seiki , Ono Shimpei , Taillefer Louis , van der Marel Dirk , Georges Antoine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaterials tuned to a quantum critical point display universal scaling properties as a function of temperature T and frequency ω. A long-standing puzzle regarding cuprate superconductors has been the observed power-law dependence of optical conductivity with an exponent smaller than one, in contrast to T-linear dependence of the resistivity and ω-linear dependence of the optical scattering rate. Here, we present and analyze resistivity and optical conductivity of La2−xSrxCuO4 with x = 0.24. We demonstrate ℏω/kBT scaling of the optical data over a wide range of frequency and temperature, T-linear resistivity, and optical effective mass proportional to $$\sim \ln T$$
~
ln
T
corroborating previous specific heat experiments. We show that a T, ω-linear scaling Ansatz for the inelastic scattering rate leads to a unified theoretical description of the experimental data, including the power-law of the optical conductivity. This theoretical framework provides new opportunities for describing the unique properties of quantum critical matter.
Light-driven dandelion-inspired microfliers
Authors: Chen Yuanhao , Valenzuela Cristian , Zhang Xuan , Yang Xiao , Wang Ling , Feng Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn nature, many plants have evolved diverse flight mechanisms to disperse seeds by wind and propagate their genetic information. Inspired by the flight mechanism of the dandelion seeds, we demonstrate light-driven dandelion-inspired microfliers based on ultralight and super-sensitive tubular-shaped bimorph soft actuator. Like dandelion seeds in nature, the falling velocity of the as-proposed microflier in air can be facilely controlled by tailoring the degree of deformation of the “pappus” under different light irradiations. Importantly, the resulting microflier is able to achieve a mid-air flight above a light source with a sustained flight time of ~8.9 s and a maximum flight height of ~350 mm thanks to the unique dandelion-like 3D structures. Unexpectedly, the resulting microflier is found to exhibit light-driven upward flight accompanied by autorotating motion, and the rotation mode can be customized in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction by engineering the shape programmability of bimorph soft actuator films. The research disclosed herein can offer new insights into the development of untethered and energy-efficient artificial aerial vehicles that are of paramount significance for many applications from environmental monitoring and wireless communication to future solar sail and robotic spacecraft.
Electrosynthesis of a nylon-6 precursor from cyclohexanone and nitrite under ambient conditions
Authors: Wu Yongmeng , Zhao Jinghui , Wang Changhong , Li Tieliang , Zhao Bo-Hang , Song Ziyang , Liu Cuibo , Zhang Bin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCyclohexanone oxime, an important nylon-6 precursor, is conventionally synthesized through cyclohexanone-hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and cyclohexanone ammoxidation methodologies. These strategies require complicated procedures, high temperatures, noble metal catalysts, and toxic SO2or H2O2usage. Here, we report a one-step electrochemical strategy to synthesize cyclohexanone oxime from nitrite (NO2−) and cyclohexanone under ambient conditions using a low-cost Cu-S catalyst, avoiding complex procedures, noble metal catalysts and H2SO4/H2O2usage. This strategy produces 92% yield and 99% selectivity of cyclohexanone oxime, comparable to the industrial route. The reaction undergoes a NO2− → NH2OH→oxime reaction pathway. This electrocatalytic strategy is suitable for the production of other oximes, highlighting the methodology universality. The amplified electrolysis experiment and techno-economic analysis confirm its practical potential. This study opens a mild, economical, and sustainable way for the alternative production of cyclohexanone oxime.
Fast Bayesian optimization of Needle-in-a-Haystack problems using zooming memory-based initialization (ZoMBI)
Authors: Siemenn Alexander E. , Ren Zekun , Li Qianxiao , Buonassisi Tonio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNeedle-in-a-Haystack problems exist across a wide range of applications including rare disease prediction, ecological resource management, fraud detection, and material property optimization. A Needle-in-a-Haystack problem arises when there is an extreme imbalance of optimum conditions relative to the size of the dataset. However, current state-of-the-art optimization algorithms are not designed with the capabilities to find solutions to these challenging multidimensional Needle-in-a-Haystack problems, resulting in slow convergence or pigeonholing into a local minimum. In this paper, we present a Zooming Memory-Based Initialization algorithm, entitled ZoMBI, that builds on conventional Bayesian optimization principles to quickly and efficiently optimize Needle-in-a-Haystack problems in both less time and fewer experiments. The ZoMBI algorithm demonstrates compute time speed-ups of 400× compared to traditional Bayesian optimization as well as efficiently discovering optima in under 100 experiments that are up to 3× more highly optimized than those discovered by similar methods.
Historical global ocean wave data simulated with CMIP6 anthropogenic and natural forcings
Authors: Patra Anindita , Dodet Guillaume , Accensi Mickaël 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis dataset presents historical ocean wave climate during 1960–2020, simulated using the numerical model WAVEWATCH III (WW3) forced by Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) simulations corresponding to natural-only (NAT), greenhouse gas-only (GHG), aerosol-only (AER) forcings, combined forcing (natural and anthropogenic; ALL), and pre-industrial control conditions. Surface wind at 3-hourly temporal resolution, and sea-ice area fraction at monthly frequency, from a CMIP6 model - MRI-ESM2.0 are used to force WW3 over the global ocean. Model calibration and validation of the significant wave height are carried out using inter-calibrated multi-mission altimeter data produced by the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative, with additional corroboration using ERA-5 reanalysis. The simulated dataset is assessed for its skill to represent mean state, extremes, trends, seasonal cycle, time consistency, and spatial distribution over time. Numerically simulated wave parameters for different individual external forcing scenario is not available yet. This study produces a novel database particularly useful for detection and attribution analysis to quantify the relative contributions of natural and anthropogenic forcings to historical changes.
Neural-fuzzy machine learning approach for the fatigue-creep reliability modeling of SAC305 solder joints
Authors: Bani Hani Dania , Al Athamneh Raed , Abueed Mohammed , Hamasha Sa’d 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe accuracy of reliability models is one of the most problematic issues that must be considered for the life of electronic assemblies, particularly those used for critical applications. The reliability of electronics is limited by the fatigue life of interconnected solder materials, which is influenced by many factors. This paper provides a method to build a robust machine-learning reliability model to predict the life of solder joints in common applications. The impacts of combined fatigue and creep stresses on solder joints are also investigated in this paper. The common alloy used in solder joint fabrication is SAC305 (Sn–Ag–Cu). The test vehicle includes individual solder joints of SAC305 alloy assembled on a printed circuit board. The effects of testing temperature, stress amplitude, and creep dwell time on the life of solder joints were considered. A two-parameter Weibull distribution was utilized to analyze the fatigue life. Inelastic work and plastic strain were extracted from the stress–strain curves. Then, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) were used to build a machine learning model to predict characteristic life obtained from the Weibull analysis. The inelastic work and plastic stains were also considered in the ANN model. Fuzzy logic was used to combine the process parameters and fatigue properties and to construct the final life prediction model. Then a relationship equation between the comprehensive output measure obtained from the fuzzy system and the life was determined using a nonlinear optimizer. The results indicated that increasing the stress level, testing temperature, and creep dwell time decreases reliability. The case of long creep dwell time at elevated temperatures is worst in terms of impact on reliability. Finally, a single robust reliability model was computed as a function of the fatigue properties and process parameters. A significant enhancement of the prediction model was achieved compared to the stress–life equations.
Facile photosynthesis of novel porphyrin-derived nanocomposites containing Ag, Ag/Au, and Ag/Cu for photobactericidal study
Authors: Nejad Sajedeh Tehrani , Rahimi Rahmatollah , Rabbani Mahboubeh , Rostamnia Sadegh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this research, the one-step synthesis of novel porphyrin-based nanocomposites was performed easily using a photochemical under visible light illumination strategy. As a result, the focus of this research is on synthesizing and using decorated ZnTPP (zinc(II)tetrakis(4-phenyl)porphyrin) nanoparticles with Ag, Ag/AgCl/Cu, and Au/Ag/AgCl nanostructures as antibacterial agents. Initially, ZnTPP NPs were synthesized as a result of the self-assembly of ZnTPP. In the next step, in a visible-light irradiation photochemically process, the self-assembled ZnTPP nanoparticles were used to make ZnTPP/Ag NCs, ZnTPP/Ag/AgCl/Cu NCs, and ZnTPP/Au/Ag/AgCl NCs. A study on the antibacterial activity of nanocomposites was carried out for Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus as pathogen microorganisms by the plate count method, well diffusion tests, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values determination. Thereafter, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by the flow cytometry method. All the antibacterial tests and the flow cytometry ROS measurements were carried out under LED light and in dark. The (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was applied to investigate the cytotoxicity of the ZnTPP/Ag/AgCl/Cu NCs, against Human foreskin fibroblast (HFF-1) normal cells. Due to the specific properties such as admissible photosensitizing properties of porphyrin, mild reaction conditions, high antibacterial properties in the presence of LED light, crystal structure, and green synthesis, these nanocomposites were recognized as kinds of antibacterial materials that are activated in visible light, got the potential for use in a broad range of medical applications, photodynamic therapy, and water treatment.
Ir impurities in $$\alpha$$- and $$\beta$$-$$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$ and their detrimental effect on p-type conductivity
Authors: Zachinskis Aleksandrs , Grechenkov Jurij , Butanovs Edgars , Platonenko Aleksandrs , Piskunov Sergei , Popov Anatoli I. , Purans Juris , Bocharov Dmitry 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecently gallium oxide ($$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$

Ga
2

O
3

) has become one of the most actively studied materials due to its competitive electronic properties such as wide bandgap, high breakdown field, simple control of carrier concentration, and high thermal stability. These properties make gallium oxide a promising candidate for potential applications in high-power electronic devices. $$\beta$$
β
-$$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$

Ga
2

O
3

crystals are commonly grown by the Czochralski method in an iridium (Ir) crucible. For this reason, Ir is often present in $$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$

Ga
2

O
3

crystals as an unintentional dopant. In this work the impact of Ir incorporation defects on potential p-type conductivity in $$\beta$$
β
-$$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$

Ga
2

O
3

is studied by means of density functional theory. The metastable $$\alpha$$
α
-$$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$

Ga
2

O
3

phase was investigated as the model object to understand the processes caused by iridium doping in gallium oxide-based systems. Obtained results allow us to understand better the influence of Ir on $$\text {Ga}_{2}\text {O}_{3}$$

Ga
2

O
3

electronic structure, as well as provide interpretation for optical transitions reported in recent experiments.
Simulation of melting paraffin with graphene nanoparticles within a solar thermal energy storage system
Authors: Jafaryar M. , Sheikholeslami M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, applying new structure and loading Graphene nanoparticles have been considered as promising techniques for enhancing thermal storage systems. The layers within the paraffin zone were made from aluminum and the melting temperature of paraffin is 319.55 K. The paraffin zone located in the middle section of the triplex tube and uniform hot temperatures (335 K) for both walls of annulus have been applied. Three geometries for the container were applied with changing the angle of fins (α = 7.5°, 15° and 30°). The uniform concentration of additives was assumed involving a homogeneous model for predicting properties. Results indicate that loading Graphene nanoparticles causes time of melting to decrease about 4.98% when α = 7.5° and the impact of ϕ improves about 5.2% with reduce of angle from 30° to 7.5°. In addition, as angle declines, the period of melting decreases around 76.47% which is associated with augmentation of driving force (conduction) in geometry with lower α.
Comprehensive analysis of the diagnostic and therapeutic value of the hypoxia-related gene PLAUR in the progression of atherosclerosis
Authors: Dai Chengyi , Lin Yuhang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis (AS) is a major contributor to a variety of negative clinical outcomes, including stroke and myocardial infarction. However, the role and therapeutic value of hypoxia-related genes in AS development has been less discussed. In this study, Plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (PLAUR) was identified as an effective diagnostic marker for AS lesion progression by combining WGCNA and random forest algorithm. We validated the stability of the diagnostic value on multiple external datasets including humans and mice. We identified a significant correlation between PLAUR expression and lesion progression. We mined multiple single cell-RNA sequencing (sc-RNA seq) data to nominate macrophage as the key cell cluster for PLAUR mediated lesion progression. We combined cross-validation results from multiple databases to predict that HCG17-hsa-miR-424-5p-HIF1A, a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, may regulate hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A) expression. The DrugMatrix database was used to predict alprazolam, valsartan, biotin A, lignocaine, and curcumin as potential drugs to delay lesion progression by antagonizing PLAUR, and AutoDock was used to verify the binding ability of drugs and PLAUR. Overall, this study provides the first systematic identification of the diagnostic and therapeutic value of PLAUR in AS and offers multiple treatment options with potential applications.
Evaluation of pitting corrosion by dynamic speckle pattern analysis
Authors: Pedram Omid , Jamali Ramin , Abbasian Vahid , Rad Vahideh Farzam , Darafsheh Arash , Khamedi Ramin , Poursaeidi Esmaeil , Moradi Ali-Reza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in non-destructive and real-time high-resolution approaches for corrosion studies in metals. In this paper, we propose the dynamic speckle pattern method as a low-cost, easy-to-implement, andquasi in-situoptical technique for the quantitative evaluation of pitting corrosion. This type of corrosion occurs in a specific area of a metallic structure and causes holes formation leading to structural failure. A Custom 450 stainless steel sample, placed in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution and applied to a$$350 \,\hbox {mV}_{SCE}$$350mVSCEpotential to initiate the corrosion, is used as the sample. The speckle patterns formed by the scattering of a He-Ne laser light is changed over time due to any corrosion in the sample. The analysis of the time-integrate speckle pattern suggests that the growth rate of pitting decreases with time.
Evaluation of motion artefact reduction depending on the artefacts’ directions in head MRI using conditional generative adversarial networks
Authors: Usui Keisuke , Muro Isao , Shibukawa Syuhei , Goto Masami , Ogawa Koichi , Sakano Yasuaki , Kyogoku Shinsuke , Daida Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMotion artefacts caused by the patient’s body movements affect magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) accuracy. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the accuracy of motion artefacts correction using a conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN) with an autoencoder and U-net models. The training dataset consisted of motion artefacts generated through simulations. Motion artefacts occur in the phase encoding direction, which is set to either the horizontal or vertical direction of the image. To create T2-weighted axial images with simulated motion artefacts, 5500 head images were used in each direction. Of these data, 90% were used for training, while the remainder were used for the evaluation of image quality. Moreover, the validation data used in the model training consisted of 10% of the training dataset. The training data were divided into horizontal and vertical directions of motion artefact appearance, and the effect of combining this data with the training dataset was verified. The resulting corrected images were evaluated using structural image similarity (SSIM) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and the metrics were compared with the images without motion artefacts. The best improvements in the SSIM and PSNR were observed in the consistent condition in the direction of the occurrence of motion artefacts in the training and evaluation datasets. However, SSIM > 0.9 and PSNR > 29 dB were accomplished for the learning model with both image directions. The latter model exhibited the highest robustness for actual patient motion in head MRI images. Moreover, the image quality of the corrected image with the CGAN was the closest to that of the original image, while the improvement rates for SSIM and PSNR were approximately 26% and 7.7%, respectively. The CGAN model demonstrated a high image reproducibility, and the most significant model was the consistent condition of the learning model and the direction of the appearance of motion artefacts.
Interfacial engineering of FeWO4/Fe2O3 homometallic heterojunctions for synergistic electrocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Li Rongfang , Zhang Heng , Chen Junling , Zhang Ka , Li Wenqiang , Feng Xun , Zhang Huijuan , Abdoulkader Ibro Douka , Zhang Xu , Zhang Tiexin 
Published: May 2023

Benefiting from the interconnection of active FeWO4 and Fe2O3 chemical phases, a novel porous nanospindle FeWO4/Fe2O3 heterojunction with abundant active interfaces is developed as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for both the HER and OER.
Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dot-based portable fluorescent sensors for the sensitive detection of Fe3+ and ATP with logic gate operation
Authors: Zhang Hongyuan , Wang Jieqiong , Wei Shanshan , Wang Chenzhao , Yin Xiangyu , Song Xuewei , Jiang Chunzhu , Sun Guoying 
Published: May 2023

A unique fluorescent biosensor based on N-doped graphene quantum dots has been developed with high selectivity, anti-interference properties, excellent biocompatibility and portability, which can sensitively determine Fe3+ and ATP levels in biological matrices.
Probing the timescale of the 1.4 GHz radio emissions as a star formation tracer
Authors: Arango-Toro R. C. , Ciesla L. , Ilbert O. , Magnelli B. , Jiménez-Andrade E. F. , Buat V. 
Published: May 2023

Context. Radio used as a tracer of the star formation rate (SFR) presents enormous advantages because it is not affected by dust and radio sources that are located at the subarcsecond level. The interpretation of the low-frequency 1.4 GHz luminosity is hampered by the difficulty of modeling the paths of cosmic rays in the interstellar medium, however, and by their interactions with the magnetic field.
Aims. We compare the SFR derived from radio observations and the SFRs derived from spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling. We aim at better understanding the behavior of the SFR radio tracer, with a specific emphasis on the link to star formation histories (SFHs).
Methods. The analysis is based on a subsample of 1584 star-forming galaxies extracted from the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) with observations of the Very large array project at 3 GHz. We used the SED modeling code investigating galaxy emission, CIGALE, with a nonparametric model for the SFH and fit the data over the wavelength range from the ultraviolet (UV) to the mid-infrared (mid-IR). We interpret the difference between radio and SED-based SFR tracers in the light of recent gradients in the derived SFH. To validate the robustness of the results, we searched for any remaining contribution of active galaxy nuclei and tested the impact of our SFH modeling approach.
Results. Approximately 27% our galaxies present a radio SFR (SFRradio) that is at least ten times higher than the instantaneous SFR from SED fitting (SFRSED). This trend primarily affects the galaxies whose SFH activity decreased over the last 300 Myr. Both SFR indicators converge toward a consistent value when the SFHs are averaged over a period longer than 150 Myr to derive SFRSED.
Conclusions. Although the radio at a low frequency of 1.4 GHz is a good tracer of the star formation activity of galaxies with a constant or increasing SFH, our results indicate that this is not the case for quenched galaxies. Our analysis suggests that the star formation time sensitivity of the low radio frequency might be longer than 150 Myr. Interestingly, the discrepancy between the SFRradio and SFRSED can be used as diagnostic to select post-starburst galaxies.