bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Workers’ Perspectives on Extreme Risk Protection Orders
Authors: Conrick Kelsey M , Gause Emma , Rivara Frederick P , Rowhani-Rahbar Ali , Moore Megan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Extreme risk protection orders (ERPOs), which allow for the temporary restriction of firearm access for individuals at substantial risk of harming themselves and/or others, are a promising policy tool to address increasing rates of firearm-related suicide, homicide, and mass shootings. Social workers frequently assess clients at risk of firearm-related harm, positioning social workers to play a key role in ERPO implementation. This study sought to understand social workers’ perspectives on ERPOs. Authors invited 6,910 licensed social workers in Washington state to participate in a survey in May and June of 2021 about facilitators and barriers to their willingness to counsel clients’ family members, contact law enforcement, or independently file ERPOs for clients at risk of harm to self (HTS) or others (HTO). Of the 1,381 survey participants, most were willing to counsel (96 percent for HTS; 96 percent HTO), contact law enforcement (84 percent for HTS; 87 percent for HTO), or independently file an ERPO (78 percent for HTS; 79 percent for HTO). Common barriers associated with willingness were lack of understanding about the ERPO process and concerns with involving the legal system/law enforcement. Key facilitators included training social workers about ERPOs and availability of legal experts for consultations. Social workers are willing to incorporate ERPOs into their practice for clients, but remaining barriers need to be addressed to support the practice.
Effector Identification in Plant Pathogens
Authors: Lovelace Amelia H. , Dorhmi Sara , Hulin Michelle T. , Li Yufei , Mansfield John W. , Ma Wenbo 
Published: April 2023

Effectors play a central role in determining the outcome of plant−pathogen interactions. As key virulence proteins, effectors are collectively indispensable for disease development. By understanding the virulence mechanisms of effectors, fundamental knowledge of microbial pathogenesis and disease resistance have been revealed. Effectors are also considered double-edged swords because some of them activate immunity in disease resistant plants after being recognized by specific immune receptors, which evolved to monitor pathogen presence or activity. Characterization of effector recognition by their cognate immune receptors and the downstream immune signaling pathways is instrumental in implementing resistance. Over the past decades, substantial research effort has focused on effector biology, especially concerning their interactions with virulence targets or immune receptors in plant cells. A foundation of this research is robust identification of the effector repertoire from a given pathogen, which depends heavily on bioinformatic prediction. In this review, we summarize methodologies that have been used for effector mining in various microbial pathogens which use different effector delivery mechanisms. We also discuss current limitations and provide perspectives on how recently developed analytic tools and technologies may facilitate effector identification and hence generation of a more complete vision of host−pathogen interactions. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
A review of food allergy-related costs with consideration to clinical and demographic factors
Authors: Golding Michael A. , Protudjer Jennifer L.P. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of review
To provide an overview of the magnitude and sources of food allergy-related costs, with a particular emphasis on the recent literature. We also aim to identify clinical and demographic factors associated with differences in food allergy-related costs.

Recent findings
Recent research has expanded upon previous studies by making greater use of administrative health data and other large sample designs to provide more robust estimates of the financial burden of food allergy on individuals and the healthcare system. These studies shed new light on the role of allergic comorbidities in driving costs, and also on the high costs of acute food allergy care. Although research is still largely limited to a small group of high-income countries, new research from Canada and Australia suggests that the high costs of food allergy extend beyond the United States and Europe. Unfortunately, as a result of these costs, newly emerging research also suggests that individuals managing food allergy, may be left at greater risk of food insecurity.

Summary
Findings underscore the importance of continued investment in efforts aimed at reducing the frequency and severity of reactions, as well as programs designed towards helping offset individual/household level costs.
Bilateral Simultaneous Penetrating Keratoplasty: A 40-Year Odyssey
Authors: Castillejo Becerra Clara M. , Bourne William M. , Patel Sanjay V. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to report 40-year follow-up on a case of bilateral simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty (PK) involving a contralateral autograft.

Methods:
This was a case report.

Results:
A 39-year-old man developed right corneal scarring and lipid keratopathy from previous herpes zoster keratouveitis with visual acuity of 20/200. The left eye had dense amblyopia with visual acuity of 20/300. In 1980, he underwent right PK using a contralateral autograft and simultaneous left PK with an allograft. The right autograft provided excellent visual acuity until the graft failed 40 years later. The left allograft underwent severe endothelial graft rejection 2 months after surgery with gradual corneal clearance over the next 21 months. The left allograft remained clear through 40 years without graft failure.

Conclusions:
Long-term useful vision and graft survival were achieved with a penetrating autograft by avoiding endothelial graft rejection in the setting of previous herpes zoster keratitis and the patient being functionally monocular. Despite almost failing from severe endothelial graft rejection in the absence of ocular risk factors, the left allograft recovered and remained clear through 40 years possibly because peripheral host endothelial cells repopulated the donor.
Associations between four polymorphisms of the SLCO1B1 and effectiveness of the statins: a meta-analysis
Authors: Nguyen Hong Ha , Nguyen Cuc Thi Thu , Mai Tran Ngoc Phuong , Huong Phung Thanh 
Published: April 2023

Objective
Statins are the first-choice therapy for dyslipidemia, but their effectiveness can be influenced by genetic polymorphisms. This study was conducted to assess the association of variants of the solute carrier anion transporter family 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene, which encodes a transporter involving the hepatic clearance of the statins and their therapeutic efficacy.

Method
A systematic review was performed on four electronic databases to identify relevant studies. The pooled mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI) in percentage change of concentration of LDL-C, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, and triglycerides was calculated. Heterogeneity between studies and publication bias, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses were also carried out using R software.

Results
Twenty-one studies on 24 365 participants and four variants [rs4149056 (c.521T>C), rs2306283 (c.388A>G), rs11045819 (c.463C>A), rs4363657 (g.89595T>C)] were analyzed. A statistically significant association was found between the LDL-C-lowering effectiveness and the rs4149056 and rs11045819 in the heterozygote model; and the rs4149056, rs2306283, and rs11045819 in the homozygote model. In the subgroup analyses, non-Asian populations, simvastatin, and pravastatin showed significant associations between LDL-C-lowering efficacy and the rs4149056 or rs2306283. Significant associations between the rs2306283 and HDL-C-increasing effectiveness were found in the homozygote model. Regarding TC-reducing, significant associations were observed in the heterozygote and homozygote models of the rs11045819. There was no heterogeneity and publication bias among most studies.

Conclusion

SLCO1B1 variants can be used as signals to predict the statins’ effectiveness.
The Utilization of Fresh Frozen Cartilage in Asian Rhinoplasty: A New Approach
Authors: Wan Rou , Weissman Joshua P. , Ullrich Peter J. , Joshi Chitang , Williams Tokoya , Galiano Robert D. 
Published: April 2023

Summary:
Asian rhinoplasty generally requires augmentation procedures rather than reduction. Alloplastic grafts are fraught with higher complication rates. Autologous cartilage grafts are safer. However, Asian patients typically do not have adequate septal cartilages, and other autologous cartilage grafts may cause surgical site morbidities, prolonged surgical time, and complications, including warping and infection. Asian rhinoplasties were performed using fresh frozen cartilage by the senior author. Patients’ demographics and medical histories were recorded. Anthropometric measurements (nasofrontal angle, nasofacial angle, nasolabial angle, and Goode ratio) were taken on two-dimensional photographs. FACE-Q scales were used to assess patient-reported outcomes. Five Asian patients underwent rhinoplasty using the fresh frozen cartilage and were followed up for an average period of 14.2 ± 3.35 months. There was no resorption, warping, or infection. Anthropometric measurements showed no significant changes 2–4 months or 8–20 months after surgery. At the time of the 1-year follow-up, mean FACE-Q Satisfaction with Nose, and Satisfaction with Nostrils scores improved from 35.2 ± 10.06 to 60 ± 15.48 (P = 0.0002), and 42.6 ± 20.31 to 59.8 ± 38.21 (P = 0.12), respectively. Fresh frozen cadaveric cartilage is a novel option for Asian rhinoplasty. Our study demonstrated its safety and satisfying surgical outcomes.
Establishment of Saudi Arabia’s Plastic Surgery Interest Club: First-year Outcomes and Future Directions
Authors: Mortada Hatan , Al Qurashi Abdullah A. , Aljaaly Hattan A. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The purpose of this article is to share our first-year outcomes and the overall impact of the plastic surgery interest club (PSIC) since its establishment, and to discuss the future directions that any interested club may follow and benefit from.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study utilized a self-developed questionnaire that experts in the field revised. The authors recruited active PSIC members during the year 2021–2022 to assess the overall impact of the club in their various interests of the field as well as to have an overview of their opinions of this newly done initiative in Saudi Arabia. The data collection spanned from October 2021 to September 2022.

Results:
The authors analyzed the responses from 66 active members with a response rate of 78%. We found various significant positive impacts of the PSIC in the community of plastic surgery in Saudi Arabia. There was a significant difference in the interest in pursuing a career in plastic surgery before and after being a member of PSIC, with a P value of 0.0001. The members became noticeably more interested in pursuing an academic career and publishing field data after enrolling in PSIC research activities.

Conclusions:
The authors provided an analysis of 1-year outcomes of the PSIC in Saudi Arabia; there were many positive impacts of such an initiative in enhancing the local community of plastic and reconstructive surgery. The authors strongly encourage the adaption of such initiatives in various parts of the globe to develop the field of plastic surgery further.
Hand Therapy after Flexor and Extensor Tendon Repair: Assessing Predictors of Loss to Follow-up
Authors: Bennett Desmond J. , Bango Jugert , Rothkopf Douglas M. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Postoperative hand therapy (HT) is important for regaining function and preventing complications in patients undergoing tendon repair of the hand and wrist. Loss to follow-up (LTFU) can hinder this process; so we sought to determine factors that predict attrition of these patients.

Methods:
Charts were retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent extensor or flexor tendon repair of the hand, wrist, or forearm between 2014 and 2019. Demographic data, including age, sex, zip code, employment status, education level, and insurance type, were collected, and the rate of LTFU was calculated. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors.

Results:
A total of 149 patients were identified and analyzed. The rate of LTFU was 42%. Factors that predicted loss were younger age, male gender, lower educational degree, and a documented psychiatric history. Employment status, insurance type, and distance from the HT center did not predict attrition. The number of HT weeks recommended by the occupational therapist did not differ between those who were lost and those who were not. Lost patients completed, on average, 57% of their suggested HT course.

Conclusions:
The current study identified demographic factors associated with attrition in patients undergoing tendon repair of the distal upper extremity. Factors included patients who were younger, male gender, less educated, and had a documented psychiatric history. By identifying factors that predict LTFU, specific strategies can be developed to reduce attrition rates, particularly for at-risk populations, to improve patient care after tendon repair.
SARS-CoV-2 Testing of the Maxillary Sinus Immediately after COVID-19 Recovery
Authors: Maeba Takahiro , Watanabe Haruka , Wakuta Naoki 
Published: April 2023

Summary:
We report the case of a 19-year-old woman with left orbital floor fracture after a motorcycle accident. She presented with headache and diplopia; computed tomography showed herniation of the inferior rectus muscle into the maxillary sinus with orbital floor fracture. She was admitted for observation of her concussion and tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) half a day after admission. Her COVID-19 symptoms were mild; the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen quantification test was below the standard value on the 10th day of hospitalization, and her isolation was lifted. She had diplopia with vertical eye motion disorder and underwent reconstruction of her orbital floor fracture on the 11th day. Although the orbital floor was connected to the maxillary sinus due to the orbital floor fracture, the presence and the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in the maxillary sinus were unknown. The surgeons performed the operation while wearing N95 masks. A SARS-CoV-2 antigen quantification test and PCR test were performed on a sample from the maxillary sinus mucosa obtained through the orbital floor fracture before reconstruction of orbital floor with a titanium mesh implant; both were negative. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SARS-CoV-2 testing from the maxillary sinus immediately after COVID-19 recovery. We believe that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection from the maxillary sinus is small if the antigen test from the nasopharynx is negative.
Epidemiology of Injuries in Elite Male Futsal Players
Authors: Lopes Mário , Martins Francisco , Brito João , Figueiredo Pedro , Tomás Rita , Ribeiro Fernando , Travassos Bruno 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
This study aimed to describe and characterize injuries sustained by elite male futsal players in Portugal.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Top-tier Portuguese league in the 2019 to 2020 season.

Participants:
One hundred sixty-seven players from 9 elite/international-level (tier 4) futsal teams.

Independent variables:
The location, type, body side, body part, mechanism of injury, severity, occurrence, days lost, training, and match exposure were collected.

Main Outcome Measures:
Injury incidence, prevalence, and burden.

Results:
The study was conducted during an 8-month season. A total of 133 injuries were recorded, and 92 (67.6%) players sustained injuries. The overall time-loss injury incidence was 4.5 injuries per 1000 hours of exposure. Injury incidence during matches was higher than during training sessions (25.9 vs 3.0 per 1000 hours of exposure, respectively). Average time loss was 9 days, and moderate injuries were the most frequent (44%), followed by mild injuries (24%). Injury burden was 73.8 days lost per 1000 hours of total player exposure. Sprains/ligament (29%) and muscle rupture/tear/strains (32%) were the most common injuries. The groin (19%), thigh (17%), knee (19%), and ankle (15%) were the most affected body areas. Noncontact injuries were the most reported mechanism (65%), and 24% were overuse injuries.

Conclusions:
This study showed that elite/international-level (tier 4) male futsal players are more prone to noncontact injuries, primarily affecting the lower limbs. The incidence during match play increased by 9-fold compared with training sessions.
Concussion Knowledge and Self-Reported Behaviors in Youth Rugby Players and Their Coaches: A Population-Wide Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Bazo Marco , Arpone Marta , Baioccato Veronica , Ermolao Andrea , Gregori Dario , Da Dalt Liviana , Bressan Silvia 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
To investigate concussion knowledge and self-reported behaviors in Italian youth rugby players and their coaches. To investigate predictors of lower concussion knowledge and association between athletes' self-reported knowledge and behavior.

Design:
Cross-sectional, population-wide, survey study.

Setting:
All rugby clubs (n = 52) of the Veneto region (Italy).

Participants:
Players and coaches of all under 15, 17 and 19 teams. Overall, 1719 athlete surveys (92.2% male; response rate, 71.1%) and 235 coach surveys (93.6% male; response rate, 93.2%) were eligible for analysis.

Intervention:
Surveys circulated from September 20 to December 13, 2021.

Main Outcome Measures:
Knowledge scores were reported as a percentage of correct answers. Descriptive statistics were reported for all answers. The primary outcomes were concussion knowledge and self-reported behaviors. The secondary outcomes were the association between knowledge and participant individual factors and self-reported behaviors.

Results:
Median knowledge score for athletes was 55% (IQR: 44-67) and for coaches was 60% (IQR: 52.5-69). Only 33.3% of athletes and 40% of coaches were aware of an increased risk of a second concussion after sustaining one. Athletes who had never heard of the word concussion (effect: −9.31; SE: 1.35, 95% CI: −12.0 to −6.7; P < 0.0001) and coaches with longer coaching experience (effect: −4.35; SE: 2.0, 95% CI: −8.29 to −0.41; P < 0.03) reported lower knowledge scores. There was no statistical association between knowledge scores and athlete self-reported behavior.

Conclusion:
Athletes and coaches had a similar level of concussion knowledge. Knowledge score of athletes did not predict self-reported behaviors. Although enhanced concussion education should be undertaken, interventions to ensure appropriate concussion reporting behaviors are also required.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms Profile in Gastroparesis Compared to Other Functional and Organic Gastrointestinal Diseases
Authors: Varni James W. , Chumpitazi Bruno P. , Febo-Rodriguez Liz , Shulman Robert J. 
Published: April 2023

Objectives:
The primary objective was to compare the patient-reported gastrointestinal symptoms profiles of pediatric patients with gastroparesis to pediatric patients with 1 of 7 other functional gastrointestinal disorders and organic gastrointestinal diseases using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Gastrointestinal Symptoms Scales.

Methods:
The gastrointestinal symptoms profiles of 64 pediatric patients with gastroparesis who manifested abnormal gastric retention based on gastric emptying scintigraphy testing were compared to 582 pediatric patients with 1 of 7 physician-diagnosed gastrointestinal disorders (functional abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional constipation, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis). The PedsQL Gastrointestinal Symptoms Scales encompass 10 individual multi-item scales which measure stomach pain, stomach discomfort when eating, food and drink limits, trouble swallowing, heartburn and reflux, nausea and vomiting, gas and bloating, constipation, blood in poop, and diarrhea/fecal incontinence, with an overall total gastrointestinal symptoms score.

Results:
The gastrointestinal symptoms profile analysis identified significantly worse overall total gastrointestinal symptoms scores between pediatric patients with gastroparesis compared to all other gastrointestinal groups except for irritable bowel syndrome (most Ps < 0.001), with significant differences for stomach discomfort when eating compared to all 7 other gastrointestinal groups (most Ps < 0.001). Nausea and vomiting were significantly worse for gastroparesis compared to all other gastrointestinal groups except for functional dyspepsia (all Ps < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Pediatric patients with gastroparesis self-reported significantly worse overall total gastrointestinal symptoms compared to all other gastrointestinal diagnostic groups except for irritable bowel syndrome, with stomach discomfort when eating and nausea and vomiting symptoms exhibiting the greatest differences compared to most gastrointestinal diagnostic groups.
Measuring the Work Environment
Authors: Campbell Caitlin Marley , Swiger Pauline A. , Warshawsky Nora , Li Peng , Olds Danielle , Cramer Emily , Patrician Patrician A. 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
The aims of this study were to obtain direct care hospital nurse input on the relevance of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) and to determine whether additional items are needed to measure the contemporary nursing work environment (NWE).

BACKGROUND
Instruments accurately measuring the NWE are essential due to the NWE's association with nurse, patient, and organizational outcomes. However, the most frequently used instrument for measuring the NWE has not been scrutinized by today's practicing direct care nurses to ensure its current relevancy.

METHODS
Researchers administered a survey with a modified PES-NWI and open-ended questions to a national sample of direct care hospital nurses.

RESULTS
Three items from the PES-NWI may be suitable for removal, and additional items may be added to accurately measure the current NWE.

CONCLUSION
Most PES-NWI items remain relevant for modern nursing practice. However, some revisions could enable greater precision in measuring the current NWE.
I Would Like to Do It Very Much! Leisure Participation Patterns and Determinants of Brazilian Children and Adolescents With Physical Disabilities
Authors: Souto Deisiane Oliveira , Cardoso de Sa Cristina dos Santos , de Lima Maciel Flaviana Kelly , Vila-Nova Fabio , Gonçalves de Souza Mariane , Guimarães Ferreira Rafaela , Longo Egmar , Leite Hércules Ribeiro 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To describe the patterns, preferences, and predictors of participation in leisure activities of children and young people with physical disabilities from Brazil.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study that included 50 children/young people with physical disabilities from the southeast of Brazil. The children were assessed using the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment and Preferences for Activities.

Results:
Children/young people participated in an average of 38% of the activities, with a greater number and frequency of informal, recreational, social, and self-improvement activities. The average frequency of participation in the activities was twice in the previous 4 months. The enjoyment in the participated activities was high. There was a greater preference for recreational, social, and physical activities. Age and functional classification were predictors of participation.

Conclusion:
This study of children with disabilities from the southeast of Brazil supports studies in other low- and middle-income countries, demonstrating low diversity and intensity of participation in leisure activities, but with high levels of enjoyment.