bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does cognitive biased knowledge influence investor decisions? An empirical investigation using machine learning and artificial neural network
Authors: Bihari Anshita , Dash Manoranjan , Muduli Kamalakanta , Kumar Anil , Mulat-Weldemeskel Eyob , Luthra Sunil 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Current research in the field of behavioural finance has attempted to discover behavioural biases and their characteristics in individual investors’ irrational decision-making. This study aims to find out how biases in information based on knowledge affect decisions about investments.

Design/methodology/approach
In step one, through existing research and consultation with specialists, 13 relevant items covering major aspects of bias were determined. In the second step, multiple linear regression and artificial neural network were used to analyse the data of 337 retail investors.

Findings
The investment choice was heavily impacted by regret aversion, followed by loss aversion, overconfidence and the Barnum effect. It was observed that the Barnum effect has a statistically significant negative link with investing choices. The research also found that investors’ fear of making mistakes and their tendency to be too sure of themselves were the most significant factors in their decisions about where to put their money.

Practical implications
This research contributes to the expansion of the knowledge base in behavioural finance theory by highlighting the significance of cognitive psychological traits in how leading investors end up making irrational decisions. Portfolio managers, financial institutions and investors in developing markets may all significantly benefit from the information offered.

Originality/value
This research is a one-of-a-kind study, as it analyses the emotional biases along with the cognitive biases of investor decision-making. Investor decisions generally consider the shadowy side of knowledge management.
Does competitive asymmetry confer polyploid advantage under changing environments?
Authors: Guo Wen , Wei Na , Hao Guang‐You , Yang Shi‐Jian , Zhu Zhi‐Yong , Yang Yong‐Ping , Duan Yuan‐Wen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Competitive interactions drive critical ecological processes in plant communities. Yet, how competitive interactions are influenced by polyploidy that has a widespread incidence in plants remains largely unknown.

To evaluate the hypothesis of competitive asymmetry between polyploids and diploids, we competed tetraploid and diploid plants of perennial herbaceous Chrysanthemum indicum L. (Asteraceae) at different relative frequencies under contrasting soil water contents. We quantified the interaction intensity between competing plants of the same (intraploidy) and different ploidy levels (interploidy), and measured functional traits related to gas exchange and plant water use to understand the underlying mechanisms.

The stronger competitive effect of tetraploids on diploids than that of diploids on tetraploids provided evidence for the competitive asymmetry. As a stronger competitor, tetraploids were limited more by individuals of their own than by diploids. Such competitive asymmetry was not only maintained under reduced soil water content, but also translated into higher above‐ground biomass of tetraploids. Tetraploids showed more resource‐acquisitive traits than diploids under high soil water content and more resource‐conservative traits under reduced soil water content. As such, the higher trait plasticity in tetraploids than diploids likely explained the competitive asymmetry.

Synthesis. These results elucidate the nature and magnitude of species interactions between polyploid and diploid plants under changing environments and the underlying mechanisms, and provide important insights into the prevalence and persistence of polyploid plants under a changing climate.
Collective Trauma, Implicit Memories, the Body, and Active Imagination in Jungian Analysis1
Authors: Fleischer Karin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis presentation attempts to show the healing potential underlying the inclusion of the patient's body in the analytic process, while honouring and revisiting the understanding of the psyche‐body connection described by Jung in his early work. In addition, the author offers reflections on the impact of collective trauma whose aftermath, among others, has been the disappearance of thousands of people, consequently breaking the family genealogy, leaving hundreds of children stripped of their roots and true identity. Referencing clinical material, the author describes how the process of translation and integration—from the sensory‐perceptual to the conceptual‐symbolic—can be halted on account of collective trauma occurring at an early stage in development. Moreover, it is shown how the potential of the archetype or image schema, linked to the somatic‐affective early experiences encoded as implicit memories, can be recovered, when Embodied Active Imagination is included in the analytic work. The patient's bodily gestures and somatic experience may bridge the gap between the preverbal‐implicit knowledge and the emergence of emotions and images that allow for the creation of a new symbolic narrative.
Effects of 5‐year experimental warming in the Alpine belt on soil Archaea: Multi‐omics approaches and prospects
Authors: D'Alò Federica , Zucconi Laura , Onofri Silvano , Canini Fabiana , Cannone Nicoletta , Malfasi Francesco , Morais Daniel Kumazawa , Starke Robert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe currently lack a predictive understanding of how soil archaeal communities may respond to climate change, particularly in Alpine areas where warming is far exceeding the global average. Here, we characterized the abundance, structure, and function of total (by metagenomics) and active soil archaea (by metatranscriptomics) after 5‐year experimental field warming (+1°C) in Italian Alpine grasslands and snowbeds. Our multi‐omics approach unveiled an increasing abundance of Archaea during warming in snowbeds, which was negatively correlated with the abundance of fungi (by qPCR) and micronutrients (Ca and Mg), but positively correlated with soil water content. In the snowbeds transcripts, warming resulted in the enrichment of abundances of transcription and nucleotide biosynthesis. Our study provides novel insights into possible changes in soil Archaea composition and function in the climate change scenario.
Age‐dependent loss of hepatic SIRT1 enhances NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and impairs capacity for liver fibrosis resolution
Authors: Adjei‐Mosi Jennifer , Sun Qing , Smithson Steven Blake , Shealy Gavyn Lee , Amerineni Krupa Dhruvitha , Liang Zerong , Chen Hanqing , Wang Mei , Ping Qinggong , Han Jingyan , Morita Masahiro , Kamat Amrita , Musi Nicolas , Zang Mengwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOur studies indicate that the longevity factor SIRT1 is implicated in metabolic disease; however, whether and how hepatocyte‐specific SIRT1 signaling is involved in liver fibrosis remains undefined. We characterized a functional link of age‐mediated defects in SIRT1 to the NLRP3 inflammasome during age‐related liver fibrosis. In multiple experimental murine models of liver fibrosis, we compared the development of liver fibrosis in young and old mice, as well as in liver‐specific SIRT1 knockout (SIRT1 LKO) mice and wild‐type (WT) mice. Liver injury, fibrosis, and inflammation were assessed histologically and quantified by real‐time PCR analysis. In a model of hepatotoxin‐induced liver fibrosis, old mice displayed more severe and persistent liver fibrosis than young mice during liver injury and after injury cessation, as characterized by inhibition of SIRT1, induction of NLRP3, infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils, activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and excessive deposition and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Mechanistically, deletion of SIRT1 in hepatocytes resulted in NLRP3 and IL‐1β induction, pro‐inflammatory response, and severe liver fibrosis in young mice, mimicking the ability of aging to impair the resolution of established fibrosis. In an aging mouse model, chronic‐plus‐binge alcohol feeding‐induced liver fibrosis was attenuated by treatment with MCC950, a selective NLRP3 inhibitor. NLRP3 inhibition ameliorated alcoholic liver fibrosis in old mice by repressing inflammation and reducing hepatocyte‐derived danger signaling—ASK1 and HMGB1. In conclusion, age‐dependent SIRT1 defects lead to NLRP3 activation and inflammation, which in turn impairs the capacity to resolve fibrosis during aging.
Variant plantaris muscle with degenerated accessory head: Gross and histological analysis
Authors: Futa Brianne A. , Olewnik Łukasz , Konschake Marko , Cardona Juan J. , Iwanaga Joe , Aragones Paloma , Sanudo Jose , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe variant plantaris muscle has itself been reported to have variable presentations. Here, we report an unusual finding of the plantaris muscle and report its gross and histological findings. A duplicated head of the plantaris muscle was identified in the right leg of an adult cadaver age and sex. The more anterior head of the muscle was in the typical location and originated from the superolateral condyle of the femur. However, the more posteriorly located head arose from the iliotibial band at the level of the distal thigh. The two heads united and continued as the typical distal tendon of the plantaris muscle to insert into the calcaneus tendon (Achilles). The normally positioned head of the plantaris muscle was found to be composed of typical skeletal muscle fibres. However, the accessory head of the plantaris muscle was found to be severely degenerated and infiltrated with adipose tissue. We report a duplicated head of the plantaris muscle. Histologically, the accessory head was degenerated and infiltrated with adipose tissue. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such a case. Further cases are now necessary to further elucidate this finding.
The impact of multidisciplinary cancer meetings in guiding treatment intent in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Kealey Joshua , Ip Christopher , Davis Ian D. , Sengupta Shomik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatient presentation at multidisciplinary cancer meetings (MDMs) is a key quality indicator in cancer care and may have particular utility in rare malignancies, such as upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). This study aims to investigate what proportion of patients diagnosed with UTUC had treatment intent changed at MDM, the nature of these changes, and what patient factors may correlate with a suggested change.MethodsThis study analyzed patients diagnosed with UTUC between 2015 and 2020 at an Australian tertiary referral center. MDM discussion rate and suggested treatment intent changes were analyzed. Patient factors that may prompt change, including age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and Eastern Cooperation Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), were assessed.ResultsSeventy‐five patients were diagnosed with UTUC of whom 71 (94.6%) were discussed at an MDM upon diagnosis. Change to palliative intent was suggested in 8/71 (11%) patients. Patients for whom change to palliative treatment was suggested had a higher age (median 85 vs. 78 years, p<.01), CCI (median 7 vs. 4, p<.005), ECOG PS (median 2 vs. 0, p<.002), and lower eGFR (mean 31 vs. 66 mL/min/1.73 m2, p< .0001), compared to those who underwent radical treatment. No patient had an MDM recommendation to change from palliative to curative treatment.ConclusionMDM discussion resulted in clinically important changes of treatment intent in a substantial proportion of patients with UTUC, potentially sparing futile treatments. Several patient factors were associated with suggested changes, highlighting the requirement for accurate, in‐depth patient information at MDM discussion.
Regulatory Alchemy: How the Water Cycle Becomes Capital in the California Desert
Authors: Sizek Julia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA proposed project will take water from an aquifer in the California desert to the coast. Lacking final approvals more than 30 years after it started, the project remains a plan despite sizeable opposition. What is its secret? In this paper, I examine the imaginaries of the underground aquifer underneath the lands of Cadiz Inc, the project proponent. While local theories insist the company is at the centre of a Chinatown conspiracy, I argue that the company stays alive through regulatory alchemy, a term that reveals the magic at the heart of scientific and regulatory approval processes. I examine narratives of the aquifer in environmental compliance and financial reporting in order to reveal how regulatory processes become the conditions of profit‐making, building on debates in critical legal geography and political ecology.
Spartan dependence on Laurion lead
Authors: Lloyd James Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article presents contextual evidence for the interpretation of lead isotope analysis (LIA) of artefacts from the Archaic Greek Mediterranean. In particular, I make a response to Wood’s suggestion in Archaeometry (2022, first view, ‘Other ways to examine the finances behind the birth of Classical Greece’) that the end of the production of lead votive figurines in Sparta might have been caused by Athenian restrictions to Laurion lead exports, drawing on new LIA of the Spartan lead votives and wider considerations concerning the trade, cost and volume of lead in the 7th to 5th century bce Mediterranean.
Off‐label and unlicensed medicine prescribing in university hospital paediatric wards in Finland: A prospective study
Authors: Kaisto Hanna , Sepponen Kati , Lindell‐Osuagwu Leena , Sankilampi Ulla 
Published: March 2023

AimsThe aim of this research is to study the prevalence of prescribing medicines for off‐label (OL) use and unlicensed (UL) medicines for children during hospitalization in 2021 and to assess changes compared with 2011.MethodsThe study included all patients aged <18 years who were treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or general paediatric ward of Kuopio University Hospital (KUH), Finland, during 4 weeks in April and May 2021. Their background data and daily information on medicine prescriptions were collected from patient records. The prescriptions were classified as OL, UL or on‐label/approved. The type of OL category was defined.ResultsAltogether, 165 children aged 0–17 years (median 3.2 years) were treated in the paediatric wards (46 in the NICU and 119 in the general ward). In total, 1402 prescriptions were made for 153 children (93%). The proportion of OL and UL prescriptions decreased significantly from 55% in 2011 to 45% (age‐adjusted proportion) in 2021 (P < .001). The proportion of patients receiving at least 1 UL medicine prescription decreased from 53% in 2011 to 30% (age‐adjusted proportion) in 2021 (P < .001). About 76% of hospitalized children were still prescribed either OL prescription or UL medicine in 2021.ConclusionThe prescriptions for OL use and UL medicines were less prevalent in 2021 than 2011, but still a majority of hospitalized children were prescribed either medicine for OL use or UL medicine in 2021. This indicates a persisting need for approved medicines in children suggesting that revision of EU Paediatric Regulation 2007 is necessary.
Dermatopathology – Current status and development in German‐speaking dermatology
Authors: Mitteldorf Christina , Tronnier Michael 
Published: March 2023

SummaryDermatopathology has been an integral part of dermatology for more than 100 years and is essential for high quality patient care. In German‐speaking countries, dermatologists can acquire an additional qualification in dermatopathology after appropriate further training. For many years, dermatopathological diagnostics has advanced far beyond morphology. Immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology are nowadays an essential part and a prerequisite for the preservation of our discipline. Due to the increasing implementation of digitalization and artificial intelligence, dermatopathology is forward‐looking and offers an attractive working environment for young colleagues. Dermatopathology is also indispensable for research, and this fact should also be taken into account by creating academic positions and professorships in the future.
Dermatosurgery – from surgical option to integral part of dermatologic therapy
Authors: Hafner Jürg , Löser Christoph R. , Roka Florian 
Published: March 2023

SummaryDermatosurgery was long considered an isolated, and not always important, discipline within dermatology. As a therapeutic option, it was considered either the gold standard of first‐line therapy, for example in basal cell carcinoma surgery and treatment of early‐stage melanoma, or the last option, for instance in the treatment of warts. The fact that a profound change has taken place and that dermatosurgery is now an integral, equal, sometimes leading and always significant component of dermatology will be demonstrated in this review using three examples from geriatric dermatology, the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa), and melanoma therapy. This review is supplemented by a section on the most important technique in dermatosurgery: microscopic (micrographic) surgery or Mohs Surgery.
Melanom
Authors: Ugurel Selma , Gutzmer Ralf 
Published: March 2023

SummaryMelanoma is a highly aggressive skin tumor nicknamed “black cancer of the skin” because it originates from the pigment‐forming cells (melanocytes). The tumors are prone to invasive growth and early lymphogenic and hematogenic metastasis. Known risk factors are UV radiation, light skin type, the presence of multiple atypical nevi, and a positive family history. Decisive for the course of the disease are a guideline‐based diagnosis and therapy. In addition to complete excision of the primary tumor with an adequate safety margin, various systemic therapies are available. These are in particular BRAF‐targeted therapy and PD‐1‐based immune checkpoint therapy. This mini‐review does not claim to be exhaustive, but is intended to focus primarily on those aspects of the disease that are currently in clinical and scientific focus, and on which there are new developments to report. In particular, there are new therapeutic regimens for unresectable melanoma and studies of adjuvant treatments, as well as developments in diagnostics.
Right arcuate fasciculus as outcome predictor after low‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in nonfluent aphasic stroke
Authors: Lin Bing‐Fong , Hon Fei , Lin Mu‐Yun , Tsai Po‐Yi , Lu Chia‐Feng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeA reliable neuroimaging biomarker to predict language improvement after neuromodulation in post‐stroke aphasia is lacking. It is hypothesized that aphasic patients with stroke injuries in the left primary language circuits but with sufficient right arcuate fasciculus (AF) integrity might respond to low‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF‐rTMS), leading to language improvement. This study aimed to assess the microstructural indices of the right AF before LF‐rTMS treatment and further correlate with language improvement after the treatment.MethodsThirty‐three patients with at least 3 months after stroke in the left hemisphere and nonfluent aphasia were recruited in this randomized double‐blind study. All patients received real 1‐Hz LF‐rTMS (n = 16) or sham stimulation (n = 17) at the right pars triangularis for 10 consecutive weekdays. Fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity and apparent diffusion coefficient of the right AF were extracted using diffusion tensor imaging before the rTMS treatment and correlated with the measured functional improvement by the Concise Chinese Aphasia Test.ResultsThe Concise Chinese Aphasia Test change scores revealed a stronger language improvement in auditory/reading comprehension and expression in the rTMS group than in the sham group. Regression analysis showed that the pre‐treatment fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity and apparent diffusion coefficient of the right AF significantly correlated with the expression abilities (R2 > 0.700, p < 0.044) and comprehension abilities (R2 > 0.702, p < 0.039) in the rTMS group.ConclusionsIt was concluded that the right AF could be a predictor in language recovery induced by LF‐rTMS after the injuries of primary language circuits.
Lipids and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xia Kailin , Klose Veronika , Högel Josef , Huang Tao , Zhang Linjing , Dorst Johannes , Fan Dongsheng , Ludolph Albert C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivePrevious observational studies revealed a potential but partially controversial relation between lipid metabolism and the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), potentially prone to bias. Therefore, we aimed to study whether lipid metabolism involves genetically determined risk factors for ALS through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.MethodsUsing genome‐wide association study summary‐level data for total cholesterol (TC) (n = 188,578), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) (n = 403,943), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) (n = 440,546), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) (n = 391,193), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (n = 439,214), and ALS (12,577 cases and 23,475 controls), we implemented a bidirectional MR study to evaluate a genetic relation between lipids and ALS risk. We performed a mediation analysis to assess whether LDL‐C is a potential mediator on the pathway from traits of LDL‐C‐related polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to ALS risk.ResultsWe identified genetically predicted increased lipid levels to be associated with the risk of ALS, whereby elevated LDL‐C had the most potent effect (OR 1.028, 95% CI 1.008–1.049, p = 0.006). The effect of increased levels of apolipoproteins on ALS was similar to their corresponding lipoproteins. ALS did not cause any changes in lipid levels. We found no relation between LDL‐C‐modifying lifestyles and ALS. The mediation analysis revealed that LDL‐C could act as an active mediator for linoleic acid, with the mediation effect estimated to be 0.009.ConclusionsWe provided high‐level genetic evidence verifying the positive link between preclinically elevated lipid and ALS risk that had been described in previous genetic and observational studies. We also demonstrated the mediating role of LDL‐C in the pathway from PUFAs to ALS.
Diversity in the clinical presentation of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP): A series of case vignettes from around the world
Authors: Choon Siew Eng , Elewski Boni E. , Fujita Hideki , Geng Songmei , van de Kerkhof Peter , Mburu Sicily , Puig Lluís , Romiti Ricardo , Venturini Marina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA key principle of clinical studies and case reports is that they should reflect the demographics and epidemiology of the patient population concerned. Here, we have compiled a diverse group of clinical cases of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) to showcase the differences in GPP presentation in patients worldwide. We attempt to capture the broad spectrum of clinical presentations of GPP and showcase the diversity of the patient population. The patients included in this series are diverse in age, genetic background, skin phototype and medical history. Moreover, they present with a variety of clinical courses of GPP and different degrees of systemic involvement, and experience flares triggered by different inciting factors. The key learnings from this case series may support physicians in identifying and managing patients with this rare and multifaceted disease that can affect patients both physically and psychologically.