bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New gantry angle‐dependent beam control optimization with Elekta linear accelerator for VMAT delivery
Authors: van Appeldoorn Adriaan Abraham , Kok Johannes Gerardus Maria , Wolthaus Jochem Willem Heiko 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionThis paper describes a method to improve gantry‐dependent beam steering for Elekta traveling wave linear accelerators by applying the measured and filtered beam servo corrections to the existing lookup table (LUT). Beam steering has a direct influence on the treatment accuracy by affecting the beam symmetry and position. The presented method provides an improved LUT with respect to the default Elekta method to reduce treatment delivery interruptions. These interruptions are known to contribute to unwanted intrafraction motion and longer treatment times.MethodsCompared to the default method of the manufacturer, this new method takes both clockwise and counterclockwise rotation to compensate for magnetic hysteresis as well as previous configuration and noise filtering into account. The improved method to determine the lookup table uses service graphing information from the linac without the need for additional symmetry information. The clinical configuration of the flattened beam energies remains untouched during the data record.ResultsThis method results in a configuration where the gantry‐dependent steering is optimized over the full arc with optimal balance in the hysteresis and minimizing the effect of errors in the steering values. This method is a less error‐prone process compared to the methodology described in previous research, still achieving a reduction of interruption of about 60 percent compared to the Elekta method.ConclusionThis study shows a simplified way to optimize linac stability with improved LUT. The optimized LUT results in a lower number of interruptions, preventing downtime, and a lower risk of intrafraction motion due to longer treatment time.
Suppression of Sepsis Cytokine Storm by Escherichia Coli Cell Wall‐Derived Carbon Dots
Authors: Li Yinan , Huang Xiu , Qiao Qingqing , Li Yingying , Han Xu , Chen Caihong , Chen Yang , Guo Shuang , Zhang Yang , Gao Wenqing , Liu Huijuan , Sun Tao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSepsis is a life‐threatening disease caused by a dysregulated immune response to infection, often involving the translocation of Gram‐negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) into the bloodstream, triggering a cytokine storm. Despite its severity, no effective drugs currently exist for sepsis treatment. This study explores whether pathogen‐derived carbon dots can mitigate their inherent toxicity while leveraging their structural similarity to pathogens to competitively bind pattern recognition receptors, thereby inhibiting sepsis. Based on this concept, E. coli wall‐derived carbon dots (E‐CDs) are synthesized and shown to reduce inflammatory cytokine production, protect organ function, and improve survival in septic mice. Mechanistic studies reveal that E‐CDs competitively bind to lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein with lipopolysaccharide, promoting toll‐like receptor 4 degradation via the lysosomal pathway and inhibiting nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) activation. Additionally, E‐CDs exhibit antioxidant properties, reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA release, thereby suppressing overactivation of the stimulator of interferon genes pathway. In septic cynomolgus monkeys and patient‐derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells, E‐CDs alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress. Overall, this study demonstrates that E‐CDs can suppress the cytokine storm in sepsis by co‐silencing innate immune pathways, suggesting that converting pathogens into carbon dots offers a novel therapeutic strategy.
Impact of Halogen Groups on the Properties of PEA‐Based 2D Pb–Sn Halide Perovskites
Authors: Foadian Elham , Sanchez Sheryl L , Harris Sumner B. , Lawrie Benjamin J. , Dubey Astita , Tang Yipeng , Hu Bin , Yang Jonghee , Ahmadi Mahshid 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTuning broad emission in 2D Pb–Sn halide perovskites (HPs) is essential for advancing optoelectronic applications, particularly for color‐tunable and white‐light‐emitting devices. This broad emission is linked to structural factors, such as defects and phase segregation of the Pb component within the Pb–Sn system, which are strongly influenced by the molecular structure and chemical properties of spacer cations. Atomic tuning of the spacers via halogenation opens up a new way to fine‐tune the molecular properties, enabling further augmentations of HP functionalities. Nevertheless, the distinct broad emission's sensitivity to spacer chemistry remains underexplored. Here, halogenation's influence is systematically investigated on 2D HP emission characteristics using a high‐throughput workflow. These findings reveal that the F‐containing phenethylammonium (4F‐PEA) spacer narrows the broadband PL, whereas Cl broadens it. Through a correlative study, it is found that 4F‐PEA reduces not only the local phase segregation but also the defect levels and microstrains in 2D HPs. This is likely attributed to the manifestation of less lattice distortion via stronger surface coordination of the dipole‐augmented 4F‐PEA. These results highlight halogenation as a key factor in modulating phase segregation and defect density in 2D Pb–Sn HPs, offering a promising pathway to tune the emission for enhanced optoelectronic performance.
Developing machine‐learning‐based amyloidogenicity predictors with Cross‐Beta DB
Authors: Gonay Valentin , Dunne Michael P. , Caceres‐Delpiano Javier , Kajava Andrey V. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe importance of protein amyloidogenesis, associated with various diseases and functional roles, has driven the creation of computational predictors of amyloidogenicity. The accuracy of these predictors, particularly those utilizing artificial intelligence technologies, heavily depends on the quality of the data.METHODSWe built Cross‐Beta DB, a database containing high‐quality data on known cross‐β amyloids formed under natural conditions. We used it to train and benchmark several machine‐learning (ML) algorithms to predict amyloid‐forming potential of proteins.RESULTSWe developed the Cross‐Beta predictor using an Extra trees ML algorithm, which outperforms other amyloid predictors with the highest F1 score (0.852) and accuracy (0.844) compared to existing methods.DISCUSSIONThe development of the Cross‐Beta DB database and a new ML‐based Cross‐Beta predictor may enable the creation of personalized risk profiles for neurodegenerative diseases and other amyloidoses—especially as genome sequencing becomes more affordable.Highlights
Accuracy of ML‐based predictors depends on the quality of training data
We built Cross‐Beta DB, a database of high‐quality data on naturally‐occurring amyloids
Using this data, we developed an amyloid predictor that outperforms other predictors
This computational tool enables the creation of risk profiles for neurodegenerative diseases
Enhancing CO2 Electroreduction to Multicarbon Products by Modulating the Surface Microenvironment of Electrode with Polyethylene Glycol
Authors: Wang Yiyong , Cheng Yingying , Liu Shiqiang , Yin Yaoyu , Yang Jiahao , Wang Hengan , Li Ke , Zhou Meng , Jiao Jiapeng , Zhang Pei , Qian Qingli , Zhu Qinggong , Sun Xiaofu , Xu Yi , Luo Mingchuan , Kang Xinchen , Han Buxing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractModulating the surface microenvironment of electrodes stands as a pivotal aspect in enhancing the electrocatalytic performance for CO2 electroreduction. Herein, we propose an innovative approach by incorporating a small amount of linear oligomer, polyethylene glycol (PEG), into Cu2O catalysts during the preparation of the CuPEG electrode. The Faradaic efficiency (FE) toward multicarbon products (C2+) increases from 69.3 % over Cu electrode without PEG to 90.3 % over CuPEG electrode at 500 mA cm−2 in 1 M KOH in a flow cell. In situ investigations and theoretical calculations reveal that PEG molecules significantly modify the microenvironment on the Cu surface through hydrogen bond interactions. This modification leads to the relaxation of Nafion, increasing the availability of active sites and enhancing the adsorption of *CO and *OH, which in turn promotes C−C coupling. Concurrently, the reconstructed hydrogen bond network reduces the presence of active hydrogen species, thereby inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Dual Targeting of MEK1 and Akt Kinase Identified SBL‐027 as a Promising Lead Candidate to Control Cell Proliferations in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Alghamdi Maha Alamodi , Deshpande Hemali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDual inhibition of Akt and MEK1 pathways offers a promising strategy to enhance treatment efficacy in gastric cancer. In this study, we employed computational approaches followed by in vitro validations. Our results demonstrate that SBL‐027 exhibits robust and enduring interactions with Akt and MEK1 kinases, as evidenced by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area (MM‐PBSA) based binding free energy estimates. The predicted Gibbs binding free energies indicate highly favorable interactions between SBL‐027 and both Akt and MEK1 kinases. In vitro, SBL‐027 displayed an IC50 value of 195.20 nM against Akt and 239.10 nM against MEK1 enzymes. The compound exhibited potent inhibition of cell proliferation in KATOIII and SNU‐5 cells, with GI50 values of 490.70 and 615.14 nM, respectively. Moreover, SBL‐027 induced an increase in the sub G0/G1 population during the cell cycle of KATOIII and SNU‐5 cells, while facilitating early and late‐phase apoptosis in these cell lines. Notably, the compound significantly reduced the percentage of dual‐positive cells expressing both MEK1 and Akt in gastric cancer cells. The strong binding affinity, stability, and favorable thermodynamics of SBL‐027 along with the established in vitro efficacy highlight its potential as a lead compound for further preclinical and clinical development.
Effect of Physiologically Relevant Dehydration on the Dielectric Properties of Ground Beef
Authors: Besler Brendon C. , Baker Ryan , Shen Hua , Fear Elise C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTReadily available animal tissue, such as ground beef, is a convenient material to represent the dielectric properties of biological tissue when validating microwave imaging and sensing hardware and techniques. The reliable use of these materials depends on the accurate characterization of their properties. In this work, the effect of physiologically relevant levels of dehydration on ex vivo tissue samples is quantified while controlling for variation within and between samples. Seven commercial ground beef samples (90% lean muscle, 10% fat) are dehydrated from 0.0% to 7.0% in 1.0% increments by weight. Dielectric measurements are collected using a conventional dielectric probe technique from 0.2 to 6 GHz. A linear mixed‐effects model is used to control for within‐ and between‐sample variation while modeling the effect of dehydration and dispersion across frequency. Significant () changes are noted in both permittivity and conductivity due to sample dehydration. For a 1% change in weight due to dehydration, changes in permittivity (5.1%–5.6%) and conductivity (3.2%–5.7%) are reported. These changes are important for the use of large muscle‐based phantoms in microwave sensing and imaging validation, as well as the feasibility of microwave hydration assessment. The statistical model used here can be applied to similar research questions and can augment existing frameworks for reporting dielectric measurements.
Relationship of Autophagic Dysfunction With the Quality of Life and Sleep, Depression and Disease Severity in Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome
Authors: Çiçekli Esen , Okuyan Hamza Malik , Birimoğlu Okuyan Canan , Ayçiçek Şeyda Öznur , Kotan Dilcan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionRestless legs syndrome (RLS) is a frequently encountered neurological illness that has no effective treatment and imposes an enormous socioeconomic burden. Autophagy is essential for the maintenance of healthy cellular physiology, cell viability, and defense against pathogenic conditions. However, there is no study investigating the possible role of autophagy‐related proteins (ATGs) in RLS patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression and diagnostic potential of ATG3 and ATG5, as well as the relationships between these proteins and laboratory markers, depression, disease score, quality of life, and sleep in RLS patients.MethodsA total of 49 patients with RLS and 26 healthy individuals were recruited for the current study. The severity of the disease was assessed using the international RLS rating scale. All participants were administered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Quality‐of‐Life Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was employed to quantify the expressions of ATG3 and ATG5.ResultsSerum ATG3 and ATG5 expressions were significantly upregulated in RLS patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.005) and upregulated ATG3 and ATG5 expressions were relationship with the severity of the disease (p < 0.05). ATG3 was substantially correlated with the quality of sleep, whereas ATG5 was correlated with the quality of life and depression status (p < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that ATG3 expressions over 3146.5 ng/mL and ATG5 expressions over 4732.5 ng/mL may predict the presence of RLS (p < 0.01).ConclusionWe report for the first time that autophagy may have a significant impact on the development of RLS.
Advancing the Technology of Lithium, Magnesium, and Aluminum‐Ion Batteries via Chromium Ditelluride as a Novel Anode Material
Authors: Majid Abdul , Raza Hafsa , Tasawar Sawaira , Batool Hira , Alkhedher Mohammad , Khan Salahuddin , Alam Kamran 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe pursuit of novel anode materials that offer high storage capacity, hasty ionic transport, good cyclic stability, and material recyclability is at the core of the research activities. In this study, we uncovered the potential of 2D puckered chromium ditelluride (CrTe2) as a novel anode material for multivalent metal‐ion batteries employing Li ions, Mg ions, and Al ions. The structural and dynamical stability of the material was ensured via formation energy and phonon dispersion curves. The optimal anodic properties of the material were systematically analyzed, with a focus on its structural properties, electronic characteristics, adsorption sites, diffusion barriers, and storage capability. The exothermic interactions of Li, Mg, and Al with host CrTe2 demonstrated its suitability for the intercalation process in respective monovalent, divalent, and trivalent ion batteries. The storage capacity of the material appeared as 1745 mAh g–1 for LIBs, 872 mAh g‐1 for MIBs, and 785 mAh g–1 for AIBs. The open‐circuit voltage is found as 0.76 V for Li, 0.97 V for Mg, and 0.62 V for Al. The diffusion barriers faced by Li, Mg, and Al atoms are found to be low at 0.26 eV, 0.55 eV, and 0.42 eV, respectively, which points to the rapid charging capability of the battery. Furthermore, the electronic transport properties of the host material are also studied using a combined density functional theory (DFT) and Green's function method (DFT‐GF). The findings of this study indicate that CrTe2 has the potential for utilization as a promising anode material for the development of high‐performance Li, Mg, and Al‐ion batteries.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity in Some Algerian Essential Oils and Selection of Thymus vulgaris as a Potential Biofilm and Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Mohammed Aggad Fatima Zahra , Ilias Faiza , Elghali Fares , Mrabet Rania , El Haci Imad Abdelhamid , Aifa Sami , Mnif Sami 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBiofilm formation and virulence factor production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are identified as the main mechanisms of its antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity. In this context, the study of the chemical composition of three Algerian essential oils (EOs) and the screening of their antibacterial, antibiofilm, and virulence factor inhibitory activities enabled us to select the thyme EO as the best oil to control the P. aeruginosa strain isolated from hospital environments. This EO, composed essentially of thymol (55.82%) associated with carvacrol, had an anti‐adhesive activity of 69.8% at a concentration of 5 µL/mL and a biofilm eradication activity of 74.86% at a concentration of 2.5 µL/mL. In addition, this EO was able to inhibit P. aeruginosa twitching motility by 100% at a concentration of 2.5 µL/mL. Pyocyanin was inhibited by 99.33% at a thyme EO concentration of 1.25 µL/mL. Rhamnolipids were significantly inhibited by 63.33% in the presence of thyme EO at a concentration of 1.25 µL/mL after 24 h of incubation. Molecular docking showed that carvacrol and thymol can bind to the three quorum sensing receptors in P. aeruginosa, RhlR, LasR, and PqsR, with good affinities, which can inhibit or modulate biofilm formation and the production of certain virulence factors.
The Football Effect: Comparing European Identity Between Fans and Non‐Fans
Authors: Finger Tobias , Biel Jonas , Stockemer Daniel , Niemann Arne , Reinke Vincent , Jungblut Jens , Kossakowski Radosław , Llopis‐Goig Ramon , Mańkowski Dobrosław 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe formation of European identities is a pivotal issue for the cohesion of the European community in times of multiple crises. Based on theories of identity formation through habitualisation, we posit that football fandom—a ubiquitous, emotional, strongly Europeanised activity in everyday life—holds unique potential for fostering a sense of a shared European identity. Football fandom provides habitual contact, interaction and experiences of Europe, shaping fans' European identity formations. We use new representative survey data from four European countries (Germany, Norway, Poland, and Spain) to examine the relationship between football fandom and various dimensions of European identity. The results largely support our hypotheses, demonstrating that football fans exhibit stronger attachments to Europe and the EU, greater support for European integration and a more positive assessment of EU membership than non‐fans.
Metal‐Organic Framework with Polar Pore Surface Designed for Purification of Both Natural Gas and Ethylene
Authors: Zhou Xia , Feng Meng , Zhang Kangli , Li Jiantang , Wang Xirong , Wang Dongmei , Chen Banglin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe advancement of high‐value CH4 purification technology within the natural gas industry is paramount for industrial processes. Herein, we constructed ZJNU‐402, a new porous material characterized by permanent porosity, as an effective adsorbent for separating C3H8/CH4 and C2H6/CH4 mixtures. The findings reveal an outstanding C3H8 adsorption capacity of 68 cm3 g−1 and a moderate C2H6 adsorption rate of 42 cm3 g−1, with a notably lower CH4 adsorption rate of 11 cm3 g−1. Noteworthy is the exceptional selectivity of ZJNU‐402 for C3H8/CH4 and C2H6/CH4, standing at 375 and 31, respectively, surpassing many previously documented high‐performance adsorbents and breaking the traditional trade‐off between adsorption capacity and separation selectivity. Adsorption heat calculations show that compared with CH4 molecules, C3H8 and C2H6 molecules form stronger bonds with the skeleton, resulting in excellent separation performance. In addition, the breakthrough experiment of ZJNU‐402 can also completely separate the ternary component C3H8/C2H6/CH4 mixture to obtain 99.95 % high‐purity methane. At the same time, ZJNU‐402 also has excellent structural stability, excellent recyclability, and low isosteric adsorption heat. Consequently, ZJNU‐402 exhibits substantial potential for augmenting the efficacy of natural gas enrichment processes.
Short‐ and Long‐Term Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Irradiated Breast Cancer Patients With Long‐Standing Lymphedema: A Prospective Case Series
Authors: Chitapanarux Imjai , Chachvarat Siriarrayapa , Sripan Patumrat , Pattarasakulchai Thienchai , Pattamapaspong Nuttaya , Kanthawang Thanat , Buntragulpoontawee Montana 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSeveral studies have explored the advantage of treatment with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) for upper extremity lymphedema in irradiated breast cancer patients and reported controversial results. This prospective case series aimed to document the short‐ and long‐term efficacy of this therapy, focusing on the arm volume and functional assessment in breast cancer patients with a history of long‐standing lymphedema for more than 2 years.CaseSix breast cancer patients with long‐standing lymphedema were enrolled. All of them received breast surgery and dissection of axillary lymph nodes, chemotherapy, and postoperative radiotherapy. The average duration from the onset of lymphedema to HBO treatment was 9 ± 5.92 years (range 2–17). All patients were treated for 90 min in the HBO chamber with 100% oxygen at a higher pressure of two times the atmospheric pressure, five times a week for 30 sessions. We measured the circumference of both arms and calculated the arm volume before treatment (baseline), after 30 sessions of treatment, and after treatment at 3, 6, and 24 months. Functional assessment focused on the ability of the arm, shoulder, and hand using the Thai Quick‐DASH questionnaires, which were assessed by the patients at the same periods. The change of arm volume and Thai Quick‐DASH score at each time point were compared to the starting point data before HBO.ConclusionThe change of arm volume and mean Quick‐DASH score had decreased at 3, 6, and 24 months after treatment compared to the starting point before HBO, However, these changes were not statistically significant.
Addressing Sustainability Footprint Disclosure for High Pollutant Firms in China and the US: The Roles of Firms Governance Structure, Financing Decisions, and Eco‐Technology
Authors: Agyemang Andrew Osei , Yusheng Kong , Osei Abednego 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn a race toward a sustainable future, corporate actions speak louder than words but what drives firms to reveal their true environmental impact? This study uncovers how governance structures and financing decisions shape sustainability footprint disclosure (SFD) among high‐pollutant manufacturing firms in China and the US while exploring the pivotal role of eco‐technology in magnifying these effects. Drawing on agency and resource‐based theories, we dissect governance into structural, diversity, and process attributes, analyzing data from 149 Chinese firms and 158 US firms from 2000 to 2022. We found robust evidence that, regarding the structural attributes board size and CEO duality positively influence SFD, whilst board independence negatively impacts on SFD. Moreover, the diversity attributes such as age diversity and gender diversity recorded a positive link with SFD whilst foreign nationals recorded a negative link with SFD. In addition, process attributes such as board meetings recorded a positive link with SFD whilst board tenure recorded a negative link with SFD. Financing decisions such as debt financing and equity finance are positively linked to SFD. Notably, eco‐technology strengthens the relationship between governance, financing, and SFD. These findings highlight the vital role of corporate boards in shaping sustainability outcomes, offering key insights for policymakers to foster innovation and implement stringent environmental regulations that enhance governance and transparency.