bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of a Gender-Based Sorting Machine for Crustacean Selection in Bioconcentration Studies with the Freshwater Amphipod Hyalella azteca
Authors: Le Cocq Céline , Paiva Elsa , Bensetra Alaa , De Sonneville Jan , Van der Kolk Kees-Jan , Lejon David , Teisseire Marie-Laure , Léonard Marc , Sweetlove Cyril 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) are determined by fish flow-through tests performed according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development test guideline 305. These are time-consuming and expensive and use a large number of animals. An alternative test design using the freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca for bioconcentration studies has been recently developed and demonstrated a high potential. For bioconcentration studies using H. azteca, male amphipods are preferred compared with female organisms. Manual sexing of male adult amphipods is, however, time-consuming and requires care and skill. A new fully automatic sorting and dispensing machine for H. azteca based on image analysis has recently been developed by the company Life Science Methods. Nevertheless, an anesthesia step is necessary prior to the automatic selection. In the present study, we show that a single-pulse of 90 min of tricaine at the concentration of 1 g/L can be used and is recommended to select H. azteca males manually or automatically using the sorting machine. In the second part, we demonstrate that the machine has the ability to select, sort, and disperse the males of a culture batch of H. azteca as efficiently as manual procedures. In the last part of the study, BCFs of two organic substances were evaluated using the H. azteca bioconcentration test (HYBIT) protocol, with an anesthetizing step and robotic selection compared with manual selection without an anesthetizing step. The different BCF values obtained were in accordance with those indicated in the literature and showed that an anesthetizing step had no effect on the BCF values. Therefore, these data validated the interest in this sorting machine for selecting males to perform bioconcentrations studies with H. azteca. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1075–1084. © 2023 SETAC
An Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay Dietary Restriction Study: Lessons for Data Interpretation
Authors: Marini Joseph P. , Wolf Jeffrey C. , Mingo Valentin , Sayers Lee E. , Jamieson Stephanie Y. , Wheeler James R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The amphibian metamorphosis assay (AMA) is a key in vivo endocrine screen to investigate chemicals with potential thyroid activity. The test guidelines and associated guidance consider that treatment-related effects on thyroid gland histomorphology automatically result in the assay being considered positive for thyroid activity, independent of the direction of change or conflicting results in the other biological endpoints. An AMA study was conducted with five different feeding rations equivalent to 50%, 30%, 20%, 10%, and 5% of the recommended feeding rate. Biological endpoints relating to growth and development, including thyroid gland histopathology, were evaluated, and the specificity of these endpoints for the determination of thyroid activity was assessed. There was no effect on survival or clinical signs of toxicity. Effects related to feed reduction generally occurred in a feeding ration–response manner and included reduced development stage; reduced body weight and body length metrics; decreased prevalence of thyroid follicular cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and the occurrence of thyroid atrophy; reduced liver vacuolation; and the occurrence of liver atrophy. The results indicate that treatment-related histopathological changes in the AMA can be induced by Non-chemical factors; therefore histopathological results are not necessarily diagnostically specific for chemically induced thyroid endocrine activity. Consequently, the interpretation of data from AMA studies should be adjusted accordingly. We recommend that the decision logic presented in the test guidelines and associated guidance be changed to reflect a requirement for directional agreement between the thyroid histopathology findings and the growth and developmental endpoints before it is concluded that a test substance has thyroid endocrine activity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1061–1074. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Tadpoles were fed 50, 30, 20, 10 and 5% of the recommended feeding rations. Reduced development stage; body weight and length metrics; decreased prevalence of thyroid follicular cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and the occurrence of thyroid atrophy were noted in response. Data derived from this study indicate that treatment-related histopathological changes in the AMA can be induced by non-chemical factors; therefore, histopathologic results are not necessarily diagnostically specific for chemically-induced thyroid endocrine activity.
HQ controls, agency costs, and procedural justice
Authors: Chatzopoulou Erifili‐Christina , Lioukas Spyros , Voudouris Irini 
Published: February 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryMonitoring, incentive alignment, and social controls are used to minimize the agency costs to headquarters (HQ) resulting from subsidiaries' opportunistic behaviors by aligning subsidiaries' behaviors and interests with those of the HQ. Subsidiaries' motivation to comply with these controls, however, is contingent on the social context that links the subsidiary to the HQ. In this context, we propose to identify procedural justice as a motivational contingency that shapes the conditions under which agency‐driven controls can effectively minimize agency costs. Our results show that monitoring and social control reduce agency costs when procedural justice is high, whereas the use of incentive alignment mechanisms can have the opposite effect.Managerial SummaryThe headquarters (HQ) of multinational corporations use control mechanisms to ensure the alignment of their subsidiaries with the organization's interests and goals. However, these mechanisms do not always provide value to the corporation since subsidiaries may exhibit varying levels of motivation to comply with such controls, resulting in behaviors that range from resistance to compliance and ceremonial compliance to genuine compliance. We argue that the procedural justice applied by the HQ influences subsidiaries' motivation to comply with the controls implemented by the HQ. We find that in subsidiaries that operate in such a climate of fairness, monitoring based on rules, processes and procedures as well as social control can provide value, whereas the use of incentive alignment can lead to the opposite results.
Professors proceeding at their own risk: The limited protections of academic freedom for public intellectuals
Authors: Thelin John R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores whether academic freedom extends to the work of academic public intellectuals through a historical analysis of landmark cases and episodes. It leads to the sobering conclusion that “professors proceed at their own risk if and when they take on the role of a public intellectual,” noting that the presence of academic freedom as a binding policy in academic organizations or professional associations is marginal and faculty protections for statements in the media are arbitrary and uncertain.
An analysis of key stakeholder policy perspectives in the proposed e‐cigarette regulations in New Zealand
Authors: Hardie Lucy , McCool Judith , Freeman Becky 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIssue addressedThe use of e‐cigarettes is increasing; New Zealand (NZ) has witnessed a rapid rise in consumption. Policymakers face a challenge to balance the impacts of regulation on those who use e‐cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool while protecting people who do not smoke from the harms of e‐cigarette use, particularly young people. Previous research has demonstrated varying perspectives on e‐cigarette regulation according to different stakeholders and interest groups. This study examined key stakeholders' positions on the drafted legislation to regulate e‐cigarettes in NZ.MethodsUsing written submissions made during public consultation in 2020, we conducted a content analysis to determine levels of support for e‐cigarette regulations. Submissions made by the e‐cigarette industry and the health sector were included for analysis.ResultsThe tobacco industry is heavily invested in ensuring that e‐cigarettes continue to be promoted and available in NZ with minimal restrictions. On the contrary, health organisations supported the introduction of regulations to reduce marketing to, and use of e‐cigarettes by youth and people who do not smoke.ConclusionsThe industry opposes restrictions using similar approaches employed against tobacco control measures. Despite perceptions of division, the health sector is generally unified in support of e‐cigarette restrictions.So what?Policymakers must protect public health policies from commercial interests and be cautious of opposition framed as public health concerns.
Serum perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer according to hormone receptor status: An analysis in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial
Authors: Chang Vicky C. , Rhee Jongeun , Berndt Sonja I. , Moore Steven C. , Freedman Neal D. , Jones Rena R. , Silverman Debra T. , Gierach Gretchen L. , Hofmann Jonathan N. , Purdue Mark P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly persistent endocrine‐disrupting chemicals that may contribute to breast cancer development; however, epidemiologic evidence is limited. We investigated associations between prediagnostic serum levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and postmenopausal breast cancer risk, overall and by hormone receptor status, in a nested case‐control study of 621 cases and 621 matched controls in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. PFOS and PFOA levels were determined based on serum metabolomic profiling performed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. We used multivariable conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between each PFAS and breast cancer risk, overall, by estrogen receptor (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) status, and by joint ER/PR status. We found little evidence of association between PFOS or PFOA and breast cancer risk overall. However, in subtype‐specific analyses, we observed statistically significant increased risks of ER+, PR+, and ER+/PR+ tumors for the third vs lowest quartile of serum PFOS (ORs [95% CIs] = 1.59 [1.01‐2.50], 2.34 [1.29‐4.23], and 2.19 [1.21‐3.98], respectively) and elevated but nonstatistically significant ORs for the fourth quartile. Conversely, for PFOA, modest positive associations with ER−, PR−, ER+/PR−, and ER−/PR− tumors were generally seen in the upper quartiles. Our findings contribute evidence supporting positive associations between serum PFOS and hormone receptor‐positive tumors, and possibly between PFOA and receptor‐negative tumors. Future prospective studies incorporating tumor hormone receptor status are needed to better understand the role of PFAS in breast cancer etiology.
Hydrogen sulfide alleviates beryllium sulfate‐induced ferroptosis and ferritinophagy in 16HBE cells
Authors: Liu Xiuli , Li Guilan , Chen Shaoxiong , Jin Huiyun , Liu Xiaodong , Zhang Linfang , Zhang Zhaohui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBeryllium sulfate (BeSO4) can result to lung injuries, such as leading to lipid peroxidation and autophagy, and the treatment of beryllium disease has not been well improved. Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death process driven by iron‐dependent and lipid peroxidation, while ferritinophagy is a process mediated by nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), combined with ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) degradation and release Fe2+, which regulated intracellular iron metabolism and ferroptosis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has the effects of antioxidant, antiautophagy, and antiferroptosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of H2S on BeSO4‐induced ferroptosis and ferritinophagy in 16HBE cells and the underlying mechanism. In this study, BeSO4‐induced 16HBE cell injury model was established based on cellular level and pretreated with deferoxamine (DFO, a ferroptosis inhibitor), sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, a H2S donor), or NCOA4 siRNA and, subsequently, performed to detect the levels of lipid peroxidation and Fe2+ and the biomarkers of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy. More importantly, our research found that DFO, NaHS, or NCOA4 siRNA alleviated BeSO4‐induced ferroptosis and ferritinophagy by decreasing the accumulation of Fe2+ and lipid peroxides. Furthermore, the relationship between ferroptosis, ferritinophagy, H2S, and beryllium disease is not well defined; therefore, our research is innovative. Overall, our results provided a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of beryllium disease and suggested that the application of H2S, blocking ferroptosis, and ferritinophagy may be a potential therapeutic direction for the prevention and treatment of beryllium disease.
The effect of nutritional interventions reducing oxidative stress on behavioural and gastrointestinal problems in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Colak Hatice , Sariyer Esra Tansu , Nogay Nalan Hakime 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsAlthough the exact cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is a neurodevelopmental disorder, is not known, it is thought that environmental factors are also effective in addition to genetic risk factors. Studies are showing an increase in oxidative stress markers and a decrease in some antioxidant enzymes in individuals with autism. This study aims to try to explain the effect of nutritional interventions that reduce oxidative stress on behavioural and gastrointestinal problems in ASD based on a literature review.MethodsAll relevant studies from 2000 to 2021 were identified through a systematic search in the PubMed and Web of Science databases by using key search terms. A systematic search of the electronic databases resulted in a total of 3235 potential articles, and data were extracted from 24 studies.ResultsThere were 9 clinical trials and 15 animal studies. Most studies find statistically significant results for nutritional supplementation compared with placebo ASD symptoms.ConclusionMost studies on the interventions of nutritional supplements that reduce oxidative stress in individuals with ASD have found improving effects on ASD symptoms, and no serious side effects have been observed. However, more interventional studies are needed to determine the precise effects of oxidative stress‐reducing nutritional supplementation.
Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis on the underlying mechanisms of baicalein against oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tang Bohan , Dong Yue 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsThis study performed a network pharmacology analysis to explore the potential anticancer activity of baicalein against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsThe differentially expressed genes in OSCC were identified by the OSCC, and the key module related to OSCC was acquired by the weighted gene co‐expression network analysis from GSE30784. Baicalein targets were obtained from GeneCards, SwissTargetPrediction and TCMSP (the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform) databases. Apart from GSE30784, OSCC‐related genes were acquired from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and DisGeNET platform. The baicalein targets and OSCC‐related genes were overlapped to acquire the drug–disease interaction genes. We input the candidate drug–disease interaction genes into the STRING database and created the protein–protein interaction network. The hub genes in the network were identified by cytoHubba. The expression levels of hub genes between cancer tissues and normal tissues were evaluated based on The Cancer Genome Atlas. Moreover, we performed the cancer immune infiltration analysis and evaluated the association between the expression of HIF1A and the abundance of infiltrating immune cells. The molecular docking between HIFA and baicalein was also performed and visualized. Additionally, the enrichment analysis was performed based on Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database.ResultsAfter overlapping the candidate baicalein targets with OSCC‐related genes, 34 candidate drug–disease interaction genes were obtained. cytoHubba identified the top 10 genes with high centrality measures from the network, including AKT1, CD44, EGFR, HIF1A, IGF1, MMP2, MYC, PTGS2, STAT3 and TP53. The enriched biological process terms included regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway, regulation of cysteine‐type endopeptidase activity and cellular response to chemical stress. The top five enriched pathways comprised Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus infection, hepatitis C, p53 signaling pathway, Epstein–Barr virus infection and proteoglycans in cancer. The expression of HIF1A was positively associated with the infiltration levels of CD4 + T cells (cor = 0.131, p = 0.004) and dendritic cells (cor = 0.098, p = 0.03), whereas negatively associated with B cells (cor = −0.098, p = 0.03).ConclusionOur results suggested that baicalein might be a candidate drug against OSCC. More studies are necessary to validate its anticancer effect and explore the underlying mechanisms.
Studying the mechanism underlying lipid metabolism in osteosarcoma based on transcriptomic RNA sequencing and single‐cell data
Authors: Li Zhe , Jin Chi , Lu Xinchang , Zhang Yan , Zhang Yi , Wen Jia , Liu Yongkui , Liu Xiaoting , Li Jiazhen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to provide a new typing method for osteosarcoma (OS) based on single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and bulk RNA‐seq data from the perspective of lipid metabolism and examine its potential mechanisms in the onset and progression of OS.MethodsScores for six lipid metabolic pathways were calculated by single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) based on a scRNA‐seq dataset and three microarray expression profiles. Subsequently, cluster typing was conducted using unsupervised consistency clustering. Furthermore, single‐cell clustering and dimensionality‐reduction analyses identified cell subtypes. Finally, an analysis of cellular receptors was performed using CellphoneDB to identify cellular communication.ResultsOS was classified into three subtypes based on lipid metabolic pathways. Among them, patients in clust3 showed poor prognoses, whereas those in clust1 and clust2 exhibited good prognoses. In addition, ssGSEA analysis showed that patients in clust3 had lower immune cell scores. Moreover, the Th17 cell differentiation pathway was significantly differentially enriched between clust2 and clust3, with lower enrichment scores for metabolic pathways in the former relative to clust1 and clust2. In total, 24 genes were upregulated between clust1 and clust2, whereas 20 were downregulated in clust3. These observations were validated by single‐cell data analysis. Finally, through scRNA‐seq data analysis, we identified nine ligand–receptor pairs particularly critical for communication between normal and malignant cells.ConclusionsThree clusters were identified and the single‐cell analysis revealed that malignant cells dominated lipid metabolism patterns in tumors, thereby influencing the tumor microenvironment.
The extremal average distance of cubic graphs
Authors: Chen Yi‐Ze , Li Xin , Zhang Xiao‐Dong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe average distance of a simple connected graph is the average of the distances between all pairs of vertices in . We prove that for a connected cubic graph on vertices, , if ; and , if . Furthermore, all extremal graphs attaining the upper bounds are characterized, and they have the maximum possible diameter. The result solves a question of Plesník and proves a conjecture of Knor, Škrekovski, and Tepeh on the average distance of cubic graphs. The proofs use graph transformations and structural graph analysis.
DP color functions versus chromatic polynomials (II)
Authors: Zhang Meiqiao , Dong Fengming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFor any connected graph , let and denote the chromatic polynomial and Dvořák and Postle (DP) color function of , respectively. It is known that holds for every positive integer . Let (resp., ) be the set of graphs for which there exists an integer such that (resp., ) holds for all integers . Determining the sets and is an important open problem on the DP color function. For any edge set of , let be the size of a shortest cycle in such that is odd if such a cycle exists, and otherwise. We denote as if . In this paper, we prove that if has a spanning tree such that is odd for each , the edges in can be labeled as with for all and each edge is contained in a cycle of size with , then is a graph in . As a direct application, all plane near‐triangulations and complete multipartite graphs with at least three partite sets belong to . We also show that if is a set of edges in such that is even and satisfies certain conditions, then belongs to . In particular, if , where is a set of edges between two disjoint vertex subsets of , then belongs to . Both results extend known ones by Dong and Yang.
Oriented discrepancy of Hamilton cycles
Authors: Gishboliner Lior , Krivelevich Michael , Michaeli Peleg 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe propose the following extension of Dirac's theorem: if is a graph with vertices and minimum degree , then in every orientation of there is a Hamilton cycle with at least edges oriented in the same direction. We prove an approximate version of this conjecture, showing that minimum degree guarantees a Hamilton cycle with at least edges oriented in the same direction. We also study the analogous problem for random graphs, showing that if the edge probability is above the Hamiltonicity threshold, then, with high probability, in every orientation of there is a Hamilton cycle with edges oriented in the same direction.