bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of Nolla's Method for Age Estimation for Children in Kurdish Iraqi Population - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Noaman Bushra R. , Abdullah Adil O. 
Published: March 2023

Context:
Radiographs have an essential role in Chronological Age (CA) estimation and are being used for dental age (DA) determination.

Aims:
Detecting the validity of Nolla's method (NM) for the age assessment of Kurdish Iraqi children (KIC).

Methods and Material:
A retrospective study was performed using orthopantomographs (OPGs) of 354 subjects aged from 4 to 13 years (178 boys and 176 girls) and their recording files. Subjects were divided into nine study groups: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 years old. The chronological age (CA) was subtracted from the DA to find the validity of NM; the positive results indicated the overestimation of age, whereas the negative results indicated for underestimation. The data were recorded through a digitalised system using Microsoft Excel worksheet and analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 25) programme using the dependent T-test and graphical analysis. The level of P value used in this study was set at < 0.05. Results: The DA is underestimated in ages 9 to 13 in boys and girls. The highest difference in DA–CA was at the age of 9 years (−0.146 ± 0.162).

Conclusions:
NM for age estimation was slightly overestimated in age groups of 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 years in boys and girls without statistically significant differences. However, this method underestimated the ages of KIC ranging from 9 to 13 years significantly.
Modified Frenectomy Technique to Eliminate the Aberrant Labial Frenum – A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Saokar Asmita , Kumar Santhosh , Bhat G. Subraya , Alagl Adel Sulaiman M. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
A modified frenal treatment for aberrant frenum is presented in this report to reduce scar tissue formation and maintain the attached gingiva.

Description:
The case report describes two cases in which a V-shaped incision removed the aberrant frenum and then the flaps of the frenum were sutured at the mid line.

Results:
The results showed reduced scar tissue in the mid line and the tissue healed with adequate attached gingiva.

Take-Away Lessons:
The modified frenotomy technique presented here is ideal for a large frenum that could expose the underlying connective tissue that could reduce the scar tissue formation.
Risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda categories III, III - subcategories and IV: 2.5 years study
Authors: Ilyas Abeer M , More Nilam M , Naik Leena P 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has gained significance as a quick, safe, and relatively simple method to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid nodules and is regarded as the gold-standard first-line diagnostic test in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) established a standardized, category-based reporting system for thyroid FNAC with each category having an implied cancer risk. However, the optimal management of thyroid nodules in the Bethesda III and IV categories is controversial, given the variable malignancy rates.

Aims/Objectives:
(1) Analysis of the cytomorphological characteristics of patients with categories III and IV of “TBSRTC.” (2) Assessment of risk of malignancy of TBSRTC category III, IV, and substratification of TBSRTC category III.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective and prospective study of cases categorized under TBSRTC as category III and IV at a tertiary-care center. Cytological along with their histological results were compared.

Results:
We identified an overall malignancy rate of 33% for nodules belonging to Bethesda category III and a malignancy rate between 19% and 33% for Bethesda category IV. Also, a significantly higher risk of malignancy in subcategories with nuclear and architectural atypia (66.6%) than only architectural atypia (28.7%).

Conclusion:
Although surgery is recommended in most of these cases, cytomorphology helps to predict the final histopathological findings with greater accuracy. Substratification of category III into subgroups may help reduce the heterogeneity of the atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance category and more.
Challenges and impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on men that have sex with men in accessing healthcare services in Nigeria
Authors: Amoo Olubunmi Elizabeth , Abiodun Olaiya Paul , Sanni Felix Olaniyi , Samuels Jay Osi , Okonkwo Prosper I 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
Men with sex with men (MSM) may face obstacles in accessing culturally competent and quality healthcare services since current medical practice does not often promote discussing sexual habits. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has further affected this group. This study assessed the impacts of COVID-19 and the general challenges of MSM in Benue State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a quantitative cross-sectional survey conducted across three geopolitical zones of Benue State using a multistage cluster sampling method to collect data from MSM. The data collected were analyzed using IBM-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS) version 25.0 for Windows IBM Corp., Armonk, New York.

Result:
More than half (59.2%) of respondents said they were not denied healthcare services, and 78.4% were not afraid to seek them. Most (88%) were comfortable seeking medical help, and 61.6% did not experience stigmatization from healthcare providers. Many (68.0%) were not exposed to violence after sharing their status with healthcare providers. About half (50.4%) said COVID-19 did not affect their general quality of life. Over half (51.2%) said there was a decline in access to resources like food and money during the pandemic, 49.6% experienced difficulties accessing HIV testing, and 52.0% could not access PrEP. More than half (53.6%) reported challenges getting viral load or other laboratory tests, but 57.5% had no trouble getting HIV medication prescriptions.

Conclusion:
The Federal Government, and the Ministry of Health, Nigeria, should support intervention programs, peer educators, and outreach workers providing services to MSM.
ТОВАРОВЕДЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА КОНДИТЕРСКИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ
Authors: Павлова Э.С. , Суняйкина А.В. , Лютова Е.В. 
Published: March 2023

Проведена товароведческая оценка образцов мучных и сахаристых кондитерских
изделий, включающая анализ маркировки продуктов, а также состава и энергетической
ценности. Выполнено определение физико-химических и органолептических показателей
качества методами, которые установлены государственными стандартами, и методами,
которые освоены в результате проведения лабораторных работ по курсу «Товароведение
продуктов биотехнологии из сырья растительного происхождения». В ходе работы
проанализированы показатели мучных и сахаристых кондитерских изделий, сопоставлены
фактические данные с требованиями нормативно-технической документации. В результате
анализа обнаружено несоответствие ГОСТ по физико-химическим показателям для двух
образцов мармелада. Для семи образцов кондитерских изделий при анализе упаковки и
маркировки обнаружено несоответствие ТР ТС в области маркировки.
UJI KUAT TEKAN BETON PADA MATERIAL ALAM PASIR PANTAI MUARA LAPAO-PAO
Authors: Masgode Muhammad Buttomi , Hidayat Arman , Rusli Rusli 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian tentang pemanfaatan pasir laut sebagai agregat halus dalam pembuatan beton ini dilatar belakangi oleh pasir pantai muara lapao pao Pasir laut menjadi pilihan yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Muara Lapao-pao khususnya di dusun 6 sebagai bahan pengganti agregat halus beton berpotensi alternatif sebagai pengganti pasir yang melimpah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan material di daerah muara lapao pao dan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kuat tekan beton yang dihasilkan ketika menggunakan pasir pantai muara lapo pao. Kuat tekan beton direncanakan f’c 18 MPa. Sampel beton berbentuk silinder berjumlah 18 buah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan beton yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan pasir pantai muara lapao pao tanpa perlakuan lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasir pantai muara lapao pao dengan perlakuan di cuci. Kuat tekan beton yang menggunakan pasir pantai Muara Lapao-pao tanpa perlakuan dengan umur perawatan 7, 14 dan 28 hari dengan mutu rencana 18 Mpa yaitu 13,04 Mpa, 16,56 Mpa, dan 21,23 Mpa. Dibandingkan pasir antai Muara Lapao-pao dengan perlakuan di cuci dengan umur perawatan 7, 14, dan 28 hari dengan mutu rencana 18 Mpa yaitu 15,29 Mpa, 16,65 Mpa, dan 16,84 Mpa. Dengan Persentase kenaikan kuat tekan beton sebesar 24,38% dari kuat tekan rencana untuk kondisi pasir pantai tanpa dicuci.
Analisis Kerawanan dan Penanggulangan Longsor di Benteng Ka'do Kec.Kapala Pitu dengan Menggunakan Geotekstil
Authors: Matana Hernita , Padang Israel 
Published: March 2023

Bencana alam tanah longsor sering melanda beberapa wilayah di tanah air. Kabupaten Toraja Utara Kecamatan Kapala Pitu Lembang Benteng Ka’do adalah salah satu Lembang yang sering terjadi bencana alam berupa tanah longsor karena sebagian wilayahnya berupa lereng dan pegunungan. Sembilan tahun terakhir mulai tahun 2012 sampai tahubn 2021 sering terjadi longsor ketika musim hujan tiba, khususnya pada bulan desember dengan curah hujan yang cukup tinggi. Kejadian tersebut menyebabkan kerugian materi dan rusaknya fasilitas umum yaitu jalan raya. Lembang Benteng Ka’do mempunyai karakteristik lahan dengan bentuk bertahap-tahap, berbukit hingga bergunung-gunung dengan ketinggian tempat bervariasi dari lereng yang landai.
Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai CBR 42.65% yang menjelaskan bahwa kepadatan tanah dalam kondisi baik. Penggunaan perkuatan lembar geotekxtil pada percobaan pergeseran tanah menyebabkan peningkatan kekuatan dan kepadatan pada subgrade tanah. Hasil pengujian diperoleh hasil untuk tanah pada sampel tanah yang diperkuat lembar geotextil pada kemiringan 30o, dalam waktu 2 jam atau 7200 detik penyiraman mengalami pergerseran sebesar 0 mm atau 0%, pada kemiringan 35o selama 2 jam atau 7200 detik penyiraman mengalami pergeseran sebesar 0 mm atau 0%, dan pada kemiringan 40o selama 2 jam atau 7200 detik penyiraman mengalami pergeseran sebesar 8 mm atau 0,67%. Kondisi sampel tanah pada permukaan hanya terguras oleh air namun air tidak menembus lapisan perkuatan geotextile yang menyebabkan lapisan tanah di bawahnya tetap kering dan tidak mengalami perpindahan secara signifikan.
A Snapshot Into ADHD: The Impact of Hyperfixations and Hyperfocus From Adolescence to Adulthood
Authors: Huang Claire 
Published: March 2023

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized as a lack of attentional regulation rather than the inability to maintain attention (Groen et al., 2021). With the growing research on ADHD development, concepts such as a hyperfixation or hyperfocus have been used with mismatched definitions. Therefore, the first goal of this research was to help define what it means to hyperfixate and hyperfocus. Because people with ADHD under 25 years old are still developing executive functions, experiencing fluctuating symptoms, and facing fewer expectations of independence, which allows for more exploration of self-identity, the development of hyperfixations and hyperfocus can be more common among adolescents. Thus, the second goal of this research was to evaluate the hypothesis of hyperfixation and hyperfocus development in various age ranges. Data will be collected via an online questionnaire and one-on-one interviews, open to people of all ages. The participants will be asked to answer questions on their ability to focus as well as their experience with hobbies and interests. Each respondent will be evaluated separately based on age, gender, and whether they have an ADHD diagnosis. The data will then be analyzed to determine whether there is a relationship between hyperfixation/hyperfocus occurrence and age or other demographics. As one of the earliest studies on the topic of hyperfixations in the context of ADHD, this research will help advance the understanding of attentional processes in ADHD, which may shed light on future directions in this field.
Using Differentiated Instruction to Promote Creativity, Critical Thinking and Learning: Perspective of Teachers
Authors: Bobi Comfort Bobi , Ahiavi Martin Ahiavi 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate Basic School teachers’ perspectives on the use of differentiated instructional approaches to promote creativity, critical thinking skills, cooperative teaching, and learning in the Ho-West District of Ghana.
Methodology: A descriptive research design was employed, and a simple random sampling technique was used to select 289 teachers for the study. The data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to compute descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and percentages.
Findings: The findings of the study indicated that the teachers in the Ho-West district had a good understanding of differentiated instructional strategies and their impact on student performance. Additionally, the teachers were aware of how differentiated instruction can affect pupils’ knowledge and skill acquisition and recognized the importance of learning styles, motivation, and encouragement in improving learning outcomes.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study makes a unique contribution to the field of education by providing insights into Basic School teachers’ perspectives on the use of differentiated instructional approaches in promoting creativity, critical thinking skills, cooperative teaching, and learning in the Ho-West District of Ghana. The study's findings highlight the need for in-service programs, workshops, seminars, and short courses on differentiated instructional strategies to enhance teachers' practical training and further develop their existing knowledge of differentiated instruction. These findings have significant implications for theory, policy, and practice in education, particularly in the Ho-West District of Ghana. The study recommends that the Ho-West District directorate of the Ghana Education Service and stakeholders in education should organize such programs to enhance teachers' ability to apply differentiated instructional strategies and enhance creativity, critical thinking skills, and cooperative teaching and learning among pupils in the district.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG PROGRAM PEMBUATAN E-KTP PADA KECAMATAN ALANG-ALANG LEBAR KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Sari Prima Maya , Sari Puspita , Sudarini Sri , Eryani Eryani 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan perda nomor 11 tahun 2008 yang telah diterapkan pada Kantor Kecamatan Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil analisa adalah secara umum, implementasi Perda Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 program pembuatan e-KTP di Kecamatan Alang-alang Palembang belum berjalan dengan maksimal. Hal ini ditandai dengan tidak tercapainya target yang ditentukan yaitu sebanyak 26.000 wajib KTP. Di samping itu, program ini juga menghadapi berbagai masalah di antaranya masalah minimnya koordinasi dengan SKPD lain, tidak tersedianya Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) atau petunjuk pelaksanaan dan petunjuk teknis (juklak dan juknis), kurangnya petugas e-KTP di kecamatan dan di kelurahan, minimnya peralatan, kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat, panjangnya struktur birokrasi pelaksana e-KTP dan tidak jelasnya pembagian wewenang antar SKPD dalam mengimplementasikan e-KTP. Sementara itu, nilai positif yang ditemui adalah tingginya kemauan (disposisi) aparat birokrasi pelaksana (implementor) e-KTP, terutama implementor di tingkat kecamatan. Hal ini patut diapresiasi karena di tengah keterbatasan personel dan peralatan, petugas kecamatan mampu menjalankan tugas mengentri dan memverifikasi data, mengambil foto, sidik jari dan tanda tangan 7.401 wajib KTP dengan baik
KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN BAGI PASIEN PENGGUNA KARTU BPJS (Studi Penelitian pada Puskesmas Sukabumi Kecamatan Buay Bahuga Way Kanan Lampung)
Authors: Hambali Hambali , Abidin Zainal , Hamsyah Hasril , Kholifaturrachman Kholifaturrachman , Yulita Desi 
Published: March 2023

Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti memfokuskan pada pengamatan jalannya kualitas pelayanan kesehatan bagi pasien pengguna kartu BPJS di Puskesmas Sukabumi Kecamatan Buay Bahuga Way Kanan Lampung. Penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive. Sumber data penelitian ini ada 2 macam yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan kesehatan bagi pasien pengguna Kartu BPJS di Puskesmas Sukabumi berdasarkan, reabilitas, daya tanggap, jaminan, empati belum berjalan dengan baik. Tidak berjalannya dengan baik aspek – aspek kualitas pelayanan terlihat dari Tangibels/ tampilan fisik, ketersediaan fasilitas fisik dan peralatan belum memberikan kenyamanan bagi pasien yang dilayani; Reliability, tentang kesesuaian pelayanan yang diberikan dengan yang diinformasikan dijadwalkan belum konsisten, standar pelayanan administrasi pencatatan masih berbelit-belit; Responsivness/Daya tanggap, pelayanan kesehatan bagi pasien pengguna Kartu BPJS belum dapat dilakukan secara cepat sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan harapan pasien. Kesabaran dan keramah-tamahan perawat belum baik; Empaty/Empati dokter dan perawat kurang memahami dan memperhatikan perasaan pasien yang dilayani. Perawat dan dokter dalam melayani pasien belum mencerminkan sikap yang tulus, serta kurang konsisten terhadap kesesuian dan ketepatan waktu melayani pasien pengguna Kartu BPJS.
Etiological and Clinical Spectrum of Acute Liver Failure of Infancy in Pakistan
Authors: Sarwar Hussan Ali , Cheema Huma Arshad , Anwar Aftab , Batool Sara , Saeed Anjum , Anjum Nadeem 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To describe the aetiology and clinical spectrum of acute liver failure of infancy at a tertiary care hospital
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from Nov 2020 to May 2021.
Methodology: Infants under 12 months of age were enrolled having liver-based coagulopathy (not corrected after two doses of parenteral vitamin K, 10 mg) with INR > 2, whether encephalopathy was present or not. Encephalo-pathy is difficult to identify in infants, so it was not essential for the diagnosis of ALFI in our study. Infants diagnosed with chronic liver disease at presentation or those without final etiological diagnosis were excluded.
Results: A total of 31 infants were enrolled fulfilling the criteria of acute liver failure of infancy and were studied about aetiology and clinical presentation. The mean age of presentation was 4.64±3.16 months, and males predominated in the study group (64.5%). Common clinical features were in descending order ascites in 29 (93.5%), jaundice in 28 (90.3%), pallor in 24 (77.4%) and peripheral oedema in 21 (67.7%). Metabolic liver diseases were the common cause of ALFI, constituting around(18, 58%) followed by sepsis (9, 29%).Galactosemia (11, 35.5%) stands out among the metabolic causes.
Conclusion: Metabolic disorders followed by sepsis are the most common cause of ALFI.
Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Pain among the Medical Students of Rawalpindi
Authors: Hisam Aliya , Mashhadi Syed Fawad , Raja Amna Kaneez Fatima , Hamza Muhammad Ameer , Sabir Rida , Naveed Tahoora , Umer Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To find the frequency and risk factors associated with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among the medical students of Rawalpindi.
Study Design: Analytical cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Army Medical College students, Rawalpindi Pakistan, were enrolled from Mar 2022 to Jul 2022.
Methodology: An online, self-administered, altered version of the standardized Nordic Questionnaire was distributed among the students of Army Medical College, Foundation Medical University and Rawalpindi Medical University. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS-25. Frequencies and means were calculated. Chi-square test and student’s t test were done to find any significant associations with p-value <0.05 taken as statistically significant.
Results: The study population consisted of 371 medical students of which 127(34.2%) were males and 244(65.8%) were females. Musculoskeletal pain prevalence reported in the last week was significantly higher in students of clinical years (p=0.008), those with history of trauma (p=0.005), family history of musculoskeletal pain (p<0.001) and those with a higher screen time (p=0.007). Similarly, musculoskeletal pain prevalence reported in the last year was significantly higher in students of clinical years (p=0.003), those with a history of trauma (p=0.004), family history of musculoskeletal pain (p=0.011) and those with higher screen time (p=0.017). Coffee consumption, hours of study and body mass index had no significant association with musculoskeletal pain prevalence.
Conclusion: Musculoskeletal pain prevalence proved to be significantly high among the medical students of Rawalpindi.Awareness needs to be spread about this highly prevalent problem with medical colleges taking steps to reduce the contributing factors.
Role of Paracetamol and oral Ibuprofen as Antipyretics in Children with Fever
Authors: Shahzad Sohail , Khan Umar Nawaz , Ahmed Nayyar , Arshed Awais , Shahzad Mohammad Ahsan , Shaikh Affrah Qaiser 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To compare the clinical effectiveness of Paracetamol with Ibuprofen as an antipyretic, fever relief and linked discomfort in children.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad Pakistan from Apr to Nov 2019.
Methodology: Children aged six months to five years, who reported fever between 38-41°C were included. Two temperature groups were developed, i.e., 37.8–38.9ºC and 39–41ºC with baseline temperatures of 38.60±0.56 for Paracetamol-Group and 38.58± 0.56ºC for Ibuprofen-Group. The prescriptions were given over to the parents with clarification about the dose of the medication. The medication had active and placebo forms. Information was gathered until saturation was done.
Results: A total of 104 children were taken in the study. Of these, 77(74.08%) were females, and 27(24.96) were males. Comparing Ibuprofen-treated children with Paracetamol-Group, the final result showed that the extent of children's temperature management was greater in the Ibuprofen-Group 37(71%) than in the Paracetamol-Group 34(65%).
Conclusion: Doctors, attendants and guardians wishing to use medications to treat children suffering from fever should be encouraged to use Ibuprofen first and to consider the relative risks and advantages of using Ibuprofen in addition to Paracetamol for fever. Comparatively, Ibuprofen is more effective than Paracetamol.