bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between sedentary activity, physical activity and bone mineral density and fat in America: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011–2018
Authors: Lin Zhao , Shi Guang , Liao Xun , Huang Jingrou , Yu Mingyu , Liu Wei , Luo Xue , Zhan Hongrui , Cai Xiyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe compared the relationship between sedentary activity (SA) and physical activity (PA) with bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat percentage in the United States and found a negative association between SA and BMD and a positive association with body fat percentage. A positive association between PA and BMD and a negative association with body fat percentage. SA and PA are associated with changes in skeletal parameters and body fat percentage, and we aimed to investigate and compare the relationship between SA, PA and bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat percentage in men and women. We assessed the relationship between SA, PA and BMD and body fat percentage in 9787 Americans aged 20–59 years (mean age 38.28 ± 11.39 years) from NHANES 2011–2018. BMD and body fat percentage were measured by dual-energy X-ray bone densitometry (DXA). We used multiple linear regression models to examine the relationships between SA, PA and lumbar spine BMD and total body fat percentage, adjusted for a large number of confounding factors. After adjusting for race/ethnicity, age, alcohol and smoking behavior, body mass index (BMI), total protein, blood calcium, blood uric acid, cholesterol, blood phosphorus, vitamin D, and blood urea nitrogen, SA was negatively associated with lumbar spine BMD (β = − 0.0011 95% CI − 0.0020 to − 0.0002, P = 0.022), and SA was positively associated with total fat percentage (β = PA was positively associated with lumbar BMD (β = 0.0046 95% CI 0.0010 to 0.0082, P = 0.012) and there was a negative association between PA and body fat percentage (β = − 1.177 95% CI − 1.326 to –1.027, P < 0.001). Our results show that physical activity is a key component of maintaining bone health in both men and women and is strongly associated with lower body fat percentages. Sedentary activity is negatively correlated with bone density and is strongly associated with an increase in body fat percentage. Healthcare policy makers should consider reducing sedentary activity and increasing physical activity when preventing osteoporosis and obesity.
Pyrethroid-treated bed nets impair blood feeding performance in insecticide resistant mosquitoes
Authors: Barreaux Priscille , Ranson Hilary , Foster Geraldine M. , McCall Philip J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe blood feeding performance of female mosquitoes directly impacts their ability to transmit malaria. Yet their host seeking and blood feeding behaviours in the presence of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are still poorly understood. This work explores how both insecticide resistant and susceptible Anopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes interact with pyrethroid nets (PermaNet 2.0 or Olyset net) or an untreated net (UTN) while attempting to blood feed on a human arm. Regardless of mosquito resistance status, the ITNs did not efficiently prevent host searching but reduced blood feeding success by 34.1 (29.31–38.95) %. The Permanet and Olyset net reduced to 227.5 (208.19–246.77) sec and 235.9 (214.03–257.74) sec the average blood feeding duration from 369.9 (342.78–397.04) sec with the UTN. The ingested blood volume was on average 22% lower for all mosquitoes exposed to insecticide. When feeding through ITNs, the blood volume flow rate of the susceptible strain increased by 35%, but no significant difference was found in the resistant strain. Thus, whilst the presence of the insecticide in ITNs reduced mosquito blood feeding success and blood volume, the mosquito’s ability to respond by accelerating her rate of blood ingestion may further reduce the impact of ITNs on resistant mosquitoes.
Research on electromagnetic characteristics of traction motor rotary shafts with variable parameter defects based on finite element method
Authors: Song Mengmeng , Li Mengwei , Song Xiaoyan , Xiao Shungen , Jiang Feng , Huang Naiqiu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn view of the breakage of the rotary shaft of the traction motor of the locomotive, in order to ensure the reliability and safety of the equipment, this paper studies the magnetic field containing rich information in the space around the rotary shaft, so that the crack defect can be detected and the crack size can be judged in time. In order to study the influence of defect geometric parameters (width, depth and hidden depth) on the spatial magnetic field distribution around the defect in the process of eddy current testing of metal shafts, based on the principle of eddy current testing, a metal rotary shaft detection model with different defect parameters was established by COMSOL software for simulation. The horizontal magnetic induction intensity, vertical magnetic induction intensity and their respective phases are used to analyze the magnetic field distribution around the defect under different parameters. The results show that the magnetic field related parameters can qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the crack width, qualitatively evaluate the relative size of the crack depth, and qualitatively judge whether there are hidden cracks.
Predicting merchant future performance using privacy-safe network-based features
Authors: Bahrami Mohsen , Boz Hasan Alp , Suhara Yoshihiko , Balcisoy Selim , Bozkaya Burcin , Pentland Alex 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSmall and Medium-sized Enterprises play a significant role in most economies by contributing to job creation and economic growth. A majority of such merchants rely on business financing, and thus, financial institutions and investors need to assess their performance before making decisions on business loans. However, current methods of predicting merchants’ future performance involve their private internal information, such as revenue and customer base, which cannot be shared without potentially exposing critical information. To address this problem, we first propose a novel approach to predicting merchants’ future performance using credit card transaction data. Specifically, we construct a merchant network, regarding customers as bridges between merchants, and extract features from the constructed network structure for prediction purposes. Our study results demonstrate that the performance of machine learning models with features extracted from our proposed network is comparable to those with conventional revenue- and customer-based features, while maintaining higher privacy levels when shared with third-party organizations. Our approach offers a practical solution to privacy concerns over data and information required for merchants’ performance prediction, enabling safe data-sharing among financial institutions and investors, helping them make more informed decisions on allocating their financial resources while ensuring that merchants’ sensitive information is kept confidential.
Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel candidates in cardiorenal pathology mediated by chronic peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Nasci Victoria L. , Liu Pengyuan , Marks Amanda M. , Williams Adaysha C. , Kriegel Alison J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeritoneal dialysis (PD) is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Studies of PD-related CV pathology in animal models are lacking despite the clinical importance. Here we introduce the phenotypic evaluation of a rat model of cardiorenal syndrome in response to chronic PD, complemented by a rich transcriptomic dataset detailing chronic PD-induced changes in left ventricle (LV) and kidney tissues. This study aims to determine how PD alters CV parameters and risk factors while identifying pathways for potential therapeutic targets. Sprague Dawley rats underwent Sham or 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) at 10 weeks of age. Six weeks later an abdominal dialysis catheter was placed in all rats before random assignment to Control or PD (3 daily 1-h exchanges) groups for 8 days. Renal and LV pathology and transcriptomic analysis was performed. The PD regimen reduced circulating levels of BUN in 5/6Nx, indicating dialysis efficacy. PD did not alter blood pressure or cardiovascular function in Sham or 5/6Nx rats, though it attenuated cardiac hypertrophy. Importantly PD increased serum triglycerides in 5/6Nx rats. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis revealed that PD induced numerous changed transcripts involved with inflammatory pathways, including neutrophil activation and atherosclerosis signaling. We have adapted a uremic rat model of chronic PD. Chronic PD induced transcriptomic changes related to inflammatory signaling that occur independent of 5/6Nx and augmented circulating triglycerides and predicted atherosclerosis signaling in 5/6Nx LV tissues. The changes are indicative of increased CV risk due to PD and highlight several pathways for potential therapeutic targets.
Tumor localization by Prostate Imaging and Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.1 predicts prognosis of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Fujimoto Ayumi , Sakamoto Shinichi , Horikoshi Takuro , Zhao Xue , Yamada Yasutaka , Rii Junryo , Takeuchi Nobuyoshi , Imamura Yusuke , Sazuka Tomokazu , Matsusaka Keisuke , Ikeda Jun-ichiro , Ichikawa Tomohiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn improved reading agreement rate has been reported in version 2.1 (v2.1) of the Prostate Imaging and Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) compared with earlier versions. To determine the predictive efficacy of bi-parametric MRI (bp-MRI) for biochemical recurrence (BCR), our study assessed PI-RADS v2.1 score and tumor location in Japanese prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 299 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at Chiba University Hospital between 2006 and 2018. The median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level before surgery was 7.6 ng/mL. Preoperative PI-RADS v2.1 categories were 1–2, 3, 4, and 5 in 35, 56, 138, and 70 patients, respectively. Tumor location on preoperative MRI was 107 in the transition zone (TZ) and 192 in the peripheral zone (PZ). BCR-free survival was significantly shorter in the PZ group (p = 0.001). In the total prostatectomy specimens, preoperative PI-RADS category 5, radiological tumor location, pathological seminal vesicle invasion, and Grade Group ≥ 3 were independent prognostic factors of BCR. These four risk factors have significant potential to stratify patients and predict prognosis. Radiological tumor location and PI-RADS v2.1 category using bp-MRI may enable prediction of BCR following radical prostatectomy.
Making a new bromo-containing cellulosic dye with antibacterial properties for use on various fabrics using computational research
Authors: El-Shall Fatma N. , Fahim Asmaa M. , Dacrory Sawsan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe reaction of cyanoethyl cellulose with para-bromo diazonium chloride resulted in the creation of a novel bromo-containing cellulosic (MCPT). The dispersion stability of MCPT has been improved by its dispersion into 1% waterborne polyurethane acrylate (WPUA). TEM, particle size, and zeta potential were used to track the dispersion stability of aqueous MCPT and MCPT in 1% WPUA and particle size. The prepared MCPT has been utilized as a unique green colorant (dye) for the printing of cotton, polyester, and cotton/polyester blend fabrics using a silkscreen printing technique through a single printing step and one color system. Color improvement has been achieved by printing different fabrics with a printing paste of MCPT dispersed in 1% WPUA. The MCPT and MCPT in 1% WPUA printed fabrics were evaluated for rubbing, light, washing, and perspiration fastness, UV blocking activity, and antibacterial activity. These findings were established through structural optimization at the DFT/B3LYP/6-31 (G) level and simulations involving several proteins.
The impact of facial expression and communicative gaze of a humanoid robot on individual Sense of Agency
Authors: Lombardi Maria , Roselli Cecilia , Kompatsiari Kyveli , Rospo Federico , Natale Lorenzo , Wykowska Agnieszka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSense of Agency (SoA) is the feeling of control over one’s actions and their outcomes. A well-established implicit measure of SoA is the temporal interval estimation paradigm, in which participants estimate the time interval between a voluntary action and its sensory consequence. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the valence of action outcome modulated implicit SoA. The valence was manipulated through interaction partner’s (i) positive/negative facial expression, or (ii) type of gaze (gaze contact or averted gaze). The interaction partner was the humanoid robot iCub. In Experiment 1, participants estimated the time interval between the onset of their action (head movement towards the robot), and the robot’s facial expression (happy vs. sad face). Experiment 2 was identical, but the outcome of participants’ action was the type of robot’s gaze (gaze contact vs. averted). In Experiment 3, we assessed—in a within-subject design—the combined effect of robot’s type of facial expression and type of gaze. Results showed that, while the robot’s facial expression did not affect participants’ SoA (Experiment 1), the type of gaze affected SoA in both Experiment 2 and Experiment 3. Overall, our findings showed that the robot’s gaze is a more potent factor than facial expression in modulating participants’ implicit SoA.
Tuning of the magnetotransport properties of a spin-polarized 2D electron system using visible light
Authors: D’Antuono Maria , Chen Yu , Caruso Roberta , Jouault Benoit , Salluzzo Marco , Stornaiuolo Daniela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe report on the effects of visible light on the low temperature electronic properties of the spin-polarized two dimensional electron system (2DES) formed at the interfaces between LaAlO$$_{3}$$

3

, EuTiO$$_{3}$$

3

and (001) SrTiO$$_{3}$$

3

. A strong, persistent modulation of both longitudinal and transverse conductivity was obtained using light emitting diodes (LEDs) with emissions at different wavelengths in the visible spectrum range. In particular, Hall effect data show that visible light induces a non-volatile electron filling of bands with mainly 3d$$_{xz,yz}$$

x
z
,
y
z

character, and at the same time an enhancement of the anomalous Hall effect associated to the magnetic properties of the system. Accordingly, a suppression of the weak-anti localization corrections to the magneto-conductance is found, which correlates with an enhancement of the spin-polarization and of the ferromagnetic character of 2DES. The results establish the LED-induced photo-doping as a viable route for the control of the ground state properties of artificial spin-polarized oxide 2DES.
Peripheral blood cellular dynamics of rheumatoid arthritis treatment informs about efficacy of response to disease modifying drugs
Authors: Hedman Åsa K. , Winter Eitan , Yoosuf Niyaz , Benita Yair , Berg Louise , Brynedal Boel , Folkersen Lasse , Klareskog Lars , Maciejewski Mateusz , Sirota-Madi Alexandra , Spector Yael , Ziemek Daniel , Padyukov Leonid , Shen-Orr Shai S. , Jelinsky Scott A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation and is mediated by multiple immune cell types. In this work, we aimed to determine the relevance of changes in cell proportions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during the development of disease and following treatment. Samples from healthy blood donors, newly diagnosed RA patients, and established RA patients that had an inadequate response to MTX and were about to start tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) treatment were collected before and after 3 months of treatment. We used in parallel a computational deconvolution approach based on RNA expression and flow cytometry to determine the relative cell-type frequencies. Cell-type frequencies from deconvolution of gene expression indicate that monocytes (both classical and non-classical) and CD4+cells (Th1 and Th2) were increased in RA patients compared to controls, while NK cells and B cells (naïve and mature) were significantly decreased in RA patients. Treatment with MTX caused a decrease in B cells (memory and plasma cell), and a decrease in CD4 Thcells (Th1 and Th17), while treatment with TNFi resulted in a significant increase in the population of B cells. Characterization of the RNA expression patterns found that most of the differentially expressed genes in RA subjects after treatment can be explained by changes in cell frequencies (98% and 74% respectively for MTX and TNFi).
Synthesis and numerical simulation of formamidinium-based perovskite solar cells: a predictable device performance at NIS-Egypt
Authors: Elsayed Moamen R. A. , Elseman Ahmed Mourtada , Abdelmageed Alaaeldin A. , Hashem H. M. , Hassen A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFormamidinium lead triiodide (δ-FAPbI3)-based perovskite solar cells showed remarkable potential as light harvesters for thin-film photovoltaics. Herein, the mechanochemical synthesis of δ-FAPbI3, MAPbI3, and mixed-cation FA1−xMAxPbI3 with (x = 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7) perovskite materials were prepared as a novel green chemistry method for scaling up production. Crystallinity, phase identification, thermal stability, optoelectronic properties, and nanoscale composition are discussed. The results demonstrated that the prepared mixed-cation samples are enhanced in the visible absorption region and are consistent with previous works. The crystal structure of δ-FAPbI3 was altered to a cubic structure due to the change in FA-cation. Moreover, the performance of $$\delta$$
δ
-FA-based perovskites was investigated using the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D) software. The validity of the device simulation was confirmed by comparing it to real-world devices. The photovoltaic characteristics and impact of absorber thickness on device performance were explained. The $$\delta$$
δ
-FA-based solar cell with a 50% MA-doped molar ratio shows a better performance with an efficiency of 26.22% compared to 8.43% for δ-FAPbI3. The outcome results of this work confirm the beneficial effect of mixed cations on device operation and advance our knowledge of the numerical optimization of perovskite-based solar cells.
In silico mutagenesis-based designing of oncogenic SHP2 peptide to inhibit cancer progression
Authors: Shahab Muhammad , Khan Shahin Shah , Zulfat Maryam , Bin Jardan Yousef A. , Mekonnen Amare Bitew , Bourhia Mohammed , Zheng Guojun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer is among the top causes of death, accounting for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018, it appeared that approximately 500,000 people die from cancer in the United States alone annually. The SHP2 plays a major role in regulation of cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation, and functional upregulation of this enzyme is linked to oncogenesis and developmental disorders. SHP2 activity has been linked to several cancer types for which no drugs are currently available. In our study, we aimed to design peptide inhibitors against the SHP2 mutant. The crystal structure of the human Src SH2-PQpYEEIPI peptide mutant was downloaded from the protein databank. We generated several peptides from the native wild peptide using an in silico mutagenesis method, which showed that changes (P302W, Y304F, E306Q, and Q303A) might boost the peptide's affinity for binding to SHP2. Furthermore, the dynamical stability and binding affinities of the mutated peptide were confirmed using Molecular dynamics simulation and Molecular Mechanics with Generalized Born and Surface Area Solvation free energy calculations. The proposed substitution greatly enhanced the binding affinity at the residue level, according to a study that decomposed energy into its component residues. Our proposed peptide may prevent the spread of cancer by inhibiting SHP2, according to our detailed analyses of binding affinities.
Into the void: ECM fungal communities involved in the succession from rockroses to oak stands
Authors: Sanz-Benito Ignacio , Stadler Tim , Mediavilla Olaya , Hernández-Rodríguez María , Oria-de-Rueda Juan Andrés , Dejene Tatek , Geml József , Martín-Pinto Pablo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOak forests accompanied byCistusspecies are a common landscape in the Mediterranean basin. It is argued thatCistusdominated fields serve as recruitment areas forQuercusseedlings, as they help in the transmission of the fungal community through vegetative succession in these ecosystems. To test these assumptions, we analyzed the fungal community in terms of its richness and composition, taking into account the effects of host (Oaksvs.Cistus) and forest structure, mainly based on age. Edaphic variables related to the different structures were also analyzed to examine how they evolve through succession and relate to shifts in the fungal community. No differences in fungal richness were observed between oldCistusstands and youngerQuercus, while a brief increase in ECM richness was observed. Community composition also showed a greater overlap between oldCistusand youngQuercusstands. We suggest that the most important step in fungal transfer from one host to another is the shift from the oldestCistusfields to the youngestQuercusstands, with the generaAmanita,Cortinarius,Lactarius,Inocybe,Russula, andTomentellaprobably playing a major role. In summary, our work has also revealed the network of fungal community structure in the succession ofCistusto Oak stands, it would suggest that the fungi share niches and significantly enhance the ecological setting of the transition fromCistustoOakstands.
Characterizing and demonstrating the role of Klebsiella SSN1 exopolysaccharide in osmotic stress tolerance using neutron radiography
Authors: Sharma Sheetal , Roy Tushar , Kashyap Yogesh , Buck Martin , Schumacher Jorg , Goswami Dweipayan , Gang Shraddha , Saraf Meenu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExopolysaccharides (EPS) are organic macromolecules naturally secreted by many microorganisms. EPS is increasingly used for agriculture and industrial purposes. This study focuses on isolate Klebsiella pneumonia SSN1, Klebsiella quasipeumonniae SGM81 isolated from rhizosphere to explore its water retention efficiency under drought conditions. Neutron Radiography was used to visualise water distribution in the sand under normal and drought conditions in the presence and absence of EPS producing bacteria. The EPS production was studied by applying Box Behnken design (BBD) under drought stress which was artificially induced by using polyethene glycol 6000 under osmotic stress condition 3.65% w/v of EPS dry weight was obtained. The relative water content (RWC) is used to calculate the amount of water present in the sand and was further studied by Neutron Radiography imaging with appropriate controls. FTIR and HPLC were also carried out for the characterisation of the extracted EPS. The sand experiments revealed that after 24 h of evaporation, the highest RWC was maintained by SSN1 at 29.7% compared to SGM81 (19.06%). SSN1 was found to release L-arabinose as the main sugar of its EPS under drought stress conditions by HPLC method. The FTIR data indicated the presence of β-glucans and polysaccharide α-pyranose between wavenumber 700 cm−1–1500 cm−1 and 1017 cm−1–1200 cm−1 respectively. The HPLC characterization of extracted EPS from osmotic stressed cells (run 3) displayed a peak designated to L-arabinose at 10.3 retention time (RT) for 132.4 mM concentration. While from run 5 with the controlled condition indicated the presence of L-rhamnose at 7.3 RT for 87 mM concentration. Neutron radiography enables the visualisation of water distribution in the sand as well as water transport in root-soil systems in situ. SSN1 has elicited EPS production in drought conditions with a low level of nitrogen and carbon.