bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of clastic syn‐sedimentary compaction on fluvial‐dominated delta morphodynamics
Authors: Valencia Ayunda A. , Storms Joep E. A. , Walstra Dirk‐Jan R. , van der Vegt Helena , Jagers Hendrik R. A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn natural deltaic settings, mixed hydrodynamic forcings and sediment properties are known to influence the preserved delta deposits. One process that has not received much attention yet is syn‐sedimentary compaction of clastic sediment on millennial‐scale delta evolution. To study how compaction interacts with delta morphodynamics and preserved sediment, a modelling approach is proposed. A 1D grain‐size dependent compaction model was implemented into Delft3D‐FLOW, which provides an opportunity to understand the underexplored connection between grain sizes supplied to the deltas and sediment compaction. The compaction model allows deposited sediment to decrease in volume due to the accumulation of newly deposited sediments above or the elapsed time. Differences in morphological trends are presented for scenarios defined by the composition of sediment supply (mud rich and sand rich) and the maximum allowed compaction rate in the model (0–10 mm year−1). The resultant deposits are classified into sub‐environments: delta top, delta front and pro delta. The delta top geometry (e.g. area increase, rugosity and aspect ratio), sediment distribution alongshore and across sub‐environments, and delta top accommodation (e.g. volume reduction and average water depth) are compared. The modelling results show that compaction of the underlying delta front and pro delta deposits increases the average water depth at the delta top, driving morphological variability observed in the mud‐rich and sand‐rich deltas. The morphological changes are more prominent in the mud‐rich deltas, which experience larger compaction‐induced volume reduction for the same scenario. Moreover, higher compaction rates further increase the delta top accommodation, resulting in more deposition and evenly distributed sediment at the delta top. This leads to a less significant area increase and a wider delta top with a smoother coastline. The presented modelling results bridge the knowledge gap on the influence of syn‐sedimentary compaction on long‐term delta morphodynamics and preserved sediment. These findings can be applied to unravel the controlling processes in ancient delta deposits and predict the evolution of modern systems under changing climates.
Dynamic evolution in mechanical characteristics of complex supporting structures during large section tunnel construction
Authors: Jiang Hua , Mu Jianhua , Zhang Jinxun , Jiang Yusheng , Liu Chongyang , Zhang Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe shallow tunnelling method (STM) often uses temporary supports to divide large section tunnels into several closed or semiclosed sections so as to share the upper load. The complex support system composed of primary and temporary supports can ensure safety during tunnel construction. Based on the large section tunnel of Beijing Subway Line 12, the mechanical characteristics of support system by the double‐side‐drift method (DSDM) during excavation and demolition were analyzed through numerical simulation and monitoring. The study showed that the middle cave excavation was the most critical stage of the DSDM, during which the load on the supporting structure increased significantly. The temporary vertical support bore most of the new load during middle cave excavation. During the demolition stage, the load was redistributed, which caused arch settlement and section convergence. The removal of the temporary vertical support exerted the greatest impact in this process. The lateral temporary inverted arch changed from axial compression to axial tension after the middle and lower caves were excavated. Based on the mechanical characteristics of the support system, some engineering suggestions were proposed for large section tunnel construction. These research results can provide reference for the design and construction of similar large section tunnels.
Anorexia nervosa and muscle health: A systematic review of our current understanding and future recommendations for study
Authors: Rosa‐Caldwell Megan E. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Rutkove Seward B. , Breithaupt Lauren 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveConduct a systematic review on muscle size and strength in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodIn accordance with PRISMA guidelines, we searched Pubmed for articles published between 1995 and 2022 using a combination of search terms related to AN and muscle size, strength, or metabolism. After two authors screened articles and extracted data, 30 articles met inclusion criteria. Data were coded, and a risk bias was conducted for each study.ResultsThe majority of studies focused on muscle size/lean mass (60%, n = 18) and energy expenditure (33%, n = 9), with few studies (17%, n = 5) investigating muscle function or possible mechanisms underlying muscle size (20%, n = 6). Studies supported that individuals with AN have smaller muscle size and reduced energy expenditure relative to controls. In some studies (33%, n = 10) recovery from AN was not sufficient to restore muscle mass or function. Mechanisms underlying short and long‐term musculoskeletal alterations have not been thoroughly explored.DiscussionMuscle mass and strength loss may be an unexplored component of physiological deterioration during and after AN. More research is necessary to understand intramuscular alterations during AN and interventions to facilitate muscle mass and functional gain following weight restoration in AN.Public SignificanceMuscle health is important for optimal health and is reduced in individuals with AN. However, we do not understand how muscle is altered at the cellular level throughout the course of AN. Here we review what is currently known regarding muscle health during AN and with weight restoration.
Can diet niche partitioning enhance sexual dimorphism?
Authors: Bauld Joshua T. , Abernethy Katharine A. , Newton Jason , Lehmann David , Jones Isabel L. , Bussière Luc F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClassic evolutionary theory suggests that sexual dimorphism evolves primarily via sexual and fecundity selection. However, theory and evidence are beginning to accumulate suggesting that resource competition can drive the evolution of sexual dimorphism, via ecological character displacement between sexes. A key prediction of this hypothesis is that the extent of ecological divergence between sexes will be associated with the extent of sexual dimorphism. As the stable isotope ratios of animal tissues provide a quantitative measure of various aspects of ecology, we carried out a meta‐analysis examining associations between the extent of isotopic divergence between sexes and the extent of body size dimorphism. Our models demonstrate that large amounts of between‐study variation in isotopic (ecological) divergence between sexes is nonrandom and may be associated with the traits of study subjects. We, therefore, completed meta‐regressions to examine whether the extent of isotopic divergence between sexes is associated with the extent of sexual size dimorphism. We found modest but significantly positive associations across species between size dimorphism and ecological differences between sexes, that increased in strength when the ecological opportunity for dietary divergence between sexes was greatest. Our results, therefore, provide further evidence that ecologically mediated selection, not directly related to reproduction, can contribute to the evolution of sexual dimorphism.
EurJIC: Evolving with the Field of Inorganic Chemistry for 25 Years
Authors: González‐Gallardo Sandra , Vashi Preeti 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere is much to celebrate in 2023, not least it is EurJIC's 25th Anniversary. Twenty‐five years ago, the Dutch and German chemical societies (KNCV and GDCh) took the initiative to create strong European journals with a global reach. Cooperation with more European national chemical societies soon followed, and the amalgamation of their national journals led to the formation of EurJIC under the ownership of Chemistry Europe. With its strong European roots, EurJIC has since developed into a leading inorganic chemistry journal serving an international community.
Improving attitudes towards minority groups by thinking about the thoughts and meta‐cognitions of their members
Authors: Santos David , Martínez Rocío , Briñol Pablo , Petty Richard E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearch on persuasion has shown that for attitudes to change people need to take into consideration not only the thoughts message recipients generate in response to proposals but also how people think about their own thoughts (metacognition). In the present research, we introduce a new perspective for improving outgroup attitudes focused on the distinction between cognition and metacognition but this time applied to the perceptions of others’ minds. Specifically, we examined to what extent thinking about the mental processes of outgroup members influences attitudes towards those outgroups. We compared the impact of thinking about how others think (perceived primary cognition) with how others think about their own thoughts (perceived secondary cognition or metacognition). In the primary cognition treatment, participants answered questions about the thinking processes of outgroup members. In the secondary cognition treatment, participants answered questions that required them to consider how outgroup members think about their own thoughts (i.e., metacognition). Compared to controls, these treatments were capable of improving attitudes of Spanish citizens towards Syrian refugees, South American immigrants, and Roma people. A third study used a minimal group paradigm in which a fictitious outgroup was described as having primary (vs. secondary) cognition. A final study also tested the implications of assuming that groups have one type of cognition or another. The effects of the two treatments varied depending on the type of outgroup.
Vertical aligned solid‐state electrolyte templated by nanostructured “upright” cellulose film layers for advanced cell performance
Authors: Zhang Hao , An Xingye , Yang Yiluo , Long Yinying , Nie Shuangxi , Liu Liqin , Yang Guihua , Tian Zhongjian , Cao Haibing , Cheng Zhengbai , Liu Hongbin , Ni Yonghao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, an “upright” cellulose layered template, which can be precisely controlled by the fiber orientation and thickness of anisotropic cellulose film, was first developed to prepare vertically aligned Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) ceramic membrane with low tortuosity and uniform porosity. The flexible composite solid‐state electrolytes (CSEs) were synthesized by incorporating poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer into LLZO architecture, and exhibited distinguished mechanical strength, elevated ionic conductivity (2.1 × 10−4 S cm−1) and excellent interface compatibility with lithium anodes. The assembled LiFePO4/lithium full cells assembled with as‐obtained CSEs can reach large discharge capacities of 172.3 mAh g−1 with coulombic efficiencies of above 99% and capacity retention of 93.1% even after 200 cycles. These results clearly demonstrate that the sophisticated design of vertical aligned cellulose layered template with fine‐scale size and exquisite architecture is a promising and practical approach in fabricating flexible LLZO@PEO‐LiTFSI CSEs with high‐safety and high‐performance.image
zkChain: A privacy‐preserving model based on zk‐SNARKs and hash chain for efficient transfer of assets
Authors: Huang Jiahui , Huang Teng , Wei Huanchun , Zhang Jiehua , Yan Hongyang , Wong Duncan S. , Hu Haibo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs a distributed public ledger technology in a peer‐to‐peer network, blockchain has been widely used in a variety of Internet interaction systems in recent years, such as market supervision, property rights protection, and digital identity. However, in blockchain environment, all historical transaction data are open and transparent, and adversaries may illegally access private transaction data, which makes privacy attacks a core issue that hinders the popularization and application of blockchain. Different privacy‐preserving technologies such as zerocoin and zerocash have been proposed. However, the large amount of proofs and the slow verification speed hinder the effective application of zero‐knowledge proofs (ZKPs) in blockchain. This article proposes a privacy‐preserving model based on zk‐SNARKs and hash chain for efficient transfer of assets, called zkChain. Different from traditional privacy‐preserving schemes, this scheme constructs a smaller proof based on hash chain, and the verification speed of the proof is faster. This scheme constructs ZKP based on the one‐way hash function and zk‐SNARKs. The proof is publicly recorded in the ledger after being verified by miners, and users use the proof to send privacy‐preserving transactions. In the above process, the zkChain scheme can achieve effective privacy protection of account balance and account address. We evaluated the computational and storage costs of the zkChain scheme based on libsnark, and establish a test network to evaluate the processing performance of the zkChain scheme.
Movers and shakers: Microglial dynamics and modulation of neural networks
Authors: Whitelaw Brendan Steven , Stoessel Mark Blohm , Majewska Ania Katarzyna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMicroglia are multifaceted cells that act as immune sentinels, with important roles in pathological events, but also as integral contributors to the normal development and function of neural circuits. In the last decade, our understanding of the contributions these cells make to synaptic health and dysfunction has expanded at a dizzying pace. Here we review the known mechanisms that govern the dynamics of microglia allowing these motile cells to interact with synapses, and recruit microglia to specific sites on neurons. We then review the molecular signals that may underlie the function of microglia in synaptic remodeling. The emerging picture from the literature suggests that microglia are highly sensitive cells, reacting to neuronal signals with dynamic and specific actions tuned to the need of specific synapses and networks.
Predictive value on advance hodgkin lymphoma treatment outcome of end‐of treatment FDG PET/CT in the HD0607 clinical trial
Authors: Biggi Alberto , Chauvie Stephane , Fallanca Federico , Guerra Luca , Bergesio Fabrizio , Menga Massimo , Bianchi Andrea , Gregianin Michele , Chiaravalloti Agostino , Schillaci Orazio , Pavoni Chiara , Patti Caterina , Picardi Marco , Romano Alessandra , Schiavotto Corrado , Sorasio Roberto , Viviani Simonetta , La Nasa Giorgio , Trentin Livio , Rambaldi Alessandro , Gallamini Andrea 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Lugano classification for response assessment in lymphoma recommends the use of the 5‐point‐scale Deauville Score (DS) to assess response evaluation of end‐of‐treatment FDG‐PET/CT (eotPET) in Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL); nevertheless, there is a paucity of data on its accuracy and reproducibility. We focus here on the cohort of advanced stage IIb‐IV HL patients enrolled in the HD0607 clinical trial (NCT identifier 00795613) that having had a negative interim PET performed 6 cycles of ABVD (Doxorubicin, Vinblastine, Vincristine and Dacarbazine) and then performed an eotPET. Negative patients were randomized to radiotherapy and no further treatment while positive patients were treated based on local policies. eotPET was re‐evaluated independently by two readers evaluated and progression free survival was analysed (PFS). eotPET of 254 patients were analysed. The median follow‐up was 43 months. The best receiver operator characteristics cut‐off values to distinguish positive and negative patients was 4. The area‐under‐the‐curve was 0.81 (95%CI, 0.70–0.91). Three‐years PFS was 0.95 (95% CI 0.90–0.97) in eotPET negative and 0.22 (95% CI 0.11–0.43) in eotPET positive. DS demonstrated a good reproducibility of positivity/negativity between the readers consensus and local site evaluation where the agreement occurred on 95.0% of patients. The present study demonstrates that eotPET is an accurate tool to predict treatment outcome in HL and confirms the appropriateness of the Lugano classification for eotPET evaluation.
Clinical and genomic characterization of mutational signatures across human cancers
Authors: Liao Jianlong , Bai Jing , Pan Tao , Zou Haozhe , Gao Yueying , Guo Jing , Xu Qi , Xu Juan , Li Yongsheng , Li Xia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMutational signatures, the generic patterns of mutations, are the footprints of both endogenous and exogenous factors that have influenced cancer development. To date, dozens of mutational signatures have been discerned through computational methods. However, the etiology, mutational properties, clonality, immunology and prognostic value of mutation signatures across cancer types are poorly understood. To address this, we extensively characterized mutational signatures across 8836 cancer samples spanning 42 cancer types. We confirmed and extended clinical and genomic features associated with mutation signatures. Mutation distribution analysis showed that most mutation processes were depleted in exons and APOBEC signatures (SBS2 and SBS13), the Pol‐η related signature (SBS9) and SBS40 tended to contribute clustered mutations. We observed that age‐related signatures (SBS1 and SBS5) and SBS40 tended to induce mutations affecting cancer genes and subclonal drivers posted by specific signatures (eg, mismatch repair deficiency‐related signature SBS44) were unlikely subjected to positive selection. We also revealed early mutation signatures (eg, UV light exposure‐related signature SBS7a) and signatures (eg, reactive oxygen species‐related signature SBS18) predominated in the late stage of tumorigenesis. Comprehensive association analysis of mutation processes with microenvironment revealed that APOBEC‐ and mismatch repair deficiency‐related signatures were positively associated with immune parameters, while age‐related signatures showed negative correlations. In addition, prognostic association analysis showed that many signatures were favorable (eg, SBS9) or adverse factors (eg, SBS18) of patient survival. Our findings enhance appreciation of the role of mutational signatures in tumor evolution and underline their potential in immunotherapy guidance and prognostic prediction.
Quality of health care around the time of childbirth during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Results from the IMAgiNE EURO study in Norway and trends over time
Authors: Nedberg Ingvild Hersoug , Vik Eline Skirnisdottir , Kongslien Sigrun , Mariani Ilaria , Valente Emanuelle Pessa , Covi Benedetta , Lazzerini Marzia ,   the IMAgiNE EURO study group
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe maternal perception of the quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) in facilities in Norway during the first year of COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsWomen who gave birth in a Norwegian facility from March 1, 2020, to October 28, 2021, filled out a structured online questionnaire based on 40 WHO standards‐based quality measures. Quantile regression analysis was performed to assess changes in QMNC index over time.ResultsAmong 3326 women included, 3085 experienced labor. Of those, 1799 (58.3%) reported that their partner could not be present as much as needed, 918 (29.8%) noted inadequate staff numbers, 183 (43.6%) lacked a consent request for instrumental vaginal birth (IVB), 1067 (34.6%) reported inadequate communication from staff, 78 (18.6%) reported fundal pressure during IVB, 670 (21.7%) reported that they were not treated with dignity, and 249 (8.1%) reported experiencing abuse. The QMNC index increased gradually over time (3.68 points per month, 95% CI, 2.83–4.53 for the median), with the domains of COVID‐19 reorganizational changes and experience of care displaying the greatest increases, while provision of care was stable over time.ConclusionAlthough several measures showed high QMNC in Norway during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic, and a gradual improvement over time, several findings suggest that gaps in QMNC exist. These gaps should be addressed and monitored.
Quality of maternal and newborn care around the time of childbirth for migrant versus nonmigrant women during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Results of the IMAgiNE EURO study in 11 countries of the WHO European region
Authors: Costa Raquel , Rodrigues Carina , Dias Heloísa , Covi Benedetta , Mariani Ilaria , Valente Emanuelle Pessa , Zaigham Mehreen , Vik Eline Skirnisdottir , Grylka‐Baeschlin Susanne , Arendt Maryse , Santos Teresa , Wandschneider Lisa , Drglin Zalka , Drandić Daniela , Radetic Jelena , Rozée Virginie , Elden Helen , Mueller Antonia N. , Barata Catarina , Miani Céline , Bohinec Anja , Ruzicic Jovana , de La Rochebrochard Elise , Linden Karolina , Geremia Sara , de Labrusse Claire , Batram‐Zantvoort Stephanie , Ponikvar Barbara Mihevc , Sacks Emma , Lazzerini Marzia ,   the IMAgiNE EURO study group
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the perception of quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) around the time of childbirth among migrant and nonmigrant women in Europe.MethodsWomen who gave birth at a health facility in 11 countries of the WHO European Region from March 2020 to July 2021 were invited to answer an online questionnaire including demographics and childbirth experience. Data were analyzed and compared for 1781 migrant and 20 653 nonmigrant women.ResultsMigrant women who experienced labor perceived slightly more difficulties in attending routine antenatal visits (41.2% vs 39.4%; P = 0.001), more barriers in accessing facilities (32.9% vs 29.9%; P = 0.001), lack of timely care (14.7% vs 13.0%; P = 0.025), inadequate room comfort and equipment (9.2% vs 8.5%; P = 0.004), inadequate number of women per room (9.4% vs 8.6%; P = 0.039), being prevented from staying with their baby as they wished (7.8% vs 6.9%; P = 0.011), or suffering abuse (14.5% vs 12.7%; P = 0.022) compared with nonmigrant women. For women who had a prelabor cesarean, migrant women were more likely not to receive pain relief after birth (16.8% vs.13.5%; P = 0.039) and less likely to provide informal payment (1.8% vs 4.4%; P = 0.005) compared with nonmigrant women. Overall, the QMNC index was not significantly different for migrant compared with nonmigrant women.ConclusionGaps in overall QMNC were reported by both migrant and nonmigrant women, with improvements to healthcare necessary for all.
The impact of poverty on base of the pyramid operations: Evidence from mobile money in Africa
Authors: Balasubramanian Karthik , Drake David F. , Urrea Gloria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBusiness models designed to serve those at the “base of the pyramid” are an effective means to create employment and improve quality of life. However, the effect that poverty has on the performance of such businesses is not well‐understood. We address this gap through the context of “mobile money,” an electronic currency ecosystem designed as a secure, reliable way for those at the base of the pyramid to store and transfer money. Using data from Kenya and Uganda, and instrumenting for potentially endogenous regressors, we examine the effect poverty has on operational decisions (inventory and price transparency) and market dimensions (network density and demand). Our results suggest that mobile money, as a base of the pyramid business model, is well‐positioned to serve those in poverty up to a point, with demand increasing in poverty when the concentration of poverty is sufficiently low. However, our results indicate that, where poverty is more pervasive, inventory costs increase in poverty while per agent demand and agent network density both decrease. In short, the business case for mobile money degenerates in regions where it, arguably, is needed the most. We conclude with thoughts on how to buttress mobile money's business case in these high poverty settings.