bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All-trans retinoic acid improves NSD2-mediated RARα phase separation and efficacy of anti-CD38 CAR T-cell therapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Peng Ziyi , Wang Jingya , Guo Jing , Li Xin , Wang Sheng , Xie Ying , Jiang Hongmei , Wang Yixuan , Wang Mengqi , Hu Meilin , Li Qian , Wang Yafei , Mi Jian-Qing , Liu Zhiqiang 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundImmunotherapies targeting CD38 have demonstrated salient efficacy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). However, loss of CD38 antigen and outgrowth of CD38 negative plasma cells have emerged as a major obstacle in clinics. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been reported to upregulate CD38 expression, but the mechanism and adaptive genetic background remain unexplored.MethodsThe efficacy of ATRA in upregulating CD38 expression in MM cells is evaluated by flow cytometry. The interaction between NSD2 and the RARα is analyzed by immunoprecipitation, and the nuclear condensation of RARα is evaluated under laser confocal microscope. A graft model of MM is established in NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice, and the tumor burden is assessed by in vivo fluorescence imaging.ResultsWe report that ATRA upregulates MM cells CD38 in a non-linear manner, which is t(4;14) translocation dependent, and t(4;14) translocation-induced NSD2 shows positive correlation with ATRA-induced level of, but not with basal level of CD38 expression. Mechanistically, NSD2 interacts with the ATRA receptor, RARα, and protects it from degradation. Meanwhile, NSD2 enhances the nuclear condensation of RARα and modifies the histone H3 dimethylation at lysine 36 on CD38 promoter. Knockdown of NSD2 attenuates the sensitization of MM against ATRA induced CD38 upregulation. Translationally, ATRA is prone to augment the efficacy of anti-CD38 CAR T cells in NSD2highMM cells in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionThis study elucidates a mechanism of ATRA in regulating CD38 expression and expands the clinical potential of ATRA in improving immunotherapies against CD38 in patients with MM.Cite Now
Transition from WATCHMAN V.2.5 to WATCHMAN FLX for closure of the left atrial appendage: echocardiographic and clinical findings
Authors: Sakriss Charlotte , Roehl Peter , Schwenzky Andreas , Hoyme Matthias , Ebelt Henning 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionInterventional closure of the left atrial appendage (LAAC) has been established as an alternative treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and an elevated risk of stroke. The WATCHMAN FLX (WM FLX) as the newest WATCHMAN LAAC device differs in several technical characteristics from its precursor, the WATCHMAN V.2.5 (WM V.2.5).MethodsThe data presented here are derived from a retrospective single-centre study. All patients in which an LAAC was performed between February 2017 and March 2021 with either a WM V.2.5 or WM FLX device were included.Results169 patients were included in this study, of whom 95 had been treated with WM V.2.5 and 74 with WM FLX, respectively. Directly after implantation, only minor differences regarding membrane thickness and connector protrusion were noted, whereas no relevant differences were found regarding device sizing, device compression or peridevice leakage, respectively. However, at 3-month follow-up, device compression was significantly reduced in WM FLX indicating a continued device expansion which was paralleled by a reduced number of peridevice leakage in comparison to WM V.2.5. Additionally, the combined clinical endpoint of death, stroke/transistoric ischaemic attack, tamponade, device embolisation, device-related thrombosis or peridevice leakage was reduced in WM FLX.ConclusionLAAC using the WM FLX device results in a continued device expansion over the first 3 months based on differences in radial force in comparison to WM V.2.5. This is accompanied by a reduction in adverse clinical endpoints.
Defeat at Gallabat: Brigadier Bill Slim’s Formative Learning Experience
Authors: Stewart Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In November 1940 British Commonwealth troops launched an attack against a mud and stone fort at Gallabat on the frontier between the Sudan and Ethiopia. This was a strategically important position for military planners in the Middle East Command working to make best use of limited forces scattered around a vast area of operations. Poor organisation, inadequate training, ineffective subordinate command, an unanticipated level of response from the Italian air force and a collapse in morale amongst some of the British troops who fled the battlefield all contributed to the resulting defeat. The impact of uncertainty on decision-making was another significant factor and for William Slim, the brigadier in charge of the failed attack, this experience proved an important but often overlooked stage in the professional development of one of the Second World War’s leading military commanders.
Resonance and Atmosphere: An Affect-Theoretical Exposé
Authors: Palstroem Anders 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article examines the relationship between two phenomena and their respective concepts circulating in contemporary affect theory, i.e., ‘affective resonance’ and ‘affective atmosphere.’ Identifying the main aspects of the two concepts clarifies how the phenomena differ from each other, as well as how they may relate in a dynamic interplay. In light of a distinction between and a conjunction of the aspects of ‘affective relationality’ and ‘affective spatiality,’ the paper proposes a conceptualization of this dynamic interplay through the concept of ‘affective attunement,’ in which resonance and atmosphere are held to converge. As part of this endeavor, the paper further investigates the diverging philosophical traditions to which the two concepts of affective resonance and affective atmosphere originally belong, respectively Spinozist affect theory and New phenomenology.
Hypercoagulable Factors Attributing to Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis and Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Authors: Van Horn Alexandra L. , Soult Alexa P. 
Published: March 2023

Acute mesenteric ischemia is rare and can be difficult to diagnose due to vague symptoms often endorsed by patients. It can be fatal if not discovered in time, as it can lead to bowel ischemia, sepsis, and ultimately death. Here, we present a case of a 23-year-old female with hepatic steatosis, obesity, and 5-year history of birth control use who developed acute mesenteric ischemia secondary to superior mesenteric venous (SMV) thrombosis, requiring small bowel resection of 238 cm out of 480 cm (49.5%) after delay in diagnosis. Hypercoagulable and genetic workup during admission later revealed heterozygous factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation. The patient was ultimately discharged to inpatient rehabilitation on anticoagulation.
Cardiovascular and Perceptual Responses to Resistance Training with Practical Blood Flow Restriction Induced by a Non-Elastic Band vs. Pneumatic Cuff: A Crossover Randomized Study
Authors: Duarte de Oliveira Jorge Luiz , Vieira João Guilherme , Sabino de Queiros Victor , Mourão Júnior Carlos Alberto , Panza Patrícia Silva , Krzysztofik Michał , Bichowska Marta , Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco Cabral Breno , Rolnick Nicholas , Wilk Michal , Vianna Jeferson Macedo 
Published: March 2023

Our purpose in this study was to analyze perceptual and cardiovascular responses in low-load resistance training (RT) sessions associated with a fixed non-elastic band compressed to the proximal region of the arms (p-BFR) versus a pneumatic cuff inflated to a pressure of 150 mmHg (t-BFR). Participants (16 healthy trained men) were randomly assigned to two conditions of low-load RT (20% one repetition maximum [1RM]) with BFR (p-BFR or t-BFR). In both conditions, the participants performed five exercises (4 sets/30-15-15-15) for the upper-limbs, but in one of the conditions, the exercises were performed with a p-BFR induced by a non-elastic band, while in the other, the exercises were performed with a t-BFR using a device with similar width. The devices used to generate the BFR had similar widths (5 cm). Brachial blood pressure (bBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured before, after each exercise and after the experimental session (5-, 10-, 15-, and 20 min post-session). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and rating of pain perception (RPP) were reported after each exercise and 15 minutes post-session. HR increased during the training session in both conditions, with no differences between p-BFR and t-BFR. Neither intervention increased diastolic BP (DBP) during training, but there was a significant post-session reduction in DBP in the p-BFR, with no differences observed between conditions. There were no significant differences in RPE and RPP in the two training conditions, with both conditions associated with higher RPE and RPP at the end versus beginning of the experimental session. We conclude that when BFR device width and material are similar, low-load training with t-BFR and p-BFR promotes similar acute perceptual and cardiovascular responses in healthy trained men.
Relationship between nutritional status, anxiety, and depression in hospitalized diabetic patients in Turkey
Authors: Bakir Buse , Çalapkorur Sema 
Published: March 2023

Objective Anxiety and depression often coexist in patients with chronic diseases. We evaluated the nutritional status of diabetic patients and its relationship to anxiety and depression. Methods Demographic, clinical information (disease duration, treatment, hospitalization), and anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist, and hip circumference) were recorded. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression.Twenty-four hour food diaries were obtained to determine daily energy and nutrient intake. Results Among the 222 patients in this study, rates of anxiety, depression, and anxious depression were 23.8%, 21.6%, and 12.2%, respectively. Those who skipped medication/insulin doses and did not exercise regularly had significantly higher anxiety and depression scores. Anxiety and depression scores were positively correlated with disease duration, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, and waist/height ratio. Being married, engaging in regular exercise, and increased vitamin B6 were inversely related to anxiety and depression. According to food records, patients with anxiety and depression consumed a higher proportion of energy from dietary carbohydrates. Anxiety and depression scores were negatively related to dietary energy, protein, fat, vitamins (retinol, group B, C, and D), and mineral (K, Mg, P, Fe, Zn, Cu) intake. Conclusions Maintaining healthy body weight, complying with medication/insulin treatment, and engaging in regular exercise may help in the prevention of anxiety and depression in hospitalized diabetic patients in Turkey. Alternatively, anxiety and depression may adversely affect body weight, compliance with treatment, and regular exercise. Prospective studies are needed to determine the direction of causation.
Exosomes Derived From Kartogenin-Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Cartilage Formation and Collagen Maturation for Enthesis Regeneration in a Rat Model of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tear
Authors: Cai Jiangyu , Xu Junjie , Ye Zipeng , Wang Liren , Zheng Ting , Zhang Tianlun , Li Yufeng , Jiang Jia , Zhao Jinzhong 
Published: March 2023

Background: Poor tendon-to-bone healing in chronic rotator cuff tears (RCTs) is related to unsatisfactory outcomes. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells reportedly enhance rotator cuff healing. However, the difficulty in producing exosomes with a stronger effect on enthesis regeneration must be resolved. Purpose: To study the effect of exosomes derived from kartogenin (KGN)-preconditioned human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (KGN-Exos) on tendon-to-bone healing in a rat model of chronic RCT. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Exosome-loaded sodium alginate hydrogel (SAH) was prepared. Moreover, exosomes were labeled with 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR) or 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil) for in vivo tracking. Bilateral rotator cuff repair (RCR) was conducted in an established chronic RCT rat model. A total of 66 rats were randomized to control, untreated exosome (un-Exos), and KGN-Exos groups to receive local injections of pure SAH, un-Exos, or KGN-Exos SAH at the repaired site. The presence of DiR/Dil-labeled exosomes was assessed at 1 day and 1 week, and tendon-to-bone healing was evaluated histologically, immunohistochemically, and biomechanically at 4 and 8 weeks. Results: Both un-Exos and KGN-Exos exhibited sustained release from SAH for up to 96 hours. In vivo study revealed that un-Exos and KGN-Exos were localized to the repaired site at 1 week. Moreover, the KGN-Exos group showed a higher histological score and increased glycosaminoglycan and collagen II expression at 4 and 8 weeks. In addition, more mature and better-organized collagen fibers with higher ratios of collagen I to collagen III were observed at 8 weeks in the tendon-to-bone interface compared with those in the control and un-Exos groups. Biomechanically, the KGN-Exos group had the highest failure load (28.12 ± 2.40 N) and stiffness (28.57 ± 2.49 N/mm) among the 3 groups at 8 weeks. Conclusion: Local injection of SAH with sustained KGN-Exos release could effectively promote cartilage formation as well as collagen maturation and organization for enthesis regeneration, contributing to enhanced biomechanical properties after RCR. Clinical Relevance: KGN-Exos injection may be used as a cell-free therapeutic option to accelerate tendon-to-bone healing in chronic RCT.
Repairing Avascular Meniscal Lesions by Recruiting Endogenous Targeted Cells Through Bispecific Synovial-Meniscal Aptamers
Authors: Chen Zhong , Deng Xing-Hao , Jiang Chuan , Wang Jing-Song , Li Wei-Ping , Zhu Ke-Long , Li Yu-Heng , Song Bin , Zhang Zheng-Zheng 
Published: March 2023

Background:Tissue engineering is a promising treatment option for meniscal lesions in the avascular area, but a favorable cell source and its utilization in tissue-engineered menisci remain uncertain. Therefore, a more controllable and convenient method for cell recruitment is required.Hypothesis:Circular bispecific synovial-meniscal (S-M) aptamers with a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel can recruit endogenous synovial and meniscal cells to the site of the defect, thereby promoting in situ meniscal regeneration and chondroprotection.Study Design:Controlled laboratory study.Methods:Synovial and meniscal aptamers were filtered through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and cross-linked to synthesize the S-M aptamer. A GelMA-aptamer system was constructed. An in vitro analysis of the bi-recruitment of synovial and meniscal cells was performed, and the migration and proliferation of the GelMA-aptamer hydrogel were also tested. For the in vivo assay, rabbits (n = 90) with meniscal defects in the avascular zone were divided into 3 groups: repair with the GelMA-aptamer hydrogel (GelMA-aptamer group), repair with the GelMA hydrogel (GelMA group), and no repair (blank group). Regeneration of the repaired meniscus and degeneration of the cartilage were assessed by gross and histological evaluations at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. The mechanical properties of repaired menisci were also evaluated.Results:In vitro synovial and meniscal cells were recruited simultaneously by the S-M aptamer with high affiliation and specificity. The GelMA-aptamer hydrogel promoted the migration of targeted cells. Compared with the other groups, the GelMA-aptamer group showed enhanced fibrocartilaginous regeneration, lower cartilage degeneration, and better mechanical strength at 12 weeks after meniscal repair.Conclusion/Clinical Relevance:Bispecific S-M aptamers could be used for avascular meniscal repair by recruiting endogenous synovial and meniscal cells and promoting fibrocartilaginous regeneration.
A Modified Lemaire Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis in High-Risk Adolescents Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Quadriceps Tendon Autograft: 2-Year Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Green Daniel W. , Hidalgo Perea Sofia , Brusalis Christopher M. , Chipman Danielle E. , Asaro Lori A. , Cordasco Frank A. 
Published: March 2023

Background: The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) in children and adolescents has increased significantly, and many such patients are at increased risk for ACL retear. Lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) may be performed in conjunction with ACLR to reduce the risk of ACL retear. Purpose: To evaluate the 2-year clinical outcomes of ACLR with soft tissue quadriceps tendon (QUAD) autograft performed with a concomitant LET using a modified Lemaire technique in skeletally immature patients. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A consecutive series of adolescent patients who underwent QUAD autograft ACLR and LET with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively. ACLR techniques, including all-epiphyseal and complete transphyseal, were indicated based on skeletal age. Outcome measures included return to sports, concomitant or subsequent surgical procedures, and multiple patient-reported outcome measures, including Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee (Pedi-IKDC), and Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS) scores. Results: The final cohort included 49 consecutive adolescent patients aged 11 to 16 years (mean, 14.2 ± 1 years) with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. One patient was lost to follow-up. Of the patients included in the study (N = 48; 27 male, 21 female), 98% participated in high-risk competitive sports. Two (4%) patients were undergoing revision ACLR. Thirty-eight (79%) patients underwent complete transphyseal, and 10 (21%) patients underwent all-epiphyseal ACLR. Sixteen (33%) patients had subsequent surgical procedures, including 5 contralateral ACLR, 4 meniscal surgery, 4 QUAD autograft scar revision, 4 irrigation and debridement (2 patients, 2 each), and 3 hardware removal (2 for hemi-epiphysiodesis and 1 tibial socket button removal) procedures. The rate of graft rupture was 0%. At a mean follow-up of 3.4 ± 1.2 years (range, 2-7 range), the mean SANE score was 93, the mean Pedi-IKDC score was 89, and the mean HSS Pedi-FABS score was 23. The return-to-sports rate was 100%. Conclusion: An LET performed concomitantly with an ACLR is safe and should be considered as a concomitant procedure for adolescent patients with nonmodifiable risk factors who are at high risk of retear.
Intelligent detection of fine cracks on sleepers based on improved YOLOv5 model of cascade fusion
Authors: Ling Liepeng , Xue Feng , Zhang Jianbo , Huan Yi , Chen Fengwei 
Published: March 2023

The detection of cracks in sleepers is important in ensuring safe operation of trains and the crack width is a key index in this process. The traditional YOLOv5 model can not achieve satisfactory detection results in the face of large changes in the scale of the target and interference of background information in the detection process. In this paper, a method to detect and measure the fine crack of sleeper based on improved YOLOv5 model of cascade fusion and edge fitting algorithm is proposed to solve these problems. An adaptive multi-scale feature fusion technique is proposed to achieve multi-scale feature fusion efficiently and solve the problem of large changes in the scale of the target. An improved method of feature recombination of attention mechanism is used to solve the interference problem of background information. On this basis, a method based on cascade fusion is proposed to fuse the above improvements and reconstruct the structure of the YOLOv5 model. Moreover, a fitting algorithm of the crack edge is proposed to realize the precise measurement of the maximum width of the fine crack on sleepers. Finally, the process of crack detection and width measurement of sleeper is developed and the performance of the method proposed in this paper is verified by experiments through self-made data sets. The experimental results show that the precision of crack detection is increased from 84.08% to 96.86%, and the recall is increased from 78.13% to 96.46%. The increases are 12.78% and 18.33% respectively. At the same time, the average detection time is reduced from 15.23 ms to 10.04 ms. The measurement accuracy of the maximum crack width is 0.05 mm.
The influence of blade trailing edge modification on the pressure pulsation inside a two-stage centrifugal pump
Authors: Cui Baoling , An Yinchu , Han Xiaotian , Li Wenqing 
Published: March 2023

Adjusting the clearance between the rotor and the stator in the centrifugal pump is an effective measure to reduce the pressure pulsation. In this paper, we investigated the influence of blade trailing edge modification on the internal unsteady flow and the performance of a two-stage centrifugal pump with the V-type trailing edge (VTE) and elliptic trailing edge (ETE). The pressure pulsation on the spherical casing and the performance were analyzed based on the experimental results for the pump with the modified blade trailing edges of the cutting depths 1 mm, 2 mm and 2.5 mm. Also the unsteady flow in the pump was numerically simulated, and the velocity and the axial vorticity intensity were analyzed to evaluate the influence of the flow on the pressure pulsation and the performance of the pump. The results show that cutting the blade trailing edge will reduce the head and efficiency of the two-stage pump, and different outlet shapes under the same cutting depth have little effect on the performance. The modified impeller makes the high velocity areas at the blade outlet away from the spherical casing wall and reduces the pressure pulsation amplitude at the main frequency. At the design flow rate, the heads decrease by 7.3%, 9.8% and 11.3%, the efficiencies decrease by 2.8%, 3.5% and 4.0%, and the pressure pulsation amplitudes at the main frequency are reduced by 29%, 10.1% and 28.7% for the ETE1, ETE2, ETE2.5 blade compared with that of original impeller. Also, the heads decrease by 6.3%, 8.0% and 9.1%, the efficiencies decrease by 3.5%, 3.9% and 4.1%, and the pressure pulsation amplitudes at the main frequency are reduced by 3.2%, 11.7% and 38.1% for VTE1, VTE2, VTE2.5 blade. When the cutting depth is large, the trailing edge of the blade has a large vortex intensity. This may cause the energy loss and lead to the decrease of the efficiency and head. Considering the performance and unsteady pressure pulsation of the two-stage pump, the impeller with VTE1 blade has certain reference significance for engineering application.