bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using clustering of genetic variants in Mendelian randomization to interrogate the causal pathways underlying multimorbidity
Authors: Liang Xiaoran , Mounier Ninon , Apfel Nicolas , Khalid Sara , Frayling Timothy M , Bowden Jack 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMendelian randomization (MR) is an epidemiological approach that utilizes genetic variants as instrumental variables to estimate the causal effect of a modifiable but likely confounded exposure on a health outcome. This paper investigates an MR scenario in which different subsets of genetic variants identify different causal effects. These variants may aggregate into clusters, and such variant clusters are likely to emerge if they affect the exposure and outcome via distinct biological pathways. In the framework of multi-outcome MR, where a common risk factor causally impacts several disease outcomes simultaneously, these variant clusters can reflect the heterogeneous effects this shared risk factor concurrently exerts on all the diseases under examination. This, in turn, can provide insights into the disease-causing mechanisms underpinning the co-occurrence of multiple long-term conditions, a phenomenon known as multimorbidity. To identify such variant clusters, we adapt the general method of Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) to the summary data MR setting, enabling cluster detection based on the variant-specific causal estimates, using only genome-wide summary statistics. In particular, we tailor the method for multi-outcome MR to aid the elucidation of the potentially multifaceted causal pathways underlying multimorbidity stemming from a shared risk factor. We show in various Monte Carlo simulations that our ‘MR-AHC’ method detects variant clusters with high accuracy, outperforming the existing multi-dimensional clustering methods. In an application example, we use the method to analyze the causal effects of high body fat percentage on a pair of well-known multimorbid conditions, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and osteoarthritis (OA), discovering distinct variant clusters reflecting heterogeneous causal effects. Pathway analyses of these variant clusters indicate interconnected cellular processes underlying the co-occurrence of T2D and OA; while the protective effect of higher adiposity on T2D could possibly be linked to the enhanced activity of ion channels related to insulin secretion.
Sustained In Vivo Perfusion of a Re-Endothelialized Tissue Engineered Kidney Graft in a Human-Scale Animal Model
Authors: Uzarski Joseph S. , Beck Emily C. , Russell Emily E. , Vanderslice Ethan J. , Holzner Matthew L. , Wadhera Vikram , Adamson Dylan , Shapiro Ron , Davidow Dominique S. , Ross Jeff J. , Florman Sander S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionDespite progress in whole-organ decellularization and recellularization, maintaining long-term perfusionin vivoremains a hurdle to realizing clinical translation of bioengineered kidney grafts. The objectives for the present study were to define a threshold glucose consumption rate (GCR) that could be used to predictin vivograft hemocompatibility and utilize this threshold to assess thein vivoperformance of clinically relevant decellularized porcine kidney grafts recellularized with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Materials and MethodsTwenty-two porcine kidneys were decellularized and 19 were re-endothelialized using HUVECs. Functional revascularization of control decellularized (n=3) and re-endothelialized porcine kidneys (n=16) was tested using anex vivoporcine blood flow model to define an appropriate metabolic glucose consumption rate (GCR) threshold above which would sustain patent blood flow. Re-endothelialized grafts (n=9) were then transplanted into immunosuppressed pigs with perfusion measured using angiography post-implant and on days 3 and 7 with 3 native kidneys used as controls. Patent recellularized kidney grafts underwent histological analysis following explant.ResultsThe glucose consumption rate of recellularized kidney grafts reached a peak of 41.3±10.2 mg/hour at 21±5 days, at which point the grafts were determined to have sufficient histological vascular coverage with endothelial cells. Based on these results, a minimum glucose consumption rate threshold of 20 mg/hour was set. The revascularized kidneys had a mean perfusion percentage of 87.7±10.3%, 80.9±33.1%, and 68.5±38.6% post-reperfusion on Days 0, 3 and 7, respectively. The 3 native kidneys had a mean post-perfusion percentage of 98.4±1.6%. These results were not statistically significant.ConclusionThis study is the first to demonstrate that human-scale bioengineered porcine kidney grafts developed via perfusion decellularization and subsequent re-endothelialization using HUVEC can maintained patency with consistent blood flow for up to 7 daysin vivo. These results lay the foundation for future research to produce human-scale recellularized kidney grafts for transplantation.
Printing double network tough hydrogels using Temperature-Controlled Projection Stereolithography (TOPS)
Authors: Kunwar Puskal , Andrada Bianca Louise , Poudel Arun , Xiong Zheng , Aryal Ujjwal , Geffert Zachary J , Poudel Sajag , Fougnier Daniel , Gitsov Ivan , Soman Pranav 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report a new method to shape double-network (DN) hydrogels into customized microscale 3D structures that exhibit superior mechanical properties in both tension and compression. A one-pot prepolymer formulation containing photo-cross-linkable acrylamide and thermo-reversible sol-gel κ-carrageenan with a suitable crosslinker, and photo-initiator/absorbers are optimized. A new TOPS system is utilized to photo-polymerize the primary acrylamide network into a 3D structure above the sol-gel transition of κ-carrageenan (80°C), while cooling down generates the secondary physical κ-carrageenan network to realize tough DN hydrogel structures. 3D structures, printed with high lateral (37μm) and vertical (180μm) resolutions and superior 3D design freedoms (internal voids), exhibit ultimate stress and strain of 200 kPa and 2400% respectively under tension, and simultaneously exhibit high compression stress of 15 MPa with a strain of 95%, both with high recovery rates. The roles of swelling, necking, self-healing, cyclic loading, dehydration, and rehydration on the mechanical properties of printed structures are also investigated. To demonstrate the potential of this technology to make mechanically reconfigurable flexible devices, we print an axicon lens and show that a Bessel beam can be dynamically tuned via user-defined tensile stretching of the device. This technique can be broadly applied to other hydrogels to make novel smart multifunctional devices for a range of applications.
A meta-analysis of immune cell fractions at high resolution reveals novel associations with common phenotypes and health outcomes
Authors: Luo Qi , Dwaraka Varun B. , Chen Qingwen , Tong Huige , Zhu Tianyu , Seale Kirsten , Raffaele Joseph M , Zheng Shijie C. , Mendez Tavis L. , Chen Yulu , Begum Sofina , Mendez Kevin , Voisin Sarah , Eynon Nir , Lasky-Su Jessica A. , Smith Ryan , Teschendorff Andrew E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:Changes in cell-type composition of complex tissues are associated with a wide range of diseases, environmental risk factors and may be causally implicated in disease development and progression. However, these shifts in cell-type fractions are often of a low magnitude, or involve similar cell-subtypes, making their reliable identification challenging. DNA methylation profiling in a tissue like blood is a promising approach to discover shifts in cell-type abundance, yet studies have only been performed at a relatively low cellular resolution and in isolation, limiting their power to detect these shifts in tissue composition.Methods:Here we derive a DNA methylation reference matrix for 12 immune cell-types in human blood and extensively validate it with flow-cytometric count data and in whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data of sorted cells. Using this reference matrix and Stouffer’s method, we perform a meta-analysis encompassing 25,629 blood samples from 22 different cohorts, to comprehensively map associations between the 12 immune-cell fractions and common phenotypes, including health outcomes.Results:Our meta-analysis reveals many associations with age, sex, smoking and obesity, many of which we validate with single-cell RNA-sequencing. We discover that T-regulatory and naïve T-cell subsets are higher in women compared to men, whilst the reverse is true for monocyte, natural killer, basophil and eosinophil fractions. In a large subset encompassing 5000 individuals we find associations with stress, exercise, sleep and health outcomes, revealing that naïve T-cell and B-cell fractions are associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality independently of age, sex, race, smoking, obesity and alcohol consumption. We find that decreased natural killer cell counts are associated with smoking, obesity and stress levels, whilst an increased count correlates with exercise, sleep and a reduced risk of all-cause mortality.Conclusions:This work derives and extensively validates a high resolution DNAm reference matrix for blood, and uses it to generate a comprehensive map of associations between immune cell fractions and common phenotypes, including health outcomes.Availability:The 12 immune cell-type DNAm reference matrices for Illumina 850k and 450k beadarrays alongside tools for cell-type fraction estimation are freely available from our EpiDISH Bioconductor R-packagehttp://www.bioconductor.org/packages/devel/bioc/html/EpiDISH.html
Learning Perturbation-specific Cell Representations for Prediction of Transcriptional Response across Cellular Contexts
Authors: Keinan Gal , Sayal Karen , Gonen Alon , Zhu Jiang , Granovsky Lena , England Jeremy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHigh-throughput screens (HTS) are widely utilized to profile transcriptional states across multiple cell types and perturbations, and are often the first step on the bridge to the patient. However, their representative capacity to encompass all the cellular contexts encountered in a patient is limited. Thus, we present PerturbX, a novel deep learning model that leverages the rich information obtained from HTS to predict transcriptional responses to chemical or genetic perturbations in unobserved cellular contexts, and demonstrate its effectiveness in an experimental setting. Further-more, we show that the model is able to uncover interpretable genetic signatures associated with the predicted response, which can ultimately be translated into the clinical setting.
Does organizational resilience matter? Fix it through improvisation!
Authors: Shela V. , Ramayah T. , Ahmad Noor Hazlina 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
This study explores the potential role of improvisation capability in enhancing organizational resilience. Additionally, this paper unravels novel strategies to support the development of organizational improvisation capability.

Design/methodology/approach
An in-depth review of the latest development of organizational resilience and improvisation provided insight into the linkages between the concepts. The current literature gap provides reasons to discuss the latest strategies to foster improvisation capability to amplify organizational resilience.

Findings
This study identifies the pertinent role of improvisation capability in amplifying organizational resilience and discusses various feasible strategies to cultivate organizational improvisation capability.

Originality/value
This research provides valuable insights to help organizations remain resilient in a disruptive environment. The study also offers cutting-edge strategies to nurture improvisation capability as a way forward to drive organizational resilience.
Judge and fury: instrumentality, feedback formats and turnover intention in schools
Authors: Dahle Dag Yngve , Urstad Sivert Skålvoll 
Published: March 2023

PurposeIn the deregulated public sector upper secondary school field in Oslo, Norway, turnover among teachers is found to be high. The purpose is to examine whether instrumental practices like control-oriented HRM, performance appraisal and heteronomy directly or indirectly lead to turnover intention, as a crucial pre-stage to turnover. Another purpose is to examine whether this varies with feedback format.Design/methodology/approachThe present study is based on a survey (N = 1,055) carried out among upper secondary school teachers in Norway. Data were analyzed with path analysis, and mediation and moderation analyses were performed.FindingsThe study shows that control-oriented HRM, PA dissatisfaction and heteronomy are antecedents to turnover intention for teachers receiving feedback in three different feedback formats. The effect of control-oriented HRM and PA dissatisfaction on turnover intention was generally not stronger among numerically rated than among those rated otherwise. For most feedback format groups, leader–member exchange mediated between turnover intention and PA dissatisfaction and heteronomy, respectively, but not between turnover intention and control-oriented HRM. For teachers rated with text, figures or colors, LMX moderated between control-oriented HRM and turnover intention.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper advances that introduction of instrumental practices will be seen as breaches of the psychological contract, but this does not apply to all feedback format groups, for example those receiving numerically rating. Limitations involve self-reported measures, direction of causality issues and a relatively low sample size for some groups.Practical implicationsPractitioners should note that both control-oriented HRM, performance appraisal and little autonomy may cause teachers to consider leaving their jobs. Practitioners should also be aware of the importance of the relationship between employee and leader, as negative responses to instrumentality may work through the leader–employee relationship, leading to turnover intention and, possibly, turnover.Originality/valueThe present study is among the first to examine whether and how antecedents to turnover intention vary with feedback format. A rare interaction between HRM and LMX is uncovered. Few other studies have analyzed the relationship between instrumental practices and turnover intention in light of psychological contract theory.
Strategic foresight of entrepreneurial firms in energy transition
Authors: Datta Deepmalya , Joshi Manoj , Gandhi Meenakshi 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the principal research query and whether strategic foresight deployed by entrepreneurial firms in energy transition aims at crafting future readiness.

Design/methodology/approach
With a focus on entrepreneurial firms working in the alternative energy segment in the Indian context, the intent is to examine the deployment of strategic foresight by incumbent firms and their entrepreneurial journey. The authors have adopted the approach of Eisenhardt for this research. The area of interest for the authors entailing strategic foresight by entrepreneurial firms in energy transition aligns with defining features reflecting the aim of Eisenhardt method for this exploratory research coupled with constructivism.

Findings
While the future scenarios in the energy sector have to be necessarily multiple, their alignment with different geographic, economic, demographic and political outlooks shall be defined by the pathways niched through the deployment of strategic foresight for arriving at those scenarios.

Research limitations/implications
Strategic foresight deployed by entrepreneurial firms has the potential to create future readiness through self-reliant sustainable economic value chains for local populace, thus propagating holistic development in remote regions.

Originality/value
This paper attempts to knit together the domains of strategic foresight, entrepreneurial firms and energy transition through case research and present the future thinking deployed for navigation in uncharted pathways by capturing the foresight component of these incumbent firms chosen through careful case selection. The narrative has been strengthened by the varied interviews across participants and the observations made by the authors during the research work.
Social media branding in the food industry: comparing B2B and B2C companies’ use of sustainability messaging on Twitter
Authors: Garner Benjamin , Mady Ashraf 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Supply chains are under increased scrutiny as consumers have become aware of the dark side of downstream production practices. Many articles and exposés have led consumers to be more conscious of purchasing products from companies who source materials in a socially responsible and ethical manner. As a result, business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumers (B2C) companies are under increased pressure to source raw materials in a transparent and ethical way. Because of the associated costs, companies then look to benefit from increased brand equity by promoting to consumers how ethical their products are. The purpose of this study is to look at the case of the food industry to analyze sustainability messaging on Twitter in both B2B and B2C companies to determine which of the dimensions of sustainability (people, profit, planet) are being emphasized.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, two published dictionaries were combined to capture the three dimensions of “sustainability,” and these scales were then used to analyze Twitter posts. This study created a unique software package to classify, mine, collect and analyze Twitter data. This study used these tools to analyze 246,386 Twitter posts within a sample of 39 leading B2C and B2B food companies over a 10-year period (2012–2021) to explore brand messaging and engagement rate.

Findings
This research revealed several interesting results. These include how B2B companies have emphasized the employee (people) dimensions of sustainability, while B2C companies have had a more balanced approach that overall has prioritized the economic dimension (profit) of sustainability. The data on audience engagement revealed a mismatch between the types of sustainability messaging B2B companies and B2C companies in the food industry are posting and what engages audiences.

Originality/value
This study fills several gaps, including analyzing how B2B and B2C companies use sustainability language in their social media brand management, as well as looking at which dimensions of sustainability they emphasize and which ones engage audiences the most. This research is also novel in combining multiple existing scales under one project to analyze the triple bottom line in the analysis of qualitative texts.
A bibliometric analysis and text mining of the entrepreneurial marketing domain: emerging trends and future research directions
Authors: Amjad Tayyab , Dent Michael M. , Abu Mansor Nur Naha 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The entrepreneurial marketing (EM) literature has grown rapidly during the last decade, yet much is left undiscovered. This paper aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis and text mining of the EM domain to provide trends in previous EM research to address this issue. Future avenues for EM research are provided.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the Scopus database, a bibliometric analysis and text mining are conducted with EM articles published between 1976 and 2020.

Findings
The paper reports the most frequently published and cited authors and their co-author networks. Journals which contain these articles are included with country data, subject areas and use of author keywords related to the EM topic. Frequencies of keywords and newly-emerging keywords in every three-year period during the past 12 years are also examined. The findings suggest that future researchers should explore the subtopics of EM education, legitimation, entrepreneurial networking and social media/digital marketing within the EM domain.

Originality/value
Bibliometric analysis and text mining are relatively new methods with which to study the EM research domain, allowing for analysis of emerging trends over the past 12 years.
Mass tourism, biosecurity and sustainability challenges: prospects illustrated by the current COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sacramento Octávio 
Published: March 2023

PurposeUsing COVID-19 pandemic as a more immediate empirical reference, this paper aims to understand the biosecurity risks arising from tourist activities and, through a more prospective analysis, to consider the relevance of public health issues in the context of tourism-sustainability nexuses.Design/methodology/approachThe text assumes a hybrid format, incorporating elements resulting from empirical research and essayistic viewpoints. The collection of empirical elements was based on documental research in several sources, such as newspapers, international institutions of an intergovernmental nature and the discussion forum of the travel platform TripAdvisor.FindingsBy assuming mobility and large agglomerations of people from different origins, mass tourism has fostered multiple outbreaks of COVID-19 and the rapid global spread of contagion chains. The pandemic clearly exemplified the responsibility of tourism in the dispersion of biotic agents with severe ecological, economic, social and public health repercussions. It is, therefore, urgent to rethink the tourism growth trajectory and more effectively consider the biosecurity risks associated with mobility in discussions on tourism and sustainability. At the same time, tourism must be delineated in terms of the great aims of sustainability, and this transversal purpose to which it contributes should be considered an intrinsic condition of its own sectorial sustainability as an economic activity.Originality/valueThe biosecurity challenges posed by mass tourism are a very topical issue, still little considered in sustainability policies and on which there is a marked deficit in scientific research.
Success factors of organizational resilience: a qualitative investigation of four types of sustainable digital entrepreneurs
Authors: Isensee Carmen , Teuteberg Frank , Griese Kai Michael 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to distinguish different types of sustainable digital entrepreneurs (SDEs) and explore their approaches toward enhancing organizational resilience.Design/methodology/approachInvestigation of entrepreneur characteristics using Grounded Theory methodology; 12 semi-structured telephone interviews with (owner-)managers of digital-resilient small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and start-ups in Germany; adaptation of a sustainability-digitalization-matrix for initial clustering; investigation of reoccurring patterns (within and between clusters) through variable-oriented content analysis; application of the capability-based conceptualization of organizational resilience for synthesis and extension.FindingsFirst, the authors present a new typology of SDEs, including descriptions of the four main types (Process-Oriented System Thinker, Unconventional Strategist, Dynamic Visionary and Success-Oriented Opportunist). Second, the authors propose a conceptual framework with six success factors of organizational resilience. The framework accentuates the influence of SDEs on organizational culture and the macro-environment.Practical implicationsDigital sustainability and resilience are emerging management principles. The insights gained will allow (future) entrepreneurs to perform a self-assessment and replicate approaches toward enhancing SME resilience; for example, governing the co-creation of an organizational culture with a strong integrative view on sustainability and digitalization.Originality/valueSMEs are characterized by high vulnerability and a reactive response to the disruptions caused by sustainability crises and digitalization. Blending sustainable and digital entrepreneurship at a micro-level, the authors identified the success factors underpinning organizational resilience that are associated with the characteristics of four types of SDEs.