bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Subcarinal Angle and Tracheobronchial Morphology in Patients with COVID 19: A Retrospective Computed Tomography Study
Authors: ATEŞOĞLU KARABAŞ Sibel , ÇİFTÇİ Rukiye , ER ULUBABA Hilal , YOLDAŞ Atila 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Morphological features of the trachea are very important in choosing the correct endotracheal tube size for intubation. In this study, it was proposed to reveal the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on tracheobronchial morphology and subcarinal angle.
Method: 56 (26 female, 30 male) COVID-19 and 48 (24 female, 24 male) healthy individuals aged 40 and over were included in the study. The mean age of female patients with COVID-19 was 51.30±12.78 years, while the women in the control group were 45.00±11.89 years. The mean age of male patients with COVID-19 was 48.73±13.99 years, while the mean age of men in the control group was 43.76±8.45 years. The trachea length (TL), proximal, middle and distal levels anteroposterior (AP) and transverse (TR) trachea diameters (TD), subcarinal angle (SA), proximal right main bronchus (RMB) and left main bronchus (LMB) diameters were also measured on computed tomography (CT) images.
Results: The RMB angle was higher in men with COVID-19 than in the control group (p=0.005). TL was lower in women with COVID-19 than in the control group (p=0.030). Proximal AP-TD was higher in men with COVID-19 than in the control group (p=0.006). Proximal TR-TD was lower in men with COVID-19 than in the control group (p=0.029). TL, proximal, middle, and distal levels of AP and TR-TD,SA, RMB, and LMB angles, and proximal RMB and LMB diameters were found to be lower in women with COVID-19 than in men with COVID-19 (p=0.001).
Conclusion: It was deduced that tracheobronchial morphology might change in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.It is clinically important that this situation should not be overlooked, especially in the indication of endotracheal intubation.
Control of malting barley Fusarium head blight by bioagents
Authors: Gazdík Zbyněk , Vymětal Tomáš , Koprna Radoslav , Lojková Lea , Cerkal Radim 
Published: June 2023

The routine and prophylactic use of fungicides in cereals leads to increased aggressiveness of Fusarium infections. Cross-resistance to triazole compounds represents a significant health risk to both plants and humans. The application of some widely used fungicides causes increased production of DON. Residual concentrations of hydrophobic triazoles change chemical profile of malt and cause delayed fermentation with an impact on alcohol content. Increasing legislative restrictions of pesticide applications encourage the search for alternatives, starting with the overview of current state of knowledge on biological protection against Fusarium spp. Despite the fact that bioagents have been researched intensively, including field applications and several registrations, biological preparations for disease control against Fusarium head blight (FHB) of malting barley are not used on a mass scale. Generally, bioagents appear to be quite sensitive to environmental changes and soil variability, which causes problems with the evaluation of their effectiveness under field conditions. For efficient disease control of malting barley, the application based on biopreparations registered against FHB combined with weather prediction system can be recommended. With an emphasis on the occurrence of Fusarium graminearum as a key producer of deoxynivalenol (DON), the prediction system for malting barley should be employed from plant emerging to milk stage. When predicting a high incidence of the pathogen, chemical intervention must be considered. However, repeated application of bioagents in field conditions together with the implementation of bioagents directly into the malting process proved to be a promising way to decrease chemical interventions from the cultivation of malting barley.
Traducciones, reflexión metatraductora y lingüística: una propuesta
Authors: Lozano Miralles Helena 
Published: June 2023

En este ensayo reflexionaré sobre algunos ejemplos de mi actividad como traductora guiada por las siguientes preguntas: puesto que las traducciones suelen ampliar los límites de la lengua, ¿podemos considerar el aporte de los textos traducidos para una investigación sistemática de la lengua? Y entonces, ¿es importante para el estudio de la lengua la reflexión metatraductora y metalingüística de los traductores? Para responder a estas preguntas, consideraré la naturaleza de la traducción y de la escritura como dos operaciones gemelas, y tras mencionar sintética y esencialmente la teoría que guía mis decisiones traductoras, me demoraré sobre algunos ejemplos relativos al uso “creativo” de tiempos verbales en mis traducciones de La isla del día de antes (1995) y La misteriosa llama de la reina Loana (2005) de Umberto Eco.
The Role of Photo Editing in Instagram Towards the Body Image Among Female Teenagers
Authors: Maharani Baiq Muthia , Hawa Bella Cita Nanda , Devita Putri Tasya 
Published: June 2023

The use of social media among teenagers, such as Instagram, has influenced how they perceive their own bodies. This study aimed to find out the role of photo editing among female teenagers in affecting their body image. The study has applied a descriptive qualitative approach. The data were collected through interviews with the selected informants, i.e. female teenagers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, that using Instagram and photo editing applications, with a range of age 12-18 years old. This study finds that the most important motivation for sharing the photos is showing the best of body image according to certain socially constructed standards. Some teenagers have positive self-concept and are more confident in sharing their photos without any editing processes. While some others feel dissatisfaction with their body image, find insecure and afraid of negative comments, and in turn need to edit their photos before uploading to Instagram. Keywords: body image, female teenager, photo editing, insecure, Instagram.
Enhancement of corrosion protection of metal carbon steel C45 and stainless steel 316 by using inhibitor (Schiff base) in sea water
Authors: Raheema Mazin Hasan , Khudhair Noor Ali , AL-Noor Taghreed H. , Al-Ayash Salam R , Kharnoob Hussian H. , Obed Shatha M. H. 
Published: June 2023

This research has presented a solution to the problem faced by alloys: the corrosion problem, by reducing corrosion and enhancing protection by using an inhibitor (Schiff base). The inhibitor (Schiff base) was synthesized by reacting of the substrates materials (4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and 4-aminoantipyrine). It was diagnosed by infrared technology IR, where the IR spectrum and through the visible beams proved that the Schiff base was well formed and with high purity. The corrosion behavior of carbon steel and stainless steel in a saline medium (artificial seawater 3.5%NaCl) before and after using the inhibitor at four temperatures: 20, 30, 40, and 50 C° was studied by using three electrodes potentiostat. The corrosion behavior was studied by cathode and anode polarization through which all corrosion parameters were investigated which include: corrosion current icorr (1341× 10-7- 5393 × 10-9A/cm2), corrosion potential Ecorr (-1.031- -0.227 mV vs SCE) , corrosion rates CR (0.658-0.007 mm.y-1), inhibition efficiency %IE (92-98%), and energy activation barriers Ea (4.709-26.733 kJ/mole). The thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the corrosion behavior of these two metals under study, which include: enthalpy ∆H*(2.153-24.176 kJ/mole), entropy ∆S*(-197 -156 J/mole), and free Gibbs energy ∆G*(59.87-74.56 kJ/mole) before and after using the inhibitor, were also studied.
Treatment of Dairy Wastewater by Electrocoagulation using Iron Filings Electrodes
Authors: Ahmed Ali W. , Atiya Mohamed A. , M-Ridha Mohanad J. 
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the treatment of dairy wastewater using the electrocoagulation method with iron filings as electrodes. The study dealt with real samples collected from local factory for dairy products in Baghdad. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize five experimental variables at six levels for each variable, for estimating chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency. These variables were the distance between electrodes, detention time, dosage of NaCl as electrolyte, initial COD concentration, and current density. RSM was investigated the direct and complex interaction effects between parameters to estimate the optimum values. The respective optimum value was 1 cm for the distance between electrodes, (60 – 120) min for detention time, 250 mg NaCl/L added, C0/6 = 5,775 mg COD/L as initial COD concentration, and 7.884 - 8.077 mA/cm2 as current provided. At the optimum parameter values, the optimum COD removal efﬁciency was 73.4%. Meanwhile, the study also performed removal efficiency for nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) due to their effects on the aquatic life and systems. The optimum removal efficiency for phosphorus and nitrogen was 98.0% and 80.3%, respectively. Due to its effects on the environment and to comply with local legislations, treating these wastewaters using eco-friendly processes was highly recommended taking in consideration the economic feasibility, flexibility and easiness to operate. In addition, the study proved that the high surface area for iron filings played a crucial role in removing process.
The Effect of Casing Ovality on Fracture Plug Sealing Element Performance
Authors: Yoshida H. , Jafri S. , Okura M. , Takahashi S. , Li W. 
Published: June 2023

Summary
Sealing elements (SEs) of fracture plugs have crucial roles to isolate target zones of a well in hydraulic fracturing. If the zonal isolation by the SE is not adequate, it can result in erosion of the casing. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the effect of casing deformation on sealing performance is not well researched or understood. To study the effect of casing deformation on sealing performance, finite element analysis (FEA) of SEs in oval casings was conducted in this study. Finite element simulation of a degradable fracture plug with three different casings ovalities (0%, 2%, and 5%) and three different SE designs (O-ring type, short type, and traditional long type) was conducted to evaluate deformation behavior and sealing performance of SEs in deformed casings. Contact pressure (CPRESS) on the casing by the SE after the plug was set in the casing and the risk of leakage were discussed and compared for each design. In the casing with 0% ovality, all the SE designs established contact with the inner surface of the casing when setting force was applied. However, for the O-ring-type design, the area in contact with the casing was small and it may result in leak and erosion in the actual well if there is a small dent or deformation on the casing. When there is ovality in the casing, the minor inside diameter (ID) has a smaller ID and the major ID has a larger ID compared to the nominal ID of the casing. In the casing with 2% and 5% ovality, neither O-ring-type SE (O-SE) nor short-type SE (S-SE) could contact the major ID of the casing and there was a gap between the inner surface of the casing and the SE. This gap can cause erosion of the fracture plug and casing when the fluid passes through the gap. In contrast, the traditional long-type SE (L-SE) contacted both major and minor IDs of the casing, and no gap was observed. This result indicates that there is a potential risk of insufficient isolation of target zones and erosion of casings in actual well conditions if fracture plugs with S-SEs are used. Because there are various types of fracture plugs with different SE designs, this study helps to select proper fracture plugs with good SE design and mitigate the risk of erosion of casings and plugs. As this study is based on FEA simulations, future demonstrations through experiments and field trials are needed.
Connected speech features in non-English speakers with Alzheimer’s Disease: protocol for scoping review
Authors: Bose Arpita , Ahmed Samrah , Cheng Yesi , Gonzalez Aida Suarez 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: A large body of literature indicates that connected speech profiles in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) can be utilized for diagnosis, disease monitoring and for developing communication strategies for patients. Most connected speech research has been conducted in English, with little work in some European languages. Therefore, significant drawback remains with respect to the diversity of languages studied, and how the fragmentation of linguistic features differs across languages in AD. Accordingly, existing reviews on connected speech in AD has focused on findings from English-speaking patients; none have specifically focused on linguistic diversity of AD populations. This scoping review is undertaken to provide the currently reported characteristics of connected speech in AD in languages other than English. It also seeks to identify the type of assessments, methods to elicit speech samples, type of analysis and linguistic frameworks used, and micro- and macro-linguistic features of speech reported in non-English speakers with AD.
Method: We will searchPubMed, Ovid-Embase, PsycINFO, Linguistic and Language Behaviour Abstracts (LLBA), and Web of Science up until October 2022, for quantitative studies on connected speech and AD in languages other than English. Findings will be mapped and described according to the languages studied, methodology employed (e.g., patient characteristics, tasks used, linguistic analysis framework utilized), and connected speech profiles derived (e.g., micro- and macro-linguistic reported).
Discussion: The scoping review will provide an overview of languages studied in connected speech research in AD with variation in linguistic features across languages, thus allowing comparison with the established the key features that distinguish AD patients from healthy controls. The findings will inform future research in connected speech in different languages to facilitate robust connected speech research in linguistically and ethnically diverse populations.
Risk factors of thrombosis in Chinese subjects with myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: han hao , sun xiaoxing , ge hongfeng , feng jiangzhou 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS)) is a common hematological malignancy. Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome combined with thrombosis have been encounter in clinical practice. However, the incidence of thrombosis and the risk factors of thrombosis related to Chinese MDS patients are not fully understood.
Materials and Methods: Clinical data from a total of 133 Chinese MDS patients with were studied and analyzed.
Results:The study population consisted of 133 patients with primary diagnosis of MDS，69(52%) males and 64 (48%) females ,range 47–81 years. In terms of gender ratio (P = 0.68), age (P = 0.82), white blood cell count (P = 0.87), hemoglobin (P = 0.78), platelet count (P = 0.83), and IPSS-R risk stratification, there was no significant difference between the two groups. PAI-1 4G4G showed significant differences between the two groups(P=0.0009), suggesting a thrombotic risk factor. There was significant difference between the two groups in SF3B1 mutations. In ASXL1(P = 0 .6)、BCOR(P = 0 .66)、EZH2(P = 0 .66) and SRSF2(P = 0 .6) there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups.In either group, STAG2, U2AF1 and ZRSR2 were not mutated, so no statistical analysis could be conducted.
Conclusion: The incidence of venous thrombosis in primary MDS in China is 5.26%. SF3B1 mutations and PAI-1 gene 4G4G are associated with thrombotic events in Chinese MDS patients.
Enhancing Control of Dynamic Flow Systems Through Innovator Controller Design and Parametric Polynomial Modeling
Authors: YILMAZ Serdar , Sedef Herman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This research employs parametric polynomial techniques to determine the parameters of a dynamic fluid control system. The process of system identification involves constructing a mathematical model of a dynamic system using measured data in the time or frequency domain. The approach involves fitting a polynomial function to the input-output data, with the polynomial parameters representing the unknown parameters of the system. The objective is to estimate these parameters in order to control the system effectively. In this study, aortic, femoral, iliac, carotid, and coronary artery signals were utilized in modeling and testing studies of the flow system during parametric model studies, as the system forms the basis for hemodynamic research. The Autoregressive model with external input (ARX), Autoregressive moving average model with external input (ARMAX), Box-Jenkins (BJ), Output-Error (OE), and State Space Model (SSM) parametric models were utilized in the modeling process, and the transfer function of the most successful parametric model was calculated in the mathematical performance analysis. Flow control devices such as the AC motor and centrifugal pump were employed. The transfer function that exhibited the most successful performance was used in observer design as the Luenberger Controller. An innovative closed-loop control system was achieved using the Luenberger structure.
Convergence of the Laplace and the alternative multipole expansion approximation series for the Coulomb potential
Authors: Jobunga E. O. , Wandera C. O. , Okeyo O. S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Multipole expansion is a powerful technique used in many-body physics to solve dynamical problems involving correlated interactions between constituent particles. The Laplace multipole expansion series of the Coulomb potential is well established in literature. We compare it with our recently developed perturbative and analytical alternative multipole expansion series of the Coulomb potential. In our working, we confirm that the Laplace and the alternative analytical multipole expansion series are equivalent as expected. In terms of performance, the perturbative alternative multipole expansion series underapproximate the expected results to some extent while the Laplace and the analytical alternative multipole expansion series yield results which are relatively accurate but oscillatory in nature even with a higher number of angular momentum terms employed. Our findings are likely to be useful in the treatment of the Coulomb potential in electronic structure calculations as well as in celestial mechanics.
Ag3PO4 Nanoparticles Enable the Generation of Long-lived Radical Cations for Visible Light-Driven [2+2] and [4+2] Pericyclic Reactions
Authors: Guo Lirong , Chu Rongchen , Hao Xinyu , Lei Yu , Li Haibin , Ma Dongge , Wang Guo , Tung Chen-Ho , Wang Yifeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Photocatalytic redox is an important method for synthesizing fine chemicals from olefins, but the limited lifetime of radical cation intermediates severely restricts semiconductor photocatalysis efficiency. Here we report that Ag3PO4 nanoparticles (NPs) can efficiently catalyze intramolecular and intermolecular [2+2] and Diels-Alder cycloadditions under visible-light irradiation. The approach is additive-free, catalyst-recyclable, and can be scaled up using sunlight. Mechanistic studies indicate that visible-light irradiation on Ag3PO4 NPs generates holes with high oxidation power, which effectively oxidize styrene adsorbates into radical cations. In photoreduced NPs, the conduction band electron (eCB−) has low reduction power due to the delocalization among the Ag+-lattices, while the NP surfaces have a strong electrostatic interaction with the radical cations, which considerably stabilize the radical cations against recombination with eCB−. Anethole radical cation on the NP’s surfaces has a lifetime of several hours, 108 times longer than in the homogeneous systems. The reaction between an adsorbed styrene molecule and a radical cation, the rate-limiting step, is greatly accelerated. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of inorganic semiconductors for challenging radical cation-mediated synthesis driven by sunlight.
How can along-track accelerations be used to predict global and multi-level thermospheric neutral density?
Authors: Forootan Ehsan , Farzaneh Saeed , Kosary Mona , Borries Claudia , Kodikara Timothy , Schumacher Maike 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Estimating global and multi-level Thermosphere Neutral Density (TND) is important for studying coupling processes within the upper atmosphere, and for applications like orbit prediction. Available models fall short in predicting realistic TND changes due to the simplicity of model structure or sampling limitations. In this study, a simultaneous Calibration and Data Assimilation (C/DA) algorithm is applied to integrate freely available CHAMP, GRACE, and Swarm derived TND measurements into the NRLMSISE-00 model. The improved model, called `C/DA-NRLMSISE-00', and its outputs fit to these measured TNDs, are used to produce global TND fields at arbitrary altitudes (with the same vertical coverage as the NRLMSISE-00). Seven periods, between 2003-2020 that are associated with relatively high geomagnetic activity selected to investigate these fields, within which available models represent difficulties to provide reasonable TND estimates. Independent validations are performed with along-track TNDs that were not used within the C/DA framework, as well as with the outputs of other models such as the Jacchia-Bowman 2008 and the High Accuracy Satellite Drag Model. The numerical results indicate an average 52%, 50%, 56%, 25%, 47%, 54%, and 63% improvement in the Root Mean Squared Errors of the short term TND forecasts of C/DA-NRLMSISE00 compared to the along-track TND estimates of GRACE (2003, altitude 490 km), GRACE (2004, altitude 486 km), CHAMP (2008, altitude 343 km), GOCE (2010, altitude 270 km), Swarm-B (2015, altitude 520 km), Swarm-B (2017, altitude 514 km), and Swarm-B (2020, altitude 512 km), respectively.
Influencing factors of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospice care practitioners in Guangxi, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Lin , Pan Qini , Tao Pinyue , Pan Xiao , Li Xiaohong , Lu Shuangli , Huang Huiqiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The practitioners in China who implement hospice care service include doctors, nurses, and care workers, they play an important role in the holistic care of end-stage patients and their families. This study is to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of hospice care practitioners and analyze its influencing factors.
Methods
Using the social-demographic questionnaire and a self-designed Chinese version scale of hospice care practitioners’ knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP scale). A total of 1821 hospice care practitioners were completed a survey from May 2022 to July 2022. Data were analyzed by using descriptive, univariate analysis and multiple linear regression.
Results
The mean score of the KAP scale of 1821 hospice care practitioners was 74.31 (SD = 8.14), the individual mean score of knowledge, attitude and practices were 76.42 (SD = 28.13), 73.43 (SD = 13.15), 58.31 (SD = 12.22), respectively. Our final multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the main influencing factors of KAP score were education, monthly income, frequency of Hospice care training, job satisfaction, practitioners’ physical condition, Hospice care-related system.
Conclusions
Hospice care practitioners in this study displayed moderate mean scores for both knowledge and practices, and a less favorable attitude towards hospice care. Monthly income, job satisfaction and Hospice care-related system were the common influencing factors of Hospice care practitioners’ knowledge, attitude, and practices. The results suggested that the necessity to strengthen professional training for hospice care practitioners and increasing their welfare&benefit, besides, improve indigenous policies of hospice care should be particularly focused on.