bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large‐scale human celebrations increase global light pollution
Authors: Ramírez Francisco , Cordón Yago , García Diego , Rodríguez Airam , Coll Marta , Davis Lloyd S. , Chiaradia Andre , Carrasco Josep L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Culturally dependent human social behaviours involving artificial light usage can potentially affect light pollution patterns and thereby impact the night‐time ecology in populated areas, although to date this has not been examined globally.

By analysing continuous (monthly), highly resolved, spatially explicit data on global night lights (Visible and Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite–Day/Night Band‐VIIRS‐DNB; 2014–2019) with circular statistical techniques, we evaluated whether macro‐cultural activities involving social aggregations and the use of artificial lights shape annual lighting patterns globally.

Scheduled routines associated with cultural‐specific festivities appear to be important drivers of observed seasonal patterns in urban night‐time lights. For instance, the display of Christmas lights between Christmas and Epiphany Day celebrations (December–January) coincides with the annual peak in urban night‐time light intensity in Christian countries. Analogously, night celebrations during the Holy Month of Ramadam (from May to July) or the month‐long period of Karthika Masam (from October to November) fits with annual night light peaks in Muslim and Hindu countries. Annual peaks of urban light intensity in China and Vietnam also match with Chinese and Vietnamese (Tê't) New Year celebrations (January–February). In contrast, predominantly Buddhist countries, which do not have such prominent and prolonged celebrations involving artificial lights, show a relatively uniform distribution of night light peaks throughout the annual cycle.

Social behaviour and sociocultural contexts help explain how people modify the global nightscape and contribute to light pollution globally. Understanding the cultural contexts responsible for peaks in artificial light usage is an important first step if humans are to mitigate any deleterious effects associated with global increases in night‐time light pollution.

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Impedance matching optimization of hierarchical carbon fiber@MoS2@PANI nanocomposite with core‐sheath structure for achieving excellent microwave absorption
Authors: Hu Wei , Zhou Meng , Fu Heqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCarbon fiber (CF) has been extensively used in the research of microwave absorption owning to its excellent performance, but it also faces a series of problems such as impedance mismatch and low absorption intensity. The core‐sheath microstructure with CF as the inner core is constructed to solve the above issues by the introduction of other sheath layers. In this work, the MoS2 sheath and polyaniline (PANI) sheath are successively introduced into the CF matrix to obtain a hierarchical CF@MoS2@PANI nanocomposite with core‐sheath structure through a straightforward hydrothermal method and in‐situ polymerization. The obtained CF@MoS2@PANI nanocomposite exhibit the minimum reflection loss value of −42.23 dB at 10.11 GHz while the thickness is 2.5 mm, much higher than those of pure CF (below −10 dB) and CF@MoS2 nanocomposite (−25.60 dB). Moreover, the distinctive hierarchical core‐sheath structure contributes to providing more active sites, prolonging the transmission path of electromagnetic waves, and forming heterogeneous interfaces. Consequently, the electromagnetic wave attenuation mechanism of CF@MoS2@PANI nanocomposite is attributed to a synergistic effect of conductive loss, multiple reflection/scattering, dipole polarization, and interface polarization. This work offers an effective and promising strategy to design a three‐dimensional hierarchical core‐sheath microstructure for the development of composite absorbers.
An anti‐abrasion sandwich structured membrane for highly efficient oil/water separation
Authors: Xiao Qian‐Ru , Sun Si 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnimal oils would not only pollute the water but also block the sewer. Using hydrophilic membrane is an effective approach for oil/water separation. However, abrasion would cause the damage of the membrane and shorten their service life. In this work, we prepared a sandwich structured oil/water separation membrane (SSM) with two layers of cotton fabric and a core layer of PAM modified stainless‐steel mesh via a cost‐effective and facile process. The as‐prepared membrane can selectively separate water from oil/water mixtures with high efficiency, high flux (beyond 6000 L m−2 h−1), and good reusability. Moreover, as compared with hydrogel coated mesh, the SSM exhibited good abrasion resistance, which would effectively improve the usability in real scenarios. More importantly, the SSM has successfully blocked the oil in a simulated sewer and a real sewer in the kitchen, which will help prevent sewer blockage.
Integrated longitudinal circulating tumor DNA profiling predicts immunotherapy response of metastatic urothelial carcinoma in the POLARIS‐03 trial
Authors: Zang Jingyu , Zhang Ruiyun , Jin Di , Xie Feng , Shahatiaili Akezhouli , Wu Guangyu , Zhang Yue , Zhao Zhixin , Du Pan , Jia Shidong , Chen Haige , Zhuang Guanglei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNon‐invasive biomarkers for immunotherapy response remain a compelling unmet medical need. POLARIS‐03 is a multicenter phase II trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of toripalimab (anti‐programmed cell death 1) in refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). We assessed the predictive utility of longitudinal circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis from a single‐institution biomarker cohort. Twenty‐seven mUC patients receiving toripalimab (3 mg/kg Q2W) at Ren Ji Hospital were enrolled. Serial plasma specimens were obtained at baseline and then every two cycles during treatment. The 600‐gene panel (PredicineATLAS™) liquid biopsy assay was applied to probe somatic variants and cancer cell fraction (CCF). Low‐pass whole genome sequencing was used to determine the copy number abnormality (CNA) score. Across the entire cohort, we observed different degrees of concordance between somatic aberrations detected by ctDNA and those inferred by matched tumor samples. Although the baseline CCF or CNA had limited predictive value, early ctDNA response at week 8 was associated with toripalimab efficacy and prolonged patient survival. Integrating CCF and CNA decrease achieved a superior accuracy of 90.5% in classifying responders and non‐responders and predicted long‐term benefit from toripalimab. Dynamic changes in the CCF and CNA in blood exquisitely reflected radiographic assessment of malignant lesions, including those with FGFR3–TACC3 gene fusion or microsatellite instability. This study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of integrated longitudinal ctDNA profiling as a potential biomarker in mUC patients undergoing immunotherapy and supports further clinical evaluation of minimally invasive liquid biopsy assays for treatment stratification and therapy monitoring. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Improving quality of pediatric onco‐critical care: A 2‐year experience using PROACTIVE at a cancer center in Jordan
Authors: Abutineh Farris , Zebin Zebin Al , Obeidat Sakher , Kafisheh Dina , Sakaan Firas M. , Puerto‐Torres Maria , Agulnik Asya , Arias Anita V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPROACTIVE (PediatRic Oncology cApaCity Assessment Tool for IntensiVe CarE) is a consensus‐derived tool that evaluates pediatric onco‐critical care (POCC) services and identifies gaps amenable to improvement. King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), an oncology hospital in Jordan, completed PROACTIVE in 2021 and 2022. We evaluated PROACTIVE's ability to identify gaps and improve POCC services at KHCC by analyzing score changes and interviewing site leaders to understand mechanisms of improvement. Results identified three types of outcomes: direct (e.g., improved multidisciplinary communication), indirect (e.g., guidelines implementation), and other outcomes unrelated to PROACTIVE (e.g., funding mechanisms). PROACTIVE can assist institutions strengthen and monitor POCC services over time.
Enhanced proton conductivity of SPEEK membranes by constructing hydrogen bond network through doping ionic liquid and graphene oxide
Authors: Lv Xueyan , Qu Shuguo , Sun Lijun , Ding Luyang , Duan Jihai , Wang Weiwen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSo as to improve proton conductivity at medium temperatures while reducing the loss of ionic liquids (ILs), this article fabricated a series of hybrid membranes with sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) as their base material, 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM][Cl]) as their primary proton conductor, and graphene oxide (GO) as their filler. The characterization results showed that the –SO3H groups of SPEEK formed acid–base pairs with the imidazole ring of [AMIM][Cl] at the interface where electrostatic attraction inhibited the main‐chain migration of the SPEEK. At the same time, the large hydrogen bond network formed between [AMIM][Cl], GO and SPEEK provided more jump sites for proton transfer. Proton conduction of the prepared membranes was enhanced by way of low potential energy barriers. At 120°C, SPEEK/IL/GO‐2% exhibited a proton conductivity of 21.35 mS/cm, and the IL loss rate was 20.17%. The characterization results demonstrated that the prepared SPEEK/IL/GO composite membranes had excellent physicochemical properties, dimensional stability, high proton conductivity, and low IL loss, which were expected to be used in practical conditions at medium temperature.Highlights
Large hydrogen bonding network provides additional proton hopping sites.
Physical cross‐linking limits the leaching of ionic liquid.
SPEEK/IL/GO‐2% membrane achieves a conductivity of 21.35 mS/cm at 120°C.
Phosphorus‐containing hyperbranched polysiloxanes intercalated graphene oxide and their flame retardant effect on epoxy resin
Authors: Zhang Zhongzhou , Yin Qichen , Liu Yuhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntrinsic flammability significantly impedes practical applications of epoxy (EP), despite many merits. Intercalation‐functionalized graphene oxide (GO) has shown excellent performance in flame retardancy studies of polymers, but research investigating the effect of layer spacing on the flame‐retardant performance of polymers is still lacking so far. Therefore, three GO flame retardants with different layer spacing were prepared to flame retardant EP. When the layer spacing of GO is 1.09 nm, the heat and smoke release from EP composites is effectively suppressed. This is attributed to the barrier effect and maze effect of GO as well as the synergistic effect between the intercalator and GO. Analysis shows that the layer spacing of GO affects the flame retardancy of the composite by influencing the formation of protective char layer.
Autonomic dysfunction in dementia with Lewy bodies: Focusing on cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction
Authors: Mizukami Katsuyoshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. The disease is characterized by many Lewy bodies appearing in the patient's cerebrum. DLB frequently presents with a variety of autonomic symptoms from the early or prodromal stages of the disease, and these are listed as supportive features in the diagnostic criteria. As several useful assessment methods for evaluating autonomic function in DLB have been reported, this review will focus on cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction and its assessments. Cardiovascular disorders, such as orthostatic hypotension and abnormal heart rate variability, have been reported in DLB patients. Decreased myocardial uptake by metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy has been added as an indicative biomarker for DLB in the 2017 revision of the diagnostic criteria. We have reported reduced ventilatory response to hypercapnia, abnormal respiratory rhythm, and high frequency of sleep‐disordered breathing as abnormalities of the respiratory regulatory system associated with DLB. Since autonomic dysfunction is highly prevalent in DLB from the early or prodromal phase of the disease and is associated with reduced activities of daily living and quality of life, the evaluation of autonomic dysfunction is also useful in the differential diagnosis of DLB from Alzheimer's disease. There are fewer studies on the respiratory regulatory system than on the cardiovascular system, thus further research is needed to explore its role in DLB.
Prenatal diagnosis of polycystic kidney caused by biallelic hypomorphic variants in the PKD1 gene
Authors: Zheng Yu , Wong Lo , Kwan Angel Hoi Wan , Dong Zirui , Kwok Ka Yin , Choy Kwong Wai , Dai Hongzheng , Cao Ye 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeterozygous loss‐of‐function variants in the PKD1 gene are commonly associated with adult‐onset autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), where the formation of renal cysts depends on the dosage of the PKD1 gene. Biallelic null PKD1 variants are not viable, but biallelic hypomorphic variants could lead to early‐onset PKD. We report a non‐consanguineous Chinese family with recurrent fetal polycystic kidney and negative findings in the coding region of the PKHD1 gene or chromosomal microarray analysis. Trio exome analysis revealed compound heterozygous variants of uncertain significance in the PKD1 gene in the index pregnancy: a novel paternally inherited c.7863 + 5G > C and a maternally inherited c.9739C > T, p.(Arg3247Cys). Segregation analysis through long‐range PCR followed by nested PCR and Sanger sequencing confirmed another affected fetus had both variants, while the other two normal siblings and the parents carried either variant. Thus, these two variants, both of which were hypomorphic as opposed to null variants, co‐segregated with prenatal onset polycystic kidney disease in this family. Functional studies are needed to further determine the impact of these two variants. Our findings highlight the biallelic inheritance of hypomorphic PKD1 variants causing prenatal onset polycystic kidney disease, which provides a better understanding of phenotype‐genotype correlation and valuable information for reproductive counseling.
Effectiveness of oil palm fiber and surface treatments on the mechanical, thermal, morphological, and water absorption properties of wheat gluten composites
Authors: Sakulkhaemaruethai Chuntip , Pankaew Piyapong , Chaochanchaikul Kantima 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work aims to enhance the mechanical properties and water resistance of wheat gluten (WG)‐based bioplastic with the addition of oil palm fiber (OPF) and surface treatments. Due to the porous surface of OPF, alkali treatment enhanced its surface area and roughness. Alkali pretreatment effect on silane efficiency was investigated using different surface treatment methods: alkali treatment, silane treatment, and silane treatment with alkali pretreatment. Neat WG and WG/OPF composites were prepared by compounding with an internal mixer and forming them with a compression molding machine. Tensile and impact testing, scanning electron microscopy, water absorption, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to assess the effects of OPF content and surface treatment methods. The results suggested that the tensile modulus and strength, impact strength, and glass transition temperature of WG composites tended to increase with increasing OPF content, whereas the decomposition temperature slightly changed. OPF improved the brittle and water resistance being disadvantages of WG. The most efficient surface treatment methods are 5 wt% silane treatment and 3 wt% silane with alkali pretreatment. This indicated that the increases in surface roughness and area of OPF after alkali pretreatment enhanced the silane efficiency and reduced the dosage of silane used.
Antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and dosing in critically ill adults receiving prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy: A systematic review
Authors: Grewal Arvind , Thabet Pierre , Dubinsky Samuel , Purkayastha Debanjali , Wong Kristy , Marko Ryan , Hiremath Swapnil , Hutton Brian , Kanji Salmaan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProlonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT) is gaining popularity as a renal replacement modality in intensive care units, but there is a relative lack of guidance regarding antimicrobial clearance and dosing when compared with other modalities. The objectives of this systematic review were to: (1) identify and describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) of relevant antimicrobials used in critically ill adults receiving PIRRT, (2) evaluate the quality of evidence supporting these data, and (3) propose dosing recommendations based on the synthesis of these data. A search strategy for multiple databases was designed and executed to identify relevant published evidence describing the PK of antimicrobials used in critically ill adults receiving PIRRT. Quality assessment, evaluation of reporting, and relevant data extraction were conducted in duplicate. Synthesis of PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) outcomes, dosing recommendations from study authors, and physicochemical properties of included antibiotics were assessed by investigators in addition to the quality of evidence to develop dosing recommendations. Thirty‐nine studies enrolling 452 patients met criteria for inclusion and provided PK and/or PD data for 20 antimicrobials in critically ill adults receiving PIRRT. Nineteen studies describe both PK and PD outcomes. Vancomycin (12 studies, 171 patients), meropenem (7 studies, 84 patients), and piperacillin/tazobactam (5 studies, 56 patients) were the most frequent antimicrobials encountered. The quality of evidence was deemed strong for 7/20 antimicrobials, and strong dosing recommendations were determined for 9/20 antimicrobials. This systematic review updates and addresses issues of quality in previous systematic reviews on this topic. Despite an overall low quality of evidence, strong recommendations were able to be made for almost half of the identified antimicrobials. Knowledge gaps persist for many antimicrobials, and higher quality studies (i.e., population PK studies with assessment of PD target attainment) are needed to address these gaps.
Baricitinib versus tocilizumab in critically ill COVID‐19 patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Conroy Grace M. , Bauer Seth R. , Pallotta Andrea M. , Duggal Abhijit , Wang Lu , Sacha Gretchen L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe immunomodulators tocilizumab and baricitinib improve outcomes in severely ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19); however, comparative analyses of clinical outcomes related to these agents are lacking. A tocilizumab national shortage shifted treatment to baricitinib in critically ill patients, allowing for an outcome comparison in a similar population. The purpose of this study is to compare clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID‐19 patients who received tocilizumab and those who received baricitinib.DesignRetrospective, observational cohort study using generalized estimating equation models, accounting for clustering by hospital and known confounders, to estimate the proportional odds of the ordinal World Health Organization Clinical Progression Scale (WHO‐CPS) score at day 14, the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included WHO‐CPS score at day 7.SettingMultiple hospitals within the Cleveland Clinic Health System.PatientsAdult patients admitted for COVID‐19 between January 2021 and November 2021.InterventionsReceipt of tocilizumab, before its shortage, or baricitinib, during shortage.Measurements and Main ResultsIn total, 507 patients were included; 217 received tocilizumab and 290 received baricitinib. Over 96% of patients required ICU admission and 98% received concomitant dexamethasone. Tocilizumab recipients had higher (worse) baseline WHO‐CPS scores. After adjustment, tocilizumab use was associated with higher odds of a worse day 14 WHO‐CPS score compared with baricitinib (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.65 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–2.48]). Similarly, after adjustment, tocilizumab use was associated with higher odds of a worse day 7 WHO‐CPS score (adjusted OR 1.65 [95% CI 1.22–2.24]).ConclusionsBaricitinib use was associated with better WHO‐CPS scores at day 14 and day 7 compared with tocilizumab in a cohort of critically ill patients with COVID‐19. The odds of having a one unit increase in WHO‐CPS score at day 14 was 71% higher with tocilizumab than baricitinib. No difference in mortality or adverse effects was noted.
The impact of job stress on burnout in Chinese teachers: The mediating roles of social support and psychological empowerment
Authors: Song Yining , Zhao Weiguo , Wang Xinning , Li Jiazheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the mediation mechanism of how sources of job stress impact teacher burnout. The participants were 502 Chinese teachers (Mage = 35.51, SDage = 9.56) in primary and secondary schools. The data were collected utilizing the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Occupational Stress Scale, Social Support Scale, and Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire. A structural equation model (SEM) was conducted to analyze whether social support and psychological empowerment mediate the relationship between job stress and teacher burnout. The results showed that the dimensions of job burnout were affected by different sources of job stress. Importantly, social support and psychological empowerment mediated the relationship between job stress and burnout. This study identified the important factors of job stress that affect teachers' burnout and provided a foundation for developing interventions for teachers experiencing burnout from the perspective of social support and psychological empowerment.
Cross‐cultural examination of school educators' beliefs about principles of positive behavior support
Authors: Fan Chung‐Hau , Tsai Chia‐Lin , Juang Ya‐Ting , Wang Hui‐Ting , Chang Yu‐Lin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study conducted a psychometric examination into the application of positive behavior support (PBS) principles, focusing on how its trajectory differs between Taiwan and the United States. Eighteen items from the Beliefs about Behavior Survey were adapted to gauge educators' perception of implementing PBS strategies within different cultural contexts. The sample comprised 643 educators, split between northern Taiwan (N = 267) and a mid‐mountain region in the United States (N = 376). Results from the confirmatory factor analysis suggest that the previously identified four‐factor model determined using a US sample presents a satisfactory fit with the Taiwanese data set. Furthermore, reliability estimates vouch for the internal consistency of the model. Interestingly, it was observed that general education teachers reported the least supportive beliefs across all four factors, relative to their colleagues. In a direct comparison with the US sample, the Taiwanese respondents scored significantly lower on two out of the four PBS belief factors. This trend could be attributed to a relative scarcity of exposure to, and training in, PBS principles in Taiwan, particularly beyond tertiary remedial services. The revised survey questionnaire presents a useful tool for informing the design of professional development initiatives and system‐wide changes in Taiwanese schools. The study concludes with a discussion on the impact of differing cultural contexts and the potential directions for future research.