bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting genetic effects on phenotype variability to capture gene-by-environment interactions: a systematic method comparison
Authors: Zhang Xiaopu , Bell Jordana T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhenotypic variability has been widely observed across organisms and traits, including in humans. Both gene-gene and gene-environment interactions can lead to an increase in phenotypic variability. Therefore, detecting the underlying genetic variants, or variance Quantitative Trait Loci (vQTLs), can provide novel insights into complex traits. Established approaches to detect vQTLs apply different methodologies from variance-only approaches to mean-variance joint tests, but a comprehensive comparison of these methods is lacking. Here, we review available methods to detect vQTLs in humans, carry out a simulation study to assess their performance under different biological scenarios of gene-environment interactions, and apply the optimal approaches for vQTL identification to gene expression data. We find that the squared residual value linear model (SVLM) method is optimal when the interacting exposure is discrete, and both SVLM and the deviation regression model (DRM) perform well when the interacting exposure is continuous. Additionally, a larger sample size, smaller minor allele frequency, and more balanced sample distribution in different exposure categories increase power of SVLM and DRM. Our results highlight vQTL detection methods that perform optimally under realistic simulation settings and show that their relative performance depends on the type of exposure in the interaction model underlying the vQTL.Author SummaryGenetic background can influence organismal response to changes in the environment, including through effects of gene-environment (GxE) interactions. GxE interactions form a fundamental component of complex phenotypes and disease. The presence of GxE interactions leads to increases in phenotypic variability, where individuals of a certain genotype can display more divergent phenotypes. Therefore, identifying genetic variation that can alter phenotypic variance is an alternative approach to identifying genetic variants that underlie GxE effects. Here, we conduct a systematic assessment of methods that detect genetic variants linked to phenotypic variance under several GxE scenarios. We identify the most optimal approaches for different environmental exposure settings and apply these to validate previously detected GxE signals. We also estimate power of these methods to detect GxE effects. Our results help guide experimental design for future studies aiming to identify genetic variant impacts on phenotypic variance, and their result interpretation in context of gene-environment interactions in complex traits.
CNP blocks mitochondrial depolarization and inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replicationin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Logue James , Melville Victoria M. , Ardanuy Jeremy , Frieman Matthew B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has claimed over 6.5 million lives worldwide and continues to have lasting impacts on the world’s healthcare and economic systems. Several approved and emergency authorized therapeutics that inhibit early stages of the virus replication cycle have been developed however, effective late-stage therapeutical targets have yet to be identified. To that end, our lab identified that 2’,3’ cyclic-nucleotide 3’-phosphodiesterase (CNP) inhibits SARS-CoV-2 virion assembly. We show that CNP inhibits the generation of new SARS-CoV-2 virions, reducing intracellular titers without inhibiting viral structural protein translation. Additionally, we show that targeting of CNP to mitochondria is necessary for inhibition, blocking mitochondrial depolarization and implicating CNP’s proposed role as an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeabilization transition pore (mPTP) as the mechanism of virion assembly inhibition. We also demonstrate that an adenovirus expressing virus expressing both human ACE2 and CNP inhibits SARS-CoV-2 titers to undetectable levels in lungs of mice. Collectively, this work shows the potential of CNP to be a new SARS-CoV-2 antiviral target.Author SummaryUpon entry into a cell, viruses manipulate the cellular environment for the benefit of their replication. We have found that upon infection, SARS-CoV-2 induces the mitochondria to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) into the cytoplasm which benefits the replication of the virus. We identified a phosphodiesterase, called CNP, that blocks this release via inhibition of an inducible pore called the mitochondrial permeability transition pore or mPTP. We also found that a drug targeting this pore inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication. We test the function of CNP in vivo and find that if we overexpress CNP in mouse lungs, we inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. Together this demonstrates a key function of the mitochondria on SARS-CoV-2 replication and that antithetically ROS release enhances viral replication. We propose this is common across coronaviruses and potentially other viruses identifying a novel target for future therapies.
Metric information in cognitive maps: Euclidean embedding of non-Euclidean environments
Authors: Baumann Tristan , Mallot Hanspeter A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe structure of the internal representation of surrounding space, the so-calledcognitive map, has long been debated. A Euclidean metric map is the most straight-forward hypothesis, but human navigation has been shown to systematically deviate from the Euclidean ground truth. Vector navigation based on non-metric models can better explain the observed behavior, but also discards useful geometric properties such as fast shortcut estimation and cue integration.Here, we propose another alternative, a Euclidean metric map that is systematically distorted to account for the observed behavior. The map is found by embedding the non-metric model, a labeled graph, into 2D Euclidean coordinates. We compared these two models using human data from Warren et al. (2017), where participants had to navigate and learn a non-Euclidean maze (i.e., with Wormholes) and perform direct shortcuts between different locations. Even though the Euclidean embedding cannot correctly represent the non-Euclidean environment, both models predicted the data equally well. We argue that the so embedded graph naturally arises from integrating the local position information into a metric framework, which makes the model more powerful and robust than the non-metric alternative. It may therefore be a better model for the human cognitive map.
Zea mays genotype influences microbial and viral rhizobiome community structure
Authors: Yadav Pooja , Quattrone Amanda , Yang Yuguo , Owens Jacob , Kiat Rebecca , Kuppusamy Thirumurugen , Russo Sabrina E. , Weber Karrie A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlant genotype is recognized to contribute to variations in microbial community structure in the rhizosphere, soil adherent to roots. However, the extent to which the viral community varies has remained poorly understood and has the potential to contribute to variation in soil microbial communities. Here we cultivated replicates of two different genotypes ofZea mays parviglumisandZ. maysgenotype B73 in a greenhouse and harvested the rhizobiome (rhizoplane and rhizosphere) to identify the abundance of cells and viruses as well as apply 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and genome resolved metagenomics to identify the rhizobiome microbial and viral community. Our results demonstrate that viruses exceeded microbial abundance in the rhizobiome ofparviglumisand B73 with a significant variation in both, the microbial and viral community between the two genotypes. Of the viral contigs identified only 4.5% (n =7) of total viral contigs were shared between the two genotypes, demonstrating that plants even at the level of genotype can significantly alter the surrounding soil viral community. An auxiliary metabolic gene associated with glycoside hydrolase (GH5) degradation was identified in one viral metagenome-assembled genome (vMAG) identified in the B73 rhizobiome infecting Propionibacteriaceae (Actinobacteriota) further demonstrating the viral contribution in metabolic potential for carbohydrate degradation and carbon cycling in the rhizosphere. This variation demonstrates the potential of plant genotype to contribute to microbial and viral heterogeneity in soil systems and harbor genes capable of contributing to carbon cycling in the rhizosphere.
Follow and spread the word: the effects of avatars and message framing in promoting fact checking posts on social media
Authors: Hou Jian-Ren , Kankham Sarawut 
Published: June 2023

PurposeFact-checking is a process of seeking and displaying facts to confirm or counter uncertain information, which reduces the spread of fake news. However, little is known about how to promote fact-checking posts to online users on social media. Through uncertainty reduction theory and message framing, this first study examines the effect of fact-checking posts on social media with an avatar on online users' trust, attitudes, and behavioral intentions. The authors further investigate the congruency effects between promotional message framing (gain/loss/neutral) and facial expressions of the avatar (happy/angry/neutral) on online users' trust, attitudes, and behavioral intentions in the second study.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted two studies and statistically analyzed 120 samples (study 1) and 519 samples (study 2) from Facebook users.FindingsResults showed that including the neutral facial expression avatar in fact-checking posts leads to online users' greater trust and more positive attitudes. Furthermore, the congruency effects between loss message framing and the angry facial expression of the avatar can effectively promote online users' trust and attitudes as well as stronger intentions to follow and share.Originality/valueThis study offers theoretical implications for fact-checking studies, and practical implications for online fact-checkers to apply these findings to design effective fact-checking posts and spread the veracity of information on social media.
Analyzing sustainable reverse logistics capability and triple bottom line: the mediating role of sustainability culture
Authors: Can Saglam Yesim 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo overcome the various pressures related to the environmental damage raised by production processes, enhancing sustainable reverse logistics (SRL) capability is a new road for manufacturing companies, as it facilitates them to have more sustainable operations by increasing different performance outputs. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the SRL capability and the triple bottom line (TBL) i.e. economic, social and environmental performance in the context of Turkey's manufacturing industry. The mediating role of sustainability culture has also been examined.Design/methodology/approachUsing survey data obtained from the Turkish manufacturing industry, the partial least square path modeling technique of structural equation modeling has been applied to test the research hypothesis.FindingsThe results of the study indicate that the SRL capability generates not only outstanding environmental and economic gains but also social benefits. The authors also find that sustainability culture is positively associated with environmental and social performance, yet not economic performance. In addition, the findings indicate sustainability culture mediates the relationship between SRL capability and social performance.Originality/valueThis study expands the frontier of managerial knowledge by highlighting the importance of SRL capability for sustainability and exhibiting evidence of the business value of enhancing SRL capability and sustainability culture.
Managing burnout from engagement-derived acting strategy
Authors: Prentice Catherine , Snell Lan , Sok Phyra 
Published: June 2023

PurposePerforming emotional labour is required of customer-contact employees (CCEs) to regulate their emotions through acting to conform to organisational display rules. Prior research is focused on investigating the detrimental outcomes of CCEs engaging in emotional labour acting to meet these display rules and organisational-related antecedents. This study takes a fresh perspective to propose how acting deriving from job engagement is related to employee burnout. Emotional intelligence is modelled as a moderator in these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe current study focuses on customer contact employees who are currently employed within the banking industry located in the United States of America. Participants of the study were recruited using panel data through Qualtrics both symmetrical and asymmetrical methods were employed in this study to test the proposed relationships.FindingsThe findings show that, prior to including EI in the analysis, job engagement was negatively related to surface acting but positively related to deep acting. However, when EI was entered in the equation, the relationship between job engagement and deep acting became negative. EI was also negatively related to both surface and deep acting. EI significantly strengthens the emotional labour process of engagement towards emotional labour strategies as well as lessening burnout. The asymmetrical analysis offer more insights to the proposed relationships.Originality/valueThis study employs both symmetrical and asymmetrical methods to examine emotional labour, emotional intelligence and employee burnout. In particular, job engagement proposed as an antecedent to acting strategy is novel. The study offers some novel insights into emotional labour and emotional intelligence research. The findings have practical implications for HR practitioners and management in the service organisations.
A modified exposed endoscopic full‐thickness resection: Traction‐assisted resection while defect closing
Authors: Ru Nan , Li Long Song , Bi Ya Wei , Gao Fei , Zhang Bo , Chai Ning Li , Linghu En Qiang 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesExposed endoscopic full‐thickness resection (Eo‐EFTR) has proven effective and economical for patients with gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs), showing great prospects. However, the poor operative field of view, the risk of tumors falling into the peritoneal cavity, especially the difficulties in defect closure, have limited its widespread application. Herein, we described a modified traction‐assisted Eo‐EFTR technique aimed at simplifying both the dissection and defect closure procedures.MethodsNineteen patients who underwent the modified Eo‐EFTR for gastric SMTs in the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital were enrolled in the study. Following a 2/3 circumferential full‐thickness incision, a clip with dental floss was anchored to the resected part of the tumor surface. With the dental floss traction, the gastric defect was reshaped into a V shape, which facilitated the deployment of clips to close the defect. The defect closure and tumor dissection procedures were then performed alternately. Patients’ demographics, tumor characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsAll tumors had an R0 resection. The median procedure time was 43 min (range 28–89 min). No severe perioperative adverse events occurred. Two patients experienced transient fever, and three patients complained of mild abdominal pain on the first day after the operation. All patients recovered on the next day with conservative management. No residual lesion or recurrence was reported during the follow‐up period of 30.1 months.ConclusionThe safety and practicability of the modified technique might allow for wide clinical applications of Eo‐EFTR in gastric SMTs.
Mepimbat tedul proujek: Indigenous knowledge of culturally significant freshwater turtles addresses species knowledge gaps in Northern Australia
Authors: Russell Shaina Rose , Sultana Rukshana , Rangers Ngukurr Yangbala , Ens Emilie J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndigenous biocultural knowledge offers valuable insights for species conservation; however, like biological diversity, associated cultural knowledge is also often threatened. This paper demonstrates how Indigenous biocultural knowledge of species can contribute to addressing gaps in species occurrence data and conservation knowledge using a case study from the South East Arnhem Land Indigenous Protected Area (SEAL IPA), northern Australia. Using a series of mapping workshops and interviews this collaborative project recorded Indigenous biocultural knowledge of the distribution, ecology, cultural significance and threats to freshwater turtles (freshwoda teduls in the local Indigenous language, Roper River Kriol). Based on past freshwoda tedul hunting experiences, 74 Indigenous knowledge holders identified 753 past freshwoda tedul occurrences, significantly adding to the 12 occurrences previously listed for the SEAL IPA in Australia's online species database, the Atlas of Living Australia. Importantly, these were the first ‘memory’ records of past species sightings by Indigenous people to be recognized and added to Australia's national species database. In addition, a blog summarizing this research was promoted through the Atlas of Living Australia, raising awareness of the Indigenous biocultural knowledge associated with these species. The Mepimbat tedul proujek revealed the cultural significance of freshwoda teduls and reported declines in abundance since the turn of the century, implicating invasive hard‐hooved ungulates (buffalo, pig) and reduced rainfall. The addition of non‐sacred Indigenous knowledge to free online species databases may offer innovative solutions for storage, interaction and sharing of indigenous knowledge, with opportunities for intergenerational and cross‐cultural learning and broader application in conservation management and decision‐making.
Excessive workload and insufficient night‐shift remuneration are key elements of dissatisfaction at work for French neonatologists
Authors: Zana‐Taïeb Elodie , Kermorvant Elsa , Beuchée Alain , Patkaï Juliana , Rozé Jean‐Christophe , Torchin Héloïse ,   on the behalf of the French Society of Neonatology
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimNeonatologists are exposed to ethical issues and unplanned emergencies that require 24‐h in‐house coverage. These elements may affect quality of life at work, which we surveyed.MethodsThis was a self‐administered, voluntary and anonymous cross‐sectional survey of French neonatologists. An online questionnaire was sent to members of the French Society of Neonatology from June to October 2022.ResultsOf approximately 1500 possible responses, 721 were analysed, with a response rate of 48%. Respondents were mostly women (77%), aged 35–50 years (50%), and hospital practitioners (63%). Reported weekly working time was over 50 h for 80%. Among the 650 neonatologists with on‐call duty, 47% worked ≥5 shifts per month. For 80% of practitioners, on‐call duty was perceived to have a negative impact on personal life; 49% indicated having sleep disorders. The mean satisfaction score at work was 5.7 ± 1.7 on a scale of 0–10. The main reasons for dissatisfaction were excessive working hours and insufficient remuneration for on‐call duty.ConclusionThis first evaluation of the quality of life at work of French neonatologists showed high workload. The working conditions and specificities of NICU activity may have significant consequences for their mental health.
Multi agent deep reinforcement learning for resource allocation in container‐based clouds environments
Authors: Nagarajan S. , Rani P. Shobha , Vinmathi M. S. , Subba Reddy V. , Saleth Angel Latha Mary , Abdus Subhahan D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVirtualization enables the deployment of several virtual servers on the same physical layer, critical component of the cloud. As cloud services advance, more apps that use repositories are developed, which adds to the overburden. Containers have evolved into the most reliable and lightweight virtualization technology for cloud services thanks to their flexible sorting, mobility, and scalability. In container‐based clouds, containers can potentially cut data centre energy usage more than virtual machines (VMs) do. Containers are less energy intensive than VMs. Resource allocation is the most prevalent method in cloud systems. However, resource allocation in container‐based clouds (RAC) is innovative and complicated due to its two‐level architecture. This includes the pairing of virtual machines and physical computers with containers. In cloud container services, planner components are essential. This lowers expenses while improving the performance and variety of workloads using cloud resources. The cloud infrastructure resource allocation framework is gaining popularity since it is energy‐efficient and focuses on cloud data management to maximize income and minimize costs. In this paper, we proposed a deep learning‐based architecture capable of achieving high data centre energy efficiency and preventing Service Level Agreement (SLA) violations from deploying green cloud resources. This research describes a hybrid optimum and multi‐agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) technique for dynamic task scheduling (DTS) in a container cloud environment. The MADRL‐DTS model for the RAC problem considers VM overheads, VM types, and an affinity restriction. Then, to address the RAC issue, we develop a DTS hyper‐heuristic technique. MADRL‐RAC may give allocation rules by recognizing workload trends and VM types from previous workload traces. Compared to modern procedures, the results demonstrate a significant reduction in energy consumption. The evaluation for energy‐efficient resource allocation is tested in several virtualized environments to get a high power usage effectiveness and CPU usage.
Mapping global soil acidification under N deposition
Authors: Chen Chen , Xiao Wenya , Chen Han Y. H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoil pH is critically important in regulating soil nutrients and thus influencing the biodiversity and ecosystem functions of terrestrial ecosystems. Despite the ongoing threat of nitrogen (N) pollution especially in the fast‐developing regions, it remains unclear how increasing N deposition affects soil pH across global terrestrial ecosystems. By conducting a global meta‐analysis with paired observations of soil pH under N addition and control from 634 studies spanning major types of terrestrial ecosystems, we show that soil acidification increases rapidly with N addition amount and is most severe in neutral‐pH soils. Grassland soil pH decreases most strongly under high N addition while wetlands are the least acidified. By extrapolating these relationships to global mapping, we reveal that atmospheric N deposition leads to a global average soil pH decline of −0.16 in the past 40 years and regions encompassing Eastern United States, Southern Brazil, Europe, and South and East Asia are the hotspots of soil acidification under N deposition. Our results highlight that anthropogenically amplified atmospheric N deposition has profoundly altered global soil pH and chemistry. They suggest that atmospheric N deposition is a major threat to global terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem functions.