bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Re-examining poikilocytosis in goats: prevalence, type and association with age and disease
Authors: Vasilatis Demitria M. , Christopher Mary M. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundDomestic goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) are a food, fiber and companion animal. Abnormal erythrocyte shapes (poikilocytes) are considered normal in young goats, but their association with disease is not well described. Likewise, there is little information on the significance of poikilocytosis in adult goats.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, severity and type of poikilocytosis in young and adult goats and its association with age, sex, breed, laboratory results, and underlying disease.MethodsWe retrospectively examined clinical and laboratory data from 1254 goats presented at the University of California-Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital from 1997 to 2019. We analyzed 313 blood smears from goats with moderate or marked (MOD-MKD) poikilocytosis on initial blood smear evaluation. Number and type of poikilocytes per 1000 red blood cells (RBCs) were enumerated. Laboratory values and primary disease categories were compared with the severity and type of poikilocytosis.ResultsKids (&lt;6 mos) and juveniles (&gt;6 mos to &lt;1 year) had a higher prevalence of MOD-MKD poikilocytosis (95/210, 45.2% kids; 27/59, 45.8% juveniles) than adult goats (≥1 year; 190/982, 19.3%) (p &lt; 0.001). Kids had a higher percentage of elliptocytes, dacryocytes, and schistocytes and a lower percentage of polygonal and spiculated RBCs than juvenile and adult goats (p &lt; 0.001). Of goats with MOD-MKD (vs NONE-SLIGHT) poikilocytosis, kids had lower HGB and MCH, and higher RDW (p ≤ 0.02); juveniles and adult goats had lower HCT, MCV, MCH, and albumin concentration (p ≤ 0.01), and all age groups had lower total CO2 concentration and higher PLT counts (p &lt; 0.03). Adult goats with MOD-MKD poikilocytosis also had higher BUN:Cr ratios (p = 0.005). Gastrointestinal parasitism, Johne’s disease, diarrhea/enteritis, lice, hepatic disease and renal disease (but not urolithiasis) were significantly associated with MOD-MKD poikilocytosis (p &lt; 0.001). Goats with hepatic and renal disease had a higher prevalence and percentage of spiculated cells (p = 0.001). Goats with Johne’s disease had a higher prevalence of polygonal cells (93.3%) and dacryocytes (66.7%) than other diseases, and elliptocytes predominated in a higher proportion (36.0%) of adult goats with GI parasitism vs other diseases (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThese findings suggest that iron deficiency is an important pathophysiologic mechanism of poikilocytosis in juvenile and adult goats, and possibly in kids, whether due to iron-restricted erythropoiesis, chronic hemorrhage, functional iron deficiency, or a combination of these mechanisms. Further investigation into the detection and monitoring of iron deficiency and the value of poikilocytosis as a diagnostic marker of iron status in goats is warranted.
Excess Deaths of Gastrointestinal, Liver, and Pancreatic Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
Authors: Han Lefei , Shi Haoting , Li Yongxuan , Qi Hongchao , Wang Yuhua , Gu Jiawei , Wu Jiayin , Zhao Shi , Cao Peihua , Xu Lan , Deng Xiaobei , Yao Xiaoxin I. , Ran Jinjun 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: To evaluate excess deaths of gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We retrieved weekly death counts from National Vital Statistics System and fitted them with a quasi-Poisson regression model. Cause-specific excess deaths were calculated by the difference between observed and expected deaths with adjustment for temporal trend and seasonality. Demographic disparities and temporal-spatial patterns were evaluated for different diseases.Results: From March 2020 to September 2022, the increased mortality (measured by excess risks) for Clostridium difficile colitis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and acute pancreatitis were 35.9%; 24.8%; and 20.6% higher than the expected. For alcoholic liver disease, fibrosis/cirrhosis, and hepatic failure, the excess risks were 1.4–2.8 times higher among younger inhabitants than older inhabitants. The excess deaths of selected diseases were persistently observed across multiple epidemic waves with fluctuating trends for gastrointestinal hemorrhage and fibrosis/cirrhosis and an increasing trend for C. difficile colitis.Conclusion: The persistently observed excess deaths of digestive diseases highlights the importance for healthcare authorities to develop sustainable strategies in response to the long-term circulating of SARS-CoV-2 in the community.
The Effects of Porphyra yezoensis Polysaccharides on Intestinal Health of Spotted Sea Bass, Lateolabrax maculatus
Authors: Lin Hao , Zhou Sishun , Huang Zhangfan , Ma Jianrong , Kong Lumin , Lin Yi , Long Zhongying , Qin Huihui , Liu Longhui , Zhao Yanbo , Li Zhongbao 
Published: August 2023

Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharides (PPs) have biological activities such as promoting digestion, functioning as antioxidants, and improving intestinal health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PPs on the intestinal health of spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus). A total of 360 spotted sea bass (10.53 ± 0.02 g) were randomly divided into six groups. Fish in each group were fed with varying PP concentrations (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 g/kg) for 52 days. The results showed that 12 g/kg PPs significantly increased the body weight gain, specific growth rate, and condition factor, while there was no significant change in the feed conversion ratio. A supplementation dosage of 9 g/kg PPs significantly increased intestinal amylase activity, and 12 g/kg PPs supplementation significantly increased intestinal trypsin activity. In addition, compared with the control group, there was no difference in lipase in the experimental groups. When fed 9 g/kg, the intestinal glutathione content was significantly increased, and the malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased; the effect of PPs on the catalase activity was not significant. PPs improved intestinal morphology, specifically by improving the intestinal villus morphology and increasing the intestinal lining surface area. Compared with the control group, PPs increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides. At the genus level, Cyanobacteria, Muribaculaceae, and Lachnospiraceae were the main flora in the intestinal tract of spotted sea bass. In addition, PPs increased ACE and Chao1 indices of the intestinal microorganisms, while the Simpson index and Shannon index did not change significantly, indicating that intestinal microbial composition and abundance had increased to a certain extent. The results indicated that different levels of PPs in feed can improve the intestinal physiological and biochemical indexes, intestinal morphology, and microbial composition, and thus improve the intestinal health of spotted sea bass.
Concurrence bancaire et « transition financière » dans les pays d’Europe centrale : l’apport des banques étrangères
Authors: Rugraff Eric , Rugraff Eric 
Published: August 2023

Bank Competition and Financial Transition in Central European Countries : the Impact of Foreign Banks
During the first part of the 1990s Central European countries encouraged the creation of new private banks in order to increase competition and to improve the quality of financial intermediation. Lacking any conclusive results, they called upon capital from Foreign banks during the second half of the 1990s. Foreign banks, particularly those in Hungary where they are numerous, generated competition and contributed to the increase in the efficiency of the sector. This competition resulted in « price effects », such as the reduction of spreads, and also « qualitative effects » such as the usage, by local banks, of practices and services existing in developed countries. The foreign contribution cannot be understood in a neo-classical perspective of perfect competition. Indeed, adding new competitors similar to local banks is insufficient to improve the quality of financial intermediation. Former banking practices have been drastically changed through the innovations of foreign banks. By introducing new methods, new ways of working, foreign banks have helped to launch a process of dynamic competition resulting in an improvement in the quality of the banking system in Central Europe.
Étude sédimentologique du remplissage
Authors: Campy Michel 
Published: August 2023

L'étude sédimentologique du remplissage de La Baume de Gigny a été effectuée niveau par niveau. Les différents paramètres sédimentologiques sont définis et leur évolution étudiée de bas en haut de la séquence sédimentaire.
L'évolution des différentes fractions granulométriques, la répartition des concrétions calcitiques et des galets allochtones, l'étude minéralogique et calcimétrique des fractions fines permettent d'interpréter les conditions de mise en place du remplissage dans le contexte paléoclimatique.
Les datations radiocarbone
Authors: Evin Jacques 
Published: August 2023

Ten radiocarbon measurements performed on bone collagen from eight different levels indicate a large discrepancy between levels VIII and IX.
Bones from the upper levels have a large content of collagen and ages under 30.000 B.P. while those from the lower levels only have a meagre organic content and are too old to be dated by 14C beyond.
“Al Maestro con cariño”
Authors: Ratier Hugo , Pagano María Inés 
Published: August 2023

Presentamos una aproximación a la trayectoria de Hugo Ratier, a partir de un encuentro personal donde destacamos sus vivencias y compartimos cómo éstas lo acercaron a la Antropología que luego practicó y transmitió. Este breve recorrido se inicia con mi encuentro como estudiante de la carrera y luego integrante de uno de los equipos de investigación dirigidos por Hugo, a quien considero un maestro. Continúa evocando su proximidad y experiencia —desde niño— con la diferencia, y allí se presenta como una figura central su tío Carybé. Finalizamos esta presentación con una selección de fragmentos tomados de sus libretas de campo del viaje que emprende en el año 1956 —cuando aún no era antropólogo titulado— a San Salvador de Bahía (Brasil), a partir de su interés por las religiones afro-brasileñas.
PENGARUH TAX AVOIDANCE, RETURN ON ASSET, CURRENT RATIO DAN FAKTOR LAINNYA TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Apriliani Angeline Paskaria , Suryanto  
Published: August 2023

This study aims to test what factors are like tax avoidance, return on asset, current ratio, debt to equity ratio, firm size, dividend payout ratio, and firm growth affect firm value in non financial firms listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. Population of this study is non financial firms listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange since 2018 until 2021. This study used purposive sampling method with 93 company selected for a total 279 data over a three years period. The hypotheses in this research are tested using multiple regression method. The result of this study shows that return on asset also debt to equity ratio have a positife affect on firm value and firm growth has a negative affect on firm value. While, for other variables such as tax avoidance, current ratio, firm size, and dividend payout ratio do not affect firm value.
KONSEP HUBBUL WATHAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Budiyanto Budiyanto 
Published: August 2023

Melihat pada realita saat ini, penulis berinisiatif untuk mengkaji hubbul wathan dalam al-Qur’an serta kurangnya rasa prihatin terhadap tanah air. Hal inilah yang menjadi latar belakang kurangnya rasa cinta terhadap tanah air, serta mengurangnya pendidikan untuk membangun rasa cinta terhadap tanah air. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research (penelitian kepustakaan) karena penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan maka data yang digunakan meliputi dua sumber data yakni, menggunakan data primer dan data skunder dengan cara mengadakan pengamatan atau memahaman terhadap kitab-kita, buku-buku atau karya-karya ilmiah lainnya yang ada kaitannya dengan judul skripsi penulis tulis. Hubbul wathan atau Cinta tanah air merupakan suatu sikap positif untuk memberikan kontribusi positif dalam membangun bangsa dan Negara. Yang dimaksud cinta tanah air adalah cara berfikir, bersikap, dan berbuat yang menunjukkan kesetiaan, kepedulian, dan penghargaan yang tinggi terhadap bahasa, lingkungan fisik, budaya, ekonomi dan politik bangsa. Demikian rasa cinta tanah air merupakan rasa kebanggan, rasa memiliki, rasa menghargai, rasa menghormati dan loyalitas yang dimiliki oleh setiap individu pada Negara tempat ia tinggal dan cermin melalui perilaku membela tanah air, menjaga dan melindungi tanah airnya, rela berkorban demi kepentingan bangsa dan negaranya, mencintai adat dan budaya yang ada di negaranya dan telah tertanam kuat dalam dadanya. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini membahas tentang permasalahan dari skripsi, yaitu pentingnya mencintai tanah air, serta menjaga keselamatan dan keamanan wilayah atau negerinya. Hubbul wathan (cinta tanah air) merupakan suatu sikap yang dilandasi ketulusan dan keikhlasan yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk tingkah laku atau perbuatan untuk kejayaan negerinya dan kebahagiaan bangsanya. Cinta tanah air berarti cinta pada negeri, yakni tempat dimana seseorang memperoleh penghidupan dan mengalami kehidupan dari sejak dilahirkan sampai akhir hayatnya. Adapun konsep hubbul wathan dalam al-Qur’an yang dipaparkan penulis diantaranya adalah menjaga stabilitas keamanan Negara dan menjaga stabilitas ekonomi.
EFICIÊNCIA DE TRÊS DILUIDORES INESPECIFICOS NA REFRIGERAÇÃO DO SEMEN DE COELHO (Oryctolagus cuniculus f. domesticus)
Authors: DIAS DE OLIVEIRA NATAN , Arruda Caires Pablo , Cristine Figueiredo Fernandes Fernanda , Oliveira Dias Júlio César , Leite Albeny Ana Carolina 
Published: August 2023

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a viabilidade seminal de coelhos após refrigeração a 5°C utilizando três diluentes comerciais, indicados para refrigeração de sêmen de outras espécies monogástricas. Foram realizadas dez colheitas de sêmen de cada reprodutor. Os ejaculados de cada coelho eram misturados, obtendo-se um pool de sêmen. Em seguida, o pool heterospérmico foi dividido em três tratamentos, de acordo com o diluente utilizado: BotuDog® (cães); BotuSemen® (equinos); e Beltsville Thawing Solution – BTS ® (suínos). As amostras foram avaliadas quanto a parâmetros macroscópicos, microscópicos e funcionais em quatro momentos: sêmen fresco (0 h) e refrigerado (16, 24 e 48 h). Os valores médios de motilidade, vigor e defeitos totais do sêmen fresco foram de 86,0%, 3,05 e 11,5%, respectivamente. Após o início do resfriamento, observou-se comportamento linear decrescente para a motilidade e vigor espermático do sêmen em função do tempo, diferindo (P < 0,05) entre os tratamentos. Destaca-se que o tratamento diluído em BTS ® apresentou a redução na manutenção dos parâmetros avaliados de forma mais pronunciada (P < 0,05) ao longo do tempo, apresentando os menores valores para motilidade e vigor espermático dentro de cada tempo avaliado: 16h [20,6 ± 7,28 e 0,75 (0,375 - 1,5)], 24h [12,0 ± 6,80 e 0 (0 - 1,0)] e 48h [3,0 ± 2,13 e 0 (0 - 0,125)]. Após 48 h de resfriamento, o BotuDog® foi o que apresentou maior valor para motilidade espermática (71,0 ± 2,08) e, juntamente, com o BotuSemen® apresentaram maior valor para vigor espermático (2.5). De acordo com os dados obtidos os diluentes BotuDog® e BotuSemen® mostraram-se eficientes em manter parâmetros espermáticos adequados, apresentando boa viabilidade espermática em até 48h pós refrigeração a 5°C. Obteve-se através deste trabalho, resultados inéditos quanto a parâmetros espermáticos do sêmen de coelho refrigerado que podem ser utilizados como valores de referência para o manejo reprodutivo e processamento do semen desses animais, visto a inexistênca dessas recomendações técnicas.
Dilation of the Infarct-Related Coronary Artery to Reduce the Incidence of the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI Patients
Authors: Sazanov G. V. , Shugushev Z. Kh. , Belokon O. S. , Ermakov S. V. , Khripunova A. A. 
Published: August 2023

Background: The pathogenesis of slow/no-reflow phenomena is a critical socio-medical problem due to high mortality and work disability rates in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Slow/no-reflow phenomena are multifactorial involving 4 key elements: 1) distal embolization of the coronary bed of the infarct-related coronary artery; 2) ischemic damage to the myocardium; 3) reperfusion injury of the heart muscle; 4) individual (genetic) susceptibility of the microcirculation to injury. Objective: To analyze the outcomes of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in patients with STEMI and TIMI 0 blood flow of an infarct-related coronary artery based on the strategy to restore antegrade blood flow (balloon predilation or dilation of an infarctrelated artery). Materials and methods: We analyzed treatment outcomes of 209 patients with STEMI and TIMI 0 blood flow. The patients were grouped based on the PCI strategy: group 1 included 147 patients who underwent balloon angioplasty to restore antegrade blood flow, and group 2 included 62 patients who underwent dilation of an infarct-related coronary artery. Results: Our study found that direct stenting in STEMI patients was associated with statistically significantly lower risk of slow/noreflow phenomena (P = 0.001, Pearson’s χ2) and, as a result, better functional outcomes of treatment (chronic heart failure grade classified according to Strazhesko-Vasilenko and by left ventricular ejection fraction) that were also statistically significant (P = 0.001, Pearson’s χ2). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the risk of slow/no-reflow phenomena in patients with TIMI 0 blood flow of an infarctrelated coronary artery was statistically significantly lower (P = .001, Pearson’s χ2) in the group of patients who underwent dilation of an infarct-related coronary artery to restore antegrade blood flow. Functional outcomes (chronic heart failure grade and overall survival) were also better in this group of patients (P = .001, Pearson’s Chi-square). Moreover, dilation of an infarct-related coronary artery was associated with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction compared with the group of patients who underwent balloon angioplasty to restore antegrade blood flow (P < 0.001, Pearson’s χ2).
Air Pollen Monitoring in a Specific Region as a Part of the Pollinosis Prevention
Authors: Pavlyuchenko I. I. , Klimenko Ya. V. , Fedotova N. V. , Kokov E. A. , Kokova L. N. , Storozhuk A. P. , Tsymbalov O. V. 
Published: August 2023

Background: The prevalence and severity of allergic diseases, including pollinosis, are increasing worldwide. Hay fever develops due to the complex interaction of genes and manifests itself due to exogenous factors. The main environmental etiology of allergy is plant pollen. Continuous study and analysis of the air pollen spectrum constitute the basis of air monitoring and are important in developing preventive measures for allergic diseases. Objective: To perform an air pollen monitoring in Kr snodar and to assess the treatment of patients with pollinosis in various cities and districts of the Krasnodar Region according to the Krasnodar Regional Allergy Center data. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the patients seeking medical care due to allergy in the Krasnodar Region using the statistical data obtained in 2022 from the Krasnodar Regional Allergy Center. We assessed the effects of air pollen pollution according to the data of air pollen monitoring in Krasnodar during the main activity of herbaceous plants’ taxa (from April 1, 2022 to October 31, 2022). We used AeRobiology and Microsoft Excel 2010 tools for data processing and development of the main parameters of the pollen season. Results: According to the Krasnodar Regional Allergy Center data, there were 37,212 people diagnosed with J45.0, J46 and 20,012 people diagnosed with J30.1-30.4 in 2022. We identified 8 allergenic taxa of herbaceous plants in the Krasnodar air. We found that the total seasonal pollen concentration increased by an average of 1.8 in 2022 compared to previous monitoring periods in 2018-2021. Conclusions: Comparative assessment of the prevalence of pollinosis and the air pollen monitoring are important for effective medical care.
Improvement of the Dilatational Tracheostomy Technique
Authors: Porhanov V. A. , Shtraub V. V. , Bogdanov S. B. , Mukhanov M. L. , Zaitseva S. L. 
Published: August 2023

Objective: To describe an improved technique for dilatational tracheostomy. Clinical case: We report a case of severe community-acquired polysegmental viral pneumonia, grade 2 respiratory failure. After the start of antiviral therapy and staged respiratory support, the female patient was placed on mechanical ventilation 12 hours following hospital admission due to an increasing systemic inflammatory response and cytokine storm. In 20 hours, a dilatational tracheostomy using a modified technique was performed. Advantages of the modified technique are low trauma, short duration (5-10 minutes), significantly rarer wound infection (important benefit due to the COVID-19 features), significantly rarer postoperative scarring and cicatricial stenosis of the trachea. Technical improvement of dilatational tracheostomy allows for optimal management of critically ill patients (multiple organ failure, severe sepsis, considerable total body surface area burns with concomitant inhalation injury), which will significantly increase treatment efficiency, reduce the number of complications, and speed up the hospital discharge.
Verb “kana
Authors: Abughalia Ibraheem 
Published: August 2023

This study addresses the verb “kana” in its confirmed form and it was not limited to what the grammarians mentioned in a few specific cases when “kana” is prefixed. It took a lot of effort from the grammarians to look into the permissibility of the prefix “kana” to work in the sentence, which makes them not study the confirmation connotation of “kana” in places other than what they have mentioned.
Objectives: Establishing the origins of the confirmation connotation of “kana” and affirming its meaning in the sentence through different evidence, as well as demonstrating the different forms in which “Kana” can occur in its confirmative form.
Methods: The researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach as he described the confirmed “Kana” by mentioning its occurrence in Quranic verses and in Arabic poetry. He analyzed the phenomenon of “Kana” and comprehended its confirmative form.
Results: In the cases where “Kana” can be discarded from the sentence and it still has a clear and correct meaning, its purpose is to confirm and it shouldn’t be restricted as a prefix to only the occurrences that were mentioned by the grammarians. “Kana” can be a confirmative prefix in different forms: Past “Kana” which confirms the past form of the verb; present “Yakoon” which confirms the past form of the verb; present “YAkoon” that confirms the present form of the verb; past “Kana” which confirms the noun; and present “YAkoon” which confirms the noun.
Conclusions: In this research, it was found that in many cases, “kana” comes confirmative in different cases. The researcher has cited many texts from the Holy Quran and Arabic poetry. The researcher has also put a condition on “kana” as a prefix. The condition is if the meaning is clear and correct without “kana” and did not change its general connotation; “kana” comes confirmative, and it may have other connotations than the confirmation generated by the context.