bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of bilateral synchronous double primary lung cancer secondary to bladder cancer: From the next‐generation sequencing prospect
Authors: Qiu Yuling , Wang Xuedi , Fan Yingrui , Bao Yanru , Meng Fanqing , Liu Baorui , Li Rutian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne year following bladder cancer surgery, a 65‐year‐old man had computed tomography (CT) that revealed bilateral pulmonary nodules. Pulmonary wedge resections were performed after the nodules were found to grow in follow‐up. Unusually, we found that these two lesions were not homologous, nor were they metastases from prior bladder cancer, and therefore, synchronous double primary lung cancer (sDPLC) was diagnosed. The immunohistochemical findings excluded the possibility of bladder cancer metastasis, but could not determine whether they were from the same source. Next generation sequencing (NGS) supported the diagnosis sDPLC because they amply demonstrated the two sources’ distinct origins. Finally, after discussion with pathologists, this patient was diagnosed as small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and received postoperative EP chemotherapy. We also documented a few rather uncommon alterations that might serve as a foundation for further investigation. This case suggests that in addition to immunohistochemical, NGS is also helpful to clarify the etiology and refine the pathological classification of tumors, which has guiding significance for the establishment of precise diagnosis and optimal treatment.
The supply of information and price formation: Evidence from Google's search engine
Authors: Stice Han 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study develops several Google search‐based measures to test the relation between earnings‐week online search results and the speed of price discovery. These measures are based on searches using only a firm's ticker symbol in the search string. I collect the total number of search results (across all search result pages) as well as the type and content of search results on the first three pages of search results. I find that the quantity, quality, and content of search results have varying effects on the speed at which earnings news is impounded into stock price. I also find that effects are only observed for search results presented on the first page of a Google search. Overall, my results suggest that (1) increases in online information are associated with slower price discovery, and (2) the likely mechanism by which this association operates is through useful search results being crowded off the first page of results by more complex or irrelevant search results.
Transcriptional activation of endogenous Oct4 via the CRISPR/dCas9 activator ameliorates Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome in mice
Authors: Kim Junyeop , Hwang Yerim , Kim Sumin , Chang Yujung , Kim Yunkyung , Kwon Youngeun , Kim Jongpil 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPartial cellular reprogramming via transient expression of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c‐Myc induces rejuvenation and reduces aged‐cell phenotypes. In this study, we found that transcriptional activation of the endogenous Oct4 gene by using the CRISPR/dCas9 activator system can efficiently ameliorate hallmarks of aging in a mouse model of Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). We observed that the dCas9‐Oct4 activator induced epigenetic remodeling, as evidenced by increased H3K9me3 and decreased H4K20me3 levels, without tumorization. Moreover, the progerin accumulation in HGPS aorta was significantly suppressed by the dCas9 activator‐mediated Oct4 induction. Importantly, CRISPR/dCas9‐activated Oct4 expression rescued the HGPS‐associated vascular pathological features and lifespan shortening in the mouse model. These results suggest that partial rejuvenation via CRISPR/dCas9‐mediated Oct4 activation can be used as a novel strategy in treating geriatric diseases.
Comprehensive evaluation of the incidence and prevalence of surgically diagnosed pelvic endometriosis in a complete population
Authors: Kristjansdottir Asdis , Rafnsson Vilhjalmur , Geirsson Reynir Tomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe incidence and prevalence of pelvic endometriosis is still being debated. Population‐based studies have shown annual incidences between 0.1% and 0.3%, which translates to a prevalence of symptom‐giving disease of between 2% and 6% over a 20‐year span in the reproductive years. However, a prevalence of 10% or higher is often assumed. We used Iceland's extensive record linkage possibilities, secure access to patient data and personal identification numbers to search for all cases with a surgical and/or histological first diagnosis over a 15‐year study period.Material and methodsInformation was obtained from all healthcare facilities where an operative and/or histological diagnosis of pelvic endometriosis might have been made during 2001–2015. Hospital discharge diagnostic data and private clinic data sources were scrutinized and double‐checked through a central register. Individual medical records, operation notes and pathology records were inspected. Visually and pathologically diagnosed cases were included. The data covered women aged 15–69 years, but the age range 15–49 (reproductive years) was specifically considered. Annual incidence was estimated per 10 000 person‐years and prevalence possibilities calculated for varying disease durations. Disease severity was staged (revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification) and main lesion sites determined.ResultsA total of 1634 women 15–69 years old were diagnosed; 1487 of them between 15 and 49 years old. Histological verification was obtained for 57.1%. The age‐standardized annual incidence for all confirmed endometriosis diagnoses was 12.5/10 000 person‐years among women in their reproductive years. The overall estimate of prevalence was 0.6%–3.6%, dependent on duration of symptoms from 5 up to 30 years. The most common sites by order of frequency were ovaries, deep pelvis, central pelvis, vesicouterine pouch and uterine appendages. Of the women, 1080 (66.1%) had minimal/mild and 553 (33.8%) moderate/severe disease.ConclusionsWe have in a comprehensive study covering a recent 15‐year period confirmed an annual incidence of pelvic endometriosis of between 0.1% and 0.15% in the female population of reproductive age. Endometriosis is variably severe but, depending on the duration of symptomatic disease, the approximated prevalence during women's reproductive years could range from 1% to 4%.
Role of depressive symptoms on the development of pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy: A prospective inception cohort study
Authors: Algård Teresa , Kalliokoski Paul , Ahlqvist Kerstin , Schlager Angela , Kristiansson Per 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionPelvic girdle pain in pregnancy is a major public health concern. For too many women, the pain condition causes disability and sick leave, has a negative impact on daily life, and breeds doubt in their view as mother, partner, and worker. The pathophysiology is unknown and causal treatment is lacking. Depression in pregnancy is common, undertreated, and previously associated with pelvic girdle pain with unclear causal direction.Material and methodsA prospective inception cohort study of 356 Swedish women examined them in early and late pregnancy. Women with a positive Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test in early pregnancy were not included. The exposure, depressive symptoms in early pregnancy, was self‐reported on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, depression part (0–21). Outcome measure in late pregnancy was a graded score on the Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test (0–8). Covariates for statistical adjustment were identified in a directed acyclic graph. Linear robust and logistic regression were used in the statistical analyses.ResultsIn early pregnancy, the 248 women with negative Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test had a mean score of 2.35 (± 2.3 standard deviation) on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, depression part. In a fully adjusted, multiple robust regression model a positive association was shown between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score, depression part, and the Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test score in late pregnancy with an estimated effect of β = 0.32 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16–0.48, p < 0.001). Dichotomization of exposure (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, depression part <8/≥8) and outcome (Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test score 0/>0) rendered adjusted odds ratio 1.71 (95% CI 0.38–7.7) and numbers needed to treat adjusted odds ratio 5.54 (95% CI −3.4–14.5).ConclusionsDepressive symptoms in early pregnancy were associated with the development and intensity of pelvic girdle pain in late pregnancy. Considering the small sample size, screening and treatment for depressive symptoms in early pregnancy may enable a way to reduce and prevent disabling pelvic girdle pain in late pregnancy. Trials are needed to confirm the results.
The San Diego SIDS definition—20 Years on
Authors: Byard Roger W. , Tan Luzern 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimAs it is now 20 years since the San Diego definition of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) was proposed, it is timely to examine the impact of this consensus statement.ResultsConcerns at the time were expressed that ‘death scene’ had been replaced by circumstances of death and so it may have been more useful to have a more inclusive statement of ‘death scene, including circumstances of death’. The category of unclassified sudden infant deaths (USID) that was proposed has not been widely adopted. More disturbing, however, is the increasing failure to use either the San Diego or earlier definitions in published research, with recent studies showing that almost two‐thirds of peer‐reviewed SIDS publications (2019–2021) did not quote or reference internationally accepted definitions. This is a decrease of 33% from the 68% of papers that correctly used SIDS definitions in 2011. The definition is therefore not being uniformly applied and in addition, diagnostic shift is occurring, with more pathologists favouring ‘undetermined’ over a designation of SIDS.ConclusionsGiven these developments, how can we correctly interpret conclusions relating to SIDS research, and can we accurately monitor trends in SIDS mortality? The authors would suggest that unfortunately, at present we cannot with any precision.
Artificial intelligence and the doctor–patient relationship expanding the paradigm of shared decision making
Authors: Lorenzini Giorgia , Arbelaez Ossa Laura , Shaw David Martin , Elger Bernice Simone 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) based clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are becoming ever more widespread in healthcare and could play an important role in diagnostic and treatment processes. For this reason, AI‐based CDSS has an impact on the doctor–patient relationship, shaping their decisions with its suggestions. We may be on the verge of a paradigm shift, where the doctor–patient relationship is no longer a dual relationship, but a triad. This paper analyses the role of AI‐based CDSS for shared decision‐making to better comprehend its promises and associated ethical issues. Moreover, it investigates how certain AI implementations may instead foster the inappropriate paradigm of paternalism. Understanding how AI relates to doctors and influences doctor–patient communication is essential to promote more ethical medical practice. Both doctors' and patients' autonomy need to be considered in the light of AI.
Detecting the Spatial Clustering of Exposure–Response Relationships with Estimation Error: A Novel Spatial Scan Statistic
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Sheng , Zhang Tao , Yin Fei , Ma Yue 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Detecting the spatial clustering of the exposure–response relationship (ERR) between environmental risk factors and health-related outcomes plays important roles in disease control and prevention, such as identifying highly sensitive regions, exploring the causes of heterogeneous ERRs, and designing region-specific health intervention measures. However, few studies have focused on this issue. A possible reason is that the commonly used cluster-detecting tool, spatial scan statistics, cannot be used for multivariate spatial datasets with estimation error, such as the ERR, which is often defined by a vector with its covariance estimated by a regression model. Such spatial datasets have been produced in abundance in the last decade, which suggests the importance of developing a novel cluster-detecting tool applicable for multivariate datasets with estimation error. In this work, by extending the classic scan statistic, we developed a novel spatial scan statistic called the estimation-error-based scan statistic (EESS), which is applicable for both univariate and multivariate datasets with estimation error. Then, a two-stage analytic process was proposed to detect the spatial clustering of ERRs in practical studies. A published motivating example and a simulation study were used to validate the performance of EESS. The results show that the clusters detected by EESS can efficiently reflect the clustering heterogeneity and yield more accurate ERR estimates by adjusting for such heterogeneity.
Acute chest syndrome in adult patients with sickle cell disease: The relationship with the time to onset after hospital admission
Authors: Cheminet Geoffrey , Brunetti Antoine , Khimoud Djamal , Ranque Brigitte , Michon Adrien , Flamarion Edouard , Pouchot Jacques , Jannot Anne‐Sophie , Arlet Jean‐Benoît 
Published: March 2023

SummaryData on acute chest syndrome (ACS) in adult sickle cell disease patients are scarce. In this study, we describe 105 consecutive ACS episodes in 81 adult patients during a 32‐month period and compare the characteristics as a function of the time to onset after hospital admission for a vaso‐occlusive crisis (VOC), that is early‐onset episodes (time to onset ≤24 h, 42%) versus secondary episodes (>24 h, 58%; median [interquartile range] time to onset: 2 [2–3] days). The median age was 27 [22–34] years, 89% of the patients had an S/S or S/β0‐thalassaemia genotype; 81% of the patients had a history of ACS (median: 3 [2–5] per patient), only 61% were taking a disease‐modifying treatment at the time of the ACS. Fever and chest pain were noted in respectively 54% and 73% of the episodes. Crackles (64%) and bronchial breathing (32%) were the main abnormal auscultatory findings. A positive microbiological test was found for 20% of episodes. Fifty percent of the episodes required a blood transfusion; ICU transfer and mortality rates were respectively 29% and 1%. Secondary and early‐onset forms of ACS did not differ significantly. Disease‐modifying treatments should be revaluated after each ACS episode because the recurrence rate is high.
Pathophysiology of gastrointestinal acute graft‐versus‐host disease and the potential role of glucagon‐like peptide 2
Authors: Zeiser Robert , Chen Yi‐Bin , Youssef Nader N. , Ayuk Francis 
Published: March 2023

SummaryAcute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD) is a life‐threatening complication after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation, with gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement (GI aGVHD) being one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Whilst systemic steroids are the standard first‐line treatment for aGVHD, approximately 50% of patients become steroid refractory (SR), which is associated with poor outcomes. Existing options for SR‐GVHD are limited, and there is a significant unmet need for new non‐immunosuppressive treatment approaches in patients with GI aGVHD. Here, we review newer concepts in the pathogenesis of GI aGVHD and present the evidence for the role of glucagon‐like peptide 2 (GLP‐2) in maintaining and protecting GI epithelial cells, including the enterocytes, intestinal stem cells and Paneth cells, which are direct targets of aGVHD. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic rationale for GLP‐2 treatment as a tissue regeneration approach and the potential use of the novel GLP‐2 analogue apraglutide as an adjunctive treatment for GI aGVHD.
Targeting mitochondrial stress with Szeto‐Schiller 31 prevents experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm: Crosstalk with endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Navas‐Madroñal Miquel , Almendra‐Pegueros Rafael , Puertas‐Umbert Lidia , Jiménez‐Altayó Francesc , Julve Josep , Pérez Belén , Consegal‐Pérez Marta , Kassan Modar , Martínez‐González José , Rodriguez Cristina , Galán María 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeMitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation contribute to a myriad of cardiovascular diseases. Deleterious crosstalk of mitochondria and persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggers oxidative stress, which is involved in the development of vascular diseases. This study determined if inhibition of mitochondrial stress reduces aneurysm development in angiotensin II (Ang II)‐infused apolipoprotein‐E‐deficient (ApoE−/−) mice and its effect on ER stress.Experimental ApproachThe mitochondria‐targeted tetrapeptide, Szeto‐Schiller 31 (SS31), ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and the enhanced expression of ER stress markers triggered by Ang II in ApoE−/− mice, and limited plasmatic and vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Interestingly, SS31 improved survival, reduced the incidence and severity of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and the Ang II‐induced increase in aortic diameter as evaluated by ultrasonography, resembling the response triggered by the classic ER stress inhibitors tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and 4‐phenylbutyrate (PBA).Key ResultsDisorganization of the extracellular matrix, increased expression of metalloproteinases and pro‐inflammatory markers and infiltration of immune cells induced by Ang II in the abdominal aorta were effectively reduced by SS31 and ER inhibitors. Further, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) deficiency in ApoE−/− mice attenuated Ang II‐mediated increase in vascular diameter and incidence of AAA, suggesting its contribution to the favourable response induced by ER stress inhibition.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur data demonstrate that inhibition of mitochondrial stress by SS31 limits AAA formation and increases survival through a reduction of vascular remodelling, inflammation and ROS, and support that attenuation of ER stress contributes to the favourable response elicited by SS31.
Educational attainment and employment of young adults ageing out of care: A registry study based on the Finnish birth cohort 1987
Authors: Pasanen Tytti P. , Keski‐Säntti Markus , Hilli Petri , Ristikari Tiina , Ståhl Timo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdolescents growing up outside their birth homes are at major risk for multiple adversities in early adulthood, including low education and unemployment. The transition from out‐of‐home placement to independent living overlaps with the transition from school to work and higher education. However, the support during this critical phase is often inadequate. Adolescents ageing out of care are also more likely to have faced adversities in their birth families. Yet, the interplay between different risk factors and having aged out of care has gained little attention. This study aimed to assess known risk factors for low education and unstable employment and their interaction with ageing out of care, controlling for birth‐home‐related adversities. We assessed this topic using logistic and linear regression modelling based on the Finnish birth cohort 1987 (n = 59 476) registry. Our analysis showed that obtaining upper secondary and higher education was much less likely among those ageing out of care, and they had spent 52–80 fewer days annually in employment after graduation. Few interactions with other risk factors were, however, found. Efforts are needed to prevent inequalities in education and employment for those ageing out of care in the transition phase from school to work.
Exploring the mechanisms explaining the quality of sibling relationships when children are taken into care: A qualitative study of Norwegian children
Authors: Hovland Wenche , Hean Sarah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSibling relationships are potentially central in children's and young people's lives. Research has shown that the quality of sibling relationships changes in a variety of ways when a sibling(s) moves into care. There is limited understanding of the mechanisms that cause these changes. This study addresses this gap by reanalysing a dataset of 25 semistructured interviews with young people (16 to 23 years) drawn from a municipality in Southern Norway. The original study explored the changes in sibling relationships when the young person moved into care. This reanalysis of the data set explores specifically, using a template analysis, the mechanisms that children describe when exploring why these changes occur. Findings show the intricacies of the young person's social identification with the biological and/or foster family and how sharing a common identity may be key to the development of the sibling relationship when the young person(s) is taken into care. Our findings also show how key adults, such as foster parents and social workers, influence the relationship. The paper concludes with recommendations for social workers on how they may strengthen sibling relationships in families where children have been taken into care.
Acetylated α‐tubulin alleviates injury to the dendritic spines after ischemic stroke in mice
Authors: Yang Chuanyan , Chen Xuezhu , Zhang Chenxu , Lei Xuejiao , Lu Yongling , Wang Yuhai , Feng Hua , Chen Tunan , Yang Yang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimFunctional recovery is associated with the preservation of dendritic spines in the penumbra area after stroke. Previous studies found that polymerized microtubules (MTs) serve a crucial role in regulating dendritic spine formation and plasticity. However, the mechanisms that are involved are poorly understood. This study is designed to understand whether the upregulation of acetylated α‐tubulin (α‐Ac‐Tub, a marker for stable, and polymerized MTs) could alleviate injury to the dendritic spines in the penumbra area and motor dysfunction after ischemic stroke.MethodsIschemic stroke was mimicked both in an in vivo and in vitro setup using middle cerebral artery occlusion and oxygen–glucose deprivation models. Thy1‐YFP mice were utilized to observe the morphology of the dendritic spines in the penumbra area. MEC17 is the specific acetyltransferase of α‐tubulin. Thy1 CreERT2‐eYFP and MEC17fl/fl mice were mated to produce mice with decreased expression of α‐Ac‐Tub in dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex. Moreover, AAV‐PHP.B‐DIO‐MEC17 virus and tubastatin A (TBA) were injected into Thy1 CreERT2‐eYFP and Thy1‐YFP mice to increase α‐Ac‐Tub expression. Single‐pellet retrieval, irregular ladder walking, rotarod, and cylinder tests were performed to test the motor function after the ischemic stroke.Resultsα‐Ac‐Tub was colocalized with postsynaptic density 95. Although knockout of MEC17 in the pyramidal neurons did not affect the density of the dendritic spines, it significantly aggravated the injury to them in the penumbra area and motor dysfunction after stroke. However, MEC17 upregulation in the pyramidal neurons and TBA treatment could maintain mature dendritic spine density and alleviate motor dysfunction after stroke.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that α‐Ac‐Tub plays a crucial role in the maintenance of the structure and functions of mature dendritic spines. Moreover, α‐Ac‐Tub protected the dendritic spines in the penumbra area and alleviated motor dysfunction after stroke.