bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JMJD3 downregulates IL4i1 aggravating lipopolysaccharide‐induced acute lung injury via H3K27 and H3K4 demethylation
Authors: Gao Yizhuo , Wang Na , Jia Dong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe pro‐inflammation M1 to anti‐inflammation M2 macrophage ratio contribute to the severity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced acute lung injury (ALI). JMJD3 aggravates the inflammatory reaction through affecting epigenetic modification and macrophage's phenotype to deteriorate ALI. To explore the mechanism underlying the upregulation of the macrophage M1/M2 ratio through JMJD3, we developed an ALI mouse model using intratracheal LPS, LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and inhibited JMJD3 using GSK‐J4. H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 were investigated as JMJD3‐mediated epigenetic alteration sites in vivo and in vitro. C/EBPβ and KDM5A were validated as linking factors between H3K27 and H3K4. IL4i1 was investigated as a JMJD3‐mediated targeted gene to regulate the macrophage M1/M2 ratio. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to evaluate the relationship between H3K27me3 and C/ebpβ, C/EBPβ and Kdm5a, H3K4me3 and Il4i1. Inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK‐J4 can relieve inflammation and pathological performance in ALI. JMJD3 can reduce IL4i1 expression to increase the macrophage M1/M2 ratio and aggravated ALI which process was mediated via JMJD3‐indcued H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 demethylation, latter H3K4me3 demethylation inhibited IL4i1 transcription. Inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK‐J4 can increase IL4i1 expression, subsequently decreasing the expressions of M1 and increasing of M2 in vivo. The over‐expression IL4i1 in LPS‐stimulated macrophage or inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK‐J4 can both reverse the increase of the macrophage M1/M2 ratio in vitro. C/EBPβ and KDM5A were upregulated by LPS simulation, which linked JMJD3‐induced H3K27‐H3K4 demethylation. JMJD3 inhibited IL4i1 to increase the macrophage M1/M2 phenotype ratio and aggravate LPS‐induced ALI. Using GSK‐J4 to inhibit JMJD3 may facilitate the treatment of LPS‐induced ALI.
Supporting the Writing Development of Emergent Bilingual Children: Universal and Language‐Specific Approaches
Authors: Bingham Gary E. , Gerde Hope K. , Zhang Chenyi , Zhang Xiao Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEmergent bilingual children express their ideas in written language through meaningful marks on a page by leveraging their oral language and print focused skills from home and school languages. Because writing is a complex task, particularly for children learning more than one language, teachers must make decisions about how they guide children through the writing process and how they respond in the moment to children’s writing ideas or actions. This article addresses the early writing environments and instructional practices needed to meet the needs of emergent bilingual writers. We examine how universal and language specific oral to written connections can be utilized in every day classroom interactions to support emergent bilingual children’s meaning and print based writing skills. Detailed examples of modeling and scaffolding practices that support preschool children’s writing development are described. Early writing, emergent bilinguals, early literacy, teacher practice, dual language learners, modeling, scaffolding.
Ultrasound‐guided sciatic nerve block in two alpacas (Vicugna pacos) as part of an anaesthesia plan for hindlimb fractures
Authors: Ruíz‐López Patricia , Felisberto Ricardo , Haardt Hanna , Martens Ann , Schauvliege Stijn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present case report describes the management of two alpacas undergoing repair of a metatarsal and a distal tibial fracture, respectively. Both animals received ketamine and medetomidine intramuscularly, resulting in deep sedation. Endotracheal intubation was performed, and general anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane. An in‐plane ultrasound‐guided sciatic nerve block was performed at the level of the mid‐thigh with bupivacaine 0.5% before surgery as part of the analgesic treatment. Meloxicam was administered. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure and respiratory rate were stable during the surgery, despite the use of a low end‐tidal sevoflurane concentration. No opioids were required intraoperatively. Duration of the anaesthesia was 205 and 255 minutes, respectively. Extubation was performed 12 and 6 minutes after discontinuing sevoflurane administration, respectively. In both cases, regional anaesthesia of the sciatic nerve improved the intraoperative management of alpacas that required surgical treatment for fractures.
Clinical presentation and diagnosis of pulmonary hydatidosis in a cow mimicking to aspiration pneumonia
Authors: Muniruzzaman Md. , Hossain Md. Shahadat , Labony Sharmin Shahid , Alim Md. Abdul , Anisuzzaman  
Published: December 2022

AbstractHydatid cyst, the larval stage of Echinococcus spp., is one of the most significant zoonotic helminths affecting humans and animals, particularly livestock. The disease has an enormous economic impact not only on livestock and wildlife but also on human health. Here, we present an interesting case of hydatidosis in a 5‐year‐old cow that was confirmed by postmortem examination. Body temperature was slightly elevated, but the cow showed severe dyspnoea. During clinical examination, we heard a crackling sound, suggestive of aspiration pneumonia but there was no history of drenching/gavage. Considering aspiration pneumonia, the animal was treated with antibiotic, antihistaminic, bronchodilator and other supportive drugs, but there was no recovery, and the cow died. Postmortem examination revealed multiple hydatid cysts in lungs. One big hydatid cyst was found at the tracheal bifurcation pressing the airways, which might be the possible cause of severe respiratory distress and death of the animal.
n‐ to p‐type Sr2Fe1+xRe1‐xO6 double perovskites: magnetoresistance and magnetoSeebeck
Authors: Hébert Sylvie , Carbonio Raul , Martin Christine , Maignan Antoine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe T‐dependent Seebeck (S) of several samples belonging to the Sr2Fe1+xRe1‐xO6 series (x≤0.33) has been investigated. All these polycrystalline samples synthesized by solid state reaction in closed vessels crystallize in the I4/m double perovskite structure. Though ferrimagnetic with TC>400 K, the decrease of their magnetization as x increases from x=0.00 is explained by the cation disorder induced by the deviation from the ideal 1 : 1 Re/Fe ratio for the 2a and 2b crystallographic sites. Interestingly, it is found that at room temperature, the S sign changes from S>0 to S<0 as x increases to about x=0.25. Despite that the magnitude of their magnetoresistance, near −20 % in 9T and at T=5 K, is not very sensitive to x, a positive magneto Seebeck effect is observed only for the samples exhibiting S(300 K)>0. This asymmetry in the magnetothermopower properties of the n‐ and p‐type samples is interpreted in the framework of the spin polarized transport of these magnetoresistive double‐perovskites.
A note on multi-trace EYM amplitudes in four dimensions
Authors: Xie Chongsi , Du Yi-Jian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In four dimensions, a tree-level double-trace Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) amplitude with two negative-helicity gluons (the (g−, g−)-configuration) satisfies a symmetric spanning forest formula, which was derived from the graphic expansion rule. On another hand, in the framework of Cachazo-He-Yuan (CHY) formula, the maximally-helicity-violating (MHV) amplitudes are supported by the MHV solution of scattering equations. The relationship between the symmetric formula for double-trace amplitudes, and the MHV sector of Cachazo-He-Yuan (CHY) formula in four dimensions is still not clear. In this note, we promote a series of transformations of the spanning forests in four dimensions and then show a systematic way for decomposing the MHV sector of the CHY formula of double-trace EYM amplitudes. Along this line, the symmetric formula of double-trace MHV amplitudes is directly obtained by the MHV sector of CHY formula. We then prove that EYM amplitude with an arbitrary total number of negative-helicity particles (gravitons and gluons) has to vanish when the number of negative- (or positive-) helicity gluons is less than the number of traces.
Amplitudes, Hopf algebras and the colour-kinematics duality
Authors: Brandhuber Andreas , Brown Graham R. , Chen Gang , Gowdy Joshua , Travaglini Gabriele , Wen Congkao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt was recently proposed that the kinematic algebra featuring in the colour-kinematics duality for scattering amplitudes in heavy-mass effective field theory (HEFT) and Yang-Mills theory is a quasi-shuffle Hopf algebra. The associated fusion product determines the structure of the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson (BCJ) numerators, which are manifestly gauge invariant and with poles corresponding to heavy-particle exchange. In this work we explore the deep connections between the quasi-shuffle algebra and general physical properties of the scattering amplitudes. First, after proving the double-copy form for gravitational HEFT amplitudes, we show that the coproducts of the kinematic algebra are in correspondence with factorisations of BCJ numerators on massive poles. We then study an extension of the standard quasi-shuffle Hopf algebra to a non-abelian version describing BCJ numerators with all possible gluon orderings. This is achieved by tensoring the original algebra with a particular Hopf algebra of orderings. In this extended version, a specific choice of the coproduct in the algebra of orderings leads to an antipode in the resulting Hopf algebra that has the interpretation of reversing the gluons’ order within each BCJ numerator.
Behavioural and physiological responses to experimental temperature changes in a long-billed and long-legged bird: a role for relative appendage size?
Authors: Playà-Montmany Núria , González-Medina Erick , Cabello-Vergel Julián , Parejo Manuel , Abad-Gómez José M. , Sánchez-Guzmán Juan M. , Villegas Auxiliadora , Masero José A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Maintaining homeothermy may be a major challenge when species are confronted with ambient temperatures beyond their thermoneutral zone. Bird species occupying open landscapes are inherently exposed to acute heat loss and heat gain, which force them to adopt a suite of behavioural and physiological strategies to maintain homeothermy. Both types of responses could be influenced by their relative bill and leg sizes, but experimental data are lacking. Here, we evaluated how variation in body postural adjustments, panting, and locomotor activity in the dunlin Calidris alpina can be explained by experimental ambient temperature and relative bill and leg sizes. Additionally, we estimated resting metabolic rate and evaporative water loss to assess potential links between both physiological traits and relative bill and leg sizes. Temperatures below the thermoneutral zone were counteracted by enhancing metabolic heat production through increased locomotor activity, while body postural adjustments were used less than expected. Within the thermoneutral zone, back rest (tucking the bill under body feathers) and unipedal (standing on one leg) were preferred by dunlins, probably as being more comfortable for resting. At temperatures above the thermoneutral zone, dunlins were inactive and increased the time of bill exposure and wet-sitting and ultimately panting when challenged with temperatures above 37 °C. Interestingly, above the thermoneutral zone, but below their body temperature, birds with relatively longer bills and legs spent more time exposing them, probably to increase dry heat transfer into the environment. Our findings also highlighted the importance of the availability of wet substrates for minimising heat stress in wetland species.

Significance statement
Recent correlational field studies found support for a relationship between relative bill and leg sizes and thermoregulatory behaviour in birds inhabiting open landscapes. However, experimental data are lacking, and the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. Here, we performed an experiment to model behavioural and physiological responses to ambient temperature change and relative bill and leg sizes in the dunlin Calidris alpina, a long-billed and long-legged shorebird. Additionally, we also examined potential links among metabolic rates, evaporative water loss and relative appendage sizes. Our findings showed a strong experimental relationship between behavioural and physiological responses and ambient temperature, as well as a link between appendage size and resting body postures. Our findings also have a conservation message by highlighting that the type of substrate available for roosting is important for minimising heat stress in wetland species.
Diversity of Myxobacteria Isolated from Indonesian Mangroves and Their Potential for New Antimicrobial Sources
Authors: Octaviana Senlie , Primahana Gian , Mozef Tjandrawati , Borges Luiz G. A. , Pieper Dietmar H. , Wink Joachim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMangroves are unique intertidal ecosystems that provide ecological niches to different microbes, which play various roles in nutrient recycling and diverse environmental activities. The association between myxobacteria and mangroves are hitherto poorly understood. The aim of our study was to evaluate the myxobacterial community composition as well as isolate myxobacteria and to characterize the antimicrobial activity of myxobacteria isolates from Indonesian mangroves. Twenty-five cultivable myxobacteria were affiliated in six genera: Myxococcus, Corallococcus, Archangium, Chondromyces, Racemicystis and Nannocystis of the order Myxococcales based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. Thirteen crude extracts showed moderate activities against at least one of human pathogenic microorganisms. The crude extract of Racemicystis sp. strain 503MSO indicated a novel compound, which has not been reported in the database yet and the identification of this compound needs further study. The myxobacterial communities of three different sampling sites were analyzed using primers adapted for the myxobacteria group identification. The results showed that myxobacterial communities are more diverse than assumed. Therefore, our study has highlighted the importance of the mangrove habitat as promising harbor of myxobacteria as well as novel antimicrobial compounds with activity against pathogenic microorganisms.
Quantitative CT analysis of lung parenchyma to improve malignancy risk estimation in incidental pulmonary nodules
Authors: Peters Alan A. , Weinheimer Oliver , von Stackelberg Oyunbileg , Kroschke Jonas , Piskorski Lars , Debic Manuel , Schlamp Kai , Welzel Linn , Pohl Moritz , Christe Andreas , Ebner Lukas , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Heußel Claus Peter , Wielpütz Mark O. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the value of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) of the whole lung and nodule-bearing lobe regarding pulmonary nodule malignancy risk estimation.

Methods
A total of 251 subjects (median [IQR] age, 65 (57–73) years; 37% females) with pulmonary nodules on non-enhanced thin-section CT were retrospectively included. Twenty percent of the nodules were malignant, the remainder benign either histologically or at least 1-year follow-up. CT scans were subjected to in-house software, computing parameters such as mean lung density (MLD) or peripheral emphysema index (pEI). QCT variable selection was performed using logistic regression; selected variables were integrated into the Mayo Clinic and the parsimonious Brock Model.

Results
Whole-lung analysis revealed differences between benign vs. malignant nodule groups in several parameters, e.g. the MLD (−766 vs. −790 HU) or the pEI (40.1 vs. 44.7 %). The proposed QCT model had an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.69 (95%-CI, 0.62−0.76) based on all available data. After integrating MLD and pEI into the Mayo Clinic and Brock Model, the AUC of both clinical models improved (AUC, 0.91 to 0.93 and 0.88 to 0.91, respectively). The lobe-specific analysis revealed that the nodule-bearing lobes had less emphysema than the rest of the lung regarding benign (EI, 0.5 vs. 0.7 %; p < 0.001) and malignant nodules (EI, 1.2 vs. 1.7 %; p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Nodules in subjects with higher whole-lung metrics of emphysema and less fibrosis are more likely to be malignant; hereby the nodule-bearing lobes have less emphysema. QCT variables could improve the risk assessment of incidental pulmonary nodules.

Key Points
• Nodules in subjects with higher whole-lung metrics of emphysema and less fibrosis are more likely to be malignant.
• The nodule-bearing lobes have less emphysema compared to the rest of the lung.
• QCT variables could improve the risk assessment of incidental pulmonary nodules.
Assessing breast density using the chemical-shift encoding-based proton density fat fraction in 3-T MRI
Authors: Borde Tabea , Wu Mingming , Ruschke Stefan , Boehm Christof , Stelter Jonathan , Weiss Kilian , Metz Stephan , Makowski Marcus Richard , Karampinos Dimitrios C. , Fallenberg Eva Maria 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
There is a clinical need for a non-ionizing, quantitative assessment of breast density, as one of the strongest independent risk factors for breast cancer. This study aims to establish proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as a quantitative biomarker for fat tissue concentration in breast MRI and correlate mean breast PDFF to mammography.

Methods
In this retrospective study, 193 women were routinely subjected to 3-T MRI using a six-echo chemical shift encoding-based water-fat sequence. Water-fat separation was based on a signal model accounting for a single T2* decay and a pre-calibrated 7-peak fat spectrum resulting in volumetric fat-only, water-only images, PDFF- and T2*-values. After semi-automated breast segmentation, PDFF and T2* values were determined for the entire breast and fibroglandular tissue. The mammographic and MRI-based breast density was classified by visual estimation using the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System categories (ACR A-D).

Results
The PDFF negatively correlated with mammographic and MRI breast density measurements (Spearman rho: −0.74, p < .001) and revealed a significant distinction between all four ACR categories. Mean T2* of the fibroglandular tissue correlated with increasing ACR categories (Spearman rho: 0.34, p < .001). The PDFF of the fibroglandular tissue showed a correlation with age (Pearson rho: 0.56, p = .03).

Conclusion
The proposed breast PDFF as an automated tissue fat concentration measurement is comparable with mammographic breast density estimations. Therefore, it is a promising approach to an accurate, user-independent, and non-ionizing breast density assessment that could be easily incorporated into clinical routine breast MRI exams.

Key Points
• The proposed PDFF strongly negatively correlates with visually determined mammographic and MRI-based breast density estimations and therefore allows for an accurate, non-ionizing, and user-independent breast density measurement.
• In combination with T2*, the PDFF can be used to track structural alterations in the composition of breast tissue for an individualized risk assessment for breast cancer.
A convection-permitting and limited-area model hindcast driven by ERA5 data: precipitation performances in Italy
Authors: Capecchi Valerio , Pasi Francesco , Gozzini Bernardo , Brandini Carlo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study describes the implementation and performances of a weather hindcast obtained by dynamically downscaling the ERA5 data across the period 1979–2019. The limited-area models used to perform the hindcast are BOLAM (with a grid spacing of 7 km over the Mediterranean domain) and MOLOCH (with a grid spacing of 2.5 km over Italy). BOLAM is used to provide initial and boundary conditions to the inner grid of the MOLOCH model, which is set in a convection-permitting configuration. The performances of such limited-area, high-resolution and long-term hindcast are evaluated comparing modelled precipitation data against two high-resolution gridded observational datasets. Any potential added-value of the BOLAM/MOLOCH hindcast is assessed with respect to ERA5-Land data, which are used as benchmark. Results demonstrate that the MOLOCH hindcast, compared to observations, provides a lower bias than ERA5-Land as regards both the mean annual rainfall ($$-$$
-
1.3% vs 8.7%) and the 90th percentile of summer daily precipitation, although a wet bias is found in southern Italy (bias $$\simeq$$
≃
17.1%). Improvements are also gained in the simulation of the 90th percentile of hourly precipitations both in winter and, to a minor extent, in summer. The diurnal cycle of summer precipitations is found to be better reconstructed in the Alps than in the hilly areas of southern Italy. This study also presents the rainfall peaks obtained in the simulation of two well-known severe precipitation events that caused floods and damages in north-western Italy in 1994 and 2011. Finally, it is discussed how the demonstrated reliability of the BOLAM and MOLOCH models associated to the documented low computational cost, promote their use as a valuable tool for downscaling not only reanalyses but also climate projections.
Auxin homeostasis in maize (Zea mays) is regulated via 1-O-indole-3-acetyl-myo-inositol synthesis at early stages of seedling development and under abiotic stress
Authors: Ciarkowska Anna , Wojtaczka Patrycja , Kęsy Jacek , Ostrowski Maciej 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Main conclusion
Indole-3-acetyl-myo-inositol biosynthesis is regulated during maize seedling development and in response to drought and cold stress. The main purpose of this pathway is maintenance of auxin homeostasis.

Abstract
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) conjugation to myo-inositol is a part of a mechanism controlling free auxin level in maize. In this work, we investigated changes in the indole-3-acetyl-myo-inositol (IAInos) biosynthesis pathway in 3-d- and 6-d-old maize seedlings and germinating seeds as well as in seedlings subjected to drought and cold stress to evaluate a role of this pathway in maize development and stress response. In germinating seeds, activity of the enzymes involved in IAInos biosynthesis remains unchanged between 3-d- and 6-d-old material but increases in coleoptiles and radicles of the seedlings. Under cold stress, in germinating seeds and in coleoptiles, activity of the enzymes decreases and increases, respectively; however, it does not entail changes in auxin level. In drought-exposed germinating maize seeds, totally diminished activities of IAInos synthesis pathway enzymes resulted in almost twofold increase of free IAA content. Similar increase of auxin level was observed in radicles of drought-subjected seedlings together with lack of catalytic activity of the first enzyme of the pathway. Exogenous IAInos has no effect on the level of non-enzymatic antioxidant, ascorbate. It has also either no effect on the protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation, or it affects it in a similar way as exogenously applied IAA and myo-inositol, which are products of IAInos hydrolysis. Thus, IAInos biosynthesis pathway acts in maize development and stress responses by regulation of free IAA concentration, as IAInos itself does not appear to have a distinct role in these processes.