bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual energy maximization for NOMA-enabled UAV-assisted data collection network: trajectory optimization and resource allocation
Authors: Du Yu , Guo Yijun , Hao Jianjun , Zhu Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we concentrate on a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-enabled UAV data collection network for Internet of Things devices (IoTDs), where a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is deployed as an aerial base station. During its flight period, the UAV can collect data from IoTDs and take advantage of the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer technology to charge the batteries of IoTDs. With the aid of NOMA, spectrum efficiency has been improved. We aim to prolong the lifetime of the IoT network, via jointly optimizing the UAV trajectory, the time allocation for information communication and wireless power transfer, the IoTDs’ transmit power, as well as the IoTDs’ group scheduling for NOMA. Then, we use the block coordinate decent and successive convex approximation techniques to tackle the non-convexity of the formulated problem. Numerical results show that the proposed solution increases the residual energy of the IoTDs, thus prolonging the lifetime of the network.
Infrared spectroscopy reveals the reactivity of fatty acids on copper surfaces and its implications for cultural heritage objects
Authors: Boyatzis Stamatis C. , Fragkos-Livanios Leonidas , Giannoulaki Maria , Filopoulou Anna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The reactivities of various fatty monoacids and diacids on copper metal-containing surfaces were investigated through reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy. The formation of copper carboxylates is detected on pure copper surfaces, while copper and zinc carboxylates are simultaneously formed on brass surfaces. Following the decrease of acid carbonyl and the formation of carboxylate infrared bands, it is shown that fatty monoacids C8 and C10 react with clean/polished copper and its zinc alloy within 2–4 h, while those with chains > C12 react within days. At the end of the processes, only the corresponding metal carboxylates are detected in all cases. An explanation for the above is offered on a molecular mobility and acidity basis, where the lower monoacids (liquids in room temperature), also having lower pKa values, favor higher reaction rates. Furthermore, it is argued that longer-chain fatty monoacids, when deposited from their solutions, allow for favorable orientation resulting in self-assembled monolayer-type molecular packing on the copper surface, which may additionally rationalize the slower reaction. Interestingly, fatty diacids do not form any carboxylate products under the same conditions, as it is argued that their molecules may efficiently pack as self-assembled multilayers on copper and ultimately protect it. The possible implications of the fatty monoacid and diacid behavior on the archaeological organic residues level and regarding the stability of copper alloys are discussed.
Response of aurora candidates in the Chinese official histories to the space climate during 511–1876
Authors: Lee Po-Han , Liu Jann-Yenq 
Published: September 2023

AbstractContinuous observations at specified locations and chronicling of astronomical phenomena provide a good opportunity to study ancient space weather. There are 248 white, 125 red, and 44 blue color aurora-like descriptions, also known as aurora candidates, recorded in Chinese official historical records during the 1365-year period of 511–1876. Qualitative descriptions of the color, location, and appearance time of these candidates are quantitatively denoted. The red, white, and blue aurora candidates occurred most frequently 34% in autumn, 32% in summer, and 49% in summer, respectively. The white and red aurora as well as the overall candidates tend to appear during high solar activity periods. By contrast, the blue candidates frequently occur during low solar activity periods. Statistical results with 90% confidence intervals further show that the relationship between solar activities and overall/red (white/blue) aurora candidates is significant (insignificant). The red aurora candidates that frequently occurred in autumn during the periods of high solar activity agree well with those of low/middle latitude auroras, while the white aurora candidates might be confounded by noctilucent clouds or other atmospheric optical events, such as airglows, moon halo, etc. The study of ancient space weather/climate based on historical records shows that aurora occurrences are related to solar activities, and in particular, red auroras frequently appear in low/middle latitudes during high solar activity periods.
Graphical Abstract
Extra-short implants (≤ 6.5 mm in length) in atrophic and non-atrophic sites to support screw-retained full-arch restoration: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Eguia Asier , Alkhraisat Mohammad Hamdan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Increasing scientific evidence support extending the application of short dental implants to non-atrophic dental arches. The purpose of this study has been the evaluation of extra-short implants (≤ 6.5 mm in length) that were placed in atrophic and non-atrophic anatomical sites to support the same prosthesis.

Methods
For that, a retrospective study was conducted by including complete dentures that were solely supported by extra-short implants in the maxilla and/or the mandible. Clinical data about patients, implants, anatomy, and prosthesis were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed to assess implant- and prosthesis-survival, changes in the marginal bone level and prosthetic complications.

Results
A total of 87 implants in 15 screw-retained complete dentures were assessed. None of the prostheses nor the extra-short implant failed during the follow-up of 27.2 ± 15.4 months. The changes in the mesial and distal marginal bone level were + 0.15 ± 0.51 mm and + 0.11 ± 0.50 mm, respectively. Comparing the implants according to the availability of sufficient bone to place longer implants, indicated the absence of significant differences in the changes of the mesial marginal bone level. However, the changes in the distal marginal bone level showed a statistically significant difference in favor of implants that were placed in non-atrophic sites. Two events of screw loosening were reported that were resolved by retightening the screws.

Conclusions
Implant- and prosthesis-related outcomes support the use of extra-short implants in atrophic and non-atrophic site to support complete prosthesis.

Graphical Abstract
Investigating the influence of visuospatial stimuli on driver’s speed perception: a laboratory study
Authors: Köhler Anna-Lena , Klatt Maren , Koch Iring , Ladwig Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDriving at an inappropriate speed is a major accident cause in the EU. Understanding the underlying sensory mechanisms can help to reduce speed and increase traffic safety. The present study investigated the effect of visuospatial stimuli on speed perception using an adaptive countermeasure to speeding based on a manipulation of optic flow. We added red lights on both sides of a simulated road. We expected speed to be perceived as faster when lights moved toward drivers due to increased optic flow, whereas we expected static light stimuli to not alter the optic flow and thus not influence speed perception. Two experiments applied the method of constant stimuli. To this end, participants encountered several trials of two video sequences on a straight road. A reference sequence showed the same traveling speed while test sequences varied around different traveling speeds. Participants indicated which sequence they perceived as faster, leading to the calculation of the point of subjective equality (PSE). A lower PSE indicates that the speed in this experimental condition is perceived as faster than in another experimental condition. Experiment 1A did not show a difference between PSEs of static and oncoming lights. Because participants had counted reflector posts for speed estimation, we removed these reflector posts in Experiment 1B and found a lower PSE for oncoming lights. Thus, such light stimuli may have an effect only in situations without other competing visual stimuli supporting speed perception. Future research should investigate whether speed perception is indeed a primarily visuospatial control task or whether other sensory information such as auditory factors can have an influence as well.
Effects of metformin on fibroblast growth factor 21 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: faraway but so close
Authors: Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Jabir Majid S. , Albukhaty Salim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and hyperglycemia. The development of inflammatory disorders in T2DM triggers the activation of different growth factors as a compensatory mechanism to reduce IR and adipose tissue dysfunction in T2DM. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) which is involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis is attractive to be a novel therapeutic target in the management of T2DM. FGF21 has poor pharmacokinetic profile as it rapidly degraded; therefore, FGF21 analogs which are more stable can be used in T2DM patients. However, FGF21 analogs are tested pre-clinically but not approved in clinical settings. Therefore, searching for anti-diabetic agents who enhance FGF21 expression is mandatory. It has been shown that metformin which used as a first-line in the management of T2DM can positively affect the expression of FGF21, though the underlying mechanisms for metformin-induced FGF21 expression are not fully elucidated. Therefore, this review from published studies aimed to find how metformin improves insulin sensitivity through FGF21-dependent pathway in T2DM. In conclusion, metformin improves FGF21 signaling in T2DM, and this could be a novel mechanism for metformin in the amelioration of glucose homeostasis and metabolic disorders in T2DM patients.
Angiofibroma of the maxillary sinus mimicking mucocele: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Cheah Siew Chung , Lim Eng Haw , Japar Rohaizam , Jais Murni Hartini , Mohamad Irfan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Angiofibroma is a rare, histologically benign but locally aggressive vascular tumour that typically arises within the nasopharynx. Angiofibroma in sites other than the nasopharynx is extremely uncommon. Despite the histological similarities, the clinical features of this tumour are very much different from the typical nasopharyngeal angiofibroma and pose a diagnostic challenge, hence emphasizing the importance of a thorough evaluation and high index of suspicion in establishing the correct diagnosis.

Case presentation
A 25-year-old gentleman presented with progressive right nasal blockage and intermittent nasal discharge for 3 years duration. He was clinically and radiologically diagnosed as a mucocele. Surgical excision was done via endoscopic medial maxillectomy with complete relief of all the symptoms.

Conclusion
Although uncommon, angiofibroma can occur outside the nasopharynx. Therefore, thorough evaluation and a high index of suspicion are crucial in establishing the correct diagnosis.
A comprehensive evaluation of adverse childhood experiences, social–emotional impairments, and neurodevelopmental disorders in cannabis-use disorder: Implications for clinical practice
Authors: Trovini Giada , Amici Emanuela , Bauco Piergiorgio , Matrone Marta , Lombardozzi Ginevra , Giovanetti Valeria , Kotzalidis Georgios D. , De Filippis Sergio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), social–emotional impairments (SEIs), and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) are frequent in psychiatric disorders, including substance-use disorders. We aimed to determine the prevalence of ACE, SEI, or ND in individuals with cannabis-use disorder (CUD). We compared individuals with preCUD-onset ACE, SEI, or ND to those without.

Methods
We crosssectionally studied 323 inpatients or outpatients with a history of past or current CUD, aged 12–35 years (mean age 22.94 ± 4.79), 64.5% of whom were male. The sample was divided into two groups: the non-premorbid (N = 52) and the premorbid ACE/SEI/ND group (N = 271). Within the premorbid group, further subgroups were based on ACEs, SEI, and NDs. We also analyzed other substance use and psychiatric symptoms/diagnoses based on the non-premorbid-premorbid dichotomy in the CUD sample.

Results
Pre-CUD ACE-SEI-ND had higher prevalence of bipolar, schizoaffective, borderline personality, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders, and a history of agitation, hallucinations, and self-injury. The ACE group had higher rates of agitation, depression, delusions, hallucinations, eating disorders, and use of cocaine, amphetamines, and hallucinogens than the SEI or ND. Patients in the premorbid group initiated cannabis use at an earlier age, experienced the first comorbid psychiatric episode earlier, and were hospitalized earlier than those in the non- premorbid ACE-SEI-ND group.

Conclusions
PreCUD-onset ACE, SEI, or ND conditions in individuals with CUDare linked to earlier onset of comorbid mental illness. Furthermore, ACEs contribute to significant and potentially severe clinical symptoms, as well as the use of substances other than cannabis.
Comparative Analysis of ActiGraph Step Counting Methods in Adults: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: TOTH LINDSAY , PALUCH AMANDA E. , BASSETT DAVID R. , REES-PUNIA ERIKA , EBERL ERIC M. , PARK SUSAN , EVENSON KELLY R. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The primary aim of this study was to compare steps per day across ActiGraph models, wear locations, and filtering methods. A secondary aim was to compare ActiGraph steps per day to those estimated by the ankle-worn StepWatch.

Methods
We conducted a systematic literature review to identify studies of adults published before May 12, 2022, that compared free-living steps per day of ActiGraph step counting methods and studies that compared ActiGraph to StepWatch. Random-effects meta-analysis compared ActiGraph models, wear locations, filter mechanisms, and ActiGraph to StepWatch steps per day. A sensitivity analysis of wear location by younger and older age was included.

Results
Twelve studies, with 46 comparisons, were identified. When worn on the hip, the AM-7164 recorded 123% of the GT series steps (no low-frequency extension (no LFE) or default filter). However, the AM-7164 recorded 72% of the GT series steps when the LFE was enabled. Independent of the filter used (i.e., LFE, no LFE), ActiGraph GT series monitors captured more steps on the wrist than on the hip, especially among older adults. Enabling the LFE on the GT series monitors consistently recorded more steps, regardless of wear location. When using the default filter (no LFE), ActiGraph recorded fewer steps than StepWatch (ActiGraph on hip 73% and ActiGraph on wrist 97% of StepWatch steps). When LFE was enabled, ActiGraph recorded more steps than StepWatch (ActiGraph on the hip, 132%; ActiGraph on the wrist, 178% of StepWatch steps).

Conclusions
The choice of ActiGraph model, wear location, and filter all impacted steps per day in adults. These can markedly alter the steps recorded compared with a criterion method (StepWatch). This review provides critical insights for comparing studies using different ActiGraph step counting methods.
Upper Limb Strength and Performance Deficits after Glenohumeral Joint Stabilization Surgery in Contact and Collision Athletes
Authors: FANNING EDEL , DANIELS KATHERINE , COOLS ANN , MULLETT HANNAN , DELANEY RUTH , MCFADDEN CIARAN , FALVEY EANNA 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The primary aim was to identify and quantify differences in interlimb asymmetry magnitudes across a battery of upper extremity strength and performance tests at 4 and 6 months after glenohumeral joint stabilization surgery shoulder stabilization in contact and collision athletes compared with an un-injured group. A secondary aim was to investigate if identified asymmetry magnitudes changed from 4 to 6 months after glenohumeral joint stabilization surgery. The third aim was to explore associations within the different performance and strength variables.

Methods
Fifty-six male contact and collision sport athletes who had had undergone unilateral glenohumeral joint stabilization were tested at 4 and 6 months after surgery. An un-injured control group (n = 39 for upper extremity performance tests, n = 47 for isokinetic dynamometry) were tested on a single occasion. Three upper extremity force platform-based performance tests and angle-specific concentric internal and external isokinetic shoulder rotational strength were assessed, and interlimb asymmetries were compared between the two groups.

Results
At 4 months after surgery, the glenohumeral joint stabilization group demonstrated significantly higher absolute interlimb asymmetry values than the un-injured group for almost all the performance test variables. In the ballistic upper-body performance tests, the glenohumeral joint stabilization group achieved only half the body elevation reached by the un-injured (counter-movement push-up jump height (η
2 = 0.50) and press-jump jump height (η
2 = 0.39)). At 6 months after surgery, absolute interlimb asymmetries reduced for the performance test variables, but some asymmetry persisted. The glenohumeral joint stabilization group had significantly greater absolute interlimb asymmetries for five out the eight isokinetic variables.

Conclusions
Contact and collision athletes who may be cleared to return to sport at 4 to 6 months after glenohumeral joint stabilization surgery shoulder stabilization continue to demonstrate upper limb strength and performance deficits when compared with their un-injured limb and their un-injured counterparts.
Assessment of kisspeptin and trappin level in Iraqi women with early pregnancy loss: a cross sectional study
Authors: Hasan Ali Alanbaki Noor , Hameed Abdullah Baydaa , Abdullkareem Wasan 
Published: September 2023

Background: Early pregnancy loss (EPL) is a prevalent medical condition that can have significant and long-lasting impacts on an individual's life. At present, the determination of the feasibility of initial gestation is ascertained through the measurement of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations. Notwithstanding, an elevated hCG level in women during their initial trimester who exhibit bleeding does not constantly imply a sustainable pregnancy. Kisspeptin, a well-established regulator of maturation that is widely present in the placenta, represents a valuable biomarker for the assessment of miscarriages and placental dysfunction. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain key biomarkers (namely kisspeptin, trappin, and hCG) in females who have experienced a previous miscarriage. Methods: The study included 90 participants, including 60 pregnant women having a history of abortion in the first trimester and 30 healthy individuals who attended Al Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital and Abu Ghraib Hospital Baghdad Governorate, and ranged in age from 18 to 38 years. Sera from all participants were tested to evaluate various research parameters. Results: Trappin levels were less crucial to hCG than kisspeptin levels. The risk of miscarriage decreases as kisspeptin levels increase. Conclusions: The development of a preliminary screening test aimed at identifying patients who are at risk of miscarriage could potentially offer benefits in terms of offering supplementary emotional assistance and continuation of medical care. Kisspeptin has been identified as a prospective indicator for placental performance. Kisspeptin exhibits potential as a biomarker for assessing the viability of pregnancy and holds promise for clinical utility in the development of a precise diagnostic tool for early pregnancy outcome prediction.
Analysis of the stationarity and correlation of the global temperature and carbon dioxide time series
Authors: Rupassara Upul , Frantsvog Sarah , Holen Ashley , Robinson Karen 
Published: September 2023

Background: The rapid and ongoing phenomenon of global warming has negatively impacted both the Earth’s environment and its inhabitants. Time series and regression analysis techniques play a significant role in weather forecasting and the interpretation of climate data. One of the key characteristics of time series analysis is stationarity. Methods: In this article, we explore how detrending and differencing techniques can be used to transform the time series of global temperature and carbon dioxide into stationary series. Regression models and goodness of fit tests were used to examine the relationship between carbon dioxide and data on global temperature. A cross-correlation time series model is also used to assess those time series’ lagging and leading characteristics. Results: The study of data on global temperature anomalies indicates that detrending and differencing are helpful in transforming temperature time series into stationary time series. However, the first differencing and detrending methods do not make the carbon dioxide time series stationary; instead, an alternate transformation is needed. Neither the carbon dioxide time series nor the global temperature time series lag or lead with regard to the cross-correlation function. Conclusions: In this article, we looked into stationarity and some other topics associated with correlation in terms of data on CO2 and global temperature. Stationarity is one of the important properties to check before conducting a more thorough investigation of the time series. To transform a non-stationary time series into a stationary one, there are numerous techniques available. However, in this article, we just pay attention to detrending and differencing and how those methods perform with respect to time series data for global temperature and carbon dioxide.