bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status of the invasion of Carpobrotus edulis in Uruguay based on community science records
Authors: Grattarola Florencia , Rodríguez-Tricot Lucía , Zarucki Matías , Laufer Gabriel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Carpobrotus edulis, a highly invasive plant species repeatedly introduced along the Atlantic coast of South America, poses a significant threat to the ecological integrity of coastal dune ecosystems in Uruguay. This study used 15 years of iNaturalist records to assess the magnitude of Carpobrotusinvasion, focusing on its distribution, abundance, and reproductive structures. Through the analysis of georeferenced and dated data, we determined that Carpobrotus has spread extensively, covering a 10-km-wide coastal area and occupying approximately 220 km along the Atlantic coast and the outer Rio de la Plata estuary. The presence of this species in both natural and urbanized areas highlights the urgent need for effective management strategies to mitigate its impact on native biodiversity. Utilizing community science platforms like iNaturalist has been instrumental in monitoring and documenting invasive species occurrences. However, further investigations are necessary, particularly in less sampled regions, to fully understand the extent of Carpobrotus invasion, especially along the eastern coast of Uruguay. To uphold conservation efforts and protect the country's coastal ecosystems, it is crucial for local authorities to reassess current practices related to exotic ornamental planting, which facilitates the spread of Carpobrotus. This study emphasizes the importance of robust monitoring programs in combating invasive species. By addressing the invasion of C. edulis, the ecological integrity of coastal dune ecosystems can be preserved, ensuring the survival of native flora and fauna along Uruguay's Atlantic coast.
Towards carbon-neutral cities: an assessment of urban CO2 removal and albedo management
Authors: Mendez Quirina Rodriguez , Creutzig Felix , Fuss Sabine , Lück Sarah 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Cities worldwide are increasingly committing to achieving net-zero carbon emissions in the coming decades. Most cities are not yet aware of the drastic changes in built environment required to reduce GHG emissions, and in many cases carbon neutrality targets will require atmospheric carbon removal outside or within city boundaries to offset remaining emissions. Since cities are particularly affected by increasing temperatures (e.g. due to the urban heat island effect), direct regulation of radiation through surface albedo management has also been suggested to alleviate these exacerbated urban heat impacts. With the aim of supporting the path to carbon-neutral cities, this paper assesses the existing literature on Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) at the urban scale, seeking to quantify the potential negative emissions contribution of cities globally. Our potential estimates indicate that deploying CDR options at the urban scale could make a significant contribution to global mitigation of climate change, alongside supporting the upscaling of climate action from local to regional and national scale. The associated human and environmental well-being effects strengthen the case for cities as carbon sinks. The upscale of the reviewed technologies is nevertheless constrained by numerous uncertainties, economic barriers and governance issues that pose substantial drawbacks to their implementation and scope, suggesting a future research agenda.
Congenital Absence of Right Coronary Artery Complicated with Unstable Angina: A Case Report
Authors: Kwaku Ofe Eugene , Luo Hao , Wen Cong , Yue Rongchuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Congenital absence of right coronary artery (RCA) complicated with unstable angina is a rare clinical condition that can present with symptoms of myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, and even sudden cardiac death. We report the case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with a one-month history of nocturnal chest pain with no obvious underlying cause that has worsened over the past week. She was seen at the cardiology clinic and had a Coronary computed tomography (CTA) which showed plaque and severe stenosis in the left anterior descending artery (LAD). Considering a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina), she was hospitalized. During diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG), it was discovered the patient had a single coronary artery with stenosis of the LAD. An absent right coronary artery was also found. A percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was subsequently performed. The patient was discharged home in a stable condition and remained asymptomatic on follow-up.
Optimality Conditions and Duality for MultiobjectiveSemi-infinite Optimization Problems with SwitchingConstraints on Hadamard Manifolds
Authors: Upadhyay Balendu Bhooshan , Ghosh Arnav 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with a certain class of multiobjective semi-infinite programming problems with switching constraints (in short, (MSIPSC)) in the framework of Hadamard manifolds. We introduce Abadie constraint qualification (abbreviated as, (ACQ)) for (MSIPSC) in Hadamard manifold setting.Necessary criteria of weak Pareto efficiency for (MSIPSC) are established by employing (ACQ). Further, sufficient criteria of weak Pareto efficiency for (MSIPSC) are established by using geodesic quasiconvexity and pseudoconvexityassumptions. Subsequently, Mond-Weir type and Wolfe type dual modelsare formulated related to the primal problem (MSIPSC), and thereafter several duality results are established that relate (MSIPSC) and the correspondingdual models. Several interesting non trivial examples are furnished in the framework of well-known Hadamard manifolds, such as the set consistingof all symmetric positive definite matrices and the Poincaré half plane, toillustrate the importance of the results derived in this article. To the best ofour knowledge, this is the first time that optimality conditions and duality for (MSIPSC) have been studied in the setting of Hadamard manifolds
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 90C34 · 90C46 · 90C48 · 90C29
Mobile retroelements induced by hypomethylating agents are restricted to transpose in myeloid malignancies
Authors: Plevova Karla , Pavlova Sarka , Krzyzankova Marcela , Volakhava Anastasiya , Smirnova Anastasia , Grigoreva Tatiana , Jaskova Zuzana , Synackova Hana , Wahl Dennis , Bohunova Michaela , Cervinek Libor , Pospisilova Sarka , Mamedov Ilgar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Retroelements (RE) present in the human genome are silenced via multiple mechanisms, including DNA methylation, to prevent their potentially mutagenic effect. RE activity, demonstrated by their expression and somatic retrotransposition events, is deregulated in multiple tumor types but not in leukemia. We hypothesized that treatment with hypomethylating agents (HMA), commonly used in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, could lead to increased RE activity and somatic retrotranspositions, and contribute to disease progression. We induced expression of ORF1p protein encoded by long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) after 72h treatment with HMA in DAMI and HL-60 cell lines. ORF1p was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm, as evidenced by fluorescent microscopy of the DAMI cell line. To study whether long-term HMA therapy may induce somatic retrotranspositions, we (i) treated both cell lines for four weeks, (ii) analyzed a cohort of 17 MDS patients before and on treatment with HMA. Using a previously established sensitive NGS-based method, no RE events were identified. To conclude, we show that although HMA induces the expression of L1-encoded proteins in tumor myeloid cell lines, de novo somatic retrotransposition events do not arise during the long-term treatment of MDS patients and myeloid cell lines with these agents.
Biogas Technology Adoption and Impacts on Rural Household Energy Expenditure in South Ethiopia
Authors: Shallo Lemma , Sime Getachew 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Despite the fact that there have been a large number of biogas plants built in Ethiopia, to what extent the installed plants have contributed to reducing energy expenditure and increasing income has not been empirically examined. Therefore, this study studied factors that influence adoption of biogas technology and effects on rural household energy expenditure in south Ethiopia. Data were collected from 246 sample households, 123 biogas adopters and 123 non-adopters. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select sample households. For data analysis, propensity Score Matching and Binary logistic regression models were used. The logistic regression results showed that access to credit (p < 0.01), access to electronic media (p < 0.05), and farm size influenced the adoption of biogas technology positively and significantly (p < 0.05), whereas distance to water sources influenced negatively and significantly (p < 0.05). The average treatment of the treated unveiled that biogas technology adoption reduces household annual energy expenditure on average by about 461 Ethiopian currency per year compared to the counterpart. Reduced energy expenditure enhanced household annual income by reducing money spent on fuel purchases. This demonstrates that the deployment of biogas technology improves rural households' energy supply and increases their annual income. To promote and raise knowledge of biogas technology and increase rural energy security and income, government energy offices, policymakers, and development partners should capitalize on variables influencing biogas technology uptake.
A Lightweight Trust Based Secure Authentication Mechanism for IoT Devices
Authors: Thakur Aditya , Kumar Prashant , Chaurasia Nisha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Internet of Things, which is in the next phase of communication, is quickly overtaking all other technologies. IoT enables seamless data exchange, interaction, and communication between various physical objects. IoT brings automation and intelligence to a variety of industries and fields, including agriculture, transportation, industry, and health. Improving user efficiency and comfort is the goal of IoT applications. The security of internet-connected devices has recently become more important because of global cyber-attacks. Authentication is one of the most important network security principles, whether for small networks like local servers or large networks like central cloud servers. For IoT applications, several solutions have also been put forth, but they are not at all efficient and as well secure. In this paper, we have proposed a trust-based authentication method, which is not only lightweight but as well is secure. For verification of the security of the protocol AVISPA tool has been used in various modes.
Mechanical Characterization of Innovative 3D-printed Auxetic (NPR) Structures: Role of Considering Anisotropy on Accuracy of Numerical Modelling
Authors: Ashfaq Babar , Hussain G. , Khan Muhammad Bilal , Ilyas Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Owing to being lightweight and offering excellent properties, the auxetic structures characterized by negative Poisson’s ratio are gaining growing interest from academia and industry. In view of the complex nature of these structures, 3D printing owing to offering shape flexibility is gaining increasing attention as a preferred fabrication process. Each cell in these structures consists of multiple ribs printed with different orientations thereby likely to show mechanical anisotropy when loaded. To accurately model their mechanical behavior and thus to reliably assess their performance through numerical modeling, anisotropy should be taken into account. This subject has been merely addressed in numerical modeling of printed auxetic structures, especially for those fabricated through Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), a 3D printing technique. The present study, therefore, addresses this subject. The ABS polymer is employed as the experimental material. For numerical modeling, the necessary material constants are determined by following the standard printing and testing practices. A variety of auxetic structures are designed and their mechanical behaviors are studied numerically as well experimentally. The analysis shows that the anisotropic model yields fairly accurate results comparable to the experimental ones, while the isotropic model suffers from an error of 26%. The presented study is the first of its nature and is believed to act as a guideline for accurately assessing the mechanical performance of auxetic structures.
Severeness of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases: A retrospective study from eastern China
Authors: Wang Wen , Xu Yan , Zang Yin-shan , Sun Xiang , Xu Ling-xiao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the determinants associated with the severity of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients suffering from rheumatic diseases (RD) in light of the comprehensive recalibration of China's epidemic prevention and control policy, instituted on December 7, 2022.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 301 RD patients who were infected with COVID-19 between December 7, 2022, and February 7, 2023. The collected clinical data were thoroughly scrutinized and the contributory factors to pulmonary inflammation in patients diagnosed with RD-COVID-19 were identified through χ2 testing and logistic regression analysis.
Results
The study found that gender, particularly male, along with the type of RD manifesting as systemic autoimmune conditions (SAC) and the co-occurrence of comorbidities (namely cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, interstitial lung disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) function as independent risk factors for pulmonary inflammation in RD-COVID-19 patients. Interestingly, patients who had received the third dosage of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine, as well as those administered with methotrexate and leflunomide, exhibited a diminished risk of lung inflammation.
Conclusion
The study concluded that male SAC-COVID-19 patients with concurrent comorbidities were at a heightened risk of severe illness, whereas anti-rheumatic treatment did not escalate the severity. An enhanced vaccination protocol, on the other hand, was found to significantly curtail the incidence of lung inflammation.
WHOIS Data Redaction and its Impact on Unsolicited Emails: A Field Experiment
Authors: Sattler Tobias 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) mandates the disclosure of certain information for registered domain names. However, the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) curtails what information can be publicly accessible, including personally identifiable information (PII). It has been suggested that public disclosure of registration data leads to email spam, but no systematic study of this effect has been conducted. This study fills this gap by empirically assessing the impact of public PII disclosure on spam email volume. Over a year-long field experiment, we registered 66 domain names with disclosed and undisclosed PII and analyzed incoming unsolicited email advertising. Our results revealed that domains with publicly disclosed contact information received a mean of 19.7 spam emails per domain, more than quadrupling the mean of 4.2 for domains with undisclosed information. This significant increase in spam emails linked to public PII disclosure indicates a clear negative impact. ICANN stakeholders should consider these findings, recognizing the potential privacy implications and spam risks of disclosing domain contact information.
Emergence of nodal Bogoliubov quasiparticles across the transition from the pseudogap metal to the d-wave superconductor
Authors: Sachdev Subir , Christos Maine 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We model the pseudogap state of the hole- and electron-doped cuprates as a metal with hole and/or electron pocket Fermi surfaces. In the absence of long-range antiferromagnetism, such Fermi surfaces violate the Luttinger requirement of enclosing the same area as free electrons at the same density. Using the Ancilla theory of such a pseudogap state, we describe the onset of conventional d-wave superconductivity by the condensation of a charge e Higgs boson transforming as a fundamental under the emergent SU(2) gauge symmetry of a background π-flux spin liquid. In all cases, we find that the d-wave superconductor has gapless Bogoliubov quasiparticles at 4 nodal points on the Brillouin zone diagonals with significant velocity anisotropy, just as in the BCS state. This includes the case of the electron-doped pseudogap metal with only electron pockets centered at wavevectors (π, 0), (0,π), and an electronic gap along the zone diagonals. Remarkably, in this case too, gapless nodal Bogoliubov quasiparticles emerge within the gap at 4 points along the zone diagonals upon the onset of superconductivity.
Marriage, Taliban Rule, Norms and Women’s Empowerment in Afghanistan
Authors: Gitter Seth R. , Larocque Grace , Akinloye Motunrayo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Taliban have devastated the rights of women in Afghanistan by limiting their ability to participate in society, potentially causing permanent harm to women’s autonomy within their own marriages. We posit that women married during the Taliban rule may see reduced autonomy based on changes in gender norms from Taliban policy. We estimate the effect of being married during various levels of Taliban rule in 2002, 2009, and 2012 on outcomes in 2015. We use variation in the Taliban’s control in a province at the time of marriage to estimate the effects of norms at the time of a marriage on outcomes measured in 2015. We find that women’s decision-making power was higher in 2015 for those who married when their province was not under Taliban control, but surprisingly, their experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) also increased, suggesting that intrahousehold conflicts potentially increased from regime changes. We link these results to a previous literature that suggests that retaliatory IPV may occur as women gain more power and lower their fertility, with the finding that when the Taliban lost control, fertility fell substantially. These results suggest potential policies that address the long-term negative impacts of the Taliban rule on women’s autonomy should the regime lose power again, with special attention given to potential increases in IPV.
Screening of Resistance Alleles to PVY in Turkish Potato Clones and Exploring the Reactions to Recombinant PVY
Authors: Topkaya Serife , Karan Yasin Bedrettin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the resistance of commercially cultivated potato varieties and advanced potato breeding lines in Turkey to Potato Virus Y (PVY) using Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS). Additionally, the study examined the reactions of these varieties and breeding lines to recombinant PVY races. The presence of Rysto and Ryadg extreme resistance genes was determined using the YES 3-3A, YES3-3B, RYSC4, and RYSC3 SCAR markers. To assess the responses of potato breeding lines to various PVY races, mechanical inoculation was conducted on potato breeding lines as well as Nicotiana glutinosa plants. The MAS technique was employed to examine the resistance to PVY in commonly cultivated potato varieties and potential breeding lines. The MAS process revealed that all tested varieties and candidate breeding lines exhibited positive results exclusively when assessed using the YES3-3B primer for the identification of the Rysto resistance allele. Certain cultivars and candidate breeding lines exhibited positive effects when subjected to the YES3A primer, whereas no results were observed when the RYSC3 and RYSC4 primers were employed. The mechanical inoculation process involved the utilization of two distinct recombinant races, namely S9-10 (PVYNTN) and B1 (PVYN-Wi) isolates. These races were identified through PCR studies that focused on protein regions. The purpose of the greenhouse-based mechanical inoculation studies was to investigate the symptoms induced by two distinct races in various candidate breeding lines. The plants that were inoculated with PVYNwi exhibited symptoms such as yellowing, mild mosaic, and deformities. The emergence of mosaic symptoms was initially observed in plants that were infected with PVYNTN. Subsequently, a drying phenomenon was observed in the lower leaves of these plants. The findings of this study indicated that the breeding lines possessed the Rysto resistance gene. However, this particular allele did not effectively differentiate resistant individuals when subjected to mechanical inoculations.
Overlap chronic GVHD is associated with adverse survival outcomes compared to classic chronic GVHD
Authors: Kean Leslie , Gorfinkel Lev , Raghunandan Sharmila , Watkins Benjamin , Hebert Kyle , Neuberg Donna , Bratrude Brandi , Betz Kayla , Yu Alison , Choi Sung Won , Davis Jeffrey , Duncan Christine , Giller Roger , Grimley Michael , Harris Andrew , Jacobsohn David , Lalefar Nahal , Farhadfar Nosha , Pulsipher Michael , Shenoy Shalini , Petrovic Aleksandra , Schultz Kirk , Yanik Greg , Blazar Bruce , HOran John , Langston Amelia , Qayed Muna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic graft-versus-host-disease (cGVHD) is divided into two subtypes: classic (absence of acute GVHD features) and overlap cGVHD (‘ocGVHD’), in which both chronic and acute GVHD clinical features are present simultaneously. While worse outcomes with ocGVHD have been reported, there are few recent analyses.
Methods
We performed a secondary analysis of data from the ABA2 trial, in which detailed GVHD data were collected prospectively and systematically adjudicated. Analyses included cumulative incidence of classic versus ocGVHD, their specific organ manifestations, global disease severity scores, non-relapse mortality (NRM), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in these two cGVHD subtypes.
Results
The 1-year cumulative incidence, organ involvement, and global severity of classic and ocGVHD were similar between ABA2 patients receiving CNI/MTX + placebo and CNI/MTX + abatacept; thus, cohorts were combined for ocGVHD evaluation. This analysis identified ocGVHD as having significantly higher severity at presentation and at maximum global severity compared to classic cGVHD. OS and DFS were significantly lower for ocGVHD versus classic cGVHD.
Conclusion
ocGVHD is associated with increased cGVHD severity scores, both at presentation and at maximum disease severity. OcGVHD was also associated with decreased OS and DFS compared to classic cGVHD, underscoring the high risks with this cGVHD subtype.