bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of mild cognitive impairment and body mass index on white matter integrity assessed by diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Tinney Emma M. , Loui Psyche , Raine Lauren B. , Hiscox Lucy V. , Delgorio Peyton L. , Kramer Mary K. , Schwarb Hillary , Martens Christopher R. , Kramer Arthur F. , Hillman Charles H. , Johnson Curtis L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease, is characterized by decreased memory and cognition, which are linked to degenerative changes in the brain. To assess whether white matter (WM) integrity is compromised in MCI, we collected diffusion‐weighted images from 60 healthy older adults (OA) (69.16 ± 0.7) and 20 older adults with amnestic MCI (72.45 ± 1.9). WM integrity differences were examined using Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). We hypothesized that those with MCI would have diminished WM integrity relative to OA. In a whole‐brain comparison, those with MCI showed higher axial diffusivity in the splenium (SCC) and body of the corpus callosum (BCC), superior corona radiata (SCR), and the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule (RLIC) (p's < .05 TFCE‐corrected). Additionally, significant between‐group connectivity differences were observed using probabilistic tractography between the SCC, chosen from the TBSS results, and forceps major and minor (p‐value's < .05). To further relate a physical health indicator to WM alterations, linear regression showed significant interactions between cognitive status and body mass index (BMI) on diffusivity outcome measures from probabilistic tractography (p‐value‐'s < .05). Additionally, we examined the association between relational memory, BMI, and WM integrity. WM integrity was positively associated with relational memory performance. These findings suggest that these regions may be more sensitive to early markers of neurodegenerative disease and health behaviors, suggesting that modifiable lifestyle factors may affect white matter integrity.
The long and winding road towards the creation of climate clubs: Transatlantic negotiations, potential regulatory models and challenges ahead
Authors: Leonelli Giulia Claudia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProposals for the establishment of plurilateral climate clubs have gained momentum, and both the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) will play a pivotal role in forthcoming negotiations. This article closely examines EU and US proposals to uncover distinctive features in their regulatory approaches and to critically assess different potential models for sectoral climate club arrangements. The article argues that a middle ground could be reached by combining the US policy‐neutral approach with the EU distinctive product‐based focus. A bottom‐up model involving average sectoral carbon intensity reduction targets, product standards and bans could provide an effective and practicable way forward. Recent declarations confirm that the negotiations of the Global Steel and Aluminium Arrangement are focusing on product standards. Nonetheless, several challenges lie ahead. These include the difficult coordination between plurilateral arrangements and the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism, and the US focus on non‐market economies and excess capacity.
Short‐term effects of mineral and combined mineral‐organic fertilization in soil microbial communities
Authors: Guan Tongwei , Xu Pei , Yang Han , Liu Ying , Guo Qingyan , Tian Xiaqiong , Peng Zhong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFertilization is a widely used practice to maintain soil fertility. To unravel the rapid response patterns of soil microbial under mineral and combined mineral‐organic fertilization treatments, 1‐year fertilization trial was conducted in an intensive greenhouse on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP). Higher soil nutrient concentrations and lower soil pH were detected in mineral and combined mineral‐organic fertilized soils than in unfertilized soils. Both fertilized soils also showed higher bacterial richness and diversity and lower fungal diversity than unfertilized soils. Compared with the soil without fertilizer application, the soil microflora structure was significantly changed by fertilizer application; however, no differences were detected between both fertilized soils. Both short‐term fertilizations recruited more abundant Proteobacteria and Ascomycota, and a smaller proportion of Acidobacteriota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. In addition, available phosphorus (AP), was most closely linked to the variations in the structures of soil bacterial and fungal communities. Our findings highlight the significance of the temporal component for fertilization effects, indicating that 1 year of mineral and combined mineral‐organic fertilization only affected the diversity of some bacterial and fungal communities in the soil. Therefore, a moderately longer fertilization year based on this study should be pondered in intensive greenhouse cultivation in the QTP.
Numerical Investigation of Turbopump Bearing Heat Generation in Liquid Methane
Authors: Kakudo Hiromitsu , Takada Satoshi , Hirayama Tomoko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Liquid methane is one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation rocket propellant because it has an excellent balance between several propulsion performances such as specific impulse, storability, and structural coefficient. JAXA has developed rocket engine technologies for liquid methane engines. In this paper, we investigate the heat generation characteristics of ball bearings used in liquid methane turbopumps. A usual approach to evaluating a cryogenic ball bearing performance is to conduct experimental testing which costs a lot. This research introduces numerical approaches based on physical mechanisms in rotating ball bearings to clarify the heat generation characteristics. The main factors of the heat generation are friction heat generation and fluid heat generation. The friction heat generation is caused by mechanical friction of bearing elements and calculated based on bearing motion analysis and Hertzian contact theory. The fluid heat generation is caused by the fluid drag force on bearing elements and calculated by computational fluid dynamics analysis. The theoretical model is compared with experimental results, showing an excellent agreement. It is clarified that the dominant factor of the bearing heat generation in liquid methane environment is the friction heat generation on races-balls contact at lower velocity condition while it tends to change to the fluid heat generation due to the bearing elements’ rotational motion at higher velocity condition. In addition, cryogenic bearing characteristics which are clarified by theoretical modeling are discussed.
Evaluating a co-designed care bundle to improve patient safety at discharge from adult and adolescent mental health services (SAFER-MH and SAFER-YMH): protocol for a non-randomised feasibility study
Authors: Tyler Natasha , Angelakis Ioannis , Keers Richard Neil , Planner Claire , Hodkinson Alexander , Giles Sally J , Grundy Andrew , Kapur Navneet , Armitage Chris , Blakeman Tom , Campbell Stephen M , Robinson Catherine , Leather Jessica , Panagioti Maria 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionPatients being discharged from inpatient mental wards often describe safety risks in terms of inadequate information sharing and involvement in discharge decisions. Through stakeholder engagement, we co-designed, developed and adapted two versions of a care bundle intervention, the SAFER Mental Health care bundle for adult and youth inpatient mental health settings (SAFER-MH and SAFER-YMH, respectively), that look to address these concerns through the introduction of new or improved processes of care.Methods and analysisTwo uncontrolled before-and-after feasibility studies, where all participants will receive the intervention. We will examine the feasibility and acceptability of the SAFER-MH in inpatient mental health settings in patients aged 18 years or older who are being discharged and the feasibility and acceptability of the SAFER-YMH intervention in inpatient mental health settings in patients aged between 14 and 18 years who are being discharged. The baseline period and intervention periods are both 6 weeks. SAFER-MH will be implemented in three wards and SAFER-YMH in one or two wards, ideally across different trusts within England. We will use quantitative (eg, questionnaires, completion forms) and qualitative (eg, interviews, process evaluation) methods to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the two versions of the intervention. The findings will inform whether a main effectiveness trial is feasible and, if so, how it should be designed, and how many patients/wards should be included.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the National Health Service Cornwall and Plymouth Research Ethics Committee and Surrey Research Ethics Committee (reference: 22/SW/0096 and 22/LO/0404). Research findings will be disseminated with participating sites and shared in various ways to engage different audiences. We will present findings at international and national conferences, and publish in open-access, peer-reviewed journals.
On squares of Fourier coefficients twist exponential functions with applications
Authors: Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2023

Let f be a Hecke–Maass cusp form of weight zero for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be the nth Fourier coefficient. For almost all [Formula: see text] we have [Formula: see text] which improves the result of Acharya [Exponential sums of squares of Fourier coefficients of cusp forms, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Math. Sci. 130 (2020) 24], who showed an upper bound larger than [Formula: see text] For all [Formula: see text] of type [Formula: see text] we also show that [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] This result relies heavily on a generalized double sum (see Theorem 1.3).
Weighted badly approximable complex vectors and bounded orbits of certain diagonalizable flows
Authors: Sawant Gaurav 
Published: April 2023

We show an analog of a theorem of [J. An, A. Ghosh, L. Guan and T. Ly, Bounded orbits of diagonalizable flows on finite volume quotients of products of [Formula: see text], Adv. Math. 354 (2019) 106743] on weighted badly approximable vectors for totally imaginary number fields. We show that for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] a lattice subgroup, the points of [Formula: see text] with bounded orbits under a one-parameter Ad-semisimple subgroup of [Formula: see text] form a hyperplane-absolute-winning set. As an application, we also provide a generalization of a result of [R. Esdahl-Schou and S. Kristensen, On badly approximable complex numbers, Glasgow Math. J. 52 (2010) 349–355] about the set of badly approximable complex numbers.
Antitumor Efficacy of Dual Blockade with Encorafenib + Cetuximab in Combination with Chemotherapy in Human BRAFV600E-Mutant Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Napolitano Stefania , Woods Melanie , Lee Hey Min , De Falco Vincenzo , Martini Giulia , Della Corte Carminia Maria , Martinelli Erika , Famiglietti Vincenzo , Ciardiello Davide , Anderson Amanda , Fowlkes Natalie Wall , Villareal Oscar Eduardo , Sorokin Alexey , Kanikarla Preeti , Coker Olu , Morris Van , Altucci Lucia , Tabernero Josep , Troiani Teresa , Ciardiello Fortunato , Kopetz Scott 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Encorafenib + cetuximab (E+C) is an effective therapeutic option in chemorefractory BRAFV600E metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, there is a need to improve the efficacy of this molecular-targeted therapy and evaluate regimens suitable for untreated BRAFV600E in patients with mCRC.

Experimental Design:
We performed a series of in vivo studies using BRAFV600E mCRC tumor xenografts. Mice were randomized to receive 5-fluoruracil (5-FU), irinotecan, or oxaliplatin regimens (FOLFIRI or FOLFOX), (E+C) or the combination. Patients received long-term treatment until disease progression, with deescalation strategies used to mimic maintenance therapy. Transcriptomic changes after progression on cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapy were assessed.

Results:
Antitumor activity of either FOLFIRI or E+C was better as first-line treatment as compared with second-line, with partial cross-resistance seen between a cytotoxic regimen and targeted therapy with an average 62% loss of efficacy for FOLFIRI after E+C and a 45% loss of efficacy of E+C after FOLFIRI (P &lt; 0.001 for both). FOLFIRI-treated models had upregulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and MAPK pathway activation, where E+C treated models had suppressed MAPK signaling. In contrast, with chemotherapy with E+C, EMT and MAPK signaling remained suppressed. FOLFOX or FOLFIRI, each in combination with E+C, were the most active first-line treatments as compared with E+C or to chemotherapy alone. Furthermore, FOLFOX in combination with E+C as first-line induction therapy, followed by E+C ± 5-FU as maintenance therapy, was the most effective strategy for long-term disease control.

Conclusions:
These results support the combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy and molecular-targeted therapy as a promising therapeutic approach in the first-line treatment of BRAFV600E mCRC.
Cancer's Dark Matter: Lighting the Abyss Unveils Universe of New Therapies
Authors: Fox Bernard A. , Urba Walter J. , Jensen Shawn M. , Page David B. , Curti Brendan D. , Sanborn Rachel E. , Leidner Rom S. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe authors of a recent study identified noncanonical peptides (NCP) presented by cancer cells’ HLA and observed lack of reactivity to these antigens by endogenous tumor-reactive T cells. In vitro sensitization generated NCP-reactive T cells that recognized epitopes shared by a majority of cancers tested, providing opportunities for novel therapies to shared antigens.See related article by Lozano-Rabella et al., p. 2250
Brazilian Miocene crabs I. Taxonomic review of Cyclocancer tuberculatus Beurlen, 1958 and Hepatella amazonica Beurlen, 1958 (Pancrustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura)
Authors: Lima Daniel , Silva Rafael Costa da , Aguilera Orangel , Pinheiro Allysson Pontes , Santana William 
Published: April 2023

In describing Cyclocancer to accommodate his new species C. tuberculatus, Beurlen highlighted that his new genus was a cancroid intermediate in form between Atelecyclus and Cancer, but with enough characters to be placed in a new genus. Examination of C. tuberculatus type material revealed that Cyclocancer is a junior synonym of Hepatus. Therefore, C. tuberculatus is herein transferred into Hepatus as H. beurleni nomen novum because H. tuberculatus (Beurlen, 1958) is a junior homonym of H. tuberculatus Saussure (1858), a junior synonym of Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785). Miohepatus gen. nov., comb. nov. is proposed here to accommodate Hepatella amazonica Beurlen from the Pirabas Formation, Neogene, Pará, Brazil, based on new morphological evidence from the type material.
MEDEA: Experiência em videoperformance
Authors: Lyra Luciana 
Published: April 2023

Escrito em primeira pessoa, este texto tem por escopo apresentar a videoperformance MEDEA, com atuação de Luciana Lyra, direção de Ana Cecília Costa para o texto de Newton Moreno. Criada em 2021, a ação videográfica, com 18 minutos de duração, busca inspiração em imagens das xilogravuras alemãs e brasileiras, de tons expressionistas, para dar conta da densa narrativa que se desdobra acerca desta personagem icônica da tragédia grega, aqui revisitada em contexto brasileiro. Sendo a MEDEA, nesta narrativa videoperformada, uma nordestina na diáspora ao Sudeste nacional, o trabalho acaba por denunciar o estado de opressão sofrido pelas mulheres migrantes, dando contornos feministas à ação artística, signo das atuações e encenações encampadas por Lyra, integrante do NAPEDRA (Núcleo de Antropologia, performance e drama-USP), desde 2004, e fundadora do grupo de pesquisa MOTIM – Mito, Rito e Cartografias Feministas nas Artes (CNPq-UERJ), em 2015.
Batucando-Cantando-Dançando: Saberes corporificados, celebração e contestação política no maracatu em São Paulo
Authors: Santos Kelwin Marques Garcia dos 
Published: April 2023

Partindo da discussão sobre a relação entre os recentes grupos e as tradicionais nações de maracatu, este artigo intenta compreender o papel do corpo como fulcro para pensar a criação e transmissão de conhecimentos e memórias. Discute-se também como o maracatu pode se apresentar enquanto complexo político para os coletivos que o geram, e disputado como instrumento político - enquanto ritmo ou signo de brasilidade - por agentes exógenos a essas comunidades. A partir de uma experiência de campo com o maracatu em uma manifestação política artivista em defesa da democracia, em São Paulo, 2018, propõe-se compreender tal participação enquanto performance geradora de novas localidades.
Suicide and Self-Harm Among Immigrant Youth to Ontario, Canada From Muslim Majority Countries: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Saunders Natasha , Strauss Rachel , Swayze Sarah , Kopp Alex , Kurdyak Paul , Furqan Zainab , Malick Arfeen , Husain Muhammad Ishrat , Sinyor Mark , Zaheer Juveria 
Published: April 2023

Objective To examine the association between Muslim religious affiliation and suicide and self-harm presentations among first- and second-generation immigrant youth. Methods We performed a population-based cohort study involving individuals aged 12 to 24 years, living in Ontario, who immigrated to Canada between 1 January 2003 and 31 May 2017 (first generation) and those born to immigrant mothers (second generation). Health administrative and demographic data were used to analyze suicide and self-harm presentations. Sex-stratified logistic regression models generated odds ratios (OR) for suicide and negative binomial regression models generated rate ratios (aRR) for self-harm presentations, adjusting for refugee status and time since migration. Results Of 1,070,248 immigrant youth (50.1% female), there were 129,919 (23.8%) females and 129,446 (24.2%) males from Muslim-majority countries. Males from Muslim-majority countries had lower suicide rates (3.8/100,000 person years [PY]) compared to males from Muslim-minority countries (5.9/100,000 PY) (OR: 0.62, 95% CI, 0.42–0.92). Rates of suicide between female Muslim-majority and Muslim-minority groups were not different (Muslim-majority 1.8/100,000 PY; Muslim-minority 2.2/100,000 PY) (OR: 0.82, 95% CI, 0.46–1.47). Males from Muslim-majority countries had lower rates of self-harm presentations than males from Muslim-minority (<10%) countries (Muslim majority: 12.2/10,000 PY, Muslim-minority: 14.1/10,000 PY) (aRR: 0.82, 95% CI, 0.75, 0.90). Among female immigrants, rates of self-harm presentations were not different among Muslim-majority (30.1/10,000 PY) compared to Muslim-minority (<10%) (32.9/10,000 PY) (aRR: 0.93, 95% CI, 0.87–1.00) countries. For females, older age at immigration conferred a lower risk of self-harm presentations. Conclusion Being a male from a Muslim-majority country may confer protection from suicide and self-harm presentations but the same was not observed for females. Approaches to understanding the observed sex-based differences are warranted.
Integrated Microbiome and Metabolomic Analysis Reveal Responses of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities and Root exudate Composition to Drought and Genotype in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Li Gege , Wang Kexin , Qin Qun , Li Qi , Mo Fei , Nangia Vinay , Liu Yang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
As climate change events become more frequent, drought is an increasing threat to agricultural production and food security. Crop rhizosphere microbiome and root exudates are critical regulators for drought adaptation, yet our understanding on the rhizosphere bacterial communities and root exudate composition as affected by drought stress is far from complete. In this study, we performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and widely targeted metabolomic analysis of rhizosphere soil and root exudates from two contrasting rice genotypes (Nipponbare and Luodao 998) exposed to drought stress.

Results
A reduction in plant phenotypes was observed under drought, and the inhibition was greater for roots than for shoots. Additionally, drought exerted a negligible effect on the alpha diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities, but obviously altered their composition. In particular, drought led to a significant enrichment of Actinobacteria but a decrease in Firmicutes. We also found that abscisic acid in root exudates was clearly higher under drought, whereas lower jasmonic acid and L-cystine concentrations. As for plant genotypes, variations in plant traits of the drought-tolerant genotype Luodao 998 after drought were smaller than those of Nipponbare. Interestingly, drought triggered an increase in Bacillus, as well as an upregulation of most organic acids and a downregulation of all amino acids in Luodao 998. Notably, both Procrustes analysis and Mantel test demonstrated that rhizosphere microbiome and root exudate metabolomic profiles were highly correlated. A number of differentially abundant genera responded to drought and genotype, including Streptomyces, Bacillus and some members of Actinobacteria, were significantly associated with organic acid and amino acid contents in root exudates. Further soil incubation experiments showed that Streptomyces was regulated by abscisic acid and jasmonic acid under drought.

Conclusions
Our results reveal that both drought and genotype drive changes in the compositions of rice rhizosphere bacterial communities and root exudates under the greenhouse condition, and that organic acid exudation and suppression of amino acid exudation to select specific rhizosphere bacterial communities may be an important strategy for rice to cope with drought. These findings have important implications for improving the adaptability of rice to drought from the perspective of plant–microbe interactions.