bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring the professional social capital of psychiatrists: adaptation and validation of the Resource Generator for Psychiatrists (RG-Psy)
Authors: Lagreula J. , Lorant V. , Dalleur O. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Psychiatrists need access to professional resources to care for their patients. In mental health settings, clinical innovations such as a new therapeutic approach, clinical guidelines or new drugs can diffuse more or less, depending on the social capital of these clinicians. The Resource Generator developed by Snijders & Van Der Gaag (2004) measures access to resources within a social network for the general population. It may therefore not capture access to social capital in the professional field of psychiatry.ObjectivesWe aimed to develop and validate the Resource Generator for Psychiatrists and to detect factors influencing the social capital of clinicians.Methods
The development of the final 11-item questionnaire followed multiple steps. First, the items were selected and adapted by an expert in the sociology of mental health to match the sector of psychiatry. Content validity and detection of important issues or misunderstandings were ensured by cognitive interviews with a panel of 6 clinicians. Each item has a 6-point response scale, rated from 0 to 6. Answers were coded “0” when the respondent did not need a certain resource or it was not applicable to their situation, while answering the closest resource was coded “6”. The online self-completion questionnaire was administered through a link sent by email to all adult psychiatrists and psychiatric residents licensed to work in Belgium. Additional warm contacts were performed for psychiatrists working in ambulatory care. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Internal consistency was ensured with Pearson’s correlation, item-total correlation and Cronbach’s alpha. Test-retest reliability was also measured. Multivariable linear regression analysis assessed the association between psychiatrist demographics and the RG-Psy total score.Results
The Resource Generator for Psychiatrists questionnaire completed by 152 psychiatrists showed a normal distribution with a mean of 32.5 (SD=12), good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.81), and good total Cronbach’s alpha (0.74). Exploratory factor analysis revealed two main subtypes in psychiatrists’ social capital: “attention and access to advice” and “practical assistance, knowledge and expertise”, with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.62 and 0.7 respectively. Clinicians attending institutional seminars (β=5.5221, p=0.013) and working in multidisciplinary settings such as hospitals (β=4.7448, p=0.023) or a mobile team (β=8.7475, p=0.014) were more likely to have higher social capital.ConclusionsPsychiatrists’ access to professional resources can be reliably measured by a 11-item questionnaire and can be used to test the influence of their professional social capital on different outcomes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Disrupted structural brain networks across psychiatric disorders determined using multivariate graph analyses
Authors: Paunova R. K. , Stoyanov D. , Ramponi C. , Latypova A. , Kherif F. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIdentifying the specific brain pattern characterizing psychiatric disorders could lead us to precise diagnostic process, better treatment plan and outcome prediction. Structural covariance is a graph-analysis method with which disruptions in large scale brain network organization can be observed. More studies, employing this method in psychiatry, are still needed.ObjectivesThe current study aims to investigate how the main psychiatric disorders – schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, affect brain circuitry by means of multivariate graph theory, more specifically – structural covariance. We hypothesized that specific abnormalities in the brain circuits would be found in separate diagnostic entities.Methods164 subjects were included with schizophrenia-SCH (n=17), bipolar disorder-BD(n=25), major depressive disorder–MDD(n=68) and a healthy control group-HC(n=54). Each participant provided a written informed consent and the study protocol was approved by the University’s Ethics Committee. High resolution structural MRI was acquired, and preprocessing was performed using SPM 12 toolbox. The structural covariance method was applied consisting of calculation of the correlation across subjects between the different pairs of regions by using the gray matter average volume. We used the threshold statistic to binarize the covariance matrix and transform it into an adjacency matrix. This allows us to compare psychiatric disorders at a network level by calculating measures such as authorities, hubs and outdegree.Results61 statistically significant regions were found for the whole sample. The matrices of the four groups were compared according to their ‘authorities’ ,‘hubs’ and ‘outdegree’ as first, second and third ranking variables, respectively. In the group comparison between HC and BD patients the top five significant regions were Planum temporale (PT), Putamen, Precuneus (PreCu), Calcarine cortex (Calc_cor) and Postcentral gyrus medial segment (PostCGms). The MDD group demonstrated the following regions with most significant difference including Precentral gyrus (PreCG), Entorhinal area (EntA), Amygdala (Amy), Anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC), Anterior insula (AI). While SCH grop was charachterized by ACC, PreCG – medial segment, PostCGms, anterior orbital gyrus, and frontal pole.ConclusionsThe results of our study demonstrated that schizophrenia and mood disorders have specific disturbances in brain network structural organization, affecting hubs of default mode network, salience network, motor, sensory and visual cortex, as well as limbic system. These alterations might elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of common symptoms of the disorders under investigation including perceptual, affective and cognitive disturbances.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Modulatory effects of Nigella sativa l. oil on the hippocampus of dizocilpine-induced schizophrenia in BALB/c MICE
Authors: Folarin R. O. , Owoeye O. , Malomo A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by positive, negative and cognitive behavioral symptoms. Despite years of research, the need for suitable therapy remains elusive. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) is a medicinal plant notable for its dietary, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, there is paucity of information on its neuroprotective potentials in schizophrenia.ObjectivesThis study was designed to investigate the modulatory effects of NSO on the hippocampus of dizocilpine-induced schizophrenia in mice.MethodsSixty 14-weeks old male BALB/c mice (23-25g) were divided into five groups (n=12); control (normal saline, 1 mL/kg), NSO (1 mL/kg), dizocilpine-control (0.5 mg/kg) all for 7 days, while NSO (1 mL/kg for 7 days) + dizocilpine (0.5 mg/kg, for another 7 days) for preventive measure, and dizocilpine (0.5 mg/kg for 7 days) + NSO (1 mL/kg for another 7 days) for reversal. Dizocilpine and NSO were administered intraperitoneally and orally, respectively. Open field box was used for stereotypic popping. Animals were euthanised after behavioral studies, and harvested brains were weighed. Hippocampal glutamate was determined spectrophotometrically. Neuronal arrangement, sizes and densities were determined in perfused brain tissues using haematoxylin and eosin stain. Dendritic arborisations were assessed using Golgi stain. Metabotropic glutamate receptor-II (mGluR-2) and Glia Fibrilliary Acidic Protein (GFAP) were evaluated immunohistochemically. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05.ResultsStereotypic popping was observed in dizocilpine-control but not in the preventive and reversal NSO-treated animals. The NSO increased glutamate levels in the reversal (0.19±0.00 μM/μg tissue) but not in the preventive (0.18±0.00 μM/μg tissue) groups relative to dizocilpine-control (0.18±0.00 μM/μg tissue). Hippocampal neuronal density was significantly increased by dizocilpine (21.25±1.11neurons/100μm2) but modulated by NSO in the preventive (17.25±0.51 neurons/100μm2) and reversal groups (12.00±0.71 neurons/100μm2). Significant neuronal de-arborisation that occurred in the dizocilpine-control (989.90±253.9 μm2/2.5mm2area) was inhibited by NSO in the preventive (1678±370.90 μm2/2.5mm2area) and reversal (1639±314.80 μm2/2.5mm2area) treatments. Compared to dizocilpine-control (4219±127.3 ODU), NSO increased mGluR-2 expression in the preventive (4945±17.00 ODU) and reversal (4116±24.97 ODU) groups. The GFAP expression in NSO-treated animals relative to dizocilpine-control (5510±38.45 ODU) was significantly reduced in the preventive (4945±17.00 ODU) and reversal (4116±24.97 ODU) measures.ConclusionsNigella sativa oil mitigated schizophrenic symptoms induced by dizocilpine in mice via modulation of hippocampal glutamate, metabotropic glutamate receptor–II upregulation, astrogliosis inhibition and neuroprotective mechanisms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Assessment of Fatigue and Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chemingui S. , Mersni M. , Youssef I. , Yousfi I. , Ernez S. , Mechergui N. , Brahim D. , Bahri G. , Ben Said H. , Ladhari N. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that is associated with a range of devastating symptoms including fatigue. In addition, the accumulation of disability that occurs in most MS patients can have a detrimental effect on their quality of life.ObjectivesTo assess fatigue and quality of life in patients with MS.MethodsDescriptive cross-sectional study that interested MS patients referred to the occupational pathology consultation of Charles Nicolle Hospital, during the period from 1 July 2020 to 30 September 2022. The data collected concerned socio-demographic and occupational characteristics. The impact of MS on quality of life was studied using the SF-12 quality of life scale. Fatigue was assessed by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).ResultsTwenty-six cases of MS were identified. The mean age was 38 ± 9 years with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.3. The average occupational seniority was 11 ± 8 years. The health sector was the most represented (23%, n= 6) followed by the transport sector (19%, n= 5). The main occupations were manual workers (31%), drivers, and administrative agents (19% each). The occupational constraints were physical in 44% of cases and psychological in 24% of cases. Fourteen patients (87% of the cases) lost their jobs because of the disease. The decision on occupational fitness was definitive incapacity in 44% of cases. The mean FSS score was 4±1.74. Sixteen patients (62%) had moderate fatigue (FSS 36-52), eight patients (31%) had mild fatigue (FSS <36) and two patients (8%) had severe fatigue (FSS >52). In addition, the mean scores for the physical and mental components of perceived health were estimated to be 37.04±7.67 and 44.93±7.23, respectively. The mean global score (SG) of SF12 was 40.98±7.23. The majority of patients (92%, n=24) had an average quality of life (SG- SF12 between 30 and 60) and two patients (8%) had a poor quality of life (SG <30).ConclusionsThe impact of MS on the socio-professional quality of life of patients was noted in the majority of cases. It is therefore imperative to improve the care of our patients on both the physical and psychological levels.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Online Multifamily Systemic Therapy after First Psychotic Episode
Authors: Selakovic M. M. , Pomini V. , Zartaloudi A. , Galanis D. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn Greece, the Athens Multifamily Group Therapy Project (A- MFGT) provides systemic multifamily therapy to young adults after the first psychotic episode, with a purpose to deliver an early intervention program.ObjectivesFew evidence is available regarding the viability of multifamily systemic therapy in an online setting in purpose of widely developing in e-mental health care (Borcsa et al., 2021). The members of ten families who participated at two online multifamily systemic groups for young adults after the onset of psychosis provided their opinions regarding their experience of 10-month therapeutic program through online platform, with two - hour sessions every 15 days.MethodsThe members of the group described in an online form what they found helpful and/or unhelpful/harmful at three separate times: in the middle of the therapy process, at the end of therapy and at 6 months follow up period. The data collected was analyzed with an inductive, “data – driven”, form of coding based on the methodology of thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Themes represent the prevalence of what the participants found important in relation to the perceived effectiveness of online A-
MFGT.ResultsThe members highlighted the impact of the online group process on family communication, reflected on advantages and difficulties offered by the online setting, described their emotions and the effect of diagnosis and hospitalization at individual and family level, valued the problem solving and empathy techniques in the group and identified the obstacles they encountered in the group sessions.ConclusionsPsychosis can affect all aspects of a person’s life, and without support and appropriate care, it can place considerable weight on the patient’s relatives, as well as the community in general. Our suggestion is that MFGT can be a viable way to support the whole system facing psychosis, with the aim of preventing relapse and implementing quality of life of all the participants.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Efficacy of betahistine in counteracting second-generation antipsychotics-induced weight gain: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Soliman Y. , Azeez A. , Chibani W. , Mamdouh A. , Elawfi B. , Sharkawy A. M. , Abdelwahab O. A. , Awan R. U. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDespite being effective in schizophrenia, second-generation antipsychotics are potent histamine-H1 receptor antagonists associated with weight gain. Histaminergic agonists can potentially counteract the weight gain effects of antipsychotics. Betahistine is a centrally acting histamine-H1 agonist and, therefore, may reduce antipsychotic-induced weight gain, but it has never been examined in a meta-analysis.ObjectivesThis meta-analysis aims to examine the efficacy of betahistine in counteracting the weight gain effects of antipsychotics.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) for all relevant trials. We used Hedges’ g with its confidence interval as our effect size to correct for the small sample size. The primary outcomes of this study were changes in weight and body mass index (BMI). Changes in insulin resistance and lipid parameters were secondary outcomes.Results165 studies were included in the title/abstract screening, and 5 studies with 217 patients were finally included. Betahistine led to statistically significant changes in weight (Hedges’ g -1.13, 95% CI [-1.66, -0.60], p < 0001), BMI (Hedges’ g -1.64, 95% CI [-2.39, -0.89], p < 0.0001), and waist circumference (Hedges’ g -0.98, 95% CI [-1.47, -0.49], p < 0001). Nevertheless, betahistine did not lead to any significant changes in fasting glucose (Hedges’ g 0.02, 95% CI [-0.41, 0.44], p = 0.94) or insulin levels (Hedges’ g -0.07, 95% CI [-1.78, 1.64], p = 0.94).ConclusionsBetahistine is an effective add-on treatment for second-generation antipsychotics to counteract weight gain experienced with these medications. Further trials are recommended to examine its effect on blood lipids and side effects.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Efficacy of probiotics and fibers on metabolic disturbances associated with antipsychotics: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Soliman Y. , Hendi N. I. , Magdy Daniel J. , Emara M. , Gharib N. M. , Abdelwahab O. A. , Awan R. U. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionHuman gut microbiota plays an important role in metabolic health. Atypical antipsychotics can lead to metabolic abnormalities and changes in the gut microbiota. Multiple studies have examined the role of probiotics in suppressing antipsychotics-induced weight gain, but they have never been examined in a meta-analysis.ObjectivesThis network meta-analysis aims to compare the effect of probiotics + fibers, probiotics only, and fibers only on metabolic abnormalities induced by atypical antipsychotics.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) for all relevant studies. We used mean difference with its 95% confidence interval as our effect size. Primary outcomes were body weight and body mass index (BMI), while secondary outcomes were changes in other cardiometabolic risk factors.ResultsWe included 4 randomized controlled trials comprising 319 patients. For body weight, probiotics + fibers (MD -3.96, 95% CI [-5.16, -2.76]), fibers only (MD -1.91, 95% CI [-3.81, -0.01]), and probiotics only (MD -1.37, 95% CI [-2.07, 0.66]) were significantly superior to placebo. Probiotics + fibers (MD -1.52, 95% CI [-2.11, -0.92]), but not fibers only or probiotics only, was associated with significant changes in BMI. Probiotics + fibers was also associated with significant changes in cholesterol (MD -0.37, 95% CI [-0.67, -0.07]), insulin levels (MD -3.37, 95% CI [-5.35, -2.10]), and insulin resistance index (MD -1.35, 95% CI [-1.94, -0.76]). There were no significant adverse events reported in the included studies.ConclusionsProbiotics + fibers, probiotics only, and fibers can be effective in controlling antipsychotics-induced metabolic abnormalities, with probiotics + fibers being the most effective regimen. All three treatments were safe and well tolerated by patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Impacts of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) program of supported employment on employment and psychosocial well-being among individuals with severe mental illness
Authors: Sipilä N. , Appelqvist-Schmidlechner K. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMental health problems increase the risk for unstable career paths and often lead to early transition to disability pensions. Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence-based program integrated into psychiatric care helping individuals with serious mental illness to find competitive employment. It comprises personalized job search as well as individual in-work support for both the employee and the employer.ObjectivesThe Finnish Individual Placement and Support Evaluation Study (2020-2023) aims at investigating the implementation, feasibility as well as perceived benefits and outcomes of the IPS program implemented for the first time broadly in Finland. The present study focuses on the changes observed among program participants in employment status and psychosocial well-being during the 6-
and 12-months follow-ups.MethodsBoth quantitative and qualitative data from different stakeholders have been and will be collected. The data collection will be finished at the end of 2022. The presentation focuses on findings from interviews (n=31) and from questionnaire data collected among program participants at baseline and at 6-
and 12-months follow-ups. The total sample will comprise approximately 300 program participants (18−64 years of age) diagnosed with a severe mental illness.ResultsFindings on changes in employment status as well as in psychosocial well-being (self-rated health and work ability, mental distress, positive mental health, self-esteem, satisfaction with life, social inclusion, and perceived social support) will be discussed at the congress. The preliminary findings of the study show that about half of the program participants have succeeded in getting employed at least once during the follow-up. However, becoming employed does not always result in increased psychosocial well-being. Work-related stress, meaningless or unsuitable job, problems at the workplace community or fear of being stigmatized may contribute toward decreased psychosocial well-being.ConclusionsMeaningful work can play an important role in the process of recovery from mental illness. However, individuals with severe mental health problems need support with the working life related concerns and stress especially at the beginning of employment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychiatric comorbidity profiles among suicidal attempters: A cohort study
Authors: Sanchez-Carro Y. , Diaz-Marsa M. , Fernandez-Rodrigues V. , Ayad-Ahmed W. , Pemau A. , Perez-Diaz I. , Galvez-Merlin A. , de la Higuera-Gonzalez P. , Perez-Sola V. , Saiz P. , Grande I. , Cebria A. , Andreo-Jover J. , Lopez-Peña P. , Ruiz-Veguilla M. , de la Torre-Luque A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMore than 700,000 people die by suicide in 2019 globally (World Health Organitation 2021). Mental health problems constitute a risk factor for suicidal behavior and death by suicide (Hoertel et al. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20 718–726). Different mental disorders have been related to different forms of suicidal ideation and behavior (Conejero et al. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2018; 20, 33) (Quevedo et al. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 102 152194). However, little is known on comorbidity profiles among suicide attempters.ObjectivesThe aim of our work was to identify the psychiatric comorbidity profiles of individuals who were admitted a hospital emergency department due to a suicide attempt. Moreover, it intended to know their clinical characteristics according to comorbidity profile.MethodsA sample of 683 attempters (71.30% female; M age= 40.85, SD= 15.48) from the SURVIVE study was used. Patients were assessed within the 15 days after emergency department admission. Sociodemographic (i.e., sex, age, marital status and employment status) and clinical data were collected. The International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to assess DSM-V Axis 1 mental health diagnoses and the Columbia Suicide Rating Scale (C-SSRS) to assess suicidal ideation and behavior. The Acquired Capacity for Suicide-Fear of Death Scale (ACSS-FAD), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess the frequency of depressive symptoms during the past 2 weeks, and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale to assess symptoms of worry and anxiety were also conducted. For the identification of comorbidity profiles, latent class analysis framework was followed considering diagnosis to each individual disorder as clustering variables. On the other hand, binary logistic regression was used to study the relationship between comorbidity profile membership and clinical factors.ResultsTwo classes were found (Class I= mild symptomatology class, mainly featured by emotional disorder endorsement; and Class II= high comorbidity class, featured by a wide amount of endorsed diagnoses) (see figure 1). Individuals from the High comorbidity class were more likely to be female (OR= 0.98, p<.05), younger in age (OR= 0.52, p< .01), with more depressive symptoms (OR=1.09, p<.001) and have greater impulsivity (OR= 1.01, p<.05).Image:ConclusionsWe found two profiles of people with suicidal behavior based on the presence of mental disorders. Each of the suicidal subtypes had different associated risk factors. They also had a different profile of suicidal behavior.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared