bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LPS-aggregating proteins GBP1 and GBP2 are each sufficient to enhance caspase-4 activation both in cellulo and in vitro
Authors: Dickinson Mary S. , Kutsch Miriam , Sistemich Linda , Hernandez Dulcemaria , Piro Anthony S. , Needham David , Lesser Cammie F. , Herrmann Christian , Coers Jörn 
Published: April 2023

The gamma-interferon (IFNγ)-inducible guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) promote host defense against gram-negative cytosolic bacteria in part through the induction of an inflammatory cell death pathway called pyroptosis. To activate pyroptosis, GBPs facilitate sensing of the gram-negative bacterial outer membrane component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by the noncanonical caspase-4 inflammasome. There are seven human GBP paralogs, and it is unclear how each GBP contributes to LPS sensing and pyroptosis induction. GBP1 forms a multimeric microcapsule on the surface of cytosolic bacteria through direct interactions with LPS. The GBP1 microcapsule recruits caspase-4 to bacteria, a process deemed essential for caspase-4 activation. In contrast to GBP1, closely related paralog GBP2 is unable to bind bacteria on its own but requires GBP1 for direct bacterial binding. Unexpectedly, we find that GBP2 overexpression can restore gram-negative-induced pyroptosis in GBP1
KO
cells, without GBP2 binding to the bacterial surface. A mutant of GBP1 that lacks the triple arginine motif required for microcapsule formation also rescues pyroptosis in GBP1
KO
cells, showing that binding to bacteria is dispensable for GBPs to promote pyroptosis. Instead, we find that GBP2, like GBP1, directly binds and aggregates “free” LPS through protein polymerization. We demonstrate that supplementation of either recombinant polymerized GBP1 or GBP2 to an in vitro reaction is sufficient to enhance LPS-induced caspase-4 activation. This provides a revised mechanistic framework for noncanonical inflammasome activation where GBP1 or GBP2 assembles cytosol-contaminating LPS into a protein-LPS interface for caspase-4 activation as part of a coordinated host response to gram-negative bacterial infections.
Electron-neutral collision cross sections for H2O: II. Anisotropic scattering and assessment of the validity of the two-term approximation
Authors: Budde Maik , Dias Tiago Cunha , Vialetto Luca , Pinhão Nuno , Guerra Vasco , Silva Tiago 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This work proposes a complete and consistent set of cross sections (CS) for electron collisions with water gas molecules to be published in the IST-Lisbon database on LXCat. The set is validated by the electron swarm analysis technique. The anisotropic angular distribution of electrons in rotational collisions is considered by means of the Born approximation in a two-term Boltzmann solver (LisbOn KInetics two-term Boltzmann solver (LoKI-B)) and a Monte Carlo simulations code (LoKI-MC), both freely available as open-source codes. The inclusion of electron anisotropic scattering in rotational collisions significantly improves the agreement between calculations and measurements of the electron drift velocity, reduced mobility, characteristic energy, reduced Townsend ionisation coefficient, reduced effective Townsend coefficient and reduced attachment coefficient. The MC simulations are deemed more accurate and shown to yield similar results as LoKI-B with the proposed set. The use of LoKI-MC also validates the set of CSs against parameters that cannot be obtained by LoKI-B, such as the longitudinal diffusion coefficient or the bulk transport coefficients.
Optical fibre pressure sensing using a frequency modulated laser-based signal processing technique
Authors: Barrington J H , James S W , Kissinger T , Staines S E , Prince S , Alcusa-Saez E , Lawson N J , Tatam R P 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Range resolved interferometry (RRI) applied to the interrogation of an extrinsic Fabry–Perot based pressure sensor in laboratory and wind tunnel environments is presented. A simple, compact sensor head design was fabricated and subsequently characterised using RRI, which was shown to have a sensitivity of 1.627

×

10

−
3

rad Pa−1 with a noise standard deviation of 9 Pa over a data rate of 1.5 kHz. When installed in a high-lift wing for surface pressure evaluation during wind tunnel testing, the approach outlined here was able to perform as well as a conventionally employed commercial device for relative static pressure measurements.
Long-range quenched bond disorder in the bidimensional Potts model
Authors: Chippari Francesco , Picco Marco , Santachiara Raoul 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study the bidimensional q-Potts model with long-range bond correlated disorder. Similarly to Chatelain (2014 Phys. Rev. E 89 032105), we implement a disorder bimodal distribution by coupling the Potts model to auxiliary spin-variables, which are correlated with a power-law decaying function. The universal behaviour of different observables, especially the thermal and the order-parameter critical exponents, are computed by Monte-Carlo techniques for

q
=
1
,
2
,
3

-Potts models for different values of the power-law decaying exponent a. On the basis of our conclusions, which are in agreement with previous theoretical and numerical results for q = 1 and q = 2, we can conjecture the phase diagram for

q
∈
[
1
,
4
]

. In particular, we establish that the system is driven to a fixed point at finite or infinite long-range disorder depending on the values of q and a. Finally, we discuss the role of the higher cumulants of the disorder distribution. This is done by drawing the auxiliary spin-variables from different statistical models. While the main features of the phase diagram depend only on the first and second cumulant, we argue, for the infinite disorder fixed point, that certain universal effects are affected by the higher cumulants of the disorder distribution.
A note on tree factorization and no particle production
Authors: Bering Klaus 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We prove factorization of the generating functional of connected tree diagrams by exploring that it is the Legendre transform of the action. This theorem is then applied to the example of a local relativistic interacting field theory in 2D with a single massive real scalar field that has no derivative couplings and no classical tadpole. In the process we streamline the proof that the assumption of no particle production leads to either the sin(h)-Gordon or the Bullough–Dodd model.
Plasma-activated hydrogel: fabrication, functionalization, and effective biological model
Authors: LI Jiacheng , LAN Cuntao , NIE Lanlan , LIU Dawei , LU Xinpei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Hydrogels are biomaterials with 3D networks of hydrophilic polymers. The generation of hydrogels is turning to the development of hydrogels with the help of enabling technologies. Plasma can tailor the hydrogels’ properties through simultaneous physical and chemical actions, resulting in an emerging technology of plasma-activated hydrogels (PAH). PAH can be divided into functional PAH and biological tissue model PAH. This review systematically introduces the plasma sources, plasma etching polymer surface, and plasma cross-linking involved in the fabrication of PAH. The ‘diffusion-drift-reaction model’ is used to study the microscopic physicochemical interaction between plasma and biological tissue PAH models. Finally, the main achievements of PAH, including wound treatment, sterilization, 3D tumor model, etc, and their development trends are discussed.
Weed-induced changes in the maize root transcriptome reveal transcription factors and physiological processes impacted early in crop–weed interactions
Authors: Horvath David P , Doherty Colleen J , Desai Jigar , Clark Natalie , Anderson James V , Chao Wun S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A new paradigm suggests weeds primarily reduce crop yield by altering crop developmental and physiological processes long before the weeds reduce resources through competition. Multiple studies have implicated stress response pathways are activated when crops such as maize are grown in close proximity with weeds during the first 4–8 weeks of growth—the point at which weeds have their greatest impact on subsequent crop yields. To date, these studies have mostly focused on the response of above-ground plant parts and have not examined the early signal transduction processes associated with maize root response to weeds. To investigate the impact of signals from a below-ground competitor on the maize root transcriptome when most vulnerable to weed pressure, a system was designed to expose maize to only below-ground signals. Gene set enrichment analyses identified over-represented ontologies associated with oxidative stress signalling throughout the time of weed exposure, with additional ontologies associated with nitrogen use and transport and abscisic acid (ABA) signalling, and defence responses being enriched at later time points. Enrichment of promoter motifs indicated over-representation of sequences known to bind FAR-RED IMPAIRED RESPONSE 1 (FAR1), several AP2/ERF transcription factors and others. Likewise, co-expression networks were identified using Weighted-Gene Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Spatiotemporal Clustering and Inference of Omics Networks (SC-ION) algorithms. WGCNA highlighted the potential roles of several transcription factors including a MYB 3r-4, TB1, WRKY65, CONSTANS-like5, ABF3, HOMEOBOX 12, among others. These studies also highlighted the role of several specific proteins involved in ABA signalling as being important for the initiation of the early response of maize to weeds. SC-ION highlighted potential roles for NAC28, LOB37, NAC58 and GATA2 transcription factors, among many others.
Global Norm-Maker as China’s New Brand? An Analysis of the Responsible Cobalt Initiative
Authors: Park Hyeyoon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
China’s influence in extractive industry sectors worldwide has expanded in tandem with the rising global demand for the natural resources integral to producing such low carbon products as electric vehicles. Many Chinese-operated mining projects overseas have hence generated broad concern on the ground about their negative environmental and social impacts. Chinese actors, meanwhile, have begun to engage with transnational extractive governance initiatives entailing a transparency norm that requires disclosure of environmental and social risks. China, however, appears to be reshaping this transparency norm through its establishment of the Responsible Cobalt Initiative (RCI)—a China-led “transnational” governance initiative facilitating a Chinese version of that norm, known as “thin” transparency. Based on process-tracing and semi-structured interviews, in applying Acharya’s (2018) norm-circulation model, this paper examines what type of Chinese domestic actors act as norm-makers and under what conditions. The study thus refines certain core analytical concepts of the model. The RCI case stands alone in highlighting China’s growingly normative role in contesting the transparency norm through transnational interactions among Chinese and international actors in global extractives governance. The result shows China’s norm-making as a strategic choice of a local idea-shifter to cope with China’s internal and external legitimacy crises and to strengthen its emerging identity as a responsible great power. This study rejects the notion of China as a monolithic actor, rather suggesting a multi-agency and multilevel approach to understanding the complex realities of China’s normative leadership in global governance.
An Efficient Pending Interest Table Content Search In NDN through Stable Bloom Filter
Authors: Kaur Ravneet , Singh Amrinderpreet , Singh Aekamjot , Goyal Amit , Singh Amritpal , Batra Shalini 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Named Data Networking (NDN) has gained importance in today’s era due to a paradigm shift in the Internet usage pattern which revolves around the content rather than the respective host addresses. Three important data structures in NDN are Content Store (CS), Pending Interest Table (PIT) and Forwarding Information Base (FIB). The search time of PIT is quite high since its size grows with the addition of new content names, and the Interest packets which are not served by CS are searched in millions of existing entries in the PIT. Hence, lookup time can be improved if, instead of checking all the available entries, initial scanning is done to determine whether the required content name exists in the PIT or not. In this paper, we propose a Stable Bloom Filter (SBF) based PIT called S-PIT, to minimize the PIT search time by identifying the existence of query content through SBF. The various experiments performed show that S-PIT outperforms existing data structures in terms of memory consumption, content insertion time, average search time and false positive rate.
Misracialization of Indigenous people in population health and mortality studies: a scoping review to establish promising practices
Authors: Gartner Danielle R , Maples Ceco , Nash Madeline , Howard-Bobiwash Heather 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Indigenous people are often misracialized as other racial or ethnic identities in population health research. This misclassification leads to underestimation of Indigenous-specific mortality and health metrics, and subsequently, inadequate resource allocation. In recognition of this problem, investigators around the world have devised analytic methods to address racial misclassification of Indigenous people. We carried out a scoping review based on searches in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Native Health Database for empirical studies published after 2000 that include Indigenous-specific estimates of health or mortality and that take analytic steps to rectify racial misclassification of Indigenous people. We then considered the weaknesses and strengths of implemented analytic approaches, with a focus on methods used in the US context. To do this, we extracted information from 97 articles and compared the analytic approaches used. The most common approach to address Indigenous misclassification is to use data linkage; other methods include geographic restriction to areas where misclassification is less common, exclusion of some subgroups, imputation, aggregation, and electronic health record abstraction. We identified 4 primary limitations of these approaches: (1) combining data sources that use inconsistent processes and/or sources of race and ethnicity information; (2) conflating race, ethnicity, and nationality; (3) applying insufficient algorithms to bridge, impute, or link race and ethnicity information; and (4) assuming the hyperlocality of Indigenous people. Although there is no perfect solution to the issue of Indigenous misclassification in population-based studies, a review of this literature provided information on promising practices to consider.
Role of oesophageal cooling in the prevention of oesophageal injury in atrial fibrillation catheter ablation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hamed Mohamed , Elseidy Sheref A , Abdelazeem Mohamed , Morcos Ramez , Abdallah Ahmed , Sammour Yasser , Barakat Amr F , Khalife Wissam , Ramu Vijay , Mamas Mamas A , Elbadawi Ayman 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Aims
To evaluate the efficacy of oesophageal cooling in the prevention of oesophageal injury in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation.

Methods and results
Comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases through April 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the role of oesophageal cooling compared with control in the prevention of oesophageal injury during AF catheter ablation. The study primary outcome was the incidence of any oesophageal injury. The meta-analysis included 4 RCTs with a total of 294 patients. There was no difference in the incidence of any oesophageal injury between oesophageal cooling and control [15% vs. 19%; relative risk (RR) 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31–2.41]. Compared with control, oesophageal cooling showed lower risk of severe oesophageal injury (1.5% vs. 9%; RR 0.21; 95% CI 0.05–0.80). There were no significant differences among the two groups in mild to moderate oesophageal injury (13.6% vs. 12.1%; RR 1.09; 95% CI 0.28–4.23), procedure duration [standardized mean difference (SMD) −0.03; 95% CI −0.36–0.30], posterior wall radiofrequency (RF) time (SMD 0.27; 95% CI −0.04–0.58), total RF time (SMD −0.50; 95% CI −1.15–0.16), acute reconnection incidence (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.02–36.34), and ablation index (SMD 0.16; 95% CI −0.33–0.66).

Conclusion
Among patients undergoing AF catheter ablation, oesophageal cooling did not reduce the overall risk of any oesophageal injury compared with control. Oesophageal cooling might shift the severity of oesophageal injuries to less severe injuries. Further studies should evaluate the long-term effects after oesophageal cooling during AF catheter ablation.
Safety and efficacy of intracardiac echocardiography–guided zero-fluoroscopic cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ahn Jinhee , Shin Dong Geum , Han Sang-Jin , Lim Hong Euy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Aims
The development of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) has enabled fluoroless atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation using three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping systems. However, fluoroless cryoballoon ablation (CBA) remains challenging, mainly because of the lack of a visual mapping system. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of fluoroless CBA for AF under ICE guidance.

Methods and results
Patients (n = 100) who underwent CBA for paroxysmal AF were randomly assigned to zero-fluoroscopic (Zero-X) and conventional groups. Intracardiac echocardiography was used to guide the transseptal puncture and catheter and balloon manipulation in all enrolled patients. The patients were prospectively followed for 12 months after CBA. The mean age was 60.4 years, and the left atrial (LA) size was 39.4 mm. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was achieved in all patients. In the Zero-X group, fluoroscopy was used in only one patient because of unstable phrenic nerve capture during right-sided PVI. The procedure time and LA indwelling time in the Zero-X group were not statistically different compared with that in the conventional group. Fluoroscopic time (9.0 vs. 0.008 min) and radiation exposure (29.4 vs. 0.02 mGy) were significantly shorter in the Zero-X group than in the conventional group (P &lt; 0.001). The complication rate did not differ between the two groups. During a mean follow-up of 663.3 ± 172.3 days, the recurrence rate was similar (16.0 vs. 18.0%; P = 0.841) between the groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that LA size was the only independent predictor of clinical recurrence.

Conclusion
Intracardiac echocardiography–guided fluoroless CBA for AF was a feasible strategy without compromising acute and long-term success or complication rates.
Impact of interpopulation distance on dominance variance and average heterosis in hybrid populations within species
Authors: Legarra Andrés , Gonzalez-Dieguez David Omar , Charcosset Alain , Vitezica Zulma G 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Interpopulation improvement for crosses of close populations in crops and livestock depends on the amount of heterosis and the amount of variance of dominance deviations in the hybrids. It has been intuited that the further the distance between populations, the lower the amount of dominance variation and the higher the heterosis. Although experience in speciation and interspecific crosses shows, however, that this is not the case when populations are so distant—here we confine ourselves to the case of not-too-distant populations typical in crops and livestock. We present equations that relate the distance between 2 populations, expressed as Nei's genetic distance or as correlation of allele frequencies, quadratically to the amount of dominance deviations across all possible crosses and linearly to the expected heterosis averaging all possible crosses. The amount of variation of dominance deviations decreases with genetic distance until the point where allele frequencies are uncorrelated, and then increases for negatively correlated frequencies. Heterosis always increases with Nei's genetic distance. These expressions match well and complete previous theoretical and empirical findings. In practice, and for close enough populations, they mean that unless frequencies are negatively correlated, selection for hybrids will be more efficient when populations are distant.
Impact of Monkeypox Virus Infection on Immune Parameters in a Woman With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Receiving Clinically Effective Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Rai M Ali , Shi Victoria , Kennedy Brooke D , Justement Jesse S , Manning Maegan R , Praiss Lauren , Kang Esther J , Gittens Kathleen , Kardava Lela , Blazkova Jana , Moir Susan , Chun Tae-Wook 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We describe the immunologic and virologic impact of monkeypox (mpox) infection in a woman with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) whose plasma HIV viremia was suppressed by clinically effective antiretroviral therapy. Extensive phenotypic analyses of B and T cells in peripheral blood and biomarkers in plasma showed significant immunologic perturbations despite the presence of mild mpox disease. Dramatic shifts were noted in the frequencies of total B cells, plasmablasts, and plasmablast immunoglobulin isotypes. Flow cytometric analyses showed a dramatic increase in the frequency of CD38+HLA-DR+ CD8+ T cells after mpox infection. Our data offer guidance for future studies involving mpox infection in affected populations.
Field-based recombinase polymerase amplification and lab-based qPCR assays for detection of Helicoverpa armigera
Authors: Rich Mitchell , Noh Enoch , Wang Hehe , Greene Jeremy , Gilligan Todd , Reay-Jones Francis P F , Turnbull Matt , Zink Frida 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is a major crop pest native to Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa which has recently invaded South America and has caused billions of dollars in agricultural losses. Because of challenges in differentiating between H. armigera and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), a closely related species native to North and South America, genetic tests have previously been developed to detect H. armigera DNA in pooled samples of moth legs. In this study, a field-based recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay using a lateral flow strip and a qPCR melt curve assay were developed for specific detection of H. armigera DNA in pooled moth samples. In addition, a crude DNA extraction protocol for whole moths was developed to allow rapid preparation of DNA samples. The RPA field test was able to detect ≥ 10 pg of purified H. armigera DNA and the crude DNA of one H. armigera sample in a background of 999 H. zea equivalents. The qPCR assay was able to detect ≥ 100 fg of purified H. armigera DNA and the crude DNA of one H. armigera sample in a background of up to 99,999 H. zea equivalents. Both RPA and qPCR assays detected H. armigera in the crude DNA extracted in the field from a pool of one H. armigera moth and 999 H. zea moths. These newly developed molecular assays to detect H. armigera will contribute to large-scale surveillance programs of H. armigera.