bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 severity by vaccination status in the NCI COVID-19 and Cancer Patients Study (NCCAPS)
Authors: Best Ana F , Bowman Melissa , Li Jessica , Mishkin Grace E , Denicoff Andrea , Shekfeh Marwa , Rubinstein Larry , Warner Jeremy L , Rini Brian , Korde Larissa A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We investigated the association of SARS CoV-2 vaccination with COVID-19 severity in a longitudinal study of adult cancer patients with COVID-19. A total of 1610 patients who were within 14 days of an initial positive SARS CoV-2 test and had received recent anticancer treatment or had a history of stem cell transplant or CAR-T cell therapy were enrolled between May 21, 2020, and February 1, 2022. Patients were considered fully vaccinated if they were 2 weeks past their second dose of mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) or a single dose of adenovirus vector vaccine (Ad26.COV2.S) at the time of positive SARS CoV-2 test. We defined severe COVID-19 disease as hospitalization for COVID-19 or death within 30 days. Vaccinated patients were significantly less likely to develop severe disease compared with those who were unvaccinated (odds ratio = 0.44, 95% confidence interval = 0.28 to 0.72, P &lt; .001). These results support COVID-19 vaccination among cancer patients receiving active immunosuppressive treatment.
The status of digital pathology and associated infrastructure within Alzheimer’s Disease Centers
Authors: Scalco Rebeca , Hamsafar Yamah , White Charles L , Schneider Julie A , Reichard Robert Ross , Prokop Stefan , Perrin Richard J , Nelson Peter T , Mooney Sean , Lieberman Andrew P , Kukull Walter A , Kofler Julia , Keene Christopher Dirk , Kapasi Alifiya , Irwin David J , Gutman David A , Flanagan Margaret E , Crary John F , Chan Kwun C , Murray Melissa E , Dugger Brittany N 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Digital pathology (DP) has transformative potential, especially for Alzheimer disease and related disorders. However, infrastructure barriers may limit adoption. To provide benchmarks and insights into implementation barriers, a survey was conducted in 2019 within National Institutes of Health’s Alzheimer’s Disease Centers (ADCs). Questions covered infrastructure, funding sources, and data management related to digital pathology. Of the 35 ADCs to which the survey was sent, 33 responded. Most respondents (81%) stated that their ADC had digital slide scanner access, with the most frequent brand being Aperio/Leica (62.9%). Approximately a third of respondents stated there were fees to utilize the scanner. For DP and machine learning (ML) resources, 41% of respondents stated none was supported by their ADC. For scanner purchasing and operations, 50% of respondents stated they received institutional support. Some were unsure of the file size of scanned digital images (37%) and total amount of storage space files occupied (50%). Most (76%) were aware of other departments at their institution working with ML; a similar (76%) percentage were unaware of multiuniversity or industry partnerships. These results demonstrate many ADCs have access to a digital slide scanner; additional investigations are needed to further understand hurdles to implement DP and ML workflows.
Collective argumentation with topological restrictions: the case of aggregating abstract argumentation frameworks
Authors: Chen Weiwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCollective argumentation is the process of reaching a collective decision that is acceptable to the group in a debate. We introduce the notion of topological restriction to enrich the study of collective argumentation. Topological restrictions are rational constraints assumed to be satisfied by individual agents. We assume that in a debate, for every pair of arguments under consideration, every agent indicates whether the first argument attacks the second, i.e. an agent’s argumentative stance is characterized as an argumentation framework, and only argumentation frameworks that satisfy topological restrictions are allowed. The topological restrictions we consider in this paper include various topological properties in the literature, such as acyclicity, symmetry, coherence and determinedness, as well as three topological restrictions that generalize classic social-choice-theoretic domain conditions. We show that when the profile of the argumentation frameworks provided by the agents satisfies topological restrictions, impossibility results during aggregation can be avoided. Furthermore, if a profile is topologically restricted with respect to restrictions that generalize domain conditions, then the majority rule preserves several desirable properties during aggregation.
Spectrophotometric analysis of magnetic white dwarf – I. Hydrogen-rich compositions
Authors: Hardy François , Dufour Patrick , Jordan Stefan 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTWe present a homogeneous analysis of all DA stars labelled as magnetic in the Montreal White Dwarf Database. Our sample is restricted to almost all known magnetic white dwarf showing clear sign of splitting (B ≳ 1–2 MG) that have parallax measurements from the second Gaia data release, photometric data from diverse surveys and spectroscopic data from Sloan Digital Sky Survey or archival data from the Montreal group. We determine the atmospheric parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity, and magnetic field strength/geometry) of all objects using state-of-the-art model atmosphere/magnetic synthetic spectra, as well as reclassify many objects that were prematurely labelled as potentially magnetic. Finally, we discuss the atmospheric parameters/field properties distribution as well as the implication on our understanding of magnetic white dwarfs origin and evolution.
Measuring the streaming motion in the Milky Way disc with Gaia EDR3+
Authors: Khanna Shourya , Sharma Sanjib , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Hayden Michael 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We map the 3D kinematics of the Galactic disc out to 3.5 kpc from the Sun, and within 0.75 kpc from the mid-plane of the Galaxy. To this end, we combine high-quality astrometry from Gaia EDR3, with heliocentric line-of-sight velocities from Gaia DR2, and spectroscopic surveys including APOGEE, GALAH, and LAMOST. We construct an axisymmetric model for the mean velocity field, and subtract this on a star-by-star basis to obtain the residual velocity field in the Galactocentric components (Vϕ, VR, Vz), and Vlos. The velocity residuals are quantified using the power spectrum, and we find that the peak power (A/[km s−1]) in the mid-plane (|z| &lt; 0.25 kpc) is (Aϕ, AR, AZ, Alos) = (4.2,8.5,2.6,4.6), at 0.25 &lt; |z|/[kpc] &lt; 0.5, is (Aϕ, AR, AZ, Alos) = (4.0,7.9,3.6,5.3), and at 0.5 &lt; |z|/[kpc] &lt; 0.75, is (Aϕ, AR, AZ, Alos) = (1.9,6.9,5.2,6.4). Our results provide a sophisticated measurement of the streaming motion in the disc and in the individual components. We find that streaming is most significant in VR, and at all heights (|Z|) probed, but is also non-negligible in other components. Additionally, we find that patterns in velocity field overlap spatially with models for spiral arms in the Galaxy. Our simulations show that phase-mixing of disrupting spiral arms can generate such residuals in the velocity field, where the radial component is dominant, just as in real data. We also find that with time evolution, both the amplitude and physical scale of the residual motion decrease.
The role of Pop III stars and early black holes in the 21-cm signal from Cosmic Dawn
Authors: Ventura Emanuele M , Trinca Alessandro , Schneider Raffaella , Graziani Luca , Valiante Rosa , Wyithe J Stuart B 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Modeling the 21-cm global signal from the Cosmic Dawn is challenging due to the many poorly constrained physical processes that come into play. We address this problem using the semi-analytical code ‘Cosmic Archaeology Tool’ (cat). cat follows the evolution of dark matter haloes tracking their merger history and provides an ab initio description of their baryonic evolution, starting from the formation of the first (Pop III) stars and black holes (BHs) in mini-haloes at z &gt; 20. The model is anchored to observations of galaxies and AGN at z &lt; 6 and predicts a reionization history consistent with constraints. In this work, we compute the evolution of the mean global 21-cm signal between 4 ≤ z ≤ 40 based on the rate of formation and emission properties of stars and accreting BHs. We obtain an absorption profile with a maximum depth δTb = −95 mK at z ∼ 26.5 (54 MHz). This feature is quickly suppressed turning into an emission signal at z = 20 due to the contribution of accreting BHs that efficiently heat the intergalactic medium (IGM) at z &lt; 27. The high-z absorption feature is caused by the early coupling between the spin and kinetic temperature of the IGM induced by Pop III star formation episodes in mini-haloes. Once we account for an additional radio background from early BHs, we are able to reproduce the timing and the depth of the EDGES signal only if we consider a smaller X-ray background from accreting BHs, but not the shape.
The photometric periods of rapidly rotating field ultra-cool dwarfs
Authors: Miles-Páez Paulo A , Metchev Stanimir A , George Benjamin 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTWe use 1-m-class telescopes and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to explore the photometric variability of all known rapidly rotating (vsin i ≳ 30 km s−1) ultra-cool (≥M7) dwarfs brighter than I ≈ 17.5 mag. For a sample of 13 M7–L1.5 dwarfs without prior photometric periods, we obtained I-band light curves with the SMARTS 1.3-m and WIYN 0.9-m telescopes and detected rotation-modulated photometric variability in three of them. Seven of our targets were also observed by TESS and six of them show significant periodicities compatible with the estimated rotation periods of the targets. We investigate the potential of TESS to search for rotation-modulated photometric variability in ultra-cool dwarfs and find that its long stare enables &lt;80-h periodic variations to be retrieved with ≤1 per cent amplitudes for ultra-cool dwarfs up to a TESS magnitude of 16.5. We combine these results with the periods of all other known photometrically periodic ultra-cool dwarfs from the literature, and find that the periods of ultra-cool dwarfs range between 1 and 24 h, although the upper limit is likely an observational bias. We also observe that the minimum rotation periods follow a lower envelope that runs from ≈2 h at spectral type ≈M8 to ≈1 h at spectral type T.
Evolutionary implications of a magnetar interpretation for GLEAM-X J162759.5–523504.3
Authors: Suvorov Arthur G , Melatos Andrew 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The radio pulsar GLEAM-X J162759.5–523504.3 has an extremely long spin period ($P = 1091.17\, \mbox{s}$), and yet seemingly continues to spin-down rapidly ($\dot{P} &lt; 1.2 \times 10^{-9}\, \mbox{ss}^{-1}$). The magnetic field strength that is implied, if the source is a neutron star undergoing magnetic dipole braking, could exceed $10^{16}\, \mbox{G}$. This object may therefore be the most magnetized neutron star observed to date. In this paper, a critical analysis of a magnetar interpretation for the source is provided. (i) A minimum polar magnetic field strength of $B \sim 5 \times 10^{15}\, \mbox{G}$ appears to be necessary for the star to activate as a radio pulsar, based on conventional ‘death valley’ assumptions. (ii) Back-extrapolation from magnetic braking and Hall–plastic–Ohm decay suggests that a large angularize momentum reservoir was available at birth to support intense field amplification. (iii) The observational absence of X-rays constrains the star’s field strength and age, as the competition between heating from field decay and Urca cooling implies a surface luminosity as a function of time. If the object is an isolated, young ($\sim 10\, \mbox{kyr}$) magnetar with a present-day field strength of $B \gtrsim 10^{16}\, \mbox{G}$, the upper limit ($\approx 10^{30}\, \mbox{erg s}^{-1}$) set on its thermal luminosity suggests it is cooling via a direct Urca mechanism.
New aspects of clinical and immunological characteristics in patients with anti-asparaginyl tRNA synthetase (anti-KS) autoantibody
Authors: Hosono Yuji , Ishii Akira , Izumi Yuto , Sasaki Noriko , Nogi Shinichi , Yamada Chiho , Sato Shinji 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Anti-asparaginyl tRNA synthetase (anti-KS) antibody is present in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) accompanied by polymyositis/dermatomyositis. We examined clinical/immunological features of these patients.

Methods
Polymyositis/dermatomyositis or ILD patients were screened for autoantibodies, and clinical/immunological data were collected retrospectively. ILD was diagnosed by computed tomography, and clinical/immunological features of anti-KS-positive patients were compared with those of anti-Jo-1-positive patients.

Results
Sixteen anti-KS-positive patients [female = 11; male = 5; average age 63.6 years (range, 40–81) years] were diagnosed: seven had ILD, four had clinically amyopathic DM (CADM) and ILD, three had Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and ILD one each had rheumatoid arthritis and ILD, or CADM/SS overlap and ILD. All patients had ILD with chronic onset and clinical course; 11/16 (69%) had nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, and five (31%) had usual interstitial pneumonia pattern. Regarding skin manifestations, 4 (27%) had typical DM rash and 11 (69%) had mechanic’s hands. All anti-KS-positive patients had no clinical muscle weakness or serum creatine kinase elevation; 8/16 patients (50%) had sicca symptoms at a significantly high frequency compared with anti-Jo-1-positive patients (50% vs 11%, P = 0.01).

Conclusions
Anti-KS-positive patients might form a distinguishable subset closely associated with sicca symptoms, CADM and chronic-type ILD with a relatively favourable prognosis.
Crystallization and Solidification of Poikilitic and Granular Rocks in the Ultramafic Sequence of the Xinjie Layered Intrusion (SW China): Constraints from Complex Growth Zoning of Clinopyroxene and Spatial Variation of Dihedral Angles
Authors: Cao Yonghua , Xing Chang-Ming , Wang Christina Yan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCrystallization and solidification pathways in crustal magma chambers control the chemical and textural evolution of igneous rocks. However, deciphering these codes from completely solidified cumulates is challenging and requires a full understanding of growth processes of minerals and textures of rocks. In this study, we collected samples from a ca. 380-m-thick drill core intersecting the ultramafic sequence of the Xinjie layered intrusion in SW China, which is composed of wehrlite with poikilitic clinopyroxene (Cpx), and clinopyroxenite and olivine clinopyroxenite with euhedral to subhedral Cpx grains. Using micro-X-ray fluorescence and electron probe micro-analyzer mapping techniques, we found that the Cpx grains in clinopyroxenite and olivine clinopyroxenite are characterized by sector-zoned, Cr-rich cores, whereas the Cpx oikocrysts in wehrlite only show Cr-rich cores without sector zoning. The sector-zoned cores of the Cpx grains are widespread in clinopyroxenite and olivine clinopyroxenite and consist of Si–Mg-rich hourglass sectors and Cr–Al–Ti-rich prism sectors, indicating rapid growth of the Cpx grains due to moderate degrees of undercooling, which may be induced by fast cooling during initial emplacement of Cpx-saturated magma into cold country rocks. The sector-zoned Cpx grains thus likely constructed the initial crystal framework in the magma chamber. In contrast, the absence of sector zoning in Cr-rich cores of the Cpx oikocrysts indicates that an olivine-saturated magma may have intruded a high-temperature, Cpx-laden crystal mush so that magma undercooling was significantly reduced or eliminated and no sector zoning developed in the Cpx oikocrysts. Such a process may also result in the spatial variation of the medians of Cpx–Cpx–plagioclase dihedral angles (Θccp) in clinopyroxenite, which shows a significant reduction from an original impingement angle of ~60° in the middle and upper parts to ~40° in the basal part of the sequence. The reduction of Θccp could be attributed to melt-present textural equilibration in the Cpx-laden mush that was sustained by additional heat supplied by massive olivine-saturated melt input in the ~40-m-thick basal part. Here, we propose that the ultramafic sequence of the Xinjie layered intrusion may have formed by the intrusion of primitive, olivine-saturated magma into an early-formed Cpx-laden mush in a manner of sill-like sheets. This study provides new perspectives on the early history of a magma chamber and emphasizes the role of sill intrusion of primitive magmas into crystal mush in the formation of ultramafic sequences in layered intrusions, which has been relatively overlooked in previous studies.
Defining the lipidome of Arabidopsis leaf mitochondria: Specific lipid complement and biosynthesis capacity
Authors: Liu Yi-Tse , Senkler Jennifer , Herrfurth Cornelia , Braun Hans-Peter , Feussner Ivo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMitochondria are often considered as the power stations of the cell, playing critical roles in various biological processes such as cellular respiration, photosynthesis, stress responses, and programmed cell death. To maintain the structural and functional integrities of mitochondria, it is crucial to achieve a defined membrane lipid composition between different lipid classes wherein specific proportions of individual lipid species are present. Although mitochondria are capable of self-synthesizing a few lipid classes, many phospholipids are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and transferred to mitochondria via membrane contact sites, as mitochondria are excluded from the vesicular transportation pathway. However, knowledge on the capability of lipid biosynthesis in mitochondria and the precise mechanism of maintaining the homeostasis of mitochondrial lipids is still scarce. Here we describe the lipidome of mitochondria isolated from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves, including the molecular species of glycerolipids, sphingolipids, and sterols, to depict the lipid landscape of mitochondrial membranes. In addition, we define proteins involved in lipid metabolism by proteomic analysis and compare our data with mitochondria from cell cultures since they still serve as model systems. Proteins putatively localized to the membrane contact sites are proposed based on the proteomic results and online databases. Collectively, our results suggest that leaf mitochondria are capable—with the assistance of membrane contact site-localized proteins—of generating several lipid classes including phosphatidylethanolamines, cardiolipins, diacylgalactosylglycerols, and free sterols. We anticipate our work to be a foundation to further investigate the functional roles of lipids and their involvement in biochemical reactions in plant mitochondria.
Light, rather than circadian rhythm, regulates gas exchange in ferns and lycophytes
Authors: Aros-Mualin Daniela , Guadagno Carmela Rosaria , Silvestro Daniele , Kessler Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCircadian regulation plays a vital role in optimizing plant responses to the environment. However, while circadian regulation has been extensively studied in angiosperms, very little is known for lycophytes and ferns, leaving a gap in our understanding of the evolution of circadian rhythms across the plant kingdom. Here, we investigated circadian regulation in gas exchange through stomatal conductance and photosynthetic efficiency in a phylogenetically broad panel of 21 species of lycophytes and ferns over a 46 h period under constant light and a selected few under more natural conditions with day–night cycles. No rhythm was detected under constant light for either lycophytes or ferns, except for two semi-aquatic species of the family Marsileaceae (Marsilea azorica and Regnellidium diphyllum), which showed rhythms in stomatal conductance. Furthermore, these results indicated the presence of a light-driven stomatal control for ferns and lycophytes, with a possible passive fine-tuning through leaf water status adjustments. These findings support previous evidence for the fundamentally different regulation of gas exchange in lycophytes and ferns compared to angiosperms, and they suggest the presence of alternative stomatal regulations in Marsileaceae, an aquatic family already well known for numerous other distinctive physiological traits. Overall, our study provides evidence for heterogeneous circadian regulation across plant lineages, highlighting the importance of broad taxonomic scope in comparative plant physiology studies.
SU(4)C × SU(2)L × U(1)R models with modular A4 symmetry
Authors: Nomura Takaaki , Okada Hiroshi , Shoji Yutaro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We study SU(4)C × SU(2)L × U(1)R models with modular A4 symmetry that provide a unified description of the quark and lepton sectors including the flavor structures. The models are distinguished by the assignments of the modular weight to matter superfields. We carry out numerical χ2 analysis and search for parameter sets that accommodate the experimental results. We provide a benchmark point for each model to illustrate the implications of our models.
Claims against directors of trustee companies—the next frontier?
Authors: Walker Nathaniel , Wilson Nic 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Corporate trustees work to (among other things) shield directors from liability as trustees. This article explores whether and how beneficiaries can bring proceedings against errant trustee company directors. It does so in four parts. First, the possibility of direct fiduciary or trustee-like duties is considered. Secondly, the authors address accessory liability for dishonest assistance or knowing receipt. Thirdly, the particular difficulties posed by a director’s diversion of opportunities are explored. Finally, the authors consider developing claims, being the dog-leg claim and a direct duty of care in tort owed by the trustee company director to the beneficiary.
Physiological responses ofQuercus acutissimaandQuercus rubraseedlings to drought and defoliation treatments
Authors: Wang Ning , Song Meixia , Zhang Yang , Liu Xiao , Wu Pan , Qi Luyu , Song Huijia , Du Ning , Wang Hui , Zheng Peiming , Wang Renqing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOngoing global climate change is increasing the risk of drought stress in some areas, which may compromise forest health. Such drought events also increase outbreaks of insect herbivores, resulting in plant defoliation. Interactions between drought and defoliation are poorly understood. In a greenhouse experiment, we selected a native species, Quercus acutissima Carr. and an alien species, Quercus rubra L. to explore their physiological responses to drought and defoliation treatments. After the treatments, we determined the seedlings’ physiological responses on Days 10 and 60. Our results showed that the defoliation treatment accelerated the carbon reserve consumption of plants under drought stress and inhibited the growth of both seedling types. Under the drought condition, Q. rubra maintained normal stem-specific hydraulic conductivity and normal growth parameters during the early stage of stress, whereas Q. acutissima used less water and grew more slowly during the experiment. Sixty days after defoliation treatment, the stem starch concentration of Q. acutissima was higher than that of the control group, but the stem biomass was lower. This indicates that Q. acutissima adopted a ‘slow strategy’ after stress, and more resources were used for storage rather than growth, which was conducive to the ability of these seedlings to resist recurrent biotic attack. Thus, Q. acutissima may be more tolerant to drought and defoliation than Q. rubra. The resource acquisition strategies of Quercus in this study suggest that the native Quercus species may be more successful at a long-term resource-poor site than the alien Quercus species.