bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring performance measurement practices in public housing tenancy management in Malaysia
Authors: Teo Jes She , Mohd Aini Ainoriza , Zyed Zafirah Al Sadat 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis paper aims to explore existing performance measurement (PM) practices in Malaysian public housing, specifically focusing on tenancy management operational practices and PM initiatives, thereby contributing valuable insights to this under-researched area.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a qualitative research approach, utilizing open-ended interviews to gather insights. To enhance the validity and reliability of the data, a purposive sampling technique was applied, selecting experts based on predefined criteria. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data, extracting meaningful themes and providing a comprehensive understanding of PM practices in Malaysian public housing.FindingsThe findings reveal significant disparities in PM practices across different states in Malaysia. While some public housing entities have established their own key performance indicators, others lack structured frameworks, leading to inconsistencies in monitoring and effectiveness. The discrepancy highlights the need for a more uniform approach to ensure transparency and reliability in PM.Originality/valueThis study provides unique insights into the current state of PM, particularly in the context of tenancy management, which has been underexplored. By employing qualitative methods and thematic analysis, the research offers a nuanced understanding of the challenges and gaps in PM. It highlights significant disparities across different states and identifies key areas for improvement. These findings underscore its potential to inform and transform PM practices in Malaysian public housing, paving the way for more standardized and effective PM practices in the future.
Analysis of socio-economic characteristics and physical condition of the slum environment in the inner city
Authors: Oladehinde Gbenga John 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
Research on the living conditions of slum dwellers in the inner cities of developing countries has received much attention. Nevertheless, there is little empirical research on the influence of personal attributes on the poor environmental condition of the slum area. This study aims to examine the relationship between the socio-economic characteristics and the physical condition of the slum environment in the inner city of Ibadan, Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
Data was collected through the use of questionnaire administration from a household survey of 491 slum dwellers. Systematic random sampling was used in the selection of the respondents. The study used descriptive, factor and multiple regression to analyse the data collected.

Findings
The study used descriptive, factor and multiple regression to analyse the data collected. The study reveals an interplay between various socio-economic factors and environmental conditions. The results show that out of ten (10) socio economic variables that were submitted in the regression model, only eight (8) of these variables such as income, household size, occupation, level of education, age, marital status, year of residency and nativity were significant.

Originality/value
The study concluded that despite the fact that the condition of the slum environment is a product of multiple interrelated factors, personal attributes also contribute to the poor environmental condition of the slum area. The study recommended that improving the socio-economic conditions of slum dwellers would lead to improved environmental conditions.
Climate change threatens amphibians and species representation within protected areas in tropical wetlands
Authors: Neves Matheus O. , Broennimann Olivier , Mod Heidi K. , Bolochio Bruna E. , Santana Diego J. , Guisan Antoine , Moura Mario R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Protected areas (PAs) are crucial for biodiversity conservation, yet climate change threatens their long‐term effectiveness by displacing species distributions. Among the most climate‐threatened organisms are the amphibians, highly dependent on water and wetlands.

The world's largest continuous tropical wetland, the Pantanal and surroundings, is situated in the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPRB) in South America. Of the 74 amphibian species found there, 4% are threatened. Less than 5% of the basin is within PAs. Recurrent droughts and increasing human pressures further endanger the region's semiaquatic fauna if adequate protection measures are not implemented.

Using Ensemble of Small Models, we mapped habitat suitability of amphibian species and projected amphibian richness and composition across the UPRB. We applied null models to evaluate the representation of amphibian ranges within the current PA network under both current and future climate scenarios. To prioritize areas for PA network expansion under climate change scenarios, we used a systematic conservation planning algorithm.

By 2100, over 80% of amphibian species from the study area are projected to lose suitable habitat, with 99% of amphibian assemblages facing climate‐driven species loss. Although the existing PA network had limited species representation, protecting on average less than 5% of amphibian ranges. However, 13.7% of PAs are expected to shelter more amphibian species than expected by chance under future climate conditions. Highlands, particularly in the northern and southeastern boundaries of the UPRB, are identified priority areas for PA network expansion due to their high projected changes in amphibian biodiversity.

Synthesis and applications. Our findings reveal the extensive impacts of climate change on a major semiaquatic group in the world's largest tropical wetland. Although the current PA network in the Pantanal and surroundings safeguards fewer amphibians than expected, its limited coverage provides opportunities for systematic, data‐driven expansion to achieve the Post‐2020 Global Biodiversity Framework's 30 by 30 target. Expanding PAs is urgent, but addressing drivers of environmental degradation, including unsustainable practices in agriculture and livestock farming, is equally critical for conserving this biodiverse ecosystem.
Large seeds as a defensive strategy against partial granivory in the Fagaceae
Authors: Chen Si‐Chong , Antonelli Alexandre , Huang Xiao , Wei Neng , Dai Can , Wang Qing‐Feng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Large seeds interact with a wide range of animals (e.g. predators) and are dispersed via certain small animals' foraging behaviours, such as caching. Some of the most iconic species of large‐seeded plants have long fascinated ecologists studying biotic interactions, such as oaks and their relatives in the Fagaceae family.

The Fagaceae acorns are dispersed through synzoochory, a specific dispersal mode in which animal partners act as both seed dispersers and granivores. Although granivory (i.e. seed herbivory) can profoundly impact the survival of plant offspring, partial damage on seed reserves is a prevalent phenomenon that does not always result in seed mortality. However, previous single‐species studies have resulted in mixed evidence across treatments and traits, leaving the impact of partial granivory on plant regeneration unclear.

Using artificial granivory experiments on 1185 seeds of 20 Fagaceae species, here we quantify how partial loss of seed reserve affects seed germination, seedling growth and biomass allocation across a damage gradient from 0% to 96% biomass loss.

We show that, although partial granivory reduces seedling growth (e.g. total biomass and number of leaves), it does not significantly affect seed germination or the overall biomass allocation of seedlings (e.g. leaf mass fraction and root:shoot biomass ratio). Seedlings from seeds more preyed upon have higher specific leaf area, indicating that they tend to grow larger but less protected leaves against herbivores, perhaps to compete for light.

Synthesis. As seeds dispersed through scatter‐hoarding granivores have evolved relatively large sizes, like Fagaceae acorns, our findings demonstrate that this type of seeds may tolerate partial granivory in exchange for high dispersal efficiency. This study opens new perspectives to our understanding of seed size diversity and evolution. We conclude that seed size per se is a defensive trait, that large seeds counteract potential losses of seed reserve to escape full predation and allow germination.
Understanding glucose metabolism and insulin action at the blood–brain barrier: Implications for brain health and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Zhu Yiyi , Verkhratsky Alexei , Chen Hui , Yi Chenju 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective, semipermeable barrier critical for maintaining brain homeostasis. The BBB regulates the transport of essential nutrients, hormones, and signaling molecules between the bloodstream and the central nervous system (CNS), while simultaneously protecting the brain from potentially harmful substances and pathogens. This selective permeability ensures that the brain is nourished and shielded from toxins. An exception to this are brain regions, such as the hypothalamus and circumventricular organs, which are irrigated by fenestrated capillaries, allowing rapid and direct response to various blood components. We overview the metabolic functions of the BBB, with an emphasis on the impact of altered glucose metabolism and insulin signaling on BBB in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, endothelial cells constituting the BBB exhibit distinct metabolic characteristics, primarily generating ATP through aerobic glycolysis. This occurs despite their direct exposure to the abundant oxygen in the bloodstream, which typically supports oxidative phosphorylation. The effects of insulin on astrocytes, which form the glial limitans component of the BBB, show a marked sexual dimorphism. BBB nutrient sensing in the hypothalamus, along with insulin signaling, regulates systemic metabolism. Insulin modifies BBB permeability by regulating the expression of tight junction proteins, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling, as well as modulating blood flow in the brain. The disruptions in glucose and insulin signaling are particularly evident in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where BBB breakdown accelerates cognitive decline. This review highlights the critical role of normal glucose metabolism and insulin signaling in maintaining BBB functionality and investigates how disruptions in these pathways contribute to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
Meta‐Analysis: Exclusive Enteral Nutrition in Adults With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Chu Matthew K. W. , Day Alice S. , Broad Lani , Costello Samuel P. , Edwards Suzanne , Bryant Robert V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundExclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is an established dietary therapy for Crohn's disease but its role in ulcerative colitis remains unclear.AimsTo investigate the efficacy of EEN in adults with active ulcerative colitis and compare variations in treatment protocols, safety, tolerability and adherence.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Emcare, CINAHL, Web of Science and trial registries for articles published from inception until July 21, 2024. We included all experimental and observational studies that described the use of EEN in adults with active ulcerative colitis. This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022319584).ResultsOf 3273 articles screened, we included 10 studies (334 adults). Overall, there was no difference between EEN and comparator for ulcerative colitis remission induction (median follow‐up 14 days, risk ratio (RR) 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71–1.85; 2 studies). In acute severe ulcerative colitis, there was no difference between EEN and comparator for corticosteroid failure (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.48–1.20; 2 studies) or risk of colectomy (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.51–1.51, n = 2 studies) during index admission. The pooled discontinuation rate was 3% (95% CI 0–10; 9 studies). There was heterogeneity in trial design, methodology and assessment of outcomes.ConclusionEEN was well tolerated with low therapy discontinuation in adults with active ulcerative colitis. However, there is insufficient evidence to support the use of EEN as an adjunctive therapy to standard of care. Further, well‐designed studies with reproducible methodology and endpoints are necessary to evaluate its effectiveness.Registry Number for Systematic ReviewPROSPERO 2022 CRD42022319584.
The global prevalence of emotional eating in overweight and obese populations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chew Han Shi Jocelyn , Soong Rou Yi , Ang Wei How Darryl , Ngooi Jia Wen , Park Jiyoung , Yong Jenna Qing Yun Ow , Goh Yong Shian Shawn 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis systematic review aims to investigate the current prevalence of emotional eating and its associated factors in overweight and obese populations. We included studies that (1) reported prevalence of emotional eating; (2) were in the context of weight gain or overweight and obesity; (3) used a validated psychometric tool to assess emotional eating; (4) were published as an internationally referred journal article and (5) were reported in the English language. Articles were searched on eight electronic databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, PsychINFO, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science) from the journals' inception to 11 April 2024. A total of 18 studies, representing a total of 21,237 people, were included in the review. Our study suggested that emotional eating is significantly prevalent at 44.9%. High heterogeneity observed (I2: 98.7%) can be attributed to differences in measurement tools for emotional eating, but not differences in geographical regions. By providing insight to the current prevalence of emotional eating and its relevant factors, this study outlines the steps to take in future research and practice to tackle emotional eating and related health issues like obesity. There is a need to develop standardized measurement tools for emotional eating, and further investigate sociodemographic factors.
A Theoretically Informed Process Evaluation in Parallel to a Feasibility Study of a Complex Oral Health Intervention Using NICE Guidelines in a Care Home Setting
Authors: Brocklehurst Paul , Langley Joe , Wassall Rebecca , Daniyal Sana , Syed Saif Sayeed , Harvey Michelle , Goulden Nia , Sherriff Andrea , Heilmann Anja , Hoare Zoe , Smith Craig , Watt Richard , O'Neill Ciaran , Kee Frank , Cairns Peter , Lievesley Nat , McKenna Gerald , Tsakos Georgios 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundA theoretically informed process evaluation was undertaken in parallel to a study examining the feasibility of an oral health intervention based on an existing guideline for care homes. The objectives were to explore the factors that influenced the implementation of the intervention in order to understand the potential pathway to impact. The research team initially utilised Pfadenhauer et al.'s framework, which focuses on a number of different implementation factors: intervention characteristics, context, theory, process, strategy, agents, outcomes and setting.MethodsNine semi‐structured interviews were undertaken with care home managers and staff, predominantly within the intervention arm of the study. Interview schedules were originally based on Pfadenhauer et al.'s framework. These were coded and analysed using thematic analysis. Given the range of themes that emerged, the research team ran a reflexive workshop to determine whether Pfadenhauer et al.'s framework was able to capture and frame the authentic voice of those interviewed.ResultsThe research team found that a systems lens approach better fitted the data from the interviews, capturing the idiosyncrasy of the different settings and the importance of values and beliefs of the key stakeholders. It was clear that unlike the structure proposed by Pfaednhauer et al., many of the factors were interdependent and hierarchical in nature, that is, paradigm and goals within the care home had a direct impact on the system structure, which fed into how the care home was maintained, which led onto how the different actors (care home managers and staff) behaved. The process also highlighted key factors for intervention delivery: time poverty, competing needs, staff turnover, differences between shift patterns and between permanent and agency staff. Cognitive capacity of the residents and staff attitudes were also key.ConclusionsAdding a reflexive workshop enabled the research to critically review the Pfadenhauer et al.'s framework and change to a systems lens approach, which better explained the interdependent and hierarchical nature of the findings. It also highlighted a number of key factors that could influence the pathway to impact for the intervention.Trial RegistrationISRCTN10276613
The Outcome of Ongoing Adult Endocrine Engagement Following Transition From Paediatric Care
Authors: Chai Xin Yean , Lucas‐Herald Angela K. , Ahmed S. Faisal , Chen Suet Ching , Mason Avril , Wong Sze Choong , Perry Colin , Guftar Shaikh M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTransition is important for continuity of care for patients with chronic health conditions. The aim of this service evaluation was to determine the effectiveness of a transition clinic at a tertiary hospital with long‐term attendance in the adult endocrine service.DesignRetrospective case notes review of patients seen by paediatric endocrinology at the Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, at the time of transition to adult services, between 2012 and 2022. Patients with type 1 diabetes were excluded.MeasurementsEngagement was measured through clinic attendance and dropout rate. The ‘dropped out patients’ were those who were seen in the transition clinic with a transition plan but did not attend appointments in the adult service.ResultsOf the 267 individuals offered a transition clinic, data on discharge status were available for 248 (94%). Of these, 52% (n = 129) remained in the same tertiary centre, 29% (n = 61) were transferred to other endocrine centres in the West of Scotland; 17% (n = 42) were discharged to primary care. Overall, 91% (172/190) of young patients remained engaged with the adult service. Male patients had a higher drop out rate compared to females (14% vs. 4%, p < 0.05). Those from more deprived areas also had higher drop out rates compared to those from more affluent areas (17% vs. 3%, p < 0.05).ConclusionOur clinic model for transitioning from paediatric to adult endocrine care is effective in introducing and retaining patients to the adult service with only a 9% drop out rate. Factors associated with poor attendance in adult services include deprivation and being male. Additional support may be required for these individuals to improve engagement in adult services.
Downscaling global reference points to assess the sustainability of local fisheries
Authors: Zamborain‐Mason Jessica , Connolly Sean R. , MacNeil M. Aaron , Barnes Michele L. , Bauman Andrew G. , Feary David A. , Huertas Victor , Januchowski‐Hartley Fraser A. , Lau Jacqueline D. , Mihalitsis Michalis , Cinner Joshua E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMultispecies coral reef fisheries are typically managed by local communities who often lack research and monitoring capacity, which prevents estimation of well‐defined sustainable reference points to perform locally relevant fishery assessments. Recent research modeling coral reef fisheries globally has estimated multispecies sustainable reference points (i.e., the maximum reef fish yields that can be harvested sustainably and the corresponding reef fish standing biomass at which those are expected to be achieved) based on environmental indicators. These global reference points are a promising tool for assessing data‐poor reef fisheries but need to be downscaled to be relevant to resource practitioners. Using a small‐scale multispecies reef fishery in Papua New Guinea, we estimated sustainable reference points and assessed the sustainability of the fishery by integrating global‐scale analyses with local‐scale environmental conditions (i.e., coral cover, sea surface temperature, ocean productivity, and whether the reef is an atoll), reef area, fish catch and standing biomass estimates, and fishers’ perceptions. Local‐scale relevant data were obtained from a combination of remote sensing products, underwater visual censuses, catch surveys, and household structured social surveys. Our sustainability assessment based on downscaled estimated sustainable reference points was consistent with local fishers’ perceptions. Specifically, our downscaled results suggested that the fishing community was overfishing their reef fish stocks and stocks were below biomass levels that maximize production, making the overall reef fishery unsustainable. These results were consistent with fisher perceptions that reef fish stocks were declining in abundance and mean fish length and that fishers had to spend more time finding fish. Our downscaled site‐level assessment revealed severe local resource exploitation, the dynamics of which were masked in national‐scale assessments, emphasizing the importance of matching assessments to the scale of management. Overall, we show how global reference points can be applied locally when long‐term data are not available, providing baseline assessments for sustainably managing previously unassessed multispecies reef fisheries around the globe.
A roadmap toward promoting and improving brain health in Europe and closing the awareness and funding gap
Authors: Boon Paul A. J. M. , Berger Thomas , Leonardi Matilde , Marson Tony , Kallweit Ulf , Moro Elena , Toscano Antonio , Rektorova Irena , Accorroni Alice , Scheerens Charlotte , Boesch Antonia , Crean Michael , Sander Anja , Lee Simon , Bassetti Claudio L. A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe global burden of neurological diseases exceeds 43.1%, imposing a significant burden on patients, caregivers and society. This paper presents a roadmap to reduce this burden and improve brain health (BH) in Europe.MethodsThe roadmap is based on the European Academy of Neurology's (EAN) five‐pillar BH strategy: advancing a global BH approach (P1), supporting policymaking (P2), fostering research (P3), promoting education (P4), and raising awareness of prevention and treatment (P5). It reviews current efforts, collaborations and future directions aligned with the WHO Intersectoral Global Action Plan (iGAP) for Neurological Disorders and suggests future initiatives and call for action.Results

P1: Support WHO‐iGAP through defined action points, international collaborations, in particular, the WHO BH Unit, and the EAN Brain Health Mission.

P2: Collaborate with 48 national neurological societies to promote National Brain Plans (NBPs), addressing local needs, and improving access to care.

P3: Advocate for more research funding; identify determinants of BH; develop preventive measures.

P4: Provide educational opportunities for neurologists, public education programs, and advocacy training, including tools to educate the public.

P5: Spearhead global awareness campaigns, organize public educational activities, and train BH advocates to contribute toward sustainable and long‐term public health campaigns and policy engagement.

ConclusionsThe paper highlights the importance of a unified approach, integrating international collaborations and local initiatives, to improve BH outcomes based on the WHO‐iGAP, and support sustainable development goals, in particular SDG 3: Good Health and Well‐being and SDG 4: Quality Education.