bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving quality of life and self-care for patients on hemodialysis using cognitive behavioral strategies: A randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Shirazian Shayan , Smaldone Arlene M. , Jacobson Alan M. , Fazzari Melissa J. , Weinger Katie 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Behavioral-education interventions have the potential to improve quality of life and self-care for patients on hemodialysis (HD) but have not been incorporated into routine clinical practice. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the feasibility of delivering a simple behavioral-education intervention using cognitive behavioral strategies in patients receiving HD with poor quality of life.

Methods
In this mixed methods study, HD patients were randomly assigned to the study intervention (8 behavioral-education sessions delivered over 12 weeks) or a control group of dialysis education alone. Kidney disease quality of life (KDQOL)-36 scores, depressive symptoms and self-care behaviors were measured at weeks 0, 8, and 16. Following study completion, participants, social workers, and physicians provided their perspectives about the intervention via qualitative interviews.

Findings
Forty-five participants were randomized. Due, in part, to social worker attrition from the intervention arm, 34 participants (76%) completed at least 1 study session and were included in the analysis. The intervention led to modest, but non-significant, increase in KDQOL-physical component summary scores (+3.1±1.2 points) from week 0 to week 16. There were small, non-significant decreases in interdialytic weight gain and pre-dialysis phosphorus levels in the intervention group. Participants felt that chair-side delivery was practical and efficient, and that content related to the impact of dialysis on daily life was unique and important. Suggestions for adapting the intervention included narrowing its content and its delivery by additional providers that are not necessarily therapy trained.

Discussion
In this pilot study, we were able to deliver a simple behavioral-education intervention to improve both quality of life and self-care. Participants had a positive impression of the intervention, but we did not find significant improvements in quality of life or self-care. We will now adapt our intervention by narrowing its content and by using other providers that are focused solely on delivering the intervention.
Pancreatic Cancer Screening for At-Risk Individuals (Pancreas Scan Study): Yield, Harms, and Outcomes From a Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Shah Ishani , Silva-Santisteban Andy , Germansky Katharine A. , Trindade Arvind , Raphael Kara L. , Kushnir Vladimir , Pawa Rishi , Mishra Girish , Anastasiou Jiannis , Inamdar Sumant , Tharian Benjamin , Bilal Mohammad , Sawhney Mandeep S. 
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Guidelines endorse pancreatic cancer screening in genetically susceptible individuals. We conducted a prospective, multicenter study to determine yield, harms, and outcomes of pancreatic cancer screening.

METHODS:
All high-risk individuals undergoing pancreatic cancer screening at 5 centers from 2020 to 2022 were prospectively enrolled. Pancreas findings were designated as low-risk (fatty or chronic pancreatitis-like changes), intermediate-risk (neuroendocrine tumor [NET] <2 cm or branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm [IPMN]), or high-risk lesions (high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia/dysplasia, main-duct IPMN, NET >2 cm, or pancreatic cancer). Harms from screening included adverse events during screening or undergoing low-yield pancreatic surgery. Annual screening was performed using endoscopic ultrasound and or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Annual screening for new-onset diabetes using fasting blood sugar was also performed (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05006131).

RESULTS:
During the study period, 252 patients underwent pancreatic cancer screening. Mean age was 59.9 years, 69% were female, and 79.4% were White. Common indications were BRCA 1/2 (36.9%), familial pancreatic cancer syndrome kindred (31.7%), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (3.5%), Lynch syndrome (6.7%), Peutz-Jeghers (4.3%), and familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (3.5%). Low-risk lesions were noted in 23.4% and intermediate-risk lesions in 31.7%, almost all of which were branch-duct IPMN without worrisome features. High-risk lesions were noted in 2 patients (0.8%), who were diagnosed with pancreas cancer at stages T2N1M0 and T2N1M1. Prediabetes was noted in 18.2% and new-onset diabetes in 1.7%. Abnormal fasting blood sugar was not associated with pancreatic lesions. There were no adverse events from screening tests, and no patient underwent low-yield pancreatic surgery.

DISCUSSION:
Pancreatic cancer screening detected high-risk lesions with lower frequency than previously reported. No harms from screening were noted.
Warning signs from the crypt: Aberrant protein glycosylation marks opportunities for early colorectal cancer detection.
Authors: Chandrasekar Dharini , Guerrier Christina , Alisson-Silva Frederico , Dhar Chirag , Caval Tomislav , Schwarz Flavio , Hommes Daniel W. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths despite being the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer when caught early through screening. There is an unmet need for novel screening approaches with improved accuracy, less invasiveness, and reduced costs. In recent years, evidence has accumulated around particular biological events that happen during the adenoma to carcinoma transition, especially focusing on precancerous immune responses in the colonic crypt. Protein glycosylation plays a central role in driving those responses and recently numerous reports have been published on how aberrant protein glycosylation, both in colonic tissue and on circulating glycoproteins reflects these precancerous developments. The complex field of glycosylation, which exceeds complexity of proteins by several orders of magnitude, can now be studied primarily because of the availability of new high-throughput technologies like mass spectrometry and artificial-intelligence (AI)-powered data processing. This has now opened new avenues to studying novel biomarkers for CRC screening.
This review summarizes the early events taking place from the normal colon mucosa towards adenoma and adenocarcinoma formation and associated critical protein glycosylation phenomena both on tissue level and in the circulation. These insights will help establish an understanding in the interpretation of novel CRC detection modalities that involve high throughput glycomics.
The The Effect of Gamma Rays on Local Chilli Infected to Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infection (Begomovirus)
Authors: Tarigan Rasiska , Hanafia Diana Sofia , Sinuraya Mariati , Barus Susilawati , Marpaung Agustina E , Murtiningsih Rini , Sebayang Amelia 
Published: May 2023

Cabai merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura bernilai ekonomi tinggi di Indonesia. Cabai lokal Karo berbatang ungu merupakan cabai yang memiliki keunggulan produksi dan pertumbuhan vegetatif tinggi, namun sangat rentan terhadap penyakit virus keriting kuning oleh begomovirus. Salah satu upaya pengendalian begomovirus ialah dengan perakitan genotipe baru yang tahan melalui induksi iradiasi sinar gamma. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh iradiasi sinar gamma pada benih cabai lokal Karo berbatang ungu terinfeksi begomovirus untuk mendapatkan calon genotipe mutan yang tahan. Benih dari tanaman cabai terinfeksi begomovirus diberi perlakuan iradiasi sinar gamma dengan taraf dosis 150, 200, dan 250 Gy untuk mendapatkan tanaman mutan 1 (M1). Benih sehat dan benih berasal dari tanaman sakit tanpa perlakuan digunakan sebagai tanaman kontrol. Parameter yang diamati meliputi insidensi dan keparahan penyakit, AUDPC dan deteksi begomovirus pada tanaman M1 dan benih generasi kedua (M2). Perlakuan iradiasi sinar gamma taraf dosis 150 Gy pada benih cabai terinfeksi begomovirus menunjukkan rata-rata insidensi, keparahan penyakit, dan AUDPC paling rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya pada tanaman mutan M1 dan M2. Berdasarkan deteksi dengan PCR pada tanaman mutan M2, dari perlakuan dosis 150 Gy didapatkan 7 calon genotipe tahan begomovirus terbanyak di antara perlakuan lainnya.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Jahe (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.) dan Daun Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystric Dc.)
Authors: Sarastri Darsih , Rohana Evieta , Saraswati Indah 
Published: May 2023

Tanaman herbal jahe (Zingiber officinale) dan daun jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix) memiliki kandungan senyawa antioksidan berupa flavonoid, fenol, dan terpenoid. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan (efek dan nilai aktivitas antioksidan terkuat) dari kombinasi jahe dan daun jeruk purut. Penelitian meliputi determinasi, pembuatan, dan karakterisasi simplisia, ekstraksi etanol 96% (1 : 10) metode ultrasonik, skrining fitokimia, dan uji aktivitas antioksidan. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH pada ekstrak tunggal jahe dan daun jeruk purut serta kombinasi ekstrak dengan perbandingan (3 : 1), (1 : 1), dan (1 : 3). Hasil yang diperoleh pada kombinasi ekstrak jahe dan daun jeruk purut (1 : 1) menunjukkan efek sinergis (nilai CI 0,695) dengan nilai IC50 72,703 ± 0,195 ppm. Kombinasi ekstrak jahe dan daun jeruk purut (3 : 1) menghasilkan efek adisi (nilai CI 0,958) dengan nilai IC50 69,545 ± 0,167 ppm yang merupakan aktivitas antioksidan terkuat dibandingkan kombinasi lain. Kombinasi ekstrak jahe dan daun jeruk purut (1 : 3) menghasilkan efek adisi (nilai CI 0,919) dengan nilai IC50 107,030 ± 0,123 ppm.
PEMODELAN INDEKS HARGA PERDAGANGAN BESAR (IHPB) SEKTOR EKSPOR MENGGUNAKAN ARFIMA-GARCH
Authors: Winanti Gandhes Linggar , Ispriyanti Dwi , Sugito Sugito 
Published: May 2023

Indonesia's price index serves as a barometer for the nation's economic condition. One of the Indonesia’s price index is Wholesale Price Index (WPI). WPI is a price index that tracks the average change in wholesale prices over time. Time series analysis can be used for forecasting because WPI is one of the time series data. WPI is long memory, which is a condition in which data from different time periods have a high link despite being separated by a large amount of time. The Autoregressive Fractional Integrated Moving Average (ARFIMA) model can be used to overcome this feature when modeling time series data. The assumption of constant error variance is not fulfilled in the IHPB data analysis, indicating that the data is heteroscedastic. The GARCH (Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity) model is one of the models used to overcome heteroscedasticity. The data used is the export sector of WPI from January 2003 to June 2021. The best model for forecasting WPI is ARFIMA(1,b,2) – GARCH(1,1) with b=0,7345333, and MAPE value is 3,150875%.
Performance of hybrid RF/FSO wireless communication system under low visibility
Authors: Hamoudi Zainab A. , Ali Mazin Ali A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the last ten years, there has been a significant increase in the importance of free-space optics (FSO). FSO can be a solution for the last mile, but its reliability and availability issues need to be looked into in depth before they can be fixed. Because FSO links depend so much on the weather, a number of weather-related issues reduce their availability. A hybrid network with an FSO link and a backup link in the GHz frequency band offers good availability and data speeds that are similar to those of a pure FSO network. Fog’s effects on hybrid RF/FSO systems are investigated. As a backup link, the GHz frequencies with the best complementing behavior should be used. The findings demonstrated that high temperatures had no adverse effects on the RF at 25 GHz in terms of impaired visibility. Despite the cold weather, the FSO link required excellent visibility.
Changing our outlook towards vulnerable women for societal resilience
Authors: Sookool Nitish , Chan Sun Marie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The vulnerabilities and risks of women injecting drug users (WIDUs) are different compared to their male counterparts. In light of scant literature in this area, we carried out this qualitative study with the aim to explore the lived experiences of WIDUs in the North of Mauritius. Its objectives were (1) To get an insight into the risks taken during the injection practices of WIDUs and (2) To obtain an in-depth understanding of the gender-specific vulnerability of the sexual behaviours of WIDUs. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was used for the research work. Study participants were recruited from a specific needle exchange site, by purposive sampling until saturation of data was reached. In-depth interviews conducted were transcribed for thematic analysis. Ethical clearance was obtained from the relevant authorities. Findings: The principal theme which emerged from the data collected was “Drug Injection Scenario”, with the following sub-themes: settings for drug injection; pre-injection rituals; third party assistance; sharing and recycling of injecting materials. The second theme which came out was “Sex Work and Drug Use Interplay” with either sex work preceding drug injection or drug injection preceding sex work. Finally, the third theme was “Sexual Behaviours Screenplay” with casual encounters and unprotected sex. Conclusions: This study filled the gap with respect to the absence of qualitative studies among WIDUs in Mauritius. It revealed their risky drug injecting practices and sexual behaviours. Their psychological and physical dependence on drug injection contributed to their stay within this vulnerable circle. Their inability to access adequate support hinders them from coming out of the clutches of their risky drug injection and sexual practices. For resilience of the society, there is need to address the needs of this vulnerable group of women.
Obesity induces male mice infertility via oxidative stress, apoptosis, and glycolysis
Authors: Han Jianqiu , Zhao Chen , Guo Huixia , Liu Tengfei , Li Yongmei , Qi Yalei , Deussing Jan M , Zhang Yanjia , Tan Juan , Han Honghui , Ma Xueyun 
Published: May 2023

In brief
The current declining trend in male fertility parallels the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide. This paper revealed that the poor in vitro fertilization rates and decreased sperm motility in obese mice due to excessive oxidative stress enhanced apoptosis and impaired glucose metabolism in the testes.

Abstract
Obesity is an urgent public health problem in recent decades, linked to reduced reproductive potential, and negatively affects the success of assisted reproduction technology. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms underlying impaired male fertility caused by obesity. Male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks served as mouse models with moderate (20% < body fat rate (BFR) < 30%) and severe obesity (BFR > 30%). Our results showed poor in vitro fertilization rates and decreased sperm motility in obese mice. Abnormal testicular structures were identified in male mice with moderate and severe obesity. The expression level of malondialdehyde increased with obesity severity. This finding indicates that oxidative stress plays a role in male infertility caused by obesity, which was further confirmed by the decreased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidases. Our study also found that the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2 showed an obesity severity-dependent manner indicating that apoptosis is highly correlated with male infertility caused by obesity. Moreover, the expression of glycolysis-related proteins, including glucose transporter 8, lactate dehydrogenase A, monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2), and MCT4, decreased significantly in the testes of obese male mice, suggesting energy supply for spermatogenesis is impaired by obesity. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that obesity impairs male fertility through oxidative stress, apoptosis, and blockage of energy supply in the testes and suggest that male obesity influences fertility through complex and multiple mechanisms.
Segregation by size in the mouthless crab Cardisoma crassum (Brachyura: Gecarcinidae) from Ponuga, Veraguas, Panama
Authors: Lombardo-González Roberto C. , Cedeño Pinto Leidys M. 
Published: May 2023

The mouthless crab Cardisoma crassum is an important socioeconomic fishery resource; thus, understanding its distribution pattern is key for its fishery management. The present study aimed to determine if mouthless crabs show segregation by size in contrasting habitat types. Three plots were sampled from February to June 2022 to collect data on biometric variables in Ponuga, Veraguas, Panama Pacific. A total of 151 crabs with average cephalothorax width of 56.24 ± 8.56 mm were captured; 97 were male and 54 were female. This proportion difference was significantly skewed towards males at 1.8:1. Subjects from plot 1 were larger and heavier than those from plots 2 and 3. Ovigerous females were found only in plots 1 and 2 during June (rainy season). The minimum cephalothorax width of functionally mature females was 47.11 mm. By this measure, mature females were present in higher proportions in all plots and were significantly more abundant in plot 1. Small crabs were segregated in plot 3; the plot of origin and size were significantly associated. This is the first report of segregation by size in Cardisoma crassum. The findings highlight the importance of habitat features and lead the way for further studies on the factors influencing this distribution pattern.
Eventos de blanqueamiento del coral Porites lobata (2006-2022) y actividades de restauración en el sitio Ramsar “Complejo Los Cóbanos”, El Salvador
Authors: Barraza José Enrique 
Published: May 2023

Introducción: El blanqueamiento global coralino refleja la fragilidad del coral a condiciones ambientales adversas y al cambio climático. Porites lobata es la especie de coral hermatípico más abundante actualmente en El Salvador y ha experimentado eventos de blanqueamiento recientes en el área natural protegida Complejo Los Cóbanos.
Objetivo: Describir los episodios de blanqueamiento que colonias de P. lobata experimentaron en Los Cóbanos, El Salvador, durante los últimos 18 años, y analizar los esfuerzos de restauración de coral.
Métodos: Aproximadamente 2 100 imágenes (2006 - 2022) tomadas sin periodicidad específica de dos sitios fueron revisadas. Parámetros del agua desde 2014 fueron registradas sin una periodicidad temporal definida. Las áreas de estudio fueron son playa El Faro y colonias submareales cerca de un importante resort de playa. La primera área presentó colonias dispersas en una zona intermareal, la otra, colonias más grandes a 2 m de profundidad en marea baja. También, revisar literatura acerca de actividades para restaurar arrecifes dentro del país.
Resultados: Varios eventos de blanqueamiento ocurrieron durante este período de observación. Algunos de ellos podrían estar asociados a temperaturas altas del agua de mar (> 30 o C) de mayo a octubre (estación lluviosa), floraciones algales nocivas, así como causas desconocidas. Varios blanqueamientos que causaron pérdida de cobertura de coral en las colonias intermareales ocurrieron durante el evento global (2015-2016).
Conclusiones: Blanqueamiento en el Complejo los Cóbanos ocurre en diferentes patrones de intensidad durante la estación lluviosa que comprende niveles de alta temperatura y turbidez en el agua, así como floraciones algales. El episodio de 2015-2016 causó pérdida de cobertura de coral en las colonias intermareales y las submareales experimentaron pequeños daños permanentes (< 5 % mortalidad). Las políticas de restauración nacionales requieren más esfuerzos estratégicos considerando la hidrodinámica y las capacidades institucionales locales.
Evaluación de los indicadores demográficos de Pocillopora (Scleractinia: Pocilloporidae) en sitios insulares vs. costeros: implicaciones para un programa de restauración regional
Authors: Rodríguez-Troncoso Alma Paola , Tortolero-Langarica José de Jesús Adolfo , Medellín-López Pastora Contreras , Canizales-Flores Hazel María , Godínez-Domínguez Enrique , Cupul Magaña Amílcar Leví 
Published: May 2023

Introducción: El mantenimiento de las comunidades coralinas depende directamente de la capacidad de los individuos para crecer como colonia. Dado que el crecimiento forma la base de la estructura física del arrecife, determinar la tasa de crecimiento de las especies de corales constructores y su respuesta a las variaciones ambientales nos permitirá identificar su potencial particular para implementar estrategias de restauración más efectivas.
Objetivo: Determinar la tasa de crecimiento del coral constructor de arrecifes Pocillopora en todo el Pacífico Central Mexicano (PCM) y su relación con las fluctuaciones en las condiciones ambientales.
Métodos: De agosto de 2019 a octubre de 2020, se monitorearon y trasplantaron un total de 153 fragmentos de coral ramificado del género Pocillopora como parte del programa de restauración en diferentes sitios de la PCM: Parque Nacional Islas Marietas y en la Caleta de Cuastecomates. Se calculó el crecimiento del coral (cm·año-1) y sobrevivencia (%), y se correlacionó con la temperatura, PAR y Kd490 para cada localidad.
Resultados: Patrones similares en los parámetros examinados entre los fragmentos de coral fueron encontrados para todos los sitios, con un rango de sobrevivencia de 61.6 – 68 %, cuya mortalidad estuvo relacionada principalmente con huracanes y tormentas que afectaron la región. Sin embargo, la tasa de crecimiento oscila entre 2.0 – 8.0 cm·año-1, sin diferencias significativas entre localidades. Además, no se registraron diferencias en las condiciones ambientales entre las localidades.
Conclusiones: Los corales ramificados del género Pocillopora presentan una tasa de crecimiento similar en sitios insulares y costeros de la PCM, por lo que se podría esperar que la implementación de un programa de restauración en toda esta región del Pacífico Mexicano sería potencialmente exitoso, ya que, las condiciones ambientales locales no son factores limitantes.