bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Listening to Human Rights: Class Conflict in Hanns Eisler’s Deutsche Sinfonie
Authors: Marcus Kenneth H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In what began as a piece against the Nazi concentration camps, the composer Hanns Eisler and his collaborator, the poet and playwright Bertolt Brecht, created the eleven-movement, twelve-tone Deutsche Sinfonie, Op. 50 (1935–1958) to communicate political ideas. They soon expanded it to articulate what they saw as the very roots of fascism: militarism and capitalism. To explain the problems of class conflict in Europe, Eisler and Brecht focused on two groups that were central to Marxist–Leninist ideology: peasants and industrial workers. In two movements, the Peasant Cantata (Bauernkantate) and Workers Cantata (Arbeiterkantate), they portrayed long-standing injustices that peasants and industrial workers endured in the twentieth century. Eisler thus viewed the Deutsche Sinfonie, his largest and most ambitious work, as a way of explaining the arc of modern German history—from the late nineteenth century through to the 1940s—and how the Nazis came to power. The article further argues that the Deutsche Sinfonie can be analysed in relation to the discourse on human rights, drawing on the work of Martha Nussbaum, Micheline Ishay and other human rights theorists and historians, as a contribution to what Mark Philip Bradley calls the ‘global human rights imagination’. The article explains the vital role that the Peasant Cantata and Workers Cantata had in the overall conception of the work and how human rights issues were at the core of that musical idea. To place the Deutsche Sinfonie in historical and cultural context, this interdisciplinary analysis integrates methodologies of both cultural history and musicology.
In-Depth Assessment of Endoscopic Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated by Anti-TNF or Vedolizumab
Authors: Loly Jean-Philippe , Vieujean Sophie , Reenaers Catherine , Van Kemseke Catherine , Seidel, ScD Laurence , Louis Edouard , Somja Joan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background and aims
Confocal endomicroscopy is a technique allowing the in vivo assessment of the superficial layers of the mucosa. Preliminary studies have already suggested its added value in the assessment of endoscopic remission in inflammatory bowel disease. However, most of these studies were performed on patients still having incomplete mucosal healing. Our aim was to disclose persisting endomicroscopic anomalies in patients with full endoscopic remission and to compare them between vedolizumab- and anti-tumor necrosis factor–treated patients.

Methods
We screened patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) treated for more than 6 months with biologic therapy, and being in steroid-free clinical and biological remission. White light endoscopy and probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) analysis were performed in the ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum. Full endoscopic remission was defined by a Mayo endoscopic score of 0 in UC and no remaining ulcer or erosion in CD. Patients were prospectively followed up and clinical relapses were recorded.

Results
Seventy-two CD and UC patients treated by biologic therapy and in clinical and biological remission were screened. A total of 37 were also in full endoscopic remission and were included in our study; 183 intestinal segments were analyzed. We found residual pCLE anomalies in most of the patients. These anomalies were not significantly associated with any demographic or clinical characteristic including the treatment received, nor were they associated with histological parameters, levels of C-reactive protein or fecal calprotectin. Among the 37 patients, 7 (18.9%) relapsed over a median follow-up of 33.7 months. The risk of relapse was not associated with any clinical, biological, histologic, or pCLE feature at baseline.

Conclusion
Despite endoscopic, biological, and even histological remission, we found a high prevalence of endomicroscopic abnormalities, which were not different between anti-tumor necrosis factor– and vedolizumab-treated patients. The clinical significance of these anomalies remains to be clarified.
Comparison of time series clustering methods for identifying novel subphenotypes of patients with infection
Authors: Bhavani Sivasubramanium V , Xiong Li , Pius Abish , Semler Matthew , Qian Edward T , Verhoef Philip A , Robichaux Chad , Coopersmith Craig M , Churpek Matthew M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
Severe infection can lead to organ dysfunction and sepsis. Identifying subphenotypes of infected patients is essential for personalized management. It is unknown how different time series clustering algorithms compare in identifying these subphenotypes.

Materials and Methods
Patients with suspected infection admitted between 2014 and 2019 to 4 hospitals in Emory healthcare were included, split into separate training and validation cohorts. Dynamic time warping (DTW) was applied to vital signs from the first 8 h of hospitalization, and hierarchical clustering (DTW-HC) and partition around medoids (DTW-PAM) were used to cluster patients into subphenotypes. DTW-HC, DTW-PAM, and a previously published group-based trajectory model (GBTM) were evaluated for agreement in subphenotype clusters, trajectory patterns, and subphenotype associations with clinical outcomes and treatment responses.

Results
There were 12 473 patients in training and 8256 patients in validation cohorts. DTW-HC, DTW-PAM, and GBTM models resulted in 4 consistent vitals trajectory patterns with significant agreement in clustering (71–80% agreement, P &lt; .001): group A was hyperthermic, tachycardic, tachypneic, and hypotensive. Group B was hyperthermic, tachycardic, tachypneic, and hypertensive. Groups C and D had lower temperatures, heart rates, and respiratory rates, with group C normotensive and group D hypotensive. Group A had higher odds ratio of 30-day inpatient mortality (P &lt; .01) and group D had significant mortality benefit from balanced crystalloids compared to saline (P &lt; .01) in all 3 models.

Discussion
DTW- and GBTM-based clustering algorithms applied to vital signs in infected patients identified consistent subphenotypes with distinct clinical outcomes and treatment responses.

Conclusion
Time series clustering with distinct computational approaches demonstrate similar performance and significant agreement in the resulting subphenotypes.
Optimization of backpropagation neural network models for reliability forecasting using the boxing match algorithm: electro-mechanical case
Authors: Tanhaeean M , Ghaderi S F , Sheikhalishahi M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Presenting a robust intelligent model capable of making accurate reliability forecasts has been an attractive topic to most industries. This study mainly aims to develop an approach by utilizing backpropagation neural network (BPNN) to predict the reliability of engineering systems, such as industrial robot systems and turbochargers, with reasonable computing speed and high accuracy. Boxing match algorithm (BMA), as an evolutionary metaheuristic algorithm with a new weight update strategy, is proposed to bring about performance improvements of the ANN in reliability forecast. Consequently, the hybrid model of BMA-BPNN has been provided to gain a significant level of accuracy in optimizing the weight and bias of BPNN using three sets of function approximation data to benchmark the proposed approach’s performance. Then, the BMA is utilized to improve reliability forecasting accuracy in engineering problems. The obtained results reveal that the presented algorithm delivers exceptional performance in function approximation, and its performance in forecasting engineering systems’ reliability is about 20% better than further compared algorithms. Similarly, rapid convergence rate, reasonable computing time, and well-performing are additional characteristics of the presented algorithm. Given the BMA-BPNN characteristics and the acquired findings, we can conclude that the proposed algorithm can be applicable in forecasting engineering problems’ reliability.
Reference genome of the long-jawed orb-weaver, Tetragnatha versicolor (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)
Authors: Adams Seira A , Graham Natalie R , Holmquist Anna J , Sheffer Monica M , Steigerwald Emma C , Sahasrabudhe Ruta , Nguyen Oanh , Beraut Eric , Fairbairn Colin , Sacco Samuel , Seligmann William , Escalona Merly , Shaffer H Bradley , Toffelmier Erin , Gillespie Rosemary G 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Climate-driven changes in hydrological regimes are of global importance and are particularly significant in riparian ecosystems. Riparian ecosystems in California provide refuge to many native and vulnerable species within a xeric landscape. California Tetragnatha spiders play a key role in riparian ecosystems, serving as a link between terrestrial and aquatic elements. Their tight reliance on water paired with the widespread distributions of many species make them ideal candidates to better understand the relative role of waterways versus geographic distance in shaping the population structure of riparian species. To assist in better understanding population structure, we constructed a reference genome assembly for Tetragnatha versicolor using long-read sequencing, scaffolded with proximity ligation Omni-C data. The near-chromosome-level assembly is comprised of 174 scaffolds spanning 1.06 Gb pairs, with a scaffold N50 of 64.1 Mb pairs and BUSCO completeness of 97.6%. This reference genome will facilitate future study of T. versicolor population structure associated with the rapidly changing environment of California.
Safety of extended interval dosing immune checkpoint inhibitors: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Cantini Luca , Paoloni Francesco , Pecci Federica , Spagnolo Francesco , Genova Carlo , Tanda Enrica Teresa , Aerts Sophie , Rebuzzi Sara Elena , Fornarini Giuseppe , Zoratto Federica , Fancelli Sara , Lupi Alessio , Della Corte Carminia Maria , Parisi Alessandro , Bennati Chiara , Ortega Cinzia , Atzori Francesco , Piovano Pier Luigi , Orciuolo Corrado , De Tursi Michele , Ghidini Michele , Botticelli Andrea , Scagnoli Simone , Belluomini Lorenzo , Leporati Rita , Veccia Antonello , Di Giacomo Anna Maria , Festino Lucia , Cortinovis Diego , Acquati Mirko , Filetti Marco , Giusti Raffaele , Tucci Marco , Sergi Maria Chiara , Garutti Mattia , Puglisi Fabio , Manglaviti Sara , Citarella Fabrizio , Santoni Matteo , Rijavec Erika , Lo Russo Giuseppe , Santini Daniele , Addeo Alfredo , Antonuzzo Lorenzo , Indini Alice , Rocchi Marco Bruno Luigi , Cortellini Alessio , Grossi Francesco , Ascierto Paolo Antonio , Aerts Joachim G J V , Berardi Rossana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Real-life spectrum and survival implications of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients treated with extended interval dosing (ED) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are unknown.

Methods
Characteristics of 812 consecutive solid cancer patients who received at least 1 cycle of ED monotherapy (pembrolizumab 400 mg Q6W or nivolumab 480 mg Q4W) after switching from canonical interval dosing (CD; pembrolizumab 200 mg Q3W or nivolumab 240 mg Q2W) or treated upfront with ED were retrieved. The primary objective was to compare irAEs patterns within the same population (before and after switch to ED). irAEs spectrum in patients treated upfront with ED and association between irAEs and overall survival were also described.

Results
A total of 550 (68%) patients started ICIs with CD and switched to ED. During CD, 225 (41%) patients developed any grade and 17 (3%) G3 or G4 irAEs; after switching to ED, any grade and G3 or G4 irAEs were experienced by 155 (36%) and 20 (5%) patients. Switching to ED was associated with a lower probability of any grade irAEs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.64 to 0.99; P = .047), whereas no difference for G3 or G4 events was noted (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 0.81 to 2.94; P = .18). Among patients who started upfront with ED (n = 232, 32%), 107 (41%) developed any grade and 14 (5%) G3 or G4 irAEs during ED. Patients with irAEs during ED had improved overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.34 to 0.82; P = .004 after switching; aHR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.93; P = .025 upfront).

Conclusions
Switching ICI treatment from CD and ED did not increase the incidence of irAEs and represents a safe option also outside clinical trials.
Clonal hematopoiesis in older patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy
Authors: Mayerhofer Christina , Sedrak Mina S , Hopkins Judith O , Li Tianyu , Tayob Nabihah , Faggen Meredith G , Sinclair Natalie F , Chen Wendy Y , Parsons Heather A , Mayer Erica L , Lange Paulina B , Basta Ameer S , Perilla-Glen Adriana , Lederman Ruth I , Wong Andrew R , Tiwari Abhay , McAllister Sandra S , Mittendorf Elizabeth A , Gibson Christopher J , Burstein Harold J , Kim Annette S , Freedman Rachel A , Miller Peter G 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
The expansion of hematopoietic stem cells carrying recurrent somatic mutations, termed clonal hematopoiesis (CH), is common in elderly individuals and is associated with increased risk of myeloid malignancy and all-cause mortality. Though chemotherapy is a known risk factor for developing CH, how myelosuppressive therapies affect the short-term dynamics of CH remains incompletely understood. Most studies have been limited by retrospective design, heterogeneous patient populations, varied techniques to identifying CH, and analysis of single timepoints.

Methods
We examined serial samples from 40 older women with triple-negative or hormone receptor–positive breast cancer treated on the prospective ADjuVANt Chemotherapy in the Elderly trial to evaluate the prevalence and dynamics of CH at baseline and throughout chemotherapy (6 and 12 weeks).

Results
CH was detected in 44% of patients at baseline and in 53% at any timepoint. Baseline patient characteristics were not associated with CH. Over the course of treatment, mutations exhibited a variety of dynamics, including emergence, expansion, contraction, and disappearance. All mutations in TP53 (n = 3) and PPM1D (n = 4), genes that regulate the DNA damage response, either became detectable or expanded over the course of treatment. Neutropenia was more common in patients with CH, particularly when the mutations became detectable during treatment, and CH was significantly associated with cyclophosphamide dose reductions and holds (P = .02).

Conclusions
Our study shows that CH is common, dynamic, and of potential clinical significance in this population. Our results should stimulate larger efforts to understand the biological and clinical importance of CH in solid tumor malignancies.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03858322). Clinical trial registration number: NCT03858322.
Studying root–environment interactions in structured microdevices
Authors: Kaiser Christian-Frederic , Perilli Alessia , Grossmann Guido , Meroz Yasmine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
When interacting with the environment, plant roots integrate sensory information over space and time in order to respond appropriately under non-uniform conditions. The complexity and dynamic properties of soil across spatial and temporal scales pose a significant technical challenge for research into the mechanisms that drive metabolism, growth, and development in roots, as well as on inter-organismal networks in the rhizosphere. Synthetic environments, combining microscopic access and manipulation capabilities with soil-like heterogeneity, are needed to elucidate the intriguing antagonism that characterizes subsurface ecosystems. Microdevices have provided opportunities for innovative approaches to observe, analyse, and manipulate plant roots and advanced our understanding of their development, physiology, and interactions with the environment. Initially conceived as perfusion platforms for root cultivation under hydroponic conditions, microdevice design has, in recent years, increasingly shifted to better reflect the complex growth conditions in soil. Heterogeneous micro-environments have been created through co-cultivation with microbes, laminar flow-based local stimulation, and physical obstacles and constraints. As such, structured microdevices provide an experimental entry point into the complex network behaviour of soil communities.
Continuous Monitoring of the Environment of Electron Microscopes
Authors: Ouyang Hsiu-Yi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Electron microscopes (EMs) are very sensitive to external disturbances, like acoustic noise, vibrations, and magnetic fields, which can significantly decrease their precision and compromise the resolution of images. It is, therefore, crucial to survey the room environment carefully before these instruments are installed, and to continue to monitor the surroundings when they are in use, since subsequent or transient changes to conditions can lead to ongoing problems. This is particularly important for EMs used for quality control in semiconductor production, as perturbed images make it hard to detect faults, and ultimately affect the yield and performance of semiconductor products. Fortunately, there are now dedicated systems designed especially for continuous monitoring of the environment surrounding sensitive equipment. Although the technologies used for this application have been on the market for some time, new solutions that provide uninterrupted and automatic logging of various environmental parameters will be a gamechanger for electron beam (EB) instrument applications.
When, where, and how many planets end up in first-order resonances?
Authors: Huang Shuo , Ormel Chris W 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThe theory of Type I migration has been widely used in many studies. Transiting multiplanet systems offer us the opportunity to examine the consistency between observation and theory, especially for those systems harbouring planets in Mean Motion Resonance (MMR). The displacement these resonant pairs show from exact commensurability provides us with information on their migration and eccentricity-damping histories. Here, we adopt a probabilistic approach, characterized by two distributions – appropriate for either the resonant or non-resonant planets – to fit the observed planet period ratio distribution. With the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, we find that ${\approx }15{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of exoplanets are in first-order (j + 1: j) MMRs, the ratio of eccentricity-to-semimajor axis damping is too high to allow overstable librations, and that the results are by-and-large consistent with Type-I migration theory. In addition, our modelling finds that a small fraction of resonant pairs is captured into resonance during migration, implying late planet formation (gas-poor). Most of the resonant pairs park themselves at the migration barrier, indicating early planet formation (gas-rich). Furthermore, after improving the criterion on two-body resonant trapping, we obtain an upper limit of the disc surface density at the time the planets are locked in resonance.
SLC30A10 manganese transporter in the brain protects against deficits in motor function and dopaminergic neurotransmission under physiological conditions
Authors: Taylor Cherish A , Grant Stephanie M , Jursa Thomas , Melkote Ashvini , Fulthorpe Rebecca , Aschner Michael , Smith Donald R , Gonzales Rueben A , Mukhopadhyay Somshuvra 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in SLC30A10 induce hereditary manganese (Mn)-induced neuromotor disease in humans. We previously identified SLC30A10 to be a critical Mn efflux transporter that controls physiological brain Mn levels by mediating hepatic and intestinal Mn excretion in adolescence/adulthood. Our studies also revealed that in adulthood, SLC30A10 in the brain regulates brain Mn levels when Mn excretion capacity is overwhelmed (e.g. after Mn exposure). But, the functional role of brain SLC30A10 under physiological conditions is unknown. We hypothesized that, under physiological conditions, brain SLC30A10 may modulate brain Mn levels and Mn neurotoxicity in early postnatal life because body Mn excretion capacity is reduced in this developmental stage. We discovered that Mn levels of pan-neuronal/glial Slc30a10 knockout mice were elevated in specific brain regions (thalamus) during specific stages of early postnatal development (postnatal day 21), but not in adulthood. Furthermore, adolescent or adult pan-neuronal/glial Slc30a10 knockouts exhibited neuromotor deficits. The neuromotor dysfunction of adult pan-neuronal/glial Slc30a10 knockouts was associated with a profound reduction in evoked striatal dopamine release without dopaminergic neurodegeneration or changes in striatal tissue dopamine levels. Put together, our results identify a critical physiological function of brain SLC30A10—SLC30A10 in the brain regulates Mn levels in specific brain regions and periods of early postnatal life, which protects against lasting deficits in neuromotor function and dopaminergic neurotransmission. These findings further suggest that a deficit in dopamine release may be a likely cause of early-life Mn-induced motor disease.
Government funding incentives and study program capacities in public universities: theory and evidence
Authors: Dyrstad Jan Morten , Sohlman Mia Marie Wallgren , Teigen Tor Henrik 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectives aimed at increasing higher education productivity, for instance, measured by credits per student, have stimulated the use of performance-based funding (PBF) by higher education institutions (HEIs). On theoretical grounds, PBF is expected to speed-up study program capacity adjustments through (re)allocations of study places. We conclude from analyses of Norwegian data that study places are adjusted efficiently if there are binding capacity restrictions at the institution level, or competition for students. Strengthened PBF does not affect long-run adjustments. Instead, admissions seem to adjust to secure full enrollment. The results provide an explanation of why very few positive effects of PBF in higher education are found in the literature. Given continued use of PBF to enhance productivity, a likely policy implication is to impose tighter restrictions on the total number of study places allocated to HEIs, or to change the price structure of the PBF model.