bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of community solar projects between Thailand and Japan
Authors:   , Yamashita Masataka 
Published: September 2023

Community-solar (CS) has appeared as a new solar PV ownership model in the word, in which the business model of CS should vary depending on each country’s context. Various unique factors of each country such as the design of the government’s support, characteristics of the community, and business custom may have an impact on how community members benefit from CS projects. The objective of this research is to compare the implemented CS projects in Thailand and Japan and to provide policy recommendation on CS for both countries based on comparison for contribution to further development of CS. The selected case study in this research was conducted in the CS projects at Chon Buri and Prachuap Khiri Khan in Thailand and Kitakyushu and Awaji in Japan. Here, I performed comparative analysis on business models and financial parameters on the current existing two CS projects each in Thailand and Japan considering own energy situation. Also, interviews with the CS projects relevant people were conducted. The economic indicators of CS projects were evaluated by the System Advisor Model, which can calculate net present value, levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and so on. From the data collected through the interviews, it is clarified that the investments in Thailand's CS projects are only about one-third of the investments in Japanese CS projects. The main reasons are the difference in the labor cost, the price of the instruments. As the results of analyses, policy recommendations to both Japanese and Thailand government were made. For the Japanese government, the extension of project lifetime is suggested. Regarding Thailand, FiT price and lifetime should be determined carefully.
Water resource efficiency towards sustainable tourism at Patong Municipality, Phuket Province, Thailand
Authors:   , Rattanopas Palida 
Published: September 2023

Tourism is one of the main incomes of Thailand that is directly contribute to the national GDP. Tourism affects not only on economic sector but also on the environment society. Sustainable tourism (ST) has become more important in conserving and maintaining natural resources for the next generation. The ST requires an efficient use of natural resources, particularly water resource. The objective of this research is to study water resource efficiency towards sustainable tourism at Patong Municipality, Kathu district of Phuket. Water shortage has taken place in Patong municipality for decades. A set of semi-structure questionnaires was used to in-depth interview respondents selected by using a purposive sampling method. The total respondents were 44 composing of 4 groups including hotel businesses, local communities, governmental organization, and tourism-related associations. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and content analysis method. The study found that the Phuket Provincial Waterworks Authority (PPWA) and the Patong Municipality are two major water suppliers in Patong municipality. 50% of respondents used water from the PPWA, while 13.51% of them used water from the Patong municipality. However, 43.24% of them also obtained water from their shallow well, natural canals, village water supply, groundwater, and purchasing water. 89.18% of respondents faced with water shortage yearly that be solved by collecting rainwater in bigger storage tanks. Concerning water usage leading to sustainable tourism, water saving, efficient water use and water treated reuse for gardening would be powerful actions. The environmental awareness would play a vital role on water use for sustainable tourism. Therefore, a stronger collaboration among stakeholders including governments, state-enterprises, private sectors and all local people would sustainably reduce water shortage in Patong municipality.
Adsorption and chemical cleaning process of anionic and non-ionic surfactants on the membrane surface through the forward osmosis process: application for water reuse
Authors:   , Ruengruehan Kaiwit 
Published: September 2023

Forward osmosis (FO) process, an attractive membrane technologies, have been widely studied and applied in many fields to manufacture the clean water. This work, we focused on the fouling behavior and mechanisms of forward osmosis (FO) fouled by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as anionic surfactants and of nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE, NP-40) as nonionic surfactant, including cleaning process to recover the system. FO process was run under different operating conditions (cross flow velocity, pH of feed solution, surfactant concentration). In addition, deionized-water (DI), 0.1 M NaCl, and alkaline solution (NaOH) were applied as agents for the cleaning process. The results revealed that the diffusion of water molecules increased with cross-flow velocity, feed solution pH, and surfactant increasing in both single surfactant and mixture surfactant. In addition, deposits of negative charge on the membrane surface induced the diffusion of water molecules, whereby increasing FO performance. Contrariwise, the diffusion in salt molecules decreased after adding the surfactant into the feed solution due to the surfactant layer performing as a resistance, resulting in the reduction of salt flux and increasing of reversal salt selectivity. In terms of cleaning process, the findings significantly indicated that the highest performance was increased when the FO system was operated at high pH (pH 11) of feed solution due to negatively charged promoted the increasing in diffusion of water molecules.
TiO2 nanoparticles coated forward osmosis membranes for treatment of industrial textile effluent
Authors:   , Sint Kaung 
Published: September 2023

Textile wastewater occur as demanding water bodies to be treated by membrane separation due to the complex composition and presence of reactive constituents such as heavy metals and salts as well as nutrients, e.g. nitrogen, sulphate and phosphate. Numerous combination of osmosis process with photocatalysts has been experimentally conceived for the water and wastewater treatment and reuse of textile wastewater. The present work was devoted to study the operating feasibility using photocatalyst as TiO2 nano-particles were coated onto two commercially available FO membranes, a cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane and an aquaporin (AqP) membrane through a specially designed 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate–polymethyl methacrylate–bromide (MEMO–PMMA–Br) monomer chain as an alternative forward osmosis treatment method of conventionally treated wastewater discharged from textile plants. Effects of dye concentration, dissolved ions and TOC and reactive dye removing were studied. An initial water flux (Jw) of 18.38 L m−2 h−1 with a dye rejection of 99.9% has been demonstrated by using 1 M NaCl as the draw solution and synthetic textile wastewater containing reactive textile dyes (black, blue and red) 200, 400, 600, 800 ppm, inorganic salts, varying amounts of PVA and HCOH as interferences in the feed under the FO mode. The water flux of both membranes and the performance of the CTA membrane were greatly enhanced after surface modification. The experiments also show that CTA membrane gives higher water flux than aquaporin membrane for forward osmosis operation of synthetic textile wastewater. The increase in water flux for aquaporin is about 5.13% than CTA.
Roles and regulation of the AI-2 quorum sensing of vibrio parahaemolyticus in nitrification biofilter of shrimp recirculating system.
Authors:   , Pumkaew Monchai 
Published: September 2023

Thailand is the largest shrimp producing and exporter among Southeast Asia. Up-to-Date, Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) have been developed in order to control water quality and enable to conduct intensive cultivation without limitation of land-based cultivation method. Nevertheless, there is concern about pathogenic contamination in Biofilter. Therefore, the role of biofilter in terms of biosecurity is required to study. Recently, shrimp Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) as known as AHPND/EMS, has spread to shrimp farm in several areas of Thailand. This contributes to severe productivity losses in the shrimp farm industry. It is evident that the causative agent of AHPND disease is bacteria Virbrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND), containing specific plasmid for producing bacterial toxins; ToxA and ToxB. however, it is still unclear about the biological mechanism used for toxin production and secretion. Therefore, the objectives of this research are to 1) to study the function of nitrification biological filters and the effects of organic substances on bacteria population in the filters in lab scale 2) to study the role of AI-2 quorum sensing on the toxin secretion related to VPAHPND. The first results found that VPAHPND can grow on biofilm matrix if there was any sufficient organic carbon source. Lack of organic carbon source significant led to elimination of VPAHPND. Moreover, organic substances (glucose) had an effect on changing in the number of bacteria in the biological filters and in the suspended of water. Heterotrophic bacteria were commonly found in Biofilter Unit (over 108 CFU/bead). Moreover, AI-2 like activity, using bioassay, could be observed in Nitrification Biofilter Unit, this was confirmed that AI-2 signal is ubiquitous in marine biofilter. In the second experiment, based on SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting results, the study found that addition of Cell-free supernatant obtained from the mutant Vibiro Campbellii (BB170) into culture medium (TSB+1.5%NaCl) at 1% 5% and 9% v/v could induce ToxA and ToxB production in VPAHPND. There was a strong correlation between the significant change of the toxin production and AI-2 like activity. In contrast, addition of Furanone C-30, a QS inhibitor, at 1 micromolar and 5 micromolar resulted in the significant toxin secretion (P<0.05). From the results aforementioned, this study can be concluded that AI-2 quorum sensing of VPAHPND plays an important role on the AHPND-toxin production. Although the AI-2 like activity in the biological filter had a lower level compared with the culture medium, the accumulation of AI-2 signal molecule may result in the increasing risk of AHPND infection. Therefore, the control and prevention of AHPND/EMS in shrimp cultivation using RAS should concern not only the contaminated VPAHPND, but also the level of QS signals that account for virulence factor of pathogens in the system.
Information Provision and Economic Approach for Promotion of Plastic Shopping Bag Reduction in Bangkok, Thailand.
Authors:   , Piromrat Nattapat 
Published: September 2023

This research aims to study the situations of plastic bag management from stakeholders, current plastic bag use trends, evaluate the effect of information provision and estimate the willingness to pay for plastic bag waste management in Bangkok. Online and field questionnaires had been distributed to collect the data. This study found that the trend of plastic bag use is moderate while most of respondents always reuse their plastic bag. Situations of plastic bag management indicate plastic bags are still distributed for free in the market, but some retailers started not to provide them. The plastic bag production is gradually affected by reduction measures. Descriptive and life cycle thinking based information can reduce plastic bag use intention, expectation for plastic bag as well as an intention of double plastic bag use intention. They can enhance environmental attitude and perception. Willingness to pay for plastic bag waste management was analyzed by using contingent valuation method then estimated by interval regression. Online and filed respondents express WTP 0.030-0.044US$ per bag. Influencing factors are age, use intention and levy support. Recommendations had been generated into 3 topics I) increase environmental awareness, II) integration of managements at all stakeholder levels and III) legislation for plastic bag reduction measure.
Acclimatization and application of biofilters for nitrogen removal in marine recirculating shrimp culture system
Authors:   , Satanwat Penpicha 
Published: September 2023

This research involved in the complete nitrogen removal in marine recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) through sequential nitrification and denitrification processes using internal biofilter within a single tank. The study was divided into two experimental parts. The first study was to estimate the effects of salinity (5, 15 and 25 PSU) and stocking density (50 and 100 shrimp m-2) on nitrification and denitrification efficiencies, as well as on microbial diversity in the biofilm. Also, the nitrogen removal efficiencies of fibrous BiocordTM biofilter and Japanese filter mat were compared. Results showed that the nitrification was stimulated in low-salinity (5 PSU) system with intensive (100 shrimp m-2) shrimp cultivation at the maximum ammonia removal rates of 100.42±5.97 mg-N m-2 day-1 for fibrous biofilter and 145.43±1.17 mg-N m-2 day-1 for filter mat, respectively. While the highest denitrification efficiencies were also found in the intensive system as 81.86±4.40 mg-N m-2 day-1 at 25 PSU for fibrous biofilter and 165.80±50.17 mg-N m-2 day-1 at 5 PSU for filter mat, respectively. Results from the next-generation sequencing (NGS) on Illumina MiSeq demonstrated that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant bacterial groups in all experimental systems. For microorganisms in nitrogen cycle, however, the predominant nitrifiers and denitrifiers observed in low-salinity system was different from that under medium- (15 PSU) and high-salinity (25 PSU) conditions. The second study was to evaluate the performance of fibrous biofilter and to monitor the microbial community dynamics during long-term (210 days) operation of marine (25 PSU) RAS at the initial shrimp density of 1 kg-shrimp m-3. Results showed that the complete nitrification was achieved after approximately 2 months of biofilter acclimation in parallel with shrimp cultivation. Throughout the two rounds replication of aerobic nitrification followed by anoxic denitrification, ammonia and nitrite were controlled within the acceptable condition while nitrate was then remove after shrimp harvest under anoxic condition with methanol supplement at COD:Nitrate-N of 5:1. Microbial results demonstrated that the uncultured bacterium clone PI1AB88 and the uncultured bacterium clone SF_NOB_Cd08 were the main players in ammonia and nitrite oxidation, respectively, while Methylophaga and Methylotenera were the predominant denitrifying bacteria in anoxic denitrification.
Effect of operating conditions on color and anions removal from textile industrial effluent using membrane distillation system
Authors:   , Kywe Pyae 
Published: September 2023

One of the main pollution from textile wastewater is the dyeing wastewater containing color and organic matters. To develop wastewater treatment systems and to reuse the water are still challenged because of the scarcity of water in the world. Among the treatment methods of textile wastewater, membrane distillation was used as the concept of this research. The focus points of the direct contact membrane distillation system are the membrane characteristics, operating parameters (temperature and flow rate) and treatment efficiency. The synthetic dye wastewater (reactive black-5 and reactive blue-19) and real textile effluent were used as the feed wastewater. In this research, SEM imaging, the contact angle, the zeta potential and the porosity of the membrane were taken to investigate the membrane characteristics and the fouling conditions. The contact angle (greater than 90 degrees) showed that the material still had the hydrophobic properties after treatment and the zeta potential showed also the anions property of the material.

In terms of operating parameters, the feed temperature and flow rate can significantly affect the permeate flux. The increased feed temperature (40 °C,50°C, and 60°C) can also increase the permeate flux up to about 4 times at 60°C, compared to that of 40°C. The increased cross-flow velocity can give the results of increased permeate flux (up to 80% and 50% at 0.15 m/s) more than 0.05 m/s. The flux of real wastewater is about 48% lesser than the synthetic wastewater under the same operating parameters. The color removal efficiency is in the range of 96% to 98%, although the feed color concentrations were changed. Another parameter analysis; pH, conductivity, anions, and TOC were also taken in this study. As with the collected results, the permeate water parameters are lower than the Industrial Effluent Standards B.E. 2560 by the Ministry of Industry. To use in the site and implement, the direct contact membrane distillation system should be considered with the renewable energy, the optimization of membrane preparations (spacers, fouling conditions and the novel membrane material) and the process conditions.
Ecological impacts of fishing gears in Ko Chang, Trat Province, Thailand
Authors:   , Suebpala Wichin 
Published: September 2023

Knowledge of ecological impacts of fishing, especially in small-scale sector, is not always readily available, making it difficult to employ an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management and to achieve sustainability. The topic of this dissertation was formulated with the aim to enhance this knowledge through conducting researches in Mu Ko Chang, Trat Province, the Eastern Gulf of Thailand. This study focuses on two main types of impacts, i.e. bycatch and habitat damages, consisting of three research modules: 1) assessing existing knowledge and analyzing the knowledge gap regarding bycatch and habitat impacts of fishing methods in Thai waters; 2) investigating fishing impacts in terms of bycatch and habitat damages, of some fishing gears in Ko Chang, Trat Province, and; 3) analyzing relative ecological impacts of fishing gears and to rank the levels of severity caused by different fishing gears. According to the literature review and gap analysis, a major gap of knowledge on the ecological impacts of fishing gears in Thailand was found, particularly the data on bycatch (retained and discarded) and habitat damages. The onboard surveys of bycatch for nine small-scale fishing gears in Ko Chang revealed that some of the gears, particularly trammel nets, crab traps, and gillnets, produced the higher number of bycatch in terms of biomass and species richness. A study on the impacts of fish traps on coral reefs revealed various possible impacts including physical damages on corals, impacts from sediment dispersion, ecosystem imbalance due to exploitation of reef fish, and marine debris. A comparative study on macrobenthic community between permanent and six-month closure areas exhibited the impacts of fishing activities (trawlers, push nets, and dredges) in terms of the reduction on macrobenthic abundance. An expert consultation workshop was also convened aiming to rate the impacts of fishing gears including large- and small-scale based on existing knowledge, surveyed data, and personal experience of the expert. It showed that otter-board trawls and pair-trawls were rated with the highest score of bycatch and habitat impacts. In terms of small-scale fishing gears, bycatch impacts caused by shrimp trammel nets and crab gill nets were mostly concerned. This dissertation enhances understandings of the ecological impacts of fishing gears on marine ecosystems in Thailand that are highly required for ecosystem-based fisheries management.
The Role of Cytokine Response Signatures in the Pathogenesis of Leptospirosis Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors:   , Srisawat Nattachai 
Published: September 2023

Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is one of the most serious complications of leptospirosis, an important zoonosis in the tropics. Host pathogen interaction is one of the potential key factor in development of leptospirosis associated AKI. In this multicenter study, we aimed to study the association of cytokines, leptospiral burden, and anti-leptospira antibody and AKI in leptospirosis. Method: In the first cohort, patients who presented with clinical suspiciousness of leptospirosis were prospectively enrolled in 9 centers from August 2012 to November 2014. In the second cohort, we prospectively recruited patients from 15 centers from February 2016 to July 2017. The first day of enrollment was the first day of clinical suspicious leptospirosis. Blood samples were serially collected on the first day and day 7 after enrollment. We used three standard techniques (microscopic agglutination test, direct culture, and PCR technique) to confirm the diagnosis of leptospirosis. KDIGO criteria were used for AKI diagnosis. Results: Of the 206 recruited cases, 113 cases were leptospirosis confirmed cases. Thirty seven percent developed AKI. Median MCP-1 and TNF-a on the first day in those developing AKI were significantly higher than in patients not developing AKI [309.3vs138.8 pg/mL, P = 0.003], and [492.3 vs 77.5 ng/ml, P = 0.003], respectively. MCP-1 and TNF-a levels associated with AKI had AUC-ROC of 0.67, and 0.67, respectively. Only low IL-6 showed strong association with AKI by a covariate-adjusted model. High leptospiral burden and high anti-leptospira antibody associated with severe AKI.Conclusion: From this multicenter study, MCP-1, TNF- a appears to be useful markers for detecting AKI in leptospirosis patients. In the adjusted model for severity, only low IL-6 is associated with AKI. Our data suggest that high leptospiremia and high anti-leptospira antibody correlate with the severity of AKI.
Development of value added unripe papaya flour from waste product of fruit industry
Authors:   , Joymak Waralee 
Published: September 2023

Papaya fruit (Carica papaya L.) belonging to Caricaceae family is recognized as a good source of dietary fiber and antioxidants. The objective of this study was to develop the unripe papaya flour (UPF) from waste fruit product. The study was also investigated physicochemical, functional properties of UPF and its addition of pancake. First, the small pieces of unripe papaya were heated by hot air oven, then ground by using a high-speed universal grinder and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve. The particle size of UPF was 140.8±2.1 µm with randomly irregular shape. The hydration properties of UPF was higher than wheat flour, whereas bulk density was not significant differences. Total polyphenol and ᵦ-carotene contents of UPF were 85.7±1.6 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dry weight and 39±3.3 µg/100 g dry weight, respectively. In addition, UPF had the ferric reducing antioxidant power (411.6±38 µmol FeSO4 per 100 g DW) and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (37.87±3.69 mg vitamin C equivalent per 100 g DW) higher than that of wheat flour. Moreover, UPF had the ability on bind bile acid and interfere the cholesterol micellization. Thereafter, the replacement of wheat flour with UPF into pancake (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) presented the darker shade of brown color on their surface. Hardness and cohesiveness of pancake were increased in a higher level of replacement. However, pancake with UPF (20%) could attenuate the glucose release under simulated digestion. Moreover, pancake with UPF had significantly lower predicted glycemic index when compared to the control pancake. Undigestible starch in pancake was also increased when the replacement of UPF was increased. Furthermore, pancake with UPF significantly increased total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. In sensory evaluation, the taste and aftertaste parameters were significantly decreased in pancake with 20% UPF. However, the overall acceptance showed no significant difference among all groups. The results suggest that the unripe papaya flour can be regarded as a good ingredient for natural antioxidants for development of healthy products.