bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum glucose/potassium ratio as a clinical risk factor for predicting the severity and prognosis of acute traumatic spinal cord injury
Authors: Zhou Wu , Liu Yihao , Wang Zhihua , Mao Zelu , Li Meihua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) can lead to poor prognosis, and clinical biomarkers have not been established to predict poor prognosis. This study aimed to determine the significance of serum glucose/potassium ratio (GPR) in evaluating TSCI severity and predicting prognosis.
Methods
An analysis of 520 clinical records of acute TSCI patients from January 2012 to June 2022 was conducted by the authors. The relationship between serum GPR and The American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade 6-month post-trauma prognosis in addition to admission AIS grade was analyzed. In order to evaluate the discriminatory ability, a receiver operating characteristic curve was used. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
Results
Based on the initial assessment of AIS grade, 256 (49.2%) patients were categorized into the severe TSCI group (AIS A-B), and there was a significant correlation between the severe TSCI group and serum GPR (p < 0.001). Serum GPR was reduced in an AIS grade-dependent manner (R=-0.540, p < 0.001). 262 (50.4%) patients were classified as poor prognosis according to the AIS grade at discharge. Serum GPR was also reduced in AIS grade in a discharge-dependent manner (R = -0.599, p < 0.001). It was significantly higher in the poor prognosis group compared to the good prognosis group (p < 0.001 ). Poor prognosis was significantly associated with sex(p = 0.009), severity of TSCI (p < 0.001), location of TSCI (p < 0.001), Surgical decompression(P < 0.018), body temperature (p < 0.001), heart rate (p < 0.001), systolic arterial pressure (SAP) (p < 0.001), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) (p < 0.001), serum GPR (p < 0.001), serum glucose (p < 0.001), serum potassium (p < 0.001) and white blood cell (WBC) count (p = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between poor prognosis and serum GPR (p = 0.023). The ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum GPR as a poor predictor of prognosis in TSCI patients was 0.842 (95% CI 0.808–0.875).
Conclusion
There was a significant relationship between serum GPR and admission injury severity and 6-month prognosis of acute TSCI patients. The serum GPR can be used to assess the severity of acute TSCI and predict the prognosis .
Moxibustion alleviates inflammation via SIRT5 post-translational modification and macrophage polarization
Authors: Zhang Cheng-shun , Zhang Han-xiao , Gou Chun-yan , Dai Xiao-qin , Lin Si-rui , Lei Hong , Tian Feng-wei , Wang Zhu-xing , Zuo Chuan-yi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background Macrophage polarization plays an essential role in the anti-inflammation process. Moxibustion, a traditional Chinese medicine therapy, has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect via enhancing α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and succinate levels. Succinate/α-KG ratio is a hallmark of M1 and M2 macrophage shift. Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1) is a vital enzyme for α-KG production and can be deacetylated by Sirtuin5 (SIRT5). Currently, the role of moxibustion in SIRT5-GLUD1-α-KG-related macrophage alteration in inflammatory diseases has not been discussed yet. Methods In this study, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced adjuvant arthritis models were established. On day 4 post-CFA, moxibustion and acupoint MC3482 injection were administered. Foot volume was measured before and after the model was established, and after the moxibustion and acupoint injection interventions. ELISA assays were then performed to quantify inflammatory factors, including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4, TGF-β, succinate, and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG). Flow cytometry (FCM) and immunofluorescence were used to test M1- and M2-like macrophage expressions in the right arthrodial cartilages of mice. Furthermore, western blotting and immunoprecipitation (IP) were used to detect SIRT5, GLUD1, and GLUD1 succinylation expressions. Results Moxibustion and SIRT5 desuccinylation inhibitor MC3482 decreased inflammation by increasing M2 macrophage and reducing M1 macrophage levels in CFA model. The potential mechanism may relate to the effects of moxibustion and SIRT5 inhibition, which could invert succinate and α-KG levels in the CFA group, which displayed low succinate, high α-KG and increased GLUD1 succinylation modification after treatment. Conclusion This study supports that moxibustion's anti-inflammation effects are related to the consequences of macrophage conversion after SIRT5 post-translational modification.
The effect of different power radiofrequency ablations in treatment and postoperative pain in patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective study
Authors: Jin Jianhao , Chen Yu , Zhu Li , Zhang Yuxia , Wei Changlin , Yang Qihang , Yao Liang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
There has been no consensus on what power of radiofrequency energy can be used to produce the best surgical results in patients with atrial fibrillation. In addition, patients undergoing local anesthesia and fentanyl analgesia may experience pain when radiofrequency ablation is performed. This study investigated the effect of different power radiofrequency ablations in treatment and postoperative pain in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Methods
A retrospective study was performed with 60 patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation between January and June 2023. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the power of the radiofrequency ablation catheter used, with 30 patients in the conventional power group (35W) and 30 patients in the high-power group (50W). The cardiac electrophysiological indexes and postoperative pain of the 2 groups were compared.
Results
Most of the surgical effect indicators between the 2 groups had no significant differences. However, the total discharge time during radiofrequency ablation and pulmonary vein isolation time in the high-power group were significantly shorter than those in the conventional power group (p < 0.001). Patients in the high-power group reported significantly less pain than those in the conventional power group in the immediate postoperative period and the late postoperative period (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
High-power radiofrequency ablation showed a shorter treatment time, and could reduce postoperative pain compared to conventional power ablation.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived apoptotic bodies alleviate alveolar bone destruction by regulating osteoclast differentiation and function
Authors: Liu Yi , Li Xiaoyan , Jiang Yiyang , Xu Liu , Fu Jingfei , Du Juan , Luo Zhenhua , Xu Junji , Bhawal Ujjal , Guo Lijia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Periodontitis is caused by an imbalance between bone formation and resorption that results in the loss of periodontal supporting tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential for the periodontal regeneration. However, the hypoxic periodontal microenvironment will induce the MSCs apoptosis. Apoptotic bodies (ABs) are the major product of apoptotic cells and are gaining increased attention as potential mediators for periodontitis treatment, thus we investigated the effects of ABs from MSCs on periodontitis. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were cultured under hypoxia for 72 h to simulate the periodontal hypoxic microenvironment, after which ABs were isolated using a multi-filtration system from the supernatant of BMMSCs. Transmission electron microscopy, diameter assessment and immunofluorescence were used to characterize ABs. We found that ABs inhibited osteoclast differentiation and alveolar bone resorption, miR-223-3p is highly enriched in ABs and critical for the therapeutic effects of ABs. Targetscan and luciferase activity results confirmed that ITGB1 was targeted by miR-223-3p, which interfered the function of osteoclasts. Additionally, DC-STAMP is one of the key regulators that mediates membrane infusion. ABs and pre-osteoclasts are highly expressed DC-STAMP on the membrane, which mediated the target engulf of ABs by pre-osteoclasts. ABs with knock-down of DC-STAMP (KO-ABs) failed to be engulfed by pre-osteoclasts. Collectively, BMMSC-derived ABs can be targeted engulfed by pre-osteoclast via DC-STAMP, rescued alveolar bone loss by transferring miR-223-3p to osteoclasts, which led to the attenuation of their differentiation and bone resorption. These results suggest that MSCs derived ABs are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of periodontitis.
Research on the calibration algorithm of the GTAW weld pool analytical model designed for time-varying welding speed situation
Authors: Wu Shaojie , Qu Huangyi , Cheng Fangjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The weld pool analytical solution is an ideal method to visualize the thermal behavior of the welding process, to clarify the physical relationship between the welding process parameters and the shape of the weld pool and to quickly calculate the penetration. In previous work, the weld pool analytical model designed for time-varying welding speed situation was derived. The experimental results show that the maximum error of the calculated penetration is 18.91%. In order to improve the computational accuracy of the analytical model, this paper proposes a calibration method based on the in-situ reconstructed weld pool surface. Firstly, the RES-BiSeNet model based on convolutional neural network is built to extract the features of the weld pool surface. Then, the calibration parameters are obtained to calibrate the weld pool analytical model. The accuracy of the calibrated analytical model was verified through the welding experiments. The results show that the maximum calibrated penetration error is reduced to 9.7%. Finally, the influence of the heat source parameters on analytical model is discussed.
Vapour Permeability Index of Silver Nanoparticle -Modified Termite Mould Clay
Authors: Oriola Kazeem , Asafa Teslim , OLAIFA Oladayo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

One of the challenges of food security is attributed to high postharvest storage losses of grains. These losses can be minimized by using Termite Mound Clay (TMC) which has long been established as an adequate material for silo construction. This study therefore, focused on the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to modify clay microstructure and consequently inhibit water vapour permeability. The TMC-AgNPs composite films were prepared using a solution casting method based on the grey-Taguchi experimental design and optimization. Experiments were designed at three different levels using an orthogonal array with TMC (4, 8, and 12 g), AgNP (10, 15, and 25 ml), Glycerol (1.6, 2.2, and 2.8 ml), and Distilled water (150, 250, and 350 ml) as input parameters. Samples were casted on an already fabricated leveled film mold and allowed to dry at room temperature (23 ± 2°C) for 2 days. The samples were tested for Compressive Strength (CS), Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR), and Water Vapour Permeability (WVP) using gravimetric techniques following ASTM E90–80. The thickness, CS, WVTR, and WVP have ranges of 2.38–2.70 mm, 9.35–14.80 MPa, 33.86-105.91 g/h.m, and 2.52–7.73 g.mm/h.m2kPa, respectively. The optimization study showed that the thickness increased from 2.43 to 2.70, WVTR decreased from 29.59 to 29.32 (g/h.m2) compressive strength increased from 12.10 to 12.37 MPa while water vapour permeability reduced from 2.52 to 2.25 g.mm.h.m2 kPa. The developed AgNP-Modified TMC l had minimal water vapour permeability and higher compressive strength making it suitable for silo construction.
Revisiting the Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Response to Global Warming
Authors: Li Qiuxian , Luo Yiyong , Lu Jian , Liu Fukai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The relative roles of the oceanic and atmospheric processes in the pattern formation of the equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) response to global warming is investigated using a set of climate model experiments embedded with a novel partial coupling technique. The modeling results show that the SST response experiences a transition from a La Niña-like warming pattern at the initial stage to an El Niño-like warming pattern at the quasi-equilibrium stage. By decomposing anomalous equatorial Pacific SST into atmosphere-forced passive component and ocean dynamically induced active component, it is found that the SST warming pattern at both stages is entirely induced by its active component. Specifically, the meridional and vertical ocean circulation changes play a dominant role in forming the La Niña-like SST warming pattern at the initial stage, and the zonal and meridional ocean circulation changes are responsible for the formation of the El Niño-like SST warming pattern at the quasi-equilibrium stage. In contrast, the passive SST at both stages is characterized by a zonally uniform warming along the equator, which can be explained by a balance between the total effect of the heat transport divergence associated with the mean ocean circulation and the effect of the passive surface heat flux change. In addition, this study finds that it is the slowdown of the Pacific subtropical cells during the transition period that controls the evolution of the equatorial SST warming pattern by changing the meridional and vertical ocean heat transports.
Tactile-GAT: Tactile Graph Attention Networks for Robot Tactile Perception Classification
Authors: Chen Lun , Zhu Yingzhao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As one of the most important senses in human beings, touch can also help robots better perceive and adapt to complex environmental information, improving their autonomous decision-making and execution capabilities. Compared to other perception methods, tactile perception needs to handle multi-channel tactile signals simultaneously, such as pressure, bending, temperature, and humidity. However, directly transferring deep learning algorithms that work well on temporal signals to tactile signal tasks does not make good use of the physical spatial connectivity information of tactile sensors. In this paper, we propose a tactile perception framework based on graph attention networks, which incorporates explicit and latent relation graphs. This framework can effectively utilize the structural information between different tactile signal channels. We constructed a tactile glove and collected a dataset of pressure and bending tactile signals during grasping and holding objects. And our method achieved 89.58% accuracy in object tactile signal classification with a small parameter size of 0.11M. Compared to existing time-series signal classification algorithms, our graph-based tactile perception algorithm can utilize and learn sensor spatial information, making it more suitable for processing multi-channel tactile data. Our method can serve as a general strategy to improve robot's tactile perception capabilities.
Elucidation of dissimilar material joining phenomena on steel and aluminum alloy using hot-wire laser brazing
Authors: Ito Tamaki , Tomita Kai , Taniguchi Koichi , Igi Satoshi , Yamamoto Motomichi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

When steels and aluminum alloys are joined by normal welding, brittle intermetallic compounds (IMC) are generated at the interface, which causes a decrease in joint strength. Dissimilar steel/aluminum alloy joints formed via hot-wire laser brazing can stably suppress IMCs, as elucidated by visualization during brazing and cross-sectional imaging of fabricated joints. In addition, the effects of various coatings on steel plates were investigated by comparing joint cross-sections and interfaces. Zn (galvanized, galvannealed) layers, flux, and a molten pool prevented direct laser-beam irradiation of the steel surfaces. A high brazing speed could enable a high cooling rate, creating a very low peak temperature of the steel and suppressing IMC formation. The galvanized Zn coating also prevented direct contact of the aluminum alloy with the steel surface. Thus, the galvanized steel suppressed IMC formation more than non-coated steel. Because a Fe-Zn alloy coating layer was a source of Fe for IMC formation, a thicker IMC was generated on galvannealed steel.
Chemical Constituents from the Medicinal Herb-derived Fungus Chaetomium globosum Km1226
Authors: Chang Chia-Hao , Hsiao George , Wang Shih-Wei , Yen Juei-Yu , Huang Shu-Jung , Chi Wei-Chiung , Lee Tzong-Huei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Endophytic fungi have proven to be a rich source of novel natural products with a wide-array of biological activities and higher levels of structural diversity.
Results
Chemical investigation on the liquid- and solid-state fermented products of Chaetomium globosum Km1226 isolated from the littoral medicinal herb Atriplex maximowicziana Makino resulted in the isolation of compounds 1–14. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis as three previously undescribed C13-polyketides, namely aureonitol C (1), mollipilins G (2), and H (3), along with eleven known compounds 4–14. Among these, mollipilin A (5) exhibited significant nitric oxide production inhibitory activity in LPS-induced BV-2 microglial cells with an IC50 value of 0.7 ± 0.1 µM, and chaetoglobosin D (10) displayed potent anti-angiogenesis property in human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) with an IC50 value of 0.8 ± 0.3 µM.
Conclusions
Three previously unreported compounds 1–3 were isolated and identified. Mollipilin A (5) and chaetoglobosin D (10) could possibly be developed as anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic lead drugs, respectively.
Mirvetuximab Soravtansine in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rehim Shamsnur , Yuan Shuang , Wang Hongjing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Mirvetuximab Soravtansine (MIRV) is a promising antibody‒drug conjugate (ADC) that targets folate receptor alpha (FRα), which is overexpressed in several types of solid tumors. In November 2022, MIRV was approved in the USA for the treatment of adult patients with FRα-positive, platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer who received 1–3 prior systemic treatment regimens. Therefore, high-quality evidence for its efficacy and safety in different cancers is urgently needed.
Methods
A systematic search (e.g., PubMed, Embase, Web Of Science, Cochrane Library) was conducted to identify all relevant clinical trials of MIRV alone or in combination with chemo- and/or target-therapies in solid tumors. The primary end-point was median progression-free survival (mPFS). The secondary endpoints were the overall response rate (ORR) and adverse effects (AEs). A random-effects model was applied.
Results
The study included nine research studies with a total of 682 patients. The pooled mPFS and pooled ORR were 4.70 months (95% CI 4.35–5.05, I2 = 87.40%) and 31% (95% CI: 27–34%, I2 = 76.90%), respectively. Significant differences were observed among intervention regimens and response to platinum. The pooled mPFS of MIRV monotherapy and MIRV + BEV combined therapy was 4.28 (95% CI 3.90–4.65, I2 = 0.00%) and 7.78 (95% CI 6.62–8.95, I2 = 0.00%), respectively. The pooled ORRs of MIRV monotherapy and MIRV + BEV combined therapy were 25% (95% CI 21–29%, I2 = 25.20%) and 43% (95% CI 36–50%, I2 = 0.01%), respectively. The pooled ORRs of the platinum-sensitive, platinum-resistant, and not-known groups were 57% (95% CI 44–71%, I2 = 61.90%), 29% (95% CI 26–33%, I2 = 74.60%), and 27% (95% CI 14–40%, I2 = 10.01%), respectively. The most common adverse effects were blurred vision (45.20%), nausea (40.13%), diarrhea (39.52%), fatigue (33.84%) and keratopathy (31.20%).
Conclusions
MIRV has significant therapeutic effects in solid tumors, especially when combined with BEV. In platinum-tolerant tumors, the efficacy of MIRV is also considerable. Overall, MIRV is relatively safe in solid tumors, and adverse reactions are relatively rare and mild.
NRF2 deficiency promotes ferroptosis of astrocytes mediated by oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Tang Zhi , Chen Zhuyi , Guo Min , Peng Yaqian , Xiao Yan , Guan Zhizhong , Ni Ruiqing , Qi Xiaolan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and neurotoxicity. Emerging evidence suggests a role of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), a major source of antioxidant response elements in AD. The molecular mechanism of oxidative stress and ferroptosis in astrocytes in AD is not yet fully understood. Here, we aim to investigate the mechanism by which Nrf2 regulates the ferroptosis of astrocytes in AD. We found decreased expression of Nrf2 and upregulated expression of the ROS marker NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the frontal cortex from patients with AD and in the cortex of 3×Tg mice compared to control mice. We demonstrated that Nrf2 deficiency led to ferroptosis-dependent oxidative stress-induced ROS with downregulated heme oxygenase-1 and glutathione peroxidase 4 and upregulated cystine glutamate expression. Moreover, Nrf2 deficiency increased lipid peroxidation, DNA oxidation, and mitochondrial fragmentation in mouse astrocytes. In conclusion, these results suggest that Nrf2 deficiency promotes ferroptosis of astrocytes involving oxidative stress in AD.
Exploring the Pore System of Carbonate Rocks through a Multi- Analytical Approach
Authors: Salvini Silvia , Coletti Chiara , Maritan Lara , Massironi Matteo , Balsamo Fabrizio , Mazzoli Claudio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The presence and distribution of pores in natural stones affect their durability and aesthetic value, especially when exposed to weathering agents like salt crystallization and freeze-thaw cycles. In this study, a multi-analytical approach was used to analyse the pore structure of twelve carbonate rocks, including different types of limestone and the Carrara marble. Mercury intrusion porosimetry, digital imaging analysis on backscattered electron images taken at the scanning electron microscope, and micro-computed tomography were used to overcome the limitations of each technique and create a more accurate reconstruction of the pore structure. This approach can aid in predicting the deterioration processes stones in heritage structures.
A guided reinforcement learning approach using shared control templates for learning manipulation skills in the real world
Authors: Padalkar Abhishek , Quere Gabriel , Raffin Antonin , Silvério João , Stulp Freek 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The requirement for a high number of trials has been a major limiting factor for the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in robotics. Learning skills directly on real robots requires time, causes wear and tear and can lead to damage to the robot and environment due to unsafe exploratory actions. The success of learning skills in simulation and transferring them to real robots has also been limited by the gap between reality and simulation. This is particularly problematic for tasks involving contact with the environment as contact dynamics are hard to model and simulate. In this paper we propose a framework which leverages a shared control framework for modeling known constraints defined by object interactions and task geometry to reduce the state and action spaces and hence the overall dimensionality of the reinforcement learning problem. The unknown task knowledge and actions are learned by a reinforcement learning agent by conducting exploration in the constrained environment. Using a pouring task and grid-clamp placement task (similar to peg-in-hole) as use cases and a 7-DoF arm, we show that our approach can be used to learn directly on the real robot. The pouring task is learned in only 65 episodes (~16 minutes) and the grid-clamp placement task is learned in 75 episodes (~17 minutes) with strong safety guarantees and simple reward functions, greatly alleviating the need for simulation.