bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of prediction of compressive strength of ultra‐high performance concrete using soft computing technique
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Rai Baboo , Samui Pijush 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConcrete which is the most commercialized construction material and thus it plays a key role in this era of development and hence its evolution is of utmost importance and therefore the evolution of the quality of concrete to that of its highly evolved type namely, ultra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) is undeniably the boon to this sector. Though, the correlations between the technical characteristics of UHPC and the composition of its mixture are complicated, nonlinear, and complex to characterize using standard statistical techniques. This paper is intended to use both deep neural network and ensemble machine learning algorithms namely gradient boosting, extreme gradient boosting, random forest regressor, extra tree regressor, and voting regressor trained with an 810 UHPC mixture collections with 15 input variables to predict its compressive strength. After adjusting a regression model, the prediction efficiency and generalization ability of the developed models are validated using a number of performance parameters. It was established that all employed models performed better at forecasting result, the extra tree regressor was the most accurate followed by extreme gradient boosting.
Warranty in the Coutumes d’Anjou et Maine
Authors: McHaffie M. W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of how warranty is treated in the 1246 vernacular lawbook, the Coutumes d’Anjou et Maine, which was later incorporated into the 1272/3 Établissement de Saint Louis. The methodology examines usage of the vernacular terms guarant and guarantir within the coutumiers. The main argument of this chapter is that usage of warranty language in the coutumiers is difficult to associate with either of the main narratives historians have used to explain warranty’s development. The most detailed provisions on warranty concern the procedural aspects of summoning a warrantor when accused of the theft of movables. Numerous provisions in the coutumiers also associate warranty with the protection of others from whatever claims for services a lord might make.
Warranty in the Charters
Authors: McHaffie M. W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter offers an overview of how warranty clauses appear in charters. It draws on Dominique Barthélemy’s influential model to outline the major documentary changes of the period covered in the study, the first occurring around the mid-eleventh century and the second in the early decades of the thirteenth. It discusses the language of warranty obligations throughout this period, and some of the ways it changed. It also considers the influence of Roman law upon the composition of thirteenth-century warranty clauses. Overall, it suggests that the influence of Roman law was minimal.
Giving Warranty: Acts and Actors
Authors: McHaffie M. W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter address questions of what was involved in the actual giving of warranty, and who typically made warranty commitments. It starts from the observation that warranty clauses in charters record verbal agreements and promises, and then looks at the various performative acts that accompanied warranty. It argues that these performative acts represent a significant line of continuity from the 1040s into the 1270s, thereby challenging conventional ideas that view warranty as a thirteenth-century phenomenon. The chapter then looks at the types of people who warranted. It demonstrates that warranty was often given by a range of people, including the family members and lord(s) of an alienor. It also discusses when warrantors also sometimes supplied named personal sureties (i.e. people who would share in liabilities). From this I conclude that it is difficult to associate warranty with the development of individual alienatory powers, since warranty was so seldom an individual affair.
Conclusions
Authors: McHaffie M. W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe conclusions summarise the main findings of the study, noting that warranty can be understood as a relatively simple set of commitments that an alienor incurred towards an alienee as a result of property transfer: namely to protect the transferee and to provide redress if that protection failed. I further suggest that the history of warranty in western France during the central Middle Ages be viewed as a process of ever-closer orientation towards lordship. The main conclusion is that by the thirteenth century, based on the lines of continuity identified in the charters and the coutumiers, the conceptual and institutional structures of lordship provided the basic framework through which contemporaries thought about warranty.
DNA methylation changes and increased mRNA expression of coagulation proteins, factor V and thrombomodulin in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy
Authors: Westin Ida Maria , Landfors Mattias , Giannopoulos Antonios , Viberg Andreas , Osterman Pia , Byström Berit , Degerman Sofie , Golovleva Irina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Late-onset Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a disease affecting the corneal endothelium (CE), associated with a cytosine-thymine-guanine repeat expansion at the CTG18.1 locus in the transcription factor 4 (TCF4) gene. It is unknown whether CTG18.1 expansions affect global methylation including TCF4 gene in CE or whether global CE methylation changes at advanced age. Using genome-wide DNA methylation array, we investigated methylation in CE from FECD patients with CTG18.1 expansions and studied the methylation in healthy CE at different ages. The most revealing DNA methylation findings were analyzed by gene expression and protein analysis. 3488 CpGs had significantly altered methylation pattern in FECD though no substantial changes were found in TCF4. The most hypermethylated site was in a predicted promoter of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) gene, and the most hypomethylated site was in a predicted promoter of coagulation factor V (F5 for gene, FV for protein). In FECD, AQP1 mRNA expression was variable, while F5 gene expression showed a ~ 23-fold increase. FV protein was present in both healthy and affected CE. Further gene expression analysis of coagulation factors interacting with FV revealed a ~ 34-fold increase of thrombomodulin (THBD). THBD protein was detected only in CE from FECD patients. Additionally, we observed an age-dependent hypomethylation in elderly healthy CE.Thus, tissue-specific genome-wide and gene-specific methylation changes associated with altered gene expression were discovered in FECD. TCF4 pathological methylation in FECD because of CTG18.1 expansion was ruled out.
Does learning matter? Birdsong-learning program determines coping strategies for living in urban noisy environments
Authors: Rivera-Gutierrez Hector F. , Jaramillo-Calle Vannesa , Lopera-Salazar Andrea , Martinez-Alvarado Dariel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Urban noise limits perception by masking acoustic signals, with negative consequences for communication. Although animals relying on acoustic communication are affected, they have developed different strategies to reduce the masking effect of urban noise. Theoretically, birdsong vocal learning confers behavioral plasticity, which may be important for adapting to life in urban environments. To understand the role of vocal learning for adjusting to noisy places, we performed a field study combined with a phylogenetic comparative analysis, comparing passerine species that typically exhibit song learning (oscines) and those that do not (suboscines). Under the premise that vocal learning confers behavioral plasticity, we hypothesized that (1) while oscine species would vary song traits (acoustic parameters), under noisy conditions, suboscines would remain consistent; (2) suboscines may vary birdsong activity in relation to noise; and (3) song learning functions as an exaptation for inhabiting noisy urban environments. We found that oscines only shifted the minimum frequency of their song and did not vary song activity in noisy areas. In contrast, suboscines shifted their complete song upwards and decreased song activity in cities. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated that foraging stratum and song frequency, not learning, best explain adaptation to cities in an evolutionary context. If city noise functions as an ecological filter, frequency traits may serve as an exaptation for colonizing noisy environments. We provided clear evidence that passerine species, depending on their song-learning ability, use different strategies to cope with noise, suggesting that vocal learning determines how birds cope with the masking effect of urban noise.

Significance statement
Since birdsong learning may confer behavioral flexibility, we studied its role for adapting to urban noisy environments. We studied passerines that vary in vocal learning ability combining field data with a phylogenetic comparative analysis. Our methodology may provide information on both the response and the evolutionary advantages of vocal learning for living in noisy urban environments. Although both learner and non-learner birds varied their responses, they displayed different strategies for coping with urban noise. Moreover, differences in vocal learning might not limit colonization of noisy environments, and ecological and acoustic traits may explain adaptation to urbanization. Frequency parameters are conserved evolutionary traits among birds living in cities and may function as a preadaptation that facilitates the colonization of urban environments. Our study suggests that the birdsong-learning program does not help birds colonize cities but determines how they cope with the masking effect of urban noise.
The survival time of the ventriculo-peritoneal-shunt in children with hydrocephalus is dependent on the type of valve implanted
Authors: Wendling-Keim Danielle S. , Kren Elena , Muensterer Oliver , Lehner Markus 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Despite constantly improving developments in ventriculo-peritoneal shunt systems, most patients with hydrocephalus require revision or replacement at some point of time. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse parameters that are associated with shunt dysfunction.

Methods
In this retrospective study, we included 81 patients aged 0–17 who were treated at our institution. Demographic data, etiology of the hydrocephalus, type of valve implanted, reason for any revision procedures, any complications and survival time of the ventriculo-peritoneal shunts were detected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.

Results
Over a mean study period of 18 years, we analyzed 226 valves subjected to 146 revision operations in 81 patients. The etiology of the hydrocephalus (p = 0.874) and the age of the child at the time of VP shunt implantation (p = 0.308) did not have any impact on the shunt survival time. However, the type of the valve significantly changed the survival time of the shunt (p = 0.030). Pressure differential valves presented a longer survival time than gravitational valves.

Conclusion
The majority of patients in this study needed at least one replacement of the initial shunt system. Pressure differential valves may be beneficial for the survival time of the shunt system.
Cytokine alterations in CSF and serum samples of patients with a first episode of schizophrenia: results and methodological considerations
Authors: Singh Deepti , Guest Paul C. , Dobrowolny Henrik , Fischbach Tino , Meyer-Lotz Gabriela , Breitling-Ziegler Carolin , Haghikia Aiden , Vielhaber Stefan , Steiner Johann 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe determined cytokine levels in paired serum/CSF samples from first-episode schizophrenia (FES) participants (n = 20) and controls (n = 21) using a 13-plex immunoassay. Applying strictly-determined detection limits, 12 cytokines were found in serum and two in CSF. Higher serum MCP-1 levels (p = 0.007) were present in FES versus controls, which correlated with serum IgG (R = − 0.750; p = 0.013). Finally, IL-18 levels correlated with body weight in FES (R = 0.691; p = 0.041). This study demonstrates potential limitations in the sensitivity of multiplex cytokine assays for CSF studies in mental disorders and suggests that some published studies in this area should be re-evaluated.
Phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2) variants leading to hyperinsulinism-polycystic kidney disease are associated with early-onset inflammatory bowel disease and gastric antral foveolar hyperplasia
Authors: Kiparissi Fevronia , Dastamani Antonia , Palm Liina , Azabdaftari Aline , Campos Luis , Gaynor Edward , Grünewald Stephanie , Uhlig Holm H. , Kleta Robert , Böckenhauer Detlef , Jones Kelsey D. J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2) deficiency causes Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation (PMM2-CDG), but does not have a recognised association with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). A distinct clinical syndrome of hyperinsulinism and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (HIPKD) arises in the context of a specific variant in the PMM2 promotor, either in homozygosity, or compound heterozygous with a deleterious PMM2 variant. Here, we describe the development of IBD in three patients with PMM2-HIPKD, with onset of IBD at 0, 6, and 10 years of age. In each case, intestinal inflammation coincided with the unusual finding of gastric antral foveolar hyperplasia. IBD disease was of variable severity at onset but well controlled with conventional and first-line biologic treatment approaches. The organ-level pattern of disease manifestations in PMM2-HIPKD-IBD may reflect a loss of cis-acting regulatory control by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A). Analysis of published transcriptomic data suggests that IBD most likely arises due to an impact on epithelial cellular function. We identify a specific pattern of variation in PMM2 as a novel association of early-onset IBD with distinctive gastric pathology.
Phenome-wide genetic-correlation analysis and genetically informed causal inference of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: D’Antona Salvatore , Pathak Gita A. , Koller Dora , Porro Danilo , Cava Claudia , Polimanti Renato 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLeveraging genome-wide association statistics generated from a large study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; 29,612 cases and 122,656 controls) and UK Biobank (UKB; 4,024 phenotypes, up to 361,194 participants), we conducted a phenome-wide analysis of ALS genetic liability and identified 46 genetically correlated traits, such as fluid intelligence score (rg = − 0.21, p = 1.74 × 10–6), "spending time in pub or social club” (rg = 0.24, p = 2.77 × 10–6), non-work related walking (rg = − 0.25, p = 1.95 × 10–6), college education (rg = − 0.15, p = 7.08 × 10–5), “ever diagnosed with panic attacks (rg = 0.39, p = 4.24 × 10–5), and “self-reported other gastritis including duodenitis” (rg = 0.28, p = 1.4 × 10–3). To assess the putative directionality of these genetic correlations, we conducted a latent causal variable analysis, identifying significant genetic causality proportions (gĉp) linking ALS genetic liability to seven traits. While the genetic component of “self-reported other gastritis including duodenitis" showed a causal effect on ALS (gĉp = 0.50, p = 1.26 × 10–29), the genetic liability to ALS is potentially causal for multiple traits, also including an effect on "ever being diagnosed with panic attacks” (gĉp = 0.79, p = 5.011 × 10–15) and inverse effects on “other leisure/social group activities” (gĉp = 0.66, p = 1 × 10–4) and prospective memory result (gĉp = 0.35, p = 0.005). Our subsequent Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that some of these associations may be due to bidirectional effects. In conclusion, this phenome-wide investigation of ALS polygenic architecture highlights the widespread pleiotropy linking this disorder with several health domains.
The blowfly Chrysomya latifrons inhabits fragmented rainforests, but shows no population structure
Authors: Butterworth Nathan J. , Wallman James F. , Johnston Nikolas P. , Dawson Blake M. , Sharp-Heward Joshua , McGaughran Angela 
Published: February 2023

AbstractClimate change and deforestation are causing rainforests to become increasingly fragmented, placing them at heightened risk of biodiversity loss. Invertebrates constitute the greatest proportion of this biodiversity, yet we lack basic knowledge of their population structure and ecology. There is a compelling need to develop our understanding of the population dynamics of a wide range of rainforest invertebrates so that we can begin to understand how rainforest fragments are connected, and how they will cope with future habitat fragmentation and climate change. Blowflies are an ideal candidate for such research because they are widespread, abundant, and can be easily collected within rainforests. We genotyped 188 blowflies (Chrysomya latifrons) from 15 isolated rainforests and found high levels of gene flow, a lack of genetic structure between rainforests, and low genetic diversity – suggesting the presence of a single large genetically depauperate population. This highlights that: (1) the blowfly Ch. latifrons inhabits a ~ 1000 km stretch of Australian rainforests, where it plays an important role as a nutrient recycler; (2) strongly dispersing flies can migrate between and connect isolated rainforests, likely carrying pollen, parasites, phoronts, and pathogens along with them; and (3) widely dispersing and abundant insects can nevertheless be genetically depauperate. There is an urgent need to better understand the relationships between habitat fragmentation, genetic diversity, and adaptive potential–especially for poorly dispersing rainforest-restricted insects, as many of these may be particularly fragmented and at highest risk of local extinction.
An education resource for human papillomavirus oropharyngeal cancer patients: think-aloud interviews
Authors: Sharman Ashleigh R. , Ferguson Eliza M. , Dhillon Haryana M. , Macleod Paula , McCrossin Julie , Sundaresan Puma , Clark Jonathan R. , Smith Megan A. , Dodd Rachael H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The human papillomavirus (HPV) is well recognised as a factor in developing oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). A booklet for HPV-OPC patients aimed to deliver evidence-based messages in everyday language, in a way to minimise negative psychological impacts on patients. Our study explored the suitability of the booklet for use.

Methods
Participants were recruited through social media and interviewed via Zoom. Participants were shown the booklet and a think-aloud method elicited real-time reactions to the content. Responses were analysed for each section and coded as either for or against for content, with other responses thematically analysed using NVivo.

Results
The sample comprised 24 participants: patients (n = 19) who completed treatment for HPV-OPC and partners of survivors of HPV-OPC (n = 5). All participants found the booklet useful, and most wished the resource had been available previously. Some indicated the information was new to them. The majority agreed the booklet would be best delivered by their specialist at point of diagnosis and would be a useful resource for friends and family. Most participants gave feedback on improvements to the booklet in terms of comprehension and design. Overall, participants found the content easy to understand. Most participants found that it helped to reduce shame and stigma associated with HPV as a sexually transmitted infection.

Conclusion
An evidence-based booklet for HPV-OPC patients and their partners is acceptable. Implementation may be feasible in routine clinical practice, specifically at time of diagnosis. Adapting the content will help optimise the efficacy of the booklet in facilitating communication between all stakeholders.
TWIST1 is a prognostic factor for neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with resectable pancreatic cancer: a preliminary study
Authors: Fujiwara Sho , Saiki Yuriko , Fukushige Shinichi , Yamanaka Mie , Ishida Masaharu , Motoi Fuyuhiko , Unno Michiaki , Horii Akira 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecent advances in the development of chemotherapies have helped improve the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, predicting factors for the outcomes of chemotherapies (either gemcitabine or S-1) have not yet been established. We analyzed the expression of 4 major epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-inducing transcription factors in 38 PDAC patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy after radical resection to examine the association with patients’ prognoses. The TWIST1-positive group showed a significantly poorer prognosis than the TWIST1-negative group for both the relapse‐free survival (median survival time [MST] of 8.9 vs. 18.5 months,P = 0.016) and the overall survival (MST of 15.2 vs. 33.4 months,P = 0.023). A multivariate analysis revealed that TWIST1 positivity was an independent prognostic factor for a poor response to adjuvant chemotherapies (hazard ratio 2.61; 95% confidence interval 1.10–6.79;P = 0.029). These results suggest that TWIST1 can be utilized as an important poor prognostic factor for radically resected PDAC patients with adjuvant chemotherapy, potentially including neoadjuvant therapy using these agents.
Investigating the factorial structure and measurement invariance of the parent-reported strengths and difficulties questionnaire at 11 years of age from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Bridger Staatz Charis , Kelly Yvonne , Lacey Rebecca E. , Hardy Rebecca 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) consist of five sub-scales that have been used to measure internalising and externalising symptoms in children, typically by combining sum scores of two sub-scales each, and pro-social behaviours. However, the different possible factorial structures that represent these symptoms have not been formally tested in a nationally representative sample of UK children. In addition, it is necessary to assess whether the SDQ is interpreted similarly across subgroups of the population. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test three competing structures for the parent-reported SDQ collected at age 11, the start of adolescence, in the UK Millennium Cohort Study (n = 11,519), and measurement invariance was assessed according to sex and a measure of deprivation of the area in which households lived. Internal consistency using ordinal alpha, internal convergent validity and external discriminant validity using average variance explained (AVE), and predictive validity were assessed. A five-factor model and a model with two second-order factors for internalising and externalising symptoms had better model fit than a three-factor model. For both structures, invariance was demonstrated across sex and area-level deprivation. AVE scores for the five-factor model indicated that peer and emotional problems factors were measuring a similar construct, as were the hyperactivity and conduct factors. In the second-order model, AVE scores indicated internalising and externalising symptoms were distinct constructs. A second-order model with two factors for internalising and externalising symptoms is appropriate for use in a cohort of UK children born in 2001/02, and our finding of invariance across sex and area-level deprivation indicate that the SDQ can be used in analysis investigating differences in symptoms across subgroups of the population.