bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Vlasov Equation to Degenerate Nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard Equation
Authors: Elbar Charles , Mason Marco , Perthame Benoît , Skrzeczkowski Jakub 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe provide a rigorous mathematical framework to establish the hydrodynamic limit of the Vlasov model introduced in Takata and Noguchi (J. Stat. Phys. 172:880-903, 2018) by Noguchi and Takata in order to describe phase transition of fluids by kinetic equations. We prove that, when the scale parameter tends to 0, this model converges to a nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard equation with degenerate mobility. For our analysis, we introduce apropriate forms of the short and long range potentials which allow us to derive Helmhotlz free energy estimates. Several compactness properties follow from the energy, the energy dissipation and kinetic averaging lemmas. In particular we prove a new weak compactness bound on the flux.
Sudden Cardiac Arrest During a Sedated Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study in a Nonsyndromic Child with Evolving Supravalvar Aortic Stenosis Due to Familial ELN Mutation
Authors: Markush Dor , Sanchez-Lara Pedro A. , Grand Katheryn , Wong Robert , Garg Ruchira 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSupravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) is a less common but clinically important form of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and commonly associated with Williams syndrome (WS). SVAS outside of WS may also occur sporadically or in a familial form, often with identifiable mutations in the elastin (ELN) gene. While risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with SVAS has been extensively described in the context of WS, less is known about risk in patients with isolated SVAS. We report a case of a nonsyndromic two-year-old boy with evolving manifestations of SVAS who developed sudden cardiac arrest and death during a sedated cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study. A strong family history of SVAS was present and targeted genetic testing identified an ELN gene mutation in the boy’s affected father and other paternal relatives. We review risk factors found in the literature for SCA in SVAS patients and utilize this case to raise awareness of the risk of cardiac events in these individuals even in the absence of WS or severe disease. This case also underscores the importance of genetic testing, including targeted panels specifically looking for ELN gene mutations, in all patients with SVAS even in the absence of phenotypic concerns for WS or other genetic syndromes.
Multidimensional Quality of Life After Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Martins Russell Seth , Fatimi Asad Saulat , Mahmud Omar , Jahangir Arshia , Mahar Muhammad Umar , Aamir Syed Roohan , Khan Maria , Ahmad Ali 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionMaximizing patients’ quality of life (QoL) is a central goal in surgical oncology. Currently, both laparoscopic and robotic surgery are viable options in rectal cancer (RC) resections. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the differences in postoperative QoL between the two operative modalities.
MethodologyThis review was conducted in adherence to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases were searched for articles comparing QoL in patients undergoing laparoscopic versus robotic surgery for RC. Seven studies were included (two randomized controlled trials, four prospective cohorts, and one retrospective cohort) out of which six reported data suitable for meta‐analysis. Global QoL and QoL subdomains, such as physical and social functioning, were meta‐analyzed using a random‐effects model. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS‐I and Cochrane RoB‐2 tools.
ResultsData on 869 patients (440 laparoscopic and 429 robotic surgery) across six studies were meta‐analyzed. There was no significant difference in global QoL (Mean Difference:−0.43 [95% Confidence Interval:−3.49–2.62]). Physical functioning was superior after robotic surgery (1.92 [0.97–2.87]). However, nausea/vomiting, pain, and fatigue did not differ between groups. Perception of body image was worse after laparoscopic surgery (−5.06 [−9.05– −1.07]). Other psychosocial subdomains (emotional, cognitive, role, and social functioning) were comparable between groups.ConclusionLaparoscopic and robotic surgery for RC have comparable QoL overall, for both physical and psychological dimensions. Our results may assist the management‐related decision‐making in surgical treatment of RC.
A free boundary problem-in time-for the spread of Covid-19
Authors: Luckhaus Stephan , Stevens Angela 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we deal with two aspects of the Covid epidemic. The first is a phase change during the epidemic. The empirical observation is that once a certain threshold of active infections is reached, the rate of infection is increasing significantly. This threshold depends, among others, also on the season. We model this phenomenon as a jump in the coefficient of the virus exposition, giving the force of infection. In a chemical mass action law this coefficient corresponds to the reaction rate. We get a free boundary problem in time, which exhibits deterministic ‘metastability’. In a population which is in a state of herd immunity, still, if the number of imported infections is large enough, an epidemic wave can start. The second aspect is the two scale nature of the infection network. On one hand side, there is always a finite number of reoccuring–deterministic–contacts, and on the other hand there is a large number of possible random contacts. We present a simple example, where the group size of deterministic contacts is two, and the graph of random contacts is complete.
1.5-T MR relaxometry in quantifying splenic and pancreatic iron: retrospective comparison of a commercial 3D-Dixon sequence and an established 2D multi-gradient echo sequence
Authors: Plaikner Michaela , Lanser Lukas , Kremser Christian , Weiss Günter , Henninger Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the quantitative measurement of splenic and pancreatic iron content using a commercial 3D-Dixon sequence (qDixon) versus an established fat-saturated R2* relaxometry method (ME-GRE).

Methods
We analyzed splenic and pancreatic iron levels in 143 MR examinations (1.5 T) using the qDixon and a ME-GRE sequence (108 patients: 65 males, 43 females, mean age 61.31 years). Splenic and pancreatic R2* values were compared between both methods using Bland–Altman plots, concordance correlation coefficients (CCC), and linear regression analyses. Iron overload (R2* > 50 1/s) was defined for both organs and compared using contingency tables, overall agreement, and Gwet’s AC1 coefficient.

Results
Of all analyzable examinations, the median splenic R2* using the qDixon sequence was 25.75 1/s (range: 5.6–433) and for the ME-GRE sequence 35.35 1/s (range: 10.9–400.8) respectively. Concerning the pancreas, a median R2* of 29.93 1/s (range: 14–111.45) for the qDixon and 31.25 1/s (range: 14–97) for the ME-GRE sequence was found. Bland–Altman analysis showed a mean R2* difference of 2.12 1/s with a CCC of 0.934 for the spleen and of 0.29 1/s with a CCC of 0.714 for the pancreas. Linear regression for the spleen/pancreas resulted in a correlation coefficient of 0.94 (p < 0.001)/0.725 (p < 0.001). Concerning iron overload, the proportion of overall agreement between the two methods was 91.43% for the spleen and 93.18% for the pancreas.

Conclusions
Our data show good concordance between R2* values obtained with a commercial qDixon sequence and a validated ME-GRE relaxometry method. The 3D-qDixon sequence, originally intended for liver assessment, seems to be a reliable tool for non-invasive evaluation of iron content also in the spleen and the pancreas.

Key Points
• A 3D chemical shift imaging sequence and 2D multi-gradient echo sequence show good conformity quantifying splenic and pancreatic R2* values.
• The 3D chemical shift imaging sequence allows a reliable analysis also of splenic and pancreatic iron status.
• In addition to the liver, the analysis of the spleen and pancreas is often helpful for further differential diagnostic clarification and patient guidance regarding the iron status.
A prognostic score based on B cell and plasma cell densities compared to T cell densities in colorectal cancer
Authors: Karjalainen Henna , Sirniö Päivi , Tuomisto Anne , Mäkinen Markus J. , Väyrynen Juha P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare a B cell/plasma cell–based scoring system to T cell score and evaluate their prognostic value in colorectal cancer.

Methods
We used immunohistochemistry to analyze the expression of CD20, CD138, CD3, and CD8 in 221 colorectal cancer patients. CD20+ B cell and CD138+ plasma cell densities in the tumor center and invasive margin were calculated and converted into a B cell/plasma cell score. T cell score was defined similarly, using CD3+ and CD8+ T cell densities. Their associations with tumor and patient characteristics and survival were analyzed.

Results
Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a high B cell/plasma cell score was associated with a tendency towards longer survival (p = 0.089), but no statistically significant association was found. High T cell score associated with longer cancer-specific survival in Kaplan–Meier analysis and multivariable Cox regression analysis (p < 0.001). Additionally, high T cell score associated with lower disease stage (p < 0.001) and lesser lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.020).

Conclusions
High T cell score is associated with longer survival and clinicopathological factors typical to less aggressive tumors. This study did not support the additional prognostic value of B cell/plasma cell quantification.
Endoscopic stapedotomy: classic versus reversal technique
Authors: Moneir Waleed , Khafagy Yasser Wafeek , Salem Nada Nagah , Hemdan Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To compare hearing outcome and surgical complications between endoscopic classic and reversal stapedotomies.

Patients and methods
A prospective single blinded randomized clinical study carried out on 60 patients with otosclerosis who were randomized into two groups; each containing 30 patients. Patients in group 1 underwent endoscopic classic stapedotomy. Patients in group 2 underwent endoscopic reversal stapedotomy. Both groups were compared as regards hearing outcome and surgical complications.

Results
The difference in the hearing outcome between the two groups was statistically non-significant. Post-operative closure of the air bone gap (ABG) within 10 dB was attained in 76.67% and 80% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The differences in the surgical complications between the two studied groups were statistically non-significant.

Conclusion
Endoscopic classic and reversal stapedotomies are comparable to each other as regards hearing outcome and surgical complications. The authors recommend further studies with relatively larger sample size.
Validation of a guideline to reduce variability in diagnosing cervical dystonia
Authors: Defazio Giovanni , Belvisi Daniele , Comella Cynthia , Hallett Mark , Jinnah Hyder A. , Cimino Paola , Latorre Anna , Mascia Marcello Mario , Rocchi Lorenzo , Gigante Angelo Fabio , Ercoli Tommaso , Berardelli Alfredo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical dystonia is characterized by a variable pattern of neck muscle involvement. Due to the lack of a diagnostic test, cervical dystonia diagnosis is based on clinical examination and is therefore subjective. The present work was designed to provide practical guidance for clinicians in confirming or refuting suspected cervical dystonia.

Methods
Participants were video recorded according to a standardized protocol to assess 6 main clinical features possibly contributing to cervical dystonia diagnosis: presence of repetitive, patterned head/neck movements/postures inducing head/neck deviation from neutral position (item 1); sensory trick (item 2); and red flags related to conditions mimicking dystonia that should be absent in dystonia (items 3–6). Inter-/intra-rater agreement among three independent raters was assessed by k statistics. To estimate sensitivity and specificity, the gold standard was cervical dystonia diagnosis reviewed at each site by independent senior neurologists.

Results
The validation sample included 43 idiopathic cervical dystonia patients and 41 control subjects (12 normal subjects, 6 patients with isolated head tremor, 4 with chorea, 6 with tics, 4 with head ptosis due to myasthenia or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 7 with orthopedic/rheumatologic neck diseases, and 2 with ocular torticollis). The best combination of sensitivity and specificity was observed considering all the items except for an item related to capability to voluntarily suppress spasms (sensitivity: 96.1%; specificity: 81%).

Conclusions
An accurate diagnosis of cervical dystonia can be achieved if, in addition to the core motor features, we also consider some clinical features related to dystonia mimics that should be absent in dystonia.
Efficacy of progressive versus severe energy restriction on body composition and strength in concurrent trained women
Authors: Vargas-Molina Salvador , Bonilla Diego A. , Petro Jorge L. , Carbone Leandro , García-Sillero Manuel , Jurado-Castro José Manuel , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Benítez-Porres Javier 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study evaluated the concurrent training (CT) effect in combination with either progressive energy restriction (PER) or severe energy restriction (SER) on body composition and strength-related variables in resistance-trained women.

Methods
Fourteen women (29.5 ± 3.8 years; 23.8 ± 2.8 kg·m−2) were randomly assigned to a PER (n = 7) or SER (n = 7) group. Participants performed an 8-week CT program. Pre- and post-intervention measures of fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and strength-related variables were assessed through 1-repetition maximum (in the squat and bench press) and countermovement jump.

Results
Significant reductions in FM were observed in PER and SER (Δ = − 1.7 ± 0.4 kg; P =  < 0.001; ES = − 0.39 and Δ = − 1.2 ± 0.6 kg; P = 0.002; ES = − 0.20, respectively). After correcting FFM for fat-free adipose tissue (FFAT), no significant differences for this variable were found either in PER (Δ = − 0.3 ± 0.1; P = 0.071; ES = − 0.06) or in SER (Δ = − 0.2 ± 0.1; P = 0.578; ES = − 0.04). There were no significant changes in the strength-related variables. No between-group differences were found in any of the variables.

Conclusion
A PER has similar effects to a SER on body composition and strength in resistance-trained women performing a CT program. Given that PER is more flexible and thus may enhance dietary adherence, it might be a better alternative for FM reduction compared to SER.
On Formality and Combinatorial Formality for Hyperplane Arrangements
Authors: Möller Tilman , Mücksch Paul , Röhrle Gerhard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA hyperplane arrangement is called formal provided all linear dependencies among the defining forms of the hyperplanes are generated by ones corresponding to intersections of codimension two. The significance of this notion stems from the fact that complex arrangements with aspherical complements are formal. The aim of this note is twofold. While work of Yuzvinsky shows that formality is not combinatorial, in our first main theorem we prove that the combinatorial property of factoredness of arrangements does entail formality. Our second main theorem shows that formality is hereditary, i.e., is passed to restrictions. This is rather counter-intuitive, as in contrast the known sufficient conditions for formality, i.e., asphericity, freeness and factoredness (owed to our first theorem), are not hereditary themselves. We also demonstrate that the stronger property ofk-formality, due to Brandt and Terao, is not hereditary.
Sleep quality and sex-related factors in adult patients with immune-mediated diabetes: a large cross-sectional study
Authors: Bongiorno Claudio , Moscatiello Simona , Baldari Michele , Saudelli Enrico , Zucchini Stefano , Maltoni Giulio , Ribichini Danilo , Bruco Alessia , Lo Preiato Valentina , Laffi Gilberto , Pagotto Uberto , Di Dalmazi Guido 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aim
To analyze sleep quality and its relationships with clinical and biochemical features in a large cohort of adults with autoimmune diabetes.

Methods
We administered to 553 patients with autoimmune diabetes the questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), diabetes distress scale, diabetes-related quality of life and diabetes treatment satisfaction questionnaire. We excluded patients with missing HbA1c ± 4 months from PSQI administration or incorrect PSQI compilation (n = 110).

Results
Altered sleep quality was recorded in 142/443 subjects (32%), insufficient total sleep time in 177/443 (40%). The altered sleep quality group had higher HbA1c (median 56 mmol/mol [interquartile range-IQR 49–62] vs 59 [IQR 52–68]; P < 0.001), higher average HbA1c in the previous 36 months (59 mmol/mol [IQR 54–68] vs 56 [IQR 51–62]; P < 0.001), and more individuals with HbA1c > 53 mmol/mol (74.6% vs 62.8%; P = 0.014). Diabetes duration (P = 0.63), type of insulin delivery (P = 0.48) and glucose monitoring (P = 0.35) were uninfluential. Patients with altered sleep quality showed higher prevalence of autoimmune (42 vs 28%; P = 0.005) and mental diseases (12 vs 4%; P = 0.002); there were greater emotional distress, and lower quality of life and treatment satisfaction (P < 0.001 for all), irrespective of sex. Men with altered sleep quality had higher HbA1c and prevalence of autoimmune diseases. Women showed greater prevalence of psychiatric disorders. Average HbA1c of the previous 36 months, autoimmune or psychiatric disorders were independent predictive factors for altered sleep quality.

Conclusion
One-third of the patients with autoimmune diabetes showed altered sleep quality, which associates with worse glycemic control, and autoimmune and mental disorders, with sex-specific differences.
Growth rates of human induced pluripotent stem cells and neural stem cells from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients: a preliminary study
Authors: Yde Ohki Cristine Marie , Walter Natalie Monet , Bender Audrey , Rickli Michelle , Ruhstaller Sina , Walitza Susanne , Grünblatt Edna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental polygenic disorder that affects more than 5% of children and adolescents around the world. Genetic and environmental factors play important roles in ADHD etiology, which leads to a wide range of clinical outcomes and biological phenotypes across the population. Brain maturation delays of a 4-year lag are commonly found in patients, when compared to controls of the same age. Possible differences in cellular growth rates might reflect the clinical observations in ADHD patients. However, the cellular mechanisms are still not elucidated. To test this hypothesis, we analysed the proliferation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from male children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD and with genetic predisposition to it (assessed using polygenic risk scores), as well as their respective matched controls. In the current pilot study, it was noticeable that NSCs from the ADHD group proliferate less than controls, while no differences were seen at the iPSC developmental stage. Our results from two distinct proliferation methods indicate that the functional and structural delays found in patients might be associated with these in vitro phenotypic differences, but start at a distinct neurodevelopmental stage. These findings are the first ones in the field of disease modelling of ADHD and might be crucial to better understand the pathophysiology of this disorder.
Relationship of obstructive sleep apnea with periodontal condition and its local and systemic risk factors
Authors: Arango Jimenez Natalia , Morales Vera Darena Z. , Latorre Uriza Catalina , Velosa-Porras Juliana , Téllez Corral Mayra A. , Escobar Arregocés Francina Maria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and periodontitis share risk factors, such as age, obesity, stress, and cardiovascular events, which have a bidirectional cause-effect relationship through systemic inflammation. Our objective was to determine the relationship between OSA and the periodontal condition and its associated local and systemic risk factors.Material and methodsThis was an observational case-control study involving 60 patients. Local oral risk factors and the systemic condition of each patient were evaluated. All patients underwent polysomnography for the diagnosis of OSA. Chi-squared, one-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni’s tests were performed.ResultsA higher percentage of patients with periodontitis had severe OSA (66.66%); however, no statistically significant association was found between the two pathologies (p= 0.290). In terms of systemic risk factors, an association was found between arterial hypertension and severe OSA (p= 0.038), and in terms of local factors, an association was found between the use of removable prostheses and severe OSA (p= 0.0273).ConclusionIn the general population, patients with periodontitis showed a higher prevalence of severe OSA. Obesity and hypothyroidism were the most prevalent systemic findings in patients with OSA and periodontitis. Arterial hypertension and osteoarthritis were found to be associated with severe OSA. The local risk factors associated with periodontitis and severe OSA were removable partial dentures and misfit resins.Clinical relevanceTo study the factors that can facilitate the progression of OSA and periodontitis, physicians and dentists should be advised to provide comprehensive care for patients with both pathologies.
Tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems: a special issue on tool papers for TACAS 2021
Authors: Jensen Peter Gjøl , Neele Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis special issue contains six revised and extended versions of tool papers that appeared in the proceedings of TACAS 2021, the 27th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. The issue is dedicated to the realization of algorithms in tools and the studies of the application of these tools for analysing hard- and software systems.
Parking lock integration for electric axle drives by multi-objective design optimization
Authors: Lechleitner D. , Hofstetter M. , Hirz M. , Gsenger C. , Huber K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDue to safety considerations, electric axle drives (e-drives) are often equipped with a parking lock system, which prevents vehicle movement while parking in redundancy with the parking brake. In order to integrate the parking lock into the e‑drive, various mounting positions inside the e‑drive are eligible, which have a direct influence on the e‑drive packaging. Furthermore, engaging the parking lock may happen at small vehicle velocities and while driving downhill, leading to high loads on the e‑drive components. These loads depend on the mounting position of the parking lock and have to be considered in the design phase to prevent failure of the system. That way, the designs of shafts, gear wheels and bearings of the gearbox are affected by the parking lock integration. A suboptimally integrated parking lock system can thus lead to undesirably high costs and reduced energy efficiency of the entire e‑drive—all alongside the packaging aspect. Consequently, finding the best suitable parking lock integration for a certain e‑drive is a complex task for the design engineers. To reduce the level of problem complexity, an established computer-based system design method for e‑drives by means of a multi-objective optimization is extended to be capable of considering the parking lock integration. The proposed method is applied to a case study and the impact of the parking lock on the optimality of an exemplary e‑drive system is shown.