bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Game Theory Solution to Buyback Contracts
Authors: Kose Erkan , Canbulut Gulcin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Supply chain contracts are important tools for sharing risk and increasing overall supply chain profitability. Research on supply chain contracts shows that supply chain actors can make more profit if they cooperate with other actors instead of acting alone. Game theory has become an important tool in the analysis of supply chains with multiple actors whose primary purpose is to increase their own profits. In cooperative games, players try to get more than they can alone by forming coalitions. In this study, buyback contract, which is one of the most used contract types in order to ensure supply chain coordination, is tried to be handled with the game theory. Considering the similarity of the relations between game theory and supply chain actors, it is aimed to distribute the profits of the supply chain more equitably. In the study the gains that the supply chain actors will gain in case of using buyback contract for different coalition options are calculated. Then, a game theory-based approach was followed to distribute profits fairly among supply chain actors. The results showed that the proposed approach can provide a more equitable profit sharing among supply chain actors. The main contribution of this study to the literature is that the profit sharing between supply chain actors has not been handled with the logic of game theory until this time. Therefore, it is thought that this study will open the door to examining other supply chain contracts within the scope of cooperative games.
Absence of effects of widespread badger culling on tuberculosis in cattle
Authors: Torgerson Paul , Hartnack Sonja , Rasmussen Philip , Lewis Fraser , Langton Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Government policy in England aims for the elimination of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). This policy includes culling of European badger (Meles meles) to reduce cattle TB incidence. The rationale is based on the results of a field trial, the Randomised Badger Culling Trial (RBCT) 1998–2005, which reported a substantial decrease in bTB herd incidence where badger culling had been implemented, in comparison to untreated control areas. The results were reported in 2006 in the journal Nature. Recent analysis of proactive badger culling in England since 2013 has raised concerns that badger culling, based on RBCT methods, may not reduce bTB herd incidence. The present study re-examined data from the RBCT experiment using a range of statistical models. It concluded that most analytical options did not show any evidence to support an effect of badger culling on herd incidence of bTB ‘confirmed’ by visible lesions or bacterial culture post mortem. However, the statistical model selected and reported from the RBCT study was one of the few models that did show an effect. Various criteria suggest that this was not an optimal model compared to other analytical options then available. The most likely explanation is that the RBCT proactive cull analysis overfitted the data with a non standard method to control for exposure. This resulted in it having a poor predictive value. Fresh appraisals suggest that evidence from more suitable analysis of the original data show that badger culling does not bring about the reported effects. The RBCT found no evidence of an effect on ‘total’ (confirmed and unconfirmed) bTB herd incidence, which we have also found using the more suitable statistical models. The selective choice of use only of ‘confirmed’ incidence data, together with more recent (2013) published perception that RBCT data presented ‘a strong evidence base….with appropriate detailed statistical or other quantitative analysis’ should now be adjusted to conclude that this evidence base is weak or at least, equivocal. The results of the present report are consistent with findings that badger culling in England (2013–2019) shows no significant disease control benefit. The findings of this study help explain one form of driver to the reproducibility crisis, in this case with disease control management in an increasingly intensified livestock industry.
A HIF independent oxygen-sensitive pathway for controlling cholesterol synthesis
Authors: Dickson Anna , Pauzaite Tekle , Arnaiz Esther , Ortmann Brian , West James , Volkmar Norbert , Martinelli Anthony , Li Zhaoqi , Wit Niek , Vitkup Dennis , Kaser Arthur , Lehner Paul , Nathan James 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cholesterol biosynthesis is a highly regulated, oxygen-dependent pathway, vital for cell membrane integrity and growth. In fungi, the dependency on oxygen for sterol production has resulted in a shared transcriptional response, resembling prolyl hydroxylation of Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) in metazoans. Whether an analogous metazoan pathway exists is unknown. Here, we identify Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2 (SREBP2), the key transcription factor driving sterol production in mammals, as an oxygen-sensitive regulator of cholesterol synthesis. SREBP2 degradation in hypoxia overrides the normal sterol-sensing response, and is HIF independent. We identify MARCHF6, through its NADPH-mediated activation in hypoxia, as the main ubiquitin ligase controlling SREBP2 stability. Hypoxia-mediated degradation of SREBP2 protects cells from statin-induced cell death by forcing cells to rely on exogenous cholesterol uptake, explaining why many solid organ tumours become auxotrophic for cholesterol. Our findings therefore uncover an oxygen-sensitive pathway for governing cholesterol synthesis through regulated SREBP2-dependent protein degradation.
The Female Reproductive System Structure of Isotomus speciosus (Schneider, 1787) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Mylabris cernyi Pan &amp; Bologna, 2014 (Coleoptera: Meloidae)-Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy Studies
Authors: Koçakoğlu Nurcan Özyurt , Candan Selami 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, the female reproductive system of Isotomus speciosus (Cerambycidae) and Mylabris cernyi (Meloidae) species were examined anatomically and histologically under light and scanning electron microscopes. The first of the adult insects was collected from Kömüşini, Kulu, Konya, and the other from Keklikdere, Bingöl, Turkey. According to the results obtained, the female reproductive system in both species consists of a pair of ovaries, lateral oviducts, a common oviduct, spermatheca, bursa copulatrix, and genital chamber. Each ovary has ~ 28 ovarioles in I. speciosus, ~ 50 ovarioles in M. cernyi. In both species, each ovariole consists of a terminal filament, germarium, vitellarium, and pedicel. However, the properties (The number of ovaries, presence-absence of terminal filament, thickness, the length of terminal filament, dimensions of germarium, the number of oocytes in vitellarium, ooplasm content of oocytes, the shape of follicle epithelium surrounding oocytes, the size of oocytes, oocyte surface differentiation) of these parts differ according to the species. In both species, previtellogenesis, vitellogenesis, and choriogenesis stages oocytes were found in the vitellarium. In this study, the similarities and differences in the anatomical and histological structures of the parts of the female reproductive system of I. speciosus and M. cernyi with species belonging to other families were compared.
Impact of variable temperature combinations on the stage-specific development, survival and life table parameters of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Authors: kaur Gurjot , Sarao Preetinder Singh , Aggarwal Naveen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Temperature is an only critical factor which influences insect population dynamics, development and reproduction. Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is one of the major insect pests of paddy crop in East and Southeast Asia, which significantly reduces the quality and quantity of yield. The effect of five set of variable temperature combinations of 23:9, 27:12, 33:19, 36:23 and 39:27°C at 75 ± 5 per cent humidity and 14 h photoperiod under laboratory conditions were studied on the stage-specific development, survival and life table parameters of N. lugens. The optimum temperature range lies between 27:12°C and 33:19°C as fecundity (102 ± 8.50–112 ± 3.75), per cent egg hatchability (86.86 ± 1.21–87.14 ± 1.99) and per cent viability of fifth nymphal instar was maximum at these combinations. Similarly, the net reproductive rate (R0) (163.49) and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) (0.1993 females female− 1 day− 1) were maximum at 33:19°C. Generation time (T) decreases significantly with increase in temperature. The finite rate of increase (λ) varied from 1.1522 to 1.1300 females female-1 day-1 with multiplication rate (erm)7 of 2.3821 to 4.2501, respectively, at temperature combinations of 23:9 to 39:27°C. The relatively high values of life table parameters at 33:19°C followed by 27:12°C temperature combinations suggests that N. lugens thrive well at these temperatures. The present studies can be helpful in understanding the adoption of N. lugens to higher range of temperature combinations under changing climatic conditions. The implications of this study also aids in predicting the population dynamics of N. lugens under field conditions and devising eco-friendly management strategies.
Cannabidiol treatment of proliferating 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes affects mature cell size and expression of acyltransferases involved in lipid droplet synthesis
Authors: Caldari-Torres Cristina , Huang Mingyang , Kasprovic Daniel , Xu Yiyang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) has been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-seizure, anti-oxidant, and proposed anti-obesity effects. Therapeutic modalities that improve the size of existing adipocytes through a reduction in hypertrophy, or result in increased hyperplasia (increased cell number) and decreased hypertrophy (enlarged cell size) during adipogenesis can result in smaller adipocytes that maintain insulin sensitivity, reducing the incidence of dysfunctional adipose tissue. The effect of timing CBD treatment to the proliferation (mitotic expansion) phase or the differentiation phase of pre-adipocytes on hyperplasia, hypertrophy, and expression of genes involved in triacylglycerol synthesis has not been investigated. We aimed to determine how exposing 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes to CBD during the expansion or differentiation phase affected proliferation, cell size, and expression of enzymes involved in triacylglycerol synthesis.Methods Cells were treated with CBD at doses of 0.2 µM (low [CBD]) or 20 µM (high [CBD]) for measurement of cell viability and proliferation. Additionally, pre-adipocytes were exposed to CBD during proliferation and before stimulation of differentiation (expansion phase) or during the differentiation protocol (differentiation phase) and cell size, total lipid deposition and gene expression of acylglycerophosphate acyltransferase-2 (AGPAT2), diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (DGAT2), and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-3 (GPAT3) were quantified in the mature, lipid-storing adipocytes.Results The high CBD dose reduced cell viability and completely inhibited differentiation of pre-adipocytes into mature adipocytes when cells were treated during the differentiation period. Treatment of cells with the high CBD dose during the mitotic clonal expansion period significantly reduced but did not inhibit differentiation of the cells into the mature phenotype. The low CBD dose did not affect cell viability and resulted in increased proliferation and smaller mature adipocytes that did not differ from control cells with regards to lipid droplet deposition but that exhibited changes in gene expression of AGPAT and GPAT.Conclusions Our results suggest that a low (0.2 µM), physiologically achievable dose of CBD affects mature adipocyte cell size and gene expression of acyltransferases involved in triacylglycerol synthesis and that these effects are dependent on timing the CBD exposure to the cell’s mitotic clonal expansion phase.
Quantum federated learning in healthcare: The shift from development to deployment
and from models to data
Authors: Kais Sabre , Bhatia Amandeep , Alam Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Healthcare organizations have a high volume of sensitive data and traditional technologies have
limited storage capacity and computational resources. The prospect of sharing healthcare data
for machine learning is more arduous due to firm regulations related to patient privacy. The balanced
protection of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of healthcare data, has become a major
concern beyond classical data security considerations. In recent years, federated learning offers a
solution to accelerate distributed machine learning addressing concerns related to data privacy and
governance. Currently, the blend of quantum computing and machine learning has experienced significant
attention from academic institutions and research communities. Quantum computers have
shown the potential to bring huge benefits to the healthcare sector through efficient distributed
training across several quantum nodes. The ultimate objective of this work is to develop a quantum
federated learning framework (QFL) to tackle the optimization, security, and privacy challenges
in the healthcare and clinical industries for medical imaging tasks. In this work, we proposed
federated quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs) with distributed training across edge
devices. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed QFL framework, we performed extensive
experiments on medical datasets (Pneumonia MNIST, and CT-kidney disease analysis), which are
non-independently and non-identically partitioned among the healthcare institutions/clients. The
quantum federated global model maintained a high classification testing accuracy and generalizability
and outperformed the locally train clients regardless of how unbalanced the medical data
is distributed among the clients. The global model achieved the best performance as compared to
local clients in terms of the area under curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCROC)
(0.953) and an average of (0.98) on all classes for predicting outcomes on pneumonia and
CT-kidney datasets, respectively. Moreover, the client selection mechanism is proposed to reduce
the computation overhead at each communication round, which effectively improves the convergence
rate. The proposed quantum federated learning framework is validated and assessed via large-scale
simulations. Based on our results from numerical simulations, the deployment of distributed and
secure quantum machine learning algorithms for enabling scalable and privacy-preserving intelligent
healthcare applications would be extremely valuable.
Experimental studies of the influence of mobile fan positioning parameters on the ability to transport the air stream into a building
Authors: Kaczmarzyk Piotr , Warguła Łukasz , Janik Paweł 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The article aims to determine the influence of fan positioning parameters, i.e., its distance from a door opening (1 m to 7 m) and the angle of inclination of the impeller axis in relation to the ground (0° to 18°) on the amount of air flow pumped through a door opening. The volumetric air flow stream was determined based on measuring (at fifty measuring points) the velocity of the air stream blown onto the surface of the door opening. Four commercial positive pressure ventilators, commonly used in rescue operations, with a power of 0.6 kW to 6.3 kW were tested. The tests showed that the value of the air flow stream at the most favorable setting (distance in the range of 3 m to 5 m and the angle of the impeller axis to the ground in the range of 5° to 12.2°) is included in the range of 18304 ± 2460 m3/h to about 45189 ± 4619 m3/h. Such settings cause the air stream to be aimed at the central area of the door opening. Imprecise mobile fan arrangement may reduce the flow rate from 41% to 76% in relation to the most favorable results.
Gut dysbiosis induced by a high-salt diet aggravates atherosclerosis by increasing the absorption of saturated fatty acids in ApoE-deficient mice
Authors: Yoshimura Takashi , Okamura Takuro , Yuge Hiroki , Hosomi Yukako , Kimura Tomonori , Ushigome Emi , Nakanishi Naoko , Sasano Ryoichi , Ogata Takehiro , Hamaguchi Masahide , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which excessive salt intake aggravates atherosclerosis by evaluating the changes in the gut microbiota, the expression of nutrient transporters in the gut, and the fatty acid composition in atherosclerosis.
Results
Sixteen-week-old male ApoE-deficient mice were either fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) or HFHSD, high-salt diet (HFHSD + 4%NaCl) for 8 weeks. The HFHSD + 4%NaCl group showed progression of atherosclerosis, and gut microbiota analysis revealed that this group had a reduced abundance of Allobaculum spp., Ruminococcaceae family, Lachnospiraceae family, and Alphaproteobacteria class compared to the HFHSD group. Furthermore, Cd36 gene expression levels were increased in the small intestine of the HFHSD + 4%NaCl group compared to those in the HFHSD group. The concentration of saturated fatty acids in serum and atherosclerotic lesions, was remarkably increased in the HFHSD + 4%NaCl group.
Conclusions
Dysbiosis induced by excessive salt intake increases the expression of long-chain fatty acid transporters in the intestinal tract, which increases the influx of saturated fatty acids into the body.
Does combining the placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and repairing a myelomeningocele in new-borns impact the occurrence of complications?
Authors: KADRI Hassan , Almasri Moudar , Abouharb Raed , Bakleh Sameer , KADRI Tim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The use of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement and myelomeningocele (MMC) repair together in hydrocephalic neonates is a topic of ongoing debate and requires careful consideration of the potential risks and benefits. On the one hand, this procedure can prevent the development of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks after MMC repair and reduce the risk of infections. On the other hand, it can increase the risk of infection and shunt-related malfunction. Therefore, the decision to perform this procedure should be based on a thorough assessment of the individual patient's condition and associated risks.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that analyzed 144 new-borns with spinal myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus. Certain patients were excluded based on specific criteria. The diagnosis of hydrocephalus was based on various techniques. The patients were divided into two groups according to when dysraphism repair and ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement were performed. The study analyzed complications related to the hydrodynamics of the CSF in the two groups to determine the optimal timing to treat MMC-associated hydrocephalus.
Results: 101 children receiving simultaneous insertion of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP) during myelomeningocele closure, and 43 children receiving delayed insertion of the VP shunt after myelomeningocele closure. Females represented 60% of the patients, and lumbar lesions were the most common. The median age for myelomeningocele closure was 4 days.
The deferred insertion group had a higher proportion of shunt malfunctions, CSF leaks, and dehiscence than the simultaneous insertion group. There was evidence to suggest that the simultaneous insertion group may have a higher proportion of shunt infections, but the difference was not statistically significant.
The study found a statistically significant association between the timing of the insertion of the VP shunt and complications, but further analysis is necessary to determine which approach is more appropriate for each patient.
Conclusion: In summary, a study has found that there is a significant relationship between the timing of shunt insertion during MMC repair surgery and the occurrence of certain outcomes such as shunt malfunction, CSF leak, and dehiscence. The study suggests that the simultaneous insertion of the shunt with MMC repair may result in lower rates of these results compared to the delay in shunt insertion until after MMC repair. However, there are no significant differences between the two groups for the occurrence of shunt infection, which remains a major complication.
Early-onset pharyngeal airway collapse in infant: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Wei Qing , Chen Xun , Nong Guangmin , Li Yan , Jiang Min , Yang Ruimin , Li Chunyan , Zhang Xiaobo , Yi Xiang , Liu Jing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Early-onset pharyngeal airway collapse(PAL) in infant, which presents with onset within 6-months old is relatively rare, and has not been given enough attention in clinic. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical features, endoscopic findings and outcomes of early-onset PAL in infant.
Methods The children of PAL with onset within 6-months old were included, and a retrospective study was conducted.
Results 1. Total 26 cases were included. The age of onset was neonatal period in 20 cases, 1 to 3-months old in 5 cases, and 4 to 6-months old in 1 case. 2. The main clinical manifestations were noisy breathing(26/26), suprasternal retraction(18/26), snoring(14/26) and hypoxic episode(13/26). 3. Based on the endoscopic findings, collapse at the retropalatal level was most common(24/26). 4. Twelve cases underwent pharyngolaryngeal CT examination, which revealed abnormal findings in 7 cases. 5. Fifteen cases were accompanied with the other airway malformations. 6. In the group with underlying diseases of cerebral impairment or craniofacial abnormalities, 1 case was lost to follow up, 4 cases died, and 10 cases survived, in which 9 cases had neurodevelopmental disorders. In the group without underlying diseases, 2 cases were lost to follow up, 9 cases survived, in which 1 case had neurodevelopmental disorders. The incidence of poor prognosis including death and neurodevelopmental disorders was significantly higher in the group with underlying diseases than that without underlying diseases(P＜0.01). 7. An symptomatic improvement of PAL was found in the majority of the survived cases(18/19) with age.
Conclusions Early-onset PAL in infant usually exhibits varying degrees of relief with age, whereas the cases with underlying diseases had a poor prognosis.