bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capability of High-Speed Laser Cladding Process with Iron-Based Alloys
Authors: Schmengler C. , Hitzek A. , Wank A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study assesses the applicability of high-speed laser cladding for producing iron-based alloy coatings, in particular, CrNi duplex steel, FeCrV, and FeCrNiB. Process parameters are optimized for 150 µm thick claddings on mild steel using different laser power levels, surface speeds, and preheating temperatures. Claddings are also produced on cylindrical substrates of different diameters to investigate dependency on component geometry. Duplex steel was found to be highly processable by high-speed laser cladding. In contrast, crack-free FeCrV claddings can only be produced on small diameter surfaces, and only with preheating, while FeCrNiB could not be applied at all without cracking.
Cascaded Arc Gun for Low Pressure Plasma Spray Applications
Authors: Colmenares Jose , Gutleber Jonathan , Gindrat Malko , Pegler Aaron 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper evaluates the performance of a new single-cathode cascaded arc spray gun developed for low-pressure plasma spraying (LPPS). It describes key design features, explaining how they contribute to arc and voltage stability, improved thermal efficiency, higher throughput, and extended equipment life. It assesses the effect of nozzle geometry on spray spot morphology and examines the microstructure of CoNiCrAlY and YSZ coatings deposited on different substrates, including a turbine blade, using the new gun. Cross-sectional images show the uniformity of the CoNiCrAlY coatings in different locations on the turbine blade, including platform, fillet, and airfoil surface.
Hybrid Additive Manufacture of 316L Stainless Steel with Cold Spray and Selective Laser Melting: Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Case Study
Authors: Yin Shuo , Jenkins Richard , Kazasidis Marios , Lupoi Rocco , Yan Xingchen , Chen Chaoyue 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, a novel additive manufacturing process was proposed and employed in the production of stainless steel components. The underlying concept is to use selective laser melting (SLM) to fabricate a core structure onto which basic features are added by cold spraying (CS), followed by heat treatment and finish machining. The microstructure and mechanical properties of as-fabricated and heat-treated parts were studied, and interfacial bonding between the SLM core and a typical CS feature was assessed. In the as-fabricated state, it is observed that the CS material has a dendritic structure similar to the feedstock, while the SLM core is characterized by cellular subgrains confined in coarse grain structures. Following heat treatment, interparticle boundaries are less well defined, equiaxed coarse grains and twinning appear, and the extremely fine subgrains in the SLM material are enlarged. Heat treatment is also shown to improve tensile strength in the CS material and interfacial bond strength between the CS features and SLM core.
Development of Super Stainless Steel Coating with Improved Corrosion Resistance and Enhanced Hardness Focusing on Characteristics of Atmosphere Plasma Spray Process
Authors: Zeng Zhensu , Makino Yukinobu , Sako Sayaka , Era Hidenori , Muraoka Ken , Kuroda Seiji 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study assesses the effect of different alloying elements on the microstructure, oxygen content, hardness, and corrosion resistance of stainless steel coatings produced by atmospheric plasma spraying. SUS836L stainless steel powder with Si, Mn, and B additions served as the base feedstock alloy to which different amounts of B, C, Mo, Ti, Nb, V, and Cu were added. The powder mixtures were sprayed on carbon steel substrates and the deposits were examined and tested. The results show that B and C additions of 2-3% have a beneficial effect, but at 5% cause a drop in corrosion resistance that proved to be remediable through the addition of Cu, which improves the corrosion potential of the matrix phase by its combined action with Mo, Si, and B. The effect of Ti, Nb, and V, which are added to suppress Cr oxidation in molten alloy particles during flight, is that it promotes that formation of fine carbide and boride compounds, increasing hardness without sacrificing corrosion resistance. In addition to these findings, the study also shows that the coatings developed are in many ways comparable to Ni-based self-fluxing alloy coatings.
A Novel Method for Generating a Single Layer of Powder and Calculating the Packing Density with the Assistance of White-Light Interferometry for Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF)
Authors: Alchikh-Sulaiman Basel , Carriere Paul R. , Yue Stephen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Despite the wide application of powder metallurgy in the field of additive manufacturing, a general understanding of the spreadability of powder particles in electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) is lacking. This paper presents the results of a literature review on particle flowability and spreading in additive processes. Different flowability tests are described and spreading mechanisms for different powder-bed processes are reviewed. A technique is proposed to study spreadability in which a single layer of powder is ‘frozen’ in the as-spread condition by contact sintering and then characterized using white-light interferometry. A standard method to calculate powder-bed density is defined based on this approach, and correlations between density, packing factor, and flowability are established.
Residual Stress Measurements in Wire-Arc Sprayed ZnAl15 Coatings
Authors: Bobzin Kristen , Öte Mehmet , Knoch Martin Andreas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In recent studies, crack formation was observed in oxidized areas of wire-arc sprayed Zn-Al coatings. As corrosion tests show, these cracks allow electrolyte to penetrate the coating, reducing effective service lifetime. Wire-arc sprayed coatings usually exhibit tensile residual stresses with the potential to cause such cracking. To determine the extent of that potential, the stress state of Zn-Al coatings was measured and correlated with corrosion test results. Residual stress was obtained using the sin2ψ method based on XRD analysis and the results are combined with those of previous studies, forming a hypothesis for the root cause of crack formation in wire-arc sprayed Zn-Al coatings, its effects, and its control.
Microstructure and Thermal Properties of Double Rare-Earth Co-Doped SrZrO3 Coating by Solution Precursor Plasma Spray
Authors: Meng X.-F. , Ma W. , Huang W. , Li E.-B. , Bai Y. , Liu C.-W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Strontium zirconate is a candidate material for thermal barrier coatings due to its high melting point, good sintering resistance, and high TCE. One drawback, however, is a phase transition that occurs below 1200 °C , although rare-earth element doping offers a way to suppress it. In this study, SrZrO3 doped with two rare earth oxides, ytterbia and gadolinia, is deposited by solution precursor plasma spraying and the layers obtained are evaluated before and after heat treatment. The coatings are characterized by two phases, SrZrO3 and t-ZrO2, with interpass boundary structure, nano and microscale porosity, and through-thickness vertical cracks. XRD analysis after heat treatment at 1400 °C for 360 h shows that the two phases are very stable due to the doping of rare-earth elements, which is also shown to reduce thermal conductivity in the as-sprayed deposits by nearly 35%.
Influence of YSZ Powder Characteristics on the Morphology of PS-PVD Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Jia Fang , Gao Lihua , Yu Yueguang , Ji Xiojuan , Zhang Deming , Peng Haoran , Lu Xiaoliang , Hou Weiao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to understand how the characteristics of feedstock powders impact the morphology of thermal spray coatings. In the experiments, YSZ powders were prepared, characterized, and deposited on nickel-base superalloy substrates by plasma spray physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) and the coatings were examined and tested. The results indicate that particle size distribution is an important factor in coating quality and that very fine-grained powder (&lt; 12 µm) is not conducive to the formation of a columnar crystal structure. A powder with a rough, porous structure, on the other hand, readily absorbs heat and is thus easily vaporized, leading to a good columnar structure in the coating. In contrast, dense powder is difficult to vaporize, which promotes the formation of layered structures. Among the coatings with a columnar structure, one produced from powders with a particle size of 16.7 µm exhibited the lowest porosity and highest microhardness.
Penyediaan Infrastruktur Pengelolaan Persampahan di Lingkungan Permukiman Kumuh Kota Bandung
Authors: Kusumawardhani Veronica , Sutjahjo Surjono Hadi , Dewi Indarti Komala , Panjaitan Naomi Fransiska 
Published: January 2023

Pertumbuhan permukiman kumuh merupakan tantangan urbanisasi dewasa ini. Permukiman kumuh ditandai dengan keterbatasan infrastruktur dasar permukiman, salah satunya adalah tidak tersedianya infrastruktur pengelolaan persampahan yang memadai. Kota Bandung sebagai bagian dari kota metropolitan tidak luput dari tantangan ini, sehingga dipilih tiga daerah sebagai perwakilan kawasan kumuh sebagai objek penelitian. Ketiga daerah tersebut adalah Kelurahan Tamansari (kumuh berat), Kelurahan Babakan Ciamis (kumuh sedang), dan Kelurahan Cihargeulis (kumuh ringan). Analisis kondisi pengelolaan persampahan eksisting dilakukan dengan perhitungan Indeks Kualitas Tanah (IKT) permukiman. Penelusuran kemungkinan perbaikan kondisi infrastruktur pengelolaan persampahan dilakukan dengan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang membantu pengambilan keputusan dengan perbandingan prioritas dari para pakar di bidang pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Hasil perhitungan IKT menunjukkan bahwa kualitas tanah Kelurahan Tamansari adalah yang terburuk dengan nilai IKT 18.5, Kelurahan Babakan Ciamis bernilai IKT 47.5, dan Kelurahan Cihargeulis yang terbaik dengan nilai IKT 73.5. Analisis AHP menghasilkan alternatif solusi infrastruktur pengelolaan persampahan terbaik untuk ketiga Kelurahan adalah dengan Komposting untuk mengelola sampah organik dan Bank Sampah untuk mengelola sampah anorganik. Masing-masing jumlah unit yang dibutuhkan adalah 20 unit untuk Kelurahan Tamansari, 8 unit untuk Kelurahan Babakan Ciamis, dan 11 unit untuk Kelurahan Cihargeulis.
Penginterpretasian Hasil Inspeksi Keandalan Bangunan Gedung
Authors: Wuryanti Wahyu , Suhedi Fefen 
Published: January 2023

Pemeriksaan keandalan bangunan gedung wajib dilaksanakan untuk seluruh bangunan gedung sesuai peraturan perUndang-undangan yang berlaku. Pemeriksaan keandalan bangunan gedung dilakukan untuk empat kriteria: keselamatan, kesehatan, kenyamanan, dan kemudahan (4K). Hasil pemeriksaan harus dapat ditampilkan dengan cara yang memudahkan pengambil keputusan membuat kesimpulan. Kondisi andal untuk seluruh kriteria mungkin sulit dicapai karena alasan kebutuhan dan kemampuan pemilik gedung. Penulis mengusulkan sebuah model penilaian terhadap hasil pemeriksaan keandalan bangunan gedung dengan menggabungkan dua metoda. Metoda dikotomi untuk penilaian kriteria keselamatan dan metoda skor untuk ketiga kriteria lainnya. Tulisan ini menyampaikan model penilaian metoda skor dengan bobot kepentingan dianalisis dengan metoda Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Bobot kepentingan kriteria atau subkriteria ditentukan untuk fungsi gedung kantor, mall, dan hotel. Bangunan disebut andal bila memenuhi dua persyaratan penilaian, (1) memenuhi seluruh kriteria keselamatan diberi skor P, dan (2) skor kriteria kesehatan, kenyamanan, dan kemudahan, Ss, Sn, Sm lebih besar dari 60. Hasil analisis AHP pada level kriteria diperoleh bobot tertinggi rata-rata 51% untuk kriteria kenyamanan, disusul kriteria kesehatan 29% dan terakhir kriteria kemudahan dengan bobot 20%. Bobot level subkriteria menghasilkan bobot absolut dengan peringkat tertinggi untuk gedung fungsi kantor dan hotel pada subkriteria kenyamanan udara di dalam gedung sebesar 20%, sedangkan untuk fungsi mall diberikan pada subkriteria kenyamanan ruang gerak dan hubungan antarruang sebesar 20%.
Pengembangan Proses pada Sistem Anaerobic Baffled Reactor untuk Memenuhi Bakumutu Air Limbah Domestik
Authors: Hastuti Elis , Nuraeni Reni , Darwati Sri 
Published: January 2023

The wastewater treatment infrastructure had provided by the government mainly through application of communal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The treatment process of communal WWTP applied generally anaerobic system, such as Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) technology, but most of treated water do not meet effluent standard. This paper aims to research the characteristics of the organic removal and treatment upgrading process in the communal ABR system, including process modification or combination with other system. Research carried out in several communal WWTP has applied since the year 2012-2013 in Cimahi City, West Java. Method of evaluation was conducted in the WWTP management through observation of serviced community, operation and maintenance, water quality test both physically and chemicaly. Method of qualitative descriptive for analysis factors affecting the process performance of ABR and potential process upgrading of ABR system according to characteristic of ABR system. The organic removal in ABR system is influenced by the management, existence of pra treatment unit, acclimatization process, water consumption and environment of serviced area. Upgrading process of ABR system can be performed by modification of baffle design, start-up process, maintenance biomass, hybrid system, recirculation systems and application of further treatment. The review these alternative of ABR upgrading process are important in the ABR planning standard to achieve treated water meet effluent standard.
Parameters of the lubrication process during operational wear of the crankshaft bearings of automobile engines
Authors: Aulin V.V. , Lysenko S. , Hrynkiv A. , Liashuk O. , Hupka A. , Livitskyi O. 
Published: January 2023

The article discusses the dynamics of the lubrication process during the operational wear of the crankshaft bearings of automobile engines. All lubrication modes and wear processes are analyzed. The main attention is paid to the steady and unsteady modes of lubrication of the crankshaft bearings. The nature of the dynamics of changing lubrication regimes is substantiated through operational tribological parameters that characterize the integral degree of existence of the lubricating layer. A model is proposed for the relationship of these parameters with a number of factors, and the nature of their changes with a change in the speed of the crankshaft of the car engine is substantiated.
The results of bench tests of diesel engines of the KamAZ series, speed and load characteristics of the engine in terms of tribological operational parameters are presented. A graphical interpretation of the tribological parameter in the field of the load-speed mode of KamAZ engines is given
Correlations between one-repetition maximum weights of different back squat depths
Authors: Enoki Shota , Shiba Junpei , Hakozaki Taisei , Suzuki Yuki , Kuzuhara Kenji 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Although squat depth determines the weight that can be lifted while squatting, it is unclear whether the one-repetition maximum (1RM) at one squat depth can be used to estimate the 1RM at another squat depth. OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlations between 1RM weights at different back squat (BSQ) depths in frequently trained male collegiate athletes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 26 male collegiate athletes. Body composition, lower extremity length, and 1RM of BSQ were measured. 1RM of BSQ was measured at three positions (quarter, half and parallel positions), defined as 45 degrees of knee flexion (quarter, Q-SQ), 90 degrees of knee flexion (half, H-SQ), and femur parallel to the ground (parallel, P-SQ), respectively. All testing was conducted by a certified strength and conditioning specialist. Pearson’s correlation analysis and Spearman’s rank correlation were used to examine the correlation between 1RM at each squat depth. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between 1RM in the H-SQ and P-SQ positions ([Formula: see text] 0.001, [Formula: see text] 0.725, [Formula: see text] 0.526, [Formula: see text] 1.0728[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 24.641), but no significant correlation between 1RM of Q-SQ and P-SQ, and 1RM of Q-SQ and H-SQ. There were significant correlations between the 1RM/BW of Q-SQ and height ([Formula: see text] 0.001, [Formula: see text] 0.594), and with the length of the lower extremities ([Formula: see text] 0.002, [Formula: see text] 0.586). CONCLUSIONS: Mutual estimation of the 1RM of H-SQ or P-SQ from the 1RM of the other squat position is possible. Estimation of the 1RM of Q-SQ from the 1RM of H-SQ or P-SQ is, however, difficult, and must be measured separately. Future studies should be conducted with larger sample sizes, in athletes of various sports, and in females.
INNOVATION OF ELECTRONIC-BASED TAX SERVICES IN INCREASING TAXPAYER PARTICIPATION
Authors: Putri Kenni Arianti 
Published: January 2023

One of the realistic steps taken by the Director General of Taxes is to provide tax services that make it easier for people to pay taxes. This principle is based on a thought about building awareness through an emotional approach. That the people as citizens need to be served well by the state, especially in terms of fulfilling their obligations. The state must be present as a facilitator who provides a sense of comfort and fun. This study aims to see the effect of electronic-based tax service innovation, especially in terms of reporting in an effort to increase taxpayer participation. Respondents in this study were private taxpayers who were in the tax office area of Central Jakarta, totaling 100 people. The data collection technique was carried out by giving primary questionnaires. In general, this study uses a positivism/quantitative approach with linear regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that there is a strong relationship between tax revenue and taxpayer participation with electronic tax reporting factors. This confirms that innovation in tax services is a technical factor that influences awareness of paying taxes.Keywords: Electronic-Based Tax Innovation, E-SPT, Taxpayers, Awareness of Paying Taxes
COMPLIANCE IN PAYING TAX PERSPECTIVE TAXPAYER ATTRIBUTES AND SANCTIONS
Authors: Mafaza Suci 
Published: January 2023

Awareness of paying taxes is the result of many factors, ranging from knowledge about taxes to the benefits of taxes received. Therefore, the government needs to make more efforts to win the hearts of the people so that awareness of paying taxes increases. Several things that need to be done are about how to motivate through friendly and pleasant tax services, to imposing sanctions on taxpayers who are clearly absent. The purpose of this research is to look at some of the internal and external factors that may influence the awareness of paying taxes. This study applies quantitative techniques with numerical data as a basis for drawing conclusions. The research data were processed using moderating-based regression statistical techniques. The research sample is 100 respondents, who are taxpayers in the South Jakarta area. The sampling technique was carried out by simple random sampling by distributing questionnaires. The results of the study state that awareness of paying taxes is a condition in which taxpayers are aware of their role in contributing to national development through taxes. Therefore, emotional factors such as providing motivation and tax services are one of the stimuli that strengthen awareness of paying taxes. Likewise with sanctions, sometimes some people feel reluctant to pay taxes, so imposing sanctions is an effective thing to do.Keywords: Taxpayers, Tax Awareness, Desire to Pay Taxes, Services and Sanctions, National Development, Financial Conditions
Correlation between Tinnitus Handicap Inventory Correlation between Tinnitus Handicap Inventory
Authors: Purnami Nyilo , Tiarini Sofia , Probosutejo Nico , Utomo Budi , Cahyani Makhmudyah Indri 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTBackground: Complaints of tinnitus sufferers are generally subjective, while there is no objective examination in establishing the diagnosis of tinnitus so far, so that a questionnaire is needed to help establish it. The limitations of objectively assessing tinnitus have led to self-report questionnaires as the best option for evaluating tinnitus symptoms and measuring the extent to which quality of life is negatively impacted. Objective: to compare the scores between the Indonesian Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and the Indonesian version of the 12-item Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire (TPFQ). Method: A descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional design, where both variables were observed at the same time. This research was conducted at the Neurotology Outpatient Unit (URJ) RSUD Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya from September 2019 to April 2020. Result: A total of 29 tinnitus patients who met the criteria were divided by age, gender, degree of hearing loss, THI score, THI severity, and TPFQ score. Conclusion: The results of the correlation test between the degree of hearing loss with THI-Indonesia and the degree of hearing loss with the Indonesian 12-item TPFQ showed no difference in the results, namely both were not correlated, so the Indonesian 12-items TPFQ was valid and reliable, and it could be used to shorten the assessment time of tinnitus sufferers in hectic outpatient clinics. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Keluhan penderita tinitus umumnya bersifat subyektif, sedangkan sampai saat ini belum ada sarana pemeriksaan obyektif dalam menegakkan diagnosis tinitus, maka diperlukan kuesioner untuk membantu. Keterbatasan menilai tinitus secara obyektif telah menjadikan kuesioner mandiri (self-report) sebagai pilihan terbaik untuk mengevaluasi gejala tinitus dan mengukur sejauh mana kualitas hidup terkena dampak negatif. Tujuan: membandingkan skor antara Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) Indonesia dengan Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire (TPFQ) 12-item versi Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang, dimana kedua variabel diamati dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Unit Rawat Jalan (URJ) Neurotologi RSUD Dr. Soetomo pada bulan September 2019 sampai dengan April 2020. Hasil: Sebanyak 29 pasien tinitus yang memenuhi kriteria dibagi berdasarkan kategori usia, jenis kelamin, derajat gangguan pendengaran, skor THI, derajat keparahan THI, dan skor TPFQ. Kesimpulan: Hasil uji korelasi antara derajat gangguan pendengaran dengan THI-Indonesia maupun derajat gangguan pendengaran dengan TPFQ 12-item Indonesia menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan hasil, yaitu sama-sama tidak berkorelasi, sehingga TPFQ 12-item Indonesia adalah valid dan handal dapat digunakan untuk mempersingkat penilaian penderita tinitus di klinik rawat jalan yang sibuk