bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on condensation and acoustic characteristics of steam underwater injection
Authors: Li Yong , Li Hui , Zhang Yonghao , Li Dongyang , Tan Sichao 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Bubbling deaeration is widely applied in marine steam power system, and direct contact condensation (DCC) of steam injected into water under low sub-cooled water is the thermodynamic foundation of this technology. The deaeration process involves complex thermal and hydraulic behaviors, such as violent turbulence, interfacial mass transfer, and multiphase flow etc., which induce significant pressure fluctuation and radiated noise. In this paper, the two-phase flow regimes and acoustic characteristics of DCC of steam injected into water were studied for sub-cooled temperature ranging from 3℃ to 17℃.Methods: Using high-speed camera to capture the dynamic plume shape, four typical plumes are found: external chug with encapsulating bubble, oscillating bubble jet, conical and cylindrical jet and cap jet; The underwater acoustic signal is measured synchronously, and the acoustic spectrum is obtained by Fast Fourier transform (FFT).Results and Discussion: Combined with the plume image, the component sources of the acoustic signal are analyzed. It is found that the first dominant frequency and the second dominant frequency of the acoustic are caused by the evolution of the jet main steam zone and the downstream large steam column respectively; By analyzing the influence of injection parameters on acoustic signal, it is found that steam flow and sub-cooled temperatures have a great influence on acoustic root mean square value and spectrum characteristics. With the decrease of sub-cooled temperature, the main frequency of injection noise signal gradually moves to low frequency. Low frequency noise dominates the radiated noise when the flow field approaches the saturation temperature.
Comprehensive genomic profiling of upper tract urothelial carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder identifies distinct molecular characterizations with potential implications for targeted therapy & immunotherapy
Authors: Tang Qi , Zuo Wei , Wan Chong , Xiong Shengwei , Xu Chunru , Yuan Changwei , Sun Qiangqiang , Zhou Liqun , Li Xuesong 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundsDespite the genomic landscape of urothelial carcinomas (UC) patients, especially those with UC of bladder (UCB), has been comprehensively delineated and associated with pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment preferences, the genomic characterization of upper tract UC (UTUC) has yet to be fully elucidated.Materials and methodsA total of 131 Chinese UTUC (74 renal pelvis &amp; 57 ureter) and 118 UCB patients were enrolled in the present study, and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 618 cancer-associated genes were conducted to exhibit the profile of somatic and germline alterations. The COSMIC database, including 30 mutational signatures, were utilized to evaluate the mutational spectrums. Moreover, TCGA-UCB, MSKCC-UCB, and MSKCC-UTUC datasets were retrieved for preforming genomic alterations (GAs) comparison analysis between Western and Chinese UC patients.ResultsIn our cohort, 93.98% and 56.63% of UC patients were identified with oncogenic and actionable somatic alterations, respectively. Meanwhile, 11.24% of Chinese UC patients (of 14.50% and 7.63% of UTUC and UCB cases, respectively) were identified to harbor a total of 32 pathogenic/likely-pathogenic germline variants in 22 genes, with DNA damage repair (DDR)-associated BRCA1 (1.20%) and CHEK2 (1.20%) being the most prevalent. Chinese UTUC and UCB patients possessed distinct somatic genomic characteristics, especially with significantly different prevalence in KMT2D/C/A, GNAQ, ERCC2, RB1, and PPM1D. In addition, we also found notable differences in the prevalence of ELF3, TP53, PMS2, and FAT4 between renal pelvis and ureter carcinomas. Moreover, 22.90% and 33.90% of UTUC and UCB patients, respectively, had at least one deleterious/likely deleterious alteration in DDR related genes/pathways. Subsequently, mutational signature analysis revealed that UC patients with mutational signature 22, irrespective of UTUC or UCB, consistently had the markedly higher level of tumor mutational burden (TMB), which was proved to be positively correlated with the objective complete/partial response rate in the IMvigor210 cohort. By comparison, Chinese and Western UTUC patients also differed regrading GAs in oncogenic-related genes/pathways, especially in TP53, RTK/RAS, and PI3K pathways; besides, more alterations in WNT pathway but less TP53, RTK/RAS, HIPPO, and PI3K pathways were identified in Chinese UCB.DiscussionsThe in-depth analysis of genomic mutational landscapes revealed distinct pathogenetic mechanisms between Chinese UTUC and UCB, and specific genomic characterizations could identify high risk population of UTUC/UCB and provided information regarding the selection of alternative therapeutic regimens.
Immunotherapy in cervical cancer: From the view of scientometric analysis and clinical trials
Authors: Xing Yang , Yasinjan Feroza , Du Yajie , Geng Huayue , Zhang Ying , He Minghua , Guo Rui , Yang Lei , Cui Jiayue , Mu Dongmei , Liu Ziling , Wang Hong 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundCervical cancer is the fourth most cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Current treatment for patients with advanced cervical cancer is limited. And in the urgent demand for novel effective therapies both as the first and the second line treatment for these patients, immunotherapy is developing fast and has made some achievements.MethodsThis study incorporated 1,255 topic-related articles and reviews from 1999 to 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The WoS platform, Citespace, and VOS viewer provided the annual distribution of publications and citations, the analysis of researching countries and institutions, references, keywords (co-occurrence analysis, burst analysis, and timeline view analysis), and researching authors, respectively. For clinical trials, 720 trials and 114 trials from ClinicalTrials.gov and ICTRP were retrieved, respectively. And 296 trials were finally incorporated into the analysis.ResultsThe scientometric analysis showed that the study of immunotherapies in cervical cancer developed fast in recent years. Most publications were from the United States, followed by China. Seven of the top 10 co-cited references belong to clinical trials, and five of them were published in recent five years. There are lots of clinical trials us specific treatment patterns, some of which have represented excellent effects.ConclusionsBoth the scientometric analysis of the 1,255 publications and the analysis of clinical trials showed that the field of immunotherapies in cervical cancer developed so fast in recent years. It was found that a lot of clinical trials using various immunotherapies (mainly vaccine therapy, adoptive cell therapy, immune checkpoint blockade, and antibody-drug conjugate) for advanced cervical cancer are currently ongoing or have represented considerable effect. Centered in immunotherapies, immune checkpoint blockades have represented great efficacy and huge potential, especially combined with other therapies such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and other immunotherapies.
Effect of DIN and DON sources on the nitrogen uptake of the seagrass Zostera japonica and the macroalgae Ulva pertusa previously grown in different light levels
Authors: Han Qiuying , Qiu Chongyu , Zeng Wenxuan , Chen Yu , Zhao Muqiu , Shi Yunfeng , Zheng Fengying 
Published: February 2023

This study quantified the absorption ability of the seagrass Zostera japonica and the macroalgae Ulva pertusa for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) (ammonium and nitrate) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) (urea and glycine) under different light conditions. The plants were cultured in filtered seawater (31‰, 25°C) for 2 weeks under three light levels. Macroalgae and the above- and belowground parts of seagrasses were separately placed into four different manmade seawater solutions with DIN (ammonium and nitrate) and DON (urea and glycine) stable isotopes for 1 h. The results showed that macroalgae had higher absorption rates for ammonium and nitrate after higher light (14.67 ± 2.50 and 1.29 ± 0.16 mg−1 dry weight (DW) h−1) than after lower light (4.52 ± 0.95 and 0.18 ± 0.12 mg−1 DW h−1) treatments. Compared to the belowground seagrass portions that had previously been grown in high and low light conditions, the seagrass leaves assimilated ammonium more quickly. Z. japonica preferred glycine to nitrate and urea after the high- and low-light treatments; that is, the absorption rates of the belowground seagrass parts for glycine were 14.71 ± 1.85 and 6.38 ± 0.52 mg−1 DW h−1 after the high- and low-light treatments, respectively, which were higher than those of ammonium, nitrate, and urea. The absorption rates of algae were lower than those for ammonium previously grown under medium- and low-light treatments. These results indicate that light reduction can impact the assimilation of DIN by Z. japonica and U. pertusa, and both have the ability to directly assimilate DON. This study provides information that could help reduce the negative effects of eutrophication on macroalgae and seagrasses in order to protect seagrass meadows.
Local and systemic immune responses induced by intranasal immunization with biomineralized foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particles
Authors: Li Shuo , Zhao Ruichong , Song Hetao , Pan Songjia , Zhang Yun , Dong Hu , Bai Manyuan , Sun Shiqi , Guo Huichen , Yin Shuanghui 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionFoot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infects the host by invading mucosal epithelial cells of the respiratory or digestive tract. Therefore, establishing a specific antiviral mucosal immune barrier can effectively block viral invasion.MethodsWe evaluated local mucosal and systemic immune responses elicited by intranasal immunization of mice with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) calcium phosphate mineralized virus-like particles (CaP-VLPs) and tested whether three commercial mucosal adjuvants enhanced the immunogenicity of the antigen. The biosafety of the vaccine was verified through gross observation and pathological analysis of the lungs.ResultsCaP-VLPs effectively induced secretion of IgA (sIgA) from multiple sites in mouse mucosa and produced anti-FMD-specific IgG in the serum. Splenic lymphocytes specifically proliferated and secreted IFN-γ following antigen stimulation, indicating the vaccine can induce a certain level of cellular immune response. Finally, the pathological examination confirmed that CaP-VLPs did not cause substantial damage to the lungs of animals after immunization via mucosal administration. Notably, the vaccine mixed with S adjuvant increased the content of sIgA and serum IgG, and the high level of IgG in serum was maintained at least 7 weeks.DiscussionOverall, this study reveals that FMD CaP-VLPs can induce good local mucosal immune and systemic immune response through intranasal immunization, and the immune response was specifically enhanced by S adjuvant. These data support that CaP-VLPs-S as a candidate mucosal vaccine for the prevention of FMD vaccine infection.
Double osseous flaps for simultaneous midfacial and mandible reconstruction: Automation in surgical complexity within an entirely computerized workflow
Authors: Tel Alessandro , Bagatto Daniele , Sembronio Salvatore , Ferrari Silvano , Robiony Massimo 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionBroad maxillofacial surgical resections involving both the midface and the mandible represent a challenge in terms of reconstruction. Although several papers have explored the possibility of simultaneously using two microsurgical flaps, reports on the implementation of a dual osseous flap strategy are limited, and mainly addressed to static anatomical reconstruction, regardless of functional implications. In particular, there is a lack in the literature of a unifying protocol which illustrates how technology including virtual planning, statistical shape modeling, virtual occlusion, 3D-printing and patient-specific implants can address the functional and accuracy needs required for an optimal reconstruction.Materials and methodsIn this paper, the Authors present their preliminary experience in a two-center study, showing how broad maxillofacial defects, requiring a simultaneous reconstruction in both the mandible and the midface, can be successfully reconstructed using the combination of two osseous flaps in an automated sequence in which all steps are anticipately defined in a virtual plan, accounting for the optimal alignment of temporomandibular joint, predicting the final occlusion and defining a mandibular shape according to a statistical shape model.ResultsAverage RMSE for the iliac bone crest flap was of 3.2 ± 0.36 mm; for the fibula flap, RMSE value was of 2.3 ± 0.65 mm, for patient-specific implants, for mandibular prostheses the average RMSE was 2.46 mm with 0.76 mm standard deviation. Temporomandibular joint function increased when a TMJ prosthesis was placed.ConclusionsDouble bone free flap is a valuable resource to reconstruct wide defects that simultaneously involve two thirds of the cranio-maxillo-facial skeleton, but a careful virtual planning study should be always performed before approaching this surgical option.
Charring-induced morphological changes of Chinese “Five Grains”: An experimental study
Authors: Liu Yang , Xi Yang , Zhang Fei , Wang Zhenzhen , Wang Can , Yu Shiyong , Chen Xuexiang 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionCharring process affects the preservation potential of seeds, resulting in limited perceptions of crop assemblages recovered from archaeological layers. Therefore, the specifics of the charring process deserve further investigation. Colloquially referred to as the “Five Grains” (五谷), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), foxtail millet (Setaria italica), broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), rice (Oryza sativa), and soybean (Glycine max) represent a set of four major cultivated cereals and a pulse constituting crucial staple food in Chinese history and the most frequently discovered crops at archaeological sites in ChinaMethodsThis paper aims to understand the changes in size, volume, and weight loss of grains under variable aerobic charring conditions. The size and weight were measured for the untreated specimens and the specimens heated at different temperatures and over different time-periods.ResultsWe found that temperature and exposure time directly affected the grain size. Specifically, the grains of most species shrank at lower temperatures and expanded rapidly at higher temperatures.DiscussionAmong the “Five Grains”, soybean was the type least affected by charring, followed by wheat, rice, and millet. Volume and weight can be used as conversion factors to minimize the bias in quantitative representation due to varied charring preservation potential. For rice, wheat and soybean, the variation in volume is smaller. For millet, both volume and weight can be used as the control to understand the consequences of charring for the assemblage. Further experiments and comparisons of ancient samples are needed in future studies to investigate other factors that affect the preservation of charred plant remains.
How do anxiety and stress impact the performance of Chinese doctoral students through self-regulated learning?—A multi-group analysis
Authors: Li Zhen , Huang Jinyan , Hussain Shahbaz , Shu Tiantian 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionHighly accomplished doctoral students may suffer when they cannot manage their performance due to the crippling effects of anxiety and stress. This is even more likely to occur in the highly charged setting of competitive research. Using a structural equation modeling approach, this study examined how anxiety and stress impact the performance of Chinese doctoral students through self-regulated learning.MethodsA total of 491 doctoral students and recent completers representing 112 universities in China participated in this study. A 42-item five-point Likert scale survey was used to measure participants’ perceived anxiety (emotional and physical reactions), stress (study- and research-related stress), self-regulated learning, and performance (task and contextual performance) in their doctoral studies. Specifically, the extent to which participants’ self-regulated learning mediated the influence of anxiety and stress on their task performance and contextual performance in their doctoral studies, as well as significant structural equation modeling differences across demographic variables of gender (i.e., male versus female), major (i.e., arts versus sciences), status (i.e., individuals pursuing a doctoral degree versus recent completers), and age (i.e., 30 and younger versus over 30) were examined.Results and DiscussionThe results indicated that self-regulated learning considerably affected task and contextual performance; stress had a considerable direct effect on task and contextual performance; the indirect influence of stress on task and contextual performance via self-regulated learning was significant; and there was a significant structural equation modeling difference between arts and sciences doctoral students. Educational implications are discussed.
Selamento dentinário imediato: revisão de literatura
Authors: Júnior Marcos José de Oliveira , Limeira Pedro Gabriel Tavares , Bezerra Pâmela Tayná Matias , Rodrigues Sandryelle de Andrade , Leite Thiago Bezerra 
Published: February 2023

O preparo para restaurações indiretas, por serem extensas, expõe grande quantidade de dentina, sendo necessário um adequado selamento da interface dente-restauração, conseguida por meio do uso de adesivos. O princípio de uma adesão de qualidade é obter uma camada de interface ou interdifusão, conhecida por camada híbrida, entre o material adesivo e a dentina, o que é um desafio para dentística restauradora. A técnica do Selamento Dentinário Imediato aparece com a finalidade de reduzir as consequentes falhas durante o processo de hibridização, com vantagens tanto em relação a resistência de união e a formação de lacunas, quanto à sensibilidade pós-operatória. O obetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar, a partir de uma revisão de literatura, a efetividade da técnica de selamento dentinário imediato, bem com suas vantagens e limitações. Como método, esse trabalho foi realizado a partir de uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, com busca nas bases de dados PUBMED e SCIELO, utilizando artigos apenas na língua inglesa, indexados pelo Qualis acima de B2, publicados no período de 2000 a 2021, utilizando os descritores: “immediate dentin sealing”, “resin coating technique” e “prehybridization”. Recomendado por melhorar o processo de adesão em processo restaurador indireto, do qual reduz de contaminação, sensibilidade pós operatória, auxilia na manutenção da resistência de união e redução de fraturas. Sendo contraindicado em casos de exposições superficiais de dentina.
Responsabilidade social das empresas: o compromisso social do sistema OCEMG
Authors: Da Silva Larissa Reis , Brito Letícia Rodrigues , De Souza Iracema Caproni 
Published: February 2023

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo averiguar de que maneira as cooperativas prestam por meio de suas atividades uma atuação com responsabilidade social empresarial. Nesse propósito, utilizou como fonte de suas análises os resultados obtidos nas prestações de contas da Organização das Cooperativas do Estado de Minas Gerais, Sistema Ocemg. A metodologia escolhida foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva com abordagem quantitativa por meio de dados dos Relatórios Anuais do Sistema Ocemg no período de 2017 a 2021. Buscou-se nesse sentido, responder a seguinte questão: as informações prestadas demonstram que as cooperativas colocam em prática as exigências da responsabilidade social empresarial? Ao final, conclui-se que as atividades do Sistema Ocemg avançam para uma gestão de responsabilidade social, com foco não apenas nos seus cooperados, mas na comunidade do entorno, com ações de valores socialmente responsáveis para toda a sociedade.
Experiences of Sexual Violence during Childhood: Becoming Survived and Recovery Institution
Authors: Iskandar Livia 
Published: February 2023

WHO stated that “One in Three” women have experienced physical or sexual trauma globally (WHO, 2013). Statistics show that girls and women are not safer in their own homes as perpetrators are usually their intimate others or family members (Indonesian National Commission Anti Violence Against Women, 2015). Sexual violence experienced during childhood years/stage of development is likely to leave traumatic scars into adulthood if left untreated. Research in the US and Australia had indicated that survivors of sexual violence during childhood years are more susceptible to revictimization of other gender-based violence in later stage of their lives. Survivors of sexual violence are usually reluctant to report thus living silently with their trauma for years or even decades. Incest survivors found it especially hard to report their traumatic incidents because their perpetrators are family members or those familiar or with easy access around the family house/area. Research also indicated that sexual coercion showed the most negative impact compared to other traumatic coercions. Clinical and counseling psychologists with human rights perspectives need to be available to provide professional services to prevent further life trauma to survivors of sexual violence. Family therapy or a systemic approach should be an option to also provide a supportive environment as well to manage stigma from the family or from society attached to those with history of sexual violence. Services need to be strengthened, which also include interventions for perpetrators of sexual violence.
An Analysis of Modulation Technique in the Translation of Bumi Manusia Novel into this earth of Mankind
Authors: Yahya Mohammad , Aullianisa Fatiha Syifa , Gandana Nugraha Danny 
Published: February 2023

The translation is concerned with the equivalence between the source text and target text. Achieving the equivalence is challenging due to the differences in terms of grammar, culture, and pragmatics. One technique to meet the aspect of naturalness is by using modulation techniques. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the types of modulation used in translating the Indonesian novel “Bumi Manusia” into English “This Earth of Mankind” and compare the use of obligatory and optional in the application of modulation. The method used in this study was a qualitative one that applied modulation techniques in analyzing 80 data found in the novels. The results show that the type commonly found is active for passive with 38 cases (47.5%). The application of optional modulation is 68 times (85%) and obligatory modulation is 12 times (15%).
The Use of Authentic Materials Toward Students' Critical Thinking Skill
Authors: Sulyaningsih Iis 
Published: February 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the use of ‘authentic materials’ in reading to promote students’ critical thinking. Critical thinking ability becomes important since it includes analyzing problems, making decisions, and solving problems that will affect daily life attitudes. A qualitative method was applied in this research: the data were analyzed, referring to critical reading questions and text analysis framework by Robert McGregor (2001). The results show that students’ thinking skill level is analyzed by referring to the stages of Critical Thinking Rubric and Bloom’s Taxonomy. This study discovered that authentic materials can be used as effective teaching materials to promote students’ critical thinking abilities. However, the students’ thinking ability was in the comprehension stage. This implies that the use of authentic materials should also be supported by other aspects such as; suitable chosen texts and appropriate teaching methods.