bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Home stimulation, development, and nutritional status of children under 2 years of age in the highlands of Madagascar
Authors: Rakotomanana Hasina , Hildebrand Deana , Gates Gail E. , Thomas David G. , Fawbush Fanjaniaina , Stoecker Barbara J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Vakinankaratra region of Madagascar has a high burden of child undernutrition which, in addition to poor psychosocial stimulation, is a strong risk factor of poor child development. However, there are limited studies evaluating the relations between developmental deficits, child nutrition outcomes, and home stimulation in the region. The purpose of this study was to assess the development of children aged 11–13 months in relation to their nutritional status and to examine parental home stimulation attitudes and practices in the Vakinankaratra region.MethodsCognitive (n = 36), language (n = 36), motor (n = 36), and socioemotional (n = 76) development were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III. Household stimulation environment was evaluated using the family care indicators survey. Stunting (length-for-agez-score < − 2) and underweight (weight-for-agez-score < − 2) were determined using the 2006 WHO growth standards. Perceptions of and barriers to greater home stimulation for children were collected using focus group discussions among parents and in-depth interviews with community nutrition agents.ResultsAlmost all mothers reported that parent–child interaction with talk and play was very important. Alarmingly high stunting rates (> 69%) were observed in this subsample. Limited time and tiredness were the major barriers to home stimulation mentioned by parents and confirmed by key informants. Children had a very limited variety of play materials, and most of the mothers used household objects (75%) and materials from outside the house (71%) as children’s toys. Composite cognitive [mean (SD): 60 (10.3)], motor [61.9 (13.4)], language [62 (13.2)], and socioemotional [85.1 (17.9]) scores were low. Fine motor, cognitive, and receptive and expressive language scores were correlated [0.4 < r < 0.7,p < 0.05].ConclusionsThe very high stunting rates and very low performance on cognitive, motor, language, and socioemotional development assessments of children in the Vakinankaratra region require urgent attention.
Graph representation learning-based residential electricity behavior identification and energy management
Authors: Chen Xinpei , Yu Tao , Pan Zhenning , Wang Zihao , Yang Shengchun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is important to achieve an efficient home energy management system (HEMS) because of its role in promoting energy saving and emission reduction for end-users. Two critical issues in an efficient HEMS are identification of user behavior and energy management strategy. However, current HEMS methods usually assume perfect knowledge of user behavior or ignore the strong correlations of usage habits with different applications. This can lead to an insufficient description of behavior and suboptimal management strategy. To address these gaps, this paper proposes non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) assisted graph reinforcement learning (GRL) for intelligent HEMS decision making. First, a behavior correlation graph incorporating NILM is introduced to represent the energy consumption behavior of users and a multi-label classification model is used to monitor the loads. Thus, efficient identification of user behavior and description of state transition can be achieved. Second, based on the online updating of the behavior correlation graph, a GRL model is proposed to extract information contained in the graph. Thus, reliable strategy under uncertainty of environment and behavior is available. Finally, the experimental results on several datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Boomerang of bullet from the chest cavity—an autopsy case
Authors: Khan Mohd Kaleem , Kumar Jitendra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
What if you fire a bullet and, like a boomerang, it comes back towards you after hitting the target, leaving no trace in the body.

Case presentation
A similar case was presented to us for an autopsy at the district mortuary, Aligarh, with a bullet unusually ricocheting within the thoracic cavity and taking almost path of incidence after grazing over the 3rd rib and coming out just closure to the entry wound towards the musketeer. The presence of stippling at both the entrance and exit wounds poses a challenge to interpreting the track of the injury.

Conclusion
Thorough and detailed examination at autopsy and crime-scene investigation revealed a strange ricochet event within the chest cavity.
An optimizing technique for using MATLAB HDL coder
Authors: Kayed Somaya , Elsayed Ghada 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMathWorks has provided an invaluable tool for designing and implementing FPGAs. MATLAB HDL coder serves a dual purpose, providing a quick proof of concept on the one hand and providing the g an easy-to-use platform for testing and verification on the other. It has main drawbacks over these advantages; it generates a code that is not optimized for both area and frequency.ResultsIn this paper, we provide a technique for optimizing both area and frequency without losing the main advantages. The most affecting problem we found is loops. This paper classifies loop writing purposes into two types. The first one is preferable and introduces ease of writing a few lines instead of repeating the code. The second type is the problem that we intended to solve. Type II loop is appearing when the algorithm should perform these lines for several clock cycles. Writing it traditionally, force the synthesizer to implement all the repetitive clock cycles as repetitive hardware to be done in one clock cycle. This clock cycle is wide in time and is slow in frequency. This paper introduces an optimization technique for this problem. We compare before and after the implementation of our proposed technique.ConclusionsWe used Xilinx Spartan 6 XC6SLX4-2CPG196 FPGA. Our proposed technique improves the number of slice LUTs (Look Up Tables) requirement from 366 to 72%. The frequency improved from: 26.574 to 185.355 MHz. Based on that, we now recommend using MATLAB HDL coder in FPGA Design.
Validating field regeneration capacity for selected accessions of Gossypium hirsutum using callus induction and regeneration capacity
Authors: TAJO Sani Muhammad , PAN Zhaoe , HE Shoupu , JIA Yinhua , MAHMOOD Tahir , NAZIR Mian Fasil , HU Daowu , WANG Liru , SADAU Salisu Bello , IBRAHIM Sani , AUTA Umar , GENG Xiaoli , DU Xiongming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Gossypium hirsutum undergoes rapid clonal propagation to regenerate a mature plant through tissue culture. However, the correlation between cotton leaf regeneration, callus induction, and regeneration ability was still obscure. In this research, cotton leaf regeneration level for 21 accessions in the field (new leaves) was observed after the first harvest, and a comparison between field regeneration level and callus induction with its regeneration capacity (new shoots and roots) for the same 21 accessions was carried out. Agronomic traits, including plant height, leaf area, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, the number of flowers and bolls, and biochemical (proline content) and physiological (chlorophyll and carotenoid content) traits during the flowering stage of 21 upland cotton accessions, were investigated.

Result
A significant correlation between physiological parameters and callus induction was discovered. Callus induction and regeneration capacity of roots and shoots for hypocotyl, cotyledons, and shoot tip tissues were used to validate field leaf regeneration level after the first harvest. CCRI 24 showed significant leaf regeneration in the field and callus induction capacity through callus induction and regeneration.

Conclusion
We found a substantial relationship between field regeneration capability and callus induction with its regeneration capacity for the hypocotyl, cotyledons, and shoot tip. The results showed that ZS061, Lumian 378, Jimian 863, and ZS065 have the highest moisture retention capacity, while CCRI 24, Liaoyang Duomaomian, and Beizhe Gongshemian have the lowest moisture retention capacity. CCRI 24 has the highest leaf regeneration capacity in the field, while Beizhe Gongshemian has the lowest leaf regeneration capacity. All our result provides a clue for checking the regeneration capacity through leaf regeneration level in the field.
Mutational spectrum of the AP3B1 gene in an Iraqi family affected with Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome type 2
Authors: Neissi Mostafa , Al-Badran Adnan Issa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS2) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease present with partial oculocutaneous albinism, nystagmus, prolonged bleeding time, and immunodeficiency.

Case presentation
We aimed at identifying a genetic mutation in an Iraqi family affected by HPS type 2. Here, we applied whole-exome sequencing to identify mutations in the proband. Moreover, we applied Sanger sequencing to confirm the candidate variant. We found a homozygous novel single nucleotide substitution (c.892A > T) in the exon 8 of the AP3B1 gene in the proband.

Conclusion
This study is the first Iraqi case report of a diagnosis of HPS type 2 caused by AP3B1 mutation. Our data expand the spectrum of mutations in AP3B1 gene in HPS type 2 and highlight the importance of molecular prenatal evaluation and relevant genetic counseling.
Evaluation of diastolic dysfunction in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and its relationship with development of myocardial fibrosis
Authors: Deraz Salem Elsayed , Esmat Omar Deyaa , El-Hmid Rehab Galal Abd , Amin Sayed Ali 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may develop symptoms of shortness of breathing due to diastolic dysfunction which is not related to the severity of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. As these patients usually develop a non-ischemic pattern of myocardial fibrosis, this may represent a mechanism for increased myocardial stiffness leading to impaired diastolic filling. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of myocardial fibrosis assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and to evaluate its relationship with echocardiographic parameters including left ventricle diastolic dysfunction and to find echocardiographic indices which correlates with myocardial fibrosis as detected by cardiac magnetic resonance. A cross-sectional study was done for data of 50 children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from July 2018 to July 2021, patients were divided into (group 1) having myocardial fibrosis and (group 2) with no myocardial fibrosis, and results of echocardiographic parameters were compared between the two groups.

Results
Results showed strong relationship between presence of myocardial fibrosis and each of the following: Interventricular septum thickness, lower lateral and septal early diastolic tissue velocities (E′), E/E′ ratio, presence of left ventricular out flow tract obstruction and the grade of diastolic dysfunction.

Conclusions
The trans-mitral lateral and septal E/E′ (early mitral inflow to early diastolic mitral annular velocity ratio) allows early detection of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction is higher in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The diastolic dysfunction severity is higher in patients with myocardial fibrosis.
Nonmonetary Reward Systems, Counterproductive Behavior, and Responses to Sanctions in Open Collaboration Environments
Authors: Chambers Cassandra R. 
Published: June 2023

Nonmonetary reward systems that recognize high-quality contributions are a common feature of online communities. A growing body of work demonstrates positive links between nonmonetary rewards and increases in voluntary contributions, but negative externalities that may arise with these systems have received little attention. Concomitant performance pressures could incite counterproductive behaviors, and whether counterproductive behavior would be at the expense of productive contributions is unclear. Using proprietary data of members’ suspensions for counterproductive behavior in the online community, Stack Overflow, which enlists a nonmonetary reward system to sustain voluntary contributions, this study examines site members’ weekly movements through the system and their corresponding behaviors. I find being near a milestone reward threshold is associated with an increased likelihood of suspension for counterproductive behavior. However, members also increase productive contributions near the time of their suspensions, which may help offset their counterproductive behaviors. By contrast, formal suspensions for counterproductive behavior are associated with a reduction in post-suspension contributions. Jointly, these findings support the use of nonmonetary rewards systems to sustain voluntary contributions in online communities but offer a note of caution regarding the unintended consequences of enforcement. Funding: The author thanks the Stephen M. Ross School of Business for financial and institutional support. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.14548 .
Skeletal discrepancies. Part 1: assessment, aetiology, and management of low angle cases
Authors: Jopson Jenifer L , Haworth Jennifer A , Fowler Peter , Ireland Anthony J 
Published: June 2023

This is the first article in a three-part series considering skeletal discrepancies in the vertical and transverse dimensions. Discrepancies in the vertical dimension are a relatively common finding, presenting challenges for the orthodontist, in terms of treatment planning, management and relapse. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article aims to increase awareness of the assessment, aetiology and management of patients presenting with a reduced Frankfort/maxillary mandibular planes angle and reduced anterior lower face height commonly described as ‘low angle’.
Barriers and facilitators associated with the use of mental health services among immigrant students in high-income countries: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Dombou Christelle , Omonaiye Olumuyiwa , Fraser Sarah , Cénat Jude Mary , Fournier Karine , Yaya Sanni 
Published: June 2023

Background
Immigrant students face various challenges in high-income countries that can contribute to the decline of their mental well-being upon arrival in their host country. Despite the growing population of these students in several high-income countries, there is inadequate attention given to their mental health needs and their access to mental health services. Thus, this systematic scoping review aimed to identify gaps in existing research relating to the barriers and facilitators associated with access to and use of mental health services in high-income countries.

Methods
Following the PRISMA-ScR checklist as guidance we systematically searched Ovid Medline, APA PsycInfo, Education Source, CINAHL, Web of Science databases for peer reviewed articles related to barriers and facilitators of mental health service use among immigrant students. We conducted a narrative evidence synthesis to highlight barriers and facilitators to the use of mental health services.

Results
Out of the 2407 articles initially found, 47 studies met the inclusion criteria and were considered for this review. The increasing attention towards the mental health concerns of immigrant students and their access to mental health services is evident. However, various barriers like stigma, insufficient knowledge, or adherence to traditional gender roles (such as masculinity) hinder their utilization of these services. On the other hand, factors such as being a woman, having a strong sense of cultural adaptation, or possessing adequate mental health literacy serve as facilitators for accessing mental health services.

Conclusion
These students have unique experiences, and their needs are often unmet. To improve their mental health and use of mental health services, it is important to consider the barriers they face and their unique experience in their specific life context and to develop tailored prevention and intervention programs.
On left and right Browder elements in Banach algebra relative to a bounded homomorphism
Authors: Abdmouleh Faiçal , Khlif Hassen , Walha Ines 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The focus of this paper is to extend some stability results of the analysis of perturbed operators on the Banach space to the case of Fredholm perturbation theory in a Banach algebra relative to a bounded homomorphism. Our approach is to define some subsets in a Banach algebra to enrich the theory of perturbed left-right Browder and left-right Weyl elements in a Banach algebra relative to a bounded homomorphism.
Synthesis, characterization, and optimization of a quaternary nanocomposite for efficient electromagnetic absorption coating in the X-band
Authors: Momeni Ahmad , Ghadi Arezoo , Fazaeli Reza , Khavarpour Maryam 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study, a quaternary composite of graphite, polyaniline, cobalt ferrite, and thermoplastic polyurethane as a shielding material was prepared. The composite materials were analyzed with X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometer and thermogravimetric analysis. The electromagnetic characterization of the samples was achieved using a Vector Network Analyzer in the X-band. The composites’ conductivity was analyzed by using the four-point probe method. For the investigation of water absorption, the ASTM D570-98 Standard Method was used. Design-Expert software applied design optimization for broadband electromagnetic shielding of the composite film. Ultimately, we introduced a composite film as an efficient microwave absorbent that had a weight percentage of cobalt ferrite 6.95 %, polyaniline 20.04 %, graphite 12.13 %, and thermoplastic polyurethane 60.88 % in a thickness of 1.26 mm, which had shielding effectiveness higher than 30 dB, which was suitable for commercial purposes. The results showed that graphite played an essential role in increasing the composite’s electrical conductivity and thermal stability but was unsuitable for water absorption resistance.
Mechanical strength enhancement of natural fibre composites via localized hybridization with stitch reinforcement
Authors: Thanu Chithambara , Raj Fantin Irudaya , Appadurai  , Pushparaj Lurthu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Stress concentration is an unavoidable phenomenon during the fabrication of composite structures. This research focuses on reducing stress concentration. Circular holes made on the composite structural member induce stress-concentrated regions. These stress-concentrated regions around the circular hole (considered as a weak section) were strengthened by adding synthetic fibre (local hybridization) in the form of fibre stitches (locked loop stitch). Through conducting a single fibre pull-out test, the present study analysed the impact of incorporating synthetic fibres in stitch form and the enhancement of Interfacial Shear Strength (IFSS). The load acting on the broken warp fibres is distributed to the broken weft fibres when the number of concentric stitches increases. The increment of concentric stitches resulted in the increase of IFSS due to localized hybridization. The tensile test results also show a significant improvement with 110 Nmm axial fastening force, from 6.749 MPa (for the natural fibre composite) to 76.91 MPa (for locally hybridized with eight concentric stitches). A simple bolted lap joint with local hybridization around the hole has been evaluated for different clamp-up forces. The best combinations of the clamp-up force and the extent of hybridization have been identified. SEM images illustrate the reduced voids and the reduced fibre pull-out due to the local hybridization around delamination-prone areas.
Should Homeland Security Studies Survive?
Authors: Dahl Erik J. , Ramsay James D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA few years after the end of the Cold War, Richard Betts argued that a specter was haunting the field of strategic studies, “the specter of peace,” and asked whether that field should survive the new era. Today, more than two decades after the 9/11 attacks that stimulated the field of homeland security (HS) studies, we could ask a similar question about that field. Should it survive as an academic field of study, and if so, how should it adapt and change in an era in which concerns about terrorism have in large part been overtaken by great power competition, climate change, AI, pandemics and a host of other asymmetric threats? Is it/can it be an academic discipline? A profession? What questions does it ask and what contributions does it make to practitioners, policy makers, or society? This article reviews the state of HS studies today and what sub-fields and disciplines it touches. It examines HS publication and education in the United States and evaluates the contributions that HS studies have made to date. This review suggests homeland security studies should indeed survive, as a meta discipline that serves a valuable purpose by addressing the question of how governments and societies should best prepare for and respond to threats to their security that can range from local to global in scope, from small to large in scale, and from tame to wicked in character.
CeCr2Al20-type intermetallics – structure-property relationships
Authors: Pöttgen Rainer , Janka Oliver 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This review summarizes the synthetic aspects, the structural and crystal chemical peculiarities as well as the physical properties of the members of the CeCr2Al20 type family. Most of the known compounds were investigated in great detail with respect to their properties since the plethora of elemental combinations is an interesting playground for structure property investigations.
Influence of reduced centrifugation time on clinical chemistry analytes and literature review
Authors: Tantisaranon Piraya , Dumkengkhachornwong Kanyarat , Hnoonual Areerat 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Centrifugation is a time-consuming step which increases the turnaround time (TAT) in laboratories. A few studies have addressed the effect of altering centrifugation settings on analytical quality for clinical chemistry analytes, and most of these studies have used collection tubes with gel separators. However, gel separator tubes may be unsuitable for some laboratories because they are slightly more expensive than tubes without gel separators and are not appropriate for some special tests. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of centrifugation conditions on clinical chemistry analytes.

Methods
We compared centrifugation times of 7 min at 2,200×g and 5 min at 2,750×g with the manufacturer’s protocol of 10 min at 1,300×g as the reference condition. Twenty general chemistry analytes were studied in lithium heparin plasma tubes without gel separators.

Results
For all analytes except carbon dioxide (CO2), no significant differences in analyte results were observed when the centrifugation time was reduced. Deming regression and Bland–Altman plots demonstrated an acceptable clinical concordance within the limits of total allowable error for all analytes between the two rapid centrifugation conditions with the reference centrifugation condition.

Conclusions
Our results confirmed that alternate centrifugation conditions for either 7 min at 2,200×g or 5 min at 2,750×g of samples collected in lithium heparin tubes without gel are acceptable for clinical chemistry analytes. Our data support using centrifugation at higher speeds for shorter times to improve TAT without altering the quality of the analytical results.