bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The attitude of healthcare providers towards medication self‐management in hospitalized patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders
Authors: Loots Elke , Dilles Tinne , Hadouchi Sarah , Van Rompaey Bart , Morrens Manuel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMedication self‐management (MSM) is considered an important aspect of pharmacotherapy and plays an essential role in the treatment of various illnesses. To date, research into the willingness and attitude of psychiatric healthcare providers toward MSM in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders during hospitalization is lacking.AimThe aim of this study was to identify healthcare providers' willingness to MSM and assess their attitude, conditions, benefits, and ability toward it during hospitalization.MethodsA multicenter, quantitative cross‐sectional observational design was used to study psychiatric healthcare providers' attitude to MSM during hospitalization in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders.ResultsIn this study, 173 healthcare providers, of which 147 were nurses and 26 psychiatrists, participated. During hospitalization, 86% of the healthcare providers were willing to MSM. Regularly evaluating patients' ability regarding MSM during hospitalization was seen as an important condition (94%). Psychiatrists were significantly less convinced that MSM during hospitalization has a positive impact on adherence when compared to nurses (respectively 54% vs. 77%, p = .009).DiscussionMost healthcare providers indicated that they were willing to MSM in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders during hospitalization under specific conditions.
Loss of β‐catenin causes cementum hypoplasia by hampering cementogenic differentiation of Axin2‐expressing cells
Authors: Ma Rui , Xie Xudong , Xu Chunmei , Shi Peilei , Wu Yafei , Wang Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAlthough cementum plays an essential role in tooth attachment and adaptation to occlusal force, the regulatory mechanisms of cementogenesis remain largely unknown. We have previously reported that Axin2‐expressing (Axin2+) mesenchymal cells in periodontal ligament (PDL) are the main cell source for cementum growth, and constitutive activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in Axin2+ cells results in hypercementosis. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to further evaluate the effects of β‐catenin deletion in Axin2+ cells on cementogenesis.Materials and MethodsWe generated triple transgenic mice to conditionally delete β‐catenin in Axin2‐lineage cells by crossing Axin2CreERT2/+; R26RtdTomato/+ mice with β‐cateninflox/flox mice. Multiple approaches, including X‐ray analysis, micro‐CT, histological stainings, and immunostaining assays, were used to analyze cementum phenotypes and molecular mechanisms.ResultsOur data revealed that loss of β‐catenin in Axin2+ cells led to a cementum hypoplasia phenotype characterized by a sharp reduction in the formation of both acellular and cellular cementum. Mechanistically, we found that conditional removal of β‐catenin in Axin2+ cells severely impaired the secretion of cementum matrix proteins, for example, bone sialoprotein (BSP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and osteopontin (OPN), and markedly inhibited the differentiation of Axin2+ mesenchymal cells into osterix+ cementoblasts.ConclusionsOur findings confirm the vital role of Axin2+ mesenchymal PDL cells in cementum growth and demonstrate that Wnt/β‐catenin signaling shows a positive correlation with cementogenic differentiation of Axin2+ cells.
The trajectories and associations of insomnia symptoms with addictive behaviours in adolescents: A two‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Liu Yujie , Wang Rongxi , Gong Ruijie , Yu Yuelin , Xu Chen , Yu Xiaoyue , Chang Ruijie , Wang Suping , Hu Fan , Xiang Mi , Cai Yong 
Published: January 2023

SummaryInsomnia displays heterogeneous trajectories across adolescence, which may induce addictive behaviours, including internet gaming disorder and substance use. This study aimed to investigate the latent trajectory classes of insomnia symptoms over 2 years and to examine the associations between insomnia trajectories and these addictive behaviours. Participants were 910 adolescents from six middle schools in Shanghai, China (52.7% males; mean age = 13.17 years). The three‐wave survey measured insomnia symptoms, internet gaming disorder, substance use, depressive symptoms, and sociodemographic characteristics from 7th to 9th grade. Latent class growth modelling was performed to identify the latent trajectory classes of insomnia symptoms. Then multivariable logistic regressions were conducted within the best‐fitting latent class growth model to examine the associations of insomnia trajectories with internet gaming disorder and substance use. Two latent trajectory classes of insomnia symptoms were recognised: the non‐insomnia group (71.8%) and the insomnia group (28.2%). In the multivariable analysis controlling for baseline demographic variables and depressive symptoms, the insomnia group had a higher risk of developing internet gaming disorder (OR = 2.203 [95% CI: 1.258–3.858]) and substance use (OR = 2.215 [95% CI: 1.324–3.705]) compared with the non‐insomnia group. These findings add to a growing body of research on heterogeneous trajectories of insomnia symptoms during adolescence, suggesting that intervention strategies are needed to target the characteristics or developmental patterns of different insomnia subgroups. The ultimate goal is to mitigate the impact of insomnia symptoms on adolescent addictive behaviours.
Religiosity and Secular and Ascetic Deviance
Authors: Desmond Scott A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAccording to the antiascetic hypothesis, religiosity should be strongly related to behaviors that violate ascetic standards (getting drunk and using marijuana), but only weakly related to behaviors that violate social standards (violence and stealing). Using the second wave of the National Study of Youth and Religion, I tested the antiascetic hypothesis using a question about the most important basis for deciding what is morally right or wrong. Contrary to the antiascetic hypothesis, individuals who believe that God's law is the most important for deciding what is morally right or wrong, compared to those who believe that society is the most important, are not less likely to get drunk or use marijuana. Furthermore, for getting drunk and marijuana use, differences in behavior are not the result of different ethical standards (ascetic or social), but rather differences in the willingness to uphold those standards (is it OK to break moral rules).
Model‐free portfolio theory: A rough path approach
Authors: Allan Andrew L. , Cuchiero Christa , Liu Chong , Prömel David J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBased on a rough path foundation, we develop a model‐free approach to stochastic portfolio theory (SPT). Our approach allows to handle significantly more general portfolios compared to previous model‐free approaches based on Föllmer integration. Without the assumption of any underlying probabilistic model, we prove a pathwise formula for the relative wealth process, which reduces in the special case of functionally generated portfolios to a pathwise version of the so‐called master formula of classical SPT. We show that the appropriately scaled asymptotic growth rate of a far reaching generalization of Cover's universal portfolio based on controlled paths coincides with that of the best retrospectively chosen portfolio within this class. We provide several novel results concerning rough integration, and highlight the advantages of the rough path approach by showing that (nonfunctionally generated) log‐optimal portfolios in an ergodic Itô diffusion setting have the same asymptotic growth rate as Cover's universal portfolio and the best retrospectively chosen one.
A Novel Molecule 3‐(1′‐Methyltetrahydropyridinyl)‐2,4‐6‐Trihydroxy Acetophenone Alleviates Ultraviolet‐B‐Induced Photoaging in Human Dermal Fibroblasts and BALB/c Mice
Authors: Naikoo Shahid H. , Rashid Haroon , Gupta Ragni , Sharma Raghu Rai , Kumar Sanjay , Ahmad Riyaz , Gudup Satish , Singh Parvinder P. , Abdullah Sheikh Tasduq 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUltraviolet radiation (UVR) is the major exogenous agent that disturbs tissue homeostasis and hastens the onset of age‐related phenotypes (photoaging). Exposure to UV‐B radiation promotes apoptosis in human skin cells via induction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)‐mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress by activating the PERK‐eIF2α‐CHOP pathway, which plays a major role in exacerbating skin photoaging. Alleviating the production of ROS and boosting the antioxidant capacity of cells is the foremost therapeutic strategy to avert the repercussions of ultraviolet radiation exposure. In this study, we investigated the role of 3‐(1′‐methyltetrahydropyridinyl)‐2,4‐6‐trihydroxy acetophenone (IIIM‐8) in thwarting the UV‐B‐induced photoaging. We observed that IIIM‐8 ameliorates UV‐B‐induced oxidative stress, ER stress, Loss of Mitochondrial membrane potential, MAPK activation and Inflammation in irradiated skin cells. Ultraviolet radiation‐related damage to fibroblasts within the dermis leads to collagen degradation‐the hallmark of photoaging. IIIM‐8 substantially restored the synthesis of collagen and prevented its degradation via the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases. Topical application of IIIM‐8 prevented BALB/c mice skin from UV‐B‐induced leukocyte infiltration, epidermal thickening and disruption of Extracellular matrix components. Implying that IIIM‐8 has a strong photoprotective property and has potential to be developed as a topical therapeutic/cosmeceutical agent against UV‐B‐induced photoaging.
Identification of expansin genes as promoting or repressing factors for leaf elongation in tall fescue
Authors: Fan Ningli , Xu Qian , Yang Zhimin , Zhuang Lili , Yu Jingjin , Huang Bingru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExpansins are cell‐wall loosening proteins involved in plant cell expansion and elongation. Objectives of this study were to identify expansins related to leaf elongation in a perennial grass species and determine the relationship between the expression of expansin genes and leaf elongation. A total of 20 expansin genes were identified in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), out of which nine genes belonged to the EXPA‐ and 11 to the EXPB subfamily. Two genotypes (“TF007” and “TF116”) with different growth rates were used to determine the correlation between expansins and leaf growth. Among the 20 expansins, 16 were differentially expressed in the leaf growth zone in “TF007” and “TF116.” The further analysis of gene expression in different leaf segments of “TF007” and “TF116” revealed that the expression level of FaEXPB16 was positively correlated with leaf elongation rate, and “TF007” had a higher leaf elongation rate than “TF116” due to the greater expression level of FaEXPB16. FaEXPA7 exhibited significantly higher expression level in leaves of the rapid‐growing genotypes than the slow‐growing genotypes, suggesting that FaEXPA7 acts as a positive regulator for leaf elongation. FaEXPA7 also exhibited its highest expression level in the cell division zone located in the leaf base. FaEXPB3, FaEXPB4‐2, and FaEXPB11‐2 showed a negative correlation with the leaf elongation rate in “TF007” and “TF116” and were highly expressed in leaves of the slow‐growing genotypes. As promoting or repressing factors for leaf growth, these five expansins could be used as candidate genes in developing the rapid or slow‐growing perennial grass species.
Framework for multirisk climate scenarios across system receptors with application to the Metropolitan City of Venice
Authors: Sambo Beatrice , Bonato Marta , Sperotto Anna , Torresan Silvia , Furlan Elisa , Lambert James H. , Linkov Igor , Critto Andrea 
Published: January 2023

AbstractClimate change influences the frequency of extreme events that affect both human and natural systems. It requires systemic climate change adaptation to address the complexity of risks across multiple domains and tackle the uncertainties of future scenarios. This paper introduces a multirisk analysis of climate hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and risk severity, specifically designed to hotspot geographic locations and prioritize system receptors that are affected by climate‐related extremes. The analysis is demonstrated for the Metropolitan City of Venice. Representative scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) of climate threats (i.e., storm surges, pluvial flood, heat waves, and drought) are selected and represented by projections of Regional Climate Models for a 30‐year period (2021–2050). A sample of results is as follows. First, an increase in the risk is largely due to drought, pluvial flood, and storm surge, depending on the areas of interest, with the overall situation worsening under the RCP8.5 scenario. Second, particular locations have colocated vulnerable receptors at higher risk, concentrated in the urban centers (e.g., housing, railways, roads) and along the coast (e.g., beaches, wetlands, primary sector). Third, risk communication of potential environmental and socio‐economic losses via the multirisk maps is useful to stakeholders and public administration. Fourth, the multirisk maps recommend priorities for future investigation and risk management, such as collection of sensor data, elaboration of mitigations, and adaptation plans at hotspot locations.
Building coalitions in a nascent subsystem: Investigating beliefs and policy preferences in Ugandan pesticide policy
Authors: Wiedemann Ruth , Ingold Karin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany political actors lack the power or competencies to impact policy outputs and outcomes on their own. This is why they join forces to multiply their impact. Following the advocacy coalition framework, they do so based on joint beliefs and shared policy preferences. Therefore, to understand cooperation or conflict among political actors, including the potential for policy compromises or stalemates, it seems crucial to know the allies and opponents in a political subsystem. Although many studies have investigated advocacy coalitions of like‐minded actors in various political subsystems and policy fields around the globe, not much is known about the dynamics at the origin of joint belief or common preference building. In this context, we ask: How and when do actors develop similar beliefs and joint policy preferences with others in a political subsystem? To answer this question, we investigate the early stage of policy making—a so‐called nascent subsystem—when a new issue arrives on the political agenda. We argue that it is at this stage that actors start developing joint beliefs and identifying their allies. We use expert interviews and survey data to investigate pesticide regulation, a new topic on Uganda's political agenda. We conducted a three‐step approach and selected the types of beliefs and preferences that mattered in a nascent policy setting. We then presented an extensive list of possible regulatory instruments to the stakeholders and selected those evaluated as the most relevant or conflictive. Based on this selection, we calculated belief and preference similarity and clustering to identify groups of like‐minded actors. Finally, via regression analysis, we show that joint beliefs are the result of either trust or a similar problem perception, depending on whether the actor is part of a more or less developed belief cluster.
Validation of the Fertility Norms Scale and Association with Fertility Intention and Contraceptive Use in India
Authors: Bhan Nandita , Johns Nicole E. , Chatterji Sangeeta , Thomas Edwin E. , Rao Namratha , Ghule Mohan , Lundgren Rebecka , Raj Anita 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSocial norms related to fertility may be driving pregnancy desire, timing and contraceptive use, but measurement has lagged. We validated a 10‐item injunctive Fertility Norms Scale (FNS) and examined its associations with family planning outcomes among 1021 women and 1020 men in India. FNS captured expectations around pronatalism, childbearing early in marriage and community pressure. We assessed reliability and construct validity through Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) respectively, examining associations with childbearing intention and contraceptive use. FNS demonstrated good reliability (α = 0.65–0.71) and differing sub‐constructs by gender. High fertility norm among women was associated with greater likelihood of pregnancy intention [RRR = 2.35 (95% CI: 1.25,4.39); ARRR = 1.53 (95% CI: 0.70,3.30)], lower likelihood of delaying pregnancy [RRR = 0.69 (95% CI: 0.50,0.96); ARRR = 0.72 (95% CI: 0.51,1.02)] and greater ambivalence on delaying pregnancy [RRR = 1.92 (95% CI: 1.18,3.14); ARRR = 1.99 (95% CI: 1.21,3.28)]. Women's higher FNS scores were also associated with higher sterilization [RRR = 2.17 (95% CI: 1.28,3.66); ARRR = 2.24 (95% CI: 1.32,3.83)], but the reverse was noted for men [RRR = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.36,1.04); ARRR = 0.54 (95% CI: 0.32,0.94)]. FNS indicated better predictive value among women compared to men for key reproductive outcomes. This measure may be useful for social norms‐focused evaluations in family planning and warrants cross‐contextual study.
Why Research and Teach Early Modern Women Philosophers?
Authors: Sample Hope 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper makes explicit some issues of gender that have been implicitly raised in recent discussions concerning the recovery of European women's contributions to the history of seventeenth‐ and eighteenth‐century philosophy. A useful way to bring these issues to light is to distinguish between the project of recovering women's contributions and the project of justifying their inclusion. The former project is an important effort to provide a more accurate understanding of the history of philosophy. Within the latter project, there is a distinction between justifying the inclusion of a specific author and justifying women's inclusion in general. The suggestion that we need to justify women's inclusion in general is fundamentally illegitimate because it presumes that either women's philosophical ability is up for debate or that their contributions require special explanation, both of which are misogynist.
Legal financial obligations in the United States: A review of recent research
Authors: LaScala‐Gruenewald Angela , Paik Leslie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the United States, legal financial obligations (LFOs) include many types of monetary sanctions. For example, fines are tied to specific offenses and imposed at conviction and fees charge people for the “use” of courts, prisons, and other public services. With the rise of mass incarceration, millions of people across the U.S. owe billions of dollars in LFOs. Yet despite the widespread use of monetary sanctions, it was not until the last decade that research began to uncover the vast system of LFOs embedded throughout U.S. laws and understand their far‐reaching socioeconomic consequences. This paper reviews recent research on LFOs across three areas: (1) the political development of LFOs, (2) their implementation and enforcement, and (3) the consequences of LFOs on people, broader social networks, and the functioning of public institutions. We conclude with recommendations for future research that explores the hidden processes connecting these three areas and accounts for the fractured nature of the U.S. government.
Acute heat stress amplifies exercise‐induced metabolomic perturbations and reveals variation in circulating amino acids in endurance‐trained males
Authors: Bennett Samuel , Brocherie Franck , Phelan Marie M. , Tiollier Eve , Guibert Elodie , Morales‐Artacho Antonio J. , Lalire Paul , Morton James P. , Louis Julien B. , Owens Daniel J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUsing untargeted metabolomics, we aimed to characterise the systemic impact of environmental heat stress during exercise. Twenty‐three trained male triathletes ( = 64.8 ± 9.2 ml kg min−1) completed a 30‐min exercise test in hot (35°C) and temperate (21°C) conditions. Venous blood samples were collected immediately pre‐ and post‐exercise, and the serum fraction was assessed via untargeted 1H‐NMR metabolomics. Data were analysed via uni‐ and multivariate analyses to identify differences between conditions. Mean power output was higher in temperate (231 ± 36 W) versus hot (223 ± 31 W) conditions (P < 0.001). Mean heart rate (temperate, 162 ± 10 beats min−1, hot, 167 ± 9 beats min−1, P < 0.001), peak core temperature (Trec), core temperature change (ΔTrec) (P < 0.001) and peak rating of perceived exertion (P = 0.005) were higher in hot versus temperate conditions. Change in metabolite abundance following exercise revealed distinct clustering following multivariate analysis. Six metabolites increased (2‐hydroxyvaleric acid, acetate, alanine, glucarate, glucose, lactate) in hot relative to temperate (P < 0.05) conditions. Leucine and lysine decreased in both conditions but to a greater extent in temperate conditions (P < 0.05). Citrate (P = 0.04) was greater in temperate conditions whilst creatinine decreased in hot conditions only (P > 0.05). Environmental heat stress increased glycolytic metabolite abundance and led to distinct alterations in the circulating amino acid availability, including increased alanine, glutamine, leucine and isoleucine. The data highlight the need for additional exercise nutrition and metabolism research, specifically focusing on protein requirements for exercise under heat stress.
ER‐Ca2+ stores and the regulation of store‐operated Ca2+ entry in neurons
Authors: Chakraborty Pragnya , Hasan Gaiti 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKey components of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ release and store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) are likely expressed in all metazoan cells. Due to the complexity of canonical Ca2+ entry mechanisms in neurons, the functional significance of ER‐Ca2+ release and SOCE has been difficult to identify and establish. In this review we present evidence of how these two related mechanisms of Ca2+ signalling impact multiple aspects of neuronal physiology and discuss their interaction with the better understood classes of ion channels that are gated by either voltage changes or extracellular ligands in neurons. Given how a small imbalance in Ca2+ homeostasis can have strongly detrimental effects on neurons, leading to cell death, it is essential that neuronal SOCE is carefully regulated. We go on to discuss some mechanisms of SOCE regulation that have been identified in Drosophila and mammalian neurons. These include specific splice variants of stromal interaction molecules, different classes of membrane‐interacting proteins and an ER–Ca2+ channel. So far these appear distinct from the mechanisms of SOCE regulation identified in non‐excitable cells. Finally, we touch upon the significance of these studies in the context of certain human neurodegenerative diseases.
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