bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial fibrillation-specific refinement of the STOP-Bang sleep apnoea screening questionnaire: insights from the Virtual-SAFARI study
Authors: Betz Konstanze , Verhaert Dominique V. M. , Gawalko Monika , Hermans Astrid N. L. , Habibi Zarina , Pluymaekers Nikki A. H. A. , van der Velden Rachel M. J. , Homberg Marloes , Philippens Suzanne , Hereijgers Maartje J. M. , Vorstermans Bianca , Simons Sami O. , den Uijl Dennis W. , Chaldoupi Sevasti-Maria , Luermans Justin G. L. M. , Westra Sjoerd W. , Lankveld Theo , van Steenwijk Reindert P. , Hol Bernard , Schotten Ulrich , Vernooy Kevin , Hendriks Jeroen M. , Linz Dominik 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is prevalent in up to 50% of patients referred for atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation (CA). Currently, it remains unclear how to improve pre-selection for SDB screening in patients with AF.

Aim
We aimed to (1) assess the accuracy of the STOP-Bang screening questionnaire for detection of SDB within an AF population referred for CA; (2) derive a refined, AF-specific SDB score to improve pre-selection.

Methods
Consecutive AF patients referred for CA without a history of SDB and/or SDB screening were included. Patients were digitally referred to the previously implemented Virtual-SAFARI SDB screening and management pathway including a home sleep test. An apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) of  ≥ 15 was interpreted as moderate-to-severe SDB. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess characteristics associated with moderate-to-severe SDB to refine pre-selection for SDB screening.

Results
Of 206 included patients, 51% were diagnosed with moderate-to-severe SDB. The STOP-Bang questionnaire performed poorly in detecting SDB, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.647 (95% Confidence-Interval (CI) 0.573–0.721). AF-specific refinement resulted in the BOSS-GAP score. Therein, BMI with cut-off point ≥ 27 kg/m2 and previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) were added, while tiredness and neck circumference were removed. The BOSS-GAP score performed better with an AUROC of 0.738 (95% CI 0.672–0.805) in the overall population.

Conclusion
AF-specific refinement of the STOP-Bang questionnaire moderately improved detection of SDB in AF patients referred for CA. Whether questionnaires bring benefits for pre-selection of SDB compared to structural screening in patients with AF requires further studies.

Trial registration number
ISOLATION was registered NCT04342312, 13-04-2020.

Graphical Abstract
Implementation of the ESC STEMI guidelines in female and elderly patients over a 20-year period in a large German registry
Authors: Riehle Leonhard , Gothe Raffaella M. , Ebbinghaus Jan , Maier Birga , Bruch Leonhard , Röhnisch Jens-Uwe , Schühlen Helmut , Fried Andreas , Stockburger Martin , Theres Heinz , Dreger Henryk , Leistner David M. , Landmesser Ulf , Fröhlich Georg M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aims
We investigated the implementation of new guidelines in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in a large real-world patient population in the metropolitan area of Berlin (Germany) over a 20-year period.

Methods
From January 2000 to December 2019, a total of 25 792 patients were admitted with STEMI to one of the 34 member hospitals of the Berlin-Brandenburg Myocardial Infarction Registry (B2HIR) and were stratified for sex and age < 75 and ≥ 75 years.

Results
The median age of women was 72 years (IQR 61–81) compared to 61 years in men (IQR 51–71). PCI treatment as a standard of care was implemented in men earlier than in women across all age groups. It took two years from the 2017 class IA ESC STEMI guideline recommendation to prefer the radial access route rather than femoral until > 60% of patients were treated accordingly. In 2019, less than 60% of elderly women were treated via a radial access. While the majority of patients < 75 years already received ticagrelor or prasugrel as antiplatelet agent in the year of the class IA ESC STEMI guideline recommendation in 2012, men ≥ 75 years lagged two years and women ≥ 75 three years behind. Amongst the elderly, in-hospital mortality was 22.6% (737) for women and 17.3% (523) for men (p < 0.001). In patients < 75 years fatal outcome was less likely with 7.2% (305) in women and 5.8% (833) in men (p < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding variables, female sex was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients ≥ 75 years (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.12–1.68, p = 0.002), but not in patients < 75 years (p = 0.076).

Conclusion
In-hospital mortality differs considerably by age and sex and remains highest in elderly patients and in particular in elderly females. In these patient groups, guideline recommended therapies were implemented with a significant delay.

Graphical abstract
Ultrasound-guided injection into the lateral crico-arytenoid muscle: a pilot study
Authors: Schneider-Stickler Berit , Ho Guan-Yuh , Moriggl Bernhard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The anterior, percutaneous Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection in the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (LCA) guided by laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) is considered the golden standard treatment for several neurolaryngological disorders. The study presented in this article aims to assess the effectiveness of an alternative approach by which the injection is performed laterally under ultrasound monitoring.

Study design
Anatomical dissection study in human cadavers.

Settings
Academic health care center.

Methods
Ultrasound-guided bilateral dye (0.1 mL of dye solution containing cold-curing polymers, latex, acrylates, acrylic esters, alcohol, and green color) injection in the LCA was performed by means of 24G needles and 1 mL syringes using the lateral approach. The dye location and distribution were assessed by anatomic dissection, performed immediately after the injection.

Results
In 9/10 specimens, the dye was exclusively detectable in the LCA. In 1/10 case (left side), the dye could not be delivered in the LCA because of unintended penetration of the thyroid cartilage by the needle during injection. Anatomic dissection confirmed that the dye spread neither into the thyroarytenoid (TA) nor the cricothyroid muscle (CT).

Conclusions
The anatomic dissection following lateral dye injection in the LCA under ultrasound guide confirmed the precision of this approach in delivery a substance exclusively in a pre-determined target. This feature makes this method an interesting addition or alternative to the standard LEMG-guided BoNT injection at least when the LCA is its target.

Level of evidence
III.
Blood taken immediately after fatal resuscitation attempts yields higher quality DNA for genetic studies as compared to autopsy samples
Authors: Stanasiuk Caroline , Milting Hendrik , Homm Sören , Persson Jan , Holtz Lars , Wittmer Axel , Fox Henrik , Laser Thorsten , Knöll Ralph , Pohl Greta Marie , Paluszkiewicz Lech , Jakob Thomas , Bachmann-Mennenga Bernd , Henzler Dietrich , Grautoff Steffen , Veit Gunter , Klingel Karin , Hori Erika , Kellner Udo , Karger Bernd , Schlepper Stefanie , Pfeiffer Heidi , Gummert Jan , Gärtner Anna , Tiesmeier Jens 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in the young may be associated with a genetic predisposition which is relevant even for genetic counseling of relatives. The identification of genetic variants depends on the availability of intact genomic DNA. DNA from autopsy may be not available due to low autopsy frequencies or not suitable for high-throughput DNA sequencing (NGS). The emergency medical service (EMS) plays an important role to save biomaterial for subsequent molecular autopsy. It is not known whether the DNA integrity of samples collected by the EMS is better suited for NGS than autopsy specimens.

Material and methods
DNA integrity was analyzed by standardized protocols. Fourteen blood samples collected by the EMS and biomaterials from autopsy were compared. We collected 172 autopsy samples from different tissues and blood with postmortem intervals of 14–168 h. For comparison, DNA integrity derived from blood stored under experimental conditions was checked against autopsy blood after different time intervals.

Results
DNA integrity and extraction yield were higher in EMS blood compared to any autopsy tissue. DNA stability in autopsy specimens was highly variable and had unpredictable quality. In contrast, collecting blood samples by the EMS is feasible and delivered comparably the highest DNA integrity.

Conclusions
Isolation yield and DNA integrity from blood samples collected by the EMS is superior in comparison to autopsy specimens. DNA from blood samples collected by the EMS on scene is stable at room temperature or even for days at 4 °C. We conclude that the EMS personnel should always save a blood sample of young fatal OHCA cases died on scene to enable subsequent genetic analysis.
Long-term field study reveals that warmer summers lead to larger and longer-lived females only in northern populations of Natterer’s bats
Authors: Stapelfeldt Bianca , Tress Christoph , Koch Ralf , Tress Johannes , Kerth Gerald , Scheuerlein Alexander 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnimals often respond to climate change with changes in morphology, e.g., shrinking body size with increasing temperatures, as expected by Bergmann’s rule. Because small body size can have fitness costs for individuals, this trend could threaten populations. Recent studies, however, show that morphological responses to climate change and the resulting fitness consequences cannot be generalized even among related species. In this long-term study, we investigate the interaction between ambient temperature, body size and survival probability in a large number of individually marked wild adult female Natterer’s bats (Myotis nattereri). We compare populations from two geographical regions in Germany with a different climate. In a sliding window analysis, we found larger body sizes in adult females that were raised in warmer summers only in the northern population, but not in the southern population that experienced an overall warmer climate. With a capture-mark-recapture approach, we showed that larger individuals had higher survival rates, demonstrating that weather conditions in early life could have long-lasting fitness effects. The different responses in body size to warmer temperatures in the two regions highlight that fitness-relevant morphological responses to climate change have to be viewed on a regional scale and may affect local populations differently.
A comparative study of machine learning and deep learning algorithms for padel tennis shot classification
Authors: Domínguez Guillermo Cartes , Álvarez Evelia Franco , Córdoba Alejandro Tapia , Reina Daniel Gutiérrez 
Published: February 2023

AbstractData processing in sports is a phenomenon increasingly present at all levels, from professionals in search of tools to improve their performance to beginners motivated by the quantification of their physical activity. In this work, a comparison between some of the main machine learning and deep learning algorithms is carried out in order to classify padel tennis strokes. Up to 13 representative padel tennis strokes are classified. Before a classification of padel tennis strokes is performed, a sufficiently representative data set is needed that collects numerous examples of the performance of these strokes. Since there was no similar data set in the literature, we proceeded to the creation of such a data set, for which we developed a data collection system based on an electronic device with an inertial measurement unit. Using the developed data set, the machine learning and deep learning algorithms were hyperparameterized to compare their performance under the best possible configurations. The algorithms were fed with both the temporal series of the acceleration and speed of the six degrees of freedom and also with feature engineering input, consisting in calculating the mean, maximum, and minimum values for each axis. The algorithms evaluated are: fully connected or dense neural networks, 1D convolutional neural networks, decision tree, K nearest neighbors, support vector machines, and eigenvalue classification. According to the results achieved, the best algorithm is the 1D convolutional neural network with temporal series input that achieves an accuracy higher than 93%. However, other simpler algorithms such as dense networks and support vector machines achieve similar results.
Leveling the curve of Spee using different sized archwires: a randomized clinical trial of blood flow changes
Authors: Ba-Hattab Raidan , Abu Alhaija Elham S. , Nasrawi Yousef H. , Taha Nessrin , Daher Hasan , Daher Saba 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To compare blood flow (BF) changes of teeth subjected to orthodontic forces during curve of Spee (COS) leveling using different archwires (AW).

Material and methods
Thirty subjects with COS > 5 mm were randomly assigned (1:1:1) into three groups based on the AW used: group 1: 0.017 × 0.025-inch stainless-steel (SS)AW, group 2: 0.019 × 0.025-inch SSAW, and group 3: 0.021 × 0.025-inch β-titanium (TMA)AW. In the 3 groups, a 5 mm-depth reverse COS was placed in the AWs. A laser Doppler flowmeter was used to measure BF at different time intervals (T0–T4).

Results
In the 3 AWs group, BF of all measured teeth was reduced 20 min after force application. Afterwards, the BF values started to increase until the baseline values were almost restored within 1 week. Differences in BF changes between the extrusion and intrusion subgroups were observed within groups 1 and 3 during the first 20 min of force application (P < 0.05). Similar BF changes were recorded using the 3 different AWs. BF changes were associated with tooth type and the amount of COS depth change.

Conclusions
During CoS leveling, similar BF changes were recorded using the 3 different AWs. Tooth type and the amount of COS depth change were associated with BF changes within the first 20 min of force application. Greater BF reduction was found in premolars compared to incisors during the first 20 min of AW placement.

Clinical relevance
It is important to select a type of applied forces that minimally affect the BF. Intrusive forces appeared to have lower negative effects on the BF of teeth during COS leveling.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrial.gov (# NCT04549948).
Lower range of serum uric acid level increases risk of rapid decline of kidney function in young and middle-aged adults: the Yuport Medical Checkup Center Study
Authors: Ueda Hitomi , Inoue Kazuo , Seki Reiko , Nemoto Yoshikazu , Terawaki Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of low serum uric acid (sUA) levels on kidney function is unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between low sUA levels and the rapid decline in kidney function.MethodsWe examined the relationship between sUA levels and kidney function decline in health check-up examinees. A total of 10,547 participants were enrolled using data from the Yuport Medical Checkup Center Study between 1998 and 2002 for baseline and data from 2002 to 2006 as the follow-up period in Japan. According to sUA level (mg/dL), we classified the participants into the following six groups: (1) 2.0–2.9 (n = 247), (2) 3.0–3.9 (n = 1457), (3) 4.0–4.9 (n = 2883), (4) 5.0–5.9 (n = 2899), (5) 6.0–6.9 (n = 2010), and (6) 7.0–7.9 (n = 1,051). The relationship between sUA level and rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (ΔeGFR ≥ 3 mL/min/1.73 m2/year) was examined using a logistic regression model.ResultsDuring study period (5.4 ± 1.6 years), the incidence of rapid eGFR decline for the respective sUA groups (2.0–2.9, 3.0–3.9, 4.0–4.9, 5.0–5.9, 6.0–6.9, 7.0–7.9) were as follows: 4.5%, 4.0%, 2.4%, 3.3%, 3.1%, 3.4%. The crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for rapid eGFR decline were significantly higher in the 2.0–2.9 (OR:1.93 and 1.86) and 3.0–3.9 (OR:1.72 and 1.73) groups than in the 4.0–4.9 groups (reference). Stratified analysis of age differences revealed that the detrimental effect of low sUA was not evident in older adults (age ≥ 65 years).ConclusionA lower normal sUA level is related to an increased risk for a rapid decline in kidney function.
Endoscopic visualization of the inferior alveolar nerve associated with somatosensory changes after impacted mandibular third molar extraction
Authors: Jiang Jun-Qi , Kang Yan-Feng , Chen Ke-Nan , Cui Nian-Hui , Yan Zi-Yu , Guo Chuan-Bin , Wang En-Bo , Xu Xiang-Liang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to assess the relationship between somatosensory functional changes and inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) exposure after impacted mandibular third molars (M3M) removal. We recruited 35 patients who underwent impacted M3M extraction near the IAN. The M3Ms were extracted by combined endoscopy, piezosurgery, and contra-angle high-speed turbine handpiece. All IAN canal perforations and exposed regions were recorded and measured by endoscopy after extraction and on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images before extraction. The patients were followed up 1, 7, and 35 days after surgery. A standardized quantitative sensory testing (QST) battery was performed on the lower lip skin. All of 35 cases had exposed IAN on CBCT images, 5 of which had no exposed IAN under endoscopy. For the other 30 cases, the endoscopy-measured IAN length and width were shorter than the CBCT measurements (P < 0.001). The warm and mechanical detection thresholds (MDT) on the operation side were significantly higher than the contralateral side after surgery (P < 0.05). Thermal sensory limen, MDT, and cold pain threshold were strongly correlated with the exposed IAN length and MDT also with the exposed IAN width one day after surgery. In conclusion, it was found that not all exposed IAN in CBCT images were real exposure after surgery. The intraoperative exposed IAN endoscopic measurements were smaller than by CBCT and strongly correlated with some QST parameters.
The role of the microencruster-microbial reef-building consortium in organic reefs evolution (Late Jurassic, northern Tethys shelf, southern Poland)
Authors: Krajewski Marcin , Olchowy Piotr 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe carbonate sediments of the Polish part of Tethys shelf containCrescentiella-microbial-cement facies. The facies is associated with Middle Oxfordian-Lower Kimmeridgian microbial-grain dominated reefs, microbial-sponge dual hybride reefs, and less frequently sponge/coral-microbial-abiotic triple hybride reefs. TheCrescentiella(incertae sedis) and microbialites form numerous cluster bioconstructions with stromatactis-like cavities in which rapid lithification was supported by early marine cementation. However, the factors controlling the development of such bioconstructions and the role ofCrescentiellain the development of reef frameworks remain enigmatic. The sediments from five localities were investigated using thin-sections analyses supported by cathodoluminescence observations, stable oxygen and carbon isotope analyses and dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The development ofCrescentiella-microbial-cement facies took place in three intervals spanning the Transversarium, Upper Bifurcatus, and Planula zones and coinciding with the period of maximum development of the Late Jurassic reefs in Poland. The reefs contain microencrusterCrescentiellawhich was an important rigid framework constructor among the microbialites while the skeletal metazoans were rare. The inferred palaeosetting of the facies ranges from the seaward steep-fronted outer margin to the upper slope broad reef complex/microplatform where the development of skeletal metazoans was limited and mainly formed stratiform microbialites binding coated grain-bioclastic dominated sediments. The occurrence ofCrescentiella-microbial-cement boundstone facies is useful for palaeogeographic, palaeobathymetric, and palaeotectonic investigations.
The Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) For Meaningful Work
Authors: Bankins Sarah , Formosa Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe increasing workplace use of artificially intelligent (AI) technologies has implications for the experience of meaningful human work. Meaningful work refers to the perception that one’s work has worth, significance, or a higher purpose. The development and organisational deployment of AI is accelerating, but the ways in which this will support or diminish opportunities for meaningful work and the ethical implications of these changes remain under-explored. This conceptual paper is positioned at the intersection of the meaningful work and ethical AI literatures and offers a detailed assessment of the ways in which the deployment of AI can enhance or diminish employees’ experiences of meaningful work. We first outline the nature of meaningful work and draw on philosophical and business ethics accounts to establish its ethical importance. We then explore the impacts of three paths of AI deployment (replacing some tasks, ‘tending the machine’, and amplifying human skills) across five dimensions constituting a holistic account of meaningful work, and finally assess the ethical implications. In doing so we help to contextualise the meaningful work literature for the era of AI, extend the ethical AI literature into the workplace, and conclude with a range of practical implications and future research directions.
Enzyme-Linked Metal Organic Frameworks for Biocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics
Authors: Saddique Zohaib , Imran Muhammad , Javaid Ayesha , Rizvi Nayab Batool , Akhtar Muhammad Nadeem , Iqbal Hafiz M. N. , Bilal Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMetal organic frameworks (MOFs) are multi-dimensional network of crystalline material held together by bonding of metal atoms and organic ligands. Owing to unique structural, chemical, and physical properties, MOFs has been used for enzyme immobilization to be employed in different catalytic process, including catalytic degradation of antibiotics. Immobilization process other than providing large surface provides enzyme with enhanced stability, catalytic activity, reusability, and selectivity. There are various approaches of enzyme immobilization over MOFs including physical adsorption, chemical bonding, diffusion and in situ encapsulation. In situ encapsulation is one the best approach that provides extra stability from unfolding and denaturation in harsh industrial conditions. Presence of antibiotic in environment is highly damaging for human in particular and ecosystem in general. Different methods such as ozonation, oxidation, chlorination and catalysis are available for degradation or removal of antibiotics from environment, however these are associated with several issues. Contrary to these, enzyme immobilized MOFs are novel system to be used in catalytic degradation of antibiotics. Enzyme@MOFs are more stable, reusable and more efficient owing to additional support of MOFs to natural enzymes in well-established process of photocatalysis for degradation of antibiotics aimed at environmental remediation. Prime focus of this review is to present catalytic degradation of antibiotics by enzyme@MOFs while outlining their synthetics approaches, characterization, and mechanism of degradation. Furthermore, this review highlights the significance of enzyme@MOFs system for antibiotics degradation in particular and environmental remediation in general. Current challenges and future perspective of research in this field are also outlined along with concluding comments.
Graphical Abstract