bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Junctional rhythm during cryoablation for typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
Authors: Nakano Masahiro , Kondo Yusuke , Kajiyama Takatsugu , Nakano Miyo , Ito Ryo , Kitagawa Mari , Sugawara Masafumi , Chiba Toshinori , Ryuzaki Satoko , Yoshino Yutaka , Komai Yuya , Takanashi Yukiko , Kobayashi Yoshio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionCryoablation is being used as an alternative to radiofrequency (RF) ablation for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) owing to the lower risk of atrioventricular block (AVB) compared to RF ablation. Junctional rhythm often occurs during successful application of RF ablation for AVNRT. In contrast, junctional rhythm has rarely been reported to occur during cryoablation. This retrospective study evaluated the characteristics of junctional rhythm during cryoablation for typical AVNRT.Methods and ResultsThis retrospective study included 127 patients in whom successful cryoablation of typical AVNRT was performed. Patients diagnosed with atypical AVNRT were excluded. Junctional rhythm appeared during cryofreezing in 22 patients (17.3%). These junctional rhythms appeared due to cryofreezing at the successful site in the early phase within 15 s of commencement of cooling. Transient complete AVB was observed in 10 of 127 patients (7.9%), and it was noted that atrioventricular conduction improved immediately after cooling was stopped in these 10 patients. No junctional rhythm was observed before the appearance of AVB. No recurrence of tachycardia was confirmed in patients in whom junctional rhythm occurred by cryofreezing at the successful site.ConclusionOccurrence of junctional rhythms during cryoablation is not so rare and can be considered a criterion for successful cryofreezing. Furthermore, junctional rhythm may be associated with low risk of recurrent tachycardia.
A test of the dyadic associations between ineffective arguing, emotional distress, and violence perpetration and victimization among couples seeking therapy
Authors: Lowery Dylann F. , Novak Josh R. , McWey Lenore M. , Ketring Scott A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearchers have tested associations between ineffective arguing and emotional distress among couples without relationship violence. Moreover, studies have demonstrated associations between physical violence perpetration and victimization in the aftermath of emotional distress. However, there is a paucity of research examining linkages between ineffective arguing, emotional distress, and physical violence perpetration or victimization. Dyadic data from 231 married, heterosexual couples seeking therapy were used to test a model examining pathways between ineffective arguing and physical violence perpetration and victimization through emotional distress. The hypothesized model was compared to two plausible alternative models. Results revealed higher levels of men's ineffective arguing were positively associated with men's physical violence perpetration, both directly and indirectly, through higher levels of emotional distress. Higher levels of men's ineffective arguing were associated with lower men's physical violence perpetration through higher levels of women's emotional distress. Results can inform the clinical treatment of interpersonal violence by targeting ineffective arguing and emotional distress.
Exploring Zakatable Wealth from Classical and Contemporary Scholars Perspectives
Authors: Abdullah Syaharina , Ab Rahman Asmak , Haji Abdullah Luqman 
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, there are many collective ijtihad by various internationally recognized Islamic organizations as well as individual fatwas of leading contemporary Muslim jurists have been undertaking the process of identifying modern wealth that are compulsory to be zakatable. This is because nowadays, there are many economic activities that are capable of generating higher profit returns and many of them are seen probably higher than those of the traditional zakatable sources. This paper attempts to study the conditions and foundations of zakatability of wealth classically and contemporarily which are made subject to zakat based on the Islamic legal theories and scholars’ perspectives. Then, it explores both classical and contemporary zakatable wealth. To fulfill the objectives, this study will use a qualitative approach with data collection methods documentation. It involves library research to get information from various sources like books, journals, papers work and others and then analyzing them by using inductive and deductive (istiqrai’i) approach. The study found that there are several conditions made by the classical and contemporary jurists on wealth before it is made to be subject to zakat. They have also come out with various approaches like analogy (qiyas), growth (nama’), richness (ghina’) and historical success factor in identifying the basis (dawabit) of zakatable wealth. The findings of this research show that based on ijtihad and fiqhi resolutions of the jurists, zakat accommodates contemporary changes in the concept of wealth and gives opportunity in exploring the expansion of the other zakatable wealth resources in the form of modern assets. As such due to changes of time, these foundations of zakatability will continue to be implemented due to its suitability and significance with the demands of the needs of the Ummah
Pressure Profile and Stiffness Analysis of Supercritical CO2 Inside a Rotating Annulus Cooling Passage Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Uddin Md. , Gurgenci Halim , Guan Zhiqiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The recent supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power turbine configuration development introduced a cooling zone parametric model to overcome the existing technical challenges. The parametric model is the annulus cooling passage with a supercritical CO2 coolant consisting of radial clearance, length, and shaft diameter are the geometrical parameters. This study aims to investigate the pressure profile and stiffness coefficient of the cooling passage using computational fluid dynamics and to explore the validity of the assumptions that exist in the simplified analysis. The effect of eccentricity ratio, shaft speed, and axial length are investigated. The result showed that, like the hydrodynamic bearing, the supercritical CO2 swirling in the annulus passage produces substantial mechanical support on the shaft. Hence, the cooling zone stiffness contribution should be included in the supercritical CO2 turbine shaft vibration analysis which is not presently taken into consideration.
The Postprandial Plasma Amino Acid Response Does Not Differ Following the Ingestion of a Solid Versus a Liquid Milk Protein Product in Healthy Adult Females
Authors: van Lieshout Glenn A.A. , Trommelen Jorn , Nyakayiru Jean , van Kranenburg Janneau , Senden Joan M. , Verdijk Lex B. , van Loon Luc J.C. 
Published: June 2023

Dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption rates are modulated by numerous factors such as the food matrix. It has been speculated that protein ingested in liquid form is more rapidly digested and absorbed when compared with ingestion in solid form. Here, we assessed the postprandial plasma amino acid availability following ingestion of a single bolus of protein provided in either liquid or solid form. Twelve healthy, young females were included in this randomized cross-over study. On two separate test days, participants ingested 20-g milk protein concentrate in solid form (protein bar) or in liquid form (protein drink). Products were composed of matched ingredients and, thereby, had the same macro- and micronutrient composition. On both test days, arterialized blood samples were collected at regular time intervals for up to 4 hr following protein ingestion to assess the postprandial rise in plasma amino acid concentrations. Protein ingestion robustly elevated circulating plasma amino acid concentrations (p < .001), with no significant differences between treatments (p = .088). The incremental area under the curve of the postprandial rise in total plasma amino acid concentrations did not differ following bar versus drink consumption (160 ± 73 vs. 160 ± 71 mmol·L−1·240 min−1, respectively; 95% confidence interval [−37, 37]; Cohen’s dz = 0.003; p = .992). Ingestion of protein in liquid or solid form does not modulate postprandial amino acid availability in healthy, female adults. Any differences in protein digestion and amino acid absorption due to differences in food matrix are not attributed to the protein being consumed as a bar or as a drink.
Distribution, abundance, and ecogenomics of the
Palauibacterales
, a new cosmopolitan thiamine-producing order within the
Gemmatimonadota
phylum
Authors: Aldeguer-Riquelme Borja , Antón Josefa , Santos Fernando 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

The phylum
Gemmatimonadota
comprises mainly uncultured microorganisms that inhabit different environments such as soils, freshwater lakes, marine sediments, sponges, or corals. Based on 16S rRNA gene studies, the group PAUC43f is one of the most frequently retrieved
Gemmatimonadota
in marine samples. However, its physiology and ecological roles are completely unknown since, to date, not a single PAUC43f isolate or metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) has been characterized. Here, we carried out a broad study of the distribution, abundance, ecotaxonomy, and metabolism of PAUC43f, for which we propose the name of
Palauibacterales
. This group was detected in 4,965 16S rRNA gene amplicon datasets, mainly from marine sediments, sponges, corals, soils, and lakes, reaching up to 34.3% relative abundance, which highlights its cosmopolitan character, mainly salt-related. The potential metabolic capabilities inferred from 52
Palauibacterales
MAGs recovered from marine sediments, sponges, and saline soils suggested a facultative aerobic and chemoorganotrophic metabolism, although some members may also oxidize hydrogen. Some
Palauibacterales
species might also play an environmental role as N
2
O consumers as well as suppliers of serine and thiamine. When compared to the rest of the
Gemmatimonadota
phylum, the biosynthesis of thiamine was one of the key features of the
Palauibacterales
. Finally, we show that polysaccharide utilization loci (PUL) are widely distributed within the
Gemmatimonadota
so that they are not restricted to
Bacteroidetes
, as previously thought. Our results expand the knowledge about this cryptic phylum and provide new insights into the ecological roles of the
Gemmatimonadota
in the environment.

IMPORTANCE

Despite advances in molecular and sequencing techniques, there is still a plethora of unknown microorganisms with a relevant ecological role. In the last years, the mostly uncultured
Gemmatimonadota
phylum is attracting scientific interest because of its widespread distribution and abundance, but very little is known about its ecological role in the marine ecosystem. Here we analyze the global distribution and potential metabolism of the marine
Gemmatimonadota
group PAUC43f, for which we propose the name of
Palauibacterales
order. This group presents a saline-related character and a chemoorganoheterotrophic and facultatively aerobic metabolism, although some species might oxidize H
2
. Given that
Palauibacterales
is potentially able to synthesize thiamine, whose auxotrophy is the second most common in the marine environment, we propose
Palauibacterales
as a key thiamine supplier to the marine communities. This finding suggests that
Gemmatimonadota
could have a more relevant role in the marine environment than previously thought.
Mutation in the two-component regulator BaeSR mediates cefiderocol resistance and enhances virulence in
Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Liu Xiaochen , Chang Yunjie , Xu Qingye , Zhang Wang , Huang Zhen , Zhang Linyue , Weng Shanshan , Leptihn Sebastian , Jiang Yan , Yu Yunsong , Hua Xiaoting 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter baumannii
has become one of the most challenging pathogens in many countries with limited treatment options available. Cefiderocol, a novel siderophore-conjugated cephalosporin, shows potent
in vitro
activity against
A. baumannii
, including isolates resistant to carbapenems. To date, few reports on the mechanisms of cefiderocol resistance are available. In order to investigate potential mechanisms of cefiderocol resistance in
A. baumannii
, we performed
in vitro
evolution experiments at sub-lethal concentrations of the antibiotic. All four cefiderocol-resistant strains obtained harbored mutations in two-component system BaeS-BaeR. When we engineered the mutations of BaeS (D89V) and BaeR (S104N) into the genome of ATCC 17978, these mutations increased cefiderocol minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by 8-fold to 16-fold. Transcriptome analyses showed that the expression of MacAB-TolC and MFS transporters was up-regulated in BaeSR mutants. Strains over-expressing MFS transporter and MacAB-TolC displayed higher MICs and higher median inhibition concentration (IC
50
) values, while MICs and IC
50
decreased when efflux pump genes were knocked out. In a BaeR mutant with up-regulated
csu
operon, we observed a higher number of pili, enhanced surface motility, and increased biofilm formation compared to wild-type ATCC 17978. Using the
Galleria mellonella
infection model, we found that the BaeS mutant in which
paa
operon was up-regulated exhibited increased virulence. In conclusion, the mutations in BaeSR decreased cefiderocol susceptibility of
A. baumannii
through up-regulating efflux pumps gene expression. BaeS or BaeR also controls the expression of
csu
and
paa
, influencing biofilm formation, surface motility, and virulence in
A. baumannii
.

IMPORTANCE

The widespread prevalence of
m
ulti-
d
rug
-r
esistant

A
.
b
aumannii

(MDRAB) poses a significant therapeutic challenge. Cefiderocol is considered a promising antibiotic for the treatment of MDRAB infections. Therefore, it is necessary to study the potential resistance mechanisms of cefiderocol to delay the development of bacterial resistance. Here, we demonstrated that mutations in
baeS
and
baeR
reduced the susceptibility of
A. baumannii
to cefiderocol by up-regulating the expression of the MFS family efflux pump and MacAB-TolC efflux pump. We propose that BaeS mutants increase bacterial virulence by up-regulating the expression of the
paa
operon. This also reports the regulatory effect of BaeSR on
csu
operon for the first time. This study provides further insights into the role of BaeSR in developing cefiderocol resistance and virulence in
A. baumannii
.
Association between surgeon volume and patient outcomes after elective shoulder replacement surgery using data from the National Joint Registry and Hospital Episode Statistics for England: population based cohort study
Authors: Valsamis Epaminondas Markos , Collins Gary S , Pinedo-Villanueva Rafael , Whitehouse Michael R , Rangan Amar , Sayers Adrian , Rees Jonathan L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the association between surgeon volume and patient outcomes after elective shoulder replacement surgery to improve patient outcomes and inform future resource planning for joint replacement surgery.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Setting
Public and private hospitals in the United Kingdom, 2012-20.

Participants
Adults aged 18 years or older who had shoulder replacement surgery, identified in the National Joint Registry, with linkage of participants in England to Hospital Episode Statistics data.

Main outcome measures
The main outcome measure was revision surgery. Secondary outcome measures were reoperation within 12 months, serious adverse events, and prolonged hospital stay (>3 nights) after shoulder replacement surgery.

Results
39 281 shoulder replacement procedures undertaken by 638 consultant surgeons at 416 surgical units met the inclusion criteria and were available for analysis. Multilevel mixed effects models and restricted cubic splines were fit to examine the association between a surgeon’s mean annual volume and risk of adverse patient outcomes, with a minimum volume threshold of 10.4 procedures yearly identified. Below this threshold the risk of revision surgery was significantly increased, as much as twice that of surgeons with the lowest risk (hazard ratio 1.94, 95% confidence interval 1.27 to 2.97). A greater mean annual surgical volume was also associated with a significantly lower risk of reoperations, fewer serious adverse events, and shorter hospital stay, with no thresholds identified. Annual variation in surgeon volume was not associated with any of the outcomes assessed.

Conclusions
In the healthcare system represented by these registry data, an association was found between surgeons who averaged more than 10.4 shoulder replacements yearly and lower rates of revision surgery and reoperation, lower risk of serious adverse events, and shorter hospital stays. These findings should inform resource planning for surgical services and joint replacement surgery waiting lists and improve patient outcomes after shoulder replacement surgery.
Post-conflict movements of polar bears in western Hudson Bay, Canada
Authors: Miller Erin N. , Trim Vicki , Lunn Nicholas J. , McGeachy David , Derocher Andrew E. 
Published: June 2023

Human–carnivore conflicts have increased as habitat has been affected by development and climate change. Understanding how biological factors, environment, and management decisions affect the behaviour of animals may reduce conflicts. We examined how biological factors, sea ice conditions, and management decisions affected the autumn migratory movement of polar bears ( Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) from 2016 to 2021 following their capture near Churchill, Manitoba, Canada, and release after a mean of 20 days (SE 2) in a holding facility. We deployed eartag satellite transmitters on 63 bears (26 males, 37 females), with 49% adults (>5 years old), 48% subadults (3–5 year old), and 3% <2-year old. We compared variation in on-ice departure of bears released post-conflict (conflict) to adult females without a conflict history (non-conflict). Conflict bears departed 89 km further north (mean = 59.7°N, SE 0.2) of non-conflict bears (mean = 58.9°N, SE 0.1). Bears released later during the migratory period were less likely to re-enter a community at a rate of 5.9%–6.4% per day. Of 69 releases (6 individuals requiring multiple releases), 12 bears re-entered Churchill and 13 entered Arviat, Nunavut. We suggest that the holding facility was effective at preventing additional conflicts and individuals with a high likelihood of recidivism should be held longer.
Comparative analysis of physicochemical characteristics, bioactive components, and volatile profile of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus)
Authors: Kaur Prabhjot , Morden Kitson , Subramanian Jayasankar , Singh Ashutosh 
Published: June 2023

This study provides a detailed report on the physicochemical, bioactive components, and volatile profiles of diverse sour cherry ( Prunus cerasus) cultivars to identify the cultivar(s) containing high health-promoting components. Physiological characteristics (fruit weight, size dimensions, moisture, color attributes, total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, maturity index, nutritional bioactive components (total phenolic, total anthocyanin content, and total flavonoids), antioxidant activity, and volatile profile of 10 sour-cherry cultivars, consisting of dark red Morello type and clear fruit flesh Amarelle type, were studied. The total phenolic content was in the range of 123.24–289.91 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g FW (fresh weight), total flavonoids (1340.23–2831.91 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g FW), and total anthocyanins (225.43–485.66 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent (CGE)/100 g FW) in different sour-cherry cultivars, showing significant diversity in such health-promoting compounds. In vitro antioxidant activity assessed by ferric reducing antioxidant potential was observed in the range of 658.18–1483.37 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/100 g FW and by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) at 384.36 and 931.85 mg TE/100 g FW. A total of 10 phenolic components, including five hydroxycinnamic acids, three flavonoids (flavanols), and one anthocyanin, have been identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Hydroxycinnamic acids represented 40%–60% of total phenolic components, while flavonoids and anthocyanins amounted to 20% each in total phenolic composition. The volatile profile of sour-cherry cultivars revealed that aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, esters, monoterpenes, acids, sugars, and hydrocarbons were the predominant volatiles present in sour cherry.
Evaluation of chia and flax mucilages as consolidants of paint films and as hydrogels used in the cleaning of canvases reverses: first results
Authors: Palma Prieto Marina , Santos Gómez Sonia , Pérez-Estébanez Marta , De la Roja José Manuel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the field of conservation of cultural heritage, animal glues, synthetic resins, and some polysaccharides are used to consolidate pictorial layers. Meanwhile, in order to clean the obverse and the reverse of paintings, organic solvents and aqueous systems are sometimes employed in the form of gels. In this work, vegetable mucilages have been tested for both applications. This research has been carried out in several phases. Firstly, mucilages were extracted from flax and chia seeds. The efficacy of the obtained products was tested on two kinds of mock-ups. As consolidantes, the mucilages were applied on a board with a film of powdery tempera painting. In the case of their use as cleaning gels, two linen cloths were prepared: one with animal glue and the other with gacha, an adhesive used in the Mediterranean Basin. In the last step, the efficacy and safety of the treatments were determined through microscopic observations and FTIR-ATR measurements. Colour and gloss characterisation were also performed in the consolidated pictorial layers. According to the first results shown in this work, flax mucilage can consolidate disintegrated layers of rabbit-skin glue tempera producing minimum colour and gloss changes, whereas chia mucilage has less efficacy to consolidate the tempera. Regarding the efficacy of mucilages as hydrogels, both have shown promising results. With these first results, future work will focus on the study of the long-term behaviour of vegetable mucilages through accelerated artificial ageing and on laying the foundations for their use in other conservation treatments, such as the cleaning of pictorial layers.
The role of subduction in the formation of Pangaean oceanic large igneous provinces
Authors: Heron Philip J. , Gün Erkan , Shephard Grace E. , Dannberg Juliane , Gassmöller Rene , Martin Erin , Sharif Aisha , Pysklywec Russell N. , Nance R. Damian , Murphy J. Brendan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Large igneous provinces (LIPs) have been linked to both surface and deep mantle processes. During the formation, tenure and break-up of the supercontinent Pangaea, there is an increase in emplacement events for both continental and oceanic LIPs. There is currently no clear consensus on the origin of LIPs, but a hypothesis relates their formation to crustal emplacement of hot plume material originating in the deep mantle. The interaction of subducted slabs with the lowermost mantle thermal boundary and subsequent return flow is a key control on such plume generation. This mechanism has been explored for LIPs below the interior of a supercontinent (i.e. continental LIPs). However, a number of LIPs formed exterior to Pangaea (e.g. Ontong Java Plateau), with no consensus on their formation mechanism. Here, we consider the dynamics of supercontinent processes as predicted by numerical models of mantle convection and analyse whether circum-supercontinent subduction could generate both interior (continental) and exterior (oceanic) deep mantle plumes. Our numerical models show that subduction related to the supercontinent cycle can reproduce the location and timing of the Ontong Java Plateau, Caribbean LIP and potentially the Shatsky Rise by linking the origin of these LIPs to the return flow that generated deep mantle exterior plumes.