bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Comparative Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Transradial Arterial Access for Hepatic Tumor Embolizations: A Single Operator Experience
Authors: Sundareyan Ramanivas , Karkhanis Salil 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives To assess the efficacy and safety of transradial arterial access (TRA) for hepatic tumor embolizations and compare the outcomes between the TRA and transfemoral arterial access (TFA).
Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of all consecutive hepatic tumor embolization procedures done through TFA or TRA by a single operator from November 2017 to April 2019 was performed. The procedural variables, including fluoroscopy time, radiation dose (reference air kerma [RAK]), conversion and complication rates, and patient preferences were recorded. The primary endpoint was technical success, which was defined as the successful completion of the embolization procedure. Procedural variables including radiation exposure and patient preferences, and complications were analyzed as secondary endpoints.
Results Out of 102 procedures in 90 patients, 44 were performed through TFA and the rest by TRA. A technical success rate of 98.2% and a crossover rate of 1.7% were recorded for TRA. There were no major vascular complications and similar rates of minor complications (8.6% for TRA, 2.3% for TFA; P = 0.055), without any clinical sequelae. After the initial learning curve, no significant differences for other procedural variables were noted between the two access sites. Faster ambulation were achieved following TRA (P < 0.055). All 12 patients who underwent repeat TACE after initial TRA chose this again over TFA.
Conclusions TRA is safe and effective for hepatic tumor embolization. Its safety and efficacy profile is comparable to that of TFA, with added improved patient comfort and faster ambulation.
Advances in Knowledge New catheter options and modifications of the existing techniques as explained in this article proved radial arterial access as a safe and effective alternative in hepatic arterial embolization.
Exercise and Airway Clearance Techniques in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Ward Nathan , Stiller Kathy , Holland Anne E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExercise and airway clearance techniques (ACTs) have been a cornerstone of treatment for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) for many decades. Exercise may confer both respiratory and nonrespiratory benefits for pwCF, with greater exercise capacity associated with improved survival. A wide variety of exercise interventions for pwCF have been investigated. ACTs may assist in reducing respiratory symptoms for pwCF and are currently recommended to be performed daily, with the types of ACTs used varying globally. While recommended components of care, both exercise and ACTs are time-intensive and maintaining adherence to the recommendations over the longer term can be challenging. It has been proposed that with advances in the therapeutic options for pwCF, a rationalization of the therapeutic regimen may be possible. We summarize the current evidence for the use of exercise and ACTs by pwCF, discuss the implications of the introduction of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators on both exercise and ACTs, and highlight areas for further research.
Impact of Digital Technologies on Clinical Care for Adults with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Peckham Daniel , Spoletini Giulia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic accelerated the implementation of digital technologies, which have now become embedded as essential tools for the management of chronic disease, including cystic fibrosis (CF). Despite subsequent easing of restrictions and because of improved clinical stability resulting from the introduction of highly effective modulator therapy, digital technologies including video and telephone consultations and remote monitoring are likely to remain integral to the future delivery of CF health care. In this article, we explore some of the key developments in digital technologies, barriers to their adoption, and how the CF community is likely to embrace lessons learned from the recent pandemic to help modernize and reshape the future of CF care.
Comparative Analysis of Manual Dexterity of Dental Students at Ajman University following One Academic Year of Preclinical Training Sessions: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Saeed Musab , Alfarra Mohammed B.Q. , Abdelmagied Mawada Hassan , Hadi Karrar , Aljafarawi Tareq , Al-Rawi Noor , Uthman Asmaa T. , Fanas Salem Abu , Al Rawi Natheer H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives Dental students must complete two stages of training, namely, preclinical training on phantom head models and clinical training on actual patients to acquire the practical skills required by their Bachelor of Dental Surgery program.Our objectives are to evaluate the level of improvement of the manual skills obtained by third-year dental students after one full academic year of preclinical training courses using dexterity tests under direct and indirect vision and to compare the improvement among male and female dental students under the same conditions.
Materials and Methods A total of 72 preclinical students participated in our cohort trial, each of whom was assigned a random identification number that was only known to the researchers. After the beginning of the academic year, the experiment was performed under identical conditions for both the O'Connor Tweezer Dexterity Test and the Purdue Pegboard Test. The examinations were conducted at two distinct times: T0 before phantom laboratory training (the beginning of preclinical sessions) and T1 after phantom laboratory training (9 months after T0).
Statistical Analysis Signed-rank test of Wilcoxon over two separate periods (T0 and T1), comparisons were made between the direct and indirect visual dexterity test scores. In addition, the Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare results across gender. The statistical significance (p-value) was set at below 0.05 with a confidence level of 95%.
Results A statistically significant difference was detected between the T0 and T1 assessments on the Purdue Pegboard Test and the O'Connor Tweezer Dexterity Test for all selected dentistry students in both direct and indirect conditions (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Further investigation in other dental departments or schools, particularly those with different entry standards, is required prior to making a definitive conclusion about the use of these dexterity assessments as predictors of prospective dental students' performance.
Effect of Resin Cement at Different Thicknesses on the Fatigue Shear Bond Strength to Leucite Ceramic
Authors: Arcila Laura Viviana Calvache , Gomes Laís Carolina Landim , Ortiz Laura Patricia Nadal , Costa Mardoqueu M. da , Tribst João Paulo Mendes , Bottino Marco Antonio , Saavedra Guilherme de Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni , de Melo Renata Marques 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives This in vitro study was performed to evaluate fatigue survival by shear test in the union of leucite-reinforced feldspathic ceramic using different cement thicknesses.
Materials and Methods Leucite-reinforced glass ceramics blocks were sectioned in 2-mm thick slices where resin cylinders were cemented. The samples were distributed in two experimental groups (n = 20) according to the cement thickness (60 and 300 μm). The specimens of each group were submitted to the stepwise fatigue test in the mechanical cycling machine under shear stress state, with a frequency of 2 Hz, a step-size of 0.16 bar, starting with a load of 31 N (1.0 bar) and a lifetime of 20,000 cycles at each load step.
Results The samples were analyzed in a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy to determine the failure type. There is no significant difference between the mean values of shear bond strength according to both groups. Log-rank (p = 0.925) and Wilcoxon (p = 0.520) tests revealed a similar survival probability in both cement layer thicknesses according to the confidence interval (95%). The fracture analysis showed that the mixed failure was the most common failure type in the 300-μm thickness group (80%), while adhesive failure was predominant in the 60-μm thickness group (67%). The different cement thicknesses did not influence the leucite ceramic bonding in fatigue shear testing; however, the thicker cement layer increased the predominance of the ceramic material failure.
Conclusion The resin cement thicknesses bonded to leucite ceramic did not influence the long-term interfacial shear bond strength, although thicker cement layer increased the ceramic material cohesive failure. Regardless the cement layer thickness, the shear bond strength lifetime decreases under fatigue.
SLAP Injury and the Superior Labrum
Authors: Jain Abhishek , Aniq Hifz , Mistry Alpesh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInjuries around the superior labrum are a common cause of shoulder dysfunction and pain. The injuries sustained result mainly from repetitive microtrauma but can also occur following a fall on outstretched hand. Both athletic and general populations can be affected. Injuries to the superior labrum are called superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) tears. Based on cross-sectional imaging findings, the literature defines four main SLAP tears (I–IV) and six extended types (V–X). An accurate description of imaging findings of the SLAP tear type, along with concomitant findings, aids clinicians in treatment planning. We also briefly discuss management options, postoperative appearance of superior labral repair, and the diagnosis of a retear.
Imaging of the Long Head of Biceps Tendon and Rotator Interval
Authors: McKean David , Teh James 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article reviews the imaging and common pathology of the long head of biceps tendon and rotator interval (RI). This area of complex anatomy plays a crucial role in normal shoulder function. Injury or abnormality of the RI may contribute to a range of shoulder pathology, such as biceps instability, tendinopathy, and frozen shoulder. Understanding the normal and pathologic appearances of the RI structures is crucial for a correct diagnosis and directing treatment.
Thrombosis in Pregnant Women with Hematological Malignancies: A Case-Based Review
Authors: Krayem Baher , Brenner Benjamin , Horowitz Netanel A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer and pregnancy induce a procoagulant environment which may lead to maternal and fetal complications, such as venous thromboembolism, fetal growth restriction, and fetal loss. The incidence of hematological malignancies diagnosed during pregnancy is rising, and thrombotic events in such malignancies are not rare. Management of thrombosis during pregnancy poses a therapeutic challenge, that is further exacerbated by the impact of cancer. The available data on managing pregnant women with hematological malignancies are limited to those with myeloproliferative neoplasms, mainly essential thrombocythemia, and, to a lesser extent, polycythemia vera. Low-dose aspirin is recommended throughout pregnancy, and considering treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin and interferon formulations is advised for high-risk patients. Currently, guidelines for handling thrombotic events in pregnant women with lymphoma or leukemia are lacking, and their management is based on data extrapolated from retrospective studies, and guidelines for prevention and treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis. The present case-based review will focus on the complex issue of thrombotic risk in pregnant women with hematological malignancies, specifically myeloproliferative neoplasms, lymphomas, and leukemias.
Free Flap Donor-Site Complications and Management
Authors: Archibald Hunter , Stanek Joel , Hamlar David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFree flap harvest will occasionally result in donor-site complications and morbidity. Most of these complications are managed simply without producing lingering effects on activities of daily living. However, some patients will sustain limb weakness, gait issues, chronic pain, and nonhealing wounds. Frank preoperative discussion between surgeon and patient is essential to maximize postoperative outcome and manage expectations. Fastidious surgical technique will help minimize the risks of hematoma, seroma, and infection, while newer techniques can help prevent some issues with wound healing, limb weakness, and sensory changes. In this article, we describe the rates of common and rare complications at free flap donor sites, as well as techniques to prevent and manage them.
Cydia caryana (Fitch). [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: December 2022

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for Cydia caryana (Fitch). Lepidoptera: Tortricidae. Hosts: pecan (
Carya illinoinensis
), hickory (
Carya ovata
) and walnut (
Juglans nigra
).
Distributed spectral pairwise ranking algorithms
Authors: Guo Zheng-Chu , Hu Ting , Shi Lei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper considers spectral pairwise ranking algorithms in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. The concerned algorithms include a large family of regularized pairwise learning algorithms. Motivated by regularization methods, spectral algorithms are proposed to solve ill-posed linear inverse problems, then developed in learning theory and inverse problems. Recently, pairwise learning tasks such as bipartite ranking, similarity metric learning, Minimum Error Entropy principle, and AUC maximization have received increasing attention due to their wide applications. However, the spectral algorithm acts on the spectrum of the empirical integral operator or kernel matrix, involving the singular value decomposition or the inverse of the matrix, which is time-consuming when the sample size is immense. Our contribution is twofold. First, under some general source conditions and capacity assumptions, we establish the first-ever mini-max optimal convergence rates for spectral pairwise ranking algorithms. Second, we consider the distributed version of the algorithms based on a divide-and-conquer approach and show that, as long as the partition of the data set is not too large, the distributed learning algorithm enjoys both computational efficiency and statistical optimality.
Effect of cryogenic grinding on surface characteristics of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Authors: Singh Pankaj Kumar , Kumar Santosh , Jain Pramod Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing has the potential to develop three-dimensional customized components directly in a layered fashion. One of the major challenges is the surface roughness of components fabricated by this process. An experimental investigation into the effect of cryogenic grinding on the surface characteristics of direct metal laser sintered (DMLS) Ti-6Al-4V alloy has been performed. Before experimentation, the DMLS Ti-6Al-4V components were heat-treated at 800 °C for 1.5 h to relieve the residual stresses generated during fabrication. The surface morphology, microhardness, and surface roughness were measured and evaluated. The results show that there were significant effects of different grinding characteristics and environments on the grinding forces, temperature, surface roughness, force ratio, microhardness, and surface quality of DMLS components. The surface roughness under cryogenic conditions can offer a better surface finish (reduced from 5.94 μm to 0.259 μm) with low grinding forces (reduced by 57%) and temperature as compared to dry grinding (reduced from 5.94 μm to 0.356 μm). Higher microhardness was observed due to an increase in temperature during dry grinding.
Origins and cavity-based regulation of optical anisotropy of α-MoO3 crystal
Authors: Shen Wanfu , Yu Yu , Huang Yufeng , Ma Guoteng , Yao Chengyuan , Sun Lidong , Hu Chunguang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Orthogonal α-MoO3 is one of the most common and air-stable compounds of molybdenum, holding the merits of wide bandgap, van der Waals (vdW) structure, biaxial symmetry and recently discovered hyperbolic topological transitions, which has drawn significant attention in developing novel nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. Herein the broadband optical anisotropy, one of the most fundamental physical characteristics of α-MoO3 crystal, was systematically investigated using a combination of spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and reflectance difference spectroscopy (RDS). The centimeter-level high-quality α-MoO3 crystal was grown by modified physical vapor deposition. The optical refractive indices along three crystalline axes were precisely determined by SE in the broad spectral range (400–1600 nm), and then the in-plane and out-plane birefringence was analyzed. Both the intrinsic and resonant cavity modulated optical anisotropy of α-MoO3 was studied by polarization-resolved RDS, from which we find the physical origins of linear dichroism are dominated by electronical transitions along the c-axis. Furthermore, the external photonic cavity of SiO2 enables enhanced sensitivity to view electronical transitions and a high modulation ratio of optical anisotropy reached 30, which provides new opportunities to tune optical anisotropy for polarized photonic devices. Our results can help understand the physical origin of the highly optical anisotropy of α-MoO3 and establish an effective metrological tool to study other types of vdW crystals.
Effect of heat treatment process parameters on the microstructure and properties of GH4720Li superalloy
Authors: Wei Zhang , Jingnan Li , Ruifeng Dong , Zishuai Chen , Jian Li , Xing Zhou , Qingzeng Wang , Jinglong Qu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The solution temperature and aging temperature of GH4720Li superalloy are the critical factors in determining its microstructure stability and mechanical properties. However, the matching of solution temperature, primary aging temperature, and second aging temperature greatly influences the final microstructure and mechanical properties, and the mechanism was rarely studied. In this paper, the effects of solution temperature, aging temperature, and other process parameters on the grain size, precipitated phase, and mechanical properties of GH4720Li superalloy were systematically studied by orthogonal experiment, and a set of optimal heat treatment process parameters were found. The results show that the sample was solution treated in the temperature range of 1060 °C ∼ 1120 °C. When the solution temperature was 1160 °C ∼ 1100 °C, although the primary γ ′ phase gradually dissolved, the secondary γ ′ phase gradually increased, and the primary γ ′ phase was pinned at the grain boundary to hinder the grain growth, and the hardness of the alloy gradually increases. When the solution temperature exceeded 1100 °C, the primary γ ′ phase dissolved in large quantities, the grains grew up rapidly, and the hardness of the alloy decreased. The sample was subjected to two-stage aging treatment in the temperature range of 650 °C ∼ 770 °C and 760 °C ∼ 880 °C. As the aging temperature increased, the primary γ ′ phase of the sample gradually grew, and the ability to pin the grain boundary weakened. The volume fraction of the secondary γ ′ phase of the sample gradually decreased and coarsened, resulting in grain growth and a gradual decrease in the hardness of the sample. When the samples were treated by 1100 °C/OC × 4 h + 650°C /AC × 8 h + 760 °C/AC × 8 h, the grain size of the sample was the smallest, the average grain size was 4.5 μm, the distribution of γ ′ phase was the most uniform, and the mechanical properties are the best, reaching 47 HRC.
Impact of perioperative steroid administration in patients undergoing elective liver resection: meta-analysis
Authors: Jötten Laila , Steinkraus Kira C , Traub Benno , Graf Sandra , Mihaljevic André L , Kornmann Marko , Michalski Christoph W , Hüttner Felix J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Perioperative steroid administration may improve postoperative outcomes in major abdominal surgery by reducing the systemic inflammatory response. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of perioperative steroid administration on outcomes after elective liver resection.

Methods
PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing perioperative steroid administration with placebo, standard of care, or no steroids with respect to postoperative outcomes, particularly postoperative complications. Two independent reviewers critically appraised the studies and extracted data. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model with ORs calculated for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences (MDs) for continuous outcomes.

Results
Ten RCTs comprising 930 patients were included. Perioperative steroid administration significantly reduced the overall postoperative complication rate (OR 0.61, 95 per cent c.i. 0.43 to 0.87; P = 0.006; I2 = 26 per cent). No significant differences were shown for individual complications. Several postoperative laboratory parameters were positively affected, like total serum bilirubin (MD −0.46; 95 per cent c.i. −0.74 to −0.18; P = 0.001; I2 = 80 per cent), interleukin 6 (MD −48.99; 95 per cent c.i. −60.72 to −37.27; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 0 per cent) and C-reactive protein (MD −5.20; 95 per cent c.i. −7.62 to −2.77; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 71 per cent). There were no signs of an increase in potential steroid-induced adverse events, namely infectious complications, thromboembolic events, or bleeding.

Conclusions
Perioperative steroid administration significantly reduces the overall complication rate after elective liver resection without an increased risk of adverse effects.
Is perioperative fast-track management the future of proximal aortic repair?
Authors: Haunschild Josephina , van Kampen Antonia , Misfeld Martin , Von Aspern Konstantin , Ender Jörg , Zakhary Waseem , Borger Michael A , Etz Christian D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The Bentall procedure is the gold standard for patients with combined aortic root dilation and valve dysfunction. Over the past decade, fast-track (FT) perioperative anaesthetic management protocols have progressively evolved. We reviewed our results for selected patients undergoing Bentall surgery under an FT protocol.

METHODS
We retrospectively analysed a consecutive cohort of patients who underwent elective Bentall procedures at our institution between 2000 and 2018. Complex aortic root repair (i.e. David and Ross procedure, redo surgery, major concomitant procedures, emergency repair for acute dissections) was excluded. Patients who underwent conventional perioperative treatment and those treated according to our institutional FT concept were compared following 1:1 propensity score matching.

RESULTS
Of 772 patients who fit the in- and exclusion criteria, 565 were treated conventionally post-surgery, while 207 were treated using the FT protocol. Propensity score matching resulted in 197 pairs, with no differences in baseline characteristics after matching. In-house mortality, 30-day mortality and overall all-cause long-term mortality were comparable between the FT and the conventionally treated cohort. Postoperative anaesthetic care unit/intensive care unit length-of-stay (6.2 vs 20.6 h, P = 0.03) and postoperative ventilation times (158.9 vs 465.5 min, P &lt; 0.001) were significantly shorter in the FT cohort. There were no differences in rates of postoperative adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS
In centres with experienced anaesthesiologists, perioperative FT management is non-inferior to conventionally treated patients undergoing elective Bentall procedures without compromising patient safety.