bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in pediatric kidney and liver transplant recipients
Authors: Kitano Taito , Schwartz Kevin L. , Abdulnoor Mariana , Garfield Hartley , Booran Nasser Khodai , Avitzur Yaron , Teoh Chia Wei , Hébert Diane , Allen Upton 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSolid‐organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of developing human papillomavirus‐related diseases.MethodsTo evaluate the immunogenicity of a quadrivalent vaccine, a prospective observational study included females aged 12–19 years who had received kidney or liver transplants, or were otherwise healthy volunteers. With the three‐dose vaccination, serum antibodies were measured.ResultsThe study included 17 transplant recipients (seven kidney and 10 liver) and 16 healthy participants. Six of seven kidney transplant recipients were on three immunosuppressive medications, whereas 9 of the 10 liver transplant recipients were on one. For the serology within 6 months from the last vaccine dose, the geometric mean titers of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 were 26.7, 8.6, 35.7, and 42.4 (kidney transplant); 579.2, 569.3, 3097.3, and 835.7 (liver transplant); and 860.5, 638.8, 4391.6, and 902.6 milli‐Merck Units/ml (healthy). The seropositivity rates of kidney transplant recipients for the four serotypes ranged from 50% to 75%, while all liver transplant recipients and healthy participants had 100% seropositivity rates for all four types. While there were no statistical differences of titers between liver transplant recipients and healthy participants, the titers of kidney transplant recipients were lower than those of healthy participants for type 6 (p = .034), type 11 (p = .032), and type 16 (p = .032).ConclusionsThe results support the recommendation of human papillomavirus vaccination in pediatric transplant recipients given the significant risk of human papillomavirus‐related diseases in this population, though immunogenicity was lower in kidney transplant recipients on multiple immunosuppressive medications.
The blurred line between epistemic and metaphysical modalities in the modal epistemology of imagination
Authors: Larrauri Pertierra Iñaki Xavier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractModal epistemologies that rely on a fallibilism about modal claims have been gaining traction over the years. This paper critically discusses the accounts of Kung (2009, 2010, 2016) and Dohrn (2018, 2019, 2020b) and argues that they are invariably susceptible to being read as entailing claims of epistemic possibility. Both Kung and Dohrn seek to ground modal intuitions on non‐modal ones, and primarily appeal to the modalizing capacity of imagination to aid in the discovery of modal truths. However, insofar as inference from non‐modal imagination to modal truths remains fallible, then no non‐ad hocdistinction can be made between substantiation of fallible metaphysically modal claims and infallible epistemically modal ones. This is because, barring an agent's infallible knowledge of modal truths, how these truths are argued for must attend the agent's imperfect epistemic access thereof, therefore entailing claims of modality consistent with her epistemic state—that is, claims of epistemic possibility. If modal epistemologies in general non‐modally ground their modal assertions in this fallible fashion, then they seem inevitably interpretable in terms of epistemic possibility as opposed to some non‐epistemic reading of metaphysical possibility.
Recalibrating prognostic models to improve predictions of in‐hospital child mortality in resource‐limited settings
Authors: Ogero Morris , Ndiritu John , Sarguta Rachel , Tuti Timothy , Aluvaala Jalemba , Akech Samuel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn an external validation study, model recalibration is suggested once there is evidence of poor model calibration but with acceptable discriminatory abilities. We identified four models, namely RISC‐Malawi (Respiratory Index of Severity in Children) developed in Malawi, and three other predictive models developed in Uganda by Lowlaavar et al. (2016). These prognostic models exhibited poor calibration performance in the recent external validation study, hence the need for recalibration.ObjectiveIn this study, we aim to recalibrate these models using regression coefficients updating strategy and determine how much their performances improve.MethodsWe used data collected by the Clinical Information Network from paediatric wards of 20 public county referral hospitals. Missing data were multiply imputed using chained equations. Model updating entailed adjustment of the model's calibration performance while the discriminatory ability remained unaltered. We used two strategies to adjust the model: intercept‐only and the logistic recalibration method.ResultsEligibility criteria for the RISC‐Malawi model were met in 50,669 patients, split into two sets: a model‐recalibrating set (n = 30,343) and a test set (n = 20,326). For the Lowlaavar models, 10,782 patients met the eligibility criteria, of whom 6175 were used to recalibrate the models and 4607 were used to test the performance of the adjusted model. The intercept of the recalibrated RISC‐Malawi model was 0.12 (95% CI 0.07, 0.17), while the slope of the same model was 1.08 (95% CI 1.03, 1.13). The performance of the recalibrated models on the test set suggested that no model met the threshold of a perfectly calibrated model, which includes a calibration slope of 1 and a calibration‐in‐the‐large/intercept of 0.ConclusionsEven after model adjustment, the calibration performances of the 4 models did not meet the recommended threshold for perfect calibration. This finding is suggestive of models over/underestimating the predicted risk of in‐hospital mortality, potentially harmful clinically. Therefore, researchers may consider other alternatives, such as ensemble techniques to combine these models into a meta‐model to improve out‐of‐sample predictive performance.
The Global Survey of Public Servants: Evidence from 1,300,000 Public Servants in 1,300 Government Institutions in 23 Countries
Authors: Schuster Christian , Mikkelsen Kim Sass , Rogger Daniel , Fukuyama Francis , Hasnain Zahid , Mistree Dinsha , Meyer‐Sahling Jan , Bersch Katherine , Kay Kerenssa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how public administrations around the world function and differ is crucial for strengthening their effectiveness. Most comparative measures of bureaucracy rely on surveys of experts, households, or firms, rather than directly questioning bureaucrats. Direct surveys of public officials create granular data for analysis and government action, so are becoming a cornerstone of public sector management. This article introduces the Global Survey of Public Servants (GSPS), a global initiative to collect and harmonize large‐scale, comparable survey data on public servants. The corresponding GSPS data set currently contains responses from 1,300,000+ bureaucrats in 1,300+ government institutions in 23 countries. The surveys measure both employee attitudes (such as job satisfaction and motivation), and their experience with management practices (such as recruitment and performance management). This harmonized data enables governments to benchmark themselves and scholars to study comparative public administration and the state differently, based on micro‐data from actors who experience government first‐hand.
Beyond hollowing out: Public sector managers and the use of external management consultants
Authors: Kirkpatrick Ian , Sturdy Andrew J. , Reguera Alvarado Nuria , Veronesi Gianluca 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExpenditure on management consultants in public sector organizations is generally seen as contributing to a “hollowing out” of the state through the substitution of internal management capability. However, there is little systematic evidence for this view which also ignores how public sector managers may, themselves, drive consulting use. Looking at 125 English public hospitals over 6 years, we explore the relationship between the development and composition of management functions and spending on consultants. Our findings show the absence of a substitution effect and, therefore, challenge the “hollowing out” thesis. Instead, they point to a more active, occupationally varied and political use of consultancy. We find that larger management functions overall are associated with greater reliance on consultants—a complementary relationship. However, where a higher proportion of managers are engaged in internal consulting functions, this results in the lower use of external management consultants, with implications for theory, research and policy.
A tiered pathway toward sustainability: The role of public administrators in advancing social equity in U.S. local governments
Authors: Cheng Shaoming , Ali Susannah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEquity is a central value for public administration as a field and for the advancement of sustainability, yet it is disproportionately and significantly underrepresented and underprioritized in U.S. local governments' sustainability priorities. Equity is referred to as one of the three essential “Es” in sustainability along with environment and economy. Since the first Minnowbrook Conference held in 1968, advancing social equity has become one of the chief goals of public administration as equity emerged as one of the discipline's four “Es” along with economy, efficiency, and effectiveness. In light of this, to what extent are public administrators' concerns and efforts impactful in embracing and advancing social equity in sustainable development? With ICMA's 2015 Local Government Sustainability Practices Survey, this paper offers a unique understanding of localities' tiered realization of sustainability priorities as well as factors correlated with ascending upwards through the tiered pathway of prioritizing sustainability orientation.
Rural Lifestyles and Life Politics: Reimagining Modernity in the Development of a Future Village in China
Authors: Wang Yi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLifestyles signify who people are and who people want to be. They contain one's value orientation toward the world. The speeding urbanization over the globe has made the urban lifestyle mainstream, and so does it in China. The overwhelming range of options in cities represents a consumerist society, but meanwhile, there is an emergent underground alternative, especially from the younger generations who are pursuing a “more meaningful life.” This paper does an ethnographic study on young Chinese urbanites' engagement in a village as an essential example of this trend. It argues that young people's choice for rural life is a reaction and a resistance to the social forces of consumerism and urbanization. By reflecting on the reimagination of modernity and life politics in the changing process, the research implies that accompanied by opportunities for social change, young people's promotion of rural lifestyles could be linked to the government's development agenda, and this might potentially cause new forms of inequalities in rural development. By drawing on practical experience, the paper brings narratives about young Chinese urbanites' life choices in rural places into the discussion of modernity and life politics, hopefully exemplifying a broader sociological contribution around the topic.
Molecular and structural characterization of a novel high‐prevalence antigen of the Augustine blood group system
Authors: Vrignaud Cédric , Mikdar Mahmoud , Duval Romain , Reininger Luc , Damaraju Vijaya L. , Sawyer Michael , Colin Yves , Le Van Kim Caroline , Gelly Jean‐Christophe , Etchebest Catherine , Peyrard Thierry , Azouzi Slim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn antibody directed against a high‐prevalence red blood cell (RBC) antigen was detected in a 67‐year‐old female patient of North African ancestry with a history of a single pregnancy and blood transfusion. So far, the specificity of the proband's alloantibody remained unknown in our immunohematology reference laboratory.Study Design and MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the proband's DNA. The reactivity to the SLC29A1‐encoded ENT1 adenosine transporter was investigated by flow cytometry analyses of ENT1‐expressing HEK293 cells, and RBCs from Augustine‐typed individuals. Erythrocyte protein expression level, nucleoside‐binding capacity, and molecular structure of the proband's ENT1 variant were further explored by western blot, flow cytometry, and molecular dynamics calculations, respectively.ResultsA missense variant was identified in the SLC29A1 gene, which encodes the Augustine blood group system. It arises from homozygosity for a rare c.242A > G missense mutation that results in a nonsynonymous p.Asn81Ser substitution within the large extracellular loop of ENT1. Flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that the proband's antibody was reactive against HEK‐293 cells transfected with control but not proband's SLC29A1 cDNA. Consistent with this finding, proband's antibody was found to be reactive with At(a‐) (AUG:–2), but not AUG:–1 (null phenotype) RBCs. Data from structural analysis further supported that the proband's p.Asn81Ser variation does not alter ENT1 binding of its specific inhibitor NBMPR.ConclusionOur study provides evidence for a novel high‐prevalence antigen, AUG4 (also called ATAM after the proband's name) in the Augustine blood group system, encoded by the rare SLC29A1 variant allele AUG*04 (c.242A > G, p.Asn81Ser).
Acute phase proteins in cats: Diagnostic and prognostic role, future directions, and analytical challenges
Authors: Rossi Gabriele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile clinical studies on acute phase proteins (APPs) have significantly increased in the last decade, and most commercial labs are now offering major APPs in their biochemical profiles, APP testing has not been widely adopted by veterinary clinical pathologists and veterinarians. Measurement of APP concentration is a useful marker for detecting the presence or absence of inflammation in cats with various diseases. APPs can also be reliably measured in different biological fluids (eg, effusions and urine) to improve their diagnostic utility. Measurement of APPs can be extremely beneficial in cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) to discriminate between FIP and non‐FIP cats with similar clinical presentations. Additional benefits come from multiple and sequential measurements of APPs, particularly in the assessment of therapeutic efficacy. APPs are more sensitive than WBC counts for early detection of inflammation and to demonstrate an early remission or recurrence of the diseases. Given the potential utility of APPs, more studies are warranted, with a particular focus on the applications of APPs to guide the length of antimicrobial therapies, as suggested by the antimicrobial stewardship policy. New inflammatory markers have been discovered in human medicine, with a higher specificity for distinguishing between septic versus nonseptic inflammatory diseases. It is desirable that these new markers be investigated in veterinary medicine, to further test the power of APPs in diagnostic setting.
Prediction of blood volume to be processed to achieve a target number of CD34+ cells: Development, validation and implementation of a formula
Authors: García‐García Irene , Cid Joan , Moreno‐Jiménez Gemma , Tenorio Núñez María , Jiménez Martín Ana , Vallés Carboneras Ana , Velázquez‐Kennedy Kyra , Lozano Miquel , López‐Jiménez Francisco‐Javier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCalculation of blood volume (BV) to be processed to achieve the target number of CD34+ cells can be accomplished by using collection efficiency 2 (CE2) formula. Our aim was to develop a BV web formula.Materials and MethodsWe calculated CE2 from aphereses performed between January 2015 and March 2020 in allogeneic donors and patients. From May 2020 to May 2021, we validated a formula: BV = ((Target CD34+ cells in the product)/(CD34+ pre‐apheresis cells × CE2)) × 100. Subsequently, we compared the outcome of the procedures carried out before formula implementation (pre‐formula), when standard three total BV collection was performed.ResultsCE2 was assessed in 384 apheresis procedures before formula implementation. CE2 was higher in allogeneic donors than in patients (53% ± 17% vs. 48% ± 15%, p = 0.008). CE2 was higher in multiple myeloma and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma than Hodgkin's lymphoma (48% ± 15%, 48% ± 15% and 42% ± 13%, respectively; p = 0.008). Our formula (available on a website: Publisheet) was prospectively used in 54 individuals. The formula was very accurate: predicted versus observed CD34 + cells/kg collected had an r‐value of 0.89 (p < 0.0001). We compared their results with 78 pre‐formula individuals. In the post‐formula group, a greater BV was processed in patients and less BV in allogeneic donors. Among individuals under 60 years of age, it was significantly less frequent than the need for more than one apheresis in the post‐formula group.ConclusionFormula calculations were accurate. Formula implementation allowed the optimization of the procedures and reduced the rate of individuals in need of apheresis for more than 1 day.
Criteria for the Dyslexic Games: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Abu Bakar Nur Azzah , ChePa Noraziah , Sie-Yi Laura Lim 
Published: February 2023

The advancement of technology has witnessed the increasing use of game-based intervention and it is proven beneficial for people with specific learning disorder such as Dyslexia. Initially developed for entertainment, a game is generally considered a tool with the key features of challenge, motivation, and rewards which add more fun and excitement to Dyslexia teaching and learning. Many game applications have been developed in the area; each incorporates several criteria to meet the specific needs of the dyslexics. To date, these criteria are still dispersed in numerous publications, leading to the duplication of basic games that have previously been developed by others. This study aimed to identify the dispersed criteria by adopting PRISMA approach in the systematic literature review, and analyze them to formulate a comprehensive guideline for future design and development of the dyslexic games. Five main databases were chosen which are Scopus, ACM Digital Library, EBSCO-host, Wiley and Web of Science (WOS). Out of 551 articles that have been screened, only 50 articles were eligible to be analyzed based on the relevancy to the criteria, and only 23 articles were included in the study after further screening. A total of 135 criteria were identified with some redundancies, and were further classified into four categories: device and platform; features; interface and gameplay. These criteria can be utilized by the educational game developers as reference when designing the dyslexic games. A better dyslexic-friendly games could be produced when the developers design it with their special learning needs in mind.
How do financial incentives in parenting skills programs effect engagement and outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Hodson Nathan , Majid Madiha , James Richard , Graham Eileen K. , Mroczek Daniel K. , Beidas Rinad S. 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
This systematic review will investigate the effects of financial incentives on engagement with and outcomes of evidence-based parenting skills programs to prevent and treat disruptive behavior disorders.

Introduction:
Evidence-based parenting skills programs are a first-line treatment in disruptive behavior disorders (ie, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), but fewer than half of referred parents complete these programs. When untreated, children affected by disruptive behavior disorders are at elevated risk for incarceration, drug misuse, and education under-performance. Financial incentives can improve parents’ engagement with parenting skills programs and are increasingly popular strategies in public health policy to increase rates of compliance with health interventions. However, no previous systematic review or meta-analysis of financial incentives in parenting skills programs has been conducted.

Inclusion Criteria:
Randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies (ie, studies with a control group allocated through a non-random process) testing the effects of financial incentives on engagement will be included. Study participants must be in a guardian role to a person under 18 years of age. There will be no restrictions on country setting. Only English-language publications will be included.

Methods:
We will search PubMed, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, Cochrane Trials, and PsycINFO databases for relevant articles. Two independent reviewers will screen abstracts for eligibility. Data will be extracted from eligible articles by 2 researchers and results will be presented in tabular and narrative format, along with a meta-analysis using a random effects model and assessment of heterogeneity.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42022336210
Methods to Estimate Energy Expenditure, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Time in Pregnant Women: A Validation Study Using Doubly Labeled Water
Authors: Alomairah Saud Abdulaziz , Knudsen Signe de Place , Roland Caroline Borup , Hergel Ida-Marie , Molsted Stig , Clausen Tine D. , Løkkegaard Ellen , Bendix Jane M. , Maddison Ralph , Löf Marie , Larsen Jakob Eg , Hall Gerrit van , Stallknecht Bente 
Published: February 2023

Background: Activity trackers and the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) measures physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED). However, none of these tools have been validated against a criterion method in pregnancy. We aimed to compare a consumer activity tracker and the Danish version of PPAQ (PPAQ-DK) and to validate them using the doubly labeled water technique (DLW) as criterion method. Methods: A total of 220 healthy pregnant women participated. Total energy expenditure (TEE), PA energy expenditure (PAEE), and PA level were determined at gestational Weeks 28–29 using DLW and a Garmin Vivosport (Garmin, Olathe, KS) activity tracker. In addition, PAEE, moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA, and SED were determined using the activity tracker and PPAQ-DK during all three trimesters. Results: TEE from the activity tracker and DLW correlated (r = .63; p < .001), but the activity tracker overestimated TEE (503 kcal/day). Also, the activity tracker overestimated PAEE (303 kcal/day) and PA level compared with DLW. Likewise, PPAQ-DK overestimated PAEE (1,513 kcal/day) compared with DLW. Compared to PPAQ-DK, the activity tracker reported lower values of PAEE and moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA and higher values of SED during all three trimesters. Conclusions: When compared to DLW, we found better agreement of PAEE estimates from the activity tracker than from PPAQ-DK. TEE from the tracker and DLW correlated moderately well, but this was not the case for PAEE or PA level. The activity tracker measured lower PA and higher SED than PPAQ-DK throughout pregnancy. The consumer activity tracker performed better than the questionnaire, but both significantly overestimated PA compared to DLW.