bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening of diagnostic markers related to immune infiltration in osteoarthritis patients based on machine learning
Authors: Yang Su , Li Xi-yong , Wang Yue-peng , liao Chang-sheng , Han Peng-yong , Han Peng-fei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose We analyze the immune infiltration model of osteoarthritis to determine the relevant diagnostic biomarkers (OA), and to provide some help for the treatment and diagnosis of OA. Methods From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we downloaded GSE168505 and GSE114007 gene expression datasets, including 24 patients and 21 healthy controls. The R softwareLimmapackage andSVApackage were used to analyze the batch effect. We selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and we then analyzed the DEGs’ functional enrichment. We performed differential analysis to pick out the differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) in the merged data set. We first selected the candidate genes by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method, and then further screened the diagnostic markers by support vector machine-recursive feature elimination algorithm (SVM-RFE). In dataset GSE129147, the diagnostic value was determined by drawing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. In addition, we used the CIBERSORT program to assess the 22 kinds immune cells of infiltration models. Finally, an in vitro cell model of OA was established by interleukin-1β(IL-1β) to verify the bioinformatics results. Results Through differential analysis, 454 differential genes were identified, mainly involved ossification, extracellular matrix organization, collagen − containing extracellular matrix, metalloendopeptidase activity, PI3K − Akt signaling pathway, regulation of cell population proliferation, and other biological processes. We screened BIRC5 and TNFSF11 as candidate biomarkers by machine learning. In the data set GSE129147, BIRC5 and TNFSF11 were verified as diagnostic markers of OA by the ROC curve. The following correlation analysis found that BIRC5 and TNFSF11 were correlated with Mast cells resting, NK cells resting, Monocytes, Plasma cells, Eosinophil, Macrophages M0, and Macrophages M2. The expression of BIRC5 and TNFSF11 was up-regulated in the OA model in vitro. Conclusion We conclude that BIRC5 and TNFSF11 can be biomarkers for diagnosing OA. This discovery provides a direction for the occurrence of OA and the exploration of new treatment methods from the perspective of immunology.
Prevalence and Risk factors of Diabetes foot ulcers in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu Raliyatu , Gezawa Ibrahim D , Uloko Andrew E , Ramalan Mansur A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Foot complications account for more hospital admissions than any other Diabetes Mellitus (DM) complications with adverse outcomes being foot ulcers and amputation.
Objective:To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic foot ulcers in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the diabetes outpatient clinics, medical and surgical wards of two hospitals in Kano, Nigeria. Data was collected on Socio – demographic characteristics, type and duration of DM. The study subjects were assessed for presence and risk factors for foot ulcers.
Results: We recruited 394 patients with DM (163 males and 231 females) with mean (SD) age and duration of DM of 50.8±12.5years and 7.72±6.65years respectively. Type 2DM was present in 95% of the study subjects. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) was present in 57(14.5%) of the patients. Risk factors associated with DFU assessed using univariate analysis were older age, longer duration of DM, presence of Peripheral neuropathy(PN), Peripheral arterial disease(PAD), diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, foot deformities, previous DFU and poor glycemic control. The independent determinants of DFU were previous DFU, foot deformities, retinopathy, PN, PAD and poor glycemic control.
Conclusion: DFU can be relatively found in our setting and the predominant risk factors for DFU are common and still remain unchanged in our environment. This study therefore buttresses the effect of early detection and treatment of DM in preventing the complications that arise from the disease.
Defining Medication Discontinuation from Prescription Claims Records to Initiate Clinical Intervention in Schizophrenia &amp; Bipolar disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Musker Michael , Lewis Martin , Schrader Geoffrey , Isaac Vivian , Strobel Jorg , Bidargaddi Niranjan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: Digitally accessible prescription claims have potential utility in timely identification and active follow up interventions for unsupervised medication discontinuation in consumers with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, that may prevent relapse and other adverse outcomes. We conducted a systematic review in order to identify and understand definitions of non-adherence from prescription claims records to serve as decision points for interventions.
Methods: Electronic searches were conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PsycINFO on 12 January 2020 to identify studies published in English. Data extraction was done by two reviewers independently. A narrative synthesis and tabulation of outcomes was performed. PROSPERO (CRD42020201708).
Results: Thirty-one studies were eligible for analysis. Three common computing parameters were used to calculate non-adherence over 12 months, the Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) was used most frequently (21 studies - 68%) with a non-adherence threshold <0.8 (or <80% use of the full prescription of medication) in 55% of studies (n=17). All studies defined non-adherence retrospectively, and the main outcome reported by most studies was increased hospitalisation (24 of 31 studies – 77%).
Discussion: Computing non-adherence from prescription claim records is a potential decision point for interventions. Better utilisation of this widely available data should be used to improve clinical practice and ensure targeted access to services.
Conclusion: While there was variation in methods used to compute non-adherence parameters from prescription claims records, all approaches demonstrated that non-adherence was associated with adverse outcomes, the foremost of which was rehospitalisation and increased costs of care.
Prospero Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020201708
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an electronic mindfulness-based intervention to improve maternal mental health in the peripartum: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Branjerdporn Grace , Gillespie Kerri , Martin Elizabeth , Kissane Vivianne , De Young Alex , Ewais Tatjana , Goldsmith Kathleen , Wilson Susan , Adhikary Sam , McGahan Greg , Schulz Constanze , Beckmann Michael 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Perinatal women are highly vulnerable to developing mental health issues, and particularly susceptible to a recurrence of psychiatric illness. Poor mental health during the perinatal period can have long-term impacts on the physical and psychiatric health of both mother and child. A potentially useful strategy to improve women’s mental health is through a mobile application teaching mindfulness; an evidence-based technique helping individuals focus on the present moment.
Methods: A mixed method, prospective randomised controlled trial. The study group comprise women aged 18 years and over, who are attending the public and private maternity clinics at Mater Mothers’ Hospital. A sample of 360 prenatal women will be randomised into the intervention group (with use of the mindfulness app) or usual care. Participants will remain in the study for 11 months and will be assessed at four timepoints for changes in postnatal depression, mother-infant bonding, and quality of life. A cost-effectiveness evaluation will also be conducted using Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) calculations. A random selection of intervention participants will be invited to attend focus groups to give feedback on the mindfulness app.
Discussion: Previous studies have found mindfulness interventions can reduce stress, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances in a prenatal population. The risks of the intervention are low, but could be of significant benefit for women who are unable to attend face-to-face appointments due to geographical, financial, or time barriers; during endemic or pandemic scenarios; or due to health or mobility issues.
Trial registration: This study was approved by the Mater Misericordiae Human Research Ethics Committee (83589). The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) (Trial ID: ACTRN12622001581752).
The TAS1R2 sweet taste receptor regulates skeletal muscle mass and fitness
Authors: Kyriazis George , Serrano Joan , Boyd Jordan , Mason Carter , Smith Kathleen , Karolyi Katalin , Kondo Saki , Brown Ian , Maurya Santosh , Meshram Nishita , Serna Vanida , Gilger Joshua , Branch Daniel , Gardell Stephen , Baskin Kedryn , Ayala Julio , Pratley Richard , Goodpaster Bret , Coen Paul 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Muscle fitness and mass deteriorate under the conditions of obesity and aging for reasons yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we describe a novel pathway linking peripheral nutrient sensing and skeletal muscle function through the sweet taste receptor TAS1R2 and the involvement of ERK2-PARP1-NAD signaling axis. Muscle-specific deletion of TAS1R2 (mKO) in mice produced elevated NAD levels due to suppressed PARP1 activity, improved mitochondrial function, increased muscle mass and strength, and prolonged running endurance. Deletion of TAS1R2 in obese or aged mice also ameliorated the decline in muscle mass and fitness arising from these conditions. Remarkably, partial loss-of-function of TAS1R2 (rs35874116) in older, obese humans recapitulated the healthier muscle phenotype displayed by mKO mice in response to exercise training. Our findings show that inhibition of the TAS1R2 signaling in skeletal muscle is a promising therapeutic approach to preserve muscle mass and function.
Spatial-temporal heterogeneity of the coupling between digital economy and ecological efficiency and its influencing factors in China
Authors: Zheng Ziyan , Zhu Yingming , Wang Yi , Yang Yaru , Fang Zijun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The synergy of the digital economy and ecological efficiency is the foundation for achieving a win-win situation for the economy and the environment in the post-epidemic era. It is the catalyst for sustainable economic growth and high-quality development in China. Specifically, the study applies modified E-G index, super-efficiency slacks-based measure (SBM) with Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) index, entropy weight Topsis, coupling coordination degree and other models to explore the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of the coupling between digital economy and ecological efficiency. In addition, the internal mechanism of coupling is analyzed from the dimensions of industrial collaboration, technological innovation, environmental regulation, and other aspects. The results show that the coupling between digital economy and ecological efficiency is an upward trend from imbalance to synergy in China on the whole. The distribution of the coupling at the synergistic level expanded from point-like to band-like, and the pattern of spreading from east to the center and west was significant. The number of cities in the transitional level decreased significantly. It can be seen that the jump phenomenon and linkage effect of coupling in space and time are significant. Additionally, the absolute difference among cities has expanded. Although the coupling in the west has the fastest growth rate, the coupling of the east and resource-based cities still has obvious advantages. Therefore, the interaction of systems has not reached the ideal coordinated state, and a benign interaction pattern has yet to be formed. Industrial synergy, industrial upgrading, government support, economic foundation, and spatial quality all show positive effect on promoting the coupling of digital economy and ecological efficiency; technological innovation reflects a certain lag; environmental regulation that has not been fully exerted needs to be used scientifically and accurately. Among them, the positive effects of government support and spatial quality performed better in the east and non-resource-based cities. Because of the continuous optimization of the industrial level, the coupling between the west and resource-based cities has achieved better dividends, but the spatial quality needs to be further improved. Therefore, the efficient coordination of China's digital economy and ecological efficiency urgently needs scientific, reasonable, localized, and distinctive manner.
COSMOS: A Platform for real-time morphology-based, label-free cell sorting using deep learning
Authors: Salek Mahyar , Li Nianzhen , Chou Hou-Pu , Saini Kiran , Jovic Andreja , Jacobs Kevin , Johnson Chassidy , Lu Vivian , Lee Esther , Chang Christina , Nguyen Phuc , Mei Jeanette , Pant Krishna , Wong-Thai Amy , Smith Quillan , Huang Stephanie , Chow Ryan , Cruz Janifer , Walker Jeff , Chan Bryan , Musci Thomas , Ashley Euan , Masaeli Maddison 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cells are the singular building blocks of life, and comprehensive understanding of morphology among other properties is crucial to assessment of underlying heterogeneity. We have developed Computational Sorting and Mapping of Single Cells (COSMOS), a platform based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and microfluidics to characterize and sort single cells based on deep learning interpretation of high-resolution brightfield images captured in real-time. Supervised deep learning models were applied to characterize and sort cell lines and dissociated primary tissue based on high-dimensional embedding vectors of morphology without need for biomarker labels and stains/dyes. We demonstrated COSMOS capabilities with multiple human cell lines and tissue samples. These early results suggest that our neural networks embedding space can capture and recapitulate deep visual characteristics and can be used to efficiently purify unlabeled viable cells with desired morphological traits. Our approach resolves a technical gap in ability to perform real-time deep learning assessment and sorting of cells based on high-resolution brightfield images, rather than limited biophysical parameters or reconstructed images.
A genome-wide co-expression network analysis revealed ZmNRAMP6-mediated regulatory pathway involved in maize tolerance to lead stress
Authors: Liu Peng , Jiang Li , Long Ping , Li Qinglin , Hou Fengxia , Yuan Guangsheng , Chen Zhong , Zhang Minyan , Zou Chaoying , Pan Guangtang , Ma Langlang , Shen Yaou 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic heavy metal pollutants, which can penetrate to plant cells via root absorption and thus cause irreversible damages to the human body through the food chain. To identify the hub gene responsible for Pb tolerance in maize, we performed a trait-associated co-expression network analysis at a genome-wide level, using two maize lines with contrasting Pb tolerances. Finally, ZmNRAMP6 that encodes a metal transporter was identified as the hub gene among the Pb tolerance-associated co-expression module. Heterologous expression of ZmNRAMP6 in yeast verified its role in Pb transport. Combined Arabidopsis overexpression and maize mutant analysis suggested that ZmNRAMP6 conferred plant sensitivity to Pb stress by transporting Pb ion from the roots to shoots. Knockout of ZmNRAMP6 caused Pb retention in the roots and activation of the antioxidant enzyme system, resulting in an increased Pb tolerance in maize. An integration of yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assay uncovered that ZmNRAMP6 was negatively regulated by a known Pb tolerance-related transcript factor ZmbZIP54. Different from the other known NRAMP genes, ZmNRAMP6 acted as a Pb transporter from the roots to shoots and environment. Collectively, knockout of ZmNRAMP6 will aid in the bioremediation of contaminated soil and food safety guarantee of forage and grain corn.
Vitamin D and Vitamin D receptor polymorphism in Asian Adolescents with primary dysmenorrhea
Authors: Donayeva Ainur , Amanzholkyzy Ainur , Nurgaliyeva Roza , Gubasheva Gulnara , Saparbayev Samat , Ayaganov Dinmukhamed , Kaldybayeva Aiman , Abdelazim Ibrahim A. , Farghali Mohamed M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: The expression of vitamin D receptor in the normal endometrium and ovaries supports the role of vitamin D in local immunity and inflammatory cytokines regulation.
Objective: This study aimed to detect the relation between serum 25(OH)D and primary dysmenorrhea.
Methods: Two hundred and five (205) adolescents complaining of primary dysmenorrhea (study group) were compared with matched controls (210 controls), after informed consent following the Helsinki Declaration.
After thorough evaluation, and pelvic ultrasound examination, blood samples were collected from the studied adolescents for measuring the serum 25(OH)D and for vitamin D receptor TaqI (rs731236) genotyping.
Collected data were analyzed using the Pearson`s correlation to detect the relation between serum 25(OH)D and primary dysmenorrhea (primary outcome). The secondary outcome measures the odds of primary dysmenorrhea in Asian adolescents with TaqI (rs731236) polymorphism.
Results: The serum 25(OH)D was significantly lower in the studied-dysmenorrhea group compared to controls (16.17 ± 7.36 versus 17.65 ± 6.36 ng/ml, respectively), (P=0.01). The correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the serum 25(OH)D, and visual analogue scale of dysmenorrhea (r=-0.9003, P<0.0001).
The studied-dysmenorrhea cases with T/t and t/t genotypes had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D (16.7 ± 8.05 and 14.4 ± 4.1 ng/ml, respectively) compared to controls (18.97 ± 6.7 and 21.4 ± 2.45 ng/ml, respectively), (P=0.02 and 0.004, respectively). The odds of primary dysmenorrhea were significantly higher in T/t and t/t genotypes (OR 1367.2, P<0.0001, and 106.2, P=0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: The serum 25(OH)D was significantly lower in the studied-dysmenorrhea group compared to controls. The studied-dysmenorrhea cases with T/t and t/t TaqI genotypes had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D compared to controls. The odds of primary dysmenorrhea were significantly higher in T/t and t/t TaqI genotypes.
Individual and population diversity of 20 representative olfactory receptor genes in pigs
Authors: Kang Mingue , Ahn Byeongyong , Youk Seungyeon , Jeon Hyoim , Soundarajan Nagasundarapandian , Cho Eun-Seok , Park Woncheoul , Park Chankyu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Understanding the influence of genetic variations in olfactory receptor (OR) genes on the olfaction-influenced phenotypes such as behaviors, reproduction, and feeding is important in animal biology. However, our understanding of the complexity of the OR subgenome is limited. In this study, we analyzed 1,120 typing results of 20 representative OR genes belonging to 13 OR families on 14 pig chromosomes from 56 individuals belonging to seven different breeds using a sequence-based OR typing method. We showed that the presence of copy number variations, conservation of locus-specific diversity, abundance of breed-specific alleles, presence of a loss-of-function allele, and low-level purifying selection in pig OR genes could be common characteristics of OR genes in mammals. The observed nucleotide sequence diversity of pig ORs was higher than that of dogs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the individual- or population-level characterization of a large number of OR family genes in livestock species.
Adaptation of the Professionalism Mini- Evaluation Exercise Instrument Into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Taşçı Ali İhsan , Akdeniz Esra , Gülpınar Mehmet Ali , Danacioglu Yavuz Onur , Sarı Emine Ergül , Yaşar Levent , Karandere Faruk , Ferahman Sina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

There is an ongoing search for standardized scales appropriate for each culture to evaluate professionalism, which is one of the basic competencies of a physician. The Professionalism Mini-evaluation Exercise (P-MEX) instrument measures professionalism that was developed in Canada. This study aimed to adapt P-MEX into Turkish and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version.

Methods

A total of 58 resident students at Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital were assessed with the Turkish version of P-MEX by 24 raters consisting of faculty members, attending physicians, peer residents, and nurses during patient room visits and outpatient clinic and group practices. For construct validity, the confirmatory factor analysis through structural equation modeling was performed. For reliability, a decision study were undertaken, and Cronbach’s alpha scores were calculated. After the administration of P-MEX was completed, the participants were asked to provide feedback on the acceptability, feasibility, and educational impact of the instrument.

Results

A total of 696 forms were obtained from the administration of P-MEX. The content validity of P-MEX was found to be appropriate by the faculty members. In the confirmatory factor analysis of the original structure of the 24-item Turkish scale, the goodness-of-fit parameters were calculated as follows: CFI = 0.675, TLI = 0.604, and RMSEA = 0.089. In the second stage, the factors on which the items loaded were changed without removing any item, and the model was modified. For the modified model, the CFI, TLI, and RMSEA values were calculated as 0.857, 0.834, and 0.057, respectively. The decision study on the results obtained from the use of P-MEX in a Turkish population revealed the necessity to perform this evaluation 18 times to correctly evaluate professionalism with this instrument. Cronbach’s alpha score was 0.844. All the faculty members provided positive feedback on the acceptability, feasibility, and educational impact of the adapted P-MEX.

Conclusion

The findings of this study showed that the Turkish version of P-MEX had sufficient validity and reliability in assessing professionalism among resident students. Similarly, the acceptability and feasibility of the instrument were found to be high, and it had a positive impact on education.
Trial registration: 2020/249, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital
Efficacy and safety of arthroscopy in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lamo-Espinosa Jose María , Mariscal Gonzalo , Gómez-Álvarez Jorge , San-Julián Mikel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare, in terms of efficacy and safety, arthroscopy with physiotherapy or joint lavage in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). A meta-analysis using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Collaboration Library database was carried out in September 2022. We included studies focusing on patients with FAI undergoing arthroscopic surgery versus physiotherapy or arthroscopic lavage. Outcomes were functional scores (iHOT-33 and HOS ADL) and adverse events. We included randomized clinical trials. Data was combined using Review Manager 5.4. (PROSPERO: CRD42022375273). A total of six RCTs were included from a pool of 839 patients (407 females). iHOT-33 and HOS ADL scales showed significant differences at 12 months in favour of the arthroscopy group (MD 10.65; 95% CI; 6.54–4.76) and (MD 8.09; 95% CI; 3.11–13.07). MCID was not achieved through arthroscopy in functional variables. The rate of osteoarthritis (OR 6.18; 95% CI; 1.06–36.00) and numbness (OR 73.73; 95% CI; 10.00-43.92) was significantly high in the arthroscopy group. Arthroscopic surgery showed statistical superiority over the control group without exceeding MCID in most studies; however, the results might have been influenced by secondary variables. Finally, arthroscopic surgery showed a high rate of conversion to osteoarthritis.