bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Debaryomyces hansenii supplementation in low fish meal diets promotes growth, modulates microbiota and enhances intestinal condition in juvenile marine fish
Authors: Sanahuja Ignasi , Ruiz Alberto , Firmino Joana P. , Reyes-López Felipe E. , Ortiz-Delgado Juan B. , Vallejos-Vidal Eva , Tort Lluis , Tovar-Ramírez Dariel , Cerezo Isabel M. , Moriñigo Miguel A. , Sarasquete Carmen , Gisbert Enric 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The development of a sustainable business model with social acceptance, makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth, health, and well-being of farmed animals. Debaryomyces hansenii is a yeast species that can be used as a probiotic in aquaculture due to its capacity to i) promote cell proliferation and differentiation, ii) have immunostimulatory effects, iii) modulate gut microbiota, and/or iv) enhance the digestive function. To provide inside into the effects of D. hansenii on juveniles of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) condition, we integrated the evaluation of the main key performance indicators coupled with the integrative analysis of the intestine condition, through histological and microbiota state, and its transcriptomic profiling.

Results
After 70 days of a nutritional trial in which a diet with low levels of fishmeal (7%) was supplemented with 1.1% of D. hansenii (17.2 × 105 CFU), an increase of ca. 12% in somatic growth was observed together with an improvement in feed conversion in fish fed a yeast-supplemented diet. In terms of intestinal condition, this probiotic modulated gut microbiota without affecting the intestine cell organization, whereas an increase in the staining intensity of mucins rich in carboxylated and weakly sulphated glycoconjugates coupled with changes in the affinity for certain lectins were noted in goblet cells. Changes in microbiota were characterized by the reduction in abundance of several groups of Proteobacteria, especially those characterized as opportunistic groups. The microarrays-based transcriptomic analysis found 232 differential expressed genes in the anterior-mid intestine of S. aurata, that were mostly related to metabolic, antioxidant, immune, and symbiotic processes.

Conclusions
Dietary administration of D. hansenii enhanced somatic growth and improved feed efficiency parameters, results that were coupled to an improvement of intestinal condition as histochemical and transcriptomic tools indicated. This probiotic yeast stimulated host-microbiota interactions without altering the intestinal cell organization nor generating dysbiosis, which demonstrated its safety as a feed additive. At the transcriptomic level, D. hansenii promoted metabolic pathways, mainly protein-related, sphingolipid, and thymidylate pathways, in addition to enhance antioxidant-related intestinal mechanisms, and to regulate sentinel immune processes, potentiating the defensive capacity meanwhile maintaining the homeostatic status of the intestine.
Inferior vena cava distensibility from subcostal and trans-hepatic imaging using both M-mode or artificial intelligence: a prospective study on mechanically ventilated patients
Authors: Sanfilippo Filippo , La Via Luigi , Dezio Veronica , Amelio Paolo , Genoese Giulio , Franchi Federico , Messina Antonio , Robba Chiara , Noto Alberto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Variation of inferior vena cava (IVC) is used to predict fluid-responsiveness, but the IVC visualization with standard sagittal approach (SC, subcostal) cannot be always achieved. In such cases, coronal trans-hepatic (TH) window may offer an alternative, but the interchangeability of IVC measurements in SC and TH is not fully established. Furthermore, artificial intelligence (AI) with automated border detection may be of clinical value but it needs validation.

Methods
Prospective observational validation study in mechanically ventilated patients with pressure-controlled mode. Primary outcome was the IVC distensibility (IVC-DI) in SC and TH imaging, with measurements taken both in M-Mode or with AI software. We calculated mean bias, limits of agreement (LoA), and intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficient.

Results
Thirty-three patients were included. Feasibility rate was 87.9% and 81.8% for SC and TH visualization, respectively. Comparing imaging from the same anatomical site acquired with different modalities (M-Mode vs AI), we found the following IVC-DI differences: (1) SC: mean bias − 3.1%, LoA [− 20.1; 13.9], ICC = 0.65; (2) TH: mean bias − 2.0%, LoA [− 19.3; 15.4], ICC = 0.65. When comparing the results obtained from the same modality but from different sites (SC vs TH), IVC-DI differences were: (3) M-Mode: mean bias 1.1%, LoA [− 6.9; 9.1], ICC = 0.54; (4) AI: mean bias 2.0%, LoA [− 25.7; 29.7], ICC = 0.32.

Conclusions
In patients mechanically ventilated, AI software shows good accuracy (modest overestimation) and moderate correlation as compared to M-mode assessment of IVC-DI, both for SC and TH windows. However, precision seems suboptimal with wide LoA. The comparison of M-Mode or AI between different sites yields similar results but with weaker correlation.

Trial registration Reference protocol: 53/2022/PO, approved on 21/03/2022
A pigmentary manifestation associated with PPP2R5D-related neurodevelopmental disorder: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Robichaud Philippe Pierre , Bouhamdani Nadia , Girouard Eugénie , Biden Emily , Ben Amor Mouna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) is one of the major serine/threonine phosphatases in humans. The most frequently reported pathogenic PP2A variants have been identified in PPP2R5D, encoding the regulatory subunit B’ delta, and are known to cause intellectual developmental disorder autosomal dominant 35 (MRD35).

Case presentation
Herein, we describe a unique case of a patient with a heterozygous pathogenic variant, c.592G>A/p.(Glu198Lys) in the PPP2R5D gene which was associated with hyperpigmented skin lesions arising from increased melanin production, known as Café-au-lait macules (CALMs). To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a PPP2R5D-related neurodevelopmental disorder associated with CALMs.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the documentation and reporting of CALMs when associated with one or more physical and/or neurodevelopmental findings are of utmost importance as they could be indicative of an underreported phenotype and may extend the phenotypic spectrum of MRD35.
Nutrient composition, antioxidant properties, and sensory characteristics of instant Kunu from pearl millet supplemented with African locust bean pulp
Authors: Olatoye Kazeem Koledoye , Irondi Emmanuel Anyachukwu , Awoyale Wasiu , Adeyemo Oluwatobi Ibukun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKunu is a millet-based, non-alcoholic, and non-carbonated energy beverage commonly consumed in the northern part of Nigeria. The nutrients composition, antioxidant properties, and sensory characteristics of instant kunu beverage made from pearl millet supplemented with African locus bean pulp (ALBP) were evaluated in this study. Instant kunu beverage was produced with 5–25% ALBP replacement for millet and freeze-dried. A control sample was produced from 100% millet. The chemical (proximate, vitamins, minerals) and phytochemical (total phenol, flavonoids, tannin, saponin, and phytates) contents and antioxidant activities, as well as the sensory properties of the beverage, were evaluated, using standard methods. The crude fiber (3.14–4.07%), total ash (1.77–3.40%), phosphorus (12.45–15.00 mg/100 g, potassium (12.00–12.55 mg/100 g), vitamin A (0.34–1.35%), and phytochemical contents (except phytate) increased significantly as the ALBP supplementation level increased in the beverage. The ranges of phenolic, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and phytate were 0.71–0.90, 0.35–0.86, 0.02–0.34, 0.02–0.34, and 0.83–0.62 mg/g, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the beverage also increased as the ALBP level in the beverage increased. All the beverage samples were generally accepted by the panelists, with an overall acceptability of 5.17 to 6.73. Hence, the instant kunu beverage made from pearl millet supplemented with African locus bean pulp may serve as a dietary source of essential nutrients and antioxidants for human nutrition.
Understanding the environmental impacts of facemasks: a review on the facemask industry and existing life cycle assessment studies
Authors: Ajaj Rahaf , Al Dweik Rania , Syed Ali Shafeeq Ahmed , Stietiya Mohammed Hashem 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has caused socioeconomic, physical, mental, and environmental upheaval. Personal protective equipment, such as face masks, was mandatory to curb the spread of the virus. The unexpected increase in demand for face masks resulted in an alarming increase in plastic waste globally. The non-biodegradable nature of the raw materials and the potential threat of microplastic pollution amplify the problem. This puts a lot of pressure on policymakers and the global supply chain to develop long-term plans to make face masks less harmful. By reviewing existing life cycle assessment studies, this study aims to provide an overview on how sustainable face masks are. Various challenges in the facemask industry such as microplastic pollution and waste management are discussed. A critical analysis on the various process hotspots is also conducted. Recommendations from this study can motivate focused research into an important field and enable the transitions towards a sustainable facemask industry.
Psychological distress among primary health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Mansoura, Egypt
Authors: Abdu Shymaa Mamdouh Mohamed , Mohamed Sahar , El-Gilany Abdel-hady 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is putting a lot of pressure on primary healthcare (PHC) workers globally. The study aimed to estimate the level of psychological distress among PHC workers during the current COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors in Mansoura, Egypt.

Methods
A cross-sectional study on 415 PHC workers was implemented using self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included socio-demographic, work-related data, and Arabic COVID-19 Psychological Distress Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors of psychological distress.

Results
More than half (53.3%) of PHC workers had high psychological distress. Multiple logistic regression showed that the significant predictors of high distress level were Para-medical PHC staff (AOR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.0–2.6), smoking (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.4–9.5), having or suspected corona infection (AOR = 3.4; 95% CI 1.5–7.8), afraid from contracting corona (AOR = 7.4; 95% CI 3.6–15.3), worry about family (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.0–6.9), worry at the beginning of the pandemic (AOR = 4.1; 95% CI 2.1–8.4), non-practice of sport (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.1–2.9), and non-training to deal with corona cases (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.1–3.3).

Conclusions
High psychological distress level was observed among PHC workers. Psychological support and timely programs should be planned to alleviate stress among PHC workers especially at-risk groups during the current pandemic.
Prognostic factors of pulmonary exacerbations severity in pediatric bronchiectasis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ali Heba A. , Salem Mona A. , Abdelwahad Marwa A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Pulmonary exacerbations have been found to negatively impact the natural course of pediatric bronchiectasis. However, prognostic factors that might predict the severity of exacerbations are poorly identified. Therefore, this study was designed to identify the best prognostic factors associated with pulmonary exacerbations severity in pediatric bronchiectasis.

Results
This retrospective cohort study involved fifty stable bronchiectasis patients including cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF bronchiectasis under the age of 18 years. The pulmonary exacerbations during the previous year were reviewed among the studied patients determining their relations with bacterial colonization, inflammatory markers, lung function, and severity scores. The severity of pulmonary exacerbations was directly related to the number of hospitals and ICU admissions (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), exacerbations frequency (P < 0.001), SPEX score (P = 0.002), inflammatory markers as sputum neutrophil elastase (P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (P < 0.001), Respiratory and Systemic Symptoms Questionnaire (RSSQ) (P < 0.001), Acute Respiratory Illness Checklist (ARIC) (P < 0.001), cough severity score (P < 0.001), and bronchiectasis severity index (BSI) (P = 0.009) in all bronchiectasis patients. Additional significant relations were found between exacerbations severity with pseudomonas colonization and FACED score (P = 0.002, P = 0.010) among CF patients and with lower body mass index (BMI) and older age (P = 0.035, P < 0.001) among non-CF bronchiectasis patients respectively.

Conclusions
Pulmonary exacerbations are prevalent among both pediatric CF and non-CF bronchiectasis patients. In this population, the best prognostic factors for pulmonary exacerbation severity were the frequency of ICU admissions and BSI more than 11 identifying their importance during bronchiectasis assessment.
An interesting presentation of a foreign body in the esophagus: a case report of awake central apnea
Authors: Çetin Mehmet , Kocaöz Fazilet Şahin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Foreign body in the esophagus is most commonly observed at the cervical esophagus level and is often detected in pediatric patients. Esophagoscopy is the definitive diagnosis and treatment instrument in foreign body ingestion, and the procedure should not be delayed to avoid serious complications such as late tracheoesophageal fistula and perforation. While sore throat, difficulty in swallowing, and hypersalivation are the main complaints in almost all patients, respiratory symptoms due to tracheal compression can also be observed.

Case presentation
We present our 5-year-old patient who presented with the complaint of foreign body ingestion, dysphagia, and hypersalivation due to foreign body in the cervical esophagus, and isolated central awake apnea, which is not seen in the literature. The patient, who had central awake apnea in the supine position, was completely normal after the removal of the foreign body.

Conclusions
Foreign bodies in the esophagus, which are not more urgent than foreign bodies in the respiratory tract, can sometimes threaten life through central apnea in the acute process, and one should be alert.
Cardiac cavernous hemangioma with high fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on preoperative positron emission tomography/computed tomography: a case report
Authors: Kobayashi Takuma , Numata Satoshi , Hohri Yu , Kawajiri Hidetake , Yaku Hitoshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Reports on cardiac hemangioma detection by F-18-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) are extremely rare.

Case presentation
Here we describe a case of a 61-year-old man with hemangioma. CT revealed a tumor with a size of 60 mm. Magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Hemangioma was initially suspected. However, PET/CT showed high FDG absorption, which led us to suspect a malignant tumor. The tumor was resected, and a cavernous hemangioma diagnosis was made by postoperative histopathological examination.

Conclusions
This case may serve as a reference for clinicians to become more aware of the potential application of FDG PET/CT for cardiac hemangioma detection.
Effects of oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets on peripheral blood T cell levels in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma with moderate to severe cancer pain
Authors: Yan Juan , Xie Zheng-zheng , Ma Na , Zheng Mao-dong , Qiao Ting-ting , Wang Yu 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To investigate the effects of morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets on T-cell levels in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC) with moderate to severe cancer pain.
Methods: A retrospective study was used, ninety-eight patients who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University for treatment of advanced LUSC with moderate to severe cancer pain between January 2021 and December 2021 were randomized into two groups(n=49 each) using the sealed envelope system. The reference group was treated with morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets, while the experimental group received oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets to compare pain relief rates(PRRs), levels of T cells, pain intensity, et al. Blood samples were collected for lymphocyte levels by flow cytometry.
Results: The experimental group had significantly higher level than the reference group(P<0.05). Before administration, the two groups did not differ greatly in levels of T-cell subsets or pain scores on the visual analog scale(P>0.05, respectively). At 15 days of administration, the Treg level in the experimental group was higher than in the reference group; T helper 17 and 22 cells were reduced in both groups, and the decrease was more pronounced in the experimental group. At seven and 15 days of administration, the experimental group had a VAS score significantly lower than the reference group(P<0.05). The total adverse reaction rate was significantly lower in the experimental group as compared with the reference group(P<0.05).
Conclusions: Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets demonstrate desirable efficacy and safety in advanced LUSC with moderate to severe cancer pain by modulating T-cells in the body and improving the PRR.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6772
How to cite this: Yan J, Xie Z, Ma N, Zheng M, Qiao T, Wang Y. Effects of oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets on peripheral blood T cell levels in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma with moderate to severe cancer pain. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6772
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Does patient’s position count during Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-pancreatography? Left lateral decubitus versus prone position
Authors: Alam Laima , Khan Rao Saad Ali , Saeed Farrukh , Sher Farrukh , Khan Rao Zaid Ali 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of left lateral decubitus versus prone position during endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography (ERCP).
Methods: This prospective single-centre cohort study was carried out at Pak Emirates Military Hospital from January to June 2021. Patients requiring ERCP were subsequently allotted LL or PP group randomly (unequal randomization) except patients with recent abdominal surgery, in-dwelling catheters, raised intra-abdominal pressure, cervical spine abnormalities and limb contractures. Qualitative data was analysed using frequencies and chi square statistics whereas, quantitative data was analysed using mean±SD and student T or Mann Whitney U-test.
Results: A total of 114 patients were enrolled according to the inclusion criteria with 62(54%) males and majority of the patients (42%) belonging to the age group 31-45 years. The most common ERCP indication was choledocholithiasis (36%). Technical success was achieved in 109(96%) patients with no statistically significant difference between the two groups. The total time of procedure, time for deep cannulation, time for acquiring therapeutic goal and ERCP complexity level were all similar between the two groups. The rate of inadvertent PD cannulation and PEP were relatively higher for the PP group but were statistically non-significant through univariate and logistic regression analyses and the only outcome measure that showed significance was multiple cannulations in the PP group.
Conclusion: The study concludes that LL is non-inferior to PP and both positions have comparable outcomes with non-significant differences in terms of technical success rate, complications (specifically PEP), total procedure time, time required for deep cannulation and attainment of goal, ERCP complexity level and inadvertent PD cannulation.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6932
How to cite this: Alam L, Khan RSA, Saeed F, Sher F, Khan RZA. Does patient’s position count during Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography? Left lateral decubitus versus prone position. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6932
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Muscle function around the hip after operation for Fibrous Dysplasia of Proximal Femur with Varus Deformity
Authors: Lang Zhigang , Zhang Xu 
Published: July 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to analyse the clinical effect of surgery for patients with fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the proximal femur with varus deformity, detect the muscle function around the hip joint.
Methods: This is a retrospective study. A total of 20 patients who underwent operation for FD of the proximal femur with varus deformity at West China Hospital, from January 2018 to October 2022 were included in this study. The peak torque (PT) of muscle strength during abduction, adduction, flexion and extension of bilateral hip joints was measured by an isokinetic muscle test and training system associated with the comparison of bilateral hip joints, to evaluate the function of muscles around the hip joint after operation.
Results: The difference between the length of the affected limb and the healthy side was 1~2 cm in seven cases and <1 cm in 13 cases. The force line showed no abnormality in 15 affected limbs, which deviated from the center of the knee joint by 3-5 mm in five cases. The average PT during abduction of hip joints on the affected side of 20 patients was significantly lower than that on the healthy side, which was also reduced evidently during adduction and flexion of hip joints on the affected side compared with that on the healthy side.
Conclusions: After effective recovery of the force line and length of the affected limb in patients with FD of the proximal femur with deformity, functional abnormalities of muscles are still present to a certain extent.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6987
How to cite this: Lang Z, Zhang X. Muscle function around the hip after operation for Fibrous Dysplasia of Proximal Femur with Varus Deformity. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6987
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.