bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mode stability results for the Teukolsky equations on Kerr–anti-de Sitter spacetimes
Authors: Graf Olivier , Holzegel Gustav 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We prove that there are no non-stationary (with respect to the Hawking vectorfield), real mode solutions to the Teukolsky equations on all

(
3
+
1
)

-dimensional subextremal Kerr–anti-de Sitter spacetimes. We further prove that stationary solutions do not exist if the black hole parameters satisfy the Hawking–Reall bound and

a

−
Λ

<

3

20

. We conclude with the statement of mode stability which preludes boundedness and decay estimates for general solutions which will be proven in a separate paper. Our boundary conditions are the standard ones which follow from fixing the conformal class of the metric at infinity and lead to a coupling of the two Teukolsky equations. The proof relies on combining the Teukolsky–Starobinsky identities with the coupled boundary conditions. In the stationary case the proof exploits elliptic estimates which fail if the Hawking–Reall bound is violated. This is consistent with the superradiant instabilities expected in that regime.
Phonon dispersion curves in the type-I crystalline and molten clathrate compound Eu8Ga16Ge30
Authors: Hasegawa Takumi , Inui Masanori , Onimaru Takahiro , Kajihara Yukio , Hosokawa Shinya , Nakajima Yoichi , Matsuda Kazuhiro , Takabatake Toshiro , Hiroi Satoshi , Uchiyama Hiroshi , Tsutsui Satoshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The dynamic structure factor

S
(
Q
,
E
)

, where Q and E are momentum and energy transfer, respectively, has been measured for liquid Eu8Ga16Ge30 (EGG), using inelastic x-ray scattering. The excitation energy of the longitudinal acoustic mode in the liquid was scaled to that in liquid Ba8Ga16Sn30 (BGS) with the effective mass. This result means that the local structure in both liquids are similar. The longitudinal acoustic excitation energy of type-I clathrate compound EGG disperses faster than that in the liquid, suggesting that the interatomic force is weakened on melting. The lower energy excitation was observed in both liquid EGG and liquid BGS. In comparison with the longitudinal phonon dispersion in crystalline clathrate compound EGG obtained by density functional theory-based calculations, the lower energy in the liquid was found to be near the optical mode energy. The result indicates that the lower energy mode arises from the relative motion between Eu and (Ga, Ge) atoms.
UK audit of variation in nuclear medicine occupational exposure calculations in 2021
Authors: Murray Anthony W , Memmott Matthew 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
It is a core requirement of UK ionising radiations regulations 2017 (IRR17) compliance for radiation risk assessments and the investigation of accidental exposure scenarios that the magnitude of doses likely to be encountered are evaluated. A novel national audit was undertaken to investigate the variation in dose estimations for a range of foreseeable accidental exposure scenarios in nuclear medicine (NM). Participants were asked to estimate the levels of exposure in 15 foreseeable scenarios; covering whole-body and extremity exposures from external sources, internal exposure and exposures from skin (surface contamination and needle-stick injury) and eye contamination. Questions were intentionally simplified to reduce variation from assumptions made by the participants and to focus more on the underlying gross systematic variation. Twenty-seven centres participated. There was generally a very wide variation in the estimated exposures across all the categories of exposures, apart from internal exposure estimates. Whilst there was no ground truth for each individual question, the variation in results itself often exceeded the relevant threshold for classification and annual dose limits. The majority of variation was due to differences in methods, models and assumptions used by each participant. This audit raises questions around how IRR17 compliance can be universally demonstrated with such wide national variation. It evidences the need for a more standardised practice in NM radionuclide exposure estimates through national consensus guidelines or standards etc.
Improved YOLOv3 model with feature map cropping for multi-scale road object detection
Authors: Shen Lingzhi , Tao Hongfeng , Ni Yuanzhi , Wang Yue , Stojanovic Vladimir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Road object detection is an essential and imperative step for driving intelligent vehicles. Generally, road objects, such as vehicles and pedestrians, present the characteristic of multi-scale and uncertain distribution which puts a high demand on the detection algorithm. Therefore, this paper proposes a YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once v3)-based method aimed at enhancing the capability of cross-scale detection and focusing on the valuable area. The proposed method fills an urgent need for multi-scale detection, and its individual components will be useful in road object detection. The K-means-GIoU algorithm is designed to generate a priori boxes whose shapes are close to real boxes. This greatly reduces the complexity of training, paving the way for fast convergence. Then, a detection branch is added to detect small targets, and a feature map cropping module is introduced into the newly added detection branch to remove the areas with high probability of background targets and easy-to-detect targets, and the cropped areas of the feature map are filled with a value of 0. Further, a channel attention module and spatial attention module are added to strengthen the network’s attention to major regions. The experiment results on the KITTI dataset show that the proposed method maintains a fast detection speed and increases the mAP (mean average precision) value by as much as 2.86

%

compared with YOLOv3-ultralytics, and especially improves the detection performance for small-scale objects.
Validation of IMEP on Alcator C-Mod and JET-ILW ELMy H-mode plasmas
Authors: Luda T , Angioni C , Dunne M G , Fable E , Kallenbach A , Bonanomi N , Schneider P A , Siccinio M , Tardini G , Rodriguez-Fernandez P , Hughes J W , Howard N , Frassinetti L , Saarelma S , Upgrade Team The ASDEX , MST1 Team The EUROfusion , C-Mod Team The Alcator , contributors JET 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The recently developed integrated model based on engineering parameters (IMEP) (Luda et al 2020 Nucl. Fusion
61 126048; Luda et al 2021 Nucl. Fusion
60 036023), so far validated on ASDEX Upgrade, has been tested on a database of 3 Alcator C-Mod and 55 JET-ILW ELMy (type I) H-mode stationary phases. The empirical pedestal transport model included in IMEP, consisting now of imposing a fixed value of

R
<
∇

T

e

>

/

T

e
,
t
o
p

=
−
82.5

, allows an accurate prediction of the pedestal top temperature (when the pedestal top density is fixed to the experimental measurements) across these three machines with different sizes, when the pedestal is peeling–ballooning (PB) limited. Cases far from the ideal PB boundary, corresponding to high edge Spitzer resistivity, are instead strongly overpredicted by IMEP. A comparison between the predictions of Europed and IMEP for a subset of JET-ILW cases shows that IMEP can more accurately reproduce the experimental pedestal width. This allows IMEP to better capture profile effects on the pedestal stability, and therefore to correctly describe the negative effect of fueling on the pedestal pressure for PB limited cases. A strong correlation between the separatrix density and the fueling rate has been identified for a subset of JET-ILW cases, when taking into account different divertor configurations. Overall, these promising results encourage further developments of integrated models to obtain reliable predictions of pedestal and global confinement using only engineering parameters for present and future machines.
Critical points in coupled Potts models and correlated percolation
Authors: Lamsen Noel , Diouane Youness , Delfino Gesualdo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We use scale invariant scattering theory to exactly determine the renormalization group fixed points of a q-state Potts model coupled to an r-state Potts model in two dimensions. For integer values of q and r the fixed point equations are very constraining and show in particular that scale invariance in coupled Potts ferromagnets is limited to the Ashkin–Teller case (

q
=
r
=
2

). Since our results extend to continuous values of the number of states, we can access the limit r → 1 corresponding to correlated percolation, and show that the critical properties of Potts spin clusters cannot in general be obtained from those of Fortuin–Kasteleyn clusters by analytical continuation.
Topological Dirac sigma models and the classical master equation
Authors: Chatzistavrakidis Athanasios , Jonke Larisa , Strobl Thomas , Šimunić Grgur 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present the construction of the classical Batalin–Vilkovisky (BV) action for topological Dirac sigma models. The latter are two-dimensional topological field theories that simultaneously generalise the completely gauged Wess–Zumino–Novikov–Witten model and the Poisson sigma model. Their underlying structure is that of Dirac manifolds associated to maximal isotropic and integrable subbundles of an exact Courant algebroid twisted by a 3-form. In contrast to the Poisson sigma model, the AKSZ construction is not applicable for the general Dirac sigma model. We therefore follow a direct approach for determining a suitable BV extension of the classical action functional with ghosts and antifields satisfying the classical master equation. Special attention is paid to target space covariance, which requires the introduction of two connections with torsion on the Dirac structure.
The matricellular protein Drosophila Cellular Communication Network Factor is required for synaptic transmission and female fertility
Authors: Catudio Garrett Elizabeth , Bielawski Ashley M , Ruchti Evelyne , Sherer Lewis M , Waghmare Indrayani , Hess-Homeier David , McCabe Brian D , Stowers R Steven , Certel Sarah J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Within the extracellular matrix, matricellular proteins are dynamically expressed nonstructural proteins that interact with cell surface receptors, growth factors, and proteases, as well as with structural matrix proteins. The cellular communication network factors family of matricellular proteins serve regulatory roles to regulate cell function and are defined by their conserved multimodular organization. Here, we characterize the expression and neuronal requirement for the Drosophila cellular communication network factor family member. Drosophila cellular communication network factor is expressed in the nervous system throughout development including in subsets of monoamine-expressing neurons. Drosophila cellular communication network factor-expressing abdominal ganglion neurons innervate the ovaries and uterus and the loss of Drosophila cellular communication network factor results in reduced female fertility. In addition, Drosophila cellular communication network factor accumulates at the synaptic cleft and is required for neurotransmission at the larval neuromuscular junction. Analyzing the function of the single Drosophila cellular communication network factor family member will enhance our potential to understand how the microenvironment impacts neurotransmitter release in distinct cellular contexts and in response to activity.
Transitions Between Mild Cognitive Impairment, Dementia, and Mortality: The Importance of Olfaction
Authors: Knight Jamie E , Yoneda Tomiko , Lewis Nathan A , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , Bennett David A , Piccinin Andrea M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
The existing literature suggests that impaired olfaction may be an early marker for cognitive decline. Tracking the earliest stages of the progression to dementia is paramount, and yet the importance of olfactory ability throughout cognitive states and death remains unclear.

Methods
Drawing data from the Rush Memory and Aging Project (N = 1 501; 74% female), olfactory ability was assessed using the Brief Smell Identification Test (range = 0–16), while cognitive states (unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and dementia) were determined using a 3-step neuropsychological diagnostic protocol at up to 15 annual occasions. Multistate survival models simultaneously estimated the association of olfactory ability on transitions through cognitive states and death, while multinomial regression models estimated cognitively unimpaired and total life expectancies.

Results
Higher olfactory scores were associated with a reduced risk of transitioning from unimpaired cognition to MCI (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82–0.88) and from MCI to dementia (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.86–0.93), indicating that 1-unit increase in olfactory scores was associated with an approximate 14% and 11% reduction in risk, respectively. Additionally, higher olfactory scores were associated with a greater likelihood of transitioning backward from MCI to unimpaired cognition (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.02–1.12). Furthermore, higher baseline olfactory scores were associated with more years of longevity without cognitive impairment. However, olfaction was not associated with the transition to death when accounting for transitions through cognitive states.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that higher olfactory identification scores are associated with a decreased risk of transitioning to impaired cognitive states and that associations between olfaction and mortality may occur primarily through the pathway of neurodegeneration.
Canine Model of Human Frailty: Adaptation of a Frailty Phenotype in Older Dogs
Authors: Lemaréchal Romane , Hoummady Sara , Barthélémy Inès , Muller Claude , Hua Julie , Gilbert Caroline , Desquilbet Loïc 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFrailty is a clinical presentation resulting from age-related cumulative declines in several physiological systems. The aim of this study was to adapt the concept of frailty to the domestic dog, as a model for frailty research, by characterizing a 5-criterion frailty phenotype using objective measurement, and to investigate its independent association with death. A prospective cohort including 80 Labrador and Golden Retriever dogs aged 9 years or older was conducted between March 2015 and July 2020. An adapted frailty phenotype was defined according to the presence of 5 criteria (weakness, slowness, poor endurance, low physical activity, and shrinking) evaluated at baseline from physical performance tests and items from questionnaire and physical examination. Survival analysis was used to investigate the association between frailty status and time to all-cause death over 5 years of follow-up. Frailty status was significantly associated with all-cause death, with median survival times of 10.5 months, 35.4 months, and 42.5 months, respectively for dogs with 3 or more criteria (frail dogs), dogs with 1 or 2 criteria (prefrail dogs), and nonfrail dogs. Independently of age, sex, breed, sterilization, and sex-sterilization interaction, frail dogs died significantly faster than nonfrail dogs at baseline (adjusted hazard ratio = 5.86; 95% confidence interval = 2.45–14.0; p &lt; .01). This significant association persisted after controlling for other potential confounders. Frailty, assessed by a 5-criterion phenotype, was predictive of all-cause death, in geriatric Labrador and Golden Retriever dogs. The concept of frailty seems adaptable to the dog.
Cross-Border Bank Flows and Systemic Risk
Authors: Karolyi G Andrew , Sedunov John , G. Taboada Alvaro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We find that heightened cross-border bank flows are associated with lower systemic risk in a target country’s banking system. The reductions in systemic risk are stronger for flows coming from source countries with stronger regulatory oversight than the target country. Such cross-border bank flows linked to regulatory arbitrage are also associated with improvements in target banking sector profitability, asset quality, and efficiency. We assess several alternative channels of influence for cross-border bank flows but interpret the evidence on these flows as mostly consistent with a benign form of regulatory arbitrage.
Regulatory T-cells in asthma
Authors: Harb Hani , Chatila Talal A. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose of review
This review addresses recent progress in our understanding of the role of regulatory T (Treg) cells in enforcing immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis in the lung at steady state and in directing the immune response in asthmatic lung inflammation.

Recent findings
Regulatory T cells regulate the innate and adaptive immune responses at steady state to enforce immune tolerance in lung tissues at steady state and their control of the allergic inflammatory responses induced by allergens. This regulatory function can break down in the context of chronic asthmatic airway inflammation such that the lung tissue Treg cells become skewed towards a pathogenic phenotype that aggravates and perpetuates disease. Subversion of lung tissue Treg cell function involves their upregulation of Notch4 expression, which in turn acts to amplify T helper type 2 and type 17 and innate lymphoid cell type 2 responses in the airways.

Summary
A dual role for Treg cells has emerged both as immune regulators but also a potential disease effectors in asthma, with implications for disease therapy.
Gore-Tex Suture-Associated Endophthalmitis in a Scleral-Sutured Intraocular Lens
Authors: Mogil Rachel S. , Ferenchak Kevin , Starr Matthew R. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:

Purpose:
To describe a unique case of Gore-Tex (Gore Medical, Arizona, USA), suture-associated delayed-onset endophthalmitis in a patient with a history of scleromalacia, pathologic myopia, multiple prior vitrectomies in the setting of an scleral sutured intraocular lens.

Methods:
Retrospective case report.

Patient:
A 69-year-old man complained of blurry vision and eye pain 21 months after implantation of a scleral-sutured intraocular lens and was found to have an exposed Gore-Tex suture with scleromalacia, vision loss to hand motion, a hypopyon and vitritis. He was diagnosed with culture-positive endophthalmitis. He had a previous history of a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair and subsequent dislocated intraocular lens in this eye treated with a scleral sutured intraocular lens. A vitreous tap and injection of broad-spectrum antibiotics and suture removal at the slit lamp were performed at the time of presentation. One week later he later underwent pars plana vitrectomy and removal of the intraocular lens.

Results:
Following the tap and inject and subsequent lens removal, his vision has returned to his pre-operative vision of 20/100 with refraction.

Discussion:
Gore-Tex suture is a non-absorbable and flexible option with great tensile strength that has emerged as a favored alternative to polypropylene for the use in transscleral fixated intraocular lenses. While endophthalmitis and suture erosion are known complications of this procedure, this report describes one of the first cases of Gore-Tex associated-endophthalmitis.
Factors Associated With Running-Related Injuries in Recreational Runners With a History of Running Injuries
Authors: Fokkema Tryntsje , Varkevisser Núria , de Vos Robert-Jan , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita M. A. , van Middelkoop Marienke 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
To identify the incidence and characteristics associated with a higher injury risk in recreational runners who suffered a running-related injury (RRI) in the previous 12 months.

Design:
Prospective cohort study among recreational runners who registered for a Dutch running event (5-42.2 km) and suffered an RRI in the 12 months before inclusion.

Setting:
Open population.

Participants:
Recreational runners with a previous reported injury.

Assessment of Risk Factors:
At baseline, information on demographics, training characteristics, health complaints, and RRI history was collected.

Main Outcome Measures:
With 3 follow-up questionnaires (2 weeks before, 1 day after, and 1 month after the running event), the occurrence of new RRIs was registered.

Results:
In total, 548 participants (55.1%) sustained a new RRI during follow-up. In total, 20.5% of the new RRIs was located at the same anatomical location as the previous RRI. Runners who registered for a marathon had a higher chance to sustain a new RRI [odd ratio (OR) 1.72; 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 1.17-2.53]. Also previous RRIs in the upper leg (OR 1.59; 95% CI, 1.15-2.19) and lower leg (OR 1.61; 95% CI, 1.18-2.21) were associated with an increased injury risk.

Conclusions:
Especially being a marathon runner and the anatomical location of previous RRIs seem to be associated with the injury risk in recreational runners with a previous RRI.
Increasing awareness of adverse childhood experiences in nurse practitioner students
Authors: Moody Amy , Kindschuh Alice 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are reported in most children, and significant ACEs are associated with neurological changes and chronic conditions. Despite this, routine screening for early identification and intervention is rare. To increase screening frequency, education for providers including nurse practitioners is critical. This project provided asynchronous education on ACEs for family nurse practitioner (FNP) students with preeducation and posteducation survey links. The survey items focused on three key areas: knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs). T-tests were run to determine improvements in knowledge and skills questions and for Likert scale ratings on the attitude questions. Statistical significance was found in skills questions and in knowledge questions for one implementation site, and overall increases were seen in all areas from preeducation to posteducation results. This improvement in KSAs toward ACEs for FNP students showed that increased knowledge and understanding of skills also increased the reported willingness to screen patients in primary care to improve overall health outcomes.
The clinical utility of polygenic risk scores for combined hyperlipidemia
Authors: Dron Jacqueline S. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose of review
Combined hyperlipidemia is the most common lipid disorder and is strongly polygenic. Given its prevalence and associated risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, this review describes the potential for utilizing polygenic risk scores for risk prediction and management of combined hyperlipidemia.

Recent findings
Different diagnostic criteria have led to inconsistent prevalence estimates and missed diagnoses. Given that individuals with combined hyperlipidemia have risk estimates for incident coronary artery disease similar to individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia, early identification and therapeutic management of those affected is crucial. With diagnostic criteria including traits such apolipoprotein B, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride, polygenic risk scores for these traits strongly associate with combined hyperlipidemia and could be used in combination for clinical risk prediction models and developing specific treatment plans for patients.

Summary
Polygenic risk scores are effective tools in risk prediction of combined hyperlipidemia, can provide insight into disease pathophysiology, and may be useful in managing and guiding treatment plans for patients. However, efforts to ensure equitable polygenic risk score performance across different genetic ancestry groups is necessary before clinical implementation in order to prevent the exacerbation of racial disparities in the clinic.