bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Mapping for Researching and Acting Upon Environmental Conflicts – The Case of the EJAtlas
Authors: Del Bene Daniela , Ávila Sofia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we revise the trajectory and relevance of the Global Atlas of Environmental Justice (EJAtlas) as one of the main research projects and outcomes of the Barcelona Research Group in Environmental Justice Studies and Political Ecology. We first trace the origins, scope, and methodology of the EJAtlas as a unique participatory mapping project that is both global in scope and informed by the co-production of knowledge between academia and groups seeking environmental justice. We then highlight how the work of the EJAtlas reflects and contributes to a larger trend in the field of Environmental Justice that looks to integrate critical cartography and mapping practices into both research and activist efforts. Looking ahead, we reflect on the limits and unresolved challenges of the platform, as well as on the innovative uses of the tool for advancing a spatial, comparative, and statistical political ecology.
A Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology
Authors: Martínez-Alier Joan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe first 21 years of my life were spent in Barcelona (all of them under General Franco’s regime, since I was born in 1939). The following 14 years I spent in Oxford, Stanford, in Andalusia and again in Oxford (St. Antony’s College) until 1973. In between, long stays in Cuba, Peru and Brazil and some periods in Paris, with the publishing house of Ruedo ibérico. At 35 years of age and feeling rather defeated by the lack of “transitional justice” in Spain after Franco’s death, I came back to Barcelona, with a chair in the new Universitat Autònoma (UAB) in Economics and Economic History, which I held until I was 70 years of age. I continued my travels in the sabbatical years, to Oxford in 1984–1985, Stanford again in 1988–1989, to Ecuador (the Flacso in Quito) in 1995–1995, to Yale University in 1999–2000 and in the meantime also often to India after my first visit in 1988. My interests and my books followed this trajectory, first some books on agrarian history and land conflicts in Andalusia, Cuba and Peru between 1968 and 1977, then between 1984 and 2022 many books on ecological economics and political ecology.
(In)Justice in Urban Greening and Green Gentrification
Authors: Anguelovski Isabelle 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLarge cities are increasingly using urban greening, nature-centered projects, and green infrastructure to address socio-environmental and health challenges and harness widespread benefits for citizens, industries, and investors, while protecting existing urban ecosystems, resources, environmentally-sensitive areas, and built infrastructure. This chapter starts with the argument that the alliance of urban redevelopment with greening creates a paradox and examines the production of inequalities as a result of greening projects. I argue that even while greening certainly provides economic, ecological, health, and social benefits to many, it may create new and deeper vulnerabilities and processes of green gentrification for historically marginalized residents – working-class groups, minorities, and immigrants – even in the many cases where interventions are meant to redress historic inequalities in the provision of parks or green spaces. Urban greening inequalities are thus particularly acute because of what can be defined as “green gaps” upon which municipalities, private investors, and privileged residents capture a “green rent” through new commercial and residential investments. As a result, as I show in this chapter, urban greening interventions targeting lower-income, minority, and immigrant neighborhoods risk being increasingly associated with a GreenLULU or green Locally Unwanted Land Use (Anguelovski, J Plan Lit, 1–14, 2016). Last, I examine civic responses to green inequalities and close this chapter with a broader discussion around the need to repoliticize urban greening practices.
Iberian Anarchism in Environmental History
Authors: Gorostiza Santiago 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a renewed interest in anarchism from both social movements and critical academic circles. When tracing the genealogy of anarchist perspectives since the nineteenth century, radical geographers have pointed out the importance of the anarchist movement in Spain, and particularly in the city of Barcelona. During the 1960s and 1970s, authors like Murray Bookchin shared an interest in social ecology with a militant passion to vindicate the historical significance of Spanish anarchism and the achievements of anarcho-syndicalist collectives in the 1936 revolution. Before interest in these perspectives faded among critical geographers in the 1980s and 1990s, the experience of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) was key to the research on the relation between social anarchism and the environment. In the context of the emergence of political ecology and environmental history in Spain during the 1990s, I examine the scholarship on human ecology and Iberian anarchism, first developed by Eduard Masjuan in the journal Ecología Política. Masjuan’s doctoral research, supervised by Joan Martínez-Alier, delved into the rich debates on urbanism and birth control that took place in anarchist circles from Catalonia to Latin America between 1860 and 1937. Masjuan’s research constitutes an essential reference to explore the depth of the environmental dimensions of Spanish anarchism during these years and has informed degrowth discussions on population and the collective ethics of self-limitation. Despite the impact of Masjuan’s research, I argue that the environmental history and political ecology of the 1936 revolution is still to be written. I show some examples of work to date, from urban water management under anarcho-syndicalist principles to collectivised urban agriculture. Finally, I point out that, while not always acknowledged, the influence of anarchist practices can also be found in the research on today’s social movements carried out at the Barcelona school of political ecology and ecological economics.
The Ups and Downs of Feminist Activist Research: Positional Reflections
Authors: Mingorria Sara , Binimelis Rosa , Monterroso Iliana , Ravera Federica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTrained in the fields of ecological economics and political ecology, we are four women activist-researchers motivated by and interested in contributing to processes of social transformation. In this chapter, we make visible part of our critical thinking process in academia, departing from our experience in the fields of food sovereignty, commons and institutions, climate change, and environmental justice. Our common base ground at the Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and our similar experiences in Participatory Action Research processes in the Global North and Global South converge in this chapter. Connecting the theoretical learning with our activist role in the field, we pretend to invite an exercise of feminist reflexivity that implies reflecting on the positionality of us as activist-researchers: the challenges, the ups and downs we have experienced, and the mutual support woven into these processes. Such exercise contributes to open new windows for a radical critic to neoliberal academia and a transformative change needed in our way of doing transdisciplinary science.
Agrobiodiversity in Mexican Environmental Policy
Authors: Arizpe Nancy , Escobar-Moreno Dario 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMexico is a biologically and culturally megadiverse country. The cultures in the country developed a great technological experience over thousands of years with which they have been able to use and manage between 5000 and 7000 plant and animal species. Therefore, this complex socio-environmental framework maintains a process of coevolution of around 10,000 years. However, since the middle of the last century, and with special emphasis during the last three decades, agricultural modernization policies were promoted based on the paradigm of the Green Revolution. In this chapter, we explore the potential that Mexico has to revalue its agrobiodiversity and achieve the objective of food sovereignty, based on the use of analytical techniques from the socio-environmental branch of Barcelona School of Ecological Economics.
Work and Needs in a Finite Planet: Reflections from Ecological Economics
Authors: Gómez-Baggethun Erik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDrawing on work from Joan Martínez Alier, this chapter discusses the contribution of ecological economics to thinking concrete utopias, with attention to the future of work. First, I note how cultural, economic, technological and environmental changes are destabilizing established conceptions of work. Second, I review alternative visions on the future of work, with an emphasis on the case for a Universal Basic Income. Next, I discuss common criticisms addressed to these visions. Finally, drawing on early ecological economic texts rescued from oblivion by Martínez Alier, I discuss the case for a Universal Civil Service, a variant of basic income premised in the egalitarian distribution of the volume of work required for the reproduction of society. I call for expanding traditional emphasis in basic income debates on individual freedoms towards considerations of collective justice, and I make a case for a future of work organized around the principle of fair distribution of minimal necessary work.
Metaphysical Midwifery and the Living Legacy of Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen
Authors: Farrell Katharine N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough classified by many as a sub-field of economics, ecological economics was originally conceived of, in the late 1980s, as a transdiscipline, employing a range of expertise, in collaboration with social actors, to address a common matter of concern: how to halt, and reverse, the rampant destruction of the biological substrate of life on earth, which is being caused by modern industrialization? From humble beginnings, ecological economics today enjoys increasing recognition as a key academic discourse addressing the combined challenges of social and ecological instability that characterize the global assemblages of twenty-first century human society. At least in part, this can be seen as a result of circumstance having demonstrated the foresight of early contributors to the discourse, among them, Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen. Both his censure, from the early 1970s until his death in the mid-90s, and the recent renaissance of interest in his work help illustrate something exceptional about The Barcelona School of ecological economics and political ecology: the costs and benefits of a persistent commitment to understanding the human condition as an embedded part of the complex living-systems dynamics of planet earth. Central to this posture are two elements common to the work of both Georgescu-Roegen and Joan Martínez-Alier, long one of his staunchest advocates, and to the Barcelona School of ecological economics and political ecology: i. systematic and structured attention to the historicity of contemporary socio-ecological situations and ii. formal attention to constructing what Foucault, in responding to Kant, once called “a critical ontology of ourselves.” The former reflects a critique of the disregard for life, human and non-human, that has accompanied the rise of the Anthropocene; the latter a response to the epistemological and methodological implications of the integral role played by the hegemonic globalized academia in producing and perpetuating that disregard for life.
Strategic Opportunism: A Pragmatic Approach to Conservation in Africa
Authors: Huntley Brian John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite billions of dollars invested in recent decades by international aid agencies in Africa, the state of the continent’s environment and its biodiversity continues to decay. Turning failure to success is possible. This book presents pragmatic approaches learned from a wide diversity of long-term projects in both rich and poor countries, distilled into twelve fundamental drivers of success. The projects have been led by visionary and passionate champions, within teams of like-minded collaborators.
Overcoming the Taxonomic Impediment: SABONET and the African Plants Initiative
Authors: Huntley Brian John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFollowing the release of Nelson Mandela from prison, the dawn of democracy in South Africa led to an unprecedented era of collaboration between ten African countries, later expanded to the rest of Africa and even later, to the Global Plants Initiative. The thread through all of this was to train and equip African herbaria to share the rich resources of botanical information held in northern institutions and to reinforce local, African, capacity. This chapter discusses the challenges to reaching ambitious goals, taking advantages of political moments, unexpected opportunities, and networks of like-minded champions.
Twelve Fundamentals for Conservation Success
Authors: Huntley Brian John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe case studies analysed in this book present a diversity of lessons that can guide the conceptualisation and implementation of successful conservation and biodiversity research projects in Africa. Twelve fundamentals are identified and illustrated – the key elements of strategic opportunism. These are: Identify an urgent and existential crisis; Present an inspiring vision, clear goals and realistic strategies; Develop networks of synergistic collaboration; Communicate effectively with all stakeholders; Synthesise existing or create new biodiversity knowledge and understanding; Secure institutional support and develop project implementation capacity; Promote champions and nurture strategic leadership talents; Create and capitalise on quick wins; Recognise the critical importance of good governance; Embrace the unexpected opportunities of serendipity; Seize the political moment of changes in governance; and Develop creative financing strategies.
Topological quantum computation on supersymmetric spin chains
Authors: Jana Indrajit , Montorsi Filippo , Padmanabhan Pramod , Trancanelli Diego 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Quantum gates built out of braid group elements form the building blocks of topological quantum computation. They have been extensively studied in SU(2)k quantum group theories, a rich source of examples of non-Abelian anyons such as the Ising (k = 2), Fibonacci (k = 3) and Jones-Kauffman (k = 4) anyons. We show that the fusion spaces of these anyonic systems can be precisely mapped to the product state zero modes of certain Nicolai-like supersymmetric spin chains. As a result, we can realize the braid group in terms of the product state zero modes of these supersymmetric systems. These operators kill all the other states in the Hilbert space, thus preventing the occurrence of errors while processing information, making them suitable for quantum computing.
Chaos and pole-skipping in a simply spinning plasma
Authors: Amano Markus A. G. , Blake Mike , Cartwright Casey , Kaminski Matthias , Thompson Anthony P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study the relationship between many-body quantum chaos and energy dynamics in holographic quantum field theory states dual to the simply-spinning Myers-Perry-AdS5 black hole. The enhanced symmetry of such black holes allows us to provide a thorough examination of the phenomenon of pole-skipping, that is significantly simpler than a previous analysis of quantum field theory states dual to the Kerr-AdS4 solution. In particular we give a general proof of pole-skipping in the retarded energy density Green’s function of the dual quantum field theory whenever the spatial profile of energy fluctuations satisfies the shockwave equation governing the form of the OTOC. Furthermore, in the large black hole limit we are able to obtain a simple analytic expression for the OTOC for operator configurations on Hopf circles, and demonstrate that the associated Lyapunov exponent and butterfly velocity are robustly related to the locations of a family of pole-skipping points in the energy response. Finally, we note that in contrast to previous studies, our results are valid for any value of rotation and we are able to numerically demonstrate that the dispersion relations of sound modes in the energy response explicitly pass through our pole-skipping locations.
Exploring non-invertible symmetries in free theories
Authors: Niro Pierluigi , Roumpedakis Konstantinos , Sela Orr 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Symmetries corresponding to local transformations of the fundamental fields that leave the action invariant give rise to (invertible) topological defects, which obey group-like fusion rules. One can construct more general (codimension-one) topological defects by specifying a map between gauge-invariant operators from one side of the defect and such operators on the other side. In this work, we apply such construction to Maxwell theory in four dimensions and to the free compact scalar theory in two dimensions. In the case of Maxwell theory, we show that a topological defect that mixes the field strength F and its Hodge dual ⋆F can be at most an SO(2) rotation. For rational values of the bulk coupling and the θ-angle we find an explicit defect Lagrangian that realizes values of the SO(2) angle φ such that cos φ is also rational. We further determine the action of such defects on Wilson and ’t Hooft lines and show that they are in general non-invertible. We repeat the analysis for the free compact scalar ϕ in two dimensions. In this case we find only four discrete maps: the trivial one, a ℤ2 map dϕ → −dϕ, a 𝒯-duality-like map dϕ → i ⋆ dϕ, and the product of the last two.
Precision of slot widths and torque transmission of in-office 3D printed brackets
Authors: Bauer Carolien A. J. , Scheurer Mats , Bourauel Christoph , Kretzer J. Philippe , Roser Christoph J. , Lux Christopher J. , Hodecker Lutz D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate a novel in-office three-dimensionally (3D) printed polymer bracket regarding slot precision and torque transmission.

Methods
Based on a 0.022″ bracket system, stereolithography was used to manufacture brackets (N = 30) from a high-performance polymer that met Medical Device Regulation (MDR) IIa requirements. Conventional metal and ceramic brackets were used for comparison. Slot precision was determined using calibrated plug gages. Torque transmission was measured after artificial aging. Palatal and vestibular crown torques were measured from 0 to 20° using titanium–molybdenum (T) and stainless steel (S) wires (0.019″ × 0.025″) in a biomechanical experimental setup. The Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc test (Dunn–Bonferroni) was used for statistical analyses (significance level p < 0.05).

Results
The slot sizes of all three bracket groups were within the tolerance range according to DIN 13996 (ceramic [C]: 0.581 ± 0.003 mm; metal [M]: 0.6 ± 0.005 mm; polymer [P]: 0.581 ± 0.010 mm). The maximum torque values of all bracket–arch combinations were above the clinically relevant range of 5–20 Nmm (PS: 30 ± 8.6 Nmm; PT: 27.8 ± 14.2 Nmm; CS: 24 ± 5.6 Nmm; CT: 19.9 ± 3.8 Nmm; MS: 21.4 ± 6.7 Nmm; MT: 16.7 ± 4.6 Nmm).

Conclusions
The novel, in-office manufactured polymer bracket showed comparable results to established bracket materials regarding slot precision and torque transmission. Given its high individualization possibilities as well as enabling an entire in-house supply chain, the novel polymer brackets bear high potential of future usage for orthodontic appliances.
Second course of re-irradiation in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Authors: Bergengruen Paula Maria , Hernaíz Driever Pablo , Budach Volker , Zips Daniel , Grün Arne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Concomitant chemoradiation followed by repeat (dose-deescalated) irradiation has become standard of care in treating childhood diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) during first line treatment and at first progression. Progression after re-irradiation (re-RT) is in most cases symptomatic and either treated systemically with chemotherapy or new innovative approaches including targeted therapy. Alternatively, the patient receives best supportive care. Data on second re-irradiation in DIPG patients with second progression and good performance status are sparse. This is a case report of second short-term re-irradiation to shed further light on this option.

Methods
Retrospective case report of a 6-year-old boy with DIPG receiving a second course of re-irradiation (with 21.6 Gy) as part of an individual multimodal approach in a patient with very low symptom burden.

Results
The second course of re-irradiation was feasible and well tolerated. No acute neurological symptoms or radiation-induced toxicity occurred. Overall survival was 24 months after initial diagnosis.

Conclusion
A second course of re-irradiation can be an additional tool in patients with progressive disease after first- and second-line irradiation. It is unclear whether and to what extent it contributes to progression-free survival prolongation and if—since our patient was asymptomatic—progression-associated neurological deficits can be alleviated.
The association of radiologic body composition parameters with clinical outcomes in level-1 trauma patients
Authors: Sweet Arthur A. R. , Kobes Tim , Houwert Roderick M. , Groenwold Rolf H. H. , Moeskops Pim , Leenen Luke P. H. , de Jong Pim A. , Veldhuis Wouter B. , van Baal Mark C. P. M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The present study aims to assess whether CT-derived muscle mass, muscle density, and visceral fat mass are associated with in-hospital complications and clinical outcome in level-1 trauma patients.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on adult patients admitted to the University Medical Center Utrecht following a trauma between January 1 and December 31, 2017. Trauma patients aged 16 years or older without severe neurological injuries, who underwent a CT that included the abdomen within 7 days of admission, were included. An artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm was used to retrieve muscle areas to calculate the psoas muscle index and to retrieve psoas muscle radiation attenuation and visceral fat (VF) area from axial CT images. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were performed to assess associations between body composition parameters and outcomes.

Results
A total of 404 patients were included for analysis. The median age was 49 years (interquartile range [IQR] 30–64), and 66.6% were male. Severe comorbidities (ASA 3–4) were seen in 10.9%, and the median ISS was 9 (IQR 5–14). Psoas muscle index was not independently associated with complications, but it was associated with ICU admission (odds ratio [OR] 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–0.95), and an unfavorable Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score at discharge (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.45–0.85). Psoas muscle radiation attenuation was independently associated with the development of any complication (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.42–0.85), pneumonia (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.41–0.96), and delirium (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.28–0.87). VF was associated with developing a delirium (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.12–3.41).

Conclusion
In level-1 trauma patients without severe neurological injuries, automatically derived body composition parameters are able to independently predict an increased risk of specific complications and other poor outcomes.