bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Science and Society: Pathways to Equitable Access and Delivery of Genomics Medicine in Africa
Authors: Munung Nchangwi Syntia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Recent advances in genetics are pushing the frontiers of health research in Africa. Notable developments include the release of the draft human pangenome reference, regulatory approval of gene editing therapies for sickle cell disease, and the announcements of major initiatives such as the Ghana Genome Project, the Personalized Medicine in North Africa Initiative, Nigeria’s 100K Genome Project and South Africa’s 110K Human Genomes Project. Additionally, gene-based therapies for HIV are on the horizon, with clinical trials planned in some African countries. Despite this progress, a pressing challenge remains: ensuring equitable access and delivery of genomics medicine worldwide, particularly in Africa and other low and middle income regions.

Summary and a Call to Action
Science diplomacy and academic-industry partnerships are key to achieving "Genomics for All." This requires collaboration between African governments, academic institutions, funding agencies, commercial biotechnology companies, civil society, and international health organizations. Together, these stakeholders must define and establish a sustainable framework to support genetic research in Africa, increase the availability of genetic data from African populations, and set-up translational genomics medicine initiatives tailored to the continent’s unique healthcare needs. Science advocacy and diplomacy is also needed to establish mechanisms that prevent the hoarding of genetic resources, including genetic data and novel interventions, and guarantee equitable access to the scientific, medical and economic benefits of genomics for all nations. Achieving this vision may necessitate international treaties to promote equitable access to genomic innovations, responsible and ethical cross-border data sharing, and long-term strategies to address funding gaps in genomic research and its application in medicine and healthcare in Africa.
Examining Structural and Social Supports Offered to Resettled Refugees in 10 Host Countries – A Scoping Review Acknowledging Health in All Policies
Authors: Wenger Lea S. , Saifee Jessica Farangaiz , Macikunas Andrea , Shetty Janavi , Fredricks Karla , Wiemker Veronika , Russell Eric A. , Vik Eline Skirnisdottir , Cunningham Jessie , Guttmann Astrid , Wanigaratne Susitha , Brandenberger Julia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Acknowledging health in all policies, this scoping review aims to describe and compare i) structural and social supports offered by countries participating in the United Nations refugee agency resettlement program and ii) refugees’ and service providers’ experiences with these supports.

Recent Findings
Structural supports in the 10 countries resettling the largest number of refugees in 2021 (United States [US], Canada, and 8 European nations) were summarized, using official national documentation. A scoping review of published literature (1995–2022) sourced from four databases was conducted to capture met and unmet needs of refugees and service providers related to these supports during the first year of resettlement. Study characteristics were enumerated, and needs were descriptively summarized.
We found important differences in structural supports offered to resettled refugees by host countries and regions, particularly with access to healthcare, language training, employment and financial support. The 63 included studies originated from the US (34), Canada, (25) and the United Kingdom (UK) (4), with uneven sub-national distributions. Most studies focusing on healthcare reported unmet needs, with language barriers, lack of culturally sensitive care and logistical challenges described in all three countries. Insufficient language training and unmet economic needs were also often reported.

Summary
More research on resettled refugees' and service providers’ experiences with structural supports is needed, particularly in Europe and underrepresented regions in the US and Canada. A “Health in All Policies” approach to policies and programs related to resettlement should address unmet needs in healthcare, language training, employment and financial support.
Holistic Map of Internal Solitary Waves Propagating Through Background Currents
Authors: Sciortino Giampiero , Prestininzi Pietro , Lombardi Valentina , La Forgia Giovanni 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that background currents deeply affect Internal Solitary Waves (ISWs) behavior as they propagate in the stratified coastal oceans. Shear currents, in particular, are observed to significantly impact waves geometry and their kinematics. By building upon a fully non-linear theoretical model for a two-layer configuration, we investigate features of all possible ISWs propagating through a background shear current. We then implement an analytical procedure and a corresponding graphical map, capable of revealing the background current intensity associated with specific ISWs features. With the increasing availability of solitary wave properties derived from satellite imagery, this study can serve as a valuable resource for advancing research in coastal ocean dynamics.
Teaching and learning with smartphones in tertiary outdoor studies programs
Authors: van Kraalingen Imre , Eriksen Jørgen W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This inquiry investigates educators’ and students’ perspectives of and experiences with smartphones usage in tertiary outdoor studies programs. Based on a collective case study design undertaken at three Norwegian institutions, individual interviews with educators (n = 12) and focus group interviews with students (n = 27) were conducted. The data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and yielded two key themes: 1) smartphones have the potential to be valuable learning resources if they are used intentionally as resources, and 2) pedagogical considerations for using and managing smartphones. The findings and their implications for outdoor teaching and learning are interpreted with affordance theory and demonstrate that smartphones can enhance certain outdoor learning experiences by offering tools for accessing information, navigation, safety, documentation, and communication, and constrain other experiences, such as nature experience. The paper closes by offering pedagogical considerations for mitigating the challenges that emerge when smartphones are used in outdoor studies, through their balanced, intentional, and critical use and by creating space for dialogue about the use of these devices between students and educators.
Rapid Prototyping for Design and Test of FPGA-Based Model Predictive Controllers for Power Converters
Authors: Purraji Marziye , Zamiri Elyas , Sanchez Alberto , de Castro Angel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recent advancements in FPGA technology have made these devices a cost-effective alternative for implementing Model Predictive Controllers (MPCs). This paper addresses the fast prototyping of FPGA-based Finite Control Set (FCS)-MPCs and the essential verification process preceding hardware-level testing. The methodology leverages MATLAB HDL Coder for automated HDL code generation. This approach offers a streamlined process and eliminates the need for expertise in hand-coded HDL, making it an ideal solution for power electronics engineers. The approach is exemplified using a three-phase active neutral point clamped converter. Beyond presenting the design approach, the paper introduces a systematic multi-stage verification process essential for the rapid prototyping of FCS-MPC controllers. This verification involves step-by-step simulations followed by experimental hardware-in-the-loop tests, ensuring the reliability of each stage for the smooth transition from pure simulation to FPGA hardware implementation of the controller. The proposed methodology not only simplifies the implementation and testing of the MPC algorithm within an FPGA but also facilitates the debugging process, a crucial aspect of the design phase.
Direct observation systems for child behavior assessment in early childhood education: a systematic literature review
Authors: Al-Hendawi Maha , Hussein Esraa , Darwish Sughra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This systematic literature review critically assessed the use of direct observation systems (DOSs) in early childhood educational research, highlighting their role in the objective and systematic evaluation of child behavior and classroom dynamics. Our comprehensive analysis distinguishes between standardized and non-standardized observation systems regarding their applications, target groups, and capabilities for assessing diverse behavioral constructs in early childhood education settings. We synthesized data from 88 empirical studies, including standardized (47 studies) and non-standardized (41 studies) approaches. While the standardized DOS was defined as that which was consistently replicated across multiple research projects, the non-standardized DOS was tailored to the unique requirements of individual studies. Our findings suggest that while the standardized DOS offers a reliable method for generalized behavioral assessment, the non-standardized DOS is also widely and effectively used because it provides the flexibility required for more targeted behavioral evaluations. The Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) and the Individualized Classroom Assessment Scoring System (inCLASS) represent commonly used standardized tools, while non-standardized systems demonstrate particular strength in context-specific applications. The majority of the research was situated within pre-elementary contexts, with standardized studies having a median sample size of 158 compared to 136 non-standardized studies. Gender representation across the studies was notably equitable. A significant portion of related research has focused on populations at-risk of or diagnosed with emotional/behavioral disorders (EBDs) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), accounting for 59.6% of standardized studies and 80.5% of non-standardized studies. DOS predominantly addressed emotional regulation (42%) and externalizing behaviors (21%).
Raman spectroscopic analysis of carbonates on a CY-type carbonaceous chondrite Yamato 980115: unexpectedly abundant terrestrial weathering products
Authors: Urashima Shu-hei , Tsuchiya Hayato , Imae Naoya , Yamaguchi Akira , Yui Hiroharu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents Raman spectra of carbonates on a carbonaceous chondrite, Yamato (Y) 980115. Y 980115 is an Antarctic meteorite and is originally classified as CI1-type. Since CI1-type meteorites are expected to record information of aqueous alteration of carbonaceous matters in the primitive solar photosphere or planetesimals, extensive studies have been performed. Among a variety of minerals on meteorites, carbonates are one of environment indicators because its cation composition depends on thermochemical properties of the aqueous solution when they were precipitated. Although the minerals on meteorites are usually identified by elemental composition analysis techniques such as backscattered electron imaging, these techniques have a drawback that they lack information of crystal structures so that it is difficult to distinguish some minerals such as ordered or disordered dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) and a mixture of calcite (CaCO3) and magnesite (MgCO3). The present study employed Raman spectroscopy as a complementary technique to the elemental composition analysis. As a result, surprisingly, while the Mg-bearing carbonates on Y 980115 were expected mainly to be dolomite, the Raman spectra revealed that they are indeed nesquehonite (Mg(HCO3)(OH)·2H2O), which is a typical terrestrial weathering product for Antarctic meteorites. Among 63 carbonate grains found on Y 980115, 60 and 3 grains were assigned to nesquehonite and calcite, respectively, and no dolomite was found. This result indicates that there are unexpectedly abundant terrestrial weathering products for carbonates found on Y 980115.

Graphical abstract
Evaluation Of the Readiness of Family Physicians In the Prevention of Cyberchondria
Authors: Parlakkılıç Alaattin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this research is to determine the readiness of family physicians to prevent cyberchondria.

Methods
The Family Physicians’ Cyberchondria Levels Assessment Questionnaire was applied to 124 family physicians to determine readiness.

Results
Family physicians mention that there can be accurate data on diagnosis and treatments on the internet (62%), but patients’ anxiety increases (88%); reach physicians and find answers on the websites of family physicians. Individuals with low health literacy research on the internet are concerned about family physicians (84.6%). Family physicians declare patients have medication with Internet information (84%), diagnose themselves with research on the internet (85.2%), and have high anxiety levels (83.2%). The family physicians use WhatsApp (90.3%) to answer patients’ questions and increase cyberchondria awareness. The family physicians have knowledge about cyberchondria, accept cyberchondria as a health problem, and have computer literacy.

Conclusions
The Internet provides individuals with a low-cost and easily accessible source of health information. The patients researching the internet have high anxiety and low health literacy. To prevent cyberchondria, direct communication with family physicians, development of health literacy, and facilitating access to communication and counseling services on the internet by central health authorities are essential.
Existence of non-trivial embeddings of interval exchange transformations into piecewise isometries
Authors: PERES PEDRO , RODRIGUES ANA 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We prove that almost every interval exchange transformation, with an associated translation surface of genus

$g\geq 2$

, can be non-trivially and isometrically embedded in a family of piecewise isometries. In particular, this proves the existence of invariant curves for piecewise isometries, reminiscent of Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser (KAM) curves for area-preserving maps, which are not unions of circle arcs or line segments.
Counting problems from the viewpoint of ergodic theory: from primitive integer points to simple closed curves
Authors: ARANA-HERRERA FRANCISCO 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In her thesis, Mirzakhani showed that the number of simple closed geodesics of length

$\leq L$

on a closed, connected, oriented hyperbolic surface X of genus g is asymptotic to

$L^{6g-6}$

times a constant depending on the geometry of X. In this survey, we give a detailed account of Mirzakhani’s proof of this result aimed at non-experts. We draw inspiration from classic primitive lattice point counting results in homogeneous dynamics. The focus is on understanding how the general principles that drive the proof in the case of lattices also apply in the setting of hyperbolic surfaces.
On partial rigidity of
$\mathcal {S}$
-adic subshifts
Authors: DONOSO SEBASTIÁN , MAASS ALEJANDRO , RADIĆ TRISTÁN 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We develop combinatorial tools to study partial rigidity within the class of minimal

$\mathcal {S}$

-adic subshifts. By leveraging the combinatorial data of well-chosen Kakutani–Rokhlin partitions, we establish a necessary and sufficient condition for partial rigidity. Additionally, we provide an explicit expression to compute the partial rigidity rate and an associated partial rigidity sequence. As applications, we compute the partial rigidity rate for a variety of constant length substitution subshifts, such as the Thue–Morse subshift, where we determine a partial rigidity rate of 2/3. We also exhibit non-rigid substitution subshifts with partial rigidity rates arbitrarily close to 1 and, as a consequence, using products of the aforementioned substitutions, we obtain that any number in

$[0, 1]$

is the partial rigidity rate of a system.
Catalysts of Insurrection: How White Racial Antipathy Influenced Beliefs of Voter Fraud and Support for the January 6th Insurrection
Authors: Rush Tye , Jones Chelsea , Herndon Michael , Barreto Matt A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
On January 6, 2021, the belief that voter fraud was to blame for Trump’s 2020 loss led thousands of people to storm the Capitol during election certification, aiming to occupy it by force to stop this process. While only thousands participated, millions more voiced their support for the insurrection, and this begs the question: What explains perceptions of voter fraud and support for the January 6 insurrection? Recent studies establish that White conservatives are more likely to believe that voter fraud is a rampant problem, linking these perceptions to state efforts to expand access to voting systems where racial minority groups stand to gain equality. Using a combination of pre-election, post-election, and post-insurrection survey data, we examine the link between White racial attitudes and perceptions of voter fraud and views toward the insurrection. We argue that White racial attitudes are pivotal in explaining the perceptions of voter fraud that led to the January 6 insurrection. We find that White Americans with a bias for their own racial in-group over racial out-groups are likelier to doubt the election results after Donald Trump was declared the loser, though not before. We find these same attitudes are statistically associated with sympathy for the insurrection and insurrectionists.
Associations of Subjective Sleep patterns and Social Jet Lag with Weight Loss and Dietary Intake in Bariatric Surgery Patients: A One-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Carvalho Aline Cunha , Marot Luisa Pereira , Mattar Luiz Augusto , de Souza José Américo Gomides , Araújo Ana Cristina Tomaz , da Costa Assis Camila Thais , Mota Maria Carliana , Crispim Cibele Aparecida 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Current literature has shown that poor sleep patterns and social jet lag (SJL) are associated with obesity and weight gain. However, this area remains underexplored in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. We hypothesized that higher levels of SJL and poorer sleep patterns are associated with lower weight loss, greater caloric/nutrient intake, and poorer metabolic outcomes following surgery. This study aims to assess the associations of SJL and subjective sleep with anthropometric, metabolic, and dietary parameters during the first year following bariatric surgery. SJL, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness were measured in 122 patients (77% women; median age 33.0 [28.0 – 41.7]). SJL was estimated by the absolute difference between the midpoint of sleep and wake times on weekdays and weekends. Daytime sleepiness and sleep quality were evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (Epworth) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Multiple linear regressions were employed to evaluate the associations of SJL, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness with weight loss, metabolic, and dietary outcomes. Independent variables were negatively associated with weight loss after surgery: SJL at 6 months and one year; sleep quality at all time points; and sleepiness after one year (p< 0.05). SJL was positively associated with calorie and protein intake after one-year post-surgery (p< 0.05). Our results show that higher SJL and poorer sleep patterns are associated with worse anthropometric, metabolic, and dietary outcomes after bariatric surgery. These findings reinforce the importance of addressing variables related to biological rhythms to optimize post-surgical outcomes in bariatric patients.
‘People Sing When They're Happy’: Popular Music in 1970s Soviet Comedic Cinema
Authors: Grabarchuk Alexandra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Like any form of artistic production in the Soviet 1970s (Brezhnev's ‘Stagnation’ era), films had to tread a fine line between being acceptable to official organs, yet managing to appeal to the average citizen. Music – and specifically popular music or estrada – was an important factor contributing to how filmmakers could express themselves and connect with audiences despite official restraint. This article will explore the soundscapes of two iconic movies embodying that tension: The Twelve Chairs (Двеннадцать стульев, 1971, dir. Leonid Gaidai) and The Irony of Fate, or Enjoy Your Bath! (Ирония судьбы, или с легким паром!, 1975, dir. El'dar Riazanov). A close reading of musical scenes from these Stagnation-era artefacts will expose several key tactics that emerge in the complicated nexus between composer, director and text, demonstrating how popular music fits into a complex and multi-faceted relationship of minor liberties and major limits.
(t) Glottaling in East Anglian English
Authors: Ciancia Carmen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper analyses (t)-glottaling – the replacement of /t/ with the glottal stop [Ɂ] – in word-final position (e.g. that). This variable has been largely explored in relation to the following phonological environment, which is commonly divided into three main contexts: pre-consonantal (e.g. that man), pre-vocalic (e.g. that apple) and pre-pausal (e.g. what?). However, little research has been carried out on the preceding phonological context. This paper aims at expanding the usual limited set of constraints employed for (t) by considering both following and preceding phonological environments. Data was collected in three East Anglian communities (Colchester, Ipswich, and Norwich) from 36 participants, stratified by age, social class, and sex. Results show that (a) the preceding phonological environment plays a remarkable role, with vowels and nasals favouring glottalled variants, and (b) that (t)-glottaling has nearly completed its social change word-finally in spontaneous speech.
Is Brazil’s biodiversity offset policy effective in conserving the Cerrado?
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Bediaga de , Machado Ricardo Bomfim , Siqueira Marinez Ferreira , Françoso Renata Dias , Prieto Pablo Viany , Hay John Du Vall 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Brazilian landowners are obligated to conserve a minimum percentage of native vegetation within their properties (termed a ‘legal reserve’), but non-compliance can be compensated elsewhere through a biodiversity offset. Recent changes in rules for legal reserve compensation (LRC) have increased the allowed spatial scale and softened the ecological criteria required to select properties for compensation, potentially leading to considerable biodiversity losses. In this paper, we analyse whether these rules promote the conservation of tree species on private lands through LRC in the Cerrado biome, the most biodiverse savannah in the world. We modelled the potential distribution of 126 Cerrado tree species and simulated several potential biodiversity offsets to calculate expected species losses under former and current LRC rules. Our results show that biodiversity offsets established under current and former LRC rules can lead to up to 100% tree species losses. In contrast, setting a minimum similarity threshold between watersheds can reduce median tree species loss in biodiversity offsets to as low as 3% and prevents LRC with no common species between sites. Therefore, the current rule is expected to strongly impact biodiversity in the Cerrado. Similarity in species composition between watersheds must be considered in order to implement LRC offsets that effectively conserve Cerrado biodiversity on private lands.