bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha-Stat Capnography for the Sorin Monolyth Oxygenator
Authors: McCloskey David B. , Strickler R. Franklin , Reusch Gerald W. 
Published: August 2023

Monitoring the carbon dioxide exhaust of an oxygenator is an inexpensive method to accurately predict and control the arterial carbon dioxide tension during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the exhaust ventilating gas (PexCO2) was continuously monitored from the capnograph port of the Sorin Monolyth oxygenator during CPB. At the time of routine arterial blood gas sampling, the arterial blood temperature (ABT) was recorded along with the pexCO2 from the capnograph monitor. The arterial carbon dioxide tension (paCO2) from the arterial blood sample analysis was then statistically analyzed and related to the PexCO2 and ABT. The statistical relationship of PexCO2 and ABT while employing alpha stat ventilation resulted in an exponential regression with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. The exponential regression is unique to each manufacturer's oxygenator; we have titled this the "regression signature." This regression signature can be easily learned and employed by the perfusionist during CPB as an aid in controlling oxygenator ventilation.
The mean paCO2 value obtained during the study period was 39.0 ± 2.5 mmHg. There was no statistical difference between the paCO2 values when separated into four different blood temperature groups, (<28, 28-32,32-37, and >37°C).
Modified Microsample ACT Test for Heparin Monitoring
Authors: Pan Chi-Miau , Jobes David , Riper Dan Van , Ogilby John David , Lin Chung-Yuan , Harrow Jan , Blumenthal Roger , Mendoza Marsha , LaDuca Frank 
Published: August 2023

The activated clotting time (ACT) is a standard method of heparin monitoring during cardiac angioplasty and cardiac surgery. A modified ACT (ACT+) which employs a microsample blood volume (0.05 ml) and yields faster clotting time results than a conventional Hemochron ACT was evaluated and compared to the standard ACT.
The ACT+, determined using a single channel general purpose analyzer (Hemochron Jr.), employs a plastic cuvette containing dried ACT reagents (kaolin-silica-phospholipid). In vitro evaluation of heparinized normal donor blood demonstrated the test insensitivity to aprotinin. Using split blood specimens, duplicate ACT and ACT+ were performed (n=92) and a correlation between the two was established.
In evaluation of 79 cardiac surgery and 53 angioplasty patients, good correlation was observed between ACT+ and Hemochron ACT (r=0.93, n=574). Mean versus difference plots demonstrated an improved reproducibility of the ACT+ (Mean SD=35 seconds) compared to the ACT (Mean SD=53 seconds), presumably due to automation of the blood sample sizing and blood/reagent mixing. These studies indicate that the microsample ACT+ is an alternative to the conventional ACT with an advantage of small sample requirement and rapid reproducible results.
Wettbewerb in der Krankenversicherung – sinnvoll und
möglich? Gedanken zur wettbewerblichen Versorgungssteuerung
dreißig Jahre nach Lahnstein
Authors: Vauth Christoph , Zerth Jürgen 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungMit dem sogenannten Lahnstein-Kompromiss wurde Anfang der 1990er Jahre die Idee
einer wettbewerblichen Steuerung im Gesundheitswesen eröffnet. Die Frage
nach den Begründungsebenen einer derartigen Wettbewerbssteuerung,
insbesondere die Erwartungen an die Effizienzhypothesen im statischen und
dynamischen Wettbewerb, sind auch nach 30 Jahren in nicht klar umrissen bzw.
stehen auch politisch in der Diskussion. Eine grundlegende Rahmung für
die Möglichkeiten und auch Grenzen wettbewerblicher Steuerung
aufzuzeigen, dabei das Spannungsverhältnis zur normativen
Begründung einer Regelleistungsdefinition zu berücksichtigen,
steht im Mittelpunkt des Beitrages, der gleichzeitig Ausgangspunkt für
weitere Beiträge zur Wettbewerbsrolle sein soll.
Posterior fossa choroidplexus papilloma in the pediatric population: case series and literature review
Authors: Pongeluppi Rodrigo Inácio , Ballestero Matheus Fernando Manzolli , Santos Marcelo Volpon , Oliveira Ricardo Santos de 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChoroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are rare benign neoplasms which are particularly uncommon in the posterior fossa in children. We herein present a case series of five patients treated at a tertiary care hospital. A comprehensive literature review was also carried out. The patients treated at the tertiary care hospital were aged between 4 and 16 years. Gross total resection (GTR) was initially achieved in two patients. All patients showed clinical improvement. Moreover, 27 articles published between 1975 and 2021 were selected for the literature review, totaling 46 patients; with the 5 patients previously described, the total sample was composed of 51 cases, With a mean age was 8.2 years. The lesions were located either in the fourth ventricle (65.3%) or the cerebellopontine angle (34.7%). Hydrocephalus was present preoperatively in 66.7% of the patients, and a permanent shunt was required in 31.6% of the cases. The GTR procedure was feasible in 64.5%, and 93.8% showed clinical improvement. For CPPs, GTR is the gold standard treatment and should be attempted whenever feasible, especially because the role of the adjuvant treatment remains controversial. Neuromonitoring is a valuable tool to achieve maximal safe resection. Hydrocephalus is common and must be recognized and promptly treated. Most patients will need a permanent shunt. Though there is still controversy on its efficacy, endoscopic third ventriculostomy is a safe procedure, and was the authors' first choice to treat hydrocephalus.
Robotic Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery for Rectal Polyps
Authors: Friedman Garrett , Rodriguez Miguel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTransanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) can be utilized to manage a wide variety of rectal lesions but can be technically demanding with traditional laparoscopic equipment. Robotic platforms such as the da Vinci Single Port system can reduce the technical barriers of TAMIS and allow more complicated lesions to be addressed. Robotic TAMIS with the SP system follows similar indications for local excision of benign and malignant lesions as conventional TAMIS or even transanal endoscopic microsurgery. We describe our initial experience using the SP system and provide technical suggestions for how to incorporate this technology. We also address innovations in flexible endoscopic robotic surgery that we anticipate will allow for increased use of organ preservation of the colon and rectum, as well as possibly expand the use of natural orifice surgery.
Brazilian headache registry: methods and preliminary data of the pilot study
Authors: Grassi Vanise , Jurno Mauro Eduardo , Fröhlich Alan Christmann , Rieder Carlos Roberto de Mello , Sarmento Elder Machado , Pereira Júlia Kássia , Silva Leonardo Lima , Barea Liselotte Menke , Poli Luiz Ernesto Besen , Queiroz Luiz Paulo , Ciciarelli Marcelo Cedrinho , Peres Mario Fernando Prieto , Rocha Filho Pedro Augusto Sampaio , Vieira Rebeca Veras de Andrade , Londero Renata Gomes , Kowacs Fernando 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Evaluation and treatment of primary and secondary headaches is a global public health challenge. Recognizing the epidemiological impact of headaches, a group of researchers linked to the Brazilian Headache Society proposed the Brazilian Headache Registry and drew up its initial protocol.
Objective Here we describe the methods and preliminary data obtained from the pilot study.
Methods This was a multicenter longitudinal observational study conducted between September 2020 and August 2021. Prospective data were collected in three specialist centers for headache care in states in southern and southeastern Brazil. Patients aged 18 years or older who sought care for headache in tertiary centers and who agreed to participate in the study, were considered eligible.
Results Sixty-six patients were included in the pilot study: 43 (65%) from Rio Grande do Sul state and 23 (35%) from Minas Gerais state. Overall, 90% were female, and the subjects' mean age was 38.2 ± 11.2 years. Primary headaches accounted for 85.3% of the diagnoses made. Among secondary headaches, medication overuse headache was the most frequent type (7.1%).
Conclusions The pilot study showed the feasibility of the research protocol developed for tertiary centers. The Brazilian Headache Registry will form a source of longitudinal data with the aim of contributing to better characterization of the various phenotypes of patients with primary and secondary headaches, and to detailing the use of health resources and identifying predictors of better clinical outcomes.
Clinical Performance and Outcomes of an Injectable Bone Graft Substitute Following Core Decompression during the Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: McConaghy Kara , Louiselle Erika L. , Knight Ashley D. , Rullán Pedro J. , Hortensius Rebecca A. , Fitch David A. , Piuzzi Nicolas S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) can be challenging to manage, as it primarily affects younger adult patients. Hip preservation is preferred in this population, and there is a heightened focus on treatment strategies such as biologic adjuvants and bone grafting. Therefore, the objective of this systematic literature review was to evaluate the clinical performance of a commercially available injectable bone graft substitute (calcium sulfate [CaSO4]/calcium phosphate [CaPO4]; Pro-Dense, Wright Medical Technology Inc., Memphis, TN) following core decompression for the management of ONFH. Specifically, we aimed to examine (1) patient-reported outcomes, (2) progression of disease, (3) rate of revision, and (4) complications. A systematic literature review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses, using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library in July 2020 (gap search conducted in March 2022). The review included all clinical studies, published in English, on the use of an injectable bone graft substitute in ONFH-related procedures since 2007. Meta-analysis was conducted on Harris Hip Score (HHS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), progression of disease, rate of revision, and complications. Nine studies were identified, with a total of 390 subjects ranging in age from 15 to 70 (weighted mean = 40.4) years old, with a weighted mean follow-up time of 37.1 months. Weighted mean improvement in HHS was +17.5 points (n = 296 procedures), while weighted mean improvement in VAS score was –3.0 points (n = 188 procedures). Overall weighted progression of disease for all patients was 6.1% (n = 17.9), including studies reporting precollapse (5.9%; n = 9.1/155) and/or postcollapse (9.91%; n = 16/162) lesions. Overall weighted revision rate was 2.9% (n = 11.5/390), including studies reporting precollapse (3.2%; n = 7.7/239) and/or postcollapse (4.3%; n = 8.2/191) lesions. The minor complication rate was 1.02% (n = 3/293), with no major complications reported. Clinical evidence on injectable CaSO4/CaPO4 bone graft substitute supports an acceptable benefit–risk profile, including safe real-world use since 2007, following core decompression for the treatment of ONFH.
In Search of the Holy Grail of Artificial Hearts: Are We There Yet?
Authors: Volod Oksana , Colon Modesto J. , Arabía Francisco A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe total artificial heart (TAH) has a long and rich history, being the product of decades of innovation, hard work, and dedication. This review examines the history of the TAH, a device that has revolutionized the treatment of end-stage biventricular heart failure. It reviews the development of the device from early concepts to the current state-of-the-art device, the SynCardia TAH, which has been implanted in over 2,000 patients worldwide. The article also discusses the challenges and successes experienced by researchers, clinicians, and patients throughout the development of TAH devices. Our focus will also be on discussing the hemostatic alterations in patients implanted with TAH and anticoagulation strategies to decrease associated thromboembolic risks. The article concludes with a look at other novel TAH devices and the future of TAH as an increasingly viable treatment for end-stage heart failure.
Careocracy or isocracy? A feminist alternative to the neoliberal meritocratic discourse
Authors: Santori Paolo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe message of neoliberal meritocratic discourse, prevalent today and spreading throughout Western societies, is simple: free, unregulated markets are meritocratic. This is a way of placing a veil of social justice (i.e., markets reward merit) over neoliberal ideas. The worrisome consequences attached to it are the moral legitimation of inequalities and the reduction of social value to market value. The dimension of care is among the many values sacrificed to the altar of neoliberal meritocratic discourse. While feminist scholarship has criticized neoliberalism for its marginalization of care (primarily unpaid household activity performed by women) and care work (poorly rewarded to attract intrinsically motivated care providers), little has been done to address neoliberal meritocracy. This paper aims to fill this gap by sustaining three theses: (1) free markets are not meritocratic domains; (2) a counter-narrative advocating for a society grounded on careocracy (meritocracy of care) fails to address problems of neoliberal meritocratic discourse; and (3) a fruitful counter-discourse is the isocratic one, with an isocratic society being one where the sources of social value are plural and discussed by citizens.
Signal transmission analysis in implantable human body communication for abdominal medical devices
Authors: Muramatsu Dairoku , Kodama Miyu 
Published: August 2023

Implantable medical devices, such as neurostimulators, need to be wirelessly controlled from outside the body. Many of these devices use high-frequency signals in the 400 MHz, 900 MHz, and 2.45 GHz bands to communicate with external devices. However, high-frequency bands can suffer from signal attenuation in biological tissues and from electromagnetic interference with surrounding devices. In contrast, human body communication (HBC) uses relatively low frequencies in the 3–30 MHz band, which can alleviate signal attenuation and prevent emissions outside the body during communication. In this study, we investigated the use of HBC for implantable medical devices in the abdomen using electromagnetic field simulations. The results showed that the transmission between the transmitter inside the body and the receiver outside the body was adequate for stable communication. However, when the receiver was detached from the skin surface, the transmission characteristics rapidly decreased. Moreover, when the receiver and skin were separated by 1 mm, the transmission degraded by 34 dB, indicating that electromagnetic interference between the implanted transmitter and surrounding devices (including other medical devices) is rare. Finally, we evaluated the proposed system from the perspective of medical electromagnetic compatibility and human safety. The simulation results demonstrated that the radiated emissions and human exposure of the HBC system meet international standards.
Impact ionization in silicon at low charge-carrier energies
Authors: Korpusenko Mikhail , Vaskuri Anna , Manoocheri Farshid , Ikonen Erkki 
Published: August 2023

Photons absorbed in silicon produce electron–hole pairs, which can cause impact ionization and quantum yield larger than one. Reliable determination of quantum yield at low charge-carrier energies (&lt;4 eV) has been challenging because photon losses due to reflectance and charge-carrier losses due to recombination affect the resulting photocurrent. Here, we present how the measurement of this fundamental characteristic of silicon crystals can be improved in the charge-carrier energy range of 1.6–4 eV by using a predictable quantum efficient detector based on induced junction photodiodes optimized for photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. The measured quantum yield values are compared with the results of theoretical calculations, revealing increased impact-ionization probabilities at 2.25 and 3.23 eV on the top of a smooth background curve calculated by a model based on free charge carriers in the silicon lattice. For the results at the lowest energies, both data and an asymptotic extrapolation model suggest that quantum yield exceeds unity by ∼10−4 at 1.6 eV corresponding to a photon wavelength of 450 nm.
The challenge of providing medical follow-up for sexual assault victims: can we predict who will attend? A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Healey L. M. , Hutchinson J. L. , Pfeiffer M. N. , Garton L. , Hatten B. , Dobbie M. , Simpson L. , Templeton D. J. 
Published: August 2023

This study examined the impact of a pathway between a sexual assault service and a public sexual health service developed to improve rates of post-sexual assault medical follow-up. Follow-up attendances improved in the first 12 months of the pathway (2014) compared with attendances in 2013 (17.8% vs 9.6%, P = 0.01). Factors independently associated with attendance at follow-up were being prescribed HIV post-exposure prophylaxis and knowing the assailant. Those with physical injuries were less likely to attend. The prevalence of sexually transmissible infections in this cohort, 8% at the acute presentation and 5% at follow-up, suggests a need for alternatives to clinic-based follow-up.
Co-speech gestures can interfere with learning foreign language words*
Authors: Nicoladis Elena , Marentette Paula , Lam Candace 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Co-speech gestures can help the learning, processing, and memory of words and concepts, particularly motoric and spatial
concepts such as verbs. The purpose of the present studies was to test whether co-speech gestures support the learning of words through gist
traces of movement. We asked English monolinguals to learn 40 Cantonese words (20 verbs and 20 nouns). In two studies, we found support for
the gist traces of congruent gestures being movement: participants who saw congruent gestures while hearing Cantonese words thought they had
seen more verbs than participants in any other condition. However, gist traces were unrelated to the accurate recall of either nouns or
verbs. In both studies, learning Cantonese words accompanied by congruent gestures tended to interfere with the learning of nouns (but not
verbs). In Study 2, we ruled out the possibility that this interference was due either to gestures conveying representational information in
another medium or to distraction from moving hands. We argue that gestures can interfere with learning foreign language words when they
represent the referents (e.g., show shape or size) because learners must interpret the hands as something other than hands.
Fermions in loop quantum gravity and resolution of doubling problem
Authors: Zhang Cong , Liu Hongguang , Han Muxin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The fermion propagator is derived in detail from the model of fermion coupled to loop quantum gravity (LQG). As an ingredient of the propagator, the vacuum state is defined as the ground state of some effective fermion Hamiltonian under the background geometry given by a coherent state resembling the classical Minkowski spacetime. Moreover, as a critical feature of LQG, the superposition over graphs is employed to define the vacuum state. It turns out that the graph superposition leads to the propagator being the average of the propagators of the lattice field theory over various graphs so that all fermion doubler modes are suppressed in the propagator. This resolves the doubling problem in LQG. Our result suggests that the superposition nature of quantum geometry should, on the one hand, resolve the tension between fermion and the fundamental discreteness and, on the other hand, relate to the continuum limit of quantum gravity.
Tuning of electrical, magnetic, and topological properties of magnetic Weyl semimetal Mn 3+x
Ge by Fe doping
Authors: Ghosh Susanta , Low Achintya , Ghorai Soumya , Mandal Kalyan , Thirupathaiah Setti 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We report on the tuning of electrical, magnetic, and topological properties of the magnetic Weyl semimetal (Mn

3
+
x

Ge) by Fe doping at the Mn site, Mn

(
3
+
x
)
−
δ

Fe

δ

Ge (δ = 0, 0.30, and 0.62). Fe doping significantly changes the electrical and magnetic properties of Mn

3
+
x

Ge. The resistivity of the parent compound displays metallic behavior, the system with δ = 0.30 of Fe doping exhibits semiconducting or bad-metallic behavior, and the system with δ = 0.62 of Fe doping demonstrates a metal–insulator transition at around 100 K. Further, we observe that the Fe doping increases in-plane ferromagnetism, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and induces a spin-glass state at low temperatures. Surprisingly, topological Hall state has been noticed at a Fe doping of δ = 0.30 that is not found in the parent compound or with δ = 0.62 of Fe doping. In addition, spontaneous anomalous Hall effect observed in the parent system is significantly reduced with increasing Fe doping concentration.
Machine-learned constitutive relations for mechanoluminescent ZnS:Cu–PDMS composites
Authors: Hoover George , Huang Andy , Ryu Donghyeon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Materials with novel properties, such as emerging smart materials, offer a design challenge to researchers who want to make use of their unique behaviors. The complex nature of these material responses can be difficult to model from a physics-based understanding as a full description of the multi-physics, multi-scale, and non-linear phenomena requires expertise from various scientific disciplines. Some new smart materials, such as the mechanoluminescent (ML) copper-doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu)-embedded in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (ZnS:Cu–PDMS), lack a constitutive model or an agreement on the mechanisms of action behind the unique material properties. As constitutive equations are essential to engineer devices, with existing knowledge gap in underlying physics of smart materials, a viable approach is to use empirical data for deriving constitutive equations. However, it is challenging to derive constitutive equations on non-linear, multi-variate, and multi-physics relationship using conventional data processing approaches due to the size and complexity of the empirical data. In this work, a machine learning framework is proposed for ones to derive constitutive equations using empirical data for novel materials. The framework is validated by creating constitutive models for ZnS:Cu–PDMS elastomeric composites undergoing a variety of tensile load patterns. To avoid confinement of the models to the programming environment, in which they are developed, numerical fits of the machine-learned models are created as constitutive equations for the non-linear, multi-variate, and multi-physics ML properties. These models can be used when designing ML ZnS:Cu–PDMS to develop devices to harness the unique ML properties.