bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of tree sex, maturity, local abiotic, and biotic neighborhoods on the growth of a subtropical dioecious tree species Diospyros morrisiana
Authors: He Qing , Queenborough Simon A. , Zhang Yonghua , Wang Weitao , Li Buhang , Zhao Kangning , Luo Wenqi , Tang Hui , Lin Wei , Chu Chengjin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPremiseUnderstanding the drivers of the growth in long‐lived woody trees is the key to predicting their responses to and maintaining their populations under global change. However, the role of tree sex and differential investment to reproduction are often not considered in models of individual tree growth, despite many gymnosperm and angiosperm species having separate male and female sexes. Thus, better models of tree growth should include tree sex and life stage along with the abiotic and biotic neighborhoods.MethodsWe used a sex‐specific molecular marker to determine the sex of 2188 individual trees >1 cm DBH of the dioecious tree species Diospyros morrisiana in a 50‐ha subtropical forest plot in China. We used long‐term census data from about 300,000 trees, together with 625 soil samples and 2352 hemispherical photographs to characterize the spatially explicit biotic and abiotic neighborhoods.ResultsWe found a male‐biased effective sex ratio and a female‐biased overall population sex ratio of D. morrisiana. No sex spatial segregation was detected for the overall population, mature, or immature trees. Immature trees grew faster than mature trees and females grew slower than males. Further, conspecific neighbors significantly decreased tree growth, while the abiotic neighborhood showed no significant effect.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that variation in resource allocation patterns within and across individual trees of different sexes and life‐history stages should be more widely accounted for in models of tree growth. In addition, our study highlights the importance of sex‐specific molecular markers for studying populations of long‐lived dioecious tree species.
Insights into the perinatal phenotype of Kabuki syndrome in infants identified by genome‐wide sequencing
Authors: Wigby Kristen , Hammer Monia , Tokita Mari , Patel Priyanka , Jones Marilyn C. , Larson Austin , Bartolomei Frances Velez , Dykzeul Natalie , Slavotinek Anne , Yip Tiffany , Bandres‐Ciga Sara , Simpson Brittany N. , Suhrie Kristen , Shankar Suma , Veith Regan , Bragg Jennifer , Powell Cynthia , Kingsmore Stephen F. , Dimmock David , Maron Jill , Davis Jonathan , Del Campo Miguel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncreasing use of unbiased genomic sequencing in critically ill infants can expand understanding of rare diseases such as Kabuki syndrome (KS). Infants diagnosed with KS through genome‐wide sequencing performed during the initial hospitalization underwent retrospective review of medical records. Human phenotype ontology terms used in genomic analysis were aggregated and analyzed. Clinicians were surveyed regarding changes in management and other care changes. Fifteen infants met inclusion criteria. KS was not suspected prior to genomic sequencing. Variants were classified as Pathogenic (n = 10) or Likely Pathogenic (n = 5) by American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics Guidelines. Fourteen variants were de novo (KMT2D, n = 12, KDM6A, n = 2). One infant inherited a likely pathogenic variant in KMT2D from an affected father. Frequent findings involved cardiovascular (14/15) and renal (7/15) systems, with palatal defects also identified (6/15). Three infants had non‐immune hydrops. No minor anomalies were universally documented; ear anomalies, micrognathia, redundant nuchal skin, and hypoplastic nails were common. Changes in management were reported in 14 infants. Early use of unbiased genome‐wide sequencing enabled a molecular diagnosis prior to clinical recognition including infants with atypical or rarely reported features of KS while also expanding the phenotypic spectrum of this rare disorder.
The “good refugee” ideal: How discourses of deservingness permeate Australia's refugee and asylum seeker narratives
Authors: Clark Sal , Haw Ashleigh , Mackenzie Laurel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhile “good refugee” stories have the potential to soften attitudes toward forcibly displaced people, there are hidden implications associated with this construct that must be considered. Based on 60 qualitative interviews with asylum seekers and refugees, this paper examines the ways forced migrants adopt and reproduce “good refugee” discourses that unintentionally position their belonging as contingent upon upholding narrowly defined, and arbitrary, ideals about deservingness. By critically analysing this discourse, we highlight the importance of reconsidering the construction of refugees' deservingness along moral and neoliberal lines and instead present a case for approaches that focus on rights‐based, humanitarian grounds for refugee resettlement.
Clinical outcomes of posterior tibial tendon sheath ultrasound‐guided corticosteroid injections
Authors: Spencer Mark , Hall Matthew , Schafer Allison , Geaney Lauren E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the safety of ultrasound‐guided corticosteroid injections into the posterior tibial tendon sheath for posterior tibialis tendinopathy. Secondary outcomes include duration of pain relief, amount of pain relief, need for repeat injections and progression to surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all patients in our electronic medical record who underwent a posterior tibial tendon sheath (PTTS) steroid injection between 2015 and 2020 for the diagnosis of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and/or posterior tibialis tendon insufficiency, and/or ankle pain. Demographic information was obtained from the patient record in addition to MRI data, clinical response to injection based on follow‐up visits, number of total injections and progression to surgery. Thirty‐eight posterior tibial tendon sheath ultrasound‐guided injections were administered in 33 patients who met inclusion criteria during the 5‐year study period.ResultsThirty‐three patients were included in the study with a total of 38 injections performed. Eighteen of 38 (47%) injections yielded good or better pain relief. Seven of 33 patients (21%) progressed to surgery. There were no reported complications with the 38 performed injections.ConclusionUltrasound‐guided corticosteroid injection into the posterior tibial tendon sheath is a safe nonoperative treatment modality for progressive collapsing foot deformity. The efficacy of the injection appears highly variable with 47% of injections yielding ‘good’ or better clinical results. When evaluating body mass index (BMI), obese patients (BMI ≥30.0) were found to have a more sustained response to injection (P = 0.029) and more pain relief (P = 0.049) than non‐obese patients.
Reproducibility and feasibility of a handheld ultrasound device compared to a standard ultrasound machine in muscle thickness measurements
Authors: Alfuraih Abdulrahman M. , Alqarni Mohammed A. , Alhuthaili Hamad S. , Mubaraki Meshal Y. , Alotaibi Nader N. , Almusalim Fahad M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo test the feasibility and reproducibility of a handheld ultrasound device (HUD) compared to a standard ultrasound machine for muscle thickness measurements in healthy participants.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional study was designed where two novice operators tested the thickness of the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and vastus intermedius muscles on recruited asymptomatic participants with no history of muscle diseases. The anterior–posterior thickness of each muscle was measured three times per operator to evaluate intra‐operator reproducibility and using two machines to evaluate inter‐system reproducibility. Scanning started using the HUD followed by the standard system. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and simple linear regression were used to test for reproducibility and proportional bias respectively.ResultsA total of 33 male participants volunteered to take part in this study with a mean age of 22.7 years (6.8). Intra‐operator reproducibility was almost perfect for both operators on both machines (ICC > 0.80). The measurements difference percentage between the machines ranged from 1.8% to 6.6% and inter‐system reproducibility ICC ranged from 0.815 to 0.927 showing excellent reproducibility. Inter‐operator reproducibility was poor to moderate on both machines (ICC: 0.522–0.849). Regression analysis showed no proportional bias in the measurements. All measurements were completed successfully using the HUD.ConclusionThe HUD demonstrated excellent accuracy compared to the standard ultrasound machine for measuring thigh muscle thickness.
Controlling the Fluorescence Performance of AIE Polymers by Controlling the Polymer Microstructure
Authors: Xu Jiaxi , Wang Jiayi , Bakr Osman M. , Hadjichristidis Nikos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE) polymers with expected emission wavelength/color and fluorescence efficiency are valuable in applications. However, most AIE polymers exhibit irregular emission wavelength/color changes compared to the original AIE monomers. Here, we report the synthesis of AIE polymers with unchanged emission wavelength by ring‐opening (co)polymerizations of 4‐(triphenylethenyl)phenoxymethyloxirane (TPEO) and other epoxides or phthalic anhydride. The chemical structures/physical properties of all (co)polymers were characterized by NMR, SEC, MALDI‐TOF, and DSC. The co‐polyether microstructures were revealed by calculating the reactivity ratios and visualized by Monte Carlo simulation. The photoluminescence quantum yields of all the (co)polymers were determined in the solid state. We systematically correlated the fluorescence performance with molecular weights, crystallinity, monomer compositions, glass transition temperatures, side lengths, and flexibility/rigidity.
Supramolecular Self‐Assembly as a Tool To Preserve the Electronic Purity of Perylene Diimide Chromophores**
Authors: Heckelmann Ina , Lu Zifei , Prentice Joseph C. A. , Auras Florian , Ronson Tanya K. , Friend Richard H. , Nitschke Jonathan R. , Feldmann Sascha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOrganic semiconductors are promising for efficient, printable optoelectronics. However, strong excited‐state quenching due to uncontrolled aggregation limits their use in devices. We report on the self‐assembly of a supramolecular pseudo‐cube formed from six perylene diimides (PDIs). The rigid, shape‐persistent cage sets the distance and orientation of the PDIs and suppresses intramolecular rotations and vibrations, leading to non‐aggregated, monomer‐like properties in solution and the solid state, in contrast to the fast fluorescence quenching in the free ligand. The stabilized excited state and electronic purity in the cage enables the observation of delayed fluorescence due to a bright excited multimer, acting as excited‐state reservoir in a rare case of benign inter‐chromophore interactions in the cage. We show that self‐assembly provides a powerful tool for retaining and controlling the electronic properties of chromophores, and to bring molecular electronics devices within reach.
Second Sphere Effects Promote Formic Acid Dehydrogenation by a Single‐Atom Gold Catalyst Supported on Amino‐Substituted Graphdiyne
Authors: Liu Hong , Zou Haiyuan , Wang Dan , Wang Chuancheng , Li Fan , Dai Hao , Song Tao , Wang Mei , Ji Yongfei , Duan Lele 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRegulating the second sphere of homogeneous molecular catalysts is a common and effective method to boost their catalytic activities, while the second sphere effects have rarely been investigated for heterogeneous single‐atom catalysts primarily due to the synthetic challenge for installing functional groups in their second spheres. Benefiting from the well‐defined and readily tailorable structure of graphdiyne (GDY), an Au single‐atom catalyst on amino‐substituted GDY is constructed, where the amino group is located in the second sphere of the Au center. The Au atoms on amino‐decorated GDY displayed superior activity for formic acid dehydrogenation compared with those on unfunctionalized GDY. The experimental studies, particularly the proton inventory studies, and theoretical calculations revealed that the amino groups adjacent to an Au atom could serve as proton relays and thus facilitate the protonation of an intermediate Au−H to generate H2. Our study paves the way to precisely constructing the functional second sphere on single‐atom catalysts.
Enantioselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of 1,1‐Disubstituted Allenes
Authors: Liu Tao , Mao Xin‐Rui , Song Shuo , Chen Zi‐Yang , Wu Yichen , Xu Li‐Ping , Wang Peng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHere, we report the first example of Ni‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of 1,1‐disubstituted allenes with high level of regioselectivities and enantioselectivities. The key to achieve this stereoselective hydrosilylation reaction was the development of the SPSiOL‐derived bisphosphite ligands (SPSiPO). This protocol features broad substrate scope, excellent functional group, and heterocycle tolerance, thus provides a versatile method for the construction of enantioenriched tertiary allylsilanes in a straightforward and atom‐economic manner. DFT calculations were performed to reveal the reaction mechanism and the origins of the enantioselectivity.
A Practical and Robust Zwitterionic Cooperative Lewis Acid/Acetate/Benzimidazolium Catalyst for Direct 1,4‐Additions
Authors: Hans Andreas C. , Becker Patrick M. , Haußmann Johanna , Suhr Simon , Wanner Daniel M. , Lederer Vera , Willig Felix , Frey Wolfgang , Sarkar Biprajit , Kästner Johannes , Peters René 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA catalyst type is disclosed allowing for exceptional efficiency in direct 1,4‐additions. The catalyst is a zwitterionic entity, in which acetate binds to CuII, which is formally negatively charged and serving as counterion for benzimidazolium. All 3 functionalities are involved in the catalytic activation. For maleimides productivity was increased by a factor >300 compared to literature (TONs up to 6700). High stereoselectivity and productivity was attained for a broad range of other Michael acceptors as well. The polyfunctional catalyst is accessible in only 4 steps from N‐Ph‐benzimidazole with an overall yield of 96 % and robust during catalysis. This allowed to reuse the same catalyst multiple times with nearly constant efficiency. Mechanistic studies, in particular by DFT, give a detailed picture how the catalyst operates. The benzimidazolium unit stabilizes the coordinated enolate nucleophile and prevents that acetate/acetic acid dissociate from the catalyst.
Macrocycle‐Based Crystalline Supramolecular Assemblies Built with Intermolecular Charge‐Transfer Interactions
Authors: Wu Jia‐Rui , Wu Gengxin , Li Dongxia , Yang Ying‐Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSynthetic macrocycles have served as principal tools for supramolecular chemistry, have greatly extended the scope of organic charge transfer (CT) complexes, and have proved to be of great practical value in the solid state during the past few years. In this Minireview, we summarize the research progress on the macrocycle‐based crystalline supramolecular assemblies primarily driven by intermolecular CT interactions (a.k.a. macrocycle‐based crystalline CT assemblies, MCCAs for short), which are classified by their donor–acceptor (D‐A) constituent elements, including simplex macrocyclic hosts, heterogeneous macrocyclic hosts, and host–guest D‐A pairs. Particular attention will be focused on their diverse functions and applications, as well as the underlying CT mechanisms from the perspective of crystal engineering. Finally, the remaining challenges and prospects are outlined.
Enhanced Energy Transfer in A π‐Conjugated Covalent Organic Framework Facilitates Excited‐State Nickel Catalysis
Authors: Fan Yingjie , Kang Dong Won , Labalme Steven , Li Jinhong , Lin Wenbin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have received broad interest owing to their permanent porosity, high stability, and tunable functionalities. COFs with long‐range π‐conjugation and photosensitizing building blocks have been explored for sustainable photocatalysis. Herein, we report the first example of COF‐based energy transfer Ni catalysis. A pyrene‐based COF with sp2 carbon‐conjugation was synthesized and used to coordinate NiII centers through bipyridine moieties. Under light irradiation, enhanced energy transfer in the COF facilitated the excitation of Ni centers to catalyze borylation and trifluoromethylation reactions of aryl halides. The COF showed two orders of magnitude higher efficiency in these reactions than its homogeneous control and could be recovered and reused without significant loss of catalytic activity.
Effect of silane‐modified fluorinated graphene on the anticorrosion property of epoxy coating
Authors: Lin Xiuzhou , Chen Xulei , Zhao Shixiong , Dou Baojie , Peng Qiang , Deng Zhiqiang , Emori Wilfred , Gao Xiulei , Fang Zhiwen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFluorinated graphene (FG) is a derivative of graphene with excellent insulating properties, however, the dispersion performance of FG in organic coatings is still a challenge in anti‐corrosion applications. This study aims to propose a simple strategy to effectively improve the dispersion of FG towards enhancing its interfacial compatibility with epoxy resins. FG was modified with amino‐containing 3‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) and epoxy terminated 3‐glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS). The chemical compositions and microstructures of FG and the silane‐modified FGs were effectively characterized. Moreover, the corrosion resistance and anticorrosion mechanisms of the epoxy coatings modified by FG and silane‐modified FG were systematically studied, and the results showed that the silane coupling agent effectively improved the dispersion of FG in the epoxy coating and enhanced the interface interaction between FG and the epoxy resin, thereby improving the barrier properties of the epoxy coating and preventing the penetration of the corrosive medium. Electrochemical and tribological analyses showed that the APTES‐modified FG (AFG) coating exhibited better anti‐corrosion properties than the GPTMS‐modified FG (GFG) coating, which is attributed to the improvement of its crosslinking density and barrier properties by the reactions between the amino groups on AFG and the epoxy resin.
In vivo monitoring of brain pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics with cerebral open flow microperfusion
Authors: Altendorfer‐Kroath Thomas , Hummer Joanna , Birngruber Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn vivo investigation of brain pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) is an integral part of neurological drug development. However, drugs intended to act in the brain may reach it at very low concentrations due to the protective effect of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Consequently, very sensitive measurement methods are required to investigate PK/PD of drugs in the brain. Also, these methods must be capable of continuously assessing cerebral drug concentrations with verifiable intact BBB, as disrupted BBB may lead to compound efflux from blood into brain and to biased results. To date, only a few techniques are available that can sensitively measure drug concentrations in the brain over time; one of which is cerebral open flow microperfusion (cOFM). cOFM's key features are that it enables measurement of cerebral compound concentrations with intact BBB, induces only minor tissue reactions, and that no scar formation occurs around the probe. The membrane‐free cOFM probes collect diluted cerebral interstitial fluid (ISF) samples that are containing the whole molecule spectrum of the ISF. Further, combining cOFM with an in vivo calibration protocol (e.g. Zero Flow Rate) enables absolute quantification of compounds in cerebral ISF. In general, three critical aspects have to be considered when measuring cerebral drug concentrations and recording PK/PD profiles with cOFM: (a) the BBB integrity during sampling, (b) the status of the brain tissue next to the cOFM probe during sampling, and (c) the strategy to absolutely quantify drugs in cerebral ISF. This work aims to review recent applications of cOFM for PK/PD assessment with a special focus on these critical aspects.
Open Innovation for sustainable transition: The case of Enel “Open Power”
Authors: Lippolis Stella , Ruggieri Angelo , Leopizzi Rossella 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOnly in the last years, Sustainable Open Innovation has become a unique issue from the convergence between the concept of Open Innovation and sustainability as well as a challenge for the future business models of companies. Given that the aim to build a more sustainable world is one of the most relevant targets to reach over the world, the present work has focused on how Open Innovation is a catalyst for sustainability, by proposing a model for the case study in an underdeveloped sector, such as the energy one. Specifically, through the analysis of the ENEL case study, the relationship between Open Innovation (OI) and a strategic approach to CSR has emerged. The strategic approach to CSR, guided by open leadership aimed at involving stakeholders and creating shared value, creates an organizational culture and an environment favorable to the development of Open Innovation strategies; furthermore, the Open Innovation processes support the integration of the social, environmental, and economic objectives of companies. The findings show how Open Innovation can address sustainability practices and objectives. Through the application of the framework called SKiN, which provides a qualitative and replicable tool, the study allows to evaluate the organizational permeability as a critical success factor for both sustainability strategies and innovation.
Stabilizing oxygen by high‐valance element doping for high‐performance Li‐rich layered oxides
Authors: Wang Errui , Xiao Dongdong , Wu Tianhao , Wang Boya , Wang Yinzhong , Wu Lingqiao , Zhang Xu , Yu Haijun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLithium‐rich layered oxides (LLOs) with high energy density and low cost are regarded as promising candidates for the next‐generation cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, there are still some drawbacks of LLOs such as oxygen instability and irreversible structure reconstruction, which seriously limit their electrochemical performance and practical applications. Herein, the high‐valence Ta doping is proposed to adjust the electronic structures of transition metals, which form strong Ta‐O bonds and reduce the covalency of Ni‐O bonds, thereby stabilizing the lattice oxygen and enhancing the structural/thermal stabilities of LLOs during electrochemical cycling. As a result, the optimized Ta‐doped LLO can deliver a capacity retention of 80% and voltage decay of 0.34 mV cycle−1 after 650 cycles at 1C. This study enriches the fundamental understanding of the electronic structure adjustment of LLOs and contributes to the optimization of LLOs for high‐energy LIBs.