bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Database of European Forest Insect and Disease Disturbances: DEFID2
Authors: Forzieri Giovanni , Dutrieux Loïc P. , Elia Agata , Eckhardt Bernd , Caudullo Giovanni , Taboada Flor Álvarez , Andriolo Alessandro , Bălăcenoiu Flavius , Bastos Ana , Buzatu Andrei , Dorado Fernando Castedo , Dobrovolný Lumír , Duduman Mihai‐Leonard , Fernandez‐Carrillo Angel , Hernández‐Clemente Rocío , Hornero Alberto , Ionuț Săvulescu , Lombardero María J. , Junttila Samuli , Lukeš Petr , Marianelli Leonardo , Mas Hugo , Mlčoušek Marek , Mugnai Francesco , Nețoiu Constantin , Nikolov Christo , Olenici Nicolai , Olsson Per‐Ola , Paoli Francesco , Paraschiv Marius , Patočka Zdeněk , Pérez‐Laorga Eduardo , Quero Jose Luis , Rüetschi Marius , Stroheker Sophie , Nardi Davide , Ferenčík Ján , Battisti Andrea , Hartmann Henrik , Nistor Constantin , Cescatti Alessandro , Beck Pieter S. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInsect and disease outbreaks in forests are biotic disturbances that can profoundly alter ecosystem dynamics. In many parts of the world, these disturbance regimes are intensifying as the climate changes and shifts the distribution of species and biomes. As a result, key forest ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration, regulation of water flows, wood production, protection of soils, and the conservation of biodiversity, could be increasingly compromised. Despite the relevance of these detrimental effects, there are currently no spatially detailed databases that record insect and disease disturbances on forests at the pan‐European scale. Here, we present the new Database of European Forest Insect and Disease Disturbances (DEFID2). It comprises over 650,000 harmonized georeferenced records, mapped as polygons or points, of insects and disease disturbances that occurred between 1963 and 2021 in European forests. The records currently span eight different countries and were acquired through diverse methods (e.g., ground surveys, remote sensing techniques). The records in DEFID2 are described by a set of qualitative attributes, including severity and patterns of damage symptoms, agents, host tree species, climate‐driven trigger factors, silvicultural practices, and eventual sanitary interventions. They are further complemented with a satellite‐based quantitative characterization of the affected forest areas based on Landsat Normalized Burn Ratio time series, and damage metrics derived from them using the LandTrendr spectral–temporal segmentation algorithm (including onset, duration, magnitude, and rate of the disturbance), and possible interactions with windthrow and wildfire events. The DEFID2 database is a novel resource for many large‐scale applications dealing with biotic disturbances. It offers a unique contribution to design networks of experiments, improve our understanding of ecological processes underlying biotic forest disturbances, monitor their dynamics, and enhance their representation in land‐climate models. Further data sharing is encouraged to extend and improve the DEFID2 database continuously. The database is freely available at https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc‐opendata/FOREST/DISTURBANCES/DEFID2/.
Evaluation of Hydraulic Conductivity Estimates from Various Approaches with Groundwater Flow Models
Authors: Sun Dongwei , Luo Ning , Vandenhoff Aaron , McCall Wesley , Zhao Zhanfeng , Wang Chenxi , Rudolph David L. , Illman Walter A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSignificant efforts have been expended for improved characterization of hydraulic conductivity (K) and specific storage (Ss) to better understand groundwater flow and contaminant transport processes. Conventional methods including grain size analyses (GSA), permeameter, slug, and pumping tests have been utilized extensively, while Direct Push‐based Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) surveys have been developed to obtain high‐resolution K estimates. Moreover, inverse modeling approaches based on geology‐based zonations, and highly parameterized Hydraulic Tomography (HT) have also been advanced to map spatial variations of K and Ss between and beyond boreholes. While different methods are available, it is unclear which one yields K estimates that are most useful for high resolution predictions of groundwater flow. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to evaluate various K estimates at a highly heterogeneous field site obtained with three categories of characterization techniques including: (1) conventional methods (GSA, permeameter, and slug tests); (2) HPT surveys; and (3) inverse modeling based on geology‐based zonations and highly parameterized approaches. The performance of each approach is first qualitatively analyzed by comparing K estimates to site geology. Then, steady‐state and transient groundwater flow models are employed to quantitatively assess various K estimates by simulating pumping tests not used for parameter estimation. Results reveal that inverse modeling approaches yield the best drawdown predictions under both steady and transient conditions. In contrast, conventional methods and HPT surveys yield biased predictions. Based on our research, it appears that inverse modeling and data fusion are necessary steps in predicting accurate groundwater flow behavior.
Supporting patients to prepare for total knee replacement: Evidence‐, theory‐ and person‐based development of a ‘Virtual Knee School’ digital intervention
Authors: Anderson Anna M. , McHugh Gretl A. , Comer Christine , Joseph Judith , Smith Toby O. , Yardley Lucy , Redmond Anthony C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionDigital delivery of pre‐operative total knee replacement (TKR) education and prehabilitation could improve patient outcomes pre‐ and post‐operatively. Rigorously developing digital interventions is vital to help ensure they achieve their intended outcomes whilst mitigating their potential drawbacks.ObjectiveTo develop a pre‐operative TKR education and prehabilitation digital intervention, the ‘Virtual Knee School’ (VKS).MethodsThe VKS was developed using an evidence‐, theory‐ and person‐based approach. This involved a mixed methods design with four phases. The first three focused on planning the VKS. The final phase involved creating a VKS prototype and iteratively refining it through concurrent think‐aloud interviews with nine patients who were awaiting/had undergone TKR. Meta‐inferences were generated by integrating findings from all the phases. ISRCTN registration of the overall project was obtained on 24 April 2020 (ISRCTN11759773).ResultsMost participants found the VKS prototype acceptable overall and considered it a valuable resource. Conversely, a minority of participants felt the prototype's digital format or content did not meet their individual needs. Participants' feedback was used to refine the prototype's information architecture, design and content. Two meta‐inferences were generated and recommend:

Comprehensive pre‐operative TKR education and prehabilitation support should be rapidly accessible in digital and non‐digital formats.
Pre‐operative TKR digital interventions should employ computer‐ and self‐tailoring to account for patients' individual needs and preferences.ConclusionsIntegrating evidence, theory and stakeholders' perspectives enabled the development of a promising VKS digital intervention for patients awaiting TKR. The findings suggest future research evaluating the VKS is warranted and provide recommendations for optimising pre‐operative TKR care.Patient or Public ContributionPatient and Public Involvement (PPI) was central throughout the project. For example, PPI representatives contributed to the project planning, were valued members of the Project Advisory Group, had key roles in developing the VKS prototype and helped disseminate the project findings.
Training dental hygiene students to care for patients with disabilities
Authors: Spolarich Ann Eshenaur , Gohlke Ellen , Fallone Karen , Bay R. Curtis 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a novel training programme on dental hygiene students' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about caring for individuals with disabilities.MethodsA mixed methods approach was used. Students from five dental hygiene programmes based at community colleges completed a two‐hour didactic training session to supplement their existing special care dentistry coursework. Students completed an original 14‐item pretest and posttest before and after the training that assessed attitudes and beliefs, and two validated posttests that assessed knowledge. Afterwards, students completed a clinical rotation in an advanced care dental clinic at a local academic institution, gaining hands‐on experience with equipment and patient treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to report training scores, types of services rendered, and modifications to treatment. Student comments about their experiences were assessed using thematic analysis.ResultsTwo hundred and ninety‐four students completed didactic training, and 261 completed clinical rotations. Posttest scores indicated positive improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs. All students provided direct patient care. Sixty‐nine percent treated patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities; 75% placed silver diamine fluoride or fluoride varnish. Altered patient positioning was used by 70.5%. Most students (95.4%) reported that their experience positively changed their attitudes towards caring for patients with disabilities in the future. Eight themes emerged, notably increased comfort and confidence, a willingness and desire to treat patients, the acquisition of new skills, and clinician behaviours of empathy and compassion towards others.ConclusionTraining can help prepare dental hygiene students with the confidence and skills to address the oral health needs of individuals with disabilities.
Can we playfully measure cognitive ability? Construct‐related validity and applicant reactions
Authors: Ohlms Marie L. , Melchers Klaus G. , Kanning Uwe P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe developed a game‐based assessment (GBA) measuring cognitive ability for use in personnel selection and examined its construct‐related validity. Moreover, applicant reactions toward this GBA were compared with a paper‐pencil‐based ability test. Both assessment tools were designed to measure verbal, numerical, and figural ability. N = 183 participants completed the GBA, the paper‐pencil test, and questions capturing applicant reactions and personality. We found a strong positive correlation of 0.51 between the overall GBA and paper‐pencil test scores, showing evidence for its construct‐related validity. Applicant reactions toward the GBA were consistently worse compared with the paper‐pencil test. Furthermore, males and individuals with more video game experience held more positive perceptions than females and individuals with less video game experience.
Outcome of an elective readmission policy in patients receiving acute myeloid leukaemia consolidation therapy and implications for an outpatient management programme
Authors: Grigg Andrew , Prabahran Ashvind , Donati Vanessa , Wong Eric , Mason Kate 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSafe outpatient management of acute leukaemia consolidation cycles may enable substantial savings in admission costs. Safety involves the prompt administration of antibiotics in patients with neutropenic fever. Our unit in a metropolitan tertiary referral hospital analysed a cohort of patients spanning a 10‐year period, with two key observations: (i) a high proportion of patients living a substantial distance from hospital and (ii) the high incidence and generally prompt onset of fever after severe neutropenia, suggesting this broad applicability of this approach is unfeasible without addressing travel issues and potentially reducing and/or delaying neutropenic fever with prophylactic antibiotics.
Machine learning models automate classification of penicillin adverse drug reaction labels
Authors: Inglis Joshua M. , Bacchi Stephen , Troelnikov Alexander , Smith William , Shakib Sepehr 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is a growing interest in the appropriate evaluation of penicillin adverse drug reaction (ADR) labels. We have developed machine learning models for classifying penicillin ADR labels using free‐text reaction descriptions, and here report external and practical validation. The models performed comparably with expert criteria for the categorisation of allergy or intolerance and identification of high‐risk allergies. These models have practical applications in detecting individuals suitable for penicillin ADR evaluation. Implementation studies are required.
Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans fungaemia is uniformly fatal in patients with haematological malignancy
Authors: Stewart Adam G. , Heney Claire , Paterson David L. , Harris Patrick N. A. , Edwards Felicity , Laupland Kevin B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractScedosporium and Lomentospora species are environmental moulds that are virulent in immunocompromised hosts and rarely cause bloodstream infection (BSI). Patients with Scedosporium and Lomentospora species BSI were identified by the state public laboratory service in Queensland, Australia, over a 20‐year period. Twenty‐two incident episodes occurred among 21 residents; one patient had a second episode 321 days following the first. Of these, 18 were Lomentospora prolificans, three were Scedosporium apiospermum complex and one was a nonspeciated Scedosporium species. Seventeen (81%) patients died during their index admission, and all‐cause mortality at 30, 90 and 365 days was 73%, 82% and 91% respectively. All 20 patients with haematological malignancy died within 365 days of follow‐up with a median time to death of 9 days (interquartile range, 6–20 days) following diagnoses of BSI.
Mental health nurses' experience of resilience during COVID‐19: A qualitative inquiry
Authors: Bui Minh Viet , McInnes Elizabeth , Ennis Gary , Foster Kim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic created unprecedented demands and additional stress for nurses in mental health settings. There is no prior evidence on nurses' experience of building and maintaining resilience in the context of work during COVID‐19. The aim of this study was to explore the experience and impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the resilience of nurses in mental health settings. Data from semi‐structured interviews with 20 nurses from an Australian mental health service were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Four main themes were generated: experiencing significant disruptions; making sense of shared chaos; having professional commitment; and growing through the challenges. Nurses' practice and teamwork were disrupted by COVID‐19 related changes to care models and infection prevention policies. They successfully adjusted by having awareness of self and others' emotions, using mental and emotional self‐regulatory strategies, engaging in self‐care, using ‘bricolage’ to create different ways to provide care, and having mutually supportive relationships. Nurses connected to their sense of purpose and professional commitment to fuel their therapeutic work and sustain care delivery. They experienced personal and professional growth with an increased understanding of their strengths and resilience. In the post‐pandemic period, although the challenges presented by the pandemic have lessened, there are ongoing negative impacts on nurses' wellbeing. To maintain and strengthen their wellbeing and practice, the findings indicate the importance of professional development in emotional regulation skills, and strategies to strengthen self‐care and build collegial relationships in teams. Resilience education can be implemented to support nurses' resilient practice skills.
RETRACTED: Prevalence of surgical site infection and risk factors in patients after foot and ankle surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cheng Jiaguo , Zhang Luping , Zhang Jing , Asadi Kamran , Farzan Ramyar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) and related factors in patients after foot and ankle surgery. A comprehensive, systematic search was conducted in different international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex and Scientific Information Database (SID) using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as ‘Prevalence’, ‘Surgical wound infection’, ‘Surgical site infection’ and ‘Orthopaedics’ from the earliest to 1 June 2023. The appraisal tool for cross‐sectional studies (AXIS tool) evaluates the quality of the included studies. A total of 10 447 patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery participated in nine studies. The pooled prevalence of SSI in patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery was reported in nine studies was 4.2% (95% CI: 2.4%–7.2%; I2 = 96.793%; p < 0.001). The odds ratio of SSI prevalence in men was higher than that of women and was significant (OR: 1.335; 95% CI: 1.106–1.612; Z = 3.009; p = 0.003). The pooled prevalence of SSI in patients with hindfoot fracture sites reported in five studies was 4.9% (95% CI: 2.6%–8.9%; I2 = 90.768%; p < 0.001). The pooled prevalence of SSI in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) reported in six studies was 9.1% (95% CI: 5.6%–14.6%; I2 = 73.957%; p = 0.002). The pooled prevalence of SSI in patients with hypertension (HTN) reported in five studies was 5.5% (95% CI: 2.5%–11.6%; I2 = 91.346%; p < 0.001). The pooled prevalence of SSI in patients with tobacco use reported in eight studies was 6.6% (95% CI: 4.1%–10.4%; I2 = 85.379%; p < 0.001). In general, the existing differences in the prevalence of SSI after foot and ankle surgery in different studies can be based on different risk factors such as comorbidities and gender. Therefore, it is suggested to design appropriate interventions to reduce SSI in these patients.
Ecological implications of fish removal: Insights from gut‐content analysis of roach (Rutilus rutilus) and European perch (Perca fluviatilis) in a eutrophic shallow lake
Authors: Berthelsen Andreas S. , Skov Christian , Søndergaard Martin , Larsen Martin H. , Lauridsen Torben L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLarge reductions in fish biomass are common both as a method of managing lake ecosystems by fish removals (biomanipulation) and as naturally occurring fish kills. To further understand how fish reductions change feeding patterns of fish, we studied the diets of small‐ to medium‐sized roach (Rutilus rutilus) and European perch (Perca fluviatilis) on a monthly basis using gut‐content analysis during an 18‐month period before and after a whole‐lake fish removal in a eutrophic shallow lake. Further, we performed in‐depth analyses of zoobenthos communities of the profundal and littoral zones, as well as analysed the zooplankton community in the littoral and pelagic parts of the lake to estimate abundance and biomass of potential diet items. We found that, in general, there was a trend toward increased zoobenthivory in both species and among all‐sized fish after fish removal, regardless of prior diet preference. Reduced piscivory among larger perch (>150 mm) and reduced zooplanktivory among smaller perch and roach (<150 mm) were also observed. Moreover, during a short period of high zooplankton biomass after fish removal, both perch and roach (all sizes) shifted their diet toward daphnids, which likely caused a decrease in daphnid population. We suggest that such change toward periodical zooplanktivory across fish species and size groups may lead to unexpectedly high top‐down control by fish after lake restoration by fish removal.
Receptor–ligand interaction controls microglial chemotaxis and amelioration of Alzheimer's disease pathology
Authors: Lau Shun‐Fat , Fu Amy K. Y. , Ip Nancy Y. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicroglia maintain brain homeostasis through their ability to survey and phagocytose danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In Alzheimer's disease (AD), microglial phagocytic clearance regulates the turnover of neurotoxic DAMPs including amyloid beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau. To mediate DAMP clearance, microglia express a repertoire of surface receptors to sense DAMPs; the activation of these receptors subsequently triggers a chemotaxis‐to‐phagocytosis functional transition in microglia. Therefore, the interaction between microglial receptors and DAMPs plays a critical role in controlling microglial DAMP clearance and AD pathogenesis. However, there is no comprehensive overview on how microglial sensome receptors interact with DAMPs and regulate various microglial functions, including chemotaxis and phagocytosis. In this review, we discuss the important axes of receptor–ligand interaction that control different microglial functions and their roles in AD pathogenesis. First, we summarize how the accumulation and structural changes of DAMPs trigger microglial functional impairment, including impaired DAMP clearance and aberrant synaptic pruning, in AD. Then, we discuss the important receptor–ligand axes that restore microglial DAMP clearance in AD and aging. These findings suggest that targeting microglial chemotaxis—the first critical step of the microglial chemotaxis‐to‐phagocytosis state transition—can promote microglial DAMP clearance in AD. Thus, our review highlights the importance of microglial chemotaxis in promoting microglial clearance activity in AD. Further detailed investigations are essential to identify the molecular machinery that controls microglial chemotaxis in AD.image
Effect of social class on personal control beliefs
Authors: John Melvin , Boileau Lucia L.‐A. , Bless Herbert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis research investigated the effect of social class on personal control beliefs.BackgroundDifferences in personal control beliefs serve as a central theoretical explanation for social class differences in cognition, emotion, and behavior. However, prior empirical research has not yet conclusively demonstrated that personal control beliefs differ between social classes.MethodAcross four studies (total N = 138,417), we investigated the link between social class and personal control beliefs with well‐established measures of social class (e.g., ISEI, McArthur Scale),representative samples, and data that allow for causal conclusions (e.g., experimental, and longitudinal data).ResultsWe found that (a) higher social class was associated with higher personal control beliefs across 60 countries. Furthermore, we observed that (b) higher social class of parents was associated with higher personal control beliefs in their children, and that (c) experimentally induced higher (vs. lower) social class led to increases (vs. decreases) of personal control beliefs.ConclusionsIndividuals from lower social classes consistently have weaker personal control beliefs than individuals from upper social classes. Social class differences in this fundamental personality characteristic are bound to have important consequences in various life domains (e.g., psychological and physical well‐being, and academic success).