bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of Nrf2 signalling pathway by tectoridin protects against ferroptosis in particulate matter‐induced lung injury
Authors: Dong Tingting , Fan Xiaoye , Zheng Nan , Yan Kun , Hou Tianhua , Peng Liping , Ci Xinxin 
Published: April 2023

Background and PurposeOur previous research showed that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of PM2.5‐induced lung injury. The present study aimed to investigate the protective role of the Nrf2 signalling pathway and its bioactive molecule tectoridin in PM2.5‐induced lung injury by regulating ferroptosis.Experimental ApproachWe examined the regulatory effect of Nrf2 on ferroptosis in PM2.5‐induced lung injury and Beas‐2b cells using Nrf2‐knockout (KO) mice and Nrf2 siRNA transfection. The effects and underlying mechanisms of tectoridin on PM2.5‐induced lung injury were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.Key ResultsNrf2 deletion increased iron accumulation and ferroptosis‐related protein expression in vivo and vitro, further exacerbating lung injury and cell death in response to PM2.5 exposure. Tectoridin activated Nrf2 target genes and ameliorated cell death caused by PM2.5. In addition, tectoridin prevented lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis in vitro, but in siNrf2‐treated cells, these effects almost disappeared. In addition, tectoridin effectively mitigated PM2.5‐induced respiratory system damage, as evaluated by HE, PAS, and inflammatory factors. Tectoridin also augmented the antioxidative Nrf2 signalling pathway and prevented changes in ferroptosis‐related morphological and biochemical indicators, including MDA levels, GSH depletion and GPX4 and xCT downregulation, in PM2.5‐induced lung injury. However, the effects of tectoridin on ferroptosis and respiratory injury were almost abolished in Nrf2‐KO mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur data proposed the protective effect of Nrf2 activation on PM2.5‐induced lung injury by inhibiting ferroptosis‐mediated lipid peroxidation and highlight the potential of tectoridin as a PM2.5‐induced lung injury treatment.
Association of mesothelioma deaths with neighborhood asbestos exposure due to a large‐scale asbestos‐cement plant
Authors: Kitamura Yuri , Zha Ling , Liu Rong , Shima Masayuki , Nakaya Tomoki , Kurumatani Norio , Kumagai Shinji , Goji Junko , Sobue Tomotaka 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA causal relationship between mesothelioma and occupational asbestos exposure is well known, while some studies have shown a relationship to non‐occupational exposures. The aim of this study was to quantify the risk of mesothelioma death associated with neighborhood asbestos exposure due to a large‐scale asbestos‐cement (AC) plant in Amagasaki, Japan, adjusting properly risk factors including occupational exposures. We conducted a nested case‐control study in which a fixed population of 143,929 residents who had been living in Amagasaki City between 1975 and 2002 were followed from 2002 to 2015. All 133 cases and 403 matched controls were interviewed about their occupational, domestic, household, and neighborhood asbestos exposures. Odds ratios (ORs) for mesothelioma death associated with the neighborhood exposure were estimated by a conditional logistic‐regression model. For quantitative assessments for neighborhood exposure, we adopted cumulative indices for individuals' residential histories at each residence‐specific asbestos concentration multiplied by the duration during the potential exposure period of 1957–1975 (crocidolite). We observed an increasing, dose‐dependent risk of mesothelioma death associated with neighborhood exposure, demonstrating that ORs in the highest quintile category were 21.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.8–79.2) for all, 23.7 (95% CI 3.8–147.2) for males, and 26.0 (95% CI 2.8–237.5) for females compared to the lowest quintile, respectively. A quantitative assessment for risk of mesothelioma deaths, adjusting for occupational and non‐occupational exposures separately, showed a dose‐dependent association with neighborhood exposure and no substantial gender differences in magnitude.
Organizational justice research: A review, synthesis, and research agenda
Authors: Adamovic Mladen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe conducted a general, semi‐systematic literature review on organizational justice. Based on this review, we first explored the various ways in which organizational justice was conceptualized. Second, we explained the importance of organizational justice by reviewing and synthesizing theoretical frameworks in organizational justice research and studies that analyzed the effects of justice on employee outcomes. Subsequently, we shifted the focus from the individual to the team level by reviewing and synthesizing justice climate and peer justice research. To expand prior research and stimulate future research, we presented several avenues for future research, such as the cultural sensitivity of justice, justice in diverse work environments, justice and conflict, and the changing nature of work and justice. We also created a theoretical foundation for the integration of organizational justice with research on workplace conflict, diversity and dissimilarity, cultural values, relationships with coworkers, and the changing nature of work.
The experiences of nurses following seclusion or restraint use and immediate staff debriefing in inpatient mental health settings
Authors: Mangaoil Remar A. , Cleverley Kristin , Peter Elizabeth , Simpson Alexander I. F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to explore nurses' experiences of seclusion or restraint use and their participation in immediate staff debriefing in inpatient mental health settings.DesignThis research was conducted using a descriptive exploratory design and data were gathered through in‐depth individual interviews.MethodsThe experiences of nurses following seclusion or restraint use and their participation in immediate staff debriefing were explored via teleconference, using a semi‐structured interview guide. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify prevalent themes from the data.ResultsInterviews (n=10) were conducted with nurses from inpatient mental health wards in July 2020. Five themes emerged through the data analysis: (i) ensuring personal safety; (ii) grappling between the use of least‐restrictive interventions and seclusion or restraint use; (iii) navigating ethical issues and personal reactions; (iv) seeking validation from colleagues and (v) attending staff debriefing based on previous experience. The themes were also analysed using Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model of Stress and Coping.ConclusionStaff debriefing is a vital resource for nurses to provide and/or receive emotion‐ and problem‐focused coping strategies. Mental health institutions should strive to establish supportive working environments and develop interventions based on the unique needs of nurses and the stressors they experience following seclusion or restraint use.Patient or Public ContributionNurses in both frontline and leadership roles were involved in the development and pilot test of the interview guide. The nurses who participated in the study were asked if they can be recontacted if clarification is needed during interview transcription or data analysis.
Distressing symptoms after major surgery among community‐living older persons
Authors: Gill Thomas M. , Han Ling , Murphy Terrence E. , Feder Shelli L. , Gahbauer Evelyne A. , Leo‐Summers Linda , Becher Robert D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRelatively little is known about how distressing symptoms change among older persons in the setting of major surgery. Our objective was to evaluate changes in distressing symptoms after major surgery and determine whether these changes differ according to the timing of surgery (nonelective vs. elective), sex, multimorbidity, and socioeconomic disadvantage.MethodsFrom a prospective longitudinal study of 754 nondisabled community‐living persons, 70 years of age or older, 368 admissions for major surgery were identified from 274 participants who were discharged from the hospital from March 1998 to December 2017. The occurrence of 15 distressing symptoms was ascertained in the month before and 6 months after major surgery. Multimorbidity was defined as more than two chronic conditions. Socioeconomic disadvantage was assessed at the individual level, based on Medicaid eligibility, and neighborhood level, based on an area deprivation index (ADI) score above the 80th state percentile.ResultsIn the month before major surgery, the occurrence and mean number of distressing symptoms were 19.6% and 0.75, respectively. In multivariable analyses, the rate ratios, denoting proportional increases in the 6 months after major surgery relative to presurgery values, were 2.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.91–3.44) and 2.90 (95% CI, 2.01–4.18) for the occurrence and number of distressing symptoms, respectively. The corresponding values were 3.54 (95% CI, 2.06–6.08) and 4.51 for nonelective surgery (95% CI, 2.32–8.76) and 2.12 (95% CI, 1.53–2.92) and 2.20 (95% CI, 1.48–3.29) for elective surgery; p‐values for interaction were 0.030 and 0.009. None of the other subgroup differences were statistically significant, although men had a greater proportional increase in the occurrence and number of distressing symptoms than women.ConclusionsAmong community‐living older persons, the burden of distressing symptoms increases substantially after major surgery, especially in those having nonelective procedures. Reducing symptom burden has the potential to improve quality of life and enhance functional outcomes after major surgery.
Pockets of Predictability
Authors: FARMER LELAND E. , SCHMIDT LAWRENCE , TIMMERMANN ALLAN 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTFor many benchmark predictor variables, short‐horizon return predictability in the U.S. stock market is local in time as short periods with significant predictability (“pockets”) are interspersed with long periods with no return predictability. We document this result empirically using a flexible time‐varying parameter model that estimates predictive coefficients as a nonparametric function of time and explore possible explanations of this finding, including time‐varying risk premia for which we find limited support. Conversely, pockets of return predictability are consistent with a sticky expectations model in which investors slowly update their beliefs about a persistent component in the cash flow process.
The neural dynamics of familiarity‐dependent face identity representation
Authors: Kovács Gyula , Li Chenglin , Ambrus Géza Gergely , Burton A. Mike 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecognizing a face as belonging to a given identity is essential in our everyday life. Clearly, the correct identification of a face is only possible for familiar people, but ‘familiarity’ covers a wide range—from people we see every day to those we barely know. Although several studies have shown that the processing of familiar and unfamiliar faces is substantially different, little is known about how the degree of familiarity affects the neural dynamics of face identity processing. Here, we report the results of a multivariate EEG analysis, examining the representational dynamics of face identity across several familiarity levels. Participants viewed highly variable face images of 20 identities, including the participants' own face, personally familiar (PF), celebrity and unfamiliar faces. Linear discriminant classifiers were trained and tested on EEG patterns to discriminate pairs of identities of the same familiarity level. Time‐resolved classification revealed that the neural representations of identity discrimination emerge around 100 ms post‐stimulus onset, relatively independently of familiarity level. In contrast, identity decoding between 200 and 400 ms is determined to a large extent by familiarity: it can be recovered with higher accuracy and for a longer duration in the case of more familiar faces. In addition, we found no increased discriminability for faces of PF persons compared to those of highly familiar celebrities. One's own face benefits from processing advantages only in a relatively late time‐window. Our findings provide new insights into how the brain represents face identity with various degrees of familiarity and show that the degree of familiarity modulates the available identity‐specific information at a relatively early time window.
Overexpression of the FERONIA receptor kinase MdMRLK2 enhances apple cold tolerance
Authors: Jing Yuanyuan , Pei Tingting , Li Chunrong , Wang Duanni , Wang Qi , Chen Yijia , Li Pengmin , Liu Changhai , Ma Fengwang 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYCold is one of the main abiotic stresses in temperate fruit crops, affecting the yield and fruit quality of apple in China and European countries. The plant receptor‐like kinase FERONIA is widely reported to be involved in abiotic stresses. However, its function in apple cold resistance remains unknown. Modification of cell wall components and accumulation of soluble sugars and amino acids are important strategies by which plants cope with cold. In this study, expression of the apple FERONIA receptor‐like kinase gene MdMRLK2 was rapidly induced by cold. Apple plants overexpressing MdMRLK2 (35S:MdMRLK2) showed enhanced cold resistance relative to the wild type. Under cold conditions, 35S:MdMRLK2 apple plants had higher amounts of water insoluble pectin, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, which may have resulted from reduced activities of polygalacturonase, pectinate lyase, pectinesterase, and cellulase. More soluble sugars and free amino acids and less photosystem damage were also observed in 35S:MdMRLK2 apple plants. Intriguingly, MdMRLK2 interacted with the transcription factor MdMYBPA1 and promoted its binding to MdANS and MdUFGT promoters, leading to more anthocyanin biosynthesis, particularly under cold conditions. These findings complemented the function of apple FERONIA MdMRLK2 responding to cold resistance.
Vascular thrombosis after single dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine in healthcare workers in South Africa: open label, single arm, phase 3B study (Sisonke study)
Authors: Jacobson Barry Frank , Schapkaitz Elise , Takalani Azwi , Rowji Pradeep , Louw Vernon Johan , Opie Jessica , Bekker Linda-Gail , Garrett Nigel , Goga Ameena , Reddy Tarylee , Yende-Zuma Nonhlanhla , Sanne Ian , Seocharan Ishen , Peter Jonny , Robinson Michelle , Collie Shirley , Khan Amber , Takuva Simbarashe , Gray Glenda 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the rates of vascular thrombotic adverse events in the first 35 days after one dose of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) in healthcare workers in South Africa and to compare these rates with those observed in the general population.DesignOpen label, single arm, phase 3B study.SettingSisonke study, South Africa, 17 February to 15 June 2021.ParticipantsThe Sisonke cohort of 477 234 healthcare workers, aged ≥18 years, who received one dose of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine.Main outcome measuresObserved rates of venous arterial thromboembolism and vaccine induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in individuals who were vaccinated, compared with expected rates, based on age and sex specific background rates from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD database (database of longitudinal routinely collected electronic health records from UK primary care practices using Vision general practice patient management software).ResultsMost of the study participants were women (74.9%) and median age was 42 years (interquartile range 33-51). Twenty nine (30.6 per 100 000 person years, 95% confidence interval 20.5 to 44.0) vascular thrombotic events occurred at a median of 14 days (7-29) after vaccination. Of these 29 participants, 93.1% were women, median age 46 (37-55) years, and 51.7% had comorbidities. The observed to expected ratios for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with thrombocytopenia and pulmonary embolism with thrombocytopenia were 10.6 (95% confidence interval 0.3 to 58.8) and 1.2 (0.1 to 6.5), respectively. Because of the small number of adverse events and wide confidence intervals, no conclusions were drawn between these estimates and the expected incidence rates in the population.ConclusionsVaccine induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis after one dose of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine was found in only a few patients in this South African population of healthcare workers. These findings are reassuring if considered in terms of the beneficial effects of vaccination against covid-19 disease. These data support the continued use of this vaccine, but surveillance is recommended to identify other incidences of venous and arterial thromboembolism and to improve confidence in the data estimates.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.govNCT04838795.
Diagnostic performance of two teledentistry tools in elderly care facilities: the ONE-1 protocol for a pilot prospective diagnostic study
Authors: Veynachter Thomas , Sural Yelda , Baudot Patrick , Remen Thomas , Baudet Alexandre , Kabuth Bernard , Clement Celine 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionElderly people living in care facilities suffer from difficulties in accessing preventive and curative dental care. This leads to poor oral health, which is an increased risk of systemic diseases, in a fragile and dependent population. All this contributes to a progressive loss of autonomy and a decreased quality of life. The use of information and communication technologies through oral telemedicine could help to overcome these barriers. We described the protocol for evaluating the diagnostic performance of two intraoral cameras against a gold standard clinical examination.Methods and analysisWe conduct a pilot multicentric and prospective diagnostic study (a minimal-risk, minimal-burden interventional research called ONE-1 (for Oral graNd Est step 1)) on two intraoral diagnostic tools (Soprocare camera and consumer camera) compared with a reference intraoral examination. Patients in four elderly care facilities will be included, with randomisation of participant selection and randomisation of the order of the three intraoral examinations performed by a dental surgeon. We will evaluate the diagnostic performance of each device with the asynchronous analysis of videos by two independent dental surgeons against the clinical gold standard examination performed by a single, third dental examiner. The primary outcome is the presence of at least one tooth decay in the dentition of each study participant. Second, we will evaluate the presence of other dental or oral diseases, and the time required to perform each examination. Finally, we will evaluate the organisation of patient follow-up.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by the French ethics committee (Protection to Persons Committee, Nord-Ouest IV on 9 June 2021 and on 28 November 2022). Results will be disseminated through conferences’ presentations and publications in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05089214.
Communication strategies to improve human papillomavirus (HPV) immunisation uptake among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oketch Sandra Y , Ochomo Edwin O , Orwa Jeniffer A , Mayieka Lilian M , Abdullahi Leila H 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesDeveloping countries face the greatest cervical cancer disease burden and mortality with suboptimal immunisation uptake. This review explores the communication strategies adopted, successes, challenges and lessons learnt in sub-Saharan countries to enhance human papillomavirus (HPV) immunisation.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Hinari, Cochrane Library, Trip database, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and seven grey resources were searched through May 2022.Eligibility criteriaWe included observational studies addressing communication strategies for HPV immunisation uptake.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers used standardised methods to search, screen and code included studies. Data extraction and assessment of risk of bias were done in duplicate to enhance validity of the results. Meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model. Findings were summarised and synthesised qualitatively.ResultsCommunication intervention to facilitate decision-making achieved uptake rate of 100% (95% CI 0.99% to 1.00%), followed by intervention to enable communication, which achieved 92% (95% CI 0.92% to 0.92%). Communication intervention to inform and educate achieved 90% (95% CI 0.90% to 0.90%).Targeting both healthcare workers and community leaders with the communication intervention achieved 95% (95% CI 0.91% to 0.98%), while teachers and school boards achieved 92% (95% CI 0.84% to 1.01%). Targeting policymakers achieved 86% (95% CI 0.78% to 0.93%).Based on the method of communication intervention delivery, use of training achieved an uptake rate of 85% (95% CI 0.84% to 0.87%); similarly, drama and dance achieved 85% (95% CI 0.84% to 0.86%). However, use of information, education and communication materials achieved 82% (95% CI 0.78% to 0.87%).ConclusionHPV vaccine communication is critical in ensuring that the community understands the importance of vaccination. The most effective communication strategies included those which educate the population about the HPV vaccine, facilitate decision-making on vaccine uptake and community ownership of the vaccination process immunisation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021243683.
Assessing preferences for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery services via online pharmacies in Kenya: protocol for a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Chen Yilin , Saldarriaga Enrique M , Montano Michalina A , Ngure Kenneth , Thuo Nicholas , Kiptinness Catherine , Rafferty Maeve , Terris-Prestholt Fern , Stergachis Andy , Mugambi Melissa Latigo , Ortblad Katrina F , Sharma Monisha 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective at preventing HIV acquisition, but coverage remains low in high prevalence settings. Initiating and continuing PrEP via online pharmacies is a promising strategy to expand PrEP uptake but little is known about user preferences for this strategy. We describe methods for a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to assess preferences for PrEP delivery from an online pharmacy.Methods and analysisThis cross-sectional study is conducted in Nairobi, Kenya, in partnership with MYDAWA, a private online pharmacy retailer with a planned sample size of >400 participants. Eligibility criteria are: ≥18 years, not known HIV-positive and interested in PrEP. Initial DCE attributes and levels were developed via literature review and stakeholder meetings. We conducted cognitive interviews to assess participant understanding of the DCE survey and refined the design. The final DCE used a D-efficient design and contained four attributes: PrEP eligibility assessment, HIV test type, clinical consultation type and user support options. Participants are presented with eight scenarios consisting of two hypothetical PrEP delivery services. The survey was piloted among 20 participants before being advertised on the MYDAWA website on pages displaying products indicating HIV risk (eg, HIV self-test kits). Interested participants call a study number and those screened eligible meet a research assistant in a convenient location to complete the survey. The DCE will be analysed using a conditional logit model to assess average preferences and mixed logit and latent class models to evaluate preference heterogeneity among subgroups.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the University of Washington Human Research Ethics Committee (STUDY00014011), the Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi County (EOP/NMS/HS/128) and the Scientific and Ethics Review Unit in Kenya (KEMRI/RES/7/3/1). Participation in the DCE is voluntary and subject to completion of an electronic informed consent. Findings will be shared at international conferences and peer-reviewed publications, and via engagement meetings with stakeholders.