bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On some simple geometric structure of affine Deligne–Lusztig varieties for $${{\,\textrm{GL}\,}}_n$$
Authors: Shimada Ryosuke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper we study the geometric structure of affine Deligne–Lusztig varieties $$X_{\lambda }(b)$$

X
λ

(
b
)

for $$\textrm{GL}_n$$

GL
n

and b basic. Motivated by Görtz and He (Camb J Math 3:323–353, 2015) and Chan and Ivanov (Math Ann 380:1801–1890, 2021), we consider a new condition on $$\lambda $$
λ
. If this is satisfied, then $$X_{\lambda }(b)$$

X
λ

(
b
)

is the disjoint union of classical Deligne–Lusztig varieties times finite-dimensional affine spaces.
Synthesis of superabsorbent composite based on chitosan-g-poly(acrylamide)/attapulgite
Authors: Kenawy El-Refaie , Elnaby Hasnaa Hasab , Azaam Mohamed M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe production of environmentally friendly SAP using biodegradable natural resources such as chitosan was synthesized for water saving and controlled-released fertilizer. Chitosan-g-poly(acrylamide)/attapulgite superabsorbent composites (CTS) were created by crosslinking N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) with chitosan (Ch), acrylamide, and attapulgite (ATP) and initiating the reaction with potassium persulfate (KPS). Spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope were used to characterize the composite structures. It was done to determine how certain characteristics, such as the initiator percentage, crosslinker ratio, and clay content, affected the composite's ability to swell. The results confirmed that the thermal stability of the composite was improved by the addition of ATP. The maximum swelling was attained when the KPS concentration was 0.1 g. However, the addition of 0.2 g of KPS created a composite with a lower swelling capacity. When the amount of ATP was increased by up to 0.4 g, the swelling increased from 210 to 319 g/g. However, as the clay amount was increased further to 1.2 g, the swelling capacity decreased to 170 g/g. As pH increased to 3.0, the swelling of ATP2 grew larger; nevertheless, it shrank between pH values of 3 and 6. As the pH climbed to 8, the swelling sharply grew. The chosen composition was evaluated as a controlled-release method for urea fertilizer and swelled to 319 g/g in water (CTS2). The findings demonstrated that when the formulation's ATP content was increased from 0 to 1.2 g, the release rate was delayed, and the release length increased from 5 to 21 h.

Graphical abstract
On the numerical and mesh-dependent parameters in a computationally enhanced phase-field fracture model coupled with a novel mesh refinement strategy
Authors: Sarmadi Nima , Mousavi Nezhad Mohaddeseh , Fisher Quentin J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe phase-field method has been proven as a robust and computationally efficient approach to model the propagation of fractures in brittle solids. However, the performance of this technique in the context of finite element method can be questioned due to restrictions in the mesh structure and the element size to capture the fracture as a diffusive damaged region. This study is dedicated to developing a methodology for finding an appropriate length-scale parameter to model the fracturing process in a way that matches the physical character of failure in materials. The fracture process zone is chosen as the key feature in this study to propose relationships for estimating the length-scale parameter based on the tensile strength and cracking properties, and the robustness of the method is verified using experimental data. To employ the phase-field method in modelling large-scale domains and complex geometries, a novel mesh refinement strategy is developed to increase the computational efficiency based on predicting a corrected tensile strength limit depending on the element size to capture the crack-tip effectively. The proposed mesh refinement strategy reduces the computational effort significantly. Reliability and robustness of the developed relationships are successfully examined by simulating benchmark cases and comparisons with physically measured data.
Fetal growth at term and placental oxidative stress in a tissue micro-array model: a histological and immunohistochemistry study
Authors: Xodo Serena , Celante Lisa , Liviero Stefania , Orsaria Maria , Mariuzzi Laura , De Luca Matteo , Damante Giuseppe , Driul Lorenza , Cagnacci Angelo , Ferino Annalisa , Di Giorgio Eros , Xodo Luigi , Londero Ambrogio Pietro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study examines 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxo-Gua) staining in placental tissue samples based on fetal size at birth as well as its relationships with placental histology and other pregnancy variables. This prospective cohort study included women > 18 years with a singleton pregnancy, a live fetus, fluency in Italian, and delivery at term. A total of 165 pregnancies were included in the study. The nuclear syncytiotrophoblast 8-oxo-Gua staining score in LGA was substantially greater than in late FGR (p < 0.05), although the cytoplasm score was lower in SGA and LGA than in AGA (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a sex-specific pattern of 8-oxo-Gua staining was discovered in single-term placentas, with more oxidative damage found in the nuclei of syncytiotrophoblast cells and stromal and endothelial cells in AGA males compared to AGA females (p < 0.05). Second, the histological pattern of late FGR placentae differed by gender. Finally, a significant correlation (p < 0.05) was found between high-intensity 8-oxo-Gua staining in the cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblast cells and thrombi in the chorionic plate or villi in males. On the other hand, female fetuses demonstrated a significant connection (p < 0.05) between high-intensity 8-oxo-Gua staining in endothelial and stromal cells and high birthweight MoM values. Our findings indicated a significant variation in the oxidative stress pattern between male and female placentae, implying that fetal growth is regulated differently in the two sexes.
Exercise alters cortico-basal ganglia network metabolic connectivity: a mesoscopic level analysis informed by anatomic parcellation defined in the mouse brain connectome
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Donahue Erin K. , Guo Yumei , Renteln Michael , Petzinger Giselle M. , Jakowec Michael W. , Holschneider Daniel P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe basal ganglia are important modulators of the cognitive and motor benefits of exercise. However, the neural networks underlying these benefits remain poorly understood. Our study systematically analyzed exercise-associated changes in metabolic connectivity in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic network during the performance of a new motor task, with regions-of-interest defined based on mesoscopic domains recently defined in the mouse brain structural connectome. Mice were trained on a motorized treadmill for six weeks or remained sedentary (control), thereafter undergoing [14C]-2-deoxyglucose metabolic brain mapping during wheel walking. Regional cerebral glucose uptake (rCGU) was analyzed in 3-dimensional brains reconstructed from autoradiographic brain sections using statistical parametric mapping. Metabolic connectivity was assessed by calculating inter-regional correlation of rCGU cross-sectionally across subjects within a group. Compared to controls, exercised animals showed broad decreases in rCGU in motor areas, but increases in limbic areas, as well as the visual and association cortices. In addition, exercised animals showed (i) increased positive metabolic connectivity within and between the motor cortex and caudoputamen (CP), (ii) newly emerged negative connectivity of the substantia nigra pars reticulata with the globus pallidus externus, and CP, and (iii) reduced connectivity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Increased metabolic connectivity in the motor circuit in the absence of increases in rCGU strongly suggests greater network efficiency, which is also supported by the reduced involvement of PFC-mediated cognitive control during the performance of a new motor task. Our study delineates exercise-associated changes in functional circuitry at the subregional level and provides a framework for understanding the effects of exercise on functions of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic network.
High USP4 mRNA is associated with an HPV-positive status in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Scheiflinger Alexandra , Al-Gboore Sega , Jank Bernhard J. , Brkic Faris , Kadletz-Wanke Lorenz , Kenner Lukas , Heiduschka Gregor , Schnoell Julia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the most common cancers in the world with a low survival rate and common diagnosis at late stages. Deubiquitination of proteins is involved in tumor growth, metastasis, apoptosis, and immunosuppressive pathways. The impact of the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP4) on survival was only scarcely investigated so far. The goal of our research was to analyze the association of USP4 expression with prognosis and clinicopathological features in HNSCC.

Methods
USP4 mRNA levels were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for a cohort of 510 patients. Protein expression of USP4 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a second cohort of 113 patients. Associations between USP4 levels and overall survival, disease-free survival and clinicopathological data were analyzed.

Results
High levels of USP4 mRNA were associated with prolonged overall survival in univariable analysis. There was no more association with survival after correction for the confounders HPV, stage and smoker status. High USP4 mRNA levels were linked to a lower T-stage, the patient’s age at diagnosis, and a positive HPV status. USP4 protein levels were not associated with prognosis or other features.

Conclusion
Since high USP4 mRNA was not an independent prognostic marker, we assume that the association is a result of the correlation of high USP4 mRNA with an HPV-positive status. Therefore, further investigation of USP4 mRNA and its association with the HPV status of HNSCC patients is warranted.
Eculizumab use in patients with pneumococcal-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome and kidney outcomes
Authors: Konopásek Patrik , Zieg Jakub 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (P-HUS) is a rare and severe disease. Only a few reports have been published about eculizumab use in P-HUS.

Methods
We analyzed demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of patients with P-HUS from our center.

Results
The cohort consisted of 4 females and 3 males. All patients had pneumonia. Four were given eculizumab (days 1–3). The eculizumab group required a shorter duration of dialysis and mechanical ventilation (medians 20 vs. 28.5 and 30 vs 38.5 days, respectively) compared with the non-eculizumab group, but this was still much longer than normally reported; the thrombocytopenia resolution was similar in both groups (medians 10 vs. 8 days). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was correlated with the duration of dialysis and mechanical ventilation duration at 1 year (r = 0.797, P = 0.032 and r = 0.765, P = 0.045) and last follow-up (r = 0.807, P = 0.028 and r = 0.814, P = 0.026, respectively); our scoring system showed even stronger correlations (r = 0.872, P = 0.011 and r = 0.901, P = 0.0057, respectively). The eculizumab group showed slightly better 1-year and last follow-up CKD stage (2.75 vs. 3, P = 0.879 and 2.5 vs. 3.67, P = 0.517).

Conclusions
Despite the fact that the eculizumab group showed better outcomes, eculizumab does not seem to improve the course of P-HUS compared with previous reports. Kidney outcomes are strongly correlated with the duration of dialysis and mechanical ventilation duration.

Graphical Abstract
Coupled Hydromechanical Modelling of a Vertical Hydraulic Sealing System Based on the Sandwich Principle
Authors: Shao H. , Roelke Ch. , Emmerich K. , Popp T. , Koeniger F. , Schuhmann R. , Wieczorek K. , Hesser J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor the shaft sealing of a repository for radioactive waste, a Sandwich sealing system was developed by KIT-CMM consisting of bentonite-based sealing segments (DS) and sand mixture-based equipotential segments (ES). To demonstrate the functionality of the Sandwich sealing system, various laboratory tests (MiniSandwich tests and semi-technical scale experiments) have been carried out before a large-scale experiment has been implemented in situ at the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory (CH). An important coupled process in the Sandwich system is the swelling deformation of the DS while aqueous fluid penetrates into the system. Consequently, the interparticle porosity (effective porosity) of the DS decreases by swelling strain, resulting in a reduction in the permeability of the DS. Pore space of the ES also decreases slightly due to swelling stress in the adjacent DS, which also leads to a reduction in the permeability of the ES. To understand the coupled hydromechanical processes of the Sandwich sealing system, a numerical model was developed to interpret the experimental observations from the MiniSandwich tests and to parameterize different components. A linear swelling model for DS and empirical functions for the swelling deformation-induced permeability change for both DS and ES segments were introduced into the coupled model with Richards’ flow and elastic model. Sensitivity analysis with parameter variations of the most important parameters reduces the uncertainty in the system behavior.
Electrochemical monitoring of enzymatic cleavage in nanochannels with nanoparticle-based enhancement: determination of MMP-9 biomarker
Authors: Valero-Calvo David , Toyos-Rodriguez Celia , García-Alonso Francisco Javier , de la Escosura-Muñiz Alfredo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract For the first time the use of nanoparticles as carriers of an enzymatic substrate immobilized inside nanoporous alumina membranes is proposed with the aim of amplifying the nanochannel blocking produced and, consequently, improving the efficiency of an enzyme determination through enzymatic cleavage. Streptavidin-modified polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) are proposed as carrier agents, contributing to the steric and the electrostatic blockage due to the charge they present at different pH values. Electrostatic blockage is the predominant effect that governs the blockage in the interior of the nanochannel and is dependent not just in the charge inside the channel, but also in the polarity of the redox indicator used. Hence, the effect of using negatively charged ([Fe(CN)6]4−) and positively charged ([Ru(NH3)6]3+) redox indicator ions is studied for the first time. Under the optimum conditions, matrix-metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is detected at clinically relevant levels (100–1200 ng/mL) showing a detection limit of 75 ng/mL and a quantification limit of 251 ng/mL with good reproducibility (RSD: 8%) and selectivity, also showing an excellent performance in real samples with acceptable recovery percentages (in the range around 80–110%). Overall, our approach represents a cheap and fast sensing methodology of great potential in point-of-care diagnostics.
Graphical Abstract
Granular binary mixtures improve energy dissipation efficiency of granular dampers
Authors: Varela-Rosales Nydia Roxana , Santarossa Angel , Engel Michael , Pöschel Thorsten 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGranular dampers are systems used to attenuate undesired vibrations produced by mechanical devices. They consist of cavities filled by granular particles. In this work, we consider a granular damper filled with a binary mixture of frictionless spherical particles of the same material but different size using numerical discrete element method simulations. We show that the damping efficiency is largely influenced by the composition of the binary mixture.
Spondyloarthritis mass cytometry immuno-monitoring: a proof of concept study in the tight-control and treat-to target TiCoSpA trial
Authors: Koppejan Hester , Beyrend Guillaume , Hameetman Marjolijn , Abdelaal Tamim , Toes René E.M. , van Gaalen Floris A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
Mass cytometry (MC) immunoprofiling allows high-parameter phenotyping of immune cells. We set to investigate the potential of MC immuno-monitoring of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients enrolled in the Tight Control SpondyloArthritis (TiCoSpA) trial.

Methods
Fresh, longitudinal PBMCs samples (baseline, 24, and 48 weeks) from 9 early, untreated axSpA patients and 7 HLA-B27+ controls were analyzed using a 35-marker panel. Data were subjected to HSNE dimension reduction and Gaussian mean shift clustering (Cytosplore), followed by Cytofast analysis. Linear discriminant analyzer (LDA), based on initial HSNE clustering, was applied onto week 24 and 48 samples.

Results
Unsupervised analysis yielded a clear separation of baseline patients and controls including a significant difference in 9 T cell, B cell, and monocyte clusters (cl), indicating disrupted immune homeostasis. Decrease in disease activity (ASDAS score; median 1.7, range 0.6–3.2) from baseline to week 48 matched significant changes over time in five clusters: cl10 CD4 Tnai cells median 4.7 to 0.02%, cl37 CD4 Tem cells median 0.13 to 8.28%, cl8 CD4 Tcm cells median 3.2 to 0.02%, cl39 B cells median 0.12 to 2.56%, and cl5 CD38+ B cells median 2.52 to 0.64% (all p<0.05).

Conclusions
Our results showed that a decrease in disease activity in axSpA coincided with normalization of peripheral T- and B-cell frequency abnormalities. This proof of concept study shows the value of MC immuno-monitoring in clinical trials and longitudinal studies in axSpA. MC immunophenotyping on a larger, multi-center scale is likely to provide crucial new insights in the effect of anti-inflammatory treatment and thereby the pathogenesis of inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Key Points• Longitudinal immuno-monitoring of axSpA patients through mass cytometry indicates that normalization of immune cell compartments coincides with decrease in disease activity.• Our proof of concept study confirms the value of immune-monitoring utilizing mass cytometry.
SRPX2 promotes cancer cell proliferation and migration of papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Guo Haiwei , Liu Ruiqi , Wu Jiajun , Li Shuang , Yao Weiping , Xu Jiajie , Zheng Chuanming , Lu Yanwei , Zhang Haibo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThyroid cancer is the endocrine tumor with the highest incidence at present. It originates from the thyroid follicular epithelium or follicular paraepithelial cells. There is an increasing incidence of thyroid cancer all over the world. We found that SRPX2 expression level was higher in papillary thyroid tumors than in normal thyroid tissues, and SRPX2 expression was closely related to tumor grade and clinical prognosis. Previous reports showed that SRPX2 could function by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In addition, in vitro experiments showed that SRPX2 promoted the proliferation and migration of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). In conclusion, SRPX2 could promote the malignant development of PTC. This may be a potential treatment target for PTC.
EMF-Syncer: scalable maintenance of view models over heterogeneous data-centric software systems at run time
Authors: Boronat Artur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the increasing presence of cyber-physical systems (CPSs), like autonomous vehicle systems and digital twins, the future of software engineering is predicated on the importance of designing and developing data-centric software systems that can adapt intelligently at run time. CPSs consist of complex heterogeneous software components. Model-driven engineering advocates using software models to tame such complexity, capturing the relevant design concerns of such systems at different levels of abstraction. Yet most of the existing CPSs are engineered without considering MDE practices and tools, facing fundamental challenges when working with data: monitoring the program data at run time, syncing updates between program and model, dealing with heterogeneous data sources, and representing such observed data at run time to facilitate automated analysis. In this work, we introduce the notion of view models to explicitly represent parts of the domain knowledge implicitly embedded in the source code of a software system. This notion is equipped with a scalable bidirectional syncing mechanism that extracts view model instances from program snapshots at run time. The syncing mechanism is proposed from a conceptual point of view, independently of specific implementations and supports incremental view model update and view model maintenance. We show how this syncing mechanism is flexible enough to facilitate the non-intrusive adoption of MDE technology over existing MDE-agnostic heterogeneous data-centric systems. We study the run-time cost implied by the EMF-Syncer , the tool implementing this syncing mechanism for Java applications and view models atop the eclipse modeling framework (EMF) when executing data analytic and transformation tasks over large volumes of data in the presence of data updates at run time. An empirical evaluation of the EMF-Syncer has been conducted with an industry-targeted benchmark for decision support systems, analyzing performance and scalability. The novel syncing mechanism enables new opportunities to adopt MDE technology in heterogeneous data-centric systems.
Positive chemotaxis to plant apoplastic fluids of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 and metabolome analysis
Authors: Watanabe Yuta , Tumewu Stephany Angelia , Yamada Hajime , Matsui Hidenori , Yamamoto Mikihiro , Noutoshi Yoshiteru , Toyoda Kazuhiro , Ichinose Yuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 (Pta6605) is a causal agent of wildfire disease in host tobacco plants. Although chemotaxis has been shown to be necessary for Pta6605 in tobacco infection, the chemoattractants at the site of infection are unclear. Pta6605 was attracted to the apoplastic fluid from not only host tobacco leaves but also non-host plant leaves, indicating that Pta6605 is attracted to common plant metabolites. Metabolome analysis of apoplastic fluid from tobacco leaves revealed that amino acids including γ-aminobutyric acid and organic acids are abundant, suggesting that these compounds are potential chemoattractants.
The gradual coevolution of syntactic combinatorics and categorization under the effects of human self-domestication: a proposal
Authors: Benítez-Burraco Antonio , Hoshi Koji , Progovac Ljiljana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe gradual emergence of syntax has been claimed to be engaged in a feedback loop with Human Self-Domestication (HSD), both processes resulting from, and contributing to, enhanced connectivity in selected cortico-striatal networks, which is the mechanism for attenuating reactive aggression, the hallmark of HSD, but also the mechanism of cross-modality, relevant for syntax. Here, we aim to bridge the gap between these brain changes and further changes facilitated by the gradual complexification of grammars. We propose that increased cross-modality would have enabled and supported, more specifically, a feedback loop between categorization abilities relevant for vocabulary building and the gradual emergence of syntactic structure, including Merge. In brief, an enhanced categorization ability not only brings about more distinct categories, but also a critical number of tokens in each category necessary for Merge to take off in a systematic and productive fashion; in turn, the benefits of expressive capabilities brought about by productive Merge encourage more items to be categorized, and more categories to be formed, thus further potentiating categorization abilities, and with it, syntax again. We support our hypothesis with evidence from the domains of language development and animal communication, but also from biology, neuroscience, paleoanthropology, and clinical linguistics.