bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethical challenges and principles in integrated care
Authors: McKeown Alex 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Integrated care is an established approach to delivery in parts of the healthcare infrastructure, and an ideal which, it is claimed, should be realized system-wide. Its ethical weight derives from its defence of a view about how healthcare ought to operate. Although the goal of integration is laudable, it is ethically and practically complex, involving trade-offs.

Sources of data
Considerable evidence attests to widespread enthusiasm for integration, given the need to prevent harm and extend the reach of scarce resources. Equally, evidence increasingly highlights the obstacles to successfully translating this ideal into practice.

Areas of agreement
The principle that healthcare should be seamless, ensuring that patients do not come to harm through gaps in care enjoys broad agreement. There is a similar consensus that placing the patient’s perspective at the centre of decision-making is vital, since this enables identification of these gaps.

Areas of controversy
Integrating care by making it seamless entails blurring boundaries of care domains. This risks undermining the locus of responsibility for care decisions via confusion about who has ownership of specialist knowledge where domains overlap. There is a lack of consensus about how successful integration should be measured.

Growing points
More research into the relative cost-effectiveness of upstream public health investment in preventing chronic ill-health caused by modifiable lifestyle factors vs integrating care for people already ill; further research into ethical implications of integration in practice, which can be obscured by the simplicity of the fundamental normative principle guiding integration in theory.
Acute coronary syndromes and multivessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Zimbardo Giuseppe , Cialdella Pio , Di Fusco Paolo , Donahue Michael Edward , D’Aquino Umberto Maria Lombardi , Paolucci Luca , Sergi Sonia Cristina , Talarico Giovanni Paolo , Calò Leonardo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and multivessel coronary artery disease are frequently encountered during clinical practice and those patients are at higher risk of subsequent acute cardiovascular events. In patients presenting with both ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes, complete revascularization is associated with decreased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Nevertheless, the optimal timing of the intervention and treatment modality are still in discussions. Furthermore, non-culprit lesions assessment based on stenosis severity, either on visual or on functional evaluation, may not provide information about vulnerable plaques prone to thrombosis. Therefore, insights from intracoronary imaging could further identify high-risk plaque and patients at higher risk of future adverse events. This article aims to provide an overview of current guideline recommendations, envisioning future perspectives for the treatment of patients with ACS and multivessel disease.
HeartInsight: from SELENE HF to implementation in clinical practice
Authors: Zanotto Gabriele , Capucci Alessandro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
There is strong evidence that remote monitoring in cardiac implantable electronic devices can detect device malfunctions earlier than conventional monitoring and that it can be useful for detecting cardiac arrhythmias, while little data are available for an improved management of heart failure (HF). HeartInsight is a new remote monitoring algorithm developed and validated in the SELENE HF study that combines information from a diverse set of sensors integrated into one alert to detect worsening HF with promising accuracy. However, the shift from detecting technical issues or arrhythmia episodes to early predicting clinical events underscores the need to understand how to properly integrate these tools into the clinical workflow by defining an organizational model and shared guidelines for the management of HF alerts. Here, we critically discuss issues that will be raised by the implementation of this ‘enhanced’ remote monitoring approach to HF care in daily clinical practice.
Low-dose rivaroxaban: can cardiovascular events be reduced?
Authors: De Luca Leonardo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Despite available effective guideline-based preventive therapies, patients with vascular diseases remain at high-risk of recurrent ischaemic events. Novel therapeutic strategies are therefore needed in order to further reduce the residual risk that is present in these high-risk patients. The Cardiovascular Outcomes for People using Anticoagulation Strategies trial demonstrated that, in patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD), a combination of rivaroxaban 2.5 mg/bid (vascular dose) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 100 mg once daily, the so-called dual pathway inhibition (DPI), reduced cardiovascular death, stroke, or myocardial infarction by 24% and mortality by 18%, as compared with ASA-alone. The rationale that can explain the improvement of cardiovascular outcome is that platelet aggregation and fibrin formation are involved in arterial thrombosis and rivaroxaban is able to target both ways and has a synergic effect with ASA. The aim of this review is to discuss the potential mechanisms and added benefits of DPI, in patients with PAD and CAD.
The Brugada syndrome: pharmacological therapy
Authors: Giustetto Carla , Cerrato Natascia , Dusi Veronica , Angelini Filippo , De Ferrari Gaetano , Gaita Fiorenzo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Brugada syndrome is an inherited channelopathy with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and an increased incidence of supraventricular arrhythmias, as compared with the general population. For the prevention of SCD, the guidelines recommend the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD); however, ICD does not prevent VA. In this article, we provide a brief review of the literature on the Brugada syndrome pharmacological therapy, mainly focusing on quinidine treatment. The efficacy of quinidine therapy in the prevention of VA in Brugada syndrome has been demonstrated by several small studies in patients with ICD and recurrent shocks or in asymptomatic patients with inducible ventricular fibrillation (VF) at electrophysiological study. Quinidine has also been tested for the prophylaxis of supraventricular arrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation/flutter, and in paediatric patients. In these studies, quinidine proved highly effective in preventing re-induction of VF and spontaneous recurrences of both ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. Unfortunately, this therapy is burdened by a high incidence of side effects, which may lead to drug discontinuation.
Artificial intelligence for advanced analysis of coronary plaque
Authors: van Assen Marly , von Knebel Doeberitz Philipp , Quyyumi Arshed A , De Cecco Carlo N 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The field of coronary plaque analysis is advancing including more quantitative analysis of coronary artery diseases such as plaque burden, high-risk plaque features, computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve, and radiomics. Although these biomarkers have shown great promise for the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac patients in a research setting, many of these advanced analyses are labour and time intensive and therefore hard to implement in daily clinical practice. Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasing role in supporting the quantification of these new biomarkers. AI offers the opportunity to increase efficiency, reduce human error and reader variability and to increase the accuracy of diagnosis and prognosis by automating many processing and supporting clinicians in their decision-making. With the use of AI these novel analysis approaches for coronary artery disease can be made feasible for clinical practice without increasing cost and workload and potentially improve patient care.
Multimodality imaging in decompensated heart failure
Authors: D’Andrea Antonello , Ilardi Federica , Palermi Stefano , Riegler Lucia , Miele Tiziana , Giallauria Francesco , D’Alto Michele , Russo Vincenzo , Cice Gennaro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is usually suspected by clinical history, symptoms, physical examination, electrocardiogram findings, and natriuretic peptides’ values. However, echocardiography and other imaging techniques play an essential role in supporting HF diagnosis. Thanks to its non-invasiveness and safety, transthoracic echocardiography is the first-level technique of choice to assess myocardial structure and function, trying to establish the diagnosis of HF with reduced, mildly reduced, and preserved ejection fraction. The role of echocardiography is not limited to diagnosis but it represents a crucial tool in guiding therapeutic decision-making and monitoring response to therapy. Over the last decades, several technological advancements were made in the imaging field, aiming at better understanding the morphofunctional abnormalities occurring in cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the incremental role of imaging techniques (in particular cardiac magnetic resonance and myocardial scintigraphy) in HF, highlighting their essential applications to HF diagnosis and management.
Chronic heart failure: the role of di vericiguat
Authors: Caminiti Giuseppe , Sposato Barbara , Volterrani Maurizio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The introduction of multiple new pharmacological agents over the past three decades in the field of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has led to reduced rates of mortality and hospitalizations, and consequently, the prevalence of HFrEF has increased, and up to 10% of patients progress to more advanced stages, characterized by high rates of mortality and hospitalizations and poor quality of life. Vericiguat, a novel oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, has proved effective in patients with HFrEF who had recently been hospitalized or had received intravenous diuretic therapy. In these patients, vericiguat reduced the primary outcome of death from cardiovascular causes or first hospitalization for heart failure in comparison with placebo. By reducing hospital admissions in a population at a very high risk of re-hospitalization, vericiguat might have a positive impact on healthcare costs for the management of HFrEF.
Spectral induced polarization of rocks with electronically conductive inclusions: a semi-empirical capillary model
Authors: Gurin Grigory , Titov Konstantin 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARY
Induced polarization (IP) method is widely used in different applications including mining geology, hydrogeology, contaminant hydrology, geodynamics and geothermal research. For this reason, petrophysical investigations of IP parameters present an increased interest. Last decades IP behaviour of rocks and sediments containing metallic particles (MP) was extensively studied. Petrophysical investigations were performed mostly with synthetic granular models presented mixtures of sands and MP. In this paper, for the first time, we present IP data measured on a synthetic capillary model. The model made of Plexiglas contains a bundle of capillaries: some active (i.e. blocked by MP), others passive (open). In the experiments, we varied (i) the volumetric content of MP (ii) the water electrical resistivity, (iii) the model porosity and (iv) the MP resistance. We found that the chargeability primarily depends on the ratio of the active to total surface of the pore cross-sections. Consequently, when the model contains only one active pore, and no passive pores, the chargeability is equal to 100 per cent. This is the case even if the volumetric content of MP is very small. This behaviour of the capillary model is contrary to that of sand-MP mixture where the chargeability is approximately proportional to the volumetric MP content. We also found that the relaxation time of the capillary model depends on the bulk resistivity, the MP resistivity and the specific capacitance of the electrical double layer at the ‘MP–pore water’ interface. We explain the experimental data based on a new semi-empirical model. The model presents an extension of Pelton's model with explicit consideration of electrical and structural parameters of the capillaries.
RcSPL1–RcTAF15b regulates the flowering time of rose (Rosa chinensis)
Authors: Yu Rui , Xiong Zhiying , Zhu Xinhui , Feng Panpan , Hu Ziyi , Fang Rongxiang , Zhang Yuman , Liu Qinglin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Rose (Rosa chinensis), which is an economically valuable floral species worldwide, has three types, namely once-flowering (OF), occasional or re-blooming (OR), and recurrent or continuous flowering (CF). However, the mechanism underlying the effect of the age pathway on the duration of the CF or OF juvenile phase is largely unknown. In this study, we observed that the RcSPL1 transcript levels were substantially upregulated during the floral development period in CF and OF plants. Additionally, accumulation of RcSPL1 protein was controlled by rch-miR156. The ectopic expression of RcSPL1 in Arabidopsis thaliana accelerated the vegetative phase transition and flowering. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of RcSPL1 in rose plants accelerated flowering, whereas silencing of RcSPL1 had the opposite phenotype. Accordingly, the transcription levels of floral meristem identity genes (APETALA1, FRUITFULL, and LEAFY) were significantly affected by the changes in RcSPL1 expression. RcTAF15b protein, which is an autonomous pathway protein, was revealed to interact with RcSPL1. The silencing and overexpression of RcTAF15b in rose plants led to delayed and accelerated flowering, respectively. Collectively, the study findings imply that RcSPL1–RcTAF15b modulates the flowering time of rose plants.
Modular systems, interconnecting features and technical function in EU design law—GC rules on relationship between functionality provisions in Article 8 CDR
Authors: Brancusi Lavinia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The General Court ruled that not all the features ensuring the interconnection between two products and covered by the must-fit prohibition are also solely dictated by the technical function of one of the products; a design right conferred over a modular product may, however, be invoked for the benefit of all of its must-fit features, irrespective of whether or not they are solely dictated by the technical function.
Spontaneous rupture of nontraumatic hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Boyd-Tressler Andrea , Follette Craig , Oechsel Kelly , Carmichael Samuel , Stettler Gregory R , Avery Martin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Spontaneous rupture of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms (HAP) is a rare cause of intra-abdominal hemorrhage. Herein, we present a case of a spontaneous rupture of a nontraumatic HAP. A 61-year-old female, not on any anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications, presented with abdominal pain and hemorrhagic shock. Cross-sectional imaging revealed a left HAP with evidence of active bleeding. Emergent diagnostic angiography was performed, and angioembolization of an actively bleeding pseudoaneurysm was performed. Given the risk of rupture and high mortality rate associated with rupture, aggressive treatment of HAP should be pursued.
An unexpected case of Castleman disease in porta hepatis lymphadenopathy
Authors: Li Crystal , Hameed Ahmer , Pleass Henry 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that can be life threatening if left unmanaged in severe cases of inflammatory response. CD should be excluded by thorough workup in cases of lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly of unknown cause. Excisional biopsy of lymph nodes may be required to make a definitive diagnosis. A case of CD manifesting as portal hepatis lymphadenopathy is presented.
FIREbox: simulating galaxies at high dynamic range in a cosmological volume
Authors: Feldmann Robert , Quataert Eliot , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André , Hopkins Philip F , Çatmabacak Onur , Kereš Dušan , Bassini Luigi , Bernardini Mauro , Bullock James S , Cenci Elia , Gensior Jindra , Liang Lichen , Moreno Jorge , Wetzel Andrew 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We introduce a suite of cosmological volume simulations to study the evolution of galaxies as part of the Feedback in Realistic Environments project. FIREbox, the principal simulation of the present suite, provides a representative sample of galaxies (∼1000 galaxies with $M_{\rm star}\gt 10^8\, M_\odot$ at z = 0) at a resolution ($\Delta {}x\sim {}20\, {\rm pc}$ , $m_{\rm b}\sim {}6\times {}10^4\, M_\odot$ ) comparable to state-of-the-art galaxy zoom-in simulations. FIREbox captures the multiphase nature of the interstellar medium in a fully cosmological setting (L = 22.1 Mpc) thanks to its exceptionally high dynamic range (≳106) and the inclusion of multichannel stellar feedback. Here, we focus on validating the simulation predictions by comparing to observational data. We find that star formation rates, gas masses, and metallicities of simulated galaxies with $M_{\rm star}\lt 10^{10.5-11}\, M_\odot$ broadly agree with observations. These galaxy scaling relations extend to low masses ($M_{\rm star}\sim {}10^7\, M_\odot$ ) and follow a (broken) power-law relationship. Also reproduced are the evolution of the cosmic HI density and the HI column density distribution at z ∼ 0–5. At low z , FIREbox predicts a peak in the stellar-mass–halo-mass relation but also a higher abundance of massive galaxies and a higher cosmic star formation rate density than observed, showing that stellar feedback alone is insufficient to reproduce the properties of massive galaxies at late times. Given its high resolution and sample size, FIREbox offers a baseline prediction of galaxy formation theory in a ΛCDM Universe while also highlighting modelling challenges to be addressed in next-generation galaxy simulations.
Will ALMA reveal the true core mass function of protoclusters?
Authors: Padoan P , Pelkonen V-M , Juvela M , Haugbølle T , Nordlund Å 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Characterizing pre-stellar cores in star-forming regions is an important step towards the validation of theoretical models of star formation. Due to their sub-arcsecond resolution, ALMA observations can potentially provide samples of pre-stellar cores up to distances of a few kpc, where regions of massive star formation can be targeted. However, the extraction of real cores from dust-continuum observations of turbulent star-forming clouds is affected by complex projection effects. In this work, we study the problem of core extraction both in the idealized case of column-density maps and in the more realistic case of synthetic 1.3 mm ALMA observations. The analysis is carried out on 12 regions of high column density from our 250 pc simulation. We find that derived core masses are highly unreliable, with only a weak correlation between the masses of cores selected in the synthetic ALMA maps and those of the corresponding three-dimensional cores. The fraction of real three-dimensional cores detected in the synthetic maps increases monotonically with mass and remains always below 50 per cent. Above $\sim 1\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ , the core mass function derived from the column-density maps is steeper than that of the three-dimensional cores, while the core mass function from the synthetic ALMA maps has a slope closer to that of the real three-dimensional cores. Because of the mass uncertainties, proper guidance from realistic simulations is essential if ALMA observations of protoclusters at kpc distances are to be used to test star formation models.
Simple bulk reconstruction in anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence
Authors: Terashima Seiji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we show that bulk reconstruction in the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence is rather simple and has an intuitive picture, by showing that the HKLL (Hamilton-Kabat-Lifschytz-Lowe) bulk reconstruction formula can be simplified. We also reconstruct the wave packets in the bulk theory from the CFT primary operators. With these wave packets, we discuss the causality and duality constraints and find our picture is the only consistent one. Our picture of the bulk reconstruction can be applied to the asymptotic AdS spacetime.
Targeted Deletion of Rictor in BMSCs Reduces the Biological Activity of K7M2 Cells and Mitigates OS-Induced Bone Destruction
Authors: Lu Jinhong , Dai Dongfang , Zhang Jiacheng , Wang Rong , Miao Dengshun , Sun Weiwei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are indispensable cells constituting the bone marrow microenvironment that are generally recognized as being involved in the development and progression of osteosarcoma (OS). To explore whether mTORC2 signaling inhibition in BMSCs suppressed OS growth and tumor-caused bone destruction, 3-month-old littermates genotyped Rictorflox/flox or Prx1-cre; Rictorflox/flox (with same gender) were injected with K7M2 cells in the proximal tibia. After 40 days, bone destruction was alleviated in Prx1-cre; Rictorflox/flox mice, as observed on X-ray and micro-CT. This was accompanied by decreased serum N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (PINP) levels and reduced tumor bone formation in vivo. Interactions between K7M2 and BMSCs were studied in vitro. Rictor-deficient BMSCs, which were cultured in tumor-conditioned medium (TCM), caused reduced bone proliferation and suppressed osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, compared with the control group, K7M2 cells cultured in BCM (culture medium extracted from Rictor-deficient BMSCs) displayed less proliferation, migration, and invasion, and attenuated osteogenic activity. Forty types of cytokines were then analyzed by mouse cytokine array and decreased levels CCL2/3/5 and interleukin-16 were detected in Rictor-deficient BMSCs. These results suggested that inhibition of mTORC2 (Rictor) signaling pathway in BMSCs exerted anti-OS effects through 2 mechanisms: (1) by suppressing the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs induced by OS to alleviate bone destruction; (2) by reducing the secretion of cytokines by BMSCs, which are closely related to OS cell growth, migration, invasion, and tumorigenic osteogenesis.
Loss of LRP1 in Adult Neural Stem Cells Impairs Migration to Ischemic Lesions
Authors: Dietert Kristi , Mahesula Swetha , Hegde Sheetal , Verschelde John , Reed Pamela , Sprague Shane , Kokovay Erzsebet , Sayre Naomi L 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
After ischemia, cells in the brain parenchyma upregulate stromal derived factor 1 (SDF1), driving chemokine receptor CXCR4-mediated migration of adult neural stem cells to the ischemic injury. We discovered a novel regulator of CXCR4 in neural stem cells, low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 (LRP1). We used Nestin-driven knockout of LRP1 and induction of td-tomato in neural stem cells of adult mice. We observed reduced localization of td-tomato positive cells to the lesion, and find disrupted CXCR4-mediated neural stem cell migration in vitro, which is likely driven by LRP1-mediated loss of CXCR4 expression in vivo. Our results suggest that LRP1 is a novel regulator of CXCR4 in neural stem cells. This heretofore unknown interaction between LRP1 and CXCR4 could have significant consequences for multiple aspects of neural stem cell physiology.