bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causally inferred evidence of the impact of green and blue spaces (GBS) on maternal and neonatal health: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Khalaf Rukun K S , Akaraci Selin , Baldwin Faye D , Geary Rebecca S , Kolamunnage-Dona Ruwanthi , Hunter Ruth F , Rodgers Sarah E 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The benefits of green and blue space (GBS) exposure on improving public health are accepted by a range of stakeholders, including policy makers. Extensive GBS research into health supports the theory that GBS promotes physical activity and has mental restorative and environmental mitigative properties. Studies exploring the impact of GBS exposure on maternal, prenatal, and/or neonatal health have mainly utilised cross-sectional methods. This does not allow for causal inference. Thus, our systematic review aimed to analyse the evidence of the impact of GBS on maternal, prenatal, and/or neonatal health. Our study adhered to PRISMA guidelines. We searched seven online databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Embase, Environment Complete, and Maternity & Infant Care Database) and excluded cross-sectional studies without mediation analysis. Our risk of bias assessment framework was adapted from the ROBINS-E tool. We conducted narrative syntheses of studies examining maternal, prenatal, and/or neonatal outcomes. We carried out meta-analyses using random effects models for five birth outcomes (i.e. birthweight, low birthweight (LBW), gestational age, pre-term birth (PTB), and small-for-gestational-age (SGA)). Studies found to be high risk of bias, or very high risk of bias were excluded from our analyses. Initial searches yielded 1099 articles. Following full text screening, our review included 62 studies. Most studies were conducted in either Europe or North America (n = 41, 66%). All studies reported green space exposure as an independent variable while seven studies also included blue space exposure as an independent variable. The most reported green space variable was the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) (n = 46, 74%). Our meta-analyses results indicated that greater greenness is protective against LBW (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.98, p = 0.002), SGA (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.99, p = 0.01), PTB (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88–0.97, p = 0.001), and affects birthweight (β = 13.02 g, 95% CI: 9.99–16.05, p < 0.0001).
Electromagnetics of Superconductor/Paramagnet Heterostructures
Authors: Genenko Yuri , Rauh Hermann 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Redistribution of the transport current in a superconductor affected by paramagnetic shields provides a possibility of strongly overcritical states and a drastic reduction of AC losses in thin superconductor films and tubes. Such superconductors subject to para- or diamagnetic shielding are studied by means of the potential theory and the critical state model when carrying a transport current or exposed to an external magnetic field. Analytical results are obtained for a number of shielding geometries and confirmed by numerical solutions. It is shown that using magnetostatic-electrostatic analogies allows consideration of paramagnetic shielding configurations of arbitrary shapes and magnetic permeabilities by means of common finite-element solvers to enhance the dissipation-free transport currents in superconductors and reduce AC losses in them. Furthermore, using the generalized London theory, the penetration of magnetic flux into magnetically shielded bulk superconductors is studied and the enhancement of the Bean-Livingston barrier is established.
UN Peacekeeping, Democracy, and Authoritarianism
Authors: von Billerbeck Sarah , Gippert Birte Julia , Oksamytna Kseniya , Tansey Oisín 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In Chapter 2, we present our theoretical argument in depth. We begin by providing a detailed examination of the United Nations (UN)’s complex and evolving relationship with democracy and authoritarianism, in particular in relation to its conflict management and peacekeeping activities. We engage with scholarship on the impact of UN peacekeeping on domestic-level politics, and we show how it has focused on the effects of peacekeeping on democracy, largely treating authoritarianism as a residual category and simply as the opposite of democracy, rather than a political system in its own right. Having identified this gap in the literature, we then introduce the concept of enabling and outline the two mechanisms through which enabling works: capacity-building and signaling. We then explore the sources of enabling, identifying the trade-offs and contradictions in peacekeeping that give rise to these two mechanisms.
Acquiesce for Success: UNTAC in Cambodia
Authors: von Billerbeck Sarah , Gippert Birte Julia , Oksamytna Kseniya , Tansey Oisín 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chapter 3 examines the UN Transitional Administration in Cambodia (UNTAC). UNTAC was one of the first large post-Cold War multidimensional peacekeeping missions and included a significant commitment to democratic development through the organization of free and fair elections. The mission faced considerable challenges, not least from the de facto ruling authorities (led by long-time Cambodian leader Hun Sen) who sought to frustrate the democratic process and engage in a variety of authoritarian behaviors to maintain their dominant power structures. The mission struggled to respond forcefully, and when faced with competing pressures often prioritized stability and good working relations with the host authorities over criticism and confrontation. While the mission played a central role in organizing the elections, its approach to the pre- and post-election periods clearly signaled a permissive environment for authoritarian behavior.
Ranked Choice Voting and Election Reform
Authors: Endersby James W , Towle Michael J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A brief discussion of single-member districts with plurality elections introduces ranked choice voting (RCV) through objections to plurality elections. Hypothetical and empirical political examples of RCV are presented, along with applications for other, nonpolitical decision-making situations such as Academy Award nominations. Seven goals, presented by proponents of RCV, are majoritarianism, an efficient runoff without change in the electorate’s composition, increased voter turnout and decreased propensity of wasted votes, incentives for voters to offer their sincere preferences, the representation of marginalized interests, improved civility of campaigns and corresponding democratic satisfaction, and (for single transferable vote only) proportional representation. Six challenges frequently raised in opposition are the intense information demands on voters, mathematical problems with tabulation of election tabulation, the potential to select a less satisfactory consensus candidate, the potential differences between runoff election and RCV outcomes, the priorities placed on preferences of extremist voters, and the lack of transparency of elections.
Provided and received positive and negative social control, relationship satisfaction, and sedentary behavior in parent-child dyads
Authors: Siwa Maria , Banik Anna , Szczuka Zofia , Kulis Ewa , Boberska Monika , Wietrzykowska Dominika , Knoll Nina , DeLongis Anita , Knäuper Bärbel , Luszczynska Aleksandra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The close relationship processes and health model and the dyadic health influence model posit that relationship beliefs (eg, relationship satisfaction) and influence strategies (eg, provision and receipt of positive and negative social control) mediate health behavior change. However, evidence for such mediation in parent-child dyads is limited.

Purpose
Two complementary mediation hypotheses were tested: (1) social control forms indirect relationships with sedentary behavior (SB), via relationship satisfaction acting as a mediator; and (2) relationship satisfaction forms indirect relationships with SB, with social control operating as a mediator.

Methods
Data from 247 parent-child dyads (9- to 15-year-old children) were analyzed using manifest mediation models. SB was measured with GT3X-BT accelerometers at Time 1 (T1; baseline) and Time 3 (T3; 8-month follow-up). Relationship satisfaction and social control were assessed at T1 and Time 2 (T2; 2-month follow-up). Path analysis models, controlling for baseline SB, were fit.

Results
Received positive control (children, T1) was associated with higher relationship satisfaction in both children and parents (T2), which in turn were related to lower and higher parental SB at T3, respectively. Provided positive control (parents; T1) was related to higher SB (T3) in children. Relationship satisfaction among children (T1) predicted higher levels of received positive and negative control (children, T2).

Conclusions
Provided and received positive social control may form direct and indirect associations with SB in parent-child dyads. Future research may need to consider further subtypes of positive control, which may explain the divergent effects of this form of control on SB.
Physical Intimate Partner Violence Among Women Experiencing Homelessness Before and During Pregnancy
Authors: Sakai-Bizmark Rie , Gemmill Allison , Kumamaru Hiraku , Marr Emily H , Estevez Dennys , Wu Frank , Henwood Benjamin F 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) and homelessness can have devastating health consequences for pregnant women. Using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, we assessed differences in the association of physical IPV before and/or during pregnancy with adverse health outcomes between women experiencing homelessness (WEH) and domiciled women. Among 186,891 respondents, representing an estimated 11,489,161 women, 27.1% and 3.4% of WEH and domiciled women, respectively, reported experiencing physical IPV. Physical IPV was associated with higher odds of having postpartum depression and preterm birth and lower odds of having a postpartum checkup among domiciled women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.62 – 2.08 for postpartum depression, aOR 1.29, 95%CI 1.08 – 1.53 for preterm birth, and aOR 0.56, 95%CI 0.49 -0.64 for postpartum checkup). The differences in these outcomes between women who experienced physical IPV and those who did not were smaller among WEH, as indicated by aORs of interaction terms (aOR 0.74, 95%CI 0.58 – 0.94 for postpartum depression, aOR 0.68, 95%CI 0.49 – 0.93 for preterm birth, and aOR 1.32, 95%CI 1.01 – 1.74 for postpartum checkup). Further research is needed to identify factors that may offer WEH a protective effect against the negative impacts of IPV.
scGO: interpretable deep neural network for cell status annotation and disease diagnosis
Authors: Wu You , Xu Pengfei , Wang Liyuan , Liu Shuai , Hou Yingnan , Lu Hui , Hu Peng , Li Xiaofei , Yu Xiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Machine learning has emerged as a transformative tool for elucidating cellular heterogeneity in single-cell RNA sequencing. However, a significant challenge lies in the “black box” nature of deep learning models, which obscures the decision-making process and limits interpretability in cell status annotation. In this study, we introduced scGO, a Gene Ontology (GO)–inspired deep learning framework designed to provide interpretable cell status annotation for scRNA-seq data. scGO employs sparse neural networks to leverage the intrinsic biological relationships among genes, transcription factors, and GO terms, significantly augmenting interpretability and reducing computational cost. scGO outperforms state-of-the-art methods in the precise characterization of cell subtypes across diverse datasets. Our extensive experimentation across a spectrum of scRNA-seq datasets underscored the remarkable efficacy of scGO in disease diagnosis, prediction of developmental stages, and evaluation of disease severity and cellular senescence status. Furthermore, we incorporated in silico individual gene manipulations into the scGO model, introducing an additional layer for discovering therapeutic targets. Our results provide an interpretable model for accurately annotating cell status, capturing latent biological knowledge, and informing clinical practice.
Identification of a candidate sex determination region and sex-specific molecular markers based on whole-genome re‑sequencing in the sea star Asterias amurensis
Authors: Wang Yanlin , Yang Hongliang , Wang Yixin , Li Yulong , Ni Gang , Cummins Scott F , Chen Muyan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sex determination systems are diverse in echinoderms, however, our understanding is still very limited in this research field, especially for Asteroidea species. The northern Pacific seastar, Asterias amurensis, has attracted widespread concern due to its population outbreaks and high-risk invasions. Using whole-genome re-sequencing data from 40 females and 40 males, we identified a candidate sex determination region in A. amurensis. Based on the distribution characteristics of 525 sex-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms, identified by GWAS analysis, 119 sex-specific loci were isolated combining a custom Perl script, PCA analysis, and the selection signatures of fixation index FST, suggesting that a 7-12 Mb region on chromosome 10 is a candidate sex-determining region. The existence of female-specific sequences and the genotypes of sex-specific loci indicated that A. amurensis might utilize a ZZ/ZW sex-determination system. We also developed two pairs of sex-specific primers that could distinguish the genetic sex of this starfish with 100% accuracy. As the first study on sex determination in Asteroidea, it will provide novel insights into diverse sex determination systems in echinoderms and allow for in-depth studies on sex-related eco-physiological issues in A. amurensis.
A two sample size estimator for large data sets
Authors: O’Connell Martin , Smith Howard , Thomassen Øyvind 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In GMM estimators, moment conditions with additive error terms involve an observed component and a predicted component. If the predicted component is computationally costly to evaluate, it may not be feasible to estimate the model with all the available data. We propose a simple two sample size “large-small” estimator that uses the full data set for the computationally cheap observed component, but a reduced sample size for the predicted component. We derive a practical criterion for when the large-small estimator has a lower variance than standard GMM with the reduced sample size. As an alternative, we show how the asymptotically efficient CEP-GMM estimator of Chen et al. (2005) and Chen et al. (2008) can also be used to reduce computational cost in our setting. We compare the performance of the estimators in a Monte Carlo study of a panel-data random coefficients logit model, and illustrate the use of our estimator in an empirical application to alcohol demand.
Effects of climate and soil variables on a simultaneous crown radius model system: a case study for Korean pine plantations in Northeast China
Authors: Yan Yunfei , Tian Dongyuan , Zhang Zipeng , Gaire Damodar , Jiang Lichun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Crown radius (CR) and crown width are fundamental indicators used to describe tree crown sizes and are widely included as predictors in growth and yield models. Crown width is the arithmetic average of two perpendicular diameters to each other, obtained from measurements of four crown radii: east, south, west, and north. Climate change and soil variations influence the physiological activities of trees, thereby impacting tree crown development. However, most CR studies do not quantify the impact of climate and soil factors on CR. In this study, we developed a nonlinear mixed-effects simultaneous CR model system to address the above problems. This study used 7188 trees from 98 plantation plots of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) in northeast China. The results showed that climate (extreme temperature and precipitation) and soil (total nitrogen) variables improved the model performance of the simultaneous CR model system. The CR of large-sized trees was more sensitive to climate and soil variables as compared to smaller trees. Incorporating plot-level random effects into the nonlinear mixed-effects simultaneous CR model system improved both the fitting accuracy and predictive performance of CR and crown width. Our results provide new insights into the environmental variability of crown sizes in planted forests and suggest that integrating environmental factors in CR modeling can improve CR model results. These findings may become relevant for improving forest management strategies under changing climate conditions.
Exploring the Potential Effect of GLP1R Agonism on Common Ageing-Related Diseases via Glucose Reduction: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Jiang Wei , Ding Kaixi , Yang Maoyi , Hu Zhipeng , Yue Rensong 
Published: January 2025

Abstracts

Background
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) are widely used in manageing type 2 diabetes mellitus and weight control. Their potential in treating ageing-related diseases has been gaining attention in recent years. However, the long-term effects of GLP1RAs on these diseases have yet to be fully revealed.

Methods
Using genetic variant in the GLP1R gene to model the long-term effects of GLP1RAs, this Mendelian randomization (MR) study systematically explored potential causal associations between GLP1R agonism and 12 ageing-related diseases and indicators. Genetic summary datasets used in this study were obtained from previous genome-wide association studies.

Results
The primary MR analysis results suggested that GLP1R agonism was potentially positively causally associated with appendicular lean mass (Beta = 0.246, 95% CI = 0.096 - 0.396), whole body fat-free mass (Beta = 0.202, 95% CI = 0.048 - 0.355), and lung function (FVC) (Beta = 0.179, 95% CI = 0.152 - 0.205) (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, a potential negative causal association was observed with myocardial infarction (OR = 0.430, 95% CI = 0.249 - 0.745) (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
The present MR study provides exploratory evidence suggesting potential causal associations between GLP1R agonism and appendicular lean mass, whole-body fat-free mass, lung function (FVC), and myocardial infarction. Given the exploratory nature of these findings and the limitations of the MR methodology, further research is needed to validate these results and investigate the underlying biological mechanisms.
Gaussian curvature of the slowness surface in vicinity of singularity point in anisotropic media
Authors: Stovas Alexey , Roganov Yuriy , Roganov Vyacheslav 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARY
By using the Taylor series of Christoffel polynomial, we analyse the Gaussian curvature of the slowness surface in vicinity of the double (S1S2) and triple (PS1S2) singularity point for triclinic anisotropy model. For each point, we consider all type of degeneracy classes. The parabolic lines (zero Gaussian curvature) associated with the singularity points are defined for double and triple singularity point. It is shown the symmetry of anisotropic model results in the specific class of degeneracy for a given singularity point.
Rapid identification of organogelator types in oleogel using a near-infrared spectroscopy-based SIMCA model
Authors: Ayvaz Hüseyin , Albayrak Elif , Öğütcü Mustafa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research explores the potential of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy together with Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA), a chemometric approach, to promptly identify gelators in oleogels. Formulations of oleogels involved using diverse gelators such as beeswax, carnauba wax, shellac wax, sunflower wax, monoglycerides, and laurel oil as the oil component. Texture analysis, polarized light microscopy (PLM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to assess the structural characteristics of the oleogels. These methods unveiled notable differences in the firmness, stickiness, crystalline structure, and crystallinity index based on the type of gelator utilized. Thermal characteristics were evaluated via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), revealing weight loss ratios and thermal stability changes among the various formulations. The chemometric analysis of NIR spectra led to apparent discriminations among oleogels, demonstrating each gelator’s unique structural and thermal characteristics. The SIMCA analysis revealed high classification accuracy, indicating that the technique could be used for quality control and product authentication in the food and cosmetic industries. This study highlights the significance of NIR spectroscopy for analyzing and monitoring oleogel formulations, highlighting its non-destructive, fast, and environmentally friendly nature.
Exploring the transformative effects of solid-state fermentation on the structure, texture, and metabolism of oat-based dough
Authors: Sun Juan , AL-Ansi Waleed , Lu Lu , Gu Yao , Fan Mingcong , Li Yan , Qian Haifeng , Fan Liuping , Wang Li 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines the impact of mixed strains solid-state fermentation on the properties of oat flour dough. Specifically, it focuses on the changes in rheological, thermomechanical, structural, and metabolic characteristics. By utilising Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, notable alterations in the viscoelastic properties of the dough were found. Fermentation improved both the storage and loss moduli, indicating a shift towards a more solid-like behaviour. Thermomechanical investigation using Mixolab revealed a higher water absorption rate of 95.25% compared to the control’s 73%, indicating superior hydration dynamics. The X-ray diffraction examination demonstrated a decrease in the degree of crystallinity. However, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectroscopy suggested a 15% rise in the proportion of β-sheet structure, implying a more organised protein shape. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance revealed enhanced water mobility in fermented dough. A total of 354 metabolites were discovered using metabolomic analysis, showing significant variations in carbohydrate (24.32%), lipid (24.32%), peptide (8.11%), and organic acid (10.81%) profiles. Analysis using the KEGG pathway identified interconnected metabolic networks, with a particular emphasis on glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and amino acid metabolism. This study emphasises the capacity of solid-state fermentation to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of oat-based dough, offering useful knowledge for food innovation and the creation of better, environmentally friendly food choices.
Impact of fish myofibrillar protein and apple pectin–konjac glucomannan on the physical, thermal, and micro-structural properties of biodegradable blend film
Authors: Singh Nongthongbam Sureshchandra , Nath Harjeet , Mehta Naresh Kumar , Pati Bikash Kumar , Vaishnav Anand , Waikhom Gusheinzed , Parhi Janmejay , Priyadarshini Mocherla Bhargavi , Desai Ajay Shivajirao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The present study aims to develop a biodegradable film using apple pectin (AP), konjac glucomannan (KG), and different concentrations (1%–4% w/v) of fish myofibrillar protein (FMP). The results revealed a concomitant increase in thickness with FMP levels in apple pectin–konjac glucomannan film-forming solution and a reduced visible and UV light transmittance to below 60%. Disappearance of myosin heavy chain bands was noticed in FMP-added films. The different wavenumbers of Fourier transform infra red spectra suggest the interaction ofprotein and polysaccharide components. The third endothermic peaks represent cross-links of polysaccharide and protein chains. The residual weights at the end of the second stage without FMP were 37.51% and with FMP ranged between 47% and 72%, respectively, suggesting lower mass loss and increased thermal stability. Scanning electron miscroscopy images indicated a decline in surface homogeneity with FMP content. The biodegradable films with enhanced light/UV barrier properties and thermal properties can be prepared utilising optimised levels of FMP.