bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Julius Caesar: The Gallic War Books V-VI
Authors: Gerrish Jennifer 
Published: January 2023

Books V-VI of Julius Caesar’s The Gallic War narrate Caesar’s campaigns in Britain, Gaul, and Germany in 55 and 54 BCE. His political rival Pompey was at the height of his popularity in Rome, making it all the more incumbent upon Caesar to deliver exciting news of victories. Book V should have been the tale of triumphant conquest in Britain, but Caesar’s campaign was underwhelming; Caesar the politician and general thus needed assistance from Caesar the author. In Books V and VI Caesar masterfully compensates for the lacklustre British campaign with a dramatic account of his forceful suppression of Ambiorix’s revolt and new incursions into Germany; the narrative is further enlivened with speeches and digressions on the Britons, Germans, and the wonders of the Hercynian Forest. The inclusion of introduction, full Latin text, translation and commentary in one book makes this volume ideal for undergraduate or graduate teaching in courses on Roman history, ancient historiography, or Latin language at the intermediate or advanced level.
Polar Circumtriple Planets and Disks Can Only Form Close to a Triple Star
Authors: Lepp Stephen , Martin Rebecca G. , Lubow Stephen H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Observations of protoplanetary disks around binary and triple star systems suggest that misalignments between the orbital plane of the stars and the disks are common. Motivated by recent observations of polar circumbinary disks, we explore the possibility of polar circumtriple disks and therefore polar circumtriple planets that could form in such a disk. With n-body simulations and analytic methods, we find that the inclusion of a third star, and the associated apsidal precession, significantly reduces the radial range of polar orbits so that circumtriple polar disks and planets can only be found close to the stellar system. Outside of a critical radius that is typically in the range of 3–10 times the outer binary separation, depending upon the binary parameters, the orbits behave the same as they do around a circular orbit binary. For some observed systems that have shorter-period inner binaries, the critical radius is considerably larger. If polar circumtriple planets can form, we suggest that it is likely that they form in a disk that was subject to breaking.
Incorrect Spelling of Author Name
Authors: Publisher The 
Published: January 2023

In the Article titled “Robotic resection of mediastinal left vagus neurofibroma” published on June 12, 2022, in the Early Access issue of Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, an author name was misspelled. In the byline, the fifth author, “Sergio Nicola Fortiparri” should have been “Sergio Nicola Forti Parri.” This article was corrected online.

Reference

Brandolini J, Ambrosi F, Bertoglio P, et al. Robotic resection of mediastinal left vagus neurofibroma. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2023;93:2248. https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2022.2248
Comparison of Sampling Procedures for the Molecular Diagnosis of Leishmaniases
Authors: Andrade Zampieri Ricardo , Ide Aoki Juliana , Müller Karl Erik , Jon Shaw Jeffrey , Maria Floeter-Winter Lucile 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT.
The present work evaluates sampling protocols, storage procedures, and DNA purification methods for Leishmania spp. detection and quantification in different biological samples. The efficiency of three preservation solutions, a phosphate buffer solution, an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) buffer solution, and 70% ethanol, was compared in combination with three DNA extraction protocols: a commercial silica column kit, salting-out protein precipitation, and organic extraction with phenol-chloroform. Tissue samples from BALB/c mice experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, or Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum were stored in the three preservation solutions and subsequently subjected to the three different DNA extraction methods. The extracted DNA was then used in real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for the detection and quantification of parasite ribosomal small subunit DNA targets as well as mammalian glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) targets. The results of the optimized protocols showed that the DNA extraction method did not influence test quality, but DNA from samples preserved with the EDTA buffer solution produced higher amounts of target amplicons. Based on these results, we concluded that samples from suspected cases of leishmaniasis for submission to molecular diagnostic procedures should be preferentially preserved in EDTA, followed by any one of the DNA purification methods evaluated.
Comparative Analytical Study of Madana Shalatu (Unripen Fruit of Randia Dumetorum Lam) and Phalapippali (Processed Fruits of Randia Dumetorum Lam) - A Study of Abhava Pratinidhi Dravya
Authors: Sunitha M P  , Nischal P  
Published: January 2023

Vamana is the Agrya karma for Kaphaja vikaras. Madanaphala - Randia dumetorum Lam is the drug of choice for Vamana karma because of its property – Anapayitwat (without untoward effect). Specific collection method, season and processing is required to get Phalapippali to possess above quality. Madana shalatu– Unripen fruits of Madanaphala is an Abhavapratinidhi dravya mentioned in Sushrutha Samhita and Ashtanga Hrudaya which does not require this processing- Samskara. So, in the present study comparative qualitative and quantitative physicochemical and phytochemical analysis of the Madana Shalatu, Pakwa Madanaphala Ripen fruit of Madanaphala and Madanaphala Pippali– Processed fruits of Madanaphala has been carried out. Aim: 1. Pharmacognostic, Physicochemical and Phytochemical analysis of Madana Shalatu, Pakwa Madanaphala, Madanaphala Pippali. 2. Comparative qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Madana Shalatu, Pakwa Madanaphala, Madanaphala Pippali. Method: 1. Pharmacognostic study – Macroscopic study and Microscopic study. 2. Preliminary physico chemical analysis. 3. Qualitative phyto chemical evaluation of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the test drugs. 4. Quantitative analysis– UV Spectrophotometry. Result: Microscopic study, qualitative phyto chemical evaluation of all test drugs did not showed much differences. In total saponin estimation by UV Spectrophotometry of methanol and Water extract of ripen processed fruits of Randia, Ripen fruits of Randia and Unripen fruits of Randia is found to contain 73.71, 83.23, 71.35 and 72.62, 92.44, 75.25µg DE/mL of Saponin content respectively. Conclusion: Quantity of Saponin which is the main active principle in Randia Dumetorum responsible for Vamana Karma was similar in the Madana Shalatu and in Phala Pippali, whereas it was highest in Pakwa Madanaphala, thus it may be used like Phala Pippali without any laborious process of Samskara. Further Toxicity studies and clinical trials are required to prove its safety and efficacy in humans.
MENUJU DESA KOMUNIKATIF MELALUI KELOMPOK INFORMASI MASYARAKAT (KIM)
Authors: Ade Chandra  
Published: January 2023

Masyarakat pedesaan saat ini menghadapi serbuan informasi akibat kemajuan teknologi komunikasi di tengah upaya mencapai kesejahteraan. Tak sedikit program yang dilakukan,. Tetapi masyarakat masih belum menjadi lebih kuat. Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat (KIM) sebagai metamorfosis dari era developmentalis bisa menjadi pranata sosial dengan mengusung pengetahuan, nilai, dan ideologi desa. Tulisan ini ingin melihat sejauh mana peran KIM dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat di Kapanewon Depok Kabupaten Sleman Provinsi Yogyakarta, mulai dari sosialisasi KIM oleh instansi terkait, pengorganisasian, dan cara kerja KIM yang mampu menjadi ruang komunikasi sosial bagi masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui FGD tokoh masyarakat dan pengurus KIM, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. KIM di Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Temuan lapangan menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan KIM masih sebatas program teknis “proyek” yang dirumuskan dari supra desa yang tak sesuai dengan denyut nadi warga. Ruang KIM belum ditempatkan pada upaya mengkonsolidasikan kepentingan dan potensi lokal desa, menjadi jembatan transformasi kolektif dengan sasaran utama kemakmuran masyarakat desa berdasarkan potensi sosial budaya dan lingkungan setempat. Desa Komunikatif melalui KIM berarti membangun desa dari “belakang” dengan denyut menyuntikkan informasi relevan dengan permasalahan warga, saling mendiskusikan solusi akternatifnya, kemudian menyelenggarakan agenda tindak lanjut melalui kerja sosial kelembagaan yang kuat dan semangat budaya secara kolektif desa.
ANTALYA KARATAY MEDRESESİ TAÇKAPISI RESTİTÜSYON ÖNERİSİ
Authors: BULUT Mustafa 
Published: January 2023

Anadolu Selçuklu yapılarının günümüze kadar olan süreçte çok sayıda tahribata uğradığı ve restore edildiği söylenebilir. Bu yapılarda süslemelerin yoğunlaştığı bölümler olan taçkapılar da bu tahribatlardan büyük ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Taçkapıların, özellikle kavsara kemeri üzerindeki bölümlerinin yıkıldığı ve zeminden itibaren ilk birkaç metre yükseklikteki bölümlerin de oldukça tahrip olduğu görülmektedir. Alt bölümlerde kaideler, süsleme başlangıç noktaları, bezeme kuşaklarının veya silmelerin nihayetlenmesi bazı bilinmezlikleri beraberinde getirmektedir. Yıkılan ve günümüzde bazı taçkapılarda tamamlanmış olan kavsara kemeri üzerindeki bölümler de aynı şekilde; bazı süslemelerde bordürlerin üst bölümde ne şekilde işlendiği, birleşimlerin nasıl gerçekleştiği ve taçkapı yan kanatlarıyla üst bölümün benzerliğinin ne ölçüde olduğu bilinmemektedir.
Özellikle bazı onikigen ve altıgen açılara sahip kompozisyonlarla beşgen-ongen kompozisyonların taçkapı üst bölümünde, yan kanatlarda kullanıldığı şekliyle verilmediği, bordür ölçülerinin veya kompozisyon sınırlarının değiştiği görülmektedir. Taçkapı kanatlarındaki tek eksenli kompozisyonların üst bölümle ve taçkapı ekseninde birleşmesi ise bazı durumlarda farklı çözümlemelere gidilmesini gerektirmiştir. Tüm bu farklılıkları belirleyen kompozisyonun açısal özellikleri ve ölçeğidir.
Taçkapılarda kullanılan kompozisyonların açısal özelliklerinin ve eksen özelliklerinin belirlenmesiyle bahse konu olan sorunlara dair seçeneklerin azaltıldığı çözüm önerileri sunulabilmektedir. Kompozisyon özellikleri ve diğer yapılarda karşılaşılan benzer süslemelerin kullanım şekillerinden hareketle kapının restitüsyon denemesi hazırlanmıştır. Buna göre; taçkapının ana bordüründeki kompozisyonun üst bölümde bordür sınırlarından kesildiği, kaide bölümünde de birinci bordür üzerindeki kompozisyonun devam ettiği anlaşılmıştır. Bu analizlerin yapılmasında kullanılan araştırma yöntemlerinden birisi de Total Station kullanılarak yerinde ölçüleri alınan taçkapının bilgisayar destekli programla çizilmesiyle oluşmuştur. Sahadan ve kaynaklardan elde edilen verilerin karşılaştırılması sonucunda Antalya Karatay Medresesi taçkapısının özgün hallerine yönelik veriler ve yapılacak restorasyonlarını destekleyecek nitelikli çizimler literatüre kazandırılmıştır.
YENİDEN AMAÇLANDIRMA BAĞLAMINDA II.DÜNYA SAVAŞI DÖNEMİNDE GİYSİ VE AKSESUAR ÜRETİMİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: GÜNBULUT Ahsen 
Published: January 2023

Bu araştırmanın temel tartışmasını II. Dünya savaşının getirdiği yokluğun, moda endüstrisi çerçevesinde tasarım ve üretim biçimleri üzerindeki geniş çaplı etkisi oluşturmaktadır. II. Dünya Savaşı dönemi giysi tasarımı ve üretimi ile ilgili bilgilerle sınırlandırılan araştırmada kavramsal çerçeve için konu ile ilgili literatür taraması yapılarak çalışmada tanımlar ve açıklamalar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca konu ile ilgili bilgiler, başta Amerika ve İngiltere’de olmak üzere “II. Dünya Savaşı Müzeleri”nde yer alan farklı malzemelerin yeniden amaçlandırılmasıyla oluşan giysi örnekleri üzerinden sunulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonucunda yeniden amaçlandırma yönteminin uygulandığı dönemlerin daha çok ülkelerin sosyo-ekonomik sıkıntıların olduğu süreçlerde ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. II. Dünya savaşı dönemi giysi ve aksesuar üretimlerine bakıldığında yeniden amaçlandırmanın iki yöntem üzerinden ilerlediği gözlemlenmiştir. Yeniden amaçlandırmada ilk yöntem olarak savaş döneminde kullanıcılar ellerinde var olan farklı malzemeleri yaratıcı biçimlerde giysi ve aksesuara dönüştürmüşlerdir. Diğer yöntemde ise üreticiler ve tasarımcılar, savaş ortamında ortaya çıkan sorunlara çözüm olarak var olan nesneleri bir nevi bağlamından kopararak formlarını ve kullanım işlevlerini savaşa yönelik yeniden amaçlandırmışlardır.
Günümüzde de sürdürülebilirlik bağlamında giysi üretimi üzerinde etkisini devam ettiren yeniden amaçlandırma yöntemi, atıl duruma gelen giysilerin değer kazandırılarak yeniden kullanıma girmesini sağlamakta böylece büyük ölçüde depolama alanı ihtiyacını azaltmaktadır. Yeniden amaçlandırmanın bir yaşam biçimi haline gelebilmesi için tasarımcıların ve kullanıcıların giysilerin yaşam sürelerini uzatılabilmesi, sürenin sonunda yeni bir amaç için dönüştürülebilmesi konusunda bilinçlendirilmelidir. Bu nedenle yeniden amaçlandırma yöntemi üzerine yapılacak çalışmaların, bilimsel ve akademik alanda araştırmacı, tasarımcı ve tasarım öğrencileri için ilham kaynağı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Analisis Pola Kemitraan Dan Sistem Bagi Hasil Usaha Ternak Ayam Ras Pedaging Di Desa Keude Mane Kecamatan Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara (Studi Kasus Peternakan Bapak Zakiun dengan PT. Charoen Pokphand)
Authors: Nauratudini Nauratudini 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Keude Mane Kecamatan Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara pada peternakan ayam ras pedaging Bapak Zakiun, yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola kemitraan dan sistem bagi hasil usaha ternak ayam ras pedaging Bapak Zakiun dengan PT. Charoen Pokphand di Desa Keude Mane Kecamatan Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan rumus analisis total biaya, penerimaan, keuntungan dan analisis pola kemitraan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa total biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk menjalankan usaha budidaya ayam ras pedaging yaitu sebesar Rp. 154.587.125,-/periode produksi, dan total penerimaan yang diperoleh dari hasil penjualan (total panen) adalah sebesar Rp. 164.587.500,-/periode produksi, sedangkan total penerimaan yang diperoleh peternak setelah dikurangi biaya sapronak adalah sebesar Rp. 21.687.500,-/periode produksi, dengan kata lain penerimaan yang diperoleh Bapak Zakiun selaku peternak mitra adalah sebesar 13,18% dari total penerimaan (hasil panen). Dari hasil analisis juga diketahui bahwa total keuntungan yang diperoleh peternak setelah dikurangi biaya penyusutan kandang, pekerja dan biaya lain-lain adalah sebesar Rp. 9.987.875,-/periode produksi, dengan kata lain keuntungan yang diperoleh Bapak Zakiun selaku peternak mitra adalah sebesar 6,07% dari total penerimaan (hasil panen).
Kata Kunci: Analisis Pola Kemitraan, Usaha Ternak Ayam Ras Pedaging
Strategi Pemasaran Bumbu Masak ud. Gunong Salju di Desa Ulee Tutu Raya Kecamatan Delima Kabupaten Pidie
Authors: Fitri Hasni 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Ulee Tutu Raya Kecamatan Delima Kabupaten Pidie pada bulan Juni 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman, serta menyusun strategi pemasaran bumbu masak di Desa Ulee Tutu Raya Kecamatan Delima Kabupaten Pidie. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk memberikan gambaran umum tentang data yang diperoleh. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan analisis SWOT. Dari hasil analisis faktor internal dapat diidentifikasi bahwa kekuatan utamanya adalah merek produk sudah dikenal, sedangkan kelemahan utama adalah kapasitas produksi terbatas. Hasil analisis faktor eksternal, dapat diidentifikasikan peluang utama adalah permintaan konsumen meningkat dan ancaman utama adalah naiknya harga bahan baku. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT alternatif strategi yang sesuai untuk melakukan pemasaran Bumbu Masak Kering di Desa Ulee Tutu Raya Kecamatan Delima Kabupaten Pidie adalah menggunakan strategi growth oriented yang mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif yaitu dengan cara memenuhi permintaan konsumen yang meningkat dengan tetap menjaga kualitas produk agar merek produk semakin dikenal dan memanfaatkan jasa mitra usaha untuk memperoleh bahan baku dan memasarkan produk agar kegiatan produksi dapat terus dilakukan secara kontinyu.
Kata kunci : Strategi Pemasaran, Bumbu Masak Kering.
Pengaruh Pemberian Bio Urine Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Authors: Bukhari Bukhari 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Bio Urine terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Meunasah Cut Kecamatan Peudada Kabupaten Bireuen yang dimulai dari bulan Mei sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2018. Rancangan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial yang terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan pemberian Bio Urine (B) yaitu : B0 = Tanpa pemberian (kontrol), B1 = Bio urine 60 ml/ L air, B2 = Bio urine 100 ml/ L air. Pengamatan yang diamati dalam penelitian ini meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, berat tongkol berkelobot, berat tongkol tanpa kelobot, panjang tongkil dan berat 1000 butir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian Bio Urine berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 15 dan 45 HST, diameter batang umur 15 dan 30 HST, jumlah daun 30 dan 45 HST, berat tongkol berkelobot, berat tongkol tanpa kelobot, panjang tongkol dan jumlah baris per tongkol tanaman jagung manis. Perlakuan terbaik dijumpai pada konsentrasi Bio Urine 100 ml/l air (B2). Abstrak dibuat dalam dua bahasa, bahasa Indonesia dan Inggris.
Kata Kunci: Bio Urine, Konsentrasi, Jagung Manis
Meatpacking America
Authors: Nabhan-Warren Kristy 
Published: January 2023

Whether valorized as the heartland or derided as flyover country, the Midwest became instantly notorious when COVID-19 infections skyrocketed among workers in meatpacking plants—and Americans feared for their meat supply. But the Midwest is not simply the place where animals are fed corn and then butchered. Native midwesterner Kristy Nabhan-Warren spent years interviewing Iowans who work in the meatpacking industry, both native-born residents and recent migrants from Latin America, Africa, and Asia. In Meatpacking America, she digs deep below the stereotype and reveals the grit and grace of a heartland that is a major global hub of migration and food production—and also, it turns out, of religion.
Across the flatlands, Protestants, Catholics, and Muslims share space every day as worshippers, employees, and employers. On the bloody floors of meatpacking plants, in bustling places of worship, and in modest family homes, longtime and newly arrived Iowans spoke to Nabhan-Warren about their passion for religious faith and desire to work hard for their families. Their stories expose how faith-based aspirations for mutual understanding blend uneasily with rampant economic exploitation and racial biases. Still, these new and old midwesterners say that a mutual language of faith and morals brings them together more than any of them would have ever expected.
The Folktale Narrator at the Turn of the 20th – 21st Century: the Case of Antanina Čaplikienė from Subartonys
Authors: Šlekonytė Jūratė 
Published: January 2023

In the course of the fieldwork in 2000, researchers from the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore encountered a villager from Subartonys (Varėna district) Antanina Glaniauskaitė-Čaplikienė (1922–2016). In the course of five subsequent years, they recorded from her 140 folk narratives altogether (including 69 folktales, 9 folk-belief legends, 3 place legends, 6 dream narratives, 40 biographical narratives, and several anecdotes). The major part of the Čaplikienė’s repertoire consisted of folktales that were rather well known in the Lithuanian culture, including a number of narratives typical for the Dzūkija region. The author is curious about the ways that Čaplikienė managed to preserve such a vivid folkloric memory. In order to elucidate this, she uses the branch of the contextual research on storytelling developed by the Hungarian folklorist Linda Dégh – namely, the folktale biology (Märchenbiology). The study focuses on these aspects: 1) in view of the Dzūkija folklore tradition in general and the Čaplikienė’s life in particular that shaped her as a storyteller, the woman’s narrative repertoire is discussed, including the number and genre affiliation of her stories, and their place in the Lithuanian folk narrative tradition; 2) Čaplikienė’s memories regarding the folktale narration in the past are analyzed, including the sources that she had learnt her pieces from, and her mode of communication with the folklorists that recorded her tales. The aim of the article is to highlight the uniqueness of this storyteller at the turn of the 20th – 21st centuries and in the context of the folk narrative tradition of Dzūkija.
Deglacial records of terrigenous organic matter accumulation off the Yukon and Amur rivers based on lignin phenols and long-chain n-alkanes
Authors: Cao Mengli , Hefter Jens , Tiedemann Ralf , Lembke-Jene Lester , Meyer Vera D. , Mollenhauer Gesine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Arctic warming and sea level change will lead to widespread permafrost thaw
and subsequent mobilization. Sedimentary records of past warming events
during the Last Glacial–interglacial transition can be used to study the
conditions under which permafrost mobilization occurs and which changes in
vegetation on land are associated with such warming. The Amur and Yukon
rivers discharging into the Okhotsk and Bering seas, respectively, drain
catchments that have been, or remain until today, covered by permafrost.
Here we study two marine sediment cores recovered off the mouths of these
rivers. We use lignin phenols as biomarkers, which are excellently suited
for the reconstruction of terrestrial higher plant vegetation, and compare
them with previously published lipid biomarker data. We find that in the Yukon basin, vegetation change and wetland expansion
began already in the early deglaciation (ED; 14.6–19 ka). This timing is different from observed changes in the Okhotsk Sea reflecting input from the Amur basin, where wetland expansion and vegetation change occurred later in the Pre-Boreal (PB). In the two basins, angiosperm contribution and wetland extent all reached maxima during the PB, both decreasing and stabilizing after the PB. The permafrost of the Amur basin began to become remobilized in the PB. Retreat of sea ice coupled with increased sea surface temperatures in the Bering Sea during the ED might have promoted early permafrost mobilization. In modern Arctic river systems, lignin and n-alkanes are transported from land to the ocean via different pathways, i.e., surface runoff vs. erosion of deeper deposits, respectively. However, accumulation rates of lignin phenols and lipids are similar in our records, suggesting that under conditions of rapid sea level rise and shelf flooding, both types of terrestrial biomarkers are delivered by the same transport pathway. This finding suggests that the fate of terrigenous organic matter in the Arctic differs on both temporal and spatial scales.