bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erythrocytapheresis as a strategy to manage anemia and iron overload in nondeletional hemoglobin H disease
Authors: Zhang Ke , Bliamptis John , Park Janice , Kopko Patricia , Sanchez Amber P. , Gopal Srila 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHemoglobin H (HbH) disease is associated with anemia, ineffective erythropoiesis, and iron overload. We report a case of a patient with HbH/Hb Constant Spring disease, who was maintained on chronic transfusions as an adult due to symptomatic anemia. Over time, he developed iron overload and was started on chelation therapy but did not have an adequate response to chelation. We then added erythrocytapheresis to chelation therapy and were able to successfully decrease his iron burden while managing his anemia. Therapeutic erythrocytapheresis may be an effective treatment strategy for iron overload in HbH disease that is refractory to chelation.
Comparative Efficacy of Ultrasonic Scalpel Surgery With Photodynamic Therapy Versus Trichloroacetic Acid Application in Treating HPV‐Related Condyloma Acuminata: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: dos Santos Valter Fausto , de Barros Ian Carlos , Tomazella Vera Lucia Damasceno , Portela Adriane Caroline Teixeira , de Arruda Semira Silva , Buzza Hilde Harb , Inada Natalia Mayumi , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , Stringasci Mirian Denise 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infections rank as the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections globally. The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends the topical use of 70%–90% trichloroacetic acid (TAA) for treating condyloma acuminata, yet this method suffers from a high recurrence rate of 36% and requires roughly six applications. Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown effectiveness in targeting subclinical lesions, but it also necessitates multiple sessions for complete lesion clearance. This randomized clinical trial evaluates the efficacy of 80% TAA monotherapy against a combined approach of ultrasonic scalpel excision followed by a single PDT session (US + PDT). The US + PDT group required fewer treatment sessions, exhibited superior cosmetic outcomes, and reported zero lesion recurrence during an 18‐month follow‐up, in contrast to the TAA group's recurrence rate of 33.3%. Notwithstanding, patient‐reported pain during PDT application emerged as a significant barrier, affecting treatment adherence and completion rates. Innovating new PDT protocols could potentially address this challenge, enhancing patient compliance and therapeutic success.
Host Index and Gallbladder Cancer: An Emerging Prognostic Biomarker
Authors: Kattepur Abhay K. , Kazi Mufaddal , Patkar Shraddha , Goel Mahesh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesThere is emerging evidence that host related variables predict outcomes in various cancers. The Host index (H‐index) incorporates various host‐related, blood‐derived biomarkers (immunological and nutritional parameters) as a single mathematical formula. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes using the H‐index as a prognostic marker in gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients undergoing curative resection.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of surgically treated GBCs at a tertiary cancer centre from January 2010 to May 2023 was performed. Patients who had received neoadjuvant therapy, metastatic (M1) disease at time of surgical exploration and incidental GBCs were excluded. Baseline neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte and platelet counts, hemoglobin and albumin levels were recorded. H‐index was computed and analysed.Results241 curatively resected GBC patients were included. The H‐index was inversely associated with disease free survival (DFS), both on univariate (79.7 vs. 61.4% for H‐index </= 1.3 and > 3.4 respectively; p = 0.046) and multivariate analysis (Hazard ratio [HR] for recurrence: 1.954 [95% C.I.: 1.366–2.796]; p = < 0.001). Using the maximally distributed rank statistics, a cut‐off of 1.31 showed a significant difference in 3‐year DFS (86.2 vs. 68.4% for H‐index </= 1.31 vs. > 1.31 respectively; HR: 2.21 [95% CI: 1.16–4.21]; p = 0.013) but not overall survival (OS) (p = 0.269).ConclusionA higher H‐index predicted for worse DFS in curatively resected GBC patients. This shows host related variables do play a role in influencing outcomes in GBC. However, larger prospective studies are required to further strengthen this finding.SummaryHost‐related, blood derived biomarkers can influence outcomes in various solid tumours. A higher baseline Host index (H‐index) value which incorporates various blood‐derived biomarkers, predicted for worse disease‐free survival in curatively resected gallbladder cancers.
Comprehensive Study of Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)/Na‐Ionomer Blend System on Morphological, Thermal, Mechanical, Thermo‐Mechanical, and Flame Retardance Behavior
Authors: Rangarajan Rajagopal , Datta Pulak 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA new blend system comprising polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and ionomer based on poly(ethylene‐methacrylic acid) partially neutralized by sodium ions has been developed and investigated the blend's morphological, thermal, mechanical, thermo‐mechanical, and flame retardance behavior. The blend system shows two different phase morphology: sea‐island type morphology when ionomer content is up to 20 wt% and formation of fibrous structure morphology with more than 30 wt% Na‐ionomer content. TGA analysis shows the gradual decrease in thermal stability of the PPS matrix as the Na‐ionomer content increases. In contrast, DSC analysis reveals the presence of a cold crystallization peak, with no changes in the melting temperature of the PPS matrix. There is no change in the glass transition temperature of PPS, and the increase in tan δ values of DMA analysis indicates improved damping capacity (flexibility) of PPS blends. The Na‐ionomer blending enhances the elongation at a break and impact strength of the blends, that is, reflecting the improvement of about 180% in elongation at break and 162% of impact strength for the 50 wt% ratio. No effect on flame‐rating is observed up to 30 wt% ionomer.
Green Modification Approach Using Novel Viscosity Stabilizer for Inhibiting Storage Hardening of Natural Rubber
Authors: Yu Yao , Qi Hangming , Wu Meng , Wang Hongzhen , Zhang Xuequan , Xin Zhenxiang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe inherent storage hardening phenomenon of natural rubber (NR) has always affected product quality and processing energy consumption. This article proposes a new strategy for preparing a novel constant viscosity natural rubber (CV‐NR), which involves wet modification of natural rubber latex using a new green and noncorrosive viscosity stabilizer, alkyl hydrazide (OP). And compared with the traditional corrosive viscosity stabilizer hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HH), the influence of viscosity stabilizer on the microstructure, processability, crystallization behavior, and physical and mechanical properties of NR was mainly investigated. The results indicated that depending on the aldehyde amine condensation reaction between OP and the aldehyde group of NR molecular chain, OP can significantly inhibit the storage hardening problem of NR caused by network branching and crosslinking, which was manifested in the reduction of molecular weight, gel content, Mooney viscosity, initial plastic value, and elastic modulus, thus improving the processability. In addition, CV‐NR had better crystallinity and aging resistance compared to NR. It was worth noting that OP did not significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of NR, and was obviously better than HH. This study could provide a highly promising design approach for the development and application of novel CV‐NR to prepare high‐performance NR products.
A Novel Insect Short Neuropeptide sNPF Peptidomimetic Insecticide: Rational Design, Synthesis, and Aphicidal Activity Study
Authors: Zhou Yuanlin , Wang Chunyue , Lin Tong , Ji Qingdong , Han Qin , Liu Anzhi , Chen Jiajia , Liu Tong , Ran Wenyi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTShort neuropeptide F (sNPF) is an insect‐specific neuropeptide named for its C‐terminal phenylalanine. It consists of 6–19 amino acids with a conserved RLRFa structure, regulating feeding, growth, circadian rhythms, and water‐salt balance in insects. Its receptor belongs to GPCR‐As and binds sNPF to regulate the insect nervous system. Many research groups are evaluating sNPF for plant protection and pest control. In this study, the natural sNPF from the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) was used as a lead compound. Five novel sNPF analogs were designed and synthesized through molecular docking and peptidomimetics, altering the N‐terminal amino acid to Ser, Thr, Tyr, Leu, or Gln. Aphid bioassays showed that the analog I‐3 (YLRLRFa, LC50 = 1.820 mg/L) was more active than the natural Acypi‐sNPF‐1 and pymetrozine. The structure–activity relationship analysis indicated that N‐terminal tyrosine incorporation, combined with increased ClogP and TPSA, enhanced aphidicidal activity. Furthermore, Toxtree's toxicity predictions suggest a low risk for all compounds, and a toxicity assay conducted on the honeybee (Apis mellifera) for I‐3, which exhibits high aphidicidal activity, indicates that I‐3 does not pose a toxicity risk to non‐target organisms. Thus, I‐3 can be utilized as a selective and environmentally friendly insecticide to manage pea aphids.
Interaction Tests With Covariate‐Adaptive Randomization
Authors: Zhang Likun , Ma Wei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTreatment‐covariate interaction tests are commonly applied by researchers to examine whether the treatment effect varies across patient subgroups defined by baseline characteristics. The objective of this study is to explore treatment‐covariate interaction tests involving covariate‐adaptive randomization. Without assuming a parametric data‐generating model, we investigate usual interaction tests and observe that they tend to be conservative: specifically, their limiting rejection probabilities under the null hypothesis are typically strictly lower than the nominal level. To address this problem, we propose modifications to the usual tests to obtain corresponding valid tests with limiting rejection probabilities equal to the nominal level. Moreover, we introduce a novel class of stratified‐adjusted interaction tests that are simple, more powerful than the usual and modified tests, and broadly applicable to most covariate‐adaptive randomization methods. The results encompass two types of interaction tests: one involving stratification covariates and the other involving additional covariates that are not used for randomization. Our study clarifies the application of interaction tests in clinical trials and offers valuable tools for revealing treatment heterogeneity, crucial for advancing personalized medicine.
A Novel Approach for APT Detection Based on Ensemble Learning Model
Authors: Cuong Nguyen Hoa , Do Xuan Cho , Long Vu Thanh , Dat Nguyen Duy , Anh Tran Quang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn recent years, the number and complexity of advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks have significantly increased, posing major challenges for organizations in effectively detecting and mitigating these threats. Although various APT detection methods have been developed, current approaches still face limitations, such as poor generalization leading to high false alarm rates. To address these challenges, this article proposes a novel ensemble learning model called MCG, based on the combination of three main components: multilayer perceptron (MLP), correlated recursion (CR) layer, and graph attention network (GAT). The MLP component extracts flow features from network traffic, the CR layer constructs the IP information network by grouping and linking network behaviors, and finally, the GAT layer analyzes relationships between IPs through an attention mechanism. The MCG model proposed in this article has demonstrated superior performance in APT detection by effectively leveraging the strengths of each component, enabling more accurate identification of abnormal behaviors and reducing false alarms. The experimental results, presented in Section 4.4, show that the MCG model significantly improves accuracy and outperforms traditional methods. This demonstrates that the proposed model not only makes significant theoretical contributions but also offers practical value, providing a more reliable and effective solution for early detection and warning of APT attacks.
BayesMultiomics: An R Package for Bayesian Shrinkage Models for Integration and Analysis of Multi‐Platform High‐Dimensional Genomics Data
Authors: Cho Mansoo , Dey Tanujit , Xue Hao , Chakraborty Sounak 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWith the growing availability of multi‐platform biomedical data—such as epigenomics, gene expression, and clinical features—there is an increasing need for methods that jointly analyze these datasets. We present BayesMultiomics, an R package for integrating and analyzing gene expression, DNA methylation, gene function annotations, and clinical variables using a two‐stage hierarchical Bayesian model. Built with user‐friendliness in mind, the package caters to multidisciplinary researchers without extensive programming expertise in Bayesian hierarchical models. Its application is demonstrated using an illustrative Glioblastoma (GBM) dataset.
Quasi‐Static Closed‐Loop Wind‐Farm Control for Combined Power and Fatigue Optimization
Authors: Sood Ishaan , et d'Espierres Christophe del Fosse , Meyers Johan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo counteract detrimental turbine–turbine aerodynamic interactions within large farms and increase overall power production, closed‐loop wind‐farm control strategies such as wake steering have emerged as a popular means to facilitate real‐time wind‐farm flow control. The optimal wake steering set points to maximize farm power production for a given inflow condition are generally determined using fast engineering models. However, due to a lack of fast structural models, influence of wind‐farm flow control on turbine structural fatigue and loading is generally not considered. In this work, we develop a methodology for combined power and loads optimization by coupling a surrogate loads model with an analytical quasi‐static Gaussian wake merging model. The look‐up table‐based fatigue model is developed offline through a series of OpenFast simulations, covering different operational states of a DTU 10‐MW reference wind turbine, and verified against large eddy simulations with aeroelastic coupling. Subsequently, optimal control set points for the TotalControl reference wind power plant are obtained using the analytical model and tested in a wind‐farm emulator that is based on large eddy simulations. The wake model is calibrated online using in a quasi‐static closed‐loop manner. Benefits of the closed‐loop controller are exhibited via comparison of farm performance against greedy operation and against open‐loop control results obtained without feedback or calibration. Results show that the closed‐loop control out performs open‐loop control, with farm configurations with deep turbine arrays showcasing the highest gains. Inclusion of fatigue in the cost function through the developed LUT also leads to interesting insights, with reduced blade root fatigue loading without significant decrease in power production when compared to open‐loop control. A case study is also performed, which showcases real‐world applications for the developed closed‐loop controller and the load LUT, in which the closed‐loop controller is shown to react to scenarios with turbine operation shutdown, optimizing the yaw angles online to maximize performance for the new layout.
Traveling Front Solutions of Dimension n Generate Entire Solutions of Dimension $$(n-1)$$ in Reaction–Diffusion Equations as the Speeds Go to Infinity
Authors: Ninomiya Hirokazu , Taniguchi Masaharu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Multidimensional traveling front solutions and entire solutions of reaction–diffusion equations have been studied intensively. To study the relationship between multidimensional traveling front solutions and entire solutions, we study the reaction–diffusion equation with a bistable nonlinear term. It is well known that there exist multidimensional traveling front solutions with every speed that is greater than the speed of a one-dimensional traveling front solution connecting two stable equilibria. In this paper, we show that the limit of the n-dimensional multidimensional traveling front solutions as the speeds go to infinity generates an entire solution of the same reaction–diffusion equation in the

$$(n-1)$$

(
n
-
1
)

-dimensional space.
Left atrial functional impairment as a predictor of atrial fibrillation: insights from cardiac CT
Authors: Aronson Doron , Perlow Daniel , Abadi Sobhi , Lessick Jonathan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
A strong association exists between left atrial (LA) structural remodeling and the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). The role of LA function in AF prediction remains unclear. We studied the relationship between LA function and incident AF using cardiac CT.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent multiphasic cardiac CT. LA volumes and parameters of LA global, reservoir and booster function were calculated. The association between measures of LA function and incident AF was analyzed using multivariable Cox regression adjusting for clinical variables, LA volume and left ventricular function.

Results
1025 patients (age 64 years ± 14) were evaluated. Over a median of 3.9 years, 90 patients developed AF. There was a significant association between LA total emptying fraction (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.05 per 1% decrease, p < 0.001), LA reservoir function (HR 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02–1.06 per 1 mL/m2 decrease in LA expansion index, p < 0.001) and passive LA emptying (HR 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03–1.13 per 1% decrease in LA passive emptying fraction, p < 0.001) with incident AF, but no association with LA booster function. Incorporating LA function into predictive models improved risk stratification beyond clinical variables and LA volume. Mediation analysis demonstrated that 46% of the effect of LA volume on AF was mediated via LA dysfunction.

Conclusion
LA functional impairment is common even in patients with normal LA volume and provides additional prognostic information for AF risk. The findings underscore the significance of LA mechanical dysfunction in the pathogenesis of AF.

Key Points

Question

A strong association exists between left atrial structural remodeling and incident atrial fibrillation. The role of left atrial function in atrial fibrillation prediction remains unclear.

Findings

Left atrial reservoir and passive emptying function (but not booster function) predict incident atrial fibrillation independent of left atrial volume and clinical risk factors.

Clinical relevance

Left atrial functional impairment precedes the development of atrial fibrillation. Measures of left atrial reservoir and passive emptying function are independent predictors of incident atrial fibrillation.

Graphical Abstract
Prognostic value of CT-based skeletal muscle and adipose tissue mass and quality parameters in patients with liver metastases and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma undergoing Yttrium-90 radioembolization
Authors: Zhao Yan , Becce Fabio , Balmer Romain , do Amaral Ricardo H. , Alemán-Gómez Yasser , Uldry Emilie , Fraga Montserrat , Tsoumakidou Georgia , Villard Nicolas , Denys Alban , Digklia Antonia , Schaefer Niklaus , Duran Rafael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate baseline patient characteristics associated with the risk of computed tomography (CT)-based sarcopenia and assess whether sarcopenia and other morphometric parameters influence survival outcomes in patients with liver metastases and cholangiocarcinoma after Yttrium-90 radioembolization.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed 120 cancer patients (mean age, 62 ± 13.3 years, 61 men) who underwent preprocedural CT. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured at the L3 vertebral level to identify sarcopenia. The Cox proportional hazard model was performed to assess the prognostic value of the variables, and Kaplan–Meier analysis with log-rank text was used for overall survival (OS) assessment.

Results
Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 70 patients (58.3%). The multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that male sex, body mass index (BMI), visceral fat radiation attenuation (VFRA), skeletal muscle radiation attenuation (SMRA), and subcutaneous fat radiation attenuation (SFRA) were associated with the incidence of sarcopenia with the odds ratio of 8.81 (95% CI, 2.09–37.1, p = 0.003), 0.64 (95% CI, 0.48–0.85, p = 0.002), 1.23 (95% CI, 1.06–1.42, p = 0.006), 0.79 (95% CI, 0.69–0.91, p = 0.001) and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.76–0.93, p = 0.001), respectively. Age, skeletal muscle index, and tumor subtypes were independent prognostic factors for OS with the hazard ratio of 1.03 (95% CI, 1.01–1.05, p = 0.01), 0.92 (95% CI, 0.86–0.99, p = 0.021) and 2.09 (95% CI, 1.31–3.33 p = 0.002), respectively. In patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, median OS was significantly longer in the non-sarcopenic group than in the sarcopenic patient (25.9 versus 6.5 months, p = 0.029).

Conclusion
Male sex, BMI, VFRA, SMRA, and SFRA were associated with the incidence of sarcopenia. SMI value could be used as a biomarker for OS in patients treated with Yttrium-90 radioembolization.

Key Points

Question

The prognostic significance of CT-based sarcopenia and other morphometric parameters in patients with liver metastases and cholangiocarcinoma undergoing Yttrium-90 radioembolization remains unclear.

Findings

A high skeletal muscle index has been identified as an independent protective factor for overall survival in cancer patients treated with Yttrium-90 radioembolization.

Clinical relevance

The negative impact of CT-based sarcopenia has been confirmed in the context of Yttrium-90 radioembolization. Clinicians should strive to prevent the progression of sarcopenia or maintain skeletal muscle index in perioperative management.