bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Familiarity of the Surgeon-Anesthesiologist Dyad and Postoperative Patient Outcomes for Complex Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Hallet Julie , Sutradhar Rinku , Jerath Angela , d’Empaire Pablo Perez , Carrier François M. , Turgeon Alexis F. , McIsaac Daniel I. , Idestrup Chris , Lorello Gianni , Flexman Alana , Kidane Biniam , Kaliwal Yosuf , Chan Wing C. , Barabash Victoria , Coburn Natalie , Eskander Antoine 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceThe surgeon-anesthesiologist teamwork and relationship is crucial to good patient outcomes. Familiarity among work team members is associated with enhanced success in multiple fields but rarely studied in the operating room.ObjectiveTo examine the association between surgeon-anesthesiologist dyad familiarity—as the number of times working together—with short-term postoperative outcomes for complex gastrointestinal cancer surgery.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based retrospective cohort study based in Ontario, Canada, included adults undergoing esophagectomy, pancreatectomy, and hepatectomy for cancer from 2007 through 2018. The data were analyzed January 1, 2007, through December 21, 2018.ExposuresDyad familiarity captured as the annual volume of procedures of interest done by the surgeon-anesthesiologist dyad in the 4 years before the index surgery.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNinety-day major morbidity (any Clavien-Dindo grade 3 to 5). The association between exposure and outcome was examined using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsSeven thousand eight hundred ninety-three patients with a median age of 65 years (66.3% men) were included. They were cared for by 737 anesthesiologists and 163 surgeons who were also included. The median surgeon-anesthesiologist dyad volume was 1 (range, 0-12.2) procedures per year. Ninety-day major morbidity occurred in 43.0% of patients. There was a linear association between dyad volume and 90-day major morbidity. After adjustment, the annual dyad volume was independently associated with lower odds of 90-day major morbidity, with an odds ratio of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92-0.98; P = .01) for each incremental procedure per year, per dyad. The results did not change when examining 30-day major morbidity.Conclusions and RelevanceAmong adults undergoing complex gastrointestinal cancer surgery, increasing familiarity of the surgeon-anesthesiologist dyad was associated with improved short-term patient outcomes. For each additional time that a unique surgeon-anesthesiologist dyad worked together, the odds of 90-day major morbidity decreased by 5%. These findings support organizing perioperative care to increase the familiarity of surgeon-anesthesiologist dyads.
Bovine meat and milk factor protein expression in tumor‐free mucosa of colorectal cancer patients coincides with macrophages and might interfere with patient survival
Authors: Nikitina Ekaterina , Burk‐Körner Amelie , Wiesenfarth Manuel , Alwers Elizabeth , Heide Danijela , Tessmer Claudia , Ernst Claudia , Krunic Damir , Schrotz‐King Petra , Chang‐Claude Jenny , von Winterfeld Moritz , Herpel Esther , Brobeil Alexander , Brenner Hermann , Heikenwalder Mathias , Hoffmeister Michael , Kopp‐Schneider Annette , Bund Timo 
Published: February 2023

Bovine milk and meat factors (BMMFs) are plasmid‐like DNA molecules isolated from bovine milk and serum, as well as the peritumor of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. BMMFs have been proposed as zoonotic infectious agents and drivers of indirect carcinogenesis of CRC, inducing chronic tissue inflammation, radical formation and increased levels of DNA damage. Data on expression of BMMFs in large clinical cohorts to test an association with co‐markers and clinical parameters were not previously available and were therefore assessed in this study. Tissue sections with paired tumor‐adjacent mucosa and tumor tissues of CRC patients [individual cohorts and tissue microarrays (TMAs) (n = 246)], low‐/high‐grade dysplasia (LGD/HGD) and mucosa of healthy donors were used for immunohistochemical quantification of the expression of BMMF replication protein (Rep) and CD68/CD163 (macrophages) by co‐immunofluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemical scoring (TMA). Rep was expressed in the tumor‐adjacent mucosa of 99% of CRC patients (TMA), was histologically associated with CD68+/CD163+ macrophages and was increased in CRC patients when compared to healthy controls. Tumor tissues showed only low stromal Rep expression. Rep was expressed in LGD and less in HGD but was strongly expressed in LGD/HGD‐adjacent tissues. Albeit not reaching statistical significance, incidence curves for CRC‐specific death were increased for higher Rep expression (TMA), with high tumor‐adjacent Rep expression being linked to the highest incidence of death. BMMF Rep expression might represent a marker and early risk factor for CRC. The correlation between Rep and CD68 expression supports a previous hypothesis that BMMF‐specific inflammatory regulations, including macrophages, are involved in the pathogenesis of CRC.
Advances in Spheroids and Organoids on a Chip
Authors: Fang Guocheng , Chen Yu‐Cheng , Lu Hongxu , Jin Dayong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMulticellular spheroids and organoids are promising in vitro 3D models in personalized medicine and drug screening. They replicate the structural and functional characteristics of human organs in vivo. Microfluidic technology and micro‐nano fabrication can fulfill the high requirement of the engineering approach in the growing research interest in spheroids and organoids. In this review, spheroids and organoids are comparatively introduced. Then it is illustrated how spheroids‐ and organoids‐on‐a‐chip technology facilitates their establishment, expansion, and application through spatial‐temporal control, mechanical cues modeling, high‐throughput analysis, co‐culture, multi‐tissue interactions, biosensing, and bioimaging integration. The potential opportunities and challenges in developing spheroids‐ and organoids‐on‐a‐chip technology are finally outlooked.
Selective Photothermal Therapy Based on Lipopolysaccharide Aptamer Functionalized MoS2 Nanosheet‐Coated Gold Nanorods for Multidrug‐Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection
Authors: Lv Jie , Li Bo , Luo Tingting , Nie Chengtao , Pan Weilun , Ge Xiaoxue , Zheng Jinsheng , Rui Yongyu , Zheng Lei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChronic wounds infected by multidrug‐resistant gram‐negative bacteria have evolved resistance to traditional antibiotic therapy, posing a threat to global public health in recent years. Herein, a selective therapeutic nanorod (MoS2‐AuNRs‐apt) based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets coated gold nanorods (AuNRs) targeting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is presented. AuNRs have excellent photothermal conversion efficiency in 808 nm laser‐guided photothermal therapy (PTT), and the MoS2 nanosheets coating significantly enhances the biocompatibility of AuNRs. Furthermore, the conjugation of the nanorods with aptamer permits active targeting of LPS on the surface of gram‐negative bacteria and a specific anti‐inflammatory ability in the multidrug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA)‐infected wound murine model. It is concluded that the antimicrobial effect of these nanorods is considerably more significant than non‐targeted PTT. Moreover, they can precisely overcome MRPA bacteria by physical damage and effectively reduce excess M1 inflammatory macrophages to accelerate the healing of infected wounds. Overall, this molecular therapeutic strategy displays great potential as a prospective antimicrobial treatment for MRPA infections.
Quantum Composites with Charge‐Density‐Wave Fillers
Authors: Barani Zahra , Geremew Tekwam , Stokey Megan , Sesing Nicholas , Taheri Maedeh , Hilfiker Matthew J. , Kargar Fariborz , Schubert Mathias , Salguero Tina T. , Balandin Alexander A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA unique class of advanced materials—quantum composites based on polymers with fillers composed of a van der Waals quantum material that reveals multiple charge‐density‐wave quantum condensate phases—is demonstrated. Materials that exhibit quantum phenomena are typically crystalline, pure, and have few defects because disorder destroys the coherence of the electrons and phonons, leading to collapse of the quantum states. The macroscopic charge‐density‐wave phases of filler particles after multiple composite processing steps are successfully preserved in this work. The prepared composites display strong charge‐density‐wave phenomena even above room temperature. The dielectric constant experiences more than two orders of magnitude enhancement while the material maintains its electrically insulating properties, opening a venue for advanced applications in energy storage and electronics. The results present a conceptually different approach for engineering the properties of materials, extending the application domain for van der Waals materials.
Hierarchical Superstructure of Plant Polyphenol and Arginine Surfactant for Long‐Lasting and Target‐Selective Antimicrobial Application
Authors: Shen Yutan , Lin Hongrui , Yang Ming , Gong Xuefeng , Guan Bo , Han Yuchun , Wang Shu , Wang Yilin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial agents are massively used to disinfect the pathogen contaminated surfaces since the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak. However, their defects of poor durability, strong irritation, and high environmental accumulation are exposed. Herein, a convenient strategy is developed to fabricate long‐lasting and target‐selective antimicrobial agent with the special hierarchical structure through bottom–up assembly of natural gallic acid with arginine surfactant. The assembly starts from rodlike micelles, further stacking into hexagonal columns and finally interpenetrating into spherical assemblies, which avoid explosive release of antimicrobial units. The assemblies show anti‐water washing and high adhesion on various surfaces; and thus, possess highly efficient and broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activities even after using up to eleven cycles. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments prove that the assemblies are highly selective in killing pathogens without generating toxicity. The excellent antimicrobial virtues well satisfy the increasing anti‐infection demands and the hierarchical assembly exhibits great potential as a clinical candidate.
Full Control of Solid‐State Electrolytes for Electrostatic Gating
Authors: Cao Chuanwu , Melegari Margherita , Philippi Marc , Domaretskiy Daniil , Ubrig Nicolas , Gutiérrez‐Lezama Ignacio , Morpurgo Alberto F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIonic gating is a powerful technique to realize field‐effect transistors (FETs) enabling experiments not possible otherwise. So far, ionic gating has relied on the use of top electrolyte gates, which pose experimental constraints and make device fabrication complex. Promising results obtained recently in FETs based on solid‐state electrolytes remain plagued by spurious phenomena of unknown origin, preventing proper transistor operation, and causing limited control and reproducibility. Here, a class of solid‐state electrolytes for gating (Lithium‐ion conducting glass‐ceramics, LICGCs) is explored, the processes responsible for the spurious phenomena and irreproducible behavior are identified, and properly functioning transistors exhibiting high density ambipolar operation with gate capacitance of ≈ (depending on the polarity of the accumulated charges) are demonstrated. Using 2D semiconducting transition‐metal dichalcogenides, the ability to implement ionic‐gate spectroscopy to determine the semiconducting bandgap, and to accumulate electron densities above 1014 cm−2 are demostrated, resulting in gate‐induced superconductivity in MoS2 multilayers. As LICGCs are implemented in a back‐gate configuration, they leave the surface of the material exposed, enabling the use of surface‐sensitive techniques (such as scanning tunneling microscopy and photoemission spectroscopy) impossible so far in ionic‐gated devices. They also allow double ionic gated devices providing independent control of charge density and electric field.
Highly Sensitive Hybrid Oxide Phototransistors with Photoresponsive Zeolitic‐Imidazolate‐Frameworks for Real‐Time Light Detection
Authors: Yang Ji Sook , Jung Sung Hyeon , Ahn Cheol Hyoun , Yang Won Seok , Kim Jeong Jae , Cho Hyung Koun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConventional oxide‐based thin‐film phototransistors (Ph‐TRs) with a hybrid structure with additional photoabsorbers show limitations in real‐time on/off operations without additional input bias. Here, hybrid InGaZnO (IGZO) Ph‐TRs utilizing zeolitic‐imidazolate‐framework‐67 (ZIF‐67), an electrically insulating material with a unique metal‐to‐metal charge transfer (MMCT) pathway enabling charge migration, are presented. A wide photodetection range and fast response/recovery speed without additional gate bias are achieved. In particular, ZIF‐67 used as a photoabsorber exhibits absorption of visible light over a wide range of wavelengths. Photoexcited electrons migrate through the MMCT pathway between Co ions and migrate to the IGZO conduction band, causing a significant change in the photocurrent (Iph) of the hybrid ZIF‐67/IGZO Ph‐TR. In the dark, ZIF‐67 immediately returns to the insulating state, resulting in a fast rise/fall time under dynamic photo‐stimulus. In addition, it exhibits repeatable photo‐sensing performance without persistent photocurrent behavior under pulsed light‐on/off cycles. A high photosensitivity of 108 for red light (592 nm, 0.1 mW cm–2) is obtained as it suppresses the dark current and amplifies photocurrent generation in the subthreshold gate voltage region. This combination of fast response time, high photosensitivity, and high stability is promising for ideal Ph‐TRs, enabling real‐time detection even for high‐frequency operations.
Neurodegenerative disorders: Assessing the impact of natural vs drug‐induced treatment options
Authors: Mathur Sakshi , Gawas Chaitali , Ahmad Iffat Zareen , Wani Minal , Tabassum Heena 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNeurodegenerative illnesses refer to the gradual, cumulative loss of neural activity. Neurological conditions are considered to be the second leading cause of mortality in the modern world and the two most prevalent ones are Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The negative side effects of pharmaceutical use are a major global concern, despite the availability of many different treatments for therapy. We concentrated on different types of neurological problems and their influence on targets, in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods toward neurological disorders, as well as the molecular approaches influencing the same, in the first half of the review. The bulk of the second half of the review focuses on the many categories of treatment possibilities, including natural and artificial. Nevertheless, herbal treatment solutions are piquing scholarly attention due to their anti‐oxidative properties and accessibility. However, more quality investigations and innovations are undoubtedly needed to back up these conclusions.
Prevalence of constipation on an internal medicine ward
Authors: Rego Rita , Barroso Daniela , Freire Elga 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn hospitalized patients the prevalence of constipation is high, especially among elderly patients. Constipation impacts significantly the quality of life of patients and is associated with increased morbidity and length of hospital stay. This retrospective observational study intended to identify the prevalence of constipation in patients hospitalized in an internal medicine ward. In a sample of 80 patients, the median age was 79 years and 53% (n = 42) were women. We identified constipation in 68% (n = 56) of the patients during hospitalization. The medical team prescribed treatment only to 70% of those patients. Constipation was responsible for delirium in 11% of patients and 5% suffered urinary retention. This study shows constipation is prevalent among patients admitted in an internal medicine ward. Systematic assessment of this problem can improve the overall care of the patients, alleviate symptoms, and prevent complications.
Phenotypic variability and gastrointestinal manifestations/interventions for growth in NAA10‐related neurodevelopmental syndrome
Authors: Sandomirsky Katherine , Marchi Elaine , Gavin Maureen , Amble Karen , Lyon Gholson J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOur study of 61 children with NAA10‐related neurodevelopmental syndrome, an X‐linked disorder due to NAA10 gene variants, demonstrated a high prevalence of growth failure, with weight and height percentiles often in the failure‐to‐thrive diagnostic range; however, dramatic weight fluctuations and phenotypic variability is evidenced in the growth parameters of this population. Although never previously explored in depth, the gastrointestinal pathology associated with NAA10‐related neurodevelopmental syndrome includes feeding difficulties in infancy, dysphagia, GERD/silent reflux, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, bowel incontinence, and presence of eosinophils on esophageal endoscopy, in order from most to least prevalent. Additionally, the gastrointestinal symptom profile for children with this syndrome has been expanded to include eosinophilic esophagitis, cyclic vomiting syndrome, Mallory Weiss tears, abdominal migraine, esophageal dilation, and subglottic stenosis. Although the exact cause of poor growth in NAA10‐related neurodevelopmental syndrome probands is unclear and the degree of contribution to this problem by GI symptomatology remains uncertain, an analysis including nine G‐tube or GJ‐tube fed probands demonstrates that G/GJ‐tubes are overall efficacious with respect to improvements in weight gain and caregiving. The choice to insert a gastrostomy or gastrojejunal tube to aid with weight gain is often a challenging decision to make for parents, who may alternatively choose to rely on oral feeding, caloric supplementation, calorie tracking, and feeding therapy. In this case, if NAA10‐related neurodevelopmental syndrome children are not tracking above the failure to thrive (FTT) range past 1 year of age despite such efforts, the treating physicians should be consulted regarding possibly undergoing G‐tube placement to avoid prolonged growth failure. If G‐tubes are not immediately inducing weight gain after insertion, recommendations could include altering formula, increasing caloric input, or exchanging a G‐tube for a GJ‐tube by means of a minimally invasive procedure.
Calcium Aluminate Induced Pt(0)‐Pt(δ+) Coupling Boost Catalyzed H−D Exchange Reaction of Arenes with Deuterium Oxide
Authors: Jiang Wenjie , Shao Fangjun , Cheng Jiaxu , Ma Fandong , Wei Zhongzhe , Zhong Xing , Wang Hong , Wang Jianguo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeuterium(D)‐labeled aromatics play an essential part in the Yield of fine chemicals. However, deuteration reactions are particularly dependent on the specific chemical environment of the metal to finish the oxidative addition and reductive elimination. Herein, a complex valence Pt/Ca12Al14Ox catalyst was successfully synthesized for the deuteration of toluene using inexpensive D2O. It exhibited high deuteration efficiency, achieving 96% deuteration in just 4 hours, 14% higher than the most commonly Pt/C catalyst. The catalyst can also be reactivated and recycled up to 16 times. Multiple characterization techniques were used to demonstrate the interaction between Pt and Ca12Al14Ox generates the co‐existence of Pt(δ+) and Pt(0). The synergy between Pt(δ+) and Pt(0) can promote the completion of oxidation and elimination reactions. Thus, the complex valence of Pt improves the processes required for H−D exchange and boosts the reaction rate and stability of the hydrogen isotope exchange system.
The endocast from Dana Aoule North (DAN5/P1): A 1.5 million year‐old human braincase from Gona, Afar, Ethiopia
Authors: Bruner Emiliano , Holloway Ralph , Baab Karen L. , Rogers Michael J. , Semaw Sileshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe nearly complete cranium DAN5/P1 was found at Gona (Afar, Ethiopia), dated to 1.5–1.6 Ma, and assigned to the species Homo erectus. Its size is, nonetheless, particularly small for the known range of variation of this taxon, and the cranial capacity has been estimated as 598 cc. In this study, we analyzed a reconstruction of its endocranial cast, to investigate its paleoneurological features. The main anatomical traits of the endocast were described, and its morphology was compared with other fossil and modern human samples. The endocast shows most of the traits associated with less encephalized human taxa, like narrow frontal lobes and a simple meningeal vascular network with posterior parietal branches. The parietal region is relatively tall and rounded, although not especially large. Based on our set of measures, the general endocranial proportions are within the range of fossils included in the species Homo habilis or in the genus Australopithecus. Similarities with the genus Homo include a more posterior position of the frontal lobe relative to the cranial bones, and the general endocranial length and width when size is taken into account. This new specimen extends the known brain size variability of Homo ergaster/erectus, while suggesting that differences in gross brain proportions among early human species, or even between early humans and australopiths, were absent or subtle.
Long‐duration pain block for postoperative anesthesia after endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Bishop Jessica L. , Marshall Ryan V. , McCormick Justin P. , Tomblin Caitlyn , Garcia Natalie , Feinstein Joel , Cho Do Yeon , Grayson Jessica W. , Woodworth Bradford A. 
Published: February 2023

Key points
A long‐duration pain block did not decrease postoperative pain or opioid consumption.
Extended sinus procedures do not lead to additional postoperative pain or opioid consumption.
Novel Strategy to Drive the Intracellular Uptake of Lipid Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Ho Tiffany , Guidolin Keegan , Makky Ali , Valic Michael , Ding Lili , Bu Jiachuan , Zheng Mark , Cheng Miffy H. Y. , Yau Jeremy , Chen Juan , Zheng Gang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNanoparticles’ uptake by cancer cells upon reaching the tumor microenvironment is often the rate‐limiting step in cancer nanomedicine. Herein, we report that the inclusion of aminopolycarboxylic acid conjugated lipids, such as EDTA‐ or DTPA‐hexadecylamide lipids in liposome‐like porphyrin nanoparticles (PS) enhanced their intracellular uptake by 25‐fold, which was attributed to these lipids’ ability to fluidize the cell membrane in a detergent‐like manner rather than by metal chelation of EDTA or DTPA. EDTA‐lipid‐incorporated‐PS (ePS) take advantage of its unique active uptake mechanism to achieve >95 % photodynamic therapy (PDT) cell killing compared to <5 % cell killing by PS. In multiple tumor models, ePS demonstrated fast fluorescence‐enabled tumor delineation within minutes post‐injection and increased PDT potency (100 % survival rate) compared to PS (60 %). This study offers a new nanoparticle cellular uptake strategy to overcome challenges associated with conventional drug delivery.