bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Product Development from the Perspective of Creating a Competitive Advantage
Authors: Dąbrowski Dariusz 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
It is acknowledged that achieving product-based competitive advantage is a key task for a company. However, there is still a research gap in determining those specific actions in the process of developing new products that arise from companies’ efforts to achieve product-based competitive advantage. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the specific actions in the new product development (NPD) process that result from companies’ intention to introduce a new product to the market, enabling the achievement of a competitive advantage. The primary research method used in this study is deductive reasoning, supplemented by a literature review. The result of the study is the proposal of three types of actions: a) evaluating an opportunity in terms of its potential to generate a competitive advantage; b) creating a new product with high economic value; and c) assessing both the planned new product and the new product introduced to the market in terms of achieving a competitive advantage. The latter two types of actions can be undertaken at various stages of the NPD process and can pertain to the product concept itself and to specific product forms (e.g., prototypes, pilot products). These proposed actions are significant because attaining a product-based competitive advantage contributes to the achievement of other objectives related to new products (e.g., revenue generation). Therefore, it is recommended that companies incorporate these actions into their NPD process. This study contributes to the field of management by proposing few specific actions in each phase of the NPD process, which arise from a company's intention to achieve a product-based competitive advantage, addressing a previous gap in the literature.
Doctor, am I allowed to drive? A practical case-based guide on fitness to drive in cardiovascular diseases adapted from the Swiss model
Authors: Achim Alexandru 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
From 2016 onwards, a group of cardiologists initially formed in 2013 took the initiative to regulate and standardize the rights of European citizens suffering from diverse cardiovascular conditions at the European level. Subsequently, the Romanian government embraced and incorporated these recommendations into law a year later. This process addressed several important new aspects, including stents, myocarditis, and various cardiomyopathies, with a focus on striking a balance between the individual’s right to drive a vehicle and the need to safeguard the lives of others. The Romanian law, however, is vague and states that “candidates or drivers from the indicated groups can be issued or renewed their driving licenses only after the condition in question has been effectively treated and subject to the opinion issued by the specialist cardiology doctor and, depending on a case, by performing a periodic medical check” but does not clearly specify how and for how long and to whom exactly the driver’s license should be suspended. Interestingly, Switzerland, despite not being an EU member, developed its own set of recommendations three years later, drawing strong inspiration from the German guidelines, which in turn personalized its indications (being the European country with the most publications in this field). A refinement of the refinement, one could say. The indications are clear, precise, and structured in a point-by-point fashion. The purpose of this review is to explore the Swiss guidelines on fitness to drive in cardiovascular diseases interactively, with discussions on fictitious cases, in the hope that doctors will be able to become more familiar with these rigid and often interpretable indications and implement them in their daily practice.
Evaluating Shading Effects of PV Systems: Discrepancies in Simulation Software and Energy Consumption
Authors: Albatayneh Aiman , Albadaineh Renad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A critical procedure in sustainable building design is that building energy consumption has significant implications for the global energy crisis and climate change. This study compares three simulation software programs for a photovoltaic system on a building’s roof. The low-rise residential buildings in three East Mediterranean cities (Amman, Mafraq, and Aqaba) represent moderate dry–warm, semi-arid, and humid subtropical climate zones were compared using three simulation software programs (IES-VE, Design-Builder, REVIT) for a typical building with PV on the roof and the second scenario without a PV system installed on the roof. This investigation aims to evaluate the shading effect of the PV system on a building’s roof structure by calculating the total heating and cooling loads required to maintain thermal comfort inside the building. The results showed significant discrepancies between the three software for the base building design and the PV system on the roof, with a range of around 50 %. This highlights the importance of evaluating and calibrating different simulation tools and using them with a great deal of caution.
Methods for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Products: A Review
Authors: Luksta Ilze , Spalvins Kriss 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Most agricultural by-products are not recycled or fully utilized. Most of them end up in waste and cause economic, social and environmental problems. Today, much of the byproducts are considered waste, although they can be appropriately recycled to produce new value-added products. By-products have great potential to create, for example, food additives. Many of these byproducts are a source of valuable compounds such as proteins, lipids, starches, trace elements, bioactive compounds and dietary fiber. A wide variety of extraction methods are currently available, but several factors must be considered to determine which of these methods can efficiently and environmentally produce high-value-added products from by-products. The article examines, summarizes and compares various extraction methods, as well as products that are currently obtained using specific methods.
Professional Activation of Women and Flexible Forms of Employment, as Exemplified by Gig Economy
Authors: Dettlaff Alicja 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The aim of the article is to present the idea of Gig Economy as a flexible form of employment, which may serve as an opportunity to break the cycle of professional passivity among women in a macroeconomic scale. The author presents data on unemployment and access to employees on the labor market, and compares them with a relatively low level of professional activity among women. The article explores the issue of motivation to undertake professional activity, discusses the barriers to building a professional path by women, and indicates the potential influence of flexible forms of employment, based on the example of gig economy, on the improvement of the professional situation of women. Based on the available reports, secondary data and source literature the author identifies the basic social factors which impact the growth of professional activity among women, indicating the relationship between flexible forms of employment and the state of the labor market, expressed through the activeness of women.
Studi Dinamika Kualitas Air Daerah Aliran Sungai Batang Arau di Propinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Erniwati Erniwati 
Published: September 2023

Batang Arau banyak mengalami polusi air, pencemaran air sungainya memberikan kerusakan DAS dan peningkatan sedimen. Ini mengakibatkan banyaknya masuk buangan limbah cair yang bersumber dari limbah penduk dan limbah industri. Batang Arau adalah salah satu sumber air baku terutama sumber air baku untuk kebutuhan sehari dan sekarang kualitasnya sudah sangat menurun. Tinjauan mutu kualitas air sesuai dengan kriteria pada Peraturan Pemerintah No.82 tahun 2001 tentang pengelolaan kualitas air dan pengendaliannya.Â Metode yang dipakai dalam pengujian ini metode SNI mengenai parameter kualitas air dan standar methode untuk pemerisaan air dan air limbah, Apha washington DC serta beberapa alat untuk pengujian mutu, data sekunder sebagai pendukung data dan lokasi letak penelitian contoh uji. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji, meneliti dan evaluasi kualitas air di berbagai tempat di Sungai Batang Arau . Kualitas air sangat dipengaruhi pencemaran lingkungan daerah aliran sungai, oleh rumah potong hewan, kegiatan pertanian yang terletak di hulu, serta kegiatan industri karet yang terletak di bagian hilir sungai. Jumlah suspended solid jauh lebih tinggi di aliran sungai menurun. Itu adalah sekitar 144 mg/L di hilir dan hanya 74 mg/L di hulu lokasi. Konduktivitas daya hantar listrik adalah sekitar 114â€“189 Umhos/cm. The BOD dan COD nilai yang variabel sekitar 3,4-9,7 mg/L. Padatan Terlarut yang terkandung dalam air sungai Batang Arau juga akan mempengaruhi tingkat beban pencemaran dalam air yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air sungai Batang Arau, nilai BOD berkisar 5,3 mg/L â€“ 18,3 mg/L dan nilai COD 13,7 mg/L - 50,7 mg/L. Dalam air sungai Batang Arau padatan terlarut hulu bagian 112- 124 mg/L dan di hilir 118 â€“144 mg/L. DO adalah variabel diÂ hulu karena air dari berbagai anak sungai berkisar 4,8 â€“ 7,3 mg/L. Kualitas air yang berubah â€“ rubah (tercemar) disebabkan limbah cairan yang masuk ke aliran sungai. Berdasarkan fakta-fakta IPAL pengolahan air limbah tidak beroperasi pada kondisi yang optimal. Operasi rencana pengolahan air limbah yang efektif dan peraturan pembuang limbah cair sebelum lepas ke sungai diharapkan untuk memenuhi standar kualitas air nasional.Â Pengolahan limbah cair dengan treatmen fisika, kimia dan biologi menjadikan kualitas air bagus.
Timbulan dan Komposisi Sampah Bahan Berbahaya Dan Beracun (B3) Sarana Pelayanan Kota Di Kota Padang
Authors: Ruslinda Yenni , Supratman Ade , Lestari Nur Indah 
Published: September 2023

Generation and composition data of solid waste was the initial data needed in solid waste management system planning. This research aims to measure and analyze the generation and composition of Hazardous Solid Waste (HSW) from the source of municipal service facilities in Padang City. Municipal service facilities studied include recreation facilities, beaches, parks, and roads. Determination of the number of samples based on SNI 19-3964-1994 with the total sample of 11 samples and confidence level of 99.77%. Results of the study showed that total HHW generation from municipal service facilities in Padang city was 394.67 kg/day (2,312.41 liters/day), with the generation average of 0.000220 kg/m2/day in weight basis or 0.001262 liters/m2/day in volume basis. The percentage of HHW generation to total solid waste of municipal service facilities in Padang City was 0.95% in weight basis or 0.61% in volume basis. The largest composition of HHW from municipal service sources based on the type of use was body care products by 84% and based on general characteristics is toxic by 87%.Keywords: Composition, Generation, Hazardous Solid Waste (HSW), Municipal service facilitiesABSTRAKData timbulan dan komposisi sampah merupakan data awal yang dibutuhkan dalam perencanaan sistem pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis timbulan dan komposisi sampah B3 yang berasal dari sarana pelayanan di Kota Padang. Sarana pelayanan kota dalam penelitian ini meliputi sarana rekreasi, pantai, taman, dan penyapuan jalan. Penentuan jumlah sampel berdasarkan SNI 19-3964-1994, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 11 buah dan tingkat kepercayaan 99,77%. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh timbulan sampah B3 dari sarana palayanan di Kota Padang sebesar 394.67 kg/hari (2,312.41 liter/hari) dengan satuan timbulan rata-rata 0,000220 kg/m2/hari dalam satuan berat atau 0,001262 liter/m2/hari dalam satuan volume. Persentase timbulan sampah B3 di dalam total sampah pelayanan kota di Kota Padang adalah 0,95% dalam satuan berat atau 0,61% dalam satuan volume. Komposisi sampah B3 terbesar dari sumber pelayanan kota berdasarkan jenis penggunaannya merupakan produk perawatan badan sebesar 84% dan berdasarkan karakteristiknya bersifat toksik sebesar 87%.Kata kunci: Komposisi, Timbulan, B3, Sumber pelayanan kotaÂ Â
Pemanfaatan Lumpur Sungai Ciliwung Dengan Metode Solidifikasi
Authors: Mochammad Chaerul , Pasaribu Roy Jeremiah 
Published: September 2023

Â Sediment potentially leads to siltation of the river and overflow of river water during the rainy season.Â Existing management of the sediment is to collect, transport and dispose in a site without any proper handling procedure prior and it may cause environment burden. This study aims to utilize the sediment in Ciliwung river as a structural material through a set of solidification procedure. The mixing of cement and fine aggregate is necessary to produce 5x5x5 cm3 mortar to be tested. The sediment may be classified as non-hazardous waste and it can be used to substitute sand as the fine aggregate. The highest compressive strength of 216 kg/cm2 can be produced at ratio of cement and the fine aggregate of 1:3 with the sediment substitution of 50% and the product can be classified as class B of paving block or class I of brick. Through Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test, it find that the metals substance in the sediment bounded properly in the solid matrix and it prevents the metals leaching out to the environment. The study reveals that the utilization of the sediment through the solidification become a prospective measure by producing a useful product with minimum impact on the environment.Â Keywords: Sediment, fine aggregate, solidification, compressive strength, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching ProcedureÂ Â ABSTRAKÂ Â Lumpur berpotensi menyebabkan pendangkalan sungai dan meluapnya air sungai selama musim hujan. Manajemen lumpur yang ada adalah mengumpulkan, mengangkut, dan membuang di lokasi tanpa prosedur penanganan yang tepat sebelumnya dan dapat membebani lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan lumpur di sungai Ciliwung sebagai material struktural melalui serangkaian prosedur pemadatan. Pencampuran semen dan agregat halus diperlukan untuk menghasilkan mortar 5x5x5 cm3 untuk diuji. Lumpur dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai limbah tidak berbahaya dan dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan pasir sebagai agregat halus. Kuat tekan tertinggi 216 kg/cm2 didapat Â pada rasio semen dan agregat halus 1: 3 dengan substitusi sedimen 50% dan produk dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai paving block kelas B atau bata kelas I. Melalui uji Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), ditemukan bahwa zat logam dalam lumpur terikat dengan benar dalam matriks padat dan mencegah logam berpindah ke lingkungan. Dari penelitian ini, didapatkan bahwa pemanfaatan lumpur sungai dengan pemadatan berpotensi Â menghasilkan produk yang bermanfaat dengan dampak minimal terhadap lingkungan.Â Kata kunci: Lumpur, Agregat halus, Solidifikasi, Kuat tekan, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching ProcedureÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Kajian Penerapan Sistem Pengelolaan Sampah dengan Pendekatan Metode 3R di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Aziz Rizki , Ihsan Taufiq , Suhaila Datin 
Published: September 2023

Â This study aims to determine the existing conditions of solid waste management in Padang Pariaman Regency and the problems faced, as well as to assess the potential of implementing a municipal solid waste management system using the reduce-reuse-recycle (3R) method through a 3R based Solid Waste Treatment Plant (3R-SWTP) for region scale and Integrated Solid Waste Treatment Plant (ISWTP) for the city scale as a solution to municipal solid waste problems. This study was conducted through surveys, observations and interviews with solid waste management institutions, collection of secondary solid waste management data and literature studies. From the survey, observation, and interview it was found that the solid waste generation of Padang Pariaman Regency was 1,396 m3/day and only 1,35% of the total solid waste was served. The problem of waste management faced wereÂ the high amount of waste that is not served, the inadequate facilities and infrastructure for operational solid waste handling and the low level of solid waste minimization practices. Through the implementation of the 3R-SWTP and ISWTP-based solid waste management system, it is estimated that it will be able to minimize the city solid waste by 23% by operation of 7 unit of 3R-SWTP and 1 unit of ISWTP within 5 years.Â Keywords: solid waste management system, 3R method, 3R-SWTS, ISWTP, Padang Pariaman RegencyÂ Â ABSTRAKÂ Â Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting pengelolaan sampah di Kabupaten Padang Pariamandan permasalahan yang dihadapi, serta mengkaji potensi penerapan sistem pengelolaan sampah kota dengan pendekatan metode reduce-reuse-recycle (3R) melalui sistem pengelolaan sampah berbasis Tempat Pengolahan Sampah (TPS3R)untuk skala kawasan dan Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) untuk skala kota sebagai solusi permasalahan sampah kota kedepan. Studi ini dilakukan melalui survey, observasi dan wawancara dengan lembaga pengelola sampah, pengumpulan data skunder pengelolaan sampah dan studi literatur. Dari survey, observasi, dan wawancara diketahui bahwa timbulan sampah Kabupaten Padang Pariaman sebesar 1.396 m3/hari dan hanya1,35% sampah yang terlayani.Permasalahan pengelolaan sampah yang dihadapi adalah besarnya timbulan sampah yang tidak terlayani, sarana dan prasarana teknis operasional penanganan sampah yang belum memadai serta rendahnya praktik minimisasi sampah. Melalui penerapan sistem pengelolaan sampah berbasis TPS3R dan TPST diperkirakan akan dapat meminimisasisampah kota sebesar23% dengan operasional 7 buah TPS3R dan 1 buah TPST dalam jangka waktu 5 tahun.Â Kata Kunci: Sistem pengelolaan sampah, metode 3R, TPS3R, TPST, Kabupaten Padang PariamanÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Pengendalian Kontaminasi Total Coliform pada Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang dengan Konsep Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point
Authors: Regia Rinda Andhita , Ihsan Taufiq , Tirta Dhita Dwi 
Published: September 2023

Â Total Coliform as an indicator of food or beverage pollution can cause food-borne diseases. In the food and beverage production process, hygiene and sanitation are part of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) is one of the efforts to avoid pollution to the production process. This study aims to control Total Coliform contamination with the HACCP concept carried out in 10 drinking water depot in Pauh Subdistrict, Padang City through direct field observation and laboratory testing using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. The test point in this study is the raw water contained in the reservoir, the production water that will be sold to consumers and the drinking water will be consumed for 3 days in gallon. The test results showed hygiene and sanitation of drinking water depot and Total Coliform content had a negative and strong relationship (r = -0.750) means that the higher the hygiene and sanitation of drinking water depot, so the lower the Total Coliform content in drinking water. Based on the results of the hazard analysis which is the CCP point are the filter tube, UV light and gallon washing. Therefore, control measures so that the CCP point that exceeds the quality standard can be accepted are controlling the drinking water process and tightening hygiene and sanitation of drinking water depot employees.Â Keywords: Total Coliform, Drinking Water Depot , HACCP, Pauh Sub-dDistrict, hygiene sanitationÂ Â ABSTRAKÂ Â Total Coliform sebagai indikator pencemaran makanan atau minuman dapat menyebabkan penyakit bawaan makanan. Dalam proses produksi makanan dan minuman, kebersihan dan sanitasi yang menjadi bagian dari Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) adalah salah satu upaya untuk menghindari polusi pada proses produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengendalikan kontaminasi Total Coliform dengan konsep HACCP yang dilakukan di 10 depot air minum (DAMIU) di Kecamatan Pauh, Kota Padang melalui observasi lapangan langsung dan pengujian laboratorium menggunakan metode Most Probable Number (MPN). Titik uji dalam penelitian ini adalah air baku yang terkandung dalam reservoir, air produksi yang akan dijual kepada konsumen dan air minum akan dikonsumsi selama 3 hari dalam galon. Hasil tes menunjukkan kebersihan dan sanitasi depot air minum dan kandungan Total Coliform memiliki hubungan negatif dan kuat (r = -0,750) berarti semakin tinggi kebersihan dan sanitasi DAMIU, sehingga semakin rendah kandungan Total Coliform dalam air minum . Berdasarkan hasil analisis bahaya, yang merupakan titik CCP adalah tabung filter, sinar UV dan pencucian galon. Oleh karena itu, langkah-langkah pengendalian terhadap poin kritis yang menyebabkan tidak tercapainya standar kualitas, adalah dengan mengendalikan proses air minum dan memperketat kebersihan dan sanitasi karyawan DAMIU.Â Kata kunci: Total Coliform, DAMIU, HACCP, Kecamatan Pauh, sanitasi peroranganÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Pengolahan Limbah Cair Laundry Menggunakan Kombinasi Media Pasir Silika-Karbon Aktif-Manganese Greensand
Authors: Zahro Septi Fatimatus , Setyowati Rr. Diah Nugraheni , Nengse Sulistiya , Utama Teguh Taruna 
Published: September 2023

Laundry wastewater contains various kinds of contaminants, and high BOD5, COD, and phosphate. The wastewater laundry is directly disposed into sewerage without treatment. The results showed that BOD5, COD, TSS, phosphate, and pH parameters of laundry wastewater are 180.7 mg/L, 500.3 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 31.8 mg/L, and 8.3, respectively. One of the wastewater treatment methods is filtration. This research used multimedia filtration with three different media. There are three kinds of media which are silica sand, activated carbon, and manganese greensand. The purpose of this research was to find out the design of the reactor, to know the concentration of the test parameter before and after this processing, and to calculate the removal efficiency. The results showed that the reactor design measured 15x15x80 cm. On water quality before processing, there are three parameters that do not meet quality standards, and after processing all of the parameter tests do meet quality standards except phosphate. The best penyisihan efficiency for BOD5 test parameters was 68.56%, COD was 65.78%, TSS was 6.67%, phosphate was 16.35%, and pH was 12.04%. Further research is needed to know the saturation time of each filter media.Â Keywords: Laundry wastewater, filtration, silica sand, activated carbon, manganese greensandÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ABSTRAKAir limbah laundry mengandung berbagai macam kontaminan, dan BOD5, COD, dan fosfat yang tinggi. Air limbah cucian ini langsung dibuang ke saluran pembuangan tanpa pengolahan. Hasil pengecekan parameter BOD5, COD, TSS, fosfat, dan pH air limbah laundry adalah 180,7 mg/L, 500,3 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 31,8 mg/L, dan 8,3. Salah satu metode pengolahan air limbah adalah dengan penyaringan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan filtrasi multimedia dengan tiga media yang berbeda. Ada tiga macam media yaitu pasir silika, karbon aktif, dan manganese greensand. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui desain reaktor, mengetahui konsentrasi parameter uji sebelum dan sesudah pengolahan, serta menghitung efisiensi penyisihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain reaktor berukuran 15x15x80 cm. Pada kualitas air sebelum pengolahan ada tiga parameter yang tidak memenuhi baku mutu, dan setelah pengolahan semua parameter uji memenuhi baku mutu kecuali fosfat. Efisiensi penyisihan terbaik untuk parameter uji BOD5 adalah 68,56%, COD 65,78%, TSS 6,67%, fosfat 16,35%, dan pH 12,04%. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui waktu saturasi masing-masing media filter.Â Kata kunci: Air limbah laundry, filtrasi, pasir silika, karbon aktif, manganese greensandÂ