bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age and origin of a Guadalupian tuff in the E'Xi rift basin in South China: Evidence for the Emeishan continental hotspot track?
Authors: Li Minglong , Qiu Liang , Zheng Deshun , Yan Dan‐Ping , Zhang Youjun , Yang Boyong , Yang Mingyin , Cai Zhiyong , Xu Keyuan , Huang Qiang , Tian Wangxue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnlike oceanic hotspot tracks, continental hotspot tracks are difficult to recognise, although they can provide unique insights into crustal deformation and intraplate magmatism. Here, we present whole‐rock geochemical and Sr–Nd isotope, and zircon U–Pb age and Hf isotope data for a tuff from the E'Xi rift basin in the South China Block. The zircons yielded a 206Pb/238U age of 267.0 ± 2.0 Ma, which coincides with the Roadian–Wordian boundary. The whole‐rock geochemical and Sr–Nd isotope data for the tuff indicate it had a mixed mantle–crust source. The zircon trace element and εHf(t) (−6.32 to +7.06) data are also consistent with such a source. Based on the sedimentological and tectonic history, and the geochronology and geochemistry of the tuff, we propose the tuff erupted in a rift and records the hidden hotspot track of the Emeishan mantle plume beneath the northern SCB.
A socio‐historical analysis of English in Libya
Authors: Gherwash Ghada 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolitical instability has been a mainstay in Libya since the Italian occupation in 1911. In the intervening years, the shifting political landscape has had an undeniable influence on the presence of English in the country. In this paper, I argue that Libya presents an ideal case study for Kachru's Concentric Circles of English, where ‘linguistic ammunition’ (Kachru, 1986: 121) is used to manipulate and control the masses and spread anti‐Western sentiment in this expanding circle country. To provide a much‐needed socio‐historical context for a country whose English language and linguistic history remains understudied (Hillman et al., 2020), this paper touches on key events in Libya's political history that have influenced the status of English and language use; from the Italian colonization, to Qaddafi's decade‐long ban of English, to the 2011 Revolution, and beyond. This paper is divided into six sections: (1) critical approaches to language policy (Tollefson, 1991) and Foucault's governmentality approach (1991); (2) demographic and geographic description of Libya; (3) historical and political overview; (4) educational language policy and the development of the education system; (5) English language policy in Libya (the ban on use of English in 1986 following the 1969 coup that brought Qaddafi to power and the reintroduction of English in the mid‐1990s); and will conclude with (6) English language in post‐Qaddafi Libya. Understanding these key moments in Libyan political history will provide the context needed to understand how a generation of Libyans found themselves without the linguistic skills necessary to compete in the global economy.
Perfectoid Shimura varieties and the Calegari–Emerton conjectures
Authors: Hansen David , Johansson Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe prove many new cases of a conjecture of Calegari–Emerton describing the qualitative properties of completed cohomology. The heart of our argument is a careful inductive analysis of completed cohomology on the Borel–Serre boundary. As a key input to this induction, we prove a new perfectoidness result for towers of minimally compactified Shimura varieties, generalizing previous work of Scholze.
Characterizing the Effect of Sinusoidal Wall Amplitude on Turbulent Wall Jet Flow Parameters
Authors: Kumari Archana , Kumar Amitesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The influence of wavy wall amplitude on the turbulent wall jet flow parameters has been investigated experimentally. For the present study, a sinusoidal wavy wall (y=A* sin(ωx)) has been used where “A=Amp/a” is the amplitude, which is normalized by the nozzle height “a.” The amplitude of the wavy wall is varied as 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6, and the results are compared with the results of plane wall jet. The constant temperature anemometer (CTA) has been used for the measurement of flow by using a transverse mechanism. The results for the mean velocity profile, turbulent intensity, and power spectral density are plotted at the crest and trough separately for more clear discussions. From the velocity profile, it is noticed that the formation of self-similar profile is delayed as the amplitude increases from 0.2 to 0.6, which means flow takes longer time to develop. There is an increase in the local maximum streamwise velocity Umax at crests for increasing amplitude. At the first crest, the rise in Umax is maximum, i.e., Umax is increased by 26%, 37%, and 60% for the amplitudes 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6, respectively, with respect to the plane wall case. In the near flow field, the turbulent intensity also becomes larger for the higher amplitude, which shows higher intermixing of fluid within the jet. This paper also produces the benchmark results which can be used for the validation of the numerical model dealing with the turbulent wall jet flowing over a wavy surface.
Three-Dimensional Printed Diffraction Gratings Drop Coated by Different Resins and Their Mechanism
Authors: Hua Junyu , Shan Yujie , Wu Shaocheng , Mao Huachao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
3D-printed blocks with drop coating could work as diffraction gratings while the layer stepping serves as the grooves of the gratings. This paper reports 3D-printed diffraction gratings coated with different resins. A collimated laser with a wavelength of 520 nm passed through the gratings and generated diffraction patterns. Optical path differences and surface profiles of the samples were measured to analyze the mechanism of the diffraction phenomenon. The as-printed samples had a grating height of about 8 µm induced by layer stepping, which could not generate clear diffraction patterns because of too large optical path difference. After being coated with different resins on the surfaces, the printed samples generated diffraction patterns. We experimentally showed that the magnitude of optical path differences became close to the wavelength of the laser and that the diffraction phenomenon was mainly caused by the difference in the refractive indices between the as-printed part and the drop-coated part. This novel method enables low-cost 3D printers to fabricate diffractive optical elements for visible light.
Computational Modeling of an Aortic Medial Wall: Effect of Residual Stresses on a Mechanical Behavior of the Aortic Ring
Authors: Tamura Atsutaka , Matsumoto Koki , Hongu Jun-ichi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The aorta is the largest artery in an animal body and is an important organ in the pulsatile flow regulation from the left ventricle. The mechanical and structural characteristics of the aortic media, which are primarily composed of smooth muscle cell layers and elastic laminae (ELs), have profound effects on the physiology and pathophysiology of the aorta. However, many aspects of the aortic tissue remain unknown due to the inherent layered wall structure and the regionally varying residual stresses. This study aimed to computationally represent EL buckling in the aortic medial ring at the unloaded state and reproduce the transmural variation in residual stresses and EL waviness across the vascular wall. A multi-objective optimization technique was applied to a series of simulations with the “unit” structure to obtain an idealized stress distribution throughout the aortic wall thickness. Hence, an appropriate boundary condition given to an initial reference configuration of the aortic ring was successfully identified. As a result, the average “idealized” residual stresses of smooth muscle cell layer and EL were on the order of 20 and −80 kPa, respectively, while EL waviness was ∼1.01 in the unloaded state. Further, it was verified that the ring model with a radial cut will open spontaneously when the inner and outer layers of the medial wall are subjected to relative compressive and tensile residual stresses, respectively, in the unloaded state.
Maternal Physical Activity Patterns in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort: From Preconception to Postpartum
Authors: Tornquist Luciana , Tornquist Debora , Mielke Gregore Iven , da Silveira Mariângela Freitas , Hallal Pedro Curi , Domingues Marlos Rodrigues 
Published: August 2023

Background: Motherhood has been associated with reduced leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) levels. We aim to assess maternal LTPA patterns from preconception to 4 years postpartum. Methods: The study was developed with mothers from the Pelotas 2015 Birth Cohort, Southern Brazil (n = 4273). LTPA data were self-reported for preconception, antenatal, and 3, 12, 24, and 48 months postpartum. Information on LTPA referring to preconception (3 mo before pregnancy) and each gestational trimester was retrospectively collected in perinatal. The prevalence of active mothers was calculated according to recommendations (≥150 min/wk). We described changes in LTPA between follow-ups and estimated the probability of mothers being active according to previous LTPA. We used group-based trajectory analysis to identify patterns of LTPA throughout the follow-ups. Results: The prevalence of active mothers during leisure time decreased in pregnancy and postpartum compared with preconception. At 12 months postpartum, LTPA levels rose again, but at 48 months, the rates of active mothers still had not returned to preconception levels. Prior LTPA engagement was an important determinant of the maintenance of LTPA. Trajectory analysis identified 4 patterns of maternal LTPA, and ∼80% of mothers were allocated to the “always inactive” group. Higher education and income, working outside the home, multiple births, and participating in the PAMELA study intervention were associated with a higher probability of mothers not being included in this predominantly inactive group. Conclusions: Motherhood is associated with declining rates of women meeting physical activity recommendations during pregnancy and early postpartum.
Dengue virus serotypic replacement of NS3 protease or helicase domain causes chimeric viral attenuation but can be recovered by a compensated mutation at helicase domain or NS2B, respectively
Authors: Teramoto Tadahisa 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Mosquito-borne dengue viruses (DENVs) have evolved to four serotypes with 69%–78% amino acid identities, resulting in incomplete immunity, where one serotype’s infection does not cross-protect against secondary infections by other serotypes. Despite the amino acid differences, structural and nonstructural (NS) proteins among serotypes play similar functions. NS3 is an enzyme complex: NS3 has N-terminal protease (PRO) and C-terminal helicase (HEL) activities in addition to 5’ RNA triphosphatase (5’RTP), which is involved in the RNA capping process. In this study, the effects of NS3 replacements among serotypes were tested. The replacement of NS3 full-length (FULL), PRO or HEL region suppressed viral replication in BHK-21 mammalian cells, while the single compensatory mutation improved the viral replications; P364S mutation in HEL revived PRO (DENV3)-replaced DENV1, while S68T alteration in NS2B recovered HEL (DENV1)-replaced DENV2. The results suggest that the interactions between PRO and HEL as well as HEL and NS2B are required for replication competence. Lower-frequency mutations also appeared at various locations in viral proteins, although after infecting C6/36 mosquito cells, the mutations’ frequencies changed, and/or new mutations appeared. In contrast, the inter-domain region (INT, 12 amino acids)-replaced chimera quickly replicated without mutation in BHK-21 cells, although extended cell culture accumulated various mutations. These results suggest that NS3 variously interacts with DENV proteins, in which the chimeric NS3 domain replacements induced amino acid mutations, irrespective of replication efficiency. However, the viral sequences are further adjusted for replication efficiency, to fit in both mammalian cells and mosquito cells.

IMPORTANCE
Enzyme activities for replicating DENV 5’ cap positive (+) sense RNA have been shown to reside in NS3 and NS5. However, it remains unknown how these enzymes coordinately synthesize negative (-) sense RNA, from which abundant 5’ cap (+) sense RNA is produced. We previously revealed that NS5 dimerization and NS5 methyltransferase(MT)–NS3HEL interaction are important for DENV replication. Here, we found that replication incompetence due to NS3PRO or HEL replacement was compensated by a mutation at HEL or NS2B, respectively, suggesting that the interactions among NS2B, NS3PRO, and HEL are critical for DENV replication.
Genome sequences of 10 new carnation mottle virus variants
Authors: Breit Timo M. , de Leeuw Wim , van Olst Marina , Ensink Wim A. , van Leeuwen Selina , Jonker Martijs J. , Dekker Rob J. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Here, we report the genome sequences of 10 Carnation mottle virus variants. Six variants originated from a single proprietary carnation cultivar, and four were derived from four different proprietary cultivars. All variants showed nucleotide differences, but the last four did not show any variation at the amino acid level.
Complete genome sequence of
Mannheimia bovis
isolated from a healthy feedlot calf in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Deschner Darien , Periyasamy Dhinesh , Waldner Cheryl L. , Fernando Champika , Hill Janet E. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

A lack of whole genome sequences for
Mannheimia
spp. other than
Mannheimia haemolytica
complicates their identification. Here, we present the genome sequence of
Mannheimia bovis
39324.S-11, isolated from a healthy calf on a feedlot in Saskatchewan, Canada, and compare it to ZY190616
T
, which is currently the only other isolate of
M. bovis
for which sequence is publicly available.
Kimiltei Is a New Late Cambrian Lagerstätte with the Faunistic Complex of Arthropods (Euthycarcinoidae, Synziphosurina, and Chasmataspidida) in the Irkutsk Region
Authors: Naimark E. B. , Sizov A. V. , Khubanov V. B. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A new locality Kimiltei, Irkutsk oblast, where unmineralized remains of arthropods were buried en masse, is described. The U–Pb zircon dating yielded a Cambrian age with the youngest values of 492 ± 4 Ma. Kimiltei arthropods are represented by Chasmataspidida, Synziphosurina, and Euthycarcinoidea. The last two groups have not been known in the Siberian Platform, and the first one has been described in this area only from Devonian rocks. The Irkutsk findings are the most ancient representatives of their groups, and their distribution areas turn out to be wider than previously known. Their co-burial is noteworthy, because the representatives of these groups have never been found together before. Taking into account the fact that the descendants of all three groups gave rise to the terrestrial lines of chelicerates and insects, the Kimiltei assemblage is the entire fauna of the land arthropod ancestors. Their cohabitation is indicative of the fact that they started their expansion on land from some close ecological niches in the intertidal zone.
Are large prospective trials on antidepressants in mental disorders seeding trials? A descriptive study of trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Martineau Samuel , Cristea Ioana-Alina , Chevance Astrid , Fanelli Daniele , Naudet Florian 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThis descriptive study of registered trials aimed to identify large clinical trials on antidepressants for mental disorders: (1) to assess what proportion could be labelled as ‘seeding trials’ (trials for marketing purposes) and (2) to describe their methodological characteristics and outcomes.DesignA search was conducted across all trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov by drug name in March 2017.SettingAll trials registered in the database of ClinicalTrials.gov were screened. Large registered studies were received and studies focusing prospectively on the effects of antidepressants in mental health disorders. Specific data items were extracted automatically, and subsequently inspected, corrected and completed by hand.ParticipantsProspective studies were selected focusing on the effects of antidepressants in any mental health disorder with 800 participants or more planned for inclusion.Main outcome measuresThree members from the study team independently assessed the following ‘seeding trial’ characteristics in each registered study: a high level of involvement of the product manufacturer in the study design, in the data analysis and reporting of the study, an abnormally low ratio of patient numbers to study site, spin and/or omissions of clinically relevant findings in the abstracts, and conclusions that focused on secondary endpoints and surrogate markers. Secondary outcomes were the exploration of a functional outcome and suicidality.Results31 trials were identified from clinical trials database. 18/31 were published (58%). 8 of these 18 (44%) studies were identified as possible seeding trials. 13/31 (42%) large trials planned to explore functioning and 5/31 (16%) suicidality.ConclusionsLarge trials are rare in the field of antidepressant research. Some could be ‘seeding trials’. Few explored suicidality. Identifying seeding trials from incomplete data entries in registries, especially when almost half of the studies were still unpublished, posed considerable challenges. The delay between our research and publication limits the strength of our conclusions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017065591.
Web-based interventions to improve blood pressure control in patients with hypertension: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Bernardes Maria Leonor , Rosendo-Silva Beatriz , Rosendo Inês , Monteiro-Soares Matilde 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionHypertension is the major cause of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the world. Blood pressure control (BPC) is recognised as a key measure in the management of hypertension. Several studies have been conducted assessing the impact of specific web-based interventions in improving BPC. Our systematic review intends to identify all the available web-based interventions and determine if and which are more effective than usual care in improving BPC.Methods and analysisWe will include randomised control trials completed until April 2023 including patients diagnosed with hypertension comparing the effect of receiving usual care versus web-based interventions in BPC. No language restriction will be applied. We will start with an extensive electronic database search, in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, EU Clinical Trials Register, Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry and ClinicalTrials.gov. Eligibility criteria will be applied blindly and independently by two researchers to the title and abstract of the references, in the first stage, and to the full version of the ones selected. All divergences will be solved by a third researcher. We will conduct a narrative description and meta-analysis (if adequate) of the results of the included studies, structured according to the type of intervention, characteristics of the population and outcome measurement. We will extract features of the web-based interventions, selecting the ones with the best outcomes regarding BPC, to later propose an ideal web-based intervention to improve BPC in hypertensive patients and/or guide future research on this topic. The risk of bias will be assessed using Cochrane’s RoB2 Tool.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required since this is a protocol for a systematic review. The findings of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and national or international conference presentations. Updates of the review will be conducted, as necessary.PROSPERO registration numberPROSPERO CRD42020184166.
Is socioeconomic deprivation associated with worse quality of life, anxiety and depression in liver transplant recipients? A cross-sectional study in a national transplantation programme
Authors: Sgrò Alessandro , Cambridge William A , McLean Kenneth A , Drake Thomas M , Camilleri-Brennan Julian , Knight Stephen R , Pius Riinu , Wu Diana A , Wigmore Stephen J , Harrison Ewen M 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo identify whether socioeconomic deprivation is associated with worse health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), anxiety and depression following liver transplantation.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsLiver transplant recipients within a national transplantation programme.MethodsParticipants completed the condition-specific ‘Short Form of Liver Disease Quality of Life’ Questionnaire, the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The aggregate HR-QoL Score (range 0–100) was derived, and multivariable linear regression was performed based on sociodemographic and clinical variables to estimate its independent association with Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) quintiles. The GAD-7 Questionnaire and PHQ-9 were used to screen respondents for anxiety and depression, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate their independent association with SIMD quintiles.ResultsSome 331 patients completed the questionnaires. Quintiles were equally distributed in the cohort, with no significant differences observed in underlying patient characteristics. Following multivariable adjustment, greater socioeconomic deprivation was associated with lower post-transplantation HR-QoL scores, with a difference of 9.7 points (95% CI: 4.6 to 14.9, p<0.001) between the most and least deprived quintiles. Recipients living in areas of least deprivation were less likely to suffer from anxiety (OR 0.05, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.28, p=0.003) or depression (OR 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.56, p=0.009).ConclusionDespite the highly selected nature of liver transplant recipients, those living in the most deprived areas have a significantly lower HR-QoL and are more likely to suffer from anxiety and depression.