bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DFT-based computational investigations of structural, mechanical, optoelectronics, and thermoelectric properties of InXF3 (X = Be and Sr) ternary fluoroperovskites compounds
Authors: Husain Mudasser , Rahman Nasir , Sohail Mohammad , Khan Rajwali , Zaman Tahir , Neffati Riadh , Murtaza Ghulam , Azzouz-Rached Ahmed , Khan Aurangzeb 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Wide-band gap semiconductors are very interesting due to their high frequency applications. Perovskite have proved to be most stable structures useful for many applications e.g. solar cells detectors etc The current work is based on the prediction of two new materials (InXF3 where X = Be and Sr) for the use of high energy applications. The modelling and simulations were performed through the WIEN2K and BoltzTrap2 packages. The most accurate and precise exchange-correlation of TB-mBJ potential interfaced within WIEN2K is utilized for obtaining better results. The results showed that the selected compounds possess a cubic crystal structure with a space group of Pm-3m (#221). The Goldschmidt’s tolerance factor (τ) is determined and is found to be 0.96 for InBeF3 and 0.92 for InSrF3 which indicates the stability of the compounds in cubic phase. The unit cell crystal structural optimization is done to evaluate the ground state lattice parameters. Both the compounds possess a semiconducting nature having an indirect band gap of 3.06 eV for InBeF3 from M-X symmetry points while a direct band gap from X-X of 3.98 eV for InSrF3 compound. The optical properties are computed and analyzed from the optical dielectric function for both the compounds within the energy range of 0 eV to 40 eV and the results depict that these materials are more sensitive at higher energy range, possess high absorption and optical conductivity in good agreement with electronic band structure. Mechanically these compounds are stable, ductile, anisotropic, and hard to scratch. The thermoelectric properties are evaluated for InXF3 (X = Be and Sr) compounds up to a temperature range of 1000 K. This work can open new opportunities for further exploration in this field.
Infra-red deformation of the non-relativistic matter as an alternative for dark energy
Authors: Roushan M , Nozari K , Rashidi N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study some thermodynamic properties of the late time universe in the presence of a minimal measurable momentum/maximal length scale. With a minimal measurable momentum/maximal length scale as an infrared cutoff, it is possible to realize the late time cosmic speed up even with the standard non-relativistic matter as the Universe content. In this framework, we show that the cosmic effective entropy decreases with time and the specific heat capacity is negative in a constant volume. Both these interesting features are due to the presence of a minimal measurable momentum/maximal length scale that causes the positively accelerated expansion even with ordinary, non-relativistic matter.
Propagatory dynamics of electromagnetic drift waves in inhomogeneous spin degenerate compact objects plasmas
Authors: Ahmad Zulfiqar , Mushtaq A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A theoretical analysis is carried out to investigate the dynamics of electromagnetic drift modes in non-uniform spin quantum magnetoplasmas found in degenerate compact objects. General dispersion relations are derived using spin quantum hydrodynamic equations, Poisson equation, and Maxwell equation, with and without ion inertial effects. The effects of quantum spin magnetization, Bohm potential, and density inhomogeneity on the dispersion of electromagnetic drift modes are explored numerically. The advancing theoretical analysis demonstrated herein has strong correlations and consistencies with the dynamic growth of compact astrophysical objects and their surrounding atmospheres, such as black holes, white dwarfs, and dense molecular clouds.
Experimental generation and characterization of partially spatially coherent qubits
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Rao Sakshi , Kanseri Bhaskar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Partially spatially coherent qubits are more immune to turbulent atmospheric conditions than coherent qubits, which makes them excellent candidates for free-space quantum communication. In this article, we report the generation of partially spatially coherent qubits in a spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process using a Gaussian Schell model (GSM) pump beam. For this non-linear process, we demonstrate experimentally for the first time, the transfer of spatial coherence features of the pump (classical) to the biphotons (quantum) field. Also, the spatial profiles of partially coherent qubits generated in type-I and type-II non-collinear SPDC process are experimentally observed and multi-mode nature of partially coherent photons (qubit) is ascertained. These investigations pave the way toward the efficient generation of partially spatially coherent qubits with a tunable degree of spatial coherence, which lead to wide range of applications in frontier areas such as quantum cryptography, teleportation, imaging, and lithography.
Electromagnetically induced grating in azimuthal dependent three-level quantum dot system
Authors: Aslla-Quispe A P , Camacho-Orbegoso E W , Farfán-Latorre M , Lavilla-Condori W G , Madueño-Portilla R , Rodas-Guizado E , Carrión-Abollaneda R , Luján-Pérez D , Huamán-Romaní Y L , Garrido-Arismendis J J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Fraunhofer diffraction pattern in a three-level quantum dot nanostructure is examined. A probe light, a two-dimensional standing wave field, and a weak signal light are the three optical laser fields that the graphene quantum dot interacts with them. The Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of the probe transmitted light has been addressed under two different coupling situations, including when the weak signal light into an optical vortex beam and a plane wave. The Fraunhofer diffraction pattern becomes symmetric for plane wave coupling light, and the diffracted light can be adjusted by the relative phase between applied lights. However, using the orbital angular momentum of light, it is possible to obtain an asymmetric diffraction pattern for optical light. It has been discovered that in both instances, phase modulation of the probe light’s transmission function allows the probe energy to move from zero order to higher orders.
Optimization and first electronic implementation of the Constant-Fraction Time-Over-Threshold pulse shape discrimination method
Authors: Roy A. , Vartsky D. , Mor I. , Boiano C. , Brambilla S. , Riboldi S. , Cohen E.O. , Yehuda-Zada Y. , Beck A. , Arazi L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this contribution we report on further investigations of the recently-evaluated Constant-Fraction Time-over-Threshold (CF-ToT) method for neutron/gamma-ray Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD). The superiority of the CF-ToT PSD method over the constant-threshold (CT-ToT) method was previously demonstrated, down to low neutron energy thresholds of 100 keVee. Here, we report on a quantitative comparison between the traditionally used Charge Comparison (CC) method and the CF-ToT method using a stilbene scintillator coupled to a silicon photomultiplier, implementing an offline analysis of recorded fast-neutron and gamma-ray waveforms. An optimization of the constant fraction value indicates that a 20%-fraction yields the optimum figure-of-merit (FOM) and gamma-ray peak-to-valley (P/V) ratio. The results obtained for a particle energy threshold of 100 keVee (kilo electron Volt electron equivalent) show that the FOM and P/V values achieved with the CF-ToT method are superior to those obtained using the standard CC method. In addition, a first electronic implementation of the CF-ToT method was performed using simple circuitry suitable for multichannel architecture. Initial results obtained with this circuit prototype are presented.
Seasonal variation in molecular and physiological stress markers in Asian elephants
Authors: Ukonaho Susanna , Berger Vérane , Franco dos Santos Diogo J , Htut Win , Aung Htoo Htoo , Nyeing U Kyaw , Reichert Sophie , Lummaa Virpi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Free-living species exhibit seasonal variation in various life history traits, including vital rates such as birth and death patterns. Different physiological mechanisms are thought to underlie the expression of life history traits that contribute to lifetime fitness. However, although the broad impacts of seasonality on life history traits and trade-offs is well established in many systems, the exact physiological mechanisms responsible for driving differences within and between individuals are poorly understood. Among them, molecular and physiological stress pathways, such as stress hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and oxidative stress, have potential to mediate relationships between individual survival, reproduction and environmental seasonality. Here, we determine how different physiological markers of stress including faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs), heterophils/lymphocytes (H/L) ratio, two markers indicating oxidative balance including a marker of oxidative damage (reactive oxygen metabolites, ROM) and a marker of antioxidant defences (superoxide dismutase, SOD) and body weight vary in a large semi-captive population of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) exposed to extreme seasonality (e.g. elevated temperatures). Individuals showed higher FCM levels and H/L ratios during cold season, indicating increased stress, and the lowest FCM levels during monsoon season and H/L ratios during hot and dry season, but we found no pattern in oxidative stress (ROM and SOD) levels. Hot season also associated with a decline in body weight. The present study shows how different physiological parameters (FCM levels and H/L ratio), molecular (oxidative stress) and body condition vary with seasonal changes, and how these parameters might allow individuals to adapt to such variations. Our results on an endangered long-lived species are crucial in indicating the most productive timing for conservation efforts, predicting how individuals cope with environmental changes, and allow for a more accurate representation of how animal physiology operates in nature.
Effects of larval host and natural microsporidian infection on adult life history traits of the forest tent caterpillar (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)
Authors: Preti Flavio , Flaherty Leah , Evenden Maya L 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHost affiliation and entomopathogenic infections play a major role in shaping population dynamics of the forest tent caterpillar (FTC), Malacosoma disstria Hübner (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae). The effect of these individual factors has been studied, but it is unknown whether interactions between these factors significantly impact FTC life history traits. In the laboratory, we investigated a tritrophic interaction among larval diet, larval microsporidian infection, and FTC life history traits. Larvae were reared on foliage of trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx (Malpighiales: Salicaceae) or sugar maple, Acer saccharum Marshall (Sapindales: Sapindaceae), or an artificial diet. Natural levels of microsporidian infection were assessed through microscopy and categorized as none (0 spores), low (1–100 spores), or high (&gt;100 spores). Microsporidian infection and larval diet individually, but not interactively, impacted FTC life history traits. Moths with high infection had smaller wings, but infection did not increase the probability of wing malformations. Wings of FTC reared on fresh maple foliage were significantly smaller, had a higher probability of wing malformation, and a lower likelihood of cocoon production than FTC reared on other diets, but displayed higher overall survival. While microsporidian infection did not influence FTC-diet interactions, we provide further evidence on how these main effects may individually contribute to shaping FTC adult life history traits, and, ultimately, cyclical population dynamics. Future research should consider how larval mortality, distinct infection levels, and geographical source of FTC populations affect this tritrophic interaction.
Heart failure pharmacological treatments and outcomes in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Stolfo Davide , Lund Lars H , Sinagra Gianfranco , Lindberg Felix , Dahlström Ulf , Rosano Giuseppe , Savarese Gianluigi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Guideline recommendations for the treatment of heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) derive from small subgroups in post-hoc analyses of randomized trials.

Objectives
We investigated predictors of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors/angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (RASI/ARNI) and beta-blockers use, and the associations between these medications and mortality/morbidity in a large real-world cohort with HFmrEF.

Methods and results
Patients with HFmrEF (EF 40–49%) from the Swedish HF Registry were included. The associations between medications and cardiovascular (CV) mortality/HF hospitalization (HFH), and all-cause mortality were assessed through Cox regressions in a 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort. A positive control analysis was performed in patients with EF &lt; 40%, while a negative control outcome analysis had cancer-related hospitalization as endpoint. Of 12 421 patients with HFmrEF, 84% received RASI/ARNI and 88% beta-blockers. Shared-independent predictors of RASI/ARNI and beta-blockers use were younger age, being an outpatient, follow-up in specialty care, and hypertension. In the matched cohorts, use of both RASI/ARNI and beta-blocker use was separately associated with lower risk of CV mortality/HFH [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83–0.98 and HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74–0.90, respectively] and of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.69–0.81 and HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.72–0.87, respectively). Results were consistent at the positive control analysis, and there were no associations between treatment use and the negative control outcome.

Conclusions
RASI/ARNI and beta-blockers were extensively used in this large real-world cohort with HFmrEF. Their use was safe since associated with lower mortality and morbidity. Our findings confirm the real-world evidence from previous post-hoc analyses of trials, and represent a further call for implementing guideline recommendations.
Knowing Your Field Community: Elevating the Human Dimension in Ecological Research and Teaching
Authors: Bowser Gillian , Cid Carmen R 
Published: May 2023

Synopsis
Public health researchers have long been aware of the importance of defining the human community associated with research on environmental health initiatives. However, the field community’s human components where applied ecology research is conducted, e.g. diverse participants and perspectives, are often overlooked in environmental problem solving. We outline a framework for elevating the human dimension in defining the field community in applied ecology research and for teaching diverse undergraduate students the skills needed to address Anthropocene environmental concerns. We promote broadening participation and incorporating cultural and racial perspectives in ecology research planning, implementation, and teaching. We use the environmental research problem of concern to identify the diverse human community groups potentially connected to the problem and guide the strategies for incorporating their perspectives in the proposed research project. Which human community, whether local, ethnic, or visiting public community, affects the resource management strategy, i.e. people protect what they love, can change the outcomes of applied ecological research, as well as promote development of a diverse environmental workforce. Broadening participation and perspectives means that the people asking the research questions are also part of the social ecological community processes who choose which questions to pursue to manage the natural resources of the community. Here, we promote research and teaching practices that consider the long-standing multicultural connections to nature to allow all students to pursue their love of nature and its beauty in a safe, comfortable, and mentoring setting. We integrate current human diversity, equity, and inclusion-focused pedagogical knowledge into the Ecological Society of America-endorsed 4DEE multidimensional curricular framework. We provide a faculty action guide to engage and train diverse students in ecological practices that meet the needs of today’s environmental problem-solving workforce.
Multilevel quasi-Monte Carlo for random elliptic eigenvalue problems II: efficient algorithms and numerical results
Authors: Gilbert Alexander D , Scheichl Robert 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Stochastic partial differential equation (PDE) eigenvalue problems (EVPs) often arise in the field of uncertainty quantification, whereby one seeks to quantify the uncertainty in an eigenvalue, or its eigenfunction. In this paper, we present an efficient multilevel quasi-Monte Carlo (MLQMC) algorithm for computing the expectation of the smallest eigenvalue of an elliptic EVP with stochastic coefficients. Each sample evaluation requires the solution of a PDE EVP, and so tackling this problem in practice is notoriously computationally difficult. We speed up the approximation of this expectation in four ways: we use a multilevel variance reduction scheme to spread the work over a hierarchy of FE meshes and truncation dimensions; we use QMC methods to efficiently compute the expectations on each level; we exploit the smoothness in parameter space and reuse the eigenvector from a nearby QMC point to reduce the number of iterations of the eigensolver; and we utilize a two-grid discretization scheme to obtain the eigenvalue on the fine mesh with a single linear solve. The full error analysis of a basic MLQMC algorithm is given in the companion paper (Gilbert, A. D. & Scheichl, R. (2023) Multilevel quasi-Monte Carlo methods for random elliptic eigenvalue problems I: regularity and analysis. IMA J. Numer. Anal.), and so, in this paper, we focus on how to further improve the efficiency and provide theoretical justification for using nearby QMC points and two-grid methods. Numerical results are presented that show the efficiency of our algorithm, and also show that the four strategies we employ are complementary.
Cellular gp96 upregulates AFP expression by blocking NR5A2 SUMOylation and ubiquitination in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Qian Liyuan , Liang Zhentao , Wang Zihao , Wang Jiuru , Li Xin , Zhao Jingmin , Li Zihai , Chen Lizhao , Liu Yongai , Ju Ying , Li Changfei , Meng Songdong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most widely used biomarker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, a substantial proportion of HCC patients have either normal or marginally increased AFP levels in serum, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we provided in vitro and in vivo evidence that heat shock protein gp96 promoted AFP expression at the transcriptional level in HCC. NR5A2 was identified as a key transcription factor for the AFP gene, and its stability was enhanced by gp96. A further mechanistic study by co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down, and molecular docking showed gp96 and the SUMO E3 ligase RanBP2 competitively binding to NR5A2 at the sites spanning from aa 507 to aa 539. The binding of gp96 inhibited SUMOylation, ubiquitination, and subsequent degradation of NR5A2. In addition, clinical analysis of HCC patients indicated that gp96 expression in tumors was positively correlated with serum AFP levels. Therefore, our study uncovered a novel mechanism that gp96 regulates the stability of its client proteins by directly affecting their SUMOylation and ubiquitination. These findings will help in designing more accurate AFP-based HCC diagnosis and progression monitoring approaches.
A case of acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy variant of Guillain Barre syndrome and anaphylaxis reaction as a complication from hyaluronic acid breast enhancement from an unlicensed beautician
Authors: Ng Yuki Julius , Ling Aaron , Nam Loke Jian , Tylors Priscamy Siaman , Bin Maliki Aminnur Hafiz , Wan Ali Sharifah Ashrina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) as a complication of hyaluronic acid (HA) exposure is an extremely rare occurrence. We report a case of GBS, acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) variant, after a HA breast enhancement procedure. A 41-year-old lady underwent a HA breast enhancement procedure from an unlicensed beautician and developed anaphylaxis followed by bilateral breast abscess and neurological deficits involving both motor and sensory components. The AMSAN variant of GBS was diagnosed from the cytoalbuminologic dissociation and nerve conduction study. Her GBS and breast abscess were managed with plasmapheresis and bilateral mastectomy. In this case, GBS was highly suspected to be caused by HA with possible impurities. To the author’s knowledge, the association between HA and GBS has not been reported or known, and further studies are required to establish this association. To prevent mortality and morbidity, breast enhancement procedures should be performed by trained professionals with properly vetted products.
GlobULeS – V. UVIT/AstroSat studies of stellar populations in NGC 362: detection of blue lurkers in a globular cluster
Authors: Dattatrey Arvind K , Yadav R K S , Kumawat Gourav , Rani Sharmila , Singh Gaurav , Subramaniam Annapurni , Singh Ravi S 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of four blue lurkers with low- and extremely low mass white dwarf (ELM WD) companions in the Galactic globular cluster NGC 362 using AstroSat’s Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT). We analysed the multiwavelength spectral energy distribution (SED) of far-ultraviolet-bright main-sequence stars using data from the UVIT, Ultraviolet Optical Telescope, Gaia EDR3, and 2.2-m ESO/MPI telescopes. Two each of low-mass WDs and ELM WDs are found as companions for the four blue lurkers by the fitting of two-component SED models. The effective temperatures, radii, luminosities, and masses of two low-mass WDs are (35 000, 23 000) K, (0.04, 0.05) R⊙, (1.45, 0.22) L⊙, and (0.2, 0.2) M⊙, while the two ELM WDs are (14 750, 14 750) K, (0.09, 0.10) R⊙, (0.34, 0.40) L⊙, and (0.18, 0.18) M⊙, respectively. The position of blue lurkers within the cluster shows that they originated via the Case A/B mass-transfer mechanism in a low-density environment. This is the first detection of blue lurkers with low-mass WDs and ELM WDs as companions in a globular cluster. The companion’s cooling age is less than 4 Myr, which suggests that they were just recently formed. These binary systems might have originated due to the cluster’s recent core collapse.