bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MINDFULNESS AND CAREGIVING EXPERIENCE IN ADRD CAREGIVERS
Authors: Tolea Magdalena , Cohen Iris , Camacho Simone , Galvin James 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Mindfulness (being present in the moment without judgement) has been linked to greater caregiver emotional health. Recent mindfulness-based interventions report improved coping skills, mood, and reduced stress in dementia caregivers. In this cross-sectional study of 141 ADRD caregivers, we assessed whether the relationship between caregiver mindfulness and caregiver experience varies by caregiver gender, relationship to patient (spouse-vs-child), etiology (AD-vs-LBD), or stage (MCI-vs-dementia). A stratified univariate analytic approach was used. Four mindfulness parameters (AMPS scale) were used: global score (GS), decentering (F1), positive (F2), and negative emotional regulation (F3). Outcomes included positive and negative appraisals of caregiving (PANAC), preparedness, care confidence, and depression. GS was linked to positive outcomes in male (rPANAC+=0.32/p=0.005), spouse caregivers (rPANAC+)=0.32/p=0.006 ) of ADRD patients regardless of etiology (rPANAC+=0.31/p=0.013 for AD; rconfidence=0.31/p=0.036 for LBD) and stage (rPANAC+=0.33/p=0.010 and rpreparedness=0.38,/p=0.008 for MCI; rPANAC+=0.29/p=0.011 and rconfidence=0.31/p=0.007 for dementia). Inverse relationships were observed with negative outcomes in male (rPANAC-=-0.46/p=0.002 and rdepression=-0.41/p=0.005), spouse caregivers (rPANAC-=-0.25/p=0.035 and rdepression=-0.30/p=0.009) of AD patients (rPANAC-=-0.25/p=0.043 and rdepression=-0.33/p=0.009) in early stages (rdepression=-0.41/p=0.001). F2 contributed to most relationships, with F3 and F1 significant in some but not all caregiver groups. Specifically, male spouse caregivers of AD patients regardless of stage may benefit from full-scope (F1-F3) programs while those of LBD patients from programs focused on improving emotional regulation (F2-F3). Wives of AD and LBD patients may in turn benefit from programs to improve positive emotional regulation (F2). Findings suggest that tailoring mindfulness-based interventions to specific caregiver groups may be effective in improving caregiver experience and mood.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS LINKED TO OSTEOPOROSIS IN A POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY
Authors: Chrisco Kanya Godde , Courtney Margaret Gough , Roberts Josephine , Quintero Yadira 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Psychosocial disorders can stem from or have profound effects on one’s health, having been linked to many negative health outcomes. In this study, we hypothesize psychological disorders are associated with a higher risk osteoporosis diagnosis. Self-reported information from years 2012-2016 of the public-use, longitudinal cohort-based Health and Retirement Study, was evaluated from 11,716 American respondents aged 50-90 years old. The odds of scores on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CESD) scale, and broader psychological disorders (emotional, nervous, psychiatric) on osteoporosis diagnosis (outcome), were estimated with a logistic regression using survey weights, while controlling for sex, logged age, education level, race/ethnicity, family structure during childhood (number of adults), having thyroid disease, allostatic load, and body weight. A McFadden’s R2 (0.18) shows the model fits relatively well. The results demonstrate that as CESD score goes up, there is a 10% increase in odds (OR = 1.1, P &lt; 0.001) of an osteoporosis diagnosis. Similarly, if a respondent reported a doctor told them they had other psychological disorders, the odds of an osteoporosis diagnosis increased by 52% (OR = 1.52, P &lt; 0.001). It is unknown whether the components of broader psychological disorders are caused by decreased quality of life and/or other limitations from osteoporosis or if they contribute to bone health changes in this sample, or both. However, as CESD is a short-term measure (reflecting on the week prior) it is deduced to be as a result of a decreased quality of life associated with some cases of osteoporosis.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON SERVICE USAGE IN A RURAL “VILLAGE”
Authors: Cho Joonyoung , Dunkle Ruth , Tarr Julie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic disrupted service access and use for many older adults aging in place. This study focuses on understanding how a rural “Village”, where services are primarily provided by volunteers to older adults, adjusted to Covid-19. The sample is drawn from service users of at least one or more services between January and October 2020 (N=233). Survey and qualitative data were gathered via telephone-interview (N=80). This study examined (1) the impact of Covid-19 on service use and ability to stay at home, 2) services offered, and 3) changes to day to day life. In the sample, 53.75% is 80+ in age, 70% female, and 43.75% lived alone. 15% of respondents reported reduction in service used, 10% an increase, 65% no change, and 6.25% used no services. Some services such as rides to medical care, and grocery delivery increased, other services (e.g., caregiving) were reduced. 26.24% respondents believed that the organization’s services helped them stay at home during Covid-19. Other services were developed to better serve older adults such as phone reassurance and expansion of delivery of medication and food. Open ended responses identified how Covid-19 impacted day to day life. While many reported negative ways such as changing mental health perspectives and limiting medical care, others report life being more peaceful and providing time to enjoy nature. Findings provide an understanding that services while disrupted continued for one volunteer organization with some service users showing resilience in their day to day lives.
COVID-19 CASE AND MORTALITY RATES IN GREEN HOUSES AND TRADITIONAL NURSING HOMES IN NEW YORK STATE
Authors: Young Yuchi , Shayya Ashley , O'Grady Thomas , Chen Ya-Mei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction. Green Houses (GHs) have features that distinguish them from traditional nursing homes (NHs) including small size, home-like settings, humane model of care, and a sense of community. Literature shows these features have contributed to lower staff turnover, higher resident satisfaction, and lower COVID-19 case and mortality rates. Few studies use longitudinal data to quantify the differences between GHs and NHs by examining COVID-19 case and mortality rates. Methods. Nursing Home COVID-19 Data from CMS were used to compare case and mortality rates between GHs (n=4) and NHs (n=614) from 5/2020 to 1/2022. Case and mortality rates were calculated for GHs and NHs. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) of case and mortality rates were provided. Results. The preliminary results indicate GHs have lower COVID-19 case (3.76 vs. 6.8 per 1,000 resident weeks) and mortality rates (0.35 vs 1.21 per 1,000 resident weeks) compared to NHs. The IRR for COVID-19 cases is significantly higher in NHs compared to GHs (IRR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.55, 2.11), likewise, for mortality (IRR = 3.45; 95% CI 2.09, 5.75). Conclusions. The findings illuminate key differences in COVID-19 case and mortality rates among GHs and NHs. Factors such as GH size and their unique care model may contribute to the differences observed in COVID-19 case and mortality rates when compared to NHs. Future studies may include facility or resident characteristics in the study design.
APPLYING A COLLABORATIVE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO INCREASE COVID-19 VACCINE EQUITY, ACCESS, AND CONFIDENCE
Authors: Prendergast Alice , Fuller Kristi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the health and well-being of older adults, people with disabilities, and caregivers in myriad ways. Subgroups of these populations, particularly people of color, experience higher rates of infection and mortality from COVID-19, and are also at increased risk for social disconnection, depression, economic hardship, and a host of other adverse outcomes brought on or exacerbated by the pandemic. COVID-19 vaccines are effective in preventing serious illness and play an important role in protecting vulnerable groups, yet uptake varies considerably across communities and health disparities are growing. Researchers from the Georgia Health Policy Center conducted a mixed-methods study involving a literature review, secondary data analysis, and focus groups to gather information about drivers of vaccine hesitancy and inequity. The team partnered with a multiagency collaborative, branding firm, and subject matter experts to synthesize and apply findings in the development of a statewide, multichannel vaccine communications campaign. In this session, researchers will provide an overview of the study, highlight key findings, and discuss lessons learned throughout this complex, collaborative project.
COVID-19 CASES AND DEATHS IN NURSING HOMES: ROLE OF QUALITY IN MULTIPLE WAVES
Authors: Wang Xiaochuan , Castaneda Camilo Osorio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionally impacted nursing homes in the United States. As of February 2022, nursing homes have reported over 980,000 resident cases and nearly 150,000 resident deaths, accounting for a high share of total COVID-19 cases and deaths in the U.S. Earlier studies have identified various factors that relate to nursing homes’ vulnerability to COVID-19 (e.g., ownership status, facility size). Quality has a critical role in affecting nursing home COVID-19 outcomes. However, research on this topic has been relatively limited and inconsistent. Using publicly available data from CMS COVID-19 Nursing Home Dataset, Nursing Home Compare, Long-Term Care Focus, and The New York Times, this study examines the role of nursing home quality (e.g., infection control deficiency, quality of care deficiency, and five-star quality rating) on COVID-19 resident cases and deaths during multiple waves. Of the over 15,000 nursing homes examined, approximately 64% have had at least one infection control deficiency and 82% have had at least one quality of care deficiency during the two years preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from regression models indicate that the likelihood of having at least one case is more related to facility and resident characteristics (e.g., facility size, percentage of Medicaid residents) and environmental factors (e.g., county case rates) than quality indicators. Whereas the roles of quality on the odds of having resident deaths, and the magnitude of resident cases and deaths, are more consistent in the later waves of the pandemic. Implications for future research and practice will be discussed.
COMMUNICATION DURING COVID-19: A COMPARISON BETWEEN INSTITUTIONALIZED AND COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Dube Victoria , George Mollie , Hubner Sarah , Boron Julie Blaskewicz 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 has created communication and socialization challenges for many older adults (OAs) living in community or institutional settings (CECs, IECs respectively) and their essential contacts (ECs). An essential contact is someone who provides emotional, physical, and social support for an older adult. While social distancing measures have decreased the spread and infection rate, these measures have placed strain upon communication and socialization needed for wellbeing which may increase the risk of loneliness and subsequently depression, cognitive functioning, and mortality among OAs. This study compared how general, in-person, and distanced communication between CECs and IECs has changed due to COVID-19. Self-identified ECs to OAs (N=546) completed a Qualtrics questionnaire via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Respondents (Age Range: 19-77; Mean=44.3; SD=14.2) were generally female (54.8%), white (81.0%), and CECs (57.3%). Pearson chi-square was used to evaluate the association between EC and communication type. Phi and Cramer’s V were used to measure effect size. IECs were significantly more likely than CECs to report much less general (41.6% vs. 10.7; medium effect) and in-person (60.0% vs. 22.4%; medium effect) social interaction due to COVID-19. IECs were significantly more likely to report much more distanced communication than CECs (42.8% vs 5.2%; small effect). Overall, this suggests community dwelling OAs’ communication and socialization were less impacted by COVID-19 distancing than institutionalized OAs. Thus, institutionalized OAs may be at greater risk for negative effects of social distancing. Future efforts need to focus on prioritizing ways for institutionalized adults to communicate with their ECs if social distancing is needed.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHRONIC LUNG CONDITIONS AND COVID-19 MORTALITY AMONG 65+ IN CONNECTICUT AND RHODE ISLAND
Authors: Jansen Taylor , Lee Chae Man , Xu Shu , Su YanJhu , Silverstein Nina , Dugan Beth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older adults aged 65 and older have accounted for 81% of all deaths from COVID-19 in the US. Individuals with chronic lung diseases have higher risk for severe COVID-19 and death. The aim of this research is to examine the association between town-level rates of asthma and COPD and deaths from COVID-19 in 208 towns in Connecticut and Rhode Island. This study utilized data from multiple publicly available datasets: the public health departments of Connecticut and Rhode Island, the 2021 Connecticut and 2020 Rhode Island Healthy Aging Data Reports (www.healthyagingdatareports.org), and the Census Bureau’s 2014-2018 American Community Survey (ACS). A multi-step analysis was conducted to examine the association between town-level chronic lung conditions and COVID-19 mortality. Bivariate correlations and mapping found strong, positive associations between town-level asthma prevalence and COVID-19 mortality (rs [206] = 0.15; P = .03) and COPD prevalence and COVID-19 mortality (rs [206] = 0.15; P = .03). After controlling for town-level factors associated with chronic lung conditions and COVID-19 mortality, linear regression models did not find support for an association between chronic lung conditions and COVID-19 mortality. However, town-level factors like percentage of the 65+ African American population (β: 0.19, SE: 249.18, p= .02) and 65+ with low educational attainment (β: 0.45, SE: 278.98, p= .001) were significant predictors of COVID-19 mortality. This research adds to the current knowledge base that high rates of racial minorities and low education among the 65+ population are significant predictors of town level COVID-19 mortality.
UNDERSTANDING OLDER HEALTH CARE WORKERS’ BURNOUT DURING COVID-19
Authors: Woo Jihee , Engel Rafael 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The prolonged battle against the COVID-19 pandemic has left many health care workers physically, mentally, and emotionally exhausted, exacerbating burnout that was already endemic in the healthcare sector. Burnout places not only an individual's well-being but patient care at risk. In this study, we examine protective and risk factors contributing to burnout specifically among older health care workers during COVID-19. We address these questions using data collected from an online survey conducted on health care workers employed at hospitals in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in February 2022. Health care workers ages 50 and older (n=165) –a subset of surveyed health care workers– were included in the analytic sample. Participants were asked a series of questions about burnout, mental health, workplace stressors, intent to leave the job, and demographics. Participants were predominantly female (88%) and white (91%) with a mean age of 57.2 years. Almost 70% were registered nurses and the remaining were service, clerical, and technical workers; the mean years of work experience was 21.5 years. Most participants (77%) experienced moderate levels of burnout. Preliminary regression analysis suggests that perceived inadequate staffing (β=2.12, p&lt;.001) and workplace discrimination (β=1.23, p=.001) were positively associated with burnout while job autonomy (β=-1.77, p&lt;.05) and schedule flexibility (β=-.2.09, p=.001) were negatively associated with burnout. Burnout was in turn positively associated with depression, anxiety, and intent to leave the job. These findings demonstrate the need for workplace support to address older health care workers’ burnout, better accommodate their needs, and keep them safe and healthy in their jobs.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MORTALITY IN ADULTS 85 YEARS AND OLDER HOSPITALIZED WITH SARS-COV-2
Authors: Danesh Valerie , Cho Jinmyoung , Tecson Kristen , Stevens Alan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) places older adults at increased risk of hospitalization and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To date, research and regulatory data describe adults 65 years and older, with few reporting on characteristics specific to older adults 85 and older (“oldest-old”). A consecutive 12-month case series including 1,510 oldest-old patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 is presented to describe clinical characteristics, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) utilization and in-hospital mortality from 26 urban, suburban and rural-serving hospitals in an integrated health system in Texas. Known predictors of poor prognosis in COVID-19 include older age, male sex, metabolic risk factors (dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes) and respiratory failure requiring oxygen support. Compared with hospitalized patients &lt; 85 years, oldest-old patients more often had 4+ chronic conditions (31% vs 12%, p&lt; 0.0001), but less often had metabolic risk factors associated with increased risk for mechanical ventilation and mortality. Specifically, diabetes prevalence was similar between age groups (27% oldest-old vs 30%, NS), while obesity prevalence was lower (18% oldest-old vs 55%, p&lt; 0.0001). Oxygen support requirements were largely similar to the general population, with 4 of 5 hospitalized patients requiring oxygenation support. Of 1,510 oldest-old patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2, 269 (18%) required admission to an ICU, 1,206 (80%) required oxygen support, and 1,221 (81%) survived. Following hospitalization, 78% required supportive care, including hospice (15%). Hospitalization characteristics across the lifespan suggest an accelerated and compounded need for ICU recovery and post-hospitalization rehabilitation attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic.
SHARED DECISION-MAKING WITH COST INFORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF AGE-FRIENDLY CARE
Authors: Iny Nicole 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The proposed poster session will explore shared decision making—the patient-clinician communication to decide on tests, treatment and care based on clinical evidence, balancing risks and outcomes with patient and caregiver preferences and values—and how evidence-based strategies, such as shared decision-making tools, or decision aids, can support older adults and their caregivers/care partners as they navigate the healthcare system. Notably, the session will share findings from FAIR Health’s grant-funded initiatives to advance shared decision making through decision aids, which combine clinical and cost information for specific clinical scenarios, and are freely available for consumers on fairhealthconsumer.org and for healthcare providers on fairhealthprovider.org. As such, the session will offer diverse perspectives and a unique spotlight on the financial and patient- and caregiver-centered aspects of healthcare decision making. Through FAIR Health’s needs assessment for a current project funded by The John A. Hartford Foundation, which has as its goal to advance shared decision making among older adults with serious illness and family caregivers, FAIR Health collected qualitative feedback from older patients, family caregivers and healthcare providers regarding perspectives on navigating the healthcare system. Through a national survey of older patients and family caregivers, FAIR Health found that: (1) though a significant proportion of older adults consider healthcare costs to be an important factor when making healthcare decisions, more than a third have difficulty getting such cost information; and (2) family caregivers/care partners expressed an appetite and need for healthcare information, resources and tools that facilitate better decisions about their care receiver’s care.
REAL-WORLD EFFECTIVENESS ENHANCED INFLUENZA VACCINES IN OLDER ADULTS DURING THREE CONSECUTIVE INFLUENZA SEASONS: 2017–2020
Authors: McGovern Ian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Unenhanced influenza vaccines often fail to elicit adequate immune responses in adults ≥65 years due to immunosenescence. Enhanced influenza vaccines, MF59-adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (aTIV) and high-dose vaccine (HD-TIV), were specifically developed to overcome this problem. The relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of aTIV vs HD-TIV and standard, egg-derived quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVe) was estimated in 3 retrospective cohort studies during the 2017-2020 US influenza seasons. Influenza-related medical encounters (IRMEs) were identified using diagnostic codes specific to influenza disease (ICD J09*-J11*) from a dataset that integrated electronic primary care medical records with pharmacy and medical claims. rVE was estimated using propensity score methods adjusting for variables including age, sex, race, ethnicity, geographic location, week of vaccination, frailty and health status. Subgroup analyses included specific age groups and those with high-risk medical conditions. aTIV demonstrated a consistent benefit over QIVe and HD-TIV across all three seasons in the overall study populations, and greater rVE versus QIVe was consistently observed over all three seasons in all age subgroups as well (65-74, 75-84, 85+). aIIV3 was comparable to HD-TIV and more effective than QIVe in a subgroup with high-risk medical conditions. These findings lend further support to the use of aTIV to prevent influenza-related medical encounters in older individuals.
REGIONAL VARIATION IN COVID-19 MITIGATION PRACTICES AMONG HOME- AND COMMUNITY-BASED LONG-TERM CARE PROVIDERS
Authors: Lendon Jessica , Caffrey Christine , Singh Priyanka , Lu Zhaohui , Manisha Sengupta 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Residential care communities (RCC) and adult day services centers (ADSC) were greatly impacted by COVID-19. As state-regulated home- and community-based care settings (HCBSs), they experienced changing regulations, outbreaks among care recipients and staff, and new challenges to safely provide services. Using a nationally representative sample of over 11,600 RCCs and census of nearly 5,500 ADSCs from the 2020 National Post-acute and Long-term Care Study, this study examined the prevalence and regional variation (p&lt;.05) of practices to mitigate COVID-19. Preliminary data show that most RCCs (87%) and ADSCs (72%) screened for symptoms. Most RCCs limited communal activities (83%) and ADSCs reduced hours or temporarily closed (73%). More RCCs used video telemedicine than audio-only (40% vs 34%) to assess, diagnose, or treat users. However, more ADSCs used audio-only than video telemedicine (25% vs 17%). Over 80% of all providers always or sometimes imposed in-person restrictions on family, visitors, volunteers, and non-essential services providers. More ADSCs in the Midwest (82%) and South (80%) screened symptoms than Northeast (68%) and more ADSCs in the Midwest (85%) limited hours/temporarily closed than Northeast (72%). More RCCs in the Midwest (43%) and South (41%) used video telemedicine than Northeast (36%); however, a lower percentage of ADSCs in the Midwest (9%) and South (12%) used video telemedicine than Northeast (25%). Results show a variety of experiences in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic among these two HCBSs. Practices to mitigate COVID-19 while continuing to provide needed services were common, with some differences across settings and US regions.