bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melting domain size and recrystallization dynamics of ice revealed by time-resolved x-ray scattering
Authors: Yang Cheolhee , Ladd-Parada Marjorie , Nam Kyeongmin , Jeong Sangmin , You Seonju , Späh Alexander , Pathak Harshad , Eklund Tobias , Lane Thomas J. , Lee Jae Hyuk , Eom Intae , Kim Minseok , Amann-Winkel Katrin , Perakis Fivos , Nilsson Anders , Kim Kyung Hwan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe phase transition between water and ice is ubiquitous and one of the most important phenomena in nature. Here, we performed time-resolved x-ray scattering experiments capturing the melting and recrystallization dynamics of ice. The ultrafast heating of ice I is induced by an IR laser pulse and probed with an intense x-ray pulse which provided us with direct structural information on different length scales. From the wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) patterns, the molten fraction, as well as the corresponding temperature at each delay, were determined. The small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns, together with the information extracted from the WAXS analysis, provided the time-dependent change of the size and the number of liquid domains. The results show partial melting (~13%) and superheating of ice occurring at around 20 ns. After 100 ns, the average size of the liquid domains grows from about 2.5 nm to 4.5 nm by the coalescence of approximately six adjacent domains. Subsequently, we capture the recrystallization of the liquid domains, which occurs on microsecond timescales due to the cooling by heat dissipation and results to a decrease of the average liquid domain size.
A highly sensitive strategy for monitoring real-time proliferation of targeted cell types in vivo
Authors: Sugawara Hiroto , Imai Junta , Yamamoto Junpei , Izumi Tomohito , Kawana Yohei , Endo Akira , Kohata Masato , Seike Junro , Kubo Haremaru , Komamura Hiroshi , Munakata Yuichiro , Asai Yoichiro , Hosaka Shinichiro , Sawada Shojiro , Kodama Shinjiro , Takahashi Kei , Kaneko Keizo , Katagiri Hideki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCell proliferation processes play pivotal roles in timely adaptation to many biological situations. Herein, we establish a highly sensitive and simple strategy by which time-series showing the proliferation of a targeted cell type can be quantitatively monitored in vivo in the same individuals. We generate mice expressing a secreted type of luciferase only in cells producing Cre under the control of the Ki67 promoter. Crossing these with tissue-specific Cre-expressing mice allows us to monitor the proliferation time course of pancreatic β-cells, which are few in number and weakly proliferative, by measuring plasma luciferase activity. Physiological time courses, during obesity development, pregnancy and juvenile growth, as well as diurnal variation, of β-cell proliferation, are clearly detected. Moreover, this strategy can be utilized for highly sensitive ex vivo screening for proliferative factors for targeted cells. Thus, these technologies may contribute to advancements in broad areas of biological and medical research.
A global genomic analysis of Salmonella Concord reveals lineages with high antimicrobial resistance in Ethiopia
Authors: Cuypers Wim L. , Meysman Pieter , Weill François-Xavier , Hendriksen Rene S. , Beyene Getenet , Wain John , Nair Satheesh , Chattaway Marie A. , Perez-Sepulveda Blanca M. , Ceyssens Pieter-Jan , de Block Tessa , Lee Winnie W. Y. , Pardos de la Gandara Maria , Kornschober Christian , Moran-Gilad Jacob , Veldman Kees T. , Cormican Martin , Torpdahl Mia , Fields Patricia I. , Černý Tomáš , Hardy Liselotte , Tack Bieke , Mellor Kate C. , Thomson Nicholas , Dougan Gordon , Deborggraeve Stijn , Jacobs Jan , Laukens Kris , Van Puyvelde Sandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Concord (S. Concord) is known to cause severe gastrointestinal and bloodstream infections in patients from Ethiopia and Ethiopian adoptees, and occasional records exist of S. Concord linked to other countries. The evolution and geographical distribution of S. Concord remained unclear. Here, we provide a genomic overview of the population structure and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of S. Concord by analysing genomes from 284 historical and contemporary isolates obtained between 1944 and 2022 across the globe. We demonstrate that S. Concord is a polyphyletic serovar distributed among three Salmonella super-lineages. Super-lineage A is composed of eight S. Concord lineages, of which four are associated with multiple countries and low levels of AMR. Other lineages are restricted to Ethiopia and horizontally acquired resistance to most antimicrobials used for treating invasive Salmonella infections in low- and middle-income countries. By reconstructing complete genomes for 10 representative strains, we demonstrate the presence of AMR markers integrated in structurally diverse IncHI2 and IncA/C2 plasmids, and/or the chromosome. Molecular surveillance of pathogens such as S. Concord supports the understanding of AMR and the multi-sector response to the global AMR threat. This study provides a comprehensive baseline data set essential for future molecular surveillance.
Enabling liquid crystal elastomers with tunable actuation temperature
Authors: Yao Yanjin , He Enjian , Xu Hongtu , Liu Yawen , Yang Zhijun , Wei Yen , Ji Yan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLiquid crystalline elastomers are regarded as a kind of desirable soft actuator material for soft robotics and other high-tech areas. The isotropization temperature (Ti) plays an important role as it determines the actuation temperature and other properties, which in turn has a great effect on their applications. In the past, the common physical methods (e.g. annealing) to tune Ti is not applicable to tune the actuation temperature. The new Ti obtained by annealing immediately goes back to the old one once it is heated to a temperature above Ti, while actuation needs a temperature higher than Ti. For a fully cross-linked LCE material, once it is synthesized, the actuation temperature is fixed. Accordingly, the actuation temperature can not be tuned unless the chemical structure is changed, which usually needs to start from the very beginning of the molecular design and material synthesis. Here, we found that different Ti achieved by annealing can be preserved by reversible reactions of dynamic covalent bonds in covalently adaptable LC networks including LC vitrimers. Thus, a variety of soft actuators with different actuation temperatures can be obtained from the same fully cross-linked LCE material. As the tuning of Ti is also reversible, the same actuator can be adjusted for applications with different actuation temperature requirements. Such tuning will also expand the application of LCEs.
Arylcarboxylation of unactivated alkenes with CO2 via visible-light photoredox catalysis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chen Zhen , Jiang Yuan-Xu , Liao Li-Li , Wang Wei , Ye Jian-Heng , Yu Da-Gang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhotocatalytic carboxylation of alkenes with CO2is a promising and sustainable strategy to synthesize high value-added carboxylic acids. However, it is challenging and rarely investigated for unactivated alkenes due to their low reactivities. Herein, we report a visible-light photoredox-catalyzed arylcarboxylation of unactivated alkenes with CO2, delivering a variety of tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ylacetic acids, indan-1-ylacetic acids, indolin-3-ylacetic acids, chroman-4-ylacetic acids and thiochroman-4-ylacetic acids in moderate-to-good yields. This reaction features high chemo- and regio-selectivities, mild reaction conditions (1 atm, room temperature), broad substrate scope, good functional group compatibility, easy scalability and facile derivatization of products. Mechanistic studies indicate that in situ generation of carbon dioxide radical anion and following radical addition to unactivated alkenes might be involved in the process.
Timing of antibiotic administration determines the spread of plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance during microbial range expansion
Authors: Ma Yinyin , Ramoneda Josep , Johnson David R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlasmids are the main vector by which antibiotic resistance is transferred between bacterial cells within surface-associated communities. In this study, we ask whether there is an optimal time to administer antibiotics to minimize plasmid spread in new bacterial genotypes during community expansion across surfaces. We address this question using consortia of Pseudomonas stutzeri strains, where one is an antibiotic resistance-encoding plasmid donor and the other a potential recipient. We allowed the strains to co-expand across a surface and administered antibiotics at different times. We find that plasmid transfer and transconjugant proliferation have unimodal relationships with the timing of antibiotic administration, where they reach maxima at intermediate times. These unimodal relationships result from the interplay between the probabilities of plasmid transfer and loss. Our study provides mechanistic insights into the transfer and proliferation of antibiotic resistance-encoding plasmids within microbial communities and identifies the timing of antibiotic administration as an important determinant.
Water usability as a descriptive parameter of thermodynamic properties and water mobility in food solids
Authors: Cui Tingting , Wu Xukai , Mou Tian , Fan Fanghui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA classic problem in preservation is the microbes can grow in low-moisture foods. In this paper, the water sorption, and thermodynamic properties of glucose/WPI solid matrices were measured, while their molecular mobility was analyzed and associated with the microbial growth of D. Hansenii at various aw and 30 °C. Although the sorption isotherms, Tg, and relaxation processes of studied matrices were affected by aw and WPI, the microbial growth showed highly dependent on water mobility rather than aw. Hence, we introduced water usability (Uw), derived from the mobility difference between system-involved water and liquid pure water explicating from the classical thermodynamic viewpoint, to describe the dynamic changes of water mobility in glucose/WPI matrices. Despite to aw, the yeast growth rate was enhanced at high Uw matrices concomitantly with a rapid cell doubling time. Therefore, the proposed Uw provides a better understanding of the water relationships of microorganisms in food preservation.
Detection of phosphates originating from Enceladus’s ocean
Authors: Postberg Frank , Sekine Yasuhito , Klenner Fabian , Glein Christopher R. , Zou Zenghui , Abel Bernd , Furuya Kento , Hillier Jon K. , Khawaja Nozair , Kempf Sascha , Noelle Lenz , Saito Takuya , Schmidt Juergen , Shibuya Takazo , Srama Ralf , Tan Shuya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSaturn’s moon Enceladus harbours a global1ice-covered water ocean2,3. The Cassini spacecraft investigated the composition of the ocean by analysis of material ejected into space by the moon’s cryovolcanic plume4–9. The analysis of salt-rich ice grains by Cassini’s Cosmic Dust Analyzer10enabled inference of major solutes in the ocean water (Na+, K+, Cl–, HCO3–, CO32–) and its alkaline pH3,11. Phosphorus, the least abundant of the bio-essential elements12–14, has not yet been detected in an ocean beyond Earth. Earlier geochemical modelling studies suggest that phosphate might be scarce in the ocean of Enceladus and other icy ocean worlds15,16. However, more recent modelling of mineral solubilities in Enceladus’s ocean indicates that phosphate could be relatively abundant17. Here we present Cassini’s Cosmic Dust Analyzer mass spectra of ice grains emitted by Enceladus that show the presence of sodium phosphates. Our observational results, together with laboratory analogue experiments, suggest that phosphorus is readily available in Enceladus’s ocean in the form of orthophosphates, with phosphorus concentrations at least 100-fold higher in the moon’s plume-forming ocean waters than in Earth’s oceans. Furthermore, geochemical experiments and modelling demonstrate that such high phosphate abundances could be achieved in Enceladus and possibly in other icy ocean worlds beyond the primordial CO2snowline, either at the cold seafloor or in hydrothermal environments with moderate temperatures. In both cases the main driver is probably the higher solubility of calcium phosphate minerals compared with calcium carbonate in moderately alkaline solutions rich in carbonate or bicarbonate ions.
Inference and reconstruction of the heimdallarchaeial ancestry of eukaryotes
Authors: Eme Laura , Tamarit Daniel , Caceres Eva F. , Stairs Courtney W. , De Anda Valerie , Schön Max E. , Seitz Kiley W. , Dombrowski Nina , Lewis William H. , Homa Felix , Saw Jimmy H. , Lombard Jonathan , Nunoura Takuro , Li Wen-Jun , Hua Zheng-Shuang , Chen Lin-Xing , Banfield Jillian F. , John Emily St , Reysenbach Anna-Louise , Stott Matthew B. , Schramm Andreas , Kjeldsen Kasper U. , Teske Andreas P. , Baker Brett J. , Ettema Thijs J. G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the ongoing debates about eukaryogenesis—the series of evolutionary events leading to the emergence of the eukaryotic cell from prokaryotic ancestors—members of the Asgard archaea play a key part as the closest archaeal relatives of eukaryotes1. However, the nature and phylogenetic identity of the last common ancestor of Asgard archaea and eukaryotes remain unresolved2–4. Here we analyse distinct phylogenetic marker datasets of an expanded genomic sampling of Asgard archaea and evaluate competing evolutionary scenarios using state-of-the-art phylogenomic approaches. We find that eukaryotes are placed, with high confidence, as a well-nested clade within Asgard archaea and as a sister lineage to Hodarchaeales, a newly proposed order within Heimdallarchaeia. Using sophisticated gene tree and species tree reconciliation approaches, we show that analogous to the evolution of eukaryotic genomes, genome evolution in Asgard archaea involved significantly more gene duplication and fewer gene loss events compared with other archaea. Finally, we infer that the last common ancestor of Asgard archaea was probably a thermophilic chemolithotroph and that the lineage from which eukaryotes evolved adapted to mesophilic conditions and acquired the genetic potential to support a heterotrophic lifestyle. Our work provides key insights into the prokaryote-to-eukaryote transition and a platform for better understanding the emergence of cellular complexity in eukaryotic cells.
An FSV analysis approach to verify the robustness of the triple-correlation analysis theoretical framework
Authors: Wu Robert M. X. , Zhang Zhongwu , Zhang Huan , Wang Yongwen , Shafiabady Niusha , Yan Wanjun , Gou Jinwen , Gide Ergun , Zhang Siqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmong all the gas disasters, gas concentration exceeding the threshold limit value (TLV) has been the leading cause of accidents. However, most systems still focus on exploring the methods and framework for avoiding reaching or exceeding TLV of the gas concentration from viewpoints of impacts on geological conditions and coal mining working-face elements. The previous study developed a Trip-Correlation Analysis Theoretical Framework and found strong correlations between gas and gas, gas and temperature, and gas and wind in the gas monitoring system. However, this framework's effectiveness must be examined to determine whether it might be adopted in other coal mine cases. This research aims to explore a proposed verification analysis approach—First-round—Second-round—Verification round (FSV) analysis approach to verify the robustness of the Trip-Correlation Analysis Theoretical Framework for developing a gas warning system. A mixed qualitative and quantitative research methodology is adopted, including a case study and correlational research. The results verify the robustness of the Triple-Correlation Analysis Theoretical Framework. The outcomes imply that this framework is potentially valuable for developing other warning systems. The proposed FSV approach can also be used to explore data patterns insightfully and offer new perspectives to develop warning systems for different industry applications.
Sex difference in the association of the triglyceride glucose index with obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Lu Ya-Wen , Tsai Chuan-Tsai , Chou Ruey-Hsin , Tsai Yi-Lin , Kuo Chin-Sung , Huang Po-Hsun , Lin Shing-Jong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInsulin resistance (IR) is associated with cardiovascular disease in non-diabetic patients. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, incorporating serum glucose and insulin concentrations, is a surrogate insulin resistance marker. We investigated its association with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and sex differences therein. Patients with stable angina pectoris requiring invasive coronary angiography between January 2010 and December 2018 were enrolled. They were divided into two groups according to TyG index. Two interventional cardiologists diagnosed obstructive CAD by angiography review. Demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between groups. Relative to lower index, patients with higher (≥ 8.60) TyG index had higher BMIs and more prevalent hypertension, diabetes, and elevated lipid profiles [total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG)]. Higher TyG index increased women’s obstructive CAD risk after multivariate adjustment (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.15, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08–4.26, p = 0.02) in non-diabetic populations compared with men. No sex difference was found for diabetic patients. Higher TyG index significantly increased the obstructive CAD risk, overall and for non-diabetic women. Larger-scale studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Geoeffective interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) from in situ data: realistic versus idealized spiral IMF
Authors: Bandić Mario , Verbanac Giuliana , Živković Slaviša 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe geoeffective, southward IMF ($$B_\text {s}$$Bs) given in the GSM reference frame as nature presents is compared with that based on idealized, spiral IMF. We obtained$$B_\text {s}$$Bsand$$B_\text {s}$$Bssorted by the IMF polarity ($$B_\text {s}$$Bsfields) from in situ data at a high 16-second resolution. Idealized IMF is derived by omitting the fluctuation of the IMF in the GSEQ Z-direction. Results are: the absolute value of realistic$$B_\text {s}$$Bsis larger than the one from idealized IMF; realistic$$B_\text {s}$$Bspolarity fields exist in all seasons, while those from idealized IMF exist only around spring/fall when the IMF points toward/away from the Sun; idealized$$B_\text {s}$$Bsfields match the predictions of the Russell–McPherron (RM) model almost ideally. The present study has resolved the issue related to the patterns and absolute values of the observed$$B_\text {s}$$Bsfields and those from the RM model that assumes an idealized IMF. It confirms that$$B_{z,\text {GSEQ}}$$Bz,GSEQplays a crucial role for$$B_\text {s}$$Bs. Finally, it paves a way to properly link the variations seen in geomagnetic activity with the pattern of the measured$$B_\text {s}$$Bsfields.
Human stability assessment and fall detection based on dynamic descriptors
Authors: Gutiérrez Jesús , Martin Sergio , Rodriguez Victor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFall detection systems use a number of different technologies to achieve their goals. This way, they contribute to better life conditions for the elderly community. The artificial vision is one of these technologies and, within this field, it has gained momentum over the course of the last few years as a consequence of the incorporation of different artificial neural networks (ANN's). These ANN's share a common characteristic, they are used to extract descriptors from images and video clips that, properly processed, will determine whether a fall has taken place.These descriptors, which capture kinematic features associated with the fall, are inferred from datasets recorded by young volunteers or actors who simulate falls. Systems based on this concept offer excellent performances in tests which use that kind of datasets. However, given the well‐documented differences between these falls and the real ones, concerns about system performances when processing falls of elderly people are raised.This work implements an alternative approach to the classical use of kinematic descriptors. To do it, for the first time to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the authors propose the introduction of human dynamic stability descriptors used in other fields to determine whether a fall has taken place. These descriptors approach the human body in terms of balance and stability; this way, differences between real and simulated falls become irrelevant, as all falls are a direct result of fails in the continuous effort of the body to keep balance, regardless of other considerations. The descriptors are determined by using the information provided by a neural network able to estimate the body centre of mass and the feet projections onto the ground plane, as well as the feet contact status.The theory behind this new approach and its validity is studied in this article with very promising results, as it is able to match or over exceed the performances of previous systems using kinematic descriptors employing available data and, given the independence of this approach from the conditions of the fall, it has the potential to have a better behaviour than classic systems when facing falls of elderly people.
Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Patil Vasundhara , Nazneen Jeba , Rai Pranjal , Agarwal Ujjwal , Mahajan Abhishek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMelanotic neuroectodermal tumors of infancy are rare pigmented neuroectodermal locally aggressive tumors that usually occur within 1 year of life. Head and neck areas are frequently involved with maxilla being the most common site. Expansile growth and high recurrence rate are characteristics of this cancer. Though rare, radiologists and clinicians must be aware and should consider this entity when diagnosing pediatric head and neck masses. Computed tomography can be used for diagnosing and looking at the extent of the disease and predicting the operative outcome. Surgery with wide resection margin is the mainstay of treatment for these masses. Surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation is reserved for aggressive malignant lesions. Since it has a high recurrence rate, follow-up is done with imaging and clinical examination. Early detection and treatment of recurrence have a favorable outcome for the patients.
ChatGPT—Preliminary Overview with Implications for Medicine and Oncology
Authors: Parikh Purvish M. , Shah Dinesh M. , Parikh Urvish G. , Venniyoor Ajit , Babu Govind , Garg Apurva , Malhotra Hemant 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis review provides an overview about the OpenAI system's natural language chat bot called ChatGPT. It focuses on the preliminary assessment of its unique features, advantages, limitations, role in manuscript writing, value in oncology, and future implications.