bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF THE WATER EXTRACT FROM TERMINALIA CHEBULA REZT.
Authors: Sireeratawong Seewaboon , Jaijoy Kanjana , Khonsung Parirat , Soonthornchareonnon Noppamas 
Published: June 2023

Background: In ayurvedic and Thai traditional medicine, the fruit of T. chebula is useful in arthritic disorders, inflammation, tumor, pains, chronic and recurrent fever. The study investigated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in animal models.
Materials and methods: The water extract of T. chebula fruit was prepared and pain induced in mice by 0.1% formalin, before testing for the analgesic activity of the extract. The anti-inflammatory study was conducted in rats using four experimental models; ethyl phenylpropiolate or arachidonic acid-induced ear edema, carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation.
Results: The T. chebula extract decreased licking times in mice injected with 0.1% formalin in both the early and late phases. Moreover, the extract inhibited rat ear edema induced by ethyl phenylpropiolate as well as in carrageenan-induced paw edema. In contrast, the extract did not have any inhibitory effect on arachidonic acid-induced ear edema in rats. The T. chebula extract did not reduce granuloma weight, body weight gain and thymus dry weight in cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation.
Conclusion: These results likely suggest that T. chebula water extract possess both analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The main mechanisms of action of T. chebula water extract may be due to the inhibitory effect on the synthesis and/or release of pain or inflammatory mediators
Thirty-Day Mortality and Complication Rates in Total Joint Arthroplasty After a Recent COVID-19 Diagnosis
Authors: Pincavitch Jami D. , Pisquiy John J. , Wen Sijin , Bryan Nicole , Ammons Jeffrey , Makwana Priyal , Dietz Matthew J. ,   on behalf of the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) Consortium
Published: June 2023

Background:
The risk of postoperative complications in patients who had a positive COVID-19 test prior to a total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to study the complications and mortality associated with a recent COVID-19 diagnosis prior to TJA.

Methods:
Patients undergoing primary and revision total hip arthroplasties (THAs) or total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) were identified using the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) Data Enclave. Patients were divided into a COVID-19-positive group (positive polymerase chain reaction [PCR] test, clinical diagnosis, or positive antibody test) and a COVID-19-negative group, and the time from diagnosis was noted. There was no differentiation between severity or acuity of illness available. The postoperative complications reviewed included venous thromboembolism, pneumonia, acute myocardial infarction, readmission rates, and 30-day mortality rates.

Results:
A total of 85,047 patients who underwent elective TJA were included in this study, and 3,516 patients (4.13%) had had a recent positive COVID-19 diagnosis. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at 2 weeks prior to TJA were at increased risk of pneumonia (odds ratio [OR], 2.46), acute myocardial infarction (OR, 2.90), sepsis within 90 days (OR, 2.63), and 30-day mortality (OR, 10.61).

Conclusions:
Patients with a recent COVID-19 diagnosis prior to TJA are at greater risk of postoperative complications including 30-day mortality. Our analysis presents critical data that should be considered prior to TJA in patients recently diagnosed with COVID-19.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Literature Review and Experimental Observations of the Effects of Salinity, Hardness, Lithology, and ATBS Content on HPAM Polymer Retention for the Milne Point Polymer Flood
Authors: S. Seright Randall , Wang Dongmei 
Published: June 2023

Summary
At the Milne Point polymer flood (North Slope of Alaska), polymer retention is dominated by the clay, illite. Illite, and kaolinite cause no delay in polymer propagation in Milne Point core material, but they reduce the effective polymer concentration and viscosity by a significant amount (e.g., 30%), thus reducing the efficiency of oil displacement until the full injected polymer concentration is regained [which requires several pore volumes (PVs) of throughput]. This work demonstrates that polymer retention on illite is not sensitive to monovalent ion concentration, but it increases significantly with increased divalent cation concentration. The incorporation of a small percentage of acrylamido tertiary butyl sulfonic acid (ATBS) monomers into hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) polymers is shown to dramatically reduce retention. The results are discussed in context with previous literature reports. Bridging adsorption was proposed as a viable mechanism to explain our results. Interestingly, an extensive literature review reveals that polymer retention (on sands and sandstones) is typically only modestly sensitive to the presence of oil. Extensive examination of the literature on inaccessible pore volume (IAPV) suggests the parameter was commonly substantially overestimated, especially in rock/sand more permeable than 500 md (which comprises the vast majority of existing field polymer floods).
Shifting from information- to experience-based climate change communication increases pro-environmental behavior
Authors: Plechatá Adéla , Hielkema Marijke , Merkl Lisa-Marie , Makransky Guido , Frøst Michael Bom 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To reach necessary greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions targets, behavioral change is necessary at the consumer level. Nevertheless, behavioral interventions have only a limited impact on habitual behaviors such as beef consumption, which significantly contributes to the GHGs released. Immersive virtual reality (VR) in the metaverse can transform the current information-based environmental communication into more experience-based communication. To study how such a shift might change its effectiveness, we randomly assigned N = 167 participants to a VR experience (experiencing and influencing climate change based on food choices) or a VR information condition (receiving the same information from a virtual human). The VR experience led to higher intentions to reduce meat consumption and more pro-environmental behavior in VR and real life than the information condition. Mediation analyses confirm that experiential VR environmental communication can increase people’s efficacy beliefs, which increase their intentions and, consequently, lead to a reduction in beef consumption.
Stability Analysis of the Ultra-high-speed Aerodynamically Alleviated Marine Vehicle in Waves
Authors: Song Yani , DU Xiaoxu , Hu Yuli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The ultra-high-speed aerodynamically alleviated marine vehicle (AAMV) is an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) with the advantages of fast speed, shallow draft, strong wind and wave resistance and long voyage, which fills the gap between high-speed aircrafts and low-speed surface vehicles. To explore the influence of waves on the motion characteristics of the ultra-highspeed AAMV, numerical research on stability of the ultra-high-speed AAMV at different speed and different sea states is carried out. The stability mathematical model of the ultra-high-speed AAMV is established based on the small disturbance linearization theory, and the stability of the vehicle is divided into longitudinal stability and lateral stability. Numerical results show that the ultra-high-speed AAMV shows good longitudinal and lateral stability at cruise speed. At the cruising phase, the pitch angle response, the roll angle response, and the heave response under sea state 5 are 0.210°, 0.0229° and 0.0734m, respectively. With the increase of speed, the aerodynamic force of the ultra-high-speed AAMV gradually increases, and the effect of aerodynamic alleviation is also enhanced accordingly, which greatly weakens the influence of waves on motions. The effect of aerodynamic alleviation can effectively improve the stability of the ultra-high-speed AAMV in waves.
The Effect of Social Frailty on Mental Health and Quality of Life in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: CÖMERTOĞLU EZGİ ODACI , OZTURK Yelda , HAFIZOGLU Merve , KAHYAOGLU Zeynep , CAVUSOGLU Cagatay , BALCI Cafer , DOGU Burcu Balam , HALIL Meltem , CANKURTARAN Mustafa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate anxiety, depression, loneliness, death anxiety, and quality of life and investigate their relationship with social frailty in the geriatric population. Additionally, it aimed to identify social frailty predictors.
Methods: The study included 136 participants admitted to the geriatric outpatient clinic. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G), the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (T-DAS), the Loneliness Scale for the Elderly (LSE), the Quality of Life Scale (CASP-19), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Test (GAD-7), the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), the FRAIL Scale, and the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) were performed.The TFI was used to collect data about social frailty.
Results: There were 61.8 % females, and the median age (min-max) was 72.2 (65.3-90.3) years. The prevalence rate of social frailty was 26.7%. The rates of depression, loneliness, anxiety, death anxiety, the burden of chronic disease, and frailty were higher in the social frailty group. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis revealed a strong relationship between social frailty status and being widowed (odds ratio (OR), 6.86; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 2.42-19.37; p<0.001), having moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (OR, 4.37; 95% CI, 1.08-17.68; p = 0.038), and a TFI-physical frailty score (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.12-1.73; p = 0.002).
Conclusion: As a result, the social dimension of frailty affects older adults' quality of life and psychological state. Physical frailty and sociodemographic characteristics (being widowed) predict the development of social frailty.
Species-specific progenitor sub-domain extends neurogenesis and increases human motor neuron production
Authors: Wichterle Hynek , Jang Sumin , Gunmit Elias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Neurogenesis lasts ~10 times longer in developing humans compared to mice, resulting in a >1000-fold increase in the number of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). To identify molecular and cellular mechanisms contributing to this difference, we studied human and mouse motor neurogenesis using a stem cell differentiation system that recapitulates species-specific scales of development. Comparison of human and mouse single-cell gene expression data identified human-specific progenitors characterized by co-expression of NKX2-2 and OLIG2, two transcription factors that are mutually exclusive during mouse motor neurogenesis. The same progenitor population has been reported in the human embryonic spinal cord1, 2, but its function remained controversial. Lineage tracing revealed that these cells give rise to spinal motor neurons. But unlike classical OLIG2+ motor neuron progenitors (pMNs) that give rise to two motor neurons each, OLIG2+/NKX2-2+ ventral motor neuron progenitors (vpMNs) remain cycling longer, leading to prolonged and expanded neurogenesis yielding ~5 times more motor neurons that preferentially contribute to the later-born FOXP1-expressing subtypes. NKX2-2 is a master regulator of this behavior as knockout of this transcription factor converts vpMNs into cells functioning as classical pMNs. In summary, increased production of human motor neurons relies on the emergence of a novel progenitor sub-domain, underscoring the diversity of developmental mechanisms employed to generate larger, more complex nervous systems.
Effects of bladder function exercise on preoperative localization of high-intensity focused ultrasound for uterine fibroids: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: sha liao , Yan Huang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the efficacy and safety of bladder function exercise in the preoperative localization of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation (HIFU) in patients with uterine fibroids.
Methods
From July to December 2021, 110 patients with uterine fibroids who needed preoperative localization of HIFU were included in the study. They were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group according to the random number table. The intervention group adopted the method of multiple drinking and holding up the urine combined with contracting the levator ani muscle. Patients in the control group drank water and urinated normally, without any other special method guidance and requirements.
Results
The success rates of preoperative localization and bladder deformation in the intervention group were better than the control group, and the utilization rate of the water sac was lower than the control group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of bladder irritation or bladder residual urine volume between the intervention and control group (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
The method of multiple drinking and holding up the urine combined with contracting the levator ani muscle can effectively improve the success rate of HIFU preoperative positioning in patients with uterine fibroids and it is safety.
Caspase-3 driven uterine apoptotic changes during arsenic intoxication attenuated by the n-butanol fraction of Moringa seed: interplay informatics of caspase-3 with glucomoringin vs. methyl glucosinolate
Authors: Jana Suryashis , Ghosh Angshita , Dey Arindam , Perveen Hasina , Maity Pikash Pratim , Maji Shilpa , CHATTOPADHYAY SANDIP 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background- Replacing invasive chelating therapy by non-invasive oral therapy against arsenic poisoning is indispensable because of the side effects of chelating agents. Aim- The present study was framed to achieve whether n-butanol fraction of Moringa oleifera seed (NB) could repair utero-damages following arsenisation. Methods- The arsenic-treated (10 mg/kg BW) rats received a dose of 50 mg/kg NB. The possible active components present in NB were investigated via HPLC-MS. Analysis of enzymatic antioxidants was accomplished by native gel electrophoresis. Pro and anti-inflammatory indicators were assessed by RT-PCR, and Western blot. ESR-α was detected via immunostaining. Results- Arsenicated rats showed significant augmentation in lipid peroxidation with decreased antioxidant enzymes activities which were considerably reversed by NB administration. Weak ESR-α expression along with distorted uterine histomorphology were retrieved by NB. Altered protein expression along with mRNA expression of inflammatory and apoptotic markers were also significantly recovered by NB. Molecular docking predicted that glucomoringin and methyl glucosinolate of Moringa interacts with the catalytic site of caspase-3 in the way of limiting its activity. Conclusion- NB was successful in restoring the arsenic-mediated uterine hypo-function. The glucomoringin and methyl glucosinolate presents in n-butanol fraction may play a critical role in limiting apoptotic event in arsenicated uterus.
Entropy production by dissipation effects and characteristic vortex evolution in a rocket turbopump
Authors: Li Deyou , Zhu Jiaqi , Zhang Ruiyi , Zhang Yi , Li Zhipeng , Wang Hongjie , Qin Yonglin , Ren Zhipeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The relationship between entropy production and vortex evolution involves the efficiency and stability of rotating machinery. This study investigates the energy characteristics of a rocket turbopump, revealing the correlated mechanisms of the entropy production rate using dissipation effects and characteristic vortex evolution. Direct and turbulent dissipations and rigid and shear vorticity decomposition methods are utilized to analyze the correlation analysis of flow loss and characteristic vorticities in rotating machinery for the first time. With an increase in flow rate, the hydraulic loss of the dissipation effects and wall decrease by 60% and 38.3%, and proportions to the input energy decrease (from 13% to 8%) and remain stable (8%), respectively. The local entropy production rate using direct dissipation (EPDD) in the inducer-impeller is strongly related to shear entropy, and the correlated effect of total enstrophy on EPDD is weaker than that of shear vorticity, indicating that rigid enstrophy suppresses direct dissipation. The correlation between turbulent dissipation and rigid enstrophy is significantly weaker in the static flow passage of a turbopump owing to a weak rigid rotational effect. The correlation between the rigid enstrophy and local entropy production rate using turbulent dissipation (EPTD) gradually increases with increasing flow rate, reaching a medium correlation (the maximal correlated degree in the turbopump) and exhibiting rigid rotation effects on hydraulic loss. Moreover, the flow rate significantly affects the correlation (except for the diffuser) and the two characteristic vorticities reach the maximum at the designed flow rate owing to optimal efficiency and minimum hydraulic loss.
A Multi-component Bioinformatics Study on the Construction of a Prognostic Signature of Genes Associated with Diverse Programmed Cell Death in Acute Leukemia and a Multi-perspective Mechanism Exploration
Authors: Tang Xuewu , Yan Zhiteng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the predictive value of diverse PCD related genes on the prognosis of AML patients and explore their roles in the development of AML and immunomodulatory therapy using bioinformatics methods.
Methods
We downloaded clinical and transcriptome sequencing data of AML patients from TCGA, GEO, and GTEX databases. Then, we obtained 12 PCD patterns related genes, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, intrinsic cell death, NETosis, dependent cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, intracellular alkalinization-induced cell death, and reactive oxygen species-induced cell death. We randomly divided the complete AML samples into training and validation sets. A machine learning algorithm was used to establish a 6-gene signature that quantifies the risk score of AML's cell programmed death (PCD-Risk). We validated the predictive performance of PCD-Risk in multiple databases. We determined the molecular subtypes associated with AML through unsupervised clustering analysis. We constructed a bar plot by combining PCD-Risk with clinical features. Additionally, we analyzed the correlation between PCD-Risk and immune checkpoint genes, tumor microenvironment components, and drug sensitivity.
Results
We successfully constructed a prognosis model consisting of 6 PCD-related genes using a machine learning algorithm and validated its predictive accuracy in multiple datasets. The PCD-Riskscore exhibited good predictive performance for AML patients, with an AUC value greater than 0.70 in both the training and validation sets and up to 0.85. We identified two AML-related molecular subtypes through unsupervised clustering analysis, which have different essential biological processes. We constructed a high-predictive bar plot by combining PCD-Risk with clinical features. Moreover, we analyzed the correlation between PCD-Risk and drug sensitivity. The results showed that high-risk scores were resistant to AML chemotherapy drugs (5-fluorouracil, dasatinib, cisplatin, docetaxel, imatinib, paclitaxel, mitoxantrone, olaparib, oxaliplatin, rapamycin, vincristine, and zoledronic acid). Therefore, drugs targeting these genes' regulation may be a potential therapeutic target for AML chemotherapy-resistant patients. Finally, through comprehensive analysis of the overall and single-cell transcriptome, we found that PCD-Riskscore is associated with immune checkpoint genes and tumor microenvironment components.
Conclusion
Our study comprehensively analyzed various PCD pattern-related genes and successfully constructed a new prognosis model that can predict AML patients' prognosis and drug sensitivity.
Creating a Novel Deep Learning Pipeline to Generate and Screen Molecules for Hormone-Positive Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Raisinghani Nishank 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
There has been a lot of research done into the implementation of neural networks in the bioinformatics space, specifically with respect to drug discovery. Although there have been many promising steps taken in this direction, there is still a large amount of research yet to be done in this field. In this paper, we design a novel architecture that aims to generate novel molecules that will treat hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer disease. These molecules are aimed to inhibit aromatase, CDK4, CDK6, PI3K, and mTOR proteins. To do this, we used a natural language processor based variational autoencoder. Our model is trained on the ZINC open-source dataset due to its library of 250k drug molecules. To generate our molecules we compiled a test set of about 68 molecules that were already proven to bind to our mentioned target proteins. To measure the initial viability of our generated molecules we used RDKit’s quantitative estimated drug-likeness score, which will help provide insight into the drug-likeness of our generated data. Supplementary models helped predict other properties of our generated molecules, specifically solubility, synthetic accessibility, and toxicity to further heighten our screening process. We used the AutoDock Vina framework to predict the Gibbs Free Energy Score between the molecule and the desired target enzymes. Our experimentation was able to expand and improve upon a previous solubility prediction architecture to procure more accurate results on both solubility and synthetic accessibility of molecules. The goal of our research is to develop a novel high-throughput process to generate and screen for hormone-positive breast cancer drug molecules that can be feasible in the real world. Since the drug discovery space is so large (approximately 1060 molecules), neural networks are a valuable tool to help cut down the time and cost it takes to find these molecules. Through our experimentation, we were able to add a novel improvement to a working VAE framework by refining certain layers of the network’s decoder, leading to the generation of three molecules that passed our screening process and have high viability to be successful in suppressing hormone-positive breast cancer tumor growth.
Structural maturation of myofilaments in engineered 3D cardiac microtissues characterized using small angle X-ray scattering
Authors: Javor Joshua , Ewoldt Jourdan , Zhernenkov Mikhail , Wasik Patryk , Freychet Guillaume , Lee Josh , Brown Dana , Chen Christopher , Bishop David , Dover Geoffrey van 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Understanding the structural and functional development of human-induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes is essential to engineering cardiac tissue that enables pharmaceutical testing, modeling diseases, and designing therapies. Here, we used a method not commonly applied to biological materials, small angle X-ray scattering to characterize the structural development of human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes within 3D engineered tissues during their preliminary stages of maturation. An innovative X-ray scattering experimental setup enabled the visualization of a systematic variation in the cardiomyocyte myofilament spacing with maturation time. The myofilament lattice spacing monotonically decreased as the tissue matured from its initial post-seeding state over the span of ten days. Visualization of the spacing at a grid of positions in the tissue provides a new approach to characterizing the maturation and organization of cardiomyocyte myofilaments and has the potential to help elucidate mechanisms of pathophysiology, disease progression, thereby stimulating new biological hypotheses in stem cell engineering.