bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of asymptomatic cutaneous lumbosacral findings in newborns: a neurosurgical perspective
Authors: Aby Janelle L. , Rocque Brandon G. , Loyal Jaspreet 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to find areas of agreement among pediatric neurosurgeons with respect to the clinical management of asymptomatic newborns with a variety of lumbosacral skin findings.

METHODS
An electronic survey containing 18 clinical images and brief vignettes was sent to pediatric neurosurgeons within the American Academy of Pediatrics Section of Neurological Surgery (AAP SONS). In total, 38% (n = 21) of AAP SONS members submitted complete responses to the survey. Respondents were asked if they would advise routine care, watchful waiting, imaging, or subspecialty consultation for each clinical case. Responses were categorized into two groups: 1) watchful waiting and/or routine care, or 2) imaging and/or subspecialty consultation. Consensus was categorized as good (> 90% of responses in the same group), modest (70%–90%), and poor (< 70%). Demographic information, local factors impacting management, and experiences with local referral patterns were also collected.

RESULTS
Among the pediatric neurosurgeons within the AAP SONS network, the authors found high levels (> 90%) of agreement that subcutaneous lipomas, faun tail nevi, large skin tags, and deep/atypical lumbosacral dimples in asymptomatic newborns should prompt an imaging study. Similarly, the authors found high agreement that simple coccygeal dimples do not need imaging. The management of some types of lumbosacral vascular marks and gluteal crease deviations had poor agreement (< 70%). When imaging was recommended, there was preference for spinal MRI in most cases (67%).

CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric neurosurgeons generally agree that imaging of the spine is indicated for asymptomatic newborns with subcutaneous lipomas, faun tail nevi, large skin tags, or deep/atypical lumbar dimples (deep or atypical appearing). They also agree that imaging is unnecessary for infants with simple coccygeal dimples. There was a notable lack of consensus on the appropriate management of certain gluteal cleft deviations and cutaneous vascular marks.
PEMBERDAYAAN MAHASISWA JURUSAN SYARIAH SEIRING DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN IPTEK DALAM MENYONGSONG ERA REFORMASI
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi 
Published: February 2023

Muslim students are expected to have ideals, commitment, and high integrity of religion and humanity. Therefore, to realize the Muslim’s personality as mentioned above, State Islamic College (STAIN) Kerinci has tried hard to make improvements and changes ranging from the very basic thing like formulate the vision and mission to the things that are physical development such as constructing of buildings, infrastructure facilities, and other facilities. There are many factors that can inhibit and disrupt the progress of learning, and often also the case of failure. These factors include endogen and exogenous factors. To resolve the learning problems, students’ empowerment is done to support the development of their learning Department of Syari'ah of State Islamic College (STAIN) Kerinci is empowering the students by doing the development of teaching materials, teaching, students affairs, and institutional. Mahasiswa muslim diharapkan mempunyai idealisme, komitmen dan integritas yang tinggi terhadap agama dan kemanusiaan. Karena itulah untuk mewujudkan pribadi muslim seperti yang disebutkan di atas, STAIN Kerinci telah berusaha keras dan melakukan upaya perbaikan dan perubahan mulai dari hal-hal yang sangat mendasar seperti merumuskan visi dan misi sampai pada hal-hal yang bersifat pembangunan fisik seperti pembangunan gedung, sarana prasarana dan fasilitas lainnya. Ada banyak faktor yang dapat menghambat dan mengganggu kemajuan belajar, bahkan sering juga terjadi suatu kegagalan. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain faktor indogen dan faktor eksogen. Dalam mengatasi masalah belajar dilakukan pemberdayaan terhdap mahasiswa untuk menunjang perkembangan belajar mahasiswa. Di Jurusan Syariah STAIN Kerinci dilakukan pengembangan bahan ajar, pembelajaran, kemahasiswaan dan kelembagaan untuk memberdayakan mahasiswa
Translating energy balance research from the bench to the clinic to the community: Parallel animal‐human studies in cancer
Authors: Garcia Miriam B. , Schadler Keri L. , Chandra Joya , Clinton Steven K. , Courneya Kerry S. , Cruz‐Monserrate Zobeida , Daniel Carrie R. , Dannenberg Andrew J. , Demark‐Wahnefried Wendy , Dewhirst Mark W. , Fabian Carol J. , Hursting Stephen D. , Irwin Melinda L. , Iyengar Neil M. , McQuade Jennifer L. , Schmitz Kathryn H. , Basen‐Engquist Karen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdvances in energy balance and cancer research to date have largely occurred in siloed work in rodents or patients. However, substantial benefit can be derived from parallel studies in which animal models inform the design of clinical and population studies or in which clinical observations become the basis for animal studies. The conference Translating Energy Balance from Bench to Communities: Application of Parallel Animal‐Human Studies in Cancer, held in July 2021, convened investigators from basic, translational/clinical, and population science research to share knowledge, examples of successful parallel studies, and strong research to move the field of energy balance and cancer toward practice changes. This review summarizes key topics discussed to advance research on the role of energy balance, including physical activity, body composition, and dietary intake, on cancer development, cancer outcomes, and healthy survivorship.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa dalam menyelesaikan Soal Cerita pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Rusdi Budi , Hairun Yahya , Bani Asmar 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Jenis penelitian kualitatif ini menunjukan 17 siswa sebagai sampel dan 3 siswa dengan kategori kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis tinggi, sedang, dan rendah sebagai subjek penelitian. Data kemampuan berpikir reflektif matematis siswa diperoleh melalui tes tertulis, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat 8 siswa (47,05%), dengan kualifikasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dalam kategori rendah, 5 siswa (29,41%) dengan kategori sedang, dan terdapat 4 siswa (23,52%), dengan kategori tinggi; 2) siswa dengan kategori tinggi dapat memahami masalah, menyusun rencana, dan pelaksanaan rencana sebagai dasar tercapainya indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis; 3) mahasiswa dengan kategori sedang belum dapat melaksanakan rencana pada materi SPLDV sebagai dasar tercapainya indikator ketiga kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis; 4) siswa dengan kategori rendah belum dapat memahami masalah dan melaksanakan rencana sebagai dasar tercapainya indikator kesatu dan ketiga kemampuan pemecahan masalahÂ matematis. Hal ini menunjukan siswa MTs Muhammadiyah Pabos Kabupaten Halmahera Barat telah memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Algıladıkları Sosyal Destek Düzeyleri ile Stres ve Stresle Baş Etme Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ZENGİN Mürşide , TAŞ Rumeysa 
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeyleri ile stres ve stresle baş etme davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirildi.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı desende yürütüldü. Araştırmanın verileri bir üniversitenin hemşirelik bölümünde 2021-2022 bahar yarıyılında öğrenim gören 254 öğrenci aracılığıyla yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin toplanmasında tanımlayıcı bilgi formu, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ), Hemşirelik Öğrencileri İçin Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (HÖASÖ) ve Hemşirelik Öğrencileri İçin Stresle Baş Etme Davranışları Ölçeği (HÖSBDÖ) kullanıldı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile ölçek puan ortalamalarının karşılaştırılmasında korelasyon analiz testleri uygulandı.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerinin yaş ortalamasının 20.72±1.85, %68.9’unun kadın, %55.1’inin gelir düzeyinin gidere eşit olduğu belirlendi. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %69.3’ü akademik başarı durumlarının orta olduğunu bildirdi. Araştırmada ölçek puan ortalamaları ÇBASDÖ, HÖASÖ ve HÖSBDÖ için sırasıyla 50.75±17.75, 59.59±24.35 ve 39.74±9.77 olarak saptandı. ÇBASDÖ ile HÖSBDÖ toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönde r=.207 düzeyinde ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edildi (p=0-001). HÖASÖ ile HÖSBDÖ toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönde r=.233 düzeyinde ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edildi (p=0.000).
Sonuç: Araştırmanın sonucunda öğrencilerin algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeyleri ile stresle baş etme davranışları arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulundu. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin algıladıkları yüksek stresle etkin baş etme stratejilerini kullanabilmeleri adına desteklenmeleri gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
The gastrointestinal antibiotic resistome in pediatric leukemia and lymphoma patients
Authors: MacDonald Tamara , Dunn Katherine A. , MacDonald Jane , Langille Morgan G.I. , Van Limbergen Johan E. , Bielawski Joseph P. , Kulkarni Ketan 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionMost children with leukemia and lymphoma experience febrile neutropenia. These are treated with empiric antibiotics that include β-lactams and/or vancomycin. These are often administered for extended periods, and the effect on the resistome is unknown.MethodsWe examined the impact of repeated courses and duration of antibiotic use on the resistome of 39 pediatric leukemia and lymphoma patients. Shotgun metagenome sequences from 127 stool samples of pediatric oncology patients were examined for abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in each sample. Abundances were grouped by repeated courses (no antibiotics, 1-2 courses, 3+ courses) and duration (no use, short duration, long and/or mixed durationg) of β-lactams, vancomycin and “any antibiotic” use. We assessed changes in both taxonomic composition and prevalence of ARGs among these groups.ResultsWe found that Bacteroidetes taxa and β-lactam resistance genes decreased, while opportunistic Firmicutes and Proteobacteria taxa, along with multidrug resistance genes, increased with repeated courses and/or duration of antibiotics. Efflux pump related genes predominated (92%) among the increased multidrug genes. While we found β-lactam ARGs present in the resistome, the taxa that appear to contain them were kept in check by antibiotic treatment. Multidrug ARGs, mostly efflux pumps or regulators of efflux pump genes, were associated with opportunistic pathogens, and both increased in the resistome with repeated antibiotic use and/or increased duration.ConclusionsGiven the strong association between opportunistic pathogens and multidrug-related efflux pumps, we suggest that drug efflux capacity might allow the opportunistic pathogens to persist or increase despite repeated courses and/or duration of antibiotics. While drug efflux is the most direct explanation, other mechanisms that enhance the ability of opportunistic pathogens to handle environmental stress, or other aspects of the treatment environment, could also contribute to their ability to flourish within the gut during treatment. Persistence of opportunistic pathogens in an already dysbiotic and weakened gastrointestinal tract could increase the likelihood of life-threatening blood borne infections. Of the 39 patients, 59% experienced at least one gastrointestinal or blood infection and 60% of bacteremia’s were bacteria found in stool samples. Antimicrobial stewardship and appropriate use and duration of antibiotics could help reduce morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.
Characteristics of the fecal microbiome and metabolome in older patients with heart failure and sarcopenia
Authors: Peng Jieting , Gong Hui , Lyu Xing , Liu Yang , Li Shizhen , Tan Shengyu , Dong Lini , Zhang Xiangyu 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundIncreasing evidence supports that gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of sarcopenia is increasing in patients with heart failure. Muscle wasting is an independent predictor of death in heart failure patients.AimsIn this study, we aimed to explore the characteristics of gut microbiota and metabolites in heart failure patients with or without sarcopenia.MethodsFecal samples of 33 heart failure patients without sarcopenia, 29 heart failure patients with sarcopenia, and 15 controls were collected. The intestinal microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and the metabolites were detected using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method.ResultsThere were significant differences in the overall microbial community structure and diversity between control and heart failure patients with or without sarcopenia. However, no clear clustering of samples was observed in heart failure with and without sarcopenia patients. Several bacterial, particularly Nocardiaceae, Pseudonocardiaceae, Alphaproteobacteria, and Slackia were significantly enriched in the heart failure patients without sarcopenia, while Synergistetes was more abundant in the heart failure patients with sarcopenia. Isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid were lower in heart failure patients with sarcopenia than that without sarcopenia but lacked significance.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that there are differences in the gut microbiota between control individuals and heart failure patients with or without sarcopenia. Modulating the gut microbiota may be a new target for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in heart failure patients.
Laser-activated irrigation: Cavitation and streaming effects from dental lasers
Authors: Anton y Otero Clara Isabel , Marger Laurine , Di Bella Enrico , Feilzer Albert , Krejci Ivo 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe aim of the present study was to assess the generation of laser-activated irrigation (LAI) with a 9,300-nm CO2 laser, a 455- and 970-nm diode laser, as well as an 810- and 980-nm diode laser with and without carbon-coated “hot tips” for improved irrigation in endodontics. Therefore, the formation of cavitation bubbles at the laser tip ends in different liquids was evaluated and compared with the traditionally applied Er:YAG laser.MethodsThe CO2 laser was applied at different power settings at a repetition rate of 14 Hz, SIROLASE for each wavelength at 10% Duty Cycle, and WISER with both wavelengths at different power settings and wavelengths. The LAI was videotaped with a high-speed camera. To measure the streaming velocity due to cavitation, all lasers were loosely coated with carbon particles and activated in pure water. Then, due to LAI, moving particles were videotaped with the same high-speed camera setup. To determine the streaming velocities, the movement of one carbon particle was tracked with the help of a measuring tool in ImageJP software and streaming velocities were calculated.ResultsWith both diode laser devices at four wavelengths, it was only possible to introduce clear cavitation bubbles with low-power parameters (180 mW for the SIROLASE and 200 mW average power for the WISER laser), with the black coating of the laser tips. The 9,300-nm CO2 laser produced clear cavitation bubbles with all tested parameters. Consequently, all tested lasers produced streaming of the liquid, with decreasing velocities at increasing distances from the laser tip: Er:YAG laser 6.4 m/s, CO2 laser up to 5 m/s, and diode lasers in the range of 0.01–0.09 m/s. LIA with the Er:YAG and 9,300-nm CO2 lasers generated high and similar streaming velocities. The diode lasers tested generated significantly lower streaming velocities.
Establishment and validation of a predictive nomogram for gestational diabetes mellitus during early pregnancy term: A retrospective study
Authors: Li Luman , Zhu Quan , Wang Zihan , Tao Yun , Liu Huanyu , Tang Fei , Liu Song-Mei , Zhang Yuanzhen 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to develop and evaluate a predictive nomogram for early assessment risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during early pregnancy term, so as to help early clinical management and intervention.MethodsA total of 824 pregnant women at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from 1 February 2020 to 30 April 2020 were enrolled in a retrospective observational study and comprised the training dataset. Routine clinical and laboratory information was collected; we applied least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and multivariate ROC risk analysis to determine significant predictors and establish the nomogram, and the early pregnancy files (gestational weeks 12–16, n = 392) at the same hospital were collected as a validation dataset. We evaluated the nomogram via the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, C-index, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsWe conducted LASSO analysis and multivariate regression to establish a GDM nomogram during the early pregnancy term; the five selected risk predictors are as follows: age, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr), and blood urea nitrogen-to-albumin ratio (BUN/ALB). The calibration curve and DCA present optimal predictive power. DCA demonstrates that the nomogram could be applied clinically.ConclusionAn effective nomogram that predicts GDM should be established in order to help clinical management and intervention at the early gestational stage.
A novel conditional survival nomogram for monitoring real-time prognosis of non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Meng Xiangdi , Cai Yuanyuan , Chang Xiaolong , Guo Yinghua 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundConditional survival (CS) is defined as the possibility of further survival after patients have survived for several years since diagnosis. This may be highly valuable for real-time prognostic monitoring, especially when considering individualized factors. Such prediction tools were lacking for non-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, this study estimated CS and developed a novel CS-nomogram for real-time prediction of 10-year survival.MethodsWe recruited 32,836 non-metastatic TNBC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010-2019), who were divided into training and validation groups according to a 7:3 ratio. The Kaplan-Meier method estimated overall survival (OS), and the CS was calculated using the formula CS(y|x) =OS(y+x)/OS(x), where OS(x) and OS(y+x) were the survival of x- and (x+y)-years, respectively. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression identified predictors to develop the CS-nomogram.ResultsCS analysis reported gradual improvement in real-time survival over time since diagnosis, with 10-year OS updated annually from an initial 69.9% to 72.8%, 78.1%, 83.0%, 87.0%, 90.3%, 93.0%, 95.0%, 97.0%, and 98.9% (after 1-9 years of survival, respectively). The LASSO regression identified age, marriage, race, T status, N status, chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy as predictors of CS-nomogram development. This model had a satisfactory predictive performance with a stable 10-year time-dependent area under the curves (AUCs) between 0.75 and 0.86.ConclusionsSurvival of non-metastatic TNBC survivors improved dynamically and non-linearly with survival time. The study developed a CS-nomogram that provided more accurate prognostic data than traditional nomograms, aiding clinical decision-making and reducing patient anxiety.
Investigating characteristics of the long-term settlement of railway embankments in warm permafrost areas
Authors: Xu Yuezhen , Shen Mingde , Zhou Zhiwei , Ma Wei , Li Guoyu , Chen Dun 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The embankment in the permafrost zone of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway (QTR) faces the problem of permafrost degradation, especially in the warm and ice-rich permafrost areas. The settlement deformation of the embankment is more serious in these areas.Methods: This study systematically investigates the settlement deformation characteristics during 16 operational years of three types of typical roadbed structures. The traditional embankment (TE), U-shaped crushed-rock embankment (UCRE), and crushed-rock revetment embankment (CRRE) are the roadbed structures. The long-term monitoring ground temperature and deformation data of the embankment section along the QTR in warm permafrost areas from 2005 to 2020 are utilized in analysis.Results and Discussion: This study focuses on the influence law of the roadbed structure form, shady–sunny slope effect, and temperature field change on the settlement of the roadbed. The results indicated that the two types of the crushed-rock embankment (CRE) of the long-term cumulative settlement are less than 50% of the cumulative settlement of the TE, and the impact on controlling the settlement is significant. The annual settlements of the three types of embankment structures are related to the artificial permafrost table (APT) and influenced by cyclical climate change at the regional scale. The annual growth rate of the settlement at the left and right shoulders of the UCRE as a result of the effect of the shady–sunny slope does not vary considerably as the number of operational years increases. The impact of the shady–sunny slope on the CRRE for the various settlements before 2008 was negligible. After 2008, the thermal disturbance to the embankment temperature field induced by the preconstruction and the effect of shady–sunny slopes decreased gradually as the number of operational years increased. In some years of operation, a thawed interlayer in the TE and CRRE greatly affected the embankment settlement acceleration. The settlement growth rate of the TE is related to the decline of the artificial permafrost table (APT). During the operational years, there was no thawed interlayer in the UCRE. The development of the settlement rate is unaffected by the temperature field for either the left or right embankment shoulder.