bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcomes for Individuals With Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Lewis Barbara A. , Miller Gabrielle J. , Iyengar Sudha K. , Stein Catherine , Benchek Penelope 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The study's primary aims were to describe the long-term speech outcomes for adolescents and young adults with a history of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) and to examine the association of persistent speech sound errors with measures of literacy skills, phonological processing, motor speech production, and parent report of early motor difficulty.

Method:

Data from a large longitudinal 25-year study were used to explore outcomes for 32 individuals with a history of CAS, ages 12;6 (years;months) to 25 years (
M
= 17.4,
SD
= 4.7). Persistent and nonpersistent groups were compared on decoding, phonological processing, multisyllabic word repetition, diadochokinetic rate, and parent report of motor involvement. Parametric (Welch's
t
tests) and nonparametric tests (Wilcoxon and Fisher exact tests) were used to identify differences between the groups' distributions. Developmental trajectories of speech production were plotted.

Results:
Outcomes for individuals with CAS are highly variable, with some demonstrating speech sound errors into adolescence and young adulthood. Speech sound errors were primarily on later developing sounds. Persistence was significantly associated with early motor difficulties. Difficulties with multisyllabic words, phonological processing, and literacy were often present regardless of persistence or nonpersistence of speech errors.

Conclusions:
Children with CAS are at risk for persistent speech sound errors into adulthood. For children showing limited progress with more traditional speech therapy, alternative interventions should be explored. Individuals with persistent speech sound errors are more likely to have a history of early motor deficits. Regardless of persistence, participants with CAS demonstrated ongoing weaknesses in literacy, phonological processing skills, and complex speech production tasks.
Cognitive-Communication Disorders and Neurodisability in the Criminal Justice System: Emerging Roles, Responsibilities, and Opportunities for Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Albin Maya , Wiseman-Hakes Catherine 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide a framework for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) supporting youth and adults in the criminal justice system (CJS) who have cognitive-communication disorders (CCDs) related to neurodisability.Method:We provide an overview of communication disorders and CCDs in the CJS as well as the underlying etiologies leading to neurodisability, with a primary focus on traumatic brain injury. Additionally, we provide a framework for understanding the underlying factors that contribute to criminalization and recidivism as well as elucidate the role of SLPs in the context of the CJS.Results:SLPs have an important role to play with youth and adults in the CJS and should be routinely involved in the screening of communication disorders; in the provision of assessments, intervention, education, and training; and in advocacy roles.Conclusion:The high prevalence of CCDs in the CJS affords a unique and important role for SLPs to be active members of the interdisciplinary justice team, which, ultimately, may improve outcomes and reduce the cycle of recidivism.
Effect of the passive damping plate on the vertical stability of permanent magnet electrodynamic suspension system
Authors: Luo Cheng , Zhang Kunlun , Zhang Huixian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe vertical stability of permanent magnet (PM) electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system with a passive damping plate is studied because of the well‐known under‐damped nature of the EDS suspension system. The passive damping plate is installed under the Halbach permanent magnet array. When the vehicle‐mounted Halbach array and passive damping plate move to cut the track conductive plate, the 2D eddy current force is derived by establishing equations of magnetic vector potentials and using the Maxwell stress tensor method. And a 2D finite‐element model (FEM) is built to validate the accuracy of the derived levitation force equation. Based on the derived levitation force equation, the vertical stability of the PM EDS system with a passive damping plate and the effects of the main parameters on the damping ratio are analysed.
An In Vitro Method to Quantitate Gaseous Microemboli Production of Bubble Oxygenators
Authors: Sakauye L. M. , Servas F. M. , O’Connor K. B. , Cottonaro C. 
Published: September 2023

An in vitro method to collect and quantify volumes of gaseous microemboli generated by a bubble oxygenator has been developed. Gaseous microemboli generated by a bubble oxygenator are captured and collected in a vortex separation test cell. The cells are pressurized and the resultant pressure changes are converted to volume gas readings using a standard calibration curve.
A doppler type ultrasonic detector and this new technique were compared in order to determine correlation between the two techniques. Results of this study indicate that the ultrasonic detector “counts” do not quantitatively relate to volume of air captured in the test cells. The placement of the ultrasonic detector within the circuit can alter its readings, e.g., proximity to turbulent areas caused by connectors or positive/negative pressure excursions due to the blood pump. Significant differences were noted when fresh, bovine blood with physiologically balanced gases were substituted for lactated Ringer's solution and 100% oxygen due to differences in bubble stability and saturation levels.
Based on these findings, the use of vortex collection cells can provide a more accurate profile of gaseous microemboli production by various cardiopulmonary devices. A circuit and procedure are described for this purpose.
Evaluation des Charlson Komorbiditätsindex als prognostisches
Hilfsmittel zur Einschätzung des Verlaufes von
Handinfektionen
Authors: Sorowka Anne , Grünewald Thomas , Kremer Thomas , Rein Susanne 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Zur prognostischen Analyse von Komorbiditäten wird der
Charlson Komorbiditätsindex (CCI) genutzt. Komorbiditäten,
insbesondere der Diabetes mellitus, sind ein entscheidender Einflussfaktor
für das Entstehen und den Verlauf von Infektionen der Hand. Ziel der
vorliegenden Studie war es, den CCI bei Patienten mit Handinfektionen zu
ermitteln, um zu prüfen, wie Komorbiditäten den Verlauf und die
Schwere von Handinfektionen beeinflussen.
Material und Methoden Neunzig Patienten mit operationsbedürftigen
Handinfektionen, jedoch ohne antibiotische Vorbehandlung, wurden prospektiv
untersucht. Der jeweilige CCI wurde bei stationärer Aufnahme bestimmt.
Eine Gesamtpunktzahl von null Punkten wurde als „niedriger“, ein
bis drei als „mittlerer“ und vier bis neun Punkte als
„hoher“ Index definiert. Das Alter, der CRP-Wert, sowie die
Dauer des stationären Aufenthaltes und die Anzahl der
durchgeführten Operationen wurden dokumentiert und statistisch
ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Der Median des CCI lag bei 0,5 Punkten bei einer Spannweite von
0–9 Punkten. Die häufigste Komorbidität war ein Diabetes
mellitus ohne Endorganschäden, gefolgt von der Herzinsuffizienz und
chronischen Lungenerkrankungen. Patienten mit einem niedrigen Gesamtpunktwert
(Median 51 Jahre) waren signifikant jünger als die mit einem mittleren
(Median 60 Jahre; p=0,018) oder hohem Wert (Median 66,5 Jahre;
p=0,018). Außerdem hatten die Probanden mit einem niedrigen oder
mittleren Score einen kürzeren stationären Aufenthalt (Median 6
vs. 11,5 Tage; pniedrig=0,003; pmittel=0,005),
benötigten weniger Operationen (Median 1 vs. 3 Operationen;
pniedrig=0,002; pmittel=0,003) und hatten einen niedrigeren
CRP-Wert (Median 8,3 mg/l vs. 7,1 mg/l vs.
86,25 mg/l; pniedrig=pmittel=0,001) als die mit
einem hohen Index. Der CCI korrelierte signifikant positiv mit dem Alter der
Probanden (Spearmans ρ=0,367; p<0,001), sowie der Dauer
des stationären Aufenthaltes (Spearmans ρ=0,261;
p=0,013), der Anzahl der Operationen (Spearmans ρ=0,219;
p=0,038) und dem CRP-Wert (Spearmans ρ=0,212;
p=0,045).
Schlussfolgerungen Der CCI ist ein geeignetes Hilfsmittel zur
prognostischen Einschätzung des Verlaufes und der Schwere von
Handinfektionen, insbesondere in Hinblick auf die Dauer des stationären
Aufenthaltes, der Anzahl der Operationen und die Höhe des
CRP-Wertes.
No Benefit of Robotic-Assisted over Computer-Assisted Surgery for Achieving Neutral Coronal Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Klasan Antonio , Anelli-Monti Victoria , Huber Stephanie , Zacherl Maximillian , Hofstaetter Jochen , Kammerlander Christian , Sadoghi Patrick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe use of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is becoming increasingly popular due to better precision, potentially superior outcomes and the ability to achieve alternative alignment strategies. The most commonly used alignment strategy with RAS is a modification of mechanical alignment (MA), labeled adjusted MA (aMA). This strategy allows slight joint line obliquity of the tibial component to achieve superior balancing. In the present study, we compared coronal alignment after TKA using RAS with aMA and computer-assisted surgery (CAS) with MA that has been the standard in the center for more than 10 years. We analyzed a prospectively collected database of patients undergoing TKA in a single center. Lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were compared for both techniques. In 140 patients, 68 CASs and 72 RASs, we observed no difference in postoperative measurements (median 90 degrees for all, LDFA p = 0.676, MPTA p = 0.947) and no difference in outliers <2 degrees (LDFA p = 0.540, MPTA p = 0.250). The present study demonstrates no benefit in eliminating outliers or achieving neutral alignment of both the femoral and the tibial components in robotic-assisted versus computer-assisted TKA if MA is the target. To utilize the precision of RAS, it is recommended to aim for more personalized alignment strategies. The level of evidence is level III retrospective study.
The Impact of Smoking on the Complications of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Rezqallah Raed Esttaifan , Alrubaie Abdulhadi L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction The pathophysiology of appendicitis likely stems from obstruction of the appendiceal orifice leading to an increase in intraluminal and intramural pressure, resulting in small vessel occlusion and lymphatic stasis. Organ supplied by an end artery, such as the appendix, are more prone to the deleterious effects of arterial occlusion. The continuous cigarette smoking might be associated with a greater risk for developing atherosclerosis.
Objectives The aim is to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on the incidence of complications of acute appendicitis.
Methods Patients suffered from symptoms and signs suggesting acute appendicitis were examined and investigated. a multiple items collecting data questionnaire including smoking status and exclusion of confounders were constructed. The complicated and non-complicated appendicitis were compared concerning their smoking status.
Results Seventy-two Patients were included in this study; the mean age of studied patients was 24.13 ± 9.1 years. The age of 57% of patients were below the mean age and considered as younger age group, while the remaining 43% of patients were equal or above the mean age which considered as older age group. Thirty-three percentage of patients had ≥ 36 hours prehospital delay and considered as delay group, while the remaining 67% of patients had < 36 hours prehospital delay which considered no delay group, males constitute 54% of studied patients. smokers constitute 29% while the remaining 71% of studied patients were nonsmokers, 61.9% of the smokers developed complications of appendicitis.
Conclusion Perforated acute appendicitis is higher among current tobacco smokers.
Temporary Stomas after Rectal Cancer Resection; Predilection of Being Permanent and Predictors of Complications?
Authors: Metwally Islam H. , Abdelkhalek Mohamed , Zuhdy Mohammad , Elbalka Saleh S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStomas are essential for colorectal surgery and are widely used not only for selected cases for bowel obstructions but also in rectal cancer operations to divert stool away from low rectal anastomosis. On the other hand, complications with stomas/ stomas reversal are not uncommon. In this study, we aimed at studying the frequency and the predictors of temporary stomas being permanent, and the contributing factors of surgical stoma/stoma closure related complications. In our cohort, only about 40% of the patient closed their initially planned temporary stomas. The occurrence of intestinal leak, wound sepsis, or any type of morbidity with 30 days of operation were significant predictors of permanent stomas. In addition, alarmingly although Hartmann's procedure was uncommon in our practice, only 9% of those who underwent Hartmann's have had it reversed. Moreover, the only factor that significantly increased stoma related complications was having an end colostomy. There was a tendency toward late closure of stomas with median 8.2 months, however early closure did not correlate to complications. In conclusion, further studies are needed to delineate the low rate of stoma closure. Patients who develop postoperative complications, even wound sepsis, would be at a higher risk of living with permanent stomas. Hartmann's procedures are commonly associated with stoma problems, and reluctance to reverse the stomas.
Twenty-four Hours Stay After Colorectal Surgery; A Systematic Review
Authors: Smalbroek Bo P. , Schuffel Inger-Lise , Weijs Teus J. , Dijksman Lea M. , Poelmann Floris B. , Wijffels Niels A.T. , Boerma Djamila , Smits Anke B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction The introduction of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery led to increasing twenty-four hours discharge pathways, for example in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and bariatric surgery. However, implementation in colorectal surgery still must set off. This systematic review assesses safety and feasibility of twenty-four hours discharge in colorectal surgery in terms of readmission and complications in current literature. Secondary outcome was identification of factors associated with success of twenty-four hours discharge.
Methods Pubmed and EMBASE databases were searched to identify studies investigating twenty-four hours discharge in colorectal surgery, without restriction of study type. Search strategy included keywords relating to ambulatory management and colorectal surgery. Studies were scored according to MINORS score.
Results Thirteen studies were included in this systematic review, consisting of six prospective and seven retrospective studies. Number of participants of the included prospective studies ranged from 5 to 157. Median success of discharge was 96% in the twenty-four hours discharge group. All prospective studies showed similar readmission and complication rates between twenty-four hours discharge and conventional postoperative management. Factors associated with success of twenty-four hours discharge were low ASA classification, younger age, minimally invasive approach, and relatively shorter operation time.
Conclusions Twenty-four hours discharge in colorectal surgery seems feasible and safe, based on retro- and prospective studies. Careful selection of patients and establishment of a clear and adequate protocol are key items to assure safety and feasibility. Results should be interpreted with caution, due to heterogeneity. To confirm results, an adequately powered prospective randomized study is needed.
Sampling Reflex as a New Manometric Marker in the Diagnosis of Defecation Disorders - Systematic Review
Authors: Schlenstein Henrique Perobelli , Silva Gabriel Thiago da , Caliman Gabriella Catharino , Andrade Izabella Dias Muniz de , Rodrigues Marina Silva , Vitoretti Matheus , Migliore Renato , Gentile João Kleber de Almeida 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Distension of the rectum wall and subsequent momentary relaxation of the internal anal sphincter (IAS) trigger a reflex called the rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR). This same rectal distension causes a reflex contraction of the external anal sphincter (EAS), responsible for conscious continence called rectoanal excitatory reflex (RAER). This set of reflexes are named sampling reflex.
Objectives The sampling reflex is necessary to initiate defecation or flatulence. The objective of this study is to evaluate the sampling reflex and its practical applicability as a manometric marker of the main defecation disorders.
Methodology This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) items. The development method consisted of searching for articles in the research platforms BVS, PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO and ScienceDirect and for the selection of articles the Rayyan Platform was used. The articles resulting from the search strategies were added to the platform and five collaborators were invited for the blind selection. Finally, 6 articles were included in the final review.
Results An intact sampling reflex allows the individual to facilitate discrimination between flatus and stool and to choose whether to discharge or retain rectal contents. On the other hand, an impaired sampling reflex can predispose an individual to incontinence.Therefore, it was observed that patients with defecation disorders had an impaired sampling reflex, since it was found that constipated patients have incomplete opening of the IAS, lower amplitude of RAIR and increase of RAER. Most incontinent patients present a failure in the recruitment of the EAS, a decrease in the RAER and an increase in the RAIR, in duration and amplitude.
Conclusion The improvement of high-resolution anorectal manometric techniques was essential for understanding the pathophysiology of defecation disorders, as well as the physiological understanding and importance of RAIR and RAER.
Clinical-Epidemiological Characterization of Human anal Papilloma Virus Infection Coloproctology Unit. Central University Hospital Dr. “Antonio Maria Pineda”
Authors: Mendoza Maria Antonieta , Dowling Enez Victoria , Izarra Henriquez Carla 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted viral diseases. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with the purpose of clinically and epidemiologically characterizing anal HPV infection in patients who attended the Benign Orificial Pathology Consultation of the Coloproctological Unit at the Dr. “Antonio María Pineda” Central University Hospital, during the period March 2022 - February 2023, by selecting 288 patients whose average age was 47.09 ± 14.61 years, being the 41-50 years old group (29.17%) and the 51-60 years old group (19.44%) the most affected groups by pathologies of the anal region, with a predominance of male (54.17%). The sociodemographic characteristics with the highest frequency included married (48.61%) and single (47.22%); secondary level of education (44.44%) and traders (18.05%) and housewives (15, 28%) as predominant occupations. The risk factors were represented by onset of sexual intercourse between 16-20 years of age (65.28%), heterosexuality (91.67%), 22.22% reported having anal sex and 5.56% oral sex. Likewise, 5.56% were reported with a history of genital HPV and 4.17% were HIV positive. In addition, 48.61% stated not to use condoms. The initial clinical diagnosis included hemorrhoidal disease (30.55%), anal fistula (25%) and anal fissure (18.05%), and one patient (1.39%) with anal HPV infection. Anal cytology results showed 8.33% flat epithelial cells with cytopathic changes suggestive of HPV infection and 1.39% squamous cells with cytopathic changes suggestive of HPV infection: 50% mild inflammatory negative for malignancy and 33.33% flat epithelial cells without atypia. In conclusion, the anal cytology investigation should continue to determine the actual frequency of anal HPV infection.
Effect of magnetic field assisted thermal diffusion on microstructure and properties of titanium alloy laser cladding coating
Authors: Wei Xu , Fei Bai Jing , Yong Li 
Published: September 2023

Ti–Al composite coating was prepared on the surface of a titanium alloy by the laser cladding technology and coaxial powder feeding under argon protection. The cladding material was AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy powder. The intermediate sample was thermally diffused at high temperature for 6 h and then placed in a certain intensity of the alternating electromagnetic field until completely cooled. The alloy substrate and coating solidified under the action of the alternating electromagnetic field, and the surface coating of a high strength titanium alloy was obtained. The morphology and microstructure of the composite coating were analyzed by SEM, XRD, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the hardness of the coating was measured. The results showed that the high temperature thermal diffusion promoted the interatomic diffusion; repaired some defects, such as cracks and pores; and eliminated the elemental metals that did not participate in the reaction, and the surface hardness of the coating joint reached the maximum. The electromagnetic stirring makes the titanium alloy coating and substrate bond well, the joint is relatively straight, the number of cracks and pores is obviously reduced, and the comprehensive performance of the coating is improved.
IETS management of the challenges associated with embryo pathogen interaction
Authors: Thibier Michel , Perry George 
Published: September 2023

One of the very first challenges the International Embryo Transfer Society (IETS) addressed was concern about disease transmission via the transfer of in vivo–derived (IVD) bovine embryos. IETS commissioned its Import/Export Committee, later named Health and Safety Advisory Committee (HASAC), to resolve this matter, with the assistance of the Data Retrieval Committee following its formation in 1991. Since its first meeting in 1984, considerable achievements have been made, including meeting the numerous challenges created by the many innovations in this industry. Based on research studies and their designs, the IETS HASAC developed a system for categorising pathogens and diseases potentially susceptible to interaction with IVD embryos. This has been instrumental in defining safe operating protocols and ultimately leading to the development of the now universally accepted techniques for certification of embryo health. The close cooperation of IETS/HASAC with the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH, formerly OIE) has facilitated the establishment of guidelines for regulators worldwide, thus ensuring the safety of international trade with embryos, while avoiding unjustified regulatory measures. In addition, IETS/HASAC produced and published the IETS Manual: A Procedural Guide and General Information for the Use of Embryo Transfer Technology Emphasising Sanitary Procedures for the embryo transfer industry (1st edition, 1987; 5th edition, 2023). This manual and its updates were designed to provide the industry world-wide with a source of information on safe and sanitary handling procedures for embryos, to describe the procedures necessary to ensure that the transfer of embryos does not result in transmission of pathogenic agents or disease, and to ensure consistent and accurate identification of embryos. The result of these 40 years of IETS/HASAC involvement is that embryo transfer technology is recognised as having a comparative advantage in international movement of germplasm.