bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods for drug safety signal detection using routinely collected observational electronic health care data: a systematic review
Authors: Motrinchuk A. Sh. , Loginovskaya O. A. , Kolbatov V. P. 
Published: August 2023

Signal detection is a crucial step in the discovery of post-marketing adverse drug reactions. There is a growing interest in using routinely collected data to complement established spontaneous report analyses.The aim. This work aims to systematically review the methods for drug safety signal detection using routinely collected healthcare data and their performance, both in general and for speciﬁc types of drugs and outcomes.Metodology. We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines, and registered a protocol in PROSPERO.Results. The review included 101 articles, among which there were 39 methodological works, 25 performance assessment papers, and 24 observational studies. Methods included adaptations from those used with spontaneous reports, traditional epidemiological designs, methods speciﬁc to signal detection with real-world data. More recently, implementations of machine learning have been studied in the literature. Twenty-ﬁve studies evaluated method performances, 16 of them using the area under the curve (AUC) for a range of positive and negative controls as their main measure. Despite the likelihood that performance measurement could vary by drug-event pair, only 10 studies reported performance stratiﬁed by drugs and outcomes, in a heterogeneous manner. The replicability of the performance assessment results was limited due to lack of transparency in reporting and the lack of a gold standard reference set.
Performance Measurement and Effective Communication: Strategic to Service Delivery
Authors: Yegon Gideon Kipkirui , Kipkorir Chris Simon Sitienei 
Published: August 2023

The Bomet County Government is experiencing difficulties in providing efficient services and should integrate performance contracting as a means of enhancing it. The objective was to establish the effect of performance measurement and effective communication, on service delivery. The study used the expectancy, goal-setting and new public management theories. Explanatory research design was used with a sample of 70 management staff selected out of a target population of 260. The research employed a semi-structured questionnaire to gather data, which was subsequently analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that performance measurement and effective communication had significant effect on service delivery. Accountability resulted in the timely completion of projects and innovation improved project prioritization. The study suggested that enhancing communication strategies and reassessing performance evaluation methods could help enhance service delivery
TwO Parameters Semi Empirical Model (TOPSEM): Galaxy Evolution and Bulge/Disk Dicothomy from Two-stage Halo Accretion
Authors: Boco L. , Lapi A. , Shankar F. , Fu H. , Gabrielli F. , Sicilia A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been devoted to semi-empirical, data-driven models to tackle some aspects of the complex and still largely debated topic of galaxy formation and evolution. We here present a new semi-empirical model whose marking feature is simplicity: it relies on solely two assumptions, one initial condition and two free parameters. Galaxies are connected to evolving dark matter haloes through abundance matching between specific halo accretion rate (sHAR) and specific star formation rate (sSFR). Quenching is treated separately, in a fully empirical way, to marginalize over quiescent galaxies and test our assumption on the sSFR evolution without contaminations from passive objects. Our flexible and transparent model is able to reproduce the observed stellar mass functions up to z ∼ 5, giving support to our hypothesis of a monotonic relation between sHAR and sSFR. We then exploit the model to test a hypothesis on morphological evolution of galaxies. We attempt to explain the bulge/disk bimodality in terms of the two halo accretion modes: fast and slow accretion. Specifically, we speculate that bulge/spheroidal components might form during the early phase of fast halo growth, while disks form during the later phase of slow accretion. We find excellent agreement with both the observational bulge and elliptical mass functions.
Theological education and character formation: Perceptions of theological leaders and students
Authors: Magezi Vhumani , Madimutsa Walter 
Published: August 2023

Character formation is a mandatory requirement for all theological leaders and students. The purpose of this empirical and field research is to understand the perceptions of theological leaders and students regarding the role of theological education in ministerial character formation. The study seeks to discover the difficulty that theological institutions face as they develop and implement moral formation programs. Incongruencies tend to exist between what theological leaders do in the preparation of students for ministry and what they finally produce as ‘the product’ of their efforts. The study analysed results from interviews with theological leaders and students regarding their perceptions of the role of theological education on character formation. The finding of the study was that college leaders and students showed different perceptions, raising questions on ‘what is theological about theological education’. Theological students viewed character formation as key in ministerial formation, whereas theological leaders believed that they played pivotal roles in character formation. Theological students underscored the importance of college leaders as models, the role of churches as essential partners for character formation and the place of co-curricular activities in ministerial formation programs. The study concludes by underscoring key theological implications that are drawn from the study. First, the major contributions that both theological leaders and students make to the ministerial formation process. Second, the need to have ministerial leaders who have skills to minister in diverse contexts. Finally, the need for clarity of purpose of any theological education program.Contribution: This article contributes to the knowledge about the role of theological leaders and contribution of theological students to character formation. The theological leaders and students are leaners and teachers in the ministerial formation process. Sound theological education practice revolves around co-construction of knowledge through the interaction of the students, their college teachers, homes, churches, and the wholesomeness of seminary life and its curriculum.
Access to chronic kidney disease (CKD) care: Its barriers and facilitators in a community development block in Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal: A qualitative study
Authors: Mondal Biman , Samsuzzaman Md. , Das Sulagna 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a leading public health problem, has potential risks and serious implications on the health of individuals and society at large. Few studies explored the factors that influence access to CKD care at the community level in rural areas of West Bengal. A qualitative study was planned among key stakeholders to explore their views and experiences and to identify the barriers and potential facilitators that influence access to CKD care at the primary care level.

Methods:
Total 23 stakeholders participated in the study. Seventeen in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted on a purposive sample of stakeholders (CKD patients, healthcare providers (HCPs) and health planners) and one focus group discussion (FGD) among six community health workers. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. The Lévesque’s framework for access to care as modified by Jodie Bailie et al. was employed to construct interview guides and structure the initial codes. Thematic analysis was undertaken using QSR NVivo version 11 using both inductive and deductive approaches.

Results:
The major barriers to CKD care at patient level were poor knowledge and awareness of CKD and at the health system level was shortage of skilled staffs, diagnostics and medicines and fragmented referrals. The potential facilitators identified were educational activities to increase the awareness of CKD among HCPs and patients; provision of CKD-related supplies and a system-level approach to care coordination along with m-health-based care.

Conclusions:
Targeted CKD screening programs and CKD specific trainings may improve awareness of CKD. Additionally, stronger primary care infrastructure, availability of essential drugs and diagnostics and creating an efficient referral process for the quality CKD care are the need of the hour.
Sleep Disturbances and Associated Factors amongst Stroke Survivors in North Central, Nigeria
Authors: Iwuozo Emmanuel Uzodinma , Enyikwola John Owoicho , Asor Paul Msugh , Onyia Uzoma Ikenna , Nwazor Ernest Okwundu , Obiako Reginald Onyeadumarakwe 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Sleep disturbance is common in persons with stroke and when unrecognised and untreated may hinder rehabilitation efforts and lead to poor functional outcome. It may also result in increased risk for stroke recurrence.

Aim:
We investigated the frequency and associated factors of sleep disturbances amongst stroke survivors.

Methodology:
One hundred and ten stroke survivors attending the neurology outpatient clinics of two tertiary hospitals, from February 2021 to January 2022, were interviewed after obtaining ethical approval and informed consent. We used a structured questionnaire to obtain their socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and sleep disturbances. Excessive daytime sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Data were analysed with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:
Eighty (72.7%) patients were males with a mean age of 61.4 ± 11.8, slightly older than the females (30, 27.3%) with a mean age of 60.9 ± 2.9. Their median follow-up duration was 7.5 months. Majority (84, 76.4%) had ischaemic stroke, and the frequency of sleep disturbances was 37 (33.6%) consisting of insomnia (19, 17.3%), hypersomnia (10, 9.0%), sleep-disordered breathing (5, 4.5%) and sleep-related movement disorder (3, 2.7%), respectively. Using the ESS score, 22 (20.0%) had mild, 10 (9.0%) had moderate and 7 (6.4%) had severe ESS scores, respectively. Univariate analysis showed depression to be significantly associated with ESS (P = 0.006) whereas multivariate analysis revealed age and sex as significant associated factors (P = 0.008 and P = 0.009) of ESS.

Conclusion:
More than one-third of participants reported sleep disturbances with depression, age and gender as associated factors.
Gastric pneumatosis in a preterm infant: A case report
Authors: Sreekumar Paramesh , Raj Prince , Dey Arjun Chandra , Shatla Emad , Corbally Martin Thomas 
Published: August 2023

Background: Gastric pneumatosis is a rare condition characterized by the presence of intramural gas in the stomach wall. It is uncommon in infants and is usually caused by proximal intestinal obstruction or necrotizing enterocolitis, a serious condition typically seen in preterm babies.
Case Presentation: An extremely preterm baby born at 23 weeks of gestation weighing 640 grams, with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other comorbidities like patent ductus arteriosus, staph aureus sepsis, developed abdominal distension and non-bilious vomiting at 4 months of age. X-ray abdomen revealed gastric pneumatosis. The condition was managed with conservative measures.
Conclusion: Gastric pneumatosis secondary to necrotizing enterocolitis is uncommon in infants and needs prompt evaluation and management to prevent further deterioration.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Harga dan Promosi terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan Sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Kartu Prabayar Xl Axiata di Surabaya
Authors: Tambunan Boston , Prabowo Budi 
Published: August 2023

The reason of the comes about of this consider is to educate the affect of item quality, cost and promoting on client dependability through client fulfillment as an interceding variable for Surabaya's XL Axiata paid ahead of time card. Employing a information examination procedure, way investigation, he tests 100 individuals. The information investigation utilized was different straight relapse examination utilizing SPSS 25. Theory test comes about appear that item quality, cost, and promoting have positive and critical impacts on client fulfillment, whereas client dependability is impacted by client fulfillment. Mediating fluctuating item quality, cost, and client fulfillment have positive and critical impacts, whereas publicizing has no critical impact.
Keywords: Price, Product Quality, Promotion, Customer Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty.
ANALISIS YURIDIS KEDUDUKAN PENDAMPING DAN PENERJEMAH DALAM PROSES PENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA PERKOSAAN DENGAN KORBAN DIFABEL DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2006 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN SAKSI DAN KORBAN
Authors: Hasibuan Dodi Zulkarnain , Mukidi Mukidi , Marlina Marlina 
Published: August 2023

Seorang penyandang difabel yang mengalami perkosaan, maka akan dimintai keterangan perihal kejadian perkosaan tersebut dan dalam prakteknya seorang difabel dalam memberikan keterangan didampingi oleh seorang penerjemah. Permasalahan adalah bagaimana pengaturan hukum tentang pendamping dan penerjemah terhadap korban difabel dalam penyidikan perkara pemerkosaan di kepolisian, bagaimana kedudukan pendamping sebagai penerjemah terhadap korban difabel dalam penyidikan erkara pemerkosaan di kepolisian sudah sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2006 Tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban, bagaimana hambatan pendamping sebagai penerjemah dan penyidik dalam mengambil keterangan difabel sebagai korban pemerkosaan. Sifat penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan jenis penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif.. Data yang dipergunakan adalah data sekunder dan metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) dan penelitian lapangan (field research). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif. Penerjemah adalah orang yang mengetahui bahasa korban sekaligus memberikan rasa aman dan nyaman selama proses penyidikan maupun persidangan. Kedudukan pendamping adalah memberikan advokasi nonlitigasi terhadap korban dan keluarga sebagai bentuk dampingan psikologis, menganalisa BAP dan pasal-pasal yang digunakan sebagai dakwaan, memprediksikan kemungkinan-kemungkinan pernyataan saksi dan korban yang akan disanggah dalam proses persidangan, memastikan pernyataan saksi dan korban untuk memberikan keterangan yang konsisten sesuai dengan BAP di pengadilan. Berdasarkan pembahasan maka diperoleh kesimpulan Hambatan-hambatan yang ditemui oleh pendamping, penerjemah dan penyidik dalam penyidikan perkara pemerkosaan terhadap korban difabel adalah korban yang tidak berpendidikan akan menyulitkan penerjemah dalam memahami maksud-maksud korban serta penerjemah sulit memahami maksud korban difabel. Korban difabel cenderung akan diam dan hanya akan bercerita kepada orang yang dikenalnya saja dan jika dia merasa nyaman dan aman.
ANALISIS PUTUSAN HAKIM DALAM PROSES PERADILAN PIDANA RINGAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERATURAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2012 (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Lubuk Pakam Nomor 36/Pid.C/2020/ PN.Lbp)
Authors: Arham Arham , Mustamam Mustamam , Miroharjo Didik 
Published: August 2023

Tindak pidana ringan akhir-akhir ini menarik perhatian publik karena penanganannya dianggap tidak lagi proporsional dengan tingkat keseriusan tindak pidana yang diatur. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan data primer dan didukung dengan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dipahami bahwa pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Lubuk Pakam Nomor 36/Pid.C/2020/PN.Lbp adalah seluruh unsur tindak pidana yang didakwakan kepadanya telah terpenuhi dalam diri dan perbuatan Terdakwa maka haruslah dinyatakan bahwa Terdakwa telah terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan bersalah melakukan tindak pidana pencurian ringan serta tidak ditemukannya alasan pemaaf maupun pembenar dalam diri terdakwa
ANALISIS YURIDIS PERANAN TIM JATANRAS ELANG SAKTI SAT RESKRIM POLRES TEBING TINGGI DALAM MEMBERANTAS PEREDARAN UANG PALSU DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG MATA UANG RUPIAH
Authors: Negara Siregar Siswandi Perwira , Lubis Muhammad Yamin , Sahlepi Muhammad Arif 
Published: August 2023

Tindak pidana pemalsuan uang sangat berdampak dengan ketidakpercayaan masyarakat dalam sistem pembayaran membuat masyarakat umum ragu dalam menerima uang tunai dalam transanksi. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian normatif, yaitu penelitian yang menggunakan peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai dasar pemecahan permasalahan yang dikemukakan. Data yang dipergunakan adalah data sekunder dan metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dipahami bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana tindak pidana pemalsuan uang sesuai Pasal 36 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Tentang Mata Uang dan Pasal 244 KUHP. Hambatan pemberantasan peredaran uang palsu adalah masyarakat kurang konstruksif dalam merespon uang palsu, kurangnya kerja sama masyrakat terhadap aparat penegak hukum, kurangnya kerja sama masyrakat terhadap aparat penegak hukum, korban dari tindak pidana tidak melaporkan adanya penemuan uang palsu, faktor perekonomian faktor lingkungan
TINDAK PIDANA PENGGELAPAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN JABATAN TERHADAP PEMBAYARAN JASA ANGKUT TANDAN BUAH SAWIT (Studi Putusan Nomor 3476/Pid.B/2019/PN Mdn
Authors: Hapsari Siti Mirzani , Marzuki Marzuki , Marlina Marlina 
Published: August 2023

Tindak pidana penggelapan yang merupakan kejahatan sering sekali terjadi diberbagai bidang dan bahkan pelakunya diberbagai lapisan masyarakat. Penulisan tesis ini menggunakan metode telaah pustaka (library research) untuk mentelaah data-data sekunder dengan melakukan analisis kasus putusan Nomor 3476/Pid.B/2019/PN Mdn. Jenis data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Bahan hukum primer dan sekunder disusun secara sistematis dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Kesimpulan dari pembahasan adalah pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam penerapan sanksi pidana tindak pidana penggelapan dalam jabatan dalam putusan Nomor 3476/Pid.B/2019/PN Mdn terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penggelapan dalam jabatan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan atas perbuatan yang dilakukan dengan pertimbangan bahwa pada saat melakukan perbuatannya terdakwa sadar akan akibat yang ditimbulkan.
Edukasi pentingnya melakukan perawatan diri dengan pemenuhan personal higien pada lanjut usia
Authors: Damanik Derma Wani , Saragih Julwansa , Yunia Eva Anita , Purba Evi Ramayanti 
Published: August 2023

Personal hygiene is personal hygiene and health which aims to prevent illness in oneself and others both physically and psychologically. The need for personal hygiene is very important and must be considered especially for the elderly because cleanliness will certainly affect health, comfort, safety and well-being. Elderly people in nursing homes (werdha homes) are a population that is vulnerable to low personal hygiene behavior. The form of community service activities carried out is by providing educational education. Educational activities are carried out for the elderly who live at UPT Yansos Deaf Speech and Elderly Pematangsiantar. The method used in this community service activity is lectures and discussions using leaflet poster media. The results of community service show that there is an increase in knowledge from before and after being given education, namely from knowledge with a less category of 7 people (46.7%) to good knowledge, namely 12 people (80%), which means that there is an increase in understanding and knowledge of the elderly after given education compared to before giving education. Abstrak: Personal higieni adalah kebersihan dan kesehatan perorangan yang bertujuan untuk mencegah timbulnya penyakit pada diri sendiri dan orang lain baik secara fisik maupun psikologis. Kebutuhan personal hygiene menjadi hal yang sangat penting dan harus diperhatikan terutama bagi usia lanjut karena kebersihan tentunya akan mempengaruhi kesehatan, kenyamanan, keamanan, dan kesejahteraan. Lanjut usia di lingkungan panti jompo (panti werdha) merupakan populasi yang rentan akan rendahnya perilaku personal hygiene. Bentuk kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah dengan pemberian edukasi edukasi. Kegiatan edukasi dilakukan kepada lansia yang tinggal di UPT Yansos Tuna Rungu Wicara dan Lanjut Usia Pematangsiantar. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu ceramah dan diskusi dengan menggunakan media poster leaflet. Hasil Pengabdian kepada masyarakat menunjukkan ada peningkatan pengetahuan dari sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi yaitu dari pengetahuan dengan kategori kurang sebanyak 7 orang (46,7%) menjadi pengetahuan baik yaitu 12 orang (80%), yang berarti bahwa terjadi peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan lansia sesudah diberikan edukasi dibandingkan sebelum pemberian edukasi.
Sosialisasi Pengembangan Software Sistem Navigasi dan Panduan Mobile Robot di PT Abisakti Surya Megakon
Authors: Herlambang Teguh , Yudianto Firman , Adinugroho Mukhtar , Susanto Fajar Annas , Katias Puspandam 
Published: August 2023

Perkembangan teknologi modern saat ini sangat pesat khususnya dalam dunia robot sehingga banyak negara berlomba-lomba untuk mengembangkan robot. Robot adalah sebuah alat mekanik yang dapat melakukan tugas fisik, baik menggunakan pengawasan dan kontrol manusia, menggunakan program yang telah didefinisikan terlebih dulu atau memanfaatkan prinsip kecerdasan buatan. Robot biasanya digunakan untuk tugas yang berat, berbahaya, pekerjaan yang berulang dan kotor. Kebanyakan robot digunakan dalam bidang produksi, seperti: pembersihan limbah beracun, penjelajahan bawah air dan luar angkasa, pertambangan, pekerjaan search and rescue, dan untuk pencarian lahan tambang. Dengan adanya pengabdian masyarakat tentang sosialisasi penggunaan software system navigasi dan panduan mobile robot sistem ini menjadi signifikan untuk lebih memahami penggunaan software system navigasi dan panduan mobile robot, dimulai dari system gerak mobile robot sampai bagaimana penggunaan pada software sehingga bapak ibu stakeholder memahami pengetahuan dan penggunaan system navigasi dan panduan mobile robot untuk sharing knowledge ke stakeholder PT. Abisakati Surya Megakon untuk menambah pengetahuan dan wawasan terkait mobile robot.
Improving The Accuracy of Screening Pharyngeal Dysphagia Using Ultrasonography in Acute Stroke Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Hidayati Evi Rachmawati Nur , Yusviani Hafizia Asri , Solecha Dewi Listiani 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Dysphagia is a common complication in acute stroke patients that require early screening to reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia, disability, and mortality. Bedside examinations such as the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) test and ultrasonography are non-invasive methods that may improve early diagnosis of dysphagia after stroke.
Case Report: We report a 49-year-old man with a history of cerebrovascular event that had difficulty swallowing, followed by coughing and choking after drinking.
Discussion Case: The GUSS score indicated moderate dysphagia with a high risk of aspiration. The swallowing ultrasonography showed conformity to the GUSS score and improved the screening accuracy for silent aspiration risk in the pharyngeal swallowing phase.
Conclusion: In conclusion, ultrasonography examination may improve the screening accuracy of the GUSS test, particularly for the detection of silent aspiration in pharyngeal dysphagia.