bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of malachite green on biochemistry and photosystem II photochemistry of Eichhornia crassipes
Authors: Sharma Jyotshana , Shah Garishma , Strasser Reto J. , Soni Vineet 
Published: June 2023

Malachite green (MG) is a common synthetic dye that raises environmental concerns. This study reveals that MG has inhibitory effects on the biochemistry and physiology of Eichhornia crassipes. Effects of different concentrations of MG on ROS-scavenging enzymes, α-amylase, proline, chlorophyll pigments, and various photosynthetic parameters of E. crassipes were investigated. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis coupled with the JIP test showed the inhibitory effects of MG on biochemistry and photosynthetic potential depended on concentration and time. Up to 2 days of MG exposure, α-amylase and proline were upregulated with increasing MG concentration. When exposure time and concentration increased, all the parameters initially increased, then sharply declined. Chlorophyll content decreased with exposure time and concentration. Due to the slowing down of electron transport on the donor side brought on by MG exposure, P680+ builds up. According to an analysis of E. crassipes PSII activity, exposure to MG raises the proportion of inactive PSII reaction centres and active PSII centres. After increasing the exposure period (2, 4, and 6 days) and MG concentration (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg L−1), it decreased the absorption efficiency electron transport potential, maximal quantum yield of primary photochemistry, and the quantum yield of electron transport. These modifications led to a decline in the entire photosynthesis performance. The current research suggests that MG has detrimental effects on plants; therefore, the need for stringent regulations to prevent the release of dye-containing effluents into aquatic environments.
Exploring terminological relations between multi-word terms in distributional semantic models
Authors: Wang Yizhe , Daille Béatrice , Hathout Nabil 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A term is a lexical unit with specialized meaning in a particular domain. Terms may be simple (STs) or multi-word
(MWTs). The organization of terms gives a representation of the structure of domain knowledge, which is based on the relationships
between the concepts of the domain. However, relations between MWTs are often underrepresented in terminology resources. This work
aims to explore distributional semantic models for capturing terminological relations between multi-word terms through lexical
substitution and analogy. The experiments show that the results of the analogy-based method are globally better than those of the
one based on lexical substitution and that analogy is well suited to the acquisition of synonymy, antonymy, and hyponymy while
lexical substitution performs best for hypernymy.
Cats in the Outdoors
Authors: Tully Paul 
Published: June 2023

Summary
This case is about domestic cats who follow instincts for outdoor roaming and, thus, wander in human-made places. People construct these places via ideals regarding aspects of health, safety, and acceptable behaviour. As cats roam in outdoor places, they challenge such ideals through the reality of their lives and human choices. This case considers the issues cats’ presence creates for people and questions the solutions humans contemplate in attempts to protect outdoor place ideals. It asks questions regarding if strategies humans think about to tackle their issues of cats in the outdoors are morally right or wrong in order to stimulate debate.

Information
© The Author 2023
Synthesis and characterization of a dental cement based on bioactive glass/zinc oxide modified with organic resin as a novel pulp capping agent
Authors: Pedram Parham , Najafi Farhood , Heidari Soolmaz , Hodjat Mahshid , Bolhari Behnam , Hooshmand Tabassom 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a novel dental pulp capping cement containing bioactive glass (BG)/zinc oxide modified with an organic resin. BG (45S5) with or without ZnO (Zn) and hemaphosphate (HP) combined with a liquid consisting of polyacrylic and itaconic acids (AA) were synthesized and the structural, physical, and mechanical properties were assessed. Hydroxyapatite formation was evaluated by immersion in simulated body fluid. Biological analysis including methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and gene expression of odontogenic markers were performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect and biomineralization potential of the cements on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). A commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) served as control. The highest compressive strength value and the shortest setting time were belonged to the BG + HP + AA and BG + AA groups, respectively. The shear bond strength to dentin was the highest for the BG + HP + AA cement. Scanning electron microscope showed only scarce deposits of calcium phosphate formation on the surface of the synthesized cements. BG + HP + AA and BG + HP + Zn + AA groups had significantly lower cytotoxicity than MTA. The mineralization potential of hDPSCs after stimulation by the novel cements increased. Quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed higher odontogenic marker expression in hDPSCs exposed to the BG + HP + Zn + AA cement compared to other synthesized cements, although it was higher in MTA group. Based on the obtained results, the novel synthesized cements can be used as appropriate capping agents in the treatment of dental pulp.
3D bioprinting: opportunities for wound dressing development
Authors: Wang Xiudan , Wang Yanhua , Teng Yanjiao , Shi Jie , Yang Xinran , Ding Ziling , Guo Xiaoqin , Hou Shike , Lv Qi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The skin is the body’s first line of defence, and its physiology is complex. When injury occurs, the skin goes through a complex recovery process, and there is the risk of developing a chronic wound. Therefore, proper wound care is critical during the healing process. In response to clinical needs, wound dressings have been developed. There are several types of wound dressings available for wound healing, but there are still many issues to overcome. With its high controllability and resolution, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is widely regarded as the technology of the next global industrial and manufacturing revolution, and it is a key driving force in the development of wound dressings. Here, we briefly introduce the wound healing mechanism, organize the history and the main technologies of 3D bioprinting, and discuss the application as well as the future direction of development of 3D bioprinting technology in the field of wound dressings.
Highly sensitive detection of bacteria (E. Coli) endotoxin using novel PANI-benzimidazole-Ag nanocomposite by DMMB dye displacement assay
Authors: Alemu Tadele Ageru , Ayele Delele Worku , Parveen J Shahitha , Worku Ababay Ketema , Teshager Minbale Admas , Ramamurthy Praveen C , Mani Dhakshnamoorthy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the present study, a new biochemical biosensor material of conductive Silver (Ag) reinforced polyaniline (PANI)-Benzimidazole copolymer nanocomposite was fabricated via in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method for the detection of endotoxin. The fabricated PANI-Benz-Ag nanocomposite was characterized by FTIR, XRD, UV–visible spectrometer, DSC, TGA, Zeta-potential, SEM, TEM, and Confocal fluorescence imaging microscopy. The measured particle size, zeta-potential, and conductivity of the PANI-Benz-Ag nanocomposite were 4.942 nm, −10.4 mV, and 73.7 μS cm−1 respectively. The crystallite size of Ag nanoparticles was around 67 nm calculated by XRD analysis and TGA analysis was carried out to determine weight loss and thermal stabilities of PANI-Benz and PANI-Benz-Ag nanocomposite. The endotoxin (E. coli) bacteria detection ability of the synthesized PANI-Benz-Ag nanocomposite-based biochemical biosensor using DMMB dye displacement assay through the hitchhiking method by confocal fluorescence microscopy was found to be simple and effective. Endotoxin (E. coli) can form a stable interaction with other bioactive molecules and thus it binds readily with Ag-doped PANI-Benzimidazole nanocomposite. Further, the DMMB dye displacement assay method is more accurate and sensitive than the other existing methods for the detection of endotoxin.
‘Will I wear purple?’—a school arts-based research project in the UK to disseminate findings from a qualitative evidence synthesis about living to an extreme age
Authors: Toye Francine , Cox Alexa , Jenkins Cathy , Barker Karen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
a change in attitude towards ageing is needed. Arts-based research (ABR) refers to the use of any creative art in research. ABR can provide an environment to reflect on challenging social issues and has the potential to make lasting impressions.

Objective
we aimed to explore the use of ABR to disseminate findings from a qualitative evidence synthesis exploring what it means to live well beyond the age of 80.

Design
ABR using art as a stimulus for recorded discussions and written annotations.

Setting
a mixed catchment state secondary school in the UK.

Subjects
fifty-four secondary school pupils aged 14–15. The majority identified as female (ratio 5:1).

Methods
school pupils created artwork to represent themes about ageing drawn from a qualitative evidence synthesis. The artwork was a stimulus for recorded discussions. We used thematic analysis to develop themes about children’s response to ageing.

Results
we developed six themes. Pupils found comfort in recognising that old age can be lived well; they began to see themselves in the older person; they explored the ambiguous nature of memory; they highlighted the dangers of disconnection; they affirmed a need to restore connection with elders and they recognised the need to cherish time and live meaningfully.

Conclusions
this project encouraged pupils to think about what it means to grow old. ABR has the potential to contribute to a more positive relationship with older people and towards ageing. Research stakeholders should not undervalue the potential power of shifts in perspective for powering social change.
Risk prediction models for antineoplastic-associated cardiotoxicity in treatment of breast cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Rodriguez Ryan , Joseph Honey , Macrito Rosa , Lee Todd A , Sweiss Karen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this systematic review is to assess methodology of published models to predict the risk of antineoplastic-associated cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer.

Methods
We searched PubMed and Embase for studies that developed or validated a multivariable risk prediction model. Data extraction and quality assessments were performed according to the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST).

Results
We identified 2,816 unique publications and included 8 eligible studies (7 new risk models and 1 validation of a risk stratification tool) that modeled risk with trastuzumab (n = 5), anthracyclines (n = 2), and anthracyclines with or without trastuzumab (n = 1). The most common final predictors were previous or concomitant chemotherapy (n = 5) and age (n = 4). Three studies incorporated measures of myocardial mechanics that may not be frequently available. Model discrimination was reported in 7 studies (range of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.56-0.88), while calibration was reported in 1 study. Internal and external validation were performed in 4 studies and 1 study, respectively. Using the PROBAST methodology, we rated the overall risk of bias as high for 7 of 8 studies and unclear for 1 study. Concerns for applicability were low for all studies.

Conclusion
Among 8 models to predict the risk of cardiotoxicity of antineoplastic agents for breast cancer, 7 were rated as having a high risk of bias and all had low concerns for clinical applicability. Most evaluated studies reported positive measures of model performance but did not perform external validation. Efforts to improve development and reporting of these models to facilitate their use in practice are warranted.
Patient satisfaction with pharmacist-led chronic care management services combined with medication synchronization
Authors: Awad Magdi , Furdich Kenneth , Webb Dana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Chronic care management (CCM) improves clinical outcomes, enhances patients’ adherence with medical treatments, reduces overall cost, and increases patient satisfaction. However, multiple reports have indicated the underutilization of CCM. Implementation literature has emphasized feasibility and different approaches to providing pharmacist-led CCM. This article examines patient acceptability and provides an innovative implementation approach combining both CCM and medication synchronization (MedSync) services.

Summary
To introduce CCM services to underserved Medicare beneficiaries at a federally qualified health center, the pharmacy department of a federally qualified health center (FQHC) pilot tested a program whereby pharmacists provided CCM to Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in the MedSync service offered by the FQHC’s in-house pharmacies. Both services were provided during the same phone call by the pharmacist. After successful completion of the pilot program, a retrospective chart review and patient satisfaction survey were conducted to enhance the quality of the service. A total of 49 patients were enrolled in the CCM program at the time of data collection. Overall, participants were satisfied with the service. The average number of medications per patient was 13.7. Pharmacists were able to identify an average of 4.8 medication-related problems (MRPs) per patient. Most of the MRPs (62%) were resolved directly by the pharmacists via education, over-the-counter medication adjustments, or interventions under consult agreements.

Conclusion
In addition to positive patient satisfaction, pharmacists were able to identify and address a significant number of MRPs when providing CCM.
The Optimal Layer for Breast Augmentation in an Autologous Fat Grafting Murine Model
Authors: Zhang Ziang , Qin Zijin , Li Yu , Long Jie , Chen Guo , Gao Botao , Zhou Xuhua , Zhang Yuge , Song Baoqiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Fat grafting is an effective procedure for breast augmentation, but the variations in this technique result in unpredictable fat retention. Therefore, animal models are needed to simulate the operation and the optimal layer for fat retention.

Objectives
An autologous fat grafting murine model for breast augmentation was built to detect a new layer for fat grafting in the chest.

Methods
The left side of the female rat inguinal fat flap was harvested, dissected into small pieces, and autotransplanted into 3 different layers of the breast. Retention rate and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were measured at 1, 4, 8 12, and 16 weeks. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to detect adipocytes and endothelial cells, and immunohistochemistry was conducted to evaluate the expression of integrins β1 and α6.

Results
The volume of fat grafts slightly grew in the intramuscular and submuscular layers at Week 4. Retention rates in the subcutaneous layer and submuscular layer were significantly higher than the intramuscular layer at Week 16. H&E staining showed that oil cysts existed in the subcutaneous layer throughout the 16 weeks. At the terminal time point, well-vascularized mature adipose structures were observed in intramuscular and submuscular layers, with smaller adipocytes in intramuscular layers. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that integrin β1 was identically expressed in every adipocyte in all the layers, whereas integrin α6 selectively expressed in bigger adipocytes in the intramuscular layer. The expression intensities of integrin β1 and α6 were significantly higher in the intramuscular layer than in the subcutaneous and submuscular layers.

Conclusions
The angiogenic and moderate mechanical environment makes the submuscular layer the optimal layer for fat retention.
Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction With Breast Augmentation: A BREAST-Q Effect of Magnitude Analysis
Authors: Jørgensen Mads G , Hemmingsen Mathilde N , Larsen Andreas , Weltz Tim K , Strålman Kristina B , Andersen Peter S , Nezame Sarmady Faranak , Toyserkani Navid M , Herly Mikkel , Elberg Jens J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Breast augmentation is one of the most performed cosmetic surgeries. Despite this, patient satisfaction following breast augmentation is poorly understood.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate what patient and surgical factors influence patient satisfaction following primary breast augmentation.

Methods
The BREAST-Q Augmentation module was sent to all females undergoing primary breast augmentation at a single private clinic (Amalieklinikken, Copenhagen, Denmark) between 2012 and 2019. Patient and surgical characteristics at the time of surgery were obtained from the patients’ medical records, and data on factors that occurred after the surgery (eg, breastfeeding) were obtained by patient contact. Multivariate linear regression modeled the impact of these factors on BREAST-Q outcomes.

Results
A total of 554 females with a mean follow-up time of 5 years after primary breast augmentation were included in this study. Implant type and volume did not affect patient satisfaction. However, higher patient age was associated with significantly higher postoperative patient satisfaction, psychosocial well-being, and sexual well-being (P &lt; .05). Conversely, higher patient BMI, postoperative weight gain, and breastfeeding were associated with significantly lower satisfaction (P &lt; .05). Additionally, subglandular implant placement was associated with significantly lower satisfaction than submuscular implant placement (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
Implant type and volume did not affect patient satisfaction with breast augmentation. However, young age, higher BMI, subglandular implant placement, and postoperative weight gain were associated with lower patient satisfaction. These factors should be considered when aligning outcome expectations with breast augmentation.

Level of Evidence: 4
The influence of Canidae social behaviour on reproductive traits
Authors: Porto Lucas M V , Penido Gabriel , Fiedler Maico S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
There is an intense debate in the literature about how life-history traits of species interact and influence each other over evolutionary time because, in most biological systems, the targets of selection are sets of traits. However, most of what we know about the tempo and mode of trait evolution is based on studies that focus on single traits. Here, we applied phylogenetic path analysis to uncover the most probable causal relationships linking seven relevant traits of the Canidae family, focusing on social behaviour and its influence on the reproductive traits of canids. Our findings suggest that biogeographic events throughout the planet’s history are important in understanding how the social behaviour of Canidae was shaped throughout the past 13 Myr, which is more likely to be influencing changes in the length of gestation. In addition, we suggest that cooperative behaviour can be a key element in understanding the evolution of the length of gestation in canids.
The open system of FGF-23 at the crossroad between additional P-lowering therapy, anemia and inflammation: how to deal with the intact and the C-terminal assays?
Authors: Magagnoli Lorenza , Cozzolino Mario , Galassi Andrea 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and poor survival in dialysis patients. It is well established that FGF-23 synthesis is directly induced by positive phosphate (P) balance. On the other hand, P-lowering treatments such as nutritional P restriction, P binders and dialysis are capable of reducing FGF-23 levels. However, there are many uncertainties regarding the possibility of adopting FGF-23 to guide the clinical decision-making process in the context of chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Furthermore, the best assay to adopt for measurement of FGF-23 levels (namely the intact vs the C-terminal one) remains to be determined, especially in conditions capable of altering the synthesis as well as the cleavage of the intact and biologically active molecule, as occurs in the presence of CKD and its complications. This Editorial discusses the main insights provided by the post hoc analysis of the NOPHOS trial, with particular attention given to evidence-based peculiarities of the intact and the C-terminal assays available for measuring FGF-23 levels, especially in patients receiving additive P-lowering therapy in the presence of inflammation, anemia and iron deficiency.
Higher-Achievement Schools, Peers and Mental Health
Authors: Bütikofer Aline , Ginja Rita , Løken Katrine V , Landaud Fanny 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although many students suffer from anxiety and depression, and often identify school pressure and concerns about their futures as the main reasons for their worries, little is known about the consequences of the schooling environment on students’ mental health. Using a regression discontinuity analysis in the largest Norwegian cities, we show that eligibility to enrol in a higher-achievement high school increases the probability of enrolment in higher education and decreases the probability of diagnosis or treatment of psychological conditions. We provide suggestive evidence that changes in both teacher and peer characteristics are likely drivers of these effects.
The effect of statins on mortality and cardiovascular disease in primary care hypertensive patients without other cardiovascular disease or diabetes
Authors: Andersson Tobias , Nåtman Jonatan , Mourtzinis Georgios , Bager Johan-Emil , Bengtsson Boström Kristina , Franzén Stefan , Hjerpe Per 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Studies in primary healthcare (PHC) assessing the effect of primary prevention with statins on mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are scarce. This study aimed to estimate the effect of statins on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke in individuals in PHC with hypertension without CVD or diabetes.

Methods and results
Using the Swedish PHC quality assurance register QregPV, the study included 13 193 individuals with hypertension without CVD or diabetes, who had filled a first statin prescription between 2010 and 2016, and 13 193 matched controls without a filled statin prescription at the index date. Controls were matched on sex and propensity score using clinical data and data from national registers on comorbidities, prescriptions, and socioeconomic status. The effect of statins was estimated in Cox regression models. During a median of 4.2 years of follow-up, 395 individuals in the statin group vs. 475 in the control group died, 197 vs. 232 died of cardiovascular disease, 171 vs. 191 had an MI, and 161 vs. 181 had a stroke. The treatment effect of statins was significant for all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74–0.93] and cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.72–0.998). Overall, no significant treatment effect of statins was seen for MI (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.74–1.07), but there was a significant interaction with sex (P = 0.008) with decreased risk of MI for women but not for men (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.88 vs. HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.86–1.38).

Conclusion
Primary prevention with statins in PHC was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and in women, lower risk of MI.