bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma‐Enabled Graphene Quantum Dot Hydrogels as Smart Anticancer Drug Nanocarriers
Authors: Kurniawan Darwin , Mathew Jacob , Rahardja Michael Ryan , Pham Hoang‐Phuc , Wong Pei‐Chun , Rao Neralla Vijayakameswara , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Chiang Wei‐Hung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOne of the major challenges on the way to low‐cost, simple, and effective cancer treatments is the lack of smart anticancer drug delivery materials with the requisite of site‐specific and microenvironment‐responsive properties. This work reports the development of plasma‐engineered smart drug nanocarriers (SDNCs) containing chitosan and nitrogen‐doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) for drug delivery in a pH‐responsive manner. Through a customized microplasma processing, a highly cross‐linked SDNC with only 4.5% of NGQD ratio can exhibit enhanced toughness up to threefold higher than the control chitosan group, avoiding the commonly used high temperatures and toxic chemical cross‐linking agents. The SDNCs demonstrate improved loading capability for doxorubicin (DOX) via π–π interactions and stable solid‐state photoluminescence to monitor the DOX loading and release through the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism. Moreover, the DOX loaded SDNC exhibits anticancer effects against cancer cells during cytotoxicity tests at minimum concentration. Cellular uptake studies confirm that the DOX loaded SDNC can be successfully internalized into the nucleus after 12 h incubation period. This work provides new insights into the development of smart, environmental‐friendly, and biocompatible nanographene hydrogels for the next‐generation biomedical applications.
Peptide‐PAINT Using a Transfected‐Docker Enables Live‐ and Fixed‐Cell Super‐Resolution Imaging
Authors: Maity Barun Kumar , Nall Duncan , Lee Yongjae , Selvin Paul R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoint accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography (PAINT) is a single‐molecule technique for super‐resolution microscopy, which uses exchangeable single stranded DNA oligos or peptide‐pairs to create blinking phenomenon and achieves ≈5–25 nanometer resolution. Here, it is shown that by transfecting the protein‐of‐interest with a docker‐coil, rather than by adding the docker externally—as is the norm when using DNA tethers or antibodies as dockers—similar localization can be achieved, ≈10 nm. However, using a transfected docker has several experimental advances and simplifications. Most importantly, it allows Peptide‐PAINT to be applied to transfected live cells for imaging surface proteins in mammalian cells and neurons under physiological conditions. The enhanced resolution of Peptide‐PAINT is also shown for organelles in fixed cells to unravel structural details including ≈40‐nm and ≈60‐nm axial repeats in vimentin filaments in the cytoplasm, and fiber shapes of sub‐100‐nm histone‐rich regions in the nucleus.
Asymmetric Fluorofunctionalizations with Carboxylate‐Based Phase‐Transfer Catalysts
Authors: Egami Hiromichi , Hamashima Yoshitaka 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFluorine is an attractive element in the field of pharmaceutical and agrochemical chemistry due to its unique properties. Considering the chiral environment in nature, where enantiomers often show different biological activities, the introduction of fluorine atom(s) into organic molecules to make chiral fluorinated compounds is an important subject. Herein, we describe the story of the development of our chiral carboxylate‐based phase‐transfer catalysts and their applications for asymmetric fluorocyclizations of alkenes bearing a carboxylic acid, an amide, and an oxime as an internal nucleophile with a dicationic fluorinating reagent, Selectfluor. We also describe dearomative fluorinations of indole derivatives, 2‐naphthols, and resorcinols.
Suspected ischaemic myelopathy following lumbosacral epidural steroid injection in a dog
Authors: Teoh Sichia , Doyle Claire , Pearson Tim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old, female, spayed crossbreed with an 18‐month history of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis presented for routine epidural steroid injection 4 months after previous injection. Following epidural steroid injection, the dog developed severe left hindlimb paresis with reduced to absent sciatic reflexes, delayed conscious proprioception in the limb, absence of anal tone and lower motor neuron urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which demonstrated findings consistent with an ischaemic myelopathy. The dog's left hindlimb paresis improved on cage rest; however, urinary incontinence remained. The dog was subsequently euthanased due to quality‐of‐life concerns. This is the first published report of suspected ischaemic myelopathy developing in a dog after epidural steroid injection.
Monitoring hospital effluents through physico‐chemical characterization and genotoxic testing
Authors: Mathur Priyanka , Rani Kusum , Bhatnagar Pradeep 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInefficient monitoring of the water resource recovery facility at various health care establishments may lead to detrimental effects on human population, especially when such water get mixed with potable municipal water supply. To ensure the efficiency and proper functioning of the water resource recovery facility and quality of water, before it being disposed of, the present study was conducted with the assessment of physico‐chemical parameters of water and its genotoxic and cytogenetic effects in mice. The sample water was given ad libitum to animals for three different time durations, that is, 7, 15, and 30 days. Bone marrow chromosomal aberration and bone marrow micronucleus (MN) assay were performed to get the extent of genotoxicity and cytogenicity. The results showed presence of chromosomal aberrations like fragments breaks and ring formation in different groups. Besides this, a significant (p < 0.05*, p < 0.01**, p < 0.001***) decrease in the mitotic index was noted in the group which was given 100% concentrated sample water for 30 days. A significant (p < 0.05*, p < 0.01**, p < 0.001***) increase in MN induction and decreased ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes were observed in groups which were given samples at 10% and 100% concentrations for longer durations. The findings suggest that even the recovered sample water reflects a positive in vivo genotoxic potential when given for a longer duration of 30 days, indicating some lacuna in the treatment process.
Chemically radiative and mixed convection solute transfer in boundary‐layer flow of Jeffrey nanofluid along an inclined stretching cylinder with joule heating and double stratification impacts
Authors: Saeed Muhammad Junaid , Tahir Madeeha , Asjad Muhammad Imran , ul aabedin Zain , Maqsood Muhammad , Ahmadian Ali , Salimi Mehdi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn endeavor is consummate to study the steady mixed convection solute transfer in two‐dimensional viscous fluid. A joule heating incompressible flow along an inclined stretching cylinder and double stratification impact on Jeffrey Nanofluid is scrutinized. Acquired nanomaterial pattern comprises the phenomena of thermophoresis and Brownian motion. By applying rule of approximation transformation, the nonlinear PDEs converted into ODEs. Shooting via Newton Raphson technique is used to solve the ODE'S with boundary conditions into initial conditions, also applying Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg technique of fourth order for numerical purpose. Computation for skin friction, () for Nusselt, and for Sherwood number are fetched in table format by using mathematical software Matlab. The results reveal that M (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9), γ (0.1, 0.3, 0.7, 1.3), and α will increase upto 7.51, 8.55, and 10.27%, respectively. The behavior of on and falling off upto 11.20 and 28.38%, respectively with the increase of , but in shows opposite reaction on Sherwood number. It is culminated that for velocity augments with the value of Deborah number of four different sizes (0.8, 1.1, 1.4, and 1.7) upto 14.28, 16.6, and 20% while situation is reversed in case of magnetic factor (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9) upto 20, 28.12, and 39.13%. Effect of for temperature enhanced with the value of Brownian motion on (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6), about 16.66, 20, and 25%, respectively. The maximum effect percentage with radiation factor on is 39 and minimum percentage is 25.71. Eckert number on ( − 4, 0, 4, 8) and thermophoresis on diminished with pile‐up Prandtl number on (1.2, 1.5, 1.8, and 2.1). Impact of for concentration and local Sherwood number showed reverse situation on Schmidt number.
Modified Buongiorno's model for the analysis of chemically reacting jet flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid under the influence of activation energy and bio‐active mixers
Authors: Algehyne Ebrahem A. , Arif Muhammad , Saeed Anwar , Bilal Muhammad , Kumam Poom , Galal Ahmed M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the modern era, the heat transfer is the basic need in every field of sciences and engineering. To augment the energy transfer, the ternary hybrid nanofluid (Thnf) has been used. After the successful nanofluid working performance, the researchers used this idea in many physical situations. Later on, the researchers tried to further improve the performance of nanofluid with high stability. Motivated from the unique practical applications of hybrid nanofluid, in the present analysis, we have considered ternary nanoliquid, which is obtained by the suspension of three nano particulates in base fluids. The aim of the present research is to highlight the thermal applications of ternary nanofluid in the vertical stretching wall jet flow. The suspension of three different nano solid particles is considered in a base liquid water a jet flow over a vertical extending sheet is addressed. In addition to this, the presence of chemical reaction in the concentration, thermophoresis effect in the energy equation and heat source is also addressed. To model the present phenomena of flow using the modified Buongiorno's model, that highlights the impact of Brownian motion and thermophoresis effect. The present flow problem is modelled in terms of PDE's. To transform the obtained model, we use appropriate similarity variables. The transform model is then solved numerically, using the fast convergence numerical PCM approach (parametric continuation method). The solution obtained is shown through graphical representation by indicating the impact of pertinent flow parameters. Finally, from the present results, we obtained that the performance of Thnf is effective in water as compared to hybrid nanoliquid and mono nanofluid. Furthermore, the motile gyrotactic microbes profile gets lower with the varying values of bioconvection Lewis number and Peclet number.
Constant primary operators and where to find them: the strange case of BPS defects in ABJ(M) theory
Authors: Gorini Nicola , Griguolo Luca , Guerrini Luigi , Penati Silvia , Seminara Domenico , Soresina Paolo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We investigate the one-dimensional defect SCFT defined on the 1/2 BPS Wilson line/loop in ABJ(M) theory. We show that the supermatrix structure of the defect imposes a covariant supermatrix representation of the supercharges. Exploiting this covariant formulation, we prove the existence of a long multiplet whose highest weight state is a constant supermatrix operator. At weak coupling, we study this operator in perturbation theory and confirm that it acquires a non-trivial anomalous dimension. At strong coupling, we conjecture that this operator is dual to the lowest bound state of fluctuations of the fundamental open string in AdS4 × ℂℙ3 around the classical 1/2 BPS solution. Quite unexpectedly, this operator also arises in the cohomological equivalence between bosonic and fermionic Wilson loops. We also discuss some regularization subtleties arising in perturbative calculations on the infinite Wilson line.
Gauge theory geography: charting a path between semiclassical islands
Authors: Poppitz Erich , Wandler F. David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study two semiclassical limits of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory on a spatial torus with a ’t Hooft twist: the “femtouniverse,” where all 𝕋3 directions are small, and deformed Yang-Mills theory on 𝕋2 × 𝕊1, with small 𝕊1 and large or infinite 𝕋2. Carefully defining the symmetries, we show that the classical ground states, while different, have the same transformation properties under the 1-form center symmetry and parity. We argue that this is behind the identical multi-branch θ-dependent vacuum structure of these theories. We then calculate the one-loop potential for the 𝕊1-holonomy in the presence of twists on 𝕋2. We use it to study the quantum stability of the semiclassical ground states in gauge theories with massive or massless adjoint fermions on spatial 𝕋2 × 𝕊1, with a twist in the 𝕋2. The results point towards some interesting features worthy of further study.
The dark dimension and the Swampland
Authors: Montero Miguel , Vafa Cumrun , Valenzuela Irene 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Motivated by principles from the Swampland program, which characterize requirements for a consistent UV completion of quantum gravity, combined with observational data, we are led to a unique corner of the quantum gravity landscape. In particular, using the Distance/Duality conjecture and the smallness of dark energy, we predict the existence of a light tower of states and a unique extra mesoscopic dimension of length $$ l\sim {\Lambda}^{-\frac{1}{4}}\sim {10}^{-6}m $$
l
∼

Λ

−

1
4

∼

10

−
6

m
, with extra massless fermions propagating on it. This automatically leads to a candidate for a tower of sterile neutrinos, and an associated active neutrino mass scale $$ {m}_{\nu}\sim {\left\langle H\right\rangle}^2{\Lambda}^{-\frac{1}{12}}{M}_{\textrm{pl}}^{-\frac{2}{3}} $$

m
ν

∼

H

2

Λ

−

1
12

M
pl

−

2
3

. Moreover, assuming the mechanism for stabilization of this dark dimension leads to similar masses for active and sterile neutrinos we are led to the prediction of a Higgs vev $$ \left\langle H\right\rangle \sim {\Lambda}^{\frac{1}{6}}{M}_{\textrm{pl}}^{\frac{1}{3}} $$

H

∼

Λ

1
6

M
pl

1
3

. Another prediction of the scenario is a species scale $$ \hat{M}\sim {\Lambda}^{\frac{1}{12}}{M}_{\textrm{pl}}^{\frac{2}{3}}\sim {10}^9\hbox{--} {10}^{10} $$

M
̂

∼

Λ

1
12

M
pl

2
3

∼

10
9

–

10
10

GeV, corresponding to the higher-dimensional Planck scale. This energy scale may be related to the resolution of the instability of the Higgs effective potential present at a scale of ~1011 GeV. We also speculate about the interplay between this energy scale and the GZK limit on ultra-high energy cosmic rays.
On the local systolic optimality of Zoll contact forms
Authors: Abbondandolo Alberto , Benedetti Gabriele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe prove a normal form for contact forms close to a Zoll one and deduce that Zoll contact forms on any closed manifold are local maximizers of the systolic ratio. Corollaries of this result are: (1) sharp local systolic inequalities for Riemannian and Finsler metrics close to Zoll ones, (2) the perturbative case of a conjecture of Viterbo on the symplectic capacity of convex bodies, (3) a generalization of Gromov’s non-squeezing theorem in the intermediate dimensions for symplectomorphisms that are close to linear ones.
Burn injury characteristics, referral pattern, treatment (costs), and outcome in burn patients admitted to a hospital with or without a specialized Burn Centre (BURN-Pro)
Authors: Van Yperen Daan T. , Van Lieshout Esther M. M. , Van Baar Margriet E. , Polinder Suzanne , Verhofstad Michael H. J. , Van der Vlies Cornelis H. ,   BURN-Pro Study Group, Cardon Anne Y. M. V. P. , De Rijcke Piet A. R. , Guijt Marc , Klem Taco M. A. L. , Lansink Koen W. W. , Punt Bas J. , Ringburg Akkie N. , Staarink Maarten , Van der Veen Alexander H. , Van Eerten Percy V. , Van Eijck Floortje C. , Vegt Paul A. , Vos Dagmar I. , Waleboer Marco 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Data on the epidemiology, treatment, and outcome of burn patients treated at non-burn centre hospitals are not available. The primary aim was to compare the burn characteristics of patients admitted to a hospital with or without a specialized burn centre.

Methods
This multicentre, prospective, cohort study enrolled patients with burns admitted to a hospital without a burn centre and patients with < 10% total body surface area (TBSA) burned admitted to the burn centre. Primary outcome measure was the burn-related injury characteristics. Secondary outcome measures were adherence to the Emergency Management of Severe Burns (EMSB) referral criteria, treatment (costs), quality of life, and scar quality.

Results
During the 2-year study period, 48 patients were admitted to a non-burn centre and 148 patients to the burn centre. In the non-burn centre group, age [44 (P25–P75 26–61) versus 30 (P25–P75 8–52) years; P = 0.007] and Injury Severity Score [2 (P25–P75 1–4) versus 1 (P25–P75 1–1); P < 0.001] were higher. In the burn centre group, the TBSA burned was significantly higher [4% (P25–P75 2–6) versus 2% (P25–P75 1–4); P = 0.001], and more surgical procedures were performed (in 54 versus 7 patients; P = 0.004). At 12 months, > 85% of the non-burn centre group and > 75% of the burn centre group reported no problems in quality of life. Scar quality score was < 1.5 in both groups, with significantly poorer scores in the burn centre group (P ≤ 0.007).

Conclusion
Both groups differed in patient, burn, and treatment characteristics. At 12 months, quality of life and scar quality were good in both groups. Significantly poorer scar quality scores were found in the burn centre group. This might be related to their larger burns and more frequent surgery. The organization of burn care in the Netherlands seems to work adequately. Patients are treated locally when possible and are transferred when necessary.
Future therapeutic strategies for olfactory disorders: electrical stimulation, stem cell therapy, and transplantation of olfactory epithelium—an overview
Authors: Gunder N. , Dörig P. , Witt M. , Welge-Lüssen A. , Menzel S. , Hummel T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOlfactory disorders may be temporary or permanent and can have various causes. Currently, many COVID-19 patients report a reduced or complete loss of olfactory function. A wide range of treatment options have been investigated in the past, such as olfactory training, acupuncture, medical therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, or surgical excision of olfactory epithelium, e.g., in severe qualitative smell disorders. The development of a bioelectric nose, e.g., in connection with direct electrical stimulation or transplantation of olfactory epithelium or stem cells, represent treatment options of the future. The basis of these developments and the state of knowledge is discussed in the following work.
Generalized Gibbs Ensemble of the Ablowitz–Ladik Lattice, Circular $$\beta $$-Ensemble and Double Confluent Heun Equation
Authors: Grava Tamara , Mazzuca Guido 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe consider the discrete defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation in its integrable version, which is called defocusing Ablowitz–Ladik lattice. We consider periodic boundary conditions with periodNand initial data sampled according to the Generalized Gibbs ensemble. In this setting, the Lax matrix of the Ablowitz–Ladik lattice is a random CMV-periodic matrix and it is related to the Killip-Nenciu Circular$$\beta $$β-ensemble at high-temperature. We obtain the generalized free energy of the Ablowitz–Ladik lattice and the density of states of the random Lax matrix by establishing a mapping to the one-dimensional log-gas. For the Gibbs measure related to the Hamiltonian of the Ablowitz–Ladik flow, we obtain the density of states via a particular solution of the double-confluent Heun equation.
Prognostic Impact of Margin Status in Distal Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Nakagohri Toshio , Takahashi Shinichiro , Ei Shigenori , Masuoka Yoshihito , Mashiko Taro , Ogasawara Toshihito , Hirabayashi Kenichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundA positive ductal margin is strongly associated with poor survival in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma. However, the significance of the radial margin status and its effect on survival are not fully clarified.MethodsAll patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy between January 2000 and December 2018 at Tokai University Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Positive margins were divided into positive ductal margin and positive radial margin.ResultsOne hundred and eight consecutive patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma underwent pancreatoduodenectomy. Margin‐negative R0 resection was performed in 85 patients (79%). Twenty‐three patients (21%) had a positive resection margin (R1 resection). The 5‐year survival rate and median overall survival for patients with R0 resection and those with R1 resection was 64%, 98 months and 25%, 26 months, respectively. There was a significant difference in survival between patients with R0 resection and those with R1 resection (p < 0.001). Patients with positive radial margin (n = 10) had a significantly worse outcome than those with positive ductal margin (n = 13) (p = 0.016). Univariate analysis showed that R1 resection, lymph node metastasis, tumor depth, portal vein invasion, pancreatic invasion, lymphatic invasion, and venous invasion were significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis confirmed that R1 resection and nodal involvement were significant independent prognostic indicators after surgical resection for distal cholangiocarcinoma.ConclusionsPositive surgical margin and nodal involvement were the strongest predictors of poor survival in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma. Patients with a positive radial margin had a significantly worse outcome than those with a positive ductal margin.
Two-year efficacy and safety of risdiplam in patients with type 2 or non-ambulant type 3 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)
Authors: Oskoui Maryam , Day John W. , Deconinck Nicolas , Mazzone Elena S. , Nascimento Andres , Saito Kayoko , Vuillerot Carole , Baranello Giovanni , Goemans Nathalie , Kirschner Janbernd , Kostera-Pruszczyk Anna , Servais Laurent , Papp Gergely , Gorni Ksenija , Kletzl Heidemarie , Martin Carmen , McIver Tammy , Scalco Renata S. , Staunton Hannah , Yeung Wai Yin , Fontoura Paulo , Mercuri Eugenio ,   on behalf of The SUNFISH Working Group
Published: February 2023

AbstractRisdiplam is an oral, survival of motor neuron 2 (SMN2) pre-mRNA splicing modifier approved for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). SUNFISH (NCT02908685) Part 2, a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, investigated the efficacy and safety of risdiplam in type 2 and non‑ambulant type 3 SMA. The primary endpoint was met: a significantly greater change from baseline in 32-item Motor Function Measure (MFM32) total score was observed with risdiplam compared with placebo at month 12. After 12 months, all participants received risdiplam while preserving initial treatment blinding. We report 24-month efficacy and safety results in this population. Month 24 exploratory endpoints included change from baseline in MFM32 and safety. MFM‑derived results were compared with an external comparator. At month 24 of risdiplam treatment, 32% of patients demonstrated improvement (a change of ≥ 3) from baseline in MFM32 total score; 58% showed stabilization (a change of ≥ 0). Compared with an external comparator, a treatment difference of 3.12 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.67–4.57) in favor of risdiplam was observed in MFM-derived scores. Overall, gains in motor function at month 12 were maintained or improved upon at month 24. In patients initially receiving placebo, MFM32 remained stable compared with baseline (0.31 [95% CI – 0.65 to 1.28]) after 12 months of risdiplam; 16% of patients improved their score and 59% exhibited stabilization. The safety profile after 24 months was consistent with that observed after 12 months. Risdiplam over 24 months resulted in further improvement or stabilization in motor function, confirming the benefit of longer-term treatment.