bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topology stabilized fluctuations in a magnetic nodal semimetal
Authors: Drucker Nathan C. , Nguyen Thanh , Han Fei , Siriviboon Phum , Luo Xi , Andrejevic Nina , Zhu Ziming , Bednik Grigory , Nguyen Quynh T. , Chen Zhantao , Nguyen Linh K. , Liu Tongtong , Williams Travis J. , Stone Matthew B. , Kolesnikov Alexander I. , Chi Songxue , Fernandez-Baca Jaime , Nelson Christie S. , Alatas Ahmet , Hogan Tom , Puretzky Alexander A. , Huang Shengxi , Yu Yue , Li Mingda 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe interplay between magnetism and electronic band topology enriches topological phases and has promising applications. However, the role of topology in magnetic fluctuations has been elusive. Here, we report evidence for topology stabilized magnetism above the magnetic transition temperature in magnetic Weyl semimetal candidate CeAlGe. Electrical transport, thermal transport, resonant elastic X-ray scattering, and dilatometry consistently indicate the presence of locally correlated magnetism within a narrow temperature window well above the thermodynamic magnetic transition temperature. The wavevector of this short-range order is consistent with the nesting condition of topological Weyl nodes, suggesting that it arises from the interaction between magnetic fluctuations and the emergent Weyl fermions. Effective field theory shows that this topology stabilized order is wavevector dependent and can be stabilized when the interband Weyl fermion scattering is dominant. Our work highlights the role of electronic band topology in stabilizing magnetic order even in the classically disordered regime.
Comparative genomic analyses reveal the genetic basis of the yellow-seed trait in Brassica napus
Authors: Qu Cunmin , Zhu Meichen , Hu Ran , Niu Yongchao , Chen Si , Zhao Huiyan , Li Chengxiang , Wang Zhen , Yin Nengwen , Sun Fujun , Chen Zhiyou , Shen Shulin , Shang Guoxia , Zhou Yan , Yan Xingying , Wei Lijuan , Liu Liezhao , Yi Bin , Lian Jinmin , Li Jiang , Tang Zhanglin , Liang Ying , Xu Xinfu , Wang Rui , Yin Jiaming , Wan Huafang , Du Hai , Qian Wei , Chai Yourong , Zhou Qingyuan , He Yajun , Zhong Silin , Qiu Xiao , Yu Hao , Lam Hon-Ming , Lu Kun , Fu Fuyou , Li Jiana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractYellow-seed trait is a desirable breeding characteristic of rapeseed (Brassica napus) that could greatly improve seed oil yield and quality. However, the underlying mechanisms controlling this phenotype in B. napus plants are difficult to discern because of their complexity. Here, we assemble high-quality genomes of yellow-seeded (GH06) and black-seeded (ZY821). Combining in-depth fine mapping of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for seed color with other omics data reveal BnA09MYB47a, encoding an R2R3-MYB-type transcription factor, as the causal gene of a major QTL controlling the yellow-seed trait. Functional studies show that sequence variation of BnA09MYB47a underlies the functional divergence between the yellow- and black-seeded B. napus. The black-seed allele BnA09MYB47aZY821, but not the yellow-seed allele BnA09MYB47aGH06, promotes flavonoid biosynthesis by directly activating the expression of BnTT18. Our discovery suggests a possible approach to breeding B. napus for improved commercial value and facilitates flavonoid biosynthesis studies in Brassica crops.
Whole genomic analysis reveals atypical non-homologous off-target large structural variants induced by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing
Authors: Tsai Hsiu-Hui , Kao Hsiao-Jung , Kuo Ming-Wei , Lin Chin-Hsien , Chang Chun-Min , Chen Yi-Yin , Chen Hsiao-Huei , Kwok Pui-Yan , Yu Alice L. , Yu John 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCRISPR-Cas9 genome editing has promising therapeutic potential for genetic diseases and cancers, but safety could be a concern. Here we use whole genomic analysis by 10x linked-read sequencing and optical genome mapping to interrogate the genome integrity after editing and in comparison to four parental cell lines. In addition to the previously reported large structural variants at on-target sites, we identify heretofore unexpected large chromosomal deletions (91.2 and 136 Kb) at atypical non-homologous off-target sites without sequence similarity to the sgRNA in two edited lines. The observed large structural variants induced by CRISPR-Cas9 editing in dividing cells may result in pathogenic consequences and thus limit the usefulness of the CRISPR-Cas9 editing system for disease modeling and gene therapy. In this work, our whole genomic analysis may provide a valuable strategy to ensure genome integrity after genomic editing to minimize the risk of unintended effects in research and clinical applications.
Effects of paleogeographic changes and CO2 variability on northern mid-latitudinal temperature gradients in the Cretaceous
Authors: Gianchandani Kaushal , Maor Sagi , Adam Ori , Farnsworth Alexander , Gildor Hezi , Lunt Daniel J. , Paldor Nathan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Cretaceous ‘greenhouse’ period (~145 to ~66 million years ago, Ma) in Earth’s history is relatively well documented by multiple paleoproxy records, which indicate that the meridional sea surface temperature (SST) gradient increased (non-monotonically) from the Valanginian (~135 Ma) to the Maastrichtian (~68 Ma). Changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration, solar constant, and paleogeography are the primary drivers of variations in the spatiotemporal distribution of SST. However, the particular contribution of each of these drivers (and their underlying mechanisms) to changes in the SST distribution remains poorly understood. Here we use data from a suite of paleoclimate simulations to compare the relative effects of atmospheric CO2 variability and paleogeographic changes on mid-latitudinal SST gradient through the Cretaceous. Further, we use a fundamental model of wind-driven ocean gyres to quantify how changes in the Northern Hemisphere paleogeography weaken the circulation in subtropical ocean gyres, leading to an increase in extratropical SSTs.
In-memory mechanical computing
Authors: Mei Tie , Chen Chang Qing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMechanical computing requires matter to adapt behavior according to retained knowledge, often through integrated sensing, actuation, and control of deformation. However, inefficient access to mechanical memory and signal propagation limit mechanical computing modules. To overcome this, we developed an in-memory mechanical computing architecture where computing occurs within the interaction network of mechanical memory units. Interactions embedded within data read-write interfaces provided function-complete and neuromorphic computing while reducing data traffic and simplifying data exchange. A reprogrammable mechanical binary neural network and a mechanical self-learning perceptron were demonstrated experimentally in 3D printed mechanical computers, as were all 16 logic gates and truth-table entries that are possible with two inputs and one output. The in-memory mechanical computing architecture enables the design and fabrication of intelligent mechanical systems.
Electron–phonon physics from first principles using the EPW code
Authors: Lee Hyungjun , Poncé Samuel , Bushick Kyle , Hajinazar Samad , Lafuente-Bartolome Jon , Leveillee Joshua , Lian Chao , Lihm Jae-Mo , Macheda Francesco , Mori Hitoshi , Paudyal Hari , Sio Weng Hong , Tiwari Sabyasachi , Zacharias Marios , Zhang Xiao , Bonini Nicola , Kioupakis Emmanouil , Margine Elena R. , Giustino Feliciano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEPW is an open-source software for ab initio calculations of electron–phonon interactions and related materials properties. The code combines density functional perturbation theory and maximally localized Wannier functions to efficiently compute electron–phonon coupling matrix elements, and to perform predictive calculations of temperature-dependent properties and phonon-assisted quantum processes in bulk solids and low-dimensional materials. Here, we report on significant developments in the code since 2016, namely: a transport module for the calculation of charge carrier mobility under electric and magnetic fields using the Boltzmann transport equation; a superconductivity module for calculations of phonon-mediated superconductors using the anisotropic multi-band Eliashberg theory; an optics module for calculations of phonon-assisted indirect transitions; a module for the calculation of small and large polarons without supercells; and a module for calculating band structure renormalization and temperature-dependent optical spectra using the special displacement method. For each capability, we outline the methodology and implementation and provide example calculations.
Ferric citrate and apo-transferrin enable erythroblast maturation with β-globin from hemogenic endothelium
Authors: Jeon Soo-Been , Koh Hyebin , Han A-Reum , Kim Jieun , Lee Sunghun , Lee Jae-Ho , Im Seung-Soon , Yoon Young-sup , Lee Jong-Hee , Lee Ji Yoon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRed blood cell (RBC) generation from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offers potential for innovative cell therapy in regenerative medicine as well as developmental studies. Ex vivo erythropoiesis from PSCs is currently limited by the low efficiency of functional RBCs with β-globin expression in culture systems. During induction of β-globin expression, the absence of a physiological microenvironment, such as a bone marrow niche, may impair cell maturation and lineage specification. Here, we describe a simple and reproducible culture system that can be used to generate erythroblasts with β-globin expression. We prepared a two-dimensional defined culture with ferric citrate treatment based on definitive hemogenic endothelium (HE). Floating erythroblasts derived from HE cells were primarily CD45+CD71+CD235a+ cells, and their number increased remarkably upon Fe treatment. Upon maturation, the erythroblasts cultured in the presence of ferric citrate showed high transcriptional levels of β-globin and enrichment of genes associated with heme synthesis and cell cycle regulation, indicating functionality. The rapid maturation of these erythroblasts into RBCs was observed when injected in vivo, suggesting the development of RBCs that were ready to grow. Hence, induction of β-globin expression may be explained by the effects of ferric citrate that promote cell maturation by binding with soluble transferrin and entering the cells.Taken together, upon treatment with Fe, erythroblasts showed advanced maturity with a high transcription of β-globin. These findings can help devise a stable protocol for the generation of clinically applicable RBCs.
RNA interference targeting ANGPTL3 for triglyceride and cholesterol lowering: phase 1 basket trial cohorts
Authors: Watts Gerald F. , Schwabe Christian , Scott Russell , Gladding Patrick A. , Sullivan David , Baker John , Clifton Peter , Hamilton James , Given Bruce , Melquist Stacey , Zhou Rong , Chang Ting , San Martin Javier , Gaudet Daniel , Goldberg Ira J. , Knowles Joshua W. , Hegele Robert A. , Ballantyne Christie M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElevated triglycerides and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). ARO-ANG3 is an RNA interference therapy that targets angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), a regulator of lipoprotein metabolism. This first-in-human, phase 1, randomized, placebo-controlled, open-label trial investigated single and repeat ARO-ANG3 doses in four cohorts of fifty-two healthy participants and one cohort of nine participants with hepatic steatosis, part of a basket trial. Safety (primary objective) and pharmacokinetics (in healthy participants) and pharmacodynamics (secondary objectives) of ARO-ANG3 were evaluated. ARO-ANG3 was generally well tolerated, with similar frequencies of treatment-emergent adverse events in active and placebo groups. Systemic absorption of ARO-ANG3 in healthy participants was rapid and sustained, with a mean Tmax of 6.0–10.5 h and clearance from plasma within 24–48 h after dosing with a mean t½ of 3.9–6.6 h. In healthy participants, ARO-ANG3 treatment reduced ANGPTL3 (mean −45% to −78%) 85 days after dose. Reductions in triglyceride (median −34% to −54%) and non-HDL-C (mean −18% to −29%) (exploratory endpoints) concentrations occurred with the three highest doses. These early-phase data support ANGPTL3 as a potential therapeutic target for ASCVD treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03747224
Association of nocturia of self-report with estimated glomerular filtration rate: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES 2005–2018
Authors: Song Jianling , Ke Ben , Fang Xiangdong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNocturia is a manifestation of systemic diseases, in which chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent predictor of nocturia due to its osmotic diuretic mechanism. However, to our knowledge, previous studies have not examined the association between nocturia and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The purpose of this study was to assess the association between nocturia exposure and eGFR in the general US population. This study presents a cross-sectional analysis of the general US population enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018. To account for potential confounding factors, linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between nocturia and eGFR. Stratified analyses and interaction tests were employed to examine the variables of interest. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted across diverse populations. A total of 12,265 individuals were included in the study. After controlling for confounding factors, the results of the linear regression analysis indicated that a single increase in nocturnal voiding frequency was associated with a decrease in eGFR by 2.0 mL/min/1.73 m2. In comparison to individuals with a nocturnal urinary frequency of 0, those who voided 1, 2, 3, 4, and ≥ 5 times at night experienced a decrease in eGFR by 3.1, 5.4, 6.4, 8.6 and 4.0 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Nocturia was found to be associated with a decreased eGFR of 4 mL/min/1.73 m2 when compared to individuals without nocturia. The sensitivity analysis yielded consistent findings regarding the association between nocturia and eGFR in both CKD and non-CKD populations, as well as in hypertensive and non-hypertensive populations. Nevertheless, inconsistent conclusions were observed across various prognostic risk populations within the CKD context. The presence of nocturia and heightened frequency of nocturnal urination have been found to be associated with a decline in eGFR.
A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study on the prefrontal correlates of cognitive offloading via a personal knowledge assistant
Authors: Geissler Christoph , Gauselmann Paula , Jilek Christian , Maus Heiko , Frings Christian , Tempel Tobias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe saving of previously encoded information boosts both memory for subsequent information (saving-enhanced memory; SEM) as well as cognitive performance in general (saving-enhanced performance; SEP). These findings have been replicated in a setting that involves the assistance by an intelligent software that automatically structures and saves work content in an interactive sidebar. It is assumed that beneficial effects on cognitive performance due to (automatic) saving are caused by a reduction in current workload by means of cognitive offloading. We tested this assumption by measuring neural activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) via functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)—once after saving and once after deleting of previously collected information that had to be recalled later-on. On a behavioral level, there was a brief benefit of saving. However, cognitive offloading became most apparent on a neural level: after saving, participants showed significantly lower activation in the right DLPFC. Also, the more participants benefited from cognitive offloading, the more they were able to re-access previously collected, saved information. Thus, fNIRS results indicated reduced mental load after saving, confirming the assumption that saving triggers cognitive offloading.
Functional network structure supports resilience to memory deficits in cognitively normal older adults with amyloid-β pathology
Authors: Adams Jenna N. , Chappel-Farley Miranda G. , Yaros Jessica L. , Taylor Lisa , Harris Alyssa L. , Mikhail Abanoub , McMillan Liv , Keator David B. , Yassa Michael A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOlder adults may harbor large amounts of amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, yet still perform at age-normal levels on memory assessments. We tested whether functional brain networks confer resilience or compensatory mechanisms to support memory in the face of Aβ pathology. Sixty-five cognitively normal older adults received high-resolution resting state fMRI to assess functional networks, 18F-florbetapir-PET to measure Aβ, and a memory assessment. We characterized functional networks with graph metrics of local efficiency (information transfer), modularity (specialization of functional modules), and small worldness (balance of integration and segregation). There was no difference in functional network measures between older adults with high Aβ (Aβ+) compared to those with no/low Aβ (Aβ−). However, in Aβ+ older adults, increased local efficiency, modularity, and small worldness were associated with better memory performance, while this relationship did not occur Aβ− older adults. Further, the association between increased local efficiency and better memory performance in Aβ+ older adults was localized to local efficiency of the default mode network and hippocampus, regions vulnerable to Aβ and involved in memory processing. Our results suggest functional networks with modular and efficient structures are associated with resilience to Aβ pathology, providing a functional target for intervention.
Outdoor mm-wave 5G/6G transmission with adaptive analog beamforming and IFoF fronthaul
Authors: Pérez Santacruz Javier , Meyer Elmine , Budé Roel X. F. , Stan Catalina , Jurado-Navas Antonio , Johannsen Ulf , Tafur Monroy Idelfonso , Rommel Simon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdaptive analog beamforming is a key technology to enable spatial control of millimeter-wave wireless signals radiated from phased array antennas (PAAs) which is essential to maximize the capacity of future mobile networks and to ensure efficient usage of scarce spectrum. Intermediate frequency-over-fiber (IFoF), on the other hand, is a promising technology for the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) mobile fronthaul due to its low complexity, high optical spectral efficiency, and low latency. The combination of IFoF and PAA is key to implement mm-wave mobile communications in a scalable, centralized, efficient, and reliable manner. This work presents, for the first time to the best of the authors’ knowledge, an extensive outdoor measurement campaign where an experimental IFoF mm-wave wireless setup is evaluated by using PAAs with adaptive beamforming on the transmitter and receiver sides. The configuration of the experimental setup is according to 5G standards, transmitting signals wirelessly at 27 GHz central frequency in the n258 band. The employed PAAs are composed of 8-by-8 patch antenna arrays, allowing beam steering in the azimuth and elevation angles. Furthermore, different end-user locations, antenna configurations, and wireless scenarios are tested in the outdoor experiment, showing excellent EVM performance and achieving 64-QAM transmission over up to 165.5 m at up to 1.88 Gbit/s. The experimental results enable optimization of the experimental setup for different scenarios and prove the system’s reliability in different wireless conditions. In addition, the results of this work prove the viability and potential of IFoF combined with PAA to be part of the future 5G/6G structure.
Association of lower plasma citric acid with prolonged cough: the Nagahama study
Authors: Terada Satoru , Matsumoto Hisako , Nishi Kenta , Kogo Mariko , Nomura Natsuko , Tashima Noriyuki , Morimoto Chie , Sunadome Hironobu , Nagasaki Tadao , Oguma Tsuyoshi , Nakatsuka Yoshinari , Murase Kimihiko , Kawaguchi Takahisa , Tabara Yasuharu , Sonomura Kazuhiro , Matsuda Fumihiko , Chin Kazuo , Hirai Toyohiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLittle is known about the association of prolonged cough, a common and troublesome symptom, with metabolic pathways. We aimed to clarify this association using data from the Nagahama cohort, a prospective study of participants from the general population. Self-report questionnaires on prolonged cough were collected at baseline and 5-year follow-up assessments. Blood tests at follow-up were used for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. The association between metabolites and prolonged cough was examined using the partial least squares discriminant analysis and multiple regression analysis. Among the 7432 participants, 632 had newly developed prolonged cough at follow-up, which was defined as “new-onset prolonged cough”. Low plasma citric acid was significantly associated with new-onset prolonged cough, even after the adjustment of confounding factors including the presence of asthma, upper airway cough syndrome (UACS), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). A similar association was observed for isocitric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid. The analysis of these four metabolites revealed that citric acid had the strongest association with new-onset prolonged cough. This significant association remained even when the analysis was confined to participants with UACS or GERD at baseline or follow-up, and these associations were also observed in participants (n = 976) who had prolonged cough at follow-up regardless of baseline status. In conclusion, low blood citric acid may be associated with prolonged cough.
Routine screening of abnormal vaginal flora during pregnancy reduces the odds of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hoffmann Eszter , Váncsa Szilárd , Váradi Alex , Hegyi Péter , Nagy Rita , Hamar Balázs , Futács Vanda , Kepkep Begüm , Nyirády Péter , Demendi Csaba , Ács Nándor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrematurity is the leading cause of perinatal mortality and the morbidity among children under the age of 5. The prevalence of preterm birth is between 5 and 18% worldwide. Approximately 30% of preterm deliveries occur as a consequence of fetal or maternal infections. Bacterial vaginosis can increase the risk of ascending infections. However, there is no recommendation or protocol for screening of abnormal vaginal flora. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effectiveness of routine screening of abnormal vaginal flora during pregnancy care. We conducted our systematic search in the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Studies reporting on pregnant women with no symptoms of bacterial vaginosis were included in our analysis if they provided data on the outcome of their pregnancy. The intervention group went through screening of abnormal vaginal flora in addition to routine pregnancy care. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was used as effect size measure. From each study the total number of patients and number of events was extracted in both the intervention and control arm to calculate OR. Altogether we included 13 trials with 143,534 patients. The screening methods were Gram stain, pH screening, pH self-screening and pH screening combined with Gram stain. Regular screening of vaginal flora compared to no screening significantly reduces the odds of preterm birth before 37 weeks (8.98% vs 9.42%; OR 0.71, CI 0.57–0.87), birthweight under 2500 g (6.53% vs 7.24%; OR 0.64, CI 0.50–0.81), preterm birth before 32 weeks (1.35% vs 2.03%; OR 0.51, CI 0.31–0.85) and birthweight under 1000 g (0.86% vs 2.2%; OR 0.33, CI 0.19–0.57). In conclusion, the routine screening of abnormal vaginal flora might prevent preterm birth, extreme preterm birth, low birthweight deliveries and very low birthweight deliveries. Further research is needed to assess the problem more accurately.