bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence trends and survival of metastatic prostate cancer with bone and visceral involvement: 2010-2019 surveillance, epidemiology, and end results
Authors: Kadeerhan Gaohaer , Xue Bo , Wu Xiao-Lin , Chen Wei-Nan , Wang Dong-Wen 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) has continued to increase since the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations against prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening for all men in 2012, approximately half of additional diagnosed cases are advanced-stage, including regional PCa and metastatic PCa (mPCa). It is very important to investigate the shift in mPCa incidence and mPCa-related mortality risk, as the survival of mPCa remains poor.ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence temporal trend of mPCa stratified by metastatic site, including bone and visceral metastatic involvement, and potential survival improvements.MaterialsBased on the recently released Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data (2010-2019), the age-adjusted incidence rates of mPCa with bone and visceral involvement with annual percentage changes (APCs) were assessed by a joinpoint regression model in men aged 45 years and older by age and race groups, and potential recent improvements in overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were estimated by the Kaplan−Meier method and Cox regression model.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2019, a total of 19081 (84.8%) and 3413 (15.2%) mPCa patients with bone and visceral involvement, respectively, were recorded in the SEER database. Considering all races and age groups, the incidence rate of mPCa with bone metastasis remained stable during 2017-2019 (APC, 0.9%; p=0.421) after increasing during 2010-2017 (APC, 5.8%; p&lt;0.001). For visceral metastasis, the incidence rate increased by 12.3% (p&lt;0.001) per year from 2010-2019. Non-Hispanic Black men have higher incidence rates than other populations, and the Non-Hispanic Black to Non-Hispanic White incidence rates ratios of mPCa declined with the greater increasing pace of incidence of Non-Hispanic White men. There was a slight improvement in both OS and CSS among men with bone and visceral metastasis involvement when comparing the 2013-2016 period to the pre-2013 period.ConclusionOur findings show that the incidence of mPCa with bone and visceral involvement has increased in recent years and that there has been a potential improvement in survival. Future efforts are still needed to watch closely if the rising incidence trends continue.
Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma—a single-institution experience with 51 cases
Authors: Feng Lei , Li Manjie , Huang Zhuo , Xu Mingqing 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to describe the experience at a single institution in the management of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE).MethodsWe included 51 patients with histologically confirmed HEHE. We performed log-rank (Cox–Mantel) survival analyses using Kaplan–Meier methods to test differences in survival between patients in different groups. Univariate Cox regression analyses and multivariate proportional hazards regression model were carried out to identify independent prognostic factors.ResultsDifferent imaging modalities were used to diagnose HEHE with various presentations. Liver resection (LR), liver transplantation (LT), systemic treatment (ST), and surveillance had been used in our study. A significant difference was noted between the LR group and the surveillance group with respect to mean survival (p = 0.006), as was in the LR group and the ST group (p = 0.036), and in surgical approach (LR and LT) and nonsurgical approach (ST and surveillance) (p = 0.008). The mean survival between the ST group and the surveillance group was not significantly different (p = 0.851). LR (p = 0.010) and surgical approach (p = 0.014) were favorable predictors of outcome, while macrovascular invasion (MaVI) (p = 0.037), lung metastasis (p = 0.040), and surveillance (p = 0.033) were poor prognostic factors in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that LR (p = 0.010) and surgical approach (p = 0.014) were independently associated with good OS, while surveillance (p = 0.033) was independently associated with poor OS. After adjusting for confounding factors, patients in the LR group have much better OS than those in the surveillance group (p = 0.013). However, there was no significant difference in OS between the LR group and ST group (p = 0.254), as was in the ST group and the surveillance group (p = 0.857).ConclusionsThe definitive diagnosis of HEHE was dependent on histopathology, and it was not possible to make a specific diagnosis without biopsy because the radiological findings were similar to those in some hepatic malignancies. ST was not recommended for patients who were not candidates for surgical approaches, and surgical approaches should be warranted regardless of disease stage. The retrospective nature and the small size of the data limited the generalizability of the study, designing a worldwide database that contains all data about patients with HEHE independent of their therapy, which was highly recommended.
Epidemiological characteristics of common respiratory infectious diseases in children before and during the COVID-19 epidemic
Authors: Wang Bing , Gai Xiangzhen , Han Yuling , Liu Yanqin , Zhang Yun , Sun Jing , Liu Miao , Yu Huafeng , Peng Zhenju , Wei Xiaoling , Chang Yuna , Ma Xiang , Gai Zhongtao 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundSince the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), public's awareness of infection prevention and control has increased overall, and various prevention and control measures have been adopted. These measures may also have a certain impact on the occurrence of other infectious diseases. Therefore, we collected information on children with several respiratory infectious diseases in Jinan Children's Hospital in China from 2016 to 2022 and analyzed their changes.MethodWe collected data on age, sex and number of cases of pertussis, measles, scarlet fever, pulmonary tuberculosis, mumps and influenza, which were diagnosed by clinical and laboratory criteria, from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2022 in Jinan Children's Hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province, China. Data on the number of people affected by these diseases in China from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were compared. Then, we processed the data by using WPS Excel 2019 and SPSS.ResultsA total of 12,225 cases were included in this study in Jinan Children's Hospital, which consisted of 3,688 cases of pertussis (2,200 cases before COVID-19 and 1,488 during COVID-19), 680 cases of measles (650 cases before COVID-19 and 30 during COVID-19), 4,688 cases of scarlet fever (4,001 cases before COVID-19 and 687 during COVID-19), 114 cases of tuberculosis (86 cases before COVID-19 and 28 during COVID-19), 449 cases of mumps (340 cases before COVID-19 and 109 during COVID-19) and 2,606 cases of influenza (1,051 cases before COVID-19 and 1,555 during COVID-19). The numbers of children in the hospital with pertussis, measles, scarlet fever, mumps and influenza decreased substantially during COVID-19 in 2020–2022 compared with numbers in 2016–2019, while numbers of patients in China with all six respiratory infectious diseases, including pulmonary tuberculosis, declined during the pandemic. A rebound of pertussis, scarlet fever and influenza was observed in 2021 and 2022.ConclusionsThe study found that viral pathogens such as those causing measles, mumps and influenza all decreased during the pandemic, after which influenza rebounded. Infection diseases caused by bacteria such as scarlet fever and pertussis also decreased during COVID-19, and then a rebound occurred. However, tuberculosis stayed relatively constant.
Labeling male anorectal malformations: objective evaluation of radiologic imaging before surgery
Authors: Morandi A. , Maestri F. , Ichino M. , Pavesi M. A. , Macchini F. , Di Cesare A. , Leva E. 
Published: August 2023

PurposeProne cross-table lateral x-ray (CTLxR) and colostogram aid surgical planning for anorectal malformations (ARMs) without perineal fistulas. We suggest objective imaging tools to classify ARMs.MethodsThree observers prospectively evaluated CTLxR and colostograms of male ARM patients (2012–2022) without perineal fistulas. The level of the rectal pouch was estimated with pubococcygeal (PC) and ischiatic (I) lines. On CTLxR, we described the “pigeon sign”, defined as the rectal pouch ending with a beak-like image, suspicious for a rectourinary fistula. ARM was defined as rectobulbar when the rectal pouch was below the I line, rectoprostatic when between PC and I lines, and rectovesical when above the PC line. Concordance was assessed with Fleiss' kappa. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the “pigeon sign” were calculated.ResultsThirteen patients were included in this study. The interobserver agreement on CTLxR was 69.2% (k = 0.54) on pouch ending, 84.6% (k = 0.69) on the “pigeon sign”, and 76.9% (k = 0.69) on diagnosis; concordance between observers and intraoperative diagnosis was 66.6% (k = 0.56). The “pigeon sign” had 75% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 50% NPV. The interobserver agreement on colostograms was 84.6% (k = 0.77) on pouch ending and 89.7% (k = 0.86) on diagnosis; concordance between observers and intraoperative diagnosis was 92.3% (k = 0.90).ConclusionPC and I lines and the “pigeon sign” are useful tools in examining CTLxR and colostograms. Adequate CTLxR interpretation may modify surgical strategy.
Assessing water stress in a high-density apple orchard using trunk circumference variation, sap flow index and stem water potential
Authors: Wheeler William D. , Black Brent , Bugbee Bruce 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAutomated plant-based measurements of water stress have the potential to advance precision irrigation in orchard crops. Previous studies have shown correlations between sap flow, line variable differential transform (LVDT) dendrometers and fruit tree drought response. Here we report season-long automated measurement of maximum daily change in trunk diameter using band dendrometers and heated needles to measure a simplified sap flow index (SFI).MethodsMeasurements were made on two apple cultivars that were stressed at 7 to 12 day intervals by withholding irrigation until the average stem water potential (ΨStem) dropped below -1.5 MPa, after which irrigation was restored and the drought cycle repeated.ResultsDendrometer measurements of maximum daily trunk shrinkage (MDS) were highly correlated (r² = 0.85) with pressure chamber measurements of stem water potential. The SFI measurements were less correlated with stem water potential but were highly correlated with evaporative demand (r² = 0.82) as determined by the Penman-Monteith equation (ETr).DiscussionThe high correlation of SFI to ETr suggests that high-density orchards resemble a continuous surface, unlike orchards with widely spaced trees. The correlations of MDS and SFI to ΨStem were higher during the early season than the late season growth. Band dendrometers are less labor intensive to install than LVDT dendrometers and are non-invasive so are well suited to commercialization.
Utilizing differences in bTH tolerance between the parents of two-line hybrid rice to improve the purity of hybrid rice seed
Authors: Zhang Xiuli , Wang Qing , Fan Guojian , Tang Li , Shao Ye , Mao Bigang , Lv Qiming , Zhao Bingran 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionTwo-line hybrid rice based on Photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (P/TGMS) lines has been developed and applied widely in agriculture due to the freedom in making hybrid combinations, less difficulty in breeding sterile lines, and simpler procedures for breeding and producing hybrid seed. However, there are certain risks associated with hybrid seed production; if the temperature during the P/TGMS fertility-sensitive period is lower than the critical temperature, seed production will fail due to self-pollination. In a previous study, we found that the issue of insufficient purity of two-line hybrid rice seed could be initially addressed by using the difference in tolerance to β-triketone herbicides (bTHs) between the female parent and the hybrid seeds.MethodsIn this study, we further investigated the types of applicable herbicides, application methods, application time, and the effects on physiological and biochemical indexes and yield in rice.ResultsThe results showed that this method could be used for hybrid purification by soaking seeds and spraying plants with the bTH benzobicylon (BBC) at safe concentrations in the range of 37.5-112.5 mg/L, and the seeds could be soaked in BBC at a treatment rate of 75.0 mg/L for 36-55 h without significant negative effects. The safe concentration for spraying in the field is 50.0-400.0 mg/L BBC at the three-leaf stage. Unlike BBC, Mesotrione (MST) can only be sprayed to achieve hybrid purification at concentrations between 10.0 and 70.0 mg/L without affecting yield. The three methods of hybrid seed purification can reach 100% efficiency without compromising the nutritional growth and yield of hybrid rice. Moreover, transcriptome sequencing revealed that 299 up-regulated significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the resistant material (Huazhan) poisoned by BBC, were mainly enriched in phenylalanine metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, it may eliminate the toxic effects of herbicides through this way.DiscussionOur study establishes a foundation for the application of the bTH seed purification strategy and the three methods provide an effective mechanism for improving the purity of two-line hybrid rice seeds.
Short-term effects of the “I Spy Feelings” program on emotion regulation in 5- to 6-year-old children
Authors: Arthur Annaliese , McDevitt Maryanne , Rooney Rosanna M. , MacLeod Amber , Kane Robert T. , Tonta Kate , McMillan Kaitlin , Peckover Jacob , Baughman Natalie 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMental health difficulties in early childhood can have a debilitating and ongoing impact throughout an individual’s life; emotion regulation can serve as a protective factor. Therefore, evidence-based prevention programs that teach children effective skills and strategies for emotion regulation are needed.MethodsAs part of the Aussie Optimism pilot study evaluating the “I Spy Feelings” program, this study aims to assess the short-term effects of the program on emotion regulation in pre-primary aged children after 2 months via a longitudinal cluster randomized controlled trial. Participants included parents (N = 73) of 5- to 6-year-old children attending four different Catholic primary schools. Children from two of the schools were allocated to the intervention group where they participated in the program (N = 33), while children from the other two schools were allocated to the control group where they did not (N = 40). At each time point, all parents completed abridged Children’s Emotional Management Scales measuring how well parents believe their child is able to cope with anger, sadness and worry.ResultsA significant intervention effect 2 months after intervention was found for the outcome of anger coping such that parents whose children were in the intervention group reported significantly greater improvement in their children’s ability to cope with anger compared to parents whose children were in the control group. No significant effect was found for the outcome of sadness, and results for the worry subscale were inconclusive due to unacceptable internal consistency.DiscussionThe present study provides insight into the benefit of programs designed to enhance the emotion regulation skills of very young children. Further follow-up is needed to assess whether the “I Spy Feelings” program has lasting effects.
A conceptual study on the relationship between daily stressors, stressful life events, and mental health in refugees using network analysis
Authors: Behrendt Malte , Vervliet Marianne , Rota Marina , Adeyinka Sarah , Uzureau Océane , Rasmussen Andrew , Glaesmer Heide , Lietaert Ine , Derluyn Ilse 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThere is growing recognition that daily stressors, such as social and material deficiencies, can be highly detrimental to the mental health of refugees. These stressors are in addition to stressful life events, which have been widely studied in the context of migration and forced displacement. Despite increasing evidence for an ecological model, there is still no consensus regarding the conceptualization of these highly influential factors. In particular, the demarcation of daily stressors from stressful life events and the categorization of daily stressors require further examination in order to develop usable and accurate tools for researchers, design effective interventions for practitioners and assist politicians in designing meaningful policies.MethodsTo address these challenges, we used data from a sample of 392 unaccompanied young refugees from diverse backgrounds and employed network analysis to examine the relationships between daily stressors, stressful life events, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress.ResultsOur findings highlight the significant relationship between daily stressors and mental health, particularly depression. Meaningful clusters of daily stressors include material stressors, social stressors, and social exclusion stressors.ConclusionOur results demonstrate the importance of considering daily stressors in the mental health of refugees and suggest that using a network approach offers a viable way to study these complex interrelationships. These findings have implications for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in understanding and addressing the mental health needs of refugees.
Association between gut microbiota and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Grau-Del Valle Carmen , Fernández Javier , Solá Eva , Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada , Morillas Carlos , Bañuls Celia 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn recent years, it has been described that the dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota plays a transcendental role in several pathologies. In this sense, the importance of the gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis, with a bidirectional communication, has been demonstrated. Furthermore, the gut microbiota has been linked with mood disorders and neuropsychiatric disorders.MethodsA systematic review of two databases – PubMed and Scopus – was carried out following PRISMA guidelines. We included original studies in humans with a control group published in the last 11 years, which were assessed by the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) to confirm their quality. Eighteen articles met all the selection criteria.ResultsA review of the articles revealed an association between psychiatric disorders and different bacterial phyla. The studies we have reviewed have demonstrated differences between subjects with psychiatric disorders and controls and highlight a clear relationship between depression, stress, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), psychotic episodes, eating disorders, anxiety and brain function and the gut microbiota composition.ConclusionA reduction of fermentative taxa has been observed in different psychiatric disorders, resulting in a decrease in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and an increase in pro-inflammatory taxa, both of which may be consequences of the exacerbation of these pathologies.
A 2-year follow-up of the effects of combined binge drinking and cannabis consumption on academic performance and adjustment in Spanish third-year university students
Authors: Páramo María Fernanda , Cadaveira Fernando , Rodríguez María Soledad 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe study was based on 2-year follow-up of the effects of binge drinking and cannabis co-consumption on academic performance and adjustment in Spanish Third-Year University Students and to further explore the impact of academic adjustment on this relationship.MethodsA total of 144 students (aged 19–20 years) enrolled in the third year of university completed the study. The students were recruited during in first academic year (T1) via a survey that included items regarding the use of alcohol (AUDIT-C), cannabis and other drugs and demographic variables. Then, participants meeting the study criteria were then selected and invited by e-mail to a clinical (face-to face) structured interview. The participants completed a calendar of alcohol consumption during the 6 months prior to the interview (Alcohol Timeline Follow back), and recorded cannabis consumption in 3 months prior to the interview. To examine the effects of alcohol and cannabis co-consumption on the outcome variables, we categorized participants into three consumption groups (i.e., control, BD, and BDCA) based on the number of BD days and cannabis unit scores.ResultsBinge drinking and cannabis co-consumption in first-year students was significantly associated with poor academic performance and adjustment after 2 years of undergraduate study. Relative to controls, co-consumers (BDCA) reported significantly lower academic and personal-emotional adjustment to university as well as poorer performance. Mediation analysis showed that academic adjustment explains the mechanism by which BDCAs perform less well, mediating the relationship between co-consumption and academic performance, with an indirect effect representing 64.61% of the total effect. Furthermore, the mediating effect of academic adjustment was maintained after controlling for academic adjustment and baseline grade point average (T1).ConclusionThis prospective follow-up study helps to further our knowledge of how combined binge drinking and cannabis consumption may affect university adjustment and academic success in Spanish university students Overall, the study results should encourage health professionals, educational psychologists and academic institutions to take ownership of the need for support and involvement in prevention, as well as for provision of guidelines for implementing appropriate intervention strategies.
The relationship between locus of control and pre-competitive anxiety in highly trained soccer players
Authors: Amar Imen Ben , Gomni Chiraz , Chortane Oussama Gaied , Khmiri Aymen , Ghouaiel Rania , Baker Julien S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPrevious studies have not considered the potential association between locus of control and precompetitive anxiety in elite soccer players. Accordingly, this cross-sectional study examined The prediction of locus of control on precompetitive anxiety in highly trained cadet soccer players.ObjectiveBased on a literature review, our research question was: can the locus of control be considered as an explanatory element of precompetitive anxiety?MethodsThirty-five Tunisian highly trained soccer players licensed from two regional soccer clubs aged between 15 and 16 years participated in the resent study. All participants were evaluated using the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) and the Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. The relationship between measures of anxiety, self-confidence and the locus of control scores were analyzed using Pearson’s product–moment correlation coefficient. Further, multiple linear stepwise multiple regression models were calculated to determine the most robust predictors of the locus of control.ResultsBased on our findings, the regression analysis explains up to 21.3% of the total variation of our independent variable (locus of control) and explains only 21.3% of the variability of our dependent variable somatic anxiety. Furthermore, locus of control explains 61.9% of the variability in self-confidence.ConclusionThe locus of control can be used for the detection and selection of young athletic talent to identify individuals with the best psychological aptitude to cope with psychological problems related to sports performance. Preparing highly trained soccer players on how to deal with their anxiety could prevent them from becoming overwhelmed when they feel powerless to change their situation during competition.