bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning surface wettability of MoS2 to enhance solar‐driven evaporation rates
Authors: Emrinaldi Tengku , Dwiputra Muhammad Adam , Fareza Ananta R. , Umar Akrajas Ali , Nugroho Ferry Anggoro Ardy , Ginting Riski Titian , Fauzia Vivi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a promising two‐dimensional photothermal material, possesses the capability to convert solar irradiation into thermal energy. This conversion is beneficial for processes like wastewater treatment and seawater desalination. Nevertheless, the influence of the surface chemical properties of MoS2, particularly its wettability, on the evaporation rate of water confined to the surface remains unexplored. In our study, we demonstrate that the wettability degree of MoS2 significantly influences its water evaporation rate performance. Interestingly, this parameter can be simply and accurately modulated by altering the synthesis time of MoS2. We synthesized MoS2 via a simple hydrothermal method at three different durations: 16, 20, and 24 h, at 200°C. Subsequently, we impregnated the resultant MoS2 onto air‐laid paper (ALP), forming a solar‐driven evaporator system. We found that the MoS2 nanosheets synthesized within the shortest duration (MoS2‐16 h) exhibited the highest evaporation rate of 1.77 kg m−2 h−1, along with 92% energy efficiency. MoS2‐16 h resulted in MoS2 rich in defects, featuring the largest surface area and the smallest contact angle. The hydrophilic areas of MoS2‐16 h facilitated the continuous diffusion of water molecules through defect sites, treating them as contact lines. Additionally, the expansive surface area introduced a larger region for light absorption, enhancing water‐solid interactions. The presence of molybdenum oxide on the surface of the nanosheet system also contributed to superior wettability behavior. Notably, all the tested MoS2/ALP systems in this study displayed excellent performance in salt rejection and heavy metal ion concentration reduction.
Investigation of the antimicrobial, antioxidant, hemolytic, and thrombolytic activities of Camellia sinensis, Thymus vulgaris, and Zanthoxylum armatum ethanolic and methanolic extracts
Authors: Rafique Sobia , Murtaza Mian Anjum , Hafiz Iram , Ameer Kashif , Qayyum Mir Muhammad Nasir , Yaqub Shazia , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCamellia sinensis is rich in antioxidants such as polyphenols; Thymus vulgaris contains bioactive compounds (flavonoids, terpenoids, and tannins) and Zanthoxylum armatum is primarily composed of volatile oils, amides, alkaloids, flavonoids, lignan, and coumarin. The antibacterial, antifungal, biofilm inhibition, antioxidant, hemolytic, and thrombolytic activities of Camellia sinensis, Thymus vulgaris, and Zanthoxylum armatum ethanol and methanol extracts at different concentrations (30%, 50%, and 80%) were determined. The antioxidant activity and content were measured as free radical scavenging assay (DPPH), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total phenolic content (TPC). Furthermore, hemolytic and thrombolytic analysis was carried out to determine toxicity. In antimicrobial assays, 80% methanol thyme extract showed highest (15.31 mm) antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, and 80% ethanol green tea extract showed optimal antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Ethanol 30% green tea extract resulted in highest (26.61 mm) antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. The maximum (54.73%) biofilm inhibition was resulted by methanol 50% thyme extract for Escherichia coli. In antioxidant activity and content, methanol 50% green tea extract had highest (80.82%) antioxidant activity, whereas, ethanol 80% green tea extract had maximum (1474.55 mg CE/g DW) TFC and methanol 80% green tea extract had maximum (593.05 mg GAE/g) TPC. In toxicological assays, methanol 30% green tea extract had highest (25.28%) thrombolytic activity, and ethanol 80% tejphal extract had maximum (18.24%) hemolytic activity. This study has highlighted the significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, hemolytic, and thrombolytic activities of Camellia sinensis, Thymus vulgaris, and Zanthoxylum armatum extracts that could be beneficial to treat various diseases (cancer, diabetes, and respiratory diseases) and may be utilized as functional ingredient in the preparation of functional foods and drinks.
Safety and efficacy of elapegademase in patients with adenosine deaminase deficiency: A multicenter, open‐label, single‐arm, phase 3, and postmarketing clinical study
Authors: Onodera Masafumi , Uchiyama Toru , Ariga Tadashi , Yamada Masafumi , Miyamura Takako , Arizono Hironori , Morio Tomohiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency is an ultrarare inherited purine metabolism disorder characterized by severe combined immunodeficiency. Elapegademase‐lvlr is a new pegylated recombinant bovine ADA used in enzyme‐replacement therapy (ERT) for ADA deficiency. Therefore, replacement with the new drug may eliminate the infectious risks associated with the currently used bovine intestinal‐derived product, pegademase.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, single‐arm, open‐label, phase 3, and postmarketing clinical study of elapegademase for patients with ADA deficiency. The following biochemical markers were monitored to determine an appropriate dose of elapegademase: the trough deoxyadenosine nucleotide (dAXP) level ≤0.02 μmol/mL in erythrocytes or whole blood and the trough serum ADA activity ≥1100 U/L (equivalent to plasma levels ≥15 μmol/h/mL) indicated sufficient enzyme activity and detoxification as efficacy endpoints and monitored adverse events during the study as safety endpoints.ResultsA total of four patients (aged 0–25 years) were enrolled. One infant patient died of pneumonia caused by cytomegalovirus infection whereas the other three completed the study and have been observed in the study period over 3 years. The infant patient had received elapegademase at 0.4 mg/kg/week until decease and the others received elapegademase at maximum doses of 0.3 mg/kg/week for 164–169 weeks. As a result, all four patients achieved undetectable levels of dAXPs together with sufficient enzyme activity, increased T and B cell numbers, and slightly elevated and maintained IgM and IgA immunoglobulin levels. Serious adverse events occurred in three patients, all of which were assessed as unrelated to elapegademase.ConclusionsThis study showed that elapegademase had comparable safety and efficacy to pegademase as ERT for ADA deficiency by demonstrating stable maintenance of sufficient ADA activity and lowering dAXP to undetectable levels, while no drug‐related adverse events were reported (Trial registration: JapicCTI‐163204).
Consumer bankruptcy: Decision, choice and access to credit afterwards
Authors: Gumus Atilla , Kara Alper , Ahmad Ahmad Hassan , Glass Karligash 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe examine the effects of the bankruptcy benefit and adverse events on the consumer bankruptcy decision. Employing zero‐inflated ordered probit models and a unique longitudinal survey of approximately 66,000 individuals in Great Britain, we find that consumers are more likely to enter into bankruptcy proceedings when the bankruptcy benefit increases and when they become unemployed. We find that the effects of adverse events differ across bankruptcy types. Individuals who experience the onset of health problems are more likely to choose reorganization of debts (i.e., income gleaning), whereas individuals who get divorced or separated are more likely to prefer the discharge of debts (i.e., fresh start). We also examine access to credit after bankruptcy. We find that individuals are excluded from the credit markets post‐bankruptcy and the impact differs across bankruptcy types. Credit exclusion for fresh starters is dramatic, swift but short‐lived, while for income gleaners, it is gradual, slow but lasts longer.
Cryptocurrencies and Lucky Factors: The value of technical and fundamental analysis
Authors: Wei Mingzhe , Kyriakou Ioannis , Sermpinis Georgios , Stasinakis Charalampos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study explores the effectiveness of technical and fundamental analysis in predicting and trading the returns of 12 cryptocurrencies, namely Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Dash, Cardano, Avalanche, Binance Coin, Dogecoin, Polkadot, Litecoin, Terra and Solana. A universe of 7846 technical rules, five log moving average‐based ratios and 59 fundamental factors are used to test predictability and profitability through the Lucky Factors methodology and Superior Predictive Ability test. We observe predictability for a small set of technical and fundamental rules, while only the short‐term log moving average‐based ratio and Hashrate Index demonstrate genuine in‐sample and out‐of‐sample profitability. Our findings question the value of both technical and fundamental analysis on cryptocurrencies.
Impact of near‐miss event during pregnancy and childbirth on maternal health at 12 months
Authors: Keepanasseril Anish , Maurya Dilip Kumar , Velmurugan Bharathi , Karuppusamy Dhamotharan , Pillai Ajith Ananthakrishna , Parameswaran Sreejith , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of maternal near‐miss on late maternal death and the prevalence of hypertension or chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mental health problems at 12 months of follow up.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in the southeastern region of India from May 2018 to August 2019, enrolling those with maternal near‐miss and with follow up for 12 months. The primary outcomes were incidence of late maternal deaths and prevalence of hypertension and CKD during follow up.ResultsIncidence of maternal near miss was 6.7 per 1000 live births. Among those who had a near miss, late maternal deaths occurred in 7.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.1%–11.3%); prevalence of CKD was 23.0% (95% CI 16.2%–29.8%), and of hypertension was 56.2% (95% CI 50.5%–66.5%) and only two women had depression on follow up. After adjusting for age, parity, socioeconomic status, gestational age at delivery, hemoglobin levels, and perinatal loss, only serum creatinine was independently associated with late maternal death and CKD on follow up.ConclusionsWomen who survive a life‐threatening complication during pregnancy and childbirth are at increased risk of mortality and one or more long‐term sequelae contributing to the non‐communicable disease burden. A policy shift to increase postpartum follow‐up duration, following a high‐risk targeted approach after a near‐miss event, is needed.
School absenteeism and impairment associated with weight bullying
Authors: Lydecker Janet A. , Winschel Julia , Gilbert Kelsey , Cotter Elizabeth W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionMany children experience weight‐based bullying (WB), when individuals are treated poorly or demeaned because of weight. WB has negative mental and physical health consequences. The current study examined how children's experiences of different forms of WB (verbal, social, physical, cyber) were associated with impaired functioning in school, social life, and family life.MethodsData were collected in Spring 2021. Participants (N = 224) were parents of a school‐aged child and lived in the United States. Sixty percent of parents were mothers and 72% of parents self‐identified as White. They completed surveys regarding weight, eating, and bullying.ResultsSocial and cyber WB were associated with clinically significant impairment for both children and parents. Children who experienced social and physical WB were more likely to skip school, whereas physical and cyber WB were associated with skipping a particular class. All forms of bullying were associated with skipping gym class. Social and cyber WB were associated with isolating. Cyber WB was associated with all disordered eating behaviors. In addition, physical WB was associated with binge eating, social WB was associated with purging, and verbal WB was associated with secretive eating.DiscussionVictims of WB experience impairment in school, social life, and family life, absenteeism, and disordered eating. It is essential to develop approaches to address WB in its various forms to identify strategies for reducing and preventing WB across various levels of influence, including peer groups, schools, and families.
Artificial intelligence (A.I.) in dental curricula: Ethics and responsible integration
Authors: Kim Clara S. , Samaniego Cheryl S. , Sousa Melo Saulo L. , Brachvogel William A. , Baskaran Krithika , Rulli Danielle 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe use of artificial intelligence (AI) is deeply embedded in all aspects of our daily lives, promoting efficiency and safety in routine tasks at home and work. Likewise, dentistry is rapidly exploring new uses of AI for image analysis, electronic health records, and clinical decision‐making. The accelerating advancement of AI and its application in dentistry demands dental education conscientiously integrate AI into curricula and equip graduates to use it ethically and responsibly in practice. The approach must be threefold: instill knowledge of the basic algorithms and appropriate application of AI, discuss its limitations/biases, and examine current and potential ethical challenges in practice. Furthermore, dental education must protect the public from intentional and unintentional harm introduced by AI. Therefore, the purpose of this perspective paper is to discuss various considerations for integrating AI into the dental curriculum, prioritizing patient safety by ensuring knowledgeable, safe, and ethical application by future providers.
Label‐free discrimination of extracellular vesicles from large lipoproteins
Authors: Kashkanova Anna D. , Blessing Martin , Reischke Marie , Baur Jan‐Ole , Baur Andreas S. , Sandoghdar Vahid , Van Deun Jan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly gaining interest as biomarkers and therapeutics. Accurate sizing and quantification of EVs remain problematic, given their nanometre size range and small scattering cross‐sections. This is compounded by the fact that common EV isolation methods result in co‐isolation of particles with comparable features. Especially in blood plasma, similarly‐sized lipoproteins outnumber EVs to a great extent. Recently, interferometric nanoparticle tracking analysis (iNTA) was introduced as a particle analysis method that enables determining the size and refractive index of nanoparticles with high sensitivity and precision. In this work, we apply iNTA to differentiate between EVs and lipoproteins, and compare its performance to conventional nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). We show that iNTA can accurately quantify EVs in artificial EV‐lipoprotein mixtures and in plasma‐derived EV samples of varying complexity. Conventional NTA could not report on EV numbers, as it was not able to distinguish EVs from lipoproteins. iNTA has the potential to become a new standard for label‐free EV characterization in suspension.
Adipose derived stem cell extracellular vesicles modulate primary human macrophages to an anti‐inflammatory phenotype in vitro
Authors: Symonds Emma K. C. , Black Bianca , Brown Alexander , Meredith Ineke , Currie Margaret J. , Hally Kathryn E. , Danielson Kirsty M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEVs released by adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) have shown promise as a therapeutic for tissue repair because of their purported immune‐regulatory properties. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from ADSCs could be beneficial in improving graft retention rates for autologous fat grafting (AFG) post‐mastectomy as, currently, grafted tissue rates are variable. Enriching grafted tissue with ADSC‐EVs may improve retention rates by modulating macrophages resident within both the breast and lipoaspirate. We aimed to identify key macrophage phenotypes that are modulated by ADSC‐EVs in vitro. ADSCs were isolated from lipoaspirates of women undergoing AFG and characterised by flow cytometry and differentiation potential. ADSC‐EVs were isolated from culture media and characterised by tuneable resistive pulse sensing, transmission electron microscopy and Western blot. Primary monocyte‐derived macrophages were polarized to an M1‐like (GM‐CSF, IFNγ), M2‐like phenotype (M‐CSF, IL‐4) or maintained (M0‐like; M‐CSF) and ADSC‐EVs were co‐cultured with macrophages for 48 h. Flow cytometry and high‐dimensional analysis clustered macrophages post co‐culture. A manual gating strategy was generated to recapitulate these clusters and was applied to a repeat experimental run. Both runs were analysed to examine the prevalence of each cluster, representing a unique macrophage phenotype, with and without ADSC‐EVs. Following the addition of ADSC‐EVs, M0‐like macrophages demonstrated a reciprocal shift of cell distribution from a cluster with a ‘high inflammatory profile’ (CD36+++CD206+++CD86+++; 16.5 ± 7.0%; p < 0.0001) to a cluster with a ‘lower inflammatory profile’ (CD36+CD206+CD86+; 35 ± 21.5%; p < 0.05). M1‐like macrophages shifted from a cluster with a ‘high inflammatory profile’ (CD206++CD11b++CD36++CD163++; 26.1 ± 9.4%; p = 0.0024) to a ‘lower inflammatory profile’ (CD206+CD11b+CD36+CD163+; 72.8 ± 8.7%; p = 0.0007). There was no shift in M2‐like clusters following ADSC‐EV treatment. ADSC‐EVs are complex regulators of macrophage phenotype that can shift macrophages away from a heightened pro‐inflammatory state.
African‐centered therapeutic community substance abuse treatment with incarcerated Black males: A pilot model
Authors: Williams Otis , Humphrey Marja , Bolden Mark A. , Wagner Rachel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article proposes a pilot therapeutic intervention for counseling Black male substance abusers within the carceral system. Despite the noted fact that Black males are disproportionately represented as drug‐using offenders, few treatment models exist that are germane to this population. The current model emanated from an African‐centered theoretical framework. Additionally, it employed the therapeutic community approach that addresses substance use and mental health issues among inmates. Specific considerations for counselors and future research are discussed.
High‐pressure oxidation of n‐butane
Authors: Hashemi Hamid , Christensen Jakob M. , Glarborg Peter , Gersen Sander , van Essen Martijn , Wang Ziyu , Ju Yiguang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe oxidation of n‐butane at elevated pressures has been investigated by experiments in a laminar flow reactor at 100 bar and temperatures of 450–900 K. The onset temperature for reaction increased from 550 K under oxidizing conditions (Φ = 0.02) to 625 K under reducing conditions (Φ = 13). NTC behavior was observed at 600–650 K (Φ = 0.02) and 625–675 K (Φ = 1.0). A detailed chemical kinetic model for the oxidation of n‐butane was established. The present model and those suggested in literature were evaluated against the present experimental results and literature data at elevated pressures. None of the tested models could accurately reproduce the NTC behavior of n‐butane under stoichiometric conditions of the present study, but all evaluated models could reproduce experimental data from literature with different levels of accuracy.
Germination and sustainable cultivation of succulent halophytes using resources from a degraded estuarine area through soil technologies approaches and saline irrigation water
Authors: Cortinhas Ana , Ferreira Teresa C. , Abreu Maria Manuela , Caperta Ana D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe degradation of estuarine areas has been a growing concern in recent years, as these ecosystems offer several services. The Arthrocnemum and Suaeda genera produce useful compounds with various applications, which have led to their overexploitation in their native habitats. The main goal of this study is to use green technologies for sustainable cultivation of two species bioindicators of Mediterranean saltmarshes, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum and Suaeda vera, as an alternative to their overutilization. A tailored soil (TAIL) was constructed with a Saline Fluvisol (FLU), from a marginal estuarine area, and organic/inorganic residues were used as amendments, for plant cultivation. Seeds collected in natural populations were pretreated with two dormancy‐breaking treatments (H2SO4, H2O2) and germinated in FLU or TAIL. A microcosm assay using FLU or TAIL irrigated with estuarine water (VF) or three aqueous saline solutions (0, 200, or 400 mmol/L NaCl) was established. The species obtained a low percentage of seeds' germination being the highest values under substrate control (water‐soaked filter paper). The A. macrostachyum reached the highest germination percentage when seeds were pretreated with H2SO4 (20%) while the germination of S. vera was favored by the pretreatment with H2O2 (49%). Both species had the highest growth in TAIL irrigated with 0 or VF, presenting the largest stems (13–32 cm), the largest primary branches (3.5–7.2 cm), and the highest production of aerial part biomass (28–36 g). This study contributes to the sustainable cultivation of these valuable halophytes and could play an important role in the sustainable management of marginal estuarine land.
Upper limits for road salt pollution in lakes
Authors: Solomon Christopher T. , Dugan Hilary A. , Hintz William D. , Jones Stuart E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWidespread and increasing use of road deicing salt is a major driver of increasing lake chloride concentrations, which can negatively impact aquatic organisms and ecosystems. We used a simple model to explore the controls on road salt concentrations and predict equilibrium concentrations in lakes across the contiguous United States. The model suggests that equilibrium salt concentration depends on three quantities: salt application rate, road density, and runoff (precipitation minus evapotranspiration). High application combined with high road density leads to high equilibrium salt concentrations regardless of runoff. Yet if application can be held at current rates or reduced, concentrations in many lakes situated in lightly to moderately urbanized watersheds should equilibrate at levels below currently recommended thresholds. In particular, our model predicts that, given 2010–2015 road salt application rates, equilibrium chloride concentrations in the contiguous United States will exceed the current regulatory chronic exposure threshold of 230 mg L−1 in over 2000 lakes; will exceed 120 mg L−1 in over 9000 lakes; and will be below 120 mg L−1 in hundreds of thousands of lakes. Our analysis helps to contextualize current trends in road salt pollution of lakes, and suggests that stabilization of equilibrium chloride concentrations below thresholds designed to protect aquatic organisms should be an achievable goal.