bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of sepsis-induced coagulopathy in patients with sepsis – a secondary analysis of two German multicenter randomized controlled trials
Authors: Schmoch Thomas , Möhnle Patrick , Weigand Markus A. , Briegel Josef , Bauer Michael , Bloos Frank , Meybohm Patrick , Keh Didier , Löffler Markus , Elke Gunnar , Brenner Thorsten , Bogatsch Holger ,   for the SepNet–Critical Care Trials Group
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Sepsis and septic shock are frequently accompanied by coagulopathy. Since the sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) score was first described, subsequent studies from Asia revealed a SIC prevalence of 40–60%. In Europe, however, SIC prevalence in patients fulfilling sepsis criteria according to the third international consensus definition (SEPSIS-3) has not yet been evaluated.

Methods
The Critical Care Trials Group of the German Sepsis Competence Network (SepNet) conducted a secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials. Only patients fulfilling sepsis criteria according SEPSIS-3 were included in this secondary analysis. In a two step approach, SIC prevalence was determined in 267 patients with sepsis but not septic shock (at the time of inclusion) from the “Effect of Hydrocortisone on Development of Shock Among Patients With Severe Sepsis” (HYPRESS) trial. Then, we estimated SIC prevalence in 1,018 patients from the “Effect of Sodium Selenite Administration and Procalcitonin-Guided Therapy on Mortality in Patients With Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock” (SISPCT) trial using a simplified SIC score based on the platelet-SIC-subscore (PSSC). Study aims were to assess (i) the prevalence of SIC in patients with SEPSIS-3, (ii) the association of SIC with 90-day mortality and morbidity, (iii) the time when patients become SIC positive during the course of sepsis, and (iv) the value of the PSSC for predicting SIC.

Results
In the HYPRESS trial, SIC prevalence was 22.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.5–27.5%). The estimated SIC prevalence in the SISPCT trial was 24.2% (95% CI 21.6–26.9%). In the HYPRESS trial, SIC was associated with significantly higher 90-day mortality (13.9% vs. 26.8%, p = 0.027) and morbidity. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, treatment arm, and (SIC-adapted) SOFA score confirmed the negative association of SIC with survival (p = 0.011). In the SISPCT trial, increased PSSCs were associated with higher 90-day mortality (PSSC 0: 34.4%, PSSC 1: 40.5%, PSSC 2: 53.3%; p < 0.001). In both trials, SIC was already present at sepsis diagnosis or occurred during the following 4 days.

Conclusions
SIC is a clinically relevant complication of sepsis. Although it might be less frequent than previously reported, its occurrence is associated with higher morbidity and mortality and should be interpreted as an early warning sign.
Impact of climate-smart agriculture adoption on food security and multidimensional poverty of rural farm households in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Ali Hussien , Menza Mesfin , Hagos Fitsum , Haileslassie Amare 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Climate change has perverse effects on the natural resource base and agricultural productivity, negatively affecting the well-being of households and communities. There are various attempts by the government and NGOs to promote climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices to help farmers adapt to and mitigate these negative impacts. This study aimed to identify CSA practices widely adopted in the study area and examined their impacts on rural farm households’ food security and multidimensional poverty. A three-stage proportional to size sampling procedure was followed to select four districts out of nine districts, and 278 households were randomly selected from two kebeles from each district. A cross-sectional data of the 2020–2021 cropping season were collected using a structured and pretested survey questionnaire. The food consumption score, dietary diversity score, food insecurity experience scale, and multidimensional poverty index, constructed out of 9 indicators, were used to assess households’ food security and poverty status, respectively. A multinomial endogenous switching regression model was used to assess average treatment effects on these outcome indicators.

Results
Widely adopted CSA practices are conservation agriculture, soil fertility management, crop diversification, and small-scale irrigation. The results illustrated that adopter households on average showed more food consumption score, dietary diversity score, and less food insecurity experience scale than non-adopters. The results also showed that CSA adopter households, on average, have a low deprivation score in multidimensional poverty than non-adopter households. Accelerating wider adoption of CSA through up-scaling incentives is quite important.

Conclusion
This study showed that CSA adoption improves households’ food security and reduces multidimensional poverty. We conclude that up-scaling of CSA practices is important for contributing to the achievement of SDG1, SDG2 and SDG13 targets.
A case of pancreatic head cancer with Trousseau’s syndrome treated with radical resection and anticoagulant therapy
Authors: Kitahama Takumi , Otsuka Shimpei , Sugiura Teiichi , Ashida Ryo , Ohgi Katsuhisa , Yamada Mihoko , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The primary disease of Trousseau’s syndrome is often highly advanced cancer, and treatment of the primary disease after cerebral infarction is often difficult. We herein report a case of pancreatic head cancer with Trousseau’s syndrome treated with radical resection and anticoagulant therapy.

Case presentation
A 78-year-old man was admitted with dizziness and diagnosed with cerebral infarction. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography for a thorough checkup indicated borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer. Radical resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC; gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel) was scheduled. During the second course of NAC, multiple cerebral infarctions recurred, and the patient was diagnosed with Trousseau’s syndrome. Continuous intravenous infusion of heparin was started for cerebral infarction. Since it was impossible to continue NAC and there was no worsening of imaging findings, radical resection was planned. Thereafter, he underwent pancreatoduodenectomy with superior mesenteric vein resection. The patient progressed well and was discharged on the 19th day after surgery. He continued subcutaneous injection of heparin at home and is alive without recurrence of cancer or cerebral infarction at more than 21 months after surgery.

Conclusion
Surgical treatment may be an option for pancreatic cancer with Trousseau’s syndrome under favorable conditions.
A simple method to isolate structurally and chemically intact brain vascular basement membrane for neural regeneration following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Ji Wanqing , Wu Zhiru , Wen Jiaming , Tang Hengxin , Chen Zhuopeng , Xue Bo , Tian Zhenming , Ba Yueyang , Zhang Ning , Wen Xuejun , Hou Bo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
The brain vascular basement membrane (brain-VBM) is an important component of the brain extracellular matrix, and the three-dimensional structure of the cerebrovascular network nested with many cell-adhesive proteins may provide guidance for brain tissue regeneration. However, the potential of ability of brain-VBM to promote neural tissue regeneration has not been examined due to the technical difficulty of isolating intact brain-VBM.

Methods
The present study developed a simple, effective method to isolate structurally and compositionally intact brain-VBM. Structural and component properties of the brain-VBM were characterized to confirm the technique. Seed cells were cocultured with brain-VBM in vitro to analyze biocompatibility and neurite extension. An experimental rat model of focal traumatic brain injury (TBI) induced by controlled cortical impact were conducted to further test the tissue regeneration ability of brain-VBM.

Results
Brain-VBM isolated using genipin showed significantly improved mechanical properties, was easy to handle, supported high cell viability, exhibited strong cell adhesive properties, and promoted neurite extension and outgrowth. Further testing of the isolated brain-VBM transplanted at lesion sites in an experimental rat model of focal TBI demonstrated considerable promise for reconstructing a complete blood vessel network that filled in the lesion cavity and promoting repopulation of neural progenitor cells and neurons.

Conclusion
The technique allows isolation of intact brain-VBM as a 3D microvascular scaffold to support brain tissue regeneration following TBI and shows considerable promise for the production of naturally-derived biomaterials for neural tissue engineering.

Graphical Abstract
A value accumulation account of unhealthy food choices: testing the influence of outcome salience under varying time constraints
Authors: Köster Massimo , Buabang Eike K. , Ivančir Tina , Moors Agnes 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPeople often engage in unhealthy eating despite having an explicit goal to follow a healthy diet, especially under certain conditions such as a lack of time. A promising explanation from the value accumulation account is that food choices are based on the sequential consideration of the values of multiple outcomes, such as health and taste outcomes. Unhealthy choices may result if taste is considered before health. We examined whether making a health outcome more salient could alter this order, thereby leading to more healthy choices even under time pressure. Two studies examined the time-dependent effect of outcome values and salience on food choices. Participants first completed priming trials on which they rated food items on healthiness (health condition), tastiness (taste condition), or both healthiness and tastiness (control condition). They then completed blocks of binary choice trials between healthy and tasty items. The available response time was manipulated continuously in Study 1 (N = 161) and categorically in Study 2 (N = 318). As predicted, results showed that the values of health and taste outcomes influenced choices and that priming led to more choices in line with the primed outcomes even when time was scarce. We did not obtain support for the prediction that the priming effect is time-dependent in the sense that primed outcomes are considered before non-primed outcomes. Together, these findings suggest that increasing the value and salience of a health outcome may be effective ways to increase healthy choices, even under poor conditions such as time pressure.
Circadian disruption does not alter tumorigenesis in a mouse model of lymphoma
Authors: Mello Rebecca M , Pariollaud Marie , Lamia Katja A 
Published: January 2023

Background: Disruption of natural diurnal light cycles, such as that experienced by shift workers, is linked to enhanced cancer incidence. Several mouse models of cancer have been shown to develop more severe disease when exposed to irregular light/dark cycles, further supporting the connection between circadian disruption and increased cancer risk. Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2), a repressive component of the molecular circadian clock, facilitates the turnover of the oncoprotein c-MYC, one mechanism that may link the molecular clock to tumorigenesis. In Eμ-MYC mice, which express transgenic c-MYC in B cells and develop aggressive lymphomas and leukemia, global Cry2 deletion reduces overall survival and enhances tumor formation. Moreover, lighting conditions that mimic the disruption experienced by shift workers dampens Cry2 transcripts in peripheral tissues of C57BL/6J mice. Thus, we hypothesized that exposure to disruptive lighting conditions would enhance tumor burden in Eμ-MYC mice. Methods: We housed Eμ-MYC mice in light-tight boxes set to either the control (continuous cycles of 12-hours of the light followed by 12-hours of dark, LD12:12) or chronic jetlag (eight-hour light phase advances every two to three days, CJL) lighting conditions and assessed the impact of disrupted light cycles on overall survival and tumor formation in Eμ-MYC mice. Results: Environmental disruption of circadian rhythms did not alter tumor location, tumor growth, or overall survival in female or male Eμ-MYC mice. Conclusions: Our findings support emerging evidence that suggests the impact of circadian disruption on tumorigenesis is dependent on the origin of malignancies.
The influence of the Ukrainian phytocomposition "Balm Truskavets'" on parameters of neuro-endocrine-immune complex and biophotonics in humans with maladaptation
Authors: Fihura Oksana , Ruzhylo Sofiya , Korda Mykhaylo , Klishch Ivan , Żukow Xawery , Popovych Igor 
Published: January 2023

Background. Earlier we showed that the Ukrainian phytocomposition “Balm Truskavets’” exerts immediate modulating effects on parameters of EEG and HRV as well as biophotonics. In a pilot study on 10 volunteers, we found that the use of the phytocomposition for 11 days causes changes in EEGs parameters accompanied by a sympatho(adreno)mimetic effect. The modulating effects on the EEG&HRV parameters are combined with the changes in biophotonics parameters. This study was conducted on a four times larger cohort and with a wider range of methods. Materials and Methods. The object of observation were 16 women 46±15 ys and 24 men 50±11 ys. The volunteers were practically healthy, but the initial testing revealed deviations from the norm in a number of parameters of the neuro-endocrine-immune complex as a manifestation of maladaptation. The adaptation hormones levels, Popovych’s leukocytary adaptation and strain indices, parameters of phagocytosis, biophotonics, acupuncture points, EEG and HRV, before and after a 9-day course of use of phytocomposition registered. Results. A noticeable effect of the phytocomposition on 38 parameters was revealed, grouped into 6 clusters, of which 4 are enhancing and 2 are reducing. In particular, the reduced levels of the adaptation index and phagocytosis parameters increase significantly, instead, the increased levels of the strain index, testosterone, triiodothyronine, LF band HRV as well as two biophotonics parameters decrease, that is, there is a normalizing/beneficial effect. At the same time, normal levels of HRV-markers of vagal tone decrease, and cortisol and circulating catecholamines as well as the activity of β- and α-rhythm generating neurons increase, but within the normal range. Finally, there is a further increase in the upper limit levels of activity of δ-rhythm generating neurons. Conclusion. Ukrainian phytocomposition “Balm Truskavets’” exerts classical adaptogenic effects on parameters of neuro-endocrine-immune complex as well as biophotonics and acupuncture in humans with maladaptation.
Exploring the use of probiotics in dermatology – a literature review
Authors: Sroczyńska Monika , Luchowska Anna , Żaczek Aleksandra 
Published: January 2023

Introduction
Probiotics are defined as "live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host" by the World Health Organization (WHO). Probiotics help to regulate innate and adaptive host immune responses by combating aggressive commensal bacteria and improving epithelial barrier function. Probiotics have shown positive results in the treatment of various inflammatory skin conditions.
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to investigate the potential efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of dermatological diseases, such as acne vulgaris; atopic dermatitis; psoriasis.

Materials and methods
A search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Articles were searched in English using the following key words: probiotics; dermatology; acne vulgaris; eczema; atopic dermatitis; psoriasis.

Results
Probiotics reduced the amount of inflammatory acne lesions and the erythema index in acne vulgaris patients. Patients with atopic dermatitis who received probiotics also experienced an immediate and long-lasting improvement in their symptoms and skin quality. Individuals noticed enhanced skin smoothness and moisture, self-acceptance, and a decrease in the SCORAD index. It was also proven that oral probiotic supplementation successfully reduced psoriasis symptoms by lowering plasma levels of inflammatory markers such as IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP. Furthermore, the chance of psoriasis recurrence was reduced.
Conclusion
The reviewed literature indicates that probiotics may be helpful in treating skin conditions like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and acne vulgaris. Probiotics demonstrated encouraging results in the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions by altering the immune response as a result of modifying the gut microbiome.
Online Generalized Network Design Under (Dis)Economies of Scale
Authors: Nagarajan Viswanath , Wang Lily 
Published: January 2023

We consider a general online network design problem in which a sequence of N requests arrive over time, each of which needs to use some subset of the available resources E. The cost incurred by a resource [Formula: see text] is some function fe of the total load [Formula: see text] on that resource. The objective is to minimize the total cost [Formula: see text]. We focus on cost functions that exhibit (dis)economies of scale. These functions are of the form [Formula: see text] if x > 0 (and zero if x = 0), in which the exponent [Formula: see text]. Optimization problems under these functions have received significant recent attention because of applications in energy-efficient computing. Our main result is a deterministic online algorithm with tight competitive ratio [Formula: see text] when αe is constant for all [Formula: see text]. This framework is applicable to a variety of network design problems in undirected and directed graphs, including multicommodity routing, Steiner tree/forest connectivity, and set connectivity. In fact, our online competitive ratio even matches the previous best (offline) approximation ratio. We also demonstrate the practical performance of our online algorithm on instances of multicommodity routing. Funding: This work was supported by the Directorate for Computer and Information Science and Engineering [Grant CCF-1750127] and the Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation [Grant CMMI-1940766].
Experiences of healthcare staff in managing responsive behaviour of people with dementia in residential care facilities: a qualitative literature review
Authors: Joy Shiny , Butler Mary , Dowling Maura 
Published: January 2023

Background/Aims Dementia is a collective term for all conditions that cause damage to the brain. Responsive behaviour is one of the symptoms of dementia trajectory and more than 90% of people with dementia present with responsive behaviour. These behaviours, including aggression and agitation, can adversely affect residents and staff in residential care services. There is a lack of understanding of how staff experience and manage responsive behaviours in residential settings. The aim of this qualitative literature review was to explore the experiences and perceptions of healthcare staff in managing responsive behaviour of residents with dementia in older persons’ residential care services. Methods A systematic search across six databases was performed using the Setting, Perspective, Phenomenon of interest, Comparison, Evaluation framework. Synthesis was guided by ‘best fit’ framework using the Valuing, Individualised, Perspective, Social and psychological environment framework. Results A total of nine articles were included in the review. From the Valuing, Individualised, Perspective, Social and psychological environment framework, the following sub-themes were found: valuing residents and staff; knowing residents through life history; unmet needs; the perspective of institutionalised care practices; emotional distance; the importance of meaningful activities; and a supportive environment. Conclusions The findings identified that access to dementia-specific education and a supportive management structure can help staff manage responsive behaviours of residents with dementia.
Co-creation for Transformative Innovation Policy: an implementation case for projects structured as portfolio of knowledge services
Authors: Palavicino Carla Alvial , Matti Cristian , Brodnik Christoph 
Published: January 2023

Background:Transformative Innovation Policy (TIP) encompasses a variety of policy frameworks that seek to use the potential of science, technology, and innovation to address societal challenges. To do so, it relies on inclusive co-creation processes for the design, implementation and evaluation programmes and policies that can drive systemic transformation towards sustainability.
Aims and objectives:To date there are few empirical studies available on how this co-creation approach can be implemented at the level of programmes and projects working on transformative innovation, and what specific competences, processes and functions are required for the successful implementation of this framework. This paper seeks to provide empirical evidence on how to implement TIP at the project level.
Key conclusions:This paper shows the importance of adaptability and modularity of processes that are used to translate the TIP framework to a specific context, allowing and encouraging processes of adaptation by project partners and other stakeholders. Secondly, we highlight how knowledge services can be used to translate and negotiate meaning for complex frameworks, resulting in the production of new knowledge that is not only contextually relevant, but that feeds into a larger pool of evidence of how theories apply to real-world cases. Thirdly, it highlights the importance of building teams with skills such as facilitation, brokering, communication, translation and embedding of science-based concepts and frameworks, and the ability to lead processes of co-design that ensure coherence across different interventions while being adaptable to varied project contexts.
Thermally robust and highly stable method for splicing silica glass fiber to crystalline sapphire fiber
Authors: Mumtaz Farhan , Alla Dinesh Reddy , Roman Muhammad , Zhang Bohong , Smith Jeffrey D. , Gerald Rex E. , O’Malley Ronald J. , Huang Jie 
Published: January 2023

This research reports an advancement in splicing silica glass fiber to
sapphire single-crystal optical fiber (SCF) using a specialized glass
processing device, including data that demonstrate the thermal
stability of the splice to 1000°C. A filament heating process was used
to produce a robust splice between the dissimilar fibers. A
femtosecond laser is used to inscribe a fiber Bragg gratings sensor
into the SCF to measure the high-temperature capabilities and signal
attenuation characteristics of the splice joint. The experimental
results demonstrate that the proposed splicing method produces a
splice joint that is robust, stable, repeatable, and withstands
temperatures up to 1000°C with a low attenuation of 0.5 dB. The
proposed method allows placement of SCF-based sensors in the extreme
environments encountered in various engineering fields, such as
nuclear, chemical, aviation, and metals manufacturing, to enable
improvements in process monitoring, product quality, and production
efficiency.