bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Best practices for addressing missing data through multiple imputation
Authors: Woods Adrienne D. , Gerasimova Daria , Van Dusen Ben , Nissen Jayson , Bainter Sierra , Uzdavines Alex , Davis‐Kean Pamela E. , Halvorson Max , King Kevin M. , Logan Jessica A. R. , Xu Menglin , Vasilev Martin R. , Clay James M. , Moreau David , Joyal‐Desmarais Keven , Cruz Rick A. , Brown Denver M. Y. , Schmidt Kathleen , Elsherif Mahmoud M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA common challenge in developmental research is the amount of incomplete and missing data that occurs from respondents failing to complete tasks or questionnaires, as well as from disengaging from the study (i.e., attrition). This missingness can lead to biases in parameter estimates and, hence, in the interpretation of findings. These biases can be addressed through statistical techniques that adjust for missing data, such as multiple imputation. Although multiple imputation is highly effective, it has not been widely adopted by developmental scientists given barriers such as lack of training or misconceptions about imputation methods. Utilizing default methods within statistical software programs like listwise deletion is common but may introduce additional bias. This manuscript is intended to provide practical guidelines for developmental researchers to follow when examining their data for missingness, making decisions about how to handle that missingness and reporting the extent of missing data biases and specific multiple imputation procedures in publications.
Effectiveness of prophylactic carbetocin versus oxytocin following vaginal delivery for preventing severe postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Korb Diane , Lopez Remi , Hörlin Anne Laure , Schmitz Thomas , Borie Constance , Sibony Olivier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of prophylactic carbetocin with prophylactic oxytocin for preventing severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) following vaginal delivery.MethodsThis before and after cohort study took place between 2020 and 2021 in a university maternity hospital. In 2021, the protocol for PPH prevention immediately after vaginal delivery changed: intravenous oxytocin (5 IU) was replaced by intravenous carbetocin (100 μg). All patients with vaginal births were included, with two groups compared: patients who received prophylactic oxytocin in 2020 and those who received prophylactic carbetocin in 2021. The primary outcome was severe PPH, defined as one or more of the following: estimated blood loss ≥1500 mL, transfusion ≥4 units of red blood cells, Bakri balloon use, embolization, vascular ligation, hysterectomy, and maternal death.ResultsAmong 4832 women included, 2417 received oxytocin and 2415 received carbetocin. The rate of severe PPH was similar in both groups (0.5% vs. 0.6%, respectively; adjusted odds ratio, 0.8 [95% confidence interval, 0.4–1.8]). The rate of PPH ≥500 mL was lower in the carbetocin group (4% vs. 5.8%; P = 0.004).ConclusionAlthough prophylactic carbetocin was associated with a reduction in the rate of PPH ≥500 mL, carbetocin is no different to oxytocin in preventing severe PPH caused by atony after vaginal delivery.
Pharmacy student involvement in population health management of statin quality measures
Authors: Fakourfar Neeloufar , Rao Hindu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPharmacists have demonstrated their value in population health management (PHM). With appropriate training, advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) students are also well positioned to participate in PHM.MethodsAt Providence Medical Foundation, a PHM workflow was remodeled to be more standardized and incorporate APPE students into the statin quality measure improvement process. This was driven by institutional goals for quality improvement in patient care and creating a better experiential teaching opportunity. APPE students underwent three training sessions and completed clinical review of patient charts, determined statin eligibility, and completed patient outreach. Rates of statin initiation and student feedback were collected. The rates of statins initiated or declined with this new workflow were retrospectively compared to a previous year's workflow, which was pharmacist‐led.InterventionReview pharmacy student involvement with PHM, including statin initiation rates for quality measure improvement as well as student feedback and learning.ResultsAmong the 543 patients included in the remodeled workflow, students started statins for 75 (13.8%) patients while 114 (21%) patients declined statins. Among the 829 patients included in the previous year's traditional workflow, pharmacists started statins for 102 (12.3%) patients while 167 (20.1%) patients declined statins. There was no statistically significant difference in rates of statins started (odds ratio [OR] 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63–1.22; p = 0.41) and statins declined (OR 0.95; CI 0.72–1.25; p = 0.73) between the two groups. Student feedback on this activity was positive with self‐reported improvement in confidence, clinical knowledge, and communication skills.ConclusionsIncorporating pharmacy students into PHM was a valuable learning experience for students and effective for initiating statins to assist with quality measures. Students can be an asset to the team in PHM and help ease resource shortages.
Comparison of the effects of earnings management on the financial cost between companies in developed and emerging European countries
Authors: González‐Sánchez Mariano , Segovia San Juan Ana I. , Ibáñez Jiménez Eva M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEmpirical studies found that earnings management (EM) explains firms’ cost of capital both in companies in emerging and developed countries, but until now, it has not been analyzed whether the effect of EM on the financial cost is different among emerging countries inside or outside an economic area (Eurozone). Our results show that the cost of debt and the idiosyncratic component of the cost of equity are related to discretionary accruals and abnormal values of operating cash‐flows, that the emerging country effect is more relevant on the cost of debt, that there is a Eurozone effect that makes discretionary accruals more relevant than abnormal values of operating cash‐flow and that firms in emerging countries inside the Eurozone benefit from a lower EM penalty on the cost of debt than firms in other emerging European countries.
Statistical challenges for achieving Sustainable Development Goals: Some reflections on Indicator 14.7.1
Authors: Liu Suyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStatistics is considered as a tool to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and it is also a component of the SDGs. However, statistical challenges for supporting the effective achieving the SDGs remain. Via a case study of SDG Indicator 14.7.1, this article finds that the two main statistical challenges are the incompatibility between the SDGs and statistics, and the disparity in statistical capacity across countries, which are particularly significant during the pandemic. The analysis shows several reasons for these statistical challenges and provides some scientific and practical implications.
Impact of wavelength and spot size on laser depth of focus: Considerations for mass spectrometry imaging of non‐flat samples
Authors: Joignant Alena N. , Xi Ying , Muddiman David C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBiospecimens with nearly flat surfaces on a flat stage are typically required for laser‐based mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) techniques. However, sampling stages are rarely perfectly level, and accounting for this and the need to accommodate non‐flat samples requires a deeper understanding of the laser beam depth of focus. In ablation‐based MSI methods, a laser is focused on top of the sample surface, ensuring that the sample is at the focal point or remains within depth of focus. In general, the depth of focus of a given laser is related to the beam quality (M2) and the wavelength (λ). However, because laser is applied on a biological sample, other variables can also impact the depth of focus, which could affect the robustness of the MSI techniques for diverse sample types. When the height of a sample ranges outside of the depth of focus, ablated area and the corresponding ion abundances may vary as well, increasing the variability of results. In this tutorial, we examine the parameters and equations that describe the depth of focus of a Gaussian laser beam. Additionally, we describe several approaches that account for surface roughness exceeding the depth of focus of the laser.
The CARS microscopy application for determination of the deacetylation degree in chitin and chitosan species
Authors: Dementjev Andrej , Dudoitis Vadimas , Gelzinis Andrius , Gylienė Ona , Binkienė Rima , Jasinevičienė Dalia , Ulevičius Vidmantas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe raw material for the production of chitosan, which has a wide application in science and industry, is chitin, one of the most abundant natural polymers. The transformation of chitin into chitosan is carried out by the substitution of the acetamide functional group for the amine one, and is quantified by the deacetylation degree (DD). In order to determine the DD of the chitin and chitosan samples, the coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) has been applied in this study. The changes in the intensity of the resonant bands, related to the vibrations of acetamide group, were utilised as an indicator of the DD. By measuring the chitin/chitosan samples of different DD, with the values ranging from 8% to 95%, we were able to obtain the calibration curve of the CARS response. In such a way, the CARS microscope has been prepared for the characterisation of the chitin/chitosan species of unknown origin and for their structural imaging. The shell of the larvae of the Hermetia illucens, also known as the black soldier fly, was chosen as the subject of testing. It is one of the promising sources of raw material for chitosan production. The CARS microscopy capabilities were demonstrated by imaging the black soldier fly's shell and depicting the structural distribution of the DD within the larvae's shell.
Unrinsed Nemipterus virgatus surimi provides more nutrients than rinsed surimi and helps recover immunosuppressed mice treated with cyclophosphamide
Authors: Yi Shumin , Liu Xiang , Huo Yan , Li Xuepeng , Tang Yunping , Li Jianrong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe rinsing process in the production of surimi can cause the loss of some important nutrients. To investigate the differences in nutritional properties between rinsed surimi (RS) and unrinsed surimi (US), this study compared the elemental composition, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition, proteomics, and an immunosuppression mouse model of surimi before and after rinsing, and analyzed the nutritional and immunological properties of RS and US.RESULTSThe results showed that the protein, fat, and ash contents of RS were decreased compared with those of US; specifically, the contents of essential amino acids, semi‐essential amino acids, non‐essential amino acids, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were decreased. In the non‐labeled quantitative proteomics analysis, three high‐abundance quantifiable protein contents and 68 low‐abundance quantifiable protein contents were found in RS (P‐values < 0.05, ratio > 2). Immune function experiments in mice revealed that both RS and US contributed to the recovery of immunity in immunocompromised mice. The effect of US was better than that of RS.CONCLUSIONThe rinsing process in surimi processing leads to the loss of nutrients in surimi. US promotes the recovery of immunity in immunocompromised mice more effectively than RS. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Performance improvement for additive light field displays with weighted simultaneous algebra reconstruction technique and tracked views
Authors: Gao Chen , Dong Linqi , Xu Liang , Liu Xu , Li Haifeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdditive light field displays are transparent autostereoscopic three‐dimensional displays without backlights, thus suitable for augmented reality applications. However, when the parallax between viewpoint images becomes large with the increase of viewing angle, the optimization algorithm is hard to handle too many dissimilarities evenly on all viewpoints, resulting in poor reconstructed quality. This paper presents an additive light field display using the weighted simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique with viewing angle‐dependent weight distribution functions. We constrain the optimization to deliver a reconstructed light field of high image quality for viewpoints of large weight. When the proposed method is applied, with a wide dynamic viewing angle of 57° × 43°, the tracked views' peak signal‐to‐noise ratio exceeds 30 dB with only two additive display layers.
Effect of zirconia in the corrosion behavior of intermetallic Mo3Si alloy in molten salts mixture of NaNO3 and KNO3
Authors: Brito‐Hernádez Daniel , Rosales‐Cadena Isaí , Gónzalez‐Rodríguez José G. , Uruchurtu‐Chavarín Jorge , Guardían‐Tapia Rene , Vera‐Dimas José G. , López‐Sesenes Roy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe corrosion effect of zirconia addition, 1, 2, and 5 atomic percent (at.%), on the hot corrosion behavior of Mo3Si intermetallic alloy in 60 wt.% NaNO3 + 40 wt.% KNO3 at 600°C, has been evaluated by using electrochemical methods. Electrochemical techniques included electrochemical noise analyses (ENA), polarization curves (PC), and linear polarization resistance (LPR). The average grain size decreased when the specimen was alloyed with Zr from 90 μm for as‐cast Mo3Si, down to 25 and 10 μm for alloys containing 1, 2, and 5 at.% Zr, respectively. All specimens showed a passive behavior, with the corrosion current density values decreasing for adding either 1 or 2 at.% Zr but increasing for specimens containing 5 at.% Zr. The corrosion process was under charge transfer control for the as‐cast alloy or when 1 or 2 at.% Zr was added, but it was diffusion controlled when 5 at.% Zr was added. The noise resistance value (Rn) increased for specimens containing 1 or 2 at.% Zr but decreased when 5 at.% Zr was added. X‐ray diffraction showed the presence of SiO2, MoO4, Mo4O11, and ZrO2 in the passive layer.
On the regularity and continuity of the multilinear fractional strong maximal operators
Authors: Liu Feng , Xue Qingying , Yabuta Kôzô 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLet , , and denote the family of all rectangles in with sides parallel to the axes. The main purpose of this paper is to study the regularity and continuity properties of the multilinear fractional strong maximal operators associated with rectangles
which covers the multilinear strong maximal operator , corresponding to the critical index . Boundedness and continuity for the map are proved, provided that , and . As an application of the above boundedness result, the q‐quasicontinuity for is established. In addition, we also prove that a vector function with each implies almost everywhere approximately differentiability of when , which is stronger than the best result known for .
Nuclear operators and applications to kernel operators
Authors: Nowak Marian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLet Σ be a σ‐algebra of subsets of a set Ω and be the Banach lattice of bounded Σ‐measurable real functions on Ω. For a Banach space E, we establish the relationship between a countably additive measure of finite variation with a ‐Bochner integrable derivative and nuclearity of the corresponding integration operator . As an application, we derive that if Ω is a topological Hausdorff space and Y is a compact Hausdorff space and , then the corresponding kernel operator is nuclear.
Pressure Drop and Its Reduction in Trickle Bed Using Xanthan Gum
Authors: Omar Rahul , Mishra Dinesh , Omar Rohit , Kumar Samit 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPressure drop is an important parameter in the design and energy requirements of the trickle bed. Pressure reduction is one of the most important techniques for reducing energy consumption in a trickle bed. The present work involves an experimental investigation on pressure drop and pressure reduction using xanthan gum as pressure reducing agent (PRA). Pressure reduction is quantified from the pressure drop data. Based on the present observations, it is found that the percentage pressure reduction increases with an increase in the concentration of PRA and it is only effective in the range of 200–600 ppm. The experimental results indicate that a maximum of 73% pressure reduction is achievable using xanthan gum (600 ppm) as PRA.
Ion Transport Behavior in Nanotube‐Embedded Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte Membranes
Authors: Ranjta Lovely , Singh Chandra Prakash , Rai Neelesh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present work is aimed to study the role of MWCNT on the performance of a PVA‐based nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NCPEs) gel membranes. The gel membranes are prepared by solution cast method and characterized by structural, electrical, and electrochemical measurements. SEM pictures confirm diminution in porosity of the system on increasing MWCNT contents. FTIR studies show the role of MWCNT as passive filler only causing structural changes and minor shifting occurs in the system. Optimum conductivity is achieved at 5.49×10−4 S cm−1for 1 wt% MWCNT. The temperature dependence conductivity follows Arrhenius and Vogel‐Tammam‐Fulcher (VTF) behavior. The a.c. conductivity response seems to obey universal power law. LSV investigations on gel membranes have better electrochemical stability viz. ±4.29 Volt.
Accurate Closed Form expressions for Conductor Loss and Dielectric Loss in Thin Film Microstrip Line
Authors: Bansal Ritu , Mishra Sanjay Kumar , Kumar Yogesh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, two improved closed form expressions are presented, namely, conductor loss and dielectric loss. The improved conductor loss closed form expression is perturbation‐based model approach suggested by Holloway & Kuester. This model takes into account the frequency‐dependent nature of conductivity of thin film conductor and effect of strip thickness. The model of dielectric loss takes into account frequency‐dependent loss tangent and effective relative permittivity of dielectric. A comparison of the present models with the experimental results is also presented for the frequency range from 100 to 1000 GHz. Deviations of the models suggested from experimental results are also tabulated. Average deviation and maximum deviation for conductor loss are 9.26 and 11.56, respectively. Also, average deviation and maximum deviation for dielectric loss are 4.89 and 6.67, respectively.
Spectroscopic Study of Poly Vinyl Alcohol Film Prepared in Different Polar Solvents
Authors: Pandey Kamlesh , Dwivedi Mrigank Mauli 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biodegradable, non‐toxic, synthetic solvent swollen polymer. It is soluble in different polar solvents like water (H2O), N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Spectroscopic observations show the coexistence of solvent and polymeric matrix upto high temperature (∼200 °C). The solvents are remained trapped inside the matrix. The XRD study shows a peculiar phase changing phenomenon after 125 °C. A very beautiful fish scale like surface morphology appears in the SEM images of the membrane. The FTIR and Laser Raman spectroscopy support the coexistence of solvent and polymer in the membrane.
Airborne Particulate Matter and Associated Heavy Metals: A Review
Authors: Maring Teshilring , Kumar Suman , Jha Ajay Kumar , Kumar Naresh , Pandey Shri Prakash 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnplanned urbanization, industrial enhancement, and tremendous increase in motor vehicle traffic lead to exponential rise in pollution. Air pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 10), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone (O3), and heavy metals are found at a high concentration in the atmosphere. Particulate matter with 10 µm or less in diameter (PM10) is known to have adverse effects on human health and the environment. Particle pollution is known to have many environmental effects from poor visibility to more serious consequences such as acid rain, which pollutes soil and water. Heavy metal determination in ambient air is an important area for environmental researchers because of their toxicity to human beings. Some heavy metals (hexavalent chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni)) have been listed as carcinogens. Furthermore, heavy metals in the atmosphere can accumulate in various plants and animals and enter humans through the food chain. Heavy metals have toxic effects when they are involved in biochemical reactions in living organisms. The Government of India has proposed National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)—a powerful step in acknowledging and resolving the problem of deteriorating ambient air quality. This study reports the major sources of particulate matter and heavy metals in the atmosphere, their effects and control for sustainable environment.
Electro‐optical Properties of ZnSe Doped with Gd and (Ag,Gd) Phosphors
Authors: Mishra Pragati , Mishra A. K. , Pandey S. P. , Pandey Janardan Prasad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo understand the position of donor‐ acceptor level and nature of electronic state of activators and co‐ activators, the photo luminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) emission spectra of Znse: Gd and Zn Se: (Ag, Gd) phosphors, have been recorded at room temperature. The method of preparation of phosphors is described. Voltage and frequency dependence of electroluminescent has also b been described. The light output varies as been studied for a wide range of frequencies. It is observed that the EL emission spectra of these phosphors are shifted towards lower wavelength sides on increasing the field frequency.
Microwave Propagation Characteristics in Magnetized‐Cold‐Plasma‐Based Binary Photonic Crystal with Defect of MCP Layer
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Pandey Girijesh N. , Dhayal Sonu , Dhayal Sardul Singh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this communication, the TMM for the analysis of transmission characteristics of MCP based PCs is employed. The periodic structure of air/right‐hand‐MCP, in asymmetric form (AB)N, is considered as RHPPC. The transmission characteristics of the same structure are analyzed with symmetrically introduced defect layer of MCP for different values of the magnetizing field. It is observed that this binary RHPPC in both cases acts as good reflectors in low and high frequency ranges for low magnetic field between 0.4T to 1.2T; and the bandgaps vanish at higher magnetic field above 1.2T, in both types of PCs. Further, it is noticed that the transmittance in defect introduced PC is low in comparison to corresponding PC without defect, for a particular value of magnetic field up to 1.2T. The defective RHPPC exhibits defect modes in the bandgap regions. Hence, an increase in magnetic field decreases the bandgaps and consequently increases the transmission in both cases; while impact of defect is to reduce the transmission. The lowest reverse transmission peak for the defective PC obtained with the value of magnetic field from 2.0T to 2.4T shows more transmission as compared to that of the PC without defect. The insights of this comparative analysis can be used in designing tunable microwave transmitters.