bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic and targeted metabolomic analyses reveal distinct phenotypes of the gut microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yang Yong , Han Zihan , Gao Zhaoya , Chen Jiajia , Song Can , Xu Jingxuan , Wang Hanyang , Huang An , Shi Jingyi , Gu Jin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), and the patients with CRC and T2DM have worse survival. The human gut microbiota (GM) is linked to the development of CRC and T2DM, respectively. However, the GM characteristics in patients with CRC and T2DM remain unclear.Methods:We performed fecal metagenomic and targeted metabolomics studies on 36 samples from CRC patients with T2DM (DCRC group,n= 12), CRC patients without diabetes (CRC group,n= 12), and healthy controls (Health group,n= 12). We analyzed the fecal microbiomes, characterized the composition and function based on the metagenomics of DCRC patients, and detected the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs) levels in all fecal samples. Finally, we performed a correlation analysis of the differential bacteria and metabolites between different groups.Results:Compared with the CRC group, LefSe analysis showed that there is a specific GM community in DCRC group, including an increased abundance ofEggerthella,Hungatella,Peptostreptococcus, andParvimonas, and decreasedButyricicoccus,Lactobacillus, andParaprevotella. The metabolomics analysis results revealed that the butyric acid level was lower but the deoxycholic acid and 12-keto-lithocholic acid levels were higher in the DCRC group than other groups (P< 0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the dominant bacterial abundance in the DCRC group (Parvimonas,Desulfurispora,Sebaldella, andVeillonellales, among others) was negatively correlated with butyric acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, cholic acid and glycocholate. However, the abundance of mostly inferior bacteria was positively correlated with these metabolic acid levels, includingFaecalibacterium,Thermococci, andCellulophaga.Conclusions:Unique fecal microbiome signatures exist in CRC patients with T2DM compared to those with non-diabetic CRC. Alterations in GM composition and SCFAs and secondary BAs levels may promote CRC development.
A systematic review of respect between acute care nurses and physicians
Authors: Bransby Derrick P. , Mayo Anna T. , Cronin Matthew A. , Park Katie , Yuan Christina T. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundInterprofessional collaboration between nurses and physicians has become an essential part of patient care, which, when lacking, can lead to well-known challenges. One possible explanation for ineffective nurse–physician collaboration is a lack of respect.PurposeThis review aims to enhance our understanding of the role of respect in work between nurses and physicians by synthesizing evidence about the conceptualization of respect, its mechanisms and outcomes, and its origins.MethodsWe performed a PRISMA-guided systematic literature review across five databases and reviewed 28 empirical studies about respect between nurses and physicians in acute care settings.FindingsResearch about respect between nurses and physicians varied in its conceptualization of respect in terms of its nature (as an attitude or behavior), its target (respect for individuals or groups), and its object (respect for task-relevant capabilities or human rights). The greatest convergence was on respect’s object; the majority of studies focused on respect for task-relevant capabilities. The work reviewed offered insights into respect’s potential mechanisms (attention and civility), outcomes (e.g., collaboration, patient outcomes, and provider outcomes such as job satisfaction), and origins (e.g., professional status and competence)—the latter suggesting how respect might be generated, developed, and maintained.Practice ImplicationsOur review highlights a need to appreciate how respect for task-relevant capabilities relates to respect for human rights and what fosters each to avoid rewarding only one while hoping for both, allowing leaders to cultivate more effective nurse–physician collaborations and better patient and provider outcomes.
Repeated Intracameral Amphotericin B: A Safe Approach for Management of Fungal Anterior Chamber Reactivations After Therapeutic Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Okonkwo Arthur , Sethi Kavita , Anand Seema 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to describe the safe use of repeated intracameral amphotericin B for anterior chamber reactivations after therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty for Fusarium solani keratitis.

Methods:
A 49-year-old woman monthly soft contact lens wearer with a history of overuse and swimming in her lenses presented with a red painful left eye. Her vision was 0.5 logMAR and there was a poorly demarcated corneal infiltrate. Although corneal scrapes and a corneal biopsy were negative, confocal microscopy showed fungal hyphae. After failure of medical treatment, therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty was performed. Fusarium solani sensitive to amphotericin was isolated. There was pan-azole resistance. The patient was managed with topical amphotericin B, and repeated anterior chamber reactivations were managed with intracameral amphotericin B 5 µg in 0.1 mL on 9 occasions over 5 months after sensitivities were known. Topical cyclosporine was used as the sole immunomodulator postoperatively, with no topical steroid use over the 4-year follow-up period.

Results:
There were no episodes of graft rejection and no endothelial, lenticular, or retinal toxicity. The best-corrected visual acuity is −0.1 logMAR and the endothelial cell count is 2160/mm2.

Conclusion:
This report describes the safe and effective use of repeated intracameral amphotericin (cumulative 45 µg) in anterior chamber reactivations after therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty and highlights the role of fungal sensitivity in guiding treatment in refractory cases. It also demonstrated the successful use of topical cyclosporin as the sole postoperative immunomodulatory therapy despite repeated recurrence of infection and consequent increased inflammation in the postoperative period.
Preloaded DMEK With Endothelium Outward: A Multicenter Clinical Study Using DMEK Rapid Device
Authors: Wojcik Gabriela , Parekh Mohit , Romano Vito , Ruzza Alessandro , Scorcia Vincenzo , Viola Pietro , Leon Pia , Franch Antonella , Gadhvi Kunal A. , Ponzin Diego , Ferrari Stefano 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:The objective of this study is to validate Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) Rapid device for preloading DMEK grafts with endothelium outward.Methods:In this multicenter retrospective clinical study, DMEK tissues (n = 27) were peeled and preloaded (8.25 mm) in a DMEK Rapid device. The device was loaded in a container prefilled with the storage solution and shipped from a single center in Italy to 4 different centers located in Italy and the United Kingdom. Preloaded tissues were delivered by injecting the graft in the anterior chamber. Patients were monitored at days 1 and 15 and at months 1, 3, and 6, as well as at the last follow-up (9–12 months) postoperatively. Main outcome measures included rebubbling rate and graft failure, corrected distance visual acuity, endothelial cell loss (ECL), and central corneal thickness at all time points. A one-way analysis of variance test comparing day 1 with all later time points was followed with significance atP< 0.05.Results:The average recorded surgical time was 6 to 25 minutes with no immediate surgical complications. Rebubbling was observed in 7 of 26 cases with one graft failure within 15 days postoperatively. The mean corrected distance visual acuity at day 1 was 0.64 ± 0.49 logMAR, which improved to 0.18 ± 0.43 logMAR at the last follow-up. Endothelial cell density values showed a significant decrease at the last follow-up (1827 ± 565 cells/mm2) (P< 0.001) compared with the preoperative value (2503 ± 128 cells/mm2), with an average endothelial cell loss of 27%. Central corneal thickness significantly dropped from 694 ± 157 μm at day 1 to 502 ± 42 μm at the last follow-up (P< 0.001).Conclusions:DMEK Rapid device is quick, easy, and efficient for preloading and shipping DMEK grafts internationally in endothelium-outward orientation.
Alternative Approach for the Treatment of Conjunctivochalasis: Plasma-Based Conjunctivoplasty
Authors: Ucar Fikret 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of plasma-based conjunctivoplasty as a new surgical approach for conjunctivochalasis.

Methods:
This prospective, noncomparative, interventional study included research on 42 eyes of 33 patients who underwent plasma therapy because of conjunctivochalasis between February 2020 and December 2021. Maintaining a 2-mm distance from the limbus, at least 3 lines (approximately 2 mm deep) of plasma therapy were applied to the conjunctiva from the temporal quadrant to the nasal quadrant. Patient symptoms, the fluorescein clearance test, ocular surface integrity with fluorescein staining, the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, tear breakup time (TBUT), tear meniscus height, and complications were evaluated.

Results:
The mean patient age at the time of surgery was 67.3 ± 7.2 (range: 54–81) years. After surgery, the grades of conjunctivochalasis decreased in all patients. Although epiphora was present in 28 eyes (66.6%) preoperatively, none of the cases had epiphora during the follow-up period. The Ocular Surface Disease Index score improved significantly from 34.7 ± 10.3 preoperatively to 5.0 ± 4.2 3 months postoperatively (P <0.001). Although the preoperative TBUT was 5.1 ± 2.2 seconds, the TBUT increased to 10.0 ± 2.3 seconds 3 months postoperatively (P <0.001). Chemosis developed in only 1 eye (2.3%) and completely regressed with topical steroid treatment in the first postoperative week.

Conclusions:
Plasma-based conjunctivoplasty is a minimally invasive and simple surgery with less intraoperative and postoperative discomfort, a fast recovery, and can be suggested as an alternative approach to other treatment methods.
Disseminated Blastomycosis in a Previously Stable Crohn's Disease Patient on Infliximab Therapy
Authors: Kreines Michael , Newstead Sabrina , Bishop Neil 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Reactivation of granulomatous diseases is a well-documented risk of biologic therapy. This case highlights a patient well controlled on chronic infliximab therapy, developing symptoms consistent with disease progression. The patient underwent a surgical laparoscopy given concern of small bowel obstruction in which diffuse, peritoneal nodularity was seen. Further staining revealed broad-budding yeast and blastomyces urinary antigen resulted as positive. The patient was treated for disseminated blastomycosis, and his symptoms completely resolved.
A Blue-Enriched Light Intervention Counteracts the Alertness Decrement Among Mine Workers on Extended 12-Hour Night Shift Periods
Authors: Hébert Marc , Lavigne Andrée-Anne , Auclair Julie , Martin Jeanne-Sophie , Francis Kimberley , Gagnon Justine Dumoulin , Dubois Marc-André , Laberge Luc 
Published: March 2023

Objective
The aim of the study is to assess whether a blue-enriched light intervention improves nocturnal alertness and daytime sleep of night workers.

Methods
Thirteen miners performing 12-hour night shifts for 12 consecutive nights were exposed to a baseline and a blue-enriched light condition. All subjects wore an actigraph and completed a Psychomotor Vigilance Task at the beginning and at the end of each shift. Data were analyzed with linear mixed models.

Results
In the blue-enriched light condition, the daily increase in median reaction time (RT), mean RT, slowest 10% of RT, and fastest 10% of RT was lower than that observed in the baseline condition between day 1 and 12 (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions
The addition of blue-enriched light during a long period of extended night shifts counteracts most of the daily decline in nocturnal alertness observed in the standard lighting condition, irrespectively of sleep duration and sleep efficiency.
Prospective Validation of Tubomanometry in Children With Normal Eustachian Tube Function
Authors: Kuhlmann Götz , Schädelin Sabine , Gürtler Nicolas 
Published: March 2023

Objectives
Tubomanometry (TMM), described initially by Estève, is a relatively new manometric method for testing the eustachian tube function (ETF). This study presents the analysis of the measurement of ETF of healthy children by TMM, which has, to date, not been properly evaluated. The objectives of the study were to establish normative data for TMM and to demonstrate TMM as a reliable and valid method for measuring ETF in children.

Design
The evaluation, after initial power analysis, comprised 35 children from 6 to 15 years of age with an intact tympanic membrane, no severe ET dysfunction, and less than three inflammations of the middle ear in their medical history. TMM was performed twice at three pressure levels for both ears. Statistical assessment of the various parameters of TMM was performed with emphasis on the R value and possible age dependency.

Results
The 90th percentile for the R value was calculated to be 1.12. No clinically relevant age effect regarding the use of TMM as a screening method for children was found. Healthy children showed an opening within normal limits for the so-called R value in 88%; a delayed opening was measured in 6%, and rarely no opening was measured in 2%.

Conclusions
TMM is a reliable tool for measuring ETF in children. The normal limit for the R value should be set at 1.12. The proposed measuring algorithm and results can be used to calculate sensitivity and specificity in a future study.
Examining the Spatial Varying Effects of Sociodemographic Factors on Adult Cochlear Implantation Using Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression
Authors: Lee Melissa S. , Lin Vincent Y. , Mei Zhen , Mei Jannis , Chan Emmanuel , Shipp David , Chen Joseph M. , Le Trung N. 
Published: March 2023

Objective
To (i) demonstrate the utility of geographically weighted Poisson regression (GWPR) in describing geographical patterns of adult cochlear implant (CI) incidence in relation to sociodemographic factors in a publicly funded healthcare system, and (ii) compare Poisson regression and GWPR to fit the aforementioned relationship.

Study Design
Retrospective study of provincial CI Program database.

Setting
Academic hospital.

Patients
Adults 18 years or older who received a CI from 2020 to 2021.

Intervention(s)
Cochlear implant.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
CI incidence based on income level, education attainment, age at implantation, and distance from center, and spatial autocorrelation across census metropolitan areas.

Results
Adult CI incidence varied spatially across Ontario (Moran's I = 0.04, p < 0.05). Poisson regression demonstrated positive associations between implantation and lower income level (coefficient = 0.0284, p < 0.05) and younger age (coefficient = 0.1075, p < 0.01), and a negative association with distance to CI center (coefficient = −0.0060, p < 0.01). Spatial autocorrelation was significant in Poisson model (Moran's I = 0.13, p < 0.05). GWPR accounted for spatial differences (Moran's I = 0.24, p < 0.690), and similar associations to Poisson were observed. GWPR further identified clusters of implantation in South Central census metropolitan areas with higher education attainment.

Conclusions
Adult CI incidence demonstrated a nonstationary relationship between implantation and the studied sociodemographic factors. GWPR performed better than Poisson regression in accounting for these local spatial variations. These results support the development of targeted interventions to improve access and utilization to CIs in a publicly funded healthcare system.
Distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and syndrome elements of chronic heart failure based on network analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis
Authors: Zhou Yi , Huang Pinxian , Li Xiaoqian , He Jiancheng 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To explore the distributions of syndromes and syndrome elements of chronic heart failure (CHF), so as to provide a point of reference to the research on diagnosis and treatment of CHF, the study on syndrome standardization, and objective research of TCM diagnosis.

Methods:
The clinical research articles on CHF syndromes in recent 40 years were retrieved from Wanfang Data, CNKI, CqVIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The cumulative frequencies of CHF syndromes, syndrome elements, and their corresponding cases were counted and compared. The syndrome elements were analyzed by network analysis, and the symptoms were analyzed by hierarchical cluster analysis.

Results:
A total of 278 Chinese articles with 71 syndromes and 31 syndrome elements were included after two rounds of screening. The research on CHF syndrome has kept a regular activeness till now, but its development was geographically uneven. The distribution of CHF syndromes gained from the cumulative frequencies of syndromes appeared in the articles were in line with that gained from the cumulative frequencies of the cases corresponding to syndromes. The network analysis found four communities of syndrome elements, indicating the deficiency-excess in complexity of CHF pathology, which can be inferred as some common CHF syndromes. The hierarchical cluster analysis on CHF symptoms showed that the distribution of CHF syndromes included five types.

Conclusion:
The distribution of CHF syndromes includes syndrome of qi deficiency with blood stasis, syndrome of qi and yin deficiency, syndrome of yang deficiency with water retention, syndrome of heart blood stasis obstruction, syndrome of turbid phlegm, and syndrome of collapse due to primordial yang deficiency. The syndrome elements on location of illness are heart, kidney, lung, and spleen, and the syndrome elements on nature of illness are qi deficiency, blood stasis, yang deficiency, yin deficiency, water retention, and turbid phlegm.
Immune-related adverse events associated with the use of immunotherapy in patients with B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kanovengi Bianca K. , Nkambule Bongani B. , Hauwanga Edwig , Nyambuya Tawanda M. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a neoplasm of immature B-cells that is more prevalent in children. Despite successful remission rates in patients with B-ALL on chemotherapy, the risk of relapse is high. This has paved way for highly active immune and cell therapies to be intensively explored. However, the efficacy and immune-related adverse events (AE) associated with the use of immunotherapies remain elusive.

Methods:
This protocol has been prepared in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 guidelines. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and Embase electronic databases will be searched to retrieve relevant interventional studies. Two reviewers (BKK and EH) will autonomously search and identify relevant studies using a preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. A predefined data extraction sheet will be used to extract relevant data items. The risk of bias will be assessed by 2 reviewers (BKK and BBN) using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized controlled trials and the Downs and Black Checklist for nonrandomized controlled trials. A third reviewer (TMN) will be consulted for any discrepancies. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation will be used to assess the strengths of evidence by 2 reviewers (BBK and TMN). The I² and Chi-squared statistical tests will be used to investigate statistical heterogeneity across studies. An I² value of > 50% will be considered substantial heterogeneity and a random-effects model will be used. Data analysis will be performed using Review Manager (RevMan V.5.3) statistical software.
Primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in fourth ventricle: Case report and literature review
Authors: Zhao Jiahui , Zou Cunyi , Guo Zongze , Cheng Peng , Lu Weicheng 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is rare, especially lymphoma arising in the fourth ventricle. Only a few cases have been reported. We report a case of fourth ventricular lymphoma and review the relevant literature. Characterizing these cases can provide a basis for optimizing the diagnosis and management of fourth ventricle lymphoma.

Patient concerns:
A 48-year-old male with blurred vision, dizziness, staggering persisting for 2 months was admitted.

Diagnosis:
Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed a space occupying lesion of the fourth ventricle. The patient presented with symptoms of hydrocephalus before surgery, such as memory loss and slurred speech. Pathological analysis following complete resection confirmed the lesion as PCNSL.

Intervention:
The patient underwent a midline posterior fossa craniotomy.

Outcomes:
The patient symptoms were relieved after surgery. Postoperative chemotherapy was administered with our regular follow-up. Follow-up 9 months after operation indicated a good prognosis.

Lessons:
According to the literature, biopsy surgery and subsequent chemotherapy are generally considered as the best treatment options for PCNSL. We believe that for the special location of the fourth ventricle, lymphomas in this site are suitable for the combination of complete resection and subsequent chemotherapy. This approach facilitates tumor resection and reduces possibility of obstructive hydrocephalus.
Primary ovarian endometrial stromal sarcoma after hysterectomy associated with multiple organ invasion: A case report
Authors: Chen Ningxin , Gong Min , Lai Wen , Ling Ling , Liu Qiaoling 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare disease in patients with uterine malignancies, accounting for <1%. Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) accounts merely 0.2% of gynecologic malignant tumor. Primary low-grade extrauterine endometrioid stromal sarcomas (LGEESS) is even more uncommon, with only a few documented case reports. We report a case of primary LGEESS exhibiting widely invasion in multiple organs after hysterectomy, which is the first case reported in Jiangsu Province of China.

Patient concerns:
A 42-year-old nulliparous female with dysgnosia presented with a moderate amount of irregular vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain and distension, and frequent urination for 2 days. Her surgical history included a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy for uterine fibroids 6 years ago. Ultrasonography and the abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scan detected some solid polycystic masses in the pelvic and abdominal cavities.

Diagnoses:
The histopathology of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of LESS in the absence of florid endometriosis. The patient was diagnosed with primary extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma at FIGO stage III.

Interventions:
Surgery and histopathology were performed.

Outcome:
After surgery, the patient was maintained on leuprorelin acetate microspheres with sustained release for injection at 3.75 mg once every 4 weeks while refusing further radiotherapy.

Lessons:
The diagnosis of primary LGEESS is challenging mainly because of their unforeseen location and nongynecologic signs and symptoms. Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy are recommended to LGESS, while additional resection for extrauterine disease depends on disease extent and resectability.