bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are European Elections Second‐Order Elections for Everyone?
Authors: Bartels Jan‐Eric 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSecond‐order election (SOE) theory has been used to explain voting behaviour in European elections. Voters believe that less is at stake in some elections and some voters hence tend to cast a protest vote. However, most studies on the topic have focused on the demand side of SOEs – i.e. on the voters – and have ignored or only partially tackled the supply side – i.e. the strategic behaviour of parties – and excluded small and marginal parties (SMPs). However, SMPs may have greater incentive to seriously compete in SOEs. The 2019 European Parliament elections in Germany were particularly interesting to SMPs as there was no voting threshold, thereby increasing the chances of SMPs. To capture whether SMPs view European elections as first‐order elections and therefore expend more resources than parliamentary parties on these elections, I analysed campaign expenditures and manifestos. Results indicate that SMPs act within a rational actor framework, though not unequivocally.
FaMYB123 interacts with FabHLH3 to regulate the late steps of anthocyanin and flavonol biosynthesis during ripening
Authors: Martínez‐Rivas Félix J. , Blanco‐Portales Rosario , Serratosa María P. , Ric‐Varas Pablo , Guerrero‐Sánchez Víctor , Medina‐Puche Laura , Moyano Lourdes , Mercado José A. , Alseekh Saleh , Caballero José L. , Fernie Alisdair R. , Muñoz‐Blanco Juan , Molina‐Hidalgo Francisco J. 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYIn this work, we identified and functionally characterized the strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) R2R3 MYB transcription factor FaMYB123. As in most genes associated with organoleptic properties of ripe fruit, FaMYB123 expression is ripening‐related, receptacle‐specific, and antagonistically regulated by ABA and auxin. Knockdown of FaMYB123 expression by RNAi in ripe strawberry fruit receptacles downregulated the expression of enzymes involved in the late steps of anthocyanin/flavonoid biosynthesis. Transgenic fruits showed a parallel decrease in the contents of total anthocyanin and flavonoid, especially malonyl derivatives of pelargonidin and cyanidins. The decrease was concomitant with accumulation of proanthocyanin, propelargonidins, and other condensed tannins associated mainly with green receptacles. Potential coregulation between FaMYB123 and FaMYB10, which may act on different sets of genes for the enzymes involved in anthocyanin production, was explored. FaMYB123 and FabHLH3 were found to interact and to be involved in the transcriptional activation of FaMT1, a gene responsible for the malonylation of anthocyanin components during ripening. Taken together, these results demonstrate that FaMYB123 regulates the late steps of the flavonoid pathway in a specific manner. In this study, a new function for an R2R3 MYB transcription factor, regulating the expression of a gene that encodes a malonyltransferase, has been elucidated.
Blood donor, component, and recipient‐specific factors associated with venous thromboembolism in transfused hospitalized adult patients: Data from the recipient epidemiology and donor evaluation Study‐III (REDS‐III)
Authors: Goel Ruchika , Plimier Colleen , Lee Catherine , Tobian Aaron A. R. , Josephson Cassandra D. , Hod Eldad A. , Roubinian Nareg H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveGrowing evidence suggests multiple pathophysiological mechanisms linking red blood cells (RBC) transfusions to thrombosis. This study examined blood donor, component, and recipient factors which may be associated with thromboembolic outcomes following RBC transfusion.MethodsWe utilized the Recipient Epidemiology Donor Evaluation Study‐III (REDS‐III) database on patients transfused in 12 hospitals between 2013–2016. Stratified Cox proportional hazards regression models with time‐dependent exposures were used to examine associations of donor and component modification characteristics on venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients transfused RBC units.Results59,603 patients were transfused 229,500 RBC units during 79,298 hospitalizations with post‐transfusion VTE occurring in 1869 (2.4%) of patients. In adjusted regression analyses, a per RBC‐unit risk of VTE was present for gamma irradiation (HR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02–1.03), female donor sex (HR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00–1.01), storage duration greater than 5 weeks (HR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.01–1.02), AS‐1 storage solution (HR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00–1.01), and apheresis‐derived collections (HR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.01–1.02). Among recipient factors, male sex (HR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02–1.04), pre‐transfusion hemoglobin level (HR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.94–0.94), body mass index strata (HR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.08–1.14), and principal diagnoses including malignancy (HR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.10–1.16), cardiac arrest (HR = 1.38; 95% CI:1.07–1.77) and hip fracture (HR = 1.59; 95% CI:1.53–1.66) were associated with VTE in adjusted analyses.DiscussionWe identified several donor, component, and recipient‐specific factors associated with VTE in transfused hospitalized adult patients. In adjusted models, the dose‐dependent associations of donor and component‐specific factors with VTE were modest and unlikely to be clinically significant in the majority of transfused patients. Additional mechanistic and clinical studies linking blood donor and component factors with thrombotic outcomes are needed.
Randomised Alpha-Cut Fuzzy Logic Hybrid Model in Solving 3-Satisfiability Hopfield Neural Network
Authors: Azizan Farah Liyana , Sathasivam Saratha 
Published: February 2023

This paper proposes an innovative approach to improve the performance of 3SAT logic programming in the Hopfield neural network. The merged structures of the 3SAT and Hopfield network have specific weaknesses, one of which is that, at times, the system attained local minimum solutions rather than global minimum solutions. A new model of integration randomised alpha-cut fuzzy logic with 3SAT in the Hopfield network is built to convey information more effectively. 3SAT and fuzzy logic can work together to solve Hopfield networks' combinatorial optimisation issues. Procedures of fuzzifying and defuzzifying the neurons might ease the computational burden of determining the correct neuron states. Until the proper neuron state is established, unsatisfied neuron clauses will be modified using a randomised alpha-cut approach in the defuzzifier step. An incorporated design built a random approach to select the alpha-cut values of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5. At this point, a fuzzy value switches into a crisp output back through the defuzzifier process. Based on the results obtained, the proposed hybrid strategy effectively improves the indicators of RMSE, SSE, MAE, MAPE, global minima and total computational time. A computer-generated data set was used to measure how well the hybridised techniques performed. The performance of the proposed network was trained and validated using Matlab 2020b. The results are significant because this model significantly affects how successfully Hopfield networks merged with fuzzy logic can tackle the 3SAT challenges. The obtained data and ideas will help to create novel approaches to data collection for upcoming logic programming exploration.
The dawn of the functional genomics era in muscle physiology
Authors: Seaborne Robert A. E. , Ochala Julien 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSkeletal muscle is the most abundant component of the mature mammalian phenotype. Designed to generate contractile force and movement, skeletal muscle is crucial for organism health, function and development. One of the great interests for muscle biologists is in understanding how skeletal muscle adapts during periods of stress and stimuli, such as disease, disuse and ageing. To this end, genomic‐based experimental and analytical approaches offer one of the most powerful approaches for comprehensively mapping the molecular paradigms that regulate skeletal muscle. With the power, applicability, and robustness of ‘omic’ technologies continually being developed, we are now in a position to investigate these molecular mechanisms in skeletal muscle to an unprecedented level of accuracy and precision, heralding the dawn of a new era of functional genomics in the field of muscle physiology.
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History of monitoring induced seismicity in New Mexico
Authors: Litherland Mairi 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
New Mexico has experienced earthquakes throughout its history. Paleoseismic records show numerous Quaternary faults along the Rio Grande Rift, which runs N-S through the state, and events as large as ~M 6.2 have occurred associated with the Socorro magma body in central New Mexico. In recent years, the state has also experienced increased amounts of induced seismicity. Because of its long history of naturally occurring earthquakes, New Mexico began monitoring earthquakes in 1960, primarily around the Socorro area. In 1972, the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology established a seismic monitoring network in southeastern New Mexico to monitor seismicity in the region of the proposed Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, a nuclear waste storage facility. A permanent network was established in the 1990s, and it has been expanded and improved several times over the subsequent decades as the seismicity in the region has increased. Currently, the New Mexico Tech Seismological Observatory maintains 17 real-time stations throughout the state of New Mexico, primarily in the Socorro area and in southeastern New Mexico. The University of New Mexico, Los Alamos National Laboratory, U.S. Geological Survey, and the state of Texas maintain additional stations in and around New Mexico. Although the amount of induced seismicity in New Mexico has been to this point relatively moderate, the rapid increase in seismicity, particularly in the Permian Basin in southeastern New Mexico, has given rise to concerns about what the future could hold and led to increased efforts to understand the seismicity. Due to the location of New Mexico’s major oil- and gas-producing basins, several of which span state borders, collaboration with other states and agencies has been essential to studying these problems. Additionally, the long history of seismic monitoring in southeastern New Mexico provides an invaluable resource for understanding the progression of induced seismicity over time. We have only begun to fully utilize the potential of this data set.
Association between adiponectin and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in population with the clustering of obesity, dyslipidaemia and hypertension: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hong Xiaosi , Zhang Xiaoyun , You Lili , Li Feng , Lian Hong , Wang Jiahuan , Mao Na , Ren Meng , Li Yan , Wang Chuan , Sun Kan 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesAdiponectin is closely related to glucose metabolism and traditional diabetes risk factors (obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia). We aimed to explore the association between adiponectin levels and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre-diabetes in subgroups classified according to T2DM risk factors.SettingSun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.Participants3680 individuals (1753 men and 1927 women) aged 18–70 years from Guangzhou and Dongguan, China, were enrolled from December 2018 to October 2019.Primary and secondary outcome measuresT2DM was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG)≥7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c≥6.5%, and pre-diabetes was defined as 6.1 mmol/L≤FPG<7.0 mmol/L or 5.7≤HbA1c<6.5%.ResultsWith the increasing number of T2DM risk factors, the proportion of the population with high-quartile adiponectin levels gradually decreased (p<0.001). A low level of adiponectin was significantly associated with diabetes and pre-diabetes in a population with ≥1 T2DM risk factor, whereas its association was not consistently significant in the population with all three T2DM risk factors. For instance, participants were more likely to have diabetes or prediabetes with low levels of adiponectin when they had ≥ one T2DM risk factor (quartile 2 vs. 1: OR 0.71 [95%CI: 0.56–0.89]; P=0.003; quartile 3 vs. 1: OR 0.57 [95%CIs: 0.44–0.72]; P<0.001; and quartile 4 vs. 1: OR 0.52 [95%CIs: 0.40–0.67]; P<0.001).ConclusionAdiponectin was negatively associated with diabetes and pre-diabetes in a population with few T2DM risk factors, while their relationship gradually attenuated with the accumulation of T2DM risk factors, especially in a population with coexisting diseases such as obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia.
Are hospitals with both medical/surgical and psychiatric services associated with decreased difficulty in ambulance transfer for patients with self-harm behaviour? A nationwide retrospective observational study using ambulance transfer data in Japan
Authors: Chiba Takuyo , Takaku Reo , Ito Erina , Tamune Hidetaka , Rivera Marisa , Ikeda Shunya , Shiga Takashi 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesAmbulance diversion and prolonged prehospital transfer time have a significant impact on patient care outcomes. Self-harm behaviour in particular is associated with difficulty in hospital acceptance and longer prehospital transfer time. This study aimed to determine if hospitals with both medical/surgical and psychiatric inpatient beds and high-level emergency care centres are associated with a decreased rate of difficulty in hospital acceptance and shorter prehospital transfer time for patients seeking medical care after self-harm behaviour.Design and settingA retrospective observational study using the database of Japanese ambulance dispatch data in 2015.ParticipantsPatients who were transferred by ambulances after self-harm behaviour.InterventionsNone.Main outcome measuresMultivariable logistic regression analysis and multivariable linear regression analysis were performed to assess whether the presence of hospitals with both medical/surgical and psychiatric inpatient beds and high-level emergency care centres in the city were associated with a decreased rate of difficulty in hospital acceptance and shorter prehospital transfer time.ResultsThe number of transfers due to self-harm behaviour in 2015 was 32 849. There was an association between decreased difficulty in hospital acceptance and the presence of high-level emergency care centres (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.71, p<0.01) and hospitals with both medical/surgical and psychiatric inpatient beds (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.66, p<0.01). There was a significant reduction in prehospital transfer time in the city with high-level emergency care centres (4.21 min, 95% CI 3.53 to 4.89, p<0.01) and hospitals with medical/surgical and psychiatric inpatient beds (3.46 min, 95% CI 2.15 to 4.77, p<0.01).ConclusionHospitals with both medical/surgical and psychiatric inpatient beds and high-level emergency care centres were associated with significant decrease in difficulty in hospital acceptance and shorter prehospital transfer time.
Identifying risk factors for perioperative decline in right ventricular performance in cardiac surgery patients: a prospective observational study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Bethlehem Carina , Bootsma Inge T , De Lange Fellery , Boerma E Christiaan 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesImpaired right ventricular (RV) function after cardiac surgery is associated with morbidity and long-term mortality. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that play a role in the development of RV dysfunction in the perioperative cardiac surgery setting.DesignWe performed a prospective, observational, single centre study. Over a 2-year period, baseline and perioperative characteristics were recorded. For analysis, subjects were divided into three groups: patients with a ≥3% absolute increase in postoperative RV ejection fraction (RVEF) in comparison to baseline (RVEF+), patients with a ≥3% absolute decrease in RVEF (RVEF−) and patients with a <3% absolute change in RVEF (RVEF=).SettingTertiary care hospital in the Netherlands.ParticipantsWe included all cardiac surgery patients ≥18 years of age equipped with a pulmonary artery catheter and admitted to the ICU in 2015–2016. There were no exclusion criteria. A total number of 267 patients were included (65.5% men).Outcome measuresRisk factors for a perioperative decline in RV function.ResultsA reduction in RVEF was observed in 40% of patients. In multivariate analysis, patients with RVEF− were compared with patients with RVEF= (first-mentioned OR) and RVEF+ (second-mentioned OR). Preoperative use of calcium channel blocker (CCB) (OR 3.06, 95% CI 1.24 to 7.54/OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.21 to 6.16 (both p=0.015)), intraoperative fluid balance (FB) (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.06 (p=0.039)/OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.49 (p=0.575)) and baseline RVEF (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.30/OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.35 (both p<0.001)) were identified as independent risk factors for a decline in RVEF during surgery.ConclusionApart from the impact of the perioperative FB, preoperative use of a CCB as a risk factor for perioperative reduction in RVEF is the most prominent new finding of this study.
Could patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease benefit from renin angiotensin system inhibitors? A meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Hongzhen , Huang Jingyi , Miao Miao , Huang Cheng , Hang Wenlu , Xu Yong 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered related to chronic systemic inflammation. Renin angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor, exerting an anti-inflammatory action in many systems, has been demonstrated relevant to the pathogenesis of COPD. However, the association between RAS inhibitor use and prognosis of patients with COPD remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to summarise current evidence.Material and methodsDatabases, including Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochran Library, were searched for eligible studies by the end of 30 September 2022. Observational studies or randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the association of RAS inhibitor use with prognosis of COPD (mortality or risk of acute exacerbation) were selected. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment of observational studies, while the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to assess the quality of RCTs. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata V.15. We selected relative risk (RR) with 95% CI as the effect measure. Heterogeneity was assessed by I-squared (I2) statistics. The funnel plot was used for visual assessment of publication bias.ResultsA total of 20 studies with 5 51 649 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The overall analysis indicated that RAS inhibitor use decreased the risk of death in patients with COPD (RR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.78). Subgroup analyses were conducted according to comorbidities, race and type of RAS inhibitors, and the results kept consistent. However, in the pooled analysis of prospective studies, RAS inhibitor use did not significantly decrease the mortality (RR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.02). Additionally, the risk of exacerbations of COPD did not decrease in patients who were prescribed RAS inhibitors (RR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.80 to 1.23). The funnel plot indicated significant publication bias.ConclusionRAS inhibitor use seemed to be associated with a reduction of mortality in patients with COPD. However, the available evidence is weak due to potential biases from retrospective studies and the heterogeneity across included studies.
What are small, medium and large effect sizes for exercise treatments of tendinopathy? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Swinton Paul A , Shim Joanna S C , Pavlova Anastasia Vladimirovna , Moss Rachel , Maclean Colin , Brandie David , Mitchell Laura , Greig Leon , Parkinson Eva , Tzortziou Brown Victoria , Morrissey Dylan , Alexander Lyndsay , Cooper Kay 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo quantify and describe effect size distributions from exercise therapies across a range of tendinopathies and outcome domains to inform future research and clinical practice through conducting a systematic review with meta-analysis.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis exploring moderating effects and context-specific small, medium and large thresholds.Eligibility criteriaRandomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials involving any persons with a diagnosis of rotator cuff, lateral elbow, patellar, Achilles or gluteal tendinopathy of any severity or duration.MethodsCommon databases, six trial registries and six grey literature databases were searched on 18 January 2021 (PROSPERO: CRD42020168187). Standardised mean difference (SMDpre) effect sizes were used with Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis models to calculate the 0.25 (small), 0.5 (medium) and 0.75 quantiles (large) and compare pooled means across potential moderators. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool.ResultsData were obtained from 114 studies comprising 171 treatment arms 4104 participants. SMDpreeffect sizes were similar across tendinopathies but varied across outcome domains. Greater threshold values were obtained for self-reported measures of pain (small=0.5, medium=0.9 and large=1.4), disability (small=0.6, medium=1.0 and large=1.5) and function (small=0.6, medium=1.1 and large=1.8) and lower threshold values obtained for quality of life (small=−0.2, medium=0.3 and large=0.7) and objective measures of physical function (small=0.2, medium=0.4 and large=0.7). Potential moderating effects of assessment duration, exercise supervision and symptom duration were also identified, with greater pooled mean effect sizes estimated for longer assessment durations, supervised therapies and studies comprising patients with shorter symptom durations.ConclusionThe effect size of exercise on tendinopathy is dependent on the type of outcome measure assessed. Threshold values presented here can be used to guide interpretation and assist with further research better establishing minimal important change.