bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excellent short‐term results of dome‐shaped high tibial osteotomy combined with all‐inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Takahashi Toshiaki , Watanabe Seiji , Hino Masanori , Takeda Haruhiko , Ito Toshio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to evaluate short‐term outcomes at least 2 years after dome‐shaped high tibial osteotomy (HTO) combined with all‐inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL) in patients with persistent ACL insufficiency accompanied by pain due to varus deformity.MethodsThe study enrolled 19 knees of 18 patients. The mean age was 58.4 ± 13.4 years and the mean postoperative follow‐up period was 31.4 ± 6.6 months (24–49 months). JOA(Japanese Orthopaedic Association)‐OA(osteoarthritis) score, Lysholm score, radiographic outcomes such as femoro‐tibia angle (FTA) in a standing position, side‐to‐side difference in KT‐1000 measurements were evaluated at pre op. and post operative final follow up. And arthroscopic evaluation was evaluated at the time of the HTO plate‐removal procedure.ResultsBefore surgery, the mean JOA‐OA score was 65.0 ± 13.5, the mean Lysholm score was 47.2 ± 16.2, the mean femoro‐tibia angle (FTA) in a standing position was 183.8 ± 3.4° (range;180–190°), and the mean side‐to‐side difference in KT‐1000 measurements was 4.1 ± 1.3 mm. After surgery, the mean JOA‐OA score, Lysholm score, and side‐to‐side difference in KT‐1000 measurements improved to 93.1 ± 6.0 (P < 0.00001), 94.2 ± 5.9 (P < 0.00001), and ‐0.2 ± 0.8 mm (P < 0.00001), respectively. The mean FTA decreased to 168.0 ± 3.3 (P < 0.00001), and the mean posterior tibial slope angle decreased to 5.0 ± 3.6° from 6.9 ± 2.6° preoperatively (P = 0.024). Arthroscopic evaluation during the HTO plate‐removal procedure of 17 knees were performed at a mean of 16 months after the surgery. The reconstructed ACL graft in 13 knees were successful, a cyclops lesion in one knee, and looseness of the graft in three knees.ConclusionsDome‐shaped HTO allows for a relatively high degree of varus correction and decreases the steep posterior tibial slope that causes excessive load on the ACL. Therefore, its use in combination with ACL reconstruction seems to be effective.
Positioning patients to partner: exploring ways to better integrate patient involvement in the learning health systems
Authors: Lee-Foon Nakia K. , Smith Maureen , Greene Sarah M. , Kuluski Kerry , Reid Robert J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobally, health systems are increasingly striving to deliver evidence based care that improves patients’, caregivers’ and communities’ health outcomes. To deliver this care, more systems are engaging these groups to help inform healthcare service design and delivery. Their lived experiences—experiences accessing and/or supporting someone who accesses healthcare services—are now viewed by many systems as expertise and an important part of understanding and improving care quality. Patients’, caregivers’ and communities’ participation in health systems can range from healthcare organizational design to being members of research teams. Unfortunately, this involvement greatly varies and these groups are often sidelined to the start of research projects, with little to no role in later project stages. Additionally, some systems may forgo direct engagement, focusing solely on patient data collection and analysis. Given the benefits of active patient, caregiver and community participation in health systems on patient health outcomes, systems have begun identifying different approaches to studying and applying findings of patient, caregiver and community informed care initiatives in a rapid and consistent fashion. The learning health system (LHS) is one approach that can foster deeper and continuous engagement of these groups in health systems change. This approach embeds research into health systems, continuously learning from data and translating findings into healthcare practices in real time. Here, ongoing patient, caregiver and community involvement is considered vital for a well functioning LHS. Despite their importance, great variability exists as to what their involvement means in practice. This commentary examines the current state of patient, caregiver and community participation in the LHS. In particular, gaps in and need for resources to support their knowledge of the LHS are discussed. We conclude by recommending several factors health systems must consider in order to increase participation in their LHS. Systems must: (1) assess patients’, caregivers and community understanding of how their feedback are used in the LHS and how collected data are used to inform patient care; (2) review the level and extent of these groups’ participation in health system improvement activities; and (3) examine whether health systems have the workforce, capacity and infrastructure to nurture continuous and impactful engagement.
GHGs emission reductions and economic saving by enhancing switching to natural gas vehicles in Egypt
Authors: Shaarawi Sayed I. , Abutaleb Khaled , Aboelmagd Ashraf R. , Temraz Tarek 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Transportation and Climate change are inextricably linked. As the transport sector is the primary consumer of petroleum products and therefore, contributes a significant share of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mobile sources share ranges between 25 and 30% of total Egypt’s GHG emissions. So, Egypt is giving a great concern for natural gas vehicles (NGVs) as low-carbon alternative to gasoline/diesel vehicles. This study aims to analyze the economic and the environmental impact of the NGV fleet growth in Egypt with future prospective scenarios, concurrently with governmental strategy based on expansion of compressed natural gas fueling stations infrastructure and incentives for NGV transformation.

Results
Egypt’s NGV program led to about 5 Mt CO2 emissions reductions and about 21.57 billion EGP (US$1.4 billion) economic saving since starting up to end of 2021. And implementing of presidential initiative in 2021 to accelerate NGVs led to jumping in CO2 emissions reductions and economic saving by about 40% and 49% of pervious year, respectively.

Conclusions
It is observed that scenario no. 1, of NGV adopting percent 15%, is the most fitted business as usual scenario to the presidential initiative and will lead to emissions reduction by about 30 Mt CO2 and economic saving by about 278 billion EGP (US$17.6 billion).
Tannin characterization and sourcing in historical leathers through FTIR spectroscopy and PCA analysis
Authors: Koochakzaei Alireza , Sabaghian Mohammadamin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to identify and classify the type of plants used for tanning historical leathers using cost-effective Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The investigation was carried out on five plants (oak bark, sumac, valonia, tara, and gallnut) and four historical leather samples from book bindings dating back to the Qajar period. Tannin extraction from both plants and leathers was performed using acetone–water solvent, and the samples were then subjected to FTIR spectroscopy. Pre-processing of the spectra included baseline correction, smoothing, and normalization. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the source of tannins based on FTIR results. FTIR was found to provide a good separation of condensed tannins from hydrolysable ones. However, PCA analysis allowed for the separation and identification of the type of plant used for tannin extraction. The examination of historical leather samples revealed that the primary classification based on the type of tannin is possible, but accurate identification faces challenges due to structural changes and degradation over time.
Graphical abstract
Observer agreement in single computerized tomography use for diagnosing paediatric head and neck malignancies at Uganda Cancer Institute
Authors: Mugisha Alex Mwesigwa , Muyinda Zeridah , Kambugu Joyce Balagadde , Apolot Denise , Atugonza Elizabeth , Teu Anneth , Mubuuke Aloysius Gonzaga 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
In the Ugandan setting, investigation for PHNM with CT uses a protocol with both unenhanced and contrast enhanced procedures hence doubling the ionizing radiation exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of single CT procedures in diagnosing PHNM.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study using CT images from patients, aged fifteen years and below, investigated for head and neck malignancies at the Uganda Cancer Institute. Three radiologists, observers A, B and C, with 12, 5 and 2 years of experience, respectively, participated in the study. They independently reported contrast enhanced images (protocol A), unenhanced images (protocol B), then both unenhanced and contrast enhanced images (protocol C) in 2 months intervals. Inter- and intra- observer agreement was determined using Gwen’s Agreement coefficient.

Results
Seventy-three CT scans of 36 boys and 37 girls, with a median age of 9 (3–13) years, were used. Intra-and inter-observer agreement on primary tumour location ranged from substantial to almost perfect with the highest intra-observer agreement observed when protocols A and C were compared. Inter-observer agreement for tumour calcifications was substantial for protocol A. Observers A and C demonstrated an almost perfect intra-observer agreement when protocols A and C were compared. There was a substantial inter-observer agreement on diagnosis for all protocols.

Conclusions
In our setting and examining a limited number of CT images, we demonstrated that contrast-enhanced CT scans provide sufficient information with no evidence of additional value of unenhanced images. Using contrast-enhanced images alone reduced the radiation exposure significantly.
Awareness of gestational diabetes problem among Sohag Governorate women
Authors: Saad Hamdy , Aziz Adel Abdel , Emad Eslam , Gaber Mahmoud 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most frequent and prevalent medical condition in pregnancy. Well-controlled GDM results in reduction of these unfavorable outcomes.

Aim
To assess women’s knowledge of many elements of gestational diabetes mellitus, including general awareness of the condition, risk factors, diabetic patients’ diets, and consequences among the women in the governorate of Sohag.

Patients and methods
In this research, 500 women were chosen at random from a population, over a period of 6 months, to participate in a descriptive survey utilizing a questionnaire approach in Sohag Governorate.

Results
The mean total knowledge score was 9.62 ± 4.24. A total of 69.6% of study participants showed good knowledge (≥ 9), while 30.4% of them showed low knowledge about gestational diabetes. There was significant positive relation between degree of knowledge and family history of diabetes (p = 0.038) as there was substantial increase of high knowledge score in cases who had positive history of family history of diabetes.

Conclusion
Awareness about gestational diabetes mellitus was satisfactory among women in Sohag Governorate. Other’s experiences or advices were the most common source of general knowledge. There was significant proportional relationship between degree of awareness and occupation, higher age, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, and level of education. Healthcare workers have to play a greater role in awareness about GDM among women.

Trial registration
Awareness of gestational diabetes problem among Sohag Governorate women, NCT05148897. Registered 10 November 2021, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/LoginUser?ts=2&cx=-jg9qo3.
A study of the association between Galectin-9 gene (LGALS9) polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis in Egyptian patients
Authors: Ameen Seham Gouda , Zidan Magda Abd el-Aziz , Amer Arwa S. , Elshahat Nessma Fathy , Elhalim Walid Abd Ellatif Abd 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an incessant synovial inflammation of an autoimmune origin, destroying articular cartilages and bones. Galectins are an evolutionarily conserved family of immune-modulatory animal lectins detected in a number of immune cells like T cells, fibroblasts and macrophages. Galectin 9 (Gal-9) has been the subject of many studies for being linked to regulation of both innate and adaptive immune reactions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the link between the Galectin-9 gene (LGALS9) polymorphisms and the susceptibility of RA in Egyptian patients, as well as, detection of the serum level of Gal-9 in RA and its association with LGALS9 polymorphisms, the activity of RA and radiological damage.

Methods
A study of 85 participants; group (I): 60 RA cases and group (II): 25 apparently healthy subjects. RA Disease activity index (DAS-28) and Larsen index score were assessed. LGALS9 gene and serum Gal-9 were investigated.

Results
rs4239242 TT genotype and T allele occurred more frequently in RA cases than controls with a significant difference (P = 0.006; P < 0.001 respectively). Gal-9 level was significantly higher among RA cases than control group (P = 0.017). The Gal-9 level showed negative significant correlations with DAS-28 and Larsen score (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
RA is strongly linked to genetic alterations in the LGALS9 gene and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4239242 TT genotype in the Egyptian population. RA cases in remission or those with low disease activity had higher levels of serum Gal-9 in comparison to cases with moderate and high disease activity and this would be promising in the future of RA treatment.
Nociception Effect on Frontal Electroencephalogram Waveform and Phase-Amplitude Coupling in Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Wang Tzu Chun , Li Wei Yi , Lai Jerry Cheng-Yen , Kuo Terry B. J. , Yang Cheryl C. H. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Electroencephalographic pattern changes during anesthesia reflect the nociception-analgesia balance. Alpha dropout, delta arousal, and beta arousal with noxious stimulation have been described during anesthesia; however, data on the reaction of other electroencephalogram signatures toward nociception are scarce. Analyzing the effects of nociception on different electroencephalogram signatures may help us find new nociception markers in anesthesia and understand the neurophysiology of pain in the brain. This study aimed to analyze the electroencephalographic frequency pattern and phase-amplitude coupling change during laparoscopic surgeries.

METHODS:
This study evaluated 34 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery. The electroencephalogram frequency band power and phase-amplitude coupling of different frequencies were analyzed across 3 stages of laparoscopy: incision, insufflation, and opioid stages. Repeated-measures analysis of variance with a mixed model and the Bonferroni method for multiple comparisons were used to analyze the changes in the electroencephalogram signatures between the preincision and postincision/postinsufflation/postopioid phases.

RESULTS:
During noxious stimulation, the frequency spectrum showed obvious decreases in the alpha power percentage after the incision (mean ± standard error of the mean [SEM], 26.27 ± 0.44 and 24.37 ± 0.66; P < .001) and insufflation stages (26.27 ± 0.44 and 24.40 ± 0.68; P = .002), which recovered after opioid administration. Further phase-amplitude analyses showed that the modulation index (MI) of the delta-alpha coupling decreased after the incision stage (1.83 ± 0.22 and 0.98 ± 0.14 [MI × 103]; P < .001), continued to be suppressed during the insufflation stage (1.83 ± 0.22 and 1.17 ± 0.15 [MI × 103]; P = .044), and recovered after opioid administration.

CONCLUSIONS:
Alpha dropout during noxious stimulation is observed in laparoscopic surgeries under sevoflurane. In addition, the modulation index of delta-alpha coupling decreases during noxious stimulation and recovers after the administration of rescue opioids. Phase-amplitude coupling of the electroencephalogram may be a new approach for evaluating the nociception-analgesia balance during anesthesia.
Secondary traumatic stress and death anxiety in healthcare professionals: Moderating role of social support
Authors: Qayyum Shazia , Tahir Ayesha , Younas Faiz 
Published: July 2023

Background & Objective: It’s hard to deny the buffering impact of social support as it provides much-needed assistance to counter untoward circumstances that individuals face in their daily life. By focusing on the moderating role of social support, the present investigation studied the relationship between secondary traumatic stress and death anxiety that healthcare professionals encounter in their regular work life.
Method: Through a cross-sectional correlational design, 200 participants were included from various hospitals in Lahore (from June-August, 2022) by employing a non-probability purposive sampling technique. They provided basic sociodemographic information along with their responses on self-reported questionnaires for the current investigation.
Results: Results were analyzed through SPSS 21 which indicated that secondary traumatic stress had a positive association with death anxiety, unlike social support which had a negative relationship with death anxiety. Findings also revealed social support as a significant moderator for secondary traumatic stress and death anxiety.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that increased social support could benefit healthcare professionals as it weakened the association between secondary traumatic stress and death anxiety. Other than academia and research, these findings have implications across a variety of professional settings including physical and mental healthcare professionals who can benefit from these indigenous findings.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7254
How to cite this: Qayyum S, Tahir A, Younas F. Secondary traumatic stress and death anxiety in healthcare professionals: Moderating role of social support. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7254
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Reimaging study in the management of blunt abdominal trauma in children: a low income country single center experience
Authors: Ben Youssef Sabrine , Mesaoud Marwa , Ben fredj Myriam , Boukhrissa Nouha , Abdelaaly Mabrouk , ben Mansour Maha , Mosbahi Sana , Sfar Sami , Chakroun Sawsen , Ksia Amine , Sahnoun Lassaad , Mekki Mongi , Zrig Ahmed , Belghith Mohsen 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The abdomen is the most prevalent site of primarily unidentified fatal injury after blunt trauma, and represents the third major affected part. However, follow-up strategies of intra-abdominal injuries remain controversial. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of children with blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) and who presented radiographic amendments in re-imaging studies and predict factors that could identify patients group requiring control in this population. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of pediatric surgery and the intensive care unit of Monastir involving all patients under the age of 14 years old who were admitted for blunt abdominal trauma between January 2010 and December 2021.An analysis of epidemiological, clinical, radiological and therapeutic management characteristics were performed. Results: A total of 151 patients were included in this study with a mean age of six years. The sex ratio (m/f) was 2.7. Most trauma circumstances were related to road accidents (43.7%) and falls (32.4%). The liver, the spleen, and the kidneys were the most frequently affected organs. A combination of intra-abdominal lesions was recorded in 32 cases. 84% of the cases (110/131) of the reimaged patients had no complications, compared to 16% (21/131) who developed intra-abdominal complications. The complicated reimaging findings were significantly associated with high grade hepatic and renal injuries (p=0.019 and 0.002, respectively), and patient symptom persistence or development (p=0.001). Conclusion: It is safe to avoid performing reimaging studies if clinical progression remains uneventful in children with low-grade hepatic, splenic, and renal lesions. However, the clinical assessment is the most crucial consideration during BAT management in children.
Symptoms trend and challenges in dental practice during delta variance COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: Google Trends Analysis
Authors: Hasan Faizul , Mayasari Noor Rohmah , Salamanca Eisner , Dorj Odontuya , Satria Rahmat Dani , Latief Kamaluddin , Sujarwadi Mokh. , Budi Hendrik Setia 
Published: July 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has grown to be a serious issue on a global scale. Dental care is one of the industries affected by COVID-19. The surveillance utilizing lifetime data, however, is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to use Google Trends (GT) analysis to examine symptom trends and challenges during the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. Methods: Covid-19 cases retrieve from Our World in Data. The cases were collected between 1 April 2021-30 September 2021. The GT was used to discover Indonesian relative search volume (RSVs) covering the timeframe of the first outbreak covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia on 1 March 2020 until 13 February 2022. The duration of the search was chosen to reflect the relative popularity of the keywords "symptoms and dentistry practice challenge-related terms" and "coronavirus". Results: We observed that there was a significant and positive correlation between the COVID-19 daily case using GT RSV data and the COVID-19 case from Our World in Data. The COVID-19 daily case had a strong correlation with search terms related to symptoms (such as fever, sore throat, flu, toothache, and cough), drugs (such as ibuprofen, paracetamol, demacolin, bodrex, and antibiotic), and health management (such as self-isolation and telemedicine). Conclusion: Using GT may be helpful to observe the current symptoms trends as well as its challenge tendencies as a surveillance tool for a continuing pandemic like COVID-19. GT should be considered and used as it has the potential to be a powerful digital epidemiology tool that can provide more insight into disease dynamics.
Association between physical activity and mental wellbeing amongst adults in the urban area of the Wardha District – A study protocol
Authors: Shukla Apoorva , Choudhari Sonali 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Severe mental illness is a pressing social issue that needs to be immediately addressed in India and globally. Unfortunately, the mental health of many adults in India and other countries has been declining. Fortunately, physical activity has proven to be an effective way to address this issue and provides many beneficial effects. Thus, mental wellbeing stipulates how the person feels when all the associated elements are considered. Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between physical activity and adult mental health. Methods: This study will be conducted online using cross-sectional methods. Data will be collected using four validated questionnaires, the Short‑form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) version 2.0, the Warwick‑Edinburg Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), the Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), all in English. Study implications: The motive of this study is to explore any connections that might lie between physical activity and emotional health. The study will specifically focus on the intensity by which physical activity is done, ranging from lower to higher, and how it affects mental illness symptoms and general mental health.