bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthesis and leaf structure of F1 hybrids between Cymbidium ensifolium (C3) and C. bicolor subsp. pubescens (CAM)
Authors: Yamaga-Hatakeyama Yoko , Okutani Masamitsu , Hatakeyama Yuto , Yabiku Takayuki , Yukawa Tomohisa , Ueno Osamu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background and aims
The introduction of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) into C3 crops has been considered as a means of improving water-use efficiency. In this study, we investigated photosynthetic and leaf structural traits in F1 hybrids between Cymbidium ensifolium (female C3 parent) and C. bicolor subsp. pubescens (male CAM parent) of the Orchidaceae.

Methods
Seven F1 hybrids produced through artificial pollination and in vitro culture were grown in a greenhouse with the parent plants. Structural, biochemical and physiological traits involved in CAM in their leaves were investigated.

Key results
Cymbidium ensifolium accumulated very low levels of malate without diel fluctuation, whereas C. bicolor subsp. pubescens showed nocturnal accumulation and diurnal consumption of malate. The F1s also accumulated malate at night, but much less than C. bicolor subsp. pubescens. This feature was consistent with low nocturnal fixation of atmospheric CO2 in the F1s. The δ13C values of the F1s were intermediate between those of the parents. Leaf thickness was thicker in C. bicolor subsp. pubescens than in C. ensifolium, and those of the F1s were more similar to that of C. ensifolium. This was due to the difference in mesophyll cell size. The chloroplast coverage of mesophyll cell perimeter adjacent to intercellular air spaces of C. bicolor subsp. pubescens was lower than that of C. ensifolium, and that of the F1s was intermediate between them. Interestingly, one F1 had structural and physiological traits more similar to those of C. bicolor subsp. pubescens than the other F1s. Nevertheless, all F1s contained intermediate levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase but as much pyruvate, Pi dikinase as C. bicolor subsp. pubescens.

Conclusions
CAM traits were intricately inherited in the F1 hybrids, the level of CAM expression varied widely among F1 plants, and the CAM traits examined were not necessarily co-ordinately transmitted to the F1s.
Fluid Balance After Tumescent Infiltration: A Practical Guideline to Avoid Dilution Anemia in Circumferential Liposuction Based on a Prospective Single-Center Study
Authors: Aslani Alexander , Waked Karl , Kuenlen Anian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircumferential liposuction may cause dilution anemia due to a high volume of infiltrated tumescent. Studies analyzing the percentage of absorbed tumescent and the safe limit of tumescent infiltration are currently lacking.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to calculate the average volume uptake of administered fluids in power-assisted liposuction, and to calculate a practical formula to determine the amount of fluid that can safely be administered without inducing symptomatic dilution anemia or hypervolemia.MethodsPatients undergoing circumferential liposuction with power-assisted tumescent infiltration were included in a prospective clinical study. All relevant administered and excreted volumes during and after the operation were collected. Preoperative vs postoperative hemogram results were compared and the hemodynamic parameters were followed for 24 hours. The average volume uptake was calculated based on the measured volumes, and on the ratio between administered volumes and the patient's blood volume.ResultsThirty patients were included during September 2021. The average volume uptake was 58% for a calculated 1.11:1 infiltration to aspiration ratio. There was a mean drop of 1.9 g/dL and 4.6% for the postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit, respectively, with a stable red blood cell level. All patients remained hemodynamically stable without the need for blood transfusion or prolonged oxygen administration. The average tumescent vs blood volume ratio was 85.0%.ConclusionsIn circumferential liposuction with power-assisted infiltration, the infiltrated tumescent volume should remain below 85% of the patient's blood volume to minimize the risk of symptomatic dilution anemia or hypervolemia.Level of Evidence: 4
Comparing the roles of climate, predation and phylogeography in driving wing colour variation in Ranchman’s tiger moth (Arctia virginalis)
Authors: Pepi Adam , Hemstrom William , Dang Audrey , Beck Claire , Beyerle Fiona 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In Lepidoptera, as an explanation for darker phenotypes occurring in colder areas, wing melanism has been proposed to increase solar thermal gain. Alternatively, trade-offs with aposematic signalling and ultraviolet protection have been proposed as explanations for variation in melanism. To investigate the roles of temperature, humidity, solar radiation and predation in driving melanism in the Ranchman’s tiger moth (Arctia virginalis), we characterized wing melanism in 23 populations across the range. We also conducted predation experiments using artificial moths and carried out genetic analyses to examine population structure and to test whether wing coloration was hereditary. We found that wing melanism was positively associated with mean temperature during the flight season, which was the best predictor of melanism rates. Wing melanism also exhibited a negative association with humidity and a weak positive association with insolation. We also found two loci weakly associated with wing melanism and showed that melanism is likely to be highly hereditary but not closely associated with population differentiation. Our results contrast with previous findings that melanism is associated with colder conditions and higher predation risk and suggest that humidity and protection against ultraviolet radiation are potential drivers of variation in wing melanism that have been overlooked.
Clinical consequences of nonadherence to Barrett’s esophagus surveillance recommendations: a Multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Roumans Carlijn A M , van der Bogt Ruben D , Nieboer Daan , Steyerberg Ewout W , Rizopoulos Dimitris , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris , Biermann Katharina , Bruno Marco J , Spaander Manon C W 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Half of Barrett’s esophagus (BE) surveillance endoscopies do not adhere to guideline recommendations. In this multicenter prospective cohort study, we assessed the clinical consequences of nonadherence to recommended surveillance intervals and biopsy protocol. Data from BE surveillance patients were collected from endoscopy and pathology reports; questionnaires were distributed among endoscopists. We estimated the association between (non)adherence and (i) endoscopic curability of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), (ii) mortality, and (iii) misclassification of histological diagnosis according to a multistate hidden Markov model. Potential explanatory parameters (patient, facility, endoscopist variables) for nonadherence, related to clinical impact, were analyzed. In 726 BE patients, 3802 endoscopies were performed by 167 endoscopists. Adherence to surveillance interval was 16% for non-dysplastic (ND)BE, 55% for low-grade dysplasia (LGD), and 54% of endoscopies followed the Seattle protocol. There was no evidence to support the following statements: longer surveillance intervals or fewer biopsies than recommended affect endoscopic curability of EAC or cause-specific mortality (P &gt; 0.20); insufficient biopsies affect the probability of NDBE (OR 1.0) or LGD (OR 2.3) being misclassified as high-grade dysplasia/EAC (P &gt; 0.05). Better adherence was associated with older patients (OR 1.1), BE segments ≤ 2 cm (OR 8.3), visible abnormalities (OR 1.8, all P ≤ 0.05), endoscopists with a subspecialty (OR 3.2), and endoscopists who deemed histological diagnosis an adequate marker (OR 2.0). Clinical consequences of nonadherence to guidelines appeared to be limited with respect to endoscopic curability of EAC and mortality. This indicates that BE surveillance recommendations should be optimized to minimize the burden of endoscopies.
Muscle Health Patterns and Brain MRI Indices: A Cluster Analysis
Authors: Wu Shou-En , Chen Wei-Liang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe interplay between muscle and brain lacks a holistic approach to assess the combined effect of multiple factors. This study utilizes clustering analysis to identify muscle health patterns and their relationships with various brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices.Research Design and MethodsTwo hundred and seventy-five cognitively intact participants who completed brain MRI from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study were enrolled. Muscle health-related markers that showed significant relationship with total gray matter volume entered the cluster analysis. Subsequently, macrostructural and microstructural MRI indices were examined with analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis to determine significant associations with muscle health clusters. The muscle health cluster included 6 variables: age, skeletal muscle mass index, gait speed, handgrip strength, change of total body fat, and serum leptin level. Clustering method produced 3 clusters which had characteristics of obese, leptin-resistant, and sarcopenia, respectively.ResultsBrain MRI indices that revealed significant associations with the clusters included gray matter volume (GMV) in cerebellum (p &lt; .001), superior frontal gyrus (p = .019), inferior frontal gyrus (p = .003), posterior cingulum (p = .021), vermis (p = .045), and gray matter density (GMD) in gyrus rectus (p &lt; .001) and temporal pole (p &lt; .001). The leptin-resistant group had most degree of reduction in GMV, whereas the sarcopenia group had most degree of reduction in GMD.Discussion and ImplicationsThe leptin-resistant and sarcopenia populations had higher risk of neuroimaging alterations. Clinicians should raise awareness on the brain MRI findings in clinical settings. Because these patients mostly had central nervous system conditions or other critical illnesses, the risk of sarcopenia as a comorbidity will substantially affect the prognosis and medical care.
Understanding water conservation vs. profligation traits in vegetable legumes through a physio-transcriptomic-functional approach
Authors: Fang Pingping , Sun Ting , Pandey Arun Kumar , Jiang Libo , Wu Xinyang , Hu Yannan , Cheng Shiping , Li Mingxuan , Xu Pei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVegetable soybean and cowpea are related warm-season legumes showing contrasting leaf water use behaviors under similar root drought stresses, whose mechanisms are not well understood. Here we conducted an integrative phenomic-transcriptomic study on the two crops grown in a feedback irrigation system that enabled precise control of soil water contents. Continuous transpiration rate monitoring demonstrated that cowpea used water more conservatively under earlier soil drought stages, but tended to maintain higher transpiration under prolonged drought. Interestingly, we observed a soybean-specific transpiration rate increase accompanied by phase shift under moderate soil drought. Time-series transcriptomic analysis suggested a dehydration avoidance mechanism of cowpea at early soil drought stage, in which the VuHAI3 and VuTIP2;3 genes were suggested to be involved. Multifactorial gene clustering analysis revealed different responsiveness of genes to drought, time of day and their interactions between the two crops, which involved species-dependent regulation of the circadian clock genes. Gene network analysis identified two co-expression modules each associated with transpiration rate in cowpea and soybean, including a pair of negatively correlated modules between species. Module hub genes, including the ABA-degrading gene GmCYP707A4 and the trehalose-phosphatase/synthase gene VuTPS9 were identified. Inter-modular network analysis revealed putative co-players of the hub genes. Transgenic analyses verified the role of VuTPS9 in regulating transpiration rate under osmotic stresses. These findings propose that species-specific transcriptomic reprograming in leaves of the two crops suffering similar soil drought was not only a result of the different drought resistance level, but a cause of it.
The impact of COVID-19 on multidrug-resistant organisms causing healthcare-associated infections: a narrative review
Authors: Witt Lucy S , Howard-Anderson Jessica R , Jacob Jesse T , Gottlieb Lindsey B 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) changed healthcare across the world. With this change came an increase in healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and a concerning concurrent proliferation of MDR organisms (MDROs). In this narrative review, we describe the impact of COVID-19 on HAIs and MDROs, describe potential causes of these changes, and discuss future directions to combat the observed rise in rates of HAIs and MDRO infections.
Real-life temocillin use in Greater Paris area, effectiveness and risk factors for failure in infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacterales: a multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Dinh Aurélien , Duran Clara , Singh Simrandeep , Tesmoingt Chloé , Bouabdallah Laura , Hamon Antoine , Antignac Marie , Ourghanlian Clément , Loustalot Marie-Caroline , Pain Jean Baptiste , Wyplosz Benjamin , Junot Helga , Bleibtreu Alexandre , Michelon Hugues ,   The Temocillin Greater Paris Study Group, Dinh Aurélien , Duran Clara , Michelon Hugues , Batista Rui , Singh Simrandeep , Deconinck Laurène , Tesmoingt Chloé , Bouadballah Laura , Lafaurie Matthieu , Touratier Sophie , de Lastours Victoire , Hamon Antoine , Antignac Marie , Pacanowski Jérôme , Ourghanlian Clément , Lepeule Raphaël , Lebeaux David , Loustalot Marie-Caroline , Calin Ruxandra , Pain Jean Baptiste , Wyplosz Benjamin , Bleibtreu Alexandre , Junot Helga 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Temocillin is a β-lactam that is not hydrolysed by ESBLs

Objectives
To describe the real-life use of temocillin, to assess its effectiveness in infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, and to identify risk factors for treatment failure.

Methods
Retrospective multicentric study in eight tertiary care hospitals in the Greater Paris area, including patients who received at least one dose of temocillin for ESBL infections from 1 January to 31 December 2018. Failure was a composite criterion defined within 28 day follow-up by persistence or reappearance of signs of infection, and/or switch to suppressive antibiotic treatment and/or death from infection. A logistic regression with univariable and multivariable analysis was performed to identify risks associated with failure.

Results
Data on 130 infection episodes were collected; 113 were due to ESBL-producing Enterobacterales. Mean age was 65.2 ± 15.7 years and 68.1% patients were male. Indications were mostly urinary tract infections (UTIs) (85.8%), bloodstream infections (11.5%), respiratory tract infections (RTIs) (3.5%) and intra-abdominal infections (3.5%). Bacteria involved were Escherichia coli (49.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (44.2%) and Enterobacter cloacae (8.8%). Polymicrobial infections occurred in 23.0% of cases. Temocillin was mostly used in monotherapy (102/113, 90.3%). Failure was found in 13.3% of cases. Risk factors for failure in multivariable analysis were: RTI (aOR 23.3, 95% CI 1.5–358.2) and neurological disease (aOR 5.3, 95% CI 1.5–18.6).

Conclusions
The main use of temocillin was UTI due to ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, with a favourable clinical outcome. The main risk factor for failure was neurological disease.
A cross-sectional study of hospital antimicrobial stewardship programmes in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Leung Valerie , Quirk Jacquelyn , Muir Sarah , Daneman Nick , Schwartz Kevin L , Langford Bradley J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to be a global public health issue amid the COVID-19 pandemic; however, unprecedented demands on hospital antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) potentially altered their core activities.

Objective
We sought to understand how ASPs have been involved in and impacted by the pandemic.

Methods
The 2021 Ontario ASP Landscape Survey was developed based on previous provincial questionnaires and emerging literature on the impact of COVID-19 on hospital ASPs. After pre-testing and piloting, the online questionnaire was distributed to hospital antimicrobial stewardship practitioners in the fall of 2021. Descriptive statistics and inductive thematic analysis were performed.

Results
The response rate was 78% (98/125 organizations); 96% (94/98) of organizations had or were in the process of formalizing an ASP and 53% (50/94) reported designated funding/resources. Despite 82% reporting no change in dedicated full-time equivalents during the pandemic, ASPs were frequently involved in developing treatment guidelines/clinical pathways (51%), anticipating/managing drug shortages (46%) and obtaining investigational use drugs (32%). While many core ASP activities continued, prospective audit and feedback and prescriber education were modified or suspended by 43% and 40% of programmes, respectively. Decreased frequency, adaptation of activities (i.e. virtual or other technology) and challenges with staffing/resources were commonly reported themes. Knowledge translation (KT) activities and ‘collaboration and coordination’ also emerged as salient themes.

Conclusions
Hospital antimicrobial stewardship practitioners in Ontario have made significant contributions to the pandemic response while continuing to deliver adapted ASP services, despite resource constraints. Moving forward, ASPs will need to continue building capacity while leveraging broader networks to advance the antimicrobial stewardship agenda.
Validation of the QLQ-CAX24 instrument in cervical cancer and its association with cachexia classifications
Authors: Luvián-Morales Julissa , Castillo-Aguilar Jessica , Delgadillo-González Merari , Cisneros-Sánchez Amairani , Bosch-Gutiérrez Julene , Castro-Eguiluz Denisse , Cetina-Pérez Lucely , Oñate-Ocaña Luis F 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer-related cachexia (CRC) is a common phenomenon in cervical cancer (CC), severely affecting clinical response, drug toxicity and survival. The patients’ point of view should be evaluated to quantify the impact of CRC, and adequate instruments to do so are required. Thus, the study aimed to validate the Mexican-Spanish version of the QLQ-CAX24 instrument in women with CC.A cohort of women with CC answered the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CAX24 instruments. The psychometric and clinimetric properties of the instruments were assessed.Two hundred and forty-four women were included; the mean age was 50 years (IQR: 41–60) and 188 (77%) were first diagnosed in locally advanced stages. The QLQ-CAX24 internal consistency test demonstrated adequate convergent (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.08–0.709) and divergent validity (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.006–0.471). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the three multi-item scales were &gt;0.5 (minimum 0.539, maximum 0.84). Patients with decreased handgrip strength, low fat-free mass, or high C-reactive protein levels had worse QLQ-CAX24 scale scores. Cachexia was diagnosed with the SCRINIO, Fearon and Evans criteria, and 31.5, 32.4 and 38.5% of women had cachexia, respectively. Patients with cachexia had the worst scores in terms of quality of life. The test re-test analysis did not show differences between visits in patients without malnutrition.The Mexican-Spanish version of the QLQ-CAX24 instrument is reliable and valid. Low handgrip strength, low fat-free mass and high C-reactive protein levels were associated with poor scale scores.
Active surveillance in younger patients with prostate cancer: clinical characteristics including longitudinal patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Tohi Yoichiro , Kato Takuma , Matsuda Iori , Honda Tomoko , Osaki Yu , Naito Hirohito , Matsuoka Yuki , Okazoe Homare , Taoka Rikiya , Ueda Nobufumi , Sugimoto Mikio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivethis study aimed to evaluate the active surveillance continuation period, treatment intervention rate and health-related quality of life in younger patients.Methodswe prospectively conducted a health-related quality of life survey of patients enrolled in the Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance-JAPAN study at Kagawa University between January 2010 and December 2020. Health-related quality of life was assessed by mail using a validated Japanese version of the Short-Form 8 Health Survey and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index at active surveillance enrolment and annually thereafter until discontinuation of active surveillance. We divided the patients into two groups, younger (aged &lt;65 years) and older (aged ≥65 years), and compared the two groups.Resultsof the 84 patients, 22 were in the younger group. The active surveillance continuation period was shorter in the younger group than in the older group. The 3-year treatment intervention rate was higher in the younger group than in the older group. The majority of the reasons for definitive treatment were related to the protocol, which was similar in both groups (80 versus 76%). The sexual summary scores at active surveillance enrolment were higher in the younger group than in the older group. During active surveillance, the younger group and the older group showed no deterioration in all health-related quality of life scores compared with the scores at the enrolment of active surveillance.Conclusionspatient-reported health-related quality of life survey indicated that the health-related quality of life of younger Japanese patients was maintained over time during active surveillance, similar to that of older patients.
A case report of bladder leiomyoma: an unusual bladder tumour
Authors: Stanescu Andi , Smith Stephanie F , Ball Richard , Reddy Utsav , Tsiotras Alexios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Leiomyomas are benign mesenchymal tumours that rarely arise in the bladder. We present a case of a 53-year-old female who was incidentally diagnosed with a bladder leiomyoma identified on CT imaging performed for investigation of a urachal remnant. We discuss the investigation and management of this lesion in the context of modern urology practice. An awareness of this unusual tumour is important for urologists, who may encounter similar cases in their general urology practice.
Cutaneous presentation of metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Abdelaziz Mohammed , Thorley Daniel , Ahmed Waseem 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer typically presents with a cholestatic picture of jaundice, bloating and bowel changes, secondary to the obstruction of the biliary system. In tail of pancreas metastases, this clinical presentation may be absent, meaning that the disease progression can be more insidious. Cutaneous spread in pancreatic malignancies is often iatrogenic due to direct spread from the tumour site during diagnostic sampling or surgery. Rarely, cutaneous spread can be noted at distant sites, which is associated with widespread disease dissemination and poor prognostic outcomes. Our case focusses on a patient who developed metastatic spread to the chin, as a first presentation, with no other significant associated symptoms identified.