bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic structure of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) populations in China and relationship with the knockdown resistance mutations
Authors: Shan Wenqi , Yuan Hao , Chen Hanming , Dong Haowei , Zhou Qiuming , Tao Feng , Bai Jie , Chen Huiying , Ma Yajun , Peng Heng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Mosquito control is needed to prevent dengue fever, which is mainly spread by Aedes albopictus in China. Application of insecticides is one of the main mosquito control methods; however, this approach can fail due to the knockdown resistance (kdr) gene mutation that causes decreased sensitivity to insecticides in Ae. albopictus. The kdr mutation patterns among different regions in China differ significantly. However, the underlying mechanism and factors that influence kdr mutation remain unclear. To explore the potential influence of genetic background on the development of insecticide resistance in Ae. albopictus, we analyzed the genetic structure of Ae. albopictus populations in China and its correlation with major kdr mutations.

Methods
We collected Ae. albopictus from 17 sites in 11 provinces (municipalities) across China from 2016 to 2021 and extracted the genomic DNA from individual adult mosquitoes. We selected eight microsatellite loci for genotyping, and based on microsatellite scores, we estimated intraspecific genetic diversity, population structure, and effective population size. The association between the intrapopulation genetic variation and F1534 mutation rate was evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results
Based on variation analysis of the microsatellite loci of 453 mosquitoes representing 17 populations throughout China, more than 90% of the variation occurred within individuals, whereas only about 9% of the variation occurred among populations, indicating that field populations of Ae. albopictus are highly polymorphic. The northern populations tended to belong to gene pool I (BJFT 60.4%, SXXA 58.4%, SDJN 56.1%, SXYC 46.8%), the eastern populations tended to belong to pool III (SH 49.5%, JZHZ 48.1%), and the southern populations tended to belong to three different gene pools. Moreover, we observed that the greater the fixation index (FST), the lower the wild-type frequency of F1534 of VSGC.

Conclusions
The degree of genetic differentiation among Ae. albopictus populations in China was low. These populations were divided into three gene pools, in which the northern and eastern pools are relatively homogeneous, while the southern gene pool is heterogeneous. The possible correlation between its genetic variations and kdr mutations is also noteworthy.

Graphical Abstract
Targeting serine-glycine-one-carbon metabolism as a vulnerability in cancers
Authors: Sun Wei , Liu Ruochen , Gao Xinyue , Lin Zini , Tang Hongao , Cui Hongjuan , Zhao Erhu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe serine-glycine-one-carbon (SGOC) metabolic pathway is critical for DNA methylation, histone methylation, and redox homeostasis, in addition to protein, lipid, and nucleotide biosynthesis. The SGOC pathway is a crucial metabolic network in tumorigenesis, wherein the outputs are required for cell survival and proliferation and are particularly likely to be co-opted by aggressive cancers. SGOC metabolism provides an integration point in cell metabolism and is of crucial clinical significance. The mechanism of how this network is regulated is the key to understanding tumor heterogeneity and overcoming the potential mechanism of tumor recurrence. Herein, we review the role of SGOC metabolism in cancer by focusing on key enzymes with tumor-promoting functions and important products with physiological significance in tumorigenesis. In addition, we introduce the ways in which cancer cells acquire and use one-carbon unit, and discuss the recently clarified role of SGOC metabolic enzymes in tumorigenesis and development, as well as their relationship with cancer immunotherapy and ferroptosis. The targeting of SGOC metabolism may be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve clinical outcomes in cancers.
Identical tau filaments in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Authors: Qi Chao , Hasegawa Masato , Takao Masaki , Sakai Motoko , Sasaki Mayasuki , Mizutani Masashi , Akagi Akio , Iwasaki Yasushi , Miyahara Hiroaki , Yoshida Mari , Scheres Sjors H. W. , Goedert Michel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSubacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) occurs in some individuals after measles infection, following a symptom-free period of several years. It resembles chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which happens after repetitive head impacts or exposure to blast waves, following a symptom-free period. As in CTE, the neurofibrillary changes of SSPE are concentrated in superficial cortical layers. Here we used electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) of tau filaments from two cases of SSPE to show that the tau folds of SSPE and CTE are identical. Two types of filaments were each made of two identical protofilaments with an extra density in the β-helix region. Like in CTE, the vast majority of tau filaments were Type I, with a minority of Type II filaments. These findings suggest that the CTE tau fold can be caused by different environmental insults, which may be linked by inflammatory changes.
Dynamic connectedness and network in the high moments of cryptocurrency, stock, and commodity markets
Authors: Hanif Waqas , Ko Hee-Un , Pham Linh , Kang Sang Hoon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examines the connectedness in high-order moments between cryptocurrency, major stock (U.S., U.K., Eurozone, and Japan), and commodity (gold and oil) markets. Using intraday data from 2020 to 2022 and the time and frequency connectedness models of Diebold and Yilmaz (Int J Forecast 28(1):57–66, 2012) and Baruník and Křehlík (J Financ Econom 16(2):271–296, 2018), we investigate spillovers among the markets in realized volatility, the jump component of realized volatility, realized skewness, and realized kurtosis. These higher-order moments allow us to identify the unique characteristics of financial returns, such as asymmetry and fat tails, thereby capturing various market risks such as downside risk and tail risk. Our results show that the cryptocurrency, stock, and commodity markets are highly connected in terms of volatility and in the jump component of volatility, while their connectedness in skewness and kurtosis is smaller. Moreover, jump and volatility connectedness are more persistent than that of skewness and kurtosis connectedness. Our rolling-window analysis of the connectedness models shows that connectedness varies over time across all moments, and tends to increase during periods of high uncertainty. Finally, we show the potential of gold and oil as hedging and safe-haven investments for other markets given that they are the least connected to other markets across all moments and investment horizons. Our findings provide useful information for designing effective portfolio management and cryptocurrency regulations.
Safety of equine tetanus antitoxin for prophylactic use in Ethiopia: a retrospective multi-center study
Authors: Joseph Michele , Woldeamanuel Yimtubeznash , Medhin Girmay , Manyazewal Tsegahun , Fekadu Abebaw , Makonnen Eyasu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Tetanus remains a severe life-threatening infectious disease and neurological disorder in many parts of the world, where immunization programs are suboptimal. Any human injury or trauma has the possibility of getting infected with Clostridium tetani which is the sole causative bacterium of tetanus. Evidence is available that TAT may cause anaphylaxis and late serum sickness, while there has been no study conducted in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Ministry of Health standard treatment guideline recommends tetanus prophylaxis for all tetanus-prone wounds. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of TAT administration in adults exposed to tetanus-prone wounds in Ethiopia.

Methods
The target product of this study was the equine tetanus antitoxin developed and manufactured by the ViNS Bioproducts Limited, India (Code: 130202084, A.W.No: 15/AAW/PI/02.00, DT: 25.04.2016). The product is delivered with the dose of 1000/1500 IU intramuscularly or subcutaneously to individuals at risk of tetanus infection for prophylactic purposes. The study was carried out in 11 healthcare facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, that had a relatively high clients load for tetanus-prone wounds. Medical records of patients with tetanus-prone wounds who received the equine TAT were reviewed retrospectively for any adverse events following immunization according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition for adverse events following immunization (AEFI).

Results
There were more than 20,000 patients treated for trauma in the facilities from 2015 to 2019. Upon revision of available registration books, we identified 6000 charts to be eligible for the study, of which 1213 charts that had complete and reliable data on the AEFI profile of the TAT were included in the final analysis. The median age of the study participants was 26 years (IQR = 11 years, age range: 18–91 years) and 78% (949) were male. The tetanus-prone wounds resulted mainly from stab (44%, 535) and blunt force (30%, 362), and the most common sites of wounds were hand (22%, 270) and head (21%, 253). The most and least frequently occurring types of wounds were open wounds (77%, 930) and organ system injury (0.003%, 4), respectively. The mean time of presenting at health facilities from the onset of trauma was 2.96 h. Of the total 1231 participants, one male participant who presented within 3 h after experiencing a wound on his nose at the workplace had a severe local reaction immediately after injection of the TAT. No AEFI was recorded for the other participants.

Conclusions
The adverse event following immunization of the equine tetanus antitoxin produced by the ViNS Bioproducts Limited was very rare. A regular review of the product’s safety performance and systematic collection and analysis of adverse event reports are important to ensure the safety of the product.
Semiautomated Pipeline to Quantify Tumor Evolution From Real-World Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging
Authors: Abler Daniel , Courlet Perrine , Dietz Matthieu , Gatta Roberto , Girard Pascal , Munafo Alain , Wicky Alexandre , Jreige Mario , Guidi Monia , Latifyan Sofiya , De Micheli Rita , Csajka Chantal , Prior John O. , Michielin Olivier , Terranova Nadia , Cuendet Michel A. 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE A semiautomated pipeline for the collection and curation of free-text and imaging real-world data (RWD) was developed to quantify cancer treatment outcomes in large-scale retrospective real-world studies. The objectives of this article are to illustrate the challenges of RWD extraction, to demonstrate approaches for quality assurance, and to showcase the potential of RWD for precision oncology. METHODS We collected data from patients with advanced melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors at the Lausanne University Hospital. Cohort selection relied on semantically annotated electronic health records and was validated using process mining. The selected imaging examinations were segmented using an automatic commercial software prototype. A postprocessing algorithm enabled longitudinal lesion identification across imaging time points and consensus malignancy status prediction. Resulting data quality was evaluated against expert-annotated ground-truth and clinical outcomes obtained from radiology reports. RESULTS The cohort included 108 patients with melanoma and 465 imaging examinations (median, 3; range, 1-15 per patient). Process mining was used to assess clinical data quality and revealed the diversity of care pathways encountered in a real-world setting. Longitudinal postprocessing greatly improved the consistency of image-derived data compared with single time point segmentation results (classification precision increased from 53% to 86%). Image-derived progression-free survival resulting from postprocessing was comparable with the manually curated clinical reference (median survival of 286 v 336 days, P = .89). CONCLUSION We presented a general pipeline for the collection and curation of text- and image-based RWD, together with specific strategies to improve reliability. We showed that the resulting disease progression measures match reference clinical assessments at the cohort level, indicating that this strategy has the potential to unlock large amounts of actionable retrospective real-world evidence from clinical records.
An Iodine Balance Study in Chinese School-age Children
Authors: Guo Wenxing , Yang Ying , Jiang Wen , Cheng Yuangui , Wu Wen , Pan Ziyun , Zhang Dingyan , Li Shaohan , Ren Zhiyuan , Zhang Naifan , Zhang Kexin , Pearce Elizabeth N , Chen Wen , Zhang Wanqi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
Few iodine balance studies have been conducted in school-age children.

Objective
This study aimed to conduct an iodine balance study in school-age children.

Methods
We measured daily iodine intake, excretion, and retention for 3 consecutive days without any dietary interventions in school-age children. Linear mixed-effects models were used to fit the relationship between total iodine intake and iodine retention.

Results
29 children aged 7-12 years (mean age 10.2 ± 1.4 years) with normal thyroid function and thyroid volume were recruited. The 0 balance value (iodine intake = iodine excretion, iodine retention = 0 μg/day) shifted with iodine intake in an iodine sufficient population. The 0 balance value for school-age children with an iodine intake of 235 (133, 401) μg/day is 164 μg/day. Children aged 7-12 years with iodine intake &gt;400 μg/day were almost all in a positive iodine state.

Conclusion
An iodine intake of 235 (133, 401) μg/day for children aged 7-10 years achieved a 0 balance value of 164 μg/day. Long-term iodine intake of &gt;400 μg/day is not recommended.
Protocol for a randomized study of the efficacy of ibandronic acid plus eldecalcitol in patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy: A comparative study of different routes of administration of ibandronic acid
Authors: Aiba Hisaki , Suzuki Nobuyuki , Sagawa Hiroyuki , Hashimoto Hiroya , Kimura Hiroaki , Inoue Jumpei , Usami Takuya , Goto Yuta , Mizuno Yuichiro , Okubo Tomotaka , Ito Sunao , Takiguchi Shuji , Murakami Hideki 
Published: May 2023

Background: Patients who undergo gastrectomy for gastric cancer are susceptible to osteoporosis. To prevent a decrease in bone mineral density, an appropriate prophylaxis is considered important to adjust the post-gastrectomy condition. In this study, we will compare two different routes of administration of ibandronic acid (oral or intravenous) plus eldecalcitol as a potentially more suitable treatment for patients at a high risk of fragile fracture. Protocol: This study protocol describes a randomized, active-controlled, non-blind, single-center, phase II trial. For patients in the investigational arm (Group A), sodium ibandronate hydrate will be administered intravenously once a month with daily oral intake of eldecalcitol; for those in the control arm (Group B), sodium ibandronate hydrate will be administered orally once a month with daily oral intake of eldecalcitol. We will recruit patients aged 45–85 years who have undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer and are at a risk of fragility fractures. The study will include patients with existing vertebral fractures and/or femoral proximal fractures, or with lumbar and/or proximal femur bone mineral density of less than 80% of the young adult mean. The primary outcome of this study will be the change in lumbar bone mineral density. We will also evaluate the changes in femur bone mineral density, bone metabolism markers, health-related quality of life as evaluated using the EuroQol 5 Dimension (EQ-5D), and digestive symptoms as evaluated using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale after 52 weeks of treatment. Conclusions: We believe that appropriate treatments that are adjusted to the condition of patients after gastrectomy are important for the prevention of bone mineral loss. Registration: This study was accepted by the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT1041200059, November 6, 2021).
If You Love Your Agents, Set Them Free: Task Discretion in Online Workplaces
Authors: Kostami Vasiliki 
Published: May 2023

In manufacturing and service operations, flexibility is beneficial for matching supply with demand, but it comes at a cost. In modern digital workplaces, agents have different skills associated with corresponding and variable task preferences. Some are inclined to give up part of their payment to avoid unfavorable matches, and the platform manager, in turn, gains extra freedom in allocating tasks by possibly charging servers for favorable assignments. Innovative marketplaces facilitate task discretion and seek novel and beneficial implementations in the platform design. This naturally leads to the problem of exploring and optimizing the task allocation process. We introduce an innovative mechanism for task assignment in the workplace and compare it to the traditional mechanism in which task routing is solely the platform’s decision. To improve the welfare of all users, agents are allowed some task discretion in exchange for a fee. In a multiserver system, a server may request flexibility and, considering the other agents’ behavior, choose the costly to the platform option, which may or may not be beneficial for the platform when the agents’ and the platform’s preferences are misaligned. We model different working environments and server preferences via different distributions and study how the agents’ preferences, task costs, and flexibility fee affect the equilibrium assignment. In every case, through pricing and offering flexibility, the platform can do at least as well as a scheme with no flexibility. An important conclusion is that pricing task discretion can often improve the agents’ welfare and the labor platform’s profit. This paper was accepted by Victor Martínez-de-Albéniz, operations management.
Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of a Non Contacting Elastohydrodynamic Sealing
Authors: Scherrer Matthias , Scheidl Rudolf 
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a novel elastohydrodynamic sealing concept for the contactless sealing of spool valves. The basic goal is that the spool and the sleeve can be manufactured with standard mechanical engineering precision. High initial gaps are compensated for the elastic deformation of an elastomer seal driven by a self-regulating hydrodynamic effect. The final gap reveals a small leakage within the range normal for precisely manufactured spool valves and also features a low friction since a direct, solid contact between the seal and the sleeve is prevented. This sought-after behavior in ideal conditions is compared with imperfect situations by means of a simulation study and experiments. The simulation uses a Finite Element model which takes the seal‘s elastic deformation, the mechanical contact, the sealing gap pressure and the surface roughness into account. A simple prototype of the sealing system was produced to test its functionality in real conditions. Leakages of QLeak <= 18 ml/min @180 bar were recorded. However, an unexpectedly high friction occurred indicating an actual contact between the seal and the sleeve. The component roughness was identified as the cause of this behavior.
The combined effect of gaze stability and balance exercises using telerehabilitation in individuals with vestibular disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: A pilot study
Authors: Aldawsary Nada , Almarwani Maha 
Published: May 2023

Background
Vestibular rehabilitation is recognized as the most effective intervention to relieve symptoms of dizziness and imbalance related to vestibular disorders.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the combined effect of gaze stability and balance exercises using telerehabilitation in individuals with vestibular disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This pilot study was a quasi-experimental, single-group design pre- to post-telerehabilitation intervention. Individuals with vestibular disorders between the ages of 25–60 participated in this study (n = 10). Participants underwent four weeks of combined gaze stability and balance exercises using telerehabilitation at their homes. The Arabic version of the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale (A-ABC), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Arabic version of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (A-DHI) were assessed pre- and post-vestibular telerehabilitation. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to examine the magnitude of difference pre- and post-intervention scores of outcome measures. The effect size (r) for the Wilcoxon signed rank was calculated.

Results
After four weeks of vestibular telerehabilitation, there was an improvement in BBS and A-DHI outcome measures (p < .001), with moderate effect size for both scales (r = 0.6). However, A-ABC showed no significant improvement among participants.

Conclusion
This pilot study found that the combined effect of gaze stability and balance exercises using telerehabilitation appear to be effective in improving balance and activities of daily living in individuals with vestibular disorders.
Practice, governance, and culture characteristics of lived experience organisations, and evidence of efficacy: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Opie Jessica E. , Vuong An , Macafee Alexandra , Khalil Hanan , Pearce Natalie , Jayakody Erandathie , Maylea Christropher , McIntosh Jennifer E. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Mental health policy and service design is increasingly recognizing the importance of the lived experience voice and its inclusion in all aspects of work. Effective inclusion requires a deeper understanding of how best to support lived experience workforce and community members to meaningfully participate in the system.

Objectives
This scoping review aims to identify key features of organizational practice and governance that facilitate the safe inclusion of lived experience in decision-making and practice within mental health sector contexts. Specifically, the review focuses on mental health organizations devoted to lived experience advocacy or peer support or those in which lived experience membership (paid or voluntary) is central to advocacy and peer support operations.

Methods
This review protocol was prepared with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols and registered with the Open Science Framework. The review will be guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology framework and is being conducted by a multidisciplinary team including lived experience research fellows. It will include published and grey literature, including government reports, organizational online documents, and theses. Included studies will be identified through comprehensive searches of five databases: PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid), and ProQuest Central. Studies published in English from 2000 onwards will be included. Data extraction will be guided by pre-determined extraction instruments. Results will be presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews flow chart. Results will be presented in tabular form and narratively synthesized. The planned commencement and completion dates for this review were July 1, 2022 and April 1, 2023.

Discussion
It is anticipated that this scoping review will map the current evidence base underpinning organizational practices in which lived experience workers are involved, specifically in the mental health system. It will also inform future mental health policy and research.

Trial registration
Registration: Open Science Framework (registered: July 26, 2022; registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/NB3S5).