bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The utilization of nanopore targeted sequencing proves to be advantageous in the identification of infections present in deceased donors
Authors: Yao Zhiyuan , Liu Yu , Zhan Liying , Qiu Tao , Li Guang , Chen Zhongbao , Fang Xiaoyu , Liu Zhou , Wu Wei , Liao Zhaomin , Xia Wenfang 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundNanopore Target Sequencing (NTS) represents a novel iteration of gene sequencing technology; however, its potential utility in the detection of infection in deceased donors has yet to be documented. The present study endeavors to assess the applicability of NTS in this domain.MethodsThis retrospective study comprised a cohort of 71 patients who were under intensive care at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between June 2020 and January 2022. The specimens were subjected to microbiological tests utilizing NTS, culture, and other techniques, and subsequently, the diagnostic accuracy of NTS was compared with conventional methods.ResultsBlood NTS exhibited a better agreement rate of 52.11% and a greater positive rate of pathogen detection than blood culture (50.70% vs. 5.63%, p &lt; 0.001). In NTS of deceased donors, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii were the most frequently found bacteria, and Candida was the most frequently found fungus. Blood NTS had a considerably better sensitivity for detecting clinical bloodstream infection than blood culture (62.50%: 7.14%, p &lt; 0.001). These findings were supported by comparisons between blood NTS and conventional microbial detection methods (such as blood culture, glucan testing, galactomannan testing, T cell spot testing for tuberculosis infection, smear, etc.).ConclusionThe pathogen detection technology NTS has a high sensitivity and positive rate. It can more accurately and earlier detect infection in deceased donors, which could be very important for raising the donation conversion rate.
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with MET-amplified contained excellent response to crizotinib: a case report
Authors: Gu Yangjun , Xiao Min , Chen Zhitao , Li Qiyong 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Several novel therapeutic strategies have been developed to prolong the survival of patients with advanced HCC. However, therapeutic decision-making biomarkers owing to the extensive heterogeneity of HCC. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is generally used in treatment decisions to help patients benefit from genome-directed targeting.Case presentationA 56 year-old male with type-B hepatitis for more than 20 years was admitted to our department and underwent laparoscopic left lateral hepatic lobectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Unfortunately, the tumor recurred 1 year later. Despite multiple treatments, the tumor continued to progress and invaded the patient’s 5th thoracic vertebras, leading to hypoesthesia and hypokinesia below the nipple line plane 2 years later. NGS revealed MET amplification, and crizotinib, an inhibitor of MET, was recommended. After administration for a month, tumor marker levels decreased, and the tumor shrunk. The patient has remained in remission since that time.ConclusionsWe report that a patient with high MET amplification benefited from its inhibitor, which was recommended by NGS. This indicates the potential clinical decision support value of NGS and the satisfactory effect of MET inhibitors.
Post-stroke experiences and health information needs among Chinese elderly ischemic stroke survivors in the internet environment: a qualitative study
Authors: Hu Yufan , Qiu Xichenhui , Ji Cuiling , Wang Fang , He Manlan , He Lei , Chen Lu 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundElderly stroke survivors are encouraged to receive appropriate health information to prevent recurrences. After discharge, older patients seek health information in everyday contexts, examining aspects that facilitate or impair healthy behavior.ObjectivesTo explore the experiences of older stroke patients when searching for health information, focusing on search methods, identification of health information, and difficulties faced during the search process.MethodsUsing the qualitative descriptive methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with fifteen participants.ResultsParticipants associated the health information they sought with concerns about future life prospects triggered by perceived intrusive changes in their living conditions. Based on the participants’ descriptions, four themes were refined: participants’ motivation to engage in health information acquisition behavior, basic patterns of health information search, source preferences for health information, and difficulties and obstacles in health information search, and two search motivation subthemes, two search pattern subthemes, four search pathway subthemes, and four search difficulty subthemes were further refined.ConclusionOlder stroke patients face significant challenges in searching for health information online. Healthcare professionals should assess survivors’ health information-seeking skills, develop training programs, provide multichannel online access to health resources, and promote secondary prevention for patients by improving survivors’ health behaviors and self-efficacy.
Gender moderates the association between resting vagally mediated heart rate variability and attentional control
Authors: Zhang Xiaocong , Wang Siyu , Sun Yueyi , Ding Yanwen 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundWomen typically exhibit weaker attentional control ability than men. Lower resting vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) is thought to reflect the poorer function of the neurophysiological pathways underlying attentional control and thus, poorer attentional control ability. However, existing findings are inconsistent regarding the relationship between vmHRV and attentional control. Gender may be an important moderator.ObjectiveTo examine whether gender moderates the relationship between resting vmHRV and attentional control, and to provide neurophysiological evidence for elucidating gender differences in attentional control ability.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty college students completed the Attentional Control Scale to evaluate their attentional control ability. Resting vmHRV was assessed during a 5 min baseline period using an electrocardiographic amplifier (ECG100C) of the Biopac MP150 physiological recorder.Results(1) There was no significant difference in the total scores of the Attentional Control Scale between men and women (t = 0.498, p &gt; 0.05), but the scores of the attentional shifting dimension of women were significantly lower than those of men (t = 1.995, p &lt; 0.05); (2) Resting vmHRV was significantly negatively correlated with attentional control in women(r = −0.233, p &lt; 0.01), whereas the correlation was not significant in men; (3) Gender significantly moderated the relationship between resting vmHRV and attentional control (B = −3.088, 95% boot CI [−5.431, −0.745], t = −2.598, p &lt; 0.05); (4) Among participants with lower resting vmHRV, there was no significant difference in attentional control between men and women (B = 2.284, 95% boot CI [−0.748, 5.310], p &gt; 0.05), but among participants with higher resting vmHRV, men scored significantly higher than women in attentional control (B = −3.377, 95% boot CI [−6.406, −0.348], p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionGender moderates the relationship between resting vmHRV and attentional control, with higher resting vmHRV in women reflecting a compensatory response to deficits in attentional control.
Influenza vaccine uptake in Tunisia from two high-risk groups’ perception and attitudes: a qualitative study
Authors: Boukthir Aicha , Bouguerra Hind , Ben Salah Afif , Erber Astrid C. , Chaabene Sana , Moussa Hayet , Guillemette François , Alaya Nissaf Ben , Bettaieb Jihene 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPregnant women (PW) and older adult with chronic diseases (ECD) are priority groups for the influenza vaccination. This study was designed to have a better insight into the influenza perceptions and barriers of the vaccine uptake from these groups’ perspectives.MethodsThis qualitative study consisted of 20 focus group discussions (FGDs) enrolled from five governorates across the country (north, center, and south) between March 18 and July 10, 2019, in urban and rural areas. FGDs were conducted in Arabic (Tunisian dialect) and following the topic guide. Data were transcribed in the local language then translated into English and analyzed using Nvivo12 Software. This permitted the analysis thematic approach, using codes determined by the focus groups.ResultsA total of 170 individuals participated in the FGDs (84 ECD and 86 PW). Both groups recognized the weakness of the immune system as key determinant for severity. While PW raised the lack of information about the vaccine, the ECD emphasized accessibility problems. Five main barriers to influenza vaccination were identified: cultural barriers and use of traditional medicine, misleading or lack of information about influenza and the vaccine, advice against its uptake, problems of availability and accessibility of the vaccine as well as mistrust towards the vaccine including adverse effects, vaccine composition and effectiveness.ConclusionThe study provided refined information from the perspectives of users to orient the policies regarding the promotion of influenza vaccine by decision makers among these two high risk groups.
“Something is wrong!” A qualitative study of racial disparities in parental experiences of OSA detection in their child
Authors: Chung Alicia , Farquharson Leone , Gopalkrishnan Akila , Honaker Sarah Morsbach 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionApproximately 3% of American children are affected by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), yet Black children are 2–4 times more likely to experience OSA compared to White children. Little is known about parental experiences in detection, diagnosis, and treatment of OSA in their child, and how these experiences may differ by race. The study objective was to highlight convergent and divergent experiences between and across Black and White parents in the OSA detection process for their child.MethodsWe conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with mothers whose child was referred for a diagnostic overnight polysomnogram (PSG) to assess for OSA. Parents described how their child was referred for a PSG and their perceptions and feelings throughout the detection process. Data were analyzed using a thematic descriptive approach. Frequency of themes were examined by race. Themes that were unique to one racial group were categorized as divergent, whereas themes described by individuals from both groups were categorized as convergent. Within the convergent themes, we examined the prevalence within each racial group, noting those that were more prevalent (&gt;10% difference in prevalence) in one race or the other.ResultsThe sample included 19 Black and 8 White mothers, who were 36 years old on average. Qualitative analysis yielded 21 themes across 5 categories that captured divergent and convergent experiences across Black and White mothers during the OSA detection process for their child. Divergent themes that were unique to Black mothers included It Takes a Village—Teacher, Misplaced Blame, Missing the Day/night Connection, Trust in Provider, and the belief that Snoring is Normal. Only one divergent theme among White parents emerged, worries about Dying in Ones Sleep. Additional convergent themes were identified that were more prevalent in one race compared to the other.DiscussionBlack and White mothers experienced different paths to detection and diagnosis for their child's sleep disordered breathing, that are affected by individual awareness, education, patient-provider interactions, and experiences with the healthcare system. Divergent themes such as Misplaced Blame among Black mothers were a potential indication of racism and health disparities.
Improving the nutritional and livelihood security of landless laborer through the Backyard Farming System
Authors: Sahoo Lopamudra , Kandpal Basant Kumar , Das Anup , Debnath Chandan , Singh Vinay , Devi Hiangmayum Lembisana , Bharati Huirem , Parhi Janmejay , Singha Abhijit , Datta Joydeep , Das Biswajit , Mishra Vinay Kumar 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIndia is home to around 140 million landless laborers who live below the poverty line and are the most vulnerable group in terms of food and nutritional security. The three critical problems faced by the poor laborer families are poverty, hunger, and malnutrition. To address these problems, a backyard farming system was conceptualized and evaluated with an aim to ensure the nutritional security of landless laborers. The main objective of this work was to utilize the homestead area of 100-150 m2 for ensuring year-round food availability.MethodsIntegration of vegetables, pulses, fruits, spices, fishes, and ducks was done in the available area. Technological interventions with the integration of ducks (Khaki campbell), fish (carps and Self-recruiting species), pulses, and leafy vegetables can help in improving nutrient consumption.Result and discussionA total of 1400 kg of vegetables (including root vegetables and leafy vegetables) can be produced annually from an area of 150 m2 that can fulfil 30-70% of the vitamins (RDA of 70 % of B1 and 30% of B3) and mineral requirements (RDA of 45% of Iron and 30% of Ca) of the average family, as well as providing an annual saving of INR 25,000/annum and an extra income of INR 10,000/annum that can be earned from selling the extra produce. Herbs (Coriander, Mint, and Fenugreek) and spices (Ginger, Turmeric, and Chilli) with antioxidants ranging from 2-13 millimol/100 gm can help in developing a good immune status. Integration with ducks, pond dyke utilization with cucurbits, spices and herbs, and the introduction of self-recruiting species in a composite fish culture system can further enhance the income by INR 14,000/annum after family consumption. Year-round cultivation made the optimum use of the available resources. A net return of INR 30,000 from 300 m2 could be obtained with a B:C ratio of 2.98 as well as generating an employment of 136 mandays. The food produced from the system can contribute to the nutritive requirements throughout the year and lead to a greater diversity in the food consumption pattern of the family.
Patients’ perspectives on video consultation for non-communicable diseases: a qualitative study in Singapore
Authors: Tan Mui Suan , Kang Gary Chun-Yun , Fong Rodney Jin Kai , Cheong Nian Kai , Shi Haixiao , Tan Ngiap Chuan 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic increased the use of telemedicine in primary care services. Understanding patients’ perspectives on telemedicine is pivotal for its wider adoption in managing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the community.AimTo explore the views and concerns of patients who have yet to use video consultation (VC) for NCD management in Singapore.Design & settingThis qualitative study was conducted in a primary care clinic in Singapore.MethodIn total, 16 patients participated in individual in-depth interviews. The participants had type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension and/or hyperlipidaemia without prior VC experience. They were purposively enrolled in the polyclinic. Audited transcripts were independently coded by two investigators. Thematic analysis was performed to identify perspectives on telemedicine based on the health, information, and technology zones of the Health Information Technology Acceptance Model.ResultsThe following three themes emerged: perceived benefits of VC utility; perceived barriers of VC adoption; and potential challenges of VC. Participants viewed VC as safe and convenient if they had stable NCD. They voiced concerns on possible suboptimal care owing to the absence of physical examination, network connectivity, and personal medical data security. Participants highlighted challenges of VC uptake such as digital health familiarity, availability of their own mobile and telemonitoring devices, and healthcare costs consideration.ConclusionAddressing the concerns and challenges highlighted by non-VC users can help physicians and policymakers explore ways to scale up telemedicine in Singapore. A hybrid clinical care model comprising in-person visits and VC may be the way forward for NCD management.
Treatment of Stage IV Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Pembrolizumab in Combination with Platinum-Based Doublet Chemotherapy in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Khanh Toan , Van To Ta 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Lung cancer has been one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide in recent decades. According to the findings of the KEYNOTE-407 (2018) study on patients with stage IV squamous cell lung cancer, the combination of pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in the first-line treatment prolongs overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of treating patients with stage IV non–small cell lung cancer with pembrolizumab in combination with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy.

Methods
A retrospective multicenter study on 46 patients at four hospitals in Vietnam between June 2018 and August 2022. Patients received first-line treatment with a protocol of pembrolizumab in combination with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (pemetrexed plus carboplatin or paclitaxel plus carboplatin). The study's primary endpoints were progression-free survival and safety. The secondary endpoint was overall survival.

Results
The median progression-free survival was 11.0 months (95% CI, 7.4–14.7 months). The median overall survival was 23.1 months (95% CI, 18.4–27.8 months). The survival rate of patients after 1 and 2 years was 82.3% and 43.3%, respectively. The most common side effects were anemia and elevated liver enzymes, but they were primarily mild or moderate severity. Progression-free survival did not depend on cancer type based on histology (p = 0.13). The progression-free survival was independent of programmed death ligand-1 expression levels &lt; 50% or ≥ 50% (p = 0.68).

Conclusion
Treatment of stage IV non–small cell lung cancer without EGFR and ALK gene mutations with the immunotherapy protocol of pembrolizumab in combination with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy resulted in favorable outcomes without any new safety concerns. A larger sample size and longer follow-up in the future are necessary to yield more complete results.
"Oi! Skins": Trans-Atlantic Gay Skinhead Discourse on the Internet
Authors: Haines James 
Published: August 2023

For about a year and a half now I have been studying non-racist and anti-racist skinheads and their look-alike neo-nazi "bonehead" cousins, using skin websites, e-mail lists and newsgroups as my primary source of data. As I have had no face-to-face contact with my informants, my approach might be called discourse-centered ethnography. At a Cultural Studies conference in June 1998 I reported on an ether community of US and Canadian gay skins that I have been monitoring since November 1997, the Queer Skinhead Brotherhood [QSB]. That report had its origins in a longer ethnography which was based on data gleaned from the QSB website, a QSB e-mail list, the home pages of several QSB list subscribers, and e-mail interviews and personal correspondence with a little over a tenth of the QSB membership. This ethnography is available on the web and has been linked to from the QSB website, which suggests that QSB members find it a fairly accurate report.
The use of the Classic and Modified Transfer of the Lower Trapezius Muscle (Elhassan Transfer) as a Primary or Secondary Method for Surgical Reconstruction of the Abduction and External Rotation of the Shoulder in Brachial Plexus Injury
Authors: Hatskyi O.O. , Tretiak I.B. , Tsymbaliuk V.I. , Tsymbaliuk Ya.V. , Hao Jiang 
Published: August 2023

Background. Brachial plexus injury (BPI) leads to severe dysfunction of the upper extremity (UE). Elbow flexion and multiaxial movements in glenohumeral joint (MGHJ) are prioritized in reconstruction strategy. Time-dependent (< 6 months) nerve transfers (NT) allow effective restoring of MGHJ. Late (> 6 months) reconstruction of MGHJ remains completely dependent on transfers of the functional tendon-muscle complexes.
Objective: to compare the outcomes of the classic Elhassan (c) and modified (m) transfer of the lower trapezius muscle (LTT) on recovery of monoaxial MGHJ.
Materials and Methods. Patient (P.) #3 with M4+ recovery of the deltoid muscle (DM) after NT and P. #4 without spontaneous recovery (SR) of DM – forward flexion (FF) was 170° and 0°, respectively, received cLTT. Patient #1 with M4+ recovery of DM after NT and P. #2 with M4+ SR of DM (FF was 160° and 50°, respectively), received mLTT – distal fixation point has been changed from the tendon of the infraspinatus to the tendon of supraspinatus muscle.
Results. Shoulder abduction (ABD) has been restored to 50° in P. #1 and P. #2, while the recovery of the external rotation (ER) has not been achieved – upper arm remained internally rotated (IR). ABD has been restored to 40° and 80° in P. #3 and P. #4; simultaneously +15° and +70° of ER has been restored.
Conclusions. The use of mLTT leads to more effective recovery of monoaxial MGHJ – ABD – 50° vs. 40° after cLTT. The use of cLTT leads to more effective recovery of another monoaxial MGHJ – ER – +15° and +70° vs. IR after mLTT; LTT should only be considered as a complementary surgical procedure, which utilization should cohere with a patient’s requirements to the MGHJ.
No UV-bright Eruptions from SN 2023ixf in GALEX Imaging 15–20 yr Before Explosion
Authors: Flinner Nicholas , Tucker Michael A. , Beacom John F. , Shappee Benjamin J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We analyze pre-explosion ultraviolet imaging of the nearby Type II supernova SN 2023ixf in search of precursor variability. No outbursts are seen in observations obtained 15–20 yr prior to explosion to a limit of L
NUV ≈ 1000 L
⊙ and L
FUV ≈ 2000 L
⊙. The time period of these non-detections roughly corresponds to changes in the circumstellar density inferred from early spectra and photometry.
Perioperative analgesia in the elderly
Authors: Del Tedesco Filippo , Sessa Flaminio , Xhemalaj Rikardo , Sollazzi Liliana , Dello Russo Cinzia , Aceto Paola 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The administration of analgesic drugs in elderly patients should take into account age-related physiological changes, loss of efficiency of homeostatic mechanisms, and pharmacological interactions with chronic therapies. Underestimation of pain in patients with impaired cognition is often linked to difficulties in pain assessment. In the preoperative phase, it is essential to assess the physical status, cognitive reserve, and previous chronic pain conditions to plan effective analgesia. Furthermore, an accurate pharmacological history of the patient must be collected to establish any possible interaction with the whole perioperative analgesic plan. The use of analgesic drugs with different mechanisms of action for pain relief in the intraoperative phase is a crucial step to achieve adequate postoperative pain control in older adults. The combined multimodal and opioid-sparing strategy is strongly recommended to reduce side effects. The use of various adjuvants is also preferable. Moreover, the implementation of non-pharmacological approaches may lead to faster recovery. High-quality postoperative analgesia in older patients can be achieved only with a collaborative interdisciplinary team. The aim of this review is to highlight the perioperative pain management strategies in the elderly with a special focus on intraoperative pharmacological interventions.