bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early-onset of sexual activity as a potential risk of cervical cancer in Africa: A review of literature
Authors: Mekonnen Alemayehu Gonie , Mittiku Yohannes Moges 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
In most African countries, cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women, both in terms of incidence and fatality. In the existing literature, age is risk factor for developing cervical cancer since it occurs mainly after the middle life of women. However, there have been contradictory findings in the literature on whether early sexual intercourse is linked to cervical cancer, with some studies indicating no relationship and others reporting an increased risk. Hence, this review analyzed data from recently published studies on cervical cancer.

Methods
Seven databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medscape, EMBASE, African Journals Online and Science Direct) were searched for papers published from January 2000 to March 2022 in English. Ten studies were included in analysis. The statistical analysis was performed using STATA 11. Heterogeneity between-study was explored by forest plot and inconsistency index (I2). The publication bias was checked by a funnel plot and Egger’s test. The pooled estimates of odds ratios were calculated by a random-effects model.

Results
In the subgroup analysis, there was no significant association between early sexual activity and cervical cancer. However, the overall pooled analysis of these ten studies revealed that there is an association between early sexual debut and cervical cancer. In the random effect model, we found a pooled odds ratio of 2.95 (95% CI = 1.06, 4.83), indicating that women who began sexual intercourse before the age of 18 had a higher risk of getting cervical cancer than adult women.

Conclusion
In this analysis, women who began having early sexual debut had a greater risk of developing cervical cancer than those who initiated sexual intercourse later in life. Delaying the age of first sexual activity among adolescents could help prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer.
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Myanmar version of the scale of oral health outcomes for 5-year-old children
Authors: Min Saw Nay , Duangthip Duangporn , Gao Sherry Shiqian , Detsomboonrat Palinee 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the child’s self-report and parental report of the scale of oral health outcomes for 5-year-old children (SOHO-5) for use in Myanmar (Burmese-speaking) population and to assess the reliability and validity of the Myanmar version.Materials and methodsThe forward-backward translation method was used to develop the Myanmar SOHO-5 version and the final questionnaires were tested on 173 five years old children and their parents for reliability and validity. A single dentist examined the caries experience of the children (Kappa:0.90). The structural validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability (1–2 weeks) were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. The association between SOHO-5 scores and additional global rating questions for child oral health status (convergent validity) and the differences between the total SOHO-5 score of children with caries and children without caries (discriminant validity) were investigated.ResultsA confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the one-factor structure of the SOHO-5. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient values for internal consistency were 0.82 for the children’s report and 0.79 for the parental report. The ICCs were 0.90 and 0.89 for the total scores of the children and parental versions in the test-retest reliability analysis. The total SOHO-5 scores for both reports were significantly associated with the global rating questions except for the ’impact on children’s general health’ question in the parental report. Furthermore, the Myanmar version discriminated between the children with and without caries experiences (p< 0.001).ConclusionThis study provided evidence that both children and parental reports of the Myanmar SOHO-5 version have good reliability and validity to assess the OHRQoL of 5-year-old children in a Burmese-speaking population.
Sex differences in health care expenditures and mortality after spousal bereavement: A register-based Danish cohort study
Authors: Katsiferis Alexandros , Bhatt Samir , Mortensen Laust Hvas , Mishra Swapnil , Westendorp Rudi G. J. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Spousal bereavement is a life event that affects older people differently. We investigated the impact of spousal bereavement on medical expenditures and mortality in the general population, emphasizing on age and sex.

Methods
Data are from a population-based, retrospective cohort study following 924,958 Danish citizens over the age of 65 years, within 2011–2016. Changes in health care expenditures in those who suffer bereavement were compared with time matched changes among those who did not. Mortality hazards were analysed with time to event analysis.

Results
A total of 77,722 (~8.4%) individuals experienced bereavement, 65.8% being females. Among males, bereavement was associated with increase of expenditures the year after, that was 42 Euros per week (95% CI, 36 to 48) larger than the non-bereaved group. The corresponding increase for females was 35 Euros per week (95% CI, 30 to 40). The increase of mortality hazards was highest in the first year after bereavement, higher in males than females, in young old and almost absent in the oldest old. Compared with the reference, mortality the year after spousal loss was 70% higher (HR 1.70 [95% CI 1.40 to 2.08]) for males aged 65–69 years and remained elevated for a period of six years. Mortality for females aged 65–69 years was 27% higher in the first year (HR 1.27, [1.07 to 1.52]), normalizing thereafter.

Conclusion
Bereavement affects older people differently with younger males being most frail with limited recovery potential.
Mechanical Thrombectomy of Wall Adherent Thrombus and Post Thrombotic Syndrome Diagnosis
Authors: Stibbs Peter , Wells Jeffrey , Govantes Dileo , Weller Lawrence 
Published: March 2023

Title: Mechanical Thrombectomy of Wall Adherent Thrombus and Post Thrombotic Syndrome Diagnosis: A comparison of PST free outcomes and the ATTRACT trial in literature review
Authors: P.Stibbs, J.Wells, D.Govantes, L.Weller
Abstract:
Background: Post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) occurs in 23-60% of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) cases, representing a significant clinical and economic burden. The NIH-funded ATTRACT trial showed no significant difference in PTS diagnosis rates between catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT) and oral anticoagulation alone. However, newer mechanical thrombectomy devices designed to remove wall adherent thrombus have emerged, raising questions about their efficacy in comparison to traditional treatments.
Objective: This study aims to compare PTS diagnosis rates in patients receiving percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy with extirpation of thrombus versus traditional pharmacological lysing of thrombus with oral anticoagulation.
Methods: A retrospective review of 62 peer-reviewed publications was conducted, ultimately narrowing the focus to 12 studies with significant procedural volumes and commonality in reporting PTS after initial treatment methodology. Two mechanical thrombectomy devices, the Clotriever (Inari Medical) and the CleanerTM (Argon Medical), were identified for their design targeting wall adherent thrombus.
Results: Both the Clotriever and CleanerTM thrombectomy devices showed lower rates of PTS diagnosis at six months compared to CDT with oral anticoagulation alone, as cited in the ATTRACT trial. The ClotTriever device had a PTS-free rate of 76%, while the CleanerTM device demonstrated 72.4% and 72% PTS-free rates in separate studies.
Conclusion: Mechanical thrombectomy devices engaging wall adherent thrombus yielded lower rates of post thrombotic syndrome diagnosis at six months compared to catheter directed thrombolysis. However, this study is limited by its retrospective nature and varying inclusion/exclusion criteria across studies. Future prospective comparisons with controlled settings are recommended to evaluate the efficacy of these devices in relation to CDT and oral anticoagulation.
Disciplinamiento y vida. Jonathan Crary y la producción de la aisthesis
Authors: Pavez Javier 
Published: March 2023

En “Eclipse del espectáculo” (1984), Johantan Crary escribe en torno del problema de la metamorfosis de la televisión dentro del diseño cultural, económico y geopolítico. Propone que el sistema representativo se retira frente a la red de distribución y control del capitalismo tecnológico. El régimen escópico, por tanto, deviene un ejercicio o una superficie del poder. En este sentido, los procesos tecnológicos se comprenden como un determinado e histórico régimen estético, es decir, de producción de la aisthesis. De este modo, Crary cuestiona la producción del capitalismo a través del examen de los modos de producción de la percepción. En Techniques of the Observer (1990), Suspensions of Perception (2001) y 24/7 (2013), Crary radicaliza la retirada de la observación contemplativa ante la producción de la sensibilidad. Siguiendo esta clave de lectura, este ensayo propone que la crítica de Crary se mantiene bajo la forma taxonómica “cuerpo viviente/aparato disciplinario”.
La modernidad pictórica de Manet: pintura autorreflexiva, plana y desidealizadora
Authors: Gutiérrez-Jordano Carmen 
Published: March 2023

En este artículo mostramos la esencia de la modernidad pictórica de Édouard Manet. Su pintura se rebela contra los conceptos básicos de la pintura anterior, enarbolando una modernidad que consiste, en primer lugar, en que la pintura hace una crítica de sí misma para descubrir su propia esencia. Manet descubre que, además de esta autorreflexión, la pintura debe hacerse plana, tener un tema, reflejar la vida contemporánea y, finalmente, desidealiza el arte en general. En este trabajo analizamos cada una de esas características y presentamos la desidealización como síntesis final de la modernidad pictórica de Manet. Con ella, Manet pretende que el arte sea verdaderamente moderno, es decir, solo arte.
Homocysteine exchange across skeletal muscle in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Garibotto Giacomo , Picciotto Daniela , Verzola Daniela , Valli Alessando , Sofia Antonella , Costigliolo Francesca , Saio Michela , Viazzi Francesca , Esposito Pasquale 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSites and mechanisms regulating the supply of homocysteine (Hcy) to the circulation are unexplored in humans. We studied the exchange of Hcy across the forearm in CKD patients (n = 17, eGFR 20 ± 2 ml/min), in hemodialysis (HD)‐treated patients (n = 14) and controls (n = 9). Arterial Hcy was ~ 2.5 folds increased in CKD and HD patients (p < 0.05–0.03 vs. controls). Both in controls and in patients Hcy levels in the deep forearm vein were consistently greater (+~7%, p < 0.05–0.01) than the corresponding arterial levels, indicating the occurrence of Hcy release from muscle. The release of Hcy from the forearm was similar among groups. In all groups arterial Hcy varied with its release from muscle (p < 0.03–0.02), suggesting that muscle plays an important role on plasma Hcy levels. Forearm Hcy release was inversely related to folate plasma level in all study groups but neither to vitamin B12 and IL‐6 levels nor to muscle protein net balance. These data indicate that the release of Hcy from peripheral tissue metabolism plays a major role in influencing its Hcy plasma levels in humans and patients with CKD, and that folate is a major determinant of Hcy release.
PTEN‐AKT pathway attenuates apoptosis and adverse remodeling in ponatinib‐induced skeletal muscle toxicity following BMP‐7 treatment
Authors: Srivastava Ayushi , Singla Dinender K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) including ponatinib are commonly used to treat cancer patients. Unfortunately, TKIs induce cardiac as well as skeletal muscle dysfunction as a side effect. Therefore, detailed mechanistic studies are required to understand its pathogenesis and to develop a therapeutic treatment. The current study was undertaken to examine whether ponatinib induces apoptosis and apoptotic mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo models and furthermore to test the potential of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP‐7) as a possible treatment option for its attenuation. Sol8 cells, a mouse myogenic cell line was exposed to ponatinib to generate an apoptotic cell culture model and were subsequently treated with BMP‐7 to understand its protective effects. For the in vivo model, C57BL/6J mice were administered with ponatinib to understand apoptosis, cell signaling apoptotic mechanisms, and adverse muscle remodeling and its attenuation with BMP‐7. TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) methods were used. Our data show significantly (p < 0.05) increased TUNEL staining, caspase‐3, BAX/Bcl2 ratio in the in vitro model. Furthermore, our in vivo muscle data show ponatinib‐induced muscle myopathy, and loss in muscle function. The observed muscle myopathy was associated with increased apoptosis, caspase‐3 staining, and BAX/Bcl‐2 ratio as confirmed with IHC and RT‐PCR. Furthermore, our data show a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the involvement of cell signaling apoptotic regulator protein PTEN and a decrease in cell survival protein AKT. These results suggest that increased apoptosis following ponatinib treatment showed an increase in skeletal muscle remodeling, sarcopenia, and fibrosis. Furthermore, BMP‐7 treatment significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated ponatinib‐induced apoptosis, BAX/Bcl2 ratio, decreased PTEN, and increased cell survival protein AKT, decreased adverse muscle remodeling, and improved muscle function. Overall, we provide evidence that ponatinib‐induces apoptosis leading to sarcopenia and muscle myopathy with decreased function which was attenuated by BMP‐7.
Two-dimensional metal halide perovskites and their heterostructures: from synthesis to applications
Authors: Kostopoulou Athanasia , Konidakis Ioannis , Stratakis Emmanuel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Size- and shape-dependent unique properties of the metal halide perovskite nanocrystals make them promising building blocks for constructing various electronic and optoelectronic devices. These unique properties together with their easy colloidal synthesis render them efficient nanoscale functional components for multiple applications ranging from light emission devices to energy conversion and storage devices. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) metal halide perovskites in the form of nanosheets (NSs) or nanoplatelets (NPls) are being intensively studied due to their promising 2D geometry which is more compatible with the conventional electronic and optoelectronic device structures where film-like components are usually employed. In particular, 2D perovskites exhibit unique thickness-dependent properties due to the strong quantum confinement effect, while enabling the bandgap tuning in a wide spectral range. In this review the synthesis procedures of 2D perovskite nanostructures will be summarized, while the application-related properties together with the corresponding applications will be extensively discussed. In addition, perovskite nanocrystals/2D material heterostructures will be reviewed in detail. Finally, the wide application range of the 2D perovskite-based structures developed to date, including pure perovskites and their heterostructures, will be presented while the improved synergetic properties of the multifunctional materials will be discussed in a comprehensive way.
PurA sensitizes cells to toxicity induced by oxidative stress
Authors: Albukhaytan Hawra , Torkzaban Bahareh , Sariyer Ilker K. , Amini Shohreh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
PurA is an evolutionary conserved protein that is known to bind to single stranded DNA or RNA and regulate both transcription and translation. PurA has been implicated in many neurological and neurodevelopmental deficits, but its role in response to cellular stress has not yet been clarified. In this study, we have studied the cells’ stress response in the presence and absence of PurA expression.

Methods
Oxidative stress was induced in MEF cells obtained from PURA WT and K/O mice by paraquat treatments. The cellular response to stress was determined and compared by viability assays, immunocytochemistry and biochemical analyses.

Results
Interestingly, paraquat treated PurA expressing MEF cells showed higher sensitivity and less cellular viability than those with no PurA expression. Moreover, western blot analysis revealed increase in the expression of the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase 3 and autophagy marker LC3-II in PurA WT MEF cells compared to the PurA K/O MEF cells under oxidative stress induction.

Conclusions
Our observations indicate that PurA may play a key role in regulating cellular toxicity induced by oxidative stress and emphasize its importance for cell-fate determination under cytotoxic stress conditions.
Peripheral inflammation is associated with alterations in brain biochemistry and mood: evidence from in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
Authors: Mumuni Abdul Nashirudeen , Krishnadas Rajeev , Cavanagh Jonathan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a protein implicated in the prognosis of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), an autoimmune disease associated with episodes of clinical depression (CD). CD has been linked to abnormalities in the forebrain and subcortical structures, which can be probed noninvasively using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Thus, this 1H-MRS study assessed biochemical differences between healthy subjects and PsA patients in the frontal and bilateral hippocampal brain regions. Biochemical and mood responses in the anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral hippocampi following the administration of anti-TNF-α medication to the PsA patients were also assessed. Fifteen volunteers in each of the PsA and control groups participated in the study. Patients underwent MRS examination before and after 6–8 weeks of anti-TNF-α medication. Mood was assessed at baseline and after medication using the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). Psychiatric symptoms were ruled out in all volunteers using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. MRS studies were conducted using the PRESS sequence at 3 T. Spectral and statistical analyses were conducted using the LC Model and Minitab software, respectively. Metabolite levels were expressed as ratios, relative to the creatine peak. The PsA patients showed higher left hippocampal baseline Choline/Creatine ratio than controls (p = 0.014). After medication, decrease in frontal brain Choline/Creatine ratio was associated with decrease in BDI scores (r = 0.628; p = 0.025), while frontal brain NAA/Creatine ratio was significantly lower in the PsA patients compared to the controls (p = 0.023). No other significant differences were found in all comparisons, including metabolite ratios between the left and right hippocampi. The results of this study provide some evidence for biochemical alterations in the mood regulating segments of the brain, which has consequences for mood states of the affected patients.
Integrated variance of irregularly spaced high-frequency data: A state space approach based on pre-averaging
Authors: Alexeev Vitali , Chen Jun , Ignatieva Katja 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We propose a new state space model to estimate the Integrated Variance (IV) in the presence of microstructure noise. Applying the pre-averaging sampling scheme to the irregularly spaced high-frequency data, we derive equidistant efficient price approximations to calculate the noise-contaminated realised variance (NCRV), which is used as an IV estimator. The theoretical properties of the new volatility estimator are illustrated and compared with those of the realised volatility. We highlight the robustness of the new estimator to market microstructure noise (MMN). The pre-averaging sampling effectively eliminates the influence of the MMN component on the NCRV series. The empirical illustration features the EUR/USD exchange rate and provides evidence of a superior performance in volatility forecasting at very high sampling frequencies.
Morphological, structural and mechanical characteristics of laser-treated pure lead
Authors: Shahid Wajeehah , Shahid Samiah , Iqbal Muhammad Aamir , Raheem Sajid , Javeed Saher , Malik Ayesha , Raza Bilal , Irfan Shaheen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The impact of high-intensity visible radiation on the morphological, structural, and mechanical characteristics of pure lead has been examined via the irradiation of a continuous-wave diode laser on its samples. SEM and X-ray diffractometers were used to analyze the surface and structural morphology of the irradiated samples. The appearance of the burning effects, redeposition of material, and melt pools were checked after the irradiations in the SEM analysis. On the other hand, through the diffractometric X-ray analysis, the targeted sample’s d-spacing, grain size, and dislocation line density were resolved. To understand the mechanical characteristics of lead, the change in hardness of the materials was tested as a function of exposure duration using the micro-Vickers hardness tester, and the resulting outcomes were compared with those of unirradiated ones. The hardness of lead is enhanced as the exposure time increases, and this is accompanied by a continuous reduction of the grain size.
Nemzetpolitikai térkép 2020-ban
Authors: Gréta Kadlicskó 
Published: March 2023

KÖNYVISMERTETÉS
Csóti György (2020): Trianon után száz esztendővel–Beteljesedik-e a herderi jóslat az elveszített magyarlakta területeken? Kairosz Könyvkiadó Kft., Budapest. 152 p.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): international collaboration to translate evidence and guide future research
Authors: Thien Tay Chau , Garrad Rhonda , Mousa Aya , Bahri Mahnaz , Joham Anju , Teede Helena 
Published: March 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 8–13% of reproductive-aged women, impacts biopsychosocial factors and creates a significant health-related economic burden across the reproductive, metabolic and psychological spectrum of complications. Despite being a heterogenous condition, recent genomic studies indicate that PCOS, regardless of diagnostic criteria and clinical features, shares similar underlying biologic mechanisms. However, recent advances have shown that clinical reproductive and diagnostic features are poorly correlated to genotypes and do not represent true phenotypes. Until we have a better understanding of genetic and epigenetic influences on PCOS and long-term outcomes, targeted treatment is limited.
In the interim, a unified approach to integrate evidence, optimise management and guide future research in PCOS is necessary. This has motivated an international collaboration to develop an International Evidence-Based PCOS Guideline to improve health outcomes in women with PCOS. Dissemination and translation of the guideline into health policy and clinical practice are crucial steps to close the knowledge–-practice gap, guide future research and enhance positive impact on the health of women with PCOS.
Here, we review the (i) understanding of aetiology and genetics of PCOS; (ii) development and translation efforts of the 2018 International Evidence-based PCOS Guideline; (iii) current progress and plans for the guideline update, including the involvement of an early career researcher network to assist with evidence synthesis and (iv) the opportunity to target and guide future research for PCOS.