bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-ear infrasonic hemodynography with a digital health device for cardiovascular monitoring using the human audiome
Authors: Gilliam Francis Roosevelt , Ciesielski Robert , Shahinyan Karlen , Shakya Pratistha , Cunsolo John , Panchal Jal Mahendra , Król-Józaga Bartlomiej , Król Monika , Kierul Olivia , Bridges Charles , Shen Christine , Waldman Carly E. , Ring Martin , Szepieniec Tomasz , Barnacka Anna , Bhavnani Sanjeev P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHuman bodily mechanisms and functions produce low-frequency vibrations. Our ability to perceive these vibrations is limited by our range of hearing. However, in-ear infrasonic hemodynography (IH) can measure low-frequency vibrations (<20 Hz) created by vital organs as an acoustic waveform. This is captured using a technology that can be embedded into wearable devices such as in-ear headphones. IH can acquire sound signals that travel within arteries, fluids, bones, and muscles in proximity to the ear canal, allowing for measurements of an individual’s unique audiome. We describe the heart rate and heart rhythm results obtained in time-series analysis of the in-ear IH data taken simultaneously with ECG recordings in two dedicated clinical studies. We demonstrate a high correlation (r = 0.99) between IH and ECG acquired interbeat interval and heart rate measurements and show that IH can continuously monitor physiological changes in heart rate induced by various breathing exercises. We also show that IH can differentiate between atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm with performance similar to ECG. The results represent a demonstration of IH capabilities to deliver accurate heart rate and heart rhythm measurements comparable to ECG, in a wearable form factor. The development of IH shows promise for monitoring acoustic imprints of the human body that will enable new real-time applications in cardiovascular health that are continuous and noninvasive.
Scalable fabrication of graphene nanoribbon quantum dot devices with stable orbital-level spacing
Authors: Kato Toshiaki , Kitada Takahito , Seo Mizuki , Okita Wakana , Sato Naofumi , Shinozaki Motoya , Abe Takaya , Kumasaka Takeshi , Aizawa Takumi , Muto Yui , Kaneko Toshiro , Otsuka Tomohiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLarge-scale integration of quantum-dot devices is essential for realizing various quantum devices. Graphene-based quantum dots provide a promising platform for spin qubits because of their low nuclear spin density and weak spin-orbit interaction. However, the integration of graphene-based quantum dots remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate the scalable fabrication of graphene nanoribbon-based quantum-dot devices using a nickel nanobar technique. Fine structures formed in the middle of the nanoribbons exhibit quantum-dot behavior, and more than 56% of devices fabricated on the same substrate show Coulomb diamond features, indicating that large-scale integration of graphene nanoribbon quantum-dot devices is possible with our method. Cryogenic measurements reveal orbital-level spacings between the ground and excited states that are stable up to high-temperature conditions of ~20 K. We explain this stability in terms of the very fine structures formed in the middle of the nanoribbons and their relatively low effective mass.
Development and preclinical evaluation of a cable-clamp fixation device for a disrupted pubic symphysis
Authors: Jordan Martin C. , Bröer David , Fischer Christian , Heilig Philipp , Gilbert Fabian , Hölscher-Doht Stefanie , Kalogirou Charis , Popp Kevin , Grunz Jan-Peter , Huflage Henner , Jakubietz Rafael G. , Ergün Süleyman , Meffert Rainer H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Traumatic separation of the pubic symphysis can destabilize the pelvis and require surgical fixation to reduce symphyseal gapping. The traditional approach involves open reduction and the implantation of a steel symphyseal plate (SP) on the pubic bone to hold the reposition. Despite its widespread use, SP-fixation is often associated with implant failure caused by screw loosening or breakage.

Methods
To address the need for a more reliable surgical intervention, we developed and tested two titanium cable-clamp implants. The cable served as tensioning device while the clamp secured the cable to the bone. The first implant design included a steel cable anterior to the pubic symphysis to simplify its placement outside the pelvis, and the second design included a cable encircling the pubic symphysis to stabilize the anterior pelvic ring. Using highly reproducible synthetic bone models and a limited number of cadaver specimens, we performed a comprehensive biomechanical study of implant stability and evaluated surgical feasibility.

Results
We were able to demonstrate that the cable-clamp implants provide stability equivalent to that of a traditional SP-fixation but without the same risks of implant failure. We also provide detailed ex vivo evaluations of the safety and feasibility of a trans-obturator surgical approach required for those kind of fixation.

Conclusion
We propose that the developed cable-clamp fixation devices may be of clinical value in treating pubic symphysis separation.
Glueballs in Radiative J/ψ Decays
Authors: Klempt Eberhard 
Published: December 2022

The scalar glueball is observed in a coupled-channel analysis of the S-wave amplitude from BESIII data on radiative J/ψ decays and further data. Ten scalar isoscalar resonances were required to fit the data. Five of them were interpreted as mainly-singlet, five as mainlyoctet resonances in SU(3). The yield of resonances showed a striking peak with properties expected from a scalar glueball:

• G0(1865) is produced abundantly in radiative J/ψ decays above a very low background. Its mass is 1σ compatible with the mass calculated in unquenched lattice QCD, and the yield is 1.6σ compatible with the yield calculated in lattice QCD.
• The decay analysis of the scalar isoscalar mesons shows that the assignment of mesons to mainly-octet and mainly-singlet states is correct. Even the production of mainly-octet scalar mesons - which should be forbidden in radiative J/ψ decays - peaks at 1865 MeV. The decay analysis requires a small glueball content in the flavor wave function of several scalar resonances. The glueball content as a function of the mass shows a peak compatible with the peak in the yield of scalar isoscalar mesons. The sum of the fractional glueball contributions is compatible with one.
• In the reaction Bs → J/ψ + K+K− reported by the LHCb collaboration, a primary ss̄ couples to mesons having a strong coupling to K+K−. Two peaks in the K+K− mass spectrum are seen due to ϕ(1020) and f′2(1525), but there is little evidence for the f0(1710) or other high-mass scalar mesons coupling strongly to KK̄. High-mass scalar mesons are strongly produced by two initial-state gluons but not by an ss̄ pair in the initial state. They must have sizable glueball fractions!
• The D wave amplitude in the BESIII data on radiative J/ψ decays reveales a high-mass structure which can be described by a single Breit-Wigner or by the sum of three ϕϕ resonances interpreted as tensor glueballs a long time ago. The structure - and further tensor resonances observed in radiative J/ψ decays - are tentatively interpreted as tensor glueball.
• In J/ψ decays into γπ0π0η′ several resonances are reported. The possibility is discussed that the pseudoscalar glueball might be hidden in these data.
Sporadic Rectocolic Polyps Prevalence and Management
Authors: Mrabti Samir , Sair Asmae , Benhamdane Ahlame , Addajou Tarik , Berrida Réda , Sentissi Sara , Koti Ilham , Rouibaa Fedoua , Benkirane Ahmed , Seddik Hassan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the prevalence of polyps and their treatments.
Materials and Method This is a retrospective study conducted in our department over 20 years and 3 months between January 2000 and March 2021. All patients with colorectal polyps who underwent endoscopic resection were included. We evaluated the resection techniques and the management of complications.
Results The total number of patients was 273, with a mean age of 57.26 ± 14.058 (18–90) and a M/W sex ratio of 2. The prevalence was 3.35% and the mean number of polyps was 1.33 ± 0.69. The most frequent symptoms were rectal bleeding (23.5%) and constipation (12.1%). The median size was 6 mm (4–12 mm). The left colonic location was the most frequent site (43%). All polyps were classified according to the Paris classification, with a predominance of sessile polyps in 45.75%, followed by pedunculated polyps, representing 42.4%. Endoscopic resection was performed either by biopsy forceps, polypectomy, or mucosectomy in 30.2%, 27.4%, and 25.4% of cases, respectively. Our study noted immediate bleeding in 1.5% of cases, and no perforations or late complications. All complications were treated endoscopically, and no patient required blood transfusion or surgical intervention.
Conclusion Endoscopic resection of rectocolic polyps is the ideal treatment for these lesions. In our department, the prevalence was 3.35%, the most used resection techniques were forceps resection and polypectomy, and the complication rate was 1.5%.
Internal Hernia After Laparoscopic Left Colectomy: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Tueme-de la Peña Danilo , Acosta-Flores José Adolfo , Garza-Cantú Alan Alejandro , Rangel-Ríos Hugo Antonio , Chapa-Lobo Alberto Félix , Salgado-Cruz Luis Enrique 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective Laparoscopic colectomy has gained acceptance as a standard treatment for benign and malignant colorectal disease, such as diverticular disease and cancer, among others. Same as in open surgery, the laparoscopic approach carries a low risk of small bowel obstruction in the postoperative period, but in laparoscopic surgery, internal hernia after laparoscopic left colectomy may be a cause of small bowel obstruction with a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. This rare complication may be prevented with routine closure of the mesenteric defects created during the colectomy.
Methods We present four cases of internal herniation after laparoscopic colectomy. Two cases were after laparoscopic left colectomy and two after laparoscopic low anterior resection. All four cases had full splenic flexure mobilization. Routine closure of the mesenteric defect was not performed in the initial surgery.
Results The four patients were treated by laparoscopic reintervention with closure of the mesenteric defect. In two of them, conversion to open surgery was necessary. One of the patients developed recurrent internal herniation after surgical reintervention with mesenteric closure of the defect. All patients were managed without need for bowel resection, and mortality rate was 0%.
Conclusion Internal herniation after laparoscopic colorectal surgery is a highly morbid complication that requires prompt diagnosis and management and should be suspected in the early postoperative period. Additional studies with extended follow-up are required to establish recommendations regarding its prevention and management.
An Introduction to Minimally Invasive Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Riviello James J. , Curry Daniel J. , Weiner Howard L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe field of minimally invasive surgery has evolved over the past 50 years, including neurosurgery, with an evolution to “minimally invasive neurosurgery” when feasible. Epilepsy surgery has followed this trend, with a transition from standard neurosurgical techniques to minimally invasive techniques in all phases of neurosurgical involvement. These include the diagnostic intracranial electroencephalogram with a subdural exploration to stereoelectroencephalography, the actual resection from an open craniotomy to a less destructive technique, or the multiple modalities of neuromodulation instead of a destructive surgery.The influence of these minimally invasive techniques has resulted in a change in the overall philosophy of pediatric epilepsy surgery. The expectations of what is considered “successful” epilepsy surgery has changed from total seizure control, in other words, a “cure,” to palliative epilepsy surgery with a decrease in the targeted seizures, especially “disabling seizures.” This has led to an overall greater acceptance of epilepsy surgery. This article summarizes the major reasons behind the explosion of minimally invasive pediatric epilepsy surgery, which are amplified in the subsequent articles. Some of this chapter includes the authors' opinions.
Interaction of transverse pressure and in-plane internal stresses on bi-stability of electrostatically rectangular microplates
Authors: Kumar Shivdayal , Bhushan Anand 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bi-stability behavior is commonly observed in an electrostatically actuated pressurised or initially curved microplates. Additionally, presence of in-plane internal stresses considerably changes the mechanical behaviour of the electrostatically actuated microplate. In this paper, the effects of in-plane internal stresses on bi-stability criteria of pressurised rectangular microplates are investigated. For this, the governing differential equation of motion of a rectangular plate is derived using Kirchhoffs plate theory including von Karmans nonlinearity, transverse pressure, axial in-plane internal stresses, and non-linear electrostatic actuation force. Further, Galerkins based reduced-order modelling technique is applied to solve the equation. The problem has been solved for two different sets of plate boundary conditions: simply supported and clamped. The analysis reveals that the presence of tensile or compressive in-plane internal stresses significantly changes the transverse pressure range for the occurrence of bi-stability on the voltage-deflection equilibrium path. Further, we have investigated the variation of Required threshold gap between microplate and substrate for bi-stability in presence of in-plane internal stresses. Results of this investigation can be used to design more efficient microplate based bi-stable N/MEMS devices.
Enhanced motor fault detection system based on a dual-signature image classification method using CNN
Authors: Gana Massine , Achour Hakim , Laghrouche Mourad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a new Motor Image Classification (MIC) approach based on a multi-signal conversion technique using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In this regard, two one-dimensional (1D) signals are combined and converted into a (2D) color image with motor information pixels. Initially, the vibration signal is converted into the frequency domain. Each point of this signal is firstly assigned a color according to its amplitude and then placed successively on a specific column to obtain a pixilated image. An outline is added to the image representing the internal motor temperature. Therefore, the vibratory and thermal situation of the engine is clearly represented in a Dual-Signature Image (DSI). Our system proves the efficiency of the color compared to grayscale images. It ensures fast and effective prevention, which results in a long service lifetime and maximum motor availability. The diagnostic success rate of our system is 99.93%.
Smart load balancing system for 3-phase 4 wire distribution system
Authors: Rahman Md Atiqur , Choudhary Jayanti 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In 3-phase 4 wire distribution system, imbalance phenomena arise because of disproportionate distribution of single-phase loads among 3-phases. To address this issue, distribution system requires equitable load sharing in each phase. In this paper, we proposed an intelligent system which can sense the loading in each phase and distribute the load proportionately in each phase of 3-phase 4-wire distribution system. In our proposed hardware, AI based micro-controller is used to sense the least loaded phase and gives command to relay module to connect the load to the least loaded phase whenever any new load is connected to the line. The load on each phase can be monitored in real-time with the help of IoT based data communication. The results of the proposed work shows that whenever any new load is connected to any phase, it automatically gets connected to the least loaded phase. This work is effective in balancing of load in each phase of 3-phase 4-wire distribution system.
Intra-individual variation in Galium odoratum is affected by experimental drought and shading
Authors: Møller Charlotte , March-Salas Martí , Kuppler Jonas , De Frenne Pieter , Scheepens J F 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background and aims
Climate-change induced warmer spring temperatures advance tree leaf-out and result in earlier shading of the forest floor. Climate change also leads to more frequent droughts. Forest understorey herbs may respond to these environmental changes by varying traits at different hierarchical levels of organization. While trait mean variation at the inter-individual level in response to environmental changes is well-studied, little is known about how variation at the intra-individual level responds.

Methods
We sampled genets of the forest understorey herb Galium odoratum from 21 populations in three regions in Germany, varying in microclimatic conditions. The genets were transplanted into a common garden, where we applied shading and drought treatments. We measured plant height and leaf length and width, and calculated the coefficient of variation (CV) at different hierarchical levels: intra-population, intra-genet, intra-ramet and intra-shoot.

Key results
Variance partitioning showed that intra-shoot CV represented most of the total variation, followed by intra-ramet CV. We found significant variation in CV of plant height and leaf width among populations of origin, indicating that CV is at least partly genetically based. The soil temperature at populations’ origins correlated negatively with CV in plant height, suggesting adaptation to local conditions. Furthermore, we observed that early shade led to increased intra-ramet CV in leaf length, while drought reduced intra-shoot CV in leaf width. Finally, intra-shoot leaf width mean and CV were independent under control conditions but correlated under drought.

Conclusions
Our experimental results reveal correlations of intra-individual variation with soil temperature, indicating that intra-individual variation can evolve and may be adaptive. Intra-individual variation responded plastically to drought and shading, suggesting functional changes to improve light capture and reduce evapotranspiration. In conclusion, intra-individual variation makes up the majority of total trait variation in this species and can play a key role in plant adaptation to climatic change.
Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish
Authors: Culbert Brett M , Barnett James B , Ligocki Isaac Y , Salena Matthew G , Wong Marian Y L , Hamilton Ian M , Balshine Sigal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral motivations. Colorful signals have been well studied in the contexts of competition and mate choice; however, the role of these signals in nonsexual, affiliative relationships is not as well understood. Here, we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1) individual quality, 2) social dominance, and/or 3) affiliative relationships. Individuals with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory intruders. We did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size, but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant females. Additionally, patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged in. Dominant males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small patches. However, subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts themselves. Taken together, our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships within wild social groups.
Predicting cardiovascular risk factors from facial & full body photography using deep learning
Authors: Knorr M S , Neyazi M , Bremer J P , Brederecke J , Ojeda F M , Ohm F , Augustin M , Blankenberg S , Kirsten N , Schnabel R B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The early and easy detection of pathological cardiovascular phenotypes can lead to an early medical intervention and thus slow or limit the development of cardiovascular diseases. As full body photographs are easily obtainable without the need of medical expertise, this modality holds the potential to be viable for screening of populations.

Purpose
Utilizing data from a population-based study, we examined the possibility to detect cardiovascular risk factors from total body photographs using deep learning.

Methods
A population-based cohort study was utilized. The first data release provides facial and full body photographs in dermatologic standard poses of 6500 participants (median age 62.0 years, 49.6% men) and corresponding cardiovascular risk factors. Here, we focus on the most prevalent ones: smoking status (prevalence: 19.0%), hypertension (35.3%) and diabetes (8.2%). Here we employ a 2D-Convolutional Resnet-18 Neural Network for predicting the risk factors. It receives the full body image, the facial image and age and sex as input. We compare this to a logistic regression model only including sex and age. Logistic Regression and Neural Network are employed in a 5-fold validation scheme and t-tested for significance.

Results
Our model provided a good detection of arterial hypertension (AUC 0.711, CI 0.684–0.739), while a logistic regression on age and sex yielded a significantly worse prediction (AUC 0.681, CI 0.679– 0.683, p&lt;0.05). Additionally, it made a good detection of a positive smoking status (AUC 0.733, CI 0.711–0.754), being significantly better than a respective logistic regression on age and sex (AUC 0.598, CI 0.597–0.6, p&lt;0.001). Lastly, it classified diabetes well (AUC 0.744, CI 0.724–0.764, p&lt;0.001) in comparison to the logistic regression (AUC 0.681, CI 0.679–0.683, p&lt;0.001).

Conclusion
The presence of cardiovascular risk factors can be detected from a total body photograph. As total body photographs can be easily obtained with a majority of digital cameras, including smart phones, this model represents a potentially widely applicable diagnostic tool to easily screen large parts of the population for relevant cardiovascular risk factors, making an early medical intervention possible.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.