bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal, drug dose, and sample size trends in the efficacy of omalizumab for chronic spontaneous urticaria: a cumulative meta-analysis
Authors: Qin Haiyan , Xiao Xianjun , Qin Di , Cao Wei , Wang Lu , Xi Menghan , Zou Zihao , Yang Qian , Chen Sijue , Liu Huilin , Li Ying , Shi Yunzhou 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Omalizumab is a humanized anti-IgE, which is indicated for managing chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The dynamic change trend of the efficacy of omalizumab for CSU is unclear. We searched Cochrane, OVID, Embase, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of omalizumab versus placebo in CSU patients from inception to January 2023. The primary outcome was the percentage of complete responders (defined as the weekly urticaria activity score as 0, UAS7 = 0). Secondary outcomes were the percentage of participants with UAS7 ≤ 6, the percentage of weekly itch severity score minimally necessary difference responders (defined as a reduction from baseline in ISS7 of ≥ 5 points, ISS7 MID), and adverse events (AEs). 12 randomized, placebo-controlled studies with 2166 patients with CSU were included. Compared with the placebo, the omalizumab group significantly improved UAS7 = 0, UAS7 ≤ 6, and the percentage of ISS7 MID responders. Over the order of publication time, drug dose, and sample size increased, the efficacy had become more stable and accurate. It was recommended to increase studies with high quality and large samples and to reduce blind repetitive RCTs to avoid wasting scientific and medical resources.
Assessment of the early impact of different doses of radiotherapy on bone structure in mice using Micro-CT Scanning and biomechanical testing
Authors: Jia Cheng , Yang Hui , Xin Yue , Li Changqin , Yao Qianqian , Liu Qi , Hu Bei , Yuan Xiaoqing , Qin Jian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective: To establish a mice model of systemic bone injury induced by different doses of radiation, and evaluate the effects of different radiation doses on bone microstructure and biomechanical properties.
Methods and materials: Forty female healthy C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (N = 8 in each group): the control group (0 Gy) received no irradiation, the other four groups received single dose whole body irradiation of 1 Gy, 3 Gy, 6 Gy, 9 Gy, respectively. One week after irradiation, bilateral femurs and L5 lumbar vertebrae were dissected completely for micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT) scanning, biological modulus detection and histomorphological observation. One-way design analysis of variance was used for comparison of measurement data among groups, and two-by-two comparisons between groups were performed using the Dunnet Test.
Results: Compared with the control group ,the differences of the bone microstructure indexes in low-dose group (1 Gy), including BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, Tb.Sp, Tb.Pf , Conn.D and Ct.Th, were not statistically significant (P>0.05), but the elastic modulus decreased significantly (P<0.05). In high-dose groups (3 Gy, 6 Gy, 9 Gy) , BV/TV, Tb. N, Conn.D decreased significantly (P<0.05) ,
Tb. Sp and Tb.Pf increased significantly (P<0.05) and elastic modulus decreased significantly (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Low-dose (1 Gy) radiotherapy had little effect on bone microstructure, but significant effect on bone biomechanical properties; while higher dose radiotherapy had both significant effect on bone microstructure and biomechanical properties, which leaded to the destruction of bone microstructure and the decrease of bone strength.
Seasonal variation in growth rates of stalked barnacles (Lepas spp.): A proxy for floating time in temperate marine ecosystems
Authors: Goehlich Henry , Luna-Jorquera Guillermo , Picard André-Philippe Drapeau , Pantoja José , Tala Fadia , Thiel Martin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Gooseneck barnacles of the genus Lepas are sessile crustaceans settling and growing on free-floating substrata. They can be used as indicators for floating time of objects such as plastic, algae, airplane wrecks or human corpses. Precise estimates of floating time are only possible when accurate growth rates of Lepas are known. However, many factors modulate the growth of these crustaceans, making floating time estimates difficult. In this study, we measured growth rates of L. australis and L. anatifera in the Central Humboldt Current System over two consecutive summer and winter seasons. Growth patterns were best described by a logistic growth curve. Using the asymptotic value (maximum size) for each species and each season, we selected the linear phase of growth to fit simple predictive linear models to estimate floating time. Growth rates of L. anatifera were almost twice as high in the warmer summer months compared to the winter season suggesting that growth rates are strongly associated with temperature. Consequently, seasonal or regional growth rates are required to precisely estimate floating time of objects at sea.
Emergence of Hexahydrocannabinol as a psychoactive drug of abuse in e-cigarette liquids
Authors: Hachem Mayssa , Alkhuwaildi Buthaina , Tamim Fayza Bin , Altamimi Mohamad J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have tremendously grown into societies. Due to the absence of regulation and standardization in their production, electronic cigarette liquids (e-liquids) present a complex matrix and a debate on their use and efficiency within the public health community. E-liquids are introduced into a delivery device that might include drugs of abuse such as cannabinoids. Despite the health problems associated, novel cannabis vaporizer ingredients continue to arise, such as Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), Dronabinol (aka Δ9-THC) and Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC). The aim of the present study was to investigate drugs of abuse in e-cigarettes seized by Dubai Police. Four e-liquids were analyzed through Gas Chromatography-Electron Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (GC-EI-MS). Our results showed that all seized e-cigarettes contained HHC and Dronabinol whereas 75% of samples contain Δ8-THC. Our study revealed a rapid and sensitive GC-MS approach to detect newly trending cannabinoids in a short period of time (30 min/sample) in e-liquids. These findings could be helpful in further investigations considering the rapid evolution of e-cigarettes as mean for delivery of drugs of abuse and the critical need to make lawmakers aware of the legal loopholes used by manufacturers where “legal” drugs of abuse can be delivered to your door without consequences for the sellers.
Impact of a pneumatic surgical robot with haptic feedback function on surgical manipulation
Authors: Ueda Yuichiro , Miyahara So , Tokuishi Keita , Nakajima Hiroyasu , Waseda Ryuichi , Shiraishi Takeshi , Sato Toshihiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although robotic-assisted surgery has the advantages of low patient burden and high precision without unsteady hand movements, the lack of tactile sensations may result in unexpected iatrogenic organ damage. The Saroa (Riverfield Inc., Tokyo, Japan) is a pneumatically driven robot that provides real-time haptic feedback to the surgeon. Using the Saroa robot, six examinees performed puffed rice transfer and four of them performed pig lung resection tasks with the feedback function turned on and off. The puffed rice transfer task consisted of transferring 20 grains of puffed rice from the left to the right compartment in the training box. The mean grasping forces during the puffed rice transfer task with the haptic feedback function turned on and off were 0.63 N and 2.14 N, respectively (P = 0.003). The mean grasping forces during the pig lung resection task were lower with the feedback turned on than turned off. The force applied to the forceps was weaker in both tasks when the haptic feedback function was turned on, suggesting that the feedback function allows gentler handling of tissues, improving patient safety during robotic surgery.
Molecular dynamics simulation of the distribution of potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate in water
Authors: jing xianwu , Zhou Lang , Li Shengtao , Xu Yuan , Liu Qiang , Fu Ziyi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

We used the molecular dynamics method to simulate the behavior of potassium perfluorohexanesulfonate (KPFOS) in water/gas system. The results indicate that PFOS-can spontaneously migrate to the water/gas interface and form a layered structure with hydrophobic tail chains facing the gas phase and hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups immersed in the water phase, while some PFOS-molecules within the solution formed spherical micelles. Both the number density and charge density distributions confirm that PFOS-and K+are mainly distributed at the water/gas interface, and a small amount of PFOS-and K+are distributed in the bulk solution. Based on the results of radial distribution function, the probability of K+appearing near oxygen atoms in PFOS-is very high due to electrostatic attraction. Based on the IGMH analysis, the oxygen atoms in PFOS-can form multiple hydrogen bonds with adjacent water molecules, while there is only weak van der Waals interaction between K+and water molecules.
The learning curve for modified hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic living donor nephrectomy
Authors: Shang Limin , Zheng Mengmeng , Wang Zhipeng , Zhu Yichen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background: We aimed to introduce our modified hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic living donor nephrectomy (HARPLDN) technique and define the learning curve.
Methods: One hundred thirty-eight kidney donors who underwent modified HARPLDN by the same surgeon between May 2015 and March 2022 were included. A cumulative sum (CUSUM) learning curve analysis was performed with the total operation time as the study outcome.
Results: In total, the mean operative time was 138.2±32.1 min. The median warm ischemic time (WIT) and estimated blood loss were 90 s and 50 ml, respectively. The learning curve for the total operative time was best modeled as a second-order polynomial with the following equation: CUSUMOT (min) = (–0.09 case number2) + (12.88 case number) – 67.77 (R2 = 0.7875; p＜0.05). The CUSUM learning curve included the following three unique phases: phase 1 (the initial 41 cases), representing the initial learning curve; phase 2 (the middle 43 cases), representing expert competence; and phase 3 (the final 54 cases), representing mastery. The overall 6-month graft survival rate was 99.3%, with 94.9% immediate onset of graft function without delayed graft function and 0.7% ureteral complications.
Conclusions: Our modified method is safe and effective for living donor nephrectomy and has the advantages of a shorter operating time and optimized WIT. The surgeon can become familiar with the modified HARPLDN after 41 cases and effectively perform the next 97 cases.
Comparative Analysis of the Expansion Rate and Soil Erodibility Factor of Some Gullies in Nnewi and Nnobi, Southeastern Nigeria.
Authors: Nzereogu Stella Kosi , Igwe Ogbonnaya , Emeh Chukwuebuka Odinaka , Ukor Kelechi Paulinus , Echezona Pearl Elochukwu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The study involved an integration of field observations, geotechnical analysis, slope stability analysis, gully expansion rate analysis and determination of the soil erodibility factor (K). Fifteen representative gullies were studied extensively. The Grain size distribution analysis revealed that the soils are composed of gravel (5.77–17.67% and 7.01–13.65%), sand (79.90-91.01% and 82.47–88.67%), and fines (2.36–4.05% and 3.78–5.02%) for Nnewi and Nnobi respectively. The cohesion and internal friction angle values range from 1–5kPa and 2-5kPa and from 29–38° and 30–34° for Nnewi and Nnobi respectively, which suggests that the soils have low shear strength and are susceptible to shear failure. The plasticity index (PI) of the fines showed that they are nonplastic to low plastic soils and highly liquefiable with values ranging from 0–10% and 0–9% for Nnewi and Nnobi respectively. Slope stability analysis gave factor of safety (FoS) values in the range of 0.50–0.76 and 0.82–0.95 for saturated condition and 0.73–0.98 and 0.87–1.04 for unsaturated condition for both Nnewi and Nnobi respectively indicating that the slopes are generally unstable to critically stable. The erosion expansion rate analysis for a fifteen-year period (2005–2020) revealed an average longitudinal expansion rate of 36.05m/yr and 10.76m/yr for Nnewi and Nnobi gullies respectively. The soil erodibility factor (K) are 8.57x10− 2 and 1.62x10− 4 for Nnewi and Nnobi respectively indicating that the soils in Nnewi have higher erodibility potentials than those of Nnobi. Conclusively, both the Nnewi and Nnobi areas are highly prone to erosion.
A Comprehensive Exploration of the Relationships between Structural Vulnerability Factors and Gestational Weight Gain Pre-COVID-19: A Scoping Review
Authors: Labonté Jocelyne M , Clark Emily , Dumas Alex , Savard Claudia , Fournier Karine , O’Connor Sarah , Morisset Anne-Sophie , Fontaine-Bisson Bénédicte 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:Insufficient and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) have emerged as rising public health concerns affecting the majority of pregnant women in high-income countries, and are associated with a multitude of adverse maternal and infant health outcomes. The goal of this scoping review was to identify key structural vulnerability factors related to GWG and to examine the extent, range, and nature of research examining associations between those factors and GWG before the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Electronic searches were performed in October 2018, and updated in August 2019 in the databases MEDLINE(R) ALL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Sociological Abstracts. Studies included needed to be set in high-income countries, have pregnant participants and an observational methodological design with inferential statistics performed between one or more structural vulnerability factors and GWG.
Results: Of the 11,382 citations identified through database searches, 157 articles were included in the review. The structural vulnerability factors most commonly studied in association with GWG were race and ethnicity (n=91 articles), age (n=87), parity (n=48), education (n=44), income (n=39), marital status (n=28), immigration (n=19) and abuse (n=12). Moststudies were conducted in the USA (77%), a majority reported significant associations between these factors and GWG and 34% were specific to a population where all individuals were affected by one of more structural vulnerability factors. Race and ethnicity stood out as the most extensively studied factor; i.e., for the longest period (since 1976), with the highest number of published articles, the largest sample size (n=7,966,573) and the second highest (79%) proportion of studies reporting a significant relationship with GWG, with immigration status having the highest proportion (95%).
Conclusions: To advance knowledge on the causes and consequences of excessive and insufficient GWG, research should extend beyond the USA and adopt an intersectional approach to unravel the complex interplay between social context, interacting structural vulnerability factors and specific measures of GWG. Such knowledge is required for the prevention of detrimental impacts on both maternal and offspring health.
The Effects of Medial Soft Tissue Release for Varus Deformity during Medial Open Wedge Supramalleolar Osteotomy: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Kwak Dai-Soon , Woo Inha , Lee Jung-min , Park Chul Hyun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) can redistribute the mechanical axis and balance the load on the joint in the varus ankle osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate not only the effect of fibular osteotomy but the effects of release of medial soft tissue (posterior tibialis tendon (PTT), deep deltoid ligaments) which act as medial stabilizing structures in medial open wedge SMO.
Methods
Twelve fresh frozen human legs were obtained and disarticulated below the knee. All experiments were conducted in four steps. First, medial open wedge tibial osteotomy was done. Second, a fibular osteotomy was performed in an inferomedial direction at the same level as that of the tibial osteotomy. Third, the deep deltoid ligament was released from the tibial attachments. Last, the total tenotomy of the PTT was performed behind the medial malleolus. After finishing each step, contact area, peak pressure and mean pressure were measured in the tibiotalar and talofibular joints.
Results
Fibular osteotomy after medial open wedge SMO significantly decreased the mean and peak pressures in the talofibular joint. The medial soft tissue release showed a remarkable lateral shift and decrease in tibiotalar joint loading.
Conclusions
Surgeons should take into account these effects of fibular osteotomy and medial soft tissue release in open wedge SMO. Adequate release of the deltoid ligament and PTT could be a useful technique to minimize the tibiotalar joint stress.
Finite-temperature critical behaviors in 2D long-range quantum Heisenberg model
Authors: Zhao Jiarui , Meng Zi Yang , Qi Yang , Song Menghan , Rong Juncheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The well-known Mermin-Wagner theorem prohibits the existence of finite-temperature spontaneous continuous symmetry breaking phase in systems with short-range (SR) interactions at spatial dimension $D\le 2$. For long-range (LR) interaction with monotonic power-law form ($1/r^{\alpha}$), the theorem further forbids a ferro- or antiferromagnetic order at finite temperature when $\alpha\ge 2D$. However, the situation for $\alpha \in (2,4)$ at $D=2$ is beyond the predicting power of the theorem and the situation is still unclear. Here we address this question by large-scale quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations, accompanied with field theoretical analysis. We find the spontaneous breaking of the $SU(2)$ symmetry for $\alpha \in (2,4)$ in ferromagnetic Heisenberg model with $1/r^{\alpha}$ interaction at $D=2$, and obtain the accurate critical exponents by finite-size analysis for $\alpha<3$ where the system is above the upper critical dimension with Gaussian fixed point and for $3\le\alpha<4$ where the system is below the upper critical dimension with non-Gaussian fixed point. Our results reveal the novel critical behaviors in 2D LR Heisenberg models and will intrigue further experimental studies of quantum materials with LR interaction beyond the realm of the Mermin-Wagner theorem.
Interaction of genital microbiota in infertile couples
Authors: Baud David , Peric Adriana , Vidal Angela , Weiss Jürgen M. , Engel Philipp , Das Sudip , Stojanov Milos 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Bacteria colonise most of the human body and the genital tract is not an exception. While it has been known for decades that a vaginal microbiota exists, other genital sites have traditionally been viewed as sterile environments, with bacterial presence associated only with pathological conditions. However, recent studies identified specific patterns of bacterial colonisation in most genital sites. Shifts in the bacterial colonisation of the female genital tract have been linked to impairment of reproduction and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth. The goal of this project is to understand the association between the genital microbiota of couples seeking assisted procreation aid and the outcome of this treatment. Male and female partners were considered as a unit (“couple microbiota”) and the interaction between their microbiota will be evaluated.
Results
We have characterised microbial samples coming from vaginal and penile swabs, as well as follicular fluid and semen, using next generation sequencing (16S rRNA profiling). The results revealed variability in bacterial biomass across different sample types, with Lactobacillus spp. dominating in vaginal and follicular fluid samples. Male samples exhibited higher diversity and harboured bacterial genera previously associated with negative obstetrical and gynecological outcomes. In addition, we found evidence of inter-partner microbiota interaction, indicating possible bacterial transmission between partners.
Conclusions
With this project, we aimed to gain a better understanding of how the male genital microbiota could influence the lower (vagina) and upper (follicular fluid) female genital tracts. Our results suggest a very limited impact of male microbiota on the female bacterial colonisation, although the information about the sexual activity of the couples involved in the study was missing. Future research should focus on understanding the influence of sexual activity on microbial composition and stability in different genital sites, especially in the case of infertile couples.
A Post-Topology Optimization Process for Overhang Elimination in Additive Manufacturing: Design Workflow and Experimental Investigation
Authors: Ibhadode Osezua , Zhang Zhidong , Bonakdar Ali , Toyserkani Ehsan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although structural design complexities do not potentially pose challenges to many additive manufacturing technologies, several manufacturing constraints should be considered in the design process. One critical constraint is the structure's unsupported or overhanging features. If these features are not reduced or eliminated, they can cause a decline in part surface quality, inhibit print success, or increase production time and cost due to support removal. To eliminate these features, a new post-topology optimization strategy is proposed. The design problem is first topologically optimized, then boundary identification and overhang detection are carried out. Next, additional support-free struts subject to a specified thickness and angle are introduced to support previously detected infeasible features. This addition can increase the structure’s volume; therefore, an optional volume correction stage is introduced to obtain a new but lower volume fraction which will be used in the final topology optimization, boundary identification, and overhang elimination stages. Experimental and numerical load-displacement relationships are established for varying overhang angle thresholds and minimum feature sizes.
Diffusion of Innovation: A 10 Year Review of the Adoption of Robotics in Fellowship Training
Authors: Weis Joshua J. , Wilson Erik , Tellez Juan , Scott Daniel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background: Robotic assisted surgery has existed for 20 + years but uptake has been slow among general surgery specialties. This study aimed to exam utilization trends in robotic general surgery in the decade prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We reviewed 10 years of Fellowship Council case logs from the 2010 academic year to the 2019 academic year. The mean volumes of robotic cases per fellow were compared using ANOVA. We also stratified cases into six index categories (i.e. bariatric, foregut, colorectal, major HPB, inguinal hernia, and ventral hernia) for additional analysis. We also analyzed the stage of adoption of robotic surgery according to the popular diffusion of innovation theory.Results: We analyzed 648,858 cases performed by 2,099 fellows (mean 309 cases/fellow/year). The mean robotic volume grew from 3.6 robotic cases per fellow in 2010 to 49.5 robotic cases per fellow in 2019 (p < 1x10− 33). As a share of all cases performed, robotic surgery within FC fellowships grew from 1.3% of all operations in 2010 to 15.1% of all operations in 2019. Early in the decade, robotic utilization and growth was restricted to innovators and early adopters; however, significant growth in utilization by the early majority started in 2014 and was sustained for the remainder of the decade. Utilization among the late majority began increasing late in the decade but remains low overall.Conclusions: Utilization of robotics in general surgery is growing rapidly across multiple case types and projects to overtake laparoscopy as the dominant approach in Fellowship Council programs by 2024.