bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective look at developments in size exclusion chromatography from the early Hamielec research era to the present day
Authors: McManus Neil T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAt the start of Archie Hamielec's research career, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) (including gel permeation chromatography [GPC]) was in its infancy as an analytical and preparative laboratory technique in polymer science and engineering. As described below, Archie Hamielec saw its potential early in his academic career and was among the group of pioneers who took it from a developing technique to what it is now. His group's work was instrumental in improving the understanding of the mechanism of separation in SEC and setting up best procedures for sample handling. In addition, much work was done to assess detectors to improve data collection and to obtain consistent/reliable measurements. Importantly, he established it as a key method for obtaining molecular size information to support research in polymer reaction engineering. Nowadays we take it for granted that we can use SEC to obtain molecular weight data rapidly and reliably with user‐friendly computer‐aided analyses. This ease of routine practicality stems from the base that the early researchers built. Although now it is a well‐developed (almost ‘black box’) method there are still areas of novel interest into analysis of complex polymer samples. This has led to modern developments forging ahead in expanding the applicability of SEC as an analytical technique with the exploitation of multi‐detector systems and novel detectors.
Fluorescence Imaging of Nanoparticle Uptake into Liquid‐Liquid Phase‐Separated Droplets
Authors: Kojima Keitaro , Tomita Shunsuke , Kamimura Masao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLiquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS) in living cells has received considerable attention in the biomedical research field. This study is the first to report nanoparticle (NP) uptake into LLPS droplets. Fluorescent dye, Nile red loaded polystyrene NPs (NR‐PSt NPs) uptake into model LLPS droplets consisting of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and poly‐L‐lysine (PLL) was visualized using fluorescence imaging. Fluorescence imaging showed that the LLPS droplets had a quick NP uptake behavior. Furthermore, temperature changes (4–37 °C) significantly affected the NP uptake behavior of the LLPS droplets. Moreover, the NP‐incorporated droplets displayed high stability under strong ionic strength conditions (1 M NaCl). ATP measurements displayed that ATP was released from the NP‐incorporated droplets, indicating that the weakly negatively charged ATP molecules and strongly negatively charged NPs were exchanged, which resulted in the high stability of the LLPS droplets. These fundamental findings will contribute to the LLPS studies using various NPs.
Development of bandwidth‐enhanced X–Ku band reflectarray antenna using a novel design strategy
Authors: Narayanasamy Kavitha , Mohammed Gulam Nabi Alsath , Karthie S. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis paper reports the development of a reflectarray (RA) antenna using overlapping tri‐resonance phase distribution to produce enhanced bandwidth performance in X/Ku band frequencies. The RA with square aperture (24 cm) operating from 11 to 15.8 GHz is constructed using unit cells with concentric Malta cross and square ring developed on Diclad substrate isolated from the ground through a 2.5‐mm air layer. Variation in the concentric element's size along with the length of the delay line connected to the square ring offers a 518° phase range. The distribution of the 529 RA elements is done using the phase variations observed at 12, 13, and 14 GHz. The optimized design of the proposed antenna offers a simulated peak gain of 27.43 dBi at 12 GHz and a 1‐dB gain bandwidth of 38%. The experimental validation of the fabricated prototype exhibits a peak gain of 27.4 dBi at 12 GHz with a sidelobe level (SLL), and cross‐polarization level less than −15.6 dB, and −28 dB respectively, and a 1‐dB gain bandwidth of 37%. The enhanced performance characteristics of the proposed X/Ku wideband reflectarray antenna befit the uplink and downlink operations of fixed satellite services (FSS).
Comparing ICD‐11 and DSM‐5 eating disorder diagnoses with the Munich eating and feeding disorder questionnaire (ED‐Quest)
Authors: Quadflieg Norbert , Voderholzer Ulrich , Meule Adrian , Fichter Manfred Maximilian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe new ICD‐11 eating disorders (ED) guidelines are similar to the DSM‐5 criteria. One difference to the DSM‐5 is the inclusion of subjective binges in the definition of bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge‐eating disorder (BED). The aim of this study was to identify differences between the ICD‐11 guidelines and DSM‐5 ED criteria, which could impact access to medical care and early treatment.MethodData of 3863 ED inpatients who completed the Munich Eating and Feeding Disorder Questionnaire were analyzed using standardized diagnostic algorithms for DSM‐5 and ICD‐11.ResultsAgreement of diagnoses was high (Krippendorff's α = .88, 95% CI [.86, .89]) for anorexia nervosa (AN; 98.9%), BN (97.2%) and BED (100%), and lower for other feeding and eating disorders (OFED; 75.2%). Of the 721 patients with a DSM‐5 OFED, 19.8% were diagnosed with AN, BN or BED by the ICD‐11 diagnostic algorithm, reducing the number of OFED diagnoses. One‐hundred and twenty‐one patients received an ICD‐11 diagnosis of BN or BED because of subjective binges.DiscussionFor over 90% of patients, applying either DSM‐5 or ICD‐11 diagnostic criteria/guidelines resulted in the same full‐threshold ED diagnosis. Sub‐threshold and feeding disorders exhibited a discrepancy of 25%.Public Significance StatementFor about 98% of inpatients, the ICD‐11 and DSM‐5 agree on the same specified eating disorder diagnosis. This is important when comparing diagnoses made by different diagnostic systems. Including subjective binges in the definition of bulimia nervosa and binge‐eating disorder contributes to improved ED diagnoses. Clarifying the wording of diagnostic criteria at several places could further increase this agreement.
Survival of overwintering nymphs of the small brown planthopper and its contribution to emergence timing
Authors: Matsukura Keiichiro , Sanada‐Morimura Sachiyo , Fujii Tomohisa , Matsumura Masaya , Shiba Takuya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study developed a model for predicting the emergence timing of the first generation of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus, by clarifying the effects of low temperature on survival and development of overwintering nymphs. In laboratory experiments, only temperatures below 0°C decreased nymph survival, although indirect chilling injury began to occur at about 4°C. No nymphs survived for longer than 7 days at −4°C. The developmental zero of overwintering nymphs was estimated to be 5.18°C. A model developed based on these survival and development parameters accurately predicted the distribution and emergence timing of the first generation of L. striatellus in the Kyushu region of Japan. Under future climate conditions predicted by the HadGEM2‐ES and MRI‐CGCM3 climate models under the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 projections, L. striatellus is expected to show range expansion and advancement of emergence timing, although the degree of change varies among models and projections. Gaining a precise understanding of the overwintering biology of insect pests such as L. striatellus will help us accurately evaluate and predict future risks to crops under climate change.
Construction of β‐Phenylalanine Derivatives through Pd‐Catalyzed, C(sp2)−H (ortho) Functionalization
Authors: Narang Urja , Singh Prabhakar , Arulananda Babu Srinivasarao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper describes the Pd(II)‐catalyzed, picolinamide‐directing‐group‐aided C(sp2)−H (ortho) functionalization of racemic and enantiopure β‐phenylalanines and 3‐amino‐3‐phenylpropanols (1,3‐amino alcohols). The C(sp2)−H (ortho) functionalizations including arylation, bromination, iodination, and alkoxylation were attempted. The C(sp2)−H (ortho) arylation reactions gave biaryl or terphenyl‐type β‐phenylalanine scaffolds, halogenation and methoxylation reactions gave ortho C−H halogenated or methoxylated β‐phenylalanines. Additionally, the C−H arylation of an ortho‐methyl substituted β‐phenylalanine containing both C(sp2)−H and remote C(sp3)−H bonds was investigated. β‐Phenylalanine is an arylated β‐amino acid motif present in various natural products, bioactive molecules, and β‐peptides and it is a precursor to medicinally active compounds. Accordingly, this work contributes to the expansion of the library of unnatural β‐phenylalanine (β‐amino acid) derivatives through site‐selective C−H functionalization.
Functional roles and cancer variants of the bifunctional glycosylase NEIL2
Authors: Hua Anh B. , Sweasy Joann B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOver 70,000 DNA lesions occur in the cell every day, and the inability to properly repair them can lead to mutations and destabilize the genome, resulting in carcinogenesis. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is critical for maintaining genomic integrity by repairing small base lesions, abasic sites and single‐stranded breaks. Monofunctional and bifunctional glycosylases initiate the first step of BER by recognizing and excising specific base lesions, followed by DNA end processing, gap filling, and finally nick sealing. The Nei‐like 2 (NEIL2) enzyme is a critical bifunctional DNA glycosylase in BER that preferentially excises cytosine oxidation products and abasic sites from single‐stranded, double‐stranded, and bubble‐structured DNA. NEIL2 has been implicated to have important roles in several cellular functions, including genome maintenance, participation in active demethylation, and modulation of the immune response. Several germline and somatic variants of NEIL2 with altered expression and enzymatic activity have been reported in the literature linking them to cancers. In this review, we provide an overview of NEIL2 cellular functions and summarize current findings on NEIL2 variants and their relationship to cancer.
Early initiation of breastfeeding, bottle feeding, and experiencing feeding challenges are associated with malnutrition
Authors: Garti Humphrey , Bukari Mohammed , Wemakor Anthony 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMalnutrition remains a public health concern amidst low proportions of the core infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, yet, data on specific child feeding practices that are associated with undernutrition are rare. Hence, this study sought to assess child feeding practices and their association with undernutrition among young children. An analytical cross‐sectional design was used among mothers/caregivers with children aged 6–23 months, attending child welfare clinics in Techiman municipality, Ghana. Simple random sampling was used to select 8 health facilities, and 403 participants were selected from those facilities using proportional stratification. A 24‐h dietary recall based on seven food groups was used to collect data on children's dietary intake and used to derive WHO child feeding indicators. The length, weight, and age of children were taken and used to compute anthropometric z‐scores. The proportions of children who met their minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) were 44%, 56%, and 36% respectively. Children 6–8 months [AOR=2.24, CI (1.037–4.841); p = .04] and 9‐11 months [AOR=2.47, CI (1.096–5.573); p = .029], those who were not breastfed within the first hour of delivery [AOR = 3.56, CI (1.833–6.912), p < .001], and those who were bottle fed [AOR = 2.87, CI (1.374–5.973); p = .005] were more likely to be wasted. Children 6–8 months [AOR = 0.29, CI (0.126–0.672); p = .004] and 9–11 months [AOR = 0.24, CI (0.104–0.544); p = .001] and those who experienced feeding challenges [AOR = 0.52, CI (0.301–0.905); p = 0.021] were protected against stunting. The percentages of children who met their MDD, MMF, and MAD were low and not associated with undernutrition. Early initiation of breastfeeding and bottle feeding were associated with acute malnutrition and experiencing feeding challenges was associated with chronic malnutrition. Promoting appropriate child feeding practices can reduce the risk of undernutrition.
Effects of antimicrobial peptide and tributyrin on fecal microflora and blood indices of female calves
Authors: Gao Junling , Dong Jianan , Sun Zhe , Wang Tao , Guan Yanling , Sun Yue , Qin Guixin , Zhang Xuefeng , Zhen Yuguo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and tributyrin (TB) on dairy calves in terms of growth performance, immunity, oxidative stress, and intestinal microflora. A total of 40 female calves were divided into four treatment groups (n = 10): basal diet +0.015% essential oil, basal diet +0.03% AMP, basal diet +0.15% TB, and basal diet +0.03% AMP + 0.15% TB. AMP and TB supplementation increased the average daily gain (ADG) and weaning weight, while reducing diarrhea occurrence. Additionally, AMP and TB supplementation reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA), while increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels. However, the combined use of AMP and TB did not significantly affect the average daily feed intake, ADG, weaning weight, or diarrhea incidence but decreased ROS levels, while increasing SOD levels as well as MDA and IgM levels. Moreover, AMP and TG supplementation increased the relative abundance of several beneficial fiber‐ and mucin‐degrading bacteria in the gut, in contrast to combined AMP and TB supplementation. The 16S rRNA results showed that AMP supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG‐014 and [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes group (p < .01), and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG‐005 and Christensenellaceae_R‐7_group (p < .01). The TB supplementation significantly increased the abundances of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Ruminococcaceae_UCG‐005 (p < .01), and significantly decreased the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae_UCG‐014, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes group and Christensenellaceae_R‐7_group (p < .01). The combined use of AMP and TB significantly increased the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Bacteroides (p < .01), and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG‐014, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes group and Christensenellaceae_R‐7_group (p < .01). In summary, diets supplemented with either AMP or TB improved the intestinal microflora, growth performance, and health of weaned calves, but combined use was detrimental to calf performance.
Proteolysis and therapeutic potential of bioactive peptides derived from Cheddar cheese
Authors: Shafique Bakhtawar , Murtaza Mian Anjum , Hafiz Iram , Ameer Kashif , Basharat Shahnai , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCheddar cheese‐derived bioactive peptides are considered a potential component of functional foods. A positive impact of bioactive peptides on diet‐related chronic, non‐communicable diseases, like obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, has been observed. Bioactive peptides possess multifunctional therapeutic potentials, including antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory effects, anti‐thrombotic, and phyto‐pathological activities against various toxic compounds. Peptides can regulate human immune, gastrointestinal, hormonal, and neurological responses, which play an integral role in the deterrence and treatment of certain diseases like cancer, osteoporosis, hypertension, and other health disorders, as described in the present review. This review summarizes the categories of the Cheddar cheese‐derived bioactive peptides, their general characteristics, physiological functions, and possible applications in healthcare.
The predictability of iron ore futures prices: A product‐material lead–lag effect
Authors: He Mengxi , Wang Yudong , Zhang Yaojie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the lead–lag effects between product futures and raw material futures. Results show that returns on product futures lead returns on raw material futures: lagged product futures returns can significantly predict raw material futures returns in‐ and out‐of‐sample. This product‐material lead–lag effect is mainly driven by bad news and is a short‐term phenomenon. Moreover, returns on product futures, especially those based on bad news, can provide substantial economic gains to investments in raw material futures. The lead–lag effect is associated with frictions in the information diffusion from product futures markets to raw material futures markets and the slower response of raw material futures markets to common market information.
Digitizing Ottoman daily weather observations of Halkali Agricultural School in Istanbul, Turkiye (1896–1917)
Authors: Yilmaz Ferhat , Tsamados Michel , Osborn Dan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDaily weather observations measured by students and staff at Halkali Agricultural School (a school opened in 1892 on agriculture and animal husbandry during the Ottoman period) from 1896 to 1917 in Istanbul, Turkiye have been transcribed from the original publications into digital form and translated from Ottoman Turkish (the Perso‐Arabic script) to English (Latin alphabet). Over 55,000 observations of daily maximum, minimum and average temperature; rainfall, soil and under soil (0.25 m) temperature; humidity, pressure and wind speed were recovered. In addition, weather observations taken in Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute from 1911 to 1936 and taken in Florya Meteorological Station from 1937 to 2022 could inform long‐term temperature changes in Istanbul. The publication of a new historical data set that includes, for the first time, digitized and quality‐controlled daily meteorological observations in Istanbul will enhance the understanding of weather changes in Turkiye back to the late 19th century. These observations will be used to fill gaps in existing temperature and pressure records and to the improvement of the accuracy of reanalysis products prior to the 1950s. It will be the first data set publication of other parameters such as soil temperature, wind speed and humidity for that period in that region. Data are available on the CEDA Archive in csv file format.
Herausforderung Bodenklassifizierung – Möglichkeiten und Vorteile der Drucksondierung
Authors: Oberhollenzer Simon , Hauser Laurin , Marte Roman , Tschuchnigg Franz , Schweiger Helmut F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBaugrundgutachten, welche die Klassifizierung der Untergrundverhältnisse beinhalten, sind die Grundlage für Projektierungsarbeiten und oftmals eine wesentliche Vertragsgrundlage für die Vergabe von Bauleistungen. Verschiedene Standards, z. B. die ISO 14688‐1 und der Unified Soil Classification System (USCS), werden in der Praxis herangezogen, um den Boden basierend auf seiner Korngrößenverteilung und Plastizität zu charakterisieren. Alternativ kann eine indirekte Klassifizierung mittels Drucksondierungen unter Verwendung von Bodenverhaltensdiagrammen erfolgen. Im gegenständlichen Beitrag werden die Klassifizierungsansätze basierend auf den physikalischen Eigenschaften des Bodens (ISO 14688‐1, USCS) und Ergebnisse von In‐situ‐Tests, an diversen Versuchsfeldern und Baustellen verglichen. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass die Bodenverhaltensdiagramme nach Robertson (2009, 2016) und Schneider et al. (2008) in alpinen Beckenverfüllungen zur Abschätzung der Korngrößenverteilung verwendet werden können, wenngleich in feinkörnigen Böden eine bessere Übereinstimmung mit dem USCS, im Vergleich zur ISO 14688‐1, erzielt wird. Zusätzlich wurden neue Klassifizierungen für die Bodenverhaltensdiagramme entwickelt, welche einen verbesserten Rückschluss auf die Korngrößenverteilung ermöglichen. Weitere Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass eine Abschätzung der Korngrößenverteilung seitens des/der GeotechnikerIn in feinkörnigen Böden große Erfahrung benötigt und deutlich streuen kann.
Contingencies in the effects of job‐based pay dispersion on employee attitudes
Authors: Tenhiälä Aino , Kepes Sven , Jokela Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhen does pay dispersion elicit positive or negative employee attitudes? A review of the pay dispersion literature indicates a controversy around this vital question and suggests that numerous contingency factors moderate the effects of pay dispersion. In an empirical study of four Finnish companies consisting of 141 work units, we examine contingencies in attitudinal reactions to job‐based pay dispersion among blue‐collar workers. Based on archival pay data matched with employee survey responses (n = 536), we find that perceptions of pay basis legitimacy, task interdependence, and an individual's pay standing within the work unit explain the strength and direction of the relation between job‐based pay dispersion and employee attitudes (i.e., work engagement and organizational commitment). Our findings have implications for the design of pay systems and contribute to a better appreciation of the complexities underlying employee attitudinal responses to pay dispersion.
Rhine flood stories: Spatio‐temporal analysis of historic and projected flood genesis in the Rhine River basin
Authors: Rottler Erwin , Bronstert Axel , Bürger Gerd , Rakovec Oldrich 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe genesis of floods in large river basins often is complex. Streamflow originating from precipitation and snowmelt and different tributaries can superimpose and cause high water levels, threatening cities and communities along the riverbanks. For better understanding the mechanisms (origin and composition) of flood events in large and complex basins, we capture and share the story behind major historic and projected streamflow peaks in the Rhine River basin. Our analysis is based on hydrological simulations with the mesoscale Hydrological Model forced with both meteorological observations and an ensemble of climate projections. The spatio‐temporal analysis of the flood events includes the assessment and mapping of antecedent liquid precipitation, snow cover changes, generated and routed runoff, areal extents of events, and the above‐average runoff from major sub‐basins up to 10 days before a streamflow peak. We introduce and assess the analytical setup by presenting the flood genesis of the two well‐known Rhine floods that occurred in January 1995 and May 1999. We share our extensive collection of event‐based Rhine River flood genesis, which can be used in‐ and outside the scientific community to explore the complexity and diversity of historic and projected flood genesis in the Rhine basin. An interactive web‐based viewer provides easy access to all major historic and projected streamflow peaks at four locations along the Rhine. The comparison of peak flow genesis depending on different warming levels elucidates the role of changes in snow cover and precipitation characteristics in the (pre‐)Alps for flood hazards along the entire channel of the Rhine. Furthermore, our results suggest a positive correlation between flood magnitudes and areal extents of an event. Further hydro‐climatological research is required to improve the understanding of the climatic impact on the Rhine and beyond.