bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aortic branches and rete mirabile of the limbs of two‐toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus)
Authors: Fernandes Natacha Cintia Ferreira , Branco Érika , Freire Elisa Carla Barra , de Sousa Nogueira Lima André Luis , Giese Elane Guerreiro , Mesquita Ellen Yasmin Eguchi , de Lima Ana Rita 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCholoepus didactylus has reduced metabolism and difficulty in thermoregulation owing to its low body mass, and there are few studies related to the vascularization of abdominal and thoracic organs in this species. Therefore, we macroscopically described the arteries that comprise the aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta. Six specimens were used, and their arterial systems filled with red latex before fixation in 10% formaldehyde, and fragments of the rete mirabile were processed for histological analysis using light and scanning electron microscopy. In these species, the aortic arch had two branches: the brachiocephalic trunk and left subclavian artery. The initial portion of the abdominal aorta presented four different ramifications, besides to the peculiarities of the adrenal, renal, and iliac arteries. Microscopy of the rete mirabile revealed a muscular artery surrounded by smaller muscular arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatic tissue joined by connective tissue. Thus, the data obtained have clinical and surgical importance, with applicability in procedures involving vascularization of the thoracic and abdominal organs. We suggest that the rete mirabile is an efficient thermoregulatory structure because it allows the accumulation of blood and the countercurrent heat exchange, as there is no blood mixing.
Physical symptom burden in patients with desmoid‐type fibromatosis and its impact on health‐related quality of life and healthcare use
Authors: Schut Anne‐Rose W. , de Bruin Leanne E. , de Rooij Belle H. , Lidington Emma , Timbergen Milea J. M. , van der Graaf Winette T. A. , van Houdt Winan J. , Bonenkamp Johannes J. , Jones Robin L. , Grünhagen Dirk. J. , Sleijfer Stefan , Gennatas Spyridon , Verhoef Cornelis , Husson Olga 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDesmoid‐type fibromatosis (DTF) has a highly variable clinical course with varying intensity of symptoms. The objectives of this study were to identify subgroups of DTF patients based on physical symptom burden and to compare symptom burden subgroups on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and healthcare use (univariate and multivariate).MethodsDesmoid‐type fibromatosis patients from the United Kingdom and the Netherlands received cross‐sectional questionnaires on HRQoL (EORTC QLQ‐C30), DTF‐specific HRQoL (DTF‐QoL) and healthcare utilisation. Latent class cluster analysis was performed to identify subgroups based on patients' symptom burden using EORTC QLQ‐C30 and DTF‐QoL physical symptom items. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations of symptom burden with HRQoL and healthcare utilisation, respectively.ResultsAmong 235 DTF patients, four symptom burden clusters were identified, with low symptom burden (24%), intermediate symptom burden‐low pain (20%), intermediate symptom burden‐high pain (25%) and high symptom burden (31%). DTF patients with high symptom burden had clinically relevant lower HRQoL scores compared to patients with low and intermediate symptom burden (p < 0.001) and reported more general and DTF‐related visits to their general practitioner compared to the low symptom burden cluster (p < 0.01). In the multivariate analyses, symptom burden was independently associated with both HRQoL and healthcare utilisation.ConclusionsThis study identified four distinct subgroups of DTF patients based on their level of symptom burden, with a considerable number of patients being highly symptomatic. Knowledge of the level of symptom burden DTF patients experience can help to identify patients at risk of poorer outcomes and tailor supportive care to the individual needs of DTF patients.
Comparative evaluation of deep dense sequential and deep dense transfer learning models for suicidal emotion prediction
Authors: Sharma Akshita , Kaushik Baijnath , Chadha Akshma , Sharma Reya 
Published: April 2023

SummaryIn today's world, there is a lot of anxiety about suicidal thoughts that is conveyed on social media platforms, and people are now sharing all kinds of feelings on social media forums. The majority of them utilize social forums because they feel uncomfortable sharing privately. The study's objective is to analyze suicidal thoughts and identify them at an early stage by utilizing deep learning and transfer learning techniques. These algorithms are used to data gathered from users of Reddit forums who have suicidal thoughts as well as regular users who have non‐suicidal thoughts. For the aforementioned goal, we use techniques such as the transfer learning algorithms BERT, RoBERTa, and ALBERT, as well as BiLSTM and other deep learning algorithms. In contrast to the sequence processing model, our study demonstrates that the bidirectional long‐short term algorithm provides the best validation accuracy, while the pretrained models BERT and ALBERT also provide satisfactory accuracy.
Confluence morphodynamics in mountain rivers in response to intense tributary bedload input
Authors: St. Pierre Ostrander Théo , Holzner Johannes , Mazzorana Bruno , Gorfer Maria , Andreoli Andrea , Comiti Francesco , Gems Bernhard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCoarse sediment transported by steep mountain tributaries during channelized flash flood events with intense bed load transport poses a significant threat to life, property, and infrastructure. Intense bedload transport occurring in tributary channels and insufficient transport capacity of the main channel flow can provoke flooding at the confluence. Deposition in the confluence can lead to overbank flooding and sedimentation into adjacent settlement areas. Extensive research has been carried out investigating lowland river confluences, where it has been determined that the confluence angle and discharge ratio have the most significant influence on channel morphology and hydraulics. However, there is a lack of information concerning confluences with low width and discharge ratios, high sediment concentrations, and gradients, typically found in steep mountain channels. This study presents results from large‐scale laboratory experiments coupled with numerical modelling with a standardized river confluence geometry. Bedload transport capacities, the shape, and volume of the deposition zone in the confluence, bedload dispersion characteristics, hydraulic and morphological dynamics, and spatial boundaries were analysed for various discharges and sediment concentrations. The confluence angle was 90°, sediment concentration was 5%, 7.5%, and 10%, and the discharge ratio was 0.1. The model was designed to accommodate scale factors of 20–40. With this configuration, a set of experiments based on steady‐state hydraulic conditions was accomplished. Results show that when the discharge ratio and confluence angle are constant, different morphologies occur, indicating that in addition to the confluence angle and the discharge ratio, the sediment concentration, flow velocity, and unit stream power significantly impact both hydraulic and morphologic zones in the confluences of mountain rivers. Additionally, backwater effects upstream of the confluence, and sedimentation in the tributary channel increases with increasing sediment concentration, which not only influences confluence morphodynamics and hydraulics but also the potential for overbanking of both channels.
Prevalence and factors associated with disrespect and abuse among women who delivered in a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Ezeanochie Michael C. , Yamah Ofure E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and factors associated with disrespect and abuse during childbirth among women who delivered in a University Teaching Hospital using a validated tool.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Participants included women who presented for the 6‐week postnatal visit. The primary outcome was the experience of disrespect and abuse by the women in any of the thematic domains in the tool, namely friendly care, abuse‐free care, timely care, discrimination‐free care, abandonment, and non‐consented care.ResultsIn all, 200 participants were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of disrespect and abuse among the study population was 36.5%. Verbal abuse and untimely care were the commonest (15.5%). Nurses were mostly the perpetrators of disrespect and abuse. Maternal age, parity, and marital status among others were not significantly predictive of disrespect and abuse by respondents.ConclusionDisrespect and abuse from health workers during childbirth is a prevalent problem among women who delivered in the hospital. This undesirable experience of childbirth needs to be addressed by stakeholders in maternal health.
The associations between sport‐ and physical activity‐related concussions and suicidality, suicide capability, and hopelessness among high school adolescents
Authors: Bailey Alexis L. , Capron Daniel W. , Buerke Morgan L. , Bauer Brian W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundConcussions are associated with a variety of physical, cognitive, and mental health impairments. If sustained during adolescence, a time when the brain is undergoing development, the risk of long‐term impairments becomes heightened. This is a notable subject for investigation as many concussions are sustained among adolescents during high school sports and other physical activities.MethodsWe used data from the 2019 United States Youth Risk Behavior Survey to investigate the association between concussions and suicidality (i.e., suicide ideation, planning, and attempts), suicide capability (i.e., physical fighting and weapon carrying), and hopelessness, a risk factor for suicide. We utilized a cross‐sectional design and used multivariate regression models and t tests for analysis.ResultsParticipants were 1754 adolescent students who sustained a concussion during the prior year (54.61% male; M age = 15.94) and 9795 adolescent students who did not sustain a concussion during the prior year (47.27% male; M age = 15.95). Females were less likely (13.23%) than males (17.12%) to report at least one concussion in the past 12 months. Both male and female students who had experienced a concussion were more likely to report physical fighting, weapon carrying, and hopelessness. Male students with a concussion history were also more likely to report suicide attempts than male students without a concussion history.ConclusionFindings indicate that concussions are associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts, suicide capability, and hopelessness among male adolescents and suicide capability and hopelessness among female adolescents. They further suggest a need for additional mental health support and safety policies for student‐athletes and other at‐risk adolescents.
Nitazoxanide and azithromycin for the early treatment of COVID‐19: A multi‐spectroscopic, biochemical and computational drug–drug interaction study
Authors: Ali Syed Abid , Abid Muhammad , Ahmed Ayaz , Wadood Abdul , Ahmed Shakil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, we present an experimental and theoretical drug–drug interaction study between nitazoxanide (NTZ) and azithromycin (AZT) in an aqueous solution. Interaction was studied by using UV/Vis, fluorescence, attenuated total reflectance‐fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR), and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, while molecular docking studies were performed to establish the interaction computationally. A bright yellow color was observed when the two drugs interacted, giving a hyperchromic band at 420 nm. The rate of absorbance was linearly increased by increasing drug concentrations and in a time‐dependent manner. Stability of the interaction complex (i.e., NTZ: AZT) was measured at variable temperatures (25–80°C), pH (5.0–10.0) and ionic strength (0.05–2.0 M NaCl), and not only proved stable but also retained antimicrobial potential with reduced cellular toxicity. Mole ratio and Job's method of continuous variations were used to establish the binding stoichiometry and found to be 2:1. The calculated binding constant (kb = 8,400 M−1) and Gibb's free energy (ΔG° = −22.4 KJ/mol) also suggested an energetically favorable interaction. FTIR spectra of NTZ: AZT complex in comparison with two drugs alone revealed significant interaction which was nicely complemented by molecular docking studies. Interaction was also successfully demonstrated in presence of carrier protein HSA and by spiking the two drugs in real samples of human plasma and urine.
LncRNA HOTAIRM1 promotes dental follicle stem cell‐mediated bone regeneration by regulating HIF‐1α/KDM6/EZH2/H3K27me3 axis
Authors: Chen Zhengyuan , Gan Liyi , Chen Xin , Zheng Jinxuan , Shi Songtao , Wu Liping , Cao Yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLarge bone defect reconstruction undergoes hypoxia and remains a major practical challenge. Bone tissue engineering with a more promising stem cell source facilitates the development of better therapeutic outcomes. Human dental follicle stem cells (hDFSCs) with superior multipotency, osteogenic capacity, and accessibility have been proven a promising cell source for bone regeneration. We previously identified a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), HOTAIRM1, to be highly expressed in hDFSCs. Here we found that HOTAIRM1 overexpressed hDFSCs promoted bone regeneration in rat critical‐size calvarial defect model. Mechanically, HOTAIRM1 was induced in hDFSCs under hypoxic conditions and activated HIF‐1α. RNA‐sequencing analysis indicated that HOTAIRM1 upregulated oxygen‐sensing histone demethylases KDM6A/B and suppressed methyltransferase EZH2 via targeting HIF‐1α. The osteogenic differentiation of hDFSCs was accompanied with demethylation of H3K27, and HOTAIRM1 overexpression decreased the distribution of H3K27me3 in osteogenic genes, including ALP, M‐CSF, Wnt‐3a, Wnt‐5a, Wnt‐7a, and β‐catenin, thus promoted their transcription. Our study provided evidence that HOTAIRM1 upregulated KDM6A/B and inhibited EZH2 in a HIF‐1α dependent manner to enhance the osteogenesis of hDFSCs. HOTAIRM1‐mediated hDFSCs may serve as a promising therapeutic approach to promote bone regeneration in clinical practice.
Large‐scale time‐lapse scanning electron microscopy image mosaic using a smooth stitching strategy
Authors: Zhao Binglu , Zhang Kaidi , Liu Peng , Chen Yuhang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to the trade‐off between the field of view and resolution of various microscopes, obtaining a wide‐view panoramic image through high‐resolution image tiles is frequently encountered and demanded in numerous applications. Here, we propose an automatic image mosaic strategy for sequential 2D time‐lapse scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. This method can accurately compute pairwise translations among serial image tiles with indeterminate overlapping areas. The detection and matching of feature points are limited by geographical coordinates, thus avoiding accidental mismatching. Moreover, the nonlinear deformation of the mosaic part is also taken into account. A smooth stitching field is utilized to gradually transform the perspective transformation in overlapping regions into the linear transformation in non‐overlapping regions. Experimental results demonstrate that better image stitching accuracy can be achieved compared with some other image mosaic algorithms. Such a method has potential applications in high‐resolution large‐area analysis using serial microscopy images.Research Highlights
An automatic image mosaic strategy for processing sequential scanning electron microscopy images is proposed.
A smooth stitching field is applied in the image mosaic.
Improved stitching accuracy is achieved compared with other conventional mosaic methods.
Effect of theaflavins on the quality of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) during refrigerated storage
Authors: Mao Jun‐long , Fu Jing‐jing , Qi Xue‐er , Chen Yue‐wen , Zhang Bin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDLarge yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is an economical marine fish consumed in China. Theaflavins have antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, there is a lack of research into their application in large yellow croakers during refrigerated storage. This study investigated the effect of theaflavins on the quality of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) during 12 days of storage at 4 °C.RESULTSThe results showed that theaflavin treatment was able to inhibit microbial growth and reduce the production of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N). Meanwhile, theaflavins were beneficial in reducing the unfolding of myofibrillar proteins, decreasing the degree of protein aggregation, and improving the stability of protein structure. The degree of protein oxidation was lower in a theaflavin‐treated group compared with an untreated group. Theaflavin treatment effectively inhibited increases in acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), and malonaldehyde (MDA) content. The effect of theaflavin was positively correlated with an increase in concentration under refrigeration conditions. This study therefore suggests that the use of theaflavins is a viable method for extending the period for which refrigerated large yellow croaker can be preserved.CONCLUSIONSAdding theaflavins to large yellow croaker can be an effective method for preserving quality during refrigerated storage. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
High‐resolution active‐matrix micro‐LED stretchable displays
Authors: Jung Haeyoon , Park Chan Il , Gee Moon Bae , Choi Jaekyung , Jeong Yu Ra , Min Sung Joon , Song Jun Hyuk , Lim Myung Sub , Kim Myungsung , Kim Taehyun , Ham Sujin , Lee Hyokang , Kim Heewon , Jeong In Tae , Kim Gi‐Hong , Yang Joon‐Young , Yoon Sooyoung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper describes the development of 12‐in. 100 PPI active‐matrix micro‐LED stretchable displays, capable of being stretched up to 20%. Our work has involved the development of key technologies such as stretchable interconnects, stretchable films, and micro‐LEDs and the integration process for these components. The stretchable displays exhibited various types of deformations, suggesting the potential for new applications in information display.
The Effect of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Collagen Incorporated with Exo‐Polysaccharides Derived from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa sp. on Burn Healing
Authors: Ghadimi Tayyeb , Naderi Gharahgheshlagh Soheila , Latifi Noorahmad , Hivechi Ahmad , Hosseinpour Sarmadi Vahid , Farokh Forghani Siamak , Amini Naser , B. Milan Peiman , Latifi Fatemeh , Hamidi Masoud , Larijani Ghazaleh , Haramshahi Seyed Mohammad Amin , Abdollahi Motahareh , Ghadimi Fatemeh , Nezari Saeed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBurn is one of the physically debilitating injuries that can be potentially fatal; therefore, providing appropriate coverage in order to reduce possible mortality risk and accelerate wound healing is mandatory. In this study, collagen/exo‐polysaccharide (Col/EPS 1–3%) scaffolds are synthesized from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) skins incorporated with Rhodotorula mucilaginosa sp. GUMS16, respectively, for promoting Grade 3 burn wound healing. Physicochemical characterizations and, consequently, biological properties of the Col/EPS scaffolds are tested. The results show that the presence of EPS does not affect the minimum porosity dimensions, while raising the EPS amount significantly reduces the maximum porosity dimensions. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), FTIR, and tensile property results confirm the successful incorporation of the EPS into Col scaffolds. Furthermore,the biological results show that the increasing EPS does not affect Col biodegradability and cell viability, and the use of Col/EPS 1% on rat models displays a faster healing rate. Finally, histopathological examination reveals that the Col/EPS 1% treatment accelerates wound healing, through greater re‐epithelialization and dermal remodeling, more abundant fibroblast cells and Col accumulation. These findings suggest that Col/EPS 1% promotes dermal wound healing via antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities, which can be a potential medical process in the treatment of burn wounds.
Synthesis and Structure‐Driven Acid‐Catalyzed Degradation of Benzoic Cyclic Acetal‐Labeled PEG Precursors toward Shell‐Sheddable PLA Block Copolymer Synthesis
Authors: Bawa Kamaljeet Kaur , Shetty Chaitra , Arezi Newsha , Oh Jung Kwon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of acid‐degradable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) precursors labeled with benzoic cyclic acetal (BzCA) is reported. To get an insight into their acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis, three precursors are designed with spacers exhibiting different inductive effects between PEG and BzCA linkage. The 1H‐NMR analysis confirms the order of increasing acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis to be ether > ester oxygen > ester carbonyl, which can be attributed to their ability to stabilize benzylic carbocation intermediates formed during hydrolysis. The formed precursors tend to be stable under a tin‐catalyzed condition for ring opening polymerization of lactide (LA), thus enabling the synthesis of well‐controlled acid‐degradable PEG‐based PLA block copolymers labeled with BzCA linkage at the block junction. When being exposed to acidic pH, the copolymers degrade through the cleavage of the junction BzCA linkages. These results guide the design principle of acid‐degradable shell‐sheddable BzCA‐bearing block copolymers for control over their acid‐catalyzed degradation and potentially drug release kinetics.
A dual‐band dual‐polarized shared‐aperture SIW slot antenna array with beam scanning
Authors: Wei Jiamin , Yang Xue‐Xia , Lou Tian , Cao Qi‐Dong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis letter proposes a low‐profile dual‐band dual‐polarized (DBDP) substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) slot antenna array with beam scanning. By stacking the SIW transverse slot array (TSA) above the longitudinal slot array (LSA) in one aperture, two orthogonal polarizations are generated at two bands. To avoid the radiation slots of the LSA and the TSA from overlapping, the LSA is developed based on the proposed LSA unit whose collinear‐slot arrangement is realized by introducing metallized vias. Two planar parabolic reflectors based linear source generators (LSGs) are integrated to feed the shared‐aperture radiation array. By moving two independent SIW horns, the proposed antenna can obtain the steering angles of ±34° and ±27° at the central frequencies of 11.2 and 13 GHz, respectively. Two beams with orthogonal polarizations scan in the same plane. The simulated results have been validated by the experimental ones. The proposed antenna has low profile and is a potential candidate for satellite and wireless communications.