bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye Using Graphene Oxide Based Ternary Nanocomposite
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Sharma Navita , Kumari Sujata , Sharma Pratibha , Ghosh Debasree , Mohan Srivastava Chandra , Majumder Sudip 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe scarcity of pure water, as well as the growing water shortage, highlight the importance of finding an efficient material for wastewater treatment. Treating pollutants present in wastewater is a challenging task so several methods have been developed for the treatment of pollutants present in wastewater. Among all, utilizing graphene based nanocomposite as adsorbent is a good option and can be utilized efficiently for wastewater treatment. In this work graphene oxide (GO) based ternary nanocomposite was synthesized via the co‐precipitation method and utilized for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. Powder X‐ray Diffraction (PXRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), UV‐vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectra (DRS), Brunauer‐ Emmett & Teller (BET) method, and UV‐Vis spectroscopy were used to investigate the formation of GO‐TiO2‐Fe2O3 (GTF) nanocomposites and the effect of graphene oxide addition on the photophysical properties of the composite. XRD data confirmed the high crystallinity of the obtained ternary nanocomposite. HRTEM and FESEM instruments confirmed the shape and morphology of the GTF nanocomposite which were found to be spherical with an average particle size of 20–80 nm. The photocatalytic degradation of the ternary composite was examined using MB as a model dye. The efficiency of the GTF nanocomposite was examined and compared with GO‐TiO2‐Fe2O3‐GG (GTF‐GG) and GO. The degradation efficiency of GTF‐GG, GTF, and GO was found to be 89.82 %, 77.34 % and 58.15 % within 270 min respectively. The prepared nanocomposite may be a promising material for the photocatalytic degradation of dye effluent present in wastewater.
Anion Dependent Coordination Polymers of Different Copper Salts with Mixed Organic Ligands (bis(4‐Nitrophenyl)phosphoric Acid and 4,4′‐Bipyridine)
Authors: Pattnaik Archana Kumari , Pedireddi Venkateswara Rao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDifferent coordination polymers that are prepared by using various copper salts with diverse counter ions (perchlorate/ nitrate/ acetate/ iodide) along with bis(4‐nitrophenyl)phosphoric acid (BNPP) and 4,4′‐bipyridine (bpy) have been reported. In each case, two distinct coloured crystals (royal and cyan blue) are observed, concomitantly. The composition and structural features of royal blue crystals are the same in all structures irrespective of counter ions employed, yielding a distorted square pyramid structure with each copper metal ion coordinated to one BNPP and four bpy molecules along with six water molecules in the lattice. However, the compositions of the cyan blue crystals are different depending on the counter ions used. Thus, copper metal ion was found in distinct coordination spheres in each structure. For example, perchlorate anion produces a mixed geometry structure {[Cu(BNPP)2(bpy)2(H2O)][Cu(bpy)2(H2O)2]}ClO4 containing two Cu(II) metal ions with independent square pyramid and square planar geometries along with an uncoordinated perchlorate anion. In addition, it also gives a structure with a molecular formula [Cu2(BNPP)5(bpy)3], devoid of perchlorate ions, having two different Cu(II) coordination spheres (square pyramid and square planar), which are connected together. In contrast, with nitrate ions, cyan blue crystals form a square pyramidal geometry with the formula [Cu(BNPP)2(bpy)2(NO3)], in which the anion is coordinated to Cu(II) ions. Furthermore, with acetate ion, two different complexes having formulae [Cu(BNPP)2(bpy)2] ⋅ 2H2O and [Cu(bpy)2(acetate)2](H2O)2(nitrophenol) are observed, with the latter complex is formed possibly due to the facile hydrolysis of BNPP molecules yielding a nitrophenol. In both the complexes Cu(II) projects a square planar geometry. However, in the case of iodide anion, a complex [Cu2(BNPP)5(bpy)3] ⋅ 2H2O is formed, without any anion, in which two distinct Cu metal ions with tetra‐ and penta‐coordinated spheres are connected together through bpy molecules and yield square planar and square pyramid geometries. The structures of these coordination polymers are thoroughly characterised by single crystal X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic methods (IR, solid state UV and photoluminescence).
Sidestream bio‐P and mainstream anammox in a BNR process with upstream carbon capture
Authors: McCullough Kester , Klaus Stephanie , Wilson Christopher , Vanrolleghem Peter A. , Gu April Z. , Bott Charles B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe integration of biological phosphorus removal (bio‐P) and shortcut nitrogen removal (SNR) processes is challenging because of the conflicting demands on influent carbon: SNR allows for upstream carbon diversion, but this reduction of influent carbon (especially volatile fatty acids [VFAs]) prevents or limits bio‐P. The objective of this study was to achieve SNR, either via partial nitritation/anammox (PNA) or partial denitrification/anammox (PdNA), simultaneously with biological phosphorus removal in a process with upstream carbon capture. This study took place in a pilot scale A/B process with a sidestream bio‐P reactor and tertiary anammox polishing. Despite low influent rbCOD concentrations from the A‐stage effluent, bio‐P occurred in the B‐stage thanks to the addition of A‐stage WAS fermentate to the sidestream reactor. Nitrite accumulation occurred in the B‐stage via partial denitrification and partial nitritation (NOB out‐selection), depending on operational conditions, and was removed along with ammonia by the tertiary anammox MBBR, with the ability to achieve effluent TIN less than 2 mg/L.Practitioner Points

A sidestream reactor with sufficient fermentate addition enables biological phosphorus removal in a B‐stage system with little‐to‐no influent VFA.
Enhanced biological phosphorus removal is not inhibited by intermittent aeration and is stable at a wide range of process SRTs.
Partial nitritation and partial denitrification are viable routes to produce nitrite within an A/B process with sidestream bio‐P, for downstream anammox in a polishing MBBR.
Application of Observational Weather Data in Evaluating Resilience of Power Systems and Adaptation to Extreme Wind Events
Authors: Mujjuni Francis , Betts Tom , Blanchard Richard E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn Great Britain, 70% of wind-related faults on the transmission power network are attributed to the top 1% gusts. These faults cause outages to millions of customers and have extensive cascading impacts. This study illustrated the application of historical ground measured wind data in a multi-phase resilience analysis process by: (i) projecting an extreme wind event, (ii) assessing components’ vulnerabilities, (iii) analysing system’s response, (iv) quantifying baseline resilience, and (v) evaluating the effectiveness of selected adaptation measures. The extreme event was modelled as a ubiquitous 100-year return gust event impacting upon the operations of the Reduced Great Britain transmission network test case. The results show an unmet demand of about 569 GWh/Week. Adaptation measures were necessary for 60% of transmission corridors with responsiveness improving resilience by 70%, robustness by 55%, and redundancy by 35%. The study implies that resilience enhancement can be prioritized within high potency corridors and organisational resilience could prove to be more effective than infrastructural and operational resilience.
Investigation of Working Fluid Performance in a Refrigeration Cycle
Authors: Radulovic J. , Bull J. , Buick J. M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith global warming and climate change, the world is experiencing a steady temperature rise. Hence the need for effective and efficient air conditioning, cooling and refrigeration systems is higher than ever. One of the key elements influencing refrigeration system performance is the working fluid. From 2022, new refrigeration systems in the UK must not use refrigeration fluids with global warming potential (GWP) above 150. Widely used R134a, with GWP of 1430, is therefore being banned and the need for suitable replacement fluids, with equivalent or similar thermodynamic performance, is imminent. This paper looks into the potential of low GWP refrigerant fluids, and assesses their suitability to be utilised as replacement for historically used R134a. Operation of a refrigeration cycle based on R134a is comprehensively compared to selected low GWP fluids in different operating conditions. Low GWP fluids (R152a, R1234yf, R1234ze(E), R290, R600a) were carefully selected to include a broad range of thermophysical properties and cover several fluid categories. Compression work requirement, cooling capacity and the overall performance are evaluated in typical operating scenarios. We conclude that both R1234ze(E) and R1234yf are good alternatives. In particular, R1234yf outperformed R134a by requiring less compression work and achieving significantly higher COP based on the same cooling capacity.
Multi-objective Energy Management Model for Stand-Alone Photovoltaic-Battery Systems: Application to Refugee Camps
Authors: Bammeke Daniel , Nixon Jonathan D. , Brusey James , Gaura Elena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite the benefits of stand-alone solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in the context of refugee camps, these systems fail within the first few years of operations—typically the first three years. The leading causes of the failure of solar PV systems in refugee camps are lack of technical personnel and maintenance, lack of training and education, and demand modification leading to overconsumption of energy from lead-acid batteries. This paper proposes a multi-objective energy management model that aims to increase the longevity of lead-acid batteries while considering the Levelized Cost of Used Energy (LCUE) and user satisfaction. Scenarios incorporating different levels of demand modification are proposed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. A weighted sum approach was applied to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. A sensitivity analysis was performed to illustrate the effect of varying the battery objective weight, on the model’s performance. Results show that the proposed model can increase battery lifetime by up to 9 years with a 33% decrease in LCUE in some cases. The results indicate that the proposed model is likely to be useful for refugee camps that experience rapidly increasing energy demand.
Student Mathematics Learning Activities
Authors: Timmerman Maria A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of different conceptualizations of student engagement with mathematical ideas in studies that occur in mathematics classrooms and teaching experiment environments, and the types of quality student mathematics learning activities that result in desired learning outcomes. Over the last three decades, mathematics curriculum initiatives have called for the development of student behaviors and dispositions (i.e., mathematical competencies, processes, proficiencies, and practices) that actively engage all students in knowing and doing mathematics. According to Medley (1987), it is axiomatic that all learning depends on the activity of the learner. One of the main purposes of teaching is to provide students with effective and equitable experiences that will result in successful learner outcomes. Given the complexity of studying student engagement with learning activities, including the “constraint-support system” (Kaput in Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning, Macmillan, 1992) of technology-based mathematics activities, and the persistent challenges of conducting research in mathematics classrooms, this chapter describes the evolution of research examining student learning experiences through the lens of multiple theoretical perspectives that provide explanations relevant to how and why student behaviors and dispositions develop in the way they do within different learning environments.
Individual Student Internal Contexts and Considerations for Mathematics Teaching and Learning
Authors: Megan Che S. , Evan Baker T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we share insights and understandings from mathematics education research on internal context variables, which, for the presage-process-product frame for this book, are those characteristics of students or groups of students which affect responses to mathematics teacher behavior. We also connect student internal context to activities or actions of mathematics teachers and to student mathematics learning activities—student experiences that generatively support their internal contexts. Specifically, we trace the evolution of mathematics education research around the concepts of identity, students’ internal cognitive processes of constructing mathematics, and students’ psychosocial constructions of themselves as students of and doers of mathematics. We also highlight and characterize connections between these processes and external contexts such as teacher actions, mathematics learning activities, and student social/historical context.
Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm rupture of the middle cerebral artery after an intracranial pressure monitor placement: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Haibin , Chen Jinming , Gao Zhiqiang , Zeng Zhaobin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThalamic hemorrhage (TH) is a devastating disease with a high mortality rate; however, no specific form of therapy has been proven to reduce mortality. Patients with hemorrhagic stroke undergo intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. However, cases involving pseudoaneurysms caused by ICP monitoring in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage have not been reported previously. Here, we report a case of pseudoaneurysm caused by an ICP monitor that was fitted due to hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.
A new critical social science research agenda on pesticides
Authors: Mansfield Becky , Werner Marion , Berndt Christian , Shattuck Annie , Galt Ryan , Williams Bryan , Argüelles Lucía , Barri Fernando Rafael , Ishii Marcia , Kunin Johana , Lapegna Pablo , Romero Adam , Caicedo Andres , Abhigya  , Castro-Vargas María Soledad , Marquez Emily , Ojeda Diana , Ramirez Fernando , Tittor Anne 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe global pesticide complex has transformed over the past two decades, but social science research has not kept pace. The rise of an enormous generics sector, shifts in geographies of pesticide production, and dynamics of agrarian change have led to more pesticide use, expanding to farm systems that hitherto used few such inputs. Declining effectiveness due to pesticide resistance and anemic institutional support for non-chemical alternatives also have driven intensification in conventional systems. As an inter-disciplinary network of pesticide scholars, we seek to renew the social science research agenda on pesticides to better understand this suite of contemporary changes. To identify research priorities, challenges, and opportunities, we develop the pesticide complex as a heuristic device to highlight the reciprocal and iterative interactions among agricultural practice, the agrochemical industry, civil society-shaped regulatory actions, and contested knowledge of toxicity. Ultimately, collaborations among social scientists and across the social and biophysical sciences can illuminate recent transformations and their uneven socioecological effects. A reinvigorated critical scholarship that embraces the multifaceted nature of pesticides can identify the social and ecological constraints that drive pesticide use and support alternatives to chemically driven industrial agriculture.
The Characteristics and HIV-Related Outcomes of People Living with Co-occurring HIV and Mental Health Conditions in the United States: A Systematic Review of Literature from 2016 to 2021
Authors: O’Grady Thomas , Inman Nina , Younger Alitasha , Huang Bishan , Bouton Taylor Olivia , Kim Heeun , DeLorenzo Emily 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConsidering advances in HIV prevention and treatment, jurisdictional efforts to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and reduced stigma towards people living with HIV infection and mental health conditions, the authors systematically reviewed studies published between 2016 and 2021 and identified 45 studies that met the eligibility criteria. The review found that stigma towards mental health conditions still acts as a barrier to accessing HIV treatment, which impacts treatment outcomes. Additionally, social determinants of health, such as housing instability and poverty, appear to impact mental health and, therefore, HIV-related outcomes. The review also highlighted the mutually reinforcing effects of HIV, mental health, and substance use conditions, providing valuable insights into the syndemic effects of these co-occurring conditions. Overall, the review highlights the need to address stigma and social determinants of health in HIV prevention and treatment efforts and to integrate mental health services into HIV care to improve outcomes for people living with both HIV and mental health conditions.
Chromosomal instability and inflammation: a catch-22 for cancer cells
Authors: van den Brink Anouk , Suárez Peredo Rodríguez Maria F. , Foijer Floris 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChromosomal instability (CIN), an increased rate of chromosomal segregation abnormalities, drives intratumor heterogeneity and affects most human cancers. In addition to chromosome copy number alterations, CIN results in chromosome(s) (fragments) being mislocalized into the cytoplasm in the form of micronuclei. Micronuclei can be detected by cGAS, a double-strand nucleic acid sensor, which will lead to the production of the second messenger 2′3′-cGAMP, activation of an inflammatory response, and downstream immune cell activation. However, the molecular network underlying the CIN-induced inflammatory response is still poorly understood. Furthermore, there is emerging evidence that cancers that display CIN circumvent this CIN-induced inflammatory response, and thus immune surveillance. The STAT1, STAT3, and NF-κB signaling cascades appear to play an important role in the CIN-induced inflammatory response. In this review, we discuss how these pathways are involved in signaling CIN in cells and how they are intertwined. A better understanding of how CIN is being signaled in cells and how cancer cells circumvent this is of the utmost importance for better and more selective cancer treatment.
Assessment of population structure and genetic diversity of wild and captive populations of Ammotragus lervia provide insights for conservation management
Authors: Pizzigalli Cristian , Silva Teresa Luísa , Abáigar Teresa , Bertorelle Giorgio , Cassinello Jorge , Brito José Carlos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aoudad (Ammotragus lervia) is a Vulnerable bovid endemic of North Africa. Although legally protected in almost every country of its native distribution, the aoudad continues to be hunted for meat and trophy in both North Africa and the countries where it has been introduced. The species was subject to past translocations planned irrespectively of the genetic diversity and local adaptations of source and receiving populations, and no management or conservation units have ever been designed. We aim to provide here important insights on the taxonomy of the aoudad subspecies and the genetic diversity of most of its wild and captive populations. We collected 127 invasive and non-invasive samples from five of the six subspecies of aoudad recognized to date. We could successfully retrieve genetic data for 74 samples. Of those, 36 provided both nuclear (11 microsatellites) and mitochondrial (Cyt-b) data, 31 just nuclear data, and six just mitochondrial data. We implement Bayesian approaches to infer the population structure and phylogenetic relationships between the different populations/subspecies and backtrack the maternal lineages of introduced individuals in European populations. Our results support the presence of four genetically different wild populations, corresponding to three distinct mitochondrial lineages plus a fourth group restricted to Egypt identified by the nuclear markers. We also provide genetic evidence on the affiliation of some introduced European populations with respect to the native ones. The genetic diversity instead of variation within all wild populations was low. This might be a consequence of small effective population size and/or high inbreeding degree, probably related to hunting, decline in habitat availability and quality (i.e. overgrazing, and frequent drought), and high inbreeding degree. Our results provide important information for the aoudad conservation, including reintroductions and reinforcement actions of wild populations, and the exchange of individuals among captive stocks.
Towards a standardised set of data analyses for long-term genetic monitoring of grouse using non-invasive sampling: a case study on western capercaillie
Authors: Zeni Teresa , Haider Marlene , Vallant Stephanie , Lentner Reinhard , Steiner Florian M. , Schlick-Steiner Birgit C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGenetic monitoring has become a popular instrument in the conservation of endangered species, allowing to estimate size and genetic structure of wild populations. Long-term monitoring projects are essential to recognize demographic changes and impact of human activities. Since 2011, an extensive monitoring project on the population size and trends, as well as spatial distribution and survival rates, of two grouse species including the western capercaillie, Tetrao urogallus, has been conducted in Tyrol, in the eastern part of the European Alps, where T. urogallus males are huntable under specific regulations. In this case study, we aimed to compile a set of analyses to be employed in evaluating data from dropping and feather samples for conservation studies. Using eleven microsatellite and two sex markers, we genotyped 251 faeces and feathers of T. urogallus collected in East Tyrol in spring 2019. We analysed population structure and mobility patterns, including sex differences in genetic diversity and mobility. The relationship between habitat parameters and genetic diversity was investigated using multiple linear regressions. We showed that the investigated T. urogallus population is well mixed and likely well connected to neighbouring populations. We also found sex-specific mobility patterns that support female-biased dispersal. As the last step, we demonstrated the general feasibility of a modelling approach using habitat parameters. With this pilot study, further analysis of data is possible for the whole monitoring project, giving a better insight in the grouse populations in Tyrol.