bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extruded urea levels in lamb supplementation in rainy tropical savanna conditions: the triad host-gastrointestinal nematodes-environment
Authors: Roberto Francisca Fernanda da Silva , Difante Gelson dos Santos , Costa Roberto Germano , Borges Fernando de Almeida , Ítavo Luis Carlos Vinhas , Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira , Ribeiro Neila Lidiany , Rodrigues Jéssica Gomes , Pereira Marislayne de Gusmão , Monteiro Gabriela Oliveira de Aquino , Véras Emmanuel Lievio de Lima , Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves , Costa Carolina Marques , Costa Ana Beatriz Graciano da 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of increasing levels of extruded urea (EU, Amireia®) in the diet of lambs naturally infected by gastrointestinal nematodes on the interactions in the host-pasture-soil components in edaphoclimatic conditions of the tropical rainy savanna. 60 Texel lambs with a mean initial weight of 20.7±0.87 and mean age of 2.5±0.70 months were distributed in a completely randomized design, in five treatments consisting of different levels: 0; 6; 12; 18 and 24 grams g 100 kg-1 live weight (LW) of EU in the supplement of lambs in Brachiaria spp. The performance of lambs, parasitological variables, gastrointestinal nematodes (NGIs), and larvae recovery in pasture and soil were evaluated. The highest animal performance was observed in animals that received 0 to 18 g kg-1 LW (146.0 g day-1) and the lowest in animals supplemented with 24 g kg-1 LW (81.0 g day-1 ) of EU. The body condition score (BCS) was similar in the animals (P>0.05). Parasitic infection did not differ as a function of EU level (P>0.05). Eggs of Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Cooperia spp., and Oesophagostomum spp were found. The largest amount of larvae in the L1/L2 and L3 stages was recovered in the pastures occupied by the animals that received supplementation 0 g kg-1 LW of EU (750 larvae), the smallest in those that the animals received 6 g 100 kg-1 LW of EU (54 larvae). The presence of larvae in the L1/L2 stages changed significantly (P<0.05) in the soil, in the other stages it did not differ in the soil. Increasing levels of extruded urea do not influence the eggs per gram of feces (EPG) count. The 0 to 18 g 100 kg-1 LW level maintains animal performance, BCS and FAMACHA©. There is less dispersal of NGI larvae in pasture and soil when EU levels increase in the edaphoclimatic conditions of the rainy tropical savannah.
Distinct transcriptional profiles of HIV- and CMV-specific CD8 T cells in HIV progressors and long-term non-progressors
Authors: Pul Lisa van , Stunnenberg Melissa , Boeser-Nunnink Brigitte , Harskamp Agnes , Geijtenbeek Teunis , Kootstra Neeltje 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Antiretroviral treatment of HIV infected individuals cannot eliminate the HIV reservoir and immune control of HIV is rarely seen upon treatment interruption. In long-term non-progressors (LTNP), an effective CD8 T cell response is thought to contribute to be immune control of HIV. Here we studied the transcriptional profile of virus specific CD8 T cells to gain molecular insights in CD8 T cell functionality in HIV progressors and LTNP. Principal component analysis revealed distinct overall transcriptional profiles between the groups. The transcription profile of HIV-specific CD8 T cells of LTNP groups was associated with increased protein/RNA metabolism pathways, indicating an increased CD8 T cell functionality. In contrast, CMV-specific CD8 T cells from progressors showed increased expression of genes related to effector functions and suggests recent antigen exposure. Our data shows that changes in the energy demanding RNA and protein metabolism may drive dysfunctionality of HIV-specific T cells changes during chronic HIV infection.
Is RENAL Nephrometry Scoring System Suitable for Application in Bilateral Wilms Tumor?
Authors: Gao Pengfei , Jiang Hong , Wu Chenglin , Liu Longshan , Huang Mingchuan , Fu Qian , Liu Juncheng , Li Jun , Zhang Huanxi , Wang Changxi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose The RENAL nephrometry scoring system has been validated to predict adult kidney tumor complexity. This study aims to explore the application of RENAL nephrometry scoring system in bilateral Wilms tumor (BWT).
Methods A retrospective review of patients with BWT from January 2010 to June 2022 was performed. Each kidney unit was evaluated independently by 2 blinded reviewers, discrepancies were evaluated by a third reviewer to reach a consensus. Tumor anatomical characteristics were summarized and compared.
Results 29 patients with 53 kidney units were included in the study. 53 kidney units included 12 (22.6%) low-complexity, 9 (17.0%) intermediate-complexity, and 32 (60.4%) high-complexity. 2 kidney units (3.8%) had tumor thrombus, and 14 (26.4%) had multiple lesions. A total of 42 kidney units (79.2%) underwent initial nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) and 11 (20.8%) underwent radical nephrectomy. Less complexity tumors were observed in the NSS group. Of the 42 kidney units undergoing initial NSS, 26 were performed in vivo and 16 ex vivo via autotransplantation. The latter group featured a higher complexity. During follow-up, 22 patients survived and 7 died, no statistically significant tumor complexity was observed between the two groups.
Conclusion The anatomical characteristics of tumors in the BWT population are complex. Despite this study did not indicate that the complexity correlated with prognosis, low-complexity tumors were candidates for NSS, and kidney autotransplantation provided a feasible procedure for high-complexity tumors. Given the presence the multiple lesions and tumor thrombus, a refined system is required.
Preparation and Characterization of Magnetic Iron Oxide (Fe3O4 ) Nanoparticles with Different Polymer Coating Agents
Authors: Karimova Aynura , Shirinova Habiba , Nargiz Gurbanli , Nuriyeva Sevinj , Gahramanli Lala 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the present study, the influence of the organic stabilizers on the formation of magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles was investigated. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), dextran (DEX), and chitosan was chosen as biocompatible surface modification agents for obtained magnetic nanoparticles. The structure of the coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles was learned by the X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic methods. It was explored that the PEG coated magnetic nanoparticles have relatively larger crystallite sizes, which indicate a more ordered crystal structure of these nanoparticles. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis showed that the Fe3O4-PEG system possesses a stronger nanoparticle-stabilizer interaction at the supramolecular level. This study emphasizes the significance of optimizing the surface properties of magnetic nanoparticles when using them in biomedical applications.
An environmentally friendly method for extraction of Cobalt and Molybdenum from spent catalysts using deep eutectic solvents (DESs)
Authors: Ebrahimi Ehsan , Safari Hassan , Rezaee Mohammad , Rezaei Ali , Abdollahi Hadi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There has been a substantially increasing demand for Energy Critical Elements (ECEs) in recent years as energy-related technology has advanced rapidly. Spent catalysts are known as potential sources of ECCs such as Ni, Co, Mo, W, V, and rare earth elements. This study developed an environmentally friendly process for recovering cobalt and molybdenum from spent hydroprocessing catalysts using deep eutectic solvents (DESs). High metal extraction of 93% and 87% were respectively achieved for cobalt and molybdenum at optimum conditions (100°C, pulp density of 20 g/L, and 48 hours) using p-toluenesulfonic acid based DESs. FT-IR and H-NMR analyses were conducted to determine whether hydrogen bonds form between p-toluenesulfonic acid-based DES components. Leaching kinetic models were also developed for DES systems. It was found that shrinking core models fit well with the experimental results. The kinetic studies proved that the diffusion through the product layer was the leaching controlling step of DES-1 (PEG-400:PTSA) with an activation energy of 22.56, and 29.34 kJ/mol for Co and Mo, respectively. On the other hand, DES-2 (ChCl:PTSA) correlates well with the activation energies of 38.09 (cobalt) and 31.48 kJ/mol (molybdenum), indicating that reaction appears to be limited by the mixed control reaction model. This study provides an effective new approach for planning and running ionometallurgical processes in the recycling sector while paying attention to concerns for sustainable development.
Living with Stigmatized Identity: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Lived Experiences of patients with Chronic Illness in Ethiopia
Authors: Hassen Mohammed , Mekonnen Hussen , Derseh Lema , Lindgren Helena , Erlandsson Kerstin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: - Anticipated stigma or the fear of future prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping is a bad experience that harms the mental and physical well-being of individuals with chronic illnesses. Exploring the lived experiences of anticipated stigma is crucial for enhancing the standard of care for all patients, especially in countries with few resources. With this context, the goal of this study was to explore the experiences of chronic illness patients who attended follow-up clinics in the Amhara Region Referral Hospitals in Ethiopia.
Methods: Twelve participants with chronic illnesses were interviewed using semi-structured questions after being purposefully chosen from the University of Gondar Specialized Hospital and Felege Hiwot Specialized Hospital. The data were analyzed using an interpretative phenomenological inductive approach.
Results: - The overarching category was "Living with stigmatized identities." The three main themes identified were chronic illness, altered self, and suggested solutions to handle disease-related consequences and the disease outcome. Behavioral changes, discrimination, health service-related factors, stigma, solutions, and signs of the disease outcome were the six superordinate themes.
Conclusion: - Our conclusion that a stigmatized identity incorporates significant experiences related to chronic illnesses and an altered self leads us to recommend solutions that address both the disease's symptoms and its side effects. Reorganizing chronic care systems, using evidence-based protocols, improving patient education about opportunities and challenges, expanding access to senior chronic care experts, such as chronic care nurses, and expanding the availability of clinical management at the closest healthcare facility are among the interventions that are effective in improving outcomes in this group of patients.
Bioinspired 5-caffeoylquinic acid capped silver nanoparticles using Coffee arabica leaf extract for high-sensitive cysteine detection
Authors: Haridas E. S. Harsha , Bhattacharya Susmita , Varma M. K. Ravi , Chandra Goutam Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Along with health concern, choosing of plants as bioactive phytochemical source to synthesize nanoparticles is highly demanding due to the biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and cost-effectiveness over other available physical and chemical methods. Here, for the first time, Coffee arabica leaf extracts (CAE) were used to produce highly stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and corresponding bio reduction, capping and stabilization mechanism mediated by 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) is discussed. UV-Vis, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, DLS and Zeta potential analyzer measurements were used to characterize these green synthesized NPs. The affinity of 5-CQA capped CAE-AgNPs to thiol moiety of amino acid is utilized for the selective as well as sensitive detection of L-cysteine (Cys) to a low detection limit of 0.1nM. Hence, the proposed novel, simple, eco-friendly, and economically sustainable method can provide a promising nanoplatform in the field of biosensors which is compliant with large-scale industrial production of AgNPs without aid of instruments.
A ‘Chaîne Opératoire’ Perspective on Iron Age II Judean Cooking Pots
Authors: Bouzaglou Liora , Ben-Shlomo David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The study presented here deals with the manufacturing technologies of cooking pots in Iron Age II Judah (ca. 1,000-586 BCE). This is the first comprehensive technological study carried out on Iron Age pottery in the Levant and one of the most extensive studies on ancient cooking ware. Two aspects were studied on an assemblage of ca. 500 cooking pots: paste preparation with a highlight on temper analyses as well as fashioning and finishing techniques. The research is conducted as a part of a substantial multi-disciplinary study of cooking ware in Iron Age Judah, combining technological, typological, petrographic, and chemical aspects. New cooking pot types appeared during the Iron Age II, with the apparent existence of regional production centers for cooking pots in this period. The results indicate that the cooking pots were made by three main fashioning techniques, reflecting a stable technical and technological continuity alongside the rise of specialized production in various regional production centers. Temper analysis carried out through petrography shows a slow shift from calcite-calcareous tempering towards quartz tempering (which may be partly or entirely naturally present in the clay selected). These results will also be discussed in relation to the morphological typology of the vessels and petro-fabrics identified in the more extensive study. Resting on several analytical methods, this paper aims to characterize the cooking pot production system, thus providing insights into Iron Age Judah's pottery craft organization.
P and S-wave Attenuation in the Northern Region of the Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Sanchez Elsy Marleth Torres , Castro Raúl Ramon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We determine attenuation functions and estimates of the quality factor Q for both P and S waves in the Gulf of California, Mexico. We use seismograms from the Broadband Seismological Network of the Gulf of California (RESBAN) operated by the Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Baja California (CICESE). The database consisted of 64 earthquakes with Mw between 4.5 and 6.6 and hypocentral distances between 30 km and 350 km. Attenuation functions were determined from a nonparametric model obtained by inverting observed spectral amplitudes of 25 frequencies between 0.1 Hz and 25.12 Hz. To estimate Qp and Qs, three geometric dispersion functions were defined: one frequency dependent and two frequency independent. We find that the estimates of Q depend strongly on the geometric dispersion function adopted. Estimates of Q obtained for the hypocentral distance from 30 km to 350 km indicate that P-wave attenuation is larger than S-wave attenuation regardless of the geometrical spreading function used. When using the frequency-dependent geometric dispersion we estimate that QP = 224.6f 1.10 and QS = 244.7f 1.17. In general, the high values of Qp and Qs suggests that the northern Gulf of California consists of a continental crust, possibly containing rocks with low fluid content and that the likely high-pressure present in that region could generate a decrease in attenuation due to the closure of pores in the rock. In addition, the values of the Qs/Qp ratio suggest that the rocks in that region must have a low fluid content.
Engineering Broad-spectrum Inhibitors of Inflammatory Chemokines from a New Family of Tick Evasins
Authors: Devkota Shankar , Aryal Pramod , Jiao Wanting , Perry Andrew , Panjikar Santosh , Payne Richard , Wilce Matthew , Bhusal Ram , Stone Martin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Chemokines, the key regulators of leukocyte trafficking, are attractive targets for anti-inflammatory therapy. Evasins are anti-inflammatory, chemokine-binding proteins found in tick saliva, with important therapeutic potential. However, therapeutic application of evasins will require manipulation of their chemokine target selectivity. Here we describe a new family of evasins, class A3 evasins, that is unique to the tick genus Amblyomma and distinguished from “classical” class A1 evasins by an additional disulfide-bonded pair of cysteine residues near the chemokine recognition interface. The class A3 evasin EVA-AAM1001 (EVA-A) bound to CC chemokines and inhibited their receptor activation. However, unlike class A1 evasins, EVA-A did not utilise N- and C-terminal regions to differentiate chemokine targets. Instead, structures of EVA-A bound to four chemokines revealed a deep hydrophobic pocket, unique to class A3 evasins, that interacts with the residue immediately following the CC motif of the chemokine (the “CC+1” residue). The preference of EVA-A for chemokines with aliphatic CC+1 residues results from negative selection against binding of aromatic CC+1 residues into this pocket. Consequently, mutations to alleviate this negative selection yielded broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitors. This study illustrates that class A3 evasins are an excellent platform for engineering proteins with targeted chemokine binding selectivity for applications in research, diagnosis or anti-inflammatory therapy.
Laser Surface Remelting in Single-Crystal Nickel-based Superalloy using a Continuous Wave Fiber Laser
Authors: Nandam Srinivasa Rao , Rao A Venugopal , Gokhale Amol A ,   Suhas S Joshi1
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Single-crystal (SC) nickel-based superalloy castings offer high temperature microstructural stability and superior creep resistance, due to which they are extensively used in the hot sections of gas turbine engines. However, SC nickel-base superalloy components are difficult-to-cut while manufacturing. Worldwide research shows an interest in improving the machinability of the superalloys. The present work is introducing the controlled surface damage on CMSX-4 superalloy through laser surface remelting technique towards the improvement of machinability. The specimens were laser-treated using a constant laser power and scan speed, and varying the positive focal position to get a range of energy densities. The process, structure and property were systematically studied in the fusion zone (FZ). The FZ shape changed from keyhole to conduction mode with increasing focal position. The FZ showed a finer assorted dendritic structure and less severe elemental segregation than the base metal (BM). In keyhole mode penetration, large pores, and multi-directional cracks were observed in the root region. On the other hand, the conductive mode showed only vertical centreline cracks and no significant porosity. The cracks are attributed to thermal stresses and elemental segregation produced during solidification. Microcracking was also observed near the fusion boundary and is attributed to the presence of low melting Mo and Ti-rich eutectics. The FZ away from the cracks showed 10% lower hardness than the BM, which is attributed to the dissolution of 𝛾¢phase. Overall, the laser processing under the given range of energy densities produced a wide variants of surface defects in the FZ.
Highlights:
♣ Laser surface remelting was performed on a single crystal nickel-based superalloy.
♣ The effect of focal position of a CW fiber laser on surface defects and property was investigated.
♣ The working range of energy densities for keyhole and conduction mode were derived.
♣ The surface defects and property of keyhole and conduction mode were evaluated.
Path Planning in Three-Dimensional Space Based on Butterfly Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Mazaheri Hakimeh , Goli Salman , Nourollah Ali 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Path planning is one of the most issues in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Many researchers have addressed this problem, but modeling the 3-dimensional space is an open issue. we first grids the environment using geometrical shapes. This can reduce the random states of cell decomposition and increases the computational speed. We then propose an effective routing algorithm based on the Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (BOA). It can simultaneously optimize multiple objectives. The proposed algorithm uses an objective function to compute the shortest path, based on obstacle avoidance and the UAV's operational power minimization.The throw agent prevents the collision of the UAV with the obstacles using geometrical techniques and contour lines. The simulation results show that BOA has the least and second-least cost in best-case and worst-case scenarios in comparison with other algorithms. Its run time and the optimal value of the fitting function are also better than the two other algorithms.
Species diversity of the Cereus genus (Cactaceae) in Brazilian biomes evaluated by molecular marker with reproducibility and speed in carrying out experiments
Authors: Domingues Sanny Damazio , Mangolin Claudete Aparecida , Santos Everaldo dos , Machado Maria de Fátima Pires da Silva 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
In the last two decades, molecular markers have been used as an additional tool to characterize and identify cactus species of the Cereus genus. The hypothesis in the present study is that inter simple sequence repeats of DNA (ISSR) may contribute to reveal the molecular divergence at DNA level between Cereus plants from different Brazilian biomes.
Methods and Results
Polymorphisms in ISSRs were used as molecular markers to evaluate genetic diversity and divergence among Cereus plants in the Atlantic Forest, Pampa, Cerrado, Caatinga, Amazon Forest, and Pantanal biomes cultivated in in the south (S), southeast (SE), Midwest (MW), north (NO) and northeast (NE) of Brazil. The polymorphism rates were higher in plants from the S and the highest genetic divergences were observed between plants from MW and NE, S and MW and S and NE regions. Plants from the MW in the Pantanal biome were the most divergent. The 198 ISSR segments indicated occurrence of only a species of Cereus in the south.
Conclusion
ISSR markers showed high reproducibility, ease, and rapidity in carrying out the experiments and low cost compared to SSR markers and was useful to group plants of Cereus from the same biome and to discriminate plants from different biomes.
"In silico" evidence of robust Majorana zero modes in artificial spin chains on superconducting substrates
Authors: Nyari Bendeguz , Laszloffy Andras , Csire Gabor , Szunyogh Laszlo , Ujfalussy Balazs 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present a first-principles computational approach based on a microscopic relativistic theory of inhomogeneous superconductivity to scrutinize edge states of magnetic chains deposited on the surface of superconductors. Detailed investigations of an iron chain on the top of Au-covered Nb(110) have been carried out with quantitative predictions together with studies of quantities well beyond the reach of experimental capabilities to uniquely identify the topological phase. We confirm that ferromagnetic Fe chains on Au/Nb(110) surface does not support any Majorana Zero Mode (MZM); however, a broad range of spin-spirals can be identified with a robust zero energy state displaying signatures of MZMs. For these spirals, we explore the structure of various superconducting order parameters and the role of spin-orbit coupling. Through additional computational experiments, we provide evidence that MZMs are localized to the boundaries of the topological region of the chain. The robustness of the MZM states is also demonstrated, representing a huge step toward potential experimental realizations.