bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arithmetic and metric aspects of open de Rham spaces
Authors: Hausel Tamás , Wong Michael Lennox , Wyss Dimitri 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we determine the motivic class — in particular, the weight polynomial and conjecturally the Poincaré polynomial — of the open de Rham space, defined and studied by Boalch, of certain moduli spaces of irregular meromorphic connections on the trivial rank bundle on . The computation is by motivic Fourier transform. We show that the result satisfies the purity conjecture, that is, it agrees with the pure part of the conjectured mixed Hodge polynomial of the corresponding wild character variety. We also identify the open de Rham spaces with quiver varieties with multiplicities of Yamakawa and Geiss–Leclerc–Schröer. We finish with constructing natural complete hyperkähler metrics on them, which in the four‐dimensional cases are expected to be of type ALF.
Development of prospective hospital-based venous thromboembolism registry across India: a study protocol
Authors: Tabassum Heena , Aggarwal Sumit , Menon Geetha R , Arora Narendra , Chakraborty Sagnik , Rao M V , Bhargava Balram , Chatterjee Nabendu S 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIndian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi has established a nationwide registry ‘Indian Registry for Venous Thromoembolism Disorder (i-RegVeD)’ for real-time analytics of sociodemographic profile of patients, disease patterns, management strategies, treatment choices and outcomes of patients with venous thromboemobolism (VTE). The purpose is to generate evidence on VTE in order to fill the gaps in the knowledge of the disease across various demographic regions.Methods and analysisThis prospective hospital-based registry will be a continuous data collection process on the occurrence and characteristics of VTE from the 16 hospital sites pan India. This process would include obtaining clinical profiles, risk factors, diagnostic tests, treatment and outcome information of patients collected from medical records through an active method of data abstraction and data capture mechanism guided by an online web-based tool.Ethics and disseminationAt centralised programme management unit, the study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committees (IEC) named ICMR-Central Ethics Committee on Human Research and similarly each of the participating site has obtained the ethical approval by their respective IECs. The results from this study will be disseminated publicly on the study website (https://iregved.icmr.org.in) as well as through scientific meetings and publications.
Investigating sustainability challenges for the National Health Insurance Fund in Tanzania: a modelling approach
Authors: Osetinsky Brianna , Fink Günther , Kuwawenaruwa August , Tediosi Fabrizio 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to model the long-term cost associated with expanding public health insurance coverage in Tanzania.Design, setting and participantsWe analysed the 2016 claims of 2 923 524 beneficiaries of the National Health Insurance Fund in Tanzania. The analysis focused on determining the average cost per beneficiary across 5-year age groups separated by gender, and grouped by broad health condition categories. We then modelled three different insurance coverage scenarios from 2020 to 2050 and we estimated the associated costs.Outcome measuresAverage cost per beneficiary and the projected financing requirements, projected from 2020 to 2050.ResultsThe analysis revealed that the average per beneficiary cost for insurance claims was $38.58. Among males over 75 years, the average insurance claims costs were highest, amounting to $125. The total estimated annual cost of claims in 2020 was $151 million. Under the status quo coverage scenario, total claims were projected to increase to $415 million by 2050. Increasing coverage from 7% to 50% would result in an additional financing requirement of $2.27 billion. If coverage would increase by 10% annually, reaching 56% of the population by 2050, the additional financing need would amount to $2.84 billion.ConclusionThis study highlights the critical importance of assessing the long-term financial viability of health insurance schemes aimed to cover large segments of the population in low-income countries. The findings demonstrate that even without expansion of coverage, financing requirements for insurance will more than triple by 2050. Furthermore, increasing coverage is likely to substantially escalate the cost of claims, potentially requiring significant government or external contributions to finance these additional costs. Policymakers and stakeholders should carefully evaluate the sustainability of insurance schemes to ensure adequate financial support for expanding coverage and improving healthcare access in low-income settings.
Protocol for the feasibility and implementation study of a model of best practice in primary care led postdiagnostic dementia care: PriDem
Authors: Griffiths Sarah , Spencer Emily , Wilcock Jane , Bamford Claire , Wheatley Alison , Brunskill Greta , D'Andrea Federica , Walters Kate R , Lago Natalia , O'Keeffe Aidan , Hunter Rachael , Tuijt Remco , Harrison Dening Karen , Banerjee Sube , Manthorpe Jill , Allan Louise , Robinson Louise , Rait Greta 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCare is often inadequate and poorly integrated after a dementia diagnosis. Research and policy highlight the unaffordability and unsustainability of specialist-led support, and instead suggest a task-shared model, led by primary care. This study is part of the PriDem primary care led postdiagnostic dementia care research programme and will assess delivery of an evidence-informed, primary care based, person-centred intervention. The intervention involves Clinical Dementia Leads (CDLs) working in primary care to develop effective dementia care systems that build workforce capacity and support teams to deliver tailored support to people living with dementia and their carers.Methods and analysisThis is a 15-month mixed-methods feasibility and implementation study, situated in four National Health Service (NHS) primary care networks in England. The primary outcome is adoption of personalised care planning by participating general practices, assessed through a patient records audit. Feasibility outcomes include recruitment and retention; appropriateness and acceptability of outcome measures; acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of intervention components. People living with dementia (n=80) and carers (n=66) will be recruited through participating general practices and will complete standardised measures of health and well-being. Participant service use data will be extracted from electronic medical records. A process evaluation will explore implementation barriers and facilitators through methods including semistructured interviews with people living with dementia, carers and professionals; observation of CDL engagement with practice staff; and a practice fidelity log. Process evaluation data will be analysed qualitatively using codebook thematic analysis, and quantitatively using descriptive statistics. Economic analysis will determine intervention cost-effectiveness.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received favourable ethical opinion from Wales REC4. NHS Confidentiality Advisory Group support allows researchers preconsent access to patient data. Results will inform intervention adaptations and a future large-scale evaluation. Dissemination through peer-review journals, engagement with policy-makers and conferences will inform recommendations for dementia services commissioning.Trial registration numberISRCTN11677384.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of urinary incontinence after prostate surgery: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Mo-Yao , Mo Chao-Yue , Zhao Qian 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundUrinary incontinence (UI) is a common complication after prostate surgery. Acupuncture treatment (AT) has been proposed as an alternative therapy for this condition. The purpose of this protocol aims to outline a systematic review and meta-analysis that aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of AT in patients with postprostate surgery UI.MethodsWe will search for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in eight databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, SinoMed and VIP database. Additionally, we will search two clinical trial registration platforms, namely the WHO’s International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The search will include articles from the inception of these databases until 30 September 2023. The extracted data will then be imported into the Stata V.15.0 software. Two authors will independently review the literature, collect data and use the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation and the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool to evaluate the risk of bias and the quality of the evidence. Outcomes for RCTs will include at least one of the following: International Consultation Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form, Individualised Care for People with long-term health conditions–Capability measure for Adults, Score of Frequency Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire, Patient Global Impression of Improvement, Visual Analogue Scale, Numeric Rating Scale, 1- hour pad test, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, total efficiency and adverse event. We will use random or fixed effect models to analyse data according to heterogeneity. If significant heterogeneity exists along with sufficient data, we will perform subgroup analyses to identify the source of heterogeneity.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this study because the data we will extract are from published articles. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022382806.
Developing and validating an instrument to assess women’s empowerment in dealing with domestic violence in Iran: a mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Mataji Amirroud Maryam , Ghaffari Mohtasham , Ramezankhani Ali , Soori Hamid 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDespite the emphasis on empowerment in interventions supporting women against domestic violence and ending spousal abuse, there is still no standard and accurate instrument to evaluate women’s empowerment in this field. This study proposes a protocol to fill this gap by developing and psychometrically testing a standardised instrument for assessing women’s empowerment in dealing with domestic violence (WEDDV).Methods and analysisThis study will be conducted in Iran in a mixed method with a sequential exploratory design (qualitative–quantitative). In the first phase, qualitative methods will be used to generate items, rank and identify essential items for WEDDV conceptualisation. The data collection method in this phase includes semistructured face-to-face interviews with married women, a review of related literature, and a fuzzy Delphi method with participants with work experience and expertise about violence against women. Qualitative data analysis will be done using a content analysis strategy and MAXQDA 2020 software. In the second phase of the study, the psychometric properties of the instrument, including face, content and construct validity, and the instrument’s reliability will be evaluated. Also, the psychometric features of the COSMIN checklist will be used in the design of this instrument.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences with code (IR.SBMU.PHNS.REC.1400.011). The findings will be published in prestigious journals and presented at national and international conferences. We hope that these results can provide a practical framework for planning and organising domestic violence interventions for policy-makers, researchers and women’s health and counselling service providers.
Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for perianal infection in patients with haematological malignancies during chemotherapy: a prospective study in a tertiary hospital in China
Authors: Wang Yingli , Luo Yuqin , Leng Yamei , Yang Mei , Liang Taoyun , Niu Ting 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesPerianal infection is a serious complication in patients undergoing chemotherapy for haematological malignancies. Therefore, we aimed to develop a predictive model to help medical staff promptly screen patients at a high risk of perianal infection during chemotherapy.DesignThis was a single-centre prospective observational study.SettingThis study was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Chengdu, China.ParticipantsThe study sample comprised 850 patients with haematological malignancies who underwent chemotherapy at the department of haematology or our hospital between January 2021 and June 2022.InterventionsThe included patients were randomly divided into training and validation groups in a 7:3 ratio. Based on the discharge diagnosis, patients with perianal infection were selected as the case group and the other patients were selected as the control group.Outcome measureThe main outcome measure was the occurrence of perianal infections.ResultsA predictive model for perianal infections was established. A history of perianal infection, haemorrhoids, constipation and duration of diarrhoea were independent risk factors. The area under the curve of the The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the training and validation groups were 0.784 (95% CI 0.727 to 0.841) and 0.789 (95% CI 0.818 to 0.885), respectively. Additionally, the model had good calibration in both the training and validation groups with a non-significant Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p=0.999 and 0.482, respectively).ConclusionsThe risk prediction model, including a history of perianal infection, history of haemorrhoids, constipation and duration of diarrhoea ≥3 days of perianal infection in patients with haematological malignancies during chemotherapy, has good prediction reliability and can be helpful in guiding clinical medical staff in screening and early intervention of high-risk groups.
Feasibility of comparing medical management and surgery (with neurosurgery or stereotactic radiosurgery) with medical management alone in people with symptomatic brain cavernoma – protocol for the Cavernomas: A Randomised Effectiveness (CARE) pilot trial
Authors: Loan James J M , Bacon Andrew , van Beijnum Janneke , Bhatt Pragnesh , Bjornson Anna , Broomes Nicole , Bullen Alistair , Bulters Diederik , Cahill Julian , Chavredakis Emmanuel , Colombo Francesca , Danciut Mihai , Digpal Ronneil , Edwards Richard J , Ferguson Lucie , Forsyth Laura , Fouyas Ioannis , Ganesan Vijeya , Grover Patrick , Gurusinghe Nihal , Hall Peter S , Harkness Kirsty , Harris Lauren S , Hayton Tom , Helmy Adel , Holsgrove Daniel , Hutchinson Peter J , Israni Anil , Kinsella Elaine , Lewis Steff , Majeed Sohail , Mallucci Conor , Mukerji Nitin , Nair Ramesh , Neilson Aileen R , Papadopoulos Marios C , Radatz Matthias , Rossdeutsch Alex , Raza-Knight Saba , Stephen Jacqueline , Stoddart Andrew , Teo Mario , Turner Carole , Wade Julia , Walsh Daniel , White David , White Phil , Wildman Jack , Wroe Wright Oliver , Uff Christopher , Ushewokunze Shungu , Vindlacheruvu Raghu , Kitchen Neil , Al-Shahi Salman Rustam 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe top research priority for cavernoma, identified by a James Lind Alliance Priority setting partnership was ‘Does treatment (with neurosurgery or stereotactic radiosurgery) or no treatment improve outcome for people diagnosed with a cavernoma?’ This pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to determine the feasibility of answering this question in a main phase RCT.Methods and analysisWe will perform a pilot phase, parallel group, pragmatic RCT involving approximately 60 children or adults with mental capacity, resident in the UK or Ireland, with an unresected symptomatic brain cavernoma. Participants will be randomised by web-based randomisation 1:1 to treatment with medical management and with surgery (neurosurgery or stereotactic radiosurgery) versus medical management alone, stratified by prerandomisation preference for type of surgery. In addition to 13 feasibility outcomes, the primary clinical outcome is symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage or new persistent/progressive focal neurological deficit measured at 6 monthly intervals. An integrated QuinteT Recruitment Intervention (QRI) evaluates screening logs, audio recordings of recruitment discussions, and interviews with recruiters and patients/parents/carers to identify and address barriers to participation. A Patient Advisory Group has codesigned the study and will oversee its progress.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Yorkshire and The Humber—Leeds East Research Ethics Committee (21/YH/0046). We will submit manuscripts to peer-reviewed journals, describing the findings of the QRI and the Cavernomas: A Randomised Evaluation (CARE) pilot trial. We will present at national specialty meetings. We will disseminate a plain English summary of the findings of the CARE pilot trial to participants and public audiences with input from, and acknowledgement of, the Patient Advisory Group.Trial registration numberISRCTN41647111.
Design of a phase III, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of BI 1015550 in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (FIBRONEER-IPF)
Authors: Richeldi Luca , Azuma Arata , Cottin Vincent , Kreuter Michael , Maher Toby M , Martinez Fernando J , Oldham Justin M , Valenzuela Claudia , Gordat Maud , Liu Yi , Stowasser Susanne , Zoz Donald F , Wijsenbeek Marlies S 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThere is an unmet need for new treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The oral preferential phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitor, BI 1015550, prevented a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) in a phase II study in patients with IPF. This study design describes the subsequent pivotal phase III study of BI 1015550 in patients with IPF (FIBRONEER-IPF).Methods and analysisIn this placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase III trial, patients are being randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive 9 mg or 18 mg of BI 1015550 or placebo two times per day over at least 52 weeks, stratified by use of background antifibrotics (nintedanib/pirfenidone vs neither). The primary endpoint is the absolute change in FVC at week 52. The key secondary endpoint is a composite of time to first acute IPF exacerbation, hospitalisation due to respiratory cause or death over the duration of the trial.Ethics and disseminationThe trial is being carried out in compliance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, in accordance with the International Council on Harmonisation Guideline for Good Clinical Practice and other local ethics committees. The results of the study will be disseminated at scientific congresses and in peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberNCT05321069.
Inhaled corticosteroids and risk of lower respiratory tract infection withMoraxella catarrhalisin patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Johnsen Rikke Helin , Heerfordt Christian Kjer , Boel Jonas Bredtoft , Dessau Ram Benny , Ostergaard Christian , Sivapalan Pradeesh , Eklöf Josefin , Jensen Jens-Ulrik Stæhr 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundUse of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has been associated with an increased risk of pneumonia.Moraxella catarrhalisis one of the most common bacterial causes of infectious exacerbation in COPD. Currently, to our knowledge, no studies have investigated if ICS increases the risk of lower respiratory tract infection withM. catarrhalisin patients with COPD.ObjectiveTo investigate if accumulated ICS use in patients with COPD, is associated with a dose-dependent risk of infection withM. catarrhalis.MethodsThis observational cohort study included 18 870 persons with COPD who were registered in The Danish Register of COPD. Linkage to several nationwide registries was performed.Exposure to ICS was determined by identifying all prescriptions for ICS, redeemed within 365 days prior to study entry. Main outcome was a lower respiratory tract sample positive forM. catarrhalis. For the main analysis, a Cox multivariate regression model was used.We defined clinical infection as admission to hospital and/or a redeemed prescription for a relevant antibiotic, within 7 days prior to 14 days after the sample was obtained.ResultsWe found an increased, dose-dependent, risk of a lower respiratory tract sample withM. catarrhalisamong patients who used ICS, compared with non-users. For low and moderate doses of ICS HR was 1.65 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.30, p=0.003) and 1.82 (95% CI 1.32 to 2.51, p=0.0002), respectively. In the group of patients with highest ICS exposure, the HR ofM. catarrhaliswas 2.80 (95% CI 2.06 to 3.82, p<0.0001). Results remained stable in sensitivity analyses. 87% of patients fulfilled the criteria for clinical infection, and results remained unchanged in this population.ConclusionOur study shows a dose-dependent increased risk of infection withM. catarrhalisassociated to ICS exposure.
Novel online calculator to predict reduced risk of early recurrence from adjuvant transarterial chemoembolisation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Wei-Yue , Li Chao , Liu Zhi-Peng , Kong Qing-Yu , Sun Li-Yang , Zeng Yong-Yi , Liang Ying-Jian , Zhou Ya-Hao , Chen Ting-Hao , Chen Zi-Xiang , Wang Ming-Da , Yao Lan-Qing , Lau Wan Yee , Pawlik Timothy M , Shen Feng , Ji Jian-Song , Yang Tian 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe role of adjuvant transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) to reduce postoperative recurrence varies widely among patients undergoing hepatectomy with curative intent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Personalised predictive tool to select which patients may benefit from adjuvant TACE is lacking. This study aimed to develop and validate an online calculator for estimating the reduced risk of early recurrence from adjuvant TACE for patients with HCC.MethodsFrom a multi-institutional database, 2590 eligible patients undergoing curative-intent hepatectomy for HCC were enrolled, and randomly assigned to the training and validation cohorts. Independent predictors of early recurrence within 1 year of surgery were identified in the training cohort, and subsequently used to construct a model and corresponding prediction calculator. The predictive performance of the model was validated using concordance indexes (C-indexes) and calibration curves, and compared with conventional HCC staging systems. The reduced risk of early recurrence when receiving adjuvant TACE was used to estimate the expected benefit from adjuvant TACE.ResultsThe prediction model was developed by integrating eight factors that were independently associated with risk of early recurrence: alpha-fetoprotein level, maximum tumour size, tumour number, macrovascular and microvascular invasion, satellite nodules, resection margin and adjuvant TACE. The model demonstrated good calibration and discrimination in the training and validation cohorts (C-indexes: 0.799 and 0.778, respectively), and performed better among the whole cohort than four conventional HCC staging systems (C-indexes: 0.797 vs 0.562–0.673, all p<0.001). An online calculator was built to estimate the reduced risk of early recurrence from adjuvant TACE for patients with resected HCC.ConclusionsThe proposed calculator can be adopted to assist decision-making for clinicians and patients to determine which patients with resected HCC can significantly benefit from adjuvant TACE.