bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imbricated shell sculpture in benthic bivalves
Authors: Vermeij Geerat J. , Thomson Tracy J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMolluscan shells display a high diversity of external sculpture. Sculptural elements may be symmetrical, where both edges of an element are morphologically similar, or asymmetrical, where one edge is steeper than the other. Asymmetrical sculpture can be ratcheted, with the leading edges (those in the direction of locomotion or growth) less steep than the trailing edges, or imbricated (leading edges steeper than trailing edges). While the ratcheted sculpture is better known, the diversity of imbricated sculpture has remained largely unexplored. In a survey of extant benthic shell‐bearing molluscs, we document imbricated sculpture primarily in epifaunal bivalves or on the exposed sectors of shells of semi‐infaunal bivalves. Imbricated sculpture is particularly widespread in pteriomorphian bivalves, but it is absent in the subclade Mytiloidea as well as in highly mobile Pectinidae. It also occurs in many carditid bivalves (Archiheterodonta) and in phylogenetically scattered euheterodonts. In several infaunal bivalves including species ofCardites(Carditidae),Hecuba(Donacidae), andChione(Veneridae), comarginal elements on the posterior sector are imbricated whereas anterior comarginal ridges are ratcheted. Imbricated sculpture in bivalves tends to be concentrated on the upper (left) valves of pectinids or on the posterior sector of both valves in archiheterodonts and euheterodonts. Imbricated sculpture is uncommon in gastropods, even in epifaunal species, but does occur in the collabral ridges in some Vasidae and a few other groups. Expression of imbricated sculpture does not depend on shell mineral composition or microstructure. The ecological distribution and within‐shell pattern of expression of imbricated sculpture point to the likelihood that this type of asymmetrical sculpture is both widespread and potentially functional. Additionally, we present a potential methodology whereby shell sculpture categories (symmetrical, ratcheted, and imbricated) may be quantified by comparing the lengths of corresponding leading and trailing edges across the shell surface.
Emerging Omicron subvariants evade neutralizing immunity elicited by vaccine or BA.1/BA.2 infection
Authors: Chen Zehui , Li Jiaming , Zheng Jing , Jin Yifei , Zhang Yidun , Tang Fei , Li Jingjing , Cheng Hongliang , Jiang Lina , Wen Huixin , Hong Chao , Zeng Xiaohong , Huang Shijie , Lu Bing , Li Li , Wang Zhongyi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe newly emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Omicron BA.2.75 and BA.2.76 subvariants contained 35 and 29 additional mutations in its spike (S) protein compared with the reference SARS‐CoV‐2 genome, respectively. Here, we measured the evasion degree of the BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BA.2.75, and BA.2.76 subvariants from neutralizing immunity in people previously infected with the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2, determined the effect of vaccination on immune evasion, and compared the titers of neutralizing antibodies in serums between acute infection and convalescence. Results showed that the neutralization effect of serums from patients with different vaccination statuses and BA.1/BA.2 breakthrough infection decreased with the Omicron evolution from BA.1 to BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BA.2.75, and BA.2.76. This study also indicated that the existing vaccines could no longer provide effective protection, especially for the emerging BA.2.75 and BA.2.76 subvariants. Therefore, vaccines against emerging epidemic strains should be designed specifically. In the future, we can not only focus on the current strains, but also predict and design new vaccines against potential mutant strains. At the same time, we can combine the virus strains’ infection characteristics to develop protective measures for virus colonization areas, such as nasal protection spray. Besides, further studies on the Y248N mutation of BA.2.76 subvariant were also necessary to explore its contribution to the enhanced immune evasion ability.
Enhanced electroencephalography effective connectivity in frontal low‐gamma band correlates of emotional regulation after mindfulness training
Authors: Ng Hei‐Yin Hydra , Wu Changwei W. , Huang Feng‐Ying , Huang Chih‐Mao , Hsu Chia‐Fen , Chao Yi‐Ping , Jung Tzyy‐Ping , Chuang Chun‐Hsiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPracticing mindfulness, focusing attention on the internal and external experiences occurring in the present moment with open and nonjudgement stance, can lead to the development of emotional regulation skills. Yet, the effective connectivity of brain regions during mindfulness has been largely unexplored. Studies have shown that mindfulness practice promotes functional connectivity in practitioners, potentially due to improved emotional regulation abilities and increased connectivity in the lateral prefrontal areas. To examine the changes in effective connectivity due to mindfulness training, we analyzed electroencephalogram (EEG) signals taken before and after mindfulness training, focusing on training‐related effective connectivity changes in the frontal area. The mindfulness training group participated in an 8‐week mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) program. The control group did not take part. Regardless of the specific mindfulness practice used, low‐gamma band effective connectivity increased globally after the mindfulness training. High‐beta band effective connectivity increased globally only duringBreathing. Moreover, relatively higher outgoing effective connectivity strength was seen duringRestingandBreathingandBody‐scan. By analyzing the changes in outgoing and incoming connectivity edges, both F7 and F8 exhibited strong parietal connectivity duringRestingandBreathing. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the changes in effective connectivity of the right lateral prefrontal area predicted mindfulness and emotional regulation abilities. These results partially support the theory that the lateral prefrontal areas have top‐down modulatory control, as these areas have high outflow effective connectivity, implying that mindfulness training cultivates better emotional regulation.
Intrahippocampal injection of IL‐1β upregulates Siah1‐mediated degradation of synaptophysin by activation of the ERK signaling in male rat
Authors: Zhou Qiuping , Lin Lanfen , Li Haiyan , Li Yichen , Liu Nan , Wang Huifang , Jiang Shuqi , Li Qian , Chen Zhuo , Lin Yiyan , Jin Hui , Deng Yiyu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInterleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) has been described to exert important effect on synapses in the brain. Here, we explored if the synapses in the hippocampus would be adversely affected following intracerebral IL‐1β injection and, if so, to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control, IL‐1β, IL‐1β + PD98059, and IL‐1β + MG132 groups and then sacrificed for detection of synaptophysin (syn) protein level, synaptosome glutamate release, and synapse ultrastructure by western blotting, glutamate kit and electron microscopy, respectively. These rats were tested by Morris water maze for learning and memory ability. It was determined by western blotting whether IL‐1β exerted the effect of on syn and siah1 expression in primary neurons via extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway. Intrahippocampal injection of IL‐1β in male rats and sacrificed at 8d resulted in a significant decrease in syn protein, damage of synapse structure, and abnormal release of neurotransmitters glutamate. ERK inhibitor and proteosome inhibitor treatment reversed the above changes induced by IL‐1β both in vivo and in vitro. In primary cultured neurons incubated with IL‐1β, the expression level of synaptophysin was significantly downregulated coupled with abnormal glutamate release. Furthermore, use of PD98059 had confirmed that ERK signaling pathway was implicated in synaptic disorders caused by IL‐1β treatment. The present results suggest that exogenous IL‐1β can suppress syn protein level and glutamate release. A possible mechanism for this is that IL‐1β induces syn degradation that is regulated by the E3 ligase siah1 via the ERK signaling pathway.
Emotional intelligence and career success: Does resilience matter?
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Tiwari Vivek 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAchieving success in one's career has numerous positive consequences for individuals as well as for organizations. This study examines the influence of emotional intelligence measures on career success. Also, using the broaden and build theory, we propose employee resilience as an underlying mechanism connecting emotional intelligence measures and career success. Data were collected from employees working in different IT organizations in India's northern region. Confirmatory factor analysis followed by path analysis using the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method in AMOS was performed. Results found that all the emotional intelligence measures directly affect career success and employee resilience. For instance, the adaptability dimension had the most significant direct impact on career success, whereas the interpersonal dimension emerged as the leading predictor of resilience among all five emotional intelligence dimensions. In addition, employee resilience was identified as a partial mediator between all emotional intelligence measures and career success. The present study offers some insightful theoretical and practical implications.
Natural versus conventional production of Spanish white wines: an exploratory study
Authors: Sáenz‐Navajas María‐Pilar , Sánchez Carlota , Gonzalez‐Hernandez Marivel , Bueno Mónica , Peña Cristina , Fernández‐Zurbano Purificación , Ballester Jordi , Parga‐Dans Eva , González Pablo Alonso 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDNatural wine (NW) lacks an official or agreed definition, but it can be generally described as a wine produced with organic or biodynamic grapes with minimal intervention in the cellar, and with minimal or no use of oenological additives. The present study aimed to test the hypotheses that self‐defined NWs differ from conventional wines (CW) in their chemical composition and main sensory characteristics. The levels of conventional oenological parameters, turbidity, biogenic amines, ochratoxin A, ethyl carbamate, sulphites, chlorides, some metals, major, trace and Strecker aldehyde volatile compounds were determined in 28 wines, including natural and conventional Spanish commercial white wines. Wines were also sensory described following a labelled free sorting task.RESULTSNWs presented higher pH, volatile acidity (VA) and turbidity values, and a more intense yellow colour, whereas they have a lower malic acid content compared to theor conventional counterparts. NWs presented lower levels of total sulphur dioxide but significantly higher levels of biogenic amine putrescine, although both compounds are within the legal limits in all cases. None of the dimensions of the similarity space discriminated NWs from CWs. However, 70% of the NWs were grouped on the basis of various aromatic defects related to their higher content in 4‐ethylphenols and VA. The remaining 30% were not differentiated from their conventional counterparts.CONCLUSIONIt could be confirmed that NW can be globally differentiated from CW with respect to to their chemical and their sensory profiles, whereas the content in toxicants was not significantly different, with the exception of total sulphur dioxide and putrescine levels. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Dexmedetomidine promotes ferroptotic cell death in gastric cancer via hsa_circ_0008035/miR‐302a/E2F7axis
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wang Xiao‐Liang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDexmedetomidine (DEX), a common anesthetic, has significant effects on the biological features of cancer cells. Although numerous studies have been published on the impact of DEX on the biological characteristics of GC cells, the mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect of DEX on the biological properties of GC cells. DEX suppressed the viability and increased the apoptosis of GC cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Besides, DEX raised the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron, but decreased the levels of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) in GC cells, which were abolished by Ferrostatin‐1 (the inhibitor of ferroptosis) treatment. In addition, the level of circ0008035 and E2F7 were downregulated, but miR‐302a level was upregulated in DEX‐treated GC cells. Circ0008035 increased the expression of E2F2 by acting as a sponge for miR‐302a. Circ0008035 inhibited DEX‐induced ferroptotic cell death in GC cells, which was reversed by miR‐302a overexpression or E2F7 reduction. Taken together, DEX mediated ferroptotic cell death in GC through regulating the circ0008035/miR‐302a/E2F7 axis, suggesting a feasible therapy option for GC.
Scalable On‐Chip Microdisk Resonator Spectrometer
Authors: Sun Chunlei , Chen Zequn , Ye Yuting , Lei Kunhao , Ma Hui , Wei Maoliang , Tang Renjie , Wu Jianghong , Lin Hongtao , Li Lan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOn‐chip micro‐spectrometers are sought after with great effort owing to extensive potential applications in mobile optical sensing and imaging. By multiplexing more physical channels, the reconstructive spectrometers based on the spectral‐to‐spatial mapping technique can improve the spectral range. However, this method is challenging to implement and sustain due to the increase in system complexity and the decrease of dynamic range or spectral resolution. Here, a micro‐spectrometer utilizing a single tunable microdisk resonator (MDR) is demonstrated. Such a single MDR spectrometer has only one physical channel to receive all spectral components with a compact size, overcoming the trade‐off among spectral resolution, spectral range, and dynamic range. Leveraging the wavelength and temperature‐dependent response matrix, unknown spectra are reconstructed from their corresponding output light intensity vector. The fabricated device illustrates a high resolution of 0.01 nm for a dual peak and a medium resolution of 0.2 nm in the 20 nm spectral range. A wide variety of complex input spectra, including narrowband and broadband spectral signals, can be well recovered, exhibiting the robustness of the spectral reconstruction approach. Moreover, this proposed spectrometer exhibits ease of scalability and flexible configuration to a spectrometer array covering a set of desired and even discrete spectral ranges.
How do employee stock ownership plans programs and ownership structure affect bank performance? Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Duong Khoa Dang , Le Vu Hoi , Nguyen Diep Van , Pham Ha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes how employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) and ownership structure affect bank performance. The study employs the generalized method of moments to examine data from 39 Vietnamese commercial banks from 2009 to 2020. The findings indicate that banks with ESOP improve ROA by 57% more than banks without ESOP. However, a percentage increase in state and domestic ownership reduces the ROA by 0.7% and 0.4%, respectively. The study has important implications for governments and regulators. While the findings do not support the cherry‐picking and free‐rider theories, they align with agency theory and prior literature.
Christmas‐Related Reduction in Beta Activity in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Feldmann Lucia K. , Lofredi Roxanne , Al‐Fatly Bassam , Busch Johannes L. , Mathiopoulou Varvara , Roediger Jan , Krause Patricia , Schneider Gerd‐Helge , Faust Katharina , Horn Andreas , Kühn Andrea A. , Neumann Wolf‐Julian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundSubthalamic nucleus (STN) beta (13 ‐ 35 Hz) activity is a biomarker reflecting motor state in Parkinson's disease (PD). Adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS) aims to use beta activity for therapeutic adjustments, but many aspects of beta activity in real‐life situations are unknown.ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate Christmas‐related influences on beta activity in PD.MethodsDifferences in Christmas Day to nonfestive daily averages in chronic biomarker recordings in 4 PD patients with a sensing‐enabled STN DBS implant were retrospectively analyzed. Sweet‐spot and whole‐brain network connectomic analyses were performed.ResultsBeta activity was significantly reduced on Christmas Eve in all patients (4.00–9.00 p.m.: −12.30 ± 10.78%, P = 0.015). A sweet spot in the dorsolateral STN connected recording sites to motor, premotor, and supplementary motor cortices.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that festive events can reduce beta biomarker activity. We conclude that circadian and holiday‐related changes should be considered when tailoring adaptive DBS algorithms to patient demands. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
A micromechanics‐based recurrent neural networks model for path‐dependent cyclic deformation of short fiber composites
Authors: Friemann J. , Dashtbozorg B. , Fagerström M. , Mirkhalaf S. M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe macroscopic response of short fiber reinforced composites (SFRCs) is dependent on an extensive range of microstructural parameters. Thus, micromechanical modeling of these materials is challenging and in some cases, computationally expensive. This is particularly important when path‐dependent plastic behavior is needed to be predicted. A solution to this challenge is to enhance micromechanical solutions with machine learning techniques such as artificial neural networks. In this work, a recurrent deep neural network model is trained to predict the path‐dependent elasto‐plastic stress response of SFRCs, given the microstructural parameters and the strain path. Micromechanical mean‐field simulations are conducted to create a database for training the validating the model. The model gives very accurate predictions in a computationally efficient manner when compared with independent micromechanical simulations.
Analysis and mitigation of spatial integration errors for the material point method
Authors: Baumgarten Aaron S. , Kamrin Ken 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe material point method (MPM) is a robust numerical simulation approach for continuum mechanics problems involving large material deformations coupled to changing surface topographies. These types of problems are present in many different engineering contexts, from understanding the failure processes of earthen slopes to predicting the strengths and failure mechanisms of body armor to modeling the impact forces of waves in fluid tanks. By using a set of persistent material point tracers to follow the motion and deformation of the continuum material while solving the equations of motion on a static simulation grid, the MPM avoids several shortcomings of more traditional numerical approaches including blurring of material surfaces — as in Eulerian finite element or finite volume methods (FEMs or FVMs) — and mesh tangling — as in Lagrangian FEMs. Despite its robustness, MPM is known to develop significant numerical errors: namely, (i) the particle ringing instability and (ii) solution dependent discretization and integration errors. In this work, we present an analysis of local‐in‐time, spatial integration errors in the MPM and several techniques designed to mitigate these errors. Error mitigation approaches previously described in the literature are compared to a new method we propose for problems involving very large material deformations. The proposed method is shown to offer substantial improvement over standard MPM for simulations of fluid‐like materials without requiring significant augmentation of existing MPM frameworks.
“We are really starving for respect and support,” the struggle of Iranian nurses in adhering to professional values: A qualitative study
Authors: Kazemi Sahar , Parizad Naser , Habibzadeh Hossein 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate nurses' experiences of adhering to professional values in clinical settings.DesignA qualitative study with a conventional content analysis approach.MethodsThis study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2022. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 12 nurses working in different wards of five public and private hospitals in West Azerbaijan of Iran. Data were analysed using the conventional content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman (Nurse education today, 24, 2004, 105)Results“Barriers to nurses' professional values” emerged as the main category of Iranian nurses' experiences in adhering to professional values. Three subcategories of barriers were revealed: “nurses' challenges,” “professional suppressors” and “poor working conditions.”ConclusionBarriers in clinical settings can overshadow nurses' professional performance and disrupt their adherence to professional values. Nursing managers must pay attention to nurses' challenges, their professional suppressors and poor working condition to help them promote their professional performance in clinical settings. Thus, nursing managers should not neglect the continuous education of nurses to assist them in increasing their clinical skills by holding practical and theoretical workshops. Improving the working conditions and clinical atmosphere by recruiting a capable workforce and applying psychological and financial support for nurses are essential to increase the quality of nursing care.
Using trust‐based philanthropy with community‐based organizations during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Powell Rachel , Evans Dorothy , Bednar Hailey , Oladipupo Brittany , Sidibe Turquoise 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCommunity‐based organizations (CBOs) fill a critical role in acting as public health partners and trusted resources for their communities, especially in an emergency. The CDC Foundation, an independent, nonprofit organization, used trust‐based philanthropy to manage more than 110 COVID‐19 grants focused on equitable vaccine information, outreach, and access. The CDC Foundation team uses a trust‐based philanthropy paradigm by applying five out of six of the grantmaking practices: do the homework; simplify and streamline paperwork; be transparent and responsive; solicit and act on feedback; and offer support beyond the check. By applying trust‐based philanthropy practices, the CDC Foundation is empowering CBOs through flexible grant management and more equitable power dynamics as grantee and grantor. This has been essential to CBOs in their efforts of tackling health inequities during the COVID‐19 pandemic and improving community resilience. Lessons learned will inform future collaborations with CBOs where the power dynamics are shared.