bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitophagy suppresses motor neuron necroptotic mitochondrial damage and alleviates necroptosis that converges to SARM1 in acrylamide‐induced dying‐back neuropathy
Authors: Wang Shuai , Yang Yiyu , Yu Zhigang , Song Mingxue , Liu Zhidan , Shan Shulin , Yong Hui , Ni Wenting , Qiang Yalong , Zhang Cuiqin , Wang Shu’e , Zhao Xiulan , Song Fuyong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcrylamide (ACR), a common industrial ingredient that is also found in many foodstuffs, induces dying‐back neuropathy in humans and animals. However, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Sterile alpha and toll/interleukin 1 receptor motif‐containing protein 1 (SARM1) is the central determinant of axonal degeneration and has crosstalk with different cell death programs to determine neuronal survival. Herein, we illustrated the role of SARM1 in ACR‐induced dying‐back neuropathy. We further demonstrated the upstream programmed cell death mechanism of this SARM1‐dependent process. Spinal cord motor neurons that were induced to overexpress SARM1 underwent necroptosis rather than apoptosis in ACR neuropathy. Mechanically, non‐canonical necroptotic pathways mediated mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial fission. What's more, the final executioner of necroptosis, phosphorylation‐activated mixed lineage kinase domain‐like protein (MLKL), aggregated in mitochondrial fractions. Rapamycin intervention removed the impaired mitochondria, inhibited necroptosis for axon maintenance and neuronal survival, and alleviated ACR neuropathy. Our work clarified the functional links among mitophagy, necroptosis, and SARM1‐dependent axonal destruction during ACR intoxication, providing novel therapeutic targets for dying‐back neuropathies.image
Sub‐second timing irregularities in a simple motor task in autism spectrum disorder: Preliminary effects of intermittent light stimulation
Authors: Carmo Joana C. , Filipe Carlos N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSeveral authors have contributed extensively to the neurocognitive understanding of timing. In Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) on the contrary, internal timing and its functioning is not well understood. In this study, we have adapted a simple finger‐tapping motor task, with a timing component, as we aim at understanding whether the processing of time is preserved in this population. We have tested a group of people on the autism spectrum without intellectual disabilities and a control sample recruited from the general population, matched for age, sex, schooling and general cognitive abilities on this task with a learning and testing phase. In the testing phase, we have added two exploratory conditions where participants were exposed to intermittent light stimulation of 4 and 8 Hz. Results show that both in the learning and testing phase, besides troubles in the motor component encountered by the people on the spectrum, their timing component performance was also problematic. This reveals to be especially true for time intervals below the 1 s range, as hypothesized, whereas performance in longer intervals is clearly preserved. It was also observed that the exposure to intermittent light stimulation specifically overcomes the difficulties observed in the autistic group, at the timing components at this millisecond time range. The observed timing difficulties in this group seem to be restricted to the system responsible for the processing of time intervals in the milliseconds range, which helps accommodate disparate findings in the literature.
Casual association between childhood body mass index and risk of psoriasis: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Yuan , Zhang Wei , Chen Gaihe , Zhao Peng , Wu Chuyan , Bao Yunlei , Jiang Feng , Zeng Ni , Ding Yan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies have suggested that childhood body mass index (BMI) is associated with the risk of psoriasis. However, their causal relationship remains unclear. In this investigation, we aimed to determine whether an association exists between childhood BMI and psoriasis.MethodsUsing summary statistics for childhood BMI of European descent from publicly available GWAS meta‐analyses (n = 39 620), we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) research using the inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, and MR‐Egger regression techniques. The outcome was a genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) for the self‐reported non‐cancer disease classification psoriasis in the UK Biobank population (total n = 337 159; case = 3871; control = 333 288).ResultsWe selected instrumental variables from 16 single‐molecule polymorphisms that attained genome‐wide significance in GWAS on childhood BMI. Using the IVW method, our findings supported a causal relationship between childhood BMI and psoriasis (beta = 0.003, standard error [SE] = 0.001, p = 0.006). Using MR‐Egger regression analysis, we evaluated the potential for directional pleiotropy to bias our results (intercept = 0.00039, p‐value = 0.247) and found no causal relationship between childhood BMI and psoriasis (beta = −0.002, SE = 0.004, p = 0.625). The weighted median method, however, provided proof of a causal relationship (beta = 0.003, SE = 0.001, p = 0.029). Cochran's Q test and the funnel plot revealed little proof of heterogeneity or asymmetry, indicating the lack of directional pleiotropy.ConclusionAccording to the findings of the MR analysis, an increased childhood BMI may be linked to a higher likelihood of psoriasis.
Whitening and moisturizing enhancing effects of three‐dimensional human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned medium‐containing cream
Authors: Kim Kyung Hye , Lee Sunray , Bae Seunghee 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐functional cosmetic products combined with the concept of “treatment” cosmetics are being introduced to the market. Cosmetic products containing a skin‐derived microbiome, a three‐dimensional (3D) stem cell culture medium, and low‐molecular‐weight collagen are being introduced, and these products are leading the cosmeceutical market. We aimed to confirm the potential of a 3D stem cell culture medium‐containing cream as a skin‐whitening and moisturizing product.AimTo determine the enhancing effects of a cream containing 3D adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned media (3D ADMSC‐CM) on whitening and moisturization.MethodsThe inhibitory activities of tyrosinase (TYR) and melanin were confirmed using 3D ADMSC‐CM. Furthermore, hyaluronic acid expression in 3D ADMSC‐CM was verified. The clinical efficacy of the cream containing 3D ADMSC‐CM was established by evaluating its antioxidant properties and effects on skin tone, radiance, freckles, and moisturization.ResultsThe use of 3D ADMSC‐CM suppressed the inhibitory effects of TYR and melanin by approximately 24% and 33%, respectively, and increased the expression of hyaluronic acid synthase. A significant difference was observed after 4 weeks of using 3D ADMSC‐CM in the skin antioxidant evaluation. After 2 and 4 weeks of use, skin tone and radiance increased and skin freckles decreased significantly. Under extremely cold and dry weather conditions, the use of the cream increased skin moisturization.ConclusionsThe 3D ADMSC‐CM cream evaluated in an environment similar to the human body was found to enhance skin whitening and moisturization and can therefore be used in the skin care and cosmetic industries as a biocosmetic product.
Person‐centred oral hydration care for older people with dementia admitted to acute hospital wards: Empirical research qualitative
Authors: Higgins Shanlee , Baillie Lesley , Moorley Calvin , Nolan Fiona 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo conduct an in‐depth exploration of oral hydration care provided to people living with dementia in acute hospital wards, using a person‐centred care framework.BackgroundOral hydration care is an important, yet rarely explored aspect of fundamental care for people with dementia admitted to acute hospitals. Using person‐centred care as a conceptual framework we investigated how oral hydration care is delivered for people living with dementia in acute hospital wards.DesignA qualitative, multiple‐case study. The cases were three acute wards in one hospital.MethodsDirect observation of care for 13 people with dementia (132 h), semistructured interviews with ward staff (n = 28), ward leaders (n = 4), organisational leaders (n = 5), people with dementia (n = 6), their relatives (n = 5), documentary analysis of clinical inpatient records (n = 26) and relevant hospital policies. Data were analysed using framework analysis.ResultsFour themes were identified: (1) The acute hospital: oral hydration is obscured and not prioritised (2) Overshadowing of oral hydration at ward level (3) Siloed nature of hydration roles (4) Strategies for, and barriers to, delivering person‐centred oral hydration care.ConclusionsThis study combines the concept of person‐centred care and oral hydration care for people living with dementia admitted to acute hospital wards, demonstrating that person‐centred hydration care was complex and not prioritised.Relevance to Clinical PracticeNurses should consider means of improving prioritisation and cohesive delivery of person‐centred hydration care in acute hospital wards.
High‐grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia after hysterectomy for high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: Is hysterectomy a “definitive” treatment compared to conization?
Authors: Tanaka Miyu , Yamanoi Koji , Taki Mana , Kitamura Sachiko , Sunada Masumi , Chigusa Yoshitsugu , Horie Akihito , Yamaguchi Ken , Hamanishi Junzo , Mandai Masaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimWe investigated the frequency of early recurrence of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 (VaIN 2/3) (within 2 years) after hysterectomy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3). The characteristics of the clinicopathological factors common to them were explored including different surgical methods.MethodsAs a retrospective observational study, a total of 647 CIN3 patients were divided into a conization and hysterectomy group (C group, n = 492; H group, n = 155), and HSIL (CIN2/3 or VaIN2/3) recurrence within 2 years after surgery was evaluated. A stratified analyses was performed. Surgical methods were divided into trans‐abdominal, trans‐vaginal, and laparoscopic.ResultsThe recurrence of VaIN3 was detected in four cases (2.6%) in the H group, which was similar to that of CIN2/3 in the C group, 12 out of 491 patients (2.4%). The patients who developed VaIN3 were significantly older than those who did not (median, VaIN3: 71.0; VaIN1 and less: 48.0; p < 0.0001). All VaIN3 cases were detected within 5 months, although majority of cases were negative in the margin (3/4 cases; margin negative). The method of hysterectomy was not related to the VaIN3 recurrence.ConclusionFor CIN3 patients for whom hysterectomy is the main treatment, VaIN3 can develop in 2.6% within very shortly after operation even if surgical margin was negative. The elder the age, the higher the risk of early recurrence could be. Laparoscopic surgery is considered to be acceptable methods of hysterectomy.
Evaluation of fetal adrenal artery Doppler velocimetry and fetal adrenal gland size in pregnancies after recovery from COVID‐19
Authors: Uyan Hendem Derya , Oluklu Deniz , Menekse Beser Dilek , Yildirim Muradiye , Sakcak Bedri , Turgut Ezgi , Sahin Dilek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimAssessment of the fetal adrenal gland (FAG) size and middle adrenal artery (MAA) Doppler parameters in pregnancy recovered from Coronavirus Disease (COVID‐19) and comparison of the values with the healthy control group.MethodsThirty‐eight pregnant women who had recovered from COVID‐19 infection and 76 healthy control group between 33 and 35 weeks of gestation were involved in this case–control study. Fetuses were examined for fetal biometry, fetal well‐being, adrenal gland dimensions, and Doppler parameters 4–6 weeks after the diagnosis of COVID 19 infection. FAG dimensions were measured in two planes and MAA blood flow velocity was evaluated with pulsed Doppler. Pregnant women with COVID‐19 infection were grouped according to the National Institutes of Health for the severity of the disease, and those with mild and moderate infections were examined in the study.ResultsThe total adrenal gland (TAG) height, fetal zone (FZ) length and width, and MAA‐Peak Systolic Velocity (MAA‐PSV) were significantly higher, and the MAA‐Pulsatility Index (MAA‐PI) was significantly lower in the COVID‐19 group (p < 0.05). The lower in MAA‐PI and the higher in MAA‐PSV, the width of the FZ, and width of the TAG were found to be significant in the moderate group compared to the mild groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionCOVID‐19 pregnancies might cause early maturation of the FAG and its vasculature depends on the intrauterine stress due to the hyper‐inflammation, so fetuses exposed to maternal COVID‐19 suggested to have an increase in blood flow to the adrenal gland and fetal adrenal size.
The role of MRI in the prognosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy
Authors: Kitaguchi Tomoaki , Ota Yoshiaki , Liao Eric , Moritani Toshio , Shah Gaurang , Yamada Kei , Srinivasan Ashok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeWernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a severe acute disorder related to thiamine deficiency. This study was aimed at revealing the relationship between clinical and imaging findings and WE recovery.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 34 cases of WE diagnosed between 2003 and 2020 (median age: 57 years, 14 females) at two academic institutions. WE cases were divided into two groups with symptomatic recovery within 4 weeks (group 1) or later (group 2). The lesion sites were divided into typical and atypical sites (total sites defined as when either typical or atypical sites were involved). Clinical and MRI features were compared between them as appropriate.ResultsWE patients were divided into group 1 (19 cases, median age: 57 years, 10 females) and group 2 (15 cases, median age: 57 years, four females). Regarding clinical features, only cerebellar ataxia was more often observed in group 1 than in group 2. Regarding MRI features, signal abnormality on T2‐weighted image (WI)/fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) was more often observed in atypical sites between groups 1 and 2 (1/19 vs. 7/15; p = .01). There were significant differences between groups 1 and 2 regarding the presence of both vasogenic edema and cytotoxic edema in total sites (4/11 vs. 11/15, p = .005; 1/19 vs. 6/15, p = .03), with a significant difference in the presence of vasogenic edema in typical sites (4/19 vs. 10/15, p = .01).ConclusionThe early recovered group showed a lower incidence of T2WI/FLAIR abnormality in atypical sites and diffusion signal abnormality in total or typical sites with a lower incidence of cerebellar ataxia.
Mental health nurses' attitudes towards risk assessment: An integrative systematic review
Authors: Dickens Geoffrey L. , Al Maqbali Mohammed , Hallett Nutmeg , Ion Robin , Kemp Caroline , Schoultz Mariyana , Watson Fiona 
Published: June 2023

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

Risk assessment and risk management are considered to be important practices carried out by mental health nurses.

Risk assessment can help keep mental health service users' safe, but some nurses see it as a ‘tick the box’ exercise.

Some studies have looked at nurses' attitudes to risk assessment but no one has systematically described all the studies.

What the article adds to existing knowledge?

Mental health nurses' attitudes towards risk assessment are diverse with regard to its legitimacy, conduct and value.

This study provides an organised framework to help understand the areas in which these different attitudes occur.

What are the implications for practice?

Since attitudes can influence clinical practice, nurses need to reflect on how they view risk assessment. Further research is required to investigate whether particular attitudes are positive or negative and whether attitudes can be changed.

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding nurses' attitudes towards risk assessment could inform education and practice improvements.Aim/QuestionTo explore mental health nurses' attitudes towards risk assessment.MethodAn integrative systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023398287). Multiple databases (PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO) were searched for primary studies of mental health nurses' attitudes towards risk assessment. Qualitative studies were subject to inductive coding and thematic analysis; quantitative data were integrated with emerging themes.ResultsEighteen articles were included. Qualitative studies commonly lacked rigorous analyses. Four themes emerged: underlying purpose and legitimacy of risk assessment (philosophical orientation); use of structured approaches (technical orientation); value of intuition (intuitive orientation); and service user involvement (relationships orientation). There were contradictory study findings in each thematic category indicating different attitudes among mental health nurses.DiscussionMental health nurses' attitudes towards risk assessment vary in four key domains. Survey studies suggest they are more approving of structured approaches to risk assessment than many qualitative studies suggest. There is a need to develop a valid measure of attitudes to risk assessment.Implications for PracticeThis review could help health organisations to develop strategies to improve their risk assessment policies and practice. There is a need to develop structured training and education programmes.
Certified Child Life Specialist role in implementation of individualized coping plans for children receiving botulinum toxin injections
Authors: Mikuluk Brittany , Guttoo Parishma , Anderson Avery , Skeens Micah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of evidence‐based, individualized coping plans and to compare the rates of child anxiety, child cooperation, and parent anxiety before and after implementation of these coping plans for children receiving recurring BoNT‐A injections emphasizing the role of Certified Child Life Specialists (CCLSs) within the interdisciplinary team approach.Design and MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted for children receiving BoNT‐A injections at a Physical Medicine clinic pre‐ and post‐implementation of the coping plan. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate care plan implementation, child cooperation, child anxiety, and parent anxiety.ResultsPost‐implementation of coping care plans, children experienced improved cooperation during BoNT‐A injections. Parental anxiety decreased once coping plans were implemented. Documentation improved after the implementation of coping plans specific to areas involving cooperation, child's anxiety and distress, and parental anxiety and distress. It was also noted that there was an increase in child anxiety assessments within documentation.Practice ImplicationsCCLS were able to utilize their expertise to collaboratively create individualized coping care plans to increase child's cooperation and decrease parental anxiety during BoNT‐A injections.
Micro‐XCT chondrule classification for subsequent isotope analysis
Authors: Jäggi Noah , Roth Antoine S. G. , Rüfenacht Miriam , Schönbächler Maria , Galli André 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChondrules are microscopic, recrystallized melt droplets found in chondritic meteorites. High‐resolution isotope analyses of minor elements require large enough element quantities which are obtained by dissolving entire chondrules. This work emphasizes the importance of X‐ray computed tomography (XCT) to detect features that can significantly affect the bulk chondrule isotope composition. It thereby expands on other works by looking into chondrules from a wide range of chondrites including CR, CV, CB, CM, L, and EL samples before turning toward complex and time‐consuming chemical processing. The features considered are metal and igneous rims, compound chondrules, matrix remnants, and metal contents. In addition to the identification of these features, computed tomography prevents the inclusion of non‐chondrule samples (pure matrix or metal) as well as samples where two different chondrule fragments with potentially different isotope compositions are held together by matrix. Matrix surrounding chondrules is also easily detected and the affected chondrules can be omitted or reprocessed. The results strongly encourage to perform XCT before dissolution of chondrules for isotope analysis as a non‐invasive method.
The pursuit of clinical recognition: Aesthetics, care, and music therapy in North American hospitals
Authors: Evans Meredith 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article examines the making of clinical care by tracing how music therapists integrate their work within North American hospitals. Situated on the margins of the clinic, music therapists are in pursuit of clinical recognition—to be perceived and understood as valuable to biomedicine. The pursuit of clinical recognition illustrates how the configuration of care is an aesthetic concern, negotiated not only through processes of reasoning and rationalization but also through sensory‐affective experiences. Music therapists cultivate a clinical aesthetic to their care by demonstrating clinical efficacy to their medical colleagues and self‐fashioning clinical subjectivities through participation in medical rounds and charting. While clinical recognition creates conditions of possibility for music therapists to provide care in biomedical institutions, recognition is perpetually elusive for hospital music therapists. By cultivating sonic atmospheres and connections, music therapists disrupt and exceed a normative clinical aesthetic, illustrating ways of caring in the clinic beyond biomedical scripts.
Rortyan therapists, pragmatist engineers, and white nationalist egotists: A response to Huckerby, Huetter‐Almerigi, and Showler
Authors: Llanera Tracy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis essay is a reply to commentaries by Elin Danielsen Huckerby, Yvonne Huetter‐Almerigi, and Paul Showler on Tracy Llanera's Richard Rorty: Outgrowing Modern Nihilism (2020).