bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phlebitis in Takayasu arteritis: A case‐based literature review
Authors: Dang Xin , Zhu Qingqing , Zou Yuzhen , Han Yongmei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTakayasu arteritis (TAK) is the main type of large vessel arteritis in young adults, which mainly affects the aorta and its main branches, leading to clinical manifestations such as syncope, intermittent limb claudication, hypertension, and abdominal pain. Among them, venous involvement is rarely reported. Here we show a case of TAK presenting as phlebitis. This was a 27‐year‐old woman, who initially admitted to our hospital with myalgia of the upper and lower extremities and night sweats. She was diagnosed as TAK according to the 1990 American College of Rheumatology TAK criteria. Surprisingly, vascular ultrasonography revealed wall thickening as indicated by macaroni sign of the multiple veins. TAK phlebitis appeared at the active phase, while disappearing rapidly at remission. Phlebitis might have a close relationship with disease activity. By retrospective study in our department, the estimated incidence rate of phlebitis might be 9.1% in TAK. With the literature review, it revealed that phlebitis might be an ignored manifestation in active TAK. However, due to the smaller sample size, it should be noted that a direct cause‐effect relationship cannot be established.
Prenatal detection of major congenital malformations in a cohort of 19 367 Danish fetuses with a complete follow‐up six months after birth
Authors: Hjort‐Pedersen Karina , Olesen Annette Wind , Garne Ester , Sperling Lene 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate the performance of the second‐trimester ultrasound scan regarding ultrasound‐detectable congenital malformations in a Danish region. The study sample was population‐based, with 6 months of postnatal follow‐up. Hospital records and autopsy reports were reviewed in each case to validate the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.Material and methodsThis population‐based cohort study included all fetuses (n = 19.367) alive at the second‐trimester scan in four hospitals in a Danish region. The final diagnosis of the malformations was based on hospital records during the 6‐month postnatal follow‐up. In case of termination or stillbirth, the result from the autopsy report was used to validate the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.ResultsThe detection rate of congenital malformations in the prenatal screening program was 69%, where 18% was detected on the first‐trimester scan and 51% on the second‐trimester scan. Another 8% was detected in the third trimester. Specificity was 99.9%. The positive predictive value of the screening program was 94.5%, and the negative predictive value was 99.5%. The overall prevalence of malformations was 16.8 per 1000 fetuses, most frequently in the heart and the urinary tract.ConclusionsThis study shows that the national screening program for congenital malformations can detect many severe malformations and is an effective screening test for malformations.
Left atrial strain predicts improvement in left atrial functions of severe rheumatic mitral stenoses undergoing successful percutaneous transmitral commissurotomy
Authors: Sharma Prabhat , Garg Salil , Malani Susheel Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsChronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is prevalent in India. The mitral valve in isolation or combination with the aortic or tricuspid valve is involved in 31.6% and 52.8% of chronic RHD patients, respectively. The left atrium (LA) functions as a reservoir during the cardiac cycle. Therefore, the LA enlargement leads to longitudinal lengthening, measured as a positive strain, permitting the measurement of the longitudinal strain of LA. This study aimed to assess the LA functions using peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) in patients with severe rheumatic mitral stenoses (MS) in sinus rhythm who underwent successful percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC).Material and MethodsWe recruited 56 patients with severe rheumatic MS for the study, of which 06 PTMC procedures were considered unsuccessful. So, 50 patients of chronic severe rheumatic MS in sinus rhythm undergoing PTMC were enrolled in a tertiary care centre of the Armed Forces from August 2017 to May 2019. Patients included in the study were not consecutive, and patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) were excluded.ResultsPALS improved post‑PTMC (P < .001) in this study, effectively concluding that PALS is impaired in patients with severe symptomatic MS and is acutely enhanced after treatment.ConclusionsPALS is a good indicator of LA function and may predict the success of PTMC on the rheumatic mitral valve.
Acceptance of preventive home visits by nurses – The user perspective
Authors: Blotenberg Britta , Seeling Stefanie , Büscher Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate acceptance of preventive home visits (PHVs) for older adults in rural Germany.DesignQualitative descriptive approach.SampleWe investigated the personal, individual perspective of adults aged 65 to 85, who were not yet eligible for benefits from the long‐term care insurance, were able to understand and speak German, and who lived in the municipality under study.MeasurementsFifteen semi‐structured interviews were conducted between 02/2019 and 08/2020. They were transcribed, coded using MAXQDA, and content analyzed. Ethical approval was obtained.ResultsThe acceptance of PHVs was extremely high and characterized by five main effects: very close relationship with the nurse, well‐being, empowerment, satisfaction, ambivalence. Participants wish to receive PHVs in the future and would recommend it to others. Even those with a healthy or health‐promoting lifestyle are thankful to be able to refer to the counselling sessions if life circumstances should deteriorate. Those who became care‐dependent wish to continue and perceive it as a valuable addition to their care.ConclusionFrom the participants’ point of view, this low‐threshold counselling‐and‐support approach should be maintained in the future. PHVs can support health and independence in older adults and therefore prevent them from becoming care‐dependent.
Constraint on the chemical potentials of hydrogen and proton in recombination
Authors: Sales L. L. , Carvalho F. C. , Souza H. T. C. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we revisit the hydrogen recombination history from a novel perspective: the evolution of chemical potentials. We derive expressions for the chemical potentials, which depend on the thermal bath temperature and the ionization degree of the universe. Our main finding reveals a constraint between the chemical potentials of hydrogen and proton at$$z\approx 1200$$z≈1200when the free electron fraction is$$X_e\approx 1/3$$Xe≈1/3. Furthermore, we present important data on the chemical potentials during recombination, highlighting the differences between the predictions of the Peebles’ and CosmoRec code solutions. Finally, we discuss a particular case related to the chemical potential of hydrogen.
RLY-4008, the First Highly Selective FGFR2 Inhibitor with Activity acrossFGFR2Alterations and Resistance Mutations
Authors: Subbiah Vivek , Sahai Vaibhav , Maglic Dejan , Bruderek Kamil , Touré B. Barry , Zhao Songping , Valverde Roberto , O'Hearn Patrick J. , Moustakas Demetri T. , Schönherr Heike , Gerami-Moayed Nastaran , Taylor Alexander M. , Hudson Brandi M. , Houde Damian J. , Pal Debjani , Foster Lindsey , Gunaydin Hakan , Ayaz Pelin , Sharon Dina A. , Goyal Lipika , Schram Alison M. , Kamath Suneel , Sherwin Cori Ann , Schmidt-Kittler Oleg , Jen Kai Yu , Ricard Fabien , Wolf Beni B. , Shaw David E. , Bergstrom Donald A. , Watters James , Casaletto Jessica B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOncogenic activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) drives multiple cancers and represents a broad therapeutic opportunity, yet selective targeting of FGFR2 has not been achieved. Although the clinical efficacy of pan-FGFR inhibitors (pan-FGFRi) validates FGFR2 driver status in FGFR2 fusion–positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, their benefit is limited by incomplete target coverage due to FGFR1- and FGFR4-mediated toxicities (hyperphosphatemia and diarrhea, respectively) and the emergence of FGFR2 resistance mutations. RLY-4008 is a highly selective, irreversible FGFR2 inhibitor designed to overcome these limitations. In vitro, RLY-4008 demonstrates &gt;250- and &gt;5,000-fold selectivity over FGFR1 and FGFR4, respectively, and targets primary alterations and resistance mutations. In vivo, RLY-4008 induces regression in multiple xenograft models—including models with FGFR2 resistance mutations that drive clinical progression on current pan-FGFRi—while sparing FGFR1 and FGFR4. In early clinical testing, RLY-4008 induced responses without clinically significant off-isoform FGFR toxicities, confirming the broad therapeutic potential of selective FGFR2 targeting.Significance:Patients with FGFR2-driven cancers derive limited benefit from pan-FGFRi due to multiple FGFR1–4-mediated toxicities and acquired FGFR2 resistance mutations. RLY-4008 is a highly selective FGFR2 inhibitor that targets primary alterations and resistance mutations and induces tumor regression while sparing other FGFRs, suggesting it may have broad therapeutic potential.See related commentary by Tripathi et al., p. 1964.This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 1949
BOHEMIA a cluster randomized trial to assess the impact of an endectocide-based one health approach to malaria in Mozambique: baseline demographics and key malaria indicators
Authors: Ruiz-Castillo Paula , Imputiua Saimado , Xie Kexin , Elobolobo Eldo , Nicolas Patricia , Montaña Julia , Jamisse Edgar , Munguambe Humberto , Materrula Felisbela , Casellas Aina , Deng Xinwei , Marathe Achla , Rabinovich Regina , Saute Francisco , Chaccour Carlos , Sacoor Charfudin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Many geographical areas of sub-Saharan Africa, especially in rural settings, lack complete and up-to-date demographic data, posing a challenge for implementation and evaluation of public health interventions and carrying out large-scale health research. A demographic survey was completed in Mopeia district, located in the Zambezia province in Mozambique, to inform the Broad One Health Endectocide-based Malaria Intervention in Africa (BOHEMIA) cluster randomized clinical trial, which tested ivermectin mass drug administration to humans and/or livestock as a potential novel strategy to decrease malaria transmission.

Methods
The demographic survey was a prospective descriptive study, which collected data of all the households in the district that accepted to participate. Households were mapped through geolocation and identified with a unique identification number. Basic demographic data of the household members was collected and each person received a permanent identification number for the study.

Results
25,550 households were mapped and underwent the demographic survey, and 131,818 individuals were registered in the district. The average household size was 5 members and 76.9% of households identified a male household head. Housing conditions are often substandard with low access to improved water systems and electricity. The reported coverage of malaria interventions was 71.1% for indoor residual spraying and 54.1% for universal coverage of long-lasting insecticidal nets. The median age of the population was 15 years old. There were 910 deaths in the previous 12 months reported, and 43.9% were of children less than 5 years of age.

Conclusions
The study showed that the district had good coverage of vector control tools against malaria but sub-optimal living conditions and poor access to basic services. The majority of households are led by males and Mopeia Sede/Cuacua is the most populated locality in the district. The population of Mopeia is young (< 15 years) and there is a high childhood mortality. The results of this survey were crucial as they provided the household and population profiles and allowed the design and implementation of the cluster randomized clinical trial.
Trial registration NCT04966702.
Neonatal portal vein thrombosis: risk factors, diagnosis, treatment recommendations and review of the literature
Authors: Solgun Huseyin Avni , Uysalol Ezgi Paslı , Bayram Cengiz , Terzi Özlem , Çetinkaya Merih , Memur Şeyma , Aycicek Ali 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Neonatal portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is currently more commonly encountered as a result of advances in diagnostic tools and increase in invasive interventions.

Methods
In this study, 11 premature and 12 term infants diagnosed with PVT were retrospectively evaluated for clinical and laboratory characteristics, umbilical catheterization procedure, PVT location, risk factors, treatments, and long-term outcomes.

Results
Median age of the patients at diagnosis was 10 days (range 3–90 days), and 69.6% of patients were girls. Of the 23 patients, 87% had left PVT and, 91.3% had at least one thrombosis risk factor, which was sepsis in 73.9% of patients, and presence of umbilical venous catheter in 87%. Totally, 59.1% of PVTs were completely resolved in a median follow-up of 7 months (1 month to 12 months), and 78.3% of these patients had no anticoagulant therapy (ACT). Partial thrombus resolution was achieved in 9 patients (40.9%). Five patients (%21) received ACT. Overall, 34.8% of patients had long-term complications. neonatal PVT is most commonly reported in the left portal vein and there is no evidence for the impact of ACT on reducing the short- or long-term complications. Well designed and larger studies are necessary to clarify this issue, which can facilitate developing appropriate management algorithms.

Conclusion
Neonatal PVT is most commonly reported in the left portal vein and there is no evidence for the impact of ACT on reducing the short- or long-term complications. Well designed and larger studies are necessary to clarify this issue, which can facilitate developing appropriate management algorithms.
Budget impact analysis of a digital monitoring platform for COPD
Authors: Inocencio Timothy J. , Sterling Kimberly L. , Sayiner Sibel , Minshall Michael E. , Kaye Leanne , Hatipoğlu Umur 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive debilitating condition with frequent exacerbations that have a high burden for patients and society. Digital tools may help to reduce the economic burden for patients and payers by improving outcomes. The Propeller platform is a digital self-management tool that facilitates passive monitoring of inhaler medication utilization, potentially assisting the healthcare team to identify patients at risk of a COPD exacerbation who may require further intervention. This study estimated the budget impact of Propeller from commercial payer and Medicare fee-for-service payer perspectives.

Methods
An Excel-based model was used to estimate the budget impact of Propeller for COPD patients in commercial and Medicare population sizes of 5 million members. Data on prevalence, baseline healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), and baseline use of rescue and controller inhaler medications with unit costs (adjusted to 2020 US dollars) were obtained from peer-reviewed literature. Data on reductions in HCRU during Propeller usage were based on direct evidence. Estimates for costs of remote monitoring were obtained from publicly available information. All patients were assumed to have insurance claims related to ongoing remote monitoring.

Results
The estimated number of annual eligible COPD patients for commercial and Medicare was 212,200 and 606,600, respectively. Propeller decreased costs by an estimated $2,475 (commercial) and $915 (Medicare) per enrolled patient. The greatest increase in expenditure was for remote monitoring related expenses. After accounting for estimated reductions in hospitalizations, emergency department visits and short-acting beta-agonist use, total net savings were approximately $1.60 and $1.70 per-member per-month for commercial and Medicare payers, respectively.

Conclusion
Propeller is projected to be cost saving from both the commercial and Medicare payer perspectives.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Development of attributes and attribute levels for a discrete choice experiment on patients’ and providers’ choice for antiretroviral therapy service in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Belay Yihalem Abebe , Yitayal Mezgebu , Atnafu Asmamaw , Taye Fitalew Agimass 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are used to assess the strength of preferences and value of interventions. However, researchers using this approach have been criticized for not conducting or publishing rigorous studies to select the required attributes and levels. Proper specification of attributes and their levels determines the validity of DCE. Hence, our study aimed to identify and define attributes and levels for the design of a DCE to elicit patients’ and providers’ preferences for ART service in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
Four stages were followed to derive the final list of attributes and levels: (1) a literature review to derive conceptual attributes; (2) key informant interviews of 17 providers and in-depth interviews of 15 adult stable patients to identify context-specific attributes and attribute levels; (3) ranking survey among 31 HIV/AIDS program implementers and rating survey among 35 adult stable patients and 42 health workers providing antiretroviral therapy (ART) service to indicate participants’ preference of attributes; and (4) an expert opinion to reduce the list of attributes and levels.

Results
First, a literature review identified 23 candidate attributes. Second, individual-level analysis of the qualitative transcripts confirmed 15 of these 23 attributes. Third, the ranking and rating surveys put the importance of the 23 ART service attributes in order of preference. Fourth, through discussions with eight experts, 17 attributes were discarded based on multiple criteria. The six retained attributes were: the location of ART refills, the frequency of receiving ART refills, the person providing ART refills, the participants/others seen at the same ART refill visit, medication refill pick-up/delivery times, and the total cost of the visit during antiretroviral (ARV) medication refill. Finally, levels were assigned to these 6 attributes based on data from the literature, transcripts, and knowledge of the Ethiopian context.

Conclusions
This detailed description illuminates the attribute development process and provides the reader with a basis for evaluating the rigor of this phase of DCE construction. This paper contributes empirical evidence to the limited methodological literature on attributes and levels of development for DCE, thereby providing further empirical guidance on ART service preference, specifically among patients of low- and middle-income countries.
Selenoproteins synergistically protect porcine skeletal muscle from oxidative damage via relieving mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Jing Jinzhong , He Ying , Liu Yan , Tang Jiayong , Wang Longqiong , Jia Gang , Liu Guangmang , Chen Xiaoling , Tian Gang , Cai Jingyi , Che Lianqiang , Kang Bo , Zhao Hua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The skeletal muscle of pigs is vulnerable to oxidative damage, resulting in growth retardation. Selenoproteins are important components of antioxidant systems for animals, which are generally regulated by dietary selenium (Se) level. Here, we developed the dietary oxidative stress (DOS)-inducing pig model to investigate the protective effects of selenoproteins on DOS-induced skeletal muscle growth retardation.

Results
Dietary oxidative stress caused porcine skeletal muscle oxidative damage and growth retardation, which is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and protein and lipid metabolism disorders. Supplementation with Se (0.3, 0.6 or 0.9 mg Se/kg) in form of hydroxy selenomethionine (OH-SeMet) linearly increased muscular Se deposition and exhibited protective effects via regulating the expression of selenotranscriptome and key selenoproteins, which was mainly reflected in lower ROS levels and higher antioxidant capacity in skeletal muscle, and the mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. What's more, selenoproteins inhibited DOS induced protein and lipid degradation and improved protein and lipid biosynthesis via regulating AKT/mTOR/S6K1 and AMPK/SREBP-1 signalling pathways in skeletal muscle. However, several parameters such as the activity of GSH-Px and T-SOD, the protein abundance of JNK2, CLPP, SELENOS and SELENOF did not show dose-dependent changes. Notably, several key selenoproteins such as MSRB1, SELENOW, SELENOM, SELENON and SELENOS play the unique roles during this protection.

Conclusions
Increased expression of selenoproteins by dietary OH-SeMet could synergistically alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress, recover protein and lipid biosynthesis, thus alleviate skeletal muscle growth retardation. Our study provides preventive measure for OS-dependent skeletal muscle retardation in livestock husbandry.
Distributed large-scale graph processing on FPGAs
Authors: Sahebi Amin , Barbone Marco , Procaccini Marco , Luk Wayne , Gaydadjiev Georgi , Giorgi Roberto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProcessing large-scale graphs is challenging due to the nature of the computation that causes irregular memory access patterns. Managing such irregular accesses may cause significant performance degradation on both CPUs and GPUs. Thus, recent research trends propose graph processing acceleration with Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). FPGAs are programmable hardware devices that can be fully customised to perform specific tasks in a highly parallel and efficient manner. However, FPGAs have a limited amount of on-chip memory that cannot fit the entire graph. Due to the limited device memory size, data needs to be repeatedly transferred to and from the FPGA on-chip memory, which makes data transfer time dominate over the computation time. A possible way to overcome the FPGA accelerators’ resource limitation is to engage a multi-FPGA distributed architecture and use an efficient partitioning scheme. Such a scheme aims to increase data locality and minimise communication between different partitions. This work proposes an FPGA processing engine that overlaps, hides and customises all data transfers so that the FPGA accelerator is fully utilised. This engine is integrated into a framework for using FPGA clusters and is able to use an offline partitioning method to facilitate the distribution of large-scale graphs. The proposed framework uses Hadoop at a higher level to map a graph to the underlying hardware platform. The higher layer of computation is responsible for gathering the blocks of data that have been pre-processed and stored on the host’s file system and distribute to a lower layer of computation made of FPGAs. We show how graph partitioning combined with an FPGA architecture will lead to high performance, even when the graph has Millions of vertices and Billions of edges. In the case of the PageRank algorithm, widely used for ranking the importance of nodes in a graph, compared to state-of-the-art CPU and GPU solutions, our implementation is the fastest, achieving a speedup of 13 compared to 8 and 3 respectively. Moreover, in the case of the large-scale graphs, the GPU solution fails due to memory limitations while the CPU solution achieves a speedup of 12 compared to the 26x achieved by our FPGA solution. Other state-of-the-art FPGA solutions are 28 times slower than our proposed solution. When the size of a graph limits the performance of a single FPGA device, our performance model shows that using multi-FPGAs in a distributed system can further improve the performance by about 12x. This highlights our implementation efficiency for large datasets not fitting in the on-chip memory of a hardware device.