bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular nutrition in life course perspective: Pinpointing metabolic pathways to target during periconception
Authors: Ostojic Sergej M. , Ratgeber Laszlo , Betlehem Jozsef , Acs Pongrac 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLifecourse nutrition encompasses nourishment from early development into parenthood. From preconception and pregnancy to childhood, late adolescence, and reproductive years, life course nutrition explores links between dietary exposures and health outcomes in current and future generations from a public health perspective, usually addressing lifestyle behaviours, reproductive well‐being and maternal‐child health strategies. However, nutritional factors that play a role in conceiving and sustaining new life might also require a molecular perspective and recognition of critical interactions between specific nutrients and relevant biochemical pathways. The present perspective summarises evidence about the links between diet during periconception and next‐generation health and outlines the main metabolic networks involved in nutritional biology of this sensitive time frame.
Chromosome‐scale genome assembly and insights into the metabolome and gene regulation of leaf color transition in an important oak species, Quercus dentata
Authors: Wang Wen‐Bo , He Xiang‐Feng , Yan Xue‐Mei , Ma Bo , Lu Cun‐Fu , Wu Jing , Zheng Yi , Wang Wen‐He , Xue Wen‐Bo , Tian Xue-Chan , Guo Jing-Fang , El‐Kassaby Yousry A. , Porth Ilga , Leng Ping‐Sheng , Hu Zeng‐Hui , Mao Jian‐Feng 
Published: February 2023

Summary
Quercus dentata Thunb., a dominant forest tree species in northern China, has significant ecological and ornamental value due to its adaptability and beautiful autumn coloration, with color changes from green to yellow into red resulting from the autumnal shifts in leaf pigmentation. However, the key genes and molecular regulatory mechanisms for leaf color transition remain to be investigated.
First, we presented a high‐quality chromosome‐scale assembly for Q. dentata. This 893.54 Mb sized genome (contig N50 = 4.21 Mb, scaffold N50 = 75.55 Mb; 2n = 24) harbors 31 584 protein‐coding genes. Second, our metabolome analyses uncovered pelargonidin‐3‐O‐glucoside, cyanidin‐3‐O‐arabinoside, and cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside as the main pigments involved in leaf color transition. Third, gene co‐expression further identified the MYB‐bHLH‐WD40 (MBW) transcription activation complex as central to anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation.
Notably, transcription factor (TF) QdNAC (QD08G038820) was highly co‐expressed with this MBW complex and may regulate anthocyanin accumulation and chlorophyll degradation during leaf senescence through direct interaction with another TF, QdMYB (QD01G020890), as revealed by our further protein–protein and DNA–protein interaction assays.
Our high‐quality genome assembly, metabolome, and transcriptome resources further enrich Quercus genomics and will facilitate upcoming exploration of ornamental values and environmental adaptability in this important genus.
High prevalence of potential psychotropic drugs interactions among Brazilian dental patients
Authors: Cruz Alex Junio Silva , Martins Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras , de Aguilar Diego Rodrigues , Santos Jacqueline Silva , Sohn Woosung , de Castilho Lia Silva , Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of potential drug–drug interactions involving psychotropics prescribed by dentists, and dispensed by the public healthcare system, as well as to describe the severity and level of evidence of those interactions in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.Materials and MethodsWe conducted data analysis from pharmaceutical claims in which dental patients received systemic psychotropics in 2017. Data from the Pharmaceutical Management System provided the drug dispensing history of the patients, allowing the identification of those on concomitant medication use. The outcome was the occurrence of potential drug–drug interactions, which were detected according to IBM Micromedex®. Independent variables were the patient's sex, age, and the number of drugs used. Descriptive statistics was performed using SPSS v. 26.ResultsOverall, 1480 individuals were prescribed psychotropic drugs. The prevalence of potential drug–drug interactions was 24.8% (n = 366). The total of 648 interactions was observed and, most of which were of major severity (n = 438, 67.6%). Most interactions occurred in female individuals (n = 235; 64.2%), with 46.0 (±17.3) years‐old, concurrently taking 3.7 (±1.9) drugs.ConclusionA substantial proportion of dental patients presented potential drug–drug interactions, mostly of major severity, which might be life‐threatening.
A Novel Locking Buttress Plate Designed for Simultaneous Medial and Posterolateral Tibial Plateau Fractures: Concept and Comparative Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Yan Bangji , Huang Xiaotao , Xu Yingxing , Zou Chengshi 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe complex tibial plateau fractures involving both medial and posterolateral columns are of frequent occurrence in clinics, but the existing fixation system cannot deal with medial and posterolateral fragments simultaneously. Therefore, a novel locking buttress plate named as medial and posterior column plate (MPCP) was designed in this study to fix the simultaneous medial and posterolateral tibial plateau fractures. Meanwhile, the comparative finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to investigate the discrepancy between MPCP and traditional multiple plates (MP + PLP) in their biomechanical characteristics.MethodsTwo 3D finite element models of simultaneous medial and posterolateral tibial plateau fracture fixed with MPCP and MP + PLP system, respectively, was constructed. To imitate the axial stress of knee joint in ordinary life, diverse axial forces with 100, 500, 1000, and 1500 N were applied in the two fixation models, and then the equivalent displacement and stress nephograms and values were obtained.ResultsThe similar trend of displacement and stress increasing with the loads was observed in the two fixation models. However, several heterogeneities of displacement and stress distribution were found in the two fixation models. The max displacement and von Mises stress values of plates, screws, and fragments in the MPCP fixation model were significantly smaller than that in the MP + PLP fixation model, except for the max‐shear stress values.ConclusionAs a single locking buttress plate, the MPCP system showed the excellent benefit on improving the stability of the simultaneous medial and posterolateral tibial plateau fractures, compared with the traditional double plate fixation system. However, the excessive shear stress around screw holes should be paid attention to prevent trabecular microfracture and screw loosening.
Understanding the Positive Effects of the COVID‐19 Pandemic on Women's Fertility in Norway
Authors: Lappegård Trude , Kornstad Tom , Dommermuth Lars , Kristensen Axel Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examines the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on fertility in Norway at the individual level. Studies using data at the macrolevel have found a positive short‐term effect of the pandemic on the fertility level in Norway, but women's fertility response to the pandemic may differ depending on their life situation. We use the first lockdown on March 12, 2020, as a marker of the pandemic and apply a regression discontinuity design to compare births of women that were conceived before the pandemic started with those conceived during the first eight months of the pandemic. The positive effect on women's fertility in Norway was mainly driven by women in life phases that have generally high fertility rates (women aged 28–35 years and women who already have children). These groups are likely to be in an economically and socially secure and stable situation in which the restrictions due to the pandemic had limited influence. Besides two exceptions, we do not find differences in the effect of the pandemic on childbearing by women's work situation. This is most likely related to the strong welfare state and the generous additional pandemic‐related measures taken by the Norwegian government.
Potential of neonatal organ donation and outcome after transplantation
Authors: Bluhme Emil , Henckel Ewa , Jorns Carl 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrgan transplantation is limited by access to suitable organs. Infant recipient waitlist mortality is increased due to the scarcity of size‐matched organs. Neonatal organ donors have been proposed as an underutilized source of donor organs. However, the literature on the actual prevalence and outcome of neonatal organ donation and transplantation is fragmented and not well analyzed. This literature review aims to summarize the available literature on the potential of neonatal organ donation and to analyze published cases of neonatal organ transplantation. A systematic search of the Medline and Cochrane databases yielded 2964 articles, which were screened for eligibility. In total, 86 articles were considered eligible, of which 34 were included in the literature review: 8 articles describing the potential of neonatal organ donation programs, and 26 articles describing clinical transplantation. Current evidence suggests there is a large pool of potential neonatal organ donors. In contrast, the literature on neonatal organ donor utilization is sparse. However, case series of successful kidney, heart, liver, hepatocyte, and multivisceral transplantation using organs from neonatal donors are summarized. Although good posttransplant organ function was achieved, the use of neonatal organs is associated with increased risk of thrombosis in both kidney and liver transplantation. Neonatal organ donation is a promising alternative for expanding the current donor pool. Experience is limited, but reported patient and graft survival are acceptable and more research on the subject is warranted.
On scepticism about personal identity thought experiments
Authors: Latham Andrew J. , Miller Kristie , West Caroline , Yu Wen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany philosophers have become sceptical of the use of thought experiments in theorising about personal identity. In large part, this is due to work in experimental philosophy that appears to confirm long‐held philosophical suspicions that thought experiments elicit inconsistent judgements about personal identity and hence judgements that are thought to be the product of cognitive biases. If so, these judgements appear to be useless at informing our theories of personal identity. Using the methods of experimental philosophy, we investigate whether people exhibit inconsistent judgements and, if they do, whether these judgements are likely to be the source of cognitive bias or, instead, sensitivity to some relevant factor. We do not find that people's judgements are sensitive to any of the factors we investigate (relevant or irrelevant), nor that people have inconsistent judgements across cases. Rather, people's judgements are best explained by them having a very minimal account of what it takes for a person to survive. Since this pattern of judgements is no reason to think that we are subject to cognitive bias, we see no reason, as things stand, to be sceptical of our judgements.
Impact of a post‐donation hemoglobin testing strategy on efficiency and safety of whole blood donation in England: A modeling study
Authors: Kim Lois G. , Bolton Thomas , Sweeting Michael J. , Bell Steven , Fahle Sarah , McMahon Amy , Walker Matthew , Ferguson Eamonn , Miflin Gail , Roberts David J. , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Wood Angela M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDeferrals due to low hemoglobin are time‐consuming and costly for blood donors and donation services. Furthermore, accepting donations from those with low hemoglobin could represent a significant safety issue. One approach to reduce them is to use hemoglobin concentration alongside donor characteristics to inform personalized inter‐donation intervals.Study Design and MethodsWe used data from 17,308 donors to inform a discrete event simulation model comparing personalized inter‐donation intervals using “post‐donation” testing (i.e., estimating current hemoglobin from that measured by a hematology analyzer at last donation) versus the current approach in England (i.e., pre‐donation testing with fixed intervals of 12‐weeks for men and 16‐weeks for women). We reported the impact on total donations, low hemoglobin deferrals, inappropriate bleeds, and blood service costs. Personalized inter‐donation intervals were defined using mixed‐effects modeling to estimate hemoglobin trajectories and probability of crossing hemoglobin donation thresholds.ResultsThe model had generally good internal validation, with predicted events similar to those observed. Over 1 year, a personalized strategy requiring ≥90% probability of being over the hemoglobin threshold, minimized adverse events (low hemoglobin deferrals and inappropriate bleeds) in both sexes and costs in women. Donations per adverse event improved from 3.4 (95% uncertainty interval 2.8, 3.7) under the current strategy to 14.8 (11.6, 19.2) in women, and from 7.1 (6.1, 8.5) to 26.9 (20.8, 42.6) in men. In comparison, a strategy incorporating early returns for those with high certainty of being over the threshold maximized total donations in both men and women, but was less favorable in terms of adverse events, with 8.4 donations per adverse event in women (7.0, 10,1) and 14.8 (12.1, 21.0) in men.DiscussionPersonalized inter‐donation intervals using post‐donation testing combined with modeling of hemoglobin trajectories can help reduce deferrals, inappropriate bleeds, and costs.
A New Dissipation Function to Model the Rate-Dependent Mechanical Behavior of Semilunar Valve Leaflets
Authors: Anssari-Benam Afshin , Tseng Yuan-Tsan , Pani Martino , Bucchi Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA new dissipation function Wv is devised and presented to capture the rate-dependent mechanical behavior of the semilunar heart valves. Following the experimentally-guided framework introduced in our previous work (Anssari-Benam et al., 2022 “Modelling the Rate-Dependency of the Mechanical Behaviour of the Aortic Heart Valve: An Experimentally Guided Theoretical Framework," J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater., 134, p. 105341), we derive our proposed Wv function from the experimental data pertaining to the biaxial deformation of the aortic and pulmonary valve specimens across a 10,000-fold range of deformation rate, exhibiting two distinct rate-dependent features: (i) the stiffening effect in σ−λ curves with increase in rate; and (ii) the asymptotic effect of rate on stress levels at higher rates. The devised Wv function is then used in conjunction with a hyperelastic strain energy function We to model the rate-dependent behavior of the valves, incorporating the rate of deformation as an explicit variable. It is shown that the devised function favorably captures the observed rate-dependent features, and the model provides excellent fits to the experimentally obtained σ−λ curves. The proposed function is thereby recommended for application to the rate-dependent mechanical behavior of heart valves, as well as other soft tissues that exhibit a similar rate-dependent behavior.
Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Singh Ben , Olds Timothy , Curtis Rachel , Dumuid Dorothea , Virgara Rosa , Watson Amanda , Szeto Kimberley , O'Connor Edward , Ferguson Ty , Eglitis Emily , Miatke Aaron , Simpson Catherine EM , Maher Carol 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo synthesise the evidence on the effects of physical activity on symptoms of depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adult populations.DesignUmbrella review.Data sourcesTwelve electronic databases were searched for eligible studies published from inception to 1 January 2022.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesSystematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials designed to increase physical activity in an adult population and that assessed depression, anxiety or psychological distress were eligible. Study selection was undertaken in duplicate by two independent reviewers.ResultsNinety-seven reviews (1039 trials and 128 119 participants) were included. Populations included healthy adults, people with mental health disorders and people with various chronic diseases. Most reviews (n=77) had a critically low A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews score. Physical activity had medium effects on depression (median effect size=−0.43, IQR=−0.66 to –0.27), anxiety (median effect size=−0.42, IQR=−0.66 to –0.26) and psychological distress (effect size=−0.60, 95% CI −0.78 to –0.42), compared with usual care across all populations. The largest benefits were seen in people with depression, HIV and kidney disease, in pregnant and postpartum women, and in healthy individuals. Higher intensity physical activity was associated with greater improvements in symptoms. Effectiveness of physical activity interventions diminished with longer duration interventions.Conclusion and relevancePhysical activity is highly beneficial for improving symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress across a wide range of adult populations, including the general population, people with diagnosed mental health disorders and people with chronic disease. Physical activity should be a mainstay approach in the management of depression, anxiety and psychological distress.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021292710.
Effect of public reporting of surgeons’ outcomes on patient selection, “gaming,” and mortality in colorectal cancer surgery in England: population based cohort study
Authors: Vallance Abigail E , Fearnhead Nicola S , Kuryba Angela , Hill James , Maxwell-Armstrong Charles , Braun Michael , van der Meulen Jan , Walker Kate 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of surgeon specific outcome reporting in colorectal cancer surgery on risk averse clinical practice, “gaming” of clinical data, and 90 day postoperative mortality.DesignNational cohort study.SettingEnglish National Health Service hospital trusts.Population111 431 patients diagnosed as having colorectal cancer from 1 April 2011 to 31 March 2015 included in the National Bowel Cancer Audit.InterventionPublic reporting of surgeon specific 90 day mortality in elective colorectal cancer surgery in England introduced in June 2013.Main outcome measuresProportion of patients with colorectal cancer who had an elective major resection, predicted 90 day mortality based on characteristics of patients and tumours, and observed 90 day mortality adjusted for differences in characteristics of patients and tumours, comparing patients who had surgery between April 2011 and June 2013 and between July 2013 and March 2015.ResultsThe proportion of patients with colorectal cancer undergoing major resection did not change after the introduction of surgeon specific public outcome reporting (39 792/62 854 (63.3%) before versus 30 706/48 577 (63.2%) after; P=0.8). The proportion of these major resections categorised as elective or scheduled also did not change (33 638/39 792 (84.5%) before versus 25 905/30 706 (84.4%) after; P=0.5). The predicted 90 day mortality remained the same (2.7%v2.7%; P=0.3), but the observed 90 day mortality fell (952/33 638 (2.8%)v552/25 905 (2.1%)). Change point analysis showed that this reduction was over and above the existing downward trend in mortality before the introduction of public outcome reporting (P=0.03).ConclusionsThis study did not find evidence that the introduction of public reporting of surgeon specific 90 day postoperative mortality in elective colorectal cancer surgery has led to risk averse clinical practice behaviour or “gaming” of data. However, its introduction coincided with a significant reduction in 90 day mortality.
Association between use of systematic reviews and national policy recommendations on screening newborn babies for rare diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Taylor-Phillips Sian , Stinton Chris , Ferrante di Ruffano Lavinia , Seedat Farah , Clarke Aileen , Deeks Jonathan J 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo understand whether international differences in recommendations of whether to screen for rare diseases using the newborn blood spot test might in part be explained by use of systematic review methods.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWebsite searches of 26 national screening organisations.Eligibility criteria for study selectionJournal articles, papers, legal documents, presentations, conference abstracts, or reports relating to a national recommendation on whether to screen for any condition using the newborn blood spot test, with no restrictions on date or language.Data extractionTwo reviewers independently assessed whether the recommendation for or against screening included systematic reviews, and data on test accuracy, benefits of early detection, and potential harms of overdiagnosis.AnalysisThe odds of recommending screening according to the use of systematic review methods was estimated across conditions using meta-analysis.Results93 reports were included that assessed 104 conditions across 14 countries, totalling 276 recommendations (units of analysis). Screening was favoured in 159 (58%) recommendations, not favoured in 98 (36%), and not recommended either way in 19 (7%). Only 60 (22%) of the recommendations included a systematic review. Use of a systematic review was associated with a reduced probability of screening being recommended (23/60 (38%)v136/216 (63%), odds ratio 0.17, 95% confidence interval 0.07 to 0.43). Of the recommendations, evidence for test accuracy, benefits of early detection, and overdiagnosis was not considered in 115 (42%), 83 (30%), and 211 (76%), respectively.ConclusionsUsing systematic review methods is associated with a reduced probability of screening being recommended. Many national policy reviews of screening for rare conditions using the newborn blood spot test do not assess the evidence on the key benefits and harms of screening.
Acute kidney injury after endovascular therapy in acute stroke patients: systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Oliveira Marta , Rocha Ana , Barbosa Flávia , Barros Pedro , Fonseca Luísa , Ribeiro Manuel , Afreixo Vera , Gregório Tiago 
Published: February 2023

AimsEndovascular therapy (EVT) is a highly effective stroke treatment, but it requires the administration of contrast media which puts patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular patients.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, ISI and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for observational and experimental studies assessing the occurrence of AKI in adult acute stroke patients submitted to EVT. Two independent reviewers collected study data regarding study setting, period, source of data, and AKI definition and predictors, the outcomes of interest being AKI incidence and 90-day death or dependency (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3). These outcomes were pooled using random effect models, and heterogeneity was measured using the I2statistic.Results22 studies were identified and included in the analysis, involving 32 034 patients. Pooled incidence of AKI was 7% (95% CI 5% to 10%), but heterogeneity was high across studies (I2=98%), and not accounted for by the definition of AKI used. The most frequently reported AKI predictors were impaired baseline renal function (5 studies) and diabetes (3 studies); 3 studies (2103 patients) reported data on death and 4 studies (2424 patients) reported data on dependency. Overall, AKI was associated with both outcomes, with ORs of 6.21 (95% CI 3.52 to 10.96) and 2.86 (95% CI 1.88 to 4.37), respectively. Heterogeneity was low for both analyses (I2=0%).ConclusionsAKI affects 7% of acute stroke patients submitted to EVT and identifies a subgroup of patients for which treatment outcomes are suboptimal, with an increased risk of death and dependency.