bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suku Bunga dan Jangkawa Waktu Kredit Mempengaruhi Debitur terhadap Keputusan Pengambilan Kredit Modal Kerja di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Jacobs Samie Lambert , Hukom Maximiliane 
Published: June 2023

Virus Corona juga telah mewabah di Indonesia sejak awal Maret 2021 sampai 17 Juni 2021 terdapat 1.950.276 kasus positif terkonfimasi tersebar di 34 provinsi dan 415 Kabupaten/Kota, yang meninggal 53.753 orang, sedangkan yang sembuh 1.771.220 orang (Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan COVID-19 Indonesia, 2021). Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari pandemi telah mengubah berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia. Demi menjaga pertumbuhan ekonomi, pemerintah memberikan stimulus supaya perekonomian dapat bergerak lagi. Fasilitas pinjaman dana diberikan dalam bentuk kredit, yang terdiri dari kredit modal kerja dan kredit konsumtif yang disalurkan bagi pengusaha untuk memperlancar dan mengembangkan usahanya, serta membantu mendorong pertumbuhan dan pemerataan ekonomi kerakyatan, pembangunan dan juga untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup rakyat.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk, menganalisis faktor suku bunga dan jangka waktu kredit yang mempengaruhi keputusan pengambilan kredit modal kerja pada masa pandemi covid-19. Studi kasus di PT Bank Maluku Malut Cabang Tobelo, jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling dengan cara purposive sampling.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kredit modal kerja pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu, menurunnya suku bunga pinjaman, dan jangka waktu kredit yang lebih panjang setidaknya memudahkan debitur untuk terus mengelola usahanya agar tetap bertahan di masa Pandemi Covid-19. Pertumbuhan penyaluran kredit modal kerja secara umum kecukupan modal bank yang diproksikan dengan jangka waktu pinjaman, dan tingkat suku bunga memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah penyaluran kredit modal kerja. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan tingkat signifikan yang positif dari 0,05 sehingga Dari hasil pengolahan SPSS diperoleh besarnya R sguare (r2) adalah sebesar 0.527. Angka tersebut mempunyai maksud bahwa pengaruh kedua variabel bebas yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, secara gabungan pengarunya signifikan terhadap pengambilan keputusan debitur dalam kredit modal kerja di Bank Maluku, Malut adalah sebesar 52,7% Adapun sisanya sebesar 47,3% dipengharuhi oleh faktor lain. Dengan kata lain, variabel Jangka waktu pinjaman, dan tingkat suku bunga merupakan salah satu faktor penentu pengambilan keputusan debitur dalam kredit modal kerja
BORROWER'S CHARACTERISTICS AND LOAN REPAYMENT PERFORMANCE AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN MOGADISHU, SOMALIA
Authors: Abdi Abdikarin Ahmed , Mohamud Ismail Ahmed , Hussein Fatima Mohamed 
Published: June 2023

Loan repayment among small and medium enterprises in Mogadishu has remained a challenge as demonstrated by the low recovery rates recorded by the available financial institutions like commercial banks and microfinance institutions in Somalia. This situation has contributed towards a reduction on profitability margins reported by these financial institutions. This study was set out to establish the effect of borrower's characteristics on loan repayment performance among small and medium enterprises in Mogadishu, Somalia. The information asymmetry theory provided anchorage to the study. It was observed that borrowers’ characteristics significantly explain 70.8% variation in loan repayment performance among small and medium firms in Mogadishu, Somalia (R2=0.708, p<0.05). The study concludes that borrowers’ characteristics are significant predictors of loan repayment performance among small and medium firms in Mogadishu, Somalia. The study recommends that credit officers working among financial institutions should critically and analytically appraise the borrower’s characteristics like gender, age and level of income to qualify for loans. The borrowers among the financial institutions in Somalia should adhere to the principal of utmost good faith without concealing any specific characteristic that they have knowledge of.
De NOM-clausule en het lot van de daarmee strijdige rechtshandeling
Authors: Hafez Y. 
Published: June 2023

De NOM-clausule en het lot van de daarmee strijdige rechtshandeling
In deze bijdrage gaat de auteur in op de vraag wat de juridische gevolgen zijn van een rechtshandeling die in strijd is verricht met een no oral modification clause (NOM-clausule) of een clausule van vergelijkbare strekking. Hoewel over de NOM-clausule en andere vormvoorschriften reeds het een en ander is geschreven, wordt ten aanzien van de werking van artikel 3:39 BW en artikel 3:37 lid 1 BW niet altijd de vinger op de zere plek gelegd. Bovendien blijkt dat de parlementaire geschiedenis voor meerdere interpretaties vatbaar is en daaraan in de literatuur niet altijd een juiste duiding wordt gegeven. Verschillende interpretatiemethoden leiden tot de conclusie dat ook contractuele vormvoorschriften onder het bereik van artikel 3:39 BW vallen. Dit wetsartikel laat echter (eveneens blijkens de parlementaire geschiedenis) de mogelijkheid open om een rechtshandeling in strijd met de NOM-clausule vernietigbaar (en dus in eerste instantie geldig) te achten. Een ‘geldig, tenzij’-constructie dus. De mogelijkheid om de rechtshandeling te vernietigen zou evenwel kunnen afstuiten op artikel 6:248 lid 2 BW of artikel 3:13 BW.
Development of a Laboratory-Scale Steam Boiler for Polyurethane (Foam) Waste Recycling Machine
Authors: Ajayi Arinola Bola , Mustapha Habeeb Akorede , Popoola Abiodun Felix , Folarin Tosin Emmanuel , Afolabi Samuel Olabode 
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a laboratory-scale (small) Steam Boiler was designed and developed for a small-scale polyurethane recycling machine. A small-sized polyurethane machine was developed for the recycling of polyurethane foams to reduce wastes in the polyurethane production industries and also to reuse old discarded foams after their useful lives. It has been observed from studies carried out in many foam manufacturing industries that the polyurethane foam wastes generated from various plant operations are enormous. Also, polyurethane (foam) products are everywhere in our homes, industries and automobiles and are always discarded after their useful lives. These wastes need to be recycled always in other for them not to get back into our ecosystems thereby polluting our environment because polyurethane foams are non-biodegradables and can remain in the environment for a very long time. However, only a few companies with strong financial capabilities are able to embark on this venture because of the high costs of machinery and large quantities of chemicals involved. The high costs of machinery and chemicals also deter cottage industries from participating in the recycling of old and discarded polyurethane foams. Therefore, there is a need to develop small-scale polyurethane foam waste recycling machines to reduce the costs of machinery and chemicals involved in the recycling thereby allowing more participation in the recycling process. The boiler is used to generate high-temperature steam for curing and better bonding of the shredded foams. The heating chamber of the machine consists of the steam boiler, and pressure hose to enable passage of steam from the steam boiler into the molding box. The total volume of the boiler is 2.5 Litres. The outlet steam temperature is 135 0C and 25 psi pressure. The heat rate is 1.52 kJ/s. The recycled foams were able to cure and bonded better with the addition of steam compared to without the steam. The percentage diﬀerence in I.F.D, Resilience, Tensile Stress and percent elongation are +0.56, -2.00, +85.45, and +68.39 respectively. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
КЛАСТЕРИ В СТРАТЕГІЇ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ УКРАЇНИ ТА ЇЇ РЕГІОНІВ
Authors: Машталер Ольга , Гуцул Тетяна , Маслиган Олена , Чебан Юлія , Цимбалістова Олена 
Published: June 2023

XXI століття характеризувалося значними змінами у світовій економіці під упливом глобалізації всіх сторін соціально-економічних відносин, особливе місце в цих процесах посідає регіональна інтеграція, яка призвела до появи нових, глобально орієнтованих національних стратегій та моделей регіонального розвитку. Метою роботи є дослідження кластерів у стратегії економічного розвитку України та їхнього впливу на інноваційні процеси. Виникла потреба в науковому осмисленні сутності кластерів із точки зору цілісної системи знань про їх формування, функціонування та управління ними. Кластери як інтегровані утворення підприємств є глобальним явищем. У роботі досліджено наукові праці щодо кластеризації України, визначено переваги кластерного підходу; відзначено, що тенденції сучасної світової економіки окреслюють велику кількість змін, прогресивних, і регресивних; суперечливихі навпаки – гармонійних, які прискорюють розвиток нової економічної моделі – кластера. Побудовано модель нової кластерної економіки, проаналізовано кількість кластерів за регіонами України та сферу їхньої діяльності. На основі проведеного дослідження запропоновані рекомендації щодо прискорення розвитку кластерних ініціатив. Також для забезпечення ефективного функціонування інноваційних кластерів необхідно активізувати діяльність об’єктів інноваційної інфраструктури (технопарків, бізнес-інкубаторів, інноваційно-технологічних центрів, центрів трансферу технологій тощо), які є важливим структурним елементом кластерів.
PARTICULARITIES OF INDIRECT TAXATION IN COUNTRIES OF THE EU
Authors: Honcharenko Iryna , Dudchenko Nataliia , Zhuk Viktoriia 
Published: June 2023

Modern business conditions require the formation of new management tools, particularly in the financial sphere. Under such conditions, the issue of effective taxation is gaining special relevance. Traditionally, the tax system of any country consists of direct and indirect taxes. In recent years, issues related to managing indirect taxes – such as VAT, GST, customs and excise duties – have risen on the corporate agenda. However, there is currently no universal model for the ratio of direct and indirect taxes, because there are a significant number of factors that affect the level of budget filling and payment administration.The article is devoted to the study of indirect taxation in EU countries. Indirect taxes are an increasingly essential source of revenue for governments worldwide. Indirect taxes are generally simple, both for the government to levy and collect since they are applied broadly and automatically included in purchases. This does not mean that these taxes are transparent. Gross receipts taxes lead to tax pyramiding, while sales taxes are clearly marked on invoices and receipts.Indirect taxes, like value-added taxes (VAT) and retail sales taxes, can be neutral because they have little effect on consumer behaviour and apply to all business models the same. Indirect taxes like excise taxes are not neutral because they target specific industries and activities, like cigarettes and alcohol.The article examines the types of indirect taxes, the main trends in the formation of indirect taxation, and its legal regulation in EU countries. It was determined that taxes on production and imports (indirect taxes) and imports accounted for 13.8% of GDP. Based on the results of the study, the main areas of harmonization of indirect taxes in Europe were formed.
ASSESSING ACCEPTABLE AND MARGINAL VALUES OF MARKET VALUE FORMATION FACTORS IN THE VBM SYSTEM
Authors: Boiarko Iryna , Panchenko Olga , Pryimak Nataliia 
Published: June 2023

With increasing turbulence in the business community under war conditions, increasing risks and uncertainties, the demand has grown for effective financial management systems for Ukrainian enterprises and effective monitoring and control systems for strategic management. This makes it possible to timely detect undesirable changes in the financial situation and minimize threats to financial stability. The aim of the article is to define the target values and the limits of variation of the factors influencing the market value of the company in the VBM system. It is the methodical basis for efficient financial control of internal reserves to increase the enterprise's market value. Approaches were developed to identify the target balance sheet structure for solving this task. The normative values of the specific weight of individual component assets and liabilities in the balance sheet are used to determine the required level of liquidity, solvency, and financial stability for enterprises. These were obtained as a result of modelling the dependence of the major components of the balance sheet on absolute liquidity volumes. An approach is proposed for establishing acceptable and limiting values of market value formation factors within the value management system. It was found that the target standard and the limits of variation for the factors of the enterprise market value formation depend on the type of factor: factors in the structure of funding sources – are the same for all economic entities and depend only on the availability of absolute volumes of liquidity; the factors of business activity and efficiency – are individual for each business entity and depend on the target options of the effects of economic interaction with stakeholders established during strategic planning.
Investigating The Role of Innovative Work Behavior, Organizational Trust, Perceived Organizational Support: An Empirical Study on SMEs Performance
Authors: Utomo Hastho Joko Nur , Irwantoro Irwantoro , Wasesa Supar , Purwati Titik , Sembiring Rasmulia , Purwanto Agus 
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational trust, analyze the relationship between innovative work behavior (IWB) and organizational trust, analyze the relationship between perceived organizational support (POS) and performance, and analyze the relationship between innovative work behavior (IWB) on performance, analyzing the relationship between organizational trust variables and performance. Method: This type of research is associative research, namely research that aims to determine the relationship between two or more variables. Each research indicator was measured using a Likert scale 1-5-point scale and the degree of agreement from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The analytical tool used in this study was SEM based on PLS (Partial Least Square), the respondents of this study are 546 SME owners in Banten Indonesia. The data collection technique used is simple random sampling. The scale used in the study to fill in each question item uses a Likert scale with 5 (five) alternative answers, namely strongly agree, agree, undecided, disagree, strongly disagree. Data were obtained by distributing online questionnaires via social media. Analysis of research data using Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) using SmartPLS software. Results: The results of the hypothesis test show that the variable perceived organizational support (POS) has significant effect on organizational trust, the innovative work behavior (IWB) variable has a positive and significant effect on organizational trust, the variable perceived organizational support (POS) has a positive and significant effect on performance, the innovative work behavior (IWB) variable has a positive and significant effect on performance, the organizational trust variable has significant effect on SMEs performance. Innovative work behaviour has significant effect on performance through organizational trust, organizational trust mediate the relationship between Innovative work behaviour and performance. Perceived organizational support has significant effect on performance through organizational trust, organizational trust mediate the relationship between Perceived organizational support on performance
Striving for Diversity of Leadership: Governance in UK Higher Education Institutions
Authors: AHMED SHAFİ Adeela , CLARK Daniel , NORMAN Lou , ANDREWS Matthew 
Published: June 2023

Diversity of membership on boards and governance bodies in a range of sectors have been shown to be a key element in successful boards and effectively lead, monitor and advise their executive. Much progress has been made on improving gender balance on boards, including in universities and higher education institutions (HEI). However, the (scant) literature on HEI boards highlights that higher education or university boards in the UK need to do more to tackle all the other forms of under-representation where limited progress has been made on diversity, other than gender. This paper thus has two main aims, the first to locate the work on developing the diversity of UK university boards within the wider (corporate) theory and literature in this field. This is because the literature in the corporate sector is better established and therefore there is something to learn from practice in this area. The second aim is to develop a practical toolkit to expedite board diversity in higher education to bring it in line with other sectors to enable them to reflect what the OECD believe should be the role of universities: which is to be at the cutting edge of leading societal change.
This paper reports on quantitative and qualitative data collected and analysed in order to develop a practical Board Diversity Toolkit - the first national scheme of its kind. Data were collected from 44 HEIs, representing a third of the UK’s HEIs and 104 governors to inform the development of the Toolkit. The paper discusses the issues raised in the data that might be a key barrier to achieving diversity and addressing chronic under-representation in UK Boards. This centred around deep-seated attitudes on how diversity may compromise the skills needed on Boards and importantly how to unseat these ingrained (often unconscious) attitudes if we are to achieve genuine change at Board levels. The Board Diversity Toolkit, designed as an output of work, could play a key role in changing such attitudes and develop the UK HEI sector in terms of conducting board business better, as well as meeting the need to be representative of staff and student bodies.
Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Inducing Efficacy of Ctenolepsis cerasiformis Extract on Hela Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Selvakumar S. , Sajusha D. , Divyadharshini P. , Joe A. J. Vinslin 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Cancer is a major problem around the world. Now a day’s cervical cancer becomes the most common cause of cancer in women. The early identification and affordable drugs will help to eliminate the seriousness of cancer.
Methods: The in vitro cytotoxicity analysis of chloroform extract of Ctenolepsis cerasiformis was undertaken by the method of MTT assay and the apoptotic activity of the chloroform extract of Ctenolepsis cerasiformis was performed by the flow cytometry analysis.
Results: The chloroform extract of Ctenolepsis cerasiformis shown important antiproliferative action on human cervical cancer cells as compared to the normal Vero cell lines.
Discussion: There is a need to find out the less toxic or no toxic novel anti-proliferative agent from the medicinal plant sources is paramount importance.
Conclusion: Hence, the in vitro cytotoxicity and the apoptotic effects of the chloroform extract of Ctenolepsis cerasiformis on human cervical cancer cell lines such as HeLa cell lines were undertaken.
Causal Factors of Enhancing Employee Loyalty towards Organization
Authors: Sawatenarakul Natha , Nanthasudsawaeng Kritchouw 
Published: June 2023

The objectives of the study were 1) to study “casual” factors enhancing employee loyalty towards organization, and 2) to develop a structural equation model of factors enhancing employee loyalty towards organization. The quantitative and qualitative research methods were implemented in this study. The quantitative data were collected from the interviews of 500 industrial business executives.
The findings indicated that the significance levels of employee loyalty towards organization were high in all aspects. The highest significance level of leadership was that the executives provided a work manual describing the structure of work. The highest significance level of labor union was that the organizations provided proper cost-of-living and fringe benefits for employees. The highest significance level of organizational commitment was that the employees always maintained their organizational values. The hypothesis testing revealed that the small, medium, and large enterprises differently focused on the enhancement of employee loyalty towards organization at statistical significance level of .05.
The results of structural equation model analysis showed that it passed the evaluation criteria with empirical data congruence including Chi-square probability of 0.699, relative Chi-square of 0.940, index of item objective congruence of 0.970, and root mean square error of approximation of 0.000.
Coloração caminho não repetitivo de ladders circulares
Authors: Botler Fábio , Lomenha Wanderson , Souza João Pedro de 
Published: June 2023

Fixe uma coloração c : V (G) → ℕ dos vértices de um grafo G e seja W = v1 · · · v2r um caminho em G. Dizemos que W é repetitivo (com respeito a c) se c(vi) = c(vi+r) para todo i ∈ [r]. Finalmente, dizemos que c é uma coloração caminho não-repetitiva de G se não existe caminho repetitivo em G, e denotamos por π(G) o menor número de cores em uma coloração caminho não-repetitiva de G. Nós estudamos o número cromático não repetitivo de ladders circulares. O k-ladder circular CLk é o grafo obtido de duas cópias v1 · · · vkv1 e u1 · · · uku1 do ciclo de ordem k pela adição do emparelhamento perfeito {viui : i ∈ [k]}. Neste artigo, mostramos que se k é par e k ≥ 36, então π(CLk) = 5.