bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial properties of poly (vinyl alcohol) films with zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF‐8) nanoparticles for food packaging
Authors: Hara Yutaro , Castell‐Perez Maria Elena , Moreira Rosana G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial packaging films are of interest to the fresh produce industry due to the high number of foodborne illness outbreaks associated with these products. This study evaluated the antimicrobial effectiveness of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films with embedded zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF‐8) nanoparticles carrying trans‐cinnamaldehyde (TC) against Escherichia coli MG1655 in spinach leaves. PVA films were synthesized using distilled water and mixed at 90°C for 1 h. The synthesized nanoparticles were introduced at various mass ratio concentrations (0%–5% weight of ZIF‐8@TC nanoparticles to PVA), namely PVA‐Z8‐0 (control) through PVA‐Z8‐5. The PVA and ZIF‐8@TC solution was mixed for 24 h until it seemed homogenous, cast, and dried in a ventilated oven at 35°C for 24 h. The release rate of TC from the PVA/ZIF‐8@TC into both ethanol and methanol was characterized using HPLC methods. Disk diffusion and growth studies were performed to quantify the films antimicrobial effectiveness. Disk diffusion test showed that antimicrobial activity against E. coli MG1655 increased (p < 0.05) with increased nanoparticles concentration. Growth characteristics were described by the Baranyi model with some variations. About 0.26, 0.73, and 1.65 log reductions were achieved with the PVA‐Z8‐1 to PVA‐Z8‐3 films, respectively, while total inactivation was achieved with both the PVA‐Z8‐4 and PVA‐Z8‐5 films (p < 0.05). Similarly, the Baranyi model described the inhibitory profiles of the different films. This study contributes to the overall food safety body of knowledge regarding fresh produce and other packaged foods through the development of biopolymeric films with embedded nanoparticles to entrap natural antimicrobials.Practical ApplicationThis study paves the way for further research on the development of active polymeric films for food packaging applications.
E‐scooters and maxillofacial fractures: a seven‐year multi‐centre retrospective review
Authors: Goh EZ , Beech N , Johnson NR 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundStanding electric scooters (e‐scooters) are a cost‐effective and environmentally‐friendly transport alternative, but also elicit substantial concern regarding associated craniofacial injuries. This study aims to describe the patient factors, procedural factors and post‐operative outcomes of maxillofacial fractures caused by e‐scooter accidents.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients aged 18 years or older who were surgically treated for these injuries in 2014–2020 at two Australian tertiary hospitals.ResultsThere were 18 cases included. Most cases were male (66%). The mean age was 35 years. Common risk factors were alcohol use (86%) and lack of helmet use (62%). The most common fracture pattern was zygomatico‐maxillary complex (ZMC) fractures (50%). There were no associated systemic injuries. Mean operation timing was 12 days post‐injury for ZMC fractures and 3 days post‐injury for condyle fractures. For ZMC fractures, the most common method of fixation was 2‐point fixation (66%). For condyle fractures, the most common surgical approach was arch bars only (83%). Post‐operative complications were reported in six cases, with malocclusion being the most common (n = 3). Revision surgeries were performed in two cases.ConclusionsMaxillofacial fractures associated with e‐scooter accidents appear to be increasing in incidence. Robust longitudinal evaluations with larger sample sizes are required to better understand associated presentations, surgical approaches and post‐operative complications.
A case of successful treatment of concurrent verrucous epidermal naevi and psoriasis with apremilast
Authors: Dev Prabin P. , Verma Prashant 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn a rare case of concurrent verrucous epidermal naevi (VEN) with psoriasis, previous treatments with oral methotrexate and acitretin showed minimal improvement. However, treatment with oral apremilast resulted in complete resolution of psoriasis and significant improvement in VEN lesions after 1 month. This is the first documented case of successful VEN treatment with apremilast, highlighting its potential efficacy in treating verrucous epidermal naevus. Further studies are needed to validate its effectiveness.
Heritage as liberation
Authors: Fryer Tiffany C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhy aren't archaeologists engaging in more substantive heritage work, and how might we do so? This article offers a conceptual framework for mobilizing our praxis toward the achievement of collective emancipation—what I am callingheritage as liberation. Heritage as liberation provides a mechanism for reckoning. It asks us to reevaluate our motivations and more clearly articulate what we stand for as archaeologists and heritage practitioners. I offer reflections on recent attempts by archaeologists to organize toward a just future, sketch what I think a practice of heritage as liberation offers that agenda, and then analyze the Equal Justice Initiative's (EJI) heritage work as an example of what is possible when we practice heritage as liberation. I close the article with thoughts on where archaeology stands in attempts to repair and redress past wrongs and on the range of contexts that might see an emancipatory heritage praxis enacted.
Outcomes of DCIS treated with breast conserving surgery without radiotherapy on recurrence, survival, and health‐related quality of life
Authors: Fitzpatrick Siobhan Elizabeth , Eaton Michael , McLeay William , Dean Nicola R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSector resection for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) allows wide excision without compromising breast shape. There are concerns that radiotherapy for some DCIS after sector resection is unnecessary and reduces patient satisfaction and quality of life without affecting survival. This study aimed to investigate whether women with DCIS managed with sector resection without radiotherapy had acceptable rates of recurrence and health‐related quality of life outcomes.MethodsRetrospective study of patients who underwent sector resection for DCIS without adjuvant radiotherapy from 1992 to 2021. Tumour size, grade, necrosis, margins, follow up and time to ipsilateral recurrence was recorded. Patients were posted a BREAST‐Q to assess health‐related quality of life.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐eight patients were treated for pure DCIS by two surgeons from 1992 to 2018. One hundred and sixteen patients underwent sector resection, 22 had mastectomy. Average age 61 years. Mean follow up 9.14 years. Recurrence rate after sector resection was 18.97%. 55% were DCIS. Annualized recurrence rate was 2.07%. There were no cancer‐related deaths. BREAST‐Q completion rate was 44%. Satisfaction with breasts, physical, psychosocial, and sexual well‐being scores were significantly higher than normative Australian values and a mixed cohort of women who underwent breast conserving surgery with radiotherapy.ConclusionDCIS can be safely managed with sector resection without radiotherapy and regular long‐term follow up. This approach results in low annualized recurrence rates, high levels patient satisfaction and health‐related quality of life and should be considered a safe alternative for patients with DCIS to minimize morbidity without affecting cancer survival.
A translational pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic approach supports optimal vonoprazan dosing for erosive oesophagitis and Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Scarpignato Carmelo , Howden Colin W. , Leifke Eckhard , Mulford Darcy J. , Lahu Gezim , Facius Axel , Hunt Richard 
Published: April 2023

SummaryBackgroundTreatment of acid‐related disorders relies on gastric acid suppression. The percentage of time intragastric pH is >4 (pH >4 holding time ratio [HTR]) is important for healing erosive oesophagitis; and the pH >6 HTR is critical for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection, as bacterial replication is active and antibiotic effectiveness is optimised. Vonoprazan, a potassium‐competitive acid blocker approved in the USA and other countries, suppresses gastric acid secretion in a predictable, rapid and consistent manner, extended over prolonged periods.AimTo explore the relationship between vonoprazan exposure and pH HTR through a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model.MethodsWe pooled data from Phase 1 studies with intragastric pH measurements. Pharmacokinetic profiles were predicted for study participants using an existing population pharmacokinetic model. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data were merged, and three direct‐link PK/PD models were derived and used to simulate pH HTRs with between‐participant variability for pH >4, >5 and >6, for vonoprazan doses of 20 mg once and twice daily.ResultsWe used data from five Phase 1 studies to derive the PK/PD model. These included 245 participants (95.1% male, 50.6% Japanese and 49.4% non‐Asian). Pre‐dose, the mean pH >4 HTR was 6.4%, pH >5 3.2% and pH >6 1.2%. After 7 days of dosing, simulations predicted pH >4 HTRs of 89.7% and 98.1%, and pH >6 HTRs of 53.1% and 75.3%, for vonoprazan 20 mg once and twice daily, respectively.ConclusionsVonoprazan 20 mg once‐ and twice‐daily dosing demonstrated high, dose‐dependent, 24‐hour intragastric acid control in this PK/PD model, supporting clinical efficacy data in patients with acid‐related disorders.
Sparse Estimation in Semiparametric Finite Mixture of Varying Coefficient Regression Models
Authors: Khalili Abbas , Shokoohi Farhad , Asgharian Masoud , Lin Shili 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFinite mixture of regressions (FMR) are commonly used to model heterogeneous effects of covariates on a response variable in settings where there are unknown underlying subpopulations. FMRs, however, cannot accommodate situations where covariates' effects also vary according to an “index” variable—known as finite mixture of varying coefficient regression (FM-VCR). Although complex, this situation occurs in real data applications: the osteocalcin (OCN) data analyzed in this manuscript presents a heterogeneous relationship where the effect of a genetic variant on OCN in each hidden subpopulation varies over time. Oftentimes, the number of covariates with varying coefficients also presents a challenge: in the OCN study, genetic variants on the same chromosome are considered jointly. The relative proportions of hidden subpopulations may also change over time. Nevertheless, existing methods cannot provide suitable solutions for accommodating all these features in real data applications. To fill this gap, we develop statistical methodologies based on regularized local-kernel likelihood for simultaneous parameter estimation and variable selection in sparse FM-VCR models. We study large-sample properties of the proposed methods. We then carry out a simulation study to evaluate the performance of various penalties adopted for our regularized approach and ascertain the ability of a BIC-type criterion for estimating the number of subpopulations. Finally, we applied the FM-VCR model to analyze the OCN data and identified several covariates, including genetic variants, that have age-dependent effects on OCN.
Turning the spotlight on bone marrow adipocytes in haematological malignancy and non‐malignant conditions
Authors: Austin Michael J. , Kalampalika Foteini , Cawthorn William P. , Patel Bela 
Published: April 2023

SummaryWhilst bone marrow adipocytes (BMAd) have long been appreciated by clinical haemato‐pathologists, it is only relatively recently, in the face of emerging data, that the adipocytic niche has come under the watchful eye of biologists. There is now mounting evidence to suggest that BMAds are not just a simple structural entity of bone marrow microenvironments but a bona fide driver of physio‐ and pathophysiological processes relevant to multiple aspects of health and disease. Whilst the truly multifaceted nature of BMAds has only just begun to emerge, paradigms have shifted already for normal, malignant and non‐malignant haemopoiesis incorporating a view of adipocyte regulation. Major efforts are ongoing, to delineate the routes by which BMAds participate in health and disease with a final aim of achieving clinical tractability. This review summarises the emerging role of BMAds across the spectrum of normal and pathological haematological conditions with a particular focus on its impact on cancer therapy.
Drainage and sedimentary response of the Northern Andes and the Pebas system to Miocene strike‐slip tectonics: A source to sink study of the Magdalena Basin
Authors: Zapata S. , Calderon‐Diaz L. , Jaramillo C. , Oboh‐Ikuenobe F. , Piedrahita J. C. , Rodríguez‐Cuevas M. , Cardona A. , Sobel E. R. , Parra M. , Valencia V. , Patiño A. , Jaramillo‐Rios J. S. , Flores M. , Glodny J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMiocene strike‐slip tectonics was responsible for creating and closing short‐lived (ca. 6 Ma) passages and the emergence of isolated topography in the Northern Andes. These geological events likely influenced the migration and/or isolation of biological populations. To better understand the paleogeography of the Miocene hinterland and foreland regions in the Northern Andes, we conducted a source‐to‐sink approach in the Magdalena Basin. This basin is located between the Central and Eastern Cordilleras of Colombia and contains an ample Miocene record, which includes Lower Miocene fine‐grained strata and Middle Miocene to Pliocene coarsening‐up strata. Our study presents a new data set that includes detrital U–Pb zircon ages (15 samples), sandstone petrography (45 samples) and low‐temperature thermochronology from the Southern Central Cordillera (19 dates); which together with previously published data were used to construct a paleogeographical model of the Miocene hinterland and foreland regions in the Northern Andes. The evolution of the Magdalena Basin during the Miocene was characterized by playa and permanent lake systems at ca. 17.5 Ma, which may be related to a marine incursion into NW South America and western Amazonia. The appearance of Eocene to Miocene volcanic sources in the Honda Group after ca. 16 Ma suggests the development of fluvial passages, which connected the Pacific with the western Amazonia and Caribbean regions. These passages were synchronous with a time of Miocene exhumation and topographic growth (ca. 16 to 10 Ma) in the Central Cordillera and the transition from lacustrine to fluvial deposition in the Magdalena Basin. Middle to Late Miocene strike‐slip deformation promoted by oblique plate convergence and the oblique collision of the Panamá‐Chocó Block likely explains the synchronous along‐strike fragmentation and exhumation in the Central Cordillera.
An operational workflow for producing periodic estimates of species occupancy at national scales
Authors: Boyd Robin J. , August Thomas A. , Cooke Robert , Logie Mark , Mancini Francesca , Powney Gary D. , Roy David B. , Turvey Katharine , Isaac Nick J. B. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTPolicy makers require high‐level summaries of biodiversity change. However, deriving such summaries from raw biodiversity data is a complex process involving several intermediary stages. In this paper, we describe an operational workflow for generating annual estimates of species occupancy at national scales from raw species occurrence data, which can be used to construct a range of policy‐relevant biodiversity indicators. We describe the workflow in detail: from data acquisition, data assessment and data manipulation, through modelling, model evaluation, application and dissemination. At each stage, we draw on our experience developing and applying the workflow for almost a decade to outline the challenges that analysts might face. These challenges span many areas of ecology, taxonomy, data science, computing and statistics. In our case, the principal output of the workflow is annual estimates of occupancy, with measures of uncertainty, for over 5000 species in each of several defined ‘regions’ (e.g. countries, protected areas, etc.) of the UK from 1970 to 2019. This data product corresponds closely to the notion of a species distribution Essential Biodiversity Variable (EBV). Throughout the paper, we highlight methodologies that might not be applicable outside of the UK and suggest alternatives. We also highlight areas where the workflow can be improved; in particular, methods are needed to mitigate and communicate the risk of bias arising from the lack of representativeness that is typical of biodiversity data. Finally, we revisit the ‘ideal’ and ‘minimal’ criteria for species distribution EBVs laid out in previous contributions and pose some outstanding questions that should be addressed as a matter of priority. Going forward, we hope that this paper acts as a template for research groups around the world seeking to develop similar data products.
Therapeutic potential of nitric oxide in vascular aging due to the promotion of angiogenesis
Authors: Zhang Jiaming , Li Cunrui , Zhang Yihua , Wu Jianbing , Huang Zhangjian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe decrease in angiogenesis that occurs with aging significantly contributes to the higher incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases among the elderly. This decline in angiogenesis becomes more pronounced with increasing age and is closely linked to abnormal function and senescence of endothelial cells. Enhancing angiogenesis in aging and targeting senescent endothelial cells have gained considerable attention. Nitric oxide (NO) has been thoroughly investigated for its function in regulating angiogenesis and is an important factor that can counteract endothelial cell senescence. This review summarizes the mechanisms of reduced angiogenesis during aging and therapeutic strategies targeting senescent cells. We also discuss the potential of combining the current approaches with NO in promoting angiogenesis in aging vessels.
Revisiting TOP2B‐related phenotypes: Three new cases and literature review
Authors: Çepni Ece , Börklü Esra , Avcı Şahin , Kalaycı Tuğba , Eraslan Serpil , Kayserili Hülya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDNA Topoisomerase IIβ (TOP2B) acts on DNA topology during transcription and has a critical role in neural development. Heterozygous pathogenic changes in its encoding gene, TOP2B (MIM *126431), has been linked with three overlapping phenotypes characterized by immunodeficiency, acral and urogenital anomalies: Hoffman, BILU and Ablepharon‐macrostomia‐like syndrome. We herein report on a mother and two sons with distinct TOP2B‐phenotype. Two males reported further delineated genital phenotype of males and all reported patients were reviewed for genotype–phenotype correlation. We believe the patients reported herein along with the previously defined 11 represent a phenotypic spectrum from mild‐to‐severe immunological, acral and urogenital involvement, for which we propose the acronym “TOP2B‐related Immunodeficiency and Congenital Anomalies Spectrum (TICAS)”.
Phylogenetic analysis of Blaberoidea reveals non‐monophyly of taxa and supports the creation of multiple new subfamilies
Authors: Wang Yi‐Shu , Zhang Jia‐Wei , Lo Nathan , Bourguignon Thomas , Guo Lin , Li Bian‐Lun , Che Yan‐Li , Wang Zong‐Qing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe superfamily Blaberoidea is a highly species‐rich group of cockroaches. High‐level blaberoidean phylogenetics are still under debate owing to variable taxon sampling and incongruence between mitochondrial and nuclear evolution, as well as different methods used in various phylogenetic studies. We here present a phylogenetic analysis of Blaberoidea based on a dataset combining the mitochondrial genome with two nuclear markers from representatives of all recognized families within the superfamily. Our results support the monophyly of Blaberiodea, which includes Ectobiidae s.s. (=Ectobiinae), Pseudophyllodromiidae, Nyctiboridae, Blattellidae s.s. (=Blattellinae) and Blaberidae. Ectobiidae s.s. was recovered as sister to the remaining Blaberoidea in all inferences. Pseudophyllodromiidae was paraphyletic with respect to Anaplectoidea + Malaccina. Blattellidae s.s. excluding Anaplectoidea + Malaccina formed a monophyletic group that was sister to Blaberidae. Based on our results, we propose a revised classification for Blaberoidea: Anaplectoidinae subfam.nov. and Episorineuchora gen.nov., and two new combinations at species level within Pseudophyllodromiidae; Rhabdoblattellinae subfam.nov., Calolamprodinae subfam.nov., Acutirhabdoblatta gen.nov., as well as new combinations for three species within Blaberidae. Ancestral state reconstructions based on four morphological characters allow us to infer that the common ancestor of blaberoid cockroaches is likely to be a species with characteristics similar to those found in Ectobiidae, that is, front femur Type B, arolium present, abdomen with a visible gland and male genital hook on the left side.
Zinc defends against Parthanatos and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury through SIRT3‐mediated anti‐oxidative stress and mitophagy
Authors: Jiang Dingyuan , Yang Xu , Ge Minghao , Hu Hengshuo , Xu Chang , Wen Shan , Deng Hao , Mei Xifan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a central nervous system injury that is primarily traumatic and manifests as motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction below the level of damage. Our previous studies confirmed the ability of zinc to protect mitochondria, protect neurons and promote spinal cord recovery. However, the role of zinc in Parthanatos is unknown.AimWe investigated the effects of zinc in Parthanatos from oxidative stress and mitophagy. We elucidated the role of SIRT3 in providing new ideas for treating spinal cord injury.The ResultsZinc protected SCI mice by regulating Parthanatos. On the one hand, zinc eliminated ROS directly through SIRT3 deacetylation targeting SOD2 to alleviate Parthanatos. On the other hand, zinc eliminated ROS indirectly through SIRT3‐mediated promotion of mitophagy to alleviate Parthanatos.ConclusionZinc defends against Parthanatos and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury through SIRT3‐mediated anti‐oxidative stress and mitophagy.
Robustness and sensitivity of some wavelet multifractal models in fractal data modelling
Authors: Arfaoui Sabrine , Abdallah Nidhal Ben 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany multifractal models such as self‐similar and scaling law types have been proved to be efficient modellers and estimators in many fields such as financial time series where the data hide fractal and multifractal structures, allowing its processing without sophisticated models to be difficult. However, in statistical analysis, a necessary part that should take place for any model and estimator consists in tests of performance such as confidence intervals and generally statistical tests to confirm the adequacy of the model. The present paper provides the consideration of multifractal models based on wavelets and self‐similar type processes to study statistical tests. To test the efficiency, accuracy and robustness of the models, different inferential statistics are introduced, provided with some empirical examples due to the EURO/USD exchange rate time series with a sample covering the period 03/01/2000 to 30/08/2022. Contrarily to existing works, we showed in the present work that quasi‐self‐similar type models are better for many reasons. They indeed guarantee the well fitting of the data dynamics, the nonlinearity in both the model and the multifractal spectrum, the renormalization parameters which may differ from one scale to another and the preservation of the quasi multiplicative structure.