bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Heterointerface of Co2P–CoxOy Nanoparticles within a Porous Carbon Network for Deciphering Superior Water Splitting
Authors: Huang Guo , Hu Miao , Xu Xingtao , Alothman Asma A. , Mushab Mohammed Sheikh Saleh , Ma Shaojian , Shen Pei Kang , Zhu Jinliang , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: January 2023

It is of great significance to design a bifunctional electrocatalyst for promoting hydrogen (HER) and oxygen (OER) evolution reactions simultaneously. Herein, inspired by the appropriate H atom binding energy on cobalt phosphides and excellent oxygen evolution kinetics on cobalt oxides, the regulative synthesis of a Co2P–Co
x
O
y
(Co
x
O
y
= CoO or Co3O4) heterogeneous nanoparticle‐anchored porous carbon network electrocatalyst via one‐pot heat treatment is reported. The as‐synthesized Co2P–Co3O4/C exhibits superior electrochemical activity with low overpotentials of 86 mV for HER and 246 mV for OER at 10 mA cm−2 in an alkaline electrolyte. Moreover, compared to the commercial Pt/C || RuO2/C system, the Co2P–Co3O4/C || Co2P–Co3O4/C system presents outstanding activity toward overall water splitting (1.55 V@10 mA cm−2), which is well maintained over long‐term (120 h) electrocatalysis. Density functional theory calculations show that the rich interfaces between Co2P and Co3O4 offer a synergistic effect, which enables Co2P–Co3O4/C as an excellent electrocatalyst toward both HER and OER.
Comparing RNA‐sequencing datasets from astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in multiple sclerosis identifies novel dysregulated genes relevant to inflammation and myelination
Authors: Drake Sienna S. , Zaman Aliyah , Simas Tristan , Fournier Alyson E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) inflammation is a key factor in multiple sclerosis (MS). Invasion of peripheral immune cells into the CNS resulting from an unknown signal or combination of signals results in activation of resident immune cells and the hallmark feature of the disease: demyelinating lesions. These lesion sites are an amalgam of reactive peripheral and central immune cells, astrocytes, damaged and dying oligodendrocytes, and injured neurons and axons. Sustained inflammation affects cells directly located within the lesion site and further abnormalities are apparent diffusely throughout normal‐appearing white matter and grey matter. It is only relatively recently, using animal models, new tissue sampling techniques, and next‐generation sequencing, that molecular changes occurring in CNS resident cells have been broadly captured. Advances in cell isolation through Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) and laser‐capture microdissection together with the emergence of single‐cell sequencing have enabled researchers to investigate changes in gene expression in astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes derived from animal models of MS as well as from primary patient tissue. The contribution of some dysregulated pathways has been followed up in individual studies; however, corroborating results often go unreported between sequencing studies. To this end, we have consolidated results from numerous RNA‐sequencing studies to identify and review novel patterns of differentially regulated genes and pathways occurring within CNS glial cells in MS.This article is categorized under:
Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
Total marrow irradiation versus total body irradiation using intensity-modulated helical tomotherapy
Authors: Köksal Mümtaz , Kersting Laura , Schoroth Felix , Garbe Stephan , Koch David , Scafa Davide , Sarria Gustavo R. , Leitzen Christina , Heine Annkristin , Holderried Tobias , Brossart Peter , Zoga Eleni , Attenberger Ulrike , Schmeel Leonard C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Total body irradiation (TBI) is often a component of the conditioning regimen prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematological malignancies. However, total marrow irradiation (TMI) could be an alternative method for reducing radiation therapy-associated toxicity, as it specifically targets the skeleton and thus could better protect organs at risk. Here, we compared dosimetric changes in irradiation received by the target volume and organs at risk between TBI and TMI plans.

Materials and methods
Theoretical TMI plans were calculated for 35 patients with various hematological malignancies who had already received TBI in our clinic. We then statistically compared irradiation doses between the new TMI plans and existing TBI plans. We examined whether TMI provides greater protection of organs at risk while maintaining the prescribed dose in the targeted skeletal area. We also compared beam-on times between TBI and TMI.

Results
TMI planning achieved significant reductions in the mean, minimum, and maximum irradiation doses in the lungs, kidneys, liver, spleen, and body (i.e., remaining tissue except organs and skeleton). In particular, the mean dose was reduced by 49% in the liver and spleen and by 55–59% in the kidneys. Moreover, TMI planning reduced the corpus beam-on time by an average of 217 s.

Conclusion
TMI planning achieved significant dose reduction in organs at risk while still achieving the prescribed dose in the target volume. Additionally, TMI planning reduced the beam-on time for corpus plans despite a high modulation factor.

Graphical abstract
Inflammatory brain lesions preceding primary central nervous system lymphoma: a case report and genetic analysis
Authors: XiaoHong Zheng , Shuo Yin , GeHong Dong , AnChao Yang , Ce Wang , YunYun Duan , Can Wang , SiJie Huang , Feng Chen , WenBin Li 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an aggressive extranodal lymphoma exclusively occurring within the central nervous system. Inflammatory brain lesions as “sentinel lesions” of PCNSL are very rare. We present a rare case of PCNSL with preceding inflammatory lesions in an immunocompetent patient who underwent two biopsies, one craniotomy and two genetic testing.

Case report
A 66-year-old male patient presented with left limb weakness and ataxia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a contrast-enhancing lesion with perifocal brain edema in the near midline of right frontal lobe. Histological examination of a brain biopsy specimen revealed inflammatory lesion characteristics with infiltration of T-cell dominant lymphocytes and few B-cell. Given that the patient developed cerebral hematoma after biopsy, lesion resection by craniotomy was performed. An excised sample demonstrated mixed T-cell and B-cell infiltrating inflammatory lesions. Four months after total resection of the right frontal lobe lesion, another lesion appeared in the left frontal parietal lobe, which was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by biopsy. In addition, genetic testing of the lesions at two different locations was performed, and the results showed that the inflammatory lesions had the same three gene (RELN, PCLO, and CREBBP) mutations as PCNSL. Interestingly, the three mutated genes are associated with tumor.

Conclusion
Our present case is the first to demonstrate inflammatory brain lesions heralding PCNSL from genetic and pathological perspectives. This may help clinicians to select new auxiliary diagnostic methods for timely diagnosis of patients with suspected PCNSL.
On a simple estimation of the proportional odds model under right truncation
Authors: Liu Peng , Chan Kwun Chuen Gary , Chen Ying Qing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRetrospective sampling can be useful in epidemiological research for its convenience to explore an etiological association. One particular retrospective sampling is that disease outcomes of the time-to-event type are collected subject to right truncation, along with other covariates of interest. For regression analysis of the right-truncated time-to-event data, the so-called proportional reverse-time hazards model has been proposed, but the interpretation of its regression parameters tends to be cumbersome, which has greatly hampered its application in practice. In this paper, we instead consider the proportional odds model, an appealing alternative to the popular proportional hazards model. Under the proportional odds model, there is an embedded relationship between the reverse-time hazard function and the usual hazard function. Building on this relationship, we provide a simple procedure to estimate the regression parameters in the proportional odds model for the right truncated data. Weighted estimations are also studied.
A survey exploring factors affecting employment of physician associates in Ireland
Authors: Joyce Pauline , Alexander Lisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
In the Republic of Ireland, the employment of physician associates (PAs) is growing. Following a pilot project in a hospital setting, PAs are now employed across primary and secondary care in public and private sectors. Most of the Irish PA graduates are working in hospital settings.

Aims
The aim of the study was to explore factors which supported or inhibited the employment of PAs in Irish hospital settings and the perceived supports or challenges for potential employers in recruiting PAs.

Methods
An online survey gathered data via human resources departments of public and private hospitals, with a 25% response rate.

Results
Similar to previous studies, the barriers included the lack of recognition and regulation of the role and the small number of PAs to fill available posts. Enablers, which influenced the employment of PAs, included improving workflow, continuity of care and helping to address junior doctors’ working hours.

Conclusions
Our data suggests that there is a keen interest and willingness to employ PAs and there is great potential to expand the role in Irish healthcare. However, there are some key issues around funding and recognition to be addressed at government level for this profession to highlight its worth.
CHEOPS trial: a GINECO group randomized phase II assessing addition of a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor to oral vinorelbine in pre-treated metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: Bailleux Caroline , Arnaud Antoine , Frenel Jean-Sébastien , Chabaud Sylvie , Bachelot Thomas , You Benoît , Stefani Laëtitia , Tixidre Claire Garnier , Simon Hélène , Beal-Ardisson Dominique , Jacquin Jean-Philippe , Del Piano Francesco , Lortholary Alain , Cornea Claudiu , Greilsamer Charlotte , Largillier Rémy , Brocard Fabien , Legouffe Eric , Atlassi Mustapha , Hardy-Bessard Anne-Claire , Heudel Pierre-Etienne 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The objective of the CHEOPS trial was to assess the benefit of adding aromatase inhibitor (AI) to metronomic chemotherapy, oral vinorelbine, 50 mg, three times a week for pre-treated, HR + /HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients.

Methods
In this multicentric phase II study, patients had to have progressed on AI and one or two lines of chemotherapy. They were randomized between oral vinorelbine (Arm A) and oral vinorelbine with non-steroidal AI (Arm B).

Results
121 patients were included, 61 patients in Arm A and 60 patients in Arm B. The median age was 68 years. 109 patients had visceral metastases. They all had previously received an AI. The study had been prematurely stopped following the third death due to febrile neutropenia. Median PFS trend was found to be different with 2.3 months and 3.7 months in Arm A and Arm B, respectively (HR 0.73, 95%CI 0.50–1.06, p value = 0.0929). No statistical difference was shown in OS and better tumor response. 56 serious adverse events corresponding to 25 patients (21%) were reported (respectively, 12 (20%) versus 13 (22%) for arms A and B) (NS).

Conclusion
The addition of AI to oral vinorelbine over oral vinorelbine alone in aromatase inhibitor-resistant metastatic breast cancer was associated with a non-significant improvement of PFS. Several unexpected serious adverse events were reported. Metronomic oral vinorelbine schedule, at 50 mg three times a week, requires close biological monitoring. The question of hormonal treatment and chemotherapy combination remains open.
Nutrients and trace elements of semi-arid dwarf and fully developed mangrove soils, northwestern Venezuela
Authors: Romero-Mujalli Gibran , Melendez Williams 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMangrove forests are characterized by a high carbon storage capacity. Anthropogenic activities and the climate change are threatening the stability of these ecosystems, specially those that are surviving on extreme environmental conditions, representing the most susceptible groups. This study aims to understand the geochemical differences of soils of mangrove forest with diverse degree of development of Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia germinans, located in two semi-arid regions from the Falcon state, Venezuela. The soil samples were collected in Punta Caimán region (dwarf mangroves of less than 2 meters height) and Boca de caño lagoon (fully developed mangroves of up to 8 meters height). The trace elements and macronutrients were determined in two sequential extraction, first with 1M HCl followed by an extraction with ultrapure grade $$HNO_{3}$$

H
N

O
3

. Results showed that, in general, dwarf mangroves have limited capability to accumulate organic matter in the soil (average TOC of $$0.6 \pm 0.2\%$$

0.6
±
0.2
%

) and that the sampled surface soils from the dwarf mangrove region had no differences with deeper material. On the other hand, the TOC of soils dominated by developed mangroves is $$6 \pm 2 \%$$

6
±
2
%

, representative of semi-arid conditions. Moreover, the soils dominated by dwarf mangroves are characterized high concentrations of trace elements related to the chalcophile group. The difference in soil chemistry between Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia germinans becomes significant when mangroves are fully developed. Finally, soils of dwarf mangrove forests presented a greater concentration of trace elements than soils of fully developed mangroves, which might be due to a different sediment source, to an anthropogenic influence or to the difference in organic matter.
Computational model to estimate new energy solutions in existing buildings
Authors: Korpela A. , Kallioharju K. , Mäkinen A. , Salo T. , Uusitalo S. , Virta A. , Schweigler C. , Barton M. , Korth T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMainly due to actions that aim to decelerate climate change, existing buildings are actively updated with new energy solutions. These typically aim to increase energy efficiency and to enhance the utilization of renewables. When the possibilities to produce, to consume and to store energy are manifold, and when the topical themes of peak shaving and demand response are taken into account, we a dealing with a complex field and vast number of variables in building’s energy management. To find optimal solutions for these situations, Smart Case NZEB (Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings) was initiated. Smart Case NZEB is a Finnish-German joint-project, which aimed to find optimized energy solutions for modern buildings. The project was carried out in collaboration between Universities of Applied Sciences in Tampere (Finland) and in Munich (Germany), several companies were also involved. The development of the model presented in this paper bases on the simulation requirements set by the project. In order to support detailed and quite complicated IDA ICE modelling, we needed a simple and reliable model to simulate the effects of new energy solutions in existing buildings. Such solutions include, for example, electric and thermal energy storages for peak shaving of grid power and district heating. Reliable operation of simple computational model is based on calibration with measured data, after which the model can be used to estimate the effects of new energy solutions. In this paper we present the principle of the model and simulation results of the target building used in the project.
Stress evolution and fracture propagation of infill well after production and injection of parent well in a tight oil reservoir
Authors: Shi Shanzhi , Shi Can , Tian Gang , Lin Botao , Yu Huiyong , Wei Shiming , Wang Zejia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStimulation of unconventional tight oil formations via horizontal wells has seen increasing cases of fracturing infill wells in recent years. The effectiveness of such a strategy is mainly dependent on the proper characterization of the stress evolution and an accurate forecast of the subsequent fracture propagation in the region neighboring the infill wells after considering the production performance and the injection schemes of the parent wells. In this respect, a comprehensive approach was proposed to simulate the stress evolution caused by the production and injection of the parent wells. The approach can also predict the upcoming fracture propagation behavior of the infill well. It was found that depletion in the parent wells can result in dramatic changes of the stress field, highlighted by apparent decreases in the magnitude of the minimum horizontal stress and changes in its orientation. Controlled injection in the parent wells can reproduce the original stress field, which favors the transverse extension of the fracture network in the infill well. In contrast, soaking well alone has little effect on improving the stress field. Therefore, this study suggests optimal injection schemes for parent wells and provides insights for fracture cluster designs in an infill well, eventually leading to maximized productivity of the infill well.
Time-efficient simulations of fighter aircraft weapon bay
Authors: Rajkumar Karthick , Tangermann Eike , Klein Markus , Ketterl Sebastian , Winkler Andreas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA cavity flow exhibits aero-acoustic coupling between the separated shear layer and reflecting waves within the walls of the cavity, which leads to emergence of dominant modes. It is of primary importance that this flow mechanism inside the cavity is understood to provide insights and control the relevant parameters and that it can be properly predicted using state-of-the-art CFD tools. In this study, an open-cavity configuration with doors attached on the sides and a length-to-depth ratio of $$\mathbf{5}.7 $$

5
.
7

have been studied numerically using the TAU code developed by the German Aerospace Center for transonic flows with three simulation methods such as DES with wall functions and SST-SAS with resolved wall flow or wall function techniques. The free-stream conditions investigated are Mach number (Ma) $$\mathbf{0}.8 $$

0
.
8

with Reynolds number (Re) $$\mathbf{12} \times \mathbf{10} ^\mathbf{6 }$$

12
×

10

6

. The Rossiter modes occurring in the cavity due to the acoustic feedback mechanism have been numerically computed and validated. The SST-SAS model is around 90% more computationally efficient compared to the hybrid RANS-LES model providing excellent accuracy in predicting the Rossiter modes. The SST-SAS model with wall functions is 50% more computationally efficient than wall-resolving SAS simulations showing good behaviour in predicting modal frequencies and shapes, with further scope for improvement in the spectral magnitude levels.
Eigenvalues of the Laplacian on balls with spherically symmetric metrics
Authors: Berge Stine Marie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article we will explore Dirichlet Laplace eigenvalues of balls with spherically symmetric metrics. We will compare any Dirichlet Laplace eigenvalue with the corresponding Dirichlet Laplace eigenvalue on balls in Euclidean space with the same radii. As a special case we shall show that the Dirichlet Laplace eigenvalues of balls with small radii on the sphere are smaller than the corresponding eigenvalues of the Euclidean balls with the same radii. The opposite correspondence is true for the Dirichlet Laplace eigenvalues of hyperbolic spaces.
The Heston stochastic volatility model has a boundary trace at zero volatility
Authors: Alziary Bénédicte , Takáč Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe establish boundary regularity results in Hölder spaces for the degenerate parabolic problem obtained from the Heston stochastic volatility model in Mathematical Finance set up in the spatial domain (upper half-plane) $$\mathbb {H} = \mathbb {R}\times (0,\infty )\subset \mathbb {R}^2$$

H
=
R
×

(
0
,
∞
)

⊂

R

2

. Starting with nonsmooth initial data $$u_0\in H$$

u
0

∈
H

, we take advantage of smoothing properties of the parabolic semigroup $$\textrm{e}^{-t{\mathcal {A}}}:\,H\rightarrow H$$

e

-
t
A

:

H
→
H

, $$t\in \mathbb {R}_+$$

t
∈

R
+

, generated by the Heston model, to derive the smoothness of the solution $$u(t) = \textrm{e}^{-t{\mathcal {A}}} u_0$$

u

(
t
)

=

e

-
t
A

u
0

for all $$t>0$$

t
>
0

. The existence and uniqueness of a weak solution is obtained in a Hilbert space $$H = L^2(\mathbb {H};\mathfrak {w})$$

H
=

L
2

(
H
;
w
)

with very weak growth restrictions at infinity and on the boundary $$\partial \mathbb {H}= \mathbb {R}\times \{ 0\}\subset \mathbb {R}^2$$

∂
H
=
R
×

{
0
}

⊂

R

2

of the half-plane $$\mathbb {H}$$
H
. We investigate the influence of the boundary behavior of the initial data $$u_0\in H$$

u
0

∈
H

on the boundary behavior of u(t) for $$t>0$$

t
>
0

.
Still No Evidence for a Jewish Group Evolutionary Strategy
Authors: Cofnas Nathan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractI recently criticized some key tenets of what I called the “anti-Jewish narrative,” particularly as defended by Kevin MacDonald. According to MacDonald, Judaism is a “group evolutionary strategy” that led Jews to impose liberal multiculturalism on the West in order to advance their evolutionary interests at the expense of gentiles. In light of MacDonald’s reply, in this paper, I refine my previous arguments, address some popular misunderstandings, and discuss the root causes and consequences of anti-Semitism. I conclude that, contra the anti-Jewish narrative, Jews are not particularly ethnocentric, Jewish intellectuals do not typically advocate liberal multiculturalism for gentiles but not for Jews, Jews did not orchestrate the rise of liberalism or blank-slatism in the West, and anti-Semitism is not primarily a response to actual Jewish wrongdoing.
Knowledge inheritance and performance of spinouts
Authors: Costa Carla , Baptista Rui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigate the impact of knowledge inheritance by vertical spinouts originating from user and supplier industries on performance. We test whether spinouts from a supplier or user industry perform better than focal industry spinouts and de novo entrants. Using longitudinal micro data for the Portuguese molds and plastics industries we find that vertical user and supplier spinouts perform better in terms of survival (but not in terms of early sales) than focal industry spinouts, and all types of spinouts perform better than de novo entrants. The results suggest that vertical spinouts possess specific knowledge that might be more valuable than that of focal industry spinouts, while spinouts originating from suppliers underperform those originating from users.