bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An educational program of reducing moral distress (PRMD) in nurses; designing and evaluating
Authors: Tavakol Nahid , Molazem Zahra , Rakhshan Mahnaz , Asemani Omid 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Moral distress is common phenomenon that has negative consequences on nurses, patients, and healthcare systems. This study aims to design and evaluate an educational program to reduce moral distress in nurses.

Methods
This multiphase mixed-method study was done in three stage on February 2021 in Shiraz/Iran. In pre-implementation stage, a content analysis study was conducted on 12 participants were interviewed using purposive sampling and then the program was designed according to qualitative data, panel of expertise and literature review according the seven steps of Ewles and Sminett’s model and implemented in one group on 40 nurses using a quasi-experimental design. In Post-Implementation stage, effectiveness of program was evaluated through quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data were gathered by Hamric's 21-question moral distress questionnaire analyzed via SPSS v.25 and analysis of variance repeated measures test. Also, a content analysis study was conducted on 6 PRMD participants using purposive sampling. In Program evaluation stage, convergence of quantitative and qualitative data and the effects of the program were examined. Trustworthiness of qualitative data was accomplished by Lincoln and Guba criteria.

Results
First quantitative study revealed the causes of moral distress consisted of deficiency in professional competency, unsuitable organizational culture, personal factors, environmental and organizational factors, management factors, insufficiencies in proficient and efficient communication and nurses' observation of moral dilemma. Results of quantitative stage showed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the mean score of moral distress before, after, 1 and 2 months after the intervention. The participants in secondary qualitative stage, reported increasing their moral knowledge and skills, improving ethical climate, and moral empowerment.

Conclusion
The use of different educational tools and teaching methods and the participation of managers in designing strategies had a very effective role in the effectiveness of this educational program.
Expression of the endocannabinoid system and response to cannabinoid components by the human fetal testis
Authors: Dochez-Arnault J. , Desdoits-Lethimonier C. , Matias I. , Evrard B. , Lagarrigue M. , Toupin M. , Lardenois A. , Chalmel F. , Mazaud-Guittot S. , Dejucq-Rainsford N. , Gely-Pernot A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCannabis consumption by pregnant women continues to increase worldwide, raising concerns about adverse effects on fetal growth and deleterious impacts on the newborn, in connection with evidence of placental transfer of cannabis compound. Cannabis action is mediated by the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which expression is well established in the brain but unknown in the developing testis. The fetal testis, whose endocrine function orchestrates the masculinization of many distant organs, is particularly sensitive to disruption by xenobiotics. In this context, we aimed to determine whether cannabis exposure has the potential to directly impact the human fetal testis.MethodsWe determined the expression of components of the ECS in the human fetal testis from 6 to 17 developmental weeks and assessed the direct effects of phytocannabinoids Δ9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on the testis morphology and cell functions ex vivo.ResultsWe demonstrate the presence in the human fetal testis of two key endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) and to a lower level anandamide (AEA), as well as a range of enzymes and receptors for the ECS. Ex vivo exposure of first trimester testes to CBD, THC, or CBD/THC [ratio 1:1] at 10−7to 10−5 M altered testosterone secretion by Leydig cells, AMH secretion by Sertoli cells, and impacted testicular cell proliferation and viability as early as 72 h post-exposure. Transcriptomic analysis on 72 h-exposed fetal testis explants revealed 187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including genes involved in steroid synthesis and toxic substance response. Depending on the molecules and testis age, highly deleterious effects of phytocannabinoid exposure were observed on testis tissue after 14 days, including Sertoli and germ cell death.ConclusionsOur study is the first to evidence the presence of the ECS in the human fetal testis and to highlight the potential adverse effect of cannabis consumption by pregnant women onto the development of the male gonad.
An autopsy case of infective aortic aneurysm with Pasteurella multocida infection: clinicopathological appearance and a review of literatures
Authors: Nomoto Kazuhiro , Hata Yukiko , Ichimata Shojiro , Mizuno Syu , Nishida Naoki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHere, we showed our clinicopathological findings of infected aortic aneurysm (IAA) with Pasteurella multocida, which is a Gram-negative coccobacillus and is part of the normal oral flora of many animals. The patient was a 76-year-old male animal owner with a history of diabetes mellitus, alcoholic liver damage, and laryngeal cancer. He died 16 days after admission without undergoing operation because of poor general condition. Autopsy showed saccular outpouching with loss of the existing aortic wall and marked neutrophilic infiltration in the suprarenal abdominal aorta. Rupture was not evident. A polymerase chain reaction assay using DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimen of the aneurysmal wall detected the Pasteurella multocida gene, therefore we conclude that the present case was IAA of native aorta with Pasteurella multocida infection. A review of the literature showed that IAA of native aorta with Pasteurella multocida infection is opportunistic and that liver disorder, alcohol addiction, diabetes mellitus, and animal bite may increase its risk. On the other hand, aortic endograft infection with Pasteurella multocida frequently occurred without an immunocompromised state. Pasteurella multocida may be a distinct causative microorganism in IAA, and/or sepsis when the participant is an animal owner.
Low-grade inflammation is associated with a heterogeneous lipoprotein subclass profile in an apparently healthy population sample
Authors: Pontzen Daniel L. , Bahls Martin , Albrecht Diana , Felix Stephan B. , Dörr Marcus , Ittermann Till , Nauck Matthias , Friedrich Nele 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Prevention measures for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have shifted their focus from lipoproteins to the immune system. However, low-grade inflammation and dyslipidemia are tightly entangled. The objective of this study was to assess the relations between a broad panel of inflammatory biomarkers and lipoprotein subclass parameters.

Methods
We utilized data from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND, n = 403). Plasma concentrations of 37 inflammatory markers were measured by a bead-based assay. Furthermore, we employed nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure total cholesterol, total triglycerides, total phospholipids as well as the fractional concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, ApoA1, ApoA2 and ApoB in all major lipoprotein subclasses. Associations between inflammatory biomarkers and lipoprotein subclasses were analyzed by adjusted linear regression models.

Results
APRIL, BAFF, TWEAK, sCD30, Pentraxin-3, sTNFR1, sTNFR2, Osteocalcin, Chitinase 3-like 1, IFN-alpha2, IFN-gamma, IL-11, IL-12p40, IL-29, IL-32, IL-35, TSLP, MMP1 and MMP2 were related with lipoprotein subclass components, forming two distinct clusters. APRIL had inverse relations to HDL-C (total and subclasses) and HDL Apo-A1 and Apo-A2 content. MMP-2 was inversely related to VLDL-C (total and subclasses), IDL-C as well as LDL5/6-C and VLDL-TG, IDL-TG, total triglycerides as well as LDL5/5-TG and HDL4-TG. Additionally, we identified a cluster of cytokines linked to the Th1-immune response, which were associated with an atherogenic lipoprotein profile.

Conclusion
Our findings expand the existing knowledge of inflammation-lipoprotein interactions, many of which are suggested to be involved in the pathogeneses of chronic non-communicable diseases. The results of our study support the use of immunomodulatory substances for the treatment and possibly prevention of CVD.
Electro-acupuncture for health-related quality of life and symptoms in patients with gastric cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy (EAGER): a protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chang Xuesong , Zhu Yanjuan , Zhao Wenjie , Liu Yihong , He Yihan , Chen Yadong , Xu Danghan , Mao Jun J. , Zhang Hai-bo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with local gastric cancer experience a decline of Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) during adjuvant chemotherapy following gastrectomy. Our previous pilot study has indicated the potential of acupuncture to improve HRQOL and control cancer-related symptoms burden. This full-scale trial will focus on confirming the effect of acupuncture for patients with gastric cancer.

Methods
A multicenter, open-label, three-arm randomized controlled trial with 249 patients will be conducted in China. Patients will be randomly assigned, in a ratio of 1:1:1, to receive high-dose acupuncture (HA, 7 times each chemo-cycle for 3 cycles), low-dose acupuncture (LA, 3 times each chemo-cycle for 3 cycles), or no acupuncture. The acupoints prescription consisted of bilateral ST36, PC6, SP4, DU20, EX-HN3, and selected Back-shu points. Patients-reported Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Gastric (FACT-Ga) and modified Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (mESAS) during the therapy will be recorded. Area under curve (AUC, 21 days/cycle × 3 cycles) and average trajectory of FACT-Ga and mESAS will be calculated. The primary outcome will be the differences in AUC of the FACT-Ga Trial Outcome Index (TOI) between HA and LA versus control groups. Secondary outcomes include AUCs and average trajectory of other FACT-Ga subscales and mESAS scores.

Discussion
This study aims to assess the effect of acupuncture and to compare the difference between LA and HA groups on HRQOL and symptom burden controlling in gastric cancer patients by an adequately powered trial.

Trial registration
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number: BF2018-118) with registration at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT04360577).
First 3-D reconstruction of copulation in Lepidoptera: interaction of genitalia in Tortrix viridana (Tortricidae)
Authors: Zlatkov Boyan , Vergilov Vladislav , Pérez Santa-Rita José Vicente , Baixeras Joaquín 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The process of copulation in Lepidoptera is understudied and poorly understood from a functional perspective. The purpose of the present paper is to study the interaction of the male and female genitalia of Tortrix viridana Linnaeus, 1758 via three-dimensional models of pairs fixed during copulation. Other techniques (confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and histology) were used to clarify the role of the organs involved in the process.

Results
Three-dimensional models based on micro-CT scanned copulating pairs were generated allowing visualisation of the position of the male and female counterparts, spatial changes during copulation, and the skeleto-muscular apparatus involved in the process. The male genitalia and their musculature are simplified in comparison with other lineages of the family, but the opposite is true for the female genitalia. The attachment of the couple is achieved only through flexion of the valvae, clasping the large and sclerotised sternite 7 of the female. The anal cone and socii of the male are in contact with certain parts of the anal papillae and the sterigma of the female. The long tubular vesica is inserted into the narrow posterior part of the ductus bursae. Its eversion is achieved by an increase in haemolymph pressure. A possible mechanism of stimulation of the female via pulsations of the diverticulum of the vesica was discovered. A compressed sclerotised area of the ductus bursae putatively serves as a valve controlling the transfer of ejaculated materials. Copulation progresses through two phases: in the first the vesica and its diverticulum are inflated by haemolymph, and in the second the diverticulum is not inflated, and the vesica is occupied by viscous ejaculated material. The formation of the multilayered spermatophore was observed, and we discovered that sperm is transferred very late in the copulation process.

Conclusions
Copulation process in Lepidoptera is studied for the first time with three-dimensional reconstructions of couples of Tortrix viridana, used as a model species. The internal genitalia is the scenario of multiple interactions between male and female, but the external remain static. A possible mechanism of stimulation of the female internal copulation organs is proposed.
Pathologic collision of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma with small cell carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Jiang Wei , Pan Chi , Guo Wei , Xu Zhen , Ni Qingtao , Ruan Yashi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Urothelial carcinoma is a major subtype of bladder cancer and small cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare type of cancer in clinical practice. Pathologic collision of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma with SCC is not common in clinical settings.

Case presentation
Here, we report a patient with high-grade papillary carcinoma which changed to collision tumor with SCC. The patient underwent radical cystectomy; however, neck and mediastinum lymph nodes metastases were detected 11 months after the operation. The lymph nodes were diagnosed pathologically as SCC. Chemoradiotherapy was subsequently prescribed. Unfortunately, this patient died of COVID-19 in early 2023.

Discussion
We hypothesized the mechanism underlying this pathological transformation. For patients with urothelial bladder cancer, pathological analysis should be conducted to allow standardized and persistent treatment. Moreover, drugs should be selected depending on the type of pathology, especially for patients who develop relapse, since collision tumor or other pathological tumors may be present.

Conclusions
We recommend that radical cystectomy be performed early enough for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, who are at a high risk of tumor recurrence. However, this conclusion needs to be validated in a larger number of patients.
CMOT: Cross-Modality Optimal Transport for multimodal inference
Authors: Alatkar Sayali Anil , Wang Daifeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMultimodal measurements of single-cell sequencing technologies facilitate a comprehensive understanding of specific cellular and molecular mechanisms. However, simultaneous profiling of multiple modalities of single cells is challenging, and data integration remains elusive due to missing modalities and cell–cell correspondences. To address this, we developed a computational approach, Cross-Modality Optimal Transport (CMOT), which aligns cells within available multi-modal data (source) onto a common latent space and infers missing modalities for cells from another modality (target) of mapped source cells. CMOT outperforms existing methods in various applications from developing brain, cancers to immunology, and provides biological interpretations improving cell-type or cancer classifications.
Mapping genetic variants for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay regulation across human tissues
Authors: Sun Bo , Chen Liang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundNonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) was originally conceived as an mRNA surveillance mechanism to prevent the production of potentially deleterious truncated proteins. Research also shows NMD is an important post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanism selectively targeting many non-aberrant mRNAs. However, how natural genetic variants affect NMD and modulate gene expression remains elusive.ResultsHere we elucidate NMD regulation of individual genes across human tissues through genetical genomics. Genetic variants corresponding to NMD regulation are identified based on GTEx data through unique and robust transcript expression modeling. We identify genetic variants that influence the percentage of NMD-targeted transcripts (pNMD-QTLs), as well as genetic variants regulating the decay efficiency of NMD-targeted transcripts (dNMD-QTLs). Many such variants are missed in traditional expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping. NMD-QTLs show strong tissue specificity especially in the brain. They are more likely to overlap with disease single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Compared to eQTLs, NMD-QTLs are more likely to be located within gene bodies and exons, especially the penultimate exons from the 3′ end. Furthermore, NMD-QTLs are more likely to be found in the binding sites of miRNAs and RNA binding proteins.ConclusionsWe reveal the genome-wide landscape of genetic variants associated with NMD regulation across human tissues. Our analysis results indicate important roles of NMD in the brain. The preferential genomic positions of NMD-QTLs suggest key attributes for NMD regulation. Furthermore, the overlap with disease-associated SNPs and post-transcriptional regulatory elements implicates regulatory roles of NMD-QTLs in disease manifestation and their interactions with other post-transcriptional regulators.
Pro-tumorigenic role of lnc-ZNF30-3 as a sponge counteracting miR-145-5p in prostate cancer
Authors: Le Hars Matthieu , Castro-Vega Luis Jaime , Rajabi Fatemeh , Tabatadze David , Romero Martha , Pinskaya Marina , Groisman Irina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer remains one of the deadliest neoplasms in developed countries. Identification of new molecular markers that predict the onset and progression of the disease could improve its clinical management. Low miR-145-5p expression is consistently found in primary tumors and metastases, but the regulatory mechanisms governing its functions remain largely unknown.

Methods
Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify [1] a set of novel potential competing endogenous lncRNAs for sponging of miRNA-145-5p in prostate cancer and [2] miR-145-5p and other EMT-related miRNAs response elements in lnc-ZNF30-3. Quantification of miR-145-5p, lnc-ZNF30-3, and TWIST1 expression levels in tumor tissues in RNA sequencing datasets of our and TCGA PRAD cohorts revealed a correlation with clinical outcome of prostate cancer patients. Biochemical and cell biology approaches, such as RNA pull-down, western blot, immunostaining, and wound healing assays were used for evaluation of the impact of TWIST1/miR-145/ lnc-ZNF30-3 interactions in prostate cancer cells altered in miRNA and lncRNA expression.

Results
We identified a few potential lncRNA sponges of miR-145-5p, including lnc-ZNF30-3. It contains five response elements for miR-145-5p, but also other miRNAs targeting EMT transcription factors. Lnc-ZNF30-3 is significantly upregulated in prostate cancer cell lines and tumor tissues, and its high expression is correlated with poor patient prognosis. We demonstrated that lnc-ZNF30-3 is associated with AGO2 and specifically interacts with the miR-145-5p seed region. Knockdown of lnc-ZNF30-3 results in decreased migration of prostate cancer cells and downregulation of EMT drivers such as TWIST1 and ZEB1 at both the RNA and protein levels. These phenotypic and molecular features of lnc-ZNF30-3-depleted cells are partially rescued by miR-145-5p inhibition.

Conclusions
Collectively, our results point to lnc-ZNF30-3 as a novel competing endogenous lncRNA for miR-145-5p and other miRNAs that target TWIST1 as well as other EMT transcription factors. Prostate cancer patients with high lncRNA expression in primary tumors show lower survival rate suggesting that lnc-ZNF30-3 may contribute to prostate cancer progression and metastasis.
Comparative effectiveness of 10-week equipment-based pilates and diaphragmatic breathing exercise on heart rate variability and pulmonary function in young adult healthy women with normal BMI – a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Adıgüzel Songül , Aras Dicle , Gülü Mehmet , Aldhahi Monira I. , Alqahtani Abdulfattah S. , AL-Mhanna Sameer Badri 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The positive effects of Pilates and slow-controlled breathing exercises on health are examined in different studies. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of 10-week equipment-based Pilates, slow-controlled breathing exercises, and a combination of both on heart rate variability (HRV), pulmonary function, and body composition (BC) in young adult healthy women with normal BMI.

Methods
Forty female participants were assigned to either equipment-based Pilates group (PG), slow-controlled breathing exercise group (BG), equipment-based Pilates + breathing exercise group (PBG), and control groups (CG). Equipment-based Pilates exercise consists of training for two days a week and 50 min per day, and breathing exercises were done twice a week for 15 min a day for 8 weeks. In addition, PBG performed a 15-minute breathing exercise after each Pilates session. Pilates sessions were created with Reformer, Cadillac, Ladder Barrel, Chair Barrel, and Spine Corrector. On the other hand, breathing exercises were based on a controlled 5 s inhale and 5 s exhale cycles.

Results
Before and after the implementation, pulmonary function, HRV, and BC parameters were measured. The body weight and BMI improved in PG and PBG, and the percent body fat decreased only in PBG (p < 0.05). Both PG and PBG noted significant changes in HRV indices SDSD, SDNN, TP, HF, and LF. However, the RMSSD was recorded higher in only PBG. Similar changes were found in pulmonary parameters. The FVC, FEV1, VC, IC, TV, MVV, and VE im-proved in PBG. PG showed increases in VC and TV. The only changes found in BG were PEF and ERV.

Conclusions
The finding highlights the ample effect of combined breathing and Pilates exercise on HRV, pulmonary function and body composition which has important implications for health promotion.
Efficacy and safety of FDA-approved IDH inhibitors in the treatment of IDH mutated acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Xiu , Xing Hongyun , Xie Xiaolu , Kou Liqiu , Li Jun , Li Yaling 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of FDA-approved isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors in the treatment of IDH-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods
We used R software to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials of IDH inhibitors in the treatment of IDH-mutated AML published in PubMed, Embase, Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library and Web of Science from inception to November 15th, 2022.

Results
A total of 1109 IDH-mutated AML patients from 10 articles (11 cohorts) were included in our meta-analysis. The CR rate, ORR rate, 2-year survival (OS) rate and 2-year event-free survival (EFS) rate of newly diagnosed IDH-mutated AML (715 patients) were 47%, 65%, 45% and 29%, respectively. The CR rate, ORR rate, 2-year OS rate, median OS and median EFS of relapsed or refractory (R/R) IDH-mutated AML (394 patients) were 21%, 40%, 15%, 8.21 months and 4.73 months, respectively. Gastrointestinal adverse events were the most frequently occurring all-grade adverse events and hematologic adverse events were the most frequently occurring ≥ grade 3 adverse events.

Conclusion
IDH inhibitor is a promising treatment for R/R AML patients with IDH mutations. For patients with newly diagnosed IDH-mutated AML, IDH inhibitors may not be optimal therapeutic agents due to low CR rates. The safety of IDH inhibitors is controllable, but physicians should always pay attention to and manage the differentiation syndrome adverse events caused by IDH inhibitors. The above conclusions need more large samples and high-quality RCTs in the future to verify.