bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the judicial and legislative attitude to hearsay electronic data in South Africa
Authors: Mahmoud Rilwan 
Published: March 2023

This article analyses the judicial and legislative attitude in relation to electronically stored information presented as evidence in South Africa. The article also evaluates the adequacy of the regulation of admissibility and weight ascription to electronic information particularly the Electronic Communications and Transactions Act (ECTA) 2002. The paper suggests that electronically stored information might not sufficiently be analysed and assessed using the rules of documentary evidence and recommends some amendments including clearer definitions of electronic information which are statements, electronic information that is contained in documents, and electronic information that are created wholly by electronic algorithms and software.
Index words: South Africa; electronically stored information; admissibility; hearsay; Electronic Communications and Transactions Act 2002
Approximations of center manifolds for delay stochastic differential equations with additive noise
Authors: Wu Longyu , Gong Jiaxin , Yang Juan , Shu Ji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article deals with approximations of center manifolds for delay stochastic differential equations with additive noise. We first prove the existence and smoothness of random center manifolds for these approximation equations. Then we show that the

C

k

{C}^{k}

invariant center manifolds of the system with colored noise approximate that of the original system.
Risk factors and inflammatory markers in acute coronary syndrome-ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
Authors: Karthikeyan Thirumurthi , Raja Mani , Radha Devarajan , Gaur T Archana , Geetha Jeganathan , Sakthivadivel Varatharajan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease [CAD] poses worrying statistics. Atherosclerosis of coronary vessels is the main culprit for the spectrum of CAD especially acute coronary syndrome. Atherosclerosis is regarded as a consequence of inflammatory changes in the coronaries. Our study aimed to assess the role of risk factors and inflammatory markers with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI].

Methods
100 patients with ST-elevation Myocardial infarction [STEMI] and 100 age and sex matched controls were included in the study. A history of risk factors like smoking, hypertension, diabetes and hypertension was noted. A venous blood sample was obtained for analysis of inflammatory markers. The data thus obtained was statistically analyzed.

Results
The cases had a significant number of risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, previous history of CAD, increased body mass index [BMI], and raised high sensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]. Patients with anterior myocardial infarction were older and had hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Patients with inferior myocardial infarction had high BMI, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and alcoholism. Smokers, patients with diabetes mellitus, high total cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, and hs-CRP were more prone to complications.

Conclusions
Patients with a greater number of risk factors and raised inflammatory markers were at high risk of STEMI and its complications. An approach to control the modifiable risk factors like obesity and lifestyle changes can reduce the disease burden.
Adaptive Runge–Kutta regularization for a Cauchy problem of a modified Helmholtz equation
Authors: Jday Fadhel , Omri Haithem 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the Cauchy problem for the modified Helmholtz equation. We consider the data completion problem in a bounded cylindrical domain on which the Neumann and the Dirichlet conditions are given in a part of the boundary. Since this problem is ill-posed, we reformulate it as an optimal control problem with an appropriate cost function. The method of factorization of boundary value problems is used to immediately obtain an approximation of the missing boundary data. In order to regularize this problem, we firstly scrutinize two classical regularizations for the cost function. Then we propose a new numerical regularization named “adaptive Runge–Kutta regularization”, which does not require any penalization term. Finally, we compare them numerically.
COVID-19 in Mass Media: Manufacturing Mass Perceptions of the Virus among Older Adults
Authors: Pelletier Petra , Kanozia Rubal , Arya Ritu , Lefort Claire , McLaughlin Cécile , Boespflug Magali , Alain Sophie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
According to the latest The Global Risks Report (2022) of World Economic Forum, the large-scale coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) threat creates various tensions that might lead to unexpected cascading impacts in various domains. Nevertheless, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, about 120 nm in diameter, remains invisible to people whose cognition, emotions, and health-related behaviors are driven primarily by the subjective perception of the virus. Mass media communicating information, symbols, beliefs, and codes of conduct to the population contribute widely to the socially constructed representations of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus. Thus, the aim of the current research is to investigate the impacts of the common COVID-19 mass media image of the “ball with spikes” representing the SARS-CoV-2 virus on older adults particularly vulnerable to the COVID-19 coronavirus disease and fake news dissemination. This research is based on an innovative mixed-methods research design that combines questionnaires (N = 144), semi-structured research interviews, and pictographic measures (N = 26). The primary results demonstrate that individuals’ perceptions of and emotional reactions to the invisible SARS-CoV-2 virus are shaped by mass media exposure, as the “ball with spikes” became a familiar symbol of the COVID-19 virus, marked by the symbolism of dangerousness and mystery with a divisive aesthetic. The current research that aims to highlight the role of mass media as the vector of an icon image of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus provides additional elements that may contribute to improved crisis management effectiveness of future pandemic outbreaks.
Francis, France, the French. Was French culture in fact central to St. Francis of Assisi?
Authors: Gambino Francesca 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article explores Francis of Assisi’s relationship with France, starting with his name, and concluding that the importance of courtly culture for his personal development is generally overestimated in scholarship. In some hagiographic sources, it is indeed said that Francis used to praise God in French, but the contexts make it clear that this ability is instilled by the Holy Spirit and is therefore a glossolalic (‘divinely inspired speech’) phenomenon. Other references to French culture appear only in hagiographic legends, never in the writings of Francis, and are mainly attributable to the cultural climate of the period in which these later works were written.
Body Composition, Anthropometric Parameters, and Strength-Endurance Characteristics of Sport Climbers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ginszt Michał , Saito Mika , Zięba Estera , Majcher Piotr , Kikuchi Naoki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ginszt, M, Saito, M, Zięba, E, Majcher, P, and Kikuchi, N. Body composition, anthropometric parameters, and strength-endurance characteristics of sport climbers: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): 1339–1348, 2023—Sport climbing was selected to be part of the Summer Olympic Games in Tokyo 2021 with 3 subdisciplines: lead climbing, speed climbing, and bouldering. The nature of physical effort while speed climbing, lead climbing, and bouldering performance is different. This literature review aimed to describe differences between body composition, anthropometric parameters, and upper-limb strength-endurance variables between sport climbers with different ability levels and nonclimbers. The following databases were searched: PubMed and Scopus. The following keywords were used: “sport climbing,” “rock climbing,” “lead climbing,” and “bouldering.” Articles were considered from January 2000 to October 2021 if they concerned at least one of the following parameters: body composition (mass, body mass index, body fat, lean muscle mass, bone mineral density), anthropometric parameters (height, ape index), muscle strength (MVC finger strength in half-crimp grip, MVC finger strength to body mass, handgrip strength), and muscle endurance (force time integral, pull-ups). A review shows that body mass and body fat content were lower in the sport climbers compared with controls and in elite sport climbers compared with those less advanced. Sport climbers presented higher values of MVC finger strength in half-crimp grip, MVC finger strength to body mass, handgrip strength, and force time integral parameter than control subjects. Significantly higher MVC values in half-crimp grip were observed in elite sport climbers than in advanced athletes. None of the analyzed work showed differences between sport climber groups in the ape index. The abovementioned parameters may be a key factor in elite sport climbing performance.
Thiazides Attenuate Insulin Secretion Through Inhibition of Mitochondrial Carbonic Anhydrase 5b in β-Islet Cells in Mice
Authors: Kucharczyk Patrycja , Albano Giuseppe , Deisl Christine , Ho Tin Manh , Bargagli Matteo , Anderegg Manuel , Wueest Stephan , Konrad Daniel , Fuster Daniel G. 
Published: March 2023

Significance Statement
Thiazide diuretics (thiazides) are among the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide, but their use is associated with glucose intolerance and new-onset diabetes mellitus. The molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Our study reveals that thiazides attenuate insulin secretion through inhibition of the mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase isoform 5b (CA5b) in pancreatic β cells. We furthermore discovered that pancreatic β cells express only one functional carbonic anhydrase isoform, CA5b, which is critical in replenishing oxaloacetate in the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (anaplerosis). These findings explain the mechanism for thiazide-induced glucose intolerance and reveal a fundamental role of CA5b in TCA cycle anaplerosis and insulin secretion in β cells.

Background
Thiazide diuretics are associated with glucose intolerance and new-onset diabetes mellitus. Previous studies demonstrated that thiazides attenuate insulin secretion, but the molecular mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesized that thiazides attenuate insulin secretion via one of the known molecular thiazide targets in β cells.

Methods
We performed static insulin secretion experiments with islets of wild-type, Sodium/chloride co-transporter (NCC) (SLC12A3), and sodium-driven chloride/bicarbonate exchanger (NDCBE) (SLC4A8) knock-out (KO) mice and with murine Min6 cells with individual knockdown of carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms to identify the molecular target of thiazides in β cells. CA isoform 5b (CA5b) KO mice were then used to assess the role of the putative thiazide target CA5b in β-cell function and in mediating thiazide sensitivity in vitro and in vivo.

Results
Thiazides inhibited glucose- and sulfonylurea-stimulated insulin secretion in islets and Min6 cells at pharmacologically relevant concentrations. Inhibition of insulin secretion by thiazides was CO2/HCO3
−-dependent, not additive to unselective CA inhibition with acetazolamide, and independent of extracellular potassium. By contrast, insulin secretion was unaltered in islets of mice lacking the known molecular thiazide targets NCC or NDCBE. CA expression profiling with subsequent knockdown of individual CA isoforms suggested mitochondrial CA5b as a molecular target. In support of these findings, thiazides significantly attenuated Krebs cycle anaplerosis through reduction of mitochondrial oxaloacetate synthesis. CA5b KO mice were resistant to thiazide-induced glucose intolerance, and thiazides did not alter insulin secretion in CA5b KO islets.

Conclusions
Thiazides attenuate insulin secretion via inhibition of the mitochondrial CA5b isoform in β cells of mice.
Tendencias y dilemas del contexto actual hacia la construcción de una mirada prospectiva
Authors: LI Bonilla Federico , Coto Moya Luís Guillermo 
Published: March 2023

La sociedad contemporánea está experimentado cambios de múltiple variedad; la comprensión de diferentes fenómenos sociales, obliga a la construcción de nuevos referentes de conocimiento, que ayuden a descifrar la dimensión, alcance y profundidad de los cambios sociales.
Para el estudio riguroso de los fenómenos sociales, se requiere de la búsqueda y construcción de nuevas bases conceptuales y metodológicas, así como de la observación aguda y crítica por parte de los científicos de la práctica social, que permita la generación de nuevas fuentes de conocimiento.
En este ámbito toma importancia evaluar el rol de un actor estratégico en la sociedad contemporánea; el cooperativismo representa un sector socioempresarial con presencia de casi un siglo de historia contemporánea, en la mayoría de los países de América Latina.
Una de las áreas, entre otras, que viene experimentando cambios importantes en el nuevo contexto, es lo referido al mundo de las organizaciones; desde una concepción en sus inicios, de carácter “bipolar”, que definía las empresas como públicas y privadas, hasta una nueva realidad, donde aparecen nuevas organizaciones que deambulan entre lo público y lo privado, entre lo social y lo particular, entre la propiedad pública y la propiedad privada, entre la democracia participativa y representativa, entre los intereses privados y los intereses colectivos.
Es en este marco que aparecen las organizaciones de la economía social solidaria, un concepto que resulta tan amplio como discreto, concreto y algunas veces difuso, con identidades, naturaleza y límites poco conocidos, donde proliferan una diversa gama de valoraciones y apreciaciones sobre su naturaleza, así como de la contribución de éstas a la sociedad.
Fault Roughness at Seismogenic Depths and Links to Earthquake Behavior
Authors: Cochran Elizabeth S. , Page Morgan T. , van der Elst Nicholas J. , Ross Zachary E. , Trugman Daniel T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFault geometry affects the initiation, propagation, and cessation of earthquake rupture, as well as, potentially, the statistical behavior of earthquake sequences. We analyze 18,250 (−0.27 &lt; M &lt; 4.4) earthquakes of the 2016–2019 Cahuilla, California, swarm and, for the first time, use these high-resolution earthquake locations to map, in detail, the roughness across an active fault surface at depth. We find that the strike-slip fault is 50% rougher in the slip-perpendicular direction than parallel to slip. 3D mapping of fault roughness at seismogenic depths suggests that roughness varies by a factor of 8 for length scales of 1 km. We observe that the largest earthquake (M 4.4) occurred where there is significant fault complexity and the highest measured roughness. We also find that b-values are weakly positively correlated with fault roughness. Following the largest earthquake, we observe a distinct population of earthquakes with comparatively low b-values occurring in an area of high roughness within the rupture area of the M 4.4 earthquake. Finally, we measure roughness at multiple scales and find that the fault is self-affine with a Hurst exponent of 0.52, consistent with a Brownian surface.
Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia, Organoleptik dan Mikrobiologis Jruek Drien (Durian Fermentasi Khas Aceh)
Authors: Murlida Eva , Wilfida Cut Wirna , Asmawati Asmawati 
Published: March 2023

Durian is a horticultural product that is easily damaged so it needs to be processed into other products. One of them can be processed into jruek drien. Jruek drien is one of the efforts made to extend the shelf life by means of fermentation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and duration of storage time on the physicochemical, microbiological and organoleptic on jruek drien characteristic. This study used a factorial randomized block design with two factors, namely the storage temperature with two level (room temperature and refrigerator temperature) and storage time with three levels (3, 6, 9 days) with 3 replicatons. The average value of each parameter is pH 4,1, total acid 1,26%, total lactic acid bacteria 7,14 log CFU/g and organoleptic values of color, aroma, taste and texture are 3.24 (neutral), 2.71 (neutral), 2.63 (neutral), 3.08 (neutral) respectively. Temperature and storage time and their interaction greatly affect the pH and total acid in the juicer. Temperature significantly affected the total lactic acid bacteria and organolepti test of color and aroma. The best result in making jruek drien is refrigerator temperature storage with six days of storage.
Hubungan Persentase Stroma, Epitel, dan Lumen Prostat terhadap Kejadian Retensi Urine pada Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Sitompul Brian Hansen Efraim , Sutapa Hendra , Oktaviyanti Ika Kustiyah , Rahman Eka Yudha , Yuliana Ida 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of prostate gland caused by hyperplasia of prostate cells. There are several studies about BPH from histopathological aspect, but none has discussed about the relation with incidence of urinary retension which is a symptoms of worsening BPH. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relation of percentage of stroma, epithelium, and lumen to incidence of urinary retention in BPH at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin in 2018-2019. The studies collected 78 samples.The result showed 47 patients with urinary retention and 31 patients without urinary retention (LUTS). The mean percentages of stroma, epithelium, and lumen in the urinary retention group is 62.3 ± 10%, 18 ± 6%, and 19 ± 7% , while those in the LUTS group is 63,6 ± 13%, 14 ± 7%, and 22 ± 10%. Analysis result used unpaired t test showed no significant difference between percentage of stroma (p = 0.636), epithelium (p = 0.11), and lumen (p = 0.183) to incidence of urinary retention in BPH. This may be due to several factors in which the researcher did not pay attention to when taking samples. Keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia, percentage of epithelium, percentage of lumen, percentage of stroma, urinary retention Abstrak: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) merupakan penyakit pembesaran kelenjar prostat yang disebabkan oleh hiperplasia sel-sel prostat. Terdapat beberapa penelitian yang meneliti BPH dari aspek histopatologi berupa stroma, epitel, dan lumen, tetapi belum ada penelitian yang mengkaitkan histopatologi BPH dengan kejadian retensi urine yang merupakan gejala bertambah parahnya BPH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan persentase stroma, epitel, dan lumen dengan kejadian retensi urine pada BPH di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin periode 2018-2019. Terdapat 78 sampel pada penelitian ini. Didapatkan sebanyak 47 pasien (60,25%) retensi urine dan 31 pasien (39,75%) non retensi urine/LUTS. Rata-rata persentase stroma, epitel, dan lumen pada kelompok retensi urine adalah 62,3 ± 10%, 18 ± 6%, dan 19 ± 7%, sedangkan dari kelompok LUTS adalah 63,6 ± 13%, 14 ± 7%, dan 22 ± 10%. Hasil analisis menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara persentase stroma (p = 0,636), epitel (P = 0,11), dan lumen (P = 0,183) terhadap kejadian retensi urin pada BPH. Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yang tidak diperhatikan peneliti saat mengambil sampel. Kata-kata kunci: benign prostatic hyperplasia, persentase epitel, persentase lumen, persentase stroma, retensi urine
MORPHOMETRY ANALYSIS OF SILAT SUB-WATERSHED BASED ON GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE SILAT HULU SUB DISTRICT
Authors: Ramdhania Nurul , Rianingsih Ayu , Nurfitri Holifah , Purwanto Ajun , Andrasmoro Dony , Eviliyanto Eviliyanto , Francista Francista , Rentia Florensia 
Published: March 2023

<p>This study aims to obtain morphometric data from the Silat sub-watershed. The method used is a survey and interpretation of secondary data. Secondary data is taken from Remote Sensing Images, Topographic Maps, and Administration maps. The morphometric data taken were the area, shape, circumstance, river length, river order, height, and drainage density. Data analysis using the Spatial Analyst Tool, namely Hydrology, Map Algebra, and Density tools from ArcGis 10.8. Based on the research results, it is known that the Silat watershed has an area of 466 km², a circumference of 147 km, and a river length of 51 km. The shape of the Silat watershed is elongated because the Circularity Ratio value is 0.27 (&lt;0.5), and the Elongation Ratio value is 5.14 (round). The order of the river network is up to order 6, with a branching index (Rb) of order 1 = 2.03; 2nd order = 2.09; 3rd order = 1.75; 4th order = 1.84; and 5th order = 0.96. The Weighted Average Branching Index (WRb) was 2.73 (&lt;3). The Silat sub-watershed has a height of 32 - 255 meters above sea level. Low river density, dendritic river flow pattern. <em></em></p>
Enchantment of performance spoofing attacks in sushisen algorithm wireless networks
Authors: P Senthil , M SUGANYA , Inakshi SS 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Underwater wireless sensor networks (WSN) can be used for a variety of applications. High propagation delay, limited bandwidth, 3D deployment, and lack of power are some of the challenges faced UWSN. An adversary with low communication depth prevents nearby relay nodes from perforating the path. In this paper, proposed dropped packet ratio (DPR) can effectively prevent depth spoofing attacks by ensuring that an ineligible node is likely to be triggered and removed. After the new node is again sent delivery speeds is increase sensitive to power decrease under conventional conditions. Compared with the related protocol, the proposed new sushisen protocol achieves higher energy, capacity, and scalability.
Acetalization of β-citronellal over a renewable carbon catalyst obtained from bio-oil sulfonation: a green route to obtain valuable feedstocks
Authors: Silva Marcio Jose da , Lopes Neide Paloma Gonçalves , Ballotin Fabiane Carvalho , Teixeira Ana Paula de Carvalho , Lago Rochel Montero 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, an efficient renewable carbon catalyst obtained by sulfonation of bio-oil was used for the first time to produce terpene acetals by condensation of β-citronellal with alkyl alcohols (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl) at room temperature. The catalyst was obtained by a simple bio-oil reaction with sulfuric acid at 393 K for different times (15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 240 min). Potentiometric titrations and FT-IR analyses showed the formation of very strong acid sites, likely -SO3H, with surface concentrations reaching 0.35 and 0.50 mmol/ gcatal, for the catalyst obtained with reactions 120 and 240 min. These catalysts were used in the β-citronellal condensation with alkyl alcohols to acetals with conversion and selectivity higher than 0 %, at room temperature using 3.96 wt.% catalyst, and 2 h reaction. The effects of temperature, time, different alcohols, and catalyst load were evaluated. The catalyst can be recovered and reused four times without significant activity loss.