bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated risk factors of worm infestation in Sahiwal calves kept under different management conditions in Faisalabad Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Hafiz Qadeer , Shahzad Adil , Farooq Umar , Ahmad Ghayyoor , Yaqoob Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDairy business depends upon calf progeny and successful calf rearing is vital for livestock production and sustainability. Early life of calves is challenging and demands good husbandry practices. In dairy farming, male calves are usually reared for beef production and ignored as compared to female calves. Worm infestation is major threat in early life for survival in calves. The current study was designed to find out risk factors (age, sex and husbandry practices) responsible for worm infestation in Sahiwal calves. Sahiwal calves were selected from different farms in Faisalabad for this study. With the help of pretested & well validated questionnaire, information regarding age, sex, drinking water, mangers, water troughs condition, animal bedding, condition of floor, housing, feeding, skin condition, belly condition, history regarding diarrhea, pica, teeth grinding, hydration status and deworming were collected. Using McMaster technique, fecal samples were examined for number of eggs per gram (EPG). It was observed that age had significant effect on worm infestation while sex had non-significant effect. Mud floor, grazing, unclean mangers and water troughs, cracks and crevices in walls, dung heaps were the associated risk factors of worm infestation.
Multi-filamentary switching of Cu/SiOx memristive devices with a Ge-implanted a-Si under-layer for analog synaptic devices
Authors: Kim Inho , Kim Keonhee , Gwang Jae , Hu Su Man , Jeong YeonJoo , Kim Jaewook , Lee Suyoun , Kwak Joon Young , Park Jongkil , Hwang Gyu Weon , Lee Kyeong-Seok , Park Seongsik , Lee Wook-Seong , Ju Byeong-Kwon , Park Jong-Keuk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Various memristive devices have been proposed for use in neuromorphic computing systems as artificial synapses. The analog synaptic devices with linear conductance updates during training are essential to train neural networks efficiently. Although many different analog memristors have been proposed, a more reliable approach to implement the analog synaptic devices are required. In this study, we propose the memristor of a Cu/SiOx/implanted a-SiGex/p++ c-Si structure containing a-Si layer with properly controlled conductance through Ge implantation. The a-SiGex layer plays a multi-functional role in the device operation by limiting current overshoot, confining heat generated during operation and preventing silicide formation reaction between active metal (Cu) and the Si bottom electrode. Thus, the a-SiGex interface layer enables the formation of multi-weak filaments and in turn induce analog switching behaviors. The TEM observation reveals the insertion of the a-SiGex layer between SiOx and c-Si suppresses remarkably the formation of copper silicide, and the reliable set/reset operations were secured. The origin of the analog switching behaviors was discussed by analyzing current-voltage characteristics and electron microscopy images. Lastly, the memristive-neural network simulations showed that the memristive devices developed in this study provide a high learning accuracy and be promising in future neuromorphic computing hardware.
Cost-utility analysis of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD), targeted synthetic DMARD (tsDMARD) and biosimilar DMARD (bsDMARD) combined with methotrexate for Thai rheumatoid arthritis patients with high disease activity
Authors: Prawjaeng Juthamas , Leelahavarong Pattara , Budtarad Nuttakarn , Pilasant Songyot , Chanjam Chonticha , Katchamart Wanruchada , Narongroeknawin Pongthorn , Kitumnuaypong Tasanee 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUND New biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) as well as their biosimilars (bsDMARD) and targeted synthetic DMARD (tsDMARD) showed greater clinical benefits in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with high disease activity, but imposed higher costs than standard treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of 11 alternative treatment strategies for patients with rheumatoid arthritis with high disease activity with failure of treatment with three conventional DMARD (csDMARD). METHODS A Markov model was constructed using a societal perspective to estimate relevant costs and health outcomes in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALY) for a lifetime horizon with discounted 3% per year. Alternative treatment strategies including five bDMARD, two targeted tsDMARD, and four bsDMARD in combination with methotrexate (MTX) were compared with standard of care (SoC), i.e., Azathioprine and Cyclosporin. Direct and non-medical care costs were estimated by identifying the resources used and multiplied by the standard costing menu in the year 2022. Utility and transitional probability were collected in three advanced tertiary hospitals. A network meta-analysis was used to estimate the efficacy of each treatment. Lifetime cost, QALYs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio were calculated compared to the cost-effectiveness threshold of 160,000 THB per QALY gained (4,634 USD). Probabilistic and one-way sensitivity analyses were performed to estimate parameter uncertainties. RESULTS The bDMARD/bsDMARD or tsDMARD combined with MTX provided 0.09 to 0.33 QALY gained with additional costs of 550,986 to 2,096,744 THB compared to SoC. Compared to SoC, the ICER ranged from 2.3 to 8.1 million THB/QALY, and none of these combinations was cost-effective in the Thai context. The results were sensitive to the mortality hazard ratio of patients with high disease activity. CONCLUSIONS The combination of MTX and bDMARD or tsDMARD or bsDMARD was not economically attractive compared to their current practice at the current price. However, they reduced disease activity and improved patient quality of life. The price negotiation process must be conducted to ensure its value for money and financial affordability if included in the pharmaceutical reimbursement list.
Effect of desflurane and sevoflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction： A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Luo Mingbo , Chen Jie , Chen Yue , You Zhijian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD).

Methods

Randomized controlled trials (RCTS) investigating the application of desflurane and sevoflurane in the maintenance of POCD in patients under general anesthesia were retrieved through a computer search on the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang Database and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) for studies published until October 2022. The identified literature were analyzed using the Revman5.3 system evaluation software.

Results

A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria, which comprised 966 patients, including 483 in the desflurane group and 483 in the sevoflurane group. It was observed that the score of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) decreased preoperative (SMD = 0.00, 95%CI = -0.14-0.15), 1h after surgery (SMD = 1.78, 95%CI = 0.68–2.88), and 3h after surgery (SMD = 0.46, 95%CI = 0.09 ~ 0.82), 6h after surgery (SMD = 1.11, 95%CI =-0.15 ~ 2.37), and 24h after surgery (SMD = 0.16, 95%CI =-0.01 ~ 0.30), and eye opening time (SMD = -3.30, 95%CI = -4.65-1.96) and extubation time (SMD = -3.54, 95%CI = -5.44-1.63) in desflurane group were shorter compared with values in the sevoflurane group.

Conclusions

Desflurane results in shorter eye opening and extubation times compared with sevoflurane when used as the maintenance therapy of general anesthesia with inhalation anesthetics. Both anesthetics may lead to a reduction in cognitive function among surgical patients, and this is particularly higher the sevoflurane than for desflurane treatment.
Registration number:CRD42023390692.
Personality traits and emotional states in emergency and elective orthopedic surgery patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hozhabrossadati Seyyed Amin , Poursharif Maryam , Daliri Mahla , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad-H , Moradi Ali 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Personality trait and emotional state may associate with high-risk trauma exposure and subsequently higher rate of emergency admission.

Questions/Purposes:

This study aimed at comparing emergency and elective orthopedic surgery patients in terms of 1. personality traits and 2. emotional states (anxiety, depression, and stress) intensity.

Method

This analytic cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Patients with orthopedic surgical conditions were included and allocated into two groups, emergency and elective, each including 100 patients. Personality traits were examined by Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and emotional states intensity were measured using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale − 21 Items (DASS-21) questionnaire. NEO-FFI and DASS-21 scores were compared between the two groups.

Results

Based on our findings, the average score of neuroticism in the emergency group (16.03 ± 9.62) was significantly higher than the elective group (7.74 ± 3.41) (P < 0.001). Additionally, the levels of depression (11.97 ± 6 vs. 9.75 ± 6.62) and stress (12.71 ± 5.13 vs. 10.81 ± 5.03) were significantly higher in the emergency group (P = 0.002 and 0.016, respectively).

Conclusion

Among patients indicating emergency orthopedic surgery, neuroticism personality and the level of depression and stress is significantly higher than in patients scheduled for elective surgery. This study provides insight into considering different care measures for emergency patients in accordance with their personality character and emotional distress.
Level of Evidence: level III
GlobalUsefulNativeTrees, a database of 14,014 tree species, supports synergies between biodiversity recovery and local livelihoods in restoration
Authors: Kindt Roeland , Graudal Lars , Lillesø Jens-Peter , Pedercini Fabio , Smith Paul , Jamnadass Ramni 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Tree planting has the potential to improve the livelihoods of millions of people as well as to support environmental services such as biodiversity preservation. Planting however needs to be executed wisely if benefits are to be achieved. We have developed the GlobalUsefulNativeTrees (GlobUNT) database to directly support the principles advocated by the ‘golden rules for reforestation’, including planting tree mixtures that maximize the benefits to local livelihoods and the diversity of native trees. Developed primarily by combining data from GlobalTreeSearch with the World Checklist of Useful Plant Species (WCUPS), GlobUNT includes 14,014 tree species that can be filtered for ten major use categories, across 242 countries and territories. The 14,014 species represent roughly a quarter of the tree species from GlobalTreeSearch and a third of the plant species from WCUPS. In a subcontinental comparison GlobUNT revealed that Malesia had the highest useful tree species richness (3,349) and was also richest for materials (2,723), medicines (1,533), human food (958), fuel (734), environmental uses (632), social uses (614), animal food (443), poisons (322) and invertebrate food (266).
Foot health and quality of life in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study. Working towards a holistic care approach.
Authors: Veiga-Seijo Raquel , Pertega-Diaz Sonia , Perez-Lopez Maria Eva , Calvo-Martinez Lourdes , Novoa Silvia Antolin , Gonzalez-Martin Cristina 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background. Chemotherapy is one of the most widely used therapies for breast cancer, triggering important repercussions on people’s quality of life. However, little research has been undertaken about podiatric adverse effects. This study aimed was to determine the prevalence of podiatric pathology developed in people with breast cancer who receive chemotherapy.
Methods. Observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted in the Oncology service of the A Coruña University Hospital (northwest Spain). People with breast cancer and undergoing chemotherapy treatment of legal age (≥18), who signed the informed consent (n=117) were included. Sociodemographic, comorbidity, disease and foot health variables, as well as two self-administered questionnaires (Foot Health Status Questionnaire and Foot Function Index) were studied. The current ethical-legal aspects were followed.
Results. Foot health problems were highly prevalent, highlighting nail color changes (60.3%), onychocryptosis (39.7%), xerosis (62.1%), plantar fasciitis (12.9%), and neuropathic symptoms (75.2%). Some foot pain was presented in 77.8% of the sample, predominantly at nail level (15.4%) or sole of the foot and nail (14.5%). Most participants described their foot health as fair or poor (56.4%) and felt limited in walking (65.8%). The lowest score for the Foot Health Status Questionnaire was footwear (32.5±42.1).
Conclusions. Foot health adverse effects represent worrisome problems in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, due to their high prevalence and negative implications on quality of life. These problems are critical as they may have implications for stopping or reducing chemotherapy. All these results call for the development of more research to contribute to the care and wellbeing of people with cancer who receive treatments such as chemotherapy. Thus, this line of research is a new path to be developed by the podiatry community.
Prediction of the penetration radius of cumulative blasting
Authors: Jia Jinzhang , Wu Yumo , Zhao Dan , Li Bin , Wang Dongming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To improve the efficiency of coal seam gas extraction, determine the influence characteristics of different factors on the penetration effect of cumulative blasting, and effectively predict the hole spacing, in this work, we used ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerical simulation software to establish the penetration model of cumulative blasting. Combined with an orthogonal design scheme, the crack radius prediction of cumulative blasting was studied. The results showed that the primary and secondary order of factors that affected the fracture radius of cumulative blasting was as follows: ground stress > gas pressure > coal firmness coefficient. The penetration effect decreased with increasing ground stress and decreased with an increase in the gas pressure and coal firmness coefficient. According to the pressure index method, an industrial field test was carried out. The gas extraction concentration increased by 73.4% after cumulative blasting, and the effective crack radius of cumulative blasting was approximately 5.5–6 m. The maximum error of the industrial field test was 6.22%, which proved that the crack radius prediction model of cumulative blasting was correct.
The value of forest restoration for habitat occupancy of a Mediterranean carnivore community
Authors: Benayas José M. Rey , García-González Jorge , Hernández-Hernández Javier , Martín-García Sara , Virgós Emilio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Considerable amounts of farmland in Mediterranean European landscapes have been abandoned and undergone natural regeneration or planted with trees in the last few decades, resulting in mixed forest and farmland mosaics. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of forest restoration on the composition and relative abundance of a carnivore community in the mixed farmland-forest landscape of Campo de Montiel (central Spain). We predicted that forest restoration, either natural regeneration following land abandonment or by tree planting, resulted in a new heterogenous landscape that supports a diverse carnivore community; consequently, we used two reference sites with non-planted Mediterranean trees. We assessed (1) the structure of woody vegetation, (2) the occurrence and relative abundance of carnivores, and (3) the environmental factors that explain carnivore occupancy patterns controlling for differences in detectability. Tree planting led to lower diversity of woody species than that found in the naturally regenerated forests. Woody vegetation cover in the reforested plots and in the natural vegetation plots did not differ significantly. The carnivores detected were, in decreasing order of abundance, red fox, Egyptian mongoose, badger, stone marten, and wildcat, which were also present at the reference sites except the mongoose. We did not detect differences in community composition and relative abundance between the reforested site and the two reference sites. We also found similar patterns of species detectability among sites. Overall, the results revealed that reforestation can provide new habitats for carnivores in previous agricultural land and can be a useful tool for rewilding initiatives.
Dimensionality reduction for Images of IoT using Machine Learning
Authors: Ali Ibrahim , Bayomi Hanaa , Wassif Khaled 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Sensors, wearables, mobiles, and other Internet of Things (IoT) devices are becoming increasingly integrated into all aspects of our lives. They are capable of gathering enormous amounts of data (for example, image data) which can then be sent to the cloud for processing. However, this results in an increase in network traffic and latencies. In order to overcome these difficulties, edge computing has been proposed as a paradigm for computing that brings processing closer to the location where data is produced. This paper includes merging cloud and edge computing for IoT and investigates approaches using machine learning for dimensionality reduction of images on the edge, using the Autoencoder deep learning-based approach and Principal component analysis (PCA). Then the encoded data is sent to the cloud server, where it is used directly for any machine learning task without having a significant impact on the accuracy of the data processed on the cloud. The proposed approach has been evaluated on an object detection task using a set of 4,000 images randomly chosen from three datasets: COCO, human detection, and HDA datasets. Results show that 77% of data reduction did not have a significant impact on the object detection task accuracy.
Perceived risk of LSD use in the United States from 2015-2019: Are Americans more realistically assessing LSD’s risks?
Authors: Barnett Brian S. , Anand Akhil , Dewey Elizabeth N. , Smith Darron , Nayak Sandeep M. , Weleff Jeremy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Most Americans perceive lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to be a high-risk drug, despite infrequent serious adverse events associated with its use. Though LSD use is rising in the United States, little is known about whether perceived risk of LSD (prLSD) is changing or factors influencing prLSD. Using National Survey on Drug Use and Health data from 2015–2019, we investigated correlates of and temporal trends in prLSD. On multivariable modeling for respondents 18 years of age and older, lower prLSD was associated with, among other factors, later survey year, personal LSD use, younger age, higher education level, male gender, identifying as a sexual minority, having less self-influential religious beliefs, and past year psychological distress. Higher prLSD was associated with identifying as Black or Hispanic, past year suicide attempt, and having children in the home. From 2015–2019, there was a statistically significant linear decreasing trend in proportion of respondents who perceived “great” risk in trying LSD [from 70.5–64.8%; (p < 0.0001)]. Our findings regarding prLSD and race/ethnicity could have important implications for acceptability of psychedelic therapy by Black and Hispanic patients. While we observed multiple important differences in prLSD among subgroups, overall prLSD amongst Americans may be falling to a level more accurately reflecting LSD’s actual risk profile.
Germline pathogenic variants in metaplastic breast cancer patients: a monocentric study and literature review
Authors: Corso Giovanni , Marabelli Monica , Calvello Mariarosaria , Risti Matilde , Feroce Irene , Mannucci Sara , Girardi Antonia , De Scalzi Alessandra , Magnoni Francesca , Marino Elena , Bernard Loris , Veronesi Paolo , Rocco Elena Guerini , Barberis Massimo , Guerrieri-Gonzaga Aliana , Bonanni Bernardo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare, aggressive type of breast cancer, often classified as triple negative (TN). Scarce information is available about germline testing in MpBC. We retrospectively reviewed MpBC patients counseled at our Institute and found to harbor germline pathogenic variants (PVs), and we revised literature data. We identified a germline PV in 15 MpBC patients: 13 in BRCA1 (86.7%), one in TP53 (6.7%), one in MLH1 (6.7%) genes. Eight MpBC PV carriers in BRCA1 have been previously described, including a patient with a PV in both BRCA1 and TP53. MpBC histological subtype in PV carriers was heterogeneous. All MpBCs were TN but 13.3% in our series showed HER2 overexpression.
We described the largest series of MpBCs with germline PVs. As previously reported, we observed that BRCA1 is the mainly involved gene in MpBC patients who underwent germline testing according to specific selection criteria. Additional studies on unselected patients are required to assess the authentic role of germline BRCA1 PVs in MpBCs and to explore the possible involvement of other genes in MpBC predisposition. Unraveling a specific MpBC molecular landscape is a starting point for the definition of new therapeutic strategies, since these tumors have a poor prognosis.
Investigating the Effect of Solvent Composition on Ink Structure and Crack Formation in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers
Authors: Woo Seong Hyeon , Kim Sungmin , Woo Seunghee , Park Seok-Hee , Kang Yun Sik , Jung Namgee , Yim Sung-Dae 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To improve the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), controlling the microstructure of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) catalyst layer is crucial. The ink design, which includes a catalyst, an ionomer, and a solvent, serves as the starting point for controlling the microstructure of the catalyst layer. However, there is a significant lack of understanding of the ink structure required for this purpose. In this study, we investigate the effect of the solvent, a key component that determines the ink structure. The ink comprises 20 wt% Pt/C, short-side-chain (SSC) Aquivion ionomer, and a solvent mixture of 1-propanol (NPA) and water. Three types of inks with different compositions of NPA and water are manufactured, and their stability and rheological properties are measured to infer and compare the ink structures. Furthermore, the crack characteristics of the catalyst layer are compared by directly coating the ink onto the electrolyte membrane using the doctor-blade method. In the ink with a high water content, we observed a gel-like elastic behavior dominated by network structures formed by ionomers adsorbed between catalyst particles. In contrast, the ink with a high NPA content exhibited a liquid-like viscous behavior dominated by well-dispersed catalyst particles and ionomers. These properties of the inks directly influenced the crack formation characteristics after coating. Specifically, the strong liquid properties of the NPA-rich ink were found to suppress crack formation in the catalyst layer. These findings provide important insights into how the solvent composition affects ink structure and how it, in turn, influences crack formation in the catalyst layer, which can help optimize the ink design to improve the performance of PEMFCs.