bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of UAVs System in THz-Band Communications under Different Fading Channels
Authors: Karabulut Muhammet Ali 
Published: March 2023

<p> Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are safer than manned vehicle and raise the interest to researchers for their huge applications in 5G and upcoming 6G. In 6G, terahertz (THz)-band communications can be used for fast communication. In this paper, the THz wireless communication between UAVs is considered. The performance of UAVs communications in the THz networks is analyzed under different fading channels which are major influence factors in the THz communication channel modeling. It is crucial to assess the performance of wireless devices taking into account their structure, wireless channel parameters, and transmission characteristics. Log-normal Fading, Weibull Fading Channel, Nakagami-m Fading Channel, Rician Fading Channel and Rayleigh Fading Channel are taken into account. Performance influencing parameters are considered and analytical expressions concerning capacity, outage probability, and bit error rate (BER) are obtained. Numerical results are presented which verify the analytical analysis. </p>
ANALISIS KESULITAN GURU PAUD DALAM MENILAI ASPEK-ASPEK PERKEMBANGAN AUD DI KECAMATAN LANGKE REMBONG
Authors: Fransiskus De Gomes  
Published: March 2023

Penilaian terhadap aspek-aspek perkembangan anak usia dini acapkali dirasakan sulit oleh guru sebab mencakup banyak aspek yang bersifat abstrak. Hal ini dirasakan oleh guru PAUD di Kecamatan Langke Rembong. Penelitian ini bertujuan: pertama, mendeskripsikan faktor penyebab kesulitan guru PAUD di Kecamatan Langke Rembong dalam melakukan penilaian terhadap perkembangan AUD; kedua, mendekripsikan jenis kesulitan guru PAUD di Kecamatan Langke Rembong dalam melakukan penilaian terhadap perkembangan AUD. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian adalah para guru PAUD di Kecamatan Langke Rembong. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, angket, dan studi dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan teknik Model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab kesulitan guru dalam menilai perkembangan anak usia dini adalah minimnya kompetensi mereka. Guru tidak memahami prinsip dan prosedur penilaian secara komprehensif. Ada empat jenis kesulitan guru dalam menilai aspek-aspek perkembangan anak usia dini. Pertama, guru belum mampu membuat perencanaan penilaian perkembangan anak usia dini secara tepat dan benar. Kedua, guru belum mampu merekam atau mengumpulkan data perkembangan anak secara komprehensif. Ketiga, pengolahan data dan pengukuran penilaian tidak dilakukan secara berkesinambungan dan tidak didasarkan pada data yang lengkap. Keempat, pelaporan hasil penilaian perkembangan anak usia dini dibuat dalam bentuk deskripsi namun sulit memahami tren perkembangan anak dari waktu ke waktu.
Evaluation of the economic efficacy of vaccination against pertussis based on real-world data
Authors: Svetlichnaya S. V. , Elagina L. A. , Popovich L. D. 
Published: March 2023

Mass vaccination against pertussis in our country has decreased the frequency of this infection. The lack of the total vaccination in children in 80-90 yy XX c led to the growth of morbidity in the current moment. Return in active vaccination / revaccination of population against pertussis is a demand of the time. Economic aspects of this kind approach to the social health care are required for an evaluation based on RWD.Materials and methods: Calculation of the macroeconomic effects of vaccination against pertussis has been performed with Far East Federal Region (FEFR) example for buster in children 6-7 y. o. based on RWD and prognosis of morbidity annually. A unique model of the epidemiology of pertussis in FEFR has been created with RWD statistics and the Global burden of diseases project usage. The size of the virtual cohort of children 6-7 y. o. was established as 100 thousand. It has been assumed that 95 % from this cohort will receive buster of the tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine, combined, adsorbed (INN) with its efficacy and cost consideration. The monetary equivalent of the epidemiologic benefit due to disease prevention in the vaccinated children with regional GDP per capita has been calculated.Results: The total summarized benefit due to illness prevention after buster in children in FEFR could be as 21,15 mln RUR annually, and due to mortality reduction in the life years expectation horizon — of 50,45 mln RUR. The total economic profit of the buster revaccination against pertussis in children 6-7 y. o. with its influence on morbidity in children of younger age groups can lead to 198,69 bln RUR during the 7-year horizon of vaccine efficacy.Conclusion: RWD is a base for modeling and potential prognosis of epidemiological process and results of this job are proved the economic necessity for buster vaccination against pertussis in children 6-7 y. o. in the Russian Federation.
Estimation of the Full-sky Power Spectrum between Intermediate and Large Angular Scales from Partial-sky CMB Anisotropies Using an Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Pal Srikanta , Chanda Pallav , Saha Rajib 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Reliable extraction of cosmological information from observed cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps may require removal of strongly foreground-contaminated regions from the analysis. In this paper, we employ an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the full-sky CMB angular power spectrum between intermediate and large angular scales from the partial-sky spectrum obtained from a masked CMB temperature anisotropy map. We use a simple ANN architecture with one hidden layer containing 895 neurons. Using 1.2 × 105 training samples of full-sky and corresponding partial-sky CMB angular power spectra at HEALPix pixel resolution parameter N
side = 256, we show that the spectrum predicted by our ANN agrees well with the target spectrum at each realization for the multipole range 2 ≤ l ≤ 512. The predicted spectra are statistically unbiased, and they preserve the cosmic variance accurately. Statistically, the differences between the mean predicted and underlying theoretical spectra are within approximately 3σ. Moreover, the probability densities obtained from predicted angular power spectra agree very well with those obtained from “actual” full-sky CMB angular power spectra for each multipole. Interestingly, our work shows that the significant correlations in input cut-sky spectra due to mode–mode coupling introduced on the partial sky are effectively removed, since the ANN learns the hidden pattern between the partial- and full-sky spectra preserving all of the statistical properties. The excellent agreement of statistical properties between the predicted and the ground truth demonstrates the importance of using artificial intelligence systems in cosmological analysis more widely.
The Oceanus Moving Group: A New 500 Myr Old Host for the Nearest Brown Dwarf
Authors: Gagné Jonathan , Moranta Leslie , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Kiman Rocio , Couture Dominic , Larochelle Arnaud René , Popinchalk Mark , Morrone Daniella 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We report the discovery of the Oceanus moving group, a ≈500 Myr old group with 50 members and candidate members at distances 2–50 pc from the Sun, using an unsupervised clustering analysis of nearby stars with Gaia DR3 data. This new moving group includes the nearest brown dwarf WISE J104915.57–531906.1 AB (Luhman 16 AB) at a distance of 2 pc, which was previously suspected to be young (600–800 Myr) based on a comparison of its dynamical mass measurements with brown dwarf evolutionary models. We use empirical color–magnitude sequences, stellar activity, and gyrochronology to determine that this new group is roughly coeval with the Coma Ber open cluster, with an isochronal age of 510 ± 95 Myr. This newly discovered group will be useful to refine the age and chemical composition of Luhman 16 AB, which is already one of the best substellar benchmarks known to date. Furthermore, the Oceanus moving group is one of the nearest young moving groups identified to date, making it a valuable laboratory for the study of exoplanets and substellar members, with eight brown dwarf candidate members already identified here.
A Superflare on YZ Canis Minoris Observed by the Seimei Telescope and TESS: Red Asymmetry of Hα Emission Associated with White-light Emission
Authors: Namizaki Keiichi , Namekata Kosuke , Maehara Hiroyuki , Notsu Yuta , Honda Satoshi , Nogami Daisaku , Shibata Kazunari 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Active M-type stars are known to often produce superflares on the surface. Radiation from stellar (super)flares is important for exoplanet habitability, but the mechanisms are not well understood. In this paper, we report simultaneous optical spectroscopic and photometric observations of a stellar superflare on an active M dwarf, YZ Canis Minoris, with the 3.8 m Seimei telescope and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. The flare bolometric energy is

1.3

−
0.6

+
1.6

×

10

34

erg

and the Hα energy is

3.0

−
0.1

+
0.1

×

10

32

erg

. The Hα emission line profile shows red asymmetry throughout the flare, with a duration of 4.6–5.1 hr. The velocity of the red asymmetry is ∼200–500 km s–1 and the line width of Hα broadens up to 34 ± 14 Å. The redshifted velocity and line width of Hα line decay more rapidly than the equivalent width, and their time evolutions are correlated with that of the white-light emission. This indicates the possibility of the white light, the Hα red asymmetry, and the Hα line broadening originating from nearly the same site, i.e., the dense chromospheric condensation region, heated by nonthermal electrons. On the other hand, the flux ratio of the redshifted excess components to the central components is enhanced one hr after the flare’s onset. This may be due to the main source of the red asymmetry changing to post-flare loops in the later phase of the flare.
Resolving the Emission Regions of the Crab Pulsar’s Giant Pulses. II. Evidence for Relativistic Motion
Authors: Lin Rebecca , van Kerkwijk Marten H. , Main Robert , Mahajan Nikhil , Pen Ue-Li , Kirsten Franz 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Crab Pulsar is the prime example of an emitter of giant pulses. These short, very bright pulses are thought to originate near the light cylinder, at ∼1600 km from the pulsar. The pulsar’s location inside the Crab Nebula offers an unusual opportunity to resolve the emission regions, using the nebula, which scatters radio waves, as a lens. We attempt to do this using a sample of 61,998 giant pulses found in coherently combined European VLBI network observations at 18 cm. These were taken at times of relatively strong scattering and hence good effective resolution. From correlations between pulse spectra, we show that the giant pulse emission regions are indeed resolved. We infer apparent diameters of ∼2000 and ∼2400 km for the main and interpulse components, respectively, and show that with these sizes the correlation amplitudes and decorrelation timescales and bandwidths can be understood quantitatively, both in our observations and in previous ones. Using pulse-spectra statistics and correlations between polarizations, we also show that the nebula resolves the nanoshots that comprise individual giant pulses. The implied diameters of ∼1100 km far exceed light-travel-time estimates, suggesting the emitting plasma is moving relativistically, with γ ≃ 104, as inferred previously from drifting bands during the scattering tail of a giant pulse. If so, the emission happens over a region extended along the line of sight by ∼107 km. We conclude that relativistic motion likely is important for producing giant pulses, and may be similarly for other sources of short, bright radio emission, such as fast radio bursts.
Entre le regain et l’incendie : l’étape oubliée du compostage industriel, voie médiane abandonnée du traitement des ordures ménagères (Île-de-France, années 1940 – années 1990)
Authors: Dufour Étienne 
Published: March 2023

Focalisée sur les grandes innovations techniques et les trajectoires sociotechniques dominantes, l’histoire du traitement des déchets organiques urbains a partiellement négligé les techniques alternatives de recyclage agricole. Celles-ci ont pourtant perduré dans les usages jusque tard dans certains contextes territoriaux. Dans la région parisienne, entre les années 1940 et les années 1990, une partie des flux de matières résiduelles des villes de l’agglomération a ainsi continué d’être orientée, de manière assez décentralisée et en dehors des grands réseaux techniques, vers les sols cultivés des campagnes voisines. Avant que ne s’impose assez tardivement et presque sans partage le système du tout-réseau qui destine l’ensemble des ordures à la destruction-dispersion en usine d’incinération ou à l’enfouissement en décharges, ces techniques alternatives telles que le compostage ont même connu un certain regain. Le compostage industriel s’est ainsi développé de façon éphémère autour des années 1960. Cependant, il ne survit pas aux années 1970 qui reconfigurent profondément les rapports de force et la hiérarchie entre les technologies. En suivant la trajectoire de ces alternatives, une autre histoire du traitement des déchets se dessine, où villes et campagnes maintiennent de fertiles liens organiques avant que les unes et les autres ne scellent définitivement (?) leur rupture à la fin du XX e siècle. Elle permet d’esquisser quelques raisons de ce succès éphémère puis de cet échec.
Cost–Utility Analysis for Rapid Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 Antigen Detection Assay in Comparison Versus Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Laboratory Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease -2019
Authors: Mungmunpuntipantip Rujittika , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The global pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is still spreading. As a result, rapid, simple, and accurate diagnostics to diagnose severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are urgently needed. For the diagnosis of COVID-19 cases, the performance characteristics of the quick SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection test should be investigated and compared to the gold standard real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. The utility of the antigen detection test is reported from field evaluation. However, an interesting concern is on the utility of the test.

Methods:
Here, the authors perform a cost utility analysis to appraise rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection assay in comparison versus real-time RT-PCR assay for laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19.

Results:
According to the analysis, the cost per utility of rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection assay is 3.24 times less than that of comparison versus real-time RT-PCR assay.

Conclusion:
Hence, it can conclude that rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection assay is appropriate for using for diagnosis of COVID-19 in term of cost–utility.
Antidiabetic Effect of Borassus flabellifer L. Extracts on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Peter Anitha , Tajudheen Nargis Begum , Ramamoorthy Senthil Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Around the world, the number of people with diabetes is rising at an alarming rate, and experts have been using ancient drugs that are mostly made from plants as treatments. This study aimed to see if Borassus
flabellifer L. palm sprout ethanolic extracts could help treat diabetes in rats made diabetic by streptozotocin (STZ).

Methods:
STZ (45 mg/kg bw) was injected once into the peritoneum of male albino Wistar rats. This caused them to get diabetes. For 60 days, intragastric intubation was used to give diabetic rats B.
flabellifer palm sprout ethanolic extracts (400 mg/kg bw) and glibenclamide (1 mg/kg bw).

Results:
As a result, the rats lost a lot of weight, their blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin levels went up, and their total hemoglobin (Hb) levels went down. Furthermore, glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bis phosphatase were higher in rats made diabetic by STZ, while hexokinase and glycogen levels were lower. When diabetic rats were given ethanolic extracts of B. flabellifer palm sprouts and glibenclamide, their blood glucose and glycosylated Hb levels went down very well, and their Hb levels went up. Changes in how enzymes that break down carbohydrates and liver glycogen work were greatly improved.

Conclusion:
The results of the ethanolic extracts of B.
flabellifer palm sprouts were similar to those of the standard drug glibenclamide. The results of this study back up the traditional use of plant extracts to treat diabetes.
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation from Sputum Specimens: A Retrospective Analysis of 1061 Cases
Authors: Babalık Aylin , Koç Emine Nur , Şekerbey Hamide Gül , Dönmez Gül Erdal , Balıkçı Ahmet , Kılıçaslan Zeki 
Published: March 2023

Background:
In recent years, with the development of laboratory methods, the frequency of nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) infections has increased. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) growths in respiratory samples, and the secondary aim was to evaluate the treatment regimens and treatment outcomes of treatment for TDM disease.

Methods:
This study was a retrospective cohort study. Persons with NTM growth in respiratory samples admitted to the reference hospital between 2009 and 2020 were included in this study. Samples detected as NTM by the immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic test, those requested by the clinicians, species were determined by the hsp65PCRREA method. The subjects were classified into 3 groups: patients with NTM infection who received treatment (135, 12.7%), those followed up without treatment (690, 65.1%), and a last group of patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) complex strains were isolated and received TB treatment (236, 22.2%). Initiating NTM treatment was decided in accordance with the American Thoracic Society recommendations.

Results:
The mean ± standard deviation age of patients was 53.8 ± 16.5 years, and 749 (70.6%) were male. In total, 278 (26.2%) out of 1061 cases had identified, and the most frequent species were MAC (81; Mycobacterium avium: 39, Mycobacterium intracellulare: 39, and MAC: 3), Mycobacterium abscessus (67), Mycobacterium kansasii (48), Mycobacterium fortuitum (23), Mycobacterium chelonae (12), Mycobacterium gordonae (11), and Mycobacterium szulgai (11). In the NTM treatment group, 116 (85.9%) of 135 patients had multiple culture positivity. Previous TB treatment history had 51 (37.8%) of 135 patients, respiratory comorbidities were evident in 37 (27.4%) of 135 patients. Thorax computed tomography imaging in 84 patients revealed nodule 38 (45.2%), consolidation 46 (54.8%), cavity 52 (61.9%), and bronchiectasis 27 (32.1%). Treatment results in the NTM treatment group were as follows: ongoing treatment 14 (10.4%), cure 64 (47.4%), default 33 (24.4%), exitus 19 (14.1%), recurrence 3 (2.2%), and refractory disease 2 (1.5%).

Conclusion:
This is a large case series evaluating the clinical significance of NTM growths and NTM treatment in Turkey. The clinical significance of NTM growth in respiratory samples is low. Treatment success rates of NTM patients who are treated are low. Treatment defaults and mortality rates are high. New drugs and new regimens are needed.
Favorable Outcome of Individual Regimens Containing Bedaquiline and Delamanid in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Putra Oki Nugraha , Yulistiani Yulistiani , Soedarsono Soedarsono , Subay Susi 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a public health concern that is difficult to treat, requiring long and complex treatment with highly effective drugs. Bedaquiline and/or delamanid have already shown promising outcomes in patients with DR-TB, increasing the rate of culture conversion and lowering TB-related mortality.

Methods:
We comprehensively searched and evaluated the effectiveness of individual regimens containing bedaquiline and delamanid on culture conversion and treatment success. We assessed for quality either observational or experimental studies.

Results:
We identified 14 studies that met the inclusion criteria using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flowchart with 12 observational and 2 experimental studies. Of 1691 DR-TB patients enrolled in the included studies, 1407 of them concomitantly received regimens containing bedaquiline and delamanid. Overall multidrug resistant (MDR), preextensively drug resistant (XDR), and XDR-TB were seen in 21.4%, 44.1%, and 34.5%, respectively. Of 14 studies, 8 of them reported favorable outcomes including sputum culture conversion and cure rate at the end of treatment, meanwhile 6 studies only reported sputum culture conversion. Sputum culture conversion at the end of the 6th month was 63.6%–94.7% for observational studies, and 87.6%–95.0% for experimental studies. The favorable outcome at the end of treatment was 67.5%–91.4%. With high pre-XDR and XDR cases among DR-TB patients with limited treatment options, regimens containing bedaquiline and delamanid provide successful treatment.

Conclusion:
In DR-TB patients receiving regimens containing bedaquiline and delamanid, favorable outcomes were high including sputum conversion and cure rate.
Osteoarticular Tuberculosis in Central India: Changing Epidemiological Profile and Emerging Challenges
Authors: Kori Vivek Kumar , Bandil Deepanshu , Asthana Mohit , Maravi Deepak Singh 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) is a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) affecting bones and joints. There is a paucity of data on skeletal TB epidemiology in the annual TB reports and current literature. Many atypical presentations of the disease have also emerged. This necessitates periodic observation of the epidemiological profile of OATB. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevailing epidemiological trends of OATB in Central India.

Methods:
The 5-year ambispective observational study was conducted at the department of orthopedics of a tertiary care center in Central India. Records of patients diagnosed with OATB from January 2017 to December 2021 were analyzed for demographic factors, site of lesion, comorbidities (pulmonary TB, human immunodeficiency virus, and diabetes), etc., Chi-square test for linear trend was used to determine whether a linear trend exists in the number of diagnosed cases.

Results:
Two hundred and ten skeletal TB lesions were found in 208 patients included in the study. OATB was highly reported in young adults and females. Spinal lesions were three times more common than extraspinal OATB lesions. The lumbar spine was the most affected region. Hip was the most common extraspinal site. Unusual sites such as sternoclavicular joint and ischial tuberosity were also involved.

Conclusion:
The burden of OATB is increasing, especially spinal TB. The involvement of atypical sites insists on strong clinical suspicion for early diagnosis. The practice of empirical antitubercular chemotherapy needs to be reviewed considering the risk of drug resistance.