bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexisting patterns and significance of serum HBV RNA and HBV DNA in patients with treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Hao Kun-yan , Fan Ye , Zhang Yi-qing , Yu Yue-cheng 
Published: January 2025

AimThe study aimed to explore the coexisting patterns and assess the significance of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA and traditional virological biomarkers in patients with antiviral treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.MethodsSerum HBV RNA, HBV DNA, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) levels were measured and compared in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The HBV RNA levels were determined using a simultaneous amplification and testing assay.ResultsIn the HBeAg-negative (HBeAg [−]) patients, the serum HBV RNA detectable (HBV RNA [+]) rate (33.33%, 14/42) was significantly lower than the serum HBV DNA detectable (HBV DNA [+]) rate (95.24%, 40/42; p &lt; 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the HBeAg-positive (HBeAg [+]) patients (p &gt; 0.05). The HBV RNA (+) rate (33.33%, 14/42) was lower in the HBeAg-negative patients than in the HBeAg-positive patients (100%, 17/17, p &lt; 0.001), while the HBV DNA (+) rate (95.24%, 40/42 vs. 94.12%, 16/17) showed no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05). The HBV RNA (+) rates showed a significant difference (p &lt; 0.001) among the different HBsAg levels (10.00, 65.00, 84.21%, p &lt; 0.001), while the HBV DNA (+) rate showed no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05). In all patients, serum HBV RNA correlated well with HBV DNA (r = 0.72, p &lt; 0.001), HBeAg (r = 0.68, p &lt; 0.001), and HBsAg (r = 0.66, p &lt; 0.001). However, the correlations between HBV RNA and other biomarkers varied across the different HBsAg and HBeAg levels.ConclusionThe coexisting patterns of serum HBV RNA and HBV DNA varied with the levels of HBeAg and HBsAg in the patients with treatment-naïve chronic HBV infection. This further suggests that serum HBV RNA should be included in the key index panel to accurately evaluate the natural history of HBV infection and the effects of antiviral treatment.
Evaluation of autophagic and apoptotic markers during infection with animal virus causing hemorrhagic fever in rabbits
Authors: Bębnowska Dominika , Rzeszotek Sylwia , Kolasa Agnieszka , Wiśniewska Karolina , Żabińska Magdalena , Szulc Aneta , Cyske Zuzanna , Pierzynowska Karolina , Wilk Aleksandra , Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej Paulina 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionLagovirus europaeus/GI.1 and GI.2 cause severe Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease, and immune processes are among the important pathomechanisms of the disease. Autophagy and apoptosis are two key mechanisms involved in the host antiviral response. Both of these processes have been characterized in infection with GI.1 strains, while data on infection with GI.2 strains still need to be studied. This is particularly important because infection with different strains is associated with a different host immune response profile.MethodsIn this work, we analyzed the expression of selected genes and proteins involved in autophagic flux in the liver, spleen, kidney and peripheral blood, but also apoptotic cell death in the liver and peripheral blood of rabbits infected with the GI.2 strain.ResultsAs a result, we showed that autophagy is strongly activated in the liver, spleen and kidney of infected rabbits, and confirmed the activation of apoptosis in the liver.DiscussionThis study highlights the role of apoptosis and autophagy in the immune response in rabbits infected with Lagovirus europaeus/GI.2.
Chlorfenapyr-related delayed rhabdomyolysis: a case series
Authors: Xu Lina , Zhou Qian , Li Yan , Ren Sisi , Hu Yubin , Wang Jieru 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionChlorfenapyr, a broad-spectrum insecticide and acaricide of the pyrrole-class pesticides, can induce dizziness, fatigue, profuse sweating, and altered consciousness by interfering with cell energy metabolism. However, chlorfenapyr-related rhabdomyolysis has rarely been reported.Case presentationsPatient 1 was a healthy 26-year-old man who ingested approximately 30 mL of chlorfenapyr. After gastric lavage, rehydration, diuresis, liver protection, and symptomatic treatment, he was discharged. However, he was readmitted 11 days later with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury, and his blood tralopyril level was 187 μg/mL. Patient 2 was a 43-year-old man who consumed approximately 50 mL of chlorfenapyr without seeking medical care for 6 days. On day 7, his blood chlorfenapyr and tralopyril levels were 42 μg/mL and 542 μg/mL, respectively. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis and brainstem injury.DiscussionChlorfenapyr can disrupt cellular energy metabolism, leading to rhabdomyolysis and brainstem injury, and physical activity may trigger and accelerate rhabdomyolysis. The delayed damage caused by chlorfenapyr poisoning may be attributed to the gradual depletion of cellular energy and prolonged presence of its metabolites in the body.
An increase in flow-diverter oversizing values as an independent risk factor for developing more severe in-stent stenosis. A retrospective single-center study based on flow diversion of supraclinoid internal carotid artery aneurysms
Authors: Vladev Georgi , Sirakov Alexander , Matanov Svetozar , Sirakova Kristina , Ninov Kristian , Sirakov Stanimir 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIn the past decade, flow diverters (FDs) have increasingly been used to treat cerebral aneurysms with unfavorable morphology in which other endovascular techniques fall short of being as effective. In-stent stenosis (ISS) is one of the most puzzling and frequent risks of flow diversion therapy observed on follow-ups. This complication, although mostly placid in its clinical course, can have dire consequences if patients become symptomatic. ISS is associated with many factors, none of which have been demonstrated to date to be solely responsible for the phenomenon.MethodsThis study was aimed at evaluating ISS incidence in patients in our clinic who were treated with flow-diverters for aneurysms, located on the supraclinoid segments of the internal carotid artery between September 2022 and May 2023. A retrospective analysis was conducted, which included 137 patients with a total of 142 aneurysms being treated. The main hypothesis was that oversizing of the implant might play a role in ISS development. The performed statistical analysis, aimed at finding a correlation between it and vessel lumen narrowing on the follow-ups. The effects of other known risk factors, such as sex, age, smoking, and hypertension, were also analyzed.ResultsStent oversizing with respect to the parent artery was positively correlated with subsequent ISS occurrence and severity. Older age was a protective factor against ISS. Patients who actively smoked had diminished risk of developing severe ISS.DiscussionStent oversizing can lead to ISS development, which might be more pronounced with larger implant-to-vessel sizing discrepancies. To achieve optimal results, the choice of implant diameter should consider all segments of the vessel in which it will be implanted. In cases of severe symptomatic ISS, continuation of dual anti-platelet therapy is a reasonable and effective option to address this complication.
Metabolic changes of thalamus assessed by 1H-MRS spectroscopy in patients of cervical spondylotic myelopathy following decompression surgery
Authors: Zheng Jiangqin , Zhang Yujin , Zhao Baogen , Wang Ning , Gao Ting , Zhang Li 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo assess the changes of thalamic metabolites before and after surgery in patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) using Hydrogen Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and to investigate its association with improvement in neurological function.MethodsForty-eight CSM patients who underwent cervical decompression surgery from December 2022 to June 2023 were included, and 33 healthy volunteers were recruited. All subjects underwent bilateral thalamic 1H-MRS scans before the surgical procedure, and subsequently again 6 months later. Neurological function was assessed pre-operatively and post-operatively (6 months) in all patients with CSM using the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA). The changes of mJOA (ΔmJOA = postoperative mJOA–preoperative mJOA) were employed as an indicator of neurological improvement. The pre- and postoperative metabolic ratio of N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr), choline/creatine (Cho/Cr), myo-inositol/creatine (mI/Cr), glutamate and glutamine complex/creatine (Glx/Cr) were statistically compared in CSM patients and healthy controls (HCs). A correlation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between alterations in pre- and postoperative metabolite ratios (ΔNAA/Cr, ΔCho/Cr, ΔmI/Cr, ΔGlx/Cr) and ΔmJOA.ResultsCompared to the HCs, patients with CSM showed significantly lower pre- and post-operative NAA/Cr (Z = −4.235, p &lt; 0.001; Z = −3.184, p = 0.001), Cho/Cr (Z = −5.050, p &lt; 0.001; (Z = −2.624, p = 0.007) and mI/Cr (Z = −3.739, p = 0.001; Z = −2.014, p = 0.044). There was no difference in Glx/Cr between patients in patients with CSM, either preoperatively or postoperatively, compared to HCs. Post-operative NAA/Cr (Z  = −2.285, p = 0.041) and mI/Cr (Z = −2.925, p = 0.021) were increased in CSM patients compared to pre-operative NAA/Cr and mI/Cr. In CSM patients, ΔmI/Cr correlated significantly with ΔmJOA (r = 0.507, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe preliminary findings indicate that metabolites in the thalamus of CSM patients exhibit changes following surgery. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that elevated postoperative mI correlates with improvements in neurological function.
Optimizing oral 3-hydroxybutyrate dosage using pharmacokinetic model to improve cognitive function and mood in healthy subjects
Authors: Nishioka Kentaro , Ishimoto Takahiro , Sato Mariko , Yasuda Ruki , Nakamura Yumi , Watanabe Hiroshi , Suzuki Toshihide , Araragi Yudai , Kato Yukio , Yoshida Ken-ichi , Murayama Norihito 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe brain uses ketones, mainly 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB), as an alternative energy source. Therefore, oral intake of 3-HB may help maintain brain health. Previous studies indicated that achieving a maximum concentration (Cmax) of 3-HB in plasma at 0.28 mM could initiate ketone metabolism in the brain; we hypothesized that attaining this Cmax would improve brain health.MethodsWe aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of an optimized single oral dose of 3-HB on cognitive function and mood through two clinical studies: a pharmacokinetic study and an efficacy study. In the pharmacokinetic study, healthy subjects were ingested 2 and 4 g of 3-HB to construct a compartment model to predict the minimum oral dose of 3-HB needed to achieve the target Cmax. In the efficacy study, a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled crossover trial, the effects of 3-HB at the predicted doses on cognitive function and mood in healthy subjects were assessed by a serial arithmetic test (SAT), the cognitrax, the profile of mood states 2nd edition (POMS2), and fatigue visual analog scale (VAS).ResultsIn the pharmacokinetic study, a one-compartment model that includes saturable and non-saturable absorption pathways, constant biosynthesis, and the linear elimination of 3-HB after oral administration were constructed. The model principally reflected the observed serum 3-HB concentrations profiles and predicted a minimum dose of 3.5 g needed to achieve the target Cmax. In the efficacy study, although no significant difference was observed in any cognitive domains assessed by the Cognitrax, total responses and correct answers in the SAT were significantly improved in the active group receiving 3.5 g of 3-HB compared to the placebo group. Regarding the POMS2, confusion–bewilderment, fatigue–inertia, vigor-activity, and total mood disturbance scales were significantly improved in the active group compared to the placebo group. Additionally, fatigue VAS were also significantly improved in the active group compared to the placebo group.DiscussionWe successfully established a one-compartment model for oral 3-HB intake and demonstrated partial efficacy on cognitive function and broad efficacy on mood in healthy subjects with a single oral dose of 3.5 g of 3-HB optimized by the model.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index-j.htm, identifier [UMIN000042095, UMIN000046666].
Therapeutic potential of short-chain fatty acids for acute lung injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical animal studies
Authors: Xie Liying , Wang Linyan , Liao Yongxin , Yao Miaoen , Mai Tong , Fan Rongrong , Han Yun , Zhou Gengbiao 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundShort-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), derived from the fermentation of dietary fiber by intestinal commensal bacteria, have demonstrated protective effects against acute lung injury (ALI) in animal models. However, the findings have shown variability across different studies. It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy of these treatments and their consistency.ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the effects of SCFAs on ALI based on preclinical research evidence, in order to provide new treatment strategies for ALI.MethodsWe included studies that tested the effects of SCFAs on ALI in animal models. This study was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search for relevant studies was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases up to February 2024. The data were extracted in accordance with the established selection criteria, and the risk of bias was evaluated for each study.ResultsA total of 16 articles were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that the SCFAs significantly reduced lung wet-to-dry weight (SMD = −2.75, 95% CI = −3.46 to −2.03, p &lt; 0.00001), lung injury scores (SMD = −5.07, 95% CI = −6.25 to −3.89, p &lt; 0.00001), myeloperoxidase (SMD = −3.37, 95% CI = −4.05 to −2.70, p &lt; 0.00001), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (SMD = −3.31, 95% CI = −4.45 to −2.16, p &lt; 0.00001) and malondialdehyde (SMD = −3.91, 95% CI = −5.37 to −2.44, p &lt; 0.00001) levels in animal models of ALI. The results of the subgroup analysis indicated that the efficacy of SCFAs varies significantly with dosage and duration of treatment.ConclusionSCFAs can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in animal models of ALI. The clinical efficacy of SCFAs for ALI deserves further in-depth research.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=584008, CRD42024584008.
Bilateral chylothorax following total thyroidectomy with neck lymph node dissection for thyroid cancer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Yunsheng , Liu Xudong , Wang Xingyue , Tian Youxin , Liu Qinjiang , Wang Jun , Xue Jincai 
Published: January 2025

PurposeInvestigating the diagnosis and treatment of bilateral Chylothorax after neck lymph node dissection for thyroid cancer.MethodsThe clinical data of a patient with bilateral chylothorax after neck lymph node dissection for thyroid cancer were retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant literature was reviewed.ResultsThe patient underwent a total thyroidectomy and left neck lymph node dissection, with no evidence of lymph fluid leakage observed during the operation. The patient experienced chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea, and decreased lung auscultation breath sounds on the 7th day after the surgery. The chest X-ray examination revealed the presence of bilateral pleural effusion. Under ultrasound guidance, bilateral thoracic closed drainage tube was implanted, and a small sample of the milky white fluid was tested for chylothorax, yielded positive results. The patient is diagnosed with bilateral chylothorax. After received conservative treatment, the patient’s drainage flow gradually decreased. Subsequent review of a chest X-ray showed no signs of chest hydrops, and as a result, the thoracic drainage tube was removed. The patient eventually recovered and was subsequently discharged.ConclusionBilateral chylothorax is a rare complication following neck lymph node dissection for thyroid cancer. It is deemed safe and effective to administer active conservative treatment upon early detection.
Case report: Illustrating associated malignancies in Paget’s disease using contrast-enhanced mammography
Authors: Mariano Luciano , Nicosia Luca , Bozzini Anna , Pesapane Filippo , Magnoni Francesca , Mazzarol Giovanni , Meneghetti Lorenza , Sorce Adriana , Cassano Enrico 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe following presentation explores the diagnostic potential of Contrast-Enhanced Mammography (CEM) in evaluating and managing Paget’s Disease (PD) of the breast, particularly as an alternative or complementary tool to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in cases where MRI is contraindicated or inconclusive.Clinical casesTwo clinical cases of PD diagnosed at our Breast Imaging Division between January and May 2024 were analyzed using CEM. These cases involved imaging techniques, including Digital Mammography (DM), Breast Ultrasound (US), MRI and CEM, alongside histopathological confirmation through nipple-areolar complex (NAC) punch biopsies. CEM identified disease extensions and NAC involvement that was not evident in conventional imaging in both cases. CEM findings influenced surgical decisions, leading to total mastectomies with reconstruction instead of conservative approaches. The cases highlighted CEM’s sensitivity and ability to delineate the disease extent comparable to MRI.Discussion and conclusionsPD often presents diagnostic challenges due to frequent associations with underlying malignancies that are undetectable by standard imaging. While MRI is the gold standard, its limitations, such as costs, contraindications, and false positives, warrant alternative methods. CEM demonstrated utility in diagnosing and staging PD, offering benefits in patient acceptability, cost, and sensitivity comparable to MRI. CEM is a promising diagnostic and planning tool for PD management, especially in MRI-infeasible cases. More extensive multicentric studies will be needed to validate CEM’s role in this context. CEM could enhance PD diagnostic workflows and treatment strategies, significantly impacting clinical outcomes.
Mapping the intellectual structure and emerging trends on nanomaterials in colorectal cancer: a bibliometric analysis from 2003 to 2024
Authors: Lu Man , Liu Yi , Zhu Jin , Shang Jiarong , Bai Lu , Jin Zhichao , Li Wenting , Hu Yue , Zheng Xia , Qian Jun 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of thes most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. Current therapeutic strategies for CRC have limitations, while nanomaterials show significant potential for diagnosing and treating CRC. This study utilizes bibliometric analysis to evaluate the current status and trends in this field.MethodsResearch on nanomaterials in CRC from 2003 to 2024 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). Tools such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, RStudio, GraphPad Prism, and Excel were used to analyze trends and hotspots, covering publication trends, countries, institutions, authors, journals, co-citation analysis, and keywords. Visual maps were created to forecast future developments.ResultsThe analysis includes 3,683 publications by 17,261 authors from 3,721 institutions across 100 countries/regions, published in 840 journals. Global publications have steadily increased, particularly since 2018. China leads in publication volume and citations, with six of the top ten research institutions and seven of the ten most cited authors, while the United States excels in citation impact and academic centrality. Both countries currently dominate the field, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced international collaboration. Ramezani M and Abnous K lead in publication volume and H-index, while Siegel RL is highly cited. The International Journal of Nanomedicine has the highest publication volume, while the Journal of Controlled Release is the most cited. In addition to “colorectal cancer” and “nanoparticles,” the most common keyword is “drug delivery.” Emerging research areas such as “metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)” and “green synthesis” are gaining attention as leading hotspots.ConclusionThis study offers an in-depth analysis of the application of nanomaterials in CRC, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and advancing scientific progress in this field.
Achieving reliable patient reported outcomes collection to measure health care improvement in a learning health network: lessons from pediatric rheumatology care and outcomes improvement network
Authors: Pan Nancy , Morgan Esi M. , Ryan Meghan , Gottlieb Beth , Harris Julia G. , Lee Tzielan , Goh Y. Ingrid 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionData from the Pediatric Rheumatology Care and Outcomes Improvement Network (PR-COIN) registry suggests that reliable collection of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) varies across sites. The objective of this study was to better understand the practices of collecting PROs at PR-COIN sites.MethodsA REDCap survey was sent to the lead representative for each PR-COIN site. Registry data were analyzed to better understand the completion rates of PROs. Interviews of physician leaders of high performing sites were conducted by videoconference, audiotranscribed and themes were summarized. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were thematically analyzed.ResultsAll 23 PR-COIN sites responded to the survey. PROs were collected by 21/23 (91%) sites. Arthritis-related pain intensity, morning stiffness, and physical function were the top three collected PROs (
Supplementary 3 and 4). PROs were collected using paper, electronically or in combination, with most sites collecting PROs only on paper. PROs were manually scored at most sites. Among sites with electronic PRO collection, 42% did not have automatic transfer of scores into the electronic medical record. Facilitators to successful collection of PROs included availability of staff, training, and culture. Barriers to PRO collection cited were limited time, lack of infrastructure, and lack of staff. Completion rates of PROs in the registry in top 4 performing centers for morning stiffness was 100%, overall well-being and pain intensity scores ranged from 93%–98%, and for physical function 69%–94%. Interviews with physician leaders indicated that their site overcame barriers through: integration of PRO collection into workflow, gaining buy-in of stakeholders (clinicians and patients), and automating PRO collection. Interviewees endorsed automation of data collection (e.g., self-completion on tablets) and automated transfer to electronic medical record (EMR) as key components enabling reliable PRO collection.ConclusionsThrough understanding our current ability to systematically collect PROs across all sites in PR-COIN and exploring successful implementation of PRO collection both within and outside our learning health network, we share lessons learned and identify the most influential factors for successful PRO collection in pediatric rheumatology.