bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing patterns of care for pancreas cancer in Victoria: the 2022 Pancreas Tumour Summit
Authors: Pilgrim Charles H. C. , Finn Norah , Stuart Ella , Philip Jennifer , Steel Simone , Croagh Dan , Lee Belinda , Tebbutt Niall C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Victorian Government convened the second Pancreas Cancer Summit in 2021 to identify unwarranted variation in care 2016–2019, and to assess trends compared with the first Summit 2017 (reporting 2011–2015). State‐wide administrative data were assessed at population level in alignment with optimal care pathways across all stages of the cancer care continuum.MethodsData linkage performed by Centre for Victorian Data Linkage combined data from Victorian Cancer Registry with other administrative data sets including Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset, Victorian Radiotherapy Minimum Data Set, Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset and Victorian Death Index. A Cancer Service Performance Indicator audit was carried out providing an in‐depth analysis of identified areas of interest.ResultsOf 3138 Victorians diagnosed with pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma 2016–2019, 63% were metastatic at diagnosis. One‐year survival increased between time periods, from 29.7% overall 2011–2015 (59.1% for non‐metastatic, and 15.1% metastatic) to 32.5% overall 2016–2019 (P < 0.001), 61.2% non‐metastatic (P = 0.008), 15.7% metastatic (P = NS). A higher proportion of non‐metastatic patients progressed to surgery (35% vs. 31%, P = 0.020), and more received neoadjuvant therapy (16% vs. 4%, P < 0.001). Postoperative mortality following pancreatectomy at 30 and 90 days remained low at 2%. Utilization of 5FU‐based chemotherapy regimens increased between 2016 and 2020. Multidisciplinary Meeting (MDM) presentation was still below the 85% target (74%) as was supportive care screening (39%, target 80%).ConclusionsSurgical outcomes remain world‐class and there has been an appropriate shift in chemotherapy administration towards neoadjuvant timing with increasing use of 5FU‐based regimens. MDM presentation rates, supportive care and overall care coordination remain areas of deficiency.
Lactobacillus crispatus‐dominated vaginal microbiome and Acinetobacter‐dominated seminal microbiome support beneficial ART outcome
Authors: Koort Kairi , Sõsa Kristiina , Türk Silver , Lapp Eleri , Talving Elle , Karits Peeter , Rosenstein Karin , Jaagura Madis , Sekavin Aire , Sõritsa Deniss , Haldre Kai , Karro Helle , Korrovits Paul , Salumets Andres , Mändar Reet 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionDespite the considerable progress made in assisted reproductive technologies (ART), the implantation rate of transferred embryos remains low and in many cases, the reasons for failure remain unclear. We aimed to determine the potential impact of female and male partners’ reproductive tract microbiome composition on ART outcome.Material and methodsThe ART couples (n = 97) and healthy couples (n = 12) were recruited into the study. The smaller healthy group underwent a careful selection according to their reproductive and general health criteria. Both vaginal and semen samples were subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing to reveal the bacterial diversity and identify distinct microbial community types.Ethics statementThe study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee on Human Research of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia (protocol no. 193/T‐16) on 31 May 2010. Participation in the research was voluntary. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants.ResultsThe men with Acinetobacter‐associated community who had children in the past, had the highest ART success rate (P < 0.05). The women with bacterial vaginosis vaginal microbiome community and with L. iners‐predominant and L. gasseri‐predominant microbiome had a lower ART success rate than women with the L. crispatus‐predominant or the mixed lactic‐acid‐bacteria‐predominant type (P < 0.05). The 15 couples where both partners had beneficial microbiome types had a superior ART success rate of 53%, when compared with the rest of the couples (25%; P = 0.023).ConclusionsMicrobiome disturbances in the genital tract of both partners tend to be associated with couple's infertility as well as lower ART success levels and may thus need attention before the ART procedure. The incorporation of genitourinary microbial screening as a part of the diagnostic evaluation process may become routine for ART patients if our results are confirmed by other studies.
French Neonatal Society issues recommendations on preventing nasal injuries in preterm newborn infants during non‐invasive respiratory support
Authors: Zores Claire , Zana‐Taïeb Elodie , Caeymaex Laurence , Fumeaux Céline Fischer , Kuhn Pierre ,   the Group of Reflection and Evaluation of the Environment of Newborns study group of the French Neonatology Society
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo issue practical recommendations regarding the optimal care of nasal skin when non‐invasive ventilation support is used.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of PubMed to identify relevant papers published in English or French through December 2019. Different grades of evidence were evaluated.ResultsForty‐eight eligible studies. The incidence in preterm infants was high. The lesions were more frequent for preterm infants born under 30 weeks of gestational age and/or below 1500 g. The lesion was most often located on the skin of the nose but could also be found on the intranasal mucous membranes or elsewhere on the face. Nasal injuries appear early after the beginning of non‐invasive ventilation at a mean of 2–3 days for cutaneous lesions and eight or nine for intranasal lesions. The most effective strategies to prevent trauma are the use of a hydrocolloid at the beginning of the support ventilation, the preferential use of a mask and the rotation of ventilation interfaces.ConclusionNasal injuries with continuous positive airway pressure treatment in preterm newborn infants were frequent and can induce pain, discomfort and sequelae. The immature skin of preterm newborn infants needs specific attention from trained caregivers and awareness by parents.
The use of minimal residual disease in thoracic oncology: Gaps between promises and the on‐the‐ground reality of daily practice
Authors: Hofman Paul , Denis Marc G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) from blood samples of patients with resected non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is promising and opens up many opportunities for the optimisation of patient care in daily practice. Notably, this includes the potential for escalation or de‐escalation of adjuvant therapies. Thus, the evaluation of MRD status can directly contribute to an increase in the overall survival of early stage NSCLC patients and/or limit therapeutic but also “financial” toxicity. Therefore, several clinical trials recently evaluated MRD in early stage NSCLC by integrating and retrospectively comparing the results of MRD assessments. In this context, there is an urgent need to close the gap between clinical research and the use of the evaluation of MRD in routine daily practice. Further action needs to be taken, particularly in evaluating the pertinence of the detection of MRD in prospective interventional clinical studies. This may be done in part by comparing different parameters, such as the techniques used, the different time points and the cutoffs of MRD assessments. This article investigates the assessment of MRD in non‐small cell lung cancers, with a special focus on the issues associated with the various assays and the limitations of using circulating free DNA analyses for MRD assessment in early stage lung cancer. Recommendations and tips for the optimisation of MRD evaluation in non‐small cell lung cancers are provided.
A public early intervention approach to first‐episode psychosis: Treated incidence over 7 years in the Emilia‐Romagna region
Authors: Belvederi Murri Martino , Ferrara Maria , Imbesi Massimiliano , Leuci Emanuela , Marchi Mattia , Musella Vincenzo , Natali Alba , Neri Anastasia , Ragni Sabrina , Saponaro Alessio , Tarricone Ilaria , Tullini Andrea , Starace Fabrizio ,   for the Early Psychosis Working Group (for Group Authorship)
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo estimate the treated incidence of individuals with first‐episode psychosis (FEP) who contacted the Emilia‐Romagna public mental healthcare system (Italy); to examine the variability of incidence and user characteristics across centres and years.MethodsWe computed the raw treated incidence in 2013–2019, based on FEP users aged 18–35, seen within or outside the regional program for FEP. We modelled FEP incidence across 10 catchment areas and 7 years using Bayesian Poisson and Negative Binomial Generalized Linear Models of varying complexity. We explored associations between user characteristics, study centre and year comparing variables and socioclinical clusters of subjects.ResultsThousand three hundred and eighteen individuals were treated for FEP (raw incidence: 25.3 / 100.000 inhabitant year, IQR: 15.3). A Negative Binomial location‐scale model with area, population density and year as predictors found that incidence and its variability changed across centres (Bologna: 36.55; 95% CrI: 30.39–43.86; Imola: 3.07; 95% CrI: 1.61–4.99) but did not follow linear temporal trends or density. Centers were associated with different user age, gender, migrant status, occupation, living conditions and cluster distribution. Year was associated negatively with HoNOS score (R = −0.09, p < .001), duration of untreated psychosis (R = −0.12, p < .001) and referral type.ConclusionsThe Emilia‐Romagna region presents a relatively high but variable incidence of FEP across areas, but not in time. More granular information on social, ethnic and cultural factors may increase the level of explanation and prediction of FEP incidence and characteristics, shedding light on social and healthcare factors influencing FEP.
Categorical surrogation of agent‐based models: A comparative study of machine learning classifiers
Authors: Llacay Bàrbara , Peffer Gilbert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAgent‐based modelling has gained recognition in the last years because it provides a natural way to explore the behaviour of social systems. However, agent‐based models usually have a considerable number of parameters that make it computationally prohibitive to explore the complete space of parameter combinations. A promising approach to overcome the computational constraints of agent‐based models is the use of machine learning‐based surrogates or metamodels, which can be used as efficient proxies of the original agent‐based model. As the use of metamodels of agent‐based simulations is still an incipient area of research, there are no guidelines on which algorithms are the most suitable candidates. In order to contribute to filling this gap, we conduct here a systematic comparative analysis to evaluate different machine learning‐based approaches to agent‐based model surrogation. A key innovation of our work is the focus on classification methods for categorical metamodeling, which is highly relevant because agent‐based simulations are very often validated in a qualitative way. To analyse the performance of the classifiers we use three types of indicators—measures of correctness, efficiency, and robustness—and compare their results for different datasets and sample sizes using an agent‐based artificial market as a case study.
Roxadustat promotes hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α/vascular endothelial growth factor signalling to enhance random skin flap survival in rats
Authors: Lan Qicheng , Wang Kaitao , Meng Zhefeng , Lin Hang , Zhou Taotao , Lin Yi , Jiang Zhikai , Chen Jianpeng , Liu Xuao , Lin Yuting , Lin Dingsheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRandom skin flaps have limited clinical application as a broad surgical reconstruction treatment because of distal necrosis. The prolyl hydroxylase domain‐containing protein inhibitor roxadustat (RXD) enhances angiogenesis and reduces oxidative stress and inflammation. This study explored the function of RXD in the survival of random skin flaps. Thirty‐six male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into low‐dose RXD group (L‐RXD group, 10 mg/kg/2 day), high‐dose RXD group (H‐RXD group, 25 mg/kg/2 day), and control group (1 mL of solvent, 1:9 DMSO:corn oil). The proportion of surviving flaps was determined on day 7 after surgery. Angiogenesis was assessed by lead oxide/gelatin angiography, and microcirculation blood perfusion was evaluated by laser Doppler flow imaging. Specimens in zone II were obtained, and the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured as indicators of oxidative stress. Histopathological status was evaluated with haematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were detected by immunohistochemistry. RXD promoted flap survival and microcirculatory blood perfusion. Angiogenesis was detected distinctly in the experimental group. SOD activity increased and the MDA level decreased in the experimental group. Immunohistochemistry indicated that the expression levels of HIF‐1α and VEGF were increased while the levels of IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α were decreased after RXD injection. RXD promoted random flap survival by reinforcing vascular hyperplasia and decreasing inflammation and ischaemia‐reperfusion injury.
Epidemiology of work‐related burn injuries: A ten‐year retrospective study of 429 patients at a referral burn centre in the north of Iran
Authors: Bagheri Toolaroud Parissa , Attarchi Mirsaeed , Afshari Haghdoust Reza , Feizkhah Alireza , Esmailzadeh Mojdeh , Rimaz Siamak , Pirooz Amir , Mobayen Mohammadreza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWork‐related burns can have a destructive impact; however, knowledge of the epidemiology of work‐related burn injuries in Iran is limited. This study aimed to describe epidemiological characteristics of work‐related burn injuries in a burn centre in the north of Iran. This study was a retrospective single‐centre study of the medical records of work‐related burns between 2011 and 2020. Data collection was done using the hospital information system (HIS). The data were analysed by using descriptive statistical methods and SPSS 24.0 software. Of the 9220 cases treated in the burn centre, 429 (4.65%) had work‐related burns. There was an increasing trend of work‐related burns during the ten years. The mean age of patients was 37.53 (SD = 13.72). Most patients were male (n = 377, 87.9%), with a male‐to‐female ratio of 7.25/1. The mean total body surface area burn was 23.39% (SD = 20.03). Most work‐related burns occurred in the summer season (46.9%, n = 201), and the upper limb was the most common anatomical site of burns (n = 123, 28.7%). The most common mechanism of injury was fire & flames (266, 62.0%). Inhalation injury was observed in 52 (12.1%) patients, and mechanical ventilation was undertaken in 71 (16.6%) patients. The mean length of stay in the hospital was 10.38 (SD = 10.37) days, and the overall mortality rate was 11.2%. The most common activities associated with burns at the time of the incidents were food preparation and serving related (108, 25.2%), followed by welders (n = 71, 16.6%) and electricians (n = 61, 14.2%). This research is the basis for evaluating work‐related burns and identifying the causes of these injuries to develop education and prevention programmes, especially for young male workers.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone application lowered aldosterone/cortisol value on dominant side without superior surgical outcomes during adrenal venous sampling
Authors: Lin Lede , Chen Huiling , Liu Yu , Liu Zhihong , Shen Sikui , Xu Huan , Huang Huasong , Chen Tao , Zhou Liang , Zhu Yuchun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdrenal venous sampling (AVS) is thought to be the gold standard for primary aldosteronism (PA) subtype discrimination, during which the application of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) arouses heated debate. We aimed to identify the effect of ACTH on AVS and surgical outcomes. After propensity score matching (PSM), a total of 220 patients diagnosed with PA and completed AVS were included (110 without ACTH stimulation and 110 with ACTH stimulation). According to AVS results, surgeries were conducted in appropriate patients. ACTH stimulation significantly increased almost all selectivity index (SI) in both left adrenal vein (LAV) and right adrenal vein (RAV). We discovered that aldosterone/cortisol (A/C) value on dominant side significantly reduced after ACTH stimulation, with a reduction in lateralization index (LI) observed. Finally, 39 patients in unstimulated group and 32 patients in stimulated group completed surgery and enough follow‐up. The comparison between surgical outcomes with and without ACTH stimulation was analyzed and the difference was not significant (p = .464). In conclusion, ACTH application significantly lowered A/C value instead of the relative aldosterone secretion index (RASI) value on dominant side, which did not yield superior surgical outcomes and might render confusing AVS interpretation.
Thermal performance of a hybrid solar dryer through experimental and CFD investigation
Authors: Behera Debashree Debadatta , Mohanty Ramesh Chandra , Mohanty Ardhendu Mouli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSolar drying comes under clean energy technology that aims to dry food products hygienically. The present work discusses the development of an energy‐efficient and cost‐effective hybrid‐type solar dryer for drying 15 kg of food products. Experiments and CFD modeling of the solar drying system have been carried out for drying tomato slices. The maximum efficiency of the collector has been obtained as 74.1% and 66.96%, respectively with and without using exhaust hot air recirculation. Performance indicators such as convective heat transfer coefficient, overall loss coefficient, drying efficiency, and collector efficiency factor have been obtained as 7.743685 W/m2°C, 5.94189 W/m2°C, 32.89%, and 0.987%, respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) is calculated as 0.9863, 0.9919, and 0.9755 for the first, second, and third day, respectively, representing a higher order of fit of getting a performance evaluation of the collector. A p‐value is obtained as 0.49375 (>0.05) from a paired sample t‐test signifying no statistical significance difference between the predicted and actual experimental results of collector efficiency. For a constant mass flow rate of air, the maximum temperature inside the drying chamber and wall radiative heat flux obtained from experiments and CFD simulation are in good agreement, thus satisfying the validation. Further, the dryer can be used during the night time by using an electric coil producing a satisfactory drying effect. It is lightweight and easily portable to capture maximum solar radiation.Practical applicationsThe present solar dryer is most suitable for drying applications in food processing industries due to the clean and hygienic process of drying. It is easily portable to any location to capture maximum solar radiation. It is lightweight and has low construction, and maintenance costs. It is the most efficient and fast drying compared to open sun drying and can be used for large‐scale drying in industrial applications. The present study is about CFD simulations of the solar dryers for drying 5 kg of tomato slices. The drying efficiency has been increased by utilizing exhaust hot air circulation. Both the simulation and experimental results have been validated and further dryer has been used during night time by using an auxiliary heating element.
Effect of heating temperature on electrical properties and gel properties of carp surimi
Authors: Wang Ranran , Mu Jingying , Yu Lianshuang , Shen Xiaoran , Zhai Yuhang , Yuan Chunhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor better application of ohmic heating technology in the food industry, it is necessary to study the variation of the electrical properties of food materials with temperature. In this paper, various initial heating temperatures were applied to investigate the impact of temperature on the electrical properties of rinsed and unrinsed carp surimi. An impedance analyzer was utilized to measure the electrical parameters of carp surimi within the frequency range of 20 ~ 120 MHz. The frequency and temperature characteristics of electrical parameters were explained based on biological and electromagnetic theories. These findings furnish theoretical references and experimental evidence for applying ohmic heating technology. The results showed that the parallel inductance (Lp), parallel capacitance (Cp), parallel resistance (Rp), and impedance (Z) of surimi decreased as the internal temperature of the surimi increased. The greater the heating temperature of the water bath, the larger the parameter values. The Lp, Cp, Rp, and Z values were lower for unrinsed surimi than for rinsed surimi. During the heating and cooling process, the parameter values at the same temperature point differed due to the different states of the surimi gel. As the frequency increased, the Rp and Z of surimi showed different regular changes, with similar trends at the same temperature. Rinsing has been demonstrated to improve the gel properties of surimi effectively. Prolonged periods in the temperature range of 60 ~ 70°C can cause the modori phenomenon (gel degradation), leading to reduce the gel strength of surimi. Thus, it is essential to pass through this temperature zone as soon as possible during the preparation of surimi gel. The relationship between the internal microstructure of surimi gel and the electrical parameters needs to be further investigated.Practical ApplicationsAs an emerging technology for food heat treatment, ohmic heating has the characteristics of uniform heating and fast heat production. As a homogeneous material, surimi is ideal for ohmic heating. However, the heating process is not easy to control when the electrical parameters are unknown, so the purpose of this study is to explore the changes of the electrical parameters of surimi at different heating rates and temperatures, provide data reference for the heat treatment of surimi by ohmic heating, and promote the application of ohmic heating in surimi processing.
Malignant transformation rate of oral leukoplakia in the past 20 years: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Guan Jing‐Yao , Luo Yong‐Hua , Lin Ye‐Yu , Wu Zhou‐Yang , Ye Jing‐Yi , Xie Si‐Ming , Li Jin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis meta‐analysis aimed to assess the rate of malignant transformation (MT) of oral leukoplakia (OL) and to study potential risk factors for the MT of OL into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodWe performed a bibliographic search on nine electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Wanfang Data, for data on the MT rate of OL. Possible risk factors were calculated using Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis and Open Meta [Analyst] software.ResultsThe pooled proportion of OL MT for the total population described in the 26 selected studies was 7.20% (95% confidence interval: 5.40–9.10%). Nonhomogeneous type lesions, higher grades of dysplasia, the location of the lesion (tongue and multifocal), and female sex had significant effects on the MT of OL.ConclusionOL tended to develop into OSCC (7.2%), and those with significant MT risk factors should be subjected to regular follow‐up and observation. However, we require large‐scale prospective studies to validate these results, together with unified clinicopathological diagnostic criteria, standardized risk factor recording/assessment methods, and long‐term follow‐up guidelines.