bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Formation of the Co-operative College and the Interwar Years
Authors: Woodin Tom , Vernon Keith , Shaw Linda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
War prevented further progress towards a new institution although summer schools and other educational initiatives, led by Fred Hall, proved popular. Co-operators demanded better educational provision and new legislation. However, relationships between the co-operative movement and the state seriously declined during the war, prompting a fundamental re-think of the movement’s political and educational stance. Co-operation was directly assaulted by the increasing power of corporate cartels, bolstered by influential press barons and acquiescent governments. It thus became even more imperative for the movement to instil and maintain co-operative ideals and identity among the membership. In the optimistic aftermath of the war, the 1919 Congress formally passed a resolution to bring the Co-operative College into being. Immediately, the College attracted a mix of students from the British movement and overseas, for instance from India, Australia and Sweden. The timing was unfortunate, as the series of interwar depressions made fundraising extremely difficult and a bespoke college edifice failed to materialise. A functioning college did take shape, albeit on a relatively modest scale, with a body of students from around the world, studying and living together. Co-operators continued to discuss what they meant by a college and what its role should be.
Searching for a New Identity, 2000–2019
Authors: Woodin Tom , Vernon Keith , Shaw Linda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
From the 1990s, a re-ignition of interest in co-operatives took place in a rapidly globalising world, a process which gained further momentum in the wake of the 2007–2008 financial crises. Under Mervyn Wilson, the College sold Stanford Hall and moved back to Manchester where, in the absence of a regular cohort of students, it searched for a new working model based upon supporting existing and new forms of co-operative and mutual enterprise. It established a new Heritage Trust to maintain the National Co-operative Archive and Rochdale Pioneers Museum. International development work was developed through funded projects working with many partners. Domestically, diverse training activities were carried out. Courses on values and principles were essential for the College and co-operative movement although this connection became more tenuous after the restructure of the Co-operative Group. The College also became more of an independent institution. It supported attempts to harness co-operative values to the provision of a wide range of services and businesses. Most notable was a rapid growth of ‘co-operative schools’ and an attempted co-operative university. Following the Covid pandemic, the College moved towards online learning in attempting to balance educational innovation and financial stability.
Sicherheitsmechanismen des Cloud-Computings zur Verwendung in Korrekturverfahren
Authors: Krahn Robert , Fetzer Christof 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Das folgende Kapitel bietet einen Einblick in Sicherheitsmechanismen des Cloud-Computings, insbesondere im Hinblick auf den Schutz sensibler Daten und die sichere Ausführung von Anwendungen wie z. B. Korrekturverfahren. Beleuchtet wird das Thema Confidential Computing, um zu zeigen, wie Daten und Programme in unsicheren Umgebungen kryptografisch geschützt werden können. Im Fokus stehen Lösungen wie Intel-SGX und das SCONE-Framework. Leser erhalten wertvolle Einblicke, wie sie mit modernen Methoden die Datensouveränität wahren und Anwendungen (z. B. die Berechnung von Temperaturmodellen) auch auf externen Servern absichern können.
Eigenschaftsmodellbasierte Korrektur
Authors: Spierling Robert , Dehn Mathias , Plum Franziska , Brecher Christian 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die eigenschaftsmodellbasierte Korrektur ist eine sogenannte Grey-Box-Korrektur. Sie zeichnet sich durch einen mittleren Abstraktionsgrad aus und weist noch einen Bezug zu den für thermo-elastische Fehler ursächlichen physikalischen Phänomenen der Wärmelehre auf. Der Bezug wird durch die Verwendung von Verzögerungsgliedern niedriger Ordnung (PT-Glieder) als Ansatzfunktion zur Abbildung des Maschinenverhaltens hergestellt, vgl. Abb. 1.
Strukturmodellbasierte Korrektur
Authors: Müller Jens , Thiem Xaver , Ihlenfeldt Steffen 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der strukturmodellbasierten Korrektur ist es, thermo-elastische Fehler an Werkzeugmaschinen steuerungsintegriert zu korrigieren. Sie wird in Abb. 1 anhand der thermo-elastischen Wirkungskette eingeordnet. Die strukturmodellbasierte Korrektur nutzt physikalisch basierte Modelle, das können z. B. Finite-Element-Modelle oder Knotenpunktmodelle sein.
Whole genome characterization of Listeria welshimeri isolates recovered from cattle abattoirs and retailers in Gauteng province in South Africa
Authors: Gana James , Pierneef Rian Ewald , Gcebe Nomakorinte , Moerane Rebone , Adesiyun Abiodun Adewale 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to characterize 12 isolates of L. welshimeri recovered from the beef production chain in Gauteng province, South Africa. Two sequence types (STs) were identified, with ST3294 accounting for 75% (9/12) and ST1084 for 16.7% (2/12) of the isolates. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) plasmids detected included conjugative plasmid (MOBP2; T_virB11; virb4) in 58.3% and AMR plasmid (NFO33156) in 41.7% of the isolates. Two AMR genes, fosX (25%) and vga (G) (100%), along with 11 virulence factors, were present in all 12 isolates of L. welshimeri. The phylogenomic tree of L. welshimeri clustering based on the ST according to the source, type, and class of beef and beef products revealed three groups: ST3294 (n = 9), ST1084 (n = 2), and unassigned ST (n = 1). The findings of this study demonstrate the potential for transferring genetic materials from non-pathogenic L. welshimeri to pathogenic L. monocytogenes within the same ecological niche.
Machining and deformation response of wrought and additively manufactured 316L stainless steel under cryogenic cooling and dry condition
Authors: Kitay Ozhan , Kaynak Yusuf 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study presents evidence of a machining-induced deformation layer in a powder bed fusion–laser beam (PBF-LB) manufactured 316L stainless steel and the subsequent effect on surface integrity characteristics in terms of microstructure, microhardness, and residual stress. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) was observed in the specimen subjected to orthogonal cutting under dry condition due to the slip mechanism, whereas dislocation-induced plastic deformation activity was observed in cryogenic cutting condition. The results show that cryogenic coolant improved the chip breakability of both PBF-LB and wrought material and also reduced the friction coefficient by 22% for PBF-LB and 28% for wrought. The findings from this present study also reveal that machining of additively manufactured 316L requires more cutting force than wrought. Chip morphology analysis shows that the chip thickness of the additively manufactured specimens is much larger than wrought sample. High-speed cutting of both wrought and additively manufactured machined specimens results in compressive residual stress, which is good for fatigue life. Plastic deformation occurred at a strain rate of 105 s−1. As a new finding, while the effect of cutting condition on strain rate was limited, a higher strain rate was realized for wrought compared to PBF-LB.
Development of an SI traceable value assigned amino acid matrix-matched material to underpin European external quality assessment
Authors: Whyte Emily , Carling Rachel , Cowen Simon , Sears Patrick , Hopley Chris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plasma amino acid analysis plays a vital role in monitoring inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs), such as phenylketonuria (PKU), where dietary therapy is the cornerstone of management and patients are regularly monitored using blood or plasma phenylalanine throughout life. Recent findings from external quality assessment (EQA) schemes demonstrate large variability between results from different clinical laboratories. EQA schemes are hampered by factors including suboptimal sample type and frequency of distributions. Aiming to harmonise and standardise EQA schemes, this paper describes value assignment of an SI traceable matrix-matched amino acid material, and its use in an interlaboratory comparison (ERNDIM QAA-2106 study) that included 89 clinical laboratories from throughout Europe. The outcomes of the interlaboratory comparison are valuable in enabling clinical laboratories to refine their methodologies and, in a longer term, will lead to enhanced accuracy of results in clinical measurements and, ultimately, improved patient care in IMD management. A frozen, pooled human plasma sample was distributed to participating laboratories (n = 88). The sample was value assigned for phenylalanine by the National Measurement Laboratory (NML) traceable to the international system of units (SI), at approximately the target value for dietary monitoring of phenylketonuria (360 µmol/L). Participants used their routine method of analysis to measure 24 amino acids in triplicate and results were compared against desirable analytical performance. Mean intra- and inter-laboratory variability were acceptable for 20/20 and 19/20 amino acids respectively. Mean bias relative to the consensus values was acceptable for 17/20 amino acids. Overall performance of phenylalanine was acceptable; however, 15/87 laboratories failed to meet acceptable imprecision and 8/87 had unacceptable bias; additionally, an overall negative bias for phenylalanine measurement was identified. This study demonstrates the importance of ensuring a matrix material with an assigned value of the analyte(s) of interest (traceable to the SI) is available for regular EQA. The significant bias in the routine measurement of phenylalanine identified has the potential to impact disease management, which aims to control blood phenylalanine concentrations for preventing adverse neurological outcomes.
Acromioclavicular dislocation associated with fracture of the coracoid process: a series of cases and review of the literature
Authors: Combalia Andrés , Combalia Maite , Muñoz-Mahamud Ernest 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Complete acromioclavicular (AC) dislocation associated with fracture of the coracoid process (CP) is uncommon. The strong coracoclavicular ligaments, instead of rupture, may avulse the CP near its base, and with disruption of the AC joint may allow complete dislocation of the clavicle. We report ten cases, one of the largest series in literature, and reviewed the findings and treatment previous reported cases, to allow potential readers to establish the most appropriate treatment.

Methods
We have prospectively collected those cases in which we had identified an association of an AC dislocation with a fracture of the CP, as well as retrospectively reviewed the records that were coded as AC dislocations and CP fracture looking for this association in the senior author institutions. A literature search was completed on PubMed, Web of Science and Scholar Google, using a sensitive search strategy.

Results
We have collected a total of ten patients with the association of a CP fracture to an AC dislocation in a period of twenty-five years. A review of the cases reported in literature shows a great variability in treatment methods from conservative to more surgically in recent years.

Conclusions
When an AC dislocation is identified by clinical examination and X-rays, one should be aware of a possible fracture of the CP. It is possible this association to be more frequent than shown in literature because of the CP fracture can easily be missed out or mistaken with an unfussed epiphysis in routine anteroposterior radiography. Multiple approaches have been opted for by surgeons to deal with this combined injury and are the basis of this review.
Aortic, musculoskeletal and organ characteristics on computed tomography in knee osteoarthritis – an explorative study in the IMI-APPROACH cohort
Authors: Harlianto Netanja I. , de Jong Pim A. , Foppen Wouter , Bennink Edwin , Bunk Stijn , Mastbergen Simon C. , Vorselaars Adriane D. M. , Voortman Mareye , Kloppenburg Margreet , Blanco Francisco J. , Haugen Ida K. , Berenbaum Francis , Popuri Karteek , Beg Mirza Faisal , Jansen Mylène P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The systemic associations with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are incompletely understood. This study explores aortic disease, musculoskeletal and organ findings in patients with KOA in relation to their symptoms or radiographic abnormalities. Full body computed tomography (CT) scans of 255 IMI-APPROACH participants were investigated using an automated analysis of multislice CT (Voronoi Health Analytics) that extracts aortic size and calcifications, and volumes and densities of bones, muscles, fat compartments and thoracic and abdominal organs. The CT measurements were primarily related to KOA as measured with Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), visual scores and automated knee radiograph analysis of osteophytes, bone sclerosis and joint space width. The median age was 67 years, body mass index (BMI) 26.8 kg/m2 and 78% were female. About half had Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥ 2. Larger knee osteophyte area was associated with a larger aortic volume (RSpearman=0.21,P = 0.001), which can be due to elongation or dilatation. We observed an association between more symptoms and increased psoas (RSpearman=-0.23,P < 0.001) and lower leg (RSpearman=-0.23,P < 0.001) muscle density, suggesting less microscopic muscle fat. Symptomatic KOA was associated with substantially lower lung volume (771 ml difference between 50% worst and 50% best WOMAC), but not with visible lung disease. Lung volume and density were significantly associated with the physical functioning WOMAC component. These associations remained significant after adjustment for age, sex and BMI. KOA is associated with significant systemic changes, including altered aortic and organ volumes. These correlations suggest that KOA’s impact may extend beyond the joints. Future research should explore the causal relationships and therapeutic implications associations.
Neurosurgical site infections: a retrospective monocentric study of pediatric brain tumor patients
Authors: Enrico Giorgia , Fusco Eleonora , Palmetti Matteo , Mussa Federico , Sardi Iacopo , Chiappini Elena , Galli Luisa , Venturini Elisabetta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This retrospective monocentric study aims to describe the characteristics of neurosurgical site infections (n-SSI) in neurooncological pediatric patients. The primary goal was to assess infection rates and identify common pathogens in this population.

Methods
We considered pediatric patients (0–18 years) who underwent neurosurgery for brain tumors at Meyer Children’s Hospital in Florence between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021. Children with suspected/confirmed n-SSI were included. Data were retrospectively collected from patients’ medical records, and covered tumor and surgery type, presence of foreign bodies, microbiological findings, and treatment. Infections were classified into categories according to literature. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results
Of 352 children undergoing neurosurgery, 43 (12.22%) had suspected/confirmed n-SSI, with a confirmed infection rate of 4%. The most frequent n-SSI was postoperative meningitis (37.2%), followed by wound infections (25.6%). A foreign body was present in 74.4% of cases. The most prevalent pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (40%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (33%). Lumbar puncture (LP) performed before antibiotics significantly increased pathogen isolation (p = 0.01). Most patients (95.3%) had fever, and 53.5% had CSF leakage. Antibiotic therapy was administered in all cases, and 65.1% required therapy adjustment. No significant correlation was found between foreign body and clinical symptoms or microbiological positivity.

Conclusion
The study reveals a high rate of n-SSI, emphasizing the importance of early diagnostic measures like LP to improve microbiological diagnosis and optimize antimicrobial treatment. The most frequent pathogen was S. aureus; however, the absence of methicillin-resistant strains is notable. These findings highlight the role of a multidisciplinary approach in managing n-SSI and the potential for n-SSI to delay adjuvant cancer treatments.
Association between lumbar paraspinal muscle activities and quality in chronic low back pain: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Zhang Tianwei , Firouzabadi Ali , Becker Luis , Schönnagel Lukas , Yang Daishui , Liu Sihai , Arampatzis Adamantios , Reitmaier Sandra , Schmidt Hendrik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the associations between electromyography (EMG) activity and key muscle quality parameters, including cross-sectional area (CSA), functional cross-sectional area (FCSA), fat area (FA), and fat infiltration (FI), in individuals with chronic low back pain (cLBP) and those without back pain (no-BP). The objective was to explore how variations in muscle quality affect muscle activation patterns in the erector spinae (ES) and multifidus (MF) muscles during a standardized lifting task in both groups.

Methods
A total of 102 participants were enrolled, comprising 60 individuals with cLBP and 42 without back pain. Muscle activation was measured using a bipolar wireless EMG system during the performance of a 10 kg lifting task. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess muscle quality indicators (CSA, FCSA, FA, and FI) at the L3 level for the ES muscle and the L5 level for the MF muscle. Linear regression models were applied to examine the associations between EMG activity and muscle quality metrics, with adjustments for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI).

Results
In the no-BP group, significant negative associations were found between CSA, FCSA, and EMG activity in the ES muscles (p < 0.05). However, in the cLBP group, no significant associations were observed between CSA or FCSA and EMG activity. Instead, there was a significant negative association between EMG activity and FA/FI in the ES muscles of the cLBP group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Muscle quality, particularly fat infiltration, appears to have a greater impact on the amplitude of muscle activities in cLBP patients compared to CSA and FCSA. In contrast to the no-BP group, CSA and FCSA were not significantly associated with muscle activation in the cLBP group, highlighting the need for rehabilitation strategies focused on reducing fat infiltration to improve muscle performance in these patients.
A national study of burnout, psychosocial work environment, and moral distress among neurosurgical doctors in Denmark
Authors: Jensen Thorbjørn Søren Rønn , Hakon Jakob , Olsen Markus Harboe , Gulisano Helga Angela , Obbekjær Tina , Poulsen Frantz Rom , Mathiesen Tiit Illimar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Burnout is a condition of mental, emotional, and physical enervation affecting personnel working in human services and has been reported high among neurosurgical doctors. However, previous burnout reports are based on low response rates and measured by the Maslach Burnout inventory, which for several reasons has proven problematic. Burnout has not previously been investigated among neurosurgical doctors in Denmark. With this study we measure the prevalence of burnout among neurosurgical doctors in Denmark with sustainable methodology and a clinically relevant burnout interpretation.

Methods
Burnout was measured among neurosurgical doctors in Denmark using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) consisting of three subscales measuring personal burnout, work-related burnout and patient-related burnout. To gain better understanding of factors contributing to burnout, the psychosocial working conditions and moral distress was measured using the Danish Psychosocial Work Environment Questionnaire (DPQ) and a questionnaire of eight items previously used to assess moral distress.

Results
With 73 responders and a response rate of 90.1%, clinically relevant burnout was reported in 27.4% in personal burnout, 16.5% in work-related burnout and 5.5% in patient-related burnout. Cohort members with children living at home experienced a significant higher degree of burnout regarding work-related burnout and patient-related burnout.
Within the DPQ domains of ‘Demands at work’ and ‘Work organization and job content’, several moderate to strong correlations were observed between specific sub-dimensions and both personal and work-related burnout. Higher levels of the domain ‘Interpersonal relations’ was moderately correlated with lower levels of both personal and work-related burnout. In the testing of moral distress, only 2 responders (2.7%) scored as ‘somewhat injured’.

Conclusion
Neurosurgical doctors in Denmark report relatively low prevalence of clinically relevant burnout. However, doctors with children living at home exhibited higher levels of work- and patient-related burnout. Our findings highlight the psychosocial work environment as a significant factor contributing to burnout, while moral distress appears to have a limited impact on the development of burnout in the study population.
Higher-order thermal modeling and computational analysis of laser ablation in anisotropic cardiac tissue
Authors: Bianconi Federica , Leoni Massimiliano , Petras Argyrios , Schena Emiliano , Gerardo-Giorda Luca , Gizzi Alessio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Laser ablation techniques employ fast hyperthermia mechanisms for diseased-tissue removal, characterized by high selectivity, thus preserving the surrounding healthy tissue. The associated modeling approaches are based on classical Fourier-type laws, though a limited predictivity is observed, particularly at fast time scales. Moreover, limited knowledge is available for cardiac tissue compared to radiofrequency approaches. The present work proposes a comprehensive modeling approach for the computational investigation of the key factors involved in laser-based techniques and assessing the outcomes of induced cellular thermal damage in the cardiac context. The study encompasses a comparative finite element study involving various thermal and cellular damage models incorporating optical–thermal couplings, three-state cellular death dynamics, and a second-order heat transfer formulation generalizing the classical Fourier-based heat equation. A parametric investigation of the thermal profiles shows that higher-order models accurately capture temperature dynamics and lesion formation compared with the classical Fourier-based model. The results highlight the critical role of cardiac anisotropy, influencing the shape and extent of thermal damage, while the three-state cell death model effectively describes the transition from reversible to irreversible damage. These findings demonstrate the reliability of higher-order thermal formulations, laying the basis for future investigations of arrhythmia management via in silico approaches.