bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous Paths of Industrialization
Authors: Huneeus Federico , Rogerson Richard 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Industrialization experiences differ substantially across countries. We use a benchmark model of structural change to shed light on the sources of this heterogeneity and, in particular, the phenomenon of premature deindustrialization. Our analysis leads to three key findings. First, benchmark models of structural change robustly generate hump-shaped patterns for the evolution of the industrial sector. Second, heterogeneous patterns of catch-up in sectoral productivities across countries can generate variation in industrialization experiences similar to those found in the data, including premature deindustrialization. Third, differences in the rate of agricultural productivity growth across economies can account for the majority of the variation in peak industrial employment shares.
Harnessing venture capital in China
Authors: Xu Yan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article studies the development and distinct features of China’s venture capital (VC) market, now the world’s second largest. I show that the Chinese state has creatively adapted its involvement in VC to harness it for industrial policy—by working with private investors to target startups in key sectors, rendering state activism and vibrant entrepreneurship mutually supportive. This adaptation and China’s embrace of transnational VC have created two varieties of VC with distinct investment patterns. Whereas return-driven VC, much raised overseas, has been active in backing platform companies, policy-guided VC has bet heavily on startups in prioritized sectors. This article challenges the view that vibrant VC and entrepreneurship are products of liberal market economies and the top-down portrayal of China’s political economy. It also adds to the understanding of state–market relations in China by illuminating the process of adaptation and reinvention and by studying China through an explicitly comparative lens.
Myopia and sleep in children—a systematic review
Authors: Liu Xiao Nicole , Naduvilath Thomas John , Sankaridurg Padmaja R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Worldwide, approximately one in three people are myopic or short-sighted. Myopia in children is of particular concern as younger onset age implies a higher risk of progression, and consequently greater risk of developing vision-threatening complications. The importance of sleep in children’s health has long been acknowledged, but evidence for its role in childhood myopia is fairly new and mixed results were presented across studies. To facilitate better understanding of this relationship, a broad literature search, up to and including October 31, 2022, was performed using three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Scopus). Seventeen studies were included in the review, covering four main aspects of sleep, namely duration, quality, timing, and efficiency, and their associations with myopia in children. The present literature review discussed these studies, revealed potential limitations in their methodologies, and identified gaps that need to be addressed in the future. The review also acknowledges that current evidence is insufficient, and the role of sleep in childhood myopia is far from being fully understood. Future studies that primarily, objectively, and accurately assess sleep and myopia, taking other characteristics of sleep beyond duration into consideration, with a more diverse sample in terms of age, ethnicity, and cultural/environmental background, and control for confounders such as light exposure and education load are much needed. Although more research is required, myopia management should be a holistic approach and the inclusion of sleep hygiene in myopia education targeting children and parents ought to be encouraged.
Artificial warming affects sugar signals and flavonoid accumulation to improve female willows’ growth faster than males
Authors: Fu Mingyue , Liao Jun , Liu Xuejiao , Li Menghan , Zhang Sheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Increasing global warming is severely affecting tree growth and development. However, research on the sex-specific responses of dioecious trees to warming is scarce. Here, male and female Salix paraplesia were selected for artificial warming (an increase of 4 °C relative to ambient temperature) to investigate the effects on morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular responses. The results showed that warming significantly promoted the growth of female and male S. paraplesia, but females grew faster than males. Warming affected photosynthesis, chloroplast structures, peroxidase activity, proline, flavonoids, nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) and phenolic contents in both sexes. Interestingly, warming increased flavonoid accumulation in female roots and male leaves but inhibited it in female leaves and male roots. The transcriptome and proteome results indicated that differentially expressed genes and proteins were significantly enriched in sucrose and starch metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. The integrative analysis of transcriptomic, proteomic, biochemical and physiological data revealed that warming changed the expression of SpAMY, SpBGL, SpEGLC and SpAGPase genes, resulting in the reduction of NSCs and starch and the activation of sugar signaling, particularly SpSnRK1s, in female roots and male leaves. These sugar signals subsequently altered the expression of SpHCTs, SpLAR and SpDFR in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, ultimately leading to the differential accumulation of flavonoids in female and male S. paraplesia. Therefore, warming causes sexually differential responses of S. paraplesia, with females performing better than males.
Analysis of rail–bridge interaction of a high-speed railway suspension bridge under near-fault pulse-type earthquakes
Authors: Yu Xiangdong , Jiang Bangzheng , Jing Haiquan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to the limitations of railway route selection, some high-speed railways are inevitably built near or across fault zones. To study the distribution of rail–bridge interaction under different load history states of suspension bridges under three types of near-fault pulse-type earthquakes, this paper takes China's longest high-speed railway suspension bridge—Wufengshan Yangtze River Bridge—as the background and establishes a spatial model of the rail–bridge interaction of a suspension bridge. The results show that: under the constant load state, the distribution of additional force under three types of pulse-type earthquakes is generally consistent, and pulse-type earthquakes produce more significant responses than non-pulse-type earthquakes; with fling-step pulse being the largest, it is advised to specifically consider the influence of the fling-step pulse in the calculation. Under the initial condition of the main beam temperature loading history, all rail-bridge additional forces increase significantly, particularly affecting the steel rail system. The value of the rail–bridge interaction additional force under the near-fault earthquake in the initial state of the suspension bridge when the train deflection load is loaded from the tower to the mid-span is more significant and particularly unfavourable. The initial effect of the braking load will weaken the effect of the deflection load loading history. The results of the study indicate that the effect of the initial state of suspension bridges is an important factor influencing the rail–bridge interaction under near-fault pulse-type earthquakes, which needs to be considered in future seismic design.
Evolutionary changes in the number of dissociable amino acids on spike proteins and nucleoproteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Božič Anže , Podgornik Rudolf 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The spike protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for target recognition, cellular entry, and endosomal escape of the virus. At the same time, it is the part of the virus that exhibits the greatest sequence variation across the many variants which have emerged during its evolution. Recent studies have indicated that with progressive lineage emergence, the positive charge on the spike protein has been increasing, with certain positively charged amino acids (AAs) improving the binding of the spike protein to cell receptors. We have performed a detailed analysis of dissociable AAs of more than 1400 different SARS-CoV-2 lineages, which confirms these observations while suggesting that this progression has reached a plateau with Omicron and its subvariants and that the positive charge is not increasing further. Analysis of the nucleocapsid protein shows no similar increase in positive charge with novel variants, which further indicates that positive charge of the spike protein is being evolutionarily selected for. Furthermore, comparison with the spike proteins of known coronaviruses shows that already the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 spike protein carries an unusually large amount of positively charged AAs when compared to most other betacoronaviruses. Our study sheds light on the evolutionary changes in the number of dissociable AAs on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, complementing existing studies and providing a stepping stone towards a better understanding of the relationship between the spike protein charge and viral infectivity and transmissibility.
XIThe Eighteenth Century
Authors: Turner Joseph , Milne Fiona , Carver Dylan , Bender Ashley 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter has four sections: 1. General and Prose; 2. The Novel; 3. Poetry; 4. Drama. Section 1 is by Joseph Turner; section 2 is by Fiona Milne; section 3 is by Dylan Carver; section 4 is by Ashley Bender.
Do mismatched genitalia promote mechanical isolation in syntopic species of Phalloceros fishes (Poeciliidae)?
Authors: Jennings W Bryan , Souto-Santos Igor C A , Buckup Paulo A , Zandonà Eugenia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The elucidation of mechanisms responsible for the reproductive isolation of species is a fundamental part of speciation research. South American poeciliid fishes in the genus Phalloceros represent a promising system in which to study the evolution of reproductive barriers between closely related species. Phalloceros are often found in sympatry with non-sister congeners, and most such species pairs have morphologically divergent female and male genitalia. In recent studies, it has been hypothesized that mismatched genitalia between co-occurring Phalloceros species might act as mechanical barriers to prevent hybridization and might help to explain the diversification of this group. However, this idea has not yet been evaluated empirically with genetic data. Here, we tested this hypothesis using morphological data in conjunction with mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. Our study focused on Phalloceros anisophallos and Phalloceros leptokeras, two non-sister species that have mismatched genitalia and that occur together in at least four rivers in south-eastern Brazil. Despite the prevalence of hybridization between closely related non-sister species of animals, especially fish, our phylogenetically-based results detected no evidence of mitonuclear discordance and (hence historical hybridization) between the two focal species. Our findings are therefore consistent with the hypothesis that mismatched genitalia prevent hybridization between sympatric species of Phalloceros fishes.
Clinical Efficacy of an Astragalus and Atractylodes Recipe for Treating Early Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Meta-analysis of Evidence-Based Studies
Authors: Sun Panpan , Zhao Yirui , Huang Yonghao , Chen Lei , Wei Lai , Wang Yarong 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
In the clinical practice of different medical practitioners, the therapeutic effect of astragalus and atractylodes recipe (AAR) on early diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is obvious, but there is a lack of large sample data to support it. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of AAR for treating early DKD.

Methods:
Reports published in the following databases from inception to January 26, 2022 were retrieved: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Sinomed, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the use of AAR for treating early DKD were considered, with relevant data extracted and quality evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration System Evaluation Method. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results:
Thirteen articles that included a total of 928 patients were considered. Based on the meta-analysis, the total efficacy of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (odds ratio [OR]: 4.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.78, 6.70; P < 0.0001). The treatment group outperformed the control group in terms of blood-fat total cholesterol (TC, SMD: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.26; P < 0.00001), triglyceride (TG, SMD: 0.83, 95% CI: 1.47, 0.19; P = 0.01), serum creatinine (Scr, SMD: 1.55; 95% CI: 2.28, 0.82; P = 0.02), blood urea nitrogen (BUN, SMD: 0.77; 95% CI: 1.47, 0.07; P = 0.03), and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER, SMD: 1.55; 95% CI: 2.28, −0.82; P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Use of an AAR for treating diabetic kidney disease improved clinical outcomes versus conventional treatment alone, without compromising patient safety.
Validation of the YuWell YE660D oscillometric upper-arm blood pressure monitor for clinic and home in general population according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization Universal Standard (International Organization for Standardization 81060-2:2018) and the International Organization for Standardization Amendment 1. 2020
Authors: Zhang Hui-Jie , Peng Yue , Zhang Juan , Zhang Jin , Teng Li-Ni , Zhang Shu-Juan , Zhou De-Jun , Long Ming-Zhi 
Published: June 2023

Objective
To evaluate the accuracy of the YuWell YE660D oscillometric upper-arm blood pressure (BP) monitor in general population (for clinic and home BP measurements in adults) according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization (AAMI/ESH/ISO) Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2 : 2018) and its Amendment 1. 2020.

Methods
Subjects were recruited to fulfill the age, sex, BP and cuff distribution criteria of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard in general population using the same arm sequential BP measurement method. Two cuffs of the test device were used for arm circumferences 22–32 cm (standard) and 22–45 cm (wide range).

Results
Ninety-two subjects were recruited and 85 subjects were analyzed. For validation criterion 1, the mean ± SD of the differences between the test device and reference BP readings was 0.3 ± 7.2/2.2 ± 5.5 mmHg (systolic/diastolic). For validation criterion 2, the SD of the averaged BP differences between the test device and reference BP per subject was 6.1/4.8 mmHg (systolic/diastolic).

Conclusion
The YuWell YE660D oscillometric upper-arm electronic BP monitor has passed the requirements of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2 : 2018) and its Amendment 1. 2020 in adults and hence can be recommended for home and clinical use.
Different time points, different blood pressures: complexity of blood pressure measurement in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Lan Shan , Zhang Yazhen , Wang Jing , Wu Zhibin , Chen Shanying 
Published: June 2023

Objective
We used our established database to investigate predialysis blood pressure (BP) measurements at different time points.

Methods
Our study period spanned from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. The different time points included: the long interdialytic interval versus the short interdialytic interval; different hemodialysis shifts. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association between BP measurements and different time points.

Results
A total of 37 081 cases of hemodialysis therapies were included. After a long interdialytic interval, predialysis SBP and DBP were significantly elevated. Predialysis BP was 147.72/86.73 mmHg on Monday and 148.26/86.52 mmHg on Tuesday, respectively. Both predialysis SBP and DBP were higher in the a.m. shift. The mean BP in the a.m. and p.m. shifts were 147.56/87 mmHg and 144.83/84.64 mmHg, respectively. In both diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic nephropathy patients, higher SBP measurements after a long interdialytic interval were observed; however, in diabetic nephropathy patients, we did not find significant differences in DBP among different dates. In diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic nephropathy patients, we observed that the effect of different shifts on BP was similar. In Monday, Wednesday and Friday subgroups, the long interdialytic interval was also associated with BP; however, in Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday subgroups, different shifts but not the long interdialytic interval was associated with BP.

Conclusion
The long interdialytic interval and different hemodialysis shifts have a significant effect on predialysis BP in patients with hemodialysis. When interpreting BP in patients with hemodialysis, different time points is a confounder.
Metacognitive Beliefs and Metacognitive Capacity
Authors: Ayala Alexandra , Mickens Jessica L. , Myers Evan J. , Abel Danielle B. , Hegwood Ceouna M. , Davis Beshaun J. , Lysaker Paul H. , Minor Kyle S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Metacognition has been defined several ways across different fields. In schizophrenia, two primary approaches to assessing metacognition focus on measuring metacognitive beliefs and metacognitive capacity. The degree of association between these two approaches is unclear. In this pilot study, schizophrenia (n = 39) and control (n = 46) groups were assessed using metacognitive beliefs (Metacognition Questionnaire-30) and metacognitive capacity (Metacognition Assessment Scale-Abbreviated) scales. We also examined how these two approaches predicted quality of life. Results showed anticipated differences for metacognitive beliefs, metacognitive capacity, and quality of life when comparing schizophrenia and healthy control groups. However, metacognitive beliefs and metacognitive capacity were not significantly related and only predicted quality of life in the healthy control group. Although preliminary, these findings suggest that these two approaches have a limited relationship with one another. Future studies should test these findings in larger samples and focus on examining associations at different levels of metacognitive functioning in those with schizophrenia.
Borderline Personality Organization as an Aid in Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Jackson Daniel , McLawhorn Donald E. , Pal Sutanaya 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
There are subsets of patients whose presentations elude a precise diagnosis. All diagnoses are asymptotic to nature as they are constructs imposed on the world. Nonetheless, a greater degree of accuracy and precision is possible and beneficial for most patients. This is particularly true for patients with borderline personality organization (BPO) who present with psychotic symptoms. For the purposes of avoiding a misconstrual of the meaning of psychotic experiences in these patients, a brief synopsis of borderline personality organization, in contradistinction to borderline personality disorder, may prove to be of some clinical utility. The BPO construct presciently anticipates the trend toward a dimensional model of personality disorders and has the potential to enrich and inform these developments.
Profunda Artery Perforator Flap Tongue Reconstruction: An Effective and Safe Alternative to the Anterolateral Thigh Flap
Authors: Ismail Tarek , Padilla Pablo , Kurlander David E. , Corkum Joseph P. , Hanasono Matthew M. , Garvey Patrick B. , Chang Edward I. , Yu Peirong , Largo Rene D. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap is a workhorse flap for tongue reconstruction. The authors present an alternative option using the profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap for glossectomy reconstruction compared with the ALT flap.

Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted of 65 patients who underwent subtotal or total glossectomy reconstruction between 2016 and 2020 (46 ALT versus 19 PAP flaps). Flap volume was assessed using computed tomography scans at two different time points. Quality of life and functional outcomes were measured using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for Head and Neck Cancer.

Results:
Patients receiving a PAP flap had significantly lower body mass index compared with those receiving an ALT flap (22.7 ± 5.0 versus 25.8 ± 5.1; P = 0.014). Donor-site and recipient-site complications were similar, as was the mean flap volume 7 months after surgery (30.9% for ALT versus 28.1% for PAP; P = 0.93). Radiation and chemotherapy did not appear to have a significant effect on flap volume change over time. The most frequently reported high-severity items in MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for Head and Neck Cancer were swallowing/chewing and voice/speech for both cohorts. Patients who had reconstruction with a PAP flap had significantly better swallowing function (P = 0.034).

Conclusions:
Both the PAP and ALT flaps appear to be safe and effective choices for subtotal and total tongue reconstruction. The PAP flap can serve as an alternative donor site, especially in patients with low body mass index and thin lateral-thigh thickness undergoing reconstruction of extensive glossectomy defects.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Avoiding Pretarsal Denervation in Lower Blepharoplasty Incisions: Refined Pretarsal Motor Nerve Anatomy
Authors: Choi Yeop , Kim In-Beom 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Pretarsal atrophy is not uncommonly found in patients who have undergone a transcutaneous or transconjunctival lower blepharoplasty because of intraoperative denervation of the pretarsal orbicularis oculi. The motor-supplying concept to the lower eyelid was recently updated; however, there have not yet been any guidelines to preserve motor nerves in lower blepharoplasty incisions based on the refined knowledge.

Methods:
Forty-six fresh cadaveric hemifaces were examined to find a safe zone for a lower blepharoplasty muscle incision and a danger zone for an infraorbital incision in the transblepharoplasty midface approach. In addition, practical anatomy about the pretarsal motor supply was also investigated in detail.

Results:
The medial, lateral, superior, and inferior borders of the safe zone for a lower blepharoplasty muscle incision were 9.4 mm from the medial canthus line, 3 mm from the lateral canthal crease, and 6.0 and 6.5 mm from the eyelid margin, respectively. The danger zone for an infraorbital incision ranged from 9.4 mm medial to the midpupillary line to 9.7 mm lateral to the midpupillary line. The motor nerve in the danger zone abutted the distal roof of the preseptal pocket, making it vulnerable to electrocautery heat. Motor nerve distribution of the lower pretarsal orbicularis oculi was fully identified.

Conclusions:
There is a safe zone for the lower blepharoplasty muscle incision which, if adhered to, will preserve the pretarsal motor supply and prevent muscle atrophy. There is an infraorbital danger zone, where surgeons should pay special attention to avoid electrocautery heat injury.