bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GOING LOW: LOW MODULUS GRAFT-FREE 3D-PRINTED TITANIUM INTERBODY CAGES SHOW COMPARABLE BONE FORMATION TO PEEK WITH GRAFT
Authors: Woodfield T. , Shum J. , Linkhorn W. , Gadomski B. , Puttlitz C. , McGilvray K. , Seim H. , Nelson B. , Easley J. , Hooper G.J. 
Published: February 2023

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) interbody fusion cages combined with autologous bone graft is the current clinical gold standard treatment for spinal fusion, however, bone graft harvest increases surgical time, risk of infection and chronic pain. We describe novel low-stiffness 3D Printed titanium interbody cages without autologous bone graft and assessed their biological performance in a pre-clinical in vivo interbody fusion model in comparison to the gold standard, PEEK with graft.Titanium interbody spacers were 3D Printed with a microporous (Ti1: <1000μm) and macroporous (Ti2: >1000μm) design. Both Ti1 and Ti2 had an identical elastic modulus (stiffness), and were similar to the elastic modulus of PEEK. Interbody fusion was performed on L2-L3 and L4-L5 vertebral levels in 24 skeletally mature sheep using Ti1 or Ti2 spacers, or a PEEK spacer filled with iliac crest autograft, and assessed at 8 and 16 weeks. We quantitatively assessed bone fusion, bone area, mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate. Functional spinal units were biomechanically tested to analyse range of motion, neutral zone, and stiffness. Results: Bone formation in macroporous Ti2 was significantly greater than microporous Ti1 treatments (p=.006). Fusion scores for Ti2 and PEEK demonstrated greater rates of bone formation from 8 to 16 weeks, with bridging rates of 100% for Ti2 at 16 weeks compared to just 88% for PEEK and 50% for Ti1. Biomechanical outcomes significantly improved at 16 versus 8 weeks, with no significant differences between Ti and PEEK with graft.This study demonstrated that macroporous 3D Printed Ti spacers are able to achieve fixation and arthrodesis with complete bone fusion by 16 weeks without the need for bone graft. These significant data indicate that low-modulus 3D Printed titanium interbody cages have similar performance to autograft-filled PEEK, and could be reliably used in spinal fusion avoiding the complications of bone graft harvesting.
Investigation of Depth Camera Potentials for Variable-Rate Sprayers
Authors: Jeon Hongyoung , Zhu Heping 
Published: February 2023

HighlightsA commercial depth camera with a custom-designed graphical user interface was evaluated to detect tree canopy.Measurement variations under different indoor conditions were negligible for practical applications.Measurement errors ranged from 2.8% to 15.8%, which were acceptable for outdoor applications.Variation of crabapple canopy detection rate was less than 6% from sunrise to sunset.Abstract. To reduce crop protection product use and environmental impacts while maintaining application efficacy and convenience for applicators, an automatic variable rate sprayer coupled with a canopy detection sensor is required. A commercial depth camera was tested as a means of detecting the canopy of ornamental and tree crops for the sprayer. A custom-designed graphical user interface was developed to control the depth camera and save RGB and IR images and depth data to a local computer. Indoor evaluations showed that measurements could be influenced by the temperature and illumination; however, the influence was minimal, with a relative error of less than 1% and a maximum difference of 14 mm between the average measurements. The depth camera was able to detect a 31% to 72% area of a 20-mm wide target, and the rates went up 72% to 89% when the target width increased to 40 mm. The depth camera showed acceptable performance in detecting canopy contour changes and had measurement errors of 2.8% to 15.3% while detecting the distances to outdoor crabapple and oak trees. In addition, the depth camera detected tree canopy in various outdoor conditions from sunrise to sunset with reasonable accuracy (less than 10% of relative errors). In terms of measurement stability, the depth camera detected crabapple canopy with less than 6% variations under various illuminations between sunrise and sunset. The results suggested that the performance of the depth camera was adequate for detecting canopy under outdoor conditions for future variable-rate spray applications in ornamental and tree crop production. In addition, the study outlined the performance of the depth camera, which provided a guideline for future applications. Keywords: Machine Vision, Precision Agriculture, Specialty Crop, Stereo Vision, Variable Rate Application.
Optimized Chassis Stability Relative to Dynamic Terrain Profiles in a Self-Propelled Sprayer Multibody Dynamics Model
Authors: Adams Bailey , Darr Matthew , Shah Aditya 
Published: February 2023

HighlightsThis study presented a new optimization methodology using a prismatic joint with high stiffness and damping.The virtual suspension model contained the main bodies, an optimization subsystem, and a free-floating cylinder.Under aggressive terrain, an optimized chassis platform resulted in a 19.5% increase in boom height stability.Abstract. Multibody dynamics (MBD) models are continuing to be valuable for engineering design and product development, especially regarding subsystem optimization. Most MBD optimization processes begin with a sensitivity analysis of treatment factors and levels to understand how uncertainty in model inputs can be attributed to different sources of uncertainty within model outputs; however, this study developed a new MBD methodology to automatically determine the optimized dynamic chassis suspension responses on each corner of the vehicle from a single simulation for a self-propelled sprayer model as the chosen application use-case. This technique leveraged a prismatic joint (with a high spring stiffness and damping coefficient) connected between the chassis mainframe and the simplified optimization tire to create a distance constraint that held the chassis body at a near-consistent height above the ground. Then the solver optimized the response of the chassis suspension system to maintain a stable chassis platform relative to the terrain beneath it as the vehicle traversed across dynamic terrain conditions. This optimization response was also accomplished by replacing the baseline chassis suspension components with a free-floating cylinder, which permitted the unrestricted, optimized motion needed to keep the chassis body at a near-level position with respect to the roll and pitch profiles of the terrain. For a simulation with an aggressive terrain configuration, the analysis showed that an optimized suspension system resulted in a 46% decrease in operator comfort and a 19.5% increase in overall boom height stability as the boom height control system better maintained a dynamic position closer to the specified target height. Keywords: Boom height, Chassis suspension, Multibody dynamics (MBD), Optimization, Prismatic joint, Simulation, Terrain.
Laser Frequency Conversion Technology and Application
Authors: Yao Jian-quan 
Published: February 2023

I. Past of Nonlinear Optical Frequency Conversion Technology
• Material: KTP, ADP, LiNbO3(MgO:LiNbO3), LiIO3, BNN.
• Technology: SHG, THG, OPO.
• Application:
– SHG ( and THG) of Nd:YAG Laser
– Visible and near-infrared.
Multiphoton Ionization for the Production of X-Ray Laser Plasmas
Authors: Corkum P. B. , Burnett N. H. 
Published: February 2023

In the long wavelength (or high intensity) limit, above threshold ionization (ATI) is primarily the result of the interaction of a newly freed electron with the laser field. A classical model of ATI predicts that the energy of a newly released electron can be controlled by varying the laser wavelength and polarization. Similar predictions are made by Keldysh-style theories. Measurements, performed using both linearly and circularly polarized picosecond 10 μm pulses, confirm these conclusions.
Cold, high-Z plasmas for recombination XUV lasers can be produced by multiphoton ionization with linearly polarized visible or UV radiation. Hot electrons, potentially suitable for electron-pumping of ionization-phase XUV lasers can be produced using longer wavelength or circularly polarized light.
Studies of Hot, Solid Materials Produced by an Ultrashort Pulse Laser
Authors: Milchberg H. M. , Freeman R. R. 
Published: February 2023

A series of ultrashort pulse laser-solid interaction experiments have been performed using copper and aluminum which illustrate charge transport properties of these strongly heated materials at near-solid density. In aluminum, as a Drude metal at the laser wavelength, the transport is seen to be strongly dominated by collisions with the appearance of a minimum mean free path. In copper, band absorption of the laser light is seen to be a strong process even at ~ 50 eV temperatures.
In the context of using ultra-short pulse laser-produced plasmas as a source of ultrashort pulse soft X-rays, evidence is presented that heat loss mechanisms in these hot solids may not be sufficiently rapid to result in subpicosecond soft X-ray bursts.
Gain Guided X-Ray Beams
Authors: Fill Ernst E. 
Published: February 2023

It is shown that with gain and index profiles of typical x-ray laser experiments the x-ray beam is guided by the gain profile rather than defocussed by the refractive index distribution. An arbitrary beam generated within the medium or injected into the medium is quickly transformed into a ’matching’ beam, propagating without change. The effective gain of the matching beam is somewhat, lower than the gain at the maximum of the gain distribution.
If the gain distribution exhibits a small curvature in direction of beam propagation the effective gain is dramatically reduced.
Quantum Memory, Quantum Phase Gate and Polarization Entangled Photon Pairs in a Coherent Atomic System
Authors: Gu Ying , Li Pengbo , Gong Qihuang , Guo Guangcan 
Published: February 2023

It is known that photons are the ideal carriers of quantum information and ensemble of atoms can be acted as the long lived storage and processing units. In the coherently prepared atomic ensemble with the light resonantly interacting with the atoms, various schemes have been proposed to implement quantum state transfer and storage, quantum phase gate, generation of entangled photons, and the long-distance quantum communication [1].
We first proposed the dark-state polaritons in a five-level M-type atomic ensemble in the electro magnetically induced transparency (EIT) [2], Under conditions of the low excitation limit and adiabatic following, the quantum field can be mapped onto the atomic polarization states, forming the shape preserving quantum states of polaritons. Two channels for robust quantum memory are provided.
Then, we investigated the nonlinear optical response of a five-level tripod atomic system in the EIT, and proposed a three-qubit phase gate protocol based on the fifth-order nonlinearity [3]. The cross phase modulation among three weak fields induced by the fifth-order nonlinearity in EIT can produce the phase shift of order n, which can be used to realize the three-qubit polarization phase gate.
Finally, we proposed a cavity-QED scheme that can effectively generate EPR polarization-entangled photon pairs [4], A four-level tripod atom successively couples to two high-Q optical cavities possessing polarization degeneracy, assisted by a classical π-polarized pump field. The stimulated Raman adiabatic passage process in the atom-cavity system is used to produce the polarization-entangled photon pairs. The proposal is particularly robust against atomic spontaneous decay. The above protocols should have potential applications in quantum information processing.
Network approaches and interventions in healthcare settings: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Saatchi Ameneh Ghazal , Pallotti Francesca , Sullivan Paul 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
The growing interest in networks of interactions is sustained by the conviction that they can be leveraged to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare delivery systems. Evidence in support of this conviction, however, is mostly based on descriptive studies. Systematic evaluation of the outcomes of network interventions in healthcare settings is still wanting. Despite the proliferation of studies based on Social Network Analysis (SNA) tools and techniques, we still know little about how intervention programs aimed at altering existing patterns of social interaction among healthcare providers affect the quality of service delivery. We update and extend prior reviews by providing a comprehensive assessment of available evidence.

Methods and findings
We searched eight databases to identify papers using SNA in healthcare settings published between 1st January 2010 and 1st May 2022. We followed Chambers et al.’s (2012) approach, using a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. We distinguished between studies relying on SNA as part of an intervention program, and studies using SNA for descriptive purposes only. We further distinguished studies recommending a possible SNA-based intervention. We restricted our focus on SNA performed on networks among healthcare professionals (e.g., doctors, nurses, etc.) in any healthcare setting (e.g., hospitals, primary care, etc.). Our final review included 102 papers. The majority of the papers used SNA for descriptive purposes only. Only four studies adopted SNA as an intervention tool, and measured outcome variables.

Conclusions
We found little evidence for SNA-based intervention programs in healthcare settings. We discuss the reasons and challenges, and identify the main component elements of a network intervention plan. Future research should seek to evaluate the long-term role of SNA in changing practices, policies and behaviors, and provide evidence of how these changes affect patients and the quality of service delivery.
The Routledge Pantomime Reader, 1800–1900, Jennifer Schacker and Daniel O’Quinn (eds) (2022)
Authors: Sladen Simon 
Published: February 2023

Review of: The Routledge Pantomime Reader, 1800–1900, Jennifer Schacker and Daniel O’Quinn (eds) (2022)
Abingdon and New York: Routledge, 456 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-36744-437-2, h/bk, £152
The Poetry of Simplicity: Fashion and Design According to Monica Bolzoni/Bianca e Blu, Monica Bolzoni, Curated by Anna Di Cesare
Authors: Vacirca Silvia 
Published: February 2023

Review of: The Poetry of Simplicity: Fashion and Design According to Monica Bolzoni/Bianca e Blu, Monica Bolzoni, Curated by Anna Di Cesare
La Galleria Nazionale, Rome, 14 December 2021–21 March 2022
The predictive effects of reading speed and positive affect on first and second language incidental vocabulary acquisition through reading an authentic novel
Authors: Reynolds Barry Lee , Ding Chen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of two learner-related factors on English as a first language (L1E) (n = 20) and English as a foreign language (EFL) (n = 20) learners’ incidental vocabulary acquisition through reading an authentic novel. Central to the study was the participants’ reading of the novel: A Clockwork Orange by British novelist Anthony Burgess. The novel contains slovos, which are words from nadsat, a foreignized argot used by the teenage gang members in the novel. Two unannounced tests followed the reading to measure the participants’ word meaning recall and recognition of target words. Regression analyses revealed that reading speed was a robust factor that affected both the L1E and the EFL learners’ acquisition of both word meaning recall and recognition; apparently, the faster the reading, the more words the readers acquired. However, positive affect, measured as reading enjoyment, did not turn out to be a factor in word acquisition. The findings indicate that the cognitive factor, i.e., reading speed, overrides the positive affect of reading enjoyment in determining L1E and EFL learners’ incidental vocabulary acquisition through reading. This research concludes with a discussion of the pedagogical implications of repeated and extensive reading, which promote the development of reading speed.
Effect of ketogenic diet on exercise tolerance and transcriptome of gastrocnemius in mice
Authors: Zhang Jie , Chen Bo , Zou Ke 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ketogenic diet (KD) has been proven to be an optional avenue in weight control. However, the impacts of KD on muscle strength and exercise endurance remain unclear. In this study, mice were randomly allocated to normal diet and KD groups to assess their exercise tolerance and transcriptomic changes of the gastrocnemius. KD suppressed body-weight and glucose levels and augmented blood ketone levels of mice. The total cholesterol, free fatty acids, and β-hydroxybutyric acid levels were higher and triglycerides and aspartate aminotransferase levels were lower in KD group. There was no notable difference in running distance/time and weight-bearing swimming time between the two groups. Furthermore, KD alleviated the protein levels of PGC-1α, p62, TnI FS, p-AMPKα, and p-Smad3, while advancing the LC3 II and TnI SS protein levels in the gastrocnemius tissues. RNA-sequencing found that 387 differentially expressed genes were filtered, and Cpt1b, Acadl, Eci2, Mlycd, Pdk4, Ptprc, C1qa, Emr1, Fcgr3, and Ctss were considered to be the hub genes. Our findings suggest that KD effectively reduced body weight but did not affect skeletal muscle strength and exercise endurance via AMPK/PGC-1α, Smad3, and p62/LC3 signaling pathways and these hub genes could be potential targets for muscle function in KD-treated mice.
A new freely-downloadable hands-on density-functional theory workbook using a freely-downloadable version of deMon2k
Authors: Oozeer Nabila B. , Ponra Abraham , Etindele Anne Justine , Casida Mark E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A hands-on workbook for density-functional theory (DFT) has been developed that can be used to provide practical teaching for students at the Masters or advanced undergraduate level that is free, can be used on a student’s own personal computer, and complements formal course work. The workbook is also very much intended to encourage students to explore program options, discover theory limitations, puzzle out what to do when the program does not work as expected, and to help students transition to thinking and using quantum chemistry programs as a researcher might do. After describing the structure of the workbook, we describe how the workbook has been used thus far as a teaching tool and as a useful step towards research-level problems.
Regulating Pt-based noble metal catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds: a mini review
Authors: Sui Chao , Ma Xiang Yu , Fu Wen Hui , Zeng Shi Ping , Xie Rui Rui , Zhang Zhi Ping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an important class of environmental pollutants, and there is much interest in China to eliminate such pollutants. Noble metal catalysts have long been a family of catalysts with high efficiency and good low-temperature catalytic activity. As a representative of the noble metals, Pt has been widely used. This paper reviews the research trend of Pt-based catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of VOCs, and it compares several important components of Pt-based catalysts. The size of Pt particles, supported carriers, and reaction mechanism are reviewed. Toluene in VOCs is the main research subject. The activity, stability, water resistance, and selectivity of a series of Pt-based catalysts are summarized.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO ÂMBITO DA GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS
Authors: Pereira Gonçalves Ísis , Paula Novello Tanise , Fernando Zepka Pereira Junior Errol 
Published: February 2023

Neste artigo procurou-se mostrar diversas práticas pedagógicas voltadas para a Educação Ambiental, realizadas com os sextos anos do Colégio Marista Graças. Fundamentando-se na utilização de uma metodologia que pudesse atingir os estudantes promovendo uma sensibilização para uma possível mudança de hábitos. Foram realizadas diversas práticas atreladas ao excesso de consumo que acaba gerando muitos resíduos, para que concomitante a isso começasse a ver uma consciência ambiental por parte de todos que frequentam o colégio. Buscando responder a situação-problema que norteou o projeto: Como conseguir a diminuição dos resíduos sólidos no Colégio Marista Graças através da Educação Ambiental?; foram realizadas diversas ações pelos estudantes, desde reflexões, debates, bem como atividades de inserção da consciência ambiental para um cuidado ao nosso planeta. Com relação as ações executadas, comprovou-se a eficácia e importância de se trabalhar a Educação Ambiental no âmbito escolar, como formação do indivíduo e a sociedade de uma forma geral. Este tema é de grande importância, pois o planeta vem vivendo consequências preocupantes diante de tal destruição. A Educação Ambiental é uma solução na formação do estudante, capaz de entender a problemática atual do meio ambiente e de realizar atos que contribuam a favor de um planeta mais sustentável.
ATENDIMENTO NUTRICIONAL E MULTIDISCIPLINAR A CRIANÇA E ADOLESCENTE COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 1
Authors: De Souza Silva Eduarda , Peter Gonçalves Bárbara , Boeira Scheer Betânia , Teresa Duarte Nogueira Maria , Dos Santos Vaz Juliana , Costa Valle Sandra 
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar as adaptações realizadas nas atividades extensionistas desenvolvidas pelo projeto “Assistência nutricional ambulatorial à crianças e adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo 1” durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus para manter a assistência prestada a jovens com DM de Pelotas e região. A partir de março de 2020 foram intensificadas as comunicações remotas realizadas por meio do grupo “Conectados a Saúde” no aplicativo de mensagens WhatsApp, tornando possível que a equipe se mantivesse informada sobre as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos pacientes, bem como prestasse esclarecimento para dúvidas e divulgação de informações pertinentes aos cuidados de saúde. No âmbito clínico, o projeto passou a organizar reuniões e atendimentos nutricionais de maneira remota através de vídeo chamadas e ligações telefônicas, além de ofertar de forma reduzida e com horários agendados os atendimentos presenciais no Ambulatório de Nutrição Pediátrica, localizado na Faculdade de Medicina, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Desde o início da pandemia foram realizados cento e quarenta atendimentos, com média de três atendimentos por paciente (N=42). No período de pandemia do novo coronavírus a equipe do projeto foi ampliada e houve a redefinição de ações extensionistas para que fossem atendidas as necessidades apresentadas pelo público-alvo. Ainda, foram estabelecidos atendimentos clínicos remotos que possibilitaram a assistência e prevenção precoce de agravos a saúde de crianças e adolescentes com DM tipo 1, assegurando o compromisso do projeto com o acesso a saúde de acordo com os princípios e as diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde.