bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuronal Blockade of Thyroid Hormone Signaling Increases Sensitivity to Diet-Induced Obesity in Adult Male Mice
Authors: Rial-Pensado Eva , Canaple Laurence , Guyot Romain , Clemmensen Christoffer , Wiersema Joëlle , Wu Shijia , Richard Sabine , Boelen Anita , Müller Timo D , López Miguel , Flamant Frédéric , Gauthier Karine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThyroid hormone increases energy expenditure. Its action is mediated by TR, nuclear receptors present in peripheral tissues and in the central nervous system, particularly in hypothalamic neurons. Here, we address the importance of thyroid hormone signaling in neurons, in general for the regulation of energy expenditure.We generated mice devoid of functional TR in neurons using the Cre/LoxP system. In hypothalamus, which is the center for metabolic regulation, mutations were present in 20% to 42% of the neurons.Phenotyping was performed under physiological conditions that trigger adaptive thermogenesis: cold and high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Mutant mice displayed impaired thermogenic potential in brown and inguinal white adipose tissues and were more prone to diet-induced obesity. They showed a decreased energy expenditure on chow diet and gained more weight on HFD. This higher sensitivity to obesity disappeared at thermoneutrality. Concomitantly, the AMPK pathway was activated in the ventromedial hypothalamus of the mutants as compared with the controls. In agreement, sympathetic nervous system (SNS) output, visualized by tyrosine hydroxylase expression, was lower in the brown adipose tissue of the mutants. In contrast, absence of TR signaling in the mutants did not affect their ability to respond to cold exposure.This study provides the first genetic evidence that thyroid hormone signaling exerts a significant influence in neurons to stimulate energy expenditure in some physiological context of adaptive thermogenesis. TR function in neurons to limit weight gain in response to HFD and this effect is associated with a potentiation of SNS output.
Similarity of adaptogenic effects of bioactive naftussya water and phytocomposition “Balm Truskavets’”
Authors: Popovych Igor L. 
Published: February 2023

Background. From previous studies, it is known about the adaptogenic properties of Naftussya bioactive water and the Ukrainian phytocomposition "Balm Truskavets’". Both adaptogens have a common component of the composition - polyphenols, which suggests the existence of similar effects on the parameters of the body responsible for adaptation. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis. Material and methods. The object of clinical-physiological observation were 30 practically healthy individuals of both sexes with dysfunction of the neuro-endocrine-immune complex as a manifestation of maladaptation. Before and after a one-week course of using Balm (10 people) or Naftussya water (20 people), plasma levels of the main adaptation hormones, parameters of electroencephalogram (EEG), heart rate variability (HRV), phagocytosis, leukocytogram, as well as acupuncture and bioelectrophotonics were recorded. Results. 39 parameters (18 EEGs, 8 HRVs, 5 biophysical, 4 phagocytosis, as well as the Popovych’s leukocytary adaptation index, triiodothyronine, testosterone and cortisol) were identified, the physiologically favorable changes of which are common to both adaptogenic means. Conclusion. The influence of adaptogens of various nature on the state of adaptation of the body is non-specific and is implemented through the neuro-endocrine-immune complex.
Effect of diet on body composition and performance parameters - VO2max, HR and power, among young football players
Authors: Mizera Krzysztof Maciej 
Published: February 2023

Nutrition acts an important role for soccer players as it provides energy and affects recovery after training.
Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the method and quality of nutrition of young football players and the impact of nutrition on VO2max, power, heart rate and somatic parameters.
Results: The obtained results indicate that with the increase in calories and nutrients, the percentage of water in the body decreases. In other cases, increasing the amount of calories consumed is associated with an increase in BMI, fat content, lean body mass and muscle mass. VO2max did not correlate with any of the dietary parameters as did the number of breaths per minute. Heart rate results in most cases, when correlated with dietary parameters, produce an inversely proportional fit. Resting heart rate (HR) correlates with eight of the eleven deictic parameters, giving a level of compliance in the range of -0.48 to -0.73.
In the case of the size of the change in heart rate after exercise, its size is greater the more calories and nutrients are consumed by the test subjects. These correlations are then proportional. These results range from 0.52 to 0.75.
Conclusion: It is not the amount of calories consumed, but mainly carbohydrates that influence the weight of soccer players. On the other hand, the amount of calories and proteins consumed have an impact on the maximum power generated by players. The diet used by the players does not affect their VO2max and the number of breaths per minute, and the amount of calories and carbohydrates consumed affects the recovery time of the circulatory system (heart rate decrease) immediately after exercise.
The impact of using probiotics on metabolic disorders of women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Wesołowska Zuzanna , Zdun Sylwia , Walczak Klaudia , Gaweł Weronika , Jędruszczak Przemysław 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting women of reproductive age. The course is primarily associated with menstrual disorders, obesity, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. The gut microbiota dysbiosis theory (DOGMA), established in 2012, suggests a link between the composition of gut bacteria and the development of metabolic disorders. Other studies confirm this relationship. This article analyzes the effect of probiotic supplementation on the alteration of gut microbial flora and the course of PCOS.
Aim of the study: Aim of our study was to review the available studies on the effect of probiotic use on the course of polycystic ovary syndrome. We considered the influence of supplementation on body weight, insulin resistance and lipid profile of the women studied.
Methods and materials: This article is based on the literature found in PubMed Database with use of keywords such as “PCOS”; „polycystic ovary syndrome”; “probiotics”; „gut microbiota”; „gut microbiome”.
Results: The collective results of the reviewed literature indicate that probiotics may have a beneficial effect on the course of polycystic ovary syndrome. In a number of studies, their supplementation resulted in a decrease in weight, insulin, triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol. For fasting glucose, HOMAR-IR, total cholesterol and LDL fraction, the results were inconclusive.
Conclusion: Probiotics may have a positive effect on metabolic disorders in women with PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm the good effects of their use in treatment.
Effect of hypertension on uric acid metabolism in patients with gout
Authors: Dolenha Arsen , Ochał Justyna , Karwanska Aleksandra , Matyka Kamila , Uniłowska Izabela , Kojder Ewa , Kulbat Aleksandra , Dovzhuk Yuliia , Ferschke Anna , Szymczyk Aleksandra 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
The most common pаthologicаl condition аssociаted with gout is hypertension (HT). The mаin orgаn responsible for this process is the kidneys. The development of chronic tubulointerstitiаl nephritis in the course of gout leаds to ischemiа of the renаl pаrenchymа, аctivаtion of the renin-аngiotensin-аldosterone system (RAAS), sodium аnd wаter retention in the body, which leаds to the development of hypertension. The kidneys, on the other hаnd, аre responsible for the metаbolism аnd excretion of uric аcid from the body, so their dаmаge аccordingly leаds to the deteriorаtion of this process. In pаtients with gout, the level of uric аcid determines the severity of gouty аrthritis, dаmаge to blood vessels аnd joints. Therefore, it is extremely importаnt to know the specifics of uric аcid metаbolism in pаtients with gout, since the effectiveness of the prescribed hypouricemic therаpy depends on it.
Aim of the study
The аim of the study wаs to аnаlyze the metаbolism of uric аcid in pаtients with gout аnd concomitаnt аrteriаl hypertension, аnd to determine the impаct of concomitаnt metаbolic disorders on the excretory function of the kidneys.
Conclusion
The results of the conducted reseаrch prove thаt: 1. Pаtients with gout with concomitаnt hypertension hаve more pronounced metаbolic disorders thаn pаtients with gout without hypertension. This is mаnifested by impаired cаrbohydrаte tolerаnce, аn increаse in totаl cholesterol, triglycerides аnd а decreаse in HDL levels.2. Pаtients with gout аnd hypertension hаve deeper renаl dysfunction, which is mаnifested by а tendency to decreаse GFR аnd increаse creаtinine levels compаred to pаtients with gout without hypertensive syndrome.3. Violаtion of uric аcid metаbolism in pаtients with gout аnd аrteriаl hypertension is mаnifested by аn increаse in the reаbsorption process аnd а decreаse in the filtrаtion process of uric аcid, which results in higher rаtes of uricemiа.
Nutritional factors in the prevention and treatment of gout
Authors: Tomaszuk Sebastian , Wąsik Karolina , Wojtuś Magda 
Published: February 2023

Introduction and purpose: Despite the fact that effective urate lowering therapy and anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of gout are commonly available, there is considerable interest in novel treatment approaches. Gouty patients often have a multitude of comorbidities, which lead to concern over drug–drug interactions and medication adverse events. Thus, diet modifications are examined as a way of nonpharmacological treatment of gout. In this review, we explore the potential impact of nutritional factors on hyperuricemia and clinical gout outcomes. A search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholarship databases.
Brief description of the state of knowledge: Management in patients with gout should be holistic. Incorrect nutrition may lead to hyperuricemia. Studies to date suggest that avoidance of certain foods and beverages can decrease the frequency of gout flares. Weight loss may be beneficial for prevention as well as treatment of gout and its comorbidities. The impact of various types of diet on the course of gout has been given particular attention and recent research suggests that vegetarian, mediterranean and dash diets may be beneficial for gouty patients. Also, some vitamins and omega-3 PUFA have favorable effects and the potential clinical use in gout treatment.
Conclusions: We propose that simple dietary regimens may be beneficial to complement therapeutic management or contribute to the prevention of flares in gout patients. Although piecemeal modifications of various nutrients often provide incomplete dietary recommendations, understanding the role of nutritional factors in gout development would be helpful for patients in choosing their healthy diet.
Is the perception of physicians based on the type and colour of attire?
Authors: Kolasa Agata , Radziejowska Zuzanna , Bielak Alicja , Gryta Jakub , Iwan Karolina , Janczewska Martyna , Kalicka Maria , Krysa Tomasz , Szklarz Magdalena 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Patients’ confidence in a physician is influenced by many factors. Recent studies suggest that there’s an association between doctor’s attire and the way patients view physician’s trustworthyness, competence and empathy in various specialties and contexts of care. Along with the developement of medical attire market comes a need to understand how the choice of professional clothes infulences patients’ perceptions.
Purpose of the study: The aim of this study was to determine whether patients perception of physician and the confidence in professional skills is determined by the type and colour of doctor’s attire.
Materials and methods: We carried out literature search using English based databases (PubMed, Springer, Google Scholar) using key words: physician attire, profesionalism, scrubs, patients perception, psychology of colour. Most recent studies matching this criteria were analysed and those most relevant were picked for this review.
Results and conclusions: The assotiation between physician’s attire and patients’ perceptions is complex and depends on numerous factors including age, gender, geographic location and culture, as well as physician’s specialty and context of care. The white coat, despite latest research on it’s role in infections spread, remains an important attribute of a doctor. Physicians who wear white coats are viewed as more trustworthy, knowledgeable, competent and more caring. Colour of scrubs may serve as a valuable hospital personel identification tool. Various colours evoke possitive emotions in patients, navy blue, light blue and green remain the the colours of scrubs that patients perceive as the most professional and appropriate.
What is the role of the children's community nurse in childhood cancer care?
Authors: Green Georgina Elizabeth Rose 
Published: February 2023

Aim: To highlight the experiences of children's community nurses (CCNs) within cancer care and to identify their day-to-day roles and responsibilities. Method: Questionnaires were completed by 12 CCNs and oncology specialist nurses within London, these were analysed using a coding software. Findings: Children and their families perceive CCNs as knowledgeable, happy and friendly professionals, essential in reducing hospital admissions and who have a positive impact on a child and their family's well-being. The CCN has a varied role in cancer care, however, currently in the UK there is no framework specific to caring for a child at home with cancer. In response to the findings, one has been written to identify care needs and to emphasise service expectations. Conclusion: Specific training for caring for a child with cancer should be prioritised for all staff working within a CCN team and to ensure best practice, the framework should be implemented once reviewed and services re-evaluated.
Pregnancy outcomes after stoma surgery for inflammatory bowel disease: results of a multicentre retrospective audit
Authors: Blackwell Sue 
Published: February 2023

Background: Active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and IBD surgery can have a negative impact on ability to conceive a pregnancy many patients with stomas are concerned about pregnancy. Aim: This study aimed to describe IBD-related, stoma-related, obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies of women who had stomas formed for IBD prior to the reported pregnancies. Methods: A multicentre retrospective audit used routine records from 15 UK hospitals on women with IBD and pregnancy after stoma formation since 2014. Results: In one miscarriage, one stillbirth and 80 live births, delivery occurred in 58 cases by caesarean section (CS), of which 44 were elective and 14 emergency. The 73% CS rate compares to a national rate of 29.1%. There was a high rate of serious stoma complications at 24%, although most were managed conservatively. Conclusions: Guidance and patient information should be updated to facilitate early conversations with obstetric teams and counsel women about increased risk of planned CS after IBD surgery with a stoma.
The Fear of Freedom in Hyperreality and its Adverse Effect on Identity in Bret Easton Ellis’ American Psycho
Authors: Sharif Honya R. , Saeed Alan A. 
Published: February 2023

Neoliberal ideology immensely celebrated individual and collective freedom, yet fell short of realizing that freedom itself can sometimes be the cause of fear and anxiety. In seeking to “liberate” the processes of capital accumulation, neoliberalism essentially created a form of hypercapitalism: a relatively new form of capitalism marked by the advancement in technology, media, and virtual reality. This economic system lead to a fragmentation of social life by allowing commercial or business interests to penetrate every aspect of human experience, leading to, what Jean Baudrillard called, a hyperreal mode of existence. In Bret Easton Ellis’ American Psycho (1991), the notorious Wall Street banker, Patrick Bateman follows an apparent decline from a cynical misanthrope to a psychotic serial killer within the free-market hyperreal environment of the Reagan era. The novel portrays a nightmarish vision of freedom, the unbearable anxiety it creates, and individual’s psychological urge to flee from it. Through three socio-psychological mechanisms, Erich Fromm calls, automation conformity, authoritarianism, and destructiveness, Patrick attempts to flee from the freedom that brings anxiety with itself. Although these unconscious attempts are employed to sooth Patrick’s loneliness and alienation, they do not solve the underlying problem. The cost is a crisis of Patrick’s individuality, subsequently forfeiting all comprehension of his own selfhood and identity.
Post‐exercise hypotension in male spontaneously hypertensive rats: The issue of calculation method
Authors: Krzesiak Amandine , Lavoie Julie L. , Sebille Stéphane , Cognard Christian , Bosquet Laurent , Delpech Nathalie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn spontaneously hypertensive rats, exercise can lead to a post‐exercise decrease in blood pressure, named post‐exercise hypotension (PEH). This can be following physical training but also after a single bout of mild to moderate exercise when measured with tail‐cuff or externalized catheter methods. Our aim was to assess the PEH obtained with different calculation methods and to compare the magnitude of this effect induced by a moderate‐intensity continuous exercise or a high‐intensity intermittent exercise. Thirteen 16‐week‐old male spontaneously hypertensive rats performed two types of aerobic exercise (continuous or intermittent) on a treadmill. Arterial pressure was recorded by telemetry for 24 h which was started 3 h before physical exercise. Based on the literature, PEH was first evaluated with two different baseline values, and then with three different approaches. We observed that the identification of PEH depended on the method used to measure the rest value, and that its amplitude was also influenced by the calculation approach and the type of exercise performed. Hence, the calculation method and the amplitude of the detected PEH can significantly influence their physiological and pathophysiological inferences.
A role for β‐catenin in diet‐induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance
Authors: Masson Stewart W. C. , Dissanayake Waruni C. , Broome Sophie C. , Hedges Christopher P. , Peeters Wouter M. , Gram Martin , Rowlands David S. , Shepherd Peter R. , Merry Troy L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA central characteristic of insulin resistance is the impaired ability for insulin to stimulate glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. While insulin resistance can occur distal to the canonical insulin receptor‐PI3k‐Akt signaling pathway, the signaling intermediates involved in the dysfunction are yet to be fully elucidated. β‐catenin is an emerging distal regulator of skeletal muscle and adipocyte insulin‐stimulated GLUT4 trafficking. Here, we investigate its role in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Short‐term (5‐week) high‐fat diet (HFD) decreased skeletal muscle β‐catenin protein expression 27% (p = 0.03), and perturbed insulin‐stimulated β‐cateninS552 phosphorylation 21% (p = 0.009) without affecting insulin‐stimulated Akt phosphorylation relative to chow‐fed controls. Under chow conditions, mice with muscle‐specific β‐catenin deletion had impaired insulin responsiveness, whereas under HFD, both mice exhibited similar levels of insulin resistance (interaction effect of genotype × diet p < 0.05). Treatment of L6‐GLUT4‐myc myocytes with palmitate lower β‐catenin protein expression by 75% (p = 0.02), and attenuated insulin‐stimulated β‐catenin phosphorylationS552 and actin remodeling (interaction effect of insulin × palmitate p < 0.05). Finally, β‐cateninS552 phosphorylation was 45% lower in muscle biopsies from men with type 2 diabetes while total β‐catenin expression was unchanged. These findings suggest that β‐catenin dysfunction is associated with the development of insulin resistance.
Protein kinase D1 (Prkd1) deletion in brown adipose tissue leads to altered myogenic gene expression after cold exposure, while thermogenesis remains intact
Authors: Crowder Mark K. , Shrestha Shristi , Cartailler Jean‐Philippe , Collins Sheila 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBrown adipose tissue (BAT) has in recent times been rediscovered in adult humans, and together with work from preclinical models, has shown to have the potential of providing a variety of positive metabolic benefits. These include lower plasma glucose, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced susceptibility to obesity and its comorbidities. As such, its continued study could offer insights to therapeutically modulate this tissue to improve metabolic health. It has been reported that adipose‐specific deletion of the gene for protein kinase D1 (Prkd1) in mice enhances mitochondrial respiration and improves whole‐body glucose homeostasis. We sought to determine whether these effects were mediated specifically through brown adipocytes using a Prkd1 brown adipose tissue (BAT) Ucp1‐Cre‐specific knockout mouse model, Prkd1BKO. We unexpectedly observed that upon both cold exposure and β3‐AR agonist administration, Prkd1 loss in BAT did not alter canonical thermogenic gene expression or adipocyte morphology. We took an unbiased approach to assess whether other signaling pathways were affected. RNA from cold‐exposed mice was subjected to RNA‐Seq analysis. These studies revealed that myogenic gene expression is altered in Prkd1BKO BAT after both acute and extended cold exposure. Given that brown adipocytes and skeletal myocytes share a common precursor cell lineage expressing myogenic factor 5 (Myf5), these data suggest that loss of Prkd1 in BAT may alter the biology of mature brown adipocytes and preadipocytes in this depot. The data presented herein clarify the role of Prkd1 in BAT thermogenesis and present new avenues for the further study of Prkd1 function in BAT.