bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application Research of Optical Fiber Sensing Technology in Power Optical Fiber Communication Systems
Authors: Zhang Lujuan , Lei Yu , Luo Yuping , Tan Cuirong , Zhou Wen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The distributed optical fiber sensing system uses optical fiber as the sensing element and signal transmission medium at the same time, and adopts advanced Optical Time-domain Reflectometry (OTDR) technology to detect the changes of temperature and strain at different positions along the optical fiber, thus achieving a truly distributed measurement. Using the Micro-structured Optical Time-domain Reflectometry (M-OTDR) optical fiber sensing access network technology, combined with optical link components such as fault locators, can judge the operating status of optical fiber Composite phase cable (IOPPC) lines, and detect faults (such as breakpoints) in optical fiber communication location and diagnosis. The position of the lightning strike is determined by detecting the change of polarization state caused by the transmitted light in the optical fiber inside the IOPPC before and after a lightning strike, and the positioning error is less than 1%. By observing the Brillouin frequency shift chart, the ice state can be accurately identified and the positioning function can be realized. By monitoring the vibration frequency of the IOPPC cable, the line dancing phenomenon can be detected in time to prevent line faults caused by dancing. The online safety and health monitoring of the operating state of transmission lines are realized.
Power Line Data Online Acquisition System of Distribution Network Based on ZigBee
Authors: Zhang Zhanghuang , Tang Yuanchun , Shi Ying 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Energy Internet promotes the vigorous development of new access network services, which requires access networks to provide support for new services quickly, flexibly, and efficiently. The extension and penetration ability of the access network has been continuously enhanced, and it can adapt to the complex operating environment of the distribution side. Because it is close to the end of the power grid, the network is exposed to the public environment, and it is vulnerable to illegal intrusion, security protection, and other issues. In this paper, based on the ZigBee network, through the study of time series and ARIMA prediction model, first of all, the original data is analyzed in time series, then the data is stabilized. The model is determined and established, and finally, the simulation model is predicted. The test proves that the model studied in this paper has high acquisition accuracy and achieves prediction analysis. Timely warning of meteorological temperature is used as a part of the source data, which can save energy and reduce the acquisition cost while ensuring the amount of data collected.
Analysis of the Influence of Remanence on the Performance of Current Transformer Caused by DC Ice Melting of Transmission Lines
Authors: Zou Chenqiao , Peng Ping , Liu Yonggang , Xu Hao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper theoretically analyzes the performance changes of the measuring winding and protective winding of the current transformer behind the iron core of the DC ice melting current magnetized transformer. According to the actual ice melting situation, a finite element simulation model is established to calculate the electromagnetic field distribution inside the transformer, quantify the remanence generated by the ice melting, and design a verification test to measure the remanence and transmission characteristics of the current transformer after the ice melting current is magnetized. Based on theory, simulation, and experiment, suggestions for the treatment after ice melting are put forward.
VDCOL Parameter Optimization Method for Improving Voltage Stability of DC Receiving Terminal Power Grid
Authors: Cai Nan , Wang Wenlong , Huo Qidi , Lv Sizhuo , Hu Yuanting , Tang Xiaojun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This research based on different startup and operation modes of Heilongjiang receiving power grid, The influence of anti disturbance capability of converter bus on DC recovery characteristics. A VDCOL parameter optimization configuration scheme based on multi feed short circuit ratio (MSCR) is proposed. Through the DC near fault simulation analysis, it is verified that the proposed VDCOL parameter optimization scheme reduces the overall wattless power demand of converter station, and improve Heilongjiang receiving-end grid voltage stability.
Analysis and Optimization of the Impact of Distributed Generation Integration on Distribution Network Loss
Authors: Zhu Xiaofeng , Guo Tiebin , Qi Xuesong , Sun Jia , Guan Xiaozhuo , Li Zhenxin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The distribution loss of the distribution network has changed greatly because of the access of distributed generation, which has a certain impact on the power quality of the distribution network. In order to solve the above problems, this paper constructs a 10 kV grid model containing distributed generation, studies the impact of distributed generation on the distribution of network loss, and grasps the characteristics of network loss changes under different scales of distributed generation and different grid-connected conditions. Finally, this paper constructs a mathematical model containing distributed generation and proposes control measures to ensure the safe and stable operation of the grid.
Sliding Mode Control of PMSM Control Based on Novel Exponential Reaching Law
Authors: Zheng Chenyang , Qin Xin , Chen Guochu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To overcome the issue that the commonly used linear PI controller is not strong in the nonlinear system and cannot be satisfied with the performance requirements of fast and stable speed modulation of PMSM, a new type of exponential convergence law is devised on the basis of the exponential approximation law of conventional sliding mode controller to accelerate the convergence of the Speed control system and improve the jitter problem of the system. Three models of rotational speed controllers built in Simulink are compared in cases of no-load start-up and sudden load addition, and the new exponential reaching law presented in this article can be effective in improving the control performance of the system, strengthening the anti-disturbance capability and robustness of the Speed control system.
Application of direct energy balance control in Supercritical Unit Coordinated Control System
Authors: Si Ruicai , Wang Songhan , Dou Zhongzhou , Wang Zhongyan , Li Xiucheng , Sun Bo , Liu Xiwen , Li Jia , Zhou Chi , Liu Chao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The direct energy balance control strategy is analyzed and combined with the characteristics of supercritical units. The direct energy balance strategy is reconstructed. The reconstructed direct energy balance signal is applied to the boiler master control feedforward in the coordinated control, taking a power plant’s coordinated control system as an example, t. Thus, it is applied to the control of supercritical units, which improves the regulation quality of the control system in a steady and dynamic state, and effectively solves the problems of large fluctuation of mainstream pressure, locked increase, and decrease of load command, frequent withdrawal of coordinated control and unqualified AGC index.
Smart Substation Construction Scheme Based on Micropower Communication and Edge Internet of Things Agent
Authors: Kou Zheng , He WenHao , Na Qin , Yang Yue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the digital transformation of power grids has become a new trend in the development of power grid enterprises. As a key link, the digitalization and intellectualization of substations have been included in the development plans of major power grid companies. This paper introduces a construction scheme for smart substations. By deploying edge Internet of Things agents, the construction scheme from online monitoring of electrical quantities of electric power equipment to data edge aggregation and data application is realized, which provides an effective solution for the construction of smart substations.
Integral Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control of Synchronous Reluctance Motors
Authors: Chu ChunLin , You XiaoXiao , Sun BaoJiang , Zhang TianYuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problem of jitter in the speed when the load changes abruptly during the operation of a synchronous reluctance motor and the poor resistance to load disturbance, an integral type sliding film variable structure control algorithm is proposed. The speed regulation is controlled by sliding mode, PI controls the current regulation, the Simulink simulation model of the system is built, and simulation experiments are conducted. The results show that, compared with the traditional PI control, the system’s dynamic response is faster, the resistance to load disturbance is stronger, and the robustness is high.
A Method to Optimize the Inverse Operation of Electric Field Based on A Smart Algorithm
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Yang Shenglan , Lu li , Liu Wei , Jiang Zefeng , Yang Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Along with the progress of electric network scale, power load and transmission lines are also growing rapidly in China. In addition, the transmission state detection is getting more and more attention. The paper explored the electric field under the HV (high voltage) line of transmission and researched the inverse operation principle of electric field. To solve the multiple parameter solutions in electric field inversion, the paper proposed two smart algorithms. Firstly, the fitness function of voltage value is extracted, therefore inversion algorithm global optimization function of the electric field is proposed. Secondly, an example of HV transmission line verified the effectiveness of the inverse optimization algorithm. Last, the case results indicate that the optimization methods are effective and accurate.
What climate and environmental benefits of regenerative agriculture practices? an evidence review
Authors: Rehberger Emily , West Paul C , Spillane Charles , McKeown Peter C 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRegenerative agriculture aims to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) levels, soil health and biodiversity. Regenerative agriculture is often juxtaposed against ‘conventional’ agriculture which contributes to land degradation, biodiversity loss, and greenhouse gas emissions. Although definitions of regenerative agriculture may vary, common practices include no or reduced till, cover cropping, crop rotation, reduced use or disuse of external inputs such as agrichemicals, use of farm-derived organic inputs, increased use of perennials and agroforestry, integrated crop-livestock systems, and managed grazing. While the claims associated with some of these practices are supported by more evidence than others, some studies suggest that these practices can be effective in increasing soil organic carbon levels, which can have positive effects both agriculturally and environmentally. Studies across these different regenerative agriculture practices indicate that the increase in soil organic carbon, in comparison with conventional practices, varies widely (ranging from a nonsignificant difference to as high as 3 Mg C/ha/y). Case studies from a range of regenerative agriculture systems suggest that these practices can work effectively in unison to increase SOC, but regenerative agriculture studies must also consider the importance of maintaining yield, or risk the potential of offsetting mitigation through the conversion of more land for agriculture. The carbon sequestration benefit of regenerative practices could be maximized by targeting soils that have been intensively managed and have a high carbon storage potential. The anticipated benefits of regenerative agriculture could be tested by furthering research on increasing the storage of stable carbon, rather than labile carbon, in soils to ensure its permanence.
Laplacian dynamics of convergent and divergent collective behaviors
Authors: Tian Yang , Xu Yunhui , Sun Pei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Collective dynamics is ubiquitous in various physical, biological, and social systems, where simple local interactions between individual units lead to complex global patterns. A common feature of diverse collective behaviors is that the units exhibit either convergent or divergent evolution in their behaviors, i.e. becoming increasingly similar or distinct, respectively. The associated dynamics changes across time, leading to complex consequences on a global scale. In this study, we propose a generalized Laplacian dynamics model to describe both convergent and divergent collective behaviors, where the trends of convergence and divergence compete with each other and jointly determine the evolution of global patterns. We empirically observe non-trivial phase-transition-like phenomena between the convergent and divergent evolution phases, which are controlled by local interaction properties. We also propose a conjecture regarding the underlying phase transition mechanisms and outline the main theoretical difficulties for testing this conjecture. Overall, our framework may serve as a minimal model of collective behaviors and their intricate dynamics.
Syndication network associates with specialisation and performance of venture capital firms
Authors: Yao Qing , Ma Shaodong , Liang Jing , Christensen Kim , Jing Wanru , Li Ruiqi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Chinese venture capital (VC) market is a young and rapidly expanding financial subsector. Gaining a deeper understanding of the investment behaviours of VC firms is crucial for the development of a more sustainable and healthier market and economy. Contrasting evidence supports that either specialisation or diversification helps to achieve a better investment performance. However, the impact of the syndication network is overlooked. Syndication network has a great influence on the propagation of information and trust. By exploiting an authoritative VC dataset of thirty-five-year investment information in China, we construct a joint-investment network of VC firms and analyse the impacts of syndication and diversification on specialisation and investment performance. There is a clear correlation between the syndication network degree and specialisation level of VC firms, which implies that the well-connected VC firms are diversified. More connections generally bring about more information or other resources, and VC firms are more likely to enter a new stage or industry with some new co-investing VC firms when compared to a randomised null model. Moreover, autocorrelation analysis of both specialisation and success rate on the syndication network indicates that feature clustering of similar VC firms is roughly limited to the secondary neighbourhood. When analysing local feature clustering patterns, we discover that, contrary to popular beliefs, there is no apparent successful club of investors. In contrast, investors with low success rates are more likely to cluster. Our discoveries enrich the understanding of VC investment behaviours and can assist policymakers in designing better strategies to promote the development of the VC industry.
Path to the fabrication of efficient, stable and commercially viable large-area organic solar cells
Authors: Rasool Shafket , Yeop Jiwoo , Cho Hye Won , Lee Woojin , Kim Jae Won , Yuk Dohun , Kim Jin Young 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have reached an outstanding certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 19% in single junction and 20% in tandem architecture design. Such high PCEs have emerged with outstanding Y-shaped Y6 non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs), together with PM6 electron donor polymers. PCEs are on the rise for small-area OSCs. However, large-area OSC sub-modules are still unable to achieve such high PCEs, and the highest certified PCE reported so far is ∼12% having an area of 58 cm2. To fabricate efficient large-area OSCs, new custom-designed NFAs for large-area systems are imminent along with improvements in the sub-module fabrication platforms. Moreover, the search for stable yet efficient OSCs is still in progress. In this review, progress in small-area OSCs is presented with reference to the advancement in the chemical structure of NFAs and donor polymers. Finally, the life-cycle assessment of OSCs is presented and the energy payback time of the efficient and stable OSCs is discussed and lastly, an outlook for the OSCs is given.
A-287 UTILITY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN TI-RADS AND BETHESDA CLASSIFICATION TO ESTIMATE RISK OF MALIGNANCY FOR CYTOLOGICALLY INDETERMINATE THYROID NODULES
Authors: Chereau N , Menegaux F , Bertin J-B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Currently, we are directing therapeutic strategy based on the results of fine-needle aspiration biopsy defined by the Bethesda classification. The TI-RADS classification of ultrasound features can help surgeons to estimate the risk of malignancy (ROM). The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between the two classifications.

Methods
All patients who underwent a total or hemithyroidectomy from January 2021 to June 2022 in a high-volume endocrine surgery center were included in this study. The results of TI-RADS classification and Bethesda classification were collected, as well as the pathologic results. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine whether malignancy correlated with the Bethesda diagnosis and TI-RADS score.

Results
During the study period, 1903 patients had thyroid surgery including 848 (44.6%) who had a final pathologically verified thyroid cancer. Bethesda group III was associated with a ROM of 25.4%; in association with a TI-RADS 5 the ROM increased to 48.6%. Bethesda IV was associated with a ROM of 33.5% but, when combined with TI-RADS 3 or 5, the ROM ranged between 33.3 and 44.8% respectively. Bethesda 5 group was associated with a ROM of 81.8% and in combination with TI-RADS 5 score the ROM increased to 90.2%. Our model used the TI-RADS score to stratify the ROM for each Bethesda diagnostic group. We found that the model was more accurate than using the Bethesda diagnosis alone especially for estimation of ROM for Bethesda III thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda III.

Conclusion
Use of TI-RADS scores for each Bethesda diagnostic group allow a more accurate assessment of ROM for indeterminate thyroid nodules.
A-257 OMISSION OF LYMPH NODE DISSECTION IN MEDULLARY THYROID CANCER WITHOUT A DESMOPLASTIC STROMAL REACTION, COULD BE AN OPTION?
Authors: Gómez-Ramírez J , Luengo P , Muñoz de Nova J L , Ruz Caracuel I , Rosell A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Predictive criteria to determine the absence of node metastases from thyroid specimens are scarce for sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). It has been suggested that lymph node dissection could be avoided in patients with MTC without a desmoplastic stromal reaction (DSR-negative). The aim of our study was to perform analyse the correlation between DSR status and lymph node involvement in order to establish a criterion on which to base prophylactic surgery in these patients.

Methods
This was a multicentric retrospective cohort study of a prospectively maintained database of patients with medullary thyroid cancer treated in two tertiary hospitals using a standardised protocol and subdivided into DSR-negative and -positive groups. Intraoperative, long-term clinical and biochemical follow-up data were collected, and baseline parameters and histopathological characteristics were compared between groups.

Results
The study included 29 patients. In the DSR-negative group (24.1% of all tumours) no patient had central or lateral lymph node or distant metastases at diagnosis or during follow-up, and all patients were biochemically cured. In the DSR-positive group (75.9% all tumours), lymph nodes were present in 66% of patients. DSR-negative tumours were more often stage pT1a and levels of basal calcitonin were significantly lower.

Conclusion
Lymph node surgery may be individualised in medullary thyroid cancer based on intraoperative analysis of the DSR. Patients with DSR-negative tumours may not require lymph node dissection.
A-247 IMPACT OF ADRENAL SURGEON VOLUME ON OUTCOME: ANALYSIS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM REGISTRY OF ENDOCRINE AND THYROID SURGERY (UKRETS)
Authors: Rajan S , Abdelhamid A , Patel N , Stechman M , Balasubramanian S , Aspinall S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Although there is surgeon volume-outcome effect in adrenal surgery the threshold for ‘high volume’ surgeon remains controversial. This retrospective cohort study of the UKRETS database explores this issue further.

Methods
Adrenal data on adults aged 18–90 years from 2004 to 2021 was analysed. Outcomes included postoperative complications, post-operative, length of stay (LOS) and mortality. Factors included in multivariable analysis were patient age, gender, diagnosis, surgical approach, anatomy, and surgeon volume. Cases with missing data on any variable and LOS &gt; 60 days were excluded.

Results
Of 6174 operations, 4464 (72.3%) cases were analysed. Postoperative complications occurred in 418/4064 (9.4%) and mortality in 14/4064 (0.3%). Median LOS was 3 (IQR 2-5) days. Co-variables significantly (p&lt;0.05) associated with adverse outcomes were: postoperative complications - age [OR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01-1.03)], adrenal cancer [OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.14-2.36)], bilateral surgery [OR 1.66 (95% CI 1.03-2.69)] and surgeon volume [OR 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99)]; mortality - age [OR 1.08 (95% CI 1.03-1.13)], laparoscopic approach [OR 0.08 (95% CI 0.02-0.27)] and bilateral surgery [OR 6.93 (95% CI 1.40-34.34)] and LOS (standardised beta co-efficient) - male sex (-0.03), age (0.09), phaeochromocytoma (0.07), adrenal cancer (0.08), bilateral surgery (0.11), laparoscopic approach (-0.40) and surgeon volume (-0.06).

Conclusion
Surgery for adrenal cancer and bilateral tumours could be restricted to high volume surgeons, but the threshold still needs to be defined.