bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and characterization of tapered photonic crystal fiber for broadband 2 µm: four-wave mixing-based fibered OPCPA
Authors: Ahmedou Sidi-Ely , Walter Guillaume , Herbuvaux Jules , Dauliat Romain , Février Sébastien , Petit Stéphane , Valentin Constance , Marion Denis , Lhermite Jérôme , Labonté Laurent , Tanzilli Sébastien , Gérôme Frédéric , Debord Benoit , Benabid Fetah , Leconte Baptiste , Millot Guy , Roy Phillipe , Jamier Raphaël , Delagnes Jean-Christophe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present the simulation, fabrication, and characterization of large area microstructured fiber tapers which enables broadband phasematching conditions of the four wave-mixing process. These silica-based tapers are intended to serve as a nonlinear gain medium for intense and high average power Fiber Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplifier emitting at 2 $$\upmu \hbox {m}$$

μ
m

and strongly pumped at Yb wavelength. Different geometries (tapered/untapered, aspect ratio, etc.) are fabricated, analyzed and their broadening properties—key for supporting ultrashort pulses amplification—are compared and discussed. The characterization of nonlinear gain bandwidth of the tapers relies on a tunable source of stochastic pulses based on tunable amplified spontaneous emission in Yb-doped amplifiers. The strong overshoots of this source allows degenerate four-wave mixing process to occur thus generating broadband incoherent visible signal and mid-infrared idler waves at much lower average power than usually needed with coherent pumping. The idler centered around 1.85 $$\mu$$
μ
m is broadened due to zero-dispersion wavelength shift along the taper.
Epidemiology, outcomes, and prognostic factors in submandibular gland carcinomas: a national DAHANCA study
Authors: Westergaard-Nielsen Marie , Godballe Christian , Eriksen Jesper Grau , Larsen Stine Rosenkilde , Kiss Katalin , Agander Tina , Ulhøi Benedicte Parm , Charabi Birgitte Wittenborg , Klug Tejs Ehlers , Jacobsen Henrik , Johansen Jørgen , Kristensen Claus Andrup , Andersen Elo , Andersen Maria , Bjørndal Kristine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to present incidence, histological subtypes, survival rates, and prognostic factors based on a national cohort of patients with salivary gland carcinoma.MethodsAll Danish patients with submandibular gland carcinoma diagnosed from 1990 to 2015 (n = 206) were included and analyzed following histological re-evaluation. Data were collected by the Danish Head and Neck Cancer Group (DAHANCA). Overall, disease-specific and recurrence-free survival were evaluated. Prognostic factors were analyzed with multivariate Cox Hazard Regression.ResultsThe study population consisted of 109 (53%) men and 97 (47%) women, median age 62 years (range 11–102). Adenoid cystic carcinoma was the most frequent subtype (50%). Tumour classification T1/T2 (75%) and N0 (78%) was most frequent. The mean crude incidence was 0.17/100,000/year. Most patients (n = 194, 94%) were treated with primary surgery, and 130 (67%) received postoperative radiotherapy. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were for overall survival 64% and 41%, disease-specific survival 74% and 61%, and recurrence-free survival 70% and 56%, respectively. Survival rates were higher for adenoid cystic carcinoma compared to other subtypes, but the difference was not significant in multivariate analysis. Recurrence occurred in 69 patients, and 37 (53.6%) of them had recurrence in a distant site. Advanced T-classification and regional lymph-node metastases had significant negative impact on survival rates.ConclusionThe incidence of submandibular gland carcinoma in Denmark was 0.17/100,000/year and stable during the time period. The most frequent subtype was adenoid cystic carcinoma. Half of the recurrences presented in a distant site, and multivariate analysis confirmed that advanced stage was independent negative prognostic factor for recurrence and survival.
Gender differences in microRNA expression in levodopa-naive PD patients
Authors: Vallelunga A. , Iannitti T. , Somma G. , Russillo M. C. , Picillo M. , De Micco R. , Vacca L. , Cilia R. , Cicero C. E. , Zangaglia R. , Lazzeri G. , Galantucci S. , Radicati F. G. , De Rosa A. , Amboni M. , Scaglione C. , Tessitore A. , Stocchi F. , Eleopra R. , Nicoletti A. , Pacchetti C. , Di Fonzo A. , Volontè M. A. , Barone P. , Pellecchia M. T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGender is an important factor influencing epidemiological and clinical features of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We aimed to evaluate gender differences in the expression of a panel of miRNAs (miR-34a-5p, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-29a, miR-106a) possibly involved in the pathophysiology or progression of disease. Serum samples were obtained from 104 PD patients (58 men and 46 women) never treated with levodopa. We measured levels of miRNAs using quantitative PCR. Correlations between miRNA expression and clinical data were assessed using the Spearman’s correlation test. We used STRING to evaluate co-expression relationship among target genes. MiR-34a-5p was significantly upregulated in PD male patients compared to PD female patients (fc: 1.62; p < 0.0001). No correlation was found with age, BMI, and disease severity, assessed by UPDRS III scale, in male and female patients. MiR-146a-5p was significantly upregulated in female as compared to male patients (fc: 3.44; p < 0.0001) and a significant correlation was also observed between disease duration and mir-146a-5p. No differences were found in the expression of miR-29a, miR-106a-5p and miR-155 between genders. Predicted target genes for miR-34a-5p and miR-146-5p and protein interactions in biological processes were reported. Our study supports the hypothesis that there are gender-specific differences in serum miRNAs expression in PD patients. Follow-up of this cohort is needed to understand if these differences may affect disease progression and response to treatment.
Big data in contemporary electron microscopy: challenges and opportunities in data transfer, compute and management
Authors: Poger David , Yen Lisa , Braet Filip 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe second decade of the twenty-first century witnessed a new challenge in the handling of microscopy data. Big data, data deluge, large data, data compliance, data analytics, data integrity, data interoperability, data retention and data lifecycle are terms that have introduced themselves to the electron microscopy sciences. This is largely attributed to the booming development of new microscopy hardware tools. As a result, large digital image files with an average size of one terabyte within one single acquisition session is not uncommon nowadays, especially in the field of cryogenic electron microscopy. This brings along numerous challenges in data transfer, compute and management. In this review, we will discuss in detail the current state of international knowledge on big data in contemporary electron microscopy and how big data can be transferred, computed and managed efficiently and sustainably. Workflows, solutions, approaches and suggestions will be provided, with the example of the latest experiences in Australia. Finally, important principles such as data integrity, data lifetime and the FAIR and CARE principles will be considered.
Surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria: an analysis of data from the EUROCRINE registry
Authors: Hargitai L. , Clerici T. , Musholt T. J. , Riss P. ,   on behalf of the EUROCRINE council
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
EUROCRINE is an endocrine surgical register documenting diagnostic processes, indication for surgical treatment, surgical procedures, and outcomes. The purpose was to analyse data for PHPT in German speaking countries regarding differences in clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and treatment.

Methods
All operations for PHPT performed from 07/2015 to 12/2019 were analysed.

Results
Three thousand two hundred ninety-one patients in Germany (9 centres; 1762 patients), Switzerland (16 centres; 971 patients) and Austria (5 centres; 558 patients) were analysed. Hereditary disease was seen in 36 patients in Germany, 16 patients in Switzerland and 8 patients in Austria. In sporadic disease before primary operation, PET-CT showed the highest sensitivity in all countries. In re-operations, CT and PET-CT achieved the highest sensitivities. The highest sensitivity of IOPTH was seen in Austria (98.1%), followed by Germany (96.4%) and Switzerland (91.3%). Operation methods and mean operative time reached statistical significance (p<0.05). Complication rates are low. Overall, 656 (19.9%) patients were asymptomatic; the remainder showed bone manifestations, kidney stones, fatigue and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Conclusion
Early postoperative normocalcaemia ranged between 96.8 and 97.1%. Complication rates are low. PET-CT had the highest sensitivity in all three countries in patients undergoing primary operation as well as in Switzerland and Austria in patients undergoing re-operation. PET-CT could be considered a first-line preoperative imaging modality in patients with inconclusive ultrasound examination. The EUROCRINE registry is a beneficial and comprehensive data source for outcome analysis of endocrine procedures on a supranational level.
Periderm differentiation: a cellular and molecular approach to cork oak
Authors: Faustino Ana , Pires Rita Costa , Marum Liliana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCork oak is a unique species with the ability to produce a continuous and renewable cork throughout its lifespan. Periderm is a protective tissue composed of the phellem, phellogen, and phelloderm that replaces the epidermis. Phellem or “cork”, the outermost layer, is produced by the original phellogen, a secondary meristem originated from the dedifferentiation of mature parenchyma cells. The formation and differentiation of periderm have been widely studied demonstrating the importance of fatty acid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid, and metabolism of suberin, a complex glycerol-based polymer and the principal component of phellem. The contributions of several areas reveal new clues concerning the molecular mechanisms behind periderm differentiation. However, the whole process is still poorly understood. In this review, we compile information regarding the cellular structure and molecular basis, including the regulatory network of periderm formation and differentiation, focusing on the cork oak. The cork quality and its genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are also explored, highlighting the importance of molecular regulation in such economically important species. An increased understanding of the all periderm differentiation process may serve as a basis for future studies on functional genomics with an impact on fundamental science and on the forest industry for the production of high-quality cork.
Inklusionsarbeit der School Nurse
Authors: Kocks Andreas 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Lebensraum Schule sind Gesundheit und Krankheit wichtige Determinanten des Zusammenlebens. Insbesondere Kinder mit chronischen Krankheiten, immerhin etwa 20 %, stellen das derzeitige Schulsystem, die Kinder und ihre Familien vor große Herausforderungen. Psychische, psychosomatische, allergologische, endokrinologische, neurologische, kardiale Erkrankungen, Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Sinnesbeeinträchtigungen und andere gesundheitliche Probleme sind häufig Hindernisse für den regulären Schulbesuch oder gestalten diesen zumindest risikoreich. School Nurses haben in anderen Ländern (z. B. USA, England, Frankreich, die skandinavischen Länder und weitere) eine lange Tradition; in Österreich sind sie auf wenige Privatschulen und Modellprojekte begrenzt. School Nurses sind nicht nur primäre Ansprechpartner in Gesundheitsfragen; sie managen kleine und größere Gesundheitsprobleme, vermitteln zwischen Kindern, Eltern und Lehrkörper, wirken aufklärend und tröstend und vermitteln auch gesunde Lebensführung. Insbesondere unter dem Aspekt des inklusiven Unterrichts sind sie für die Schulzukunft unverzichtbar.
Schulen der Zukunft im Licht moderater Skepsis
Authors: Quesel Carsten 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Nordwestschweizer Bildungsdelphi versucht, bis 2023 Grundlagen für eine Neuorientierung der Schulentwicklung in den nächsten zwei Jahrzehnten durch einen Dialog von Schule, Hochschule, Blidungsverwaltung, Politik und Wirtschaft zu entwickeln. Der Zwischenbericht beleuchtet die bisherigen Ergebnisse selbstkritisch mit Rücksicht auf eine beschränkte Voraussagekraft sozialwissenschaftlicher Daten, die Kontingenz zeitdiagnostischer Vokabulare und die Risiken kollektiver Wahrnehmungsverzerrung.
Recovery of catalytic metals from leaching solutions of spent automotive catalytic converters using plant extracts
Authors: Nobahar Amir , Carlier Jorge Dias , Costa Maria Clara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of Cistus ladanifer L., Erica Andevalensis and Rubus idaeus L. as a green method for the recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs) from both synthetic unimetallic solutions and multimetallic solutions obtained from the leaching of two different spent automotive catalytic converters (SACC). Experiments with unimetallic solutions revealed that E. andevalensis and R. idaeus extracts could separate about 70% of Pd and less than 40% of other tested metals (Al, Ce, Fe and Pt) from the solutions. Then, application of the plant extracts to two different SACCs leachates showed that E. andevalensis and R. idaeus extracts can induce high precipitation (> 60%) of Pd and Pt with co-precipitation of less than 20% of other metals. UV–Visible spectra analysis confirmed the bio-reduction of Pd2+ ions into Pd0 nanoparticles by R. idaeus extract, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed the contribution of functional groups of the phytochemicals present in the extract (such as phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins) in the Pd2+ bio-reduction and stabilization. Afterward, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) analysis of the precipitate obtained from one leachate with R. idaeus extract demonstrated the presence of Pd particles along with organic compounds and particles containing other metals. Therefore, particles were subjected to a washing step with acetone for further purification. Finally, scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX) analysis showed the high purity of the final Pd particles and high-resolution STEM allowed to determine their size variation of 2.5 to 17 nm with an average Feret size of 6.1 nm and confirmed their crystalline structure with an interplanar lattice distance of ~ 0.22 nm. This green approach offers various benefits including simplicity of Pd separation from the leachates as valuable nanoparticles that makes the process more feasible from economic and environmental standpoints. A process cost of ~ 20 $/g of Pd particles recovered was estimated (excluding manpower).
Graphical abstract
Characterization and pathogenicity of multidrug-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolates in chickens
Authors: Sorour Hend K. , Shalaby Azhar G. , Abdelmagid Marwa A. , Hosny Reham A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe pathogenic potential of vancomycin and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (VMRCoNS) on Egyptian poultry farms has received little attention. Therefore, this study aims to study the prevalence of CoNS in imported poultry flocks and commercial poultry farms, evaluate the presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, and mecA), and assess their pathogenicity in broiler chicks. Seven species were identified among 25 isolates, such as 8 S. gallinarum, 5 S. saprophyticus, 5 S. chromogens, 3 S. warneri, 2 S. hominis, 1 S. caprae, and 1 S. epidermidis. All isolates were resistant to clindamycin, doxycycline, vancomycin, methicillin, rifampicin, and penicillin. The mecA gene was confirmed in 14 isolates, while the sed gene was revealed in seven isolates. Commercial 1-day-old Ross broiler chicks were divided into eight groups of three replicates (10 birds/group): group Ӏ was negative control; groups (П, Ш, IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII) were subcutaneously inoculated with 108 CFUml−1 of S. hominis, S. caprae, S. epidermidis, S. gallinarum, S. chromogens, S. warneri, and S. saprophyticus, respectively. Groups VIII and V had mortality rates of 100% and 20%, respectively, with no evidence of mortalities in the other groups. The highest re-isolation of CoNS species was recorded in groups VII, VIII, and V. Postmortem and histopathological examination revealed the common presence of polyserositis in the internal organs, and hepatic and myocardial necrosis in groups IV, V, and VI. These findings revealed the pathogenic potential of CoNS, so special attention must be directed toward their public health impact.
Diagnosing virtual patients: the interplay between knowledge and diagnostic activities
Authors: Fink Maximilian C. , Heitzmann Nicole , Reitmeier Victoria , Siebeck Matthias , Fischer Frank , Fischer Martin R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractClinical reasoning theories agree that knowledge and the diagnostic process are associated with diagnostic success. However, the exact contributions of these components of clinical reasoning to diagnostic success remain unclear. This is particularly the case when operationalizing the diagnostic process with diagnostic activities (i.e., teachable practices that generate knowledge). Therefore, we conducted a study investigating to what extent knowledge and diagnostic activities uniquely explain variance in diagnostic success with virtual patients among medical students. The sample consisted of N = 106 medical students in their third to fifth year of university studies in Germany (6-years curriculum). Participants completed professional knowledge tests before diagnosing virtual patients. Diagnostic success with the virtual patients was assessed with diagnostic accuracy as well as a comprehensive diagnostic score to answer the call for more extensive measurement of clinical reasoning outcomes. The three diagnostic activities hypothesis generation, evidence generation, and evidence evaluation were tracked. Professional knowledge predicted performance in terms of the comprehensive diagnostic score and displayed a small association with diagnostic accuracy. Diagnostic activities predicted comprehensive diagnostic score and diagnostic accuracy. Hierarchical regressions showed that the diagnostic activities made a unique contribution to diagnostic success, even when knowledge was taken into account. Our results support the argument that the diagnostic process is more than an embodiment of knowledge and explains variance in diagnostic success over and above knowledge. We discuss possible mechanisms explaining this finding.
Population structure and genetic variance among local populations of a non-native earthworm species in Minnesota, USA
Authors: Heimburger Bastian , Klein Andreas , Roth Alexander , Scheu Stefan , Eisenhauer Nico , Schaefer Ina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA variety of human activities have been identified as driving factors for the release and spread of invasive earthworm species in North America. Population genetic markers can help to identify locally relevant anthropogenic vectors and provide insights into the processes of population dispersal and establishment. We sampled the invasive European earthworm speciesLumbricus terrestrisat nine sites and several bait shops within the metropolitan area of Minneapolis-St. Paul in Minnesota, USA. We used microsatellite markers to infer genetic diversity and population structure, and 16S rDNA to address multiple introduction events, including bait dumping, which is a common source ofL. terrestrisintroductions into the wild. Our results indicate multiple introductions but not from current bait dumping. Overall, genetic structure was low and earthworms > 5,000 m apart were genetically differentiated, except for one sampling location, indicating jump-dispersal followed by population establishment. Further, earthworms at one location north of Minneapolis established from one or few founder individuals, suggesting that earthworm invasions are ongoing. We therefore encourage further monitoring of earthworm populations using molecular markers, in order to disentangle the different human-related vectors contributing to the spread of earthworms and their establishment, which is essential to develop adequate management strategies.
Highly hydrophobic and moisture barrier nanocellulose based films produced via spray deposition
Authors: Nadeem Humayun , Dehghani Mostafa , Miri Simin , Pazirofteh Mahdieh , Garnier Gil , Batchelor Warren 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNanocellulose (NC) films are gaining popularity in recent years owing to their recyclability and biodegradability; however, the commercialization of this material is limited by environmental and moisture barrier constraints. The incorporation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with NC significantly improved the barrier performance but the resultant films were quite hydrophilic and hence completely disintegrated in water. The aim of this study is to produce hydrophobic NC/CMC films without compromising their barrier characteristics. For this purpose, the optimized content of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) was spray-deposited on the fully and partially dried NC/CMC films and their hydrophobic, barrier and mechanical properties were assessed. The deposition of AKD has improved the hydrophobicity and flexibility while maintaining the barrier properties of the films. However, their tensile index values decreased by 26–29% as compared with the neat NC/CMC films, but the values remained in acceptable range. Additionally, the partially dried spray deposited AKD-NC/CMC films have shown superior results as they showed higher hydrophobicity (θ = 127° ± 3), while lower percentage of mass loss after immersion for 48 h in water (15%) as compared with the fully dried spray deposited AKD-NC/CMC films.
Graphical abstract
Multimodal Remote Research on Social Anxiety Using a New Teleconferencing Paradigm
Authors: Rubin Mikael , Gebhardt Eli S. , Malloy Luna , Telch Michael J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Social anxiety is a prevalent mental health concern. Models of social anxiety incorporate multifaceted components from cognitive appraisals to attention as factors maintaining the disorder. Multimodal research investigating multiple facets of social anxiety simultaneously offers an important avenue to advance our understanding of the disorder.

Methods
The current study tested a novel, internet-based simulated teleconferencing interaction social stressor challenge and included the collection of self-report, eye-tracking, and auditory vocal data during the challenge. Participants (N = 262) completed two interactions. The pre-recorded male and female audience members (assigned to display interest or uninterest) discussed a topic and then prompted the participant to speak on that topic.

Results
Fidelity indices revealed that most participants rated the interactions with the simulated audience as realistic; reported heightened subjective distress during the simulated teleconferencing interactions; and correctly rated audience members’ level of interest. As predicted, social anxiety predicted participants’ subjective distress during the simulated teleconferencing interactions. Findings from audio vocal and eye tracking analyses largely corresponded to prior research – indicating that social anxiety influences audio vocal responses and patterns of attention during social stressors.

Conclusions
Taken together, these findings suggest that the simulated teleconferencing interaction framework introduced here offers a potentially useful approach for the remote investigation of mechanisms underpinning social anxiety.