bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dance on: a mixed-method study into the feasibility and effectiveness of a dance programme to increase physical activity levels and wellbeing in adults and older adults
Authors: Britten Laura , Pina Ilaria , Nykjaer Camilla , Astill Sarah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Physical activity (PA) has beneficial effects on physical and mental health outcomes in older adults. However, a consistent decline in PA participation has been noted with increasing age, with older adults consistently being reported as the least physically active population. Previous evidence showed that dance is an appropriate form of PA in older adults as it integrates the body’s movement with physical, cognitive, and social elements. This study investigated the feasibility and efficacy of a weekly dance programme over a 12-month period on PA levels and wellbeing.

Methods
A mixed-method intervention design was used. Community-dwelling older adults aged 55 + years were recruited from local community groups in Yorkshire (UK). The programme comprised of a 60-min mixed genre dance class per week. Changes with carried forward data in self-reported measures of PA (min/week) and wellbeing with EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ VAS) across four different time points (baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months) were assessed using the Friedman test. Feasibility was also assessed through class attendance and focus groups (N = 6–9) with participants. A thematic analysis of qualitative data was conducted.

Results
A total of 685 participants (589–89.1% females and 72–10.9% males) took part in the study. The mean age was 75 ± 10 years, and 38% of the participants were classed as highly deprived as per the index of multiple deprivation. There was a statistically significant increase in both PA (X2(3) = 192.42, P < 0.001) and EQ VAS scores across the four time points (X2(3) = 19.66, P < 0.001). The mean adherence rate was consistent across the 12-month period of intervention (70%). Themes from the focus groups included reasons for participating in the programme, perceptions of how the dance programme affected the participants, and facilitators to participation in the programme.

Conclusions
The good adherence and favourability indicate that the dance programme is feasible as an intervention in community-dwelling participants from socially economically diverse communities. The dance intervention showed a positive effect on PA levels and wellbeing. A randomised-controlled trial with a control group is required to test this intervention further.
Invasiveness potential of pneumococcal serotypes in children after introduction of PCV13 in Blantyre, Malawi
Authors: Kirolos Amir , Swarthout Todd D. , Mataya Andrew A. , Bonomali Farouck , Brown Comfort , Msefula Jacquline , Bar-Zeev Naor , Iroh Tam Pui-Ying , Alaerts Maaike , Bilima Sithembile , Heyderman Robert S. , French Neil 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The introduction of PCV13 to the Malawi infant immunization schedule in 2011 has been associated with reduced disease from Streptococcus pneumoniae. Improved understanding of serotypes with high invasive potential can guide future vaccination interventions. We aimed to estimate pneumococcal serotypes associated with acute respiratory infection (ARI) and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in hospitalized children in Blantyre, Malawi.

Methods
We analysed data from healthy children under 5 years in the community in Blantyre and children admitted to Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital with ARI between 2015 and 2018. Nasopharyngeal swabs from children were tested for S. pneumoniae and serotyped by latex agglutination if positive. We analysed culture-positive blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples from admitted children between 2012 and 2018 to identify cases of IPD after the introduction of PCV13. We calculated the age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of carriage for S. pneumoniae vaccine serotypes (VT) comparing those with ARI to healthy children. We also calculated age-adjusted ORs comparing serotypes causing IPD to carriage in the community with OR > 1 indicating high invasive potential.

Results
Serotypes 5 (OR 24.73 [95% CI 7.90–78.56] p < 0.001), 1 (OR 23.38 [95% CI 9.75–56.06] p < 0.001), and 6B (OR 4.73 [95% CI 1.66–11.64] p = 0.001) had high invasive potential. Serotype 6B was no longer significant (OR 1.34 [95% CI 0.07–6.87] p = 0.777) in a sensitivity analysis accounting for year of recruitment. The prevalence of S. pneumoniae carriage in the community was 72.6% [95% CI 71.3–74.0] (3078/4238) and 23.4% (719/3078) of positive community samples were VT. The carriage prevalence in those hospitalised with ARI was 45.5% [95% CI 42.1–48.9] (389/855) and 43.8% of hospital attendees reported antibiotic use prior to admission. We did not identify significant associations with carriage of any serotypes in those with ARI.

Conclusions
Pneumococcal serotypes 5 and 1 are associated with high invasive potential. Despite high community pneumococcal carriage, pre-hospital antibiotic usage likely reduces pneumococcal detection among children admitted in this setting and further research is needed to investigate serotypes associated with ARI. Data from this study can guide future preventative vaccination strategies in Malawi.
Low knowledge of newborn danger signs among pregnant women in Papua New Guinea and implications for health seeking behaviour in early infancy – findings from a longitudinal study
Authors: Eghrari Donya , Scoullar Michelle J. L. , Wilson Alyce N. , Peach Elizabeth , Elijah Arthur , Melepia Pele , SupSup Hadlee , Vallely Lisa M. , Siba Peter M. , Kennedy Elissa C. , Vogel Joshua P. , Homer Caroline S. E. , Robinson Leanne J. , Fowkes Freya J. I. , Pomat William , Crabb Brendan S. , Beeson James G. , Morgan Christopher J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Globally, 2.5 million babies die in the first 28 days of life each year with most of these deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Early recognition of newborn danger signs is important in prompting timely care seeking behaviour. Little is known about women’s knowledge of newborn danger signs in Papua New Guinea. This study aims to assess this knowledge gap among a cohort of women in East New Britain Province.

Methods
This study assessed knowledge of newborn danger signs (as defined by the World Health Organization) at three time points from a prospective cohort study of women in East New Britain Province, factors associated with knowledge of danger signs after childbirth were assessed using logistic regression. This study includes quantitative and qualitative interview data from 699 pregnant women enrolled at their first antenatal clinic visit, followed up after childbirth (n = 638) and again at one-month post-partum (n = 599).

Results
Knowledge of newborn danger signs was very low. Among the 638 women, only 9.4% knew three newborn danger signs after childbirth and only one knew all four essential danger signs defined by Johns Hopkins University ‘Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness’ Index. Higher knowledge scores were associated with higher gravidity, income level, partner involvement in antenatal care, and education.

Conclusion
Low levels of knowledge of newborn danger signs among pregnant women are a potential obstacle to timely care-seeking in rural Papua New Guinea. Antenatal and postnatal education, and policies that support enhanced education and decision-making powers for women and their families, are urgently needed.
Predictors of successful vaginal birth after a cesarean section in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mekonnen Birye Dessalegn , Asfaw Aragaw Awoke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The rates of successful vaginal birth after previous cesarean section (VBAC) have been increasing with minimal complication. Successful vaginal birth after cesarean section improves maternal and fetal outcomes by shortening the length of hospital stay, avoiding abdominal surgery, decreasing the risk of infections and hemorrhage, and decreasing injury of the bladder and bowel. Despite a few single studies stating different predictors of successful VBAC, there is a lack of nationwide data to show the determinants of successful VBAC. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to determine the predictors of successful VBAC in Ethiopia.

Methods
A systematic literature search was performed from PubMed, Web of Sciences, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Google scholar until July 25, 2022. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. The analysis was executed using Stata 14 statistical software. Heterogeneity was evaluated statistically using Cochran’s Q-statistic and quantified by the I2 value. A random-effects model was used to estimate the determinants of successful vaginal birth after a cesarean section if substantial heterogeneity was detected across included studies; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was used.

Results
Women living in rural residence (AOR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.01, 4.52), history of previous spontaneous vaginal delivery (AOR: 2.92; 95% CI: 2.02, 4.23), previous successful vaginal birth after previous cesarean section (AOR: 5.29; 95% CI: 2.20, 12.69), history of stillbirth (AOR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.04), cervical dilation of ≥ 4 cm at admission (AOR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.27, 3.61), spontaneous ruptured membranes at admission (AOR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.48) were independent determinants of successful vaginal birth after previous cesarean section.

Conclusion
The results of this meta-analysis showed that successful VBAC was influenced by past and present obstetric conditions and other predictors. Thus, it is recommended that obstetric care providers should emphasize those factors that lead to successful vaginal birth during counseling and optimal selection of women for the trial of labour after cesarean section.

Systematic review and meta-analysis registration
PROSPERO CRD42022329567.
Serum and ascites tumor markers in the diagnostic and prognostic prediction for appendiceal pseudomyxoma peritonei
Authors: Wang Bing , Ma Ruiqing , Rao Benqiang , Xu Hongbin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 199 (CA199) and CA125 in serum and ascites of appendiceal pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) patients relative to their diagnostic and predictive value.

Methods
The study comprised 183 patients with pathologically confirmed appendiceal PMP, enrolled from May 2012 to June 2020, in Aerospace Center Hospital. Serum and ascites tumor markers were obtained, and their diagnostic values were compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The prognostic factors of appendiceal PMP with different pathologic subgroups were calculated by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models.

Results
There were significant differences between the numbers of patients with positive CEA and CA199 in serum vs. ascites: p = 0.034 in CEA and p = 0.006 in CA199, respectively. The sensitivities with optimal cut-off values for ascites markers of CEA, CA199 and CA125 were 83.5%, 88.9% and 72.6%, respectively. CEA in ascites showed significant difference in the diagnosis of appendiceal PMP (p = 0.000); the areas under the ROC curves (AUROCs) and specificity were 0.725, 70.7%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the higher the ascites tumor markers, the poorer the survival (p = 0.014). Multivariate analysis indicated that completeness of cytoreduction (CCR), ascites CEA and pathological grade were independent risk factors for overall survival (OS).

Conclusion
CEA in ascites can be used to help specify the origin of PMP. Furthermore, elevation of ascites CEA, high pathological grade and incomplete cytoreduction predicted poor prognosis of appendiceal PMP.
Complicated grief and related factors among nursing staff during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rahmani Farnaz , Hosseinzadeh Mina , Gholizadeh Leila 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The challenging working conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic created a perfect storm that can seriously impact nurses' physical and psychological well-being. Our study aimed to investigate complicated grief and its related factors among nursing staff during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study. The participants comprised 375 nurses selected by the convenience sampling method from designated wards for patients with Covid-19 in 3 hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Participants completed a survey containing demographic and clinical questions, the Inventory of Complicated Grief, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the associates of nurses' grief. The STROBE guidelines were followed in reporting the study's findings.

Results
A significant proportion of participants (57.6%) were found to be suffering from complicated grief. Gender, educational background, type of ward, type of nursing role, type of working shift, years of nursing work experience, and experience working in the Covid-19 settings remained the significant associates of nurses' grief in the regression analysis.

Conclusion
Due to frequent exposure to patients' deaths, healthcare providers are at increased risk of suffering from complicated grief during the Covid-19 and post-pandemic. If it remains unresolved, complicated grief can result in significant health problems and the experience of burnout among nurses. Governments, health authorities, and nursing managers should support nurses who work in Covid-19 settings to reduce the adverse impact of the pandemic on nurses' health and well-being.
Efficacy of two topical fluralaner formulations (Bravecto®; Bravecto® Plus) against Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) infestations of cats
Authors: Petersen Melissa , Maree Riaan , Pretorius Henda , Liebenberg Julian E. , Guerino Frank 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The invasive tick species, Haemaphysalis longicornis, is becoming established in the USA, presenting a growing threat to dogs and cats. Two 90-day studies were initiated, the same protocol in each, to confirm the efficacy of a single application of two fluralaner formulations against H. longicornis infestations of cats.

Methods
Cats were randomized among three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio (10 cats/group). Group 1 cats were untreated controls; Group 2 cats were treated with a topical fluralaner formulation (Bravecto®); Group 3 cats received a topical formulation containing fluralaner and moxidectin (Bravecto® Plus). Treatments were administered once (Day 0) at the label dose rates. Each cat was infested with 50 H. longicornis ticks on Day −7 for study qualification and also infested with 50 ticks on Days −2, 28, 58 and 88. Tick counts were completed on Days −5, 2, 30, 60 and 90. The primary objective was based on percentage reductions in arithmetic mean tick counts.

Results
Pre-study infestations showed all study cats were susceptible to tick challenge. Except for Day 2 in one study, at least six control cats retained ≥ 25% of each challenge, demonstrating an adequate infestation for efficacy assessments. Across studies on Days 2, 30, 60 and 90, the mean live tick infestation rate (number of ticks recovered from each cat/infesting challenge to each cat) of Group 1 cats ranged from 25.0 to 69.6%. Efficacy of each formulation, based on live tick counts, was 100% on Day 2 and > 95 to 100% at each subsequent assessment. Between-group differences were statistically significant (P < 0.0001) for each treatment versus control comparison.

Conclusion
At the label dose rate, both topical fluralaner formulations were 100% effective in eliminating H. longicornis ticks from cats infested at the time of treatment. Efficacy of > 95 to 100% was then maintained through 90 days following a single application. Fluralaner is therefore a treatment of choice for protecting cats against this invasive tick species.

Graphical Abstract
The neuroimmune axis of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Jorfi Mehdi , Maaser-Hecker Anna , Tanzi Rudolph E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a genetically complex and heterogeneous disorder with multifaceted neuropathological features, including β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammation. Over the past decade, emerging evidence has implicated both beneficial and pathological roles for innate immune genes and immune cells, including peripheral immune cells such as T cells, which can infiltrate the brain and either ameliorate or exacerbate AD neuropathogenesis. These findings support a neuroimmune axis of AD, in which the interplay of adaptive and innate immune systems inside and outside the brain critically impacts the etiology and pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we discuss the complexities of AD neuropathology at the levels of genetics and cellular physiology, highlighting immune signaling pathways and genes associated with AD risk and interactions among both innate and adaptive immune cells in the AD brain. We emphasize the role of peripheral immune cells in AD and the mechanisms by which immune cells, such as T cells and monocytes, influence AD neuropathology, including microglial clearance of amyloid-β peptide, the key component of β-amyloid plaque cores, pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity of microglia, astrogliosis, and their interactions with the brain vasculature. Finally, we review the challenges and outlook for establishing immune-based therapies for treating and preventing AD.
Eccentric exercise is more effective than other exercises in the treatment of mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Prudêncio Diego Ailton , Maffulli Nicola , Migliorini Filippo , Serafim Thiago Teixeira , Nunes Luis Felipe , Sanada Luciana Sayuri , Okubo Rodrigo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAchilles tendinopathy (AT) is one of the most frequent overuse injuries in the ankle. The evidence base for its conservative management AT continues to evolve, but there is still a gap in the evidence for the efficacy of any modality of treatment in high-quality studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of EE in improving pain and function in adult patients with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy compared to other forms of exercise. A search was performed in PubMed, BIREME, SportDiscus, Cinahl, Web of Science and PEDro, in November 2022. The methodological quality was evaluated using the Risk of Bias 2 tool (RoB2) of the Cochrane collaboration, and the meta-analysis was performed using the Review Manager 5.1 program. 2024 articles were identified and eight fulfilled the inclusion criteria. RoB2 presented a final score with 62.5% of the studies presented “some concerns”, and 37.5% (five and three articles, respectively) presenting “high risk” of bias. EE was effective for the managment of AT. The only variable for which a meta-analysis was possible was pain (five articles), analysed with the visual analogue scale/numerical visual scale. The mean difference (MD) in treatment effect using EE was − 1.21 (− 2.72 to − 0.30) with a 95% of confidence interval (CI), thus identifying a significant positive effect for the improvement of pain in patients with AT in whom EE was used. EE is effective in the management of AT. The meta-analysis shows the need for appropriately powered randomized controlled trials with better design, the use of standard outcome measures and well-planned protocols for conservative management of AT.Level of evidence: Level 1.Registration: CRD42018118016.
Changes and trends in medication-assisted treatment in Israel
Authors: Marom Adi , Levy Iris , Rosca Paola 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
As opioid prescription in Israel is increasing, there is a growing need for monitoring opioid use disorder and providing opioid agonist therapy. Our goal is to describe, sub-analyze, and identify obstacles in the treatment of opioid misuse in the Israeli medication assisted treatment centers.

Methods
Data on methadone, buprenorphine, and buprenorphine combined with naloxone for the indication of opioid addiction treatment for the period 2013–2020 were obtained from pharmaceutical companies that distribute them in Israel. Data on utilization of these drugs were also extracted from the database maintained by the Israel Ministry of Health's Pharmaceutical Administration Division. The data were converted to defined daily doses (DDD)/1000 inhabitants/day.

Results
The number of patients receiving medication assisted treatment increased by 10% since 2013, with a shift from buprenorphine alone to buprenorphine/naloxone in government-run centers. Methadone remains the most popular maintenance drug.

Conclusions
The change in opioid maintenance prescription does not match the significant increase in opioid consumption. Optimization of treatment can be achieved by the creation of a comprehensive database, cooperation between healthcare organizations and the government and further development of non-stigmatic and accessible services.
Financing renewable energy: policy insights from Brazil and Nigeria
Authors: Isah Abdulrasheed , Dioha Michael O. , Debnath Ramit , Abraham-Dukuma Magnus C. , Butu Hemen Mark 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Achieving climate targets will require a rapid transition to clean energy. However, renewable energy (RE) firms face financial, policy, and economic barriers to mobilizing sufficient investment in low-carbon technologies, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we analyze the challenges and successes of financing the energy transition in Nigeria and Brazil using three empirically grounded levers: financing environments, channels, and instruments.

Results
While Brazil has leveraged innovative policy instruments to mobilize large-scale investment in RE, policy uncertainty and weak financing mechanisms have hindered RE investments in Nigeria. Specifically, Brazil’s energy transition has been driven by catalytic finance from the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES). In contrast, bilateral agencies and multilateral development banks (MDBs) have been the largest financiers of renewables in Nigeria. Policy instruments and public–private partnerships need to be redesigned to attract finance and scale market opportunities for RE project developers in Nigeria.

Conclusions
We conclude that robust policy frameworks, a dynamic public bank, strategic deployment of blended finance, and diversification of financing instruments would be essential to accelerate RE investment in Nigeria. Considering the crucial role of donors and MDBs in Nigeria, we propose a multi-stakeholder model to consolidate climate finance and facilitate the country’s energy transition.
Inactivation of mammalian spermatozoa on the exposure of TiO2 nanorods deposited with noble metals
Authors: Yi Young-Joo , Dhandole Love Kumar , Seo Dong-Won , Lee Sang-Myeong , Jang Jum Suk 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTitanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorods (NRs) are well-known semiconducting and catalytic material that has been widely applied, but their toxicities have also attracted recent interest. In this study, we investigated and compared the toxic effects of TiO2NRs and TiO2NRs loaded with Ag or Au NPs on boar spermatozoa. As a result, sperm incubated with Ag-TiO2NRs showed lower motility than sperm incubated with controls (with or without TiO2NRs) or Au-TiO2NRs. In addition, sperm viability and acrosomal integrity were defective in the presence of Ag-TiO2NRs, and the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased significantly when spermatozoa were incubated with 20 μg/ml Ag-TiO2NRs. We discussed in depth the charge transfer mechanism between enzymatic NADPH and Ag-TiO2NRs in the context of ROS generation in spermatozoa. The effects we observed reflected the fertilization competence of sperm incubated with Ag-TiO2NRs; specifically sperm penetration and embryonic development rates by in vitro fertilization were reduced by Ag-TiO2NRs. To summarize, our findings indicate that exposure to Ag-TiO2NRs could affect male fertilization fecundity and caution that care be exercised when using these NRs.