bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortical structural and functional coupling during development and implications for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Soman Shania , Vijayakumar Nandita , Thomson Phoebe , Ball Gareth , Hyde C , Silk Tim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: Functional connectivity is scaffolded by the structural connections of the brain. Disruptions of either structural or functional connectivity can lead to deficits in cognitive functions and increase risk for neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To date, very little research has examined the association between structural and functional connectivity in typical development, while no studies have attempted to understand the development of structure-function coupling in children with ADHD.
Methods: 175 individuals (84 typically developing children and 91 children with ADHD) participated in a longitudinal neuroimaging study with up to three waves. In total, we collected 278 observations between the ages 9 and 14 (139 each in typically developing controls and ADHD). Regional measures of structure-function coupling were calculated at each timepoint using Spearman’s rank correlation and mixed effect models were used to determine group differences and longitudinal changes in coupling over time.
Results: In typically developing children, we observed increases in structure-function coupling strength across multiple higher-order cognitive and sensory regions. Overall, weaker coupling was observed in children with ADHD, mainly in prefrontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus and inferior parietal cortex. Further, children with ADHD showed an increased rate of coupling strength predominantly in the inferior frontal gyrus, superior parietal cortex, precuneus, mid cingulate, and visual cortex, compared to no corresponding change over time in typically developing controls.
Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the joint maturation of structural and functional brain connections in typical development across late childhood to mid-adolescence, particularly in regions that support cognitive maturation. Findings also suggest that children with ADHD exhibit different patterns of structure-function coupling, suggesting atypical patterns of coordinated white matter and functional connectivity development predominantly in the regions overlapping with the default mode network, salience network and dorsal attention network during late childhood to mid-adolescence.
A protocol for a single center, randomized, controlled trial comparing the clinical efficacy of 3% diquafosol and 0.1 % hyaluronic acid in diabetic patients with dry eye disease.
Authors: Chen Jiayan , Chen Yimeng , Li Liangzhe , Qin Guanghao , Li Mingze , Cheng Yuan , Zhuang Shuting , Li Zhihui , Zhang Qing , Wu Yi , Yang Langting , Moutari Salissou , Moore Jonathan E , Xu Ling , He Wei , Yu Sile , He Xingru , Pazo Emmanuel Eric 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Title:
A protocol for a single center, randomized, controlled trial comparing the clinical efficacy of 3% diquafosol and 0.1% hyaluronic acid in diabetic patients with dry eye disease. {1}
Background
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise and 70% of diabetic individuals have dry eye disease (DED) that leads to subsequent abnormalities of the corneal epithelium, corneal nerves, tear film, or corneal endothelium. In addition, persons with diabetes produce less tear secretions than healthy individuals. While several anti-inflammatory drug-based therapies for dry eye in diabetic individuals are currently be administered but their efficacy not been studied in detail. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 3% diquafosol (DQS) vs 0.1% hyaluronic acid (HA) eye drops in diabetic related dry eye patients.
Methods and analysis:
This single-blind randomized, control trial will include 140 diabetic related DED and will be assigned to DQS (n = 101) and HA (n = 101) one drop, six times per day for 8 weeks. Tear film lipid layer, non-invasive breakup time, cornea conjunctival staining score, corneal sensitivity, tear MMP-9 levels, meibum gland, tear meniscus height, corneal nerves and immune/inflammatory cells change, conjunctival hyperemia, ocular surface disease index questionnaire score will be assessed and compared at baseline, week-4, and week-8.
Discussion
This study will be a standardized, scientific, clinical trial designed to evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of DQS and HA for diabetic related dry eye treatment.
Ethics and dissemination:
This study will be approved by the Ethics Committee of He Eye Specialist Hospital [ethics approval number: IRB (2022) K002.01]. Prior to participating in the trial, all patients will provide written informed permission. The outcomes of this study will be presented at local and international conferences and submitted for publication in journals with peer review.
Trial registration number
: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04980144 {2a, 2b}
Uncertain Monsoons, Weather Risks and Crop Yields
Authors: Singh Hardeep 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper studies the relationship between weather and crop yields with a specific focus on the influence of delayed monsoon arrival on crop yields. In doing so, we add to the existing literature by focusing on a relatively less explored dimension of weather, that is, the impact of the arrival of monsoon on crop yields. Secondly, we study how monsoon arrival and other weather variables influence the entire probability distribution of crop yields. Therefore, we capture a much clearer picture of the distribution of weather-related production risks. Using the moment-based approach pioneered by Antle (1983), we find that besides reducing the mean crop yields, monsoon arrival also increases the crop yields variance and leads to an increase in downside risk to the farmers. We have also shown that delayed monsoon arrival increases the occurrence of extreme outcomes for the crop yields by having its impacts on the fourth moment of the crop yield distribution. Besides, we have shown the role played by irrigation in reducing crop yields variance and in reducing the exposure of crop yields to the downside risk and occurrence of extreme outcomes.
JEL Classification: Q10, Q18, Q50, G22
Spatially controlled construction of assembloids using bioprinting
Authors: Roth Julien , Brunel Lucia , Huang Michelle , Cai Betty , Liu Yueming , Sinha Sauradeep , Yang Fan , Pasca Sergiu , Shin Sungchul , Heilshorn Sarah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The biofabrication of three-dimensional (3D) tissues that recapitulate organ-specific architecture and function would benefit from temporal and spatial control of cell-cell interactions. Bioprinting, while potentially capable of achieving such control, is poorly suited to spheroids and organoids with conserved cytoarchitectures that are susceptible to plastic deformation. Here, we develop a platform, termed Spheroid Transfer Assisted by Magnetic Printing (STAMP), consisting of an iron-oxide nanoparticle laden hydrogel and magnetized 3D printer to enable the controlled lifting, transport, and deposition of spheroids and organoids. We identify cellulose nanofibers as both an ideal biomaterial for encasing organoids with magnetic nanoparticles and a shear-thinning, self-healing support hydrogel for maintaining the spatial positioning of organoids to facilitate the generation of assembloids. We leverage STAMP to create precisely arranged assembloids composed of human pluripotent stem cell derived neural organoids and patient-derived glioma organoids. In doing so, we demonstrate the potential for the STAMP platform to construct assembloids which recapitulate key developmental processes and disease etiologies.
Clinical Evaluation of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for the detection of pathogens in BALF in severe community acquired pneumonia
Authors: Wei Yupeng , Zhang Tongqiang , Ma Yuting , Yan Jisi , Zhan Jianghua , Zheng Jun , Xu yongsheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Rapid and accurate identification of pathogens is very important for the treatment of Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) in children. Metagenomic Next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been applied in the detection of pathogenic bacteria in recent years, while the overall evaluation the application of SCAP in children is lacking.
Methods: In our study, 84 cases of SCAP were enrolled. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were analysed using mNGS; and sputum, blood, and BALF samples were analysed using conventional technology (CT).
Results: Among the 84 children, 41 were boys, and 43 were girls, with an average age ranging from 2 months to 14 years. The pathogen detection rate of mNGS was higher than that of CT (83.3% [70/84] vs. 63.1% [53/84], P = 0.003). The mNGS was much greater than that of the CT in detecting Streptococcus pneumoniae (89.2% [25/29] vs. 44.8% [13/29], P = 0.001) and Haemophilus influenzae (91.7% [11/12] vs. 33.3% [4/12], P < 0.005). The mNGS also showed superior fungal detection performance compared with that of the CT (81.8% [9/11] vs. 18.2% [2/11], P = 0.004). The mNGS test can detect viruses, such as bocavirus, rhinovirus, and human metapneumovirus, which are not frequently recognised using CT. However, the mNGS detection rate was lower than that of the CT (52.4% [11/21] vs. 95.2% [20/21], P = 0.004) for Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP). The detection rate of mNGS for mixed infection was greater than that of the CT, although statistical significance was not observed (26.3% [20/39] vs. 21.1% [16/39], P > 0.005). Treatment for 26 (31.0%) children was changed based on mNGS results, and their symptoms were reduced; nine patients had their antibiotic modified, five had antibiotics added, nine had their antifungal medication, and seven had their antiviral medication.
Conclusion: mNGS has unique advantages in the detection of SCAP pathogens in children, especially S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and fungi. However, the detection rate of MP using mNGS was lower than that of the CT. Additionally, mNGS can detect pathogens that are not generally covered by CT, which is extremely important for the modification of the treatment strategy.
Pelvic floor function after third and fourth degree perineal lacerations: a case-control study on quality of life
Authors: Sartore Andrea , Scalia Maria Sole , Mangino Francesco Paolo , Savastano Giulia , Magni Elena , Ricci Giuseppe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
the primary aim of this study was to compare the quality of life between women with obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) and women with intact perineum or minor vaginal tears following their first vaginal birth through a validated urogynaecological questionnaire. As a secondary aim, we wanted to identify the specific symptoms for pelvic floor dysfunction after a vaginal birth.
Methods
133 cases (III- and IV-degree vaginal tears) and 133 controls (intact perineum or I- and II-degree vaginal tear) were asked to fill the PFDI-20 condition-specific and quality of life survey at three and twelve months after vaginal delivery. The survey evaluates pelvic floor dysfunction symptoms through three subsections: the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory (POPDI), the Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory (CRADI), and Urinary Distress Inventory, (UDI). The patients recruited were asked to complete the survey at three- and twelve-months follow-up visit. Accordingly, data collection started. Categorical variables were subjected to Chi-square test or Fisher’s Exact test. Quantitative variables were compared through Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney test.
Results
All surveys have shown statistically significant differences when comparing the cases to the control group. Consequently, PFDI-20 has shown a strong correlation between III- and IV-grade lacerations and pelvic floor dysfunction persistence at twelve months after delivery. Intestinal symptoms were the most reported disturbances among women with previous OASI.
Conclusions
Major vaginal tears have demonstrated to have a strong impact on women’s quality of life up to a follow-up of twelve months. The use of PFDI-20 questionnaire is a useful and valid tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of genital prolapse, fecal and urinary incontinence in primiparous women with a history of OASI. Thus, its application in clinical practice can help offering the most adequate rehabilitative treatment.
Phototherapy: a new risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight preterm infants? a retrospective case–control study
Authors: Li Jie , Zhong Xiao-Yun , Zhou Li-Gang , Wu Yan , Wang Li , Song Si-Jie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective To investigate the possible association between phototherapy (PT) and development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.
Study design A retrospective case-control study of VLBW infants with or without NEC (stage IIA or greater) born at ≤ 35 weeks’ gestation in a tertiary hospital over 7 years. Sample size calculation, trend test as well as univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed.
Results 824 VLBW infants were reviewed, and 74 cases as well as 122 controls were finally enrolled. The odds of NEC increased with increasing PT duration and number respectively (trend P=0.010 and 0.033), and became higher after adjustment for confounders. Exposure to >120 hours and >4 numbers of PT were significantly associated with NEC in multivariate analysis.
Conclusion This is the ﬁrst study to propose a possible association between PT and development of NEC in VLBW infants.
Phase regulation to obtain dense composite polymer-based electrolytes for high-voltage solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Wu Qian , Fang Mandi , Jiao Shizhe , Li Siyuan , Zhang Shichao , Shen Zeyu , Mao Shulan , Mao Jiale , Zhang Jiahui , Tan Yuanzhong , Shen Kang , Lv Jiaxing , Hu Wei , He Yi , Lu Yingying 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Solid polymer electrolytes are accepted as promising candidates for solid-state lithium metal batteries due to the flexibility and large-scale manufacturability. In particular, poly(vinylidene fluoride)-based polymer electrolytes with unique “salt-polymer-trace residual solvent” configuration exhibit attractive for batteries’ room-temperature operations. However, the porous structure and the still limited ionic conductivity prevent their further advancement. Herein, we proposed a phase regulation strategy to disrupt the symmetry of PVDF chains by coupling with ferroelectric MoSe2 sheets, in which the asymmetric adsorption interactions result in the formation of all trans (TTTT) conformation of PVDF and dense structure of composite electrolyte. The developed β-phase-rich electrolyte provides a high dielectric environment to optimize the solvation structures that form abundant solvent-separated ion pairs, achieving high ionic conductivity (6.5×10− 4 S cm− 1) with low activation energy (0.07 eV). Further, the in-situ reactions between MoSe2 and Li metal construct fast conductor Li2Se in the interfaces, which significantly enhances the interfacial transport kinetics and electrochemical stability. Therefore, the Li||Li cells achieve record cycling of 480 hours at 1 mA cm− 2, and the Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cells show ultra-long lifespan of 2000 times at 3C. This work provides an encouraging strategy contributing to large-scale production towards their practical applications.
Anomaly detection and analysis in blockchain systems
Authors: Singh Priyanshi , Agrawal Deepika , Pandey Sudhakar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
For a long time, anomaly detection is such a well topic. Its use in the banking industry has aided in the detection of questionable hacking activity. In the network of bitcoin, since all nodes are unlabeled, there is no proof that any particular transaction is the result of illegal activity, this thesis seeks to identify transactions that are unusual or suspicious. Finding abnormalities in the bitcoin transaction network is the main objective. We discuss anomaly identification in this paper with particular reference to the Bitcoin transaction network(BTN). In this instance, anomalies behaviors is a proxy for apprehensive activity, thus our objective is to find anomalies in the dataset in terms of their percentage. To achieve this, we use the feature selection method which is sequential forward feature selection along with three ML techniques, k-means clustering, isolation forest, and support vector machine (SVM) and got the highest accuracy of 98.2% in SVM as compared to all other methods.
Long Term Misdiagnosis of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Etemadifar Masoud , Sabeti Fatemeh , Abhari Amir Parsa , Etemadifar Fatemeh , Salari Mehri 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. Due to their many shared presentations, NMOSD misdiagnosis as MS is a rather common medical misconduct. Few studies have focused on the reasons for these misdiagnoses and how they were corrected in the end. Methods In this study, we report 10 cases of long-term NMOSD misdiagnosis as MS. We reviewed patients' medical records and collected their clinical, radiographic and laboratory data. Also, reasons for the misdiagnoses and how NMOSD diagnosis was confirmed were investigated. Results Nine patients (90%) were female and one was male (10%) with a mean age of 42.88 ± 7.09. Mean EDSS at onset was 1.44 ± 0.39 and 6 patients (60%) were NMO-IgG positive. All brain MRIs at onset had periventricular lesions which fulfilled MS diagnosis. However, periventricular lesions were reduced in 5 patients by the time of NMOSD diagnosis and no longer fulfilled MS diagnostic criteria. Only 2 patients had spinal lesions at onset one of which was a long extending transverse myelitis (LETM). Moreover, new LETM lesions were observed in the spinal MRI of 7 patients at the time of NMOSD diagnosis which led to the diagnosis; either alone or along with the confirmation of autoantibody seropositivity. In 3 patients, NMO-IgG seropositivity in the absence of LETM, led to NMOSD confirmation. Conclusion In order to further avoid misdiagnoses, we suggest to carefully follow the patients with uncertain diagnoses and check several times for NMO-IgG and other autoantibodies reported in NMOSD.
Cross-sectional survey in Central African Republic finds mortality 4-times higher than official UN statistics: Is the Central African Republic the World’s Worst Humanitarian Crisis?
Authors: Gang Karume Baderha Augustin , O’Keeffe Jennifer , Anonymous  , Roberts Les 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
CAR is one of the poorest countries in the world. While UN statistics suggest that there is no health emergency in the country, two recently published mortality surveys contradict this. Moreover, recent accusations of massive scale human rights abuses by mercenaries suggested the need for a nationwide mortality survey.
Methods
Two stage cluster surveys were conducted in two different strata: one in the roughly half of the country within the Government’s control, and one in the prefectures mostly outside of the Government’s control. We randomly selected 40 clusters of 10 households in each strata. The survey included questions on vital events with open-ended questions about health and household challenges at the beginning and end of each interview.
Results
70 of 80 selected clusters were successfully visited. We interviewed 699 households, containing 5070 people. 11 households (1.6%) refused to be interviewed and approximately 18.3% of households were absent at the time of visitation, mainly in the safer Government controlled areas. Interviewed households had a birth rate of 42.6 /1000 / year (95%CI 35.4–59.7) and a crude mortality rate (CMR) of 1.57 /10,000/day (95%CI: 1.36–1.78). The birth rate was lower and the death rate markedly higher in the strata outside of Government control. Families described malaria or fever, and diarrhea as the primary causes of death with violence only accounting for 6%.
Conclusions
CAR is experiencing a severe health emergency, with the highest measured nationwide mortality in the world to our knowledge. Official UN death rate estimates appear to be less than one fourth of reality. The population desperately needs access to food and basic health care and security restored. The UN should address the issue of mercenaries, operating outside the accountability of any Government, in contributing to humanitarian emergencies as is currently occurring in CAR.
Creation of Structured Abrasive Tools via Multiple-pass Rotary Wire EDM: A Geometrical Model
Authors: Wang Bixuan , Liu Gongyu , Zhao Yong Jie , Wang Bo , Bi Qingzhen , Pierce Robert S. , Qi huan , Fang Xuewei , LI Hao Nan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Structured Abrasive Tools (SATs) are considered as one of the next-generation abrasive tool solutions due to their superior ability to transport cutting fluids into grinding zones to lower grinding temperature and therefore enable high-quality machined surfaces. There are several SAT fabrication methods including mechanical, electroplating, brazing and laser-based methods. Mechanical methods can not produce SATs with small-sized structures due to significant contact forces, while electroplating has poor controllability of abrasive grain allocations. Brazing requires special machines with high-precision motion control while laser-based methods need significant efforts on laser parameter selection and optimisation. With this, here we present a Multiple-Pass Rotary Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (MPRWEDM) method to address the aforementioned limitations. We also develop a theorical model of the created kerf profile during the MPRWEDM so as to enable controllable fabrication of SATs. The model was experimentally validated, showing a decent relative error of 9.8%. The non-linear multiple-pass effect was studied both analytically and experimentally. Based on MPRWEDM, not only the SAT with designed grooves but also the structured surface (having an array of pyramid geometries) generated by the SAT were successfully created, proving the great potential of MPRWEDM in controllable production of even more advanced tools.
The DACH1 gene is frequently deleted in prostate cancer, restrains prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, decreases DNA damage repair, and predicts therapy responses.
Authors: Pestell Richard , Li Zhiping , Jiao Xuanmao , Robertson A. , Sante Gabriele Di , Ashton Anthony , DiRocco Agnese , Wang Min , Zhao Jun , Addya Sankar , Wang Chenguang , McCue Peter , South Andrew , Cordon-Cardo Carlos , Liu Runzhi , Patel Kishan , Hamid Rasha , Parmar Jorim , DuHadaway James , Jones Steven , Casimiro Mathew , Schultz Nikolaus , Kossenkov Andrew , Phoon Lai Yee , Chen Hao , Lan Li , Sun Yunguang , Iczkowski Kenneth , Rui Hallgeir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), the second leading cause of death in American men, includes distinct genetic subtypes with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities. The DACH1 gene encodes a winged helix/Forkhead DNA-binding protein that competes for binding to FOXM1 sites. Herein, DACH1 gene deletion within the 13q21.31-q21.33 region occurs in up to 18% of human PCa and was associated with increased AR activity and poor prognosis. In prostate OncoMice, prostate-specific deletion of the Dach1 gene enhanced prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and was associated with increased TGFb activity and DNA damage. Reduced Dach1 increased DNA damage in response to genotoxic stresses. DACH1 was recruited to sites of DNA damage, augmenting recruitment of Ku70/Ku80. Reduced Dach1 expression was associated with increased homology directed repair and resistance to PARP inhibitors and TGFb kinase inhibitors. Reduced Dach1 expression may define a subclass of PCa that warrants specific therapies.