bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the ‘Ungeographic’ in Jesmyn Ward’s Where the Line Bleeds
Authors: Smith Beth Beatrice 
Published: January 2025

This chapter places Where the Line Bleeds and Black studies into critical conversation with geography, drawing on the work of theorists such as Kathryn McKittrick, Christina Sharpe, Kathryn Yusoff, and Herman Beavers. It argues that Where the Line Bleeds presents the South as reflective of the human body, eroded and reshaped by time and by the natural elements of the environment. This chapter explores the depiction of several characters who call Bois Sauvage home and make consequential decision there which lead to greater opportunity and/or awareness. Ward’s novel suggests hope for the future by presenting alternative ways to survive in the world and the reader sees how both natural and man-made environments serve as destructive forces as well as healing spaces. It is where these elements cross—where the line bleeds—that Ward focuses her readers' attention. Boundaries are an integral part of the novel and the ways boundaries alter as humans do is a key consideration of this chapter. The passage of time and the use of creativity, such as mythmaking and imagination, appear to disrupt historical and familiar narratives and redraw the lines of communication and community, ultimately recognizing alternative scenarios for the future.
Reclaiming the Ghosts of Trauma’s Past: Witnessing and Testimony as Healing in Jesmyn Ward’s Sing, Unburied, Sing
Authors: Lewis Apryl 
Published: January 2025

This chapter considers Jesmyn Ward’s Sing, Unburied, Sing (2017) in the context of trauma studies. It argues that Ward’s novel depicts an aggregation of personal, collective, and generational traumas, occurring at metaphorical, ghostly, and unconscious levels. Ward’s novel shows just how pervasive generational trauma can be within one family and, by extension, within the Black community. This chapter analyses Ward’s novel to explore testimony and witnessing, as well as historical and recurring traumatic experiences such as slavery, police brutality, and wrongful imprisonment. It argues that examining the representation of overlaps in traumatic experiences between Black men, women, and children can advance the study of African American literary trauma studies, as well as demonstrate how other forms of trauma such as racism and incarceration stem from white supremacy. Drawing on concepts of witnessing and testimony theorized in Felman and Laub’s Testimony (1992) it seeks to bridge the gap between Eurocentric trauma theories and more inclusive and agile formations. Given the intersectional impacts of trauma in society, African American literature foregrounds portrayals of traumatic experience from marginalised communities. Ward’s depictions of trauma, filtered through a mother, her child, and a ghost, provide potent angles for unraveling such traumatic experiences.
Invincible Brothers: The Pen and the Press in The Compositors’ Chronicle , 1840–43
Authors: Baillet Françoise 
Published: January 2025

The Compositors’ Chronicle (1840–43) was a trade publication launched in September 1840 as a monthly and later continued as the Printer (1843–45). Produced by the London Union of Compositors and printed by R. Thompson, office keeper of the organisation’s headquarters in Fleet Street, it pledged to protect its readers from “misconduct and tyranny” on the part of those invested with authority. At a time when many print workers and artisans remained outside the pale of British citizenship, Thompson’s journal provided them with a space for political and social debate as well as literary creation. This chapter investigates the Chronicle as a collaborative project in which literary creation–letters, poetry, essays and short stories– supported the development of a professional trade identity through a common and shared language. The Chronicle also included a correspondence column that encouraged reader engagement along with contents designed to provide instruction and entertainment for artisan workers and their families. In doing so, it reinforced the respectability of workers in the compositing trade, underscoring their domestic virtues, respectability and literary attainments.
Electromagnetic deformable mirror fabricated using silicon micromachining and stress-resilient assembly
Authors: Man Wenkuan (Kevin) , Bifano Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: This work presents a prototype electromagnetic actuation deformable mirror (DM) assembly with stress-resilient face sheet design.Methods: The DM face sheet design includes slender micromachined silicon pillars that are integrated with a silicon face sheet to reduce unpowered face sheet surface distortion caused by actuator adhesion stress.Results: The assembled deformable mirror prototype allowed bi-directional actuation with total stroke exceeding 20 μm. A two-step control method was used to improve the prototype dynamic performance, allowing settling time on the order of 1 ms. Prescribed references shapes were made on the prototype deformable mirror using closed-loop control.Discussion: While the simplified DM produced in this work has only 19 actuators and therefore has limited capacity to control complex shapes, the design and fabrication processes described and demonstrated in this work provide a promising approach to development of high-stroke magnetic DMs.
Longitudinal impact of cross-clamp duration on postoperative sleep disturbance and quality of life in elderly cardiac surgery patients: a secondary analysis of the MINDDS trial
Authors: Namirembe Grace E. , Sparling Jamie , Novak Alexis , Mueller Ariel , Bertsch Julia , Wiredu Kwame , Qu Jason Z. , Brandon Westover M. , Houle Timothy T. , Akeju Oluwaseun 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the enduring impact of cross-clamp duration on postoperative sleep disturbance and functional outcomes (up to 180 days) in cardiac surgery patients.DesignThis is a secondary analysis of data from a randomized, double-blind trial comparing dexmedetomidine to placebo for delirium prevention (Minimizing ICU Neurological Dysfunction with Dexmedetomidine-induced Sleep).SettingData from patients recruited at a tertiary medical center in Boston, Massachusetts, between March 2017 and February 2022 were analyzed in January 2024.ParticipantsThe study included 394 patients aged ≥60 who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.InterventionsThe primary exposure was cross-clamp time, while secondary exposures included surgical type [isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or not] and dexmedetomidine randomization.Measurements and main resultsThe primary outcome was sleep quality, assessed using the PROMIS Sleep Disturbance questionnaire at 30, 90, and 180 days postoperatively. Secondary outcomes encompassed cognitive function and health-related quality of life in various domains. Sleep quality, measured by PROMIS scores, showed improvement over time, and did not differ based on cross-clamp duration (MD 0.74 points, 95% CI: −0.57, 2.07), procedure type (MD 2.14 points, 95% CI: 0.29, 3.99), or dexmedetomidine (MD 0.9 points, 95% CI: −1.33, 1.5). However, isolated CABG patients reported sleep disturbance at all time points. Notably, extended cross-clamp time (&gt;90 min) significantly worsened the trajectories of mental health (90-day: MD −2.37 points, 95% CI: −4.35, −0.39; 180-day: MD −2.68 points, 95% CI: −4.62, −0.73) and applied cognition (180-day: MD: −2.59 points, 95% CI: −4.49, −0.68).ConclusionRegardless of the duration of the cross-clamp, sleep quality tends to improve over time following cardiac surgery. However, cross-clamp times that last longer than 90 min have been identified as a risk factor for self-reported declines in mental health and applied cognition.
Automated diagnosis and grading of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration based on a modified YOLO framework
Authors: Wang Aobo , Wang Tianyi , Liu Xingyu , Fan Ning , Yuan Shuo , Du Peng , Zou Congying , Chen Ruiyuan , Xi Yu , Gu Zhao , Song Hongxing , Fei Qi , Zhang Yiling , Zang Lei 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe high prevalence of low back pain has led to an increasing demand for the analysis of lumbar magnetic resonance (MR) images. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a deep-learning-assisted automated system for diagnosing and grading lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration based on lumbar T2-weighted sagittal and axial MR images.MethodsThis study included a total of 472 patients who underwent lumbar MR scans between January 2021 and November 2023, with 420 in the internal dataset and 52 in the external dataset. The MR images were evaluated and labeled by experts according to current guidelines, and the results were considered the ground truth. The annotations included the Pfirrmann grading of disc degeneration, disc herniation, and high-intensity zones (HIZ). The automated diagnostic model was based on the YOLOv5 network, modified by adding an attention module in the Cross Stage Partial part and a residual module in the Spatial Pyramid Pooling-Fast part. The model’s diagnostic performance was evaluated by calculating the precision, recall, F1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsIn the internal test set, the model achieved precisions of 0.78–0.91, 0.90–0.92, and 0.82 and recalls of 0.86–0.91, 0.90–0.93, and 0.81–0.88 for disc degeneration grading, disc herniation diagnosis, and HIZ detection, respectively. In the external test set, the precision values for disc degeneration grading, herniation diagnosis, and HIZ detection were 0.73–0.87, 0.86–0.92, and 0.74–0.84 and recalls were 0.79–0.87, 0.88–0.91, and 0.77–0.78, respectively.ConclusionThe proposed model demonstrated a relatively high diagnostic and classification performance and exhibited considerable consistency with expert evaluation.
Clinical burden of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in France
Authors: Charron Philippe , Zema Carla , Cotté François-Emery , Herquelot Eléonore , Krause Taryn , Daydé Florent , Trochu Jean-Noël 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can be genetic and occurs as obstructive and non-obstructive 21 subtypes. Little is known about the clinical burden of the obstructive subtype of HCM at a national 22 level, and how it may differ by New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. Therefore, this study 23 aimed to describe the clinical burden of patients hospitalized with obstructive HCM from a 24 nationwide study in France.MethodsThis retrospective, longitudinal, observational study was performed using data from the French National Health Data System. All adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with a hospitalization related to obstructive HCM [International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code I42.1], or at least one hospitalization with ICD-10 code I42.2 or I42.9 and at least one code for septal reduction therapy between 2012 and 2018 were included. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 1 year. NYHA class was assigned using an algorithm based on treatment and symptom codes. Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes by NYHA class over time were examined.ResultsOverall, 6,823 patients with obstructive HCM were included (54.7% male, mean [standard deviation (SD)] age 66.2 [16.7] years). At inclusion, the proportion of patients in NYHA classes I, II, III, and IV were 4%, 32%, 60%, and 4%, respectively. Over the follow-up [mean (SD) follow-up: 4.4 (2.5) years; cumulative patient follow-up: 30,021 patient-years], 73% of patients remained in the same NYHA class, 14% of patients worsened, and 13% improved. At inclusion, 22% of patients had no HCM-related treatment, 56% were receiving β-blockers, 12% calcium-channel blockers, and 11% a combination of both. The incidence of cardiovascular-related hospitalization was high (35,436 hospitalizations; 117,229 per 100,000 patient-years) and this risk increased with NYHA class (from 81,247 per 100,000 patient-years for NYHA class I/II patients to 140,790 per 100,000 patient-years for NYHA class III/IV patients, p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionsPatients with obstructive HCM are at high risk of death and cardiovascular outcomes, especially those in higher NYHA classes. Despite current therapeutics, the clinical burden of symptomatic obstructive HCM remains high, supporting the need for additional therapies.
Mindfulness and decision-making for teachers—the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of experience
Authors: Almohammadi Afaf S. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the relationship between mindfulness, self-esteem, and decision-making. The study focused to examine the relationship primarily between mindfulness and decision-making, with self-esteem as a mediator and experience as a moderator among teachers in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA survey was conducted among teachers in Saudi Arabia and was completed by 525 teachers (67.8% were females and 32.2% were males, with an average age of 38.25 years, standard deviation [SD] = 8.72). Participants were Arabic-speaking teachers who were selected from public and private schools in Saudi Arabia. They were selected via direct contact with schools in Riyadh. Using the snowball spreading techniques, the teachers were recruited from elementary, middle, and high schools. Adolescent and Adult Mindfulness Scale (AAMS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Decision-Making Scale were used to obtain information on the variables.ResultsMindfulness was significantly and positively correlated with decision-making and positive self-esteem and negatively correlated with negative self-esteem. Decision-making was significantly positively correlated with positive self-esteem and negatively correlated with negative self-esteem. Moreover, positive self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and decision-making, indirectly. However, mindfulness was not predicted by decision-making through negative self-esteem. A multigroup analysis showed that the mediational model was moderated by high teaching experience.ConclusionThe results prove that mindfulness and self-esteem are associated with decision-making. Self-esteem and mindfulness for teachers increase their awareness of the problems they face daily in the classroom. Additionally, more experienced teachers are more confident and portray better decision-making skills.
Investigation of a transformer-based hybrid artificial neural networks for climate data prediction and analysis
Authors: Liu Shangke , Liu Ke , Wang Zheng , Liu Yuanyuan , Bai Bin , Zhao Rui 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionClimate change isone of the major challenges facing the world today, causing frequent extreme weather events that significantly impact human production, life, and the ecological environment. Traditional climate prediction models largely rely on the simulation of physical processes. While they have achieved some success, these models still face issues such as complexity, high computational cost, and insufficient handling of multivariable nonlinear relationships.MethodsIn light of this, this paper proposes a hybrid deep learning model based on Transformer-Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to improve the accuracy of climate predictions. Firstly, the Transformer model is introduced to capture the complex patterns in cimate data time series through its powerful sequence modeling capabilities. Secondly, CNN is utilized to extract local features and capture short-term changes. Lastly, LSTM is adept at handling long-term dependencies, ensuring the model can remember and utilize information over extended time spans.Results and DiscussionExperiments conducted on temperature data from Guangdong Province in China validate the performance of the proposed model. Compared to four different climate prediction decomposition methods, the proposed hybrid model with the Transformer method performs the best. The resuts also show that the Transformer-CNN-LSTM hybrid model outperforms other hybrid models on five evaluation metrics, indicating that the proposed model provides more accurate predictions and more stable fitting results.
Characteristics of the macroinvertebrate community structure and their habitat suitability conditions in the Chishui River
Authors: Li Xinyu , Yan Long , Zhi Xu , Hu Peng , Shang Chongju , Zhao Baolong 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAs an important tributary of the upper Yangtze River without dams, the study of the macroinvertebrate community structure and habitat suitability conditions in the Chishui River holds significant implications for water ecological conservation and restoration.MethodsIn order to explore the species composition, community characteristics and their ecological needs of macroinvertebrates in the Chishui River, 26 sampling sites were deployed in the Chishui River in this study in March (dry season), July (wet season), and November (normal season) of 2023 and performed community structure analysis.ResultsA total of 153 macroinvertebrate taxa were identified, with 62 taxa recorded in the dry season, 46 in the wet season and 115 in the normal season. The assemblage was predominantly composed of aquatic insects from the EPT group (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera). The results of ANOSIM analysis indicate that the species composition of macroinvertebrates varies significantly across different water periods. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef index were significantly higher during the normal season compared to the dry and wet seasons. In contrast, the Pielou index and Simpson index remained relatively stable, suggesting a higher level of evenness in community structure across the different water periods. Based on the habitat suitability curves, Corbicula fluminea and Heptagenia prefer environments with high flow velocities and substrate particle sizes (D50) smaller than 300 mm. Hydropsyche sp.1 and Baetis thrive in environments with medium to low water depths, high flow velocities, and D50 ranging from 100 to 300 mm. Caridina favor deeper waters, low flow velocities, and larger substrate particles. The GAM fitting results revealed that the number of macroinvertebrate taxa increased with rising pondus hydrogenii (pH) and electrical conductivity (EC) levels. Species richness initially declined and then rose within certain thresholds of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. The optimal conditions for macroinvertebrate communities in the Chishui River were determined to be a DO concentration of 9.8 mg/L and an NH3-N concentration of 0.12 mg/L.DiscussionOverall, the macroinvertebrate community structure in the Chishui River is significantly influenced by factors such as water quality, flow velocity, and substrate particle size, and it demonstrates strong adaptability to seasonal variations.
In silico design of an epitope-based vaccine ensemble for fasliolopsiasis
Authors: Konhar Ruchishree , Das Kanhu Charan , Nongrum Aiboklang , Samal Rohan Raj , Sarangi Shailesh Kumar , Biswal Devendra Kumar 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionFasciolopsiasis, a food-borne intestinal disease is most common in Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Pigs are the reservoir host, and fasciolopsiasis is most widespread in locations where pigs are reared and aquatic plants are widely consumed. Human infection has been most commonly documented in China, Bangladesh, Southeast Asia, and parts of India. It predominates in school-age children, and significant worm burdens are not uncommon. The causal organism is Fasciolopsis buski, a giant intestinal fluke that infects humans and causes diarrhoea, fever, ascites, and intestinal blockage. The increasing prevalence of medication resistance and the necessity for an effective vaccination make controlling these diseases challenging.MethodsOver the last decade, we have achieved major advances in our understanding of intestinal fluke biology by in-depth interrogation and analysis of evolving F. buski omics datasets. The creation of large omics datasets for F. buski by our group has accelerated the discovery of key molecules involved in intestinal fluke biology, toxicity, and virulence that can be targeted for vaccine development. Finding successful vaccination antigen combinations from these huge number of genes/proteins in the available omics datasets is the key in combating these neglected tropical diseases. In the present study, we developed an in silico workflow to select antigens for composing a chimeric vaccine, which could be a significant technique for developing a fasciolopsiasis vaccine that prevents the parasite from causing serious harm.Results and discussionThis chimeric vaccine can now be tested experimentally and compared to other vaccine candidates to determine its potential influence on human health. Although the results are encouraging, additional validation is needed both in vivo and in vitro. Considering the extensive genetic data available for intestinal flukes that has expanded with technological advancements, we may need to reassess our methods and suggest a more sophisticated technique in the future for identifying vaccine molecules.
Motivations regarding continuing or terminating pregnancy in women with high-risk pregnancies: a scoping review
Authors: Antunes Mónica , Galhanas Ana , Vitorino Ana Lúcia , Palma Sara , Frias Ana 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe decisions of women with high-risk pregnancies to continue or terminate a pregnancy are complex and influenced by various factors. This scoping review synthesises the qualitative literature on the underlying motivations influencing these decisions.AimThis analysis explores the underlying motivations that influence women's decisions regarding the continuation or termination of pregnancy, considering the challenges and dilemmas this population faces.MethodsThis review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology. No date restrictions were applied to the search. Titles and abstracts were screened to select original studies, and cross-checking was performed to avoid case overlap. We included studies that focused on the factors influencing women's decisions to either continue or terminate pregnancies when complications arose.ResultsEighteen studies involving women from different countries and cultural contexts were included. The review identifies four main themes driving these decisions: health considerations, religious convictions, social and political factors and ethical and moral dilemmas. Each theme interlinks to form a complex web of influences that significantly shape women's choices, illustrating how deeply personal, societal, and ethical contexts converge in these critical decisions. Significant emotional and cognitive factors, particularly hope, also play a crucial role. The findings highlight the complexity of the decision-making process and provide a deeper understanding of the personal, social, and spiritual dimensions involved.ConclusionsMultiple factors shape the complex decisions of women with high-risk pregnancies. Understanding these motivations is crucial to providing appropriate support and counselling. This review underscores the need for healthcare professionals to be aware of the diversity of factors involved and to adopt an individualized and context-sensitive approach in their practice, guiding their future actions.