bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Routine Preoperative Frailty Assessment With 1-Year Postoperative Mortality
Authors: Varley Patrick R. , Buchanan Dan , Bilderback Andrew , Wisniewski Mary Kay , Johanning Jason , Nelson Joel B. , Johnson Jonas T. , Minnier Tamra , Hall Daniel E. 
Published: February 2023

ImportancePatient frailty is a known risk factor for adverse outcomes following surgery, but data are limited regarding whether systemwide interventions related to frailty are associated with improved patient outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a frailty screening initiative (FSI) is associated with reduced late-term mortality after elective surgery.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis quality improvement study with an interrupted time series analysis used data from a longitudinal cohort of patients in a multihospital, integrated health care system in the US. Beginning in July 2016, surgeons were incentivized to measure frailty with the Risk Analysis Index (RAI) for all patients considering elective surgery. Implementation of the BPA occurred in February 2018. The cutoff for data collection was May 31, 2019. Analyses were conducted between January and September 2022.ExposuresThe exposure of interest was an Epic Best Practice Alert (BPA) used to identify patients with frailty (RAI ≥42) and prompt surgeons to document a frailty-informed shared decision-making process and consider additional evaluation by a multidisciplinary presurgical care clinic or the primary care physician.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was 365-day mortality after the elective surgical procedure. Secondary outcomes included 30-day and 180-day mortality as well as the proportion of patients referred for additional evaluation based on documented frailty.ResultsA total of 50 463 patients with at least 1 year of postsurgical follow-up (22 722 before intervention implementation and 27 741 after) were included (mean [SD] age, 56.7 [16.0] y; 57.6% women). Demographic characteristics, RAI score, and operative case mix, as defined by Operative Stress Score, were similar between time periods. After BPA implementation, the proportion of frail patients referred to a primary care physician and presurgical care clinic increased significantly (9.8% vs 24.6% and 1.3% vs 11.4%, respectively; both P &amp;lt; .001). Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated an 18% reduction in the odds of 1-year mortality (0.82; 95% CI, 0.72-0.92; P &amp;lt; .001). Interrupted time series models demonstrated a significant slope change in the rate of 365-day mortality from 0.12% in the preintervention period to −0.04% in the postintervention period. Among patients triggering the BPA, estimated 1-year mortality changed by −4.2% (95% CI, −6.0% to −2.4%).Conclusions and RelevanceThis quality improvement study found that implementation of an RAI-based FSI was associated with increased referrals of frail patients for enhanced presurgical evaluation. These referrals translated to a survival advantage among frail patients of similar magnitude to those observed in a Veterans Affairs health care setting, providing further evidence for both the effectiveness and generalizability of FSIs incorporating the RAI.
Geographic Variation in Disease Burden and Mismatch in Care of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United States
Authors: Dowell Sharon , Yun Huifeng , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Chen Lang , Xie Fenglong , Pedra‐Nobre Manuela , Wollaston Dianne , Najmey Sawsan , Elliott Cynthia Lawrence , Ford Theresa Lawrence , North Heather , Dore Robin , Dolatabadi Soha , Ramanujam Thaila , Kennedy Stacy , Ott Stephanie , Jileaeva Ilona , Richardson Amina , Kaine Jeffrey , Wright Grace , Kerr Gail S. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveOur objective was to evaluate the factors associated with regional variation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease burden in the US.MethodsIn a retrospective cohort analysis of Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) registry data, seropositivity, RA disease activity (Clinical Disease Activity Index [CDAI], Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data–version 3 [RAPID3]), socioeconomic status (SES), geographic region, health insurance type, and comorbidity burden were recorded. An Area Deprivation Index score of more than 80 defined low SES. Median travel distance to practice sites’ zip codes was calculated. Linear regression was used to analyze associations between RA disease activity and comorbidity adjusting for age, sex, geographic region, race, and insurance type.ResultsEnrollment data for 184,722 patients with RA from 182 RISE sites were analyzed. Disease activity was higher in African American patients, in those from Southern regions, and in those with Medicaid or Medicare coverage. Greater comorbidity was prevalent in patients in the South and those with Medicare or Medicaid coverage. There was moderate correlation between comorbidity and disease activity (Pearson coefficient: RAPID3 0.28, CDAI 0.15). High‐deprivation areas were mainly in the South. Less than 10% of all participating practices cared for more than 50% of all Medicaid recipients. Patients living more than 200 miles away from specialist care were located mainly in Southern and Western regions.ConclusionA disproportionately large portion of socially deprived, high comorbidity, and Medicaid‐covered patients with RA were cared for by a minority of rheumatology practices. Studies are needed in high‐deprivation areas to establish more equitable distribution of specialty care for patients with RA.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Laden Composite β Cell Porous Microgel for Diabetes Treatment
Authors: Sun Ji , Li Jingbo , Huan Zhikun , Pandol Stephen J. , Liu Dechen , Shang Luoran , Li Ling 
Published: February 2023

AbstractType 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by the autoimmune damage of pancreatic β cells. As an alternative to continuous exogenous insulin administration of insulin, β cell transplantation is shown to provide an alternative approach for controlling hyperglycemia in diabetes. However, β cell transplantation faces significant challenges of low β cell proliferation and immunologic insults. Thus, novel approaches capable of promoting the islet microenvironment for sustainability is highly desired. This study develops mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐laden composite β cell porous microgels (MGs) to address sustainability for the treatment of diabetes. The MGs are prepared via microfluidic droplet templates encapsulating both MSCs and β cells with porogen for creating a porous structure. In addition to offering a suitable microenvironment for nutrient delivery, the porous structure promoted β cell growth and insulin secretion. The outstanding anti‐apoptotic and immunomodulatory roles of MSCs further provide a favorable environment for β cell survival and function. On this basis, the therapeutic performance of the MGs in reducing hyperglycemia and achieving sustained glycemic control in diabetic mice is demonstrated. Collectively, these results show that the novel MGs have great potential for the treatment of diabetes providing a promising platform for clinical β cell transplantation.
Decoding Li+/Na+ Exchange Route Toward High‐Performance Mn‐Based Layered Cathodes for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Cao Bo , Chen Zhefeng , Cao Hongbin , Zhu Chen , Yang Hongkai , Li Tianyi , Xu Wenqian , Pan Feng , Zhang Mingjian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLi+/Na+ exchange has been extensively explored as an effective method to prepare high‐performance Mn‐based layered cathodes for Li‐ion batteries, since the first report in 1996 by P. G. Bruce (Nature, 1996. 381, 499–500). Understanding the detailed structural changes during the ion‐exchange process is crucial to implement the synthetic control of high‐performance layered Mn‐based cathodes, but less studied. Herein, in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, density functional theory calculations, and electrochemical tests are combined to conduct the systemic studies into the structural changes during the ion‐exchange process of an Mn‐only layered cathode O3‐type Li0.67[Li0.22Mn0.78]O2 (LLMO) from the corresponding counterpart P3‐type Na0.67[Li0.22Mn0.78]O2 (NLMO). The temperature‐resolved observations combined with theoretical calculations reveal that the Li+/Na+ exchange is favorable thermodynamically and composited with two tandem topotactic phase transitions: 1) from NLMO to a layered intermediate through ≈60% of Li+/Na+ exchange. 2) then to the final layered product LLMO through further Li insertion. Moreover, the intermediate‐dominate composite is obtained by slowing down the exchange kinetics below room temperature, showing better electrochemical performance than LLMO obtained by the traditional molten‐salt method. The findings provide guides for the synthetic control of high‐performance Mn‐based cathodes under mild conditions.
Configurationally Confined Multilevel Supramolecular Assemblies for Modulating Multicolor Luminescence
Authors: Tian Mengdi , Wang Ze , Yuan Xing , Zhang Heng , Liu Zhixue , Liu Yu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, multilevel supramolecular assemblies are reported based on sulfobutylether‐β‐cyclodextrin (SBE‐βCD) and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), which can control the topological morphology from nanoparticles to nanosheets and modulate the multicolor luminescence. Benefiting from the large cavity of CB[8] and its strong binding affinity with positively charged tetraphenylethylene pyridinium (TPE‐Py), a 1:2 stoichiometric supramolecular assembly is formed through host–guest interactions with binding constants of 2.95 × 1011 M−2 and fluorescence bathochromic shift about 35 nm due to the macrocyclic confinement effect, thereby endowing the fluorescence enhancement about 20 times when further assembled with negatively charged SBE‐βCD to form nanosheets through electrostatic interactions. In contrast, the direct assembly of TPE‐Py and SBE‐βCD can form nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions, showing only tenfold enhancement and no bathochromic shift due to the lack of macrocyclic confinement effect. After doping the near‐infrared dye acceptor sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcS4), the nanosheets structure exhibits a higher energy transfer efficiency of about 75% and a larger antenna effect of 29.3 than that of nanoparticles. The multilevel supramolecular assemblies can be used in multicolor luminescence information storage and multiple logical gate systems, providing an efficient approach for configurationally confined topological morphology regulation and luminescent materials.
Bioinspired Liquid Crystalline Spinning Enables Scalable Fabrication of High‐Performing Fibrous Artificial Muscles
Authors: Hou Wenhao , Wang Jiao , Lv Jiu‐an 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLeveraging liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) to realize scalable fabrication of high‐performing fibrous artificial muscles is of particular interest because these active soft materials can provide large, reversible, programmable deformations upon environmental stimuli. High‐performing fibrous LCEs require the used processing technology to enable shaping LCEs into micro‐scale fine fibers as thin as possible while achieving macroscopic LC orientation, which however remains a daunting challenge. Here, a bioinspired spinning technology is reported that allows for continuous, high‐speed production (fabrication speed up to 8400 m h−1) of thin and aligned LCE microfibers combined with rapid deformation (actuation strain rate up to 810% s−1), powerful actuation (actuation stress up to 5.3 MPa), high response frequency (50 Hz), and long cycle life (250 000 cycles without obvious fatigue). Inspired by liquid crystalline spinning of spiders that takes advantage of multiple drawdowns to thin and align their dragline silks, internal drawdown via tapered‐wall‐induced‐shearing and external drawdown via mechanical stretching are employed to shape LCEs into long, thin, aligned microfibers with the desirable actuation performances, which few processing technologies can achieve. This bioinspired processing technology capable of scalable production of high‐performing fibrous LCEs would benefit the development of smart fabrics, intelligent wearable devices, humanoid robotics, and other areas.
Suppressing Local Dendrite Hotspots via Current Density Redistribution Using a Superlithiophilic Membrane for Stable Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Hu Yifan , Li Zichuang , Wang Zongpeng , Wang Xunlu , Chen Wei , Wang Jiacheng , Zhong Wenwu , Ma Ruguang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLi metal anode is considered as one of the most desirable candidates for next‐generation battery due to its lowest electrochemical potential and high theoretical capacity. However, undesirable dendrite growth severely exacerbates the interfacial stability, thus damaging battery performance and bringing safety concerns. Here, an efficient strategy is proposed to stabilize Li metal anode by digesting dendrites sprout using a 3D flexible superlithiophilic membrane consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and ZnCl2 composite nanofibers (PZEM) as a protective layer. Both the experimental studies and theoretical calculations show the origin of superlithiophilicity ascribed to a strong interaction between ZnCl2 and PVDF to form the ZnF bonds. The multifield physics calculation implies effective removal of local dendrite hotspots by PZEM via a more homogeneous Li+ flux. The PZEM‐covered Li anode (PZEM@Li) exhibits superior Li deposition/stripping performance in a symmetric cell over 1100 cycles at a high current density of 5 mA cm−2. When paired with LiFePO4 (LFP), PZEM@Li|LFP full cell remains stable over 1000 cycles at 2 C with a degradation rate of 0.0083% per cycle. This work offers a new route for efficient protection of Li metal anode for practical applications.
Conjugated Imine Polymer Synthesized via Step‐Growth Metathesis for Highly Stable Silicon Nanoparticle Anodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Martin Trevor R. , Rynearson Leah , Kuller Mackenzie , Quinn Joseph , Wang Chongmin , Lucht Brett , Neale Nathan R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work reports a new method to synthesize polyphenylmethanimine (polyPMI) as a linear or a hyperbranched, conjugated polymer using an aldehyde‐imine metathesis reaction. This work details the reaction mechanisms of this polymerization by characterizing a red‐shift in its absorption spectrum as polymer conjugation length increases and verifies that this optical shift results from extended π‐condensation using density functional theory. This new synthetic approach provides a polymer that can potentially be depolymerized for facile recyclability and is compatible with air‐ and water‐sensitive chemistries. As an example of the utility of this new approach, this work demonstrates that this polymer can be directly grown on silicon nanoparticles to create silicon anodes for lithium‐ion batteries with a high degree of electrochemical interfacial passivation. These silicon anodes exhibit Coulombic efficiencies above 99.9% and can accommodate silicon nanoparticle expansion and contraction during lithiation and delithiation as demonstrated by stable reversible capacities for 500 cycles. Finally, this work demonstrates that polyPMI facilitates the formation of a lithium fluoride rich solid electrolyte interphase that remains chemically and mechanically stable after long term cycling.
Sex‐specific effects of SNAP‐25 genotype on verbal memory and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in clinically normal older adults
Authors: Saloner Rowan , Paolillo Emily W. , Wojta Kevin J. , Fonseca Corrina , Gontrum Eva Q. , Lario‐Lago Argentina , Rabinovici Gil D. , Yokoyama Jennifer S. , Rexach Jessica E. , Kramer Joel H. , Casaletto Kaitlin B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe tested sex‐dependent associations of variation in the SNAP‐25 gene, which encodes a presynaptic protein involved in hippocampal plasticity and memory, on cognitive and Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuroimaging outcomes in clinically normal adults.MethodsParticipants were genotyped for SNAP‐25 rs1051312 (T > C; SNAP‐25 expression: C‐allele > T/T). In a discovery cohort (N = 311), we tested the sex by SNAP‐25 variant interaction on cognition, Aβ‐PET positivity, and temporal lobe volumes. Cognitive models were replicated in an independent cohort (N = 82).ResultsIn the discovery cohort, C‐allele carriers exhibited better verbal memory and language, lower Aβ‐PET positivity rates, and larger temporal volumes than T/T homozygotes among females, but not males. Larger temporal volumes related to better verbal memory only in C‐carrier females. The female‐specific C‐allele verbal memory advantage was evidenced in the replication cohort.ConclusionsIn females, genetic variation in SNAP‐25 is associated with resistance to amyloid plaque formation and may support verbal memory through fortification of temporal lobe architecture.Highlights
The SNAP‐25 rs1051312 (T > C) C‐allele results in higher basal SNAP‐25 expression.
C‐allele carriers had better verbal memory in clinically normal women, but not men.
Female C‐carriers had higher temporal lobe volumes, which predicted verbal memory.
Female C‐carriers also exhibited the lowest rates of amyloid‐beta PET positivity.
The SNAP‐25 gene may influence female‐specific resistance to Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Effects of risk factors on longitudinal changes in brain structure and function in the progression of AD
Authors: Verovnik Barbara , Khachatryan Elvira , Šuput Dušan , Van Hulle Marc M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionPast research on Alzheimer's disease (AD) has focused on biomarkers, cognition, and neuroimaging as primary predictors of its progression, albeit additional ones have recently gained attention. When turning to the prediction of the progression from one stage to another, one could benefit from the joint assessment of imaging‐based biomarkers and risk/protective factors.MethodsWe included 86 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria.ResultsOur review summarizes and discusses the results of 30 years of longitudinal research on brain changes assessed with neuroimaging and the risk/protective factors and their effect on AD progression. We group results into four sections: genetic, demographic, cognitive and cardiovascular, and lifestyle factors.DiscussionGiven the complex nature of AD, including risk factors could prove invaluable for a better understanding of AD progression. Some of these risk factors are modifiable and could be targeted by potential future treatments.
The value of maintaining cognition in patients with mild cognitive impairment: The innovation headroom and potential cost‐effectiveness of roflumilast
Authors: Handels Ron , Grimm Sabine , Blokland Arjan , Possemis Nina , Ramakers Inez , Sambeth Anke , Verhey Frans , Vos Stephanie , Joore Manuela , Prickaerts Jos , Jönsson Linus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONEarly health‐technology assessment can support discussing scarce resource allocation among stakeholders. We explored the value of maintaining cognition in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by estimating: (1) the innovation headroom and (2) the potential cost effectiveness of roflumilast treatment in this population.METHODSThe innovation headroom was operationalized by a fictive 100% efficacious treatment effect, and the roflumilast effect on memory word learning test was assumed to be associated with 7% relative risk reduction of dementia onset. Both were compared to Dutch setting usual care using the adapted International Pharmaco‐Economic Collaboration on Alzheimer's Disease (IPECAD) open‐source model.RESULTSThe total innovation headroom expressed as net health benefit was 4.2 (95% bootstrap interval: 2.9–5.7) quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs). The potential cost effectiveness of roflumilast was k€34 per QALY.DISCUSSIONThe innovation headroom in MCI is substantial. Although the potential cost effectiveness of roflumilast treatment is uncertain, further research on its effect on dementia onset is likely valuable.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenolysis of Aryl Triflates for Construction of Axially Chiral Biaryls
Authors: Li Xiang , Wang Gao‐Wei , Liu Li‐Xia , Yu Chang‐Bin , Zhou Yong‐Gui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHere we report the first palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenolysis of readily available aryl triflates via desymmetrization and kinetic resolution for facile construction of axially chiral biaryl scaffolds with excellent enantioselectivities and s selectivity factors. The axially chiral monophosphine ligands could be prepared from these chiral biaryl compounds and were further applied to palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation with excellent ee values and high branched and linear ratio, which demonstrated the potential utility of this methodology.
Effect of organically modified titania and zirconia nanoparticles on characteristics, properties of coating based on acrylic emulsion polymer for outdoor applications
Authors: Dao Phi Hung , Phung Lan Thi , Nguyen Anh Hiep , Mac Van Phuc , Nguyen Xuan Thai , Nguyen Thuy Chinh , Dinh Thi My Binh , Vu Quoc Trung , Thai Hoang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEffect of titania nanoparticles modified with 3 wt% [3‐(methacrylloxy)propyl]trimethoxysilane (m‐TiO2 NPs) and zirconia nanoparticles modified with 3 wt% (3‐glycidyloxypropyl)triethoxysilane (m‐ZrO2 NPs) on properties and morphology of acrylic emulsion polymer coating was investigated. With suitable weight ratio of m‐TiO2/m‐ZrO2 NPs, the acrylic coating could be improved abrasion resistance, weather durability, reflectance index (400–1400 nm) as well as thermal‐oxidation stability in comparison with the coatings having the same content of single modified nanoparticles. The starting thermal degradation temperature of acrylic coating filled by mixture of m‐TiO2 NPs and m‐ZrO2 NPs was approximately 10°C higher than that of the acrylic coating contained separately modified nanoparticles. The mixture of m‐TiO2 NPs and m‐ZrO2 NPs were used in solar reflective paint. Replacement of rutile TiO2 microparticles by 1 wt% mixture of modified nanoparticles, the solar reflective paint (SRP) could be improved water resistance and cooling performance. The water permeability of the SRP coating with mixture of modified nanoparticles was reduced by nearly 50%. The results of cooling performance test indicated that SRP loaded 1 wt% (m‐TiO2 NPs and m‐ZrO2 NPs) (weight ratio of 1/1) replaced 1 wt% TiO2 microparticles could reduce outside temperature of chamber test by nearly 11°C and ambient inside temperature of chamber test by 7.5°C. This novel solar reflective paint is considered as promising material for outdoor applications.
Surface modification of the Nylon 6,6 and wasted glass fiber‐Nylon 6.6 coatings using atmospheric plasma treatment
Authors: Rodríguez María del Pilar , Vázquez‐Vélez Edna , Galván‐Hernández Arturo , Martinez Horacio , Torres Alvaro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolymers tend to have low surface free energy, a significant cause of adhesion properties with other substances. Plasma treatment is an optimal method to improve surface properties. This work used a recycled glass fiber‐polymer coating, and another based on Nylon 6,6. The surface modification of both layers was carried out with an atmospheric plasma treatment at different times. Chemical analysis of the plasma treated and the untreated surface were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigated the morphology and topography surface. The plasma treatment results improve wettability and surface free energy. The contact angle decreases for Nylon 6,6 from 68° to 0° and for glass fiber‐polymer from 56° to 18°. However, the wettability remains over time in Nylon 6,6 layer, and the composite material reverts in 15 days. The high surface free energy after plasma treatment was mainly due to an increase in the polar component by inserting polar groups. The % crystallinity increases with plasma treatment due to the loss of the amorphous part of the polymer by plasma etching. AFM analysis shows an improvement in the roughness surface after treatment. These results greatly interest in enhancing adhesion with other substrates.