bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased expression of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 in astrocytomas of ascending grades
Authors: İzci Emir Kaan , Keskin Fatih , Erdi Fatih , Kaya Bulent , Karatas Yasar , Feyzioglu Bahadir , Findik Siddika , Kalkan Erdal , Esen Hasan , Guney Önder 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway controls the monitoring and degradation of important proteins and is involved in several cellular processes, such as development, differentiation, and transcriptional regulation. Recent evidence has shown that ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), a member of the deubiquitinating enzyme family that removes ubiquitin from protein substrates, is overexpressed in many types of cancer.

Aim:
This study thus examined the expression of UCH-L1 in human astrocytoma tissues.

Material and methods:
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded astrocytoma samples were obtained from 40 patients, after which histopathological examination, typing, and grading were performed. The study group included 10 histologically normal brain tissues, which served as the control group, and 10 WHO grade II, 10 WHO grade III, and 10 WHO grade IV (glioblastoma) samples. Normal brain tissue samples were obtained from the histologically normal, non-tumoral portion of the pathology specimens. UCH-L1 expression was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.

Results:
Astrocytoma tissues exhibited higher UCH-L1 expression compared to the control group. UCH-L1 overexpression increased significantly together with the increase in astrocytoma grades (from II to IV).

Conclusion:
UCH-L1 could be a good diagnostic and therapeutic marker for determining astrocytoma development and progression.
Posterior sclerectomy for persistent serous retinal detachment with secondary glaucoma in Sturge–Weber syndrome: A case report
Authors: Nurtania Ariyanie , Kiuchi Yoshiaki , Muhlisah Aisyah , Hirooka Kazuyuki , Okada Naoki , Onoe Hiromitsu , Tokumo Kana 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
A serous retinal detachment is one of the most likely ocular manifestation of Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS). This finding can frequently occur as a complication after filtering surgery to maintain the intraocular pressure (IOP). Proper treatment has been approached with choroidal hemangioma as an organ target. To the best of our knowledge, various treatments for SRD are associated with diffuse choroidal hemangioma has been approached. However, a second retinal detachment following radiation therapy has worsened the situation. Here, we report an unexpected serous retina and choroidal detachment after non penetrating trabeculectomy. Although radiation therapy has been proposed for previous detachment to the ipsilateral eye in this case, repetition radiation therapy was not suggested concerning the health and quality of life especially in for young subjects. However, the kissing choroidal detachment in this case necessitated immediate intervention. Thus, posterior sclerectomy was performed for the recurrent retinal detachment. We believe that an intervention for a SWS case related complication will remain a significant and important to share as a public health contribution.

Case presentation:
A 20 year-old male confirmed with SWS with no known family history was diagnosed with SWS. He was gain from another hospital for glaucoma therapy. On the left brain MRI showed severe hemiatrophy in the frontal and parietal lobes and leptomeningeal angioma. Although his right (RE) eye had 3 gonio surgeries, 2 Baerveldt tube shunts and Micropulse trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation, his IOP remained uncontrollable when he was 20 years old. RE IOP was in controlled after non-penetrating filtering surgery hence, his RE developed a recurrent serous retinal detachment. A posterior sclerectomy was performed in 1 quadrant of the globe to drain subretinal fluid.

Conclusion:
Sclerectomies to the inferotemporal quadrant of the globe for serous retinal detachment associated with SWS are considered efficient for optimal drain subretinal fluid, resulting in complete regression of detachment.
Efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for secondary sleep disorders: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Liu Shiping , Liu Jie , Su Jinfeng , Zhang Fuli 
Published: June 2023

Background:
To explore the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) for secondary insomnia through a meta-analysis and a systematic review.

Methods:
The CNKI, Wanfang, VIP database, Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library were retrieved. The retrieval date was February 28, 2023. Two independent reviewers conducted literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias (ROB) assessment. The revised Cochrane ROB tool was used to assess the ROB in included studies. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 15.0.

Results:
Thirteen randomized controlled studies were included, involving 820 patients, including 414 patients in EA group and 406 patients in the control group. Compared with the control group, EA could improve secondary insomnia overall responses (relative risk = 3.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.87, 8.13], P < .001), reduce Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (mean difference [MD] = −2.26, 95% CI [−4.14, −0.37], P = .02), reduce Athens Insomnia Scale score (MD = −0.57, 95% CI [−2.70, 1.56], P = .60), prolonged total sleep time (MD = 2.63, 95% CI [−0.59, 5.86], P = .11), and not increase adverse events (relative risk = 0.50, 95% CI [0.18, 1.44], P = .20).

Conclusion:
EA may be a promising treatment for secondary sleep disorders; however, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Depression and macrophages: A bibliometric and visual analysis from 2000 to 2022
Authors: Zhou Xiayun , Luo Fei , Shi Guoao , Chen Ruiming , Zhou Peng 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Macrophages are closely related to the occurrence and development of depression, but there are few bibliometric studies on the role of macrophages in depression. We aim to examine the current state and frontier trends of the research on macrophages in depression from 2000 to 2022 in this study, so as to establish a new direction for follow-up research.

Methods:
The literature scan covering the period 2000 to 2022 was performed on macrophages in depression, which were analyzed with Citespace 6.1.R2 and VOSviewer 1.6.18 after manual screening, including country publications, institutions, authors, journals, keywords, and references.

Results:
This study included 387 papers in total. There has been an increase in the number of published papers since 2009. In terms of productivity, the United States and Ohio State University are the most productive countries and institutions. The most cited author is Maes M, cited 173 times, which has made a great contribution to the study of macrophages in depression. In terms of publications, Pariante CM, Drexhage HA. have the largest number, each author with five. Brain Behavior and Immunity is the most published and cited journals. The highest burst intensity keyword is microglia, and the highest burst intensity reference is Dowlati Y, 2010.

Conclusion:
Research hotspots and trends are analyzed and predicted in this study, which will facilitate the development of macrophage research in depression, so as to provide a reference for further research in this field.
Exploring the active ingredients and mechanism of Shenzhi Tongxin capsule against microvascular angina based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Xuan Xiaoyu , Zhang Shiliang 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Microvascular angina (MVA) substantially threatens human health, and the Shenzhi Tongxin (SZTX) capsule demonstrates a remarkable cardioprotective effect, making it a potential treatment option for MVA. However, the precise mechanism of action for this medication remains unclear. This study utilized network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to investigate the active components and potential mechanisms underlying the efficacy of the SZTX capsule in alleviating MVA.

Methods:
The main ingredients of the SZTX capsule, along with their targets proteins and potential disease targets associated with MVA, were extracted from public available databases. This study utilized the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to establish a protein–protein interaction network and determine key signaling pathway targets. Subsequently, the DAVID database was utilized to conduct Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses on the intersection targets. To further investigate the molecular interactions, Autodock and PyMOL software were employed to perform molecular docking and visualize the resulting outcomes.

Results:
A total of 130 and 142 bioactive ingredients and intersection targets were identified respectively. Six core targets were obtained through protein–protein interaction network analysis. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that 610 biological processes, 75 cellular components, and 92 molecular functions were involved. The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that SZTX capsule molecular mechanism in the treatment of MVA may be related to several pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinases, PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, and others. The results of molecular docking showed that the 7 key active ingredients of SZTX capsule had good binding ability to 6 core proteins.

Conclusion:
SZTX capsule potentially exerts its effects by targeting multiple signaling pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. This multi-target approach enables SZTX capsule to inhibit inflammation, alleviate oxidative stress, regulate angiogenesis, and enhance endothelial function.
Familial hemophagocytic phohistiocytosis induced by PRF1 mutation with neurologic manifestations as the initial clinical presentations: A case report
Authors: You Yang , Wu Wenjuan , Li Baoguang 
Published: June 2023

Background:
To investigate the clinical characteristics of familial hemophagocytic phohistiocytosis (FHL) induced by PRF1 gene mutation and with central nervous injury as the initial presentation.

Case presentation:
Herein, we presented 2 cases of a familial hemophagocytic syndrome caused by PRF1 gene mutation in 1 family with central nervous injury as the first symptom and searched relevant literature for clinical analysis of its pathogenic characteristics. Two children from 1 family were included in this study, both of whom had complex heterozygous mutations of C. 1189_1190dupTG (p.H398Afs*23) and C. 394G>A (p.G132R). Literature search further revealed 20 cases of PRF1 gene mutation-induced familial FHL with central nervous injury as the initial presentation. The main neurological symptoms included cranial nerve injury (81.8%), convulsion (77.3%), ataxia (63.6%), encephalopathy (59.1%), and limb paralysis (40.9%). Cranial imaging findings were dominated by the cerebral hemisphere (100%), cerebellar hemisphere (85%), brainstem (55%), and periventricular white matter (40%), and 73.7% of cases had elevated white blood cell count in CSF. Most cases were confirmed by differential diagnosis and gene sequencing, which suggested that C. 673C>T (P.r225W), C. 394G>A (P.G132r), C. 666C>A (p.H222Q), C. 1349C>T (p.T450M), C. 1349C>T (p.T450M), and C. 443C>C (p.A148G) could be focal mutations of this disease.

Conclusion:
Lesions involving the cerebellum and brainstem in children with ataxia and cranial nerve damage could be indicative of primary FHL; thus, the inherent immune test and gene test should be timely performed to help confirm the diagnosis, guide the treatment, and improve the prognosis.
Thermal ablative therapies in the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Manner Hendrik 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
Thermal ablatives therapies have seen an expanding role in gastrointestinal endoscopy during the last years. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the currently available techniques.

Recent findings
In the upper gastrointestinal tract, mainly in early Barrett's neoplasia, endoscopic ablation strategies ranging from RFA to Hybrid-APC are, together with resection strategies, the main part of the armamentarium. In the small intestine, argon plasma coagulation (APC) can be effectively used for the treatment of angiodysplasias. In the lower gastrointestinal tract, APC and RFA are mainly used. In tumour obstruction, thermal ablation is used to reopen the lumen. The selection of available techniques is still increasing.

Summary
The variety of ablation techniques enables the endoscopist to choose the appropriate ablation tool for each individual patient.
Interpretation of serum pancreatic enzymes in pancreatic and nonpancreatic conditions
Authors: Bush Nikhil , Akshintala Venkata S. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
Serum levels of amylase and lipase can be elevated in nonpancreatic conditions that may or may not be associated with abdominal pain. This leads to a large proportion of patients being falsely labeled as having acute pancreatitis. In this review, we aim to summarize the existing evidence on pancreatic enzyme elevation in various pancreatic and nonpancreatic conditions and its practical implications in clinical practice and healthcare.

Recent findings
Serum amylase and lipase levels are not specific for pancreatitis. Attempts have been made to validate newer biomarkers including pancreatic elastase, serum trypsin, urinary trypsinogen-activated peptide, phospholipase A2, carboxypeptidase B, activated peptide of carboxypeptidase B, the trypsin 2 alpha 1 activation complex, and circulating cell-free DNA for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.

Summary
Serum lipase levels can be elevated in many intra-abdominal inflammatory conditions. Although more sensitive and specific than amylase, serum lipase levels are not sufficient to diagnose acute pancreatitis in patients with abdominal pain. There is a need to increase stress on radiological evidence as well increase cut-off levels of enzyme elevation for a more accurate diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.
Management of eagle syndrome
Authors: Sharifi Alireza , Kouhi Ali 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of reviewEagle syndrome is a challenging clinical presentation with important potential complications. It can be misdiagnosed due to lack of awareness; this review provides information in terms of diagnosis and management of eagle syndrome.Recent findingsThe importance of early diagnosis of this rare disease is preventing the delay in clinical-surgical treatment. As there is not a universally accepted cut-off for styloid process length, the diagnosis should be confirmed by length of process greater than one-third of the length of mandibular ramus in addition to other clinical symptoms and signs. There are both surgical and pharmacological treatment options for these patients.SummaryEagle syndrome is a rare clinical condition and its diagnosis is made by physical examination and radiography. When it is suspected by physical examination, definitive diagnosis is confirmed by computed tomography scans of the skull, as the gold standard. Location, degree of elongation of styloid process, and severity and reproducibility of symptoms are important factors in deciding the most appropriate approach. Surgery is frequently the treatment of choice in Eagle syndrome patients. With proper diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis is favourable and recurrence is uncommon.
Emergency Department Volume and Delayed Diagnosis of Pediatric Appendicitis
Authors: Michelson Kenneth A , Bachur Richard G , Rangel Shawn J , Monuteaux Michael C , Mahajan Prashant , Finkelstein Jonathan A 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To determine the association of emergency department (ED) volume of children and delayed diagnosis of appendicitis.

Summary Background Data:
Delayed diagnosis of appendicitis is common in children. The association between ED volume and delayed diagnosis is uncertain, but diagnosis-specific experience might improve diagnostic timeliness.

Methods:
Using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project 8-state data from 2014-2019, we studied all children with appendicitis <18 years old in all EDs. The main outcome was probable delayed diagnosis: >75% likelihood that a delay occurred based on a previously validated measure. Hierarchical models tested associations between ED volumes and delay, adjusting for age, sex, and chronic conditions. We compared complication rates by delayed diagnosis occurrence.

Results:
Among 93,136 children with appendicitis, 3,293 (3.5%) had delayed diagnosis. Each twofold increase in ED volume was associated with an 6.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2, 11.3) decreased odds of delayed diagnosis. Each twofold increase in appendicitis volume was associated with a 24.1% (95% CI 21.0, 27.0) decreased odds of delay. Those with delayed diagnosis were more likely to receive intensive care (odds ratio [OR] 1.81, 95% CI 1.48, 2.21), have perforated appendicitis (OR 2.81, 95% CI 2.62, 3.02), undergo abdominal abscess drainage (OR 2.49, 95% CI 2.16, 2.88), have multiple abdominal surgeries (OR 2.56, 95% CI 2.13, 3.07), or develop sepsis (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.61, 2.54).

Conclusions:
Higher ED volumes were associated with a lower risk of delayed diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis. Delay was associated with complications.
Propranolol Normalizes Metabolomic Signatures Thereby Improving Outcomes After Burn
Authors: Rehou Sarah , de Brito Monteiro Lauar , Auger Christopher , Knuth Carly M. , Abdullahi Abdikarim , Stanojcic Mile , Jeschke Marc G. 
Published: June 2023

Objective and Background:
Propranolol, a nonselective beta-receptor blocker, improves outcomes of severely burned patients. While the clinical and physiological benefits of beta-blockade are well characterized, the underlying metabolic mechanisms are less well defined. We hypothesized that propranolol improves outcomes after burn injury by profoundly modulating metabolic pathways.

Methods:
In this phase II randomized controlled trial, patients with burns ≥20% of total body surface area were randomly assigned to control or propranolol (dose given to decrease heart rate <100 bpm). Outcomes included clinical markers, inflammatory and lipidomic profiles, untargeted metabolomics, and molecular pathways.

Results:
Fifty-two severely burned patients were enrolled in this trial (propranolol, n=23 and controls, n=29). There were no significant differences in demographics or injury severity between groups. Metabolomic pathway analyses of the adipose tissue showed that propranolol substantially alters several essential metabolic pathways involved in energy and nucleotide metabolism, as well as catecholamine degradation (P<0.05). Lipidomic analysis revealed that propranolol-treated patients had lower levels of proinflammatory palmitic acid (P<0.05) and saturated fatty acids (P<0.05) with an increased ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (P<0.05), thus shifting the lipidomic profile towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype after burn (P<0.05). These metabolic effects were mediated by decreased activation of hormone-sensitive lipase at serine 660 (P<0.05) and significantly reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress by decreasing phospho-JNK (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
Propranolol’s ability to mitigate pathophysiological changes to essential metabolic pathways results in significantly improved stress responses.
Neuronal wiring diagram of an adult brain
Authors: Dorkenwald Sven , Matsliah Arie , Sterling Amy R , Schlegel Philipp , Yu Szi-chieh , McKellar Claire E. , Lin Albert , Costa Marta , Eichler Katharina , Yin Yijie , Silversmith Will , Schneider-Mizell Casey , Jordan Chris S. , Brittain Derrick , Halageri Akhilesh , Kuehner Kai , Ogedengbe Oluwaseun , Morey Ryan , Gager Jay , Kruk Krzysztof , Perlman Eric , Yang Runzhe , Deutsch David , Bland Doug , Sorek Marissa , Lu Ran , Macrina Thomas , Lee Kisuk , Bae J. Alexander , Mu Shang , Nehoran Barak , Mitchell Eric , Popovych Sergiy , Wu Jingpeng , Jia Zhen , Castro Manuel , Kemnitz Nico , Ih Dodam , Bates Alexander Shakeel , Eckstein Nils , Funke Jan , Collman Forrest , Bock Davi D. , Jefferis Gregory S.X.E. , Seung H. Sebastian , Murthy Mala ,   the FlyWire Consortium
Published: June 2023

AbstractConnections between neurons can be mapped by acquiring and analyzing electron microscopic (EM) brain images. In recent years, this approach has been applied to chunks of brains to reconstruct local connectivity maps that are highly informative, yet inadequate for understanding brain function more globally. Here, we present the first neuronal wiring diagram of a whole adult brain, containing 5×107chemical synapses between ∼130,000 neurons reconstructed from a femaleDrosophila melanogaster. The resource also incorporates annotations of cell classes and types, nerves, hemilineages, and predictions of neurotransmitter identities. Data products are available by download, programmatic access, and interactive browsing and made interoperable with other fly data resources. We show how to derive a projectome, a map of projections between regions, from the connectome. We demonstrate the tracing of synaptic pathways and the analysis of information flow from inputs (sensory and ascending neurons) to outputs (motor, endocrine, and descending neurons), across both hemispheres, and between the central brain and the optic lobes. Tracing from a subset of photoreceptors all the way to descending motor pathways illustrates how structure can uncover putative circuit mechanisms underlying sensorimotor behaviors. The technologies and open ecosystem of the FlyWire Consortium set the stage for future large-scale connectome projects in other species.
Genome-wide analysis of promoter contacts identifies novel regulators of late-stage adipogenesis
Authors: Sandovici Ionel , Mifsud Borbala , Emery Amy , Gulati Pawan , Kentistou Katherine A. , Banu Ayesha , Campbell Niamh , Hardwick Bryn S. , Crooks Alex T. , Fernandez-Twinn Denise S. , Mennitti Lais V. , Srour Luma , Awad Sherine , Chiarugi Davide , Hamilton Russell S. , Wingett Steven W. , Fraser Peter , Ong Ken K. , Schoenfelder Stefan , Mohammad Farhan , O’Rahilly Stephen , Perry John R.B. , Venkitaraman Ashok R. , Ozanne Susan E. , Constância Miguel 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYAdipogenesis is a multi-step process, with epigenetic mechanisms and dynamic 3D chromatin folding thought to play important regulatory roles. However, the kinetics and functional roles of promoter contacts during late-stage adipogenesis are unknown. Here, using multi-omics approaches, we found evidence for promoter switching and widespread 3D rewiring of promoter contacts, as well as changes in the transcriptome and epigenome in late-stage adipogenesis. We identified several clusters of promoter contacts with unique temporal profiles suggesting crucial roles for distal enhancers. By integrating transcriptomics, promoter-capture Hi-C and a siRNA screen of druggable genes, we identified 19 novel regulators of late-stage adipogenesis, over half of which have peptidase or ubiquitin-protein ligase activities. Population-based genetic analyses showed that three of the 19 genes (LAP3,CELA1andGPR157) are involved in regulation of adiposity in humans. These findings shed new light on the epigenetic regulation of late-stage adipogenesis, advancing our understanding of the mechanisms that underpin the formation of functional adipocytes and identifying potential targets for preventing/treating obesity and related disorders.