bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different negative biases of anxiety in discrimination and reasoning
Authors: Shen Huiqing , Huang Ruizhi , Song Yayan , Zhou Zihan , Guo Feng , Yan Shiyu , Qiu Huilin , Jiang Ke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
As an important feature of anxiety disorders, anxiety refers to the emotional response to the anticipation of future threat, and excessive anxiety is more likely to trigger multi-kinds of disease symptoms. The aim of this study was to detect different performance of high-anxiety and low-anxiety individuals to deal with the discrimination and reasoning tasks and the mutual influence between the two tasks.
Methods
A modified “reasoning-discrimination” paradigm with the discrimination (d’) of discrimination task and the projectability of the reasoning task as response variables was used. Sixty-nine participants assessed through STAI, GAD-7 and interviews, divided into two groups.
Results
The results revealed that all individuals showed emotional bias in discrimination tasks, but as to complex tasks, the d’ of the high-anxiety group was lower than that of the low-anxiety group, especially in neutral and positive conditions; in reasoning tasks, the difference between the two groups of emotional effects was not significant.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that high anxiety could impair the discrimination ability, especially the discrimination ability of the positive information, and lead to a greater negative bias. And the effects of anxiety in different cognitive domains are probably not universal, but specific.
Comparison of changes in adipokine and inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes treated with exenatide, insulin, or pioglitazone: a post-hoc study of the CONFIDENCE trial
Authors: Yang Xubin , Deng Hongrong , Lv Jing , Chen Xueyan , Zeng Longyi , Weng Jianping , Liang Hua , Xu Wen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Adipokines and inflammatory cytokines (ADICs) play important roles in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to compare the changes of ADIC levels (ΔADICs) in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM treated with different antihyperglycemic agents, and further investigate the impact of these changes on metabolic indices, β-cell function and insulin resistance (IR).
Methods
Four hundred and sixteen patients with newly diagnosed T2DM from 25 centers in China randomly received 48-week intervention with exenatide, insulin or pioglitazone. Anthropometric and laboratory data, indices of β-cell function and IR, and levels of AIDCs, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), leptin, and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) were detected at baseline and the end of the study.
Results
In total, 281 participants (68% male, age: 50.3 ± 9.4 years) completed the study. After 48- week treatment, LgIL-1β and LgIFN-γ were significantly decreased with exenatide treatment (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively), but increased with insulin (P = 0.009 and P = 0.026, respectively). However, pioglitazone treatment had no impact on ADICs. No significant change in Lgleptin or LgFGF21 was detected with any of the treatments. After adjustment for baseline values and changes of body weight and HbA1c, significant differences were seen between the exenatide group and the insulin group and between the exenatide group and the pioglitazone group for both ΔLgIL-1β (P = 0.033 and P < 0.001, respectively) and ΔLgIFN-γ (P = 0.040 and P < 0.001, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that Δweight was associated with ΔLgIL-1β (β = 0.753; 95% CI, 0.137–1.369; P = 0.017). After adjusting for treatment effects, Δweight was also found to be correlated with ΔLgFGF21 (β = 1.097; 95%CI, 0.250–1.944; P = 0.012). Furthermore, ΔLgHOMA-IR was associated with ΔLgleptin, both before (β = 0.085; 95%CI, 0.008–0.162; P = 0.030) and after (β = 0.078; 95%CI, 0.008–0.147; P = 0.029) adjusting for treatment effects. ΔLgHOMA-IR was significantly associated with ΔLgIL-1β before (β = 0.067; 95%CI, 0.006–0.127; P = 0.030), but not after (P = 0.513), adjusting for treatment effects.
Conclusion
Exenatide treatment led to significant changes of inflammatory cytokines levels (IL-1β and IFN-γ), but not adipokines (leptin and FGF21), in newly diagnosed T2DM patients. The exenatide-mediated improvement in weight and IR may be associated with a decrease in inflammatory cytokine levels.
A New Scheme for Image Compression and Encryption Using ECIES, Henon Map, and AEGAN
Authors: Shariatzadeh Mahdi , Eftekhari Mahdi , Rostami Mohammad Javad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Providing security in the transmission of images and other multimedia data has become one of the most important scientific and practical issues. In this paper, a method for compressing and encryption images is proposed, which can safely transmit images in low-bandwidth data transmission channels. At first, using the autoencoding generative adversarial network (AEGAN) model, the images are mapped to a vector in the latent space with low dimensions. In the next step, the obtained vector is encrypted using public key encryption methods. In the proposed method, Henon chaotic map is used for permutation, which makes information transfer more secure. To evaluate the results of the proposed scheme, three criteria SSIM, PSNR, and execution time have been used.
Mid-term efficacy and quality of life of total hip hemiarthroplasty and Artificial femoral head replacement for elderly patients with complex intertrochanteric fracture of femur
Authors: Yang jianfeng Ou , Chen Yongjun , Yuan hong , Qin Yi , LI Bin quan , Bai Bo , Xiang yang , Du Xiufan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the mid-term effect of total hip hemiarthroplasty (THA) and artificial femoral head replacement in the treatment of complex femoral intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly and its impact on the quality of life.
Methods: 100 elderly patients with complex intertrochanteric fracture of femur admitted to our hospital from May 2018 to April 2019 were selected as the subjects of investigation. According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into two groups: 53 patients with total hip replacement (total hip group) and 47 patients with artificial femoral head replacement (Artificial femoral head replacement group). The therapeutic effect, operation time and intraoperative bleeding volume of the two groups were compared. The time of getting out of bed after operation and the complications after operation. The hip function recovery and quality of life were compared between the two groups three months after operation.
Results: hemorrhage and blood transfusion occurs less in artificial femoral head replacement group than those in total hip group, the operation time and fracture healing time of femoral head replacement were shorter than those in total hip group as well, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in weight-bearing time between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). Before operation, there was no significant difference in Harris score, VAS score and SF-36 scale score between the two groups (P>0.05). After operation, the improvement of each scale score in the two groups was better than before treatment (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in Harris score and SF-36 scale score between the two groups (P>0.05), but the VAS Artificial femoral head replacement bipolar half hip group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Total hip arthroplasty and artificial femoral head replacement can improve hip function and quality of life in elderly patients with complex intertrochanteric fracture of femur. However, artificial femoral head replacement has less intraoperative bleeding, blood transfusion, shorter operation time and fracture healing time. Therefore, artificial femoral head replacement might be a better choice for the elderly patients with complex intertrochanteric fracture of femur.
GABA metabolism and ROS accumulation in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings under the effect of salt and osmotic stress
Authors: Al-Ajlouni Zakaria I. , AL-Quraan Nisreen A. , Al-Saqqar Hala Y. , Al-Ghzawi Abdul Latief 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGABA is a secondary metabolite that protects against oxidative damage, regulates nitrogen metabolism, and controls cytosolic pH in response to abiotic and biotic stress. This study examines the role of GABA shunt pathway response to salt and osmotic stress in three barley genotypes ("Acsad 176", "Athroh", and "Rum") interm of oxidative damage, seed germination and seedling growth as measured by glutamate decarboxylase gene (GAD) expression malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA), total proteins, total carbohydrates level, and GABA accumulation level. As Mannitol, NaCl, and sorbitol concentrations increased, seed germination decreased for all genotypes. All genotypes seedling MDA concentrations increased with increasing NaCl, mannitol, and sorbitol concentrations. Acsad 176 showed high GABA accumulation under NaCl treatment. Rum's GABA accumulation under mannitol testament increased significantly. All salt and osmotic treatments decreased chlorophyll a and b and carbohydrate content. At the same time it increased GAD transcription in all barley genotypes. Salt and osmotic stresses affected protein content in all genotypes. Acsad 176 may adapt to NaCl stress by accumulating carbohydrates more than Athroh and Rum. GABA shunt is a crucial signaling and metabolic pathway that facilitates barley's adaptation to salt and osmotic stress. In high salt and osmotic soil, Acsad 176 is the recommended genotype.
PDGF-BB/PDGFRβ induces tumour angiogenesis via enhancing PKM2 mediated by the PI3K/AKT pathway in Wilms’ tumour
Authors: Sang Bo-tao , Wang Chang-dong , Liu Xing , Guo Jia-qi , Lai Jia-yi , Wu Xiangmei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRβ) is an important member of the type III receptor tyrosine kinase family, which is involved in Wilms’ tumour (WT) metastasis and aerobic glycolysis. The role of PDGFRβ in tumour angiogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we examined the effect of PDGFRβ on angiogenesis in WT. First, the NCBI database was used to integrate three datasets, GSE2712, GSE11151, and GSE73209, and to screen differentially expressed genes. The R language was used to analyse the correlation between PDGFRB and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF )in WT. The results showed that PDGFRB, encoding PDGFRβ, was upregulated in WT, and its level was correlated with VEGFA expression. Next, PDGFRβ expression was inhibited by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or activated with the exogenous ligand PDGF-BB. The expression and secretion of the angiogenesis elated factor VEGFA in WT G401 cells were detected using Western blotting and ELISA, respectively. The effects of conditioned medium from G401 cells on endothelial cell viability, migration, invasion, total length of tube, and the number of fulcrums were investigated. To further explore the mechanism of PDGFRβ in the angiogenesis of WT, the expression of VEGFA was detected after blocking the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and inhibiting the expression of PKM2, a key enzyme of glycolysis. The results indicated that PDGFRβ regulated the process of tumour angiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt/PKM2 pathway. Therefore, this study provides a novel therapeutic strategy to target PDGFRβ and PKM2 to inhibit glycolysis and anti-angiogenesis, thus, developing a new anti-vascular therapy.
Enhanced Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks Through Hierarchical Clustering and Routing
Authors: Mandala Suresh Kumar , Baydeti Nagaraju , Baskaran Shakila 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gained an emerging importance in different application domains especially in event tracking and monitoring. The sensor nodes in WSNs are observed to have shorter lifetime due to the continuous sensing and processing operations that result in quicker energy depletion. Based on the research works carried out, it is evident that clustering in an optimal solution to reduce the energy consumption and to enhance network lifetime. It is proposed to introduce a novel clustering technique called as Energy Efficient Hierarchical Clustering (E2HC) to optimize the network lifetime while consuming minimal energy. E2HC adapts three-tier architecture comprising of Hybrid Clustering, Rotational Cluster Head Selection and Hierarchical Packet Routing. In Hybrid clustering two distinct cluster categories are proposed viz., nearby cluster and distant cluster. The selection of nearby cluster is based on three parameters: distance between sensor nodes and base station, maximum number of sensor nodes that can be included in the nearby cluster and optimal distance (distance between the base station and the distant sensor node of nearby cluster).Fuzzy C-Means Clustering algorithm is used to cluster the remaining sensor nodes into multiple distant clusters. A residual energy assisted fitness function is adopted to select the cluster head in rotational fashion. To route the information collected by the sensor nodes, hierarchical packet routing uses distance between sender and base station. Extensive analysis of simulated WSNs over the proposed E2HC shows significant improvements in reduced energy consumption and extension of the network lifetime, as compared with the existing methods.
Research on the game behavior over complex networks
Authors: Yuhang Wu , Lin Xie , Wenqing Ni , Lei Guowei , Guangsong Yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
With the development of computer technology, people gradually begin to model and study complex networks. Lots of research fruits are applied in biological networks, social networks, etc. Although the relationships between nodes and edges in complex networks have similar structural characteristics, the dynamics behaviors over these networks may reflect different performances. To explore the performances, we study the game behavior on the complex network. The impact of different initial strategy densities on the average benefits for collaborators and betrayers is simulated and analyzed. Moreover, the equilibrium density of both BA scale-free network and stochastic network is simulated under different conditions. In the end, the equilibrium density of the prisoner's dilemma between the two networks is simulated and compared. The fruits of our research will be conductive to the applications in many complex network systems.
Functionalizing natural wood and delignified wood into bio-adsorbents for removal of heavy metals in water
Authors: Beims Ramon Filipe , Kermanshahi-pour Azadeh , Xu Chunbao Charles 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Natural pinewood and delignified pinewood were functionalized into bio-adsorbent materials for water remediation, particularly for removing heavy metals (copper ions). Wood was functionalized by esterification with maleic anhydride and citric acid, which increased the content of carboxyl functional groups for the chelation of copper ions. Effects of wood delignification and functionalization on the bio-adsorbents’ adsorption capacity for copper ions in water were investigated. Cu2+ adsorption capacity and the COOH grafting density showed an almost linear correlation with wood-based bio-adsorbents. Although the delignification of wood did not impact the adsorption capacity of the delignified wood functionalized with maleic anhydride, it significantly enhanced the Cu2+ adsorption capacity (attaining 0.22 mmol/g) of the delignified wood functionalized with citric acid (with COOH content of 0.50 mmol/g). Moreover, the delignified wood functionalized with citric acid showed only a 10% loss in the adsorption capacity after three regeneration cycles with acetic acid, showing a promising application as a bio-adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metals in water.
Study on a Job Competence Evaluation System for Resident Physicians (and Postgraduates) Receiving Standardized Training
Authors: Fu Yuanzheng , Zhao Guoxiang , Shan Jie , Zeng Luxian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To establish an operable and suitable job competence evaluation system for clinical resident physicians (and postgraduates) receiving standardized training that supports quantitative assessment.
Method
By conducting a comprehensive literature review and a Delphi consultation in June 2022 for which 40 experts in clinical medicine, public health, and other related fields in China were invited. The indicators were adjusted according to the results of the consultation, and the final indicator weights were determined through an analytic hierarchy process.
Results
The response rate was 100%, and the expert authority coefficient was 0.879. The consistency among the experts on the tertiary indicators, as measured by Kendall’s W, was 0.675 (χ2 = 42.516, p < 0.001). Based on the results of the expert consultation, a job competence evaluation system for resident physicians (and postgraduates) receiving standardized training was established, which included 6 primary indicators, 18 secondary indicators, and 116 tertiary indicators. The weights for the primary indicators, namely professional quality, skills and knowledge, patient care, communication and collaboration, teaching skills, and lifelong learning, were 0.313, 0.248, 0.181, 0.083, 0.066, and 0.110, respectively. The top three secondary indicators in terms of combined weights were clinical skills (0.122), professional ethics (0.120), and professional dedication (0.109). The three tertiary indicators with the highest scores were “maintains collaboration with peers and colleagues in patient treatment,” “has clinical thinking skills, makes diagnosis and treatment decisions based on analysis of evidence, and has the ability to administer suitable treatments,” and “abides by laws and discipline and refuses to seek personal gains in medical practice”; their combined weights were 0.035, 0.028, and 0.027, respectively.
Conclusion
The preliminarily established indicator-based job competence evaluation system for resident physicians (and postgraduates) receiving standardized training is highly scientific and practical, and it provides a basis for quantitatively assessing the job competence of trainees.
Customized small-sized clinostat using 3D printing and novel polydimethylsiloxane culture dish
Authors: Park Joong Yull , Kim Daehan , Nguyen Que Thanh Thanh , Lee Seungjin , Choi Kyung-Mi , Lee Eun-Ju 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Over the past few decades, research on life in space has increased. Owing to the expensive nature of and challenges associated with conducting experiments in real space, clinostats, which create rotational motion by using motors to reduce the effect of gravity, are used to generate simulated microgravity (SMG) on Earth. However, the existing clinostat systems are complex, large, and expensive, which reduces their accessibility to researchers. Here, by using a 3D printing method, we develop a novel customized small-sized clinostat (CS clinostat) that is easy to manufacture, inexpensive, and robust. The dimensions of the CS clinostat are 282 × 140 × 252 mm3, and therefore, it can fit inside a typical 50 L incubator. The two motors of the CS clinostat rotate at 4 rpm (inner axis) and 1.8 rpm (outer axis) such that the accumulated three-axis acceleration is less than 3 × 10-2 G within 1 h. Moreover, we develop and fabricate a novel culture dish that fits inside the CS clinostat. This dish is covered with polydimethylsiloxane to facilitate gas exchange during cell culture. To validate SMG generation in the CS clinostat, we applied it to mammalian cells, OV-90, TOV-21G, and Caov-3, ovarian cancer cells. Western blotting analysis demonstrated significant reduction in Caveolin-1 expression, a biomarker of SMG, indicating SMG generation. The proposed CS clinostat system has good accessibility and reduces the barriers to SMG research, which makes it useful as a tool for biologists, who are unfamiliar with conventional clinostat equipment, to conduct preliminary studies in the space environment.
B7-H3 specific CAR-T cells exhibit potent activity against prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Gang , Li Shibao , Zhang Miaomiao , Wang Meng , Wang Haiting , Wu Han , Mao Lijun , Zhang Meng , Li Huizhong , Zheng Junnian , Ma P 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe high expression across multiple solid tumor, including prostate cancer and restricted expression in normal tissues makes B7-H3 an attractive target for immunotherapy. Among various types of tumor immunotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown remarkable success in hematological tumors. However, the potency of CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors is still limited so far. Here, we examined the expression of B7-H3 in prostate cancer tissues and cells, and developed a second-generation CAR that specifically targets B7-H3 and CD28 as costimulatory receptor to explore its tumoricidal potential against prostate cancerin vitroandin vivo. The high expression of B7-H3 was detected on both the surface of PC3, DU145 and LNCaP cells and prostate cancer tissues. B7-H3 CAR-T cells efficiently controlled the growth of prostate cancer in an antigen-dependent mannerin vitroandin vivo. What is more, tumor cells could induce the proliferation of CAR-T cells and the release of high levels of cytokines of IFN-γ and TNF-α in vitro. These findings elucidate that B7-H3 is a potential target for prostate cancer therapy, and support the clinical development of B7-H3 specific CAR-T cells for prostate cancer.
Preparation of high-performance waste polyvinyl chloride/paper biocomposites by hot pressing
Authors: Ye Haoran , Yang Yang , Jiang Jinxuan , Sun Huibo , Zhang Lei , Ge Shengbo , Zhang Yiding , Zhou Yihui , Liew Rock Keey , Zhang Zhongfeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Developing novel biocomposites from waste paper and plastic products contributes to achieving global sustainable development goals. In this paper, the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) powder and paper floc were mixed in different proportions and subjected to dry hot molding (180 ℃, 73.8 MPa, 1 h) to prepare waste PVC/paper biocomposites with excellent performance. The characterisation results show that the paper flocs treated with 3% NaOH had the best comprehensive mechanical properties (both tensile and flexural strengths of up to 183.98 MPa and 66.60 MPa, respectively). PVC/paper biocomposites generally show a downward trend in water absorption as the proportion of PVC powder in the composite increases. It was found that the rate of water absorption was only 8.29% when the ratio of PVC powder to 3% sodium hydroxide treated paper floc was 7:3. As can be seen from the SEM image of the PVC/paper biocomposite, the PVC powder fills the gap between the multiple paper fibres, thus resulting in a higher mechanical strength for the biocomposite. Based on the findings, a novel and practical method for recycling paper and plastic product wastes is demonstrated, which is in line with the development concept of low-carbon environmental protection and sustainable economic growth advocated globally.