bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 scale for evaluation of quality of life among cancer patients treated with chemotherapy: A hospital-based observational study
Authors: Gudhoor Manjula , Mathew Aneetta Thankam , Ganachari Akul Madiwalayya , Baiju Gayathri , Kulkarni Sushrut Sachchidanand , Ganachari M S 
Published: August 2023

Background In this new era of cancer management, the quality of life (QOL) is given more importance than the quantity of life. QOL evaluation studies are widely used in oncology to assess the patient's performance in different cancer types and treatment modalities. Objective To evaluate cancer patients’ QOL after various chemotherapy cycles. Methods An observational study was performed on cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in the daycare setting of a South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital for 6 months. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) questionnaire was employed to study the QOL. Results Precisely, 102 patients participated in the study, out of which the majority were in the 51 to 60 age group (24%). Female participants (65%) were more. Functional scale domains especially physical ability ( P = 0.004), role ( P = 0.033), and emotional functioning ( P = 0.01) were significantly decreased in patients treated with 4 to 6 chemotherapy cycles. Cognitive ability ( P = 0.043) significantly improved in patients treated with more than 6 chemotherapy cycles. Dyspnea ( P = 0.036) was significantly increased in patients treated with 4 to 6 chemotherapy cycles and decreased significantly with the further addition of chemotherapy cycles. Conclusion Dyspnea is a commonly observed symptom among cancer patients and is often neglected by physicians. Chronic dyspnea can negatively impact a patient's functional ability. Cancer symptoms such as dyspnea should also be given priority and need appropriate treatment. Based on the findings, further interventions can be made to improve the functional ability of cancer patients. Also, studies can be conducted to correlate with cancer rehabilitation programs to improve functional ability and complete the entire chemotherapy cycle.
Therapeutic Effectiveness of Needle Injection Versus Needle-Free Jet Injector System for Botulinum Toxin Type A in Palmar Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Watanabe Hitomi , Ohshima Yuichiro , Watanabe Daisuke 
Published: August 2023

Background The most important problem with local injections of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in palmar hyperhidrosis is pain during the injections. Objectives We evaluated therapeutic effectiveness and pain of local injections of BTX-A using needle-free direct administration system. Methods We performed BTX-A local injection therapy using a conventional injection needle in the left hand and a needle-free direct administration system in the right hand. Results A reduction in the quantity of perspiration was observed 4 weeks after administration of both Needle and Needle-free BTX-A, and reduction was maintained throughout 28 weeks observation period. Both hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale scores and Dermatology Life Quality Index for hands treated with Needle BTX-A and hands treated with Needle-free BTX-A had decreased significantly by 4 weeks after treatment. Pain visual analog scale scores and the degree of pain were significantly lower in hands treated with Needle-free BTX-A than in hands treated with Needle BTX-A. Conclusions When the trigger of the pressurized needle-free injector device is activated, the gas powered driving pressure propels BTX-A through an orifice (0.13 mm) about four times narrower than a 30 G needle at very high speed. As most pain occurs during the needle prick itself, the advantage of a small orifice coupled with high-speed penetration of BTX-A through the pressurized device results in reduced pain during administration. The needle-free direct administration system administers the injectate under the skin without a visible needle.
Telemedicine-delivered treatment for substance use disorder: A scoping review
Authors: Pham Huyen , Lin Chunqing , Zhu Yuhui , Clingan Sarah E , Lin Lewei (Allison) , Mooney Larissa J , Murphy Sean M , Campbell Cynthia I , Liu Yanping , Hser Yih-Ing 
Published: August 2023

Introduction The COVID pandemic prompted a significant increase in the utilization of telemedicine (TM) for substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. As we transition towards a “new normal” policy, it is crucial to comprehensively understand the evidence of TM in SUD treatment. This scoping review aims to summarize existing evidence regarding TM's acceptability, quality, effectiveness, access/utilization, and cost in the context of SUD treatment in order to identify knowledge gaps and inform policy decisions regarding TM for SUDs. Method We searched studies published in 2012–2022 from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and other sources. Findings were synthesized using thematic analysis. Results A total of 856 relevant articles were screened, with a final total of 42 articles included in the review. TM in SUD treatment was perceived to be generally beneficial and acceptable. TM was as effective as in-person SUD care in terms of substance use reduction and treatment retention; however, most studies lacked rigorous designs and follow-up durations were brief (≤3 months). Telephone-based TM platforms (vs video) were positively associated with older age, lower education, and no prior overdose. Providers generally consider TM to be affordable for patients, but no relevant studies were available from patient perspectives. Conclusions TM in SUD treatment is generally perceived to be beneficial and acceptable and as effective as in-person care, although more rigorously designed studies on effectiveness are still lacking. Access and utilization of TM may vary by platform. TM service quality and costs are the least studied and warrant further investigations.
Development of oral health resources and a mobile app for caregivers and autistic children through consensus building
Authors: Tan Bing Liang , Nair Rahul , Duggal Mandeep Singh , Aishworiya Ramkumar , Tong Huei Jinn 
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to (1) develop evidence-based resources and (2) test face, content validity, and usability of a newly developed mobile application (app) to equip and empower caregivers with resources and skills to promote better oral health for autistic children. A series of resources on oral health, including information on oral diseases and home care and social stories on dental visits were developed. Concurrently, an app was developed by dentists, occupational therapist and software developers. The resources underwent content validation by an international panel of paediatric dentists (Expert Working Group). Face validation of the resources and usability testing of the app by parents were then carried out. Validation and feedback were obtained by the Delphi method, with consensus set at 70% agreement. A total of 12 resources and 2 social stories were developed. Consensus was achieved among the Expert Working Group regarding the content and illustrations of the resources and social stories. Both the Expert Working Group and parents agreed that the resources were easy to read and understand. Parents also found the app easy to use, aesthetically pleasing and help them to better care for their child’s oral health. Lay Abstract Caregivers of autistic children often lack knowledge regarding oral homecare and when and where to see the dentist. To address this need, we developed a series of information on oral health. An autistic child assisted in developing two social stories to showcase a dental visit. A mobile app was developed to deliver the above mentioned. Other features include creation of customised social stories and visual schedule and an inbox to allow dentists to send messages to parents. The developed information and social stories were reviewed by experts and parents. The app also underwent anonymous and independent testing by parents. Overall the information and app were well received by the experts and parents.
History of working conditions and the risk of old-age dependency: a nationwide Swedish register-based study
Authors: Nilsen Charlotta , Agerholm Janne , Kelfve Susanne , Wastesson Jonas W. , Kåreholt Ingemar , Nabe-Nielsen Kirsten , Meinow Bettina 
Published: August 2023

Aims: There is substantial evidence that previous working conditions influence post-retirement health, yet little is known about previous working conditions’ association with old-age dependency. We examined job strain, hazardous and physical demands across working life, in relation to the risk of entering old-age dependency of care. Methods: Individually linked nationwide Swedish registers were used to identify people aged 70+ who were not receiving long-term care (residential care or homecare) at baseline (January 2014). Register information on job titles between the years 1970 and 2010 was linked with a job exposure matrix of working conditions. Random effects growth curve models were used to calculate intra-individual trajectories of working conditions. Cox regression models with age as the timescale (adjusted for living situation, educational attainment, country of birth, and sex) were conducted to estimate hazard ratios for entering old-age dependency during the 24 months of follow-up ( n = 931,819). Results: Having initial adverse working conditions followed by an accumulation throughout working life encompassed the highest risk of entering old-age dependency across the categories (job strain: HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.19–1.27; physical demands: HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.31–1.40, and hazardous work: HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.30–1.40). Initially high physical demands or hazardous work followed by a stable trajectory, or initially low-level physical demand or hazardous work followed by an accumulation throughout working life also encompassed a higher risk of dependency. Conclusions: A history of adverse working conditions increased the risk of old-age dependency. Reducing the accumulation of adverse working conditions across the working life may contribute to postponing old-age dependency.
Application of intelligent nursing based on cloud computing of internet of things in children with pneumonia and sepsis treated with human gamma globulin
Authors: Qin Aihua , Liu Yuling , Shao Changming , Dong Hongyan 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To explore the application of intelligent nursing (IN) based on the Internet of Things (IoT) in children with pneumonia and sepsis treated with human gamma globulin (HGG). Methods: A total of 200 children with pneumonia combined with sepsis who attended the First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu from January 1, 2020 to February 13, 2022 were consecutively collected. Children were randomly divided into IN group and routine nursing (RN) group, with 100 children in each group. All children received standard anti-infection treatment along with intravenous HGG. In IN group, IN measures based on the IoT cloud computing platform monitored the treatment process of children with HGG throughout the whole process, while children in the RN group only received RN measures. Information on both groups was collected from the medical records, such as gender, age, duration of hospitalization, fever, antibiotic use, serological indicators, pulmonary function indicators, immune function indicators and adverse effects of HGG. Multi-factorial logistic regression was performed to access the correlation between IN and the duration of hospitalization and a range of other factors studied above. Results: After adjusting for numerous confounding factors, multifactorial logistic regression revealed that the application of IN was associated with a shorter duration of hospitalization ( p = .030) and lower white blood cell (WBC) and creatinine (Cr) levels in post-treatment children ( p = .003, p = .010). It was also associated with higher levels of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEV) after treatment ( p = .014, p = .001, p = .002) and higher levels of immune CD4+/CD8+ ratio after treatment ( p = .001) and reduced symptoms of vomiting among the adverse effects ( p = .047). Conclusion: The IoT cloud-based IN model significantly improved the efficacy of HGG in the treatment of pneumonia sepsis in children and reduce occurrence of some adverse reactions.
Optimizing Neurology Inpatient Documentation: A Pilot Study of a Novel Discharge Documentation EHR Tool
Authors: Fu Katherine A. , Kerbel Russell , Obrien Rylan J. , Li Joshua S. , Jackson Nicholas J. , Keselman Inna , Reider-Demer Melissa 
Published: August 2023

Background and Purpose Clinical documentation of patient acuity is a major determinant of payer reimbursement. This project aimed to improve case mix index (CMI) by incorporating a novel electronic health record (EHR) discharge documentation tool into the inpatient general neurology service at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center. Methods We used data from Vizient AMC Hospital: Risk Model Summary for Clinical Data Base (CBD) 2017 to create a discharge diagnosis documentation tool consisting of dropdown menus to better capture relevant secondary diagnoses and comorbidities. After implementation of this tool, we compared pre- (July 2017-June 2019) and post-intervention (July 2019-June 2021) time periods on mean expected length of stay (LOS) and mean CMI with two sample T-tests and the percentage of encounters classified as having Major Complications/Comorbidities (MCC), with Complication/Comorbidity (CC), and without CC/MCC with tests of proportions. Results Mean CMI increased significantly from 1.2 pre-intervention to 1.4 post-intervention implementation ( P < .01). There was a pattern of increased MCC percentages for “Bacterial infections,” “Other Disorders of Nervous System”, “Multiple Sclerosis,” and “Nervous System Neoplasms” diagnosis related groups post-intervention. Conclusions This pilot study describes the creation of an innovative EHR discharge diagnosis documentation tool in collaboration with neurology healthcare providers, the clinical documentation improvement team, and neuro-informaticists. This novel discharge diagnosis documentation tool demonstrates promise in increasing CMI, shifting diagnosis related groups to a greater proportion of those with MCC, and improving the quality of clinical documentation.
TSLP Induces Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Nasal Epithelial Cells From Allergic Rhinitis Patients Through TGF-β1/Smad2/3 Signaling
Authors: Yu Hong Wei , Wang Wei Wei , Jing Qian , Pan Yong Liang 
Published: August 2023

Background Airway remodeling is demonstrated in Asian patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the key mechanisms underlying airway remodeling. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an important contributor to airway remodeling. Although increased TSLP is found in AR, little is known about whether TSLP is involved in airway remodeling through induction of the EMT. Objective We investigated the effect of TSLP on the EMT in human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) from AR patients. Methods Human nasal epithelial cells from AR patients were stimulated with TSLP in the absence or presence of the preincubation with a selective inhibitor of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) receptor (SB431542). The expression of TGF-β1 in the cells was evaluated by using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were used to assay EMT markers including vimentin, fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1) and E-cadherin, small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog2/3 (Smad2/3), and phosphorylated Smad2/3 in the cells. The levels of extracellular matrix components such as collagens I and III in supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Morphological changes of the cells were observed under inverted phase-contrast microscope. Results A concentration-dependent increase of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein was observed following stimulation with TSLP. Furthermore, TSLP decreased the expression of E-cadherin protein, but upregulated the production of FSP1 and vimentin proteins along with increased levels of collagens I and III, and the morphology of the cells was transformed into fibroblast-like shape. Additionally, a significant increase was found in phosphorylation of Smad2/3 protein. However, these effects were reversed by SB431542 preincubation. Conclusion TSLP–induced HNECs to undergo the EMT process via TGF-β1-mediated Smad2/3 activation. TSLP is an activator of the EMT in HNECs and might be a potential target for inhibiting EMT and reducing airway remodeling in AR.
Sex-Based Differences in Prevalence, Outcomes, and Complications of Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Owen Madeline M. , Gohal Chetan , Angileri Hunter S. , Hartwell Matthew J. , Plantz Mark A. , Tjong Vehniah K. , Terry Michael A. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Trends between the sexes have been reported regarding prevalence, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and complications of hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS), yet current results lack consensus. Purpose: To evaluate sex-based differences after HA for FAIS in (1) prevalence of cam and pincer morphology in FAIS and (2) PROs, pain scores, and postoperative complication rates. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The EMBASE, PubMed, and Ovid (MEDLINE) databases were searched from establishment to February 28, 2022, according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Included studies had sex-based data on prevalence, outcomes, and complications of HA for FAIS. Reviews and commentaries were excluded. Data were combined, and between-sex differences were analyzed. Meta-analyses using random-effects models were performed when possible. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and standardized mean differences were calculated. Results: A total of 74 studies were included (213,059 patients; 132,973 female hips [62.4%] and 80,086 male hips [37.6%]). The mean age was 30.7 ± 7.7 years among male patients and 31.1 ± 7.8 years among female patients. Male patients experienced mixed-type impingement significantly more often (39.4% vs 27.2% for female patients; RR = 0.69 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58-0.81]; P < .001), whereas female patients experienced pincer-type impingement more often (50.6% vs 30.8% for male patients; RR = 2.35 [95% CI, 1.14-4.86]; P = .02). Male patients had higher likelihoods of undergoing femoroplasty (89.8% vs 77.4% for female patients; RR = 0.90 [95% CI, 0.83-0.97]; P = .006), acetabuloplasty (67.1% vs 59.3% for female patients; RR = 0.87 [95% CI, 0.79-0.97]; P = .01), or combined femoroplasty/acetabuloplasty (29.2% vs 14.5% for female patients; RR = 0.63 [95% CI, 0.44-0.90]; P = .01). Although female patients showed greater improvements in Hip Outcome Score–Sport-Specific subscale ( P = .005), modified Harris Hip Score ( P = .006), and visual analog scale pain ( P < .001), both sexes surpassed the minimal clinically important difference at 1, 2, and 5 years postoperatively. Female patients had higher complication rates ( P = .003), although no sex-based differences were found in total hip arthroplasty conversion rates ( P = .21). Conclusion: Male patients undergoing HA for FAIS had a higher prevalence of mixed-type FAIS while female patients had more pincer-type FAIS. Female patients gained greater improvements in PROs, although both sexes exceeded the minimal clinically important difference, suggesting that both male and female patients can benefit from HA.
Incidence and risk factors for polypharmacy among elderly people assisted by primary health care in Brazil
Authors: Mascarelo Andréia , Alves Ana Luisa Sant’Anna , Hahn Siomara Regina , Doring Marlene , Portella Marilene Rodrigues 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Polypharmacy is recognized as a global public health problem and one of the greatest challenges related to the aging population. Few studies have investigated the incidence and risk factors for polypharmacy among elderly individuals. These studies provided important information on the issue but were developed in high-income countries. This study investigates the incidence and risk factors for polypharmacy among elderly people assisted by primary health care over a period of 11 years.

Methods
This was a census-based prospective longitudinal study that included people aged 60 years or older living in a small municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The baseline occurred in 2010 and the second wave of the study occurred in 2021. The study population consisted of elderly individuals who did not use polypharmacy at baseline and were reinterviewed in 2021 (N = 128). Data collection in the first and second waves was performed through a household survey using a structured questionnaire. The dependent variable was polypharmacy, defined as the simultaneous use of 5 or more drugs. The independent variables included sociodemographic, health and functionality factors. For multivariate analyses, Poisson regression with robust variance was used, estimating the relative risk and 95% confidence intervals.

Results
The incidence of polypharmacy was 46.1% in the 11-year period. The highest number of health problems was a risk factor for polypharmacy (RR = 1.177; 95% CI 1.093–1.267).

Conclusions
The incidence of polypharmacy among elderly people assisted in primary health care in Brazil is high. The number of diseases is a risk factor for polypharmacy. These results have implications for future primary health care practices and may support the development of policies, actions and services aimed at reducing polypharmacy and promoting the rational use of drugs in the population at higher risk.
A novel internet sampling for HIV surveillance: feasibility of self-sampling and preparation of DBS for delivery detection of HIV total nucleic acid and complementarity to sentinel surveillance
Authors: Su Xueli , Xia Dongyan , Sun Yanming , Hao Yinxiao , Liu Guowu , Huang Chun , Lu Hongyan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
To propose a new mode of HIV test and surveillance among population of men who have sex with men (MSM): Internet-based Self-sampling at home plus Laboratory testing of HIV total nucleic acid (TNA) in dried blood spot (DBS) (ISL of DBS TNA). Feasibility of ISL of DBS TNA was studied. Characteristics of the new mode and that of conventional surveillance mode at HIV voluntary counseling and testing clinic (VCT) were compared.

Methods
A non-governmental organization (NGO) published the recruitment information on the WeChat public account. MSM filled in the questionnaire online, applied for self-sampling service package, and mailed the self made DBS to professional laboratory. The laboratory performed HIV TNA test and submitted the test results to online platform. Participants queried test results online with their unique ID. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) followed up participants with positive nucleic acid results using IDs and contact information. Rates were compared by using the Chi-Square test or Fisher's exact test.

Results
Four hundred twenty-three questionnaires were completed. 423 self-sampling service packages were sent out and 340 DBSs were returned to professional laboratory within one month with qualified rate of sampling as high as 95.0% (323/340). Seven samples were found to be TNA positive. Comparing ISL of DBS TNA with sentinel surveillance, it was found that there was a significant difference in the composition ratio of the two modes of surveillance population (P < 0.05). HIV prevalence of ISL of DBS as 2.17% was significantly lower than sentinel site as 8.96% (χ2 = 14.953, P = 0.000 < 0.05).

Conclusions
ISL of DBS TNA proposed is feasible and has a high self-sampling qualification rate, good confidentiality. It is an effective supplement to routine sentinel surveillance and has important promotion value.