bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrochemical characteristics, water quality assessment and driving forces of coal base in Shanxi Province, China
Authors: Yan Zixuan , Li zhanbin , Li Peng , Zhao chenxu , Xu yaotao , Cui zhiwei , Sun hu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Explore the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) under coal mining activities and controlling factors is essential to ensure water security. This research concentrates on the Changhe River Basin (CRB). Water samples were collected from 27 sites within the CRB in May, July and December 2022. A qualitative analysis of hydrochemical characteristics and major ion sources was conducted based on Piper plots, Gibbs plots, Pearson correlation analysis and ion ratio methods. The PCA ~ RSR model was used to assess the current status of SW and GW quality in the CRB. We found that the hydrochemical type of SW and GW is HCO3- Ca, with HCO3− accounting for 62.2% ~ 87.9% of the total anions and Ca2+ accounting for 27.4% ~ 31.3% of the total cations. Rock weathering is the main factor affecting the hydrochemical of CRB. SW is affected by the weathering and dissolution of both silicate and carbonate rocks, while GW is mainly affected by the weathering and dissolution of silicate. The cation exchange also has influence on GW. The cations in the water are mainly derived from rock weathering dissolution and exchange reactions, while the SO42− in anions is mainly imported from outside. The results of the water quality assessment showed that water quality in the midstream of the study area is poor and coal mining has seriously affected water safety issues. The study reveals the impact of coal mining on hydrochemical. It provides a scientific basis for the protection and management of water resources under coal mining activities in arid and semi-arid regions.
Performance analysis and optimization of a UAV relay-assisted FSO communication systems
Authors: Hayal Mohammed R. , Elsayed Ebrahim E. , Kakati Dhiman , Singh Mehtab , Alfikky Abdelrahman A. , Boghdady Ayman I. , Grover Amit , Mehta Shilpa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates and optimizes unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay-assisted free-space optics (FSO) communication systems under the effects of pointing errors (PEs) and atmospheric turbulences. The incorporation of UAVs as buffer-aided moving relays in the conventional FSO (CFSO) relay-assisted systems is proposed for enhancing the performance of PEs through AT. Using M-PSK (phase shift keying) and M-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), the impact of PEs on transmission quality is evaluated in this work. We evaluate and enhance the symbol error rate, outage probability (OP), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the UAV-to-ground station-based FSO communications systems. The spatial diversity-based relay-assisted CFSO systems can enhance the performance of the UAV-UAV FSO links. Numerical results show that to achieve a bit-error-rate (BER) of \(\le {\text{10}}^{\text{-5}}\), the required SNR is ≥ 23 dB when the wind variance of the UAVs \({\sigma }_{\alpha }^{2}\) increases from 0 to 7 mrad with FSO link distance L = 2000 m. The required SNR is ≥ 25 dB when the wind variance \({\sigma }_{\alpha }^{2}\) is 1 mrad at a OP of \({\text{10}}^{\text{-}\text{6}}\). To obtain an average BER of \({10}^{-6}\), the SNR should be 16.23 dB, 17.64 dB, and 21.45 dB when \({\sigma }_{\alpha }^{2}\) is 0 mrad, 1 mrad, and 2 mrad, respectively. Using 8-PSK modulation without PEs requires 23.5 dB at BER of \({\text{10}}^{\text{-8}}\) while 16-QAM without PEs requires 26.5 dB to maintain the same BER of \({\text{10}}^{\text{-8}}\). Compared with 16-QAM without PEs, the SNR gain of 8-PSK without PEs is 3 dB.
The RNF213 rs112735431 polymorphism might influence predisposition to moyamoya disease and exhibit different clinical features in Asian population
Authors: zhang Juhua , Cao Yinyin , He Aijie , Zou Peng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Many studies suggested that the RNF213 rs112735431 polymorphism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease. We performed a statistical meta-analysis based on the collected information of 18 studies comprising of 3044 cases and 6317 controls. We also assessed the correlation between the rs112735431 polymorphism and clinical features. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were used to estimate the strength of associations. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were used. Result of this meta-analysis found that the rs112735431 polymorphism is significantly associated with predisposition to moyamoya disease in Asians in all genetic models (homozygote model: OR = 35.19, 95%CI = 16.07–77.08; heterozygote model: OR = 88.72, 95%CI = 52.55-149.78; dominant model: OR = 89.77, 95%CI = 54.00-149.24; recessive model: OR = 16.52, 95%CI = 7.63–35.77). The moyamoya disease patients carrying GA + AA genotype of RNF213 gene preferred to ischemia than that of wild-type subjects (OR = 2.15, 95%CI = 1.03–4.48). Our results suggested that the rs112735431 polymorphism is associated with moyamoya disease risk and may be an efficient biomarker to classify ischemia/hemorrhage phenotypes of the moyamoya disease. Well-designed large-scale multicenter epidemiological studies will be required to validate our findings.
Searching for informal work using administrative data *
Authors: Tirozzi Annalisa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates informality driven by the intense use of temporary and part- time contracts by firms. In the first part, using administrative data released by the Italian Social Security Institute combined with data of firms’ financial statements, I construct an indicator of irregular job implementing LASSO technique. Irregu- lar temporary and part-time contracts are highly correlated with known measures of undeclared work provided, with a stronger incidence in Southern Regions, in Services and Commerce and of female part-time workers. In the second part, I investigate if irregular contracts are effectively used to hide work that otherwise would be completely undeclared. First, I show with an event study analysis that lower EPL induce firms to fire irregular workers more easily, part-time contracts in sectors of Services and Commerce. Second, I investigate how less financial devel- opment positively impact the number of irregular part-time workers, especially if they are female workers again in Services and Commerce.
JEL Classification Numbers: H26, H29.
In optical fibers; accurate hybrid analytical and numerical analysis for the phase shift of the ultra–short pulses
Authors: Khater Mostafa M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

This paper examines the soliton phase shift using a simplified third–order generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation (3–order GNLSE). In this investigation, we employ a new direct algebraic (NDA) technique to solve these models. All evaluated solutions are put to the test using two modern numerical (trigono-metric quantic and cubic B–spline) schemes. The necessary criteria for implementing numerical systems are derived from the computational solutions. As the model captures the dynamical behavior of ultra–short pulses in optical fiber and quantum fields, this research is crucial. As a wave model, the 3–order GNLSE equation may be used to illustrate the wave nature of matter. It is regarded as a quantum–mechanical state function since it may represent the dynamical and physical behavior of atoms and transistors. The exactness of the answers is shown through two-, three–dimensional, and contour charts (matching between analytical and numerical solutions). The answers presented in the research are innovative in comparison to earlier findings.
AMS classification: 35C08; 37K40; 35C07; 37K40.
Neighborhood Mutual Remainder:Self-Stabilizing Distributed Implementationand Applications
Authors: Dolev Shlomi , Kamei Sayaka , Katayama Yoshiaki , Ooshita Fukuhito , Wada Koichi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper considers a situation where each process has a set of operations Op and executes each operation in Op infinitely often in distributed systems. Then, let Oe ⊂ Op be a subset of operations, which cannot be executed by a process while its closed neighborhood execute operations in Op∖ Oe. For such a situation, this new concept of Neighborhood Mutual Remainder (NMR) is defined. A distributed algorithm that satisfies the NMR requirement should satisfy the following two properties:(1) Liveness is satisfied if a process executes each operation in Op infinitely often, and (2) safety is satisfied if, when each process executes operations in Oe, no process in its closed neighborhood executes operations in Op∖ Oe. We formalize the concept of NMR and give a simple self-stabilizing algorithm to demonstrate the design paradigm to achieve NMR. We present an application of NMR to a LOOK-COMPUTE-MOVE (LCM) robot system for implementing a move-atomic property, where robots possess an independent clock that is advanced at the same speed. It is the first self-stabilizing implementations of the LCM synchronization for environments where each robot can have limited visibility and lights.
Allele-specific Effects of Three-dimensional Genome Architecture in Hybrid Pigs
Authors: Lin Yu , Li Jing , Gu Yiren , Jin Long , Bai Jingyi , Zhang Jiaman , Wang Yujie , Liu Pengliang , Long Keren , He Mengnan , Li Diyan , Liu Can , Han Ziyin , Zhang Yu , Li Xiaokai , Zeng Bo , Lu Lu , Kong Fanli , Sun Ying , Fan Yongliang , Wang Xun , Wang Tao , Jiang An’an , Ma Jideng , Shen linyuan , Zhu Li , Jiang Yanzhi , Tang Guoqing , Liu Qingyou , Li Hua , Wang Jinyong , Ge Liangpeng , Li Xuewei , Tang Qianzi , Li Mingzhou 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn diploid mammals, allele-specific three-dimensional (3D) genome architecture may lead to imbalanced gene expression. Through ultradeepin situHi-C sequencing of three representative somatic tissues (liver, skeletal muscle, and brain) from hybrid pigs generated by reciprocal crosses of phenotypically and physiologically divergent Berkshire and Tibetan pigs, we uncover extensive chromatin reorganization between homologous chromosomes across multiple scales. Haplotype-based interrogation of multi-omics data revealed the tissue-dependence of 3D chromatin conformation, suggesting that parent-of-origin-specific conformation may drive gene imprinting. We quantify the effects of genetic variations and histone modifications on allelic rewiring of long-range promoter-enhancer contacts, which likely contribute to the dramatic phenotypic differences between the parental pig breeds. This study also provides definitive evidence of structured homolog pairing in the pig genome which could facilitate regulatory interactions between homologous chromosomes. This work illustrates how allele-specific chromatin architecture facilitates concomitant shifts in allele-biased gene expression, and consequently phenotypic changes in mammals.
Eco-friendly cold-pressed self-forming high-strength polyurethane/wood-fiber composite with flame retardance
Authors: Wang Xuanye , Wang Beibei , Sun Jingmeng , Yu Lei , Yang Guochao , Guo Hongwu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWood-plastic composites (WPCs), which are widely used in construction and furniture, need to be treated with fire protection. In this work, polyurethane (PU) was applied to derive simultaneously flame-retardancy-improved and mechanically strengthened wood-polyurethane composites (WPUCs). It was constructed with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and PU by an eco-friendly way of pressing at ambient temperature. The combination of APP and PU improves the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of WPCs. The results indicated that the flame retardancy of WPUCs is the best when the mass of APP is 18% of PU, making LOI reach 31.2%. In the combustion test, the peak of heat release rate and total smoke production for WPUCs were respectively decreased by 42.1% and 89.7% in the presence of the above ratio of APP and PU. In addition, the results of the functional group test show that PU contains highly reactive -NCO which is bonded to the -OH and moisture in the wood fiber, resulting in improvement of physical and mechanical properties. The mechanism for the excellent flame retardancy of WPUCs revealed that polyphosphoric acid produced by APP pyrolysis catalyzed PU into the char, and PU was arched by the resulting gases such as NH3to form the tiny spherical structure. Meanwhile, the spherical structure increased the height and density of the carbon layer, which worked in blocking heat and the exchange of substances. This work provides a simple and economic strategy for the preparation of flame-retardant WPCs.
Prevalence of malaria parasite among pregnant women attending to Saudi Kassala Teaching hospital in Kassala state, Eastern Sudan
Authors: Nour Alnaeem Abdalla Idris , Karrar Tafawl Ibrahim , Kebayer Mohamed Hassan Ahmed , Elwahiad Nada Ali Abd , Zarroug Khadega Suleiman Mohammed , Mohammedahmed Hajrhma Ismael Hajrhma 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Malaria during pregnancy is a priority area for malaria research and control as pregnant women represent a high risk group for severe malaria and the presentation of malaria during pregnancy varies according to the level of transmission in the area; so the aim of this study is to determine the Prevalence rates of malaria parasite among pregnant women attending to Saudi Kassala Teaching hospital in Kassala state, 2022
Methods:
A cross sectional study was carried out in Saudi Kassala Teaching hospital in Kassala State, this study involved one hundred and eighty five blood samples collected from pregnant women which was then examined by using Blood films and ICT for malaria and the data was collected by a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results:
The prevalence of malaria among pregnant women was 2.2 %.There was no significant difference among the different age groups with respect to the prevalence of Malaria (p. value =.483). The prevalence of Malaria in rural residency was 2.2 %, this was significantly more common than the urban residency (P. value = 0.021). When compared across the gestational trimesters, there was no significant difference between them (P. Value=0.518). The number of Gravidity is not related to Malaria infection (P. value=0.737).The presence of symptom compliant of malaria during pregnancy does not suggest the presence of Malaria (P.value=0.152).
No difference was found between the different educational levels with respect to the prevalence of Malaria (P. value=.362).The result showed that there was 1 (0.5%) negative result in ICT which was positive in BFFM and there were 3 (1.6%) positive malaria parasite by both method in all 185 samples with statistically insignificant differences (p=0.703).
Conclusion:
Plasmodium falciparum was only species detected in this study.
Malaria among pregnant women was more prevalent in rural areas. However, other factors such as age, gestational age, gravidity, and educational level do not affect the prevalence of malaria in pregnant women.
The presence of symptomatic compliant of malaria during pregnancy does not suggest the presence of Malaria.
The use of ICT or BFFM has similar diagnostic outcome for malaria in pregnancy
'A spade was called a spade...it was not called a gardening tool...': Youth and intervention implementers' perceptions of a resilience-based HIV prevention intervention for reducing risky sexual behaviors among youth in South Africa
Authors: Mbengo Fungai , Adama Esther , Towell-Barnard Amanda , Zgambo Maggie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Youth (15-24 years) in South Africa remain at high risk of HIV infection despite interventional efforts to control the disease. Programs directed at promoting resilience or protective factors in youth have been recommended as a multifaceted approach to mitigate risky sexual behaviors associated with HIV infection among youth. However, limited research exists on how relevant stakeholders, such as youth and intervention implementers perceive resilience-based HIV prevention interventions targeting youth. This study explored youth and intervention implementers’ perceptions of a resilience-based HIV prevention intervention (You Only Live Once) aimed at reducing risky sexual behaviors among youth in South Africa.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 youth who participated in the intervention and four intervention implementers at a not-for-profit organization in Maluti-a-Phofung Local Municipality, South Africa. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: Three main themes emerged from the data: (1) Acceptability and impact of the intervention– the intervention was perceived as important and helpful in fostering positive behavior change among youth and enhancing their sexual health and social skills knowledge; self-confidence; and relationships with parents and peers. (2) Factors influencing intervention implementation – participants reported several multi-level factors which impeded or promoted the implementation of the intervention. (3) Recommendations to improve intervention implementation – participants made suggestions on how intervention implementation could be enhanced.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that resilience-based HIV prevention interventions are acceptable to young people in South Africa and have potential to mitigate their vulnerability to HIV. Implementation of resilience-based HIV prevention interventions targeting youth is linked to several multi-level factors that need to be considered for successful implementation.
Insights for precision healthcare from the 100,000 Genomes Cancer Programme
Authors: Murugaesu Nirupa , Sosinsky Alona , Ambrose John , Cross William , Turnbull Clare , Henderson Shirley , Jones J , Hamblin Angela , Arumugam Prabhu , Chan Georgia , Chubb Daniel , Noyvert Boris , Mitchell Jonathan , Walker Susan , Bowman Katy , Pasko Dorota , Pereira Marianna , Volkova Nadezda , Rueda-Martin Antonio , Gil Daniel Perez , Lopez Javier , Pullinger John , Siddiq Afshan , Zainy Tala , Choudhury Tasnim , Rendon Augusto , Fowler Tom , Hing Sandra , Deans Zandra , Consortium Genomics England Research Consortium Genomics England Resear , Hill Sue , Caulfield Mark 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Cancer Programme of the 100,000 Genomes Project was a transformational UK government initiative that aimed to bring whole genome sequencing (WGS) to cancer patients and evaluate the opportunities for precision cancer care. Genomics England, in partnership with NHS England, generated whole genome analyses for 13,880 solid tumours across 33 different cancer types, and genomic data were linked with real-world health data within a secure national research environment. Here, we report the overall findings of the programme, focusing on clinical actionability and potential wider clinical significance. We found variation between cancer types in the incidence of somatic mutations of different types in genes currently recommended for standard-of-care testing. For example, 94% of glioblastoma multiforme cases had small variants and 54% had copy number aberrations (CNAs) in at least one gene recommended for clinical testing, whereas sarcoma was found to have the highest proportion of actionable structural variants (13%). We confirmed the importance of utilising pan- genomic markers, such as mutational signatures, with 51% of high grade serous ovarian cancer cases showing homologous recombination deficiency, 13% of which were associated with pathogenic germline variants, indicating the value of combined somatic and germline analyses. We also observed a significant co-occurrence of somatic small variants and CNAs in several known oncogenes including EGFR, GNAS, BRAF, and KRAS. Our findings demonstrate the value of combining genomic testing with real world clinical and treatment data to inform clinical recommendations for genomic testing in cancer, to enable survival analysis and improve understanding of the long-term effects of clinical cancer genomics on patient outcomes.
Neural Control of Instantaneous Kinematics of Eye-Head Gaze
Shifts in Monkey Superior Colliculus
Authors: Opstal A. John Van 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The midbrain superior colliculus (SC) is a crucial sensorimotor stage for programming and execution of saccadic eye-head gaze shifts. Although it is well established that cells in the SC encode a neural command that specifies the coordinates of the upcoming gaze-shift vector, there is controversy about the role of the firing rate dynamics of SC neurons in generating saccades. In our earlier work, we proposed a simple quantitative model that explains how the recruited SC population specifies the detailed kinematics (trajectories and velocity profiles) of head-restrained saccadic eye movements. We here show that the same principles may apply to a wide range of saccadic eye-head gaze shifts with strongly varying kinematics. This is quite surprising, given the substantial nonlinearities and redundancy in programming and execute goal-directed eye-head gaze shifts to peripheral targets. We hypothesize that our findings provide additional evidence for an important role of the SC in the optimal control of saccades.
X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of Pd2+ on Ni site in pentlandite
Authors: Brovchenko Valeriya , Merkulova Margarita , Sittner Jonathan , Shilovskih Vladimir , Borca Camelia , Huthwelker Thomas , Sluzhenikin Sergey F. , Cnudde Veerle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Norilsk sulfide ores are one of the largest known sources of Pd on Earth. Palladium in these ores is presented in platinum-group minerals (PGM) and base metal sulfides (BMS), especially in pentlandite [(Fe,Ni)9S8]. Although several studies demonstrated high concentrations along with heterogeneous distribution of Pd in pentlandites from Norilsk, the form of Pd in pentlandite has not been established. Here, we provide the first evidence for Pd incorporation in the structure of pentlandite from Norilsk ores using X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). We present the first ever measured XANES spectra of Pd in pentlandite and atokite [(Pd,Pt)3Sn] as well as in other common Pd minerals. Divalent Pd in pentlandite was detected by XANES. The Pd spectra in pentlandite show no similarities with Pd spectra in PGM, metallic Pd, PdS, PdCl2, and PdSO4 which signifies that Pd incorporates into the lattice of pentlandite. Substitution of Ni by Pd in the lattice of pentlandite is supported by negative correlations shown by μXRF and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and complies with the previous studies. The additional EBSD study demonstrates a resemblance in cell parameters of the Pd-rich and Pd-poor parts of the pentlandite grains and reflects that Pd incorporation into the pentlandite structure does not imply any notable structure distortion. The combination of analytical techniques used in the present study demonstrates the great potential of these methods for understanding the mechanisms of noble metal incorporation into ore minerals.