bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Goblet of Fluorescence: Calix[4]pyrrole’s Quest to Identify Ciprofloxacin Observed Through Experimental and Computational Approach
Authors: Parikh Jaymin Parikh , Bhatt Keyur , Modi Krunal , Desai Ajay , Patel Nihal , Patel Chirag , Bhola Ravibhai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, we designed a picolinic acid-functionalized calix[4]pyrrole ligand (PCACP). When testing out the fluorescence study with selected antibiotics, we observed remarkable enhancement of fluorescence spectra in presence of ciprofloxacin, singling out the PCACP_Ciprofloxacin complex. This complexation phenomenon was further explored via NMR and FTIR complexation studies to determine the exact binding mechanism of ciprofloxacin discrimination. Further to confirm the experimental study, detailed computational investigations were conducted including the NBO, Mulliken charge and bond length analysis. The results of experimental and computational data provided the contributing role of hydrogen bonding and π- π stacking, favouring the ciprofloxacin discrimination in compared to other tested antibiotics. The limit of detection was calculated to be 18µM, and the developed PCACP ligand showed excellent specificity and could be used to detect ciprofloxacin in water samples. The outcome of this research provides new, effortless fluorescence approach to monitor the presence of ciprofloxacin in water.
Goal-directed therapeutic exercise for paediatric posterior fossa brain tumour survivors: a qualitative analysis of experiences
Authors: Kohler Brooke E. , Baque Emmah , Sandler Carolina X. , Jones Taryn , Terranova Caroline O. , Brookes Denise S.K. , Hassall Timothy , Bradford Natalie K. , Trost Stewart G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To explore child and parent experiences of a 12-week goal-directed therapeutic exercise intervention in paediatric posterior fossa brain tumours survivors, and to identify features of the program that influenced program adherence and acceptability.Methods: Five posterior fossa brain tumour survivors (n = 6, mean age = 10.6 ± 3.0 years; 83% male) and six parents (mothers = 83%) who participated in a weekly goal-directed exercise program for 12 weeks, completed semi-structured interviews to discuss their experience of the program. An inductive content analysis was undertaken. Interviews were transcribed, imported into NVivo and independently coded by two reviewers. Code and content categories were iteratively discussed and refined.Results:Five content categories were generated: 1) perceived improvements, 2) program duration, frequency, location and format, 3) activity selection, 4) connection with the therapist, and 5) options for technology. All participants valued the tailored exercise program and described improvements in movement competence. Children and their parents discussed preferring home- and community-based locations and favoured face-to-face delivery. Occasionally participants reported difficulty completing the home program due to low motivation or time restrictions. Multiple families suggested an interactive digital application would be an effective delivery channel for the supplemental home-based program.Conclusion:A goal-directed exercise program delivered at home and in community-based locations was considered valuable and helpful for improving movement competence in paediatric survivors of posterior fossa brain tumour.Trial registration:ACTRN12619000841178 Date registered: 12/06/2019
Research on Cu/stainless steel composite thin strips by two-pass cold roll-bonding with intermediate annealing
Authors: Niu Xiaomiao , Ding Qingshan , Zhang Haoran , Liu Xiao , Wang Tao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Roll-bonding is feasible to fabricate T2 copper (Cu)/ Stainless steel (SS) composite thin trips, which have great potential in micromanufacturing, robotics, aerospace, and other applications. However, the effective bonding of Cu and SS could be hindered by limited diffusion of the elements and uncoordinated deformation of the metal matrices. In this study, Cu/SS composite strips with 0.24mm thickness were prepared by the two-pass cold rolling process with intermediate annealing at 400 ~ 1000℃. The influences of the intermediate annealing process on the tensile and peeling strength were investigated. Finite element simulation and microstructure evaluation were carried out to analyze the deformation behaviors and bonding mechanisms of the strips. The results indicate that the deformation coordination in the second-pass rolling and the bonding strength were improved by appropriate intermediate annealing processes. The difference in the deformation resistance between Cu and SS became the lowest by intermediate annealing at 1000℃, while the deformation of Cu and SS was severely uncoordinated by annealing at 600℃. The peel strength and elongation of the strips annealed at 1000℃ were 11.65 ± 0.7N/mm and 34.8 ± 1.3% after the second-pass rolling, which were 79.23% and 6.64 times higher than the strips manufactured without intermediate annealing, respectively. In this work, Cu/SS thin strips with high bond strength and ductility were successfully manufactured by appropriate intermediate annealing process, and the bonding mechanisms were systematically discussed.
Research on image segmentation model based on local hybrid energy fitting
Authors: Gu Rui , Liu Guojun , Guo Jianhui , Ma Yuemei , Wang Yazhen , Liu Xiangguo , Wei Lili 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Active contour models (ACMs) have been a successful method for image segmentation. To well segment the images with intensity inhomogenity and overcome the defect of the results highly depending on the initial position of the contour, we propose a new region-based ACM, which combines Hellinger distance to segment images under the framework of variational level set. Firstly, we utilize Hellinger distance to merge two ACMs. By measuring the distance between the real image and the fitted image in the local region, the similarity between them can be revealed and the pixels can be classified according to the distance. Then, combining with the local bias field of an image to construct a new loyalty term, the variational level set function is used to minimize the functional energy. Finally, the experimental results on synthetic, magnetic resonance (MR) and real images with high intensity inhomogeneity show that the proposed model can obtain better performance than the state-of-the-art ACMs, and take less running time. In addition, the proposed method can be applied to other local fitting-based models to improve the robustness of initial contours.
Low-pass filter application for noise removal in water quality data with high temporal resolution
Authors: Coraggio Elisa , Gronow Claire , Tryfonas Theo , Han Dawei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Large datasets with high temporal resolution are becoming widely available through the use of wireless sensors and other low-effort, automated data collection techniques. The higher the sampling frequency is, the more obvious and significant the noise will be due to the highly unrealistic oscillations in the observations. Machine learning techniques work well with large amounts of data, but it is essential to ensure that the data collected is as clean as possible from noise; otherwise, the machine learning algorithm will struggle to predict the actual data and instead attempt to reproduce the noise. This study explores the use of four low pass filters: Butterworth, Chebyshev I, Chebyshev II and Savitzky-Golay filter for removing noise from water quality dataset with high temporal resolution. This study describes how the filters are implemented and gives advice on how to evaluate the filters’ capability to reduce noise and preserve signal features.
The method is applied to five water quality parameters based on a water quality dataset with a 5 minutes resolution collected in an urban surface water body in Bristol, United Kingdom.
Based on the results of this study, it has been found that for the analysed water quality parameters (conductivity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and fDOM) Butterworth filter with a cut-off frequency between 2.33E-05 Hz~12 hours and 4.5E-04 Hz~ 6 hours is the filter that allows the best compromise between noise removal and signal preservation
The Role of Car Tyres in the Ecology of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes in Ghana
Authors: Abdulai Anisa , Owusu-Asenso Christopher Mfum , Haizel Christodea , Mensah Sebastian Kow Egyin , Sr Isaac Kwame , Mohammed Abdul Rahim , Akuamoah-Boateng Yaw , Forson Akua Obeng , Afrane Yaw A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The Aedes aegyptimosquito is an important vector of arboviral diseases including dengue and yellow fever. Despite the wide distribution of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, there is limited data on the ecology of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Ghana. In this study, we report on the oviposition preference and the larval life table of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Accra, Ghana.
Methods
The oviposition preference of Aedesmosquitoes to three habitat types (tyres, drums and bowls) was measured by setting up ovitraps. Ovitraps were checked for the presence of Aedes larvae every 3 days. The presence and number of larvae were recorded for each habitat type. Two-hour-old Aedes aegypti larvae were introduced into and raised in these three habitat types to undertake larval life tables. The number of surviving larvae at each developmental stage was recorded daily until they emerge as adults.
Results
Car tyres showed a high abundance of Aedeslarvae (52.33%) than drums (32.49%) and bowls (15.18%) (ANOVA, F _ 18.79, df _ 2, 159, P < 0.001). The mean development time of Ae. aegypti larvae was significantly lower in car tyres (7 ± 1 days) compared to that of bowls (9 ± 0.0 days) and drums (12.6 ± 1.5 days) (H (2) = 7.448, P = 0.024). The differences in pupation rates and emergence rates were not significant across the habitat types, however, the highest pupation rate was observed in bowls (0.92) and the emergence rate was highest in tyres (0.84). The proportion of first-instar larvae that survived to adults was significantly higher in tyres with a shorter survival time (0.84; 9 days) compared to that of bowls (0.72; 10 days) and drums (0.62 ± 0.2; 13 days) (H (2) = 2.822, P= 0.009).
Conclusion
The results confirm that discarded car tyres were the preferred habitat choice for the oviposition of gravid female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and provide the best habitat condition for larval development and survival. These findings are necessary for understanding the ecology of Aedes mosquitoes to develop appropriate strategies for their control in Ghana.
Isolation, selection and characterization of salt and temperature tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria.
Authors: SATYAM SATYAM 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The present study was focused on isolation, selection and characterization salt and temperature tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from rhizosphere soil of tomato. Out of one hundred thirty eight samples total forty eight isolates grown on Ashby’s Mannitol agar media. For assessment of salt and temperature tolerancy the medium was supplemented with different NaCl concentrations, MgCl2 concentration and different pH level. All the forty eight isolates showed promising salt tolerance. Out of forty eight isolates nine isolates were extremely (6% NaCl) salt tolerant (more than 5.4% salt tolerance limit). Two isolate were tolerant to NaCl concentration (2.10–3.6% salt). Nine isolates were moderately tolerant to NaCl concentration (0.09–1.50% salt). Twenty six isolates were moderately sensitive to NaCl concentration (0.15–0.60% salt). Classification of salt and temperature tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria was done on the basis of salt tolerance limit. Out of forty eight isolates, eight isolates showed growth at MgCl2 concentration of 4.0%, two isolates showed growth at 3.0% MgCl2 concentration, thirteen isolates showed growth at 2.0% MgCl2, fifteen isolates showed growth at 1.0% MgCl2 and eight isolates showed growth on 0.5% MgCl2 concentration. Among forty eight isolates, eight isolates showed growth at 9.0 and remaining thirty eight isolates showed growth at pH 7.0. Out of forty eight isolates, four isolates (STTA8- Pseudomonas furukawaii, STTA12- Achromobacter sp, STTA24- Agrobacterium pusense and STTA39- Agrobacterium pusense) were showed plant growth promoting activity test positive. STTA8- Pseudomonas furukawaii, STTA12- Achromobacter sp. Shown temperature tolerance limit 600c and STTA24- Agrobacterium pusense and STTA39- Agrobacterium pusense shown temperature tolerance limit 500c.The work was carried out for the isolation, selection and characterization of salt and temperature tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria which would be highly important inoculum to improve the growth and development of the tomato plant under saline environment. There is currently need to develope highly salt and temperature tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacterial consortium.
Autonomous Navigation of Wheelchairs in Indoor Environments using Deep Reinforcement Learning and Computer Vision
Authors: Afonso Paulo de Almeida , Ferreira Paulo R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We introduce an innovative approach to autonomous navigation for motorized wheelchairs in shared indoor spaces with human presence, combining Deep Reinforcement Learning and Computer Vision. The central aim of this study is to enhance the well-being of individuals with disabilities who rely on such assistance for their mobility needs. Our methodology merges the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm with advanced computer vision techniques, empowering motorized wheelchairs to navigate through environments that encompass both stationary and moving people. Comparative tests were conducted between the DDPG and Deep Q-Network (DQN) algorithms, spanning four distinct stages. Each stage represented two different scenarios from the training environment, characterized by complexity levels exceeding those to which the robot had been trained.
The DDPG algorithm showcased its superior efficiency and stability compared to DQN. Across all analyzed stages, DDPG exhibited higher average success rates: 98\% (Stage 01), 89\% (Stage 02), 86\% (Stage 03), and 86\% (Stage 04), demonstrating exceptional generalization capabilities and consistently outperforming the training environment in diverse settings. In contrast, DQN struggled to avoid collisions, resulting in significantly lower average success rates: 3\% (Stage 02), 14\% (Stage 03), and 29\% (Stage 04). Our findings underscore the promising potential of our proposed solution, thereby contributing to the progress of research in this particular domain.
Constructing Origin-Destination Matrix using Wi-Fi and AFC Data
Authors: Silva Diego Da , Elsaid Feras , Shalaby Amer 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Transportation systems planning and management rely heavily on Origin-Destination (OD) demand matrices. However, the traditional approach of creating these matrices using household travel survey data is not only time-consuming but also expensive, making it challenging to apply them to detailed and time-sensitive analyses. Automated fare collection (AFC) systems can provide a solution to these challenges. However, many transit fare systems are entry-only with no requirement to tap at the exit station, which makes it challenging to determine the location of alighting stations and analyze spatial demand patterns. This study proposes a framework that uses Wi-Fi traces and passenger counts at AFC entry/exit gates to construct OD matrices for entry-only Urban Rail Transit (URT) systems. The City of Toronto's subway system was used as a case study, and the framework was compared to 2016 Transportation Tomorrow Survey (TTS), which is the primary source of OD-matrix estimation in the city. The generated OD-matrices were found to be very close to the OD-matrix from the household travel survey, with a cosine similarity close to one for most subway regions. Our estimated OD-matrices offer several advantages over traditional methods. They have low matrix sparsity and fast computational time and convergence, and they exhibit strong capability of recognizing demand patterns at the station-level.
The effect and mechanisms of fructose exposure on amino acid metabolism among Chinese community residents
Authors: Rang Ouyan , Qin Xinru , Tang Yonghong , Li Guojuan , Liu Xiaocheng , Wang Mu , Zhong Jing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The consumption of fructose has increased dramaticly during the last few decades, inducing a great increase in the risk of intrahepatic lipid accumulation, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia and cancer. However, the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. Amino acid metabolism may play an important role in the process of the diseases caused by fructose, but there is still a lack of corresponding evidence. In present study, we provide an evidence of how fructose affects amino acids metabolism in 1895 ordinary residents in Chinese community using UPLC-QqQMS based amino acid targeted metabolomics and the underlying mechanism of fructose exposure how interferes with amino acid metabolism related genes and acetylated modification of proteome in the liver of rats model. We found people with high fructose exposure had higher levels of Asa, EtN, Asp, and Glu, and lower levels of 1MHis, PEtN, Arg, Gln, GABA, Aad, Hyl and Cys. The further mechanism study displayed amino acid metabolic genes ofAspa,Cndp1,Dbt,Dmgdh,and toxic metabolites such as N-acetylethanolamines accumulation, interference of urea cycle, as well as acetylated modification of key enzymes in glutamine metabolic network and glutamine derived NEAAs synthesis pathway in liver may play important roles in fructose caused reprogramming in amino acid metabolism. This research provides novel insights of the mechanism of amino acid metabolic disorder caused by fructose and supplies new targets for clinical therapy.
Exploring of the shared gene signatures and molecular mechanism in COVID-19 and tuberculosis
Authors: Guo Jiwei , Li Jing , Liu Mingyue , Gao Chengpeng , Fang Jianwei , Wang Zhiliang , Xu Hao , Bi Hengtai , Wang Yousen , Jiang Junjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, tuberculosis (TB) incidence has demonstrated a noticeable upswing, with the causative linkage and mechanistic crosstalk between these conditions remaining uncharted. This study endeavours to decipher the communal genetic elements and underlying molecular interplayunderlying COVID-19 and TB.
Methods
The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) served as the repository for sourcing RNA sequence datasets pertinent to COVID-19 and TB. Leveraging the R software, the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and limma package facilitated the uncovering of a co-expression network intertwined with both COVID-19 and TB. Shared genes underwent enrichment analysis via ClueGO, while hub genes within the COVID-19 and TB context were identified through MCODE based on Cytoscape software. An array of machine learning algorithms – Random Forests (RF), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE) – guided the further isolation of key genes. We also constructed the nomograms, and assessed the predictive prowess by evaluating the Area under the curve (AUC), calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curves. The immune microenvironment (TIME) in TB was analyzed using CIBERSORT, allowing for the assessment of correlation between key genes and immune cells.
Results
WGCNA analyses and gene expression differences analysis based on the Limma divulged a set of 281 shared differential genes between TB and COVID-19. Enrichment analysis elucidated their association with a variety of biological functions and signaling pathways, such as response to interferon-γ, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and influenza A. Machine learning facilitated the identification of GBP5 and IFITM3 genes, which were subsequently fashioned into nomograms, exhibiting solid clinical relevance (AUC = 0.9854, Mean Absolute Error = 0.009). CIBERSORT analysis uncovered substantial shifts in multiple immune cells in TB, notably Macrophages.M1, Dendritic.cells.activated, and Neutrophils cells, which revealed strong correlation with the expression of GBP5 and IFITM3 in TB.
Conclusion
In this study, we obtained the shared gene between COVID-19 and TB and preliminarily revealed its function. In addition, GBP5 and IFITM3 could serve as key genes among the shared genes and were associated with a variety of immune cells.
Development of efficient genetic-transformation- and genome-editing systems, and the isolation of a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated high-oil mutant in the unicellular green alga Parachlorella kessleri strain NIES-2152
Authors: Kasai Yuki , Takagi Satsuki , Ota Shuhei , Ishii Kotaro , Takeshita Tsuyoshi , Kawano Shigeyuki , Harayama Shigeaki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Parachlorella kessleri strain NIES-2152, a unicellular green alga, has the characteristics of rapid growth and high lipid productivity; thus this strain has been considered to be a candidate for use in biofuel production. However, the commercialization of biofuels requires significant cost reduction, and strain improvements may be needed to achieve this objective.
Results
In the first part of this study, we developed a genetic transformation method applicable to P. kessleri as follows. During the cell cycle of P. kessleri, daughter cells develop within the mother cell wall. Therefore, P. kessleri cells are encompassed by two cell-wall layers: a daughter cell wall and a mother cell wall, during most of its cell cycle except for a brief period after the cleavage of the mother cell wall. We found that cells just hatched out of the mother cell wall exhibited high efficiency in taking up DNA through electroporation. After optimizing the electroporation conditions, we achieved a transformation efficiency of 3.2 to 4.6 × 10−5 transformants per input cell.
Previously, we had isolated a mutant of P. kessleri named strain PK4 that accumulated higher concentrations of lipids than the wild-type strain. Resequencing of the PK4 genome had identified three genes with potential defects associated with the high lipid phenotype. In the second part of this study, we delivered Cas9-gRNA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) targeting each of the three genes into P. kessleri cells using the same protocol as the genetic transformation, and successfully disrupted these three genes separately. The disruptants of one gene encoding a plastidic ATP/ADP translocase exhibited >30% higher lipid productivity than that of the wild-type strain under diurnal conditions.
Conclusions
We established an effective gene-editing method applicable to P. kessleri. Using this method, we succeeded in creating strains showing significantly higher lipid productivity than the wild-type strain, especially under diurnal rhythms.