bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Pro‐oxidant‐Antioxidant balance and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A Study on Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Ehteram Hassan , Raji Sara , Rahmati Mina , Teymoori Hanieh , Safarpour Samaneh , Poursharifi Nahid , Hashem Zadeh Mona , Pakzad Reza , Habibi Hossein , Mobarra Naser 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionOxidative stress known as a predictive marker for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases could be measured through pro‐oxidant antioxidant balance (PAB). The present study aimed to evaluate PAB and its association with high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) in the serum of postmenopausal women with diabetes mellitus.MethodsIn this case–control study, 99 diabetic and 100 healthy postmenopausal women without diabetes mellitus were recruited. Serum PAB values, hs‐CRP, lipid profile, insulin, and vitamin D levels were measured. Moreover, insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR, HOMA‐β and QUICKI), waist circumference (WC), waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR), waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR), and body mass index (BMI) were calculated.ResultsSerum PAB, hs‐CRP, insulin resistance, HOMA‐β, QUICKI, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), and triglycerides (TG) levels were significantly higher in the postmenopausal women with diabetes mellitus, while there was no significant difference in the total cholesterol (TC), serum insulin, WC, WHR, WHtR and vitamin D levels between the groups. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that HDL‐C and insulin levels were directly correlated with serum PAB. Also, there was a significant direct relationship between LDL‐C and insulin levels and hs‐CRP. There was no meaningful relationship between serum insulin and vitamin D levels and other assessed parameters. Backward logistic regression showed a positive relationship between diabetes mellitus and serum PAB and an inverse relationship with serum HDL levels.ConclusionsSerum PAB, hs‐CRP concentration, and lipid profile were significantly different between postmenopausal women with and without diabetes mellitus. These differences may contribute to the development of coronary complications.
Two Calcium Coordination Polymers with Multi‐Stimuli‐Responsive Properties
Authors: Feng Ke‐Xin , Wang Hui‐Yu , Zhang Pei‐Pei , Zhang Jian‐Jun , Zhang Wen‐Qi , Wang Ting , Liu Shuqin , Ni Jun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo skeleton isomers, [CaL(H2O)(DMF)2]•DMF (1) (H2L=5‐(1,3‐dioxo‐1H‐benzo[de]isoquinolin‐2(3H)‐yl)isophthalic acid) with a 1 dimensional chain structure and [CaL(DMF)1.72]• (DMF)0.28 (2) with a 2 dimensional layer structure were synthesized. Mechanochromic luminescence studies reveal that 1 and 2 exhibit luminescent red‐shift and blue‐shift respectively under grinding stimuli. The different influence of grinding stimuli on the π⋅⋅⋅π interaction in the two structures are proposed to be the main reason for such different responses. In addition, 1 has a rare broad sensing ability for halogenated hydrocarbons and can distinguish seven halogenated hydrocarbons out of 17 solvents. 1 can also be used for rapid detection of trace water in DMF with a calculated detection limit of 0.0078 v/v %. The relevant recognition mechanism is the decomposition of the structure during the recognition process due to the water instability of the ionic bond. The above results reveal that both compounds have the potential to be used as multi‐stimulus‐responsive materials.
Instance segmentation of soft‐story buildings from street‐view images with semiautomatic annotation
Authors: Wang Chaofeng , Hornauer Sascha , Yu Stella X. , McKenna Frank , Law Kincho H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn high seismic risk regions, it is important for city managers and decision makers to create programs to mitigate the risk for buildings. For large cities and regions, a mitigation program relies on accurate information of building stocks, that is, a database of all buildings in the area and their potential structural defects, making them vulnerable to strong ground shaking. Structural defects and vulnerabilities could manifest via the building's appearance. One such example is the soft‐story building—its vertical irregularity is often observable from the facade. This structural type can lead to severe damage or even collapse during moderate or severe earthquakes. Therefore, it is critical to screen large building stock to find these buildings and retrofit them. However, it is usually time‐consuming to screen soft‐story structures by conventional methods. To tackle this issue, we used full image classification to screen them out from street view images in our previous study. However, full image classification has difficulties locating buildings in an image, which leads to unreliable predictions. In this paper, we developed an automated pipeline in which we segment street view images to identify soft‐story buildings. However, annotated data for this purpose is scarce. To tackle this issue, we compiled a dataset of street view images and present a strategy for annotating these images in a semi‐automatic way. The annotated dataset is then used to train an instance segmentation model that can be used to detect all soft‐story buildings from unseen images.
Histone deacetylase 5‐induced deficiency of signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 acetylation contributes to spinal astrocytes degeneration in painful diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Fan Tingting , Yu Ying , Chen Yong‐long , Gu Pan , Wong Stanley , Xia Zheng‐yuan , Liu Jessica Aijia , Cheung Chi‐wai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiabetes patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) show severe spinal atrophy, suggesting pathological changes of the spinal cord contributes to central sensitization. However, the cellular changes and underlying molecular mechanisms within the diabetic spinal cord are less clear. By using a rat model of type 1 diabetes (T1D), we noted an extensive and irreversible spinal astrocyte degeneration at an early stage of T1D, which is highly associated with the chronification of PDN. Molecularly, acetylation of astrocytic signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (STAT3) that is essential for maintaining the homeostatic astrocytes population was significantly impaired in the T1D model, resulting in a dramatic loss of spinal astrocytes and consequently promoting pain hypersensitivity. Mechanistically, class IIa histone deacetylase, HDAC5 were aberrantly activated in spinal astrocytes of diabetic rats, which promoted STAT3 deacetylation by direct protein–protein interactions, leading to the PDN phenotypes. Restoration of STAT3 signaling or inhibition of HDAC5 rescued astrocyte deficiency and attenuated PDN in the T1D model. Our work identifies the inhibitory axis of HDAC5‐STAT3 induced astrocyte deficiency as a key mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of the diabetic spinal cord that paves the way for potential therapy development for PDN.
Scale‐free dynamics of core‐periphery topography
Authors: Klar Philipp , Çatal Yasir , Langner Robert , Huang Zirui , Northoff Georg 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe human brain's cerebral cortex exhibits a topographic division into higher‐order transmodal core and lower‐order unimodal periphery regions. While timescales between the core and periphery region diverge, features of their power spectra, especially scale‐free dynamics during resting‐state and their mdulation in task states, remain unclear. To answer this question, we investigated the ~1/f‐like pink noise manifestation of scale‐free dynamics in the core‐periphery topography during rest and task states applying infra‐slow inter‐trial intervals up to 1 min falling inside the BOLD's infra‐slow frequency band. The results demonstrate (1) higher resting‐state power‐law exponent (PLE) in the core compared to the periphery region; (2) significant PLE increases in task across the core and periphery regions; and (3) task‐related PLE increases likely followed the task's atypically low event rates, namely the task's periodicity (inter‐trial interval = 52–60 s; 0.016–0.019 Hz). A computational model and a replication dataset that used similar infra‐slow inter‐trial intervals provide further support for our main findings. Altogether, the results show that scale‐free dynamics differentiate core and periphery regions in the resting‐state and mediate task‐related effects.
Direct modulation index: A measure of phase amplitude coupling for neurophysiology data
Authors: Scherer Maximilian , Wang Tianlu , Guggenberger Robert , Milosevic Luka , Gharabaghi Alireza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNeural communication across different spatial and temporal scales is a topic of great interest in clinical and basic science. Phase‐amplitude coupling (PAC) has attracted particular interest due to its functional role in a wide range of cognitive and motor functions. Here, we introduce a novel measure termed the direct modulation index (dMI). Based on the classical modulation index, dMI provides an estimate of PAC that is (1) bound to an absolute interval between 0 and +1, (2) resistant against noise, and (3) reliable even for small amounts of data. To highlight the properties of this newly‐proposed measure, we evaluated dMI by comparing it to the classical modulation index, mean vector length, and phase‐locking value using simulated data. We ascertained that dMI provides a more accurate estimate of PAC than the existing methods and that is resilient to varying noise levels and signal lengths. As such, dMI permits a reliable investigation of PAC, which may reveal insights crucial to our understanding of functional brain architecture in key contexts such as behaviour and cognition. A Python toolbox that implements dMI and other measures of PAC is freely available at https://github.com/neurophysiological-analysis/FiNN.
Associations between cortical β‐amyloid burden, fornix microstructure and cognitive processing of faces, places, bodies and other visual objects in early Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Bourbon‐Teles José , Jorge Lília , Canário Nádia , Martins Ricardo , Santana Isabel , Castelo‐Branco Miguel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing two imaging modalities, that is, Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography (PET) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) the present study tested associations between cortical amyloid‐beta (Aβ) burden and fornix microstructural changes with cognitive deficits in early Alzheimer's disease (AD), namely deficits in working memory (1‐back) processing of visual object categories (faces, places, objects, bodies and verbal material). Second, we examined cortical Aβ associations with fornix microstructure. Seventeen early AD patients and 17 healthy‐matched controls were included. Constrained spherical deconvolution‐based tractography was used to segment the fornix and a control tract the central branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (CB‐SLF) previously implicated in working memory processes. Standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) of Aβ were extracted from 45 cortical/subcortical regions from the AAL atlas and subject to principal component analysis for data reduction. Patients exhibited (i) impairments in cognitive performance (ii) reductions in fornix fractional anisotropy (FA) and (iii) increases in a component that loaded highly on cortical Aβ. There were no group differences in CB‐SLF FA and in a component loading highly on subcortical Aβ. Partial correlation analysis in the patient group showed (i) positive associations between fornix FA and performance for all the visual object categories and (ii) a negative association between the cortical Aβ component and performance for the object categories but not for the remaining classes of visual stimuli. A subsequent analysis showed a positive association between overall cognition (performance across distinct 1‐back task conditions) with fornix FA but no association with cortical Aβ burden, in keeping with influential accounts on early onset AD. This indicates that the fornix degenerates early in AD and contributes to deficits in working memory processing of visual object categories; though it is also important to acknowledge the importance of prospective longitudinal studies with larger samples. Overall, the effect sizes of fornical degeneration on visual working memory appeared stronger than the ones related to amyloid burden.
Knockdown of let‐7b in leukemia associated macrophages inhibit acute myeloid leukemia progression
Authors: Tian Chen , Li Yueyang , Si Junqi , Kang Junnan , Chen Zehui , Nuermaimaiti Rexidan , Wang Yafei , Yu Yong , Zhao Zhigang , Wang Xiaofang , Zhang Yizhuo , Zhao Haifeng , Yang Hongliang , You Mingjian James , Zheng Guoguang , Wang Lina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMacrophages, critical components of bone marrow microenvironment, are reported to be remodeled into leukemia‐associated macrophages (LAMs) in leukemic microenvironment where they contribute to leukemia development, characterized as M2 macrophages with pro‐tumor effects. However, how leukemic microenvironment transforms macrophages into LAMs remains unknown. Here, we analyzed the clinical relevance of LAMs and profiled their RNA‐Seq from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with complete remission (CR) after induction treatment and refractory AML patients. Our results showed that the proportion and number of LAMs in refractory AML patients was higher than that in CR patients and LAM was a poor prognostic factor of AML patients. Furthermore, let‐7b was a potentially aberrant gene in LAMs contributed to M2‐subtype characteristics. Knockdown of let‐7b in LAMs could inhibit the development of AML by repolarizing LAMs toward M1‐subtype characteristics through the activation of Toll‐like receptor and NF‐κB pathway. Our study provides insight for future LAM‐based immunotherapy strategies for AML.
Surviving, thriving, departing, and the hidden competencies of engineering graduate school
Authors: Zerbe Ellen , Sallai Gabriella , Berdanier Catherine G. P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile researchers in graduate engineering education are beginning to study facets of student experiences as they relate to attrition and persistence, theoretical applications of thriving theory have not been applied to graduate education contexts. Literature addresses students who persist and those who depart, inherently making assumptions that students who persist are doing well.Purpose/HypothesisThe purpose of this article was to understand graduate student well‐being within students that persist and depart from the engineering PhD through an adapted model of the Spreitzer et al.'s Socially Embedded Model for Thriving at Work.Design/MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 64 current and former engineering PhD students, representing various stages of the PhD, status of persistence, questioning departure, or having left a PhD program. Interview transcripts were analyzed using an abductive analysis approach.ResultsAn expanded model for thriving in graduate school was developed. While this study contextualizes the core elements of thriving theory (context features, agentic behaviors, and produced resources), we propose that the mechanisms for thriving in graduate school lie in interactions across these themes in processes we call Adapting, Internalizing, and Cultivating. We also reveal the presence of hidden competencies (from the point of view of the graduate student participants) that facilitate these transitions.ConclusionThriving in graduate school is an interconnected process which has not been explored in the context of engineering. This study shows how even students who persist in their degree may only be surviving, rather than thriving.
Discrete localization patterns of PIP5Kγ and PLCβ3 working sequentially in phosphoinositide‐cycle within mouse sensory neuron somata
Authors: Pakkarato Sawetree , Sakagami Hiroyuki , Watanabe Masahiko , Kondo Hisatake , Hipkaeo Wiphawi , Chomphoo Surang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt is known that phosphatidylinositol phosphate 5 kinase (PIP5K) γ and phospholipase C (PLC) β3, working sequentially in the phosphoinositide cycle, are localized in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) somata and are involved in the regulation of pain and related sensations. However, the sites of their involvement have remained to be clarified. In the present study, immunoreactivity for PLCβ3 was distinct only in the central process of mouse DRG, but not in its peripheral process, in contrast to distinct PIP5Kγ‐immunoreactivity in both peripheral and central DRG processes. No nerve terminals showing immunoreactivity for PLCβ3 were detected in any peripheral sensory fields, similar to PIP5Kγ‐immunoreactivity. In DRG somata, PIP5Kγ‐immunoreactivity was rather confined to the neurolemma in which dots and threads were discerned in 3D bright field light microscopy. This feature well corresponded to its discontinuous localization along the plasma membranes in immuno‐electron microscopy. In contrast, PLCβ3‐immunoreactivity occurred diffusely throughout the somata, but did not take distinct appearance of immunoreaction on neurolemma or plasma membranes, unlike PIP5Kγ‐immunoreactivity. In addition, satellite glial cells were immunonegative for PLCβ3, but immunopositive for PIP5Kγ. The involvement of PLCβ3 in regulation of pain and related sensations is thus suggested to be mainly exerted at levels of the DRG soma and its upstream, but to be less significant in the peripheral sensory fields, similar to PIP5Kγ. The possibility is also suggested that PIP, PIP5Kγ‐target, is localized heterogeneously, but PIP2, PLCβ3‐target, is localized homogenously over the plane of the neuronal plasma membranes.Research Highlights
PIP5Kγ, different from PLCβ3, was localized heterogeneously on neuronal membranes, and this difference was demonstrated in 3D‐bright field immuno‐light and electron microscopy.
Either PIP5Kγ or PLCβ3 was not detected in peripheral nerve terminals.
Non‐coding RNAs are correlated to TGF‐β receptor type 2 in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Abkenar Borhan Rahimi , Mohammadi Asghar , Amoli Hadi Ahmadi , Soleimani Ali Akbar , Korani Mohsen , Mahmoodi Hassan , Najafi Mohammad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple molecular expression alterations, particularly in non‐coding RNAs, play fundamental roles in the regulations of cellular processes and may relate to the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, we investigated the associations between TGFBR2, miR20a‐5p and long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) LAMTOR5‐AS1 in CRC patients.MethodsColorectal cancer and adjacent normal tissue samples (n = 34) were prepared from CRC patients. The associations between TGFBR2, miR20a‐5p and lncRNA LAMTOR5‐AS1 were predicted using bioinformatics tools. The expression levels of TGFBR2, miR20a‐5p and lncRNA LAMTOR5‐AS1 were measured using a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction technique. The TGFBR2 protein values were measured by western blotting. The clinical importance of lncRNA LAMTOR5‐AS1 was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsThe up‐regulated levels of TGFBR2 (p = 0.02), TGFBR2 protein (p = 0.008) and lncRNA LAMTOR5‐AS1 (p = 0.02) were significantly observed in CRC tissues compared to the adjacent normal tissues. The miR20a‐5p expression level (p = 0.009) was downregulated in CRC tissues. In addition, the miR20a‐5p expression level was inversely correlated to the TGFBR2 gene (r2 = 0.88, p < 0.0001), protein (r2 = 0.95, p < 0.0001) and lncRNA LAMTOR5‐AS1 gene (r2 = 0.93, p < 0.0001) expression levels. Based on the area under curve, the increase of lncRNA LAMTOR5‐AS1 expression level with a sensitivity of 64.52% and specificity of 65.52% was considered in CRC patients.ConclusionsWe propose that miR20a‐5p is inversely related to long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) LAMTOR5‐AS, such that it may be involved in the regulation of TGFBR2 expression level in CRC patients.
Systematic analysis and comparison of peptide specificity and selectivity between their cognate receptors and noncognate decoys
Authors: Shu Jianping , Li Juelin , Wang Shaozhou , Lin Jing , Wen Li , Ye Haiyang , Zhou Peng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProtein–peptide interactions (PpIs) play an important role in cell signaling networks and have been exploited as new and attractive therapeutic targets. The affinity and specificity are two unity‐of‐opposite aspects of PpIs (and other biomolecular interactions); the former indicates the absolute binding strength between the peptide ligand and its cognate protein receptor in a PpI, while the latter represents the relative recognition selectivity of the peptide ligand for its cognate protein receptor in a PpI over those noncognate decoys that could be potentially encountered by the peptide in cell. Although the PpI binding affinity has been widely investigated over the past decades, the peptide recognition specificity (and selectivity) still remains largely unexplored to date. In this study, we classified PpI specificity into three types: (i) class‐I specificity: peptide selectivity for its cognate wild‐type protein receptor over the noncognate mutant decoys of this receptor, (ii) class‐II specificity: peptide selectivity for its cognate protein receptor over other noncognate decoys that are homologous with this receptor, and (iii) class‐III specificity: peptide selectivity for its cognate protein receptor over other noncognate decoys that are the cognate receptors of other peptides. We performed affinity and selectivity analysis for the three types of PpI specificity and revealed that the PpIs generally exhibit a moderate or modest specificity; peptide selectivity increases in the order: class‐I < class‐II < class‐III. All the three types of PpI specificity were observed to have no statistically significant correlation with peptide length and hydrophobicity, but the class‐I and class‐II specificities can be influenced considerably by peptide secondary structures; the high specificity is preferentially associated with ordered structure types as compared to undefined structure types. In addition, the mutation distribution (for class‐I specificity), sequence conservation (for class‐II specificity), and structural similarity (for class‐III specificity) seem also to address effects on peptide selectivity.