bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrin expression and extracellular matrix adhesion of septoclasts, pericytes, and endothelial cells at the chondro‐osseous junction and the metaphysis of the proximal tibia in young mice
Authors: Bando Yasuhiko , Nagasaka Arata , Onozawa Go , Sakiyama Koji , Owada Yuji , Amano Osamu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe previously reported that septoclasts, which are uncalcified growth plate (GP) cartilage matrix‐resorbing cells, are derived from pericytes surrounding capillary endothelial cells. Resorption of the GP is assumed to be regulated synchronously by septoclasts, pericytes, and endothelial cells. To reveal the contribution of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the regulatory mechanisms of septoclastic cartilage resorption, we investigated the spatial correlation between the cells and the ECM in the GP matrix and basement membrane (BM) and investigated the expression of integrins—ECM receptors—in the cells. Septoclasts attached to the transverse septa containing collagen‐II/‐X at the tip of their processes and to the longitudinal septa containing collagen‐II/‐X at the spine‐like processes extending from their bodies and processes. Collagen‐IV and laminin α4 in the BM were sparsely detected between septoclasts and capillary endothelial cells at the chondro‐osseous junction (COJ) and were absent in the outer surface of pericytes at the metaphysis. Integrin α1/α2, integrin α1, and integrin α2/α6 were detected in the cell membranes of septoclasts, pericytes, and endothelial cells, respectively. These results suggest that the adhesion between septoclasts and the cartilage ECM forming the scaffolds for cartilage resorption and migration is provided by integrin α2–collagen‐II/‐X interaction and that the adhesions between the BM and pericytes or endothelial cells are mediated by integrin α1–collagen‐IV and integrin α2/α6–laminin interaction, respectively.
Sustaining newcomers' career adaptability: The roles of socialization tactics, job embeddedness and career variety
Authors: Cai Di , Li Zehua , Xu Lingxiao , Fan Lanyue , Wen Shanshan , Li Fangmin , Guan Ziqing , Guan Yanjun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, we aim to examine how socialization practices predict newcomers' career adaptability during their organizational transitions. Drawing on career construction theory and conservation of resources theory, we argue that newcomers' job embeddedness, as predicted by their perceived organizational socialization tactics, positively predicts their career adaptability during career transitions. We investigate the role of past transition experiences (i.e., career variety) in moderating the relationship between job embeddedness and career adaptability. Data were collected at three time points from 492 newcomers in an information technology company in China. The newcomers' perceived organizational socialization tactics (i.e., training, future prospects and coworker support) positively predicted their job embeddedness, which was positively associated with their career adaptability. Additionally, career variety weakened the positive effect of job embeddedness on career adaptability. Furthermore, career variety moderated the indirect effects of future prospects and coworker support on career adaptability via job embeddedness, but not that of training. We conclude the article with discussions of our theoretical and practical contributions.
Clinical and patient‐reported outcome profile of patients with hepatitis B viral infection from the Global Liver Registry™
Authors: Younossi Zobair M. , Yu Ming‐Lung , Yilmaz Yusuf , Alswat Khalid Aida , Buti Maria , Fernandez Marlen Ivon Castellanos , Papatheodoridis Georgios , Hamid Saeed S. , El‐Kassas Mohamed , Chan Wah Kheong , Duseja Ajay K. , Gordon Stuart C. , Eguchi Yuichiro , Isakov Vasily A. , Roberts Stuart K. , Fan Jian‐Gao , Singal Ashwani K. , Romero‐Gómez Manuel , Ahmed Aijaz , Ong Janus , Lam Brian P. , Younossi Issah , Nader Fatema , Racila Andrei , Stepanova Maria , Alqahtani Saleh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is one of the most common causes of cirrhosis and liver cancer worldwide. Our aim was to assess clinical and patient‐reported outcome (PRO) profile of CHB patients from different regions of the world using the Global Liver Registry. The CHB patients seen in real‐world practices are being enrolled in the Global Liver Registry. Clinical and PRO (FACIT‐F, CLDQ, WPAI) data were collected and compared to baseline data from CHB controls from clinical trials. The study included 1818 HBV subjects (48 ± 13 years, 58% male, 14% advanced fibrosis, 7% cirrhosis) from 15 countries in 6/7 Global Burden of Disease super‐regions. The rates of advanced fibrosis varied (3–24%). The lowest PRO scores across multiple domains were in HBV subjects from the Middle East/North Africa (MENA), the highest – Southeast/East and South Asia. Subjects with advanced fibrosis had PRO impairment in 3 CLDQ domains, Activity of WPAI (p < 0.05). HBV subjects with superimposed fatty liver had more PRO impairments. In multivariate analysis adjusted for location, predictors of PRO impairment in CHB included female sex, advanced fibrosis, and non‐hepatic comorbidities (p < 0.05). In comparison to Global Liver Registry patients, 242 controls from clinical trials had better PRO scores (Abdominal, Emotional, and Systemic scores of CLDQ, all domains of WPAI) (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis with adjustment for location and clinicodemographic parameters, the associations of PROs with the enrollment setting (real‐life Global Liver Registry vs. clinical trials) were no longer significant (all p > 0.10). The clinico‐demographic portrait of CHB patients varies across regions of the world and enrollment settings. Advanced fibrosis and non‐hepatic comorbidities are independently associated with PRO impairment in CHB patients.
A knowledge transfer enhanced ensemble approach to predict the shear capacity of reinforced concrete deep beams without stirrups
Authors: Pak Hongrak , Leach Samuel , Yoon Seung Hyun , Paal Stephanie German 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel learning algorithm, the transfer ensemble neural network (TENN) model, to increase the performance of shear capacity predictions on small datasets, illuminating the usefulness of advanced machine learning techniques in general. By incorporating ensemble learning and transfer learning, the TENN model is designed to control the high variability inherent in machine learning models trained on small amounts of data. The novel TENN model is validated to predict the shear capacity of deep reinforced concrete (RC) beams without stirrups across varying data availability levels. Knowledge acquired through pretraining a model on slender RC beams is utilized for training a model to better predict the shear capacity of deep RC beams without stirrups. To evaluate the performance of the TENN model, three baseline models are developed and examined across multiple data availability levels. The novel TENN model outperforms the baseline models, particularly when trained on a very limited dataset. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm achieves a higher accuracy than the currently accepted design standards in accurately predicting deep RC beams' shear capacity and demonstrates the capabilities of the TENN model to extrapolate in other domains where large‐scale or physical testing is cost‐prohibitive.
Natural variation in the hrpL promoter renders the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae nonpathogenic
Authors: Xie Ting , Wu Xiujiao , Luo Le , Qu Yuan , Fan Rong , Wu Shiping , Long Youhua , Zhao Zhibo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe genetic basis underlying loss‐of‐virulence mutations that arise among natural phytopathogen populations is not well documented. In this study, we examined the virulence of 377 isolates of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3 (Psa3) that were isolated from 76 kiwifruit orchards suffering from bacterial canker disease. Eighty‐four nonpathogenic isolates were identified in 40 orchards. A nonpathogenic isolate G166 was found to be defective in hrpL transcription and the downstream type III secretion system (T3SS)‐dependent phenotypes. Comparative genomics and complementary expression assay revealed that a single‐base “G” insertion in the hrpL promoter blocks gene transcription by reducing promoter activity. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that the genetic variation impairs σ54/promoter binding during gene transcription under hrp‐inducing conditions, resulting in lower expression of hrpL. A PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was performed to trace the evolutionary history of this mutation, which revealed the independent onset of genetic variations in natural Psa3 populations. We also found that nonpathogenic variants outperformed virulent Psa3 bacteria for both epiphytic and apoplast colonization of kiwifruit leaves in mixed inoculations. Our study highlights a novel mechanism for loss of virulence in Psa3 and provides insight into bacterial adaptive evolution under natural settings.
Ovule cell wall composition is a maternal determinant of grain size in barley
Authors: Yang Xiujuan , Wilkinson Laura G. , Aubert Matthew K. , Houston Kelly , Shirley Neil J. , Tucker Matthew R. 
Published: January 2023

Summary

In cereal species, grain size is influenced by growth of the ovule integuments (seed coat), the spikelet hull (lemma and palea) and the filial endosperm. Whether a highly conserved ovule tissue, the nucellus, has any impact on grain size has remained unclear.

Immunolabelling revealed that the barley nucellus comprises two distinct cell types that differ in terms of cell wall homogalacturonan (HG) accumulation. Transcriptional profiling of the nucellus identified two pectin methylesterase (PME) genes, OVULE PECTIN MODIFIER 1 (OPM1) and OPM2, which are expressed in the unfertilized ovule but absent from the seed.

Ovules from an opm1 opm2 mutant and plants expressing an ovule‐specific pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI), exhibit reduced HG accumulation. This results in changes to ovule cell size and shape and ovules that are longer than wild‐type (WT) controls. At grain maturity, this is manifested as significantly longer grain.

These findings indicate that cell wall composition during ovule development acts to limit ovule and seed growth. The investigation of ovule PME and PMEI activity reveals an unexpected role of maternal tissues in controlling grain growth before fertilization, one that has been lacking from models exploring improvements in grain size.
Comparison of Robot‐Assisted Percutaneous Cannulated Screws Versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation in Calcaneal Fractures
Authors: Wang Jing , Han Wei , Su Yonggang , Wang Junqiang , Jiang Xieyuan 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveAccurate placement of the screws is challenging in percutaneous cannulated screw fixation of calcaneal fractures, and robot‐assisted (RA) surgery enhances the accuracy. We investigated the outcome of percutaneous cannulated screw fixation of Sander's type II and III calcaneal fractures.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed clinical data of 26 patients with fresh closed calcaneal fractures (28 fractures) who were admitted to our center from January 2022 to July 2022. All fractures were divided into the RA group and the open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) group according to the surgeries performed. RA surgery was performed by closed reduction or open reduction combined with a tarsal sinus approach. Age, sex, operation time, preoperative waiting time, length of postoperative hospital stay, wound complications, and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle Hindfoot Scale (AOFAS) at 3 months postoperatively were compared. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters (calcaneal length, width, height, Böhler angle, and fixation rate of the sustentaculum tali) were documented. The chi‐square test, one‐way analysis of variance, and Wilcoxon test were used for the comparison of categorical, normally distributed, and nonnormally distributed continuous variables, respectively.ResultsThe calcaneal width, height, and Böhler angle were significantly corrected postoperatively in both groups. The postoperative calcaneal lengths in both groups were also corrected. However, no significant difference was found. No significant differences in calcaneal length, width, height, and Böhler angle were observed between the two groups. The operation time (p < 0.001), preoperative waiting time (p < 0.001), and length of postoperative hospital stay (p = 0.003) in the RA surgery group were significantly shorter than those in the ORIF group. The fixation rate of the sustentaculum tali (p < 0.001) in the RA surgery group was significantly superior to that in the ORIF group. All wound complications occurred in the ORIF group. All fractures healed within 3 months. The AOFAS scores at 3 months postoperatively were not significantly different.ConclusionRA percutaneous screw fixation of the calcaneal fracture is a safe, effective, rapid, and minimally invasive surgical option for surgeons.
Generation of concise 3D building model from dense meshes by extracting and completing planar primitives
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Zhu Xianzhang , Zhang Yongjun , Wang Senyuan , Jia Chen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe generation of a concise building model has been and continues to be a challenge in photogrammetry and computer graphics. The current methods typically focus on the simplicity and fidelity of the model, but those methods either fail to preserve the structural information or suffer from low computational efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel method to generate concise building models from dense meshes by extracting and completing the planar primitives of the building. From the perspective of probability, we first extract planar primitives from the input mesh and obtain the adjacency relationships between the primitives. Since primitive loss and structural defects are inevitable in practice, we employ a novel structural completion approach to eliminate linkage errors. Finally, the concise polygonal mesh is reconstructed by connectivity‐based primitive assembling. Our method is efficient and robust to various challenging data. Experiments on various building models revealed the efficacy and applicability of our method.
The economics of process transparency
Authors: Guda Harish , Dawande Milind , Janakiraman Ganesh 
Published: January 2023

We propose and analyze a novel framework to understand the role of noninstrumental information sharing in service operations management, that is, information shared by the firm not to affect consumers' actions, but to better manage their experience in the firm's process. The operations of the firm are organized as a process, consisting of a sequence of tasks, each of random duration. The firm shares real‐time information with the consumer about the progress of their flow unit in the firm's process via a process tracker. The consumer is delay‐sensitive and experiences gain–loss utility (loss aversion and diminishing sensitivity) over time due to changes in beliefs about anticipated delay, as he awaits completion of the process. We analyze when providing such real‐time progress information via process trackers help, or can possibly hurt a consumer. Our work draws upon the recent literature on belief‐based/news utility in Economics. We find that in the presence of loss aversion alone, not sharing progress information is beneficial. In the presence of loss aversion and diminishing sensitivity, if low delays are likely, then sharing information is beneficial; otherwise, not sharing information is preferred. Our findings inform a service firm's post‐sales transparency strategy.
Listening for change: quantifying the impact of ecological restoration on soundscapes in a tropical dry forest
Authors: Choksi Pooja , Kotian Mayuri , Biniwale Siddharth , Mourya Pravar , Korche Devendra , Agarwala Meghna , Khanwilkar Sarika , Ramesh Vijay , DeFries Ruth 
Published: January 2023

Ecological restoration is crucial to mitigate climate change and conserve biodiversity, and accurately monitoring responses to restoration is imperative to guide current and future efforts. This study examines the impact of ecological restoration of a tropical dry forest in Central India. Here, the state forest department and a nongovernmental organization work with local communities to remove an invasive shrub, Lantana camara, in the forest, to assist natural regeneration, primarily for the purpose of improving access to forest resources for forest‐dependent people. We used acoustic technology to examine the bird community composition and the acoustic space used (ASU) across comparable restored, unrestored (with L. camara), and naturally low L. camara density (LLD) sites. We found no significant difference in the cumulative number of bird species detected between the site types (median in restored and LLD = 38, unrestored = 41). We found a significant difference in bird community composition across sites (r2 = 0.049, p ≤ 0.001). ASU differs between site types (r2 = 0.023, p ≤ 0.10), with restored sites positively associated with ASU compared to unrestored and LLD sites, which could represent a temporary increase in ASU as animal communities are reorganized after the complete removal of L. camara. Our results suggest that small‐scale restoration efforts that aim to help meet livelihood needs have the potential to contribute to ecological goals in this landscape. However, it is necessary to continue to monitor the regeneration trajectory in restored sites and the possible changes in the ASU.
Simulating the soil phosphorus dynamics of four long‐term field experiments with a novel phosphorus model
Authors: Gasser S. Anton A. , Nielsen Kerstin , Eichler‐Löbermann Bettina , Armbruster Martin , Merbach Ines , Franko Uwe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhosphorus is a nonrenewable resource, which is required for crop growth and to maintain high yields. The soil P cycle is very complex, and new model approaches can lead to a better understanding of those processes and further guide to research gaps. The objective of this study was to present a P‐submodel, which has been integrated in the existing Carbon Candy Balance (CCB) model that already comprises a C and N module. The P‐module is linked to the C mineralization and the associated C‐pools via the C/P ratio of fresh organic material. Besides the organic P cycling, the module implies a plant‐available P‐pool (Pav), which is in a dynamic equilibrium with the nonavailable P‐pool (Pna) that comprises the strongly sorbed and occluded P fraction. The model performance was tested and evaluated on four long‐term field experiments with mineral P fertilization, farmyard manure as organic fertilizer and control plots without fertilization. The C dynamics and the Pav dynamics were modelled with overall good results. The relative RMSE for the C was below 10% for all treatments, while the relative RMSE for Pav was below 15% for most treatments. To accommodate for the rather small variety of available P‐models, the presented CNP‐model is designed for agricultural field sites with a relatively low data input, namely air temperature, precipitation, soil properties, yields and management practices. The CNP‐model offers a low entry threshold model approach to predict the C‐N and now the P dynamics of agricultural soils.
Validation and Applicability Analysis of a Computational Model of External Defibrillation
Authors: Blauer Joshua J. E. , Gray Richard A. , Swenson Darrell J. , Pathmanathan Pras 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Survival rates for sudden cardiac death treated with external defibrillation are estimated to be up to five times greater compared to cardio-pulmonary resuscitation alone. Computational modeling can be used to investigate the relationship between patch location and defibrillation efficacy. However, credibility of model predictions is unclear. The aims of this paper are to (1) assess credibility of a commonly used computational approach for predicting impact of patch relocation on defibrillation efficacy; and (2) provide a concrete biomedical example of a model validation study with supporting applicability analysis, to systematically assess the relevance of the validation study for a proposed model context of use (COU). An electrostatic heart and torso computational model was developed. Simulations were compared against experimental recordings from a swine subject with external patches and multiple body surface and intracardiac recording electrodes. The applicability of this swine validation study to the human COU was assessed using an applicability analysis framework. Knowledge gaps identified by the applicability analysis were addressed using sensitivity analyses. In the swine validation study, quantitative agreement (R2 = 0.85) was observed between predicted and observed potentials at both surface and intracardiac electrodes using a left-right patch placement. Applicability analysis identified uncertainty in tissue conductivities as one of the main potential sources of unreliability; however, a sensitivity the analysis demonstrated that uncertainty in conductivity parameters had relatively little impact on model predictions (less than 10% relative change for twofold conductivity changes). We believe the results support pursuing human simulations further to evaluate impact of patch relocation.
Effects of Motion Vision and Neural Efficiency on Target Capture in Basketball Players
Authors: Li Xianghui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Basketball players' visual and neurological characteristics may affect their sports performance. In this paper, 100 basketball players and 100 nonathletes received motion vision and a neurological efficiency tests. The experimental stimulus was to determine whether a ball was in the picture. The relevant visual data were obtained by an eye tracker. The brain area activity data were obtained by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The data were processed and analyzed. The results showed that the reaction time of group A (basketball players) was 526.78 ± 75.36 ms, and the correct rate was 94.12 ± 3.45%, both of which were better than group B (nonathletes). The fixation duration and fixation frequency of group A were 204.77 ± 40.23 ms and 1.67 ± 0.41 times, suggesting good fixation stability, and group A activated fewer brain areas than group B. The experimental results verify that basketball players have better target capture ability and higher neural efficiency while consuming fewer neural resources.