bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tonsillar histomorphometry in IgA nephropathy: a cross-sectional study of correlations between clinical and renal histopathological findings
Authors: Ueda Hiroyuki , Joh Kensuke , Ueda Yoshimi , Marumoto Hirokazu , Isaka Nao , Tsuboi Nobuo , Kojima Hiromi , Miyazaki Yoichi , Yokoo Takashi , Okabe Masahiro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There is insufficient evidence to confirm the involvement of tonsillar immune disorders in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). This cross-sectional study investigated the association between histological changes in the palatine tonsil, its clinical presentation, and renal histopathological findings in IgAN. Eighty-seven patients with IgAN who underwent tonsillectomy within one year of undergoing renal biopsy were compared with 27 age-matched patients with recurrent tonsillitis (RT). The mean lymphoid follicle and germinal center sizes in patients with IgAN were significantly smaller than in those with RT (P < 0.001). The relative areas of lymphoid follicles (%LFA) and germinal centers in the total tonsillar tissue were smaller in IgAN than in RT (P < 0.001). The mean interfollicular area was larger in patients with IgAN than those with RT. Crypt epithelia in IgAN showed more expanded non-reticular areas lacking lymphoepithelial symbiosis than those observed in RT (P = 0.003). Lower %LFA was associated with higher urinary protein excretion (P = 0.01) and a longer period from the onset of urinary abnormalities to renal biopsy. A lower %LFA was associated with S and C lesions in the Oxford classification. The frequency of glomeruli with sclerotic lesions showed a close inverse correlation with %LFA (ρ = -0.46, P < 0.001). Reduced size of lymphoid follicles and germinal centers, enlarged interfollicular areas, and expanded non-reticular crypt epithelia in the palatine tonsils were prominent IgAN features. Reduced %LFA showed a significant correlation with IgAN renal histopathological severity, supporting the concept of accelerated involution of secondary lymphoid follicles during IgAN progression.
Searching for Ultralight Dark Matter Conversion in Solar Corona using LOFAR Data
Authors: An Haipeng , Chen Xingyao , Ge Shuailiang , Liu Jia , Luo Yan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ultralight axions and dark photons are well-motivated dark matter (DM) candidates. The axion DM and dark photon DM (DPDM) can resonantly convert into electromagnetic (EM) waves in the solar corona when their mass is equal to the solar plasma frequency. The resultant EM waves are mono-chromatic in the radio-frequency range with an energy equal to the DM mass, which can be detected via radio telescopes for solar observations. We search for converted mono-chromatic signals in the observational data of the high-sensitivity Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) telescope. We find the upper limit on the kinetic mixing coupling between DPDM and photon can reach $10^{-13}$ in the frequency range $30-80$~MHz, which is about one order of magnitude better than the existing constraint from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observation. In addition, we also get the upper limit on the axion-photon coupling in the same frequency range, which is better than the constraints from Light-Shining-through-a-Wall experiments but does not exceed the CAST or other astrophysical bounds.
Attendance of health screening among Roma and non-Roma women in three Central and Eastern European Countries
Authors: Mózes Noémi , Takács Johanna , Feith Helga Judit 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Roma populations in Central and Eastern Europe are two to three times more likely to have unmet health needs compared to non-Roma residents. The aim of the present study was to examine differences in the frequency of health screening between Roma and non-Roma women in Hungary, Romania and Slovakia, in addition to searching for factors influencing attendance at health screenings among both populations. Roma women reported a higher importance of attendance at health screening (M = 4.22, SD = 1.05) than non-Roma women (M = 3.57, SD = 1.37) (t(439) = -5.676, p < 0.001, g = 0.52) in Romania. In Hungary and Slovakia, there was non-significant difference by ethnicity. Attendance at health screening and having health insurance revealed a statistically significant association in Romania (χ2(1,N=258) = 6.079, p = 0.019, Ф = 0.15) and Slovakia (χ2(1,N=146) = 20.350, p < 0.001, Ф = 0.37) among Roma women. Active lifestyle and attendance at a health screening showed a significant association among non-Roma women in Romania (χ2(1,N=183) = 6.344, p = 0.016, Ф = 0.19). It is important to bear in mind that the existence of health insurance is an important factor in ensuring that Roma people have screening. In addition, more information specifically targeting Roma is needed to make the Roma population aware of the benefits of screening programmes.
Analysis of Organophotocatalyst-Substrate Interactions for Understanding Triplet-Triplet Back Energy Transfer
Authors: Yunjeong Yunjeong , Woo Sihyun , Bae Jaehahn , You Youngmin , Cho Eun Jin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The excited energy levels of a photocatalyst (PC) and an organic substrate critically affect the feasibility of energy transfer (EnT) process. Despite having energy levels that are well-matched, the catalytic performance of the PC has not always been satisfactory, indicating there are other crucial factors that influence the catalytic efficiency and need to be considered. Finding additional critical factors can be challenging as negative factors often lead to unsuccessful reactions, making it difficult to conduct a thorough investigation. To address this challenge, we employed structurally similar indole-fused polycyclic complexes as organoPCs, which were developed by our laboratory for the study. Herein, we describe a binding interaction effect between a PC and a substrate for controlling the catalytic efficiency in an EnT-mediated DeMayo-type [2 + 2] cycloaddition process. A series of photophysical and computational investigations showed that the strong binding interaction of the PC with the substrate promotes the back triplet–triplet EnT process competently and thus deactivates the productive radical transformations. This finding provides an understanding of the inner-workings of EnT process, and will guide the rational design of new EnT processes. Furthermore, the excellent photocatalytic properties of the newly synthesized pentacyclic organoPC offer tremendous potential for applications in other photocatalytic reactions.
COL1A1 may be associated with lambing traits in goats by regulating the biological function of ovarian granulosa cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Zhou Mingshuai , Zhao Jiafu , Chen Xiang , Ao Zheng , Tian Xingzhou , Wen Xiaoyan , Lu Qingmei , Liu Bin , Yang Yang , Yuan Chao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), an important component of type I collagen protein, plays a role in regulating follicle development and ovarian cell proliferation, which is closely related to animal reproductive traits. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the expression of COL1A1 and lambing traits of Guizhou black goats (Capra hircus), and regulatory mechanisms in follicle development. Results showed that the protein expression level of COL1A1 in ovarian tissues of the polytocous group were higher than those of the monotocous group, and COL1A1 was expressed in all follicles and ovarian cells. Upregulation of COL1A1 significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration and the development of cells from G1 to G2/M phase, reduced intracellular ROS levels. Additionally, COL1A1 overexpression resulted in significantly increased expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the ratios of p-PI3K (phosphorylation-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)/PI3K, p-AKT (phosphorylation-protein kinase B)/AKT and p-mTOR (phosphorylation-mammalian target of rapamycin) /mTOR, and decreased expression of BCL2-Associated X (BAX), caspase-3 and caspase-9. The reverse result, however, was seen when COL1A1 expression was downregulated in granulosa cells. Taken together, COL1A1 was widely and highly expressed in ovarian tissues of polytocous goats, and it may participate in regulations of lambing traits by regulating the proliferation and migration of granulosa cells by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway and reducing ROS production in granulosa cells to facilitate the development and maturation of follicle.
Impact of preoperative CA19-9 and histology grade on prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its value in TNM stage
Authors: Chang Shaofei , Liu Yaohua , Liang Yuexiang , Man Quan , Li Haorui , Guo Yu , Zhao Tiansuo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Preoperative serum CA19-9 and histology grade could show the biological characteristics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aims to explore the combined effect of preoperative CA19-9 and histology grade on the prognosis of patients with PDAC. A total of 612 patients with PDAC undergoing curative pancreatectomy were retrospectively enrolled. 360 (58.8%) patients had preoperative CA19-9 > 112 U/ml and 348 (56.9%) patients had high histology grade. A biological risk model was established based on preoperative CA19-9 and histology grade. Prognostic analysis showed that biological risk based on preoperative CA19-9 and histology grade was independently associated with survival of PDAC patients. Then the biological risk was incorporated into the eighth edition of the TNM staging system and a modified TNM (mTNM) staging system was developed. The ROC curves showed that the area under curve(AUC) of the mTNM staging system was significantly greater than that of the TNM staging system. Biological risk based on preoperative CA19-9 and histology grade was an independent prognostic factor for patients with PDAC. Incorporating the biological risk into the TNM staging system could improve the the accuracy of the TNM staging system in predicting prognosis of patients with PDAC.
Quantitative analysis of defect states in InGaZnO within 2 eV below the conduction band via photo-induced current transient spectroscopy
Authors: Hong Hyunmin , Kim Min Jung , Yi Dong-Joon , Moon Yeon-Keon , Son Kyoung-Seok , Lim Jun Hyung , Jeong KwangSik , Chung Kwun-Bum 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This work investigates the function of the oxygen partial pressure in photo-induced current measurement of extended defect properties related to the distribution and quantity of defect states in electronic structures. The Fermi level was adjusted by applying a negative gate bias in the TFT structure, and the measurable range of activation energy was extended to < 2.0 eV. Calculations based on density functional theory are used to investigate the changes in defect characteristics and the role of defects at shallow and deep levels as a function of oxygen partial pressure. Device characteristics, such as mobility and threshold voltage shift under a negative gate bias, showed a linear correlation with the ratio of shallow level to deep level defect density. Shallow level and deep level defects are organically related, and both defects must be considered when understanding device characteristics.
Cognition and Attitudes of Hospice Care among Healthcare Providers: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Ling Meng , Chen Pengru , He Qiaoying , Long Yi , Cheng Lei , You Chuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Under the background of the increasing aging population and cancer burden in China, the role of hospice care has become increasingly prominent. The government has paid more attention to the development of hospice care and set up pilot hospitals to promote hospice care. Moreover, healthcare providers play a leading role in hospice care services. To improve the quality of hospice care, the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China proposed to set up hospice care training bases in municipal or above-level hospitals with hospice care or relevant work foundations, and train healthcare providers on hospice care. This study aimed to investigate the current situation of cognition and attitudes about hospice care among healthcare providers and provide a theoretical basis for hospital training.
Methods: We used a quantitative design. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1591 healthcare providers from August 2022 to November 2022. SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the data.
Results: As a significant way of continuing education for healthcare providers, hospital training hasn't been effectively exploited in hospice care education. The average score of hospice care knowledge among participants was (7.74±2.242) and the average score of hospice care attitudes among participants was (4.55±1.503). According to multivariate linear regression analysis, sex (P<0.001), education levels (P<0.001), and professional titles (P=0.002) of participants had significant difference on the score of hospice care knowledge; education levels (P=0.046) and professional titles (P=0.020) of participants had significant difference on the score of hospice care attitudes.
Conclusions: There were some misunderstandings about hospice care among healthcare providers and their attitudes toward hospice care were inactive. It's suggested that hospitals should carry out professional and systematic education courses to help healthcare providers understand hospice care correctly, and participate in hospice care services actively.
Mutation Status Analysis Of 58 Patients With Advanced ALK Fusion Gene Positive Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yang Yuan , Lu Baohua , Hu Mingming , Wang Qunhui , Jiang Mei , Zhang Tongmei , Liu Zhe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
[Purpose] To analyze the characteristics and prognostic values of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) fusion gene partner, gene subtype and abundance in tumor tissues of advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients with positive ALK fusion gene and to explore the best treatment mode of ALK-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors(TKIs).
[Methods] Cases of advanced NSCLC patients with ALK positive confirmed by both Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and immunohistochemistry were retrospectively collected. The relationships of Overall Survival (OS)/Progression Free Survival (PFS) between different mutation subtypes, mutation abundance, clinicopathological features were analyzed. OS/PFS between different treatment mode of ALK inhibitors were compared.
[Results] Fifty-eight patients were enrolled. There were diverse fusion partners. Five subtypes of Echinoderm Microtubule-associated protein-Like 4 gene (EML4)-ALK fusion mutation were detected: V1,V2,V3,V5 and V7. The mutation abundance ranged from 0.13 to 27.77, with a median of 5.34. The abundance of V2 and V5 was higher than V1 and V3 respectively. There was no difference in OS between the low abundance group(≤5.34) and the high abundance group(＞5.34) (P=0.434). PFS of second-generation ALK inhibitors as first-line treatment was longer than that of Crizotinib as first-line (P < 0.001). Non-smokers had longer OS than smokers(P=0.001).
[Conclusions] There are differences in abundance between different fusion partners and subtypes in advanced NSCLC with positive ALK. OS is not associated with subtypes, mutation abundance and first line treatment option of either generation of ALK inhibitors. Smoking is a poor prognostic factor.
Applicability of the low-grade inflammation score in predicting 90-day functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Zhou Yang , Luo Yufan , Liang Huazheng , Zhong Ping , Wu Danhong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and Purpose: The low-grade inflammation (LGI) score, a novel indicator of chronic LGI, combines C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte counts, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and the platelet (PLT) count,to predict outcomes of patients with various conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, few studies have examined the role of the LGI score in predicting functional outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke. Therefore, the present study was set to explore the potential of applying the LGI score at admission to predict outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke.
Methods: A total of 1,215 patients were screened in the present study, and 876 patients were finally included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Blood tests were carried out within 24 hours of admission. Severity of ischemic stroke was assessed using the NIHSS score with severe stroke denoted by NIHSS > 5. Early neurological deterioration (END) was defined as an increment in the total NIHSS score of ≥ 2 points within 7 days after admission. Patient outcomes were assessed at 90-days after stroke onset using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).
Results: The LGI score was positively correlated with baseline and one-week NIHSS scores(R2 = 0.119, p < 0.001;R2 = 0.123, p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the LGI score was an independent predictor of stroke severity and END. In crude model, the LGI score in the fourth quartile was associated with a higher risk of poor outcomes at 90-day compared with the LGI score in the first quartile (OR= 5.02, 95% CI: 3.09-8.14, p for trend<0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the LGI score in the fourth quartile was independently associated with poor outcomes at 90-day (OR=2.65, 95% CI: 1.47-4.76, p for trend=0.001). Finally, the ROC curve analysis showed an AUC of 0.682 for poor outcomes at 90- day after stroke onset.
Conclusion: The LGI score is strongly correlated with the severity of acute ischemic stroke and that the LGI score is a good predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Risk of Ocular Inflammation: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Ren Shaojie , xu Manhong , Shi Wei , Chen Xin , Fan Ruiyan , Yu Zihao , Li Xiaorong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To determine whether there is a causal effect of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on ocular inflammation?
Design: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.
Methods: IBD-associated genetic instruments were derived from the largest genome-wide association studies published to date for IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn’s diseases (CD). FinnGen research project was used to identify genetic risk variants for conjunctivitis, keratitis, iridocyclitis, chorioretinitis, episcleritis, and optic neuritis. All participants were of European ancestry. Inverse-variance−weighted (IVW) was used as the primary outcome, while weighted median (WM) and MR-Egger were used to improve the estimation of IVW.
Results: A nominal causal effect of genetically predicted IBD on risk of conjunctivitis, keratitis, iridocyclitis, and optic neuritis, but not on chorioretinitis or episcleritis. After Bonferroni correction, the results showed that genetically predicted UC was significantly associated with an increased risk of iridocyclitis (IVW: OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.24, P=2.54×10-7), CD was significantly associated with conjunctivitis (IVW: OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03-1.08, P=3.20×10-5), keratitis (IVW: OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.09; P=1.13×10-3), and iridocyclitis (IVW: OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.14; P=1.43×10-4).
Conclusion: This study illustrates that IBD causally poses a risk of inflammation of conjunctival, cornea, iris-ciliary，and optic neuritis. Moreover, CD is more closely associated with the eye than UC. These implyed that the relationship of IBD and different parts of the eye structure were different, and provided novel evidence linking based on the association of the gut-eye axis.
Virus-response proteinuria underlies rapid changes in kidney filtration barrier function in COVID-19
Authors: Reiser Jochen , Wei Changli , Datta Prasun , Siegerist Florian , Li Jing , Sudhini Yashwanth , Koh Kwi , Kriho Nicholas , Ismail Anis , Luo Shengyuan , Fischer Tracy , Amber Kyle , Cimbaluk David , Landay Alan , Endlich Nicole , Rappaport Jay , Hayek Salim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In patients with moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), both proteinuria and high plasma levels of soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) are commonly observed. Here we show a new type of proteinuria originating as part of a viral response. Inoculation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused increased suPAR levels and glomerulopathy in African Green Monkeys. We developed a unique mouse model whereby inhaled variants of the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein elicited proteinuria with high levels of suPAR. This proteinuric response was prevented by either suPAR blockade or prior SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We demonstrate biophysical and functional differences of spike S1 protein between various SARS-CoV-2 variants and their binding to regulatory podocyte integrins. In a cohort of 1991 COVID-19 patients, suPAR levels exhibited a stepwise association with proteinuria in non-Omicron, but not in Omicron infections. These findings suggest that viral proteins may cause proteinuria by elevating plasma suPAR levels and co-activating podocyte integrins, thus providing a basis for understanding viral-associated proteinuria syndromes.
A neural-ODE based continuous glucose monitoring measurements forecasting approach with knowledge distillation
Authors: Xing Yuting , Ye Hangting , Cao Wei , Zheng Shun , Bian Jiang , Guo Yike 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: With the increasing use and growing popularity of insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) devices, more reliable sources of data could be obtained to lead to better glucose control, treatment decision and diabetes management. The critical challenge of diabetes management is to develop accurate algorithms that can predict future blood glucose trends and manage the amount of insulin. However, in reality, continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) data is unavailable and difficult to acquire in some scenarios: for example, most type-2 diabetic patients only measure their finger sticks which are far more sparse than CGM. Few work studies glucose prediction when such continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data is unavailable. Therefore, in this paper, we investigated the possibility of predicting the dense continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) levels purely based on sporadic self-monitoring signals such as finger sticks.
Results: We proposed a novel neural ordinary differential equation (neural ODE) based method BGKD-ODE for forecasting continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and the fundamental idea of this method is to use neural networks to learn the underlying dynamics of blood glucose metabolism in a data-driven manner. Since most of the machine learning methods can not handle such sparse data, to alleviate the training difficulty due to the data sparsity, we integrate the expert knowledge of the existing physiological model into our model. Experiments on real-world data demonstrate the strength of BGKD-ODE in accurately predicting long-term continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) levels only based on sporadic finger sticks.
Conclusion: Our proposed method BGKD-ODE could be employed to obtain better insights into foresting blood glucose trends of T1DM patients. Furthermore, in the future, this model can be extended easily to type 2 diabetes with modification on reliable field knowledge.