bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Active Middle School Athletes Demonstrate Poor Motor Skill Proficiency
Authors: Butler Lauren S. , Sugimoto Dai , Erdman Ashley , Yoder Jason , Greiner Kayla , Larroque Cynthia , Latz Kevin , Loewen Alex , Wyatt Charles W. , DeVerna Amie ,   PRiSM Injury Prevention Research Interest Group, Ulman Sophia 
Published: June 2023

Background: Fundamental movement skills (FMS) are critical components to lifelong participation in sports and physical activity. With the rise in early sports specialization, mastery of motor skills may be limited in youth athletes. The purpose of this study was to assess FMS proficiency in highly active middle school athletes and determine whether proficiency differed between specialization levels and sex. Hypothesis: (1) Most athletes would fail to achieve proficiency in all domains of the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2), (2) highly specialized athletes would demonstrate lower proficiency in all domains of the TGMD-2, and (3) male athletes would demonstrate higher proficiency than female athletes. Study Design: Cross-sectional. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A total of 91 athletes were recruited (44 male, 12.6 ± 0.9 years). Activity level was quantified using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (Pedi-FABS), specialization level was determined using the Jayanthi Specialization Scale, and the TGMD-2 was used to assess FMS proficiency. Descriptive statistics were used to describe gross motor, locomotor, and object control percentile rank. A 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences in percentile rank between low, moderate, and high specialization groups and independent samples t tests were used to compare sexes ( α < 0.05). Results: Mean Pedi-FABS score was 23.6 ± 4.9. In total, 24.2%, 38.5%, and 37.4% of athletes classified as low, moderate, and highly specialized, respectively. Mean percentile ranks were 56.2%, 64.7%, and 62.6% for locomotor, object control, and gross motor domains, respectively. No athlete achieved a percentile rank >99% in any domain of the TGMD-2, and there was no significant difference between specialization groups or sex. Conclusion: Despite high activity levels, no athlete demonstrated proficiency in any domain of the TGMD-2, and there was no difference in proficiency between specialization levels or by sex. Clinical Relevance: Sport participation, regardless of level, does not ensure adequate mastery of FMS.
Altered whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity and brain network topology in typhoon-related post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Chen Hui Juan , Ke Jun , Qiu Jie , Xu Qiang , Zhong Yuan , Lu Guang Ming , Wu Yanglei , Qi Rongfeng , Chen Feng 
Published: June 2023

Background: Altered resting-state functional connectivity has been found in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the alteration of resting-state functional connectivity at whole-brain level in typhoon-traumatized individuals with PTSD remains largely unknown. Objectives: To investigate changes in whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity and brain network topology in typhoon-traumatized subjects with and without PTSD. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty-seven patients with typhoon-related PTSD, 33 trauma-exposed controls (TEC), and 30 healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning. The whole brain resting-state functional connectivity network was constructed based on the automated anatomical labeling atlas. The graph theory method was used to analyze the topological properties of the large-scale resting-state functional connectivity network. Whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity and the topological network property were compared by analyzing the variance. Results: There was no significant difference in the area under the curve of γ, λ, σ, global efficiency, and local efficiency among the three groups. The PTSD group showed increased dorsal cingulate cortex (dACC) resting-state functional connectivity with the postcentral gyrus (PoCG) and paracentral lobe and increased nodal betweenness centrality in the precuneus relative to both control groups. Compared with the PTSD and HC groups, the TEC group showed increased resting-state functional connectivity between the hippocampus and PoCG and increased connectivity strength in the putamen. In addition, compared with the HC group, both the PTSD and TEC groups showed increased connectivity strength and nodal efficiency in the insula. Conclusion: Aberrant resting-state functional connectivity and topology were found in all trauma-exposed individuals. These findings broaden our knowledge of the neuropathological mechanisms of PTSD.
Technology-Assisted Reading Instruction for English Language Learners: A Methodological Review
Authors: Zuo (左心阅) Xinyue , Ives Denise 
Published: June 2023

Purpose By methodologically reviewing the literature on Technology-Assisted Reading Instruction (TARI) for English Language Learners (ELLs) in K-12 settings, this study aims to advance the knowledge of TARI research and guide future research directions. Design/Approach/Methods This study examines 32 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2000 and 2020. Each article was analyzed for research objectives, reading skills, learner demographics and contexts, theoretical frameworks, research designs, and outcomes. Findings A review of the literature reveals a strong focus on evaluating the efficacy of TARI through summative assessments, but limited attention to learners’ literacy practices and interactive engagement in digital contexts. Additionally, there is a marked lack of alternative approaches to assessing the effectiveness of technology in promoting ELLs’ reading progression and a continued emphasis on developing traditional literacy over multimodal literacy. TARI can enhance reading motivation, foster collaborative learning, provide scaffolding, improve reading performance, and expand semiotic resources. Originality/Value As one of the first comprehensive methodological reviews of TARI, this study elucidates ELL reading education in the era of multiliteracy. Results have implications for technology-mediated education, which expanded rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Stiffness and Instability After MPFL Reconstruction Using a Fluoroscopic Versus Open Technique to Localize the Femoral Attachment Site: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Heindel Koan , Smoak Jason , Kocan Joseph , Cossell Charles , Haider Mohammad Nadir , Levy Benjamin J. , Bisson Leslie 
Published: June 2023

Background: Open and fluoroscopic techniques have been described for localization of the femoral attachment site in medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction. No study to date has evaluated if one technique is superior to another in terms of complications. Purpose: To review the literature comparing clinical outcomes of MPFL reconstruction using the fluoroscopic versus open technique to localize the site of femoral graft placement. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed via PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL to identify articles published between the inception of these databases and March 1, 2022, in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. This search yielded 4183 publications for initial review. Studies with at least a 2-year follow-up and complete reporting of patient-reported outcomes, range of motion, recurrent instability, and/or complications (ie, stiffness, infection, persistent pain) were included. We excluded studies of patients with collagen disorders; revision surgeries; surgeries with concomitant procedures; synthetic MPFL reconstruction; MPFL repairs; combined open and radiographic technique; and case series that included <10 patients. A proportional meta-analysis was performed by calculating the pooled estimate of incidence with 95% CIs using a fixed-effects model with double arcsine transformation (Freeman-Tukey) for each type of surgical technique (fluoroscopic or open). Results: A total of 29 studies met our inclusion criteria, of which 15 studies (566 patients) used the open technique and 14 studies (620 patients) used fluoroscopy. There were no significant differences between the open and fluoroscopic techniques in the incidence of postoperative apprehension ( P = .4826), postoperative subjective instability ( P = .1095), postoperative objective instability ( P = .5583), reoperations ( P = .7981), recurrent dislocation ( P = .6690), or arthrofibrosis ( P = .8118). Conclusion: Both open and radiographic localization of the femoral graft position in MPFL reconstruction offer similar outcomes and rates of complications.
Reversible cerebral Vasoconstriction syndrome intERnational CollaborativE (REVERCE) network: Study protocol and rationale of a multicentre research collaboration
Authors: Lange Kristin Sophie , Choi So Youn , Ling Yu-Hsiang , Chen Shih-Pin , Mawet Jérôme , Duflos Claire , Lee Mi Ji , Ducros Anne , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Pezzini Alessandro 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a rare, but increasingly recognised cerebrovascular condition with an estimated annual age-standardised incidence of approximately three cases per million. Knowledge about risk factors and triggering conditions and information about prognosis and optimal treatment in these patients are limited. Methods: The REversible cerebral Vasoconstriction syndrome intERnational CollaborativE (REVERCE) project aims to elucidate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of RCVS by collecting individual patient data from four countries (France, Italy, Taiwan and South Korea) in the setting of a multicentric study. All patients with a diagnosis of definite RCVS will be included. Data on the distribution of risk factors and triggering conditions, imaging data, neurological complications, functional outcome, risk of recurrent vascular events and death and finally the use of specific treatments will be collected. Subgroup analyses will be made based on age, gender, aetiology, ethnicity and geographical region of residence. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval for the REVERCE study will be obtained from national or local institutional review boards in the participating centres. When needed, a standardised data transfer agreement will be provided for participating centres. We plan dissemination of our results in peer-reviewed international scientific journals and through conference presentations. We expect that the results of this unique study will lead to better understanding of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of RCVS patients.
Multimorbidity in South Africa: Is the health system ready?
Authors: Roomaney Rifqah Abeeda , van Wyk Brian , Pillay-van Wyk Victoria 
Published: June 2023

Background: Multimorbidity is likely to be a significant contributor to ill health and inequality in South Africa and yet has been largely overlooked. Purpose: This paper focuses on the findings of a recent large study that highlighted emerging issues - namely (i) the high levels of multimorbidity among three key groups - older adults, women, and the wealthy; (ii) discordant and concordant disease clusters among the multimorbid. Research Design: Narrative. Study Sample and Data Collection: Not applicable. Results: We discuss the implications of each emerging issue for health systems policy and practice. Conclusion: Although key policies are identified, many of these policies are not implemented and are therefore not part of routine practice, leaving much space for improvement.
Comparison of mortality rate and septic and aseptic revisions in total hip arthroplasties for osteoarthritis and femoral neck fracture: an analysis of the German Arthroplasty Registry
Authors: Szymski Dominik , Walter Nike , Krull Paula , Melsheimer Oliver , Schindler Melanie , Grimberg Alexander , Alt Volker , Steinbrueck Arnd , Rupp Markus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Indications for total hip arthroplasties (THA) differ from primary osteoarthritis (OA), which allows elective surgery through femoral neck fractures (FNF), which require timely surgical care. The aim of this investigation was to compare mortality and revisions in THA for primary OA and FNF.

Methods
Data collection for this study was performed using the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD) with analysis THA for the treatment of FNF and OA. Cases were matched 1:1 according to age, sex, body mass index (BMI), cementation, and the Elixhauser score using Mahalanobis distance matching.

Results
Overall 43,436 cases of THA for the treatment of OA and FNF were analyzed in this study. Mortality was significantly increased in FNF, with 12.6% after 1 year and 36.5% after 5 years compared with 3.0% and 18.7% in OA, respectively (p < 0.0001). The proportion for septic and aseptic revisions was significantly increased in FNF (p < 0.0001). Main causes for an aseptic failure were mechanical complications (OA: 1.1%; FNF: 2.4%; p < 0.0001) and periprosthetic fractures (OA: 0.2%; FNF: 0.4%; p = 0.021). As influencing factors for male patients with septic failure (p < 0.002), increased BMI and Elixhauser comorbidity score and diagnosis of fracture (all p < 0.0001) were identified. For aseptic revision surgeries, BMI, Elixhauser score, and FNF were influencing factors (p < 0.0001), while all cemented and hybrid cemented THA were associated with a risk reduction for aseptic failure within 90 days after surgery (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
In femoral neck fractures treated with THA, a significant higher mortality, as well as septic and aseptic failure rate, was demonstrated compared with prosthesis for the therapy of osteoarthritis. Increased Elixhauser comorbidity score and BMI are the main influencing factors for development of septic or aseptic failure and can represent a potential approach for prevention measures.
Level of evidence: Level III, Prognostic.
Peroneal muscle response to single-leg drop-jump and unexpected leg-drop in young and middle-aged adults before and after one session of neuromuscular training
Authors: Hayek Roee , Gottlieb Uri , Gutman Itai , Springer Shmuel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Changes in neuromuscular ability in middle age (MA) may lead to deterioration of postural control. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticipatory response of the peroneus longus muscle (PL) to landing after a single-leg drop-jump (SLDJ), and its postural response after an unexpected leg-drop in MA and young adults. A second aim was to investigate the influence of neuromuscular training on PL postural responses in both age groups.

Methods
Twenty-six healthy MA (55.3 ± 4 years) and 26 healthy young adults (26.3 ± 3.6 years) participated in the study. Assessments were performed before (T0) and after (T1) PL EMG biofeedback (BF) neuromuscular training. Subjects performed SLDJ, and PL EMG activity in preparation for landing (% of flight time) was calculated. To measure PL time to activation onset and time to peak activation in response to an unexpected leg-drop, subjects stood on a customized trapdoor device that produced a sudden 30° ankle inversion.

Results
Before training, the MA group showed significantly shorter PL activity in preparation for landing compared to the young adults (25.0% vs. 30.0%, p = 0.016), while after training there was no difference between the groups (28.0% vs. 29.0%, p = 0.387). There were no differences between groups in peroneal activity after the unexpected leg-drop before and after training.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that automatic anticipatory peroneal postural responses are decreased at MA, whereas reflexive postural responses appear to be intact in this age group. A short PL EMG-BF neuromuscular training may have an immediate positive effect on PL muscle activity at MA. This should encourage the development of specific interventions to ensure better postural control in this group.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05006547.
The Poisson distribution model fits UMI-based single-cell RNA-sequencing data
Authors: Pan Yue , Landis Justin T. , Moorad Razia , Wu Di , Marron J. S. , Dittmer Dirk P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Modeling of single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data remains challenging due to a high percentage of zeros and data heterogeneity, so improved modeling has strong potential to benefit many downstream data analyses. The existing zero-inflated or over-dispersed models are based on aggregations at either the gene or the cell level. However, they typically lose accuracy due to a too crude aggregation at those two levels.

Results
We avoid the crude approximations entailed by such aggregation through proposing an independent Poisson distribution (IPD) particularly at each individual entry in the scRNA-seq data matrix. This approach naturally and intuitively models the large number of zeros as matrix entries with a very small Poisson parameter. The critical challenge of cell clustering is approached via a novel data representation as Departures from a simple homogeneous IPD (DIPD) to capture the per-gene-per-cell intrinsic heterogeneity generated by cell clusters. Our experiments using real data and crafted experiments show that using DIPD as a data representation for scRNA-seq data can uncover novel cell subtypes that are missed or can only be found by careful parameter tuning using conventional methods.

Conclusions
This new method has multiple advantages, including (1) no need for prior feature selection or manual optimization of hyperparameters; (2) flexibility to combine with and improve upon other methods, such as Seurat. Another novel contribution is the use of crafted experiments as part of the validation of our newly developed DIPD-based clustering pipeline. This new clustering pipeline is implemented in the R (CRAN) package scpoisson.
Indirect regeneration in Ficus lyrata Warb. and metabolite profiles influenced by nitric oxide and Plant growth regulators
Authors: Abdolinejad Ruhollah , Salmi Mohamadreza Salehi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
To establish an indirect regeneration protocol in Ficus lyrata, a three-phase experiment (callus induction, morphogenic callus induction, and plant regeneration) based on auxin, cytokinin, and nitric oxide interactions was designed and implemented using leaf explants. The metabolite profiles (amino acid profile, total phenolic content, total soluble sugars, and total antioxidant activity) alteration patterns were also investigated to determine the metabolites contributing to the progress of each phase.

Results
Results demonstrated that 11 out of 48 implemented treatments resulted in morphogenic callus induction (morphogenic treatments), and nitric oxide played a key role in increasing efficiency from 13 to 100%. More importantly, nitric oxide cross-talk with cytokinins was necessary for shoot regeneration from morphogenic calli. Only 4 out of all 48 implemented treatments were capable of shoot regeneration (regenerative treatments), and among them, PR42 treatment led to the highest shoot regeneration rate (86%) and maximum mean number of shoot/explant (10.46). Metabolite analyses revealed that the morphogenic and regenerative treatments followed similar metabolite alterations, which were associated with increased biosynthesis of arginine, lysine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, histidine, threonine, leucine, glycine, serine amino acids, total soluble sugars content, and total antioxidant activity. On the contrary, non-morphogenic and non-regenerative treatments caused the accumulation of a significantly greater total phenolic content and malondialdehyde in the explant cells, which reflexed the stressful condition of the explants.

Conclusions
It could be concluded that the proper interactions of auxin, cytokinins, and nitric oxide could result in metabolite biosynthesis alterations, leading to triggering cell proliferation, morphogenic center formation, and shoot regeneration.
Cerebral embolic protection during transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of propensity score matched and randomized controlled trials using the Sentinel cerebral embolic protection device
Authors: Wolfrum Mathias , Handerer Immanuel Justus , Moccetti Federico , Schmeisser Alexander , Braun-Dullaeus Ruediger C. , Toggweiler Stefan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The Sentinel cerebral embolic protection device (CEP) aims to reduce the risk of stroke during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of propensity score matched (PSM) and randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigating the effect of the Sentinel CEP to prevent strokes during TAVR.

Methods
Eligible trials were searched through PubMed, ISI Web of science databases, Cochrane database, and proceedings of major congresses. Primary outcome was stroke. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, major or life-threatening bleeding, major vascular complications and acute kidney injury at discharge. Fixed and random effect models were used to calculate the pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and absolute risk difference (ARD).

Results
A total of 4066 patients from 4 RCTs (3′506 patients) and 1 PSM study (560 patients) were included. Use of Sentinel CEP was successful in 92% of patients and was associated with a significantly lower risk of stroke (RR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48–0.95, p = 0.02. ARD: -1.3%, 95% CI: -2.3 – -0.2, p = 0.02, number needed to treat (NNT) = 77), and a reduced risk of disabling stroke (RR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.17–0.65. ARD: -0.9%, 95% CI: -1.5 – -0.3, p = 0.004, NNT = 111). Use of Sentinel CEP was associated with a lower risk of major or life-threatening bleeding (RR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.16–0.87, p = 0.02). Risk for nondisabling stroke (RR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.62–1.40, p = 0.73), all-cause mortality (RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.35–1.40, p = 0.31), major vascular complications (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.33–1.67, p = 0.47) and acute kidney injury (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.37–1.50, p = 0.40) were similar.

Conclusions
The use of CEP during TAVR was associated with lower risks of any stroke and disabling stroke with an NNT of 77 and 111, respectively.