bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic diagnosis and management of eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Tanaka Fumio , Sawada Akinari , Tanaka Sayaka , Kohashi Kenichi , Fujiwara Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic allergic inflammatory disease, and its incidence and prevalence have recently increased. Eosinophilic esophagitis has not become a rare disease; thus, knowledge for diagnosing it is needed in current clinical practice. The adequate management of endoscopic procedures is particularly important for the diagnosis and evaluation of inflammatory activity and therapeutic responses. The therapeutic options for eosinophilic esophagitis include anti‐acid drugs such as proton pump inhibitors, potassium‐competitive acid blockers, swallowed topical corticosteroids, biologics, and dietary elimination therapies. Moreover, endoscopic esophageal dilation is a therapeutic option for fibrotic strictures due to eosinophilic esophagitis to improve obstructive symptoms, such as dysphagia and food impaction. In this review, we describe the endoscopic characteristics of eosinophilic esophagitis, including an endoscopic reference score and an optimal biopsy protocol to diagnose and evaluate the therapeutic response. We also describe a current therapeutic management of eosinophilic esophagitis.
Synthetic Biology‐Based Engineering Cells for Drug Delivery
Authors: Yi Wenzhe , Hu Shuangshuang , Qian Xindi , Yan Wenlu , Li Yaping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlthough drug delivery technology has promoted the clinical translation of small molecule drugs, there is an urgent need for advanced delivery systems to overcome complex physiological barriers and the increasing development of biological drugs. This review overviews the emerging applications of synthetic biology‐based engineered cells for drug delivery. We first introduce synthetic biology strategies to engineer cells for biological drug delivery and discuss the benefits in terms of specificity, intelligence, and controllability. Furthermore, we highlight the cutting‐edge advancements at the convergence of synthetic biology and nanotechnology in drug delivery. Nanotechnology expands the engineering design and construction concepts of synthetic biology, and synthetic biology drives the development for biotechnology‐driven nanomaterial synthesis. In the future, synthetic biology‐based engineered cells may be developed to be more modular, standardized, and intelligent, leading to significant breakthroughs in the construction of advanced drug delivery systems.
Predictive Role of Soluble B‐Cell Maturation Antigen in Short‐Term Monitoring of Differently Treated Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Prospective Study
Authors: Caponi Laura , Del Giudice Maria Livia , Botti Alice , Ursino Silvia , Gennari Alberto , Paolicchi Aldo , Galimberti Sara , Buda Gabriele 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe management of multiple myeloma is challenging because the disease is incurable and unexpected relapses can threaten a patient's survival. Several assessment systems are currently available, but they often require invasive or costly procedures (e.g., instrumental bone marrow and whole‐body examinations) or rely on non‐specific markers in blood and urine that may not be sufficient to assess and monitor the disease.AimsTo address some of these limitations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of soluble B‐Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA), a promising new serum biomarker, as a toll for moniting multiple myeloma patients.Materials & MethodsAn unselected cohort of 57 newly diagnosed or relapsed myeloma patients was followed up for 6 months after starting a new therapy. Soluble BCMA levels were measured in peripheral blood using a simple and inexpensive ELISA assay.ResultsSoluble BCMA was detectable in peripheral blood by a simple and inexpensive assay in all patients, even in non‐secretory disease or during BCMA‐targeted therapies, and significant changes in its levels were observed over time. The analysis showed that the decrease in sBCMA at 1 and 6 months reflects the quality of the clinical response to anti‐myeloma regimens.Discussion & ConclusionThe data provide interesting insights into the usefulness of sBCMA as a non‐invasive tool for early assessment of treatment efficacy. Its simple and cost‐effective detection in peripheral blood could provide clinicians with an addiotional resource for monitoring disease progression and tailoring treatment strategies.
Circumflex Scapular Artery Perforator Flap and Its Surgical Refinements in Soft Tissue Reconstruction for Various Regions of the Foot and Ankle in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Sui Xinlei , Qing Liming , Yu Fang , Wu Panfeng , Tang Juyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionReconstruction for various regions of the foot and ankle in pediatric patients remains a challenging topic. This study presents the circumflex scapular artery perforator (CSAP) flap and its surgical refinements for addressing soft tissue defects in various regions of the foot and ankle in pediatrics.Patients and MethodsForty‐seven patients underwent CSAP flap and its surgical refinements for the reconstruction of foot and ankle defects from 2010 to 2022. Mean age was 6.9 (range 2–14). Defects were observed in the ankle, dorsal foot, heel, and sole. The classic CSAP flap was used in 23 patients, and the CSAP flap with refined techniques was utilized in 24 patients, including double skin paddle, debulking, flow‐through, and chimeric CSAP flaps.ResultsThe size of the CSAP flaps ranged between 4.5 × 4 and 18 × 6.5 cm2. All flaps survived except for one case. The patient suffered total flap necrosis and was treated with a secondary reconstructive surgery. Primary closure of the donor site was achieved in all cases. The average follow‐up period was 15.6 months. At the final follow‐up, the mean AOFAS score was 93.6 (range 77–100). Mean VAS flap appearance score was 8.1 (range 6–10). Most patients showed satisfactory results.ConclusionThe CSAP flap and its surgical refinements are alternative options for repairing pediatric foot and ankle defects, especially in cases involving large defects around the ankle joint, dorsal foot, and non‐weight‐bearing regions of the heel and sole.
Dynamic Behaviors and Bifurcation Analysis of a Three‐Dimensional Filippov Ecosystem With Fear Effect
Authors: Hu Mengting , Xiang Changcheng , Chu Ben 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA Filippov system of crop‐pest‐natural enemy with a Holling‐II type functional response function is developed based on the fear effect and threshold control strategy. The threshold control strategy is mainly a means of controlling pests and natural enemies. When the number of natural enemies is below a threshold, the natural enemies cannot achieve a controlling effect on the pest population and control is needed to suppress the outbreak. In this case, the fear of pests to natural enemies will affect the pest's survival mode, thus affecting the pest's dynamic behavior. However, the number of natural enemy population exceeds the threshold density, and there is no need to control the system. At this point, the pest's fear of natural enemies is almost zero. The dynamic behavior of the two subsystems of the model is discussed, the existence and stability of various equilibria are analyzed, and the existence of sliding and crossing regions is also investigated. In addition, it is possible that the established model has more than one pseudo‐equilibrium. Therefore, the dynamic behavior of the pseudo‐equilibria is analyzed, and we observe that Hopf bifurcation occurs near the pseudo‐equilibria. By numerically simulating the global sliding bifurcation of the system, we discover that as the bifurcation parameters are varied, the system exhibits a series of bifurcations such as grazing bifurcation, buckling bifurcation, crossing bifurcation, and period‐halving bifurcation.
A Novel All‐Metal Tunable Broadband Frequency‐Selective Surface
Authors: Li Liang , Zhang Pengfei , Yang Zhao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, we design an all‐metal tunable broadband frequency selective surface (FSS) that eliminates the need for lossy dielectric substrates and active devices requiring complex bias DC voltage‐based control circuits. The FSS is constructed from three cascaded all‐metallic plates, each comprising cells formed by uniting two concentric four‐arm substructures. Those cascaded configuration exploits multi‐order filtering to obtain broadband and independently controllable odd‐mode resonance to generate tunable bandpass response. The operating mechanism of the proposed FSS is analyzed and verified by the results from full‐wave simulation, equivalent circuit calculation, and mode‐related analysis. The measured and simulated results show that the structure can provide a tunable bandwidth range from 6.40 to 10.0 GHz, with a maximum bandwidth of 43%. Additionally, the FSS maintains low insertion losses and stable performance for both TE and TM polarization across a wide range of incidence angles.
Design and development of pyrazol‐5‐ylbenzamide derivatives containing chiral oxazoline moiety as fungicides based on molecular docking
Authors: Cheng Xiang , Zhang Zhen , Huang Yuanjian , Wang Fanglei , Wang Dandan , Lv Xianhai , Chang Xihao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDDevelopment of novel chiral antifungal agents for effective control of plant pathogens is urgently needed. In this study, a series of pyrazol‐5‐yl‐benzamide derivatives containing chiral oxazoline moiety were rationally designed and developed based on molecular docking.RESULTSThe in vitro antifungal assay results indicated that compounds (rac)‐4h (R1 = Et), (S)‐4 h (R1 = S‐Et) and (R)‐4 h (R1 = R‐Et) exhibited remarkable antifungal activities against Valsa mali with median effective concentration (EC50) values of 0.24, 0.06 and 1.08 mg/L, respectively. Preliminary structure–activity relationships (SARs) revealed that the modification of the chiral substituent group at the oxazoline moiety significantly affected the antifungal activities of the target compounds. Furthermore, compounds (S)‐4h (87.5%) and (R)‐4h (84.3%) exhibited in vivo protective activities comparable to tebuconazole (87.5%) against V. mali. Subsequent molecular docking analysis, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzyme inhibition assays and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations verified that the potential target enzyme of this class of derivatives could be SDH and helped to explain the large difference in antifungal activities of compounds (S)‐4h and (R)‐4h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations confirmed that these two compounds severely disrupted the mycelial morphology of V. mali. Theoretical calculation studies provided some insight into the subsequent modification of such pyrazol‐5‐yl‐benzamide derivatives. Resistance frequency studies showed that (S)‐4h and (R)‐4h treatments were less likely to produce resistant fungal strains than tebuconazole. Meanwhile, compounds (S)‐4h and (R)‐4h exhibited no apparent toxicity to the Apis mellifera L. population.CONCLUSIONTherefore, these derivatives are potential candidates for the development of novel chiral fungicides for crop protection. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Copper Tantalate by a Sodium‐Driven Flux‐Mediated Synthesis for Photoelectrochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Köche Ariadne , Hong Kootak , Seo Sehun , Babbe Finn , Gim Hyeongyu , Kim Keon‐Han , Choi Hojoong , Jung Yoonsung , Oh Inhyeok , Krishnamurthy Gnanavel Vaidhyanathan , Störmer Michael , Lee Sanghan , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Bell Alexis T. , Khan Sherdil , Sutter‐Fella Carolin M. , Toma Francesca M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCopper‐tantalate, Cu2Ta4O11 (CTO), shows significant promise as an efficient photocathode for multi‐carbon compounds (C2+) production through photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO2 reduction, owing to its suitable energy bands and catalytic surface. However, synthesizing CTO poses a significant challenge due to its metastable nature and thermal instability. In this study, this challenge is addressed by employing a flux‐mediated synthesis technique using a sodium‐based flux to create sodium‐doped CTO (Na‐CTO) thin films, providing enhanced nucleation and stabilization for the CTO phase. To evaluate the PEC performance and catalytic properties of the films, copper(II) oxide (CuO) at the Na‐CTO surface is selectively etched. The etched Na‐CTO shows a lower dark current, with decreased contribution from photocorrosion, unlike the non‐etched Na‐CTO which has remaining CuO on the surface. Furthermore, Na‐CTO exhibits 7.3‐fold ethylene selectivity over hydrogen, thus highlighting its promising potential as a photocathode for C2+ production through PEC CO2 reduction.
Bifunctional NiCo‐CuO Nanostructures: A Promising Catalyst for Energy Conversion and Storage
Authors: Kumaravelu Thanigai Arul , Nga Ta Thi Thuy , J Ramana Ramya , J Gajendiran , M Karthikeyan , Chou Wu‐Ching , Chen Jeng‐Lung , Chen Chi‐Liang , Lin Bi‐Hsuan , Du Chao‐Hung , Yeh Ping‐Hung , Kandasami Asokan , Hsu Ju‐Hung , Wang Chun‐Chieh , Dong Chung‐Li 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis investigation explores the potential of co‐incorporating nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) into copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures for bifunctional electrochemical charge storage and oxygen evolution reactions (OER). A facile wet chemical synthesis method is employed to co‐incorporate Ni and Co into CuO, yielding diverse nanostructured morphologies, including rods, spheres, and flake. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analyses confirmed the formation of NiCo‐CuO nanostructure, with minor phases of nickel oxide (NiO) and cobalt tetraoxide (Co3O4). High‐resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) also confirms the diverse morphologies and the minor phases of oxides. Synchrotron X‐ray absorption spectroscopy revealed higher charge states of Cu, Ni, and Co in the NiCo‐CuO nanostructure, enhancing its charge storage and OER. Site‐selective X‐ray absorption near edge structure analysis elucidated the spatial distribution of Cu, Ni, and Co in the nanostructure. Furthermore, extended X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy provided insights into the local atomic structures, revealing increased coordination numbers and interatomic distances in the NiCo‐CuO nanostructure. In situ Raman analysis discloses the transformation of Co3O4 into cobalt hydroxide (Co(OH)2) and cobalt oxide (CoO) into cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) The NiCo‐CuO nanostructures exhibited superior specific capacitance, favorable Tafel behavior, and low overpotential positioning as promising bifunctional materials for energy storage and conversion applications. This work contributes to the development of efficient CuO nanocatalysts.
A Comprehensive Review on Recent Progress in Carbon Nanotubes for Biomedical Application
Authors: Shabnum S. Sameera , Siranjeevi R. , Raj C. Krishna , Nivetha P. , Benazir K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered as the prototypical nanomaterials, propelling them to the forefront of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Carbon nanotubes offer potential therapeutic uses in drug transport, diagnostics, biosensing, and tissue engineering. Fluorescence imaging across the NIR‐II range with increased penetration into tissues and spatial precision has shown significant promise in recent years as an effective imaging approach, harnessing the intrinsic band‐gap luminescence of semiconducting CNTs. They can penetrate through membranes, delivering medicines, vaccinations, and nucleic acids to previously inaccessible destinations. Thus, the development of innovative and effective drug delivery methods with CNTs can improve the pharmacological properties of many types of medication. Furthermore, the simplicity with which CNTs may be surface functionalized has led to their application as gene delivery vectors for illnesses such as cancer. These vectors include plasmid DNA, miRNA, and siRNA. CNTs, among other carbon nanomaterials, are inherently strong electrical conductors, making them great candidates for interfacing electrically excitable tissues and conducting brain interface investigations. CNT‐based hydrogels are commonly utilized for wound healing and antimicrobial purposes. They have shown increased antimicrobial, antibacterial, adhesive, antioxidant, and mechanical capabilities, all of which aids in wound healing. In the field of biomedicine, CNTs are being hailed as promising prospects for both diagnostic and treatment. When it comes to medication distribution, CNTs can help overcome some of the drawbacks of “free” drugs by helping to formulate less water‐soluble medications better, enabling targeted delivery, and even facilitating the co‐delivery of more than one medication for combination therapy. Currently, two methods attaching the substance being delivered to the exterior sidewalls or encapsulating it within the interior cavities are being investigated for the delivery of medicinal and diagnostic chemicals using CNTs. This article discusses the most recent developments in the use of CNTs, including single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as well as multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), as multipurpose nanoprobes for biomedical applications.
From Drawing to Mapping
Authors: Okada Alexandra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This third chapter presents three learning objectives:

Understand and describe the progression of children’s graphic representations from simple scribbles to detailed and thematic drawings based on the research by Luquet and Piaget.

Identify and analyse the evolution of children’s drawing concepts from abstract shapes to conceptual themes such as food, plants, and ecosystems, demonstrating an understanding of the developmental stages.

Learn strategies to effectively guide children in transitioning from drawing to mapping, emphasising the need for structured support to facilitate this developmental stage.
Inanspruchnahme von Versorgungsangeboten junger Erwachsener mit ersten psychotischen Episoden im FRITZ am Urban in Berlin unter Berücksichtigung des Migrationshintergrunds
Authors: Bernhardt Miriam , Siebert Stefan , Baumgardt Johanna , Domanska Olga Maria , Leopold Karolina , Bechdolf Andreas 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
In Deutschland liegen kaum Studien vor, die Versorgungswege im Frühverlauf von Psychosen sowie die Dauer der unbehandelten Psychosen (DUP) untersuchen und dabei den Migrationshintergrund berücksichtigen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Studie untersucht, ob sich junge Erwachsene mit (PmM) und ohne Migrationshintergrund (PoM), die innerhalb der letzten fünf Jahre eine erste psychotische Episode erlebten oder das psychiatrische Versorgungssystem erstmalig in Anspruch genommen haben, in der Inanspruchnahme von Versorgungsangeboten und der DUP unterscheiden.

Material und Methoden
Die Datenerhebung sowie Post-hoc-Analysen wurden im Rahmen einer Kohortenstudie (84 stationäre Patient*innen) am Frühinterventions- und Therapiezentrum (FRITZ) in Berlin durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
PmM mit ersten psychotischen Episoden (n = 38) zeigten keine signifikanten Unterschiede zu der Vergleichsgruppe (PoM, n = 46) in der Inanspruchnahme von Versorgungsangeboten (p = 0,22). Die Zeitspanne bis zum Aufsuchen eines ersten Versorgungsangebots, die Anzahl von Kontakten ins Versorgungssystem sowie die DUP wiesen zwischen PmM und PoM keine signifikanten Unterschiede auf. PmM waren überwiegend bildungsnahe junge Erwachsene, die in Deutschland aufgewachsen sind.

Diskussion
Hilfsangebote im FRITZ wurden von allen Nutzenden ungeachtet ihres Migrationshintergrundes rasch aufgesucht, was für die weitere Implementierung spezialisierter Früherkennungsangebote in Deutschland spricht. Die Ergebnisse könnten auf eine Selektion der Studienpopulation zurückzuführen sein.

Schlussfolgerung
Weitere Untersuchungen, die bildungsferne Personen und solche mit geringen Sprachkenntnissen einschließen, sind notwendig. Die Früherkennungsangebote und Aufklärungskampagnen sollen für diese Zielgruppe angepasst werden.
Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is more cost-effective than open Nissen fundoplication in children
Authors: Högberg Niclas , Danielson Johan , Westblom Amanda , Gustafson Elisabet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Nissen fundoplication is one of the most common surgical procedures for gastroesophageal reflux. Current and previous research comparing laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) versus open Nissen fundoplication (ONF) in children suggest ambiguous conclusions. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the outcome for children operated with LNF or ONF at our institution and to evaluate the economic aspects.

Methods
32 consecutive patients (LNF: n = 18, ONF: n = 14) operated with Nissen fundoplication between the years 2011–2017 were included in the study. Data was collected by examination of the patient journals and preoperative, operative, postoperative, and post-discharge parameters were analyzed.

Results
Compared to ONF, the LNF group had shorter operating time (165.2 vs 216.6 min, p < 0.05), shorter overall operating room duration (315.0 vs 334.9 min, p < 0.05) and shorter postoperative hospital stay (3.8 vs 8.1 days, p < 0.05). The LNF group also required less morphine (1.2 vs 1.7 mg/kg, p < 0.05) and the total cost per case was 39% lower (261.1 vs 427.4 kSEK, p < 0.05). No difference was seen in postoperative complications and results.

Conclusion
Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is more cost-effective compared to open surgery and reduces postoperative hospital stay and morphine requirements.
The Stepping Stone Clubhouse Evaluation: Exploring Members’ Experiences, Service Engagement, and Perceived Impact of the Clubhouse International Model
Authors: Fjeldsoe Brianna S. , Vitangcol Kathryn , Lamerton Tayla , Sennett Melanie , Helton Daniel , Hardy Fotini , Wyder Marianne , Cunningham Zoe , McGrath Martina O. , Roseby Morag , McLean Andrew , Brown Scott , Lawler Sheleigh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Clubhouse Model of Psychosocial Rehabilitation provides non-clinical social support for adults living with a diagnosed mental illness or self-reported mental ill-health (referred to as ‘members’). The Stepping Stone Clubhouse in Brisbane, Australia was evaluated between August 2022 and August 2023 using a participatory action research approach. Data was sourced from member surveys, member interviews, and an existing Clubhouse Member Database. Outcomes included members’ self-reported psychosocial recovery, social connectedness, quality of life, frequency of hospitalizations, and their attainment of employment and/or education aspirations. In this cross-sectional evaluation, it was hypothesized that existing members (membership: 11 months – 28 years) would report better outcomes than new members (membership: 0–14 days). In total, 161 existing members and 76 new members completed a survey. Twenty-three members also participated in a semi-structured interview. Participants were aged on average 47.1 years (± 13.5), 62% were male and 31% had a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder. Existing members reported better scores than new members for: three of the four psychosocial recovery domains (Functional Recovery: 78.0% vs. 74.0%, p = 0.01; Symptom Management Recovery 69.5% vs. 65.2%, p = 0.03; Social Recovery 74.3% vs. 70.0%, p = 0.01); social connection with other members (38.1 vs. 32.2, p = 0.03) and staff (44.5 vs. 38.1, p = 0.02); quality-of-life summary scores (4.6 vs. 4.1, p = 0.01), and rates of mental health-related hospitalization (16% vs. 41%, p < 0.01). Existing members were also more likely to be in some form of employment, compared to new members (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences between existing and new members for their educational goals, with 58% of each group wanting further formal education. Stepping Stone members have better outcomes than members who have recently joined the Clubhouse. This evaluation was successful because it intentionally built evaluative capacity and empowered member-centric processes.