bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greek preschool teachers’ readiness to teach online at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tympa Eleni , Karavida Vasiliki , Charissi Athina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact around the world and has drastically changed the field of education. In addition to instructional materials, new technologies enabled access to new learning environments. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted some significant disparities between conventional information and communication technologies (ICTs) included in teacher training curricula in Greece and the new software required for remote learning and teaching. Thus, the study presented here aimed to examine the mobilisation of in-service teachers and their readiness to address teaching challenges while delivering online lessons. Online questionnaires were distributed to 110 in-service preschool teachers. The study aimed to answer four research questions about teachers’ ICT knowledge and the ways in which they used technology for work purposes, as well as the difficulties they encountered while teaching online. Evaluation of the data resulted in three main findings: (1) holding an ICT training certificate did not have a significant impact on the implementation of new technologies in distance education; (2) support from local education authorities was an important factor of the transition to online teaching; and (3) Greek teachers did not feel fully prepared to teach online.
A matched-analysis on short-term and long-term (up to 5 years of follow-up) urinary incontinence outcomes after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with and without anterior and posterior reconstruction: data on 1358 patients
Authors: Rinaldi Marco , Porreca Angelo , Di Lena Sebastiano , Di Gianfrancesco Luca , Zazzara Michele , Scarcia Marcello , Ludovico Giuseppe Mario 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We report a comparative monocentric study with a short and long-term follow-up with the aim to assess differences about urinary continence outcomes in patients treated with Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) with two different techniques: with anterior and posterior reconstruction and without any kind of reconstruction.

Materials and methods
From January 2016 to September 2021, at the Department of Urology of the “F. Miulli” Hospital of Acquaviva delle Fonti, in Italy, 850 eligible patients underwent extraperitoneal RARP with anterior and posterior reconstruction and 508 without reconstructions.

Results
In patients undergoing RARP with reconstructions 1 month after surgery the urinary continence was preserved in 287/850 patients (33.8%), 3 months after surgery in 688/850 (81%), 6 months in 721/850 (84.8%), 12 months in 734/850 (86.3%), 18 months in 671/754 (89%), 24 months in 696/754 (92.3%), 36 months in 596/662 (90%), 48 months in 394/421 (93.6%), 60 months in 207/212 (97.6%). In patients undergoing RARP without reconstruction 1 month after surgery urinary continence was preserved in 99/508 (19.4%), after 3 months in 276/508 (54.3%), 6 months in 305/508 (60%), 12 months in 329/508 (64.7%), 18 months in 300/456 (65.7%), 24 months in 295/456 (64.7%), 36 months in 268/371 (72.3%), 48 months in 181/224 (81%), 60 months in 93/103 (90.3%).

Conclusion
In our case study, the RARP with anterior and posterior reconstruction technique is associated with a statistically significant higher rate (up to 48 months of follow-up) and a faster recovery of urinary continence compared to the technique without reconstructions.
Endocytosis and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zadka Łukasz , Sochocka Marta , Hachiya Naomi , Chojdak-Łukasiewicz Justyna , Dzięgiel Piotr , Piasecki Egbert , Leszek Jerzy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most common cause of dementia. The pathogenesis of AD still remains unclear, including two main hypotheses: amyloid cascade and tau hyperphosphorylation. The hallmark neuropathological changes of AD are extracellular deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Endocytosis plays an important role in a number of cellular processes including communication with the extracellular environment, nutrient uptake, and signaling by the cell surface receptors. Based on the results of genetic and biochemical studies, there is a link between neuronal endosomal function and AD pathology. Taking this into account, we can state that in the results of previous research, endolysosomal abnormality is an important cause of neuronal lesions in the brain. Endocytosis is a central pathway involved in the regulation of the degradation of amyloidogenic components. The results of the studies suggest that a correlation between alteration in the endocytosis process and associated protein expression progresses AD. In this article, we discuss the current knowledge about endosomal abnormalities in AD.
MLACNN: an attention mechanism-based CNN architecture for predicting genome-wide DNA methylation
Authors: Bai JianGuo , Yang Hai , Wu ChangDe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMethylation is an important epigenetic regulation of methylation genes that plays a crucial role in regulating biological processes. While traditional methods for detecting methylation in biological experiments are constantly improving, the development of artificial intelligence has led to the emergence of deep learning and machine learning methods as a new trend. However, traditional machine learning-based methods rely heavily on manual feature extraction, and most deep learning methods for studying methylation extract fewer features due to their simple network structures. To address this, we propose a bottomneck network based on an attention mechanism and use new methods to ensure that the deep network can learn more effective features while minimizing overfitting. This approach enables the model to learn more features from nucleotide sequences and make better predictions of methylation. The model uses three coding methods to encode the original DNA sequence and then applies feature fusion based on attention mechanisms to obtain the best fusion method. Our results demonstrate that MLACNN outperforms previous methods and achieves more satisfactory performance.
An account of the Cunoniaceae in the Solomon archipelago and Vanuatu
Authors: Hopkins H. C. F. , Bradford J. C. , Pillon Y. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryFive genera of the largely southern hemisphere family Cunoniaceae occur in the Solomon archipelago (Solomon Islands plus the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea): Geissois, Pterophylla (previously Weinmannia p.p.), Spiraeanthemum, Schizomeria and Ackama (including Spiraeopsis) (total of 12 species); the first three genera are also found in Vanuatu (total of four species). None of the genera is endemic to these two archipelagos although more than half the species are and Spiraeanthemum macgillivrayi Seem. is the only species common to both island groups. Along with keys to the genera and species, accounts are given for G. denhamii Seem. (throughout Vanuatu), G. pentaphylla C.T.White (restricted to the island of Vanikoro, Solomon Islands), and P. makiniae H.C.Hopkins, J.Bradford & Pillon sp. nov., from Vangunu and Kolombangara in the Solomon Islands. Most of the remaining taxa have been revised for generic treatments or flora accounts and for these, only a synopsis is given with notes on types for some names. Provisional conservation assessments are provided, with ecological summaries. Generic diversity in the Cunoniaceae decreases eastwards across the Pacific Ocean to the Marquesas and Austral Islands. The islands in the western Pacific have surprisingly few genera in common with Australia, and, compared with New Caledonia, Fiji or the Solomon archipelago, Vanuatu has fewer taxa than might be predicted from its location and size, presumably because of its young geological age.
Ensemble machine learning framework for daylight modelling of various building layouts
Authors: Alsharif Rashed , Arashpour Mehrdad , Golafshani Emad , Bazli Milad , Mohandes Saeed Reza 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe application of machine learning (ML) modelling in daylight prediction has been a promising approach for reliable and effective visual comfort assessment. Although many advancements have been made, no standardized ML modelling framework exists in daylight assessment. In this study, 625 different building layouts were generated to model useful daylight illuminance (UDI). Two state-of-the-art ML algorithms, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and random forest (RF), were employed to analyze UDI in four categories: UDI-f (fell short), UDI-s (supplementary), UDI-a (autonomous), and UDI-e (exceeded). A feature (internal finish) was introduced to the framework to better reflect real-world representation. The results show that XGBoost models predict UDI with a maximum accuracy of R2 = 0.992. Compared to RF, the XGBoost ML models can significantly reduce prediction errors. Future research directions have been specified to advance the proposed framework by introducing new features and exploring new ML architectures to standardize ML applications in daylight prediction.
Virtual skeleton methodology for athlete posture modification in CFD simulations
Authors: Giljarhus Knut Erik Teigen , Liland Fredrik Fang , Oggiano Luca 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the aerodynamic influence of athlete posture in sports aerodynamics. To analyze a specific posture, wind tunnel measurements and computer simulations are commonly employed. For computer simulations, the growing trend is to use 3D scanning to create accurate representations of an athlete’s geometry. However, this process becomes cumbersome and time-consuming when multiple positions need to be scanned. This work presents a methodology to use a virtual skeleton to perform modifications of an athlete’s posture. This is an efficient approach that can be applied directly to a scanned geometry model, and that allows easy modification and use in optimization procedures. The methodology is applied to two different cases; small adjustment of arm position for a time-trial cyclist, and large alteration of a standing alpine skier into a tucked position. Computational fluid dynamics simulations show that similar results are obtained for aerodynamic drag using the proposed methodology as with geometry models obtained from 3D scanning. Less than 1% difference in drag area was found for the cyclist, and less than 2% difference for the skier. These findings show the method’s potential for efficient use in sports aerodynamics studies.
Design and industrial implementation of a multi-functional part produced by powder bed fusion
Authors: Lopes A. C. , Sampaio A. M. , Fernandes F. , Vaz P. M. , Pontes A. J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe use of robot end-effectors programmed to perform handling tasks in industrial environments has expanded in several sectors as a consequence of the rapid digital transformation seen in recent years. With such growing demands, additive manufacturing is evolving in the robotics field with more efficient, innovative, and customer-specific solutions owing to its design flexibility. Thus, this work presents a robot end-effector developed and produced by powder bed fusion (PBF) to execute palletizing operations in the automotive electronics industry, where electrostatic discharge interference is a critical concern. To guarantee the functionality of the developed robot end-effector under real conditions of implementation, prototypes of polyamide 12 (PA12) and PA12 incorporating graphene nanoplatelets were fabricated and characterized. This included the assessment of the mass, electrical surface resistance, and mechanical properties under tensile and compressive loads using biaxial strain gauges coupled to the prototypes for local strain monitoring. The experimental data were then used to define multilinear isotropic hardening models needed to numerically characterize the robotic system. At last, the final product was validated in an industrial environment at Bosch Car Multimedia S.A. Through the applied methodology, valuable insights in guiding process parameters optimization and materials selection for functional PBF parts depending on the technical requirements demanded by industrials are provided.
Computational modelling of collagen-based flexible electronics: assessing the effect of hydration
Authors: Bose Shirsha , Mele Elisa , Silberschmidt Vadim V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCollagen substrates in flexible electronics emerged as an alternative to the commonly used stretchable synthetic polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfone, polydimethylsiloxane etc., thanks to their biocompatibility, flexibility and piezoelectric behaviour. Although researchers were successful in manufacturing these flexible-electronics component, still, the mismatch in the levels of stiffness between a softer polymeric substrate and a stiffer metallic layer (electrodes) might cause interfacial delamination. In use, collagen-based flexible electronics might be exposed to both dry and wet conditions. Experimental analysis showed a drastic change in the mechanical behaviour for these two conditions (the modulus changed by three orders of magnitude); hence, it is essential to investigate the behaviour of polymer-metal interface in both situations. In addition, the effect of geometry and orientation of metallic layers should also be considered; this could help to optimize the design of these electronic devices. In this study, 3D computational models were developed in Abaqus Simulia CAE with dimensions similar to those of elements in collagen-based flexible electronics—collagen (substrate) being the base layer while gold (conductive) and chromium (adhesive) were the top and middle layers, respectively. It was found that delamination in wet collagen was much less pronounced and slower as compared to dry collagen. The effects of geometry and orientation also showed significant differences in the pattern and an area of delamination.
Simulation of High-Enthalpy Turbulent Shock Wave/Boundary Layer Interaction Using a RANS Approach
Authors: Ninni Davide , Bonelli Francesco , Pascazio Giuseppe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the era of space exploration, the scientific community is strongly focusing on the analysis of hypersonic flows in the presence of shock wave/boundary layer interaction. In these conditions, the flow field presents a complex shock structure due to the interaction of different shock waves with the boundary layer. The strong adverse pressure gradient makes the boundary layer separate, giving rise to a separation bubble. In the reattachment zone, the temperature can reach very high values, inducing thermochemical non-equilibrium effects. This research field is recently achieving more and more relevance in aerospace research, as the analysis of turbulent shock wave/boundary layer interaction so far has been mainly focused on perfect gas flows. In this manuscript, a Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) approach is considered, the shear stress transport (SST) model being coupled with the multitemperature approach proposed by Park to investigate thermochemical non-equilibrium effects in hypersonic turbulent shock wave/boundary layer interaction. The first part of the manuscript is devoted to the validation of the solver, and results for low enthalpy flat plate and compression ramp flows are presented. The numerical results are shown to be in good agreement with numerical solutions and experimental measurements. Afterward, the free stream conditions are modulated to make non-equilibrium relevant and analyze a reacting flow.
The Effects of Multiple Exposure to Highly Emotional Social Media Content During the Early Stages of the 2022 War in Ukraine
Authors: Kušen Ema , Strembeck Mark 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze more than 16 million Twitter messages related to the 2022 war in Ukraine to examine the effects of multiple exposure to messages conveying intense anxiety or positivity on Twitter user behavior. We first analyzed a data-set covering a 3-month pre-war period to derive baseline anxiety and positivity levels. Subsequently, we compared the anxiety and positivity levels during the first 3 months after the war started in relation to the baseline. Our analysis indicates that the initial multi-exposure to intense anxiety is subsequently associated with a weaker expression of positivity as compared to users who initially have predominantly been exposed to positive messages. Moreover, anxiety-exposed users exhibit anxiety levels higher than their baseline in the post-exposure phase (i.e. during the second and third month of the war). In contrast, positivity-exposed users consistently show higher intensity of positivity and do not cross their baseline level of anxiety in the post-exposure phase. The low levels of positivity after an initial exposure to intense anxiety point to potentially disruptive mid-term effects of anxiety-conveying messages. Moreover, our results also point to the undoing effects that positive messages had in the early stages of the war.
Lustre and shadows: unveiling the gaps in South African University plagiarism policies amidst the emergence of AI-generated content
Authors: Tarisayi Kudzayi Savious 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a key technology in the field of academic integrity. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the legal dimensions of plagiarism in the context of AI. In this study, a theoretical framework that combines the social construction of technology and the legal dimension of plagiarism was used to explore the current construction of plagiarism in South African university plagiarism policies. This study aims to highlight the inadequacy of current plagiarism policies, which primarily focus on the act of copying from others and emphasize the need for a broader perspective that addresses the challenges posed by artificial intelligence in academic integrity in the era of AI-generated content. The author used confirming sampling and data saturation was reached with a sample of ten university plagiarism policies. The findings revealed an inadequacy of the policies on the coverage of AI-generated content and therefore justifying the need to redefine plagiarism in the context of the artificial intelligence revolution. The author concludes by redefining plagiarism and justifying the utility of the recommended definition.
Microscopic and macroscopic assessment of carbonate dissolution for geologic $${{\hbox {CO}}_{2}}$$ storage
Authors: Cobos Jacquelin E. , Folkvord Olav P. , Søgaard Erik G. , Brattekås Bergit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCarbon capture and storage in underground formations might be considered as a relevant technology to curb anthropogenic climate gas emissions. However, carbon dioxide ($${{\hbox {CO}}_{2}}$$

CO
2

) injection can lead to severe rock-fluid interactions depending on the thermodynamic conditions, rock and fluids composition. The progressive dissolution of $${{\hbox {CO}}_{2}}$$

CO
2

in the formation brine results in mineral dissolution/precipitation processes that may drastically change the properties of the reservoir. This study is an attempt to get a deeper understanding of the dissolution/precipitation processes in a heterogeneous limestone at microscopic and macroscopic levels by a synergy between Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and core flooding experiments with in-situ imaging to quantify uneven displacement fronts and understand the influence of reactions on a larger scale. Rock-fluid and fluid-fluid interactions, evaluated by ITC experiments, indicate that the carbonate dissolution is unfavorable with respect to enthalpy change but thermodynamically favorable with respect to entropy change (cations and hydrogen carbonate increase in the brine). Core flooding experiments with in-situ imaging by PET/CT show that complex pore structures cause a variation in the availability and ratio of the reactive fluid throughout the porous medium, hence, non-uniform dissolution was confirmed at core scale. The synergy between microcalorimetry and core flooding provides relevant insights into the dissolution of heterogeneous carbonate rocks at both microscopic and macroscopic scales.
From Safety Against Floods to Safety at Floods*: Theory of Urban Resilience to Flood Adaptation and Synergy with Mitigation
Authors: Srivastava Ashish Kumar , Sahay Avijit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe intensity and frequency of flood are continuously increasing due to climate change. Cities across the world are susceptible to flood causing devastating damages to infrastructure and human life. Almost every country has taking measures to mitigate climate change primarily. However, due to urgency posed by climate change driven flood risk requires more holistic approach focusing on both mitigation and adaptation measures and synergy between these measures. Theory of urban resilience to flood has proposed a paradigm shift in response to flood by cities. Ecological resilience such as living with flood, nature-based solution for flood adaptation, and coping with flood due to community learning and experiences are more effective measures than engineering resilience, such as dykes, flood wall, dam, etc. This paper analyses critically the relevance of this theory and importance of level of resilience of cities for protection at flood rather than flood resistance.
The technical approach of using mobile positioning data to support urban population size monitoring
Authors: Niu Xinyi , Lin Shijia , Qin Sixian , Yue Yufeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper summarizes the methods and approaches of using mobile positioning data to estimate and monitor urban population size. It starts with the necessity of using big data to monitor urban population size in territorial spatial planning. Then it elaborates on the difference between the definition of "population size" reflected by mobile positioning data and the common concept of urban population size, and the necessity of verifying the logic and measurement of sample expansion at four levels. Finally, taking Wuhan city as a case, this paper proposes the technical approach of monitoring the size of urban permanent population through multi-source data verification. The study finds that when it comes to monitoring urban population size, mobile positioning data have the advantage of monitoring short-period changes in population size and spatial distribution, yet special attention must be paid to the three technical links of definition, sample expansion and verification.
Deepening our capacity for teaching with Place
Authors: Sutton Bronwyn A. , Bellingham Robin , White Peta J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a learning journey about deepening capacity for teaching with Place through relational learning and shares three pedagogical ingredients that are integral in enacting more ethical, decolonial place pedagogies. We are three women, educators working in community and teacher education with interests in environmental education, decoloniality and indigeneity. We write from the position of people whose ancestry is not Indigenous to the places we were born, nor those where we live now. We bring diverse experiences, voices, bodies and memories of Place into productive conversations as we think and write together about how we are learning with Place, and our response-abilities for enacting regenerative place pedagogies. We situate our emergent and relational inquiry within our experiences and encounters with Place in solidarity with the call for the sharing of stories that “explore knowing and being as relational practices” (Bawaka Country et al.). Our paper is premised on the understanding that our ethical commitment to decoloniality involves learning to live and learn with and love the places we are now, and prioritising Indigenous philosophies, scholarship and ways of knowing Place throughout our education practices.