bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional determinants of lactose-free food awareness and purchase among adult consumers
Authors: Yılmaz Birsen , Ağagündüz Duygu , Kalyoncu Atasoy Z. Begum , Yeşilyurt Neslihan , Ergin Şule , Murat Naci 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis research was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and purchasing behaviour of consumers regarding lactose-free foods. Study data were collected from 1882 individuals with the help of a questionnaire form. Attitudes towards animal welfare, healthy nutrition and gastrointestinal symptoms were also evaluated. The majority (86.6%) of the participants reported that they had heard of the concept of lactose-free foods before, but more than half (67.0%) did not report buying them because of their higher costs compared to regular products and lack of sufficient information. Not causing gas/bloating (32.5%) and being healthier (28.3%) were shown to be the most significant motivational factors in purchasing lactose-free foods (P < 0.05). The factors affecting purchase of lactose-free products were education, employment status, history of having a food intolerance test and animal welfare perception together with higher scores from the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale, and attitude scale for healthy nutrition (P < 0.05). Body mass index was not found to be an effective factor determining purchase intention. The results provide a general overview of consumers, however, further studies on other demographic groups are needed.
Do structure predictions persevere to multilinguals’ other languages? Evidence from cross-linguistic structural priming in comprehension
Authors: Chen Xuemei , Wang Suiping , Hartsuiker Robert J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany cross-language sentence processing studies showed structural priming, which suggests a shared representation across languages or separate but interacting representations for each language. To investigate whether multilinguals can rely on such representations to predict structure in comprehension, we conducted two visual-world eye-tracking priming experiments with Cantonese–Mandarin-English multilinguals. Participants were instructed to read aloud prime sentences in either Cantonese, Mandarin, or English; then they heard a target sentence in Mandarin while looking at the corresponding target picture. When prime and target had different verbs, there was within-language structural priming only (Mandarin-to-Mandarin, Experiment 1). But when prime and target had translation-equivalent verbs, there was not only within-language but also between-language priming (only Cantonese-to-Mandarin, Experiment 2). These results indicate that structure prediction between languages in comprehension is partly lexically-based, so that cross-linguistic structural priming only occurs with cognate verbs.
Three little words? The impact of social security terminology on knowledge and claiming intentions
Authors: Perez-Arce Francisco , Rabinovich Lila , Yoong Joanne , Alattar Laith 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study the impact of changing the existing terminology to describe the rules governing Social Security retirement benefits. We provided respondents from a nationally representative online panel with information pertinent to the decision of when to claim Social Security retirement benefits. The content of the information treatments was identical for all respondents, but some were randomly given an alternative set of terms to refer to the key claiming ages (the experimental treatment group), while others were given the current terms (the control group). Despite the minimal nature of the change, there were significant differences in outcomes. Those in the treatment group spent less time reading the information, but their understanding of the Social Security program improved more than the control group. In addition, the treatment delayed retirement claiming intentions by an average of about two and a half months and increased the recommended claiming age to vignette characters by a similar magnitude. The effects were particularly strong for those with low levels of financial literacy. The relative gains in knowledge persisted several months after the treatment.
Dipolarization Fronts in Cold‐Dense and Hot‐Tenuous Plasma Sheet Conditions: A Comparative Study
Authors: Yu Y. , Fu H. S. , Wang Z. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present the first comparative observation of two dipolarization fronts (DFs) in cold‐dense plasma sheet (CDPS) and hot‐tenuous plasma sheet (HTPS) conditions. We find that: (a) the CDPS and HTPS are formed under distinct solar wind conditions. (b) The DF in HTPS has a higher Bz increase than the DF in CDPS; (c) DF in CDPS can transfer energy from magnetic ﬁeld to particles more efficiently than the DF in HTPS; (d) the >2 keV (<2 keV) electron phase space density of flux pileup region (FPR) in HTPS is higher (lower) than that of FPR in CDPS; (e) the electron cyclotron harmonic waves are excited at DF in HTPS instead of the DF in CDPS. (f) The responses in the ionospheric currents are weak for both DFs in CDPS and HTPS. These results reveal the differences in properties and physical processes between the DFs in CDPS and HTPS. Our findings can significantly improve the understanding of physical mechanisms underlying the formation and evolution processes of DFs.
Premature cardiovascular disease mortality with overweight and obesity as a risk factor: estimating excess mortality in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Adair Tim 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The United States has experienced high levels of excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic and also has high prevalence of overweight and obesity, which increases the risk of severe infection and death from the virus. This study uses multiple cause of death data to estimate excess premature cardiovascular disease mortality in the USA in 2020 for which overweight and obesity was a risk factor.

Methods
The contribution of overweight and obesity to premature (35–74 years) cardiovascular disease mortality was measured as cardiovascular disease reported on the death certificate with one or more of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, obesity, lipidemias or hypertensive heart disease (DKOLH-CVD). Excess mortality was calculated as the difference between actual and expected age-standardised death rates. Expected deaths were estimated using negative binomial regressions of monthly deaths during 2010–19.

Results
Excess DKOLH-CVD mortality in March-December 2020 was 29% (95% uncertainty interval 28–31%) for males and 30% (28–32%) for females, much higher than for all causes (males 19% (18–21%), females 16% (14–17%)). Excess mortality was higher where two or more DKOLH conditions (males 40% (37–43%), females 41% (37–44%)) or obesity (males 42% (38–45%), females 47% (43–51%)) were reported. One-half of excess DKOLH-CVD mortality was reported as due to COVID-19, lower than the four-fifths of excess all-cause deaths. For home deaths, just over 10% of excess mortality for each cause classification was reported as due to COVID-19.

Conclusions
Excess premature cardiovascular disease mortality in the USA for which overweight and obesity was a risk factor was considerably higher than for all causes, exacerbating adverse pre-pandemic trends. The contribution of COVID-19 to excess mortality appears significantly under-reported for home deaths.
Age, sex, and apolipoprotein E isoform alter contextual fear learning, neuronal activation, and baseline DNA damage in the hippocampus
Authors: Boutros Sydney Weber , Zimmerman Benjamin , Nagy Sydney C. , Unni Vivek K. , Raber Jacob 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAge, female sex, and apolipoprotein E4 (E4) are risk factors to develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There are three major human apoE isoforms: E2, E3, and E4. Compared to E3, E4 increases while E2 decreases AD risk. However, E2 is associated with increased risk and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In cognitively healthy adults, E4 carriers have greater brain activation during learning and memory tasks in the absence of behavioral differences. Human apoE targeted replacement (TR) mice display differences in fear extinction that parallel human data: E2 mice show impaired extinction, mirroring heightened PTSD symptoms in E2 combat veterans. Recently, an adaptive role of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in immediate early gene expression (IEG) has been described. Age and disease synergistically increase DNA damage and decrease DNA repair. As the mechanisms underlying the relative risks of apoE, sex, and their interactions in aging are unclear, we used young (3 months) and middle-aged (12 months) male and female TR mice to investigate the influence of these factors on DSBs and IEGs at baseline and following contextual fear conditioning. We assessed brain-wide changes in neural activation following fear conditioning using whole-brain cFos imaging in young female TR mice. E4 mice froze more during fear conditioning and had lower cFos immunoreactivity across regions important for somatosensation and contextual encoding compared to E2 mice. E4 mice also showed altered co-activation compared to E3 mice, corresponding to human MRI and cognitive data, and indicating that there are differences in brain activity and connectivity at young ages independent of fear learning. There were increased DSB markers in middle-aged animals and alterations to cFos levels dependent on sex and isoform, as well. The increase in hippocampal DSB markers in middle-aged animals and female E4 mice may play a role in the risk for developing AD.
Salp blooms drive strong increases in passive carbon export in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Décima Moira , Stukel Michael R. , Nodder Scott D. , Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Andrés , Selph Karen E. , dos Santos Adriana Lopes , Safi Karl , Kelly Thomas B. , Deans Fenella , Morales Sergio E. , Baltar Federico , Latasa Mikel , Gorbunov Maxim Y. , Pinkerton Matt 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Southern Ocean contributes substantially to the global biological carbon pump (BCP). Salps in the Southern Ocean, in particularSalpa thompsoni, are important grazers that produce large, fast-sinking fecal pellets. Here, we quantify the salp bloom impacts on microbial dynamics and the BCP, by contrasting locations differing in salp bloom presence/absence. Salp blooms coincide with phytoplankton dominated by diatoms or prymnesiophytes, depending on water mass characteristics. Their grazing is comparable to microzooplankton during their early bloom, resulting in a decrease of ~1/3 of primary production, and negative phytoplankton rates of change are associated with all salp locations. Particle export in salp waters is always higher, ranging 2- to 8- fold (average 5-fold), compared to non-salp locations, exporting up to 46% of primary production out of the euphotic zone. BCP efficiency increases from 5 to 28% in salp areas, which is among the highest recorded in the global ocean.
Tautomerism unveils a self-inhibition mechanism of crystallization
Authors: Tang Weiwei , Yang Taimin , Morales-Rivera Cristian A. , Geng Xi , Srirambhatla Vijay K. , Kang Xiang , Chauhan Vraj P. , Hong Sungil , Tu Qing , Florence Alastair J. , Mo Huaping , Calderon Hector A. , Kisielowski Christian , Hernandez Francisco C. Robles , Zou Xiaodong , Mpourmpakis Giannis , Rimer Jeffrey D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractModifiers are commonly used in natural, biological, and synthetic crystallization to tailor the growth of diverse materials. Here, we identify tautomers as a new class of modifiers where the dynamic interconversion between solute and its corresponding tautomer(s) produces native crystal growth inhibitors. The macroscopic and microscopic effects imposed by inhibitor-crystal interactions reveal dual mechanisms of inhibition where tautomer occlusion within crystals that leads to natural bending, tunes elastic modulus, and selectively alters the rate of crystal dissolution. Our study focuses on ammonium urate crystallization and shows that the keto-enol form of urate, which exists as a minor tautomer, is a potent inhibitor that nearly suppresses crystal growth at select solution alkalinity and supersaturation. The generalizability of this phenomenon is demonstrated for two additional tautomers with relevance to biological systems and pharmaceuticals. These findings offer potential routes in crystal engineering to strategically control the mechanical or physicochemical properties of tautomeric materials.
Universal expressiveness of variational quantum classifiers and quantum kernels for support vector machines
Authors: Jäger Jonas , Krems Roman V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMachine learning is considered to be one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. Therefore, the search for quantum advantage of the quantum analogues of machine learning models is a key research goal. Here, we show that variational quantum classifiers and support vector machines with quantum kernels can solve a classification problem based on the k-FORRELATION problem, which is known to be PROMISEBQP-complete. Because the PROMISEBQP complexity class includes all Bounded-Error Quantum Polynomial-Time (BQP) decision problems, our results imply that there exists a feature map and a quantum kernel that make variational quantum classifiers and quantum kernel support vector machines efficient solvers for any BQP problem. Hence, this work implies that their feature map and quantum kernel, respectively, can be designed to have a quantum advantage for any classification problem that cannot be classically solved in polynomial time but contrariwise by a quantum computer.
High-speed laser writing of structural colors for full-color inkless printing
Authors: Geng Jiao , Xu Liye , Yan Wei , Shi Liping , Qiu Min 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is a formidable challenge to simultaneously achieve wide-gamut, high-resolution, high-speed while low-cost manufacturability, long-term stability, and viewing-angle independence in structural colors for practical applications. The conventional nanofabrication techniques fail to match the requirement in low-cost, large-scale and flexible manufacturing. Processing by pulsed lasers can achieve high throughput while suffering from a narrow gamut of ~15% sRGB or angle-dependent colors. Here, we demonstrate an all-in-one solution for ultrafast laser-produced structural colors on ultrathin hybrid films that comprise an absorbent dielectric TiAlN layer coating on a metallic TiN layer. Under laser irradiation, the absorption behaviours of the TiAlN-TiN hybrid films are tailored by photothermal-induced oxidation on the topmost TiAlN. The oxidized films exhibit double-resonance absorption, which is due to the non-trivial phase shifts both at the oxide-TiAlN interface, and at the TiAlN-TiN interface. By varying the accumulated laser fluence to modulate the oxidation depth, angle-robust structural colors with unprecedented large-gamut of ~90% sRGB are obtained. The highest printing speed reaches 10 cm2/s and the highest resolution exceeds 10000 dpi. The durability of the laser-printed colors is confirmed by fastness examination, including salt spray, double-85, light bleaching, and adhesion tests. These features render our technique to be competitive for industrial applications.
Actin-driven chromosome clustering facilitates fast and complete chromosome capture in mammalian oocytes
Authors: Harasimov Katarina , Uraji Julia , Mönnich Eike Urs , Holubcová Zuzana , Elder Kay , Blayney Martyn , Schuh Melina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccurate chromosome segregation during meiosis is crucial for reproduction. Human and porcine oocytes transiently cluster their chromosomes before the onset of spindle assembly and subsequent chromosome segregation. The mechanism and function of chromosome clustering are unknown. Here we show that chromosome clustering is required to prevent chromosome losses in the long gap phase between nuclear envelope breakdown and the onset of spindle assembly, and to promote the rapid capture of all chromosomes by the acentrosomal spindle. The initial phase of chromosome clustering is driven by a dynamic network of Formin-2- and Spire-nucleated actin cables. The actin cables form in the disassembling nucleus and migrate towards the nuclear centre, moving the chromosomes centripetally by interacting with their arms and kinetochores as they migrate. A cage of stable microtubule loops drives the late stages of chromosome clustering. Together, our data establish a crucial role for chromosome clustering in accurate progression through meiosis.
Study on the spatialization of anthropogenic carbon emissions in China based on SVR-ZSSR
Authors: Liu Minghao , Qi Liai , Chen Haiyan , Luo Xiaolin , Zhu Xiaobo , Chen Chun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe spatialization of anthropogenic carbon emissions is of great significance for achieving the goal of "carbon peaking and neutrality" and promoting the development of carbon trading market. The SVR-ZSSR spatialization model is proposed to solve the problems of "insufficient local feature learning" and "scale dependence of driving factors" existing in the single model, and this model is applied to the study of the spatialization of carbon emissions in China in this paper. The results show that: (1) the simulation results of our proposed model show the distribution characteristics of "high in the East and low in the west"; On the micro-scale, the high carbon emission areas in the simulation results are all concentrated in the built-up land, while the carbon emission in the surrounding areas of the city is significantly lower than that in the center, which is similar to the spatial distribution trend of carbon emission in the existing database. (2) Compared with the results of SVR, the results of our proposed model increase the carbon emission ratio of built-up land in each province by 15.9% on average; Compared with the ODIAC database and SVR model, the carbon emission ratio of built-up land in Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, and other low-carbon emission areas has increased by about 25%.
Safe reinforcement learning under temporal logic with reward design and quantum action selection
Authors: Cai Mingyu , Xiao Shaoping , Li Junchao , Kan Zhen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes an advanced Reinforcement Learning (RL) method, incorporating reward-shaping, safety value functions, and a quantum action selection algorithm. The method is model-free and can synthesize a finite policy that maximizes the probability of satisfying a complex task. Although RL is a promising approach, it suffers from unsafe traps and sparse rewards and becomes impractical when applied to real-world problems. To improve safety during training, we introduce a concept of safety values, which results in a model-based adaptive scenario due to online updates of transition probabilities. On the other hand, a high-level complex task is usually formulated via formal languages, including Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). Another novelty of this work is using an Embedded Limit-Deterministic Generalized Büchi Automaton (E-LDGBA) to represent an LTL formula. The obtained deterministic policy can generalize the tasks over infinite and finite horizons. We design an automaton-based reward, and the theoretical analysis shows that an agent can accomplish task specifications with the maximum probability by following the optimal policy. Furthermore, a reward shaping process is developed to avoid sparse rewards and enforce the RL convergence while keeping the optimal policies invariant. In addition, inspired by quantum computing, we propose a quantum action selection algorithm to replace the existing$$\varepsilon$$ε-greedy algorithm for the balance of exploration and exploitation during learning. Simulations demonstrate how the proposed framework can achieve good performance by dramatically reducing the times to visit unsafe states while converging optimal policies.
Environmental factors driving the abundance of Philaenus spumarius in mesomediterranean habitats of Corsica (France)
Authors: Chartois Marguerite , Mesmin Xavier , Quiquerez Ileana , Borgomano Sabrina , Farigoule Pauline , Pierre Éric , Thuillier Jean-Marc , Streito Jean-Claude , Casabianca François , Hugot Laetitia , Rossi Jean-Pierre , Rasplus Jean-Yves , Cruaud Astrid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhilaenus spumarius (Ps) is considered the main insect vector of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) in Europe. As such, it is a key actor of the Xf pathosystem on which surveillance and management strategies could be implemented. Although research effort has increased in the past years, the ecological factors shaping Ps abundance and distribution across landscapes are still poorly known in most regions of Europe. We selected 64 plots of 500m2 in Corsican semi-natural habitats in which we sampled nymphs and adults of Ps during three years. While local or surrounding vegetation structure (low or high scrubland) had little effect on Ps abundance, we highlighted a positive relationship between Ps abundance and the density of Cistus monspeliensis in the plots. We also found larger populations of Ps in cooler and moister plots. The pattern of host association highlighted here is unique, which calls for more studies on the ecology of Ps in Europe, to help designing surveillance and management strategy for Xf.
Comparative efficacy of onsite, digital, and other settings for cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Simon Laura , Steinmetz Lisa , Feige Bernd , Benz Fee , Spiegelhalder Kai , Baumeister Harald 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGiven the limited availability and accessibility of onsite cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), other CBT-I settings, such as internet-delivered CBT-I (iCBT-I), have been proposed. The primary aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of available CBT-I settings on insomnia severity. A systematic review and frequentist network meta-analysis of available CBT-I settings was performed. PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, MEDLINE, PubMed, and CINAHL were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating any CBT-I settings in adults with insomnia disorder. The systematic literature search (3851 references) resulted in 52 RCTs. For the primary outcome insomnia severity, all examined CBT-I settings except smartphone-delivered CBT-I yielded significant effects when compared to WL. Large standardized mean differences were found for individual onsite CBT-I (− 1.27;95%CI − 1.70, − 0.84), group-delivered CBT-I (− 1.00;95%CI − 1.42. − 0.59), telehealth (− 1.28;95%CI − 2.06, − 0.50), and guided bibliotherapy (− 0.99;95%CI − 1.67, − 0.32). Both guided iCBT-I (− 0.71;95%CI − 1.18, − 0.24) and unguided iCBT-I (− 0.78;95%CI − 1.18, − 0.38) yielded medium effect sizes. The results underline that health care systems should intensify their efforts to provide synchronously-delivered CBT-I (individual onsite, group-delivered, and telehealth), and particularly individual onsite CBT-I, given its solid evidence base. Medium to large effect sizes for iCBT-I and guided bibliotherapy indicate that self-help settings may be a viable alternative when synchronously-delivered CBT-I is not available.