bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manipulating optical micrograph contrast for visualizing monolayer graphene encapsulated by hBN layers
Authors: Kim Tae-Gwang , Kim Do-Hoon , Son Seok-Kyun , Kang Jang-Won 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We studied the optical response and visibility of the inside graphene layer in hBN/graphene/hBN on SiO2/Si substrate, revealing why the graphene layer is invisible on the optical microscope image. The observed behavior of optical response for the hBN/graphene/hBN stack is systematically supported by the calculation and analysis, which investigated the reflectance and contrast spectra based on the matrix method. The substrate effect on the optical response allows us to maximize the contrast of the inside graphene to the hBN layer on the optical micrograph, suggesting a simple approach to make the graphene layer visible.
An observation of a photovoltaic effect in MoS2 nanoribbons fabricated with a top-down approach
Authors: Zhang Shaochun , Xue Mengsong , Zeng Fanyu , Kitaura Ryo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We observed a photovoltaic effect in MoS2 nanoribbons prepared by a top-down approach. Two-terminal MoS2 nanoribbons devices show a non-zero short-circuit photocurrent in response to light excitation; the photocurrent density reached ∼5 × 100 A cm−2 at a power of ∼104 W cm−2. Photocurrent mapping has revealed that the photocurrent predominantly emerges when we locate the laser spot on the nanoribbon region, far from electrode contacts, ensuring the photovoltaic effect arises from the MoS2 nanoribbon itself. We also found that light polarization of the photocurrent exhibited direction dependence with a period of 180°. This work has successfully shown that an emerging property can be seen by forming nanoribbons, providing a simple approach to obtaining materials exhibiting photovoltaic effects.
DEVELOPMENT OF FEDERAL LEGISLATION ON THE ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT
Authors: Ирошников Денис Владимирович , Хабирова Диана Руслановна 
Published: February 2023

В данной статье автор анализирует развитие федерального законодательства об экономических основах местного самоуправления Российской Федерации. В работе приводится заключение, что в настоящее время назрела острая потребность в регулировании межбюджетных отношений органов власти всех трех уровней.
In this article, the author analyzes the development of federal legislation on the economic foundations of local self-government of the Russian Federation. The paper concludes that there is now an urgent need to regulate the inter-budgetary relations of the authorities at all three levels.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES - ANTHOCYANINS IN SPORTS NUTRITION
Authors: Трушина Элеонора Николаевна 
Published: February 2023

В статье приводится краткий обзор литературы о применении антоцианинов в спортивном питании и механизмах их влияния на спортивную результативность. В работе использовали данные eLIBRARY.RU, электронных ресурсов платформы Global Health, научных публикаций ScienceDirect и Elsevier, библиографических баз статей MEDLINE и PubMed-NCBI.
The article provides a brief review of the literature on the use of anthocyanins in sports nutrition and mechanisms of their influence on sports performance. The data of eLIBRARY.RU, electronic resources of the Global Health platform, scientific publications of ScienceDirect and Elsevier, bibliographic databases of articles MEDLINE and PubMed-NCBI were used in the work.
ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE PORTS OF THE AZOV-BLACK SEA BASIN
Authors: Прокопенко Анастасия Александровна , Хмелева Галина Анатольевна 
Published: February 2023

В данной статье рассматривается динамика грузооборота морских российских портов азово-черноморского бассейна, тенденции их деятельности и перспективы развития морских портов России на Черном и Азовском морях.
This article examines the dynamics of cargo turnover of Russian seaports of the Azov-Black Sea basin, trends in their activities and prospects for the development of Russian seaports on the Black and Azov Seas.
South Africa Education Data and Visualisations
Authors: Combrink Herkulaas , Carr Elizabeth , wet Katinka de , Marivate Vukosi , Rosman Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

<p> </p>
<p>The tabular and visual dataset focuses on South African basic education and provides insights into the distribution of schools and basic population statistics across the country. This tabular and visual data are stratified across different quintiles for each provincial and district boundary. The quintile system is used by the South African government to classify schools based on their level of socio-economic disadvantage, with quintile 1 being the most disadvantaged and quintile 5 being the least disadvantaged. The data was joined by extracting information from the debarment of basic education with StatsSA population census data. Thereafter, all tabular data and geo located data were transformed to maps using GIS software and the Python integrated development environment. The dataset includes information on the number of schools and students in each quintile, as well as the population density in each area. The data is displayed through a combination of charts, maps and tables, allowing for easy analysis and interpretation of the information.</p>
Detailed Analysis of the TeV γ-Ray Sources 3HWC J1928+178, 3HWC J1930+188, and the New Source HAWC J1932+192
Authors: Albert A. , Alfaro R. , Alvarez C. , Arteaga-Velázquez J. C. , Rojas D. Avila , Solares H. A. Ayala , Babu R. , Belmont-Moreno E. , Brisbois C. , Caballero-Mora K. S. , Capistrán T. , Carramiñana A. , Casanova S. , Chaparro-Amaro O. , Cotti U. , Cotzomi J. , de León S. Coutiño , De la Fuente E. , de León C. , Hernandez R. Diaz , Díaz-Vélez J. C. , Dingus B. L. , DuVernois M. A. , Durocher M. , Engel K. , Espinoza C. , Fan K. L. , Alonso M. Fernández , Fraija N. , García-González J. A. , Garfias F. , Goksu H. , González M. M. , Goodman J. A. , Harding J. P. , Hernandez S. , Hinton J. , Hona B. , Huang D. , Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F. , Hüntemeyer P. , Iriarte A. , Jardin-Blicq A. , Joshi V. , Kaufmann S. , Kieda D. , Lee W. H. , Vargas H. León , Linnemann J. T. , Longinotti A. L. , Luis-Raya G. , López-Coto R. , Malone K. , Marandon V. , Martinez O. , Martínez-Castro J. , Matthews J. A. , Miranda-Romagnoli P. , Morales-Soto J. A. , Moreno E. , Mostafá M. , Nayerhoda A. , Nellen L. , Newbold M. , Nisa M. U. , Noriega-Papaqui R. , Olivera-Nieto L. , Omodei N. , Peisker A. , Araujo Y. Pérez , Pérez-Pérez E. G. , Rho C. D. , Rosa-González D. , Ruiz-Velasco E. , Salazar H. , Salazar-Gallegos D. , Greus F. Salesa , Sandoval A. , Schneider M. , Serna-Franco J. , Smith A. J. , Son Y. , Springer R. W. , Tibolla O. , Tollefson K. , Torres I. , Torres-Escobedo R. , Turner R. , Ureña-Mena F. , Villaseñor L. , Wang X. , Werner F. , Willox E. , Zhou H. ,   HAWC collaboration
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The latest High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) point-like source catalog up to 56 TeV reported the detection of two sources in the region of the Galactic plane at galactic longitude 52° < ℓ < 55°, 3HWC J1930+188 and 3HWC J1928+178. The first one is associated with a known TeV source, the supernova remnant SNR G054.1+00.3. It was discovered by one of the currently operating Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT), the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS), detected by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S), and identified as a composite SNR. However, the source 3HWC J1928+178, discovered by HAWC and coincident with the pulsar PSR J1928+1746, was not detected by any IACT despite their long exposure on the region, until a recent new analysis of H.E.S.S. data was able to confirm it. Moreover, no X-ray counterpart has been detected from this pulsar. We present a multicomponent fit of this region using the latest HAWC data. This reveals an additional new source, HAWC J1932+192, which is potentially associated with the pulsar PSR J1932+1916, whose γ-ray emission could come from the acceleration of particles in its pulsar wind nebula. In the case of 3HWC J1928+178, several possible explanations are explored, in an attempt to unveil the origins of the very-high-energy γ-ray emission.
Mid-IR Observations of IRAS, AKARI, WISE/NEOWISE, and Subaru for Large Icy Asteroid (704) Interamnia: A New Perspective of Regolith Properties and Water Ice Fraction
Authors: Haoxuan Jiang , Jianghui Ji , Liangliang Yu , Bin Yang , Shoucun Hu , Yuhui Zhao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
(704) Interamnia is one of the largest asteroids located in the outer main-belt region, which may contain a large amount of water ice underneath its surface. We observe this asteroid using 8.2 m Subaru telescope at mid-infrared wave bands and utilize a thermophysical model for realistic surface layers to analyze mid-infrared data from Subaru along with those of IRAS, AKARI, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)/NEOWISE. We optimize the method to convert the WISE magnitude to thermal infrared flux with temperature-dependent color corrections, which can provide significant references for main-belt asteroids at a large heliocentric distance with low surface temperature. We derive best-fitting thermal parameters of Interamnia—a mean regolith grain size of

190

−
180

+
460

μm, with a roughness of

0.30

−
0.17

+
0.35

and rms slope of

27

−
9

+
13

deg, thereby producing thermal inertia ranging from 9 to 92 Jm−2 s−1/2 K−1 due to seasonal temperature variation. The geometric albedo and effective diameter are evaluated to be

0.0472

−
0.0031

+
0.0033

and

339

−
11

+
12

km

, respectively, being indicative of a bulk density of 1.86 ± 0.63 g cm−3. The low thermal inertia is consistent with typical B/C-type asteroids with D ≥ 100 km. The tiny regolith grain size suggests the presence of a fine regolith on the surface of Interamnia. Moreover, the seasonal and diurnal temperature distribution indicates that thermal features between the southern and northern hemispheres appear to be very different. Finally, we present an estimation of volume fraction of water ice of 9%–66% from the published grain density and porosity of carbonaceous chondrites.
Early-forming Massive Stars Suppress Star Formation and Hierarchical Cluster Assembly
Authors: Lewis Sean C. , McMillan Stephen L. W. , Low Mordecai-Mark Mac , Cournoyer-Cloutier Claude , Polak Brooke , Wilhelm Martijn J. C. , Tran Aaron , Sills Alison , Zwart Simon Portegies , Klessen Ralf S. , Wall Joshua E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Feedback from massive stars plays an important role in the formation of star clusters. Whether a very massive star is born early or late in the cluster formation timeline has profound implications for the star cluster formation and assembly processes. We carry out a controlled experiment to characterize the effects of early-forming massive stars on star cluster formation. We use the star formation software suite Torch, combining self-gravitating magnetohydrodynamics, ray-tracing radiative transfer, N-body dynamics, and stellar feedback, to model four initially identical 104
M
⊙ giant molecular clouds with a Gaussian density profile peaking at 521.5 cm−3. Using the Torch software suite through the AMUSE framework, we modify three of the models, to ensure that the first star that forms is very massive (50, 70, and 100 M
⊙). Early-forming massive stars disrupt the natal gas structure, resulting in fast evacuation of the gas from the star-forming region. The star formation rate is suppressed, reducing the total mass of the stars formed. Our fiducial control model, without an early massive star, has a larger star formation rate and total efficiency by up to a factor of 3, and a higher average star formation efficiency per freefall time by up to a factor of 7. Early-forming massive stars promote the buildup of spatially separate and gravitationally unbound subclusters, while the control model forms a single massive cluster.
A Simulation Study of Ultra-relativistic Jets. III. Particle Acceleration in FR-II Jets
Authors: Seo Jeongbhin , Ryu Dongsu , Kang Hyesung 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study the acceleration of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in Class II Fanaroff–Riley (FR-II) radio galaxies by performing Monte Carlo simulations for the transport, scattering, and energy change of CR particles injected into time-evolving jet flows that are realized through relativistic hydrodynamic simulations. Toward that end, we adopt physically motivated models for the magnetic field and particle scattering. By identifying the primary acceleration process among diffusive shock acceleration (DSA), turbulent shear acceleration (TSA), and relativistic shear acceleration (RSA), we find that CRs of E ≲ 1 EeV gain energy mainly through DSA in the jet‐spine flow and backflow containing many shocks and turbulence. After they attain E ≳ a few exaelectronvolts, CRs are energized mostly via RSA at the jet–backflow interface, reaching energies well above 1020 eV. TSA makes a relatively minor contribution. The time-asymptotic energy spectrum of escaping particles is primarily governed by the jet power, shifting to higher energies at more powerful jets. The UHECR spectrum fits well to a double power-law form, whose break energy, E
break, corresponds to the size-limited maximum energy. It is close to

d


/

dE
∝

E

−
0.5

below E
break, while it follows

d


/

dE
∝

E

−
2.6

above E
break, decreasing more gradually than the exponential. The power-law slope of the high-energy end is determined by energy boosts via non-gradual shear acceleration across the jet–backflow interface and confinement by an elongated cocoon. We conclude that giant radio galaxies could be major contributors to the observed UHECRs.
Relating Energetic Ion Spectra to Energetic Neutral Atoms
Authors: Wang Bingbing , Zank Gary P. , Shrestha Bishwas L. , Kornbleuth Marc , Opher Merav 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Heliospheric energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) originate from energetic ions that are neutralized by charge exchange with neutral atoms in the heliosheath and very local interstellar medium (VLISM). Since neutral atoms are unaffected by electromagnetic fields, they propagate ballistically with the same speeds as parent particles. Consequently, measurements of ENA distributions allow one to remotely image the energetic ion distributions in the heliosheath and VLISM. The origin of the energetic ions that spawn ENAs is still debated, particularly at energies higher than ∼keV. In this work, we summarize five possible sources of energetic ions in the heliosheath that cover the ENA energy from a few keV to hundreds of keV. Three sources of the energetic ions are related to pickup ions (PUIs): those PUIs transmitted across the heliospheric termination shock (HTS), those reflected once or multiple times at the HTS, i.e., reflected PUIs, and those PUIs multiply reflected and further accelerated by the HTS. Two other kinds of ions that can be considered are ions transmitted from the suprathermal tail of the PUI distribution and other particles accelerated at the HTS. By way of illustration, we use these energetic particle distributions, taking account of their evolution in the heliosheath, to calculate the ENA intensities and to analyze the characteristics of ENA spectra observed at 1 au.
The Effect of Flow and Magnetic Twist on Resonant Absorption of Slow MHD Waves in Magnetic Flux Tubes
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad , Bahari Karam , Karami Kayoomars 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Observations show that there are twisted magnetic flux tubes and plasma flow throughout the solar atmosphere. The main purpose of this work is to obtain the damping rate of sausage modes in the presence of magnetic twist and plasma flow. We obtain the dispersion relation for sausage modes in slow continuity in an inhomogeneous layer under the conditions of magnetic pores, then we solve it numerically. For the selected density profile, the magnetic field, and the plasma flow as a function of radius across the inhomogeneous layer, we show that the effect of the twisted magnetic field on the resonance absorption at low speed of the plasma flow is greater than one at high speed.
SN 2020uem: a Possible Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Medium (II). The Properties of the CSM from Polarimetry and Light-curve Modeling
Authors: Uno Kohki , Nagao Takashi , Maeda Keiichi , Kuncarayakti Hanindyo , Tanaka Masaomi , Kawabata Koji S. , Nakaoka Tatsuya , Kawabata Miho , Yamanaka Masayuki , Aoki Kentaro , Isogai Keisuke , Ogawa Mao , Tajitsu Akito , Imazawa Ryo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Type IIn/Ia-CSM supernovae (SNe IIn/Ia-CSM) are classified by their characteristic spectra, which exhibit narrow hydrogen emission lines originating from strong interaction with a circumstellar medium (CSM) together with broad lines of intermediate-mass elements. We performed intensive follow-up observations of SN IIn/Ia-CSM 2020uem, including photometry, spectroscopy, and polarimetry. In this paper, we focus on the results of polarimetry. We performed imaging polarimetry at 66 days and spectropolarimetry at 103 days after discovery. SN 2020uem shows a high continuum polarization of 1.0%–1.5% without wavelength dependence. Besides, the polarization degree and position angle keep roughly constant. These results suggest that SN 2020uem is powered by strong interaction with a confined and aspherical CSM. We performed simple polarization modeling, based on which we suggest that SN 2020uem has an equatorial-disk/torus CSM. Besides, we performed semi-analytic light-curve modeling and estimated the CSM mass. We revealed that the mass-loss rate in the final few hundred years immediately before the explosion of SN 2020uem is in the range of 0.01–0.05 M
⊙ yr−1, and that the total CSM mass is 0.5–4 M
⊙. The CSM mass can be accommodated by not only a red supergiant (RSG), but also by a red giant (RG) or an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star. As a possible progenitor scenario of SN 2020uem, we propose a white dwarf binary system including an RG, RSG, or AGB star, especially a merger scenario via common envelope evolution, i.e., the core-degenerate scenario or a variant.
A New Stellar Mass Proxy for Subhalo Abundance Matching
Authors: Chuang Chen-Yu , Lin Yen-Ting 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) has played an important role in improving our understanding of how galaxies populate their host dark matter halos. In essence, the SHAM framework is to find a dark matter halo property that best correlates with an attribute of galaxies, such as stellar mass. The peak value of the maximum circular velocity (

V

max

) a halo/subhalo has ever attained throughout its lifetime, V
peak, has been a popular choice for SHAM. A recent study by Tonnesen & Ostriker suggested that quantity ϕ, which combines the present-day

V

max

and the peak value of halo dark matter mass, performs better in predicting stellar mass than V
peak. Inspired by their approach, in this work, we find that further improvement can be achieved by a quantity ψ
5 that combines the 90th percentile of

V

max

a halo/subhalo has ever achieved with the 60th percentile of the dark matter halo time variation rate. Tests based on the simulation TNG300 of the IllustrisTNG project show that our new SHAM scheme, with just three free parameters, can improve the stellar mass prediction and mass-dependent clustering by 15% and 18% from ϕ, respectively, over the redshift range z = 0–2.
Plant diversity in traditional agroecosystems of North Morocco
Authors: Chakkour Soufian , Bergmeier Erwin , Meyer Stefan , Kassout Jalal , Kadiri Mohamed , Ater Mohammed 
Published: February 2023

Questions: While globalisation favours intensive yield-maximizing agriculture with cropping practices that entail agrobiodiversity loss, extensive production systems still exist in areas of marginal lands such as in mountainous regions or islands. It is overdue to study such systems, their sustainability and ecology as potential models for decentralized environmentally balanced land-use. For that purpose, we investigated the composition of the wild arable (segetal) flora in traditional thermo- to mesomediterranean cereal-growing agroecosystems of northwestern Morocco. Study area: The Tingitane (Tangier) Peninsula in the Northwest of Morocco. Methods: A sample of 94 relevés was collected in six areas in the foreland of the Rif Mountains. Results: We found 209 species in 150 genera and 41 families, a mean of 22 species per relevé and a Shannon index of 3.04±0.06. A TWINSPAN classification revealed a high level of similarity between the areas, with the plant communities corresponding to the order Brometalia rubenti-tectorum, but also differences in species composition as a result of climatic, soil and land-use effects. Therophytes dominated, but biennial and perennial herbs indicating shallow tillage and fields under fallow were also common. Almost half of the species found were agrestal species (confined to arable fields), and almost a third were apophytes (native species occurring in fields but also in natural habitats). Twenty-nine species (14%) of the segetal flora were regional endemics and six are considered nationally rare. Although there is evidence of recent structural and floristic diversity decline, traditional agroecosystems tend to favour native species including some of particular conservation interest. Conclusions: The traditional agroecosystems of the Rif Mountains fulfil criteria of High Nature Value agriculture but, in view of recent socio-economic change, require support by policy for their maintenance.
Taxonomic reference: Euro+Med PlantBase (http://www.europlusmed.org) [accessed 26 Nov 2022].
Syntaxonomic reference: EuroVegChecklist (Mucina et al. 2016).
Abbreviations: TWINSPAN = Two Way Indicator Species Analysis.
Une traversée à deux : le couple face au cancer
Authors: Proia-Lelouey Nadine , Letrecher Sandrine 
Published: February 2023

Dans la suite d’écrits antérieurs, nous poursuivons nos investigations cliniques sur le vécu des couples confrontés au cancer décliné dans ses différents temps : de l’annonce du diagnostic à la rémission ou au palliatif. Incitées par l’argumentaire, nous avons choisi de le faire par le biais d’une œuvre de fiction. En l’occurrence, une autofiction, ce qui a nous permis d’enrichir un autre axe de nos réflexions, celui de la fonction (thérapeutique ?) de l’écriture dans la maladie.
Immigrés et réfugiés : déplacements subjectifs et territoriaux à l’interface entre désir et politique
Authors: Debieux Rosa Miriam 
Published: February 2023

La question de l’immigration et du refuge, sous ses aspects culturels, subjectifs et politiques, s’est imposée comme thématique prioritaire dans de nombreux domaines d’études et s’affirme même dans l’agenda politique électoral de nombreux pays, y compris au Brésil. L’arrivée d’immigrés en grand nombre a généré des tensions sociales et politiques, notamment en raison de l’intensification de la ségrégation et de l’incitation à la fermeture des frontières. L’importance de l’immigration dans la construction sociale, comme rencontre avec l’altérité à travers d’autres cultures et d’autres langues, est négligée dans ce processus. Cet article met en lumière trois aspects de notre recherche sur les immigrés et les réfugiés dans la ville de São Paulo (Brésil) : d’une part l’incitation politique à la haine envers la figure de l’immigré, et la façon dont cette haine impacte le sujet et renforce sa souffrance sociopolitique et sa détresse ( Hilflosigkeit ) discursive. D’autre part, les interfaces entre les déplacements territoriaux et psychiques qui, dans le jeu métaphorique et métonymique, situent le lieu du symptôme et du désir. Ces processus, articulés au lieu politique, définissent des modalités de territorialisation ou des assimilations aliénées. Enfin, ces processus révèlent la contribution de l’immigré aux défis contemporains, dont la nécessaire construction d’une coexistence avec l’altérité et la différence.