bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐effectiveness of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy in preventing surgical site infection among obese women giving birth by caesarean section: An economic evaluation (DRESSING trial)
Authors: Whitty Jennifer A. , Wagner Adam P. , Kang Evelyn , Ellwood David , Chaboyer Wendy , Kumar Sailesh , Clifton Vicki L. , Thalib Lukman , Gillespie Brigid M. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThere is growing evidence regarding the potential of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy (ci‐NPWT) to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) in healing wounds by primary closure following a caesarean section (CS).AimTo assess the cost‐effectiveness of ci‐NPWT compared to standard dressings for prevention of SSI in obese women giving birth by CS.Materials and MethodsCost‐effectiveness and cost‐utility analyses from a health service perspective were undertaken alongside a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial, which recruited women with a pre‐pregnancy body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 giving birth by elective/semi‐urgent CS who received ci‐NPWT (n = 1017) or standard dressings (n = 1018). Resource use and health‐related quality of life (SF‐12v2) collected during admission and for four weeks post‐discharge were used to derive costs and quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs).Resultsci‐NPWT was associated with AUD$162 (95%CI −$170 to $494) higher cost per person and an additional $12 849 (95%CI −$62 138 to $133 378) per SSI avoided. There was no detectable difference in QALYs between groups; however, there are high levels of uncertainty around both cost and QALY estimates. There is a 20% likelihood that ci‐NPWT would be considered cost‐effective at a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of $50 000 per QALY. Per protocol and complete case analyses gave similar results, suggesting that findings are robust to protocol deviators and adjustments for missing data.Conclusionsci‐NPWT for the prevention of SSI in obese women undergoing CS is unlikely to be cost‐effective in terms of health service resources and is currently unjustified for routine use for this purpose.
Down with falls! Paramedicine scope regarding falls amongst older adults in rural and remote communities: A scoping review
Authors: Peters Aidan , Lim David , Naidoo Navindhra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionAustralian rural and remote areas are faced with the double burden of an ageing population paired with inequitable access to health resources due to the paradigm of major city centred health care. This complicates fall management within this space. Paramedics are a registered health profession, which provides mobile, equitable health care. However, this resource is not being effectively utilised in rural and remote areas where primary care access barriers may cause patient needs to go unmet.ObjectiveTo describe the existing literature and describe the international scope of current paramedicine practice in the out‐of‐hospital management of falls amongst older adults in rural and remote settings.DesignJoanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology was employed. CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), SCOPUS (Elsevier), Google Scholar and These Global were searched and Australian, New Zealand and the UK ambulance service guidelines were sought.FindingsTwo records met inclusion criteria. Currently, rural and remote paramedic fall management involves preventative health promotion through patient education, population‐based screening and referrals.DiscussionThe use of paramedics to screen at‐risk populations and refer is vital, as many rural adults had screened positive to fall risks and other unmet needs. There is poor recollection of physically printed education material and low acceptance of further in‐home assessments following paramedic departure.ConclusionThis scoping review has highlighted a significant knowledge gap on this topic. Further research is needed to effectively utilise paramedicine within areas where access to primary care is not possible to achieve downstream, risk reducing care in the home.
Association between left ventricular lead position and intrinsic QRS morphology with regard to clinical outcome in cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure
Authors: Brandtvig Tove Olsson , Marinko Sofia , Farouq Maiwand , Brandt Johan , Mörtsell David , Wang Lingwei , Chaudhry Uzma , Saba Samir , Borgquist Rasmus 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular (LV) lead position may be an important factor for delivering effective cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). We therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of LV lead position, stratified by native QRS morphology, regarding the clinical outcome.MethodsA total of 1295 CRT‐implanted patients were retrospectively evaluated. LV lead position was classified as lateral, anterior, inferior, or apical, and was determined using the left and right anterior oblique X‐ray views. Kaplan Meier and Cox regression were performed to evaluate the effects on all‐cause mortality and heart failure hospitalization, and the potential interaction between LV lead position and native ECG morphologies.ResultsA total of 1295 patients were included. Patients were aged 69 ± 7 years, 20% were female, 46% received a CRT‐Pacemaker (vs. CRT‐Defibrillator), mean LVEF was 25% ± 7%, and median follow‐up was 3.3 years [IQR 1.6–5–7 years]. Eight hundred and eighty‐two patients (68%) had a lateral LV lead location, 207 (16%) anterior, 155 (12%) apical, and 51 (4%) inferior. Patients with lateral LV lead position had larger QRS reduction (−13 ± 27 ms vs. −3 ± 24 ms, p < .001). Non‐lateral lead location was associated with a higher risk for all‐cause mortality (HR 1.34 [1.09–1.67], p = .007) and heart failure hospitalization (HR 1.25 [1.03–1.52], p = .03). This association was strongest for patients with native left or right bundle branch block, and not significant for patients with prior paced QRS or nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay.ConclusionsIn patients treated with CRT, non‐lateral LV lead positions (including apical, anterior, and inferior positions) were associated with worse clinical outcome and less reduction of QRS duration. This association was strongest for patients with native LBBB or RBBB.
Assessment of intraretinal hyperreflective foci using multimodal imaging in eyes with age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: Oncel Deniz , Corradetti Giulia , He Ye , Ashrafkhorasani Maryam , Nittala Muneeswar Gupta , Stambolian Dwight , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Haines Jonathan L. , Sadda Srinivas R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to investigate the correspondence between intraretinal hyperreflective foci (IHRF) identified on optical coherence tomography (OCT) B‐scans with hyperpigmentation on colour fundus photography (CFP) or hyperreflectivity on infrared reflectance (IR) images in eyes with age‐related macular degeneration (AMD).MethodsFlash CFP, IR images and OCT B‐scans obtained at the same visit were evaluated. Individual IHRF identified on OCT B‐scans were assessed for the qualitative presence or absence of a hypotransmission tail into the choroid. The corresponding IR image obtained at the time of OCT acquisition was analysed for the presence or absence of hyperreflectivity in this region. The IR images were manually registered to the CFP image, and CFP images were inspected for the presence or absence of hyperpigmentation at the location of IHRF.ResultsFrom 122 eyes, a total of 494 IHRF were evaluated. For the primary analysis of qualitative presence or absence of hyperpigmentation on CFP and hyperreflectivity on IR at the locations corresponding to IHRF on OCT, 301 (61.0%) of the IHRFs demonstrated evidence of hyperpigmentation on CFP, while only 115 (23.3%) showed evidence of hyperreflectivity on IR. The qualitative determination of the presence or absence of an abnormality on CFP or IR were significantly different (p < 0.0001). 327 (66.2%) of the IHRF showed hypotransmission, and 80.4% of these IHRF showed hyperpigmentation on CFP, though only 23.9% (p < 0.0001) demonstrated hyperreflectivity on IR.ConclusionsLess than two‐thirds of IHRF evident on OCT manifest as hyperpigmentation on colour photos, though IHRF with posterior shadowing are more likely to be evident as pigment. IR imaging appears to be even more poorly sensitive for visualizing IHRF.
Sustainable finance: The role of savings and credit cooperatives in Ecuador
Authors: Segovia‐Vargas María Jesús , Miranda‐García I. Marta , Oquendo‐Torres Freddy Alejandro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe current world situation leads us to consider that sustainable development needs to be a global priority to ensure the future of the planet and improve the quality of life. There is a need for sustainable finance to support this. Savings and credit cooperatives could help to achieve this impact as they serve the microfinance and microlending market. They facilitate the financial inclusion of the most vulnerable people, most of whom live in rural areas and are members of organizations, such as agricultural cooperatives and associations. Previous studies have focused exclusively on overall profitability, so this paper contributes to extending the literature by analyzing the whole population of savings and credit cooperatives in Ecuador (510 institutions), focusing on their profitability in two ways: the overall profitability necessary for the viability of the business and, in addition, the microcredit portfolio profitability, as a specific measure of its contribution to sustainability and social value creation. Another novelty is that the analysis has been carried out using several machine learning techniques for the wider generalization of the results. These show that size is the most relevant variable for predicting the ROE and that the microcredit portfolio profitability is conditioned by the credit variables.
Do different exosome biogenesis pathways and selective cargo enrichment contribute to exosomal heterogeneity?
Authors: Shukla Shatakshi , Currim Fatema , Singh Rajesh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExosomes are emerging intercellular communicators essential for cellular homeostasis during development and differentiation. The dysregulation in exosome‐mediated communication alters cellular networking leads to developmental defects and chronic diseases. Exosomes are heterogeneous in nature depending on differences in size, membrane protein abundance, and differential cargo load. In this review, we have highlighted the latest developments in exosome biogenesis pathways, heterogeneity, and selective enrichment of various exosomal cargoes including proteins, nucleic acids, and mitochondrial DNA. Furthermore, the recent developments in the isolation techniques of exosome subpopulations have also been discussed. The comprehensive knowledge of extracellular vesicle (EV) heterogeneity and selective cargo enrichment during specific pathology may provide a clue for disease severity and early prognosis possibilities. The release of specific exosome subtypes is associated with the progression of specific disease type and hence a probable tool for therapeutics and biomarker development.
SESN1 is a FOXO3 effector that counteracts human skeletal muscle ageing
Authors: Jing Ying , Zuo Yuesheng , Sun Liang , Yu Zheng‐Rong , Ma Shuai , Hu Huifang , Zhao Qian , Huang Daoyuan , Zhang Weiqi , Belmonte Juan Carlos Izpisua , Yu Yang , Qu Jing , Liu Guang‐Hui , Wang Si 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSarcopenia, a skeletal muscle disorder in which loss of muscle mass and function progresses with age, is associated with increased overall frailty, risk of falling and mortality in the elders. Here, we reveal that SESN1 safeguards skeletal muscle from ageing downstream of the longevity gene FOXO3, which we recently reported is a geroprotector in primate skeletal muscle. Knockdown of SESN1 mimicked the human myotube ageing phenotypes observed in the FOXO3‐deficient human myotubes, whereas genetic activation of SESN1 alleviated human myotube senescence. Of note, SESN1 was identified as a protective secretory factor against muscle atrophy. Administration of recombinant SESN1 protein attenuated senescence of human myotubes in vitro and facilitated muscle regeneration in vivo. Altogether, we unveil a key role of SESN1 downstream of FOXO3 in protecting skeletal muscle from ageing, providing diagnostic biomarkers and intervention strategies for counteracting skeletal muscle ageing and related diseases.
Using behavioral studies to adapt management decisions and reduce negative interactions between humans and baboons in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Fehlmann Gaelle , O'Riain M. Justin , Kerr‐Smith Catherine , Hailes Stephen , Holton Mark , Hopkins Phil , King Andrew J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the behavioral ecology of wildlife that experiences negative interactions with humans and the outcome of any wildlife management intervention is essential. In the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) search for anthropogenic food sources in both urban and agricultural areas. In response, the city of Cape Town and private farmers employ “rangers” to keep baboons within the Table Mountain National Park. In this study, we investigated the success of rangers' intervention in keeping baboons in their natural habitat. Based on our findings in year one, we recommended adjustments to the rangers' management strategy in year two. We recommended improved consensus of actions toward baboons (that is, when/where to herd them), and the construction of a baboon‐proof fence around one of the farms that provided a corridor to urban areas. During the 2 months following recommendations, these interventions combined resulted in a significant reduction in the time baboons spent in both urban and agricultural land. Our case study illustrates the importance of integrating research findings into ongoing management actions to improve both human livelihoods and baboon conservation through an adaptive management framework. We expect similar approaches to be beneficial in a wide range of species and contexts.
Does Thinking and Working Politically improve support for social business? Evidence from a water business in Cambodia
Authors: Lyne Isaac 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMotivationSocial business is business that aims primarily to achieve social ends, while at least covering its costs. Social business has been put forward as a means to achieve development aims, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Thinking and Working Politically (TWP) is an approach to ensure development interventions are politically feasible and not stymied by political opposition. Are the two approaches compatible?PurposeThe article asks whether social business can ally with TWP for more effective development, taking a social business for water provision in Cambodia as a case in point.Methods and approachA review of development policy literature on social business and TWP is combined with data we collected from fieldwork in Cambodia from November 2018 to February 2019. We interviewed key informants from social business, UNICEF, and government in the capital. At two water kiosks in eastern Cambodia, one successful the other less so, we interviewed 2 kiosk operators, 20 customers, and local leaders; we held four focus groups of customers; and we observed operations at the kiosks. Data was analysed using an ethnographic, or immersive, qualitative approach.FindingsIn this case, UNICEF intuitively used TWP to connect a social business to government departments. Water kiosks depended heavily on local political dynamics. We found Commune officials mindful of their standing in local society who often had the interests of the local community in their hearts, but the compatibility of TWP and social business at the local project level is variable.Policy implicationsTWP can potentially help development actors supporting social business to make political connections, in this case to appropriate government departments and local official. The key, however, is to understand context. The danger is to view social business as a turnkey intervention that can be used without adaptation to context, without consideration of local politics. Donors supporting social business need to appraise each business, case by case.Donors might also want to consider the motivations of international companies partnering with social business, particularly when different development objectives might be in conflict.
Survival outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma in France: A retrospective cohort study using the Système National des Données de Santé national healthcare database
Authors: Leleu Xavier , Gorsh Boris , Bessou Antoine , Paka Prani , De Nascimento Julie , Colin Xavier , Landi Suzanne , Wang Peter Feng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate the overall survival (OS) of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) at different treatment stages in France.MethodsThis retrospective observational cohort study used data from the French National Health Insurance database to study patients with MM (diagnosis 2013–2019). Patient outcomes included OS (all‐cause mortality), time‐to‐next treatment (TTNT), and duration of therapy (DoT) from initial diagnosis, the start of different lines of therapy (LOTs), triple‐class exposure (TCE), and subsequent treatment following TCE. The Kaplan–Meier method analyzed “time‐to‐event” data.ResultsFrom diagnosis, death rates increased from 1% at 1 month to 24% at 2 years; median OS was 63.8 months (N = 14 309). Median OS from the start of LOTs declined from 61.0 months (LOT1) to 14.8 months (LOT4). Median OS from TCE start was 14.7 months. There was a large variation in TTNT within LOTs (e.g., LOT1: bortezomib + lenalidomide: TTNT = 26.4 months, OS = 61.7 months; lenalidomide: TTNT = 20.0 months, OS = 39.6 months); DoT was similar for LOT1 and LOT2, then progressively declined at LOT4. Patients with stem cell transplant, younger age, and less comorbidity had better survival outcomes.ConclusionsPatients with MM face a poor prognosis after relapse to multiple LOTs and TCE, demonstrating a worsening of survival outcomes. Access to novel therapies may improve outcomes.
A netnography of emergent ESOL researcher identity and development in a virtual community of practice
Authors: Chen Julian , Greenier Vincent , Janes Sasha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor emerging researchers, communities of practice (CoPs) can be a much‐needed source of knowledge and support, particularly during a global pandemic. Within this context, a virtual CoP (VCoP) project was initiated for novice researchers in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL)/Applied Linguistics worldwide to exchange perspectives and academic knowledge. Guided by netnography, our study explores the social, cultural, and professional practices of VCoP through multiple digital sources, such as webinar recordings, Facebook group posts, reflective journal entries, and one‐on‐one interview. The triangulated data aims to examine the effects of virtual mentorship on the agency, engagement, and identity construction of an emerging researcher. Findings illustrate that a VCoP facilitates international networking, fosters the repositioning of ESOL researcher identity, and promotes agency through virtual mentoring. Specifically, netnography opens a viable avenue for remote data mining in Applied Linguistics research.
Does it pay to treat employees well?: The case of informal finance
Authors: Tran Vuong Thao , Vu Van Hoang , Le Anh , Bach Phan Dinh Hoang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe examine the role of employee treatment in firms’ access to informal finance in the form of trade credit. We find that better employee treatment improves the amount of informal finance a firm can obtain. This effect is stronger in environments with (1) more intensive product market competition, (2) highly customized inputs, (3) lower social capital and (4) high demand for skilled labor. Furthermore, the role of employee treatment varies according to a firm's financial health and liquidity. Employee treatment becomes less important for firms having a low level of liquidity but is more pronounced for firms experiencing financial distress.
Learning to use electronic outlining via observational learning: Effects on students' argumentative writing performance
Authors: de Smet Milou J. R. , Brand‐Gruwel Saskia , Kirschner Paul A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWriting is an important and complex skill, which could be enhanced by teaching students effective writing strategies such as outlining. Electronic outlining ‐ integrated feature in Microsoft® Word – has been shown to enhance students' writing performance. However, little is known about the optimal didactic approach for electronic outlining.ObjectiveThis study examined the effects of learning to use electronic outlining either via observational learning or via learning‐by‐doing on students' argumentative writing performance.MethodsStudents (N = 129, 10th‐grade) were assigned with their complete class to one of three conditions: a control (traditional pen and paper outlines via learning‐by‐doing), outline (electronic outlines via learning‐by‐doing) or observation (electronic outlines via observational learning) condition. Students followed an argumentative writing lesson‐series that differed across conditions in terms of planning strategies and didactic approaches used. To examine the influence of the different conditions on students' writing, argumentative texts were used as pre‐ and post‐tests, and the quality was evaluated with an analytic assessment protocol. In addition, data regarding students' perceived mental effort and the organisation of the writing process were collected. Finally, students' attitudes towards electronic outlining were assessed.Results and ConclusionAlthough the overall text structure had improved after the lesson series, no significant differences were found between conditions. Electronic outlining increased the total amount of time dedicated to the texts as well as the revision ratio. Students in the observation condition showed a higher pause ratio and a lower fluency on the post‐test as compared to students who learned by doing (both control and outline conditions). With regard to perceived mental effort, students in the outline and control conditions perceived significant decreases over tasks, as opposed to those in the observation condition. In conclusion, the self‐reports indicate that students in the outline condition appropriated electronic outlining significantly better than those in the observation condition, suggesting that practice enhanced students' appropriation of electronic outlining.
Awakening the Europhile Giant: EU Issue Voting in Western and Central‐Eastern Europe
Authors: Carrieri Luca 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany works have analysed EU issue voting, showing that European integration affects electoral preferences. This article posits that EU issues have increasingly influenced party preferences, boosting their effects and, in particular, on Europhile parties. Several punctuation points – authority transfer towards the EU, party politicisation efforts and a multiple set of crises – have occurred, with EU issues cumulating effects on voting preferences. Europhile parties may have strategically responded on this issue dimension, seizing on more favourable public orientations and, thus, prompting an electoral mobilisation of their constituents. By exploring the EU issue voting patterns in 25 Western and Central‐Eastern European countries between 2014 and 2019, the article presents two core findings, corroborating its expectations. It demonstrates that EU issues have increasingly affected electoral preferences, as well as enhancing their effects amongst the Europhile party voters.