bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the association of socioeconomic deprivation and breast cancer recurrence by molecular subtypes in Scotland
Authors: Dunlop Hayley M , Williams Linda J , Hall Peter S , Barber Matthew , Dodds Christine , Figueroa Jonine D 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Women from socioeconomically deprived areas have lower breast cancer (BC) incidence rates for screen-detected oestrogen receptor (ER)+ tumours and higher mortality for select tumour subtypes. We aimed to determine if ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR) differs by Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) quintile and tumour subtype in Scotland.
Methods
Patient data for primary invasive BC diagnosed in 2007-2008 in Scotland was analysed. Manual case-note review for 3495 patients from 10 years post-diagnosis was used. To determine the probability of IBR while accounting for the competing risk of death from any cause, cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) stratified by molecular subtype and surgery were plotted. Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards models were used to estimate the association of SIMD accounting for other predictors of IBR.
Results
Among 2819 ER+ tumours, 423 patients had a recurrence and 438 died. SIMD was related to death (p=0.018) with the most deprived more likely to have died in the 10-year period (17.7% vs 12.9%). We found no significant differences by SIMD in prognostic tumour characteristics (grade, TNM stage, treatment, screen-detection) or risk of IBR.
Among 676 patients diagnosed with ER- tumours, 105 died and 185 had a recurrence. We found no significant differences in prognostic tumour characteristics by SIMD except screen detection with the most deprived more likely than the least to have their tumours detected from screening (46.9% vs 28%, p=0.03). Among patients with ER- tumours, 50% had mastectomy and the most deprived had increased 5-year IBR risk compared to the least deprived (HR 3.03 [1.41-6.53]).
Conclusions
IBR is not a major contributor to mortality differences by SIMD for the majority of BC patients. The lack of inequities in IBR are likely due to standardised treatment protocols and access to healthcare. The association with socioeconomic deprivation and recurrence for ER- tumours requires further study.
Possible contribution of cytokeratin 13 and uroplakin 1B as novel markers for differential diagnosis between metastatic lung carcinoma from oral squamous cell carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Goda Hiroyuki , Nakashiro Koh-ichi , Sano Yoshifumi , Adachi Tomoko , Tokuzen Norihiko , Kuribayashi Nobuyuki , Hino Satoshi , Uchida Daisuke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas unusually show distant metastasis to the lung after primary treatment, which can be difficult to differentiate from primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. While the location and number of tumor nodules is helpful in diagnosing cases, differential diagnosis may be difficult even with histopathological examination. Therefore, we attempted to identify molecules that can facilitate accurate differential diagnosis. First, we performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis using microarray data for OSCC-LM and LSCC, and searched for genes showing significantly different expression levels. We then identified KRT13, UPK1B, and nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) as genes that were significantly upregulated in LSCC and quantified the expression levels of these genes by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of KRT13 and UPK1B proteins were then examined by immunohistochemical staining. While OSCC-LM showed no KRT13 and UPK1B expression, some tumor cells of LSCC showed KRT13 and UPK1B expression in 10 of 12 cases (83.3%). All LSCC cases were positive for at least one of these markers. Thus, KRT13 and UPK1B might contribute in differentiating OSCC-LM from LSCC.
Transcriptomic analysis provides insights into the abscisic acid mediates brassinosteroid-induced cold resistance of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Wang Yuting , Ding Siyue , Chen Zeya , Wang Xuefei , Jiang Qianqian , Zhao Jiaqi , Duan Bingbing , Xi Zhu-mei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The potential role of brassinosteroid (BR) and abscisic acid (ABA) against cold stress in plants separately has been made with much effort. However, the connection between BR and ABA in response to cold stress is less clear. Herein, the potential involvement of ABA in BR-induced cold resistance in grapevines was investigated by contrasting the different responses among ABA, BR, and the combination of BR and NDGA (an inhibitor of endogenous ABA biosynthesis) treatments under cold stress. Results showed BR and ABA foliar application alone increased the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, regulated the antioxidant system, and alleviated oxidative damage induced by low temperature stress. Interestingly, NDGA blocked the BR-induced cold resistance by increasing reactive oxygen species content and reducing antioxidant enzyme activity. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that exposure to cold stress resulted in very different patterns of gene expression and enriched pathway responses. Among them, genes from the ERF transcription factors were observed to be up-regulated both BR and ABA treatment, calcium-binding protein genes were up-regulated only under BR treatment alone, xyloglucosyl transferase genes were up-regulated only under ABA treatment. Overall, we concluded that ABA was involved in BR-induced cold resistance in grapevines, but there was also a different candidate pathway between ABA and BR treatments under cold stress.
Experimental Design and Optimization of Parameters for Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Method
Authors: R Sudarshan , Sri Venkatesh , K Balasubramanian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the present work, SS304 material has been taken as the substrate for the in-house prepared solution precursor deposition for preliminary process optimisation. An L16 orthogonal array is used in the Taguchi optimal method for segregating parameters for better optimal results. Microstructures with XRD as a part of non-destructive testing methods had been used to check the structural values with thermal impact and elements study. It shows that the deposition of coating is good even at optimum parameters. At high temperatures, grain development and pore closure reduce the porosity of ceramic coatings. The deposition of thickness is increasing with increasing power. Medium raster speed and spray distance of 60 mm and 80 mm are found to be good for thickness deposition. SPPS coatings contain unique characteristic features such as verticle cracks, symmetric fine porous structure, and splats are smaller.
Ultra-Broadband Magneto-Optical Isolators and Circulators on Silicon Nitride Photonics Platform
Authors: Yan Wei , Wei Zixuan , Yang Yucong , Wu Di , Zhang Zijian , Song Xiaoyi , Cai Songgang , Qin Jun , Deng Longjiang , Bi Lei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Broadband optical isolators and circulators are highly desirable for wavelength-division multiplexing, light detection, and ranging systems. However, the silicon-integrated optical isolators and circulators reported so far have a limited isolation bandwidth of only several nanometers, due to waveguide and material dispersion. In this paper, we report the development of broadband magneto-optical isolators and circulators on silicon nitride waveguides. We proposed a general method of dispersion compensation to achieve a constant phase difference between reciprocal and nonreciprocal phase shifts in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer over a wide frequency range. This method enabled a theoretical 30 dB isolation/circulation bandwidth of more than 240 nm, which covers the S, C, L, and U bands. The fabricated devices showed a maximum isolation ratio of 28 dB, crosstalk of -28 dB, a record high 20-dB isolation bandwidth of 29 nm (3.48 THz), and a relatively low loss of 2.7 dB in the wavelength range of 1520–1610 nm. This method has also been applied to the design of broadband, low-loss isolators, and O/C dual-band isolators/circulators. Our work experimentally demonstrated broadband-integrated optical isolators and circulators on silicon, paving the way for their use in optical communication, data communication, and LiDAR applications.
Stoichiometric characteristics drive the soil aggregate stability rather than microbial community characteristics and soil nutrients after 5 years of vegetation restoration in China
Authors: Kan Haiming , Xu Hengkang , Zhang Guofang , Chen Chao , Pang Zhuo , Fan Xifeng , Wu Juying 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Soil physical and chemical properties and aggregate stability can be significantly affected by vegetation restoration in degraded land. However, it is not known how the aggregate stability is related to soil stoichiometric characteristics under different vegetation restorations. A 5-year in situ experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of vegetation restoration on the structure, stability and stoichiometric properties of soil aggregates. In the northwest part of Beijing, Bromus inermis Leyss. and Medicago sativa L. were planted in a typical area of desertification land, and natural succession grassland was used as control. Boosted regression trees (BRTs) were applied to partition the factors that control aggregate stability. The results showed that the mean weight diameter (MWD) of soil water-stable aggregates under natural restoration (CK) and in the alfalfa sowing treatments (AF) was significantly higher than that under the restoration of the smooth brome sowing treatments (SB). Compared with CK, AF significantly increased the geometric mean aggregate diameter (GMD) of soil water stability, while SB showed the opposite result. AF significantly increased the proportion of soil aggregates > 2 mm particle sizes, MWD and GMD at 20–30 cm. AF can improve the stability of soil aggregates by increasing the content of large aggregates. For the stoichiometric characteristics of the aggregates, AF improved significantly the value of C/P in 0.053 − 0.125mm particle size aggregates. The MBC/MBN ratio of 0-10cm and 10-20cm was also significantly increased in the treatment of AF. The BRTs indicated that stoichiometric ratio is the main factor driving the stability of soil aggregates rather than microbial community characteristics and soil nutrients. The C/P is the main driving factor affecting the MWD, in which the overall stoichiometric influence accounts for 46%, followed by the microbial influence of 36%. For the GMD, MBC/MBN is the main driving factor, and the stoichiometric influence accounts for 94%. Our finding indicates that AF is beneficial to the stability of deep soil aggregates, and the stoichiometric characteristics of soil are the key factors affecting the stability of soil aggregates.
Does Surface Enamel Composition and Characteristics	Vary With Inter Proximal Enamel Reduction ?
Authors: Poovattil Kishore , Sathyanarayana Haritha P , Padmanabhan Sridevi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective :This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the proximal enamel surface and the surface characteristics subjected to different extents of Inter- proximal reduction(IPR) in a clinical setting
Materials and methods:Premolars of orthodontic patients which were designated for extraction were subjected to .2mm,.3 mm and .5 mm of IPR. After one month the teeth were extracted and the teeth were subjected to Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X ray Spectroscopy (EDX).
Results: Calcium Phosphorous stoichiometric ratios for all the four groups assessed with EDX was compared using Mann Whitney U test (0.86, 0.76, 0.56, 0.64 respectively) and it was statistically insignificant (p=0.163). The SEM images of the three experimental groups (taken at magnification of 500X and 2000X showed that the enamel surfaces were irregular and rough compared to the honey comb appearance of the unstripped group. Small areas of erosion of enamel surface were seen in Group I (0.2mm) under 2000X magnification compared to Group IV (control) which showed typical arrangement of enamel rods in alternating orientation
Conclusions:On analyzing the surface characteristics of enamel using SEM between the stripped and unstripped surfaces, there were irregularities and roughness seen in stripped surface whereas honey comb pattern was observed in unstripped enamel surfaces. The elements found in unstripped and stripped enamel surfaces were calcium, phosphorous, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Although the calcium and phosphorus were high in the 0.5mm IPR group, the difference between stripped and unstripped enamel surfaces were statistically not significant.
Clinical relevance: IPR is a popular method of gaining space particularly in recent times.There have been concerns that IPR can remove the superfical mineral rich layer making the deeper layers more susceptible to carious attack. No study has studied the mineral content in different layers of enamel in response to IPR .The results of this study strengthens the validity of the clinical protocol employed.
Bony Bankart lesions: epidemiology of 790 cases from the Swedish Fracture Register
Authors: Gordins Vladislavs , Sansone Mikael , Thorolfsson Baldur , Möller Michael , Carling Malin , Olsson Nicklas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: A bony Bankart lesion is a common type of fracture associated with anterior shoulder dislocation. This type of fracture could directly affect the stability of the shoulder by reducing the glenoid joint-contact area.
The aim of this study was to report and describe epidemiological data relating to bony Bankart lesions in Sweden using the Swedish Fracture Register. The purpose is to evaluate age and sex distribution in the population with BB lesions, its impact on treatment strategy and to analyse patient-reported outcomes.
Methods: An epidemiological descriptive study based on data from the national Swedish Fracture Register. The inclusion criteria were all patients with a unilateral bony Bankart lesion registered between April 2012 and April 2019. The patients’ specific data (age, sex, type and time of injury, treatment option and patient-reported outcomes) were extracted from the Swedish Fracture Register database.
Results: A total of 790 unilateral bony Bankart fractures were identified. The majority of the patients were male (58.7%). The mean age ± SD for all patients at the time of injury was 56.3 ± 16.1 years. Females had a higher mean age, 64.3 ± 12.8, compared with males, 50.7 ± 15.7.
Most of the BB lesions, 91.8% (662), were registered as a low-energy trauma. More than two-thirds of all cases, 509 patients (70.1%), were treated non-surgically, 217 patients (29.9%) were treated surgically, while, in 17 patients (7.8% of all surgically treated patients), the treatment was changed from non-surgical to surgical. Surgical treatment was chosen for 34% (146) of males and for 23% (71) of females. Patient quality of life decreased slightly in both surgically and non-surgically treated groups one year after BB injury.
Conclusion: This national register-based study provides detailed information on the epidemiology, choice of treatment and patient-reported outcomes in a large cohort of bony Bankart lesions. Most BB lesions affected males between 40 and 75 years after low-energy falls and were treated non-surgically.
Deep learning the cis-regulatory code for gene expression in selected model plants
Authors: Peleke Fritz Forbang , Zumkeller Simon Maria , Gültas Mehmet , Schmitt Armin , Szymański Jędrzej Jakub 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Elucidating the relationship between the sequences of non-coding regulatory elements and their target genes is key to understanding gene regulation and its variation between plant species and ecotypes. In this study, we developed deep learning models that link gene sequence data with mRNA copy number for the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, Sorghum bicolor, Solanum lycopersicum and Zea mays, and predicted the regulatory effect of gene sequence variation. Our models achieved over 80% accuracy in the species-specific and multi-species prediction tasks and enabled predictive feature selection within the input regulatory sequences. Saliency scores of the model highlighted a set of expression-predictive sequence features and the profound importance of the UTR regions in determining the level of gene expression. Identified sequence features exhibited remarkable conservation across plant species and achieved more than 70% accuracy in cross-species expression prediction. We demonstrated the application of our model on 14 newly assembled tomato genomes, where the effect of structural genetic variation on gene expression is annotated. Finally, we showed that by providing an accurate prediction of differences in the expression of biosynthetic enzymes and their individual homologs, the model highlights known metabolic differences between related genotypes. This was demonstrated for biosynthetic pathways of stress-related compounds in Solanum lycopersicum and its wild drought-resistant relative Solanum pennellii.
Divergent chondro/osteogenic transduction laws of fibrocartilage stem cell drive temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in growing mice
Authors: Bi Ruiye , Li Qianli , Li Haohan , Wang Peng , Fang Han , Yang Xianni , Wang Yiru , Hou Yi , Ying Binbin , Zhu Songsong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The anterior disc displacement (ADD) leads to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) and mandibular growth retardation in adolescent. To investigate the potential functional role of fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs) during the process, a surgical ADD-TMJOA mouse model was established. From 1 week after model generation, ADD mice exhibited aggravated mandibular growth retardation with osteoarthritis (OA)-like joint cartilage degeneration, manifesting with impaired chondrogenic differentiation and loss of subchondral bone homeostasis. Lineage tracing using Gli1-CreER+; Tmfl/−mice and Sox9-CreER+;Tmfl/−mice showed that ADD interfered the chondrogenic capacity of Gli1+ FCSCs as well as osteogenic differentiation of Sox9+ lineage, mainly in the middle zone of TMJ cartilage. Then, a surgically induced disc reposition (DR) mouse model was generated. The inhibited FCSCs capacity were significantly alleviated by DR treatment in ADD mice. And both the ADD mice and adolescent ADD patients had significantly relieved OA phenotype and improved condylar growth after DR treatment. In conclusion, ADD-TMJOA leads to impaired chondrogenic progenitor capacity and osteogenesis differentiation of FCSCs lineage, results in cartilage degeneration and loss of subchondral bone homeostasis, finally causes TMJ growth retardation. DR at an early stage could significantly alleviate cartilage degeneration and restore TMJ cartilage growth potential.
Interpass temperature effects on the corrosion performance of WAAM ER316L stainless steel multi-layer walls using a potentiostatic pulse test
Authors: Wharton Julian , Addison Adrian , Wang Yikun , Lu Qing , penot Corentin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The effect of interpass temperature on the microstructure and pit nucleation behaviour in wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) deposited ER316L stainless steel was investigated. Lowering the interpass temperature increased the ferrite content and decreased the sigma phase precipitation. Potentiostatic pulse measurements showed that the WAAM ER316L pits developed predominantly near sigma phases and had higher pit density compared to a wrought 316L (UNS S31600). The pitting susceptibility of WAAM ER316L increases with increasing interpass temperature due to the precipitation of larger sigma phase enhancing the elemental segregation.
Investigating Net Primary Production in Climate Regions of Khuzestan Province, Iran using CASA model
Authors: Afzali Afsaneh , Hadian Fatemeh , Sabri Soheil , Yaghmaei Leila 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the vegetation production changes in Khuzestan province, Iran using MODIS data production, meteorological data, vegetation maps as well as topographic and field monitoring data in CASA model. The study area was divided into different climatic classes based on multivariate statistical method, so the vegetation of each climatic region was examined separately for changes in NPP values. Production changes due to degradation were calculated using the Miami model and subsequently, the rain use efficiency (RUE) and the light use efficiency (LUE) and correlation indices between the CASA model and ground data were determined. The results of this study (R2) showed that the accuracy of this model varies depending on the type of climatic regions (R2 = 80 to R2 = 15). In different climatic regions, the rate of NPP changes (very humid 68 gC/m2 to ultra-dry 15 gC/m2) varies in rangeland types. The highest rate of vegetation production is observed seasonally in May. Degradation conditions also reduced RUE and LUE. However, in hyper-arid regions, adaptations of plants in some different species (Hammada sp.) increase their efficiency compared to other vegetation types. The results showed the importance of vegetation and climate classification in vegetation production studies.
Safety and Efficacy of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Elderly Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Lu Yuning , Xu Shanhu , Zheng Ruzi , Wang Ning , Lin Dongdong , Zhou Yumiao , Zheng Chaobo , Li Yulin , Jiong Wu , Wan Shu , Wang Ming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has been established as the first-line treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) from large vessel occlusions. However, the benefits of MT to the patients over 80 years old is not yet clear, for the elderly with AIS were usually excluded from large randomized controlled stroke clinical trials for their poor prognosis.
Methods
This study enrolled 187 adult patients with acute ischemic stroke from large vessel occlusions, including 53 patients ≥ 80 years old. Propensity score matching was used to match the patients༜80 years old with those ≥ 80 years old in a ratio of 1:1. The elderly patients were divided into bridging therapy subgroup and direct MT subgroup. The baseline characteristics and outcome were compared between younger patients and older patients, and elderly patients in two subgroups by multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results
The good functional status at 90 days occurred in 44 (32.8%) younger patients, 12 (22.6%) in older patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (adjusted OR, 1.244[95%CI,0.520–2.882], P = 0.644). A higher mortality rate was observed in older patients (43% vs 16%, OR,0.245[95%CI,0.104–0.578], P = 0.001). After propensity score matching, the similar results were found in the good functional prognosis and mortality in the two groups. Moreover, in elderly patients, no significant difference was found in the outcome between the two subgroups.
Conclusions
Elderly patients with AIS from large vessel occlusions who received MT had similar good functional status and successful reperfusion to patients༜80 years old. MT is effective and relatively safe for the elderly.