bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling time delays from two reprocessors in active galactic nuclei
Authors: Jaiswal Vikram Kumar , Prince Raj , Panda Swayamtrupta , Czerny Bożena 
Published: January 2023

Context. Continuum time delays from accretion disks in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have long been proposed as a tool for measuring distances to monitored sources. However, the method faces serious problems as a number of effects must be taken into account, including the contribution from the broad line region (BLR).
Aims. In this paper, we model the expected time delays when both the disk reprocessing of the incident X-ray flux and further reprocessing by the BLR are included, with the aim to see whether the two effects can be disentangled.
Methods. We used a simple response function for the accretion disk, without relativistic effects, and we used a parametric description to account for the BLR contribution. We included only the scattering of the disk emission by the BLR inter-cloud medium. We also used artificial light curves with one-day samplings to check whether the effects are likely to be seen in real data.
Results. We show that the effect of the BLR scattering on the predicted time delay is very similar to the effect of the rising height of the X-ray source, without any BLR contribution. This brings additional degeneracy for potential applications in the future, when attempting to recover the parameters of the system from the observed time delays in a specific object. Both effects, however, modify the slope of the delay-versus-wavelength curve when plotted in log space, which opens a way to obtaining bare disk time delay needed for cosmology. In addition, when the disk irradiation is strong, the modification of the predicted delay by the BLR scattering and by X-ray source height become considerably different. In this regard, simulations of the expected bias are also presented.
Electron density revealing the boundaries of Mercury’s magnetosphere via serendipitous measurements by SORBET during BepiColombo first and second Mercury swing-bys
Authors: Griton L. , Issautier K. , Moncuquet M. , Pantellini F. , Kasaba Y. , Kojima H. 
Published: January 2023

Aims. We aim to establish the boundaries of Mercury’s magnetosphere through a comparison of the drops and rises of the electron density revealed by PWI/SORBET, during BepiColombo’s first and second swing-bys of Mercury carried out on 1 October 2021 and 23 June 2022, with global 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations.
Methods. SORBET was switched on during both swing-bys and its radio spectra were re-analysed using a new method based on the theory of the quasi-thermal-noise spectroscopy and adapted to measurements registered with a non-deployed antenna (as planned for the entire cruise phase). In parallel, magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) global simulations of Mercury’s magnetosphere were run under different solar wind conditions. Profiles of the electron density obtained from SORBET data were compared with three MHD simulations, using different values for solar wind sonic Mach numbers and plasma β.
Results. Three drops and rises of electron density are clearly identified with the boundaries of the magnetosphere (bow shock, magnetopause, and boundary of a region dominated by closed magnetic field lines) on the inbound part of the first Mercury swing-by.
Conclusions. On the inbound part of the first swing-by, a good match is found between the SORBET data and the MHD simulations, revealing the quick reorganisation of the Mercury’s magnetosphere in a variable solar wind. This study also highlights the essential role of the electron density in the future detection of Mercury’s magnetosphere boundaries once BepiColombo will orbit the planet from December 2025.
Molecular Docking Studies of Rifampicin – rpoB
complex: Repurposing Drug Design Implications for against Plasmodium
falciparum Malaria through a Computational Approach
Authors: Yadav Upasana , Pandey Jaya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMalaria is one of the world’s most devastating diseases, infecting well
over 300 million people annually and killing between 2 and 3 million worldwide.
Increasing parasite resistance to many existing drugs is exacerbating disease.
Resistance to commonly used malarial drugs is increasing the need to develop new
drugs urgently. Due to the slow pace and substantial costs of new drug
development, repurposing of old drugs which is recently increasingly becoming an
attractive proposition of highly efficient and effective way of drug discovery
led us to study the drug rifampicin for this purpose. The present paper aims to
investigate the route of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast-targeted
proteins that putatively encode β subunits of RNA polymerase with an
objective to develop an effective antimalarial drug. Homology searching for
conserved binding site to the rifampicin drug and the functional analysis of
rpoB gene were done. Multiple Sequence alignment analysis of
rpoB was compared with that in E.coli – rpoB
and M. tuberculosis – rpoB. Docking studies of
Rifampicin – rpoB complex was also done for finding
binding affinity. The results of computational studies showed that rifampicin is
a potential drug for malaria.
Fasting Plasma Glucose Increase and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as
Risk Predictors of Clinical Outcome of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus
Authors: Petrakis Vasilios , Panagopoulos Periklis , Trypsianis Grigorios , Papazoglou Dimitrios , Papanas Nikolaos 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim of the study To evaluate fasting plasma glucose (FPG) increase and
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as risk predictors of severe clinical
outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) hospitalised
patients.
Patients and methods Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients hospitalised
between March 2020 and February 2021 were studied retrospectively. The NLR ratio
at admission and FPG increase (day 7, day with maximal FPG) were evaluated in
association with the clinical progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Results Three hundred patients (165 men, 135 women) were included in the
study. The mean age was 67.17±8.65 years. Severe COVID-19 pneumonia was
diagnosed in 170 patients (56.7%). Fifty-four patients (18%)
were intubated and 49 (16.3%) died. Greater increase in FPG (79.5 vs.
44.5 mg/dL for day 1–7, p<0.001; and 113.5 vs.
75 mg/dL for day 1-day with maximum glucose value,
p<0.001) and higher NLR at admission (10.65 vs. 6.85) were seen in
patients with need of high-flow oxygen compared to those without need, and they
were associated with a higher probability of intubation and death.
Conclusion FPG increase and NLR could be significant risk predictors of
severe COVID-19 pneumonia in T2DM hospitalised patients.
Spontaneous Rupture of Choledochal Cyst: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Juvaina P. , Aleena K.T. , Riyaz Arakkal , Devarajan E. , Ranjit P. , Jyothi E.R. Rani 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCholedochal cyst (CDC) is a rare surgical cause of cholestatic jaundice in infants. Spontaneous rupture is an unusual presentation of a previously undiagnosed CDC and is also a rare cause of biliary peritonitis in children. Here, we report a case of a 1-year-old boy who was evaluated for progressive abdominal distension. Ultrasonogram showed gross ascites with echogenic particles, dilated common bile duct (CBD), common hepatic duct (CHD), and upstream intra hepatic biliary radicle dilatation (IHBRD). CECT sections of the abdomen showed gross ascites and IHBRD with disproportionate dilatation of CHD and CBD. At laparotomy, a type 1 CDC with rupture of the anterior wall was found. The cyst was excised followed by hepaticojejunostomy. In a sick child with abdominal pain, cholestatic jaundice and biliary ascites, a high index of suspicion during imaging will help in the correct diagnosis and surgery for a potentially fatal ruptured CDC.
Complications of Arterial Transcatheter Embolization for Treatment of Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Authors: Lindquester Will S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTranscatheter embolization is an effective minimally invasive treatment for nonvariceal gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage. While many patients with GI bleeding can be treated endoscopically, transcatheter embolization is an important therapy in patients with bleeding refractory to endoscopic management and serves as an alternative to surgery. Despite having lower morbidity than surgical management of GI bleeding, transcatheter embolization has its own set of risks and complications. Moreover, embolization can be performed with a variety of embolic agents, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Knowledge of complications specific to transcatheter embolization is essential for interventional radiologists as well as all physicians involved in managing patients with GI hemorrhage.
A VME: Versa Module Europa, crate controller for high speed data acquisition of heterogeneous, multi-detector systems
Authors: Jain Mamta , Subramaniam E. T. , Chatterjee Shouri 
Published: January 2023

Modern day complex experiments in physics demand highly efficient data acquisition (DAQ) systems capable of acquiring a large number of signals with a very high resolution and near zero dead time, without compromising on the event rate handling capability. To cater to the ever growing demands of the DAQ systems, an intelligent controller with a sequencer and an in-built busy logic has been developed. The heart of the controller is a field programmable gate array that provides (a) a sequencer engine, which holds a list of read–write commands that will be executed upon receiving a valid trigger, (b) a dual port random access memory divided into two blocks of 16 kbytes, each of which is configured in a ping-pong fashion to support data acquisition and data transfer functionalities simultaneously, thereby reducing the dead time, (c) a busy logic interface that validates the master strobe or trigger, a scalar for triggers received, and a time stamp engine for time stamping the events with 10 ns interval, (d) the Versa Module Europa (VME) backplane interface for 32 bit data transfer standards of the VME, and (e) a superspeed universal serial bus communication interface to transfer the data to a computer/single board computer (SBC). The SBC is capable of booting locally or through net via a preboot execution environment from a netboot server, and it contains the driver, libraries, and data server for data collection. A throughput of 32 megabytes per second (MB/s) has been achieved with an event size of 288 signals at an event rate of 30 kiloevents per second with medium slow slave modules, which may further increase up to 45 MB/s with faster slave modules. The VME controller supports an event size (number of signals) of up to 1023 in a single VME crate. Thus, this sequencer engine based VME crate controller development facilitates collection of a high volume of data with a large number of signals at higher event rates and the least dead time; it is named as Readout Ordained Sequencer Engine.
Frequency-domain probe beam deflection method for measurement of thermal conductivity of materials on micron length scale
Authors: Sun Jinchi , Lv Guangxin , Cahill David G. 
Published: January 2023

Time-domain thermoreflectance and frequency-domain thermoreflectance (FDTR) have been widely used for non-contact measurement of anisotropic thermal conductivity of materials with high spatial resolution. However, the requirement of a high thermoreflectance coefficient restricts the choice of metal coating and laser wavelength. The accuracy of the measurement is often limited by the high sensitivity to the radii of the laser beams. We describe an alternative frequency-domain pump-probe technique based on probe beam deflection. The beam deflection is primarily caused by thermoelastic deformation of the sample surface, with a magnitude determined by the thermal expansion coefficient of the bulk material to measure. We derive an analytical solution to the coupled elasticity and heat diffusion equations for periodic heating of a multilayer sample with anisotropic elastic constants, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficients. In most cases, a simplified model can reliably describe the frequency dependence of the beam deflection signal without knowledge of the elastic constants and thermal expansion coefficients of the material. The magnitude of the probe beam deflection signal is larger than the maximum magnitude achievable by thermoreflectance detection of surface temperatures if the thermal expansion coefficient is greater than 5 × 10−6 K−1. The uncertainty propagated from laser beam radii is smaller than that in FDTR when using a large beam offset. We find a nearly perfect matching of the measured signal and model prediction, and measure thermal conductivities within 6% of accepted values for materials spanning the range of polymers to gold, 0.1–300 W/(m K).
Downstream migration of telemetry-tagged adult common galaxias (
Authors: Koster W. M. , Dawson D. , Pomorin K. , Morrongiello J. R. 
Published: January 2023

Many migratory species are under threat globally. Management actions to conserve these species require a quantitative understanding of their life-history requirements, such as cues for migration. Migrations to spawn are a critical component of the life-cycle of diadromous fishes but are often poorly understood. Downstream migration patterns of common galaxias (Galaxias maculatus) were investigated in the Bunyip–Tarago River system, southern Australia, using passive integrated transponder technology. Fish undertook rapid (typically 1–3 days) downstream migration (up to 50 km) from the upper reaches to the lowland reaches near the estuary. Migration occurred from March to May during the known spawning period, with peak movement between late April and mid-May. Migration was also related to increased river discharge, with fish being more likely to migrate on days when flow was high compared with the previous 2 days, and a waxing moon (i.e. increasing illumination). Our results fill an important knowledge gap in the life history of this widely distributed diadromous species. Importantly, the knowledge about the likely drivers of movement can inform management actions such as providing environmental flows in austral autumn and at appropriate moon phases to trigger the downstream migration of adult common galaxias from freshwater reaches to estuarine spawning areas.
OGT controls mammalian cell viability by regulating the proteasome/mTOR/ mitochondrial axis
Authors: Li Xiang , Yue Xiaojing , Sepulveda Hugo , Burt Rajan A. , Scott David A. , A. Carr Steven , A. Myers Samuel , Rao Anjana 
Published: January 2023

O
-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) modifies serine and threonine residues on nuclear and cytosolic proteins with
O
-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). OGT is essential for mammalian cell viability, but the underlying mechanisms are still enigmatic. We performed a genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screen in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to identify candidates whose depletion rescued the block in cell proliferation induced by OGT deficiency. We show that the block in cell proliferation in OGT-deficient cells stems from mitochondrial dysfunction secondary to mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) hyperactivation. In normal cells, OGT maintains low mTOR activity and mitochondrial fitness through suppression of proteasome activity; in the absence of OGT, increased proteasome activity results in increased steady-state amino acid levels, which in turn promote mTOR lysosomal translocation and activation, and increased oxidative phosphorylation. mTOR activation in OGT-deficient mESCs was confirmed by an independent phospho-proteomic screen. Our study highlights a unique series of events whereby OGT regulates the proteasome/ mTOR/ mitochondrial axis in a manner that maintains homeostasis of intracellular amino acid levels, mitochondrial fitness, and cell viability. A similar mechanism operates in CD8
+
T cells, indicating its generality across mammalian cell types. Manipulating OGT activity may have therapeutic potential in diseases in which this signaling pathway is impaired.
Qualitative approaches in L2 research abroad
Authors: Shively Rachel L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The goal of this chapter is to provide a critical look at qualitative approaches in the context of research about study abroad and language learning. The chapter begins with an overview of qualitative scholarship focused on study abroad, highlighting methodological approaches and theoretical orientations, as well as historical trends. In the following section, some of the many contributions of qualitative research about study abroad are outlined, with a focus on aspects related to identity and social interaction. Limitations and gaps in the literature are then discussed with regard to participants and data collection and analysis. The chapter concludes with recommendations for how researchers can continue to advance our understanding of study abroad through qualitative approaches. Suggestions for future directions include diversifying the voices represented in research and placing greater emphasis on reflexivity.
Mixed methods research on language learning in study abroad
Authors: Kinginger Celeste , Schrauf Robert W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Although research involving the theorized, principled, systematic integration of quantitative and qualitative approaches – mixed methods – is relatively rare in the literature on study abroad, there have been seminal, interesting, and impactful multiple methods contributions to this literature. This chapter first explores extant research on language learning in study abroad that involves both quantitative and qualitative data. The chapter will then present the key feature of mixed methods research: the principled integration of quantitative and qualitative data and analysis. Worked examples of these moments of integration – termed ‘points of interface’ – are drawn from our own current research and a published study. The chapter closes with reflection on how mixed methods might strengthen and extend the empirical case for study abroad.
Translation and diaspora
Authors: Pokorn Nike K. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article revisits Gideon Toury’s (1995, 2012) definition of translation as a fact of the target culture by highlighting the transfer of cultural images through literary translation in the periodicals of a US diaspora in the interwar period between the US Immigration Act of 1924 and the beginning of World War II in 1939. I argue that literary translations in diaspora periodicals fulfilled different roles and were used for strengthening not only intercultural but also intracultural links. The analysis of 4897 interwar issues of two periodical publications of the Slovene Americans shows that these periodicals continuously published literary translations: not only from different languages into Slovene, but also from Slovene into English. By means of the latter, Slovene immigrant diaspora attempted to construct their own representation of Slovene culture, and communicate this image to other immigrant communities, mainstream US culture, and the new generations who no longer spoke Slovene. The immigrant community thus became the promoter, creator, and receiver of these translations and simultaneously represented the source and target cultures, blurring clearly circumscribed borders of a distinct cultural unity.
The effect of Penning ionization reactions on the evolution of He with O2 admixtures plasma jets
Authors: Lazarou C , Anastassiou C , Topala I , Chiper A S , Mihaila I , Pohoata V , Georghiou G E 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, the effect of the O2 and N2 Penning ionization reactions on the evolution a capillary helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) with and without the presence of oxygen admixtures is investigated numerically using a two dimensional axi-symmetric model. In order to better understand potential applications of plasma surface interaction, the He and He + O2 (1000 ppm) APPJ is launched into a dielectric target. Moreover, the numerical model is compared with experimental measurements showing that the model captures the right physics and can elucidate the discharge dynamics. The comparison is realized for axial and radial measurements in order to have a complete picture of the plasma jet evolution. In this paper, the velocity and the shape of the plasma guided streamer were chosen as indicators of plasma jet evolution. In particular, the investigation is accomplished experimentally by tracking the spatio-temporal resolved emission of 706.5 nm (3s3S → 2p3P) line and numerically by calculating the reaction rate for the same transition. The O2 and N2 Penning reactions are then independently considered in the numerical model in order to isolate their contribution to the plasma evolution. It is shown that for the pure helium plasma, the N2 Penning reactions are more important to the plasma evolution. However, when oxygen admixtures are added to the plasma gas, the O2 Penning reactions become more important than the N2 ones.
The stability of the b-family of peakon equations
Authors: Charalampidis Efstathios G , Parker Ross , Kevrekidis Panayotis G , Lafortune Stéphane 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the present work we revisit the b-family model of peakon equations, containing as special cases the b = 2 (Camassa–Holm) and b = 3 (Degasperis–Procesi) integrable examples. We establish information about the point spectrum of the peakon solutions and notably find that for suitably smooth perturbations there exists point spectrum in the right half plane rendering the peakons unstable for b < 1. We explore numerically these ideas in the realm of fixed-point iterations, spectral stability analysis and time-stepping of the model for the different parameter regimes. In particular, we identify exact, stationary (spectrally stable) lefton solutions for

b
<
−
1

, and for

−
1
<
b
<
1

, we dynamically identify ramp-cliff solutions as dominant states in this regime. We complement our analysis by examining the breakup of smooth initial data into stable peakons for b > 1. While many of the above dynamical features had been explored in earlier studies, in the present work, we supplement them, wherever possible, with spectral stability computations.
Modeling of the

N2+

ion in cold helium plasma II: transport properties of

N2+

in helium
Authors: Paláček S , Beseda M , Kalus R , Benhenni M , Gadéa F X , Leininger T , Yousfi M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A detailed modeling of N

2
+

transport properties in helium gas has been performed by employing Monte Carlo calculations based on ab initio collision cross-sections reported by our group in a preceding paper (S Paláček et al 2022 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 31 105004). A broad range of the reduced electric field (

E

/

N

) is considered to provide data directly usable in macroscopic modeling of processes in cold helium plasmas. The N

2
+

mobility in helium gas at room temperature (T = 300 K), the characteristic energies of its longitudinal and transversal diffusion, and the rate constant of the N

2
+

dissociation induced by collisions with helium atoms have been calculated. The effect of the N

2
+

initial rotational-vibrational excitation is investigated as well as the effect of the rotational alignment of the N

2
+

molecule. A direct comparison with N

2
+

/He mobility experimental data is performed as well as indirect tests of theoretical estimates of the characteristic diffusion energies by comparing the latter with pseudo-experimental data obtained from mobility experiments via an inverse-method approach.