bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing climate model accuracy and future climate change in Ghana's Savannah regions
Authors: Incoom Awo Boatemaa Manson , Adjei Kwaku Amaning , Odai Samuel Nii , Akpoti Komlavi , Siabi Ebenezer Kwadwo , Awotwi Alfred 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the performance of six regional climate models (RCMs) in simulating observed and projecting future climate in the Savannah zone of Ghana, in order to find suitable methods to improve the accuracy of climate models in the region. The study found that the accuracy of both individual RCMs and their ensemble mean improved with bias correction, but the performance of individual RCMs was dependent on location. The projected change in annual precipitation indicated a general decline in rainfall with variations based on the RCM and location. Projections under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 were larger than those under RCP 4.5. The changes in mean temperature recorded were 1 °C for the 2020s for both RCPs, 1–4 °C for the 2050s under both RCPs, and 1– 4 °C under RCP 4.5, and from 2 to 8 °C for the 2080s. These findings will aid farmers and governments in the West African subregion in making informed decisions and planning cost-effective climate adaptation strategies to reduce the impact of climate change on the ecosystem. The study highlights the importance of accurate climate projections to reduce vulnerability to climate change and the need to improve climate models in projecting climate in the West African subregion.
2D and 3D electrochemical degradation (ECD) of raw cotton industry wastewater (CIWW) using stainless steel and aluminium electrodes
Authors: Siddappa Thanushree Mysuru , Shivaswamy Mahesh , Mahadevappa Mahadevaswamy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) batch electrochemical degradation (ECD) of raw cotton industry wastewater (CIWW) was adopted using stainless steel (SS) and aluminium (Al) electrodes. ECD as a treatment option was aimed at removing priority quality parameters, viz. chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, chloride, nitrate, etc. COD removal of 85 and 80% were achieved by using 3D SS and 2D SS electrodes operated at 6 V (0.9 A) for a maximum electrolysis time (ET) of 30 min. Similarly, 76 and 70% COD removal were achieved for 3D Al and 2D Al electrodes, respectively. Simultaneous colour removal in the 2D ECD system using SS and Al electrodes was low by 12 and 11% compared to the 3D ECD system. Water quality parameters, viz. total dissolved solids, chloride, nitrate, phosphates, and sulphate were also removed by 3D (SS and Al) and 2D (SS and Al) electrodes. Higher pollutant removal efficiencies were observed at 30 min ET for 3D SS electrodes compared to 2D SS, 3D Al, and 2D Al. Post-ECD slurry showed good settling characteristics for SS electrodes generating dense and sturdy flocs giving a low sludge volume index values for 2D SS electrodes compared to other electrode options.
Optimizing water efficiency and energy productivity in choosing a cropping pattern
Authors: Ye Zhigang , Miao Ping , Li Ning , Wang Yong , Zhang Wenli , Yin Shan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the current century, the sustainable production of agricultural products is one of the main challenges facing humanity. The amount of water consumption, energy, and net income as important components of the sustainability of agricultural systems is of special priority and importance. This study used linear and multi-objective programming models with the aim of maximizing five indicators of cost efficiency (CE), irrigation efficiency (IE), energy productivity (EP), energy efficiency (EE), and food efficiency (FE) to determine the cropping pattern of small-scale farms cultivated per hectare in the agricultural year. There are 160 questionnaires classified by random sampling method in agricultural sectors in Inner Mongolia, China. The results showed that determining the cropping pattern using multi-objective planning increases irrigation efficiency and energy efficiency compared with linear modeling. Considering the conditions of limited water resources in the region and the policies of the country in the agricultural sector, cropping patterns with the objective functions of maximization of IE and CE were proposed.
Effects of Prosocial and Hope-Promoting Communication Strategies on COVID-19 Worry and Intentions for Risk-Reducing Behaviors and Vaccination: Experimental Study
Authors: Scharnetzki Elizabeth , Waterston Leo , Scherer Aaron M , Thorpe Alistair , Fagerlin Angela , Han Paul K J 
Published: June 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has engendered widespread fear and skepticism about recommended risk-reducing behaviors including vaccination. Health agencies are faced with the need to communicate to the public in ways that both provide reassurance and promote risk-reducing behaviors. Communication strategies that promote prosocial (PS) values and hope are being widely used; however, the existing research on the persuasiveness of these strategies has offered mixed evidence. There is also very little research examining the comparative effectiveness of PS and hope-promoting (HP) strategies.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of PS and HP messages in reassuring the public and motivating COVID-19 risk–reducing behaviors.

Methods
A web-based factorial experiment was conducted in which a diverse sample of the US public was randomized to read messages which adapted existing COVID-19 information from a public website produced by a state government public health department to include alternative framing language: PS, HP, or no additional framing (control). Participants then completed surveys measuring COVID-19 worry and intentions for COVID-19 risk–reducing behaviors and vaccination.

Results
COVID-19 worry was unexpectedly higher in the HP than in the control and PS conditions. Intentions for COVID-19 risk–reducing behaviors did not differ between groups; however, intentions for COVID-19 vaccination were higher in the HP than in the control condition, and this effect was mediated by COVID-19 worry.

Conclusions
It appears that HP communication strategies may be more effective than PS strategies in motivating risk-reducing behaviors in some contexts but with the paradoxical cost of promoting worry.
A Web-Based Application for Risk Stratification and Optimization in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: Pilot Study
Authors: Pandey Avinash , D'Souza Marie Michelle , Pandey Amritanshu Shekhar , Mir Hassan 
Published: June 2023

Background
In addition to aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, statins, and lifestyle modification interventions, novel pharmacological agents have been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease patients, including new antithrombotics, antihyperglycemics, and lipid-modulating therapies. Despite their benefits, the uptake of these guideline-directed therapies remains a challenge. There is a need to develop strategies to support knowledge translation for the uptake of secondary prevention therapies.

Objective
The goal of this study was to test the feasibility and usability of Stratification and Optimization in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease (STOP-CVD), a point-of-care application that was designed to facilitate knowledge translation by providing individualized risk stratification and optimization guidance.

Methods
Using the REACH (Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health) Registry trial and predictive modeling (which included 67,888 patients), we designed a free web-based secondary risk calculator. Based on demographic and comorbidity profiles, the application was used to predict an individual’s 20-month risk of cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality and provides a comparison to an age-matched control with an optimized cardiovascular risk profile to illustrate the modifiable residual risk. Additionally, the application used the patient’s risk profile to provide specific guidance for possible therapeutic interventions based on a novel algorithm. During an initial 3-month adoption phase, 1-time invitations were sent through email and telephone to 240 physicians that refer to a regional cardiovascular clinic. After 3 months, a survey of user experience was sent to all users. Following this, no further marketing of the application was performed. Google Analytics was collected postimplementation from January 2021 to December 2021. These were used to tabulate the total number of distinct users and the total number of monthly uses of the application.

Results
During the 1-year pilot, 47 of the 240 invited clinicians used the application 1573 times, an average of 131 times per month, with sustained usage over time. All 24 postimplementation survey respondents confirmed that the application was functional, easy to use, and useful.

Conclusions
This pilot suggests that the STOP-CVD application is feasible and usable, with high clinician satisfaction. This tool can be easily scaled to support the uptake of guideline-directed medical therapy, which could improve clinical outcomes. Future research will be focused on evaluating the impact of this tool on clinician management and patient outcomes.
Moderated Online Social Therapy for Carers of Early Psychosis Clients in Real-World Settings: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gleeson John , Lin Ashleigh , Koval Peter , Hopkins Liza , Denborough Paul , Lederman Reeva , Herrman Helen , Bendall Sarah , Eleftheriadis Dina , Cotton Sue , Perry Yael , Kaess Michael , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario 
Published: June 2023

Background
Family carers of youth recovering from early psychosis experience significant stress; however, access to effective family interventions is poor. Digital interventions provide a promising solution.

Objective
Our objective was to evaluate across multiple Australian early psychosis services the effectiveness of a novel, web-based early psychosis intervention for carers.

Methods
In this cluster randomized controlled trial conducted across multiple Australian early psychosis services, our digital moderated online social therapy for carers (Altitudes) plus enhanced family treatment as usual (TAU) was compared with TAU alone on the primary outcome of perceived stress and secondary outcomes including mental health symptoms and family variables at the 6-month follow-up.

Results
Eighty-six caregivers were randomized and data were available for 74 young people in their care. Our primary hypothesis that carers randomized to Altitudes+TAU would report greater improvements in perceived stress at follow-up compared with carers randomized to TAU alone was not supported, with the TAU alone group showing more improvement. For secondary outcomes, the TAU alone group showed improved mindfulness over time. Regardless of group assignment, we observed improvements in satisfaction with life, quality of life, emotional overinvolvement, and burden of care. In contrast, hair cortisol concentration increased. Post hoc analyses revealed more contact with early psychosis services in the intervention group compared to TAU alone and that improvements in perceived stress and social support were associated with use of the intervention in the Altitudes+TAU group. In this study, 80% (12/15) reported a positive experience with Altitudes and 93% (14/15) would recommend it to others.

Conclusions
Our trial did not show a treatment effect for Altitudes in perceived stress. However, our post hoc analysis indicated that the amount of use of Altitudes related to improvements in stress and social support. Additional design work is indicated to continue users’ engagement and to significantly improve outcomes in problem-solving, communication, and self-care.

Trial Registration
Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617000942358; https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=ACTRN12617000942358
Realistas, patriotas y mestizos
Authors: Lo Chávez Damián , Sánchez Álvarez Tamara 
Published: June 2023

The South American wars of independence were rich in social contradictions, politicization of the masses and new players emerging during the Spanish Empire’s crisis on the continent. By adopting a regional perspective that decentralizes and democratizes knowledge relative to state-centered nationalistic historiography, researchers can analyze episodes and discover historical players previously absent from state-of-the-art research. This paper traces a specific case related to the right to profits from Tarapacá guano during the 1815 patriot invasion of the district of Tarapacá and the River Plate offensive in neighboring Upper Peru. Based on unpublished primary sources and pertinent bibliographic discussion, the authors argue that socio-ethnic factors, interests and new conceptions about the use of regional resources drove a sector of South American society to support the Patriot cause temporarily. Thus, the political, economic and social conflict surrounding guano constitutes new background for the transformation of South American colonial society at the dawn of the 19th century and the imminent emergence of the republican order in southern Peru.
POTENSI MODEL USAHA PEREMAJAAN KARET RAKYAT DI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Syarifa Lina Fatayati , Agustina Dwi Shinta , Nugraha Iman Satra , Alamsyah Aprizal 
Published: June 2023

Strategi peremajaan karet rakyat ini dipandang perlu mengingat luasnya areal karet rakyat yang sudah tua/rusak, serta banyaknya areal tanaman menghasilkan (TM) yang kondisinya juga sudah tidak layak sadap menyebabkan upaya-upaya peremajaan karet rakyat harus segera dipercepat.Kajian ini dibuat untukmenganalisis strategi peremajaan karet rakyat yang arahnya lebih dititikberatkan pada upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat perkebunan secara optimal. Sehingga nantinya dapat dibuat model-model usaha peremajaan yang dapat diterapkan di perkebunan karet rakyat dalam upaya mempercepat peremajaan karet rakyat.Dengan melihat potensi luasnya areal karet karet tua dan rendahnya tingkat adopsi bahan tanam klonal maka wilayah-wilayah yang dapat dijadikan sasaran prioritas untuk dilaksanakan program peremajaan karet di Sumatera Selatan yaitu Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara (5.571 ha), Kabupaten Musi Rawas (4.014 ha), Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin (4.014), Ogan Komering Ilir (2.603 ha), OKU Timur (2.265 ha), Ogan Komering Ulu (1.588 ha), Banyuasin (1.893 ha), dan Muara Enim (2.308 ha). Upaya peremajaan karet dengan menerapkan teknologi maju secara swadaya sebenarnya telah dilakukan oleh sebagian petani. Namun pada pelaksanaannya masih berjalan lambat karena petani memiliki keterbatasan, antara lain: kekurangan modal, ketidaktersediaan sarana produksi seperti bibit unggul dan pupuk serta kurangnya pengetahuan teknis. Dapat diidentifikasi potensi sumber dana internal dan eksternal yang dapat membiayai peremajaan antara lain: penanaman intercropping, bantuan CSR migas/perusahaan swasta, kemitraan dengan perusahaan kayu karet, serta bantuan pemerintah.Dari analisis kelayakan finansial, semua pilihan skenario model usaha peremajaan karet rakyat dapat dikategorikan layak untuk diusahakan. Apabila di suatu wilayah tidak tersedia pabrik kayu karet, tanaman hasil intercropping tidak bisa dijual, dan tidak terdapat perusahaan-perusahaan yang potensial mengeluarkan dana CSR untuk membiayai peremajaan karet rakyat, maka diperlukan peran pemerintah daerah yang tinggi di wilayah tersebut untuk menyediakan bantuan peremajaan bagi karet rakyat.
Fermentasi Acar Bunga Turi Dengan Empat Konsentrasi Cuka
Authors: Susanto Okky , Mahendra I Wayan Eka 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk memberikan alternatif penggunaan Bunga Turi ini yang hanya digunakan sebagai komoditas bahan panganan normal bagi khalayak masyarakat umum. Fenomena ini merupakan salah satu tolak ukur peneliti untuk membuat acar berbahan dasar bunga turi ini. Penelitian berbasi fermentasi ini akan dilaksanakan pada lokasi di tempat tinggal peneliti dan Waktu dimulai dari bulan Juli 2022. Uji organoleptik akan menjadi basis dari kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 20 panelis, Sebagai penganalisisan datanya peneliti menggunakan data deskriptif kuantitatif. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan masyarakat lebih mengetahui Kegunaan dan manfaat dari tumbuhan Turi khususnya dalam pengolah sebagai bahan pangan. Fermentasi merupakan salah satu teknik pengawetan makanan yang peneliti gunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan tujuan memperpanjang umur simpan Bunga Turi. Pada prosesnya akan peneliti gunakan metode fermentasi Acar yang nantinya akan terfokuskan pada konsentrasi cuka yang menggunakan 4 jenis cuka untuk mendapatkan perbedaan dari segi aroma, rasa dan warna. Pada hasil penelitian ditarik kesimpulan Acar yang disukai oleh panelis yang ditinjau dari segi aroma, rasa, dan juga warna terletak pada P1 dan P2, yang di mana menggunakan cuka apel dan cuka anggur putih.

This research is intended to provide an alternative to the use of this Turi flower which is only used as a normal food commodity for the general public. This phenomenon is one of the benchmarks for researchers to make pickles made from this turi flower. This fermentation-based research will be carried out at the location where the researcher lives and the time starts from July 2022. The organoleptic test will be the basis of the questionnaire given to 20 panelists. As the data analysis the researcher uses quantitative descriptive data. Through this research, it is hoped that the public will know more about the uses and benefits of Turi plants, especially in processing as food ingredients. Fermentation is one of the food preservation techniques that researchers use in this study with the aim of extending the shelf life of Turi Flowers. In the process, researchers will use the pickle fermentation method which will focus on the concentration of vinegar using 4 types of vinegar to get differences in terms of aroma, taste and color. In the results of the study, it was concluded that the pickles favored by the panelists in terms of aroma, taste, and color were located at P1 and P2, which used apple cider vinegar and white wine vinegar.
Perbedaan Sikap Mahasiswa dalam Merawat Pasien Menjelang Ajal di Institusi Keperawatan Umum dan Berciri Agama
Authors: A'la Muhamad Zulfatul , Siswoyo Siswoyo , Maghfiroh Rahmawati L. 
Published: June 2023

Students attitude towards palliative care is essential to improve the quality service for dying patients. Ideally, this positive attitudes must be flexible in interpersonal relationship and build up a direct communication, psycological relationship between patient and family, and considering of taking care of dying patients. This research determined the differences between attitude of nursing students at nursing institution with general nursing curriculum and nursing curriculum of religion in caring for dying patients. This research used stratified random sampling method and cross-sectional design. The data used Frommelt Attitudes towards the Care of the Dying Care Form B of Indonesian version (FATCOD-B-I) quesionnarrie in 102 correspondents. The result of this research showed that there is difference attitudes between nursing students from nursing institution with general nursing curriculum (104,18±7,557) and at nursing institution with curriculum of religion (99,82±8,532) in taking care of dying patients with P=0.008. The factors that affect the result is academic background, level of experience, training education of nursing students. For future to know about other factor of attitude toward caring of dying patient such as age and culture.

Abstrak
Sikap mahasiswa dalam perawatan menjelang ajal merupakan hal yang esensial dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas pelayanan menjelang ajal. Idealnya, fleksibel dalam hubungan interpersonal, adanya keinginan untuk menjalin komunikasi terbuka, pemikiran psikologis yang berkaitan dengan pasien dan keluarga, dan menganggap merawat pasien menjelang ajal merupakan hal yang menyenangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan sikap mahasiswa dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal di institusi pendidikan dengan kurikulum keperawatan umum dan kurikulum keperawatan berciri agama di wilayah Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif komparatif dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner Frommelt Attitudes towards the Care of the Dying Care Form B of Indonesian version (FATCOD-B-I) dengan 102 responden. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan sikap mahasiswa dari institusi pendidikan dengan kurikulum keperawatan umum (104,18±7,557) dan mahasiswa dari institusi pendidikan dengan kurikulum keperawatan berciri agama (99,82±8,532) dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal dengan P=0.008. Faktor – faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi yaitu level akademik, pengalaman dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal, pelatihan perawatan pasien menjelang ajal. Penelitian menyarankan untuk meneliti faktor lain terkait faktor usia dan budaya yang dapat mempengaruhi sikap mahasiswa dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal.
Kata Kunci: Kurikulum, Mahasiswa, Sikap, Perawatan Paliatif
SCREENING ANTAGONISTIK ACTINOBACTERIA SEBAGAI AGEN BIOKONTROL TERHADAP Ganoderma boninense
Authors: Maritsa Hasnaul , Riany Hesti 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Actinobacteria (Actinomycetes) is a unique group among microbe and prokaryotes. They have both characteristics of fungi and bacteria. Actinobacteria could produce a wide range of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral, anticholesterol, antihelminth, anticancer, and immunosuppressant. It may cause a better combination as a biocontrol agent for plants. This research aimed to investigating potential actinomycetes as biocontrol agents of fungal plant pathogens, especially Ganoderma boninense. The method in this research consists of a few steps. Those are samples collection from soil and water in the primer forest and plantation soil (palm oil), samples isolation, actinobacteria characterization, and evaluation of the antifungal activity. The result has shown that 29 fungal isolates were found in this study. The percent growth inhibition (PGI) of actinobacteria isolates variated from 0-81,58%. And their inhibition mechanisms were antibiosis and competition.
Keywords: actinomycetes, antimicrobial, fungal plant pathogen

ABSTRAK
Actinobacteria (Actinomycetes) adalah kelompok unik dari kelompok mikroba dan prokariota. Actinobacteria memiliki karakteristik jamur dan bakteri dan dapat menghasilkan berbagai metabolit sekunder seperti antibiotik, antijamur, antiprotozoal, antivirus, antikolesterol, antihelminth, antikanker, serta imunosupresan. Kemampuanya ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk campuran pada agen biokontrol tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi aktinomisetes sebagai agen biokontrol jamur patogen tanaman, khususnya Ganoderma boninense. Metode dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa langkah, yaitu pengambilan sampel dari tanah dan air di hutan primer dan tanah perkebunan (kelapa sawit), isolasi sampel, karakterisasi aktinobakteri, dan evaluasi aktivitas antijamur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 29 isolat jamur yang ditemukan. Persentase hambatan pertumbuhan (PGI) isolat aktinobakteri bervariasi antara 0-81,58%. Dan mekanisme penghambatannya adalah antibiosis dan kompetisi.
Kata kunci: actinomycetes, antimikroba, jamur patogen tanaman