bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stretch tolerance and elastic passive reaction of the quadriceps femoris seem to depend more on the fascia profundis taut surfaces than on the underlying stretched muscle
Authors: Germain Franck , Perrin Raphael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe rectus femoris and its covering, the fascia lata (i.e., fascia profundis), are two anatomical structures involved in anterior thigh stretching. This study aimed to identify the role of strain changes in the fascia lata in limiting stretch tolerance. The reaction force intensity of 11 men and 5 women was assessed during passive stretching of the anterior thigh at 130, 110, 90, and 70° of knee flexion. Recent data suggest that the fascia lata strain field is modified with knee flexion. Therefore, the relationship between knee flexion angle and stretch tolerance was assessed. We found that the reaction force of the anterior thigh increased almost linearly with the degree of knee extension between 130° and 70°. The fascia lata stretched surface proprioceptive information seems responsible for stretch tolerance. Fascia profundis strain field must be considered during stretching experiments.
Medical students' perception of their ‘distance travelled’ in medical school applications
Authors: Ellsworth Brandon L. , Solano Quintin P. , Evans Julie , Bidwell Serena S. , Byrnes Mary , Sandhu Gurjit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionWithin medical school's holistic review of applicants includes a review of their distance travelled to get to this point in their education. The AAMC defines distance travelled (DT) as, ‘any obstacles or hardships you've overcome to get to this point in your education or any life challenges you've faced and conquered’. What medical students consider as their distance travelled has not been explored. The authors sought to identify the factors medical students perceive are important for medical school admissions to consider when assessing someone's ‘distance travelled’ by asking current medical students to share their DT experiences along with the barriers and facilitators they encountered on their medical school journey.MethodsThe authors conducted semi‐structured interviews with US medical students through purposeful sampling methods. The social‐ecological model framework was used to develop questions to elicit participants' experiences that contributed to their distance travelled. Interviews were conducted in 2021 and ranged from 60–75 minutes. Transcribed interviews were qualitatively analysed using interpretive description.ResultsA total of 31 medical students from seven medical schools were included in the study. Overall, participants defined distance travelled as an applicant's hardships (e.g. being the primary caregiver for a family member) and privileges (e.g. having physician parents) they experienced. Three major themes were identified: (1) individual‐level characteristics and factors, (2) interpersonal relationships and (3) aspects of the participants' community and society.DiscussionOur findings show that medical school applicants considered DT to be a valuable component of a holistic medical school admission process. Participants' experiences of DT were varied and complex. Our research suggests that admissions teams for medical schools should incorporate more comprehensive recruitment practices and inclusive methodological frameworks to accurately capture the diversity of identities and experiences of medical school applicants and to consider the factors that shape their journey to medical schools.
Success rate of sialendoscopy. A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Beumer L. J. , Vissink A. , Gareb B. , Spijkervet F. K. L. , Delli K. , van der Meij E. H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the efficacy and safety of sialendoscopy in the treatment of obstructive diseases of the major salivary glands.Materials and MethodsWe searched four databases for literature. The primary outcome assessed was the success rate. Secondary outcomes included the use of supportive devices, number of sialadenectomies and complications. Risk of bias was assessed. Meta‐analyses with subgroup analysis were performed.ResultsIn total, 91 studies were included, comprising 8218 patients undergoing 9043 sialendoscopic procedures. The majority of studies had a medium or high risk of bias. The incidence of sialadenectomy varied from 0% to 14%. No major complications were reported. Meta‐analysis revealed a weighted pooled success rate of 80.9%. Subgroup analyses showed the weighted pooled success rate in patients with sialoliths (89.6%), stenoses (56.3%), submandibular glands (88.3%), parotid glands (81.2%), patients treated by an endoscopic‐assisted transoral removal of a sialolith (86.3%), patients treated by a combined approach of the parotid gland (78.2%), patients with JRP (67.0%) and with RAIS (45.8%).ConclusionThe success rate of sialendoscopy did not considerably change in the last 9 years. Sialendoscopy is an efficient and safe procedure for the treatment of major salivary gland obstructive disease.
Assessment of the quality of oral biopsy procedure videos shared on YouTube
Authors: Díaz‐Rodríguez A. , Limeres‐Posse J. , Albuquerque R. , Brailo V. , Cook R. , Fricain J. C. , Lodi G. , Monteiro L. , Silva L. , Carey B. , Diniz‐Freitas M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the quality of free‐to‐access videos on oral biopsy procedures on the YouTube platform.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a search on YouTube using the term “oral biopsy” and selected the first 100 videos in order of relevance. The following exclusion criteria were applied: language other than English, videos that did not cover oral biopsy techniques, videos on nonhuman specimens, postoperative instructions, personal experiences, exfoliative cytology, or “brush biopsy.” Forty‐seven selected videos were classified based on their duration, country of origin, date of upload to the system, author, information source and number of views, and likes and dislikes. Video quality was analyzed using DISCERN, the Global Quality Scale (GQS), and the Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI).ResultsThe majority (78.7%) of analyzed videos were uploaded by dentists, originating from India (48.9%), with a mean duration of 11.8 min (SD, 20.4), with 104.5 likes (SD, 186.4) and 7.1 dislikes (SD, 10.55). The mean values for DISCERN, GQS, and VIQI were 1.3 (SD, 0.52), 2.1 (SD, 1.04), and 9.62 (SD, 1.69), respectively.ConclusionThe majority of videos on oral biopsy published on YouTube are of low quality.
Transvenous lead extraction versus surgical lead extraction or conservative treatment for cardiac implantable electronic device infections: Propensity score‐weighted analyses of a nationwide claim‐based database
Authors: Wada Mitsuru , Inoue Yuko Y. , Nakai Michikazu , Sumita Yoko , Tonegawa‐Kuji Reina , Miyazaki Yuichiro , Wakamiya Akinori , Shimamoto Keiko , Ueda Nobuhiko , Nakajima Kenzaburo , Kamakura Tsukasa , Yamagata Kenichiro , Ishibashi Kohei , Miyamoto Koji , Nagase Satoshi , Aiba Takeshi , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Kusano Kengo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionInfection is one of the most important complications associated with cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) therapy. The number of reports comparing the outcomes of transvenous lead extraction (TLE), surgical lead extraction, and conservative treatment for CIED infections using a real‐world database is limited. This study investigated the association between the treatment strategies for CIED infections and their outcomes.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 3605 patients with CIED infections admitted to 681 hospitals using a nationwide claim‐based database collected between April 2012 and March 2018.ResultsWe divided the 3605 patients into TLE (n = 938 [26%]), surgical lead extraction (n = 182 [5.0%]), and conservative treatment (n = 2485 [69%]) groups. TLE was performed more frequently in younger patients and at larger hospitals (p for trend < .001 for both). The rate of TLE increased during the study period, whereas that of surgical lead extraction decreased (p for trend < .001 for both). TLE was associated with lower in‐hospital mortality (vs. surgical lead extraction: odds ratio [OR], 0.20; 95% CI, 0.06–0.70; vs. conservative treatment: OR, 0.45; 95% CI: 0.22–0.94) and lower 30‐day readmission rates (vs. surgical lead extraction: OR, 0.18; 95% CI: 0.06–0.56; vs. conservative treatment: OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.03–0.13) in propensity score‐weighted analyses.ConclusionsOnly 26% of patients hospitalized for CIED infections received TLE. TLE was associated with significantly lower in‐hospital mortality and 30‐day recurrence rates than surgical lead extraction and conservative treatment, suggesting that TLE should be more widely recommended as a first‐line treatment for CIED infections.
Meta‐analysis of the genetics of resistance to Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol accumulation in barley and considerations for breeding
Authors: Sallam Ahmad H. , Haas Matthew , Huang Yadong , Tandukar Zenith , Muehlbauer Gary , Smith Kevin P. , Steffenson Brian J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB) or scab is a devastating disease of barley that severely reduces the yield and quality of the grain. Additionally, mycotoxins produced by the causal Fusarium species can contaminate harvested grain, resulting in food safety concerns and further economic losses. In the Upper Midwest region of the United States, Fusarium graminearum is the primary causal agent, and deoxynivalenol (DON) is the main mycotoxin associated with Fusarium infection. Deployment of resistant cultivars is an important component of an integrated strategy to manage this disease. Unfortunately, few good sources of FHB resistance have been identified from the evaluation of large collections of Hordeum germplasm. Over the past 25 years, many barley mapping populations have been developed with selected resistance sources to identify the number, chromosomal position and allelic effect of quantitative trait loci (QTL) contributing to FHB resistance and DON accumulation. To consolidate the genetic data generated from 14 mapping studies that included 22 bi‐ or tri‐parental mapping populations and three genome‐wide association (GWAS) mapping panels, a consensus map was constructed that includes 4145 SNP, SSR, RFLP and AFLP markers. A meta‐analysis based on this consensus map revealed 96 QTL for FHB resistance and 57 for DON accumulation scattered across the barley genome. Many of the QTL explained a low percentage (<10%) of variation for the traits and were often found significant in only one or a few environments in multi‐year/multi‐location field trials. Moreover, many of the FHB/DON QTL mapped to chromosomal positions coincided with various agro‐morphological traits that could influence the level of disease (e.g. heading date, height, spike density, and spike angle), raising the important question of whether the former are true resistance factors or are simply the result of pleiotropy with the latter. Considering the magnitude of effect, consistency of detection across environments and independence from agro‐morphological traits, only three of 96 QTL for FHB and five of 57 QTL for DON were considered priority targets for marker‐assisted selection (MAS). In spite of the challenge for having a limited number of useful QTL for breeding, genomic selection holds promise for increasing the efficiency of developing FHB‐resistant barley cultivars, an essential component of the overall management strategy for the disease.
Next generation sequencing aids diagnosis and management in a case of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis
Authors: Barry Kelly K. , Liang Marilyn G. , Balkin Daniel M. , Srivastava Siddharth , Church Alanna J. , Eng Whitney 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEncephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder caused by somatic FGFR1 and KRAS variants. It shares significant phenotypic overlap with several closely related disorders caused by mutations in the RAS‐MAPK pathway (mosaic RASopathies). We report a diagnostically challenging case of ECCL in which next‐generation sequencing of affected tissue identified a pathologic FGFR1 p.K656E variant, thereby establishing a molecular diagnosis. Patients with FGFR1‐associated ECCL carry a risk of developing malignant brain tumors; thus, genetic testing of patients with suspected ECCL has important management implications.
Partner’s emotions are associated with preschoolers’ prefrontal activation under joint attention: An fNIRS evidence
Authors: Ding Keya , Li Chuanjiang , Li Yanwei , Li Hui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEmotions and joint attention are highly associated and mutually influenced during preschool, the critical period for early emotional and cognitive development. However, few studies have explored the neuropsychological mechanism of joint attention with preschoolers and their partners under different emotions. This study has examined the prefrontal activation under a comprehensive emotional joint attention task in 45 preschoolers (25 boys, Mage = 58 ± 9.02 months) to compare the different influences of partners' positive, neutral, and negative emotions. Analysis of the functional near‐infrared spectroscopy data indicated that the participants' prefrontal activation triggered by joint attention in positive and negative emotions was significantly higher than in neutral emotions. Moreover, their brain synchronization intensity was significantly higher in positive emotions of joint attention than in negative emotions. These findings advance our understanding of the neural mechanism of early childhood emotional processing under joint attention and provide a neural perspective to explain the effects of different emotions on preschoolers' social cognition.
Is inflation uncertainty a self‐fulfilling prophecy in South Africa?
Authors: van der Westhuizen Chevaughn , van Eyden Reneé , Aye Goodness C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInflation uncertainty causes macroeconomic ills and instability in the economy. This paper investigates if rising levels of inflation uncertainty serve as a source of higher inflation outcomes or vice versa, to determine if inflation uncertainty is potentially a self‐fulfilling prophecy. In addition, this paper examines the impact of inflation targeting, implemented in South Africa in February 2000, on the level of inflation and inflation uncertainty. Using a generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and GARCH‐in‐mean model and monthly data spanning the period 1970:01 to 2022:05, the empirical outcomes from this study suggest the existence of a bi‐directional relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty, with strong evidence in favour of the Friedman–Ball hypothesis and weaker evidence in support of the Cukierman–Meltzer hypothesis. This study also finds that inflation targeting has contributed significantly to reducing the level of inflation and inflation uncertainty since its adoption as policy framework. Time‐varying Granger causality tests accounting for instabilities underscore the above results, namely that inflation uncertainty led to increased inflation uncertainty in the full pre‐inflation targeting period, whereas increased uncertainty led to increased inflation only during the decade preceding inflation targeting. The results heed important policy implications, as it is imperative that inflation is kept low, stable and predictable.
Natural variation in Brachypodium distachyon responses to combined abiotic stresses
Authors: Ludwig Ella , Sumner Joshua , Berry Jeffrey , Polydore Seth , Ficor Tracy , Agnew Erica , Haines Kristina , Greenham Kathleen , Fahlgren Noah , Mockler Todd C. , Gehan Malia A. 
Published: July 2023

SUMMARYThe demand for agricultural production is becoming more challenging as climate change increases global temperature and the frequency of extreme weather events. This study examines the phenotypic variation of 149 accessions of Brachypodium distachyon under drought, heat, and the combination of stresses. Heat alone causes the largest amounts of tissue damage while the combination of stresses causes the largest decrease in biomass compared to other treatments. Notably, Bd21‐0, the reference line for B. distachyon, did not have robust growth under stress conditions, especially the heat and combined drought and heat treatments. The climate of origin was significantly associated with B. distachyon responses to the assessed stress conditions. Additionally, a GWAS found loci associated with changes in plant height and the amount of damaged tissue under stress. Some of these SNPs were closely located to genes known to be involved in responses to abiotic stresses and point to potential causative loci in plant stress response. However, SNPs found to be significantly associated with a response to heat or drought individually are not also significantly associated with the combination of stresses. This, with the phenotypic data, suggests that the effects of these abiotic stresses are not simply additive, and the responses to the combined stresses differ from drought and heat alone.
A randomised, double‐blinded, controlled trial to determine the efficacy of combined therapy of oclacitinib and marine oil extract PCSO‐524 in dogs with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Nishiyama Takeo , Kusakabe Masashi , Imanishi Ichiro , Hisano Tadashi , Fukamachi Teruyasu , Taguchi Norihito , Iyori Keita , Hsiao Yun‐Hsia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can be beneficial in the management of canine atopic dermatitis (cAD). A commercial product PCSO‐524 containing PUFA has demonstrated anti‐inflammatory effects in dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of PCSO‐524, in combination with oclacitinib in dogs with cAD.AnimalsSeventeen client‐owned dogs with cAD.Materials and MethodsA randomised, double‐blinded, controlled trial. All dogs were treated with oclacitinib (0.4–0.6 mg/kg) twice a day for 14 days, then once a day until Day (D)42. They were randomly divided into two groups: PCSO‐524 (n = 9) and sunflower oil (n = 8). Clinical status was assessed by Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration (CADESI‐04) and pruritus Visual Analog Scale (pVAS) at baseline (D0), D14, D28 and D42. Trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured at the same time points.ResultsCADESI scores decreased significantly after treatment and there was a significant difference between the PCSO‐524 and the control group at D28 (p = 0.04) and D42 (p = 0.03). The PCSO‐524 group also demonstrated a significantly decreased pVAS on D28 and D42 (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001) compared to D0, while significant differences were observed in the control group at D14 and D28 (p < 0.01 and p = 0.04) and not at D42 (p = 0.12). The mean TEWL showed a significant decrease at D28 and D42 in the PCSO‐524 group, compared to the control group (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001).Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe combination of PCSO‐524 and oclacitinib may help to alleviate the rebound effect that occurs when tapering down the dosage of oclacitinib, as compared to using oclacitinib alone for the management of cAD.
Ultrasonographic appearance of retained surgical sponges and gauzes in the acute postoperative period: a phantom and cadaveric study
Authors: Brand Emily M. , Brand Kenneth J. , Ogden Jessica A. , Lim Chee Kin , Heng Hock Gan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRetained surgical sponges or gauzes (RSS) are an uncommon complication of exploratory laparotomy surgery and pose a clinically significant risk to the patient. The purpose of this two‐part, prospective, descriptive study was to describe the previously uncharacterized ultrasonographic appearance of RSS in phantom and cadaveric models of the acute postoperative period (24–48 h). For the first part of the study, a gelatin phantom containing a woven gauze with a radiopaque marker (radiopaque gauze), a woven gauze with no marker (nonradiopaque gauze), and a laparotomy sponge with a radiopaque marker (radiopaque sponge) was evaluated with ultrasonography. For the second part of the study, a total of 23 gauzes and sponges (of the aforementioned three types) were placed within the peritoneal cavity of 20 cadavers in one of three randomized locations during an exploratory laparotomy laboratory. The cadavers were imaged with ultrasonography 17 h later and still images and video clips were reviewed. The retained surgical sponges and gauzes in the gelatin phantom displayed multiple hyperechoic layers and variable degrees of distal acoustic shadowing. In cadavers, 100% (23/23) of the retained surgical sponges and gauzes displayed a single hyperechoic layer of variable thickness and distal acoustic shadowing. In 95.6% (22/23) retained sponges and gauzes, there was a thin hypoechoic layer noted superficially to the hyperechoic layer. An improved understanding of the ultrasonographic appearance of retained sponges or gauzes in the acute postoperative period may assist in the identification of these objects.
Printability Prediction in Projection Two-Photon Lithography Via Machine Learning Based Surrogate Modeling of Photopolymerization
Authors: Pingali Rushil , Saha Sourabh K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Two-photon lithography (TPL) is a direct laser writing process that enables the fabrication of cm-scale complex three-dimensional polymeric structures with submicrometer resolution. In contrast to the slow and serial writing scheme of conventional TPL, projection TPL (P-TPL) enables rapid printing of entire layers at once. However, process prediction remains a significant challenge in P-TPL due to the lack of computationally efficient models. In this work, we present machine learning-based surrogate models to predict the outcomes of P-TPL to &gt;98% of the accuracy of a physics-based reaction-diffusion finite element simulation. A classification neural network was trained using data generated from the physics-based simulations. This enabled us to achieve computationally efficient and accurate prediction of whether a set of printing conditions will result in precise and controllable polymerization and the desired printing versus no printing or runaway polymerization. We interrogate this surrogate model to investigate the parameter regimes that are promising for successful printing. We predict combinations of photoresist reaction rate constants that are necessary to print for a given set of processing conditions, thereby generating a set of printability maps. The surrogate models reduced the computational time that is required to generate these maps from more than 10 months to less than a second. Thus, these models can enable rapid and informed selection of photoresists and printing parameters during process control and optimization.
Draft genome sequence of
Pelosinus
sp. IPA-1, a bacterium isolated from arsenic-contaminated soil in Japan
Authors: Kuroda Masashi , Yamamura Shigeki , Nakajima Nobuyoshi , Amachi Seigo 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Pelosinus
sp. strain IPA-1 is a bacterium isolated from arsenic-contaminated soil in Japan. We here report the draft genome sequence of strain IPA-1.