bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The birth center model of care: Staffing, business characteristics, and core clinical outcomes
Authors: Jolles Diana R. , Niemczyk Nancy , Hoehn Velasco Lauren , Wallace Jacqueline , Wright Jennifer , Stapleton Susan , Flynn Cynthia , Pelletier‐Butler Paula , Versace Autumn , Marcelle Ebony , Thornton Patrick , Bauer Kate 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesInterest in expanding access to the birth center model is growing. The purpose of this research is to describe birth center staffing models and business characteristics and explore relationships to perinatal outcomes.MethodsThis descriptive analysis includes a convenience sample of all 84 birth center sites that participated in the AABC Site Survey and AABC Perinatal Data Registry between 2012 and 2020. Selected independent variables include staffing model (CNM/CM or CPM/LM), legal entity status, birth volume/year, and hours of midwifery call/week. Perinatal outcomes include rates of induction of labor, cesarean birth, exclusive breastfeeding, birthweight in pounds, low APGAR scores, and neonatal intensive care admission.ResultsThe birth center model of care is demonstrated to be safe and effective, across a variety of staffing and business models. Outcomes for both CNM/CM and CPM/LM models of care exceed national benchmarks for perinatal quality with low induction, cesarean, NICU admission, and high rates of breastfeeding. Within the sample of medically low‐risk multiparas, variations in clinical outcomes were correlated with business characteristics of the birth center, specifically annual birth volume. Increased induction of labor and cesarean birth, with decreased success breastfeeding, were present within practices characterized as high volume (>200 births/year). The research demonstrates decreased access to the birth center model of care for Black and Hispanic populations.Conclusions for PracticeBetween 2012 and 2020, 84 birth centers across the United States engaged in 90,580 episodes of perinatal care. Continued policy development is necessary to provide risk‐appropriate care for populations of healthy, medically low‐risk consumers.
Longitudinal reactions of maxillary sinus in patients treated with multiple zygomatic implants: A modified radiographic evaluation with clinical follow‐up
Authors: Jin Shufang , Ma Hailong , Ling Xiaowan , Tao Baoxin , Wang Feng , Wu Yiqun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the effects of zygomatic implant placement on the maxillary sinus using radiographic and clinical indicators.MethodsPatients with an atrophic maxilla who underwent zygomatic implant placement were included. The thickness and morphology of the Schneiderian membrane (SM), infundibular obstruction, and posterior bone wall of the maxillary sinus were analyzed. The generalized estimating equation and chi‐square tests were performed to compare the measurements.ResultsFifty patients with 100 maxillary sinuses were included. In total, 148 zygomatic implants and 105 regular implants were placed in the maxilla. Overall, the mean pre‐ and postoperative SM thickness was 2.79 ± 3.26 mm and 3.97 ± 5.45 mm, respectively (p = 0.063). In sinuses with two zygomatic implants, the SM thickness increased significantly from 2.12 ± 2.14 mm preoperatively to 4.07 ± 6.14 mm postoperatively (p = 0.026). The number of sinuses with type IV morphology (fully radiopaque) increased from zero preoperatively to six (13%) postoperatively. Sinuses with a single zygomatic implant showed no difference in the pre‐ and postoperative SM thickness. Postoperatively, six sinuses had infundibulum obstructions. Postoperative osteitis of the bilateral sinuses was found in two patients.ConclusionsWe have proposed a new imaging evaluation method and system for evaluating the maxillary sinus response. Preoperative infundibulum obstruction combined with mucosal thickening and double zygomatic implant placement are more likely to induce postoperative maxillary sinus mucositis and osteitis.
The potential role of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Li Hangzhen , Zeng Fancai , Huang Cancan , Pu Qiqi , Thomas Elizabeth Rosalind , Chen Yan , Li Xiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurpose of ReviewParkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which can cause progressive deterioration of motor function causing muscle stiffness, tremor, and bradykinesia. In this review, we hope to describe approaches that can improve the life of PD patients through modifications of energy metabolism.Recent FindingsThe main pathological features of PD are the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and the production of Lewy bodies. Abnormal aggregation of α‐synuclein (α‐Syn) leading to the formation of Lewy bodies is closely associated with neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. The main causes of PD are said to be mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and abnormal protein aggregation. Presence of abnormal energy metabolism is another cause of PD. Many studies have found significant differences between neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic decompensation, which has become a biological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases.SummaryIn this review, we highlight the relationship between abnormal energy metabolism (Glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism) and PD. Improvement of key molecules in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, and amino acid metabolism (e.g., glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, and levodopa) might be potentially beneficial in PD. Some of these metabolic indicators may serve well during the diagnosis of PD. In addition, modulation of these metabolic pathways may be a potential target for the treatment and prevention of PD.
Design and validation of pictograms and educational video clips to improve the knowledge of skin care and protection: Comprehension and recall among professional hospital cleaners
Authors: Sedeh Farnam B. , Michaelsdóttir Thórunn E. , Mortensen Ole S. , Jemec Gregor E. , Ibler Kristina S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionInsufficient knowledge about protection and care of the skin among Danish hospital cleaners, particularly immigrant cleaners, is guessed to be a widespread issue that can increase the likelihood of them developing occupational hand eczema (OHE). This study aimed to design and validate 10 pictograms and 10 short video clips showing recommendations for skin care that would help prevent OHE among professional cleaners.MethodsTen pictograms and 10 short, educational video clips, based on standard, recommended information were developed in collaboration with a medical illustrator and a video director. The materials were validated in a two‐step process that included bus drivers (primary validation) and professional cleaners (secondary validation).ResultsDuring the primary validation, 5 of the 10 pictograms (50%) were comprehended correctly by at least 85%. Those that were misinterpreted, were modified and retested several times until they were understood correctly by at least 85%. During the secondary validation, all 10 pictograms achieved acceptable levels of comprehension among professional cleaners. All the video clips were comprehended correctly by both bus drivers and cleaners.ConclusionTen easy‐to‐understand pictograms and 10 educational video clips for cleaners about the prevention of OHE have been designed and validated.
Pelvic floor imaging in asymptomatic subjects
Authors: Hainsworth Alison J. , Premakumar Yaamini S. , Griffin Nyree , Solanki Deepa , Morris Samantha J. , Ferrari Linda , Emmanuel Anton , Taylor Stuart , Schizas Alexis M. P. , Williams Andrew B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to determine the range of normal imaging features during total pelvic floor ultrasound (TPFUS) (transperineal, transvaginal, endovaginal and endoanal) and defaecation MRI (dMRI).MethodTwenty asymptomatic female volunteers (mean age 36.5 years) were prospectively investigated with dMRI and TPFUS. Subjects were screened with symptom questionnaires (ICIQ‐B, St Mark's faecal incontinence score, obstructed defaecation syndrome score, ICIQ‐V, BSAQ). dMRI and TPFUS were performed and interpreted by blinded clinicians according to previously published methods.ResultsThe subjects comprised six parous and 14 nulliparous women, of whom three were postmenopausal. There were three with a rectocoele on both modalities and one with a rectocoele on dMRI only. There was one with intussusception on TPFUS. Two had an enterocoele on both modalities and one on TPFUS only. There were six with a cystocoele on both modalities, one on dMRI only and one on TPFUS only. On dMRI, there were 12 with functional features. Four also displayed functional features on TPFUS. Two displayed functional features on TPFUS only.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the presence of abnormal findings on dMRI and TPFUS without symptoms. There was a high rate of functional features on dMRI. This series is not large enough to redefine normal parameters but is helpful for appreciating the wide range of findings seen in health.
Autoimmunerkrankungen der Haut und SARS‐CoV‐2‐Impfung – eine Metaanalyse
Authors: Hinterseher Julia , Hertl Michael , Didona Dario 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleDas Coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2, welches bei infizierten Patienten die COVID‐19‐Erkrankung auslöst, führte zu einer weltweiten Pandemie. Obwohl die SARS‐CoV‐2‐Impfung einen stark positiven Einfluss auf den Verlauf von COVID‐19 hatte, mehren sich die Hinweise auf Nebenwirkungen nach der SARS‐CoV‐2‐Impfung. Diese Metaanalyse unterstreicht den Zusammenhang zwischen der SARS‐CoV‐2‐Impfung und der Neuentstehung oder Verschlechterung von entzündlichen und autoimmunen Hauterkrankungen.Materialien und MethodikEine systematische Metaanalyse der Literatur über das Neuauftreten oder die Verschlechterung von entzündlichen und autoimmunen Hauterkrankungen nach der SARS‐CoV‐2‐Impfung wurde gemäß den PRISMA‐Richtlinien durchgeführt. Die Suchstrategie umfasste folgende Begriffe: „COVID‐19/SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine bullous pemphigoid/pemphigus vulgaris/systemic lupus erythematosus/dermatomyositis/lichen planus/leukocytoclastic vasculitis“ Außerdem beschreiben wir repräsentative Fälle aus unserer dermatologischen Abteilung.ErgebnisseDie Datenbanksuche in MEDLINE ergab bis zum 30.06.2022 31 Veröffentlichungen über bullöses Pemphigoid, 24 über Pemphigus vulgaris, 65 über systemischen Lupus erythematodes, neun über Dermatomyositis, 30 über Lichen planus und 37 über leukozytoklastische Vaskulitis. Schweregrad und Ansprechen auf die Behandlung waren bei den beschriebenen Fällen unterschiedlich.SchlussfolgerungenUnsere Metaanalyse zeigt einen Zusammenhang zwischen der SARS‐CoV‐2‐Impfung und dem Neuauftreten oder der Verschlechterung von entzündlichen und autoimmunen Hauterkrankungen. Darüber hinaus wurde das Ausmaß der Krankheitsverschlechterung anhand von Fällen aus unserer dermatologischen Abteilung veranschaulicht.
Glucose‐lowering treatment pathways of individuals with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2012 risk classification
Authors: Pollock Carol , Sanchez Juan Jose Garcia , Carrero Juan‐Jesus , Kumar Supriya , Pecoits‐Filho Roberto , Lam Carolyn S. P. , Chen Hungta , Kanda Eiichiro , Lainscak Mitja , Wheeler David C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsTo describe treatment pathways for key glucose‐lowering therapies in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) using retrospective data from DISCOVER CKD (NCT04034992).MethodsData were extracted from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) linked to Hospital Episode Statistics data (2008–2020) and the US integrated Limited Claims and Electronic Health Records Database (LCED; 2012–2019). Eligible individuals were aged ≥18 years with CKD, identified by two consecutive estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measures (15–<75 mL/min/1.73 m2; 90–730 days apart; index date was the second measurement) and T2D. Chronological treatment pathways for glucose‐lowering therapies prescribed on or after CKD index to end of follow‐up were computed. Median time and proportion of overall follow‐up time on treatment were described for each therapy by database and by eGFR and urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR) categories.ResultsOf 36,951 and 4339 eligible individuals in the CPRD and LCED, respectively, median baseline eGFR was 67.8 and 64.9 mL/min/1.73 m2; 64.2 and 63.9% received metformin prior to index; and median (interquartile range) time on metformin during follow‐up was 917 (390–1671) and 454 (192–850) days (accounting for ~75% of follow‐up time in both databases). The frequency of combination treatment increased over time. There were trends towards decreased metformin prescriptions with decreasing eGFR and increasing UACR within each eGFR category.ConclusionsIndividuals with CKD and T2D had many combinations of therapies and substantial follow‐up time on therapy. These results highlight opportunities for improved CKD management.
Growth impact of status seeking behavior: A counter example
Authors: Beladi Hamid , Marjit Sugata , Hati Koushik Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the impact of status seeking behavior on the growth of income. Conventional wisdom suggests that such behavior should stimulate the growth rate. We introduce a general status indicator as an average of relative income and another that reflects relative expenditure on a status good in a simple dynamic model. We show that the conventional approach, which includes only concern for relative income, matters for growth. Otherwise, higher relative expenditure on a status good does not have any additional impact on optimal growth beyond the golden rule. Thus, the accepted wisdom that relative status concern always stimulates incentive for growth is called into question and provides fresh policy perspective.
Impact of fully online flipped classroom on academic achievement in undergraduate dental education: An experimental study
Authors: Karaca Ozan , Çınarcık Buğse Şakı , Aşık Aslı , Sağlam Ceren , Yiğit Yasemin , Hakverdi Gülden , Yetkiner Arzu Aykut , Ersin Nazan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe last two decades have seen a shift towards blended learning in education due to technological advancements. This study focuses on dental education, comparing two blended learning models ‐enriched virtual and fully online flipped classroom ‐ in terms of academic achievement, aligning with the Association for Dental Education in Europe's competencies.Materials and MethodsThe research was modelled in a quantitative design with a pre–post‐test control group experimental design. The study was conducted at Ege University Faculty of Dentistry in Turkey for 4 weeks with the experimental (n = 44) and control (n = 39) groups divided into two groups by impartial assignment. To the experimental group, the theoretical part of the course was tried to be conveyed before each lesson with video lessons prepared with EdPuzzle containing reinforcement questions and a question set consisting of case questions. The practical learning objectives of the course were tried to be gained through the discussion of the previously presented case questions in the online synchronous course. As tools for collecting data, a unique academic achievement test, a course evaluation form and a semi‐structured qualitative data collection form were used.ResultsIt was seen that the flipped classroom model had a more positive effect on students' academic achievement than the enriched virtual classroom model. The general satisfaction levels of the participants regarding these two models are also higher in favour of the flipped classroom model.ConclusionThis study provides significant findings for educational institutions, policymakers and educators about the impact of fully online teaching methods on academic achievement. In this context, the flipped classroom method can be preferred both in cases where education is blocked and in dental education institutions that want to ensure digital transformation efficiently and partially remotely.
De novo CLPTM1 variants with reduced GABAAR current response in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Liu Nana , Li Jinliang , Gao Kai , Perszyk Riley E. , Zhang Jing , Wang Jingmin , Wu Ye , Jenkins Andrew , Yuan Hongjie , Traynelis Stephen F. , Jiang Yuwu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and potential pathogenesis mechanism of de novo CLPTM1 variants associated with epilepsy.MethodsIdentify de novo genetic variants associated with epilepsy by reanalyzing trio‐based whole‐exome sequencing data. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with these variants and performed functional in vitro studies in cells expressing mutant complementary DNA for these variants using whole‐cell voltage‐clamp current recordings and outside‐out patch‐clamp recordings from transiently transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells.ResultsTwo de novo missense variants related to epilepsy were identified in the CLPTM1 gene. Functional studies indicated that CLPTM1‐p.R454H and CLPTM1‐p.R568Q variants reduced the γ‐aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAAR) current response amplitude recorded under voltage clamp compared to the wild‐type receptors. These variants also reduced the charge transfer and altered the time course of desensitization and deactivation following rapid removal of GABA. The surface expression of the GABAAR γ2 subunit from the CLPTM1‐p.R568Q group was significantly reduced compared to CLPTM1‐WT.SignificanceThis is the first report of functionally relevant variants within the CLPTM1 gene. Patch‐clamp recordings showed that these de novo CLPTM1 variants reduce GABAAR currents and charge transfer, which should promote excitation and hypersynchronous activity. This study may provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of the CLPTM1 variants underlying the patients’ phenotypes, as well as for exploring potential therapeutic targets for epilepsy.
Caregiver perceptions and experiences surrounding employment of their adult‐aged children on the autism spectrum
Authors: Wilson Kaitlyn P. , Marsack‐Topolewski Christina , Smith Dionne , Knollman Gregory 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore and describe the experiences and perspectives of familial caregivers as active participants in the employment processes of their adult‐aged children on the autism spectrum.BackgroundMany adults on the autism spectrum experience barriers to meaningful and lasting employment. Caregivers are often highly involved in their adult children's employment process; however, caregiver experiences are largely absent from the literature on employment for adults on the autism spectrum.MethodThis study used semistructured interviews to examine 51 caregivers' experiences and perceptions related to their adult children's employment process. Themes were derived using a phenomenological approach.ResultsBroad themes that emerged were (a) motivation for employment and independence, (b) variability of job training experiences, and (c) negative experiences surrounding employment. Additional subthemes are identified with representative quotations.ConclusionFindings suggest that caregivers play a key role in the employment process for many adults on the autism spectrum and that their experiences include positive feelings of support and motivation, as well as negative perceptions and interactions.ImplicationsUnderstanding caregivers' experiences offers practitioners and policymakers insight into the needs of the families of individuals on the autism spectrum through a family system perspective. The results of this study have implications for policy and practice related to transition‐ and employment‐related training and supports.
Investigating effective yield surface of porous metals exhibit different hardening behaviors by cell models with randomly distributed spherical voids
Authors: Zhang Tairui , Lu Kai , Shang Xiandong , Xie Mingjiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the development of effective yield surface of porous metals, which is characterized with the two constitutive parameters (i.e., q1 and q2) in the widely used Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) model. It was found that the influence of q1 and q2 on the mechanical responses may be masked by adjusting the two failure parameters (fc and fF), yielding a set of GTN parameters deviated from the actual situation and leading to the errors in failure predictions. Therefore, the two constitutive parameters should be carefully calibrated according to the hardening behavior of matrix. Further investigations on the void density and distributions proved that cubic cells containing 100 randomly distributed non‐intersecting spherical voids are sufficient in characterizing the homogenization. On this basis, effective yield surface of porous metals with a wide range of void volume fractions (from 0.4% to 20%) was investigated, and a correlation between the constitutive parameters and the power‐law hardening behavior of matrix was established. Finally, experimental verifications were conducted on low alloy steel SA508, indicating the q1 and q2 from this study can yield more accurate mechanical response predictions then the previously suggested values.
Water level drawdown makes boreal peatland vegetation more responsive to weather conditions
Authors: Köster Egle , Chapman Jack P. B. , Barel Janna M. , Korrensalo Aino , Laine Anna M. , Vasander Harri T. , Tuittila Eeva‐Stiina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractClimate warming and projected increase in summer droughts puts northern peatlands under pressure by subjecting them to a combination of gradual drying and extreme weather events. The combined effect of those on peatland functions is poorly known. Here, we studied the impact of long‐term water level drawdown (WLD) and contrasting weather conditions on leaf phenology and biomass production of ground level vegetation in boreal peatlands. Data were collected during two contrasting growing seasons from a WLD experiment including a rich and a poor fen and an ombrotrophic bog. Results showed that WLD had a strong effect on both leaf area development and biomass production, and these responses differed between peatland types. In the poor fen and the bog, WLD increased plant growth, while in the rich fen, WLD reduced the growth of ground level vegetation. Plant groups differed in their response, as WLD reduced the growth of graminoids, while shrubs and tree seedlings benefited from it. In addition, the vegetation adjusted to the lower WTs, was more responsive to short‐term climatic variations. The warmer summer resulted in a greater maximum and earlier peaking of leaf area index, and greater biomass production by vascular plants and Sphagnum mosses at WLD sites. In particular, graminoids benefitted from the warmer conditions. The change towards greater production in the WLD sites in general and during the warmer weather in particular, was related to the observed transition in plant functional type composition towards arboreal vegetation.