bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular evolution of patristacin genes in teleosts based on the genome survey
Authors: Nakano Yuko , Nagasawa Tatsuki , Okazawa Yohei , Mashiko Naoya , Yasumasu Shigeki , Kawaguchi Mari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDuring the evolution of astacin metalloprotease family genes, gene duplication occurred, especially in the lineage of teleosts, in which several types of astacins containing six conserved cysteines (c6ast) emerged. One of them is patristacin, originally found in syngnathid fishes, such as pipefishes and seahorses. Patristacin is expressed in the brood pouch and is present on the same chromosome as other c6ast (pactacin and nephrosin) genes. We first surveyed all the genes from 33 teleost species using a genome database, and characterized the genes by phylogenetic analysis. Pactacin and nephrosin gene homologs were found from all the examined species with only few exceptions, while patristacin gene homologs were found from only several lineages. The patristacin gene homologs were found as multicopy genes in most species of Percomorpha, one of the diverged groups in teleosts. Further diversification of the gene occurred during the evolution of Atherinomorphae, one of the groups in Percomorpha. Fishes of Atherinomorphae possess two types of patristacin, belonging to subclades 1 and 2. Among the Atherinomorpha, we chose the southern platyfish to examine the patristacin gene expression. Platyfish possess eight patristacin gene homologs, called XmPastn1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, and 11. Of these genes, only XmPastn2 belongs to subclade 1, while the other seven belong to subclade 2. Only XmPastn2 showed strong expression in several organs of adult platyfish, as observed in reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction of RNA extracts. Cells expressing XmPastn2 were predominantly mucus‐secreting cells found in epidermis around the jaw, as revealed by in‐situ hybridization. This result suggests that XmPastn2 is secreted and may contribute to mucus formation or secretion.
Entrustment decision‐making in genetic counseling supervision: Exploring supervisor and student perspectives to enhance training practices
Authors: Lenhart Kelsey , Yashar Beverly M. , Sandhu Gurjit , Marvin Monica 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEntrustment decisions are an essential part of genetic counseling supervision and have the potential to influence a student's progression toward autonomy. However, there is often uncertainty among supervisors regarding how and when to make these decisions and very few studies have examined the impact of these decisions on students. This study utilized a mixed methods approach including surveys of genetic counseling supervisors (n = 76) and students (n = 86) as well as qualitative interviews with genetic counseling supervisors (n = 20) and students (n = 20) that explored factors that influence the entrustment decisions of genetic counseling supervisors and their effect on genetic counseling students. Genetic counseling supervisors and students were recruited from various organizations across the United States and Canada and represented a range of geographic regions, hospital systems, and genetic counseling programs. A hybrid process of deductive and inductive coding and thematic analysis was used to evaluate and interpret transcripts from the supervisor and student interviews. All participants identified advantages of increased autonomy during training. However, many supervisors reported low entrustment, seldom allowing students to complete unsupervised sessions or supervised cases without interruption. Entrustment decisions were heavily influenced by student ability and confidence, as well as patient feedback. Students emphasized the negative impact of decreased entrustment on their confidence and described clear benefits to increased autonomy before, during, and after the genetic counseling appointment. Supervisors identified various barriers to entrustment pertaining to the student, clinical setting, and the patient, whereas students more often emphasized barriers pertaining to themselves. Our results highlight a tension between the clear advantages of increased entrustment and autonomy and various barriers to the provision of these opportunities. Additionally, our data suggest several ways to enhance the supervisor–student relationship and promote additional learning opportunities to support student‐centered supervision.
Relating the independence number and the dissociation number
Authors: Bock Felix , Pardey Johannes , Penso Lucia D. , Rautenbach Dieter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe independence number and the dissociation number of a graph are the largest orders of induced subgraphs of of maximum degree at most 0 and at most 1, respectively. We consider possible improvements of the obvious inequality . For connected cubic graphs distinct from , we show , and describe the rich and interesting structure of the extremal graphs in detail. For bipartite graphs, and, more generally, triangle‐free graphs, we also obtain improvements. For subcubic graphs though, the inequality cannot be improved in general, and we characterize all extremal subcubic graphs.
The roles of critical pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the drive of cytokine storm during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Qudus Muhammad Suhaib , Tian Mingfu , Sirajuddin Summan , Liu Siyu , Afaq Uzair , Wali Muneeba , Liu Jinbiao , Pan Pan , Luo Zhen , Zhang Qiwei , Yang Ge , Wan Pin , Li Yongkui , Wu Jianguo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn patients with severe COVID‐19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and even mortality can result from cytokine storm, which is a hyperinflammatory medical condition caused by the excessive and uncontrolled release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. High levels of numerous crucial pro‐inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), IL‐2, IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interferon (IFN)‐γ, IFN‐induced protein 10 kDa, granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, and IL‐10 and so on, have been found in severe COVID‐19. They participate in cascade amplification pathways of pro‐inflammatory responses through complex inflammatory networks. Here, we review the involvements of these critical inflammatory cytokines in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and discuss their potential roles in triggering or regulating cytokine storm, which can help to understand the pathogenesis of severe COVID‐19. So far, there is rarely effective therapeutic strategy for patients with cytokine storm besides using glucocorticoids, which is proved to result in fatal side effects. Clarifying the roles of key involved cytokines in the complex inflammatory network of cytokine storm will help to develop an ideal therapeutic intervention, such as neutralizing antibody of certain cytokine or inhibitor of some inflammatory signal pathways.
The effects of NF‐κB suppression on the early healing response following intrasynovial tendon repair in a canine model
Authors: Lane Ryan A. , Migotsky Nicole , Havlioglu Necat , Iannucci Leanne E. , Shen Hua , Lake Spencer , Sakiyama‐Elbert Shelly E. , Thomopoulos Stavros , Gelberman Richard H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe highly variable clinical outcomes noted after intrasynovial tendon repair have been associated with an early inflammatory response leading to the development of fibrovascular adhesions. Prior efforts to broadly suppress this inflammatory response have been largely unsuccessful. Recent studies have shown that selective inhibition of IkappaB kinase beta (IKK‐β), an upstream activator of nuclear factor kappa‐light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) signaling, mitigates the early inflammatory response and leads to improved tendon healing outcomes. In the current study, we test the hypothesis that oral treatment with the IKK‐β inhibitor ACHP (2‐amino‐6‐[2‐(cyclopropylmethoxy)‐6‐hydroxyphenyl]‐4‐piperidin‐4‐yl nicotinenitrile an inhibitor) will modulate the postoperative inflammatory response and improve intrasynovial flexor tendon healing. To test this hypothesis, the flexor digitorum profundus tendon of 21 canines was transected and repaired within the intrasynovial region and assessed after 3 and 14 days. Histomorphometry, gene expression analyses, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative polarized light imaging were used to examine ACHP‐mediated changes. ACHP led to reduction in phosphorylated p‐65, indicating that NF‐κB activity was suppressed. ACHP enhanced expression of inflammation‐related genes at 3 days and suppressed expression of these genes at 14 days. Histomorphometry revealed enhanced cellular proliferation and neovascularization in ACHP‐treated tendons compared with time‐matched controls. These findings demonstrate that ACHP effectively suppressed NF‐κB signaling and modulated early inflammation, leading to increased cellular proliferation and neovascularization without stimulating the formation of fibrovascular adhesions. Together, these data suggest that ACHP treatment accelerated the inflammatory and proliferative phases of tendon healing following intrasynovial flexor tendon repair. Clinical Significance: Using a clinically relevant large‐animal model, this study revealed that targeted inhibition of nuclear factor kappa‐light chain enhancer of activated B cells signaling with ACHP provides a new therapeutic strategy for enhancing the repair of sutured intrasynovial tendons.
Biologically‐coupled bisphosphonate chaperones effectively deliver molecules to the site of soft tissue‐bone healing
Authors: Kremen Thomas J. , Shi Brendan Y. , Wu Shannon Y. , Sundberg Oskar , Sriram Varun , Kim Won , Sheyn Dmitriy , Lyons Karen M. , Wang Weiguang , McKenna Charles E. , Nishimura Ichiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTendon injuries are common and often treated surgically, however, current tendon repair healing results in poorly organized fibrotic tissue. While certain growth factors have been reported to improve both the strength and organization of the repaired enthesis, their clinical applicability is severely limited due to a lack of appropriate delivery strategies. In this study, we evaluated a recently developed fluorescent probe, Osteoadsorptive Fluorogenic Sentinel‐3 that is composed of a bone‐targeting bisphosphonate (BP) moiety linked to fluorochrome and quencher molecules joined via a cathepsin K‐sensitive peptide sequence. Using a murine Achilles tendon‐to‐bone repair model, BP‐based and/or Ctsk‐coupled imaging probes were applied either locally or systemically. Fluorescence imaging was used to quantify the resultant signal in vivo. After tendon‐bone repair, animals that received either local or systemic administration of imaging probes demonstrated significantly higher fluorescence signal at the repair site compared to the sham surgery group at all time points (p < 0.001), with signal peaking at 7–10 days after surgery. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of using a novel BP‐based targeting and Ctsk‐activated delivery of molecules to the site of tendon‐to‐bone repair and creates a foundation for further development of this platform as an effective strategy to deliver bioactive molecules to sites of musculoskeletal injury.
Hyaluronic acid sheet transplantation attenuates infrapatellar fat pad fibrosis and pain in a rat arthritis model
Authors: Qu Zhen , Koga Hideyuki , Tsuji Kunikazu , Tang Guo , Yang Yang , Yoshihara Aritoshi , Katakura Mai , Katagiri Hiroki , Miyatake Kazumasa , Nakamura Tomomasa , Sekiya Ichiro , Nakagawa Yusuke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) occurs after knee joint surgery or during knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and causes persistent pain and limited mobility. Previous studies demonstrated that treating IFP fibrosis alleviated pain in animal models. In this study, we examined the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) sheet transplantation on IFP fibrosis and articular cartilage degeneration in a monoiodoacetic acid (MIA) rat arthritis model (95 male rats). Rats received bilateral intra‐articular MIA injections (1.0 mg/30 μL) and underwent surgery 4 days later. HA sheets were transplanted on the right knee of each rat (HA group), with the left knee receiving sham surgery (sham group). Incapacitance tests were performed at multiple time points up to 28 days after MIA injection. Macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical analyzes were performed 14 and 28 days after injection. The concentrations of HA and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) in the synovial fluid were measured using ELISA. Transplantation of HA sheets could alleviate persistent pain 10–28 days after injection. The HA sheets inhibited articular cartilage degeneration at 14 days. Fibrosis and the invasion of calcitonin gene‐related peptide‐positive nerve fiber endings in the IFP were inhibited at both 14 and 28 days. Moreover, the HA sheets remained histologically until 10 days after transplantation. The concentration of HA reached its peak on Day 10 after transplantation; the concentration of IL‐1β in the sham group was significantly higher than that in the HA group on Day 7. Therefore, HA sheets could be a promising option to treat IFP fibrosis occurring in KOA and after knee joint surgery.
Reliable low‐power high‐performance low‐temperature polycrystalline thin‐film transistor technologies in bottom gate‐controlled device architectures for AMOLED displays
Authors: Kim Keunwoo , Sung Bummo , Kim Doona , Kim Sangsub , Kim Hanbit , Shin Jiyeong , Kwak Hyena , Lee Dokyeong , Seol Chanyoub , Choi Sanggun , Lim Jun Hyung , Kang Taewook , Lee Changhee 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a recent process for bottom gate‐controlled low‐temperature polysilicon (LTPS) TFT technologies for reliable low‐power high‐performance AMOLED displays. The experimental and physics‐based analysis leads to the pragmatic device design concept for LTPS TFT performance enhancement. The process integration of bottom (second) gate and top (first) gate metals, controlled by optimal two gates‐based device structures, is explored in conjunction with improved poly crystallization and poly‐Si/gate‐oxide interface by reducing defect density‐of‐state (DOS), especially in the grain boundaries of the channel region. We obtain optimal device performance, such as optimal sub‐threshold slope, high driver current (Ion), and low leakage current (Ioff), in addition to enhanced device reliability characteristics. Numerical device simulations, supplemented by physics‐based analysis, are performed to corroborate experimental results in fabricated TFTs and gain more physical insight into the bottom‐gate LTPS device configuration to enable reliable low‐power high‐performance AMOLED display applications.
Neoadjuvant therapy does not impact the biliary microbiome in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Behrens Shay , Sutton Thomas L. , Patel Ranish , Schwantes Issac R. , O'Grady Jack , Johnson Alicia , Grossberg Aaron , Lopez Charles , Gilbert Erin , Mayo Skye , Sheppard Brett C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) often impinges on the biliary tree and obstruction necessitates stent placement increasing the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs). We sought to explore the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on the biliary microbiome and SSI risk in patients undergoing resection.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 346 patients with PDAC who underwent resection at our institution from 2008 to 2021. Univariate and multivariate methods were utilized for analysis.ResultsBiliary stenting rates were similar between groups but resulted in increased bile culture positivity (97% vs. 15%, p < 0.001). Culture positivity did not differ between upfront resection or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) (77% vs. 80%, p = 0.60). NAC‐alone versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy did not impact biliary positivity (80% vs. 79%, p = 0.91), nor did 5‐fluorouracil versus gemcitabine‐based regimens (73% vs. 85%, p = 0.19). While biliary stenting increased incisional SSI risk (odds ratios [OR]: 3.87, p = 0.001), NAC did not (OR: 0.83, p = 0.54). Upfront resection, NAC, and chemoradiotherapy were not associated with biliary organism‐specific changes or antibiotic resistance patterns.ConclusionsBiliary stenting is the greatest predictor for positive biliary cultures and SSIs in resected PDAC patients. Neither NAC nor radiotherapy impact bile culture positivity, speciation, rates, or antibiotic resistance patterns, and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis should not differ.
Understanding the sense‐making process of visitor experience in the integrated resort setting: Investigating the role of experience‐centric attributes
Authors: Li Kefang , Ji Chunli , He Qiuyue , Rastegar Raymond 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlmost all existing customer experience research has been based on the stimulus‐organism‐response (S‐O‐R) paradigm or the interaction‐based perspective, and very few on the sensemaking theoretical perspective. This study aims to address this gap by developing and testing an integrated conceptual model of customer experience creation based on the sensemaking theory. Focusing on the case of six luxury integrated resorts in Macao, the findings indicate that experience‐centric attributes significantly affect self‐image congruity and sense of place respectively, which in turn are positively and significantly related to subjective well‐being. In addition, both self‐image congruity and sense of place play a mediating role between customer‐centric experience and subjective well‐being.
Ultrafast Laser Microlaryngeal Surgery for In Vivo Subepithelial Void Creation in Canine Vocal Folds
Authors: Andrus Liam , Camli Berk , Mau Ted , Ben‐Yakar Adela 
Published: April 2023

Background/ObjectivesTightly‐focused ultrafast laser pulses (pulse widths of 100 fs–10 ps) provide high peak intensities to produce a spatially confined tissue ablation effect. The creation of sub‐epithelial voids within scarred vocal folds (VFs) via ultrafast laser ablation may help to localize injectable biomaterials to treat VF scarring. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of this technique in an animal model using a custom‐designed endolaryngeal laser surgery probe.MethodsUnilateral VF mucosal injuries were created in two canines. Four months later, ultrashort laser pulses (5 ps pulses at 500 kHz) were delivered via the custom laser probe to create sub‐epithelial voids of ~3 × 3‐mm2 in both healthy and scarred VFs. PEG‐rhodamine was injected into these voids. Ex vivo optical imaging and histology were used to assess void morphology and biomaterial localization.ResultsLarge sub‐epithelial voids were observed in both healthy and scarred VFs immediately following in vivo laser treatment. Two‐photon imaging and histology confirmed ~3‐mm wide subsurface voids in healthy and scarred VFs of canine #2. Biomaterial localization within a void created in the scarred VF of canine #2 was confirmed with fluorescence imaging but was not visualized during follow‐up two‐photon imaging. As an alternative, the biomaterial was injected into the excised VF and could be observed to localize within the void.ConclusionsWe demonstrated sub‐epithelial void formation and the ability to inject biomaterials into voids in a chronic VF scarring model. This proof‐of‐concept study provides preliminary evidence towards the clinical feasibility of such an approach to treating VF scarring using injectable biomaterials.Level of EvidencesN/A Laryngoscope, 133:3042–3048, 2023
Response of phytoplankton to coastal upwelling: The importance of temporal and spatial scales
Authors: Favareto Luciane , Brotas Vanda , Rudorff Natalia , Zacarias Nuno , Tracana Andreia , Lamas Luisa , Nascimento Ângela , Ferreira Afonso , Gomes Mara , Borges Carlos , Palma Carla , Brito Ana C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Western Iberian Coast (WIC) is characterized by a dynamic coastal upwelling system with interactions between oceanographic features and continental river run‐off. The present study investigates the spatio‐temporal variability in the concentrations of Chlorophyll a (Chl a) and turbidity, and their relationships with physical and other biogeochemical properties along the entire coast of Portugal, as well as the response of phytoplankton to coastal upwelling pulses. In situ data were obtained during four oceanographic campaigns conducted in spring (April–May 2019), autumn (October 2018 and 2019), and early spring (February–March 2020). Upwelling conditions were evaluated through an upwelling index and auxiliary data such as sea surface temperature and height. In the WIC, the in situ surface temperature and salinity have a clear spatial pattern, both increasing from North to South. In autumn 2018 the highest temperatures coincided with the weakening of spring–summer upwelling conditions. Overall, high Chl a was associated with lower temperatures and higher dissolved oxygen concentrations (e.g., spring 2019). During spring 2019, an increase in Chl a, especially in the northern area, was associated with previous upwelling conditions. In early spring 2020, ongoing upwelling conditions in the northern area were associated with high turbidity and nutrients close to the shoreline with no immediate biological responses. An increase in Chl a was visible in satellite imagery a few days later. These results highlight the importance of understanding the complexity of coastal processes in the WIC.
Efficacy of non‐ablative 1927‐nm fractional thulium fiber laser for the treatment of Becker's nevus: Intra‐ and interobserver agreement study
Authors: Alajlan Abdulmajeed , Alsuwaidan Sami 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of a 1927‐nm fractional thulium fiber laser treatment for Becker's nevus.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients with Becker's nevus who were treated with a 1927‐nm fractional thulium fiber laser was conducted. Grading for lightening was set quarterly by physician global assessment of the pre‐ and postphotographs (I: <25%; II: 25%–50%; III: 51%–75%; and IV: >75% for marked lightening). Grading validation was exercised using intra‐ and interobserver agreement analysis among 10 dermatologists to determine the percent of agreement and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Grades I and II were classified as treatment failure.ResultsA total of 21 patients were recruited for analysis. The average number of treatment sessions was 2.1 per patient. A total of 13 patients achieved successful outcomes (grades III and IV) while 8 patients experienced treatment failure (grades I and II). Partial recurrence and transient hypopigmentation on adjacent skin were the main adverse effects. Only one patient reported worsening of the nevus. Overall agreement among the raters for the outcomes was graded from “very good” to “excellent,” and the intraclass correlation coefficient, kappa, was 0.8.ConclusionA 1927‐nm fractional thulium fiber laser may be effective to ameliorate the pigment of Becker's nevus and achieve acceptable cosmetic outcomes. However, further studies are required in this area to improve and optimize the results.