bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apoptotic and autophagic cell death induced in cervical cancer cells by a dual specific oncolytic adenovirus
Authors: Li Shanzhi , Li Zhuoxin , Chen Shuang , Zhu Yilong , Li Yiquan , Yin Xunzhe , Li Xiao , Zhu Guangze 
Published: February 2023

Objective
Oncolytic adenoviruses are capable of exerting anticancer effects via a variety of mechanisms, including apoptosis and autophagy. In the present study, the dual-specific antitumor oncolytic adenovirus, Ad-Apoptin-hTERT-E1a (ATV), was used to infect cervical cancer cell lines to test its antitumor effects.

Methods
To explore the use of apoptin in tumor gene therapy, a recombinant adenovirus ATV expressing the apoptin protein was assessed to determine its lethal and growth-inhibitory effects on human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) cells in vitro. Nonapoptotic autophagy of HeLa cells infected with ATV was assessed by examining the cell morphology, development of acidic vesicular organelles and the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) from its cytoplasmic to autophagosomal membrane form. Using gene silencing (knockdown of LC3 and Belin-1), autophagy-associated molecules (e.g. ATG5, ATG12 and ULK1) were monitored by real-time PCR and western blot.

Results
A series of experiments demonstrated that ATV could significantly induce apoptosis and autophagy in cervical cancer cells, and provided evidence that ATV not only induced apoptosis but also autophagy and ATG5, ATG12 and ULK1 related pathways were not entirely dependent on LC3 and Beclin-1.

Conclusion
These results indicate that ATV may have a potential application in tumor gene therapy.
Effect of Gubenyiliu formula II and its disassembled prescriptions on cell autophagy in breast cancer through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Chen Xiaojuan , Jin Guoying , Luo Hong , Zhou Lifei 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
The aim of this study is to reveal the mechanism of Gubenyiliu II (GYII) inhibiting autophagy in breast cancer and the effect of its disassembled prescriptions, Quxie (QX) and Fuzheng (FZ), which cause autophagy difference on tumor growth.

Methods
After a breast cancer in situ tumor model was established, mice were randomly distributed into different groups: model, GYII, QX, FZ and tamoxifen groups, and treated correspondingly. Then, the tumor volumes and weights were monitored. Immunohistochemistry detected the contents of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) in tumor tissues. Furthermore, 4T1 cells were administrated with the 20% contained serum. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were measured using cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays. Electron microscopy and flow cytometry detected autophagy and apoptosis. The content of LC3 was measured by immunofluorescence. Western blot detected the protein levels of LC3, Beclin1, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR in tumor tissues and 4T1 cells.

Results
GYII, QX and FZ treatment significantly reduced the tumor volumes and weights in breast cancer tumor-bearing mice. The cell proliferation, migration and invasion were restrained, and cell apoptosis and autophagy were promoted in GYII, QX and FZ groups. Moreover, GYII, QX and FZ increased the expression of LC3 in 4T1 cells and tumor tissues and decreased the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in tumor tissues. The protein levels of LC3 and Beclin1 were upregulated, and p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR were downregulated in tumor tissues and 4T1 cells of treatment groups.

Conclusions
Our study confirmed that GYII could treat breast cancer by restraining the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-mediated autophagy. While QX focuses on inhibiting tumor growth, FZ acts on inhibiting tumor metastasis.
Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in the treatment for rare primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the liver: a case report
Authors: Deng Linghui , Deng Jianzhong , Wang Yue , Liu Qian , Li Wenjing , Zhu Qi , Gu Xiaoyan , Lu Wenbin , Zhang Hua 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the liver (PMCL) is rare in the hepatic system, with no standard treatment and poor prognosis with a median overall survival of only 120 days. PMCL with immunotherapy has not been reported yet. Here, we present a case of PMCL treated by immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

Methods
A 64-year-old male with PMCL underwent partial right hepatectomy and liver lesion resection on 19 June 2020. Two months later, the chest computed tomography indicated the presence of multiple nodules in both lungs with higher tumor markers. Considering the presence of a tumor metastasis, the patient received four courses of immunotherapy plus mGEMOX chemotherapy from 8 September 2020.

Results
The patient tolerated the combined therapy well, with red moles on the face and chest which were considered as grade 1 reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation. He also had grade 2 thrombocytopenia and leucopenia after the first course of chemotherapy, but no neutropenia, fatigue, vomiting or diarrhea. However, his disease progressed. The patient refused further treatment and died on 20 April 2021. The overall survival time after diagnosis was 301 days.

Conclusion
We describe here the first case report on immunotherapy treatment for PMCL. That suggested immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy may be an option after a hepatic lobectomy for PMCL.
Outcomes and Adverse Effects of Baricitinib Versus Tocilizumab in the Management of Severe COVID-19*
Authors: Peterson Joy H. , Paranjape Neha S. , Grundlingh Nina , Priestley Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives:
The National Institutes of Health and Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines recommend tocilizumab or baricitinib in the management of severe COVID-19. Despite clinical trials on the individual agents, there are no large-scale studies comparing the two agents to guide the selection of one versus the other. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes and adverse effects of baricitinib versus tocilizumab in the management of severe COVID-19.

Design:
Retrospective, observational cohort study.

Setting:
Eleven acute care hospitals in a large health system in Georgia.

Patients:
Adult patients with severe COVID-19 who received at least one dose of either baricitinib or tocilizumab between June 2021 and October 2021.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The key secondary outcome was occurrence rate of adverse effects. A total of 956 patients were identified. The median age was 57 years, and 53% were of male sex. The median body mass index was 33.5, and more than 94% of the population was unvaccinated. Propensity score matching by baseline characteristics resulted in a total of 582 patients, 291 in each group. There was no difference in mortality between the two groups; however, the occurrence rate of adverse effects was significantly higher in the tocilizumab group compared with baricitinib: secondary infections (32% vs 22%; p < 0.01); thrombotic events (24% vs 16%; p < 0.01); and acute liver injury (8% vs 3%; p < 0.01).

Conclusions:
Our propensity score-matched, retrospective, observational study in patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 showed no difference in mortality but significantly fewer adverse effects with baricitinib compared with tocilizumab. Our data suggest that baricitinib may be a better choice when treating patients with severe COVID-19, but additional prospective, randomized trials are needed to help clinicians choose the most optimal drug.
Epidural hydroxyethyl starch ameliorating postdural puncture headache after accidental dural puncture
Authors: Zhou Yin , Geng Zhiyu , Song Linlin , Wang Dongxin 
Published: February 2023

Background:
No convincing modalities have been shown to completely prevent postdural puncture headache (PDPH) after accidental dural puncture (ADP) during obstetric epidural procedures. We aimed to evaluate the role of epidural administration of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in preventing PDPH following ADP, regarding the prophylactic efficacy and side effects.

Methods:
Between January 2019 and February 2021, patients with a recognized ADP during epidural procedures for labor or cesarean delivery were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the prophylactic strategies for the development of PDPH at a single tertiary hospital. The development of PDPH, severity and duration of headache, adverse events associated with prophylactic strategies, and hospital length of stay postpartum were reported.

Results:
A total of 105 patients experiencing ADP received a re-sited epidural catheter. For PDPH prophylaxis, 46 patients solely received epidural analgesia, 25 patients were administered epidural HES on epidural analgesia, and 34 patients received two doses of epidural HES on and after epidural analgesia, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the incidence of PDPH across the groups (epidural analgesia alone, 31 [67.4%]; HES-Epidural analgesia, ten [40.0%]; HES-Epidural analgesia-HES, five [14.7%]; P <0.001). No neurologic deficits, including paresthesias and motor deficits related to prophylactic strategies, were reported from at least 2 months to up to more than 2 years after delivery. An overall backache rate related to HES administration was 10%. The multivariable regression analysis revealed that the HES-Epidural analgesia-HES strategy was significantly associated with reduced risk of PDPH following ADP (OR = 0.030, 95% confidence interval: 0.006–0.143; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The incorporated prophylactic strategy was associated with a great decrease in the risk of PDPH following obstetric ADP. This strategy consisted of re-siting an epidural catheter with continuous epidural analgesia and two doses of epidural HES, respectively, on and after epidural analgesia. The efficacy and safety profiles of this strategy have to be investigated further.
Validation of the Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure risk score for the prediction of 1-year mortality in a Chinese cohort
Authors: Xu Duo , Dong Yanjing , Zhang Bo , Li Li , Jiang Chenyang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
The Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC) risk score was developed in 2013 to predict survival in heart failure (HF) patients. However, it has yet to be validated in a Chinese population. Our study aimed to investigate the ability of the score to predict 1-year mortality in a Chinese population.

Methods:
Consecutive patients with HF were retrospectively selected from the inpatient electronic medical records of the cardiology department in a regional hospital in China. A total integer score was calculated for each enrolled patient based on the value of each risk factor in the MAGGIC scoring system. Each enrolled patient was followed for at least 1 year. The observational endpoint of this study was all-cause mortality. The predictive ability of the MAGGIC score was assessed by comparing observed and predicted mortality within 1 year.

Results:
Between January 2018 and December 2020, a total of 635 patients were included in the study: 57 (9.0%) of whom died within 1 year after discharge. The average age of all patients was 74.6 ± 11.2 years, 264 of them (41.6%) were male, and the average left ventricular ejection fraction was 50.7% ± 13.2%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.840 (95% confidence interval: 0.779, 0.901), which indicated a fair discriminatory ability of the score. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test result (χ
2 = 12.902, degree of freedom = 8, P
= 0.115) indicated that the MAGGIC score had good calibration. The decision curve analysis showed that the MAGGIC score yielded a good clinical net benefit and net reduction in interventions.

Conclusions:
This validation of the MAGGIC score showed that it has a good ability to predict 1-year mortality in Chinese patients with HF after discharge. Due to regional and inter-hospital differences, external validation studies need to be further confirmed in other centers.
Practice of reperfusion in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in China: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China–Acute Coronary Syndrome project
Authors: Yang Yiqian , Hao Yongchen , Liu Jun , Yang Na , Hu Danqing , Sun Zhaoqing , Zhao Dong , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Reperfusion therapy is fundamental for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the details of contemporary practice and factors associated with reperfusion therapy in China are largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore reperfusion practice and its associated factors among hospitalized patients with STEMI in China.

Methods:
Patients with STEMI who were admitted to 159 tertiary hospitals from 30 provinces in China were included in the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China–Acute Coronary Syndrome project from November 2014 to December 2019. The associations of the characteristics of patients and hospitals with reperfusion were examined using hierarchical logistic regression. The associations between therapies and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events were examined with a mixed effects Cox regression model.

Results:
Among the 59,447 patients, 37,485 (63.1%) underwent reperfusion, including 4556 (7.7%) receiving fibrinolysis and 32,929 (55.4%) receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The reperfusion rate varied across geographical regions (48.0%–73.5%). The overall rate increased from 60.0% to 69.7% from 2014 to 2019, mainly due to an increase in primary PCI within 12 h of symptom onset. Timely PCI, but not fibrinolysis alone, was associated with a decreased risk of in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events compared with no reperfusion, with an adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.64 (0.54,0.76) for primary PCI at <12 h, 0.53 (0.37,0.74) for primary PCI at 12 to 24 h, 0.46 (0.25,0.82) for the pharmaco-invasive strategy, and 0.79 (0.54,1.15) for fibrinolysis alone.

Conclusions:
Nationwide quality improvement initiatives should be strengthened to increase the reperfusion rate and reduce inequality in China.

Trial registration:

www.ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02306616
Adjunctive sepsis therapy with aminophylline (STAP): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Ruifang , Liu Huan , Dai Dongmei , Ding Xianfei , Wang Dong , Wang Yan , Shi Xuexiu , Zhang Shuguang , Duan Xiaoguang , Wang Haixu , Luo Yonggang , Liu Shaohua , Han Bing , Zhang Xiaojuan , Fang Yu , Yang Jing , Xu Wangbin , Sun Tongwen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Sepsis is a serious disease caused by infection. Aminophylline has anti-asthma and anti-inflammatory effects. We aimed to explore the safety and effect of aminophylline in sepsis.

Methods:
We conducted a clinical randomized controlled trial involving 100 patients diagnosed with sepsis within 48 h after intensive care unit (ICU) admission in two sites. All patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive standard therapy with or without aminophylline. The primary clinical outcome was all-cause mortality at 28 days.

Results:
From September 27, 2018 to February 12, 2020, we screened 277 septic patients and eventually enrolled 100 patients, with 50 assigned to the aminophylline group and 50 to the usual-care group. At 28 days, 7 of 50 patients (14.0%) in the aminophylline group had died, compared with 16 of 50 (32.0%) in the usual-care group (P = 0.032). Cox regression showed that the aminophylline group had a lower hazard of death (hazard ratio = 0.312, 95% confidence interval: 0.129–0.753). Compared with the usual-care group, patients in the aminophylline group had a longer survival time (P = 0.039 by the log-rank test). The effects of aminophylline on vasopressor dose, oxygenation index, and sequential organ failure assessment score were time-dependent with treatment. There were no significant differences in total hospitalization days, ICU hospitalization days, and rates of serious adverse events (all P > 0.05). No adverse events were observed in the trial.

Conclusions:
Aminophylline as an adjunct therapy could significantly reduce the risk of death and prolong the survival time of patients with sepsis.

Trial registration:
ChiCTR.org.cn, ChiCTR1800019173.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography for differentiating mass-forming pancreatitis from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Jie , Huang Jiayan , Zhang Yonggang , Zeng Keyu , Liao Min , Jiang Zhenpeng , Bao Wuyongga , Lu Qiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Patients with mass-forming pancreatitis (MFP) or pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presented similar clinical symptoms, but required different treatment approaches and had different survival outcomes. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in differentiating MFP from PDAC, and to compare the two modalities.

Methods:
A literature search was performed in the PubMed, EMBASE (Ovid), Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), CNKI, VIP, and WanFang databases to identify original studies published from inception to August 20, 2021. Studies reporting the diagnostic performances of CEUS and CECT for differentiating MFP from PDAC were included. The meta-analysis was performed with Stata 15.0 software. The outcomes included the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (−LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves of CEUS and CECT. Meta-regression was conducted to investigate heterogeneity. Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to indirectly compare the overall diagnostic performance.

Results:
Twenty-six studies with 2115 pancreatic masses were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of CEUS for MFP were 82% (95% confidence interval [CI], 73%–88%; I
2 = 0.00%) and 95% (95% CI, 90%–97%; I
2 = 63.44%), respectively; the overall +LR, −LR, and DOR values were 15.12 (95% CI, 7.61–30.01), 0.19 (95% CI, 0.13–0.29), and 78.91 (95% CI, 30.94–201.27), respectively; and the area under the SROC curve (AUC) was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.87–92). However, the overall sensitivity and specificity of CECT were 81% (95% CI, 75–85%; I
2 = 66.37%) and 94% (95% CI, 90–96%; I
2 = 74.87%); the overall +LR, −LR, and DOR values were 12.91 (95% CI, 7.86–21.20), 0.21 (95% CI, 0.16–0.27), and 62.53 (95% CI, 34.45–113.51), respectively; and, the SROC AUC was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.90–0.94). The overall diagnostic accuracy of CEUS was comparable to that of CECT for the differential diagnosis of MFP and PDAC (relative DOR 1.26, 95% CI [0.42–3.83], P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
CEUS and CECT have comparable diagnostic performance for differentiating MFP from PDAC, and should be considered as mutually complementary diagnostic tools for suspected focal pancreatic lesions.
More than two courses of consolidation therapy pre-transplantation benefits patients with acute myeloid leukemia in the first complete remission who underwent human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling allografts: a multicenter study
Authors: Liu Jing , Wu Depei , Liu Qifa , Chang Yingjun , Xu Yang , Huang Fen , Huang Xiaojun , Wang Yu 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Although the need for consolidation chemotherapy after successful induction therapy is well established in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1), the value of consolidation chemotherapy before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains controversial.

Methods:
We retrospectively compared the effect of the number of pre-transplant consolidation chemotherapies on outcomes of human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling stem cell transplantation (MSDT) for patients with AML in CR1 in multicenters across China. In our study, we analyzed data of 373 AML patients in CR1 from three centers across China.

Results:
With a median follow-up of 969 days, patients with ≥ 3 courses of consolidation chemotherapy had higher probabilities of leukemia-free survival (LFS) (85.6% vs. 67.0%, P < 0.001) and overall survival (89.2% vs. 78.5%, P = 0.007), and better cumulative incidences of relapse (10.5% vs. 19.6%, P = 0.020) and non-relapse mortality (4.2% vs. 14.9%, P = 0.001) than those with ≤ 2 courses of consolidation chemotherapy. Pre-transplantation minimal residual disease-negative patients with AML in CR1 who received MSDT with ≥ 3 courses of consolidation chemotherapy had a higher probability of LFS (85.9% vs. 67.7%, P = 0.003) and a lower cumulative incidence of relapse (9.6% vs. 23.3%, P = 0.013) than those with ≤ 2 courses.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that patients with AML in CR1 who received MSDT might benefit from pre-transplant consolidation chemotherapy.
Molecular pathology and clinical implications of diffuse glioma
Authors: Chai Ruichao , Fang Shengyu , Pang Bo , Liu Yuqing , Wang Yongzhi , Zhang Wei , Jiang Tao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The prognosis for diffusely infiltrating gliomas at World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2–4 remains dismal due to their heterogeneity. The rapid development of genome-wide molecular-profiling-associated studies has greatly promoted the accuracy of glioma classification. Thus, the latest version of the WHO classification of the central nervous system tumors published in 2021 has incorporated more molecular biomarkers together with histological features for the diagnosis of gliomas. Advanced usage of molecular pathology in clinical diagnostic practice provides also new opportunities for the therapy of patients with glioma, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and more precision clinical trials. Herein, we highlight the updates in the classification of gliomas according to the latest WHO guidelines and summarize the clinically relevant molecular markers by focusing on their applications in clinical practice. We also review the advances in molecular features of gliomas, which can facilitate the development of glioma therapies, thereby discussing the challenges and future directions of molecular pathology toward precision medicine for patients with glioma.
Faith Community Nursing and COVID-19
Authors: Shackelford Judy , Zimmerman Wendy , Coleman Kathleen , Henley Lorie , Johnson Betsy A. , Donovan Laureen 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT:
A mixed-method, cross-sectional descriptive online survey was used to examine the impact of COVID-19 on faith community nurse (FCN) practice. The seven practice areas for FCNs provided a framework for a 20-question survey comparing their practice pre- and during COVID-19 was completed by 378 FCNs. The top five interventions during COVID were in the areas of spiritual support, health promotion, and advocating for services; a top need was peer support/networking. Creative strategies used to meet the faith community's needs were inspiring. Implications for practice adaptation are discussed.