bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beta‐hydroxy‐beta‐methylbutyrate supplementation and functional outcomes in multitrauma patients: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wittholz Kym , Fetterplace Kate , Karahalios Amalia , Ali Abdelhamid Yasmine , Beach Lisa , Read David , Koopman René , Presneill Jeffrey J. , Deane Adam M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBeta‐hydroxy‐beta‐methylbutyrate (HMB) is a nutrition supplement that may attenuate muscle wasting from critical illness. This trial aimed to determine feasibility of administering a blinded nutrition supplement in the intensive care unit (ICU) and continuing it after ICU discharge.MethodsSingle‐center, parallel‐group, blinded, placebo‐controlled, randomized feasibility trial. After traumatic injury necessitating admission to ICU, participants were randomized to receive an enteral study supplement of 3 g of HMB (intervention) or placebo daily for 28 days or until hospital discharge. Primary outcome was feasibility of administering the study supplement, quantified as protocol adherence. Secondary outcomes included change in quadriceps muscle thickness, measured weekly until day 28 or hospital discharge by using ultrasound and analyzed by using a linear mixed model.ResultsFifty randomized participants (intervention, n = 26; placebo, n = 24) showed comparable baseline characteristics. Participants received 862 (84.3%) of the 1022 prescribed supplements during hospitalization with 543 (62.8%) delivered via an enteral feeding tube. The median (IQR) number of study supplements successfully administered per participant was 19.5 (13.0–24.0) in the intervention group and 16.5 (8.5–23.5) in the placebo group. Marked loss of quadriceps muscle thickness occurred in both groups, with the point estimate favoring attenuated muscle loss with the intervention, albeit with wide CIs (mean intervention difference after 28 days, 0.26 cm [95% CI, −0.13 to 0.64]).ConclusionA blinded, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trial of daily enteral HMB supplementation for up to 28 days in hospital is feasible. Any effect of HMB supplementation to attenuate muscle wasting after traumatic injury remains uncertain.
Effect of heat treatment on protein quality of rapeseed protein isolate compared with non‐heated rapeseed isolate, soy and whey protein isolates, and rice and pea protein concentrates
Authors: Bailey Hannah M. , Fanelli Natalia S. , Stein Hans H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRapeseed protein isolate is used in the food industry, and heating is often used during rapeseed processing. However, the digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) for heat‐treated rapeseed protein isolate is unknown. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that heating rapeseed protein isolate improves protein quality resulting in DIAAS that is greater than for pea and rice protein concentrates, and comparable to that of soy and whey protein isolates.RESULTSStandardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA), except leucine and methionine, was not different between heat‐treated rapeseed protein isolate and soy protein isolate, but SID of most AA was greater (P < 0.001) for heat‐treated rapeseed protein isolate than for brown rice protein concentrate, pea protein concentrate, rapeseed protein isolate and soy protein isolate, but not whey protein isolate. Non‐heated rapeseed protein isolate had a reduced (P < 0.001) DIAAS for 6‐month‐old to 3‐year‐old children compared with soy protein isolate, but this was greater (P < 0.001) than for pea and brown rice protein concentrates. The DIAAS for heat‐treated rapeseed protein isolate was greater (P < 0.001) than for non‐heated rapeseed protein isolate for all age groups. Heat‐treated rapeseed protein isolate and whey protein isolate had a DIAAS > 100 for individuals older than 3 years.CONCLUSIONRapeseed protein isolate had a DIAAS comparable to soy protein isolate, but heat‐treated rapeseed protein isolate and whey protein isolate had DIAAS ≥ 100, qualifying these proteins as ‘excellent’. Rice and pea protein concentrates had DIAAS < 75. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Efficacy and safety of abrocitinib in patients with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis with prior exposure to oral systemic immunosuppressants or biologic therapies: A post hoc analysis of the JADE clinical trials
Authors: Gooderham Melinda J. , Ardern‐Jones Michael R. , Guttman‐Yassky Emma , Ameen Mahreen , Simpson Eric L. , Chan Gary , Biswas Pinaki , Chiu Wing S. , Watkins Melissa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis (AD) refractory to topical therapy might require treatment with systemic therapies, including biologics.ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and safety of abrocitinib monotherapy in patients who previously received systemic therapies.MethodsThis post hoc analysis included patients receiving abrocitinib (200 mg/100 mg) or placebo in the phase 2b and phase 3 JADE MONO‐1 and MONO‐2, REGIMEN (abrocitinib 200 mg; open‐label period) and EXTEND (patients enrolled from MONO‐1 and MONO‐2) trials. Patients who were systemic therapy‐naive or had received prior oral systemic or biologic therapies were assessed for Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) response of 0 (clear) or 1 (almost clear) and ≥2‐point improvement from baseline, ≥75% or ≥90% improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI‐75 or EASI‐90), ≥4‐point improvement in Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP‐NRS4), PP‐NRS score of 0 or 1 and change from baseline in Pruritus and Symptoms Assessment for Atopic Dermatitis (PSAAD) and Patient‐Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) scores. Safety was assessed.ResultsThis analysis included 1579 patients (systemic therapy‐naive, n = 997; prior exposure to oral systemic, n = 429; biologic therapies, n = 153). At Week 12, IGA 0/1 response rates (95% confidence intervals) among patients who were systemic therapy‐naive, had received prior oral systemic therapy or had received biologic therapy were 44.4% (37.5–51.4), 34.5% (22.3–46.7) and 43.5% (23.2–63.7) with abrocitinib 200 mg, 30.9% (24.2–37.5), 16.4% (7.1–25.7) and 24.1% (8.6–39.7) with abrocitinib 100 mg and 9.6% (4.2–14.9), 5.9% (0.0–13.8) and 0.0% (0.0–23.2) with placebo in the pooled monotherapy trials; and 67.0% (62.8–71.2), 62.2% (56.4–68.0) and 53.5% (42.9–64.0) in REGIMEN. Across subgroups, abrocitinib showed greater improvement in EASI‐75, PP‐NRS4, EASI‐90, PP‐NRS 0/1, PSAAD and POEM scores versus placebo. Similar results were seen at Week 48. No new safety signals were observed.ConclusionsPrior use of oral systemic or biologic therapies did not seem to impact the efficacy and safety of abrocitinib in patients with moderate‐to‐severe AD.
Thoroughly Hydrophilized Electrospun Poly(L‐Lactide)/ Poly(ε‐Caprolactone) Sponges for Tissue Engineering Application
Authors: Xu Chengzhang , Cheong Jun Young , Mo Xiumei , Jérôme Valérie , Freitag Ruth , Agarwal Seema , Gharibi Reza , Greiner Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiodegradable electrospun sponges are of interest for various applications including tissue engineering, drug release, dental therapy, plant protection, and plant fertilization. Biodegradable electrospun poly(l‐lactide)/poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PLLA/PCL) blend fiber‐based sponge with hierarchical pore structure is inherently hydrophobic, which is disadvantageous for application in tissue engineering, fertilization, and drug delivery. Contact angles and model studies for staining with a hydrophilic dye for untreated, plasma‐treated, and surfactant‐treated PLLA/PCL sponges are reported. Thorough hydrophilization of PLLA/PCL sponges is found only with surfactant‐treated sponges. The MTT assay on the leachates from the sponges does not indicate any cell incompatibility. Furthermore, the cell proliferation and penetration of the hydrophilized sponges are verified by in vitro cell culture studies using MG63 and human fibroblast cells.
Fast Visible‐Light 3D Printing of Conductive PEDOT:PSS Hydrogels
Authors: Lopez‐Larrea Naroa , Gallastegui Antonela , Lezama Luis , Criado‐Gonzalez Miryam , Casado Nerea , Mecerreyes David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFunctional inks for light‐based 3D printing are actively being searched for being able to exploit all the potentialities of additive manufacturing. Herein, a fast visible‐light photopolymerization process is showed of conductive PEDOT:PSS hydrogels. For this purpose, a new Type II photoinitiator system (PIS) based on riboflavin (Rf), triethanolamine (TEA), and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is investigated for the visible light photopolymerization of acrylic monomers. PEDOT:PSS has a dual role by accelerating the photoinitiation process and providing conductivity to the obtained hydrogels. Using this PIS, full monomer conversion is achieved in less than 2 min using visible light. First, the PIS mechanism is studied, proposing that electron transfer between the triplet excited state of the dye (3Rf*) and the amine (TEA) is catalyzed by PEDOT:PSS. Second, a series of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate)/PEDOT:PSS hydrogels with different compositions are obtained by photopolymerization. The presence of PEDOT:PSS negatively influences the swelling properties of hydrogels, but significantly increases its mechanical modulus and electrical properties. The new PIS is also tested for 3D printing in a commercially available Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printer (405 nm wavelength), obtaining high resolution and 500 µm hole size conductive scaffolds.
Long‐Term Follow‐Up of Pediatric Patients with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy and Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Koy Anne , Kühn Andrea A. , Schiller Petra , Huebl Julius , Schneider Gerd‐Helge , Eckenweiler Matthias , Rensing‐Zimmermann Cornelia , Coenen Volker Arnd , Krauss Joachim K. , Saryyeva Assel , Hartmann Hans , Lorenz Delia , Volkmann Jens , Matthies Cordula , Schnitzler Alfons , Vesper Jan , Gharabaghi Alireza , Weiss Daniel , Bevot Andrea , Marks Warren , Howser Angela , Monbaliu Elegast , Mueller Joerg , Prinz‐Langenohl Reinhild , Visser‐Vandewalle Veerle , Timmermann Lars ,   the STIM‐CP investigators
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) has been increasingly used in the management of dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP). Data on long‐term effects and the safety profile are rare.ObjectivesWe assessed the efficacy and safety of pallidal DBS in pediatric patients with DCP.MethodsThe STIM‐CP trial was a prospective, single‐arm, multicenter study in which patients from the parental trial agreed to be followed‐up for up to 36 months. Assessments included motor and non‐motor domains.ResultsOf the 16 patients included initially, 14 (mean inclusion age 14 years) were assessed. There was a significant change in the (blinded) ratings of the total Dyskinesia Impairment Scale at 36 months. Twelve serious adverse events (possibly) related to treatment were documented.ConclusionDBS significantly improved dyskinesia, but other outcome parameters did not change significantly. Investigations of larger homogeneous cohorts are needed to further ascertain the impact of DBS and guide treatment decisions in DCP. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Milk Exosomes from Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Healthy Parturient Exhibit Differential miRNAs Profiles and Distinct Regulatory Bioactivity on Hepatocyte Proliferation
Authors: Zheng Zhongdaixi , Mo Jiaqi , Lin Fengjuan , Wang Jiexian , Chen Junbin , Luo Huiyu , Liu Yuguo , Su Chuhong , Gu Xiangfu , Xiong Fei , Zha Longying 
Published: June 2023

ScopeExosomes, a novel type of bioactive component in human milk (HM), affect infant development, growth, and health. Recent studies indicate that HM exosomes and miRNAs relate to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the miRNAs profiles and functionalities of HM exosomes from GDM parturient remain unclear. This study aims to compare the differential miRNAs in HM exosomes from GDM and healthy parturient, and investigate the HM exosomes bioactivities in regulating hepatocyte proliferation and insulin sensitivity.Methods and ResultsThis study extracted HM exosomes from GDM (GDM‐EXO) and healthy (NOR‐EXO) parturient by ultracentrifugation, high‐throughput sequenced and compared the exosomal miRNAs profiles, and explored the regulatory bioactivities on hepatocyte proliferation in HepG2 cells and Balb/c mice. As compared to NOR‐EXO, GDM‐EXO has similar morphology, size, concentration, and exosome‐specific markers (CD9 and TSG101) expression. GDM‐EXO and NOR‐EXO specifically harbor 1299 and 8 miRNAs, respectively. Moreover, GDM‐EXO had 176 upregulated and 47 downregulated miRNAs compared with NOR‐EXO. Both GDM‐EXO and NOR‐EXO were absorbed in cultured HepG2 hepatocytes and mice liver. GDM‐EXO inhibited hepatocytes proliferation by downregulating mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) possibly via exosomal miR‐101‐3p delivery.ConclusionHM exosomes from GDM and healthy parturient exhibit differential miRNAs profiles and distinct regulatory bioactivity on hepatocyte proliferation.
Validation of an automatic method for reconstruction, delineation, and measurement of levator hiatus in clinical practice
Authors: Chen Ying , Lin Xin , Zhang Man , Qu Enze , Huang Dongmei , Mao Yongjiang , Huang Zeping , Zhang Xinling 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the concordance between an automatic software program and manual evaluation in reconstructing, delineating, and measuring the levator hiatus (LH) on maximal Valsalva maneuver.MethodsThis was a retrospective study analyzing archived raw ultrasound imaging data of 100 patients underwent transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) examination. Each data were assessed by the automatic Smart Pelvic System software program and manual evaluation. The Dice similarity index (DSI), mean absolute distance (MAD), and Hausdorff distance (HDD) were calculated to quantify delineation accuracy of LH. Agreement between automatic and manual measurement of levator hiatus area was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman method.ResultsThe satisfaction rate of automatic reconstruction was 94%. Six images were recognized as unsatisfactory reconstructed images for some gas in the rectum and anal canal. Compared with satisfactory reconstructed images, DSI of unsatisfactory reconstructed images was lower, MAD and HDD were larger (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.006, respectively). The ICC was up to 0.987 in 94 satisfactory reconstructed images.ConclusionsThe Smart Pelvic System software program had good performance in reconstruction, delineation, and measurement of LH on maximal Valsalva maneuver in clinical practice, despite misidentification of the border of posterior aspect of LH due to the influence of gas in the rectum.
Psychological and mental impact of long‐standing incontinence on children and adolescents with complex urologic disorders
Authors: Wadie Bassem S. , Ashour Rawdy , Ali Ibtihal M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeIncontinence has a negative impact on the quality of life and is associated with psychiatric disturbances in humans. This study evaluates the impact of long‐standing incontinence on psychological and mental development.MethodsThis is a cohort study carried out in a tertiary care urologic facility. After obtaining an IRB approval, we enrolled 49 children with severe incontinence (incontinence for at least 1 year duration and one surgical intervention) and interviewed between October 2019 and March 2020. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and intelligence quotient (IQ) testing was performed for each using Stanford‐Binet—4th edition. An age‐matched control group was recruited for comparison. A total of 51 children in the control group were later recruited from March 2020 to October 2020 from the Psychiatry Department.ResultsA total of 49 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Mean age was 9.93 years, 31 males and 18 females. The etiology of incontinence was neuropathic bladder in 30, exstrophy in 8, incontinent epispadius in 4, valve bladder in 4; common urogenital sinus in 2, and refractory OAB in 1. Median number of procedures was 2 (Range 0–9). Median pads were 5 per day and median hospital stay was 32 days. Median total score of CBCL was 26.5 compared to 7 for the control group (p = 0.00023). Mean IQ of the study group was 88.3 as compared to that of the control (94.65), the difference is significant (p = 0.00023).ConclusionChildren with severe degree of incontinence suffered from significant psychiatric disorders and negative affection of their intelligence. A multidisciplinary approach is advised for management of those children
Controlling for false discoveries subsequently to large scale one‐way ANOVA testing in proteomics: Practical considerations
Authors: Burger Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn discovery proteomics, as well as many other “omic” approaches, the possibility to test for the differential abundance of hundreds (or of thousands) of features simultaneously is appealing, despite requiring specific statistical safeguards, among which controlling for the false discovery rate (FDR) has become standard. Moreover, when more than two biological conditions or group treatments are considered, it has become customary to rely on the one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) framework, where a first global differential abundance landscape provided by an omnibus test can be subsequently refined using various post‐hoc tests (PHTs). However, the interactions between the FDR control procedures and the PHTs are complex, because both correspond to different types of multiple test corrections (MTCs). This article surveys various ways to orchestrate them in a data processing workflow and discusses their pros and cons.
Determination of the Gurney velocity for the unconventional aluminum‐water explosive**
Authors: Frost Thanasi , Novac Bucur M. , Danilov Don , Senior Peter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present work is dedicated to the determination of the Gurney velocity of the unconventional aluminum‐water explosive. The paper presents the experimental arrangement, the diagnostic equipment used, and the main results that have been obtained. The experiments report the accurate velocity measurement of projectiles accelerated by aluminum and copper underwater exploding wires. Based on the results obtained, a Gurney velocity of 1.88 km/s has been obtained for the unconventional aluminum‐water explosive. The result is discussed and compared with typical values for standard explosives.
Low/intermediate speed impact‐induced ignition and damage of a novel high‐energy solid propellant
Authors: Wu Yi , Fan Yingnan , Chen Xiaoxu , Wen Junjie , Wang Qianlong , Huang Junyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe damage and ignition response of a novel propellant is investigated using a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The mechanical response of the propellant exhibits strong strain rate dependency following a power law. The whole process from mechanical damage to onset of ignition, deflagration and potential deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) under different strain rates (1000–5000 s−1) is captured via high‐speed photography and digital image correlation (DIC). To clarify the onset and extent of the resulting reaction in terms of the mechanical damage caused by impact, meso‐scale analysis is used to evaluate the propellant before and after dynamic impact loading. The ignition response under impact loading is mainly caused by shear flow, and ignition after multiple impacts due to the reflection of stress waves. Dense debris clouds produced by the first impact are observed in the case of a strain rate of 5000 s−1 leading to DDT when the second impact initiated ignition.
Combining pairwise structural similarity and deep learning interface contact prediction to estimate protein complex model accuracy in CASP15
Authors: Roy Raj S. , Liu Jian , Giri Nabin , Guo Zhiye , Cheng Jianlin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEstimating the accuracy of quaternary structural models of protein complexes and assemblies (EMA) is important for predicting quaternary structures and applying them to studying protein function and interaction. The pairwise similarity between structural models is proven useful for estimating the quality of protein tertiary structural models, but it has been rarely applied to predicting the quality of quaternary structural models. Moreover, the pairwise similarity approach often fails when many structural models are of low quality and similar to each other. To address the gap, we developed a hybrid method (MULTICOM_qa) combining a pairwise similarity score (PSS) and an interface contact probability score (ICPS) based on the deep learning inter‐chain contact prediction for estimating protein complex model accuracy. It blindly participated in the 15th Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP15) in 2022 and performed very well in estimating the global structure accuracy of assembly models. The average per‐target correlation coefficient between the model quality scores predicted by MULTICOM_qa and the true quality scores of the models of CASP15 assembly targets is 0.66. The average per‐target ranking loss in using the predicted quality scores to rank the models is 0.14. It was able to select good models for most targets. Moreover, several key factors (i.e., target difficulty, model sampling difficulty, skewness of model quality, and similarity between good/bad models) for EMA are identified and analyzed. The results demonstrate that combining the multi‐model method (PSS) with the complementary single‐model method (ICPS) is a promising approach to EMA.
Principle, development and application of time–temperature indicators for packaging
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Lin , Yu Zhumin , Ye Changqing , Pan Liao , Song Yanlin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTime–temperature indicators (TTIs) can visually reflect the remaining shelf life of various products, especially in cold chain transportation, by taking consideration of both time and temperature influences. Though various TTIs have been developed, few have been commercialized. This review aims at providing a timely reference to scientific community and valuable guidance for the future design of TTIs to boost the commercialization. This review firstly introduces the general principle and models for TTIs including key parameters of reaction rate constants, activation energies and activation energy matching. Then, four classical types of TTIs covering diffusion‐based, polymer‐based, enzyme‐based, and microbial TTIs are introduced regarding their working mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages as well as commercialized TTI products as examples. The development trend of TTI design and fabrication is highlighted from three categories including nanoparticles, electrospun nanofibers and printable inks. Furthermore, the review summarizes recent application of TTIs for monitoring the quality and safety of various products (meat, seafood, dairy, vaccines and fruits and vegetables). We also point our concerns from the perspective of safety, accuracy, multifunctionality and commercialization for the future development of TTIs.