bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employee reactions to leader emotional display strategies in a crisis situation
Authors: Schmodde Lynn , Wehner Marius Claus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDuring a crisis, leaders experiencing fear have to decide whether to reveal or regulate their emotions. Drawing on the emotions as social information (EASI) model and employing an experimental vignette study (n = 159) in the context of a young firm's crisis, we compare employee reactions (i.e., employee affect, job engagement, and affective commitment) to different leader emotional display strategies, namely, deep acting, surface acting, and genuine emotions. Compared with a leader's genuine emotions (i.e., display of fear), surface acting increased negative affect, whereas deep acting reduced negative affect. With regard to the total effects of our mediation model, surface acting negatively influenced employee job engagement and affective commitment, whereas deep acting surprisingly showed no differences to the display of genuine emotions. Our findings indicate that leaders who experience fear may consider revealing this genuine emotion during a crisis rather than engaging in potentially inauthentic emotion regulation strategies.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis regional progression intervals change according to time of involvement of different body regions
Authors: Manera Umberto , D'Ovidio Fabrizio , Cabras Sara , Torrieri Maria Claudia , Canosa Antonio , Vasta Rosario , Palumbo Francesca , Grassano Maurizio , De Marchi Fabiola , Mazzini Letizia , Mora Gabriele , Moglia Cristina , Calvo Andrea , Chiò Adriano 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe prediction of disease course is one of the main targets of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research, particularly considering its wide phenotypic heterogeneity. Despite many attempts to classify patients into prognostic categories according to the different spreading patterns at diagnosis, a precise regional progression rate and the time of involvement of each region has yet to be clarified. The aim of our study was to evaluate the functional decline in different body regions according to their time of involvement during disease course.MethodsIn a population‐based dataset of ALS patients, we analysed the functional decline in different body regions according to time and order of regional involvement. We calculated the regional progression intervals (RPIs) between initial involvement and severe functional impairment using the ALS Functional Rating Scale revised (ALSFRS‐r) subscores for the bulbar, upper limb, lower limb and respiratory/thoracic regions. Time‐to‐event analyses, adjusted for age, sex, ALSFRS‐r pre‐slope (ΔALSFRS‐R), cognitive status, and mutational status were performed.ResultsThe duration of RPI differed significantly among ALS phenotypes, with the RPI of the first region involved being significantly longer than the RPIs of regions involved later. Cox proportional hazard models showed that in fact a longer time between disease onset and initial regional involvement was related to a reduced duration of the RPI duration in each different body region (bulbar region: hazard ratio [HR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.16, p < 0.001; upper limb region: HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.06–1.28, p = 0.002; lower limb region: HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.19, p = 0.009; respiratory/thoracic region: HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.14, p = 0.005).ConclusionsWe found that the progression of functional decline accelerates in regions involved later during disease course. Our findings can be useful in patient management and prognosis prediction.
Chronic pain increases the risk of motoric cognitive risk syndrome at 4 years of follow‐up: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Liang Haixu , Fang Ya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeSlower gait speed and subjective cognitive concerns are characteristics of the motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome. This study aimed to examine if changes in pain may be hallmarks of early MCR, through investigating the magnitude of the association of chronic pain and the risk of MCR at 4 years follow‐up.MethodsIn total, 3711 participants without dementia or any mobility disability aged ≥60 years were studied, including 1413 with chronic pain, enrolled in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a prospective cohort study. MCR assessed at wave 1 (2011) and wave 3 (2015) was used as the exposure. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the longitudinal association between chronic pain and MCR after adjusting for individual factors, behaviors/physiology factors and societal factors. Four years later, the incident MCR was evaluated.ResultsAfter adjusting for individual factors, chronic pain was found to increase the risk of MCR development over time by about 1.5 times (hazard ratio 1.562, 95% confidence interval 1.228–1.986; p < 0.001) and to be linked with incident MCR at baseline (odds ratio 1.397, 95% confidence interval 1.149–1.698; p < 0.001). These associations remained substantial when behaviors/physiology factors and societal factors were taken into account in the analytical models.ConclusionsThe findings of our study imply that incident MCR may be exacerbated by chronic pain. Further exploration is required to find out whether chronic pain is a modifiable risk factor for MCR.
Altitudinal distribution and seasonal life cycle of drosophilid flies (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in central Japan, with reference to their biogeographic features
Authors: Beppu Katsura , Kimura Masahito T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAltitudinal distribution and seasonal life cycle of drosophilid flies (Diptera) were studied on the southwestern slope of Mt. Higashi‐Kagonoto in Tomi and at Ishi‐no‐yu in Shiga Heights, Nagano, central Japan. Collections of flies were carried out from early spring to late autumn using traps baited with fermenting banana. Based on the present results and previous faunal reports from central Japan, major native drosophilid species collected in this study were classified into migratory (5 species), high‐altitude (6), mid‐altitude (14) and low‐altitude (14) species. The migratory species are assumed to perform extensive seasonal migration between low‐ and high‐altitude areas. Among these native species,Drosophila alpina(a high‐altitude species) andD. moriwakii(a mid‐altitude species) are assumed to pass only one generation in a year, while the others pass two or more generations. Five of the six high‐altitude species are assigned as the Palearctic elements, while four of the five migratory species and 12 of the 14 low‐altitude species are assigned as the Sino‐Japanese elements. The mid‐altitude species consist of approximately equal numbers of the Palearctic and Sino‐Japanese elements. Among the high‐altitude species,D. alpinaandHirtodrosophila makinoiare also distributed in high‐altitude areas in Hokkaido, northern Japan. The other high‐altitude species and most of the mid‐altitude species generally occur in low‐altitude areas in Hokkaido or the further north. The Sino‐Japanese elements occurring at high and mid altitudes in central Japan are also distributed at high altitudes in southern and southwestern China.
Mechanisms of chicken processing quality changes during the early postmortem time: the role of the changes in myofibrillar protein
Authors: Ma Yunhao , Wang Ying , Wang Zhaoming , Chen Bo , Xie Yong , Kong Ling , Zhou Hui , Xu Baocai 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe properties of white meat, such as chicken and fish, changed quickly in the early postmortem period. This study focused on the relationship between myofibrillar protein and the eating quality of chicken in this period. The results showed that the eating quality of chicken, such as texture, water holding capacity and shear force value, decreased in the early postmortem period. The western blot analysis indicated that the desmin and troponin T were degraded significantly with postmortem time. Meanwhile, the myofibril protein degeneration in this period was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The findings demonstrated that the ordered structure of the myofibrillar protein was destroyed, and its thermal stability was reduced with the prolongation of postmortem time. Subsequently, the transmission electron microscope results suggested that the heating processing could destroy the connection between the weakened Z‐line and the myofilament. Overall, the decline in thermal stability and degradation of myofibrillar may worsen the structural instability of chicken during heating, which may be a significant contributor to the variations of chicken quality in the early postmortem period.
Effect of plasma‐activated water treatment on physicochemical and functional properties of whey protein isolate
Authors: Perinban Sellam , Orsat Valérie , Raghavan Vijaya 
Published: January 2023

SummaryPlasma‐activated water (PAW) is an emerging nonthermal processing method explored for its food disinfection properties. However, the effect of reactive species in PAW on the food composition has not yet been studied. In this study, a simple protein, whey protein isolate (WPI) was used to understand the effect of PAW reactive species on its physicochemical and functional properties. The results showed mild oxidation of WPI evidenced from the decrease in the sulfhydryl group content and increase in the surface hydrophobicity. Increase in the soluble protein content was observed with PAW 45 min treatment. Foam stability of the PAW‐treated samples increased significantly following PAW treatment. However, no linear change in WPI properties was observed with PAW treatment time. Reduction in the thermal stability of samples was observed in 10 and 50 mg mL−1 concentrations with PAW treatment. The SDS‐PAGE analysis revealed that PAW treatment did not form in‐soluble protein aggregation in WPI samples. FTIR spectrum of the treated WPI samples showed that there were no new functional groups formed by the PAW treatment. Increase in β‐sheet, random coil percentage and reduction in α‐helix percentage was observed in 5 mg mL−1 concentration. The results suggest that the reactive oxygen species in the PAW lead to mild oxidation and unfolding of the WPI samples and improved its foam stability.
Influence of extraction methods on navel orange peel pectin: structural characteristics, antioxidant activity and cytoprotective capacity
Authors: Wang Ting , Tao Yuheng , Lai Chenhuan , Huang Caoxing , Ling Zhe , Yong Qiang 
Published: January 2023

SummaryTo make high‐value utilisation of citrus peel waste, three simple extraction techniques (acidic, alkaline and hydrothermal methods) were used to prepare pectins from navel orange peel. The influence of different methods on the structure and antioxidant capacities of all pectin preparations was investigated and compared. All findings revealed that the yield, degree of esterification, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and antioxidant activities of all samples were significantly different. Alkali‐extracted pectin exhibited highest yield (22.6%), acid‐extracted pectin belonged to high‐ester pectin and hydrothermal‐extracted pectin had lowest molecular weight (109.2 kDa). Interestingly, due to the superior proportion of side‐chain structure, alkali‐extracted pectin possessed a better ability to scavenge free radicals than other samples. More importantly, alkali‐extracted pectin could protect macrophages from H2O2‐induced oxidative damage by enhancing SOD activity and reducing MDA levels. All results contributed to our knowledge of the association among extraction techniques, structural characteristics and resultant bioactivities for pectic polysaccharides.
Activation of the endogenous acid protease in the head of Litopenaeus vannamei induced by UV‐C irradiation
Authors: Dou Bijing , Wang He , Cao Wenhong , Chen Zhongqin , Zhu Guoping , Zhang Chaohua , Zheng Huina , Lin Haisheng , Gao Jialong 
Published: January 2023

SummaryPrevious studies have found that UV‐C irradiation activated endogenous acid protease (EAP) in shrimp heads. Aiming at understanding the effect of UV‐C irradiation on the activation of EAP and improving the utilisation of EAP, the effect of UV‐C irradiation on the enzymatic properties and conformation of EAP was investigated. The enzymatic properties of EAP were unaltered after UV‐C irradiation, and the optimum pH, temperature, and NaCl concentration were 3, 60°C, and 0.5 mol/L, respectively. Ca2+ and Mg2+ activated the enzyme. The molecular weight of the purified endogenous acid protease (P‐EAP) was 32 kDa. UV–Vis, FTIR, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the increase in enzyme activity by UV‐C irradiation was related to an increase in tryptophan and hydrogen bonding, implying that it may be the change in the spatial structure of the protein that caused the activation of the enzyme. Results revealed that UV‐C irradiation can be used to activate proteases and provide a reference for enhancing the enzymatic activity of other enzymes from shrimp heads.
An experimental study on the effects of intermittent chilling at different growth stages on rice yield in Northeast China
Authors: Shi Yanying , Wang Lizhi , Jiang Shukun , Guo Erjing , Li Tao , Zhou Litao , Zhang Wenmeng , Ma Haoyu , Guan Kaixin , Li E. , Zhang Tianyi , Yang Xiaoguang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn Northeast China, the frequency and intensity of chilling events has been increasing continuously, which places regional rice production at an increasing risk for yield loss. Previous studies have shown that continuous chilling at the tillering, booting and flowering stages could reduce rice grain yield. However, the effects of intermittent chilling at different growth stages on rice yield have rarely been reported. In this study, we conducted a temperature‐controlled experiment on rice plants at the tillering, booting and flowering stages, with both continuous and intermittent chilling treatments at two chilling temperatures and four chilling durations. The results showed that rice grain yield was most affected by chilling at the booting stage, followed by chilling at the flowering stage and least affected by chilling at the tillering stage. For per 1 day increase in chilling duration, the continuous (intermittent) chilling treatment at T1 (11°C/12°C/12°C) at the tillering, booting and flowering stages decreased the grain yield per plant by 1.0%, 6.0% and 2.9% (0.9%, 2.7% and 1.6%), respectively. For per 10°C·day increase in cooling degree days, the continuous (intermittent) chilling treatment at the booting stage decreased the grain yield per plant, spikelet fertility, grain number per spike and thousand grain weight by 10.7%, 7.9%, 5.4% and 1.6% (5.6%, 1.5%, 4.4% and 1.2%), respectively. While the continuous (intermittent) chilling treatment at the flowering stage decreased the grain yield per plant and spikelet fertility by 4.9% and 3.9% (2.8% and 3.2%), respectively. Our study is complementary to the current knowledge gap concerning the mechanism of chilling‐induced yield losses for rice. In particular, the results of this study could be used to (a) modify the chilling effects algorithms in rice models to improve the simulation accuracy in rice yields and (b) target the genetic features to breed new rice varieties with greater cold tolerance.
A framework for selecting data generation strategies in qualitative health research studies
Authors: Jack Susan M. , Orr Elizabeth , Campbell Karen A. , Whitmore Carly , Cammer Allison 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundQualitative health research has the potential to answer important applied health research questions to inform nutrition and dietetics practice, education and policy. Qualitative health research is a distinct subdiscipline of qualitative inquiry that purposefully draws upon the context of healthcare and emphasises health and wellness.MethodsQualitative health research is defined by two parameters: (1) the focus of the study and (2) the methods used. When considering the methods to be used, decisions are required about the type of data to be generated (e.g., transcripts, images and notes) and the process involved in data generation (e.g., interviews, elicitation strategies and observations) to answer the research question(s). Drawing upon examples from nutrition and dietetics literature, this paper provides a framework to support decision‐making for nutrition and dietetics researchers and clinician researchers designing conducting qualitative health research.ResultsThe guiding questions of the framework include: What types of data will be generated? Who is involved in data generation? Where will data generation occur? When will data generation occur? How will data be recorded and managed? and How will participants' and researchers' emotional safety be promoted?ConclusionQuestions about the types of data, those involved, where and when, as well as how safety can be maintained in data generation, not only support a more robust design and description of data generation methods but also keep the person at the centre of the research.
Notch signalling cascade and proinflammatory mediators in peri‐implant lesions with different RANKL/OPG ratios—An observational study
Authors: Djinic Krasavcevic Ana , Nikolic Nadja , Milinkovic Iva , Carkic Jelena , Jezdic Marija , Jankovic Sasha , Aleksic Zoran , Milasin Jelena 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground & ObjectiveNotch signaling pathway has been linked to bone loss in periodontitis and peri‐implantitis. This research aimed to determine the Notch signaling molecules expression levels (Notch1, Notch2, Jagged1, Hes1, and Hey1), along with bone remodeling mediators (RANKL and OPG) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐17, IL‐1β, and IL‐6) in patients with peri‐implant diseases. The aforementioned markers' expression was evaluated in patients with different RANKL/OPG ratios.MethodsFifty patients with peri‐implantitis (PI group) and 45 patients with peri‐implant mucositis (PM group) were enrolled. Relative gene expression levels of investigated molecules were determined by reverse transcriptase‐real‐time polymerase chain reaction. On the basis of RANKL/OPG ratio, all peri‐implant lesions were divided into subgroups: RANKL‐predominant (RANKL > OPG) and OPG‐predominant (RANKL < OPG). Clinical periodontal parameters (probing depth‐PD, bleeding on probing‐BOP, clinical attachment level‐CAL and plaque index‐PLI), were recorded for each patient around every tooth, and around placed implants (PDi, BOPi, CALi, PLIi).ResultsRANKL‐predominant PM patients exhibited higher expression levels of Notch2 (p = .044) and Hey1 (p = .005) compared to OPG‐predominant lesions. In all RANKL‐predominant cases, Hey1 (p = .001), IL‐1β (p = .005), IL‐6 (p = .002) were overexpressed in PI comparing to PM, accompanied with significantly higher PDi, CALi and PLIi in PI than PM (p = .001, p = .001 and p = .009).ConclusionsNotch2 upregulation in RANKL‐predominant PM lesions could be an important contributor to alveolar bone resorption and represent a predictor of PM to PI transition. Similarly, the overexpression of IL‐1β and IL‐6 might provide an osteoclastogenic environment in PI RANKL‐predominant lesions.
Mechanisms of paracellular transport of magnesium in intestinal and renal epithelia
Authors: Houillier Pascal , Lievre Loïc , Hureaux Marguerite , Prot‐Bertoye Caroline 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMagnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body. It plays a critical role in many biological processes, including the process of energy release. Paracellular transport of magnesium is mandatory for magnesium homeostasis. In addition to intestinal absorption that occurs in part across the paracellular pathway, magnesium is reabsorbed by the kidney tubule. The bulk of magnesium is reabsorbed through the paracellular pathway in the proximal tubule and the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. The finding that rare genetic diseases due to pathogenic variants in genes encoding specific claudins (CLDNs), proteins located at the tight junction that determine the selectivity and the permeability of the paracellular pathway, led to an awareness of their importance in magnesium homeostasis. Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis is caused by a loss of function of CLDN16 or CLDN19. Pathogenic CLDN10 variants cause HELIX syndrome, which is associated with a severe renal loss of sodium chloride and hypermagnesemia. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the mechanisms and factors involved in paracellular magnesium permeability. The review also highlights some of the unresolved questions that need to be addressed.
Overweight and obesity prevention for and with adolescents: The “Confronting obesity: Co‐creating policy with youth” (CO‐CREATE) project
Authors: Klepp Knut‐Inge , Helleve Arnfinn , Brinsden Hannah , Bröer Christian , Budin‐Ljøsne Isabelle , Harbron Janetta , Knai Cecile , Lien Nanna , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Nesrallah Samantha , Oldridge‐Turner Kate , Rito Ana , Samdal Oddrun , Savona Natalie , Stensdal Maja K. , Allender Steven , Hoelscher Deanna M. , Rutter Harry 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe CO‐CREATE project focuses on the need for research on obesity prevention in adolescents to move away from studies of single interventions, toward the investigation of systems‐based research incorporating youth involvement. This paper provides an overview of the project, presenting the objectives, design, and novel methodologies applied, as well as findings to date and anticipated outcomes. Adolescents (16–18 years old) in five European countries participated. Methods applied in the project include monitoring and benchmarking of policies, systematic literature reviews, epidemiological surveillance, linking observed overweight and obesity trends to observed policy landscapes, group model building to identify perceived drivers of obesity, alliance building with adolescents, dialog with stakeholders, and system dynamics modelling to explore the potential impact of policy options. Outcomes include tools for developing policy ideas and investigation of prevention strategies with adolescents, including policy databases, system maps of drivers of obesity, protocols for organizing youth alliances, an intergenerational policy dialog tool, and system dynamic models exploring the impacts of cocreated policy ideas. These outcomes make an important contribution to building a pan‐European infrastructure for designing and evaluating policies and for providing youth with the opportunity to make their voices heard in the development and implementation of obesity prevention measures.