bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the performance of CFRP composite joints through a hybrid approach: Geometric modification (stepped adherends) and adhesive modification
Authors: Karthikeyan N. , Naveen Jesuarockiam 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFor aerospace applications, co‐curing bonding is more effective than co‐bonding and secondary bonding for joining fuselage frames to skins, wing ribs, and spars to skin joints. This study investigated the flexural and dynamic behaviors of co‐cured carbon fiber‐reinforced polymeric (CFRP) composite joints utilizing adherend and adhesive‐modified techniques. The adherend underwent modification to incorporate a stepped geometry and adhesive modified by multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNCT). The flexural strength and modulus were enhanced by 13% and 12%, respectively, when using 0.75 wt% multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified adhesive in co‐cured‐CFRP joints over epoxy adhesive‐stepped adherends. In addition to that, both stepped adherend and 0.75 wt% of MWCNT adhesive in co‐cured CFRP composite joints showed a 261% enhancement in flexural strength and a 45% increase in modulus contrast to plain epoxy adhesive neat co‐cured CFRP composite joints. Interestingly, MWCNTs with a 0.75 wt% demonstrated the highest natural frequencies among all three vibration mode shapes, outperforming the pure adhesive epoxy stepped adherend co‐cured CFRP composite joint by 5%, 2%, and 8%, respectively. The results were investigated using a statistical analysis known as ANOVA. Optimization and prediction were performed utilizing a MATLAB neural net fit tool in conjunction with the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm.Highlights
Adhesive prepared using six different wt% of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using ultrasonication.
Stepped adherend carbon fiber‐reinforced polymeric (CFRP) joints were fabricated by the co‐cure method.
Maximum flexural and dynamic behaviors at 0.75 wt% MWCNT in adhesive.
Statistical analysis was done using a one‐way ANOVA technique.
An artificial neural network predicts the flexural and dynamic behavior of CFRP composite joints.
Conservative Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Screening in Children: Re‐Evaluation of Safety
Authors: ten Berg Fleur , Hessels Josefien , Hosman Anna , Boerman Sanne , Post Marco C. , Balemans Walter A. F. , Mager Hans‐Jurgen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant vascular disease and screening to detect pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) is important to prevent complications. In adults, transthoracic contrast echocardiogram (TTCE) is used to screen PAVMs. In children, a conservative screening method seems to be sufficient to rule out major PAVMs and prevent them from PAVM‐related complications. This study reevaluates the conservative noninvasive screening method using a larger cohort of children screened for HHT.MethodsThis single‐center observational cohort study includes children screened between December 1998 and December 2022. The screening consisted of medical history, physical examination, pulse oximetry, and chest radiography. Data regarding screening, PAVM presence and complications (including transient ischemic attack, stroke, brain abscess and hemoptysis) were collected using the Dutch HHT‐patient database.ResultsIn total, 600 children, mean age 9.9 years (SD 4.3) were screened for the presence of PAVMs. None of the 600 children screened suffered any PAVM‐related complications after a total of 7102 years of patient follow‐up (251 children [42%] with a definite HHT‐diagnosis, accounting for 3232 years of follow‐up). In 32 patients (13% of children with HHT), a treatable PAVM was found during childhood.ConclusionThis study confirms that a conservative PAVM screening method in children is safe to prevent complications related to PAVMs. Small PAVMs will be missed using this conservative approach, but without an increased risk of complications.
Forging the iron‐net: Towards a quantitative understanding of microbial communities via siderophore‐mediated interactions
Authors: Gu Shaohua , Shao Jiqi , He Ruolin , Xiong Guanyue , Qu Zeyang , Shao Yuanzhe , Yu Linlong , Zhang Di , Wang Fanhao , Xu Ruichen , Guo Peng , Xi Ningbo , Li Yinxiang , Wu Yanzhao , Wei Zhong , Li Zhiyuan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIron is a critical yet limited nutrient for microbial growth. To scavenge iron, most microbes produce siderophores—diverse small molecules with high iron affinities. Different siderophores are specifically recognized and uptaken by corresponding recognizers, enabling targeted interventions and intriguing cheater‐producer dynamics. We propose constructing a comprehensive iron interaction network, or “iron‐net”, across the microbial world. Such a network offers the potential for precise manipulation of the microbiota, with conceivable applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry as well as advancing microbial ecology and evolution theories. Previously, our successful construction of an iron‐net in the Pseudomonas genus demonstrated the feasibility of coevolution‐inspired digital siderophore‐typing. Enhanced by machine learning techniques and expanding sequencing data, forging such an iron‐net calls for multidisciplinary collaborations and holds significant promise in addressing critical challenges in microbial communities.
Digital Technologies and Sustainable Development: An Insight From Corporate Sector
Authors: Javeed Sohail Ahmad , Yang Xiaoping , Latief Rashid , Ong Tze San , Jinglu Li 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe excessive utilization of industrial output has drawn significant attention from authorities toward sustainable development. Given the substantial environmental challenges posed by the industrial sector, sustainable development has emerged as a paramount concern for scholars and organizations alike. In this context, considerable emphasis has been placed on the significance of digitization. Digital technologies, particularly blockchain technology (BCH) and digital finance (DF), are transforming the landscape of business and the economy, facilitating corporate sustainable development (CSD), enhancing corporate social practices, and fostering green innovation. Through the application of various econometric strategies using the Chinese business sector as a sample of the study, we found that BCH effectively promotes green innovation and corporate social activities. Additionally, our analysis underscores the critical role of DF in advancing corporate social practices and green innovation. Notably, we highlight the importance of human capital as a moderating factor that strengthens the relationships between BCH and CSD, as well as between digital finance and CSD. This study offers novel insights into ways, digital technology can enhance corporate sustainability practices and presents a framework that may be of significant utility to policymakers and decision‐makers.
1‐(4‐Bromobutyl)‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium Bromide: A Novel Green Ionic Liquid Catalyst for Intermolecular Dehydration of Alcohols
Authors: Wu Shi , Ai Zhiwei , Chen Limei , Tao Huilin , Liu Jia , Wang Jia , Cao Xinyu , Yu Zhongliang , Zhang Yongfan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA series of novel halogen‐functionalized imidazolium halides were successfully designed and synthesized by grafting halogenated hydrocarbons on the side chain of imidazolium and were applied to catalyze the intermolecular dehydration of alcohols. Under metal‐free, acid‐free, solvent‐free, mild conditions and in an air atmosphere, 1‐(4‐bromobutyl)‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide was found to efficiently catalyze the etherification of monohydric alcohols and diols, as well as the synthesis of certain unsymmetrical ethers. Interestingly, the immiscibility between ethers and ionic liquids resulted in the spontaneous separation of the catalyst from the product, which made this strategy highly applicable in the etherification. Furthermore, detailed mechanistic studies revealed that [BBrmim]Br formed a unique intermediate with a series of alcohol molecules, in which internal hydrogen atoms successfully underwent hydrogen transfer via hydrogen bonding, thereby ensuring a smooth catalytic process.
Building Bilayer MoS2 with Versatile Morphologies via Etching‐And‐Growth Coexisting Method
Authors: Feng Yibiao , Zhao Zihan , Zhang Tiantian , Luo Zejun , Yang Jian , Xu Boyu , Liu Nan , Nie Jiacai , Zhou Jun , Dou Ruifen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe etch‐engineering is a feasible avenue to tailor the layer number and morphology of 2D layered materials during the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth. However, less reports strengthen the etch‐engineering used in the fabrication of high‐quality transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials with tunable layers and desirable morphologies to improve their prominent performance in electronic and optoelectronic devices. Here, an etching‐and‐growth coexistence method is reported to directly synthesize high‐quality, high‐symmetric MoS2 bilayers with versatile morphologies via CVD. The growth mechanism is intensively elucidated through analyzing the carrier Ar perturbation associated with the precursor concentration variations, revealing four growth stages including the growth‐priority, local‐etching, equilibrium of etching and growth, and etching‐priority. The as‐grown polygonal bilayer MoS2 exhibits a uniform characteristic, attributed to the formation of the high‐quality single crystal bilayer MoS2 owing to the limitation of the multigrain generation. The work not only enriches the understanding of the growth mechanism of the direct fabrication of TMD materials, but also offers a controllable protocol to engineer their morphologies and the shapes, which can benefit their applications in the electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Photochemical Stabilization of Self‐Assembled Spherical Nucleic Acids
Authors: Kaviani Sepideh , Bai Haochen , Das Trishalina , Asohan Jathavan , Elmanzalawy Abdelrahman , Marlyn Julian , Choueiri Lea El , Damha Masad J. , Laurent Quentin , Sleiman Hanadi F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOligonucleotide therapeutics, including antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNA, offer promising avenues for modulating the expression of disease‐associated proteins. However, challenges such as nuclease degradation, poor cellular uptake, and unspecific targeting hinder their application. To overcome these obstacles, spherical nucleic acids have emerged as versatile tools for nucleic acid delivery in biomedical applications. Our laboratory has introduced sequence‐defined DNA amphiphiles which self‐assemble in aqueous solutions. Despite their advantages, self‐assembled SNAs can be inherently fragile due to their reliance on non‐covalent interactions and fall apart in biologically relevant conditions, specifically by interaction with serum proteins. Herein, this challenge is addressed by introducing two methods of covalent crosslinking of SNAs via UV irradiation. Thymine photodimerization or disulfide crosslinking at the micellar interface enhance SNA stability against human serum albumin binding. This enhanced stability, particularly for disulfide crosslinked SNAs, leads to increased cellular uptake. Furthermore, this crosslinking results in sustained activity and accessibility for release of the therapeutic nucleic acid, along with improvement in unaided gene silencing. The findings demonstrate the efficient stabilization of SNAs through UV crosslinking, influencing their cellular uptake, therapeutic release, and ultimately, gene silencing activity. These studies offer promising avenues for further optimization and exploration of pre‐clinical, in vivo studies.
Charge Transfer Effect in Layered Cathodes Through MEMS‐Based In Situ TEM Studies
Authors: Guan Yujia , Yu Jia , Wang Jiajing , Xiong Manlin , Xu Zenan , Zhou Han , Yan Jingnan , Zhou Junjie , Zhang Qihua , Tendeloo Gustaaf Van , Sun Congli 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe irreversible lattice oxygen release is the primary issue in layered oxide cathodes which is generally attributed to a consecutive phase transition with less lattice oxygen content. Herein, an anomalous metal segregation pathway is observed in oxygen vacancy defective layered cathodes, which happens far before the onset of phase transitions. The correlation of electron energy loss spectroscopy indicates that an early charge transfer from oxygen 2p to Mn 3d orbital is responsible. It further reveals a specific local vacancy heterogeneity that significantly lowers the migration barrier of Mn. This is further supported by the density functional theory simulations. In fact, the oxygen release is always initiated from the defective crystal, which alters the general degradation pathway initiated from the perfect crystal. This work shed light on the critical role of the local oxygen vacancy heterogeneity in the phase degradation of layered cathodes.
Contrasting distributions and expression characteristics of transcribing repeats in Setaria viridis
Authors: Franco Ana Luiza , Gu Wenjia , Novák Petr , Leitch Ilia J. , Viccini Lyderson F. , Leitch Andrew R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRepetitive DNA contributes significantly to plant genome size, adaptation, and evolution. However, little is understood about the transcription of repeats. This is addressed here in the plant green foxtail millet (Setaria viridis). First, we used RepeatExplorer2 to calculate the genome proportion (GP) of all repeat types and compared the GP of long terminal repeat (LTR) retroelements against annotated complete and incomplete LTR retroelements (Ty1/copia and Ty3/gypsy) identified by DANTE in a whole genome assembly. We show that DANTE‐identified LTR retroelements can comprise ∼0.75% of the inflorescence poly‐A transcriptome and ∼0.24% of the stem ribo‐depleted transcriptome. In the RNA libraries from inflorescence tissue, both LTR retroelements and DNA transposons identified by RepeatExplorer2 were highly abundant, where they may be taking advantage of the reduced epigenetic silencing in the germ line to amplify. Typically, there was a higher representation of DANTE‐identified LTR retroelements in the transcriptome than RepeatExplorer2‐identified LTR retroelements, potentially reflecting the transcription of elements that have insufficient genomic copy numbers to be detected by RepeatExplorer2. In contrast, for ribo‐depleted libraries of stem tissues, the reverse was observed, with a higher transcriptome representation of RepeatExplorer2‐identified LTR retroelements. For RepeatExplorer2‐identified repeats, we show that the GP of most Ty1/copia and Ty3/gypsy families were positively correlated with their transcript proportion. In addition, guanine‐ and cytosine‐rich repeats with high sequence similarity were also the most abundant in the transcriptome, and these likely represent young elements that are most capable of amplification due to their ability to evade epigenetic silencing.
Genetic Variability of Pestivirus A (BVDV‐1) Circulating in Cattle From Eastern Turkey
Authors: Abounaaja Fatima , Babaoglu Ali Riza 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundBovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection, caused by Pestiviruses A and B, with various clinical findings and causes significant economic losses. This disease is common in Turkey as well as in other countries, especially in European countries.ObjectiveThis study was designed to determine the genotypes of BVDVs and their variability among cattle in eastern Turkey.MethodsA total of 110 samples from 85 cattle suspected of BVDV infection were tested using RT‐PCR with primers targeting the 5′UTR, autoprotease (Npro) and E2 gene regions of pestiviruses. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses were performed on the 5′UTR and Npro gene regions of these samples.ResultsAnalysis of 15 sequences obtained from 13 cattle revealed that Pestivirus A (BVDV‐1) was responsible for the infection. In addition, the study identified subgenotypes BVDV‐1a (n = 5), 1b (n = 5), 1d (n = 1), 1f (n = 1), 1l (n = 1) and 1r (n = 2). No evidence of infection with Pestivirus B (BVDV‐2), Pestivirus D (Border disease virus) or Pestivirus H (HoBi‐like virus/BVDV‐3) was found.ConclusionThe significance of pestiviruses in causing genital and respiratory problems is once again emphasised, underscoring the necessity of including them in herd screening. Identifying BVDV genetic diversity both in Turkey and worldwide is crucial for developing effective protection, control and eradication strategies, particularly for vaccination programs. As a conclusion, the identification of BVDV‐1a, 1b, 1d, 1f, 1l and 1r in the eastern provinces of Turkey points to an increase in BVDV‐1 genetic diversity.
Predicting Live Weight for Female Rabbits of Meat Crosses From Body Measurements Using LightGBM, XGBoost and Support Vector Machine Algorithms
Authors: Önder Hasan , Tirink Cem , Yakubets Taras , Getya Andriy , Matvieiev Mykhalio , Kononenko Ruslan , Şen Uğur , Özkan Çağri Özgür , Tolun Tolga , Kaya Fahrettin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrediction of body weight (BW) using biometric measurements is an important tool especially for animal welfare and automatic phenotyping tools that needs mathematical models. In this study, it was aimed to predict the BW using body length (BL), chest girth (CG) and width of the waist (WW) for rabbits of the maternal form of Hyla NG. The standard rabbit‐raising practices were applied for the animals. A highly efficient gradient‐boosting decision tree (LightGBM), eXtreme gradient‐boosting (XGBoost) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms were evaluated and compared to the prediction of BW. The coefficient of determination, root mean square error and mean absolute error values were used as comparison criteria. The results showed that LightGBM, XGBoost and SVM algorithms were well fit for the BW using the biometric measures with over 95% accuracy for both train and test sets. The BL was determined as the most explanatory variable on body weight.
The effect of hot corrosion on mechanical properties of the tin-doped titanium aluminide alloy
Authors: Magogodi Steven , Mathabathe Maria Ntsoaki , Rikhotso-Mbungela Rirhandzu , Vilane Velile , Siyasiya Charles , Bolokang Amogelang Sylvester 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This work investigates the hot corrosion behaviour of Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.3Si and Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.3Si-1Sn alloys under 25 wt.% NaCl and 75 wt.% Na2SO4 molten salt mixture at 900 °C. The alloys were developed through vacuum arc melting and casting. The corrosion kinetics of the alloys were measured by mass change per unit surface area. The results revealed that both alloys experienced hot corrosion attacks; however, Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.3Si-1Sn alloy demonstrated superior corrosion resistance and retained good mechanical properties compared to the Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.3Si.
Data-driven analysis of the effects of microtextured surfaces on friction reduction for plastic syringe applications
Authors: Bornillo Kristal , Bovo Enrico , Sorgato Marco , Lucchetta Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study explored the use of machine learning to optimize low-friction microstructures for plastic syringe applications, eliminating the need for silicone oil. Machine learning was employed to analyze available experimental data collected from the literature and identify key microstructure features affecting the coefficient of friction (COF) reduction. An artificial neural network (ANN) was used to analyze how the features affect COF reduction. The contact pressure primarily influenced the magnitude of % COF reduction, with higher contact pressure leading to a decrease in % COF reduction. A lower pitch increased % COF reduction due to a smaller contact area. Microdimples were generally more effective at reducing friction than micropillars or protruded structures. Two-photon polymerization (TPP) was employed to fabricate microdimpled prototypes, and friction tests validated the ANN predictions. Experimental validation demonstrated up to 57% friction reduction on microdimpled surfaces, with pitch and aspect ratio identified as the most critical factors. While some discrepancies were observed between ANN predictions and experimental outcomes, the machine learning model effectively highlighted the relative significance of different factors. This study demonstrates the potential of combining machine learning with advanced manufacturing techniques to enhance the performance of microtextured surfaces for friction reduction.
Sustained treatment-free remission in two chronic myeloid leukemia patients after asciminib discontinuation: a report of two cases
Authors: Yousefi Arjen , Levin Mark-David , Cornelissen Jan J. , Westerweel Peter E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSelected chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients may discontinue their tyrosine kinase inihibitor (TKI) in an attempt to achieve sustained treatment-free remission (TFR), which mitigates therapy-related side effects and limits treatment costs. TFR has been extensively studied following the discontinuation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) – competitive TKI. However, there is minimal data concerning TFR after the discontinuation of the novel TKI asciminib. Here, we present two CML patients intolerant to multiple ATP-competitive TKIs who achieved a deep molecular response (DMR) during asciminib treatment and sustained this remission after asciminib discontinuation. One of the cases developed transient myalgia and arthralgia after asciminib discontinuation consistent with a TKI withdrawal syndrome. Both patients have been free of molecular relapse for more than at least 8 months after TKI discontinuation without increase in molecular BCR::ABL1 signal. These two cases provide proof of principle that sustained TFR after discontinuing asciminib in CML patients is feasible.