bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mediating expectations and experiences that influence birth experiences in Canada's first Alongside Midwifery Unit
Authors: Murray‐Davis Beth , Grenier Lindsay N. , Mattison Cristina , Malott Anne M. , Cameron Carol , Li Jenifer , Darling Elizabeth , Hutton Eileen K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, midwifery‐led birthing units are associated with excellent maternal and neonatal outcomes, and positive childbirth experiences. However, little is known about what aspects of midwife‐led units contribute to favorable experiences and overall satisfaction. Our aim was to explore and describe midwifery service user experiences at Canada's first Alongside Midwifery Unit (AMU).MethodsWe used a qualitative, grounded theory approach using semi‐structured interviews with recipients of midwifery care at the AMU.FindingsData were collected from twenty‐eight participants between September 2018 and March 2020. Our generated theory explains how birth experiences and satisfaction were influenced by how well the AMU aligned with expectations or desired experiences related to the following four themes: (1) maintaining the midwifery model of care, (2) emphasizing control and choice, (3) facilitating interprofessional relationships, and (4) appreciating the unique AMU birthing environment.ConclusionCanada's first AMU met or exceeded service‐user expectations, resulting in high levels of satisfaction with their birth experience. Maintaining core elements of the midwifery model of care, promoting high levels of autonomy, and facilitating positive interprofessional interactions are crucial elements contributing to childbirth satisfaction in the AMU environment.
Inhibition of Brd4 alleviates osteoarthritis pain via suppression of neuroinflammation and activation of Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant signalling
Authors: Sun Jia , Wang Xing‐He , Song Fan‐He , Li Dan‐Yang , Gao Shao‐Jie , Zhang Long‐Qing , Wu Jia‐Yi , Liu Dai‐Qiang , Wang Li‐Wei , Zhou Ya‐Qun , Mei Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeOsteoarthritis (OA) pain remains a major clinical problem. It is urgent to identify novel therapeutic approaches for OA pain states. Bromodomain and extra‐terminal (BET) protein inhibitors have robust anti‐inflammatory effects in several pain models. However, the underlying mechanisms of these inhibitors in OA pain have not been determined. We, therefore, investigated the effects and the underlying mechanism(s) of BET inhibition on pain‐related behaviours in a rat model of OA.Experimental ApproachThe OA model was established by intra‐articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rat knees. Pain behaviours were assessed in rats by hindlimb weight‐bearing asymmetry, mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Possible mechanisms underlying BET inhibition were explored in the MIA‐induced OA pain model in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG).Key ResultsInhibiting bromodomain‐containing protein 4 (Brd4) with either JQ1 or MS417, or using AAV2/9‐shRNA‐Brd4‐EGFP‐mediated knockdown of Brd4 genes, significantly attenuated MIA‐induced pain behaviours. Brd4 inhibition suppressed NF‐κB and NF‐κB‐mediated inflammatory cytokines in both the spinal cord and DRG in rats with MIA‐induced OA pain. Brd4 inhibition also attenuated the oxidative stress and promoted nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)‐dependent antioxidant genes in both the spinal cord and DRG in our odel of MIA‐induced OA pain.Conclusions and ImplicationsIn conclusion, Brd4 inhibition alleviated MIA‐induced OA pain in rats, via suppression of neuroinflammation and activation of Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant signalling. Although our model does not perfectly represent how OA develops in humans, inhibition of Brd4 may provide novel insights into possible treatments for OA pain.
Accuracy of complete‐arch digital implant impression with intraoral optical scanning and stereophotogrammetry: An in vivo prospective comparative study
Authors: Pozzi Alessandro , Carosi Paolo , Gallucci German O. , Nagy Katalin , Nardi Alessandra , Arcuri Lorenzo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess accuracy of intraoral optical scanning (IOS) and stereophotogrammetry (SPG), complete‐arch digital implant impressions in vivo.Materials and MethodsConsecutive patients needing implant‐supported screw‐retained zirconia complete‐arch fixed‐dental prostheses (ISZ‐FDP) were recruited. For each patient, three impressions were taken: IOS, SPG (tests), and open‐tray plaster (reference). Linear (ΔX, ΔY, and ΔZ), three‐dimensional (ΔEUC), and angular deviations (ΔANGLE) were evaluated and stratified according to scanning technology for each implant. Potential effects of impression device (IOS and SPG), arch (maxilla and mandible), and implant number (4 and 6) were evaluated through multivariable analysis. Significance level was set at .05.ResultsA total of 11 complete arches (5 maxillae, 6 mandibles) in 11 patients were rehabilitated with ISZ‐FDPs supported by 4 (n = 8) and 6 implants (n = 3). A total of 50 implants and 100 implant positions were captured by two investigated devices and compared to respective reference (mean ΔEUC IOS 137.2, SPG 87.6 μm; mean ΔANGLE 0.79, 0.38°). Differences between measurements (SPG‐IOS) were computed for each implant, with negative values indicating better SPG accuracy. Significant mean ΔEUC difference of −49.60 μm (p = .0143; SD 138.15) and mean ΔANGLE difference of −0.40° (p < .0001; SD 0.65) were observed in favor of SPG. Multivariable analysis showed significant effect on ΔEUC (p = .0162) and ΔANGLE (p = .0001) only for impression devices, with SPG performing better.ConclusionsSPG experienced significantly higher linear and angular accuracy. No effect of type of arch or implant number was detected. Higher extreme deviations were experienced for IOS. SPG can be feasible for complete‐arch digital impressions with caution, and rigid prototype try‐in is recommended before screw‐retained prosthesis manufacturing.
Comprehensive analysis of PSMD family members and validation of PSMD9 as a potential therapeutic target in human glioblastoma
Authors: Li Yaquan , Liu Xuemeng , Zhao Feihu , Zhao Zhimin , Li Xingang , Wang Jian , Huang Bin , Chen Anjing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsPSMD family members, as important components of the 26S proteasome, are well known to be involved in protein degradation. However, their role in glioblastoma (GBM) has not been rigorously investigated. We aimed to perform systematic analysis of the expression signature, prognostic significance and functions of PSMD family genes in GBM to reveal potential prognostic markers and new therapeutic targets among PSMD family members.MethodsIn this study, we systemically analyzed PSMD family members in terms of their expression profiles, prognostic implications, DNA methylation levels, and genetic alterations; the relationships between their expression levels and immune infiltration and drug sensitivity; and their potential functional enrichment in GBM through bioinformatics assessment. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo experiments were used to validate the biological functions of PSMD9 and its targeted therapeutic effect in GBM.ResultsThe mRNA levels of PSMD5/8/9/10/11/13/14 were higher in GBM than in normal brain tissues, and the mRNA levels of PSMD1/4/5/8/9/11/12 were higher in high‐grade glioma (WHO grade III & IV) than in low‐grade glioma (WHO grade II). High mRNA expression of PSMD2/6/8/9/12/13/14 and low mRNA expression of PSMD7 were associated with poor overall survival (OS). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified PSMD2/5/6/8/9/10/11/12 as independent prognostic factors for OS prediction. In addition, the protein–protein interaction network and gene set enrichment analysis results suggested that PSMD family members and their interacting molecules were involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, cell invasion and migration, and other biological processes in GBM. In addition, knockdown of PSMD9 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in LN229 and A172 GBM cells. Moreover, PSMD9 promoted the malignant progression of GBM in vivo. GBM cell lines with high PSMD9 expression were more resistant to panobinostat, a potent deacetylase inhibitor, than those with low PSMD9 expression. In vitro and in vivo experiments further validated that PSMD9 overexpression rescued the GBM inhibitory effect of panobinostat.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into the value of the PSMD family in human GBM diagnosis and prognosis evaluation, and we further identified PSMD9 as a potential therapeutic target. These findings may lead to the development of effective therapeutic strategies for GBM.
Does the brain sleep differently depending on intellectual abilities?
Authors: Thieux Marine , Zhang Min , Guignard‐Perret Anne , Mazza Stéphanie , Plancoulaine Sabine , Guyon Aurore , Franco Patricia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo compare the children's sleep electroencephalogram according to their intellectual profile.MethodsChildren were grouped according to their Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) scores (17 with normal intelligence quotient [IQ, NIQ] and 24 with high IQ [HIQ]). Comparisons of spectral power between groups and its relationship with WISC scores were assessed using analyses of variance and linear regression models, adjusted for age and sex.ResultsChildren with HIQ had more rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, especially late at night, and more power in slow‐frequency bands during REM sleep than those with NIQ. There were also positive associations between the processing speed index and the spectral power in β bands in NREM sleep, and with the spectral power in α, σ, β, and γ bands in REM sleep, with different associations between groups.ConclusionThe enhanced power in slow bands during REM sleep in children with HIQ overlaps with that of typical REM sleep oscillations thought to be involved in emotional memory consolidation. The dissimilar relationships between spectral power and WISC scores in NIQ and HIQ groups may underlie functional differences in brain activity related to cognitive efficiency, questioning the direction of the relationship between sleep and cognitive functioning.
Bacteriology and trends of antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in otitis media: A retrospective data analysis
Authors: Kang Dae Woong , Lee Hyun Jee , Bang Je Ho , Kim Sang Hoon , Byun Jae Yong , Park Moon Suh , Yeo Seung Geun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesOtitis media (OM) has a high prevalence worldwide and the treatment is crucial because hearing loss in children can lead to growth disorders such as language development disorders. The aim of this study is to analyse the changes in bacterial strains and the trends of antibiotic susceptibility in otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic otitis media (COM) and cholesteatomatous otitis media (Chole OM).DesignThis retrospective study involved 2926 patients diagnosed with OME, COM, or Chole OM between January 2000 and December 2020. The clinical data were collected and analysed through chart review from May 2021 to July 2021.SettingTwo tertiary medical centres.ParticipantsThe 2926 OM patients.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAn otorrhea sample was collected on the first day of their hospital visit. Middle ear fluid samples for bacterial culture and antibiotics susceptibility test were collected from patients during middle ear surgery, including ventilation tube insertion. In each type of OM, the distribution of bacterial strains in the 2000s and the 2010s was compared. In addition, changes in the detection rate of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and trends in their antibiotic susceptibility over the last 10 years were analysed.ResultsThe most frequently detected bacterial strains in OME, COM and Chole OM over the study period were coagulase‐negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (29.6%), MRSA (24.1%), and PA (20.1%). Compared to the 2000s, the proportion of non‐typable Haemophilus influenzae in OME and MRSA in COM increased in the 2010s (27.4%–31.6% and 1.5%–29.5%, respectively). In total three types of OM, although there was no significant trend of change in detection rates of MRSA, PA, and multidrug resistant‐P. aeruginosa (MDR‐PA) during the last 10 years, resistance to the Quinolone class of MRSA and PA tended to increase (P < .05).ConclusionsThe composition of bacterial strains in each types of OM has changed over the past 20 years. Additionally, the antibiotic resistance of MRSA and PA has increased in the last decade. Therefore, when using empirical antibiotics in necessary situations, it is necessary to change to an appropriate antibiotic through a bacterial culture test and antimicrobial susceptibility test.
Climate change drives loss of bacterial gut mutualists at the expense of host survival in wild meerkats
Authors: Risely Alice , Müller‐Klein Nadine , Schmid Dominik W. , Wilhelm Kerstin , Clutton‐Brock Tim H. , Manser Marta B. , Sommer Simone 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClimate change and climate‐driven increases in infectious disease threaten wildlife populations globally. Gut microbial responses are predicted to either buffer or exacerbate the negative impacts of these twin pressures on host populations. However, examples that document how gut microbial communities respond to long‐term shifts in climate and associated disease risk, and the consequences for host survival, are rare. Over the past two decades, wild meerkats inhabiting the Kalahari have experienced rapidly rising temperatures, which is linked to the spread of tuberculosis (TB). We show that over the same period, the faecal microbiota of this population has become enriched in Bacteroidia and impoverished in lactic acid bacteria (LAB), a group of bacteria including Lactococcus and Lactobacillus that are considered gut mutualists. These shifts occurred within individuals yet were compounded over generations, and were better explained by mean maximum temperatures than mean rainfall over the previous year. Enriched Bacteroidia were additionally associated with TB exposure and disease, the dry season and poorer body condition, factors that were all directly linked to reduced future survival. Lastly, abundances of LAB taxa were independently and positively linked to future survival, while enriched taxa did not predict survival. Together, these results point towards extreme temperatures driving an expansion of a disease‐associated pathobiome and loss of beneficial taxa. Our study provides the first evidence from a longitudinally sampled population that climate change is restructuring wildlife gut microbiota, and that these changes may amplify the negative impacts of climate change through the loss of gut mutualists. While the plastic response of host‐associated microbiotas is key for host adaptation under normal environmental fluctuations, extreme temperature increases might lead to a breakdown of coevolved host–mutualist relationships.
Statin use impairs muscle strength recovery in post‐stroke patients with sarcopenia
Authors: Matsumoto Ayaka , Yoshimura Yoshihiro , Nagano Fumihiko , Bise Takahiro , Kido Yoshifumi , Shimazu Sayuri , Shiraishi Ai 
Published: July 2023

AimThe effects of statins on muscle health are not well established. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of statin use on muscle strength and mass recovery in patients with sarcopenia after stroke.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included stroke patients with sarcopenia hospitalized between 2015 and 2021 at a post‐acute rehabilitation hospital. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass index measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis according to the 2019 criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The study outcomes included handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass index at hospital discharge. We used multivariate analyses to examine whether statin use was independently associated with the outcomes. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsOf the 586 patients enrolled, 241 (mean age 79.3 years, 44.4% men) presented with sarcopenia and were included in the analysis. Statin use was observed in 61 (25.3%) patients. Statin use was independently negatively associated with handgrip strength at discharge (β = −0.095, P = 0.032), but not with skeletal muscle mass index at discharge (β = 0.019, P = 0.692).ConclusionsStatin use was negatively associated with muscle strength recovery, but not with muscle mass in patients with sarcopenia who underwent rehabilitation after stroke. To maximize outcomes, sufficient consideration is needed for statin use in these patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 676–683.
Sleep deficiency among people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A growing challenge
Authors: Reisert Hailey , Miner Brienne , Farhadian Shelli 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose of reviewThe purpose of this narrative review is to consolidate and summarize the existing literature on sleep deficiency among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH), to discuss the potential impact of antiretroviral therapy on sleep deficiency and to identify priorities for future research in this area.Recent findingsThree important domains of sleep deficiency include alterations in sleep quality (including sleep disorders), duration and timing. The existing HIV and sleep deficiency literature, which is robust for sleep quality but sparser for sleep duration or sleep timing, has identified epidemiological correlates and outcomes associated with sleep deficiency including sociodemographic factors, HIV‐specific factors, aspects of physical and mental health and cognition.SummarySleep deficiency is a common problem among PLWH and is likely underdiagnosed, although more high‐quality research is needed in this area. Sleep quality has received the most attention in the literature via methodologies that assess subjective/self‐reported sleep quality, objective sleep quality or both. There is significantly less research on sleep duration and minimal research on sleep timing. Use of certain antiretroviral therapy drugs may be associated with sleep deficiency for some individuals. Future research should utilize larger, longitudinal studies with consistent, comprehensive and validated methods to assess both subjective and objective measures of sleep deficiency to better understand the prevalence, correlates and clinical implications of sleep deficiency in PLWH.
Next generation antibacterial strategies for regenerative endodontic procedures: A scoping review
Authors: Leveque Marianne , Guittat Marie , Thivichon‐Prince Béatrice , Reuzeau Alicia , Eveillard Matthieu , Faure Marjorie , Farges Jean‐Christophe , Richert Raphaël , Bekhouche Mourad , Ducret Maxime 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical results following regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) vary according to numerous parameters, including the presence of bacteria. This limitation reduces the indications for REPs and calls for the development of next generation antibacterial strategies (NGAS) providing alternatives to current antibacterial strategies (CAS) such as double or triple antibiotic paste (DAP/TAP) and (Ca(OH)2).ObjectivesThe present scoping review aims to describe the current trends regarding the use of such strategies and highlight future perspectives.MethodsFour databases (PUBMed, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials and Science Direct) were searched until 1st May 2023.ResultsA total of 918 records were identified, 133 were screened and assessed for eligibility, and 87 articles were included. The findings show that (1) clinical studies are only available for CAS, (2) although next generation strategies are the most studied approach since 2017, they are all at the pre‐clinical stage, (3) most of the next generation strategies use galenic forms which offer cell support and colonization and which simultaneously contain antibacterial molecules as alternatives to CAS and to antibiotics in general, (4) standardization is required for future research, specifically regarding the bacterial strains studied, the use of biofilm studies and the cellular behaviour assessments.ConclusionAlthough NGAS are promising strategies to improve REPs in the context of infection, the current evidence is mostly limited to pre‐clinical studies. Further methodological improvement is required to allow relevant comparisons between studies and to reduce the time from bench to bedside.
The association between ambient pollutants and influenza transmissibility: A nationwide study involving 30 provinces in China
Authors: Yang Jiao , Fan Guohui , Zhang Li , Zhang Ting , Xu Yunshao , Feng Luzhao , Yang Weizhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of exposure to ambient pollutants on influenza transmissibility is poorly understood. We aim to examine the associations of six ambient pollutants with influenza transmissibility in China and assess the effect of the depletion of susceptibles.MethodsProvincial‐level surveillance data on weekly influenza‐like illness (ILI) incidence and viral activity were utilized to estimate the instantaneous reproduction number (Rt) using spline functions. Log‐linear regression and the distributed lag non‐linear model (DLNM) were employed to investigate the effects of ambient pollutants—ozone (O3), particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), particulate matter ≤10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide (CO)—on influenza transmissibility across 30 Chinese provinces from 2014 to 2019. Additionally, the potential effects of the depletion of susceptibles and regional characteristics were explored.ResultsThere is a significantly positive correlation between influenza transmissibility and five distinct ambient pollutants: PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, and NO2. On average, these ambient pollutants explained percentages of the variance in Rt: 0.8%, 0.8%, 1.9%, 1.3%, and 1.4%, respectively. Conversely, O3 was found to be negatively associated with Rt, explaining 1.5% of the variance in Rt. When controlling for the effect of susceptibles depletion, the effects of all pollutants were more pronounced. The effects of PM2.5, PM10, CO, and SO2 were higher in the eastern and southern regions.ConclusionsMost ambient pollutants may potentially contribute to the facilitation of human‐to‐human influenza virus transmission in China. This observed association was maintained even after adjusting for variation in the susceptible population.