bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population genomic analysis reveals geographic structure and climatic diversification for Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from soybean and dry bean across the United States, Puerto Rico, and Colombia
Authors: Ortiz Viviana , Chang Hao-Xun , Sang Hyunkyu , Jacobs Janette , Malvick Dean K. , Baird Richard , Mathew Febina M. , Estévez de Jensen Consuelo , Wise Kiersten A. , Mosquera Gloria M. , Chilvers Martin I. 
Published: June 2023

Macrophomina phaseolina causes charcoal rot, which can significantly reduce yield and seed quality of soybean and dry bean resulting from primarily environmental stressors. Although charcoal rot has been recognized as a warm climate-driven disease of increasing concern under global climate change, knowledge regarding population genetics and climatic variables contributing to the genetic diversity of M. phaseolina is limited. This study conducted genome sequencing for 95 M. phaseolina isolates from soybean and dry bean across the continental United States, Puerto Rico, and Colombia. Inference on the population structure using 76,981 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed that the isolates exhibited a discrete genetic clustering at the continental level and a continuous genetic differentiation regionally. A majority of isolates from the United States (96%) grouped in a clade with a predominantly clonal genetic structure, while 88% of Puerto Rican and Colombian isolates from dry bean were assigned to a separate clade with higher genetic diversity. A redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to estimate the contributions of climate and spatial structure to genomic variation (11,421 unlinked SNPs). Climate significantly contributed to genomic variation at a continental level with temperature seasonality explaining the most variation while precipitation of warmest quarter explaining the most when spatial structure was accounted for. The loci significantly associated with multivariate climate were found closely to the genes related to fungal stress responses, including transmembrane transport, glycoside hydrolase activity and a heat-shock protein, which may mediate climatic adaptation for M. phaseolina. On the contrary, limited genome-wide differentiation among populations by hosts was observed. These findings highlight the importance of population genetics and identify candidate genes of M. phaseolina that can be used to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that underly climatic adaptation to the changing climate.
Hypofractionated radiotherapy with immunochemotherapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Chaoyuan , Zeng Liang , Deng Chao , Jiang Wenjuan , Wang Yapeng , Zhou Yiguang , Liu Li , Wang Sisi , Zhou Chunhua , Qiu Zhenhua , Zeng Fanxu , Wu Fang , Weng Jie , Liu Xianling , Yang Nong , Ma Fang 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe combination of a PD-L1 inhibitor plus carboplatin/cisplatin and etoposide (EC/EP) has become a new standard first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Combining concurrent palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy of the thorax (HFRT) and immunochemotherapy may have a synergistic effect. In this study, we explored an optimal model of combination radiotherapy with immunochemotherapy as first-line treatment of ES-SCLC.Patients and methodsIn this multicenter single-arm phase 2 trial, patients with ES-SCLC received atezolizumab with EC/EP for two cycles (induction phase), then, those who did not progress received concurrent palliative HFRT and two cycles of atezolizumab with EC/EP (combination phase). Afterward they received atezolizumab every 3 weeks for a maximum of 2 years after study enrolment (maintenance phase). Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) was recommended. The primary endpoints were safety and tolerance; the second endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsForty patients were enrolled, and all had completed palliative HFRT and four cycles of immunochemotherapy. There were seven grade 3 adverse events (3 decreased neutrophil count, 1 anemia, 2 pneumonitis, 1 esoenteritis), two grade 4 adverse events (2 decreased white cell count) and no grade 5 toxicities. The pneumonitis rate was 12.5% (three grade 2 and two grade 3 events). At the median follow-up of 14.2 months (range, 6.8–28.7), the median PFS was 8.6 months (95%CI, 6.1–11.1).ConclusionThe addition of concurrent hypofractionated thoracic radiotherapy to first-line immunochemotherapy for ES-SCLC was well tolerated and showed promising clinical efficacy. Additional randomized trials are needed to validate benefits.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ (NCT 04636762).
The success of ornamental coral propagation in Banyuwangi East Java, Indonesia: observation of different depths and species
Authors: Johan Ofri , Ginanjar Rendy , Budiyanto Agus , Ardi Idil , Priyadi Agus , Kunzmann Andreas 
Published: June 2023

Ornamental corals have become the main attention objects for many hobbyists and have already become a source for foreign exchange in developing countries. Through ornamental coral propagation, the continuity of ornamental coral trade can be guaranteed and the level of damage is very limited. The propagation technique has been developed by ornamental coral exporters in several locations in Indonesia. This paper has two main objectives: a) to determine the site suitability of ornamental coral propagation locations and b) to provide a detailed description of the development and progress of ornamental coral propagation in Indonesia with first-hand information from 14 companies. The present study showed that the highest growth rate was found on branched specimens of E. glabrescens (2.50 cm) after 5 months, and the lowest growth rate was found on branched specimens of E. paraancora (0.42 cm). Corals with larger branches or with two or three branches of E. glabrescens and E. paraancora have a low mortality and increased the number of branches to three to four branches after 5 months. Small colonies also survive with a mortality of 20%. The cultured corals can grow optimally and have exotic colors when placed at different depths. Best coral growth was obtained from fast-growing coral species at a shallow depth (&lt;10 m). While medium depth (10–15 m) was suitable for corals with moderate growth rates, the deeper depths (&gt; 15 m) were characterized by bright-colored corals with slow-growing rates. Color quality and growth of corals are closely related to some supporting factors such as the suitability of locations that have different physical, biological, and chemical factors in different depths and thus follow different requirements among coral species. Location choices determine the success of coral cultivation both for ornamental and restoration purposes. These results are valuable background information for traded ornamental corals that can be utilized by propagators.
Cement–ash concrete with the addition of lime kiln dust
Authors: Dvorkin Leonid , Zhitkovsky Vadim 
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the effect of lime kiln dust (LKD) on the properties of concrete mixtures and concrete using Portland cement and fly ash. A possible mechanism for the formation of the structure of cement–ash paste with the addition of LKD is analyzed in detail. The positive effect of LKD on hydration (an increase in the content of hydration water by 40.50%) and structure formation due to an increase in the alkalinity of the cement–ash paste is shown. Using the method of the experiment mathematical planning, experimental–statistical polynomial models of the concrete component (Portland cement, fly ash, dust, superplasticizer, and aggregates) content influence on the workability of the concrete mixture and the strength of concrete at different ages were obtained. The introduction of lime–carbonate components into concrete mixtures increases the strength of concrete by 27%–54%. At the same time, with the consumption of cement up to 200 kg/m3, ash 100.150 kg/m3, and LKD 50.100 kg/m3, it seems possible to obtain concrete with a compressive strength of 20.30 MPa. The obtained models were analyzed, which made it possible to establish the positive effect of LKD additive on the compressive strength of concrete at the age of 7–180 days.
Recommendations on the structure, personal, and organization of intensive care units
Authors: Waydhas Christian , Riessen Reimer , Markewitz Andreas , Hoffmann Florian , Frey Lorenz , Böttiger Bernd W. , Brenner Sebastian , Brenner Thorsten , Deffner Teresa , Deininger Matthias M. , Janssens Uwe , Kluge Stefan , Marx Gernot , Schwab Stefan , Unterberg Andreas W. , Walcher Felix , van den Hooven Thomas 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundIntensive care units (ICU) are central facilities of medical care in hospitals world-wide and pose a significant financial burden on the health care system.ObjectivesTo provide guidance and recommendations for the requirements of (infra)structure, personal, and organization of intensive care units.Design and settingDevelopment of recommendations based on a systematic literature search and a formal consensus process from a group of multidisciplinary and multiprofessional specialists from the German Interdisciplinary Association of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI). The grading of the recommendation follows the report from an American College of Chest Physicians Task Force.ResultsThe recommendations cover the fields of a 3-staged level of intensive care units, a 3-staged level of care with respect to severity of illness, qualitative and quantitative requirements of physicians and nurses as well as staffing with physiotherapists, pharmacists, psychologists, palliative medicine and other specialists, all adapted to the 3 levels of ICUs. Furthermore, proposals concerning the equipment and the construction of ICUs are supplied.ConclusionThis document provides a detailed framework for organizing and planning the operation and construction/renovation of ICUs.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN KSUPP (P) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH UIN JAKARTA
Authors: Latif Asep Ediana , Luma Meiskyarti 
Published: June 2023

Berbicara adalah salah satu bentuk keterampilan berbahasa yang penting dimiliki oleh siswa. Keterampilan berbahasa berbicara telah dilatihkan sejak dini. Namun, hasil pembelajaran berbicara masih sangat jauh dari harapan. Masih Banyak siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dalam pembelajaran berbicara. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh bahwa sikap mental, seperti rasa malu, takut, cemas, dan tidak percaya diri menjadi faktor yang paling utama menyebabkan kesulitan dalam pembelajaran. adapun penghambat lain adalah motivasi yang kurang, kebiasaan belajar yang buruk, penguasaan kebahasaan yang masih rendah, hubungan/interaksi antara guru dan siswa yang masih rendah, media pembelajaran yang kurang menarik, dan hubungan/interaksi antarsiswa yang belum terjalin. Hal lain yaitu keterbatasan pemahaman guru mengenai strategi pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara yang dapat mengakibatkan kesenjangan antara harapan dan kenyataan. Padahal, dalam strategi pembelajaran ini adalah salah satu aspek yang menentukan kebarhasilan pembelajaran. Karena hal itu, guru dituntut lebih memiliki pemahaman yang memadai dan mampu menerapkan berbagai bentuk strategi dalam pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara. Strategi pembelajaran yang akan dipilih seharusnya mampu memberikan kesempatan selebar-lebarnya pada siswa untuk berlatih berbicara, bukan hanya belajar tentang bahasa. Strategi pembelajaran yang utama tentunya akan mampu meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara siswa.
أسباب الضعف الإملائي لدى طلبة كلية الادارة والاقنصاد في جامعة بغداد وطرائق معالجتها من وجهة نظر الندريسيين والطلبة
Authors: م. رافد صباح التميمي  
Published: June 2023

تأملت كثيراً من كتابات الطلبة في المرحلة الجامعية الأولى ؛ فساءني أنها لا تجيدالتفريق بين حروف اللغة العربية ءكما أنها كثيرة الخلط والتشويه لحروف لغتنا لغةالقرآن الكريم ؛ رأيتها تنتقل من سيئ إلى أسوأ حتى انحدرت إلى القاع ؛ والحق أنمشكلة الكتابة والإملاء تواجه الطلبة على اختلاف مراحلهم كما أنها تؤرق علماء اللغةعامة والقائمين على تعليمها خاصة . لقد توافق الناس على أن الخطأ الاملائي عيب في الكاتب ؛ مما لاشك فيه أنالرسم الاملائي الخاطئ يسبب صعوبة في قراءة المكتوب وعدم فهمه ء( فريلند ‎0١٦٥٦‏‏ص ‎)٢٨٨‏ ؛ وكثير ما يكون الخطأ الكتابي في الاملاء سبباً في تحريف المعنى ؛ وعدموضوح الفكرة ‎(١‏ شحاتة ‎.١٩٩٦4‏ ص ‎)١٣‏ ؛ وإن الكتابة وسيلة من وسائل الاتصال بينالبشرء والطالب يعبر عن أفكاره ءويبرز ما لديه من معلومات ومشاعر ويسجل ما يراهمن حوادث ووقائع؛ والخط والإملاء وسيلته إلى ذلك؛ والخطأ الكتابي في الإملاء أو فيعرض فكرة ما سبب في قلب المعنى وعدم الفهم الدقيق له فهما صائباً 3 وأن الخطأ فيالضبط والتشكيل سبب في التباس المعنىء مثل من قرأ قوله :" إن الله بريء منالمشركين ورسوله " بجر كلمة ارسوله" بدلاً من قراءتها بالرفع ؛ ومن ثم فإن الكتابةالصحيحة والضبط السليم عمليتان مهمتان في التعليم بوصفهما عنصران أساسيان منعناصر الثقافة وضرورة اجتماعية لنقل الفكر والتعبير عنه؛ والوقوف على أفكار الآخرينوالإلمام بها ؛ والطالب يعتمد في تعلم رسم الحروف والكلمات بشكل أساسي على التقليدوالمحاكاة .
KLASIFIKASI TEKS BERITA BERBAHASA INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN MACHINE LEARNING DAN DEEP LEARNING: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Alfando Alfando , Hayami Regiolina 
Published: June 2023

Berita merupakan suatu opini aktual yang menarik dan akurat serta dianggap penting bagi sejumlah besar pembaca, pendengar, maupun penonton. Sebuah dokumen berita seringkali mengacu pada lebih dari satu kategori, sehingga perlu menggunakan metode Klasifikasi yang tidak hanya cepat tetapi juga dapat mengelompokkan teks berita menjadi beberapa kategori. Data yang digunakan sudah terlabel dengan kategori-kategori yang relevan. Data yang digunakan berasal dari berbagai sumber berita dalam bahasa Indonesia. Data tersebut kemudian diproses untuk menghasilkan fitur-fitur yang dapat merepresentasikan teks berita secara numerik, seperti penghitungan kata-kata yang muncul pada teks. Beberapa algoritma Machine Learning dan Deep Learning yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Multinominal Naive Bayes, Long Short-Term Memory, Multi Layer Perceptron, dan Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan lainnya. Kinerja dari setiap algoritma dievaluasi menggunakan beberapa metrik evaluasi, seperti accuracy, precision, recall, hamming loss dan F1 score. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Support Vector Machine (SVM) memberikan kinerja yang terbaik diantara algoritma Machine Learning lainnya dengan nilai accuracy sebesar 94,24%. Sedangkan pada algoritma Deep Learning, Long Short-Term Memory mendapatkan nilai accuracy sebesar 95%. Klasifikasi multi-label pada teks berita bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan Machine Learning dan Deep Learning memiliki potensi untuk diterapkan pada berbagai aplikasi seperti klasifikasi otomatis pada platform berita online atau monitoring isu-isu terkini yang berkaitan dengan topik tertentu
Build General Machine Intelligence Based on the Brain’s General Stimulation-Response Mechanism That Can Decompose the Semantics in Natural Language
Authors: Tang Lei 
Published: June 2023

<p>The human natural language is the operation system of our consciousness activity, and before it appeared we human interacted with the nature and each other typically through the image and sound, of course human beings also are the part of nature. The use of tools catalyzes the generation of natural language, in which the semantics space established in the image and sound of nature has been expanded greatly. The brain consciousness behavior depends on the attention mechanism which can extract the specified semantics, and this paper introduces the brain’s general stimulation-response mechanism that can decompose the semantics in natural language. Based on this kind of mechanism rather than computing-power and the current computer processing ability, it is sure that we are able to better simulate the brain intelligence. </p>
Gestão da Diversidade e Novas Tecnologias no Contexto Educacional
Authors: Krelling Regina Coeli Morais , Morais Júnior Gilson de Oliveira , Martins Clóvis Maxwell Andrade 
Published: June 2023

O presente trabalho traz uma abordagem sobre o papel dos gestores educacionais e a utilização das tecnologias no atendimento à diversidade. Versa sobre o conceito de cultura, diversidade e diversidade cultural, aqui, como demanda que requer um atendimento diferenciado, nas instituições educacionais, porém inclusivo. As Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) ou as Novas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (NTICs) são aliadas das escolas, com potencial para favorecer o fazer pedagógico. Os problemas de implementação das tecnologias de informação são desafiadores, exigindo que toda a instituição participe desse trabalho de inclusão das minorias. A maneira como esse processo é conduzido também é a base desse projeto. As escolas, através de seus gestores, buscam por estratégias que beneficiem esse contingente de pessoas, quase não visibilizadas, fruto de sequelas de um passado de sofrimento e injustiças sociais. Nosso propósito é tão somente suscitar reflexões para problemas que não são novos, mas que ainda encontram entraves, desafiadores, contudo, possíveis de serem administrados.
Palavras-chave: Diversidade. Gestores. Tecnologias educacionais.
In- Silico Drug Design and Molecular Docking Studies of Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase (PARP-1) Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Pathak Maneesha , Singh Anita , Rawal Pooja , Sah Arcahana N , Naidu Subbarao 
Published: June 2023

Background of the Topic: Drug discovery employs bioinformatics and computational biology (CADD) approaches for the identification and optimization of lead compounds. The PARP-1 is the member of the PARP family. PARP-1 is the enzyme that repairs the DNA damage in cancer cell hence it is selected as the target for the study. PARP inhibitors were shown the prominent results in the treatment of different kinds of malignancies due to loss of function of BRCA1/2 genes.
Methodology: Based on literature review, database search, ADME and MD simulation, top 10 selected ligands were screened and tested against PARP-1 (4R6E) protein using molecular docking (Glide and Gold software), protein ligand interaction by LIGPLOT analysis. Molecular simulation studies were performed using DESMOND software afterwards on the top compound (CHEMBL378794).
Results: All top 10 compounds showed binding affinity based inhibitory potential against the PARP-1 protein. The highest binding affinities from top 10 compounds towards anticancer targets were exhibited by CHEMBL378794 and CHEMBL245559.
Discussion: The comparative analysis of 4R6E and the identified hits using MD simulation exhibited better stability of the binding domain with these molecules suggesting their strong interaction and selectivity towards PARP-1.
Conclusion: This study showed the significant results in cancer treatment and their strong interaction with PARP-1 binding BRCT domain. Hence, these molecules could further be carried forward to explore their potency against PARP-1 sensitive cancer.
RP-HPLC Based Stability Indicating Assay of Evogliptin and Metformin: Development and Validation of the Analytical Method
Authors: Gupta Surya Prakash , Singh Sachin 
Published: June 2023

Background: Several new fixed dose combinations have been recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of disease conditions. All these combinations require specific, accurate and precise analytical methods for estimation for simultaneous estimation.
Methods: A new RP-HPLC method was developed for the stability indication of evogliptin and metformin in tablets and it was validated as per ICH guidelines. The chromatogram for was found to be satisfactory on symmetry C-18 (4.6×150mm, 5µ Kromasil column) using phosphate buffer (pH 4.5) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 30:70 v/v at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min.
Results: The retention time of evogliptin and metformin were found to be 7.03 min and 9.50 min respectively. The system suitability parameters proved that the proposed method was found to be suitable for stability indication of evogliptin and metformin. Tailing factor for the peak was found to be 1.003 and 1.258. The method was found to be linear in the range of 10-50µg/ml for both the drugs. The precision of the method was good and the recovery of drugs is well within the acceptance limits of 80-120%. The LOD and LOQ was found to be 0.003 µg/ml, 0.12 µg/ml and for evogliptin and 0.09 µg/ml and 0.03 µg/ml for metformin.
Conclusion: A simple, accurate and precise method tor routine analysis of the combination of evogliptin and metformin was developed and was applicable for the stability analysis of the combination.
Cognitive status of hospitalized therapeutic elderly patients
Authors: Krasivina I. G. , Evgenyeva A. V. , Zhomova M. V. , Lavrukhina A. A. , Boitsova N. M. , Osipova Yu. A. 
Published: June 2023

Relevance. In connection with the trend toward an increase in life expectancy and aging of the population, the issue of timely detection and treatment of geriatric disorders in elderly and senile patients becomes relevant. The aim of the study is to analyze cognitive impairment in hospitalized elderly and senile patients.Materials and methods. The study involved 93 patients older than 75 years, namely 63 women (80,2±5,0 years) and 30 men (80,2±6,4 years). All patients underwent a brief geriatric examination. The probability of frailty syndrome was assessed using the "Age is not a barrier" questionnaire, the risk of falls was assessed using the Morse scale. Cognitive status was determined using the MINI-COG questionnaire and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale. The data of biochemical blood tests (creatinine, uric acid, glucose, total cholesterol and lipid spectrum, K, Na) were also taken into account.Results. Normal cognitive status was recorded in women 2,5 times more often than in men. Patients with dementia were more likely to be obese than those without dementia (70% versus 35%; χ2=4,46; p=0,035). Cognitive impairment was accompanied by a decrease in physical functioning: the risk of falls on the Morse scale in the group of patients with dementia was 25% (p=0,038) higher, and the score on the "Age is not a barrier" test was 45% (p=0,009) worse than in patients without dementia. Patients with dementia tended to hyperuricemia and hypokalemia. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed inverse relationships between MMSE scores and the presence of arterial hypertension (r=–0,43; p<0,05) and type 2 diabetes (r=–0,33; p<0,05), with physical functioning ("Age is not a barrier": r=–0,49; p<0,05 / Morse: r=–0,41; p<0,05), with uric acid level (r=–0,61; p<0,05) and creatinine (r=–0,37; p<0,05). The presence of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus was combined with a more pronounced decrease in cognitive potential.Conclusions. The share of elderly patients reached 80% of all hospitalized persons. Dementia is 25% more common in men than in women. The presence of arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and obesity increased the risk of dementia. The presence of dementia limits the physical functioning of patients by 45% and increases the risk of falls by 25%.