bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of heat‐moisture treatment and pre‐gelatinization on functional, mechanical, and barrier properties of basmati rice starch films
Authors: Zareen Saba , Nawab Anjum , Alam Feroz , Hadi Alina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study investigated the effect of heat‐moisture treatment (HMT) and pre‐gelatinization (PG) on the physical, mechanical, barrier, and optical features of films based on starch extracted from the Pakistani well‐known variety “Basmati rice.” The thermal disintegration of granules was indicated by Scanning Electron Micrographs for HMT film.FindingsThe results of the study showed that the solubility of films in water was reduced in the following sequence: Pre‐gelatinized rice starch film (33.66%) > Native rice starch (NRS) film (30.42%) > Heat moisture‐treated rice starch (HMTRS) film (26.90%). The lowest water‐soluble HMTRS film showed increased water transfer resistance and both treatments (HMT and PG) reduced water vapor permeability values of NRS from 2.49 × 10−10 to 1.25 × 10−10 g−1 s−1 Pa−1 and 1.34 × 10−10 g−1 s−1 Pa−1, respectively.ConclusionsHMT induced structural deviations that impact higher changes in color parameters and reduced transparency while both modified films had higher elongation at break than NRS films, but PG films had lower TS as compared to the HMT and NRS films.Significance and NoveltyThe lower water vapor permeability of HMT films makes them suitable for packaging moisture‐sensitive food products, while PG films can find use in the packaging of products that are sensitive to light.
Base Pair Stacking Modulates Solid‐State Charge Transport in DNA Hairpins
Authors: Wang Huili , Zhang Yongkang , Zhang Ziang , Huang Bing , Li Bingling , Guo Cunlan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractParticular interest has been focused on modulation of solid‐state charge transport (CT) in DNA. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to do so in a sensitive and predictive manner due to the lack of a definite relationship between DNA base pair stacking and DNA CT. The challenges can be mainly attributed to the ill‐defined systems, which may lead to ambiguous and even contradictory conclusions. Here, we use DNA hairpins to construct the well‐defined self‐assembled monolayers. We reveal nearly positive‐linear correlations between DNA conformation and CT in the DNA hairpins regulated with metal ion chelation and DNA sequence. The correlations have been confirmed by the solid‐state current‐voltage characteristics and circular dichroism in solution. The enhanced CT via metal ion chelated DNA hairpins is mainly from the improved DNA energy coupling to electrodes, not the almost unchanged energy barrier when Hg ion‐induced DNA conformational switches toward the canonical B‐form.
Les organisations internationales et la résolution des problèmes mondiaux: Une analyse qualitative quantitative comparée de l'impact de l'autonomie, de l'expérience et des ressources financières sur leur capacité à atteindre leurs objectifs
Authors: Plourde Yves , Prémont‐Picard Anne Sophie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe examine the role autonomy plays for International Organisations (IO) in achieving their objectives. Using a configurational approach, we theorize four scenarios of the impact of autonomy in relation to their experience and the financial resources at their disposal. Our results, based on a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) applied to 20 IOs of the United Nations (UN) system, demonstrate that autonomy can be a condition for both the success or the failure of an IO. Our research calls for the development of a systems theory of the performance of IOs that considers the interdependence of conditions and the equifinality of solutions that explain the success (the failure) of organizations in the pursuit of their mission.
MXenes Functionalized with Macrocyclic Hosts: From Molecular Design to Applications
Authors: Li Run‐Hao , Lin Qian , Li Shu‐Lan , Sun Yue , Liu Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) MXene has aroused wide attention for its excellent physical and chemical properties. The interlayer engineering formed by layer‐by‐layer stacking of MXene nanosheets can be employed for molecular sieving and water purification by incorporating specific groups onto the exterior surface of MXene. Macrocyclic hosts exhibiting unique structural features and recognition ability can construct smart devices for external stimuli with reversible features between macrocycles and guests. On that basis, macrocyclic hosts can be anchored to MXene to provide numerous insights into their compositions and intercalation states. In this review, the MXene prepared based on macrocyclic hosts from molecular design to applications is highlighted. Various MXenes functionalized with macrocyclic hosts are empowered in functional membrane (including water purification, organic solvent nanofiltration, and electromagnetic shielding), photocatalysis, sensing, and adsorption (interactions with specific guest). Hopefully, this review can bring new inspiration to the design of multifunctional MXene‐based materials and improving its practical applications.
Novel Matrix Normalization Technique for Accurate LC‐ESI‐MS/MS Detection and Quantification of Drugs and Their Metabolites in Toxicology Research and Practice
Authors: Rosano Thomas G. , Rumberger John M. , Scholz Kiley L. , Konetchy Robert M. , Wood Michelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAccurate identification and quantification of drugs and their metabolites (analytes) in biological matrices is an analytical foundation of clinical and forensic toxicology. For decades, liquid chromatography interfaced by electrospray ionization with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) has been a widely used technology for analysis in the field of toxicology, as well as in many other fields of bioscience. It is also known that ion response in LC‐ESI‐MS/MS analysis is influenced by coeluting biological compounds and that preanalytical sample clean‐up is often insufficient in removing these interferences. As a result, a normalization technique is commonly used for assessment and compensation of matrix effects encountered in routine analysis. Internal standardization with a stable isotope analog of the analyte is the predominant normalization technique used in LC‐ESI‐MS/MS analysis. The technique, however, requires commercial availability or costly custom synthesis of an isotopic analog specific for each analyte. Here we describe an alternative technique for matrix normalization for use in high‐volume, multianalyte testing without the need for isotope analogs. The technique involves analysis of the original sample (neat analysis) followed by analysis of a second sample aliquot (spike analysis) that has been fortified with a controlled amount of reference analyte. A calibration procedure similar to internal standardization is employed, using an ion response ratio of neat to fortified analyte. As a demonstration of the technique in multianalyte testing, we provide a detailed protocol for simultaneous detection and quantification of 102 drugs and drug metabolites in human urine. We also provide a support protocol for addition of new analytes to the multianalyte panel, allowing convenient collection of the validation data during routine testing. The matrix normalization technique and testing principles may be applicable to a wide range of analytes and biological matrices, not only those encountered in toxicology but also in other fields of bioscience. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Detection and quantification of 102 toxicology analytes in urine by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS analysis using the threshold accurate calibration techniqueSupport Protocol: Method for addition and validation of new analytes to expand the Basic Protocol
A successful treatment case of refractory hemorrhagic ulcer with eosinophilic gastritis by endoscopic hand suturing
Authors: Nakagome Shun , Koizumi Eriko , Goto Osamu , Kitamura Michika , Kawami Noriyuki , Higuchi Kazutoshi , Onda Takeshi , Omori Jun , Akimoto Naohiko , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA 78‐year‐old man was admitted to our hospital with a tarry stool. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy identified tiny oozing on the greater curvature at the antrum. Despite repeated endoscopic hemostasis by coagulation and clipping, rebleeding occurred. On the third rebleeding, we performed endoscopic hand suturing to completely close the ulcer surface. Biopsy showing massive infiltration of eosinophils at the ulcer edge indicated eosinophilic gastritis. After the endoscopic closure by endoscopic hand suturing, the patient had no symptoms of bleeding thereafter and was discharged 19 days after the procedure by taking oral prednisolone. The patient remained well and was continuously treated with a small dose of steroids in outpatient. This is the first case report of the successful application of endoscopic hand suturing to a refractory hemorrhagic ulcer. Further accumulation of clinical experiences is desired to confirm the usefulness of this technique for the prevention of refractory ulcer bleeding.
Augmentation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling in cranial neural crest cells in mice deforms skull base due to premature fusion of intersphenoidal synchondrosis
Authors: Ueharu Hiroki , Pan Haichun , Hayano Satoru , Zapien‐Guerra Karen , Yang Jingwen , Mishina Yuji 
Published: January 2023

SummaryCraniofacial anomalies (CFAs) are a diverse group of disorders affecting the shapes of the face and the head. Malformation of the cranial base in humans leads CFAs, such as midfacial hypoplasia and craniosynostosis. These patients have significant burdens associated with breathing, speaking, and chewing. Invasive surgical intervention is the current primary option to correct these structural deficiencies. Understanding molecular cellular mechanism for craniofacial development would provide novel therapeutic options for CFAs. In this study, we found that enhanced bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) (P0‐Cre;caBmpr1a mice) causes premature fusion of intersphenoid synchondrosis (ISS) resulting in leading to short snouts and hypertelorism. Histological analyses revealed reduction of proliferation and higher cell death in ISS at postnatal day 3. We demonstrated to prevent the premature fusion of ISS in P0‐Cre;caBmpr1a mice by injecting a p53 inhibitor Pifithrin‐α to the pregnant mother from E15.5 to E18.5, resulting in rescue from short snouts and hypertelorism. We further demonstrated to prevent premature fusion of cranial sutures in P0‐Cre;caBmpr1a mice by injecting Pifithrin‐α through E8.5 to E18.5. These results suggested that enhanced BMP‐p53‐induced cell death in cranial NCCs causes premature fusion of ISS and sutures in time‐dependent manner.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Glycosyl Cyanides by TMSOTf‐Mediated Ring Opening of 1,6‐Anhydro Sugars
Authors: Liang Yan , Laporte Adrien G. , Bodlenner Anne , Compain Philippe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe describe herein a convenient access to glycosyl cyanides by way of TMSCN ring opening of 1,6‐anhydro sugars mediated by TMSOTf with modest to high stereocontrol in the D‐gluco, D‐galacto and D‐manno series. The reaction is tolerant to various functional groups including free alcohols, alkenes and terminal alkynes. The straightforward synthesis of a constrained analogue of 1‐cyano‐D‐glucal with a 3,6‐anhydro sugar framework is presented to illustrate the interest of the TMSCN ring‐opening reaction.
Ostrich oil as a fat substitute in milk‐based infant formula
Authors: Dalvi‐Isfahan Mohsen , Moammernezhad Zohreh , Tavakoli Javad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, the possibility of replacing vegetable fats with ostrich oil in infant formula (IF) production was investigated. The fatty acid profile, the positional distribution of fatty acids in the triacylglycerols, the cholesterol content, and the physicochemical properties of ostrich oil were determined and compared with breast milk fat and vegetable oils. In the next step, two infant formulas were produced using ostrich oil and vegetable oils and the physicochemical properties, rheological properties, color parameters, and sensory analysis of the resultant powders were compared. The results showed that the predominant fatty acids in ostrich oil are palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid which is similar to breast milk fat and vegetable oils. The presence of appropriate cholesterol content in ostrich oil makes it more similar to breast milk fat compared to vegetable fats. Palmitic acid was located at sn‐2 position in 15% triacylglycerol from ostrich fat, which was equal to the amount reported for vegetable fats. The incorporation of ostrich oil in infant formula production showed that there is no statistically significant difference between quality attributes of powder formulated with ostrich oil or vegetable oils. Therefore, ostrich oil can be introduced as a new source of edible oil, and addition of ostrich oil is an effective way to reduce the gap between the composition of breast milk and infant formula.
Sensory impairment and cognitive function among older adults in China: The mediating roles of anxiety and depressive symptoms
Authors: Liu Yixuan , Xu Yanling , Yang Xinyan , Miao Guomei , Wu Yinghui , Yang Shujuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesThrough a cross‐sectional study, we explored the association between sensory impairment and cognitive function in Chinese older adults, and tested the mediating roles of anxiety and depressive symptoms between this relationship.MethodsBased on the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, a total of 10,895 older adults aged 65 and above were selected as samples for research. Anxiety, depressive symptoms and cognitive function were evaluated by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D10) and the Chinese version of modified Mini‐Mental State Examination scales, respectively. Sensory impairment was assessed from self‐reported vision and hearing functions. Multiple linear regression and SPSS Macro PROCESS were used for statistical analysis.ResultsCompared with no sensory impairment, vision impairment (B = −1.012, 95%CI: −1.206, −0.818), hearing impairment (B = −2.683, 95%CI: −2.980, −2.386) and dual sensory impairment (B = −6.302, 95%CI: −6.585, −6.020) have a significant association with cognitive function in older adults, respectively. Anxiety and depressive symptoms not only acted as independent mediators, but also played sequential mediating effects on the relationship between sensory impairment and cognitive function.ConclusionsGreater attention should be paid to anxiety and depressive symptoms of older adults with sensory impairment, which might be beneficial to maintain cognitive function.
Implementation and spillovers of local non‐pharmaceutical interventions
Authors: Godøy Anna , Grøtting Maja Weemes 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze economic costs and consequences of local non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) aimed at containing the Covid‐19 pandemic. Using comprehensive data on municipal and regional policies in Norway, we implement a difference‐in‐differences framework identifying impacts of local NPIs from discontinuous differential shifts in outcomes following the implementation of new policies. In treated municipalities, local NPIs lead to persistent reductions in mobility, persistent increases in unemployment, and transient reductions in consumer spending. Analyses of spatial spillovers show that the implementation of local NPIs increases retail mobility in untreated neighboring municipalities. Overall, our findings suggest that local NPIs have economic consequences for local economies and induce residents to shift their consumption of goods and services to neighboring municipalities.
Outcomes of perioperative vasopressor use for hemodynamic management of patients undergoing free flap surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Michelle Lauren , Bitner Benjamin F. , Pang Jonathan C. , Berger Michael H. , Haidar Yarah M. , Rajan Govind R. , Tjoa Tjoson 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis investigates the objective evidence regarding outcomes in head and neck free flap surgeries using vasoactive agents in the perioperative period. A search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Inclusion criteria were clinical studies in which vasopressors were used in head and neck free flap surgery during the intraoperative and perioperative period. Eighteen studies (n = 5397) were included in the qualitative analysis and nine (n = 4381) in the meta‐analysis. There was no difference in flap failure outcomes with perioperative vasopressor use in head and neck free flap surgery (n = 4015, OR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.60, 1.44]). When patients received vasopressors perioperatively, there was an associated decrease in flap‐specific complications (n = 3881, OR = 0.69, 95% CI [0.55, 0.87]). Intraoperative vasopressor use does not negatively impact free tissue transfer outcomes in head and neck surgery and may reduce overall free flap complications.
Combined effect of multi‐injection scheme, injector nozzle bore, and biodiesel blends on combustion and performance characteristics of diesel engine
Authors: Al‐Abboodi Nhad K. Frhan , Al‐Waaly Ahmed A. Y. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany researchers have conducted extensive experimental and numerical studies to explore the influences of multiple types of fuels. The high demand of energy in the world has led to the growing crisis and depletion of fossil fuels. Therefore, the researchers have focused on investigating renewable energy sources like biodiesel with the aim of suggesting, which energy is more friendly to the environment. Biodiesel has specifications for using it as an alternative fuel to traditional fossil fuels. Whereas, the use of biodiesel fuel in the original design of Diesel engine can emit a higher percentage of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Therefore, to reduce the harmful emissions of the fuel, the injection schemes and injector nozzle bore (INB) of the engine were modified. The present research combines the effect of the nozzle hole diameters and split injection scheme on the performance and combustion parameters of compression ignition (CI) engine was investigated. The engine was fueled with diesel blended of different proportions (Sp20, Sp40, Sp60, and Sp100) of spirulina biodiesel to prove the suitability of this blend as an alternative fuel. The injector nozzle has three injection holes, and the diameter of the three modified holes of the nozzle is changing (from 0.20 to 0.28 mm, step 0.02 mm) along with two types of scheme injection (double and triple). Furthermore, the influence of the direct injection Diesel‐RK model, single‐cylinder, four‐stroke engine; constant compression ratio (17.5:1), engine speed (1500 rpm), and naturally aspired engine at full load condition are studied. A comparison of the present simulation is compared with published results to validate the present simulation model for conventional baseline Diesel for validation. The simulation was done to investigate and present a comparative study with the conventional baseline Diesel engine. The double injection scheme shows a decrease by 1.8%, 1.7%, and 1.9% for parameters of peak cylinder pressure (PCP), peak cylinder temperature (PCT), and maximum rate of pressure rise, respectively. Whereas, the specific fuel consumption (SFC) and break thermal efficiency are increased by 8.7% and 9.33%, respectively. The results showed a reduction by 2.1%, 20.5%, 22.1%, and 3.2% in PCP, PCT, maximum rate of pressure rise, and break thermal efficiency, respectively. Moreover, the SFC is increased by 3.1% with the modified INB 0.28 (mm).
Applying multi‐omics toward tumor microbiome research
Authors: Zhang Nan , Kandalai Shruthi , Zhou Xiaozhuang , Hossain Farzana , Zheng Qingfei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRather than a “short‐term tenant,” the tumor microbiome has been shown to play a vital role as a “permanent resident,” affecting carcinogenesis, cancer development, metastasis, and cancer therapies. As the tumor microbiome has great potential to become a target for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer, recent research on the relevance of the tumor microbiota has attracted a wide range of attention from various scientific fields, resulting in remarkable progress that benefits from the development of interdisciplinary technologies. However, there are still a great variety of challenges in this emerging area, such as the low biomass of intratumoral bacteria and unculturable character of some microbial species. Due to the complexity of tumor microbiome research (e.g., the heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment), new methods with high spatial and temporal resolution are urgently needed. Among these developing methods, multi‐omics technologies (combinations of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) are powerful approaches that can facilitate the understanding of the tumor microbiome on different levels of the central dogma. Therefore, multi‐omics (especially single‐cell omics) will make enormous impacts on the future studies of the interplay between microbes and tumor microenvironment. In this review, we have systematically summarized the advances in multi‐omics and their existing and potential applications in tumor microbiome research, thus providing an omics toolbox for investigators to reference in the future.
Adaptive denoising of photoacoustic signal and image based on modified Kalman filter
Authors: Hu Tianqu , Huang Zihao , Ge Peng , Gao Feng , Gao Fei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a burgeoning medical imaging method based on hybrid fusion of light and ultrasound, photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has demonstrated high potential in various biomedical applications, especially in revealing the functional and molecular information to improve diagnostic accuracy. However, stemming from weak amplitude and unavoidable random noise, caused by limited laser power and severe attenuation in deep tissue imaging, PA signals are usually of low signal‐to‐noise ratio, and reconstructed PA images are of low quality. Despite that conventional Kalman filter (KF) can remove Gaussian noise in time domain, it lacks adaptability in real‐time estimation due to its fixed model. Moreover, KF‐based denoising algorithm has not been applied in PAI before. In this paper, we propose an adaptive modified KF (MKF) targeted at PAI denoising by tuning system noise matrix Q and measurement noise matrix R in the conventional KF model. Additionally, in order to compensate the signal skewing caused by MKF, we cascade the backward part of Rauch–Tung–Striebel smoother, which utilizes the newly determined Q. Finally, as a supplement, we add a commonly used differential filter to remove in‐band reflection artifacts. Experimental results using phantom and ex vivo colorectal tissue are provided to prove validity of the algorithm.