bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological safety, communication openness, nurse job outcomes, and patient safety in hospital nurses
Authors: Cho Hyeonmi , Steege Linsey M. , Arsenault Knudsen Élise N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPromoting psychological safety in a workplace is known to contribute to improved job outcomes across a wide variety of industries. This study aimed to examine the relationships between psychological safety at work and job outcomes (i.e., job satisfaction and intention to leave), and patient safety among hospital nurses; and to determine the mediating effect of communication openness on these relationships. This cross‐sectional study used survey data from 867 hospital nurses working in the United States. Multiple logistic regression models and Hayes' PROCESS macro in SPSS were used. Nurses who worked in an environment with higher psychological safety levels were more likely to be satisfied in their current job, less likely to intend to leave their current job within the next year, and more likely to report favorable patient safety ratings. Communication openness mediated these relationships. When nurses feel psychologically safe at work, they are more likely to engage in open communication, which in turn can lead to greater job satisfaction, decreased turnover intention, and improved patient safety. Nurse managers should strive to develop leadership strategies that promote psychological safety in the work environment and support open communication among nurses.
Model‐free optimal tracking over finite horizon using adaptive dynamic programming
Authors: Jha Mayank Shekhar , Theilliol Didier , Weber Philippe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdaptive dynamic programming (ADP) based approaches are effective for solving nonlinear Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) in an approximative sense. This paper develops a novel ADP‐based approach, in that the focus is on minimizing the consecutive changes in control inputs over a finite horizon to solve the optimal tracking problem for completely unknown discrete time systems. To that end, the cost function considers within its arguments: tracking performance, energy consumption and as a novelty, consecutive changes in the control inputs. Through suitable system transformation, the optimal tracking problem is transformed to a regulation problem with respect to state tracking error. The latter leads to a novel performance index function over finite horizon and corresponding nonlinear HJB equation that is solved in an approximative iterative sense using a novel iterative ADP‐based algorithm. A suitable Neural network‐based structure is proposed to learn the initial admissible one step zero control law. The proposed iterative ADP is implemented using heuristic dynamic programming technique based on actor‐critic Neural Network structure. Finally, simulation studies are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Should individual animals be given names in wildlife reintroductions?
Authors: Auster Roger Edward , Puttock Alan , Bradbury Gareth , Brazier Richard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndividual animals are often given names by humans. For example, names are attributed to domestic animals to acknowledge their closeness to people, some research studies use names to identify differences between individuals in a study group, or zoos often use names to tell stories that attract public or media attention.Publicly naming individual animals can provide opportunities in conservation, but there are also risks. In this perspective we exemplify such opportunities and risks in the context of wildlife reintroductions. We draw on examples and observations from our experience researching Eurasian beaverCastor fiberreintroduction in England, to encourage careful thinking before publicly attributing a name to an individual in reintroduction projects.Naming individuals in reintroduction can: be a low‐cost engagement tool; help people relate to unfamiliar reintroduced species; encourage local ownership of reintroduction projects; enable an effective tool for communicating information about the species and ways to coexist; or support creative or cultural expression.Yet naming individuals in reintroduction could: risk misrepresentation of natural species characteristics; make it challenging to normalise the sense that the reintroduced species is a wild animal; unintentionally imply that humans have ownership or power over the animal; cause distraction from establishing viable populations due to focus on the individual; or result in human investment in individual animals, which may have influence on reintroduction outcomes if that animal later comes to harm or dies (naturally or otherwise).Synthesis and Applications. We argue there is more to the act of naming individuals than may first appear. If considering doing so, we call for careful thought about whether it is appropriate and how to go about it. While we intentionally refrain from concluding whether ‘to name or not to name’, we call for careful, informative, message framing that takes advantage of the opportunities and is prepared for future circumstances, when naming of individuals does take place.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
Facile synthesis of polystyrene‐coated carbon nanotubes via microwave‐assisted in‐situ polymerization and tuning of the DC electrical conductivity and impedance characteristics
Authors: Jalali Shohreh , Baniadam Majid , Maghrebi Morteza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn attempt has been made to tune the DC electrical conductivity and impedance characteristics of the nanocomposites by coating carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A microwave‐assisted in‐situ polymerization approach is utilized to coat the CNTs with polystyrene and no initiators are used. The nanocomposites are characterized by FE‐SEM, TEM, FT‐IR, Raman and TGA. Based on the morphological studies, a polystyrene layer is detected on the CNTs. According to the TGA results, the weight loss in the temperature range of polystyrene decomposition increases with increasing microwave irradiation time, suggesting a higher polystyrene content. Moreover, the DC electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites, as well as the real and imaginary impedance and dielectric permittivity are explored. It is shown that increasing the irradiation time decreases the DC electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity but increases the real and imaginary impedance. Since the thickness of the polystyrene layer depends on the duration of microwave irradiation, our method can be used to tune the electrical conductivity and impedance characteristics. This can be applied to practical situations where a particular resistance is required.
Effect of adding Indiana red matta rice husk Si3N4 bioceramic on mechanical, wear, flammability and tensile creep behavior of corn husk fiber polyester composite
Authors: Mohan Das Gandhi A. G. , Sivaraman R. , Nagabhooshanam N. , Verma Rajesh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine the effect of adding Indian red matta rice husk Si3N4 bioceramic on flammability, wear, mechanical and thermal behavior of corn husk fiber‐reinforced polyester composites. The Si3N4 bioceramic was prepared using thermo‐chemical process and subsequently surface‐treated using silane via aqueous solution method. The composites were made using hand layup method and post cured at elevated temperature. The results of this investigation suggest that adding 30 vol% of corn husk fiber improved the mechanical properties as compared to pure epoxy, however the Si3N4 addition outperformed. Similar to this, the composite with 4.0 vol% of bioceramic particle has the highest wear resistances, with a lowest sp. wear rate of 0.008 mm3/Nm and a coefficient of friction of 0.31. According to the flammability results, the composite contains 30 vol% of corn husk fiber and 4 vol% of Si3N4 (ECS3) has the lowered combustion rate of 6.72 mm/min. Finally, the composite ECS3 produced the lowest creep strain of 0.0104, 0.0122, 0.0149, 0.0241, and 0.0444 for 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, and 10000 s respectively. These composites with improved properties could be used in cutting edge latest technologies as functional materials in automotive, defense, food packaging, structural, and domestic goods manufacturing.
Increasing racial diversity in the North American Plant Phenotyping Network through conference participation support
Authors: LeBauer David , Bucksch Alexander , Clarke Jennifer , Potts Jesse , Roy Sonali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA key goal of the North American Plant Phenotyping Network (NAPPN) annual conference is to cultivate a new generation of scientists from diverse backgrounds. As part of their effort to diversify the plant phenomics research community, NAPPN acquired funding to cover all attendance costs for participants from historically black colleges and universities (HBCU) for the 2022 annual meeting. Seven award recipients represented the first attendees from HBCUs in the conference's 6‐year history. In this commentary, we report on the impact of the conference awards, including lessons learned, and the future of the award.
Pathological findings in congenital diaphragmatic hernia on necropsy studies: A single‐center case series
Authors: Meng Chu‐Yi , Zou Ji‐Zhen , Wang Ying , Wei Yan‐Dong , Li Jing‐Na , Liu Chao , Feng Zhong , Cai Ling‐Ling , Xiao Ping , Ma Li‐Shang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionCongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with high mortality rates and significant pulmonary morbidities. The objective of this study was to delineate the histopathological features observed in necropsies of CDH patients and correlate these with their clinical manifestations.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the postmortem findings and corresponding clinical characteristics in eight CDH cases from 2017 to July 2022.ResultsThe median survival time was 46 (8–624) hours. Autopsy reports showed that diffuse alveolar damage (congestion and hemorrhage) and hyaline membrane formation were the primary pathological lung changes observed. Notably, despite significant reduction in lung volume, the lung development appeared normal in 50% of the cases, while lobulated deformities were present in three (37.5%) cases. All patients displayed a large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and a patent foramen ovale, resulting in increased right ventricle (RV) volume, and myocardial fibers appeared slightly congested and swollen. The pulmonary vessels indicated thickening of the arterial media and adventitia. Lung hypoplasia and diffuse lung damage resulted in impaired gas exchange, while PDA and pulmonary hypertension led to RV failure, subsequent organ dysfunction and ultimately death.ConclusionsPatients with CDH typically succumb to cardiopulmonary failure, a condition driven by a complex interplay of pathophysiological factors. This complexity accounts for the unpredictable response to currently available vasodilators and ventilation therapies.
Cross‐linking disulfide bonds govern solution structures of diabodies
Authors: Math Barbara A. , Waibl Franz , Lamp Leonida M. , Fernández‐Quintero Monica L. , Liedl Klaus R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the last years, antibodies have emerged as a promising new class of therapeutics, due to their combination of high specificity with long serum half‐life and low risk of side‐effects. Diabodies are a popular novel antibody format, consisting of two Fv domains connected with short linkers. Like IgG antibodies, they simultaneously bind two target proteins. However, they offer altered properties, given their smaller size and higher rigidity. In this study, we conducted the—to our knowledge—first molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of diabodies and find a surprisingly high conformational flexibility in the relative orientation of the two Fv domains. We observe rigidifying effects through the introduction of disulfide bonds in the Fv–Fv interface and characterize the effect of different disulfide bond locations on the conformation. Additionally, we compare VH–VL orientations and paratope dynamics between diabodies and an antigen binding fragment (Fab) of the same sequence. We find mostly consistent structures and dynamics, indicating similar antigen binding properties. The most significant differences can be found within the CDR‐H2 loop dynamics. Of all CDR loops, the CDR‐H2 is located closest to the artificial Fv–Fv interface. All examined diabodies show similar VH–VL orientations, Fv–Fv packing and CDR loop conformations. However, the variant with a P14C‐K64C disulfide bond differs most from the Fab in our measures, including the CDR‐H3 loop conformational ensemble. This suggests altered antigen binding properties and underlines the need for careful validation of the disulfide bond locations in diabodies.
A gas detector planning method that considers the area and zone based on the range of influence of chemicals with high vapor pressure
Authors: Kim Min‐Gyu , Lee Hyo Eun , Yoon Seok J. , Kim Jeong Hun , Moon Kyong‐Whan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn some countries with high population densities including Korea, chemical plants are densely distributed, and strict regulations are imposed. According to the Chemical Control Act, one gas detector must be installed every 10 m indoors and 20 m outdoors around a facility. However, the diffusion of chemicals should be evaluated based on area rather than perimeter. In the US and EU, gas detector locations are selected through chemical accident modeling. Here, we evaluated the feasibility of gas detector installation standards in the Chemicals Control Act by comparing highly volatile and toxic chemicals with sulfuric acid (relatively low volatility). Consequently, we suggested an appropriate installation location and number of gas detectors for initial countermeasures. For nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and hydrofluoric acid, there was a difference in the number of detectors recommended via modeling and the number of detectors legally required. For the mezzanine design, four gas detectors should be installed on each floor in a 5‐story building; however, the modeling results showed that installing one was sufficient. For sulfuric acid with low vapor pressure, it is equitable to install a leak detector rather than a gas detector. Overall, regulations should be continuously evaluated for the response and prevention of chemical accidents.
Simultaneous Delivery of Doxorubicin and EZH2‐Targeting siRNA by Vortex Magnetic Nanorods Synergistically Improved Anti‐Tumor Efficacy in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Lu Yunshu , Gu Fenfen , Ma Yuwei , Li Ruonan , Luo Yi , Da Xianhong , Jiang Lan , Li Xiang , Liu Yan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), one of the most aggressive types of breast cancer, currently lacks a targeted therapy and has a high clinical recurrence rate. The present study reports an engineered magnetic nanodrug based on Fe3O4 vortex nanorods coated with a macrophage membrane loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and Enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2) siRNA. This novel nanodrug displays excellent tissue penetration and preferential tumor accumulation. More importantly, it significantly increases tumor suppression compared to chemotherapy, suggesting the synergistic activity of the combination of doxorubicin and EZH2‐inhibition. Importantly, owing to tumor‐targeted delivery, nanomedicine shows an excellent safety profile after systemic delivery, unlike conventional chemotherapy. In summary, chemotherapy and gene therapy are combined into a novel magnetic nanodrug carrying doxorubicin and EZH2 siRNA, which shows promising clinical application potential in TNBC therapy.
Synergistic Dual‐Mechanism Localized Heat Channeling and Spectrum‐Tailored Liquid Metal Hydrogels for Efficient Solar Water Evaporation and Desalination
Authors: Yang Shengdu , He Yushun , Bai Junwei , Zhang Junhua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhotothermal hydrogels featuring broadband light absorption abilities and highly hydrated networks provide an appealing mass‐energy transfer platform for water evaporation by using solar energy. However, the targeted delivery of solar heat energy to power the water evaporation process remains challenging. Herein, enlightened by metal‐phenolic coordination chemistry and camouflaged architecture, photothermal hydrogels with dual‐mechanism vaporization structure are tactfully designed via a rational interfacial engineering and integration strategy to enable near‐µm heat confinement and highly efficient light‐to‐heat conversion ability. The spectrum‐tailored liquid metal droplet (LMGAs‐FeIII) and optimized carbon‐wrapped silver nanowire sponge (Ag@C750) are integrally built as photothermal promotors/channels and jointly embedded into a highly hydratable poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel, denoted as PALGH, to synergistically boost water molecule activation and interfacial vaporization behavior by triggering robust photothermal performance. As a result, under one sun irradiation, the all‐embracing PALGH hydrogel evaporation system achieves a brine evaporation rate to a high level of 3.47 kg m−2 h−1, and >19 L m−2 clean water of PALGH is ideally delivered daily when purifying natural seawater. This work offers not only a rational design principle to create sophisticated photothermal materials but also replenishes insight into solar heat generation and water transportation in a cross‐media system.
Solvent Engineering of Oxygen‐Enriched Carbon Dots for Efficient Electrochemical Hydrogen Peroxide Production
Authors: Shen Xiaoyu , Wang Zeming , Guo Huazhang , Lei Zhendong , Liu Zheng , Wang Liang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of cost‐effective and reliable metal‐free carbon‐based electrocatalysts has gained significant attention for electrochemical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation through a two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction. In this study, a scalable solvent engineering strategy is employed to fabricate oxygen‐doped carbon dots (O‐CDs) that exhibit excellent performance as electrocatalysts. By adjusting the ratio of ethanol and acetone solvents during the synthesis, the surface electronic structure of the resulting O‐CDs can be systematically tuned. The amount of edge active CO group was strongly correlated with the selectivity and activity of the O‐CDs. The optimum O‐CDs‐3 exhibited extraordinary H2O2 selectivity of up to 96.55% (n = 2.06) at 0.65 V (vs RHE) and achieved a remarkably low Tafel plot of 64.8 mV dec−1. Furthermore, the realistic H2O2 productivity yield of flow cell is measured to be as high as 111.18 mg h−1 cm−2 for a duration of 10 h. The findings highlight the potential of universal solvent engineering approach for enabling the development of carbon‐based electrocatalytic materials with improved performance. Further studies will be undertaken to explore the practical implications of the findings for advancing the field of carbon‐based electrocatalysis.
Readily prepared and processed multifunctional MXene nanocomposite hydrogels for smart electronics
Authors: Huang Jiahui , Huang Xianwu , Wu Peiyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBooming sophisticated robotics and prosthetics put forward high requirements on soft conductive materials that can bridge electronics and biology, those soft conductive materials should imitate the mechanical properties of biological tissues and build information transmission networks. Until now, it remains a great challenge to handle the trade‐off among ease of preparation, high conductivity, processability, mechanical adaptability, and external stimuli responsiveness. Herein, a kind of readily prepared and processed multifunctional MXene nanocomposite hydrogel is reported, which is prepared via the fast gelation of cationic monomer initiated by delaminated MXene sheets. The gelation time can be adjusted (several seconds to minutes) based on the MXene loadings. By adjusting the MXene ratio, the resulting nanocomposites are ultrastretchable (>5000%), three‐dimensional (3D) printable, and show outstanding mechanical and electrical self‐healing. As expected, the integration of multifunctional systems onto various substrates (e.g., gloves and masks) is further demonstrated via 3D printing and could achieve diverse sensory capabilities toward strain, pressure, and temperature, showing great prospects as smart flexible electronics.
Carbonzugglieder unter statischer und nicht ruhender Beanspruchung – Erste Ergebnisse aus dem Forschungsverbundvorhaben NeZuCa
Authors: Haspel Lorenz , Ebentheuer Barceló Jan , Krenn Burkhard , Oevermann Paul , Fettke Manuela , Schneider Lukas , Weidner Philipp , Ruff Daniel C. , Ummenhofer Thomas , Birtel Veit , Castridis Stefan , Lotze Dieter , Abrishambaf Amin , Hückler Alex , Schlaich Mike 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUm eine ausreichende Verfügbarkeit der Brückeninfrastruktur gewährleisten zu können, werden Lösungen benötigt, welche den hohen Verkehrsbeanspruchungen dauerhaft zuverlässig standhalten und gleichzeitig durch Ressourcenschonung einen Beitrag zum Klimaschutz leisten können. Das Prinzip der Netzwerkbogenbrücke erlaubt effiziente und verformungsarme Brückentragwerke mit Spannweiten bis über 300 m unter Einsatz von schlanken, vorwiegend normalkraftbeanspruchten Haupttraggliedern. Der Einsatz des Hochleistungswerkstoffs Carbon (unidirektionale Carbon Fiber Polymer Composite, UD‐CFPC) erlaubt eine äußerst leistungsfähige Leichtbaulösung für hoch beanspruchte Zugglieder und eröffnet zudem Einsparpotenziale im Primärtragwerk. Carbonzugglieder sind gegenwärtig nicht bauaufsichtlich geregelt. Als Grundlage für eine Zustimmung im Einzelfall (ZiE) wurden für erste Anwendungen durch den jeweiligen Bauherrn finanzierte projektspezifische Bauteilversuche herangezogen. Durch Bauteilversuche unter statischer und nicht ruhender Beanspruchung sowie ergänzende Untersuchungen sollen im Rahmen des Verbundforschungsvorhabens NeZuCa (Netzwerkbogenbrücken mit Zuggliedern aus Carbon) die Grundlagen für eine standardisierte und vereinfachte Anwendung der Technologie erarbeitet werden. In diesem Beitrag berichtet das Projektkonsortium über erste Ergebnisse. NeZuCa wird als Teil des Technologietransferprogramms Leichtbau (TTP‐LB) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie gefördert und durch den Projektträger Jülich (PTJ) betreut.
Biochemical changes in the gill, liver, and muscle tissue of Anabas testudineus on exposure to varying concentration of Lead acetate
Authors: Nayak Pratyusha , Sharma Sthitaprajna Nath , Nayak Susri , Pradhan Smruti Prajna , Nayak Subhashree , Patnaik Lipika 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHeavy metal pollution in aquatic systems is a global concern because of its toxicity, persistent nature, and its bioaccumulation. The present study was carried out to understand the sub‐lethal effects of lead acetate on Anabas testudineus despite its ability to tolerate stress. Fish were exposed to various concentrations of lead acetate (1.291, 1.936, 3.873 mg/L) for a period of 96 h for assessment of acute toxicity. Various biochemical (protein and glycogen) and enzymatic parameters (acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase) were investigated to have an insight on lead acetate toxicity. Protein content increased in all tissues in comparison to the control group. Glycogen increased in gill and muscle tissue whereas it decreased in liver tissues. Increase in the activity of phosphatase enzyme was observed in all tissues of the experimental group in comparison with the control group. All the studied parameters in different tissues were normalized to score values for calculation of integrated biomarker index (IBR) for better interpretation of data. Biomarker response index (BRI) was also calculated for a simple indication of the health status of control and experimental fish. Higher BRI value indicates less toxic effect on liver cells due to detoxification process, whereas lead acetate was found to be toxic for both gill and muscle tissue due to low BRI value. Lead acetate induced changes in the physiology of the experimental fish A. testudineus and the parameters taken into account can serve as biomarkers of lead acetate toxicity.