bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibrotic-Like Pulmonary Radiographic Patterns Are Not Associated With Adverse Outcomes in COVID-19 Chronic Critical Illness
Authors: Madahar Purnema , Capaccione Kathleen M. , Salvatore Mary M. , Short Briana , Wahab Romina , Abrams Darryl , Parekh Madhavi , Geleris Joshua D. , Furfaro David , Anderson Michaela R. , Zucker Jason , Brodie Daniel , Cummings Matthew J. , O’Donnell Max , McGroder Claire F. , Wei Ying , Garcia Christine K. , Baldwin Matthew R. 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Pulmonary fibrosis is a feared complication of COVID-19. To characterize the risks and outcomes associated with fibrotic-like radiographic abnormalities in patients with COVID-19–related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic critical illness.

DESIGN:
Single-center prospective cohort study.

SETTING:
We examined chest CT scans performed between ICU discharge and 30 days after hospital discharge using established methods to quantify nonfibrotic and fibrotic-like patterns.

PATIENTS:
Adults hospitalized with COVID-19–related ARDS and chronic critical illness (> 21 d of mechanical ventilation, tracheostomy, and survival to ICU discharge) between March 2020 and May 2020.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
We tested associations of fibrotic-like patterns with clinical characteristics and biomarkers, and with time to mechanical ventilator liberation and 6-month survival, controlling for demographics, comorbidities, and COVID-19 therapies. A total of 141 of 616 adults (23%) with COVID-19–related ARDS developed chronic critical illness, and 64 of 141 (46%) had a chest CT a median (interquartile range) 66 days (42–82 d) after intubation. Fifty-five percent had fibrotic-like patterns characterized by reticulations and/or traction bronchiectasis. In adjusted analyses, interleukin-6 level on the day of intubation was associated with fibrotic-like patterns (odds ratio, 4.40 per quartile change; 95% CI, 1.90–10.1 per quartile change). Other inflammatory biomarkers, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, age, tidal volume, driving pressure, and ventilator days were not. Fibrotic-like patterns were not associated with longer time to mechanical ventilator liberation or worse 6-month survival.

CONCLUSIONS:
Approximately half of adults with COVID-19–associated chronic critical illness have fibrotic-like patterns that are associated with higher interleukin-6 levels at intubation. Fibrotic-like patterns are not associated with longer time to liberation from mechanical ventilation or worse 6-month survival.
Sodium Bicarbonate for Metabolic Acidosis in the ICU: Results of a Pilot Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Serpa Neto Ary , Fujii Tomoko , McNamara Mairead , Moore James , Young Paul J. , Peake Sandra , Bailey Michael , Hodgson Carol , Higgins Alisa M. , See Emily J. , Secombe Paul , Campbell Lewis , Young Meredith , Maeda Mikihiro , Pilcher David , Nichol Alistair , Deane Adam , Licari Elisa , White Kyle , French Craig , Shehabi Yahya , Cross Anthony , Maiden Matthew , Kadam Umesh , El Khawas Khaled , Cooper Jamie , Bellomo Rinaldo , Udy Andrew 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To identify the best population, design of the intervention, and to assess between-group biochemical separation, in preparation for a future phase III trial.

DESIGN:
Investigator-initiated, parallel-group, pilot randomized double-blind trial.

SETTING:
Eight ICUs in Australia, New Zealand, and Japan, with participants recruited from April 2021 to August 2022.

PATIENTS:
Thirty patients greater than or equal to 18 years, within 48 hours of admission to the ICU, receiving a vasopressor, and with metabolic acidosis (pH < 7.30, base excess [BE] < –4 mEq/L, and Paco
2 < 45 mm Hg).

INTERVENTIONS:
Sodium bicarbonate or placebo (5% dextrose).

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULT:
The primary feasibility aim was to assess eligibility, recruitment rate, protocol compliance, and acid–base group separation. The primary clinical outcome was the number of hours alive and free of vasopressors on day 7. The recruitment rate and the enrollment-to-screening ratio were 1.9 patients per month and 0.13 patients, respectively. Time until BE correction (median difference, –45.86 [95% CI, –63.11 to –28.61] hr; p < 0.001) and pH correction (median difference, –10.69 [95% CI, –19.16 to –2.22] hr; p = 0.020) were shorter in the sodium bicarbonate group, and mean bicarbonate levels in the first 24 hours were higher (median difference, 6.50 [95% CI, 4.18 to 8.82] mmol/L; p < 0.001). Seven days after randomization, patients in the sodium bicarbonate and placebo group had a median of 132.2 (85.6–139.1) and 97.1 (69.3–132.4) hours alive and free of vasopressor, respectively (median difference, 35.07 [95% CI, –9.14 to 79.28]; p = 0.131). Recurrence of metabolic acidosis in the first 7 days of follow-up was lower in the sodium bicarbonate group (3 [20.0%] vs. 15 [100.0%]; p < 0.001). No adverse events were reported.

CONCLUSIONS:
The findings confirm the feasibility of a larger phase III sodium bicarbonate trial; eligibility criteria may require modification to facilitate recruitment.
Combined Penetrating Keratoplasty and Vitreoretinal Surgery With Temporary Keratoprosthesis
Authors: Cooney Theresa , Kinast Robert , Juratli Lena , Pedreira Priscila Novaes , Saxe Stephen , Musch David C. , Mian Shahzad I. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery with temporary keratoprosthesis combined with penetrating keratoplasty.

Setting:
The study was conducted at a university-based corneal and retinal disease referral practice, Ann Arbor, MI.

Methods:
This study is a retrospective analysis of 43 patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery with a temporary keratoprosthesis combined with penetrating keratoplasty. Functional (best-corrected visual acuity and corneal transplant survival rate) and anatomical (clear corneal graft and retinal attachment) outcomes were measured.

Results:
Both corneal transplant and retinal attachment outcomes were evaluated. There was no difference in visual acuity, retinal attachment rates, or corneal transplant survival rates when comparing adult age, sex, and graft size. Pediatric eyes, however, were more likely to have a poor corneal transplant outcome. After an initial combined procedure with a temporary keratoprosthesis, 15 of 43 corneas (35%) remained clear and 23 (53%) retinas remained attached. With additional surgery, 19 of the corneas (44%) and 32 of the retinas (74%) had satisfactory outcomes. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) initially improved in 23 patients (53%), with lasting improvement at final follow-up in 12 patients (28%). Twenty-five patients (58%) obtained equal or improved vision at last follow-up as compared to the presenting vision. The primary causes of poor visual acuity outcome were phthisis (49%) and retinal detachment (26%). Corneal decompensation and hypotony were often associated with phthisis and, therefore, resulted in a poor visual outcome. Trauma (53%) also resulted in an increased rate of phthisis. However, those eyes sustaining trauma, which did not become phthisical, had better visual outcomes. Silicone oil usage improved retinal reattachment rates and had no deleterious effects on corneal transplant survival.

Conclusions:
The combined procedures of vitreoretinal surgery with temporary keratoprosthesis and penetrating keratoplasty can salvage severely damaged eyes and provide functional vision in some patients. Factors predicting worse final visual outcome include preoperative total retinal detachment, severe chronic retinal pathology in the absence of trauma, and postoperative phthisis or retinal detachment.
Cytomegalovirus infection in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell recipients
Authors: Abreu Michelly , Varghese Jaimole , Santiago Minifrida , Ow Karla 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is an innovative immunotherapy treatment for hematological malignancies. Some of the challenges in using this therapy are the development of cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, immunosuppression, and hypogammaglobulinemia, which can be prolonged and significantly increase patients' risk of infection. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is well known to cause disease and organ damage in immunocompromised hosts, increasing mortality and morbidity. We present a case of a 64-year-old man with multiple myeloma with a significant history of CMV infection that worsened after CAR T-cell therapy and became challenging to contain because of prolonged cytopenias, progression of myeloma, and development of other opportunistic infections. Strategies for prophylaxis, treatment, and maintenance of CMV infections in CAR T-cell therapy recipients are further warranted.
Efficacy and safety of pulsed radiofrequency combined with pregabalin for herpetic neuralgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Jun , Lan Lan , Wang Wei , Xu Xinchang 
Published: June 2023

Background:Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF), as a new technique, is used to treat a variety of chronic pain syndromes, but it has a high recurrence rate for herpetic neuralgia and is often combined with drugs therapy. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRF combined with pregabalin in the treatment of herpetic neuralgia.Methods:The electronic databases, including CNKI, Wanfang data, PubMed, Embase, web of science, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to January 31, 2023. The outcomes were pain scores, sleep quality and side effects.Results:Fifteen studies with 1817 patients were included in this meta-analysis. PRF combined with pregabalin significantly reduced the visual analogue scale/score in patients with postherpetic neuralgia or herpes zoster neuralgia when compared with pregabalin or PRF monotherapy [P< .00001, standardized mean difference (SMD) = −2.01, confidence intervals (CI) = −2.36 to −1.66;P< .00001, SMD = −0.69, CI = −0.77 to −0.61]. Compared with pregabalin monotherapy, PRF combined with pregabalin significantly decreased the pittsburgh sleep quality index score, the dosage and number of days of using pregabalin (P< .00001, SMD = −1.68, CI = −2.19 to −1.17;P< .00001, SMD = −0.94, CI = −1.25 to −0.64;P< .00001, SMD = −1.52, CI = −1.85 to −1.19). However, there was no significant difference in the effect of PRF combined with pregabalin versus PRF alone on pittsburgh sleep quality index score in patients with postherpetic neuralgia (P= .70, SMD = −1.02, CI = −6.11 to 4.07). In addition, PRF combined with pregabalin could significantly decrease the incidence of dizziness, somnolence, ataxia and pain at puncture site when compared with pregabalin monotherapy (P= .0007, odds ratio [OR] = 0.56, CI = 0.40 to 0.78;P= .008, OR = 0.60, CI = 0.41 to 0.88;P= .008, OR = 0.52, CI = 0.32 to 0.84;P= .0007, OR = 12.39, CI = 2.87 to 53.43), but no significant difference was observed when compared with PRF alone.Conclusions:PRF combined with pregabalin can effectively alleviate the pain intensity and improve sleep quality in patients with herpetic neuralgia, and the incidence of complications was low, so it was worthy of clinical application.
Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis after the initiation of dulaglutide in patient with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Alduraibi Rabia Khalid , Alrebdi Yazeed Mohammed , Altowayan Yosef Fahad 
Published: June 2023

Rationale:
Diabetic ketoacidosis is rarely observed when the blood glucose level is <250 mg/dL. This is referred to as euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA). EDKA can present diagnostic and management challenges for physicians, especially when dealing with unusual triggers such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors. With this case report, we wanted to raise the knowledge and understanding of EDKA and its triggering factors.

Patient concerns:
A 45-year-old man was admitted to hospital for epigastric pain, loss of appetite, and vomiting 3 days after the initiation of dulaglutide. The results of laboratory examination showed EDKA.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with EDKA after the initiation of GLP1 receptor agonists.

Interventions:
Intravenous fluid and insulin infusion were immediately started.

Outcome:
The patient was discharged after treatment

Lessons:
In this case report describes the use of GLP1 receptor agonists along with Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes patients whose extreme restriction of carbohydrate intake may have triggered EDKA. Therefore, physicians should use diabetes medications in a stepwise manner and advise their patients not to over-restrict their carbohydrate intake while they are being treated with GLP1 receptor agonists.
Use of Intergovernmental Transfers–based Medicaid Supplemental Payments to Boost Nursing Home Finances
Authors: Sharma Hari , Xu Lili 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Indiana provides intergovernmental transfers–based supplemental payment to nursing homes owned/operated by the nonstate governmental organization (NSGO) but NSGOs may divert substantial supplemental payments away from participating nursing homes.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of participation in the intergovernmental transfers–based Medicaid supplemental payment program on nursing home revenue and expenditures.

Research Design:
Difference-in-differences regressions using Callaway and Sant’Anna method accounting for treatment effect heterogeneity across groups and over time.

Subjects:
All 410 Medicare and Medicaid-certified nursing homes in Indiana from 2009 to 2017 with nonmissing data (N=3170).

Measures:
The key independent variable is a binary variable indicating NSGO ownership. Outcome variables include total revenue, total operating, clinical, hotel, and administrative expenses as well as profit margins extracted from Medicare Cost Report. Control variables include facility and resident characteristics from Nursing Home Compare and LTCfocus data.

Results:
Supplemental payments increased nursing home revenues by about $0.58 million on average but payments were larger in later years. On a per-person per day basis, nursing home revenue increased by $21.9 dollars with an increase in administrative ($11.3), and hotel ($6.9) expenses but a decrease in clinical ($4.67) expenses.

Conclusions:
NSGO-owned/operated nursing homes received only a fraction of the total supplemental payments on average, but we observed increased payments to nursing homes in later years. Participating nursing homes did not increase clinical expenses. Our findings raise questions on the transparency of the financing arrangements between NSGOs and nursing homes and the need to link supplemental payments to clinical expenses.
Human Transplant Kidneys on Normothermic Machine Perfusion Display Endocrine Activity
Authors: Lin Hui , Du Zhaoyu , Bouari Sarah , Rijkse Elsaline , Cristoferi Iacopo , Obser Anja , Czogalla Jan , Danser A.H. Jan , Minnee Robert C. , Hoogduijn Martin J. 
Published: June 2023

Background.Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is an alternative to hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) for donor kidney preservation before transplantation. Contrary to HMP, NMP allows for functional assessment of donor kidneys because normothermic conditions allow for metabolic activity. The kidneys are key producers of hormones. Yet, it remains unknown whether donor kidneys during NMP display endocrine functions.Methods.Fifteen donor kidneys were subjected to HMP followed by 2 h of NMP before transplantation. NMP perfusate was collected at 3 time points (0, 1, 2 h) for the measurements of prorenin/renin, erythropoietin (EPO), and vitamin D, and urine samples were collected at 1 h and 2 h for urodilatin measurement. Fifteen HMP perfusate samples were collected for the same measurements.Results.Kidneys on NMP secreted significantly more prorenin, renin, EPO, and active vitamin D than during HMP. EPO and vitamin D secretion remained stable during 2 h of NMP, whereas the prorenin release rate increased and renin release rate decreased after 1 h. Donation after brain death kidneys secreted more vitamin D and less EPO during NMP than donation after circulatory death kidneys. Twelve donor kidneys produced urine during NMP and released detectable levels of urodilatin. Kidneys exhibited a large variation in hormone release rates. No significant differences were found in hormone release capacity between delayed graft function (DGF) and non-DGF kidneys, and no significant correlations were found between hormone release rates and the duration of DGF or 1-mo posttransplant serum creatinine levels.Conclusions.Human transplant kidneys display endocrine activity during NMP. To explore whether correlations exist between hormone release rates and posttransplant kidney function, large numbers of kidneys are required.
Characterization, and in vitro antibacterial activity of sulfated polysaccharides from freshwater algae Cladophora crispata
Authors: jasem mohanad , Merai Abd- Alwahab , Nizam Adnan Ali 
Published: June 2023

Barada River is characterized by an abundant growth of freshwater algae. Cladophora sp have been emerged as a new source of bioactive compounds, in this research Cladophora crispata was cultivated with the outdoor method, and algal Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. After extraction, Gel filtration was used to purify the crude SPs; SPs compounds were determined and selected, and the effect of purified SPs as antibacterial agents was investigated. the purified extract gave two fractions (F1 and F2). The chemical components of both crude and purified SPs were then determined. The highest carbohydrate content (74.12%) and protein content (4.02%) was found in the crude extract, while the highest sulfate content (12.17%) was found in purified fraction instead of F2, and the highest uronic acid content (18.46%) was found in purified fraction instead of F1. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to confirm that the crude extact and fractions consist of sugar, uronic acids, protein unite, and sulfate groups. Both F1 and F2 were consist of rhamnose, galactose, xylose, and ribose based on the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) separation. Each fraction showed an inhibitory effect on the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. F2 has the lowest minimum Inhibition concentration (MIC) value against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa; where its MIC values were 6,13,25 and 30 (mg/ml) respectively. Algae polysaccharides had the most important interest due to their antibacterial properties, which making them included in pharmaceutics and food applications.
Fluctuations in tissue growth portray homeostasis as a critical state and long-time non-Markovian cell proliferation as Markovian
Authors: Lavalle Natalia G. , Chara Osvaldo , Grigera Tomás S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTissue growth is an emerging phenomenon that results from the cell-level interplay between proliferation and apoptosis, which is crucial during embryonic development, tissue regeneration, as well as in pathological conditions such as cancer. In this theoretical article, we address the problem of stochasticity in tissue growth by first considering a minimal Markovian model of tissue size, quantified as the number of cells in a simulated tissue, subjected to both proliferation and apoptosis. We find two dynamic phases, growth and decay, separated by a critical state representing a homeostatic tissue. Since the main limitation of the Markovian model is its neglect of the cell cycle, we incorporated a refractory period that temporarily prevents proliferation immediately following cell division, as a minimal proxy for the cell cycle, and studied the model in the growth phase. Importantly, we obtained from this last model an effective Markovian rate, which accurately describes general trends of tissue size. This study shows that the dynamics of tissue growth can be theoretically conceptualized as a Markovian process where homeostasis is a critical state flanked by decay and growth phases. Notably, in the growing non-Markovian model, a Markovian-like growth process emerges at large time scales.
Direct Relationship between Protein Expression and Progeny Yield of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Unveils a Rate-limiting Step for Virus Production
Authors: Nobe Moeka , Maruzuru Yuhei , Takeshima Kosuke , Maeda Fumio , Kusano Hideo , Yoshimura Raiki , Nishiyama Takara , Park Hyeongki , Kozaki Yoshitaka , Iwami Shingo , Koyanagi Naoto , Kato Akihisa , Natsume Tohru , Adachi Shungo , Kawaguchi Yasushi 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTAlthough viral protein expression and progeny virus production were independently shown to be highly heterogenous in individual cells, their direct relationship, analyzed by considering their heterogeneities, has not been investigated to date. This study established a system to fractionate cells infected with a herpesvirus based on the levels of the global expression of viral late proteins, which are largely virion structural proteins, and to titrate virus yields in these fractions. This system demonstrated a direct relationship and indicated there was a threshold for the levels of viral late protein expression for progeny virus production and suggested that viral DNA cleavage/packaging was a rate-limiting step for progeny virus production. These findings, which were masked in previous studies performed at the entire population level, have uncovered a sophisticated viral strategy for efficient progeny virus production and shed new light on an effective target for the development of anti-viral drugs.
In vivointra-uterine delivery of TAT-fused Cre recombinase and CRISPR/Cas9 editing unveil histopathology of Pten/p53-deficient endometrial cancers
Authors: Navaridas Raúl , Vidal-Sabanés Maria , Ruiz-Mitjana Anna , Altés Gisela , Perramon-Güell Aida , Yeramian Andree , Egea Joaquim , Encinas Mario , Gatius Sonia , Matias-Guiu Xavier , Dolcet Xavier 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTPten and p53 are two of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor genes in endometrial cancer. However, the functional consequences and histopathological manifestation of concomitant p53 and Pten loss of function alterations in the development of endometrial cancer is still controversial. Here, we demonstrate that simultaneous Pten and p53 deletion is sufficient to cause epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenotype in endometrial organoids. By a novel TAT-fused Cre intravaginal delivery method, we achieved local ablation of both p53 and Pten specifically in the uterus. These mice developed high-grade endometrial carcinomas and a high percentage of uterine carcinosarcomas resembling those found in humans. To further demonstrate that carcinosarcomas arise from epithelium, double Pten/p53 deficient epithelial cells were mixed with wild type stromal and myometrial cells and subcutaneously transplanted to Scid mice. All xenotransplants resulted in the development of uterine carcinosarcomas displaying high nuclear pleomorphism and metastatic potential. Accordingly, in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 disruption of Pten and p53 also triggered the development of metastatic carcinosarcomas. Our results unfadingly demonstrate that simultaneous deletion of p53 and Pten in endometrial epithelial cells is enough to trigger epithelial to mesenchymal transition that is consistently translated to the formation of uterine carcinosarcomas in vivo.