bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of fermentation process on nutritional composition of condiments from seeds of P. Biglobosa, G. max and H. sabdariffa
Authors: Ahmed Shahidah A. , Sambo Sadiya , Hussain Hauwa , Jumare Fatima I. , Alhaji Salau I. 
Published: January 2023

Huge amount of foreign reserve is spent annually on the import of food flavours into Nigeria despite the fact that traditional condiments also suitably play the same role as imported food flavours. In this study, the proximate and mineral composition of local condiment ‘Daddawa’ produced by the fermentation of the seeds of locust beans (Parkia biglobosa), soya beans (Glycine max) and roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) was determined by the AOAC methods. The lipid values for the three seeds range from 8.10±0.07 to 10.30±0.03% with H. Sabdariffa having the highest value. The crude protein value was 11.70±0.19% for P. biglobosa, 10.70±0.32% for H. Sabdariffa and 9.50±0.25 % for G. max. P. biglobosa had the highest value for carbohydrate (by difference) which was 70.50±0.35% when compared to the least value of 61.10±0.2 for H. sabdariffa. Potassium was the highest mineral with a value of 3923.3±0.38% for P. biglobosa, 3433.3±0.40 for H. Sabdariffa and 2666.6±0.30% for G. max. Calcium and magnesium were low in all the seeds with least value for calcium observed in H. sabdariffa (0.4±0.01%) while G. max had least value of 0.1±0.09% for magnesium. Although, potassium was the highest mineral, the value increased in the fermented seeds to a range of 5566.6±0.30 to 9433.3±0.35% and H. sabdariffa had the highest value of with a value of 9433.3±0.35% and the least value of 5566.6±0.30 for P. biglobosa. Glycine max had the highest value of 933.3±0.33% for sodium while P. biglobosa had the least value of 60.8±0.30%. Magnesium was the lowest mineral even after the fermentation of the seeds with a range of 0.3±0.03 to 0.8±0.01%. Uncontrolled fermentation of the three seeds increased some proximate composition of the condiments.
The Influence of Short Message Services (SMS) Advertisements on Purchase Intentions by Mobile Telecommunication Consumers in Tanzania
Authors: Holden Haika K. , Mwakyusa John R.P. 
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of Short Message Services (SMS) advertisements on the purchase intention among mobile telecommunication consumers in Tanzania using the AIDA model. Data were collected in Dar-es-Salaam from 303 mobile telecommunication users using self-administered questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation, and multiple regression analysis techniques. The result concluded that consumers' attention to, interest in and desire for SMS advertisements do positively and significantly influence consumer purchase intention. The sample is constituted of respondents who were first and second-degree holders aged between 20 and 40 years. The results contribute to the existing literature on the influence of Short Message Services (SMS) advertisements on purchase intention among mobile telecommunication consumers in Tanzania. Managerially, the results shed light on possible areas of improvement to enhance the purchase intentions of their customers through short message services. The study expands on the intellectual discourse of the AIDA model by taking Action, one of the model’s components, and treating it as a consumer purchase intention variable. One of the key limitations of the study was that the respondents were only those who could fill out online questionnaires. It is strongly recommended that further studies are more inclusive.
Theological Meaning Don’t There Any Other God Before Me In The Exodus 20:3
Authors: Silalahi Anjai , Putrawan Bobby Kurnia 
Published: January 2023

Basically, there are still many Christians who do not have a correct understanding of the monotheistic God and what it is related to the first Law of God. Because this lack of understanding often occurs among Christians who practice polytheism, syncritism and others who do not please God. Do not have other gods before Me (Ex. 20: 3), which is a very basic thing that must be understood well, in order to carry out true worship of the true God. This study aims to provide a concrete explanation of the importance of knowing the correct understanding of there should be no other God before Me (Ex. 20: 3). This study uses the (library research) method using books and other reading materials. The approach used is descriptive which focuses on the meaning of the phrase do not have another god before Me according to Exodus 20: 3.

Pada dasarnya masih banyak orang Kristen yang belum memiliki pemahaman yang benar tentang Tuhan yang tauhid dan apa kaitannya dengan Hukum Tuhan yang pertama. Karena kurangnya pemahaman ini sering terjadi di antara orang-orang Kristen yang mempraktikkan politeisme, sinkritisme, dan orang-orang lain yang tidak menyenangkan Tuhan. Jangan ada tuhan lain di hadapan-Ku (Keluaran 20: 3), yang merupakan hal yang sangat mendasar yang harus dipahami dengan baik, agar dapat melaksanakan penyembahan yang benar kepada Tuhan yang benar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan yang konkrit tentang pentingnya mengetahui pemahaman yang benar bahwa tidak ada Tuhan yang lain di hadapan-Ku (Keluaran 20: 3). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode (studi pustaka) dengan menggunakan buku dan bahan bacaan lainnya. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif yang menitikberatkan pada makna kalimat tidak memiliki tuhan lain dihadapan-Ku menurut Keluaran 20: 3.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENYALAHGUNAAN ALOKASI DANA DESA DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Ganie Gaffar Abdul 
Published: January 2023

Otonomi desa merupakan hak, wewenang dan kewajiban untuk mengatur dan mengurus sendiri urusan pemerintahan dan kepentingan masyarakat. Dari sumber pendapatan desa tersebut, alokasi anggaran dari APBN merupakan hal yang baru bagi desa. Kesiapan desa dituntut agar dapat mengolah dana desa sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku. Apabila desa tidak siap dengan sumber daya manusia maupun program yang sesuai maka tidak menutup kemungkinan akan terjadi penyelewengan dana desa. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) Bagaimanakah efektifitas pengenaan sanksi hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana korupsi Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) di Sulawesi Selatan? 2) Upaya apakah yang harus dilakukan oleh para penegak hukum dalam rangka mencegah terulang kembali tindak pidana korupsi Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) di Sulawesi Selatan? Penelitian dilakukan di Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi pada Pengadilan Negeri Makassar. Selama kurun waktu 2 (dua) bulan. Penulis menggunakan teknik analisis data secara kualitatif kemudian disajikan secara deskriptif, yaitu dengan menguraikan, menjelaskan dan menggambarkan sesuai dengan permasalahan yang erat dengan penelitian ini. Adapun hasil penelitian dalam skripsi ini yaitu: 1) Penerapan hukum pidana baik secara formil maupun materil dalam Putusan No.99/Pid.Sus/2013/PN.Mks telah sesuai dan dari segi penerapan hukum pidana materiil perbuatan terdakwa Haminuddin, S.Ag memenuhi unsur delik sebagaimana dakwaan subsidair yang di pilih oleh Majelis Hakim yang menyatakan bahwa Terdakwa terbukti bersalah melakukan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. 2) Pengelolaan dana desa yang ada di Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan masih ditemui berbagai persoalan disetiap tahap mulai dari perencanaan, pengalokasian, penyaluran, penggunaan hingga pelaporan sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban Pemerintah Desa. Ketidaksiapan Pemerintah Daerah dan kurangnya sumber daya manusia yang memadai di desa menjadi penyebab utama sehingga tidak tercapainya pengelolaan dana desa yang sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.
PENERAPAN E-GOVERNMENT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM KOMUNIKASI DAN TELEMATIKA PADA DINAS KOMUNIKASI INFORMATIKA DAN PERSANDIAN KABUPATEN SINJAI
Authors: Arifin Zulkifli 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Penerapan E-government Dalam Pengembangan Sistem Komunikasi Dan Telematika khususnya dibagian pengelolaan pengaduan pelayanan publik berbasis online (aplikasi sipakainge) dan faktor penghambat yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan aplikasi sipakainge yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Komunikasi Informatika dan Persandian Kabupaten Sinjai. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Dinas Komunikasi Informatika dan Persandian Kabupaten Sinjai.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang memberikan gambaran secara jelas tentang Penerapan E-Government Dalam Pengembangan Sistem Komunikasi Dan Telematika khususnya dibagian pengelolaan pengaduan pelayanan publik berbasis online (aplikasi sipakainge) dan faktor penghambat yang ditemui dalam pengimplementasiannya. Adapun subjek penelitian ini adalah Kepala/Sekretaris Dinas Komunikasi Informatika dan Persandian Kabupaten Sinjai, Kepala Bidang E-Governement Dinas Komunikasi Informatika dan Persandian Kabupaten Sinjai, Admin Aplikasi Sipakainge Dinas Komunikasi Informatika dan Persandian Kabupaten Sinjai dan Masyarakat yang terlayani. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Juli 2020. Tekhnik pengumpulan data yaitu dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi selama penelitian.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Pengelolaan Pengaduan Pelayanan Publik Berbasis Online (Aplikasi Sipakainge) yang Dilakukan Oleh Dinas Komunikasi Informatika dan Persandian Kabupaten Sinjai belum efektif. Hal itu dapat dilihat dari kelima dimensi dalam Teori DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. yaitu Kualitas Sistem, Kualitas Informasi, Kualitas Pelayanan, Penggunaan, dan Kepuasan Pemakai. Adapun faktor penghambat yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan aplikasi sipakainge antara lain Jaringan internet di masing-masing instansi yang terkadang mengalami gangguan, anggaran yang ada pada OPD atau instansi terkait, umpan balik (feedback) dari masyarakat yang masih kurang dalam mengawasi keluhan yang telah disampaikan serta kesiapan sumber daya manusia di masing-masing instansi dalam menjalankan pengelolaan Aplikasi Sipakainge. Di sisi lain, aplikasi Sipakainge ini sudah cukup membantu masyarakat dalam mengajukan keluhan karena dapat diakses di mana saja tanpa perlu datang ke instansi yang bersangkutan.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI LEMBAGA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN TAMALANREA DALAM PERENCANAAN PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Hasran Hasran , Zaenal Akhmad  , Rahman  
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam optimalisasi kinerja Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kecamatan Tamalanrea Kota Makassar. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah tipe penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif, Dasar penelitian ini adalah metode survey. Populasi adalah keseluruhan komponen yang menjadi objek penelitian, oleh karena itu yang menjadi objek penelitian adalah Pengurus LPM di Kecamatan Tamalanrea, pemerintahan kelurahan dan masyarakat di Kecamatan Tamalanrea. Penulis menggunakan teknik penarikan sampel secara purposive. Untuk memperoleh informasi yang sesuai dengan permasalahan yang diteliti akan digunakan : Data Primer dan Data sekunder. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Kuisioner, Observasi, Study kepustakaan dan Dokumentasi.
Data yang telah dikumpulkan melalui observasi, dokumentasi dan studi pustaka dalam penelitian ini dijadikan sebagai data sekunder, sedangkan data yang diperoleh dari kuisioner dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil Penelitian, didapatkan Faktor–faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja pengurus Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat adalah profesionalisme pengurus Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, akurasi data dan informasi, sarana dan prasarana, koordinasi dan motivasi
Peculiarities of self efficacy of future socil workers with didderent types of attitudes towards other people
Authors: Balakhtar Valentyna , Nataliia Onopriienko-Kapustina 
Published: January 2023

The article presents the empirical results of the study of the features of self-efficacy of future social workers depending on the type of attitude towards other people. Insufficient indicators of general, activity and social self-efficacy for a significant number of future social service specialists were found, with a downward trend in recent years. The data on the peculiarities of the self-efficacy of the subjects depending on gender, age and work experience in social services are presented. It was established that the self-efficacy indicators of male subjects are generally higher than those of women, although self-efficacy indicators become lower among future social workers who are older; 2) future male specialists who had working experience in social services have lower social self-efficacy than future female specialists.
Groups of future social workers with different types of attitudes toward other people (active-positive, situational-subjective, functional-business, neutral-indifferent, hidden-negative) were identified and characterized. It is shown that the active-positive type of attitude towards other people, which is professionally significant for future social service specialists, is characteristic of only a small number of them.
The peculiarities of the manifestation of self-efficacy depending on the type of attitude of future specialists towards other people are determined; in particular, the highest indicators of self-efficacy in the case of an active-positive type of attitude and the lowest - hidden-negative type.
It is noted that the obtained results can be used both in the psychological training of future social workers and during the psychological support of their professional activities.
Diurnal variability of atmospheric O2, CO2, and their exchange ratio above a boreal forest in southern Finland
Authors: Faassen Kim A. P. , Nguyen Linh N. T. , Broekema Eadin R. , Kers Bert A. M. , Mammarella Ivan , Vesala Timo , Pickers Penelope A. , Manning Andrew C. , Vilà-Guerau de Arellano Jordi , Meijer Harro A. J. , Peters Wouter , Luijkx Ingrid T. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The exchange ratio (ER) between atmospheric O2 and CO2 is a useful tracer for better understanding the carbon budget on global and
local scales. The variability of ER (in mol O2 per mol CO2) between terrestrial ecosystems is not well known, and there is no consensus on how to derive
the ER signal of an ecosystem, as there are different approaches available, either based on concentration (ERatmos) or flux measurements
(ERforest). In this study we measured atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentrations at two heights (23 and 125 m) above
the boreal forest in Hyytiälä, Finland. Such measurements of O2 are unique and enable us to potentially identify which forest carbon
loss and production mechanisms dominate over various hours of the day. We found that the ERatmos signal at 23 m not only represents the diurnal cycle of the forest exchange but also includes other factors, including entrainment of air masses in the atmospheric boundary layer before midday, with different thermodynamic and atmospheric composition characteristics. To derive ERforest, we infer O2 fluxes
using multiple theoretical and observation-based micro-meteorological formulations to determine the most suitable approach. Our resulting
ERforest shows a distinct difference in behaviour between daytime (0.92 ± 0.17 mol mol−1) and nighttime
(1.03 ± 0.05 mol mol−1). These insights demonstrate the diurnal variability of different ER signals above a boreal forest, and we
also confirmed that the signals of ERatmos and ERforest cannot be used interchangeably. Therefore, we recommend measurements on
multiple vertical levels to derive O2 and CO2 fluxes for the ERforest signal instead of a single level time series of the
concentrations for the ERatmos signal. We show that ERforest can be further split into specific signals for respiration
(1.03 ± 0.05 mol mol−1) and photosynthesis (0.96 ± 0.12 mol mol−1). This estimation allows us to separate the
net ecosystem exchange (NEE) into gross primary production (GPP) and total ecosystem respiration (TER), giving comparable results to the more
commonly used eddy covariance approach. Our study shows the potential of using atmospheric O2 as an alternative and complementary method to
gain new insights into the different CO2 signals that contribute to the forest carbon budget.
Hemispheric-wide climate response to regional COVID-19-related aerosol emission reductions: the prominent role of atmospheric circulation adjustments
Authors: Fahrenbach Nora L. S. , Bollasina Massimo A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The national and global restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic led to a sudden, albeit temporary, emission reduction of many greenhouse gases (GHGs) and anthropogenic aerosols, whose near-term climate impact were previously found to be negligible when focusing on global- and/or annual-mean scales. Our study aims to investigate the monthly scale coupled climate-and-circulation response to regional, COVID-19-related aerosol emission reductions, using the output from 10 Earth system models participating in the Covid model intercomparison project (CovidMIP). We focus on January–February and March–May 2020, which represent the seasons of largest emission changes in sulfate (SO2) and black carbon (BC). During January–February (JF), a marked decrease in aerosol emissions over eastern China, the main emission region, resulted in a lower aerosol burden, leading to an increase in surface downwelling radiation and ensuing surface warming. Regional sea-level pressure and circulation adjustments drive a precipitation increase over the Maritime Continent, embedded in a negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)- and/or El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-like response over the Pacific, in turn associated with a northwestward displacement and zonal shrinking of the Indo-Pacific Walker cell. Remote climate anomalies across the Northern Hemisphere, including a weakening of the Siberian High and Aleutian Low, as well as anomalous temperature patterns in the northern mid-latitudes, arise primarily as a result of stationary Rossby wave trains generated over East Asia. The anomalous climate pattern and driving dynamical mechanism reverse polarity between JF and MAM (March–May) 2020, which is shown to be consistent with an underlying shift of the dominant region of SO2 emission reduction from eastern China in JF to India in MAM. Our findings highlight the prominent role of large-scale dynamical adjustments in generating a hemispheric-wide aerosol climate imprint even on short timescales, which are largely consistent with longer-term (decadal) trends. Furthermore, our analysis shows the sensitivity of the climate response to the geographical location of the aerosol emission region, even after relatively small, but abrupt, emission changes. Scientific advances in understanding the climate impact of regional aerosol perturbations, especially the rapidly evolving emissions over China and India, are critically needed to reduce current uncertainties in near-future climate projections and to develop scientifically informed hazard mitigation and adaptation policies.
“A Savage and Sacrilegious Race, Hostile to God and Humanity”: Religion, Racism, and Ireland’s Colonization
Authors: Callan Maeve 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Though the Irish became Christian in the fifth century and had helped spread Christianity throughout Britain and the Continent since the sixth, when England’s Norman nobility set imperialist eyes upon Ireland in the twelfth century, the papacy pronounced the Irish fallen from the faith, otherizing them to justify their invasion. The imperialist colonialism that the English imposed on Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas, they imposed on their neighbors first, where physical characteristics couldn’t provide as convenient an excuse; instead, they made religion the pretext for their racism, even though all involved were Catholics and the Irish had been since long before their colonizers’ conversion.
The Virtues of the Mass: A Taxonomy of a Late Middle English Genre of Liturgical Significance
Authors: Chan Antje Elisa 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The Virtues of the Mass is a literary corpus comprising around forty-four known Middle English texts. These writings expound the liturgical sequences of the Mass and/or its spiritual and physical benefits for both clerical and lay audiences, whether literate or illiterate. This article traces 107 manuscripts containing variants of the Virtues of the Mass (as examined in the appendix) to contend that this corpus of texts should be viewed as a comprehensive genre. It proposes a new taxonomy that categorizes the texts into two traditions: the first textual tradition focuses on the benefits of attending mass, while the second focuses on explaining the liturgical ceremony. This article contextualizes the genre in light of the renewed interest in corporate worship and communal devotional practices in England in the first half of the fifteenth century, and considers key themes associated with the genre such as prayer, soulhele, and liturgical habitus.
Valorização do conhecimento popular: detecção da enzima catalase na Mandioca-de-mesa (Manihot esculenta Crantz) como estratégia para o ensino de Bioquímica
Authors: Maretti Gonçalves Tiago , Yamaguchi Klenicy Kazumy de Lima 
Published: January 2023

A mandioca-de-mesa (Manihot esculenta Crantz) é uma raiz tuberosa popularmente consumido no Brasil, servindo como fonte alimentícia e econômica para as populações, de norte ao sul do país. O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma metodologia didática utilizando a mandioca como matéria prima para o ensino de Bioquímica. A proposta didática consiste na detecção da atividade enzimática da catalase presente na mandioca-de-mesa, submetida sob diferentes parâmetros. A proposta busca facilitar e motivar a aprendizagem dos alunos e pode ser utilizada tanto no ensino básico, quanto universitário, possibilitando a contextualização e valorizando os conhecimentos populares dos discentes. Os alunos poderão perceber que essa enzima presente na mandioca, nas organelas dos peroxissomos, possui um importante papel de detoxificação das células, transformando o peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) que é nocivo, em produtos não danosos como os íons hidrogênio, o gás oxigênio e calor (reação exotérmica). A atividade proposta, também permite ser trabalhado outros aspectos da Bioquímica, como é o caso do efeito de altas temperaturas (cozimento) e o fator de alteração de pH (HCl – Ácido Clorídrico) alterando a natureza catalítica funcional da enzima catalase, que além de visualizados por meio do experimento, poderão ser simulados utilizando-se modelos didáticos manipulativos, com materiais simples e de baixo custo.
THE CEFR COMPANION VOLUME AND THE ACTION-ORIENTED APPROACH
Authors: North Brian 
Published: January 2023

This article is organized in two parts: Sections 1-3 concern the CEFR Companion Volume, describing briefly what it is, what it contains, the paradigm shift it seeks to foster, and how it was developed. The second part, sections 4-6, goes into more detail on the action-oriented approach, giving an overview in section 4, an explanation of the crucial concept of the social agent in section 5, and a discussion of the three key aspects of the approach – affordances, agency and collaborative tasks – in section 6.

Il QCER Volume complementare e l’approccio orientato all’azione
Questo articolo è organizzato in due parti: Le sezioni 1-3 riguardano il Volume Complementar del QCER, descrivendo brevemente che cos’è, cosa contiene, il cambiamento di paradigma che cerca di promuovere e come è stato sviluppato. La seconda parte, le sezioni 4-6, approfondisce l’approccio orientato all’azione, fornendo, nella sezione 4, un quadro di riferimento, nella sezione 5 una spiegazione del cruciale cruciale di agente sociale e, nella sezione 6, una discussione sui tre aspetti chiave dell’approccio: opportunità di azione, apprendimento attivo e task collaborativi.