bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The disturbance of circadian rhythmicity of clock gene expression in Gria2R/R mice; the comparison with C57BL/6J and Adar2-/- mice strains
Authors: Lebedeva Maria , Kubištová Aneta , Spišská Veronika , Filipovská Eva , Pačesová Dominika , Svobodová Irena , Kuchtiak Viktor , Balík Aleš , Bendová Zdeňka 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Adar2-/- mice are a widely used model to study the physiological consequences of reduced RNA editing. These mice are viable only when the Q/R editing site of the Gria2 subunit of the AMPA receptor is constitutively mutated to the codon for arginine, and Gria2R/R mice often serve as the sole control for Adar2-/- mice. The aim of our study was to investigate whether ADAR2 inactivity and the Gria2R/R phenotype affect the rhythmicity of the pattern of circadian clock genes and the expression of Gria1 and Gria2 subunits in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), hippocampus, parietal cortex and liver. Our data show that Gria2R/R mice completely lost circadian rhythmicity in the hippocampus compared to Adar2-/- mice. Compared to C57BL/6J mice, expression profiles in hippocampus and parietal cortex of Gria2R/R mice differ to the same extent as in Adar2-/-. These data suggest that the natural gradual increase in the editing of the Q/R site of the Gria2 subunit postnatally may be important for the development of circadian clockwork in some brain structures, and the use of Gria2R/R mice as the only control to Adar2-/- mice in the hippocampus- and parietal cortex- dependent experiments should therefore be considered.
Locating helicopter ambulance bases in Iceland – Efficient and fair solutions
Authors: Gunnarsson Björn , Björnsdóttir Kristrún María , Dúason Sveinbjörn , Ingólfsson Ármann 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background

Fixed-wing air ambulances play an important role in healthcare in rural Iceland. More use of helicopter ambulances has been suggested to shorten response times and increase equity in access to advanced emergency care. In finding optimal base locations, the objective is often efficiency—maximizing the number of individuals who can be reached within a given time. This approach benefits people in densely populated areas more than people living in remote areas, but the solution is not necessarily fair. This study aimed to find efficient and fair helicopter ambulance base locations in Iceland.

Methods

We used high-resolution population and incident data to estimate the service demand for helicopter ambulances, with possible base locations limited to 21 airports and landing strips around the country. Base locations were estimated using both the maximal covering location problem (MCLP) optimization model, which aimed for maximal coverage of demand, and the fringe sensitive location problem (FSLP) model, which also considered uncovered demand (i.e., beyond the response time threshold). We explored the percentage of the population and incidents covered by one to three helicopter bases within 45-, 60-, and 75-minute response time thresholds, conditioned or not conditioned on the single existing base located at Reykjavík Airport. This resulted in a total of 18 combinations of conditions for each model. The models were implemented in R and solved using Gurobi.

Results

Model solutions for base locations differed between the two demand datasets for 2 out of 18 combinations, both with the lowest service standard. Base location differed between the MCLP and FSLP models for one combination involving a single base, and for two combinations involving two bases. Three bases covered all or almost all demand at longer response time thresholds, and the models differed in four of six combinations. The two helicopter ambulance bases can possibly obtain 97% coverage within 60 minutes, with bases in Húsafell and Grímsstaðir. Bases at Reykjavík Airport and Akureyri would cover 94.6%, whereas bases at Reykjavík Airport and Egilsstaðir would cover
89.2%.

Conclusion

An efficient and fair solution would be to locate bases at Reykjavík Airport and in Akureyri or Egilsstaðir.
Bluetooth Hyperosmia: Chemosensory Variant of Delusional Somatic Symptom Disorder: A case report
Authors: Kalita Shweta , Birwatkar Drushti , Mehdiratta Nikita , Sundar Archana , Hirsch Alan Richard 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
Correlation of Bluetooth transmission with subjective hyperosmia.
Background
Subjective hyperosmia, as a manifestation of belief of exposure to Bluetooth transmission, with testing demonstrating the absence of true hyperosmia, has not heretofore been described.
Case presentation: This 53-year-old right-handed single woman presented with a 10-year history of increased sensitivity to the aroma and enhanced perception of smells upon exposure to Wi-Fi electromagnetic radiation. She noted an intensity-duration effect: with higher intensity and duration of Wi-Fi exposure, her sense of smell would escalate and persist: after a few hours of exposure, her smell would jump to 190% of normal and last for two weeks. Abnormalities in the neurological examination: Reflexes: 0 in both lower extremities. Chemosensory Testing: Alcohol Sniff Test: 8 (hyposmia). Gustation: Waterless Empirical Taste Test: brothy: 4/8 (hypogeusia).
Conclusions
Nidus for such hyperosmic delusions may be a primary olfactory system disorder, with induction of ephaptic transmissions, causing intermittent phantosmia or otherwise misperceived odor, misattributed to the ambient environment. The assignment of the source of the hyperosmia to Bluetooth is consistent with the zeitgeist of mistrust and paranoia of higher technology. This may be a form of expectation effect due to visual evidence (high tower wires); suggestion combined with subcultural group dynamics with belief in harm of such electromagnetic/Bluetooth waves, with distorted information recall and misattribution. Such group dynamics and shared misperceptions may fuel a delusion, as in the Mandela effect. Perchance, this case represents not having delusional hyperosmia due to a functional psychiatric disorder but instead having a neuroanatomic basis. Those with subjective hyperosmia and hypersensitivity to aromas have demonstrated hypertrophied gray matter volume in the posterior subregion of the right hippocampus, left precuneus, left superior frontal gyrus, and right hypothalamus. In those with subjective hyperosmia, a neurological investigation is warranted.
Microbes assisted management of bacterial wilt of brinjal in pesticide contaminated soil
Authors: Ahmed Shenaz Sultana , Bora Popy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Growing brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) in a soil polluted with organophosphorus pesticide (OP) residues coupled with an additional threat of wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs), pose a formidable management challenge for residue free crop production . Our study aimed at identifying efficient OP-degrading bacteria (OPDB) and their compatibility with microbial bio-control agents (MBCA) for twin objective of microbial degradation of OP -residues and reduction in incidence of bacterial wilt of brinjal in OP- contaminated soil. As many, ten bacterial isolates showing OP- degrading potential were recovered through colony growth in mineral salt (MS) -medium treated with 25 ppm chlorpyriphos. Efficient isolates displaying growth up to 700ppm chlorpyriphos were further screened for OP-degradation, leading to identification of two most efficient OPDB, Acromobacter marplatensis [MW397524] (Am) and Pseudomonas azotoformans [MW397525] (Pa). These two isolates having in vitro compatibility with each other, showed further compatibility with two most widely used MBCA, viz., Pseudomonas flourescens [KT258013] (Pf) and Trichoderma harzianum [ON364138] (Th), facilitating the development of consortium having extended functional corridor. The response of combination of OPDB + MBCA(Am +Pa + Pf + Th) showed 80% lower percent wilt incidence (PWI), 2.8 times higher fruit yield ofbrinjal, and 15-25% lower OP-residues over un-inoculated control treatment. Our studies, hence, put forward a strong unified delivery mechanism of OPDB and MBCA as a part of green technology for chemical residue -free vegetable production in contaminated soils.
How to overcome data inadequacy for policy formulation? Evidence from the Himalayan Mountain Region, concerning kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa Chev.) cultivation
Authors: Patra Nirmal , Rilung Tapi , Das Lalu , Kumar Pavan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Under global warming and climate change, the vulnerable piece of land is India’s Eastern Himalayan region (EHR), where millions’ livelihood activities are at risk. Quantifying the degree of climate change-induced vulnerability over the highly climate-sensitive mountain zone is challenging because of the inadequacy of meteorological data. Therefore, what alternative should mitigate the scientific data inadequacy for mitigation adaptation policy to climate change in EHR? The study's main objective is to assess the climate change perception of kiwifruit growers under EHR and the impact of climate change on its cultivation. Perceived and scientific data were used for accurate decision-support information creation. Descriptive statistics and trend analysis analyzed meteorological data. Study shows that indigenous mountain/farming communities are following shifting cultivation and diversifying their traditional agriculture (apple cultivation) to Kiwifruit cultivation as an alternative adaptation option to climate change. They have a clear perception of the patterns and trends of climate change and a relatively inadequate perception of the impact on agriculture. It can be concluded that using perceived and scientific data to assess and map climate change scenarios is a unique approach to avoid data inadequacy. The study has revealed that indigenous/mountain people clearly perceive climate change. Therefore, engaging indigenous communities and other stakeholders to postulate a comprehensive adaptation and mitigation strategy for climate change is a befitting strategy. The study's approach may be appropriate for depicting climate change scenarios elsewhere. The results will help to make appropriate climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies for the Himalayan, other mountain and plane regions.
Modeling the flow deflection characteristics of incompressible fluids in the vortex chamber and analysis of its influencing parameters
Authors: Liu Shuyang , Cao Sukai , Han Zhihong , Liu Jiaxin , Li Shenshen , Xu Zhibin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the deflection characteristics of incompressible fluid trajectories in nonuniform vertical perforations are investigated. The hydrodynamic equations of the model are established based on the basic equations of fluid mechanics and finite element analysis methods. The effect of the difference in diameter between the two sides of the hole and the control of the incident fluid parameters on the trajectory deflection produced by the fluid is shown. The results show that: 1. The aqueous fluid is deflected towards the side of the hole with the larger diameter by the nonequivalent vertical throughhole structure. The deflection angle increases with increasing nonequivalent ratio and decreases with increasing incident fluid pressure.2 In order to achieve directional deflection of vertically incident aqueous fluids, the nonlinear coupling between incident fluid pressure and vertical span is investigated in this paper and suitable equations are developed.3. From the results, the incompressible aqueous fluid cannot achieve natural vortex initiation in a vortex tube where the inlet axis is the same as the vortex chamber axis, with a maximum deflection of 0.12 mm in the vortex chamber.4. If | λ2 -λ3 | is increased to 2.45 without considering the constraint that the diameter of the model vortex chamber is larger than the height of the vortex chamber, the water body can shoot out of the vortex chamber while its tangential velocity can reach 22.07 m/s, which can produce the spiral effect.
Disclosure of Patenting Activities within Scientific Publications as Potential Conflict-of-Interests: Evidences from Biomedical Literature
Authors: Falciola Luca , Barbieri Massimo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Most scientific publishers require authors to submit their manuscripts with a text reporting their own parallel activities, including patent-related ones, that may be considered as potential Conflict-of-Interest (COI). The authors’ or institutional patenting activities disclosed as COI in the official version of the article within Conflict-of-Interest Statements (COIS) are generally analysed in the literature using either very focused or non-systematic approaches. This study proposes methods for assessing COIS presence and main features, particularly with respect to patent information, across biomedical topics and journals that are covered in the PubMed database for the period 2011-2022. However, when comparing the results of equivalent COI-specific searches within PubMed and a selection of journals’ websites for a specific topic (such as COVID-19), COIS still appears unevenly available and searchable in PubMed due to the practices that each publisher or preprint server applies across journals and over time. Thus, if COIS appear an underestimated and/or incompletely evaluated source of patent, the search and analysis of COI-specific disclosures require well-designed strategies for efficiently identifying relevant information and then correctly assessing technological and publishing trends or the effects of innovation policies.
Composite Nfrp (Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastic) Cane Dregs Fiber With 5% NaOH Delignification Treatment Using Compression Molding Techniques In Wind Turbine Blades Applications
Authors: Rozikin Muhammad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Indonesia's energy needs are increasing from time to time, this is due to the increasing population growth. The use of conventional energy derived from fossils still dominates as a source of energy used. Wind energy in Indonesia has considerable potential to be exploited. One of the important components in a wind turbine is the blade or blade. The knife serves to catch the wind which is then forwarded to the generator. In making composites for this study using the compression molding method, this method is carried out using hydraulics as a press, the fibers that have been mixed with resin are inserted into the mold cavity, then pressing and heating. Then from the test results, it was found that for the absorption energy, the optimal value of impact strength, tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus on the composite specimen with delignification treatment for 2 hours, where the absorbed energy was obtained 1.8 J and the impact strength value was 0.040. J / mm2, the value of tensile strength obtained is 7,700 MPa and the modulus of elasticity is 1287.03 MPa.
SSIVD-Net: A Novel Salient Super Image Classification &amp; Detection Technique for Weaponized Violence
Authors: Aremu Toluwani , Zhiyuan Li , Alameeri Reem , Khan Mustaqeem , Saddik Abdulmotaleb El 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Detection of violence and weaponized violence in closed-circuit television (CCTV) footage requires a comprehensive approach. In this work, we introduce the Smart-City CCTV Violence Detection (SCVD) dataset, specifically designed to facilitate the learning of weapon distribution in surveillance videos. To tackle the complexities of analyzing 3D surveillance video for violence recognition tasks, we propose a novel technique called, SSIVD-Net (Salient-Super-Image for Violence Detection). Our method reduces 3D video data complexity, dimensionality, and information loss while improving inference, performance, and explainability through the use of Salient-Super-Image representations. Considering the scalability and sustainability requirements of futuristic smart cities, the authors introduce the Salient-Classifier, a novel architecture combining a kernelized approach with a residual learning strategy. We evaluate variations of SSIVD-Net and Salient Classifier on our SCVD dataset and benchmark against state-of-the-art (SOTA) models commonly employed in violence detection. Our approach exhibits significant improvements in detecting both weaponized and non-weaponized violence instances. By advancing the SOTA in violence detection, our work offers a practical and scalable solution suitable for real-world applications. The proposed methodology not only addresses the challenges of violence detection in CCTV footage but also contributes to the understanding of weapon distribution in smart surveillance. Ultimately, our research findings should enable smarter and more secure cities, as well as enhance public safety measures.
ATRAcTR (Authentic Transparent Relevant Accurate Track-Record): A Screening Tool to Assess the Potential for Real-World Data Sources to Support Creation of Credible Real-World Evidence for Regulatory Decision-Making
Authors: Berger Marc , Li James , Crown William , Zou Kelly 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background: Adoption and use of RWD for decision-making has been complicated by concerns regarding whether RWD was fit-for-purpose or was of sufficient validity to support the creation of credible RWE. This has greater urgency as regulatory agencies begin to use real world evidence (RWE) to inform decisions about treatment effectiveness.
Methods: We developed a practical screening tool to assess the quality of RWD sources using the framework of Modern Validity Theory. While there has been some convergence of conceptual frameworks, consensus has yet to emerge regarding how to specifically evaluate whether RWD is reliable and fit-for-purpose. We developed a screening tool consistent with the current frameworks and how researchers generally evaluate existing RWD sources for research that they intend to submit to regulatory agencies.
Results: The tool has five dimensions: authenticity, transparency, relevance, accuracy, and reliability. Based upon these dimensions, we developed what more detailed information should be sought by researchers to screen potential RWD sources.
Conclusions: Using a hypothetical example of a medical claims data source, we showed that responding to the tool would not require an extraordinary burden or a lengthy document. This RWD screening tool, which is ready for immediate use, is consistent with current conceptual frameworks to assess whether RWD is fit-for-purpose and adds the additional consideration of experience with RWD sources consistent with Modern Validity Theory.
Long-term retention and distribution of highly enriched uranium in occupationally exposed female
Authors: Tolmachev Sergey Y. , Avtandilashvili Maia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The United States Transuranium and Uranium Registries’ (USTUR) female whole body tissue donor was occupationally exposed to highly enriched uranium for 17 years. One hundred and twenty-nine tissue samples were collected at the time of death, 31 years post-exposure. These samples were radiochemically analyzed for uranium. The highest uranium concentration of 16.5 ± 2.0 µg kg− 1 was measured in the lungs, and the lowest concentration of 0.11 ± 0.01 µg kg− 1 in the liver. The thyroid had the highest concentration of 6.3 ± 2.9 µg kg− 1 among systemic tissues. Mass-weighted average concentration in the entire skeleton was estimated to be 1.60 ± 0.19 µg kg− 1. In the skeleton, uranium was non-uniformly distributed among different bones. Thirty-one years after the intake, approximately 40% of occupational uranium was still retained in the skeleton, followed by the kidneys (~ 30%), and the brain and liver (~ 10%). Systemic uranium was equally distributed between the skeleton and soft tissues. Uranium content in systemic organs followed the pattern: skeleton > > brain ≈ kidneys > heart ≈ liver > thyroid ≈ spleen. Uranium distribution in a female was compared to previously published USTUR data for male tissue donors. No significant difference in uranium systemic distribution was observed between female and male individuals.
Effects of In-Utero Personal Exposure to PM2.5 Sources and Components on Birthweight
Authors: O’Sharkey Karl , Xu Yan , Cabison Jane , Rosales Marisela , Yang Tingyu , Chavez Thomas , Johnson Mark , Lerner Deborah , Lurvey Nathana , Corral Claudia M. Toledo , Farzan Shohreh F. , Bastain Theresa M. , Breton Carrie V. , Habre Rima 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: In-utero exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and specific sources and components of PM2.5 have been linked with lower birthweight. However, previous results have been mixed, likely due to heterogeneity in sources impacting PM2.5 and due to measurement error from using ambient data. Therefore, we investigated the effect of PM2.5 sources and their high-loading components on birthweight using data from 198 women in the 3rd trimester from the MADRES cohort 48-hour personal PM2.5 exposure monitoring sub-study.
Methods: The mass contributions of six major sources of personal PM2.5 exposure were estimated for 198 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester using the EPA Positive Matrix Factorization v5.0 model, along with their 17 high-loading chemical components using optical carbon and X-ray fluorescence approaches. Single- and multi-pollutant linear regressions were used to evaluate the association between personal PM2.5 sources and birthweight. Additionally, high-loading components were evaluated with birthweight individually and in models further adjusted for PM2.5 mass.
Results: Participants were predominately Hispanic (81%), with a mean (SD) gestational age of 39.1 (1.5) weeks and age of 28.2 (6.0) years. Mean birthweight was 3,295.8g (484.1) and mean PM2.5 exposure was 21.3 (14.4) µg/m3. A 1 SD increase in the mass contribution of the fresh sea salt source was associated with a 99.2g decrease in birthweight (95% CI: -197.7, -0.6), while aged sea salt was associated with lower birthweight (β =-70.1; 95% CI: -141.7, 1.4). Magnesium sodium, and chlorine were associated with lower birthweight, which remained after adjusting for PM2.5 mass.
Conclusions: This study found evidence that major sources of personal PM2.5 including fresh and aged sea salt were negatively associated with birthweight, with the strongest effect on birthweight from Na and Mg. The effect of crustal and fuel oil sources differed by infant sex with negative associations seen in boys compared to positive associations in girls.
The Challenge of Tracking the Reach of Post-Green Revolution Crop Breeding
Authors: Stevenson James , Gantier Marcelo , Traxler Greg , Kosmowski Frederic , Macours Karen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
International plant breeding efforts aim to help address global challenges such as food insecurity, climate change and micronutrient deficiencies, but how much do we know about where new varieties are being used at scale in farmers’ fields? We use farmer-reported survey data and DNA fingerprinting data from samples of plant tissue that were collected from the same farmers’ fields, from 16 empirical studies across nine crops and ten countries to test commonly used methods used to generate adoption estimates. Taking the DNA fingerprinting results as the benchmark, we show that farmers both misclassify (improved vs local varieties) and misidentify (by name) their varieties at substantial rates. These measurement errors are non-classical and thus cloud understanding of the true nature of adoption.