bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High rate of adenovirus detection in gastrointestinal biopsies of symptomatic stem cell transplant recipients
Authors: Pikkel‐Geva Hagar Z. , Grisariu Sigal , Rivkin Mila , Stepensky Polina , Strahilevitz Jacob , Averbuch Dina , Orit Caplan , Even‐Or Ehud , Zaidman Irina , Zimran Eran , Wolf Dana G. , Avni Batia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a major human adenovirus (HAdV) replication site in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), yet the prevalence and correlates of HAdV GI infection in this setting have remained poorly recognized, especially among adult HSCT recipients.Design or methodsWe retrospectively studied the prevalence and risk factors of HAdV GI‐tissue infection in HSCT recipients (73 adults and 15 children) with GI symptoms who underwent GI‐tissue biopsy between January‐2012 and December‐2017. The presence of HAdV in the GI tissues was determined by real‐time PCR.ResultsHAdV GI‐tissue infection was detected in 21 (23.9%) patients, with similar infection rates identified in adults and children. GI‐tissue detection was more common at late (>100 days) compared to early times post‐transplantation (50% vs. 12.9%, p < .001). The presence of bloody diarrhea, Arab ethnicity (p = .014) and concurrent cytomegalovirus GI‐tissue detection (p = .025) were significantly correlated with HAdV GI‐tissue infection, while chronic graft versus host disease was of borderline association (p = .055).ConclusionsOur findings reveal a high rate and new clinical‐demographic correlates of HAdV GI‐tissue infection in adult and pediatric HSCT recipients with GI symptoms. The findings highlight the need for future prospective studies to assess the relatedness of HAdV infection to the GI symptoms, and the prevalence, impact, and treatment of HAdV GI infection in HSCT recipients.
PRAME‐negativity in sclerosing nevi with pseudomelanomatous features supports classification as an indolent lesion
Authors: Tang Haiming , McNiff Jennifer M. , Glusac Earl J. , Ko Christine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundSome dysplastic nevi, termed sclerosing nevi with pseudomelanomatous features, may have florid fibroplasia associated with features that cause melanoma to be a prominent consideration in the differential diagnosis. PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma) immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been shown to be a useful marker in the distinction of melanoma and nevus. PRAME expression in such sclerosing nevi with pseudomelanomatous features has not been evaluated to our knowledge.MethodsThirty‐two sclerosing nevi with pseudomelanomatous features were stained with PRAME IHC, with positive labeling defined as staining of >75% of the cytomorphologically atypical lesional cells.ResultsAll 32 cases had variable cytologic atypia, bridging of elongated rete, fibroplasia, and a vertically oriented trizonal appearance. Some cases (23/32) had centrally located flattening of the rete ridge pattern bilaterally flanked by fibroplasia associated with elongated rete. PRAME labeling was negative (<1% labeling) in 28/32 cases. Four cases, also interpreted as having negative labeling with PRAME, showed only weak nuclear positivity of <50% of the melanocytes within the pseudomelanomatous foci. p16 staining was positive in 28/28 lesions.ConclusionsRare sclerosing nevi with pseudomelanomatous features (4/32; ~13%) had weak PRAME labeling of 25%–50% of atypical foci. Twenty‐eight of 32 lesions had virtually no labeling with PRAME. PRAME results support classifying sclerosing nevi with pseudomelanomatous features as indolent lesions.
A retrospective study on the direct immunofluorescence findings in pigmented purpuric dermatosis
Authors: Ilagan Franchesca Marie D. , Wu Yu‐Hung 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPigmented purpuric dermatosis (PPD) is characterized by grouped petechiae, purpuric macules, and pigmentation in the bilateral lower extremities. It runs a chronic and relapsing course. Pathophysiology is poorly understood, but it has been proposed to be an immune‐complex disease or capillaritis. This study aimed to determine the incidence and patterns of positive direct immunofluorescence (DIF) findings in patients with clinically and histopathologically confirmed PPD. The association between DIF deposition type and clinical profile was also analyzed.MethodsPatients with a clinical and histopathologic PPD diagnosis who had undergone DIF studies at a tertiary medical center with attached dermatopathology and immunofluorescence diagnostic centers between January 2002 and December 2021 were included in this study. Data on age, sex, disease duration, comorbidities, and drug intake were collected from medical records.ResultsThere were 65 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria. Among them, 58 (89%) had at least one positive finding and 53 (82%) were vascular deposition of immunoglobulin (Ig), complement, or fibrinogen. The most common vascular deposition was fibrinogen (71%) followed by C3 (62%), IgM (18%), IgA (6%), and IgG (3%). Fibrinogen deposition was associated with hypertension (p < 0.03). There was no association between vascular DIF deposition of IgG, IgA, and C3, with age, sex, comorbidities, disease duration, and drug history.ConclusionThe most common DIF findings in PPD were vascular deposition of fibrinogen and C3, with or without Ig presence. DIF findings supported a vascular origin in PPD but not an immune complex‐mediated disease. Hypertension was associated with fibrinogen deposition and may play a role in its pathophysiology.
Trend over time on knowledge of the health effects of cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use in Bangladesh: Findings from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Bangladesh Surveys
Authors: Naznin Eva , George Johnson , Driezen Pete , Palazzi Kerrin , Wynne Olivia , Nargis Nigar , Fong Geoffrey T. , Bonevski Billie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionCigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco (ST) use are prevalent in Bangladesh. This longitudinal study examined how knowledge of the health effects of smoking and ST use in Bangladesh has changed overtime with the country's acceleration of tobacco control efforts.MethodsData were analysed from the International Tobacco Control Survey, a nationally representative longitudinal study of users and non‐users of tobacco (aged 15 and older) in Bangladesh, across four waves conducted in 2009 (n = 4378), 2010 (n = 4359), 2012 (n = 4223) and 2015 (n = 4242). Generalised estimating equations assessed the level of knowledge about harms of tobacco use across four waves. Multivariable logistic regressions assessed whether knowledge of health effects from cigarette smoking and ST use in 2015 differed by user group.ResultsIn 2015 survey, most tobacco users were aware that cigarette smoking causes stroke (92%), lung cancer (97%), pulmonary tuberculosis (97%) and ST use causes mouth cancer (97%) and difficulty in opening mouth (80%). There were significant increases in the total knowledge score of smoking related health harm from 2010 to 2012 (mean difference = 0.640; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.537, 0.742) and 2012 to 2015 (mean difference = 0.555; 95% CI 0.465, 0.645). Participants had greater odds of awareness for ST health effects from 2010 to 2015.Discussion and ConclusionsThe results suggest that increasing efforts of awareness policy interventions is having a positive effect on tobacco‐related knowledge in Bangladesh. These policy initiatives should be continued to identify optimal methods to facilitate behaviour change and improve cessation of smoking and ST use.
Limited hybridisation and introgression despite stocking among endemic Interior Highlands black basses (Centrarchidae: Micropterus)
Authors: Gunn Joe C. , Taylor Andrew T. , Buckingham Jeff J. , Kern Aaron I. , Long James M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimSmallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu; SMB) are globally popular among anglers and have been widely introduced (i.e. stocked) for population management and sportfishing. Importantly, stocking was prevalent before cryptic diversity within the SMB complex was known, which now includes three newly elevated species: Neosho Bass (M. velox; NB), Little River Bass (M. sp. cf. dolomieu Little River; LRB) and Ouachita Bass (M. sp. cf. dolomieu Ouachita River; OB). We sought to quantify population structure and hybridisation and introgression in these three recently described species.LocationSpecies‐level diversity, particularly in the basin‐restricted LRB and OB in the Ouachita Mountains within the Central Interior Highlands (CIH), North America, suggests the presence of distinct genetic variation that could be eroded by introgression.MethodsWe estimated interspecific introgression and intraspecific population differentiation in the Smallmouth Bass species complex (SMB‐C) using 472 specimens comprising SMB, NB, LRB and OB, including the naturally sympatric Spotted Bass (M. punctulatus; SPB). Genomic samples were genotyped on a SNP panel of 192 loci designed to detect allele‐sharing on multiple hierarchical levels.ResultsWe found low range‐wide hybridisation between species in the SMB‐C and SPB (mostly SMB‐C backcrosses), and interspecific heterozygosity varied, indicating differential introgression. Range‐wide hybridisation between species in the CIH and SMB was similar overall (but mostly F2 and CIH backcrosses) and was observed in streams with known SMB stocking in connected reservoirs. Interspecific heterozygosity in SMB hybrids was also generally lower, indicating later‐generation backcrosses. We found strong population structure in the Ouachita Mountains (LRB and OB).Main ConclusionsDespite isolated incidences of natural (SPB) and human‐mediated (SMB) introgression, genomic identity appears intact in endemic LRB and OB, suggesting potential ecological or behavioural isolating mechanisms preventing cross‐species reproduction. Our findings reveal that genetic variation remains in cryptic, basin‐restricted species in the Ouachita Mountains ecoregion that may be managed for long‐term conservation.
Social but not solitary bee abundance tracks pollen protein accumulation in forest canopy gaps
Authors: Davies Cora B. , Davis Thomas S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Forest restoration projects that create canopy gaps can promote floral diversity and may provide reservoirs for bee–flower interactions. However, periods of bee activity must match availability of floral nutrition for bees to benefit from these effects.
We model variation in canopy gap size, floral density, pollen protein and bee and floral traits to test the hypothesis that patterns of floral visitation in bee–flower interactions are predicted by patch structure, variation in bee life histories and floral phenotypes.
Canopy gap size did not predict overlap of foraging bee abundances and floral protein, but bee life‐history traits did. Foraging activity of large ground‐nesting bees matched accumulation of protein density, whereas activity of small cavity‐nesting bees and kleptoparasitic species preceded peak protein density.
Floral visual traits predicted visitation rates, with more interactions for taller species with large floral displays.
Both native and invasive species have high nutritional value for bees in canopy gaps and can support frequent and rich interactions. Landscapes with both weedy and native floral species may have higher phenological diversity and provide more foraging opportunities for early‐season bees.
We conclude that canopy gap creation is likely to have similar impacts on bee–flower interactions regardless of gap size, but activity periods of larger bees are more aligned with pollen protein density than activity of small bees, and floral visual displays are decoupled from pollen protein content.
Fostering and assessing student critical thinking: From theory to teaching practice
Authors: Vincent‐Lancrin Stéphan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn an age of innovation and digitalisation, critical thinking has become one of the most valued skills in the labour market. This paper shows how teachers can empower students to develop their students' critical thinking. After recalling why critical thinking matters for democracy and the economy, a definition of critical thinking is outlined. Next, a demonstration is given of how the concept critical thinking can be translated and simplified using teacher‐friendly rubrics that can support the design or redesign of lesson plans, teacher observations and formative assessment—as well as standardised assessments. In conclusion, the paper argues that critical thinking should be mainstreamed in all subjects in school curricula, and that it leads to deeper understanding of subject matter content.
Challenges to improving higher education students' critical thinking capacity in China
Authors: Zhang Qinggen , Liu Zhiyuan , Shen Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDrawing on data from the 2016 National Assessment of Collegiate Capacity in China, the study on which this article reports explored the value‐added effects of critical thinking capacity in higher education. Specifically, the analysis was developed using the difference in residuals model based on the Hierarchical Linear Modelling approach. The results show that, first, critical thinking capacity is malleable and can be improved through undergraduate education. Second, the results demonstrate that the value‐added effects of undergraduate education on college students' critical thinking capacity are heterogeneous. Only half of the value‐added effects achieved in higher education in China were positive. Third, the size of value‐added effects was not fully aligned with the level of the institutions. High‐ranking universities did not always perform well in achieving high value‐added effects on critical thinking capacity. This study analyses the reasons why some universities in China face insurmountable challenges in efforts to improve college students' critical thinking capacity. Challenges are highlighted from multiple perspectives. Corresponding improvement strategies are proposed in the concluding discussion.
Resisting extractivism as a feminist critical socio‐spatial practice
Authors: Daskalaki Maria , Fotaki Marianna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper draws on feminist geographies of space, proposing a feminist critical spatial practice approach to study social movement organizing. Inspired by the work of Jane Rendell, a feminist theorist and architectural historian, we propose embodiment, materiality, affectivity, and alterity as co‐constitutive of feminist organizing. Specifically, we prioritize the intertwining of space and body in resisting extractivism to analyze visual artifacts produced by artists/activists who have joined the anti‐extractivist struggle against mining in Northern Greece, Chalkidiki area. In particular, we focus on how bodies transgress and reconstitute space by affecting its materiality during artistic performances. We argue that the protesting (moving and ensounded) body enacts affective solidarities and invites collective action against exploitative neoliberal regimes. Finally, the article brings together body‐land territory and territorial‐community feminism literature to enrich our understanding of spatial practices of resistance against neoliberal extractivist regimes while highlighting the role of emotions and affect as a means of mobilizing for action and maintaining momentum.
Loss of YAP1 C‐terminus expression as an ancillary marker for metaplastic thymoma: a potential pitfall in detecting YAP1::MAML2 gene rearrangement
Authors: Wang Xuan , Liu Lei‐lei , Li Qing , Xia Qiu‐yuan , Li Rui , Ye Sheng‐bing , Zhang Ru‐song , Fang Ru , Chen Hui , Wu Nan , Rao Qiu 
Published: August 2023

AimsMetaplastic thymoma is a rare thymic tumour characterized by Yes Associated Protein 1 (YAP1) and Mastermind Like Transcriptional Coactivator 2 (MAML2) gene fusions resulting from an intrachromosomal inversion of chromosome 11. Immunohistochemistry with an antibody directed against the C‐terminus of YAP1 has shown loss of expression in YAP1‐rearranged vascular neoplasms, poromas, and porocarcinomas. This study aimed to validate an anti‐YAP1 C‐terminal antibody as an ancillary immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of metaplastic thymoma.Materials and methodsTen metaplastic thymomas were selected for the current study. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), next‐generation sequencing (NGS), and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analyses were performed to detect YAP1::MAML2 fusions. We then performed immunohistochemistry to detect YAP1 C‐terminus expression in 10 metaplastic thymomas, 50 conventional thymomas (10 each of type A thymoma, type AB thymoma, type B1 thymoma, type B2 thymoma, and type B3 thymoma) and seven thymic carcinomas.ResultsAll 10 cases showed narrow split signals with a distance of nearly two signal diameters and sometimes had false‐negative results in YAP1 and MAML2 break‐apart FISH (BA‐FISH). Abnormal colocalized signals of the YAP1::MAML2 fusion were observed in all 10 cases using fusion FISH (F‐FISH) assays. Eight of 10 cases with adequate nucleic acids were successfully sequenced and all showed YAP1::MAML2 fusions; in two cases the fusions were detected by both DNA and RNA sequencing and in six cases by RNA sequencing only. YAP1::MAML2 fusion transcripts were identified in four cases by RT‐PCR. Metaplastic thymoma showed loss of YAP1 C‐terminus expression in all 10 (100%) cases. All other thymic neoplasms showed retained YAP1 C‐terminus expression.ConclusionYAP1 C‐terminus immunohistochemistry is a highly sensitive and specific ancillary marker that distinguishes metaplastic thymoma from its mimics. BA‐FISH assays could not effectively detect YAP1::MAML2 fusions due to the proximity of the two genes. Loss of YAP1 C‐terminus expression is a reliable surrogate for the detection of YAP1::MAML2 fusions in metaplastic thymoma.
Skin quality sensor to evaluate vibration and friction generated when sliding over skins
Authors: Saito Naoki , Matsumori Kohei , Kazama Taiki , Sakaguchi Saito , Okazaki Ryuta , Arakawa Naomi , Okamoto Shogo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe mechanical condition and tactile evaluation of skin are essential for the development of skin care products. Most of the existing commercial instruments and studies aim to evaluate the skin surface by pressing it for hardness or by using imaging sensors, but there have been few instrumental measurements employing rubbing motion. Here, we have developed a sensor specialized for tactile sensation and the contact phenomenon during skin rubbing.MethodsThe developed sensor has three features: It can measure body parts including cheeks and arms, automate the rubbing motion of the probe and measure vibration and friction simultaneously. It is hand‐held, with metal probes that rub the skin surface while rotating under a motor drive; it has an accelerometer and a force sensor beneath the probe measuring vibration and friction forces. To evaluate the validity of the sensor's measurements, artificial skin models were measured using the developed sensor and commercially available sensors and the results were compared. The relationship between the sensor output, surface roughness measurement and sensory evaluation was also investigated. Additionally, we evaluated the inter‐rater reliability when measuring actual skin.ResultsThe measurements of five artificial skin models with different surface shapes showed a high correlation (r = 0.99) between the vibration intensity values evaluated by the developed sensor and those measured by a tri‐axial acceleration sensor attached to a fingernail. The correlation coefficient between the vibration intensity values and surface roughness was r = 0.91, and the correlation with the sensory evaluation score of roughness was r = 0.99. The friction coefficients measured by the developed sensor and the force plate had r = 0.93, based on measurements of five artificial skin models with different friction conditions. The inter‐rater correlation coefficients between the three participants of the developed sensor were as high as 0.92 and 0.94 for the vibration and friction measurements respectively.ConclusionThe vibration intensities and friction coefficients from the sensor were highly correlated with those of the conventional sensor. The inter‐rater reliability was also high. The developed sensor can be useful for tactile evaluation in skin‐care product development.
Effect of spray‐dried pomegranate peel polyphenols on the inhibition of lipid oxidation
Authors: Michel Mariela R. , Martínez‐Torres Paola Fernanda , Ávila‐Hernández José Guadalupe , Rojas Romeo , Martínez‐Ávila Guillermo Cristian G. , Ascacio‐Valdés Juan Alberto , Aguilar‐Zárate Mayra , Aguilar‐Zárate Pedro 
Published: August 2023

SummaryPomegranate peel polyphenols, specifically the punicalagin, have gained importance due to their potential antioxidant capacity and because of this different methodologies to encapsulate and protect the polyphenols for proposing their uses have been proposed. The objective of the present work was to optimise the spray drying of pomegranate peel polyphenols and additionally to evaluate their antioxidant activity based on lipid oxidation inhibition. The spray‐drying process was optimised via Taguchi L9 orthogonal array considering the feed flow (3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 mL min−1), temperature (125, 150, and 200 °C), and airflow (30, 35, and 40 m3 h−1). The lipid oxidation inhibition was the response variable. The optimal spray‐drying conditions were experimentally validated, and the changes in polyphenols were analysed by HPLC‐ESI‐MS. The spray‐drying conditions optimised at which the polyphenols better preserved their antioxidant capacity (i.e., 87.40% of inhibition) were feed flow, 4.5 mL min−1; temperature, 125 °C; and airflow, 35 m3 h−1. However, temperature control was the most critical factor for obtaining good quality spray‐dried polyphenols (37.65% of influence). This permitted us to propose that spray‐dried pomegranate peel polyphenols could be used as antioxidants in edible oils.
A fragmented and heavily privatized dispute resolution system: The United States
Authors: Avgar Ariel C. , Colvin Alexander J. S. , Katz Harry C. , Nobles Katrina G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe United States possesses a highly fragmented and decentralized set of mechanisms addressing work‐related conflicts and disputes. There are consequential differences in how workplace conflicts are resolved across the following settings—union and nonunion or collective and individual, public and private sectors, traditional and nonstandard employment models, and public and private forums. An important trend is the growing influence in the nonunion sector of ‘private justice’ provided in employment arbitration and conflict management systems as a replacement for ‘public justice’, and in the union sector, private neutrals also play a key role.