bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated image quantification of immunohistochemistry-stained immune cells in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Roostee Suze , Ehinger Daniel , Jönsson Mats , Staaf Johan , Aine Mattias 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:
Breast cancer is a molecularly heterogenous disease for which the composition of the tumour microenvironment (TME) is acknowledged with an increasing role in treatment response and prognosis. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), representative of a general immune response, have been associated with a favourable prognosis. With growing number of TME cell type markers being analysed by conventional IHC or other in situ methods combined with need of spatial marker relationship analysis digital image analysis tools are needed to facilitate broader in situ characterisation of the breast cancer TME.
Methods:
A TMA comprising 218 patients with TNBC, enrolled in the Sweden Cancerome Analysis Network – Breast (SCAN-B) study, with complementary clinicopathological, WGS, and RNA-sequencing data were used. The TMA was stained using immunohistochemistry for p53, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, FOXP3, and PD-L1 (SP142 antibody), with available pathology scoring for CD20, PD-L1 and TILs. An open-source digital image analysis pipeline, Tissue microarray MArker Quantification (TMArQ), for analyses of single marker IHC images was developed implementing starDist segmentation. Primary pipeline output was the number of positive cells based on IHC staining.
Results:
TMArQ’s cell counts for analysed immune markers were on par with results from more advanced trained machine learning algorithms and consistent with both estimates from human pathology review, different quantifications/classifications derived from RNA-sequencing as well as known prognostic patterns of immune response in TNBC. When combined with somatic genetic information (TP53-mutation and homologous recombination deficiency, HRD) the pipeline demonstrated consistency in p53 protein expression versus TP53 variant type and superior patient outcome for the combination of high CD3 counts with HRD-positivity in patients with adjuvant standard-of-care chemotherapy.
Conclusions:
TMArQ is an easy-to-use open-source automated pipeline for IHC-based cell detection and quantification to be used as an exploratory tool in cancer image analysis. Digital analysis tools will likely greatly facilitate further characterisation of the breast cancer TME in novel ways and allow for a more precise linking of TME features and molecular alterations detected by large-scale omics methods, thereby deepening our understanding of breast cancer.
Ex vivo susceptibility and molecular signature assessment of antimalarial-based combination therapies (ACT) partner drugs resistance in Senegal
Authors: YADE Mamadou Samb , Fall Awa , Coppée Romain , Mbaye Aminata , Adoux Lucie , Diallo Mamadou Alpha , Diongue Khadim , Tine Abdoulaye , Mama Atikatou , Thiaw Alphonse Birane , Bailly Justine , Ndiaye Ibrahima Mbaye , Kébé Ousmane , Sow Djiby , Ndiaye Tolla , Diédhiou Younouss , Gaye Amy , Doderer-Lang Cécile , Niyomwungere Denis , Tarama Casimire Wendlamita , Garba Mamane Nassirou , Bei Amy Kristine , Dièye Baba , Ménard Didier , Ndiaye Daouda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Over the last decades, Plasmodium falciparum – the main causative agent of malaria – has constantly developed resistance to antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or artemisinin derivatives. Therefore, active surveillance in the ex vivo susceptibility to the antimalarial drugs used as partner drugs in artemisinin-based combination therapies (the current frontline antimalarial) such as amodiaquine, lumefantrine or piperaquine, is essential.
Methods
Here, we evaluated the ex vivo susceptibility, expressed with the ex vivo SYBR™ Green, to six antimalarial drugs (amodiaquine, chloroquine, lumefantrine, mefloquine, piperaquine and quinine) from 34 P. falciparum isolates collected in 2018 in Thiès (Senegal). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to search for mutations in P. falciparum genes known to be associated with drug resistance.
Results
P. falciparum isolates showed reduced ex vivo susceptibility only to chloroquine (16% of the isolates). Mutations in pfcrt K76T (21%) and pfmdr1 Y184F (53%) were the most prevalent. A significant correlation was observed between the mutants pfcrt 76T and pfmdr1 184F and IC50 values for chloroquine. A significant decrease in ex vivo susceptibility to chloroquine and quinine associated with the pfcrt R371I was also detected (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Our results suggest that the ex vivo susceptibility of P. falciparum isolates to amodiaquine, lumefantrine, mefloquine, piperaquine and quinine remains high in Thiès. Directly measuring ex vivo parasite drug response and sequencing resistance mutations overtime are both useful tools for monitoring parasite drug response in field samples.
Impact of surficial factors on groundwater quality for irrigation using spatial techniques: emerging evidence from the northeast region of Ghana
Authors: Kpiebaya Prosper , Shaibu Abdul-Ganiyu , Yahans Amuah Ebenezer Ebo , Kazapoe Raymond Webrah , Salifu Eliasu , Dekongmen Benjamin Wullobayi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The need for quality water in Africa for agriculture cannot be overemphasized amidst the current global water crises. The focus of this study sought to evaluate the quality of groundwater for irrigation purposes while unearthing the emerging challenges in the study area. In total, 202 groundwater samples were collected, and several parameters were tested. The study employed QGIS and multi-criteria decision analysis to examine zones of suitable groundwater quality for agriculture. Findings from the study indicate that the primary water types were Na–HCO3 and Ca–HCO3. The overall accuracy (OV) of the land use land cover (LULC) map using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm was 94.5%. The analysis revealed that SpH influences GpH at p = 0.02891 (p &lt; 0.05) and SOM and SOC influence GNO3 at p = 0.044 (p &lt; 0.05). The overlay analysis spatially classified the groundwater in the study area into three categories of suitability with ariel coverage showing areas of good quality (1,534.34 km2), moderate quality (1,933.35 km2), and poor quality (1,815.21 km2). The results from this study uncovered that 72.33% of the samples were within the desirable limits and it can be concluded that the quality of groundwater in the area is acceptable for irrigation.
Patients with coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease - the possibility of applying cell adhesion molecule as a predictor of disease progression
Authors: Samakaev A. S. , Glova S. E. , Zimoveyskaya E. E. , Khaisheva L. A. , Shlyk S. V. 
Published: July 2023

Objective: to study the level of type 1 vascular endothelial adhesion molecule in patients with coronary heart disease depending on the stage of chronic kidney disease. Material and methods: the study included 115 patients, mean age was 67.56±12.42 years (63 men, 52 women) with ischemic heart disease (CAD), stable angina (tension), functional class 1–3, chronic kidney disease (CKD) C1–C3. The level of the vascular endothelial adhesion molecule type 1 (VCAM 1) was assessed using the enzyme immunoassay kit for the quantitative determination of human VCAM 1 ThermoFisher scientific. Results: in patients with CAD and CKD, the level of serum VCAM 1 progressively increases as angina pectoris worsens and can be regarded as an early marker of CAD progression. The level of VCAM 1 does not depend on the stage of CKD. When studying the correlation relationships between the level of serum VCAM 1 and clinical and laboratory data, it was found that there is a correlation relationship between VCAM 1 and the level of SBP and DBP. Conclusion: in patients with CAD and CKD, it is advisable to use the determination of the level of VCAM 1 to identify patients with a high risk of cardiovascular complications.
Phenotype of bronchial asthma with obesity in combination with chronic coronary heart disease
Authors: Noskova E. V. , Simonova Zh. G. , Balandina Yu. A. 
Published: July 2023

Objective: to study the clinical characteristics of patients with the phenotype of obese brochial asthma in combination with chronic coronary heart disease. Material and methods: in an open-label clinical trial, two groups of patients with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) and bronchial asthma (BA) were formed. Patients of group I (n=43) had obesity as a concomitant disease. Group II (n=50) were non-obese patients. All patients underwent a general clinical examination. The results of Holter’s daily monitoring of the electrocardiogram (HMECG), duplex scanning of the brachiocephalic arteries (BCA DS), transthoracic echocardiography (EchoCG), coronaroangiography (CAG), and spirography were evaluated. The results of biochemical blood testing were also evaluated. Results: for patients of group I, the main complaints were shortness of breath (84% vs 62%, p=0,036) and cough (65% vs 40%, p=0,027) compared with patients of the control group. According to the results of echo-CG in this group, signs of overload of the left heart were revealed. The LV EDV score was more significant than in the control group (p=0,034). The thickness of IVS is also more significant in patients of group I (p=0,022). Ultrasound of the common carotid and internal carotid arteries revealed atherosclerotic plaques in 53% of patients of group I vs 30% (p=0,037) of the control group. According to CAG, the prevalence of RCA stenosis was more significant in patients of group I (56% vs 24%, p=0,003). In patients of group I, spirometry showed a more pronounced decrease in OFV1 (64,1±6,7 vs 66,9±7,1, p=0,042). Conclusion: the adipose BA phenotype combined with CHD is characterized by more frequent cough complaints as the equivalent of choking in bronchobstructive syndrome. Also, patients are more likely to note shortness of breath as the equivalent of angina pain and, possibly, the manifestation of respiratory and heart failure. These clinical features of the phenotype are reflected in the results of instrumental examination methods: pronounced atherosclerotic vascular damage, signs of overload of the left heart, a more significant decrease in the FEV1 rate.
Predicting outcomes of dual antihypertensive therapy
Authors: Okorokova T. O. , Krjuchkova O. N. 
Published: July 2023

Objective:to establish predictors of failure of dual antihypertensive therapy in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) of high and very high cardiovascular risk, to create a predicting model for the negative outcome of dual antihypertensive therapy. Materials and methods: The study included 88 patients with uncontrolled hypertension who did not receive basic antihypertensive therapy, mean age 58.0±1.52 years. The examination was carried out on the basis of the current regulatory documents regulating the examination at the stationary stage. Additionally, the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein and blood uric acid was determined. 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and electrocardiogram (ECG), respiratory polygraphy of sleep, and computerized capillaroscopy were performed. The search for predictors and the creation of a predictive model were carried out using the binary logistic regression method. Results: the effectiveness of dual drug therapy was 33.0%. Prognostic markers associated with a negative outcome of treatment were identified: interventricular septal thickness (IVS) (OR 3.44; p=0.009), linear density of the capillary network (OR 4.65, p<0.001), area density of the capillary network (OR 3, 98; p<0.001); remodeling coefficient (OR 8.40; p=0.003), mean nighttime systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR 1.94; p=0.014), mean daily SBP (OR 2.86; p=0.014), SDNNi (OR 2 .86; p=0.007). The final model included the IVS, areal density of the capillary network, and the average daily SBP. Model characteristics: regression coefficient 25.74; p<0.001; p Wald 0.049; OR 9.1 (95% CI 3.12; 26.82). The sensitivity of the method was 83.1%, the specificity was 69.0%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.805±0.05 (95% CI 0.707; 0.882). The cut-off point corresponded to the calculated probability value of 0.599. Conclusions: the study demonstrated the low efficacy of dual antihypertensive therapy. Given the lack of approved algorithms for predicting outcomes of drug treatment in patients with uncontrolled hypertension, the developed model is of clinical interest and may be useful in achieving better BP control. To improve the quality of the model in order to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the method, further study on larger samples is required.
Some immune mechanisms of inflammation in bronchial asthma combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Skiba T. A. 
Published: July 2023

Objective: to study the immune mechanisms of inflammation of the patients with BA in association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and methods: the study involved 215 patients with persistent BA of moderate severity at the age of (28.6±2.4) years, including 88 men (40.9%), 127 women (59.1%). Among the examined patients with BA there were 64 — group I, persons with BA in association with type 2 diabetes — 151 (group II), in whom, along with routine laboratory and instrumental methods, cellular immunity, IgE and lymphocytic autoantibodies were determined. Results: patients with BA in combination with type 2 diabetes more often have an uncontrolled course of the disease with a complication in the form of grade II respiratory failure. In patients with BA, as well as with BA in combination with type 2 diabetes, the formation of secondary immunodeficiency due to the cellular link was noted. The combination of BA and type 2 diabetes is characterized by the most pronounced negative changes in cellular immunity among all examined patients. In BA in combination with type 2 diabetes, a decrease in the concentration of IgE was noted along with an increase in the number of lymphocytic autontibodies. Conclusion: patients with BA in combination with type 2 diabetes have a more severe course of BA and the addition of a more destructive autoimmune to allergic inflammation, which increases the risk of complications of both diseases.
Queens in Folklores as Representation of Indonesian Feminism
Authors: Wiyatmi Wiyatmi 
Published: July 2023

The view that the patriarchic system has dominated human life is untrue. Evidence has been found that, in the history of human civilization, women have been raised to the royal throne and ruled a kingdom. The existence of a queen has also been found in folklore in Indonesia. Using the qualitative research design with the perspectives of feminist literary criticism, the present study analyzes four folklore titles with a queen as the main character, such as: (1) The Legend of the Hermitage of Queen Kalinyamat, (2) Queen Kencanawungu, (3) Madam Undang Beautiful Queen from Kupang Island, and (4) The Legend of Princess Rengganis. Findings show no gender bias in the transfer of the royal inheritance or in choosing the successor of the royal throne in some kingdoms of regions in Indonesia. The crowning of a new ruler is more based on kinship and leadership qualities. This research also shows that before the emergence and development of feminism in the West, it has been existed in the archipelago, which can be called Indonesian feminism, i.e, feminism that gave women rights and voices not only in the domestic sphere but also in the public sphere, as a queen whose power was recognized.
Desenvolvimento de microempreendimentos do setor cultural na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Da Costa Lima Thales Abreu , Da Gama Afonso Herlander Costa Alegre , Valente Ferreira Julio Cesar 
Published: July 2023

O setor cultural representa quase 3% do PIB brasileiro, e emprega 5,5 milhões de trabalhadores, parte destes estão na informalidade e são "invisíveis" aos olhos do Estado. Os microempreendimentos do ramo da cultura são uma fonte de inovação a partir dos potenciais culturais locais. O objetivo desta pesquisa é capacitar a partir de uma estratégia de educação empresarial para microempreendedores culturais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro., com a finalidade de gerar novas oportunidades de negócios e renda. A pesquisa contempla as seguintes etapas/fases metodológicas: a Fase 1 compreende uma análise de dados da organização NaProCult; na Fase 2, foi elaborada um treinamento, validado por meio de um painel de especialistas; na Fase 3 realizou-se uma pesquisa-ação para a execução da capacitação, cujos resultados foram avaliados na Fase 4, por meio de um survey. Os resultados mostram que os fazedores de cultura têm pouco acesso a uma educação voltada para seus empreendimentos, como frameworks que proponham novas formas de gestão para o mercado de trabalho atual.
PET/CT with various radiopharmaceuticals in the complex diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: a review
Authors: Tsentr N. V. , Ertman A. E. , Ryzhkova D. V. 
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Medullary carcinoma is a rare malignant neuroendocrine tumor of the thyroid gland. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) has no specific clinical symptoms. Due to the absence of specific symptoms, the disease is usually diagnosed at the stage of metastatic lesions of regional lymph nodes, and sometimes, internal organs. The five- and ten-year survival after detection of distant metastases is 25% and 10%, respectively.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the available foreign and domestic literature to determine the role of PET/CT with various radiopharmaceuticals in the complex radiological diagnosis of MTC.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A search was made for scientific publications and clinical recommendations in the information and analytical systems PudMed, elibrary over the past ten years, dedicated to the diagnosis of MTC, including PET/CT with 18F-DOPA, 18F-FDG, 68Ga-DOTA peptides, etc. by keywords «medullary thyroid cancer», «medullary thyroid carcinoma», «PET/CT», «18F-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine», «18F-DOPA», «18F-DOPA», «68Ga-DOTA peptides», «68Ga-DOTA-peptides», «theranostics», «theranostics».RESULTS: The analysis of publications demonstrated the prospects for the use of PET/CT with various radiopharmaceuticals for the diagnosis of recurrent tumors and the prevalence of the process in biochemical recurrence of MTC, as well as the possibility of peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy for the treatment of advanced forms of the disease. The choice of radiopharmaceuticals is based on the results of laboratory diagnostics and conventional methods of anatomical imaging. PET/CT with 68Ga-DOTA peptides is performed to predict the effectiveness of peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy.CONCLUSION: PET/CT with various radiopharmaceuticals makes a significant contribution to the diagnosis of recurrent tumors, assessment of the prevalence of the tumor process and selection of patients for peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy.
Diversification of Transport Links in the “Asia — Europe” Container Shipping Traffic
Authors: Shcherbinin N. V. , Rusinov I. A. 
Published: July 2023

In the modern foreign economic conditions, the development of container shipping through the system of international transport corridors in the Eurasian space is one of the key aspects in order to improve the national transport complex and to ensure the economic sustainability of the federal subjects of Russia. The object of this research is the «Asia-Europe» segment of the container transportation market, the research subject is to make assessment of the feasibility of the container shipping routes diversification in Eurasia.Aim. To consider the possibilities of the Russian transport system in conditions of restructuring supply chains and container shipping intensification through the international transport corridor “West — East”.Tasks. To identify the directions of increasing the competitiveness of the Russian Federation container system; to determine the main routes of the ITC “West — East» system; to implement the statistical analysis of container shipping data in Russia; to complete the comparative analysis of container transportation through ITC “West — East” and through alternative routes in the “Asia — Europe” connection.Methods. The collection of the data on the main ITC “West — East” routes in accordance with the following systems: Organisation for Cooperation between Railways (OSJD), Eurasian Development Bank (EDB), Directorate of International Transport Corridors (DITC), Russian Foreign Trade Academy (RFTA), Centr Ekonomiki Infrastruktury (CEK).Results. The research of the relevant container shipping routes of Russian goods in the current industry conditions and the consideration of the main advantages of containerized cargo delivery routes diversification in the “Asia — Europe” connection were carried out.Conclusions. The demand for container transportation routes passing through ITC “West — East” has increased in parallel with the process of cargo flows redirection. Diversification of containers delivery routes leads to significantly reduction of the transit time and support the development of the national transport system.
On Issue of Current Development of Tourism between Russia and China
Authors: Yagya T. S. 
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to Russian-Chinese tourism cooperation. It noted that this cooperation is a promising direction in the development of relations between Russia and China. The article examines the state of development of Russian-Chinese tourism cooperation, reveals the factors that attract Chinese tourists to Russia. It tells about the growing trend of Chinese interest in Russian tourist destinations. The article pays attention to the importance of the Russian-Chinese tourism forums held every year, as well as the importance of the “Visit Russia” tourism office. It talks about the successful work of the Russian tourism association “World Without Borders” and the Chinese Association of travel companies. The article reveals a number of unresolved problems in the development of the Russian-Chinese tourism industry, and also indicates the measures taken by the Russian and Chinese governments, which led to activity in the development of Russian-Chinese bilateral tourism. Prospects in the development of tourism in Russia and China, as well as measures to restore the tourism industry after the Covid-19 pandemic are considered.Aim. To investigate present status and development of Russian-Chinese tourism.Tasks. To analyze present status of development of Russian-Chinese relations in the field of tourism, to identify their features and problems; to find out opportunities of Russian tourism market focused on Chinese tourists and possible ways to develop tourism between two countries.Methods. This article is created based on empirical methods such as comparative analysis, as well as theoretical research methods such as deduction, the method of historical analysis, statistical methods, general logical methods (analysis and synthesis).Results. The research showed great importance of cooperation between Russia and China in the field of tourism for two countries. This cooperation contributes to the growth of incomes of local population due to creation of a large number of new jobs, the improvement of communication and information infrastructure and an increase in level of involvement of countries in globalization processes. The results of the research are based on the analysis of data obtained from various available sources, including official statistics.Conclusion. The importance of cooperation between Russia and China in the field of tourism and in the development of both Russian and Chinese economies in the XXI century is great. It seems to us that it is the merit of both Russian and Chinese governments supporting development of partnership relations in the field of tourism.