bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unfolding the potential of dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) for value addition: A review
Authors: Tarte Indrayani , Singh Anurag , Dar Aamir Hussain , Sharma Arun , Altaf Aayeena , Sharma Poonam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDragon fruit (DF) or Pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) a member of Cactaceae family is gaining popularity in the market for consumption of fresh fruit due to its highly attractive fruit color with nutritional and immense bioactive potential that reduces blood sugar level, cholesterol, prevention of liver injuries, cancer, and so forth. In commercial market valorized products of DFs are available. The processing of edible and nonedible parts of DF is of immense significance to prepare nutritionally rich value‐added products and concurrently reducing the challenges occurring due to waste generation and spoilage. This review paper provides detailed insights of DF processing into different value‐added products, its medicinal benefits, bioactive potential, and the physico‐chemical changes occurring in DF during processing such as drying, fermentation, extraction, and so forth.
Investigation into the heat transfer models for the hot crude oil transportation in a long‐buried pipeline
Authors: Yuan Qing , Luo Yiyang , Shi Teng , Gao Yuyao , Wei Jinjia , Yu Bo , Chen Yujie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBased on reasonable simplifications of a two‐dimensional (2D) energy equation, a basic heat transfer equation in 1D form is obtained for the hot crude oil transportation in a long‐buried pipeline. To enclose the heat transfer equation, the overall heat transfer coefficient and the numerical simulation of temperature fields of pipe wall and soil are introduced, and they together with the basic heat transfer equation constitute 1D and cross‐dimensional heat transfer models of crude oil transportation, respectively. Some numerical procedures, including grid generation, partial differential equation discretization, and algebraic equation solution, are combined to solve the two heat transfer models. Based on the designed cases with different pipeline parameters, the relative deviation between the numerical results from the two heat transfer models does not exceed 1%, and the two heat transfer models agree well. Furthermore, the nonuniform natural soil temperature field is designed, and its influence on the oil temperature and the deviation of the 1D heat transfer model is investigated. Under the condition of the nonuniform natural soil temperature field, the atmospheric temperature as the ambient temperature in the 1D heat transfer model causes an apparent deviation, whereas the soil temperature at the buried depth of the pipeline in the natural soil temperature field as the ambient temperature does not. This study can provide a reference for the reasonable selection and use of the heat transfer models of the buried hot oil pipeline.
The Neonicotinoid Imidacloprid Impairs Learning, Locomotor Activity Levels, and Sucrose Solution Consumption in Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris)
Authors: Paus-Knudsen Julie Sørlie , Sveinsson Henrik Andersen , Grung Merete , Borgå Katrine , Nielsen Anders 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Bumblebees carry out the complex task of foraging to provide for their colonies. They also conduct pollination, an ecosystem service of high importance to both wild plants and entomophilous crops. Insecticides can alter different aspects of bumblebee foraging behavior, including the motivation to leave the hive, finding the right flowers, handling flowers, and the ability to return to the colony. In the present study, we assessed how the neonicotinoid imidacloprid affects bumblebees' foraging behavior after exposure to four different treatment levels, including field-realistic concentrations (0 [control], 1, 10, and 100 μg/L), through sucrose solution over 9 days. We observed the behavior of several free-flying bumblebees simultaneously foraging on artificial flowers in a flight arena to register the bees' complex behavior postexposure. To conduct a detailed assessment of how insecticides affect bumblebee locomotor behavior, we used video cameras and analyzed the recordings using computer vision. We found that imidacloprid impaired learning and locomotor activity level when the bumblebees foraged on artificial flowers. We also found that imidacloprid exposure reduced sucrose solution intake and storage. By using automated analyses of video recordings of bumblebee behavior, we identified sublethal effects of imidacloprid exposure at field-realistic doses. Specifically, we observed negative impacts on consumption of sucrose solution as well as on learning and locomotor activity level. Our results highlight the need for more multimodal approaches when assessing the sublethal effects of insecticides and plant protection products in general. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1337–1345. © 2023 SETAC
Improved Quality of Service by canine olfactory route finding algorithm for Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Ghosh Sreya , Saha Misra Iti , Chakraborty Tamal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQoS aware vehicular ad‐hoc network (VANET) routing protocols address the increasing demand for delay‐sensitive vehicular applications to establish intelligent transportation. Primary challenge with ad‐hoc nature of VANET is that the communication between vehicle‐to‐vehicle and vehicle‐to‐infrastructure is prone to link failure. Bio‐inspired algorithms offer robust solutions to secure VANET links. Accordingly in this article, novel canine olfactory route‐finding algorithm (CORFA) is proposed for VANET to achieve the best possible route with the minimum transmission of packets, which ensures enhanced QoS. The underlying architecture utilizes the exceptional ability of canines to evaluate and memorize the environment and pass the message to neighbors. It makes canines a great choice to model their behavior for VANET routing. RSUs are fundamental components of VANET that supply contents to the proceeding vehicles from their cache. As RSUs carry out information dissemination tasks efficiently, the already traversed and discovered routing paths in the recent past can be cached in RSU's storage and through back‐haul can be circulated to neighboring RSUs. Vehicles request the pre‐cached route and use them for data transmission. Thereby avoiding the route discovery and maintenance procedure reduces the routing overhead. In absence of a pre‐cached route, the fittest vehicle from each hop is selected as next forwarder for packet transmission. The proposed routing algorithm forms multiple routes during route discovery to handle link failure scenario. Traffic simulator, SUMO is used to generate the mobility model and integrated with MATLAB for analysing the performance of CORFA with related geographical and topological routing protocols that confirm the performance superiority of CORFA under several metrics such as packet delivery ratio, network latency, throughput, and overhead.
Sentinel node identification in laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinoma after flexible endoscopy‐guided tracer injection under topical anesthesia: A feasibility study
Authors: Driessen Daphne A. J. J. , Arens Anne I. J. , Dijkema Tim , Weijs Willem L. J. , Draaijer Lisette C. , van den Broek Guido B. , Takes Robert P. , Honings Jimmie , Kaanders Johannes H. A. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of flexible endoscopy‐guided tracer injection for sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification in patients with laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinoma.MethodsSixteen cT1‐4N0‐2M0 patients with laryngeal or pharyngeal carcinoma underwent intra‐ and peritumoral [99mTc]Tc‐nanocolloid injections after topical anesthesia under endoscopic guidance. SPECT–CT scans were performed at two time points.ResultsTracer injection and visualization of SLNs was successful in 15/16 (94%) patients. Median number of tracer injections was 1 intratumoral and 3 peritumoral. The median duration of the endoscopic procedure including tracer injection after biopsy taking was 7 min (range 4–16 min). A total of 28 SLNs were identified which were all visualized on the early and late SPECT–CT. Most SLNs were visualized in neck levels II and III.ConclusionsFlexible endoscopy‐guided tracer injection for SLN identification is a feasible and fast procedure in laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinoma patients.
Tetrel‐Centered Exchange Cascades to Decouple Inhibition and Induction of Thiol‐Mediated Uptake: Introducing Cell‐Penetrating Thiolactones, Focus on Reversible Michael Acceptor Dimers
Authors: Lim Bumhee , Sakai Naomi , Matile Stefan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study adds thiolactones to the collection of cascade exchangers (CAXs) and reports with dynamic covalent Michael acceptor dimers the first CAXs that rather inhibit than enable thiol‐mediated uptake. The superior performance of dimers compared to monomeric Michael acceptors as inhibitors might suggest that top inhibitors move along thiol/ate arrays without losing covalent contact, while cell penetrators exchange along disulfide arrays. This decoupling of inhibition and induction of thiol‐mediated uptake is important because the latter is promising for drug delivery, while the former possibly helps to reveal targets associated with antiviral, antithrombotic and antitumor activity, leading to drug discovery. These results are consistent with the working model of thiol‐mediated uptake as a general complex network in charge of bringing matter into cells, and thus support its validity.
Cardiovascular risk factors and pericardial fat volume as predictors of coronary atherosclerosis burden in postmenopausal women: A retrospective, single center study
Authors: Nafakhi Hussein , Al‐Mosawi Abdulameer A. , Alkhalil Qais Q. Malik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsLittle is known about the clinical relevance of pericardial fat volume (PFV), compared to other conventional cardiovascular risk factors, as predictors of coronary atherosclerosis severity among postmenopausal women. Our main aim was to assess the association of PFV and cardiovascular risk factors with coronary atherosclerosis burden, including occlusive coronary artery disease (CAD) (luminal stenosis >50%), coronary artery calcium score (CAC) >100, and plaque types in postmenopausal women.MethodsPatients who had chest pain of angina and referred for 64‐slice multi‐detector CT (MDCT) angiography examination to exclude occlusive CAD presence were enrolled in this retrospective study.ResultsA total of 241 women with absence of menses for more than 2 consecutive years and not taking hormone replacement therapy were enrolled in the present study. Increased PFV (OR [CI] = 1.1 [1−1.3], p = 0.004), age (OR [CI] = 1.1 [1−1.4], p = 0.002), and diabetes mellitus (OR [CI] = 2 [1−4], p = 0.025) were significant predictors of occlusive CAD presence. Increased PFV (OR [CI] = 1.1 [1−1.4], p = 0.017) and increased age (OR [CI] = 1.2 [1.1−1.4], p < 0.001) were better predictors of CAC >100 than other cardiovascular risk factors. Regarding coronary plaque types, increased age (OR [CI] = 1.1 [1.1−1.3], p = 0.001) showed a significant association with coronary calcified plaque presence while increased body mass index(OR [CI] = 1.2 [1−1.4], p = 0.018) showed a significant association with coronary non‐calcified plaque presence.ConclusionHigher PFV values showed an independent association with occlusive CAD and significant coronary calcification. This may imply that increased PFV is likely associated with the development of advanced and severe phenotype of coronary atherosclerosis among postmenopausal women with suspected CAD.
A novel homozygous synonymous splicing variant in SELENOI gene causes spastic paraplegia 81
Authors: Sarma Asodu Sandeep , Siddardha Bathula , T Pragna Lakshmi , Ranganath Prajnya , Dalal Ashwin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHereditary spastic paraplegia 81 is a recently identified, rare autosomal recessive disease, caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the SELENOI gene, with only two families reported to date. The features documented in the two previous affected families include sensorineural deafness, blindness, cleft palate, delayed motor development, regression of motor skills, impaired intellectual development, poor speech and language acquisition, spasticity, hyperreflexia, white matter abnormalities and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy.MethodsIn the present study, we performed exome sequencing analysis in a single family with two affected siblings to identify the genetic cause of complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia. The results were further confirmed by Sanger sequencing, cDNA analysis and 3D protein modelling.ResultsExome sequencing identified a homozygous, synonymous variant in the SELENOI gene (NM_033505.4:c.126G>A:p.(Lys42Lys)) in both of the siblings. Sanger sequencing confirmed the heterozygous status in both parents consistent with the autosomal recessive inheritance. This variant has been found to disrupt normal splicing and lead to skipping of exon 2, causing in‐frame deletion of SELENOI N‐terminal 23 amino acids [NM_033505.4:c.57_126del:p.(Tyr20_Lys42del)] and further leading to structural changes in the protein.ConclusionsWe report a novel homozygous synonymous variant in the SELENOI gene causing abnormal splicing in two patients affected with hereditary spastic paraplegia 81. This report further expands the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of hereditary spastic paraplegia 81.
Rectilinear approximation and volume estimates for hereditary bodies via [0, 1]‐decorated containers
Authors: Falgas‐Ravry Victor , Hancock Robert , Strömberg Johanna , Uzzell Andrew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe use the hypergraph container theory of Balogh–Morris–Samotij and Saxton–Thomason to obtain general rectilinear approximations and volume estimates for sequences of bodies closed under certain families of projections. We give a number of applications of our results, including a multicolour generalisation of a theorem of Hatami, Janson and Szegedy on the entropy of graph limits. Finally, we raise a number of questions on geometric and analytic approaches to containers.
ZDP(n) ${Z}_{DP}(n)$ is bounded above by n2−(n+3)∕2 ${n}^{2}-(n+3)\unicode{x02215}2$
Authors: Zhang Meiqiao , Dong Fengming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn 2018, Dvořák and Postle introduced a generalization of proper coloring, the so‐called DP‐coloring. For any graph , the DP‐chromatic number of is defined analogously with the chromatic number of . In this article, we show that holds for , where is the join of and a complete graph with vertices. As a result, holds for every integer , where is the minimum nonnegative integer such that holds for every graph with vertices. Our result improves the best current upper bound of due to Bernshteyn, Kostochka, and Zhu.
Recombinant measles virus expressing prefusion spike protein stabilized by six rather than two prolines is more efficacious against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Zhang Yuexiu , Lu Mijia , Thongpan Ilada , Xu Jiayu , KC Mahesh , Dravid Piyush , Trivedi Sheetal , Sharma Himanshu , Liang Xueya , Kapoor Amit , Peeples Mark E. , Li Jianrong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMeasles virus (MeV) has been an excellent vector platform for delivering vaccines against many pathogens because of its high safety and efficacy, and induction of long‐lived immunity. Early in the COVID‐19 pandemic, a recombinant MeV (rMeV) expressing the prefusion full‐length spike protein stabilized by two prolines (TMV‐083) was developed and tested in phase 1 and 1/2 clinical trials but was discontinued because of insufficient immunogenicity and a low seroconversion rate in adults. Here, we compared the immunogenicity of rMeV expressing a soluble prefusion spike (preS) protein stabilized by two prolines (rMeV‐preS‐2P) with a rMeV expressing a soluble preS protein stabilized by six prolines (rMeV‐preS‐6P). We found that rMeV‐preS‐6P expressed approximately five times more preS than rMeV‐preS‐2P in cell culture. Importantly, rMeV‐preS‐6P induced 30‐60 and six times more serum immunoglobulin G and neutralizing antibody than rMeV‐preS‐2P, respectively, in IFNAR−/− mice. IFNAR−/− mice immunized with rMeV‐preS‐6P were completely protected from challenge with a mouse‐adapted SARS‐CoV‐2, whereas those immunized with rMeV‐preS‐2P were partially protected. In addition, hamsters immunized with rMeV‐preS‐6P were completely protected from the challenge with a Delta variant of SARS‐CoV‐2. Our results demonstrate that rMeV‐preS‐6P is significantly more efficacious than rMeV‐preS‐2P, highlighting the value of using preS‐6P as the antigen for developing vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2.
Start today and finish yesterday—Social innovation as a contribution to the community
Authors: Martins Tânia , Braga Alexandra , Ferreira Marisa R. , Braga Vitor 
Published: March 2023

Abstract“Start today and finish yesterday” wants to emphasize the importance and the potential urgency of social innovation and its positive impacts, since there is a clear impact of social innovation on society and the welfare of individuals, and for that reason, there is a need to gain in‐depth knowledge on the topic. Social innovation can be seen as enhanced forms of action, new ways of doing things, or new social inventions, and by addressing different issues through a social innovation lens, we can expect to contribute to the well‐being and prosperity of the community, potentially leading to a more sustainable and equitable future. The present research aims to understand how the context, market, potential human performance, and competitive advantage strategies, interfere with the process of social innovation and foster the creation of social value for the community. The case study was the method used, with semi‐structured interviews that enabled the comparison of five social innovation projects. Our main conclusions show the importance of contextual factors and the strong presence of the market as important impacts on social projects. Social innovation often stems from the efforts of motivated individuals who strive to bring about change and are willing to take on risks. Evaluating and communicating the social value generated by social innovation projects is vital, but can be difficult to quantify. Finally, the credibility of these projects plays a crucial role in their recognition and competitiveness, and government support through legislation promoting value‐sharing and sustainable development can help legitimize them.
Investigation of kinetic triplets and thermodynamic parameters of different species of bamboo‐biomass from North‐East India
Authors: Pattanayak Satyajit , Loha Chanchal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBamboo is abundantly available in India, particularly in the North East regions which can provide a significant energy opportunity in this region. The physicochemical and thermal properties of bamboo species originate from different places are distinct. This study investigates the pyrolysis of 20 different bamboo species from North East regions of India in a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) at four different heating rates of 10, 20, 30, and 40 K/min. Enormous kinetic and thermodynamic data are presented for 20 varieties of bamboo species. Model‐free kinetic methods are used to calculate the kinetic parameters and their values are compared. The average activation energy of all bamboo species is estimated in the range 145.59–219.15 kJ/mol from the Starink method, the method recommended by International Confederation of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (ICTAC). Generalized master plot method is used for the determination of reaction mechanism which reveals that most of the bamboo species follow the second‐order reaction model (F2) during their thermal degradation. The thermodynamic parameters reveal that the pyrolysis process of all bamboo species is endothermic and it reaches near to the thermodynamic equilibrium.
Evaluation of the improvement of laryngeal penetration using complete lateral position through videoendoscopic evaluation of swallowing in patients with dysphagia
Authors: Tonosaki Kanata , Yonenaga Kazumichi , Itai Shunsuke , Oyama Shigeto , Mizuno Takashi , Ono Sachiko , Watanabe Rinji , Hoshi Kazuto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimSome patients with severe dysphagia can eat in a complete lateral position. On this basis, we assessed whether the laryngeal penetration that can occur during videoendoscopic examination of swallowing could be reduced when patients were evaluated in this position.MethodsPatients who underwent videoendoscopic examination of swallowing during hospitalization at Towada City Hospital were at high risk of aspiration in the sitting position and were introduced to the complete lateral position method were included in the study. The penetration–aspiration scale score was evaluated and compared for patients in the sitting and complete lateral positions.ResultsA total of 19 patients (14 men and 5 women, mean age 84.9 ± 5.6 y, mean body mass index 17.9 ± 3.7) were included in the study. The penetration–aspiration scale score was as follows: the sitting position: 4 points, n = 1; 5 points, n = 1; 6 points, n = 11; 7 points, n = 3; 8 points, n = 3; the complete lateral position: 1 point, n = 15; 2 points, n = 2; 3 points, n = 1; 6 points, n = 1. The laryngeal penetration score improved significantly from the sitting position to the complete lateral position (p < 0.001) and 15 patients (78.9%) were able to eat at discharge.ConclusionThe complete lateral position improves laryngeal penetration and may allow patients with dysphagia to continue to eat.
An efficient catalytic and solvent‐free method for the synthesis of mono‐organofunctionalized polymethylhydrosiloxane derivatives
Authors: He Daguang , Gui Xuefeng , Dong Yonglu , Lin Shudong , Tu Yuanyuan , Hu Jiwen , Li Shi , Zhao Jihe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSynthetic reactions with distinctive physicochemical properties and the study of functional groups during synthesis provide an effective way to design polymers on an individual basis. The functionalization of polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) has been performed via hydrosilylation of PMHS with selected alkenes with different active functional groups. In the reaction of PMHS with selected CC bond‐containing olefins in solvent‐free systems, the most efficient catalyst system can be selected to obtain the PMHS reagents to introduce the desired functional groups while generating only regional isomeric products. On‐line real‐time monitoring techniques, in situ Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR), were utilized to determine the chemical reaction rates and reaction conversions for each chemical reaction, and to assess the merits of the reaction systems. In addition, the structures of the functionalized polymers were characterized using FT‐IR spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The kinetic parameters of typical chemical reaction processes were calculated using Kissinger's equation and Ozawa's equation. The comparisons between solvent and solvent‐free systems were carried out under the same conditions, and the statistics revealed that the solvent‐free system was more efficient than its solvent‐based counterpart. This research on the introduction of monofunctional groups into PMHS side chains might pave the way for a variety of diverse functional groups, thus allowing for the further application of PMHS and its derivatives.