bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small changes make big progress: A more efficient eDNA monitoring method for freshwater fish
Authors: Yang Jianghua , Zhang Lijuan , Mu Yawen , Zhang Xiaowei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractComprehensive and accurate assessments of fish composition and diversity are essential for understanding fish ecology and resource management. Traditional fish surveys generally involve capturing organisms, which is invasive for the biological community under study and conflicts with the original intention of biodiversity conservation. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has become an integrated method for monitoring fish species without disturbing ecosystems. However, due to the serious nonspecific amplification of primers in eDNA‐based monitoring, many non‐fish sequences, usually human sequences, are also amplified, which results in serious data wastage and an increase in monitoring costs. We designed new universal primers for freshwater fish by analyzing the whole mitochondrial genome of Chinese freshwater fish. The performance of the primers was compared using an in silico polymerase chain reaction, followed by an in vitro metabarcoding analysis using eDNA from the Yangtze River, which is the third largest river in the world and harbors many freshwater fish species. We found that the mitochondrial 12S region is the most suitable metabarcoding gene marker for both Chinese and other freshwater fish. The minor change at the 3′‐end of the primer can greatly reduce the nonspecific amplification and improve the effectiveness of eDNA metabarcoding. Even small changes in primers may have qualitative and quantitative effects on the detected biodiversity, which should be considered in experimental design and data interpretation. These results will help with primer design and selection for eDNA‐based fish surveys, and consequently support the conservation of freshwater biodiversity.
Research progress on structure and catalytic mechanism of dextranase
Authors: Hu Xue‐Qin , Xia Bing‐Bing , Ru Wei‐Juan , Zhang Yu‐Xin , Yang Jing‐Wen , Zhang Hong‐Bin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDextranase is an important industrial enzyme for the preparation of isomalto‐oligosaccharides. According to the crystal structures of 20 dextranases of four classes, we summarized the structural characteristics of enzymes and the binding modes of enzymes and ligands in this paper. Based on the characteristics of the products, we analyzed the characteristics of the binding domain and functions of dextranase by means of molecular simulation and molecular docking. The relationship between the product specificity of dextranase, its catalytic pocket shape, and its catalytic mode was briefly summarized. The catalytic mechanism of dextranase was systematically discussed, which provided the basis and reference for the rational transformation of dextranase.
Integrating Mercury Concentrations in American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) with Hunter Consumption Surveys to Estimate Exposure Risk
Authors: Kojima Laura V. , Tuberville Tracey D. , Parrott Benjamin B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Mercury is a naturally occurring element but is also considered a widespread contaminant due to global anthropogenic activity. Even in moderate amounts, mercury (Hg) is an established neurotoxin and is associated with a range of adverse outcomes both in humans and wildlife. Humans in the United States are most commonly exposed to Hg through contaminated food or drinking water, and the consumption of game species, particularly those occupying higher trophic levels, has the potential to expose hunters to high concentrations of Hg. In the present study, we determined Hg concentrations in tail muscle and blood from American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) inhabiting a region (Savannah River Site, SC, USA) with known Hg contamination. We then integrated these data with alligator harvest records and previously published surveys of alligator meat consumption patterns to estimate potential exposure risk. We found that the average Hg concentrations in tail muscle (1.34 mg/kg, wet wt) from sampled alligators exceeded the recommended threshold for Hg exposure based on the World Health Organization's guidelines (0.5 mg/kg, wet wt). In addition, based on regional consumption patterns reported for both adults and children, we estimated Hg exposures (x¯Adult = 0.419 µg/kg/day, x¯Child = 2.24 µg/kg/day) occurring well above the US Environmental Protection Agency methylmercury reference dose of 0.1 μg/kg/day. Although the two reservoirs sampled in the present study are not currently open to alligator hunting, they are connected to waters that are publicly accessible, and the extent of alligator mobility across these sites is not known. Together, the findings reported in the present study further demonstrate the need for active monitoring of Hg concentrations in game species, which can convey substantial exposure risks to the public. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:525–534. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Environmental Risks of Microplastics on the Spatial and Temporal Gradient in a River Originating from the Western Himalayas
Authors: Hafeez Saba , Qadir Abdul , Aslam Mehmood , Aslam Hafiz Muhammad Umer , Rehmat Muhammad Salman , Ahmad Sajid Rashid 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The presence of microplastics in different environmental matrices has raised many concerns about potential effects of microplastics on humans and freshwater ecosystems. In Pakistan, rivers potentially receive microplastics from anthropogenic activities in their catchments. However, research studies regarding microplastics' presence, distribution, and risks are scarce in Pakistan. To bridge the gap, the present study was conducted to evaluate microplastic pollution in the Chenab River. Surface water samples were collected from selected sites on the Chenab River using a manta trawl in the low-flow season during postmonsoon (October) 2019 and 2020 and in the high-flow season during monsoon (July) 2020 and 2021. Samples were digested, followed by density separation and filtration. Identification and polymer characterization of microplastics were completed using stereomicroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Microplastics were found in all samples with significant spatiotemporal variation in microplastic concentration, with an average of 45.98 ± 10.45 microplastics/m3 in the low-flow season and 34.66 ± 16.15 microplastics/m3 in the high-flow season. Among microplastic shapes, fibers were the most dominant shape, whereas polyethylene terephthalate (38.2%) and polypropylene (19%) were the most abundant polymers. Polymer risk index analysis and pollution load index demonstrated that most of the sites ranked as safe. The potential ecological risks from single polymers and combined polymers showed minor risks posed by microplastics. The present study is the first step to focus on microplastic pollution in the Chenab River; it will help river managers to mitigate the microplastic pollution without compromising the ecological integrity of the river. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:727–739. © 2023 SETAC
Dry and wet boundary treatment and improvement of a TVD‐MacCormack scheme in shallow water flow
Authors: Jiang Xiangang , Chen Pengshuai , Cheng Haiguang , Chen Xiaoqing , Chen Huayong , Zhu Zhanyuan , Zou Zuyin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo solve shallow water equation, this paper proposes a simple and easy‐to‐operate dry‐wet boundary treatment method based on the total variation diminishing (TVD)‐ MacCormack scheme. The method requires to judge dry and wet nodes before the calculation of prediction step and correction step, respectively. Then, the dry nodes are fictitiously celled and the topographic variables are reset. Moreover, previous researches show that when the same differential scheme was used, the left and right traveling waves showed over predicted computational fluxes during the downstream dry bed flow evolution, which led to distorted values and non‐real physical phenomena. To solve the problem, the difference scheme for prediction step and correction step is modified, and a new finite difference scheme improvement method is proposed. Finally, the numerical solutions are compared with the analytical solution results by five classical cases to verify the rationality of the proposed method in this paper.
ALA‐A2 Is a Novel Anticancer Peptide Inspired by Alpha‐Lactalbumin: A Discovery from a Computational Peptide Library, In Silico Anticancer Peptide Screening and In Vitro Experimental Validation
Authors: Lerksuthirat Tassanee , On‐yam Pasinee , Chitphuk Sermsiri , Stitchantrakul Wasana , Newburg David S. , Morrow Ardythe L. , Hongeng Suradej , Chiangjong Wararat , Chutipongtanate Somchai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAnticancer peptides (ACPs) are rising as a new strategy for cancer therapy. However, traditional laboratory screening to find and identify novel ACPs from hundreds to thousands of peptides is costly and time consuming. Here, a sequential procedure is applied to identify candidate ACPs from a computer‐generated peptide library inspired by alpha‐lactalbumin, a milk protein with known anticancer properties. A total of 2688 distinct peptides, 5–25 amino acids in length, are generated from alpha‐lactalbumin. In silico ACP screening using the physicochemical and structural filters and three machine learning models lead to the top candidate peptides ALA‐A1 and ALA‐A2. In vitro screening against five human cancer cell lines supports ALA‐A2 as the positive hit. ALA‐A2 selectively kills A549 lung cancer cells in a dose‐dependent manner, with no hemolytic side effects, and acts as a cell penetrating peptide without membranolytic effects. Sequential window acquisition of all theorical fragment ions‐proteomics and functional validation reveal that ALA‐A2 induces autophagy to mediate lung cancer cell death. This approach to identify ALA‐A2 is time and cost‐effective. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the exact intracellular targets of ALA‐A2. Moreover, these findings support the use of larger computational peptide libraries built upon multiple proteins to further advance ACP research and development.
A qualitative study of multiple voices to inform aftercare services for older persons following self‐harm
Authors: Wand Anne P. , Karageorge Aspasia , Browne Roisin , Jessop Tiffany , Peisah Carmelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesSelf‐harm and suicide are closely related in older adults, highlighting the opportunity for Aftercare interventions in targeted suicide prevention. The study aims were to explore strengths and shortfalls of current Aftercare services for older adults from the perspective of key stakeholders and researchers; and inform a set of guiding principles for older persons' Aftercare.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were undertaken with a convenience sample of older people with lived experience of self‐harm, clinicians and suicide researchers (n = 22). Interviews were focussed on current practice (strengths and limitations), potential improvements, and identifying the core components of an acceptable Aftercare model. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed and subjected to a reflexive thematic analysis grounded in interpretive description.ResultsCurrent practice strengths included validation, a person‐centred approach and optimising aftercare delivery. Limitations included ageism, practical limitations (lack of service awareness, fragmented service provision, barriers to access, and traumatising approaches), and limited services, funding and training. Overarching themes included anti‐ageism; anti‐stigma; empowerment and agency; conveying hope; patience and pace; accessible; and finding purpose: connections and meaningful activity.ConclusionsOlder people who have self‐harmed have complex, individualised needs. They sit within intersecting systems traversing healthcare, support services, family, and the social environment. Systemic, coordinated Aftercare founded upon core principles of anti‐ageism, anti‐stigma, partnership, empowerment, accessibility and provision of connections and meaning are needed.
Evaluating test–retest reliability and sex‐/age‐related effects on temporal clustering coefficient of dynamic functional brain networks
Authors: Long Yicheng , Ouyang Xuan , Yan Chaogan , Wu Zhipeng , Huang Xiaojun , Pu Weidan , Cao Hengyi , Liu Zhening , Palaniyappan Lena 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe multilayer dynamic network model has been proposed as an effective method to understand the brain function. In particular, derived from the definition of clustering coefficient in static networks, the temporal clustering coefficient provides a direct measure of the topological stability of dynamic brain networks and shows potential in predicting altered brain functions. However, test–retest reliability and demographic‐related effects on this measure remain to be evaluated. Using a data set from the Human Connectome Project (157 male and 180 female healthy adults; 22–37 years old), the present study investigated: (1) the test–retest reliability of temporal clustering coefficient across four repeated resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans as measured by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC); and (2) sex‐ and age‐related effects on temporal clustering coefficient. The results showed that (1) the temporal clustering coefficient had overall moderate test–retest reliability (ICC > 0.40 over a wide range of densities) at both global and subnetwork levels, (2) female subjects showed significantly higher temporal clustering coefficient than males at both global and subnetwork levels, particularly within the default‐mode and subcortical regions, and (3) temporal clustering coefficient of the subcortical subnetwork was positively correlated with age in young adults. The results of sex effects were robustly replicated in an independent REST‐meta‐MDD data set, while the results of age effects were not. Our findings suggest that the temporal clustering coefficient is a relatively reliable and reproducible approach for identifying individual differences in brain function, and provide evidence for demographically related effects on the human brain dynamic connectomes.
Aspects of Arrhenius kinetics and Hall currents on gyratory Couette flow of magnetized ethylene glycol containing bi‐hybridized nanomaterials
Authors: Das Sanatan , Mahato Naspa , Ali Asgar , Jana Rabindra Nath 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncomparable thermal features of hybrid nanofluids (NFs) have been well recognized. Hybrid nanomaterials are prolifically used in chemistry processes, enzyme nanotechnology, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and so on. Motivated by numerous novel applications, in the present article, a theoretical study is conducted to demonstrate a time‐dependent hydro‐magnetic Couette flow and heat transport features inside a gyrating channel filled with a reactive second‐grade hybrid NF (copper–alumina–ethylene glycol) and Darcian porous medium under multiparty impacts of Hall currents, temperature‐dependent thermal conductivity, and Arrhenius chemical reaction. The modeled momentum equations are rendered nondimensional and solved analytically by means of the sophisticated Laplace transform technique. ND Solver in Mathematica is deployed to estimate the numerical solution of the energy equation. The computational outcomes are plotted and interpreted via physical constraints using line graphs and tables. The graphical outcomes assert that Hall currents significantly modify the gyratory flow dynamics and thermal features. The thermal profile and heat transfer rate manifest a diminishing pattern over widening Hall and rotation parameters. The change in thermal conductivity has a substantial impact on heat transmission. The novelty of the research study is a new insight into the hydro‐thermal manners of magnetized rotational non‐Newtonian hybrid NF.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and long‐term cardiovascular health: FIGO Best Practice Advice
Authors: Poon Liona C. , Nguyen‐Hoang Long , Smith Graeme N. , Bergman Lina , O'Brien Patrick , Hod Moshe , Okong Pius , Kapur Anil , Maxwell Cynthia V. , McIntyre Harold David , Jacobsson Bo , Algurjia Esraa , Hanson Mark A. , Rosser Mary L. , Ma Ronald C. , O'Reilly Sharleen L. , Regan Lesley , Adam Sumaiya , Medina Virna P. , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. ,   the FIGO Committee on Impact of Pregnancy on Long‐term Health and the FIGO Division of Maternal and Newborn Health
Published: January 2023

AbstractHypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are the most common causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. They are responsible for 16% of maternal deaths in high‐income countries and approximately 25% in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The impact of HDP can be lifelong as they are a recognized risk factor for future cardiovascular disease. During pregnancy, the cardiovascular system undergoes significant adaptive changes that ensure adequate uteroplacental blood flow and exchange of oxygen and nutrients to nurture and accommodate the developing fetus. Failure to achieve normal cardiovascular adaptation is associated with the development of HDP. Hemodynamic alterations in women with a history of HDP can persist for years and predispose to long‐term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, pregnancy and the postpartum period are an opportunity to identify women with underlying, often unrecognized, cardiovascular risk factors. It is important to develop strategies with lifestyle and therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular disease in those who have a history of HDP.
Management of obesity across women's life course: FIGO Best Practice Advice
Authors: Maxwell Cynthia V. , Shirley Rachelle , O'Higgins Amy C. , Rosser Mary L. , O'Brien Patrick , Hod Moshe , O'Reilly Sharleen L. , Medina Virna P. , Smith Graeme N. , Hanson Mark A. , Adam Sumaiya , Ma Ronald C. , Kapur Anil , McIntyre Harold David , Jacobsson Bo , Poon Liona C. , Bergman Lina , Regan Lesley , Algurjia Esraa , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. ,   the FIGO Committee on Impact of Pregnancy on Long‐term Health and the FIGO Division of Maternal and Newborn Health
Published: January 2023

AbstractObesity is a chronic, progressive, relapsing, and treatable multifactorial, neurobehavioral disease. According to the World Health Organization, obesity affects 15% of women and has long‐term effects on women's health. The focus of care in patients with obesity should be on optimizing health outcomes rather than on weight loss. Appropriate and common language, considering cultural sensitivity and trauma‐informed care, is needed to discuss obesity. Pregnancy is a time of significant physiological change. Pre‐, ante‐, and postpartum clinical encounters provide opportunities for health optimization for parents with obesity in terms of, but not limited to, fertility and breastfeeding. Pre‐existing conditions may also be identified and managed. Beyond pregnancy, women with obesity are at an increased risk for gastrointestinal and liver diseases, impaired kidney function, obstructive sleep apnea, and venous thromboembolism. Gynecological and reproductive health of women living with obesity cannot be dismissed, with accommodations needed for preventive health screenings and consideration of increased risk for gynecologic malignancies. Mental wellness, specifically depression, should be screened and managed appropriately. Obesity is a complex condition and is increasing in prevalence with failure of public health interventions to achieve significant decrease. Future research efforts should focus on interprofessional care and discovering effective interventions for health optimization.
Erk1/2 signaling mediates the HGF‐induced protection against ethanol and acetaldehyde‐induced toxicity in the pancreatic RINm5F cell line
Authors: Palestino‐Domínguez Mayrel , Escobedo‐Calvario Alejandro , Salas‐Silva Soraya , Vergara‐Mendoza Moises , Souza‐Arroyo Veronica , Lazzarini Roberto , Miranda‐Labra Roxana , Bucio‐Ortiz Leticia , Gutiérrez‐Ruiz María Concepción , Gomez‐Quiroz Luis E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlcohol‐induced pancreas damage remains as one of the main risk factors for pancreatitis development. This disorder is poorly understood, particularly the effect of acetaldehyde, the primary alcohol metabolite, in the endocrine pancreas. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a protective protein in many tissues, displaying antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and proliferative responses. In the present work, we were focused on characterizing the response induced by HGF and its protective mechanism in the RINm5F pancreatic cell line treated with ethanol and acetaldehyde. RINm5F cells were treated with ethanol or acetaldehyde for 12 h in the presence or not of HGF (50 ng/ml). Cells under HGF treatment decreased the content of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation induced by both toxics, improving cell viability. This effect was correlated to an improvement in insulin expression impaired by ethanol and acetaldehyde. Using a specific inhibitor of Erk1/2 abrogated the effects elicited by the growth factor. In conclusion, the work provides mechanistic evidence of the HGF‐induced‐protective response to the alcohol‐induced damage in the main cellular component of the endocrine pancreas.
The potential mechanism underlying the hepatorenal toxicity induced by hymexazol in rats and the role of NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Hassan Neven H. , Mehanna Sally , Hussien Ahmed M. , Ibrahim Marwa A. , Hassanen Eman I. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHymexazol (HML) is widely used in agriculture as a systemic fungicide and plant growth promoter. Humans are continuously exposed to HML via various routes. The liver and kidneys are essential organs for the detoxification, metabolism, and excretion of HML. However, data concerning the impact of HML on nontarget organisms are scarce. The present study aimed to determine the mechanism of dose‐dependent hepatorenal toxicity of HML in rats. Twenty‐one rats were divided into three equal groups that received the following treatments via oral intake daily for 14 days: group 1, normal saline; group 2, low dose of HML (1/80 LD50); group 3, high dose of HML (1/40 LD50). We weighed the rats at the beginning and the end of the experiment to record the weight gain in each group. The results showed that HML induced dose‐dependent hepatorenal toxicity manifested by a significant increase in malondialdehyde levels, a decrease in total antioxidant capacity and reduced glutathione contents, and upregulation of the transcriptase levels of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) genes. The HML‐exposed groups displayed various histopathological changes in both organs, with significant elevation of all serum liver and kidney biomarkers. In conclusion, HML produced hepatorenal toxicity in rats through oxidative stress that mediates the NF‐κB signaling pathway in response to pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as TNF‐α and IL‐1β. We advise limiting the use of HML in agricultural and veterinary practices and finding an alternative agent to avoid the human and animal health risks induced by HML exposure.