bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profound impact of ECOG performance status on clinical trial eligibility and access: Diverging effects by cancer type.
Authors: Lapidot Yelena , Safran Michal , Bader Tzvia , Gaziel Avital 
Published: August 2023

97 Background: The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status is a widely used measure of a patient's (pt) physical function and is often used as a criterion for clinical trial eligibility. Strict use of this criterion may exclude pts with comorbidities or poorer performance status, limiting the generalizability of trial results to the broader cancer pt population. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ECOG performance status on eligibility for solid and non-solid cancer clinical trials (CTs) among pts using the Leal web-based platform. Methods: Leal (formerly, Trialjectory) is an AI-based platform that matches cancer pts to CTs based on a self-reported questionnaire that generates an individual clinical profile. The profile includes parameters essential for CT matching such as disease status, stage, biomarkers, treatment history, comorbidities and demographics. Data from pts with solid and non-solid cancers were analyzed. The number of matched trials per pt was determined based on the pt’s profile, location and travel preference. To assess the impact of ECOG score, the data set was edited to reflect a better performance status per pt. We used Yuen’s robust paired samples analysis to assess the association between improving the ECOG score and the number of matched CTs. Moreover, we have collected the cumulative ECOG distribution as an eligibility criteria in CTs in various cancer types. Results: In a data set of 5,018 cancer pts, high ECOG score (3 or 2) was significantly associated with fewer matched clinical trials per pt (p<0.001). This relationship was independent of ethnicity and gender. The relationship varied by cancer type, with a 3-fold greater effect size in solid tumors compared to non-solid tumors. When ECOG score per pt was edited from 3 to 2 or from 2 to 1, the number of matched CTs significantly increased by 246% and 189%, respectively, for all cancer types (p<0.001). Notably, the prevalence of CTs that allow worse ECOG scores (2 or higher) was significantly higher in non-solid CTs compared to solid tumors (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our results show that strict ECOG scores are significantly associated with fewer matched CTs per pt. This relationship varies by cancer type, with a greater impact on solid tumors. These findings suggest that cancer type may influence the relationship between ECOG scores and access to CTs. Pts with solid tumors may face more barriers to trial enrollment due to strict ECOG requirements. Our results highlight the need for a more nuanced approach to using ECOG performance status as an eligibility criterion in CTs, taking into account the specific cancer type and its associated physical demands. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of ECOG performance status on trial enrollment and to determine the optimal balance between pt safety and representation in clinical research.
Quekett Microscopical Club
Authors: Hart Ernest 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
A paper was read by Mr. Cooke, “On the Progress of Microscopical Science in 1866,” in which his remarks were classed under three heads :—1. The establishment of new Societies, and increased vigour in old ones. 2. The mechanical improvements in microscopes, microscopical apparatus, and manipulation. 3. The contributions to microscopical literature. Under each of these heads numerous details were given.
Hypothesis on the pathophysiology of syringomyelia based on analysis of phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging of Chiari-I malformation patients
Authors: Chang Han Soo 
Published: August 2023

Background: Despite several hypotheses, our understanding of syringomyelia’s pathophysiology remains limited. The hypothesis proposed by Oldfield et al. suggests that piston-like movement of the cerebellar tonsils propels the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the syrinx via the spinal perivascular space. However, a significant question remains unanswered: how does the CSF enter and stay in the syrinx, which has a higher pressure than the subarachnoid space. In the current study, we attempted to verify Oldfield’s hypothesis using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from patients with syringomyelia. Methods: We analyzed phase-contrast MRI scans of 18 patients with Chiari-I malformation associated with syringomyelia, all of whom underwent foramen magnum decompression, and 21 healthy volunteers. We obtained velocity waveforms for CSF and brain tissue from regions of interest (ROI) set at the various locations. These waveforms were synchronized at the peak timing of downward CSF flow. We compared the preoperative patient data with the control data and also compared the preoperative patient data with the postoperative patient data. Results: The syrinx shrank in 17 (94%) of the patients, and they experienced significant clinical improvement. When comparing pre- and postoperative MRI results, the only significant difference noted was the preoperative elevated velocity of the cerebellar tonsil, which disappeared post-surgery. The CSF velocities in the subarachnoid space were higher in the preoperative patients than in the controls, but they did not significantly differ in the postoperative MRI. The tonsillar velocity in the preoperative MRI was significantly lower than that of the CSF, suggesting that the elevated tonsillar velocity was more of an effect, rather than the cause, of the elevated CSF velocity. Conclusions: Given these findings, a completely new paradigm seems necessary. We, therefore, propose a novel hypothesis: the generative force of syringomyelia may be the direction-selective resistance to CSF flow in the subarachnoid space.
Oriented Calmness and Sweeping Process Dynamics
Authors: Daniilidis Aris , Tapia Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

Daniilidis and Drusviatskiy, in 2017, extended the celebrated Kurdyka–Łojasiewicz inequality from definable functions to definable multivalued maps by establishing that the coderivative mapping admits a desingularization around every critical value. As was the case in the gradient dynamics, this desingularization yields a uniform control of the lengths of all bounded orbits of the corresponding sweeping process. In this paper, working outside the framework of o-minimal geometry, we characterize the existence of a desingularization for the coderivative in terms of the behavior of the sweeping process orbits and the integrability of the talweg function. These results are close in spirit with the ones in Bolte et al., 2010, in which characterizations for the desingularization of the (sub)gradient of functions is obtained. Funding: A. Daniilidis was supported by the Austrian Science Fund [Grant FWF P-36344N], Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico [Grant 1211217], and Centro de Modelamiento Matemático [Grant FB210005]. S. Tapia was supported by Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile)-Programa de Fortalecimiento de Capital Humano Académico Doctorado Nacional [Grant 2018-21181905].
Server Routing-Scheduling Problem in Distributed Queueing System with Time-Varying Demand and Queue Length Control
Authors: Wu Zerui , Liu Ran , Pan Ershun 
Published: August 2023

We study a server routing-scheduling problem in a distributed queueing system, where the system consists of multiple queues at different locations. In a distributed queueing system, servers are shared among multiple queues, and they travel between queues in response to stochastic and time-varying demands. Although server traveling can improve service levels and shorten queue lengths, server routing and scheduling is complicated. We propose a dynamic programming model to solve this special routing-scheduling problem with time-varying demand, stochastic travel time, and queue-length constraints. In order to tackle large-scale practical instances, we design a dynamic programming-based rollout heuristic algorithm. Experiments on large-scale airports and scenic spots show that our approach reduces the total working periods of servers/employees without violating queue-length constraints. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms existing benchmark methods and the practical schedules of a scenic spot. Funding: Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71972133] is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0099 .
Pregnant women with mild COVID-19 followed in community setting by telemedicine, and factors associated with unfavorable outcome
Authors: Dinh Aurélien , Drouet Florian , Dechartres Agnes , Yordanov Youri , Duran Clara , Schmidt Nicolas , Banzet Amélie , Perrier Marie-Hermine , Mosquet Nathalie , Lescure François-Xavier , Jourdain Patrick , Nizard Jacky , Masingue Xavier ,   on behalf of the AP-HP/Universities/Inserm COVID-19 research collaboration
Published: August 2023

Objectives
Few is known on pregnant women with mild COVID-19 managed in a community setting with a telemedicine solution, including their outcomes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the adverse fetal outcomes and hospitalization rates of pregnant COVID-19 outpatients who were monitored with the Covidom© telemedicine solution.

Methods
A nested study was conducted on pregnant outpatients with confirmed COVID-19, who were managed with Covidom© between March and November 2020. The patients were required to complete a standard medical questionnaire on co-morbidities and symptoms at inclusion, and were then monitored daily for 30 days after symptom onset. Adverse fetal outcome was defined as a composite of preterm birth, low birthweight, or stillbirth, and was collected retrospectively through phone contact with a standardized questionnaire.

Results
The study included 714 pregnant women, with a median age of 32.0 [29.0–35.0] and a median BMI of 23.8 [21.3–27.0]. The main comorbidities observed were smoking (53%), hypertension (19%). The most common symptoms were asthenia (45.6%), cough (40.3%) and headache (25.7%), as well as anosmia (28.4%) and agueusia (32.3%). Adverse fetal outcomes occurred in 64 (9%) cases, including 38 (5%) preterm births, 33 (5%) low birthweights, and 6 (1%) stillbirths. Hospitalization occurred in 102 (14%) cases and was associated with adverse fetal outcomes (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3–4.4).

Conclusions
Our study suggests that adverse fetal outcomes are rare in pregnant women with mild COVID-19 who are monitored at home with telemedicine. However, hospitalization for COVID-19 and pregnancy-induced hypertension are associated with a higher risk of adverse fetal outcome.
An integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention among Hong Kong Chinese young people: Study protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ho Ka Yan , Lam Katherine Ka Wai , Wu Cynthia , Leung Doris Y. P. , Belay Getaneh Mulualem , Liu Qi , Mak Yim Wah 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionYoung smokers always partake in both smoking and drinking. However, drinking undermines their likelihood to attempt quitting smoking or to successfully abstain from smoking. Hence, this trial will examine the feasibility of implementing an integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention in young Hong Kong Chinese people. Effect sizes of the integrated intervention (II) on self-reported and biochemically validated quit rates will also be calculated.MethodsThe study will be a three-arm randomized controlled trial in a convenience sample of 150 smokers aged 18–25 years with alcohol drinking. Participants will be randomized into a standard treatment (ST), II, or control arm. The ST group will receive a brief smoking cessation intervention based on the 5A (Ask, Assess, Advice, Assist, Arrange) and 5R (Relevance, Risks, Rewards, Roadblocks, Repetition) models. The II group will receive brief advice on alcohol use based on the FRAMES (Feedback, Responsibility, Advice, Menu, Empathy, Efficacy) model in addition to the brief smoking cessation intervention. Both the ST and II groups will receive booster interventions at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up. The control group will receive leaflets on smoking cessation and alcohol reduction. Self-reported quitters at 6-month follow-up will be invited for biochemical validation. The primary outcomes are feasibility measures. The secondary outcomes are effect size of II on self-reported and biochemically validated quit rates at 6 months relative to control and ST. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups.AnalysisDescriptive statistics will be used to calculate the feasibility measures. The three arms will be compared using analysis of variance for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Effect sizes of II for self-reported and biochemically validated quit rates at 6 months will be determined using the generalized estimating equation model.
As bases normativas da educação: o lugar da educação na crítica comunitarista do liberalismo
Authors: Rohling Marcos 
Published: August 2023

Resumo: Pretende-se, neste trabalho, discutir o lugar que a educação ocupa no debate entre liberais e comunitaristas. Com este objetivo, o texto é dividido em três partes, a saber: na primeira parte, apontam-se as dificuldades para que se demarquem os partidários das correntes liberal e comunitarista, de um lado, destacando o liberalismo igualitário e o libertarianismo e, de outro, discutindo as principais críticas que o comunitarismo faz ao liberalismo. Na segunda parte, explora-se o lugar da educação na crítica comunitarista, definindo a concepção de educação e de escola, assim como a ideia de educação para a cidadania e a nececssidade de um currículo comum. Finalmente, na última parta, aponta-se para a agenda comunitarista na educação.
Palavras-chave: Liberalismo; Comunitarismo; Educação; Cidadania; Currículo Comum.
The normative bases of education: the place of education in the communitarian critique of liberalism
Abstract: It is intended in this work, discuss the place that education occupies in the debate between liberals and communitarians. For this purpose, the text is divided into three parts, namely: in the first part, point out the difficulties in demarcating supporters of the liberal and communitarian currents, on the one hand, highlighting egalitarian liberalism and libertarianism and, on the other, discussing the main criticisms that communitarianism makes against liberalism. In the second part, it explores the place of education in communitarian criticismo, defining the concept of education and school, as well as the idea of education for citizenship and the need for a common curriculum. Finally, in the last section, we point to the communitarian agenda in education.
Keywords: Liberalism; Communitarianism; Education; Citzenship; Commom Curriculum.
Las bases normativas de la educación: el lugar de la educación en la crítica comunitaria del liberalismo
Resumen:En este trabajo, se pretende discutir el lugar que ocupa la educación en el debate entre liberales y comunitaristas. Con este objetivo, el texto se divide en tres partes, a saber: en la primera parte, se señalan las dificultades para demarcar a los partidarios de las corrientes liberales y comunitarias, por un lado, destacando el liberalismo igualitario y el libertarismo y, por otro, discutiendo las principales críticas que hace el comunitarismo contra el liberalismo. En la segunda parte, se explora el lugar de la educación en la crítica comunitaria, definiendo el concepto de educación y escuela, así como la idea de educación para la ciudadanía y la necesidad de un currículum común. Finalmente, en la última sección, se señala la agenda comunitaria en educación.
Palabras clave: Liberalismo; Comunitarismo; Educación; Ciudadanía; Currículum Común.

Data de registro: 15/04/2022
Data de aceite: 13/12/2022
QUARTER LIFE CRISIS (QLC): KAJIAN PSIKOLINGUISTIK PADA ALBUM LAGU HINDIA MENARI DENGAN BAYANGAN
Authors: Hasanah Dina Fitria , Mulyati Yeti , Hadianto Daris 
Published: August 2023

The issue of mental health has been in the spotlight in this decade, and various media have voiced and given their perspectives, including a singer, Hindia, in the song lyrics of their album Menari dengan Bayangan. The songs specifically portray mental health problems that impact persons in their 20s who are experiencing a quarter-life crisis. In order to examine the truth of this hypothesis, a content analysis research method was chosen which was studied using psycholinguistic theory. Dissected 12 songs and 3 skits from people closest to Hindia which are included in the album entitled Menari dengan Bayangan. The results of the study show,1) the album contains the four stages of quarter life crisis, 2) the lyrics of the songs on the album Menari dengan Bayangan define a quarter-life crisis from the lowest to the last stage that can exceed the crisis in early adulthood, and 3) listeners to songs in the album Menari dengan Bayangan responded positively to every lyric contained in it and helped them to get out of the mental crisis they were facing.
The history of the Cosmos: Implications for the Hubble tension
Authors: Storti Riccardo C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In 2007, Storti predicted that the value of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) temperature may be improved: from the particle data group (PDG) value of [T
0 = 2.725 ± 0.001 K] to [T
0 = 2.7254 K]. In 2011, the PDG revised their value of CMBR to [T
0 = 2.7255 ± 0.006 K]. In 2008, Storti predicted a ΛCDM Hubble constant of [H
0 = 67.0843 km/s/Mpc]. In the same year, the PDG published their value as being [H
0 = 73 ± 3 km/s/Mpc]. In 2013, the PDG published a revised value of [H
0] as being considerably lower [H
0 = 67.3 ± 1.2 km/s/Mpc]. These predictions and experimental confirmations, in particular the value of [H
0] being successfully predicted 5 years in advance of the Planck collaboration and without Planck satellite instrumentation, demonstrate the power of the technique applied. We utilize the same technique to calculate the present values of ΛCDM [H
0], [ΩΛ], [ΩM], [q], and [Λ]. Subsequently, we describe the complete history of the cosmos from the instant of the Big Bang to the present epoch, in complete agreement with the standard model of cosmology. Moreover, we explicitly demonstrate that the Hubble tension does not exist, in a companion publication to this research article. This is achieved by utilizing a single equation to calculate both values of Hubble constant associated with the Hubble tension.
A sensitive LC-MS/MS methotrexate assay capable of assessing adherence to methotrexate therapy in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: McTaggart Malcolm P. , Bluett James , Keevil Brian G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To develop a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method capable of measuring serum methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis to assess adherence to drug treatment.

Methods
Isotopically labelled internal standard and deionised water were added to sample prior to solid phase extraction using a Waters Oasis Max ion-exchange 96-well plate. Following extraction, samples were analysed by LC-MS/MS on a TQS-micro mass spectrometer.

Results
Mean recovery was 107 % for four different concentrations of methotrexate spiked into seven patient samples, whilst post extraction spiking gave a mean recovery of 100 %. Between-batch and within-batch CVs were ≤6 % at three different concentrations of methotrexate in fresh frozen plasma. Mean bias was <5 % for between-batch and within batch analysis at three different weighed in concentrations of methotrexate certified reference material. The lower limit of quantification of the assay was 0.1 nmol/L with linearity up to approximately 100 nmol/L. Dilution linearity studies were used to validate the dilution of patient samples prior to analysis. There was no significant interference in the method from lipaemia, haemolysis or icterus.

Conclusions
A sensitive LC-MS/MS assay for methotrexate has been developed and validated. The method has been used to measure methotrexate adherence in patient samples from clinical trials and could be used in future research to assess the ability of the assay as a biofeedback intervention to improve adherence to methotrexate therapy.
A Russian Story in the USA: On the Identity of Post-Socialist Immigration
Authors: Anastasova Ekaterina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article presents the problem of identity construction among Eastern European immigrants to the USA after so-called “democratic changes.” It is based on the intercultural rather than multicultural approach which considers both the immigrants’ interactions with the host society and their individual choices in constructing identity and selecting a lifestyle. The article is a case study analyzing a “success story” of a person of Bulgarian–Russian origin who immigrated to the USA in the 1990s and built up his identity on the basis of a Russian national narrative. This narrative is rooted in Russian history, classic literature, and art, i.e., in high Russian culture. It serves as a framework for shaping the immigrant’s lifestyle as a whole and permeates the material culture of his home, reflecting the migrant’s perception of what is genuine Russianness. Family relations as well as friendships and relations with people frequenting his house are also aligned with ideas expressing the dominant motifs of the national narrative as it exists in the immigrant’s mind and imagination. Material for the chapter is drawn from fieldwork conducted by the author in 2015–2017 in New York and Long Island.
Skew-braces and 𝑞-braces
Authors: Rump Wolfgang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Skew-braces are ring-like objects arising in connection with Hopf–Galois theory and set-theoretic solutions 𝑆 to the Yang–Baxter equation.
Interactions between skew-braces are often related to 𝑞-braces.
For example, every 𝑞-brace 𝐴 is given by a pair of skew-braces which induces a ℤ-indexed sequence of skew-braces.
The sequence collapses if 𝐴 itself is a skew-brace.
The free group over the underlying set of a solution 𝑆 is a 𝑞-brace.
Bi-crossed products of skew-braces are shown to be 𝑞-braces, and criteria are developed when they are skew-braces.
Two classes of skew-braces are put into a bijective correspondence with special 𝑞-braces, which themselves need not be skew-braces.
Characterizations of 𝑞-braces, including one in terms of a graph and one as special modules over skew-braces, are given.