bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Related Factors of the Treatment Zone After Wearing Paragon CRT and Euclid Orthokeratology Lenses
Authors: Kou Sasa , Ren Yaru , Zhuang Xinyu , Chen Yingjie , Zhang Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
To explore the influence factors of the treatment zone diameter (TZD) and its relationship with axial length growth (ALG) after wearing Paragon CRT and Euclid orthokeratology lenses.

Methods:
The right eye data of myopic patients wearing Paragon CRT and Euclid orthokeratology in the ophthalmology department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively reviewed from April 2019 to October 2022. The TZD and ALG were compared between the Paragon CRT and Euclid groups. The correlation factors of TZD after wearing lens for 1 month and the relationship between the overlapping treatment zone-to-pupil area ratio and the ALG after wearing lens for 1 year were analyzed between the two groups.

Results:
There were 160 patients (160 eyes) in the Paragon CRT group and 155 patients (155 eyes) in the Euclid group. After wearing lens for 1 month, the TZD in the Paragon CRT group (3.72±0.37 mm) was larger than that in the Euclid group (3.26±0.37 mm) (P<0.001). The stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the eccentricity at the flattest meridians (Em) and the central corneal thickness were correlated with the TZD in both groups (P<0.05). After wearing lens for 1 year, the ALG in the Paragon CRT group (0.32±0.20 mm) was larger than that in the Euclid group (0.25±0.20 mm) (P=0.001). The stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the initial wearing age and the overlapping treatment zone area-to-pupil area ratio were correlated with the ALG in both groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
For both the Paragon CRT and Euclid orthokeratology, the wearers with thicker central corneal thickness and smaller Em usually had a smaller TZD. In both groups, the overlapping treatment zone area-to-pupil area ratio was correlated with the ALG.
Age dependent benefit of neoadjuvant treatment in adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction – a multicenter retrospective observational study of young versus old patients
Authors: Rompen Ingmar F. , Crnovrsanin Nerma , Nienhüser Henrik , Neuschütz Kerstin , Fourie Lana , Sisic Leila , Müller-Stich Beat P. , Billeter Adrian T. 
Published: September 2023

Objectives:
To provide evidence for age-dependent use of neoadjuvant treatment by clinical comparisons of young (lower quartile, <56.6 y) versus old (upper quartile, >71.3 y) esophageal and esophagogastric-junction adenocarcinoma (EAC) patients.

Background:
Neoadjuvant treatment is the standard of care for locally advanced and node-positive EAC. However, the effect of age on oncological outcomes is disputable as they are underrepresented in treatment defining randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
Patients with EAC undergoing esophagectomy between 2001 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed from three centers. Patients having distant metastases or clinical UICC-Stage I were excluded. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify the variables associated with survival benefit.

Results:
Neoadjuvant treatment was administered to 185/248 (74.2%) young and 151 out of 248 (60.9%) elderly patients (P=0.001). Young age was associated with a significant overall survival (OS) benefit (median-OS: 85.6 vs. 29.9 mo, HR0.62, 95%CI:0.42-0.92) after neoadjuvant treatment versus surgery alone. In contrast, elderly patients did only experience a survival benefit equaling the length of neoadjuvant treatment itself (median-OS: neoadjuvant 32.8 vs. surgery alone 29.3 mo, HR0.89, 95%CI:0.63-1.27). Despite the clear difference in median OS benefit, histopathological regression (Mandard-TRG 1/2) was similar (young 30.7% vs. old 36.4%, P=0.286). More elderly patients had dose reduction or termination of neoadjuvant treatment (12.4% vs. 40.4%, P<0.001).

Conclusion:
Old patients benefit less from neoadjuvant treatment compared to younger patients in terms of gain in overall survival. Since they also experience more side effects requiring dose reduction, upfront surgery should be considered as the primary treatment option in elderly patients.
Comparative efficacy on outcomes of C-CABG, OPCAB and ONBEAT in coronary heart disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhu Lin , Li Dongjie , Zhang Xu , Wan Sitong , Liu Yuyong , Zhang HongJia , Luo Junjie , Luo Yongting , An Peng , Jiang Wenjian 
Published: September 2023

Importance:
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains the gold standard for the treatment of multivessel and left main coronary heart disease. However, the current evidence about the optimal surgical revascularization strategy is inconsistent and is not sufficient to allow for definite conclusions. Thus, this topic needs to be extensively discussed.

Objective:
The aim of this present study was to compare the clinical outcomes of off-pump CABG (OPCAB), conventional on-pump CABG (C-CABG) and on-pump beating heart (ONBEAT) CABG via an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Data Sources:
PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Registry were searched for relevant RCTs that were published in English before December 1, 2021.

Study Selection
Published trials that included patients who received OPCAB, C-CABG and ONBEAT CABG were selected.

Data Extraction and Synthesis:
Two authors independently screened the search results, assessed the full texts to identify eligible studies and the risk of bias of the included studies, and extracted data. All processes followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data.

Main Outcomes and Measures:
The primary outcome was postoperative mortality in patients who underwent C-CABG, OPCAB or ONBEAT CABG. The secondary outcomes were postoperative myocardial infarction, stroke, and renal impairment in the three groups. The time point for analysis of outcomes was all time periods during the postoperative follow-up.

Results:
A total of 39385 patients (83,496.2 person-years) in 65 studies who fulfilled the prespecified criteria were included. In the network meta-analysis, OPCAB was associated with an increase of 12% in the risk of all-cause mortality when compared with C-CABG (OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.21), a reduction of 49% in the risk of myocardial infarction when compared with ONBEAT (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.99), a reduction of 16% in the risk of stroke when compared with C-CABG (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72 to 0.99) and a similar risk of renal impairment when compared with C-CABG and ONBEAT.

Conclusions and Relevance:
OPCAB was associated with higher all-cause mortality but lower postoperative stroke compared with C-CABG. OPCAB was associated with lower postoperative myocardial infarction than that of ONBEAT. Early mortality was comparable among OPCAB, ONBEAT and C-CABG.
Comparation of drug-eluting stents and control therapy for the treatment of infrapopliteal artery disease: a bayesian analysis
Authors: Li Yang , Shen XuWei , Zhuang Hui 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Critical limb-threatening ischemia is a life-threatening disease which often combines with infrapopliteal arterial disease. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is recommended as the first line treatment for infrapopliteal arterial disease. Drug eluting stent (DES) is another widely used option; however, its long-term therapeutic effect is controversial. The effectiveness of different DES for infrapopliteal arterial disease needs further exploration.

Methods and results:
The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Clinical trials were systematically searched from inception to 1 Feb 2023. Literatures were included if the study was original, peer-reviewed, published in English or Chinese, and contained patients diagnosed with simple infrapopliteal arterial disease or with properly treated combined inflow tract lesions before or during the study procedure. A total of 953 patients, 504 in the DES group and 449 in the PTA/BMS group, from twelve randomised controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that DES is superior to control group for improving clinical patency, reducing the restenosis rate, and reducing the amputation rate at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years post-treatment (at 3 years, risk ratio [RR]: 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23–2.93; RR: 0.87, 95% CI 0.79–0.96; RR: 0.60, 95% CI 0.36–1.00, P=0.049). In addition, subgroup analyses suggested that DES is superior to BMS and PTA in improving clinical patency and reducing target lesion revascularisation and restenosis rates at 6 months and 1-year post-treatment. The network meta-analysis indicated that sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) was superior for improving clinical patency (at 1 year, RR: 0.23, 95% CI 0.08–0.60) and reducing the restenosis rate (at 6 months, RR: 31.58, 95% CI 4.41–307.53, at 1 year, RR: 3.80, 95% CI 1.84–8.87) significantly. However, according to the cumulative rank probabilities test, everolimus-eluting stent (EES) may have the lowest target lesion revascularisation rates and amputation rates at 1-year post-treatment (the cumulative rank probability was 77% and 49%, respectively).

Conclusions:
This systematic review and network meta-analysis showed that DES was associated with more clinical efficacy than PTA/BMS significantly. In addition, SES and EES may have better clinical benefits.
The Effect of Impact Seizure on the Recovery of Children and Adolescents With Concussion: A Matched Case–Control Study
Authors: Loo Benny Kai Guo , Fyffe Andrew , Lam Lawrence Tak Ming , Browne Gary 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
Management of sport-related and recreation-related concussions (SRCs) in children and adolescents is challenging as brain maturation affects prognosis. However, impact seizure was removed as a prognosis modifying factor in children and adolescents with SRCs in the 2017 consensus statement on concussion in sport, based mostly on adult literature. Therefore, this study evaluates the association of impact seizure on the recovery in children and adolescents with SRCs.

Design:
Retrospective matched case–control study.

Setting:
Tertiary pediatric sports medicine service, from January 1, 2015, to June 30, 2022.

Patients:
A cohort of 452 patients, aged 7 to 18 years, with new episode of SRC was seen. From this cohort, 396 patients were included in the analysis, including 22 with impact seizures. Controls were generated using the propensity score matching approach. Patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury or incomplete treatment were excluded.

Independent Variable:
Impact seizure during SRC.

Main Outcome Measures:
Primary outcome was recovery duration in number of days.

Results:
The median recovery duration was longer in the cases (73 days, interquartile range [IQR] = 38-143 days) as compared with controls (49.5 days, IQR = 30.5-93.5 days). There was no difference in patients with prolonged recovery (ie >28 days) between both groups (OR 1.6, 95% CI, 0.4-6.6, P = 0.505).

Conclusions:
Impact seizures prolonged the recovery duration in children and adolescents with SRCs and therefore have a potential concussion modifying prognostic role. These findings could help provide evidence-based management principles for children and adolescents with SRCs in subsequent concussion consensus statements.
Financial Resource Management Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes for Entry-level Physical Therapist Practice: A Survey of Physical Therapists in Ohio
Authors: Lairson Alexia , Berg-Carramusa Cara , McCallum Christine , Murray Leigh 
Published: September 2023

Introduction.
The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of physical therapists (PTs) regarding the importance of financial resource management (FRM) knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) for entry-level practice and investigate the roles of PT education programs (PTEPs), clinical education experiences (CEEs), and employers in addressing these KSAs.

Review of Literature.
FRM KSAs have been identified as components of professionalism and leadership and, as such, are a required element in student PTs (SPTs) educational preparation.

Subjects.
A purposive sampling of convenience strategy was employed by requesting a free mailing list for Ohio-licensed PTs.

Methods.
An online survey was developed based on PT Clinical Performance Instrument Criterion #17, “Patient Management: Financial Resources,” as this tool is frequently used to endorse entry-level status of SPTs. Potential participants were solicited through email. Mixed methodology was used to analyze survey results.

Results.
The survey was completed by 266 PTs. FRM KSAs in legal and regulatory compliance were perceived as most important, followed by coding and billing. Forty-eight percent of participants indicated that FRM KSAs were “less important” (n = 111) or “considerably less important” (n = 17) than clinical care skills, whereas 39.8% (n = 106) believed that these skills are of the same level of importance. Ten themes were derived from qualitative responses regarding the FRM content that should be provided by PTEPs. Participants indicated that the role of PTEPs was to provide an introduction and foundation to FRM, whereas CEEs should facilitate intentional exposure and opportunities to apply FRM KSAs with supervision. Employers were expected to provide education regarding clinic-specific operations and reimbursement considerations, as well as mentorship that included reviewing complex billing for accuracy, offering guidance for improving time management skills, and discussing fiscal responsibilities to both the employer and patient.

Discussion and Conclusion.
This information may guide PTEPs and clinical personnel in providing focused meaningful instruction regarding FRM aspects of PT practice to SPTs and entry-level clinicians.
A Critical Examination of Independent Medical Review Decision-making for Cardiovascular Procedures Shows Low Rate of Evidence Citation in Reviews
Authors: Varadharajulu Sara D. , Ji Robin Z. , Dhruva Sanket S. , Neuhaus John , Redberg Rita F. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The California Independent Medical Review (IMR) program was created in 2001 to provide an independent, external evaluation of insurers’ denials of coverage of health services.

Objective:
We sought to evaluate the quality and comprehensiveness of data used to support IMR decision-making between 2015 and 2020.

Results:
Of the 159 cases submitted to IMR regarding denials of cardiovascular procedures, 52% of these denials were overturned by IMR, thus restoring coverage. Despite a state-wide requirement that specific references to medical and scientific evidence should be provided in IMR reviews, fewer than a quarter of reviews cited any evidence to support decision-making. Slightly more than one third of IMR review decisions were inconsistent with recommendations from professional societies and peer-reviewed evidence; the primary reason for these inconsistencies was that invasive interventions were often recommended by reviewers before utilizing guideline-directed medical or less invasive therapies.

Conclusion:
Our findings highlight an opportunity for improvement in the quality of IMR decision-making through a more consistent use of available scientific evidence to guide clinical reasoning.
Association Between Adverse Social Determinants of Health and Suicide Death
Authors: Llamocca Elyse N. , Yeh Hsueh-Han , Miller-Matero Lisa R. , Westphal Joslyn , Frank Cathrine B. , Simon Gregory E. , Owen-Smith Ashli A. , Rossom Rebecca C. , Lynch Frances L. , Beck Arne L. , Waring Stephen C. , Lu Christine Y. , Daida Yihe G. , Fontanella Cynthia A. , Ahmedani Brian K. 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
The aim of this study was to identify adverse social determinants of health (SDoH) International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code prevalence among individuals who died by suicide and to examine associations between documented adverse SDoH and suicide.

Research Design:
A case-control study using linked medical record, insurance claim, and mortality data from 2000 to 2015 obtained from 9 Mental Health Research Network-affiliated health systems. We included 3330 individuals who died by suicide and 333,000 randomly selected controls matched on index year and health system location. All individuals in the study (cases and controls) had at least 10 months of enrollment before the study index date. The index date for the study for each case and their matched controls was the suicide date for that given case.

Results:
Adverse SDoH documentation was low; only 6.6% of cases had ≥1 documented adverse SDoH in the year before suicide. Any documented SDoH and several specific adverse SDoH categories were more frequent among cases than controls. Any documented adverse SDoH was associated with higher suicide odds [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.76; 95% CI: 2.38–3.20], as was family alcoholism/drug addiction (aOR=18.23; 95% CI: 8.54–38.92), being an abuse victim/perpetrator (aOR=2.53; 95% CI: 1.99–3.21), other primary support group problems (aOR=1.91; 95% CI: 1.32–2.75), employment/occupational maladjustment problems (aOR=8.83; 95% CI: 5.62–13.87), housing/economic problems (aOR: 6.41; 95% CI: 4.47–9.19), legal problems (aOR=27.30; 95% CI: 12.35–60.33), and other psychosocial problems (aOR=2.58; 95% CI: 1.98–3.36).

Conclusions:
Although documented SDoH prevalence was low, several adverse SDoH were associated with increased suicide odds, supporting calls to increase SDoH documentation in medical records. This will improve understanding of SDoH prevalence and assist in identification and intervention among individuals at high suicide risk.
Maternal and birth outcomes in pregnant people with and without HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Slogrove Amy L. , Bovu Andisiwe , de Beer Shani , Phelanyane Florence , Williams Paige L. , Heekes Alexa , Kalk Emma , Mehta Ushma , Theron Gerhard , Abrams Elaine J. , Cotton Mark F. , Myer Landon , Davies Mary-Ann , Boulle Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
We evaluated associations of HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) with birth and maternal outcomes at a province-wide-level in the Western Cape, South Africa, in a recent cohort before dolutegravir-based first-line ART implementation.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included pregnant people delivering in 2018-2019 with data in the Western Cape Provincial Health Data Centre which integrates individual-level data on all public sector patients from multiple electronic platforms using unique identifiers. Adverse birth outcomes (stillbirth, low birth weight (LBW), very LBW (VLBW)) and maternal outcomes (early and late pregnancy-related deaths, early and late hospitalizations) were compared by HIV/ART status and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) calculated using log-binomial regression.

Results:
Overall 171,960 pregnant people and their singleton newborns were included, 19% (N = 32 015) identified with HIV. Amongst pregnant people with HIV (PPHIV), 60% (N = 19 157) were on ART preconception, 29% (N = 9276) initiated ART during pregnancy and 11% (N = 3582) had no ART. Adjusted for maternal age, multiparity, hypertensive disorders and residential district, stillbirths were higher only for PPHIV not on ART [aPR 1.31 (95%CI 1.04–1.66)] compared to those without HIV. However, LBW and VLBW were higher among all PPHIV, with aPRs of 1.11–1.22 for LBW and 1.14–1.54 for VLBW. Pregnancy-initiated ART was associated with early pregnancy-related death (aPR 3.21; 95%CI 1.55–6.65), and HIV with or without ART was associated with late pregnancy-related death (aPRs 7.89–9.01).

Conclusions:
Even in the universal ART era, PPHIV experienced higher rates of LBW and VLBW newborns, and higher late pregnancy-related death regardless of ART status than pregnant people without HIV.
Magnetic Resonance Water Tracer Imaging Using 17O-Labeled Water
Authors: Kameda Hiroyuki , Kinota Naoya , Kato Daisuke , Fujii Takaaki , Harada Taisuke , Komaki Yuji , Sugimori Hiroyuki , Onodera Tomohiro , Tomiyasu Moyoko , Obata Takayuki , Kudo Kohsuke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a crucial imaging technique for visualizing water in living organisms. Besides proton MRI, which is widely available and enables direct visualization of intrinsic water distribution and dynamics in various environments, MR-WTI (MR water tracer imaging) using 17O-labeled water has been developed, benefiting from the many advancements in MRI software and hardware that have substantially improved the signal-to-noise ratio and made possible faster imaging. This cutting-edge technique allows the generation of novel and valuable images for clinical use. This review elucidates the studies related to MRI water tracer techniques centered around 17O-labeled water, explaining the fundamental principles of imaging and providing clinical application examples. Anticipating continued progress in studies involving isotope-labeled water, this review is expected to contribute to elucidating the pathophysiology of various diseases related to water dynamics abnormalities and establishing novel imaging diagnostic methods for associated diseases.
Contemporary management of acute pancreatitis: What you need to know
Authors: Palumbo Rachael , Schuster Kevin M. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Acute pancreatitis and management of its complications is a common consult for the acute care surgeon. With the ongoing development of both operative and endoscopic treatment modalities, management recommendations continue to evolve. We describe the current diagnostic and treatment guidelines for acute pancreatitis through the lens of acute care surgery. Topics, including optimal nutrition, timing of cholecystectomy in gallstone pancreatitis, and the management of peripancreatic fluid collections, are discussed. Although the management severe acute pancreatitis can include advanced interventional modalities including endoscopic, percutaneous, and surgical debridement, the initial management of acute pancreatitis includes fluid resuscitation, early enteral nutrition, and close monitoring with consideration of cross-sectional imaging and antibiotics in the setting of suspected superimposed infection. Several scoring systems including the Revised Atlanta Criteria, the Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis score, and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grade have been devised to classify and predict the development of the severe acute pancreatitis. In biliary pancreatitis, cholecystectomy prior to discharge is recommended in mild disease and within 8 weeks of necrotizing pancreatitis, while early peripancreatic fluid collections should be managed without intervention. Underlying infection or ongoing symptoms warrant delayed intervention with technique selection dependent on local expertise, anatomic location of the fluid collection, and the specific clinical scenario. Landmark trials have shifted therapy from maximally invasive necrosectomy to more minimally invasive step-up approaches. The acute care surgeon should maintain a skill set that includes these minimally invasive techniques to successfully manage these patients. Overall, the management of acute pancreatitis for the acute care surgeon requires a strong understanding of both the clinical decisions and the options for intervention should this be necessary.