bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ion channels and transporters regulate nutrient absorption in health and disease
Authors: Lu Xianmin , Luo Chen , Wu Jiangbo , Deng Ya , Mu Xingyi , Zhang Ting , Yang Xiaoxu , Liu Qi , Li Zhuo , Tang Siqi , Hu Yanxia , Du Qian , Xu Jingyu , Xie Rui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIon channels and transporters are ubiquitously expressed on cell membrane, which involve in a plethora of physiological process such as contraction, neurotransmission, secretion and so on. Ion channels and transporters is of great importance to maintaining membrane potential homeostasis, which is essential to absorption of nutrients in gastrointestinal tract. Most of nutrients are electrogenic and require ion channels and transporters to absorb. This review summarizes the latest research on the role of ion channels and transporters in regulating nutrient uptake such as K+ channels, Ca2+ channels and ion exchangers. Revealing the mechanism of ion channels and transporters associated with nutrient uptake will be helpful to provide new methods to diagnosis and find potential targets for diseases like diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, etc. Even though some of study still remain ambiguous and in early stage, we believe that ion channels and transporters will be novel therapeutic targets in the future.
First record of Leptopilina japonica Novković & Kimura, 2011 (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) in Germany, a parasitoid of the Spotted Wing Drosophila Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: Martin Jakob , Vogel Jonathan , Peters Ralph S. , Herz Annette 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTwo years after the first European record in Italy, we report the first occurrence of the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina japonica Novković & Kimura, 2011 (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) in Germany. The species is a larval‐pupal parasitoid of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), which is a widespread invasive and economically important pest of soft‐skinned fruit. In total, we found 29 specimens of L. japonica in five different locations in southern and western Germany in the years 2021, 2022 and 2023. We examined the specimens morphologically and generated their DNA barcodes for identification. In three of the locations, L. japonica was sampled from raspberries. In two locations, L. japonica was caught in two and three consecutive years, respectively, which indicates adventive establishment. As D. suzukii and L. japonica originate from the same region in Asia, the possible establishment of L. japonica could be a case of unintentional biological control in Germany. In addition to this first record in Germany, we present a diagnosis of L. japonica to distinguish the species from the rest of the European Leptopilina fauna.
A recombinase polymerase amplification and Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute combined method for ultra‐sensitive detection of white spot syndrome virus in shrimp
Authors: Wang Yu , Chen Yukang , Tang Yixin , Wang Yue , Gao Song , Yang Lihong , Wang Pei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhite spot disease (WSD) in shrimp is an acute infectious disease caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). WSD has seriously threatened the security of shrimp farming, causing huge economic losses worldwide. As there is currently no effective treatment for WSD, developing early detection technologies for WSSV is of great significance for the prevention. In this study, we have established a detection method for WSSV using a combination of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute (PfAgo). We have achieved a detection sensitivity of single copy per reaction, which is more sensitive than the previously reported detection methods. Additionally, we have demonstrated high specificity. The entire detection process can be completed within 75 min without the need for precise thermal cyclers, making it suitable for on‐site testing. The fluorescence signal generated by the reaction can be quantified using a portable fluorescence detector or observed with the naked eye under a blue light background. This study provides an ultrasensitive on‐site detection method for WSSV in shrimp aquaculture and expands the application of PfAgo in the field of aquatic disease diagnosis.
The male marital earnings premium contextualized: Longitudinal evidence from the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom
Authors: Schechtl Manuel , Kapelle Nicole 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of marriage entry on annual net rather than gross earnings across different institutional settings.BackgroundPrevious research focused on men's gross wage marital premium to explore whether selection or specialization explains premiums. However, gross wages do not reflect disposable resources because taxes still have to be deducted. As the tax treatment varies across countries and by marital status, it is also relevant to consider such aspects.MethodWe use panel data from the United States (PSID), Germany (SOEP), and the United Kingdom (UKHLS) to examine annual male net earnings changes over marriage entry using fixed effect models with individual slopes. The models enable us to assess marriage‐related net earnings while adjusting for heterogeneous age slopes before marriage in addition to any time‐constant heterogeneity. Our sample contains 3244 US men, 4581 German men, and 7140 British men.ResultsOur results reveal a male marital net earnings premium only in Germany—a country with sizeable institutional marriage privileges. We go on to show heterogeneity in marriage effects by cohort, partner's education, and children. Results highlight that men from earlier cohorts and those married to partners with low education tend to benefit more.ConclusionResults add novel insights to our understanding of marital premiums and highlight the relevance of tax policy contexts as an institutional driver underlying marital premiums.
The Relative Effectiveness of Positive and Negative Gossip in Promoting Prosocial Giving: The Examination of the Valence of Gossip Content and Reputational Consequences
Authors: Imada Hirotaka 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGossip promotes prosocial behavior via reputational concern. However, the relative effectiveness of positive and negative gossip has been understudied. I examined to what extent positive and negative gossip promoted prosocial behavior when a potential consequence of gossip was positively framed (a third party offering a financial bonus) and negatively framed (a third party deducting a bonus). I found that gossip, irrespective of its valence, promoted generosity via reputational concern in both contexts. Yet, analyses suggested that positive gossip may have a stronger effect in promoting prosociality. The findings, together with previous findings, call for further investigation of the relationship between the effectiveness of positive and negative gossip in promoting prosociality and types of reputational consequences.
Periodontitis‐resistant and ‐susceptible matriline regulation of gingival transcriptome in nonhuman primates
Authors: Ebersole J. L. , Kirakodu S. S. , Nguyen L. M. , Gonzalez O. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis report identified if gingival gene expression transcriptomes demonstrated unique profiles that discriminated periodontitis‐susceptible (PDS) and periodontitis‐resistant (PDR) animals in health and disease.BackgroundNonhuman primates generally organize their social groups based upon matriline origin. We have used a multi‐generational colony of rhesus macaques to identify matrilines presenting with significant differences in periodontitis (e.g., earlier age onset, greater prevalence, and severity).MethodsAnimals from 12 to 23 years of age (n = 17; 8 – PDR, 9 – PDS) were entered into a ligature‐induced periodontitis trial. Gingival biopsies were taken at baseline and 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 months post‐ligation, and microarray analysis was used to quantify gene expression in samples at each time point.ResultsOver 1000 genes showed significant (p < .01) differences in the PDR versus PDS animals at baseline. The frequency of differences generally decreased during the disease process, and increased with resolution (i.e., 5 months). A nearly 2:1 ratio of elevated gene levels was noted in baseline PDR samples that included up‐regulated MMPs, Fc receptors, chemokines, interleukins, and innate immune receptors, and down‐regulated genes particularly related to epithelial biology. Most dramatically, there was a skewed differential expression of adaptive immune response genes in the PDR and epithelial cell structure/function genes in PDS samples.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate substantive differences in gingival tissue response capacity/programming in PDR and PDS samples that may contribute to the differences in clinical outcomes related to the heritability of disease risk through matrilines.
The Post Office Scandal in the United Kingdom: Mental health and social experiences of wrongly convicted and wrongly accused individuals
Authors: Growns Bethany , Kukucka Jeff , Moorhead Richard , Helm Rebecca K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundWrongful criminal conviction can significantly impair the mental health of exonerees. However, much less is known about wrongful accusation: the impact of wrongful legal allegations or investigations—absent conviction—on mental health outcomes.MethodTo address this gap, we surveyed 101 victims of the Post Office Scandal in the United Kingdom who were wrongly accused, convicted and/or investigated for financial ‘losses’ that were actually caused by software errors.ResultsMost respondents reported clinically significant post‐traumatic stress (67%) and depressive (60%) symptoms—irrespective of the outcome of their case. These results suggest that both wrongful accusation and wrongful conviction can significantly impair mental health.ConclusionOur findings have important implications for victims of the Post Office Scandal and highlight the unique needs of people impacted by flawed convictions and flawed legal accusations. Our findings underscore the need to provide exonerees with holistic postrelease support and demonstrate that this support should also be extended to victims of wrongful accusation.
On the site of predictive justice
Authors: Lazar Seth , Stone Jake 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOptimism about our ability to enhance societal decision‐making by leaning on Machine Learning (ML) for cheap, accurate predictions has palled in recent years, as these ‘cheap’ predictions have come at significant social cost, contributing to systematic harms suffered by already disadvantaged populations. But what precisely goes wrong when ML goes wrong? We argue that, as well as more obvious concerns about the downstream effects of ML‐based decision‐making, there can be moral grounds for the criticism of these predictions themselves. We introduce and defend a theory of predictive justice, according to which differential model performance for systematically disadvantaged groups can be grounds for moral criticism of the model, independently of its downstream effects. As well as helping resolve some urgent disputes around algorithmic fairness, this theory points the way to a novel dimension of epistemic ethics, related to the recently discussed category of doxastic wrong.
Tumor heterogeneity from the viewpoint of pathologists
Authors: Morii Eiichi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMorphological and functional heterogeneity are found in tumors, with the latter reflecting the different levels of resistance against antitumor therapies. In a therapy‐resistant subpopulation, the expression levels of differentiation markers decrease, and those of immature markers increase. In addition, this subpopulation expresses genes involved in drug metabolism, such as aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1). Because of their similarity to stem cells, cells in the latter therapy‐resistant subpopulation are called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Like normal stem cells, CSCs were originally thought not to arise from non‐CSCs, but this hierarchical model is too simple. It is now believed that CSCs are generated from non‐CSCs. The plasticity of tumor phenotypes between CSCs and non‐CSCs causes difficulty in completely curing tumors. In this review, focusing on ALDH1A1 as a marker for CSCs or immature tumor cells, the dynamics of ALDH1A1‐expressing tumor cells and their regulatory mechanisms are described, and the plausible regulatory mechanisms of plasticity of ALDH1A1 expression phenotype are discussed. Genetic mutations are a significant factor for tumorigenesis, but non‐mutational epigenetic reprogramming factors yielding tumor heterogeneity are also crucial in determining tumor characteristics. Factors influencing non‐mutational epigenetic reprogramming in tumors are also discussed.
Machine learning and user interface for cyber risk management of water infrastructure
Authors: Neshenko Nataliia , Bou‐Harb Elias , Furht Borko , Behara Ravi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the continuous modernization of water plants, the risk of cyberattacks on them potentially endangers public health and the economic efficiency of water treatment and distribution. This article signifies the importance of developing improved techniques to support cyber risk management for critical water infrastructure, given an evolving threat environment. In particular, we propose a method that uniquely combines machine learning, the theory of belief functions, operational performance metrics, and dynamic visualization to provide the required granularity for attack inference, localization, and impact estimation. We illustrate how the focus on visual domain‐aware anomaly exploration leads to performance improvement, more precise anomaly localization, and effective risk prioritization. Proposed elements of the method can be used independently, supporting the exploration of various anomaly detection methods. It thus can facilitate the effective management of operational risk by providing rich context information and bridging the interpretation gap.
Multispecies marginality: Mangroves and migrant Papuans in the margins of urban colonisation
Authors: Kadir Hatib Abdul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWest Papuans' dependency on mangroves is a consequence of Sorong's status as a frontier town. Originally developed to accommodate the oil industry, Sorong is an attraction for Indonesian settlers who have dominated and continue to dominate the town's geographical and economic spaces. By combining multispecies ethnographic studies with issues of power relations in urban areas related to settler colonialism and racial discrimination, this paper aims to reveal marginalised human species that are interconnected with their ecosystems. In addition to exploring the interdependence between humans and other species, and their common fate, a multispecies ethnographic approach also delves into the impact of urban development on marginalised human communities and their relationship with affected species. This enables a comprehensive understanding of how the well‐being of these communities is inextricably linked to the health and survival of the entire ecosystem. Focusing on the Kokoda migrant community in Sorong, Indonesia, this article is based on research that has been conducted intermittently since 2019. A community that is accustomed to living within a mangrove ecosystem, Kokoda have the endurance to live in a degraded environment. By co‐existing with the mangrove forest, they have created a commons in the swamp as their livelihood space. Paradoxically, the Kokoda also pragmatically participate in mangrove‐planting programs instigated by both the government and private parties. However, despite the fact that urban housing development is the cause of massive mangrove deforestation, the Kokoda community is most responsible for mangrove deforestation.
A haplotype resolved chromosome‐scale assembly of North American wild apple Malus fusca and comparative genomics of the fire blight Mfu10 locus
Authors: Mansfeld Ben N. , Yocca Alan , Ou Shujun , Harkess Alex , Burchard Erik , Gutierrez Benjamin , van Nocker Steve , Gottschalk Christopher 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYThe Pacific crabapple (Malus fusca) is a wild relative of the commercial apple (Malus × domestica). With a range extending from Alaska to Northern California, M. fusca is extremely hardy and disease resistant. The species represents an untapped genetic resource for the development of new apple cultivars with enhanced stress resistance. However, gene discovery and utilization of M. fusca have been hampered by the lack of genomic resources. Here, we present a high‐quality, haplotype‐resolved, chromosome‐scale genome assembly and annotation for M. fusca. The genome was assembled using high‐fidelity long‐reads and scaffolded using genetic maps and high‐throughput chromatin conformation capture sequencing, resulting in one of the most contiguous apple genomes to date. We annotated the genome using public transcriptomic data from the same species taken from diverse plant structures and developmental stages. Using this assembly, we explored haplotypic structural variation within the genome of M. fusca, identifying thousands of large variants. We further showed high sequence co‐linearity with other domesticated and wild Malus species. Finally, we resolve a known quantitative trait locus associated with resistance to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora). Insights gained from the assembly of a reference‐quality genome of this hardy wild apple relative will be invaluable as a tool to facilitate DNA‐informed introgression breeding.
The jugular venous‐to‐arterial PCO2${P_{{\mathrm{C}}{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{2}}}}}$ difference during rebreathing and end‐tidal forcing: Relationship with cerebral perfusion
Authors: Carr Jay M. J. R. , Day Trevor A. , Ainslie Philip N. , Hoiland Ryan L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe examined two assumptions of the modified rebreathing technique for the assessment of the ventilatory central chemoreflex (CCR) and cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity (CVR), hypothesizing: (1) that rebreathing abolishes the gradient between the partial pressures of arterial and brain tissue CO2 [measured via the surrogate jugular venous and arterial difference (Pjv‐aCO2)] and (2) rebreathing eliminates the capacity of CVR to influence the Pjv‐aCO2 difference, and thus affect CCR sensitivity. We also evaluated these variables during two separate dynamic end‐tidal forcing (ETF) protocols (termed: ETF‐1 and ETF‐2), another method of assessing CCR sensitivity and CVR. Healthy participants were included in the rebreathing (n = 9), ETF‐1 (n = 11) and ETF‐2 (n = 10) protocols and underwent radial artery and internal jugular vein (advanced to jugular bulb) catheterization to collect blood samples. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to measure middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv). The Pjv‐aCO2 difference was not abolished during rebreathing (6.2 ± 2.6 mmHg; P < 0.001), ETF‐1 (9.3 ± 1.5 mmHg; P < 0.001) or ETF‐2 (8.6 ± 1.4 mmHg; P < 0.001). The Pjv‐aCO2 difference did not change during the rebreathing protocol (−0.1 ± 1.2 mmHg; P = 0.83), but was reduced during the ETF‐1 (−3.9 ± 1.1 mmHg; P < 0.001) and ETF‐2 (−3.4 ± 1.2 mmHg; P = 0.001) protocols. Overall, increases in MCAv were associated with reductions in the Pjv‐aCO2 difference during ETF (−0.095 ± 0.089 mmHg cm−1 s−1; P = 0.001) but not during rebreathing (−0.028 ± 0.045 mmHg · cm−1 · s−1; P = 0.067). These findings suggest that, although the Pjv‐aCO2 is not abolished during any chemoreflex assessment technique, hyperoxic hypercapnic rebreathing is probably more appropriate to assess CCR sensitivity independent of cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2.
imageKey points
Modified rebreathing is a technique used to assess the ventilatory central chemoreflex and is based on the premise that the rebreathing method eliminates the difference between arterial and brain tissue . Therefore, rebreathing is assumed to isolate the ventilatory response to central chemoreflex stimulation from the influence of cerebral blood flow.
We assessed these assumptions by measuring arterial and jugular venous bulb and middle cerebral artery blood velocity during modified rebreathing and compared these data against data from another test of the ventilatory central chemoreflex using hypercapnic dynamic end‐tidal forcing.
The difference between arterial and jugular venous bulb remained present during both rebreathing and end‐tidal forcing tests, whereas middle cerebral artery blood velocity was associated with the difference during end‐tidal forcing but not rebreathing.
These findings offer substantiating evidence that clarifies and refines the assumptions of modified rebreathing tests, enhancing interpretation of future findings.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Tracking Control for Two Time-Scale Looper Hydraulic Servo Systems
Authors: Mi Xuanrui , Wang Yudong , Wu Jiacheng , Shen Hao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Looper hydraulic servosystems (HSSs) are used in a variety of complex industrial environments. It is worth noting that there exists two-time-scale phenomenon in looper hydraulic servosystems. In this technical brief, the model of the looper hydraulic servosystems with two-time-scale phenomenon is established. In the framework of reinforcement learning, an optimal tracking control policy for looper hydraulic servosystems is proposed, which considers the effects of two-time-scale phenomena on the system. Then, by analyzing the change of looper angle in the actual industrial production process, the designed controller has a faster transition time compared to the proportional integral differential controller. In addition, the convergence of the optimal control solution obtained by using the proposed algorithm is proved. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the simulation.
Integrating Mindfulness to Reduce Injury Rates in Athletes: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Reiche Elaine , Lam Kevin , Genoese Francesca , Baez Shelby 
Published: August 2023

Clinical Question: Is there evidence to support the use of mindfulness to reduce injury risk in athletic populations? Clinical Bottom Line: There is currently inconsistent, good-quality evidence to support that mindfulness interventions are effective in decreasing injury rates in athletes compared to the standard of care. Future research should investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness in other populations and types of sports activity (e.g., basketball, gymnastics, etc.). Additionally, future research should investigate different mindfulness delivery techniques in addition to the Mindfulness–Acceptance–Commitment (MAC) approach. Due to the inconsistent, good-quality evidence to support the use of mindfulness to reduce injury rates, the grade of B is recommended by the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy. Mindfulness interventions should be incorporated into clinical practice but stakeholders (e.g., coaches, athletes, administration) should be included in the decision to implement these programs.
Draft genome sequence of the highly copper-tolerant
Methylobacterium radiotolerans
MLP1 isolated from the rhizosphere of grasses adjacent to mine tailings
Authors: Dávalos Araceli , Lozano-Aguirre Beltrán Luis Fernando , García-de los Santos Alejandro 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

We present the genome of a highly copper-tolerant pink-pigmented facultative methylotroph isolated from the rhizosphere of grasses growing close to mine tailings. Based on whole-genome taxonomic analyses, this isolate was named
Methylobacterium radiotolerans
MLP1. Studies are in progress to infer its genome-based copper resistome.