bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cauliflower mosaic virusprotein P6 is a multivalent node for RNA granule proteins and interferes with stress granule responses during plant infection
Authors: Hoffmann Gesa , López-González Silvia , Mahboubi Amir , Hanson Johannes , Hafrén Anders 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBiomolecular condensation is a multipurpose cellular process that viruses use ubiquitously during their multiplication. Cauliflower mosaic virus replication complexes are condensates that differ from those of most viruses, as they are nonmembranous assemblies that consist of RNA and protein, mainly the viral protein P6. Although these viral factories (VFs) were described half a century ago, with many observations that followed since, functional details of the condensation process and the properties and relevance of VFs have remained enigmatic. Here, we studied these issues in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. We observed a large dynamic mobility range of host proteins within VFs, while the viral matrix protein P6 is immobile, as it represents the central node of these condensates. We identified the stress granule (SG) nucleating factors G3BP7 and UBP1 family members as components of VFs. Similarly, as SG components localize to VFs during infection, ectopic P6 localizes to SGs and reduces their assembly after stress. Intriguingly, it appears that soluble rather than condensed P6 suppresses SG formation and mediates other essential P6 functions, suggesting that the increased condensation over the infection time-course may accompany a progressive shift in selected P6 functions. Together, this study highlights VFs as dynamic condensates and P6 as a complex modulator of SG responses.
Coordinated carbon taxes or tightened NDCs: Distributional implications of two options for climate negotiations
Authors: Mukanjari Samson , Sterner Thomas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Concerns about fairness among countries remain significant obstacles to a stronger global climate treaty. This paper addresses the distributional implications of two mechanisms to strengthen the Paris Agreement: the incorporation of national carbon pricing, and the tightening of nationally determined contributions (NDCs). Both are found to be viable mechanisms. They are also less extreme, and therefore more acceptable, than both grandfathering, which favors the most fossil-intensive economies, and equal per capita allocation, which favors low-income countries that use less fossil fuel. However, compensatory funding for developing countries will also be needed at scale. An analysis of the ambitiousness of current climate policies shows a broad range of outcomes: The more ambitious NDCs have emission levels below either the per capita or grandfathering levels, and sometimes both. However, some NDCs, especially those tabled by the largest emitters, are severely lacking in ambition.
The Articulation of Feeling in Shakespeare’s Sonnets
Authors: Ackermann Zeno , Schalkwyk David 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Noting the scarcity of extended investigations of feeling in Shakespeare’s Sonnets, this essay approaches the topic through the concept of articulation. On this basis, it becomes possible to trace the process of how Shakespeare’s lyrics produce rather than express emotion: feeling emerges in the act of speaking about feeling, which is also the attempt of segmenting heterogeneous affective states into distinctly conceptualized feelings. Examining the articulation of emotion within and between sonnets, the essay finds the gist of the poetry not in the success but in the persistent—and, it is argued, programmatically determined—‘failure’ of these attempts. The notion that Shakespeare’s Sonnets almost methodically demonstrate the irreducible volatility of feeling contradicts Michael Schoenfeldt’s classic argument that this collection of poems espouses a Galenic ethics of emotional control. While Schoenfeldt proposes that contemporary readings testify to ‘the distance separating the modern fetishes of desire and exhibitionism from the Renaissance fetishes of inscrutability and control’, the present interpretation suggests that the poems in the 1609 Quarto should be seen as equidistant from both ‘our’ present and ‘their’ past. Locating the major point of Shakespeare’s Sonnets in the act of gesturing towards an impossible and inexpressible affective space of sociality, it is claimed that the collection might be productively read as performative prefiguration of a modernity that never quite arrived.
Liver sinusoidal endothelial S1pr2 regulates experimental liver fibrosis through YAP/TGF‐β signaling pathway
Authors: Liao Yang , Zhou Caixia , Duan Yunhao , Liu Xiuxiang , Yue Jinnan , Li Xiufen , Wu Jinjin , Wan Chaomin , Zhang Lin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe hepatic vascular niche plays an important role in the pathological process of liver fibrosis. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) predominantly compose hepatic vascular niches. Endothelial cell (EC)‐expressing sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptor 2 (S1pr2) plays an essential role in the regulation of vascular functions. Nevertheless, it remains unknown whether liver LSEC‐S1pr2 might modulate pathological liver fibrosis. In this study, liver fibrosis was induced by hepatotoxin carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The expression of S1pr2 is significantly downregulated in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells after CCl4 treatment. The loss of S1pr2 in LSECs significantly alleviated liver fibrosis after chronic insult, whereas the overexpression of S1pr2 in LSECs accentuated liver fibrogenesis. In vivo experiments further revealed that the deficiency of S1pr2 in LSECs dampened hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, while overexpression of S1pr2 in LSECs enhanced HSC activation with more extracellular matrix component production. Mechanistically, LSEC‐S1pr2 activates the YAP signaling pathway to potentiate the transactivation of TGF‐β, which acts on HSCs in a paracrine manner, and thus aggravated liver fibrosis. Taken together, our results uncover a novel pathological mechanism of liver fibrosis in which LSEC‐S1pr2 plays an important role in modulating the development of liver fibrosis, providing a future novel therapy target against liver fibrogenesis.
Surgical outcomes following breast reconstruction in patients with and without a history of chest radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma: a multicentre, matched cohort study
Authors: Harmeling J. Xavier , Woerdeman Leonie A.E. , Ozdemir Ezgi , Schaapveld Michael , Oldenburg Hester S.A. , Janus Cécile P.M. , Russell Nicola S. , Koppert Linetta B. , Krul Inge M. , van Leeuwen Flora E. , Mureau Marc A.M. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Breast cancer is the most common treatment-related second malignancy among women with previous chest radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Little is known about the effects of this kind of radiotherapy on the outcomes of postmastectomy breast reconstruction (BR). This study compared adverse outcomes of BR after HL-related chest radiotherapy to matched controls.

Methods:
The authors conducted a retrospective, matched cohort study in two expert cancer centres in the Netherlands. BRs after therapeutic or prophylactic mastectomy in HL survivors who received chest radiotherapy were matched with BRs in nonirradiated patients without HL on age at mastectomy date, date of BR, and type of BR. The primary outcome was complication-related BR failure or conversion and secondary outcomes were complication-related re-operation, capsular contracture, major donor-site complications, and complication-related ICU admission. The authors analyzed all outcomes univariably using Fisher’s exact tests and the authors assessed reconstruction failure, complication-related re-operation, and capsular contracture with multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusting for confounding and data clustering.

Results:
Seventy BRs in 41 patients who received chest radiotherapy for HL were matched to 121 BRs in 110 nonirradiated patients. Reconstruction failure did not differ between HL survivors (12.9%) and controls (12.4%). The comparison groups showed no differences in number of reoperations, major donor-site complications, or capsular contractures. BR in HL survivors more often let to ICU admission due to complications compared with controls (P=0.048).

Conclusions:
We observed no increased risk of adverse outcomes following BR after previous chest radiotherapy for HL. This is important information for counselling these patients and may improve shared decision-making.
Irradiation stent with 125I plus TACE versus sorafenib plus TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma with major portal vein tumor thrombosis: a multicenter randomized trial
Authors: Lu Jian , Guo Jin-He , Ji Jian-Song , Li Yu-Liang , Lv Wei-Fu , Zhu Hai-Dong , Sun Jun-Hui , Ren Wei-Xin , Zhang Fu-Jun , Wang Wei-Dong , Shao Hai-Bo , Cao Guang-Shao , Li Hai-Liang , Gao Kun , Yang Po , Yin Guo-Wen , Zhu Guang-Yu , Wu Fa-Zong , Wang Wu-Jie , Lu Dong , Chen Sheng-Qun , Min Jie , Zhao Yang , Li Rui , Lu Li-Gong , Lau Wan Yee , Teng Gao-Jun 
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim:
Treatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and Vp4 [main trunk] portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) remains limited due to posttreatment liver failure. We aimed to assess the efficacy of irradiation stent placement with 125I plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) (ISP-TACE) compared to sorafenib plus TACE (Sora-TACE) in these patients.

Methods:
In this multicenter randomized controlled trial, participants with HCC and Vp4 PVTT without extrahepatic metastases were enrolled from November 2018 to July 2021 at 16 medical centers. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were hepatic function, time to symptomatic progression, patency of portal vein, disease control rate, and treatment safety.

Results:
Of 105 randomized participants, 51 were assigned to the ISP-TACE group, and 54 were assigned to the Sora-TACE group. The median OS was 9.9 months versus 6.3 months (95% CI: 0.27–0.82; P=0.01). Incidence of acute hepatic decompensation was 16% (8 of 51) versus 33% (18 of 54) (P=0.036). The time to symptomatic progression was 6.6 months versus 4.2 months (95% CI: 0.38–0.93; P=0.037). The median stent patency was 7.2 months (interquartile range, 4.7–9.3) in the ISP-TACE group. The disease control rate was 86% (44 of 51) versus 67% (36 of 54) (P=0.018). Incidences of adverse events at least grade 3 were comparable between the safety populations of the two groups: 16 of 49 (33%) versus 18 of 50 (36%) (P=0.73).

Conclusion:
Irradiation stent placement plus TACE showed superior results compared with sorafenib plus TACE in prolonging OS in patients with HCC and Vp4 PVTT.
Macrophage morphology and distribution are strong predictors of prognosis in resected colorectal liver metastases: results from an external retrospective observational study
Authors: Costa Guido , Sposito Carlo , Soldani Cristiana , Polidoro Michela A. , Franceschini Barbara , Marchesi Federica , Nasir Faizan D. , Virdis Matteo , Vingiani Andrea , Leo Ana , Di Tommaso Luca , Kotha Soumya , Mantovani Alberto , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Donadon Matteo , Torzilli Guido 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of a tumoral microenvironment and have been shown to impact prognosis in different cancers. Previously reported data showed that TAM morphology correlates with prognosis in colorectal liver metastases (CLMs) after hepatectomy, with smaller TAMs (S-TAMs) conferring a more favorable prognosis than larger ones (L-TAMs). This study aims to externally validate this finding.

Material and methods:
The external cohort consisted of 84 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded surgical samples of CLMs and peritumoral tissue. Two-micrometer-section slides were obtained; the area and perimeter of 21 macrophages in each slide were recorded. The endpoints were TAMs morphometrics and their prognostic significance in relation to disease-free survival (DFS).

Results:
The average macrophage perimeter was 71.5±14.1 μm whilst the average area was 217.7±67.8 μm2. At univariate analysis, the TAM area demonstrated a statistically significant association with DFS (P=0.0006). Optimal area cutoff value was obtained, showing a sensitivity and specificity of 92 and 56%, respectively. S-TAMs and L-TAMs were associated with 3-year DFS rates of 60 and 8.5%, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed the predictive role of TAM area for DFS [hazard ratio (HR)=5.03; 95% CI=1.70–14.94; P=0.003]. Moreover, in a subset of patients (n=12) characterized by unfavorable (n=6, recurrence within 3 months) or favorable (n=6, no recurrence after 48 months) prognosis, TAMs showed a different distribution: L-TAMs were more abundant and closer to the tumor invasive margin in patients that encountered early recurrence and tended to cluster in foci significantly larger (P=0.02).

Conclusions:
This external validation confirms that morphometric characterization of TAMs can serve as a simple readout of their diversity and allows to reliably stratify patient outcomes and predict disease recurrence after hepatectomy for CLMs.
Minimally invasive nephrolithotomy versus retrograde intrarenal surgery in surgical management of Lower calyceal stones: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Ming , Hou Jun , Xu FeiHong , Du HuiFang , Liu JingXuan , Li Ning 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
The efficacy and safety of minimally invasive nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) versus retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) was assessed for lower calyceal (LC) stones.

Methods:
Our team conducted a systematic literature search up to December, 2022, using PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. The study was registered in PROSPERO, CRD 42021247197. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of MPCNL versus RIRS for LC stones were collected. Heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using the χ2 test based on the Q and I
2 tests. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using a fixed model if I
2 is less than 50%; otherwise, a random-effects model was chosen. The primary outcomes were the 3-month stone-free rate (3SFR) and total complications, while the secondary outcomes were the operating time, hospital stay, haemoglobin reduction, bleeding, postoperative fever and complications with the Clavien–Dindo system. A subgroup analysis of 10–20 mm LC stones was also designed.

Results:
A total of 7 peer-reviewed trials comprising 711 patients were identified. No statistical differences were observed in the heterogeneity results of the 3SFR or total complications (P>0.1, I
2 < 50%). Compared with RIRS, MPCNL had an unfavourable safety profile, resulting in total complications [odds ratio (OR): 1.87 (95% CI: 1.05, 3.33); P=0.03], haemoglobin reduction [OR: 0.81 (95% CI: 0.15, 1.47); P=0.02] and complications with Grade I [OR: 5.52 (95% CI: 1.34, 22.83); P=0.02] but an improved efficacy and 3SFR [OR: 2.43 (95% CI: 1.48, 3.97); P=0.0004]. As for the 10–20 mm LC stones, compared with RIRS, MPCNL also had an unfavourable safety profile, resulting in total complications [OR: 2.47 (95% CI: 1.20, 5.07); P=0.01], complications with Grade I [OR: 4.97 (95% CI: 0.99, 25.01); P=0.05] and an increased hospital stay [OR: 2.46 (95% CI: 2.26, 2.66); P=0.00001] but an improved efficacy and 3SFR {OR: 3.10 (95% CI: 1.61, 5.99); P=0.0008]. The efficacy effect of MPCNL and safety effect of RIRS were nearly equal for both stones sized less than 20 mm (number needed to treat = 17, number needed to harm = 20) and stones sized 10–20 mm (number needed to treat = 20, number needed to harm = 13). No statistical difference was found between the MPCNL and RIRS groups for the rest of outcomes.

Conclusion:
Both MPCNL and RIRS are safe and effective management methods. Moreover, compared with RIRS, MPCNL had an unfavourable safety profile but improved efficacy for LC stones of ≤20 mm or 10–20 mm, and the differences were statistically significant. The relative profit of efficacy of MPCNL was similar to the relative profit of safety of RIRS.
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter spp. in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ahmad Shahzad , Shakireen Najmush , Ali Khan Mohammad S. , Mumtaz Hassan , Ahmad Wiqar , Shah Mohammad H. , Ahmad Izaz , Khan Waqas , Khan Faheemullah , Nadeem Abdullah , Naqvi Nabiha , Khan Momina S. 
Published: April 2023

Background:

Acinetobacter spp. have been a primary cause of nosocomial infections worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality, especially in Pakistan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the trend of antimicrobial resistance over a 5-year period in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

Methods:
A retrospective cross-sectional study regarding the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter spp. recovered from clinical specimens that were referred to the Pathology Laboratory of Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar. The data from 2014 to 2019 was recorded and analyzed by the laboratory. Sociodemographic characteristics and laboratory record data was analyzed using SPSS, version 25. A chi-square test was applied to see the significance.

Results:
Of 59 483 clinical samples, Acinetobacter baumannii strains were detected in 114 of them. The majority of the clinical samples were from blood (89.5%) followed by sputum (7.9%), wound swab (1.8%), and bone marrow (0.9%). A. baumannii has been found in 52 men (67.53%) and 28 women (75.67%), with an overall risk of 0.669 times. In 76 men (98.70%), sensitivity for ertapenem (99.1), colistin (96.49), and tigecycline (78.9%) were also observed which indicated the potential viability of these drugs to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter infections. The male-to-female risk ratio was 0.98 for colistin and 0.71 for amikacin.

Conclusion:
Increased frequency of MDR supports the need for continuous surveillance to determine the prevalence and evolution of MDR Acinetobacter spp. in Pakistan. Colistin, tigecyclines, and ertapenem remain the possible line of drugs to treat MDR Acinetobacter.
Two plus one port laparoscopic assisted continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis insertion modified technique: a case series
Authors: Daniswara Nanda , Yudha Fajar G. P. , Santosa Ardy , Soedarso Moh A. , Nugroho Eriawan A. , Wibisono Dimas S. , Addin Sofyan R. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is one of the modalities for renal replacement therapy in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease. There are various techniques and modifications, but there is no main reference for laparoscopic catheter insertion. One common complication related to CAPD is the malposition of the Tenckhoff catheter. In this study, the authors present a modified laparoscopic technique for insertion that can prevent malposition of the Tenckhoff catheter by using two plus one port.

Material and method:
A retrospective case series from the medical records at Semarang Tertiary Hospital was identified between 2017 and 2021. Demographic, clinical, intraoperative, and postoperative complication data were collected with a 1-year follow-up after the CAPD procedure.

Results:
This study included 49 patients with a mean age of 43.2±13.6 years, and diabetes was the main cause (51.02%). This modified technique showed no complications intraoperatively. The postoperative complications were found to include one case of hematoma (2.04%), eight cases of omental adhesion (16.3%), seven cases of exit-site infection (14.28%), and two cases of peritonitis (4.08%). Malposition of the Tenckhoff catheter was not found 1-year after the procedure.

Conclusion:
The two plus one port modified laparoscopic assisted CAPD technique could prevent malposition of the Teckhoff catheter because it is already fixated in the pelvic. A long-term follow-up of 5 years is necessary to know the long-term survival of the Tenckhoff catheter in the next study.
Intensive care unit presentation of central corneal descemetocele secondary to Methicillin-Resistant staphylococcal infection superimposed by a hypopyon: a case report
Authors: Zhitny Vladislav P. , Tun Kyaw M. , Roma Katerina , Narra Gopi , Kilburn Jeremy P 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
A descemetocele is a rare type of keratopathy that occurs when an intact descemet’s membrane of the eye undergoes a herniation through an overlying stroma. Previous literature has documented corneal damage via bacterial enzymes, especially, Pseudomonas and Neisseria species. Most recent prospective interventional studies showed treatment of these infections.

Case presentation:
This report presents the first instance of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus descemetocele presentation in a 51-year-old African American male, with co-presenting hypopyon sequelae successfully managed conservatively in an intensive care unit setting.

Clinical discussion:
An instance of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has not yet been documented in the literature. Likewise, a co-presentation with a hypopyon, which is known as a formation of inflammatory debris rich in white blood cells has not been studied.

Conclusion:
The presence of a hypopyon in the instances of bacterial descemetocele herniation should be further evaluated to see if there are associations with conservative, nonsurgical intervention outcomes.
Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease in a 20-year-old female: a case report
Authors: Gurung Shekhar , Pariyar Ribek Sunam , Karki Saurab , Gautam Anu , Sapkota Hari 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Kikuchi disease is an uncommon, self-limited disease that mimics malignant lymphoma in presentation but with an excellent prognosis. The study highlights the importance of diagnosis of Kikuchi disease and modalities to reach it.

Case presentation:
The authors present a case of a 20-year-old Asian female who had complaints of swelling at the angle of the mandible along with fever. There was bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Ultrasonography of the neck showed features of tubercular lymphadenitis whereas cell and tissue study revealed the diagnosis of Kikuchi disease. She was managed conservatively and her lesions subsided.

Discussion:
Kikuchi disease is a rare but self-limiting disease characterized by lymphadenopathy. It has similarities with other etiologies especially malignancy and tubercular lymphadenitis which leads to misdiagnosis. Hence, knowledge about incidence, and clinicopathological features helps to reach proper diagnosis prompting effective management.

Conclusion:
Kikuchi disease, being a benign disease needs to be kept in mind to avoid overtreatment in the line of malignancy or tubercular lymphadenitis.