bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salient Object Detection based on Background Optimization
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Zhiteng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and blurred object edges in current salient object detection based on background algorithms, a new algorithm based on boundary prior to estimate background is proposed. Firstly, the super-pixel image segmentation algorithm (SLIC) is used to segment the image into super-pixels. According to the theory that the foreground and background are relative, the background is estimated by using the four-edges boundary prior of the image; At the same time, an optimal fusion algorithm is proposed to fuse the prior background and foreground with optimal weights to obtain the final saliency map. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons with 10 classic salient object detection algorithms, the results show that the proposed algorithm can not only detect salient objects of different sizes more accurately, but also effectively suppress background redundant information, preserving the object boundary. Therefore, the accuracy of our algorithm is better than 10 classical algorithms. The algorithm in this paper which serve as pre-processing for computer vision has great promise in the field of intelligent control of machine vision.
Modeling and Simulation of Imperfect Fault Coverage of Airborne Computing Platform
Authors: Sun Dongxu , Niu Wei , Zhu Zhiqiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ignoring the problem of imperfect fault coverage of fault-tolerant systems will lead to reliability evaluation errors. In order to accurately assess the reliability of the fault-tolerant design of airborne computing platform, the fault-coverage process and failure factors were analyzed, and a discrete event simulation model for the problem of imperfect fault coverage is constructed. In the discrete event simulation model, the fault, detection, isolation and recovery behaviours event are generated by random sampling according to specific distribution, and each discrete event is used to drive the system behaviours and result analysis sequentially along the time axis. Based on the simulation model, reliability analysis of a typical airborne computing platform is completed; the simulation results show that the problem of imperfect fault coverage has a significant impact on the reliability of the computing platform, and the simulation model in this paper is more comprehensive and accurate than the traditional ideal model.
A Multisensor Fusion Scheme and Its Engineering Application
Authors: Shi Yaozu , Li Zhengyu , Hou Xibiao , Wang Yucheng , He Mingsheng , Li Xiaolei , Yang Wanyu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Sensor fusion is a key technology in ADAS (FCW, PCW, AEB, ACC, etc.) In this paper, the target-level fusion method is used to realize the recognition of key targets through the algorithms such as estimation of the driving area, screening for effective targets, targets matching, target fusion and target tracking. Simulation test and real vehicle test show that the algorithms can identify key targets steadily and screen out radar jamming targets such as guardrails and viaducts.
MPPT Control Research of Improved Gray Wolf Algorithm According to Levy Flight and Greedy Strategy
Authors: Luo Wenxiang , Huang Yong , Zhou Wenhao , Nie Yin , Lai Chunqin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
MPPT control study of improved Gray Wolf algorithm (GWO) according to Levy flight and greedy strategy: Solving the problems of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with traditional Gray Wolf algorithm (GWO) under local shadows of photovoltaic arrays and sudden environmental changes, which is easily trapped in local optimum and has a slow convergence rate, and poor solution accuracy, a improved gray wolf algorithm (LGWO) according to Levy flight and greedy strategy is presented. It is used for the first time for maximum power point tracking under partial shadow and dynamic shadow changes of photovoltaic array. It is based on the traditional Grey Wolf algorithm (GWO), it introduces Levy’s flight search strategy, improve the algorithm of global search ability, expands search range, and filters optimal range through greedy strategy to further accelerate the convergence speed. MPPT simulation model according to Boost circuit is built using MATLAB/Simulink to verify. Experiments in the presence of partial shadows and shadow mutations. The results of simulation experiments show that the ameliorated Gray Wolf algorithm (LGWO) improves the tracking accuracy of MPPT by 0.03%, improves the convergence speed by 1.1 times and is more stable after reaching the maximum number of iterations. This verifies the feasibility and superiority of the ameliorated Grey Wolf algorithm in maximum power point tracking control.
The Scheme for SOC Estimation of Lithium-ion Batteries based on EQ-OCV-Ah-EKF
Authors: Chen Yiren , Bahitbek Ardah , Song Qingjin , Peng Hui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The state of charge (SOC) of a battery is one of the most important indicators to monitor in a Battery Management System (BMS). It is very important to accurately and quickly predict the state of battery charge for the safe driving of electric vehicles and the efficient utilization of battery equipment. However, several factors, such as the working environment and the aging degree of the battery, can have a coupling effect on the internal state of the battery. This leads it difficult to accurately predict the SOC of a battery. For this purpose, this paper proposes an online estimation scheme for the SOC of Li-ion batteries with an equivalent circuit model and an extended Kalman filtering algorithm. Firstly, a batch of ternary Li-ion batteries are charged and discharged at constant current with 1C current condition under constant temperature at 25°C using the hybrid power pulse (HPPC) test method, and the collected data are pre-processed. Then, the parameters of the second-order Thevenin circuit model were fitted by combining the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LM) and verified by the MATLAB program. Finally, the Extended Kalman algorithm (EKF) is leveraged to further improve the accuracy of prediction results. The proposed scheme also has some reference significance for the identification of equivalent circuit model parameters of lithium-ion batteries and the rapid estimation of battery charge states.
Research and Design of Microgrid Simulation System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer
Authors: Cai Weihua , Wang Aijun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the continuous development of modern power electronics and chip technology, numerical control inverter power supply is more and more widely used in industrial control and civil fields. High performance numerical control inverter has become one of the research focuses in the power supply field. In this paper, a micro grid simulation system based on single-chip microcomputer is designed. The effective value of the load line current of the inverter part is within 2A, the effective value of the line voltage changes within 24V ± 0.07V, the frequency fluctuation is 50Hz ± 0.2Hz, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the AC bus voltage is not more than 1.6%, and the power output efficiency reaches 91.6%, achieving good performance. In addition, the system can manually set the power supply output voltage frequency by pressing the key, and display the output voltage and current in real time. At the same time, the system has over-current protection function, which greatly improves the safety and stability when the current is too large.
Support-less ceramic 3D printing of bioceramic structures using a hydrogel bath
Authors: Raja Naren , Park Honghyun , Gal Chang Woo , Sung Aram , Choi Yeong-Jin , Yun Hui-suk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Volumetric bone tissue defects are beyond the intrinsic regenerative capacity of bone tissue. With the recent development of ceramic 3D printing, various bioceramic scaffolds that can induce bone regeneration are being actively developed. However, hierarchical bone is complex, with overhanging structures that require additional sacrificial support during ceramic 3D printing. Not only can this increase the overall process time and material consumption, but breaks and cracks may occur when sacrificial supports are removed from fabricated ceramic structures. In this study, a support-less ceramic printing (SLCP) process using a hydrogel bath was developed to facilitate the manufacture of complex bone substitutes. A hydrogel bath, consisting of pluronic P123 with temperature-sensitive properties, mechanically supported the fabricated structure when the bioceramic ink was extruded into the bath and promoted the cement reaction to cure the bioceramic. SLCP enables the fabrication of complex bone constructs with overhanging structures, such as the mandible and maxillofacial bones, with reduced overall processing time and material consumption. Scaffolds fabricated by SLCP showed more cell adhesion, higher cell growth rate, and osteogenic protein expression due to their rougher surface than conventionally printed scaffolds. Hybrid scaffolds were fabricated by SLCP to co-print cells and bioceramics, and SLCP provided a cell-friendly environment, exhibiting high cell viability. SLCP enables control of the shape of various cells, bioactive substances, and bioceramics and thus can be used as an innovative 3D bioprinting technique to manufacture complex hierarchical bone structures.
Self-assembled innervated vasculature-on-a-chip to study nociception
Authors: Kumar Vardhman , Kingsley David , Madhurakkat Perikamana Sajeeshkumar , Mogha Pankaj , Goodwin C Rory , Varghese Shyni 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nociceptor sensory neurons play a key role in eliciting pain. An active crosstalk between nociceptor neurons and the vascular system at the molecular and cellular level is required to sense and respond to noxious stimuli. Besides nociception, interaction between nociceptor neurons and vasculature also contributes to neurogenesis and angiogenesis. In vitro models of innervated vasculature can greatly help delineate these roles while facilitating disease modeling and drug screening. Herein, we report the development of a microfluidic-assisted tissue model of nociception in the presence of microvasculature. The self-assembled innervated microvasculature was engineered using endothelial cells and primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The sensory neurons and the endothelial cells displayed distinct morphologies in presence of each other. The neurons exhibited an elevated response to capsaicin in the presence of vasculature. Concomitantly, increased transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) receptor expression was observed in the DRG neurons in presence of vascularization. Finally, we demonstrated the applicability of this platform for modeling nociception associated with tissue acidosis. While not demonstrated here, this platform could also serve as a tool to study pain resulting from vascular disorders while also paving the way towards the development of innervated microphysiological models.
Tuning of the moiré bands in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride by the periodic electrostatic gating
Authors: Lin Xianqing , Su Kelu , Ni Jun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Moiré bands separated by the primary and secondary gaps emerge in the superlattices of monolayer (MLG) and bilayer graphene (BLG) aligned with the hexagonal boron nitride (BN). We study the tuning of the electronic and transport properties of such moiré superlattices through the periodic electrostatic potentials produced by the one-dimensional (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) patterned gating structure in the devices. The electrostatic potentials in graphene are produced by the spatially varying particle and hole doping due to the local quantum capacitance effect and can be modulated by the voltage (

V

T
G

) of the top patterned gating structure and that (

V

B
G

) of the uniform bottom gate. For the 1D devices of MLG/BN and BLG/BN, different sets of Fabry–Pérot interference like resistance patterns as a function of

V

T
G

and

V

B
G

can be observed when the Fermi level is shifted from the charge neutrality point (CNP) to the secondary gaps in MLG/BN and BLG/BN, and the overlapping regions of the patterns exhibit the highest resistance. The electronic states in these various regions of the resistance map show different moiré-band hybridization and spatial distribution. The secondary resistance patterns around the secondary gaps move away from the primary one with increasing twist angle (θ) between graphene and BN and their detailed patterns also depend on the orientation of the 1D potential with respect to that of the superlattice. The 2D periodic potentials can further split the subbands between CNP and the secondary gaps, depending on the commensurability of the moiré superlattice and the 2D potentials, and additional resistance peaks appear as a function of the gate voltages. The calculated resistance map for BLG/BN at

θ
∼

1

∘

is roughly consistent with recent experimental observations.
Structural and optical investigations on ZnO-PVDF-NiO advanced polymer composites for modern electronic devices
Authors: Iqbal Tahir , Haq Khizar Ul , Irfan M , Khalil Maria , Ramay Shahid M , Ebdah M A , Saleem Murtaza 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Polymer composites are recently introduced as flexible candidates for modern electronic devices. Transition metals oxides incorporated PVDF polymer composite thin films were successfully synthesized and investigated for an optical response. The effect of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles as PVDF fillers is studied in this work. Experimentally pure and doped PVDF uniform and evenly distributed thin films were synthesized by sol-gel based spin coating method. Structural studies were carried out with x-ray diffraction analysis which reveals the sharp traces of ZnO and NiO and endorses the presence of crystalline fillers in PVDF polymer composite thin films. The Field emission scanning electron microscope was used to examine the surface morphology of prepared thin films containing a smooth, uniform distribution and compact polymer traces. Refractive index, extinction, absorption coefficient, reflectivity, optical conductivity and real epsilon were extracted using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Enhanced response of optical parameters was observed in nanoparticles containing PVDF polymer composites. The absorption coefficient seems to increase with the increment of nano-filler contents, which makes these materials suitable for photovoltaic applications. The maxima of the refractive index were recorded as 1.6 for pure PVDF and 2.1 for maximum nano-filler content with an incredible shift to higher energy values. The optical conductivity was observed to increase with the incorporation of nanoparticles in PVDF. The maximum values of real epsilon were recorded as 2.3 for pure PVDF and 3.9 for the highest nano-filler containing composition. The increasing trend of real epsilon in nano-fillers containing compositions is attributed to the enhanced polarization and storage capability of these composites. The outcomes of this work are considered that ZnO-PVDF-NiO advanced polymer composites are promising candidates for enhanced modern electronic devices.
Thyroid Disease, Hypertension, and Pregnancy: The Need for Balance Illustrated in 2 Cases
Authors: Sousa Círia , Garovic Vesna D , Stan Marius , Fervenza Fernando C , Kattah Andrea 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy has been associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and poor maternal and fetal outcomes. In this article, we describe two cases of significant thyroid dysfunction leading to new diagnoses of chronic hypertension in pregnancy and review physiologic changes in the thyroid gland, placenta and maternal cardiovascular system during pregnancy.
Culturally Informed Neuropsychological Evaluations in Pediatric Epilepsy: Evidence-Based Practice Considerations
Authors: Berrios-Siervo Gretchen M , Salinas Christine M , Bender H Allison , MacAllister William S , Vega Clemente , Boada Richard , Strutt Adriana M , MacDonald Beatriz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveEpilepsy is one of the most common reasons for referral for a pediatric neuropsychological evaluation due its high prevalence in childhood and our well-established clinical role in tertiary care settings. Emerging evidence indicates that racial and ethnic minority populations experience increased epilepsy burden compared with White peers. Although there has been heightened recognition in our specialty regarding the dire need for culturally and linguistically responsive evaluations, the scientific evidence to support effective neuropsychological service delivery for bi/multilingual and bi/multicultural youth with epilepsy is comparatively scant and of poor quality. As a result, significant patient and clinical challenges exist, particularly in high stakes presurgical pediatric epilepsy evaluations of bi/multilingual and bi/multicultural children.MethodGiven that Spanish is the most common language spoken in the United States after English, this paper will focus on Spanish and English measures, but will provide evidence-based practice considerations that can inform practices with other non-English speaking communities. Cultural and linguistic factors that affect clinical decision-making regarding test selection, test interpretation, and feedback with families are highlighted.ResultsWe offer a review of neuropsychological profiles associated with pediatric epilepsy as well as a flexible, multimodal approach for the assessment of linguistically and culturally diverse children with epilepsy based on empirical evidence and the clinical experiences of pediatric neuropsychologists from diverse backgrounds who work with children with epilepsy.ConclusionLimitations to this approach are discussed, including the lack of available measures and resources for culturally and linguistically diverse pediatric populations. A case illustration highlights a culturally informed assessment approach.
Culturally Competent Approaches for Neuropsychological Assessment for Differential Diagnosis of Dementia of Korean-Speaking Patients in the United States
Authors: York Michele K , Kim Stella H , Lee Dongwook D , Windham Victoria A , Strutt Adriana M , Stinson Jennifer M , McCauley Stephen R 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
To serve the over 1.82 million people of Korean descent who reside in the United States, we assembled a core and supplemental battery of culturally and linguistically appropriate neuropsychological measures for differential diagnosis of dementia for Korean-speaking patients.

Method
Test instruments in Korean were identified through systematic searches of PubMed and Google Scholar, US-based website searches in Korean, and in consultation with Korean-speaking cultural brokers, residing in the United States and Korea.

Results
A battery assessing cognitive domains and mood was assembled using core measures developed specifically for Korean-speaking individuals within the United States and supplemental English measures that can be administered using translated instructions and English normative data. The rationale for test selection and clinical utility, including strengths and limitations of the proposed measures, is presented. Additionally, a case illustration using the proposed battery is included.

Conclusions
Given the large and aging population of Korean-speaking residents in the United States, it is imperative to utilize appropriately designed and normed instruments to provide culturally competent assessments to better serve the Korean community.
Foundational Curriculum and Core Guidelines for Training in Latinx/a/o-Hispanic Cultural Neuropsychology Across the Lifespan
Authors: MacDonald Beatriz , Berrios-Siervo Gretchen M , Díaz-Santos Mirella , Sánchez Orlando , Suárez Paola , Diaz Ana Linda , Moss Natalia , Strutt Adriana M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
The training competency of individual and cultural diversity is an advanced, fundamental competency to health service psychology since 2015. However, there is minimal instruction on how to integrate it into training curricula in neuropsychology, especially at the postdoctoral fellowship level. Our objective was to operationalize the individual and cultural diversity standard to provide a tangible application for educational programs on how to develop a competency-based training model for Latinx/a/o-Hispanic (L/H) cultural neuropsychology across the lifespan.

Method
The knowledge-based and applied-based competencies necessary to train to be a cultural neuropsychologist delivering services to L/H patients and families are defined. For learners to complete these competencies, training programs need to implement clinical, didactic, research, and professional development core guidelines grounded in cultural neuropsychology. We provide a framework on how to transform each core guideline, including a Didactics Core with foundational readings across a range of L/H topics, and a Report Template to guide the documentation of sociocultural information, language usage, normative data, and other relevant factors in a neuropsychological report.

Conclusions
These cultural neuropsychology competencies and core guidelines need to become a basic core requirement for all neuropsychologists in training. With focused education in culturally based competencies, training programs can cultivate a sense of responsibility, inclusion, justice, and equity to train a generation of neuropsychologists, who intentionally and consistently practice socially responsible neuropsychology.
The Measurement of Acculturation in Neuropsychological Evaluations of Hispanic/Latino Individuals across the Lifespan: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Medina Luis D , Henry Samantha , Torres Stephanie , MacDonald Beatriz , Strutt Adriana M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
Acculturation has been linked to health outcomes in Hispanics/Latinos (H/Ls). However, there is equivocal evidence of a relationship between acculturation and neuropsychological outcomes. Various factors limit the ability to subject the evidence to systematic/meta-analytic review. We sought to examine the current state of the literature in the context of H/Ls and neuropsychology and describe the various limitations of measuring acculturation across the lifespan.

Method
Applying a scoping review approach, we identified unique stand-alone (e.g., questionnaires) measures of acculturation. We focused on psychometric (e.g., internal consistency) and other characteristics (e.g., language, structure/format) and description of the validation samples (e.g., cultural background/country of origin).

Results
A total of 40 unique acculturation measures were identified. Measures spanned various domains (e.g., language proficiency, food preference, music choice), and relied heavily on linguistic behavioral characteristics. Internal consistency varied from unacceptable to clinically acceptable ranges. Variable approaches to development and validation were reported. Validation samples varied from 22 to 2,048 respondents (median = 380), most of which represented a general adult population. Only eight measures were validated for use in pediatric populations; none were developed specifically for use with older adults.

Conclusions
Published measures are outdated, evidence highly variable psychometric and methodological weaknesses, and lack a lifespan perspective. Several themes in the types of items considered elemental to the acculturative process are revealed and findings are summarized via an “ABC” framework, categorizing items as antecedents, behaviors, and consequent acculturative changes, that lends itself to clinical and research settings.