bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water accounting in the Berrechid plain (Morocco): A process approach
Authors: El Meknassi Yousoufi Ehssan , Hammani Ali , Kuper Marcel , Bouarfa Sami , Vallée Domitille 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWater scarcity is a growing challenge to the governance of water resources and to multiple water uses. Dealing with water scarcity requires a better‐shared understanding of water supply and demand dynamics on the part of the different stakeholders who contribute to and/or suffer the consequences of water scarcity. This study highlights the importance of establishing a water accounting system for groundwater management in the Berrechid plain (Morocco) and the conditions under which such accounting may help solve current water issues. The plain is under considerable water stress, and stakeholders are struggling to implement aquifer management plans to ensure groundwater sustainability. The study identified and quantified various components of the water balance and estimated annual groundwater overexploitation for the period 2001–2018 to be 32 million m3. Fractional analysis of the water balance showed that the reason for aquifer water stress was a rapid increase in irrigated land and current intensive agricultural and irrigation practices, which threaten both the sustainability of water resources and economic activities in the plain. To improve water governance, a system of water accounting is required that promotes responsible use and ensures that all stakeholders are answerable and accountable for their water consumption along with any actions that may affect water flows.
Cultivating writerly virtues: Critical human elements of multimodal writing in the age of artificial intelligence
Authors: Daniel Shannon , Pacheco Mark , Smith Blaine , Burriss Sarah , Hundley Melanie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith increased availability, accessibility, and capability of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, we argue that human processes of virtuous and multimodal composition can support meaningful communication. After defining our perspectives on writerly virtue and multimodality, we suggest how writers and their instructors might approach the use of AI tools in virtuous and multimodal writing and argue that writing processes promote human development, and the products support purposeful human‐to‐human communication. We explain our views of virtuous and multimodal composition with examples of writers across contexts and provide potential implications for writerly development and writing instructors.
Unsupervised machine learning algorithms identify expected haemorrhage relationships but define unexplained coagulation profiles mapping to thrombotic phenotypes in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
Authors: Mukhtar Ghazel , Shovlin Claire L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) can result in challenging anaemia and thrombosis phenotypes. Clinical presentations of HHT vary for relatives with identical casual mutations, suggesting other factors may modify severity. To examine objectively, we developed unsupervised machine learning algorithms to test whether haematological data at presentation could be categorised into sub‐groupings and fitted to known biological factors. With ethical approval, we examined 10 complete blood count (CBC) variables, four iron index variables, four coagulation variables and eight iron/coagulation indices combined from 336 genotyped HHT patients (40% male, 60% female, 86.5% not using iron supplementation) at a single centre. T‐SNE unsupervised, dimension reduction, machine learning algorithms assigned each high‐dimensional datapoint to a location in a two‐dimensional plane. k‐Means clustering algorithms grouped into profiles, enabling visualisation and inter‐profile comparisons of patients’ clinical and genetic features. The unsupervised machine learning algorithms using t‐SNE and k‐Means identified two distinct CBC profiles, two iron profiles, four clotting profiles and three combined profiles. Validating the methodology, profiles for CBC or iron indices fitted expected patterns for haemorrhage. Distinct coagulation profiles displayed no association with age, sex, C‐reactive protein, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), ENG/ACVRL1 genotype or epistaxis severity. The most distinct profiles were from t‐SNE/k‐Means analyses of combined iron‐coagulation indices and mapped to three risk states – for venous thromboembolism in HHT; for ischaemic stroke attributed to paradoxical emboli through pulmonary AVMs in HHT; and for cerebral abscess attributed to odontogenic bacteremias in immunocompetent HHT patients with right‐to‐left shunting through pulmonary AVMs. In conclusion, unsupervised machine learning algorithms categorise HHT haematological indices into distinct, clinically relevant profiles which are independent of age, sex or HHT genotype. Further evaluation may inform prophylaxis and management for HHT patients’ haemorrhagic and thrombotic phenotypes.
Facile access to 2‐amino‐4‐aryl‐5H‐chromeno[4,3‐b]pyridine‐3‐carbonitriles through a strategy of one‐pot Michael/cyclization reaction
Authors: Wang Dao‐Cai , Chen Xi‐Xia , Liu Xiao‐Peng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn unprecedented cascade Michael/cyclization reaction of 4‐chromanone derivatives, aldehydes, and 2‐cyanothioacetamide was presented for the preparation of distinctive 2‐amino‐4‐aryl‐5H‐chromeno[4,3‐b]pyridine‐3‐carbonitriles promoted by ammonium acetate. The optimized reaction conditions were used for the synthesis of 2‐amino‐4‐aryl‐5H‐chromeno[4,3‐b]pyridine‐3‐carbonitrile derivatives in medium to high yields. The synthetic method features a convenient operational process, easy access to raw material as well as high atom economy.
Symptom profiles and vaccination status for COVID‐19 after the adjustment of the dynamic zero‐COVID policy in China: An observational study
Authors: Zhang Haoyang , Lu Zhenxing , Yang Fan , Chen Hongwei , Zhang Le , Zhao Huiying , Chen Yongkun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere has been a substantial rise in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) cases after adjusting the dynamic zero‐COVID policy in China. We conducted a survey to investigate the self‐perceived symptom profile and its association with vaccination status during this outbreak. There were 552 individuals in this survey. The infected individuals displayed various symptoms associated with different factors. The three most common symptoms were fatigue (92.21%), phlegm (91.49%), and cough (89.31%). Two typical clusters of COVID‐19 symptoms were identified through hierarchical clustering: one was the symptoms with a high probability of co‐occurrence that primarily involved the upper respiratory tract, and the other was the symptoms with a high prevalence of severe cases that affected multiple systems. Symptoms exhibited distinct across regions. Hebei Province reported the most severe respiratory symptoms, and Chongqing City reported the worst neurological and digestive symptoms. Cough and fatigue occurred together in most regions. Nevertheless, the cough severity of Zhejiang, Liaoning, and Yunnan provinces was lower than in other areas (t‐test p < 0.001). Regression analysis suggested a potential protective effect of recent vaccination on some symptoms. Compared with people who had been vaccinated within half a year, those for more than 1 year had a higher risk of developing phlegm, cough, vertigo, and nausea (all p < 0.05). Our study illustrated the characteristics and symptom profiles of COVID‐19 during this wave and provided data supporting its relationship with multiple factors. These findings offered new insights into the recent COVID‐19 pandemic in China.
Upsurge in hospitalization of pediatric patients with severe acute respiratory infections in Kolkata and surrounding districts caused by recombinant human respiratory adenovirus type B 7/3
Authors: Majumdar Agniva , Saha Ritubrita , Chatterjee Ananya , Gupta Rudrak , Chaudhuri Ratul Datta , Chakrabarti Alok Kumar , Chawla‐Sarkar Mamta , Dutta Shanta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobally, different genotypes of human adenoviruses are associated with outbreaks of acute respiratory infection (ARI) though such evidence is lacking from India. In the present study, we report a sudden increase in the positivity of respiratory adenovirus among hospitalized children with ARI from Kolkata and the surrounding districts of West Bengal, India, from December 2022 to date. A sharp rise in the positivity rate of respiratory adenovirus was found which ranged from 22.1% in early December 2022 to 52.6% in mid‐March 2023. The overall positivity was 40.4% during the period and children in the 2 to <5 years (51.0%) age group were mostly affected. Single infection with adenovirus was found in 72.4% of cases while co‐infection with rhinovirus was the maximum (9.4%). Around 97.5% of positive cases required hospitalization. Cough, breathlessness, and wheeze were the most common clinical features among positive patients. Phylogenetic analysis of the hexon and fiber gene of all the sequenced strains revealed HAdV‐B 7/3 recombination with more than 99% homology within themselves. This report of a respiratory adenovirus outbreak in West Bengal, India causing severe illness in the pediatric population underscores the need for regular monitoring of the circulating strains.
Estimating true prevalence through questionnaire data
Authors: Mielke Adam , Denwood Matt , Christiansen Lasse Engbo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present a general analytical method for obtaining unbiased prevalence estimates based on data from regional or national testing programs, where individual participation in the testing program is voluntary but where additional questionnaire data is collected regarding the individual‐level reason/motivation for being tested. The approach is based on re‐writing the conditional probabilities for being tested, being infected, and having symptoms, so that a series of equations can be defined that relate estimable quantities (from test data and questionnaire data) to the result of interest (an unbiased estimate of prevalence). The final estimates appear to be robust based on prima‐facie examination of the temporal dynamics estimated, as well as agreement with an independent estimate of prevalence. Our approach demonstrates the potential strength of incorporating questionnaires when testing a population during an outbreak, and can be used to help obtain unbiased estimates of prevalence in similar settings.
Severe soft tissue infection: A complication of mpox in an individual with HIV coinfection requiring vaccinia intravenous immunoglobulin and intravenous tecovirimat
Authors: Mahtani Arun Umesh , Seelam Harshashree , Padda Inderbir , Mahmoud Mahmoud , D. Cuomo Joseph , Khalil Beshoy W. , Haider Muhammad , Khalil Ambreen , Elemam Azza , Nfonoyim Jay 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe highlight a case of a 38‐year‐old immunocompromised man with untreated human immunodeficiency virus and Hepatitis C who presented with progressive soft tissue infection of the right foot despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. While he was admitted, the patient disclosed a recent diagnosis of mpox treated with oral tecovirimat. He subsequently developed worsening lesions over his entire body. In addition, a polymerase chain reaction of the wound on the right foot was positive for mpox virus, and the patient improved on treatment with intravenous tecovirimat and vaccinia immunoglobulin.
Advancing the association for humanistic counseling principles through the serious leisure perspective
Authors: Dieser Rodney B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe serious leisure perspective (SLP) aligns with humanistic counseling principles. A most significant professional implication is that humanistic counselors can create optimal leisure lifestyle strategies linked to the AHC principles of discovering meaning and purpose, developing deep connections with people and nature, moving toward growth and change, maintaining a holistic approach to humanity, and developing creativity. Future research implications and practical steps that humanistic counselors can use in professional practice to connect the SLP to humanistic counseling principles are elucidated.
Kenward‐Roger–type corrections for inference methods of network meta‐analysis and meta‐regression
Authors: Noma Hisashi , Hamura Yasuyuki , Gosho Masahiko , Furukawa Toshi A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNetwork meta‐analysis has been an essential methodology of systematic reviews for comparative effectiveness research. The restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method is one of the current standard inference methods for multivariate, contrast‐based meta‐analysis models, but recent studies have revealed the resultant confidence intervals of average treatment effect parameters in random‐effects models can seriously underestimate statistical errors; that is, the actual coverage probability of a true parameter cannot retain the nominal level (e.g., 95%). In this article, we provided improved inference methods for the network meta‐analysis and meta‐regression models using higher‐order asymptotic approximations based on the approach of Kenward and Roger (Biometrics 1997;53:983–997). We provided two corrected covariance matrix estimators for the REML estimator and improved approximations for its sample distribution using a t‐distribution with adequate degrees of freedom. All of the proposed procedures can be implemented using only simple matrix calculations. In simulation studies under various settings, the REML‐based Wald‐type confidence intervals seriously underestimated the statistical errors, especially in cases of small numbers of trials meta‐analyzed. By contrast, the proposed Kenward‐Roger–type inference methods consistently showed accurate coverage properties under all the settings considered in our experiments. We also illustrated the effectiveness of the proposed methods through applications to two real network meta‐analysis datasets.
Population adjusted‐indirect comparisons in health technology assessment: A methodological systematic review
Authors: Truong Bang , Tran Lan‐Anh T. , Le Tuan Anh , Pham Thi Thu , Vo Tat‐Thang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn health technology assessment (HTA), population‐adjusted indirect comparisons (PAICs) are increasingly considered to adjust for the difference in the target population between studies. We aim to assess the conduct and reporting of PAICs in recent HTA practice, by performing, a methodological systematic review of studies implementing PAICs from PubMed, EMBASE Classic, Embase/Ovid Medline All, and Cochrane databases from January 1, 2010 to Feb 13, 2023. Four independent researchers screened the titles, abstracts, and full‐texts of the identified records, then extracted data on methodological and reporting characteristics of 106 eligible articles. Most PAIC analyses (96.9%, n = 157) were conducted by (or received funding from) pharmaceutical companies. Prior to adjustment, 44.5% of analyses (n = 72) (partially) aligned the eligibility criteria of different studies to enhance the similarity of their target populations. In 37.0% of analyses (n = 60), the clinical and methodological heterogeneity across studies were extensively assessed. In 9.3% of analyses (n = 15), the quality (or bias) of individual studies was evaluated. Among 18 analyses using methods that required an outcome model specification, results of the model fitting procedure were adequately reported in three analyses (16.7%). These findings suggest that the conduct and reporting of PAICs are remarkably heterogeneous and suboptimal in current practice. More recommendations and guidelines on PAICs are thus warranted to enhance the quality of these analyses in the future.
Identification of regionalmarkers based on the flavor molecular matrix analysis of sauce‐aroma style baijiu
Authors: Huang He , Wu Yashuai , Chen Hao , Hou Yaxin , Wang Junshan , Hong Jiaxin , Zhao Dongrui , Sun Jinyuan , Huang Mingquan , Sun Baoguo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBaijiu is a very complex system and its flavor substances are endogenous, influenced by raw materials, starter, production process, production region and other factors. The production region directly affects the composition of flavor substances and quality of baijiu. However, identification of baijiu region is challenging because the corresponding relationship between the production region and baijiu quality is not clear, and the identification of regionalmarkers is indeterminate. In this study, the differences in volatile components of sauce‐aroma style baijiu from four representative regions were investigated.ResultsA total of 94 volatile compounds were identified in samples tested. Additionally, it was verified that 35 potential flavor substances had important contributions to the aroma of sauce‐aroma style baijiu. Meanwhile, nine potential regionalmarkers were screened through multivariate analysis. Further, based on distribution of volatile compounds and the results of sensory evaluation combined with multivariate analysis, a molecular matrix and correlation network were established according to the results of addition experiments, which showed that six substances had a significant impact on the flavor of the tested samples.ConclusionSix key flavor substances (ethyl octanoate, ethyl 2‐methylpropanoate, propyl acetate, ethyl heptanoate, 2‐nonanone and butyl hexanoate) were considered as important regionalmarkers to effectively identify the production region of sauce‐aroma style baijiu. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Targeted Delivery of Anticancer Drug Loaded Charged PLGA Polymeric Nanoparticles Using Electrostatic Field
Authors: Miraghaie Seyyed Hossein , Zandi Ashkan , Davari Zahra , Mousavi‐kiasary Mohamad Sadegh , Saghafi Zohre , Gilani Ali , Kordehlachin Yasin , Shojaeian Fatemeh , Mamdouh Amir , Heydari Zahra , Dorkoosh Farid Abedin , Kaffashi Babak , Abdolahad Mohammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPure positive electrostatic charges (PPECs) show suppressive effect on the proliferation and metabolism of invasive cancer cells without affecting normal tissues. PPECs are used for the delivery of drug‐loaded polymeric nanoparticles (DLNs) capped with negatively charged poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) and Poly(vinyl‐alcohol) PVA into the tumor site of mouse models. The charged patch is installed on top of the skin in the mouse models' tumor region, and the controlled selective release of the drug is assayed by biochemical, radiological, and histological experiments on both tumorized models and normal rats' livers. It is found that DLNs synthesized by PLGA show great attraction to PPECs due to their stable negative charges, which would not degrade immediately in blood. The burst and drug release after less than 48h of this synthesized DLNs are 10% and 50%, respectively. These compounds can deliver the loaded‐drug into the tumor site with the assistance of PPECs, and the targeted‐retarded release will take place. Hence, local therapy can be achieved with much lower drug concentration (conventional chemotherapy [2 mg kg−1] versus DLNs‐based chemotherapy [0.75 mg kg−1]) with negligible side effects in non‐targeted organs. PPECs have many potential clinical applications for advanced‐targeted chemotherapy with the lowest discernible side effects.
A footnote to a theorem of Kawamata
Authors: Mendes Lopes Margarida , Pardini Rita , Tirabassi Sofia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKawamata has shown that the quasi‐Albanese map of a quasi‐projective variety with log‐irregularity equal to the dimension and log‐Kodaira dimension 0 is birational. In this note, we show that under these hypotheses the quasi‐Albanese map is proper in codimension 1 as conjectured by Iitaka.
The validity study of a channel‐based demand estimation ANP model
Authors: Salmani Yasamin , Partovi Fariborz Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper suggests a solution for validating an ANP model in multi‐channel retailing proposed by Salmani et al. (2018) through its application in the pet consumables industry. The purpose of the proposed ANP model is to develop a measurement for estimating the demand proportion attributed to each established sales channel. Utilizing an ANP model, channel selection customer criteria as well as the interrelations between channel structures in a multi‐channel setting are quantified. This paper applies a survey‐based study to collect data from random pet consumable customers. Using a compatibility measurement, per‐channel proportions of demand found by ANP are compared with actual data to examine the validity of the proposed model. The results of this study demonstrated the validity of the proposed ANP model applied in the pet consumables industry.
Does green credit financing mode with cap‐and‐trade scheme really benefit all members?
Authors: Ma Junhai , Liu Yuxin , Geng Liyan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere is a never‐ending debate about whether the cap‐and‐trade mechanism is a valid means of achieving carbon reduction. In this study, we examine it from the perspective of supply chain financing, as the cap‐and‐trade scheme appears to be an excellent solution to avoid the carbon emission requirements imposed by green credit financing services. We develop a theoretical framework for comparing three distinct kinds of financing modes: bank credit financing, green credit financing, and green credit financing with a cap‐and‐trade scheme. Based on Stackelberg game with stochastic demand, we then derive optimal outputs for the manufacturer and wholesale prices for the supplier. Counterintuitively, the green credit financing mode is less profitable for manufacturers with low investment in clean production due to stringent carbon emission requirements, yet it is advantageous for the supplier through a higher wholesale price. Conversely, the green credit financing combined with cap‐and‐trade scheme will result in a different situation in which the manufacturer will benefit from the green credit's lower interest rate, but the cap‐and‐trade mechanism will diminish the supplier's power in the Stackelberg game and reduce her profits. Finally, from the perspective of social welfare, the green credit financing mode with cap‐and‐trade scheme will not always benefit for the whole society. Even though it can improve the profit of the manufacturer and consumer surplus, it may lead to higher carbon emission and reduce profits of the supplier when the investment in clean production technology is limited.
Portfolio structures: Can they contribute to solving the low‐risk puzzle?
Authors: Hiller Tobias 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article expands on previous studies of the so‐called low‐risk puzzle with concepts from cooperative game theory. To allocate portfolio risk to single assets, previous studies used concepts such as the Shapley value. In these concepts, the marginal contributions of assets to risks of subsets of the portfolio are used to allocate portfolio risk to assets. In this article, beyond the marginal contributions, a structure on a set of assets is considered in the allocation of portfolio risk. This structure can model the branch, firm size or the region of the assets. Specifically, the Myerson value and the Spectrum value of cooperative game theory are applied. We show the application by means of a simulation study. In this context, considering an additional structure could enhance the analysis of the so‐called low‐risk puzzle.