bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status of underutilized crop production: Its potentials for mitigating food insecurity
Authors: Adelabu Dolapo B. , Franke Angelinus C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlobally, the gap between the production of nutritious quality crops and their consumption is widening, resulting in high rates of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. Our goal is to examine the rich tapestry of studies on underutilized crops (UUCs) and consider their potential role in alleviating food and nutritional insecurity. Published research articles on UUC were retrieved from databases, such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The key terms used were “UUC,” “neglected crops,” and lists of UUC, which were frequently cited in literature. A bibliometric innovative approach, such as reference co‐citation, co‐citation, and co‐word analysis, was used. We observed an annual growth rate of 6.4% in UUC research outputs with the number of annual publications increasing from less than 700 article publications in 2000–3000 article publications in 2021. It is also developing into a noticeably interdisciplinary research field with more collaborations and institutional affiliations. The most relevant affiliated countries in UUC‐related studies are developed and transition countries, such as the United States of America, China, India, the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia, and Germany. The pressing and emerging research studies in UUC‐related studies are genetic diversity and identification, agronomic knowledge, seed improvement, and environmental stresses. There is a shift in the focus of UUC studies, which provides a deeper understanding of the global trends and directions that have evolved in UUC studies over the past two decades. This result provides researchers and policymakers in the field of UUC with a useful tool for decision‐making on UUC.
Unmasking the challenges of Kabuki syndrome in adulthood: A case series
Authors: Priestley Jessica R. C. , Rippert Alyssa L. , Condit Courtney , Izumi Kosuke , Kallish Staci , Drivas Theodore G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKabuki syndrome is a recognizable Mendelian disorder characterized by the clinical constellation of childhood hypotonia, developmental delay or intellectual impairment, and characteristic dysmorphism resulting from monoallelic pathogenic variants in KMT2D or KDM6A. In the medical literature, most reported patients are children, and data is lacking on the natural history of the condition across the lifespan, with little known about adult‐specific presentations and symptoms. Here, we report the results of a retrospective chart review of eight adult patients with Kabuki syndrome, seven of whom are molecularly confirmed. We use their trajectories to highlight the diagnostic challenges unique to an adult population, expand on neurodevelopmental/psychiatric phenotypes across the lifespan, and describe adult‐onset medical complications, including a potential cancer risk and unusual and striking premature/accelerated aging phenotype.
Higher Flavor Symmetries in the Standard Model
Authors: Córdova Clay , Koren Seth 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA study of the generalized global flavor symmetries of the Standard Model is initiated. The presence of nonzero triangle diagrams between the U(3)5 flavor currents and the hypercharge current intertwines them in the form of a higher‐group which mixes the zero‐form flavor symmetries with the one‐form magnetic hypercharge symmetry. This higher symmetry structure greatly restricts the possible flavor symmetries that may remain unbroken in any ultraviolet completion that includes magnetic monopoles. In the context of unification, this implies tight constraints on the combinations of fermion species which may be joined into multiplets. Three of four elementary possibilities are reflected in the classic unification models of Georgi–Glashow, , and Pati–Salam. The final pattern is realized non‐trivially in trinification, which exhibits the sense in which Standard Model Yukawa couplings which violate these flavor symmetries may be thought of as spurions of the higher‐group. Such modifications of the ultraviolet flavor symmetries are possible only if new vector‐like matter is introduced with masses suppressed from the unification scale by the Yukawa couplings.
Study on water absorption of hydrophobically modified ramie fiber and the reinforced polypropylene composites
Authors: Kang Feng , Han Hongchang , Wang Haifeng , He Dongtang , Zhou Ming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo study the effects of fiber surface hydrophobicity on water absorption of composites, ramie fiber was hydrophobically modified with polydopamine/octadecylamine and then used to reinforce polypropylene. The fiber modification was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrometry, contact angle, and water absorption. The mechanical properties and water absorption of the composites were also characterized. The results indicated that polydopamine/octadecylamine was successfully grafted onto the fiber surface. With the increase of octadecylamine concentration, the fiber surface became more and more hydrophobic, and its contact angle achieved a maximum of 118 ± 2.97° when octadecylamine concentration was 8 g/L. However, the modified fiber remained a high level of saturated water absorption of 6.53% ± 0.09%. For composites, when the octadecylamine concentration was 0.5 g/L, its water absorption showed the lowest value of 1.81% ± 0.09%. With more octadecylamine was grafted onto the fiber, the water absorption did not decrease continuously but showed a small growth peak. It is concluded that water absorption of composites is greatly affected by water absorption of fiber. The surface hydrophobic modification on fiber is beneficial to improve its surface hydrophobicity and inhibit the interfacial water absorption between fiber and matrix. However, it fails to the improve internal hydrophobicity of the fiber, nor does it inhibit the fiber in composites from absorbing water.
Status of the science instruments and their detector plans at the giant magellan telescope
Authors: Rahmer Gustavo A. , Millan‐Gabet Rafael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present a description and status of the first‐generation science instruments for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT), and the current plans for their scientific detectors. The first‐generation suite includes two visible (G‐CLEF and GMACS) and two infrared (GMTNIRS and GMTIFS) instruments, which will deliver data from wide‐band imaging to R 200,000 spectroscopy, with a combined spectral coverage from 300 nm to 5 m. All four instruments are designed for use with diffraction‐limited or ground‐layer adaptive optics modes. G‐CLEF is already in fabrication, while the other three are still in preliminary design. The first‐generation suite also includes a robotic fiber‐feed system called MANIFEST, which enables spectroscopy on objects anywhere in the 20 arcmin field of view of the telescope with custom fibers for G‐CLEF and GMACS. An additional facility instrument, GMagAO‐X, is being developed to provide high‐contrast imaging at visible and near‐infrared wavelengths. We also discuss the cameras that will be used for alignment, verification, and commissioning of the active and adaptive optics modes of the telescope and enable early science activities: ComCam and AOTC.
Decellularized periosteum promotes guided bone regeneration via manipulation of macrophage polarization
Authors: Li Jiayang , He Dongming , Hu Longwei , Li Siyi , Zhang Chenping , Yin Xuelai , Zhang Zhen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeriosteum has shown potential as an effective barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration (GBR). However, if recognized as a “foreign body,” insertion of a barrier membrane in GBR treatment will inevitably alter the local immune microenvironment and subsequently influence bone regeneration. The aim of this investigation was to fabricate decellularized periosteum (DP) and investigate its immunomodulatory properties in GBR. DP was successfully fabricated from periosteum from the mini‐pig cranium. In vitro experiments indicated that the DP scaffold modulated macrophage polarization toward a pro‐regenerative M2 phenotype, which in turn facilitated migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells. A rat GBR model with a cranial critical‐size defect was established, and our in vivo experiment confirmed the beneficial effects of DP on the local immune microenvironment and bone regeneration. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate that the prepared DP possesses immunomodulatory properties and represents a promising barrier membrane for GBR procedures.
A bioengineered pseudovirus nanoparticle displaying SARS‐CoV 2 RBD fully protects mice from mortality and weight loss caused by SARS‐CoV 2 challenge
Authors: Xia Ming , López Krisangel , Vago Frank S. , Huang Pengwei , Auguste Dawn I. , Jiang Wen , Auguste Albert J. , Tan Ming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has caused considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although authorized COVID‐19 vaccines have been shown highly effective, their significantly lower efficacy against heterologous variants, and the rapid decrease of vaccine‐elicited immunity raises serious concerns, calling for improved vaccine tactics. To this end, a pseudovirus nanoparticle (PVNP) displaying the receptor binding domains (RBDs) of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike, named S‐RBD, was generated and shown it as a promising COVID‐19 vaccine candidate. The S‐RBD PVNP was produced using both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. A 3D structural model of the S‐RBD PVNPs was built based on the known structures of the S60 particle and RBDs, revealing an S60 particle‐based icosahedral symmetry with multiple surface‐displayed RBDs that retain authentic conformations and receptor‐binding functions. The PVNP is highly immunogenic, eliciting high titers of RBD‐specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies in mice. The S‐RBD PVNP demonstrated exceptional protective efficacy, and fully (100%) protected K18‐hACE2 mice from mortality and weight loss after a lethal SARS‐CoV‐2 challenge, supporting the S‐RBD PVNPs as a potent COVID‐19 vaccine candidate. By contrast, a PVNP displaying the N‐terminal domain (NTD) of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike exhibited only 50% protective efficacy. Since the RBD antigens of our PVNP vaccine are adjustable as needed to address the emergence of future variants, and various S‐RBD PVNPs can be combined as a cocktail vaccine for broad efficacy, these non‐replicating PVNPs offer a flexible platform for a safe, effective COVID‐19 vaccine with minimal manufacturing cost and time.
Comparison of traditional essay questions versus case based modified essay questions in biochemistry
Authors: Bansal Aastha , Dubey Abhishek , Singh Vijay Kumar , Goswami Binita , Kaushik Smita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdult learning involves the analysis and synthesis of knowledge to become competent, which cannot be assessed only by traditional assessment tool and didactic learning methods. Stimulation of higher domains of cognitive learning needs to be inculcated to reach a better understanding of the subject rather than traditional assessment tools that relies primarily on rote learning. So, there is need for an alternative assessment tool. Hence, we conducted a study where we used case‐based examination methodology. This study was conducted on 226 Ist year MBBS students in Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi (India). Based on their compiled internal assessment marks according to monthly formative assessment, students were categorized into 3 groups (I: 0–7; II: 8–14; III: 15–20) marks out of 20 marks respectively. Two sets of question papers were set by three examiners, on the same topics carrying 50 marks each. The first set was based on traditional assessment tool (Paper‐A) with recall questions and second set on case‐based assessment method (Paper‐B). Out of 226 students, 146 were males and 80 were females. For all groups, marks (mean ± SD) in Paper B were found to be higher (18.40 ± 4.29, 30.01 ± 4.12, and 40.33 ± 1.15) as compared to paper A (10.88 ± 4.34, 21.96 ± 7.34, and 31.50 ± 6.94) respectively. However, we found that there was significant (p < 0.001) difference in group I & II, whereas with group III, difference was found to be insignificant. Hence, we concluded that students performed better in case‐based assessment rather than traditional method due to their direct involvement. Thus, for better memory and deeper learning the subjects can be assessed by case‐based assessment method.
New Benzopyrrole Derivatives: Synthesis and Appraisal of Their Potential as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Nandurkar Deweshri , Menghani Sunil , Danao Kishor , Rokde Vijayshri , Rarokar Nilesh , Khedekar Pramod , Mana Supriya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA series of twenty compounds (23–42) were synthesized and characterized by spectral studies in order to explore newer antimicrobial compounds. The majority of the synthesized compounds reported significant antimicrobial properties against various pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains with the help of tube dilution method. Significant activities (MIC ranging from 3.9 to 15.62 μg/ml) have been shown against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria with. In contrast, moderate to outstanding antibacterial activity was reported versus Gram‐negative bacteria such as E. coli and P. aeruginosa along with Gram‐positive bacteria such as S. aureus and B. subtilis. While antifungal activity was moderate to excellent against two fungus strains (Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata). Compounds 25 and 34 had the utmost activity versus Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria too. The antifungal activity of compound 35 was comparable to that of standard. In‐silico Molecular docking evaluations were performed for antibacterial and antifungal activities against the target DNA gyrase A (PDB: 1AB4) and 14 alpha‐sterol demethylase enzyme (PDB: 1EA1), respectively. The dock score for typicals compounds for antibacterial and antifungal activity were −4.733 and −9.4, respectively. The three‐dimensional QSAR examination was carried out by multiple linear regression (SA‐MLR) with good predictive power (r2=0.9105, q2=0.8011). Establishment of several interactions between the ligand 25 and 34 and the active site of residue of both receptors, enable the ligand 25 and 34 to be fit well in the pocket of the active site, as seen in Molecular dynamics simulations analysis. Thus, data suggest that these ligands could be further explored as potential precursors to develop antimicrobial drugs.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of dyevert™ Power XT in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention procedures in Spain
Authors: López‐Mínguez Jose R. , Martín de Francisco A. L. , Soler M. J. , Hernández Felipe , Moreno Raul , Pinar Eduardo , Sampedro A. , Mareque M. , Oyagüez I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the efficiency of Dyevert™ Power XT compared to the standard clinical practice when used for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).MethodsA Markov model was developed to estimate, over 3‐month cycles and a lifetime time horizon, the cumulative costs and health outcomes (life years gained [LYG] and quality‐adjusted life years [QALY]) in a hypothetical cohort of 1,000 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) 3b‐4 and an average age of 72 years. The incidence of contrast‐induced acute kidney injury for these patients is 18.89% in routine practice and 7.78% with Dyevert. QALYs were estimated by applying utilities by health state. Transitions between states and utilities were obtained from the literature. Overall all‐cause and state‐specific mortality were considered. The total cost (€2,022) estimated with the National Health System perspective included cost of the procedure and of CKD management. The parameters were validated by a panel of experts. A discount rate (3% per year) was applied to costs and outcomes.ResultsThe use of Dyevert yielded more health benefits (34.60 LYG and 5.69 QALYs) compared to the current standard practice (33.11 LYG and 5.38 QALYs). Lifetime cost accumulated at the end of the simulation resulted €30,211/patient with Dyevert and €33,895/patient with current standard clinical practice.ConclusionsThe use of Dyevert™ Power XT resulted dominant option, due to its higher effectiveness and lower cost as compared to standard clinical practice and, therefore, a preferred option in patients with CKD stages 3b‐4 undergoing PCI in Spain.
Acute obstructive fungus ball pyelonephritis with Candida parapsilosis: A case report
Authors: Radinasoa Rajo Païdia , Andrianiaina Armel Mamihaja , Randriamamizoly Haingotiana , Andrianarivony Luck Franscisca Adrien , Randriamarotia Harilalaina Willy Franck , Vololontiana Hanta Marie Danielle 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageFungal lithiasis is a rare but serious complication of candiduria. Frequent use of broad‐spectrum antibiotics is a contributing factor in predisposed subjects. Two CBEUs are required to confirm the diagnosis of candiduria. Anti‐fungal is found effective to eradicate the fungus ball besides surgery.AbstractLithiasis by fungus ball is a serious complication of candiduria. Our case was a 58‐year‐old man who presented an acute obstructive pyelonephritis. Ultrasound revealed a left ureteral lithiasis. Biological examination revealed Candida parapsilosis. Antifungal was effective with good evolution. Broad‐spectrum antibiotic therapy is one favoring factor.
A clinical case of identical twins with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, primary empty sella syndrome and identified rare CHD7 gene variant
Authors: Petrov Sava , Babadzhanova Ekaterina , Orbetzova Maria , Ivanov Hristo 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageEmpty sella syndrome is a complex syndrome with a diverse clinical presentation. The combination with functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a real challenge for the clinician. Mutations in the CHD7 gene could be a possible, yet unproven, cause of “empty sella” syndrome. Patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism should be examined for possible CHD7 mutations, even if they do not have any CHARGE syndrome characteristics.AbstractEmpty sella is an anatomo‐radiological finding characterized by arachnoid herniation into the sellar fossa with reduction of pituitary volume and/or pituitary stalk compression). We report a clinical case of 35‐year‐old identical male twins, admitted to the clinic of endocrinology and metabolic diseases with history of infertility, hormonal constellation of hyposomatotropism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The patients presented with hyposmia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hypothalamic–pituitary region revealed the presence of partial empty sella. CHD7 gene variant was observed on genetic testing. CHD7 gene mutation was considered as a possible reason for the presence of central hypogonadism and yet unproven genetic cause of “empty sella” syndrome.
Papillary squamotransitional cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: A rare case report
Authors: Arab Maliheh , Pirastehfar Zanbagh , Afshar Moghaddam Noushin , Raoufi Masoomeh 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageAlthough papillary squamotransitional cell carcinoma is an uncommon variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, due to the complex papillary structure and the challenge in detecting stromal invasion, its timely diagnosis and treatment are very important.AbstractPapillary squamotransitional cell carcinoma (PSTCC) is extremely rare and presents with a spectrum of morphologies. PSTCC may present as an in situ tumor with or without an invasion, but usually, it displays both features. Here we report a 60‐year‐old woman, diagnosed with PSTCC of the uterine cervix.
Management of hemorrhagic pleural effusion with intrapleural streptokinase in a patient on peritoneal dialysis and dual antiplatelet therapy
Authors: Thapaliya Abhisek , Bhattarai Urza , Gautam Arun , Dhakal Deepak , Shah Bhupendra , Sharma Sanjib K. 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageIntrapleural streptokinase can be an option for loculated hemorrhagic pleural effusion among patients receiving CAPD and under DAPT. Its use can be individualized based on risk benefit analysis by the treating clinician.AbstractPleural effusion is seen in up to 10 percent of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). A hemorrhagic pleural effusion is a diagnostic dilemma and a therapeutic challenge. We report a complicated case of 67 years old man with end stage renal disease, with coronary artery disease and stent in situ under dual antiplatelet therapy and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The patient presented with left‐sided loculated hemorrhagic pleural effusion. He was managed with intrapleural streptokinase therapy. His loculated effusion resolved without any local and systemic bleeding manifestations. Therefore, in poor resource settings, Intrapleural streptokinase can be an option for loculated hemorrhagic pleural effusion among patients receiving CAPD and under DAPT. Its use can be individualized based on risk benefit analysis by the treating clinician.
Sympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema following pacemaker insertion
Authors: Mohammed Ibtehal Othman Hussain , Swed Sarya , Ezzdean Weaam , Almoshantaf Mohammad Badr , Shebli Baraa , Sawaf Bisher , Hamoda Abutalib Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageSympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema (SCAPE) complicating pacemaker implantation is a very uncommon and dangerous occurrence. Following pacemaker implantation, patients need stringent monitoring, and compelling evidence about SCAPE treatment is required.AbstractSympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema complicating a pacemaker insertion as the case in our patient is extremely rare. We report a case of 75‐year‐old man with a complete AV block, which requires urgent pacemaker implantation. Half an hour following the insertion of the pacemaker, an abrupt SCAPE emerged and the patient was incubated immediately.
Adrenal insufficiency as a rare manifestation of secondary antiphospholipid syndrome: A pediatric case report and review of articles
Authors: Ilkhanipoor Homa , Hajiani Ghotbabadi Shabnam , Barzegar Hamide , Sedaghat Atefeh 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageAdrenal insufficiency is a rare, important manifestation of secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in pediatrics. In the presence of hematologic disorders such as thrombosis, we should consider APS.AbstractAdrenal insufficiency can rarely occur in the context of vascular disorders and thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. There are few case reports in pediatrics. Here, we present a pediatric case—the first pediatric case report in Iran—and review articles in this age group.
Crepitus following a dog bite
Authors: Seyoum Kenbon , Mesfin Telila , Debele Gosaye , Bekele Kebebe , Chimdesa Bekele , Kebe Debela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCrepitus following an animal bite is a rare case. We report a case of a 20‐year‐old man who presented to the surgical emergency department 1 h after being bitten by a medium‐sized pet dog.