bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic cough in postmenopausal women and its associations to climacteric symptoms
Authors: Ziller Volker , Oppermann Thea Sophie , Cassel Werner , Hildebrandt Olaf , Kroidl Rolf F. , Koehler Ulrich 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Postmenopausal women often have chronic cough. Hormonal changes might be affecting lung function and the mucous membrane of the airways, causing hypersensitivity of the cough reflex. Therefore, postmenopausal hormonal changes could play a key role in the association between increased cough and menopause. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relation of chronic cough and postmenopausal symptoms.

Methods
We performed a questionnaire-based cohort study in generally healthy postmenopausal women (age 45–65 years). Women with cough explained by a pre-existing diagnosis were excluded. Comorbidities, medication and baseline data were collected. The Menopause Rating Scale II (MRS II) was combined with the Leicester Cough Questionnaire. Groups were divided in chronic cough versus non-coughing participants, chronic cough was defined as symptoms over 8 weeks. We performed correlations and logistic regression for predicting cough based on postmenopausal symptoms.

Results
Sixty-six of 200 women (33%) reported symptoms of chronic cough over 8 weeks. No significant differences in baseline data (age, BMI, onset of menopause, years since menopause, concomitant diseases, and medication) were found between coughing and non-coughing women. The MRS II showed higher menopausal symptoms in patients with cough, with significant differences in 2 of the 3 MRS-domains (urogenital (p < 0.001) and somato-vegetative (p < 0.001)). Climacteric symptoms correlated strongly with parameters of cough (p < 0.001). On the basis of the MRS total score (p < 0.001) and the somato-vegetative and urogenital domains (p < 0.05), the prediction for respiratory complaints could be shown.

Discussion
Chronic cough was significantly associated with menopausal symptoms. Therefore chronic cough as a possible climacteric symptom and its underlying mechanisms should be further explored.
Need assessment for the content of educational programs about breast cancer from the viewpoint of unaffected women
Authors: Alipour Sadaf , Orouji Marzieh , Eskandari Yas , Eskandari Amirhossein 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females, and early diagnosis is possible in case the patients seek medical attention on time. For this to come true, they must know about the existence and risks of the disease and be aware of the appropriate attitude and actions toward prevention or early diagnosis. However, we see that women have unanswered questions about these issues. In this study, we sought to investigate healthy women’s information needs about breast cancer from their own perspective.

Methods
This prospective study was carried out by using the maximum variation sampling, and theoretical saturation to reach sample saturation. Women who came to different clinics of Arash Women’s Hospital (except the Breast Clinic) during two months were entered in the study. Participants were asked to write down all the questions and subjects they would like to be explained in a breast cancer educational program. The questions were reviewed and categorized after every fifteen consecutive forms were filled until there was not even one new question. Afterwards, all the questions were reviewed and matched based on their similarity and repeated items were eliminated. Finally, questions were organized according to their common topics and the range of details they comprised.

Results
Sixty patients were included in the study, and 194 questions were gathered and categorized according to common scientific terms, resulting in 63 questions in 5 categories.

Conclusions
Many studies have been conducted on breast cancer education, but none have addressed healthy women's personal queries. This study outlines the questions of unaffected women about breast cancer that need to be addressed in educational programs. The results can be used for development of educational material at community level.
Trial registration: This study was conducted as the preliminary phase of a study approved in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Approval Code 99-1-101-46,455) and by the Ethics Committee of the University (Ethical Code IR.TUMS.MEDICINE.REC.1399.105).
Circulating levels of micronutrients and risk of infections: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Flatby Helene M. , Ravi Anuradha , Damås Jan K. , Solligård Erik , Rogne Tormod 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Micronutrients play an essential role at every stage of the immune response, and deficiencies can therefore lead to increased susceptibility to infections. Previous observational studies and randomized controlled trials of micronutrients and infections are limited. We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to evaluate the effect of blood levels of eight micronutrients (copper, iron, selenium, zinc, beta-carotene, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin D) on the risk of three infections (gastrointestinal infections, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections).

Methods
Two-sample MR was conducted using publicly available summary statistics from independent cohorts of European ancestry. For the three infections, we used data from UK Biobank and FinnGen. Inverse variance-weighted MR analyses were performed, together with a range of sensitivity analyses. The threshold for statistical significance was set at P < 2.08E−03.

Results
We found a significant association between circulating levels of copper and risk of gastrointestinal infections, where a one standard deviation increase in blood levels of copper was associated with an odds ratio of gastrointestinal infections of 0.91 (95% confidence interval 0.87 to 0.97, P = 1.38E−03). This finding was robust in extensive sensitivity analyses. There was no clear association between the other micronutrients and the risk of infection.

Conclusions
Our results strongly support a role of copper in the susceptibility to gastrointestinal infections.
Dose response relationship between food insecurity and quality of life in United States adults: 2016–2017
Authors: Bhandari Sanjay , Campbell Jennifer A. , Walker Rebekah J. , Thorgerson Abigail , Dawson Aprill Z. , Egede Leonard E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Food insecurity is associated with worse general health rating, but little research exists investigating whether there is a dose response relationship across levels of food security and mental and physical health domains at the population level.

Methods
Data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2016–2017) with US adults aged 18 years and older was used. The physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) of Quality of Life, served as the outcome measures. Four categories of food insecurity (high, marginal, low, very low food security) served as the primary independent variable. Linear regression was used to run unadjusted followed by adjusted models. Separate models were run for PCS and MCS.

Results
In a sample of US adults, 16.1% reported some degree of food insecurity. For PCS, marginal (β = − 2.54 (p < 0.001), low (β = − 3.41, (p < 0.001), and very low (β = − 5.62, (p < 0.001) food security was associated with worse PCS scores, compared to adults with high food security. For MCS, marginal (β = − 3.90 (p < 0.001), low (β = − 4.79, (p < 0.001), and very low (β = − 9.72, (p < 0.001) food security was associated with worse MCS scores, compared to adults with high food security.

Conclusion
Increasing levels of food insecurity were associated with decreased physical and mental health quality of life scores. This relationship was not explained by demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, insurance, or comorbidity burden. This study suggests work is needed to mitigate the impact of social risk, such as food insecurity, on quality of life in adults, and understand pathways and mechanisms for this relationship.
The impact of selected methodological factors on data collection outcomes in observational studies of device-measured physical behaviour in adults: A systematic review
Authors: Pulsford Richard M. , Brocklebank Laura , Fenton Sally A. M. , Bakker Esmée , Mielke Gregore I. , Tsai Li-Tang , Atkin Andrew J. , Harvey Danielle L. , Blodgett Joanna M. , Ahmadi Matthew , Wei Le , Rowlands Alex , Doherty Aiden , Rangul Vegar , Koster Annemarie , Sherar Lauren B. , Holtermann Andreas , Hamer Mark , Stamatakis Emmanuel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Accelerometer measures of physical behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep) in observational studies offer detailed insight into associations with health and disease. Maximising recruitment and accelerometer wear, and minimising data loss remain key challenges. How varying methods used to collect accelerometer data influence data collection outcomes is poorly understood. We examined the influence of accelerometer placement and other methodological factors on participant recruitment, adherence and data loss in observational studies of adult physical behaviours.

Methods
The review was in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA). Observational studies of adults including accelerometer measurement of physical behaviours were identified using database (MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, PsychINFO, Health Management Information Consortium, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature) and supplementary searches to May 2022. Information regarding study design, accelerometer data collection methods and outcomes were extracted for each accelerometer measurement (study wave). Random effects meta-analyses and narrative syntheses were used to examine associations of methodological factors with participant recruitment, adherence and data loss.

Results
123 accelerometer data collection waves were identified from 95 studies (92.5% from high-income countries). In-person distribution of accelerometers was associated with a greater proportion of invited participants consenting to wear an accelerometer (+ 30% [95% CI 18%, 42%] compared to postal distribution), and adhering to minimum wear criteria (+ 15% [4%, 25%]). The proportion of participants meeting minimum wear criteria was higher when accelerometers were worn at the wrist (+ 14% [ 5%, 23%]) compared to waist. Daily wear-time tended to be higher in studies using wrist-worn accelerometers compared to other wear locations. Reporting of information regarding data collection was inconsistent.

Conclusion
Methodological decisions including accelerometer wear-location and method of distribution may influence important data collection outcomes including recruitment and accelerometer wear-time. Consistent and comprehensive reporting of accelerometer data collection methods and outcomes is needed to support development of future studies and international consortia. Review supported by the British Heart Foundation (SP/F/20/150002) and registered (Prospero CRD42020213465).
Peripheral inflammation in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia: associations with central degeneration and clinical measures
Authors: Chu Min , Wen Lulu , Jiang Deming , Liu Li , Nan Haitian , Yue Ailing , Wang Yingtao , Wang Yihao , Qu Miao , Wang Ningqun , Wu Liyong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the progression of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). However, the association between peripheral inflammatory factors and brain neurodegeneration is poorly understood. We aimed to examine changes in peripheral inflammatory markers in patients with behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD) and explore the potential association between peripheral inflammation and brain structure, metabolism, and clinical parameters.

Methods
Thirty-nine bvFTD patients and 40 healthy controls were enrolled and underwent assessment of plasma inflammatory factors, positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, and neuropsychological assessments. Group differences were tested using Student’s t test, Mann‒Whitney U test, or ANOVA. Partial correlation analysis and multivariable regression analysis were implemented using age and sex as covariates to explore the association between peripheral inflammatory markers, neuroimaging, and clinical measures. The false discovery rate was used to correct for the multiple correlation test.

Results
Plasma levels of six factors, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12p70, IL-17A, tumour necrosis superfamily member 13B (TNFSF/BAFF), TNFSF12 (TWEAK), and TNFRSF8 (sCD30), were increased in the bvFTD group. Five factors were significantly associated with central degeneration, including IL-2, IL-12p70, IL-17A, sCD30/TNFRSF8, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α; the association between inflammation and brain atrophy was mainly distributed in frontal–limbic–striatal brain regions, whereas the association with brain metabolism was mainly in the frontal–temporal–limbic–striatal regions. BAFF/TNFSF13B, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17A and TNF-α were found to correlate with clinical measures.

Conclusion
Peripheral inflammation disturbance in patients with bvFTD participates in disease-specific pathophysiological mechanisms, which could be a promising target for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring therapeutic efficacy.
Acceptance, utilization, and factors associated with immediate postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device among mothers delivered at public health facilities in Hawassa city, Ethiopia: Institution-based study
Authors: Shiferaw Yemisrach , Jisso Meskerem , Fantahun Selam , Eshetu Betelhem , Assefa Abiyu Ayalew , Gebretsadik Achamyelesh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Immediate postpartum intra-uterine contraceptive device (IPPIUCD) placement within 10 min after the expulsion of the placenta following vaginal delivery is a safe and effective method when provided after comprehensive counseling. Studies on its acceptance and utilization are scarce in the study area. This study aims to assess the acceptance and utilization of IPPIUCD.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1st up to February 31st, 2020, among 392 mothers who delivered at public health facilities in Hawassa city. EPI-Data version 7.2 was used for data entry and STATA 14 for analysis. Data were collected using an interviewer administered structured questionnaire. A binary logistic regression and a multivariable logistic regression model were used to assess association. Statistical significance was determined at a p-value of less than 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval.

Results
Of the 392 mothers enrolled, 16.3% (95% CI: 12.7–20.0) of them accepted immediate post-partum IUCD. However, only 10% (95%CI: 7.0, 12.9) utilized immediate post-partum IUCD. Counseling about IPPIUCD, Attitude, plan to have another child, and birth intervals were associated with acceptance of immediate PPIUCD while husband support for family planning use, delivery time, and the number of children had a significant association with utilization of immediate PPIUCD.

Conclusions
The study found a relatively low proportion of acceptors and utilizers of immediate post-partum IUCD in the study area. To improve the acceptance and utilization of immediate PPIUCD among mothers, all stakeholders concerned with family planning need to mitigate and promote the challenges and facilitating factors, respectively.
Diagnostic accuracy of sonication fluid cultures from prosthetic components in periprosthetic joint infection: an updated diagnostic meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Guanrong , Liu Qiang , Guan Zhenhua , Liu Min , Sun Xiaobo , Zhu Xingyang , Chen Jinlun , Feng Wenjun , Li Jie , Zeng Jianchun , Zhong Zhangrong , Zeng Yirong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the most serious complication following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) and has a significant impact on patients and the national healthcare system. To date, the diagnosis of PJI is still confronted with dilemmas. The present study investigated the validity of sonication fluid culture (SFC) for removing implants in the diagnosis of PJI after joint replacement.

Methods
From database establishment to December 2020, relevant literature was retrieved from the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. Two reviewers independently performed quality assessment and data extraction to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), area under the curve (AUC) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) to evaluate the diagnostic value of overall SFC for PJI.

Results
A total of 38 eligible studies including 6302 patients were selected in this study. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR of SFC for PJI diagnosis were 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76–0.79), 0.96 (95% CI, 0.95–0.96), 18.68 (95% CI, 11.92–29.28), 0.24 (95% CI, 0.21–0.29), and 85.65 (95% CI, 56.46–129.94), respectively, while the AUC was 0.92.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis showed that SFC was of great value in PJI diagnosis, and the evidence of SFC on PJI was more favorable but not yet strong. Therefore, improvement of the diagnostic accuracy of SFC is still necessary, and the diagnosis of PJI continues to warrant a multiplex approach before and during a revision procedure.
A multi-gateway authentication and key-agreement scheme on wireless sensor networks for IoT
Authors: Yang Jen-Ho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is designed to let anything connect to the Internet, and the things can be people, computers, and things. On the IoT, the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) plays an important role because it can be used in many applications such as smart home, intelligent transportation, and intelligent disaster prevention. Since the WSN transmits data in the wireless way, the security problem is a concerning issue in this field. On the WSN, an authentication and key-agreement scheme can let the sensors authenticate to each other and share a common key to encrypt the data. Thus, it can be used to solve the security problem of WSNs. In this paper, I propose a new multi-gateway authentication and key-agreement scheme on WSN for IoT. The proposed scheme adopts a new multi-gateway structure, and thus it allows users and sensors to join in different areas of WSN dynamically. According to the performance analysis, the execution time of the proposed scheme is only 24Th, where Th is the execution time of a one-way hash function. In conclusion, the proposed scheme is more efficient than the related works on the WSN for IoT applications.
Occupational stress and burnout experience among healthcare workers compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Agyemang George , Bema Yaa , Eturu Deborah Aba , Bawontuo Vitalis , Kuupiel Desmond 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought an unprecedented burden on health systems and personnel globally. This pandemic potentially can result in increased frequency of stress and burnout experienced among healthcare workers (HCWs), especially in lower-and-middle-income countries with inadequate health professionals, yet little is known about their experience. This study aims to describe the range of research evidence on occupational stress and/burnout among HCWs compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa, as well as identify research gaps for further investigations to inform health policy decisions towards stress and/burnout reduction in this era and when a future pandemic occurs.

Method
Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework will be used to guide this scoping review. Literature searches will be conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar for relevant articles published in any language from January 2020 to the last search date. The literature search strategy will include keywords and Boolean and medical subject heading terms. This study will include peer-reviewed papers about Africa, with a focus on stress and burnout among HCWs in the COVID-19 era. In addition to the database searches, we will manually search the reference list of included articles as well as the World Health Organization’s website for relevant papers. Using the inclusion criteria as a guide, two reviewers will independently screen the abstracts and full-text articles. A narrative synthesis will be conducted, and a summary of the findings reported.

Discussion
This study will highlight the range of literature HCWs’ experience of stress and/or burnout including the prevalence, associated factors, interventions/coping strategies, and reported effects on healthcare services during the COVID-19 era in Africa. This study’s findings will be relevant to inform healthcare managers plan to mitigate stress and/or burnout as well prepare for such future pandemics. This study’s findings will be disseminated in a peer-review journal, scientific conference, academic and research platforms, and social media.
Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor controls the function of CNS-resident macrophages and their contribution to neuroinflammation
Authors: Ivan Daniela C. , Berve Kristina Carolin , Walthert Sabrina , Monaco Gianni , Borst Katharina , Bouillet Elisa , Ferreira Filipa , Lee Henry , Steudler Jasmin , Buch Thorsten , Prinz Marco , Engelhardt Britta , Locatelli Giuseppe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSignaling by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is essential for the development of the central nervous system (CNS) and regulates neuronal survival and myelination in the adult CNS. In neuroinflammatory conditions including multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), IGF-1 can regulate cellular survival and activation in a context-dependent and cell-specific manner. Notwithstanding its importance, the functional outcome of IGF-1 signaling in microglia/macrophages, which maintain CNS homeostasis and regulate neuroinflammation, remains undefined. As a result, contradictory reports on the disease-ameliorating efficacy of IGF-1 are difficult to interpret, together precluding its potential use as a therapeutic agent. To fill this gap, we here investigated the role of IGF-1 signaling in CNS-resident microglia and border associated macrophages (BAMs) by conditional genetic deletion of the receptorIgf1rin these cell types. Using a series of techniques including histology, bulk RNA sequencing, flow cytometry and intravital imaging, we show that absence of IGF-1R significantly impacted the morphology of both BAMs and microglia. RNA analysis revealed minor changes in microglia. In BAMs however, we detected an upregulation of functional pathways associated with cellular activation and a decreased expression of adhesion molecules. Notably, genetic deletion ofIgf1rfrom CNS-resident macrophages led to a significant weight gain in mice, suggesting that absence of IGF-1R from CNS-resident myeloid cells indirectly impacts the somatotropic axis. Lastly, we observed a more severe EAE disease course uponIgf1rgenetic ablation, thus highlighting an important immunomodulatory role of this signaling pathway in BAMs/microglia. Taken together, our work shows that IGF-1R signaling in CNS-resident macrophages regulates the morphology and transcriptome of these cells while significantly decreasing the severity of autoimmune CNS inflammation.