bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Definition of Scenarios for Modern Power Systems with a High Renewable Energy Share
Authors: Collados‐Rodríguez Carlos , Antolí‐Gil Eduard , Sánchez‐Sánchez Enric , Girona‐Badia Jaume , Albernaz Lacerda Vinicius , Cheah‐Mañe Marc , Prieto‐Araujo Eduardo , Gomis‐Bellmunt Oriol 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent environmental policies have led academic, industrial, and governmental stakeholders to plan scenarios with a high share of renewable energy sources (RES), to ensure that future energy systems, composed mostly of RES, can remain stable, match the demand during seasonal variations and are economically feasible. This article considers different energy scenarios to obtain various options in terms of size, generation technologies, and grid configuration. The scenarios are studied in the POSYTYF project and are quantified through an optimization‐based algorithm, where the test grids topologies are based on specific locations in Europe, and real data related to the availability of RES, as well as the demand. Different RES technologies are considered to meet requirements of grid integration of renewables at different horizons of time, up to 100% in the most futuristic case. The optimization algorithm is applied to three scenarios. It is shown that solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind can provide the renewable backbone, but they lack flexibility to achieve a very high share in the energy mix. Solar thermal and pumped hydro become important to cover the last range of integration, as they provide high flexibility, which is crucial for high share, but they are expensive for low share.
Further investigation of conjugated length and dispersity on light‐driven hydrogen evolution facilitated by conjugated polymers
Authors: Tsai Tien‐Liang , Chen Yen‐Yu , Chang Cheng‐Hao , Lai Yu‐Ying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConjugated length and dispersity are modulated by the incorporation of non‐conjugated groups. The integration of 1,4‐butanediylbis(oxy) groups into poly[(1,4‐benzo{2,1,3}thiadiazole)‐co‐1,4‐benzene] gives numerous co‐polymers. The presence of the 1,4‐butanediylbis(oxy) unit in the polymer backbone interrupts the conjugation length. The optical energy gap is not much affected. The variation in the hydrogen evolution rate (HER) is evident. Density‐functional‐theory calculations suggest that the distribution of residual Pd along the polymer chain could be influenced considerably by the introduction of 1,4‐butanediylbis(oxy) group, accounting for the variation in the HER. On the other hand, a macromonomer with oligo tert‐butyl acrylate side chains synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization is copolymerized with 3,7‐dibromo‐dibenzothiophene 5,5‐dioxide to furnish a random copolymer. The ester groups in the polymer can be transformed to the acid moieties. The polymer with the acid functionality exhibits superior dispersity in the reaction solvents. Nonetheless, the difference in the hydrogen‐evolution activity is marginal between the two polymers, revealing that the increase in the polymer dispersity does not essentially improve the photoactivity for this reaction. These studies reveal that a structural variation could simultaneously lead to the alternation in numerous properties. Emphasis on a particular property could be misleading in designing active photocatalysts in hydrogen evolution.
Complete remission in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ben Kridis Wala , Kallel Rim , Boudawara Tahia , Khanfir Afef 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unusual. Optimal treatment strategies are not well defined. The prognosis of this entity is very poor with a survival that does not exceed 1 year. We report here a new case of metastatic HCC with longer overall survival of more than 5 years in a 67‐year‐old man.
難治性院外心原性心停止に対する初期心電図によるpercutaneous cardiopulmonary support導入時間の検討(Analysis of the percutaneous cardiopulmonary support implementation time for refractory out–of–hospital cardiogenic cardiac arrest by initial electrocardiogram)
Authors: 恒 鹿野 , 将樹 長間 , 敬介 坂東 , 晃生 遠藤 , 祐貴 安武 , 広一 大西 , 秀明 吉原 
Published: March 2023

要旨【目的】治療抵抗性心停止に対する経皮的心肺補助（以下，PCPS）の転帰良好な因子として，初期心電図がショック適応心リズム（以下，ショックリズム）と心停止（以下，CA）からPCPS開始までの時間（以下，CA to PCPS）が短いことが挙げられる。しかし，近年ではショック非適応心リズム（以下，非ショックリズム）でも転帰良好な症例が報告されており，院外心原性心停止における初期心電図別のCA to PCPSと1か月後の転帰良好について検討した。【対象】これは単施設，後方視的研究であり，2000年1月から2017年3月に院外心原性心停止症例に対してPCPSを導入した219例（平均58歳，男性193例）を対象とした。【結果】ショックリズム群（167例）と非ショックリズム群（52例）において，転帰良好率は31% vs 10%（p＝0.003）であり，CA to PCPSの中央値は44.0分 vs 35.0分（p＝0.014）であった。さらにCA to PCPSを5分ごとに区切り転帰良好率を検討すると，ショックリズム群では36～40分で59%であったが，41～45分では33%まで低下しており，非ショックリズム群では40分以降に転帰良好は存在しなかった。【結語】心停止から40分以内のPCPS導入がより転帰良好になると考えられたが，非ショックリズム群ではさらに短縮する必要がある。
Changes in canopy microclimate of faba bean under intercropping at controlled nitrogen levels and their correlation with crop yield
Authors: Ma Guanglei , Zheng Yiran , Zhang Jing , Guo Zengpeng , Dong Yan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between the microclimate of the intercropping faba bean canopy and yield, and its response to nitrogen application, was studied in the crop canopy to clarify that intercropping and nitrogen application changed the microclimate of the faba bean canopy and affected the yield.ResultsIn field experiments in Eshan and Xundian, the growth index, light transmittance, interception rate of photosynthetic effective radiation, temperature, relative humidity, and yield of the faba bean were determined using three planting methods (wheat monoculture, faba bean monoculture, and wheat‐faba bean intercropping) and four nitrogen application levels, N0 (0 kg/hm2), N1 (45 kg/hm2), N2 (90 kg/hm2), and N3 (180 kg/hm2). The results showed that the application of nitrogen improved the growth index of monoculture and intercropping broad beans significantly, reduced the canopy light transmittance and temperature significantly, and increased the interception rate and relative humidity of photosynthetic effective radiation significantly. Compared with N0, the yield of broad bean in both places was the highest in N1, which increased by 14% (Eshan) and 15% (Xundian).ConclusionMultiple linear stepwise regression and path analysis showed that the decrease in canopy light transmittance during the faba bean pod‐setting stage and the interception rate of photosynthetic effective radiation during pod‐bulging stage, caused by excessive nitrogen application, were the main climatic and ecological factors limiting the increase in the intercropping faba bean yield in Eshan and Xundian respectively. The optimum nitrogen application rate recommended in production is 45 kg/hm2, to reduce the nitrogen application rate and maximize the productivity of the wheat and faba bean system. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Combining quadrat, rake, and echosounding to estimate submerged aquatic vegetation biomass at the ecosystem scale
Authors: Botrel Morgan , Hudon Christiane , Biron Pascale M. , Maranger Roxane 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMeasuring freshwater submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) biomass at large spatial scales is challenging, and no single technique can cost effectively accomplish this while maintaining accuracy. We propose to combine and intercalibrate accurate quadrat‐scuba diver technique, fast rake sampling, and large‐scale echosounding. We found that the overall relationship between quadrat and rake biomass is moderately strong (pseudo R2 = 0.61) and varies with substrate type and SAV growth form. Rake biomass was also successfully estimated from biovolume (pseudo R2 = 0.57), a biomass proxy derived from echosounding. In addition, the relationship was affected, in decreasing relevance, by SAV growth form, flow velocity, acoustic data quality, depth, and wind conditions. Sequential application of calibrations yielded predictions in agreement with quadrat observations, but echosounding predictions underestimated biomass in shallow areas (< 1 m) while outperforming point estimation in deep areas (> 3 m). Whole‐system quadrat‐equivalent biomass from echosounding differed by a factor of two from point survey estimates, suggesting echosounding is more accurate at larger scales owing to the increased sample size and better representation of spatial heterogeneity. To decide when an individual or a combination of techniques is profitable, we developed a step‐by‐step guideline. Given the risks of quadrat‐scuba diver technique, we recommend developing a one‐time quadrat–rake calibration, followed by the use of rake and echosounding when sampling at larger spatial and temporal scales. In this case, rake sampling becomes a valid ground truthing method for echosounding, also providing valuable species information and estimates in shallow waters where echosounding is inappropriate.
Deep learning‐based decision forest for hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma segmentation on MRI
Authors: Lay Nathan , Anari Pouria Yazdian , Chaurasia Aditi , Firouzabadi Fatemeh Dehghani , Harmon Stephanie , Turkbey Evrim , Gautam Rabindra , Samimi Safa , Merino Maria J. , Ball Mark W. , Linehan William Marston , Turkbey Baris , Malayeri Ashkan A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundvon Hippel–Lindau syndrome (VHL) is an autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome with an increased predisposition of developing numerous cysts and tumors, almost exclusively clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Considering the lifelong surveillance in such patients to monitor the disease, patients with VHL are preferentially imaged using MRI to eliminate radiation exposure.PurposeSegmentation of kidney and tumor structures on MRI in VHL patients is useful in lesion characterization (e.g., cyst vs. tumor), volumetric lesion analysis, and tumor growth prediction. However, automated tasks such as ccRCC segmentation on MRI is sparsely studied. We develop segmentation methodology for ccRCC on T1 weighted precontrast, corticomedullary, nephrogenic, and excretory contrast phase MRI.MethodsWe applied a new neural network approache using a novel differentiable decision forest, called hinge forest (HF), to segment kidney parenchyma, cyst, and ccRCC tumors in 117 images from 115 patients. This data set represented an unprecedented 504 ccRCCs with 1171 cystic lesions obtained at five different MRI scanners. The HF architecture was compared with U‐Net on 10 randomized splits with 75% used for training and 25% used for testing. Both methods were trained with Adam using default parameters () over 1000 epochs. We further demonstrated some interpretability of our HF method by exploiting decision tree structure.ResultsThe HF achieved an average kidney, cyst, and tumor Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.75 ± 0.03, 0.44 ± 0.05, 0.53 ± 0.04, respectively, while U‐Net achieved an average kidney, cyst, and tumor DSC of 0.78 ± 0.02, 0.41 ± 0.04, 0.46 ± 0.05, respectively. The HF significantly outperformed U‐Net on tumors while U‐Net significantly outperformed HF when segmenting kidney parenchymas ().ConclusionsFor the task of ccRCC segmentation, the HF can offer better segmentation performance compared to the traditional U‐Net architecture. The leaf maps can glean hints about deep learning features that might prove to be useful in other automated tasks such as tumor characterization.
Laserbehandlung gegen Weltraumschrott
Authors: Scharring Stefan , Wagner Gerd , Riede Wolfgang , Dekorsy Thomas 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDurch Photonendruck und Materialabtrag können Laser vom Erdboden aus über große Entfernungen hinweg die Bewegung eines Weltraumschrottobjekts verändern. Bereits ein leichtes Abbremsen kann Kollisionen vermeiden. Eine längere Folge von Bestrahlungen kann ein Schrottobjekt sogar beseitigen, durch Wiedereintritt in die Erdatmosphäre. Als Vorbereitung liefern spektrale Lichtkurvenanalysen detaillierte Informationen zum Schrottobjekt. Neben der technologischen Entwicklung müssen thermale Risiken sowie Aspekte zur operationellen Sicherheit adressiert werden.
Die Suche nach Terahertz‐Materialien
Authors: Deinert Jan‐Christoph , Kovalev Sergey , Gensch Michael 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Terahertz‐Frequenzbereich umfasst ein technisch wenig erschlossenes Grenzgebiet im elektromagnetischen Spektrum. Es ist aber besonders interessant, weil es im niederenergetischen Bereich viele Eigenfrequenzen, komplexer Quantenphänomene enthält. Dafür stehen neuerdings intensive Terahertz‐Pulse aus spezialisierten Elektronenbeschleunigern zur Verfügung, die Teil 1 dieses Zweiteilers vorgestellt hat. Teil 2 widmet sich der gezielten Suche nach Materialien, die als Grundbausteine für zukünftige Terahertz‐Technologien geeignet sind. Der Schlüssel dazu ist die Beschleunigung quasifreier Ladungsträger durch das starke Terahertz‐Feld, was in bestimmten Materialien besonders nichtlineare Eigenschaften erzeugen kann. Hierfür erweisen sich topologische Isolatoren als sehr komplexe, aber vielversprechende Materialklasse. Sie könnten auch ultraschnelle optoelektronische Bauteile ermöglichen.
Evaluation of the effects of isoproterenol on arrhythmia recurrence following catheter ablation in patients with atrioventricular nodal re‐entrant tachycardia: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Vahid Lotfabadi Neda , Mehrabi Saeed , Heidari‐Bakavoli Alireza , Morovatdar Negar , Tayyebi Mohammad , Baradaran Rahimi Vafa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe aimed to determine the effects of isoproterenol on arrhythmia recurrence in atrioventricular nodal re‐entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) patients treated with catheter ablation. The present randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on AVNRT patients candidates for radiofrequency ablation (RFA). The patients were randomly assigned to receive isoproterenol (0.5–4 μg/min) or not (control group) for arrhythmia re‐induction after ablation. The results of the electrophysiological (EP) study, the ablation parameters, and the arrhythmia recurrence rate were recorded. We evaluated 206 patients (53 males and 153 females) with a mean (SD) age of 49.87 (15.5) years in two groups of isoproterenol (n = 103) and control (n = 103). No statistically significant difference was observed between the two studied groups in age, gender, EP study, and ablation parameters. The success rate of ablation was 100% in both groups. During ~16.5 months of follow‐up, one patient (1%) in the isoproterenol group and four patients (3.8%) in the control group experienced AVNRT recurrence (HR = 0.245; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.043–1.418; p = .173). Based on the Kaplan–Meier analysis, there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of arrhythmia recurrence during the follow‐up period between the two studied groups (p = .129). Additionally, there were no significant differences between the arrhythmia's recurrence according to age, gender, junctional rhythm, type of AVNRT arrhythmia, and DAVN persistence after ablation. Although isoproterenol administration for arrhythmia re‐induction after ablation did not alleviate the treatment outcomes and arrhythmia recurrence following RFA in AVNRT patients, further studies with a larger sample size and a longer duration of follow‐up are necessary.
System reliability under cascading failure models with different load effect modes
Authors: Song Xueying , Jia Xujie , Dong Qinglai , Xu Dong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCascading failure is a phenomenon that minor disturbances trigger a chain reaction failure of the system, causing the disaster to quickly spread in the system and causing part or all of the system to collapse. Traditional cascading models that based on the assumption that the propagation time of cascading failures can be ignored are inadequate for modeling and analyzing all the practical cascading failure systems. It is necessary to develop a general methodology for the cascading failure systems with cascading failure propagation speed and different load effects. This paper derives new models which extend the load effect mode and consider the propagation speed of cascading failure. In the models, the time of the cascading failure propagation is considered. Three load effect modes are proposed that consider the number of remaining working components, the influence range of the failed parts, and the distance between the failed parts and the unfailed components. Additionally, the reliability of the systems with different types of cascading failures is analyzed, and formulas computing reliability indexes are derived. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed methodology.
Robust risk‐sensitive control
Authors: Hua Haochen , Gashi Bujar , Zhang Moyu 
Published: March 2023

SummaryWe introduce arisk‐sensitivegeneralization of the mixed control problem for linear stochastic systems with additive noise. Two criteria ofexponential‐quadraticform are used to generalise the usual quadratic criteria. The solutions are found in a linear state‐feedback form for both the finite and the infinite horizon formulations in terms of coupled Riccati differential and algebraic equations. A change of measures for both criteria and completion of squares method is used to derive the solutions, and explicit sufficient conditions for the admissibility of controls are derived. An application to the problem ofrobustportfolio control in a market with random interest rate subject to a disturbance is also given.
Obesity-Induced Immunological Effects on the Skin
Authors: Palanivel Janani A. , Millington George W. M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There is an increasing prevalence of obesity globally. Equally, the significance of maintaining a healthy body weight for maintaining a healthy skin homoeostasis is gaining greater attention. On this background, there is growing evidence of an adverse influence of excess body weight on the immune system, which has a resultant detrimental effect on the functioning of the skin. The presence of obesity appears to intensify various inflammatory skin disorders. These immune-dermatological consequences in the obese occur because of multiple adverse changes in the skin physiology, endocrine imbalance, metabolic deviations, alterations in circulation, skin microbiome and immunological disruptions. The purpose of this article is to highlight the profound impact of increased fat deposition on cutaneous immunology and its role in the pathophysiology of various chronic inflammatory dermatological conditions. Understanding these immunological modulations will aid in developing therapies targeting the specific inflammatory mediators in the management of obesity-associated chronic immunological skin disease.
More effective solutions? Senior managers and non‐routine problem solving
Authors: Decreton Benoit , Tippmann Esther , Nell Phillip C. , Parker Andrew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResearch SummarySolving non‐routine problems—problems for which current organizational, recurrent action patterns do not offer a predetermined, effective solution—can be an important source of value creation. When these problems occur in subsidiaries of multinational corporations, senior headquarters managers can potentially help solve them. However, whether their involvement is beneficial rests upon the assumptions that they know which knowledge is appropriate and that their involvement does not negatively influence the problem solving process. We challenge these assumptions and theorize that the involvement of senior headquarters managers is negatively related to solution effectiveness, unless senior subsidiary managers are also involved, and especially if problems have an external locus (i.e., primarily relate to the firm's products and services). Our robust results are consistent with our theory.Managerial SummaryCompanies are often faced with new problems, which represent an opportunity for organizational improvements. But how different types of senior managers influence problem solving effectiveness has remained unclear. Studying problems occurring in foreign subsidiaries of multinational corporations, we find that the involvement of senior headquarters managers is negatively related to problem solving effectiveness. Two reasons explain this result: senior headquarters managers often lack necessary understanding of their subsidiaries' contexts; and their involvement diminishes active participation of subsidiary employees. The negative relationship is especially strong when problems relate to products and services (as opposed to internal processes). Furthermore, we find that senior subsidiary managers can mitigate the negative consequences related to senior headquarters managers' involvement.
Toward High Efficient Cu2ZnSn(Sx,Se1−x)4 Solar Cells: Break the Limitations of VOC and FF
Authors: Wang Zuoyun , Meng Rutao , Guo Hongling , Sun Yali , Liu Yue , Zhang Huamei , Cao Zixiu , Dong Jiabin , Xu Xuejun , Liang Guangxing , Lou Licheng , Li Dongmei , Meng Qingbo , Zhang Yi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIncreasing the fill factor (FF) and the open‐circuit voltage (VOC) simultaneously together with non‐decreased short‐circuit current density (JSC) are a challenge for highly efficient Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. Aimed at such target in CZTSSe solar cells, a synergistic strategy to tailor the recombination in the bulk and at the heterojunction interface has been developed, consisting of atomic‐layer deposited aluminum oxide (ALD‐Al2O3) and (NH4)2S treatment. With this strategy, deep‐level CuZn defects are converted into shallower VCu defects and improved crystallinity, while the surface of the absorber is optimized by removing Zn‐ and Sn‐related impurities and incorporating S. Consequently, the defects responsible for recombination in the bulk and at the heterojunction interface are effectively passivated, thereby prolonging the minority carrier lifetime and increasing the depletion region width, which promote carrier collection and reduce charge loss. As a consequence, the VOC deficit decreases from 0.607 to 0.547 V, and the average FF increases from 64.2% to 69.7%, especially, JSC does not decrease. Thus, the CZTSSe solar cell with the remarkable efficiency of 13.0% is fabricated. This study highlights the increased FF together with VOC simultaneously to promote the efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells, which could also be applied to other photoelectronic devices.
Nanopolyhybrids: Materials, Engineering Designs, and Advances in Thermal Management
Authors: Atinafu Dimberu G. , Yun Beom Yeol , Kim Young Uk , Kim Sumin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe fundamental requirements for thermal comfort along with the unbalanced growth in the energy demand and consumption worldwide have triggered the development and innovation of advanced materials for high thermal‐management capabilities. However, continuous development remains a significant challenge in designing thermally robust materials for the efficient thermal management of industrial devices and manufacturing technologies. The notable achievements thus far in nanopolyhybrid design technologies include multiresponsive energy harvesting/conversion (e.g., light, magnetic, and electric), thermoregulation (including microclimate), energy saving in construction, as well as the miniaturization, integration, and intelligentization of electronic systems. These are achieved by integrating nanomaterials and polymers with desired engineering strategies. Herein, fundamental design approaches that consider diverse nanomaterials and the properties of nanopolyhybrids are introduced, and the emerging applications of hybrid composites such as personal and electronic thermal management and advanced medical applications are highlighted. Finally, current challenges and outlook for future trends and prospects are summarized to develop nanopolyhybrid materials.