bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telling compositeness at a distance with outer automorphisms and CP
Authors: Bischer Ingolf , Döring Christian , Trautner Andreas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We investigate charge-parity (CP) and non-CP outer automorphism of groups and the transformation behavior of group representations under them. We identify situations where composite and elementary states that transform in exactly the same representation of the group, transform differently under outer automorphisms. This can be instrumental in discriminating composite from elementary states solely by their quantum numbers with respect to the outer automorphism, i.e. without the need for explicit short distance scattering experiments. We discuss under what conditions such a distinction is unequivocally possible. We cleanly separate the case of symmetry constrained (representation) spaces from the case of multiple copies of identical representations in flavor space, and identify conditions under which non-trivial transformation in flavor space can be enforced for composite states. Next to composite product states, we also discuss composite states in non-product representations. Comprehensive examples are given based on the finite groups

Σ
(
72
)

and D
8. The discussion also applies to

S
U

(
N
)

and we scrutinize recent claims in the literature that

S
U

(
2
N
)

outer automorphism with antisymmetric matrices correspond to distinct outer automorphisms. We show that outer automorphism transformations with antisymmetric matrices are related by an inner automorphism to the standard

Z

2

outer automorphism of

S
U

(
N
)

. As a direct implication, no non-trivial transformation behavior can arise for composite product states under the outer automorphism of

S
U

(
N
)

.
Nanomaterial-based flexible sensors for metaverse and virtual reality applications
Authors: Wang Jianfei , Suo Jiao , Song Zhengxun , Li Wen Jung , Wang Zuobin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Nanomaterial-based flexible sensors (NMFSs) can be tightly attached to the human skin or integrated with clothing to monitor human physiological information, provide medical data, or explore metaverse spaces. Nanomaterials have been widely incorporated into flexible sensors due to their facile processing, material compatibility, and unique properties. This review highlights the recent advancements in NMFSs involving various nanomaterial frameworks such as nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanofilms. Different triggering interaction interfaces between NMFSs and metaverse/virtual reality (VR) applications, e.g. skin-mechanics-triggered, temperature-triggered, magnetically triggered, and neural-triggered interfaces, are discussed. In the context of interfacing physical and virtual worlds, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a promising tool for processing sensor data for controlling avatars in metaverse/VR worlds, and many ML algorithms have been proposed for virtual interaction technologies. This paper discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and prospects of NMFSs in metaverse/VR applications.
Additive manufacturing of promising heterostructure for biomedical applications
Authors: Shuai Cijun , Li Desheng , Yao Xiong , Li Xia , Gao Chengde 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As a new generation of materials/structures, heterostructure is characterized by heterogeneous zones with dramatically different mechanical, physical or chemical properties. This endows heterostructure with unique interfaces, robust architectures, and synergistic effects, making it a promising option as advanced biomaterials for the highly variable anatomy and complex functionalities of individual patients. However, the main challenges of developing heterostructure lie in the control of crystal/phase evolution and the distribution/fraction of components and structures. In recent years, additive manufacturing techniques have attracted increasing attention in developing heterostructure due to the unique flexibility in tailored structures and synthetic multimaterials. This review focuses on the additive manufacturing of heterostructure for biomedical applications. The structural features and functional mechanisms of heterostructure are summarized. The typical material systems of heterostructure, mainly including metals, polymers, ceramics, and their composites, are presented. And the resulting synergistic effects on multiple properties are also systematically discussed in terms of mechanical, biocompatible, biodegradable, antibacterial, biosensitive and magnetostrictive properties. Next, this work outlines the research progress of additive manufacturing employed in developing heterostructure from the aspects of advantages, processes, properties, and applications. This review also highlights the prospective utilization of heterostructure in biomedical fields, with particular attention to bioscaffolds, vasculatures, biosensors and biodetections. Finally, future research directions and breakthroughs of heterostructure are prospected with focus on their more prospective applications in infection prevention and drug delivery.
A label-free dielectric-modulated biosensor using SiGe-heterojunction dual cavity dual metal electrically doped TFET
Authors: Dewan Basudha , Chaudhary Shalini , Yadav Menka 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The detection of biomolecules has been accomplished in this article by using the tunnel field effect transistor’s (TFET) bipolar nature. The fabrication procedure has been made simpler, the prices have gone down, and random dopant fluctuation (RDFs) have been eliminated using the charge plasma concept. The objective of this work is to investigate the performance of a DopingLess- Dual Metal Gate- Dual Cavity- HeteroJunction- Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (DL-DMG-DC-HJ-TFET) biosensor that can sense biomolecules in both the ON and ambipolar states. It is feasible to recognize many types of biomolecules concurrently by taking into account the cavities at both tunneling junctions. The suggested biosensor’s OFF state current has been reduced and its sensitivity has been increased via the use of gate workfunction engineering and bandgap engineering. It has been investigated how the presence of proteins in the cavities affects electrical properties such as energy band diagram (EBD), surface potential (SP), subthreshold Swing (SS), threshold voltage

(

V

T
H

)

, and current ratio

(

I

O
N

/

I

O
F
F

)
.

The impact of temperature, germanium mole fraction, and position of biomolecules is also analyzed in this work. A comparative analysis for drain current sensitivity is presented considering different previous works.
“No Complaining, No Crying”: A Qualitative Study of the Strong Black Woman Schema in the Breast Cancer Context
Authors: Denyse Tammie , Martin Kimberly J , Kim Jacqueline H J , Pageot Yrvane K , Owoyemi Praise , DeLuz Kamala Denise , Stanton Annette L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Black women have the highest mortality from breast cancer compared with other racial/ethnic groups. Black women with breast cancer also evidence compromised quality of life in some domains. Culturally relevant aspects of their experience are understudied.

Purpose
The goal of this qualitative study was to examine the relevance of the Strong Black Woman schema in the cancer context.

Methods
Three Gatherings (i.e., culturally curated focus groups) were conducted with Black women who had been diagnosed with breast cancer and recruited from cancer-related listservs and events. A five-person team conducted reflexive thematic analysis of Gathering transcripts.

Results
The 37 participants ranged in age (30 to 94 years) and in diagnosis duration (2 months to 29 years). Reflexive thematic analysis yielded six themes that characterized the women’s experience: historical legacy of the Strong Black Woman, navigating intersecting Strong Black Woman identities, everyday challenges encountered on the battlefield by Strong Black Women, Strong Black Woman in action during the breast cancer journey, the complexities of seeking and accepting support, and the liberated Strong Black Woman. The schema’s negative consequences included the oncologic team and others expecting the participants to be strong and not to need support. Expectations to suppress emotions and continue caring for others to the neglect of the self also were evident. Positive consequences included engaging in self-advocacy in the oncologic context and redefining strength to include expressing emotions and accepting help.

Conclusions
The Strong Black Woman schema is highly relevant in the breast cancer context and could be addressed in culturally centered interventions.
The Effects of Personalized Dietary Intervention on Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized Control Trial in Jieshou
Authors: Qun Xue , Xue-wu Zhang , Qian Wang , Xiao-qin Guan , Guo-cheng Li , Rong Liu , De-bin Wang , Shi Yan , Yu-chen Liu , Yu-wen Wu , Xing-rong Shen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
To design a personalized dietary intervention package for hypertensive patients (PDIPH) and to assess its impact on the patient’s blood pressure and knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) score.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial of 3,005 hypertensive patients from JieShou City were recruited and used the iFLYTEK intelligent voice sphygmomanometer. After excluding unqualified patients, there were 1,190 and 1,202 patients randomly divided into intervention and control groups respectively. Patients in the control group received the same health care as the intervention group, with the exception of PDIPH. The intervention period was from 15 August 2021 to 15 February 2022. The difference in blood pressure, knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAP) scores between the 2 groups before and after the intervention was evaluated. Blood pressure values were assessed for all patients in both groups, and KAP scores were assessed for a total of 529 patients randomly selected from the 2 groups.

Results
At the 6th month, the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure decreased by (9.11 ± 18.76) and (3.26 ± 12.50) mm Hg, respectively in the intervention group, while it decreased by (5.71 ± 17.63) and (2.15 ± 12.76) mm Hg, respectively in the control group. There was a significant difference in the decrease of systolic blood pressure between the 2 groups (t = 5.554, P &lt; 0.05). After 6 months of intervention, the increases in KAP score of the intervention group were higher than that of the control group (P &lt; 0.05). A multivariable linear regression model showed that the difference in eating behavior scores was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure difference (β = 0.19, P = 0.024) and BMI had the greatest positive effect on diastolic blood pressure difference (β = 0.20, P = 0.034).

Conclusions
In hypertensive patients, PDIPH could reduce patients’ blood pressure levels and improve their KAP scores.
GraphGPSM: a global scoring model for protein structure using graph neural networks
Authors: He Guangxing , Liu Jun , Liu Dong , Zhang Guijun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The scoring models used for protein structure modeling and ranking are mainly divided into unified field and protein-specific scoring functions. Although protein structure prediction has made tremendous progress since CASP14, the modeling accuracy still cannot meet the requirements to a certain extent. Especially, accurate modeling of multi-domain and orphan proteins remains a challenge. Therefore, an accurate and efficient protein scoring model should be developed urgently to guide the protein structure folding or ranking through deep learning. In this work, we propose a protein structure global scoring model based on equivariant graph neural network (EGNN), named GraphGPSM, to guide protein structure modeling and ranking. We construct an EGNN architecture, and a message passing mechanism is designed to update and transmit information between nodes and edges of the graph. Finally, the global score of the protein model is output through a multilayer perceptron. Residue-level ultrafast shape recognition is used to describe the relationship between residues and the overall structure topology, and distance and direction encoded by Gaussian radial basis functions are designed to represent the overall topology of the protein backbone. These two features are combined with Rosetta energy terms, backbone dihedral angles and inter-residue distance and orientations to represent the protein model and embedded into the nodes and edges of the graph neural network. The experimental results on the CASP13, CASP14 and CAMEO test sets show that the scores of our developed GraphGPSM have a strong correlation with the TM-score of the models, which are significantly better than those of the unified field score function REF2015 and the state-of-the-art local lDDT-based scoring models ModFOLD8, ProQ3D and DeepAccNet, etc. The modeling experimental results on 484 test proteins demonstrate that GraphGPSM can greatly improve the modeling accuracy. GraphGPSM is further used to model 35 orphan proteins and 57 multi-domain proteins. The results show that the average TM-score of the models predicted by GraphGPSM is 13.2 and 7.1% higher than that of the models predicted by AlphaFold2. GraphGPSM also participates in CASP15 and achieves competitive performance in global accuracy estimation.
Phylogeography of alpine and subalpine adapted Pseudostenophylax caddisflies (Limnephilidae: Trichoptera): a strong relationship with mountain formation
Authors: Mikami Kenji , Takenaka Masaki , Nozaki Takao , Bae Yeon Jae , Tojo Koji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Organisms that inhabit the alpine zone tend to have distribution areas that are isolated and scattered in patches, in effect ‘sky islands’. We focused on Pseudostenophylax caddisflies, a typical alpine aquatic insect group. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted on all eight Japanese species, with the monophyletic lineage of each strongly supported. The traditional classification system dividing Pseudostenophylax into ‘ondakensis’ and ‘adlimitans’ species groups was also strongly supported. For the first time, the existence of a cryptic species in Hokkaido was revealed in this study. Two species of the adlimitans species group live in western Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, but those distribution areas are difficult to explain in terms of the current geography. The phylogenetic analyses results also closely reflected the related geological history and palaeogeography. Interestingly, Pseudostenophylax amurensis, recently recorded on the Korean Peninsula, was positioned within the Japanese lineage of the ondakensis species group. Thus, some Japanese lineages may have reversely dispersed to the Korean Peninsula. Many interesting insights can be gained from the close relationship between the genetic structure of aquatic insects adapted to alpine and subalpine regions and their palaeogeographical history.
Repeatability of crossover rate in wild sticklebacks
Authors: Kivikoski Mikko , Fraimout Antoine , Rastas Pasi , Löytynoja Ari , Merilä Juha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCrossovers in meiosis have an important role in sexual reproduction in ensuring the segregation of chromosomes and shuffling of genetic material. Despite their profound importance, little is known about heritability and repeatability of the crossover rate in the wild. We studied crossover rate variation in outbred nine- (Pungitius pungitius) and three-spined (Gasterosteus aculeatus) stickleback populations to estimate its heritability (h2) and repeatability (R). Based on crossover rate interpreted from parent–F1-offspring linkage maps created from single nucleotide polymorphism data, the repeatability of crossover rate was moderate at best, but higher in females (R = 0.24 and R = 0.33) than in males (R = 0.017 and R = 0.11) in both species. Owing to the low degree and variance of parental relatedness and low sample sizes, heritabilities could not be estimated with confidence. However, given that R sets the upper limit to h2, the heritability of crossover rate is indicated to be low in males. A review and comparison with the previously reported repeatability and heritability estimates revealed that the repeatabilities in stickleback females were relatively high, whereas those in males were very low. Collectively, our results and review of earlier estimates suggest low evolvability of the crossover rate.
Efficacy and Safety of Advanced Oral Small Molecules for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Solitano Virginia , Vuyyuru Sudheer K , MacDonald John K , Zayadi Alexa , Parker Claire E , Narula Neeraj , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Danese Silvio , Feagan Brian G , Singh Siddharth , Ma Christopher , Jairath Vipul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Oral small-molecule drugs [SMDs] are expanding the therapeutic landscape for inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitor [JAKi] and sphingosine-1-phosphate [S1P] receptor modulator treatments for ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn’s disease [CD].

Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to May 30, 2022. Randomized controlled trials [RCTs] of JAKi and S1P receptor modulators in adults with UC or CD were eligible. Clinical, endoscopic, histological, and safety data were pooled and analysed using a random-effects model.

Results
Thirty-five RCTs [26 UC, nine CD] were included. In UC, JAKi therapy was associated with induction of clinical (risk ratio [RR] 3.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.03–4.92; I2 = 65%) and endoscopic [RR 3.99, 95% CI 2.36–6.75; I2 = 36%] remission compared to placebo. Upadacitinib was associated with histological response [RR 2.63, 95% CI 1.97–3.53]. S1P modulator therapy was associated with induction of clinical [RR 2.52, 95% CI 1.88–3.39; I2 = 1%] and endoscopic [RR 2.39, 95% CI 1.07–5.33; I2 = 0%] remission relative to placebo. Ozanimod was superior to placebo for inducing histological remission in UC [RR 2.20, 95% CI 1.43–3.37; I2 = 0%], while etrasimod was not [RR 2.36, 95% CI 0.71–7.88; I2 = 0%]. In CD, JAKi therapy was superior to placebo for induction of clinical remission [RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.19–1.98; I2 = 31%], and endoscopic remission [RR 4.78, 95% CI 1.63–14.06; I2 = 43%] compared to placebo. The risk of serious infections was similar for oral SMDs and placebo.

Conclusion
JAKi and S1P receptor modulator therapies are effective in IBD for inducing clinical and endoscopic remission and, in some circumstances, histological response.
Population modeling of oilseed brassica aphids and their biocontrol agents with weather parameters in the north-west Himalayan region of India
Authors: Soni Saurbh , Kumar Surjeet , Kumar Sood Ajay , Singh Rana Ranbir , Singh Chandel Ravinder 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We studied the impact of weather parameters on the population build-up of Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Cabbage aphid), Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) (Mustard aphid), Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Green peach aphid) and their biocontrol agents (coccinellids, syrphids, and a parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae M’Intosh) on oilseed brassicas in Himachal Pradesh, India, during winters from 2016–2017 to 2018–2019. The temperature and sunshine resulted in the build-up of B. brassicae and their biocontrol agents’ population, while rainfall and relative humidity caused a negative influence at surveyed locations. The L. erysimi and M. persicae populations showed an inverse correlation with the density-independent factors at most locations. Correlation coefficients indicated a negative correlation of the coccinellids population with the build-up of L. erysimi and M. persicae, while the predator population was positively related to the B. brassicae population at maximum locations. Parasitization by D. rapae showed a negative relationship with the aphid population. Stepwise regression analysis showed that minimum temperature and rainfall had a significant effect on the variability in the population of aphids. The predictive model could interpret more than 90% variation by minimum temperature in the coccinellid population at the surveyed locations. Further, regression analysis with temperature could explain up to 94% variability in parasitization by D. rapae. This study will contribute to predicting the changes that may occur in a population of aphids concerning the weather.
Approach to surveying egg masses of the invasive spotted lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)
Authors: Keller Joseph A , Hoover Kelli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor the invasive planthopper Lycorma delicatula, eggs are an attractive target for surveys and management because they can persist from September through May before hatching, and remnants may be retained for years after hatching. Efforts to control this invasive species, though, are hampered by imperfect detection, which impedes early detection and rapid response, obscures management impacts, and reduces the fraction of egg masses that can be managed. To estimate egg mass detectability, we conducted 75 duplicate surveys of 20 × 5 m plots located in forest edges and disturbed areas frequently used by L. delicatula. We fit binomial mixture models and investigated the effects of weather, height (above or below 3 m), season (winter or spring), and basal area of trees within plots, finding no evidence that these factors affected detection rate, which averaged 52.2%. We additionally estimated the fraction of L. delicatula eggs that were laid above 3 m, putting them outside of easy reach for management by scraping or targeted ovicide application. This proportion varied with basal area of trees within plots, and the estimated mean was greater than 50% across the range of basal areas in study plots. Finally, we found that counts of old egg masses correlated with counts of new egg masses laid the year prior, but the ability to infer prior years’ egg mass counts was limited. Together, these findings inform managers delimiting L. delicatula populations in mixed habitats and those treating egg masses to slow population growth and spread of this pest.
A critical appraisal of acute sore throat guidelines using the AGREE II instrument: a scoping review
Authors: Supper Irène , Gratadour Johanna , François Mathilde , Jaafari Nemat , Boussageon Rémy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Conflicting international guidelines exist on the management of sore throat by antibiotics.

Objectives
To assess with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE) instrument the quality of guidelines for uncomplicated acute group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) sore-throat. To make a sensitivity analysis restricted to guidelines with a rigour of development score higher than 60% and to describe their recommendations on scores, tests, and antibiotic therapy, including their justification.

Methods
A guideline literature review of acute GABHS sore throat, published between January 2000 and December 2019 in primary care and secondary care. The PubMed database, the Canadian Medical Association Infobase on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the International Network Guidelines were used. The quality of guidelines was assessed using the AGREE II instrument. The guidelines were classified into 2 categories: high-quality guidelines had to rate &gt;60% for the rigour of development score, the others were classified as low-quality guidelines.

Results
Significant heterogeneity between the 15 guidelines concerned the scores of the 6 assessment domains. Among them, 6 guidelines presented a score above 60% with regards to the rigor of development domain and used a systematic literature search method, citing meta-analyses of recent randomised clinical trials. Most of the 6 high-quality guidelines no longer recommended the systematic use of diagnostic scores and tests, nor antibiotic therapy to prevent acute rheumatic fever or loco-regional complications, except for high-risk patients.

Conclusion
Major discrepancies emphasise the need for only high-quality guidelines, based on adequately assessed evidence. Restricted antibiotic prescriptions to severe cases or high-risk patients would avoid antibiotic resistance.