bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa SMP Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Rotating Trio Exchange (RTE) pada Materi Aritmatika Sosial
Authors: Duwila Fisnawati , Nani Karman La , Ruhama Mustafa A.H. 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan, kemampuan, pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP Nasional Banau Kota ternate pada materi Aritmatika sosial. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang di peroleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa nilai rata-rata pretest 44,78 (lampiran 10) dan rata-rata postetstÂ 44,78 (lampiran 11) dan nilai N-Gain 0,65, dimana jika interval g â‰¥ 0,70 interpretasi tinggi, 0,03 â‰¤ g 0,70 intrepertasi sedang dan g 0,30 interpretasi rendah. Karena hasil dari perhitungan N-Gain adalah 0,65 (lampiran 18) dimana hasil tersebut masuk kedalam interval g â‰¥ 0,70 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa interpertasi tinggi dengan demikian peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa setelah digunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe RTE dikatakan tergolong sedang.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMA pada Materi Barisan dan Aritmatika
Authors: Masuku Nadia , Hamid Hasan , Ruhama Mustafa A.H. 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa SMA pada materi baris dan deret aritmatika. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas XI IPA-2 SMA Negeri 6 Halmahera Timur. JumlahÂ Subjek dalam penelitian iniÂ adalah sebanyak 10 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kombinasi (mixed method) dengan metode tes dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 10 orang perwakilan subjek dalam penelitian ini dengan kategori sangat tinggi 4 orang (40%), kategori tinggi 3 orangÂ (30%), kategori sedang 1 orang (10%), kategori rendah 1 orang (10%) dan kategori sangat rendah 1 orang (10%).
Pengaruh Model Blended Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Kontekstual Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Rosyidah Millatu 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh model blended learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah kontekstual materi sistem persamaan linier dua variabel pada siswa kelas VIII MTsN 9 Blitar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian quasi eksperimen design with post-test only control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII yang berjumlah 191 siswa. Â Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 32 siswa kelas VIII-D dan 32 siswa Kelas VIII-E. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes soal kemampuan pemecahan masalah kontekstual. Berdasarkan nilai statistic descriptive diketahui bahwa rata-rata kelas eksperimen 79 dan rata-rata kelas kontrol 69. Berdasarkan hasil ini, dapat diketahui bahwa rata-rata kelas eksperimen lebih baik. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan hasil analisis data menggunakan uji independent sample t-test diperoleh nilai Â dengan kata lain nilai . Hasil ini, menunjukkan adanya perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan pada hasil post-test kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Sehingga dapat diperoleh hasil bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan pada penerapan model blended learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah kontekstual materiÂ sistem persamaan linier dua variabel.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa SMA dalam Menentukan Model Matematika pada Program Linear
Authors: Hikmah Wa Ode Nur , Abdullah In Hi , Chandra Fitriana Eka 
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah yang dimiliki siswa kelas XI IPA 2 di SMA Negeri Kota Tidore Kepulauan dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika pada materi program linear. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu tes dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas X IPA 2 yang mengikuti tes dan wawancara berdasarkan hasil analisis. Data yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini ialah lembar siswa setelah mengerjakan tes soal cerita kemudian dianalisis untuk mengklasifikasikan tingkat kemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang, rendah serta hasilÂ Â wawancara untuk mengetahui kelengkapan keterampilan pemecahan masalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: siswa dengan kategori tinggi mampu memenuhi semua indikator pemecahan masalah yaitu memahami soal, merencanakan penyelesaian, dan menyelesaikan masalah. siswa dengan kategori sedang dalam indikator pemecahan masalah mampu mengidentifikasi dan menuliskan informasi secara ringkas, mampu membuat tabel matematika, namun belum mampu membuat persamaan dan pertidaksamaan dari fungsi kendala dan fungsi tujuan. Siswa dengan kategori rendah tidak mampu memenuhi indikator pemecahan masalah yaitu tidak mampu menuliskan mengidentifikasi dan menuliskan kembaliÂ Â informasi secara lengkap, mampu membuat tabel matematika dengan tepat namun tidak lengkap, mampu membuat persamaan dengan benar, namun tidak mampu memetakan antara persamaan dan pertidaksamaan yang merupakan fungsi tujuan dan fungsi kendala.Â
Tryptophan metabolism as bridge between gut microbiota and brain in chronic social defeat stress-induced depression mice
Authors: Xie Jing , Wu Wen-tao , Chen Jian-jun , Zhong Qi , Wu Dandong , Niu Lingchuan , Wang Sanrong , Zeng Yan , Wang Ying 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundsGut microbiota plays a critical role in the onset and development of depression, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. This study was conducted to explore the relationships between gut microbiota and host’s metabolism in depression.MethodsChronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model of depression was established using C57BL/6 male mice. Fecal samples were collected from CSDS group and control group to measure gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. Meanwhile, tryptophan metabolism-related metabolites in hippocampus were also analyzed.ResultsCSDS successfully induced depressive-like behaviors in CSDS group. The 24 differential bacterial taxa between the two groups were identified, and 14 (60.87%) differential bacterial taxa belonged to phylum Firmicutes. Functional analysis showed that tryptophan metabolism was significantly affected in CSDS mice. Meanwhile, 120 differential microbial metabolites were identified, and two key tryptophan metabolism-related metabolites (tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)) were significantly decreased in feces of CSDS mice. The correlation analysis found the significant relationships between tryptophan and differential bacterial taxa under Firmicutes, especially genus Lactobacillus (r=0.801, p=0.0002). In addition, the significantly decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in hippocampus of depressed mice was also observed.ConclusionsOur results showed that tryptophan metabolism might have an important role in the crosstalk between gut microbioa and brain in depression, and phylum Firmicutes, especially genus Lactobacillus, might be involved in the onset of depression through regulating tryptophan metabolism.
Association between aberrant amino acid metabolism and nonchromosomal modifications fetal structural anomalies: A cohort study
Authors: Yuan Huizhen , Liu Chang , Wang Xinrong , Huang Tingting , Liu Danping , Huang Shuhui , Wu Zeming , Liu Yanqiu , Yin Peiyuan , Yang Bicheng 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundMore than half of the cases of fetal structural anomalies have no known cause with standard investigations like karyotype testing and chromosomal microarray. The differential metabolic profiles of amniotic fluid (AF) and maternal blood may reveal valuable information about the physiological processes of fetal development, which may provide valuable biomarkers for fetal health diagnostics.MethodsThis cohort study of singleton-pregnant women had indications for amniocentesis, including structural anomalies and a positive result from maternal serum screening or non-invasive prenatal testing, but did not have any positive abnormal karyotype or chromosomal microarray analysis results. A total of 1580 participants were enrolled between June 2021 and March 2022. Of the 1580 pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis, 294 were included in the analysis. There were 137 pregnant women in the discovery cohort and 157 in the validation cohort.ResultsHigh-coverage untargeted metabolomic analysis of AF revealed distinct metabolic signatures with 321 of the 602 metabolites measured (53%) (false discovery rate, q &lt; 0.005), among which amino acids predominantly changed in structural anomalies. Targeted metabolomics identified glutamate and glutamine as novel predictive markers for structural anomalies, their vital role was also confirmed in the validation cohort with great predictive ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were 0.862 and 0.894 respectively. And AUCs for glutamine/glutamate were 0.913 and 0.903 among the two cohorts.ConclusionsOur results suggested that the aberrant glutamine/glutamate metabolism in AF is associated with nonchromosomal modificantions fetal structural anomalies. Based on our findings, a novel screening method could be established for the nonchromosomal modificantions fetal structural anomalies. And the results also indicate that monitoring fetal metabolic conditions (especially glutamine and glutamine metabolism) may be helpful for antenatal diagnosis and therapy.
An examination of causal associations and shared risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Guo Yulin , Gao Jie , Liu Yan , Jia Yanxiong , An Xiangguang , Zhang Xitao , Su Pixiong 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundOne of the major contributors to disability and mortality among diabetics is cardiovascular disease (CVD), with coronary artery disease (CAD) as the most prevalent type. However, previous studies have provided controversial evidence linking diabetes to other types of CVDs, such as atrial fibrillation (AF). In addition, the risk factors that predispose people to the risk of diabetes and its complications differ across ethnicities, but the disease risk profiles in the East Asian population have been less investigated.MethodsThe causal association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and two types of CVDs (i.e., AF and CAD) in the East Asian population was first studied using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Next, we examined the causal effect of 49 traits on T2D and CAD to identify their separate and shared risk factors in East Asians. A causal mediation analysis was performed to examine the role of T2D in mediating the relationship between the identified shared risk factors and CAD.ResultsT2D was causally associated with CAD, but not AF, in East Asians. A screening of the risk factors indicated that six and 11 traits were causally associated with T2D and CAD, respectively, with suggestive levels of evidence. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was the only trait associated with both T2D and CAD, as revealed by the univariable MR analyses. Moreover, the causal association between ALP and CAD no longer existed after adjusting T2D as a covariable in the causal mediation study.ConclusionOur study highlights the risk profiles in the East Asian population, which is important in formulating targeted therapies for T2D and CVDs in East Asians.
Investigation of the viable role of oil sludge-derived activated carbon for oily wastewater remediation
Authors: Amari Abdelfattah , Noreen Ayesha , Osman Haitham , Sammen Saad Sh. , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Salman Hayder Mahmood 
Published: February 2023

A wide range of studies has been carried out to describe the equilibrium data of adsorption for the surface adsorption process. However, no extensive investigation has been carried out to evaluate the oil sludge based activated carbon surface adsorption. Therefore, the possibility of carbon active production using different oil sludges and consequently the adsorption mechanism of these kind of adsorbents is still unknown. In this study, a novel low-cost approach was introduced to synthesize the activated carbon using oil sludge applying a two-step process including carbonization and chemical activation. In this way, four different types of oil sludges were characterized and then applied to synthesize different carbon actives and their performance were investigated as an adsorbent. The results showed that all synthesized activated carbons, with about 6% ash and pH = 7 and the specific surface area of 110 m2/gr, have the ability to treatment of oily wastewater; which can be referred to the high carbon content (&gt;80%). The iodine number and the efficiency of prepared activated carbon were obtained as 406.8 mg/g and 94%, respectively. The adsorption process was also studied at different process conditions such as temperature (308–338 K), pH value (3–9) and adsorbent amount (50–200 mg/L) to find the optimum condition for wastewater treatment. The results show that the pH value has an optimum in the adsorption rate (the maximum adsorption was measured at pH = 5) and the adsorption capacity can be reduced by increasing the temperature or decreasing the adsorbent amount. Moreover, three different adsorption isotherm models were applied, i.e., Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich isotherms; which the Langmuir equation was more suitable than others investigated isotherm models with R2 ≈ 0.999.
Characteristic gene expression in the liver monocyte-macrophage-DC system is associated with the progression of fibrosis in NASH
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Wang Zilong , Liu Baiyi , Jin Rui , Song Yuyun , Fei Ran , Cong Xu , Huang Rui , Li Xiaohe , Yang Jia , Wei Lai , Rao Huiying , Liu Feng 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe monocyte-macrophage-dendritic cell (DC) (MMD) system exerts crucial functions that may modulate fibrogenesis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we explored the cell characteristics, distribution and developmental trajectory of the liver MMD system in NASH mice with fibrosis and clarified characteristic genes of the MMD system involved in liver fibrosis progression in NASH mice and patients.MethodsSingle cells in liver tissue samples from NASH and normal mice were quantified using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the MMD system by pseudotime analysis were validated by tyramide signal amplification (TSA)-immunohistochemical staining (IHC) and analyzed by second harmonic generation (SHG)/two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF).ResultsCompared with control mice, there were increased numbers of monocytes, Kupffer cells, and DCs in two NASH mouse models. From the transcriptional profiles of these single cells, we identified 8 monocyte subsets (Mono1-Mono8) with different molecular and functional properties. Furthermore, the pseudotime analysis showed that Mono5 and Mono6 were at the beginning of the trajectory path, whereas Mono2, Mono4, Kupffer cells and DCs were at a terminal state. Genes related to liver collagen production were at the late stage of this trajectory path. DEGs analysis revealed that the genes Fmnl1 and Myh9 in the MMD system were gradually upregulated during the trajectory. By TSA-IHC, the Fmnl1 and Myh9 expression levels were increased and associated with collagen production and fibrosis stage in NASH mice and patients.ConclusionsOur transcriptome data provide a novel landscape of the MMD system that is involved in advanced NASH disease status. Fmnl1 and Myh9 expression in the MMD system was associated with the progression of NASH fibrosis.
The role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 in early-onset post-stroke depression
Authors: Chen Hengshu , Huang Xia , Zeng Chang , Sun Dongren , Liu Fan , Zhang Jingyuan , Liao Qiao , Luo Shihang , Xu Weiye , Xiao Yeqing , Zeng Danfeng , Song Mingyu , Tian Fafa 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe immune-inflammatory response has been widely considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression (PSD), but there is ambiguity about the mechanism underlying such association.MethodsAccording to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edition), depressive symptoms were assessed at 2 weeks after stroke onset. 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO, including IDO1 and IDO2) and its inducers (including pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon [IFN]-γ, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-2 and IL-6) were genotyped using SNPscan™ technology, and serum IDO1 levels were detected by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay.ResultsFifty-nine patients (31.72%) were diagnosed with depression at 2 weeks after stroke onset (early-onset PSD). The IDO1 rs9657182 T/T genotype was independently associated with early-onset PSD (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 3.008, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.157-7.822, p = 0.024) and the frequency of rs9657182 T allele was significantly higher in patients with PSD than that in patients with non-PSD (χ2 = 4.355, p = 0.037), but these results did not reach the Bonferroni significance threshold (p &gt; 0.003). Serum IDO1 levels were also independently linked to early-onset PSD (adjusted OR = 1.071, 95% CI 1.002-1.145, p = 0.044) and patients with PSD had higher serum IDO1 levels than patients with non-PSD in the presence of the rs9657182 T allele but not homozygous C allele (t = -2.046, p = 0.043). Stroke patients with the TNF-α rs361525 G/G genotype had higher serum IDO1 levels compared to those with the G/A genotype (Z = -2.451, p = 0.014).ConclusionsOur findings provided evidence that IDO1 gene polymorphisms and protein levels were involved in the development of early-onset PSD and TNF-α polymorphism was associated with IDO1 levels, supporting that IDO1 which underlie strongly regulation by cytokines may be a specific pathway for the involvement of immune-inflammatory mechanism in the pathophysiology of PSD.
Blood meal survey reveals insights into mosquito-borne diseases on the island of Santiago, Cape Verde
Authors: Gonçalves Adéritow Augusto Lopes Macedo , Dias Adelina Helena Campinha , Monteiro Davidson Daniel Sousa , Varela Isaías Baptista Fernandes , da Veiga Leal Silvânia 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe transmission of pathogens by blood-sucking insects to humans and other animals depends on vector-host interactions. As yet unexplored in Cape Verde, mosquito feeding behavior plays a crucial role in pathogen transmission. Herein, we aim to explore, through blood meal analysis, the relationship between mosquito species and common hosts in Santiago Island, Cape Verde.MethodsEngorged female mosquitoes were collected through mechanical aspiration from May 2016 to December 2017 in three municipalities of Santiago Island (Praia, Santa Cruz, and Santa Catarina). Blood-feeding behavior in each municipality was assessed through blood meal analysis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsWe were able to determine that single-host blood meals were common in Aedes aegypti, Anopheles arabiensis, and Culex pipiens sensu lato (s.l.). In general, the mosquitoes preferred to feed on humans, dogs, and chickens, and on multiple hosts, mainly two hosts. The human blood index (HBI) was highest (i.e., 1.00) in Ae. aegypti, with the lowest value (0.40) observed in An. arabiensis. It was observed that, among single-host blood meals, the likelihood of Cx. pipiens s.l. feeding on humans was significantly high, whereas the likelihood of An. arabiensis feeding on humans was significantly low (log-odds ratio (LOR) = 0.85 and –2.44, respectively). In addition, a high likelihood of Ae. aegypti feeding on humans was observed, but this was not statistically significant (LOR = 0.85).DiscussionOverall, our findings demonstrate a lack of feeding preference in Culex pipiens s.l. compared with Ae. aegypti and An. arabiensis. These results provide insights into possible parasite transmission and pathogen spillover/spillback, which threaten human/animal health and the economy in Cape Verde.
Post-weaning diarrhea in pigs from a single Danish production herd was not associated with the pre-weaning fecal microbiota composition and diversity
Authors: Rydal Martin Peter , Gambino Michela , Castro-Mejia Josue L. , Poulsen Louise Ladefoged , Jørgensen Claus Bøttcher , Nielsen Jens Peter 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe association between the porcine pre-weaning gut microbiota composition and diversity, and subsequent post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) susceptibility is currently being studied. In this longitudinal study, we examined the association between pre-weaning fecal microbiome composition and diversity, and PWD development in a Danish sow herd.MethodsForty-five pigs were followed from birth until 7 days after weaning (post-natal day (PND) 33). At PND 33, the pigs were categorized as PWD cases or healthy controls based on fecal consistency. We compared their fecal microbiomes at PND 8, late lactation (PND 27) and 7 days post weaning (PND 33) using 16S rRNA V3 region high-throughput sequencing. At PND 27 and 33, we also weighed the pigs, assessed fecal shedding of hemolytic Escherichia coli by culture and characterized hemolytic isolates by ETEC virulence factors with PCR and by whole genome sequencing.ResultsA total of 25 out of 45 pigs developed PWD and one Enterotoxigenic E. coli strain with F18:LT:EAST1 virotype was isolated from most pigs. At PND 33, we found differences in beta diversity between PWD and healthy pigs (R2 = 0.027, p = 0.009) and that body weight was associated with both alpha and beta diversity. Pre-weaning fecal microbiome diversity did not differ between PWD and healthy pigs and we found no significant, differentially abundant bacteria between them.ConclusionIn the production herd under study, pre-weaning fecal microbiome diversity and composition were not useful indicators of PWD susceptibility.
Alterations in circulating lipidomic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes with or without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Alfadda Assim A. , Almaghamsi Abdulrahman M. , Sherbeeni Suphia Murad , Alqutub Adel N. , Aldosary Abdullah S. , Isnani Arthur C. , Al-Daghri Nasser , Taylor-Robinson Simon D. , Gul Rukhsana 
Published: February 2023

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often coexist and drive detrimental effects in a synergistic manner. This study was designed to understand the changes in circulating lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in patients with T2DM with or without NAFLD.Methods: Four hundred thirty-four T2DM patients aged 18–60 years were included in this study. Fatty liver was assessed by FibroScan. The comprehensive metabolic lipid profiling of serum samples was assessed by using high-throughput proton NMR metabolomics.Results: Our data revealed a significant association between steatosis and serum total lipids in VLDL and LDL lipoprotein subclasses, while total lipids in HDL subclasses were negatively associated. A significant positive association was found between steatosis and concentration of lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides in VLDL and LDL subclasses, while HDL subclasses were negatively associated. Furthermore, a significant, association was observed between fibrosis and concentrations of lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides in very small VLDL, large, and very large HDL subclasses. Subgroup analysis revealed a decrease in the concentrations of lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, and other lipid biomolecules in patients using antilipemic medications.Conclusion: The metabolomics results provide evidence that patients with T2DM with higher steatosis grades have altered lipid metabolomics compared to patients without steatosis. Increased lipid, phospholipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides concentration of VLDL and LDL subclasses are associated with steatosis in patients with T2DM.