bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Effect of Pile Arrangement on Soil Slope Stability during Earth-quakes
Authors: Haqi Hadi Abbood Al-Eqabi , Prokopov A. Yu. , Adoniev N. A. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Natural and man-made slopes may lose stability in the event of change of the physical and mechanical properties of soils, seismic impact or additional loading. This often leads to the activation of landslide processes, damage of buildings, structures, roads and poses a threat to the safety and lives of people. Slopes in earthquake-prone places are the most dangerous and difficult for ensuring stability areas, therefore improving methods of engineering protection of slopes remains a relevant objective. The article studies the physical and numerical modeling of a sandy slope anchored by piles under the seismic impacts.Materials and Methods. The paper uses the numerical methods to study the effect of earthquakes on sandy soil slopes reinforced with piles. The finite element method (FEM) is a widely used method for studying the interaction of structures and soil, especially in the complex combinations of loads and impacts. It accurately reproduces the complex behaviour of the massif, including stresses, deformations, horizontal and vertical displacements, as well as the nature of the collapse observed in the slope-pile system when it is subjected to seismic loads. The simulation of the specified above system is performed in a nonlinear formulation.Results. The work of the pile allows transferring the part of the weight of the surface layers of the slope to deeper and more stable layers, which helps to maintain the stability of the slope. The parameters of the piles affecting the perception of seismic loads and the stability of a reinforced slope, including the type of pile, the method of its construction, earth[1]quake and slope parameters, are studied. The conducted study of the interaction of piles and dynamic loads makes it possible to improve design solutions for engineering protection of slopes from landslide processes in seismic places.Discussion and Conclusion. As a result of modeling, it was found that piles can reduce lateral pressure on the soil, increase the shear strength of the soil and significantly affect the stability of the slope, especially in the event of an earthquake or flood. However, the efficiency of stabilization with piles depends on several factors, such as stiffness, distance between the piles, their length, location on the slope and connection to the foundation.
Welding Electrodes on the Basis of the Graphite Materials
Authors: Tursunov A. S. , Turdaliev U. M. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. In the context of global competition, the high-quality products of the enterprises from the developed countries occupy the leading positions in the world markets, which causes the growth of demand for graphite products. Graphite, due to its unique properties, is used in various industries, including the production of high-temperature furnaces, electrodes for welding and cutting, as well as in battery production technology. The aim of the study is to investigate and analyse the properties of graphite electrodes, their application in welding processes and to evaluate their competitive advantages compared to other types of electrodes. The work is aimed at identifying the features of using graphite electrodes in various industries, such as steelmaking, metallurgy and chemical industry, as well as studying their physical and chemical properties, which make them efficient for the use at high temperatures and in corrosion conditions.Materials and Methods. The research was carried out with reference to the Tazkazgan graphite mine located in the Central Asia. The chemical composition and carbon content of the graphite ore were analysed, which made it possible to classify it into groups by quality. It was found that the ore contains up to 51.8% of graphite and other components that affect its properties. Results. The obtained data show that graphite from the Tazkazgan deposit can be classified by carbon content into low-carbon, medium-carbon and high-carbon, which allows it to be recommended for the production of welding electrodes. The chemical composition of the ore indicates its capacity to be used in various industrial applications.Discussion and Conclusion. Graphite materials mined at the Tazkazgan mine are attributed with the significant quality characteristics, which make them competitive in the market. Further research should focus on optimising processing and application of graphite in new technologies to make the most of its unique properties.
Study On the Consumption of Electronic Cigarettes in University Students in El Salvador, Period 2023
Authors: Pérez Fabio Bautista 
Published: January 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the consumption of electronic cigarettes in university students in El Salvador.

Theoretical framework: Electronic cigarettes heat a liquid that allows them to generate aerosol and be inhaled by their consumers. The liquid used for these devices contains nicotine, which is a highly addictive substance.

Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises a cross-sectional design with a descriptive approach. The study subjects were university students distributed in 14 private universities in El Salvador with a sample of 1,569 students. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire directed to the students who completed it individually.

Results and Discussion: The consumption of electronic cigarettes in the last 30 days was 5.9%, it was found that men consume more than women (3.1% and 2.9% respectively). The days with the most frequency of consumption were one and two days. Other authors found a lower prevalence of consumption, which was 2.5%. In Chile, consumption in the last month was low at 1.1% and in New Zealand it was 1%

Research Implications: The results may be applied or influence practices in the field of e-cigarette or vaping research at the primary and secondary level.
Originality/Value: The data obtained in this research suggests that these products are having a rapid dissemination among young university students in the country, which makes it necessary to carry out a campaign to stop this scourge that affects them.
Identifying Barriers, Facilitators, and Outcomes of Iranian Men’s Participation in Pregnancy and Childbirth Care: A Scoping Review
Authors: Bozorgian Leila , Javadnoori Mozhgan , Irvani Mina , Montazeri Simin 
Published: January 2025

Background: Men’s involvement in pregnancy and childbirth care is crucial for the well-being of both the mother and the child. However, in many countries, the importance of men’s participation in women’s and babies’ health is undervalued. The study aimed to conduct a scoping review of Iranian studies focusing on men’s involvement in pregnancy and childbirth care.
Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley’s six-step scoping review framework and PRISMA guidelines. The systematic search was conducted in various databases, including Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science, as well as Iranian databases like Magiran, Iran Medex, and SID, and the Google Scholar search engine, aimed to identify all relevant studies on the participation of Iranian men in the perinatal period from 2000 to 17 July 2023.
Results: A total of 19 studies were included in the analysis. The two researchers extracted the data separately. The opinions of two other researchers were used to resolve the disagreement between the two researchers. The data were divided into two overall categories. A- Types of studies and B- Barriers, facilitators, and consequences of men’s participation in the perinatal period qualitative data were extracted from the main studies. Thematic synthesis was used for the final stages of the analysis.
Conclusion: The participation of Iranian men in the perinatal period seems weak. To promote men’s involvement in the perinatal period, it is important to address cultural norms and societal expectations that may discourage men from getting involved. Education and awareness campaigns can help challenge these norms and emphasise the important role that men play in supporting maternal and child health.
СИСТЕМА ПІДТРИМКИ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ ЩОДО ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСУ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ УРОЖАЮ ЗА ДАНИМИ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО ЗОНДУВАННЯ
Authors: ОКРУШКО Дмитро , ПАВЛОВА Ольга 
Published: January 2025

У статті досліджується розробка інформаційної системи для підтримки прийняття рішень у сільському господарстві, особливо зосереджуючись на оптимізації виробництва сільськогосподарських культур. Ця система використовує потужність даних дистанційного зондування (RS), яка пропонує цінну інформацію про здоров’я врожаю та стан навколишнього середовища з висоти пташиного польоту. Аналізуючи ці дані, запропонована система надає фермерам інформацію, необхідну для прийняття обґрунтованого вибору протягом сільськогосподарського сезону, що зрештою призводить до підвищення врожайності та покращення управління ресурсами.
Також розглянуто основні функції інформаційної системи. Детально описується процес отримання даних RS з різних платформ, таких як супутники Landsat, Sentinel-2 або PlanetScope. Тут обговорення наголошує на важливості вибору даних з відповідною просторовою та часовою роздільною здатністю для захоплення найбільш релевантних деталей для конкретних сільськогосподарських застосувань. Потім обговорюються методи попередньої обробки для обробки необроблених даних RS, окреслюються методи видалення шуму та помилок для забезпечення точності наступних аналізів. Далі в статті детально описується реалізація різних алгоритмів для аналізу даних. Ці алгоритми витягують значущі характеристики з попередньо оброблених даних RS, наприклад індекси рослинності, які дають уявлення про стан рослин і біомасу, або інші показники, які можуть виявити потенційний стрес урожаю через дефіцит поживних речовин або дефіцит води.
CONCATENATION OF EFFICIENTNETB7 AND RESNET50 MODELS IN THE TASK OF CLASSIFYING OPHTHALMOLOGICAL DISEASES OF DIABETIC ORIGIN
Authors: PROCHUKHAN Dmitro 
Published: January 2025

Diagnosing diabetic eye diseases by doctors using medical equipment requires significant resources. It is advisable to use automated tools. Using combinations of models improves classification accuracy.
The features of the architectures of convolutional neural networks EfficientNetB7 and ResNet50 are presented. The creation of a neural network model by concatenating the EfficientNetB7 and ResNet50 models is justified. Transfer learning is applied. The GlobalAveragePooling2D layer is added to each model. The models are combined using the Concatenate layer. The Flatten layer is added to the resulting model to convert the vector into a one-dimensional array.
Two Dropout layers are added to prevent overtraining. Two Dense layers with 512 and 256 neurons and the ReLU activation function are added for nonlinear data transformation and abstract feature extraction. A Dense layer with 4 neurons and the softmax activation function is added to determine the image class. l2-regularization is used in all Dense layers. The developed neural network model was applied to process a dataset of 4 classes: cataract images, diabetic retinopathy images, glaucoma images, and healthy retina images. The model is compiled using the Adam optimizer, the categorical cross-entropy loss function.
The callback functions ModelCheckpoint, LearningRateScheduler, EarlyStopping, and ReduceLROnPlateau are used to adjust the learning rate. The validation accuracy of the model is improved by augmentation (horizontal and vertical flipping), using l2-regularization, Dropout, and adjusting the callback functions. The training lasted 30 epochs.
The best validation accuracy of 97.39% was achieved at the 29th epoch. The best value of the validation function 0.4323 was achieved at the 30th epoch. The proposed neural network model outperforms the accuracy indicators of models proposed in similar studies. The model can be applied to disease detection and classification tasks.
Pengaruh Customer Experience dan Persepsi Harga terhadap Minat Beli Ulang Aplikasi Streaming Disney+ Hotstar
Authors: Rahmadhani Novia Rizky , Wardhani Nuruni Ika Kusuma 
Published: January 2025

The research intends to explore as well as assess the impact of customer experience also price perception on repurchase interest for the Disney+ Hotstar streaming service. This study was conducted with 110 respondents, all of whom were Disney+ Hotstar customers living in Surabaya. The purposive sampling approach was employed, and the study was quantitative. The data will be measured and analyzed using SmartPLS. The study explains that: (1) Customer Experience has a significant impact on repurchase interest for the Disney+ Hotstar streaming service, and (2) Price Perception positively influences repurchase interest.
Identifying key blood markers for bacteremia in elderly patients: insights into bacterial pathogens
Authors: Zhang Shi-Yan , Zhuo Ying , Li Bu-Ren , Jiang Ying-Ying , Zhang Jie , Cai Na , Yang Lin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThis study aimed to assess the distribution of bacteremia pathogens in elderly patients, examine the impact of gender on pathogen distribution, and evaluate the predictive value of routine blood parameters for diagnosing bacteremia.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 151 elderly patients (≥60 years old) admitted to Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between October 2022 and June 2023. Comprehensive routine blood tests and blood cultures were performed. The diagnostic efficacy of routine blood parameters, including white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and red blood cell distribution width (RDW), was evaluated using receive operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Patients were categorized into either the culture-positive group (82 cases) or the culture-negative group (69 cases) according to blood culture results.ResultsNo significant differences in age and gender were found between the culture-positive and culture-negative groups. The primary bacterial pathogens of bacteremia in the elderly were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus. Elderly female patients demonstrated a significantly higher culture positivity rate for E. coli compared to their male counterparts (P = 0.021). The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for the four parameters were as follows: WBC, 0.851 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.790 - 0.912); NLR, 0.919 (95% CI 0.875 - 0.963); PLR, 0.609 (95% CI 0.518 - 0.700); and RDW was 0.626 (95% CI 0.563 - 0.717).ConclusionsE. coli was identified as the predominant pathogenic microorganism causing bacteremia in the elderly, with a significantly higher culture positivity rate among female patients. Routine blood parameters (WBC, NLR, PLR, and RDW) demonstrated a predictive potential for diagnosing bacteremia in elderly patients.
The MTNR1B Rs724030 variant is associated with islet function and women waist-to-hip ratio in healthy subjects
Authors: Zhang Sijie , Bian Wenxuan , Wang Yan , Shen Min , Qian Yu , Dai Hao , Zheng Shuai , Fu Qi , Xu Kuanfeng , Yang Tao , Jiang Hemin 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the associations between MTNR1B rs724030 A&gt;G variant and prediabetes risk, along with their correlations with clinical features, including plasma glucose and serum insulin levels during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), islet function, insulin resistance, and plasma lipid levels. In particular, we investigated whether there are sex dimorphisms in the impact of this variant on islet function/insulin resistance.MethodsWe included 3415 glucose-tolerant healthy and 1744 prediabetes individuals based on OGTT. Binary logistic regression was performed to evaluate the relationships between rs724030 in MTNR1B and prediabetes under the additive model. Additionally, multiple linear regression was utilized to investigate the associations between this variant and glycemic-related quantitative traits and lipid levels.ResultsWhile no association was observed between the rs724030 variant in MTNR1B and prediabetes risk in the overall cohort (P &gt; 0.05), we found the G allele of this variant was associated with higher fasting and 30-minute plasma glucose levels, decreased Insulinogenic Index (IGI), and oral disposition index (DIo) (P = 0.009, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.007, respectively) in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) individuals with normal BMI levels. Furthermore, we also found significant associations between this variant and IGI, corrected insulin response (CIR), and DIo (All P &lt; 0.001) in female individuals whose waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is greater than 0.85, with considerable heterogeneity (Phet = 0.009, 0.030, and 0.049, respectively) to male participants in the NGT individuals, but not in the impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) individuals. Additionally, no association was observed between this variant and insulin clearance (All P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionsThe MTNR1B rs724030 variant contributes to glycemic traits and islet function, and its effects have sex dimorphisms in the NGT individuals after stratifying by WHR. All these findings provide a basis for accurately assessing islet function in healthy populations and offer a new perspective on precision prevention.
The impact of CD3ζ ITAM multiplicity and sequence on CAR T-cell survival and function
Authors: Majumdar Shubhabrata , Echelibe Hilda , Bettini Maria , Bettini Matthew L. 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing T-cells have shown great promise for the future of cancer immunotherapy with the recent clinical successes achieved in treating different hematologic cancers. Despite these early successes, several challenges remain in the field that require to be solved for the therapy to be more efficacious. One such challenge is the lack of long-term persistence of CD28 based CAR T-cells in patients. Although, CD28 based CAR T-cells elicit a robust acute anti-tumor response, they are more prone to early exhaustion, terminal differentiation and cell death due to their strong signaling patterns. Hence attenuation of signaling strength in CD28 based CARs is an accepted strategy to improve long-term CAR T-cell function and persistence in patients. Previous studies with the conventional T-cell receptor (TCR) have suggested that manipulation of CD3 immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) sequences can alter TCR signaling strength. Based on these studies, we have designed 2nd generation murine anti-CD19 CD28 based CARs with restricted CD3ζ ITAM sequence diversity while maintaining a multiplicity of three. They are called ζAAA, ζBBB and ζCCC based on which CD3ζ ITAM they express. The goal of the study is to understand the non-redundant signaling properties of the individual CD3ζ ITAMs and their effect on CAR T-cell function. We hypothesized that the individual CD3ζ ITAMs will exhibit unique signaling properties in the ITAM restricted CARs which may allow for optimization of CAR signaling and improve CAR T-cell persistence and function.MethodWe subjected the ITAM restricted CAR T cells to various conditions of in vitro stimulation using CD19+ tumor cells or CD19-coated magnetic beads. Immunoblotting and flow cytometry based Ca2+ signaling assays were used to quantify signaling differences. Functional differences were studied using in vitro cytotoxicity, degranulation and cytokine expression assays. CAR T cell exhaustion and differentiation were studied using an in vitro exhaustion assay.ResultsWe observed that ζAAA CARs had stronger signaling strength compared to ζBBB and ζCCC CARs. The signaling differences were reflected in their functional activation profiles with T-cells expressing ζAAA CARs having a strong activation profile and ζCCC CARs having a weak activation profile. ζCCC CAR T cells were less prone to differentiation and exhaustion.DiscussionSince, weaker signaling ζCCC CARs favored less cell death, exhaustion and differentiation, they might be better candidates for improving long term survival and persistence of CAR T cells in patients.
Single nucleotide polymorphism-based visual identification of Rhodiola crenulata using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique
Authors: Hao Li , Shi Xin , Wen Shiyu , Yang Caiye , Chen Yaqi , Yue Samo , Chen Jiaqiang , Luo Kexin , Liu Bingliang , Sun Yanxia , Zhang Yi 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionRhodiola crenulata (Hook.f. &amp; Thomson) H.Ohba, a member of the Crassulaceae family, is a traditional Chinese medicine recognized as the original source of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma in the 2020 edition of the China Pharmacopoeia. It has been widely used in both Asia and Europe to enhance stress resistance and reduce fatigue. However, the classification of Rhodiola species can lead to confusion, raising safety concerns in the herbal medicine market.MethodsThe cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) RT-PCR was used to identify the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites, based on which the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was employed to develop the method in Rh. crenulata identification. The specific loop backward primers, reaction temperature, reaction time, and color indicators were screened and optimized.ResultsSingle nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were identified between Rh. crenulata and two closely related species. Based on the identified SNP sites, the optimal real-time fluorescence LAMP system to identify Rh. crenulata was constructed with the most efficient specific loop backward primers, reaction temperature. The final detection system exhibited a sensitivity of up to 1,000 copies of the target DNA, maintaining a constant reaction temperature of 62°C within 35 minutes. To facilitate visualization, we incorporated two color indicators, hydroxy naphthol blue (HNB) and neutral red (N-red), into the reaction system.DiscussionCollectively, we developed a simple, rapid, specific, sensitive, and visible method to distinguish Rh. crenulata from other two Rhodiola species and Rh. crenulata hybrids. This approach has significant potential for applications in pharmaceutical industry.
Takeaway food consumption and depressive symptoms in Chinese university students: mediating effects of physical activity
Authors: Tan Jianyu , Wang Rui , Su Zhewei , Kong Yiting , Ran Pan , Greenshaw Andrew , Hong Su , Zhang Qi , Wang Wo , Ai Ming , Kuang Li 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe consumption of takeaways is becoming increasingly prevalent. Despite this, the relationship between takeaway food consumption and depressive symptoms in Chinese populations has not been clarified. Furthermore, the factors that mediate the association between takeaway frequency and depressive symptoms are unknown.MethodsQuestionnaires were employed to collect data from 6,417 new students at Chongqing Medical University in the autumn of 2023, including sociodemographic information, takeaway frequency, physical activity levels (measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form), and depressive symptoms (measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Multiple linear regression and mediation analysis were performed. Multiple imputations were used to fill in missing data through sensitivity analyses.ResultsAmong 6417 participants, 2,606 (40.6%) students ordered takeaway at least once a week, with 235 (3.7%) of them ordering takeaway food every day. Takeaway frequency was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (β=0.034, P=0.006), and physical activity partially mediated this relationship (95% bootstrap confidence interval=0.0024, 0.0371).ConclusionsThe study highlights the negative relationship between takeaway frequency and emotional well-being, emphasizing the need to focus on the emotional health of frequent takeaway food consumers. Moreover, our study suggests that increased physical activity may alleviate takeaway-induced mood-related outcomes.