bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Mdivi‐1 on Extending the Golden Treatment Time following Hemorrhagic Shock in Hot Environment in Rats
Authors: Wu Yue , Li Qinghui , Zhu Yu , Zhou Yuanqun , Liu Liangming , Li Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is found that a hot environment aggravates hemorrhagic shock‐induced internal environment and organ dysfunction. Meanwhile mitochondria show over‐fission. Whether inhibition of mitochondrial fission benefits from the early treatment of hemorrhagic shock under a hot environment is unclear. An uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock model in rats is used, and the effects of mitochondrial fission inhibitor mdivi‐1 on mitochondrial function, organ function, and survival rate of rats are measured. The results show that 0.1–3 mg/kg mdivi‐1 antagonizes hemorrhagic shock‐induced mitochondrial fragment. In addition, mdivi‐1 improves mitochondrial function, and alleviates hemorrhagic shock‐induced oxidative stress and inflammation under a hot environment. Further studies show that 0.1–3 mg/kg Mdivi‐1 reduces blood loss, and maintains a mean artery pressure (MAP) of 50–60 mmHg before bleeding‐stops after hemorrhagic shock, compared with single Lactate Ringer's (LR) resuscitation. Notably, 1 mg/kg of Mdivi‐1 extends the time of hypotensive resuscitation to 2–3 h. During 1 or 2 h of ligation, Mdivi‐1 prolongs survival time and protects vital organ function by rescuing mitochondrial morphology and improving mitochondrial function. These results suggest Mdivi‐1 is suitable for the early treatment of hemorrhagic shock under a hot environment and can extend the golden treatment time to 2–3 hour for hemorrhagic shock under a hot environment.
Recruiting T‐Cells toward the Brain for Enhanced Glioblastoma Immunotherapeutic Efficacy by Co‐Delivery of Cytokines and Immune Checkpoint Antibodies with Macrophage‐Membrane‐Camouflaged Nanovesicles
Authors: Xu Xiaoxuan , Zhang Zhiqi , Du Jiawei , Xue Yonger , Chen Xin , Zhang Jianqiong , Yang Xue , Chang Di , Xie Jinbing , Ju Shenghong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) shows promising prospects for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) but with restricted results, mainly attributed to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and the limited antibody permeability of the blood–tumor barrier (BTB) in GBM. Here, nanovesicles with a macrophage‐mimicking membrane are described, that co‐deliver chemotactic CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), to pre‐activate the immune microenvironment, and anti‐programmed death ligand 1 antibody (aPD‐L1), to interrupt the immune checkpoint, aiming to enhance the effect of GBM immunotherapy. Consequently, the tumor tropism of the macrophage membrane and the receptor‐mediated transcytosis of the angiopep‐2 peptide allow the nanovesicle to effectively cross the BTB and target the GBM region, with 19.75‐fold higher accumulation of antibodies compared to the free aPD‐L1 group. The CPI therapeutic efficacy is greatly enhanced by CXCL10‐induced T‐cells recruitment with significant expansion of CD8+ T‐cells and effector memory T‐cells, leading to the elimination of tumor, prolonged survival time, and long‐term immune memory in orthotopic GBM mice. The nanovesicles, that relieve the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment by CXCL10 to enhance aPD‐L1 efficacy, may present a promising strategy for brain‐tumor immunotherapy.
Algebraic surrogate‐based process optimization using Bayesian symbolic learning
Authors: Forster Tim , Vázquez Daniel , Guillén‐Gosálbez Gonzalo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHere, we propose a strategy for the global optimization of process flowsheets, a fundamental problem in process systems engineering, based on algebraic surrogates that are built from rigorous simulations via Bayesian symbolic regression. The applied method provides a closed‐form expression that can be optimized to global optimality using state‐of‐the‐art solvers, where BARON or ANTIGONE were the solvers of choice. When predicting unseen test data, the algebraic models show a similar accuracy level compared to traditional surrogates based on Gaussian processes. However, they can be more easily optimized to global optimality due to their analytical closed‐form structure, which allows the user to apply well‐established global deterministic solvers. We show the capabilities of our approach in several case studies, ranging from process units to full flowsheets. The performance of our approach is assessed by comparing the CPU time for model building, the prediction accuracy of the identified model, and the CPU time for the subsequent optimization with a proven benchmark.
A Perspective on Miniature Soft Robotics: Actuation, Fabrication, Control, and Applications
Authors: Chi Yinding , Zhao Yao , Hong Yaoye , Li Yanbin , Yin Jie 
Published: April 2023

Soft robotics enriches the robotic functionalities by engineering soft materials and electronics toward enhanced compliance, adaptivity, and friendly human machine. This decade has witnessed extraordinary progresses and benefits in scaling down soft robotics to small scale for a wide range of potential and promising applications, including medical and surgical soft robots, wearable and rehabilitation robots, and unconstructed environments exploration. This perspective highlights recent research efforts in miniature soft robotics in a brief and comprehensive way in terms of actuation, powering, designs, fabrication, control, and applications in four sections. Section 2 discusses the key aspects of materials selection and structural designs for small‐scale tethered and untethered actuation and powering, including fluidic actuation, stimuli‐responsive actuation, and soft living biohybrid materials, as well as structural forms from 1D to 3D. Section 3 discusses the advanced manufacturing techniques at small scales for fabricating miniature soft robots, including lithography, mechanical self‐assembly, additive manufacturing, tissue engineering, and other fabrication methods. Section 4 discusses the control systems used in miniature robots, including off‐board/onboard controls and artificial intelligence‐based controls. Section 5 discusses their potential broad applications in healthcare, small‐scale objects manipulating and processing, and environmental monitoring. Finally, outlooks on the challenges and opportunities are discussed.
Inaccurate penicillin allergy labels: Consequences, solutions, and opportunities for rhinologists
Authors: Liu Matthew Y. , McCoul Edward D. , Brooks Edward G. , Lao Veronica F. , Chen Philip G. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryA patient‐reported history of penicillin allergy is a common label with a prevalence of about 10%. However, as many as 95% of patients reporting a penicillin allergy do not have a true immunoglobin‐E (IgE)‐mediated allergic reaction. Unfortunately, penicillin allergy mislabeling is problematic, leading to inappropriate antibiotic use and negative consequences, such as adverse drug events, suboptimal outcomes, and increased costs. As physicians who treat patients of all ages for common sinonasal pathology in the clinic and operating room in addition to frequently providing testing and management of allergic diseases, rhinologists are well positioned to aid in delabeling patients with inaccurate penicillin allergies. This viewpoint highlights the consequences of inaccurate penicillin allergy designation in the clinic and perioperative period and explores misconceptions regarding cross‐reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins. Opportunities are explored for shared decision‐making with colleagues in other specialties, such as anesthesiology, and practical recommendations are provided to aid rhinologists when faced with a patient who holds a questionable history of penicillin allergy. Rhinologists can play an active role in delabeling patients with inaccurate penicillin allergies with the goal of ensuring appropriate antibiotic use for future medical encounters.
Retinotopic degeneration of the retina and optic tracts in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Adhikari Suman , Qiao Yuchuan , Singer Maxwell , Sagare Abhay , Jiang Xuejuan , Shi Yonggang , Ringman John M. , Kashani Amir H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated the correlation between retinal thickness and optic tract integrity in subjects with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) causing mutations.METHODSRetinal thicknesses and diffusion tensor images (DTI) were obtained using optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. The association between retinal thickness and DTI measures was adjusted for age, sex, retinotopy, and correlation between eyes.RESULTSOptic tract mean diffusivity and axial diffusivity were negatively correlated with retinotopically defined ganglion cell inner plexiform thickness (GCIPL). Fractional anisotropy was negatively correlated with retinotopically defined retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. There was no correlation between outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and any DTI measure.DISCUSSIONIn ADAD, GCIPL thickness is significantly associated with retinotopic optic tract DTI measures even in minimally symptomatic subjects. Similar associations were not present with ONL thickness or when ignoring retinotopy. We provide in vivo evidence for optic tract changes resulting from ganglion cell pathology in ADAD.
Comparison of genetic and health risk factors for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease between Hispanic and non‐Hispanic white participants
Authors: Xiao Cally , Pappas Ioannis , Aksman Leon M. , O'Bryant Sid E. , Toga Arthur W. ,   the Health and Aging Brain Study (HABS‐HD) Study Team, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well studied in the non‐Hispanic white (NHW) population but not in the Hispanic population. Additionally, health risk factors such as hypertension, stroke, and depression may also differ between the two populations.METHODSWe combined three data sets (National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center [NACC], Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI], Health and Aging Brain Study: Health Disparities [HABS‐HD]) and compared risk factors for MCI and AD between Hispanic and NHW participants, with a total of 24,268 participants (11.1% Hispanic).RESULTSAPOEε4 was associated with fewer all‐cause MCI cases in Hispanic participants (Hispanic odds ratio [OR]: 1.114; NHW OR: 1.453), and APOEε2 (Hispanic OR: 1.224; NHW OR: 0.592) and depression (Hispanic OR: 2.817; NHW OR: 1.847) were associated with more AD cases in Hispanic participants.DISCUSSIONAPOEε2 may not be protective for AD in Hispanic participants and Hispanic participants with depression may face a higher risk for AD.Highlights
GAAIN allows for discovery of data sets to use in secondary analyses.
APOEε2 was not protective for AD in Hispanic participants.
APOEε4 was associated with fewer MCI cases in Hispanic participants.
Depression was associated with more AD cases in Hispanic participants.
Investigating hafting and composite tool repair as factors creating variability in backed artefacts: Evidence from Ngungara (Weereewa/Lake George), south‐eastern Australia
Authors: Way Amy Mosig , Koungoulos Loukas , Wyatt‐Spratt Simon , Hiscock Peter 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTAcross the Australian continent, backed artefacts are produced in enormous numbers during the mid‐late Holocene. Previous examinations have revealed variation in the average shape of these artefacts, at both continental and regional scales. To better understand the factors creating this variability, we examine a large assemblage of backed artefacts from Ngungara (Weereewa/Lake George), in south‐eastern Australia. This is one of the few open sites in Australia which has high‐resolution evidence for spatially distinct, short‐term workshops. Within these well‐bounded workshops both locally manufactured and imported backed artefacts are present. However, across this landscape the shape of these artefacts is not uniform; rather, similarly shaped backed artefacts are concentrated in different workshop areas. Through the analysis of backed artefacts in different workshops, we suggest that “insert copying” or the replacement of spent inserts with similarly shaped, locally manufactured artefacts creates variability in backed artefact shape.
Catalytic semi‐hydrogenation through hydrogen transfer from carbohydrates as a sustainable hydrogen source over bimetallic PdCuFe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Cho Jin Hee , Won Youngdae , Kim Byeong Moon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe established a novel heterogeneous catalytic system for the semi‐hydrogenation of diphenylacetylene through hydrogen transfer from biomass as an abundant and cheap hydrogen source using a bimetallic PdCuFe3O4 nanoparticle catalyst. A wide range of carbohydrates from biomass sources were successfully utilized in the selective semi‐hydrogenation of diphenylacethylene in 2‐butanone/water.
Development and validation of web‐based prognostic nomograms for massive hepatocellular carcinoma (≥10 cm): A retrospective study based on the SEER database
Authors: Huang Guizhong , Lin Qiaohong , Yin Pengfei , Mao Kai , Zhang Jianlong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsMassive hepatocellular carcinoma (MHCC, a maximum tumor size of at least 10 cm) tends to have a poor prognosis. Therefore, this study aims to construct and validate prognostic nomograms for MHCC.MethodsClinic data of 1292 MHCC patients between 2010 and 2015 were got from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) cancer registration database. The whole set was separated into the training and validation sets at a ratio of 2:1 randomly. Variables, significantly associated with cancer‐specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS) of MHCC were figured out by multivariate Cox regression analysis and were taken to develop nomograms. The concordance index (C‐index), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were taken to validate the predictive abilities and accuracy of the nomograms.ResultsRace, alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP), grade, combined summary stage, and surgery were identified as independent factors of CSS, and fibrosis score, AFP, grade, combined summary stage, and surgery significantly correlated with OS in the training cohort. They then were taken to construct prognostic nomograms. The constructed model for predicting CSS exhibited satisfactory performance with a C‐index of 0.727 (95% CI: 0.746–0.708) in the training group and 0. 672 (95% CI: 0.703–0.641) in the validation group. Besides, the model for predicting OS of MHCC also showed strong performance both in the training group (C‐index: 0.722, 95% CI: 0.741–0.704) and the validation (C‐index: 0.667, 95% CI: 0.696–0.638) group. All calibration curves and decision curves performed satisfactory predictive accuracy and clinic application values of the nomograms.ConclusionThe web‐based nomograms for CSS and OS of MHCC were developed and validated in this study, which prospectively could be tested and may serve as additional tools to assess patient's individualized prognosis and make precise therapeutic selection to improve the poor outcome of MHCC.
Enhanced Stability for Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes by Carbon Layer Coated Ni‐Fe Alloy Catalyst
Authors: Xie Qingqing , He Huizi , Qin Xiaofei , Zhang Min , Wan Hongliu , Song Chang , Yang Yong , Sun Xiaodong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNon‐noble bimetallic alloys serve as an alternative catalytic material for noble metal‐based catalysts that could be applied in selective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds. However, maintaining the catalytic stability for bimetallic nanoparticles in the selective hydrogenation process remains a substantial challenge, due to its high tendency to structural transformation upon reactive circumstances. Herein, this problem is solved by constructing carbon‐protected catalytic sites within carbon layer‐coated Ni−Fe nanoalloy composite via pyrolysis of NiFex(OH)2/glucose precursor. The optimized NiFe0.06@C catalyst exhibits excellent stability and selectivity to aminostyrene (>97 %) in the chemoselectivity hydrogenation of 3‐nitrostyrene reaction. Various characterization indicates that the enhancement in stability originates from the protective effect of the carbon layer, which prevents the oxidation and aggregation of Ni−Fe nanoparticles during the reaction process. This work greatly advances non‐noble metal‐catalyzed selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes and helps the rational design of bimetallic catalysts.
Detection and quantification of two commercial flatfishes (Solea solea and Pleuronectes platessa) in the North Sea using environmental DNA
Authors: Maes Sarah M. , Desmet Sam , Brys Rein , Sys Klaas , Ruttink Tom , Maes Sara , Hostens Kris , Vansteenbrugge Lies , Derycke Sofie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSustainable fisheries management requires regular scientific monitoring of fish stocks. When information on certain fish stocks is limited, environmental DNA (eDNA) holds promise to complement traditional monitoring surveys. However, a better understanding of how eDNA concentrations relate to fish abundance and biomass is needed. Here, eDNA quantification of two commercially important flatfish species in the North‐East Atlantic, common sole (Solea solea) and European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), was assessed. First, species‐specific, probe‐based assays for plaice and sole targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, respectively, were developed (for sole) and validated (for both species). Subsequently, two mesocosm experiments revealed a significant and positive relationship between both abundance and biomass and eDNA concentrations for both species at three eDNA emission time periods (5 min, 1 h, and 24 h). Larger plaice shed significantly more eDNA (copies L−1) than smaller conspecifics. Finally, eDNA was obtained from seawater collected during research surveys in the Belgian part of the North Sea in spring 2020 (i.e., local scale) and the southwestern North Sea in autumn 2020 and 2021 (i.e., regional scale). eDNA concentrations were compared to the observed abundance (individuals per km2) and fish density in terms of biomass (kg per km2) as observed in the trawl at the same station. Local eDNA concentrations of both sole and plaice were positively correlated with observed abundance and fish density. The correlation between regional eDNA concentrations and fish density was positive and significant for sole in 2020 and 2021 and for plaice in 2020, but not in 2021. The correlation between regional eDNA concentrations and observed abundance was positive and significant for sole and plaice in 2020, but not in 2021. These results illustrate the potential of eDNA to estimate abundance and biomass parameters for stock assessments of flatfishes in the North Sea.
Community pharmacist‐provided test and treat programs for acute infectious conditions
Authors: Koski Renee R. , Klepser Nick , Koski Madelyn , Klepser Michael , Klepser Donald 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCommunity pharmacists' roles have expanded in recent years to include offering test and treat programs where they perform testing on Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA)‐waived point‐of‐care testing (POCT) devices to diagnose specific acute infectious conditions, such as influenza and group A streptococcus (GAS) pharyngitis, and then potentially prescribe and dispense appropriate antimicrobials. Availability of these services in pharmacies has several benefits, including increased access to care, decreased overutilization of other health care services, and decreased antimicrobial resistance. States have different requirements for collaborative practice agreements and reimbursement for these clinical services in community pharmacies. Several studies have looked at outcomes related to community pharmacies implementing test and treat programs for influenza and/or GAS. Other studies looked at outcomes related to implementing testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 and referring for treatment. Most studies described successful implementation and barriers to integration of these programs into pharmacy workflow. Some studies showed that patients want these services to be offered in community pharmacies and are willing to pay for the services. Data show that these services are cost effective compared to physician provider‐based treatment. Newer CLIA‐waived POCT technology may increase implementation of these services, but studies are needed to evaluate their utility in community pharmacies. Pharmacy schools should implement widespread training on these devices, and research should continue in this area to test the use of newer technology (i.e., multiplexed devices) and their economic impact.
Nighttime medication administration and patient perception of sleep in the intensive care unit
Authors: Howell Alexandria , Seung Hyunuk , So Jennifer Y. , Schuchardt Jessica , Ahmed Nehal , Wilburn Brady , Heavner Mojdeh S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionEnvironmental, patient, disease, and care‐related factors can lead to sleep disruption in the intensive care unit (ICU). Medication administration is a potentially modifiable factor in this setting that has not been well described as a target for sleep improvement.ObjectivesTo determine characteristics of nighttime medication administration practices in the ICU, evaluate the effect on patient perceived sleep, and assess the opportunity for pharmacist‐led nighttime medication administration stewardship.MethodsThis was a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study. Patients included for chart review had perceived sleep measured using the Richards‐Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ). Data were collected on patient characteristics, ICU exposures, and nighttime medications administered. Four RCSQ groups defined for comparison were RCSQ 0–25 indicating “very poor” sleep, 26–50 “poor” sleep, 51–75 “good” sleep, and 76–100 “very good” sleep.ResultsOverall, 115 patients with RCSQ assessments and 435 nighttime medication administrations were included. Nighttime medications were most commonly cardiovascular (28.9%) and central nervous system (21.4%) agents, administered via intravenous (54.5%) and oral (22.7%) routes. Patient characteristics were comparable between the four groups except for history of head trauma. Patients reporting very poor sleep had a significantly higher median number of nighttime medications administered as compared to patients reporting very good sleep (4.0 [interquartile range (IQR) (2, 6)] vs. 2.5 [IQR 1, 4], adjusted p = 0.048). Approximately three‐quarters of nighttime medications occurred between the hours of 22:00–0:59 and 5:00–5:59. Nearly 40% of nighttime medications could have been retimed for daytime administration.ConclusionsUnnecessary nighttime medication administration is common and associated with poor patient perceived sleep in the ICU. Pharmacists are well‐positioned to evaluate timing of medication administration and cluster medication‐related care for daytime hours, when appropriate. Nighttime medication stewardship optimization by pharmacists is an opportunity to improve patient perceived sleep in the ICU.