bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum controllability on graph-like manifolds through magnetic potentials and boundary conditions
Authors: Balmaseda Aitor , Lonigro Davide , Pérez-Pardo Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We investigate the controllability of an infinite-dimensional quantum system: a quantum particle confined on a Thick Quantum Graph, a generalisation of Quantum Graphs whose edges are allowed to be manifolds of arbitrary dimension with quasi-δ boundary conditions. This is a particular class of self-adjoint boundary conditions compatible with the graph structure. We prove that global approximate controllability can be achieved using two physically distinct protocols: either using the boundary conditions as controls, or using time-dependent magnetic fields. Both cases have time-dependent domains for the Hamiltonians.
Influence of laser texturing on hydrophobicity and slurry erosion behaviour of VC-CuNiCr based HVOF coatings
Authors: Singh Vikrant , Singla Anil Kumar , Bansal Anuj 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces had gained attention all over the world owing to their unique properties such as self-cleaning, drag reduction, and anti-bacterial etc. The current research has used the laser texturing approach to create a micro-textured surface over SS316 steel with HVOF sprayed VC and CuNi-Cr coating. Aspects of static contact angle, cross-sectional characterization, hardness, erosive wear resistance were compared with textured and non-textured surfaces. Slurry erosion experimentation was conducted as per ASTM G-73 standards using water (slurry) jet erosion test rig. From the results, it was concluded that laser texturing can be used as an effective technique for enhancing the static contact angle; development of pillar like structure can be said as a probable reason for the development of said effect. The failure mechanism was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images; and it was noted that hard surfaces experienced brittle mode of failure whereas soft surfaces experienced ductile mode of failure.
Plant optics: underlying mechanisms in remotely sensed signals for phenotyping applications
Authors: Wong Christopher Y S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Optical-based remote sensing offers great potential for phenotyping vegetation traits and functions for a range of applications including vegetation monitoring and assessment. A key strength of optical-based approaches is the underlying mechanistic link to vegetation physiology, biochemistry, and structure that influences a spectral signal. By exploiting spectral variation driven by plant physiological response to environment, remotely sensed products can be used to estimate vegetation traits and functions. However, oftentimes these products are proxies based on covariance, which can lead to misinterpretation and decoupling under certain scenarios. This viewpoint will discuss (i) the optical properties of vegetation, (ii) applications of vegetation indices, solar-induced fluorescence, and machine-learning approaches, and (iii) how covariance can lead to good empirical proximation of plant traits and functions. Understanding and acknowledging the underlying mechanistic basis of plant optics must be considered as remotely sensed data availability and applications continue to grow. Doing so will enable appropriate application and consideration of limitations for the use of optical-based remote sensing for phenotyping applications.
VariantHunter: a method and tool for fast detection of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Pinoli Pietro , Canakoglu Arif , Ceri Stefano , Chiara Matteo , Ferrandi Erika , Minotti Luca , Bernasconi Anna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic, large datasets of SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences were collected to closely monitor the evolution of the virus and identify the novel variants/strains. By analyzing genome sequencing data, health authorities can ‘hunt’ novel emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 as early as possible, and then monitor their evolution and spread. We designed VariantHunter, a highly flexible and user-friendly tool for systematically monitoring the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 at global and regional levels. In VariantHunter, amino acid changes are analyzed over an interval of 4 weeks in an arbitrary geographical area (continent, country, or region); for every week in the interval, the prevalence is computed and changes are ranked based on their increase or decrease in prevalence. VariantHunter supports two main types of analysis: lineage-independent and lineage-specific. The former considers all the available data and aims to discover new viral variants. The latter evaluates specific lineages/viral variants to identify novel candidate designations (sub-lineages and sub-variants). Both analyses use simple statistics and visual representations (diffusion charts and heatmaps) to track viral evolution. A dataset explorer allows users to visualize available data and refine their selection. VariantHunter is a web application free to all users. The two types of supported analysis (lineage-independent and lineage-specific) allow user-friendly monitoring of the viral evolution, empowering genomic surveillance without requiring any computational background.
Database URL http://gmql.eu/variant_hunter/
PearMODB: a multiomics database for pear (Pyrus) genomics, genetics and breeding study
Authors: Hu Jian , Huang Baisha , Yin Hao , Qi Kaijie , Jia Yuanyuan , Xie Zhihua , Gao Yuan , Li Hongxiang , Li Qionghou , Wang Zewen , Zou Ying , Zhang Shaoling , Qiao Xin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Pear (Pyrus ssp.) belongs to Rosaceae and is an important fruit tree widely cultivated around the world. Currently, challenges to cope with the burgeoning sets of multiomics data are rapidly increasing. Here, we constructed the Pear Multiomics Database (PearMODB) by integrating genome, transcriptome, epigenome and population variation data, and aimed to provide a portal for accessing and analyzing pear multiomics data. A variety of online tools were built including gene search, BLAST, JBrowse, expression heatmap, synteny analysis and primer design. The information of DNA methylation sites and single-nucleotide polymorphisms can be retrieved through the custom JBrowse, providing an opportunity to explore the genetic polymorphisms linked to phenotype variation. Moreover, different gene families involving transcription factors, transcription regulators and disease resistance (nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat) were identified and compiled for quick search. In particular, biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were identified in pear genomes, and specialized webpages were set up to show detailed information of BGCs, laying a foundation for studying metabolic diversity among different pear varieties. Overall, PearMODB provides an important platform for pear genomics, genetics and breeding studies.
Database URL http://pearomics.njau.edu.cn
Characteristics, management, and outcomes of active cancer patients with cardiogenic shock
Authors: Merdji Hamid , Gantzer Justine , Bonello Laurent , Lamblin Nicolas , Roubille François , Levy Bruno , Champion Sebastien , Lim Pascal , Schneider Francis , Cariou Alain , Khachab Hadi , Bourenne Jeremy , Seronde Marie-France , Schurtz Guillaume , Harbaoui Brahim , Vanzetto Gerald , Quentin Charlotte , Curtiaud Anais , Kurtz Jean-Emmanuel , Combaret Nicolas , Marchandot Benjamin , Lattuca Benoit , Biendel Caroline , Leurent Guillaume , Bataille Vincent , Gerbaud Edouard , Puymirat Etienne , Bonnefoy Eric , Aissaoui Nadia , Delmas Clément 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
Characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with active cancer admitted for cardiogenic shock remain largely unknown. This study aimed to address this issue and identify the determinants of 30-day and 1-year mortality in a large cardiogenic shock cohort of all aetiologies.

Methods and results
FRENSHOCK is a prospective multicenter observational registry conducted in French critical care units between April and October 2016. ‘Active cancer’ was defined as a malignancy diagnosed within the previous weeks with planned or ongoing anticancer therapy. Among the 772 enrolled patients (mean age 65.7 ± 14.9 years; 71.5% male), 51 (6.6%) had active cancer. Among them, the main cancer types were solid cancers (60.8%), and hematological malignancies (27.5%). Solid cancers were mainly urogenital (21.6%), gastrointestinal (15.7%), and lung cancer (9.8%). Medical history, clinical presentation, and baseline echocardiography were almost the same between groups. In-hospital management significantly differed: patients with cancers received more catecholamines or inotropes (norepinephrine 72% vs. 52%, P = 0.005 and norepinephrine-dobutamine combination 64.7% vs. 44.5%, P = 0.005), but had less mechanical circulatory support (5.9% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.016). They presented a similar 30-day mortality rate (29% vs. 26%) but a significantly higher mortality at 1-year (70.6% vs. 45.2%, P &lt; 0.001). In multivariable analysis, active cancer was not associated with 30-day mortality but was significantly associated with 1-year mortality in 30-day survivors [HR 3.61 (1.29–10.11), P = 0.015].

Conclusion
Active cancer patients accounted for almost 7% of all cases of cardiogenic shock. Early mortality was the same regardless of active cancer or not, whereas long-term mortality was significantly increased in patients with active cancer.
Prognostic value of left ventricular myocardial work indices in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Wu Hoi W , Fortuni Federico , Butcher Steele C , van der Kley Frank , de Weger Arend , Delgado Victoria , Jukema J Wouter , Bax Jeroen J , Ajmone Marsan Nina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
Left ventricular myocardial work (LVMW) is a novel echocardiographic-based method to assess left ventricular (LV) function using pressure–strain loops taking into account LV afterload. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of LVMW indices in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods and results
LV global work index (LV GWI), LV global constructive work (LV GCW), LV global wasted work (LV GWW), and LV global work efficiency (LV GWE) were calculated in 281 patients with severe AS [age 82, interquartile range (IQR) 78–85 years, 52% male] before the TAVR procedure. LV systolic pressure was derived non-invasively by adding the mean aortic gradient to the brachial systolic pressure to adjust for afterload and calculate LVMW indices. Overall, the average LV GWI was 1872 ± 753 mmHg%, GCW 2240 ± 797 mmHg%, GWW 200 (IQR 127–306) mmHg%, and GWE 89 (IQR 84–93)%. During a median follow-up of 52 (IQR 41–67) months, 64 patients died. While LV GWI was independently associated with all-cause mortality (Hazard ratio per-tertile-increase 0.639; 95%CI 0.463–0.883; P = 0.007), LV GCW, GWW, and GWE were not. When added to a basal model, LV GWI yielded a higher increase in predictivity compared to the left ventricular ejection fraction as well as LV global longitudinal strain and LV GCW, and also across the different haemodynamic categories (including low-flow low-gradient) of AS.

Conclusion
LV GWI is independently associated with all-cause mortality in patients undergoing TAVR and has a higher prognostic value compared to both conventional and advanced parameters of LV systolic function.
Association between remnant cholesterol and progression of bioprosthetic valve degeneration
Authors: Li Ziang , Zhang Bin , Salaun Erwan , Côté Nancy , Mahjoub Haifa , Mathieu Patrick , Dahou Abdelaziz , Zenses Anne-Sophie , Xu Yujun , Pibarot Philippe , Wu Yongjian , Clavel Marie-Annick 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
Remnant cholesterol (RC) seems associated with native aortic stenosis. Bioprosthetic valve degeneration may share similar lipid-mediated pathways with aortic stenosis. We aimed to investigate the association of RC with the progression of bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration and ensuing clinical outcomes.

Methods and results
We enrolled 203 patients with a median of 7.0 years (interquartile range: 5.1–9.2) after surgical aortic valve replacement. RC concentration was dichotomized by the top RC tertile (23.7 mg/dL). At 3-year follow-up, 121 patients underwent follow-up visit for the assessment of annualized change in aortic valve calcium density (AVCd). RC levels showed a curvilinear relationship with an annualized progression rate of AVCd, with increased progression rates when RC &gt;23.7 mg/dL (P = 0.008). There were 99 deaths and 46 aortic valve re-interventions in 133 patients during a median clinical follow-up of 8.8 (8.7–9.6) years. RC &gt;23.7 mg/dL was independently associated with mortality or re-intervention (hazard ratio: 1.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.31–2.99; P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Elevated RC is independently associated with faster progression of bioprosthetic valve degeneration and increased risk of all-cause mortality or aortic valve re-intervention.
Prevalence of heart failure stages in the general population and implications for heart failure prevention: reports from the China Hypertension Survey 2012–15
Authors: Cai Anping , Zheng Congyi , Qiu Jiayuan , Fonarow Gregg C , Lip Gregory Y H , Feng Yingqing , Wang Zengwu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
There are no nationwide epidemiological data on heart failure (HF) stages in China. Knowledge of the prevalence of HF stages is crucial for planning HF prevention and management strategies. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HF stages in the general Chinese population and the specific prevalence by age, sex, and urbanity.

Methods and results
This is a cross-sectional study and national representative general population aged ≥ 35 years (n = 31 494, mean age 57.4 years, women 54.1%) were obtained from the China Hypertension Survey. Participants were divided into Stage A (at-risk for HF), Stage B (pre-HF), and Stage C (symptomatic HF). Survey weights were calculated based on the 2010 China population census data. The prevalence of Stage A was 35.8% (≈245.1 million), Stage B 42.8% (≈293.1 million), and Stage C 1.1% (≈7.5 million). The prevalence of Stages B and C increased with increasing age (P &lt; 0.0001). Women had lower prevalence of Stage A (32.6% vs. 39.3%; P &lt; 0.0001) but higher prevalence of Stage B (45.9% vs. 39.5%; P &lt; 0.0001) than men. People from rural area had lower prevalence of Stage A (31.9% vs. 41.0%; P &lt; 0.0001) but higher prevalence of Stage B (47.8% vs. 36.2%; P &lt; 0.0001) than people from urban. The prevalence of Stage C was similar by sex and urbanity.

Conclusion
The burdens of pre-clinical and clinical HF are high and vary by age, sex, and urbanity in China. Targeted interventions are needed to reduce the high burden of pre-clinical and clinical HF.
Investigating the challenges and opportunities for sustainable waterfront development in Jeddah City
Authors: Zaki Sultan Khalid , Hegazy Ibrahim Rizk 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The research paper discusses the challenges and opportunities surrounding sustainable waterfront development in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. The city faces several challenges such as inadequate infrastructure and hasty urbanization, but its strategic location, cultural heritage, and economic potential provide opportunities for sustainable development. The paper presents a comprehensive literature review of successful case studies from other cities and regions to identify the best practices and innovative methods for sustainable waterfront development in Jeddah City. The paper recommends green infrastructure, public–private partnerships and community-based planning and design to promote sustainable waterfront development. The paper emphasizes the need for an integrated and coordinated approach to waterfront development that focuses on enhancing resilience, preserving cultural heritage and promoting social equity. The paper suggests that further research is necessary to better understand the challenges and opportunities for sustainable waterfront development in Jeddah City. The areas that require attention include stakeholder engagement, the impact of climate change and the potential for alternative financing mechanisms. The findings of this research paper can guide policy makers, planners, developers and community leaders to make informed decisions toward sustainable waterfront development in Jeddah City.
Validation of an HPLC Method for the Determination of Diclofenac Diethylamine and Three of Its Impurities in a Gel Pharmaceutical Form
Authors: El Kacemi Mounir , El Orche Aimen , Elhamdaoui Omar , Laouni Amine , Azougagh Mohamed , Karrouchi Khalid , Bouatia Mustapha , El Karbane Miloud 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Monitoring impurities in drug products is a principal requirement of pharmaceutical regulatory authorities all over the world to ensure drug safety. For this reason, there is a great need for analytical QC of dugs products.

Objective
In this study, a simple, efficient, and direct HPLC method was developed for the determination of three impurities of diclofenac.

Methods
The HPLC method was developed using a mobile phase which consisted of an HPLC grade mixture, acetonitrile–0.01M phosphoric acid adjusted to pH 2.3 (1 + 3, by volume).

Results
The separation was performed in 15 min. The calibration curves of the three impurities were linear; the correlation coefficients were 0.999 at concentrations of 0.00015–0.003 µg/mL.

Conclusion
The validation of this method shows that it meets all validation criteria. This shows the reliability of this method for the routine control of diclofenac impurities.

Highlights
The validation of a robust HPLC method for the determination of diclofenac impurities is of great importance for the pharmaceutical industry to control its products.
A multicenter, retrospective observational study investigating baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes in patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Taguchi Satoru , Onozawa Mizuki , Hinotsu Shiro , Kawai Taketo , Mitomi Takeshi , Uno Satoshi , Kume Haruki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
This multicenter, retrospective, observational study investigated baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes in patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer who received primary androgen deprivation therapy, using Japan Study Group of Prostate Cancer registry data.

Methods
Among patients in the Japan Study Group of Prostate Cancer registry, those who initiated primary androgen deprivation therapy and were aged 20 years or older were enrolled in this study. The primary endpoint was time to disease progression, defined as time from primary androgen deprivation therapy initiation to either prostate-specific antigen or clinical progression. Secondary endpoints included prostate-specific antigen progression-free survival, prostate-specific antigen response (90% or greater reduction from baseline) and distribution of second-line treatment.

Results
Of the 2494 patients (goserelin, n = 564; leuprorelin, n = 1148; surgical castration, n = 161; degarelix, n = 621), those who received degarelix had higher prostate-specific antigen levels and Gleason scores and were at a more advanced clinical stage than those receiving goserelin or leuprorelin. The median time to disease progression (identical to the prostate-specific antigen progression-free survival result) was not reached for goserelin and leuprorelin, 52.7 months for surgical castration and 54.0 months for degarelix. Although baseline prostate-specific antigen values in the degarelix cohort were higher than those of the leuprorelin or goserelin cohorts, prostate-specific antigen responses were not different among the three cohorts. Regarding second-line treatment, the largest patient group received degarelix followed by leuprorelin (n = 195).

Conclusions
This study clarified patient characteristics and long-term effectiveness of primary androgen deprivation therapy in real-world clinical practice. Japanese urologists appear to select appropriate primary androgen deprivation therapy based on patient background and tumour characteristics, with degarelix largely reserved for higher risk patients.
Selective glomerular hypofiltration syndrome
Authors: Quiroga Borja , Ortiz Alberto , Díez Javier 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) provides insight into cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification and proactive management. Accumulating evidence suggests that combining eGFR calculated from serum cystatin C (eGFRcys) and from serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) improves CVD risk stratification over eGFRcrea alone. The term selective glomerular hypofiltration syndrome (SGHS) or shrunken pore syndrome has been proposed to define an eGFRcys:eGFRcrea ratio &lt;1, which is hypothesized to result from a reduced glomerular filtration of 5- to 30-kDa molecules as compared with smaller molecules. SGHS may be identified in people with normal or reduced measured GFR, but the prevalence depends on the cut-off value of the eGFRcys:eGFRcrea ratio used, which is not yet standardized. SGHS is strongly associated with increased CVD and mortality risks and it may offer an opportunity to expand our understanding of the mechanisms linking GFR disorders with CVD risk (e.g. an altered plasma proteome), which may guide treatment decisions. However, muscle wasting may also contribute to a reduced eGFRcys:eGFRcrea ratio and there are open questions regarding the pathophysiology of a reduced eGFRcys:eGFRcrea ratio, the reference cut-off values of the ratio to define the syndrome and its clinical implications. We now critically review the SGHS concept, its pathophysiological basis and links to CVD and the potential consequences for clinical practice and propose a research agenda.
Generalized homology and Atiyah–Hirzebruch spectral sequence in crystalline symmetry protected topological phenomena
Authors: Shiozaki Ken , Xiong Charles Zhaoxi , Gomi Kiyonori 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We propose that symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases with crystalline symmetry are formulated by an equivariant generalized homology $h^G_n(X)$ over a real space manifold X with G a crystalline symmetry group. The Atiyah–Hirzebruch spectral sequence unifies various notions in crystalline SPT phases, such as the layer construction, higher-order SPT phases, and Lieb–Schultz–Mattis-type theorems. This formulation is applicable to not only free fermionic systems but also interacting systems with arbitrary onsite and crystal symmetries.