bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sacituzumab govitecan and radiotherapy in metastatic, triple-negative, and BRCA-mutant breast cancer patient with active brain metastases: A case report
Authors: di Mauro Pierluigi , Schivardi Greta , Pedersini Rebecca , Laini Lara , Esposito Andrea , Amoroso Vito , Laganà Marta , Grisanti Salvatore , Cosentini Deborah , Berruti Alfredo 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive cancer subtype, owing to its high metastatic potential: Patients who develop brain metastases (BMs) have a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective systemic treatments. Surgery and radiation therapy are valid options, while pharmacotherapy still relies on systemic chemotherapy, which has limited efficacy. Among the new treatment strategies available, the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) sacituzumab govitecan has shown an encouraging activity in metastatic TNBC, even in the presence of BMs.Case presentationA 59-year-old woman was diagnosed with early TNBC and underwent surgery and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy. A germline pathogenic variant in BReast CAncer gene 2 (BRCA2) was revealed after genetic testing. After 11 months from the completion of adjuvant treatment, she had pulmonary and hilar nodal relapse and began first-line chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel. However, after only 3 months from starting the treatment, she experienced relevant disease progression, due to the appearance of numerous and symptomatic BMs. Sacituzumab govitecan (10 mg/kg) was started as second-line treatment as part of the Expanded Access Program (EAP). She reported symptomatic relief after the first cycle and received whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) concomitantly to sacituzumab govitecan treatment. The subsequent CT scan showed an extracranial partial response and a near-to-complete intracranial response; no grade 3 adverse events were reported, even if sacituzumab govitecan was reduced to 7.5 mg/kg due to persistent G2 asthenia. After 10 months from starting sacituzumab govitecan, a systemic disease progression was documented, while intracranial response was maintained.ConclusionsThis case report supports the potential efficacy and safety of sacituzumab govitecan in the treatment of early recurrent and BRCA-mutant TNBC. Despite the presence of active BMs, our patient had a progression-free survival (PFS) of 10 months in the second-line setting and sacituzumab govitecan was safe when administered together with radiation therapy. Further real-world data are warranted to confirm sacituzumab govitecan efficacy in this patient population.
Labor epidural analgesia and risk of autism Spectrum disorders in offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fang Ling-ling , Zhou Yuan-yue , Jiang Hai-yin , Shi Yu-dan 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe effect of labor epidural anesthesia (LEA) on the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring has been investigated recently, and available results are inconsistent.MethodsWe searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases for relevant studies and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the sources of heterogeneity. Both fixed and random effects models were used was used to estimate overall relative risk.ResultsOur results showed that LEA was associated with an increased risk of ASD in offspring [HR = 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25–1.35; P &lt; 0.001] after combining crude estimates from the included studies. This association was gradually reduced, but still statistically significant, when potential confounding factors were considered (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.25, P = 0.014). However, there was no significant association when we combined data of siblings from other pregnancies (HR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.99–1.16, P = 0.076), implying that the association was due to confounding factors.ConclusionThe statistically significant association between LEA and ASD in the offspring can be partially explained by unmeasured confounding.Systematic Review RegistrationIdentifier CRD42022302892.
A comparison of urinary bladder weight in male and female mice across five models of diabetes and obesity
Authors: Erdogan Betül R. , Michel Martina B. , Matthes Jan , Castañeda Tamara R. , Christen Urs , Arioglu-Inan Ebru , Michel Martin C. , Pautz Andrea 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Diabetes often leads to lower urinary tract dysfunction. The most frequently assessed parameter of urinary bladder dysfunction in animal models of diabetes is an enlargement of the bladder, which is consistently observed in type 1 and less consistently in type 2 diabetes. The vast majority of studies on bladder weight in animal models of diabetes and obesity has been performed in males, and no studies have directly compared this outcome parameter between sexes.Methods: Therefore, we have compared bladder weight and bladder/body weight ratio in five mouse models of obesity and diabetes (RIP-LCMV, db/db, ob/ob (two studies), insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) knock-out mice and mice on a high-fat diet; pre-specified secondary analysis of a previously reported study).Results: In a pooled analysis of the control groups of all studies, females exhibited slightly lower glucose levels, lower body weight, and lower bladder weight, but bladder/body weight ratio was similar in both sexes (0.957 vs. 0.986 mg/g, mean difference 0.029 [−0.06; 0.118]). Among the six diabetic/obese groups, bladder/body weight ratio was similar in both sexes in three but smaller in female mice in three other groups. The mRNA expression of a panel of genes implied in the pathophysiology of bladder enlargement and/or fibrosis and inflammation did not differ systematically between sexes.Conclusions: We conclude that sex differences in diabetes/obesity-associated bladder enlargement may be model dependent.
Levels of hormones regulating appetite and energy homeostasis in response to a 1.5-Year combined lifestyle intervention for obesity
Authors: Kuckuck Susanne , van der Valk Eline S. , Scheurink Anton J. W. , Lengton Robin , Mohseni Mostafa , Visser Jenny A. , Iyer Anand M. , van den Berg Sjoerd A. A. , van Rossum Elisabeth F. C. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Weight loss can induce changes in appetite-regulating hormone levels, possibly linked to increases in appetite and weight regain. However, hormonal changes vary across interventions. Here, we studied levels of appetite-regulating hormones during a combined lifestyle intervention (CLI: healthy diet, exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy).Methods: We measured levels of long-term adiposity-related hormones (leptin, insulin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin) and short-term appetite hormones (PYY, cholecystokinin, gastric-inhibitory polypeptide, pancreatic polypeptide, FGF21, AgRP) in overnight-fasted serum of 39 patients with obesity. Hormone levels were compared between T0 (baseline), T1 (after 10 weeks) and T2 (end of treatment, 1.5 years). T0-T1 hormone changes were correlated with T1-T2 anthropometric changes.Results: Initial weight loss at T1 was maintained at T2 (−5.0%, p &lt; 0.001), and accompanied by decreased leptin and insulin levels at T1 and T2 (all p &lt; 0.05) compared to T0. Most short-term signals were not affected. Only PP levels were decreased at T2 compared to T0 (p &lt; 0.05). Most changes in hormone levels during initial weight loss did not predict subsequent changes in anthropometrics, except for T0-T1 decreases in FGF21 levels and T0-T1 increases in HMW adiponectin levels tended to be associated with larger T1-T2 increases in BMI (p &lt; 0.05 and p = 0.05, respectively).Conclusion: CLI-induced weight loss was associated with changes in levels of long-term adiposity-related hormones towards healthy levels, but not with orexigenic changes in most short-term appetite signals. Our data indicates that the clinical impact of alterations in appetite-regulating hormones during modest weight loss remains questionable. Future studies should investigate potential associations of weight-loss-induced changes in FGF21 and adiponectin levels with weight regain.
Racial/ethnic and gender disparity in the severity of NAFLD among people with diabetes or prediabetes
Authors: Shaheen Magda , Schrode Katrina M. , Tedlos Marielle , Pan Deyu , Najjar Sonia M. , Friedman Theodore C. 
Published: February 2023

Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exhibits a racial disparity. We examined the prevalence and the association between race, gender, and NAFLD among prediabetes and diabetes populations among adults in the United States.Methods: We analyzed data for 3,190 individuals ≥18 years old from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018. NAFLD was diagnosed by FibroScan® using controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values: S0 (none) &lt; 238, S1 (mild) = 238–259, S2 (moderate) = 260–290, S3 (severe) &gt; 290. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression, adjusting for confounding variables and considering the design and sample weights.Results: Of the 3,190 subjects, the prevalence of NAFLD was 82.6%, 56.4%, and 30.5% (p &lt; 0.0001) among diabetes, prediabetes and normoglycemia populations respectively. Mexican American males with prediabetes or diabetes had the highest prevalence of severe NAFLD relative to other racial/ethnic groups (p &lt; 0.05). In the adjusted model, among the total, prediabetes, and diabetes populations, a one unit increase in HbA1c was associated with higher odds of severe NAFLD [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.8, 95% confidence level (CI) = 1.4–2.3, p &lt; 0.0001; AOR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.1–4.4, p = 0.033; and AOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1–1.9, p = 0.003 respectively].Conclusion: We found that prediabetes and diabetes populations had a high prevalence and higher odds of NAFLD relative to the normoglycemic population and HbA1c is an independent predictor of NAFLD severity in prediabetes and diabetes populations. Healthcare providers should screen prediabetes and diabetes populations for early detection of NAFLD and initiate treatments including lifestyle modification to prevent the progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or liver cancer.
Transcriptome-based variations effectively untangling the intraspecific relationships and selection signals in Xinyang Maojian tea population
Authors: Cheng Lin , Li Mengge , Wang Yachao , Han Qunwei , Hao Yanlin , Qiao Zhen , Zhang Wei , Qiu Lin , Gong Andong , Zhang Zhihan , Li Tao , Luo Shanshan , Tang Linshuang , Liu Daliang , Yin Hao , Lu Song , Balbuena Tiago Santana , Zhao Yiyong 
Published: February 2023

As one of the world’s top three popular non-alcoholic beverages, tea is economically and culturally valuable. Xinyang Maojian, this elegant green tea, is one of the top ten famous tea in China and has gained prominence for thousands of years. However, the cultivation history of Xinyang Maojian tea population and selection signals of differentiation from the other major variety Camellia sinensis var. assamica (CSA) remain unclear. We newly generated 94 Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis) transcriptomes including 59 samples in the Xinyang area and 35 samples collected from 13 other major tea planting provinces in China. Comparing the very low resolution of phylogeny inferred from 1785 low-copy nuclear genes with 94 C. sinensis samples, we successfully resolved the phylogeny of C. sinensis samples by 99,115 high-quality SNPs from the coding region. The sources of tea planted in the Xinyang area were extensive and complex. Specifically, Shihe District and Gushi County were the two earliest tea planting areas in Xinyang, reflecting a long history of tea planting. Furthermore, we identified numerous selection sweeps during the differentiation of CSA and CSS and these positive selection genes are involved in many aspects such as regulation of secondary metabolites synthesis, amino acid metabolism, photosynthesis, etc. Numerous specific selective sweeps of modern cultivars were annotated with functions in various different aspects, indicating the CSS and CSA populations possibly underwent independent specific domestication processes. Our study indicated that transcriptome-based SNP-calling is an efficient and cost-effective method in untangling intraspecific phylogenetic relationships. This study provides a significant understanding of the cultivation history of the famous Chinese tea Xinyang Maojian and unravels the genetic basis of physiological and ecological differences between the two major tea subspecies.
The influence of different physical exercise amounts on learning burnout in adolescents: The mediating effect of self-efficacy
Authors: Fu Wensheng , Li Yan , Liu Yajun , Li Dan , Wang Gang , Liu Yongsen , Zhang Tingran , Zheng Yunfeng 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of physical exercise on learning burnout in adolescents, and to reveal the mediating effect of self-efficacy between different physical exercise amounts and learning burnout.MethodsA total of 610 adolescents from 5 primary and middle schools in Chongqing, China were investigated with the Physical Exercise Rating Scale (PARS-3), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and the Learning Burnout Scale (LBS). The SPSS21.0 and AMOS21.0 statistical software were used to process and analyze the data.Results(1) The physical exercise amount in boys was significantly higher than that in girls, but there was no significant gender difference in self-efficacy and learning burnout. Meanwhile, the academic alienation and low sense of achievement of primary school students were significantly lower than that of junior high school students, and there was no significant difference in the physical exercise amount and self-efficacy. (2) The physical exercise amount in adolescents was positively correlated with self-efficacy (r = 0.41), negatively correlated with learning burnout (r = −0.46), and self-efficacy was negatively correlated with learning burnout (r = −0.45). (3) The physical exercise amount could directly and negatively predict the learning burnout of adolescents (β = −0.40), and self-efficacy played a partial mediating effect between the amount of physical exercise and learning burnout (ES = -0.19). (4) Self-efficacy had no significant mediating effect between low exercise amount and learning burnout, but had a significant partial mediating effect between moderate (ES = -0.15) and high exercise amount (ES = -0.22) and learning burnout, and the partial mediating effect between high exercise amount and learning burnout was the highest.ConclusionPhysical exercise was an effective way to prevent or reduce learning burnout in adolescents. It can not only directly affect learning burnout, but also indirectly affect learning burnout through the mediating effect of self-efficacy. It should be pointed out that maintaining a sufficient amount of physical exercise is crucial to improving self-efficacy and reducing learning burnout.
Delta-8-THC association with psychosis: A case report with literature review
Authors: Miller Chelsea R. , Burk Bradley G. , Fargason Rachel E. , Birur Badari 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundCannabis (Δ9-THC) is the most commonly consumed illicit drug. The Agricultural Improvement Act of 2018 removed hemp, a strain of Cannabis sativa, as a controlled substance. This law allowed the plant to be processed into its components, which contain &lt;0.3% Δ9-THC. As a result, delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), a federally unregulated substance, grew in popularity in 2020. Δ8-THC is readily available in most gas stations or head shops and may be considered harmless by patients. However, an increasing number of patients admitted for psychiatric hospitalization report use, with limited literature on the effects.Case presentationsThis case report describes three individual cases of patients who required admission to a university psychiatric hospital after the regular use solely of Δ8-THC. All three patients developed psychotic and paranoid symptoms concurrently with the use of Δ8-THC, with a severity exceeding their previous historical presentations. The presenting psychotic symptoms were also atypical for all three patients. New-onset violence and visual hallucinations were noted in two of the patients, one patient with no previous psychiatric history and one patient while on a therapeutic dose of his antipsychotic. In the third case, a new onset of bizarre, fixed delusions of puppies dissolving in the bathtub developed.ConclusionThis report adds to the limited body of evidence on Δ8-THC documenting a temporal association between Δ8-THC use and the development of psychotic symptoms. A strong body of research already correlates the continued use of Δ9-THC with psychosis, and Δ8-THC acts at the same CB1 and CB2 receptors as Δ9-THC. Therefore, it is hypothesized that Δ8-THC may have similar adverse psychiatric effects as Δ9-THC. These conclusions are not without speculation, due to the need for self or collateral-reporting of Δ8-THC use as urine drug screening cannot distinguish Δ8-THC from Δ9-THC, and the patients' symptoms could be explained by medication non-adherence and primary psychotic disorders. However, physicians should be encouraged to gather a specific history of Δ8-THC use and treat patients with Δ8-THC-related intoxication and symptoms.
Toxicomethylomics revisited: A state-of-the-science review about DNA methylation modifications in blood cells from workers exposed to toxic agents
Authors: Jiménez-Garza Octavio , Ghosh Manosij , Barrow Timothy M. , Godderis Lode 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionEpigenetic marks have been proposed as early changes, at the subcellular level, in disease development. To find more specific biomarkers of effect in occupational exposures to toxicants, DNA methylation studies in peripheral blood cells have been performed. The goal of this review is to summarize and contrast findings about DNA methylation in blood cells from workers exposed to toxicants.MethodsA literature search was performed using PubMed and Web of Science. After first screening, we discarded all studies performed in vitro and in experimental animals, as well as those performed in other cell types other than peripheral blood cells. Results: 116 original research papers met the established criteria, published from 2007 to 2022. The most frequent investigated exposures/labor group were for benzene (18.9%) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (15.5%), particulate matter (10.3%), lead (8.6%), pesticides (7.7%), radiation (4.3%), volatile organic compound mixtures (4.3%), welding fumes (3.4%) chromium (2.5%), toluene (2.5%), firefighters (2.5%), coal (1.7%), hairdressers (1.7%), nanoparticles (1.7%), vinyl chloride (1.7%), and others. Few longitudinal studies have been performed, as well as few of them have explored mitochondrial DNA methylation. Methylation platforms have evolved from analysis in repetitive elements (global methylation), gene-specific promoter methylation, to epigenome-wide studies. The most reported observations were global hypomethylation as well as promoter hypermethylation in exposed groups compared to controls, while methylation at DNA repair/oncogenes genes were the most studied; studies from genome-wide studies detect differentially methylated regions, which could be either hypo or hypermethylated.DiscussionSome evidence from longitudinal studies suggest that modifications observed in cross-sectional designs may be transitory; then, we cannot say that DNA methylation changes are predictive of disease development due to those exposures.ConclusionDue to the heterogeneity in the genes studied, and scarcity of longitudinal studies, we are far away from considering DNA methylation changes as biomarkers of effect in occupational exposures, and nor can we establish a clear functional or pathological correlate for those epigenetic modifications associated with the studied exposures.
Incidence and predictive value of social frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Southwest China: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Sun Qian-qian , Tan Ke , Tang Hui-yu , Liu Yan-yan , Zhu Huan , Qin Hai , Xia Xin , Zhang Min , Chen Yan-yu , Nie Shuang-shuang , Wang Shuang 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundFew studies have focused on the incidence and correlation of social frailty (SF) with adverse health events in Southwest China. This study aims to explore the predictive value of SF for adverse health events.MethodsA 6-year prospective cohort study was employed, a total of 460 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above were analyzed to provide a baseline in 2014. Participants completed two longitudinal follow-ups at 3 (2017, 426 participants involved) and 6 (2020, 359 participants involved) years later. A modified social frailty screening index was used in this study, and adverse health events such as physical frailty (PF) deterioration, disability, hospitalization, falls, and mortality were evaluated.ResultsAmong these participants in 2014, the median age was 71 years, 41.1% were male, and 71.1% were married or cohabiting, up to 112 (24.3%) of them were classified as SF. It was observed that aging (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.00–1.07, P = 0.047) and having family members die in the past year (OR = 2.60, 95% CI = 0.93–7.25, P = 0.068) were risk factors of SF, whereas having a mate (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.25–0.66, P = 0.000) and having family members to help with care (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.26–1.11, P = 0.092) were protective factors of SF. The cross-sectional study demonstrated that SF was only significantly associated with disability (OR = 12.89, 95% CI = 2.67–62.13, P = 0.001) at wave 1. Baseline SF significantly explained the incidence of mortality at the 3-year (medium-term, OR = 4.89, 95% CI = 2.23–10.71, P = 0.000) and 6-year follow-ups (long-term, OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.15–4.28, P = 0.017).ConclusionSF prevalence was higher in the Chinese older population. Older adults with SF had a significantly increased incidence of mortality at the longitudinal follow-up. Consecutive comprehensive health management of SF (e.g., avoiding living alone and increasing social engagement) is urgently needed for the purposes of early prevention and multidimensional intervention in adverse health events, including disability and mortality.