bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A machine learning model for predicting the three-year survival status of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using multiple parameters
Authors: Li Z , Ding S , Zhong Q , Fang J , Huang J , Huang Z , Zhang Y 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to establish a model for predicting the three-year survival status of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using artificial intelligence algorithms.MethodData from 295 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were analysed retrospectively. Training sets comprised 70 per cent of the data and test sets the remaining 30 per cent. A total of 22 clinical parameters were included as training features. In total, 12 different types of machine learning algorithms were used for model construction. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and Cohen's kappa co-efficient were used to evaluate model performance.ResultsThe XGBoost algorithm achieved the best model performance. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and kappa value of the model were 80.9 per cent, 92.6 per cent, 62.9 per cent, 77.7 per cent and 58.1 per cent, respectively.ConclusionThis study successfully identified a machine learning model for predicting three-year survival status for patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma that can offer a new prognostic evaluation method for the clinical treatment of these patients.
A scoping review of the conceptualisations of food justice
Authors: Murray Sandra , Gale Fred , Adams David , Dalton Lisa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjective:The emerging concept of ‘food justice’ describes a social movement and a set of principles. It align with the goals of social justice, demanding recognition of human rights, equal opportunity, fair treatment and is participatory and community specific. The aim of this study was to investigate the conceptualisation of food justice and to explore how community participation is positioned in food justice scholarship.Design:A scoping review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted using the term ‘food justice’. This study used a five-step scoping review protocol. The databases included Scopus, Web of Science and Medline (OVID). Data were extracted on country of origin, research discipline, study type and conceptualisations of food justice. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify the themes.Results:The search identified 546 abstracts of which ninety peer-reviewed studies met the inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis identified five themes of food justice across these ninety studies: (1) social equity, (2) food security, (3) food systems transformation, (4) community participation and agency and (5) environmental sustainability.Conclusions:Current conceptualisations of food justice are evolving. Together, these five themes, using the term food justice, embrace a more holistic and structural view of the food system. They emphasise healthy, sustainable and equitable food as a human right and acknowledge the need to address structural barriers to that right. Community participation and agency in food justice decision-making is critical for transformative change towards a healthy, sustainable, and more just food system.
Evaluation of electrical and mechanical Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) management in cucumber, peanut, and sweetpotato
Authors: Moore Levi D. , Jennings Katherine M. , Monks David W. , Boyette Michael D. , Leon Ramon G. , Jordan David L. , Ippolito Stephen J. , Blankenship Colton D. , Chang Patrick 
Published: January 2023

AbstractField studies were conducted to assess the efficacy of physical weed management of Palmer amaranth management in cucumber, peanut, and sweetpotato. Treatments were arranged in a 3 × 4 factorial in which the first factor included a treatment method of electrical, mechanical, or hand-roguing Palmer amaranth control and the second factor consisted of treatments applied when Palmer amaranth was approximately 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, or 1.2 m above the crop canopy. Four wk after treatment (WAT), the electrical applications controlled Palmer amaranth at least 27 percentage points more than the mechanical applications when applied at the 0.3- and 0.6-m timings. At the 0.9- and 1.2-m application timings 4 WAT, electrical and mechanical applications controlled Palmer amaranth by at most 87%. Though hand removal generally resulted in the greatest peanut pod count and total sweetpotato yield, mechanical and electrical control resulted in similar yield to the hand-rogued plots, depending on the treatment timing. With additional research to provide insight into the optimal applications, there is potential for electrical control and mechanical control to be used as alternatives to hand removal. Additional studies were conducted to determine the effects of electrical treatments on Palmer amaranth seed production and viability. Treatments consisted of electricity applied to Palmer amaranth at first visible inflorescence, 2 wk after first visible inflorescence (WAI) or 4 WAI. Treatments at varying reproductive maturities did not reduce the seed production immediately after treatment. However, after treatment, plants primarily died and ceased maturation, reducing seed production assessed at 4 WAI by 93% and 70% when treated at 0 and 2 WAI, respectively. Treatments did not have a negative effect on germination or seedling length.
Distinct coordination patterns integrate exploratory head movements with whole-body movement patterns during walking
Authors: van Andel Steven , Schmidt Andreas R. , Federolf Peter A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVisual guidance of gait is an important skill for everyday mobility. While this has often been studied using eye-tracking techniques, recent studies have shown that visual exploration involves more than just the eye; head movement and potentially the whole body is involved for successful visual exploration. This study aimed to assess coordinative patterns associated with head movement and it was hypothesized that these patterns would span across the body, rather than being localized. Twenty-one (after exclusions) healthy young adult volunteers followed a treadmill walking protocol designed to elicit different types of head movements (no stimuli compared to stimuli requiring horizontal, vertical, and mixed gaze shifts). Principal Component Analysis was used to establish whole-body correlated patterns of marker movement (Principal Movements; PMs) related to the activity of the head. In total 37 higher order PMs were found to be associated with head movement, two of these showed significant differences between trials associated with strong head rotations in the horizontal and sagittal plane. Both of these were associated with a whole-body pattern of activity. An analysis of the higher order components revealed that exploratory head movements are associated with distinct movement patterns, which span across the body. This shows that visual exploration can produce whole-body movement patterns that have a potentially destabilizing influence. These findings shed new light on established results in visual search research and hold relevance for fall and injury prevention.
Racial disparities in breast cancer treatment patterns and treatment related adverse events
Authors: Stabellini Nickolas , Cullen Jennifer , Cao Lifen , Shanahan John , Hamerschlak Nelson , Waite Kristin , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Montero Alberto J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this work was to perform a comprehensive analysis and provide a race-stratified epidemiological report accounting for differences in treatment patterns and treatment related adverse events in Non-Hispanic women with breast cancer (BC). The cohort included women ≥ 18 years diagnosed with in-situ, early-stage, and late-stage BC (2005–2022). Treatment patterns included: surgery, breast radiation, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, or biologic therapy. Treatment related adverse events were: chemotherapy complications, cardiovascular toxicities, immune-related adverse events, psychological affectations, or cognitive decline/dementia. The influence of race on the outcomes was measured via Cox proportional-hazards models. We included 17,454 patients (82% non-Hispanic Whites [NHW]). Most of the patients had a Charlson Comorbidity Score between 1 and 2 (68%), and TNM stage I (44.5%). Surgery was performed in 51.5% of the cases, while 30.6% received radiotherapy, 26.4% received chemotherapy, 3.1% received immunotherapy, and 41.2% received endocrine therapy. Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) had a lower probability of undergoing breast cancer surgery (aHR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.87–0.97) and of being prescribed endocrine therapy (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.79–0.89), but a higher probability of receiving adjuvant radiotherapy (aHR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.29–1.52). Moreover, NHBs had lower risk of being diagnosed with psychological issues (aHR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.63–0.80) but a higher risk for cognitive decline/dementia (aHR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.08–1.56). In conclusion, NHB women diagnosed with BC were less likely than NHW to undergo curative intent surgery or receive endocrine therapy, and had a higher risk of cognitive decline/dementia after cancer treatment. Public policy measures are urgently needed which equalize access to quality healthcare for all patients and that promote a learning healthcare system which can improve cancer outcomes.
Schooling behavior driven complexities in a fear-induced prey–predator system with harvesting under deterministic and stochastic environments
Authors: Sk Nazmul , Pal Samares 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe well-being of humans is closely linked to the well-being of species in any ecosystem, but the relationship between humans and nature has changed over time as societies have become more industrialized. In order to ensure the future of our ecosystems, we need to protect our planet’s biodiversity. In this work, a prey–predator model with fear dropping prey’s birth as well as death rates and nonlinear harvesting, is investigated. In addition, we consider that the consumption rate of predators, i.e., the functional response, is dependent on schooling behavior of both species. We have investigated the local stability of the equilibrium points and different types of bifurcations, such as transcritical, saddle-node, Hopf and Bogdanov–Takens (BT). We find that consumption rate of predator, fear and harvesting effort give complex dynamics in the neighbourhood of BT-points. Harvesting effort has both stabilizing and destabilizing effects. There is bistability between coexistence and predator-free equilibrium points in the system. Further, we have studied the deterministic model in fluctuating environment. Simulation results of stochastic system includes time series solutions of one simulation run and corresponding phase portraits. Notably, several simulation runs are conducted to obtain time series solutions, histograms, and stationary distributions. Our findings exhibit that during stochastic processes, model species fluctuate around some average values of the deterministic steady-state for lower environmental disturbances. However, higher values of environmental disturbances lead the species to extinction.
Rapid prototyping for high-pressure microfluidics
Authors: Rein Carlie , Toner Mehmet , Sevenler Derin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoft lithography has permitted rapid prototyping of precise microfluidic features by patterning a deformable elastomer such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with a photolithographically patterned mold. In microfluidics applications where the flexibility of PDMS is a drawback, a variety of more rigid materials have been proposed. Compared to alternatives, devices fabricated from epoxy and glass have superior mechanical performance, feature resolution, and solvent compatibility. Here we provide a detailed step-by-step method for fabricating rigid microfluidic devices from soft lithography patterned epoxy and glass. The bonding protocol was optimized yielding devices that withstand pressures exceeding 500 psi. Using this method, we demonstrate the use of rigid high aspect ratio spiral microchannels for high throughput cell focusing.
Improved symmetric flipped nested array for mixed near‐field and far‐field non‐circular sources localization
Authors: Wang Yinsheng , Cui WeiJia , Ba Bin , Du Bo , Yang Youzhen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAt present, there are few sparse arrays used in the mixed near‐field (NF) and far‐field (FF) localization based on non‐circular (NC) signals. Inspired by the symmetric flipped nested array (SFNA) used in the existing mixed NF and FF NC source, in order to further improve the parameter estimation accuracy of the mixed NF and FF NC signal, an improved symmetric flipped nested array (ISFNA) for mixed NF and FF NC sources localization was developed. First, the uniform subarrays in the SFNA are rearranged, elements are extracted from the uniform subarrays and rearranged into ISFNA. ISFNA is more sparse, the array aperture is larger, and the array degree of freedom (DOF) is higher; second, the formula of the maximum consecutive lags of ISFNA is given; third, a special fourth‐order cumulant is used to eliminate the range parameter and then use a one‐dimensional (1‐D) spectral peak search to obtain all Directions of Arrival (DOAs). By defining the range search, the range can be obtained by bringing in estimated DOAs. Finally, the superiority of the proposed array is proved by simulation.
Research on voltage regulation ability of four‐level nested clamp converter based on virtual space vector modulation
Authors: Hu Liangdeng , Xiao Fei , Xin Ziyue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe four‐level nested neutral point clamped (4L‐NNPC) converter is a new multi‐level converter with a simple topology, which is suitable for the medium‐voltage application. But it has voltage balancing problems under the low output frequency condition. A space virtual vector modulation (SVVM) algorithm is introduced in this paper, and the dwell time formulas are given. It uses the synthesis between vectors to optimize the dwell time of each level in the virtual vector, in order to balance the flying capacitor voltage in the carrier period. In order to explore the boundary of the voltage regulation ability of the 4L‐NNPC converter, this paper analyses the mechanism of the voltage fluctuation of the flying capacitors and derives the voltage fluctuation formulas. The voltage regulation ability is calculated in different sectors, and the influence of the modulation ratio and power factor is explored. Finally, the voltage regulation ability under the sudden load and the flying capacitor voltage deviating from the rated value were investigated through simulation and experiments, which verified the correctness of the proposed theory.
Fault ride‐through control based on voltage prioritization for grid‐forming converters
Authors: Dadjo Tavakoli Saman , Prieto‐Araujo Eduardo , Gomis‐Bellmunt Oriol , Galceran‐Arellano Samuel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses that the existing grid codes on the fault ride‐through (FRT) operation have certain complications to be implemented in the grid‐forming (GFM) converters. In particular, they do not provide a clear guidelines on the suitable prioritization of the positive‐ and negative‐sequence currents needed for a desired voltage profile during FRT operation. To address this challenge, two FRT controls which are based on (i) voltage balancing priority, and (ii) voltage magnitude priority are investigated for GFM converters. The former gives priority to the elimination of negative‐sequence voltage, while the remaining converter's capacity is used to increase the positive‐sequence voltage. On the contrary, the latter prioritizes the increase of positive‐sequence voltage, while it tries to reduce negative‐sequence voltage by using the remaining converter's capacity. The dynamic performances of these two FRT controls are thoroughly discussed, and the simulation results show that depending on the desired voltage profile during fault, one of them can be implemented.
Corrigendum: ‘Adaptive dynamic surface control of a two‐axis gimbal system’
Authors: Fathi Mohammad , Bolandi Hossein 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn adaptive Dynamic Surface Controller (DSC) is designed for a two‐axis gimbal system with actuator dynamics in the presence of parametric uncertainties in [1]. A Lyapunov stability analysis is used to guarantee the convergence of the tracking error to the origin and boundedness of all closed‐loop signals. The main objective of this corrigendum is to point out several errors that occurred throughout the paper, resulting in the inaccuracy of the used dynamic model and ineffectiveness of the proposed controller. It should be noted that taking into account the corrections stated in this corrigendum, the main result of the original paper is still valid.
To see or not to see a z ∼ 13 galaxy, that is the question
Authors: Kaasinen M. , van Marrewijk J. , Popping G. , Ginolfi M. , Di Mascolo L. , Mroczkowski T. , Concas A. , Di Cesare C. , Killi M. , Langan I. 
Published: January 2023

Context. Determining when the first galaxies formed remains an outstanding goal of modern observational astronomy. Theory and current stellar population models imply that the first galaxies formed at least at z = 14 − 15. But to date, only one galaxy at z > 13 (GS-z13-0) has been spectroscopically confirmed.
Aims. The galaxy ‘HD1’ was recently proposed to be a z ∼ 13.27 galaxy based on its potential Lyman break and tentative [O III] 88 μm detection with ALMA. We hereby aim to test this scenario with new ALMA Band 4 observations of what would be the [C II] 158 μm emission if HD1 is at z ∼ 13.27.
Methods. We carefully analyse the new ALMA Band 4 observations and re-analyse the existing ALMA Band 6 data on the source to determine the proposed redshift.
Results. We find a tentative 4σ feature in the Band 4 data that is spatially offset by 1.​​″7 and spectrally offset by 190 km s−1 from the previously reported 3.8σ ‘[O III] 88 μm’ feature. Through various statistical tests, we demonstrate that these tentative features are fully consistent with both being random noise features.
Conclusions. We conclude that we are more likely to be recovering noise features than both [O III] 88 μm and [C II] 158 μm emission from a source at z ∼ 13.27. Although we find no credible evidence of a z ∼ 13.27 galaxy, we cannot entirely rule out this scenario. Non-detections are also possible for a z ∼ 13 source with a low interstellar gas-phase metallicity or ionisation parameter and/or high gas density. Moreover, the new continuum and line upper limits provide no strong evidence for or against a lower-redshift scenario. Determining where and exactly what type of galaxy HD1 is, will now likely require JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy.
Seroconversion following Heplisav-B, hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant), adjuvanted, in patients with end-stage renal disease at an urban safety net hospital
Authors: Walsh Connor , McDaniel Kathryn , Lindsey Lindsey , Johnson Sarah , Walton Ted 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeHeplisav-B is a novel recombinant adjuvanted vaccine for hepatitis B virus (HBV) that has been approved as a 2-dose regimen and shown to have similar seroconversion rates in healthy adults as single-antigen HBV vaccines. More data are needed to determine whether similarly high rates of seroconversion and immunity are observed in immunocompromised patient populations such as in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis.MethodsPatients with ESRD who presented for emergency-only hemodialysis and either were HBV vaccine naive or had a hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) titer of less than 10 IU/mL received 3 standard 20-μg doses of Heplisav-B at week 0, week 4 (±2 weeks), and week 24 (±2 weeks), with anti-HBs titer measured at week 28 (±2 weeks).ResultsThirty-two patients received at least one dose in the study timeframe, with 24 patients completing the vaccine series and measurement of anti-HBs titer. The mean age of the patients was 46 years, and 58% of patients were male. Of the 24 patients who completed the vaccine series, 20 (83%) seroconverted after the third dose. Three of the 4 patients who did not seroconvert after 3 doses were revaccinated with an additional 20-μg dose, and 2 of the 3 patients had an anti-HBs titer of greater than 10 IU/mL 4 weeks after this dose.ConclusionPatients with ESRD who received three 20-μg doses of recombinant HBV vaccine had a seroconversion rate of 83%, representing a similar seroconversion rate and fewer doses of vaccine as compared to the standard HBV vaccine regimen for patients with ESRD.
Enhanced compound-protein binding affinity prediction by representing protein multimodal information via a coevolutionary strategy
Authors: Guo Binjie , Zheng Hanyu , Jiang Haohan , Li Xiaodan , Guan Naiyu , Zuo Yanming , Zhang Yicheng , Yang Hengfu , Wang Xuhua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to the lack of a method to efficiently represent the multimodal information of a protein, including its structure and sequence information, predicting compound-protein binding affinity (CPA) still suffers from low accuracy when applying machine-learning methods. To overcome this limitation, in a novel end-to-end architecture (named FeatNN), we develop a coevolutionary strategy to jointly represent the structure and sequence features of proteins and ultimately optimize the mathematical models for predicting CPA. Furthermore, from the perspective of data-driven approach, we proposed a rational method that can utilize both high- and low-quality databases to optimize the accuracy and generalization ability of FeatNN in CPA prediction tasks. Notably, we visually interpret the feature interaction process between sequence and structure in the rationally designed architecture. As a result, FeatNN considerably outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) baseline in virtual drug evaluation tasks, indicating the feasibility of this approach for practical use. FeatNN provides an outstanding method for higher CPA prediction accuracy and better generalization ability by efficiently representing multimodal information of proteins via a coevolutionary strategy.
Fast and automated protein-DNA/RNA macromolecular complex modeling from cryo-EM maps
Authors: Nakamura Andrew , Meng Hanze , Zhao Minglei , Wang Fengbin , Hou Jie , Cao Renzhi , Si Dong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) allows a macromolecular structure such as protein-DNA/RNA complexes to be reconstructed in a three-dimensional coulomb potential map. The structural information of these macromolecular complexes forms the foundation for understanding the molecular mechanism including many human diseases. However, the model building of large macromolecular complexes is often difficult and time-consuming. We recently developed DeepTracer-2.0, an artificial-intelligence-based pipeline that can build amino acid and nucleic acid backbones from a single cryo-EM map, and even predict the best-fitting residues according to the density of side chains. The experiments showed improved accuracy and efficiency when benchmarking the performance on independent experimental maps of protein-DNA/RNA complexes and demonstrated the promising future of macromolecular modeling from cryo-EM maps. Our method and pipeline could benefit researchers worldwide who work in molecular biomedicine and drug discovery, and substantially increase the throughput of the cryo-EM model building. The pipeline has been integrated into the web portal https://deeptracer.uw.edu/.