bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Network Analysis for Classification of Defected Ceramic Insulators
Authors: Haiba Ahmed S. , Eliwa Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Partial discharge (PD) is a phenomenon that could occur in insulating materials when there is a localized breakdown of the electrical insulation. PD can lead to the formation of small arcs or sparks within the insulating material, which can cause damage and degradation to the insulator over time. In ceramic insulators, there are several factors that can cause PD including manufacturing defects, aging, and exposure to environmental conditions such as moisture and temperature extremes. As a result, detecting and monitoring PD in ceramic insulators is important for ensuring the reliability and safety of electrical systems that rely on these insulators. This can be done using various techniques which can provide information about the location, severity, and frequency of PD events. In this study, acoustic emission technique is introduced for PD detection and condition monitoring of defective ceramic insulators. A sequence of data processing techniques are performed on the captured signals to extract and select the most significant signatures for classification of defects in insulator strings. Moreover, Fourier transform analysis is adopted to be compared to the wavelet transform analysis. Artificial neural network (ANN) has been used to build an intelligent classifier for easily and accurately classification of defective insulators. The overall recognition rate of the classifier was obtained as 96.03% from discrete wavelet transform analysis and 88.65% from fast Fourier transform analysis. This obtained result indicates high accuracy and performance classification.
Detecting Prokaryote-Specific Gene and Other Bacterial Signatures in Thrombi from Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wang Xiaoke , Gao Jie , Chen Yantong , Zhang Xiaohao , Dai Zhengze , Dai Qiliang , Peng Mengna , Xiao Lulu , Jia Xuerong , Cai Haodi , Mou Tao , Li Xiang , Xu Gelin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and Purpose—Microbial infection has been associated with thrombogenesis. This study aimed to detect bacterium-specific genes and other signatures in thrombi from patients with acute ischemic stroke and to relate these signatures to clinical characteristics.
Methods—Blood samples were collected before thrombectomy procedures, and thrombus samples were obtained during the procedure. Identification and classification of bacteria in the samples were accomplished using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacterium-specific structures were observed with transmission electron microscopy. Bacterium-specific biomarkers were detected through immunohistochemical staining.
Results—16S rRNA gene was detected in 32.1% of the thrombus samples from 81 patients. Bacillus(0.04% vs 0.00046%, p =0.003), Parabacteroides (0.20% vs 0.09%, p =0.029), Prevotella (1.57% vs 0.38%, p =0.010), Streptococcus (1.53% vs 0.29%, p =0.001), Romboutsia (0.18% vs 0.0070%, p =0.029), Corynebacterium (1.61% vs 1.26%, p =0.026) and Roseburia (0.53% vs 0.05%, p =0.005) exhibited significantly higher abundance in thrombi compared to arterial blood. Bacteria-like structures were observed in 22 (27.1%), while whole bacteria-like structures were observed in 7 (8.6%) thrombi under transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical staining detected bacterium-specific monocyte/macrophage markers in 51 (63.0%) out of 81 thrombi. Logistic regression analysis indicated that alcohol consumption was associated with a higher bacteria burden in thrombi (odds ratio =3.19; 95% CI, 1.10-9.27; p =0.033).
Conclusion—Bacterial signatures usually found in the oral cavity and digestive tract were detected in thrombi from patients with ischemic stroke. This suggests a potential involvement of bacterial infection in the development of thrombosis. Long-term alcohol consumption may potentially enhance this possibility.
Influence of geographical isolation and anthropic activities on genetic differentiation of date palm populations in Niger
Authors: Ibrahim Adamou , Zango Oumarou , Ousmane Abdoulaye Rafiou , Aberlenc Frédérique , Chabrillange Nathalie , Bakasso Yacoubou , Mahmoud Oumar Hissein Abba 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Objective: The genetic structuring of populations could be explained by several parameters such as geographical distance and anthropogenic activities. The Niger date palm population is genetically structured into biogeographical distribution of subpopulations; however, it is important to find out the main causes of this structuring. Therefore, this study aims to assess whether this genetic structure is mainly attributable to the constraints related to the distribution of date palm in Niger.
Materials and Methods: The matrix of genetic distances (Fst), the matrix of geographic distances, and the anthropic activities matrix (Euclidean distance), between subpopulations were estimated. Mantel's test was used to determine the relationships between these matrices. Indeed, the Mantel test allowed to evaluate the influence of geographic distance matrices and that of the implementation of cultural practices on the matrix of genetic differentiation between subpopulations. The observed variation was compared to the theoretical at 100,000 repetitions for better accuracy.
Results: This study showed a significant correlation between the genetic differentiation of subpopulations and the geographical distance between subpopulations (rm = 0.280 and P-value = 0.000) as well as with that of the implementation of cultural practices related to the date palm (rm = 0.534 and P-value = 0.000). The genetic variability between date palm subpopulations can be predicted according to the implementation of the cultural practices adopted by the producers and according to the geographical dispersion of the subpopulations. But the cause-and-effect analysis between genetic distances and geographic distances showed that this relationship is not directly causal, so it’s a spatial autocorrelation.
Conclusion: This study is a reference that provides knowledge on the genetic variation between Phoenix dactylifera subpopulations according to anthropic and geographical factors. This serves as information for the sustainable conservation of date palm wealth in Niger.
Microscale geometrical modulation of PIEZO1 mediated cell mechanosensing via cytoskeletal redistribution buckle
Authors: Ju Lining , Wang Haoqing , Vatankhah Parham , Wang Yao , Russel Blake , Su Qian , Zhou Zijing , Cox Charles , Jin Jasmine 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Microgeometry profoundly impacts cellular behaviors, yet the link between it and the ubiquitously expressed mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO1 remains enigmatic. We introduce a fluorescent micropipette aspiration assay to concurrently observe intracellular calcium mobilization and cytoskeletal restructuring in real-time under distinct microscale geometric alterations. Utilizing finite element analyses, coupled with PIEZO1-specific transgenic models, we discern that steeper micropipette tip angles markedly enhance PIEZO1-mediated calcium influx. This mechanical stress on the aspirated cell induces a significant F-actin reorganization, resulting in a "mechanical buckle" that amplifies PIEZO1 activity within the aspirated region. Remarkably, when this F-actin network is disrupted, PIEZO1 gating is significantly inhibited, signifying its indispensable role in mechanosensing under geometrical changes. This mechanobiology study illuminates the profound relationship between biomechanical microenvironment, cytoskeletal adaptation, and PIEZO1 activation, inspiring future bioengineering applications.
Metabolic profiles outperform the microbiota in assessing the response of vaginal microenvironments to the changed state of HPV infection
Authors: Wu Ruifang , Dai Wenkui , Du Hui , Zhou Qian , Li Sumei , Wang Yinan , Hou Jun , Guo Chunlei , Yang Qing , Li Changzhong , Xie Shouxia , Li Shuai Cheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
There is a deficiency in population-based studies investigating the impact of HPV infection on vaginal microenvironment, which influences the risk of persistent HPV infection. This prospective study investigated the dynamics of vaginal microbiota (VM) and vaginal metabolome in reaction to the changed state of HPV infection. Our results propose that the vaginal metabolome may be a superior indicator to VM when assessing the impact of altered HPV state on the vaginal microenvironment.
Mechanisms driving spatial and temporal changes in soil organic carbon stocks in saline soils in a typical county of the western Songnen Plain, northeast China
Authors: Liang Bing , Wei Jianbing , Zhao Haiqin , Wu Shangyu , Hou Yongxia , Zhang Susu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Songnen Plain encompasses a significant grain-producing area and serves as a crucial commercial grain production base in China. Its western region, located within an agro-pastoral transitional zone, is particularly sensitive to environmental changes. Human activities have contributed to the escalating issues of sanding and salinization in this area. In recent years, there has been increasing attention on the influence of soil physical and chemical properties, topography, climate, and land use changes on soil organic carbon (SOC). However, there is limited understanding of the interplay between these factors and their combined impact on SOC. To address this gap, this study utilized the second soil census data of Tongyu County in 1982 and the latest field survey data conducted in 2022. It examined the spatial and temporal variations of soil organic carbon density (SOCD) and soil organic carbon storage (SOCS) in Tongyu County's surface (0–20 cm), subsurface (20–50 cm), and bottom (50–100 cm) layers using GIS technologies. Additionally, data-driven models, namely random forest regression and structural equation modeling, were employed to identify the environmental factors influencing SOCD distribution in different soil layers during two distinct phases. The results revealed several important findings: 1) From 1982 to 2022, SOCD in the surface, subsurface, and bottom soil layers of Tongyu County exhibited an average decrease of 0.65 kg·m− 2, 0.34 kg·m− 2, and 0.46 kg·m− 2, respectively, resulting in a total reduction of 15.68 Tg C in carbon storage; 2) In 1982, the vertical distribution of SOCD was high at both ends and low in the middle location, but by 2022, it gradually decreased layer by layer; 3) Topographic factors solely influenced surface SOCD, while the influence of environmental humidity and land use on SOCD decreased with increasing depth. These findings provide valuable scientific insights for implementing regional soil carbon sequestration and soil nutrient conservation measures.
Identification and expression analysis of neuropeptides and their G protein-coupled receptors in the predatory stink bug, Arma custos (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Huang Chunyang , Li Zhimo , Yang Xiang , Zou Jingmiao , Yang Mingwei , Wang Xinyi , Li Wenhong , He Yueping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The predatory stink bug Arma custos has been selected as an effective biological agent and has been successfully massly bred and released into fields for the control of a diverse insect pests. As a zoophytophagous generalist, A. custos relies on a complex neuropeptide signaling system to prey on distinct food and adapt into different environment. However, information about neuropeptide signaling genes in predatory bugs has not been reported to date. In the present study, a total of 57 neuropeptide precursor transcripts and 41 potential neuropeptide GPCR transcripts were found mainly using our sequenced transcriptome data. Furthermore, a set of neuropeptides and their GPCR receptors that were enriched in heads, guts, salivary glands, antennae, and legs of A. custos were identified, which might play critical roles in central nervous regulation, feeding, digestion, odor perception and motor modulation, etc. Our study provides basic information for in-depth understanding of biological and ecological characteristics of the predatory bug and would aid in the development of better pest management strategies based on the effective utilization and protection of beneficial nature enemies.
Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Emergency Department Visits in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Yu-Ting , Lai Yen-Wen , Chen Jiann-Hwa , Chen Wei-Lung , Wu Meng-Yu , Chung Jui-Yuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly impacted healthcare systems worldwide. To assess the effects of the pandemic on pediatric emergency department (ED) visits in Taiwan, we conducted a study to evaluate changes in pediatric ED visits during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
This retrospective study included pediatric patients (age ≤ 18) who visited the ED between January 21, 2019, and April 30, 2019, at three hospitals of the Cathay Health System, and compared them with a corresponding period in 2020. Basic information, including mode of arrival, triage level, disposition, chief complaints, and incidence rates, were analyzed before and during the pandemic.
Results
A total of 10,116 patients (6,009 in the pre-pandemic and 4,107 in the pandemic group) were included in this study. There was a 31.65% reduction in ED visits during the pandemic, but ambulance use increased by 5.97%. COVID-19-related complaints (fever, respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal complaints) decreased during the pandemic. However, we observed an increased incidence rate ratio (IRR) for shortness of breath (IRR = 1.26), glycemic problems (IRR = 5.4), and psychological problems (IRR = 4.6). Critical complaints, including cardiac arrest (IRR = 5) and altered mental status (IRR = 3.08), also increased during the pandemic.
Conclusion
This study suggests that reallocating hospital staff to appropriate units, developing effective epidemic response strategies, and improving prehospital emergency medical capabilities can enhance the preparedness of the healthcare system for future pandemics and ensure a more efficient management of emergency cases.
The Provenance of Copper Materials for Bronze Chariot-horse Unearthed from Yang’an Han Tomb in Qionglai, Sichuan Province revealed by the lead isotope analysis and trace elements analysis
Authors: Wei Guofeng , Zhang Ruixiang , Shi Hongyan , Wang Ning , Yang Tao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The high-grade bronze chariot-horse was unearthed in Yang’an Han tomb in Qionglai city, Sichuan Province, and its owner may be a vassal. In this study, metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscope energy dispersive (SEM-EDS), multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) were used to analyze samples from the bronze chariot-horse. The bronze chariot-horse samples were all Sn bronze, and the metallographic structure showed that the bronze chariot-horse was cast. The provenance of the copper material for the bronze chariot-horse was clearly different from that of the late Warring States period and other Western Han period bronzes excavated in the Sichuan area. According to historical documents and archaeological findings, the bronze chariot-horse unearthed in the Sichuan area may be related to the migration of the Liu Yue family, and the analysis of the lead isotope data indicated that the copper material probably came from the southeastern Hebei and western Shandong. This result provided an appropriate evidence for the relationship between the bronze chariot-horse and the family of Liu yue from the perspective of resource circulation.
Comparative analysis of the corrosion resistance of Bos taurus and Cocos nucifera reinforced 1170 aluminium alloy in chloride-sulphate solution
Authors: Loto Roland Tolulope , Ogunleye Ademola , Adeniyi Oladipupo , Ofordum Sonia , Ale Abisola 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Reinforced AA1170 aluminium alloy with particulates of Bos taurus (BT) and Cocos nucifera (CN) (0% to 20% wt. concentration) was evaluated for their corrosion resistance properties in 3.5% NaCl and 0.05 M H2SO4 solution by potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential analysis, potentiostatic analysis, optical and scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffractometry. Results showed corrosion rate of monolithic aluminium alloy (0% particulate wt. concentration) from both electrolytes (3.5% NaCl and 0.05 M H2SO4) are 0.204 and 0.259 mm/y. Corrosion rate of BT reinforced composites from both solutions decreased with respect to BT particulate concentration to 0.087 and 0.216 mm/y at 20% BT. Whereas corrosion rate of CN reinforced composites decreased to 0.161 mm/y in 3.5% NaCl and increased to 0.434 mm/y in 0.05 M H2SO4 at 20% CN concentration. The most passivated aluminium composites from polarization plots occurred 5% BT and CN particulate concentrations. Increase in particulate concentration results in vulnerability to localized corrosion. Open circuit potential plots show the presence of the particulate reinforcements increased the thermodynamic instability of the surface properties of the composite and its exposure to active-passive transition behavior. Optical and scanning electron microscopy indicates significant improvements in the corrosion resistance of BT and CN particle reinforced aluminium compared to the unreinforced alloy were significant surface deterioration, pitting corrosion and intergranular corrosion were presence. X-ray diffractometry showed the phases identified for BT particle reinforced composite (Al2O3, CuS2, ZnS2, ZnCO3 and CuO2) significantly enhances it corrosion resistance compared to the monolithic and CN particle reinforced composite.
Identification of Key Genes Related to Ankylosing Spondylitis Using WGCNA and Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Yuan Liyi , Liang Zeqian , Wu Ronghai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Understanding the underlying immune cells and key genes associated with AS is crucial for unraveling its pathogenesis. In this study, we employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify immune cells and key genes involved in AS. The GSE11886 dataset, obtained from the GEO database, was utilized for the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, the WGCNA package was applied to screen for key modules and genes that correlated with clinical characteristics of AS. The intersection of DEGs obtained from the analysis and genes within the blue module led to the identification of key genes, which were further subjected to correlation analysis. Our findings revealed a total of 279 DEGs, including 123 up-regulated and 156 down-regulated genes, as determined by a volcano map. Additionally, WGCNA analysis unveiled a key module strongly associated with AS. Within this module, we identified 22 key genes, namely CLIC3, LY75, TNFAIP3, TNFAIP6, STAT1, GBP1, TNFSF13B, CD69, IFITM1, WLS, CNRIP1, LY86, ICAM4, NMRK2, DNASE2B, AMDHD1, TUBB2A, DEXI, TPD52L1, ASRGL1, CECR6, and FAM213B. The discovery of these modules and key genes provides a theoretical foundation for further exploration of the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of AS.
Urinary dickkopf 3 in a kidney transplant and living donor cohort – independent risk factor or merely GFR-related?
Authors: Jehn Ulrich , Altuner Ugur , Henkel Lino , Menke Amelie , Strauss Markus , Pavenstädt Hermann , Reuter Stefan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Urinary Dickkopf 3 (uDKK3) is a marker released by kidney tubular epithelial cells that is associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may cause interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Recent evidence suggests that uDKK3 can also predict the loss of kidney function in CKD patients and kidney transplant recipients, regardless of their current renal function. We conducted a prospective study on 181 kidney transplant (KTx) recipients who underwent allograft biopsy for cause, analyzing the relationship between uDKK3 levels in urine, histological findings, and future allograft function progression. Additionally, we studied 82 living kidney donors before unilateral nephrectomy (Nx), 1–3 days after surgery, and one year post-surgery to observe the effects of rapid kidney function loss. In living donors, the uDKK3/creatinine ratio significantly increased 5.3-fold 1–3 days after Nx. However, it decreased significantly to a median level of 620 pg/ml after one year, despite the absence of underlying primary kidney pathology. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decreased by an average of 29.3% to approximately 66.5 (± 13.5) ml/min/1.73m² after one year, with no further decline in the subsequent years. uDKK3 levels increased in line with eGFR loss after Nx, followed by a decrease as eGFR partially recovered within the following year. However, uDKK3 did not correlate with eGFR at the single time points in living donors. In KTx recipients, the uDKK3/creatinine ratio was significantly elevated with a median of 1,550 compared to healthy individuals or donors after Nx. The mean eGFR in the recipient group was 35.5 ml/min/1.73m², corresponding to KDIGO stage CKD G3b. The uDKK3/creatinine ratio was statistically associated with eGFR at biopsy, but not independently associated with eGFR one year after biopsy or allograft loss. In conclusion, uDKK3 is associated with recent and future kidney function and kidney allograft survival in the renal transplant cohort. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that uDKK3/creatinine has no prognostic influence on future renal outcome in living donors and kidney recipients beyond eGFR, regardless of the presence of acute renal graft pathology.
Anatomical location of motor branch points in the flexor digitorum superficialis for the injection site of botulinum toxin
Authors: Park Jihye , Sohn Donggyun , Ko Young Jin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To locate the intramuscular nerve branches of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and determine the accurate site for botulinum toxin injection.
Design
This study anatomically dissected 24 arms of 12 fresh adult cadavers to find intramuscular nerve endings in the FDS. The motor branch points (MBPs), proximal limit points (PLPs), and distal limit points (DLPs) of the terminal intramuscular nerve endings were identified. These three parameters were expressed in longitudinal and transverse coordinates in relation to the FDS driving as a reference line.
Results
The mean length of the reference line was 234.6 ± 11.2 mm. In the longitudinal coordinate, the MBPs, PLPs, and DLPs were located at 41.6% ± 2.6%, 35.1% ± 4.1%, and 53.4% ± 4.6% of the reference line in the first main branch and 72.4% ± 4.5%, 67.5% ± 1.5%, and 82.0% ± 5.7% in the second main branch, respectively. The mean value of the transverse coordinate was not greatly deviated from the reference line.
Conclusion
The MBPs of the first and second main branches are located approximately 41.6% and 72.4% of the reference line, which considers the FDS direction, respectively. This finding helps determine the optimal injection site for botulinum toxin in the FDS.