bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leonurine promotes the maturation of healthy donors and multiple myeloma patients derived-dendritic cells via the regulation on arachidonic acid metabolism
Authors: Chen Cheng , He Lin , Wang Xi , Xiao Rong , Chen Shu , Ye Zichen , Wang Xuemei , Wang Yu , Zhu Yizhun , Dai Jingying 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Leonurine is a bioactive alkaloid compound extracted from Leonurus japonicus Houtt, which potentially has immunomodulatory effects. The immunomodulatory effect and mechanism of leonurine on monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDCs) from healthy donors (HDs) and multiple myeloma (MM) patients were investigated for the first time.Methods: Peripheral blood from HDs and MM patients was isolated for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The generation of moDCs was conducted by the incubation of monocytes from PBMCs in the medium consisting of RPMI 1640 medium, 2 mmol/L L-glutamine, 5% human serum, 800 U/mL GM-CSF, 500 U/mL IL-4, 100 U/mL penicillin and 0.1 mg/mL streptomycin. During the incubation of 7 days, the cells were administrated with 1 μM leonurine or 1 × PBS as the control group. On the 8th day, cells were harvested. The expression of maturation associated surface markers CD40, CD83, and HLA-DR on moDCs was analyzed by flow cytometry. Moreover, moDCs with or without 1 μM leonurine administration were evaluated by LC-MS/MS for metabolomics which was further analyzed for the potential mechanism of leonurine on moDCs.Results: The proportion of moDCs in the harvested cells was significantly higher in the HD group (n = 14) than in the MM patient group (n = 11) (p = 0.000). Leonurine significantly enhanced the median fluorescence intensity of CD83, HLA-DR and CD40 expression on HD-moDCs (n = 14; p = 0.042, p = 0.013, p = 0.084) as well as MM paitent-moDCs (n = 11; p = 0.020, p = 0.006, p = 0.025). The metabolomics data showed that in moDCs (HD, n = 15), 18 metabolites in the pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism showed significant differences between the leonurine group and the control group (VIP all &gt;1 and P all &lt;0.05). To be specific, 6-Keto-PGE1, 8,9-DHET, 11 (R)-HETE, 12-Keto-LTB4, 12-OxoETE, 15 (S)-HETE, 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-PGJ2, 15-Keto-PGF2a, 20-COOH-LTB4, Lecithin, PGA2, PGB2, PGE2, PGF2a, PGG2, Prostacyclin were significantly upregulated in the leonurine group than in the control group, while Arachidonic Acid and TXB2 were significantly downregulated in the leonurine group than in the control group.Conclusion: Leonurine significantly promotes the maturation of moDCs derived from HDs and MM patients, the mechanism of which is related to arachidonic acid metabolism.
Recombinant amelogenin peptide TRAP promoting remineralization of early enamel caries: An in vitro study
Authors: Li Yaru , Li Yiwei , Bai Qinghua , Wen Mingzhu , Ma Dandan , Lin Yisha , Chu Jinpu 
Published: January 2023

Objective: To explore the regulatory effect of recombinant amelogenin peptide TRAP on the remineralization of early enamel carious lesions.Methods: Forty-eight bovine enamel blocks that prepared initial lesions in vitro were split at random into four groups for immersion treatment for 12 days: 1) remineralizing medium; 2) studied peptide 1 (consisting of the N- and C-termini of porcine amelogenin) + remineralizing medium; 3) studied peptide 2 (TRAP) + remineralizing medium; 4) fluoride + remineralizing medium. After demineralization and remineralization immersion, each specimen’s mean mineral loss and lesion depth were measured using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The changes in lesion depth (∆LD) and mineral gain (∆Z) were computed following remineralization. The enamel samples were then cut into sections and examined with polarized light microscopy (PLM). The cross-section morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystal phase was analyzed by an X-ray micro-diffractometer (XRD). The calcium-binding properties were determined using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC).Results: Micro-CT analysis revealed a significant reduction in mineral loss in the four groups following the remineralization treatment (p &lt; 0.05). The treatment with fluoride resulted in the greatest ∆Z and ∆LD, whereas the treatment with a remineralizing medium showed the least ∆Z and ∆LD among all groups. The ∆Z and ∆LD of the studied peptide 1 and studied peptide 2 groups were greater than those of the remineralizing medium group. However, there was no significant difference between the studied peptide 1 and studied peptide 2 groups (p &gt; 0.05). All of the samples that the PLM analyzed had a thickening of the surface layer. A negative birefringent band changed in the lesion’s body. The SEM displayed that minerals were formed in all four groups of samples. The XRD results indicated that the products of remineralization of the studied peptide were hydroxyapatite crystals (HA). ITC showed that there were two binding modes between the calcium and peptide TRAP.Conclusion: This study confirmed the potential of the recombinant amelogenin peptide TRAP as a key functional motif of amelogenin protein for enamel remineralization and provided a promising biomaterial for remineralization in initial enamel carious lesion treatment.
Integrated use of phosphorus fertilizer and farmyard manure improves wheat productivity by improving soil quality and P availability in calcareous soil under subhumid conditions
Authors: Jamal Aftab , Saeed Muhammad F. , Mihoub Adil , Hopkins Bryan G. , Ahmad Iftikhar , Naeem Asif 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionLow soil fertility and high fertilizer costs are constraints to wheat production, which may be resolved with integrating fertilizer phosphorus (P) and farm-yard manure (FYM). Study objectives were to evaluate P source impacts on soil, P efficiency, and wheat growth in a calcareous soil.MethodsTreatments included P fertilizer (0, 17, 26, or 39 kg P ha-1) and/or FYM (0 or 10 T ha-1) in a: 1) incubation experiment and 2) wheat (Triticum aestivum spp.) field experiment.Results and DiscussionSoil organic matter increased (30-72%) linearly for both fertilizer and FYM, whereas pH decreased (0.1-0.3 units) with fertilizer only. Addition of fertilizer and FYM increased plant available P (AB-DTPA extractable soil P) an average of 0.5 mg P kg-1 soil week-1 with incubation. The initial increase was 1-9 mg P kg-1, with further increase after 84 d of ~3-17 mg P kg-1. There was also a significant increase of available P in the soil supporting plants in the field study, although the magnitude of the increase was only 2 mg kg-1 at most for the highest fertilizer rate + FYM. Grain (66 to 119%) and straw (25-65%) yield increased significantly, peaking at 26 kg P ha-1 + FYM. The P Absorption Efficiency (PAE), P Balance (PB), and P Uptake (PU) increased linearly with P rate, with the highest levels at the highest P rate. The P Use Efficiency (PUE) was highest at the lowest rates of P, with general decreases with increasing P, although not consistently. Principal component analysis revealed that 94.34 % of the total variance was accounted for with PC1 (84.04 %) and PC2 (10.33 %), with grain straw yield significantly correlated to SOM, PU, and PAE. Regression analysis showed highly significant correlation of PB with P-input (R2= 0.99), plant available P (R2= 0.85), and PU (R2= 0.80). The combination of FYM at the rate of 10 T ha-1 and fertilizer P at 26 kg P ha-1 was found as the optimum dose that significantly increased yield. It is concluded that FYM concoction with fertilizer-P not only improved SOM and residual soil P, but also enhanced wheat yields with reasonable P efficiency.
Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized from Carya illinoinensis leaf extract on growth and antioxidant properties of mustard (Brassica juncea)
Authors: Geremew Addisie , Carson Laura , Woldesenbet Selamawit , Wang Huichen , Reeves Sheena , Brooks Nigel , Saganti Premkumar , Weerasooriya Aruna , Peace Elisha 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe sustainability of crop production is impacted by climate change and land degradation, and the advanced application of nanotechnology is of paramount importance to overcome this challenge. The development of nanomaterials based on essential nutrients like zinc could serve as a basis for nanofertilizers and nanocomposite synthesis for broader agricultural applications and quality human nutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using pecan (Carya illinoinensis) leaf extract and investigate their effect on the growth, physiology, nutrient content, and antioxidant properties of mustard (Brassica juncea).MethodsThe ZnO NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR). Mustard plants were subjected to different concentrations of ZnONPs (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 200 mg L-1) during the vegetative growth stage.ResultsThe UV-Vis spectra of ZnO NPs revealed the absorption maxima at 362 nm and FTIR identified numerous functional groups that are responsible for capping and stabilizing ZnO NPs. DLS analysis presented monodispersed ZnO NPs of 84.5 nm size and highly negative zeta potential (-22.4 mV). Overall, the application of ZnO NPs enhanced the growth, chlorophyll content (by 53 %), relative water content (by 46 %), shoot biomass, membrane stability (by 54 %) and net photosynthesis significantly in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the supplement of the ZnO NPs augmented K, Fe, Zn and flavonoid contents as well as overcome the effect of reactive oxygen species by increasing antioxidant capacity in mustard leaves up to 97 %.ConclusionsIn conclusion, ZnO NPs can be potentially used as a plant growth stimulant and as a novel soil amendment for enhancing crop yields. Besides, the biofortification of B. juncea plants with ZnO NPs helps to improve the nutritional quality of the crop and perhaps potentiates its pharmaceutical effects.
Does clinical training improve mentalization skills in future therapists? A comparison of first and last year students of clinical psychology and of engineering
Authors: Fagerbakk Steffen André , Sørhøy Silje Helen , Nilsen Torbjørn , Laugen Nina Jakhelln 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveMentalization has been suggested as a therapist skill that might be important for therapeutic success. The aim of this study was to explore whether the mentalization capacity of students of clinical psychology differs from other students, and whether last-year students differ from first-year students.MethodA total of 297 students participated in this study, recruited from first and last years of psychology and engineering study programs. All participants filled out the MentS, a self-report measure of mentalization capacity.ResultsNo significant differences were found in self-reported mentalization capacity between first and last year students of clinical psychology. The results did however show that first year students of psychology had significantly higher self-reported mentalization skills compared to students of engineering, and higher MentS-scores were associated with gender (female) and higher age.ConclusionThe finding that students of clinical psychology rate themselves as having a higher capacity to mentalize compared to students of engineering might suggest that individuals with a higher capacity to mentalize are more likely to engage in clinical psychology and become therapists. However, the lack of significant difference in self-reported mentalization capacity in last year students of clinical psychology compared to first year students might indicate that the Norwegian education in clinical psychology does not succeed in enhancing mentalization in future therapists. Clinical psychology study programs might benefit from targeted mentalization training.
Association between social supports and negative emotions among pediatric residents in China: The chain-mediating role of psychological resilience and burnout
Authors: Song Chao , Du Xiao-Tian , Hong Yun-Xia , Mao Jian-Hua , Zhang Wen 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundChinese pediatricians are facing challenges, and there is a need to examine the issue of negative emotions, namely, stress, anxiety and depression, among front-line pediatric residents in clinical settings. Understanding the current situation and influencing factors of negative emotions among pediatric residents in China and exploring the formation mechanism can lay a foundation for psychological interventions.MethodsA total of 138 pediatric residents in the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China, were surveyed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS).Results(1) The incidence of abnormal stress, anxiety, and depression among pediatric residents was 18.8%, 47.8%, and 47.8% respectively. (2) Negative emotions were significantly negatively correlated with social supports and psychological resilience, and positively correlated with burnout. (3) The chain-mediating effect of resilience and burnout between social supports and negative emotions was significant.ConclusionPsychological resilience and burnout played a chain-mediating role between social supports and negative emotions. Measures should be taken to improve the mental health of Chinese pediatric residents.
Association between childhood sexual abuse and early sexual debut among Chinese adolescents: The role of sexual and reproductive health education
Authors: Wen Xu , Ding Ruoxi , Guo Chao , Zheng Xiaoying 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundDespite accumulating evidence of the long-term impacts of childhood sexual abuse (CSA), few studies have investigated the association between CSA and early sexual debut among adolescents. In this study, we examine the relationship between CSA and early initiation of sexual intercourse among Chinese youth, and the role of school-based sex education in this association, based on a nationally representative survey.MethodsData were collected from the Survey of Youth Access to Reproductive Health in China (YARHC) conducted in 2009. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between CSA experience and early sexual debut, and the interaction terms between sexual and reproductive health education and CSA were included to examine the role of education in the association between CSA and early sexual debut.ResultsAmong 4,907 sexually experienced youth, 1,062 (21.6%) made their early sexual debut. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that CSA experience was significantly associated with early sexual debut, with an adjusted odds ratio of 3.13 (95% CI: 1.67–5.87). Receiving any type of sexuality education (reproductive health, sexually transmitted disease (STD) and HIV prevention, or contraception use) was not associated with a decreased risk of early sexual debut.ConclusionOur results indicate a greater risk of early sexual debut among Chinese adolescents with a history of CSA, and only 46.7% sexually experienced youth had received prior sex education, which suggested an inadequacy of school-based sexuality education. To reduce this risk, targeted intervention with timely and adequate sexuality education for both early starters of sexual intercourse and CSA victims is warranted in China.
Analysis of CT imaging changes of psoas major muscles in patients with lumbar disc herniation mainly based on low back pain and lower limb pain
Authors: Cui Mingchao , Zhang Qianru , Chen Xipeng , Wu Han 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe study aimed to compare the area changes of CT (computed tomograghy) imaging of psoas major muscle (PM) in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) mainly based on low back pain (LBP) and lower limb pain (LLP), and to analyze the correlation among them.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the lumbar CT imaging data of 120 patients with LDH and 60 healthy control people in our hospital from July 2017 to August 2019. They were divided into LBP group (60 cases), LLP group (60 cases) and healthy controls group (60 cases). According to the pain duration and pain degree, LBP group and LLP group were divided into three subgroups respectively. The maximum cross-sectional area (CSA) of PM and the CSA of L5 vertebral body were calculated by Image J software, and the ratio of them was the maximum CSA index of PM. The maximum CSA indices of PM among three groups and three subgroups were compared, respectively.ResultsThe baseline data among the three groups weren’t significantly different (P &gt; 0.05), yet the maximum CSA index of PM did (P &lt; 0.05). In the LBP group, the maximum CSA indices of PM among the three subgroups (short, medium and long) according to the pain duration were significantly different (P &lt; 0.05), and those among the three subgroups (light, medium and heavy) according to pain degree did (P &lt; 0.05). In the LLP group, the maximum CSA indices of PM among the three subgroups (short, medium and long) were compared, but there was not statistical difference among the three subgroups (P &gt; 0.05). No statistical difference in terms of the maximum CSA indices of PM among the three subgroups (light, medium and heavy) was observed (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThe atrophy and thinning of PM may be related to LDH. The correlation between the atrophy of PM and LBP was greater than that of LLP. The atrophy of PM in LDH patients with LBP increased with the prolongation of pain duration and aggravation of pain degree.
A New Webbing Aberoptus Species from South Africa Provides Insight in Silk Production in Gall Mites (Eriophyoidea)
Authors: Chetverikov Philipp E. , Craemer Charnie , Gankevich Vladimir D. , Vishnyakov Andrey E. , Zhuk Anna S. 
Published: January 2023

Arthropods include a high diversity of lineages adapted for silk production. Several species of microscopic phytophagous mites of the hyperdiverse superfamily Eriophyoidea spin web; however, the origin of their silk is unknown. We described a new web-spinning mite, Aberoptus schotiae n. sp., collected from leaves of Schotia brachypetala (Fabaceae) in South Africa and showed that it has a complex life cycle, including two morphotypes of adults and nymphs. Molecular phylogenetic analyses and 28S sequence comparison showed conspecificity of heteromorphic females and rejected synonymy of Aberoptus and Aceria proposed by previous authors. For the first time, we provided SEM images of the web nests and, using a set of different microscopic techniques, described the silk-producing anal secretory apparatus (ASA) of Aberoptus. It comprises two pairs of anal glands (hypertrophied in web-spinning females), three cuticular sacs and a rectal tube leading to the anal opening. This is a unique case (analogy) of anal silk secretion in Chelicerata previously reported only in Serianus (Pseudoscorpiones). Recent findings of rudimentary ASA in distant eriophyoid lineages and the results of this study transform the current paradigm of exoticism of web-spinning eriophyoid taxa into the concept of synapomorphic specialization of the hindgut for excreting the anal gland secretions in Eriophyoidea.
Carbonyl Cyanide 3-Chloro Phenyl Hydrazone (CCCP) Restores the Colistin Sensitivity in Brucella intermedia
Authors: Zoaiter Malak , Zeaiter Zaher , Mediannikov Oleg , Sokhna Cheikh , Fournier Pierre-Edouard 
Published: January 2023

Brucella intermedia (formerly Ochrobactrum intermedium), a non-fermentative bacterium, has been isolated from animals and human clinical specimens. It is naturally resistant to polymyxins, including colistin (CO), and may cause opportunistic infections in humans. We isolated six Brucella intermedia strains from Senegalese monkey stool. In order to determine whether an efflux pump mechanism was involved in CO resistance in B. intermedia, we evaluated the effects of verapamil (VRP), reserpine (RSP), phe-arg β-naphthylamide dihydrochloride (PAβN) and carbonyl cyanide 3-chloro phenyl hydrazone (CCCP), four efflux pump inhibitors, on these colistin-resistant strains. Using the broth microdilution method, a CO and CCCP combination of 2 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL, respectively, significantly reduced the CO minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of B. intermedia, supporting an efflux pump mechanism. In contrast, VRP, PAβN and RSP did not restore CO susceptibility. A time kill assay showed a bactericidal effect of the CO–CCCP combination. Genomic analysis revealed a potential implication in the CO resistance mechanism of some conserved efflux pumps, such as YejABEF, NorM and EmrAB, as previously reported in other bacteria. An inhibitory effect of the CO–CCCP combination was observed on biofilm formation using the crystal violet method. These results suggest that the intrinsic CO resistance in Brucella intermedia is linked to an efflux pump mechanism and that the synergistic effect of CO–CCCP may open a new field to identify new treatments to restore antibiotic efficacy in humans.
N-Containing α-Mangostin Analogs via Smiles Rearrangement as the Promising Cytotoxic, Antitrypanosomal, and SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitory Agents
Authors: Pyae Nan Yadanar Lin , Maiuthed Arnatchai , Phongsopitanun Wongsakorn , Ouengwanarat Bongkot , Sukma Warongrit , Srimongkolpithak Nitipol , Pengon Jutharat , Rattanajak Roonglawan , Kamchonwongpaisan Sumalee , Ei Zin Zin , Chunhacha Preedakorn , Wilasluck Patcharin , Deetanya Peerapon , Wangkanont Kittikhun , Hengphasatporn Kowit , Shigeta Yasuteru , Rungrotmongkol Thanyada , Chamni Supakarn 
Published: January 2023

New N-containing xanthone analogs of α-mangostin were synthesized via one-pot Smiles rearrangement. Using cesium carbonate in the presence of 2-chloroacetamide and catalytic potassium iodide, α-mangostin (1) was subsequently transformed in three steps to provide ether 2, amide 3, and amine 4 in good yields at an optimum ratio of 1:3:3, respectively. The evaluation of the biological activities of α-mangostin and analogs 2–4 was described. Amine 4 showed promising cytotoxicity against the non-small-cell lung cancer H460 cell line fourfold more potent than that of cisplatin. Both compounds 3 and 4 possessed antitrypanosomal properties against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense at a potency threefold stronger than that of α-mangostin. Furthermore, ether 2 gave potent SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibition by suppressing 3-chymotrypsinlike protease (3CLpro) activity approximately threefold better than that of 1. Fragment molecular orbital method (FMO–RIMP2/PCM) indicated the improved binding interaction of 2 in the 3CLpro active site regarding an additional ether moiety. Thus, the series of N-containing α-mangostin analogs prospectively enhance druglike properties based on isosteric replacement and would be further studied as potential biotically active chemical entries, particularly for anti-lung-cancer, antitrypanosomal, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 main protease applications.