bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of IM dexmedetomidine in alleviating catheter related bladder discomfort and postoperative inflammatory response following percutaneous nephrolithotomy. A prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Jonnavithula Nirmala , Patro Abinash , Vattikala Rajesh Babu Venkatachalam , Aavula Kireeti , Chaganti Sharmila , Chinnapagu Indira Priyadarshini 
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:
Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) causes significant distress to the patient and requires great attention to analgesia and increases morbidity in the postoperative period. This study evaluated the efficacy of intramuscular dexmedetomidine in alleviating CRBD following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and postoperative inflammatory response.

Material and Methods:
A prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from December 2019- March 2020. Sixty seven of ASA I and II patients scheduled for elective PCNL were randomized and group I received 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine intramuscularly and group II normal saline as control 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia. Standard anesthesia protocol was followed and patients were catheterized with 16 Fr Foleys after induction of anesthesia. Rescue analgesia was paracetamol if the score was moderate. Postoperatively CRBD score and inflammatory markers; total white cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and temperature were noted for 3 days.

Results:
There was a significant low CRBD score in group I. Ramsay sedation score was 2 in group I with p 0.00 and rescue analgesia required was very low with p 0.00. Statistical Package for social Sciences software version 20 was used for analysis. Student ttest, analysis of variance, and Chisquare test were applied for quantitative and qualitative analysis respectively.

Conclusion:
Single dose intramuscular dexmedetomidine is effective, simple and safe in preventing the CRBD and the inflammatory response remained uninfluenced except ESR, the reason remains largely unknown.
A prospective observational single center study evaluating emergence agitation in the early postoperative period in adult patients undergoing elective craniotomies under general anesthesia
Authors: Monteiro Joseph N. , Dhokte Ninad S. , Goraksha Shwetal U. 
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:
Emergence agitation is a significant clinical issue during recovery from general anesthesia. Patients after intracranial operations are even more vulnerable to the stress resulting from emergence agitation. Due to the limited data available in neurosurgical patients, we evaluated the incidence, risk factors, and complications of emergence agitation.

Material and Methods:
317 consenting eligible patients undergoing elective craniotomies were recruited. The preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)) and pain score were recorded. Bispectral Index (BIS) guided balanced general anesthesia was administered and reversed. Immediate postoperatively, the GCS and the pain score were noted. The patients were observed for 24 hours following extubation. The levels of agitation and sedation were evaluated by the Riker’s Agitation-Sedation Scale. Emergence Agitation was defined as Riker’s Agitation score of 5 to 7.

Results:
In our subset of the patient population, the incidence was 5.4%, mildly agitated in the first 24 hours and none required sedative medication as therapy. The sole risk factor identified was prolonged surgery beyond 4 hours. None of the patients in the agitated group had any complications.

Conclusion:
Early objective assessment of risk factors in the preoperative period with objective validated tests and shorter duration of surgery maybe the way forward in patients at high risk for emergence agitation, to reduce the incidence and mitigate the undesirable consequences.
A comprehensive, bed-side scoring system to predict difficult lumbar puncture
Authors: Subramanian Shobha , Reshma BM , Salim Iqbal M. , Harsoor SS 
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:
Spinal anesthesia (SA) is the most widely practiced neuraxial anesthesia. Lumbar puncture (LP) at multiple levels and multiple attempts due to any reason may cause discomfort and even serious complications. Hence the study was conducted to evaluate the patient variables that can predict difficult LP thus allowing for the use of alternate techniques.

Material and Methods:
We included 200 patients of ASA physical status I-II, scheduled to undergo elective infra-umbilical surgical procedures under spinal anesthesia. During preanesthetic evaluation, difficulty score was assessed using the 5 variables: Age, abdominal circumference, spinal deformity - assessed as axial trunk rotation (ATR) value, anatomical spine assessed by spinous process landmark grading system (SLGS) and patient position, by assigning a score of 0- 3 for each variable, with a total score of 0 – 15. The difficulty of LP was graded as easy, moderate or difficult based on total number of attempts and spinal levels by independent experienced investigator. The scores obtained during preanesthetic evaluation and the data collected after performing LP were analyzed using multivariate analysis and P value noted.

Results:
Our study showed that above patient variables correlated well with difficult LP scoring (P < 0.001). SLGS was noted to be a strong predictor, while ATR value a weak predictor. The correlation between the total score and grades of SA had a positive association (R = 0.6832, P < 0.00001) and was statistically significant. A median difficulty score of 2, 5 and 8 predicted easy, moderate and difficult LP respectively.

Conclusion:
The scoring system provides for a useful tool to predict difficult LP and helps both patient and anesthesiologist to choose an alternative technique.
Effects of adding dexmedetomidine to nebulized lidocaine on control of hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sriramka Bhavna , Warsi Zeeshan Haider , Sahoo Janmejaya 
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:
Hemodynamic responses (HDR) to laryngoscopy and intubation are a significant concern for the anesthesiologist. This study aimed to compare the effects of intravenous Dexmedetomidine and nebulized Lidocaine for control of HDR to laryngoscopy and intubation when used in combination or alone.

Material and Methods:
This double-blind, parallel group, randomized clinical trial included 90 patients (30 for each group) aged 18-55 years with ASA grade 1-2. Group DL received intravenous (IV) Dexmedetomidine (1 μg kg-1) and nebulized Lidocaine 4% (3 mg kg-1) before laryngoscopy. Group D received IV Dexmedetomidine (1 μg kg-1) and group L received nebulized Lidocaine 4% (3 mg kg-1). Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at baseline, post nebulization, and at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 min post-intubation. Data analysis was done by SPSS 20.0.

Results:
Post-intubation HR was better controlled in group DL than group D and group L (76.40 ± 5.61, 95.16 ± 10.60, 103.90 ± 12.98 respectively, P value <0.01). Group DL > D > L controlled SBP changes significantly (118.93 ± 7.70, 131.10 ± 9.20, 142.66 ± 19.62 respectively, P value <0.01). At 7 and 10 minutes, group D and L found similarly effective in preventing a rise in SBP. Group DL showed significantly better control of DBP than group L and D till 7 minutes (P < 0.01). Group DL also had better control of MAP post-intubation (92.86 ± 5.50) than group D (102.70 ± 6.64) and L (112.66 ± 7.66) and continued to be better till 10 minutes.

Conclusion:
We found the addition of intravenous Dexmedetomidine to nebulized Lidocaine to be superior in controlling the increase in HR and MBP post-intubation with no adverse effects.
TOPLUMSAL DÖNÜŞÜM VE KÖYDE MODERNLEŞMENİN ÖRNEĞİ OLARAK KÖY ENSTİTÜLERİNİN KURULUŞU VE HALK EĞİTİMİ FAALİYETLERİ
Authors: YENİSOY ÖZKAN Nilgün 
Published: March 2023

İmparatorluktan ulus devlete geçiş sürecinde Türkiye Cumhuriyeti belirlenen hedefler doğrultusunda toplumun her açıdan gelişimini sağlamak için bazı politikaları hayata geçirmiştir. İlk olarak ekonomik kalkınma ile ilgili inkılaplar yapılırken diğer taraftan toplumun eğitim ve kültür düzeyini yükseltmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ekonomi alanında devletçilik eğitim alanında ise halkçılık ilkeleri temel alınmıştır. Bütün halkın okur-yazar olması için 1 Kasım 1928 tarihinde Harf Devrimi yapılarak yeni harflerin kullanılacağı ilan edilmiştir. Bu yeni alfabenin bütün halka öğretilmesi için 1 Ocak 1929 tarihinde Millet Mektepleri açılmıştır.
Millet Mektepleri genelde şehirlerde açıldığı için okuma ve yazma öğretim hizmetleri köylere kadar ulaşmamıştır. O dönem nüfusun çoğu köylerde yaşadığından dolayı Mustafa Kemal eğitim seferberliğine köyleri de dâhil etmek istemiştir. Bu doğrultuda köylerde görevli olan kolluk kuvvetlerini okuma ve yazma öğretmeleri ve onlardan yardım almayı düşünmüştür. Bu uygulama eğitmen kursları fikrinin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Eğitmen kursları başarılı sonuçlar verince kolluk kuvvetlerinin yerine köy çocuklarının bu görevi yapabileceği düşüncesiyle 21 köy enstitüsü tesis edilmiştir. Köy Enstitüleri uygulamalı eğitim anlayışı ile çalıştıkları için köylerin gelişmesinde büyük bir rol oynamıştır. Enstitülerin hiyerarşik olarak tepesinde bulunan Yüksek Köy Enstitüleri de Türkiye’de halka yönelik üniversitelerin ilk örneklerinden biri olarak kabul edilmiştir. Türkiye’de siyasi olarak 1950 seçimlerinde iktidar değişimi yaşanınca 1954 yılında Köy Enstitüleri İlk Öğretmen Okulu adı altına alınıp enstitü uygulamasına son verilmiştir.
Botanic Garden Tourism and its Potential as Tourist’s Attraction in Karongi District
Authors: Faustin Habumuremyi , Claude Habimana Jean 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Botanic a garden, usually open to the public, where a wide range of plants are grown for scientific, education and tourism purposes. The objectives of this project were to create the botanic garden tourism in Bwishyura sector, investigate its market demand, to explore how it can help in biodiversity conservation, improving the life of surrounding local citizens and protect the environment in the region.
Methodology: The study used mixed method. Random and convenience sampling technics were used to sample 30 respondents from 50 target population. The collected data was analyzed using statistical tables to verify hypotheses of this study.
Findings: The study found that there were no botanic gardens in the study area. Other indicators such as motivation of travellers for visiting botanic garden, level of interest, affordable entrance fees and visiting frequencies in the last twelve months were presented. Having this botanic garden in Bwishyura sector brings many benefits to the area such as education on plants and animal life, bringing tourists and day trippers, increasing the value of nearby properties, promote scientific and horticulture research.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommend local authorities and stakeholders to encourage the investors to invest in botanic garden tourism, to increase the awareness of this attraction to the local citizens and visitors. This study also calls for business persons and tourism government institutions to take advantage of these findings as it explain benefits they might target.
Chasew (Anacardium Occidentale) Leaves Extract as Green Corrosion Inhibitor of API 5L X52 in Acidic Media
Authors: Nikitasari Arini , Astuti Ika Melya , Musabikha Siti , Kusumastuti Rahayu , Prifiharni Siska , Priyotomo Gadang 
Published: March 2023

Chasew leaves extract has been investigated as green corrosion inhibitor to inhibit the corrosion process of API 5L X52 in acidic media. The inhibition effect of cashew leaves was analyzed using electrochemical measurement such as Tafel Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). FTIR, polyphenol content and phytochemical analysis were also employed to ensure the chemical compound of cashew leaves extract. Concentration of cashew leaves extract was varied for electrochemical measurement i.e. 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm. Furthermore, immersion time variation (0, 30 and 60 min) was used prior to electrochemical measurement. The electrochemical measurement results indicate that cashew leaves extract work effectively as green corrosion inhibitor of API 5L X52 in acidic media. The performance of this green corrosion inhibitor was optimum at concentration of 500 ppm and 60 min of immersion time. Cashew leaves extract was mixed-type inhibitor because the corrosion potential value shifted less than 85 mV. The Increasing of surface resistance value and the decreasing in the capacitance of double layer due to the adsorption process of cashew leaves extract molecules on the API 5L X52 steel surface.
HIGHLIGHTS

Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale) leaves extract as green corrosion inhibitor is a novelty of this research
Cashew leaves extract delivers up to 96 % inhibition efficiency with 500 ppm of concentration and 60 min of immersion time
ElS has confirmed that cashew leaves extract inhibits the corrosion process of API 5L X52 in acidic media by boosting the impedance
Cashew leaves extract contains active corrosion inhibiting agents such as polyphenol, tannin, flavonoid and alkaloid
The adsorption mechanism of cashew leaves extract obeys the Langmuir isotherm

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Antimicrobial and Radical Scavenging Activitıes of Essential Oils from Kaempferia larsenii Sirirugsa
Authors: Theanphong Orawan , Mingvanish Withawat , Jenjittikul Thaya 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: K. larsenii (Zingiberaceae) is an endemic and rare species in Thailand. There have been no previous reports on chemical compositions and biological properties of essential oils from the fresh root and rhizome. This research aims to investigate the chemical compositions, antimicrobial and radical scavenging activities of essential oils from the fresh root and rhizome of K. larsenii. Materials and methods: The chemical compositions of hydrodistilled essential oils were analysed by GC-MS technique. The antimicrobial activity was tested by the disc diffusion assay. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were also evaluated. The radical scavenging activities were evaluated using ABTS, DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity assay. Results and discussion: Camphene was considered as the main component in root and rhizome essential oils (36.35 and 48.00 %, respectively). The essential oils showed strong antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. The rhizome essential oil showed strong DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities while the root essential oil exhibited strong hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. Conclusions: The essential oils exhibit strong antimicrobial especially Gram-positive bacteria and antioxidant activity. Therefore, it might be used as a potential source of natural antidiarrheal and antioxidant substances for food and cosmeceutical product industries.
HIGHLIGHTS

The essential oils were obtained from hydrodistillation of the fresh root and rhizome of K. larsenii
Camphene was the major component in both root and rhizome essential oils
The root and rhizome essential oils showed strong antimicrobial on Gram-positive bacteria and radical scavenging activities
This is the first report on the biological activities of the fresh root and rhizome essential oils of larsenii

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Laparoskopik Kolesistektomi Sonrası Gelişen Enfeksiyonlar ile İlişkili Faktörlerin ve Hemşirelik Tanılarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ILKAZ Neslihan , ACAVUT Gamze , GENÇBAŞ Dercan , ÜNAL Nursemin , BAYRAK AYKAN Emine 
Published: March 2023

ÖZET
Giriş: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi günümüzde en çok uygulanan cerrahi girişimlerden biridir. Her cerrahi girişimde olduğu gibi laparoskopik kolesistektomide de ameliyat sonrasında enfeksiyon gelişme riski vardır. Enfeksiyon nedenlerinin belirlenmesi; hastanede kalış süresinin kısaltılması, konfor ve memnuniyetinin arttırılması, yara yeri enfeksiyonlarının azaltılması gibi bakım çıktılarını olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.
Amaç: Bu çalışma laparoskopik kolesistektomi sonrası gelişen enfeksiyonlar ile ilişkili faktörlerin ve hemşirelik tanılarının belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırma, bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde Eylül 2021- Eylül 2022 tarihleri arasında laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan 79 hasta ile retrospektif olarak yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak Kişisel Bilgiler Formu, Tıbbi Özellikler Tanılama Formu ve Hemşirelik Tanıları Değerlendirme Formu kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalamaları 53,16±13,62 olup, %60,8’i kadındır. Ameliyat sonrası ağrı skoru ortalamaları 3,49±1,25’dir. Hastaların hastanedeki yatış süresi ortalaması 3,49±2,53 gündür. Hastaların %44,30’una dren takıldığı, yalnızca %10,13’ünde postoperatif dönemde hipertermi ve %5,6’sında enfeksiyon geliştiği belirlenmiştir. Enfeksiyon gelişen hastaların yaş ortalamalarının, gelişmeyenlere göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde Cinsel Sağlık Tanılamasına İlişkin Akran Eğitiminin Cinsel Sağlık Konusundaki Tutumlarına Etkisi
Authors: ÇULHA Yeliz , AFŞİN Fidan 
Published: March 2023

Giriş: Cinsel sağlık eğitimi, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin sağlıklı/hasta bireyin cinselliğinin tanılanmasına ilişkin bilgi ve becerilerini geliştirmektedir.
Amaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinde cinsel sağlık tanılamasına ilişkin tutumların ve bu konuda verilecek akran eğitiminin cinsel sağlık konusundaki tutumlarına etkisini belirlemek amacı ile planlandı.
Yöntem: Ön test-son test tek gruplu yarı deneysel araştırma türünde planlanan bu çalışma, bir devlet üniversitesinin hemşirelik fakültesinde 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 2.,3., ve 4.sınıf hemşirelik öğrencileri (n=248) ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, “Yapılandırılmış Soru Formu” ve “Öğrencilerin Cinsel Sağlık Konusundaki Tutumları Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplandı.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğunun kadın (%87.2), yaş ortalamasının 20.83±1.30 yıl olduğu, %57.7’sinin daha önce cinsel sağlık konusunda herhangi bir eğitim almadıkları, eğitim alan öğrencilerin ise % 34,7’sinin cinsel sağlık konusunda eğitimi okuldan aldıkları saptandı. Öğrencilerin, eğitim öncesi “Öğrencilerin Cinsel Sağlık Konusundaki Tutumları Ölçeği” puan ortalamasının 70.35±13.74; eğitim sonrası puan ortalamasının 78.03±16.06 olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde cinsel sağlık tanılamasına ilişkin akran eğitiminin, öğrencilerin cinsel sağlık konusundaki tutumlarına olumlu etkisi olduğu görüldü. Bu nedenle, hemşirelik müfredatı kapsamında özellikle akran eğiticiler ile cinsel sağlık eğitim programlarının oluşturulması, öğrencilerin cinsel sağlık tanılaması ve danışmanlık becerilerini destekleyecektir.
A Pair of Siblings with Vitamin D Dependent Rickets (VDDR) Type 1A: More Than Dairy and Sunshine
Authors: Lee Bee Shuang , Wong Jeanne Sze Lyn 
Published: March 2023

Vitamin D-dependent rickets (VDDR) type 1A, owing to 1-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency, albeit rare, is an important diagnosis to consider in children with rickets not responding to conventional doses vitamin D and calcium. In this case report, we describe two siblings who presented with multiple fractures since childhood. A low 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) despite a sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level was suggestive of 1-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. Genetic testing confirmed a mutation in the CYP27B1 gene on chromosome 12q13.3, which produces 1-alpha-hydroxylase. The inability to convert 25OHD to 1,25 (OH)2D leads to hypocalcemia and severe rickets. Treatment requires a pharmacologic dose of activated hydroxylated vitamin D and adequate calcium intake. Rare forms of hereditary rickets should be suspected in severe rickets. Early recognition of VDDR type 1A is imperative to ensure adequate healing of rickets during childhood. Establishing a diagnosis also helps to ensure compliance with the high doses of active vitamin D metabolite required in this condition.
Service skills in solving hotel guest problems in the food and beverage service department in the post-COVID-19 pandemic in the hospitality world
Authors: Safitri Rachma Hani Rahayuning , Fadilah Oktavia Ayu , Halim Veronica 
Published: March 2023

Hotels have many departments, one of which is food and beverage service, in which the role of the waiter influences the hotel's image in many ways. One of them bridges between guests and waiters. In this case, we need good communication skills when serving guests, as well as dealing with guest complaints by using good and correct communication. The goals given are being able to hone communication skills when dealing with guest problems with Food and Beverages Service. This study applies a qualitative method design, collecting observations on data and literature studies. Based on this research, there are two findings of problems related to communication skills in the hotel sector. The first is how to improve the handling of guest service complaints at hotels and the second is how to overcome obstacles when serving guests during a pandemic. In this article, we explain about Food and Beverage Service. The author applies it to learning in improving communication and problem solving to broaden our understanding, so that we can learn freely and carefully in using standard procedures in hotels and personal quality values, as well as barriers caused by a lack of communication skills in solving problems with guests due to service which is less than perfect.
Analysis of room rates setting in hotel daily operations
Authors: Asshofi Izza Ulumuddin Ahmad , Putri Mutiara Amelia , Saputra Rio Dwi , Wijayanti Ani 
Published: March 2023

Hotels have a considerable influence in increasing regional tourism and the economy. The hotel itself means a service or service business operated and managed commercially and provided for everyone to receive services, such as rooms, accommodations, food and beverages, and other service facilities. In the tourism industry, especially in the hotel business, there is a term for room sales that has an important role as one of the elements of calculating income in hotels. The purpose of writing articles is to find out the problems that occur in setting room rates, the factors that affect setting room rates, the type of room rates, the purpose of setting room rates, and the method of determining the base price and sale price. The benefit of writing articles is to develop knowledge, especially about room rates and hospitality; to increase insight, knowledge, and experience in writing articles; to later be useful for education, especially for the hospitality industry. The method used in this writing is a qualitative method that produces information in the form of records or data, is descriptive, and tends to use analysis. Room pricing plays a major role in highly competitive businesses such as hotels because hotel room sales are the spearhead of a hotel business. Apart from the hotel having to maintain its profitability, the hotel also has to provide guests with balanced feedback according to the price paid by the guest. However, if the price setting of a hotel room is not driven by good planning and strategy, the business may fail.