bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic and genetic insights into efflux pump mechanism in Mycoplasma anserisalpingitidis
Authors: Nagy Eszter Zsófia , Kovács Áron Botond , Wehmann Enikő , Bekő Katinka , Földi Dorottya , Bányai Krisztián , Kreizinger Zsuzsa , Gyuranecz Miklós 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionMycoplasma anserisalpingitidis is one of the most important waterfowl-pathogenic mycoplasmas. Due to inadequate antibiotic treatment, many strains with high minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for multiple drugs have been isolated lately. Decreased antibiotic susceptibility in several Mycoplasma species are known to be associated with mutations in topoisomerase and ribosomal genes, but other strategies such as active efflux pump mechanisms were also described. The scope of this study was the phenotypic and genetic characterization of the active efflux mechanism in M. anserisalpingitidisMethodsWe measured the MIC values in the presence and absence of different efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), such as carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazine (CCCP), orthovanadate (OV), and reserpine (RSP). Moreover, bioinformatic tools were utilized to detect putative regulatory sequences of membrane transport proteins coding genes, while comparative genome analysis was performed to reveal potential markers of antibiotic resistance.ResultsOut of the three examined EPIs, CCCP decreased the MICs at least two-fold below the original MICs (in 23 cases out of 36 strains). In the presence of OV or RSP, MIC value differences could be seen only if modified dilution series (10% decrease steps were used instead of two-fold dilutions) were applied (in 24/36 cases with OV and 9/36 with RSP). During comparative genome analysis, non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) were identified in genes encoding ABC membrane transport proteins, which were displayed in higher percentages in M. anserisalpingitidis strains with increased MICs. In terms of other genes, a nsSNP was identified in DNA gyrase subunit A (gyrA) gene which can be related to decreased susceptibility to enrofloxacin. The present study is the first to highlight the importance of efflux pump mechanisms in M. anserisalpingitidis.DiscussionConsidering the observed effects of the EPI CCCP against this bacterium, it can be assumed, that the use of EPIs would increase the efficiency of targeted antibiotic therapy in the future control of this pathogen. However, further research is required to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of efflux pump mechanism in this bacterium.
Prognostic factors for multi-organ dysfunction in pediatric oncology patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Soeteman Marijn , Fiocco Marta F. , Nijman Joppe , Bollen Casper W. , Marcelis Maartje M. , Kilsdonk Ellen , Nieuwenhuis Edward E. S. , Kappen Teus H. , Tissing Wim J. E. , Wösten-van Asperen Roelie M. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundPediatric oncology patients who require admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) have worse outcomes compared to their non-cancer peers. Although multi-organ dysfunction (MOD) plays a pivotal role in PICU mortality and morbidity, risk factors for MOD have not yet been identified. We aimed to identify risk factors at PICU admission for new or progressive MOD (NPMOD) during the first week of PICU stay.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included all pediatric oncology patients aged 0 to 18 years admitted to the PICU between June 2018 and June 2021. We used the recently published PODIUM criteria for defining multi-organ dysfunction and estimated the association between covariates at PICU baseline and the outcome NPMOD using a multivariable logistic regression model, with PICU admission as unit of study. To study the predictive performance, the model was internally validated by using bootstrap.ResultsA total of 761 PICU admissions of 571 patients were included. NPMOD was present in 154 PICU admissions (20%). Patients with NPMOD had a high mortality compared to patients without NPMOD, 14% and 1.0% respectively. Hemato-oncological diagnosis, number of failing organs and unplanned admission were independent risk factors for NPMOD. The prognostic model had an overall good discrimination and calibration.ConclusionThe risk factors at PICU admission for NPMOD may help to identify patients who may benefit from closer monitoring and early interventions. When applying the PODIUM criteria, we found some opportunities for fine-tuning these criteria for pediatric oncology patients, that need to be validated in future studies.
Frequency and impact of enteric hyperoxaluria in pediatric short bowel syndrome: a retrospective single centre study
Authors: Schaefer Jan Thomas , Schulz-Heise Susanne , Rueckel Aline , Rauh Manfred , Juengert Joerg , Galiano Matthias , Meier Norbert , Woelfle Joachim , Schiffer Mario , Hoerning André 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesThe survival of pediatric patients with short bowel syndrome has improved in recent years. Enteric hyperoxaluria as a pathophysiological consequence has been hardly addressed so far. It can be associated with nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis or even renal insufficiency. We assessed the prevalence of hyperoxaluria and its pathogenic consequences in a retrospective single centre study over the last 12 years.MethodsWe conducted an internal database search for all pediatric patients suffering from short bowel syndrome treated from 2010 to 2022 in the department of pediatric gastroenterology as well as the pediatric nephrology and dialysis unit. Out of 56 patients identified, 26 patients were analysed for etiology of short bowel syndrome, renal excretion of oxalate (24/26), remaining short bowel and large intestinal length as well as further clinical parameters such as eGFR, nephrocalcinosis/urinary stone formation or stool frequency.ResultsHyperoxaluria was detected in 14/26 patients (54%). Nephrocalcinosis was present in four patients. Out of these four patients, hyperoxaluria could be proven (21% of all hyperoxaluric patients) in three cases, one hyperoxaluric patient had nephrolithiasis (7%). In one patient hyperoxaluria lead to end stage renal disease. We found that 80% of patients with volvulus developed enteric hyperoxaluria. None of the investigated factors had an effect on oxalate excretion.ConclusionEnteric hyperoxaluria is a relevant pathophysiological finding in patients with short bowel syndrome occurring in about 50% of our cohort with multiple pathogenic complications. Regular screening for hyperoxaluria may be implemented in medical care for patients with short bowel syndrome. If necessary, prophylaxis, e.g., dietary advice or metaphylaxis should be initiated.
Combining conventional ultrasound and ultrasound elastography to predict HER2 status in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Zhuo Xiaoying , Lv Ji , Chen Binjie , Liu Jia , Luo Yujie , Liu Jie , Xie Xiaowei , Lu Jiao , Zhao Ningjun 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Identifying the HER2 status of breast cancer patients is important for treatment options. Previous studies have shown that ultrasound features are closely related to the subtype of breast cancer.Methods: In this study, we used features of conventional ultrasound and ultrasound elastography to predict HER2 status.Results and Discussion: The performance of model (AUROC) with features of conventional ultrasound and ultrasound elastography is higher than that of the model with features of conventional ultrasound (0.82 vs. 0.53). The SHAP method was used to explore the interpretability of the models. Compared with HER2– tumors, HER2+ tumors usually have greater elastic modulus parameters and microcalcifications. Therefore, we concluded that the features of conventional ultrasound combined with ultrasound elastography could improve the accuracy for predicting HER2 status.
Impact of mandatory masking amid the COVID-19 pandemic on outdoor smoking: an interrupted time-series analysis of a 33-month unobtrusive observational study
Authors: Sun Yuying , Wu Yongda Socrates , Cheung Yee Tak Derek , Wang Man Ping , Chen Jianjiu , Leung Lok Tung , Zhang Xiaoyu , Chak Kin Yeung , Lam Tai Hing , Ho Sai Yin 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundMask-wearing in outdoor public places in Hong Kong was mandated on 29 July 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the impact of mandatory masking with no exemption for smoking on outdoor smoking.MethodsWe conducted 253 unobtrusive observations at 10 outdoor smoking hotspots in 33 months from July 2019 to March 2022 and counted smokers and non-smoking pedestrians in fixed boundaries. We conducted interrupted time-series analyses on the monthly mean volume of smokers (persons per hour) using generalized linear models. The independent variables were as follows: time since the first observation, implementation of the mask regulation, time since the regulation, seasonality, and waves 1–5 outbreaks. We checked the robustness of the association using the daily mean volume of smokers as the dependent variable. Two sensitivity analyses were conducted to include the hotspot location or the number of all pedestrians as an offset.ResultsMonthly outdoor smoking decreased immediately after the regulation (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.505, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.374 to 0.680, P &lt; 0.001). Daily smoking analysis and the two sensitivity analyses supported the results. However, monthly outdoor smoking increased by 11% since the regulation (IRR: 1.110, 95% CI: 1.074 to 1.147, P &lt; 0.001). An exception was observed at the most severe wave 5 outbreak when monthly outdoor smoking decreased (IRR: 0.415, 95% CI: 0.327 to 0.525, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionOutdoor smoking fell immediately after mandatory masking, rebounded to pre-pandemic levels, and decreased again at the most severe wave 5.
Relationship between health information literacy and health promoting lifestyle among first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal cancer in China: the mediating effect of health belief
Authors: Zhou Jingru , Zhao Li , Liu Yanjun , He Lin , Yang Fang , Wang Haichao , Fan Jing , Li Qianer , Guo Sisi , Wang Yanfen , Liu Yan , Zhou Dan , Tan Qin 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundHistory of first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer is one of the most important and common risk factors for colorectal cancer in China. Most chronic diseases, such as malignancies, are preventable by adopting health-promoting behaviors and other approaches. However, the relationships among factors affecting the health-promoting lifestyles of first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer have not been sufficiently studied. This study aimed to test the mediation effects of Health belief in the relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and health information literacy among first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive design was conducted using convenience sampling of 856 first-degree relatives of CRC patients attending three tertiary care hospitals in Nanchong and Deyang of China from December 2020 to December 2022. Questionnaires were used to collect data on the participants’ demographic information, the colorectal cancer health beliefs, the health promotion lifestyle, and the health information literacy. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and mediation analysis using SPSS 25.0 program and its macro-program PROCESS.ResultsThe findings indicated health information literacy was less, health belief was at the medium level, and performance of health promotion behavior was average for first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer. Whereas first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer health-promotion lifestyle had a positive correlation with health beliefs (r = 0.376, p &lt; 0.01) and health information literacy (r = 0.533, p &lt; 0.01), health beliefs had a positive correlation with health information literacy (r = 0.337, p &lt; 0.01). Health beliefs mediated the positive effect of health information literacy on health-promoting lifestyles (β =0.420, 95% CI, 0.288–0.581), and indirect effects accounted for 14.0% of the total effect.ConclusionHealth information literacy and health beliefs are key factors associated with a health-promoting lifestyle among first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer. These factors have direct and indirect effects on each other and on health-promoting lifestyles. To enhance health-promoting lifestyles among first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer, interventions that strengthen health beliefs and provide health information literacy should be developed.
A pedigree-based cohort to study the genetic risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases: study design, baseline characteristics and preliminary results
Authors: Zheng Hongchen , Ye Ying , Huang Hui , Huang Chunlan , Gao Wenjing , Wang Mengying , Li Wenyong , Zhou Ren , Jiang Jin , Wang Siyue , Yu Canqing , Lv Jun , Wu Xiaoling , Huang Xiaoming , Cao Weihua , Yan Yansheng , Zheng Kuicheng , Wu Tao , Li Liming 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundWe initiated the Fujian Tulou Pedigree-based Cohort (FTPC) as the integration of extended pedigrees and prospective cohort to clarify the genetic and environmental risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases.MethodsFTPC was carried out in Nanjing County, Fujian Province, China from August 2015 to December 2017 to recruit probands with the same surnames and then enroll their first-degree and more distant relatives. The participants were asked to complete questionnaire interview, physical examination, and blood collection. According to the local genealogical booklets and family registry, we reconstructed extended pedigrees to estimate the heritability of cardiometabolic traits. The follow-up of FTPC is scheduled every 5 years in the future.ResultsThe baseline survey interviewed 2,727 individuals in two clans. A total of 1,563 adult subjects who completed all baseline examinations were used to reconstruct pedigrees and 452 extended pedigrees were finally identified, including one seven-generation pedigree, two five-generation pedigrees, 23 four-generation pedigrees, 186 three-generation pedigrees, and 240 two-generation pedigrees. The average age of the participants was 57.4 years, with 43.6% being males. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia in FTPC were 49.2, 10.0, and 45.2%, respectively. Based on the pedigree structure, the heritability of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fast blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein was estimated at 0.379, 0.306, 0.386, 0.452, 0.568, 0.852, and 0.387, respectively.ConclusionAs an extended pedigree cohort in China, FTPC will provide an important source to study both genetic and environmental risk factors prospectively.
What Chicago community organizations needed to implement COVID-19 interventions: lessons learned in 2021
Authors: Moskowitz David A. , Silva Abigail , Castañeda Yvette , Battalio Samuel L. , Hartstein Madison L. , Murphy Anne Marie , Ndebele Sithembinkosi , Switalski Matthew , Lomahan Sarah , Lacson Leilani , Plum Abigail , Canty Emma , Sandoval Anna , Thomas Paris , De Pablo Marina , Spring Bonnie , Martin Molly 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAs the COVID-19 pandemic placed a spotlight on the health inequities in the United States, this study aimed to determine the local programmatic needs of community organizations (CO) delivering COVID-19 interventions across Chicago.MethodsIn the summer of 2021, the Chicagoland CEAL Program interviewed 34 COs that were providing education, testing, and/or vaccinations in communities experiencing poor COVID-19 outcomes. The interviews were analyzed thematically and organized around logistical challenges and funding/resource needs.ResultsThe COs routinely offered testing (50%) or vaccinations (74%), with most (56%) employing some programmatic evaluation. Programs utilizing trusted-messenger systems were deemed most effective, but resource-intensive. CO specific needs clustered around sustaining effective outreach strategies, better CO coordination, wanting comprehensive trainings, improving program evaluation, and promoting services and programs.ConclusionThe COs reached populations with low-vaccine confidence using trusted messengers to overcome mistrust. However, replenishment of the resources needed to sustain such strategies should be prioritized. Leveraging the Chicagoland CEAL Program to help negotiate community organizations’ interorganizational coordination, create training programs, and provide evaluation expertise are deliverable supports that may bolster COVID-19 prevention.Policy implicationsAchieving health justice requires that all institutions of power participate in meaningful community engagement, help build community capacity, and infuse health equity throughout all aspects of the research and program evaluation processes.
Diflunisal and Analogue Pharmacophores Mediating Suppression of Virulence Phenotypes in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Chan Liana C. , Lee Hong K. , Wang Ling , Chaili Siyang , Xiong Yan Q. , Bayer Arnold S. , Proctor Richard A. , Yeaman Michael R. 
Published: July 2023

Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are leading causes of morbidity and mortality that are complicated by increasing resistance to conventional antibiotics. Thus, minimizing virulence and enhancing antibiotic efficacy against MRSA is a public health imperative. We originally demonstrated that diflunisal (DIF; [2-hydroxy-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl) benzoic acid]) inhibits S. aureus virulence factor expression. To investigate pharmacophores that are active in this function, we evaluated a library of structural analogues for their efficacy to modulate virulence phenotypes in a panel of clinically relevant S. aureus isolates in vitro. Overall, the positions of the phenyl, hydroxyl, and carboxylic moieties and the presence or type of halogen (F vs. Cl) influenced the efficacy of compounds in suppressing hemolysis, proteolysis, and biofilm virulence phenotypes. Analogues lacking halogens inhibited proteolysis to an extent similar to DIF but were ineffective at reducing hemolysis or biofilm production. In contrast, most analogues lacking the hydroxyl or carboxylic acid groups did not suppress proteolysis but did mitigate hemolysis and biofilm production to an extent similar to DIF. Interestingly, chirality and the substitution of fluorine with chlorine resulted in a differential reduction in virulence phenotypes. Together, this pattern of data suggests virulence-suppressing pharmacophores of DIF and structural analogues integrate halogen, hydroxyl, and carboxylic acid moiety stereochemistry. The anti-virulence effects of DIF were achieved using concentrations that are safe in humans, do not impair platelet antimicrobial functions, do not affect S. aureus growth, and do not alter the efficacy of conventional antibiotics. These results offer proof of concept for using novel anti-virulence strategies as adjuvants to antibiotic therapy to address the challenge of MRSA infection.
Liturgy and Ecclesiastical Law
Authors: Krafl Pavel 
Published: July 2023

The subject-matter of this study is liturgical law in the Czech lands in the Middle Ages, i.e. in Great Moravia, in the Duchy of Bohemia, and in the Kingdom of Bohemia. Liturgical law was shaped by the decrees of popes, ecumenical councils, Decretum Gratiani, and collections of decrees. The ordinances of the metropolitan and diocesan bishop or the statutes of a monastic order played a role at the particular church level. The customs of the metropolitan church and the cathedral church are summarised in the agenda in force within the territory of the ecclesiastical province or diocese. A new Slavonic liturgy arrived in Great Moravia in the final third of the 9th century and at the beginning of the 10th century. Popes issued several decrees regulating its use. The newly-established bishopric of Prague and subsequently the restored bishopric of Olomouc used the Latin liturgy alone. The form of the liturgy used was determined by surviving liturgical manuscripts: pontificals, missals, breviaries, lectionaries, psalters, antiphonaries, and graduals. These codices are often richly-illuminated, the most elaborate ones being used by the owner, often the bishop, for prestige promotion. A large number of these liturgical books survive in Czech libraries and manuscript collections from the Middle Ages, most of them from the 14th and in particular the 15th centuries.
DETERMINASI PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN SEKURITAS GO PUBLIC
Authors: Nuryani Anum , Jati Waluyo 
Published: July 2023

<p align="justify">The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the factors that affect profitability in securities companies that list their shares on the IDX. The method used begins with a search for secondary data from the period's financial statements. From 6 existing companies, 5 company samples were selected with a research period of 2016-2021. The data obtained is then obtained with the help of eviews to obtain the appropriate estimation model. Research is designed starting from problem identification, literatal studies, data search and processing, data presentation, distribution and withdrawal. The results of the study found that the factors that affect profitability, namely cash coverage against debt, debt to equity ratio and asset turnover have a significant effect on profitability supported by a coefficient of determination of 96%.</p><p> </p><p class="Style4"><strong>Keywords</strong>: Profitability, Securitas, CKH, DER, TATO, ROA</p>
PENGARUH LABA BERSIH DAN ARUS KAS OPERASI TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN (Pada Perusahaan Bank Mandiri Tbk Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2001-2022)
Authors: Awwaliyah Nur Amaliatun , Hawignyo Hawignyo 
Published: July 2023

<p align="justify">Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan Analisis Statistik Deskriptif, Uji Asumsi Klasik, Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda, Uji Hipotesis, dan Koefisien Determinasi R<sup>2</sup> pada Perusahaan Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. Pada metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian menggunakan software SPSS versi 20. Variabel penelitian ini adalah variabel independen sebagai Laba Bersih dan Arus Kas, sedangkan variabel dependen sebagai Kebijakan Dividen. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu teknik Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda dengan Uji t dan Uji f dengan tingkat signifikan sebesar 0.05. Pada hasil penelitian adalah nilai dari R square sebesar 0,465, yang artinya variabel independen Laba Bersih dan Arus Kas Operasi dapat menjelaskan variabel dependen Kebijakan Dividen sebesar 46,5% sisanya 53,5% dijelaskan variabel lainya diluar model penelitian ini. Hasil Uji Asumsi Klasik ada beberapa asumsi yaitu Uji Normalitas mempunyai nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,544 jadi setiap variabel signifikan lebih besar dari 0.05. Uji Autokorelasi pada penelitian ini sebesar 1,584, dan Uji Multikolonieritas sebesar 2,946. Pada hasil penelitian Uji t Laba Bersih sebesar -4,058 dengan t tabel 2,07961 dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,001 jadi hasil penelitian ini Laba Bersih berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap Kebijakan Dividen. Hasil penelitian Uji t Arus Kas sebesar 3,169 dengan t tabel 2,07961 dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,005 jadi hasil penelitian ini Arus Kas berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap Kebijakan Dividen. Pada hasil penelitian ini Uji f sebesar 8,259 dengan f tabel sebesar 3,52 dan nilai signifikan 0,003, hasil penelitian ini variabel independen berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap variabel dependen.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci : </strong>Laba Bersih, Arus Kas Operasi, Kebijakan Dividen.</p>