bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chitinase-like proteins promoting tumorigenesis through disruption of cell polarity via enlarged endosomal vesicles
Authors: Khalili Dilan , Kunc Martin , Herbrich Sarah , Müller Anna M. , Theopold Ulrich 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionChitinase-like proteins (CLPs) are associated with tissue-remodeling and inflammation but also with several disorders, including fibrosis, atherosclerosis, allergies, and cancer. However, CLP’s role in tumors is far from clear. MethodsHere, we utilize Drosophila melanogaster and molecular genetics to investigate the function of CLPs (imaginal disc growth factors; Idgf’s) in RasV12 dysplastic salivary glands. Results and discussionWe find one of the Idgf’s members, Idgf3, is transcriptionally induced in a JNK-dependent manner via a positive feedback loop mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, Idgf3 accumulates in enlarged endosomal vesicles (EnVs) that promote tumor progression by disrupting cytoskeletal organization. The process is mediated via the downstream component, aSpectrin, which localizes to the EnVs. Our data provide new insight into CLP function in tumors and identifies specific targets for tumor control.
Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence study of esomeprazole magnesium enteric-coated tablets 20 mg in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting and fed conditions
Authors: Chu Nannan , Ding Ying , Que Linling , Huang Kai , Chen Yuanxing , Qin Wei , Qian Zhenzhong , Shi Yunfei , Xu Zhen , He Qing 
Published: April 2023

Objective: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, bioequivalence, and safety properties between a new generic and a brand reference formulation of esomeprazole enteric-coated tablets 20 mg in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting and fed conditions.Methods: The fasting study was an open-label, randomized, two-period crossover study conducted in 32 healthy Chinese volunteers, and the fed study was a four-period crossover study conducted in 40 healthy Chinese volunteers. Blood samples were collected at the specified time points and determined to obtain the plasma concentrations of esomeprazole. The primary pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the non-compartment method. Bioequivalence was analyzed by the geometric mean ratios (GMRs) of the two formulations and the corresponding 90% confidence intervals (CIs). The safety of the two formulations was assessed.Results: The fasting and fed study showed that the pharmacokinetics of the two formulations was similar. Under the fasting condition, the 90% CIs of GMRs of the test-to-reference formulation were 87.92%–104.36% for Cmax, 87.82%–101.45% for AUC0-t, and 87.99%–101.54% for AUC0-∞; under the fed condition, the 90% CIs of GMRs of the test-to-reference formulation were 80.53%–94.95% for Cmax, 87.46%–97.26% for AUC0-t, and 87.46%–97.16% for AUC0-∞. The 90% CIs of GMRs fall within the bioequivalence range of 80.00%–125.00%. The two formulations had good safety and were well-tolerated, and no serious adverse events occurred.Conclusion: According to relevant regulatory standards, esomeprazole enteric-coated generic and reference products exhibited bioequivalence and good safety in healthy Chinese subjects.Clinical Trials Registration:http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/index.html, identifier CTR20171347 and CTR20171484
Joint engagement and early language abilities in young children with Down syndrome
Authors: Mattie Laura J. , Fanta Daniela 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionEarly social strengths likely serve as a foundation for language acquisition for young children with Down syndrome (DS). One way to characterize early social skills is to examine a child’s engagement with a caregiver around an object of interest. The current study examines joint engagement in young children with DS and its relation to language abilities at two-time points in early development.MethodsParticipants were 16 young children with DS and their mothers. At two time points, mother–child free plays were completed and coded for joint engagement. Language abilities were measured at both time points using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales 3rd edition and the number of words understood and produced on the MacArthur-Bates Communication Development Inventory.ResultsYoung children with DS spent more time in supported joint engagement than coordinated joint engagement at both time points. Using a weighted joint engagement variable, children with DS who had higher weighted joint engagement had lower expressive language raw scores on the Vineland when controlling for age at Time 1. At Time 2, children with DS who had higher weighted joint engagement had higher expressive and receptive language raw scores on the Vineland when controlling for age. Predictively, children with DS who had a higher weighted joint engagement at Time 1 had a lower number of words produced at Time 2 when controlling for age at Time 1.DiscussionOur results suggest that young children with DS may compensate for their difficulties with language by using joint engagement. These results highlight the importance of teaching parents to be responsive during interactions with their child to move them into both supported and coordinated engagement, which in turn may foster language development.
Designing implementation strategies to improve identification, cascade testing, and management of families with familial hypercholesterolemia: An intervention mapping approach
Authors: Jones Laney K. , Calvo Evan M. , Campbell-Salome Gemme , Walters Nicole L. , Brangan Andrew , Rodriguez Gabriela , Ahmed Catherine D. , Morgan Kelly M. , Gidding Samuel S. , Williams Marc S. , Brownson Ross C. , Seaton Terry L. , Goldberg Anne C. , McGowan Mary P. , Rahm Alanna K. , Sturm Amy C. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common inherited cholesterol disorder that, without early intervention, leads to premature cardiovascular disease. Multilevel strategies that target all components of FH care including identification, cascade testing, and management are needed to address gaps that exist in FH care. We utilized intervention mapping, a systematic implementation science approach, to identify and match strategies to existing barriers and develop programs to improve FH care.MethodsData were collected utilizing two methods: a scoping review of published literature, related to any component of FH care, and a parallel mixed method study using interviews and surveys. The scientific literature was searched using key words including “barriers” or “facilitators” and “familial hypercholesterolemia” from inception to December 1, 2021. The parallel mixed method study recruited individuals and families with FH to participate in either dyadic interviews (N = 11 dyads/22 individuals) or online surveys (N = 98 respondents). Data generated from the scoping review, dyadic interviews, and online surveys were used in the 6-step intervention mapping process. Steps 1–3 included a needs assessment, development of program outcomes and creation of evidence-based implementation strategies. Steps 4–6 included program development, implementation, and evaluation of implementation strategies.ResultsIn steps 1–3, a needs assessment found barriers to FH care included underdiagnosis of the condition which led to suboptimal management due to a myriad of determinants including knowledge gaps, negative attitudes, and risk misperceptions by individuals with FH and clinicians. Literature review highlighted barriers to FH care at the health system level, notably the relative lack of genetic testing resources and infrastructure needed to support FH diagnosis and treatment. Examples of strategies to overcome identified barriers included development of multidisciplinary care teams and educational programs. In steps 4–6, an NHLBI-funded study, the Collaborative Approach to Reach Everyone with FH (CARE-FH), deployed strategies that focused on improving identification of FH in primary care settings. The CARE-FH study is used as an example to describe program development, implementation, and evaluation techniques of implementation strategies.ConclusionThe development and deployment of evidence-based implementation strategies that address barriers to FH care are important next steps to improve identification, cascade testing, and management.
A cross-sectional study examining perceptions of discriminatory behaviors experienced and witnessed by veterinary students undertaking clinical extra-mural studies
Authors: Summers Olivia S. , Medcalf Rebecca , Hubbard Katherine A. , McCarroll Charlotte S. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionRecent research showed that 29% of respondents in a survey of veterinary professionals reported experiencing self-described discrimination in their workplaces. Senior colleagues and clients were responsible for discriminatory behaviors. As part of their training, veterinary students are expected to undertake extra-mural study (EMS) within these same workplaces and are likely to be vulnerable to discrimination from senior colleagues and clients. This study's objectives were to identify and characterize the pattern of perceived discriminatory behaviors (i.e., belief of being treated unfairly) that veterinary students encounter while seeing practice and explore students' attitudes toward discrimination.MethodsStudents at British and Irish veterinary schools who undertook some clinical EMS completed a survey of closed and open questions as part of a cross-sectional study. Demographic data and experiences of discrimination with details of incidents and reporting were collected, alongside respondent attitudes. Quantitative data were analyzed using Pearson's chi-squared analysis to analyse respondents' characteristics and their experiences of discriminatory behaviors and subsequent reporting. Qualitative content analysis was used for open-question data.ResultsOf the 403 respondents, 36.0% had perceived behavior they believed was discriminatory. The most frequent form of discrimination was based on gender (38.0%), followed by ethnicity (15.7%). There were significant associations between respondents' experience of discriminatory behaviors and the following characteristics: age (p = 0.0096), disability (p &lt; 0.00001), race/ethnicity (p &lt; 0.0001), gender/sex (p = 0.018), and LGBTQ+ status (p = 0.001). Supervising veterinarians were the most commonly reported perpetrators of discriminatory behaviors (39.3%) compared with clients (36.4%). Only 13.9% of respondents who experienced discrimination reported the event(s). Respondents with a disability were the least likely to agree with the statement that professional bodies are doing enough to tackle discrimination (p &lt; 0.0001). Most respondents agreed that sexism is still an issue (74.4%), but men were more likely to disagree (p = 0.004). Most respondents felt that ethnic diversity needed to be increased (96.3%).DiscussionDiscriminatory behavior is a problem for students seeing practice, especially those with one or more protected characteristics (as defined by the UK Equality Act 2010). Improved education would need to include perspectives from minority groups to help remove discriminatory behavior from veterinary practice.
Soluble B-cell maturation antigen as a monitoring marker for multiple myeloma
Authors: Wiedemann Ádám , Szita Virág Réka , Horváth Róbert , Szederjesi Attila , Sebő Attila , Tóth András Dávid , Masszi Tamás , Varga Gergely 
Published: April 2023

Objective: Response to treatment in multiple myeloma (MM) is routinely measured by serum and urine M-protein and free light chain (FLC), as described by the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) consensus statement. A non-negligible subgroup of patients however present without measurable biomarkers, others become oligo or non-secretory during recurrent relapses. The aim of our research was to evaluate soluble B-cell maturation antigen (sBCMA) as a monitoring marker measured concurrent with the standard monitoring in MM patients at diagnosis, at relapse and during follow up, in order to establish its potential usefulness in oligo and non-secretory disease.Method: sBCMA levels were measured in 149 patients treated for plasma cell dyscrasia (3 monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance, 5 smoldering myeloma, 7 plasmacytoma, 8 AL amyloidosis and 126 MM) and 16 control subjects using a commercial ELISA kit. In 43 newly diagnosed patients sBCMA levels were measured at multiple timepoints during treatment, and compared to conventional IMWG response and progression free survival (PFS).Results: sBCMA levels among control subjects were significantly lower than among newly diagnosed or relapsed MM patients [20.8 (14.7–38.7) ng/mL vs. 676 (89.5–1,650) and 264 (20.7–1,603) ng/mL, respectively]. Significant correlations were found between sBCMA and the degree of bone marrow plasma cell infiltration. Out of the 37 newly diagnosed patients who have reached partial response or better per IMWG criteria, 33 (89%) have had at least a 50% drop in sBCMA level by therapy week 4. Cohorts made similarly to IMWG response criteria—achieving a 50% or 90% drop in sBCMA levels compared to level at diagnosis—had statistically significant differences in PFS.Conclusion: Our results confirmed that sBCMA levels are prognostic at important decision points in myeloma, and the percentage of BCMA change is predictive for PFS. This highlights the great potential use of sBCMA in oligo- and non-secretory myeloma.
Formation of neuron-microelectrode junction mediated by a synapse organizer
Authors: Kim Samyoung , Imayasu Mieko , Yoshida Tomoyuki , Tsutsui Hidekazu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Neural circuits are composed of various cell types, each of which is thought to play a specific role in realizing the circuit functions. Cell-type specificity is therefore essential in recording neuronal activities but is inherently lacking in the currently available microelectrode techniques. Here, using Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 (IL1RAPL1) as a model synapse organizer, we show a proof-of-principle experiment that a microelectrode functionalized with a synapse organizer is capable of inducing a synapse-like junction between a neuron upon physical contact. We then discuss prospects for developing a new mode of electrophysiology that permits cell-type specific recordings via such a molecularly induced neuron-microelectrode junction.
Pelatihan Berfikir Positif untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Remaja Yatim Pondok Pesantren X Di Palembang
Authors: Afifah kamilah  , Abdullah Sri Muliati 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kepercayaan diri pada remaja yatim sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pelatihan berpikir positif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dan diukur sebanyak tiga kali (pretest, posttest, dan follow up dalam 10 hari setelah perlakuan). Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 18 orang remaja yatim dan memiliki skor berpikir positif dan kepercayaan diri yang rendah, subjek terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Pembagian kedua kelompok tersebut dilakukan dengan cara random assigment. Kelompok eksperimen diberikan perlakuan berupa intervensi pelatihan berpikir positif yang dilakukan selama 3 hari. Kelompok kontrol mendapatkan perlakuan setelah follow up dilakukan. Skala berpikir positif dan kepercayaan diri digunakan sebagai alat ukur dalam penelitian. Hasil analisis data yang dilakukan menggunakan teknik analisis Mann Whitney U-Test didapatkan hasil, skor post test antara kelompok eksperimen dengan kelompok kontrol sebesar Z -3,582 dengan Asymp. Sig sebesar (p=0,000<0.05), dimana terdapat perbedaan skor kepercayaan diri setelah diberikan intervensi pelatihan berpikir positif dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberikan intervensi. Tingkat kepercayaan diri kelompok eksperimen setelah diberikan intervensi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan berpikir positif efektif dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan diri pada remaja yatim.

Kata kunci: Pelatihan berpikir positif, Kepercayaan diri, Remaja yatim
Emergent Causality & the Foundation of Consciousness
Authors: Bennett Michael Timothy 
Published: April 2023

<p><strong>Awarded "Best Student Paper" and published in Proceedings of The 16th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, Stockholm, 2023.</strong></p>
<p><br></p>
<p>To make accurate inferences in an interactive setting, an agent must not confuse passive observation of events with having intervened to cause them. The do operator formalises interventions so that we may reason about their effect. Yet there exist pareto optimal mathematical formalisms of general intelligence in an interactive setting which, presupposing no explicit representation of intervention, make maximally accurate inferences. We examine one such formalism. We show that in the absence of a do operator, an intervention can be represented by a variable. We then argue that variables are abstractions, and that need to explicitly represent interventions in advance arises only because we presuppose these sorts of abstractions. The aforementioned formalism avoids this and so, initial conditions permitting, representations of relevant causal interventions will emerge through induction. </p>
<p>These emergent abstractions function as representations of one’s self and of any other object, inasmuch as the interventions of those objects impact the satisfaction of goals. We argue that this explains how one might reason about one's own identity and intent, those of others, of one's own as perceived by others and so on. In a narrow sense this describes what it is to be aware, and is a mechanistic explanation of aspects of consciousness.</p>
Awesome-META+: Meta-Learning Research and Learning Platform
Authors: Wang Jingyao , Zhang Chuyuan , Ding Ye , Yang Yuxuan 
Published: April 2023

<p> Artificial intelligence technology has already had a profound impact in various fields such as economy, industry, and education, but still limited. Meta-learning, also known as "learning to learn", provides an opportunity for general artificial intelligence, which can break through the current AI bottleneck. However, meta learning started late and there are fewer projects compare with CV, NLP etc. Each deployment requires a lot of experience to configure the environment, debug code or even rewrite, and the frameworks are isolated. Moreover, there are currently few platforms that focus exclusively on meta-learning, or provide learning materials for novices, for which the threshold is relatively high. Based on this, Awesome-META+, a meta-learning framework integration and learning platform is proposed to solve the above problems and provide a complete and reliable meta-learning framework application and learning platform. The project aims to promote the development of meta-learning and the expansion of the community, including but not limited to the following functions: 1) Complete and reliable meta-learning framework, which can adapt to multi-field tasks such as target detection, image classification, and reinforcement learning. 2) Convenient and simple model deployment scheme which provide convenient meta-learning transfer methods and usage methods to lower the threshold of meta-learning and improve efficiency. 3) Comprehensive researches for learning. 4) Objective and credible performance analysis and thinking. </p>
Astrocytes induce desynchronizing effects in neuron-astrocyte networks cultured on microelectrode arrays
Authors: Genocchi Barbara , Ahtiainen Annika , Niemi Annika , Barros Michael , Tanskanen Jarno , Lenk Kerstin , Hyttinen Jari , Subramaniyam Narayan 
Published: April 2023

<p>In this work, we aim to study how astrocytes control electrophysiological activity during network formation. Here we use a combination of spike/burst analysis and complex analysis of the raw neuronal signals to assess the role of astrocytes on microelectrode arrays (MEA). We cultured rat primary cortical neurons and astrocytes on 60-electrode MEAs with different neuron/astrocyte ratios ranging from “pure” neuronal cultures (NS) without separately added astrocytes to co-cultures containing 50% neurons and 50% astrocytes. We analyzed the spike and burst rates, as well as the complexity-entropy causality planes of the signals to deeply study the patterning of the neuronal signals.</p>
<p>Moreover, we classified the spike waveforms from the NS and the co-cultures based on their signal properties. </p>
<p>The dataset used can be found at: https://zenodo.org/record/7741379.</p>
Observation of spurious spectral features in mixed-powder compressed pellets measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.
Authors: Murphy Keir , Markl Daniel , Nordon Alison , Nfataly Mira 
Published: April 2023

<p>Spurious loss features were observed in mixed-powder compressed pellets measured in transmission using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Loss features were identified in two types of pellets: PTFE-glass microspheres and PTFE-lactose. The features were found to be dependent on particle size and concentration. An explanation is proposed, based on varying optical thickness of the sample material. </p>
Kemampuan Memahami Persamaan Reaksi Kimia Di Era Pembelajaran Digital Pada Siswa Kelas X MIPA SMAN 5 Palangka Raya
Authors: Seliwati Seliwati 
Published: April 2023

Pembelajaran jarak jauh dilaksanakan dalam rangka mencegah penyebaran dan penularan COVID-19 di lingkungan satuan pendidikan. Kemendikbud telah mengambil kebijakan untuk menutup sekolah selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan pembelajaran jarak jauh, guru harus menyiapkan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh menggunakan media pembelajaran digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan siswa kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 5 Palangka Raya dalam memahami konsep persamaan reaksi kimia menggunakan media pembelajaran digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian 136 siswa kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 5 Palangka Raya tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Instrumen menggunakan tes tertulis pilihan ganda dengan empat pilihan jawaban serta wawancara. Rerata persentase kemampuan siswa memahami konsep persamaan reaksi kimia pada indikator (1) menjelaskan pengertian persamaan reaksi kimia sebesar 62,5% ; (2) menentukan persamaan reaksi kimia dari zat-zat yang bereaksi 68,87%; (3) menentukan koefisien reaksi yang tepat untuk menyetarakan persamaan reaksi kimia 75%; (4) menentukan senyawa kimia dan koefisien reaksi yang tepat untuk melengkapi persamaan reaksi kimia 71,81%.
Multidisciplinary teams in high intensity medicine
Authors: Russo Emanuele , Strada Andrea , Agnoletti Vanni 
Published: April 2023

When I was younger, I had the privilege of seeing the greatest player in the history of soccer play live: Diego Armando Maradona. Maradona was able to win matches and tournaments just on his own. In contrast, in third millennium medicine, no physician can expect to defeat complex diseases requiring high-intensity care without the support of a team.
The inherent complexity of precision medicine, the abundance of treatment options, and the need to set up long-term treatment pathways with different intensities of care, are driving toward a win-win approach of patient management by Multidisciplinary Teams (MDT). This is the whole reason Acute Care Medicine Surgery and Anaesthesia (AMSA) was born: ranging from the name of the journal to the composition of the editorial board, our interest in critically ill and surgical patients is clearly visible. [...]