bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left atrial reservoir strain as a predictor of cardiac dysfunction in a murine model of pressure overload
Authors: Salvas John P. , Moore‐Morris Thomas , Goergen Craig J. , Sicard Pierre 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimLeft atrial (LA) strain is emerging as a valuable metric for evaluating cardiac function, particularly under pathological conditions such as pressure overload. This preclinical study investigates the predictive utility of LA strain on cardiac function in a murine model subjected to pressure overload, mimicking pathologies such as hypertension and aortic stenosis.MethodsHigh‐resolution ultrasound was performed in a cohort of mice (n = 16) to evaluate left atrial and left ventricular function at baseline and 2 and 4 weeks after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Acute adaptations in cardiac function were assessed in a subgroup of mice (n = 10) with 3 days post‐TAC imaging.ResultsWe report an increase in LA max volume from 11.0 ± 4.3 μL at baseline to 26.7 ± 16.7 μL at 4 weeks (p = 0.002) and a decrease in LA reservoir strain from 20.8 ± 5.4% at baseline to 10.2 ± 6.9% at 4 weeks (p = 0.001). In the acute phase, LA strain dysfunction was present at 3 days (p < 0.001), prior to alterations in LA volume (p = 0.856) or left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (p = 0.120). LA reservoir strain correlated with key indicators of cardiac performance including left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (r = 0.541, p < 0.001), longitudinal strain (r = −0.637, p < 0.001), and strain rate (r = 0.378, p = 0.007). Furthermore, markers of atrial structure and function including LA max volume (AUC = 0.813, p = 0.003), ejection fraction (AUC = 0.853, p = 0.001), and strain (AUC = 0.884, p < 0.001) all predicted LV dysfunction.ConclusionLA strain and function assessments provide a reliable, non‐invasive method for the early detection and prediction of cardiac dysfunction in a model of pressure overload.
Levelling up learning in higher education: Gamification of in‐video components to supercharge student learning and achievement in video‐based learning
Authors: Lee Jeongwon , Kim Dongho 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite the rapid growth of video‐based learning in higher education, students face challenges in sustaining their full attention on video lectures. While gamification has been used to engage students, there have been few attempts to gamify in‐video learning. The study aimed to create a gamified instructional video and examine the effects on learning. We identified gamification principles that can be incorporated to gamify in‐video components. An experiment conducted for validation purposes involved 48 undergraduate and graduate students. The results revealed that the participants who learned from the gamified instruction video (ie, experimental group, n = 23) had higher levels of necessary cognitive load required for accomplishing the given tasks than the participants who learned from a conventional video (ie, control group, n = 25). Although there was no significant difference in situational interest, the experimental group also exhibited better achievement, higher levels of intrinsic motivation, and learning satisfaction than the control group. Interview results revealed that the experimental group had a positive learning experience and clarified how the gamification strategies contributed to the outcomes. We discuss the implications of this study for research and practice.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Video‐based learning (VBL) is recognized for its ability to accommodate students with diverse educational needs, and higher education has paid attention to its accessibility.
During VBL, students face challenges in sustaining their full attention on video lectures unless they are highly motivated to learn. Moreover, students lack access to receive real‐time guidance and feedback.
What this paper adds

We created a gamified VBL environment by embedding game elements into an instructional video.
The experimental results indicated that the gamified video did not significantly increase learners' situational interest but enhanced necessary cognitive load, intrinsic motivation, learning satisfaction, and academic achievement. Interview findings supported these results, revealing that the gamified video effectively reduced unnecessary cognitive load while increasing cognitive efforts toward achieving learning objectives, thereby fostering engaging learning experiences.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Our attempts to create gamified instructional videos demonstrated how to enhance video lectures through gamification strategies and offered guidance for the design of gamified instructional videos.
We also contributed to the exploration of gamification strategies in education and the potential of relatively underexplored gamification elements.
Studying Kurdishness in Turkey: A review of existing research
Authors: Acar Yasemin Gülsüm , Sandal‐Önal Elif , Şen Ercan , Uysal Mete Sefa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractKnowledge production on marginalized identities is frequently shaped by epistemic violence, which limits both the scope and methodologies of research. One example of this is the case of Kurdish identity in Turkey, where we find that methodological and epistemic problems are evident particularly in social psychological research. To summarize social psychological studies on Kurdishness, Kurdish identity and conflict in Turkey we've conducted a systematic review that includes a total of 63 studies on topics related to Kurdishness. We utilize qualitative content analysis (Schreier, 2012) to address: (1) whether samples in the studies in our review represent Kurds, (2) which topics the studies mostly focus on, (3) how Kurdish identity and Kurds as a group are conceptualized and (4) how the Kurdish issue is conceptualized. We discuss our findings in light of epistemic violence and methodological nationalism and identify the key gaps in the literature and offer a critical, inclusive understanding of the social psychological studies on Kurdish identity and state violence in Turkey.
Impact of Two Flap Advancement Techniques and Periosteal Suturing on Graft Displacement During Guided Bone Regeneration
Authors: Raabe Clemens , Cafferata Emilio A. , Couso‐Queiruga Emilio , Chappuis Vivianne , Ramanauskaite Ausra , Schwarz Frank 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis preclinical ex vivo porcine study aimed to evaluate the effects of two flap advancement techniques and periosteal suturing (PS) on graft material displacement during primary wound closure in guided bone regeneration (GBR). Secondary objectives included assessing flap advancement and the impact of soft tissue characteristics on graft displacement.Materials and MethodsStandardized two‐walled horizontal bone defects were created in second premolar sites of pig hemimandibles. Sites were randomized to using either full‐thickness flaps with modified periosteal releasing incisions (MPRI) or combination flaps using the mucosal detachment technique (MDT), both with and without PS. Cone‐beam computed tomography was used to measure changes in graft material thickness (GMT) at seven incremental levels (L0–L6) relative to the implant platform, before and after primary wound closure. Keratinized mucosa width (KMW), flap thickness (FT), and flap advancement (FA) were also recorded.ResultsSixty‐eight horizontal bone augmentation procedures were performed on 34 pig hemimandibles, divided into four groups (MDT+PS, MDT‐PS, MPRI+PS, MPRI‐PS). Mean overall change in GMT at L0 was −24.5% ± 14.0% for MPRI and − 23.0% ± 14.3% for MDT (p ≥ 0.085). PS reduced graft displacement (−14.2% ± 11.5%) compared with no PS (−33.2% ± 16.9%, p < 0.001). FA was 8.3 ± 1.1 mm (MPRI) and 8.3 ± 1.5 mm (MDT). The mean KMW was 6.8 ± 0.9 mm, and FT ranged from 0.8 to 1.6 mm.ConclusionsPS significantly reduced graft material displacement during primary wound closure, while flap advancement techniques and soft tissue characteristics had no impact on graft stability. Both surgical techniques provided sufficient flap advancement for primary wound closure.
Piloting of a Decision Aid for Recurrent Tonsillitis
Authors: Hill Callum , Ah‐See Kim , Moffat Helen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveCurrently, there is no adult‐specific decision aid (DA) to support decision‐making regarding recurrent tonsillitis. This study intends to address this gap by piloting a prototype DA.DesignRandomised clinical trial.SettingSingle centre trial at a tertiary otolaryngology department.ParticipantsForty‐three patients were randomised to either the DA or Treatment as Usual (TAU) group.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary objective: To measure how patients rate the quality of their decision‐making experience at the time of the decision and at follow‐up (SURE scale).Secondary objective: The level of decisional satisfaction at the time of the decision and follow‐up, as well as to explore the numbers of people opting for surgery for each study condition (Shared tool and patient feedback).ResultsQuality: This study demonstrates no statistically significant difference in how patients rate the quality of their treatment decision between DA and TAU, both at baseline (p = 0.553) and follow‐up (p = 0.062).Satisfaction: This study showed a statistically significant level of decisional satisfaction at the time the decision was made for Qu2 of the Shared tool (U = 113, p = 0.026). No other significant difference was found between participants who received the DA and TAU.ConclusionThe DA is an acceptable and useful tool that could be incorporated into the pathway for recurrent tonsillitis, helping to eliminate physician implicit bias. However, preliminary qualitative evidence from this pilot study does not suggest that including the DA improves the quality of decision‐making.Trial Registration: IRAS ID ‐ 230 362
Simple Auto‐Associative Networks Succeed at Universal Generalization of the Identity Function and Reduplication Rule
Authors: Kurtz Kenneth J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIt has become widely accepted that standard connectionist models are unable to show identity‐based relational reasoning that requires universal generalization. The purpose of this brief report is to show how one of the simplest forms of such models, feed‐forward auto‐associative networks, satisfies two of the most well‐known challenges: universal generalization of the identity function and the reduplication rule. Given the simplicity of the modeling account provided, along with the clarity of the evidence, these demonstrations invite a shift in this high‐profile debate over the nature of cognitive architecture and point to a way to bridge some of the presumed gulf between characteristically symbolic forms of reasoning and connectionist mechanisms.
Metaphor and Metaphilosophy: Wittgenstein, MacDonald, and Conceptual Metaphor Theory
Authors: Yetman Cameron C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe discipline of philosophy has been critiqued from both within and outside itself. One brand of external critique is associated with Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), the view that human cognition is partially structured by pervasive and automatic mappings between conceptual domains. Most notably, Lakoff and Johnson (1999) claimed that many central philosophical concepts and arguments rely on an unacknowledged metaphorical substructure, and that this structure has sometimes led philosophy astray. The purpose of this paper is to argue that Lakoff and Johnson's critique is anticipated by the work of post‐Tractarian Wittgenstein and his student, Margaret MacDonald. In the Blue Book, Wittgenstein outlines a method for identifying and resolving philosophical puzzles generated by misused grammatical analogies, although his discussion lacks a precise characterization of exactly how and why such analogies lead to trouble. In a 1938 paper, MacDonald offers such a characterization, which I outline and then connect back to Wittgenstein. In addition to this interpretive work, I supplement Wittgenstein and MacDonald's diagnosis using evidence from CMT which suggests that linguistic metaphors and analogies often originate in or are motivated by more fundamental analogical mappings in cognition. The supplemented account carries implications for how philosophical arguments ought to be formulated and critiqued.
SELF‐FULFILLING BUSINESS CYCLES WITH PRODUCTION NETWORKS
Authors: Dong Feng , Zhou Fei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWhat is the role of production networks in inducing self‐fulfilling business cycles? We construct a multisector business cycle model that features both input–output linkages and credit constraints. Our theoretical framework demonstrates that a single aggregate financial multiplier is sufficient to characterize equilibrium determinacy, which hinges on the network structure. By quantitatively assessing the possibility of indeterminate equilibria in the United States from 2000 to 2020, we discover that the economy was prone to self‐fulfilling fluctuations in the period of pre‐2007.
‘It Feels Very Weird and Normal at the Same Time’: Sibling Perceptions of Their Relationships With an Autistic Brother or Sister With Complex Care Needs
Authors: Rixon Louise , Hastings Richard P. , Kovshoff Hanna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe impact of having a disabled brother or sister on siblings' psychological well‐being and sibling relationships has been the subject of several research studies. However, research which focuses on the relationship between siblings and their autistic brother or sister with an intellectual disability and complex care needs is rare. We explored siblings' views and experiences of their sibling relationship with their autistic brother or sister with complex care needs.MethodEleven children and early adolescents (4 male/7 female) between the ages of 8 and 14 years took part in semi‐structured interviews with questions focussing on their relationship with their autistic brother or sister who had complex care needs. Reflexive thematic analysis was used as a guide to analyse the data.ResultsFour themes are presented: positive interactions bring joy, sibling conflict is driven by verbal interactions, behaviours may have different meanings for the sibling, perceptions of change in the sibling relationship.ConclusionsThe siblings of autistic brothers and sisters with an intellectual disability and complex care needs described warmth and positivity. Siblings of autistic children, who have complex care needs, deeply valued their interactions with their brother or sister despite reciprocity being on their terms. When autistic brothers and sisters had some functional spoken language, this often changed the context for the siblings relationship; perhaps leading to an increased chance of conflict or perceived negative experiences. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the individual meaning of these sibling relationships.
Malnutrition Diagnosed by Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment and the Risk of All‐Cause Mortality in Adults With Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Seid Awole , Debebe Zelalem , Ayelign Abebe , Abeje Melsew , Endris Bilal Shikur , Assefa Mathewos , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionSeveral reviews have highlighted that the Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG‐SGA) is the best diagnostic tool for assessing nutritional status in cancer patients. However, previous meta‐analyses summarizing the prevalence of malnutrition and overall survival in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer are quite limited. This study aims to determine the overall prevalence and association between malnutrition, as defined by the PG‐SGA, and mortality in adults with GI cancer.MethodsA comprehensive systematic review of articles published from 2005 to 2023 was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Sciences and Scopus. The PRISMA guideline was followed to organize the entire content. A random‐effects meta‐analysis model using R Studio was performed to quantify the pooled proportion and hazard ratios (HRs). Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test and funnel plots. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 and Baujat plots. This study was registered in PROSPERO under the protocol number CRD42023465685.ResultsIn this study, 46 publications with 23,235 participants were included in the final meta‐analysis. The overall prevalence of malnutrition among adults with GI cancer, as determined by the PG‐SGA, was 61% (95% CI: 51%–70%, I2 = 99%). The pooled prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition were 38% (95% CI: 31%–45%, I2 = 96%) and 21% (95% CI: 13%–31%, I2 = 98%), respectively. By cancer type, malnutrition was more common in patients with oesophageal cancer (78%, 95% CI: 45%–94%, I2 = 99%) and gastric cancer (75%, 95% CI: 68%–81%, I2 = 87%). Additionally, the overall risk (pooled HR) of malnutrition on mortality among GI cancer patients was 2.02 (95% CI: 1.63–2.5, I2 = 23%).ConclusionMalnutrition is common in adults with GI cancer and doubles the risk of all‐cause mortality. These results emphasize the importance of ongoing efforts in prevention, early assessment, and intervention for malnutrition to minimize mortality rates.
Evidence‐Based Teaching Strategies for Assessing Pressure Injuries in Older Nursing Home Residents With Darker Skin Tones
Authors: Sugathapala R D Udeshika Priyadarshani , Balasuriya Aindralal , Gillespie Brigid M. , Chaboyer Wendy , Latimer Sharon 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo describe the development and implementation of evidence‐based teaching strategies for assessing and classifying pressure injuries in older nursing home individuals ≥ 60 years old with darker skin tones.DesignPressure injury assessment learning interventions based on pre‐ and post‐test assessments.MethodsThe learning interventions were developed by experts in pressure injury education and were based on empirical evidence, international clinical practice guidelines, and underpinned by social constructivism theory and the integrated interactive teaching model. The teaching strategy was developed to educate research assistants in the assessment of pressure injuries in darker skin tone individuals. The content included requisite knowledge and skills for pressure injury assessment and classification in darker skinned individuals. Using evidence‐based teaching strategies, the content was delivered through face‐to‐face lectures, small group discussions, and practical application sessions delivered using classroom and practical‐based activities. Photographic images were used to assess their knowledge and skills in classifying pressure injuries. Four Bachelor of Nursing‐qualified registered nurses in Sri Lanka were recruited as research assistants using the new education resource. Using scores from 1 to 20 points, mastery of the theory and practice components was assessed.ResultsThe mean pre‐test score was 9 ± 1.6 (95% confidence interval 6.4–11.6), demonstrating that assessment and classification of pressure injury knowledge were lacking. The mean post‐test score was 16 ± 0.8 (95% confidence interval 14.7–17.3) indicating an improvement in the participants' ability to assess and staging pressure injuries.ConclusionEarly pressure injury detection among older individuals with darker skin tones is challenging. This evidence‐based teaching approach can be used to educate clinical nurses and research assistants in assessing pressure injuries in individuals with darker skin tones.Clinical RelevanceThis study contributes to the body of knowledge by improving the early detection and accurate classification of pressure injuries in older nursing home residents with darker skin tones, addressing a significant gap in current nursing practice.
Maternal differential treatment and adult children's well‐being when mothers have cognitive impairment
Authors: Suitor J. Jill , Gilligan Megan , Frase Robert T. , He Ranran , Ogle Destiny 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesOur goal was to examine the role of perceptions of mothers' cognitive impairment (CI) in shaping the impact of maternal differential treatment on adult children's psychological well‐being.BackgroundThe detrimental impact of mothers' differential treatment on adult children's psychological well‐being has been well‐documented; however, little is known about whether this association is moderated by mothers' CI.MethodsMixed‐methods data were collected from 287 adult children (mean age = 59 years) nested within 142 families as part of the Within‐Family Differences Study. Analytic approaches were multilevel regression and in‐depth qualitative analyses.ResultsPerceiving oneself as the child to whom one's mother was most emotionally close or with whom she had the most conflict was associated with lower psychological well‐being among adult children who did not report that their mothers had symptoms of CI; however, such perceptions were not associated with well‐being when children perceived that mothers showed symptoms of CI. Qualitative analyses revealed that when children reported that mothers did not have CI, children attributed their greater closeness and conflict to unique characteristics of themselves or their mother–child ties. However, when children perceived that mothers showed symptoms of CI, attributions for mothers' differentiation focused on contextual factors surrounding mothers' cognitive health, and thus did not reflect on the children themselves. Thus, the negative impact of perceptions of mothers' differential treatment on well‐being was muted.ConclusionThis study sheds light on conditions under which perceptions of maternal differential treatment affect adult children's psychological well‐being, and the role of cognitive health in these processes.
High‐Field‐Blinded Assessment of Portable Ultra‐Low‐Field Brain MRI for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Okar Serhat V. , Nair Govind , Kawatra Karan D. , Thommana Ashley A. , Donnay Corinne A. , Gaitán María I. , Stein Joel M. , Reich Daniel S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeMRI is crucial for multiple sclerosis (MS), but the relative value of portable ultra‐low field MRI (pULF‐MRI), a technology that holds promise for extending access to MRI, is unknown. We assessed white matter lesion (WML) detection on pULF‐MRI compared to high‐field MRI (HF‐MRI), focusing on blinded assessments, assessor self‐training, and multiplanar acquisitions.MethodsFifty‐five adults with MS underwent pULF‐MRI following their HF‐MRI. Two neuroradiologists independently assessed pULF‐MRI images in an evaluation process, including initial assessment blinded to HF‐MRI, self‐training with reference to HF‐MRI and evaluation of 20 cases with additional T2‐fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery in an additional plane. A third rater conducted cross‐referenced analysis with HF‐MRI data to determine true‐positive lesions, false‐positive areas, and case‐level sensitivity and positive predictive value.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 50 years (standard deviation: 11; 74% women). Initially, Rater 2 marked more false‐positive areas than Rater 1 (p = 0.003). After self‐training, both raters embraced a conservative approach, with Rater 2 marking fewer false‐positive areas (p = 0.01). Both raters maintained 100% case‐level sensitivity and positive predictive value for detecting at least one WML, particularly in periventricular areas. Multiplanar acquisitions reduced both false‐positive areas and true‐positive lesions. True‐positive lesions and false‐positive areas had similar contrast‐to‐noise ratios in the juxtacortical region (p = 0.73) but not in periventricular, deep parenchymal regions (p = 0.004, p = 0.01).ConclusionWith adequate training, radiological interpretation of pULF‐MRI has high sensitivity and positive predictive value for MS lesions but should be approached conservatively. These results suggest utility for patient triage, potentially reducing diagnostic delay, and screening high‐risk individuals.