bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision nitrogen management in rainfed durum wheat cultivation: exploring synergies and trade-offs via energy analysis, life cycle assessment, and monetization
Authors: Denora Michele , Candido Vincenzo , D’Antonio Paola , Perniola Michele , Mehmeti Andi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFertilization with variable rate technology (VRT) is a pivotal technique of precision agriculture proposed for eco-friendly farming practices. Yet the magnitude of environmental benefits is often not well known or is highly variable. This study used a multi-indicator model and life cycle-based indicators to compare the performance of rain-fed durum wheat production using uniform (UA) and variable N fertilization (VRT). Two functional units were used: 1 ha of cultivated wheat and 1 ton of wheat produced. The energy analysis indicated that VRT increases energy use efficiency and productivity by 13.3%, reduces specific energy and total energy input by 11.7%, and increases net energy gain by 15.3%. The life cycle assessment (LCA) analysis indicated that for some environmental impacts, VRT had minor negative effects due to the comparable yield performance with UA. Yet, the VRT had a noteworthy positive impact on global warming, fine particulate matter formation, stratospheric ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, and marine eutrophication, generating a final environmental benefit of 12.2% for 1 ton of product and 13.3% for 1 ha of land. Economic valuation or monetization of LCA results using monetization weighting factors indicated indirect economic benefits of VRT can be up to 6.6% for 1 ton of product and 7.7% for 1 ha of land. Our findings support the use of nitrogen fertilization with VRT for sustainable extensification and improved eco-efficiency of wheat production in a Mediterranean context. As a result of our research, we conclude that future case studies on annual crops with moderate land requirements should employ multiple metrics and functional units, as well as the concepts of monetization and life cycle assessment, to investigate trade-offs between yield, economic, and environmental benefits and to aid decision-making about the true sustainability of proposed farming technologies.
Graphical abstract
Profiles of subjective well-being among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rzeszutek Marcin , Gruszczyńska Ewa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of our study was to examine subjective well-being (SWB) profiles and their sociodemographic and clinical correlates among people living with HIV (PLWH) during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThe participants were 663 PLWH undergoing antiretroviral treatment. Their SWB was evaluated using the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Sociodemographic and clinical covariates, together with COVID-19 distress, were assessed with a self-report survey.ResultsLatent profile analysis revealed four SWB profiles: average negative, average positive, flourishing and languishing. The languishing profile was the worse in terms of values of SWB components and had a relative overrepresentation of PLWH who were single, without a university degree, and not employed for money. The pandemic-related distress was positively related to being a member of average negative and languishing profiles. Gender and age had no significant effect on either profile membership or directly on the SWB components.ConclusionIt seems that in the context of chronic illness and socially shared stressful circumstances, which was the COVID-19 pandemic, the components of SWB among PLWH developed rather congruent profiles. Sociodemographic, but not clinical characteristics were found to be significant correlates of belonging to obtained SWB profiles in this sample. The most striking effect with this regards was obtained for the members of the languishing profile, defined by the co-occurrence of low positive affect, low satisfaction with life, and high negative affect.
Systems for Non-Reflexive Consequence
Authors: Nicolai Carlo , Rossi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSubstructural logics and their application to logical and semantic paradoxes have been extensively studied. In the paper, we study theories of naïve consequence and truth based on a non-reflexive logic. We start by investigating the semantics and the proof-theory of a system based on schematic rules for object-linguistic consequence. We then develop a fully compositional theory of truth and consequence in our non-reflexive framework.
Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci isolated from bovine milk in Italian dairy farms: a retrospective investigation
Authors: Addis Maria Filippa , Locatelli Clara , Penati Martina , Poli Sara Fusar , Monistero Valentina , Zingale Lucia , Rota Nicola , Gusmara Claudia , Piccinini Renata , Moroni Paolo , Bronzo Valerio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNon-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) are associated with bovine mastitis and increased milk somatic cell count (SCC) but their relationships with mammary gland health at the species level are not clearly defined. Regional differences have also been reported in their specific prevalence. The implementation of MALDI-TOF MS in milk microbiology is generating large and dependable datasets with the potential of providing useful epidemiological information. We present the retrospective analysis of 17,213 milk samples sent to our laboratory in 2021–2022, including 13,146 quarter samples from cows with subclinical (SCM) or clinical mastitis (CM) from 104 farms, and 4,067 composite herd survey (HS) samples from 21 farms. NASM were isolated from 21.12% of SCM, 11.49% of CM, and 15.59% of HS milk samples. The three most frequently identified NASM in SCM milk were Staphylococcus chromogenes (33.33%), S. haemolyticus (26.07%), and S. epidermidis (10.65%); together with S. microti and S. hyicus, these species were significantly more prevalent in quarters with SCM (p < 0.05). The three most frequently identified NASM in CM milk were S. chromogenes (31.69%), S. haemolyticus (21.42%), and Mammaliicoccus sciuri (18.38%), although no significant associations were found between these NASM species and CM. The three most frequently identified NASM in HS milk were S. chromogenes (44.49%), S. epidermidis (17.84%), and S. haemolyticus (17.23%), with S. chromogenes being isolated in all the farms sending HS milk (100%). In conclusion, this retrospective study provides the first information on the NASM species isolated from cow milk in Italy, expanding our knowledge on the epidemiology of NASM at the species level and providing further insights into their relationships with mammary gland health in modern dairy farms.
Drought risk probabilistic models based on extreme value theory
Authors: Piwowar Arkadiusz , Kuźmiński Łukasz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe article presents original, probabilistic models for the quantification of drought risk, based on generalized distribution functions for the distribution of maximum values as well as the standardized precipitation index. Using the models, a probabilistic measurement of drought risk has been made for three regions over four 5-year periods for each region. Three measurement points located in Poland were selected as a case study. The study provides an innovative approach in the field of probabilistic models of quantification; moreover, drought risk levels have been calculated for the selected locations. Furthermore, the method may be used for creating indexes for any climatic region subject to study.
Genomic and Phenotypic Biomarkers for Precision Medicine Guidance in Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Davoudi Fatemeh , Moradi Afshin , Becker Therese M. , Lock John G. , Abbey Brian , Fontanarosa Davide , Haworth Annette , Clements Judith , Ecker Rupert C. , Batra Jyotsna 
Published: August 2023

Opinion statementProstate cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed malignant neoplasm and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Despite significant advances in screening and treatment of PCa, given the heterogeneity of this disease, optimal personalized therapeutic strategies remain limited. However, emerging predictive and prognostic biomarkers based on individual patient profiles in combination with computer-assisted diagnostics have the potential to guide precision medicine, where patients may benefit from therapeutic approaches optimally suited to their disease. Also, the integration of genotypic and phenotypic diagnostic methods is supporting better informed treatment decisions. Focusing on advanced PCa, this review discusses polygenic risk scores for screening of PCa and common genomic aberrations in androgen receptor (AR), PTEN-PI3K-AKT, and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, considering clinical implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment prediction. Furthermore, we evaluate liquid biopsy, protein biomarkers such as serum testosterone levels, SLFN11 expression, total alkaline phosphatase (tALP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), tissue biopsy, and advanced imaging tools, summarizing current phenotypic biomarkers and envisaging more effective utilization of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in advanced PCa. We conclude that prognostic and treatment predictive biomarker discovery can improve the management of patients, especially in metastatic stages of advanced PCa. This will result in decreased mortality and enhanced quality of life and help design a personalized treatment regimen.
Management of Mechanical Nasal Obstruction Isolated or Associated to Upper Airway Inflammatory Diseases in Real Life: Use of both Subjective and Objective Criteria
Authors: Merma-Linares Carla , Martinez M. Dolores , Gonzalez Miriam , Alobid Isam , Figuerola Enric , Mullol Joaquim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Mechanical nasal obstruction (MNO) is a prevalent condition with a high impact on patient’s quality-of-life (QoL) and socio-economic burden. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of both subjective and objective criteria in the appropriate management of MNO, either alone or associated to upper airway inflammatory diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR) or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).

Recent Findings
A long debate persists about the usefulness of subjective and objective methods for making decisions on the management of patients with nasal obstruction. Establishing standards and ranges of symptom scales and questionnaires is essential to measure the success of an intervention and its impact on QoL. To our knowledge this is the first real-life study to describe the management of MNO using both subjective and objective criteria in MNO isolated or associated to upper airway inflammatory diseases (AR or CRSwNP).

Summary
Medical treatment (intranasal corticosteroids) has a minor but significant improvement in MNO subjective outcomes (NO, NOSE, and CQ7) with no changes in loss of smell and objective outcomes. After surgery, all MNO patients reported a significant improvement in both subjective and objective outcomes, this improvement being higher in CRSwNP. We concluded that in daily clinical practice, the therapeutic recommendation for MNO should be based on both subjective and objective outcomes, nasal corrective surgery being the treatment of choice in MNO, either isolated or associated to upper airway inflammatory diseases, AR or CRSwNP.
Sex Differences in Long-term Outcome of Prenatal Exposure to Excess Glucocorticoids—Implications for Development of Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Elberling Frederik , Spulber Stefan , Bose Raj , Keung Hoi Yee , Ahola Virpi , Zheng Zongli , Ceccatelli Sandra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExposure to prenatal insults, such as excess glucocorticoids (GC), may lead to pathological outcomes, including neuropsychiatric disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term effects of in utero exposure to the synthetic GC analog dexamethasone (Dex) in adult female offspring. We monitored spontaneous activity in the home cage under a constant 12 h/12 h light/dark cycle, as well as the changes following a 6-h advance of dark onset (phase shift). For comparison, we re-analysed data previously recorded in males. Dex-exposed females were spontaneously more active, and the activity onset re-entrained slower than in controls. In contrast, Dex-exposed males were less active, and the activity onset re-entrained faster than in controls. Following the phase shift, control females displayed a transient reorganisation of behaviour in light and virtually no change in dark, while Dex-exposed females showed limited variations from baseline in both light and dark, suggesting weaker photic entrainment. Next, we ran bulk RNA-sequencing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of Dex and control females. SPIA pathway analysis of ~ 2300 differentially expressed genes identified significantly downregulated dopamine signalling, and upregulated glutamate and GABA signalling. We selected a set of candidate genes matching the behaviour alterations and found consistent differential regulation for ~ 73% of tested genes in SCN and hippocampus tissue samples. Taken together, our data highlight sex differences in the outcome of prenatal exposure to excess GC in adult mice: in contrast to depression-like behaviour in males, the phenotype in females, defined by behaviour and differential gene expression, is consistent with ADHD models.
Two Concepts of Truthmaking: a Compatibilist Solution to the Controversy Between Substantive and Deflationary Approach
Authors: Mzyk Błażej 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor many years there has been a debate in truthmaking theory between proponents of the substantive and deflationary approaches. Substantivists about truthmaking maintain that we need entities called truthmakers, while deflationists of truthmaking argue that the asymmetric form of the T-schema is sufficient. In contrast to incompatibilists, who argue that one should adopt only one of these approaches, I propose a compatibilist theory of truthmaking in which the two approaches complement each other through the distribution of different functions of truthmaking. I find that this helps to solve the problem of truthmaking of certain contentious truths, such as negative truths.
The development of social science motivation across the transition to high school education
Authors: Sáinz Milagros , Upadyaya Katja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present four-wave longitudinal study examines the cross-lagged associations between adolescent students’ intrinsic value, self-concept of ability, and expectations in social sciences during and after the transition from compulsory secondary education to the Spanish high school. 2.032 students enrolled in the last three years of secondary school and the second year of high school education participated. The analyses showed that the associations between the different motivational dimensions declined during the transition to high school education. In addition, students’ self-concept of ability strongly predicted the other two aspects of motivation. Moreover, males and students from higher SES backgrounds and with high academic performance at the beginning of the study experienced higher intrinsic value, self-concept, and expectations in social sciences than females and students from lower SES families and with a lower level of performance. The results are discussed from the viewpoint of their theoretical and practical implications related to youth motivation and career planning.
Gender based adolescent self-compassion profiles and the mediating role of nonattachment on psychological well-being
Authors: Li William , Beath Alissa , Ciarrochi Joseph , Fraser Madeleine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEmerging research has shown that boys and girls may relate to compassionate and uncompassionate components of self-compassion differently and have distinct gender based self-compassion profiles. This study extended upon recent research by investigating gender based adolescent self-compassion profiles and their relationship with psychological well-being and the role of nonattachment in the link between self-compassion and well-being. A large cross-sectional sample of Australian Year 10 high school students (N = 1,944, Mage = 15.65 years, SDage = 0.43; 50% girls) completed measures of self-compassion, nonattachment, and well-being. Latent profile analysis identified distinct self-compassion profiles based on gender. Four profiles labelled ‘Low Self-Relating’, ‘Moderate Self-Relating’, ‘Compassionate’, and ‘Uncompassionate’ emerged for girls. Three profiles emerged for boys labelled ‘Low Self-Relating’, ‘Moderate Self-Relating, and ‘Compassionate’. ‘Low’ and ‘Moderate Self-Relating’ profiles involved low and moderate levels of both compassionate and uncompassionate self-relating. ‘Compassionate’ profiles involved high levels of compassionate and low levels of uncompassionate self-relating, and ‘Uncompassionate’ profiles involved the opposite. For both genders, ‘Compassionate’ profiles were associated with the highest psychological well-being and nonattachment and ‘Uncompassionate’ profiles with the lowest of both. ‘Low’ and ‘Moderate Self-Relating’ profiles showed no difference in psychological well-being or nonattachment. Mediation analysis indicated that nonattachment partially mediated the relationship between self-compassion profile and psychological well-being. These findings support recent research that illustrates adolescents relate to the components of self-compassion differently both between and within genders. It also highlights the crucial role nonattachment plays in the relationship between self-compassion and psychological well-being in adolescents.
Revisiting hydro-ecological impacts of climate change on a restored floodplain wetland via hydrological / hydraulic modelling and the UK Climate Projections 2018 scenarios
Authors: Thompson Julian R. , Clilverd Hannah M. , Zheng Jiaxuan , Iravani Honeyeh , Sayer Carl D. , Heppell Catherine M. , Axmacher Jan C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe hydro-ecological impacts of 40 UK Climate Projections 2018 scenarios on a restored lowland England river floodplain are assessed using a MIKE SHE / MIKE 11 model. Annual precipitation declines for 60% of scenarios (range: -26%–21%, with small, <5%, declines for the central probability level). Potential evapotranspiration increases for all probability levels except the most extreme, very unlikely, 10% level (range: -4%–43%, central probability 9%–20%) Mean, peak and low river discharges are reduced for all but the extreme 90% probability level. Reduced frequency of bankfull discharge dominates (at least halved for the central probability level). Floodplain inundation declines for over 97% of 320 scenario-events. Winter water table levels still intercept the surface, while mean and summer low levels are reduced. Declines in mean summer floodplain water table levels for the central probability level (0.22 m and 0.28 m for the 2050s and 2080s, respectively) are twice as large as those in the more dynamic riparian area. Declines reach 0.39 m for some 10% probability level scenarios. Simulated hydrological changes differ subtly from a previous assessment using earlier UK climate projections. A soil aeration stress index demonstrates that, under baseline conditions, prolonged high winter floodplain water tables drive long periods of low root-zone oxygen, in turn favouring vegetation communities adapted to waterlogged conditions. Climate change reduces aeration stress and the extent of appropriate conditions for these plant communities in favour of communities less tolerant of wet conditions.
Modelling the regional potential for reaching carbon neutrality in Finland: Sustainable forestry, energy use and biodiversity protection
Authors: Forsius Martin , Holmberg Maria , Junttila Virpi , Kujala Heini , Schulz Torsti , Paunu Ville-Veikko , Savolahti Mikko , Minunno Francesco , Akujärvi Anu , Bäck Jaana , Grönroos Juha , Heikkinen Risto K. , Karvosenoja Niko , Mäkelä Annikki , Mikkonen Ninni , Pekkonen Minna , Rankinen Katri , Virkkala Raimo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe EU aims at reaching carbon neutrality by 2050 and Finland by 2035. We integrated results of three spatially distributed model systems (FRES, PREBAS, Zonation) to evaluate the potential to reach this goal at both national and regional scale in Finland, by simultaneously considering protection targets of the EU biodiversity (BD) strategy. Modelling of both anthropogenic emissions and forestry measures were carried out, and forested areas important for BD protection were identified based on spatial prioritization. We used scenarios until 2050 based on mitigation measures of the national climate and energy strategy, forestry policies and predicted climate change, and evaluated how implementation of these scenarios would affect greenhouse gas fluxes, carbon storages, and the possibility to reach the carbon neutrality target. Potential new forested areas for BD protection according to the EU 10% protection target provided a significant carbon storage (426–452 TgC) and sequestration potential (− 12 to − 17.5 TgCO2eq a−1) by 2050, indicating complementarity of emission mitigation and conservation measures. The results of the study can be utilized for integrating climate and BD policies, accounting of ecosystem services for climate regulation, and delimitation of areas for conservation.
An Intelligent Support System to Help Teachers Plan Field Trips
Authors: Mauro Noemi , Ardissono Liliana , Cena Federica , Scarpinati Livio , Torta Gianluca 
Published: August 2023

AbstractField trips enrich learning programs with out-of-school activities that can bring gains in students’ academic content knowledge and personal growth. However, they are a source of anxiety for teachers because of the bureaucracy, pedagogy, etc., risks they imply. To address this issue, we propose FieldTripOrganizer, a field trip planner based on the mixed-initiative approach aimed at increasing teachers’ autonomy and motivation in designing educational tours. The key aspects of our application are (i) the simultaneous provision of information filtering and automated scheduling support while the user designs the field trip, and (ii) the visual annotation of places and activities to show whether they can be included in the itinerary without violating its time constraints. Different from current tour planners, these functions enable the user to be in full control of the design process, delegating the system to manage difficult and burdensome tasks such as consistency checks and itinerary optimization. We evaluated FieldTripOrganizer in the use case of organizing a science field trip. In a preliminary user study involving 18 science teachers, our application turned up to be superior to a baseline tour planner in both usability and user experience. Moreover, the teachers declared that it was helpful, motivated them, and reduced their anxiety during the design of the field trips.
Cooperation and confusion in public goods games: confusion cannot explain contribution patterns
Authors: Granulo Armin , Kerschreiter Rudolf , Kocher Martin G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPeople behave much more cooperatively than predicted by the self-interest hypothesis in social dilemmas such as public goods games. Some studies have suggested that many decision makers cooperate not because of genuine cooperative preferences but because they are confused about the incentive structure of the game—and therefore might not be aware of the dominant strategy. In this research, we experimentally manipulate whether decision makers receive explicit information about which strategies maximize individual income and group income or not. Our data reveal no statistically significant effects of the treatment variation, neither on elicited contribution preferences nor on unconditional contributions and beliefs in a repeated linear public goods game. We conclude that it is unlikely that confusion about optimal strategies explains the widely observed cooperation patterns in social dilemmas such as public goods games.