bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Game of algorithms: ChatGPT implications for the future of tourism education and research
Authors: Ivanov Stanislav , Soliman Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe paper aims to evaluate the ways ChatGPT is going to disrupt tourism education and research.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper.FindingsChatGPT has the potential to revolutionize tourism education and research because it can do what students and researchers should do, namely, generate text (assignments and research papers). Universities will need to reevaluate their teaching and assessment strategies and incorporate generative language models in teaching. Publishers will need to be more receptive toward manuscripts that are partially generated by artificial intelligence. In the future, digital teachers and research assistants will take over many of the cognitive tasks of tourism educators and researchers.Originality/valueTo the authors’ best knowledge, this is one of the first academic papers that investigates the implications of ChatGPT to tourism education and research.
Exploring EFL female teachers' and undergraduate students' perceptions regarding written corrective feedback
Authors: Alhumaid Anwar 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the perceptions of teachers’ and undergraduate students concerning the provision of written corrective feedback (WCF) in Saudi EFL writing classrooms in the form of a case study.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of three teachers and five students, whose views on WCF were recorded via individual semi-structured interviews to gather qualitative data.FindingsThe results revealed some divergent viewpoints between students and teachers and among peers in both groups.Originality/valueBy offering the best WCF practice and considering students' interests, this research is important for improving the pedagogical approaches used by EFL instructors for teaching writing to university learners. It will, therefore, have more of an impact on EFL writing instruction.
Shifting ground or moving furniture around: Youth participatory action research in Kakuma Refugee Camp
Authors: Bellino Michelle J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis reflection is drawn from a youth participatory action research (YPAR) collaboration set in Kakuma Refugee Camp in Kenya. It explores the ways youth co‐researchers employed YPAR tools to both critique and uphold their limited educational opportunity structure. It also questions the limits of transformative methodologies that embolden young people to critique the structures that govern their lives, especially for stateless peoples whose survival depends on continued access to those same structures.
Stage IA melanoma follow‐up: Exploring the level of confidence of South Australian general practitioners in undertaking surveillance skin checks including considerations for shared care
Authors: Mathew Thomas , Ianno Damian J. , Sidhu Shireen K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe literature highlights the role of Australian general practitioners (GP) in the management of skin cancers. With melanoma incidences on the rise, there have been discussions into whether lower‐risk stage IA patients could safely be followed up by their GPs for annual surveillance full skin examinations (FSE). This study explores the level of confidence of South Australian (SA) GPs in undertaking FSEs including factors that could support discussions around shared care between GPs and dermatology units for lower‐risk patients.MethodsAn online survey was designed and distributed to SA GPs via email, newsletters and social media between 5 December 2021 and 30 January 2022. Descriptive statistics were used to describe survey responses. Pearson's Chi‐squared analysis was used to investigate associations between key variables of interest and explanatory variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to model odds ratios for associations between the dependent variable and independent variables.ResultsA total of 135 responses were obtained. Forty‐four per cent of GPs were comfortable undertaking annual FSEs, 41% were uncomfortable and 15% were unsure. Scope of work, >20 years experience and additional training had statistically significant relationships (p < 0.05). Dermoscopy and detecting melanoma recurrences were reported to be skills with lower levels of confidence. With regards to shared care, 77% indicated that they would feel supported undertaking FSEs if rapid access referral pathways were allocated for patients who developed suspicious lesions. Preferred upskilling modalities included, face‐to‐face sessions in a dermatology unit (39%), dermatologist run webinars (25%) and certificate courses (20%).ConclusionsAt present, there is a subset of SA GPs who are comfortable undertaking FSEs and therefore could be engaged in shared care with specialists. Further considerations have to be made in the areas of upskilling and supporting the workforce to enhance engagement in shared care.
Inconsistencies of absolute drug–drug contraindication reports: Analysis of Summaries of Product Characteristics of commonly prescribed drugs
Authors: Weisbach Laura , Schuster Anna K. , Hartmann Michael , Dürr Pauline , Then Melanie I. , Andrikyan Wahram , Fromm Martin F. , Maas Renke , Farker Katrin 
Published: April 2023

AimsPrescribing information should follow a defined structure to help prescribers easily find required information. Often information appears in different sections of Summaries of Product Characteristics (SmPCs) in an inconsistent way. Still unknown is how this inconsistency affects absolute contraindications and how it can be improved. Thisstudy aimed to evaluate the structure of absolute contraindications in SmPCs based on absolute drug–drug contraindications (DDCI) in the section ‘contraindications’ and references to sections ‘special warnings and precautions for use’ (here as ‘warnings’) and ‘interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction’ (here as ‘interactions’).MethodsSmPCs of 693 commonly prescribed drugs were analysed regarding absolute DDCI in ‘contraindications’ sections. References to sections on ‘warnings’ and ‘interactions’ were evaluated to characterize information provided about DDCI.ResultsOf 693 analysed SmPCs, 138 (19.9%) contained ≥1 absolute DDCI. Of 178 SmPCs that referred to sections on ‘warnings’ or ‘interactions’, 131 (73.6%) did not contain further information on absolute DDCI, whereas 47 (26.4%) did. Such additional information was found in sections on ‘interactions’ and ‘warnings’ in 41 (87.2%) and 9 (19.1%) SmPCs, respectively.ConclusionsInformation regarding absolute DDCI was found not only in sections on ‘contraindications’ but also in sections on ‘warnings’ and ‘interactions’. Information was not given with consistently straightforward phrasing and structure and so can leave uncertainty for prescribers. To improve drug safety, clear definitions and wording for absolute and relative contraindications should be provided, ideally in tables.
The adhesion G protein‐coupled receptor VLGR1/ADGRV1 controls autophagy
Authors: Linnert Joshua , Güler Baran E. , Krzysko Jacek , Wolfrum Uwe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVLGR1/ADGRV1 (very large G protein‐coupled receptor‐1) is the largest known adhesion G protein‐coupled receptor. Mutations in VLGR1/ADGRV1 cause Usher syndrome (USH), the most common form of hereditary deaf‐blindness, and have been additionally linked to epilepsy. Although VLGR1/ADGRV1 is almost ubiquitously expressed, little is known about the subcellular function and signalling of the VLGR1 protein and thus about mechanisms underlying the development of diseases. Using affinity proteomics, we identified key components of autophagosomes as putative interacting proteins of VLGR1. In addition, whole transcriptome sequencing of the retinae of the Vlgr1/del7TM mouse model revealed altered expression profiles of gene‐related autophagy. Monitoring autophagy by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry of the LC3 and p62 as autophagy marker proteins revealed evoked autophagy in VLGR1‐deficient hTERT‐RPE1 cells and USH2C patient‐derived fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate the molecular and functional interaction of VLGR1 with key components of the autophagy process and point to an essential role of VLGR1 in the regulation of autophagy at internal membranes. The close association of VLGR1 with autophagy helps to explain the pathomechanisms underlying human USH and epilepsy related to VLGR1 defects.
Classification of Alzheimer's disease based on hippocampal multivariate morphometry statistics
Authors: Zheng Weimin , Liu Honghong , Li Zhigang , Li Kuncheng , Wang Yalin , Hu Bin , Dong Qunxi , Wang Zhiqun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with a high risk of developing AD. Hippocampal morphometry analysis is believed to be the most robust magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers for AD and MCI. Multivariate morphometry statistics (MMS), a quantitative method of surface deformations analysis, is confirmed to have strong statistical power for evaluating hippocampus.AimsWe aimed to test whether surface deformation features in hippocampus can be employed for early classification of AD, MCI, and healthy controls (HC).MethodsWe first explored the differences in hippocampus surface deformation among these three groups by using MMS analysis. Additionally, the hippocampal MMS features of selective patches and support vector machine (SVM) were used for the binary classification and triple classification.ResultsBy the results, we identified significant hippocampal deformation among the three groups, especially in hippocampal CA1. In addition, the binary classification of AD/HC, MCI/HC, AD/MCI showed good performances, and area under curve (AUC) of triple‐classification model achieved 0.85. Finally, positive correlations were found between the hippocampus MMS features and cognitive performances.ConclusionsThe study revealed significant hippocampal deformation among AD, MCI, and HC. Additionally, we confirmed that hippocampal MMS can be used as a sensitive imaging biomarker for the early diagnosis of AD at the individual level.
Topic sensitivity still affects honest responding, even when specialized questioning techniques are used
Authors: Ibbett Harriet , Dorward Leejiah J. , Kohi Edward M. , Jones Julia P. G. , Sankeni Stephen , Kaduma Joseph , Mchomvu Jesca , Mawenya Rose , St. John Freya A. V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo develop more effective interventions, conservationists require robust information about the proportion of people who break conservation rules (such as those relating to protected species, or protected area legislation). Developed to obtain more accurate estimates of sensitive behaviors, including rule‐breaking, specialized questioning techniques such as Randomized Response Techniques (RRTs) are increasingly applied in conservation, but with mixed evidence of their effectiveness. We use a forced‐response RRT to estimate the prevalence of five rule‐breaking behaviors in communities living around the Ruaha–Rungwa ecosystem in Tanzania. Prevalence estimates obtained for all behaviors were negative or did not differ significantly from zero, suggesting the RRT did not work as expected and that respondents felt inadequately protected. To investigate, we carried out a second study to explore how topic sensitivity influenced respondents' propensity to follow RRT instructions. Results from this experimental study revealed respondents understood instructions well (~88% of responses were correct) but that propensity to follow RRT instructions was significantly influenced by the behavior asked about, and the type of answer they were required to provide. Our two studies highlight that even if RRTs are well understood by respondents, where topics are sensitive and respondents are wary of researchers, their use does not necessarily encourage more honest responding.
The flood that caused a drought
Authors: Nikolsko‐Rzhevskyy Alex , Talavera Oleksandr , Vu Nam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo determine how an exogenous supply shock affects product availability, prices, and price‐setting behavior, we analyzed a unique dataset representing a natural experiment concerning the 2011 flood in Thailand, which affected the production facilities of Western Digital, the world's largest producer of hard drives. The natural disaster impacted the overseas inventory of hard drives in the United States, where availability declined by more than 40% and price indexes increased by as much as 38%. However, our findings suggest that such supply shocks, when transmitted to either substitute or complementary products, are likely to be absorbed within production networks.
Interfacial diffusion‐limited vapor‐liquid‐solid mechanism for the growth of tadpole‐shaped boron nitride nanostructures
Authors: Wang Heng , Zhang Fan , Zhu Tianbin , Wang Qinghu , Liang Xiong , Sang Shaobai , Li Yawei , Fu Zhengyi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHere, tadpole‐shaped boron nitride (BN) nanostructures, with a length of ∼10 µm and a diameter ranging from 0.05 µm (tail) to 1.0 µm (head), were prepared by a facile two‐step process, involving the synthesis of a cobalt carbonate‐boron precursor, and its annealing using chemical vapor deposition in an ammonia atmosphere. Based on phase composition changes and microstructural evolution during annealing, and thermodynamic analysis, an interfacial diffusion‐limited vapor‐liquid‐solid mechanism was proposed for the growth of the tadpole‐shaped BN nanostructures. An understanding of the growth mechanism of the nano‐tadpoles supplements the knowledge base of the BN nanostructure family and provides a new opportunity for the synthesis of analogous inorganic nanomaterials.
A systematic review and narrative synthesis of inclusive health and social care research with people with intellectual disabilities: How are co‐researchers involved and what are their experiences?
Authors: Hewitt Olivia , Langdon Peter E. , Tapp Katherine , Larkin Michael 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundUsing inclusive research methods with people with intellectual disabilities is increasingly common. A recent consensus statement identified key elements when conducting and reporting inclusive research with people with intellectual disabilities. This review identifies the range of health and social care research topics using inclusive research methodologies, systematically appraises the involvement of researchers with intellectual disabilities, and identifies facilitators and barriers to inclusive research. Researchers' experiences of engaging with inclusive research are synthesised.MethodSeventeen empirical studies focused upon inclusive health and social care research were identified. The associated inclusive research methodologies employed, and the stages in which researchers with intellectual disabilities were involved, along with the experiences of researchers with and without intellectual disabilities were synthesised.ResultsPapers focused on a broad range of health and social care topics and largely employed qualitative or mixed‐methods designs. Researchers with intellectual disabilities were frequently involved with data collection, analysis and dissemination. Facilitators of inclusive research comprised sharing power, team working, having sufficient resources and making research methodologies accessible.ConclusionsResearchers with intellectual disabilities are involved in a wide range of methodologies and research tasks. How the added value of inclusive research is measured and its impact on outcomes, require consideration.
Frailty predicts mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleed: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Guliyara Mohammed Affan , Ermerak Goktug , Levy Miriam , Koo Jenn Hian , Bassan Milan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimEvidence on the impact of frailty in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleed (UGIB) is limited. This study aims to define the role of frailty as defined by Canadian Study of Health and Aging clinical frailty scale (CSHA‐CFS) in predicting mortality in UGIB.MethodsA prospective single‐center cohort study was conducted over 21 months on all consecutive patients with UGIB. Data on demographics, lab parameters, Glasgow Blatchford score, CSHA‐CFS, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and AIMS65 score was recorded. The primary outcome was all‐cause inpatient mortality. The secondary outcomes were all‐cause 30‐day mortality, 30‐day rebleeding, 30‐day readmission, hospital length of stay (LoS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need for repeat endoscopy, and need for blood transfusion. The data were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsThere were 298 eligible patients, of which 63% were males, median age was 68 years, 44% were from non‐English‐speaking background, and 72% had major comorbidities. The all‐cause inpatient and 30‐day mortality were 9.4% and 10.7%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, CHSA‐CFS was the independent predictor of all‐cause inpatient mortality (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.13–2.143; P = 0.010) and all‐cause 30‐day mortality (OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.26–2.67; P = 0.002). CHSA‐CFS was not a significant predictor of 30‐day rebleed, 30‐day readmission, ICU admission, hospital LoS, or need for blood transfusion.ConclusionFrailty is an important independent predictor of mortality in patients with UGIB. Frailty assessment can guide clinical decision making and allow targeting of health‐care resource (Australia/New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry number: ACTRN12622000821796).
Floating to intensive care units: Nurses' messages for instant action to promote patient safety
Authors: Ahmed Fatma Refaat , Timmins Fionna , Dias Jacqueline Maria , Al‐Yateem Nabeel , Gamil Rawia , Subu Muhammad Arsyad , Mustafa Heba , AbuRuz Mohannad Eid 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe overwhelming number of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) combined with a nursing staff deficit sometimes requires the redeployment of nurses from other areas, meaning non‐critical care nurses are asked to assist in treating critically ill patients. This may affect patient safety, especially in poorly resourced ICUs with financial constraints, such as in some developing countries. Nurses and nurse managers need specific strategies to address this issue and ensure patient safety.AimTo explore ICU and floating nurses' perspectives of the floating experience and describe how the use of floating nurses could threaten the safety of patients in Egyptian ICUs.Study DesignThis was a qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected in in‐depth interviews and analysed using Colaizzi's method of analysis. Forty‐seven interviews were conducted, 22 with ICU nurses/managers and 25 with floating nurses.ResultsTwo main themes were extracted: (1) Lived work experience of floating and ICU nurses during the floating period which included three subthemes: Being a floating nurse: living a double experience of a professional role, Being an ICU nurse: feeling overloaded, and small failures leading to bigger, more serious issuses; and (2) Messages for patient safety from floating and ICU nurses' perspectives which also comprised three subthemes: education and training, putting the patient in the safety zone, and poilcy reform.ConclusionsPromising strategies for ICUs to ensure patient safety when transferring nurses from other units include providing ongoing education and appropriate training for floating nurses to put patients in the safety zone.Relevance to Clinical PracticeOur findings provide a foundation for nursing practitioners, managers, and policymakers to prevent medical errors and optimize nursing workforce allocation. Nursing managers should consider floating nurses' competence levels when assigning ICU patients. Moreover, teamwork and communication between ICU nurses/managers and floating nurses should be strengthened. Close supervision and use of technology to minimize medical errors are potential strategies to ensure patient safety when using floating nurses.
Epigenetic inheritance in adaptive evolution
Authors: Sabarís Gonzalo , Fitz‐James Maximilian H. , Cavalli Giacomo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSince the Modern Synthesis, our ideas of evolution have mostly centered on the information encoded in the DNA molecule and their mechanisms of heredity. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that epigenetic mechanisms have the potential to perpetuate gene activity states in the context of the same DNA sequence. Here, we discuss recent compelling evidence showing that epigenetic signals triggered by environmental stress can persist over very long timeframes, contributing to phenotypic changes in relevant traits upon which selection could act. We argue that epigenetic inheritance plays an important role in fast phenotypic adaptation to fluctuating environments, ensuring the survival of the organisms of a population under environmental stress in the short term while maintaining a “bet‐hedging” strategy of reverting to the original state if the environment returns to standard conditions. These examples call for a reevaluation of the role of nongenetic information in adaptive evolution, raising questions about its broader relevance in nature.
Labor and Sustainability: The Role of Farm Labor Practices in Shaping Antibiotic Use☆
Authors: Ranaware Krushna , Schewe Rebecca 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, we examine the role that human labor practices and attitudes play in mastitis infections on US dairy farms. Mastitis infection is a key barrier to sustainability in dairy production, contributing to financial losses, animal welfare concerns, and perhaps most importantly imprudent antibiotic use. We combine data from five sources on herd characteristics, owner/manager attitudes and behaviors, and labor management to empirically analyze the connections between labor practices and mastitis infection. We examine 72 conventional dairy farms in Pennsylvania, Florida, and Michigan using survey responses from both employees and owners/managers. We find that several labor practices and attitudes like communication, training, manager attitudes, and work intensity have important and meaningful associations with mastitis infection on dairy farms, in addition to conventional veterinary management practices. We also find that key labor practices are not associated with infection rates once we control for other factors. Our findings demonstrate the ways in which aspects of sustainability are intertwined on farms, particularly labor practices.