bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated Levels of the Cytokine LIGHT in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Cardinale Christopher J , Abrams Debra J , Mentch Frank D , Cardinale John A , Wang Xiang , Kao Charlly , Sleiman Patrick M A , Hakonarson Hakon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
LIGHT (homologous to lymphotoxins, exhibits inducible expression, and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for herpes virus entry mediator, a receptor expressed by T lymphocytes), encoded by the TNFSF14 gene, is a cytokine belonging to the TNF superfamily. On binding to its receptors, herpes virus entry mediator and lymphotoxin β receptor, it activates inflammatory responses. We conducted this study to determine whether plasma LIGHT levels are elevated in Crohn’s disease (CD) in a pediatric population with the aim of nominating this cytokine as a therapeutic target. We used a single-molecule immunoassay to determine the circulating levels of free LIGHT in plasma from pediatric patients with CD in our biobank (n = 183), a panel of healthy pediatric (n = 9) or adult (n = 22) reference samples, and pediatric biobank controls (n = 19). We performed correlational analyses between LIGHT levels and the clinical characteristics of the CD cohort, including age, Montreal classification, family history, medical/surgical therapy, and routine blood test parameters. LIGHT levels were greatly elevated in CD, with an average of 305 versus 32.4 pg/ml for controls from the biobank (p &lt; 0.0001). The outside reference samples showed levels of 57 pg/ml in pediatric controls and 55 pg/ml in adults (p &lt; 0.0001). We found a statistically significant correlation between white blood cell count and free LIGHT (p &lt; 0.046). We conclude that free, soluble LIGHT is increased 5- to 10-fold in pediatric CD across an array of disease subtypes and characteristics.
Diabetic Neuropathy, a Cause of Pulmonary Dysfunction in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gautam Piyush , Faraz Ahmad , Ashraf Hamid , Singhal Sangeeta 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is most commonly associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). About 66% of diabetic patients have either clinical or subclinical neuropathy.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty patients were enrolled in our study, 60 patients are of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with neuropathy (DPN), and 60 were of T2DM without neuropathy. They were assessed for neuropathy. Serum fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and duration of disease were obtained from the patients. Forced expiratory volume at the 1st s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity were recorded and % FEV1 was calculated.

Results:
The mean age of T2DM with neuropathy was 49.17 ± 7.1 and in patients of T2DM without neuropathy was 46.63 ± 8.028. The mean value of % FEV1 in T2DM with neuropathy is 95.45 ± 7.16, while in T2DM without neuropathy, it is 83.53 ± 6.22, and the difference was statistically significant. Linear correlation of % FEV1 with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (r = 0.474, P = 0.008) and HbA1C (r = 0.588, P = 0.001) shows a statistically significant association in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The standardized β weights of FPG, postprandial plasma glucose, and HbA1C show significant values in patients of DPN.

Conclusion:
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is associated with decreased pulmonary function as compared to patients of diabetes without neuropathy, the glycemic status of patients may also adversely affect % FEV1. Thus, proper control of hyperglycemia will decrease the further progression of the disease. We also suggest performing pulmonary function test in patients of diabetes mellitus with DN in the preoperative period so as to optimize the perioperative care.
Comparison of Vitamin D Status between Resident and Nonresident Bangladeshis with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Alam Muhammad Shah , Kalam Syeda Tanzina , Saha Rahul , Kamrul-Hasan A. B. M. 
Published: January 2023

Background and Objectives:
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is highly prevalent in both healthy population and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Bangladesh. Data on Vitamin D status in nonresident Bangladeshi (NRB) individuals with T2DM are scarce. We conducted this study to compare the Vitamin D status between resident and NRBs.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study evaluated 234 patients with T2DM (109 resident Bangladeshis [RBs] and 125 NRBs) attending a specialized diabetes hospital in Cumilla city, Bangladesh, from July 2021 to February 2022. Serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL defined VDD.

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 42.5 ± 9.4 years; the frequencies of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c ≥7%) were 79.1%, 45.7%, 93.6%, and 88.9%, respectively. The Middle East countries were the residing countries of most (92.8%) of the NRBs. Higher frequencies of smokers and dyslipidemia were observed among RBs. The body mass index and HbA1c were higher, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower among NRBs than RBs. In the study participants, the mean 25(OH)D level was 25.7 ± 10.2 ng/mL; 30.3%, 38.5%, and 31.2% of the study participants were sufficient, insufficient, and deficient in Vitamin D, respectively. RBs and NRBs had similar 25(OH)D levels (25.7 ± 11.9 vs. 25.8 ± 8.5 ng/mL, P = 0.948) and VDD status (36.7% vs. 26.4%, P = 0.124).

Conclusion:
Low Vitamin D is highly prevalent in both RBs and NRBs with T2DM though they have similar Vitamin D levels and comparable rates of VDD. Further studies are needed to determine the factors that influence Vitamin D status in our people.
Mesh infection of Mycobacterium fortuitum after inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Chen Lu , Huang Gengwen 
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE:
Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations worldwide. The standard procedure now is tension-free hernioplasty with mesh implantation. Mesh repairs obviously reduce the rate of hernia recurrence and alleviate the pain. However, mesh infection is one of the most serious complications, which usually causes secondary operation. At present, no standard treatment measures of mesh infections, especially for rare pathogens such as nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), are available.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We present an unusual case of Mycobacterium fortuitum infection of implanted mesh after inguinal hernia repair. Medline and PubMed databases were searched using the keywords mentioned subsequently, and the literature on treatment measures of mesh infection of M. fortuitum and other subtypes of NTM after inguinal hernia repair is reviewed.

RESULTS:
Mesh infections of M. fortuitum are very rare after inguinal hernia repair. The infection is hard to diagnose and complex to treat. However, it has characteristic clinical manifestations. With early recognition and specific tests, clinicians can still confirm the infection. Treatments include antibiotics and surgical intervention. Mesh displantation is considered to be necessary and needs to be conducted as soon as possible.

CONCLUSION:
When a mesh infection is present, it is important to check the wound before obtaining bacteriological evidence. Once the mycobacteria infection is suspected, corresponding tests should be taken immediately. With appropriate treatment, patients will likely make a full recovery.
Influence of Agricultural Practices and Activities on Conservation of the Ol-Bollosat Wetland in Kenya
Authors: Njagi Samuel Maina , Mwangi Judy Wambui 
Published: January 2023

Literature shows that most of the wetlands are threatened ecosystems due to increased human activities. The proper conservation and management of the wetlands is an important step to ensure that the human population continues to benefit directly and indirectly from the wetlands, and thus the need for this study that focuses on the influence of agricultural practices and activities on the conservation of the Ol-bollosat wetland. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, targeting 1000 households and the key informants, including the Nyumba kumi representative, Area Chief, Sub chief, KWS officers, MCA’s from Ndaragwa and Ol-jororok sub counties in Nyandarua County. Stratified random sampling was used to select two hundred and eighty seven (287) household heads as the respondents of the study. The data collection tools were interview schedules for key informants and guided questionnaires for household heads. A pilot study was carried out in Rwamuthambi wetland in Kirinyaga County. The researcher used Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS version 26) to analyse data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis, and the results were presented in form of bar graphs, pie charts and tables. The findings showed that agricultural activities and practices have an adverse effect on the conservation of Ol-bollosat wetland. The analysis showed that the community engaged in unsustainable agricultural practices and activities which were deleterious to the conservation of the wetland. Overgrazing on the riparian land, abstraction of water for irrigation are some of the unsustainable agricultural practices that the local community routinely engages in. The study recommends that inter-agency collaboration be enhanced so as to address the multiple challenges facing the Ol-bollosat wetland. The role of the County and National government in the management of the wetland should be enhanced, and local communities must be engaged. Further, agricultural practices and activities must be upgraded so that more cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods of irrigation are adopted. The study also recommends that further investigations be done to explore areas of meaningful community engagement in the management of the Ol-bollosat wetland.
Anatomy of a high-silica eruption as observed by a local seismic network: the June 2011 Puyehue–Cordón Caulle event (southern Andes, Chile)
Authors: Basualto Daniel , Tassara Andrés , Lazo-Gil Jonathan , Franco-Marin Luis , Cardona Carlos , San Martín Juan , Gil-Cruz Fernando , Calabi-Floddy Marcela , Farías Cristian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. High-silica explosive eruptions are one of the most
dangerous natural phenomena, yet it is unclear which processes are involved
in this infrequent kind of event. We present the first systematic
characterization of near-field seismicity associated with a large high-silica
eruption analyzing data recorded before, during and after the 4 June 2011 rhyolitic eruption of Puyehue–Cordón Caulle Volcanic Complex
(PCCVC). Results of a first-level data processing, developed by the Southern
Andean Volcano Observatory (OVDAS) to monitor unrest and the evolution of
the eruption, are complemented here with the relocation of hypocenters into
a local 1D velocity model, the time series of the b value and the computation of the focal
mechanism. This information allows us to define several phases before and
after the onset of the eruption, describing details of the space–time
evolution of seismicity, defining and characterizing the seismic sources, and
identifying the structural control of the magmatic intrusion and stress
variations during the eruption. Our results illuminate several underlying
processes, with emphasis on the possible role that basement structures had
on the storage, transport and evacuation of magma. Integrating our results
with previous findings based on satellite geodesy and petrology of erupted
materials, we discuss general conceptual models regarding destabilization of
structurally controlled acidic magmatic systems, the pass from unrest to
eruption, and changes in eruptive style and waning phases of eruptions, with
broader implications for monitoring and forecast of violent silicic
eruptions.
The control of short-term ice mélange weakening episodes on calving activity at major Greenland outlet glaciers
Authors: Wehrlé Adrien , Lüthi Martin P. , Vieli Andreas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The dense mixture of iceberg of various sizes and sea ice observed
in many of Greenland's fjords, called ice mélange (sikussak in
Greenlandic), has been shown to have a significant impact on the
dynamics of several Greenland tidewater glaciers, mainly through the
seasonal support it provides to the glacier terminus in
winter. However, a clear understanding of shorter-term ice mélange
dynamics is still lacking, mainly due to the high complexity and
variability of the processes at play at the ice–ocean boundary. In
this study, we use a combination of Sentinel-1 radar and Sentinel-2
optical satellite imagery to investigate in detail intra-seasonal
ice mélange dynamics and its link to calving activity at three major
outlet glaciers: Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier, Helheim Glacier and Sermeq
Kujalleq in Kangia (Jakobshavn Isbræ). In those fjords, we
identified recurrent ice mélange weakening (IMW) episodes consisting
of the up-fjord propagation of a discontinuity between jam-packed
and weaker ice mélange towards the glacier terminus. At a late
stage, i.e., when the IMW front approaches the glacier terminus,
these episodes were often correlated with the occurrence of
large-scale calving events. The IMW process is particularly visible at the front of Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier and presents a
cyclic behavior, such that we further analyzed IMW dynamics during
the June–November period from 2018 to 2021 at this
location. Throughout this period, we detected 30 IMW episodes with a
recurrence time of 24 d, propagating over a median distance of
5.9 km and for 17 d, resulting in a median propagation speed of
400 m d−1. We found that 87 % of the IMW episodes occurred prior to a
calving event visible in spaceborne observations and that ∼75 %
of all detected calving events were preceded by an IMW
episode. These results therefore present the IMW process as a clear
control on the calving activity of Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier. Finally,
using a simple numerical model for ice mélange motion, we showed
that a slightly biased random motion of ice floes without
fluctuating external forcing can reproduce IMW events and their
cyclic influence and explain observed propagation speeds. These
results further support our observations in characterizing the IMW
process as self-sustained through the existence of an IMW–calving
feedback. This study therefore highlights the importance of
short-term ice mélange dynamics in the longer-term evolution of
Greenland outlet glaciers.
Présenter ou non une utilisation problématique d’Internet : le point de vue de l’usager, du clinicien et de l’Internet Addiction Test
Authors: Trudeau-Guévin Lily , Dufour Magali , Goyette Mathieu , Gagnon Sylvie R. , Nadeau Louise , Berbiche Djamal , Laverdière Émelie 
Published: January 2023

Objectifs :L’évaluation de l’utilisation pathologique d’Internet (UPI) repose essentiellement sur des questionnaires autorapportés, sans égard à l’ensemble des points de vue possibles. Cette recherche vise à documenter différentes sources d’information pour évaluer la présence d’une UPI. L’étude compare la perception de jeunes en traitement pour une UPI quant à leur problématique avec celle d’un clinicien et celle d’un instrument de mesure l’Internet Addiction Test(IAT).Méthode :74 participants âgés de 14 à 17 ans ont été recrutés à travers des centres de traitement en dépendance. Ils ont complété l’IAT et pris part à une entrevue semi-structurée évaluant la présence d’une UPI et leur perspective par rapport à celle-ci. Au terme de l’entrevue, les cliniciens ont statué sur la présence ou non d’une UPI et expliqué les raisons étayant leur jugement. Les jeunes ont également statué et expliqué leur vision de la nature de leur problématique. La concordance entre les points de vue a été dégagée à partir d’analyse de répartition des fréquences. Une analyse qualitative a aussi été réalisée sur les raisons justifiant la présence d’une problématique.Résultats :Les évaluations des jeunes, des cliniciens et de l’IAT concordaient dans 59,5 % des cas. Les raisons les plus fréquemment mentionnées par les jeunes et les cliniciens pour expliquer la présence d’une UPI sont : la présence de méfaits, la difficulté de contrôle et le grand nombre d’heures passées en ligne.Conclusions :Les résultats suggèrent qu’il existe des divergences entre la perception des jeunes, des cliniciens et le score à l’IAT. Les raisons mentionnées par les deux parties pour expliquer leur jugement s’arriment aux critères diagnostiques recensés dans la littérature. Cette étude souligne l’importance de prendre en compte différents points de vue dans l’établissement de critères diagnostiques d’une condition émergente comme l’UPI.
Minilateral Alliances in the American Strategy of Containing the PRC in the Indo-Pacific Region
Authors: Gumbatov Nazim Farizovich , Kong Xiangyu 
Published: January 2023

The subject of the study is the consideration of the minilateral formations in the framework of the implementation of US foreign policy. The object of the study is the US foreign policy towards China since the beginning of the 21st century. The author examines in detail such aspects as the interaction of the United States and its allies in the Asian region, within the framework of the formation of the anti-Chinese coalition association, as well as analyzing and drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of a number of large minilateral organizations. Particular attention is paid to the reactionary perception of the top leadership of the leadership and the public masses of China on the role of the United States in building minilateral formations in its foreign policy. The main conclusions of the study are: •	The minilateral unions only accelerate the process of dividing the Asian region into pro-Chinese and pro-American. Such a competitive policy to attract Asian states to their trade, economic and political space will only complicate the process of finding a compromise point of view between the two great economic powers, as well as damage peace, prosperity and stability in the region in the long term; • The growing popularity in the formation of minilateral structures is a consequence of the growing confrontation between China and the USA over the past decade, and not the primary cause of contradictions; •	To date, most of the programs that have a "minilateral connotation" have little effective impact for the American government, nevertheless they cannot be called unfulfilled. Taking into account the relatively recent acceleration in attracting an increasing number of countries to existing and newly formed formats, Washington expects to get positive results for itself in the next decade, provided that China's economic and technological development is consolidated. The scientific novelty is determined primarily by the fact that the work analyzes the mechanism and evolution of interstate relations between the United States and partner countries, as well as the peculiarities of their activities in the minilateral associations.
NVTrans‐UNet: Neighborhood vision transformer based U‐Net for multi‐modal cardiac MR image segmentation
Authors: Li Bingjie , Yang Tiejun , Zhao Xiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of artificial intelligence and image processing technology, medical imaging technology has turned into a critical tool for clinical diagnosis and disease treatment. The extraction and segmentation of the regions of interest in cardiac images are crucial to the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Due to the erratically diastolic and systolic cardiac, the boundaries of Magnetic Resonance (MR) images are quite fuzzy. Moreover, it is hard to provide complete information using a single modality due to the complex structure of the cardiac image. Furthermore, conventional CNN‐based segmentation methods are weak in feature extraction. To overcome these challenges, we propose a multi‐modal method for cardiac image segmentation, called NVTrans‐UNet. Firstly, we employ the Neighborhood Vision Transformer (NVT) module, which takes advantage of Neighborhood Attention (NA) and inductive biases. It can better extract the local information of the cardiac image as well as reduce the computational cost. Secondly, we introduce a Multi‐modal Gated Fusion (MGF) network, which can automatically adjust the contributions of different modal feature maps and make full use of multi‐modal information. Thirdly, the bottleneck layer with Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) is proposed to expand the feature receptive field. Finally, the mixed loss is added to the cardiac image to focus the fuzzy boundary and realize accurate segmentation. We evaluated our model on MyoPS 2020 dataset. The Dice score of myocardial infarction (MI) was 0.642 ± 0.171, and the Dice score of myocardial infarction + edema (MI + ME) was 0.574 ± 0.110. Compared with the baseline, the MI increases by 11.2%, and the MI + ME increases by 12.5%. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed NVTrans‐UNet in the segmentation of MI and ME.
Common pathophysiology for ANXA11 disorders caused by aspartate 40 variants
Authors: Natera‐de Benito Daniel , Olival Jonathan , Garcia‐Cabau Carla , Jou Cristina , Roldan Mònica , Codina Anna , Expósito‐Escudero Jessica , Batlle Cristina , Carrera‐García Laura , Ortez Carlos , Salvatella Xavier , Palau Francesc , Nascimento Andrés , Hoenicka Janet 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveMutations in ANXA11 cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and have recently been identified as a cause of multisystem proteinopathy and adult‐onset muscular dystrophy. These conditions are adult‐onset diseases and result from the substitution of Aspartate 40 (Asp40) for an apolar residue in the intrinsically disordered domain (IDD) of ANXA11. Some ALS‐related variants are known to affect ANXA11 IDD; however, the mechanism by which the myopathy occurs is unknown.MethodsGenetic analysis was performed using WES‐trio. For the study of variant pathogenicity, we used recombinant proteins, muscle biopsy, and fibroblasts.ResultsHere we describe an individual with severe and rapidly progressive childhood‐onset oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy who carries a new ANXA11 variant at position Asp40 (p.Asp40Ile; c.118_119delGAinsAT). p.Asp40Ile is predicted to enhance the aggregation propensity of ANXA11 to a greater extent than other changes affecting this residue. In vitro studies using recombinant ANXA11p.Asp40Ile showed abnormal phase separation and confirmed this variant is more aggregation‐prone than the ALS‐associated variant ANXA11p.Asp40Gly. The study of the patient's fibroblasts revealed defects in stress granules dynamics and clearance, and muscle histopathology showed a myopathic pattern with ANXA11 protein aggregates. Super‐resolution imaging showed aggregates expressed as pearl strips or large complex structures in the sarcoplasm, and as layered subsarcolemmal chains probably reflecting ANXA11 multifunctionality.InterpretationWe demonstrate common pathophysiology for disorders associated with ANXA11 Asp40 allelic variants. Clinical phenotypes may result from different deleterious impacts of variants upon ANXA11 stability against aggregation, and differential muscle or motor neuron dysfunction expressed as a temporal and tissue‐specific continuum.