bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faded landscape: unravelling peat initiation and lateral expansion at one of northwest Europe's largest bog remnants
Authors: Quik Cindy , van der Velde Ype , Candel Jasper H. J. , Steinbuch Luc , van Beek Roy , Wallinga Jakob 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. On the mainland of northwest Europe generally only remnants of
former peat landscapes subsist. Due to the poor preservation of these
landscapes, alternative approaches to reconstruct peat initiation and
lateral expansion are needed compared to regions with intact peat cover.
Here we aim (1) to find explanatory variables within a digital soil mapping
approach that allow us to reconstruct the pattern of peat initiation and
lateral expansion within (and potentially beyond) peat remnants, and (2) to
reconstruct peat initiation ages and lateral expansion for one of the
largest bog remnants of the northwest European mainland,
Fochteloërveen. Basal radiocarbon dates were obtained from the peat
remnant, which formed the basis for subsequent analyses. We investigated the
relationship between peat initiation age and three potential covariates: (1) total thickness of organic deposits, (2) elevation of the Pleistocene
mineral surface that underlies the organic deposits, and (3) a constructed
variable representing groundwater-fed wetness based on elevation of the
mineral surface and current hydraulic head. Significant relationships were
found with covariates (1) and (3), which were then used for subsequent
modelling. Our results indicate simultaneous peat initiation at several loci
in Fochteloërveen during the Early Holocene and continuous lateral
expansion until 900 cal BP. Lateral expansion accelerated between 5500–3500 cal BP. Our approach is spatially explicit (i.e. results in a map
of peat initiation ages), and it allows for a quantitative evaluation of the
prediction using the standard deviation and comparison of predictions with
validation points. The applied method based on covariate (1) is only useful
where remnant peat survived, whereas covariate (3) may ultimately be applied
to reconstruct peat initiation ages and lateral peatland expansion beyond
the limits of peat remnants.
Temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon respiration along a forested elevation gradient in the Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda
Authors: Okello Joseph , Bauters Marijn , Verbeeck Hans , Bodé Samuel , Kasenene John , Françoys Astrid , Engelhardt Till , Butterbach-Bahl Klaus , Kiese Ralf , Boeckx Pascal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Tropical montane forests store high amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, global warming may affect these stocks via enhanced soil respiration. Improved insight into the temperature response of SOC respiration can be obtained from in and ex situ warming studies. In situ warming via the translocation of intact soil mesocosms was carried out along an elevation gradient ranging between ca. 1250 m in the Kibale Forest to ca. 3000 m in the Rwenzori Mountains in Uganda. Samples from the same transect were also warmed ex situ. Ex situ results revealed that, following the elevation gradient, which represents a natural climate gradient, specific heterotrophic CO2 respiration decreased linearly by 1.01 ± 0.12 µgCh-1g-1 of SOC per 100 m of elevation increase. The coefficient of temperature sensitivity increased from 1.50 ± 0.13 in the lowest- to 2.68 ± 0.25 in the highest-elevation cluster, showing a linear increase of 0.09 ± 0.03 per 100 m of elevation increase. Additionally, respired CO2 was more depleted in 13C in the warmer lower elevations as compared to colder higher elevations, with a linear decrease of 0.23 ‰ ± 0.04 ‰ per 100 m of elevation increase. Furthermore, the microbial community structure indicated a weak trend along the elevation gradient, with higher elevations more dominated by fungi relative to bacteria. The results indicate an increased recalcitrance and decreased mineralisation of SOC, with elevation likely driven by decreasing soil temperature and pH. Subsequently, after 2 years of in situ warming (0.9 to 2.8 ∘C), specific heterotrophic SOC respiration tended to be lower for warmed soil compared to control soil. Furthermore, in warmed soils, δ13C values and SOC content tended to increase and decrease, respectively. Collectively, this points towards the increased mineralisation and depletion of readily available C during 2 years of warming. In conclusion, our results suggest that climate warming may trigger enhanced losses of SOC from tropical montane forests due to a combination of a higher temperature sensitivity of mineralisation and higher SOC content at higher elevations.
ASSESSMENT ON BACTERIAL LOAD OF READY TO USE FRUIT JUICES SERVED IN CAFES AND JUICE BARS IN HOSSANA TOWN, SOUTHERN ETHIOP
Authors: Weleni Diriba Leta , Abera Shilimat 
Published: February 2023

Contaminated food and drinks are source of various food borne diseases in human. The study aimed on the assessment of bacterial load of locally prepared fruit juice. A cross sectional study was conducted from January 2015 to May 2015in Hossana town. Out of Twenty four fruit juice samples, eight samples from each of avocado, papaya and mango were collected at two different time intervals accordingly. The pH of original samples was determined before dilution. Streak plate method was used for the growth of bacteria on appropriate media. Structured questionnaire was prepared to assess storage mechanism of fruit, source of fruit, processing and hygienic condition of working environment. Concerning pH there was slight increase in juices that were collected at night. The probable reason may be inappropriate storage of fruit and over dilution of fruit juices. Regarding the bacterial load of fruit juice samples both avocado9 (38.38%) and papaya8 (33.67%) were found to be more contaminated with bacteria than mango 6(28.53%).This may be the water activity, antimicrobial constituents and/or nutrient content. The venders cause subsequent contamination during preparation, handling, by the side of waste disposal system, using water that is not boiled for dilution. Therefore, regular supervision and training about safe processing and handling of fruit juices and hygiene of venders can improve the quality of fresh fruit juices.
EFFECT OF COLOUR VISION IN MACULAR HOLE
Authors: HARADHAN CHOWDHURY PARTHA , HAREN SHAH BRINDA , TIWARI NRIPESH 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:-
The aim of the study is to analyse the effect on Colour Vision in cases of Macular Hole
Methodology:-
Prospective cross sectional study was performed at tertiary eye care centers within the period of 2.5 years. Screening was done and subjects were taken to tertiary eye care centers for further evaluation. Subjects with macular hole were included and visual functions along with slit lamp evaluation and fundus evaluation were performed. Colour Vision was assessed with PV 16 colour vision Test. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and Microsoft Office Excel version 10.
Results:-
58 subjects were included in the study. Out of that 71 % were males and 29% were Females. Colour vision was assessed and it is found that only 16 % of subjects were having normal colour vision while 62 % of subjects were having Mild Tritanopia and 22% of subjects will develop Moderate Tritanopia.
Conclusion:-
Mild to Moderate Tritanopia develops in cases of Macular whole.
LA DISCRIMINATION ET L’INJUSTICE DANS LE SABLE DES BLANCS DE LEWIS NKOSI.
Authors: Flammarion Dongola Kikuni , Jonathan Kasereka Lukulirwa 
Published: February 2023

Cette étude est une radioscopie de la discrimination et de l’injustice qui gangrènent la société sud-africaine de l’époque de l’Apartheid. Le sable des Blancs de Lewis Nkosi porte les stigmates de ces deux fléaux. L’article relève les différents éléments de ces deux phénomènes sociaux à travers les traitements moraux que subit le narrateur dans une affaire de viol à Durban.
Hubungan antara koordinasi mata-tangan dan kelenturan otot lengan dengan ketepatan smash forehand tenis meja
Authors: Firmanda Muhammad Fiqi , Sugiarto Sugiarto 
Published: February 2023

Masalah penelitian adalah banyak atlet yang melakukan kesalahan seperti bola yang menyangkut di net dan ketika bola melewati net tetapi bola keluar dari meja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1) hubungan antara koordinasi mata tangan (X1) dengan ketepatan pukulan smash forehand (Y), 2) hubungan kekuatan otot lengan (X2) dengan ketepatan pukulan smash forehand (Y). 3) hubungan koordinasi mata tangan (X1) dan kekuatan otot lengan (X2) dengan ketepatan pukulan smash forehand (Y). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa korelasional. Sampel terdiri dari atlet klub tenis meja PTM Dwi Bengawan yang terdiri dari 17 orang atlet putra. Instrumen penelitian yaitu tes lempar tangkap bola tenis, mengukur kekuatan otot lengan menggunakan expanding dynamometer, dan tes ketepatan smash forehand. Analisis data menggunakan uji prasyarat normalitas dan linieritas. Uji hipotesis menggunakan SPSS. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara koordinasi mata tangan (X1) dengan ketepatan pukulan smash forehand (Y) dengan nilai r hitung = 0,674 > r tabel = 0,482. Selain itu, terdapat pula hubungan antara kekuatan otot lengan (X2) dengan ketepatan pukulan smash forehand (Y), dengan nilai r hitung = 0,781 > r tabel = 0,482. Terdapat hubungan antara koordinasi mata tangan dan kekuatan otot lengan terhadap ketepatan smash forehand dengan nilai F hitung = 12,197 > F tabel = 3,74. Diharapkan penelitian selanjutnya dapat membahas terkait hal yang mempengaruhi ketepatan smash forehand pada tenis meja ditinjau dari ilmu biomekanika.
The Effect of Acetylation of Faro 40 Rice Starch for the Production of Pharmaceutical Grade Starch
Authors: Nma Yisa, Benjamin , Shaba Yisa Aaron , Amaechi Dennis , Achimugu Dickson Musa , Egwim Evans C. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Nigerian FARO 40 rice starch has been underutilized due to low edible qualities. Therefore, chemical modification of this variety for pharmaceutical use was contemplated, as native starch has shown to be integrally unsuitable for pharmaceutical applications. The aim of this study was to chemically modify underutilized rice variety using standard methods for possible use as pharmaceutical grade starch.
Methodology: Native and acetylated FARO rice starch physicochemical properties were analysed using standard methods. Scan electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analyser and Derivative Thermogravimetric analyser were done to determine the morphological properties of native and acetylated starch. The starch tablets comparative binding and disintegrant capacities were examined utilizing paracetamol as model sedate. Wet granulation strategy and direct compression were used to defined the paracetamol tablets from native starch and acetylated starch as binders. The tablet features such as smashing quality, friability, crumbling time and disintegration test were assessed utilizing friabilitor machine, deterioration machine and disintegration device.
Results: The results showed significant decreased (P<0.05) values in pH, moisture content, and gelatinization temperature for acetylated starch compared to the native starch. Significant increase observed in ash content, solubility, swelling capacity, browning temperature, charring temperature and amylose content of acetylated starch as compared to the native starch. Furthermore, significant changes were also observed in morphology of the acetylated starch compared to the native rice starch. The weight, crushing strength, friability, disintegration time and dissolution profile values for paracetamol tablets formulated with the acetylated starch were within the standard specified by British pharmacopeia and were significantly different from that of native starch (P<0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, the research reviewed significant changes in physicochemical and morphological properties of acetylated FARO 40 underutilized Nigerian rice starch variety which suggest to improve the quality of the starch for pharmaceutical usage.
KIMURA’S DISEASE IN AN ASIAN MALE: A VERY RARE CAUSE OF LYMPHADENOPATHY
Authors: GOYAL VIRENDRA KR. , DAK RUHI , SOOD VIBHAS MOHAN 
Published: February 2023

The present case study highlights Kimura’s Disease in an Asian Male. Kimura disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. It usually presents as subcutaneous mass in the head and neck region and is frequently associated with regional lymphadenopathy or salivary gland involvement. A study done at Dept of Internal Medicine ,American Institute Of Medical sciences, GBH general hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. A case report of a 13 year old male, admitted to GBH general Hospital on 1st January, 2023 with chief complains of swelling (painless) Left side of the face below eye since 4 months and swelling under Rt. lobe of the ear since 3 months.On radiological examination, Kimura’s disease mimics other chronic and malignant diseases such as tuberculosis or lymphoma. This is an important study since it is a rare case and further research should be done in this area for further management and prompt diagnosis of such rare causes of upper body lymphadenopathy(frequently confused with malignancy),unless histopathology is clearly demonstrated.
Production of Potato Quality Seeds in Mountainous Region of Central Africa
Authors: Ishibwela Obedi Nyamangyoku 
Published: February 2023

Potato production in the mountainous region of Central Africa (CA) remains very low (10–15 T/ha), while the commonly cultivated varieties have a genetic potential to reach more than 40 T/ha. This low productivity is due, among other reasons, to a low quality of propagation material (seed tubers). Certified potato seed tubers are not only expensive but also not sufficient on the market to cover the needs of potato producers, leading them to use year-to-year seeds potatoes already infected by diseases and totally degenerated. Due to constraints of getting appropriate facilities for good Potato seeds production among producers, various cutting methods to obtain quality potato seeds have been developed. Indeed, in several experiments carried out in Rwanda and in other countries, the use of good healthy propagation material has increased yields by more than 35%. Since this mountainous zone of Central Africa is very suitable for the cultivation of potatoes for its climatic conditions, the methods developed in this chapter for producing quality potato seeds and appropriate agricultural practices (crop rotation, good fertilization, disease control and pests) will make it possible to significantly increase yields, and thus allow the varieties grown in Central Africa to express their genetic potential of more than 40 T/ha.
Diagnosis and management of oral mucosal conditions commonly seen in the elderly population
Authors: McPhillips Orla , Patton Barry , Ní Ríordáin Richeal 
Published: February 2023

##Learning outcomes recognise the older adult as a unique subset of patient; develop familiarity with the appearance and aetiology of various oral mucosal conditions that can present in the older adult; and, develop awareness of common treatment modalities for oral mucosal diseases.
Language in Education Policy in Kenya
Authors: Ngetich Norman 
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The subject of Language-in-education policies has generated rigorous debate and is an issue of concern to education stakeholders and researchers in education. Despite markedly disparate views, there is an uneasy agreement that for education systems the world over, languages play a pivotal role in the teaching and learning processes. This paper provides a critical appraisal of the general language-in-education-policy in Kenya (hereinafter, LiEP). It then briefly and singularly examines foreign language-in-education policies (hereinafter, FLiEP) around the world and gives a particular focus on the situation of French-language education in Kenya. The paper determines that foreign language-in-education policies in Kenya’s education system are admittedly silent or not clearly spelt-out. The resultant effect on foreign language education (hereinafter, FLE) in Kenyan schools is that its growth has not been methodologically planned but has “self-developed” in response and in line with socio-economic, political, and educational transformations in the country. To bring this to the fore, this paper presents explanatory research by critically examining Kenya`s LiEP from independence to present, their interpretations and implementations, in reference to foreign language education. Literature informing this paper was sourced from various documents from library search, online sources and Ministry of Education Kenya documents, that is, Sessional Papers.
Keywords: Foreign language-in-education policy, Kenya, language policy
SOME HUMAN REOURCE ISSUES IN THE AUTO INDUSTRY- CURRENT SITUATION AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Nguyen Huu Manh 
Published: February 2023

The automobile industry is an important industry in the process of industrialization and modernization in many countries. Over the years, Vietnam has considered the automobile industry as a priority industry for its development and it has made contributions to the country’s socio-economic development; Domestic manufacturing and assembly enterprises have initially affirmed their role and position in the domestic automobile market and they have made a strong development in both quantity and quality. The development of the automobile industry with a high localization rate will bring value to the economy, such as creating jobs, training skilled human resources, technical expertise, developing other industries, especially mechanics, electronics, chemicals, and reducing trade deficit. However, in order for the automobile industry to really develop, Vietnam needs to focus on investing resources, including investing in highly qualified human resources capable of specialization that can update and keep up with the development trend of the Vietnamese automobile industry in particular and internationally in general.
The Effect of Health Literacy Level on the Use of E-Health Applications
Authors: Ozan Derviş , Kiliç Mahmut 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to measure the effect of health literacy (HL) level on the level of use of e-health applications among public employees, excluding health workers serving directly to the public and working in public institutions in the downtown area of Yozgat, Turkey.
Methods: The study is cross-sectional and was conducted in 2021 among public employees. 476 public personnel working in state institutions in the city center participated in the study. Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, and multinomial logistic regression were used to evaluate the data.
Results: Of the participants, 64.3% of them were male, 74.9% were married, 45.3% were in the 30-39 age group, and 60.9% were undergraduates. It was observed that 21.5% of the people in the research group had insufficient health literacy (SSL), 41.3% were problematic and 37.2% were sufficient. It was seen that the most used E-health application was E-pulse with 84.9%, followed by Life Fits into Home (LFH) and Central Physician Appointment System (CPAS) (64.3%), and the lowest was the hospitals' online systems (29.1%). The use of E-Nabız (e-Pulse) and E-Devlet (e-Government) SSI applications according to HL level was not found to be statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The vast majority of public employees use E-Pulse, and approximately 2/3 of them use LFH and CPAS. Less than half of the participants in the study had a sufficient health-literacy level, and the effect on e-Health practices was not found significant.
Interiority in Sade Village Indigenous Corridor
Authors: Kusumowidagdo Astrid , Rahadiyanti Melania , Utomo Tri Noviyanto Puji 
Published: February 2023

This study aims to find and define interiority as an initiative to preserve culture and traditions in Sade Village, Lombok Island, a tourist area in Indonesia. This study adopted qualitative research with the case study method, recording several data sources through field observation, literature studies, archives, and in-depth interviews with community leaders. This study identifies the typology of areas that create psychological, form-based, atmospheric, and programmatic interiority (Teston, 2020) in various configurations. This study found the types of interiorities in Sade Village that contribute to the corridor’s uniqueness, visitors’ feeling of insideness, and the area’s maintenance. Five categories of interiority, namely psychological, form-based, atmospheric, programmatic, and narrative interiority were found in the corridor of Sade Village. The finding on narrative interiority refers to the philosophy of social life of the local community, producing interiority by the meaningful ancient tradition and local beliefs. This study would contribute to increasing awareness of the inherent cultural values of Sade Village to strengthen the image of the area and its tourism potential.
Narcisismo e Sensualidade: os mitos e as marcas de confecções do Agreste Pernambucano
Authors: Queiroz Pedro Felipe de Sá , Moreira Vanessa Suellen Arcoverde , Silva Marcone José , Costa Flávia Zimmerle da Nóbrega 
Published: February 2023

Considerando o papel social que a publicidade assume para o posicionamento das marcas locais e procurando revelar a importância dos mitos nessa construção. Buscamos analisar três marcas comercializadas nas feiras no Agreste Pernambucano pertencentes às cidades mais importantes desse polo (Caruaru, Toritama e Santa Cruz do Capibaribe). Através de um estudo qualitativo baseado na semiologia Barthesiana, nossos resultados apontaram sete mitos, cujas analogias revelaram que os mitos do narcisismo e da sensualidade estão presentes fortemente nas peças publicitárias das marcas locais, evidenciando assim o empenho e a eficácia do arranjo produtivo local, o que é característica natural desse polo empreendedor.