bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of inorganic and organic salts on the hydration mechanism of montmorillonite based on molecular simulation
Authors: Yang Lianjun , Xiang Bo , Zhao Haisong , Wu Kai , Liu Enlong , Zhang Ge 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe molecular dynamics method is used to further reveal, from the molecular point of view, the mechanisms of salt inhibiting the hydration of Na-MMT. The interaction between water molecules, salt molecules, and montmorillonite are calculated by establishing the adsorption models. According to the simulation results, the adsorption conformation, interlayer concentration distribution, self-diffusion coefficient, ion hydration parameters, and other data are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the volume and basal spacing increase in a stepwise manner with the increase of water content, and water molecules have different hydration mechanisms. The addition of salt will enhance the hydration properties of compensating cations of montmorillonite and affect the mobility of particles. The addition of inorganic salts mainly reduces the adsorption tightness between water molecules and crystal surfaces, thereby reducing the thickness of water molecules layer, while the organic salts can better inhibit migration by controlling interlayer water molecules. The results of molecular dynamics simulations reveal the microscopic distribution of particles and the influence mechanism when the swelling properties of montmorillonite are modified by chemical reagents.
Exercise reduces hyperlipidemia-induced cardiac damage in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice via its effects against inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Pei Zuowei , Ji Jun , Gao Yanyan , Wang Heshuang , Wu Yuanyuan , Yang Jin , Yang Qin , Zhang Li 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCardiovascular disease is a high incidence and mortality rate disease worldwide. Exercise training has become an established evidence-based treatment strategy that is beneficial for many cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise on hyperlipidemia-induced cardiac damage in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. Male ApoE−/− mice were randomly divided into the following four groups: normal diet (ND), normal diet + exercise training (ND + E), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet + exercise training (HFD + E). Exercise training consisted of swimming for 40 min, 5 days/week for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, histopathological alterations in cardiac tissue and the serum were measured. Furthermore, the NOX4, NRF2, SIRT1, TGF-β, HO-1, collagen III, Smad3, Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 expression levels were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and western blotting; Results: the serum levels of SIRT1, GSH-Px, and SOD were lower in ApoE−/− HFD mice compared with those in ApoE−/− HFD + E mice. Significant pathological changes were observed in the ApoE−/− HFD + E group compared with those in the ApoE−/− HFD group. Increased levels of oxidative stress, fibrosis, and apoptosis, and decreased antioxidant expression in the ApoE−/− HFD group compared with those in ApoE−/− HFD + E mice. Exercise exerts protective effects against cardiac damage caused by hyperlipidemia.
A clustering-optimized segmentation algorithm and application on food quality detection
Authors: Wu QingE , Li Penglei , Chen Zhiwu , Zong Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor solving the problem of quality detection in the production and processing of stuffed food, this paper suggests a small neighborhood clustering algorithm to segment the frozen dumpling image on the conveyor belt, which can effectively improve the qualified rate of food quality. This method builds feature vectors by obtaining the image's attribute parameters. The image is segmented by a distance function between categories using a small neighborhood clustering algorithm based on sample feature vectors to calculate the cluster centers. Moreover, this paper gives the selection of optimal segmentation points and sampling rate, calculates the optimal sampling rate, suggests a search method for optimal sampling rate, as well as a validity judgment function for segmentation. Optimized small neighborhood clustering (OSNC) algorithm uses the fast frozen dumpling image as a sample for continuous image target segmentation experiments. The experimental results show the accuracy of defect detection of OSNC algorithm is 95.9%. Compared with other existing segmentation algorithms, OSNC algorithm has stronger anti-interference ability, faster segmentation speed as well as more efficiently saves key information ability. It can effectively improve some disadvantages of other segmentation algorithms.
The genetic and clinical characteristics of WFS1 related diabetes in Chinese early onset type 2 diabetes
Authors: Li Yating , Gong Siqian , Li Meng , Cai Xiaoling , Liu Wei , Zhang Simin , Ma Yumin , Luo Yingying , Zhou Lingli , Zhang Xiuying , Huang Xiuting , Gao Xueying , Hu Mengdie , Li Yufeng , Ren Qian , Wang Yanai , Zhou Xianghai , Han Xueyao , Ji Linong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDiabetes is one of the most common phenotypes of Wolfram syndrome owing to the presence of the variants of the WFS1 gene and is often misdiagnosed as other types of diabetes. We aimed to explore the prevalence of WFS1-related diabetes (WFS1-DM) and its clinical characteristics in a Chinese population with early-onset type 2 diabetes (EOD). We sequenced all exons of the WFS1 gene in 690 patients with EOD (age at diagnosis ≤ 40 years) for rare variants. Pathogenicity was defined according to the standards and guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. We identified 33 rare variants predicted to be deleterious in 39 patients. The fasting [1.57(1.06–2.22) ng/ml] and postprandial C-peptide levels [2.8(1.75–4.46) ng/ml] of the patients with such WFS1 variations were lower than those of the patients without WFS1 variation [2.09(1.43–3.05) and 4.29(2.76–6.07) respectively, ng/ml]. Six (0.9%) patients carried pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants; they met the diagnostic criteria for WFS1-DM according to the latest guidelines, but typical phenotypes of Wolfram syndrome were seldom observed. They were diagnosed at an earlier age and usually presented with an absence of obesity, impaired beta cell function, and the need for insulin treatment. WFS1-DM is usually mistakenly diagnosed as type 2 diabetes, and genetic testing is helpful for individualized treatment.
Improving deep learning model performance under parametric constraints for materials informatics applications
Authors: Gupta Vishu , Peltekian Alec , Liao Wei-keng , Choudhary Alok , Agrawal Ankit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractModern machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques using high-dimensional data representations have helped accelerate the materials discovery process by efficiently detecting hidden patterns in existing datasets and linking input representations to output properties for a better understanding of the scientific phenomenon. While a deep neural network comprised of fully connected layers has been widely used for materials property prediction, simply creating a deeper model with a large number of layers often faces with vanishing gradient problem, causing a degradation in the performance, thereby limiting usage. In this paper, we study and propose architectural principles to address the question of improving the performance of model training and inference under fixed parametric constraints. Here, we present a general deep-learning framework based on branched residual learning (BRNet) with fully connected layers that can work with any numerical vector-based representation as input to build accurate models to predict materials properties. We perform model training for materials properties using numerical vectors representing different composition-based attributes of the respective materials and compare the performance of the proposed models against traditional ML and existing DL architectures. We find that the proposed models are significantly more accurate than the ML/DL models for all data sizes by using different composition-based attributes as input. Further, branched learning requires fewer parameters and results in faster model training due to better convergence during the training phase than existing neural networks, thereby efficiently building accurate models for predicting materials properties.
Functional impact and molecular binding modes of drugs that target the PI3K isoform p110δ
Authors: Hassenrück Floyd , Farina-Morillas Maria , Neumann Lars , Landini Francesco , Blakemore Stuart James , Rabipour Mina , Alvarez-Idaboy Juan Raul , Pallasch Christian P. , Hallek Michael , Rebollido-Rios Rocio , Krause Günter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTargeting the PI3K isoform p110δ against B cell malignancies is at the mainstay of PI3K inhibitor (PI3Ki) development. Therefore, we generated isogenic cell lines, which express wild type or mutant p110δ, for assessing the potency, isoform-selectivity and molecular interactions of various PI3Ki chemotypes. The affinity pocket mutation I777M maintains p110δ activity in the presence of idelalisib, as indicated by intracellular AKT phosphorylation, and rescues cell functions such as p110δ-dependent cell viability. Resistance owing to this substitution consistently affects the potency of p110δ-selective in contrast to most multi-targeted PI3Ki, thus distinguishing usually propeller-shaped and typically flat molecules. Accordingly, molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the I777M substitution disturbs conformational flexibility in the specificity or affinity pockets of p110δ that is necessary for binding idelalisib or ZSTK474, but not copanlisib. In summary, cell-based and molecular exploration provide comparative characterization of currently developed PI3Ki and structural insights for future PI3Ki design.
Activation-inducible CAR expression enables precise control over engineered CAR T cell function
Authors: Fraessle Simon P. , Tschulik Claudia , Effenberger Manuel , Cletiu Vlad , Gerget Maria , Schober Kilian , Busch Dirk H. , Germeroth Lothar , Stemberger Christian , Poltorak Mateusz P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCAR T cell therapy is a rapidly growing area of oncological treatments having a potential of becoming standard care for multiple indications. Coincidently, CRISPR/Cas gene-editing technology is entering next-generation CAR T cell product manufacturing with the promise of more precise and more controllable cell modification methodology. The intersection of these medical and molecular advancements creates an opportunity for completely new ways of designing engineered cells to help overcome current limitations of cell therapy. In this manuscript we present proof-of-concept data for an engineered feedback loop. We manufactured activation-inducible CAR T cells with the help of CRISPR-mediated targeted integration. This new type of engineered T cells expresses the CAR gene dependent on their activation status. This artifice opens new possibilities to regulate CAR T cell function both in vitro and in vivo. We believe that such a physiological control system can be a powerful addition to the currently available toolbox of next-generation CAR constructs.
Comparing Scores on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test in Preschoolers With and Without Hearing Loss
Authors: Ingvalson Erin M. , Perry Lynn K. , VanDam Mark , Grieco-Calub Tina M. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
We sought to compare raw scores, standard scores, and age equivalences on two commonly used vocabulary tests, the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and the Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test (ROWPVT).

Method:
Sixty-two children, 31 with hearing loss (HL) and 31 with normal hearing (NH), were given both the PPVT and ROWPVT as part of an ongoing longitudinal study of emergent literacy development in preschoolers with and without HL. All children were between 3 and 4 years old at administration, and the two tests were administered within 3 weeks of each other. Both tests were given again 6 months later. Standard scores and age equivalencies were calculated for both tests using published guidelines.

Results:
There was no significant effect of test for any of our analyses. However, there was a main effect of time, with both standard scores and age equivalencies being significantly higher at the second test. Children with NH had significantly higher standard scores and age equivalencies than children with NH, but there was no interaction between hearing status and time, suggesting that the two groups were growing at the same rate.

Conclusions:
Clinicians can be comfortable administering both the PPVT and ROWPVT to estimate children's vocabulary levels, but there may be practice effects when administering the tests twice within a calendar year. These data also indicate that children with HL continue to lag behind their peers with NH on vocabulary development.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23232848
Impact of low carbohydrate diet on patients with type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Shaker Mahmood Bashar 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Achieving glycemic control in subjects with type 1 diabetes presents a significant challenge to the patient and the healthcare providers. The recommendations for dietary carbohydrates varied over the years from severe restriction to no restriction. We aim to study the impact of low carbohydrate diet on subjects with type 1 diabetes.
Subjects and Methods: we conducted a cross over clinical trial in which 46 uncontrolled (HbA1c ≥7%), subjects with type 1 diabetes on a standard carbohydrate diet, were placed on low carbohydrate diet (<26% of daily caloric intake). Patients attending Ain Shams University hospitals outpatient diabetes clinics were invited to participate. Participants were provided with education sessions to achieve and maintain low carbohydrate diet. They visited the clinic at baseline, 3 and 6 months.
Results: low carbohydrate diet resulted in significant improvement (p<0.001) in the following parameters using repeated measure analysis of variance: HbA1c (9.2 to 6.6%), weight (82.7kg to 76.7kg), BMI (29.70 to 27.56 Kg/m2), percent body fat (36.7 to 30.2%), skeletal muscle mass (53.8 to 55.9kg), total daily dose of insulin (72 to 54 IU) total cholesterol (199 to 169 mg/dL), LDL (119 to 101mg/dL) triglycerides (182 to 113 mg/dL), ALT (23 to 20IU/L), AST (14 to 12 IU/L), UAC ratio ( 15.7 to 14.0mg/g) and decreased incidence of hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events (4.4 to 1.1 and 20.8 to 4.0 events/week respectively).
Conclusion: low carbohydrate diet demonstrated efficacy in terms of glycemic control and attainment of glycemic targets with good safety profile in terms of lower rates of hypoglycemic events.
Endovascular Management of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Ognard Julien , Magro Elsa , Caroff Jildaz , Bodani Vivek , Mosimann Pascal John , Gentric Jean-Christophe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the risk of cerebral hemorrhage, and its related morbidity–mortality, brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are a rare and potentially life-threatening disease. Despite this, there is only one randomized controlled trial on bAVM management, A Randomized trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous malformations (ARUBA). The results of the ARUBA trial favor a noninterventional approach in the case of an unruptured bAVM; however, implementation of these findings is challenging in daily practice. Instead, management of bAVM relies on multidisciplinary discussions that lead to patient-specific strategies based on patient preferences, local expertise, and experience in referral centers. Considering the diverse patterns of presentation and numerous treatment modalities, implementing standardized guidelines in this context proves challenging, notwithstanding the recommendations or expert opinions offered. Endovascular treatment (EVT) of bAVM can be curative, or can serve as an adjunct treatment prior to surgery or radiosurgery (“pre-EVT”). EVT practice is in constant evolution (i.e., venous approach, combination with surgery during the same anesthesia, etc.). Liquid embolic agents such as ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer and cyanoacrylates (CYA), and their method of injection to increase bAVM occlusion have also benefited from technical evolutions such as the use of adjunctive flow arrest techniques (mini balloons, pressure cooker technique, and multiple catheters). Further research is necessary to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of EVT for bAVM.
Detailed Management of Brachial Plexus Birth Injuries: The Miami Protocol at Nicklaus Children's Hospital
Authors: Berger Aaron J. , Elias Yvette , Medina Cherise , Quinn Nancy , Schreiber Verena , Alvarado-Burgos Enrique , Price Andrew , Grossman John AI 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe management of children with brachial plexus birth injuries is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. In the following article, we describe our approach to evaluation and management at Nicklaus Children's Hospital. It is our aim is to elucidate nuances in management.
Study on phase evolution and mechanical properties of reconstructed granite
Authors: Wang Pan , Teng Zhen , Zeng Sifan , Jia Peng , Chen Chen , Zhou Xiaosong , Feng Wanlin , Zhang Haibin 
Published: June 2023

In this paper, reconstructed granite with enhanced mechanical properties is prepared by re-melting and re-sintering granite wastes based on the formation process of natural granite. The sintering process, phase composition, and mechanical properties are deeply investigated. The optimal synthesizing process is sintering granite wastes at 1090 °C for 2 h with a preloading pressure of 25 MPa. Reconstruction results in excellent mechanical properties with a Vickers hardness of 5.30 GPa, a bending strength of 64.84 MPa, and an elastic modulus of 68.77 GPa, which are superior to those of natural granite (Vickers hardness of 3.64 GPa, bending strength of 23.40 MPa, and elastic modulus of 58.77 GPa). The sintering process plays a decisive role in improving the mechanical properties, which not only regulate the phase composition and refine the grain size but also effectively decrease the formation of cracks. This work not only clarified the mechanism between the phase evolution and mechanical properties of reconstructed granite but also proposed a viable way to dispose granite wastes for natural resource recycling.
Thermal bubble-driven impedance-based high-throughput cell counting chip design
Authors: Yang Xiaopeng , Wang Kun , Huang Peng , Guan Yimin , Liu Demeng 
Published: June 2023

Cell identification and enumeration are important methods within clinical and research laboratories for rapid diagnosis of relevant diseases. However, there are still many shortcomings in the current cell counting methods. In order to improve the performance of cell counting, a novel impedance-based cell counting chip based on thermal bubble drive was designed in this study. The chip is fabricated by whole-wafer processing and provides the driving force for cells through a combination of thermal bubble nozzles and microfluidic channels, integrating 100 individual detection units on a 38 mm2 size chip. Experimental and theoretical analyses have demonstrated that the chip can achieve high throughput detection of 45 000 beads/s under extreme conditions. A fourfold difference in detection voltage was obtained for both 14 and 7 µm diameter polystyrene beads. The linear fit coefficient of determination between the cell number measured by the chip and the cell number observed in reality was above 0.999 for both polystyrene beads and 211H cells, and the counting accuracy exceeded previous studies. It turns out that the chip achieves portable, low-cost, high-throughput, and high-accuracy cell counting, which is conducive to the development of impedance cell counting.
A flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-vinyl chloride) for basketball dribbling technique training
Authors: Guan Daoquan , Zhang Zhongxing , Fei Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2023

Recently, intelligent sports monitor devices based on self-powered sensor technology have received widespread attention. Here, we designed a triboelectric nanogenerator based on a poly(vinylidene fluoride-vinyl chloride) PV(DF-A) film and a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film (PP-TENG) to harvest bio-mechanical energy and serve as the basketball training sensor. After experimental testing, the electron loss ability of the PV(DF-A) film is greater than that of a polyvinylidene fluoride film. Also, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current density (Jsc) of PP-TENG can get to 1856.4 V and 269 mA m−2, respectively. The PP-TENG can obtain a maximum power density of 130.28 W m−2. Moreover, the PP-TENG sensor can monitor various gait patterns of players in basketball and achieve auxiliary analysis of basketball training strategies. This research will promote the development of intelligent basketball training sensors.
The legacy environmental footprints of manufactured capital
Authors: Wang Ranran , Hertwich Edgar G. , Fishman Tomer , Deetman Sebastiaan , Behrens Paul , Chen Wei-qiang , de Koning Arjan , Xu Ming , Matus Kira , Ward Hauke , Tukker Arnold , Zimmerman Julie B. 
Published: June 2023

The foundations of today’s societies are provided by manufactured capital accumulation driven by investment decisions through time. Reconceiving how the manufactured assets are harnessed in the production–consumption system is at the heart of the paradigm shifts necessary for long-term sustainability. Our research integrates 50 years of economic and environmental data to provide the global legacy environmental footprint (LEF) and unveil the historical material extractions, greenhouse gas emissions, and health impacts accrued in today’s manufactured capital. We show that between 1995 and 2019, global LEF growth outpaced GDP and population growth, and the current high level of national capital stocks has been heavily relying on global supply chains in metals. The LEF shows a larger or growing gap between developed economies (DEs) and less-developed economies (LDEs) while economic returns from global asset supply chains disproportionately flow to DEs, resulting in a double burden for LDEs. Our results show that ensuring best practice in asset production while prioritizing well-being outcomes is essential in addressing global inequalities and protecting the environment. Achieving this requires a paradigm shift in sustainability science and policy, as well as in green finance decision-making, to move beyond the focus on the resource use and emissions of daily operations of the assets and instead take into account the long-term environmental footprints of capital accumulation.