bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NPS COMPOSITE BEAMS AND COLUMNS USED FOR THE ODENSE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: China Stefano , Tegon Aroldo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis document presents the case study of the Odense University Hospital, built with the NPS steel‐concrete composite frame. This is one of the most challenging projects currently in Europe: 250,000 square meters to be built in just over three years. The client has taken up the challenge of respecting timeframe and budget by focusing on offsite construction and digitalization of processes. Time constrains, safety and sustainability are the three main drivers of the project. Among these, the strict delivery time represents the main critical aspect. The expected turnkey delivery in 2022 assumed the choice of an extremely simple and fast construction method. Further advantages of using steel‐concrete composite structures with reference to the Odense University Hospital Case are explained.
CYCLIC BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE CONNECTIONS IN COMPOSITE FLOOR DIAPHRAGMS
Authors: Briggs Nicholas E. , Avellaneda‐Ramirez Raul E. , Coleman Kyle , Schafer Benjamin W. , Eatherton Matthew R. , Easterling W. Samuel , Hajjar Jerome F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis research explores the cyclic behavior and strength of the composite concrete‐filled steel deck diaphragm system through experimental pushout and cantilever diaphragm tests. This work is part of the Steel Diaphragm Innovation Initiative (SDII), a multi‐institutional project that is investigating the behavior of composite steel deck diaphragms in steel buildings structures in high seismic zones. Sixteen unique pushout tests were conducted at Northeastern University as part of SDII. These specimens had variations in the orientation of the steel deck, concrete density, effective slab width, shear stud position and grouping. Additionally, seven of these tests were cyclic. Eight cantilever diaphragm tests were conducted at Virginia Tech as part of SDII. The parameters included deck height, slab thickness, concrete density, layout of shear studs, and reinforcement. These experimental tests provide valuable knowledge that aids in the characterization of the behavior and strength prediction of this structural system.
EVALUATION OF THE PLASTIC DEFORMATION CAPACITY OF COMPOSITE BEAMS THROUGH THE CONNECTION COEFFICIENT
Authors: Shimada Yuko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor safer structural design, a simple index that describes the plastic deformation capacity of composite beams is needed, similar to the connection coefficient in the case of strength. In this study, the relationships between the plastic deformation capacity and strength under varying material properties and geometric shapes of concrete and steel members were considered through finite element analyses. Based on the obtained results, the plastic deformation factor was defined as the ratio of two rotation angles. The minimum value of the connection coefficient in composite beams corresponding to the ductility factor under severe earthquakes was determined because the plastic deformation factor can be used similar to the ductility factor. In addition, the minimum value of the connection coefficient in bare steel beams that will be safe even if a concrete slab is added was determined; therefore, the design of bare steel beams and composite beams are connected by the connection coefficient.
SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF PREFABRICATED CORE STEEL TUBE REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS
Authors: Zhang Y.X. , Liu Y. , Ruan J. , Wang P.Z. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrefabricated assembly accelerates the building construction process. A primary concern related to prefabricated assembly is the increased fragility of the connection between precast members compared to cast‐in‐situ members. On the other hand, core steel tube reinforced concrete (CSTRC) columns are increasingly being used in high‐rise structures to provide effective axial and lateral force resistance. This study proposes a prefabricated core steel tube reinforced concrete (PCSTRC) column which capitalizes on both the strength of the CSTRC column and the advantages of precast manufacturing, as shown in Fig. 1. The connection is designed to guarantee the integrity of the whole column. Two full‐scale PCSTRC columns with varying axial loads and two controlled specimens, namely a monolithic CSTRC column and a conventional reinforced concrete (RC) column, were fabricated and tested under quasi‐static cyclic loading in order to investigate their seismic performance. The test results demonstrate that all the columns experienced typical flexure‐controlled failure, while the PCSTRC columns suffered less visual damage than the monolithic controlled specimens. The PCSTRC column performed satisfactorily in terms of strength, stiffness, ductility, and general hysteretic behavior and had significantly greater load‐carrying and energy dissipation capacities than the conventional RC column. In addition, there were no apparent differences between the capacities of the CSTRC and PCSTRC columns. As axial load increased, the deformation capacity of the PCSTRC column decreased. Overall, the proposed prefabricated composite column demonstrates good seismic performance and can be considered for use in building construction.
DETERMINATION OF SLIP‐FACTOR BETWEEN FRICTION SHIMS AND SHOT‐BLASTED STEEL SURFACES
Authors: Yolaçan Taygun F. , Schäfer Markus 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the results of an experimental testing campaign performed to determine slip‐factor between the faying surfaces of shot‐blasted steel plates and state‐of‐the‐art friction shims. In total five experimental tests were performed as consistent with the provisions of EN1090‐2 Annex G to determine the slip‐factor between the faying surfaces. The results of the experimental test campaign showed that the surface roughness of the steel plates needs to be suitable for the selected type of the friction shims to enrich the slip‐resistance of the bolted‐connections. The test procedure was simulated with a commercial finite‐element analysis software, Abaqus, to compare the empirically determined slip‐factor and the penalty friction formulation of the software. It is shown that the slip‐factor definition of EN1090 – 2 Annex G fits in a very good agreement to the penalty friction formulation of the software to estimate the slip‐resistance of the bolted connections. The differences between the test results and the outputs of the finite element analysis are discussed in detail with a novel representation of non‐linear stick‐slip transition path for the slip‐resistant bolted connections. A further parametric study was performed to understand the impact of the geometric parameters on the slip‐resistance and the load‐slip behaviour of the faying surfaces.
Machine Learning Approaches for Phase Identification Using Process Variables in Batch Processes
Authors: Gärtler Marco , Hollender Martin , Klöpper Benjamin , Maczey Sylvia , Tan Ruomu , Song Chen , Bähner Franz David , Krämer Stefan , Just Gregor , Khaydarov Valentin , Urbas Leon , Gedda Rebecca 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpecialty and fine chemicals are often manufactured in multipurpose batch production plants. Compared to continuous production, these plants offer increased flexibility at the cost of operational complexity. A recipe defines the sequence and process parameters of different batch phases that are needed to transform raw materials into the desired product. In some plants detailed information about the executed recipe is not always captured by data acquisition systems. Knowledge of these phases is essential for optimizing quality and throughput. State‐of‐the‐art data‐driven machine learning techniques can recognize recurrent patterns in noisy time series data, enabling automatic labeling of batch phases based on widely available sensor data. In this review paper, we provide an overview of several machine learning approaches that can be used in an industrial setting.
Novel design of flow path spacers for reverse electrodialysis cell
Authors: Basu Suddhasatwa , Mahajan Criti 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReverse electrodialysis (RED) is one of the technologies used to harness ‘Blue Energy’, which is generated from the controlled separation of ions between salt water and fresh water through cation and anion exchange membranes (CEM/AEM) stack with end electrodes. The spacers present in between CEM and AEM allows the flow of salt and fresh water significantly affecting the fouling and concentration polarization in the RED cell. The present work focuses on improvement in flow path design, which may be used in place of mesh spacers in order to reduce pressure drop and enhance shear stress on the surface of the membrane to reduce concentration polarization. A three‐dimensional direct numerical simulation of the Navier–Stokes equation is conducted using Fluent 14.0 to analyze four different flow field designs, including serpentine, criss‐cross, rhombus, diamond, and standard mesh spacers. The simulation predicted closely the experimental data on pressure drop for the mesh spacers available in the literature. The present study points out that the diamond type flow field design, which combines characteristics of mesh spacers and flow field plates, gives lesser pressure drop per unit length with the increase in velocity within the same range of shear stress generated in mesh spacers. In other words, net power density of RED would improve with the use of diamond type spacer flow field with the decrease in concentration polarization loss and pumping power density.
Detection of multiple types of cancer driver mutations using targeted RNA sequencing in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ju Sheng , Cui Zihan , Hong Yuanyuan , Wang Xiaoqing , Mu Weina , Xie Zhuolin , Zeng Xuexia , Su Lin , Lin Xiaojing , Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Qi , Song Xiaofeng , You Songxia , Chen Ruixin , Chen Weizhi , Xu Chun , Zhao Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDNA‐based next‐generation sequencing has been widely used in the selection of target therapies for patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RNA‐based next‐generation sequencing has been proven to be valuable in detecting fusion and exon‐skipping mutations and is recommended by National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for these mutation types.MethodsThe authors developed an RNA‐based hybridization panel targeting actionable driver oncogenes in solid tumors. Experimental and bioinformatics pipelines were optimized for the detection of fusions, single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs), and insertion/deletion (indels). In total, 1253 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded samples from patients with NSCLC were analyzed by DNA and RNA panel sequencing in parallel to assess the performance of the RNA panel in detecting multiple types of mutations.ResultsIn analytical validation, the RNA panel achieved a limit of detection of 1.45–3.15 copies per nanogram for SNVs and 0.21–6.48 copies per nanogram for fusions. In 1253 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded NSCLC samples, the RNA panel identified a total of 124 fusion events and 26 MET exon 14‐skipping events, in which 14 fusions and six MET exon 14‐skipping mutations were missed by DNA panel sequencing. By using the DNA panel as the reference, the positive percent agreement and the positive predictive value of the RNA panel were 98.08% and 98.62%, respectively, for detecting targetable SNVs and 98.15% and 99.38%, respectively, for detecting targetable indels.ConclusionsParallel DNA and RNA sequencing analyses demonstrated the accuracy and robustness of the RNA sequencing panel in detecting multiple types of clinically actionable mutations. The simplified experimental workflow and low sample consumption will make RNA panel sequencing a potentially effective method in clinical testing.
Loads prediction and consolidation of virtual machines in cloud
Authors: Wu Hao , Chen Yuqi , Zhang Chi , Dong Jiangchao , Wang Yuxin 
Published: April 2023

SummaryVirtual machine (VM) consolidation is to assign a set of VMs requested by operators to the physical machines (PMs) in the data centers so that certain cost, profit or performance objective is optimized, subject to the PMs resource capacity constraints. It is an important mean to decrease the total power consumption by reducing the number of active physical machines (PM) in a cloud. In this context, most of the existing solutions rely on highly frequent live migration to reduce the number of active physical machines. However, live migration is a high resource consumption and time‐consuming operation, thus, frequent use of live migration not only increases energy consumption but also affects the stability of the physical machine, which in turn affects the services on the virtual machine. Reducing the number of active physical machines while reducing the number of live migrations is a major challenge in the face of massive fluctuating virtual machine loads. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, we present a VM consolidation algorithm for predictable loads (VCPL) to reduce the live migration operations. First, we present a cyclic usage prediction (CUP) method to predict the load in a whole cycle (a day) of a VM. Then, we separate the VMs with stable and cyclic load out from others and consolidate them to PMs by using VCPL to make sure each PM has a stable load. Thus, energy can be reduced by avoiding most of live migration operations, and the stability of the data center can be observably improved. We evaluate our solution through simulations on real‐world workloads, the results show that, 66% of long‐term VMs have stable and cyclic loads and are predictable, by using VCPL, the live migration operations occurring on the PMs which accommodate those VMs can be reduced significantly than other solutions.
How do hotel star ratings affect the relationship between environmental CSR and green word‐of‐mouth?
Authors: Lin Jialing (Catherine) , Zhou Zhimin , Zheng Fucheng , Jiang Xinru , Nguyen Ninh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHotels have increasingly engaged in environmentally responsible initiatives to demonstrate their commitment to environmental concerns and sustainable hospitality and tourism. These initiatives are expected to become even more popular in the context that the COVID‐19 crisis has driven people to further acknowledge the importance of the ecosystem. This study aims to examine how hotels' environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects customers' green word‐of‐mouth (WOM). Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze data from an online survey of 749 Chinese respondents. The findings reveal that hotels' environmental CSR indirectly enhances customers' green WOM intention via green perceived value (i.e., cognitive route) and green hotel pride (i.e., emotional route). Furthermore, the indirect effects of hotels' environmental CSR on customers' green WOM are more substantial for hotels with higher star ratings. These findings offer valuable insights for hoteliers to develop genuine environmentally responsible initiatives that can generate positive customer responses.
The prometastatic relevance of tumor‐infiltrating B lymphocytes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Missale Francesco , Bugatti Mattia , Marchi Filippo , Mandelli Giulio E , Bruni Maria , Palmerini Giulia , Monti Matilde , Bozzola Anna M , Arena Giorgio , Guastini Luca , Boggio Maurizio , Parrinello Giampiero , Peretti Giorgio , Vermi William 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesLaryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) typically have an excellent prognosis for stage I tumors but a significant risk of locoregional and distant recurrence for intermediate to advanced disease. This study will investigate the clinical relevance of the tumor microenvironment in a large cohort of treatment‐naïve patients affected by stage II–IV LSCC.MethodsWhole slide‐based digital pathology analysis was applied to measure six immune cell populations identified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for CD3, CD8, CD20, CD66b, CD163 and CD38. Survival analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazards models and unsupervised hierarchical clustering using the k‐means method. Double IHC staining and in‐situ hybridisation by RNAscope allowed further analysis of a protumoral B cell population.ResultsA cohort of 98 patients was enrolled and analysed. The cluster of immune‐infiltrated LSCCs demonstrated a significantly worse disease‐specific survival rate. We also discovered a new association between high CD20+ B cells and a greater risk of distant recurrence. The phenotypic analysis of infiltrating CD20+ B cells showed a naïve (BCL6−CD27−Mum1−) regulatory phenotype, producing TGFβ but not IL10, according to an active TGFβ pathway, as proved by positive pSMAD2 staining.ConclusionThe identification of regulatory B cells in the context of LSCC, along with the activation of the TGFβ pathway, could provide the basis for new trials investigating the efficacy of already available molecules targeting the TGFβ pathway in the treatment of LSCC.
Surface textures of detrital pyroxenes in coastal dune sands (western Gulf of Mexico, Mexico): Implications for their preservation and geoenvironmental processes
Authors: Kasper‐Zubillaga Juan J. , Martínez‐Serrano Raymundo Gerardo , Buchs David M. , Mendieta‐Lora Mauricio , Arellano‐Torres Elsa , Álvarez‐Sánchez León Felipe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work investigates how the surface textures and morphology of pyroxene grains evolve during their source‐to‐sink history. This study applies to detrital clinopyroxenes concentrated in coastal dune sands of the Gulf of Mexico which were sourced in the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt then transported and deposited in environments subject to limited chemical weathering. The composition and morphology of the pyroxenes was characterised using single‐grain geochemical analysis and surface texture imagery with a novel approach based on the compactness property to assess the shape of minerals. This reveals heterogenous diopside‐augite populations, displaying mineral morphologies dominantly controlled by impact breakage along cleavages, little physical abrasion along their edges and with limited evidence for chemical weathering. Mechanical surface textures dominate over mechanical/chemical and chemical surface textures. These mechanical surface textures are preserved primarily as flat cleavage surfaces and rounded edges inherited from fluvial‐intertidal and aeolian transport, respectively. Mechanically/chemically induced surface textures are preserved as elongated depressions. Chemical surface textures are sparse and mostly represented by mammillated textures that suggest local dissolution under subaqueous conditions. The scarcity of chemical surface textures is attributed to frequent fragmentation of the clinopyroxenes along cleavages and limited chemical weathering during transport of the observed populations. Clinopyroxene grains in the coastal dune sands primarily retain surface characteristics from fluvial transport. Although the breakage of minerals along cleavages can obscure their original morphology under a weathering‐limited erosion regime, this study shows how surface textures and morphology of pyroxene grains is used to determine episodes of transport and deposition close to volcanic environments. The use of the compactness property as a shape descriptor measurement of particles provides an alternative approach to observe how clinopyroxene remains unaltered despite the high energy conditions of the coastal area.
Effects of anesthesia exposure on postnatal maturation of white matter in rhesus monkeys
Authors: Tomlinson Chalmer , Vlasova Roza , Al‐Ali Khalid , Young Jeffrey T. , Shi Yundi , Lubach Gabriele R. , Alexander Andrew L. , Coe Christopher L. , Styner Martin , Fine Jason 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is increasing concern about the potential effects of anesthesia exposure on the developing brain. The effects of relatively brief anesthesia exposures used repeatedly to acquire serial magnetic resonance imaging scans could be examined prospectively in rhesus macaques. We analyzed magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of 32 rhesus macaques (14 females, 18 males) aged 2 weeks to 36 months to assess postnatal white matter (WM) maturation. We investigated the longitudinal relationships between each DTI property and anesthesia exposure, taking age, sex, and weight of the monkeys into consideration. Quantification of anesthesia exposure was normalized to account for variation in exposures. Segmented linear regression with two knots provided the best model for quantifying WM DTI properties across brain development as well as the summative effect of anesthesia exposure. The resulting model revealed statistically significant age and anesthesia effects in most WM tracts. Our analysis indicated there were major effects on WM associated with low levels of anesthesia even when repeated as few as three times. Fractional anisotropy values were reduced across several WM tracts in the brain, indicating that anesthesia exposure may delay WM maturation, and highlight the potential clinical concerns with even a few exposures in young children.
Acidity promotes the differentiation of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells
Authors: Tuomela Karoliina , Levings Megan K 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe metabolic milieu is emerging as a major contributing factor in the maintenance of the immunosuppressive microenvironment within tumors. In particular, the presence of lactic acid produced by highly glycolytic cancer cells is known to suppress antitumor immune cell subsets while promoting immunosuppressive cell populations, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs). Unlike conventional T cells, Tregs have a unique, potent ability to take up lactic acid to fuel both mitochondrial metabolism and gluconeogenesis, thus supporting suppressive function and proliferation. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology [Eur. J. Immunol. 2023.53:2250258], Rao et al. uncover a novel mechanism by which lactic acid can support Treg accumulation within tumors in mice. This study shows that lactic acid, through a pH‐dependent mechanism rather than lactate itself, promotes TGFβ‐induced differentiation of Tregs from conventional CD4+ T cells. These findings build on the already multifaceted role of lactic acid in maintaining an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.