bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Base-Actuated Three-Rhombus Configured Remote Center of Motion Mechanism for Lumbar Puncture
Authors: Duan Yuzhou , Ling Jie , Feng Zhao , Yao Daojin , Zhu Yuchuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Owing to the advantages of safety and reproducibility, remote center of motion (RCM) mechanisms are widely adopted in lumbar puncture (LP) procedures to guide the insertion angle and depth of the end effector. However, the proximal-actuated pattern in existing RCM mechanisms occupies a large space near the end effector, which obstructs the visual field and increases the system inertia. In this work, a base-actuated three-rhombus configured RCM mechanism for LP operation is first proposed, where the symmetric three-rhombus scheme is designed for motion transmission. As a result, the rotational and translational motions of the needle are respectively realized through the homodromous and heterodromous actuation of the two base-mounted motors. Kinematic models are established to analyze the manipulability, singularity, and workspace of the RCM mechanism theoretically. The parameter optimization procedure is provided to minimize the footprint of the RCM mechanism. Experimental results show that the mechanism reaches an insertion angle from −29.2 deg to 29.2 deg, a maximum insertion depth of 60.02 mm, and a footprint of 4.98 × 104 mm2. The relative error of the RCM point is 1.1 mm.
Nuclear Valves
Authors: Jolly Guy A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter describes how the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code requirements are implemented for safety-related nuclear valves. It explains the relevancy of the ASME Code requirements for safety-related nuclear valves using the latest issue of the Code. The chapter discusses the role of system and component design engineers, as well as the integrity of the Manufacturer. It provides a historical perspective for the Code rules, cross-referencing other Subsections of the Code. The chapter states that the Owner’s responsibilities for system design play an important part in establishing the rules applicable to the Design Specification for each safety-related valve. It also covers the operational and qualification requirements for the procurement of these items from the Manufacturer. The chapter discusses these items for different service conditions with the aid of schematics and references. It then provides details of the ASME B16.34 historical development and provides the current reference dimensional standards from the 2013 and 2015 editions of the Code for use in the construction of “N” stamped valves based on the Code’s B16.34 reference. A list of widely used Valve Standards referenced in ASME B31 Piping Codes is also presented. The coverage on pressure-relief valves includes details on activity underway at Section III to clarify requirements related to pilot-operated and power-actuated pressure relief valves. It also includes details relevant to QME-1 relating to qualification testing required for active valves used in nuclear power plants.

History
Late Douglas B. Nickerson was the original author of this chapter. Marcus N. Bressler updated the second edition and third editions. Guy A. Jolly, updated this chapter specific to valves for 4th edition and 5th editions. The current online edition was updated by Jason Lambin and the ASME Working Group on Valves.
Subsection NE—Class MC Components
Authors: Reedy Roger F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides a summary of some of the significant requirements of the ASME Code Section III, Subsection NE Class MC vessels, and a commentary on these requirements. It begins with an overview of the scope of Subsection NE and the boundaries of its jurisdiction. The chapter then outlines the general material requirements for Class MC vessels that are specified in Article NE-2000. This is followed by a discussion on material toughness requirements and design and analysis requirements. The chapter provides information on Certified Material Test Reports and on certifications that must be performed by engineers who prepare design and overpressure protection reports. The chapter then describes the rules for the following analyses of containment vessels as defined in Subsection NE: fatigue analysis, buckling analysis, design by analysis, and plastic analysis. An outline of the rules for reinforcement of cone-to-cylinder junctions, overpressure protection, bolted flange connections, and welded connections, is also presented. The closing pages cover the following topics: tolerance requirements for some commonly used shells; fabrication requirements for each weld category as specified in NE-4240; welding procedure qualification; rules for marking, examining, and repairing welds; and nondestructive testing personnel qualification and certification. A number of Code Cases and references regarding the rules of Subsection NE are cited, with cross-references to other Code Sections and Subsections.

History
Kamran Mokhtarian was the original author of this chapter and revised it for the second edition. Roger Reedy updated it for the third through current online edition.
Functions, advantages and challenges facing private healthcare organisations in China’s healthcare system: a qualitative analysis through open-ended questionnaires
Authors: Wang Meijiao , Chen Xiaotong , Sun Yu , Wang Qi , Liu Gordon 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesThe medical reform in 2009 stimulated the growth of private healthcare organisations in China, but there is still room for their further development in the healthcare market. The objectives of the study were to provide more information about the healthcare market in China and to explore the challenges private healthcare organisations faced.DesignQualitative descriptive study using a web-based open-ended questionnaire and thematic content analysis. Data were collected between 12 February and 20 February 2020.SettingThis study was conducted in China.Participants124 respondents from private healthcare organisations across 20 provinces in China.ResultsOur content analysis identified three themes: (1) functioning and positioning of the healthcare institutions: current private healthcare organisations generally serve as a supplement to public hospitals and focus more on specialised medical and high-end services; (2) institutions’ advantages: private healthcare organisations can flexibly respond to market demands, formulate effective strategies, introduce advanced management concepts and methods, provide personalised and diversified services, and introduce new technologies which can stimulate market vitality and promote healthy competition; and (3) institutions’ challenges: private healthcare organisations face difficulties in professional development and talent cultivation, branding and establishing a reputation, and the policies for institution establishment, tax and medical insurance pose drawbacks to their development.ConclusionThis study illustrates that private healthcare organisations need more government support for further development, such as providing a fairer insurance strategy and taxation policy, affording ground for a more equitable scientific research environment and promotion opportunities, and evaluating reputation score for healthcare institutions.
Acupuncture for protracted opioid abstinence syndrome: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Tao , Zeng Yi Wei , Zhang Feng , Zhou Xin , Ren Yulan 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionProtracted opioid abstinence syndrome (POAS) refers to a series of physical discomforts and neuropsychiatric symptoms after discontinuation of opioid-type substances for a certain amount of time and is one of the main causes of relapse. Studies have shown that acupuncture is effective in the treatment of POAS. We plan to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for POAS.Methods and analysisA comprehensive search of studies will be carried out in the following databases from inception to 31 January 2023: Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Chinese Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Database and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP). WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ClinicalTrials.gov and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry will also be searched for ongoing relevant trials, and ‘grey literatures’ will be identified from GreyNet International, OpenGrey and Google Scholar. Randomised controlled trials regarding acupuncture therapy for treatment of POAS will be included. The primary outcome is the severity of protracted withdrawal symptoms. Two reviewers will screen studies using the inclusion criteria, extract data and assess the risk of bias, respectively. The quality of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Data synthesis will be performed using RevMan V.5.4.1.Ethics and disseminationThis study will not invade patients' personal privacy, and so ethical review is not required. The results will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022382978.
Availability of cytotoxic medicines in the WHO essential medicine list used in treating childhood malignancies in low-income and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Seneviwickrama Maheeka , Gunasekera Sanjeeva , Liyanage Guwani , Heiyanthuduwa Wasana , Jayakody Surangi 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionCancer is a leading cause of death globally with childhood cancers accounting for around 5% of the total incidence. Almost 90% of childhood cancers are recorded from low-income and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs), where survival rates are comparatively low. The unavailability of essential medicines for childhood cancers is identified as a reason for this observed health inequity. The objectives of this review are to describe the availability of cytotoxic medicines in the WHO essential medicine list (EML) used in treating children with cancer in LLMICs and to determine the enablers and barriers to accessing WHO essential medicines for childhood cancer.Methods and analysisA systematic review will be conducted using electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL. Additional articles and grey literature will be searched in Google Scholar and reference list of the selected articles. It will include primary studies, national/regional reports and policy documents. Review questions will be framed into different components according to the ECLIPSe framework. Children less than 19 years of age diagnosed with any malignant disorder in LLMICs will be the client group. Studies that have focused on the availability of EML for adult malignancies and care providers’ knowledge of EML for childhood malignancies will not be considered. Only the studies reported in the English language will be included. Mixed methods Appraisal Tool will be used to assess the quality of included studies. Data will be presented as a narrative synthesis.Ethics and disseminationThis research is exempt from ethics approval because the work is carried out on published documents. Findings of this review will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal for the authorities in LLMICs to understand the magnitude of the problem and to identify enablers and barriers to take evidence based decisions to improve their health system.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022334156.
Impact of remuneration, extrinsic and intrinsic incentives on interprofessional primary care teams: protocol for a rapid scoping review
Authors: Aggarwal Monica , Hutchison Brian , Kokorelias Kristina Marie , Mehta Kavita , Greenberg Leslie , Moran Kimberly , Barber David , Samson Kevin 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionInterprofessional teams and funding and payment provider arrangements are key attributes of high-performing primary care. Several Canadian jurisdictions have introduced team-based models with different payment models. Despite these investments, the evidence of impact is mixed. This has raised questions about whether team-based primary care models are being implemented to facilitate team collaboration and effectiveness. Thus, we present a protocol for a rapid scoping review to systematically map, synthesise and summarise the existing literature on the impact of provider remuneration mechanisms and extrinsic and intrinsic incentives in team-based primary care. This review will answer three research questions: (1) What is the impact of provider remuneration models on team, patient, provider and system outcomes in primary care?; (2) What extrinsic and intrinsic incentives have been used in interprofessional primary care teams?; and (3) What is the impact of extrinsic and intrinsic team-based incentives on team, patient, provider and system outcomes?Methods and analysisWe will conduct a rapid scoping review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews guidelines. We will search electronic databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EconLit) and grey literature sources (Google Scholar, Google). This review will consider all empirical studies and full-text English-language articles published between 2000 and 2022. Reviewers will independently perform the literature search, data extraction and synthesis of included studies. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool will be used to appraise the quality of evidence. The literature will be synthesised, summarised and mapped to themes that answer the research question of this review.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. Findings from this study will be written for publication in an open-access peer-review journal and presented at national and international conferences. Knowledge users are part of the research team and will assist with disseminating findings to the public, clinicians, funders and professional associations.
Rehabilitation outcomes for people with lung cancer (UNITE): protocol for the development of a core outcome set
Authors: Edbrooke Lara , Granger Catherine L , Francis Jill J , John Tom , Kaadan Nasreen , Halloran Emma , Connolly Bronwen , Denehy Linda 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionWith treatment-related improvements in survival, rehabilitation is essential to improve function and health-related quality of life and manage the high symptom burden associated with lung cancer. Despite this, significant heterogeneity exists in the outcomes and instruments used to evaluate lung cancer rehabilitation programme impact. This study aims to develop a core set of clinically relevant lung cancer rehabilitation outcomes for use in clinical practice.Methods and analysisAn international Delphi consensus study involving consumer, healthcare professional and researcher stakeholders to determine which outcomes to include and how to measure these. Stage 1 (preliminary): mixed methods to develop the potential list of outcomes (1) overview of systematic reviews of lung cancer exercise interventions and (2) focus groups and individual interviews with people with lung cancer. Stage 2: outcomes were grouped according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domains. Stage 3: to determine priority outcomes for core outcome set (COS) inclusion participants will rate each outcome’s importance (one-nine-point Likert scale) over two-three survey rounds. Stage 4: following review by the steering committee, a consensus meeting will be held if agreement on the COS has not been reached.Stage 5: recommendations will be made regarding a single instrument for measuring each COS outcome by reviewing existing resources where consensus has already been reached. Where resources do not exist the quality and feasibility of potential measurement instruments will be appraised, and the Delphi consensus survey and meeting process outlined in stages 3–4 will be repeated.This protocol adheres to the COS-Standardised Protocol statement and will be conducted and reported according to the COS-Standards for Development recommendations and the COS-Standards for Reporting.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval (20/9/22, University of Melbourne ID 2022-24839-32231-3). Dissemination in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.
Recommendations for endotracheal tube insertion depths in children
Authors: Ebenebe Chinedu Ulrich , Schriever Kristina , Apostolidou Sofia , Wolf Monika , Herrmann Jochen , Singer Dominique , Deindl Philipp 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundEndotracheal tube (ETT) malposition is frequent in paediatric intubation. The current recommendations for ETT insertion depths are based on formulae that hold various limitations. This study aimed to develop age-based, weight-based and height-based curve charts and tables for ETT insertion depth recommendations in children.MethodsIn this retrospective single-centre study, we determined the individual optimal ETT insertion depths in paediatric patients by evaluating postintubation radiographic images. Age-based, weight-based and height-based ETT insertion depth recommendations were developed using regression analysis. We compared the insertion depths predicted by the models with previously published formulae.ResultsIntubations of 167 children (0–17.9 years) were analysed. Best-fit curves generated with logistic regression analysis revealed R2values between 0.784 and 0.880. The insertion depths predicted by the models corresponded well with published age-based and height-based formulae. However, they demonstrated the unsuitability of weight-related linear formulae to predict ETT depth in children.ConclusionThe recommendations developed in this study facilitate a fast and accurate determination of recommended ETT insertion depths in children. Our recommendations provide greater accuracy than previously published formulae and demonstrate that weight-related linear formulae are unsuitable for predicting ETT depth in children.
Psychological symptoms do not discriminate between reflux phenotypes along the organic-functional refractory GERD spectrum
Authors: Geeraerts Annelies , Guadagnoli Livia , Pauwels Ans , Geysen Hannelore , Neyens Thomas , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Vanuytsel Tim , Tack Jan 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveHistorically, psychological processes are associated with disorders at the functional end of the gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) spectrum. However, recent research suggests that psychological symptoms are relevant across theentireGERD spectrum. We aim to investigate whether psychological symptoms are associated with reflux phenotype (True GERD, Borderline GERD, reflux hypersensitivity, functional heartburn) along the GERD spectrum in a cohort of refractory reflux patients.DesignConsecutive adult patients with refractory reflux symptoms underwent standard 24-hour pH-impedance monitoring and completed questionnaires assessing demographic, clinical and psychological information. Bayesian one-way analysis of variance assessed whether psychological variables differed across reflux phenotypes. Next, we applied multinomial and ordinal logistic regressions with clinical, demographic and psychological variables set as independent variables and reflux phenotype as the outcome variable. The complementary machine-learning approach entered all demographic, clinical and psychological variables into models, with reflux phenotype set nominally and ordinally. Cross-validated model performance was used to select the best model.Results393 participants (mean (SD) age=48.5 (14.1); 60% female) were included. The Bayesian analyses found no difference in psychological variables across reflux phenotypes. Similarly, age, gender and proton pump inhibitor use were the only significant variables in the multinomial logistic regression and body mass index was significant in both regressions. Machine-learning analyses revealed poorly performing models with high misclassification rates (67–68%) in both models.ConclusionPsychological symptoms do not differ between nor predict reflux phenotype membership in refractory reflux patients. Findings suggest that psychological symptoms are relevant across the spectrum of GERD, rather than specific to functional oesophageal disorders.
Impact of poor air quality while deployed on respiratory health: a systematic review
Authors: Williams Lucy G , Ross D 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionBritish military personnel deploy internationally to areas with high levels of ambient air pollution. Air pollution can cause acute respiratory symptoms which lead to concern about potential long-lasting health effects. There is a requirement for evidence-based policy on chronic respiratory disease associated with military deployments to areas with poor air quality (AQ). This literature review examines the published evidence relating to the development of chronic respiratory disease in military personnel after exposure to poor AQ while deployed.MethodsA literature search was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Embase, MEDLINE and Global health databases were searched for English language studies published since 2014 examining the respiratory health of military personnel deployed to Southwest Asia since 2001. A quality appraisal of selected articles was conducted using the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme checklist and a descriptive review completed.ResultsEleven studies were found, eight of which had objective outcome measures. Two prospective cohort studies were included; the remainder of the data were retrospective.ConclusionHigh rates of respiratory symptoms are reported by personnel who deploy to areas of poor AQ, giving rise to high levels of concern. Spirometry testing has found mild deficits, mostly of an obstructive nature, in a third of those with ongoing symptoms post deployment. These have not been consistently linked with deployment length. An increased risk of asthma appears to be multi-factorial in aetiology and there is no evidence for an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or histological pathology post deployment. At present, there is no definitive evidence of chronic respiratory disease due to exposure to poor AQ while deployed. Further objective longitudinal studies are required to continue to investigate the association, diagnosis and management of those with ongoing symptoms.
AGATA phase 2 advancements in front-end electronics
Authors: Collado J. , Capra S. , Pullia A. , Karkour N. , Houarner Ch. , Gonzalez V. , Wittwer G. , Boujrad A. , Kogimtzis M. , Lawson J. , Goasduff A. , Stezowski O. , Bonnin Ch. , Charles L. , Alaphilippe V. , Dosme N. , Esnault C. , Gibelin L. , Lafay X. , Legay E. , Linget D. , Cahoreau M. , Sidler D. , Vinther-Jørgensen G. , Civera J. V. , Duchêne G. , Clément E. , Lazarus I. , Gadea A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe AGATA collaboration has a long-standing leadership in the development of front-end electronics for high resolution $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray spectroscopy using large volume high purity germanium detectors. For two decades, the AGATA collaboration has been developing state-of-the-art digital electronics processing with high resolution sampling ADC, high-speed signal transfer and fast readout to a high throughput computing (HTC) farm for on-line pulse shape analysis. The collaboration is presently addressing the next challenge of equipping a 4$$\pi $$
π
array with more than 6000 channels in high resolution mode, generating approximately 10 MHz of total trigger requests, coupled to a large variety of complementary instruments. A next generation of front-end electronics, presently under design, is based on industrial products (System on Module FPGA’s), has higher integration and lower power consumption. In this contribution, the conceptual design of the new electronics is presented. The results of the very first tests of the pre-production electronics are presented as well as future perspectives.