bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fishing vessel operational behaviour identification method based on 1D CNN-LSTM
Authors: Xia Rongfei , Xu Lijie , Xu Yiqun , Chen Yifei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The identification of fishing vessel operations holds significant importance in addressing fishing industry issues, such as overfishing and illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUUF). Many countries utilise data from vessel monitoring systems (VMSs) or automatic identification systems (AISs) to monitor fishing activities. These data include vessel trajectories, headings and speeds, among others. We aimed to analyse the fishing behaviours of three types of fishing gear used by vessels (trawl, purse seine and gill net) and identify the types of gear employed by the vessels. Therefore, a 1D CNN-LSTM fishing vessel operational behaviour prediction model was proposed by combining a one-dimensional convolutional (1D CNN) neural network and a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. The model utilises 1D CNN to extract local features from fishing vessel trajectories and employs LSTM to capture the time series information in the data, eventually classifying fishing gears. The results show that the proposed model achieves a classification accuracy of 92% in categorising fishing vessel operational trajectories. This study significantly contributes to preventing IUUF, curtailing overfishing, and enhancing fisheries management strategies.
Comparing market instruments for forest conservation in Brazil using farm-level census data
Authors: DePaula Guilherme , Veloso Leandro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Almost 40 per cent of Brazil's native vegetation is located on over five million private properties. This study assesses the potential of agricultural land taxes and tradable forest certificates for conserving Brazil's fragmented native vegetation across commercial farms, using micro census data from 2006 and 2017. We explore the variability of optimal tax rates and market prices for forest certificates, revealing a supply-demand imbalance in the Amazon and high sensitivity of conservation outcomes to changes in farmland opportunity costs, especially in productive areas. Despite a more positively skewed distribution of opportunity costs by 2017, market outcomes remained unaffected. Notably, expanding the market to include the Amazon's agricultural frontier microregions could achieve 45 per cent of the conservation target. Our analysis underscores the interplay between market-based conservation mechanisms and regional agricultural economics, highlighting the need for tailored approaches to optimize conservation efforts.
Modular Composition: An approach towards structural plasticity in music
Authors: Lynch Samuel , English Helen , Scott Nathan , Drummond Jon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article considers modular composition as an approach to engendering structural plasticity in musical works. Structural plasticity, in this case, is defined as the ability for the components of a musical work (e.g., events, ideas, sequences, textures, timbres) to vary in how and when they are presented. In this research, modular composition is the process for creating a collection of individual musical ideas (e.g., sequences, patterns, phrases) termed ‘modules’, and designing a dynamic system for their assembly into cohesive structures. This approach results in musical works that exist in a state of constant structural flux, allowing for real-time alteration while progressing beyond similar existing approaches observed in video game music and interactive music apps, from which this research takes inspiration. Approaches involving compositionally focused intelligent music systems are also observed, highlighting how modular composition bridges traditional compositional practices and the design of interactive music systems. Two of the authors’ own works are discussed with regard to how modular composition can be implemented in varying creative ways. The outcome of this work illuminates the creative possibilities of integrating traditional compositional practices with new digital approaches to arrive at a more structurally plastic and alterable form of music.
Addressing the Negative Externalities of Trade: Flanking Policies and the Role of Package Treaties
Authors: Shaffer Gregory 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article examines the rationales for addressing sustainability and social inclusion in trade policy and the tradeoffs among imperfect institutional choices in doing so through ‘flanking policies’. It examines three types of negative spillovers or externalities implicated by trade: material, moral, and social/political. Section 1 defines terms and sets forth the argument. Section 2 typologizes the three categories of negative externalities and then highlights the challenges posed for flanking measures given the reciprocal nature of externalities. It respectively addresses environmental harms and labor and social inclusion concerns. Section 3 assesses different institutional alternatives for addressing negative externalities, dividing them between domestic measures targeted at protecting domestic concerns and international ones, such as package treaties. Section 4 shows how the concept of a flanking measure can be flipped, so that environmental sustainability and social inclusion become the core and trade measures become the flanking policies. Section 5 concludes.
Operationalizing Package Treaties: A US Case Study
Authors: Claussen Kathleen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article studies the incorporation of package treaties in domestic law and administrative practice, including the functions these treaties serve once in force. This sketch of the domestic operationalization offers a window into the institutional design choices that shape how lawmakers craft the regulatory ecosystem in which flanking policies are carried out. The typology for understanding how governments situate package treaties in their domestic regulatory spaces is introduced, arguing that the ‘package’ of legally binding trade liberalization commitments and mutually agreed flanking policies is shaped by both legislative and regulatory choices that are often underestimated and overlooked. DUS trade agreements are used as a case study, finding that the US government's treatment of each of its trade agreements tends to follow a common pattern: only a small part of the agreement is transposed into domestic law; complex and robust institutions are built around the agreement to embed it deeply into the trade policy work of the executive branch; and, the entrenchment of US trade agreements has a significant enabling effect across a wide range of cross-border regulatory engagements that US agencies think of as ‘monitoring’ or ‘enforcing’, among other labels. Finally, the policy choices against the goals laid out by proponents of package treaties are assessed.
A systematic literature review of real-world evidence (RWE) on post-market assessment of medical devices
Authors: Manetti Stefania , Guidotti Elisa , Vola Federico , Vainieri Milena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The increasing use of real-world evidence (RWE) and real-world data (RWD) to assess post-market medical devices (MDs) might satisfy the urgent need for data sharing and traceability. This study sought to (i) get an overview of current practice in post-market assessments of MDs reporting on RWE/RWD; (ii) draw policy recommendations for governments and health organisations and identify a research agenda for scholars.
A systematic review was undertaken until February 2024 following the PRISMA guidelines. Original peer-reviewed articles in English and incorporating RWE/RWD into any sort of post-market assessment strategy for an MD were included and their reference lists manually checked. A narrative synthesis was employed to describe evidence retrieved.
Totally, 145 research articles were identified. Administrative databases were mostly utilised; clinical and/or economic evidence gathered in a short/medium time horizon the most frequently reported; other evidence types (e.g., organisational) underreported; patient perspectives rarely incorporated; the innovation complexity of MDs relatively low.
To our knowledge, this study is the first in its kind to provide a comprehensive picture of how non-randomised evidence has been used when assessing MDs working in real-life conditions. The implications of this review might help health policy scholars in addressing the avenues for research in RWE for MDs and policy-makers to better understand the risks and benefits of medium and long-term use of MDs alongside clinical practice and make more informed decisions about adoption and use.
Response to critics of Open and Inclusive: Fair Processes for Financing Universal Health Coverage
Authors: Voorhoeve Alex , Dale Elina , Gopinathan Unni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In response to our critics, we clarify and defend key ideas in the report Open and Inclusive: Fair Processes for Financing Universal Health Coverage. First, we argue that procedural fairness has greater value than Dan Hausman allows. Second, we argue that the Report aligns with John Kinuthia's view that a knowledgeable public and a capable civil society, alongside good facilitation, are important for effective public deliberation. Moreover, we agree with Kinuthia that the Report's framework for procedural fairness applies not merely within the health sector, but also to the wider budget process. Third, we argue that while Dheepa Rajan and Benjamin Rouffy-Ly are right that robust processes for equal participation are often central to a fair process, sometimes improvements in other aspects of procedural fairness, such as transparency, can take priority over strengthening participation. Fourth, while we welcome Sara Bennett and Maria Merritt's fascinating use of the Report's principles of procedural fairness to assess the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, we argue that their application of the Report's principle of equality to development partners' decision-making requires further justification.
Interrelationships between social exclusion, mental health and wellbeing in adolescents: insights from a national Youth Survey
Authors: Filia K. , Teo S. M. , Brennan N. , Freeburn T. , Baker D. , Browne V. , Watson A. , Menssink J. , Prasad A. , Killackey E. , McGorry P. D. , Cotton S. M. , Gao C. X. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
Adolescence is a critical developmental phase during which young people are vulnerable to the experiences of mental ill-health and social exclusion (consisting of various domains including education and employment, housing, finances and social supports and relationships). The aims of this study were to (i) obtain an understanding of the relationships between social exclusion, mental health and wellbeing of young people; and (ii) identify potentially modifiable targets, or population groups that require greater or targeted supports.

Methods
Data were obtained from the Mission Australia 2022 Youth Survey, Australia’s largest annual population-wide survey of young people aged 15–19 years (n = 18,800). Participants’ experiences of social exclusion in different domains were explored (e.g., prevalence, co-occurrence and controlling for differences in demographic characteristics). Multivariable linear regression models were used to map the relationships between social exclusion domains and mental health and wellbeing, controlling for confounding factors where necessary.

Results
Sixty per cent of all young people experienced social exclusion in at least one domain, 25% in multiple. Young people who identified as gender diverse, Indigenous, living in a remote/rural or socio-economically disadvantaged area and with a culturally diverse background were more likely to report social exclusion. A strong association was seen between all domains of social exclusion and poor mental health (e.g., higher psychological distress and loneliness, reduced personal wellbeing, reduced sense of control over their life and a more negative outlook on the future). Notably, difficulties in socialising and obtaining social support were critical factors linked to increased psychological distress and reduced wellbeing.

Conclusions
Findings underscore the need to address multiple domains of social exclusion concurrently, and in collaboration with youth mental healthcare. Prevention efforts aimed at early identification and intervention should be prioritised to support young people vulnerable to social exclusion. Screening approaches are needed to identify individuals and groups of young people in need of support, and to facilitate care coordination across multiple providers.
Confirmation of glyphosate-resistant waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) in New York
Authors: Kumar Vipan , Aulakh Jatinder , Stanyard Mike , Hunter Mike , Brown Bryan , Sosnoskie Lynn , Jhala Amit J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Waterhemp has become a serious management challenge for New York (NY) field crop growers. Two putative glyphosate-resistant (GR) waterhemp populations (NY1 and NY2) were collected in 2023 from two soybean fields in Seneca County, NY. The objectives of this research were to (1) confirm and characterize the level of glyphosate resistance in waterhemp populations from NY relative to a known glyphosate-susceptible Nebraska (NE_SUS) population and (2) evaluate the efficacy of various postemergence (POST) herbicides for GR waterhemp control. Based on the shoot dry weight reductions (GR50 values) in a dose-response study, the NY1 and NY2 populations exhibited 5.6- to 8.3-fold resistance to glyphosate compared with the NE_SUS population. In a separate study, POST herbicides such as dicamba, glufosinate, lactofen, and 2,4-D applied alone or in a mixture with glyphosate or glufosinate had provided 89% to 99% control and ≥ 97% shoot dry weight reduction of NY1 and NY2 populations 21 days after treatment (DAT). Greater than 98% control of the NE_SUS population was achieved with tested POST herbicides, except mesotrione (62% control). Furthermore, atrazine, chlorimuron + thifensulfuron, and mesotrione were the least effective in controlling NY1 and NY2 populations (42% to 59% control and 50% to 67% shoot dry weight reductions, respectively). These results confirm the first report of GR waterhemp in NY. Growers should adopt effective alternative POST herbicides tested in this study to manage GR waterhemp.
Classroom air quality in a randomized crossover trial with portable HEPA air cleaners
Authors: Simona Shayna C. , Bartell Scott M. , Vieira Verónica M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Children living in communities with lower socioeconomic status and higher minority populations are often disproportionately exposed to particulate matter (PM) compared to children living in other communities.

Objective
We assessed whether adding HEPA filter air cleaners to classrooms with existing HVAC systems reduces indoor air pollution exposure.

Methods
From July 2022 to June 2023, using a block randomized crossover trial of 17 Los Angeles Unified School District elementary schools, classroom PM concentrations were monitored and compared for 99 classrooms with HEPA filter air cleaners and 87 classrooms with non-HEPA filter air cleaners.

Results
In HEPA classrooms, average school-year PM2.5 was 39.9% lower (0.581 µg/m³; p < 0.001) and infiltration of outdoor PM2.5 into classrooms was 13.8–82.4% lower than non-HEPA classrooms, depending on the school.

Impact

Few studies have examined HEPA filtration in a classroom environment, and this is one of the first studies since the COVID-19 pandemic to assess PM exposure in the classroom. Using a well powered block randomized crossover trial, we showed that adding portable HEPA air cleaners to classrooms that already had HVAC systems with MERV 13 air filters resulted in lower measurable PM concentrations and less infiltration of outdoor PM2.5 compared to control classrooms with non-HEPA filters. This demonstrates that further improvements in classroom air quality, especially in environmentally burdened communities, can be achieved with additional filtration.
Associations between biomarkers of inflammation and depressive symptoms—potential differences between diabetes types and symptom clusters of depression
Authors: Herder Christian , Zhu Anna , Schmitt Andreas , Spagnuolo Maria C. , Kulzer Bernhard , Roden Michael , Hermanns Norbert , Ehrmann Dominic 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInflammation is a probable biological pathway underlying the relationship between diabetes and depression, but data on differences between diabetes types and symptom clusters of depression are scarce. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to compare associations of a multimarker panel of biomarkers of inflammation with depressive symptoms and its symptom clusters between people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This cross-sectional study combined data from five studies including 1260 participants (n = 706 T1D, n = 454 T2D). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Serum levels of 92 biomarkers of inflammation were quantified with proximity extension assay technology. After quality control, 76 biomarkers of inflammation remained for statistical analysis. Associations between biomarkers and depressive symptom scores and clusters (cognitive-affective, somatic, anhedonia) were estimated with multivariable linear regression models. Nine biomarkers were positively associated with depressive symptoms in the total sample (CCL11/eotaxin, CCL25, CDCP1, FGF-21, IL-8, IL-10RB, IL-18, MMP-10, TNFRSF9; all p < 0.05) without interaction by diabetes type. Associations differed for eight biomarkers (pinteraction < 0.05). TNFβ was inversely associated with depressive symptoms in T1D, whereas three biomarkers (GDNF, IL-18R1, LIF-R) were positively associated with depressive symptoms in T2D. For the remaining four biomarkers (CD6, CD244, FGF-5, IFNγ) associations were not significant in either subgroup. Biomarker associations were more pronounced with somatic and anhedonia than with cognitive-affective symptoms. These results indicate that different proinflammatory pathways may contribute to depression in T1D and T2D and that there may be a symptom specificity in the link between subclinical inflammation and depression.
The role of direct air capture in achieving climate-neutral aviation
Authors: Brazzola Nicoletta , Meskaldji Amir , Patt Anthony , Tröndle Tim , Moretti Christian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGrowing demand for air travel and limited scalable solutions pose significant challenges to the mitigation of aviation’s climate change impact. Direct air capture (DAC) may gain prominence due to its versatile applications for either carbon removal (direct air carbon capture and storage, DACCS) or synthetic fuel production (direct air carbon capture and utilization, DACCU). Through a comprehensive and time-dynamic techno-economic assessment, we explore the conditions for synthetic fuels from DACCU to become cost-competitive with an emit-and-remove strategy based on DACCS under 2050 CO2 and climate neutrality targets. We find that synthetic fuels could achieve climate neutrality at lower cost than an emit-and-remove strategy due to their ability to cost-effectively mitigate contrails. Under demand reductions, contrail avoidance, and CO2 neutrality targets the cost advantage of synthetic fuels weakens or disappears. Low electricity cost (€0.02 kWh-1) and high fossil kerosene prices (€0.9 l-1) can favor synthetic fuels’ cost-competitiveness even under these conditions. Strategic interventions, such as optimal siting and the elimination of fossil fuel subsidies, can thus favor a shift away from fossil-reliant aviation.
Molecular basis for the enzymatic inactivity of class III glutaredoxin ROXY9 on standard glutathionylated substrates
Authors: Mrozek Pascal , Grunewald Stephan , Treffon Katrin , Poschmann Gereon , Rabe von Pappenheim Fabian , Tittmann Kai , Gatz Christiane 
Published: January 2025

AbstractClass I glutaredoxins (GRXs) are nearly ubiquitous proteins that catalyse the glutathione (GSH)-dependent reduction of mainly glutathionylated substrates. In land plants, a third class of GRXs has evolved (class III). Class III GRXs regulate the activity of TGA transcription factors through yet unexplored mechanisms. Here we show that Arabidopsis thaliana class III GRX ROXY9 is inactive as an oxidoreductase on widely used model substrates. Glutathionylation of the active site cysteine, a prerequisite for enzymatic activity, occurs only under highly oxidizing conditions established by the GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) redox couple, while class I GRXs are readily glutathionylated even at very negative GSH/GSSG redox potentials. Thus, structural alterations in the GSH binding site leading to an altered GSH binding mode likely explain the enzymatic inactivity of ROXY9. This might have evolved to avoid overlapping functions with class I GRXs and raises questions of whether ROXY9 regulates TGA substrates through redox regulation.
Optimized molecule detection in localization microscopy with selected false positive probability
Authors: Hekrdla Miroslav , Roesel David , Hansen Niklas , Frederick Soumya , Umar Khalilullah , Petráková Vladimíra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSingle-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) allows imaging beyond the diffraction limit. Detection of molecules is a crucial initial step in SMLM. False positive detections, which are not quantitatively controlled in current methods, are a source of artifacts that affect the entire SMLM analysis pipeline. Furthermore, current methods lack standardization, which hinders reproducibility. Here, we present an optimized molecule detection method which combines probabilistic thresholding with theoretically optimal filtering. The probabilistic thresholding enables control over false positive detections while optimal filtering minimizes false negatives. A theoretically optimal Poisson matched filter is used as a performance benchmark to evaluate existing filtering methods. Overall, our approach allows the detection of molecules in a robust, single-parameter and user-unbiased manner. This will minimize artifacts and enable data reproducibility in SMLM.