bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cytomegalovirus infection on post‐transplant hospitalization days among children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: A marginal structural model approach
Authors: Li Yun , Vader Daniel T. , Oganisian Arman , Boge Craig L. K. , Hayes Molly , Newman Anders , Olson Tim , Freedman Jason , Elgarten Caitlin W. , Fisher Brian T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) commonly reactivates after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), potentially leading to CMV disease and significant morbidity and mortality. To reduce morbidity and mortality, many centers conduct weekly CMV blood polymerase chain reaction (PCR) surveillance testing with subsequent initiation of antiviral therapy upon CMV DNAemia detection. However, the impact of CMV DNAemia on subsequent hospitalization risk has not been assessed using models accounting for the time‐varying nature of the exposure, outcome, and confounders.MethodsAll allogeneic HCTs at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia from January 2004–April 2017 were considered for inclusion. Patients were monitored with CMV surveillance via PCR testing for up to 105 days after HCT receipt. We estimated the association between CMV DNAemia and rate of hospitalization using marginal structural models (MSM).ResultsThere were 343 allogeneic HCT episodes in 330 with CMV surveillance; median age was 9.0 (range: 0.1–26.2) and 46.5% were female. And 24.1% of HCT patients had at least one positive CMV blood PCR during the follow‐up period. Median time to CMV DNAemia detection was 19 days (range: 4–97). The MSM estimated the incidence rate ratios for an association of CMV DNAemia with hospitalization to be 1.24, (95% confidence interval: 1.04–1.47).ConclusionsCMV DNAemia was associated with an increased hospitalization in the post‐HCT period. The MSM accounted for time‐varying nature of the outcome, exposure and confounders. The findings support prevention of CMV DNAemia in this population. We recommend further investigation into the effectiveness and safety of prophylaxis versus pre‐emptive CMV prevention approaches.
Pet safety guidelines for pediatric transplant recipients
Authors: Kilduff Stella , Steinman Benjamin , Xie Yuping , Kiss‐Farengo Tomas , Foca Marc , Hayde Nicole 
Published: August 2023

AbstractApproximately 70% (90.5 million) of United States (US) households own at least one pet. Dogs are the most common, making up about 38% of all household pets, followed by cats, which make up 25%. Other pets such as fish, birds, reptiles, and small animals such as hamsters, gerbils, and rabbits are less common household members. Pets are often considered a part of the family and there are significant medical and psychosocial benefits to pet ownership; however, the possibility of disease transmission exists related to the type of animal and infectious organism, and specific human risk factors. Immunocompromised individuals may be at increased risk of serious illness from zoonotic infections. During the transplant evaluation and routinely posttransplant, the multidisciplinary team should inquire about pet ownership and animal exposures to guide on potential risks. This review discusses the most common diseases seen in various household pets including dogs, cats, birds, fish, and some farm animals. We will also present guidelines for pet safety and include strategies to decrease the risk of infection while supporting the benefits of pet ownership after transplant.
Allied health and nursing practices in pediatric solid organ transplantation: An international survey
Authors: Gold Anna , Wray Jo , Kosmach‐Park Beverly , Bannister Louise , Wichart Jenny , Graham Ashley , Piotrowski Caroline , Mayersohn Gillian , Shellmer Diana A. , Patterson Catherine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionWith improved survival in pediatric solid organ transplantation (SOT) care has focused on optimizing functional, developmental, and psychosocial outcomes, roles often supported by Allied Health and Nursing professionals (AHNP). However, there is a scarcity of research examining frameworks of clinical practice.MethodsThe International Pediatric Transplant Association AHNP Committee developed and disseminated an online survey to transplant centers as a quality improvement project to explore AHNP practice issues. Participant responses were characterized using descriptive statistics, and free‐text comments were thematically analyzed. Responses were compared across professional groups; Group 1: Advanced Practice Providers, Group 2: Nursing, Group 3: Allied Health.ResultsThe survey was completed by 119 AHNP from across the globe, with responses predominantly (78%) from North America. Half of respondents had been working in pediatric transplant for 11+ years. Two‐thirds of respondents were formally funded to provide transplant care; however, of these not funded, over half (57%) were allied health, compared to just 6% of advance practice providers. Advanced practice/nursing groups typically provided care to one organ program, with allied health providing care for multiple organ programs. Resource constraints were barriers to practice across all groups and countries.ConclusionIn this preliminary survey exploring AHNP roles, professionals provided a range of specialized clinical care. Challenges to practice were funding and breadth of care, highlighting the need for additional resources, alongside the development of clinical practice guidelines for defining, and supporting the role of AHNP within pediatric SOT. Professional organizations, such as IPTA, can offer professional advocacy.
Development and evaluation of a problem‐based learning simulation module for home‐visit nursing
Authors: Kim Eunjoo , Yoon Ju Young , Woo Kyungmi , Kim Aeri , Kim Hyori , Lee Juna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesAlthough home‐visit healthcare programs in Korea are expected to expand, providing hands‐on experience to nursing students may be limited. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a problem‐based learning (PBL) simulation module that reflects home‐visit healthcare services provided by public health centers for pre‐frail older adults.Design and SampleThe simulation module, including PBL as prebriefing, was developed by the researchers and revised based on expert reviews. The module was evaluated using a mixed‐method embedded one‐group post‐test‐only design with focus group interviews (FGIs). Quantitative data (n = 29) were collected between April and June, 2021. FGIs (n = 10) were conducted twice in June 2021, and qualitative data were analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach.ResultsThe average score of the Simulation Design Scale was 4.67 ± 0.36. The overall mean score of the Educational Practices Questionnaire was 4.75 ± 0.37. Three themes emerged from the FGIs: immersive learning experience, changes in perspective on nursing, and enhanced nursing competency.ConclusionThis PBL‐based simulation module was evaluated as a systematic learning process in which nursing students could become self‐directed learners, interacting and collaborating with colleagues, instructors, and environments. The module encourages them to practice home visit services.
Action‐orientation shields against primed cognitive conflict effects on effort‐related cardiac response
Authors: Bouzidi Yann S. , Gendolla Guido H. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article presents a quasi‐experiment (N = 79 university students) testing whether individual differences in action‐state orientation moderate primed cognitive conflict's effects on sympathetically mediated cardiac response during task performance reflecting effort. Action control theory posits that action‐oriented individuals are less receptive to distracting affective stimuli during goal pursuit than state‐oriented individuals because action‐orientation is related to higher volitional skills. Therefore, we expected that action‐oriented individuals should be shielded against conflict primes' effect on effort‐related responses in the cardiovascular system. By contrast, state‐oriented individuals should be more sensitive to irrelevant negative affective stimulation and therefore mobilize higher resources under such conditions. Responses of the cardiac pre‐ejection period (PEP) during a moderately difficult short‐term memory task corroborated these predictions. The present findings provide the first evidence that individual differences in action‐state orientation indeed moderate previously demonstrated cognitive conflict priming effects on effort‐related cardiac response and extend recent findings on action shielding.
How to … use theory as method in HPE research
Authors: McOwen Katherine S. , Varpio Lara , Konopasky Abigail W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecognising that scholars in health professions education (HPE) are often unfamiliar with theory‐informed research, we provide guidance on a robust method for using theory as a method to inform every aspect of research design from research question formation to data analysis and reporting. Using the Figured Worlds theory to illustrate the process, we mapped six concepts of particular importance to HPE: the figured world, agency, improvisation, discourse, positionality and power. Together the concepts were helpful analytic tools for our topic of interest. The concept of the figured world informed the construction of our program of research. Agency was useful in exploring the ways that subjects acted or did not act. We crafted interview questions to illustrate participants' unique improvisations. Discourse, or the world's artefacts both verbal and embodied, informed our understanding of the world's norms. Positionality allowed us to compare the agentic action of different participants. Finally, power offered an opportunity to recognise the intersection of the positional identities of participants and their stories of action or inaction. While theory‐informed analytic tools offer an opportunity to construct nuanced understanding, generating new insights into study subjects and their worlds, caution is necessary as qualitative inquiry is an evolving process of give and take. Everything from the study's questions, methods and even theories might need to flex in response to the data. Ultimately, though initially intimidating, theories offer concrete methodological tools HPE scholars can rely on.
Genetic diversity of Gerbich alleles in Brazilians reveals an unexpected prevalence of the GE:−2,−3,4 phenotype
Authors: Arnoni Carine Prisco , Silva Nayara Morais , Silva Flavia Sant'Anna , Parreira Rafael Martins , Vendrame Tatiane , Miola Marcos Paulo , Muniz Janaína , Cortez Afonso , Valvasori Marilia , de Araujo Evanilde Pereira , Dalmazzo Leandro , Freitas Alyne , Latini Flavia , Castilho Lilian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGerbich (GE) blood group system carries high‐frequency antigens and the absence of them leads to rare phenotypes: GE:−2,3,4, GE:−2,−3,4 and GE:−2,−3,−4. Their serological differentiation is limited and misclassification of Gerbich phenotypes may occur, but this can be avoided by molecular characterization. This study aimed to characterize the molecular background responsible for rare Gerbich phenotypes in Brazilian population.Materials and MethodsWe selected eight samples from patients with anti‐Ge, six from their relatives and nine samples with normal expression of Gerbich antigens. Serological tests were performed in gel and red blood cells (RBCs) were tested with anti‐Ge2 and anti‐Ge3. Monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) was performed. Molecular investigation was performed with allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing.ResultsPatient plasma samples reacted with all commercial RBCs. Patient RBCs showed negative results with anti‐Ge2 and anti‐Ge3. Using MMA two of eight antibodies were clinically significant. Exon 3 was not amplified in any of the patient samples and in two samples from relatives, suggesting the presence of GE*01.‐03/GE*01.‐03. By sequencing, we identified the genetic variability that interferes with the definition of deletion breakpoints, thus two options of genetic structure were suggested to be responsible for the GE:−2,−3,4 phenotype.ConclusionThis study showed for the first time the genetic diversity of GYPC alleles for carriers of Gerbich‐negative phenotypes in a Brazilian population and showed an unexpected prevalence of the GE:−2,−3,4 phenotype. It also demonstrated the importance of using molecular tools to correctly classify Gerbich phenotypes for selection of variants in antigen‐matched transfusions.
Diagnostic quality of ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspirates samples from the canine liver and spleen is not significantly affected by using 22‐, 23‐, and 25‐gauge needles
Authors: Llanos Cesar , Holmes Emma , White Crystal , Jasensky Anne‐Katherine , Fitzgerald Ella 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUltrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspirates (FNA) of the liver and spleen for cytological analysis are a commonly performed procedure in canine veterinary practice. Based on our review of the literature, this is the first published study investigating whether needle size affects the diagnostic quality of hepatic and splenic samples. The aim of this prospective analytical study was to compare the diagnostic quality of ultrasound‐guided FNA cytological samples of canine liver and spleen based on cellularity, blood contamination, and overall cell preservation between three different needle sizes (22‐, 23‐, and 25‐gauge). A total of 282 splenic aspirates from 94 dogs and 348 hepatic aspirates from 116 dogs were enrolled in the study and examined by two board‐certified veterinary clinical pathologists. In this study, no significant differences in diagnostic quality were identified between different needle gauge sizes when sampling canine liver and spleen. Blood contamination was higher using 22‐gauge needles compared with 25‐gauge needles (P = 0.024) when sampling the liver.
Anatomical considerations for the surgical approach to the canine accessory lung lobe
Authors: Mather Alastair J. , Chanoit Guillaume , Meakin Lee , Friend Ed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe (1) the surgical anatomy of the accessory lung lobe (ALL) including vasculature and pulmonary ligamentous attachments and (2) lobectomy through a right thoracotomy and median sternotomy.Study designCadaveric anatomical study.AnimalsNine adult canine cadavers, free of disease affecting the thoracic cavity and lung parenchyma.MethodsMedian sternotomy and right and left lateral thoracotomies were performed to describe and image relevant variations in anatomy using accompanying photographs and thorough voice notes. Consideration for ALL removal via right thoracotomy at the fifth through seventh intercostal spaces and median sternotomy were documented and compared.ResultsThe median weight of the cadavers was 20.85 kg (6.9–45.5 kg). Variation in the configuration of venous drainage of the ALL was identified. The lateral vein varied in its location and was also observed to combine with the medial vein in one cadaver. The pulmonary ligament attached to the ALL in a caudally pointing apex on the dorsal process of the lobe. Medial and lateral extensions of the ALL parenchyma were found. The ALL was most easily accessed by a right lateral thoracotomy at the sixth intercostal space. Although not optimal, removal of this lung lobe via median sternotomy was feasible.ConclusionSignificant variations were found in the blood supply to the ALL. A right lateral thoracotomy at the sixth intercostal space was preferred for a surgical approach to the ALL.Clinical significanceSurgeons should be aware of several anatomical particularities including the venous drainage, ligamentous attachments, and parenchymal extensions of the ALL.
Methods for the Automated Determination of Sustained Maximum Amplitudes in Oscillating Signals
Authors: DeVol Nathaniel , Saldaña Christopher , Fu Katherine 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Machine condition monitoring has been proven to reduce machine downtime and increase productivity. The state-of-the-art research uses vibration monitoring for tasks such as maintenance and tool wear prediction. A less explored aspect is how vibration monitoring might be used to monitor equipment sensitive to vibration. In a manufacturing environment, one example of where this might be needed is in monitoring the vibration of optical linear encoders used in high-precision machine tools and coordinate measuring machines. Monitoring the vibration of sensitive equipment presents a unique case for vibration monitoring because an accurate calculation of the maximum sustained vibration is needed, as opposed to extracting trends from the data. To do this, techniques for determining sustained peaks in vibration signals are needed. This work fills this gap by formalizing and testing methods for determining sustained vibration amplitudes. The methods are tested on simulated signals based on experimental data. Results show that processing the signal directly with the novel Expire Timer method produces the smallest amounts of error on average under various test conditions. Additionally, this method can operate in real-time on streaming vibration data.
Improving Uniformity of Cell Distribution in Post-Inkjet-Based Bioprinting
Authors: Liu Jiachen , Xu Changxue 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Advancements in additive manufacturing enable the fabrication of in vitro biomimetic grafts leveraging biological materials and cells for various biomedical applications. The realization of such biofabrication typically requires time from minutes to hours depending on the scale and complexity of the models. During direct biofabrication, cell sedimentation with the resultant aggregation is extensively deemed to be one of the acute problems for precise and reliable inkjet-based bioprinting. It often results in highly unstable droplet formation, nozzle clogging, and non-uniformity of post-printing cell distribution. Our previous study has implemented active bioink circulation to mitigate cell sedimentation and aggregation within the bioink reservoir. This study focuses on the comparison of post-printing cell distribution within formed microspheres and one-layer sheets with and without active circulation. The experimental results have demonstrated a significant improvement in post-printing cell distribution under implemented active circulation. Moreover, the printed sheet samples are subject to three-day incubation to investigate the effect of cell distribution on cell viability and proliferation. It shows that compared to non-uniform cell distribution, the uniform cell distribution significantly improves cell viability (92% versus 77% at Day 3) and cell proliferation (3.3 times versus 1.7 times at Day 3). The preliminary results in this paper have demonstrated not only the high effectiveness of the active bioink circulation to improve post-printing cell distribution within microspheres and one-layer sheets, but also the critical role of the uniform post-printing cell distribution in promoting cell viability and proliferation.
Mechanisms of nucleic acid degradation and high hydrostatic pressure tolerance of a novel deep-sea wall-less bacterium
Authors: Zheng Rikuan , Wang Chong , Cai Ruining , Shan Yeqi , Sun Chaomin 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Wall-less bacteria are broadly distributed in diverse habitats. They evolved from a common ancestor within the
Firmicutes
phylum through reductive evolution. Here, we report the cultivation, characterization, and polyphasic taxonomic analysis of the novel free-living wall-less bacterium,
Hujiaoplasma nucleasis
zrk29. We demonstrated that strain zrk29 had a strong ability to degrade DNA and RNA both under laboratory conditions and in the deep sea. We found that nucleic acids induced strain zrk29 to release chronic bacteriophages which supported strain zrk29 and other marine bacteria to metabolize nucleic acids without lysing host cells. We also showed that strain zrk29 tolerated high hydrostatic pressure via two pathways: (i) by transporting cations into its cells to increase intracellular osmotic pressure and (ii) by adjusting the unsaturated fatty acid chain content in its cell membrane phospholipids to increase cell membrane fluidity. This study extends our understanding of free-living wall-less bacteria and provides a useful model to explore the unique adaptation mechanisms of deep-sea microbes.

IMPORTANCE

The unique physiology and survival strategies of the
Tenericutes
bacterium—a typical wall-less bacterium—have fascinated scientists and the public, especially in extreme deep-sea environments where there is high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and limited availability of nutrients. Here, we have isolated a novel free-living
Tenericutes
strain from deep-sea sediment and have found that it metabolizes nucleic acids with the support of chronic bacteriophages. This
Tenericutes
strain tolerates HHP stress by increasing intracellular osmotic pressure and the unsaturated fatty acid chain content of phospholipids in its cell membrane. Our results provide insights into the unique physiology of deep-sea free-living
Tenericutes
bacteria and highlight the significant role that chronic bacteriophages play in assisting wall-less bacteria to adapt to harsh conditions.
Interaction of DNA Methyltransferase Dnmt3a with Phosphorus Analogs of S-Adenosylmethionine and S-Adenosylhomocysteine
Authors: Filonov V. L. , Khomutov M. A. , Sergeev A. V. , Khandazhinskaya A. L. , Kochetkov S. N. , Gromova E. S. , Khomutov A. R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Enzymatic methyltransferase reactions are of crucial importance for cell metabolism. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) is a main donor of the methyl group. DNA, RNA, proteins, and low-molecular-weight compounds are substrates of methyltransferases. In mammals, DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a de novo methylates the C5 position of cytosine residues in CpG sequences in DNA. The methylation pattern is one of the factors that determine the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Here, interactions with the catalytic domain of Dnmt3a was for the first time studied for phosphonous and phosphonic analogs of AdoMet and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy), in which the carboxyl group was substituted for respective phosphorus-containing group. These AdoMet analogs were shown to be substrates of Dnmt3a, and the methylation efficiency was only halved as compared with that of natural AdoMet. Both phosphorus-containing analogs of AdoHcy, which is a natural methyltransferase inhibitor, showed similar inhibitory activities toward Dnmt3a and were approximately four times less active than AdoHcy. The finding that the phosphonous and phosphonic analogs are similar in activity was quite unexpected because the geometry and charge of their phosphorus-containing groups differ substantially. The phosphorus-containing analogs of AdoMet and AdoHcy are discussed as promising tools for investigation of methyltransferases.