bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Louise or Ferdinand? Exploring the protagonists of Love and Intrigue using social network analysis
Authors: Pang Nana , Sun Meng , Zhu Haoran 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Love and Intrigue is an outstanding work by the German dramatist Friedrich Schiller. This work was initially titled Louise Millerin, which was changed to Love and Intrigue before its premiere. The title Louise Millerin indicates the importance of the female character Louise in the drama. However, is Louise the real protagonist of the drama? Existing research provided no definitive answer to this question. Scholars have not agreed on who the protagonist is in the drama and how to quantify the prominence of the character. To address these issues, this study adopts Social Network Analysis (SNA) to visualize the character network, quantify the centrality of the characters, and perform cluster analysis of the characters in Love and Intrigue. The results indicate that Ferdinand displays the highest prominence and has higher stability regarding centrality than Louise. We explore possible reasons behind the findings. First, the highlighting of the male character Ferdinand may reflect male dominance in the eighteenth-century Germany. Second, Schiller incorporated his personal experiences and emotional preferences into the writing of the drama, leading to his favor of Ferdinand. Third, Schiller may have also been influenced by the style of previous German playwrights. By applying SNA to literary research, this study presents a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the characters in Love and Intrigue and contributes to the research on Schiller’s works.
Feeling ready: neural bases of prospective motor readiness judgements
Authors: Parés-Pujolràs Elisabeth , Matić Karla , Haggard Patrick 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe idea that human agents voluntarily control their actions, including their spontaneous movements, strongly implies an anticipatory awareness of action. That is, agents should be aware they are about to act before actually executing a movement. Previous research has identified neural signals that could underpin prospective conscious access to motor preparation, including the readiness potential and the beta-band event-related desynchronization. In this study, we ran two experiments to test whether these two neural precursors of action also tracka subjective feeling of readiness. In Experiment 1, we combined a self-paced action task with an intention-probing design where participants gave binary responses to indicate whether they felt they had been about to move when a probe was presented. In Experiment 2, participants reported their feeling of readiness on a graded scale. We found that the feeling of readiness reliably correlates with the beta-band amplitude, but not with the readiness potential.
Metabolic impact of intermittent energy restriction and periodic fasting in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review
Authors: van den Burg Elske L , van Peet Petra G , Schoonakker Marjolein P , van de Haar Dionysia E , Numans Mattijs E , Pijl Hanno 
Published: March 2023

AbstractContextThe effectiveness of intermittent energy restriction (IER) and periodic fasting (PF) in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a subject of discussion.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review is to summarize current knowledge of the effects of IER and PF in patients with T2D on markers of metabolic control and the need for glucose-lowering medication.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, Emcare, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CENTRAL, Academic Search Premier, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, and LWW Health Library were searched for eligible articles on March 20, 2018 (last update performed November 11, 2022). Studies that evaluated the effects of IER or PF diets in adult patients with T2D were included.Data ExtractionThis systematic review is reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed through the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The search identified 692 unique records. Thirteen original studies were included.Data AnalysisA qualitative synthesis of the results was constructed because the studies differed widely in terms of dietary interventions, study design, and study duration. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) declined in response to IER or PF in 5 of 10 studies, and fasting glucose declined in 5 of 7 studies. In 4 studies, the dosage of glucose-lowering medication could be reduced during IER or PF. Two studies evaluated long-term effects (≥1 year after ending the intervention). The benefits to HbA1c or fasting glucose were generally not sustained over the long term. There are a limited number of studies on IER and PF interventions in patients with T2D. Most were judged to have at least some risk of bias.ConclusionThe results of this systematic review suggest that IER and PF can improve glucose regulation in patients with T2D, at least in the short term. Moreover, these diets may allow for dosage reduction of glucose-lowering medication.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO registration no. CRD42018104627.
The Child and Adult Care Food Program and young children’s health: a systematic review
Authors: Kenney Erica L , Tucker Kyla , Plummer Rachel S , Mita Carol , Andreyeva Tatiana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Context
The Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) is a federal nutrition program that supports young children’s nutrition. Its potential impacts on child well-being have not been summarized.

Objective
The objective of this review was to summarize the evidence for the impact of CACFP on children’s diet quality, weight status, food insecurity, and cognitive development.

Data Sources
Databases searched included MEDLINE, CAB Abstracts, Web of Science Core Collection, ERIC, PsycInfo, Dissertations & Theses Global (Proquest), EconLit, NBER, and the USDA’s Economic Research Service (ERS), from database inception to November 12, 2021. Studies were included if the sample drew from child care programs serving children between the ages of 2 years and 18 years and if a comparison group of nonparticipating programs was included.

Data Extraction
Two reviewers independently extracted data on study design, year(s) of data collection, region, sample size, participant demographics, outcomes, and risk of bias.

Data Analysis
Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, a narrative synthesis was used.

Results
Nineteen articles were reviewed, most of which had been published since 2012. Seventeen used cross-sectional designs. Twelve evaluated foods and beverages served; 4 evaluated dietary intake; 4 evaluated the child care nutrition environment; 2 evaluated food insecurity, 1 evaluated weight status; none evaluated cognitive outcomes. Studies typically found either a small beneficial association with CACFP or no significant association.

Conclusion
Currently, evidence for an association between CACFP and children’s health is inconclusive, though it is slightly suggestive of a benefit for some dietary quality outcomes. More research, with stronger study designs, is needed.

Systematic Review Registration
A protocol for this systematic review was registered with the PROSPERO systematic review protocol registry (PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021254423).
The Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) in Multimethod Assessment
Authors: Mihura Joni L. , Meyer Gregory J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides a description of the most contemporary and empirically supported version of the Rorschach inkblot test—the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS). R-PAS was designed by members of John Exner’s Rorschach Research Council as a replacement for his Comprehensive System (CS) after he unexpectedly passed away. Currently, R-PAS has more construct validity analyses for its test variables than any other personality test, including versions of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Its international norms address the problem of Exner’s CS norms overpathologizing respondents. R-PAS also provides many improvements in test administration, coding, and interpretation. For example, in contrast to the CS and other earlier Rorschach systems, R-PAS reports its results using standard scores as do other contemporary cognitive or personality tests. After describing the basics of the test along with brief descriptions of its test variables, the empirical foundation for R-PAS is summarized. The forensic use of the Rorschach and human diversity considerations are discussed. The assessment methods used by R-PAS are situated within the context of other popular test methods—maximal versus typical methods as well as self-report (e.g., MMPI-3), observer or informant report, and narrative methods (e.g., Thematic Apperception Test). Two cases illustrate how R-PAS incrementally contributes to multimethod assessments. The chapter closes by recommending that the stigma surrounding the Rorschach be reduced, particularly because R-PAS has such strong support in assessing the disorganized thinking seen in psychosis.
Répondre aux besoins des parents adolescents et de leurs enfants
Authors: Thompson Gillian ,   Société canadienne de pédiatrie,   Comité de la santé de l’adolescent
Published: March 2023

RésuméLes parents adolescents et leurs enfants sont deux patients d’âge pédiatrique pour les dispensateurs de soins, et ont chacun leurs propres besoins de santé. Les jeunes parents et leur enfant peuvent être à risque de voir leur santé en souffrir, non pas directement à cause de l’âge de la mère, mais de la pauvreté et des autres inégalités en matière de déterminants sociaux de la santé. Pour bien évaluer les besoins de santé de l’enfant et de sa mère, il faut privilégier une approche objective, des outils de dépistage appropriés et des questions ouvertes qui tiennent compte à la fois de la prévention et des problèmes de santé aigus. Il est possible d’anticiper les besoins coexistants de cette dyade, car ils portent sur la croissance et le développement, la santé mentale du nourrisson et de l’adolescente, l’alimentation et la sécurité alimentaire, la sécurité, les relations, les pratiques parentales, l’éducation, la santé sexuelle et l’aide à trouver du soutien et des ressources. Les dispensateurs de soins qui comprennent le développement des adolescentes et intègrent des éléments du « foyer médical » axé sur les patients à leur pratique sont les mieux placés pour favoriser des résultats de santé positifs, tant pour la mère que pour son nourrisson.
Optimizing agri-environment schemes for cost-effectiveness, fairness or both?
Authors: Markova-Nenova Nonka , Wätzold Frank , Sturm Astrid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate empirically trade-offs between improving the cost-effectiveness of an agri-environment scheme (AES) and its distributional impacts, applying the criteria of equality (equal payments), equity (equal producer surplus), and the Rawlsian maximin criterion (here understood as maximizing the producer surplus in the poorest region). Using an ecological-economic modelling procedure, we simulate an existing grassland AES in Saxony, Germany and design two cost-effective alternatives—one AES with spatially homogeneous payments and one with regionally differentiated payments—and compare the distributional impacts of the three schemes. For spatially homogeneous payments, we find a trade-off between cost-effectiveness and equality but not equity and the Rawlsian maximin criterion. This suggests that cost-effectiveness improvements do not necessarily go against distributional concerns. However, the substantial cost-effectiveness improvements that can be achieved with regionally differentiated AES come at the expense of distributional setbacks according to all applied fairness criteria.
Lineage Tracing of RGS5-CreER-Labeled Cells in Long Bones During Homeostasis and Injury
Authors: Root Sierra H , Vrhovac Madunic Ivana , Kronenberg Mark S , Cao Ye , Novak Sanja , Kalajzic Ivo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling 5 (RGS5) is a GTPase activator for heterotrimeric G-protein α-subunits, shown to be a marker of pericytes. Bone marrow stromal cell population (BMSCs) is heterogeneous. Populations of mesenchymal progenitors, cells supportive of hematopoiesis, and stromal cells regulating bone remodeling have been recently identified. Periosteal and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are participating in fracture healing, but it is difficult to distinguish the source of cells within the callus. Considering that perivascular cells exert osteoprogenitor potential, we generated an RGS5 transgenic mouse model (Rgs5-CreER) which when crossed with Ai9 reporter animals (Rgs5/Tomato), is suitable for lineage tracing during growth and post-injury. Flow cytometry analysis and histology confirmed the presence of Rgs5/Tomato+ cells within CD31+ endothelial, CD45+ hematopoietic, and CD31-CD45- mesenchymal/perivascular cells. A tamoxifen chase showed expansion of Rgs5/Tomato+ cells expressing osterix within the trabeculae positioned between mineralized matrix and vasculature. Long-term chase showed proportion of Rgs5/Tomato+ cells contributes to mature osteoblasts expressing osteocalcin. Following femoral fracture, Rgs5/Tomato+ cells are observed around newly formed bone within the BM cavity and expressed osterix and osteocalcin, while contribution within periosteum was low and limited to fibroblastic callus with very few positive chondrocytes. In addition, BM injury model confirmed that RGS5-Cre labels population of BMSCs expands during injury and participates in osteogenesis. Under homeostatic conditions, lineage-traced RGS5 cells within the trabecular area demonstrate osteoprogenitor capacity that in an injury model contributes to new bone formation primarily within the BM niche.
Cell-to-cell transmission promotes the emergence of double-drug resistance
Authors: Saeki Koichi , Sasaki Akira 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The use of multiple antivirals in a single patient increases the risk of emergence of multidrug-resistant viruses, posing a public health challenge and limiting management options. Cell-to-cell viral transmission allows a pair of viruses that are each resistant to a single drug to persist for a prolonged period of passages although neither can survive alone under double-drug treatment. This pair should then persist until they accumulate a second mutation to generate resistance to both drugs. Accordingly, we here propose a hypothesis that viruses have a much higher probability of developing double-drug resistance when they are transmitted via a cell-to-cell mode than when they are transmitted via a cell-free mode through released virions. By using a stochastic model describing the changes in the frequencies of viral genotypes over successive infections, we analytically demonstrate that the emergence probability of double resistance is approximately the square of the number of viral genomes that establish infection times greater in cell-to-cell transmission than in cell-free transmission. Our study suggests the importance of inhibiting cell-to-cell transmission during multidrug treatment.
Patient-Reported Outcomes and Return to Intended Oncologic Therapy After Colorectal Enhanced Recovery Pathway
Authors:   The Italian ColoRectal Anastomotic Leakage (iCral3) study group
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the influence of enhanced recovery pathway (ERP) on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and return to intended oncologic therapy (RIOT) after colorectal surgery.

Background:
ERP improves early outcomes after colorectal surgery; however, little is known about its influence on PROMs and on RIOT.

Methods:
Prospective multicenter enrollment of patients who underwent colorectal resection with anastomosis was performed, recording variables related to patient-, institution-, procedure-level data, adherence to the ERP, and outcomes. The primary endpoints were PROMs (administered before surgery, at discharge, and 6 to 8 weeks after surgery) and RIOT after surgery for malignancy, defined as the intended oncologic treatment according to national guidelines and disease stage, administered within 8 weeks from the index operation, evaluated through multivariate regression models.

Results:
The study included 4529 patients, analyzed for PROMs, 1467 of which were analyzed for RIOT. Compared to their baseline preoperative values, all PROMs showed significant worsening at discharge and improvement at late evaluation. PROMs values at discharge and 6 to 8 weeks after surgery, adjusted through a generalized mixed regression model according to preoperative status and other variables, showed no association with ERP adherence rates. RIOT rates (overall 54.5%) were independently lower by aged > 69 years, ASA Class III, open surgery, and presence of major morbidity; conversely, they were independently higher after surgery performed in an institutional ERP center and by ERP adherence rates > median (69.2%).

Conclusions:
Adherence to the ERP had no effect on PROMs, whereas it independently influenced RIOT rates after surgery for colorectal cancer.
Age Influence Upon Glenohumeral Remodeling After Shoulder Axial Rebalancing Surgery in Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
Authors: Le Hanneur Malo , Brahim Lilia , Langlais Tristan , Bouché Pierre-Alban , Fitoussi Franck 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Shoulder rebalancing procedures have been proven to provide satisfactory functional improvements in patients with shoulder external rotation (ER) deficit due to brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI). However, the influence of age at the time of surgery on osteoarticular remodeling remains uncertain. The purposes of this retrospective case series were (1) to assess the age impact on glenohumeral remodeling and (2) to determine an age limit after which significant changes can no longer be expected.

Methods:
We reviewed preoperative and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging data of 49 children with BPBI who underwent a tendon transfer to reanimate active shoulder ER, with (n=41) or without (n=8) concomitant anterior shoulder release to restore passive shoulder ER, at a mean age of 72 ± 40 months (19;172). Mean radiographic follow-up was 35 ± 20 months (12;95). Univariate linear regressions were used to assess the influence of age at the time of surgery upon changes of glenoid version, glenoid shape, percentage of the humeral head anterior to the glenoid midline, and glenohumeral deformity. Beta coefficients with 95% CI were calculated.

Results:
Improvements of glenoid version, glenoid shape, percentage of the humeral head anterior and glenohumeral deformity significantly decreased by 0.19 degrees [CI=(−0.31; −0.06), P=0.0046], 0.02 grade [CI=(−0.04; −0.01), P=0.002], 0.12% [CI=(−0.21; −0.04), P=0.0076], and 0.01 grade [CI=(−0.02; −0.01), P=0.0078] per additional month of age at the time of surgery, respectively. The threshold of 5 years was identified as the age at the time of surgery after which significant remodeling no longer occurred. No significant postoperative changes were observed in patients without glenohumeral dysplasia on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging.

Conclusion:
In the setting of BPBI-related glenohumeral dysplasia, the younger the surgical axial rebalancing of the shoulder, the greater the glenohumeral remodeling seems to be. Such procedure seems to be safe in patients without significant joint deformity on preoperative imaging.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic—Level IV.
A Prospective, Multicenter Study of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: What Can Patients Expect After Open Reduction?
Authors: Kiani Sara N. , Gornitzky Alex L. , Matheney Travis H. , Schaeffer Emily K. , Mulpuri Kishore , Shah Hitesh H. , Yihua Ge , Upasani Vidyadhar , Aroojis Alaric , Krishnamoorthy Venkatadass ,   Global Hip Dysplasia Registry, Sankar Wudbhav N. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Although there are several predominantly single-center case series in the literature, relatively little prospectively collected data exist regarding the outcomes of open hip reduction (OR) for infantile developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The purpose of this prospective, multi-center study was to determine the outcomes after OR in a diverse patient population.

Methods:
The prospectively collected database of an international multicenter study group was queried for all patients treated with OR for DDH. Minimum follow-up was 1 year. Proximal femoral growth disturbance (PFGD) was defined by consensus review using Salter’s criteria. Persistent acetabular dysplasia was defined as an acetabular index >90th percentile for age. Statistical analyses were performed to compare preoperative and operative characteristics that predicted re-dislocation, PFGD, and residual acetabular dysplasia.

Results:
A cohort of 232 hips (195 patients) was identified; median age at OR was 19 months (interquartile range 13 to 28) and median follow-up length was 21 months (interquartile range 16 to 32). Re-dislocation occurred in 7% of hips (n=16/228). The majority (81%; n=13/16) occurred in the first year after initial OR. Excluding patients with repeat dislocation, 94.5% of hips were IHDI 1 at most recent follow-up. On the basis of strict radiographic review, some degree of PFGD was present in 44% of hips (n=101/230) at most recent follow-up. Seventy-eight hips (55%) demonstrated residual dysplasia compared with established normative data. Hips that had a pelvic osteotomy at index surgery had about half the rate of residual dysplasia (39%; n=32/82) versus those without a pelvic osteotomy with at least 2 years follow-up (78%; n=46/59).

Conclusions:
In the largest prospective, multicenter study to date, OR for infantile DDH was associated with a 7% risk of re-dislocation, 44% risk of PFGD, and 55% risk of residual acetabular dysplasia at short term follow-up. The incidence of these adverse outcomes is higher than previous reports. Patients treated with concomitant pelvic osteotomy had lower rates of residual dysplasia. These prospectively collected, multicenter data provide better generalizable information to improve family education and appropriately set expectations.

Level of Evidence:
Level II, prospective comparative study.
TRAIL or TRAIL-R2 as a Predictive Biomarker for Mortality or Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kuang Na , Shu Bingjun , Yang Fengjing , Li Song , Zhang Mingxi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and TRAIL-receptor-2 (TRAIL-R2) are associated with atherosclerosis. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the potential association between TRAIL/TRAIL-R2 with mortality or cardiovascular (CV) events. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for reports published up to May 2021. Reports were included when the association between TRAIL or TRAIL-R2 and mortality or CV events was reported. Considering the heterogeneity between studies, we used the random-effects model for all analyses. Ultimately, the meta-analysis included 18 studies (16,295 patients). The average follow-up ranged from 0.25 to 10 years. Decreased TRAIL levels were negatively associated with all-cause mortality [rank variable, hazard ratio (HR), 95% CI, 2.93, 1.94–4.42; I
2 = 0.0%, P
heterogeneity = 0.835]. Increased TRAIL-R2 levels were positively associated with all-cause mortality (continuous variable, HR, 95% CI, 1.43, 1.23–1.65; I
2 = 0.0%, P
heterogeneity = 0.548; rank variable, HR, 95% CI, 7.08, 2.70–18.56; I
2 = 46.5%, P
heterogeneity = 0.154), CV mortality (continuous variable, HR, 95% CI, 1.33, 1.14–1.57; I
2 = 0.0%, P
heterogeneity = 0.435), myocardial infarction (continuous variable, HR, 95% CI, 1.23, 1.02–1.49; rank variable, HR, 95% CI, 1.49, 1.26–1.76; I
2 = 0.7%, P
heterogeneity = 0.402), and new-onset heart failure (rank variable, HR, 95% CI, 3.23, 1.32–7.87; I
2 = 83.0%, P
heterogeneity = 0.003). In conclusion, decreased TRAIL was negatively associated with all-cause mortality, and increased TRAIL-R2 was positively associated with all-cause mortality, CV mortality, myocardial infarction, and heart failure.