bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do firms in Sub‐Saharan Africa benefit from global value chains?
Authors: Calatayud Carolina , Rochina Barrachina María Engracia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSub‐Saharan Africa has increased its presence in GVCs but remains the least integrated area in the world. In this paper, we go a step further in the related literature and descend to firm‐level data. Thus, we identify the determinants and effects of GVC participation of manufacturing firms in the region. We use indicators of the extensive and intensive margins of participation and of backward and forward integration. We find that good infrastructure, quality of institutions and security to prevent crime are conducive to participation. In contrast, lack of access to finance, the existence of an informal sector or high trade costs discourage participation. Finally, participation in GVCs has positive effects on firm performance variables (innovation, productivity, wages and employment).
The clinical outcomes of 33 canine eyes following the novel sulcus fixation technique of an injectable acrylic lens through a 3‐mm corneal incision
Authors: Ahn Jaesang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeThis retrospective study introduces and evaluates transscleral fixation using a horizontal mattress suture of a conventional injectable acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) inserted through a 3‐mm corneal incision in dogs.Materials and MethodsThis technique was applied to four groups: lens subluxation (group SL, n = 15), anterior or posterior lens luxation (group APLL, n = 9), lens capsule tear or rupture (group LCTR, n = 7), and dislocation of the lens capsule containing an IOL (group IOLD, n = 4).ResultsPatients were followed up for an average of 366.7 days (range: 94–830 days) after the surgery. Each IOL was well‐centered and the overall visual success rate was 74.3% (26/35). Retinal detachment (4/35) was the most common cause of blindness, followed by glaucoma (3/35), hyphema of unknown etiology (1/35), and severe uveitis accompanied by deep corneal ulcer (1/35).ConclusionThis technique enables sulcus fixation of an IOL, inserted through a 3‐mm corneal incision, which is less traumatic than conventional techniques, without the need for specifically designed IOL for sulcus fixation. In this series, this technique enabled to contribute to restore emmetropic vision in dogs.
Evaluation of the quadriceps muscle length to femoral length ratio in small breed dogs with medial patellar luxation
Authors: Nagahiro Yukari , Murakami Sawako , Shimada Masakazu , Kanno Nobuo , Harada Yasuji , Hara Yasushi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the quadriceps muscle length (QML) to femoral length (FL) ratio (QML/FL) and its associated factors in small breed dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) and to compare the differences in the QML/FL between MPL grades.Study designRetrospective study.Sample populationSmall breed dogs (<10 kg) with MPL: 78 dogs (134 limbs).MethodsMedical records and computed tomography (CT) images from 2008–2020 were reviewed. Furthermore, age, bodyweight, sex, laterality, MPL grade, femoral inclination angle (FIA), femoral torsion angle (FTA), anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), and patellar ligament length to patellar length ratio were included in the regression analysis to determine the factors associated with QML/FL. Each measurement parameter was compared among the four MPL grade groups.ResultsThe final model demonstrated that the QML/FL increased with increasing age (p = .004) and decreased with increasing FTA and aLDFA (p = .015 andp < .001, respectively). The MPL grade IV group had a lower QML/FL than the grade I, II, and III groups (p = .002,p < .001, andp < .001, respectively).ConclusionAmong small breed dogs, those with MPL grade IV had a shortened QML associated with femoral deformities.Clinical significanceNoninvasive evaluation of the QML/FL improves our understanding of the length mismatch between the quadriceps muscle and the femur.
Laboratories for the future
Authors: Mason Anna 
Published: March 2023

Research laboratories are gaining attention in the global sustainability rhetoric, as many overseas institutes attempt to improve the historically consumptive practices of research. Life science laboratories are estimated to contribute up to 2% of annual global plastic waste, and compared to other academic spaces, laboratories consume as much as 3 to 6 times more energy. Addressing laboratory sustainability is essential in the University of Otago achieving its Net Carbon Zero goal more readily. This research has investigated key factors of laboratory sustainability at the University of Otago, utilizing an observational case-study laboratory and survey to assess current research sustainability standards. The research laboratory case-study in the University of Otago department of Biochemistry shows keen engagement with sustainability principles in areas such as sustainable purchasing practices, resource management and cold storage, while areas such as energy usage exhibit room for improvement. A voluntary survey completed by members of the Biochemistry department indicated that researchers believed changes to waste reduction & recycling, community engagement & understanding, and purchasing practices would be the most impactful in improving laboratory sustainability. Implementing strategies such as purchasing takeback schemes, promoting participation in laboratory sustainability initiatives, and reducing consumption of disposable resources will be paramount in improving laboratory sustainability.
Supervised by: Ray O'Brien, Sustainability Office, University of OtagoScholarship funded by: Waste Management NZ
Understanding Food Loss and Waste in the Onion Growing Industry in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Petersen Grace 
Published: March 2023

Sustainable growth and improving the profitability of onion growers and exporters is Onions New Zealand’s vision. Alongside marketable product, minimizing and converting onion industry loss and waste products into a useable form is one piece of work requiring further exploration. My project involved a series of interviews with growers and processors to discuss the amount of waste generated in the industry, and to try and quantify the opportunity from turning this into product of value. Join me to hear about the some of the work being done with growers and processors to understand the size of the opportunity and to help Onions New Zealand’s achieve this vision for this sector.
Supervised by: Professor Miranda Mirosa and Trixie Croad, Food Waste Innovation Otago
Scholarship funded by: Onions NZ
Analysing the modal competitiveness of public transport through the concept of generalised journey time
Authors: Higham Kate 
Published: March 2023

Amongst a range of factors, travel time of the bus relative to the equivalent journey in the private car is considered the strongest predictor in the selection of travel mode. In order to incentify a shift toward more sustainable modes of transportation, the bus must decrease its travel time to compete with the car and attract and retain ridership. There is limited literature on the travel time ratio between the car and the bus, and very little work that addresses this issue in the context of Ōtepoti Dunedin. It is a complicated area of research that has no simple answer, as there is no single measure of time related quality of the typical bus service. This report uses the concept of Generalised Journey Time - which recognises that a single bus journey is a multimodal trip and breaks the journey into different stages. It then makes policy and governance suggestions that focus on the broader picture and aim to foster the delivery of a faster and more attractive public transportation system in Ōtepoti Dunedin. Increased public transport usage will reduce the reliance on global fossil fuel markets, generating cities that align with modern, sustainable, environmentally conscious visions.
Supervised by Ray O'Brien & Craig Cliff, Sustainability Office, University of OtagoScholarship funded by: Dunedin City Council
LSD1 Inhibition Disrupts Super-Enhancer–Driven Oncogenic Transcriptional Programs in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Li Muqing , Liu Mingyu , Han Wanting , Wang Zifeng , Han Dong , Patalano Susan , Macoska Jill A. , Balk Steven P. , He Housheng Hansen , Corey Eva , Gao Shuai , Cai Changmeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The lysine demethylase LSD1 (also called KDM1A) plays important roles in promoting multiple malignancies including both hematologic cancers and solid tumors. LSD1 targets histone and nonhistone proteins and can function as a transcriptional corepressor or coactivator. LSD1 has been reported to act as a coactivator of androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer and to regulate the AR cistrome via demethylation of its pioneer factor FOXA1. A deeper understanding of the key oncogenic programs targeted by LSD1 could help stratify prostate cancer patients for treatment with LSD1 inhibitors, which are currently under clinical investigation. In this study, we performed transcriptomic profiling in an array of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) xenograft models that are sensitive to LSD1 inhibitor treatment. Impaired tumor growth by LSD1 inhibition was attributed to significantly decreased MYC signaling, and MYC was found to be a consistent target of LSD1. Moreover, LSD1 formed a network with BRD4 and FOXA1 and was enriched at super-enhancer regions exhibiting liquid–liquid phase separation. Combining LSD1 inhibitors with BET inhibitors exhibited strong synergy in disrupting the activities of multiple drivers in CRPC, thereby inducing significant growth repression of tumors. Importantly, the combination treatment showed superior effects than either inhibitor alone in disrupting a subset of newly identified CRPC-specific super-enhancers. These results provide mechanistic and therapeutic insights for cotargeting two key epigenetic factors and could be rapidly translated in the clinic for CRPC patients.

Significance:
LSD1 drives prostate cancer progression by activating super-enhancer–mediated oncogenic programs, which can be targeted with the combination of LSD1 and BRD4 inhibitors to suppress the growth of CRPC.
Infections and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Is the Sum Worth More than the Parts? Evidence from Birth Characteristics
Authors: Wiemels Joseph L. , Gallant Rachel E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe etiology of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has long been studied piecemeal with investigations leading to a lengthy list of putative risk factors including several with immune modulatory effects. The ubiquity of many of these factors (e.g., daycare attendance, low parity, breastfeeding, normal vaccinations) belies the rarity of ALL as an outcome. In this commentary, Pombo-de-Oliveira and colleagues show that a key feature may be the combination of particular risk factors, as the birth characteristics “cesarean section” and “birth order” when combined interact to impart higher risk of ALL than would be suggested by the additive risk of both factors. This statistical interaction would be predicted by the “delayed infection hypothesis” wherein infant immune isolation promotes developmental vulnerability to ALL upon infection exposure later in childhood. Pombo-de-Oliveira and colleagues show further that lack of breastfeeding, a postnatal factor leading to further immune isolation, induces additional risk. In sum, the data reveal a combination of factors that together could impart a healthy “trained” immune system allowing for moderated responses to later exposures with microbial and viral antigens. Such priming of the immune system avoids maladaptive immunologic consequences of delayed antigenic stimulation leading to ALL and other diseases. Further research utilizing biomarkers of specific exposures (in addition to the proxy measures used here) will be helpful to realize the full potential for immune modification for ALL prevention.See related article by Pombo-de-Oliveira et al., p. 371
Mapping Out the Origins of Electroacoustic Music Studios in Brazil
Authors: de Almeida Ribeiro Felipe , de Oliveira Thomasi Ricardo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This research presents a mapping out of Brazilian electroacoustic music studios from 1960 to 2000, especially those that emerged in connection with universities and other institutions. A major criterion was to understand “music studios” as cultural territories, as places for creation, collaboration, and exchange. We present a timeline highlighting the main trajectories of composers, institutions, and events, all related to the development of these studios. We interviewed composers and investigated a wide variety of documents, ranging from scholarly papers and journal articles through books, recordings, and websites. As a result, the timeline introduces the main spaces that have fostered electroacoustic music in Brazil, revealing the idea of gambiarra [make do, workaround], a sort of Brazilian DIY culture.
Resolving Cross-modal Semantic Interference among Object Concepts Requires Medial Temporal Lobe Cortex
Authors: Martin Chris B. , Douglas Danielle M. , Man Louisa L. Y. , Newsome Rachel N. , Kretschmar Ryan A. , Park Haley , Aslam Hira M. , Barense Morgan D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The ability to flexibly categorize object concepts is essential to semantic cognition because the features that make two objects similar in one context may be irrelevant and even constitute interference in another. Thus, adaptive behavior in complex and dynamic environments requires the resolution of feature-based interference. In the current case study, we placed visual and functional semantic features in opposition across object concepts in two categorization tasks. Successful performance required the resolution of functional interference in a visual categorization task and the resolution of visual interference in a functional categorization task. In Experiment 1, we found that patient D. A., an individual with bilateral temporal lobe lesions, was unable to categorize object concepts in a context-dependent manner. His impairment was characterized by an increased tendency to incorrectly group objects that were similar on the task-irrelevant dimension, revealing an inability to resolve cross-modal semantic interference. In Experiment 2, D. A.'s categorization accuracy was comparable to controls when lures were removed, indicating that his impairment is unique to contexts that involve cross-modal interference. In Experiment 3, he again performed as well as controls when categorizing simple concepts, suggesting that his impairment is specific to categorization of complex object concepts. These results advance our understanding of the anterior temporal lobe as a system that represents object concepts in a manner that enables flexible semantic cognition. Specifically, they reveal a dissociation between semantic representations that contribute to the resolution of cross-modal interference and those that contribute to the resolution of interference within a given modality.
Perceptual Training as Means to Assess the Effect of Alpha Frequency on Temporal Binding Window
Authors: Venskus Agnese 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For decades, it has been shown that alpha frequency is related to temporal binding window, and currently, such is the mainstream viewpoint [Noguchi, Y. Individual differences in beta frequency correlate with the audio–visual fusion illusion. Psychophysiology, 59, e14041, 2022; Gray, M. J., & Emmanouil, T. A. Individual alpha frequency increases during a task but is unchanged by alpha-band flicker. Psychophysiology, 57, e13480, 2020; Hirst, R. J., McGovern, D. P., Setti, A., Shams, L., & Newell, F. N. What you see is what you hear: Twenty years of research using the sound-induced flash illusion. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 118, 759–774, 2020; Keil, J. Double flash illusions: Current findings and future directions. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14, 298, 2020; Migliorati, D., Zappasodi, F., Perrucci, M. G., Donno, B., Northoff, G., Romei, V., & Costantini, M. Individual alpha frequency predicts perceived visuotactile simultaneity. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32, 1–11, 2020; Keil, J., & Senkowski, D. Individual alpha frequency relates to the sound-induced flash illusion. Multisensory Research, 30, 565–578, 2017; Minami, S., & Amano, K. Illusory jitter perceived at the frequency of alpha oscillations. Current Biology, 27, 2344–2351, 2017; Cecere, R., Rees, G., & Romei, V. Individual differences in alpha frequency drive crossmodal illusory perception. Current Biology, 25, 231–235, 2015]. However, recently, this stance has been challenged [Buergers, S., & Noppeney, U. The role of alpha oscillations in temporal binding within and across the senses. Nature Human Behaviour, 6, 732–742, 2022]. Moreover, both stances appear to have their limitations regarding the reliability of results. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to develop new methodology to gain more reliable results. Perceptual training seems to be such a method that also offers significant practical implications.
Meteorological Driving Datasets for the U.S. Midwest and Great Lakes Region Incorporating Precipitation Gauge Undercatch Corrections
Authors: Huidobro Gonzalo , Chiu Chun-Mei , Byun Kyuhyun , Hamlet Alan F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Precipitation (P) gauge undercatch (PUC) is an important source of error when using observed meteorological datasets for hydrologic modeling studies in regions with cold and windy winters. Preliminary simulations using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrological model forced with different meteorological datasets showed significant underprediction of simulated streamflow throughout the domain. A new hybrid gridded meteorological dataset at 1/16° resolution based on observed station data was assembled over the U.S. Midwest and Great Lakes region from 1915 to 2021 at a daily time step. Correction of primary station data using existing techniques is generally difficult or infeasible in the United States due to missing station metadata and lack of local wind speed (WS) measurements. We developed and tested several different postprocessing adjustment techniques using regridded WS obtained from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis. The most effective approach corrected rain or mixed P using WS alone, and P as snow using a regressed snow-to-P ratio from a group of wind-shielded reference stations (to account for different and generally unknown snow measurement techniques). The PUC-corrected gridded products were validated against high-quality shielded stations and corrected Global Historical Climatology Network stations with in situ WS, showing good overall agreement. Observed monthly streamflow at 40 river basins was also compared to hydrologic model simulations forced by datasets with and without PUC corrections. The best PUC-corrected dataset produced improvements in streamflow simulations in at least 80% of the streamflow locations for three validation metrics (r2, Nash–Sutcliff efficiency, bias in the mean), demonstrating its value for hydrometeorological studies in the greater Midwest region.

Significance Statement
Many applications in hydrology require in situ precipitation (P) measurements, which are known to have a systematic low bias due to the effects of wind, also known as precipitation undercatch (PUC). Addressing PUC is problematic in the United States due to limited access to detailed station metadata (SMD) and local wind speed (WS) measurements. In this paper we develop a set of procedures to create gridded precipitation datasets for the U.S. Midwest region that incorporate corrections for PUC without needing either (i) detailed SMD or (ii) local WS measurements. Among other tests, results in 40 test basins throughout the Midwest show substantial improvements in simulated streamflow in 32 out of 40 basins when PUC corrections are included in meteorological driving datasets.
Factors Affecting the Rapid Recovery of CAPE on 31 March 2016 during VORTEX-Southeast
Authors: LaFleur Allison T. , Tanamachi Robin L. , Dawson Daniel T. , Turner David D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, we analyze various sources of CAPE in the environment and their contributions to its time tendency that will complement forecast models and operational analyses that are relatively temporally (∼1 h) coarse. As a case study, the relative roles of direct insolation and near-surface moisture advection in the recovery CAPE on 31 March 2016 in northern Alabama are examined using VORTEX-Southeast (VORTEX-SE) observations and numerical simulations. In between rounds of nontornadic morning storms and tornadic evening storms, CAPE over the VORTEX-SE domain increased from near zero to at least 500 J kg−1. A timeline of the day’s events is provided with a focus on the evolution of the lower levels of the atmosphere. We focus on its responses to solar insolation and moisture advection, which we hypothesize as the main mechanisms behind the recovery of CAPE. Data from the University of Massachusetts S-Band frequency-modulated, continuous-wave (FMCW) radar and NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) Collaborative Lower Atmospheric Mobile Profiling System (CLAMPS), and high-resolution EnKF analyses from the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) are used to characterize the boundary layer evolution in the pre-tornadic storm environment. It is found that insolation-driven surface diabatic heating was the primary driver of rapid CAPE recovery on this day. The methodology developed in this case can be applied in other scenarios to diagnose the primary drivers of CAPE development.

Significance Statement
The mechanisms by which atmospheric instability recovers can vary widely and are often a source of uncertainty in forecasting. We want to understand how and why the environment destabilized enough to produce an evening tornado following morning storms on 31 March 2016. To do this, we used model data and observations from a collocated radar and profiler. It was found that heating from the sun at the surface was the primary cause of destabilization in the environment.
Traumatic Popliteal Artery Occlusion Following Lower Extremity Crush Injury Presenting With Isolated Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Amro Chris , Parekh Akshat T. , Diamond Keith , Lissauer Matthew E. , Butts Christopher A. 
Published: March 2023

While traumatic popliteal artery injury historically has a low incidence, failure to acutely recognize the vascular insult poses a significant risk of limb loss and functional impairment. A 71-year-old male presented with left lower extremity pain in setting of a crush injury working underneath a vehicle resulting in an isolated lateral dislocation of his patella and complete occlusion of the distal popliteal artery. He was taken to the operating room for an in-situ bypass and four-compartment fasciotomy. His hospital stay included three staged washouts/debridements with eventual closure. He was discharged after 38 days to a rehabilitation facility with ability to self-ambulate with assistance within one month. This patient’s presentation is unique for his isolated patellar dislocation without associated injuries characteristically associated with a traumatic vascular injury of the popliteal artery and serves to remind the importance of complete examination in the setting of blunt trauma.