bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Runx2 overexpression promotes bone repair of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH)
Authors: Xu Hai-Jia , Liu Xiang-Zhong , Yang Lu , Ning Yu , Xu Liang-Liang , Sun Da-Ming , Liao Wen , Yang Yi , Li Zhang-Hua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) has been considered an inducer to improve bone repair ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Methods and results
Twenty-four rabbits were used to establish Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and randomly devided into four groups: Adenovirus Runx2 (Ad-Runx2) group, Runx2-siRNA group, MSCs group and Model group. At 1 week after model establishment, the Ad-Runx2 group was treated with 5 × 107 MSCs transfected through Ad-Runx2, the Runx2-siRNA group was treated with 5 × 107 MSCs transfected through Runx2-siRNA, the MSCs group was injected with 5 × 107 untreated MSCs, and the Model group was treated with saline. The injection was administered at 1 week and 3 weeks after model establishment. The expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), Runx2 and Osterix from the femoral head was detected at 3 and 6 weeks after MSCs being injected, and Masson Trichrome Staining, Gross Morphology, X-ray and CT images observation were used to evaluate the repair effect of ONFH. The data revealed that the expression of BMP-2, Runx2 and Osterix in the Runx2-siRNA group was reduced at 3 weeks compared with the MSCs group, and then the expression further reduced at 6 weeks, but was still higher than the Model group besides Osterix; The expression of these three genes in the Ad-Runx2 group was higher than in the MSCs group. Masson Trichrome Staining, Gross Morphology and X-ray and CT images observation revealed that necrotic femoral head of the MSCs group was more regular and smooth than the Runx2-siRNA group, which has a collapsed and irregular femoral head. In the Ad-Runx2 group, necrotic femoral head was basically completely repaired and covered by rich cartilage and bone tissue.

Conclusions
Overexpression of Runx2 can improve osteoblastic phenotype maintenance of MSCs and promote necrotic bone repair of ONFH.
Sensitivity to change of generic preference-based instruments (EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, and HUI3) in the context of treatment for people with prescription-type opioid use disorder in Canada
Authors: Whitehurst David G. T. , Mah Cassandra , Krebs Emanuel , Enns Benjamin , Socias M. Eugenia , Jutras-Aswad Didier , Le Foll Bernard , Nosyk Bohdan ,   For the OPTIMA Research Group within the Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Using data from a randomized controlled trial for treatment of prescription-type opioid use disorder in Canada, this study examines sensitivity to change in three preference-based instruments [EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, and the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3)] and explores an oft-overlooked consideration when working with contemporaneous responses for similar questions—data quality.

Methods
Analyses focused on the relative abilities of three instruments to capture change in health status. Distributional methods were used to categorize individuals as ‘improved’ or ‘not improved’ for eight anchors (seven clinical, one generic). Sensitivity to change was assessed using area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristics) curve (AUC) analysis and comparisons of mean change scores for three time periods. A ‘strict’ data quality criteria, defined a priori, was applied. Analyses were replicated using ‘soft’ and ‘no’ criteria.

Results
Data from 160 individuals were used in the analysis; 30% had at least one data quality violation at baseline. Despite mean index scores being significantly lower for the HUI3 compared with EQ-5D instruments at each time point, the magnitudes of change scores were similar. No instrument demonstrated superior sensitivity to change. While six of the 10 highest AUC estimates were for the HUI3, ‘moderate’ classifications of discriminative ability were identified in 12 (of 22) analyses for each EQ-5D instrument, compared with eight for the HUI3.

Conclusion
Negligible differences were observed between the EQ-5D-3L, EQ-5D-5L, and HUI3 regarding the ability to measure change. The prevalence of data quality violations—which differed by ethnicity—requires further investigation.
Use of the visual analogue scale for health state valuation: a scoping review
Authors: Åström Mimmi , Thet Lwin Zin Min , Teni Fitsum Sebsibe , Burström Kristina , Berg Jenny 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The visual analogue scale (VAS) has been used in the context of health and healthcare for various purposes, for example, to measure pain and to provide a single-index measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This scoping review aims to describe how the VAS has been used for health state valuation in the published literature.

Methods
The search was carried out in Medline, Web of Science and PsycInfo. The findings of the included articles were tabulated and presented descriptively using frequencies and proportions.

Results
The database search yielded 4856 unique articles, out of these, 308 were included. In 83% of the articles, the main purpose for using a VAS was to value health states. The two most common perspectives when valuing health states with a VAS were hypothetical (44%) and own health (34%). Some (n = 14) articles used the VAS in the context of economic evaluations, including calculating quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). A large variation in the design of the VAS was found, including the description of the lower and upper anchors. Advantages and disadvantages with using a VAS were mentioned in 14% of the included articles.

Conclusion
The VAS has been a common method for valuing health states, both as a stand-alone method and in combination with other valuation methods. Despite its widespread use, the design of the VAS has been inconsistent which makes comparison of results across studies challenging. Further research on the role of using the VAS in economic evaluations is warranted.
Turbulence, Intermittency, and Cross-Scale Energy Transfer in an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
Authors: Márquez Rodríguez Roque , Sorriso-Valvo Luca , Yordanova Emiliya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSolar wind measurements carried out by NASA’s Wind spacecraft before, during, and after the passing of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME), detected on 12 – 14 September 2014, have been used in order to examine several properties of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Spectral indices and flatness scaling exponents of magnetic field, velocity, and proton density measurements were obtained, and provided a standard description of the characteristics of turbulence within different sub-regions of the ICME and its surroundings. This analysis was followed by the validation of the third-order moment scaling law for isotropic, incompressible MHD turbulence in the same sub-regions, which confirmed the fully developed nature of turbulence in the ICME plasma. The energy transfer rate was also estimated in each ICME sub-region and in the surrounding solar wind. An exceptionally high value was found within the ICME sheath, accompanied by enhanced intermittency, possibly related to the powerful energy injection associated with the arrival of the ICME.
Survivorship and food consumption of immatures and adults of Apis mellifera and Scaptotrigona bipunctata exposed to genetically modified eucalyptus pollen
Authors: dos Santos Charles F. , Ramos Jenifer D. , de Carvalho Fernanda G. , Dorneles Andressa L. , Menezes Thais R. D. , Pinheiro Ana Cristina , Blochtein Betina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEucalyptuscomprises the largest planted area of cultivated production forest in Brazil. Genetic modification (GM) of eucalyptus can provide additional characteristics for increasing productivity and protecting wood yield, as well as potentially altering fiber for a diversity of industrial uses. However, prior to releasing a new GM plant, risk assessments studies with non-target organisms must be undertaken. Bees are prominent biological models since they play an important role in varied ecosystems, including forEucalyptuspollination. The main goal of this study was to evaluate whether a novel event (Eucalyptus751K032), which carries thecp4-epspsgene that encodes the protein CP4-EPSPS andnptIIgene that encodes the protein NPTII, might adversely affect honey bees (Apis mellifera) and stingless bees (Scaptotrigona bipunctata). The experiments were performed in southern Brazil, as follows: (i) larvae and adults were separately investigated, (ii) three or four different pollen diets were offered to bees, depending on larval or adult status, and (iii) two biological attributes,i.e., survivorship of larvae and adults and food intake by adults were evaluated. The diets were prepared with pollen from GMEucalyptus751K032; pollen from conventionalEucalyptusclone FGN-K, multifloral pollen or pure larval food. The insecticide dimethoate was used to evaluate the sensitivity of bees to toxic substances. Datasets were analyzed with Chi-square test, survival curves and repeated measures ANOVA. Results indicated no evidence of adverse effects of Eucalyptus pollen 751K032 on either honey bees or stingless bees assessed here. Therefore, the main findings suggest that the novel event may be considered harmless to these organisms since neither survivorship nor food consumption by bees were affected by it.
Associations of continuous anionic gap detection with the mortality in critically ill patients receiving renal replacement therapy
Authors: Zhai Yiling , Luo Changjun , Zhou Tao , Zeng Guangzhi , Huang Qiongyan , Li Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the associations of anion gap (AG) levels before and 1-day after hemodialysis as well as anion gap changes with the mortality in critically ill patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Methods
Totally, 637 patients from MIMIC-III were included in this cohort study. The associations between AG (T0), AG (T1), or ∆AG [AG (T0) − AG (T1)], and the risk of 30-day or 1-year mortality were examined by Cox restricted cubic spline regression models. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model was applied to assess the associations between AG (T0), AG (T1), ∆AG with 30-day and 1-year mortality, respectively.

Results
The median follow-up time was 18.60 (8.53, 38.16) days and 263 (41.3%) patients were survived. There was a linear relationship between AG (T0), AG (T1) or ∆AG and the risk of 30-day or 1-year mortality, respectively. The risk of 30-day mortality was higher in AG (T0) > 21 group (HR = 1.723, 95% CI 1.263–2.350), and AG (T1) > 22.3 group (HR = 2.011, 95% CI 1.417–2.853), while lower in AG > 0 group (HR = 0.664, 95% CI 0.486–0.907). The risk of 1-year mortality was increased in AG (T0) > 21 group (HR = 1.666, 95% CI 1.310–2.119), and AG (T1) > 22.3 group (HR = 1.546, 95% CI 1.159–2.064), while decreased in AG > 0 group (HR = 0.765, 95% CI 0.596–0.981). Patients with AG (T0) ≤ 21 had higher 30-day and 1-year survival probability than those with AG (T0) > 21.

Conclusion
AG before and after dialysis as well as the changes of AG were important factors associated with the risk of 30-day and 1-year mortality in critically ill patients receiving RRT.
Differentiation of silent corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) from non-functioning PitNETs using kinetic analysis of dynamic MRI
Authors: Amano Taishi , Masumoto Tomohiko , Watanabe Daisuke , Hoshiai Sodai , Mori Kensaku , Sakamoto Noriaki , Kino Hiroyoshi , Akutsu Hiroyoshi , Nakajima Takahito 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Silent corticotroph pituitary adenomas (SCAs)/pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are common non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs)/PitNETs with a clinically aggressive course. This study aimed to investigate the ability of time-intensity analysis of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for distinguishing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-positive SCAs and ACTH-negative SCAs from other NFAs.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively evaluated the dynamic MRI findings of patients with NFAs. The initial slope of the kinetic curve (slopeini) obtained by dynamic MRI for each tumor was analyzed using a modified empirical mathematical model. The maximum slope of the kinetic curve (slopemax) was obtained by geometric calculation.

Results
A total of 106 patients with NFAs (11 ACTH-positive SCAs, 5 ACTH-negative SCAs, and 90 other NFAs) were evaluated. The kinetic curves of ACTH-positive SCAs had significantly lesser slopeini and slopemax compared with ACTH-negative SCAs (P = 0.040 and P = 0.001, respectively) and other NFAs (P = 0.018 and P = 0.035, respectively). Conversely, the slopeini and slopemax were significantly greater in ACTH-negative SCAs than in NFAs other than ACTH-negative SCAs (P = 0.033 and P = 0.044, respectively). In receiver operating characteristic analysis of ACTH-positive SCAs and other NFAs, the area under the curve (AUC) values for slopeini and slopemax were 0.762 and 0748, respectively. In predicting ACTH-negative SCAs, the AUC values for slopeini and slopemax were 0.784 and 0.846, respectively.

Conclusions
Dynamic MRI can distinguish ACTH-positive SCAs and ACTH-negative SCAs from other NFAs.
Fabrication of Calcium Phosphate Coatings by the Inflight Reaction of Precursor Feedstocks Using Plasma Spraying
Authors: Chahal H. K. , Matthews S. , Jones M. I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) coatings are often made in a two-step process, where hydroxyapatite is firstly synthesized, and then applied as a coating for different applications. One way to make the process more efficient, is to combine the synthesis and coating processes into a single step. Plasma spray is a common method used to apply hydroxyapatite as a coating, as it is a fast and controlled method of coating materials. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inflight reaction of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O) to synthesize hydroxyapatite using plasma spray. Various plasma spray parameters were used to observe their effect on the quantity of hydroxyapatite produced in the coating. Phase analysis was carried out using XRD, and the morphology of the coatings was observed using SEM. Plasma spray coatings containing hydroxyapatite, tetracalcium phosphate (Ca4(PO4)2O) and calcium oxide (CaO) were successfully made from the reaction between the precursor powders. The plasma spray parameters which influenced the particle velocity were found to have the largest effect on the quantity of hydroxyapatite produced in the coating. The plasma temperature was also found to affect the amount of hydroxyapatite produced.
‘Isn’t It a Bit Rough?’ – Vietnamese Audience Reception of Wrist-grabbing in Korean Television Dramas, Feminist Consciousness, and Fantasy
Authors: Gammon Thi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOver the past two decades, Korean television drama (K-drama), which stands at the forefront of the Korean Wave, the popularisation of South Korean pop culture worldwide, has raised controversy over male characters’ sexist and patriarchal behaviours. At the centre of such controversy is the trope of wrist-grabbing, characterised by a man’s attempt to grasp a woman’s wrist to drag her to another place and force a conversation. Previous studies about international fans have revealed strong disapproving reactions, especially from feminist-identified viewers. This article on Vietnamese audience reception showed variations: some enjoyed wrist-grabbing, some condemned the act, while others exhibited ambivalence. These varied responses expose many influencing factors: Confucian-inflected patriarchal values, feminist discourses, lived experiences, and suspension of disbelief in media consumption. This analysis of the audience readings of fiction reveals some truth about gender politics in Vietnam, including a certain level of patriarchal celebration and weak feminist consciousness. The article contributes to contemporary Vietnamese studies, gender studies, research of the Korean Wave, and media audience research.
In-vitro Modulation of mTOR-HIF-1α Axis by TLR7/8 Agonist (Resiquimod) in B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Hanafy Rana M. , Demian Soheir R. , Abou-Shamaa Lobna A. , Ghallab O. , Osman Eman M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTargeting toll-like receptors (TLRs), via TLR agonists, has been implicated in the regulation of immunometabolism. B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) represents a suitable model for B-cell derived malignancies with shifted metabolic adaptations. Several signaling pathways have been found to be critical in metabolic reprogramming of CLL, including mechanistic target of rapamycin- hypoxia inducible factor-1α (mTOR- HIF-1α) pathway, the main metabolic regulator of glycolysis. Here, we investigated the effect of TLR7/8 agonist (Resiquimod) on the expression of mTOR and HIF-1α in patients with CLL. B cells were purified using Rosettesep Human B cell Enrichment Cocktail (Stem cell Technologies, Vancouver, BC, Canada#15,024) from peripheral venous blood of CLL patients (n = 20) and healthy individuals (n = 15). Isolated B cells were then cultured in both presence and absence of Resiquimod. Gene expression of mTOR and HIF-1α were assessed using qRT-PCR. Resiquimod significantly decreased mTOR and HIF-1α gene expression in both CLL (p < 0.001and p < 0.001, respectively) and Normal B cells (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). Resiquimod may reprogram immunometabolism of malignant B-CLL cells via down-regulation of key glycolytic metabolic actors, mTOR and HIF-1α genes. Accordingly, Resiquimod may be an adjuvant as a therapeutic tool for CLL, which needs to be studied further.
Heuristics for the shelf space allocation problem
Authors: Czerniachowska Kateryna , Michalak Krzysztof , Hernes Marcin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe retailers’ goals to maximize the profit of the products in stores are realized on the planogram shelves. In this paper, we investigated a practical shelf space allocation model with a visible horizontal and vertical grouping of products into categories, which takes into account the number of facings, capping and nesting of a product. The result is four groups of constraints, such as shelf constraints, product constraints, multi-shelves constraints, and category constraints that are used in the model. We proposed 6 heuristics to solve the planogram profit maximization problem. The developed techniques on which heuristics are based may be applied to other category of management shelf space allocation problems because all of them share the same nature of the problem, i.e., the initial step of creating the allocation of products on the shelf and steps in which shelves are combined. Experiments were based on data sets generated according to contemporary real retail conditions. The efficiency of the designed heuristics has been estimated using the CPLEX solver.
A comprehensive framework towards segmenting and classifying breast cancer patients using deep learning and Aquila optimizer
Authors: Balaha Hossam Magdy , Antar Esraa Raffik , Saafan Mahmoud M. , El-Gendy Eman M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is among the major frequent types of cancer worldwide, causing a significant death rate every year. It is the second most prevalent malignancy in Egypt. With the increasing number of new cases, it is vital to diagnose breast cancer in its early phases to avoid serious complications and deaths. Therefore, routine screening is important. With the current evolution of deep learning, medical imaging became one of the interesting fields. The purpose of the current work is to suggest a hybrid framework for both the classification and segmentation of breast scans. The framework consists of two phases, namely the classification phase and the segmentation phase. In the classification phase, five different CNN architectures via transfer learning, namely MobileNet, MobileNetV2, NasNetMobile, VGG16, and VGG19, are applied. Aquila optimizer is used for the calculation of the optimal hyperparameters of the different TL architectures. Four different datasets representing four different modalities (i.e., MRI, Mammographic, Ultrasound images, and Histopathology slides) are used for training purposes. The framework can perform both binary- and multi-class classification. In the segmentation phase, five different structures, namely U-Net, Swin U-Net, Attention U-Net, U-Net++, and V-Net, are applied to identify the region of interest in the ultrasound breast images. The reported results prove the efficiency of the suggested framework against current state-of-the-art studies.
A multi-item scale for open strategy measurement
Authors: Radomska Joanna , Szpulak Aleksandra , Wołczek Przemysław 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent trends in strategic management and the strategy-as-practice stream of research have led to a proliferation of studies on open strategy. However, there is a general lack of research focused on valid and reliable measures of open strategy. In this paper, we developed and validated the open strategy scale to measure open strategy constructs derived from two dimensions—transparency and inclusion. We used the mixed methods composed in the multi-phase model of scale development. As a result, we have proposed a multi-item scale to measure the strategy openness. Our results demonstrate the validity and reliability of the scale proposed. The main implication of this research is that the scale may serve as both—an integrated tool for assessment of the overall level of open strategy development and an instrument for more detailed analysis of constructs to reveal the room for improvement or investigate the effect brought by managerial decisions.
Transformer tracking with multi-scale dual-attention
Authors: Wang Jun , Lai Changwang , Zhang Wenshuang , Wang Yuanyun , Meng Chenchen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTransformer-based trackers greatly improve tracking success rate and precision rate. Attention mechanism in Transformer can fully explore the context information across successive frames. Nevertheless, it ignores the equally important local information and structured spatial information. And irrelevant regions may also affect the template features and search region features. In this work, a multi-scale feature fusion network is designed with box attention and instance attention in Encoder–Decoder architecture based on Transformer. After extracting features, the local information and structured spatial information is learnt by multi-scale box attention, and the global context information is explored by instance attention. Box attention samples grid features from the region of interest. Therefore, it effectively focuses on the region of interest (ROI) and avoids the influence of irrelevant regions in feature extraction. At the same time, instance attention can also pay attention to the context information across successive frames, and avoid falling into local optimum. The long-range feature dependencies are learned in this stage. Extensive experiments are conducted on six challenging tracking datasets to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed tracker MDTT, including UAV123, GOT-10k, LaSOT, VOT2018, TrackingNet, and NfS. In particular, the proposed tracker achieves AUC score of $$64.7 \% $$

64.7
%

on LaSOT, $$78.1 \%$$

78.1
%

on TrackingNet and precision score of $$89.2 \%$$

89.2
%

on UAV123, which outperforms the baseline and most recent advanced trackers.