bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of statistical shape modeling and alternating interpolation-based model tracking technique for measuring knee kinematics in vivo using clinical interleaved bi-plane fluoroscopy
Authors: Lu Hsuan-Yu , Lin Cheng-Chung , Shih Kao-Shang , Lu Tung-Wu , Kuo Mei-Ying , Li Song-Ying , Hsu Horng-Chaung 
Published: June 2023

Background
A 2D fluoroscopy/3D model-based registration with statistical shape modeling (SSM)-reconstructed subject-specific bone models will help reduce radiation exposure for 3D kinematic measurements of the knee using clinical alternating bi-plane fluoroscopy systems. The current study aimed to develop such an approach and evaluate in vivo its accuracy and identify the effects of the accuracy of SSM models on the kinematic measurements.

Methods
An alternating interpolation-based model tracking (AIMT) approach with SSM-reconstructed subject-specific bone models was used for measuring 3D knee kinematics from dynamic alternating bi-plane fluoroscopy images. A two-phase optimization scheme was used to reconstruct subject-specific knee models from a CT-based SSM database of 60 knees using one, two, or three pairs of fluoroscopy images. Using the CT-reconstructed model as a benchmark, the performance of the AIMT with SSM-reconstructed models in measuring bone and joint kinematics during dynamic activity was evaluated in terms of mean target registration errors (mmTRE) for registered bone poses and the mean absolute differences (MAD) for each motion component of the joint poses.

Results
The mmTRE of the femur and tibia for one image pair were significantly greater than those for two and three image pairs without significant differences between two and three image pairs. The MAD was 1.16 to 1.22° for rotations and 1.18 to 1.22 mm for translations using one image pair. The corresponding values for two and three image pairs were 0.75 to 0.89° and 0.75 to 0.79 mm; and 0.57 to 0.79° and 0.6 to 0.69 mm, respectively. The MAD values for one image pair were significantly greater than those for two and three image pairs without significant differences between two and three image pairs.

Conclusions
An AIMT approach with SSM-reconstructed models was developed, enabling the registration of interleaved fluoroscopy images and SSM-reconstructed models from more than one asynchronous fluoroscopy image pair. This new approach had sub-millimeter and sub-degree measurement accuracy when using more than one image pair, comparable to the accuracy of CT-based methods. This approach will be helpful for future kinematic measurements of the knee with reduced radiation exposure using 3D fluoroscopy with clinically alternating bi-plane fluoroscopy systems.
Atypical Presentations of Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis in an Immunocompetent Adult: Ectopic Calcification (Aneurysm of Sinus of Valsalva) and Large Vessel (Left Subclavian Artery) Stenosis in the Background of Adrenal Insufficiency
Authors: Mondal Md. Karimulla , Islam Jemima , Agarwal Vaibhav , Ghosh Sumit Kumar , Ghosh Soumitra 
Published: June 2023

Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal disease caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum and is more common in immunocompromised patients. Histoplasmosis can present with a wide range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic illness to severe organ dysfunctions and may need hospitalization. Histoplasmosis is a major opportunistic infection in North and Central America. Disseminated histoplasmosis is a progressive extrapulmonary infection, caused by hematogenous spread, mostly found in immunosuppressed patients.
Reports of histoplasmosis in nonendemic regions are very rare. Due to the varied and nonspecific clinical manifestations of histoplasmosis, most of the infections are misdiagnosed or underreported.
Here, we report a case of disseminated histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent individual from a non-endemic zone in eastern India, presented with long term fever along with ectopic calcification (Aneurysm of Sinus of Valsalva) and large vessel (left subclavian artery) stenosis in the background of adrenal insufficiency.
Coronaro Cameral Fistula: Literature Review, Diagnosis and Management, about a Case
Authors: Harouna Seydou , Hamine Yousra , Adam Fadoul , Brahim Nassour , Haboub Meryem , Arous Salim , Bennouna El Ghali , Azzouzi Leila , Habbal Rachida 
Published: June 2023

A coronary fistula is defined as a direct connection between a coronary artery and a heart chamber, great vessel, or other vascular structure that "bypasses" the myocardial capillary bed. This is a rare pathology that is usually not discovered until later in life, and exceptionally not during childhood. We report the case of a young patient who was hospitalized for chest pain and shortness of breath and who was found to have a coronary fistula on angiography.
A 66-year-old patient. Hypertension on dual therapy for 16 years and diabetes on OAD (Oral Antidiabetic) for 4 years. He was hospitalized with typical angina pectoris and dyspnea, and the stress test was positive. Laboratory examination revealed a good general condition with NYHA stage 3 dyspneic angina pectoris extending to the upper extremities and no evidence of heart failure. Looking at the balance, we see a slight increase in troponin. ECG returns to regular sinus rhythm, with electrical LVH (left ventricular hypertrophy) and ambient negative waves, no rhythm or conduction abnormalities. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) reverses hypertensive heart disease with good global and partial contractility without significant valvular disease associated with systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP) at 35 mmHg. Coronary angiography is performed and shows evidence of minor involvement of the central CX artery and a coronary camera fistula from the first diagonal artery draining into the left ventricle.
Management was about optimizing medical care. The patient received an appointment and was declared discharged.
Coronary camera fistulae are rare, found in approximately 0.3% of coronary angiographic studies performed. Most are congenital and may occur primarily due to trauma, erosive infection of the vessel wall, or iatrogenicity during transluminal coronary angioplasty, myocardial biopsy, or valve replacement. In many cases, simple but complex forms can be described. The gold standard for confirming the diagnosis remains coronary angiography, which highlights both the affected arteries and drainage sites. Cardiac scanners occupy an increasingly important position, especially as they provide morphologically accurate information. Surgical or percutaneous treatment of the fistula with a coil is recommended in symptomatic adult patients, especially those with significant or complicated right-to-left shunts. The authors suggest treatment with β-blockers when multiple sinusoidal fistulas associated with ventricular wall hypertrophy are present. Close monitoring is recommended for asymptomatic small fistula.
Corneal fistula is a rare congenital or acquired condition that is mostly asymptomatic and discovered in adulthood. Coronary angiography and heart scan can be used to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is usually surgical or endovascular. However, in some cases, drug treatment with beta-blockers may help.
Properties of Self Compacting Concrete Containing Silica Fume as a Sustainable Alternative: A Review
Authors: Vyas Vishal , Shekhawat Ranveer Singh 
Published: June 2023

The most frequently used building material on this planet is concrete. Concrete is the supreme user of natural resources as a result of its widespread use as construction material. Cement production produces significant amount of greenhouse emissions. The protection of environment has become challenging in many developing countries, 7-8% of CO2 is produced by the cement industry that causes huge damage to the environment. In concrete production, Silica fumes can be a partial alternative to cement. In this study, the properties of self-compacting concrete incorporating silica fumes are reviewed. Slump flow, funnel, L-box, compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength are among qualities of self-compacting concrete with silica fumes that have been discussed in this study. The cement was replaced by silica fumes in the ratio of 0% to 30% in concrete, cement content can be reduced, which turns into an eco-friendly solution.
Nutritional Values of Biscuits and Kachari with Varying Concentrations of Germinated Wheat Flour, Pearl Millet Flour and Mung Beans Flour
Authors: Yadav Pragati , Yadav Mohit , Sonkar Seema 
Published: June 2023

Cluster fig, goolar in hindi, is a medicinal fruit, widely found in India. It is a rich source of iron and other micronutrients. Wheat is a staple food of Indian diet which is an energy dense food. It is a good source of carbohydrate & protein. Pearl Millet is most widely grown type of millet. It is known for its calorie value; vitamins & minerals present in it. Mung bean which belongs to the family of legumes has high calorie in it & is also a very good source of protein & poly-unsaturated fatty acid. For this study cluster fig powder, germinated wheat flour, germinated mung bean flour, germinated pearl millet, carrot powder & beetroot powder have been used. The product development was done using the above-mentioned ingredients. Two products with three treatments of varying quantity of ingredients was used for product development. The developed products undergone sensory and proximate analysis. Each treatment has three different replications to minimise the error during proximate analysis. Each product has three treatments for sensory evaluation and nutritional assessment with three different replications.
The organoleptic evaluation highlight that the taste becomes bitter and the acceptability decrease with. Increased quantity of cluster fig. The proximate analysis concludes that with increase in the quantity of cluster fig, the iron and zinc content of the products increase. This study shed light on evaluation of organoleptic acceptability and nutritive & medicinal properties of cluster fig. It also provides idea on how much quantity of cluster fig powder & other ingredients should be used in various processed convenience healthy food. The research aims at highlighting the use of cluster fig which is widely available in India but has never been used to make convenience.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Drones for the Analysis of Agricultural Land Use in the Mining Lease
Authors: Kaushal Hitanshu , Bhatnagar Anupam 
Published: June 2023

The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) has facilitated the automation of drone control, which includes the management of navigation and movement. This application can be accomplished through several methods, including GPS tracking, computer vision, and machine learning algorithms. Drones exhibit a distinctive combination of spatial coverage and resolution, rendering them indispensable for land survey and mapping. The incorporation of multiple ground-control points has the potential to yield high precision georeferencing for the Orthomosaic product.
In conjunction with field observations, drones provide a prompt and precise means of recording land data and its use. A drone survey and mapping operation was conducted within a mining lease situated near the village of Kanthariya, in the Tehsil and District of Chittorgarh, covering an area of 64.75 hectares, for the analysis of agricultural land use in the mining lease.
Efficacy of Organic Manure and age of Seedling on Growth and Yield of Hybrid Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)
Authors: Shamad Abdul , Singh Devi , Prasad V. M. , Bahadur Vijay , Singh Vikram 
Published: June 2023

The present study was carried out to assess the Efficacy of organic manure and age of seedling on growth, yield and quality of hybrid cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata) at the Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Science, Prayagraj, during winter season of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with factorial concept three replicated three times the result of the present investigation highlighted that incorporation of and Age of seedling T18(Farm yard manure 15 (t/ha) + Vermicompost 15 (t/ha) + 35 Days age of seedling) in response to Number of leaves plant-1, Plant height (cm), Stem diameter (cm), Leaf area (cm2), Net head weight (g), Polar diameter (cm), Equatorial diameter (cm), Whole plant fresh weight in (kg), Gross head yield (t ha-1) and Net head yield (t ha-1). Could able to cause beneficial response on the above attributes. The treatment combination comprised of FYM 15 t /ha + Vermicompost 15 t/ha+35 DAT (F2VC2D2) recorded highest gross return (Rs. 59922.00), maximum net return (Rs. 59922.00) and also benefit: cost ratio (B:C ratio 1:5.76). The highest benefit: cost ratio (B:C ratio 1:6.17) was observed by the treatment comprising of FYM 15 t /ha + Vermicompost 15 t/ha+ 25DAT (F2VC2D1).
Estimated Changes in Insulin Prices and Discounts After Entry of New Insulin Products, 2012-2019
Authors: Dickson Sean , Gabriel Nico , Gellad Walid F. , Hernandez Inmaculada 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceDespite the political salience of insulin prices, no study to date has quantified trends in insulin prices that account for manufacturer discounts (net prices).ObjectiveTo describe trends in insulin list prices and net prices faced by payers from 2012 to 2019 and estimate changes in net prices after the 2015 to 2017 entry of new insulin products.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis longitudinal study included an analysis of Medicare, Medicaid, and SSR Health drug pricing data from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019. Data analyses were performed from June 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022.ExposuresUS sales of insulin products.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNet prices faced by payers were estimated for insulin products as list prices minus manufacturer discounts negotiated in commercial and Medicare Part D markets (ie, commercial discounts). Trends in net prices were evaluated before and after the entry of new insulin products.ResultsNet prices of long-acting insulin products increased at an annual rate of 23.6% from 2012 to 2014 but decreased at an annual rate of 8.3% after the introduction of insulin glargine (Toujeo and Basaglar) and degludec (Tresiba) in 2015. Net prices of short-acting insulin increased at an annual rate of 5.6% from 2012 to 2017 but then decreased from 2018 to 2019 after the introduction of insulin aspart (Fiasp) and lispro (Admelog). For human insulin products, which did not experience entry of new products, net prices increased at an annual rate of 9.2% from 2012 to 2019. From 2012 to 2019, commercial discounts increased from 22.7% to 64.8% for long-acting insulin products, from 37.9% to 66.1% for short-acting insulin products, and from 54.9% to 63.1% for human insulin products.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this longitudinal study of US insulin products, results suggest that insulin prices substantially increased from 2012 to 2015, even after accounting for discounts. The introduction of new insulin products was followed by substantial discounting practices that lowered net prices faced by payers.
Partial Pressure of Arterial Oxygen in Healthy Adults at High Altitudes
Authors: Forrer Aglaia , Gaisl Thomas , Sevik Ahmet , Meyer Michelle , Senteler Luzi , Lichtblau Mona , Bloch Konrad Ernst , Ulrich Silvia , Furian Michael 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceWith increasing altitude, the partial pressure of inspired oxygen decreases and, consequently, the Pao2 decreases. Even though this phenomenon is well known, the extent of the reduction as a function of altitude remains unknown.ObjectiveTo calculate an effect size estimate for the decrease in Pao2 with each kilometer of vertical gain among healthy unacclimatized adults and to identify factors associated with Pao2 at high altitude (HA).Data SourcesA systematic search of PubMed and Embase was performed from database inception to April 11, 2023. Search terms included arterial blood gases and altitude.Study SelectionA total of 53 peer-reviewed prospective studies in healthy adults providing results of arterial blood gas analysis at low altitude (&amp;lt;1500 m) and within the first 3 days at the target altitude (≥1500 m) were analyzed.Data Extraction and SynthesisPrimary and secondary outcomes as well as study characteristics were extracted from the included studies, and individual participant data (IPD) were requested. Estimates were pooled using a random-effects DerSimonian-Laird model for the meta-analysis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMean effect size estimates and 95% CIs for reduction in Pao2 at HA and factors associated with Pao2 at HA in healthy adults.ResultsAll of the 53 studies involving 777 adults (mean [SD] age, 36.2 [10.5] years; 510 men [65.6%]) reporting 115 group ascents to altitudes between 1524 m and 8730 m were included in the aggregated data analysis; 13 of those studies involving 305 individuals (mean [SD] age, 39.8 [13.6] years; 185 men [60.7%]) reporting 29 ascents were included in the IPD analysis. The estimated effect size of Pao2 was −1.60 kPa (95% CI, −1.73 to −1.47 kPa) for each 1000 m of altitude gain (τ2 = 0.14; I2 = 86%). The Pao2 estimation model based on IPD data revealed that target altitude (−1.53 kPa per 1000 m; 95% CI, −1.63 to −1.42 kPa per 1000 m), age (−0.01 kPa per year; 95% CI, −0.02 to −0.003 kPa per year), and time spent at an altitude of 1500 m or higher (0.16 kPa per day; 95% CI, 0.11-0.21 kPa per day) were significantly associated with Pao2.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, the mean decrease in Pao2 was 1.60 kPa per 1000 m of vertical ascent. This effect size estimate may improve the understanding of physiological mechanisms, assist in the clinical interpretation of acute altitude illness in healthy individuals, and serve as a reference for physicians counseling patients with cardiorespiratory disease who are traveling to HA regions.
Blood Donors' Preferences Toward Incentives for Donation in China
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhai Peicong , Jiang Shan , Li Chaofan , Li Shunping 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceBlood donation is critical for health care systems, but donor retention remains challenging. Understanding donors’ preferences can inform incentive design and improve retention rates.ObjectiveTo identify donor preferences for incentive attributes and their relative importance in promoting blood donation among Chinese donors in Shandong.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis survey study fielded a discrete choice experiment (DCE) with a dual response design among blood donors, analyzing the responses under forced and unforced choice settings. The study took place from January 1 to April 30, 2022, in 3 cities (Yantai, Jinan, and Heze) representing diverse socioeconomic strata in Shandong, China. Eligible participants were blood donors aged 18 to 60 years who had donated within the preceding 12 months. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were analyzed from May to June 2022.ExposureRespondents were presented with different blood donation incentive profiles, varying in health examination, blood recipient, honor recognition, travel time, and gift value.Main Outcome and MeasureRespondent preferences for nonmonetary incentive attributes, attribute relative importance, willingness-to-discard values for attribute improvement, and estimated uptake of new incentive profiles.ResultsA total of 650 donors were invited, of which 477 were included for analysis. The respondents were predominately male (308 respondents [64.6%]), aged 18 to 34 years (291 respondents [61.0%]), and had undergraduate degrees or higher (286 respondents [59.9%]). Among the 477 valid respondents, the mean (SD) age was 31.9 (11.2) years. Respondents preferred comprehensive health examination, family members as recipients, central government recognition, 30-minute travel time, and a gift valued at 60 Renminbi (RMB). No significant differences were found between the model results of forced and unforced choice setting. Blood recipient was the most important attribute, followed by health examination and gifts, and then honor and travel time. Respondents were willing to discard RMB 32 (95% CI, 18-46) for an improved health examination and RMB 69 (95% CI, 47-92) for changing the recipient from themselves to family members. Scenario analysis estimated 80.3% (SE, 0.024) of donors would endorse the new incentive profile if the recipient was changed from themselves to family members.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this survey study, blood recipient, health examination, and gift value were perceived more important as nonmonetary incentives than travel time and honor recognition. Tailoring incentives according to these preferences may improve donor retention. Further research could help refine and optimize incentive schemes for blood donation promotion.
Pharmaceutical Applications of Organofluorine Compounds.19F NMR Fragment‐Based Discovery
Authors: Misale Antonio , Carbajo Rodrigo J. , Cid José M. , Trabanco Andrés A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe selective introduction of the small and highly electronegative fluorine atom is a well‐established strategy in medicinal chemistry. Its ability to modulate key molecular physicochemical parameters leads to improved pharmacokinetic properties such as metabolic stability and permeability. Furthermore, the fluorine atom is able to modulate molecular conformation, and it has been widely used to enhance the binding affinity to targets. On the other side, its incorporation can convey chemical instability, which may lead to molecular cleavage by drug‐metabolizing enzymes and potential safety issues. The utilization of19F NMR‐based screening for the search of novel hits is now widely extended, either with methods that use19F‐labeled small molecules (FAXS and n‐FABS) or the incorporation of fluorine in the target of interest (PrOF NMR). This chapter aims to discuss relevant applications of fluorine in medicinal chemistry and19F NMR, summarizing the most applied strategies and citing selected examples of fluorine‐containing pharmaceuticals.
International perspectives on media disinformation: Critical media literacy as antiracist pedagogy
Authors: Osei‐Tutu Araba A. Z. , Osei‐Tutu Kwaku O. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article takes an international perspective on adult learning and disinformation, exploring how they have recast the global landscape. In particular, we address former president Trump's naming of certain Caribbean and African nations as “shithole countries,” as well as other related experiences, and work to locate these comments within a neocolonial, racist episteme—what we term thesystemic imperialist syndrome. Finally, this article discusses how critical media literacy (CML) can be leveraged for adult learning, and argues that this involves a mindset change that has the potential tode‐imperializethe minds of imperialists who themselves are colonized in/by their hatred.