bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetism and berry phase manipulation in an emergent structure of perovskite ruthenate by (111) strain engineering
Authors: Ding Zhaoqing , Chen Xuejiao , Wang Zhenzhen , Zhang Qinghua , Yang Fang , Bi Jiachang , Lin Ting , Wang Zhen , Wu Xiaofeng , Gu Minghui , Meng Meng , Cao Yanwei , Gu Lin , Zhang Jiandi , Zhong Zhicheng , Liu Xiaoran , Guo Jiandong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe interplay among symmetry of lattices, electronic correlations, and Berry phase of the Bloch states in solids has led to fascinating quantum phases of matter. A prototypical system is the magnetic Weyl candidate SrRuO3, where designing and creating electronic and topological properties on artificial lattice geometry is highly demanded yet remains elusive. Here, we establish an emergent trigonal structure of SrRuO3 by means of heteroepitaxial strain engineering along the [111] crystallographic axis. Distinctive from bulk, the trigonal SrRuO3 exhibits a peculiar XY-type ferromagnetic ground state, with the coexistence of high-mobility holes likely from linear Weyl bands and low-mobility electrons from normal quadratic bands as carriers. The presence of Weyl nodes are further corroborated by capturing intrinsic anomalous Hall effect, acting as momentum-space sources of Berry curvatures. The experimental observations are consistent with our first-principles calculations, shedding light on the detailed band topology of trigonal SrRuO3 with multiple pairs of Weyl nodes near the Fermi level. Our findings signify the essence of magnetism and Berry phase manipulation via lattice design and pave the way towards unveiling nontrivial correlated topological phenomena.
A systematic safety pipeline for selection of T-cell receptors to enter clinical use
Authors: Foldvari Zsofia , Knetter Cathrine , Yang Weiwen , Gjerdingen Thea Johanne , Bollineni Ravi Chand , Tran Trung The , Lund-Johansen Fridtjof , Kolstad Arne , Drousch Kimberley , Klopfleisch Robert , Leisegang Matthias , Olweus Johanna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCancer immunotherapy using T cell receptor-engineered T cells (TCR-Ts) represents a promising treatment option. However, technologies for pre-clinical safety assessment are incomplete or inaccessible to most laboratories. Here, TCR-T off-target reactivity was assessed in five steps: (1) Mapping target amino acids necessary for TCR-T recognition, followed by (2) a computational search for, and (3) reactivity screening against, candidate cross-reactive peptides in the human proteome. Natural processing and presentation of recognized peptides was evaluated using (4) short mRNAs, and (5) full-length proteins. TCR-Ts were screened for recognition of unintended HLA alleles, and as proxy for off-target reactivity in vivo, a syngeneic, HLA-A*02:01-transgenic mouse model was used. Validation demonstrated importance of studying recognition of full-length candidate off-targets, and that the clinically applied 1G4 TCR has a hitherto unknown reactivity to unintended HLA alleles, relevant for patient selection. This widely applicable strategy should facilitate evaluation of candidate therapeutic TCRs and inform clinical decision-making.
Chinese electricity-focused input-output dataset with detailed coal power and alternative energy for 2018
Authors: Liang Yunsong , Zhang Yuning , Wang Yanhua , Zhang Hongxia , Wang Ke , Chen Zhanming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe electricity-focused input-output model is a popular approach for analysing the socio-economic and environmental impacts of electricity decarbonisation policies; however, it cannot be built directly owing to a lack of data on electricity technology. Here, we provide the Chinese electricity-focused input-output dataset, which characterises the production and distribution of 14 electricity subsectors. Based on the official input-output table for China in 2018, we disaggregate the original electricity sector by referring to macro data from statistics departments and our micro data on the unit-level cost information of China’s coal power. This is China’s most recent electricity-focused input-output dataset, featuring novel improvements in sub-electricity identification, especially mapping six detailed coal power sources and six alternative power sources. The Chinese electricity-focused input-output dataset can be used as the baseline for extensive satellite account compilation, allowing for a variety of in-depth studies on footprint analysis and policy simulations related to China’s electricity transition.
Deep learning for automated materials characterisation in core-loss electron energy loss spectroscopy
Authors: Annys Arno , Jannis Daen , Verbeeck Johan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is a well established technique in electron microscopy that yields information on the elemental content of a sample in a very direct manner. One of the persisting limitations of EELS is the requirement for manual identification of core-loss edges and their corresponding elements. This can be especially bothersome in spectrum imaging, where a large amount of spectra are recorded when spatially scanning over a sample area. This paper introduces a synthetic dataset with 736,000 labeled EELS spectra, computed from available generalized oscillator strength tables, that represents 107 K, L, M or N core-loss edges and 80 chemical elements. Generic lifetime broadened peaks are used to mimic the fine structure due to band structure effects present in experimental core-loss edges. The proposed dataset is used to train and evaluate a series of neural network architectures, being a multilayer perceptron, a convolutional neural network, a U-Net, a residual neural network, a vision transformer and a compact convolutional transformer. An ensemble of neural networks is used to further increase performance. The ensemble network is used to demonstrate fully automated elemental mapping in a spectrum image, both by directly mapping the predicted elemental content and by using the predicted content as input for a physical model-based mapping.
Twist angle dependent interlayer transfer of valley polarization from excitons to free charge carriers in WSe2/MoSe2 heterobilayers
Authors: Volmer Frank , Ersfeld Manfred , Faria Junior Paulo E. , Waldecker Lutz , Parashar Bharti , Rathmann Lars , Dubey Sudipta , Cojocariu Iulia , Feyer Vitaliy , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Schneider Claus M. , Plucinski Lukasz , Stampfer Christoph , Fabian Jaroslav , Beschoten Bernd 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted much attention in the fields of valley- and spintronics due to their property of forming valley-polarized excitons when illuminated by circularly polarized light. In TMD-heterostructures it was shown that these electron-hole pairs can scatter into valley-polarized interlayer exciton states, which exhibit long lifetimes and a twist-angle dependence. However, the question how to create a valley polarization of free charge carriers in these heterostructures after a valley selective optical excitation is unexplored, despite its relevance for opto-electronic devices. Here, we identify an interlayer transfer mechanism in twisted WSe2/MoSe2 heterobilayers that transfers the valley polarization from excitons in WSe2 to free charge carriers in MoSe2 with valley lifetimes of up to 12 ns. This mechanism is most efficient at large twist angles, whereas the valley lifetimes of free charge carriers are surprisingly short for small twist angles, despite the occurrence of interlayer excitons.
Using macromolecular electron densities to improve the enrichment of active compounds in virtual screening
Authors: Ma Wenzhi , Zhang Wei , Le Yuan , Shi Xiaoxuan , Xu Qingbo , Xiao Yang , Dou Yueying , Wang Xiaoman , Zhou Wenbiao , Peng Wei , Zhang Hongbo , Huang Bo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe quest for effective virtual screening algorithms is hindered by the scarcity of training data, calling for innovative approaches. This study presents the use of experimental electron density (ED) data for improving active compound enrichment in virtual screening, supported by ED’s ability to reflect the time-averaged behavior of ligands and solvents in the binding pocket. Experimental ED-based grid matching score (ExptGMS) was developed to score compounds by measuring the degree of matching between their binding conformations and a series of multi-resolution experimental ED grids. The efficiency of ExptGMS was validated using both in silico tests with the Directory of Useful Decoys-Enhanced dataset and wet-lab tests on Covid-19 3CLpro-inhibitors. ExptGMS improved the active compound enrichment in top-ranked molecules by approximately 20%. Furthermore, ExptGMS identified four active inhibitors of 3CLpro, with the most effective showing an IC50 value of 1.9 µM. We also developed an online database containing experimental ED grids for over 17,000 proteins to facilitate the use of ExptGMS for academic users.
How can pacific island countries meet their nationally determined contributions?
Authors: Park Susan , Owens Katherine , Summerfield-Ryan Oliver , Taylor Madeline , Ulloa Ana Maria , Viney Gemma 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPacific Island Countries (PICs) advocate for greenhouse gas emissions reductions but face many barriers in transitioning from fossil fuels. Despite these obstacles, PICs aim to shift to renewable energy to meet ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). Research suggests that this is limited by state and regulatory capacity, market structures, and access to finance. While these problems are salient, this article argues that discussions remain overly focused on technical solutions. We argue that socio-cultural factors also hinder the transition, including international actors conducting program and project development in the Pacific that insufficiently reflect local context. Drawing on recent decarbonisation policy and renewable energy project examples we argue that PICs are more likely to meet their NDC targets if the transition is fostered through cultural practices for deliberative decision making, such as Talanoa, Talanga, and community-based approaches. Such practices will deliver maximum benefits to communities and ensure a just and sustainable transition.
Active Site-directed Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Zheng Weiping 
Published: August 2023

Our biological system is enriched with enzyme-catalyzed (or enzymatic) reactions that mediate a great multitude of life processes such as gene transcription and metabolism, and the inappropriately up-regulated activity of these enzymatic reactions is a major cause of human diseases such as cancer and metabolic diseases. Therefore, the inhibitors of enzymatic reactions (generally called enzyme inhibitors) constitute a major class of therapeutic agents on the global drug market. One question would then be how to efficiently design enzyme inhibitors. This handbook is the first of its kind in the field, introducing to its readers in a single book the concepts whose exploitation has been demonstrated to be successful in efficiently furnishing effective active site-directed inhibitors for various enzymatic reactions.
The book is organized by different concepts and for each concept there is a delineation of its mode of working and its applications with different types of enzymatic reactions. Active Site-directed Enzyme Inhibitors will help its readers to quickly and efficiently obtain effective active site-directed inhibitors for any of the enzymatic reactions under study without a need to resort to library screening- and biostructure-based techniques. This handbook is ideal as an immediate resource for researchers to consult or for students to supplement their study in medicinal chemistry and related courses.
Placental syndromes and maternal cardiovascular health
Authors: Casey Helen , Dennehy Natalie , Fraser Abigail , Lees Christoph , McEniery Carmel M. , Scott Kayley , Wilkinson Ian B. , Delles Christian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The placental syndromes gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk to the mother later in life. In this review, we argue that a woman’s pre-conception cardiovascular health drives both the development of placental syndromes and long-term cardiovascular risk but acknowledge that placental syndromes can also contribute to future cardiovascular risk independent of pre-conception health. We describe how preclinical studies in models of preeclampsia inform our understanding of the links with later cardiovascular disease, and how current pre-pregnancy studies may explain relative contributions of both pre-conception factors and the occurrence of placental syndromes to long-term cardiovascular disease.
The potential of VLTI observations for the study of circumstellar disk variability
Authors: Bensberg A. , Kobus J. , Wolf S. 
Published: August 2023

Context. A characteristic feature of young stellar objects is their variability, which is caused by a variety of different physical processes. High-resolution interferometric observations in the near- and mid-infrared wavelength ranges spanning multiple epochs allow the detailed study of these processes.
Aims. We aim at investigating the expected variations of the interferometric observables connected to changes in the measured photometric fluxes of a typical variable accreting central young stellar object with a circumstellar disk.
Methods. We calculated visibilities and closure phases as well as the photometric flux of brightness distributions obtained using 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations for a model of a circumstellar disk with an accreting central star.
Results. Changes in the accretion luminosity of the central object, that is, an accreting pre-main-sequence star, can lead to significant variations in the visibility and closure phase of the star-disk system measured with instruments at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) that can be related to changes in the photometric flux. Taking into account additional effects due to baseline variation, interferometric observations can provide valuable contributions to the understanding of the underlying processes. Additionally, we provide the web application VLTI B-VAR that allows the impact of the hour angle on the visibility and closure phase for customized intensity maps to be estimated.
Mitigating potentially hazardous asteroid impacts revisited
Authors: Regály Zs. , Fröhlich V. , Berczik P. 
Published: August 2023

Contact. Potentially hazardous asteroids (PHA) in Earth-crossing orbits pose a constant threat to life on Earth. Several mitigation methods have been proposed, and the most feasible technique appears to be the disintegration of the impactor and the generation of a fragment cloud by explosive penetrators at interception. However, mitigation analyses tend to neglect the effect of orbital dynamics on the trajectory of fragments.
Aims. We aim to study the effect of orbital dynamics of the impactor’s cloud on the number of fragments that hit the Earth, assuming different interception dates. We investigate the effect of self-gravitational cohesion and the axial rotation of the impactor.
Methods. We computed the orbits of 105 fragments with a high-precision direct N-body integrator of the eighth order, running on GPUs. We considered orbital perturbations from all large bodies in the Solar System and the self-gravity of the cloud fragments.
Results. Using a series of numerical experiments, we show that orbital shear causes the fragment cloud to adopt the shape of a triaxial ellipsoid. The shape and alignment of the triaxial ellipsoid are strongly modulated by the cloud’s orbital trajectory and, hence, the impact cross-section of the cloud with respect to the Earth. Therefore, the number of fragments hitting the Earth is strongly influenced by the orbit of the impactor and the time of interception. A minimum number of impacts occur for a well-defined orientation of the impactor rotational axis, depending on the date of interception.
Conclusions. To minimise the lethal consequences of an PHA’s impact, a well-constrained interception timing is necessary. A too-early interception may not be ideal for PHAs in the Apollo or Aten groups. Thus, we find that the best time to intercept PHA is when it is at the pericentre of its orbit.
The first two-dimensional stellar structure and evolution models of rotating stars
Authors: Mombarg J. S. G. , Rieutord M. , Espinosa Lara F. 
Published: August 2023

Contact. Rotation is a key ingredient in the theory of stellar structure and evolution. Until now, stellar evolution codes operate in a one-dimensional framework for which the validity domain in regards to the rotation rate is not well understood.
Aims. In this Letter, we present the first results of self-consistent stellar models in two spatial dimensions, which compute the time evolution of a star and its rotation rate along the main sequence (MS). We also present a comparison to observations.
Methods. We make use of an extended version of the ESTER code, which solves the stellar structure of a rotating star in two dimensions with time evolution, including chemical evolution, and an implementation of rotational mixing. We computed evolution tracks for a 12 M⊙ model, once for an initial rotation rate equal to 15% of the critical frequency, and once for 50%.
Results. We first show that our model initially rotating at 15% of the critical frequency is able to reproduce all the observations of the β Cephei star HD 192575, which was recently studied with asteroseismology. Beyond the classical surface parameters, such as effective temperature or luminosity, our model also reproduces the core mass along with the rotation rate of the core and envelope at the estimated age of the star. This particular model also shows that the meridional circulation has a negligible influence on the transport of chemical elements such as nitrogen, for which the abundance may be increased at the stellar surface. Furthermore, it shows that in the late MS, nuclear evolution is faster than the relaxation time needed to reach a steady state of stellar angular momentum distribution.
Conclusions. We demonstrate that we have successfully taken a new step towards two-dimensional evolutionary modelling of rotating stars. This opens new perspectives on the understanding of the dynamics of fast rotating stars and on the way rotation impacts stellar evolution.
Models of language production and the temporal organization of
lexical access
Authors: Schiller Niels O. , Alario F.-Xavier 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter focusses on models of language
production and the temporal organization of the processes involved
in lexical access. Albert Costa contributed significantly to
advancing our understanding of lexical access. Through the
investigation of multilingual speakers, he added an important
dimension to this discussion. Here, we provide a discussion of
discrete and cascaded/interactive accounts of lexical access and
summarize some of the crucial experimental evidence that has been
offered for and against these different theories, roughly over the
years when Albert contributed to these debates. We will also discuss
whether or not lexical selection is competitive and what research on
multilingual speech production contributed to our knowledge on
lexical access. The discussion is mainly restricted to behavioral
data, with some references to electrophysiological studies. We
conclude that considering the experimental evidence a strict version
of discrete processing models is difficult to maintain. Research on
bilingual language production has made important contributions to
the discussion, however, the picture is not yet complete.
Effects of foreign-accented speech on language comprehension
processes and social cognition*
Authors: Rodriguez-Cuadrado Sara , Romero Rivas Carlos 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, we review the literature on how
foreign-accented speech modulates cognitive processes related to
language comprehension and describe the interactions between native
and non-native speakers. First, we focus on how language
comprehension processes are modulated when native listeners listen
to foreign-accented speakers. Whilst the results about
acoustic-phonetic and syntactic processing are relatively consistent
throughout the literature on the subject, there is currently a
debate on what the effects of foreign-accented speech are on
lexical-semantic processing. Secondly, we analyze the literature on
how foreign listeners process foreign-accented speech, a field of
research that has grown recently. Then, we discuss how native and
non-native speakers align with one another during verbal
interactions. Finally, we examine the cognitive biases that native
listeners show when interacting with non-native speakers that
modulate social cognition processes.
Psycholinguistics and bilingualism through Prof. Albert Costa’s
mind
Authors: Santesteban Mikel , Duñabeitia Jon Andoni , Baus Cristina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This section briefly summarizes Albert Costa’s
main scientific contributions and introduces the main themes
elaborated in the nine chapters comprised in this volume. These
chapters review the main theories and most recent findings related
to bilingual language representation and selection in a broad sense.
They cover topics like the temporal dynamics of lexical access and
selection in monolinguals and bilinguals, the neurolinguistics of
language control, bimodal bilingualism, lexical anticipation,
lexical and syntactic alignment, or the foreign-language effect. All
chapters who are written by internationally renowned researchers and
experts that collaborated with Prof. Costa in developing new (often
pioneering) research. Together, they provide a broad overview of the
state of the art in the psycholinguistics of bilingualism. They
present thought-provoking inquiries and point to future
challenges and new research directions related to each topic.
Scotland
Authors: Demata Massimiliano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter analyses the discourse and political
identity of the supporters of the SNP (Scottish National Party) as expressed
in their responses to the tweets published on the party’s official Twitter
account (@theSNP) during the 2019 European election campaign. The chapter
uncovers the way SNP supporters choose to display their position vis-à-vis
the different issues raised by the party’s eclectic political programme by
backing, ignoring or criticising the official party line. Most posts by the
SNP leadership avoided explicit mentions of independence but rather emphasised
the necessity for Scotland to reject Brexit and remain in the EU. However,
these posts are often re-negotiated by SNP supporters on the basis of their
own identity as European or, most often, Scottish, as they foregrounded
independence as the ideological backbone of their brand of populism.
The discourse of supporters for populist parties across Europe
Authors: Borza Natalia , Demata Massimiliano , Filardo-Llamas Laura , Gustafsson Anna W. , Koller Veronika , Kopf Susanne , Miglbauer Marlene , Reggi Valeria , Šarić Ljiljana , Seiler Brylla Charlotta , Stopfner Maria 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this final chapter, we will answer our overall research
questions, comparing findings across the various contexts investigated in
the preceding chapters. In doing so, we will point out what voting
motivations, aspects of national identities and ways of recontextualising
original posts are shared across countries and which ones are specific to a
given political context. This comparison will be followed by a review of the
different methodologies that we used and a discussion on how far a given
methodology may have influenced the findings. We will reflect on ethical
considerations before the chapter finishes with a section on the
contributions and limitations of the research and an outlook on possible
future work.