bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass transfer kinetics and mechanisms of polyethylene degradation mediated by bacterial-fungal consortium
Authors: Fachrul Melati Ferianita , Fulazzaky Mohamad Ali , Rinanti Astri , Muda Khalida , Tazkiaturrizki Tazkiaturrizki , Sunaryo Thalia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Understanding the degradation rate of polyethylene (PE) plastic mediated by bacterial-fungal consortium (BFC) is important to ensure an effective design process of bioremediation technology. This study aims to investigate the degradation behavior of PE plastic waste mediated by the BFC colonies using the modified mass transfer factor models to get better understanding on the kinetics and mechanisms of internal, external and global mass transfer. The performance of rectangular reactor (RR) to degrade PE plastic reaching 61.5% of the efficiency shows an increased efficiency of 55.9% stimulated by the presence of BFC strains in the breakdown of complex PE molecules during the process of bioremediation. Trend in the variation of [kLa]d value viewed almost the same with that of [kLa]g value is higher than that of [kLa]f value during 150 days of the experiment hence the rate-limiting step of PE plastic waste degraded depends on the resistance of external mass transfer. Analysis of degradation efficiency pursuant to both the factors of internal and external mass transfer during the 150-day experimental period provides a new insight on the role of BFC strains to increase the performance of RR process contributing to advance the future bioremediation process of PE plastic waste.
A Novel Embedding Model for Knowledge Graph Entity Alignment Based on Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Li Hongchan , Han Zhaoyang , Zhu HaoDong , Qian Yuchao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The objective of the Entity Alignment (EA) task is to identify entities with identical semantics across distinct Knowledge Graphs (KGs) situated in the real world, which has garnered extensive recognition in both academic and industrial circles. Within this paper, a pioneering entity alignment framework named PCE-HGTRA is proposed. This framework integrates the relation and property information from varying KGs, along with the heterogeneity information present within the KGs. Firstly, by learning embeddings, this framework captures the similarity that exists between entities present across diverse KGs. Additionally, property triplets in KGs are used to generate property character-level embeddings, facilitating the transfer of entity embeddings from two distinct KGs onto an identical space. Secondly, the framework strengthens property character-level embeddings using the transitivity rule to increase the count of entity properties. Then, in order to effectively capture the heterogeneous features in entity neighborhoods, a heterogeneous graph transformer with relation awareness is designed to model the heterogeneous relations in KGs in the framework. Finally, comparative experimental results on four widely recognized real-world datasets demonstrate that PCE-HGTRA performs exceptionally well. In fact, its Hits@1 performance exceeds the best baseline by 7.94%, outperforming seven other state-of-the-art methods.
Feeding with 4,4′-diaponeurosporene-producing Bacillus subtilis enhances the lactogenic immunity of sow
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhang Qi , Yang Chengjie , Wang Xiuyu , Li Yuchen , Li Jianda , Yang Qian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The delivery of specific antibodies produced by oral administration of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) vaccine by sow to newborn piglets via colostrum is an effective strategy to prevent porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). However, there is a lag in the development of the corresponding vaccine due to the rapid mutation rate of PEDV, which could significantly increase the difficulty of PED prevention and control in pig farms. Hence, congenital lactogenic immunity was assessed by feeding 4,4′-diaponeurosporene-producing Bacillus subtilis (B.S-Dia) to sow on the 80th day of gestation in order to protect newborn piglets from PEDV infection. Firstly, we found that the quantities of T lymphocytes and monocytes in the blood and colostrum of sow after oral administration of B.S-Dia were significantly increased as observed by flow cytometry, whereas the proliferative activity of T lymphocytes in colostrum was also markedly increased. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results revealed that levels of TGF (Transforming growth factor) -β, Interleukin (IL) -6, lysozyme and lactoferrin were significantly increased. Finally, it was found in the piglets’ challenge protection test that offspring pigs of which sow was exposed to oral administration of B.S-Dia during pregnancy did not develop diarrhea symptoms and intestinal pathological changes 48 h after infection with PEDV, and the load of PEDV in the jejunum and ileum was significantly reduced, but offspring pigs of which was exposed to oral administration of PBS during pregnancy developed pronounced diarrhea symptoms and extensive PEDV colonization was noted both in the jejunum and ileum. In summary, oral administration of B.S-Dia by sow substantially increased congenital lactogenic immunity, thereby preventing newborn piglets from being infected with PEDV.
Causal effect of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity on ischemic stroke : a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Li Ming , Jiang Miaowen , Gao Yuan , Xu Yi , Zhou Yifan , Wu Di , Zhou Chen , Liu Guiyou , Ji Xunming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

The causality between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity and ischemic stroke remains uncertain and the stratified research on the association between Lp-PLA2 activity and subtypesof ischemic stroke is still lacking. Therefore, the association of genetically proxied Lp-PLA2 activity with the risks of ischemic stroke and its subtypes was explored by Mendelian randomization in this study.

Methods

Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Lp-PLA2 activity were selected as instrumental variables based on the data from CHARGE Consortium with 13,664 European participants. Summary statistics data about MEGESTROKE consortium with the European group (40,585 cases and 406,111 controls) include any ischemic stroke (AIS) (n = 34,217); large-artery stroke (LAS, n=4,373), cardioembolic stroke (CES, n=7,193) and small vessel stroke (SVS, n=5,386). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis to assess the causal associations of Lp-PLA2 activity with ischemic stroke and its subtypes, and significant estimates were further tested by sensitivity analysis to exclude heterogeneity and pleiotropy.

Results

IVW showed genetically proxied Lp-PLA2 activity was causally associated with LAS (OR=3.25, 95% CI=1.65-6.41, p=0.0007), but not causally associated with AIS (OR=1.32, 95% CI=0.81-2.15, p=0.25), CES (OR=1.18, 95% CI=0.62-2.23, p=0.61) or SVS (OR=1.31, 95% CI=0.73-2.37, p=0.37). Sensitivity analysis for causal estimates between Lp-PLA2 activity and LAS showed no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy.

Conclusions

These MR analyses support a causal role of Lp-PLA2 activity in LAS but not in AIS, CES or SVS, which suggests that serum Lp-PLA2 activity might be a biomarker for prediction of LAS.
Evaluating Normative Values of Vergence Parameters among University Students in Malawi
Authors: Mvula Augustine , Mzumara Thokozani , Afonne Joseph 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Clinical relevance: Diagnosis and management of vergence dysfunctions are largely dependent on normative measures of vergence parameters which differ across populations.
Background: Globally Myopia is on the rise and vergence has been strongly linked to the development of Myopia. Understanding vergence parameters is key to mitigation of Myopia.
Aim: This study aimed at evaluating differences in vergence parameters among university students in Malawi.
Methods: This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among Mzuzu University students from September 2021 to March 2022. A total of 99 healthy participants comprising 62 males (62.6%) and 32 females (37.4%) were recruited using a stratified random sampling technique. AC/A ratio was measured using the gradient method, and Positive Fusion Vergence (PFV) and Negative Fusion Vergence (NFV) using horizontal prism bars recorded as blur, break, and recovery points.
Results: The mean age was 23.37 ± 3.95 years (range; 18-33). The mean AC/A ratio was 4.24 ±0.74, the mean PFV was 17/24/15 and the mean NFV was 17/20/14. There was no significant correlation between the AC/A ratio and age (p = 0.194) nor was there a significant association between AC/A and sex (p = 0.170). Both PFV and NFV had no statistically significant correlation with age (all p ≥ 0.306) or association with sex (all p ≥ 0.253).
Conclusion This study confirms that the pattern of vergence parameters differs with ethnicity. Furthermore, ACA ratio and fusion vergences are most not affected by age and sex.
Estrategias didácticas de la educación virtual universitaria: Revisión sistemática
Authors: Rivera Tejada Helen Soledad , Otiniano García Nélida Milly , Goicochea Ríos Evelyn del Socorro 
Published: March 2023

La educación virtual, implica el uso de estrategias didácticas adecuadas para lograr una enseñanza de calidad. Se realizó una revisión sistemática con el objetivo de identificar las estrategias en la educación virtual universitaria. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos Scielo, Redalyc, ERIC y Google Scholar. Los descriptores fueron: “Educación virtual”, “comunicación” “perspectivas”, “estrategias. Se incluyeron artículos de acceso libre, de texto completo, artículos de los últimos 7 años, en idiomas inglés, español y portugués. Se excluyeron los resúmenes, los artículos duplicados y aquellos que no tenían información relevante sobre las variables en estudio. Después del proceso de selección, quedaron 14 artículos. En cuanto a las estrategias didácticas para la educación virtual destacan la planeación y control, la motivación, la comunicación, la confianza, la empatía, innovación, el diseño, formas de evaluación, trabajo colaborativo, metodología constructivista, y estrategias de autorregulación. Se resalta la importancia del conocimiento del idioma inglés y de las TIC. Se concluye que las estrategias didácticas utilizadas en educación virtual universitaria son de gran utilidad y deben adaptarse para responder al modelo educativo.
Autoeficacia y emociones del estudiantado de ciencias en la enseñanza básica durante la investigación en línea. Un estudio exploratorio en Chile
Authors: Joglar Carol , Quintanilla Gatica Mario Roberto , Rodríguez Malabrán Mariano Eliseo , Soler Aqueveque Bárbara Monserrat 
Published: March 2023

Alta percepción de autoeficacia (PAE) y sentir emociones positivas durante la búsqueda y gestión de la información en internet generan motivación en los estudiantes y son factores relevantes que inciden en su rendimiento académico. Por lo tanto, este estudio buscó identificar, caracterizar y analizar, a través de un cuestionario tipo Likert, la PAE y emociones mencionadas por 334 estudiantes de 5° y 6° año de enseñanza básica, pertenecientes a cinco colegios vulnerables de la Región Metropolitana de Chile, durante la realización tareas de búsqueda y gestión de información en ciencias.
Se identificaron dos perfiles de respuestas, siendo 39% pertenecientes al perfil 1 (baja PAE y emociones negativas) y el 61% al perfil 2 (alta PAE y emociones positivas). La caracterización indica que, en los perfiles, la PAE y las emociones de los estudiantes tiene relación con el colegio al cual pertenecen, además, los alumnos de 5° básico tiene una PAE más baja, que los de 6°. Los colegios cuyos estudiantes tienen una baja PAE, también indican emociones negativas durante la realización de la tarea, evidenciando que la educación emocional y la enseñanza de competencias informacionales contribuyen a enfrentar mejor la resolución de la tarea en ciencias y el aprendizaje.
College Student's Perception Towards Listening Health During COVID 19 An Online Survey
Authors: Mathew Aiswarya Maria , Ganapathy Kanaka , Bhargavi P G 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The current pandemic has shifted the teaching-learning modality to online. Hence, the current use of headphones or earphones is not limited to listening to music or movies and engaging in learning.

Aim:
The study aimed to investigate students' behaviours in terms of their attitudes and awareness of listening health problems

Methodology:
The questionnaire was administered using Google Forms. The data on hearing health, attitude and noise reduction behaviours were captured from 500 college-going students aged 18-24 using a questionnaire developed by Gilliver, Beach and Williams [1].

Results:
Regarding hearing health indicators, 21.2% rated their hearing as “almost perfect”, and 34.8% rated it as “very good”. In terms of knowledge and attitude regarding noise exposure - 75.6% of the participants “understand the importance of good hearing”, and most of them (41.6%) agree that “noise exposure can cause hearing loss and damage is permanent”. Regarding noise reduction behaviour - 70% “undertook steps to prevent noise exposure”, and 53.3% reported making it to the point of “avoiding and limiting noise exposure”.

Conclusion:
With the increased involvement of students in online activity during the current COVID-19 pandemic, there is an increased need to conduct an awareness program regarding hearing health. These preventive measures would help for better hearing and listening and avoid the risk of hearing loss due to prolonged use of headphones/earphones.
Evaluation the Effect Of Chronic Obestatin Therapy on the Serum Glucose, Insulin And Lipid Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Al-Halbouni Safa , Homsi Shadi , koshji Nabil 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common health disorders, which has become increasingly common in recent years. Type 2 diabetes affects about 90-95% of all diabetic patients, and is often associated with obesity and insulin resistance in most patients. The medical treatment aims to reduce insulin resistance and increase the production of insulin by pancreatic β-cells.
Obestatin is a new hormone encoded by the Preghrelin gene. Obestatin is an anorexic hormone that reduces food intake. It has also been shown to play an important role in regulating glucose and lipid levels in the blood.

Study Aim:
Our study aims to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of obestatin in rats with experimental type 2 diabetes in reducing blood glucose and improving insulin levels, and its effect on insulin resistance, TG, TC and pancreatic β-cell survival.

Methods:
A total of 30 male Wister rats (150 -200g) were randomly divided into three groups: group I (control group), group II (T2DM group) induced by administration fructose solution 10% for 14 days, and single injection IP of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/Kg), group III (T2DM treated with obestatin) (25 μg/kg) IP twice daily for 30 days. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment by terminal intracardiac sampling for bioassays to estimate fasting glucose, insulin, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and assessment of HOMA-IR. Body weight was also measured. Mean ± STD was calculated. The statistical significance of differences across the groups was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by a post Hoc Turkey’s test. The differences were considered significant at 0.05˃P.

Results:
After 30 days of obestatin treatment, the diabetic group showed a significant increase in glucose, TG, TC and HOMA-IR values and a significant decrease in insulin levels compared to the control group. In comparison, the obestatin-treated group of diabetic patients showed a significant decrease in glucose, TG and TC levels, with a slight increase in the insulin level compared to the diabetic group. In addition, the histological study (H&E) of isolated pancreatic tissue from the second group showed deformed, shrunken Langerhans islets with significant loss of their β- cells, and some cells with vacuolated cytoplasm. Moreover, the histological features of the treatment group were somewhat similar to those of the control group.

Conclusion:
The results of our study showed the efficacy of obestatin as a treatment in reducing the levels of all glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol in the blood to normal limits in induced experimental rats with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, the improvement of insulin levels in the blood, and the results of the histological study showed an improvement in the size of the islet and an increase in the number of β-cells. Thus, obestatin can be used as a promising target in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity.
Virtual Partnership Addressing Mental Health Crises: Mixed Methods Study of a Coresponder Program in Rural Law Enforcement
Authors: Nataliansyah M Muska , Merchant Kimberly A S , Vakkalanka J Priyanka , Mack Luke , Parsons Seth , Ward Marcia M 
Published: March 2023

Background
A mental health crisis can create challenges for individuals, families, and communities. This multifaceted issue often involves different professionals from law enforcement and health care systems, which may lead to siloed and suboptimal care. The virtual crisis care (VCC) program was developed to provide rural law enforcement with access to behavioral health professionals and facilitated collaborative care via telehealth technology.

Objective
This study was designed to evaluate the implementation and use of a VCC program from a telehealth hub for law enforcement in rural areas.

Methods
This study used a mixed methods approach. The quantitative data came from the telehealth hub’s electronic record system. The qualitative data came from in-depth interviews with law enforcement in the 18 counties that adopted the VCC program.

Results
Across the 181 VCC encounters, the telehealth hub's recommended disposition and the actual disposition were similar for remaining in place (n=141, 77.9%, and n=137, 75.7%, respectively), voluntary admission (n=9, 5.0%, and n=10, 5.5%, respectively), and involuntary committal (IVC; n=27, 14.9%, and n=19, 10.5%, respectively). Qualitative insights related to the VCC program's implementation, use, benefits, and challenges were identified, providing a comprehensive view of the virtual partnership between rural law enforcement and behavioral health professionals.

Conclusions
Use of a VCC program likely averts unnecessary IVCs. Law enforcement interviews affirmed the positive impact of VCC due to its ease of use and the benefits it provides to the individuals in need, the first responders involved, law enforcement resources, and the community.
A REVIEW ON POLYCORIA
Authors: SANKEERTHANA N. , CHANDRIKA P. M. K. , BHANU Y. DIVYA , ARUNANJALI E. SAJITHA , RAMACHANDRA P. UJWALA 
Published: March 2023

The presence of multiple iris holes is most commonly called pseudopolycoria, because only the central pupil has a sphincter muscle and can constrict. Iris holes without muscle tissue arise as congenital defects or develop from ocular trauma, inflammation, or degeneration and are thus not considered to be true accessory pupils. Multiple pupils, also known as true polycoria, are distinguished by the presence of a sphincter muscle around each iris hole, permitting synchronous constriction and dilation of the 2 pupils. One presumed mechanism for polycoria is a snaring or pinching off from the margin of another pupil. This patient had a small, oval-shaped accessory pupil, which may have separated from the temporal margin of the central pupil, leaving a thin bridge of no sphincter connecting tissue. The outlook for polycoria is generally good. You may not require any treatment if your visual impairment is minimal and doesn’t interfere with your daily life. However, if treatment is needed, pupilloplasty has so far shown positive results. If you have polycoria, it’s important to have regular check-ups with an eye doctor to monitor your vision and any changes your eyes may have. Having your eye checked regularly is also beneficial for your eyesight as a whole.
BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE: DYNAMICS FOR THE LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN REGION
Authors: Tripathi Anurag , PK Kushal PK , RL Abhishek 
Published: March 2023

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is increasingly turning out to become a global endeavor and has recently been extended to Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. The diversity in the makeup of the nation-states in the region poses several challenges concerning the region's association with the BRI. For instance, Venezuela has borrowed heavily from China while being mired in economic troubles. The Venezuelan example serves as a caution to others as well as China on the intricacies of debt management and lending. This paper aims to study the challenges and risks arising from the Belt and Road Initiative extending to Latin America and the Caribbean region. This paper also tries to analyses as to whether a win-win outcome can be achieved for both China and the LAC nation-states and as to what China seeks from the region. An attempt has been made to evaluate the role that the global environment might play in this evolving relationship between China and the LAC nation-states. The paper also analyse the post pandemic BRI investment in the LAC region.
ANÁLISE POLÍTICA DO PROCESSO DE COMPRA E TRANSFERÊNCIA DE TECNOLOGIA DOS CAÇAS GRIPEN.
Authors: Pôrto Júnior Francisco GIlson Rebouças , Alves Marco Antonio Baleeiro 
Published: March 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma investigação descritiva sob a perspectiva qualitativa através do método bibliográfico com vistas a colocar em discussão o processo político de compra e Transferência de Tecnologia (TT) dos caças GRIPEN NG. A pesquisa é apresentada sob a forma de uma Análise Política (AP) do jogo político envolvendo os principais atores ligados à Indústria de Defesa do Brasil (IDB) durante os governos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995 – 2002), Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003 – 2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011 – 2016). Recorreu-se ao estudo do processo decisório envolvendo: inter-relações entre os principais atores, consensos, interesses e valores. O estudo permitiu identificar e analisar os principais atores políticos, como eles atuaram no jogo político? Por quais motivações eles atuaram? Foram discutidos o processo de compra e Transferência de Tecnologia (TT) suas vantagens e dificuldades e como procederam alguns dos meios de comunicação, ressaltando-se algumas características do comércio internacional de MD que são relevantes para uma melhor compreensão da abordagem levantada e algumas semelhanças e diferenças entre os governos FHC, LULA e Dilma, diante deste tipo política pública conformada durante seus governos. Este trabalho levanta um outro lado, pouco lembrado entre os bastidores do processo de compra e TT dos caças GRIPEN NG, tendo em vista a visão parcial da mídia, não atinentes aos interesses econômicos do complexo militar-industrial estadunidense e muitas vezes ocultado por interesses e valores do meio político dadas as características intrínsecas destes atores. Trata-se de um outro lado que justifica a necessidade de planejar e avaliar as políticas públicas de aquisição e TT de MD visando em primeiro lugar os interesses de defesa, soberania nacional e o desenvolvimento sócio-econômico.