bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperactive Selenium Source Yields Kesterite Solar Cells with 12.86% Efficiency
Authors: Wang Mengyang , Geng Hang , Zhu Jichun , Cui Yubo , Zhao Shanheng , Fu Junjie , Kou Dongxing , Sun Jie , Zhao Chaoliang , Wu Sixin , Ding Liming , Zheng Zhi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the main issues that limits the efficiency of kesterite solar cells is the low diffusion and chemical activity of selenium clusters. Here, this work proposes a simple and effective pre‐selenization strategy using Na2(Se2S) solution, which enables the direct introduction of hyperactive Se2, Se3, and Se4 into the precursors. The results demonstrate that Se2, Se3, and Se4 promote the formation of the Cu2‐xSe liquid phase and enhance the diffusion of elements from different micro‐regions. Consequently, the ratios of Cu/(Zn + Sn) and Sn/Zn in different micro‐regions of the absorber are controlled within the optimal range, exhibiting reduced fluctuations. The controlled environment suppresses the formation of CuZn and SnZn defects, as well as [2CuZn + SnZn] defect clusters. Finally, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.86% is achieved, which is the highest PCE for kesterite solar cells made under ambient pressure and with N,N‐dimethylformamide solvent.
Outer Helmholtz Plane Regulation and In Situ Zn Surface Reconstruction for Highly Reversible Zn Anodes
Authors: Chen LiBin , Han YuPeng , Wang ZhiWen , Li QiaoHong , Zhang Jian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMetallic Zn, a promising anode for aqueous energy storage devices, suffers from uncontrolled dendrite growth and corrosion, leading to a short cycle life and low Coulombic efficiency (CE) in Zn‐based batteries. Herein, a composite electrolyte including zinc sulfate, copper(II) chloride, and poly(N‐diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), denoted as PDADMAC–CuCl2–ZnSO4, is applied to simultaneously reconstruct the outer Helmholtz plane (OHP) and homogenize the Zn surface for highly reversible Zn anodes. The results of characterization, namely Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, density functional theory calculations, and electrochemical tests, confirm that the addition of chloride ions promotes the adsorption of PDADMAC on the OHP of the electric double layer and controls the Zn deposition process by regulating the electric field. Simultaneously, in situ Zn surface homogenization is accomplished by the reaction of Cu2+ on the Zn surface. As a result, the highly reversible Zn anode sustains extremely long‐term cycling for 2407 h at 5 mA cm−2 with 5 mAh cm−2 and 1300 h at 10 mA cm−2 with 10 mAh cm−2 in Zn//Zn symmetrical cells. A high average CE of 99.3% is achieved over 430 cycles at 15% depth of discharge.
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding Interactions Induced Enhancement in Resistive Switching Memory Performance for Covalent Organic Framework‐Based Memristors
Authors: Yu Hongling , Zhou Pan‐Ke , Chen Xiong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising active mediums for high‐performance data storage devices stemming from their high crystallinity, ordered porous channels, predetermined topology, and rigid architectures, while relative studies are still limited. Here, two COFs (i.e., COF‐EtD and COF‐EtA)‐based resistive‐switching memory devices are proposed to demonstrate the impact of intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions, both of which exhibit nonvolatile write‐once‐read‐many (WORM) memory characteristics. Comparatively, COF‐EtD with the hydroxyl motif decoration illustrated a lower SET voltage (i.e., turn‐on voltage) and a higher ON/OFF current ratio as well as exceptional high‐temperature endurance and solvent resistance. Mechanism explorations suggest that the resistance‐switching behavior of COF‐EtD may be controlled by the synergistic effect of space‐charge‐limited current and conductive filaments. This finding is the first example of simply varying the functional group of COFs to regulate the WORM resistive switching behavior, providing some inspiration for the advancement of electronic memories and positively contributing to the realization of high endurance and high‐density electric storage materials.
Circularly Polarized Luminescent Behavior of Delayed Fluorescence Liquid Crystals Based on Carbonized Polymer Dots
Authors: Luo Hui‐Ying , Guan Yan , Huang Jiang , Luo Zhi‐Wang , Huang Ao , Wang Ping , Xie He‐Lou 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL) as modern photonic technology is essential for optical apparatuses, anti‐counterfeiting, and information encryption. However, it still faces the formidable challenge of integrating delayed fluorescence into CPL through harvesting the triplet excitons. Herein, a carbonized polymer dot liquid crystal (CPDs‐Chol) is reported that shows both circularly polarized fluorescence (CPF) and circularly polarized delayed fluorescence (CP‐DF). In order to realize the CP‐DF, a kind of CPDs‐Chol is successfully designed and synthesized through grafting cholesterol molecules on the surface of novel carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) possessing long afterglow of 13 s. Then, the resultant CPDs‐Chol is doped with 4‐cyano‐4‐pentylbiphenyl (5CB) in different ratios to fabricate CPL material, which shows the highest glum of −0.5 and −0.042 for CPF and CP‐DF, respectively. The combination of the CPL feature and the long afterglow of CPDs‐Chol@5CB and CPDs offer an attractive photonic technology with advanced applications in anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption.
Triplet Orbital Coupling: Achieving Ultralong Lifetime and Color Control in Upconversion Luminescence
Authors: Pu Guiqiang , Wu Yiming , Xu Duo , Dai Shuheng , Chen Qiushui , Fang Manman , Liu Xiaogang , Li Zhen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLanthanide‐doped nanocrystals typically exhibit limited time‐gated nonlinear luminescence with microsecond lifetimes because of their parity‐forbidden 4f–4f transitions. Here the direct observation of ultralong‐lived upconversion luminescence by coupling molecular triplet orbitals to lanthanide‐doped nanocrystals is reported. Through careful manipulation of the molecular triplet states, nanohybrids capable of producing ultralong upconversion lifetimes up to 1.37 s and tunable color output are constructed, surpassing the intrinsic lifetime of lanthanide ions by a factor of 4500. In addition to the exciton migration pathway from the 4f levels of lanthanide ions to the molecular singlet and then to triplet states, direct activation of the triplet state by exciton from the 4f levels is observed. This phenomenon significantly reduces the required photon energy (by more than 0.83 eV) for stimulation of the triplet state compared to the process involving intersystem crossing. Taking advantage of the unique properties of these nanohybrids, a pulsed laser‐pumped encryption system with enhanced security is developed by embedding additional passwords that contain information about pulse frequency and width. This work provides a new perspective on time‐resolved nonlinear luminescence with an ultrawide time dimension by engineering molecular triplet states.
Amino Acid‐Modulated Chirality Evolution and Highly Enantioselective Chiral Nanogap‐Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Kumar Panangattukara Prabhakaran Praveen , Kim Myung‐Ki , Lim Dong‐Kwon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractControlling the growth and selection of chiral inducers is crucial for the generation of chiral inorganic structures as observed in nature. Herein, the plasmonic chirality evolution from the Au cube seed under the presence of L‐ or D‐amino acid as a chiral inducer is reported. The 432 Helicoid I structure is obtained using tryptophan (Trp), identical to the result with cysteine (Cys). The use of tyrosine (Tyr) produced a Helicoid IV‐type structure. However, no distinctive chiral structures can be obtained using phenylalanine (Phe), valine (Val) and leucine (Leu), which indicates the critical role of amino acids in chirality evolution. In particular, Trp‐Helicoid I nanoparticles (NPs) showed excellent enantioselective response toward L‐ or D‐Cys in the colorimetric assay and Raman analysis in the presence of Trp. Furthermore, the chiroptical property with a nanogap of 23.78 ± 0.82 nm in the Helicoid I structure further expands its applications for highly sensitive and quantitative chiral analysis for small molecules such as R/S‐epichlorohydrin (ECH), R/S‐limonene (LM), and R/S‐2‐butanol (BuOH) using a non‐polarized light source. The finding of amino acid‐dependent chirality evolution can widen the current understanding of chirality evolution in nature, and the use of helicoid structures with nanogaps incorporated with surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can open a new avenue for chiral spectroscopic analysis.
Designing amendments to improve plant performance for mine tailings revegetation
Authors: Johnson Mark G. , Olszyk David M. , Shiroyama Tamotsu , Bollman Michael A. , Nash Maliha S. , Manning Viola A. , Trippe Kristin M. , Watts Donald W. , Novak Jeffrey M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo provide recommendations for establishment of plants on low‐pH Formosa Mine tailings, two greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of remedial amendments to improve the survival and growth of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings. A preliminary experiment indicated that 1% lime (by weight) raised tailings pH, permitting seedling survival. However, high rates of biosolid application (BS; 2% by weight) added to supply nutrients were phytotoxic when added with lime. A gasified conifer biochar (BC) added to tailings at 1%, 2.5%, or 5% (by weight), along with lime and BS, caused an additional increase in pH, decreased electrical conductivity (EC), and tended to increase the survival of Douglas fir. The addition of a locally sourced microbial inoculum (LSM) did not affect survival. A subsequent experiment expanded our experimental design by testing multiple levels of amendments that included lime (0.5% and 1% by weight), three application rates (0.2%, 0.5%, and 2%) of two nutrient sources (BS or mineral fertilizer), BC (0% and 2.5%), and with or without LSM. There were many interactions among amendments. In general, Douglas fir survival was enhanced when lime and BC were added. These experiments suggest that amending with lime, a nutrient source, and BC would enhance revegetation on low‐pH, metal‐contaminated mine tailings.
The complex relationship between iron status and anemia in pregnant and postpartum women in India: Analysis of two Indian study cohorts of uncomplicated pregnancies
Authors: Nair Manisha , Choudhury Saswati S. , Rani Anjali , Solomi Carolin , Kakoty Swapna D. , Medhi Robin , Rao Sereesha , Mahanta Pranabika , Zahir Farzana , Roy Indrani , Chhabra Shakuntala , Deka Gitanjali , Minz Bina , Deka Rupanjali , Opondo Charles , Churchill David , Lakhal‐Littleton Samira , Nemeth Elizabeta ,   the MaatHRI collaboration
Published: August 2023

AbstractLow hemoglobin is widely used as an indicator of iron deficiency anemia in India and other low‐and‐middle income counties, but anemia need not accurately reflect iron deficiency. We examined the relationship between hemoglobin and biomarkers of iron status in antenatal and postnatal period. Secondary analysis of uncomplicated singleton pregnancies in two Indian study cohorts: 1132 antenatal women in third trimester and 837 postnatal women 12–72 h after childbirth. Associations of hemoglobin with ferritin in both data sets, and with sTfR, TSAT, and hepcidin in the postnatal cohort were examined using multivariable linear regression. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between severity of anemia and iron status. Regression models were adjusted for potential confounders. Over 55% of the women were anemic; 34% of antenatal and 40% of postnatal women had low ferritin, but 4% antenatal and 6% postnatal women had high ferritin. No evidence of association between hemoglobin and ferritin was observed (antenatal: adjusted coefficient [aCoef] −0.0004, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.001, 0.001; postnatal: aCoef −0.0001, 95% CI −0.001, 0.001). We found a significant linear association of hemoglobin with sTfR (aCoef −0.04, 95% CI −0.07, −0.01), TSAT (aCoef −0.005, 95% CI −0.008, −0.002), and hepcidin (aCoef 0.02, 95% CI 0.02, 0.03) in postnatal women. Likelihood of low ferritin was more common in anemic than non‐anemic women, but high ferritin was also more common in women with severe anemia in both cohorts. Causes of anemia in pregnant and postpartum women in India are multifactorial; low hemoglobin alone is not be a useful marker of iron deficiency.
Ear anomalies and hearing loss in patients with VACTERL association and the effect of maternal diabetes
Authors: Galarreta Carolina I. , Hoyt Erin , Forero Laura , Curry Cynthia J. , Bird Lynne M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVACTERL association is typically defined as the presence of three components among these birth defects: vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac anomalies, esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF), renal anomalies, and limb defects. There is increasing recognition that VACTERL and other recurrent constellations of embryonic development often overlap clinically and might share pathogenesis. We conducted a comprehensive chart review of a large patient population with VACTERL association from two tertiary care centers in California. We included patients with incomplete VACTERL expression, which we denoted as “partial VACTERL” (pVACTERL). We assessed the occurrence of craniofacial (CF) findings in these two groups and the combined cohort. We collected data on potential risk factors and demographic information such as sex, Hispanic ancestry, pregnancy complications, and maternal age. The study included 409 participants, of whom 263 had VACTERL and 146 pVACTERL. CF abnormalities were found in 17.3% of VACTERL patients and 9.4% of pVACTERL patients. In the VACTERL group, ear anomalies were found in 10.2%, microtia in 5.9%, hearing loss (HL) in 13.90%, and orofacial clefts in 3.1%. In the pVACTERL group, ear anomalies were found in 7.2%, microtia in 5.0%, HL in 9.3%, and orofacial cleft in 2.2%. Maternal diabetes significantly increased the risk for HL in VACTERL (odds ratio [OR]: 3.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–7.3) and pVACTERL patients (OR: 6.7, 95% CI: 1.70–23.4). Poorly controlled maternal diabetes significantly increased the risk for all the outcomes in VACTERL patients including CF anomalies (OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.9–9.6), ear anomalies (OR: 4.7, 95% CI: 1.8–11.8), microtia (OR: 5.4, 95% CI: 1.7–16.6), and HL (OR: 8.1, 95% CI: 3.4–19.4). Twin status was significantly associated with the occurrence of microtia (p = 0.038) in VACTERL patients. Occurrence of CF features, particularly ear anomalies, microtia, and HL, might be considered as part of phenotypic diversity of VACTERL association. Diabetes and twinning might appear to play a role in increasing the risk for this phenotype in VACTERL association.
Unlocking energy potential: Investigating thermal degradation and kinetic modeling of health‐care waste polymers for enhanced pyrolysis conversion
Authors: Lourenço Joana B. , Bertuol Daniel A. , Salau Nina P. G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, the main polymers present in the health‐care waste (HCW) of a Brazilian university hospital were identified, revealing a composition of polypropylene (85%), high‐density polyethylene (6%), polystyrene (5%), and cellulose (4%). Recognizing the potential for these materials to generate energy through pyrolysis, this study aimed to assess the thermal degradation of the HCW polymers and their respective polymer mixture using thermogravimetric analysis. Thermalgravimetric analysis encompassed three heating rates (5, 10, and 20°C min−1). The kinetic parameters of thermal degradation were estimated using the first‐order reaction model. Friedman differential isoconversional method, as well as Ozawa, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose integral isoconversional methods, were applied to obtain the kinetic parameters, which can predict the thermal degradation kinetics of the polymers in thermal conversion process. Through statistical evaluation of the parameter estimation, it was demonstrated that the proposed methodology yielded fitted models for the experimental data on HCW. These models may be implemented in designing pyrolysis reactors that convert these polymers into energy, thereby mitigating environmental pollution.
BaO nanoparticle contribution to PVA on the way to become a more functional material
Authors: Beyazay Emre , Şahin Nazlıcan , Karabul Yaşar , Kılıç Mehmet , Güven Özdemir Zeynep 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, it is aimed to produce a non‐carcinogenic and environmentally friendly biodegradable multi‐functional PVA‐based nanocomposite by improving its electrical properties and mechanical strength. For this purpose, BaO nanoparticles produced by the co‐precipitation method, have been added to the PVA matrix between 0.5% and 5% by mass, and thick film nanocomposites have been produced. The structural properties of the samples and the doping particle have been investigated by FTIR, SEM, and XRD. While electrical measurements have been carried out by an impedance analyzer at room temperature between 20 Hz and 15 MHz frequency, tensile tests have been performed by a mechanical tensile device. The addition of 5% BaO nanoparticles not only increased the energy storage capability of PVA significantly (117%) but also managed to reduce the loss factor considerably (77%). Moreover, compared to other samples, PVA/5% BaO nanocomposite also stands out with its higher ac conductivity within the mid‐and high‐frequency range. Furthermore, the 5% BaO nanoparticle additive provided a serious benefit to the mechanical strength of PVA by improving its Young's modulus, toughness, and stress at the break at different rates. As a result, the BaO nanoparticle additive makes PVA a more functional material as well as more technologically desired.
Advancing biomedicine with gel‐based materials and composites: A comprehensive review
Authors: Sajjadi Sara , Gholizadeh‐Hashjin Aiesheh , Shafizadeh Fatemeh , Marefat Sahar , Hamidi Samin , Farjami Afsaneh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolymer gels are an important class of soft materials with growing interest for biomedical applications due to their distinctive properties. These three‐dimensional polymer networks are capable of imbibing large amounts of solvent while maintaining solid‐like behavior. Polymer gels can be classified into hydrogels, aerogels, and cryogels based on their structural features. Their highly porous structure, swelling capacity, and biocompatibility make them well‐suited for diverse uses in biomedicine. Recent advances have enabled the engineering of polymer gels with tunable architectures and smart functionality responsive to stimuli. These developments have expanded the potential of gels in areas like tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, and biosensing. However, the toxicity of polymer gels remains an important consideration for biomedical use. Careful design and toxicological evaluation is essential to ensure safe clinical application. Overall, polymer gels offer new possibilities in biomedicine through continued research on synthesizing biocompatible gels and elucidating structure–function relationships. This review provides an updated perspective on the progress and promise of tailoring polymer gels to advance biomedicine, while also considering the critical aspect of biocompatibility.
Berry Curvature Induced Valley Hall Effect in Non‐Encapsulated hBN/Bilayer Graphene Heterostructure Aligned with Near‐Zero Twist Angle
Authors: Shintaku Teppei , Kareekunnan Afsal , Akabori Masashi , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Mizuta Hiroshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractValley Hall effect is observed in asymmetric single‐layer and bilayer graphene systems. In single‐layer graphene systems, asymmetry is introduced by aligning graphene with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with a near‐zero twist angle, breaking the sub‐lattice symmetry. Although a similar approach is used in bilayer graphene to break the layer symmetry and thereby observe the valley Hall effect, the bilayer graphene is sandwiched with hBN on both sides in those studies. This study looks at a much simpler, non‐encapsulated structure where hBN is present only at the top of graphene. The crystallographic axes of both hBN and bilayer graphene are aligned. A clear signature of the valley Hall effect through non‐local resistance measurement (RNL) is observed. The observed non‐local resistance can be manipulated by applying a displacement field across the heterostructure. Furthermore, the electronic band structure and Berry curvature calculations validate the experimental observations.
The anti‐breast cancer potential of indole/isatin hybrids
Authors: Wang Ruo , Huang Renhong , Yuan Yaofeng , Wang Zheng , Shen Kunwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies and the major contributor to cancer mortality in women globally, with a high degree of heterogeneity and a dismal prognosis. As drug resistance is responsible for most BC fatalities and advanced BC is currently considered incurable, finding innovative anti‐BC chemotherapeutics is urgently required. Indole and its analog isatin (indole‐1H‐2,3‐dione) are prominent pharmacophores in the development of novel medications, and their derivatives exhibit strong anticancer activities, also against BC. In particular, indole/isatin hybrids exhibit significant potency against BC including multidrug‐resistant forms and excellent selectivity by influencing a variety of biological targets associated with the disease, supplying helpful building blocks for the identification of potential new BC treatment options. This review includes articles from 2020 to the present and provides insights into the in vitro and in vivo anti‐BC potential, molecular mechanisms, and structure–activity relationships (SARs) of indole/isatin hybrids that may be helpful in the development of innovative anti‐BC chemotherapeutics.