bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthopaedic Injury Patterns Related to Ice Skating, Inline Skating, and Roller Skating: A 20-Year Epidemiologic Analysis
Authors: Dhodapkar Meera M. , Halperin Scott J. , Gardner Elizabeth C. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Ice skating, inline skating, and roller skating are popular sports in the United States (US). Although they are similar, injuries incurred may be distinct and may have evolved over time. Purpose: To characterize injuries related to ice skating, inline skating, and roller skating and track injury patterns over a 20-year period. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: The current study utilized the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, a database reporting consumer product-related injuries seen at emergency departments in the US. All ice skating, inline skating, and roller skating injuries between 2002 and 2021 were identified, and patient demographics, types of injury, and year of injury were compared between skating types. Results: A total of 1,656,746 skating-related injuries were estimated nationally: 24% (403,791) for ice skating, 24% (400,172) for inline skating, and 52% (852,783) for roller skating. While the incidence of ice-skating- and roller-skating-related injuries decreased by 34.4% (from 22,490 in 2002-2004 to 14,758 in 2019-2021) and 29.6% (from 42,452 in 2002-2004 to 31,980 in 2019-2021), respectively, injuries related to inline skating decreased comparatively more, by 75.8% over the study period (from 48,097 in 2002-2004 to 11,662 in 2019-2021). Injuries occurred predominantly to the head/face/neck for ice skating (n = 139,501; 34.5% of injuries), whereas injuries occurred predominantly in the shoulder/arm/elbow/wrist for inline skating (n = 212,088, 53.0% of injuries) and roller skating (n = 425,216, 49.9% of injuries). Fracture was the most common injury type for all 3 skating types (n = 614,853, 37.1% of injuries), and the majority of fractures occurred in the upper extremity (shoulder/arm/elbow/wrist) for all 3 skating types (n = 59,624, 60.0% [ice skating]; n = 69,197, 41.2% [inline skating], and n = 237,099, 68.2% [roller skating]). Lower extremity (leg/knee/ankle) fractures were more common among ice skating (n = 28,019, 28.2%) and roller skating (n = 82,094, 23.6%) injuries compared with inline skating (n = 21,391, 12.7%). Conclusion: In the current study, we found that fractures were the most common type of injury regardless of skating type but that the location of the injury/fracture varied by skating type.
Adapting the stages of implementation completion to an evidence-based implementation strategy: The development of the NIATx stages of implementation completion
Authors: Ford James H. , Zehner Mark E. , Schaper Holle , Saldana Lisa 
Published: September 2023

Background Dissemination and implementation frameworks provide the scaffolding to explore the effectiveness of evidence-based practices (EBPs) targeting process of care and organizational outcomes. Few instruments, like the stages of implementation completion (SIC) examine implementation fidelity to EBP adoption and how organizations differ in their approach to implementation. Instruments to measure organizational competency in the utilization of implementation strategies are lacking. Method An iterative process was utilized to adapt the SIC to the NIATx implementation strategies. The new instrument, NIATx-SIC, was applied in a randomized controlled trial involving 53 addiction treatment agencies in Washington state to improve agency co-occurring capacity. NIATx-SIC data were reported by state staff and external facilitators and through participating agency documentation. Proportion and duration scores for each stage and phase of the NIATx-SIC were calculated for each agency. Competency was assessed using the NIATx fidelity tool. Comparisons of proportion, duration, and NIATx activities completed were determined using independent sample t-tests by agency competency level. Results The NIATx-SIC distinguished between agencies achieving competency ( n  =  23) and those not achieving competency ( n  =  26). Agencies achieving competency completed a greater proportion of implementation phase activities and had a significantly longer Stage 7 duration. These agencies participated in significantly more individual and group coaching calls, attended more in-person meetings, implemented more change projects, and spent approximately 64 more days, on average, engaging in all NIATx activities. Conclusions Organizational participation in dissemination and implementation research requires a significant investment of staff resources. The inability of an organization to achieve competency when utilizing a set of implementation strategies waste an opportunity to institutionalize knowledge of how to apply implementation strategies to future change efforts. The NIATx-SIC provides evidence that competency is not an attribute of the organization but rather a result of the application of the NIATx implementation strategies to improve agency co-occurring capacity. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03007940. Registered January 2, 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03007940
Out-of-plane shear strength of cross-laminated timber made of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi) with various layups and spans
Authors: Kawaai Yasuhiro , Takanashi Ryuya , Ishihara Wataru , Ohashi Yoshinori , Sawata Kei , Sasaki Takanobu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCross-laminated timber (CLT) is a promising construction material. When CLT is used for horizontal applications, shear stress occurs in the out-of-plane direction and can fracture the transverse layers owing to the rolling shear. The out-of-plane shear strength of the CLT can be evaluated by an out-of-plane loading test and is affected by the CLT layups and/or span conditions. In this study, we conducted out-of-plane loading tests on 3-layer 4-ply, 5-layer 7-ply, 7-layer 7-ply, and 9-layer 9-ply CLT made of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) under various spans and investigated the effect of layups and spans on the out-of-shear strength. The fracture modes of the specimens were classified into three types: shear fracture, shear fracture accompanied by bending fracture, and bending fracture. The out-of-plane shear strength of the specimens except for the 9-layer 9-ply ones decreased as the span increased, and then converged to a constant value (1.0–1.5 kN/mm2). In addition, the shear strength decreased exponentially as the number of laminae in the transverse layers increased and then converged to a constant value (1.0–1.5 kN/mm2). The out-of-plane shear strength of the 9-layer 9-ply specimens decreased as the shear span increased; however, the converged value with a longer span could not be calculated because the tests were conducted under only three-span conditions. The shear strength of 3-layer 4-ply specimens was lower than that of the other layups. The results of the Monte Carlo simulation of the shear strength of the laminae in the transverse layers showed that a model, which assumed that the minimum shear strength of the laminae in the transverse layers determined the shear strength of a specimen, tended to correspond with the decreasing tendency of shear strength with longer spans. The results showed that the weakest link model for the out-of-plane shear fracture of the CLT would relate to a specimen with long span.
Phase prediction, microstructure, and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered Ni–Al–Ti–Mn–Co–Fe–Cr high entropy alloys
Authors: Olorundaisi Emmanuel , Babalola Bukola J. , Teffo Moipone L. , Anamu Ufoma S. , Olubambi Peter A. , Fayomi Juwon , Ogunmefun Anthony O. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effect of mechanical alloying on the development of Ni–Al–Ti–Mn–Co–Fe–Cr high entropy alloys (HEAs) utilizing the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method is the main goal of this study. A bulk sample was fabricated using SPS after the alloys were mixed for 12 h. Thermodynamic simulation, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nanoindentation, and microhardness were used to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-mixed powders. The master alloy was made of NiAl and was subsequently alloyed with Ti, Mn, Co, Fe, and Cr at different compositions to develop HEAs at a sintering temperature of 850 °C, a heating rate of 100 °C/min, a pressure of 50 MPa, and a dwelling time of 5 min. A uniform dispersion of the alloying material can be seen in the microstructure of the sintered HEAs with different weight elements. The grain size analysis shows that the Ni25Al25Ti8Mn8Co15Fe14Cr5 alloy exhibited a refined structure with a grain size of 2.36 ± 0.27 µm compared to a coarser grain size of 8.26 ± 0.43 μm attained by the NiAl master alloy. Similarly, the HEAs with the highest alloying content had a greater microstrain value of 0.0449 ± 0.0036, whereas the unalloyed NiAl had 0.00187 ± 0.0005. Maximum microhardness of 139 ± 0.8 HV, nanohardness of 18.8 ± 0.36 GPa, elastic modulus of 207.5 ± 1.65 GPa, elastic recovery (We/Wt) of 0.556 ± 0.035, elastic strain to failure (H/Er) of 0.09.06 ± 0.0027, yield pressure (H3/$$E_{{\text{r}}}^{2}$$

E

r

2

) of 0.154 ± 0.0055 GPa, and the least plasticity index (Wp/Wt) of 0.444 ± 0.039 were attained by Ni25Al25Ti8Mn8Co15Fe14Cr5. A steady movement to the left may be seen in the load–displacement curve. Increased resistance to indentation by the developed HEAs was made possible by the increase in alloying metals, which ultimately led to higher nanohardness and elastic modulus.
Respiration kinetics and allometric scaling in the demosponge Halichondria panicea
Authors: Kumala Lars , Thomsen Malte , Canfield Donald E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The aquiferous system in sponges represents one of the simplest circulatory systems used by animals for the internal uptake and distribution of oxygen and metabolic substrates. Its modular organization enables sponges to metabolically scale with size differently than animals with an internal circulatory system. In this case, metabolic rate is typically limited by surface to volume constraints to maintain an efficient supply of oxygen and food. Here, we consider the linkeage between oxygen concentration, the respiration rates of sponges and sponge size.

Results
We explored respiration kinetics for individuals of the demosponge Halichondria panicea with varying numbers of aquiferous modules (nmodules = 1–102). From this work we establish relationships between the sponge size, module number, maximum respiration rate (Rmax) and the half-saturation constant, Km, which is the oxygen concentration producing half of the maximum respiration rate, Rmax. We found that the nmodules in H. panicea scales consistently with sponge volume (Vsp) and that Rmax increased with sponge size with a proportionality > 1. Conversly, we found a lack of correlation between Km and sponge body size suggesting that oxygen concentration does not control the size of sponges.

Conclusions
The present study reveals that the addition of aquiferous modules (with a mean volume of 1.59 ± 0.22 mL) enables H. panicea in particular, and likely demosponges in general, to grow far beyond constraints limiting the size of their component modules and independent of ambient oxygen levels.
Molecular detection of Sodalis glossinidius, Spiroplasma species and Wolbachia endosymbionts in wild population of tsetse flies collected in Cameroon, Chad and Nigeria
Authors: Mfopit Youssouf Mouliom , Engel Judith Sophie , Chechet Gloria Dada , Ibrahim Mahamat Alhadj Moussa , Signaboubo Djoukzoumka , Achukwi Daniel Mbunkah , Mamman Mohammed , Balogun Emmanuel Oluwadare , Shuaibu Mohammed Nasir , Kabir Junaidu , Kelm Soerge 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Tsetse flies are cyclical vectors of African trypanosomiasis (AT). The flies have established symbiotic associations with different bacteria that influence certain aspects of their physiology. Vector competence of tsetse flies for different trypanosome species is highly variable and is suggested to be affected by bacterial endosymbionts amongst other factors. Symbiotic interactions may provide an avenue for AT control. The current study provided prevalence of three tsetse symbionts in Glossina species from Cameroon, Chad and Nigeria.

Results
Tsetse flies were collected and dissected from five different locations. DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction used to detect presence of Sodalis glossinidius, Spiroplasma species and Wolbachia endosymbionts, using species specific primers. A total of 848 tsetse samples were analysed: Glossina morsitans submorsitans (47.52%), Glossina palpalis palpalis (37.26%), Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (9.08%) and Glossina tachinoides (6.13%). Only 95 (11.20%) were infected with at least one of the three symbionts. Among infected flies, six (6.31%) had Wolbachia and Spiroplasma mixed infection. The overall symbiont prevalence was 0.88, 3.66 and 11.00% respectively, for Sodalis glossinidius, Spiroplasma species and Wolbachia endosymbionts. Prevalence varied between countries and tsetse fly species. Neither Spiroplasma species nor S. glossinidius were detected in samples from Cameroon and Nigeria respectively.

Conclusion
The present study revealed, for the first time, presence of Spiroplasma species infections in tsetse fly populations in Chad and Nigeria. These findings provide useful information on repertoire of bacterial flora of tsetse flies and incite more investigations to understand their implication in the vector competence of tsetse flies.
The influence of stress factors on selected phenotypic and genotypic features of Listeria monocytogenes – a pilot study
Authors: Wiktorczyk-Kapischke Natalia , Wałecka-Zacharska Ewa , Korkus Jakub , Grudlewska-Buda Katarzyna , Budzyńska Anna , Wnuk Kacper , Gospodarek-Komkowska Eugenia , Skowron Krzysztof 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Listeria monocytogenes are Gram-positive rods, widespread in the environment due to their wide tolerance to changing conditions. The apilot study aimed to assess the impact of six various stresses (heat, cold, osmotic, acid, alkali, frozen) on phenotypic features: MIC of antibiotics (penicillin, ampicillin, meropenem, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole; gradient stripes), motility, ability to form a biofilm (crystal violet method) and growth rate (OD and quantitative method), expression level of sigB (stress induced regulator of genes), agrA, agrB (associated with biofilm formation) and lmo2230, lmo0596 (acid and alkali stress) (qPCR) for three strains of L. monocytogenes.

Results
Applied stress conditions contributed to changes in phenotypic features and expression levels of sigB, agrA, agrB, lmo2230 and lmo0596. Stress exposure increased MIC value for penicillin (ATCC 19111 - alkaline stress), ampicillin (472CC - osmotic, acid, alkaline stress), meropenem (strains: 55 C - acid, alkaline, o smotic, frozen stress; 472CC - acid, alkaline stress), erythromycin (strains: 55 C - acid stress; 472CC - acid, alkaline, osmotic stress; ATCC 19111 - osmotic, acid, alkaline, frozen stress), co-trimoxazole (strains: 55 C - acid stress; ATCC 19111 - osmotic, acid, alkaline stress). These changes, however, did not affect antibiotic susceptibility. The strain 472CC (a moderate biofilm former) increased biofilm production after exposure to all stress factors except heat and acid. The ATCC 19111 (a weak producer) formed moderate biofilm under all studied conditions except cold and frozen stress, respectively. The strain 55 C became a strong biofilm producer after exposure to cold and produced a weak biofilm in response to frozen stress. Three tested strains had lower growth rate (compared to the no stress variant) after exposure to heat stress. It has been found that the sigB transcript level increased under alkaline (472CC) stress and the agrB expression increased under cold, osmotic (55 C, 472CC), alkali and frozen (472CC) stress. In contrast, sigB transcript level decreased in response to acid and frozen stress (55 C), lmo2230 transcript level after exposure to acid and alkali stress (ATCC 19111), and lmo0596 transcript level after exposure to acid stress (ATCC 19111).

Conclusions
Environmental stress changes the ability to form a biofilm and the MIC values of antibiotics and affect the level of expression of selected genes, which may increase the survival and virulence of L. monocytogenes. Further research on a large L. monocytogenes population is needed to assess the molecular mechanism responsible for the correlation of antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation and resistance to stress factors.
Maize-legume intercropping achieves yield advantages by improving leaf functions and dry matter partition
Authors: Fu Zhidan , Chen Ping , Zhang Xiaona , Du Qing , Zheng Benchuan , Yang Huan , Luo Kai , Lin Ping , Li Yiling , Pu Tian , Wu Yushan , Wang Xiaochun , Yang Feng , Liu Weiguo , Song Chun , Yang Wenyu , Yong Taiwen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntercropping can obtain yield advantages, but the mechanism of yield advantages of maize-legume intercropping is still unclear. Then, we explored the effects of cropping systems and N input on yield advantages in a two-year experiment. Cropping systems included monoculture maize (Zea mays L.) (MM), monoculture soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) (MS), monoculture peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) (MP), maize-soybean substitutive relay intercropping (IMS), and maize-peanut substitutive strip intercropping (IMP). N input included without N (N0) and N addition (N1). Results showed that maize’s leaf area index was 31.0% and 34.6% higher in IMS and IMP than in MM. The specific leaf weight and chlorophyll a (chl a) of maize were notably higher by 8.0% and 18.8% in IMS, 3.1%, and 18.6% in IMP compared with MM. Finally, N addition resulted in a higher thousand kernels weight of maize in IMS and IMP than that in MM. More dry matter accumulated and partitioned to the grain, maize's averaged partial land equivalent ratio and the net effect were 0.76 and 2.75 t ha−1 in IMS, 0.78 and 2.83 t ha−1 in IMP. The leaf area index and specific leaf weight of intercropped soybean were 16.8% and 26% higher than MS. Although soybean suffers from shade during coexistence, recovered growth strengthens leaf functional traits and increases dry matter accumulation. The averaged partial land equivalent ratio and the net effect of intercropped soybean were 0.76 and 0.47 t ha−1. The leaf area index and specific leaf weight of peanuts in IMP were 69.1% and 14.4% lower than in the MP. The chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of peanut in MP were 17.0% and 24.4% higher than in IMP. A less dry matter was partitioned to the grain for intercropped peanut. The averaged pLER and NE of intercropped peanuts were 0.26 and -0.55 t ha−1. In conclusion, the strengthened leaf functional traits promote dry matter accumulation, maize-soybean relay intercropping obtained a win–win yield advantage, and maize-peanut strip intercropping achieved a trade-off yield advantage.
Brain structural correlates of postoperative axial pain in degenerative cervical myelopathy patients following posterior cervical decompression surgery: a voxel-based morphometry study
Authors: Tian Aixian , Gao Hongzhi , Wang Zhan , Li Na , Ma Jianxiong , Guo Lin , Ma Xinlong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the brain structural correlates of postoperative axial pain (PAP) in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) following posterior cervical decompression surgery.

Methods
Structural images with high-resolution T1 weighting were collected from 62 patients with DCM and analyzed, in addition to 42 age/gender matched subjects who were healthy. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was analyzed, grey matter volume (GMV) was computed. One-way ANOVA was performed to reveal the GMV differences among DCM patients with PAP, patients without PAP and healthy controls (HC). Post-hoc analyses were conducted to identify the pair-wise GMV differences among these three groups. Analyses of correlations were conducted to uncover the link between clinical measurements and GMV variations. Last, support vector machine (SVM) was conducted to test the utility of GMV for classifying PAP and nPAP DCM patients.

Results
Three main findings were observed: [1] Compared to healthy controls, DCM patients showed a significantly lower GMV in the precuneus preoperatively. DCM patients with PAP also exhibited a lower GMV within precuneus than those without; [2] In DCM patients with PAP, the precuneus GMV was inversely related to the postoperative pain intensity; [3] Moreover, successful classification between PAP and nPAP were observed via SVM based on precuneus GMV as features.

Conclusion
In summary, our results indicate that precuneus GMV may be linked to PAP in DCM, and could be employed to forecast the emergence of PAP in DCM patients.
Delineation and detection of breast cancer using novel label-free fluorescence
Authors: Mahmoud Alaaeldin , El-Sharkawy Yasser H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Accurate diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) plays a crucial role in clinical pathology analysis and ensuring precise surgical margins to prevent recurrence.

Methods
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technology offers high sensitivity to tissue biochemistry, making it a potential tool for noninvasive BC identification. In this study, we utilized hyperspectral (HS) imaging data of stimulated BC specimens to detect malignancies based on altered fluorescence characteristics compared to normal tissue. Initially, we employed a HS camera and broadband spectrum light to assess the absorbance of BC samples. Notably, significant absorbance differences were observed in the 440–460 nm wavelength range. Subsequently, we developed a specialized LIF system for BC detection, utilizing a low-power blue laser source at 450 nm wavelength for ten BC samples.

Results
Our findings revealed that the fluorescence distribution of breast specimens, which carries molecular-scale structural information, serves as an effective marker for identifying breast tumors. Specifically, the emission at 561 nm exhibited the greatest variation in fluorescence signal intensity for both tumor and normal tissue, serving as an optical predictive biomarker. To enhance BC identification, we propose an advanced image classification technique that combines image segmentation using contour mapping and K-means clustering (K-mc, K = 8) for HS emission image data analysis.

Conclusions
This exploratory work presents a potential avenue for improving "in-vivo" disease characterization using optical technology, specifically our LIF technique combined with the advanced K-mc approach, facilitating early tumor diagnosis in BC.