bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Safety in Type 2 Diabetes With Sulfonylureas as Second-line Drugs: A Nationwide Population-Based Comparative Safety Study
Authors: Wang Huan , Cordiner Ruth L.M. , Huang Yu , Donnelly Louise , Hapca Simona , Collier Andrew , McKnight John , Kennon Brian , Gibb Fraser , McKeigue Paul , Wild Sarah H. , Colhoun Helen , Chalmers John , Petrie John , Sattar Naveed , MacDonald Thomas , McCrimmon Rory J. , Morales Daniel R. , Pearson Ewan R. ,   Scottish Diabetes Research Network Epidemiology Group, Blackbourn Luke , Cunningham Scott , Gibb Fraser , Leese Graham , Lindsay Robert , McAllister David , McGurnaghan Stuart , Philip Sam 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE
To assess the real-world cardiovascular (CV) safety for sulfonylureas (SU), in comparison with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i) and thiazolidinediones (TZD), through development of robust methodology for causal inference in a whole nation study.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A cohort study was performed including people with type 2 diabetes diagnosed in Scotland before 31 December 2017, who failed to reach HbA1c 48 mmol/mol despite metformin monotherapy and initiated second-line pharmacotherapy (SU/DPP4i/TZD) on or after 1 January 2010. The primary outcome was composite major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including hospitalization for myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, heart failure, and CV death. Secondary outcomes were each individual end point and all-cause death. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression and an instrumental variable (IV) approach were used to control confounding in a similar way to the randomization process in a randomized control trial.

RESULTS
Comparing SU to non-SU (DPP4i/TZD), the hazard ratio (HR) for MACE was 1.00 (95% CI: 0.91–1.09) from the multivariable Cox regression and 1.02 (0.91–1.13) and 1.03 (0.91–1.16) using two different IVs. For all-cause death, the HR from Cox regression and the two IV analyses was 1.03 (0.94–1.13), 1.04 (0.93–1.17), and 1.03 (0.90–1.17).

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings contribute to the understanding that second-line SU for glucose lowering are unlikely to increase CV risk or all-cause mortality. Given their potent efficacy, microvascular benefits, cost effectiveness, and widespread use, this study supports that SU should remain a part of the global diabetes treatment portfolio.
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI TEPUNG MAGGOT BLACK SOLDIER FLY (BSF) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP KANDUNGAN LOW DENSITY LIPOPROROTEIN (LDL) DAN HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROROTEIN (HDL) DARAH AYAM JOPER BETINA
Authors: Laila Dwi Nur , Suharyati Sri , Sutrisna Rudy , Fathul Farida 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis terbaik pemberian tepung maggot terhadap LDL dan HDL darah ayam joper betina. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Februari – Maret 2022 dan berlokasi di Peternakan Ayam Joper Daffa, Labuhan Dalem, Kecamatan Tanjung Senang, Kota Bandar Lampung. Pemeriksaan LDL dan HDL dilakukan di Laboratorium Klinik Pramitra Biolab Indonesia, Way Halim, Bandar Lampung. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu ransum tanpa suplementasi tepung maggot (P0), ransum dengan suplementasi 5 % tepung maggot (P1), ransum dengan suplementasi 10 % tepung maggot (P2), dan ransum dengan suplementasi 15 % tepung maggot (P3). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyara Terkecil (BNT). Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi tepung maggot sampai 15 % tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kadar Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) dan hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan ransum tanpa suplementasi tepung maggot (P0) dengan ransum ditambah suplementasi tepung maggot 10 % (P2) berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap High density lipoprotein (HDL) darah ayam joper betina.
JUMLAH ERITROSIT, KADAR HEMOGLOBIN, DAN NILAI HEMATOKRIT KAMBING SABURAI BETINA YANG TERINFESTASI JENIS CACING SALURAN PENCERNAAN DAN EIMERIA SP., DI KECAMATAN GISTING KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS
Authors: Hakiki Nurul , Suharyati Sri , Husni Ali , Hartono Madi 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah eritrosit, kadar hemoglobin dan nilai hematokrit kambing Saburai betina yang terinfestasi jenis cacing saluran pencernaan dan Elmeria sp., di Kecamatan Gisting Kabupaten Tanggamus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Maret-Mei 2022 dengan pengambilan sampel darah kambing Saburai di Kelompok Ternak Kabupaten Tanggamus. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan dari sampel darah kambing Saburai. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah P1: kambing Saburai yang terinfestasi Eimeria sp., P2: kambing Saburai yang terinfestasi Haemonchus sp., dan Eimeria sp., dan P3: kambing Saburai yang terinfestasi Haemonchus sp., Mecistocirrus digitatus dan Eimeria sp. Analisis jumlah eritrosit dan nilai hematokrit darah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Patologi, Balai Veteriner Lampung dan analisis kadar hemoglobin dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fisiologi Ternak, Jurusan Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan sidik ragam pada taraf (P<0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa infestasi jenis cacing saluran pencernaan dan Eimeria sp., pada kambing Saburai tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap jumlah eritrosit, kadar hemoglobin dan nilai hematokrit. Jumlah eritrosit tertinggi pada kambing Saburai yang terinfestasi Eimeria sp., (11,03x106/µl) dan terendah yang terinfestasi gabungan Haemonchus sp., dengan Eimeria sp., (7,84 x106/µl). Kadar hemoglobin tertinggi pada kambing Saburai yang terinfestasi gabungan Haemonchus sp., Mecistocirrus digitatus dengan Eimeria sp., (11,25 g/dL) dan terendah yang terinfestasi Eimeria sp., (10,40 g/dL). Nilai hematokrit tertinggi pada kambing Saburai yang terinfestasi Eimeria sp., (32,65%), dan terendah yang terinfestasi gabungan Haemonchus sp., Mecistocirrus digitatus dengan Eimeria sp., (26,68%).
Development of Student Moral Learning Applications as an Effort to Strengthen Character Education for Elementary School Students
Authors: Gusti Utari Akhir , Akbar Habi , Rismawati Rismawati , Putri Aulia Rama , Sintya Dilla 
Published: March 2023

The development of technology in the world of educationencourages the educational process to be more advanced and flexible. The introduction of technology to students aims to make them have extensive knowledge and experience to be used in their lives in the future. Kuriculum 2013 emphasizes the panyof intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence. In its implementation, there are still few learning media available that can increase spiritual intelligence. So far, learning media has only been aimed at intellectual and emotional intelligence, even though spiritual intelligence has an important role in building the character of students. Therefore, it is necessary to develop learning media that can increasethe 3 intelligences, especially spiritual intelligence. The Student Learning Application (BAS) is an application that is integrated with moral strengthening in students. The type of research used is Research and development with 4D models (define, design, develop, and dissminate). In this study, it only reached the stage of developing with validity testing and small-scale testing. Thedata analysis techniques are qualitative and quantitative. The research was conducted at SDN 18 Air Tawar Timur, SDN 25 Air Tawar Timur, and SD Pembangunan Universitas Negeri Padang. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interviews, distributing product validation questionnaires, and response test questionnaires to students and elementary school teachers. The results of the study obtained results that the media was valid and the response test obtained quite good results. This learning media can be used as an alternative in an effort to strengthen spiritual values in learning media in schools.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: using comparative medicine to understand exposure and adverse health outcomes in people and their pets
Authors: Brake Heather D. , Wilkins Melinda J. , Kaneene John B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
One of the important human health benefits of keeping pets may be to serve as an early warning system for indoor childhood exposure to toxic chemicals such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The stain-resistant properties and environmental stability of PFAS make them a preferred choice for protective coatings and lubricants, and they have been used for years in various manufacturing and industrial processes around the world. Although the use of PFAS has arguably improved many commercial products, they have been linked to adverse health outcomes such as developmental delays, liver damage, immune suppression, disruption of endocrine and reproductive systems, and some cancers. The current body of literature suggests that serum PFAS levels in dogs and cats are analogous to their human counterparts and that household pets experience similar changes in blood chemistry markers. The proximity of small children and household pets to PFAS-treated carpets and floors, in addition to their tendency to put things into their mouths, potentially allows pets to serve as sentinels for household PFAS exposure. To assess the suitability of pets as indicators for exposure, researchers need to understand the most likely sources of PFAS exposure for household pets and identify the biomarkers of biological effects in those animals. Understanding these parameters may alert veterinary clinicians to potential sources of contamination in the home and ultimately protect the lives of the children and animals who live there.
The five-year KRAS, NRAS and BRAF analysis results and treatment patterns in daily clinical practice in Slovenia in 1st line treatment of metastatic colorectal (mCRC) patients with RAS wild-type tumour (wtRAS) – a real- life data report 2013–2018
Authors: Mesti Tanja , Rebersek Martina , Ocvirk Janja 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
We preformed a Phase IV non-interventional study to assess KRAS, NRAS and BRAF status in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients suitable for 1st line treatment and to evaluate the decisions for 1st line treatment considering the treatment goals in the RAS wild type (wt) patients. The aim of our study was also to evaluate the influence of a waiting period for biomarkers analysis on the start of first-line treatment.

Patients and methods
Patients with histologically confirmed mCRC adenocarcinoma suitable for first-line treatment fulfilling all inclusion criteria were included in the study. The KRAS, NRAS and BRAF analysis was performed from tissue samples of primary tumor site or metastatic site. All included patients have given consent to participate in the study by signing the informed consent form.

Results
From April 2013 to March 2018 at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana 650 patients were included, 637 of them were treated with first- line systemic treatment according to RAS and BRAF status. Remaining 13 patients with mCRC did not receive systemic first-line treatment. The distribution of patients with KRAS mutated and wild-type tumors, was almost equal, 48.8% and 47.9% respectively, 89 % of the patients had wt NRAS tumours and 86.1% had wt BRAF tumours. The most frequently prescribed treatment was bevacizumab-based therapy (53.1%), either in combination with doublet chemotherapy or with mono-chemotherapy. EGFR inhibitors cetuximab and panitumumab were prescribed in wt RAS mCRC patients (30.9%). The waiting period for biomarkers analysis was two weeks.

Conclusions
Our real-world data, single centre 5-year analysis showed that the distribution between wild type and mutated type tumors of the patients with mCRC was approximately the same, as worldwide, so the Slovenian population with mCRC has the same ratio distribution of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF wild and mutated genes. We concluded that a two-week waiting period for biomarkers analysis did not influence the first line treatment decision, so it was in the accordance with the worldwide treatment guidelines based on evidence-based medicine.
Exploring the Philosophy and Forms of Traditional Balinese Architecture at Badung Market
Authors: Pranajaya I Kadek , Artayasa I Nyoman 
Published: March 2023

After the fire disaster, Badung market was rebuilt by applying the values of Balinese local wisdom. It was designed through an integrated synergy of regional arrangement within the Badung market, Kumbasari market, and the arrangement of the Tukad Badung to support the concept of a heritage city tour in Denpasar City. The philosophical concept used is tapak dara and padu raksa. The concept of values and architectural forms uses the Triangga, the Trimandala, the Sanga Mandala, and the Tri Hita Karana concepts. The forms of the entrance uses the bintang aring concept. It is combined with the kayon form as a symbol of balance, horizontal and vertical for human life. The concept of Balinese traditional architectural decoration uses bebadungan decorations. This research was with a qualitative exploratory method Researchers also found modernization towards more advanced changes with rational, effective, efficient, and economic principles. This is evidenced in the use ornaments made of Glass Reinforced Concrete, elevator facilities, and escalators. In addition, Badung market was designed to be more modern and universal with a children's play room, lactation room, emergency stairs, accessible toilets, and other facilities.Menjelajahi Filosofi dan Bentuk Arsitektur Tradisional Bali di Pasar Badung. Pascabencana kebakaran, Pasar Badung dibangun dengan menerapkan nilai kearifan lokal Bali. Didesain melalui sinergitas penataan kawasan secara terpadu antara Pasar Badung, Pasar Kumbasari, dan penataan tukad Badung untuk menunjang konsep tur kota pusaka (heritage city tour) Kota Denpasar. Konsep filosofis yang digunakan adalah tapak dara sebagai simbol keseimbangan dan padu raksa sebagai makna stabilitas perputaran ekonomi masyarakat untuk peningkatan kesejahteraan. Konsep tata nilai dan bentuk bangunan menggunakan konsep triangga, trimandala, sanga mandala, dan tri hita karana. Bentuk pintu masuk pada bangunan utama menggunakan konsep bintang aring dengan bebatelan di kiri dan kanan. Bintang aring difilosofikan sebagai pintu yang bercahaya bagai bintang sehingga terlihat monumental, berestetika, dan menambah kesan oriental. Bintang aring dikombinasikan dengan bentuk kayon sebagai lambang keseimbangan, horisontal dan vertikal bagi kehidupan manusia. Konsep ragam hias arsitektur tradisional Bali menggunakan ragam hias bebadungan. Ragam hias ini didesain untuk menciptakan identitas jati diri Kota Denpasar. Peneliti juga menemukan kehidupan modernisasi dengan prinsip rasional, efektif, efisien, dan ekonomis. Hal ini dibuktikan pada penggunaan ornamen dari bahan Glass Reinforced Concrete (GRC), fasilitas elevator, dan eskalator. Selain itu Pasar Badung didesain lebih modern dan universal dengan adanya ruang bermain anak, ruang laktasi, tangga darurat, toilet aksesibel, dan fasilitas lainnya.
Post-Menopausal Quality of Life Claims: Overlooking the Requirements of Normal Science and Fundamental Measurement in ICER’S Cost-Effectiveness Assessment of Fezolinetant for Moderate to Severe Vasomotor Symptoms
Authors: Langley Paul C 
Published: March 2023

One of the signal failures in health technology assessment is the absence of consideration given, not only to the standards of normal science, but to those of fundamental measurement. A recent evidence report by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) is emblematic of this failure. Based on a simple linear regression model that translates aggregate scores from the ordinal Menopause-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) to the ordinal EuroQol EQ-5D-5L, ICER has applied these scores to an assumption driven model simulation to produce preferences, QALYs and incremental cost-per-QALY claims for fezolinetant for moderate to severe symptoms associated with menopause. Unfortunately, the attempt to crosswalk multidimensional or multiattribute ordinal scores is mathematically impossible. The ‘created’ EQ-5D-5L preferences are, as a result, of no interest. The overall result is that the ICER modelled claims for cost-effectiveness fail the required standards for normal science and fundamental measurement. fundamental are impossible. This is unfortunate, although it might be possible to assess certain domains of the MENQOL for their approximation to an interval score with the application of the Rasch Rating Scale Model, this will not support quality of life claims. A preferred approach would be to consider an alternative latent trait for quality of life in menopause, applying Rasch Measurement Theory (RMT), to develop a polytomous instrument that has the required measurement properties. The purpose of this commentary is to point out, as a number of previous commentaries have done, that this framework for creating assumption driven simulated modelled claims has no role in decisions for product assessment, access to formulary and pricing. This commentary expands upon these previous commentaries in placing RMT is the context of a needed paradigm shift to support the evolution of objective knowledge. This is critical if we are to understand, from the individual’s perspective, not only an accurate assessment of the burden of menopause but to see this as part of an on-going research program that has to rely on fundamental measurement.
THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS
Authors: Kavka Mariya 
Published: March 2023

The aim is the analysis of clinical and anamnestic, biochemical and hemostasiological parameters in thromboembolic complications in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC).
Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of clinical information was performed regarding 206 patients with a diagnosis of acute calculous cholecystitis, who were hospitalized in the Emergency Medical Care Hospital of Lviv (current name: St. Panteleimon Hospital of the First Territorial Medical Association of the City of Lviv) in the period from 2014 to 2018.
Results and Discussion. It was established that 2.91% of patients with ACC had thromboembolic complications, which were manifested in the form of deep vein thrombosis and PE of small branches and were more often diagnosed in patients with significantly older age (on average, 72.67±11.13 years of age). Thromboembolic complications in patients with ACC developed reliably more often in people who had concomitant pathology (hypertensive disease, IHD, COPD, liver cirrhosis, stroke). Patients with a complicated thrombotic diagnosis were also diagnosed with final non-thrombotic complications: local and general peritonitis, perivesical abscess, perforation, abdominal sepsis and subhepatic abscess. The average duration of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCE) in patients without complications was 60.00 [45.0-70.0] minutes, in patients with non-thrombotic complications - 62.50 [38.5-85.0] minutes, and in patients with thrombotic complications it was significantly longer - 95.0 [95.0-95.0] minutes (p<0.05).
Conclusions. In patients with complicated acute cholecystitis, thromboembolic complications with local and general peritonitis, perivesical abscess were diagnosed more often (p<0.05). Patients with complicated acute calculous cholecystitis underwent cholecystectomy (83.33% [46.48-99.96]) reliably more often than patients with uncomplicated acute cholecystitis, whereas LCE was performed only in 16.67% [0.04-53.52] of cases. Therefore, cholecystectomy lasted for more than 1 hour in 80% [38,45-99,94] of cases.
The Role Of The Arabic Language In Islamic Economy
Authors: Arwani Agus Yusuf 
Published: March 2023

This study aims to clarify the role of the Arabic language in Islamic Economy through a library research. It used descriptive approach combined with content analysis approach. Arabic is a compulsory language. When Islam expanded and came into contact with other civilizations, Arabic acted as a bridge of scholarship through the movement of translation. This movement got the right momentum, not only from the ulama, but also political and financial support from the umara, so the synergy of power and knowledge transformed into a powerful force in the development of Islamic science and civilization. Arabic in the future is predicted to play a more optimal role if Islamic educational institutions can synergize with power in establishing its role as a language of diplomacy, language of education, and language of communication in various fields especially in the Islamic economy field.

Keyword: Arabic, Islamic Economy
Development of centrifugal pumps: from simplestdesigns to use in oil pipeline systems
Authors: Шотер Павел Иванович , Сощенко Анатолий Евгеньевич , Мастобаев Борис Николаевич , Валеев Анвар Рашитович 
Published: March 2023

Центробежные насосы являются основным оборудованием в системе магистрального трубопроводного транспорта нефти и нефтепродуктов. История развития насосов – путь в несколько тысячелетий от простейших конструкций бытового назначения до современного высокоэффективного оборудования для производственных нужд. При этом актуальными являются задачи модернизации насосного оборудования: совершенствования конструкции и технологии изготовления, повышения энергоэффективности. Авторами рассмотрена история возникновения и развития центробежных насосов, отмечен вклад ученых и инженеров в этой области. Представлен опыт применения различных типов насосов в отечественной системе магистрального трубопроводного транспорта нефти и нефтепродуктов, указаны недостатки и причины снижения эффективности насосных агрегатов, поставляемых в Россию зарубежными производителями. Выполнена сравнительная характеристика магистральных насосов ведущих мировых фирм. Отмечено, что к настоящему времени в нашей стране реализовано серийное производство насосов с высокими техническими характеристиками, что позволило исключить зарубежные закупки основного насосного оборудования, в полной мере обеспечив работу отечественной системы магистральных нефте- и нефтепродуктопроводов.
Centrifugal pumps are the main equipment in the system of main pipeline transportation of oil and oil products. The history of the development of pumps is a journey of several millennia, from the simplest household designs to modern highly-efficient equipment for industrial needs. At the same time, the tasks of modernizing pumping equipment are critical: improving the design and manufacturing technology, and increasing energy efficiency. The authors reviewed the history of the emergence and development of centrifugal pumps, noted the contribution of scientists and engineers in this field. The experience of using various types of pumps in the domestic system of main pipeline transportation of oil and oil products is presented, the shortcomings and reasons for the decrease in the efficiency of pumping units supplied to Russia by foreign manufacturers are indicated. A comparative analysis of the main line pumps of the world’s leading companies is carried out. It was noted that by now mass production of high-specification pumps has been implemented in our country, which made it possible to exclude foreign purchases of the main pumping equipment, fully ensuring the operation of the domestic system of main oil and oil product pipelines.