bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐Period Bioequivalence Study of Sodium Levofolinate Injection With Calcium Levofolinate for Injection and Sodium Folinate for Injection in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Qiu Benfeng , Liu Gege , Wang Changmao , Chen Xinyan , Liu Ran , Huang Yunzhe , Jia Yuanwei , Shen Jie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the bioequivalence and safety of test preparation sodium levofolinate injection with reference preparations of calcium levofolinate for injection and sodium folinate for injection in China. A single‐center, randomized, open‐label, 3‐period, crossover test was conducted on 24 healthy subjects. Plasma concentration of levofolinate, dextrofolinate, and their metabolites l‐5‐methyltetrahydrofolate and d‐5‐methyltetrahydrofolate were quantified by a validated chiral–liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method. All adverse events (AEs) were documented to evaluate safety as they occurred and evaluated descriptively. Pharmacokinetic parameters (maximum plasma concentration, time to maximum concentration, area under the plasma concentration–time curve over the dosing interval, area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity, terminal elimination half‐life, and terminal rate constant) of 3 preparations were calculated. A total of 8 subjects (10 cases) of AEs occurred in this trial. No serious AEs or unexpected serious adverse reactions were observed. Sodium levofolinate was bioequivalent to calcium levofolinate and sodium folinate in Chinese subjects, and the 3 preparations were all well tolerated.
Non‐enzyme electrochemical sensing fabrics and wearable applications based on bimetallic NiCo‐MOFs
Authors: Yuan Mengxian , Wang Lichao , Li Kerui , Zhang Qinghong , Li Yaogang , Hou Chengyi , Wang Hongzhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPortable sweat analysis devices for real‐time monitoring of health‐related biomarkers with great detection accuracy and high sensitivity are attracting public interest. Here, we report a flexible fabric sweat analysis devices bimetallic Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for detection of glucose in sweat without any biological enzymes. The synergy between Ni2+ and Co2+ and the large surface area (424.41 m2 g−1) and high porosity (0.0542 cm3 g−1) of NiCo‐MOF make NiCo‐MOF an interesting electrode modification material in the working electrode. Furthermore, the ultra‐high porosity and huge surface area of the MOFs structure are required for electrocatalysts in alkaline media. On the basis of the above, we have developed a fabric‐based analytical patch, which is sufficient for simultaneous real‐time detection of glucose in sweat.
Integrating metabolomics and lipidomics revealed a decrease in plasma fatty acids but an increase in triglycerides in children with drug‐refractory epilepsy
Authors: Guo Hong‐Li , Wang Wei‐Jun , Dong Na , Zhao Yue‐Tao , Dai Hao‐Ran , Hu Ya‐Hui , Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Jie , Qiu Jin‐Chun , Lu Xiao‐Peng , Chen Feng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe drug‐refractory epilepsy (DRE) in children is commonly observed but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We examined whether fatty acids (FAs) and lipids are potentially associated with the pharmacoresistance to valproic acid (VPA) therapy.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from pediatric patients collected between May 2019 and December 2019 at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Ninety plasma samples from 53 responders with VPA monotherapy (RE group) and 37 non‐responders with VPA polytherapy (NR group) were collected. Non‐targeted metabolomics and lipidomics analysis for those plasma samples were performed to compare the potential differences of small metabolites and lipids between the two groups. Plasma metabolites and lipids passing the threshold of variable importance in projection value >1, fold change >1.2 or <0.8, and p‐value <0.05 were regarded as statistically different substances.ResultsA total of 204 small metabolites and 433 lipids comprising 16 different lipid subclasses were identified. The well‐established partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) revealed a good separation of the RE from the NR group. The FAs and glycerophospholipids status were significantly decreased in the NR group, but their triglycerides (TG) levels were significantly increased. The trend of TG levels in routine laboratory tests was in line with the lipidomics analysis. Meanwhile, cases from the NR group were characterized by a decreased level of citric acid and L‐thyroxine, but with an increased level of glucose and 2‐oxoglutarate. The top two enriched metabolic pathways involved in the DRE condition were biosynthesis of unsaturated FAs and linoleic acid metabolism.SignificanceThe results of this study suggested an association between metabolism of FAs and the medically intractable epilepsy. Such novel findings might propose a potential mechanism linked to the energy metabolism. Ketogenic acid and FAs supplementation might therefore be high‐priority strategies for DRE management.
Chemical aging of sealing gasket of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
Authors: Xu Wenbin , Zhang Xu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs the key sealing part of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the gasket is easily damaged in acidic solution and wet air for a long time in PEMFC, resulting in unsafe and unstable operation of PEMFC. In this paper, the regular solution (RS) and accelerated durability test (ADT) solution in PEMFC were prepared to study the aging damage process of silicone rubber gasket, and the attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (ATR‐FTIR) was used to analyze the surface changes of gaskets soaked in solutions. The results showed that the weight loss of samples increased with the soaking time in both ADT solution and RS solution, and the damage of samples in ADT solution was faster and more serious than that in RS solution. Meanwhile, the microstructure diagram also indicated that the damage of the samples in ADT solution was more serious than that in the RS solution. The ATR‐FTIR analysis results showed that the intensity of characteristic wave peaks of samples at 706, 787, 867, 1006, 1071, 1260, and 2961cm−1 in ADT solution decreased faster than that in RS solution, which was consistent with the results of weight analysis and microstructure analysis.
Minimally invasive retroauricular approach parotidectomy: A pictorial essay
Authors: Sethi Harleen K. , Fundakowski Christopher E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe surgical approach to a parotid neoplasm has traditionally been taught through a modified‐Blair incision. This approach results in a visible scar in the preauricular, retromandibular, and upper neck skin. Various modifications have been undertaken which aim to improve cosmesis either by decreasing overall incision length and/or relocation of the incision to the hairline via what is commonly described as a “facelift approach”. We describe a novel minimally invasive parotidectomy approach which utilizes a single retroauricular incision. This approach eliminates both the preauricular scar as well as the extended incision in the hairline and additional skin flap elevation which accompanies it. Sixteen patients underwent parotidectomy using this minimally invasive incision and the excellent clinical outcomes are reviewed. The minimally invasive retroauricular approach to parotidectomy provides excellent exposure with no visible incision/scar in appropriately selected patients.
Rates of osteoradionecrosis in resected oral cavity cancer reconstructed with free tissue transfer in the intensity‐modulated radiotherapy era
Authors: Wu Shannon S. , Hong Hanna , Fritz Michael , Ku Jamie , Prendes Brandon , Silver Natalie , Genther Dane J. , Ciolek Peter , Byrne Patrick , Brauer Philip , Reddy Chandana A. , Woody Neil , Campbell Shauna , Koyfman Shlomo A. , Lamarre Eric D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundResected oral cavity carcinoma defects are often reconstructed with osteocutaneous or soft‐tissue free flaps, but risk of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is unknown.MethodsThis retrospective study included oral cavity carcinoma treated with free‐tissue reconstruction and postoperative IMRT between 2000 and 2019. Risk‐regression assessed risk factors for grade ≥2 ORN.ResultsOne hundred fifty‐five patients (51% male, 28% current smokers, mean age 62 ± 11 years) were included. Median follow‐up was 32.6 months (range, 1.0–190.6). Thirty‐eight (25%) patients had fibular free flap for mandibular reconstruction, whereas 117 (76%) had soft‐tissue reconstruction. Grade ≥2 ORN occurred in 14 (9.0%) patients, at a median 9.8 months (range, 2.4–61.5) after IMRT. Post‐radiation teeth extraction was significantly associated with ORN. One‐year and 10‐year ORN rates were 5.2% and 10%, respectively.ConclusionsORN risk was comparable between osteocutaneous and soft‐tissue reconstruction for resected oral cavity carcinoma. Osteocutaneous flaps can be safely performed with no excess concern for mandibular ORN.
Post‐laryngectomy pulmonary and related symptom changes following adoption of an optimal day‐and‐night heat and moisture exchanger (HME) regimen
Authors: Ward Elizabeth C. , Hancock Kelli , Boxall Jenni , Burns Clare L. , Spurgin Ann‐Louise , Lehn Belinda , Hoey Juliet , Robinson Rachelle , Coleman Adele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined post‐laryngectomy pulmonary and related symptom changes following establishment of an optimal day/night regimen (all day/night wear of devices with improved humidification) using a new generation range of heat and moisture exchanger (HME) devices.MethodsIn Phase 1 (6 weeks), 42 post‐laryngectomy HME users transitioned from their usual HME regime to equivalent new device/s (i.e., “like‐for‐like”). In Phase 2 (6 weeks) participants used the full range of HMEs to achieve an optimal day/night regimen. Pulmonary symptoms, device use, sleep, skin integrity, quality of life and satisfaction were examined at baseline, and weeks 2 and 6 of each Phase.ResultsFrom baseline to end of Phase 2, cough symptoms and impact significantly improved, as did sputum symptoms, sputum impact, duration and types of HMEs used, reasons for HME replacement, involuntary coughs, and sleep.ConclusionThe new HME range supported improved HME use, with pulmonary and related symptom benefits.
The medial entorhinal cortex is necessary for the stimulus control over hippocampal place fields by distal, but not proximal, landmarks
Authors: Allison Elizabeth A. M. A. , Moore Joe W. , Arkell Daisy , Thomas Julia , Dudchenko Paul A. , Wood Emma R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA fundamental property of place cells in the hippocampus is the anchoring of their firing fields to salient landmarks within the environment. However, it is unclear how such information reaches the hippocampus. In the current experiment, we tested the hypothesis that the stimulus control exerted by distal visual landmarks requires input from the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). Place cells were recorded from mice with ibotenic acid lesions of the MEC (n = 7) and from sham‐lesioned mice (n = 6) following 90° rotations of either distal landmarks or proximal cues in a cue‐ controlled environment. We found that lesions of the MEC impaired the anchoring of place fields to distal landmarks, but not proximal cues. We also observed that, relative to sham‐lesioned mice, place cells in animals with MEC lesions exhibited significantly reduced spatial information and increased sparsity. These results support the view that distal landmark information reaches the hippocampus via the MEC, but that proximal cue information can do so via an alternative neural pathway.
Water use patterns of dominant species of riparian wetlands in arid areas
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhu Guofeng , Lin Xinrui , Liu Yuwei , Zhao Kailiang , Sang Liyuan , Zhang Wenhao , Qiu Dongdong , Zhang Zhuanxia , Sun Zhigang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWater resource shortage in arid areas is the main cause of ecological problems. Understanding plant water use patterns is essential for understanding soil–plant interactions and assessing the adaptability of plants in ecosystems with limited water resources. Riparian wetlands are functional transition areas connecting aquatic ecosystems and terrestrial ecosystems. Wetland vegetation restoration is of great significance to water conservation and ecological balance. Using isotope tracing method, our study clarified the water use patterns of dominant plants in typical riparian wetlands in arid areas. The results showed that the dominant herbal species ofSalsola affinismainly used 0–60 cm soil water (48.96%).Salsola affinis, which continuously obtains water from shallow soil, may be difficult to survive in extreme drought conditions. If it withered significantly aged in the dry season, it would have a negative ecological impact. The dominant tree species ofSalix matsudanaKoidz mainly used 20–100 cm soil water (43.99%) and groundwater (23.16%). With increasing water stress,S. matsudanaKoidz had a greater degree of ecological plasticity and can use water from deeper soils. However,S. matsudanaKoidz can continuously obtained water from deep soil and groundwater, which may weaken the water and soil conservation capacity of the wetland. In addition, the lc‐excess value of soil water showed that the soil evaporation intensity of grassland was higher than that of forest land, and the surface evaporation depth reached 60 cm. Our findings will help better understand the impact of vegetation restoration plan (artificial forest land and natural grassland) on the hydrological process of riparian wetland in arid areas, and provide reference for plant species selection and water resources management.
Foreign direct investment, sectoral output performance and poverty in Africa: Evidence from panel structural vector autoregressive and threshold regression models
Authors: Chukwu Anayochukwu Basil , Adewuyi Adeolu O. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAfrican countries are faced with many challenges, which have hindered growth and development, yet they are unable to implement policies to attract adequate external funding for addressing their growth and development challenges. Using a cross‐sectional panel data of 23 African countries, spanning 1996–2020, this study applied a novel panel structural autoregressive model and a modification of the recently introduced dynamic threshold model to analyse the foreign direct investment (FDI)‐growth‐poverty relationship at sectoral level. The study accounted for heterogeneity, simultaneity bias and cross‐sectional dependence in the modelling exercise. Findings suggest that shocks in FDI produced significant positive impact on manufacturing and services output performances in Africa in the short‐term. However, shocks in FDI did not stimulate appreciable effect on agricultural output performance over time. Moreover, the results show that the effect of FDI shocks on human development index (HDI) was greater in the short‐ to medium‐term than in the long‐term. The threshold regression results suggest that higher levels of FDI inflow and HDI are needed for macroeconomic factors to produce significant positive effects on sectoral output performance. This study therefore provided some valuable recommendations to guide evidence‐based policy making in Africa to improve sectoral output and welfare.
Parenting stress and competence among mothers of young children with substance use disorders: The roles of trauma and reflective functioning
Authors: Paris Ruth , Herriott Anna L. , Holt Melissa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPosttraumatic stress symptoms are prominent in the lives of parents of young children with substance use disorders (SUD). Parenting experiences, particularly stress and competence, impact parenting behaviors and concomitant child growth and development. Factors that promote positive experiences of parenting, such as parental reflective functioning (PRF), and protect the mother and child from negative outcomes are crucial to understand to develop effective therapeutic interventions. The current US study analyzed baseline data from a parenting intervention evaluation to examine how length of substance misuse, PRF, and trauma symptoms were associated with parenting stress and parenting sense of competence among mothers in treatment for SUDs. Measures included the Addiction Severity Index, PTSD Symptom Scale‐Self Report, Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, Parenting Stress Index/Short Form, and Parenting Sense of Competence Scale. The sample included 54 predominantly White mothers with SUDs who had young children. Two multivariate regression analyses found that (1) lower parental reflective functioning and higher posttraumatic stress symptoms were associated with higher parenting stress, and (2) only higher posttraumatic stress symptoms were associated with lower levels of parenting sense of competence. Findings underscore the importance of addressing trauma symptoms and PRF when aiming to improve parenting experiences for women with an SUD.
How does a change in outside options affect relational contracting outcomes? Experimental evidence and implications for agricultural contracting
Authors: Brindley Jacob , MacDonald James M. , Wu Steven Y. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe use experiments, guided by theory, to examine how an exogenous decrease in the value of an agent's outside option (e.g., a proxy for a reduction in alternative contracting opportunities) affects relational contracting across two institutional environments. In the pure relational contracting environment, principals respond to a reduction in agents' outside option by restructuring contracts to offer fewer payment guarantees. This exposes agents to more counter‐party risk and their actual profits fell well short of promised profits. This is mitigated when contracting institutions permit formal contracts to coexist with relational contracts. Extensive margin and intensive margin efficiency are mostly unaffected.
Performance of FRAX in Men With Prostate Cancer: A Registry-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Ye Carrie , Morin Suzanne N. , Lix Lisa M. , McCloskey Eugene V. , Johansson Helena , Harvey Nicholas C. , Kanis John A. , Leslie William D. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®) was created to predict major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) and hip fractures in the general population. Whether FRAX accurately predicts fractures in men with prostate cancer is unknown. Our objective was to assess the performance of FRAX for predicting incident fractures in men with prostate cancer. Men from the Manitoba Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Registry (1996–2018) with prostate cancer diagnoses in the 3 years prior to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were identified. FRAX scores with and without BMD were calculated. From population-based healthcare data we identified incident MOF, hip fracture, any osteoporotic fracture and death from the date of BMD testing to March 31, 2018. Cox regression was performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) per standard deviation increase in FRAX score. Observed 10-year probability (estimated with competing risk of mortality) was compared with 10-year FRAX-predicted fracture probability to assess calibration. The study population included 684 men with prostate cancer (mean age 74.6 years) and 8608 men without prostate cancer (mean age 65.5 years). FRAX stratified risk for MOF (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.48–2.45 with BMD; HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.43–2.69 without BMD) and hip fracture (HR 3.37, 95% CI 1.90–6.01 with BMD; HR 4.58, 95% CI 2.17–9.67 without BMD) in men with prostate cancer. There was no effect modification observed with prostate cancer status or current androgen deprivation therapy. Observed 10-year fracture probability in men with prostate cancer showed good agreement with FRAX with and without BMD included in the calculation (observed/predicted calibration ratios MOF 0.97, hip 1.00 with BMD; MOF 0.92, hip 0.93 with BMD). In conclusion, FRAX reliably predicts incident fractures in men with prostate cancer. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Beneficial effects of quercetin on vincristine‐induced liver injury in rats: Modulating the levels of Nrf2/HO‐1, NF‐kB/STAT3, and SIRT1/PGC‐1α
Authors: Çomaklı Selim , Özdemir Selçuk , Küçükler Sefa , Kandemir Fatih M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOur experimental objective was to investigate the hepatotoxic effect of vincristine (VCR) administration in rats and determined whether combined therapy with Quercetin (Quer) ensured protection. Five groups with seven rats each were used for this purpose, and experimental groups were formulated as follows: Control group; Quer group; VCR group; VCR plus Quer 25 group; VCR plus Quer 50 group. The results showed that VCR significantly increased the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes. Besides, VCR caused considerable increases in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, along with significant decreases in reduced glutathione levels, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities in the rat livers. Quer treatment in VCR toxicity markedly decreased the activity of ALT, AST, ALP enzymes, and MDA contents and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The results also showed that VCR significantly increased the levels of NF‐kB, STAT3, and the expression of caspase 3, Bax, and MAP LC3 and decreased the expression of Bcl2 and levels of Nrf2, HO‐1, SIRT1, and PGC‐1α. Compared to the VCR group, Quer treatment exhibited significantly lower levels of NF‐kB, STAT3, and the expression of caspase 3, Bax, and MAP LC3, and higher levels of Nrf2, HO‐1, SIRT1, and PGC‐1α. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that Quer could alleviate the harmful effects of VCR via activation of NRf2/HO‐1 and SIRT1/PGC‐1α pathways, and via attenuation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and NF‐kB/STAT3 pathways.