bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pipkin type III femoral head fracture: which treatment strategy can be recommended?
Authors: Wang Shanxi , Yu Xiaojun , Li Bohua , Ding Qing , Wang Tianqi , Li Qin , Liu Lei , Wu Hua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Pipkin type III femoral head fractures are relatively rare injuries. Few studies have explored and described the treatment and outcomes of Pipkin type III femoral head fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in treating Pipkin type III femoral head fractures.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 12 patients with Pipkin type III femoral head fractures who underwent ORIF from July 2010 and January 2018. The complications and reoperations were recorded. The visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, Harris hip score (HHS), Thompson–Epstein criteria, and SF-12 score [including the physical component summary (PCS) and the mental component summary (MCS)] were used for functional assessment.

Results
Among the 12 patients, ten were males and two were females, with a mean age of 34.2 ± 11.9 years. The median follow-up time was 6 years (range 4–8 years). Five patients (42%) developed osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and one patient (8%) developed nonunion. These six patients (50%) underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). One patient (8%) developed heterotopic ossification and underwent ectopic bone excision; this patient also presented with post-traumatic arthritis. The mean final VAS pain score and HHS were 4.1 ± 3.1 points and 62.8 ± 24.4 points, respectively. According to the Thompson–Epstein criteria, there was one patient (8%) with excellent, four patients (33%) with good, one patient (8%) with fair, and six patients (50%) with poor outcomes. The PCS score and MCS score were 41.7 ± 34.7 points and 63.2 ± 14.5 points, respectively.

Conclusion
Limited by the high incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory functional outcomes when treating Pipkin type III femoral head fractures using ORIF, and a primary THA may be considered. However, for younger patients, considering the survivorship of prosthesis, ORIF may be recommended with the proviso that the patient is fully informed of the high complication rate associated with this procedure.
Level of evidence: IV.
Deinococcus radiodurans-derived membrane vesicles protect HaCaT cells against H2O2-induced oxidative stress via modulation of MAPK and Nrf2/ARE pathways
Authors: Han Jeong Moo , Song Ha-Yeon , Jung Jong-Hyun , Lim Sangyong , Seo Ho Seong , Kim Woo Sik , Lim Seung-Taik , Byun Eui-Baek 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Deinococcus radiodurans is a robust bacterium that can withstand harsh environments that cause oxidative stress to macromolecules due to its cellular structure and physiological functions. Cells release extracellular vesicles for intercellular communication and the transfer of biological information; their payload reflects the status of the source cells. Yet, the biological role and mechanism of Deinococcus radiodurans-derived extracellular vesicles remain unclear.

Aim
This study investigated the protective effects of membrane vesicles derived from D. radiodurans (R1-MVs) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells.

Results
R1-MVs were identified as 322 nm spherical molecules. Pretreatment with R1-MVs inhibited H2O2-mediated apoptosis in HaCaT cells by suppressing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. R1-MVs increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, restored glutathione (GSH) homeostasis, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) production in H2O2-exposed HaCaT cells. Moreover, the protective effect of R1-MVs against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells was dependent on the downregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and the upregulation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. Furthermore, the weaker protective capabilities of R1-MVs derived from ΔDR2577 mutant than that of the wild-type R1-MVs confirmed our inferences and indicated that SlpA protein plays a crucial role in R1-MVs against H2O2-induced oxidative stress.

Conclusion
Taken together, R1-MVs exert significant protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in keratinocytes and have the potential to be applied in radiation-induced oxidative stress models.
Circular RNAs modulate the floral fate acquisition in soybean shoot apical meristem
Authors: Babaei Saeid , Singh Mohan B. , Bhalla Prem L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Soybean (Glycine max), a major oilseed and protein source, requires a short-day photoperiod for floral induction. Though key transcription factors controlling flowering have been identified, the role of the non-coding genome is limited. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) recently emerged as a novel class of RNAs with critical regulatory functions. However, a study on circRNAs during the floral transition of a crop plant is lacking. We investigated the expression and potential function of circRNAs in floral fate acquisition by soybean shoot apical meristem in response to short-day treatment.

Results
Using deep sequencing and in-silico analysis, we denoted 384 circRNAs, with 129 exhibiting short-day treatment-specific expression patterns. We also identified 38 circRNAs with predicted binding sites for miRNAs that could affect the expression of diverse downstream genes through the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Notably, four different circRNAs with potential binding sites for an important microRNA module regulating developmental phase transition in plants, miR156 and miR172, were identified. We also identified circRNAs arising from hormonal signaling pathway genes, especially abscisic acid, and auxin, suggesting an intricate network leading to floral transition.

Conclusions
This study highlights the gene regulatory complexity during the vegetative to reproductive transition and paves the way to unlock floral transition in a crop plant.
Selective sweeps identification in distinct groups of cultivated rye (Secale cereale L.) germplasm provides potential candidate genes for crop improvement
Authors: Hawliczek Anna , Borzęcka Ewa , Tofil Katarzyna , Alachiotis Nikolaos , Bolibok Leszek , Gawroński Piotr , Siekmann Dörthe , Hackauf Bernd , Dušinský Roman , Švec Miroslav , Bolibok-Brągoszewska Hanna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
During domestication and subsequent improvement plants were subjected to intensive positive selection for desirable traits. Identification of selection targets is important with respect to the future targeted broadening of diversity in breeding programmes. Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a cereal that is closely related to wheat, and it is an important crop in Central, Eastern and Northern Europe. The aim of the study was (i) to identify diverse groups of rye accessions based on high-density, genome-wide analysis of genetic diversity within a set of 478 rye accessions, covering a full spectrum of diversity within the genus, from wild accessions to inbred lines used in hybrid breeding, and (ii) to identify selective sweeps in the established groups of cultivated rye germplasm and putative candidate genes targeted by selection.

Results
Population structure and genetic diversity analyses based on high-quality SNP (DArTseq) markers revealed the presence of three complexes in the Secale genus: S. sylvestre, S. strictum and S. cereale/vavilovii, a relatively narrow diversity of S. sylvestre, very high diversity of S. strictum, and signatures of strong positive selection in S. vavilovii. Within cultivated ryes we detected the presence of genetic clusters and the influence of improvement status on the clustering. Rye landraces represent a reservoir of variation for breeding, and especially a distinct group of landraces from Turkey should be of special interest as a source of untapped variation. Selective sweep detection in cultivated accessions identified 133 outlier positions within 13 sweep regions and 170 putative candidate genes related, among others, to response to various environmental stimuli (such as pathogens, drought, cold), plant fertility and reproduction (pollen sperm cell differentiation, pollen maturation, pollen tube growth), and plant growth and biomass production.

Conclusions
Our study provides valuable information for efficient management of rye germplasm collections, which can help to ensure proper safeguarding of their genetic potential and provides numerous novel candidate genes targeted by selection in cultivated rye for further functional characterisation and allelic diversity studies.
Efficacy of bi-level erector spinae plane block versus bi-level thoracic paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia in modified radical mastectomy: a prospective randomized comparative study
Authors: Santonastaso Domenico P. , de Chiara Annabella , Righetti Roberto , Marandola Diego , Sica Andrea , Bagaphou Claude T. , Rosato Chiara , Tognù Andrea , Curcio Annalisa , Lucchi Leonardo , Russo Emanuele , Agnoletti Vanni 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative analgesia in breast surgery is difficult due to the extensive nature of the surgery and the complex innervation of the breast; general anesthesia can be associated with regional anesthesia techniques to control intra- and post-postoperative pain.
This randomized comparative study aimed to compare the efficacy of the erector spinae plane block and the thoracic paravertebral block in radical mastectomy procedures with or without axillary emptying.

Methods
This prospective randomized comparative study included 82 adult females who were randomly divided into two groups using a computer-generated random number. Both groups, Thoracic Paraverterbal block group and Erector Spinae Plane Block group (41 patients each), received general anesthesia associated with a multilevel single-shot thoracic paravertebral block and a multilevel single-shot erector spinae plane block, respectively.
Postoperative pain intensity (expressed as Numeric Rating Scale), patients who needed rescue analgesic, intra- and post-operative opioid consumption, post-operative nausea and vomiting, length of stay, adverse events, chronic pain at 6 months, and the patient’s satisfaction were recorded.

Results
At 2 h (p < 0.001) and 6 h (p = 0.012) the Numeric Rating Scale was significantly lower in Thoracic Paraverterbal block group.
The Numeric Rating Scale at 12, 24, and 36 postoperative hours did not show significant differences.
There were no significant differences also in the number of patients requiring rescue doses of NSAIDs, in intra- and post-operative opioid consumption, in post-operative nausea and vomiting episodes and in the length of stay.
No failures or complications occurred in the execution of techniques and none of the patients reported any chronic pain at six months from the surgery.

Conclusions
Both thoracic paravertebral block and erector spinae plane block can be effectively used in controlling post-mastectomy pain with no significant differences between the two blocks.

Trial registration
The study was prospectively registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (trial identifier NCT04457115) (first registration 27/04/2020).
Mediation effect of maternal triglyceride and fasting glucose level on the relationship between maternal overweight/ obesity and fetal growth: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wan Yanmei , Chen Yixuan , Wu Xiaoxia , Yin Aiqi , Tian Fuying , Zhang Huafan , Huang Xuna , Wu Linlin , Niu Jianmin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that maternal overweight/obesity is asscociated with macrosomia. The present study aimed to investigate the mediation effects of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and maternal triglyceride (mTG) in the relationship between maternal overweight/obesity and large for gestational age (LGA) among non-diabetes pregnant women.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted in Shenzhen from 2017 to 2021. A total of 19,104 singleton term non-diabetic pregnancies were enrolled form a birth cohort study. FPG and mTG were measured at 24–28 weeks. We analyzed the association of maternal prepregancy overweight/obesity with LGA and mediation effects of FPG and mTG. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and serial multiple mediation analysis were performed. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.ResultsMothers who were overweight or obese had higher odds of giving birth to LGA after adjusting potential confounders (OR:1.88, 95%CI: 1.60–2.21; OR:2.72, 95%CI: 1.93–3.84, respectively). The serial multiple mediation analysis found prepregnancy overweight can not only have a direct positive effect on LGA (effect = 0.043, 95% CI: 0.028–0.058), but also have an indirect effect on the LGA through two paths: the independent mediating role of FPG (effect = 0.004, 95% CI: 0.002–0.005); the independent mediating role of mTG (effect = 0.003,95% CI: 0.002–0.005). The chain mediating role of FPG and mTG has no indirect effect. The estimated proportions mediated by FPG and mTG were 7.8% and 5.9%. Besides, the prepregnancy obesity also has a direct effect on LGA (effect = 0.076; 95%CI: 0.037–0.118) and an indirect effect on LGA through three paths: the independent mediating role of FPG (effect = 0.006; 95%CI: 0.004–0.009); the independent mediating role of mTG (effect = 0.006; 95%CI: 0.003–0.008), and the chain mediating role of FPG and mTG (effect = 0.001; 95%CI: 0.000-0.001). The estimated proportions were 6.7%, 6.7%, and 1.1%, respectively.ConclusionThis study found that in nondiabetic women, maternal overweight/obesity was associated with the occurence of LGA, and this positive association was partly mediated by FPG and mTG, suggesting that FPG and mTG in overweight/obese nondiabetic mothers deserve the attention of clinicians.
Anterior segment structure changes caused by different luminance light after implantable collamer lens surgery
Authors: Li Xia , Wang Min , Dong Weiwen , Cai Jinfeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds
To investigate the changes of anterior eye segment with implantable collamer lens (ICL) under mesopic and photopic conditions.

Method
Forty-seven eyes of myopic patients who underwent ICL V4c implantation were included. Three months after surgery, the pupil diameter (PD), dynamic vault, ACD (distance from the posterior corneal surface to the anterior lens surface), ACD-ICL (distance from the posterior corneal surface to the anterior ICL surface), and anterior chamber angle parameters were measured using the anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT, Carl Zeiss AG, Germany) under completely mesopic (0 lx) and photopic (5290 lx) lighting conditions.

Results
Compared with mesopic conditions, a significant decreased vault was detected in photopic conditions (486.7 ± 186.1 μm versus 643.5 ± 191.2 μm, p < 0.001), while the ACD-ICL increased significantly (2.54 ± 0.24 mm versus 2.37 ± 0.23 mm, p < 0.001). The pupil was smaller in photopic condition (2.66 ± 0.23 mm versus 5.62 ± 0.55 mm, p < 0.001). ACD didn’t change(3.32 ± 0.24 mm versus 3.31 ± 0.22 mm, p = 0.079). The change of the vault was positively related to the changes of the PD (r2 = 0.301, p = 0.04). There were no statistical difference between the change of vault and the change of ACD-ICL (158.0 ± 58.1 μm versus 165.9 ± 65.3 μm, p = 0.320).

Conclusion
When exposed to high intensity light after ICL surgery, the pupil constricted, vault decreased, ACA widened and ACD-ICL increased. All these changes were caused by the change of iris not the crystalline lens.
Appearance of retinal arterial macroaneurysms in patients using swept-source optical coherence tomographic angiography
Authors: Song Yi , Zhang Weican , Yu Suqin , Gong Yuanyuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM) is a common clinical disease leading to vision loss in elderly individuals. The appropriate interpretation of swept-source optical coherence tomographic angiography (SS-OCTA), a noninvasive examination, is easy and convenient for detecting the status of RAMs and guiding treatment.

Methods
The objectives of this study were to describe the morphologic characteristics of RAMs using SS-OCTA and to observe whether there are differences in the morphologies of RAMs between SS-OCTA and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), before and after treatment. We retrospectively evaluated twenty-two eyes of 22 patients who were diagnosed with RAMs. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including a review of medical records, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, FFA and SS-OCTA. RAMs were recorded by SS-OCTA before any treatment or observation decisions were made. The morphologic findings of the RAMs on SS-OCTA were investigated.

Results
On SS-OCTA, RAMs can show local dilatation or an irregular linear blood flow signal, and the dilated cystic lumen may show thrombosis with a low reflection signal. After treatment, the shape of the RAMs will show reactive changes. The findings on SS-OCTA are not very consistent with those on FFA.

Conclusions
The same RAM may have different manifestations on OCTA and FFA, and OCTA can more conveniently reflect the changes in blood flow signals and treatment response of RAMs.
Choroidal detachment and hypotony following selective laser trabeculoplasty: a case report
Authors: Kim Woong Hee , Lee Seung Hyen , Seo Jeong Hyun , Jung Eun Hye 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is relatively safe and effective in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). However, although rare, complications can occur after SLT. This report describes a patient with choroidal detachment due to hypotony following SLT without anterior chamber (AC) inflammation.

Case presentation
A 67-year-old man was referred for elevated IOP in his left eye with advanced glaucomatous visual field loss. He had previously been diagnosed with idiopathic uveitic glaucoma in the left eye, for which he underwent laser iridotomy, trabeculectomy, and cataract surgery. At the first visit, the IOP of his left eye measured by Goldmann tonometry was 28 mmHg despite maximally tolerated medical treatment. SLT was performed in his left eye, resulting in an IOP of 7 mmHg 7 days later. At 3 weeks post-procedure, the patient experienced ocular pain and decreased visual acuity in his left eye. Slit-lamp examination revealed deep anterior chamber depth and no inflammation reaction, but the IOP in his left eye was 4 mmHg, and both fundus and B-scan ultrasonography showed serous choroidal detachment. All anti-glaucoma agents were stopped, and the patient was started on treatment with oral prednisolone and cyclopentolate eye drops. Three weeks later, choroidal detachment had resolved and the IOP in his left eye had stabilized at 8 mmHg. Follow-up 3 months later showed that the IOP in his left eye remained stable.

Conclusions
Choroidal detachment-related hypotony is a rare complication of SLT. This possible complication following SLT should be informed to the patients and considered when performing the procedure.
Transdiagnostic factors predicting the 2-year disability outcome in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders
Authors: Ruitenberg G. Margaret , Booij S. H. Sanne , Batelaan N. M. Neeltje , Hoogendoorn A. W. Adriaan , Visser H. A. Henny 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Both anxiety and depressive disorders are associated with significant long-term disability. Since experienced impairments vary between patients independent of diagnosis and disease severity, identifying transdiagnostic factors that predict the course of disability may provide new targets to reduce disability. This study examines transdiagnostic factors predicting the 2-year disability outcome in patients with anxiety and/or depressive disorders (ADD), focusing on potentially malleable factors.

Methods
Six hundred fifteen participants with a current diagnosis of ADD from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) were included. Disability was assessed at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up, using the 32-item WHODAS II questionnaire. Transdiagnostic predictors of 2-year disability outcome were identified using linear regression analysis.

Results
In univariable analyses, transdiagnostic factors associated with the 2-year disability outcome were locus of control (standardized β = -0.116, p = 0.011), extraversion (standardized β = -0.123 p = 0.004) and experiential avoidance (standardized β = 0.139, p = 0.001). In multivariable analysis, extraversion had a unique predictive value (standardized β = -0.143 p = 0.003). A combination of sociodemographic, clinical and transdiagnostic variables resulted in an explained variance (R2) of 0.090). The explained variance of a combination of transdiagnostic factors was 0.050.

Conclusion
The studied transdiagnostic variables explain a small but unique part of variability in the 2-year disability outcome. Extraversion is the only malleable transdiagnostic factor predictive of the course of disability independent of other variables. Due to the small contribution to the variance in the disability outcome, the clinical relevance of targeting extraversion seems limited. However, its predictive value is comparable to that of accepted disease severity measures, supporting the importance of looking beyond using disease severity measures as predictors. Furthermore, studies including extraversion in combination with other transdiagnostic and environmental factors may elucidate the unexplained part of variability of the course of disability in patients with ADD.