bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The excessive use of sulphur and creation of stomme as an early modern cellar technique in Dutch wine trade
Authors: Beukers Mariëlla , Blijleven Rob 
Published: March 2023

<p>On the basis of study of early modern literature and other period sources we describe the production and use of <em>stomme</em>, used by Dutch wine merchants in the 17th, 18th and 19th century. We conclude that <em>stomme </em>was made by using excessive amounts of sulphur dioxide, thereby creating health hassards. The States General of the Dutch Republic acknowlegded that danger, and banned the use of <em>stomme </em> in 1613. However, the ban was never implemented and <em>stomme </em>remained in use for a long time. We argue that the ban was inspired by the risks posed to the health of the wine drinkers, but that economic reasons for a continuance of use prevailed. </p>
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FORMATION BY MEANS OF DANCE SPORT
Authors: Lavrentiev O.M. , Marchenko K.L. , Domin V.A. , Khomenko V.I. 
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the problems of special physical training of athletes-dancers. To master competitive programs, dancers need special physical training, which includes various parameters of locomotor skills and non-standard skills for performing complexly coordinated dance elements. Dance is not only a physical exercise, but also one of the forms of psychological relief. Unlike other physical exercises, dancing has no age restrictions. By examining the structure of dance movements, it can be stated that they have the dynamics of movement abilities, an emotional component, and the rhythmic content of music, which in general create a deep and interesting artistic image. High-speed dance movements performed with maximum amplitude require increased physical effort, strength, endurance, flexibility, and coordination of movements. Athletes- dancers of different age groups and skill levels need not only to improve, but also to maintain their physical form, which allows them to successfully perform at competitions. Therefore, when building the training process, it is worth paying attention to both the complex of general physical exercises and the complex of special exercises.
Nowadays, it is impossible to achieve success in dance sport without a high level of development of these qualities since a decrease in their level in athletes-dancers leads to a deterioration in sports results.
An Innovation in Planning Management for Learning Arabic at Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Arifin Zainul , Desrani Ayu , Wardana Ritonga Apri , Ibrahim Faishol Mahmoud Adam 
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study: first, to find out the type of language boarding program at the Salafiyyah Syafi'iyyah Islamic Boarding School in Situbondo. Second, to find out the planning of programs offered in the language boarding house Salafiyyah Syafi'iyyah Sukorejo Situbondo. This study uses qualitative research with descriptive methods. The data collection is done by observation and interview with the head of the language boarding house. Data analysis in this study consisted of 3 stages: data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results of this paper inform several things: 1) The type of activity: mufrodat, al-barqi, khitobah (khitobah, khitobah rolling, khitobah akbar), reading books, memorizing, insha ', club studies, competitions (reading books by examining memorization from Arbain and mufrodat and mc traditions, reading news, advertisements, khitobah, debates, and drama). 2) Arabic language program in language boarding house using a SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) with the type of short-term planning that is within a year in the form of operational plans to achieve long-term goals.
H-Compact Space
Authors: Asker Hussein Kadhum 
Published: March 2023

Using the concept of H-open set, we introduce the concept of H-compact space. Several properties of H-compact spaces are proved , among these are:H-closed subset of H-compact is Â Â Â Â H-compact.The continuoues image of H-compact Â Â Â Â is H-compact.H-compact subset of H-Hausdorff is Â Â Â Â H-closed.
On b-Syndetic Sets Ahmed L.M. Al-Hindawe
Authors: Al-Hindawe Ahmed L.M. 
Published: March 2023

ThisÂ paperÂ introduce the notion of Â b-syndetic sets and give new results byÂ using thework ofÂ W. Gottschalk (1955), H. Lee (1985),Â D. AndrijevicÂ´(1996) and S. Al-Kutaibi (1997).
An Experimental Design for Nursing Student
Authors: Alkutubi Hadeel Salim , Zaid Inaam Abed 
Published: March 2023

In this study we present five variables of lecturer's evaluation in department of community health nursing, college of Nursing, Kufa university in Iraq for 2011. The data is analyzedÂ using completely random design, LSD and factorial Experiment to explain the significant difference between all variables (scientific ,personality ,ability of evaluation and ability of communication ) for each type of evaluation. SPSS program (version 16) was used throughout this study to analyze the data and to generate various Tables .
THE DISCRETE CLASSICAL OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM of A SEMILINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATION (COCP)
Authors: J Chryssovergh I , Al-hawasy Amir Ali 
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the continuous classical optimal control for systems of a semilinear parabolic partial differential equations is described with a equality and inequality state constraints. First, the considered continuous classical optimal control problem is discretized into a discrete classical optimal control problem by using the Galerkin finite element method in space and the theta finite difference schemeÂ ( Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â -method)in time. The classical continuous controls are approximated by picewise constants. Second the existence of a unique solution of the discrete state equations for fixed discrete classical control is studied. Third, the existence theory for optimality of the discrete classical problem is proved, and the discrete adjoint equations are developed corresponding to the discrete state equations. Finally the necessary conditions and a picewise minimum principle are derived for optimality of the discrete classical problem so as the sufficient conditions.
Signs and Cause
Authors: Al Khotaba Eissa Hamid 
Published: March 2023

Language has a significant contribution to the exchange of knowledge. Scholars examine different uses of language to find out its effect and role in several domains of society such as media, criticisms, politics, and related fields. Discourse analysis is connected with the use of both spoken and written language. It supports in analyzing how users say things, their effect on the audience, and how it influences society, or the way society affects communication. This mixed-mode research aims to provide a systemic analysis on how oppressed masses use signs and symbols through different social media platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, and Instagram to encourage teachers to protest and achieve parents’ support to prevent their children from going to schools, in a Jordanian context. The sample of the study consisted of 189-selected posters/signs and symbols using a convenient sampling technique. The selected Arabic posters were translated into the English language. The researcher used the analytical instrument adopted from Van Dijk's (2005) framework of political discourse analysis. The corpus was analyzed contextually. The findings of the study showed that in the reaction to meeting demeaning and dismissive discourses, schoolteachers reacted as inheritors of cultural legacies, meaningful resources, context specialists, professionals, and moral authority figures. In addition, the results indicated a strong link between political discourse analysis and the use of sign language that reflects the social practices of protesters and oppressed masses. To conclude, this study is an add-value to both local and body of knowledge locally, regionally, and internationally concerning theory and practice in which previous experience shows every possible influence to preserve public sustenance, show criticism, and express demands as teachers’ signs and symbols in different provinces in Jordan worked effectively in a civilized manner.
The obstacles facing women in balancing between work and home and its relationship to marital compatibility
Authors: Sulaiman Jameela Younis , Al-Brwari Muhammad S. 
Published: March 2023

This research aims to identify the obstacles that women face in the balance between work and family and their relationship to marital compatibility in the center of Duhok city, through the answer to the research questions which are represented for knowing the most prominent obstacles and the level of marriage compatibility also the nature of the relationship between the obstacles and the marital compatibility, the researcher dependent to the descriptive analytic method to gain the answers for the research questions , the sample size of the research was (376) units in the age between (23 to 61) from married female employees in government departments in the center of Duhok City, the tool of the research have two scale , first scale about women's work built by a researcher which include (58) questions in three dimensions, which is (the obstacles facing women in social dimension, the obstacles facing women in psychological dimension, the obstacles facing women in economical dimension), also the researcher adopted a scale from the (Asma Ibrahim's PhD thesis in the title (occupational pressures and their relationship to marital compatibility among working women), the most important findings of the research it show that there is negative relationship between the obstacles that face women's work and their marital adjustment.
Self –Delusion in Doris Lessing's The Grass is Singing (1950)
Authors: Khedir Luqman Omer , Al-Banna Juan Abdullah Ibrahim 
Published: March 2023

This study presents Doris Lessing as one of the most accomplished and significant British writers of the post-World War II generation. Her work looks into The Grass is Singing (1950) from a psychological, socio-cultural and economic point of view. It attempts to analyze the bleak and the tragic causes and effects of self-delusion in the lives of female and male characters alike in a racist society grappling with a number of deep-rooted social and political misconceptions and misjudgments. Moreover, it showcases a recycled series of psychological problems the main female protagonist faces due to her delusional beliefs which end only with her tragic death. It also sheds light on the importance of knowing oneself in a baffling and fragmented world enmeshed with people caught tight in the grip of self-made delusional conceptions in an attempt to cope with the challenges set by modern life. This fact can be discerned through the analysis of Lessing's representative novel: The Grass is Singing (1950) from Autobiographical, psychoanalytical and existentialist perspectives to make readers familiar with the destructive power of delusion and self-delusion in life. Lessing tackles issues that are at the essential concern to whole humanity around the world; therefore, this study can be taken as an attempt and an entry point of highlighting some aspects of the creative and innovative intellectual accomplishments of any truly concerned and committed writer with mankind problems in the world regardless to gender, race and educational and cultural background. The study is in two sections. Section one is concerned with the analysis of The Grass is Singing (its abbreviated form is TGS), and Lessing's narrative creativity through reader's concentration on causes rather than results. The second section presents racial discrimination and self-delusion in the text, taking childhood trauma into consideration and the issues of Marriage and Self- Delusion followed by conclusions and Bibliography.
Violence against Male in Abu Ghraib in The New Yorker's political Reports
Authors: Sameer Mustafa Mohammed Rasheed , Sameer Emad Hayif 
Published: March 2023

The present study under the title " Violence against Male in Abu Ghraib in The New Yorker's political Reports" is interested in revealing issues of power, dominance and ideologies in the political reports which talk about violence against men in Abu Ghraib. Revealing these issues in the report will be according to the use of CDA approach depending on the two scholars who are interested in this approach, Tuen Van Dijk, Norman Fairclough. In this study, there is a use of language as a tool to express the dominance, power and ideology. With these linguistic elements, the previous issues are exploited indirectly by the American forces.
We aim in this study to identify all the linguistic elements which symbolize violence in the selected report. Then, we will explain its function in this report which is used pragmatically. After that, we explain the issues of power, dominance and ideologies and check whether they are used in these reports implicitly or explicitly.
We selected one report to be analysed in this paper. This report was taken from the American weekly magazine "The New Yorker". Selecting these Extracts was based on the using of many linguistic elements which refer to violence in Abu Ghraib.
We used the qualitative approach in analyzing the data, because we deal with behavioral study, and it is the preferable approach in analyzing studies like these. In this method, we depend on the narrative way in the analysis rather than using numbers or statistics. The model adopted in this study will be eclectic one depending on Fairclough's three-dimensional approach and Van Dijk's socio-cognitive approach. These models are interested in the texts with their social and cultural function.
The findings have included the use of linguistic elements of violence in these reports in many lines. The function of these linguistic elements was used indirectly in a hidden way. The study also revealed that issues of power, dominance and ideologies were exploited pragmatically in the American speeches. Our aims and Hypothesis have been achieved in the findings and conclusions. In the last lines of chapter five, we gave some recommendations and suggestions for further studies.
المتغيرات الاجتماعية المؤثرة على الهدر الديموغرافي لفئة صغار السن بعمر أقل من 15 سنة في قضاءي الديوانية وعفك
Authors: الخزرجي رعد مفيد احمد , البديري فؤاد كاظم نجم حسن 
Published: March 2023

تعد فئة صغار السن العمود الفقري لأي مجتمع، ولأهميتها حظيت بأهتمام كبير من قبل المؤسسات الدولية والحكومية والمجتمعية، لتنميتها وتطورها وحمايتها من الاعتداء والانحراف والاستغلال والتخلف والضياع، الا ان كل تلك الإجراءات لم تمنع وجود هدر ديموغرافي لهذه الفئة.
يهدف البحث الى التعرف على حجم الهدر لفئة صغار السن في قضاءي الديوانية وعفك، والكشف عن المتغيرات الأجتماعية المؤثرة في توزيعه وتباينه المكاني، من أجل وضع رؤية مستقبلية لفئة صغار السن وتوقعات حجم الهدر ومؤشراته، ولتحقيق ذلك تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي والأسلوب الكمي، وتم تبويب البيانات في جداول إحصائية حولت الى معدلات وأهمية نسبية لمقارنتها على مستوى الوحدات الإدارية واستخدام الخرائط والأشكال البيانية للغرض نفسه، مع استخدام الدرجة المعيارية لتوضيح المتغيرات الاقتصادية المؤثرة في ظاهرة الهدر الديموغرافي ومقارنتها بصرياً مع حجم الهدر الكلي للوصول الى العلاقات المكانية المرتبطة بقوة حجم الهدر، واعتمد البحث في بياناته على بيانات وزارة التخطيط، الجهاز المركزي للإحصاء وتكنلوجيا المعلومات، وبيانات وزارة التربية(مديرية تربية القادسية)، وبيانات وزارة العدل والشؤون الاجتماعية ووزارة الصحة والبيئة (دائرة صحة الديوانية)، وبيانات وزارة الداخلية (شرطة القادسية، قسم الأحداث)، ووزارة العدل والمجلس الأعلى ومحاكم (الديوانية، السنية، الدغارة، عفك، البدير، سومر) لسنة 2020 والدراسة الميدانية لسنة 2021.
وبلغ معدل الهدر لسنة 2020(78.16) طفل لكل ألف نسمة، ويلاحظ وجود تباين مكاني على مستوى الوحدات الإدارية في معدلات الهدر، أذ جاءت ناحة الشافعية بأعلى معدل بلغ (93.55)، وجاءت ناحية البدير بأقل معدل بلغ (48.45).
Sintesis dan Karakteristik CaCO3 dari Cangkang Kerang Kepah (Polymesoda erosa) sebagai Doping Anoda Baterai Lithium-Ion
Authors: Trisakti Yunior , Miratsi Lizia , Kurniawan Widodo Budi 
Published: March 2023

Sintesis dan Karakteristik CaCO3 dari Cangkang Kerang Kepah (Polymesoda erosa) sebagai Doping Anoda Baterai Lithium-Ion
LTO (Lithium Titanate Oxide) atau Li4Ti5O12 menjadi salah satu kandidat material anoda pengganti grafit dalam produksi baterai Lithium-ion. Namun, material LTO memiliki kelemahan yaitu konduktivitas listrik yang rendah sehingga membatasi tingkat kerja baterai. Cangkang kerang kepah merupakan salah satu limbah yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan padahal jumlahnya masih sangat melimpah, dan diharapkan berpotensi dalam sumber CaCO3 karena terkandung kalsium dalam jumlah yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan CaCO3 pada cangkang kerang kepah (Polymesoda erosa) dan mengetahui nilai konduktivitas anoda LTO yang didoping dengan CaCO3 cangkang kerang kepah. Metode sintesis yang digunakan yaitu metode solid state reaction dengan variasi konsentrasi doping sebesar 0,00 mol, 0,10 mol, 0,15 mol, dan 0,20 mol. Hasil analisis XRF pada serbuk cangkang kerrang kepah menunjukkan bahwa kandungan unsur yang paling dominan yaitu Ca yang sebesar 97,63%. Sehingga menunjukkan bahwa kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) dari cangkang kerang kepah berhasil dipreparasi. Selanjutnya, didapatkan bahan aktif anoda yang jika didapatkan hasil XRD dan dianalisis akan menunjukkan tidak adanya fasa CaCO3, dan tidak ada pengaruh doping, maka serbuk bahan aktif disintesis lembaran anoda Li4Ti5O12 terdoping CaCO3 cangkang kerang kepah. Adapun untuk mengetahui nilai konduktivitas dari lembaran anoda Li4Ti5O12 terdoping CaCO3 cangkang kerang kepah selanjutnya dikarakterisasi menggunakan Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS).
DURASI TIDUR DAN KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN OBESITAS PADA REMAJA AHIR
Authors: Arisandi Syafik , Hermawan Dessy , Muhani Nova 
Published: March 2023

Durasi tidur pendek dan Kadar kolesterol total dalam darah yang tinggi menjadi pemicu munculnya penyakit tidak menular (PTM) serta menjadi faktor risiko kejadian obesitas. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2018 menunjukan tingkat obesitas orang dewasa di Indonesia berjumlah 21,8 persen, hal ini menunjukan adanya peningkatan prevalensi dari hasil riskesdas di tahun 2013 yaitu sebesar 14,8. Proporsi kasus obesitas mahasiswa kedokteran universitas malahayati sebesar 17%. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahu hubungan durasi tidur dan kadar kolesterol total dengan kejadian obesitas mahasiswa di Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung. Jenis enelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan Case Controll untuk melihat hubungan durasi tidur dan kadar kolesterol pada kejadian obesitas. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran angkatan 2017 yang berjumlah 327, sampel diambil dengan metode purposive sampling yang terdiri dari 2 kelompok yaitu 30 mahasiswa obesitas dengan IMT > 25 dan 30 mahasiswa yang tidak obesitas dengan IMT normal < 25. Data diperoleh melalui pengisian kueioner dan pengambilan sampel darah kolesterol total. Teknik analisis data untuk menguji hipotesis yaitu uji statistis chi square. Dari hasil penelitian responden dengan durasi tidur kurang pada kelompok kasus yaitu 24 (80%) dan kelompok kontrol 15 (50%). Sedangkan responden pada kelompok kasus yang memiliki kadar kolesterol total tinggi yaitu 16 (53,3%) dan dan pada kelompok kontrol 7 (23,3%). Hasil uji chi-squarehubungan durasi tidur pada kejadian obesitas yaitu (p=0,029 <α0,05, OR 4,00) dan hubungan kolesterol total pada kejadian obesitas yaitu (p=0,033 <α0,05, OR 3,75). Durasi tidur dan kadar kolesterol total memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian obesitas. Mahasiwa dengan obesitas cendrung memiliki durasi tidur yang lebih pendek dan memiliki kadar kolesterol total lebih tinggi daripada mahasiwa yang tidak obesitas.
crítica ontológica na análise da produção do conhecimento científico
Authors: Silva Ivson Conceição , Taffarel Celi Neuza Zulke , Farias Leidiane Alves de 
Published: March 2023

O artigo apresenta as contribuições da crítica ontológica, à luz do materialismo histórico dialético, como uma necessidade vital na análise da produção científica. Problematiza: quais as contribuições dos pressupostos teóricos-metodológicos da crítica ontológica, à luz da concepção materialista dialética da história, enquanto método de análise da produção científica em Educação e Educação Física? Utilizou-se da revisão bibliográfica enquanto procedimento metodológico. Se fundamenta, principalmente, no pensamento de Lukács, Marx e Engels. Aponta o trabalho como primazia ontológica da socialidade humana, defende que crítica ontológica a partir das leis e categorias da dialética materialista supera, por incorporação, as análises abstratas lógico-formais, visando apreender e transformar o real a partir dos interesses da classe trabalhadora.
Aspectos fisiopatológicos da sepse e conduta na emergência: Uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Diamantino Marianne Lopes , Rios Marcella Maciel , Santos Larissa Stefani , Lima Karita dos Reis , Carvalho Gabriel Moraes de , Souza Neto Jonas Alves de , Faria Yana Martins , Roma Anna Lídia Masson , Amaral Andreza Gonçalves , Cabreado Laura Martins 
Published: March 2023

A sepse é classificada sendo uma emergência médica que descreve a resposta imunológica sistêmica do corpo a um processo inflamatório local, podendo levar à disfunção orgânica e à morte. Mesmo havendo uma grande demanda de atualização da conduta médica, a síndrome continua com alta prevalência no Brasil e no mundo. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão narrativa com o propósito de discutir e descrever sobre a sepse e sua fisiopatologia, como também, demonstrar como esta síndrome afeta a vida pessoal dos indivíduos acometidos. Foi utilizado o banco de dados: SciElo (Scientific Eletronic Library Online) e PubMed (US National Library of Medicine), com dados científicos de 10 de janeiro de 2023, sem restrição de idioma e sem restrição ao ano de publicação. Vários estudos mostram que a sepse é uma alteração do equilíbrio imunológico entre inflamação e anti-inflamatório. Ademais, a regulação das vias pró e anti-inflamatórias diante da sepse leva a uma liberação não local, mas sistêmica de citocinas, mediadores e moléculas relacionadas a patógenos, colaborando na ativação da coagulação e cascatas do complemento. Em suma, a sepse continua sendo um fardo significativo para os sistemas de saúde em todo o mundo. Porém, os avanços feitos na compreensão de sua fisiopatologia nos últimos 20 anos superam tudo o que foi feito antes.
Efficient synthesis of furfurylamine from biomass via a hybrid strategy in an EaCl:Gly–water medium
Authors: He Wei , He Yu-Cai , Ye Jianren 
Published: March 2023

The objective of this work was to develop an efficient approach for chemoenzymatically transforming biomass to furfurylamine by bridging chemocatalysis and biocatalysis in a deep eutectic solvent of EaCl:Gly–water. Using hydroxyapatite (HAP) as support, heterogeneous catalyst SO42−/SnO2–HAP was synthesized for transforming lignocellulosic biomass into furfural using organic acid as a co-catalyst. The turnover frequency (TOF) was correlated with the pKa value of the used organic acid. Corncob was transformed by oxalic acid (pKa = 1.25) (0.4 wt%) plus SO42−/SnO2–HAP (2.0 wt%) to produce furfural with a yield of 48.2% and a TOF of 6.33 h-1 in water. In deep eutectic solvent EaCl:Gly–water (1:2, v/v), co-catalysis with SO42−/SnO2–HAP and oxalic acid was utilized to transform corncob, rice straw, reed leaf, and sugarcane bagasse for the production of furfural with the yield of 42.4%–59.3% (based on the xylan content) at 180°C after 10 min. The formed furfural could be efficiently aminated to furfurylamine with E. coli CCZU-XLS160 cells in the presence of NH4Cl (as an amine donor). As a result of the biological amination of furfural derived from corncob, rice straw, reed leaf, and sugarcane bagasse for 24 h, the yields of furfurylamine reached &gt;99%, with a productivity of 0.31–0.43 g furfurylamine per g xylan. In EaCl:Gly–water, an efficient chemoenzymatic catalysis strategy was employed to valorize lignocellulosic biomass into valuable furan chemicals.