bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agronomic, phytochemical and drought tolerance evaluation of Iranian cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) ecotypes under different soil moisture levels: a step towards identifying pharmaceutical and industrial populations
Authors: Asadi Sadegh , Moghaddam Hosein , Naghdi Badi Hassanali , Naghavi Mohammad Reza , Salami Seyed Alireza 
Published: April 2023

Context Cannabis is a herbaceous annual plant that belongs to the Cannabaceae family, which is used in the production of fibre, paper, oil and pharmaceutical products. Aims The aim of this study was to identify drought-tolerant ecotypes and medicinal and industrial populations. Methods Due to the medicinal and industrial importance of cannabis, 12 cannabis ecotypes were collected from different regions of Iran. Then, their agronomic and phytochemical characteristics were evaluated under different soil moisture conditions. Key results The soil moisture levels had significant effects (P < 0.01) on the studied traits except for the 1000 seed weight. Based on duration of the growth period, the Tabas and Dasht-e-Moghan ecotypes were identified as early and late maturing ecotypes, respectively. Also, the highest stem dry weight and stem height/diameter ratio and the lowest seed yield were related to the Dasht-e-Moghan ecotype, which is valuable for fibre production. Based on seed yield (relative reduction) and some tolerance indexes, the Tabas and Tabrize ecotypes were shown to be the most tolerant and sensitive ecotypes, respectively. As soil moisture decreased, tetrahydrocannabinol levels increased and cannabidiol levels decreased. The highest amount of tetrahydrocannabinol was related to the Qom ecotype at 50% soil moisture and the highest amount of cannabidiol was related to the Rasht ecotype at 100% soil moisture. Conclusions Generally, these ecotypes had different responses to soil moisture. Some ecotypes were valuable in terms of the production of pharmaceutical metabolites and some in terms of fibre production. Implications Tolerant and sensitive ecotypes might be considered in production and also breeding programs.
Historical imprints on Chinese ideological given names
Authors: Su Heng , Sabet Peyman G. P. , Zhang Grace Q. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This diachronic study investigates Chinese ideological given names (personal names which represent the name-givers’ shared ideas and beliefs) by focusing on historical changes over five time periods between 1935 and 2012. Based on an analysis of 21,687 given names, 2,687 (12.4%) of which are ideological names, the study finds that naming practices bear historical imprints in terms of content and syllabic form. The more intensely a society is politicized, the higher the rate of occurrence of ideological given names. The data also illustrate the dynamic that exists in naming practices between conformity and individuality. In this article, we argue that names are like social cards: people play them to serve their ideological needs, as shown by the evolution of naming strategies through different historical periods. The implication is that historical changes can influence the way in which a name can communicate ideological views.
Quambalaria eucalypti (Wingfield, Crous & Swart) Simpson
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: April 2023

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for Quambalaria eucalypti (Wingfield, Crous & Swart) Simpson. Ustilaginomycotina: Microstromatales: Quambalariaceae. Hosts: Spotted gum (
Corymbia spp.
);
Eucalyptus spp.
; Myrceugenia glaucescens.
Quantum cosmology of pure connection general relativity
Authors: Gielen Steffen , Nash Elliot 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study homogeneous cosmological models in formulations of general relativity with cosmological constant based on a (complexified) connection rather than a spacetime metric, in particular in a first order theory obtained by integrating out the self-dual two-forms in the chiral Plebański formulation. Classical dynamics for the Bianchi IX model are studied in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism, where we emphasise the reality conditions needed to obtain real Lorentzian solutions. The solutions to these reality conditions fall into different branches, which in turn lead to different real Hamiltonian theories, only one of which is the usual Lorentzian Bianchi IX model. We also show the simpler case of the flat Bianchi I model, for which both the reality conditions and dynamical equations simplify considerably. We discuss the relation of a real Euclidean version of the same theory to this complex theory. Finally, we study the quantum theory of homogeneous and isotropic models, for which the pure connection action for general relativity reduces to a pure boundary term and the path integral is evaluated immediately, reproducing known results in quantum cosmology. An intriguing aspect of these theories is that the signature of the effective spacetime metric, and hence the interpretation of the cosmological constant, are intrinsically ambiguous.
A micro packed preconcentrator using ionic liquid coated graphitized carbons for detection of low concentration isoprene
Authors: Wu Xinyu , Wang Dazuo , Zhang Kangning , Hua Xinyuan , Wang Hairong , Sun Jianhai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Analysis of volatile organic compounds in the human exhaled mixture is a promising disease screening approach, and isoprene is a typical biomarker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in breath diagnosis. However, accurate detection of trace isoprene (ppb) is difficult due to the interfering effect of various gas sensors. In this study, we developed an integrated silicon-based micro preconcentrator (micro-PC) as a pretreatment component of the portable gas chromatography (GC) system. The device was the structure of parallel micro channels with flat dimensions of 20 mm × 10 mm on the silicon substrate, and the total internal empty volume is about 18 μl. The micro electro mechanical system processes were used to fabricate the micro channels and the heating and temperature measuring resistances. The preconcentrator was filled with graphitized carbons with ionic liquids coating as an adsorbent. In the experiments, a GC equipped with a flame ionization detector was used to characterize the preconcentration performance. The micro-PC has a preconcentration factor (PF) value up to 49.8 for 100 ppb isoprene in 5 min adsorption time. Under the same conditions, the PF value of micro-PC using the modified adsorbent was 3.3 times higher than that using the commercial functional material. Besides, the fabricated preconcentrator had excellent desorption efficiency and good humidity resistance. These results indicated that the micro-PC we developed had a potential application in the micro GC system for non-invasive screening of chronic liver related diseases by detecting the trace isoprene.
Modeling and simulation of erbium-ytterbium co-doped optical waveguide amplifiers with dual-wavelength pumping at 980 nm and 1480 nm
Authors: Tao Siliang , Yan Jinming , Song Hangyu , Wei Jiashuo , Fu Yuewu , Zhao Dan , Wang Fei , Zhang Daming 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of silicon photonic chips and integrated photonic circuits, erbium-doped optical waveguide amplifiers have received more and more attention in order to compensate for the transmission and coupling losses caused by the integration of optical devices on a chip. Pumping wavelength and pumping efficiency directly affect the gain and noise figure of the amplifier. In this paper, we propose an innovative dual-wavelength pumping method based on an erbium-ytterbium co-doped optical waveguide amplifier with simultaneous pumping at 980 nm and 1480 nm. A relaxation method based on the fourth-order Range-Kutta method is used to solve the rate and propagation equations and simulate the gain characteristics of the dual-wavelength pumping method for different ytterbium-erbium ion concentration ratios, erbium ion concentrations and ratio K between the 980 nm and total pump power. From the simulation results, it can be seen that the gain of the dual-wavelength pumping method is higher than that of the single-wavelength pumping methods when the erbium ion concentration exceeds 3 × 1026 m−3. At higher erbium ion concentrations, the dual-wavelength pumping method can provide higher gain for optical waveguide amplifiers, and may be able to become a new choice of pumping method for optical waveguide amplifiers.
The effects of electric field and strain on the BP/GeTe van der Waals heterojunction
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Chen Jiale , Shi Lijie , Ma Jie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Recently, van der Waals heterojunctions (vdWHs) constructed from two two-dimensional materials have attracted considerable attention. In particular, vdWHs based on black phosphorus (BP) have shown excellent photoelectric properties. In this work, we construct a BP/GeTe vdWH and investigate its electronic and optical properties. We find that the BP/GeTe vdWH has a type-II band alignment. Its optical absorption exhibits a red shift compared to the freestanding BP and GeTe monolayers. The electric field and strain effects on the BP/GeTe vdWH are also investigated. The band offsets can be modulated by the electric field and the strain. The BP/GeTe vdWH will convert from type-II to type-I when applying an electric field and to type-III under strain, which will expand the application of BP/GeTe vdWHs in transistor devices. Furthermore, the strain can significantly enhance the optical absorption and induce the red shift of the absorption edge, which indicates the broad applications of the BP/GeTe vdWH in photodetector devices.
Magnetic transitions of hydrogenated H
x
CrO2 (x = 0–2) monolayer from a ferromagnetic half-metal to antiferromagnetic insulator
Authors: Ouyang Wenbin , Shi Bowen , Su Tianhao , Cheng Xuli , Gao Heng , Jia Fanhao , Whangbo Myung-Hwan , Ren Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal oxide monolayers are currently attracting great interest in materials research due to their versatility and tunable electronic and magnetic properties. In this study, we report the prediction of magnetic phase changes in H
x
CrO2 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 2) monolayer on the basis of first-principles calculations. As the H adsorption concentration x increases from 0 to 0.75, H
x
CrO2 monolayer transforms from a ferromagnetic (FM) half-metal to a small-gap FM insulator. When x = 1.00 and 1.25, it behaves as a bipolar antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator, and eventually becomes an AFM insulator as x increases further up to 2.00. The results suggest that the magnetic properties of CrO2 monolayer can be effectively controlled by hydrogenation, and that H
x
CrO2 monolayers have the potential for realizing tunable 2D magnetic materials. Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of the hydrogenated 2D transition metal CrO2 and provide a research method that can be used as a reference for the hydrogenation of other similar 2D materials.
Research on mechanical fault diagnosis based on MADS evidence fusion theory
Authors: Zou Fengqian , Jiang Ming , Li Xiaoming , Sang Shengtian , Chen Weiren , Kang Zhijie , Zhang Haifeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In machine intelligence fault diagnostic and health status decision-making systems, rich, complex, and fuzzy feature information cannot facilitate fault decision-making merely on a single data source. This requires utilizing the heterogeneity of information gathered from multiple sources to diminish the system’s uncertainty and improve the accuracy of decision-making. In this work, a novel neural network-based multi-source fusion classification model is proposed to diagnose the pump mechanical faults. The multi-head attention Dempster–Shafer (D–S) evidence fusion (MADS) system extends the model’s ability to focus on rich features. Furthermore, the uncertain values throwing mechanism can effectively eliminate samples from uncertain categories and increase the model’s ability to distinguish diagnostic results with low confidence. Compared with a single sensor, our multi-sensor joint decision based on seven sensors considerably improved the fault diagnostic accuracy of MADS system, which has increased by at least 12.34%. Experimental validation demonstrates that utilizing the improved combination rules provided for multi-source evidence fusion fault diagnosis can significantly improve the efficacy of conventional D–S fusion and reduce the probability of misjudgment; combining the multi-head attention mechanism can dramatically increase the precision of model fault diagnosis. The proposed method has the potential to substantially accelerate research in the field of multi-source sensor joint fault diagnosis.
Design of a simple side-incident TE11 mode microwave probe for nondestructive pipe inspection
Authors: Guo Yijun , Yoshikawa Ryo , Yusa Noritaka , Hashizume Hidetoshi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study proposed a simple side-incident TE11 mode microwave probe for the rapid and long-range inspection of cracks in metallic pipes. The probe feeds the microwaves to a metallic pipe, which works as a waveguide; the reflection signal provoked by a defect is measured for detection and localization. The probe enables the detection of both circumferentially and axially oriented cracks, unlike those reported in earlier studies. To achieve better performance, numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate the conversion efficiency and optimize the insertion length of the coaxial cable and the exposed length of the cable core wire. The simulation results suggest that the optimized probe configuration is feasible for pipes with various diameters by proportionally changing the current probe configuration. Although injected microwaves propagated in two directions, the ratio of microwaves to one direction could be controlled by adjusting the inclination angle and the exposed length of the cable core wire. Subsequently, three TE11 probes fabricated according to the simulation results were used to detect circumferential and axial slits in a brass pipe. The results showed that circumferential slits in the vertical positions (parallel to the nontilted coaxial cable) and axial slits in the horizontal positions (perpendicular to the nontilted coaxial cable) caused large reflections, consistent with the electromagnetic field distribution of the TE11 mode microwaves in a circular waveguide. Further experiments verified the feasibility of the designed probe for pipes with different diameters and for directional pipe inspection.
The porous hollow cobalt-based oxides encapsulated with bimetallic PdAu Nanoparticles of electrochemical biosensor for highly sensitive pesticides detection
Authors: Zhao Yaxu , Liang Lijun , Guo Wei , Lu Xiong , Zhao Congyi , Gao Faming 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Efficient and portable electrochemical biosensors are received to evaluation of pesticides in the environment, which can make great significance for food safety. In this study, the Co-based oxides with a kind of hierarchical porous hollow and nanocages were constructed, in which the materials (Co3O4-NC) were encapsulated with PdAu nanoparticles (NPs). Due to the unique porous structure, the changeable valence state of cobalt and the synergistic effect of bimetallic PdAuNPs, PdAu@Co3O4-NC possessed excellent electron pathways, and showed more exposed active sites. Accordingly, the porous Co-based oxides have been applied to construct an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) electrochemical biosensor, which showed good performance for organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) detection. The optimum biosensing platform based on nanocomposites was applied to exhibit highly sensitive determination of omethoate and chlorpyrifos, with the relative low detection limit of 6.125 × 10−15 M and 5.10 × 10−13 M, respectively. And a wide detection range of 6.125 × 10−15 ∼ 6.125 × 10−6 M and 5.10 × 10−13 ∼ 5.10 × 10−6 M for these two pesticides were achieved. Therefore, the PdAu@Co3O4-NC may represent a powerful tool for ultrasensitive sensing of OPs, and have great potential application.
Feasibility of CycleGAN enhanced low dose CBCT imaging for prostate radiotherapy dose calculation
Authors: Chan Y , Li M , Parodi K , Belka C , Landry G , Kurz C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Daily cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging during the course of fractionated radiotherapy treatment can enable online adaptive radiotherapy but also expose patients to a non-negligible amount of radiation dose. This work investigates the feasibility of low dose CBCT imaging capable of enabling accurate prostate radiotherapy dose calculation with only 25% projections by overcoming under-sampling artifacts and correcting CT numbers by employing cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks (cycleGAN). Uncorrected CBCTs of 41 prostate cancer patients, acquired with ∼350 projections (CBCTorg), were retrospectively under-sampled to 25% dose images (CBCTLD) with only ∼90 projections and reconstructed using Feldkamp–Davis–Kress. We adapted a cycleGAN including shape loss to translate CBCTLD into planning CT (pCT) equivalent images (CBCTLD_GAN). An alternative cycleGAN with a generator residual connection was implemented to improve anatomical fidelity (CBCTLD_ResGAN). Unpaired 4-fold cross-validation (33 patients) was performed to allow using the median of 4 models as output. Deformable image registration was used to generate virtual CTs (vCT) for Hounsfield units (HU) accuracy evaluation on 8 additional test patients. Volumetric modulated arc therapy plans were optimized on vCT, and recalculated on CBCTLD_GAN and CBCTLD_ResGAN to determine dose calculation accuracy. CBCTLD_GAN, CBCTLD_ResGAN and CBCTorg were registered to pCT and residual shifts were analyzed. Bladder and rectum were manually contoured on CBCTLD_GAN, CBCTLD_ResGAN and CBCTorg and compared in terms of Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), average and 95th percentile Hausdorff distance (HDavg, HD95). The mean absolute error decreased from 126 HU for CBCTLD to 55 HU for CBCTLD_GAN and 44 HU for CBCTLD_ResGAN. For PTV, the median differences of D
98%, D
50% and D
2% comparing both CBCTLD_GAN to vCT were 0.3%, 0.3%, 0.3%, and comparing CBCTLD_ResGAN to vCT were 0.4%, 0.3% and 0.4%. Dose accuracy was high with both 2% dose difference pass rates of 99% (10% dose threshold). Compared to the CBCTorg-to-pCT registration, the majority of mean absolute differences of rigid transformation parameters were less than 0.20 mm/0.20°. For bladder and rectum, the DSC were 0.88 and 0.77 for CBCTLD_GAN and 0.92 and 0.87 for CBCTLD_ResGAN compared to CBCTorg, and HDavg were 1.34 mm and 1.93 mm for CBCTLD_GAN, and 0.90 mm and 1.05 mm for CBCTLD_ResGAN. The computational time was ∼2 s per patient. This study investigated the feasibility of adapting two cycleGAN models to simultaneously remove under-sampling artifacts and correct image intensities of 25% dose CBCT images. High accuracy on dose calculation, HU and patient alignment were achieved. CBCTLD_ResGAN achieved better anatomical fidelity.
Ab initio calculation of thermoelectric properties in 3d ferromagnets based on spin-dependent electron–phonon coupling
Authors: Ma Xue , Di Gennaro Marco , Giantomassi Matteo , Verstraete Matthieu J , Xu Bin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Crossed magneto-thermo-electric coefficients are central to novel sensors and spin(calori)tronic devices. Within the framework of Boltzmann’s transport theory, we calculate the resistivity and Seebeck coefficients of the most common 3d ferromagnetic metals: Fe, Co, and Ni. We use a fully first-principles variational approach, explicitly taking electron-phonon scattering into account. The electronic band structures, phonon dispersion curves, phonon linewidths, and transport spectral functions are reported, comparing with experimental data. Successive levels of approximation are discussed: constant relaxation time approximation, scattering for a non-magnetic configuration, then spin polarized calculations with and without spin–orbit coupling (enabling spin-flips). Spin polarization and explicit electron–phonon coupling are found to be necessary to reach a correct qualitative picture: the effect of spin flipping is substantial for resistivity and very delicate for the Seebeck coefficient. The spin-dependent Seebeck effect is also predicted.
Nonlinear non-Hermitian Landau–Zener–Stückelberg–Majorana interferometry
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu H D , Fu L B 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this work, we have studied the non-Hermitian nonlinear Landau–Zener–Stückelberg–Majorana (LZSM) interferometry in a non-Hermitian N-body interacting boson system in which the non-Hermiticity is from the nonreciprocal tunnelings between the bosons. By using the mean-field approximation and projective Hilbert space, the effect of nonreciprocity and nonlinearity on the energy spectrum, the dynamics, and the formation of the interference fringes have been studied. The different symmetries and the impact of the two different types of reciprocity, i.e. the in-phase tunneling and anti-phase tunneling, on the energy spectrum and the phase transition between the Josephson oscillations and the self-trapping have been investigated. For the LZSM interferometry, the strength of the nonreciprocity is found to take an essential role in the population of the projective state and the strengths of the interference patterns in the projective space. While the conditions of destructive and constructive interference under the weak-coupling approximation still only depend on the strength of nonlinearity. Our result provides an application of the nonlinear non-Hermitian LZSM interferometry in studying the parameters of a two-level system which related to the nonlinearity and the non-Hermiticity.
On the

RPN−1

and

CPN−1

universality classes
Authors: Diouane Youness , Lamsen Noel , Delfino Gesualdo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We recently determined the exact fixed point equations and the spaces of solutions of the two-dimensional

R

P

N
−
1

and

C

P

N
−
1

models using scale invariant scattering theory. Here, we discuss subtleties hidden in some solutions and related to the difference between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interaction.