bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomically-ordered plating/stripping enables deep cycling zinc metal batteries
Authors: Chen Shuang , Xia Yufan , Zeng Ran , Luo Zhen , Wu Xingxing , Hu Xuzhi , Lu Jian , Gazit Ehud , Pan Hongge , Hong Zijian , Yan Mi , Tao Kai , Jiang Yinzhu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Metal anodes are emerging as culminating solutions for the development of energy-dense batteries in either aprotic, aqueous or solid battery configurations due to their fully active nature and lowest redox potential. However, unlike traditional intercalation electrodes, the low utilization of “hostless” metal anodes due to the intrinsically disordered plating/stripping has been impeding their practical applications. Herein, we report atomically-ordered plating/stripping in a bulk zinc (Zn) foil anode to achieve an extremely high depth of discharge (DODZn) exceeding 90% with negligible thickness fluctuation and long-term stable cycling. The topmost atomic layer of the Zn anode can be plated/stripped preferentially throughout the consecutive charge/discharge process, along with the dynamic formation and dissociation of interfacial bridge bonds assisted by a self-assembled supramolecular bilayer at the Zn anode-electrolyte interface. Through real-time tracking of the Zn atoms migration using ab initio molecular dynamics, we reveal that the atomically-ordered plating/stripping is driven by stepwise kinetic pathways originating from the construction of Zn–N bindings and the atomic gradient energy landscape at the reaction fronts. The breakthrough results provide atomic insights into the ordered and reversible plating/stripping of metal anodes toward rechargeable energy-dense metal batteries.
Analyzing the Impact of Software Testing on Software Maintainability
Authors: Thahseen Ahamed , Aaron Navathanaraj , Nanayakkara Thakshila , Farves Arsath , Silva Dilshan , Gunathilake Poojani 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Software project success depends on maintainability. Complexity increases as software evolves, making maintenance harder. Software testing is critical for detecting bugs before deployment. Testing reduces faults and improves program quality, enhancing maintainability. This study examines software testing and maintainability. We want to know if testing improves software maintainability and how. We reviewed software testing and maintainability research to do this. Testing and maintainability were examined empirically on numerous software projects. Existing research implies that testing improves software maintainability. Testing early in development helps reduce production faults and errors, according to studies. Testing for functional and non-functional criteria improves software quality. We studied various software projects to see how testing affects maintainability. We compared the maintainability of software projects with comprehensive and limited testing. Code complexity, code churn, and fault density measured maintainability. Extensive testing improved program maintainability, according to our findings. Extensive testing reduced code complexity, churn, and defects. Comprehensive testing appears to enhance software maintainability, quality, and cost over time. Testing and maintainability issues were also found. Testing costs, takes time, and is hard to measure. Software development teams should prioritize testing to solve these issues. Adopting testing frameworks and tools, educating, and developing testers, and frequently analyzing testing procedures helps achieve this.
Ammonium salts of microcrystalline cellulose-g-poly(acrylonitrile): toxicity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
Authors: Kenawy El-Refaie , Khattab Samar , Tenhu Heikki , Azaam Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Cellulose is an excellent starting material for the construction of bioactive polymers. In the present work, we have synthesized quaternized graft copolymers of cellulose and tested their biological properties. Cellulose was grafted with acrylonitrile in a cerium ion catalyzed reaction. High yield of the grafting reaction, 89%, was achieved. Next, the poly (acrylonitrile) chains were aminated using three different amines and finally, the amino functions were quaternized using methyl iodide.
In addition to chemical and physical characterization of the polymers, several tests on their bioactive properties have been conducted. The polymers turned out to have good antioxidant properties, as assessed studying how they scavenge ABTS radicals. Anti-inflammatory properties were investigated by a membrane stabilization method. The results showed that the quaternized polymers had anti-inflammatory effects and the one aminated with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine was the most significant compared with indomethacin.
The cytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro against HepG2 and WI-38 cell lines. All quaternized polymers showed moderate effects against the cancerous cell line HEPG2. On the other hand, their effect against normal fibroblast WI-38 was weak. The acute toxicity in vivo was evaluated for one of the polymers, for which the LD50 was 6606 mg/kg. The high LD50 indicates the polymer is relatively non-toxic, and will be considered in future for in vivo studies.
A rare case of Enterobius Vermicularis infection in the Oral Cavity
Authors: Gyeltshen Tshewang , Choden Kuenga 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A rare case of extraintestinal infection with pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis) in the oral cavity is presented. A 19-year-old girl presented with complaints of oral sore describing as zig-zag rough lesion over the buccal mucosa for 2 months. Parasitic infestation in the oral cavity was suspected. The case presentation and management of the case are discussed here. To date, no such case has been reported.
Reversible Acute Blindness in Suspected Metformin- Associated Lactic Acidosis
Authors: Huang Rui , Sun Wentao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Metformin is commonly used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has multiple advantages, including low risk for hypoglycemia, weight neutrality, low cost, and cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. However, renal insufficiency is one of the contraindications for its use. Inadvertent prescription in patients with renal insufficiency may lead to metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA), which is associated with a high risk of mortality. Consequently, the early recognition and management of MALA is essential.
Case Report: We present the case of a 58-year-old woman with history of type 2 diabetes mellitus with nephropathy and heart disease for which she was treated with metformin, insulin and other medicines for heart disease. She developed nausea, vomiting, anion gap metabolic acidosis due to hyperlactatemia, and acute kidney injury. She was hospitalized for i.v. hydration and correction of metabolic acidosis after she suddenly developed blindness. The diagnostic work-up ruled out central causes and her symptoms resolved briefly after continuous vein-vein hemodialysis (CVVHD) was initiated, confirming the diagnosis of MALA.
Conclusions: Metabolic disease can bring about acute blindness. Metabolic acidosis in a patient with a history of metformin intake should suggest the possibility of MALA, necessitating immediate management, without waiting for results of other examinations, especially in patients with sudden blindness. And further study about reversible blindness-associated severe metabolic acidosis will be needed.
Natural Wetlands: Are they Managed Sustainably in Developing Economies? A Case Study on the Iture- Abakam Natural Wetland in Cape Coast, Ghana
Authors: Duncan Albert Ebo , Pennellini Sara , BARNIE SAMUEL , Osei-Marfo Martha , Boateng Samuel Nketia , Bonoli Alessandra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Quantifying the role and benefits of wetlands to environmental security, ecosystem sustenance, and economic development is a very difficult task. Wetlands serve as filters of secondary wastewater by removing most nutrients that cause eutrophication. The plants and microbes in the natural wetland have the potential of breaking down toxic compounds into less toxic forms before they are discharged into streams, rivers, and lakes. Natural wetlands could serve as treatment plants in most developing countries if they are managed sustainably. Unfortunately, most developing countries that lack waste treatment plants have not taken the advantage of available natural wetlands and managed them sustainably. This study investigates sustainable wetland management on the Iture-Abakam Natural Wetland in Cape Coast by considering the management plan available and the threat posed by urbanization. The findings reveal the absence of a management plan and the serious threat posed to the wetland. The study revealed a net wetland loss of 83.2% to residential development between 1991 to 2021. The findings from the water quality analysis show that the wetland is performing poorly in treating wastewater as revealed by the quality and pollution indexes used. The potential of the wetland is high if it is managed sustainably.
Boiling Water Resistant Fully Bio-Based Adhesive Made from Maleated Chitosan and Glucose with Excellent Performance
Authors: Zeng Heyang , Jin Tao , Shi Senlei , Liu Li , Guo Haiyang , Xie Linkun , Chai Xijuan , Xu Kaimeng , Du Guanben , Zhang Lianpeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Preparing green wood adhesives using renewable biomass resources is significant. A three-component biomass adhesive CSC-G was prepared by combining chitosan, maleic anhydride, and glucose. Characterization using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that dehydrated malic acid serves as a bridge for connecting chitosan and glucose. The introduction of glucose enriches the crosslinking density, thereby improving the bonding strength. In addition, the effects of the mass ratio of CSC to glucose, hot pressing temperature, and hot-pressing time on CSC-G adhesive were also investigated. The excellent performance of CSC-G is mainly shown in that when pressed at 160 ℃, the shear strength of three-layer plywood remains at 0.88 MPa after soaking in boiling water for 3 hours, and the curing temperature is better than the previously reported polyester adhesive. As an all-biomass polyester adhesive, CSC-G adhesive has a lower curing temperature and excellent performance and provides a new approach to developing high-performance chitosan-based wood adhesives.
Hyperbranched 5-sulfosalicylic acid-TDI-chitosan decorated by Fe3O4 nanoparticles: a highly efficient solid acid organocatalyst for the synthesis of quinazoline derivatives under green conditions
Authors: Peyvasteh Reyhaneh , Dekamin Mohammad G. , Valiey Ehsan , Hassanzadeh Najmeh , Dohendou Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this research, a new magnetic decorated hyperbranched chitosan by grafting of 5-sulfosalicylic acid using toluene-2,4-diisocyanate linker (CS-TDI-SSA-Fe3O4) was designed and prepared conveniently. The obtained magnetic biopolymeric nanomaterial was properly characterized by using FT-IR, EDX XRD, FESEM, TGA and VSM spectroscopic, microscopic, or analytical methods. The supramolecular CS-TDI-SSA-Fe3O4 nanocomposite was investigated, as a heterogeneous solid acidic organocatalyst, to promote three-component synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazoline-4(1H)-one derivatives under green chemistry conditions. The CS-TDI-SSA-Fe3O4 nanocatalyst was demonstraed to act as a highly efficient solid acid for the synthesis of various quinazoline derivatives, as an important pharmaceutical scaffold, through multicomponent strategy. The reaction proceeds very well in the presence of CS-TDI-SSA-Fe3O4 solid acid nanocatalyst in EtOH to afford corresponding 2,3-dihydroquinazoline-4(1H)-one derivatives in high to excellent yields. Key advantages of the present protocol are the use of a renewable and biopolymeric and biodegredable solid acid as well as simple procedure for preparation of the hybrid material. Furthermore, the CS-TDI-SSA-Fe3O4 catalyst can be used at least five times for the synthesis of quinazoline derivatives with a slight decrease in its catalytic activity.
Expansion of Dermacentor reticulatus in central-southern Poland and new threats to human and animal health
Authors: Buczek Alicja , Buczek Weronika , Rudek Maciej , Bartosik Katarzyna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Dermacentor reticulatus is one of the tick species with the greatest epidemiological importance in Europe. To date, the Eastern European and Western European populations of this tick species have been separated by an area located in Poland where the species have never been found. In this paper, we describe newly discovered D. reticulatuslocalities in areas transformed by human activities in central-southern Poland. Thespecimens of ornate dog tick were identified among ticks collected from companion animals in 2010, 2012, 2013, and 2014.
Our results verify the available data on the spread of ornate dog tick and indicate that, since 2010, this tick species has probably been present in this area, which has a strongly transformed agricultural structure and used to be regarded as a D. reticulatus-free zone. However, field studies are required to determine the current distribution range of D. reticulatus and its population size.
The presence of the ornate dog tick in urban and suburban habitats in central-southern Poland poses new threats to the health of companion animals and humans associated with the transmission of pathogens by this species.
Hepatocyte identity and zonal position determine tumourigenic potential of mutant β-catenin
Authors: Raven Alexander , Gilroy Kathryn , Jin Hu , Leslie Holly , Hall Holly , Ridgway Rachel , Ford Catriona , Gulhan Doga , Vlahov Nikola , Mills Megan , Sphyris Nathalie , Müller Miryam , May Stephanie , Nixon Colin , Barker Nick , Clevers Hans , Ivaska Johanna , Miller Crispin , Jamieson Nigel , Bird Thomas , Park Peter , Sansom Owen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in otherwise normal tissue are common in many adult tissues1,2. This suggests multiple events need to converge to drive tumourigenesis and that many processes such as tissue differentiation may be protective against carcinogenesis. Within the liver Wnt/β-catenin signalling maintains zonal differentiation during liver homeostasis3,4. However, the CTNNB1 oncogene—encoding β-catenin—is also frequently mutated in hepatocellular carcinoma, resulting in aberrant Wnt signalling that promotes cell growth5,6. Here we investigated the antagonistic interplay between Wnt-driven growth and differentiation in zonal hepatocyte populations during liver tumorigenesis. We found that β-catenin mutants transiently stimulated growth in zone-1 and -2 hepatocytes within the Wnt-low region of the liver lobule – before inducing a differentiated zone-3 fate. One key feature lacking within the differentiated zone-3 hepatocytes that is often upregulated in human cancer was MYC which can synergise with β-catenin to initiate HCC in mice. When mutant β-catenin and MYC were expressed cell-agnostically across the liver lobule, a subset of mutant hepatocytes were proliferative and tumorigenic. These exhibited a selective upregulation of the zone-2 factors IGFBP2, cyclin D1, and mTOR and a reduction in the levels of Wnt signalling when compared to non-proliferative Wnt-high single cell clones. Inhibition of mTOR signalling with Rapamycin blocked tumourigenesis. Furthermore, restricting β-catenin and MYC mutations with Lgr5-Cre to zone-3 hepatocytes suppressed tumourigenesis. This was associated with high Wnt signalling and the lack of zone-2 factors permissive to growth. Importantly other oncogenic-drivers could promote tumourigenesis from zone-3 hepatocytes but tumours that arose had all lost their zone 3 features. Therefore we propose that zonal identity dictates hepatocyte susceptibility to Wnt-driven tumorigenesis and that escaping Wnt-induced differentiation is essential for liver cancer.
Air-Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell: Optimizing Graphene-Sponge Anode Thickness and Chamber pH using Taguchi Experimental Method
Authors: Navarro* Emilio Steven Corrales , Boado Melissa May Muñoz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The rapid consumption of fossil fuels has led to calls to switch from non-renewable to renewable energy sources. Microbial fuel cells are a promising technology that simultaneously treats wastewater and produces power. This study used the Taguchi Experimental method to optimize anode thickness and pH to obtain the maximum power density of an air-cathode microbial fuel cell (ACMFC). The graphene-sponge (G-S) anode thickness and chamber pH were selected as operating parameters, with their corresponding levels. The L9 orthogonal array was selected for the experimental design. According to Taguchi Method, the optimum G-S anode thickness and chamber pH were obtained at 1.0 cm and 8.0, respectively. A confirmatory run was performed with the optimum conditions, and accordingly, maximum power density was observed at 707.75 mW·m−3. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to identify the percentage contributions of operating parameters in the process and was found to be 30.66% for pH and 69.34% for anode thickness.
Functional analysis of the Aspergillus fumigatus kinome reveals a DYRK kinase involved in septal plugging is a novel antifungal drug target
Authors: Rhijn Norman van , Zhao Can , Al-Furaji Narjes , Storer Isabelle , Valero Clara , Gago Sara , Chown Harry , Baldin Clara , Fortune-Grant Rachael , Shuraym Hajer Bin , Ivanova Lia , Kniemeyer Olaf , Krüger Thomas , Bignell Elaine , Goldman Gustavo , Amich Jorge , Delneri Daniela , Bowyer Paul , Brakhage Axel , Haas Hubertus , Bromley Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

More than 10 million people suffer from lung diseases caused by the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. The azole class of antifungals represent first line therapeutics for most of these infections however resistance is rising. Identification of novel antifungal targets that, when inhibited, synergise with the azoles will aid the development of agents that can improve therapeutic outcomes and supress the emergence of resistance. As part of the A. fumigatus genome-wide knockout program (COFUN), we have completed the generation of a library that consists of 120 genetically barcoded null mutants in genes that encode the protein kinase cohort of A. fumigatus. We have employed a competitive fitness profiling approach (Bar-Seq), to identify targets which when deleted result in hypersensitivity to the azoles and fitness defects in a murine host. The most promising candidate from our screen is a previously uncharacterised DYRK kinase orthologous to Yak1 of Candida albicans, a TOR signalling pathway kinase involved in modulation of stress responsive transcriptional regulators. Here we show that the orthologue YakA has been repurposed in A. fumigatus to regulate blocking of the septal pore upon exposure to stress via phosphorylation of the Woronin body tethering protein Lah. Loss of YakA function reduces the ability of A. fumigatus to penetrate solid media and impacts growth in murine lung tissue. We also show that 1-ethoxycarbonyl-beta-carboline (1-ECBC), a compound previously shown to inhibit Yak1 in C. albicans prevents stress mediated septal spore blocking and synergises with the azoles to inhibit A. fumigatus growth.
Identify hospitalization cost drivers of traumatic fracture patients in China using quantile regression and backpropagation neural network
Authors: Liu Peixin , Jiang Hong , Ye Zhongshu , Zhou Liqiang , Geng Xuyang , Lin Zefang , Liu Xiaodong , Qin Yi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective Analyze the factors associated with hospitalization costs of traumatic fracture patients.Methods Data for the retrospective analysis was extracted from the first pages of inpatient medical records in Zhuhai, China. The sample consisted of 31503 patients hospitalized for traumatic fractures between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020. We first compared differences in hospitalization costs between subgroups, followed by quantile regression and backpropagation neural network to investigate the key drivers of the hospitalization costs.Results The median hospitalization cost for traumatic fracture patients was ¥13528.2. The mean length of stay was 13.77 days. Quantile regression showed that higher hospitalization costs from the Quantile 0.1 to the Quantile 0.9 significantly correlated with advanced age, more severe types of fracture, operation, comorbidity, longer length of stay, higher level of hospital, and payment with Medicare. Backpropagation neural network indicated that the length of stay, operation level and hospital level were the most important predictors of hospitalization costs.Conclusion Quantile regression and backpropagation neural network yielded valuable information on the factors affecting the hospitalization costs of traumatic fractures in China. Findings suggested that interventions aiming to reduce length of stay contributed to reducing the economic burden associated with traumatic fractures.
Association analysis for adult plant resistance to leaf stripe disease (Pyrenophora graminea) in spring barley cultivars
Authors: Sohrabi Mehdi , Aghnoum Reza , Shafaroudi Saeid Malekzadeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The leaf stripe disease of barely caused by the seed transmitted hemi-biotrophic fungal pathogen, Pyrenophora graminea is an important disease of barley worldwide. The present study was carried out to determine the genetics of leaf stripe resistance in an association mapping population consisted of 141 European two-rowed spring barley cultivars and to identify new sources of resistance. The field trials were set up in a randomized complete block design with three replications during three consecutive growing years (2016-19). In the first year, the genotypes were sown in plots, adjacent to the highly susceptible spreader rows to be inoculated via natural infection at the flowering stage. In addition to the leaf stripe incidence, associations of some agronomical relevant traits including days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of seeds per spike and thousand kernel weight with AFLP and SSR markers were determined. The results of analysis of variance in two years showed significant variation between genotypes for all the traits. Four QTLs for leaf stripe resistance at the adult plant stage, designated as Rpgq1 to Rpgq4, were mapped on chromosomes 5H (two QTL), 6H and 7H, from which Rpgq2 QTL on chromosome 5H, showed coincidence with the map position of two QTLs for days to healing and days to maturity. We found a significant difference between the level of leaf stripe incidence in 100 cultivars carrying the Mlo wild-type and of 41 carrying mlo mutant alleles, indicating that that the mutant alleles of the MLO gene which are effective against the biotrophic barley powdery mildew pathogen (Blumeria graminis fsp. hordei) confers increased susceptibility to the leaf stripe pathogen.