bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cationic distributions and dielectric properties of magnesium ferrites fabricated by sol-gel route and photocatalytic activity evaluation
Authors: Ata Sadia , Bano Sara , Bibi Ismat , Alwadai Norah , Mohsin Ijaz ul , Al Huwayz Maryam , Iqbal Munawar , Nazir Arif 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Sol-gel auto combustion method was adopted to fabricate magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) nanoparticles. The structural and morphological properties was studied by XRD, FTIR, and SEM analysis. The average particle sizes of MgFe2O4 was in the range of 35–55 nm. The octahedral & Tetrahedral bond lengths, R
AE (tetrahedral edge length), R
BE (shared octahedral edge length) and R
BEU (individual octahedral edge length), cationic radii (tetra and octa-sites) were also determined. The magnetic strength also showed direct reliance on bond angle and indirect to bond length. Hoping length L
a and L
b and bond angles are also measured. The frequency dependent conductivity and dielectric properties of MgFe2O4 were investigated by Impedance analyzer. The photocatalytic activity (PCA) is appraised against MB (methylene blue) dye and MgFe2O4 calcined at 800 °C showed promising degradation (78%) under visible light irradiation. The findings revealed that MgFe2O4 is can harvest the solar light, which could be employed for the remediation of wastewater contains textile dyes.
Is the Record Power Profile Repeatable? A Practical Analysis and Interpretation in Professional Cyclists
Authors: Muriel Xabier , Hernández-Belmonte Alejandro , Mateo-March Manuel , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Zabala Mikel , Barranco-Gil David , Lucia Alejandro , Pallares Jesús G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Muriel, X, Hernández-Belmonte, A, Mateo-March, M, Valenzuela, PL, Zabala, M, Barranco-Gil, D, Lucia, A, and Pallares, JG. Is the record power profile repeatable? A practical analysis and interpretation in professional cyclists. J Strength Cond Res 37(5): 1131–1134, 2023—This study assessed the repeatability of the Record Power Profile (RPP, i.e., the highest power output that a cyclist can attain for different effort durations under field-based conditions). We registered the RPP of 12 professional cyclists (age 32 ± 5 years) for efforts lasting between 30 seconds and 60 minutes during 3 periods of a season, each of 23-day duration: preparation (including training data only), specific (training and competition data), and competition (competition data only) periods. Repeatability was assessed using the highest 2 (RPP2), 3 (RPP3), and 5 (RPP5) values of mean maximum power obtained by the cyclists for each effort duration in each of the 3 periods. Smaller standard errors of measurement (SEM) were found as the competitive period approached, especially for short-duration efforts (i.e., 30 seconds, 1 minute, and 5 minutes, where SEM ranged from 4.3 to 12.5%, 4.1–8.5%, and 2.6–7.0% in the preparation, specific, and competition periods, respectively). However, similar SEM values were found in the 3 periods for RPP2, RPP3, or RPP5. In conclusion, the RPP appears as a repeatable parameter for monitoring field-based performance within the different phases of the season in professional cyclists.
Pattern of Driver-Like Input onto Neurons of the Mouse Ventral Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
Authors: Govindaiah Gubbi , Fox Michael A. , Guido William 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN) is a retinorecipient region of thalamus that contributes to a number of complex visual behaviors. Retinal axons that target vLGN terminate exclusively in the external subdivision (vLGNe), which is also transcriptionally and cytoarchitectonically distinct from the internal subdivision (vLGNi). While recent studies shed light on the cell types and efferent projections of vLGNe and vLGNi, we have a crude understanding of the source and nature of the excitatory inputs driving postsynaptic activity in these regions. Here, we address this by conductingin vitrowhole-cell recordings in acutely prepared thalamic slices and using electrical and optical stimulation techniques to examine the postsynaptic excitatory activity evoked by the activation of retinal or cortical layer V input onto neurons in vLGNe and vLGNi. Activation of retinal afferents by electrical stimulation of optic tract or optical stimulation of retinal terminals resulted in robust driver-like excitatory activity in vLGNe. Optical activation of corticothalamic terminals from layer V resulted in similar driver-like activity in both vLGNe and vLGNi. Using a dual-color optogenetic approach, we found that many vLGNe neurons received convergent input from these two sources. Both individual pathways displayed similar driver-like properties, with corticothalamic stimulation leading to a stronger form of synaptic depression than retinogeniculate stimulation. We found no evidence of convergence in vLGNi, with neurons only responding to corticothalamic stimulation. These data provide insight into the influence of excitatory inputs to vLGN and reveal that only neurons in vLGNe receive convergent input from both sources.
Temporal Dynamics Underlying Prelimbic Prefrontal Cortical Regulation of Action Selection and Outcome Evaluation during Risk/Reward Decision-Making
Authors: Bercovici Debra A. , Princz-Lebel Oren , Schumacher Jackson D. , Lo Valerie M. , Floresco Stan B. 
Published: January 2023

Risk/reward decision-making is a dynamic process that includes periods of deliberation before action selection and evaluation of the action outcomes that bias subsequent choices. Inactivation of the prelimbic (PL) cortex has revealed its integral role in updating decision biases in the face of changes in probabilistic reward contingencies, yet how phasic PL signals during different phases of the decision process influence choice remains unclear. We used temporally specific optogenetic inhibition to selectively disrupt PL activity coinciding with action selection and outcome phases to examine how these signals influence choice. Male rats expressing the inhibitory opsin eArchT within PL excitatory neurons were well trained on a probabilistic discounting task, entailing choice between small/certain versus large/risky rewards, the probability of which varied over a session (50–12.5%). During testing, brief light pulses suppressed PL activity before choice or after different outcomes. Prechoice suppression reduced bias toward more preferred/higher utility options and disrupted how recent outcomes influenced subsequent choice. Inhibition during risky losses induced a similar profile, but here, the impact of reward omissions were either amplified or diminished, relative to the context of the estimated profitability of the risky option. Inhibition during large or small reward receipt reduced risky choice when this option was more profitable, suggesting these signals can both reinforce rewarded risky choices and also act as a relative value comparator signal that augments incentive for larger rewards. These findings reveal multifaceted contributions by the PL in implementing decisions and integrating action–outcome feedback to assign context to the decision space.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe PL prefrontal cortex plays an integral role in guiding risk/reward decisions, but how activity in this region during different phases of the decision process influences choice is unclear. By using temporally specific optogenetic manipulations of this activity, the present study unveiled previously uncharacterized and differential contributions by PL in implementing decision policies and how evaluation of decision outcomes shape subsequent choice. These findings provide novel insight into the dynamic processes engaged by the PL that underlie action selection in situations involving reward uncertainty that may aid in understanding the mechanism underlying normal and aberrant decision-making processes.
Altered Neurovascular Coupling for Multidisciplinary Intensive Rehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Li Ting , Wang Li , Piao Zhixin , Chen Keke , Yu Xin , Wen Qiping , Suo Dingjie , Zhang Chunyu , Funahashi Shintaro , Pei Guangying , Fang Boyan , Yan Tianyi 
Published: January 2023

Effective rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease (PD) is related to brain reorganization with restoration of cortico–subcortical networks and compensation of frontoparietal networks; however, further neural rehabilitation evidence from a multidimensional perspective is needed. To investigate how multidisciplinary intensive rehabilitation treatment affects neurovascular coupling, 31 PD patients (20 female) before and after treatment and 30 healthy controls (17 female) underwent blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging and arterial spin labeling scans. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was used to measure perfusion, and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) was used to measure neural activity. The global CBF–fALFF correlation and regional CBF/fALFF ratio were calculated as neurovascular coupling. Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) was used to evaluate treatment-related alterations in the strength and directionality of information flow. Treatment reduced CBF–fALFF correlations. The altered CBF/fALFF exhibited increases in the left angular gyrus and the right inferior parietal gyrus and decreases in the bilateral thalamus and the right superior frontal gyrus. The CBF/fALFF alteration in right superior frontal gyrus showed correlations with motor improvement. Further, DCM indicated increases in connectivity from the superior frontal gyrus and decreases from the thalamus to the inferior parietal gyrus. The benefits of rehabilitation were reflected in the dual mechanism, with restoration of executive control occurring in the initial phase of motor learning and compensation of information integration occurring in the latter phase. These findings may yield multimodal insights into the role of rehabilitation in disease modification and identify the dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus as a potential target for noninvasive neuromodulation in PD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough rehabilitation has been proposed as a promising supplemental treatment for PD as it results in brain reorganization, restoring cortico–subcortical networks and eliciting compensatory activation of frontoparietal networks, further multimodal evidence of the neural mechanisms underlying rehabilitation is needed. We measured the ratio of perfusion and neural activity derived from arterial spin labeling and blood oxygenation level-dependent fMRI data and found that benefits of rehabilitation seem to be related to the dual mechanism, restoring executive control in the initial phase of motor learning and compensating for information integration in the latter phase. We also identified the dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus as a potential target for noninvasive neuromodulation in PD patients.
Proactive Interhemispheric Disinhibition Supports Response Preparation during Selective Stopping
Authors: Wadsley Corey G. , Cirillo John , Nieuwenhuys Arne , Byblow Winston D. 
Published: January 2023

Response inhibition is essential for terminating inappropriate actions. A substantial response delay may occur in the nonstopped effector when only part of a multieffector action is terminated. This stopping-interference effect has been attributed to nonselective response inhibition processes and can be reduced with proactive cuing. This study aimed to elucidate the role of interhemispheric primary motor cortex (M1–M1) influences during selective stopping with proactive cuing. We hypothesized that stopping-interference would be reduced as stopping certainty increased because of proactive recruitment of interhemispheric facilitation or inhibition when cued to respond or stop, respectively. Twenty-three healthy human participants of either sex performed a bimanual anticipatory response inhibition paradigm with cues signaling the likelihood of a stop-signal occurring. Dual-coil transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to determine corticomotor excitability (CME), interhemispheric inhibition (IHI), and interhemispheric facilitation (IHF) in the left hand at rest and during response preparation. Response times slowed and stopping-interference decreased with increased stopping certainty. Proactive response inhibition was marked by a reduced rate of rise and faster cancel time in electromyographical bursts during stopping. There was a nonselective release of IHI but not CME from rest to in-task response preparation, whereas IHF was not observed in either context. An effector-specific reduction in CME but no reinstatement of IHI was observed when the left hand was cued to stop. These findings indicate that stopping speed and selectivity are better with proactive cueing and that interhemispheric M1–M1 channels modulate inhibitory tone during response preparation to support going but not proactive response inhibition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTResponse inhibition is essential for terminating inappropriate actions and, in some cases, may be required for only part of a multieffector action. The present study examined interhemispheric influences between the primary motor cortices during selective stopping with proactive cuing. Stopping selectivity was greater with increased stopping certainty and was marked by proactive adjustments to the hand cued to stop and hand cued to respond separately. Inhibitory interhemispheric influences were released during response preparation but were not directly involved in proactive response inhibition. These findings indicate that between-hand stopping can be selective with proactive cuing, but cue-related improvements are unlikely to reflect the advance engagement of interhemispheric influences between primary motor cortices.
Varietal thiols levels and sensory effects in South African Colombard wines
Authors: Van Rooyen Rianco , Brand Jeanne , Du Toit Wessel 
Published: January 2023

The levels of varietal thiols and the role these compounds play in Colombard wine have not been investigated in detail. This study assessed the levels of the varietal thiols 4-methyl-4-sulfanylpentan-2-one (4MSP), 3-sulfanylhexyl acetate (3SHA) and 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3SH) and their sensory effects in 24 young South African Colombard wines. Levels of 3SHA and 3SH were, in general, in line with those previously reported in South African Chenin blanc and Sauvignon blanc wines. Levels of 4MSP were, in general, found at a narrower range than those reported for Sauvignon blanc wines. Twelve of these wines were also sensorially analysed by a panel of wine industry experts. Aroma descriptors, such as guava, passion fruit, sweat and tomato leaf, which have previously been linked to 3SH and 3SHA, were also found, especially in the wines containing higher levels of these two compounds. Good correlations between 3SHA and sweat and guava were found. This study contributes to the knowledge of varietal thiol levels and their role played in 24 Colombard white wines. It could also lead to wine producers adapting their winemaking g practices to increase levels of varietal thiols if the aroma characteristics linked to these compounds are sought after in this single cultivar wine.
Neutrosophic Classifier-based Algorithm for Dependability Analysis in Early Phase of Software Development
Authors: Chatterjee Subhashis , Saha Deepjyoti , Yadav Akhilesh , Verma Yogesh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Due to the significant dependency on software, the enhancement of dependability in software attributes is the most challenging issue for software developers. The dependability attributes like: reliability, performability, security, safety, risk, maintainability perform important roles for the development of dependable software. The present study proposes a new algorithm to predict more faults efficiently in the requirement phase to assess the dependability of the software systems. Here three dependability attributes like: performability, reliability, and security, have been considered to develop the proposed model. Neutrosophic logic can be a useful tool to handle impreciseness, incompleteness of software metric values by its three independent components like: truth, indeterminate, and false components. Based on expert knowledge most important four requirement phase metrics have been considered here as input for the model development. The performance of the proposed model has been validated based on real software project data. The proposed model have been compared with different other fault prediction models by comparison criteria. The performance of the proposed model is better and it can predict more faults than other models. Software organizations can use the proposed model for the requirement phase fault count and construct dependable software.
Genetic diversity of Formosan pangolins (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) in Taiwan based on the MHC gene
Authors: Liu Jin-Ting , Lai Fang-Yu , Wu Yu-Hsuan , Lo Flora Hsuan-Yi , Lin En-Chung , Wang Pei-Hwa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The Formosan pangolin (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) is an endangered species in Taiwan. The polymorphisms at major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene regions could provide an indicator for immunological fitness and genetic diversity of a population. In this study, seven different novel markers for MHC genotyping of Formosan pangolin were developed and used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 92 Formosan pangolins. In the MHC markers, six loci showed monomorphism or only two haplotypes. Only one marker, a DLA class II DR-1 beta chain-like locus, showed more diversity: four haplotypes were detected and their relative frequencies were 62.0, 37.0, 0.5 and 0.5%, with nine polymorphic sites in the nucleotide sequence and six variable sites in the amino acid sequence. The non-synonymous substitution rate (dN) and synonymous substitution rate (dS) were 0.026 and 0.017, and showed that this locus appears to be under positive selection (dN /dS >1). Observed heterozygosity (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) were 0.413 and 0.482, respectively. FIS was 0.144, indicating that the population might have an inbreeding tendency (FIS > 0). Haplotype diversity (h) was 0.482 and nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.010. Overall, the results indicated that the genetic diversity of MHC genes among Formosan pangolins in Taiwan was insufficient.
Profile and quality of life of the adult population in good health according to the level of vitality: European NHWS cross sectional analysis
Authors: Tardy Anne-Laure , Marguet Sophie , Costantino Halley , Stewart Andrew , Mackie deMauri , Saba Grèce , Amand Caroline 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Alteration analysis of refractories bricks for industrial horizontal anodes baking furnace
Authors: Tankeu Jeanne Solange Ntchayi , Gnamsi Guy Molay Tchapga , Tchamba Arlin Bruno , Ninla Patrick Lemougna , Kamseu Elie , Guidana Marcel , Nkeng George Elambo , Kausik Dana , Mbessa Michel , Njopwouo Daniel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study analyses the alteration of refractory bricks after 96 baking cycles of anode baking furnace. A decrease of compressive strength from 48.45 MPa to 32 MPa respectively for unused and used bricks were observed. The bulk density obtained by mercury intrusion porosimeter method decreased from 2.48 to 2.38 g/cm3for unused and used bricks; while the bulk density by archimades method increased from 2.29 to 2.49 g/cm3. The water absorption by Archimedes method is decreased from 6.65wt.% to 5.05wt.%. While the total porosity obtained by mercury intrusion porosimeter increased from 15.41wt.% to 17.21wt.% for unused and used bricks. In the same way the total cumulative pore increased from 62.05 mm3/g to 72.35 mm3/g. While the average pore radius decreased from 5.65 µm to 1.06 µm respectively for unused and used brick. The anode side of brick is deterioted rapidly than hot side of brick. The instrusion porosimetry method seems to be the best method to characterize buld density and porosimetry of refractory bricks than Archimedes method. Mullite peak seems to be not change, suggesting that a very compacted brick with high mullite content seems to be the best matrix for bricks in anode baking furnace.
Increasing the production of fresh water in a stepped solar still by different natural materials as photoabsorber
Authors: Shahdabadi Reza Shahraki , Mortazavi Ali , Lotfi Pouria , Shakib Seyyed ehsan , Ghafurian Mohammad Mustafa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a stepped solar still made of galvanized iron, exposed to a solar simulator at a light intensity of 904 W/m2, was experimentally studied. Iron ore, granite, and sponge as photoabsorber were utilized on the surface of the stairs to increase the evaporation efficiency and drinking water production. In each mode, experimental tests were conducted at three mass flow rates, including 0.195, 0.134, and 0.1 kg/min. The results showed that increasing the mass flow rate of the inlet feed water results in reducing the drinking water production and the evaporation efficiency in all three modes. In addition, the iron ore is able to save solar radiation energy inside itself well, and consequently the evaporation rate increases. The maximum drinking water production archived by using iron ore at a mass flow rate of 0.1 kg/min with an amount 715 ml/min. However, the corresponding value for granite, sponge, and base state was recorded 630, 555, and 515 ml/min, respectively. Also economic analysis showed that the lowest mass flow rate of feed water leads to the lowest price of the product via using iron ore (0.07 $/lit) which is comparable to reported techniques in the literature.
Mercury in riverine populations of Terra do Meio Extractive Reserves at the Xingu basin, Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Moita Matheus Duarte de Castro , Júnior Flávio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva , Pereira Tatiana da Silva , Marinho Renatta Barbosa , Vitorio Emanuely Oliveira , Pellegrino Érika Fernandes Costa , Pinheiro Maria da Conceição Nascimento , Santos OZELIA Sousa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Amazon is a hotspot for mercury (Hg) contamination and the Terra do Meio region, despite its protected status for sustainable use, has never been monitored for this element and might be affected. Looking to address this gap, this study aimed to quantify capillary mercury concentration in riverine populations of Terra do Meio (Xingu Basin, Central Amazon, Brazil) and associated factors with high Hg concentration levels (90 percentile). Hair samples from 182 individuals from Iriri, Riozinho do Anfrísio and Xingu Extractive Reserves (RESEX), aged between 18 and 70 years old, were collected to measure total mercury levels (HgT) and socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical-epidemiological data were annotated. Overall, high concentration levels of Hg were observed with significant differences between localities. Among the factors related to high capillary mercury concentration levels, gender (male), smoking habit, work with agriculture, livestock or extractivism and living at Iriri and Riozinho do Anfrísio RESEX were highlighted. A high prevalence of symptoms related to mercury intoxication, including anxiety, memory deficit, and lower limb problems, was observed. Overall, the results reveal that communities in these RESEXs are exposed to Hg and appear to be suffering from chronic health effects. Considering the increased anthropic alterations observed recently in the Amazon region and the subsequent amplified environmental bioavailability of mercury, further studies and mitigating actions are critical.