bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O COMPLIANCE NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Valle da Costa Neto Alcelyr , Antonio Evangelista de Souza Netto  , Priscila Luciene Santos de Lima  , Flávia Jeane Ferrari  , Silvia De Jesus Martins  
Published: March 2023

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar o compliance por meio dos códigos de conduta no âmbito da Administração Pública nacional. A temática justifica-se diante da imprescindível necessidade das instituições não só privadas, mas principalmente de interesse público demonstrem programas de gestão de riscos e de anticorrupção em suas governanças, a fim de otimizar a sua credibilidade e exemplo diante da sociedade. O trabalho busca analisar quais são os códigos de conduta do servidor público brasileiro e as respectivas práticas de compliance dentro desta instituição pública. Para tal, desenvolve-se uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, de procedimento bibliográfico amparada na legislação vigente, nas normas internas institucionais, além da literatura referente ao tema abordado. Observou-se que a Administração Pública Brasileira, no contexto de seus princípios e valores, demonstra ser um ambiente bastante favorável à introdução do compliance.
Palavras-chave: Administração Pública; Compliance; Programas de Integridade.
Causal effects of gut microbiota on the risk of chronic kidney disease: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Luo Mingli , Cai Jiahao , Luo Shulu , Hong Xiaosi , Xu Lingxin , Lin Honghong , Chen Xiong , Fu Wen 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that gut microbiota is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. However, whether gut microbiota has a causal effect on the development of CKD has not been revealed. Thus, we aimed to analyze the potential causal effect of gut microbiota on the risk of CKD using mendelian randomization (MR) study.Materials and MethodsIndependent single nucleotide polymorphisms closely associated with 196 gut bacterial taxa (N = 18340) were identified as instrumental variables. Two-sample MR was performed to evaluate the causal effect of gut microbiota on CKD (N = 480698), including inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, weighted median method, MR-Egger, mode-based estimation and MR-PRESSO. The robustness of the estimation was tested by a series of sensitivity analyses including Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept analysis, leave-one-out analysis and funnel plot. Statistical powers were also calculated.ResultsThe genetically predicted higher abundance of order Desulfovibrionales was causally associated with an increased risk of CKD (odds ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.26; p = 0.0026). Besides, we also detected potential causalities between nine other taxa (Eubacterium eligens group, Desulfovibrionaceae, Ruminococcaceae UCG-002, Deltaproteobacteria, Lachnospiraceae UCG-010, Senegalimassilia, Peptostreptococcaceae, Alcaligenaceae and Ruminococcus torques group) and CKD (p &lt; 0.05). No heterogeneity or pleiotropy was detected for significant estimates.ConclusionWe found that Desulfovibrionales and nine other taxa are associated with CKD, thus confirming that gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CKD. Our work also provides new potential indicators and targets for screening and prevention of CKD.
Digitally measuring solar ultraviolet radiation in outdoor workers: A study protocol for establishing the use of electronic personal dosimeters in Portugal
Authors: Paulo Marília Silva , Symanzik Cara , Maia Melanie R. , Lapão Luís Velez , Carvalho Fernanda , Conneman Sven , Dias Jorge Barroso , Gobba Fabriziomaria , John Swen Malte , Loney Tom , Pinho Cristina , Rodrigues Ana , Strehl Claudine , Tenkate Thomas , Wittlich Marc , Modenese Alberto 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe rising incidence of skin cancer over the years has made it a significant public and occupational health issue. However, skin cancer is highly preventable, mainly through reduced exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which can be achieved by a variety of individual and collective protective measures and interventions. The relative risk associated with different patterns of exposure to solar UVR differs for the subtypes of keratinocyte cancers (KC). Specifically, whether the exposure is intermittent or continuous, and occurs in an occupational or leisure/recreational setting. The main aim of the study using this protocol is to contribute to raising public and policy awareness on solar UVR-inflicted occupational skin cancers in Lisbon. This will be achieved by performing direct measurements of the solar UVR dose received by outdoor workers using a digital platform. Results will likely contribute to further understanding the risk estimates for keratinocyte cancer estimations in this population.MethodsA prospective observational study will be conducted in Lisbon, Portugal. Personal electronic dosimeters (GENESIS-UV system) integrated with a digital platform will be used to assess occupational solar UVR doses of gardeners, masons, and gravediggers of the municipality of Lisbon. Two hundred and ten outdoor workers will be selected to wear the dosimeter for 1 month each, between April and October during their daily working hours. A digital web-based platform that offers private access to information through dashboard visualization will provide information for the outdoor workers and facilitate communication with the participants.DiscussionThe expected results of the overall proposal comprise the occupational solar UVR doses, expressed in standard erythemal dose (SEDs) per day of outdoor work for 7 months. Study data will provide outdoor workers with information on their personal solar UVR exposure during their working hours and an estimate of their risk of developing skin cancer. It is expected that the occupational solar UVR doses of the outdoor workers in Portugal will be above the threshold of 1 to 1.33 SED/day, due to the latitude of Lisbon and the nature of the occupations. The results prospectively should flow into the design of adequate prevention campaigns for skin cancer in outdoor workers.
Development and validation of a predictive nomogram for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis dislodgement in orthopedic patients
Authors: Li Zongxuan , Liu Xiangdong , Li Liang , Cao Pengkai , Zhang Guanyu , Jiao Zhipeng , Wang Fengkai , Hao Qingchun , Li Yunsong , Zhang Yanrong 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) detachment in orthopedic patients, and to establish a risk nomogram prediction model.MethodsThe clinical data of 334 patients with orthopedic DVT admitted to the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2020 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. General statistics included gender, age, BMI, thrombus detachment, inferior vena cava filter window type, filter implantation time, medical history, trauma history, operation, use of tourniquet, thrombectomy, anesthesia mode, anesthesia grade, operative position, blood loss during operation, blood transfusion, immobilization, use of anticoagulants, thrombus side, thrombus range, D-dimer content before filter implantation and during removal of inferior vena cava filter. Logistic regression was used to perform univariate and multivariate analysis on the possible factors of thrombosis detachment, screen out independent risk factors, establish a risk nomogram prediction model by variables, and internally verify the predictability and accuracy of the model.ResultsBinary logistic regression analysis showed that Short time window filter (OR = 5.401, 95% CI = 2.338–12.478), lower extremity operation (OR = 3.565, 95% CI = 1.553–8.184), use of tourniquet (OR = 3.871, 95% CI = 1.733–8.651), non-strict immobilization (OR = 3.207, 95% CI = 1.387–7.413), non-standardized anticoagulation (OR = 4.406, 95% CI = 1.868–10.390), distal deep vein thrombosis (OR = 2.212, 95% CI = 1.047–4.671) were independent risk factors for lower extremity DVT detachment in orthopedic patients (P &lt; 0.05). Based on these six factors, a prediction model for the risk of lower extremity DVT detachment in orthopedic patients was established, and the risk prediction ability of the model was verified. The C-index of the nomogram model was 0.870 (95% CI: 0.822–0.919). The results indicate that the risk nomogram model has good accuracy in predicting the loss of deep venous thrombosis in orthopedic patients.ConclusionThe nomogram risk prediction model based on six clinical factors, including filter window type, operation condition, tourniquet use, braking condition, anticoagulation condition, and thrombosis range, has good predictive performance.
Osmotic Stress Enhances Antimicrobial Activity of in Vitro Grown Microshoots of Ochradenus Baccatus Delile Against Selected microbes
Authors: Darwish Maysaa M. , Shibli Rida A. , Al-Qadiri Hamzah M. , Tahtamouni Reham W. , Al-Saleh Majd M. , Abu Mallouh Saida , Al Qudah Tamara S. 
Published: March 2023

Ochradenus baccatus Delile is a wild medicinal plant that produces several natural compounds with medicinal benefits. In this study, microshoots of Ochradenus baccatus were exposed to osmotic stress conditions consisting of Murashige and Skoog solid media (MS) media that containing different osmotic agents (sugar types) at a range of concentrations (including 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 M). The purpose was to test their effects on microshoots’ growth and antimicrobial activities against selected strains of bacteria and one strain of fungi. It has been found that growth parameters (including shoot length and proliferation) of Ochradenus baccatus microshoots declined with increasing sugar concentration in the media, but at the highest concentrations of 0.4M mannitol, the micorshoots could not survive. Generally, aqueous extracts of the stressed microshoots were more effective against the tested microbial strains than the methanolic extracts in most experiments. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most affected microbe to both extract types. Also, exposing the microshoots to osmotic stress had improved antimicrobial powers in both extracts types. Aqueous extract of microshoots that pre-grew in media with (0.4 M sucrose) was interestingly found to inhibit growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of (0.195, 0.78 mg/ml). These values were similar to those obtained from the antibiotic treatments. Other biotechnological techniques like genetic transformation are suggested to be also used for production of elite strains of Ochradenus baccatus with super antimicrobial potential.
أثر البيئة السياسية في شعر شعراء الحلة في القرن السابع الهجري
Authors: مهدي عدنان كاظم , إبراهيم فراس نوري 
Published: March 2023

انصرف كثير من الباحثين عن دراسة الادب العربي في المرحلة التي تلت سقوط بغداد ، متذرعين بعقم الأدب ، وفقر الشعراء في اللحاق بمن سبقهم، وقد ترسخ هذا المفهوم لعدة قرون وإلى يومنا هذا ، فأطلقوا عليه سماتٍ ونعوتاً كثيرة وهي في الأغلب كانت إجحافاً بحق أدباء هذه الحقبة وشعرائها . والحقيقة الأكيدة أن شعر هذه الحقبة لايخلو من إبداع فكري وخلق فني .مما لاشك فيه أن الأحداث السياسية التي مرت بها الأمة الإسلامية تركت أثرها في الحياة الأدبية عموماً والشعر خصوصاً . وقد وقع اختيارنا على شعراء مدينة الحلة لعدة أسباب منها قربها من الأحداث السياسية التي عصفت بالعراق آنذاك ، ولأن هذه المدينة أصبحت قبلة المتعلمين ومركز الحضارة بعد سقوط بغداد ، فبزّت أقرانها من المدن الإسلامية ؛ فتخرج فيها العلماء الأعلام والشعراء الكبار وهذا البحث جاء ليسلط الضوء ويكشف عن أهم شعراء الحلة في القرن السابع الهجري ممن كانوا من أبناء الحلة أو ولدوا فيها . وقد حاولنا استقراء الأثر السياسي في شعرهم في مدة شابها كثير من الشبهات والملابسات .والبحث يتكون من مقدمة وأربعة مباحث هي : المدح السياسي، والرثاء السياسي ، والهجاء السياسي ،وشعر الوقائع السياسية ، يتلوها خاتمة بأهم النتائج وثبت لمصادر ومراجع البحث .
مسألة الحركات قبل أحرف المد في شروح كتاب سيبويه
Authors: البديري رياض كريم , جاسم مهند عباس 
Published: March 2023

لقد ذكر شرّاح كتاب سيبويه أنَّ الأصوات الطويلة هي أصوات قصيرة تم إشباعها , وعلى الرغم من فهمهم لحقيقة هذه الأصوات , إلا أنهم اضطروا إلى عدّها أصوات ساكنة قبلها حركات قصيرة من جنسها , ولهذا الجنوح مسوغاته يحاول البحث الوقوف عليها .إنَّ العرف في الكتابة العربية , جاء منسجماً مع النظرية العربية في النحو والصرف , فيكونان معاً , كخطين منسجمين متلازمين , ومِن ثمَّ لا يجوز أن نتهم علماءنا القدماء بأنهم انخدعوا بالكتابة , فتلك تهمة لا تليق بعلماء أفذاذ , كانوا على قدر كبير من النباهة والنبوغ , فإنهم كانوا على وعي صوتي بمنزلة أصوات المد , وكونها أصوات مدية لا ساكنة , وإنما جنحوا إلى عدِّها ساكنة ؛ للتوافق مع نظام الكتابة العربية , فضلاً عن سعيهم في تعليل الأحكام التي أوجدوها , وبيان ما خرج عنها .
الاستدلال الصّرفي عند متكلّمي الأمامية
Authors: حريجة غفران كاظم , عبد السَّادة أحمد حسين 
Published: March 2023

إنَّ طبيعة الاستدلال عند الأصوليين بصورة عامَّة وعند متكلِّميَّ الإماميَّة بصورة خاصَّة تختلف عمَّا عند أهل اللغة ؛ وذلك لإبتنائهم في استدلالهم على التَّصورات المنطقيَّة ولاسيَّما في استدلالاتهم العقديَّة العقليَّة، عكس ما عليه عند أهل اللغة ، ألا أنَّ متكلِّمي الإماميَّة في كل مسألة لغويَّة صرفيَّة يدعمونها بالأدلَّة اللغويَّة آخذين برأي أهل اللغة وكلام العرب معضدين رأيهم بالاستدلال النَّقلي المتمثل ب"القرآن الكريم ، وآحاديث الرَّسول وأهل البيت (G) وكلام العرب " ، موجهين المعنى في كلَّ بنيَّة صرفيَّة بما يناسب توجهاتهم الفكريَّة وبما يناسب رأي أهل اللغة .
Perbandingan Kombinasi Senam Kaki dengan Hidroterapi dan Tanpa Hidroterapi Terhadap Range Of Motion Aktif Ekstremitas Bawah pada Lansia
Authors: Fahrezi Andhwika Afif , Supatmo Yuswo , Marijo Marijo , Adji Raden Mas Soerjo 
Published: March 2023

Latar Belakang : Penuaan mengakibatkan penurunan berbagai fungsi tubuh, salah satunya adalah dalam aspek mobilitas. Bertambahnya usia dapat menurunkan rentang gerak sendi (Range of Motion). Salah satu aktifitas fisik yang mudah dilakukan bagi lansia adalah senam kaki dengan hidroterapi (rendam air hangat) agar dapat meminimalisir penurunan ROM.
Tujuan : Mengetahui perbandingan kombinasi senam kaki dengan hidroterapi dan tanpa hidroterapi terhadap ROM aktif ekstremitas bawah pada lansia.
Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan parallel 3 groups pre and post-test design. Subjek penelitian adalah 21 lansia di RW 04 Karang Wetan, Ungaran Barat, Kabupaten Semarang. ROM aktif ekstremitas bawah diukur sebelum dan setelah intervensi menggunakan goniometer. Analisis data menggunakan Paired T test dan One Way ANOVA.
Hasil : ROM aktif ekstremitas bawah pada kelompok kontrol tidak didapatkan kenaikan yang bermakna p=0,114 (p>0,05). Range of Motion aktif ekstremitas bawah (pre test ke post test) pada kelompok perlakuan kombinasi senam kaki dengan hidroterapi p<0,001 (p<0,05) maupun kelompok perlakuan senam kaki p=0,001 (p<0,05) mengalami peningkatan yang bermakna. Namun tidak terdapat perbedaan kenaikan yang bermakna antara ROM aktif ekstremitas bawah kelompok perlakuan kombinasi senam kaki dengan hidroterapi) p=1,00 (p<0,05) dengan kelompok perlakuan senam kaki..
Kesimpulan :Senam kaki dengan hidroterapi dan tanpa hidroterapi yang dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali dalam seminggu selama 5 minggu terbukti meningkatkan Range of motion aktif ekstremitas bawah pada lansia. Namun diantara keduanya tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna yang lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan Range of motion aktif ekstremitas bawah pada lansia.
Analisis Variasi Genetik Gen Angiotensinogen M235T pada Penderita Stroke Iskemik di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Kariadi, Semarang secara Polymerase Chain Reaction Restriction Fragment Length Polimorfism (PCR- RFLP)
Authors: Tugasworo Dodik , Retnaningsih Retnaningsih , Kurnianto Aditya , Suryadi Suryadi , Rahmawati Dani , Rahmayanti Rahmayanti , Budiman Jethro 
Published: March 2023

Latar Belakang : Stroke merupakan penyebab utama kematian dan kecacatan di dunia. Terjadinya stroke iskemik dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik, faktor lingkungan dan interaksi keduanya. Variasi genetik gen Angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T berhubungan dengan hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus yang merupakan faktor resiko dari stroke.
Tujuan : Mengidentifikasi variasi genetik gen Angiotensinogen M235T pada penderita Stroke Iskemik di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Kariadi, Semarang secara PCR- RFLP.
Metode : Subyek penelitian adalah 72 penderita stroke iskemik yang berobat di klinik rawat jalan Bagian Neurologi RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang pada Bulan Januari - Desember 2013. Ekstraksi DNA subyek penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium CEBIOR, RS Nasional Diponegoro pada Januari – Maret 2020. Amplifikasi dengan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dilakukan menggunakan Eppendorf themocycler. Digestion produk PCR dilakukan dengan Restriction Fragment Length Polimorfism (RFLP).
Hasil Penelitian : 72 sampel yang dianalisis didapatkan varian gen AGT M235T CT 37 (51,4%) sampel, varian gen AGT M235T TT didapatkan sebanyak 35 (48,6%) tidak didapatkan sampel yang menunjukkan varian AGT M235T CC.
Simpulan : Terdapat 3 jenis varian genetik gen AGT M235T, antara lain varian gen AGT M235T CT, varian gen AGT M235T TT dan varian AGT M235T CC. Diantara ketiga jenis varian tersebut, varian Gen AGT M235T CT merupakan varian terbanyak yang ditemukan pada penderita stroke iskemik di Rumah Sakit UP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.
Vokalschreibung bei bilingual deutsch-türkischen Grundschüler/innen
Authors: Sahiner Pembe 
Published: March 2023

Wie entwickelt sich die Vokalschreibung bei bilingualen Grundschüler/innen?
Untersuchungen zum bilingualen Schrifterwerb von Grundschüler/innen müssen die Fähigkeiten in der Erst- und Zweitsprache berücksichtigen. Auch wenn der Schrifterwerb in der Herkunftssprache mit dem Regelunterricht nicht koordiniert ist: Die Kinder lernen parallel Lesen und Schreiben. Darüber hinaus zeigen sie metasprachliche Fähigkeiten.
In diesem Buch bekommen Sie Einblicke in:
-	gesteuerte und ungesteuerte Lerneraktivitäten
-	Entwicklung von Lese- und Schreibstrategien
-	Erwerbsprozesse (in Abhängigkeit der Rahmenbedingungen)
-	individuelle metasprachliche Auseinandersetzungen
Besonders das Können und die Schwierigkeiten und Rückfalle im Schrifterwerb stehen im Fokus.
Die vorliegende Erwerbsstudie behandelt alle relevanten Aspekte des Schrifterwerbs in den ersten beiden Grundschuljahren. Dabei berücksichtigt sie die Besonderheiten der Mehrsprachigkeit fähigkeitsorientiert, um Didaktisierungen zu verbessern.
IDT 2017, Band 3
Authors: Forster Vosicki Brigitte , Gick Cornelia , Studer Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Unter dem Motto &sbquo;Brücken gestalten &ndash; mit Deutsch verbinden: Menschen &ndash; Lebenswelten &ndash; Kulturen&lsquo; fand 2017 in Freiburg (CH) die XVI. Internationale Tagung der Deutschlehrerinnen und Deutschlehrer (IDT) statt.
Die Ziele der IDT sind:
-	über den aktuellen Stand von Forschung und Entwicklung im Fach Deutsch als Fremdsprache (DaF) und Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ) informieren;
-	die Zusammenarbeit der DaF- und DaZ-Akteure weltweit und innerhalb der deutschsprachigen Länder fördern;
-	bildungspolitische Akzente setzen.
Die drei Tagungsbände widerspiegeln diese Ziele in vielfältiger Weise und konturieren sie zukunftsgerichtet.
Dieser Band versammelt elf Beiträge, welche sprachenpolitische Brennpunkte im Bereich von DaF und DaZ aufgreifen, und darüber hinaus eine sprachpolitische Resolution in Form von elf Thesen, die an der IDT 2017 verabschiedet wurde. Bei den Beiträgen handelt es sich um Expertenberichte, die sich mit zentralen sprach- und bildungspolitischen Fragen des Fachs DaF und DaZ und dessen Zukunft auseinandersetzen, z. B. mit der internationalen Zusammenarbeit in Verbänden, Netzwerken und Kooperationen oder mit der Aus- und Weiterbildung von Lehrpersonen.
Die Resolution setzt Zeichen für DaF und DaZ auf sprachpolitischem Parkett. Ihr Ziel besteht darin, Deutsch im Rahmen der Mehrsprachigkeit weltweit zu stärken, die Förderung von Deutsch im Migrationszusammenhang zu optimieren und die aktuellen Herausforderungen für das Fach Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache aktiv anzugehen und seine Entwicklungen mitzuprägen.

The XVI International Conference of German Teachers (IDT), which in 2017 took place in Freiburg (CH), went under the slogan &ldquo;Designing bridges - connecting through German: people &ndash; environments &ndash; cultures&rdquo;.
The goals of the IDT are:
?	to inform about the current state of research and developments in the subjects German as a Foreign Language (DaF) and German as a Second Language (DaZ);
?	to promote the cooperation of DaF and DaZ stakeholders worldwide and within the German-speaking countries;
?	to highlight relevant topics within educational politics.
The conference proceedings (in three volumes) reflect these objectives in a variety of ways and outline them in a forward-looking manner.

Volume 3 consists of eleven contributions that address the most pressing points in the area of German as a foreign language and German as a second language. The contributions are expert reports that deal with central issues with regard to language and educational policy as well as the future of DaF/DaZ, e.g. international cooperation in associations, networks and collaborations or the training and further education of teachers. Additionally, the volume features a resolution adopted at the IDT 2017, which adresses current developments and challenges of German as a foreign and second language.
Determine Communication channels used by smallholder farmers to access climate services in Musanze district
Authors: Twahirwa Anthony 
Published: March 2023

There is a significant threat on the African continent caused by climate change and limited practical options for adaptation and mitigation. Food security is becoming a serious problem and the agricultural sector which is the backbone of the Rwandan economy is severely impacted by climate shocks. The Musanze district's smallholder farmers access and use climate services to lessen the effects of extreme events of weather and climate. The conceptual structure is one method used by Rwanda Meteorological Agency to provide farmers with climatic services. Farmers employ a variety of modes to acquire climate services from the service providers for the purposes of planning, adaptation, and mitigation. Researchers, development partners, Ministries/Agencies, and others get climate products, which are then made available to farmers to support them make informed decisions. The survey was also carried out by engaging smallholder farmers using open-ended questions from key-format interviews, providing thorough information on how climate services are very vital and essential to the farmers. The findings indicated that the most commonly used products in planning and decision-making of agricultural activities are monthly bulletins, impact-based early warning information, daily weather forecasts and seasonal forecasts. The age, farmer’s income and the availability of equipment’s for accessing climate services contributed greatly to the readiness to use climate information. The availability of climatic services contributed to better selection of seeds and timing of pests and disease prevention. The most widely used modes of accessing climate services were radio, television, social media, and short messaging services. The objective of the study is to determine communication channels used by smallholder farmers to access climate services.