bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of 910 premolars transplanted in the anterior region—A retrospective analysis of survival, success, and complications
Authors: Louropoulou Anna , Andreasen Jens Ove , Leunisse Manfred , Eggink Edwin , Linssen Marcel , Van der Weijden Fridus , Barendregt Dick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe aim this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the survival, success and possible complications of transplanted premolars to the anterior region subdivided in development stage and patient's age.Materials and MethodsThe material comprised patients that underwent a tooth transplantation between April 2004 and December 2021. A total of 910 premolars were transplanted in 707 patients. Tooth mobility, oral hygiene, and periodontal parameters were clinically evaluated. Standardized radiographs were used to evaluate pulpal and periodontal healing and root formation. The cumulative survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsThe data were subdivided in three groups based on the stage of root development and patient's age. The average age at surgery was 16 years. The main indication for transplantation was trauma, followed by agenesis and other indications. Two premolars were lost during the whole observation period. The overall survival and success in the immature premolars group after an observation period of 10 years was 99.8%. The 10‐year survival and success rate when fully developed premolars were transplanted in the anterior region in adolescents were 100% and 96.3%, respectively. In adults, the 10‐year survival and success rate were 87.5%.ConclusionTransplantation of premolars with developing and fully developed roots to the anterior region in children, adolescents, and adults is a predictable treatment modality.
Comparative evaluation of three materials used for fragment reattachment in uncomplicated crown fracture—An in vitro study using bovine teeth
Authors: Jhunjhunwala Garima , Tewari Nitesh , Atif Mohammad , Morankar Rahul , Mathur Vijay Prakash , Bansal Kalpana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground/AimsThe recommended treatment for uncomplicated crown fractures is bonding the fractured fragment or the fragment reattachment. A paucity was identified regarding the studies comparing the efficacy of micro‐hybrid and nanohybrid composites in fragment reattachment. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate and compare three materials for bonding of fragments rehydrated by humidification in teeth with uncomplicated crown fractures.Material and MethodsEighty mandibular bovine incisors with similar dimensions and free of any structural deformities were fractured similar to the technique followed in previous studies. Fracture was simulated, fragments, and stumps were coded, stumps were stored in artificial saliva and the fragments were dehydrated at room temperature and pressure. They were randomly assigned to Group‐1 (no rehydration), Group‐2 (rehydrated and bonded by flowable nanohybrid composite—3M Filtek Supreme Syringe Flowable Composite Resin—A2, Sao Paulo, Brazil), Group‐3 (rehydrated and bonded by flowable micro‐hybrid composite‐ Ruby Flow, InciDental, England, United Kingdom), and Group‐4 (rehydrated and bonded by light‐cured Glass‐Ionomer‐Cement—Voco Ionoseal, Cuxhaven, Germany). The samples were subjected to a universal testing machine to evaluate the force required to fracture the bonded fragments.ResultsThe highest median value of the force required to fracture was recorded for Group 2 (208.4 N) followed by Group 3 (195.2). The force required to fracture the bonded fragments was lowest in Group 4 (67.2 N) which was lower than the negative control (131.4 N). The differences between the observations in Groups 2 and 3 were not found to be statistically significant.ConclusionThe nano and micro‐hybrid composites showed greater force required to fracture than fragments bonded by LC‐GIC. Dehydrated fragments bonded using nanocomposites performed better than rehydrated fragments bonded by using LC‐GIC.
BCR::ABL1 kinase domain mutation testing and clinical outcome in a nationwide chronic myeloid leukemia patient population
Authors: Kockerols Camille , Valk Peter J. M. , Blijlevens Nicole M. A. , Cornelissen Jan J. , Dinmohamed Avinash G. , Geelen Inge , Hoogendoorn Mels , Janssen Jeroen J. W. M. , Daenen Laura G. M. , Reijden Bert A. van der , Westerweel Peter E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesAcquired missense mutations in the BCR::ABL1 kinase domain (KD) may cause tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment failure. Based on mutation‐specific in vitro derived IC50‐values, alternative TKI may be selected. We assessed clinical practice of BCR::ABL1 KD mutation testing, clinical response in relation to IC50‐values, and clinical outcome of tested patients.MethodsPatients from six Dutch CML reference centers and a national registry were included once a mutational analysis was performed. Reasons for testing were categorized as suboptimal TKI response, and primary or secondary TKI resistance.ResultsFour hundred twenty analyses were performed in 275 patients. Sixty‐nine patients harbored at least one mutation. Most analyses were performed because of suboptimal TKI response but with low mutation incidence (4%), while most mutations were found in primary and secondary resistant patients (21% and 51%, respectively). Harboring a BCR::ABL1 mutation was associated with inferior overall survival (HR 3.2 [95% CI, 1.7–6.1; p < .001]). Clinically observed responses to TKI usually corresponded with the predicted TKI sensitivity based on the IC50‐values, but a high IC50‐value did not preclude a good clinical response per se.ConclusionsWe recommend BCR::ABL1 KD mutation testing in particular in the context of primary or secondary resistance. IC50‐values can direct the TKI choice for CML patients, but clinical efficacy can be seen despite adverse in vitro resistance.
Evaluation of anti‐inflammatory activity of kaurenol: Experimental evaluation and mechanistic insights
Authors: Furtado Ricardo Andrade , Ross Samir A. , de Almeida Junior Silvio , de Mendonça Rafael Paranhos , Bernardes Cristiane Teixeira Vilhena , da Silva Mauro Nogueira , Zoccal Karina Furlani , Faccioli Lúcia Helena , Bastos Jairo Kenupp 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundKaurenol, a diterpene alcohol found in Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (known as “copaiba”), is historically used in traditional medicine for inflammatory conditions.ObjectivesThis study aims to comprehensively assess the potential anti‐inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of kaurenol.MethodsTo this end, the following experiments were conducted to evaluated toxicity: locomotor performance and acute toxicity; nociception: acetic acid‐induced writhing and formalin‐induced antinociception; and anti‐inflammatory activity: carrageenan and dextran‐induced paw edema at 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, and measurement of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) in macrophages at 1, 3, and 9 μg/ml.ResultsKaurenol did not show significant locomotor changes, acute toxicity, and central analgesic activity in the first phase of formalin test at dosages tested. Kaurenol showed 53%, 64%, 64%, and 58% of inhibition in the acetic acid‐induced writhing, second phase of formalin test, carrageenan and dextran‐induced paw edema, respectively.ConclusionThe anti‐inflammatory activity was associated with the regulation of NO release and probably with the regulation of mediators, such as serotonin and prostaglandin in vascular permeability, as well as by being associated with the regulation of IL‐6 and IL‐10. Kaurenol display anti‐inflammatory activity but has no analgesic activity.
A long‐established invasive species alters the functioning of benthic biofilms in lakes
Authors: McKie Brendan G. , Tattersdill Kristina , Ecke Frauke , Frainer André , Sponseller Ryan A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Invasive species often transform environmental conditions, exclude native species and alter ecosystem functioning, including key ecosystem processes underpinning nutrient and energy cycles. However, such impacts have been most documented during periods of invasive species dominance; their influences on functioning at lower relative abundances and after long‐term establishment are less well‐known.

We investigated the effects of Elodea canadensis, a macrophyte native to North America with a long invasion history in many regions of the world, on the biomass accrual and metabolism of littoral zone biofilms growing on organic and inorganic substrates.

We deployed nutrient diffusing substrates (NDS) in 18 replicate transects distributed across six lakes, comprising three invaded by E. canadensis and three uninvaded reference lakes. NDS were amended with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) or N + P together, or were deployed as unamended controls. E. canadensis relative abundance varied widely in the invaded transects, ranging from 13% to 93% of all macrophyte cover.

On control substrates, algal biomass, quantified as Chlorophyll‐a, and gross primary production (GPP) were 42% and 78% greater in the invaded compared to uninvaded lakes, respectively. Respiration rates, attributable to responses of both autotrophs and heterotrophs, were 45% greater on control substrates in invaded lakes. By contrast, N‐limitation of both biofilm GPP and respiration was 25% and 35% greater in uninvaded compared with invaded lakes.

There was no evidence for differences in nutrients, light availability or grazing pressure between invaded and uninvaded transects. Rather, the observed differences in metabolism suggest that the presence of E. canadensis increases availability of N at local scales, reducing N‐limitation of biofilms and resulting in elevated rates of biofilm productivity.

Our results demonstrate that invasive elodeids might have significant impacts on biofilms and processes associated with the cycling of nutrients, even when long‐established and present at lower relative abundances.
The combined effects of treated sewage discharge and land use on rivers
Authors: Albini Dania , Lester Lauren , Sanders Philip , Hughes Jocelyne , Jackson Michelle C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFreshwater ecosystems are increasingly threatened by multiple anthropogenic stressors. Release of treated sewage effluent and pollution from agricultural or urban sources can independently reduce water quality with implications for ecological communities. However, our knowledge of the combined effects of these stressors is limited. We performed a field study to quantify the combined effect of treated sewage discharge and land use on nutrient concentrations, sewage fungus presence and communities of macroinvertebrates and benthic algae. Over three seasons in four rivers we found that a model which included an interaction between sewage pollution and time of the year (i.e. months) was the best predictor of nutrient concentrations and the abundance of algae and sewage fungus. Both macroinvertebrate and algae communities shifted downstream of sewage input. Specifically, more tolerant groups, such as cyanobacteria and oligochaetes, were more abundant. The EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Tricoptera) water quality score was best explained by an interaction between month and agriculture in the surrounding landscape. Overall, our results show that sewage discharge has a significant impact on water quality and benthic riverine communities, regardless of the surrounding land uses. Agricultural inputs, however, could be more important than treated sewage discharge in reducing the abundance of sensitive invertebrate taxa. We need both improvements to wastewater treatment processes and reductions in agricultural pollution to reduce threats to vulnerable freshwater communities.
Drivers of microbially and plant‐derived carbon in topsoil and subsoil
Authors: Huang Weigen , Kuzyakov Yakov , Niu Shuli , Luo Yu , Sun Bo , Zhang Jiabao , Liang Yuting 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlant‐ and microbially derived carbon (C) are the two major sources of soil organic matter (SOM), and their ratio impacts SOM composition, accumulation, stability, and turnover. The contributions of and the key factors defining the plant and microbial C in SOM along the soil profile are not well known. By leveraging nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and biomarker analysis, we analyzed the plant and microbial C in three soil types using regional‐scale sampling and combined these results with a meta‐analysis. Topsoil (0–40 cm) was rich in carbohydrates and lignin (38%–50%), whereas subsoil (40–100 cm) contained more proteins and lipids (26%–60%). The proportion of plant C increases, while microbial C decreases with SOM content. The decrease rate of the ratio of the microbially derived C to plant‐derived C (CM:P) with SOM content was 23%–30% faster in the topsoil than in the subsoil in the regional study and meta‐analysis. The topsoil had high potential to stabilize plant‐derived C through intensive microbial transformations and microbial necromass formation. Plant C input and mean annual soil temperature were the main factors defining CM:P in topsoil, whereas the fungi‐to‐bacteria ratio and clay content were the main factors influencing subsoil CM:P. Combining a regional study and meta‐analysis, we highlighted the contribution of plant litter to microbial necromass to organic matter up to 1‐m soil depth and elucidated the main factors regulating their long‐term preservation.
Identification and functional analysis of Cochliomyia hominivoraxU6 gene promoters
Authors: Novas Rossina , Basika Tatiana , Williamson Megan E. , Fresia Pablo , Menchaca Alejo , Scott Maxwell J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax, is an obligate parasite, which is a major pest of livestock. While the sterile insect technique was used very successfully to eradicate C. hominivorax from North and Central America, more cost‐effective genetic methods will likely be needed in South America. The recent development of CRISPR/Cas9‐based genetic approaches, such as homing gene drive, could provide a very efficient means for the suppression of C. hominivorax populations. One component of a drive system is the guide RNA(s) driven by a U6 gene promoter. Here, we have developed an in vivo assay to evaluate the activity of the promoters from seven C. hominivorax U6 genes. Embryos from the related blowfly Lucilia cuprina were injected with plasmid DNA containing a U6‐promoter‐guide RNA construct and a source of Cas9, either protein or plasmid DNA. Activity was assessed by the number of site‐specific mutations in the targeted gene in hatched larvae. One promoter, Chom U6_b, showed the highest activity. These U6 gene promoters could be used to build CRISPR/Cas9‐based genetic systems for the control of C. hominivorax.
Association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infections during pregnancy and preterm live birth
Authors: Mohanty Sarita , Tita Alan T. , Varner Michael , Stockwell Melissa S. , Newes‐Adeyi Gabriella , Battarbee Ashley N. , Reichle Lawrence , Morrill Tyler , Daugherty Michael , Mourad Mirella , Silverio Francisco Raul A. , Woodworth Kate , Wielgosz Kristina , Galang Romeo , Maniatis Pete , Semenova Vera , Dawood Fatimah S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe examined associations between mild or asymptomatic prenatal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and preterm live birth in a prospective cohort study. During August 2020–October 2021, pregnant persons were followed with systematic surveillance for RT‐PCR or serologically confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection until pregnancy end. The association between prenatal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and preterm birth was assessed using Cox proportional‐hazards regression. Among 954 pregnant persons with a live birth, 185 (19%) had prenatal SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and 123 (13%) had preterm birth. The adjusted hazard ratio for the association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and preterm birth was 1.28 (95% confidence interval 0.82–1.99, p = 0.28), although results did not reach statistical significance.
Neuropsychiatric disorders in adults with atopic dermatitis: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Wan Joy , Wang Sonia , Shin Daniel B. , Syed Maha N. , Abuabara Katrina , Lemeshow Adina R. , Gelfand Joel M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) may be associated with an increased burden of neuropsychiatric outcomes such as anxiety and depression, but longitudinal data on the impact of AD severity is lacking, and a comprehensive assessment of neuropsychiatric disease in adults with AD is needed.ObjectivesDetermine risk of incident neuropsychiatric disease among adults with AD by severity.MethodsA cohort study using electronic health records data from UK general practices from 1994 to 2015. Adults (≥18 years) with AD were matched on age, practice and index date to patients without AD. AD severity was categorized using treatments and dermatology referrals. Outcomes were incident anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), suicidality and completed suicide.ResultsComparing 625,083 adults with AD to 2,678,888 adults without AD, AD was associated with higher risk of anxiety [HR 1.14 (1.13–1.15)], depression [1.14 (1.13–1.15)] and OCD [1.48 (1.38–1.58)] across all severities. Mild or moderate AD was also associated with higher risk of autism, ADHD, bipolar disorder and suicidality.ConclusionsAtopic dermatitis is associated with a higher risk of multiple neuropsychiatric conditions, but these risks differ by specific condition and AD severity. Clinicians should inquire about mental health in patients with AD.
High-performing plastic clones best explain the spread of yellow monkeyflower from lowland to higher elevation areas in New Zealand
Authors: Williamson Michelle , Gerhard Daniel , Hulme Philip E. , Millar Aaron , Chapman Hazel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The relative contribution of adaptation and phenotypic plasticity can vary between core and edge populations, with implications for invasive success. We investigated the spread of the invasive yellow monkeyflower, Erythranthe gutatta in New Zealand, where it is spreading from lowland agricultural land into high-elevation conservation areas. We investigated the extent of phenotypic variation among clones from across the South Island, looked for adaptation and compared degrees of plasticity among lowland core versus montane range-edge populations. We grew 34 clones and measured their vegetative and floral traits in two common gardens, one in the core range at 9 m a.s.l. and one near the range-edge at 560 m a.s.l. Observed trait variation was explained by a combination of genotypic diversity (as identified through common gardens) and high phenotypic plasticity. We found a subtle signature of local adaptation to lowland habitats but all clones were plastic and able to survive and reproduce in both gardens. In the range-edge garden, above-ground biomass was on average almost double and stolon length almost half that of the same clone in the core garden. Clones from low-elevation sites showed higher plasticity on average than those from higher elevation sites. The highest performing clones in the core garden were also top performers in the range-edge garden. These results suggest some highly fit general-purpose genotypes, possibly pre-adapted to New Zealand montane conditions, best explains the spread of E. gutatta from lowland to higher elevation areas.
Abstract
Erythranthe gutatta growing along a roadside in the Lewis Pass, New Zealand. Photo Credit Aaron Millar.
Rapid hyperthyroidism-induced adaptation of salmonid fish in response to environmental pollution
Authors: Esin Evgeny V. , Shulgina Elena V. , Shkil Fedor N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The streams draining volcanic landscapes are often characterized by a complex series of factors that negatively affect hydrobionts and lead to declines in their populations. However, in a number of cases, a range of rapid adaptive changes ensure the resilience of hydrobiont populations. Here, we present both field and experimental data shedding light on the physiological basis of adaptation to heavy metal contamination in populations of Dolly Varden charr (Salvelinus malma) differing in duration of isolation in volcanic streams. The study reveals that isolated populations have a physiological phenotype that distinguishes them from populations inhabiting clean waters. They are characterized by a hyperthyroid status accompanied by an increased metabolic rate, elevated activity of antioxidant enzymes, decreased ionic conductivity of tissues and reduced stored energy reserves. Our experimental data reveal that hyperthyroidism is an adaptive characteristic enhancing the resistance to heavy metal contamination and shaping the evolution of these populations. The similarity of physiological, developmental and morphological changes in isolated populations suggests a common source and mechanisms underpinning this case of ‘evolutionary rescue’. Thus, populations of S. malma trapped in volcanic streams represent a genuine case of rapid endocrine-driven adaptation to changing environmental stimuli.
Abstract
Volcanic heavy metal pollution leads to severe oxidative stress in landlocked fish populations. We found that fish can rapidly develop toxicosis resistance via adaptive physiological and developmental shifts. Alterations of pituitary–thyroid axis activity underlie these adaptive transformations. Thus, neurally driven endocrine changes provide an evolutionary rescue for fish.