bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating Proliferation and Differentiation Capacities of Hanwoo Myosatellite Cells at Different Passages for Developing Cell-Cultured Meat
Authors: Park Sanghun , Park Gyutae , Oh Sehyuk , Park Yunhwan , Kim Yuna , Kim Jaeyoung , Choi Jungseok 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of study was to investigate proliferation and differentiation capacities of Hanwoo myosatellite cells for the development of Hanwoo cell cultures. From P1 to P19, the number of live cells decreased and the cell size increased. It was confirmed that the PAX7 mRNA was higher in P3 than P6 and P9 (p < 0.05). The maximum differentiation score was measured from P1 to P12. The maximum differentiation score maintained high from P1 to P10. Immunostaining was performed for both P1 and P10 cells to investigate differentiation characteristics. And there were no significant differences in differentiation characteristics between P1 and P10 cells. MYOG mRNA was low, whereas C-FOSmRNA was high (p < 0.05) in the late passage. Myosin and Tom20 protein also showed low values in the late passage (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that it is appropriate to use P1 to P10 for the production of cultured meat using Hanwoo muscle cells. If cell culture meat production is performed without differentiation, the passage range may increase further. These results provide basic essential data required for further development of Hanwoo cell cultures, which could provide a valuable source of protein for human populations in the future.
SZC and SPS, which is Better on Hyperkalemia in Dialysis Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Juan , Guo Yanchao , Chen Shibo , Yang Ping , Ning Yong , Yao Ying , Xu Gang , Zhang Meng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) lose the capacity of renal potassium excretion and often suffer from persistent hyperkalemia, especially for those requiring maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) is the most recently approved K + binding agent in China. It is reported SZC is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for pre-dialysis hyperkalemia in patients with ESRD undergoing adequate hemodialysis. We thus conducted a retrospective study to compare the therapeutic efficiency of SZC and sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS, another classic K + binding agent) on hyperkalemia in HD patients. Methods: 38 patients with persistent pre-dialysis hyperkalemia were included, and 18 patients were treated by SZC while 20 patients were treated by SPS. The changes of serum potassium level were followed up for 7 months. Results: We observed that the potassium reducing capacity of SZC and SPS were comparable at the first 3 months, but SZC displayed better long-term therapeutic effect. Conclusion: Our results supported that SZC is a good option for treatment of hard-controlled pre-dialysis hyperkalemia.
Neighborhood characteristics around schools and around students’ homes: Which one affects academic performance the most?
Authors: Requia Weeberb J. , Silva Luciano Moura 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Access to high-quality education is essential for achieving social and economic development, yet academic performance remains a challenge in many low- and middle-income countries, such as Brazil. The neighborhood environment is increasingly recognized as an important factor that can influence academic performance. The existing literature on this topic is limited. Most studies have focused either on the exposure surrounding a student's school or their home. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate the association between neighborhood characteristics around both the student's school and home in the Federal District (FD), Brazil, focusing on green spaces (NDVI and quantity of green spaces), roads (length of roads), and wildfires as potential predictors of academic performance. We analyzed 344,175 students who were enrolled in the public schools (256 schools) of the FD from 2017 to 2020. We employed a mixed-effects regression model to investigate the relationship between individual-level academic performance and the neighborhood characteristics, while controlling for temporal, socioeconomic, and school-specific variables. Our results suggest that neighborhood characteristics represented by green spaces, roads, and wildfires, can have a significant impact on academic performance. We found that some neighborhood characteristics had a stronger association with academic performance when they were located around schools, compared to when they were located around students' homes. For example, the coefficient for NDVI within the buffer of 250m and 500m surrounding schools was estimated to be 2.48 (95%CI: 2.33; 2.63) and 0.59 (95%CI: 0.47; 0.71), respectively, while for NDVI surrounding homes, it was 0.23 (95%CI: 0.15; 0.30) and 0.25 (95%CI: 0.17; 0.33) for the buffer of 250m and 500m, respectively. Our study provides valuable insights into the potential role of neighborhood characteristics in promoting academic performance, which could inform urban planning and public policy aimed at improving educational outcomes.
Aflatoxin M1 causes cytotoxicity and intestinal epithelial cell integrity damage in differentiated human Caco-2 cells
Authors: Kumar Lal Krishan , Verma Surya Kant , Chandel Rajeev , Thumar Meet , Singh Dheer , Onteru Suneel Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a mycotoxin that is commonly found as a milk contaminant, and its presence in milk has been linked to cytotoxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the acute cytotoxic effects of AFM1 on intestinal CaCo2 cells. Initially, we checked the morphology and viability of CaCo2 cells after treatment with different concentrations of AFM1 (5ng/L, 50ng/L, 250ng/L, 500ng/L, 1000ng/L, and 2000ng/L) for different time intervals (6hrs, 12hrs, and 24hrs). It was found that AFM1 didn’t show any effect on cell morphology and viability. Further, DCFDA assay showed increased ROS production after 6hrs treatments. qPCR analysis showed an increased expression of epithelial specific cytoskeleton markers Cytokeratin, Villin, Vimentin, and JAM1, and a decreased expression of tight junction proteins, Claudin, Occludin, and ZO1. Similarly, we found an increased expression of Cyp1a1 transcript with an increasing AFM1 concentration and incubation time. This gene expression analysis showed AFM1 can causes disruption of gap junctions between intestinal cells, which was further confirmed by a transwell experiment. In conclusion, consumption of AFM1-contaminated milk doesn’t show any effect on cells morphology and viability but decreases the expression of intestinal barrier transcripts that may leads to the disruption of intestinal barrier function and leaky gut.
Exposing the molecular heterogeneity of glycosylated biotherapeutics
Authors: Schachner Luis , Mullen Christopher , Phung Wilson , Hinkle Joshua , Beardsley Michelle Irwin , Bentley Tracy , Day Peter , Tsai Christina , Sukumaran Siddharth , Baginski Tomasz , DiCara Danielle , Agard Nicholas , Masureel Matthieu , Gober Joshua , ElSohly Adel , Syka John , Huguet Romain , Marty Michael , Sandoval Wendy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Glycosylated biotherapeutics are an emerging class of drugs with high molecular heterogeneity, which can affect their safety and efficacy. Characterizing this heterogeneity is crucial for drug development and quality assessment, but existing methods are limited in their ability to analyze intact glycoproteins. Here, we present a new approach to glycoform fingerprinting that uses proton-transfer charge-reduction with gas-phase fractionation to analyze intact glycoproteins by mass spectrometry. The method provides a detailed landscape of the intact molecular weights present in biotherapeutic protein preparations in a single experiment and offers insights into glycoform composition when coupled with a suitable bioinformatic strategy. We tested the approach on various biotherapeutic molecules, including Fc-fusion, VHH-fusion, and peptide-bound MHC class II complexes to demonstrate efficacy in measuring the proteoform-level diversity of biotherapeutics. Notably, we inferred the glycoform distribution for hundreds of molecular weights for the eight-times glycosylated fusion drug IL22-Fc, enabling correlations between glycoform sub-populations and the drug’s pharmacological properties. Our method is broadly applicable and provides a powerful tool to assess the molecular heterogeneity of emerging biotherapeutics.
Research on Trusted Security Protection Method for Edge Computing Environment
Authors: Wang Jie , Xu Jiangpei , Li Jing , Xu Chao , Xie Huihui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, edge computing technology has been gradually applied to some special business scenarios, such as disaster area rescue and forest fire warning. These application scenarios have certain requirements on the delay of task processing, and need enough network connection and computing resources. Due to the lack of ground network infrastructure, the traditional edge computing scheme can no longer fully meet the needs of users. However, the virtualized environment in cloud computing not only brings convenient services to users, but also faces security threats from different levels. The increasingly rich attack means and the widening of attack surface caused by virtualization have brought new challenges to the security protection of edge computing environment. How to build a secure and credible virtualization environment for cloud computing and alleviate users' concerns about cloud computing security has become an urgent problem to be solved in the further development of cloud computing technology. Based on the analysis of security risks and users' security requirements, this paper puts forward the combination of trusted computing and trust model in cloud computing, to build a safe and credible virtualization environment for users. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only guarantees the validity of the trust model, but also reduces the resource overhead of edge devices in the process of trust evaluation.
Developing Classifiers by Considering Sentiment Analysis of Reported Bugs for Priority Prediction
Authors: Singh Anisha , Kapur P.K. , Singh V.B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Software systems behave abnormally due to bugs when it comes into the operational phase. Lack of proper understanding of customer requirements, implementation, knowledge, wrong algorithmic designing, and other issue is also the reason for bug production. To fix those flaws, developers request to the users for feedback. Users have had issues with the software systems that have been released. Users are encouraged to submit their issues to issue-tracking systems such as Bugzilla, Mantis, Google Code Issue Tracker, GitHub Issue Tracker, and Jira to improve the next version of the product and meet user needs. Manual prioritization is time-consuming and inconvenient. In this research paper, we propose using sentiment analysis to anticipate the report's priority. This is the first time the sentiment-based approach used for a bug report to prioritize prediction on open-source projects. First, we take the bug report summary and use natural language pre-processing techniques to clean the text and pre-process the bug report. Second, sentiment analysis is applied to clean texts that contain sentiments of terms. Third, we use TF-IDF to construct a feature vector for bug reports, fourth, we used resampling techniques to balance the dataset, and then we used different machine learning classifiers to train historical data namely Bugzilla open-source projects to forecast their priority. The proposed method improves the performance of the classifier in comparison with the methods available in the literature.
Patients' perspectives on informational needs surrounding gender affirming vaginoplasty
Authors: Millman Alexandra , Gabela Armin , Acar Omer , Morgantini Luca 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Gender-affirming vaginoplasty lacks universally adopted guidelines for perioperative management. With this study, we sought to determine what information patients seek through their surgical journey, as well as the methods by which they prefer to receive this information.
Methods: An anonymous survey was emailed to 30 patients who underwent gender-affirming vaginoplasty between September 2018 and September 2020. The survey was composed of Likert-scale items that explored the importance of various topics. Patients were also asked from whom and how they received information on specific topics, as well as where they would prefer to get it from. Descriptive statistics and qualitative thematic analyses were used to analyse responses.
Results: Seventeen individuals completed the questionnaire (56.6% response rate). All topics received an average rating of moderately important or higher (≧ 3 out of 5 on the Likert scale). Of 30 pre-operative topics queried, participants preferred to receive information in written form for 29 topics (97%), and from the surgeon for 27 topics (90%). Thematic analysis revealed five main themes: recovery process, satisfaction, trust in healthcare providers, information delivery, and neovaginal dilation and depth.
Conclusion: Individuals undergoing gender-affirming vaginoplasty have extensive informational needs and seek this information from their surgical team directly with a combination of written resources and verbal discussion. Participants were especially interested in the importance of neovaginal dilation and being aware of possible complications. Additionally, the importance of cultural competence and building trust with healthcare professionals were key findings in this study, echoing a call for more inclusive providers.
Study on the storage performance of MG30/NRL co-blended latexes
Authors: Chen Fanfan , Xiao Yao , Yan Sitong , Fang Lin , wang zhifen , Liao Jianhe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Modifying natural rubber latex (NRL) and blending it with NRL can improve NRL performance and expand application fields. The performance of co-blended latex will change due to changes in non-rubber components during storage. Therefore, it is important to study the change of properties during the storage of co-blended latexes. In this paper, 30% methyl methacrylate grafted natural rubber (MG30) was synthesized by cumene hydroperoxide/ tetraethylenepentamine (CHPO/TEPA) initiating system, MG30 and NRL were mixed in different proportions to study the morphology and physical and mechanical properties, and the colloidal properties and emulsion properties of co-blended latexes were studied during storage. The results showed that the mechanical stability of NRL and co-blended latexes were high and the viscosity gradually increased during storage. The study of the vulcanization characteristics of the co-blended latexes films and the physical and mechanical properties of the vulcanized latex films showed that the vulcanization time of the co-blended films increased and the torque value increased in comparison to NRL. With the increase of MG30 content, the tensile strength and tear strength of the co-blended latexes vulcanized films showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing, and the co-blended film with 10% MG30 showed the best mechanical properties.
Fisher’s resilience: preparedness, coping capacity, and adaptation capacity in Surigao del Sur, Philippines
Authors: Macusi Edison D. , Laya-og Manilyn E. , Maynawang Imee S. , Macusi Erna S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Fishing communities depend on natural resources to fulfill their livelihood needs, making them more vulnerable during climatic events. However, despite the impacts brought by climate hazards, fishing communities have adaptation strategies and the capacity to be resilient. The study assessed fishing communities' exposure and capacity to adapt to various climatic events by determining their resilience to natural hazards. A focus group discussion (N = 80) and stakeholder meetings (N = 100) were conducted to assess the resilience of fishers in selected fishing villages in Surigao del Sur. A total of six fishing villages with 10–15 fisher participants attended the focus groups. Twelve behavioral indicators were used for the three components of resilience: preparedness, coping, and adaptive capacity. The finding shows that Habag and Nurcia were most exposed to climate hazards among fishing villages in Surigao del Sur, with an average of 3.14. However, Nurcia village had the highest average of 3.33 in preparedness capacity, such as conducting training and seminars on climate hazard awareness. In addition, Nurcia also had the highest average of 4.00 in coping capacity, such as having communication connectedness through an active organization. Overall, Nurcia was the most resilient to climate hazards. Despite their exposure to natural hazards and stressors, fishers in the communities have common connectedness that helps them recover easily and take necessary actions to mitigate the impacts of natural hazards. The local government units should be more active in providing relevant policies, regulations, and assistance to help affected areas during natural hazards.
Finding the missing many: improving Tuberculosis care in Kajiado county through active case finding and community approaches
Authors: Morino Gianfranco , Mulongo Caleb Mike , Cattaneo Paolo , De Vita Maria Vittoria , Paone Gabriele , Scarlata Simone , Gobbi Federico , Kinyita Salome , Odhiambo Hillary 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background

Tuberculosis leads among infectious disease killers globally. Despite advancements in TB care, access to quality care remains inequitable to the disadvantage of those in rural and urban informal settlements. The Awareness, Traditions, and Innovation in combating Tuberculosis (ATI TB) project incorporated active case finding (ACF), use of GeneXpert technology and decentralized services to improve TB care in Kajiado County. This study sought to establish the impact of the project as well as implementation lessons learnt during its tenure in Kajiado County, Kenya.
Methods
This evaluation adopted a mixed-methods approach with retrospective cohort analysis for the quantitative data and qualitative data sought through key informant interviews with 28 purposively sampled respondents. The qualitative data was analyzed thematically using Taguette while quantitative data was analyzed using R Software yielding descriptive statistics and measures of association.
Results
While the males were a minority among the presumptive cases (623; 46%), they were the majority (59.3%) among the confirmed TB cases. 70% of the confirmed cases were aged between 15 and 44 years; with those aged between 25- and 34-years being majority (30% of the cases). Majority of the confirmed cases within the project were from rural Kajiado West (79; 66.9%). Though 61% of the presumptive cases were through ACF, only 7% of these tested positive. Conversely, 13% of the self-referrals tested positive. 53% (66) of the positive cases with valid data were self-referrals while ACF accounted for 47% (58) of the positives. Pulmonary TB relapses declined from 95% to 88%, while extrapulmonary TB relapses more than doubled from 2% to 5%.
Conclusion
Continued capacity development among health workers, sustained and targeted sensitization and screening among vulnerable groups, strategic collaborations, alongside increased budgetary prioritization of health and TB care by government and partners, and government investments in Social Determinants of Health can ensure gains in TB care are sustained.
Trend Analysis of Sanitation Service Users in Urban Areas of India: Examining Access, Quality, and Sustainability
Authors: Singh Rajat , Das Vinay Mohan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This research paper examines the growing trend of sanitation service users in urban areas of India and how it compares to the rate of urbanization. In India, the provision of basic urban sanitation services is the responsibility of the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs). However, these ULBs have often been unable to provide these services in all parts of the city, leading to the development of unsustainable alternative options by local communities. An examination of the existing service users in urban areas revealed valuable information on how the growth of service users has changed over the past 20 years, with a decrease in unhygienic sanitation practices being observed. The major areas of focus were access to urban sanitation service quality, type of service delivery, and wastewater discharge systems. The literature reviewed provided insight into the sustainability aspects of services by highlighting several factors that affect access to sanitation services, including distance, settlement size, population density, economic condition, production/resource location, service charge, improper planning, and people's acceptance of infrastructure. Data collected on these areas were used for comparative growth trend analysis of the sustainable services with the growth rate of other alternative infrastructures developed by people. The study also examines the impact of the Swachh Bharath (Clean India) Mission on urban sanitation service users and finds that the growth rate of unhygienic sanitation services decreased more rapidly following the launch of the Swachh Bharath Mission. The study aims to identify the current practices of sanitation services in urban areas of India and forecast the number of users for these services in the next 20 years. This projection is based on the mathematical calculation of the Compound Average Growth Rate (CAGR). Additionally, the study identifies environmentally harmful service delivery systems in the field of sanitation, examines their growth trends, optimistically predicts the year in which these services will no longer exist, and prescribes the growth rate of services needed to achieve this situation along with the associated cost.
Adversarial Attack-Resilient Perception Module for Traffic Sign Classification
Authors: Majumder Reek , Chowdhury Mashrur , Khan Sakib Mahmud , Khan Zadid , Ahmed Fahim , Ngeni Frank , Comert Gurcan , Mwakalonge Judith , Michalaka Dimitra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Deep Learning (DL)-based image classification models are essential for autonomous vehicle (AV) perception modules since incorrect categorization might have severe repercussions. Adversarial attacks are widely studied cyberattacks that can lead DL models to predict inaccurate output, such as incorrectly classified traffic signs by the perception module of an autonomous vehicle. In this study, we create and compare Hybrid Classical-Quantum Deep Learning (HCQ-DL) models with Classical Deep Learning (C-DL) models to demonstrate robustness against adversarial attacks for perception modules. Before feeding them into the quantum system, we used transfer learning models like AlexNet and VGG-16 as feature extractors. We tested over 1000 quantum circuits in our HCQ-DL models for Projected Gradient Descent (PGD), Fast Gradient Sign Attack (FGSA), and Gradient Attack (GA), which are three well-known untargeted adversarial approaches. We evaluated the performance of all models during adversarial attack and no-attack scenarios. Our HCQ-DL models maintain accuracy above 95% during a no-attack scenario and above 91% for GA and FGSA attacks, which is higher than C-DL models. During the PGD attack, our AlexNet-based HCQ-DL model maintained an accuracy of 85% compared to C-DL models that achieved accuracies below 21%.