bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on a predetermined point of failure for stainless steel 316L pressure loaded components made by laser powder bed fusion through stress analysis and experimental testing
Authors: Ringel Björn , Schwarz David , Vu Hoang Minh , Meiniger Steffen , Schlick Georg , Seidel Christian , Oechsner Matthias 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe qualification process of pressure vessels in general is subject to governmental restrictions. Thus, introducing additive manufacturing (AM) components to the market is challenging due to incomplete standardization. To increase component safety and trust, predetermined points of failure can be integrated by design using direct manufacturing methods. A predetermined point of failure using a surface notch is one option to avoid dangerous part failure (e.g. explosion) and increase safety. For implementation, a design approach with experimental proof of concept is striven to guide manufacturers and demonstrate the behavior of the material and the component as a whole. Finite element analysis is used for investigations on the influence of surface notch geometries applied to wall structures on structural stress super-elevation. Analytical strength assessment using FKM guideline and experimental validation of PBF-LB/M-manufactured specimen behavior by static axial tensile and burst testing is carried out. Fracture surface and plastic elongation evaluation using light microscopy and 3-D surface scanning clarify the material behavior. The analytical and experimental approval of an integrated predetermined point of failure for static overload is achieved without reducing the maximum burst pressure value. The integration fulfills all theoretical requirements for structural strength. All tested specimens meet the expectations regarding static strength and failure behavior. As expected, component elongation decreases using surface notches for failure provocation. Results lead to a proposed guideline for the application of an integrated predetermined point of failure by the use of a surface notch.
Part-of-Speech and Pragmatic Tagging of a Corpus of Film Dialogue: A Pilot Study
Authors: Galiano Liviana , Semeraro Alfonso 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article presents how a pilot study for automatically POS-tagging a corpus of orthographic transcriptions of film dialogues (Pavia Corpus of Film Dialogue) was dealt with and the related issues solved. The software CLAWS4, which is freely available on UCREL’s website, was used for the sake of comparability with reference corpora such as the BNC (both 1994 and 2014) and all the English corpora available on english-corpora.org (former BYU interface). The study highlights that automatic POS-tagging needs readjusting when applied to film dialogue and the accuracy of the tagging greatly benefits from the introduction of tags for pragmatic categories. This integrated approach of grammatical and pragmatic automatic tagging was realised through the writing of a Python script which post-processes the data output of CLAWS4.
The reliability of a frailty index may depend on the deficits included
Authors: Verwiel Anna Martine Petronella , Pulvermann Martin , Smit Nadine Heleen , Melis René Johannes Franciscus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Recently, a short version of the TOPICS-MDS questionnaire, the Short Form (SF) was developed. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of two versions of a frailty index (FI) based on this SF: with or without information on present diseases included.

Methods
This was a clinical, prospective study of geriatric patients. An FI based on the TOPICS-SF items alone (SF-FI) and an FI with the disease information as additional deficits (MDS-FI) were calculated. Criterion and construct validity and reliability were assessed.

Results
95 patients were included. A strong correlation was found between SF-FI and MDS-FI scores (Pearson’s r = 0.92). Data supported four out of six hypotheses for the construct validity. However, a Bland–Altman plot and a regression analysis showed that the SF-FI was generally higher than the MDS-FI.

Conclusion
This study indicates that the reliability of the TOPICS-SF-FI depends on the presence of disease information.
A New Surface Node Method to Accurately Model the Mechanical Behavior of the Boundary in 3D State-Based Peridynamics
Authors: Scabbia Francesco , Zaccariotto Mirco , Galvanetto Ugo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPeridynamics is a non-local continuum theory capable of modeling crack initiation and propagation in solid bodies. However, the layer near the boundary of the body exhibits a stiffness fluctuation due to the so-called surface effect and the inaccurate way of imposing the boundary conditions. Moreover, in numerical models discretized using the meshfree method with uniform grid spacing, there are no nodes on the external surface of the body where the boundary conditions should be applied. Inspired by the method of the fictitious nodes with the Taylor-based extrapolation, we propose an innovative method that introduces a new type of nodes lying on the external surface of the body, i.e., the surface nodes. These nodes represent the interactions between the nodes within the body and the fictitious nodes surrounding the body, and they are used to mitigate the surface effect and properly impose the boundary conditions via the concept of force flux. Moreover, a procedure to compute the analytical solution of peridynamic problems is developed: a manufactured displacement field is prescribed and the volume and surface forces, to obtain that displacement field, are computed. The benefits of the surface node method are shown by means of several 2D and 3D quasi-static examples by comparing the numerical results with other methods with or without boundary corrections.
Integrating multiomics data accelerates elucidation of plant primary and secondary metabolic pathways
Authors: Zhu Feng , Wen Weiwei , Cheng Yunjiang , Alseekh Saleh , Fernie Alisdair R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPlants are the most important sources of food for humans, as well as supplying many ingredients that are of great importance for human health. Developing an understanding of the functional components of plant metabolism has attracted considerable attention. The rapid development of liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry, has allowed the detection and characterization of many thousands of metabolites of plant origin. Nowadays, elucidating the detailed biosynthesis and degradation pathways of these metabolites represents a major bottleneck in our understanding. Recently, the decreased cost of genome and transcriptome sequencing rendered it possible to identify the genes involving in metabolic pathways. Here, we review the recent research which integrates metabolomic with different omics methods, to comprehensively identify structural and regulatory genes of the primary and secondary metabolic pathways. Finally, we discuss other novel methods that can accelerate the process of identification of metabolic pathways and, ultimately, identify metabolite function(s).
Thermodynamic analysis of two evaporator vapor compression refrigeration system with low GWP refrigerants in automobiles
Authors: Khatoon Salma , Karimi Munawar Nawab 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to the growing demand for refrigerators and air conditioners in automobiles, there is a need for an innovative and efficient design to achieve both refrigeration and air conditioning. To address this, the present work has evaluated a two-evaporator vapor compression system to eliminate the requirement for separate refrigeration and air conditioning units. Theoretical energy and exergy performance assessment of the same is carried out along with the variation in the condenser and evaporators temperature. Various low GWP refrigerants such as R1234yf, HFO1336mzz(Z), R513A, and R450A are compared against high GWP R134a and R452A. The results reveal that maximum exergy efficiency and COP and lowest compressor power of 31.50%, 2.47, and 6.304 kW, respectively, are obtained with HFO1336mzz(Z). After HFO1336mzz(Z), R134a shows the highest exergy efficiency and COP of 30.56% and 2.41, respectively, and the lowest compressor power of 5.61kW. HFO1336mzz(Z) exhibits the optimum performance, whereas R452A shows the worst thermodynamic performance in the system. It is also found that the performance of R450, R513A, R450A, and R1234yf is approximately equivalent to each other. Moreover, component-wise exergy destruction analyses indicate that the efficiency of the compressor needs to be improved as the maximum destruction of 61.84–56.00% occurs in the compressor while the minimum exergy destruction of 0.42–0.54% occurs in the expansion valve. This study proposes the two-evaporator system for both refrigeration and air conditioning in automobiles. It is also found that R450A, R1234yf, R513A, and HFO1336mzz(Z) can be the potential alternative to R134a.
The Stacked Community Engagement model: A practical model for developing community-engaged academic medical faculty
Authors: Johnston Bryan , Ruffalo Leslie , Nelson David , O’Connor Sarah , Petterson Erika , Young Staci 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
There is an increasing recognition of the benefits of sustained community engagement (CE) that accrue to academic health centers and the communities they serve. However, the success and sustainability of CE projects rely on the efforts of individual faculty, learners, and community members, for whom CE efforts are typically added to their professional and personal priorities and responsibilities. This competition for time and resources between priorities and CE can discourage academic medical faculty from participating in CE activities. The Stacked Community Engagement model is proposed to synergize or “stack” responsibilities and goals onto the scaffolding of CE projects.

Methods:
We examined the literature and expert CE practitioner opinion to identify the challenges faced by community-engaged academic faculty and the key characteristics of CE projects that successfully align and integrate with the priorities of faculty, learners, and community members. We synthesized this information to develop the conceptual Stacked CE model for developing CE academic medical faculty, then illustrated the model in heterogeneous CE programs to explore its generalizability, validity, and robustness.

Results:
The Stacked CE model, when applied to a specific nutrition education program (The Food Doctors) and outreach program (StreetLife Communities), provided a practical framework for examining the sustained success of a partnership between Medical College of Wisconsin faculty and medical students and the community.

Conclusions:
The Stacked CE model is a meaningful framework for developing community-engaged academic medical faculty. By identifying overlap and integrating CE into professional activities with intention, CE practitioners can benefit from the deeper connections and sustainability.
In or Out? Identifying the Factors Playing a Role in Covid-19 Decision Making in Turkiye
Authors: Ankara Hasan Giray , Degerli Havvana , Degerli Hakan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The study aimed at investigating the social, demographic, and economic factors affecting Covid-19 vaccine decisions before the vaccination started in Turkey. The study also aimed to understand the attitudes towards Covid-19 vaccines.

Methods:
The study was conducted by exploiting the data of 693 individuals living in Turkey. The data was collected via a virtually applied questionnaire according to snowball sampling in late 2020 when the vaccination program had not started in Turkey yet. Multinomial logistic regression design was used to identify the factors affecting Covid-19 vaccine decisions.

Results:
It was observed that Covid-19 vaccine acceptance was notably low before the vaccination started in Turkey. Further, almost 50% of the participants were indecisive about getting vaccinated. It was identified that age, gender, educational status, and residential status, as well as occupational status, the number of dependents, smoking, and the vaccination of governmental authorities, have associations with Covid-19 vaccination decisions.

Conclusions:
Covid-19 vaccine acceptance is generally low, although it is relatively high among vulnerable groups (i.e., the elderly and smokers), and among those who are unable to isolate themselves. In addition, the vaccination of governmental authorities is remarkably effective on Covid-19 vaccine acceptance in Turkey.
MANAGING SCOTLAND’S BORDERS AFTER INDEPENDENCE AND EUROPEAN UNION ACCESSION
Authors: Hayward Katy , McEwen Nicola , Komarova Milena 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBrexit has both increased the momentum towards Scottish independence and complicated what it could mean in practice, especially if Scotland rejoins the European Union (EU). EU accession would re-open the flow of goods, people, services and capital between Scotland and other EU member-states; a corollary of this, however, would be new restrictions on movement between Scotland and its non-EU neighbours. Effective border management entails a variety of ‘at the border’ and ‘behind the border’ processes. As much as these would require dedicated infrastructure and trained personnel, they would ultimately depend upon reliable data/information and good communication among myriad agencies, including on the other side of the border. Fundamentally, the nature and form of the border controls would be determined largely by the relationship that an independent Scotland had with the remainder of the UK—and, principally, on the relationship that the UK develops with the EU.
Perfectionism-related variations in error processing in a task with increased response selection complexity
Authors: Mattes André , Mück Markus , Stahl Jutta 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Perfectionists strive for a flawless performance because they are intrinsically motivated to set and achieve high goals (personal standards perfectionism; PSP) and/or because they are afraid to be negatively evaluated by others (evaluative concern perfectionism; ECP). We investigated the differential relationships of these perfectionism dimensions with performance, post-response adaptation, error processing (reflected by two components of the event-related potential: error/correct negativity – Ne/c; error/correct positivity – Pe/c) and error detection. In contrast to previous studies, we employed a task with increased response selection complexity providing more room for perfectionistic dispositions to manifest themselves. Although ECP was related to indicators of increased preoccupation with errors, high-EC perfectionists made more errors than low-EC perfectionists. This observation may be explained by insufficient early error processing as indicated by a reduced Ne/c effect and a lack of post-response adaptation. PSP had a moderating effect on the relationship between ECP and early error processing. Our results provide evidence that pure-EC perfectionists may spend many of their cognitive resources on error-related contents and worrying, leaving less capacity for cognitive control and thus producing a structural lack of error processing.
CHARACTERISATION AND CHOICE OF LAW FOR KNOWING RECEIPT
Authors: Chong Adeline 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKnowing receipt requires the satisfaction of disparate elements under English domestic law. Its characterisation under domestic law is also unsettled. These in turn affect the issues of characterisation and choice of law at the private international law level, as knowing receipt sits at the intersection of the laws of equity, restitution, wrongs and property. This article argues that under the common law knowing receipt ought to be considered as sui generis for choice of law purposes and governed by the law of closest connection to the claim. Where the Rome II Regulation applies, knowing receipt fits better within the tort rather than unjust enrichment category and the escape clause in Article 4(3) of the Regulation ought to apply.
THE COLONIALITY OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT LAW IN THE COMMONWEALTH CARIBBEAN
Authors: Haynes Jason , Hippolyte Antonius 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article argues that although most Caribbean States have in the last 60 years ascended to statehood, colonialism continues to exist in new and variable forms. It relies upon the concept of ‘coloniality’ as advanced by Schneiderman to contend that the international investment law regime, whose history and evolution is rooted in colonialism, relentlessly pursues the economic interests of foreign investors and capital-exporting countries. It draws important connections between historic colonialism and the contemporary regime for the protection of foreign direct investment by situating the Caribbean's experience in the light of the rationales, tropes and methods arising in the past which endure in investment law's domains, as advanced by Schneiderman in his new book, Investment Law's Alibis, namely (a) profitability and privilege; (b) a discourse of improvement; (c) distrust of local self-rule; and (d) construction of legal enclaves. It is argued that each of these features of colonial rule, from a Caribbean perspective, is inscribed in the discourse and practices of the international investment law regime.
Ferric hemebin aqueous micellar and vesicular systems: state-of-the-art and challenges
Authors: Cvjetan Nemanja , Walde Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFerric hemeb(= ferric protoporphyrin IX = hemin) is an important prosthetic group of different types of enzymes, including the intensively investigated and widely applied horseradish peroxidase (HRP). In HRP, hemin is present in monomeric form in a hydrophobic pocket containing among other amino acid side chains the two imidazoyl groups of His170 and His42. Both amino acids are important for the peroxidase activity of HRP as an axial ligand of hemin (proximal His170) and as an acid/base catalyst (distal His42). A key feature of the peroxidase mechanism of HRP is the initial formation of compound I under heterolytic cleavage of added hydrogen peroxide as a terminal oxidant. Investigations of free hemin dispersed in aqueous solution showed that different types of hemin dimers can form, depending on the experimental conditions, possibly resulting in hemin crystallization. Although it has been recognized already in the 1970s that hemin aggregation can be prevented in aqueous solution by using micelle-forming amphiphiles, it remains a challenge to prepare hemin-containing micellar and vesicular systems with peroxidase-like activities. Such systems are of interest as cheap HRP-mimicking catalysts for analytical and synthetic applications. Some of the key concepts on which research in this fascinating and interdisciplinary field is based are summarized, along with major accomplishments and possible directions for further improvement. A systematic analysis of the physico-chemical properties of hemin in aqueous micellar solutions and vesicular dispersions must be combined with a reliable evaluation of its catalytic activity. Future studies should show how well the molecular complexity around hemin in HRP can be mimicked by using micelles or vesicles. Because of the importance of hemebin virtually all biological systems and the fact that porphyrins and hemes can be obtained under potentially prebiotic conditions, ideas exist about the possible role of heme-containing micellar and vesicular systems in prebiotic times.
‘TIME BLOWN UP HERE AND THERE’: FORM AND RHYTHM IN HANS ABRAHAMSEN'S LET ME TELL YOU EXPLORED
Authors: Black Sebastian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHans Abrahamsen and Paul Griffith's let me tell you has been received with unusual adulation since its premiere in 2013. This article explores the work's place within the broader context of European literature, music and art, before shifting to a consideration of the piece's subtle hybrid form and its unique rhythmic structures. Abrahamsen's great interest in close (but not exact) symmetrical relationships is considered at some length, and the influence of figures ranging from St Augustine to Joyce, Bach to Webern, Caspar David Friedrich to Per Kirkeby is also observed. Extensive conversations with the composer in recent years provide primary material, and Abrahamsen's fascination with the musical properties of time – its construction and its destruction – displayed in these conversations has informed the decision to structure the article around these twin properties of form and rhythm.
Hepatitis B burden and population immunity in a high endemicity city – a geographically random household epidemiology study for evaluating achievability of elimination
Authors: Wong Ngai Sze , Chan Denise Pui Chung , Poon Chin Man , Chan Chin Pok , Lau Leonia Hiu Wan , Yeoh Eng-Kiong , Lee Shui Shan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to provide reference for evaluating the achievability of hepatitis B virus (HBV) elimination in a high endemicity city with universal neonatal vaccination in place for over 30 years. Between September 2018 and October 2020, 2085 citizens from 1143 geographically random households in Hong Kong completed a questionnaire and had blood-testing for HBV markers (anti-HBs, HBsAg, anti-HBc, HBeAg). We evaluated the epidemiology and examined factors associated with HBV exposure, vaccination and chronic diseases. The proportion of households with HBsAg positive index participants was 9.2% (95% CI 7.5%–10.9%). The age- and sex-adjusted HBsAg prevalence was 6.3% (95% CI 5.3%–7.4%), compared to >10% in those born in 1960-1970 and among non-local born citizens, and <1% in people born after introduction of neonatal vaccination. Among 155 HBsAg positive participants, 59% were aware of their infection status with 10% on treatment and 10/150 (6.7%) HBeAg positive. More than 40% (872/2064) tested negative for both HBsAg and anti-HBs, contributed by the lack of immunity in older adults and the waning immunity of vaccines. Hong Kong has remained at high-intermediate HBV endemicity state. The moderate level of anti-HBs positivity and very low treatment coverage (10%) among HBsAg positive participants pose challenges for achieving the HBV elimination target.
Scientific uncertainty — how should it be handled in relation to scientific advice regarding animal welfare issues?
Authors: Sandøe P , Forkman B , Christiansen SB 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe provision of advice on animal welfare is an important part of the work of scientists in applied ethology, neurophysiology, veterinary epidemiology and other disciplines. Those who request guidance often expect advice that will help them to make progress in difficult discussions. Scientists want to live up to these expectations, but it is also important for them to clarify any scientific limitations. They are normally aware of limits to their advice, but these limits are sometimes not explicitly stated. Using the phrase broadly, we call this kind of limitation ‘scientific uncertainty’. We distinguish between the following four types of uncertainty: I) Ontological uncertainty, relating to the existence of animal feelings and other states relevant for animal welfare. 2) Conceptual uncertainty, stemming from the fact that some of the concepts used in animal welfare science are value-laden if used outside a narrow scientific context. 3) Lack of scientific evidence, stemming from a lack of scientific data on the problem in question. 4) Uncertainty about priorities, relating to the practical conclusions to be drawn in a situation with an open-ended set of ethical and other practical considerations. Scientific uncertainty is unavoidable. It is therefore essential, when giving scientific advice, to state the assumptions on which the advice is based. This makes scientific advice more objective, but also of more limited value to those who do not share the underlying assumptions.