bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurosurgical interventions for cancer pain
Authors: Alamri Alexander , Mostofi Abteen , Pereira Erlick AC 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of Review
Half of all cancer patients will develop cancer-related pain, and a fifth of these patients will continue to experience pain refractory to maximal pharmacological therapy. This, together with the opioid crisis, has prompted a resurgence in neurosurgical treatments. Neuromodulatory or neuroablative procedures are largely used for various nonmalignant, chronic pain conditions, but there is growing evidence to support their use in cancer pain. This review aims to cover the main neurosurgical treatments that may prove useful in the changing sphere of cancer pain treatment.

Recent Findings
Neuromodulation techniques for pain have largely replaced neuroablation in neurosurgical practice due to the higher risk of inadvertent permanent neurological deficits from the latter. When compared to neuroablative approaches for severe treatment-refractory cancer pain, neuromodulation is more expensive (largely due to implant cost) and requires more follow-up, with greater engagement needed from the health service, the patient and their carers. Furthermore, neuroablation has a more rapid onset of effect.

Summary
Neuromodulation techniques for pain have largely replaced neuroablation in neurosurgical practice due to the higher risk of inadvertent permanent neurological deficits from the latter. Whilst this approach is beneficial when treating nonmalignant pain, neuromodulation in patients with pain related to advanced cancer still has a limited role. Neuroablative procedures are less expensive, require less follow-up, and can have a lower burden on health services, patients and their carers.
Patient-reported outcomes versus proxy-reported outcomes in supportive and palliative care: a summary of recent literature
Authors: Oldenburger Eva , Devlies Julie , Callens Dylan , De Roo Maaike L. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of the review
Patient-reported outcomes are one of the most valuable clinical outcome measures. In palliative care, however, they are often difficult to retrieve. Therefore, proxy-reported outcomes are sometimes used as a surrogate. As there have been concerns about the validity of these by-proxy reports, the authors reviewed the most recent literature for the most recent insights in using proxy-reported outcomes.

Recent findings
The authors found very little new research on patient versus proxy-reported outcomes in palliative care. The results of the studies the authors found seem to correlate with older evidence concluding that there are many factors influencing a discrepancy between patients’ outcomes and how this is perceived by their proxies, such as the well-being paradox, caregiver burden, and the proxies’ own mental well-being.

Summary
While proxies’ opinions and knowledge of the patients’ values are important factors to consider, proxy-reported outcomes should be used with caution and viewed as a complementary perspective rather than a true substitute for the individual patient’s outcome.
Burn excision within 48 hours portends better outcomes than standard management: A nationwide analysis
Authors: Ramsey Walter A. , O'Neil Christopher F. , Corona Andres M. , Cohen Brianna L. , Lyons Nicole B. , Meece Matthew S. , Saberi Rebecca A. , Gilna Gareth P. , Satahoo Shevonne S. , Kaufman Joyce I. , Schulman Carl I. , Namias Nicholas , Proctor Kenneth G. , Pizano Louis R. 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND
Previous studies have debated the optimal time to perform excision and grafting of second- and third-degree burns. The current consensus is that excision should be performed before the sixth hospital day. We hypothesize that patients who undergo excision within 48 hours have better outcomes.

METHODS
The American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Programs data set was used to identify all patients with at least 10% total body surface area second- and third-degree burns from years 2017 to 2019. Patients with other serious injuries (any Abbreviated Injury Scale, >3), severe inhalational injury, prehospital cardiac arrest, and interhospital transfers were excluded. International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, procedure codes were used to ascertain time of first excision. Patients who underwent first excision within 48 hours of admission (early excision) were compared with those who underwent surgery 48 to 120 hours from admission (standard therapy). Propensity score matching was performed to control for age and total body surface area burned.

RESULTS
A total of 2,270 patients (72% male) were included in the analysis. The median age was 37 (23–55) years. Early excision was associated with shorter hospital length of stay (LOS), and intensive care unit LOS. Complications including deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and catheter-associated urinary tract infection were significantly lower with early excision. There was no significant difference in mortality.

CONCLUSION
Performance of excision within 48 hours is associated with shorter hospital LOS and fewer complications than standard therapy. We recommend taking patients for operative debridement and temporary or, when feasible, permanent coverage within 48 hours. Prospective trials should be performed to verify the advantages of this treatment strategy.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.
Anti-Factor Xa Monitoring of Enoxaparin Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Emergency General Surgery Patients
Authors: Pokrzywa Courtney J , Biesboer Elise A , Figueroa Juan , Al Tannir Abdul Hafiz , de Moya Marc , Morris Rachel S , Murphy Patrick B 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remain high in emergency general surgery (EGS) patients despite chemical VTE prophylaxis. Emerging literature supports anti-factor Xa (AFXa) monitoring for patients on enoxaparin (LMWH), though a significant knowledge gap remains regarding the optimal dosing and monitoring in EGS patients. We hypothesize that standard dose VTE prophylaxis regimens provide inadequate VTE prophylaxis in EGS patients.

Study Design:
A prospective cohort study of all adult EGS patients at a single institution between August 2021-February 2022 receiving standard dose LMWH for VTE prophylaxis was performed. AFXa levels were obtained 4-hours following the third dose of enoxaparin with a target range of 0.3-0.5 IU/mL. Adjustment to dosing and repeat AFXa measurement after the adjusted 3 rd dose was obtained.

Results:
A total of 81 patients underwent AFXa monitoring, the majority (75%) of whom were started on 40 mg LMWH daily. Initial peak AFXa measurement was low in 87.7% of patients (mean 0.16 IU/mL). Of patients who had an initial low AFXa, remained admitted, and underwent dosing adjustment and AFXa reassessment (27%), the majority were adjusted to either 30mg or 40mg LMWH twice daily (23.7% and 55%, respectively), with 82% of patients remaining low. There were no significant differences in demographics or body mass index between those with low vs. adequate AFXa levels at either initial or subsequent measurement.

Conclusion:
Standard LMWH dosing provides inadequate AFXa inhibition for adequate VTE prophylaxis. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing AFXa monitoring and the need to establish clinical protocols to improve VTE prophylaxis in EGS patients.
Resistance to antibiotics in clinical isolates ofEscherichia coliproducing and non-producing Extended Spectrum Betalactamases (ESBL) obtained from urine cultures in patients with urinary tract infection
Authors: Benítez Vergara María Guadalupe , Cruz Rosas María Fernanda , Rojas García Pablo Gustavo , García Contreras Rodolfo , Martínez Gonzalez Gabriel , Almeida Villegas Jorge Angel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveIdentify resistance patterns against various antibiotics inEscherichia coliproducers and non-producers of extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary infections in a population of the Toluca Valley, MexicoIntroductionEscherichia coliis a bacterium that is part of the normal biota of the human being, but under certain conditions it can produce diseases such as gastrointestinal and urinary tract infections for which is the main responsible.Enterobacteriaceaesuch asEscherichiaare extended spectrum betalactamases (ESBL) producers, which makes their treatment difficult due to a high rate of resistance to antibiotics.Methods155 samples were collected from patients with suspected urinary tract infection without exclusion criteria such as age or gender. Automated equipment was used for the identification of the etiological agent and sensitivity tests. For the determination of ESBL, the double disc technique was used.Results35 strains ofEscherichia coliwere obtained, of which 45.72 % have ESBL, these strains show 100 % resistance to betalactams, as well as high resistance to quinolones and tetracycline ranging from 70 to 100 %. On the other hand, the resistance shown by non-ESBL producing strains is variable both for betalactams and for other antibiotics.ConclusionTreatment for urinary tract infections has become increasily difficult due to the high rate of resistance to antibiotics, mainly ESBL-producing strains such as theE colistrains in the present study. Where high rates of resistance to different antibiotics used in clinical practice are shown.
The technological innovation and tuberculosis elimination: a Technology Foresight study
Authors: Silva Roseli Monteiro da , Kristki Afranio , Cabral Bernardo Pereira , Oliveira Martha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the present study, tuberculosis specialists were surveyed to rate the most effective strategies to eliminate TB as a public health problem by 2050. Then were investigated the most promising emerging technologies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) expected to reach the market by 2035. This Technology Foresight study was specifically carried out by means of a web survey closed questionnaire, which was sent to 29,988 TB specialists worldwide. Of these, 2,657 answers were obtained and analysed. Respondents had demonstrated a high level of academic training (PhD), more than 10 years of professional experience, and a great diversity of both areas of knowledge and geographic reach. In the view of experts, the strategies with the greatest potential impact on epidemic TB were a) shorter time between diagnosis and start of treatment of DS and MDR-TB; b) strengthening tuberculosis control actions in the most vulnerable populations; c) shorter and less expensive regimens for drug resistant MDR/XDR-TB. Regarding the strategies with the highest potential for eliminating TB, our data suggests that the biomedical paradigm is the strongest among the specialists. The most promising technologies expected to reach the market by 2035 selected by the specialists were: (1) new drugs of known chemical classes or new chemical classes; (2) new point-of-care diagnostic tests for DS-TB, drug resistant or multidrug resistant (MDR/XDR)-TB and TB Infection (TBI). We contribute by discussing the most promising technologies and strategies for the elimination of TB in light of social determinants of health models and forecasting studies. We conclude by suggesting that the expected emerging technologies ongoing development will not suffice to end TB by 2050.
The Comparison of enhanced recovery after surgery versus traditional pathway in early-onset scoliosis surgery
Authors: Jian Keyi , Cui Jian , Li Chunbin , Liu Rong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe optimized enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway in patients with early onset scoliosis (EOS) has not yet been comprehensively described. This study explored the efficacy and feasibility of an integral process of the ERAS pathway in posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery in EOS patients. A total of 70 patients were included in this study, with 35 patients receiving treatment using an ERAS pathway designed and implemented by a multidisciplinary team. The remaining 35 patients followed the traditional pathway (TP) perioperative care. Patient demographics, radiographic parameters, surgical data, and clinical information were collected and analyzed retrospectively. There were no significant differences in sex, height, weight, age, body mass index, preoperative hemoglobin level, fusion segments, number of screws, Cobb angle of the main curve, or surgical duration between the ERAS and TP groups. Regarding pain intensity, the estimated blood loss (EBL), first ambulation time, length of analgesic use, postoperative length of stay (LOS), drainage duration, drainage volume, and incidence of blood transfusion were significantly lower in the ERAS group than in the TP group. The ERAS pathway in EOS orthopedic surgery effectively reduces intraoperative bleeding, alleviates postoperative pain, reduces complications, accelerates recovery, and shortens hospital stays. Therefore, spinal surgeons should adopt the ERAS pathway in EOS surgery.
Synthetic lethality ofMycobacterium tuberculosisNADH dehydrogenases is due to impaired NADH oxidation
Authors: Xu Yuanyuan , Ehrt Sabine , Schnappinger Dirk , Beites Tiago 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTType 2 NADH dehydrogenase (Ndh-2) is an oxidative phosphorylation enzyme discussed as a promising drug target in different pathogens, includingPlasmodium falciparumandMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb). To killMtb, Ndh-2 needs to be inactivated together with the alternative enzyme type 1 NADH dehydrogenase (Ndh-1), but the mechanism of this synthetic lethality remained unknown. Here, we provide insights into the biology of NADH dehydrogenases and a mechanistic explanation for Ndh-1 and Ndh-2 synthetic lethality inMtb. NADH dehydrogenases have two main functions: maintaining an appropriate NADH/NAD+ ratio by converting NADH into NAD+ and providing electrons to the respiratory chain. Heterologous expression of a water forming NADH oxidase (Nox), which catalyzes the oxidation of NADH, allows to distinguish between these two functions and show that Nox rescues Mtb from Ndh-1/Ndh-2 synthetic lethality, indicating that NADH oxidation is the essential function of NADH dehydrogenases forMtbviability. Quantification of intracellular levels of NADH, NAD, ATP, and oxygen consumption revealed that preventing NADH oxidation by Ndh-2 depletes NAD(H) and inhibits respiration. Finally, we show that Ndh-1/ Ndh-2 synthetic lethality can be achieved through chemical inhibition.IMPORTANCEIn 2022, it is estimated that 10.6 million people fell ill, and 1.6 million people died from Tuberculosis (TB). Available treatment is lengthy and requires a multi-drug regimen, which calls for new strategies to cureMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) infections more efficiently. We have previously shown that simultaneous inactivation of type 1 (Ndh-1) and type 2 (Ndh-2) NADH dehydrogenase killsMtb. NADH dehydrogenases play two main physiological roles: NADH oxidation and electron entry to the respiratory chain. Here, we show that this bactericidal effect is a consequence of impaired NADH oxidation. Importantly, we demonstrate that Ndh-1/Ndh-2 synthetic lethality can be achieved through simultaneous chemical inhibition, which could be exploited by TB drug development programs.
Coexistence of state, choice, and sensory integration coding in barrel cortex LII/III
Authors: Gardères Pierre-Marie , Gal Sébastien Le , Rousseau Charly , Mamane Alexandre , Ganea Dan Alin , Haiss Florent 
Published: April 2023

SummaryDuring perceptually guided decisions, correlates of choice are found as upstream as in the primary sensory areas. However, how well these choice signals align with early sensory representations, a prerequisite for their interpretation as feedforward substrates of perception, remains an open question. We designed a two alternative forced choice task (2AFC) in which mice compared stimulation frequencies applied to two adjacent vibrissae. The optogenetic silencing of individual columns in the primary somatosensory cortex (wS1) resulted in predicted shifts of psychometric functions, demonstrating that perception depends on focal, early sensory representations. Functional imaging of layer II/III single neurons revealed sensory, choice and engagement coding. From trial to trial, these three varied substantially, but independently from one another. Thus, coding of sensory and non-sensory variables co-exist in orthogonal subspace of the population activity, suggesting that perceptual variability does not originate from wS1 but rather from state or choice fluctuations in downstream areas.
Citizen empowerment through smart surveillance: evidence from Indian smart cities
Authors: Khanna Preeti , Khanra Sayantan 
Published: April 2023

PurposeCitizens often perceive surveillance by government authorities as oppressive and, hence, demonstrate reluctance in value co-creation from such services. This study aims to investigate the challenges and benefits of citizen empowerment through technology-driven surveillance or “smart surveillance.”Design/methodology/approachGuided by Dynamic Capability theory, the authors conduct in-depth interviews with officers in-charge of surveillance in smart cities. Given the contemporary advancements, this approach allows a retrospective and real-time understanding of interviewees’ experiences with smart surveillance.FindingsThe authors develop five propositions for citizen empowerment through smart surveillance to summarize the findings of this study.Research limitations/implicationsThis study advances the relevance of Dynamic Capability in public administration.Practical implicationsSmart city authorities and policymakers may leverage the insights provided in this study to design appropriate policies for smart surveillance.Originality/valueThe authors find that factors such as digital technology and infrastructure, information management, skill divide and perceived return on investment may influence citizen empowerment through smart surveillance.
The impact of online customer reviews on product iterative innovation
Authors: Tian Pingye , Yang Qing 
Published: April 2023

PurposeOnline customer reviews is an important information resource for product innovation. This study aims to investigate the impact of online customer reviews on iterative innovation of software products and the moderating roles of product complexity in the process of online reviews influencing product iterative innovation.Design/methodology/approachTo empirically test the hypotheses, this paper built a panel data of 500 software products from 2019 to 2021 and applied Poisson regression analysis.FindingsEmpirically results reveal that both sentiment and quantity of online customer reviews have positive effects on iteration innovation of software products. In addition, the authors find that product complexity negatively moderates the relationship between online reviews and iterative innovation.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that firms can acquire valuable information from customers’ online reviews for product iterative innovation and improvement. However, for high-complexity products, it may be difficult for enterprises to obtain useful information for iterative innovation from online reviews. On the other hand, this study provides a reference for firms to choose more useful online reviews from the perspective of sentiment.Originality/valueThis paper provides a new finding that there is a positive relationship between online customer reviews and iterative innovation of software products. Moreover, the authors also provide a deeper understanding of how online customer reviews affects iterative innovation by examining the moderating roles of product complexity.
Disaster readiness assessment model using integrated statistical variance and proximity value index
Authors: Sutrisno Agung , Wuisang Cynthia Erlita Virgin , Yusupa Ade 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe regular occurrence of natural disasters elevates the need for an effective method to measure organizational preparedness in responding to the adverse impact of disasters. In this context, this paper presents a new decision support model to assess organizational disaster preparedness using both subjective and objective disaster preparedness criteria in a multi-criteria decision-making context.Design/methodology/approachThe statistical variance method is integrated with the proximity value index (PVI) technique to determine priority scores in order to rank organizational disaster readiness.FindingsThe results of applying the integrated model developed herein enable decision-makers to make informed decisions for assigning priority ranking of organizational disaster preparedness in a simpler and more efficient way.Research limitations/implicationsHuman resource is the most impacting criterion affecting hospital preparedness in undertaking action to cure disaster victims.Practical implicationsThis paper offers an exemplar of a simple and efficient decision-making process considering the subjectivity associated with decision-making as well as the objectivity of data used for determining the priority ranking of organizational disaster preparedness.Originality/valueIntegrating statistical variance method with the PVI technique is novel and it has not been presented in previous studies. In fact, this study is the first to integrate both methods for selecting the priority ranking of organizational disaster preparedness.
Circular economy practices in SMEs: aligning model of green economic incentives and environmental commitment
Authors: Arsawan I. Wayan Edi , Koval Viktor , Suhartanto Dwi , Hariyanti Ni Kadek Dessy , Polishchuk Natalіia , Bondar Viktoriia 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe present study aims to examine the relationship between green economic incentives (GEIs) and environmental commitment (EC) as drivers of the circular economy (CE) practices in small and medium enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study of 594 assistant managers and SME managers was used while data were analyzed through Smart PLS.FindingsThe results showed that GEIs positively affect the SMEs' EC and the CE practice model. Furthermore, EC is the mediator between GEIs and the three CE practices: internal environmental management, eco-design and corporate asset management and recovery (CAM&R).Practical implicationsThe present study provided a basis for understanding the relevance of SMEs' CE practices and designing a strategic plan for its implementation. Also, it provides insight into that collaboration between triple helix (the government, SMEs and the community) is needed in increasing environmental awareness toward sustainability.Originality/valueThis study enhanced the natural resource-based view (NRBV), describing the mechanisms that view GEIs and EC as pollution prevention in CE practice.