bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical guidance to reduce radiation exposure in electrophysiology applying ultra low-dose protocols: a European Heart Rhythm Association review
Authors: Sommer Philipp , Sciacca Vanessa , Anselmino Matteo , Tilz Roland , Bourier Felix , Lehrmann Heiko , Bulava Alan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Interventional electrophysiology offers a great variety of treatment options to patients suffering from symptomatic cardiac arrhythmia. Catheter ablation of supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia has globally evolved a cornerstone in modern arrhythmia management. Complex interventional electrophysiological procedures engaging multiple ablation tools have been developed over the past decades. Fluoroscopy enabled interventional electrophysiologist throughout the years to gain profound knowledge on intracardiac anatomy and catheter movement inside the cardiac cavities and hence develop specific ablation approaches. However, the application of X-ray technologies imposes serious health risks to patients and operators. To reduce the use of fluoroscopy during interventional electrophysiological procedures to the possibly lowest degree and to establish an optimal protection of patients and operators in cases of fluoroscopy is the main goal of modern radiation management. The present manuscript gives an overview of possible strategies of fluoroscopy reduction and specific radiation protection strategies.
Cis-regulatory Landscape Size, Constraint, and Tissue Specificity Associate with Gene Function and Expression
Authors: Benton Mary Lauren , Ruderfer Douglas M , Capra John A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Multiple distal cis-regulatory elements (CREs) often cooperate to regulate gene expression, and the presence of multiple CREs for a gene has been proposed to provide redundancy and robustness to variation. However, we do not understand how attributes of a gene's distal CRE landscape—the CREs that contribute to its regulation—relate to its expression and function. Here, we integrate three-dimensional chromatin conformation and functional genomics data to quantify the CRE landscape composition genome-wide across ten human tissues and relate their attributes to the function, constraint, and expression patterns of genes. Within each tissue, we find that expressed genes have larger CRE landscapes than nonexpressed genes and that genes with tissue-specific CREs are more likely to have tissue-specific expression. Controlling for the association between expression level and CRE landscape size, we also find that CRE landscapes around genes under strong constraint (e.g., loss-of-function intolerant and housekeeping genes) are not significantly smaller than other expressed genes as previously proposed; however, they do have more evolutionarily conserved sequences than CREs of expressed genes overall. We also show that CRE landscape size does not associate with expression variability across individuals; nonetheless, genes with larger CRE landscapes have a relative depletion for variants that influence expression levels (expression quantitative trait loci). Overall, this work illustrates how differences in gene function, expression, and evolutionary constraint are reflected in features of CRE landscapes. Thus, considering the CRE landscape of a gene is vital for understanding gene expression dynamics across biological contexts and interpreting the effects of noncoding genetic variants.
Physical Health Problems as a Suicide Precipitant: Associations With Other Risk Factors and Suicide Methods in Three Age Groups of Older Decedents
Authors: Choi Namkee G , Choi Bryan Y , Marti C Nathan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Physical health problems are a significant late-life suicide precipitant. This study’s purpose was to examine differences in (i) other suicide precipitants and psychiatric/substance use problems, and (ii) suicide methods (firearms, hanging/suffocation, and poisoning) in 3 age groups (55–64, 65–74, and 75+) of older suicide decedents who had physical health problems as a suicide precipitant.

Research Design and Methods
Data came from the 2017–2019 U.S. National Violent Death Reporting System (N = 34,912; 27,761 males [79.5%] and 7,151 females [20.5%]). Generalized linear models for a Poisson distribution with a log link were used to examine the study questions.

Results
Physical health problems were a suicide precipitant for 25.8%, 41.9%, and 57.7% of the 55–64, 65–74, and 75+ age groups, respectively, and were associated with a higher likelihood of having had depressed mood (IRR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.33–1.43) and other substance use problems (IRR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.13–1.31). Interaction effects showed that when job/finance/housing problems, depressed mood, or any psychiatric disorders were co-present with physical health problems, the age group differences in the predicted rates of physical health problems were diminished. Physical health problems were also positively associated with firearm and poisoning use, but negatively associated with hanging/suffocation. Interaction effects indicated that the predicted rates of firearm and poisoning use significantly increased among those aged 55–64 with than without physical health problems.

Discussion and Implications
In all 3 age groups of older suicide decedents, physical health problems were the predominant suicide precipitant, and those with physical health problems had elevated depressed mood. Assessment of suicide risk, affordable and accessible health, and mental health services, restriction of access to lethal suicide methods, and policy-based suicide prevention approaches for older adults with physical health problems are needed.
A practical strategy to use the ICD-11 for morbidity coding in the United States without a clinical modification
Authors: Fung Kin Wah , Xu Julia , McConnell-Lamptey Shannon , Pickett Donna , Bodenreider Olivier 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to derive and evaluate a practical strategy of replacing ICD-10-CM codes by ICD-11 for morbidity coding in the United States, without the creation of a Clinical Modification.

Materials and Methods
A stepwise strategy is described, using first the ICD-11 stem codes from the Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (MMS) linearization, followed by exposing Foundation entities, then adding postcoordination (with existing codes and adding new stem codes if necessary), with creating new stem codes as the last resort. The strategy was evaluated by recoding 2 samples of ICD-10-CM codes comprised of frequently used codes and all codes from the digestive diseases chapter.

Results
Among the 1725 ICD-10-CM codes examined, the cumulative coverage at the stem code, Foundation, and postcoordination levels are 35.2%, 46.5% and 89.4% respectively. 7.1% of codes require new extension codes and 3.5% require new stem codes. Among the new extension codes, severity scale values and anatomy are the most common categories. 5.5% of codes are not one-to-one matches (1 ICD-10-CM code matched to 1 ICD-11 stem code or Foundation entity) which could be potentially challenging.

Conclusion
Existing ICD-11 content can achieve full representation of almost 90% of ICD-10-CM codes, provided that postcoordination can be used and the coding guidelines and hierarchical structures of ICD-10-CM and ICD-11 can be harmonized. The various options examined in this study should be carefully considered before embarking on the traditional approach of a full-fledged ICD-11-CM.
Detecting balling defects using multisource transfer learning in wire arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Shin Seung-Jun , Hong Sung-Ho , Jadhav Sainand , Kim Duck Bong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has gained attention as a feasible process in large-scale metal additive manufacturing due to its high deposition rate, cost efficiency, and material diversity. However, WAAM induces a degree of uncertainty in the process stability and the part quality owing to its non-equilibrium thermal cycles and layer-by-layer stacking mechanism. Anomaly detection is therefore necessary for the quality monitoring of the parts. Most relevant studies have applied machine learning to derive data-driven models that detect defects through feature and pattern learning. However, acquiring sufficient data is time- and/or resource-intensive, which introduces a challenge to applying machine learning-based anomaly detection. This study proposes a multisource transfer learning method that generates anomaly detection models for balling defect detection, thus ensuring quality monitoring in WAAM. The proposed method uses convolutional neural network models to extract sufficient image features from multisource materials, then transfers and fine-tunes the models for anomaly detection in the target material. Stepwise learning is applied to extract image features sequentially from individual source materials, and composite learning is employed to assign the optimal frozen ratio for converging transferred and present features. Experiments were performed using a gas tungsten arc welding-based WAAM process to validate the classification accuracy of the models using low-carbon steel, stainless steel, and Inconel.
The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in improving plant water status under drought
Authors: Abdalla Mohanned , Bitterlich Michael , Jansa Jan , Püschel David , Ahmed Mutez A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been presumed to ameliorate crop tolerance to drought. Here, we review the role of AMF in maintaining water supply to plants from drying soils and the underlying biophysical mechanisms. We used a soil–plant hydraulic model to illustrate the impact of several AMF mechanisms on plant responses to edaphic drought. The AMF enhance the soil’s capability to transport water and extend the effective root length, thereby attenuating the drop in matric potential at the root surface during soil drying. The synthesized evidence and the corresponding simulations demonstrate that symbiosis with AMF postpones the stress onset limit, which is defined as the disproportionality between transpiration rates and leaf water potentials, during soil drying. The symbiosis can thus help crops survive extended intervals of limited water availability. We also provide our perspective on future research needs and call for reconciling the dynamic changes in soil and root hydraulics in order to better understand the role of AMF in plant water relations in the face of climate changes.
Engineering xylose fermentation in an industrial yeast: continuous cultivation as a tool for selecting improved strains
Authors: Basso Thalita P , Procópio Dielle P , Petrin Thais H C , Giacon Thamiris G , Jin Yong-Su , Basso Thiago O , Basso Luiz C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Production of second-generation ethanol from lignocellulosic residues should be fueling the energy matrix in the near future. Lignocellulosic biomass has received considerable attention as an alternative renewable resource toward reducing the demand for fossil energy sources, contributing to a future sustainable bio-based economy. Fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates poses many scientific and technological challenges as the drawback of Saccharomyces cerevisiae’s inability in fermenting pentose sugars (derived from hemicellulose). To overcome the inability of S. cerevisiae to ferment xylose and increase yeast robustness in the presence of inhibitory compound-containing media, the industrial S. cerevisiae strain SA-1 was engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 with the oxidoreductive xylose pathway from Scheffersomyces stipitis (encoded by XYL1, XYL2, and XYL3). The engineered strain was then cultivated in a xylose-limited chemostat under increasing dilution rates (for 64 days) to improve its xylose consumption kinetics under aerobic conditions. The evolved strain (DPY06) and its parental strain (SA-1 XR/XDH) were evaluated under microaerobic in a hemicellulosic hydrolysate-based medium. DPY06 exhibited 35% higher volumetric ethanol productivity compared to its parental strain.
Micromorphological Sculptural Diversity in Foliar Epidermis and Trichomes Features among Invasive Species
Authors: Manzoor Ribaha , Zafar Muhammad , Yaqoob Tayyaba , Ahmad Mushtaq , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy , Althobaiti Ashwaq T , Demirpolat Azize , Çobanoğlu Duygu Nur , Sultana Shazia , Makhkamov Trobjon , Mamarakhimov Oybek , Yuldashev Akramjon , Khakimova Dilabza , Nizomova Maxsuda , Ochilov Ulugbek , Majeed Salman 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study examines the role of light microscopic (LM) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) micromorphological traits of the epidermis in identifying and classifying invasive plants. SEM was conducted to increase our understanding of microscopic qualities that are not visible in light microscopy and to elucidate unclear affinities among invasive species. The study examines invasive species’ morphological and anatomical characteristics from the Pothohar Plateau of Pakistan for the first time. The results showed that various micromorphological features are very useful for species’ accurate identification. Adaxial and abaxial surfaces of leaves showed variations in subsidiary cells, glands, anticlinal wall patterns, stomata, and epidermal cells. Epidermal cell shapes observed were irregular, elongated, rectangular, and polygonal. Epidermal cells having maximum length were calculated in Stellaria media (126.3 μm) on adaxial side. On the abaxial surface, the minimum length was noticed in Eucalyptus camaldulensis (28.5 μm). Both glandular and nonglandular trichomes were examined, ranging from unicellular to multicellular. Most of the investigated specimens of leaves were amphistomatic, while some were hypostomatic, like Alternanthera pungens, Calotropis procera, Cannabis sativa, Lantana camara, and Thevetia peruviana. Leaf epidermal morphology contains numerous useful systematic features for accurate identifications of plant species. The micromorphological attributes under observation provide a standard criterion to the researcher for identifications of invasive flora in future morpho-taxonomic studies.
High-throughput quantum chemistry: empowering the search for molecular candidates behind unknown spectral signatures in exoplanetary atmospheres
Authors: Zapata Trujillo Juan C , Pettyjohn Maria M , McKemmish Laura K 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The identification of molecules in exoplanetary atmospheres is only possible thanks to the availability of high-resolution molecular spectroscopic data. However, due to its intensive and time-consuming generation process, at present, only 100 molecules have high-resolution spectroscopic data available, limiting new molecular detections. Using routine quantum chemistry calculations (i.e. scaled harmonic frequency calculations using the B97-1/def2-TZVPD model chemistry with median errors of 10 cm−1), here we present a complementary high-throughput approach to rapidly generate approximate vibrational spectral data for 2743 molecules made from the biologically most important elements C, H, N, O, P, and S. Though these data are not accurate enough to enable definitive molecular detections and do not seek to replace the need for high-resolution data, it has powerful applications in identifying potential molecular candidates responsible for unknown spectral features. We explore this application for the $4.1\,\mu{\rm m}$ (2439 cm−1) feature in the atmospheric spectrum of WASP-39b, listing potential alternative molecular species responsible for this spectral line, together with SO2. Further applications of this big data compilation also include identifying molecules with strong absorption features that are likely detectable at quite low abundances and providing a training set for machine learning predictions of vibrational frequencies. Characterizing exoplanetary atmospheres through molecular spectroscopy is essential to understanding the planet’s physico-chemical processes and likelihood of hosting life. Our rapidly generated quantum chemistry big data set will play a crucial role in supporting this understanding by giving directions into possible initial identifications of the more unusual molecules to emerge.
Pattern breaking: a complex systems approach to psychedelic medicine
Authors: Hipólito Inês , Mago Jonas , Rosas Fernando E , Carhart-Harris Robin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent research has demonstrated the potential of psychedelic therapy for mental health care. However, the psychological experience underlying its therapeutic effects remains poorly understood. This paper proposes a framework that suggests psychedelics act as destabilizers, both psychologically and neurophysiologically. Drawing on the ‘entropic brain’ hypothesis and the ‘RElaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics’ model, this paper focuses on the richness of psychological experience. Through a complex systems theory perspective, we suggest that psychedelics destabilize fixed points or attractors, breaking reinforced patterns of thinking and behaving. Our approach explains how psychedelic-induced increases in brain entropy destabilize neurophysiological set points and lead to new conceptualizations of psychedelic psychotherapy. These insights have important implications for risk mitigation and treatment optimization in psychedelic medicine, both during the peak psychedelic experience and during the subacute period of potential recovery.
On Debt and climate
Authors: Bolton Patrick , Buchheit Lee , Gulati Mitu , Panizza Ugo , di Mauro Beatrice Weder , Zettelmeyer Jeromin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the links between climate and debt sustainability by focusing on how climate mitigation and adaptation are paid for, and who pays for it. This requires thinking about instruments such as sovereign bonds, carbon credits, conditional official grants and debt relief from both public and private sources. The article discusses the role of green bonds, carbon offsets, grants and debt relief. Among these solutions, no single instrument appears to be right for all countries or at all times. To move forward, we make six proposals and policy recommendations that can jointly address climate change and debt sustainability.
Negative expressions are shared more on Twitter for public figures than for ordinary users
Authors: Schöne Jonas P , Garcia David , Parkinson Brian , Goldenberg Amit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSocial media users tend to produce content that contains more positive than negative emotional language. However, negative emotional language is more likely to be shared. To understand why, research has thus far focused on psychological processes associated with tweets' content. In the current study, we investigate if the content producer influences the extent to which their negative content is shared. More specifically, we focus on a group of users that are central to the diffusion of content on social media—public figures. We found that an increase in negativity was associated with a stronger increase in sharing for public figures compared to ordinary users. This effect was explained by two user characteristics, the number of followers and thus the strength of ties and the proportion of political tweets. The results shed light on whose negativity is most viral, allowing future research to develop interventions aimed at mitigating overexposure to negative content.
Exogenous hydrogen sulfide alleviates hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress via SIRT1/FoxO1/PCSK9 pathway in NAFLD
Authors: Cui Xiaomeng , Yao Menglin , Feng Yanjing , Li Chengjun , Li Yarui , Guo Dan , He Shuixiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh‐fat‐induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been the main reason for the occurrence and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) produces a marked effect on regulating lipid metabolism and antioxidation, whose effects on ER stress of NAFLD are still unclear. Here, we studied the influence of exogenous H2S on NAFLD and its potential mechanism. In vivo, NAFLD model was induced by high‐fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, followed by intraperitoneal injection of exogenous H2S intervention for 4 weeks. HepG2 cells exposure to lipid mixture (LM) were used as vitro model to explore the potential mechanism. We found exogenous H2S significantly inhibited the hepatic ER stress and improved the liver fat deposition of HFD‐fed mice. These similar results were also observed in HepG2 cells dealt with LM after exogenous H2S treatment. Further mechanism studies showed exogenous H2S strengthened the combination of FoxO1 with the PCSK9 promoter gene through SIRT1‐mediated deacetylation, thereby inhibiting the PCSK9 expression to relieve the hepatic ER stress. However, SIRT1 knockout eliminated the effects of exogenous H2S on FoxO1 deacetylation, PCSK9 inhibition, and remission of hepatic ER stress and steatosis. In conclusion, exogenous H2S improved NAFLD by inhibiting hepatic ER stress through SIRT1/FoxO1/PCSK9 pathway. Exogenous H2S and ER stress may be potential drug and target for the treatment of NAFLD, respectively.
A Case of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy after Dermal Burn on the Face and Hands
Authors: Kigure Ryuta , Akiyama Goh , Tosa Mamiko , Ogawa Rei 
Published: July 2023

Summary:
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome, generally has a good prognosis but occasionally causes serious complications. It is often triggered by physical and emotional stressors. Burns have been associated with takotsubo cardiomyopathy in six cases in the literature. We report here the seventh case. The patient, an 86-year-old woman with burn injuries to her face and hands due to a fire in her home, developed takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The condition was suspected soon after presentation due to precautionary electrocardiogram and then laboratory findings of elevated myocardial biomarkers. The diagnosis was then confirmed by left ventriculography. The cardiomyopathy resolved spontaneously without complications. The burn in our patient affected only 5% of total body surface area, but its impact may have been augmented by emotional stress caused by the patient losing her home in the fire. Our review of the six burn-related takotsubo cardiomyopathy cases in the literature showed that two of the cases also had small burns in combination with severe emotional stress. Since all six cases developed serious complications, the possibility of takotsubo cardiomyopathy should be suspected, even with small burns.