bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMAGE SEGMENTATION WITH A CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK WITHOUT POOLING LAYERS IN DERMATOLOGICAL DISEASE DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEMS
Authors: Polyakova M. V. 
Published: March 2023

Context. The problem of automating of the segmentation of spectral-statistical texture images is considered. The object of research is image processing in dermatological disease diagnostic systems.
Objective. The aim of the research is to improve the segmentation performance of color images of psoriasis lesions by elaboration of a deep learning convolutional neural network without pooling layers.
Method. The convolutional neural network is proposed to process a three-channel psoriasis image with a specified size. The initial color images were scaled to the specified size and then inputed on the neural network. The architecture of the proposed neural network consists of four convolutional layers with batch normalization layers and ReLU activation function. Feature maps from the output of these layers were inputted to the 1*1 convolutional layer with the Softmax activation function. The resulting feature maps were inputted to the image pixel classification layer. When segmenting images, convolutional and pooling layers extract the features of image fragments, and fully connected layers classify the resulting feature vectors, forming a partition of the image into homogeneous segments. The segmentation features are evaluated as a result of network training using ground-truth images which segmented by an expert. Such features are robust to noise and distortion in images. The combination of segmentation results at different scales is determined by the network architecture. Pooling layers were not included in the architecture of the proposed convolutional neural network since they reduce the size of feature maps compared to the size of the original image and can decrease the segmentation performance of small psoriasis lesions and psoriasis lesions of complex shape.
Results. The proposed convolutional neural network has been implemented in software and researched for solving the problem of psoriasis images segmentation.
Conclusions. The use of the proposed convolutional neural network made it possible to enhance the segmentation performance of plaque and guttate psoriasis images, especially at the edges of the lesions. Prospects for further research are to study the performance of the proposed CNN then abrupt changes in color and illumination, blurring, as well as the complex background areas are present on dermatological images, for example, containing clothes or fragments of the interior. It is advisable to use the proposed CNN in other problems of color image processing to segment statistical or spectral-statistical texture regions on a uniform or textured background.
Metastatic basal cell skin cancer with distant metastatic skeletal lesions: a clinical case report
Authors: Polyakov A. P. , Buharov A. V. , Miroshnichenko D. A. 
Published: March 2023

Clinical cases of distant metastasis of basal cell skin cancer are extremely rarely described in the international publications. This is probably due to the specific locally advanced growth of this histological type of tumor, as well as to the improvement of radical treatment methods for this group of patients. However, despite the development of both diagnostic research methods and treatment tactics, a large number of patients, especially when the primary tumor is located on the face and neck region, choose less effective and not always radical methods of treatment. In turn, non-radical removal of the primary tumor leads not only to difficulties in local control of the disease, but also to lymphogenous, as well as hematogenous spread of tumor cells and the manifestation of systemic metastasis.In the article, we present a clinical case of metastatic basal cell skin carcinoma of the periorbital region with lesions of the bones of the skeleton, namely the thoracic vertebrae manifested 11 years after the detection of the primary tumor.
Current trends in the treatment of recurrent adenocystic cancer of the salivary glands: case report
Authors: Saprina O. A. , Kropotov M. A. , Tulyandin S. A. , Ganina K. A. , Kozlov N. A. , Vizigina B. B. 
Published: March 2023

Salivary gland carcinomas is a rare family of neoplasms with different histological characteristics and biological behavior. Treatment regimens have remained virtually unchanged for decades, leaving the leading role for surgical treatment and radiation therapy. However, a special place in the salivary gland carcinomas group is occupied by adenoid cystic carcinoma, which is quite often characterized by a recurrent and / or metastatic course with the use of chemotherapy as the main option in treatment. It is worth noting the fact that the results of standard chemotherapy regimens show unsatisfactory results, respectively, with recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma, treatment options are minimal. Accordingly, there is a need to study new therapeutic methods for the treatment of this disease. In this situation, high hopes were placed on targeted therapy, in particular, the family of epidermal growth factor receptors, c-Kit are the most frequently studied molecular targets. Due to the rare occurrence of adenoid cystic carcinoma, the number of cases of using targeted therapy for analysis is relatively small, so each clinical observation is of particular value. The following is a clinical case of treatment of recurrent adenoid cystic carcinoma using a personalized treatment approach.Aim. To describe the clinical observation of the use of targeted drugs in recurrent or metastatic adenocystic cancer of the salivary glands.
Modeling of Ocean Wave Impacts on Crevassed Ice Shelves
Authors: Konovalov Yuri V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe propagation of elastic flexural gravity waves through an ice shelf is modeled by two full 3D finite-difference elastic models that are coupled to a treatment of undershelf sea water flux. These models are based on the momentum equations written using the well-known differential equation form (model 1) and using an integro-differential form (model 2). The integro-differential form works with a variable that represents the vertical integration of the momentum equations from the current vertical position to the ice surface. The sea water flow under the ice shelf is described by a wave equation involving the pressure. Numerical experiments were undertaken for an ice shelf with spatially periodic crevasses. These experiments reveal that band gaps occur in the dispersion spectra in frequency bands that are consistent with Bragg’s law. It is found that the minimum threshold of crevasse depth must be exceeded for band gaps to arise. In particular, model 2, based on the depth-integrated momentum equations, provides the smaller averaged (in the considered range of the spatial periodicities of the crevasses) threshold value.
The effect of different inflated air insole in the foot plantar pressure
Authors: Haris Fahni , Wei-Cheng Shen , Ji-Feng Wang , Pusparani Yori , Prisilla Ardha Ardea , Min-Wei Lu , Ben-Yi Liau , Chi-Wen Lung 
Published: March 2023

Exercise promotes health in people with diabetes. Weight-bearing activities increase the risk of foot ulcers. Air-pressure shoes may relieve high plantar pressure. Nevertheless, no study has investigated whether air-pressure shoes affect the plantar foot. A repeated measures study design, with five healthy subjects were tested with three inner air pressures (80, 160, and 240 mmHg) and 20 minutes of walking to examine their effects on peak plantar pressure (PPP). PPP after walking was measured from the forefoot in the big toe (T1), first metatarsal head (M1), and second metatarsal head (M2). We used a one-way ANOVA to analyze the results. We found that after walking for 20 min, inner air pressure significantly affected plantar pressure in the M1 and M2 (P = 0.008 and 0.006, respectively). Regarding the inner air pressure effect, there was a significant difference in the M1 head between 80 and 240 mmHg (274.2 ± 35.6 kPa vs. 689.4 ± 106.3 kPa, P = 0.002) at 20 minutes of walking duration. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the M2 head between 80 mmHg and 240 mmHg (250.6 ± 30.1 kPa vs. 572.4 ± 87.3 kPa, P = 0.002) and 160 and 240 mmHg (396.6 ± 35.3.7 kPa vs. 572.4 ± 87.3 kPa, P = 0.050). This finding is significant because the higher inner air pressure shoes can increase plantar pressure compared to 80 mmHg inner air pressure. This study suggests that individuals who are at high risk of developing foot ulcers should wear shoes with an inner air insole (80 mmHg).
THE EFFECTIVENESS COMBINATION OF HYPNOBREASTFEEDING AND BREAST EXERCISES ON BREAST MILK PRODUCTION TIME IN THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Reni Dian Puspita , Puspitaningsih Rezki , Wati Ratna , Nurachma Evy 
Published: March 2023

<p><strong>Background : </strong>Global Breastfeeding Scorecard report that evaluates breastfeeding data from 194 countries, the percentage of infants under six months who are exclusively breastfed is only 9.79% (9 countries). Meanwhile, in Indonesia exclusive breastfeeding for 0-6 months is only 50.67%. Several factor inhibiting exclusive breastfeeding such as lack of breast care during antenatal and physiological conditions of the breast before or during breastfeeding. Pregnant women have difficulty expressing breast milk on the first day until third day after giving birth. One of the alternative method to speed up the breast milk production time is using hypnobreastfeeding and breast exercises.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quasi Experiment with Static Group Comparison design. Hypnobreastfeeding and breast exercises are independent variables. Breast milk production time is the dependent variable. The research sample was third trimester pregnant women whose breast milk has not come out at the Clinic Samarinda City. Total sample are 38 respondents and used purposive sampling. Samples were selected by according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Technique analysis data bivariate used Chi-Square.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>ρ<sub>value</sub> (0.016) &lt; α (0.05). The relative risk (RR) is 5,152.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of hypnobreastfeeding and breast exercises is effective on breast milk production time in third trimester pregnant women at the Clinic Samarinda City. Researchers suggest that health workers can provide training on hypnobreastfeeding and breast exercises to pregnant women whose breast milk has not come out (from 28-36 weeks of gestation), training can be done from 36 weeks of gestation.<strong></strong></p><p> </p>
Infaq and Shadaqah for Education: Prohibited Fees or Social Responsibility?
Authors: Indah Suryani , Phalevy Rifqi Ridlo 
Published: March 2023

This research aims to analyze the relationship between voluntary donations (infaq) and prohibited fees in the Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 44 of 2012, as well as the views of Islamic scholars regarding the position of voluntary donations as a means of financing education. The research method used is a normative approach that utilizes legal and comparative approaches. The research findings indicate that voluntary donations, also known as infaq, shadaqah, or amal jariyah, are considered a prohibited fee under the Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 44 of 2012. However, in practice, these voluntary donations meet the criteria for fees as described in Article 11 of the regulation and are viewed by Islamic scholars as a form of social responsibility in the field of education. It is not permissible for these donations to be binding on the donor in terms of the amount and time of donation.
Highlights :

This research examines the connection between voluntary donations (infaq) and prohibited fees in education financing under Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 44 of 2012.
The findings show that although infaq is considered a prohibited fee, it is viewed as a form of social responsibility in education by Islamic scholars.
It should not be binding on the donor in terms of the amount and time of donation.

Keywords: infaq, shadaqah, voluntary donations, education financing, Islamic scholars.
Validation of CO2 Emission Reductions from Advanced Vessel Management Solutions by Leveraging the Big Data from Offshore Drilling Operations
Authors: Russo Massimiliano , Nagalingam Krishna Kumar , Haakonsen Rune , Loftager Rune , Puskarskij Konstantin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper details the successful validation process of advanced DP (Dynamic Positioning) and power management tools and solutions through processing big data from offshore drilling operations. Along with outlining the technical details behind the validation process, the paper also describes how these advanced tools can be applied to pursuing industry sustainability goals by reducing the environmental footprint of offshore drilling operations. Implementation of such a validation process will aid drilling operators to select and prioritize among different emission-reducing technologies and by that ensure that the installed solutions are suitable for the operation.
The validation mechanism is based on retrieving cloud-stored rig sensor data from the 7th generation drillship operating offshore Angola. The data processing section of the study included data normalization by removing abnormalities in order to establish clean baseline operational parameters to be reproduced by the use of the marine, drilling, and power plant simulators. The combined wind, wave, and climate (metocean) conditions for the entire period were also established and mapped.
After validation of the analytical model accuracy, the model was advanced with several layers of advanced DP and power management functionalities in addition to energy storage tools and solutions to evaluate efficiency gains from deploying them individually and combined.
Finally, the paper provides a comparison of efficiency gains (versus the clean baseline analytical model), deploying the said tools and solutions where the efficiencies are detailed as an amount of saved fuel, reduced GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions, and also reduction of maintenance burden on propulsion and power plant machinery.
Field Testing of an Automated 3D Cuttings and Cavings Measurement Sensor
Authors: Prez Sebastian , Callerio Santiago , Montes Abraham , Turhan Çinar , Ashok Pradeepkumar , van Oort Eric , Pruitt Roger , Thetford Taylor , Peroyea Trey , Behounek Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Observation of cuttings and cavings serves as an important early indicator for hole cleaning and wellbore instability problems. Automation of this critical monitoring process is, however, still in its infancy. This paper highlights the development and initial field testing of a new automated cuttings and cavings monitoring sensor system. Initial challenges identified in an earlier field test, and their solutions that have been incorporated into this new working field prototype, are presented.
The imaging sensors selected for the prototype, including a 3D laser profile scanner and a machine vision camera, were used in an initial field trial to assess the feasibility of building a prototype that can operate in a harsh field environment. Based on that initial field trial, the prototype was built, and preliminary outdoor tests were conducted offsite to validate its performance. Following that, a second field trial at an active drilling site in West Texas was conducted to assess the implementation and performance of the prototype in the field.
Practical solutions to key challenges identified in the first field trial were successfully implemented in the new prototype, and its field performance was validated in the second field trial where the prototype was integrated into the solids control system of an active drilling rig, successfully collecting data for during drilling operations. The system accurately measured the volumetric return of cuttings, and the tests demonstrate the ability to determine the cuttings size distribution and detect anomalous-sized cavings. The results can be used directly for improved hole cleaning management and stuck pipe avoidance in field operations.
This paper introduces the first working prototype of a 3D-imaging cuttings monitoring system that could be taken into production for quantifying the volumetric return of cuttings on surface and providing information about the size and shape of cuttings and cavings. The development of this cuttings sensor is a major milestone in the field of drilling automation, bringing the industry closer to achieving a fully automated hole cleaning and stuck pipe prevention system.
An Experimental Study on the Effects of Competitive Adsorption During Huff-N-Puff Enhanced Gas Recovery
Authors: Wolf Jeremy , Maaref Sepideh , Esmaeili Sajjad , Tutolo Benjamin , Kantzas Apostolos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGas is stored in tight reservoirs both as a free gas occupying the pores, and as an adsorbed gas on the rock matrix. Adsorbed gas exhibits liquid-like densities resulting in significantly more gas being stored on the rock surface. This research aims to highlight the effects of competitive adsorption during Huff-n-Puff enhanced gas recovery (EGR) on activated carbon to achieve maximum gas recovery. Pure methane was initially adsorbed by the activated carbon sample in four simple pure component adsorption stages. The methane was then produced in a primary production stage, allowing some methane to desorb from the activated carbon. The free and adsorbed methane was then displaced in five subsequent cyclical injection/production stages with a displacing gas, either nitrogen or carbon dioxide. The experiments were conducted at 30 °C, 45 °C, and 80 °C, and the temperature was maintained using a water bath. The purpose of testing a variety of temperatures was to highlight the effect of temperature on competitive adsorption and recovery factors. From the experiments, adsorption capacity was plotted as a function of the isothermal pressure and methane composition. This data was then fitted with the Extended Langmuir model because of its popularity and simplistic approach for multicomponent gas mixtures. It was observed that total adsorption capacity decreased as a function of temperature for both the nitrogen and carbon dioxide displacement experiments. Selectivity ratios were also determined for each experiment. At all temperatures, carbon dioxide had a higher selectivity ratio over methane compared to the selectivity ratio between nitrogen and methane. Selectivity ratios did not correlate with changing temperatures in both sets of experiments. Recovery factors were also determined for each experiment. Incremental recovery factors progressively decreased with each subsequent production stage. Cumulatively, the carbon dioxide experiments exhibited higher recovery at each temperature tested. For these experiments, irreversibilities were not considered due to the authors’ previous experience with single-component adsorption and desorption experiments on activated carbon [1]. To date, there have not been any EGR Huff-n-Puff experiments conducted on highly porous activated carbon samples with a primary focus on the effect of competitive adsorption. This research aims to highlight the effects of temperature and displacement gas type on the competitive adsorption between methane and nitrogen/carbon dioxide and its impact on the recovery factors. By doing so, EGR schemes can be better understood and modeled with improved inputs for competitive adsorption in each injection and production cycle. This will allow for more accurate production forecasting and help minimize the financial risk of costly EGR projects.
A Multifaceted Laboratory Approach to Screen Paraffin Inhibitors for Canadian Unconventional Resources
Authors: Tsui Kenny , Habibi Ali , Yuan Shu Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParaffin deposition during oil and gas production is a common challenge and may partially or completely plug the wellbore, production tubing and flowlines. This results in significant reduction in well production and frequent paraffin remediation jobs. Chemical treatment is used widely and is one of the most practical ways to mitigate paraffin deposition. In previous studies, conventional test methods such as cold finger testing have been implemented to screen paraffin inhibitors for field applications. However, poor correlations between laboratory results and field observations challenge the reliability of the method. Developing a comprehensive laboratory protocol is imperative for screening effective paraffin inhibitors.In this study, we introduce a systematic laboratory procedure to assess the performance of paraffin inhibitors on oil samples produced from formations located in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). These formations include Duvernay, Montney, and Cardium. The laboratory protocol is composed of three test procedures. First, we measure the viscosity of the oil samples mixed with paraffin inhibitors over a wide range of temperature values. Second, we perform cold finger tests using oil samples mixed with the various paraffin inhibitors. Lastly, we quantify the fouling tendency of oil samples with and without paraffin inhibitors using a para-window instrument by dynamically measuring near-infrared light transmittance on a temperature controlled reflective surface.Several polymeric chemical families including ethylene vinyl acetate (PI-1), maleic ester (PI-2), maleic amide (PI-3), and alkylphenol (PI-4) are evaluated using this laboratory protocol. The measured performance of the paraffin inhibitors varies depending on the technique used and the temperature at which the evaluation is performed. In the case of experiments performed on the Montney oil sample, it is found that inhibitor containing maleic ester (PI-2) demonstrates 31% of reduction in viscosity testing, 75% of inhibition from cold finger testing, but only 8% of fouling reduction in the para-window testing. As this protocol is implemented over a wide range of temperature values, it provides valuable insights about the effectiveness and versatility of paraffin inhibitors at different operational conditions. In the case of PI-2, it shows higher inhibition at temperature near 0°C, rather than near the Wax Appearance Temperature (WAT) of 30°C, indicating that it might not be a suitable candidate for inhibiting the more problematic high molecular weight paraffins generated at 30°C.The laboratory protocol developed in this study helps narrow the gap between laboratory results and field observations. It highlights the importance of matching representative field temperature conditions within the laboratory; and provides new insights about the performance of paraffin inhibitors for oil field applications.