bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth-stimulating and anti-stress activity of lipids of the seed of Zygophyllum oxianum Boriss.under salt stress
Authors: Svetlana Gusakova , Rano Zakirova , Shahrukh Ibotov , Elvira Kurbanova , Nigora Yuldasheva 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

It is known that the lipid components of plant cells play an important role in protecting plants from the influence of stress factors. Changes in membrane lipids in response to salinity are observed in many plant species, including halophytes and glycophytes. Lipid messenger molecules are involved in many important processes of the adaptive mechanism that allow plants to cope with salt stress. The aim of the work was the studying of the lipids of the seeds of the plant Zygophyllum oxianum Boriss. (family of Zygophyllaceae) and their effect on the growth of wheat shoots grown under saline conditions, as well as the effect of plant lipids on the lipid composition of wheat seedlings. As a result of the study, we found that pre-sowing treatment of wheat and cucumber seeds with neutral components of Zygophyllum moxianum seed lipids in low doses stimulates the growth and development of seedlings of these crops under normal conditions and under the influence of salt stress, promotes the formation of total lipids and the biosynthesis of eicosatrienoic and arachidonic acids in wheat seedlings grown under saline conditions.
Porcine milk exosomes modulate the immune functions of CD14+ monocytes in vitro
Authors: Morales Gabriela Ávila , De Leonardis Daria , Filipe Joel , Ferreira Rafaela Furioso , Agazzi Alessandro , Sauerwein Helga , Comi Marcello , Mrljak Vladimir , Lecchi Cristina , Ceciliani Fabrizio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Exosomes mediate near and long-distance intercellular communication by transferring their molecular cargo to recipient cells, altering their biological response. Milk exosomes (MEx) are internalized by immune cells and exert immunomodulatory functions in vitro. Porcine MEx can accumulate in the small intestine, rich in macrophages. No information is available on the immunomodulatory ability of porcine MEx on porcine monocytes, which are known precursors of gut macrophages. Therefore, this study aims at (1) assessing the in vitro uptake of porcine MEx by porcine monocytes (CD14+), and (2) evaluating the in vitro impact of porcine MEx on porcine monocytes immune functions. MEx were purified by ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The monocytes’ internalization of PKH26-labeled MEx was examined using fluorescence microscopy. Monocytes were incubated with increasing exosome concentrations and their apoptosis and viability were measured. Lastly, the ability of MEx to modulate the cells’ immune activities was evaluated by measuring monocytes’ phagocytosis, the capacity of killing bacteria, chemotaxis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. MEx were internalized by porcine monocytes in vitro. They also decreased their chemotaxis and phagocytosis, and increased ROS production. Altogether, this study provides insights into the role that MEx might play in pigs’ immunity by demonstrating that MEx are internalized by porcine monocytes in vitro and exert immunomodulatory effects on inflammatory functions.
New Insights on Solar Wind-Cosmic Ray Role-play in Rainfall
Authors: Syiemlieh Rissnalin , Saikia Eeshankur 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Though the Solar-Galactic interaction in the terrestrial environment is a well-known phenomenon for the formation of rain-yielding clouds, the study of this event in a predominantly monsoon-dependent region such as India, is ignored due to its relatively lesser influence on the total rainfall. However, since ocean currents and hence monsoon is consistently getting transformed from a periodic and predictable system to a stochastic and unpredictable one due to anomalies, the need to understand the impact of global parameters on local rainfalls is enormous today. From our study, it is not only confirmed that Solar Wind and Cosmic Rays play major roles in the formation of rain-yielding clouds even at geographical locations where more than 70% of the total rainfall is caused by monsoons, but also found that there is a dominant and consistent period of around 4.66 years, which is very significant as it happens to be the period of Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO). Besides helping in strategic planning for rain-dependent events at the global level, the results obtained are expected to detect and predict local anomalies in the terrestrial environment due to variations in the Earth-Moon and Solar-Galactic system.
Effect of angular distortion and axial misalignment on the fatigue strength of welded and grinded mild steel cruciform joints.
Authors: Laher Benjamin , Buzzi Christian , Leitner Martin , Brunnhofer Peter 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The focus of this work is to investigate the fatigue strength of a cruciform joint one-sided through-welded by a VH seam with a backing layer made of a 10 mm thick S355 mild steel. The aim is, firstly to analyse the effect of the deformation state incorporating angular distortion and axial misalignment on the fatigue strength of the tested specimens. Secondly, the analysis of the benefit by grinding as post-treatment method on the resulting fatigue performance. The deformation impact is numerically investigated utilizing geometry measurements of the specimens as well as strain gauge measurements for validation. Thereby, the near notch stress under clamping condition without any load and under an additional static nominal load is analysed. Based on these investigations, the applied stress range for each tested specimen is converted to a “deformation-free” condition by means of the IIW-recommended km-factor. The statistical analyses of the data points with and without this modification reveals a significant impact by the deformation state on both, the evaluated fatigue strength and the scatter band. Moreover, this affects the evaluated benefit by grinding as post-treatment, whereas an increase of more than 40% in the fatigue strength at two million cycles is observed using the modified data points.
Global Warming Determines Future Increase in Compound Dry and Hot Days within Wheat Growing Seasons Worldwide
Authors: He Yan , Zhao Yanxia , Sun Shao , Fang Jiayi , Zhang Yi , Sun Qing , Liu Li , Duan Yihong , Hu Xiaokang , Shi Peijun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Compound drought and hot extremes are proved to be the most damaging climatic stressor to wheat production thereby with grave implications for global food security, thus it is critical to systematically reveal their future changes under unabated global warming. In this study, we comprehensively investigate the global changes of compound dry and hot days (CDHD) during dynamic wheat growing seasons of 2015–2100 under 4 socio-economic scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5) based on the latest downscaled Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models. The results demonstrate a notable increase in CDHD’s frequency (CDHDf) and severity (CDHDs) in the future, by the end of 21st century, global average (CDHDf) and (CDHDs) are expected to increase by 6.5 ~ 27.5 days and 0.43 ~ 1.43 with reference to 1995–2014. Adopting a low forcing pathway will reduce CDHD in up to 95.1% of wheat planting grids. As the top 10 wheat producer, Ukraine, Turkey and America will suffer much more and stronger CDHD in future wheat growing seasons under all SSPs. Global warming will dominate the future increase of CDHD worldwide directly by promoting hot days to increase and indirectly by enhancing potential evapotranspiration (PET) thereby promoting drought events. This study helps to optimize adaptation strategies for mitigating risks from CDHD on wheat production, and provides new insights and analysis paradigm for investigating future variations in compound extremes occurring within dynamic crops growing seasons worldwide.
Multifunctional Fucoidan-loaded Zn-MOF-Encapsulated Microneedles for MRSA-Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Jiang Zichao , Li Jingyi , Wang Jiahao , Pan Yixiao , Liang Shuailong , Hu Yihe , Wang Long 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Infected wound healing remains a serious challenge in clinical practice due to I) infection by diverse pathogens with drug resistance; II) long-term inflammation of lesions, which inhibits tissue regeneration; and III) infection by pathogens that can survive intracellularly to evade antibiotic treatment. Microneedle patches as wound dressings with antibacterial activity and regeneration capacity are desirable for wound healing. Herein, we used a Zn-MOF (ZIF) loaded with low molecular weight fucoidan (Fu) and further coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) as a biomedical agent to fabricate a microneedle patch (HAZ@Fu MN) that can realize transdermal drug delivery, intracellular and extracellular antibacterial activity and combination therapy for MRSA-infected wounds. Multifunctional HAZ@Fu NPs are mixed with photocrosslinked gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and then loaded into the tips of the MN patch. Enabling the HAZ@Fu NPs to reach the deep layer of the dermis, further targeting surviving MRSA at the subcellular level, which is facilitated by the HA coating. The released Zn2+ and Fu can damage the bacterial capsule, and also conducive to tissue regeneration. It has been demonstrated that HAZ@Fu MN, benefiting from these features, can dramatically inhibit MRSA and accelerate epithelial regeneration, inflammation resolution and neovascularization. The therapeutic effects of HAZ@Fu MN were demonstrated with MRSA-infected full-thickness cutaneous wounds in a mouse model. These results indicate that the combination of HAZ@Fu and degradable MN is of great value for promoting infected wound healing.
A study on psychological traits of long-term fieldworkers
Authors: Kojima Yasuo , Takahashi Kohske , Matsuura Naoki , Shimada Masaki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Fieldwork researchers may be extremely deprived of routine and familiarity, over a period of weeks, months, or even years, and this leads to a major challenge for them in terms of appropriately coping with stress. However, the literature that describe fieldworkers maintain their physical and mental wellbeing under these conditions and their experiences is lacking. This study aims to elucidate the adaptation of fieldworkers to life in the field, their experiences, and learning from their experience.
Methods
Based on interviews with 10 researchers (male: 7; female: 3) in various disciplines, such as zoology, anthropology, and ecology, we examined the psychological characteristics that make such fieldwork possible. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the participants. A qualitative analysis of their narratives was conducted.
Results
The results led to six major categories encompassing 35 and 19 small and medium categories, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that experiences unique to fieldwork were extracted such as the assumption that unplanned events may occur, the ability to enjoy local lifestyles and relationships with people while receiving support, and the feeling that can only be experienced by crossing a boundary into a world that is overwhelmingly different from one's everyday life. Moreover, the results indicated that years of fieldwork experience may influence values and attitudes as well as the manner of engagement in interpersonal relationships.
Conclusions
The findings revealed that fieldworkers, regardless of their discipline, have a unique research style and attitude deeply related to the fact that they have to conduct their research activities based on the assumption that things do not go on as planned, a curiosity for sensations, and new stimuli that can only be experienced by crossing over into a world that is overwhelmingly different from everyday life. A flexible mindset enables them to acknowledge and enjoy that the world is comprised of a diverse range of landscapes. The results also indicated that years of fieldwork experience may influence the values and attitudes of an individual, as well as the nature of one’s interpersonal relationships.
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest: A Secondary Analysis of Multicenter Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry Data in Japan
Authors: Tanizawa Shu , Kojima Mitsuaki , Shoko Tomohisa , Inoue Akihiko , Hifumi Toru , Sakamoto Tetsuya , Kuroda Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is used to resuscitate patients with cardiac arrest; however, its effectiveness in treating hypothermic cardiac arrest has not been well studied. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the characteristics and outcomes of patients with hypothermic cardiac arrest who underwent ECPR using a multicenter out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) registry in Japan.
Methods
Patients with hypothermic OHCA with body temperature below 32°C were identified, and their baseline characteristics were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality and neurological outcomes in patients with hypothermic OHCA. A comparison of outcomes between hypothermic and cardiogenic OHCA cases was also conducted using propensity score matching to investigate differences among subgroups.
Results
We included 2,157 patients, with 102 and 1,644 in the hypothermia and cardiogenic groups, respectively. In the multivariate logistic analysis, age (odds ratio [OR], 1.05; p < 0.01) and estimated low-flow time (OR, 1.02; p = 0.04) were independent risk factors for mortality, and age (OR, 1.06; p < 0.01) was an independent risk factor for unfavorable neurological outcomes in hypothermic OHCA. In the propensity score matching analysis, 62 matched pairs were selected, and the mortality rate was lower in the hypothermic group than in the cardiogenic group (46.8% vs. 83.9%, p < 0.01). Additionally, the rate of unfavorable neurological outcomes was lower in the hypothermic group than in the cardiogenic group (64.5% vs. 95.2%, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Increased age and prolonged duration of low-flow time were identified as negative prognostic factors in patients with hypothermic OHCA who underwent ECPR. Moreover, patients with hypothermic OHCA showed lower mortality and unfavorable neurological outcome rates than patients with cardiogenic OHCA, suggesting that ECPR is a promising strategy for treating patients with hypothermic OHCA.
Exploring the differences in precipitation moisture sources and their mechanisms during the rainy season in northwest China
Authors: Wang zhilan , Zhang Mingjun , Sun Meiping , Che Cunwei , Lu Rui , Liu Lingling 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Moisture sources, as the material basis, will directly influence the regional precipitation variability. However, there are limited understanding of the characteristics and mechanisms of climate variability and the combined influence of multiple atmospheric circulation systems over the Northwest China (NW). Thus, this studying uses ERA5 reanalysis data, atmospheric circulation index and 128 observation stations in rainy season from 1960-2017. Based on the moisture budget equation, the characteristics of precipitation change and its influence mechanism were analyzed in wet and drought years. The results show that the precipitation showed a significant upward trend during 1960-2017,with a climate tendency rate was 2.8 mm/10a and a huge difference in changes between western and eastern regions. The NW was dominated by westerly water vapor transport. During the wet year, the western region was controlled by the Mongol-Baikal high pressure and the eastern region was controlled by the Western North Pacific high pressure, both of which form abnormal anticyclones. The western Pacific subtropical high pressure extends westward. During the drought year, the western region was controlled by the Mongolia-Baikal low pressure,while the eastern region was controlled by the western North Pacific high pressure, which resulted in the formation of an anomalous cyclone and an anomalous anticyclone, respectively. Over the last 58 years, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has shifted from positive to negative phase, however Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) is the opposite. These shifts caused anomalies in the monsoon and westerly circulation, which induced anomalies in the dynamical processes of the vertical moisture advection term.
Antiviral activity of Astragalus Polysacharin against PRRSV infection in vitro
Authors: Zhang Pengxuan , Deng Jiayu , Wang Taifa , He Chunhua , Tang Xiaoming , Zhao Song , Zhang Chao , Ge Shenghu , Lin Yuan , Zhai Wang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the major respiratory difficulties and reproductive disorders-related virus that greatly threats global swine industry, while the commercial vaccines can not provide complete protection against PRRSV infection, and the promising anti-PRRSV drugs are not available. In this study, a PRRSV strain (namely HeN-ZZ) was successfully isolated from the lung sample in a PRRSV-positive farm, and its genetic and biological characteristics were analyzed. Moreover, the effects of Astragalus Polysacharin (APS) on PRRSV infection in marc-145 cells were investigated. The results showed that the viral titer of HeN-ZZ strain proliferated in marc-145 cells reached to 106.56 TCID50/mL, further molecular analysis based on the complete genome showed that HeN-ZZ strain belonged to the sublineage 8.7 (HP-PRRSV) and which was a recombinant between the sublineage 8.7 (JXA1-like) and lineage 5 (VR2232-like) strains. Using HeN-ZZ strain as a model, the results demonstrated that APS displayed efficient antiviral activities against PRRSV infection in a dose manner, with a 50% effective concentration of 2.5 µg/mL. ASP treatment inhibited the expression of viral N gene and reduced progeny virus production, mainly via suppressing viral entry and replication stages. Furthermore, ASP treatment significantly alleviated the inflammatory responses induced by PRRSV infection, suggested that ASP inhibited PRRSV infection in vitro via reducing virus -induced inflammation. These findings indicate that ASP has the potential to be used as a compound for PRRS treatment, while further animal experiments are needed to confirm its anti-PRRSV activity.
Modeling the spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem service values under predicted land-use change: An example from the Dianchi watershed
Authors: Wang Qisheng , Xie Zhiqiang , Liang Yixin , Deng Zhanting , Jiang Fengshan , Fu Xingfeng , Wen Guang , Zhao Lei , Wang Zhanhui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, China's Yunnan Province has witnessed rapid urbanization, together with a steady advancement of economic construction in the central and western parts of the country. The Dianchi watershed is a region with the highest level of urbanization in Yunnan Province; therefore, the area is characterized by a high number of people migrating into the watershed, a huge shift in the land-use structure of the watershed, and a huge pressure on the ecosystem. This paper analyzed the land-use change patterns in the Dianchi watershed in 2000, 2010, and 2020. Second, this paper identified the driving factors and used the GeoSOS–FLUS model to simulate and forecast the land use data of the Dianchi watershed in 2030. The land use evaluation results were obtained by modifying the Xie Ecosystem Service Value Equivalent Scale (ESVES). The ecosystem service value (ESV) of the Dianchi watershed in 2030 was assessed.The results of this study show that:(1) The GeoSOS–FLUS model, which had an overall accuracy (OA) of 0.83. Moreover, a Kappa coefficient of 0.79 (greater than 0.75) indicated that the model can predict the land use situation in the study area in 2030 more accurately. (2)The prediction results indicated that in the Dianchi watershed, the construction land increased the most, and the cultivated land decreased the most. (3)The ESV assessment results revealed that the value of various ecosystem services in the Dianchi watershed increased from 2000 to 2030. However, the value of arable land and wetlands decreased from 2020 to 2030.2000,2010,2020and2030,the contribution of ecological services of watersheds was the highest, followed by the contribution of forest land, grassland, and arable land.（4）Because of the rapid increase in the living and economic standards of the public, the ESV increased the most between 2000 and 2010. This paper analyzed and predicted the land use structure of the Dianchi watershed, as well as assessed the ESVs of the watershed in the context of its socioeconomic development. The results can be used for ecological protection and rational land development in the Dianchi watershed.
Treatments and prognostic factors for bone and soft tissue sarcoma in non-urban areas in Japan.
Authors: Nakamura Nobuko , Hasebe Shinji , Yamanaka Shintaro , Fujii Tomomi , Fujibuchi Taketsugu , Kitani Teruki , Takeuchi Kazuto , Sato Yasushi , Shindo Yoshitaro , Ozaki Toshifumi , Nishisho Toshihiro , Tabata Masahiro , Yakushijin Yoshihiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
(Background) Although bone and soft tissue sarcoma is recognized as a rare cancer that originates throughout the body, few comprehensive reports regarding it have been published in Japan. (Patients and Methods) Bone and soft tissue sarcomas were tabulated from the Cancer Registries at eight university hospitals in the Chugoku-Shikoku region. Prognostic factors in cases were extracted in a single facility and have been analyzed. (Results) From 2016 to 2019, 3.4 patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas per a general population of 100,000 were treated at eight university hospitals. The number of patients who underwent multidisciplinary treatment involving collaboration among multiple clinical departments has been increasing recently. In the analysis carried out at a single institute (Ehime University Hospital), a total of 127 patients (male/female: 54/73) with an average age of 67.0 y (median 69.5) were treated for four years, with a 5-year survival rate of 55.0%. In the analysis of prognostic factors by multivariate, disease stage, renal function (creatinine), and a patient’s mobility and physical capability were strongly associated with patient prognosis regarding bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Interestingly, age did not affect the patient’s prognosis (> 70 vs ≦ 70). (Conclusion) Physical and social factors may affect the prognosis of patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas, especially those living in non-urban areas.