bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revitalizing the grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Dong Shikui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGrassland is the largest ecosystem on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and provides multiple ecosystem functions and services. Understanding the endowment of the QTP grassland and how to revitalize it have profound implications for the sustainable use and efficient conservation of these unique and globally valuable ecosystems. In this paper, we highlight the importance of the QTP grassland in regional and global settings, stress the values of the QTP grassland in ecological and socioeconomic dimensions, and emphasize the actions needed to restore degraded grassland in the QTP region. The QTP is the largest single area of alpine grassland in the world and an important gene pool of alpine biological resources. The QTP grassland covers two critical ecoregions for conserving the best and most representative habitats for alpine biodiversity on the planet. The QTP grassland is also regarded as one of the best carriers and objects of socio‐ecological systems in the world. To promote the resilience and sustainability of the QTP grassland through adaptation, different parties need to work together to find feasible options to resist shock, stresses, and disturbance and to maintain the fundamental functions and basic structures of the QTP grassland.
Investigating the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and factors affecting it: A cross‐sectional study at Dr. Moaven Hospital, Sahneh City from 2014 to 2021
Authors: Ziapour Arash , Hatami Garosi Vahid , Tamri Yasaman , Ghazvineh Shohreh , Azizi Ali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsCardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is referred to an attempt to maintain the respiratory system and blood circulation active to oxygenate the body's important organs until the heart and blood circulation system return to normal. CPR results are influenced by a variety of circumstances and factors. The purpose of this study was to look into the outcomes of CPR and the factors that influence them at the Dr. Moaven Hospital in Sahneh.MethodsThis cross‐sectional descriptive study was carried out retrospectively from the start of 2014 to the start of 2021. Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences provides hospitals with a two‐page form for data collection. After entering the data into SPSS24, descriptive and inferential statistical tests were applied to analyze the results.ResultsOut of 497 patients who referred to Dr. Moaven Hospital in Sahne City, 280 were men and 217 were women, with a resuscitation success rate of 22.5% in men and 23.5% in women. CPR was conducted on 63.2% of patients in the emergency department, with 22.2% of them having successful CPR. The existence of the underlying disease had a statistically significant link with the outcomes of CPR (p = 0.007). The most prevalent cause for visit was cardiorespiratory arrest (30.6%), and there was no statistically significant difference between the diagnostic and reason for visit and the outcome of resuscitation, according to the χ2 test.ConclusionAccording to the findings of this study, increasing age and duration of CPR, the existence of underlying diseases, and the absence of shockable rhythms all reduce the likelihood of success in CPR.
Relation between athletic club affiliation from school age and future serum free testosterone levels in Japan: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kato Yuki , Shigehara Kazuyoshi , Nakagawa Tomomi , Kawaguchi Shohei , Izumi Kouji , Kadono Yoshifumi , Mizokami Atsushi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsTestosterone deficiency is often related to geriatric syndrome including erectile dysfunction, osteo‐porosis, depression, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular diseases and frailty. Despite the existence of many studies on short‐term exercise and serum testosterone levels, few research have focused on exercise habits from young age and testosterone values in middle‐aged male. In this study, we investigated whether belonging to an athletic club from school age could predict serum‐free testosterone (FT) levels.MethodsThe subjects were 1609 middle‐aged male outpatients aged 40 years or older (median: 61 years, interquartile range: 54–69) who visited our hospital. Participants had their FT values measured in the morning hours during the period from December 2007 to June 2009. A questionnaire survey on exercise habits was conducted at the same time as the measurements. The exercise habit questionnaire was created based on whether the patients belonged to an athletic club in (a) elementary school, (b) junior high school, (c) high school, (d) college, (e) adult life, and (f) at the time of the test.ResultsThere was only one positive response to the questionnaire among 456 patients (28% of total), followed by zero for 358 patients (22% of total). The number of patients with low‐testosterone levels (FT < 8.5 pg/mL) according to the Japanese diagnostic criteria for late‐onset of hypogonadism was 839 (52.1%). In multivariate analysis, it was shown that with low‐testosterone levels (FT < 8.5 pg/mL), age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.065, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.052–1.079; p < 0.001), hypertension (OR: 3.489, 95% CI: 2.728–4.462; p < 0.001), type‐2 diabetes (OR: 3.035, 95% CI: 2.296–4.01; p < 0.001), and dyslipidemia (OR: 2.039, 95% CI: 1.558–2.668; p < 0.001) were risk factors, and more than two positive responses to the questionnaire (OR: 0.886, 95% CI: 0.802–0.980; p = 0.018) were also a significant independent factor.ConclusionA sports club membership during school years may affect future testosterone levels.
Seasons, stress, salience, and support for cooperative groundwater management
Authors: Suter Jordan , Guilfoos Todd , Schoengold Karina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCooperative management of shared groundwater resources in the High Plains region of the United States is critical to support sustainable agricultural‐based economies. This research uses a repeat‐sample survey of agricultural producers in the states of Colorado and Nebraska to analyze how seasonal changes and variation in stress and salience influence support for groundwater management. We find that support for groundwater management tends to be lower in the fall, when agricultural producers are engaged in harvest activities. The results also reveal that changes in the salience of commodity prices and water availability can drive changes in support for groundwater management.
Water/organic liquid interface properties with amine, carboxyl, thiol, and methyl terminal groups as seen from MD simulations
Authors: Capar M. Ilk , Cetin A. , Zakharov A. V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations were performed to study structural and dynamic properties of polar butanamine/water/butanamine, pentanoic acid/water/pentanoic acid, butanethiol/water/butanethiol, and nonpolar pentane/water/pentane systems. The mass density profiles along the interface normal to the organic liquid/water system, the difference in the local structure of HO molecules in bulk and in the vicinity of interface, as well as the diffusion behavior of water molecules at the interface with above‐mentioned organic liquids have been investigated. Our MD simulation has shown that the diffusion of water molecules across the water/organic liquid interface is influenced by the hydrogen bonds between water molecules and the terminal groups of organic liquids. It was found that the loss of the hydrogen bonds in the nonpolar organic liquid leads to a decrease in the value of the normal component of the diffusion coefficient , while the tangential diffusion coefficients, both and , increase.
Superior mesenteric artery Doppler parameters in the evaluation of fetal hyperechogenic bowel
Authors: Akkuş Fatih , Doğru Şükran 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and clinical effects of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) Doppler indices such as the systole diastole ratio (S/D), Pulsatility (PI), and resistance index (RI) in the diagnosis of hyperechogenic bowel.MethodsA total of 133 pregnant women, including 66 with hyperechogenic bowel and 67 controls, were enrolled in the study. All participants were evaluated in the second trimester by an experienced obstetrician. Doppler measurements were performed, including superior mesenteric artery peak systolic velocity, S/D ratio, PI, and RI. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the Doppler parameters between the hyperechogenic bowel and control groups.ResultsNo significant differences were found between the hyperechogenic bowel and control groups in terms of age, body mass index, gestational week, and fetal measurements. While SMA peak systolic velocity (PSV) showed no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.074), the S/D ratio (4.01 ± 0.59 vs. 3.27 ± 0.57, p = 0.0001), PI (1.51 ± 0.15 vs. 1.29 ± 0.06, p = 0.0001), RI (0.76 ± 0.05 vs. 0.67 ± 0.04, p = 0.0001) were significantly higher in the hyperechogenic bowel group compared to the control group. Screening tests based on Doppler parameters also demonstrated significant differences. The S/D ratio, PI, and RI exhibited good to excellent diagnostic accuracy, as indicated by the area under the curve values. Pregnant women with a high RI value of 0.72 were 101 times more likely to be diagnosed with HB. The odds ratio (OR) for diagnosing HB is 101.66 (CI 95%, 31.04–332.97).ConclusionDoppler indices, specifically the S/D ratio, PI, and RI, showed strong predictive ability and diagnostic accuracy in identifying cases of hyperechogenic bowel. These findings suggest that Doppler ultrasound can serve as a valuable tool for evaluating hyperechogenic bowel and may provide important clinical implications. Further diagnostic tests are warranted to determine the underlying cause of hyperechogenic bowel in individual cases.
Predictors of turnover amongst volunteers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Forner Vivien W. , Holtrop Djurre , Boezeman Edwin J. , Slemp Gavin R. , Kotek Magdalena , Kragt Darja , Askovic Mina , Johnson Anya 
Published: August 2023

SummaryVolunteers represent a global workforce equivalent to 61 million full‐time workers. A significant decline in volunteering has highlighted the urgency to better understand and address turnover amongst volunteers. To address this, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of turnover amongst volunteers. We also examined whether staying or leaving has different predictors. The meta‐analysis integrated and synthesized 117 studies, encompassing 1104 effect sizes across 55 335 volunteer workers, to identify and quantify relationships between turnover and the broad range of variables that have been examined in the volunteer work domain. Amongst the strongest predictors of volunteer turnover were attitudinal variables, in particular, job satisfaction (ρ = −.58), affective commitment (ρ = −.58), engagement (ρ = −.54) and organizational commitment (ρ = −.54). Contextual variables that showed the largest effects included communication (ρ = .62), organizational support (ρ = −.61) and the quality of the relationship between volunteers and their leader (leader‐member exchange, ρ = −.55). We synthesize our findings into an integrative framework delineating the predictors of volunteer turnover. In doing so, we extend turnover research to consider non‐remunerated work contexts and provide a basis for developing turnover theory that is responsive to the unique experience of volunteers.
Does receiving knowledge catalyze creativity? A dyadic‐level contingency model of knowledge type and psychological closeness on knowledge elaboration
Authors: Ling Chu‐Ding , He Wei , Gong Yaping , Liu Wu , Cho Vincent 
Published: August 2023

SummaryDoes receiving knowledge necessarily catalyze the recipient's creativity? Drawing upon the literature on knowledge management, we propose a dyadic‐level contingency model in which the type of received knowledge (i.e., explicit vs. tacit) from the partner and the recipient's psychological closeness to the partner jointly determine the recipient's knowledge elaboration and consequent creativity as catalyzed by the partner's knowledge (i.e., catalytic creativity). Results based on three samples from various settings show that receiving tacit knowledge from a partner leads a recipient to elaborate the received knowledge, and this relationship is stronger when the recipient's psychological closeness to the partner is higher. This dyadic‐level knowledge elaboration in turn boosts the recipient's catalytic creativity. In contrast, receiving explicit knowledge from a partner generally has a much weaker effect on the recipient's elaboration of the knowledge, regardless of whether the recipient's psychological closeness to the partner is high or low. We extend research on dyadic‐level creativity by illustrating (a) the differential effects of explicit versus tacit knowledge receiving and (b) the recipient's knowledge elaboration as a mechanism and dyadic psychological closeness as a boundary condition for such differential effects.
Thriving in the face of youth unemployment: The role of personal and social resources
Authors: Atay Bünyamin , Güneri Oya Yerin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExtensive research indicated that unemployment has detrimental impacts upon psychological well‐being of young individuals. Nevertheless, psychological well‐being of unemployed college graduates remained unexamined in the existing literature. The current study sought to investigate the direct and indirect roles of self, social, and work resources on the mental health of unemployed college graduates (N = 291). The results of path analysis pointed out that only self‐esteem, employment hope, and family social support were directly linked with psychological well‐being. Additionally, there were indirect paths from work–role centrality, self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, and job search motivation to psychological well‐being via employment hope.
Plant Nutrition in the Roman empire
Authors: Tietz Werner , von Minckwitz Marie‐Christine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article presents various techniques for plant nutrition in the ancient world, namely ancient Rome. It discusses the attempts of Roman farmers to ameliorate their soil by ways of spreading manure, green manuring, and applying mineral fertilizers and other materials thought of as improving the soil. The relevant information is taken mainly from Roman literary texts that pose their own difficulties to the reader being, above all, highly stylized products of art rather than practical handbooks. Such information can nevertheless be contrasted with recent observations on the effectiveness of these methods. It is shown that ancient knowledge contributed considerably to developing a remarkably successful—if somewhat flawed with respect to scientific details—strategy of improving annual yields and thus supporting the Roman urban culture and demographic stability, with a general level of nutrition reached in Europe and North America only after World War II.
Temperature Profile Measurement From Radiofrequency Nasal Airway Reshaping Device
Authors: Abello Eric H. , Nguyen Theodore V. , Dilley Katelyn K. , Hong Donggyoon , Kim Justin S. , Nair Pranav S. , Bitner Benjamin F. , Jia Wangcun , Wong Brian J. F. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveNasal airway obstruction (NAO) is caused by various disorders including nasal valve collapse (NVC). A bipolar radiofrequency (RF) device (VivAer®, Aerin Medical, Sunnyvale, CA) has been used to treat NAO through RF heat generation to the upper lateral cartilage (ULC). The purpose of this study is to measure temperature elevations in nasal tissue, using infrared (IR) radiometry to map the spatial and temporal evolution of temperature.Study DesignExperimental and computational.MethodsComposite porcine nasal septum was harvested and sectioned (1 mm and 2 mm). The device was used to heat the cartilage in composite porcine septum. An IR camera (FLIR® ExaminIR, Teledyne, Wilsonville, OR) was used to image temperature on the back surface of the specimen. These data were incorporated into a heat transfer finite element model that also calculated tissue damage using Arrhenius rate process.ResultsIR temperature imaging showed peak back surface temperatures of 49.57°C and 42.21°C in 1 and 2 mm thick septums respectively. Temperature maps were generated demonstrating the temporal and spatial evolution of temperature. A finite element model generated temperature profiles with respect to time and depth. Rate process models using Arrhenius coefficients showed 30% chondrocyte death at 1 mm depth after 18 s of RF treatment.ConclusionThe use of this device creates a thermal profile that may result in thermal injury to cartilage. Computational modeling suggests chondrocyte death extending as deep as 1.4 mm below the treatment surface. Further studies should be performed to improve dosimetry and optimize the heating process to reduce potential injury. Laryngoscope, 134:1063–1070, 2024
Early Postoperative Complications in Microtia Reconstruction: An Analysis of the NSQIP‐P Database
Authors: Sharma Rahul K. , DeSisto Nicole G. , Ortiz Alexandra S. , Landeen Kelly C. , Yang Shiayin F. , Stephan Scott J. , Patel Priyesh N. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesMicrotia and anotia repair require techniques that consider both aesthetics and function. The outcomes of different reconstructive frameworks such as costal cartilage or a porous polyethylene implant have not been evaluated on a national scale. We aim to understand differences in outcomes/complication rates and operative times between different reconstructive frameworks used in microtia/anotia reconstruction.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database between 2012–2019. Patients with ICD‐9/10 codes for microtia/anotia were isolated. Reconstruction methods were identified using CPT codes for rib graft, ear cartilage graft, and alloplastic implants (biocompatible implants, porous polyethylene, etc). Outcomes included operative‐time, wound complications, and unplanned re‐operations within 30 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to control for confounders.ResultsWe included 593 patients for analysis. Reconstruction with rib grafts (N = 506, 85%) was the most common. In 58 patients (9.8%), an implant was used for the auricular framework, whereas in 47 (7.9%) ear cartilage grafts were used. The overall wound complication rate was 3.4%. On univariate analysis, alloplastic implants exhibited a higher rate of wound complications (8.6% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.037) and longer operative times (350 min vs. 235 min, p < 0.001). After controlling for demographics and comorbidities, implants conferred an independently increased risk of wound complications (OR 3.52, 1.10–9.54, p = 0.020).ConclusionAlthough the use of alloplastic implants (e.g., porous polyethylene) may confer an increased risk of early complications, the long‐term clinical implications of these findings are unclear relative to aesthetic benefits. Multi‐institutional studies are needed to validate these findings using patient‐specific and surgeon‐specific data.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:1214–1219, 2024
Integrated Microring Spectrometer with In‐Hardware Compressed Sensing to Break the Resolution‐Bandwidth Limit for General Continuous Spectrum Analysis
Authors: Sun Chunlei , Chen Zequn , Ye Yuting , Weng Yang , Lei Kunhao , Ma Hui , Wei Maoliang , Zhong Chuyu , Lin Hongtao , Li Lan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicrospectrometers have numerous applications in mobile optical sensing due to their dramatic advantages of compact size, light weight, and low power consumption. Reconstructive spectrometers, based on computational algorithms, have garnered considerable interest as they exhibit superior resolution or spectral bandwidth. However, existing reconstructive spectrometer designs face challenges in spectral applicability, algorithm robustness, and the resolution‐bandwidth limit. Here, a reconstructive spectrometer that utilizes a microring resonator (MRR) is proposed to achieve compressed sensing in hardware by decomposing an arbitrary continuous spectrum into a series of simple comb spectra. Owing to the presparse operation of the MRR, one needs to construct the comb spectra with a known line shape, only leaving the amplitude to be solved. Consequent random gratings measure the comb spectra, which are reconstructed with high robustness. Thanks to the independent engineering of spectral resolution and bandwidth, the approach breaks the traditional resolution‐bandwidth limit. A narrowband signal of a dual peak at 0.2 nm and a broadband spectrum with a large spectral bandwidth of 60 nm and 300 spectral channels using only eight physical channels is retrieved, achieving an ultrahigh reconstructive compression ratio of 37.5. This work opens up the possibility of on‐site spectral spectroscopy applications for the lab‐on‐a‐chip system.
Psychometric testing of the British‐English Perceived Workplace Support Scale, Work Accommodations, Benefits, Policies and Practices Scale, and Work Transitions Index in four rheumatic and musculoskeletal conditions
Authors: Hammond Alison , Tennant Alan , Ching Angela , Parker Jennifer , Prior Yeliz , Gignac Monique A. M. , Verstappen Suzanne M. M. , O’Brien Rachel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aims were to validate linguistically British‐English versions of the Perceived Workplace Support Scale (PWSS), Work Accommodations, Benefits, Policies and Practices Scale (WABPPS), and Work Transitions Index (WTI) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), osteoarthritis (OA) and fibromyalgia (FM).MethodsThe three scales were adapted into British‐English and reviewed by an expert panel prior to cognitive debriefing interviews. Participants completed postal questionnaires. Construct validity for the PWSS was assessed using Rasch analysis. Concurrent validity included testing between the three scales and work, job strain and work‐life balance scales. Two weeks later, participants were mailed a second questionnaire to measure test‐retest reliability.ResultsThe questionnaire was completed by 831 employed participants: 68% women, 53.50 (SD 8.9) years of age, with condition duration 7.70 (SD 8.00) years. The PWSS satisfied Rasch model requirements. Concurrent validity was mostly as hypothesised, that is, weak to moderate negative correlations for the PWSS (rs = 0.07 to −0.61), and weak to moderate positive correlations for the WABPPS and WTI (rs = 0.20–0.52). Some correlations were stronger, mostly in axSpA. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) for all three scales was consistent with group use in all conditions. Test‐retest reliability was generally excellent, with intraclass coefficients (2,1) of 0.80–0.93 for the three scales in the four conditions.DiscussionReliable, valid versions of the British‐English PWSS, WABPPS, and WTI are now available for use in research, organisational level studies and vocational rehabilitation.