bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Demographic Factors Influencing Indian Nursing Students’ Willingness to Volunteer
Authors: Prashar Pradeepti , Sharma Dinesh Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the demographic determinants influencing nursing students’ intentions to volunteer during health emergencies in India, providing insights that can inform policy and educational interventions to enhance their engagement and effectiveness in crisis situations.

Methods
A comprehensive cross-sectional survey was conducted among final-year nursing students, utilizing an online self-administered questionnaire developed through an extensive review of existing literature. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS software tool.

Results
Four hundred nursing students participated in the study. The analysis showed that age, marital status, location, family income, educational program, and district strongly influence volunteer inclinations. Although they face challenges, nursing students’ desire to help during emergencies shows their dedication and importance within health care. Strategic assistance, flexible training, and recognition can increase volunteerism. Giving nursing students resources and support makes them confident, equipped, and motivated to respond to emergencies, improving community resilience and emergency health care.

Conclusions
This study enhances our understanding of demographic influences on volunteerism and informs strategies to foster a more robust and willing nursing workforce in India for future health emergencies. Future research should focus on understanding psychological factors in other states of India.
A review of the effectiveness of short-time work programmes: The Spanish case from a comparative perspective
Authors: Vaquero García Alberto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article evaluates short-time work (STW) schemes, known as temporary labour adjustment plans in Spain, from a comparative perspective. The use of STW schemes in the European Union during the COVID pandemic contained the redundancy processes that traditionally occur during adjustments to economic crises. These programmes not only made it possible to maintain employment but also allowed for a much faster economic recovery. The main contribution of this article is that it studies the functioning and results of this type of action in Spain and also considers the effects in other countries. This policy watch exercise also points to some recommendations for improving the functioning of STW schemes.
From blitzkrieg to blitzscaling: Assessing the impact of venture capital dynamics on military norms
Authors: Schwarz Elke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Venture capital (VC) has recently emerged as a powerful new actor in the military domain. In the USA, VC investment in defence startups doubled between 2019 and 2022. A similar trend is noticeable in Europe, where billions are funnelled into AI-drone startup companies, spurred by escalating conflicts around the globe. VC investment is a ‘high-risk-high-reward’ way of financing military technologies, which requires fast-paced exponential growth at scale (‘blitzscaling’) and the disruption of existing markets. But with disruption comes debris. What happens when military organisations, which must navigate ethical questions pertaining to life and death, become shaped in the image of Silicon Valley and VC funding? This paper argues that the VC sector exerts a significant influence not only on military procurement processes but also on the direction of military operations and practices. This, in turn, has potentially significant effects on the communities and stakeholders affected by military operations, including those caught in the crosshairs of VC-backed AI technologies.
Kurdish Bildungsroman and Its Historical and Social Concerns: The Case of Sayyed Qadir Hedayati
Authors: Bezdoode Zakarya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research delves into the works of contemporary Kurdish novelist Sayyed Qadir Hedayati, specifically focusing on two of his novels: Bull Roar and Bardinah. These selected novels fall within the Bildungsroman genre, a category not commonly explored in Kurdish literature. The scarcity of such novels in the language prompted the investigation into the underlying reasons for their emergence in Hedayati's works. While Bildungsroman focuses on the formation of the individual, Hedayati's novels, very much like the early German cases of the genre, delineate the social and cultural concerns of a community. Through analysis, it is revealed that Kurdish Bildungsroman can flourish within specific historical and political contexts. The driving force behind the plot of these novels lies in the quest for identity in a controversial historical and political context. Hedayati utilizes the Bildungsroman genre to amplify the voices of a community that has grappled with marginalization. By doing so, he invites readers to immerse themselves in the intricate fabric of Kurdish life and development.
‘Digital Divide’: How Do Central and Local SOEs Respond Differently to Digitalization in China
Authors: Luo Xiaowei Rose , Wang Jun , Chen Shuangying , Chen Boyi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite the important role of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in government policy implementation, there is a lack of research on how SOEs owned by different government entities differ. We draw on an attention-based view (ABV) to understand how central government-owned (called central SOEs) and local government-owned enterprises (called local SOEs) differ in their response to digitalization, a major state objective in China in recent years. The two types of SOEs differ in the foundational feature of attention structure – the rules of the game (as embodied in their different goals, identities, and evaluation of top executives) – as well as important features such as governance structures and resources. These features can trigger more attention in central SOEs to digitalization. Given the interdependence of these features in shaping the structural distribution of attention, we further propose how governance structures and resources can influence strategic attention differently in SOEs with different rules of the game. The arguments are tested using data from all Chinese-listed manufacturing SOEs between 2009 and 2020. The study reveals different responses to national strategy between central and local SOEs due to their distinct attention structures designed by the state. It also extends the ABV and research on corporate digital transformation.
OP09 Investigating The Nature And Scope Of Innovative Payment And Pricing Schemes For Health Technologies
Authors: Ardito Vittoria , Cavallaro Ludovico , Drummond Michael , Ciani Oriana 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionInnovative pricing and payment schemes have been proposed to address the affordability issues raised by new health technologies or the uncertainty about their long-term safety and effectiveness. As part of the Horizon Europe project HI-PRIX, we investigated the nature, scope, and impact of these arrangements.Methods
We undertook a PRISMA-ScR-compliant review in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, from 2010 to 2023. We also searched health technology assessment (HTA) agency websites. The search strategy was structured around two blocks: “pricing/payment schemes,” and “innovativeness.” Studies illustrating pricing/payment schemes with sufficient level of details to explain their functioning were selected, also through a nested evaluation of an artificial-intelligence-powered tool for systematic reviews. These schemes were classified according to several criteria, such as their purpose, nature, governance, product category, data collection needs, foreseen distribution of risk, and implementation challenges. The study protocol was published in PROSPERO (CRD42023444824).Results“Innovative payment and pricing schemes” were defined as arrangements that go beyond price per unit of the technology, simple price/volume agreements, or expenditure caps. Seventy innovative schemes were identified, of which 25 were only illustrated theoretically, while 45 have been implemented in practice. So far, 170 real cases of implementation have been identified. The schemes target pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and/or medical devices. Whether designed to incorporate unique features of a given technology, or to address specific challenges, the schemes can be classified by different value drivers, including type of technology, therapeutic indication, or timeline of the agreement.ConclusionsAvailable pricing and payment schemes have the potential to offer a comprehensive toolkit to policymakers facing reimbursement and access decisions, highlighting that it is not the scheme per se that is innovative, rather its application/use in a given context or for a given challenge. The catalog populates the Pay for Innovation Observatory, a publicly available repository.
OP15 Cost-Effectiveness Of Quantitative Fecal Immunochemical Tests For Detecting Suspected Colorectal Cancer In The Context Of Colonoscopy Capacity Constraints
Authors: Biz Aline Navega , Stevenson Matt , Whyte Sophie , Hamilton Jean , Ren Shijie , Heathcote Laura , Simpson Emma , Cooper Katy , Clowes Mark , Ball Alex , Benton Sally , Carten Rachel , Kurien Matt , Monahan Kevin , Harnan Sue 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionApproximately 42,000 new cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) are diagnosed annually in the United Kingdom with 16,800 deaths. Evidence suggests that quantitative fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) are a good predictor of CRC risk in symptomatic patients presenting to primary care. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of FIT in this setting, considering capacity constraints and waiting times for subsequent colonoscopy.MethodsWe compared two diagnostic FIT strategies, at various thresholds, in the model: (i) FIT for all patients and (ii) current practice where only low-risk patients received FIT. Patients with positive FIT scores and high-risk patients in current practice received colonoscopy. Diagnostic accuracy evidence from published literature, standard UK cost sources, and other sources were used to estimate health outcomes and costs. Waiting times before colonoscopy were assumed proportional to the numbers referred, with the impact of delayed colonoscopy taken from published models. Savings per quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost and incremental net monetary benefit (INMB) were used. Uncertainty was evaluated.ResultsModel results suggested that, compared to current practice, FIT generated a positive INMB for the majority of thresholds assessed (GBP200 [USD254] to GBP350 [USD445] per patient at a willingness to pay of GBP20,000 [USD25,474] per QALY gained). A reduction in the number of patients sent to colonoscopy led to cost savings. However, these thresholds were associated with slight QALY losses due to a small proportion of false negative results associated with significantly delayed diagnosis, which outweighed the benefits associated with quicker times to colonoscopy for those with positive FIT results. Savings of over GBP100,000 (USD127,374) per QALY lost were generated. Conclusions were robust to the sensitivity analyses undertaken.ConclusionsWith capacity constraints explicitly represented in the economic modeling, offering FIT to all patients presenting to primary care with symptoms suggestive of CRC was cost effective when compared to current practice. However, the optimal threshold could not be robustly determined due to limited diagnostic accuracy data, parameter uncertainty, and limitations in the model structure; additional primary research could reduce uncertainty.
OP16 “Progress Is Impossible Without Change”: A Case Study To Feasibly Incorporate Environmental Sustainability In Health Technology Assessment
Authors: Malcolm Robert , Naylor Rebecca , Pegg Melissa 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionEnvironmental sustainability and its incorporation in health technology assessment (HTA) is becoming increasingly researched globally. However, this has yet to lead to a significant impact on HTA processes. This research presents a novel case study, demonstrating how available methods can deepen the understanding of evidence-based approaches to healthcare decision-making and support HTA sustainability policy development.MethodsA decision-analytic model was developed for a digital health technology used to support primary care in the diagnosis and triage of musculoskeletal conditions. The model mapped the potential impact on the care pathway, capturing differences in resource use, including appointments, medications, diagnostic tests, surgical procedures, and other nonpharmacological treatments. The model was populated from a UK perspective and captured both health economic impact and carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) impact. Additional potential environmental impacts were then considered qualitatively as part of the evaluation.ResultsThe health economic modeling approach captures all stages of the patient care pathway and resource use demonstrating its practicality for simultaneously mapping out the carbon impacts. This methodological approach is reproducible, transparent, and provides a standardized tool for use in future carbon-cost-comparison modeling. This would present decision-makers with more complete information. There are some limitations to this approach, such as ambiguity regarding some carbon data estimates used, but it still provides a more useful summary than no estimated quantification.ConclusionsAdapting HTA will support wider efforts in health systems to reduce environmental impacts. This model can be practically applied to account for both cost and carbon data, facilitating a holistic and environmentally sustainable approach to decision-making. As part of encouraging additional research into the environment, HTA agencies will need to provide “incentives” for companies to undertake this additional research.
OP19 Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis: Techniques To Support Environmental Sustainability Framework Development In Health Technology Assessment
Authors: Pegg Melissa , Boutell Janet , Taylor Matthew 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionTechnical and trade-off issues to incorporating environmental data in health technology assessment (HTA) decision processes are known. Multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) has been successfully used across disciplines, supporting multifaceted technology decision-making. Challenges in prioritizing environmental criteria, resource constraints, and other criteria to assess technologies can be overcome through the application of MCDA, also used in conjunction with other techniques in HTA.MethodsA systematic review of methods to evaluate environmental sustainability in HTA was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Using a comprehensive search strategy, Ovid Embase, Web of Science (all databases), PubMed, EBSCOhost GreenFILE, IEEE Xplore, international HTA database, Cochrane Library, and grey literature were searched. The review analyzed the following broad themes: methods to overcome barriers, including how methods can handle “trade-off” issues between financial and environmental considerations; resource and expertise constraints; and data quality issues. This review determined how comprehensive the methods are for assessing sustainability in HTA. Frameworks were also ranked based on their overall transparency and feasibility.ResultsThis review (SR) identified 10 key studies. Half of these studies outline MCDA models within the frameworks. All MCDA studies have been combined with other techniques to support sustainable technology decision-making HTA. Analytical MCDA models with roots in mathematics are highlighted as reproducible techniques to support multifaceted decision-making, particularly where there are conflicting criteria. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) used in conjunction with a circular economy framework for health technology supports global health system net zero and wider sustainability goals. A performance matrix model elicits outcome trade-off by assigning weights to costs, technical performance, and environmental outcomes.ConclusionsThe multidisciplinary findings of this research provide valuable insight in an area where there is currently limited research, confirming and expanding on previous scoping reviews. The results highlight several comprehensive MCDA models supporting HTA sustainability framework development. Further research is warranted into the feasibility of the frameworks. Study selection and data extraction were undertaken independently due to project time constraints.
OP26 Artificial Intelligence For Literature Screening And Selection: Does The Evidence Support Its Use In Systematic Literature Reviews?
Authors: Rekowska Dominika , Gulser Sera Sahbaz , Santpurkar Nita , Fox Grace E. , Ali Shayan , Halfpenny Nick , Nass Petra 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe past decade has seen an exponential increase in peer-reviewed clinical research literature. Consequently, preparing and updating systematic literature reviews (SLRs) is more resource intensive and costly. Artificial intelligence (AI) could potentially accelerate SLR preparation. This study presents a review of evidence evaluating the accuracy of AI methods in SLR preparation and results of a case study using DistillerSR’s AI functionality.MethodsThe review was based on a search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Embase Preprints databases using title/abstract keywords and subject heading synonyms for AI, machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), and publication screening and selection. The protocol is published on PROSPERO (CRD42023452391). To supplement this review, we conducted a case study with DistillerSR’s AI tools. We applied the AI classifiers, which use NLP to learn patterns from multiple SLRs across several indications, which encompassed over 15,000 references’ titles and abstracts. We then compared those patterns with the human responses to build an AI model that can be applied to other references.ResultsThe search identified 2,209 records. After deduplication, the titles/abstracts of 2,200 records were screened; of these, 79 full-text records were assessed. A total of 42 records met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. The majority were case studies. The most frequently reported tools were DistillerSR AI (n=9), Abstrackr (n=6), ASReview (n=2), and LiveSTART (n=2). The evidence showed efficiency gains, but accuracy varied across studies and AI tools. Results of the case study using DistillerSR’s AI tools indicated efficiency gains with adequate accuracy but with variability across different SLRs. Inclusion and exclusion of articles were consistent with the human decisions.ConclusionsThe findings of our review and case study indicated that AI can be used reliably in the screening of articles for SLRs and could improve efficiency. However, the evidence is still evolving, and additional studies are needed. There is a need for clear guidelines on the role of AI in study screening and selection for health technology assessments SLRs and submissions.
OP27 Artificial Intelligence Use In Health Technology Assessment In Low- And Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Ramos Maíra Catharina , Shimizu Helena Eri , Zimmermann Ivan Ricardo 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Health technology assessment (HTA), by investigating clinical, economic, and social consequences of technologies in a country, enhances health system equity and sustainability. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), economic constraints and inadequate access to specialized human resources present challenges. Therefore, strategies to optimize resource allocation in the health sector are necessary.MethodsA literature review was carried out, with studies that directly identified barriers or facilitators for the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in HTA being considered eligible. The texts were analyzed from the perspective of LMIC. The searches were carried out on 8 August 2023 using the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The selection was performed in two stages: (i) screening by title and abstract and (ii) evaluation of the eligibility criteria in full text.ResultsAfter conducting the search, five studies were selected for narrative synthesis. Evidence of the potential benefits of using AI in HTA in low- and middle-income countries includes rationalization of resources; reduction of the burden on health systems and minimization of human workload; efficiency in data analysis, including clinical data; prediction of economic impact; and support for managerial decision-making. However, important challenges were also raised, such as the deficiency of local infrastructure; the training and education of professionals; the lack of ethical regulation; and the organizational and political considerations of these countries.ConclusionsThere are few studies in the literature that provide scientific support on the use of AI in HTA decision-making in LMIC. The evidence points to increasing the efficiency and rationality of resources, enhancing the results arising from HTA. With this, it is expected to expand access to health technologies and enable more sustainable health systems.
OP28 Digi-HTA: The Assessment Method For Digital Health Technologies In Finland
Authors: Haverinen Jari , Falkenbach Petra , Turpeinen Miia , Röning Juha , Reponen Jarmo 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe ever-increasing number of new and innovative digital health technologies (DHTs) also sets new demands on health technology assessment (HTA) methods in addition to traditional HTA domains. In 2018, the Finnish Ministry of Social Affairs and Health recognized the need for new HTA methods for DHTs in Finland and commissioned method development.MethodsThe development work of the new HTA method for DHTs and the findings related to it were based on three substudies:(i) The new HTA method was developed through a literature review, expert interviews, and four multiprofessional workshops.(ii) Feedback about new HTA recommendations was collected from healthcare decision-makers through a web-based survey (n=24). Feedback on the developed HTA framework was collected through a web-based survey for companies offering DHT products (n=8).(iii) Initial experiences about the state of data security and protection of assessed products were gathered through the assessment process.Results
A new Digi-HTA method that supports a wide range of DHTs, such as health apps, AgeTech, artificial intelligence, and robotic solutions, was published in 2019. According to the healthcare decision-makers participating in the study, although the Digi-HTA recommendations included clear and beneficial information, their integration into healthcare decision-making processes should be improved. Responses from companies offering different DHTs indicated that the Digi-HTA framework would be an appropriate tool for performing assessments for their products. During the assessments, deficiencies in compliance with the best practices of data security and protection as well as data security problems were found.ConclusionsThe rapid development of DHTs requires that the HTA methods also adapt to the development so that no new and innovative products are excluded from the assessments. In addition to the value of DHTs, their quality, such as data security and protection, should be assessed so that decision-makers can be supported in the best possible ways.