bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hip Resurfacing is Associated with Significantly Shorter Length of Stay and Increased Postoperative Mobilization than Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Habibi Akram A. , Kugelman David , Bieganowski Thomas , Macaulay William , Schwarzkopf Ran , Marwin Scott E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal-on-metal hip resurfacing (HRA) is performed as an alternative for total hip arthroplasty (THA) for symptomatic hip osteoarthritis in young, active male patients. This article seeks to determine if there is a difference in postoperative pain, mobilization, and opioid consumption between HRA and THA. A single-institution total joint arthroplasty database was utilized to identify adult patients who underwent elective HRA or THA between 2016 and 2019. Baseline demographic data along with operative time and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were collected. Patients were matched by age, sex, race, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), and CCI. Morphine milligram equivalents (MME) and visual analog scale scores were collected. Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AM-PAC) was used to determine physical therapy progress. A total of 7,387 cases were identified: 96.59% THA (7,135) and 3.41% HRA (252). HRA patients were significantly younger (52.52 vs. 64.04 years; p < 0.001), had higher BMI (30.03 vs. 29.40; p = 0.029), and were almost exclusively male as compared with the THA cohort (98.8% vs. 42.2%; p < 0.001). HRA patients had lower CCI scores (0.36 vs. 1.14; p < 0.001). Surgical time was greater for HRA (124.81 vs. 103.82 minutes; p < 0.001). HRA patients had significantly shorter length of stay (LOS) than THA patients (1.17 vs. 1.48 days; p < 0.001) and had significantly better AM-PAC scores (21.52 vs. 20.65; p = 0.032). HRA patients exhibited a trend toward home discharge (0.4% vs. 2.4%; p = 0.057). Aggregate opioid consumption (23.63 vs. 27.89 MME; p = 0.321) and pain scores (3.47 vs. 3.28; p = 0.438) were not different between matched cohorts. HRA patients are younger, almost exclusively male, and have lower CCI scores at time of surgery. HRA is associated with significantly shorter LOS and greater mobilization measures. They tended to have a higher rate of home discharge. Both groups had similar pain scores and opioid consumption.
Level III Retrospective Cohort Study.
Soft Tissue Dissection in the Transcondylar Approach: A Modified Layered Technique to Maximize Lateral Access
Authors: Zhao Xiaochun , Prather Kiana Y. , Tavakol Sherwin A. , Pelargos Panayiotis E. , Dunn Ian F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective While the transcondylar approach is technically challenging, it provides generous ventral and caudal exposure to the craniovertebral junction. This approach requires navigation around multiple eloquent neurovascular structures including the lower cranial nerves, vertebral artery and its branches, and the brainstem. Superficial exposure, including incision location and muscle dissection, can dramatically affect the surgical angle and maneuverability at depth.
Methods We demonstrate the transcondylar approach in a step-by-step fashion in a formalin-embalmed, latex-injected cadaver head. Dissection within each layer of the suboccipital muscles was performed. A small cohort with an illustrative case is also included herein.
Results The sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle was retracted anteriorly; the splenium capitis, semispinalis capitis, and longissimus capitis muscles were disconnected from the superior nuchal line and reflected inferomedially. The suboccipital muscle group was fully exposed. The superior and inferior oblique muscles were disconnected from the transverse process of C1. The superior oblique and the rectus capitis posterior major muscles were then dissected off the inferior nuchal line, and the suboccipital muscle group was retracted inferomedially en bloc. The greater auricular nerve was retracted laterally with the SCM, and the greater occipital nerve was retracted inferomedially with the suboccipital muscle group.
Conclusion This technique avoids the obstructive muscle bulk that results from a myocutaneous approach while maximizing deep exposure. Understanding the detailed muscular anatomical relationship with the insertion location and suboccipital nerves is key to complete and safe extracranial dissection. Diligent dissection helps minimize postoperative pain and muscle spasm while optimizing the closure technique.
CCT-K7.2021: CIPM key comparison of water-triple-point cells
Authors: Peruzzi A , Dedyulin S , Levesque M , Campo D del , Izquierdo B C Garcia , Gomez M E , Quelhas K N , Neto M A P , Lozano B M , Eusebio L , Yang I , Sparasci F , Martin A , Risegari L , Saunders P , Molloy E , Yan X K , Sun J P , Feng X J , Zhang J T , Ho M-K , Nakano T , Widiatmo J V , Saito I , Ejigu E , Pearce J , Rudtsch S , Buenger L , Kalemci M , Uytun A , Bruin-Barendregt C , Panman M , White D R , Possolo A 
Published: May 2023

Main text
This is the final report of CCT-K7.2021 key comparison of water-triple-point (TPW) cells. The primary objective of CCT-K7.2021 was a comparison of the participant national realizations of the TPW temperature. Each participant laboratory selected one of its TPW cells for use as a transfer cell, directly compared it against its national reference and delivered it to the pilot (NRC). The pilot then compared all transfer cells against two NRC reference cells and, finally, each participant laboratory retrieved its transfer cell and directly re-compared it against its TPW national reference. The initial measurements at the participant laboratories were started in April 2021. The final measurements at the participants' laboratories were completed in September 2022. The final report was approved by the CCT WG-KC in April 2023. The adaptive weighted average procedure was adopted to compute the Key Comparison Reference Value (KCRV) and the degrees of equivalence (DoEs) were reported for the participant laboratories. The maximum difference between two transfer cells was 92 μK with a standard deviation of 26 µK (almost a factor of two improvement compared to CCT-K7 results (2002-2004). The maximum difference between two TPW national realizations was 111 µK, with a standard deviation of 28 µK (improvement similar to the one reported for the transfer cells). While the pooled distribution of CCT-K7 results was bimodal, indicating the presence of two different sub-populations (the population of laboratories that referred to ocean water definition and the population of laboratories that did not consider it), the pooled distribution of CCT-K7.2021 results was no longer bimodal, but slightly asymmetrical, indicating a more harmonized approach to water isotopic corrections.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
International comparison CCQM-P189: particle number concentration (100 to 20 000 cm-3) and particle charge concentration (0.15 to 3 fC cm-3)
Authors: Brown Andrew S , Quincey Paul , Ebert Volker , Nowak Andreas , Tompkins Jordan T , Hessey Isabel , Ciupek Krzysztof , Schaefer Carlo , Werhahn Olav , Vasilatou Konstantina , Lüönd Felix , Macé Tatiana , Gaie-Levrel François , Bregonzio-Rozier Lola , Oganyan Narine , Belenkii Dmitrii , Sakurai Hiromu , Murashima Yoshiko , Liu Junjie , Jung Jinsang , Seeger Stefan , Wiedensohler Alfred , Tuch Thomas , Merkel Maik , Weinhold Kay 
Published: May 2023

Main text
This report presents the results of CCQM-P189, a pilot comparison between 10 laboratories which tested the participants’ capability to measure particle number concentration (in the range of 100 to 20 000 cm-3) using condensation particle counters (CPCs), and particle charge concentration (in the range of 0.15 to 3 fC cm-3) using aerosol electrometers (AEs).
Measurements of aerosol particle number concentration are needed to demonstrate compliance to vehicle emission legislation and are becoming increasingly important in other areas such as ambient air and workplace monitoring. The measurements are typically carried out using condensation particle counters, which are calibrated using either reference CPCs or reference AEs.
An analogous report is available for the CCQM-K150 comparison. CCQM-K150 was identical to, and used the same experimental data as CCQM-P189 with one exception: data from TROPOS, which is not a National Measurement Institute (NMI) or Designated Institute (DI), were only included in CCQM-P189.
CCQM-P189 was an amount-of-substance Track C comparison.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Josephson current-assisted reversal of a single-domain nanoscale ferromagnet driven by cosine chirp pulse
Authors: Sameh M , Shukrinov Yu M , Ellithi A Y , El-Sherbini Th M , Nashaat M 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe study the microwave-induced magnetization reversal in two systems, the microwave-driven nanomagnet (NM) and the NM coupled to a Josephson junction (JJ) under the microwave field (NM-JJ-MW). The frequency of the applied cosine chirp pulse changes nonlinearly with time to match the magnetization precession frequency. The coupling between the NM and JJ reduces the magnetization switching time as well as the optimal amplitude of the microwave field as a result of manipulating the magnetization via Josephson-to-magnetic energy ratioG. The reversal effect in NM-JJ-MW is sufficiently robust against changes in pulse amplitude and duration. In this system, the increase ofGdecreases the possibility of the non-reversing magnetic response as the Gilbert damping increases without further increase in the external microwave field. We also discuss the magnetic response of the NM driven by the ac field of two JJs in which the time-dependent frequency is controlled by the voltage across the junctions. Our results provide a controllable scheme of magnetization reversal that might help to realize fast memory devices.
Binder-free boron-doped Si nanowires toward the enhancement of lithium-ion capacitor
Authors: Li Man , Song Seunghyun , Li Yang , Jevasuwan Wipakorn , Fukata Naoki , Bae Joonho 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are next-generation electrochemical storage devices that combine the benefits of both supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. Silicon materials have attracted attention for the development of high-performance LICs owing to their high theoretical capacity and low delithiation potential (∼0.5 V versus Li/Li+). However, sluggish ion diffusion has severely restricted the development of LICs. Herein, a binder-free anode of boron-doped silicon nanowires (B-doped SiNWs) on a copper substrate was reported as an anode for LICs. B-doping could significantly improve the conductivity of the SiNW anode, which could enhance electron/ion transfer in LICs. As expected, the B-doped SiNWs//Li half-cell delivered a higher initial discharge capacity of 454 mAh g−1 with excellent cycle stability (capacity retention of 96% after 100 cycles). Furthermore, the near-lithium reaction plateau of Si endows the LICs with a high voltage window (1.5–4.2 V), and the as-fabricated B-doped SiNWs//AC LIC possesses the maximum energy density value of 155.8 Wh kg−1 at a battery-inaccessible power density of 275 W kg−1. This study provides a new strategy for using Si-based composites to develop high-performance LIC.
Nonlinear dynamics of nonadiabatic chirping-frequency Alfvén modes in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Wang X , Briguglio S , Bottino A , Falessi M , Hayward-Schneider T , Lauber Ph , Mishchenko A , Villard L , Zonca F 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Frequency chirping of Alfvén modes, a phenomenon observed in tokamak fusion plasmas driven by energetic particles (EPs), can result in significant losses of EPs. In this study, we use the global gyrokinetic code ORB5 (Lanti et al 2020 Comput. Phys. Commun.
251 107072) to investigate the nonlinear dynamics of non-adiabatic frequency chirping EP modes (EPMs). Our results illuminate non-perturbative features of EPMs caused by the presence of EPs. Additionally, we find that, with a fixed safety factor profile and a single toroidal mode number, the frequency chirping rate is linearly proportional to the mode saturation amplitude, as predicted by the theory (Chen and Zonca 2016 Rev. Mod. Phys.
88 015008).
Paralleled multi-GaN MIS–HEMTs integrated cascode switch for power electronic applications
Authors: Elangovan Surya , Cheng Stone , Jang Wen-Yea , Chang Edward Yi , Kuo Hao-Chung 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A cascode gallium nitride (GaN) switch integrating four paralleled GaN depletion-mode metal–insulator–semiconductor–high-electron-mobility transistors (MIS–HEMT) and a silicon MOSFET (Si-MOSFET) is presented. Each GaN chip is wire-bonded into a multi-chip power module to scale up the power rating. An optimized symmetric configuration and wire bonding of an integral package are used in the cascode switch. By utilizing an optimized packaging approach, the performance of the multi-GaN-chip cascode switch was evaluated through both static and dynamic characterizations. The constructed cascode switch provides a low-static on-state resistance of 72 mΩ and an off-state blocking capability of 400 V with a positive threshold voltage of 2 V. Analysis of dynamic switching characteristics are discussed and demonstrates stable dynamic on-state resistance (R
DS-ON) in inductive load circuits with switching dependencies of voltage, frequency, time, and temperature. The extended defects from buffer caused a minimal decrease in dynamic and static R
DS-ON with respect to hard switching conditions. However, there was no noticeable degradation in R
DS-ON under harsh switching conditions. This study provides a complete analysis of the multi-GaN-chip cascode switch, including MIS–HEMT manufacturing, cascode packaging and static and dynamic characterizations.
Study on the characteristics of grating structure sensing based on off-Γ bound states in the continuum
Authors: Wang Zhan , Xue Qi , Wang PengFei , Yang He , Sun XiaoHong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Due to the polarization dependence, there are two kinds of off-Γ bound states in the continuum (BIC) modes (TM-like mode and TE-like mode) for C2 symmetric grating structure. Compared to symmetrical protection BIC, off-Γ BIC is more susceptible to environmental changes, resulting in high refractive index sensitivity. In this paper, the influence of grating structure parameters on refractive index sensitivity of off-Γ BICs is studied, and the responses of two BIC modes to environmental refractive index are summarized. The refractive index sensitivities of TM-like mode and TE-like mode have different responses to grating structure parameters. The maximum sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM) of TM-like mode are 476 nm RIU−1 and 15866 RIU−1, while these of TE-like mode are 720 nm RIU−1 and 1440 RIU−1 respectively. These conclusions provide insights for the assembly and research of grating optical sensors based on off-Γ BICs.
Laser-free method for creation of two-mode squeezed state and beam-splitter transformation with trapped ions
Authors: Nikolova Bogomila S , Ivanov Peter A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We propose a laser-free method for creation of a phonon two-mode squeezed state and a beam-splitter transformation, using time-varying electric fields and non-linear couplings between the normal modes in a linear ion crystal. Such non-linear Coulomb-mediated interactions between the collective vibrational modes arise under specific trap-frequency conditions in an ion trap. We study the quantum metrological capability for parameter estimation of the two quantum states and show that a Heisenberg limit of precision can be achieved when the initial state with n phonons evolves under the action of the beam-splitter transformation. Furthermore, we show that the phonon non-linearity and the spin-dependent force can be used for creation of a three-qubit Fredkin gate.
Unsteady detonation with thermodynamic nonequilibrium effect based on the kinetic theory
Authors: Su Xianli , Lin Chuandong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, unsteady detonation is simulated and investigated from the viewpoint of kinetic theory. The deviations of the velocity distribution function from the equilibrium state are studied in the evolution of detonation. It has been discovered that the characteristics of the deviation around the detonation wave are significantly different from those in the post-wave region. Besides, the kinetic moments of the reaction term have been simulated, verified and analyzed in detail. In addition, the reaction manifestation is defined to describe the global effects of kinetic moments due to chemical reactions. It is interesting to find that there are three types of periodic oscillations of the reaction manifestation during the evolution of the unsteady detonation. Via the fast Fourier transform, it can be seen that the reaction manifestation is mainly composed of several signal frequencies. Moreover, the impact of rate constants of the two-step reaction scheme on the reaction manifestation is studied, and the influence of chemical heat is investigated as well.
Excitation-damping quantum channels
Authors: Lonigro Davide , Chruściński Dariusz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study a class of quantum channels describing a quantum system, split into the direct sum of an excited and a ground sector, undergoing a one-way transfer of population from the former to the latter; this construction, which provides a generalization of the amplitude-damping qubit channel, can be regarded as a way to upgrade a trace non-increasing quantum operation, defined on the excited sector, to a possibly trace preserving operation on a larger Hilbert space. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the complete positivity of such channels, and we also show that complete positivity can be equivalent to simple positivity when the ground sector is one-dimensional. Finally, we examine the time-dependent scenario and characterize all CP-divisible channels and Markovian semigroups belonging to this class, thus providing a general recipe, beyond the Markovian scenario, to promote a given decay process to a legitimate quantum process on a larger space.
Exhaled breath condensate profiles of U.S. Navy divers following prolonged hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and nitrogen-oxygen (Nitrox) chamber exposures
Authors: Fothergill David M , Borras Eva , McCartney Mitchell M , Schelegle Edward S , Davis Cristina E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Prolonged exposure to hyperbaric hyperoxia can lead to pulmonary oxygen toxicity (PO2tox). PO2tox is a mission limiting factor for special operations forces divers using closed-circuit rebreathing apparatus and a potential side effect for patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment. In this study, we aim to determine if there is a specific breath profile of compounds in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) that is indicative of the early stages of pulmonary hyperoxic stress/PO2tox. Using a double-blind, randomized ‘sham’ controlled, cross-over design 14 U.S. Navy trained diver volunteers breathed two different gas mixtures at an ambient pressure of 2 ATA (33 fsw, 10 msw) for 6.5 h. One test gas consisted of 100% O2 (HBO) and the other was a gas mixture containing 30.6% O2 with the balance N2 (Nitrox). The high O2 stress dive (HBO) and low O2 stress dive (Nitrox) were separated by at least seven days and were conducted dry and at rest inside a hyperbaric chamber. EBC samples were taken immediately before and after each dive and subsequently underwent a targeted and untargeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Following the HBO dive, 10 out of 14 subjects reported symptoms of the early stages of PO2tox and one subject terminated the dive early due to severe symptoms of PO2tox. No symptoms of PO2tox were reported following the nitrox dive. A partial least-squares discriminant analysis of the normalized (relative to pre-dive) untargeted data gave good classification abilities between the HBO and nitrox EBC with an AUC of 0.99 (±2%) and sensitivity and specificity of 0.93 (±10%) and 0.94 (±10%), respectively. The resulting classifications identified specific biomarkers that included human metabolites and lipids and their derivatives from different metabolic pathways that may explain metabolomic changes resulting from prolonged HBO exposure.
Single photon detection performance of highly disordered NbTiN thin films
Authors: Ma Ruoyan , Shu Rui , Zhang Xingyu , Yu Aobo , Huang Jia , Xiao You , Yu Huiqin , Liu Xiaoyu , Li Hao , Eklund Per , Zhang Xiaofu , You Lixing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We experimentally investigated the detection performance of highly disordered

Nb

x

Ti

1
−
x

N

based superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs). The dependence on the composition of the transition temperature

T

c

for

Nb

x

Ti

1
−
x

N

films show a dome-like behavior on the Nb content, with a maximal

T

c

at

x

Nb

∼
0.65
,

and the

Nb

0.65

Ti

0.35

N

films also combine relatively large sheet resistance and intermediate residual resistivity ratio. Moreover, 60-nm-wide and 7-nm-thick

Nb

0.65

Ti

0.35

N

nanowires show a switching current as high as 14.5 μA, and saturated intrinsic detection efficiency with a plateau of more than 2 μA at 2.4 K. Finally, the corresponding SNSPDs on an alternative SiO2/Ta2O5 dielectric mirror showed a system detection efficiency of approximately 92% for 1550 nm photons, and the timing jitter is around 26 ps. Our results demonstrate that the highly disordered

Nb

x

Ti

1
−
x

N

films are promising for fabricating SNSPDs for near- and middle-infrared single photons with high detection efficiency and low timing jitter.
Renormalized phonon spectrum in the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model
Authors: Fomichev Stepan , Berciu Mona 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Motivated to understand phonon spectrum renormalization in the ground state of the half-filled Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model, we use the Born–Oppenheimer approximation together with the harmonic approximation to evaluate semi-analytically the all-to-all real-space ionic force constants generated through both linear and quadratic electron-phonon coupling. We then compute the renormalized phonon spectrum and the corresponding lattice zero-point energy (ZPE) as a function of the lattice dimerization. Crucially, the latter is included in the system’s total energy, and thus has a direct effect on the equilibrium dimerization. We find that inclusion of a small quadratic coupling leads to very significant changes in the predicted equilibrium dimerization, calling into question the use of the linear approximation for this model. We also argue that inclusion of the ZPE is key for systems with comparable lattice and electronic energies, and/or for finite size chains. Our method can be straightforwardly generalized to study similar problems in higher dimensions.