bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in quality components and antioxidant activity of peony seed soy sauce during low‐salt solid‐state fermentation
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Jun , Sun Gui‐Jin , Li Ying‐Qiu , Zhao Xiang‐Zhong , He Jin‐Xing , Hua Dong‐Liang , Chen Lei , Mo Hai‐Zhen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, the fermentation conditions of peony seed soy sauce (PSSS) koji were optimized by response surface method, and the quality components and antioxidant activity of PSSS were investigated at different low‐salt solid‐state fermentation stages.RESULTSResults of response surface method showed that the optimal fermentation conditions were 460.6 g kg−1 water content, 48.6 h culture time, 31.5 °C culture temperature and ratio 2.1:1 (w/w) of peony seed meal:wheat bran, with the highest neutral protease activity (2193.78 U g−1) of PSSS koji. PSSS had the highest amino acid nitrogen (7.69 g L−1), salt‐free soluble solids (185.26 g L−1), total free amino acids (49.03 g L−1), essential free amino acids (19.58 g L−1) and umami free amino acids (16.64 g L−1) at 20 days of fermentation. The highest total phenolics were 5.414 g gallic acid equivalent L−1 and total flavonoids 0.617 g rutin equivalent L−1, as well as the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (86.19%) and reducing power (0.8802, A700) of PSSS fermented at 30 days. Sensory evaluation showed that fermentation of 20 days and 25 days could produce a better taste and aroma of PSSS than 15 days and 30 days.CONCLUSIONPSSS had the highest quality components in the middle of fermentation (20 days) and the highest antioxidant activity in the late fermentation period (30 days). These results demonstrated that peony seed meal could be used to produce high‐quality soy sauce with high antioxidant activity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Novel cholesteric liquid crystal films creating angle insensitive reflective colors
Authors: Sano Haruka , Ishii Akihiro , Mizuno Tomohiro , Takasago Rie , Kato Syunya , Ishiguro Makoto , Hayata Yuichi , Nagai Michio , Ito Yoji 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe have developed novel cholesteric liquid crystal (Ch‐LC) films creating angle insensitive reflective colors. The wavy alignment formed by rapid change of the helical twisting power (HTP) enables the suppression of color shift with different incident angles of light. These films open the door to create various decorative films for innovative applications.
Integrating biodiversity and ecosystem services to identify ecological priorities for an ecologically fragile city in China
Authors: Liu Yuexin , Zhang Zhonghao , Lu Qingling , Cui Lihan , Gao Yang , Nie Tiantian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA high rate of urbanization comes with high environmental costs, leading to reductions in biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES). How to maximize the efficiency and representation of BES in cities is of utmost urgency. However, in the process of spatial prioritization identification, it remains unclear whether a preference for ecosystem services (ES) promotes or detracts from biodiversity. In this study, a Marxan‐based spatial conservation prioritization framework is provided to achieve a win–win situation for ES provision and biodiversity protection. Using Hohhot city, China as a study case, it sets up different weighting scenarios with species and five ES to determine the optimal protected area network for each possible combination. At the same time, it tests the conservation costs, protected features, and spatial overlap of different scenarios with existing protected areas to quantify their conservation efficiency. We found that (1) closed deciduous broadleaved forests, closed evergreen needle‐leaved forests, and deciduous shrublands could support both high biodiversity and abundant ES at altitudes of 1600–2000 m. (2) Although a positive association is found between ES and biodiversity, there is some spatial variation. The geographical overlap rate with biodiversity prioritization was only 29.72% when only ES were considered. (3) Conservation of ecological hotspots by increasing the weight of ES can reduce conservation expenses by 0.69%–20.32% compared to meeting solely biodiversity targets. Our analyses highlight the need for an appropriate weighting of ES in decisions seeking to identify protected areas. This study provides methodological support for the integration of ES and biodiversity, facilitating more comprehensive conservation planning decisions.
Generalized spherical Aluthge transforms and binormality for commuting pairs of operators
Authors: Djordjević Slaviša , Kim Jaewoong , Yoon Jasang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the notion of generalized spherical Aluthge transforms for commuting pairs of operators and study nontrivial joint invariant (resp. hyperinvariant) subspaces between the generalized spherical Aluthge transform and the original commuting pair. Next, we study the norm continuity through generalized Aluthge transform maps. We also study how the Taylor spectra and the Fredrolm index of commuting pairs of operators behave under the spherical Duggal transform. Finally, we introduce the notion of Campbell binormality for commuting pairs of operators and investigate some of its basic properties under spherical Aluthge and Duggal transforms. Moreover, we obtain new set inclusion diagrams among normal, quasinormal, centered, and Campbell binormal commuting pairs of operators.
Predictors of Future Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery in de novo Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Lang Stefan , Vetkas Artur , Conner Christopher , Kalia Lorraine V. , Lozano Andres M. , Kalia Suneil K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is offered to a subset of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. It is unclear if there are features at diagnosis that predict future DBS surgery.ObjectiveTo assess predictors of eventual DBS surgery in de novo PD patients.MethodsSubjects from the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) database with newly diagnosed, sporadic PD (n = 416) were identified and stratified by their eventual DBS status (DBS+, n = 43; DBS‐, n = 373). A total of 50 baseline clinical, imaging, and biospecimen features were extracted for each subject and cross‐validated lasso regression was used for feature reduction. Multivariate logistic regression assessed their relationship with DBS status and a receiver operating characteristic curve evaluated model performance. Linear mixed effect models assessed disease progression over 4 years in DBS+ and DBS‐ patients.ResultsAge at symptom onset, Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage, tremor score, and ratio of CSF Tau to amyloid‐beta 1–42 (Tau: Ab) were identified as important baseline features for predicting DBS surgery. Each independently predicted DBS surgery (area under the curve = 0.83). DBS‐ patients had faster memory decline (P < 0.05), while DBS+ patients had faster decline in H&Y stage (P < 0.001) and motor scores (P < 0.05) prior to surgery.ConclusionThe identified features may be used for early identification of patients who may be surgical candidates during the course of their disease. Disease progression in these groups reflects surgical eligibility criteria, with DBS‐ patients having more rapid decline in memory while DBS+ patients experienced a faster decline in motor scores prior to DBS surgery.
A novel wideband dual‐polarized heptagonal magnetoelectric dipole antenna loaded with inverted L‐shaped structures
Authors: Xu Yanhong , Yan Yan , Wang Anyi , Hou Jianqiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA novel dual linearly‐polarized magnetoelectric (ME) dipole antenna with wide bandwidth is presented in this letter, where two orthogonally placed Г probes are utilized to realize dual polarizations. In particular, four heptagonal patches are first adopted in lieu of the four conventional rectangular patches to obtain a wider bandwidth. In the sequel, four inverted L‐shaped parasitic elements are loaded on the periphery of the four patches to further enhance the bandwidth of ME dipole antenna. A prototype is fabricated and measured to verify the properties of the proposed antenna. The simulated and measured results show that the overlapped 10 dB bandwidth of 99.2% can be achieved ranging from 1.2 to 3.56 GHz, and the available peak gain can be as high as 12 dBi. Meanwhile, its cross‐polarization level (CRPL) is lower than −22 dB, and the isolation between the two ports is larger than 20 dB across the operating frequency.
A compact quasi‐omnidirectional slot antenna for Wi‐Fi 6E application
Authors: Xiao Yang , Liu Qiang , Du Guangxing , Li Guolin , Cheng Dong , Zhu Yu , Qi Yihong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis letter presents a compact wideband slot antenna for Wi‐Fi 6E application. It evolved from the full wave bow‐tie slot antenna, and four short slits are loaded on the metal plate with conjugate reactance to improve impedance matching at the extended 6 GHz band. The dimension of the proposed antenna is 39 × 39 mm, which is 0.32 × 0.32 λ at 2.45 GHz. The antenna has omnidirectional radiation at 2.45 GHz band, and it remains quasi‐omnidirectional radiation at 5 and 6 GHz bands with vertically polarized radiation. The prototype antenna is fabricated and measured for verification. The result shows that the wide bandwidth for return loss (RL) better than 10 dB is 104% from 2.35 to 7.44 GHz, and the radiation efficiencies are nearly 80% at the triple bands.
Estimates of Predator Densities Using Mobile DIDSON Surveys: Implications for Survival of Central Valley Chinook Salmon
Authors: Henderson Mark J. , Loomis Chris M. , Michel Cyril J. , Smith Joe M. , Iglesias Ilysa S. , Lehman Brendan M. , Demetras Nicholas J. , Huff David D. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (hereafter, “the Delta”) is one of the estuaries with the most invasive species in the world, and nonnative predators may be a major factor in the observed decline of Central Valley Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha over recent decades. In order for managers to take actions that might reduce predation-related mortality for these ecologically, culturally, and economically valuable fish, it is important to understand the factors influencing the distribution and abundance of piscivores in the Delta. In this study, we used a dual-frequency identification sonar (i.e., DIDSON) to conduct mobile surveys to quantify the abundances of piscivores in the Delta. We then used these data to identify the habitat features that are correlated with the abundance of piscivores. Prior to conducting the surveys, we used DIDSON data from captured fish to develop an algorithm to distinguish piscivores from nonpiscivores with high confidence (98% accuracy). A generalized linear mixed-effects model fit to these survey data indicated that predator abundances were most associated with areas of increased submerged aquatic vegetation patches, and channels that are straighter, with increased bathymetric complexity. When applied to the entire survey area, this model was successfully able to predict known areas of high predator densities. These results indicate that one approach to reduce predator densities in key locations throughout the Delta, and improve juvenile salmonid outmigration survival, is to reduce the extent of invasive submerged aquatic vegetation. Because experimental predator removals have been largely ineffective in the Delta, efforts to manipulate habitat to discourage nonnative predator recruitment and favor native species recruitment may provide a more effective solution to improve salmonid survival rates.
Imaging angiogenesis in an intracerebrally induced model of brain macrometastasis using αvβ3‐targeted iron oxide microparticles
Authors: Buck Jessica , Perez‐Balderas Francisco , Zarghami Niloufar , Johanssen Vanessa , Khrapitchev Alexandre A. , Larkin James R. , Sibson Nicola R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBrain metastasis is responsible for a large proportion of cancer mortality, and there are currently no effective treatments. Moreover, the impact of treatments, particularly antiangiogenic therapeutics, is difficult to ascertain using current magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods. Imaging of the angiogenic vasculature has been successfully carried out in solid tumours using microparticles of iron oxide (MPIO) conjugated to a Arg‐Gly‐Asp peptide (RGD) targeting integrin αvβ3. The aim of this study was to determine whether RGD‐MPIO could be used to identify angiogenic blood vessels in brain metastases in vivo. A mouse model of intracerebrally implanted brain macrometastasis was established through intracerebral injection of 4T1‐GFP cells. T2*‐weighted imaging was used to visualise MPIO‐induced hypointense voxels in vivo, and Prussian blue staining was used to visualise MPIO and endogenous iron histologically ex vivo. The RGD‐MPIO showed target‐specific binding in vivo, but the sensitivity of the agent for visualising angiogenic vessels per se was reduced by the presence of endogenous iron‐laden macrophages in larger metastases, resulting in pre‐existing hypointense areas within the tumour. Further, our data suggest that peptide‐targeted MPIO, but not antibody‐targeted MPIO, are taken up by perivascular macrophages within the macrometastatic microenvironment, resulting in additional nonspecific contrast. While pre‐MPIO imaging will circumvent the issues surrounding pre‐existing hypointensities and enable detection of specific contrast, our preliminary findings suggest that the use of antibodies rather than peptides as the targeting ligand may represent a preferable route forward for new angiogenesis‐targeted molecular MRI agents.
On concurrent multiscale topology optimization for porous structures under hygro‐thermo‐elastic multiphysics with considering evaporation
Authors: Al Ali Musaddiq , Shimoda Masatoshi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLightweight polymeric and natural composite materials are extensively used in modern structures, especially with the demands for environmentally friendly products as well as lowering energy consumption. Furthermore, a high performance‐to‐weight ratio can be attained by utilizing porous composites. However, hygral and thermally induced loads are limiting the robustness of polymeric and natural composite materials, therefore; in this research, concurrent multiscale multiphysics topology optimization is used to design lightweight porous composite structures that have resilience toward mechanical as well as hygral and thermal loads. By establishing two independent representations of the design problem, that is, macro and microscale domains, a concurrent topology optimization framework is implemented, and the effective properties of the microscale (i.e., elastic, thermal conductivity, moisture diffusivity tensors, and hygral as well as thermal expansion coefficients) are calculated and used as the hygro‐thermo‐elastic properties of the macroscale using in‐house MATLAB codes. For hygral physics, moisture transport, as well as evaporation, are simultaneously considered in this study. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the multiphysics concurrent optimization scheme in order to account for the coupling of macro and microstructure, as well as hygro‐thermo‐elastic physics. Multiple numerical cases were examined, which included different loading and boundary conditions, as well as various spatial configurations. The results showed attaining a high stiffness‐to‐weight ratio for the multiscale optimized porous structure compared to the single‐scale solid structure. Furthermore, a study was conducted on multiple microstructure subsystems to examine the impact of microstructure systems on macrostructure dependence. By combining several microstructures into a single macro design domain, design flexibility was enhanced and the performance‐to‐weight ratio was improved. The study was expanded to include the evaluation of hygro‐thermo‐elastic multiscale multiphysics with an evaporation problem, which was demonstrated through several numerical examples. The introduced formulations showed a successful application of the concurrent multiscale optimization formulations and good coupling on the macro and microscale. Also, the formulations demonstrated a strong influence between the macro and the microscale of the design problem for the topology optimization methods. The successful application of the concurrent multiscale optimization method in this research highlights its potential for designing more efficient and effective structures in the future.
Expansion of consistent particle method to solve solid mechanics problems
Authors: Li Shi‐Tong , Koh Chan Ghee , Chow Yean Khow 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOriginally developed for solving fluid dynamics problems, a Lagrangian particle method called the consistent particle method (CPM) is expanded to solid mechanics problems in this article. The motions of particles are governed by the mass conservation and dynamics equations which are solved by the second‐order predictor–corrector time stepping scheme. The spatial derivatives of variables required in solving the governing equations and computing strain increments are obtained by Taylor series expansion. Stress components are updated from strain components according to the material constitutive relation. The physical density of material is directly computed without using particle number density. No additional particles are needed for the simulation of boundaries. For boundary surface that is partially loaded, the inverse distance weighting method is applied to deal with the stress singularity problem due to sudden change of stresses. Numerical examples including shock wave propagation and large deformation of footing penetration are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of CPM in solving solid mechanics problems.
Tests on a scale for measuring the core competencies of paediatric specialist nurses: An exploratory quantitative study
Authors: Tang Qian , Zhang Dahua , Chen Jianjun , Liu Meihua , Xiang Yuqiong , Luo Tingwei , Zhu Lihui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to develop a tool to measure paediatric specialist nurses' core competencies and examine the scale's validity and reliability.DesignAn exploratory quantitative study.MethodsThis study was performed in April 2022 with 302 paediatric specialist nurses in mainland China. Items were created through a literature review, a qualitative interview, and the Delphi method. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, independent sample t‐test, explanatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and split‐half reliability.ResultsThe final scale consisted of five factors and 32 items. The factors were communication, coordination and judgement abilities; professional technology mastery ability; specialist knowledge mastery ability; medical‐related processes; and evidence‐based nursing competencies. The explained total variance of the five factors was 62.216%. The scale‐level and item‐level CVI of this scale was 1.00, and the mean CVR of the total scale was 0.788. The Pearson correlation coefficients of each dimension and the total dimension of the scale was 0.709–0.892, and within each dimension, it was 0.435–0.651. The Cronbach's α of this scale was 0.944, and its split‐half reliability was 0.883.
About Roy Glauber
Authors: Friedrich Bretislav , Kleppner Daniel , Herschbach Dudley 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe recount the life, work, and legacy of the theoretical physicist Roy Glauber (1925–2018). Admitted to Harvard at age 16, called upon to participate in the Manhattan Project at age eighteen, and appointed to the Harvard Physics faculty at age 29, Glauber is credited with seminal contributions to three separate fields of physics: nuclear scattering, statistical physics, and foundational work in quantum optics, which earned him the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physics. Over decades, Glauber was also a dedicated teacher of high‐school, college, and graduate students. His pedagogical gifts are reflected in his lucid papers that read as if they were written yesterday.Key points
perspective on the life, work, and legacy of the 2005 Physics Nobel laureate Roy Glauber (1925–2018)
impact of Glauber's contributions on large swaths of physics, from nuclear to optical to condensed matter
Glauber's work in quantum optics has nurtured burgeoning areas of quantum science and engineering
Insights into self‐healing performance of epoxidized deproteinized natural rubber/graphene oxide composite
Authors: Nguyen Lam Ba , Van Nguyen Hoang , Vu Cuong Quoc , Cao Ha Hong , Van Nguyen Anh , Kawahara Seiichi , Nghiem Thuong Thi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe self‐healing performance of epoxidized deproteinized natural rubber (EDPNR) and EDPNR/graphene oxide (GO) composites was investigated. Composites of EDPNR25 and EDPNR50 with GO contents of 0.5 and 1.0 phr were prepared by adding a GO dispersion into a EDPNR latex and the product was subsequently cast into films. Tensile strengths of the original samples and after self‐healing were used to evaluate self‐healing performance. The tensile strength of EDPNR25 after self‐healing achieved about 65% of tensile strength of original EDPNR25. The recovery of tensile strength for the composite increased to 81% for EDPNR25/GO0.5 and 105% for EDPNR25/GO1.0 for self‐healing at 25°C for 24 h. At 70°C, EDPNR25/GO0.5 and EDPNR25/GO1.0 composite achieved ~100% recovery after 24 h. On the other hand, the tensile strength recoveries of EDPNR50, EDPNR50/GO0.5, and EDPNR50/GO1.0 were relatively low (33%, 28%, and 24%, respectively) at 25°C. At 70°C, recoveries increased to 63%, 67%, and 52%, respectively. This result demonstrated that the interdiffusion of epoxidized natural rubber molecules plays a key role in the self‐healing performance rather than hydrogen bonds between GO and functional groups on EDPNR molecules.
Multi‐pronged degradation analysis of a photovoltaic power plant after 9.5 years of operation under hot desert climatic conditions
Authors: Daher Daha Hassan , Aghaei Mohammadreza , Quansah David A. , Adaramola Muyiwa S. , Parvin Parviz , Ménézo Christophe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLong‐term reliability assessment of photovoltaic (PV) modules is key to ensuring the economic viability of PV systems. This paper presents a multi‐pronged performance degradation analysis of a 62.1 kWp solar PV power plant after 9.5 years of operation. For this purpose, various diagnosis techniques, namely, visual inspection, infrared thermography (IR), ultraviolet fluorescence (UVFL) and current‐voltage (I‐V) characterization, have been performed to evaluate the performance and degradation of the solar PV power plant. The visual characterization results show that the PV strings are affected by different mechanisms with different degrees of occurrences. The degradation mechanisms observed and the level of occurrence among the modules were found to be, encapsulant discolouration (100%), degraded frame adhesive (57%), degraded junction box adhesive (39%), snail trails (30%), burn marks (3%), cell cracks (2%) and delamination (0.4%). Although discolouration of the encapsulant was the most common possible degradation mechanism observed, the main causes of the power loss were snail trails and cracks in the PV cells. Furthermore, the IR thermography and UVFL analysis provided better understanding on snail trails phenomenon and crack mechanism on the affected PV modules. Besides imaging techniques, to assess the electrical performance of the system, we performed current‐voltage (I‐V) and power‐voltage (P‐V) characterization of the entire PV plant from which the degradation rates of the electrical parameters were determined. Our results show that the degradation rates for the maximum power and the fill factor are 0.84%/year and 0.66%/year, respectively, over the operating period of the installation. The estimated maximum power degradation rate for this installation could be considered as a realistic degradation rate for PV modules installed in harsh and hot desert climatic conditions. Additionally, our work has raised doubts about the validity of the warranties proposed by the manufacturers.