bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple clean water treatment with double pots diffuser method in Lumbung Kauh village, Selemadeg Barat, Tabanan district, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Marwati Ni Made , Rusminingsih Ni Ketut , Mahayana I Made Bulda , Suyasa I Nyoman Gede , Aryana I Ketut , Yulianti Anysiah Elly 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The prevalence of improvement clean water services for urban areas yearly shows an increase of 40% to 50% in largest and 20%-30% in district. In other words, the level of water pollution is increasing. Alleviating poverty and unsafe water takes a strategic approach. Double pot diffuser method as a simple clean water treatment tool to improve water quality
Aims: The objective of this study is analysing the double pot diffuser method as a simple clean water treatment tool to improve water quality
Method and result: The data was collected two times (before- after) in control and double pot diffuser as an experiment. Statistical analysis, including univariate and bivariate analysis, was done using SPSS 23. A normality test was carried out, and the Mann-Whitney method was used to asses the difference in results between the experiment and control. The non-parametric test results showed that in the experimental group there was a difference between the results of the examination of biological parameters of the water (E.coli, coliform) and turbidity parameters, before and after the experiment with p-value 0.001. In the control group, the results revealed no difference between the results of the examination of water biological parameters and water turbidity before and after the experiment.
Conclusion: Double pot diffuser is recommended to residents because it has been proven to improve the water quality in gumleng. Draining and cleaning gumleng once a week is also recommended to prevent sedimentation from dissolving and re-polluting the water.
Phenology, yield, and phytochemicals of Capsicum spp. in response to shading
Authors: De la Cruz-Ricardez Dario , Lagunes-Espinoza Luz del C. , Ortiz-García Carlos F. , Hernández-Nataren Edith , Soto-Hernández Ramón M. , Acosta-Pech Rocío G. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Capsicum spp. grow in environments with different incident radiation, that could modify the plant growth and the concentration of phytochemicals in fruits.
Hypothesis: Shading positively affects phenology and fruit yield, decreases the total contents of phenols (TPC), flavonoids (FLV), proanthocyanidins (PAN) and carotenoids (CAT) in fruits of wild Capsicum species.
Studied species: Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum: amashito (AMA) and garbanzo (GAR), and C. frutescens (Pico Paloma, PIP)
Study site and dates: Huimanguillo, Tabasco, Mexico; 2020 and 2021.
Methods: Seeds were treated with gibberellic acid (GA3) (500 mg L-1) for 24 h prior to seeding. The seedlings were transplanted in an open field and under two levels of shade (35 and 70 %) under a subsplit plot design with four replicates. TPC, FLV, PAN and CAT were determinate in immature and ripe fruits by UV-vis spectrophotometry.
Results: Shade accelerated the phenological processes from the first bifurcation of the stem, and decreased the fruits ripening time from anthesis of the genotypes studied. Shade only increased the yield of the AMA genotype and reduced the contents of TPC, FLV, and CAT; however, these metabolites increased under open field conditions.
Conclusions: The shade reduced the duration of phenological stages including the ripening period of fruits, and increased the plant height of the Capsicum spp. The increase in yield by shading effect only was observed in AMA genotype. The content of phytochemicals in Capsicum fruits is reduced by shading levels.
Hacia la efectiva tutela del interés social: modificación al régimen legal de la acción social de responsabilidad en Colombia
Authors: Castellanos Hernández Laura Victoria 
Published: April 2023

La acción social de responsabilidad creada por la Ley 222 de 1995 fue con­cebida por el legislador como un mecanismo indemnizatorio especial diri­gido a responsabilizar a los administradores de las sociedades comerciales, procurando, a través de un instrumento procesal especializado, restablecer el patrimonio afectado del ente moral y, en consecuencia, satisfacer su in­terés social. Pero, considerando los supuestos de esta acción y el escenario societario colombiano ¿es verdaderamente operativa esta acción?, ¿es una herramienta realmente idónea para la defensa del interés social?
El objetivo del presente escrito es analizar, desde una perspectiva teórica y sobre la consideración de la realidad societaria nacional, la aptitud legal de la actual acción social de responsabilidad de cara a los fines para los cuales esta fue creada. Considerando los resultados de este análisis, será planteada una propuesta de reforma a esta acción, la cual podría ser un punto de partida importante para empezar a materializar el fin último de esta institución de la responsabilidad civil: la tutela del interés social.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Using Modified Hummers Method for Cathode Electrodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Raheema Mazin Hasan , Jaber Ghufran S. 
Published: April 2023

In this research, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is prepared through the Hummers method with a slight change in some of the work steps, thus, a new method has been created for preparing carbon nanotubes which is similar to the original Hummers method that is used to prepare graphene oxide. Then, the suspension carbon nanotubes is transferred to a simple electrode position platform consisting of two electrodes and the cell body for the coating and reduction of the carbon nanotubes on ITO glass which represents the cathode electrode while platinum represents the anode electrode. The deposited layer of carbon nanotubes is examined through the scanning electron microscope technique (SEM), and the images throughout the research show the formation of carbon nanotubes. In the second part of the research, a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is prepared to utilize carbon nanotube as the cathode electrode, titanium oxide nanoparticles as the anode electrode by using a natural dye (pomegranate dye). The assembled dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is tested by two electrodes potentiostat using Xenon light source and all parameters are established; Vocp, Imax, Vmax, Isc and calculated full factor and conversion efficiency.
Removing Toxic Dyes from Aqueous Medium by Trichoderma-Graphain Oxide Aerogel
Authors: Ali Shaimaa Satae M , Al-Shammari Rana Hadi Hameed , Al-Mamoori Ayad M.J. 
Published: April 2023

Toxic dyes are commonly discharged into waste waters and dyes are extensively used in the textile industry so it is necessary to find out efficient and eco-friendly method for treating waste waters resulting from industrial effluences. To achieve this aim the fungus Trichoderma sp. is employed into two lines: first line was self – immobilized fungal pellets in (Czapek – Dox medium) to adsorbs two dyes crystal violet, congo red by concentrations 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06 mg/L to both dyes, PH 2, room temperature with shaker in ( hrs.2,hrs.4,hrs.24) , by Uv- Visible spectrum . the removal efficiency of 0.05 mg/L crystal violet by Trichoderma sp was 96%. but there was no removal by congo red. The second line was immobilizing fungal mycelium to Graphain oxide free – standing aerogel to increase efficiency of adsorption. The decolorization of toxic dyes solution was detected by the change in the adsorption Uv- Visible spectrum and scanning microscopy analysis which revealed that there was dye adsorption on fungal mycelium surface. After treatment of crystal violet with 20 mg Graphain oxide -fungi aerogel in the condition PH 2, room temperature with shaker in time (hrs.2 ,hrs.4 , hrs.24 ) removal percentage to crystal violet was increasing with to raise concentrations the dye crystal violet until reaching the maximum removal percentage 97% in hrs.4 in 0.05mg/L concentrate , and it increased the efficiency of other concentrations . In contrast, according to congo red there was no color removal in any concentration within treatment time since congo red surface carries both negative and positive charges and causes electrostatic attraction, therefor, the adsorption reduced or does not occur.Trichoderma sp. is considered a selective removal to basic dyes and could be employed to remove dyes from industrial effluents.
Human languages trade off complexity against efficiency
Authors: Koplenig Alexander , Wolfer Sascha , Meyer Peter 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

One of the fundamental questions about human language is whether all languages are equally complex. Here, we approach this question from an information-theoretic perspective. To this end, we conduct a large scale quantitative cross-linguistic analysis of written language by training a language model on more than 6,500 different documents as represented in 41 multilingual text collections, so-called corpora, consisting of ~3.5 billion words or ~9.0 billion characters and covering 2,069 different languages that are spoken as a native language by more than 90% of the world population. We statistically infer the entropy of each language model as an index of (un)predictability/complexity. We compare complexity rankings across corpora and show that a language that tends to be more complex than another language in one corpus also tends to be more complex in another corpus. This constitutes evidence against the equi-complexity hypothesis from an information-theoretic perspective, but also unveils a complexity-efficiency trade-off: high entropy languages are information-theoretically more efficient because they tend to need fewer symbols to encode messages. Our findings additionally contribute to debates about language evolution/diversity by showing that this trade-off is partly shaped by the social environment in which languages are being used.
Association of Macular Outward Scleral Height with Axial Length, Macular Choroidal Thickness and Morphologic Characteristics of the Optic Disc in Chinese Adults
Authors: Li Menghan , Xu Hannan , Ye Luyao , Zhou Siheng , Xie Jiamin , Liu Chen , Zhu Jianfeng , He Jiangnan , Fan Ying , XU XUN 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To identify the relationship of macular outward scleral height (MOSH) with axial length (AL), macular choroidal thickness (ChT), peripapillary atrophy (PPA), and optic disc tilt in Chinese adults.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 1088 right eyes of 1088 participants were enrolled and assigned into high myopia (HM) and non-HM groups. MOSH was measured in the nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior directions using swept-source optical coherence tomography images. The clinical characteristics of MOSH and the association of MOSH with AL, macular ChT, PPA, and tilt ratio were analyzed.
Results
The mean age of participants was 37.31 ± 18.93 years (range, 18–86 years), and the mean AL was 25.78 ± 1.79 mm (range, 21.25–33.09 mm). MOSH was the highest in the temporal direction, followed by the superior, nasal, and inferior directions (all p < 0.001). The MOSH of HM eyes was significantly higher than that of non-HM eyes, and it was positively correlated with AL in the nasal, temporal, and superior directions (all p < 0.001). Macular ChT was independently associated with the average MOSH (B = − 0.190, p < 0.001). Nasal MOSH was positively associated with the PPA area and the presence of a tilted optic disc (both p < 0.01). Eyes with a higher MOSH in the superior (odds ratio [OR], 1.008; p < 0.001) and inferior directions (OR = 1.006; p = 0.009) were more likely to have posterior staphyloma.
Conclusion
MOSH is an early indicator of scleral deformation, and it is correlated positively with AL and negatively with ChT. A higher nasal MOSH is associated with a larger PPA area and the presence of a tilted optic disc. Higher MOSH values in the superior and inferior directions were risk factors for posterior staphyloma.
Crystal structures of 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13
Authors: Liu Shenping , Sommese Ruth , Nedoma Nicole , Stevens Lucy , Dutra Jason , Wang Yang , Garnsey Michelle , Clasquin Michelle 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Hydroxysteroid 17-beta-dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) is a hepatic lipid droplet-associated enzyme that is upregulated in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Recently, there have been several reports that predicted loss of function variants in HSD17B13 protect against the progression of steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here we report the first known crystal structures of full length HSD17B13 in complex with its NAD+ cofactor and with small molecule inhibitors from two distinct series. These structures provide insights into a mechanism for lipid droplet-associated proteins anchoring to membranes as well as a basis for HSD17B13 variants disrupting function. Two series of inhibitors interact with the active site residues and the bound cofactor similarly, yet they occupy different paths leading to the active site. These structures provide ideas for structure-based design of inhibitors that may be used in the treatment of liver disease.
What we should consider to facilitate recovery of the hematological profile in all patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy: The role of preoperative intravenous ferritin treatment
Authors: Kim Eun Young , Park Sung Eun , Hong Tae Ho 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background In pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), the duodenum and upper jejunum responsible for iron absorption are removed, which can lead to massive hemorrhage during surgery and cause iron deficiency anemia after PD. The aim of this study was to evaluate overall changes in hematologic profiles of patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Effect of preoperative intravenous ferritin treatment on recovery of anemia after surgery was also investigated.Methods From March 2021 to December 2021, patients who underwent curative PD at our institution due to periampullary lesions were enrolled. They were divided into two groups according to whether or not ferritin was administered before surgery. In the IV ferritin group, all patients had been routinely administered with 1000 mg of ferric carboxymaltose intravenously once about 3–7 days before the operation day. Contrarily, patients in the control group did not receive intravenous ferritin before PD. Changes in hematological profile were measured preoperatively and at 5, 14, and 30 days postoperatively. Clinical results of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was performed for selected non-anemic patients who had preoperative hemoglobin level of 12.0g/dl or higher to compare changes in hematologic profiles between the two groups.Results Thirty patients of the IV ferritin group and 34 patients of the control group were analyzed. Although no difference was observed in postoperative complications or mortality, hemoglobin and iron levels were recovered significantly faster at two weeks postoperatively in the IV ferritin group than in the control group. Ferritin levels were consistently higher in the IV ferritin group throughout the postoperative period. In subgroup analysis conducted for non-anemic patients, hemoglobin levels were recovered significantly faster and maintained higher in the IV ferritin group throughout the postoperative period, although baseline levels of hemoglobin were similar between the two groups. In addition, the length of intensive care unit stay was significantly shorter in the IV ferritin group than in the control group.Conclusions Preoperative intravenous ferritin treatment might be effective in facilitating recovery of hematologic profiles of patients during the recovery period after PD regardless of the presence of preoperative anemia, thus preventing postoperative iron deficiency anemia.
Dynamic modeling and experimental study on a bowling manipulator
Authors: Pan Xueting , Liu Yang , Cheng Lifen , Feng Weiwei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a training method for improving the effectiveness of bowling sports training, which involves utilizing a bowling robotic arm. The mechanics of the robotic arm were analyzed to establish a kinematics and dynamics model for a three-degree-of-freedom robotic arm. The motion trajectory planning of the robotic arm was carried out, and the kinetic characteristics of the bowling robotic arm were analyzed using Robotics Toolbox and the Lagrange functional equilibrium method. The positive and inverse kinematics of the robotic arm were solved, and the motion trajectory was simulated using the D-H parameter method and SimMechanics software. The APAS video analysis method and a 3D high-speed photographic analysis system were used to conduct the bowling training. The experimental results demonstrate the correctness and reliability of the dynamics model. The proposed training method for the bowling robotic arm is significant in guiding the daily training of bowling players and improving their competitive level.
Structure guided mimicry of an essential P. falciparum receptor-ligand complex enhances cross neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Sriniva Prakash , Yanik Sean , Venkatesh Varsha , Parker Michelle , Diouf Ababacar , Sarkar Deepti , Miura Kazutoyo , Long Carole , Boulanger Martin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Invasion of human red blood cells (RBCs) by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) merozoites relies on the interaction between two parasite proteins, apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) and rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2)1,2. Antibodies to AMA1 confer limited protection against P. falciparum in non-human primate malaria models3,4. However, clinical trials with recombinant AMA1 alone (apoAMA1) saw no protection, likely due to inadequate levels of functional antibodies5–8. Notably, immunization with AMA1 in its ligand bound conformation using RON2L, a 49 amino acid peptide from RON2, confers superior protection against P. falciparum malaria by enhancing the proportion of neutralizing antibodies9,10. A limitation of this approach, however, is that it requires the two vaccine components to form a complex in solution. To facilitate vaccine development, we engineered chimeric antigens by strategically replacing the AMA1 DII loop that is displaced upon ligand binding with RON2L. Structural characterization of the fusion chimera, Fusion-FD12 to 1.55 Å resolution showed that it closely mimics the binary receptor-ligand complex. Immunization studies showed that Fusion-FD12 immune sera neutralized parasites more efficiently than apoAMA1 immune sera despite having an overall lower anti-AMA1 titer, suggesting improvement in antibody quality. Furthermore, immunization with Fusion-FD12 enhanced antibodies targeting conserved epitopes on AMA1 resulting in greater neutralization of non-vaccine type parasites. Identifying epitopes of such cross-neutralizing antibodies will help in the development of an effective, strain-transcending malaria vaccine. Our fusion protein design is a robust vaccine platform that can be enhanced by incorporating polymorphisms in AMA1 to effectively neutralize all P. falciparum parasites.
Health-related quality of life and its predictive factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in southwest Iran: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hashemi Sakineh , Farahbakhsh Sahar , Aghakhani Zahra , Hemati Nazi , Hashemi Somayeh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Quality of life (QoL) is an important measure in health assessment. It is impacted by several factors in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients which are not entirely clear. This aims of study was evaluation of factors affecting QoL in SLE patients.Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 140 Iranian SLE patients of Hafiz Hospital. Questionnaire Lupus Quality of Life (LupusQoL) was used to evaluate the quality of life. The patients were evaluated with this questionnaire during 4 weeks in eight dimensions of health, emotional health, body image, pain, planning, intimate relationships and the burden of others. Predictive factors of LupusQoL were evaluated using multivariate linear regression.Results The total mean QoL Score was 65.5 ± 22.4.The highest score of SLE patients' quality of life is related to planning 78.36 ± 25.03 and the lowest score of QoL was related to emotional 54.70 ± 30.51.The results of multivariate analysis showed that duration of disease (β:-1.14, 95% CI:-1.6,-0.61, P:0.001), physical activity(β:-13.2, 95% CI:-20.8,-5.4, P:0.001), kidney involvement (β:-10.38, 95% CI:-17.61,-3.15, P:0.03) and skin involvement(β:-9.5, 95% CI:-18.1,-0.77, P:0.023) were significantly related to the total mean QOL score of SLE patients.Conclusion The findings confirmed that the SLE patients enjoy the middle QoL which can be due to the various factors of disease activity, different bodily systems involvement, and local, cultural, national, and racial aspects.
A Phase 1 Study of Cabozantinib and Trifluridine/Tipiracil in metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Dayyani Farshid , Balangue Jasmine , Valerin Jennifer , Keating Matthew J. , Zell Jason A. , Taylor Thomas H. , Cho May T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study determined the safety and Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) of the multi-kinase inhibitor cabozantinib in combination with trifluridine/tipiracil (TFT/TPI) in refractory metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC). Single institution investigator-initiated phase 1 study using 3 + 3 design. Eligible mCRC patients had received prior standard regimens. Cabozantinib was given orally (p.o.) at 20 mg (dose level [DL] 0) or 40 mg (DL 1) daily on days 1–28, and FTD/TPI p.o. at 35 mg/m2 on days 1–5 and 8–12 every 28 days. Fifteen patients were enrolled. Median age 56 years (31–80), male (12/15), ECOG 0/1 = 9/6. Three patients were treated at DL 0 and another nine were treated at DL 1, none exhibiting a DLT. Most common any grade (G) treatment related adverse events (TRAE) were diarrhea (50%), nausea (42%), neutropenia (42%), fatigue (33%) and rash (25%). G3-4 TRAE were neutropenia (25%) and thrombocytopenia, hypokalemia, weight loss (each 8%). No serious TRAE or G5 were reported. The RP2D was determined to be DL 1. Median PFS was 3.8 months (95% CI 1.9–6.8) and disease control rate was 86.7%. The combination of cabozantinib and TFT/TPI is feasible and tolerable at standard doses and showed encouraging clinical activity in refractory mCRC. ClinicalTrials.Gov: NCT04868773
Improvement and implementation of central sterile supply department training programme based on action research
Authors: Hu Ting , Huang Juanli , Jiang Sixing , Hu Ruixue , Huang Yongdeng , Pan Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to improve and implement the central sterile supply department (CSSD) training programme through action research and to evaluate its effect.
Material and Methods: Action research was considered the theoretical frame. The problems that occurred in training were identified following scenario analysis, interviews, group discussions, and expert consultation to develop improvement measures. The training programme characterized by CSSD was developed in the spiral circular process of “Plan-Act-Observe-Reflect”.
Results: After the two rounds of training, the CSSD nurses significantly improved their professional knowledge, skills, and satisfaction with training compared with those before improvement (P < 0.05). The nurses’ overall satisfaction with the training and their performance improved.
Conclusions: The implementation of the training programme designed based on action research can improve CSSD nurses’ professional knowledge and skills and increase their enthusiasm for learning, laying the foundation for CSSD talent development.