bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insecurity and Fragility: The Perpetual Duo of Precarity for ‘Convict Criminologists’ in a Risk Averse Academy
Authors: Schreeche-Powell Ed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Risk management in the criminal justice system reflects a wider societal risk consciousness. People with criminal records are seen as risks requiring governance. Despite the recent interest in embedding lived experience in academic practice, for Convict Criminologists, the collateral and informal pains of imprisonment follow them into university and underpin their precarity, leading to an ingrained ‘Status Fragility’ (Tietjen and Kavish 2021). This article adopts an auto-ethnographic approach, drawing upon two pivotal junctures in the author’s journey, from prison to university and identifying as a Convict Criminologist. It considers how risk aversion and (mis)management are operationalised in a university to extend the experience of punishment after release from prison.
Applying convolutional neural networks for mustard variety recognition
Authors: Slebioda Laura , Zawieja Bogna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and apply a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model to recognize and classify white mustard (Sinapis Alba L.) varieties, addressing the complex task of discriminating among 57 varieties. Utilizing a one-dimensional CNN model, the research focused on multivariate analysis based on a set of 15 traits. The CNN architecture included convolutional layers, batch normalization, pooling, flattening, dropout, and dense layers. The model demonstrated effectiveness in classifying varieties, achieving high accuracy and providing valuable insights into potential new varieties. Subset division, a new approach, was applied. Evaluation metrics, including accuracy, F1 score, precision, and recall, were calculated for eight subsets, confirming the model's robust performance. While this study uses mustard as an illustrative example, the method is not limited to this crop and can be extended to other agricultural crops, with potential modifications depending on the specific traits relevant to each crop. The approach contributes to agricultural advancements, offering a reliable tool for breeders to assess variety distinctness and streamline the testing process. The model’s ability to detect unknown varieties further enhances its utility in agricultural research covering a comprehensive and impactful advancement in variety classification.
Boron fertilization in a boreal Norway spruce forest: long-lasting effects on growth and nutrition
Authors: Vartiainen Arttu , Bhatt Vijay D. , Aphalo Pedro J. , Pukkala Timo , Räisänen Mikko , Kilpeläinen Jouni , Heräjärvi Henrik , Haapala Antti , Lehto Tarja 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and aims
Boron (B) deficiency is widespread in boreal forests, but it can be prevented by fertilization. As B deficiency reduces root growth, it may affect the uptake of other nutrients. We assessed the persistence of the effects of a one-time B application on growth and nutrition of Norway spruce (Picea abies).

Methods
A single-tree B-fertilization experiment was established in a highly productive stand in eastern Finland in 2000 and followed until 2018. The applied B dose was 2 kg ha−1.

Results
After 19 growing seasons, height growth was higher in B-fertilized trees and the effect was not waning. Diameter growth was not affected. The mean needle-B concentration without B fertilizer was 1.7 mg kg−1 and with B-fertilizer, 4.8 mg kg−1. Boron-fertilized trees had higher foliar aluminium (Al), carbon (C), copper (Cu) and sulfur (S) concentrations, and lower soluble silicon (Si).

Conclusions
The positive B effect on growth persisted after 19 years. Boron concentrations remained higher in fertilized trees, although lower than at the early stages of the experiment. Boron fertilization maintained Cu and S levels above deficiency limits. The small but consistent change in C indicates a change in needle compounds. Increased Al may result from reduced Si accumulation, as Al co-deposition with Si alleviates Al toxicity. Further studies are required to optimize B-fertilization practices and to elucidate the mechanisms behind the effects on height growth and the levels of other elements. A combination of soluble and sparingly soluble fertilizers could further increase the duration of the effect.
The Changing Landscape of Water Resources Planning in England
Authors: Leonard Ali , Amezaga Jaime , Blackwell Richard , Lewis Elizabeth , Kilsby Chris 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Water resources planning in England has undergone a significant transformation from a fragmented, piecemeal approach to a more strategic, multi-scale framework. This shift is a response to the pressing need for increased resilience in the face of climate change, population growth, and environmental pressures. Recognising the limitations of existing planning frameworks established during privatisation, new national, regional, company, and sub-regional frameworks have emerged to address gaps and enhance strategic planning efforts. Understanding the critical pathway dependencies, opportunities, and constraints allows reforms to be designed and implemented with a better chance of success. Several key features characterise water resources planning in England. Firstly, the systems are inherently complex and fragmented, requiring tailored approaches rather than one-size-fits-all solutions. Secondly, planning operates within a neoliberal framework emphasising economic efficiency. Thirdly, subjective concepts like risk, uncertainty, and value are managed through technical quantitative methods which can pose challenges for transparency. Fourthly, while legislation often operates in silos, there is a growing demand for more integrated planning approaches. Funding and regulatory powers play crucial roles in water resources planning. Access to capital is influenced by the institutional environment and broader economic and political factors, with government and regulators ultimately holding power over the framework. Companies, driven by the profit motive, are responsible for detailed planning and delivery, regulated by standards and reputational incentives. Public participation is framed as consumer engagement. Aligning incentives for public good with financial rewards and ensuring effective regulation are vital for the framework’s success.
Accelerated epigenetic ageing after burn injury
Authors: Sullivan Jack , Nicholson Thomas , Hazeldine Jon , Moiemen Naiem , Lord Janet M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Individuals who suffer a major burn injury are at higher risk of developing a range of age-associated diseases prematurely leading to an increase in mortality in adult and juvenile burn injury survivors. One possible explanation is that injury is accelerating the biological ageing process. To test this hypothesis, we analysed DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from adult burn-injured patients (> 5%TBSA) upon admission to hospital and 6 months later, to calculate an epigenetic clock value which can be used to determine biological age. Fifty-three burn-injured participants (mean age 45.43 years, 49 male, mean TBSA 37.65%) were recruited at admission and 34 again 6 months post injury (mean age 40.4 years, 34 male, mean TBSA 30.91%). Twenty-nine healthy controls (mean age 43.69 years, 24 male) were also recruited. Epigenetic age acceleration at admission by PhenoAge was + 7.2 years (P = 8.31e-5) but by month 6 was not significantly different from healthy controls. PCGrimAge acceleration was + 9.23 years at admission (P = 5.79e-11) and remained 4.18 years higher than in controls by month 6 (P = 2.64e-6). At admission, the burn-injured participants had a Dunedin PACE of ageing score 31.65% higher than the control group (P = 2.14e-12), the equivalent of + 115 days per year of biological ageing. Six months post injury the Dunedin PACE of ageing remained significantly higher (+ 11.36%, 41 days/year) than in the control group (P = 3.99e-5). No differences were seen using the Horvath and Hannum clocks. Enrichment analysis revealed that key pathways enriched with burn injury related to immune function, activation, and inflammation. The results reveal that epigenetic age, specifically the PACE of ageing and PCGrimAge, was accelerated in burn-injured adults at admission, with some return towards control values by 6 months. That these two clocks are built upon morbidity outcomes suggests that the injury is invoking a biological response that increases the risk of disease. Burn injury in adults induces epigenetic changes suggestive of an acceleration of the ageing process, which may contribute to the increased morbidity and mortality in these patients.
Diversity Coaching!? Eine begrifflich-konzeptionelle Annäherung anhand einer systematischen Literaturanalyse
Authors: Kornau Angela 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Diversität im Arbeitsleben zu fördern und Diskriminierung zu reduzieren, steht seit Jahren auf der Agenda vieler Organisationen. Es verwundert daher nicht, dass auf dem Coachingmarkt eine gewisse Entwicklung hin zu diversitätssensiblen Coachingangeboten zu beobachten ist – zumeist an Menschen gerichtet, die von Diskriminierung betroffen sind. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, anhand einer systematischen Literaturanalyse einen differenzierten Überblick über den wissenschaftlichen Diskurs zum Thema Diversity Coaching zu geben. Es wird ein konzeptioneller Orientierungsrahmen entwickelt, der nicht nur auf die Ausgestaltung des Coachingprozesses eingeht, sondern auch auf mögliche Zielgruppen, übergeordnete Zielsetzungen und Rahmenbedingungen von Diversity Coaching.
Evaluation of using grip strength and hand muscle cross-sectional area to predict secondary fractures post distal radius fracture
Authors: Kong Matthew Tsz Kin , Fang Christian , Yung Colin Shing Yat , Kwok Theresa , Leung Keith , Leung Frankie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Summary
Grip strength measurement, as a surrogate of sarcopenia diagnosis, effectively predicts secondary fracture risk in distal radius fracture patients. This simple tool enhances clinical practice by identifying high-risk patients for targeted interventions, potentially preventing or reversing functional decline and recurrent fractures.

Purpose
To evaluate grip strength and hand muscle cross-sectional area as predictors of secondary fracture risk in patients with a history of distal radius fracture (DRF), serving as surrogates of the diagnosis of sarcopenia.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 745 DRF patients was analyzed with their grip strength data using Cox proportional hazards regression, receiver operating characteristic analysis, and Kaplan–Meier analysis to predict secondary fracture risk over an average of 12 years. Hand muscle cross-sectional area was similarly analyzed.

Results
Patients with a history of DRF were predicted to have a 4.1% higher likelihood of experiencing a secondary fracture per kilogram reduction in their grip strength (p < 0.008), independent of age and sex. Patients were categorized as high-risk (≤ 16 kg), moderate-risk (17–24 kg), or low–risk (≥ 25 kg) (p < 0.001). High-risk patients showed a 2.2-fold (95% CI = 1.55–3.17) higher recurrent fracture risk compared to low-risk patients. Cumulative secondary fracture probabilities of the high-risk group patients at 5, 10, and 15 years were estimated to be 16%, 30%, and 54%, respectively.

Conclusions
Grip strength measurement, as a surrogate of sarcopenia diagnosis, effectively predicts secondary fracture risk in patients with DRF. This simple tool could improve clinical practice by identifying high-risk patients for targeted interventions to prevent recurrent fractures or even reverse functional decline.
Approach to Endocrine Hypertension: A Case-Based Discussion
Authors: Borozan Sanja , Kamrul-Hasan A. B. M. , Shetty Sahana , Pappachan Joseph M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Hypertension remains a major chronic disease morbidity across the world, even in the twenty-first century, affecting ≈40% of the global population, adversely impacting the healthcare budgets in managing the high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications and mortality because of elevated blood pressure (BP). However, evaluation and management of endocrine hypertension are not optimal in clinical practice. With three unique clinical case scenarios, we update the evidence base for diagnostic evaluation and management of endocrine hypertension in this review to inform appropriate day-to-day clinical practice decisions.

Recent Findings
Although most individuals with high BP suffer from essential hypertension (≈85%), some patients may have a clear underlying etiology (termed secondary hypertension), and a significant proportion of these patients have endocrine hypertension (≈10%) consequent to hormone excess from dysfunction of one or more endocrine glands. Even if a relatively common disease in the general population, the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment of endocrine hypertension is often delayed because of poor awareness among clinicians, including primary care providers and physicians in the secondary care settings.

Summary
An accurate and timely diagnosis of endocrine hypertension is crucial to potentially cure or at least properly manage these patients because the consequences of delays in diagnosis can be catastrophic, with markedly higher end-organ complications such as CVD, chronic kidney disease, and even premature mortality among sufferers.
Neonatal central nervous system infection by Ureaplasma species is rare, but relevant: results from a multicenter nationwide surveillance study
Authors: Silwedel Christine , Schnee Sarah V. , Liese Johannes , Henrich Birgit , Härtel Christoph , Speer Christian P. , Glaser Kirsten 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose

Ureaplasma species (spp.) are relevant contributors to preterm birth but may also cause invasive infections particularly in very immature preterm infants. This study aimed to assess the incidence of neonatal Ureaplasma infections of the central nervous system (CNS).

Methods
A nationwide epidemiological study on Ureaplasma CNS infection in preterm and term neonates and infants below 12 months of age was conducted between 10/2019 and 09/2022, using the German Pediatric Surveillance Unit (ESPED).

Results
Over a period of three years, five infants with Ureaplasma meningitis were reported, amended by three cases treated in our own hospital. All infants had a history of extreme preterm birth. Clinical presentation varied and included non-specific neurological symptoms, such as developmental delay, in some cases, and acute, sepsis-like conditions in others, with increased apneas, irritability, and seizures. As the most consistent finding, internal hydrocephalus was reported, paralleled by pathological cerebrospinal fluid assessment characterized by mild pleocytosis, persistently elevated protein levels, and remarkably low or undetectable glucose levels, prompting further diagnostics. Treatment protocols varied and included off-label regimens. Ureaplasma eradication was verified by negative CSF-PCR and/or culture in most cases. Despite successful eradication, long-term neurological impairment was present in all infants.

Conclusion
Although seemingly rare, Ureaplasma-driven neuroinflammation relevantly contributes to long-term morbidity of affected preterm infants.
Nursing consultation for patients and relatives in an inpatient setting—a systematic review
Authors: Riege Alexandra , Sommer Luca-Sophie , Petersen-Ewert Corinna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Demographic changes are leading to a significant shortage of skilled nurses, with a 50% increase in care needs predicted by 2030. By 2035, an additional 493,000 nurses will be needed in Germany, particularly in inpatient care. After the introduction of a new concept of long-term care needs in Germany in 2017 and the associated formulation of care-related tasks, nursing consultation is becoming increasingly important for care professionals. There is a call for an enhanced integration of nursing consultation in Germany to improve care quality amid these challenges.

Aims
The aim of this work is to show the diversity and necessity of nursing advice in the inpatient setting.

Method
A systematic literature search was conducted of the databases PubMed and Cochrane, focusing on title and abstract with the keywords “patient,” “relatives,” “nursing consultation,” and “inpatient setting” based on the PCC scheme (Patient, Concept, Context). After removing duplicates, 443 articles remained and were filtered according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 26 studies investigating the topics and effects of nursing consultation on patients and relatives were selected for inclusion in the review. The selected studies were summarized with regard to the research questions and evaluated according to their quality.

Results
The studies encompass a broad spectrum of nursing consultations across various specialist fields, with notable emphasis on pediatrics, oncology, and intensive care. Thematically, the consultations addressed a diverse range of care phenomena, most frequently focusing on anxiety, family-centeredness, HIV, and cancer. The studies showcased a variety of counseling formats, including group and individual sessions, telephone consultations, and multimedia telemedicine, underscoring the adaptability of nursing consultations to patient needs. Notably, the outcomes of nursing consultations were positive, showcasing significant improvements in mental health, patient compliance, nutritional status, and overall quality of life, among other benefits.

Conclusion
Recommendations for nursing practice can be derived from the review, suggesting a focus on prevalent nursing phenomena for counseling across patient populations to improve outcomes. While nursing consultations are well-established in oncology and pediatrics, there is potential for expansion in other specialized areas, such as intensive care. Notably, certain aspects like family-centered care are not adequately covered, indicating a need for further research.
AI-driven autonomous adaptative feedback welding machine
Authors: von Querfurth Benedikt , Belhout Shems-Eddine , Knaak Christian , Mann Stefan , Abels Peter , Holly Carlo , Tatman Jonathan , Barborak Darren , Hargadine Mitch 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) is a primary method for nuclear component fabrication and repair. Recent advancements in monitoring and automation technologies have made the shift toward fully automated arc welding more feasible, reducing the necessity for continuous human oversight. Two artificial intelligence-based networks were developed that utilize sensor-based feedback on a mechanized GTAW head. We present an image-based semantic segmentation convolutional neural network that identifies crucial features such as the weld pool, groove, wire, and electrode based on which geometric measurements are derived. A separate novel neural network predicts the weld bead geometry for multi-pass welds and inconsistent groove geometries. The application of both neural networks is a pre-requisite that enables the autonomous planning and execution of multi-pass welds to fill a groove.
Green intelligence: the AI content of green technologies
Authors: Biggi Gianluca , Iori Martina , Mazzei Julia , Mina Andrea 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper investigates the contribution of artificial intelligence (AI) to environmental innovation. Leveraging a novel dataset of USPTO patent applications from 1980 to 2019, it explores the domain of green intelligence (GI), defined as the application of AI algorithms to green technologies. Our analyses reveal an expanding landscape where AI is indeed used as a general-purpose technology to address the challenge of sustainability and acts as a catalyst for green innovation. We highlight transportation, energy, and control methods as key applications of GI innovation. We then examine the impact of inventions by using measures and econometric tests suitable to establish (1) how AI and green inventions differ from other technologies and (2) what specifically distinguishes GI technologies in terms of quality and value. Results show that AI and green technologies have a greater impact on follow-on inventions and display greater originality and generality. GI inventions stand out even further in these dimensions. However, when we examine the market response to these inventions, we find positive results only for AI, indicating a mismatch between the technological vis-à-vis market potential of green and GI technologies, arguably due to greater uncertainty in their risk-return profiles.
Geometric and topological aspects of the passage from local to global invertibility
Authors: Xavier Frederico 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As a refinement of the global invertibility problem, we address the issue of estimating the cardinality of a prescribed fiber

$$F^{-1}(q)$$

F

-
1

(
q
)

of a locally invertible map solely in terms of objects that are naturally associated to q itself. The following is a prototypical result. Let

$$F:\mathbb {R}^n \rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n$$

F
:

R

n

→

R

n

be a local diffeomorphism,

$$n\ge 3$$

n
≥
3

, and

$$q\in F(\mathbb {R}^n)$$

q
∈
F
(

R

n

)

. We show that q is assumed exactly once by F if the pre-image of every 2-plane containing q, when viewed as a geometric surface in Euclidean n-space, is conformally diffeomorphic to

$$\mathbb {R}^2$$

R

2

. The proofs of this and other theorems involve geometric constructions, the Poincaré-Hopf theorem, the Bôcher theorem on positive harmonic functions, condensers on Riemann surfaces, and elliptic estimates. We conclude with a section that is devoted to invertibility problems related to various aspects of dynamics, algebraic and differential geometry, real and complex analysis. The paper is written in a semi-expository style, as an invitation to global injectivity.
On Siegel’s product formulas for quadratic forms over algebraic number fields in higher dimensional cases
Authors: Kojima Hisashi , Sakata Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The product formula for the measure of representations of a quadratic form over the rational number field was found by Siegel, and were generalized by Fractman to the higher-dimensional case over totally real algebraic number fields. We prove product formulas for quadratic forms over arbitrary algebraic number fields and generalize formulas given by Siegel and Fractman to the case of arbitrary algebraic number fields.
Refinement of the Co-Content function, through an integration of a polynomial fit of $$I-{I}_{sc}$$. Part 2 application to experimental current–voltage curves
Authors: Rangel-Kuoppa Victor-Tapio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this article Part 2 of this series of articles, the methodology proposed in Part 1, namely, the fitting to a polynomial of the current minus the short-circuit current, i.e.,

$$I-{I}_{sc}$$

I
-

I

sc

, to calculate the Co-Content function

$$\left(CC\left(V,I\right)\right)$$

C
C

V
,
I

and extract the five solar cell parameters, i.e., the shunt resistance

$$\left({R}_{sh}\right)$$

R

sh

, the series resistance

$$\left({R}_{s}\right)$$

R
s

, the ideality factor

$$\left(n\right)$$

n

, the light current

$$\left({I}_{lig}\right)$$

I

lig

, and the saturation current

$$\left({I}_{sat}\right)$$

I

sat

, (within the one-diode solar cell model), is implemented on reported Current–Voltage (IV) curves found in the literature, both for laboratory made solar cells, as for and single-crystalline silicon (x-Si), multi-crystalline silicon (m-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), amorphous silicon (a-Si) tandem and triple-junction, amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon, heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer (HIT), and amorphous silicon/microcrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules.