bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of differentiating lines of phytophthora in soybean
Authors: dos Santos Guilherme , Marchioro Volmir Sergio , Meira Daniela , Toebe Marcos , Benin Giovani 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe objective of this study was the characterization of commercial cultivars, differentiating lines/cultivars of Phytophthora sojae carrying Rps (resistance Phytophthora Sojae) genes, inoculated with different pathotypes. Thirty‐one differentiating soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) lines/cultivars carrying Rps genes and six commercial cultivars were evaluated for virulence pattern to PS2.4, PS14.4, PS36.1, PS34.1, and CMES1608 pathotypes. Inoculations were performed using the toothpick technique, with reaction evaluation about 15 days after infection, where the number of healthy, infected, and dead seedlings was quantified. There was a difference in resistance for the pathotypes, and the most virulent were PS34.1 and PS36.1. The Rps1k, Rps11, and Rp12 genes deserve to be highlighted by resistance to the PS34.1 pathotype and the Rps1k, Rps11, Rp12, and Rps8 genes to the PS36.1 pathotype. The line L77‐1863 (Rps1b) showed resistance to the PS2.4 and PS14.4 pathotypes. The characterization of the genotypes allowed the updating of information about them and the identification of new possibilities of resistance sources.
Do Female Directors Matter? Exploring the Link Between Corporate Sustainability Disclosures and Earnings Management in Malaysia
Authors: Hossain Md Shamim , Ling Chui Ching , Pathiranage Nandana Wasantha , Fung Chorng Yuan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the moderating role of female directors in the relationship between earnings management and corporate sustainability disclosure among Malaysian listed firms. The sample comprised 100 firms from 2017 to 2022, and the two‐step system generalized method of moments method was employed to test the hypotheses. Corporate sustainability disclosure was assessed using a self‐constructed disclosure index. The findings indicate a positive relationship between earnings management and corporate sustainability disclosure. However, the presence of female directors on the board negatively moderates this relationship, suggesting that they reduce the likelihood of using sustainability disclosure as a means of masking earnings management. The robustness of these findings was confirmed through additional testing. This research highlights the importance of gender diversity on corporate boards as an essential component of effective corporate governance. Increasing the number of female directors could enhance oversight functions and reduce opportunistic behaviors, such as earnings management, leading to more authentic sustainability practices and improved corporate accountability. These results have significant implications for both organizations and policymakers. Organizations should consider achieving a critical mass of female directors to strengthen governance and accountability. Policymakers and regulators might use these insights to develop guidelines that encourage greater board diversity, thereby enhancing overall corporate governance. Furthermore, the study supports Sustainable Development Goal 5 by demonstrating that greater female representation on boards can influence policy and leadership in ways that reduce unethical practices like earnings management, thereby promoting ethical conduct and sustainability.
Navigating the Transition to Green Mobility: Assessing the Impact of Tax Incentives on Vehicle Efficiency and Market Dynamics in Italy
Authors: Ferraro Aniello , Garofalo Antonio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe transportation sector is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, underscoring the need for innovative fiscal measures to promote decarbonisation. This study evaluates the efficiency of car models based on price, emissions, and technical specifications, while examining the impact of fiscal policies on the adoption of green vehicles in Italy. A two‐stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was conducted utilising a comprehensive database of new cars registered in 2019, categorised by market segments. The results indicate a paradox: the most efficient cars are not necessarily the most environmentally friendly. Furthermore, while green cars are available in smaller segments, their prices often exceed those of comparable conventional cars by 100%. This highlights the need for eco‐bonus adjustments that consider factors beyond CO₂ emissions. Additionally, promoting environmentally friendly cars in higher‐end segments could drive innovation, reduce costs, and advance the automotive industry's transition to sustainability.
Downregulation of LncRNA CCAT1 Enhances Chemosensitivity in Cisplatin‐Resistant Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Wu Qiong , Zhu Chenglou , Zhao Tiantian , Liu Tianxiang , Da Mingxu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTChemotherapy is an effective treatment for gastric cancer. However, many patients develop resistance to chemotherapeutic agents during clinical treatment. LncRNA CCAT1 has recently been shown to influence cellular resistance to specific chemotherapeutic drugs, but its role in gastric cancer remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the role of LncRNA CCAT1 in cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells and its potential underlying mechanisms. Gastric cancer cell lines with acquired resistance were established. The expression of CCAT1 was assessed in both cisplatin‐sensitive and cisplatin‐resistant AGS cell lines. CCAT1 expression was knocked down in AGS/DDP cells, and the changes in IC50 values were measured using the Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay. Apoptosis in gastric cancer cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Additionally, Western blotting was employed to measure the expression levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway proteins and apoptosis‐related proteins in both interference and control groups. RT‐qPCR results indicated that CCAT1 expression was significantly elevated in cisplatin‐resistant gastric cancer cells compared to non‐resistant cells. Similarly, CCK‐8 assay results demonstrated that knocking down CCAT1 in resistant cells increased their sensitivity to cisplatin treatment. Flow cytometry and Western blot results further confirmed that silencing CCAT1 promoted apoptosis in these cells. Additionally, the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway proteins was higher in resistant cells compared to their sensitive counterparts, and silencing CCAT1 in AGS/DDP cells resulted in reduced expression of these proteins. In conclusion, the above studies demonstrated that LncRNA CCAT1 induced cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells.
Disruption of the FOXM1 Regulatory Region Inhibits Tumor Progression in Ovarian Cancer by CRISPR‐Cas9
Authors: Chen Yujie , Xue Yingzhuo , Jiang Qiuwen , Jin Yunfeng , Chen Weiguan , Hua Minhui 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOvarian cancer is the seventh most common lethal tumor among women in the world. FOXM1 is a transcription factor implicated in the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer by regulating key oncogenic genes. The role of regulatory regions in regulating the expression of FOXM1 in ovarian cancer is not completely clarified. Treatment with bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) inhibitors JQ‐1 and I‐BET were explored in ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR3, A2780, or SKOV3) to evaluate FOXM1 expression and biological behavior by qPCR, CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, wound‐healing, and transwell assays. The regulatory regions (enhancer sequence spanning promoter or exon 1) of FOXM1 were deleted using CRISPR‐Cas9 in the OVCAR3 cell line. FOXM1 expression and tumor biological behavior were further assessed in FOXM1 regulatory regions deleted OVCAR3 cell line. The mouse xenograft model was assessed at the indicated time points following subcutaneous injection of enhancer‐deleted cells. Treatment with the JQ‐1 and I‐BET reduced the expression of FOXM1, decreasing cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines including OVCAR3, A2780, and SKOV3 cells. By mining the published ChIP‐sequencing data (H3K27Ac) from 12 ovarian cancer cell lines, we identified a potential enhancer and promoter region. Deletion of the spanning enhancer and promoter region of FOXM1 reduced mRNA and protein expression. Similarly, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis in both cells and mouse xenograft models were significantly attenuated. Our study demonstrates that JQ‐1 and I‐BET can regulate the expression of the FOXM1 gene‐relating network. These data also indicate that disruption of the span enhancer and promoter region activity of FOXM1 has a vital role in the anti‐ovarian cancer effect, hiding a potential opportunity for the evaluation of this non‐coding DNA deletion disrupts the FOXM1 transcriptional network in ovarian cancer development.
Social dominance influences individual susceptibility to an evolutionary trap in mosquitofish
Authors: Pollack Lea , Culshaw‐Maurer Michael , Sih Andrew 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlastic pollution threatens almost every ecosystem in the world. Critically, many animals consume plastic, in part because plastic particles often look or smell like food. Plastic ingestion is thus an evolutionary trap, a phenomenon that occurs when cues are decoupled from their previously associated high fitness outcomes. Theory predicts that dominance hierarchies could dictate individual responses to evolutionary traps across social environments, but the social dimension of evolutionary trap responses has rarely been investigated. We tested how variation in group size influences the formation of dominance relationships and, in turn, how these dominance relationships drive differences in foraging behavior in Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). This included foraging for a variety of familiar and novel food‐like items, including microplastics. Overall, dominant individuals were often the first to sample food and had higher bite rates than subordinates, including when foraging for microplastics. Importantly, how dominance affected foraging behavior depended on group size and on whether groups were presented with familiar or novel foods. Furthermore, individuals were consistent in their foraging behavior across trials with different group sizes, indicating the formation of stable social roles. These results suggest that predicting the ecological and evolutionary consequences of evolutionary traps will require an understanding of how social structures influence trap susceptibility.
Latent Trajectories of Change in Dietary Restriction During Treatment in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder and Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Abber Sophie R. , Presseller Emily K. , Richson Brianne N. , Joiner Thomas E. , Wierenga Christina E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveOutcomes for low‐weight restrictive eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa, restricting type (AN‐R) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), are sub‐optimal. Reducing dietary restriction is a key treatment target. Understanding heterogeneity in patterns of change in dietary restriction may aid in improving outcomes. We examined latent trajectories of change in dietary restriction during treatment and follow‐up in AN‐R and ARFID.MethodsAdolescents and adults with R‐EDs (N = 276, 18% ARFID, 90% female, Mage = 18) receiving intensive ED treatment completed assessments at five timepoints. Latent growth mixture modeling examined trajectories of change in dietary restriction, measured using the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory Restricting subscale. Classes were compared on clinical features at admission to determine characteristics prospectively associated with trajectory.ResultsA 3‐class solution emerged: Class 1 comprising individuals with “good response” (n = 138; 33% of those with ARFID in the sample); Class 2 with “good response, rebounding” (n = 81; 41% of ARFID); and Class 3 with “gradual response, low symptoms” (n = 57; 26% of ARFID). Class 3 had lower anxiety and R‐ED symptoms than Classes 1 and 2. Class 2 presented with older age than Class 1.DiscussionNo ARFID‐specific classes emerged, underscoring similarities in response to intensive treatment between AN‐R and ARFID.
Gut Microbiome and Tissue Morphology Modulatory Effects of Hazelnut (Natural, Roasted, and Skin) Fibers in Different Colonic Segments of Mice
Authors: Çelik Ömer F. , Daştan Elanur , Çetiner Ömer F. , Baş Orhan , Bulut Zafer , Zhang Bin , Lindemann Stephen R. , Tugay Mehmet İ. , Değermenci Muhammet , Suvarıklı‐Alan Beyza , Nizamlıoğlu Mehmet , Tunçil Yunus E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo reveal the functional properties of hazelnut dietary fibers (DFs) in different colonic segments (cecum, proximal, and distal colon), a diet enriched with natural hazelnut, roasted hazelnut, or hazelnut skin DFs was applied to mice for 6 weeks; microbial metabolites, microbial composition, and tissue morphology were determined segmentally using gas chromatography, 16S rRNA sequencing technology, and microscopy, respectively. Roasted hazelnut DFs revealed significantly (p < 0.05) higher propionate in the cecum of female mice, while hazelnut skin DFs significantly increased the butyrate level in the distal colon of male counterparts. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed hazelnut DFs promoted the Lactobacillus animalis, L. gasseri, and Akkermansia muciniphila related OTUs, especially in the proximal colon, but the degrees of promotions were hazelnut type‐, segment‐ and sex‐dependent. Interestingly, hazelnut skin DFs significantly (p < 0.05) stimulated Prevotella related OTUs in the distal colon regardless of sex, which is known to have great ability to utilize dietary polysaccharides. Furthermore, hazelnut skin DF group had higher crypt height values, suggesting that hazelnut skin DFs have ability to maintain saccharolytic activity in more distal region of the colon. Overall, our results demonstrate that hazelnut DFs differentially impact microbial metabolite formation, microbiota composition and tissue morphology in different segments of the colon.
Predicting right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device implant: A novel approach
Authors: Livingston Carissa E. , Kim Dale , Serletti Lacey , Jin Andrea , Rao Sriram , Genuardi Michael V. , Peyster Eliot G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsRight ventricular (RV) failure (RVF) after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implant is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Modern, data‐driven approaches for defining and predicting RVF have been under‐utilized.MethodsTwo hundred thirty‐two patients were identified with a mean age of 55 years; 40 (17%) were women, 132 were (59%) Caucasian and 74 (32%) were Black. Patients were split between Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) Classes 1, 2 and 3 (25%, 38% and 34%, respectively). Within this group, ‘provisional RVF’ patients were identified, along with ‘no RVF’ patients. ‘No RVF’ patients were defined as patients who never demonstrated more than moderate RV dysfunction on a post‐LVAD transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) (ordinal RV function <3), never required an RV assist device (RVAD), were not discharged on sildenafil and were not on a pulmonary vasodilator or inotropic medication at 3 months after LVAD implant. In total, n = 67 patients were defined as ‘no RVF’. The remaining patients represented the ‘provisional RVF’ population (n = 165). Extensive electronic health records queries yielded >1200 data points per patient. Using <1 and >1 month post‐LVAD time windows motivated by established, expert‐consensus definitions of ‘early’ and ‘late’ post‐implant RVF, unbiased clustering analysis was performed to identify hidden patient ‘phenogroups’ within these two established RVF populations. Clusters were compared on post‐implant clinical metrics and 1 year outcomes. Lastly, pre‐implant metrics were used to generate models for predicting post‐implant RVF phenogroup.ResultsWithin the ‘early RVF’ time window, distinct ‘well’ and ‘sick’ patient phenogroup clusters were identified. These clusters had similar RV function and pulmonary vasodilator usage during the first month after LVAD but differed significantly in heart failure therapy tolerance, renal (P < 0.001) and hepatic (P = 0.013) function, RVAD usage (P = 0.001) and 1 year mortality (P = 0.047). Distinct ‘well’ and ‘sick’ phenogroups were also identified in the ‘late RVF’ time window. These clusters had similar RV function (P = 0.111) and RVAD proportions (P = 0.757) but differed significantly in heart failure medication tolerance, pulmonary vasodilator usage (P = 0.001) and 1 year mortality (P < 0.001). Prediction of phenogroup clusters from the ‘early RVF’ population achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.84, with top predictors including renal function, liver function, heart rate and pre‐LVAD RV function.ConclusionsDistinct, potentially predictable phenogroups of patients who have significantly different long‐term outcomes exist within consensus‐defined post‐LVAD RVF populations.
Advances and Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry in Food Analysis: Strategies for Online and Offline Preconcentration
Authors: Semail Nadhiratul‐Farihin , Yahaya Noorfatimah , Mohamed Ahmad Husaini , Chen David Da Yong , Zain Nur Nadhirah Mohamad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAdvancements in food technology have increased the need for thorough analysis to ensure food safety, quality, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry (CE–MS) has emerged as a powerful tool in food analysis due to its high separation efficiency, low sample consumption, and ability to handle complex matrices. However, challenges such as the use of volatile running buffers and maintaining the stability of the electrical circuit connecting the CE and MS systems have been addressed through advancements in interface designs, such as sheathless systems and optimized sheath‐liquid compositions. Online and offline preconcentration techniques have significantly enhanced CE–MS sensitivity (up to 1000‐fold) through stacking methods such as large volume sample stacking (LVSS) and dynamic pH junction stacking. Meanwhile, offline sample preparation techniques, such as solid‐phase extraction (SPE) and liquid‐based methods, are essential for removing matrix interferences and preconcentrating targeted analytes. This review explores both online and offline preconcentration methods and emphasizes the importance of CE–MS in helping researchers develop effective strategies for selecting the best preconcentration methods for food analysis.
Thermal Analysis of Electromagnetic Induction Heating for Cylinder‐Shaped Objects
Authors: Birjandi Amir Komeili , Dutta Prashanta 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInduction heating is one of the cleanest and most efficient methods for heating materials, utilizing electromagnetic fields induced through AC electric current. This article reports an analytical solution for transient heat transfer in a three‐dimensional (3D) cylindrical object under induction heating. A simplified form of Maxwell's equations is solved to determine the heat generation inside the cylinder by calculating the current density distribution within the body. The temperature within the solid is found from the solution of the unsteady heat equation based on Green's function. Owing to multiple spatial dimensions and time, a separation of variables technique is used to find Green's function. In addition, an innovative algorithm is proposed to take care of the variable material properties in analytical treatment. The analytical solution for temperature is verified with the data obtained from experiments for identical operating conditions. The analytical solution is used to study the impact of heat transfer coefficient and input AC current frequency and amplitude during transient heat diffusion. Our analytical solution suggests that the temperature‐dependent material properties significantly affect the thermal response within the solid. Unlike many other conventional heating methods, the thermal boundary condition changes with time in induction heating, which makes our solution much more challenging.
Impact of Clinical Surveillance on Outcomes of Locally Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Tsinrong , Sommat Kiattisa , Jang Isabelle , Lim Chwee Ming , Wang Fu Qiang , Soong Yoke Lim , Wee Joseph , Tan Terence , Fong Kam Weng , Chua Melvin Lee Kiang , Poh Sharon , Kiong Kimberley 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLocal recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) occurs in 10%–20% of patients, with salvage potential in early recurrences. Yet, clear surveillance protocols are lacking. We compare survival outcomes and suitability for salvage in symptomatic and incidentally detected locally recurrent NPC.MethodsLocally recurrent NPC patients, initially diagnosed at the National Cancer Center Singapore between October 2003 and November 2009, were identified. Demographics, symptoms, detection modalities, and survival outcomes were analyzed.ResultsEighty‐two patients were studied. Median follow up and time to local recurrence was 5.51 and 2.19 years; 45.1% were symptomatic; 65.9% were diagnosed incidentally; 62.2% were offered salvage treatment. Symptomatic patients (vs. asymptomatic) had lower 5‐year overall‐survival (39.1% vs. 74.5%, p = 0.011). Nonincidental diagnoses (vs. incidental) had lower 5‐year overall‐survival (33.6% vs. 71.1%, p = 0.02). Incidentally‐detected recurrences (vs. nonincidental) were more likely offered salvage treatment (75.9% vs. 35.7%, p < 0.001).ConclusionRoutine clinical examination, nasoendoscopy, and imaging allow early detection of asymptomatic recurrences, with improved outcomes.
Consensus statement for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of kaposiform hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Zhou Jiangyuan , Qiu Tong , Zhang Zixin , Lan Yuru , Huo Ran , Xiang Bo , Chen Siyuan , Qiu Li , Xia Chunchao , Xu Xuewen , Li Jing , Ma Yangyang , Yao Wei , Wang Zuopeng , Dong Changxian , Qin Zhongping , Tai Maozhong , Guo Lei , He Xin , Gu Song , Li Li , Hou Fang , Cai Yu , Wang Huaijie , Wang Jinhu , Jiang Xian , Zheng Jiawei , Li Kai , Ji Yi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractKaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor that typically presents in infancy or early childhood. As awareness of KHE increases, it is imperative that the management of KHE be updated to reflect the latest evidence‐based guidelines. The aim of this study was to integrate the literature and Chinese expert opinions to provide updated recommendations that will guide the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with KHE. According to this consensus statement, 28 nationally peer‐recognized experts in vascular anomalies and an expert in evidence‐based medicine were assembled and formed three consensus subgroups. A series of key themes and questions were developed for each group, including recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. A systematic search was conducted for English‐language articles published in PubMed and other relevant studies identified by the expert panel. A diagnosis of KHE necessitates the integration of clinical, imaging, and histologic features. The treatment of KHE should be tailored to the specific characteristics of each patient, including the size of the lesion, the presence of symptoms, the location, and the overall condition of the patient. In addition to focusing on the disease itself, it is also important to consider the complications of KHE and their impact on prognosis. The recommendations presented herein are intended to assist in the guidance of clinical practice and decision‐making in patients with KHE, with the objective of improving patient outcomes.