bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Adjoint-Based Favorable Winds for the Generation of the Central Pacific El Niño
Authors: Yang Weisheng , Liu Chuanyu , Köhl Armin , Wang Jin , Wang Xin , Wang Fan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Central Pacific (CP) El Niño (i.e., CP El Niño) events have occurred more frequently during recent decades. Wind stress patterns are argued to have significant effects on the generation and evolution of CP El Niño. However, the winds differ in different CP El Niño events, making it hard in previous studies to avoid overgeneralizing the timing and location of the winds that indeed matter. In this study, the theoretically favorable wind perturbations (FWPs) that may warm the Niño-4 region, in terms of their directions, horizontal structures, and bounds, in each month before the peak month (December) of CP El Niños are determined, using an adjoint sensitivity method. The mechanisms of the FWPs are interpreted. Primarily, zonal temperature advection via the equatorial wave–associated velocity anomalies is responsible. In particular, easterly FWPs over the central equatorial Pacific with off-equatorial westerly FWPs (constituting a wind structure with a strong north–south gradient) during the first half year can play a positive role in warming the Niño-4 region and so can the westerly FWPs over the western tropical Pacific, while westerly FWPs in the western-central tropical Pacific in the second half year show higher efficiency. Meanwhile, the particular wind structure of the first half year (i.e., the easterly anomaly over the central equatorial Pacific with strong wind stress curl off the equator) has also been verified to be able to produce a CP-type warming in an intermediate coupled model (ICM); similar wind stress anomalies had been observed in some CP El Niño events. Thus, the FWPs provide helpful guidance in analyzing the generation and evolving processes of the wind-driven CP El Niño.
Social determinants associated with psychological distress in children and adolescents during and after the first COVID-19-related lockdown in France: results from the CONFEADO study
Authors: Estevez Mégane , Oppenchaim Nicolas , Rezzoug Dalila , Laurent Isaura , Domecq Sandrine , Khireddine-Medouni Imane , Thierry Xavier , Galera Cédric , De Stefano Carla , Vandentorren Stéphanie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to analyze the parental socio-demographic characteristics of children and adolescents aged 9 to 18 years old, as well as the living and housing conditions associated with the psychological distress in these two sub-populations during and after France’s first national COVID-19-related lockdown in spring 2020.

Methods
We used data from the cross-sectional, observational, web-based study CONFEADO, which collected data on children and adolescents’ living and housing conditions and socio-demographic characteristics as well as those of their parents. It also collected data on children’s and adolescents’ health behaviors and psychological distress. We assessed psychological distress using the 10-item Children and Adolescents Psychological Distress Scale (CAPDS-10), and performed a multinomial logistic regression.

Results
A total of 2882 children and adolescents were included in the present study. Factors associated with moderate psychological distress included being a female, parental financial difficulties, a lack of a private living space at home for the child/adolescent, and the following child health behaviors: no leisure or recreational activities with adults in the household, doing less than one hour of school homework a day, and not going outside during the lockdown. Severe psychological distress was associated with the parent’s occupation (especially essential frontline workers), a lack of a private living space at home for the child/adolescent, and the following child health behaviors: spending over 5 h a day on social media, doing less than one hour of school homework a day, and no leisure or recreational activities with adults in the household.

Conclusions
This study emphasizes the impact of housing and living conditions, as well as parents’ socio-economic characteristics on children’s health behaviors and psychological needs during the first COVID-19-related lockdown in France. Our results suggest that health policies implemented during future pandemics should consider these structural social determinants to prevent severe psychological distress in children and adolescents.
Evolutionary patterns of archaea predominant in acidic environment
Authors: Bargiela Rafael , Korzhenkov Aleksei A. , McIntosh Owen A. , Toshchakov Stepan V. , Yakimov Mikhail M. , Golyshin Peter N. , Golyshina Olga V. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Archaea of the order Thermoplasmatales are widely distributed in natural acidic areas and are amongst the most acidophilic prokaryotic organisms known so far. These organisms are difficult to culture, with currently only six genera validly published since the discovery of Thermoplasma acidophilum in 1970. Moreover, known great diversity of uncultured Thermoplasmatales represents microbial dark matter and underlines the necessity of efforts in cultivation and study of these archaea. Organisms from the order Thermoplasmatales affiliated with the so-called “alphabet-plasmas”, and collectively dubbed “E-plasma”, were the focus of this study. These archaea were found predominantly in the hyperacidic site PM4 of Parys Mountain, Wales, UK, making up to 58% of total metagenomic reads. However, these archaea escaped all cultivation attempts.

Results
Their genome-based metabolism revealed its peptidolytic potential, in line with the physiology of the previously studied Thermoplasmatales isolates. Analyses of the genome and evolutionary history reconstruction have shown both the gain and loss of genes, that may have contributed to the success of the “E-plasma” in hyperacidic environment compared to their community neighbours. Notable genes among them are involved in the following molecular processes: signal transduction, stress response and glyoxylate shunt, as well as multiple copies of genes associated with various cellular functions; from energy production and conversion, replication, recombination, and repair, to cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis and archaella production. History events reconstruction shows that these genes, acquired by putative common ancestors, may determine the evolutionary and functional divergences of “E-plasma”, which is much more developed than other representatives of the order Thermoplasmatales. In addition, the ancestral hereditary reconstruction strongly indicates the placement of Thermogymnomonas acidicola close to the root of the Thermoplasmatales.

Conclusions
This study has analysed the metagenome-assembled genome of “E-plasma”, which denotes the basis of their predominance in Parys Mountain environmental microbiome, their global ubiquity, and points into the right direction of further cultivation attempts. The results suggest distinct evolutionary trajectories of organisms comprising the order Thermoplasmatales, which is important for the understanding of their evolution and lifestyle.
A multi-method approach to selecting PRO-CTCAE symptoms for patient-reported outcome in women with endometrial or ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Christiansen Mille Guldager , Pappot Helle , Jensen Pernille Tine , Mirza Mansoor Raza , Jarden Mary , Piil Karin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Women with endometrial or ovarian cancer experience a variety of symptoms during chemotherapy. Patient-Reported outcomes (PROs) can provide insight into the symptoms they experience. A PRO tool tailored to this patient population can help accurately monitor adverse events and manage symptoms. The objective of this study was to identify items in the National Cancer Institute’s measurement system Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE®) appropriate for use in a PRO tool for a population of women with endometrial or ovarian cancer undergoing treatment with taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel) in combination with carboplatin.

Methods
A two-phase, sequential multi-methods approach was applied. In phase one, a comprehensive literature search was done to map the toxicity of the applied chemotherapeutics and phase III clinical studies. Phase two, which comprised selecting the PRO-CTCAE items, included discussions with and feedback from a patient advisory board, an additional literature search, and focus group interviews with senior oncologists and specialized oncology nurses. A national expert panel facilitated both phases in terms of carefully select items from the PRO-CTCAE library.

Results
Phase one identified 18 symptoms and phase two, three additional ones, leading to the inclusion of 21 PRO-CTCAE symptoms in the final PRO tool. Since PRO-CTCAE also contains one to three sub-questions on the frequency, severity, and interference with daily activities of symptoms, there were 44 potential items.

Conclusions
This study describes taking a multi-method approach to selecting items from the PRO-CTCAE library for use in a population of women with endometrial or ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy. By systematically combining diverse approaches, we carefully selected 21 clinically relevant symptoms covered by 44 items in the PRO-CTCAE library. Future studies should investigate the psychometric properties of this PRO tool for women with endometrial or ovarian cancer.
Sleep-disordered breathing due to parapharyngeal space plexiform neurofibroma in neurofibromatosis-1: a case report and literature review
Authors: Balakrishnan Manu Coimbatore , Bhatia Abhijeet , Deka Anuradha , Shunyu Brian N , Phukan Pranjal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant disorder with an incidence of 1 in 3000 births. Neurofibromas can occur anywhere in the body. Of all the head and neck tumours parapharyngeal space tumours constitute 0.5%. Neurofibromas can constitute about 9% of all the neurogenic tumours (41%) of the parapharyngeal space. Prevalence of nasal obstruction and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing symptoms due to Plexiform neurofibroma in Neurofibromatosis type 1 is rare amounting to less than 0.5% of cases of parapharyngeal space tumours.
Case presentation
We present a case report of a 24-year-old female patient of Neurofibromatosis type 1 who presented with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing symptoms due to Plexiform neurofibroma in the parapharyngeal space. She had complaints of progressive nasal obstruction with associated snoring, disturbed sleep, and daytime somnolence without any significantly large external neck swelling. She underwent excision of the right parapharyngeal tumor by combined trans parotid and transcervical approach. After histopathological examination, a diagnosis of Plexiform neurofibroma was made. On 1-year follow-up, she is doing well without any recurrence and her presenting symptoms of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing symptoms had improved.

Conclusion
The symptoms of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing symptoms need to be kept in mind while evaluating such patients and careful attention needs to be given to the patients who report disturbed sleep. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a multi-system disease which needs holistic care and approach. Such patients should be offered symptomatic treatment and leading questions on the quality of sleep should be asked. Any treatable cause of disturbed sleep like organic sleep disorder should be treated promptly in such patients.
Leveraging Learning Collectives: How Novice Outsiders Break into an Occupation
Authors: Kaynak Ece 
Published: July 2023

Existing research depicts occupational learning as predominantly happening through formal education, situated learning, or a combination of the two. How career switchers might develop occupational skills outside of these established learning pathways is understudied. This paper examines how novice outsiders break into a skilled occupation by looking at the case of aspiring software developers attending coding bootcamps. Drawing on 17 months of fieldwork in the San Francisco Bay area, I find that bootcamps did not resemble either schools or workplaces, the two institutions that facilitate occupational learning. Instead, bootcamps scaffolded learning collectives—groups composed of peers and near peers who learn collaboratively and purposefully to reach a shared goal. Within learning collectives, aspirants progressed from novice outsiders to hirable software developers, despite limited access to proximate experts to learn from or legitimate peripheral participation opportunities. Three scaffoldings facilitated learning at bootcamps. First, peer team structures turned what is normally a solitary activity—writing code—into a collaborative endeavor and facilitated peer-to-peer knowledge exchange. Second, near-peer role structures engaged recent graduates in teaching and mentorship relationships with novices so that aspirants could access knowledge quickly and easily. Third, bootcamps encouraged aspirants to self-learn by reaching out to the expertise of the broader occupational community. This third scaffolding prepared aspirants for learning beyond the bootcamp curriculum and socialized them for an occupation with high learning demands. The outcome of this process was that novices pursuing an alternative mode of occupational entry developed both occupational skills and new self-conceptions as software developers. Funding: This work was supported by a grant from Stanford Cyber Initiative.
T-lymphocytes FoxP3+ and their interconnection with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus type 2: a pilot study
Authors: Kologrivova I. V. , Koshelskaya O. A. , Suslova T. E. , Kharitonova O. A. , Trubacheva O. A. , Kravchenko E. S. , Dmitriukov A. A. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: One of the common pathogenic links of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is chronic low-grade inflammation, restricted by FoxP3+ T-regulatory lymphocytes.AIM: To investigate the numbers of FoxP3+CD25hi and FoxP3+CD25lo T-lymphocytes, the subcellular localization of FoxP3 in them, and the production of the main cytokines in relation to clinical and metabolic parameters in patients with association of CAD and T2DM.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational single-center single-stage comparative study was conducted. The severity of atherosclerosis was assessed by calculating the Gensini Score index after coronary angiography. Absolute numbers and frequencies of CD4+CD25hiFoxP3+ and CD4+CD25loFoxP3+ T-lymphocytes were assessed in peripheral blood by flow cytometry. Imaging flow cytometry was used to determine the degree of FoxP3 translocation to the cell’s nucleus. Concentration of cytokines in blood serum and supernatants of mononuclear leukocytes’ cultures was determined by the multiplex analysis.RESULTS: We recruited 57 patients with chronic CAD. Of these, T2DM was diagnosed in 22 patients. In patients with CAD and T2DM, the absolute numbers and frequencies of FoxP3+CD25lo cells were increased compared to patients with CAD without diabetes (1.15 (0.98; 1.73) vs. 0.96 (0.60; 1.15)% (р=0.046); 1.48 (1.05; 1.97) vs. 1.07 (0.71; 1.42) x107/L (р=0.025)). Patients with T2DM also had a higher level of translocation of FoxP3 to the nucleus of FoxP3+CD25lo cells (92.0 (86.4; 95.0) vs. 88.7 (80.0; 91.4)%, р=0.040) and increased concentration of the chemokine CCL22 both in blood serum (912 (828; 1061) vs. 669 (585; 738) pg/mL, р=0.022) and supernatants of LPS-stimulated mononuclear leukocyte cultures (1189 (851; 1310) vs. 539 (437; 949) pg/mL, р=0.038), which correlated with the presence of CD4+CD25hiFoxP3+ cells (Rs=0.587; p=0.044) and the triglyceride/glucose index (Rs=0.587; p=0.044). The identified changes were most pronounced in patients with moderately elevated values on the Gensini Score (17–45 points).CONCLUSION: We are the first to show association between the numbers of FoxP3+CD25lo-lymphocytes in peripheral blood and an increase in the nuclear translocation of FoxP3 in them with the severity of atherosclerosis in patients with association of CAD and T2DM. These data justify the necessity of the further investigation of the diagnostic significance of FoxP3+CD25lo-cells as biomarkers of tissue inflammation.
Musculoskeletal disorders in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Balakhonova E. A. 
Published: July 2023

The increased prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases is most often observed in diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to the general population. This is a common cause of disability. DM affects on all components of the musculoskeletal system, namely: muscles, bones and connective tissue. One of the unique diseases that occur only in humans with DM is diabetic myonecrosis. Other pathological conditions include: diabetic amyotrophia, adhesive capsulitis, diabetic cheiropathy, Dupuytren contracture, stenosing tendovaginitis of flexors, carpal tunnel syndrome, diabetic osteoarthropathy and others. Some of the complications have a known direct link to DM, while others have a suspected but unproven link. Musculoskeletal complications in people with DM receive less attention than life-threatening microvascular or macrovascular complications. However, these complications are underestimated and can lead to significant consequences. This review systematizes the prevailing knowledge about the influence of DM on the pathologies of the musculoskeletal system and the main mechanisms that underlie these disorders. The rest of the article is devoted to the clinical importance of early detection, diagnosis and treatment of these complications, which will help improve the prognosis of life. At the same time, the influence of DM on musculoskeletal disorders is insufficiently covered in the domestic literature, which was the purpose of this review.
Evaluating the Effect of Tool Wear in Soft Soil Using New TBM Tunneling Simulator Device
Authors: Nickjouye Tabrizi Amir Hossein , Chakeri Hamid , Darbor Mohammad , Amoun Sadegh , Shakeri Hadi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cutting tool resistance to abrasion are among the most important factors in the efficiency of earth pressure balance (EPB)–tunnel boring machines (TBMs). Excessive wear negatively affects the operating parameters of the tunneling machine and reduces its efficiency. Considering the lack of a comprehensive and accepted method for the study of wear in soft grounds, this study sought to design and manufacture a TBM tunneling simulator to better understand the interaction between soil and cutting tools. For this purpose, after introducing a new machine manufactured in Sahand University of Technology (Tabriz, Iran), the effect of the density of two types of soil with different granulation and moisture on the wear of cutting tools under different conditions was investigated to simulate the TBM tunneling mechanism. The low rotational speed of the cutterhead (similar to EPB machines), continuous contact of the cutting tool with the intact soil, continuous injection of conditioning additives with specified injection pressure during the test, and horizontal operation similar to TBM are the most important features of this machine. The results indicated that an increase in the soil density from 1.5 to 2.0 g/cm3 at a moisture content of 7 % increased the maximum wear of cutting tools from 4.1 to 11.6 %. Accordingly, a similar trend was observed for moisture of 13 %. By studying wear at different densities and percentages of moisture, a decreasing trend of wear was observed under the same conditions at a higher moisture percentage. Furthermore, increasing the soil density initially increases the wear of cutting tools, although a further increase in the density causes clogging in the cutterhead, and no significant changes were observed in the amount of wear in this area. Finally, the results of some operational tests show that increasing the penetration rate and rotational speed of the cutterhead can decrease and increase tool wear under different conditions, respectively.
The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the condition of newborns depending on the mother’s COVID status: a retrospective study
Authors: Sutovskaya Diana V. , Burlutskaya Alla V. , Garbuzova Elena M. , Makunts Anastasia A. , Kuzmenko Anna V. , Gabdullina Ekaterina V. , Pyzhyanova Polina A. , Gorbacheva Lubov V. 
Published: July 2023

Background. A novel coronavirus infection in newborns seems to be an unexplored problem, which encourages pediatric specialists to conduct in-depth research in this direction. The aim of the study is the impact of COVID status of mothers on the condition of newborns. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 554 newborn histories (form 097/y) born from January 2021 to May 2022 was carried out in the Maternity Hospital in Krasnodar: 226 children from SARS-CoV-2 positive women at the time of delivery (group 1), 165 children from women who had SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy (group 2) and 165 children from women who did not have SARS-CoV-2 in history during pregnancy (control group). Results. 42% of newborns from group 1 had positive results of the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) study, of which 36% had pneumonia. The frequency of preterm birth was: 29% in the group 1, 21% in the group 2, 13% in the control group. The gestational age 32–34 weeks was more common in group 1. Children from the group 1 had a more severe condition when assessed on the APGAR scale both at the first and fifth minutes. Congenital pneumonia was more common among patients of the groups 1 and 2 relative to the control, children from the group 1 more often needed respiratory support compared with the group 2 and control group. Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 virus was verified in 42% of children born to mothers with a positive PCR at the time of birth, while every third disease was accompanied by the development of pneumonia. Coronavirus infection, regardless of the mother’s COVID status, is a risk factor for preterm birth, congenital pneumonia, and asphyxia. COVID-positive maternal and neonatal status is associated with an increased need for respiratory support.
Vulvovaginitis in childhood and adolescence in a gynecologist practice
Authors: Karachentsova Irina V. , Sibirskaya Elena V. , Fomina Mariya M. 
Published: July 2023

Background. The study of the etiology and pathogenesis of vulvovaginitis in different age periods of girls in order to preserve their reproductive health. Objective. The aim of the study is — to identify risk factors for the development of vulvovaginitis at different girls age periods. Methods. Retrospective analysis of information from electronic medical records of 100 girls of various ages with inflammatory diseases of the vulva and vagina treated on an outpatient basis. Results. Risk factors identified: children in the period of neonatality and infancy this is an incorrect conduct of hygiene measures due to insufficient awareness of parents; in the period of neutral childhood — allergic reactions, somatic diseases, antibiotic treatment, enterobiosis and childhood masturbation, children in the period of acute respiratory viral infections, inability to take care of the genitals; in adolescent girls — the presence of chronic somatic inflammatory diseases, antibiotic therapy, early onset of sexual activity, lack of contraception, non-compliance with personal hygiene rules, violation of menstrual hygiene, belated access to a doctor. The main causative agents of vulvovaginitis in the period of neutral childhood were representatives of coccal flora and E. coli, in adolescence — Candida and microbial associations. Conclusion. Preventive conversations with patients and their parents about the identified risk factors for vulvovaginitis are necessary in order to prevent the development of inflammatory diseases of the genitals and to preserve reproductive health.