bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excess mortality and COVID-19 lockdowns: Results from mixed-effects modelling for Thailand
Authors: Lacaza Rutcher , Lapitan Pamela , Kochhar Nishtha , Tan Elaine S. , Thomas Milan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Accurate mortality data are critical for understanding the impact of COVID-19 and learning lessons from crisis responses. But official statistics risk undercounting deaths due to limited testing and underreporting, especially in developing countries. Thailand has experienced four COVID-19 waves and used a color-coded, province-level system for lockdowns. To account for deaths directly and indirectly caused by COVID-19, this paper uses mixed-effects modelling to estimate counterfactual deaths from January 2020 to December 2021 and construct a monthly time series of provincial excess mortality. The model reveals that excess mortality was much higher than official figures, with the largest undercounting for males and the elderly. Then, recently developed panel regression methods are used to characterize the correlations among restrictions, mobility, and excess mortality. The findings suggest that lockdowns stemmed excess mortality with a three-month lag.
The Prophylactic Effect of Topical Ketorolac Tromethamine on Macular Thickening after Phacoemulsification in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Mohammad-Rabei Hossein , Sabbaghi Hamideh , Emamverdi Mehdi , Karimi Saeed , Ramezani Alireza , Nikkhah Homayoun , Kheiri Bahareh , Yaseri Mehdi , Sheibani Kourosh , Bahreini Razieh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: To determine the prophylactic effect of ketorolac tromethamine0.5% in preventing post-phacoemulsification macular thickening. This randomized clinical trial. patients randomized 1:1 to receive either topical ketorolac three times a day or a placebo.
Methods: A total of 101 eyes of 101 diabetic patients who were scheduled for phacoemulsification and had normal macular contour and thickness enrolled consecutively. The topical ketorolac and placebo were prescribed on the day before surgery and continued up to 4 weeks after surgery. Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, a history of intravitreal injection in less than three months, a history of macular photocoagulation in less than 6 months, and any other concomitant ocular pathologies were excluded. Central macular thickness (CMT) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded in the follow-ups of 6, 12, and 24 weeks after the surgery and compared with the controls.
Results: 49 eyes in the case group and 52 eyes in the control group were analyzed.Mean BCVA was significantly improved in both groups at all follow-ups (P<0.001 for all). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the BCVA in different time points except week 12 (P=0.028) among the study group. In the case and control groups, CMT was increased at all follow-ups (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference when comparing the two groups regarding the mean of CMT at any time point postoperatively (P>0.05 for all).
Conclusion: Based on our findings, topical ketorolac tromethamine 0.5% is not effective in the prevention of post-phacoemulsification macular thickening in diabetic patients.
Trail registration: The study protocol was registered into www.clinicaltrial.gov with the RCT registration number NCT03551808. ( May 2018 )
A Tropic and Subtropics 2oC Difference Affecting the Spatiotemporal Distribution of Small Demersal Fish Assemblages - Central Western Taiwan Example
Authors: Chen Kuo-Shu , Chen Chiee-Young , Chang Yi , Chen Hsu-Sen , Chen Meng-Hsien 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Two OR3 research vessel cruises were conducted at seven nearshore sites from north to south in the western coastal waters off Taiwan in May (late spring) and November (late autumn) 2019 in order to gain insights into the 2oC difference in the tropical-subtropical fish fauna. Totally, 37 families, 72 genera, and 99 taxas were recorded for the 1,809 fishes. Three fish assemblages, the North, South, and Fall-Zhuoshui River (ZRf) groups, were identified as eurythermal, stenothermal, and croaker communities. Their dominants, in rank order, were Tarphops oligolepis, Liachirus melanospilosa, Ostorhinchus fasciatus, and Trachinocephalus myops for the Northern eurythermal group, Arnoglossus tenuis, Eubleekeria splendens, and O. pleuron for the Southern stenothermal group, and Johnius taiwanensis, Chrysochir aureus, and Pennahia macrocephalus for the croaker-ZRf group. Their distribution was markedly correlated with the bottom water temperature, seafloor grain size and concentration of suspended solids. The influence of a 2oC difference on the tropic and subtropics demersal fish that could foresee the climate change of rising temperatures shaping fish communities. A flatfish, Liachirus melanospilos was distributed northward by 0.5oN and is suggested to be considered as an ecological indicator of the tropicalization of subtropical marine ecosystems in the future.
A massive interacting galaxy 525 million years after the Big Bang
Authors: Boyett Kit , Trenti Michele , Leethochawalit Nicha , Calabro Antonello , Metha Benjamin , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Dalmasso Nicolo , Yang Lilan , Santini Paola , Treu Tommaso , Jones Tucker , Henry Alaina , Mason Charlotte , Morishita Takahiro , Nanayakkara Themiya , Roy Namrata , Wang Xin , Fontana Adriano , Merlin Emiliano , Castellano Marco , Paris Diego , Bradac Marusa , Marchesini Danilo , Mascia Sara , Pentericci Laura , Vanzella Eros , Vulcani Benedetta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
JWST observations confirmed the existence of galaxies as early as 300 million years and with a higher number density than what was expected based on galaxy formation models and Hubble Space Telescope observations. Yet, sources confirmed spectroscopically so far in the first 500 million years have estimated stellar masses below 5×108 M⊙, limiting the signal to noise ratio for investigating substructure. Here, we present a high-resolution spectroscopic and spatially resolved study of a rare bright galaxy at a redshift z = 9.3127±0.0002 (525 million years after the Big Bang) with an estimated stellar mass of (2.5+0.7 −0.5) × 109 M⊙, forming 25+3 −4 Solar masses per year and with a metallicity of about one tenth of Solar - lower than in the local universe for the stellar mass but in line with expectations of chemical enrichment in galaxies 1-2 billion years after the Big Bang. The system has a morphology typically associated to two interacting galaxies, with a two-component main clump of very young stars (age less than 10 million years) surrounded by an extended stellar population (130 ± 20 million years old, identified from modeling of the NIRSpec spectrum) and an elongated clumpy tidal tail. The observations acquired at high spectral resolution identify oxygen, neon and hydrogen emission lines, as well as the Lyman break, where there is evidence of substantial absorption of Lyα. The [O II] doublet is resolved spectrally, enabling an estimate of the electron number density and ionization parameter of the interstellar medium and showing higher densities and ionization than in analogs at lower redshifts. For the first time at z > 8, we identify evidence of absorption lines (silicon, carbon and iron), with low confidence individual detections but signal-to-noise ratio larger than 6 when stacked. These absorption features suggest that Lyα is damped by the interstellar and circumgalactic medium. Our observations provide evidence of rapid and efficient built up of mass and metals in the immediate aftermath of the Big Bang through mergers, demonstrating that massive galaxies with several billion stars are present at earlier times than expected.
Prediction and Suppression of Chaotic Flutter in Wind Turbines
Authors: Meehan Paul Anthony 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chaotic motion in a fluttering wind turbine blade is investigated using an efficient analytical predictive model that is then used to suppress the phenomenon. Flutter is a dynamic instability of an elastic structure in a fluid, such as an airfoil section of a wind turbine blade. It is presently modelled using generalised two degree of freedom coupled modes of a blade airfoil section (pitch and plunge) combined with local unsteady aerodynamics, based on flutter derivatives and a continuous bilinear lift curve under damping. The mode coupling causes instability and limit cycle behaviour due to a Hopf bifurcation that may lead to period doubling and chaotic behaviour after the critical flutter speed. New closed form conservative analytical conditions for blade flutter chaos are identified and discussed for the wind turbine section taking into account the blade geometry and optimal design of the wind turbine. These predictions are numerically verified for a range of conditions including stall slope and damping. The results confirm that blade flutter chaos can occur due to nonlinearities in the aerodynamics i.e. due to a bilinear lift law. This phenomenon is then suppressed to unrealistically high wind speeds and/or eliminated by quantified variation of system parameters using the predictive model. The results show that small changes in tip speed ratio (-15%) and stall slope factor (-17%) can eliminate or suppress chaotic flutter while in general larger changes in dynamic parameters (ie mass, stiffness, damping) are required to achieve the same, by detuning the coupled plunge and pitch natural frequencies or damping out overlapping parametric resonances. General insight is also provided into the occurrence and suppression of airfoil flutter chaos in aeroelastic structures like wind turbines.
Color Stability of Nanohybrid and Microhybrid Composites in Common Yemeni Immersion Media Including Qishr, Coffee, and Qat: A Laboratory-Based Study
Authors: Al-Shami Ahlam Mohammad , Alshami Mohammad Ali , Al-Kholani Abdulwahab I. , Al-Sayaghi Amat Alkhaliq 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the color stability of microhybrid and nanohybrid restorative composites after exposure to immersion media common in Yemen for different periods.Methods:Two composite materials, nanohybrid Tetric N-Ceram and microhybrid Te-Econom Plus, were investigated. Six groups of 30 cylindrical specimens (n = 5/group; diameter, 10 mm; thickness, 2 mm; shade A2) of each restorative material were immersed for 1 week in distilled water, qat solution, Yemeni coffee, traditional Yemeni coffee (qishr), red tea, and Dilsi cola. Color changes were evaluated by colorimetry. The color data and pH were measured before immersion and after 1, 3, and 7 d. Three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by one-way ANOVA and Scheffé test was used for statistical analysis.Results:Tetric N-Ceram showed lesser discoloration than did Te-Econom Plus. Qat, coffee, and red tea caused highly significant discoloration compared with Dilsi cola and distilled water (p < 0.05). The role of low pH in discoloration depended on the colorant.Conclusions:Nanohybrid Tetric N-Ceram composites are more resistant to discoloration than are microhybrid Te-Econom Plus composites. Qat and coffee had the highest effect on composite discoloration. These findings will aid in selecting composite materials and patient instruction. Trial registration: NA
WITHDRAWN: Determination of Various Factors to Evaluate a Successful Curriculum Design Using Interval - Valued Pythagorean Neutrosophic Graphs
Authors: broumi said , Sundareswaran R. , Shanmugapriya M. , Chellamani P. , Bakali Assia , Talea Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Graph theory is a developing field which has many advancements and developments in real-life applications. Although graph theory has rapid growth in modeling real life issues, some vague details in real-life problems are hard to picture using the usual graph. Fuzzy graph theory is known for its applications in modeling the human thinking, which has the same structure as graph theory. The concept of fuzzy graphs extended to Pythagorean fuzzy sets depends on real-time situations. Thus, the proposed investigation aims to develop the doctrine of Interval-Valued Pythagorean Neutrosophic Graphs (IVPNG) and their arithmetic operations. In addition, the concept of regular, strong, product, support strong, effective balanced IVPNG are introduced for aggregating the IVPNGs information and analysed with suitable examples. Further, a methodology for successful curriculum design is examined to illuminate the adequacy and feasibility of the developed IVPNG.
Quantum fluctuation of ferroelectric order in polar metals
Authors: Gu Fangyuan , Wang Jie , Lang Zijian , Ku Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The polar metallic phase is an unusual metallic phase of matter containing long-range ferroelectric (FE) order in the electronic and atomic structure. Distinct from the typical FE insulating phase, this phase spontaneously breaks the inversion symmetry without global polarization. Unexpectedly, the FE order is found to be dramatically suppressed and destroyed at moderate ∼10% carrier density. Here, we propose a general mechanism based on carrier-induced quantum fluctuations to explain this puzzling phenomenon. The quantum kinetic effect would drive the formation of polaronic quasi-particles made of the carriers and their surrounding dipoles. The disruption in dipolar directions can therefore weaken or even destroy the FE order. We demonstrate such polaron formation and the associated FE suppression via a concise model using exact diagonalization, perturbation, and quantum Monte Carlo approaches. This quantum mechanism also provides an intuitive picture for many puzzling experimental findings, thereby facilitating new designs of multifunctional FE electronic devices augmented with quantum effects.
Development of Speech Recognition System for Remote Vocal Music Teaching based on Markov model
Authors: Xu Fumei , Xia Yu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the popularization of smart homes, car audio systems and various speech recognition software, speech recognition systems have gradually entered people's sights, and are favored by most users because of their practicability and accuracy. Cognition is an important interface for human-computer interaction. It will become a research focus in the field of artificial intelligence. It plays an important role in cultivating the basic characteristics of music and cultivating students' interest in music, and vocal music teaching. Teaching traditional vocal music education to students in the form of classrooms, such as vocal music, arrangement, and bel canto. The disadvantage is the lack of communication between the classroom and teachers and students. On the other hand, the development of Internet technology provides a new teaching method for traditional vocal music teaching, and provides a network infrastructure for building a vocal teaching system platform. Therefore, this article provides a preliminary construction of a remote vocal music education platform by combining vocal music education with Internet technology. The remote audio and video training system is a complex and relatively large project with multiple functions. Introduce important functions in this system. At the same time, register and log in to the remote voice and video implementation requirements and system functions respectively to realize functions such as video training and video-on-demand training.
Effect of Acceleration on Aerodynamic Performance of Flapping-wing Air Vehicle
Authors: Li Zhandong , gong Changquan , Zhao Xinyu , Ma Shuang , Wang Wei , Zhao Jinfang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The acceleration effect on aerodynamic performance of flapping wing air vehicle (FWAV) is studied. A multi-degree-of-freedom three-dimensional bionic flapping wing motion model with acceleration effect is established and the hydrodynamic performance can be obtained by CFD. The aerodynamic coefficient variations are combined to reveal the aerodynamic and pressure distribution characteristics at the transient and peak moments under each acceleration coefficient. The results show that compared with conventional flapping, the acceleration effect of the flapping wing can significantly increase the aerodynamic lift and thrust. The accelerated downstroke of the flapping wing changes the intensity of leading-edge vorticity and trailing edge vorticity, and increases the eddy current adhesion area of the upper surface of the wing. The acceleration effect also increases the capture effect of last cycle LEV shedding of the flapping wing, thus significantly improving aerodynamic performance of the flapping wing.
Perception of risk of recurrence among patients with first episode and recurrent schizophrenia: A descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Yu Hong , Sun Yujing , Qin Mengnan , Ren Jiaxin , Yu Kai , Song Jin , Zhou Yuqiu , Liu Li 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Patients suffering from schizophrenia are at a higher risk of relapse. The perception of the risk of recurrence in patients with schizophrenia is critical for recurrence prevention. In the field of psychiatry, the study of risk perception of recurrence, has been neglected.
Methods: We carried out a qualitative study using a descriptive phenomenological approach. Data were collected at twopsychiatric hospitals in China. In total, 22 patients with schizophrenia were recruited through purposive sampling. Face to face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with them. Interview recordings were transcribed by the research team, and transcripts were analyzed by two independent coders with Colaizzi’s descriptive analysis framework. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist was used for reporting.
Results: The data of first-episode schizophrenic patients yielded three themes: (i) lack of knowledge about disease recognition and medical treatment; (ii) overoptimistic estimation of the risk of recurrence; (iii) perceived importance of treatment. For first-recurrence schizophrenic patients : (i) initial awareness of relapse warning symptom; (ii) lack of systematic and accurate assessment of disease information; (iii) the perception of drug withdrawal is related to recurrence. Patients with multiple recurrences : (i) susceptibility to relapse: confusion and powerlessness; (ii) the severity of recurrence: suicidal thoughts and behavior; (iii) effects of perceived benefits and barriers on therapeutic behavior.
Conclusions: In schizophrenic patients with first-episode, first-recurrence, and multiple recurrences, there were dynamic changes in the perception of disease recurrence risk and treatment behavior. Medical workers must improve risk awareness education. They should provide patients with scientific, accurate, and timely communication channels, and dynamically assess and manage the risk of recurrence in various patients.
Identification and Validation of Lactate Metabolism-Related Genes in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Xu Jiawei , Zhang Yunpeng , Rong Gan , Liu Zhuoqi , Deng Yan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Lactic acid metabolism may play an imperative role in the development of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). Through bioinformatics analysis, we strive to identify the potential lactate metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) of ROP, and predict their functions and internal mechanisms.
Methods: GSE158799 microarray dataset is located on the GPL18635 platform (Ion Torrent Proton), which is from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Firstly, we used R software to screen for potentially differentially expressed LMRGs related to ROP. Then we analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by protein–protein interactions (PPI), correlation analysis, gene-ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and assessment of immune cell infiltration.
Results: A total of 41 differentially expressed LMRGs were identified among 284 genes in 3 P17_OIR mice and 3 P17_OIR mice. The results of PPI analysis indicated the interaction among these LMRGs. And the GO and KEGG analysis revealed several enriched pathways related to lactate metabolism, such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and Apelin signaling pathway. Moreover, immune infiltration analysis showed that the expression levels of immune cells in the sample changed greatly, especially M1 and M2 macrophages.
Conclusion: We identified 41 potential LMRGs correlated to ROP. These DEGs may regulate lactate metabolism, leading to the changes of metabolism and immunity, thereby inducing the development of ROP. Our results will expand our understanding of the intrinsic mechanism of ROP and may be helpful for the directions for treatment of ROP in the future.
Automatic and Continuous Blood Pressure Monitoring Via an Optical-Fiber-Sensor-Assisted Smartwatch
Authors: Li Liangye , Sheng Shunfeng , Liu Yunfei , Wen Jianpei , Song Changying , Chen Zhipeng , Xu Wangyang , Zhang Zhi , Fan Wei , Chen Chen , Sun Qizhen , Shum Perry-Ping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Automatic and continuous blood pressure monitoring is important for preventing cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. The evaluation of medication effects and the diagnosis of clinical hypertension can both benefit from continuous monitoring. The current generation of wearable blood pressure monitors frequently encounters limitations with inadequate portability, electrical safety, limited accuracy, and precise position alignment. Here, we present an optical fiber sensor-assisted smartwatch for precise continuous blood pressure monitoring. A fiber adapter and a liquid capsule were used in the building of the blood pressure smartwatch based on an optical fiber sensor. The fiber adapter was used to detect the pulse wave signals, and the liquid capsule was used to expand the sensing area as well as the conformability to the body. The sensor holds a sensitivity of -213µw/kPa, a response time of 5 ms, and high reproducibility with 70000 cycles. With the assistance of pulse wave signal feature extraction and a machine learning algorithm, the smartwatch can continuously and precisely monitor blood pressure. A wearable smartwatch featuring a signal processing chip, a Bluetooth transmission module, and a specially designed cellphone APP was also created for active health management. The performance in comparison with commercial sphygmomanometer reference measurements shows that the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure errors are -0.35 ± 4.68 mmHg and 2.54 ± 4.07 mmHg, respectively. These values are within the acceptable ranges for Grade A according to the British Hypertension Society (BHS) and the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI). The smartwatch assisted with an optical fiber is expected to offer a practical paradigm in digital health.