bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Some Environmental Conditions as a Risk Factors for Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Using Biochemical and Hematological Parameters
Authors: Al-nada Ali Kanaem Al-ibady Qater 
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out to determine the environmental conditions as a risk factors to determination and prevalence type two diabetes by many methods such as biochemical and haematological parameters. 65 patient (42 males and 23 females) of ages between 35-90 years old, were taken from diabetic centre in Baghdad province. In this study there are high significant differences for the males and females, therefore LSD-value was 24.88**. And LSD-value for HDL was 7.833**, also this study recorded high significant differences for the relationship between the age and attack with type two diabetes mellitus, then the LSD-value were 33.90**.This study recorded high significant differences for the relationship between the smoking patients and this disease . The LSD-value were 25.96**. Generally, this study recorded relationship between the diabetes and overweight, then LSD-value were 44.28**. Also the relationship between theCholesterol and Triglyceride was high significant and the P-value was 0.54**, and the relationship of Cholesterol with LDL was high significant, then the P-value was 0.75**, but the relationship between the Cholesterol and VLDL, also there are high significant differences, then the P-value was 0.39**. This study also recorded high significant for the relationship between Triglyceride and HDL and equal 0.32**. But the relationship between the Triglyceride and VLDL was high significant differences, then the P-value equal 0.74**. Also the relationship between the HDL and VLDL was high significant differences and equal 0.34** under the (p<0.01) and (p<0.05).While conclusions ofcurrent study are recording high significant of the relationship for gender, age groups, smoking, cholesterol, Glucose, and triglyceride,HDL and weight for people whoseattack with diabetes.Therefore the aims of current study are determining some risk factors that affects by some environmental conditions which possible to associate in developing complication for individuals with diabetes type 2. By using some testes to indicate the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2, either by using the appropriate therapy or modulating some environmental conditionsin the future, which can causative these potential risk factors.
Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms of Programmed Cell Death-1 in Susceptibility with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Najaf Population
Authors: Kadhim Mahmood Al-Akhras Rashad , Shakir Al-Nahi Alaa 
Published: August 2023

Background: The prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) has been raised in Iraq. The medical costs of such increased prevalence are high. Global studies have revealed polymorphisms of PD1 (Program Death 1) gene to be associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). This polymorphism can cause changes in various metabolic variables. Methods: The current study consists of 100 RA patients and 100 healthy control individuals. Variable parameters data included Anti-Cyclic cytrulinated peptide expression (ACCP), Rheumatoid factor (RF), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in serum and Erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) leveles. Genotyping of PD1gene polymorphism is carried out by RFLP-PCR. Various statistical analyses were applied to analyze the data.
Results: The estimation of immunological and biochemical data pointed out significant differences in Gender, RF, ACCP, CRP, ESR and age in RA when compared with those of the control group. The genotyping results were found to be consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The analysis of the genotype distribution under various inheritance models highlighted significant differences in SNP of PD1 gene polymorphism among RA patients when compared with the control group under the dominant homozygote, heterozygote and recessive homozygote. The genotype and allele frequencies of the PD1 SNP rs11568821; genotype GA was significantly increased in RA compared with controls (45% and 24%, respectively) (P=0.0020),(OR =2.5909),(95% CI 1.4-4.7) . Subjects who carried A allele were significantly more likely to develop RA three folds AA(OR=3.3529, 95% CI=1.1691-9.6160, P=0.0244). Clinical characteristics were observed to change significantly with respect to the genotype distribution of the investigated SNP. Conclusion: PD1 gene polymorphisms (rs11568821) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis in Najaf population.
p53, PTEN Tumor Suppressor Gene Methylation in Thyroid Cancer
Authors: FAWZI AHMED GHAZWAN , SALIM PITY INTISAR , MUHAMMAD AHMAD 
Published: August 2023

Background and objective: DNA methylation serves as an alternative to the mutational inactivation due to epigenetic event that alters gene expression without changing its DNA sequence. Such alterations may silence putative DNA repair genes and tumor suppressor genes whose role is undisputed in malignant transformation. This study was performed to detect the frequency of p53 and PTEN methylation in different thyroid cancers.

Method: Using methylation specific PCR methods, DNA was extracted from 76 surgically resected thyroid tissues with primary cancer. The target (p53, PTEN tumor suppressor genes) DNA was amplified with the mutation-specific primers.
Results: p53 gene complete methylation and partial methylation were 13.2%, and 17.1% respectively, whereas PTEN complete methylation and partial methylation were 18.4% and 23.7% respectively. Complete p53 methylation was significantly frequent among Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cases (50.0%) compared with other thyroid cancer, followed by Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) (33.3%). Papillary carcinoma cases were more likely to be unmethylated for p53 gene. Despite the trend of negatively associated PTEN complete methylation with any of the studied clinicopathological parameters, however, merging partial with complete methylation gave a significant association of PTEN methylation with FTC and, inversely, there was low link with Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).
Conclusion: Combined silencing of PTEN and p53 faithfully reproduces the development of ATC, and may provide a compelling rationale for a future target chemotherapy. p53 methylation appears low among early staged (T1, T2 and N0) tumors may indicate that p53 silencing is a hallmark of advanced tumors and so has bad ominous sign. PTEN methylation is also significantly associated with follicular carcinoma whereas, inversely, low in papillary carcinoma.
Research on perinatal Cytomegalovirusinfections: Bibliometric Analysis (1990–2022)
Authors: Sahin Ozgur 
Published: August 2023

Objective:Duetoitsasymptomaticnatureandtheabsence of preventivemeasures, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infectionduringpregnancyputsthe fetus at risk of congenitalabnormalities. Thegoal of thisbibliometricanalysis is toexaminethe perinatal CMVinfectionresearchlandscapefrom 1990 to 2022.
MaterialsandMethods:Thearticlesselectedfromthe Web of ScienceCore Collection underwentbibliometricanalysisusingtheVosviewertool (VOSviewer_1.6.19).Inthisstudy, theevolution of publications on congenitalCytomegalovirus, collaborationpatterns, andimportantresearchkeywordswereinvestigatedusingbibliometricmethodologies.
Results: Thisstudyfocused on 873 studies on congenital CMV infection. With an H-index of 78%, theaveragenumber of citationsperarticlewas 28.62. With 66 articlesand 2,516 citations, 2020 wastheyearwiththehighestproductivity. In SCI-EXPANDED (796 records), the Web of Scienceindexdistributionshowed 91.180%. ThehighestcategorieswereImmunology (16.724%), Pediatrics (34.822%) andInfectiousDiseases (20.962%). The US rankedfirstout of 61 countrieswith 27,950% enrollment, followedbyItalyand Japan. Top authorsincludedSuresh B. Boppana, William J. Brittand Karen Fowler.
Conclusion: Thisstudyilluminatesthetrajectory of research on the global research network onthisimportantpublichealthissue of perinatal CMV infectionandidentifieskeyauthors, institutions, andjournals. Thestudyfindings can helpresearchers in thisfield.
EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA TERBATAS MATA KULIAH PRAKTIKUM DI PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK MESIN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Saputra Pandu Atri , Purnomo Purnomo , Suharmanto Suharmanto 
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui efektivitas sistem pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas mata kuliah praktikum di Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin selama pandemi covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket. Analisis data dilakukan dengan perhitungan skala dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas sistem pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas mata kuliah praktikum di Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin dalam kategori cukup (36%). Efektivitas ditinjau dari pembelajaran dalam kategori cukup (33%). Efektivitas ditinjau dari fasilitas pembelajaran dalam kategori tinggi (37%). Efektivitas ditinjau dari mahasiswa dalam kategori tinggi (34%). Efektivitas ditinjau dari dosen masuk dalam kategori cukup (30%). Pemahaman mahasiswa pada materi kuliah praktikum masuk dalam kategori cukup dengan persentase sebesar (39%).
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PRES KALENG BEKAS MINUMAN MODEL EKSENTRIK
Authors: Tahir Abdul , Musakirawati Musakirawati 
Published: August 2023

Untuk mengurangi sampah khususnya sampah kaleng bekas minuman dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan kaleng kaleng tersebut sebagai wadah untuk menempatkan peralatan makanan seperti garpu, sendok, sumpit, pisau.dan lain-lain. Namun usaha terbaik sesungguhnya yang bisa dilakukan untuk masalah ini adalah melakukan daur ulang kaleng kelang bekas tersebut. Dalam proses daur ulang langkah awal yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengumpulkan kaleng-bekas kemudian dipress agar volumenya mengecil untuk memudahkan dalam pengepakan dan pengangkutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun mesin pres kaleng bekas minuman dengan model eksentrik yang dapat digunakan untuk pengepress kaleng-kaleng bekas untuk selanjutnya dibawa ke tempat proses daur ulang. Metode yang digunakan pada pebelitian ini adalah metode experimental yang diawali dengan pembuatan gambar, penyiapan material, pembuatan mesin, perakitan dan pengetesan. Hasil dari rancang bangun didapatkan sebuah mesin press dengan dimensi panjang 100 cm, lebar 70 cm, dan tinggi 116 Cm. Mesin yang dibuat dapat bekerja dengan baik dengan kapasitas 70 kaleng/menit.
Prediction of the Number of New Cases of Covid-19 in Indonesia Using Fuzzy Time Series Model Chen
Authors: Miraswan Kanda Januar , Puspita Wiwik Anum , Utami Alvi Syahrini 
Published: August 2023

Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (Covid-19) is a disease caused by a virus that originated in Wuhan, China. This virus infects people rapidly to the country of Indonesia. According to the latest Covid-19 Development Team in Indonesia, as of 09/08/2021, there were around 3,686,740 people who were confirmed positive for Covid-19. With the numbers continuing to grow, predictions of new cases of Covid-19 in Indonesia were made using the time series method. The method used by the researcher is Chen's Fuzzy Time Series. The purpose of the researcher is to forecast, to find out the prediction of the number of new cases of Covid-19 in Indonesia using the FTS Chen method into software. In addition, in order to provide information to predict, so that the government knows and can make decisions. To measure the performance of the method, the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is used as a measure of the level of accuracy of the forecasting performed. The test data used were 363 data with several variations of parameters & . From the results of the analysis that was tested by the researcher, with 50 trials of parameter input, better accuracy results were obtained at input = 135135 and = 2000 with MAPE is 35.55006797 (35%).
Cat Breeds Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network For Multi-Object Image
Authors: Qatrunnada Naura , Fachrurrozi Muhammad , Utami Alvi Syahrini 
Published: August 2023

Cat is one of the most popular pets. There are many cat breeds with unique characteristic and treatment for each breed. A cat owner can have more than one cat, either the same breed or different breeds. But not all cat owners know the breeds of their cats. Computers can be trained to recognized cat breeds, but there are many challenges for computers because it limited by how much they have been trained and programmed. In recent years, a lot of research about image classification has been done before and got various result, but most of the data used in previous research were single object images. Therefore, this study of cat breeds classification would be conducted with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in the Multi-Object images. This method was chosen because it had good classification results in the previous studies. This study used 5 breeds of cats with every breed having 200-3200 images for training. The test results were measured using confusion matrix, obtaining the precision, recall, f1 score and accuracy of 100% on multi-object images with 2 objects and 3 objects. On images with 4 objects achieved the precision, recall, f1 score and accuracy value of 89%, 87%, 87% and 95%. While the value of precision, recall, f1 score and accuracy on images with 5 objects get 87%, 86%, 86% and 94%, respectively.
Automatic Clustering and Fuzzy Logical Relationship to Predict the Volume of Indonesia Natural Rubber Export
Authors: Aprilini Widya , Rini Dian Palupi , Satria Hadipurnawan 
Published: August 2023

Natural rubber is one of the pillars of Indonesia's export commodities. However, over the last few years, the export value of natural rubber has decreased due to an oversupply of this commodity in the global market. To overcome this problem, it is possible to predict the volume of Indonesia natural rubber exports. Predicted values can also help the government to compile market intelligence for natural rubber commodities periodically. In this study, the prediction of the export volume of natural rubber was carried out using the Automatic Clustering as an interval maker in the Fuzzy Time Series or usually called Automatic Clustering and Fuzzy Logical Relationship (ACFLR). The data used is 51 data per year from 1970 to 2020. The purpose of this study is to predict the volume of Indonesia natural rubber exports and compare the prediction results between the Automatic Clustering and Fuzzy Logical Relationship (ACFLR) and Chen's Fuzzy Time Series. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two methods, ACFLR got 0.5316% MAPE with and Chen's Fuzzy Time Series model got 8.009%. Show that the ACFLR method performs better than the pure Fuzzy Time Series in predicting volume of Indonesia natural rubber exports.
Religious Peacebuilding and its Contemporary Requirements in the Light of Seerat un Nabi (PBUH)
Authors: Dr Syed Muhammad Tahir Shah  
Published: August 2023

Islam is the religion of peace, security, and harmony. It not only focuses to maintain and establish peace and harmony in its teachings but also uses religion for religious peacebuilding among the humanity. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) attached peace to religion and declared the peace and security of others as an integral part of faith and included peace in the foundations of religion.
He (PBUH) provided noble examples and teachings for religious peacebuilding within the faith for Muslims and at the interfaith level so that both internal and external peace can be maintained and established. Within the Islamic faith, He (PBUH) preached to Muslims to live with peace and unity and to avoid quarreling, being divided into sects, and becoming enemies with one another. At the same time, for interfaith religious peacebuilding, He (PBUH) taught and provided many examples to promote religious tolerance and interreligious pleasant relations and harmony.
Its contemporary requirements are to follow these teachings and examples of Seerah with true letter and spirit and apply them in the society in this era so that the world can get peace and protection and avail a pleasant and peaceful atmosphere for an excellent living. This article focuses on these aspects of Seerat ul Nabi (SAW) regarding religious peacebuilding.
Development and Verification of the Method for b-Spectrum Decomposition of Radionuclides’ Mixtures Based on Piecewise-Combined Functions with Polynomial or Piecewise-Linear Approximation of their Parameters
Authors: Vostrotin Vadim , Vvedensky Vladimir 
Published: August 2023

Development and verification of own method of b-spectrum processing of ultra-low background radiometer-spectrometer Quantulus-1220 with minimal or no sample preparation, with H-3, K-40 and Sr-90+Y-90 presence in liquid sample at various ratio by activity considering quenching. Development of software Aspect-SUBI which implements the method.
Materials and Methods. The method is based on deconvolution of the measured b-spectrum in the form of a superposition of model spectra of several radionuclides. b-spectra, obtained from standard radioactive solutions H-3, K-40 and Sr-90+Y-90 mixed with liquid scintillator Optiphase Hisafe 3 in volume ratio 8 ml : 12 ml were used. Methyl orange was used as a quencher. A sum of piecewisecombined functions was used for radionuclide libraries building. The lest squares method was used to determine radionuclide activities in the sample. Computer software Microsoft Excel, Sigma Plot 2000 and R version 4.0.2 was used for statistical processing of findings, their visualization as well as verification of the developed method.
Results. Libraries of model b-spectra were built as a sum of piecewise-combined functions with polynomial approximation (library «P») or approximation by piecewise linear functions of their parameters (library «L») depending on quench parameter SQP(E). Verification of interpretation method on paired samples proved its capacity for simultaneous measurement of activity: 1) H-3 (library «P», with relative error ±9%) and K-40 (library «L», with relative error ±20%); 2) H-3 (library «P», with relative error ±11%) and Sr-90+Y-90 (library «L», with relative error ±21%) with limitations due to the levels of activities ratio and strong quenching. At simultaneous measurement of activity K-40 (library «L») and Sr-90+Y-90 (library «L») only correct measurement of activity Sr-90+Y-90 is possible with the error level ±10% taken quench parameter SQP(E) is in the range from 600 to 706.
Conclusion. The developed method can be used for simultaneous measurement of volume activity of H-3 and K-40 in urine samples of Ozyorsk population and Mayak PA workers, as well as volume activity of H-3 and Sr-90+Y-90 in samples from Lake Kyzyltash located in the Mayak PA affected area. The developed software Aspect-SUBI can be used not only with Quantulus-1220 but also with any other liquid scintillation spectrometer with logarithmic type of intensification and automatic quench detection.
La dîme dans l’Islande médiévale. Sagas, lois et hiérarchies communautaires
Authors: Cattaneo Grégory 
Published: August 2023

Située en périphérie du monde catholique, l’Islande médiévale n’est pas si éloignée de l’Occident par son processus de collecte de la dîme, de sa redistribution et du rôle fondamental joué par les communautés d’habitants. La lecture attentive des sources normatives et narratives atteste du changement sociétal que connut l’Islande vers 1100 avec l’acclimatation de cette institution étrangère. Dans le maillage ecclésial imposé par les politiques épiscopales, les communautés deviennent des territoires soumis à la dîmée. De nouveaux centres de pouvoir apparaissent dans ce paysage, les fermes-églises, lieux de collection du prélèvement décimal ; tout comme de nouvelles élites locales comme les décimateurs qui se confondent parfois avec les anciennes élites du monde paysan. Étudier la dîme en Islande revient à se poser la question des hiérarchies communautaires, puisque les sources identifient au sein du groupe des bændr, des indigents et des élites, évoluant dans le cadre territorial offert par la communauté et autour du nouveau centre de pouvoir que représente la ferme-église.
Sonographic Pattern of Ocular Pathologies at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Danjaji Abdussalam Usman , Habib Saudat Garba , Mijinyawa Usman Abubakar , Bala Aisha Saidu 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, inexpensive and safe imaging modality for diagnosing ocular pathologies, which aids in diagnostic accuracy and patient care.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to determine the pattern of ocular pathologies using ultrasonography at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital.

Settings and Design:
This is a retrospective and descriptive study on sonographic pattern of various ocular pathologies.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 290 patients with various ocular pathologies were retrospectively reviewed within the study period from January 2017 to July 2018, in whom fundal examination was not possible due to media opacities and/or intraocular haemorrhage.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data generated were analysed using SPSS version 21.0 program (SPSS Inc., Illinois, USA).

Results:
Cataracts were the most common ocular pathology detected sonographically, accounting for (45.5%) followed by vitreous haemorrhage (14.8%) and then retinal detachment (7.9%). Cataract has the highest frequency in all age groups with the highest frequency (34.1%) in 61–75 years of age group, while retinal (39.1%) and vitreous detachments (66.7%) have the highest frequency in the 16–30 and 61–75 years of age groups, respectively. The retinal detachment (52.2%) was more frequent in females, while cataract (54.5%) and vitreous haemorrhage (74.4%) were more frequent in males. Retinoblastoma (60%) and endophthalmitis (100%) were seen more on the right side, but the retinal detachment, cataract and vitreous haemorrhage were seen more on the left side.

Conclusion:
Ultrasonography is an important tool in the diagnosis of various ocular pathologies.
Knowledge and practice regarding prevention of osteoporosis among Iraqi women
Authors: Yahyaa Badea'a , Al-Samarrai Mustafa 
Published: August 2023

Background: Osteoporosis is known to cause long-acting disability. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, and preventive practice among women attending the primary health centers (PHC) in Al Ramadi City, west of Iraq.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2022. A simple random sampling technique was recruited to collect samples using face-to-face interviews of women during the routine visit to PHCs. Univariate and bivariate were used to analyze the data. The statistical package for the social sciences was used for data analysis.
Results: Two hundred and fifty women were interviewed with a mean age of 37.9 ±11.3 years. The majority of them were married (87.0%), and unemployed or housewives (66.0%). Although, most of the participants heard about osteoporosis (238, 95.2%), and the possibility to cause pain before the occurrence of fracture (67.6%), the average knowledge score on osteoporosis was 55.75 ± 18.87. Furthermore, the surveyed women reported that practices of sunlight exposure (p=0.000), calcium-rich foods (p=0.003), and Vitamin D supplementation (p=0.022) are significantly related to reducing the risk of Osteoporosis. Healthcare providers played a significant role to support women with osteoporosis-related knowledge.
Conclusion: Although most women heard about the disease, their level of knowledge was modest, which might affect the measures necessary to prevent the disease.