bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No Prognostic Impact of Staging Bone Scan in Patients with Stage IA Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zheng Xia , Li Chunxia , Ai Jing , Dong Guili , Long Man , Li Mingyi , Qiu Shilin , Huang Yanni , Yang Guangjun , Zhang Tao , Li Zhenhui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose To investigate the survival benefit of preoperative bone scan in asymptomatic patients with early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients with radical resection for stage T1N0M0 NSCLC between March 2013 and December 2018. During postoperative follow-up, we monitored patient survival and the development of bone metastasis. We compared overall survival, bone metastasis-free survival, and recurrence-free survival in patients with or without preoperative bone scan. Propensity score matching and inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to minimize election bias. Results A total of 868 patients (58.19 ± 9.69 years; 415 men) were included in the study. Of 7% (761 of 868) underwent preoperative bone scan. In the multivariable analyses, bone scan did not improve overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.49; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.91–2.42;p = 0.113), bone metastasis-free survival (HR, 1.18; 95% CI: 0.73–1.90;p = 0.551), and recurrence-free survival (HR, 0.89; 95% CI: 0.58–1.39;p = 0.618). Similar results were obtained after propensity score matching (overall survival [HR, 1.28; 95% CI: 0.74–2.23;p = 0.379], bone metastasis-free survival [HR, 1.00; 95% CI: 0.58–1.72;p = 0.997], and recurrence-free survival [HR, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.46–1.24;p = 0.270]) and inverse probability of treatment weighting. Conclusion There were no significant differences in overall survival, bone metastasis-free survival, and recurrence-free survival between asymptomatic patients with clinical stage IA NSCLC with or without preoperative bone scan.
Individual variations in motives for nicotine self-administration in rats: evidence in support for a precision psychopharmacology
Authors: Deroche-Gamonet Veronique , Garcia-Rivas Vernon , Fiancette Jean-François , Tostain Jessica , de Maio Giulia , Ceau Matias , Wiart Jean-François , Gaulier Jean-Michel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The significant heterogeneity in smoking behavior among smokers, coupled with the inconsistent efficacy of approved smoking cessation therapies, supports the presence of individual variations in the mechanisms underlying smoking. This emphasizes the need to shift from standardized to personalized smoking cessation therapies. However, informed precision medicine demands precision fundamental research. Tobacco smoking is influenced and sustained by diverse psychopharmacological interactions between nicotine and environmental stimuli. In the classical experimental model for studying tobacco dependence, namely intravenous self-administration of nicotine, seeking behavior is reinforced by the combined delivery of nicotine and a discrete cue (nicotine + cue). Now whether self-administration behavior is driven by the same psychopharmacological mechanisms across individual rats remains unknown and unexplored. To address this, we employed behavioral pharmacology and unbiased cluster analysis to investigate individual differences in the mechanisms supporting classical intravenous nicotine self-administration (0.04 mg/kg/infusion) in male outbred Sprague-Dawley rats. Our analysis identified two clusters: one subset of rats sought nicotine primarily for its reinforcing effects, while the second subset sought nicotine to enhance the reinforcing effects of the discrete cue. Varenicline (1 mg/kg i.p.) reduced seeking behavior in the former group, whereas it tended to increase it in the latter group. Crucially, despite this fundamental qualitative difference revealed by behavioral manipulation, the two clusters exhibited quantitatively identical nicotine + cue self-administration behavior. The traditional application of rodent models to study the reinforcing and addictive effects of nicotine may mask individual variability in the underlying motivational mechanisms. Accounting for this variability could significantly enhance the predictive validity of translational research.
Analgesia-Nociception Index Accurately Predicts Inadequate Pectoralis Muscle Fascia Block (PECS) in Patients Undergoing Breast Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Teng Wei-Nung , Lin Yen-Shu , Sung Chun-Sung , Tseng Ling-Ming , Chang Wen-Kuei , Ting Chien-Kun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative opioid administration has been largely replaced by regional anesthesia techniques. We aimed to determine whether the intraoperative Analgesia-Nociception Index (ANI) can aid in early evaluation of the effectiveness of regional blocks such as the pectoralis muscle fascia block (PECS) and predicting the need for analgesics postoperatively.
Methods
This observational study enrolled 30 women (age: 20–80 years) undergoing unilateral, non-intubated, breast tumor excision alone or in conjunction with sentinel lymph node biopsy. PECS block was performed following sedation. ANI readings were obtained at 1-minute intervals, and polar coordinates were assigned to the distance from the nipple (0.5-cm intervals) and o’clock position (15-min intervals) for each reading. Pain scores were assessed using a numeric rating scale from 0–10, and analgesics were administered depending on the pain score (0–3: nil, ≥ 4: tramadol, 100 mg; ≥4 after 30 minutes: morphine, 3 mg).
Results
8 (27%), 19 (63%), and 3 (10%) patients received morphine, tramadol, and no analgesics, respectively. In total, 954 ANI measurements were obtained. At the proposed cut-off of 50, the sensitivity and specificity of the ANI nadir for need of post-operative opioids were 0.875 and 0.932, respectively. Block effectiveness was most satisfactory in the upper lateral quadrant of the breast with nipple–areolar complex (NAC) sparing effect. Most average ANI measurements for the NAC were < 50. No patient experienced postoperative nausea/vomiting, although one reported dizziness.
Conclusions
The intraoperative ANI nadir < 50 was strongly correlated with the need for postoperative opioids. The ANI may aid in objectively evaluating the effectiveness of pectoralis muscle fascial blocks and predicting postoperative need for analgesics.
Serum Biomarkers Discovered by SomaScan in Patients with Severe Low Back Pain
Authors: Zhang Yejia , Tate Quinn , Markova Dessislava , Shofer Frances S. Shofer , Chen Ken , Kepler Christopher , Canseco Jose , Dillingham Timothy Dillingham 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Low back pain is a common clinical problem. Although imaging studies are widely used to evaluate back pain, the link between low back pain and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration on images is unclear in many cases 1. Biomarkers for discogenic pain have been examined with candidate marker approaches in the past 2. In this study, we used a proteomic approach to examine 1512 serum proteins. Biomarkers identified include molecules known to correlate with back pain, as well as novel molecules. Biomarker signatures discovered clearly distinguish patients with low back pain from normal controls. Further, a comparison of back pain patients < 40 years of age and similarly aged healthy controls showed that inflammation-related pathways were upregulated in the patients, with leukocyte proliferation pathway the most enriched, and STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) showing the largest number of protein-protein interactions. Among the downregulated biomarkers comparing these two cohorts, SMAD protein phosphorylation pathway was the most enriched, and IL6 (interleukin 6) the most connected. Markers in older back pain patients ≥ 40 years of age differed from younger patients in immune-related pathways, while CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36) has the most interactions with other proteins. Overrepresented pathways and proteins with the largest network connections may be effective treatment targets. Future work includes studying these differences in a larger case-controlled population, expanding the number of proteins considered, and completing a confirmative, quantitative assay for key markers. Following up with patients for their function and pain level would further confirm the diagnostic and prognostic values of the biomarkers identified.
Effects of TMEM232 variant on blood lymphocyte counts in relation to incidence of infant atopic dermatitis
Authors: Choi Eun-A , Han Hee-Soo , Nah Guemkyung , Lee So-Yeon , Kim Young-Youl , Hong Soo-Jong , Lee Hye-Ja 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is caused by interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Transmembrane protein 232 (TMEM232) is one of the genes strongly implicated in AD. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between AD with variants within TMEM232 based on environmental factors, including feeding method. We performed a candidate gene association study involving the Cohort for Childhood Origins of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (infants, n = 1,054). A single variant of the TMEM232 gene, rs17132261, was found to be significantly associated with AD. Subjects carrying the wild-type allele (C) of rs17132261 had lower blood lymphocyte count than those carrying the variant rs17132261 (T). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between TMEM232 gene polymorphism and an increased risk of AD in one year old infants. Moreover, rs17132261 was associated with decreased blood lymphocyte counts in infants breastfed for six months. The group with the CC genotype showed lower lymphocyte counts than CT and TT carriers when breastfed. Our findings demonstrate that the TMEM232 risk allele, in combination with breastfeeding, lowers the number of lymphocytes, which could be a potential risk factor for AD.
Triggering Triplet Excitons of Carbon Nanodots for Multicolor Phosphorescence in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Liu Kai-Kai , Liang Ya-Chuan , Cao Qing , Deng Yuan , Wang Yong , Song Shi-Yu , Zhao Wen-Bo , Dong Lin , Shan Chong-Xin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Easy non-radiative decay property of long-lived triplet excitons in aqueous solution obstruct their applications in aquatic surroundings. Recently reported phosphorescence phenomena in aqueous solution have excited researchers enormously but achieving full-color water-soluble phosphorescent carbon nanodots (CNDs) is still a challenging issue. Herein, full-color phosphorescence of water-soluble CNDs has been demonstrated by triggering their triplet excitons within a nanospace, and Förster energy resonance transfer is used for further tuning phosphorescence range. The phosphorescence spans across most of the visible spectrum, ranging from 400 nm to 700 nm. In an aqueous solution, the CNDs exhibits blue, green, and red phosphorescence, lasting for approximately 6, 10, and 7 seconds, respectively. Correspondingly, the phosphorescence quantum yields are 11.85%, 8.6% and 3.56%, making them readily discernible to the naked eyes and laying a solid foundation for practical application. Furthermore, phosphorescence flexible optical display and bioimaging have been demonstrated by using the multicolor CNDs-based nanomaterials, showing distinct superiority for accuracy and complete display and imaging in complex emission background.
Why climate models underestimate the exacerbated warming in Western Europe
Authors: Schumacher Dominik , Singh Jitendra , Hauser Mathias , Fischer Erich , Seneviratne Sonia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Much of Western Europe has experienced mean summer temperature increases about three times higher than the globe since 1980. Particularly the regional (RCMs), but also global climate models (GCMs) underestimate this strong observed warming of ≈2.3 °C, which is largely thermodynamic but also fuelled by dynamics. RCM- and GCM-simulated atmospheric circulation effects on temperature trends are generally weaker, partly explaining the warming underestimation yet not indicating a model deficiency. Most RCM simulations from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), however, omit time-evolving aerosols, and hence fail to capture increasing net radiation due to aerosol reductions. This introduces a bias to the CORDEX RCM multimodel ensemble that is partly masked by overestimated background warming in the driving GCMs. Accounting for the latter, the thermodynamic warming — 1.6 °C for 1980–2022 — is underestimated by nearly 40% (0.6 °C) in simulations with constant aerosols. This mismatch is even stronger for heatwaves than summer means, and manifests increasingly clearly in climate projections throughout the ongoing century. Our results imply that the future warming in Europe is likely to be higher than earlier assumed, as only part of the discrepancy between most RCM simulations and observations can be attributed to internal climate variability.
A Novel Psychiatric Phenotype of Chromosome 4q Deletion: A case report
Authors: Vaithilingam Sarah L , Garrison Sheldon , Krantz Julia , Mahajan Aman , Diener John 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Chromosome 4q deletion is a rare genetic disorder affecting an estimated 1 out of 100,000 people, although there are relatively few reports in the literature. It is characterized by microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 4 with variable clinical presentations including heart defects, craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities, short stature, and developmental delays. While behavioral and psychiatric symptoms have been reported in a small number of Chromosome 4q deletion patients, none of these reports have described the hyperphagia or parasomnia symptoms that are presented in the current case.Case presentation A 7-year-old male patient presented with a microdeletion of the long arm of chromosome 4 that resulted in psychiatric symptoms and neurodevelopmental delays. Notable manifestations included aggression, hyperphagia, parasomnias, functional encopresis and speech delays. At inpatient admission, a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment was adopted, encompassing pharmacological and behavioral interventions. His initial treatment was markedly delayed due to limited genetic testing at age one, which led to a misdiagnosis of childhood aggression. This limited the care team involvement for neurologic evaluation and appropriate school interventions that would have otherwise been indicated.Conclusion Chromosome 4q deletion -related behaviors parallel that of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and treatment is primarily focused on behavioral interventions. In the current case, the patient’s attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was treated, and his individualized education plan (IEP) recommendations included a functional behavioral assessment, the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, occupational therapy services and speech and language services. Following a 4-day inpatient stay, the patient demonstrated a significant decrease in aggressive behaviors.
Fully-Biodegradable and Self-Deployable Electronic Tent for Brain Cortex
Authors: Kang Seung-Kyun , Bae Jae-Young , Hwang Gyeong-Seok , Kim Young-Seo , Jeon Jooik , Chae Min-Seong , Kim Joon-Woo , Kim Seongchan , Choi Sung-Geun , Lee Ju-Yong , Lee Jae-Hwan , Kim Kyung-Sub , Lee Woo-Jin , Lee Sian , Lee Hyojin , Kim Yu-Chan , Lee Kang-Sik , Kim Jeonghyun , Hyun Jung Keun , Kim Ju-Young 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The large-area and high-density electronic interfaces for the cortex stands as a crucial enabler for brain-computer interfaces, facilitating synchronization between cognitive functions and motor activities, as well as aiding in the diagnosis neuropathic brain disorders in the realm of cognitive neuroscience and clinical neurology. Nevertheless, the current implantation procedures pose significant challenges that, subject patients to invasiveness throughout the entire interventional procedure. Here, we introduce a fully-biodegradable and self-deployable platform with multimodal inorganic electronics, which can be programmably-packaged and self-deployed using syringe for minimally invasive delivery through a small hole. After use, it naturally decomposes within the body, minimizing invasiveness from initial insertion surgery to subsequent removal. In vivo demonstration shows the potential of minimally invasive cortical-interfacing platform for manipulating large areas of cortical activities.
Understanding rigor mortis impacts on fish gamete viability
Authors: Dantas Renata Villar , Marques Lis Santos , Freitas Thaiza Rodrigues , Teixeira Nathalia Santos , Rodrigues Rômulo Batista , Benato Jhony Lisboa , Santos Raquel Santos dos , Streit Danilo Pedro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the viability of reproductive gametes in zebrafish (Danio rerio), at different rigor mortis stages. Viability assessments were conducted on oocytes at various developmental stages using LIVE/DEAD and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. For sperm evaluation, both kinetic (CASA) and morphological assessments (Rose Bengal staining) were performed. Results demonstrated that rigor mortis progression significantly impacted oocyte viability during post-rigor stages, with the following viability rates: pre-rigor (70.43 ± 12.31%), fresh/control (46.43 ± 12.54%), post-rigor (27.62 ± 22.29%), and rigor mortis (comparable to fresh/control). Conversely, sperm kinetics exhibited nuanced responses to the rigor mortis stages, with specific parameters showing sensitivity, whereas the others remained relatively stable. Sperm motility was higher in the fresh/control (63.23 ± 19.03%) and pre-rigor (58.96 ± 14.38%) compared to the post-rigor group (3.34 ± 4.65%). This study highlights the significance of the pre-rigor for successful gamete collection and preservation. These findings provide valuable insights for conservation efforts and optimization of genetic resource management for endangered fish species. This study aimed to develop effective assistive reproductive techniques by elucidating the interplay between rigor mortis and gamete quality, contributing to the broader goals of species conservation and maintenance of genetic diversity in fish populations.
Molecular detection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Microsporidia in human and animal stool samples
Authors: Gómez-Romano María Teresa , Rodriguez-Iglesias Manuel Antonio , Sánchez Fátima Galán 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi, are opportunistic microorganisms having remarkable zoonotic transmission potential due to their capacity to infect humans and animals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of these microorganisms in stool samples from animal and human origin.
Methods Three hundred and sixty nine stool samples (205 from human patients with diarrhea and 164 of animal origin) were included in the study. Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi presence was determined by multiplex nested PCR. Positive results were analyzed by Sanger sequencing of the amplicon, using BLASTN and ClustalX software, to confirm identification.
Results Cryptosporidium spp. was found in 0.97% and 4.26% of human and animal samples, respectively (1 cat; 3 dogs, 1 goat and 1 Russian hamster). E. bieneusi was detected on human and animal stools (4 dogs and 1 pig), in the 6.82 % and 3.05% of the samples respectively.
Conclusion This study evidences the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi in human and animal samples from different species, and has as most interesting findings the detection of Cryptosporidium spp in pets that are not usually included in this type of studies, such as rodents and the identification of E. bieneusi in patients with diarrhea of different age groups and without underlying disease.
Viral contamination in shellfish growing areas during normal harvesting periods and following wastewater overflows in an urban estuary with complex hydrography
Authors: Carlos Campos , Hewitt Joanne , Gyawali Pradip 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Knowledge of the dispersive characteristics and time of travel of microbiological contamination is a key consideration in determining impacts on shellfish growing areas following wastewater overflows. In this study, norovirus genogroup I and II, indicators of viral contamination (F-RNA bacteriophage genogroup II (F-RNA GII), crAssphage, pepper mild mottle virus) and Escherichia coli were monitored during periods of normal harvesting and following overflows in two commercial shellfish growing areas in Otago Harbour (Aotearoa New Zealand). Hydrographic studies (dye tracing, drogue tracking and analysis of particle tracking modelling) were undertaken to assess the dispersion, dilution and time of travel of wastewater discharged from a pump station discharge that impacts the growing areas. Norovirus was not detected in any of the 218 shellfish samples tested. PMMoV and crAssphage were more prevalent than F-RNA GII as determined by RT-qPCR. The dye study indicated long residence time of the waters (≥ 5 days) in the embayment impacted by the discharge. No relationships were found between the concentrations of viral indicators or E. coli and wastewater dilution, distance between the discharge and the growing areas or time since the last overflow. For the three spills studied (≤ 327 m3), there was little evidence of microbiological impact on the growing areas. This was likely associated with a deep shipping channel that enhances water flushing in the harbour and reduces contaminant transport to the growing areas. We recommend flexibility in the approach for closure/reopening growing areas impacted by spills, particularly for small duration/volume spills and when norovirus is not present in the community.
Association between gut microbiota and diabetic nephropathy: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lin Rui , Chen Rongping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In recent years, with the improvement in living standards, the incidence of diabetes has been increasing year by year. Diabetic nephropathy(DN), as one of the most common complications of diabetes, also has an increasing incidence. Some existing clinical studies and reviews have revealed a connection between diabetic nephropathy and gut microbiota(GM), but whether there is a causal relationship between the two is still unclear. Exploring the causal relationship between diabetic nephropathy and gut microbiota can help with disease screening and provide new biomarkers. This study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis, using 4,111 DN patients from the GWAS database and 308,539 control group members, to attempt to find gut microbiota categories among the 211 types that have a causal relationship with diabetic nephropathy. Further heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis were conducted to eliminate the influence of confounding factors on the experimental results. Ultimately, 15 types of gut microbiota were found to have a causal relationship with diabetic nephropathy, providing hints and new treatment directions for clinical research.