bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does orthodontic treatment need have an impact on oral health-related quality of life?
Authors: Bekes Katrin , Kuhr Kathrin , Ohm Cristiana , Frenzel Baudisch Nicolas , Jordan Andreas Rainer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) impairment in a national representative sample of 8 to 9 year olds in Germany and to evaluate the impact of orthodontic treatment need.

Methods
Data were collected in the Sixth German Oral Health Study (Sechste Deutsche Mundgesundheitsstudie, DMS 6) and subjects were sampled using a multistage sampling technique. OHRQoL was measured with a modified version of the 5‑item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5) which was administered in a computer-assisted personal interview. Children were also examined for malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need.

Results
In all, 1892 children aged 8–9 years were invited to take part. Finally, data of 705 children (48.6% female) could be included in the analysis. The OHIP‑5 mean was 1.3 (±2.0). There was no relevant influence from age and gender on the OHIP‑5 summary scores (r < 0.10), but the summary scores differed when analyzed separately regarding orthodontic treatment need or no orthodontic treatment need (1.5 ± 2.0 vs. 1.2 ± 1.9, p = 0.020). Nevertheless, the level appears to be low.

Conclusions
Malocclusions with orthodontic treatment need have an influence on OHRQoL.
Soil water extract and bacteriome determine N2O emission potential in soils
Authors: Highton Matthew P. , Bakken Lars R. , Dörsch Peter , Tobias-Hunefeldt Sven , Molstad Lars , Morales Sergio E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Soil chemical properties and microbiome composition impact N2O emission potential, but the relative importance of these factors as determinants of N2O emission in denitrifying systems is rarely tested. In addition, previous linkages between microbiome composition and N2O emission potential rarely demonstrate causality. Here, we determined the relative impact of bacteriome composition (i.e., soil extracted bacterial cells) and soil water extract (i.e., water extractable chemicals and particles below 0.22 µm) on N2O emission potential utilizing an anoxic cell-based assay system. Cells and water extract for assays were sourced from soils with contrasting N2O/N2O + N2 ratios, combined in various combinations and denitrification gas production was measured in response to nitrate addition. Analysis of 16S amplicon sequencing data revealed similarity in composition between extracted and parent soil bacteriomes. Average directionless effects of cell and water extract on N2O/N2O + N2 (Cell: ∆0.17, soil water extract: ∆0.22) and total N2O hypothetically emitted (Cell: ∆2.62 µmol-N, soil water extract: ∆4.14 µmol-N) across two assays indicated water extract is the most important determinant of N2O emissions. Independent pH differences of just 0.6 points impacted N2O/N2O + N2 on par with independent water extract differences, supporting the dominance of this variable in previous studies. However, impacts on overall N2O hypothetically emitted were smaller, suggesting that soil pH manipulation may not necessarily be a successful approach to mitigate emissions. In addition, we observed increased N2O accumulation and emission potential at the end of incubations concomitant with predicted decreases in carbon (C) availability, suggesting that C limitation increases N2O emission transiently with the magnitude of emission dependent on both chemical and bacteriome controls.
Genetische Befunde in der Versorgungspsychiatrie
Authors: Frenzel Florian , Aigner Martin 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungIn der Psychiatrie kommt es aufgrund der fortschreitenden medizinischen Diagnostik zunehmend zur Vorstellung von Patienten mit genetischen Befunden, als Beispiele seien hier genannt und kurz beschrieben: die TLK2-Mutation (Tousled-Like-Kinase-2), der Morbus Canavan, die familiäre Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit (CJK), das Prader-Willi-Syndrom (Mikrodeletionssyndrom am Chromosom 15) und das Pätau-Syndrom (Trisomie 13). Psychiatrische Therapien, wie das Lithium, erscheinen dadurch in neuem Licht.
A web-based distributed system for integrating mobile music in choral performance
Authors: Turchet Luca , De Cet Martina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an Internet of Musical Things system designed to enhance the singing practices of conventional vocal ensembles with electronic sounds generated by smartphones. The system comprises a small loudspeaker connected to a smartphone running a web-based app that generates sounds locally to the chorister, who uses it while singing. An evaluation of the user experience was conducted through three experiments involving a small choir of 9 choristers and a conductor. In the first experiment, the system was utilized in a co-located setting, where choristers shared the same physical space. In the second experiment, the system was employed in a remote setting, where geographically displaced choristers were connected through a networked music performance system. In the third experiment, a hybrid condition was implemented where part of the choir was co-located and part was remotely connected. Overall, results show that the application can be successfully utilized to augment the practice and experience of choir singing, leading to novel forms of musical expression. We provide a critical reflection where we discuss the lessons learned, strengths, limitations, and possible future developments.
Exteriority as Law: Revisiting the Masochean turn within Levinas
Authors: Carias Reuben 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdopting Kantor’s Masochean turn within Levinas, this article challenges the anthropocentrically limited purview of Levinas’s ethical relation. Incorporating Kantor’s legalistic reading of Levinas, informed through his literary analysis of Sacher-Masoch’s ‘Venus in Furs’, the article details the inescapable, legalistic plight that is to be the Levinasian ethical subject. Extending upon Kantor’s introductory conceptualisation of the Levinasian subject through Masoch, reveals a subject for whom suffering and sacrifice must be embraced; necessary acts of penitence before an irrepressible Other who they adore. The Other is presented through Masoch’s text as an insatiable, inescapable deity of Law who cannot be refused and demands subservience. A god manifest in Exteriority whose influence upon the subject extends beyond the frame of the interhuman relation and is a necessary component of the subject’s existence and, more broadly, their world. The Levinasian subject’s relation with alterity poetically portraying all the potency, affirmation and urgency of dear Severin’s with his Venus, a relation which destroys, haunts and affirms the subject completely as only Law can.
MoPeD meets MITO: a hybrid modeling framework for pedestrian travel demand
Authors: Zhang Qin , Moeckel Rolf , Clifton Kelly J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Transport demand models were initially designed for simulating car trips. Nowadays researchers and planners are considering pedestrian travel and its health and safety impacts in the regional transport models. However, the existing transport models lack the knowledge and experience in pedestrian modeling for health assessment. This paper contributes to the modeling practice by developing an integrated model called the MITO/MoPeD. The model builds upon previous model development and integrates the fine-grained pedestrian modeling tool into the agent-based transport model. The MITO/MoPeD model is applied to the Munich metropolitan area. Model performances are analyzed based on travel measures (e.g., walk share, trip length distribution, and pedestrian flow) and physical activity volumes. Results show that the MITO/MoPeD model can better represent pedestrian travel behavior than the existing Munich Model. It performed better in simulating the spatial distribution of walk shares and the distribution of walk trip lengths. Moreover, it overcomes the issue of overestimating physical activity volumes. These findings suggest that the MITO/MoPeD model can deliver more precise travel outcomes. More importantly, it is valuable for addressing pedestrian planning issues such as transportation infrastructure investments, land use planning, assessment of safety and health outcomes, and evaluation of environmental impacts.
Colonialism versus independence—the role of entrepreneurial ecosystems in Azerbaijan over time
Authors: Ibrahimova Ganira , Moog Petra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Entrepreneurial activity, its emergence, and development are considered important for the well-being of nations, especially for those in transition from one economic system or industrial setting into another. A crucial question is, why countries with similar basic resources develop differently regarding entrepreneurial activities over time? This study delivers new insights on ecosystems developing during different historical eras, and why some ecosystem factors have an impact not only during one point in time but also in the long term. The paper focuses on Azerbaijan, a country with a turbulent history, and volatile formal institutions, endowed with natural resources, and now heavily dependent on the export of oil and gas. To transform the economy and overcome this resource dependency, entrepreneurial activities could provide one solution; however, the contribution of entrepreneurship to the economic development and growth remains low. This paper provides an analysis of why the promise of entrepreneurship remains quite elusive in Azerbaijan. The study contributes to the literature on entrepreneurship by drawing on archival data to gain insights on how the historical role of entrepreneurship and the underlying ecosystem have imprinted their long-term development of current entrepreneurial activities. It proposes a framework for a systematic and long-term analysis of the factors and mechanisms comprising the ecosystem approach and shaping entrepreneurial outcomes across a broad spectrum of historical and contemporary contexts.
Impact of protein supply on the productive performance of growing lambs drinking natural saline water and fed low-quality forage under semi-arid conditions
Authors: Gabr Amr A. , Farag Mona E. , Shahin Gamal F. , El-Kotamy Essam M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConsuming saline water causes animals salinity stress, which leads to many adapting metabolic changes that could negatively affect its performance and the quality of the derived products. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of increasing diet protein level on the productive performance of growing lambs drinking natural saline water in Egyptian semi-arid region. Twenty-four growing Barki lambs (4–5 months old) with an initial body weight of 20.7 ± 0.25 kg were randomly distributed into four similar groups for 150 days. Two diets were formulated: low protein and high protein levels (concentrate feed mixture containing 14% and 20% crude protein (CP) on dry matter basis, respectively). Within each level of CP, natural saline water was represented by low saline (LS) and high saline (HS) water, containing 658 and 2100 mg/L of total dissolved solids, respectively. Results showed that the HS water increased (p = 0.02) water intake by about 18% and had adverse effect (p < 0.001) on dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance. The ruminal pH values, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia–N concentrations were not affected by drinking the HS water. However, the protein supplementation enhanced the HS lambs’ nutrients digestion and showed greater growth performance. The HS water decreased (p < 0.001) the serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and increased (p = 0.03) the urea-N by about 9%. The protein supplementation amended the serum ALT and AST concentrations of HS lambs. It is concluded that the dietary protein supply was affective sustainable management strategy against the deleterious effect of drinking high saline water on growing lambs.
Duurzame inzetbaarheid van de urologische beroepsgroep onder druk
Authors: de Vries A. Heleen , Hendrikx Ad J. M. , van Bezooijen Bart P. J. , Brinkman Willem M. , van Moonen Paula M. J. , van Vuuren Tinka 
Published: February 2023

SamenvattingDe verwachting is dat het urologische patiëntenaanbod de komende jaren met 40% zal stijgen. Daarom hebben wij, met een enquête, de duurzame inzetbaarheid van urologen (i.o.) in Nederland onderzocht. De werktevredenheid is hoog (78%), maar ook de werkdruk wordt als hoog ervaren (56%). 45% van de urologen wil minder werken en 20% van de urologen overweegt te stoppen. 16% stopt tijdelijk (gedeeltelijk) met werken vanwege tekenen van burn-out. Vrouwen ervaren meer werkdrukgerelateerde klachten dan mannen. Ondanks de hoge werktevredenheid staat de duurzame inzetbaarheid van urologen onder druk. Aandacht voor de preventie van burn-out en een betere regulering van de werkdruk is gewenst.
Effect of Mo in Ni-30Cr filler metal on the eutectic phases of weld metal
Authors: Guo X. , Xu K. , Wei C. , Jiang Y. L. , Lv X. C. , Xu Y. J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe effects of Mo content on the microstructure and solidification path of gas tungsten arc welding deposited Nb-bearing nickel-based alloy welding wire were studied. The Mo entered the matrix γ phase as a solid solution and was precipitated in the form of the eutectic phases including Laves, σ, and MC carbides. In Ni-30Cr weld metal, Mo plays a leading role in the eutectic σ formation, while a relatively minor role in the eutectic MC carbides and Laves formation compared with Nb. The addition of Mo could reduce the content of Nb in the dendrite arm, interdendritic region, and Laves phase. With the increasing Mo content, the Laves phase changed from a rod-like shape to a blocky shape. When the Mo content exceeded 4%, σ + Laves + γ eutectic structure was formed. When the Mo content was about 5.0%, there were microcracks in the σ and Laves phases, and at the σ/MC interface. To avoid the formation of the σ phase due to the segregation of Mo, the Mo content had to be controlled below 4%.
Optimal control of the coronavirus pandemic with both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions
Authors: Oke Segun I. , Ekum Matthew I. , Akintande Olalekan J. , Adeniyi Michael O. , Adekiya Tayo A. , Achadu Ojodomo J. , Matadi Maba B. , Iyiola Olaniyi S. , Salawu Sulyman O. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCoronaviruses are types of viruses that are widely spread in humans, birds, and other mammals, leading to hepatic, respiratory, neurologic, and enteric diseases. The disease is presently a pandemic with great medical, economical, and political impacts, and it is mostly spread through physical contact. To extinct the virus, keeping physical distance and taking vaccine are key. In this study, a dynamical transmission compartment model for coronavirus (COVID-19) is designed and rigorously analyzed using Routh–Hurwitz condition for the stability analysis. A global dynamics of mathematical formulation was investigated with the help of a constructed Lyapunov function. We further examined parameter sensitivities (local and global) to identify terms with greater impact or influence on the dynamics of the disease. Our approach is data driven to test the efficacy of the proposed model. The formulation was incorporated with available confirmed cases from January 22, 2020, to December 20, 2021, and parameterized using real-time series data that were collected on a daily basis for the first 705 days for fourteen countries, out of which the model was simulated using four selected countries: USA, Italy, South Africa, and Nigeria. A least square technique was adopted for the estimation of parameters. The simulated solutions of the model were analyzed using MAPLE-18 with Runge–Kutta–Felberg method (RKF45 solver). The model entrenched parameters analysis revealed that there are both disease-free and endemic equilibrium points. The solutions depicted that the free equilibrium point for COVID-19 is asymptotic locally stable, when the epidemiological reproduction number condition$$(R_{0}<1)$$(R0<1). The simulation results unveiled that the pandemic can be controlled if other control measures, such as face mask wearing in public areas and washing of hands, are combined with high level of compliance to physical distancing. Furthermore, an autonomous derivative equation for the five-dimensional deterministic was done with two control terms and constant rates for the pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical strategies. The Lagrangian and Hamilton were formulated to study the model optimal control existence, using Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle describing the optimal control terms. The designed objective functional reduced the intervention costs and infections. We concluded that the COVID-19 curve can be flattened through strict compliance to both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical strategies. The more the compliance level to physical distance and taking of vaccine, the earlier the curve is flattened and the earlier the economy will be bounce-back.
Strength and Stiffness Properties of Laboratory-Improved Soft Swedish Clays
Authors: Hov Solve , Larsson Stefan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe dry deep mixing method using lime and cement-based binders is widely used in the Nordic countries to improve soft and sensitive clays. Increasing the usage of industrial by-products is needed to reduce climate impact, and this requires thorough knowledge on engineering properties using these binders. A lot of research has been done on this topic; however, tests are often performed on fabricated soils, and there is also a lack of studies on cement kiln dust in organic clays. This paper presents a large database of laboratory-improved soft inorganic and organic natural Swedish clays using quicklime, cement and cement kiln dust. It is shown that many properties and relationships between strength and stiffness, strength development over time and strain to failure are in practice similar for both quicklime and cement kiln dust when combined with cement, but that the strength depends both on the water-binder ratio and soil type. Further, it is shown that cement kiln dust performs well also in organic clay. The data also shows that the Youngs' modulus on average is around 100 times the unconfined compressive strength. For strength development over time, it is seen that the strength increases on average 60% from 7 days of curing to 28 days of curing. The correlations presented herein will serve as a useful guidance in engineering practice.
Das Verständnis von digitaler Grundbildung in Erwachsenenbildungseinrichtungen
Authors: Weber Johanna 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDurch die zunehmende Digitalisierung gilt digitale Grundbildung heutzutage als Voraussetzung zur Teilhabe am gesellschaftlichen Leben. Anknüpfend an den Diskurs um Grundbildungsverständnisse in der Erwachsenenbildung arbeitet dieser Beitrag das Verständnis von digitaler Grundbildung in Erwachsenenbildungseinrichtungen heraus. Befunde aus Interviews mit Programmplanenden und Lehrenden zeigen, dass ein durch Relationalität und Dynamik geprägtes Verständnis vorherrscht, welches durch ein Kontinuum aus Inhalten, Zielen und Zielgruppen geprägt ist.
Rheology and microstructure effects of waste spent coffee grounds in modifying asphalt binder
Authors: Xie Mingjun , Xu Linglin , Wu Kai , Wen Yutong , Jiang Hongmi , Jiang Zhengwu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein the biowaste by-product spent coffee grounds (SCGs) from coffee industry were incorporated into asphalt binders for performance enhancement. From the analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and Brookfield viscosity rheometer, it is confirmed that SCGs have potential prospects as bio-waste modifiers in the application of sustainable pavements. Results demonstrated that the modification process was mainly based on physical reinforcement. Compared with that of the neat asphalt, the shearing stress-resistant ability and high-temperature performance of the SCGs modified binders with the appropriate addition presented a bit of improvement; whereas the binders with 1% and 3% SCGs exhibited remarkably enhanced low-temperature stability. However, notable weaknesses of practical performance were shown for the binder with excessive content of SCGs, indicating the necessity of proportion selecting before application.
The Uneasy Case for a Ransom Tax
Authors: Nieuwesteeg Bernold , Faure Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe goal of our paper is to demonstrate the potential effects of a tax on paying a ransom on the incentives of stakeholders involved: both the perpetrators (the attackers placing the ransomware) as well as the potential victim. We do think that there is a case for a ransom tax, but we do also realise that it is not easy to make that case, and hence we express this doubt in our title. A tax could stimulate ex ante cybersecurity and also (when price elasticity is not too low) reduce ex post ransom payments. In addition, a tax in combination with a smartly designed subsidy could have benefits.
Association between total dietary antioxidant capacity and food groups and incidence of depression in a cohort of Brazilian graduates (CUME Project)
Authors: Pereira Sol Gabriela Amorim , Hermsdorff Helen Hermana Miranda , Leal Arieta Carla Gualandi , Pimenta Adriano Marçal , Bressan Josefina , Moreira Ana Paula Boroni , de Aguiar Aline Silva 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the association between Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (dTAC) and Total Antioxidant Capacity of food groups (fgTAC) with the incidence of depression in Brazilian graduates participating in the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study). The sample consisted of 2572 participants without a medical diagnosis of depression at baseline who responded to at least one follow-up questionnaire from the CUME Project. The Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay was used to determine dTAC. Incidence of depression was estimated by self-reported medical diagnosis of depression during the years of cohort follow-up. Cox regression models were used to relate dTAC and fgTAC to the incidence of depression. The mean follow-up time was 2·96 (1·00) years, and 246 cases of depression were observed (32·3/1000 person-years). The mean dTAC was 11·03 (4·84) mmol/d. We found no associations between higher dTAC and lower risk of developing depression after adjusting for possible confounders. The incidence of depression was inversely associated with fgTAC of the beans and lentils group (hazard ratio (HR): 0·61; 95 % CI 0·41, 0·90). The fgTAC of the junk food group was positively associated with higher incidence of depression after all adjustments (HR: 1·57; 95 % CI 1·08, 2·26). Our findings do not support an association between dTAC and the incidence of depression in a highly educated Brazilian population. However, associations of fgTAC show the importance of analysing the food matrix in which these antioxidants are inserted. We highlight the need for more prospective studies with different nationalities to confirm these results.