bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenosine pathway regulates inflammation during Plasmodium vivax infection
Authors: Diniz Suelen Queiroz , Figueiredo Maria Marta , Costa Pedro Augusto Carvalho , Martins-Filho Olindo Assis , Teixeira-Carvalho Andrea , Pereira Dhélio Batista , Shugiro Tada Mauro , Crocco Afonso Luis Carlos , Kohlhoff Markus , Zani Carlos Leomar , Gazzinelli Ricardo Tostes , Oliveira Fabiano , Antonelli Lis Ribeiro 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundPlasmodium spp. infection triggers the production of inflammatory cytokines that are essential for parasite control, and conversely responsible for symptoms of malaria. Monocytes play a role in host defense against Plasmodium vivax infection and represent the main source of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 is a key regulator preventing exacerbated inflammatory responses. Studies suggested that different clinical presentations of malaria are strongly associated with an imbalance in the production of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.MethodsA convenience sampling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Plasmodium vivax-infected patients and healthy donors were tested for the characterization of cytokine and adenosine production and the expression of ectonucleotidases and purinergic receptors.ResultsHere we show that despite a strong inflammatory response, monocytes also bear a modulatory role during malaria. High levels of IL-10 are produced during P. vivax infection and its production can be triggered in monocytes by P. vivax-infected reticulocytes. Monocytes express high levels of ectonucleotidases, indicating their important role in extracellular ATP modulation and consequently in adenosine production. Plasmatic levels of adenosine are not altered in patients experiencing acute malaria; however, their monocyte subsets displayed an increased expression of P1 purinergic receptors. In addition, adenosine decreases Tumor Necrosis Factor production by monocytes, which was partially abolished with the blockage of the A2a receptor.ConclusionMonocytes have a dual role, attempting to control both the P. vivax infection and the inflammatory response. Purinergic receptor modulators emerge as an untapped approach to ameliorate clinical malaria.
The importance of time in nutrient regulation: a case study with spotted-wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii)
Authors: Deans Carrie , Hutchison William 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe ability of living organisms to acquire the nutrients needed to carry out required physiological functions has important consequences for fitness. However, an organism must not simply meet the requirements for individual nutrients, but must ingest an optimal balance of multiple nutrients. Despite this, animals rarely consume truly balanced resources, and instead commonly feed selectively across multiple unbalanced resources to reach an optimal balance, i.e., intake target. Nutritional research has predominantly focused on the behavioral strategies employed during nutrient regulation, as well as the fitness consequence of failing to meet intake targets, but little work has been done on the temporal aspects of this process. For instance, within what timeframe must organisms reach their intake target before a fitness cost is incurred? Hours, days, weeks?MethodsIn this study, we investigated how nutrient regulation interval impacts consumption and performance in adult female spotted-wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii). Females were constrained to either a protein- orcarbohydrate-biased diet over different time intervals and at different schedules, while control flies were constrained to one diet for the entire feeding period.ResultsRegulation interval had a significant impact on feeding behavior and consumption. Total consumption was highest on the shorter interval treatments, where diets were alternated more frequently, and declined as the interval period increased. The relative consumption of both diets was statistically-different across intervals and was higher for the carbohydrate-biased diet. Consumption of the protein-biased diet was more variable across intervals and was more strongly impacted by the daily timing of diet switches. Performance data showed that shorter regulation intervals led to longer fly lifespans, a result commonly observed in studies exploring the impacts of diet macronutrient ratio variability on performance.DiscussionThese results show that the temporal aspects of nutrition, such as feeding intervals and the timing of resource availability, can have strong impacts on feeding behavior, nutrient regulation, and fitness. These results provide an insight into how consumers may deal with changes in host phenology, the availability of hosts, and changes in nutrient availability within hosts. Understanding these mechanisms will be important for predicting responses to changes in nutrient cycling and resource availability mediated by natural and anthropogenic habitat modifications, such as global climate change.
Factors influencing the prognosis of acute basilar artery occlusion patients treated endovascularly: the impact of treatment time window and preoperative symptoms
Authors: Xu Wei , Bao Xiang , Jiang Fengfeng , Chen Feng , Liu Boxiao , Yu Fengdan , He Pingyou 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) who receive endovascular treatment. Our particular emphasis was on the predictive implications of the time window for treatment (from symptom onset to femoral artery puncture) and preoperative symptoms for prognosis.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data collected from 51 BAO patients who received endovascular treatment at the Neurosurgery Department of Jinhua Central Hospital from April 2018 to October 2021 was undertaken. The data included immediate post-interventional recanalization rates and the 90-day clinical prognoses of the patients. We used the Modified Rankin Scale (mRs) to categorize patients into two prognosis groups: a favorable prognosis group (mRs score ≤2) and an unfavorable prognosis group (mRs score &gt;2). Preoperative symptoms were gauged using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors affecting the prognosis of BAO patients following endovascular treatment.ResultsThe procedure resulted in complete recanalization in all patients (100%). However, four patients (7.8%) passed away during the postoperative hospitalization period. The remaining 47 patients were followed up for 3 months. It was found that 15 patients (31.91%) had a favorable prognosis, while 32 (68.09%) had an unfavorable prognosis. It was generally observed that patients with an unfavorable prognosis had notably higher preoperative GCS and NIHSS scores (p &lt; 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative symptom severity, as indicated by NIHSS score, and treatment time window were significant prognostic risk factors for patients undergoing endovascular treatment for BAO (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionEndovascular intervention for BAO appears to be safe and effective, with greater likelihood of a favorable prognosis in patients treated within ≤6 h. The chances of favorable prognosis could potentially be linked to the severity of the patient's preoperative symptoms.
A protocol for a multicenter randomized and personalized controlled trial using rTMS in patients with disorders of consciousness
Authors: Vitello Marie M. , Rosenfelder Martin J. , Cardone Paolo , Niimi Masachika , Willacker Lina , Thibaut Aurore , Lejeune Nicolas , Laureys Steven , Bender Andreas , Gosseries Olivia 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundImproving the functional recovery of patients with DoC remains one of the greatest challenges of the field. Different theories exist about the role of the anterior (prefrontal areas) versus posterior (parietal areas) parts of the brain as hotspots for the recovery of consciousness. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a powerful non-invasive brain stimulation technique for the treatment of DoC. However, a direct comparison of the effect of TMS treatment on the front versus the back of the brain has yet to be performed. In this study, we aim to assess the short- and long-term effects of frontal and parietal rTMS on DoC recovery and characterize responders phenotypically.Methods/designNinety patients with subacute and prolonged DoC will be included in a two-part multicenter prospective study. In the first phase (randomized controlled trial, RCT), patients will undergo four rTMS sessions in a crossover design over 10 days, targeting (i) the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and (ii) the left angular gyrus (AG), as well as (iii &amp; iv) their sham alternatives. In the second phase (longitudinal personalized trial), patients will receive personalized stimulations for 20 working days targeting the brain area that showed the best results in the RCT and will be randomly assigned to either active or sham intervention. The effects of rTMS on neurobehavioral and neurophysiological functioning in patients with DoC will be evaluated using clinical biomarkers of responsiveness (i.e., the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised; CRS-R), and electrophysiological biomarkers (e.g., power spectra, functional and effective connectivity, perturbational complexity index before and after intervention). Functional long-term outcomes will be assessed at 3 and 6 months post-intervention. Adverse events will be recorded during the treatment phase.DiscussionThis study seeks to identify which brain region (front or back) is best to stimulate for the treatment of patients with DoC using rTMS, and to characterize the neural correlates of its action regarding recovery of consciousness and functional outcome. In addition, we will define the responders’ profile based on patients’ characteristics and functional impairments; and develop biomarkers of responsiveness using EEG analysis according to the clinical responsiveness to the treatment.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04401319, Clinicaltrials.gov, n° NCT04401319.
Study of the prediction of gamma passing rate in dosimetric verification of intensity-modulated radiotherapy using machine learning models based on plan complexity
Authors: Bin Shizhen , Zhang Ji , Shen Luyao , Zhang Junjun , Wang Qi 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTo predict the gamma passing rate (GPR) in dosimetric verification of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using three machine learning models based on plan complexity and find the best prediction model by comparing and evaluating the prediction ability of the regression and classification models of three classical algorithms: artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF).Materials and methods269 clinical IMRT plans were chosen retrospectively and the GPRs of a total of 2340 fields by the 2%/2mm standard at the threshold of 10% were collected for dosimetric verification using electronic portal imaging device (EPID). Subsequently, the plan complexity feature values of each field were extracted and calculated, and a total of 6 machine learning models (classification and regression models for three algorithms) were trained to learn the relation between 21 plan complexity features and GPRs. Each model was optimized by tuning the hyperparameters and ten-fold cross validation. Finally, the GPRs predicted by the model were compared with measured values to verify the accuracy of the model, and the evaluation indicators were applied to evaluate each model to find the algorithm with the best prediction performance.ResultsThe RF algorithm had the optimal prediction effect on GPR, and its mean absolute error (MAE) on the test set was 1.81%, root mean squared error (RMSE) was 2.14%, and correlation coefficient (CC) was 0.72; SVM was the second and ANN was the worst. Among the classification models, the RF algorithm also had the optimal prediction performance with the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.80, specificity and sensitivity of 0.80 and 0.68 respectively, followed by SVM and the worst ANN.ConclusionAll the three classic algorithms, ANN, SVM, and RF, could realize the prediction and classification of GPR. The RF model based on plan complexity had the optimal prediction performance which could save valuable time for quality control workers to improve quality control efficiency.
Quantifying the role of photoacclimation and self-facilitation for seagrass resilience to light deprivation
Authors: Minguito-Frutos Mario , Adams Matthew P. , Alcoverro Teresa , Vilas María P. , Alonso David , Mayol Elvira , Bernardeu-Esteller Jaime , Marín-Guirao Lázaro , Ruiz Juan M. , Boada Jordi 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionLight gradients are ubiquitous in marine systems as light reduces exponentially with depth. Seagrasses have a set of mechanisms that help them to cope with light stress gradients. Physiological photoacclimation and clonal integration help to maximize light capture and minimize carbon losses. These mechanisms can shape plants minimum light requirements (MLR), which establish critical thresholds for seagrass survival and help us predict ecosystem responses to the alarming reduction in light availability.MethodsUsing the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa as a case study, we compare the MLR under different carbon model scenarios, which include photoacclimation and/or self-facilitation (based on clonal integration) and that where parameterized with values from field experiments.ResultsPhysiological photoacclimation conferred plants with increased tolerance to reducing light, approximately halving their MLR from 5-6% surface irradiance (SI) to ≈ 3% SI. In oligotrophic waters, this change in MLR could translate to an increase of several meters in their depth colonization limit. In addition, we show that reduced mortality rates derived from self-facilitation mechanisms (promoted by high biomass) induce bistability of seagrass meadows along the light stress gradient, leading to abrupt shifts and hysteretic behaviors at their deep limit.DiscussionThe results from our models point to (i) the critical role of physiological photoacclimation in conferring greater resistance and ability to recover (i.e., resilience), to seagrasses facing light deprivation and (ii) the importance of self-facilitating reinforcing mechanisms in driving the resilience and recovery of seagrass systems exposed to severe light reduction events.
Exploring the ability of vocal biomarkers in distinguishing depression from bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and healthy controls
Authors: Pan Wei , Deng Fusong , Wang Xianbin , Hang Bowen , Zhou Wenwei , Zhu Tingshao 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundVocal features have been exploited to distinguish depression from healthy controls. While there have been some claims for success, the degree to which changes in vocal features are specific to depression has not been systematically studied. Hence, we examined the performances of vocal features in differentiating depression from bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia and healthy controls, as well as pairwise classifications for the three disorders.MethodsWe sampled 32 bipolar disorder patients, 106 depression patients, 114 healthy controls, and 20 schizophrenia patients. We extracted i-vectors from Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCCs), and built logistic regression models with ridge regularization and 5-fold cross-validation on the training set, then applied models to the test set. There were seven classification tasks: any disorder versus healthy controls; depression versus healthy controls; BD versus healthy controls; schizophrenia versus healthy controls; depression versus BD; depression versus schizophrenia; BD versus schizophrenia.ResultsThe area under curve (AUC) score for classifying depression and bipolar disorder was 0.5 (F-score = 0.44). For other comparisons, the AUC scores ranged from 0.75 to 0.92, and the F-scores ranged from 0.73 to 0.91. The model performance (AUC) of classifying depression and bipolar disorder was significantly worse than that of classifying bipolar disorder and schizophrenia (corrected p &lt; 0.05). While there were no significant differences in the remaining pairwise comparisons of the 7 classification tasks.ConclusionVocal features showed discriminatory potential in classifying depression and the healthy controls, as well as between depression and other mental disorders. Future research should systematically examine the mechanisms of voice features in distinguishing depression with other mental disorders and develop more sophisticated machine learning models so that voice can assist clinical diagnosis better.
PENERAPAN TERAPI RENDAM KAKI MENGGUNAKAN AIR HANGAT PADA KELOMPOK LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KALIJUDAN SURABAYA
Authors: Wiliyanarti Pipit Festi 
Published: July 2023

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang sering dialami oleh lansia yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor antara lain jenis kelamin, keturunan, usia, pola makan yang tidak sehat, obesitas, dan aktivitas yang kurang. Pada kelompok lansia di wilayah RW 6 Kalijudan didapatkan lansia menderita Hipertensi dengan berbagai keluhan, kurang memahami pengobatan dan perawatan hipertensi, nyeri tengkuk serta kekauan otot kaki. Keluhan tersebut yang mengganggu aktifitas lansia sehingga menurunkan kualitas kehidupan kelompok lansia di wilayah tersebut. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah pendidikan kesehatan dan pendampingan lansia di RW 6 Kelurahan Kalijudan berjumlah 10 orang lansia yang terdiagnosis hipertensi serta tidak rutin mengkonsumsi obat antihipertensi. Media yang digunakan adalah leaflet, lembar observasi, tensimeter jenis manual, peralatan rendam kaki. Hasil pengabdian yang didapatkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan lansia tentang terapi rendam kaki air hangat dan pengaturan pola makan, penurunan keluhan lansia dengan yang disebabkan hipertensi, penurunan tekanan darah sistolik rata-rata 5-15 mmHg setelah diterapkan metode rendam kaki. Dari hasil pengabdian didapatkan lansia mampu mengetahui cara non farmakologi dalam menurunkaan tekanan darah, sehingga terapi ini dapat diaplikasikan sebagai upaya terapi yang mudah dilakukan secara mandiri oleh lansia. Pendampingan pada lansia yang beresiko hipertensi penting guna mencegah komplikasi yang terjadi.
Wedang Uwuh; A Natural Antioxidant from Yogyakarta
Authors: Lau Michelle Amanda , Suseno Batara Krisnawan , Sudradjat Susana Elya 
Published: July 2023

Natural antioxidants are still favoured due to their high benefits and safety compared to synthetic ones. Wedang uwuh is one example of a traditional drink consisting of various spices (cinnamon, cloves, cardamom, sappanwood, nutmeg, and ginger) rich in antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the optimum infusion method of ready to drink wedang uwuh to achieve its maximum antioxidant potential. Two groups of wedang uwuh samples (grounded and ungrounded) were infused in hot water (90ºC) using tea bags in different timings (1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes). Then their antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay method. The results showed the highest when we infused grounded wedang uwuh for 15 minutes with the IC50 value of 7.97 µg/mL. The smaller the particle size and the longer the infusion time yields lower IC50 value, thus achieving more potent antioxidant activity.
Gambaran Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Anak Dibawah Usia Lima Tahun (Balita) dengan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) di Puskesmas Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Selatan Tahun 2020-2021
Authors: William William , Wijaya Axel Thio , Pasaribu Donna Mesina , Hudyono Johannes 
Published: July 2023

ISPA merupakan penyakit yang menyerang saluran pernafasan dengan gejala yang bermacam-macam. Penyebab terbesar ISPA adalah virus (90-95%), sehingga terapi yang diberikan adalah untuk mengatasi gejalanya. Pemberian antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat menyebabkan resistensi bakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunanaan antibiotik pada bayi dibawah usia lima tahun, dengan ISPA di Puskesmas Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Selatan pada periode 2020-2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara observational deskriptif pada 50 subjek. Pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasien ISPA memiliki gejala batuk (96%) dengan rentang usia 1-3 tahun (52%) dan berat badan lahir < 15 kg (92%). Status imunisasi dasar yang lengkap hanya 30%. Sebagian besar pasien Balita dengan ISPA (80%) tidak mendapatkan antibiotik dan sebanyak 20% pasien Balita dengan ISPA menggunakan antibiotik yaitu amoksisillin. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sesuai dengan etiologi dari ISPA pada Balita disebabkan virus, sebagian besar pasien Balita dengan ISPA di Puskesmas Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Selatan tidak mendapatkan antibiotik (80%).
Kanker Prostat : Risiko dan pencegahannya.
Authors: Christina Shintia , Sanchia Hansel , Angka Rebecca Noerjani 
Published: July 2023

Kanker prostat menduduki urutan kedua setelah kanker paru pada laki-laki. Faktor resiko kanker prostat dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu yang tidak dapat diubah dan tidak dapat diubah. Faktor yang tidak dapat diubah adalah usia, etnis/ras dan riwayat keluarga. Faktor resiko yang dapat diubah adalah antropometri, merokok, kegiatan fisik dan pola makan. Faktor resiko tersebut dari beberapa literature disebutkan dapat meningkatkan resiko untuk terjadinya kanker prostat. Pencegahan terhadap kejadian kanker prostat dapat dilakukan dengan memodifikasi pola hidup berdasarkan faktor resiko yang dapat diubah, seperti memodifikasi pola makan, berat badan dan aktifitas fisik.
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Kepemilikan Institusional, Struktur Modal dan Utang terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan
Authors: Trisnawati Ni Kadek Siska , Dewi Ni Luh Putu Sandrya , Novitasari Ni Luh Gde 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to test and obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR), company size, ownership structure, capital structure and debt on the performance of banking companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2019-2021. The sample in this study were 25 banking companies which were determined using the purposive sampling method, namely the technique of determining the sample with certain considerations. The analytical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple linear regression analysis.The results of the study show that corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a positive effect on company performance. Meanwhile, company size, ownership structure, capital structure and debt have a negative effect on company performance.
Une archéologie photographique du présent
Authors: Tichit Jonathan 
Published: July 2023

Cet article analyse la façon dont certains artistes s’écartent du motif traditionnel de la ruine grandiose multiséculaire, en photographiant des vestiges qui ne sont plus anciens. Certains réhabilitent toutefois l’esthétique du pittoresque et s’emploient à recenser les traces d’un passé récent, rejoignant par cet aspect l’archéologie industrielle. D’autres interrogent davantage les sociétés actuelles et ce qu’elles sont en train de laisser derrière elles, déployant une forme de temporalité métaphorique que l’on pourrait nommer « archéologie du présent ».