bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of gender on short and long-term outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Omran Tarek 
Published: August 2023

Background: There is no consensus on the effect of gender on the outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Thus, this study aimed to describe gender differences in CABG and evaluate the impact of gender on the short and long-term outcomes after CABG.
Methods: This study was conducted on 195 CABG patients. The patients were grouped according to gender into two groups: males (n= 142) and females (n= 53). Study endpoints were hospital outcomes (drainage, myocardial infarction (MI), neurological and renal complications, sternal wound infection, and mortality) and the long-term composite endpoint of recurrent angina, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and mortality.
Results: Male patients were significantly younger than females (P= 0.025) and had a significantly lower Euro SCORE (P<0.001). The number of distal anastomoses was significantly more in males, and total arterial revascularization was more commonly used in males (P= 0.002 for both). Postoperative drainage was substantially higher in males than in females (P<0.001). There were no differences in other postoperative complications between groups. The median follow-up duration for males was 58 (47- 67) months vs. 61 (48- 65) months for females. Recurrent angina occurred in ten males (7.04%) vs. five females (9.43%) (log-rank P= 0.547). MI during follow-up occurred in 3 males (2.11%) and none in females. Coronary reintervention occurred in three males (2.11%) vs. three females (5.66%) (log-rank P= 0.614). Five males had follow-up mortality (3.52%) vs. two females (3.77%) (Log-rank P= 0.957). The composite endpoint of death, MI, recurrent angina, and coronary reintervention occurred in 16 males (11.27%) vs. eight females (15.09%) (Log-rank P= 0.464).
Conclusions: This study revealed that there could be no difference in the outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting between males and females.
Partial versus Full Sternotomy for Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Moheb Ibrahim Islam , Labib Dokhan Ahmed , Fawzy Eltaweel Mohammed , Hassan Ahmed Hesham , Elsawy Abd Elaziz Montaser 
Published: August 2023

Background: Minimal invasive approaches are used more frequently for aortic valve replacement (AVR). This study aimed to compare the outcomes of both minimally invasive upper mini-sternotomy and full sternotomy for AVR.
Methods: 100 patients with isolated aortic valve disease were enrolled in this prospective observational study. We grouped the patients according to the technique, group A (n=40) underwent upper J-shaped mini-sternotomy, and group B (n=60) underwent full sternotomy. Study endpoints were operative times and pain score.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 46.4±10.1 years. There was no difference in preoperative data between both groups. There was a significant difference in aortic cross-clamp time (87.2± 8.6 vs. 59.2± 6.6 min in group A and B, respectively, p= 0.001), and total bypass time (115.1± 9.2 vs. 75.3± 4.3 min in group A and B, respectively, p= 0.001) between both groups. The total operative time was 341±11.7 and 196.1±18.4 min in groups A and B, respectively (p= 0.001). The ICU stay was 29.4±8.2 hours in group A and 41.2±13.3 hours in group B (p= 0.001). Patients who had mini-sternotomy had lower pain (p= 0.001) and better patient satisfaction score (p< 0.001).
Conclusion: J-shaped upper mini-sternotomy is a safe and effective strategy for aortic valve replacement. The procedure may be associated with decreased pain and comparable morbidity to the conventional approach.
Bentall Procedure for an Adolescent with Sickle Cell Disease, Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, and old Cerebrovascular Accident
Authors: Elmahrouky Ahmed , Barnawi Hani , Alshehri Hassan , Almutairi Majed , Mokhtar Ghadeer , Jamjoom Ahmed , Al Uthman Uthman 
Published: August 2023

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients with sickle cell anemia can trigger lethal vaso-occlusive crises, especially in cases of hypoxia, hypothermia, acidosis, or low-ﬂow states. We described a patient with sickle cell anemia who had bicuspid aortic valve stenosis and aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending aorta complicated with infective endocarditis. The patient had a history of stroke. During routine workup, Hodgkin’s Lymphoma was diagnosed. The patient underwent exchange transfusion preoperatively and immediately before the initiation of CPB. We performed a Bentall procedure, and the patient was discharged in a stable condition. Sickle Cell Disease can be very challenging during CPB, and special precautions are required to prevent vaso-occlusive crises.
The value of pericardial window in preventing pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery
Authors: Ebaid Hany Hassan , Emara Ahmed Sobhy , Emara Mona Sobhy , Elnaggar Amr Elsayed 
Published: August 2023

Background: Pericardial window (PW) is a technique that allows the passage of fluid from the pericardial to the pleural cavity to reduce the postoperative pericardial effusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the pericardial window in decreasing pericardial effusions after cardiac surgery.
Methods: The study included 400 adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery from 2017 to 2020. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups; the pericardial window (PW) group included 200 patients who underwent posterior pericardiotomy, and the control group included 200 patients who did not undergo this procedure.
Results: Preoperative data were comparable between both groups. More patients in the PW group had chest tube drainage more than 500 cc/ 24 hours (40 (20%) vs. 5 (2.5%), respectively; p=0.005). The drainage of 500 cc/24 hours or more in the mediastinal tube was lower in the PW group (10 (5%) vs. 40 (20%) patients in the PW and control groups, respectively; p<0.001). Early pericardial collection occurred in 6 patients in the PW group (3%) vs. 46 (23%) in the control group (p<0.001), and no patient had late effusion in the PW group vs. 26 (13%) in the control group (p< 0.001). Six patients in the PW group (3%) had postoperative atrial fibrillation and 12 patients (6%) in the control group (p= 0.23). Pulmonary complications were nonsignificantly higher in the PW group (Lung collapse: 40 (20%) vs. 26 (13%); p=0.08 and pleural effusion: 34 (17%) vs. 26 (13%); p= 0.3, in the PW vs. control groups, respectively).
Conclusion: Posterior pericardiotomy is a simple technique that could reduce postoperative pericardial effusion, atrial fibrillation, and the pericardial tamponade. The technique did not increase the postoperative complications compared to the standard method.
The effect of cold crystalloid versus warm blood cardioplegia on the myocardium during coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Fayad Elsayed A , Aly Eddin Wesam F , Amr Mohamed A 
Published: August 2023

Background: The optimal cardioplegic solution is still debated. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of cold crystalloid versus warm blood cardioplegia on the myocardial injury during coronary artery bypass grafting.
Methods: The study included 34 consecutive patients who underwent elective primary on-pump isolated coronary artery bypass grafting from 2016 to 2019. We randomly assigned the patients into two groups. Group (ICCC) (n= 17) received intermittent antegrade cold crystalloid cardioplegia and Group (IWBC) (n= 17) received intermittent antegrade warm blood cardioplegia.
Results: There was no difference in the preoperative and operative variables between groups. The time taken by the heart to regain normal sinus rhythm was significantly longer in the cold crystalloid group (7.06 ± 1.8 vs. 2.17 ± 0.8 minutes, p<0.001) with a higher rate of reperfusion ventricular arrhythmia (35% versus 6%; p=0.03) compared to the warm blood cardioplegia group. Both coronary sinus acid production and lactate level were significantly higher in the warm blood group than in the cold crystalloid group (p< 0.001 and 0.043, respectively). The ischemic ECG changes and the severity of new segmental wall motion abnormalities were non-significantly different between both groups (p= 0.68 and 0.67, respectively). Postoperative CK-MB and cTnI levels in all-time points were not significantly different between groups (p= 0.46 and 0.37, respectively). ICU (2.29 ± 0.77 vs. 2.41 ± 0.87 days, p= 0.68) and hospital stay (9.28 ± 0.76 vs. 9.42 ± 0.88 days, p= 0.62) were non-significantly different between both groups.
Conclusion: Intermittent antegrade cold crystalloid cardioplegia was associated with attenuated myocardial metabolism. However, it was associated with a longer time to regain normal sinus rhythm and more reperfusion ventricular arrhythmias. We did not find differences in the clinical and echocardiographic outcomes and cardiac enzymes between cold crystalloid and warm blood cardioplegia.
Predictors of Failure after DeVega Repair for Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Abdelmohty Hysam , Abdelaziz Wael , Elanwar Mohamed-Adel , Abdelazeem Ehab , Ali Mohamed , Abdelgawad Basem 
Published: August 2023

Background: Untreated tricuspid regurgitation during mitral valve surgery may progress to severe symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation. Concomitant repair may increase the operative risk; however, re-operative tricuspid valve surgery is a high-risk procedure. This study's objective was to identify the predictors of DeVega repair failure in patients with functional tricuspid regurgitation and concomitant mitral valve surgery.
Methods: This research is a retrospective comparative study that included 140 patients who underwent tricuspid valve repair concomitant with mitral valve replacement. We divided the patients into two groups; the first group (n=106) included patients with no DeVega failure at six-months follow-up (The sustained repair group). The second group included 34 patients who developed moderate or higher TR after the DeVega and was named the failed repair group.
Results: The demographic data and comorbidities were not statistically different between both groups. The preoperative atrial fibrillation (73 (69%) vs. 30 (88%)’ p= 0.027) pulmonary artery pressure (64.8±3.6 vs. 81±6.5 mmHg; p= 0.02), right ventricular dimension (4.85±0.24 vs. 5.23±0.37 cm; p= 0.03), and time between the indication of surgery and operation (8.3 ± 3.1 vs. 14.7 ± 5.4 months; p = 0.003) were higher in patients with failed DeVega repair. There was no statistically significant difference regarding the mean bypass time, cross-clamp time, ICU and hospital stay, and postoperative complications between both groups. Predictors of failure after six months were preoperative heart failure (OR: 15.4 (95% CI: 3- 92.3); p= 0.003), long time between diagnosis and surgery (OR: 12.3 (95% CI: 2.1- 84.7); p= 0.007), and postoperative severe pulmonary hypertension (OR: 24.7 (95% CI: 3.1- 199.6); p= 0.003).
Conclusions: DeVega repair is associated with a high failure rate after six months. The study of predictors of failure could change our management plans to reach the best results for repair.
Comparative Study Between Custodiol® versus Cold Blood Cardioplegia for Myocardial Protection in Double Valve Replacement Surgery
Authors: Rezk Moataz , Wahdan Ashraf , Mubarak Mahmoud , Mohamed Mamdouh , Elgazzar Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

Background: Several cardioplegic solutions are available for myocardial preservation. The superiority of intracellular over extracellular cardioplegia is still debated. Our study aimed to compare the results of Custodiol® and blood Cardioplegia for myocardial protection in double valve replacement surgery.
Methods: This is a prospective study that included 301 patients. We grouped the patient into; Group A (n= 135) had Custodiol® cardioplegia, and Group B (n= 166) had cold blood cardioplegia. We included patients who had double valve surgery and excluded redo, emergency procedures, and patients who had concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting.
Results: Patients in Group A were significantly younger (43 ±9 vs. 47 ±10, P<0.001). There were 72 females (53.3%) in Group A and 71 (43.4%) in Group B (P= 0.09). The total bypass time was higher in group B (217± 40 vs. 179± 35 min, P< 0.001). The cross-clamp time was comparable between groups (90± 31 vs. 85± 29 min, P= 0.15). The duration of mechanical ventilation (7 ± 1 vs. 12 ± 2 h, P< 0.001), ICU stay (3± 0.7 vs. 4± 0.9, P< 0.001) and hospital stay (8± 1 vs. 13± 3, P< 0.001) were shorter in Group A. Postoperative wound seroma (5 (26.6%) vs. 60 (36.1%), P< 0.001) and mortality (2 (1.5%) vs. 11 (6.6%), p= 0.042) were lower in Group A.
Conclusion: Custodiol cardioplegia could be safe during double valve surgery. A larger randomized trial is required to confirm our findings.
A Clinical Score to Predict Acute Renal Failure after Cardiac Surgery in Egypt
Authors: Emara Ahmed Sobhy , Shaheen Yosri , Kasab Ibrahim , Ouda Mohamed Abdelrahman , Elshafey Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery is a serious complication. AKI could occur in 30% of patients, and 1-5% develop severe kidney injury. The present study aimed to evaluate the use of the Cleveland Clinic Score (CCS) to identify patients at higher risk of AKI after cardiac surgery.
Methods: This study included 100 patients, 83 were males, and the mean age was 52.47±11.3 years. All patients had elective operations; 30% had isolated valve surgery, 64% had isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and 6% had combined CABG and valve operation.
Results: Creatinine serum level ranged between 0.5-2 mg/dL with a mean of 0.98±0.32 mg/dL. Seventy-four patients had good renal function postoperatively, and their CCS was 1.45±0.36, while 26 patients had renal impairment, and their CCS was 12.5±0.44 (P= 0.001). Patients who had AKI were older (62.87±8.7 vs. 49.9±13.9; P<0.001) and had higher preoperative creatinine (1.1±0.32 vs. 0.94±0.31; P= 0.03). AKI was more common in diabetics (23 (88.5%) vs. 28 (37.85, P<0.001) and patients with COPD (6 (23.1%) vs. 3 (4.1%); P= 0.004). CCS score was significantly higher among the different degrees of severity of AKI.
Conclusion: Cleveland Clinic Score could be good for predicting acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery.
The Contribution of Soviet Military Scientists to the Development of Industrial Technologies for the Production of the First Domestic Antibiotics (Penicillin and Streptomycin)
Authors: Chigrinov S. N. , Mironin A. V. , Soybanov V. D. , Teterin V. V. , Tumanov A. S. 
Published: August 2023

In the domestic literature, the industrial production of penicillin and streptomycin is commonly attributed to the representatives of civil institutions and enterprises. However, the key role of military scientists in solving this problem remains in the background. The purpose of this article is to summarize the available facts about the role of Soviet military scientists in creating a technology for obtaining the first antibiotics in the USSR. At the beginning of 1942, all the works, related to the penicillin in the Soviet Union, was headed by academician of AMS USSR Z. V. Ermolyeva. At the first stage of the research, the technology for obtaining penicillin was applied, based on the use of a surface method of growing cultures of the antibiotic-producing fungus in mattresses. But this method could not meet the country's needs for the drug. In early 1944, the Soviet government tasked the Research Institute of Epidemiology and Hygiene of the Red Army (NIIEG) in Kirov (now a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «48th Central Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation) to solve the case of mass production of penicillin and streptomycin. In 1944–1945 for the first time in the USSR military specialists from NIIEG developed a technology for the industrial production of penicillin by the deep method with aeration. The deep cultivation was carried out in cultivator devices designed by engineer-Lieutenant Colonel A. V. Krutyakov. During the research, a fungus strain (Penicillium chrysogenum 23248) was selected from a large number of studied strains, the use of which provided the highest yields of penicillin, and the most effective cultivation conditions were selected. The experience, obtained by the Soviet military specialists during the development of the technology for the deep production of penicillin, served in 1946-1947 as the basis for the creation of the method for obtaining domestic streptomycin from the domestic Streptomyces griseus. In 1947, for the first time in the world an employee of the NIIEG Lieutenant Colonel of medical service N. I. Nikolaev and civil doctors D. D. Fedorinov and V. I. Gorokhov used the NIIEG streptomycin successfully for the treatment of patients with pneumonic plague during the plague epidemic in Manchuria. In the late 1940s the technologies for the production of penicillin and streptomycin, as well as the relevant documentation, were transferred to civil healthcare institutions for the industrial development.
Plasmonic dual-band waveguide with independently controllable band-notched characteristics
Authors: Zhu Biao , Hu Mingzhe , Xu Jie , Zhang Lepeng , Niu Lingyun , Zhou Chaobiao , Liu Facheng , Zhang Haochi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this present paper, an investigation is conducted on a dual-band waveguide with independently controllable band-notched characteristics. The proposed slot structure, featuring a loaded gap, facilitates the operation of the plasmonic waveguide at two distinct frequency bands. Moreover, the working bandwidth of the waveguide can be flexibly adjusted through the use of varactors loaded across the gap. Notably, the dual band can be adjusted independently and flexibly by regulating the varactors. The measurement results demonstrate that the plasmonic filtering waveguide possesses excellent frequency selectivity and compact physical size, particularly concerning its real-time controllable notched-band response with the varactor voltages.
Can Osteoarthritis be Cured by Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)? A Literature Review
Authors: Ziedan Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The disease frequently results in discomfort, edema, and stiffness, which can impair movement, make everyday tasks challenging, and even render a person disabled. Since osteoarthritis is presently incurable, researchers are working hard to find new treatments. Adult Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most common stem cells used in the therapy of OA in clinical trials. They are simple to extract for researchers from bone marrow or adipose. Depending on the kind of tissue that contains them, MSCs can develop into cartilage, bone, muscle, tendon, ligaments, or fat. For this reason, scientists are researching MSCs in OA stem cell therapies. According to research, MSCs produce substances that promote healing and reduce pain. According to some research, they may aid in reducing pain, swelling, and loss of motion when injected into a joint. Researchers conduct an examination of articles that are in accordance with the issue to be studied. Articles used in literature review are obtained through the database of international journal providers through PubMed, we investigated clinical studies and discussed what happened in these clinical studies and the extent of the effectiveness of stem cells in treatment of osteoarthritis. Different patients have responded differently to this therapy. While some people have experienced pain others have not. Research is still required to determine whether stem cell therapies for OA are effective and why some people respond to the therapy more favorably than others.
Edukasi Dampak Penggunaan Smartphone pada Remaja
Authors: Caesar David Laksamana , Wachid Abdul , Dewi Ervi Rachma , Mubaroq Muhammad Husni , Prasetyo Eko 
Published: August 2023

Prosentase penggunaan smartphone pada kalangan remaja dan anak usia sekolah sangat tinggi. Menurut hasil survey yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika tahun 2017 menunjukan > 43% remaja telah menggunakan smartphone dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penggunaan smartphone yang berlebihan dapat memberikan dampak yang negative pada remaja. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di tiga sekolah menengah di Jawa Tengah. Jumlah responden kegiatan sebanyak 450 siswa. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah ceramah dan diskusi, dengan menggunakan instrument slide presentasi dan video edukasi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan siswa sangat tertarik dengan informasi yang diberikan oleh penyaji. Terdapat umpan balik dari siswa berupa pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan dampak penggunaan smartphone, serta berbagai macam mitos dan faktanya. Harapanya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dapat menjadikan siswa lebih bijaksana dalam menggunakan smartphone.
Pelaksanaan Hypnobreasfeeding Upaya Meningkatkan Produksi ASI bagi Ibu Menyusui
Authors: Witari Ni Nyoman Deni , Dewianti Ni Made , Widiantari Kadek 
Published: August 2023

Pada masa post partum ibu banyak mengalami kejadian yang penting dimulai dari perubahan fisik, masa laktasi maupun perubahan psikologis menghadapi keluarga baru . Menyusui merupakan suatu proses alamiah. Beberapa masalah menyusui yang sering terjadi pada awal kelahiran adalah produksi ASI yang tidak adekuat. Hal ini sering menyebabkan ibu menyusui merasa cemas sehingga ibu tidak berhasil meyusui secara eksklusif. Oleh karena itu pada kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan pemberian edukasi dan pelaksanaan hynobreastfeeding yang ditujukan kepada ibu menyusui didalam mengurangi kecemasan. Hal ini dilakukan karena masih tingginya kecemasan ibu menyusui dan produksi ASI tidak lancar berdasarkan hasil assessment lapangan dan tinjauan penelitian sebelumnya. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan ibu menyusui, mengurangi kecemasan dan lebih rileks sehingga dapat meningkatkan produksi ASI. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemberian edukasi dengan media poster dan pelaksanaan hypnobreasfeeding dengan panduan video. Hasil dari pemberian edukasi dan pelaksanaan hypnobreasfeeding adalah meningkatkan kepercayaan diri ibu dalam memberikan ASI, ibu lebih rileks dan produksi ASI meningkat.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PASIEN TB DENGAN KEJADIAN TB KATEGORI 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT PARU Dr. H. A. ROTINSULU BANDUNG
Authors: Meiningtyas Diana Ayu , Hotmaida Linda , Ardayani Tri 
Published: August 2023

Pengetahuan adalah suatu hasil dari rasa keingintahuan melalui proses sensoris, terhadap objek tertentu dan terbentuknya perilaku terbuka. Sikap adalah respon tertutup seseorang terhadap stimulus/objek tertentu yang sudah melibatkan faktor pendapat dan emosi yang bersangkutan. TB kategori 2 adalah penderita TB paru yang sebelumnya pernah menjalani pengobatan karena penyebab yang berbeda harus melakukan pengobatan ulang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap pasien TB dengan kejadian TB kategori 2. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 77 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling. Hasil uji chi-square dari hubungan pengetahuan dengan kejadian TB kategori 2 memperoleh angka 0,000 yang artinya adanya hubungan diantara keduanya. Sedangkan hasil dari hubungan sikap dengan kejadian TB kategori 2 memperoleh angka 0,164 yang artinya tidak ada hubungan diantara keduanya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap pasien TB dengan kejadian TB kategori 2. Disarakan untuk membuat jadwal pemberian edukasi untuk para pasien TB kategori 2.