bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women's perspectives on resilience and research on resilience in motherhood: A qualitative study
Authors: Hannon Susan , Higgins Agnes , Daly Déirdre 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeDefinitional perspectives and operational approaches to the concept of resilience vary within the literature; however, little is known of women's opinions on current resilience research, or the philosophical and methodological directions women believe such research should take. This research explored women's perspectives on resilience research in the perinatal period and early motherhood and sought their opinions on the ways in which they believe research should be advanced.MethodsFollowing ethical approval, online interviews were conducted with 14 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse women who were mothers. Findings from a concept analysis on resilience in pregnancy and early motherhood, conducted by the authors, were shared with women before and during the interview. Interviews were organised in sections corresponding to the findings within the concept analysis' four philosophical (Epistemology, Linguistic, Logic, Pragmatic) principles and thematically analysed.ResultsEpistemology—Women endorsed a dynamic process definition, and viewed resilience as influenced by multilevel, multisystemic processes. Linguistic—Women viewed words such as ‘adaptation’ and ‘adjustment’ as being more active and empowering than the term ‘coping’ in relation to motherhood. Logic—Women were resistant to the predominant operational conceptualisation of resilience as illness absence. Pragmatic—Women were wary of resilience research being used to reduce mental health support for other mothers and families.ConclusionsWomen provided constructive criticisms on the current state of resilience literature. Women suggested actionable ways in which research may be developed to better align with the epistemological and ethical approaches women want to see in resilience and maternal mental health research.Patient or Public ContributionWomen who are mothers and participants in health research were consulted on their views of trends in mental health and resilience research in motherhood.
Effects of brushing duration on the efficacy of dental plaque removal: An in vitro study
Authors: Saghiri Mohammad Ali , Amanabi Mahsa , Vakhnovetsky Julia , Amini Saeid B. , Samadi Elham 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study was performed to evaluate the effects of varying brushing times on the dental plaque‐removal efficacy of a power toothbrush to determine the optimal length of time required to brush the teeth.MethodsA typodont with 32 teeth was divided into four quadrants and further divided into four zones each (two teeth per zone). Using a robotic arm, toothbrushing was performed over eight different brushing times (0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, and 420 s) to remove the artificial plaque applied on the labial surface of the teeth in occlusion. Photographs were taken every 60 s from each zone of the typodont. The images obtained were processed using ImageJ software to measure the percentage of remaining plaque. Data were analysed with factorial ANOVA, least squares regression analysis, and post hoc Tukey tests.ResultsPlaque removal significantly increased with brushing time across the brushing intervals studied (p < 0.05). Efficient plaque removal was achieved after 240 s of brushing. There was no significant difference in plaque accumulations between the maxillary and mandibular arch (p = 0.19) and the right and left areas after each time interval (p = 0.49).ConclusionBrushing duration is negatively correlated with the remaining plaque for a given toothbrush. Two minutes of brushing is not sufficient for significant plaque removal. Considering the limitations of this in vitro study, clinical studies are needed in order to change brushing recommendations to 240 s.
Abnormal expression and role of MicroRNA‐214‐3p/SLC8A1 in neonatal Hypoxic‐Ischaemic encephalopathy
Authors: Yang Liu , Zhang Li , Zhu Jing , Wang Yuqian , Zou Ning , Liu Zhengjuan , Wang Yingjie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNeonatal hypoxic‐ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) refers to brain damage caused by intra‐uterine distress and asphyxia/hypoxia during the perinatal and neonatal periods. MicroRNA (MiR)‐214‐3p plays a critical role in cell growth and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and role of miR‐214‐3p in neonatal HIE development, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. The expression of miR‐214‐3p was significantly down‐regulated, while that of Slc8a1, a direct target of miR‐214‐3p, was significantly up‐regulated, in the brain tissue of neonatal HIE rats. The over‐expression of miR‐214‐3p promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of neurones, while its down‐regulation had the opposite effect. Our results indicate that miR‐214‐3p expression was down‐regulated in neonatal HIE rats, and the up‐regulation of miR‐214‐3p expression protected against HIE development by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis.
A coordinated strategy for a simple, pragmatic approach to the early identification of the ultra‐high‐risk patient with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: George Hannah , Gunawardana Jay , Keane Colm , Hicks Rod J. , Gandhi Maher K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent aggressive lymphoma seen in clinical practice. Despite huge strides in understanding its biology, front‐line therapy has remained unchanged for decades. Roughly one‐third of patients have primary refractory or relapse following the end of conventional first‐line therapy. The outcome of patients with primary refractory disease and those with early relapse (defined as relapse less than 1 year from the end of therapy) is markedly inferior to those with later relapse and is exemplified by dismal overall survival. In this article, the authors term patients with features that identify them as being at particularly high‐risk for either primary refractory disease or early relapse, as ‘ultra‐high‐risk’. As new treatment options become established (e.g. bispecific T‐cell engagers, chimeric antigen receptor ‘CAR’ T‐cells and antibody–drug conjugates), it is likely that there will be a push to incorporate some of these agents into the first‐line setting for patients identified as ultra‐high‐risk. In this review, the authors outline advances in positron emission tomography, widely available laboratory assays and clinical prognosticators, which can detect a high proportion of patients with ultra‐high‐risk disease. Since these approaches are pragmatic and able to be adopted widely, they could be incorporated into routine clinical practice.
Novel use of an irrigated ablation catheter to monitor real‐time hemodynamics during ablation
Authors: Bhatia Neal K. , Iravanian Shahriar , Ravi Namita , Kiani Soroosh , Lloyd Michael S. , Westerman Stacy B. , Merchant Faisal M. , El‐Chami Mikhael F. , Hoque Azizul , Shah Anand D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionHemodynamic decompensation during catheter ablation occurs due to prolonged procedure time and irrigant delivery directly into the cardiac chambers. Real‐time hemodynamic monitoring of patients undergoing catheter ablation procedures may identify patients at risk of decompensation; we set out to assess the feasibility of a novel, real‐time, intracardiac pressure monitoring system using a standard irrigated ablation catheter.MethodsWe studied 13 consecutive who underwent pressure measurement of the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) via transeptal access with a Swan Ganz (SG) catheter followed by two commercially available irrigated ablation catheters. Pressure waveform data was extracted to compare LA peak pressure, LV peak systolic pressure, LV end‐diastolic pressure, and waveform analysis.ResultsComparison between the SG and ablation catheters (AblA; AblB) demonstrated that LV systolic pressure (0.61–16.8 mmHg; 1.32–18.2 mmHg), and LV end‐diastolic pressure (−3.4 to 2.8 mmHg; −3.0 to 3.35 mmHg) were well correlated and had accepted repeatability. Ablation waveforms demonstrated an 89.9 ± 6.4% correlation compared to SG waveforms.ConclusionPressure measurements derived from an irrigated ablation catheter are accurate and reliable when compared to an SG catheter. Further studies are needed to determine how real‐time pressure monitoring can improve outcomes during ablation procedures.
Parishin alleviates vascular ageing in mice by upregulation of Klotho
Authors: Zhao Xinxiu , Zhou Shixian , Liu Yang , Gong Caixia , Xiang Lan , Li Shumin , Wang Peixia , Wang Yuejun , Sun Linlin , Zhang Qin , Yang Yunmei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSenescence of vascular endothelial cells is the major risk of vascular dysfunction and disease among elderly people. Parishin, which is a phenolic glucoside derived from Gastrodia elata, significantly prolonged yeast lifespan. However, the action of parishin in vascular ageing remains poorly understood. Here, we treated human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and naturally aged mice by parishin. Parishin alleviated HCAEC senescence and general age‐related features in vascular tissue in naturally aged mice. Network pharmacology approach was applied to determine the compound‐target networks of parishin. Our analysis indicated that parishin had a strong binding affinity for Klotho. Expression of Klotho, a protein of age‐related declines, was upregulated by parishin in serum and vascular tissue in naturally aged mice. Furthermore, FoxO1, on Klotho/FoxO1 signalling pathway, was increased in the parishin‐intervened group, accompanied by the downregulated phosphorylated FoxO1. Taken together, parishin can increase Klotho expression to alleviate vascular endothelial cell senescence and vascular ageing.
Can low‐quality parents exploit their high‐quality partners to gain higher fitness?
Authors: Awasthi Kartikey , M. Henshaw Jonathan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn individual's optimal investment in parental care potentially depends on many variables, including its future fitness prospects, the expected costs of providing care and its partner's expected or observed parental behaviour. Previous models suggested that low‐quality parents could evolve to exploit their high‐quality partners by reducing care, leading to the paradoxical prediction that low‐quality parents could have higher fitness than their high‐quality partners. However, these studies lacked a complete and consistent life‐history model. Here, we challenge this result, developing a consistent analytical model of parental care strategies given individual variation in quality, and checking our results using agent‐based simulations. In contrast to previous models, we predict that high‐quality individuals always outcompete low‐quality individuals in fitness terms. However, care effort may differ between high‐ and low‐quality parents in either direction: low‐quality individuals care more than high‐quality individuals if their baseline mortality is higher, but less if their mortality increases more steeply with increasing care. We also highlight the ambiguity of the term ‘quality’ and stress the need for ‘genealogical consistency’ in evolutionary models.
Defining ‘obstetric haemorrhage’: Blood loss volume and severe morbidity
Authors: Wang Michelle J. , Alexander Megan , Abbas Diana , Srivastava Akanksha , Comfort Ashley , Iverson Ronald , Cabral Howard J. , Yarrington Christina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesOur goal is to describe the association between total quantitative blood loss (QBL) and risk of obstetric haemorrhage‐related morbidity (OBH‐M) to assess the utility of the current definition of obstetric haemorrhage (OBH).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study completed of all patients who had a live delivery at the only urban safety‐net hospital over a 2‐year period from 2018 to 2019. We categorized deliveries into 10 equally sized deciles based on QBL and compared the proportion with OBH‐M in each. Among the two deciles with the highest proportions of OBH‐M, we stratified deliveries into seven groups of ascending intervals of 250cc QBL. Finally, we compared the positive predictive value (PPV) of the standard definition of OBH (QBL ≥ 1000cc) to a definition extrapolated from our stratified analysis. The primary outcome was proportion of deliveries within each QBL decile affected by OBH‐M. The secondary outcome was PPV.ResultsWe found a significant increase in OBH‐M from decile 9 (895–1201cc QBL) to decile 10 (1205–8325cc QBL) (p < 0.001). In our stratified analysis, we found QBL of 1500cc to be an inflection point for an increased proportion of OBH‐M. Our secondary analysis showed an increased PPV for OBH‐M using QBL of 1500cc (20.5%) compared with that of QBL 1000cc (9.8%).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a higher QBL threshold than the currently accepted definition of OBH is more predictive of OBH‐M.
Swap variance hedging and efficiency: The role of high moments
Authors: Chow K. Victor , Li Bingxin , Wang Zhan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this article, we propose a new theoretical approach for developing hedging strategies based on swap variance (SwV). SwV is a generalized risk measure equivalent to a polynomial combination of all moments of a return distribution. Using the S&P 500 index and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil spot and futures price data, as well as simulations by varying the distribution of asset returns, we investigate the dynamic differences between hedge ratios and portfolio performances based on SwV (with high moments) and variance (without high moments). We find that, on average, the minimizing‐SwV hedging suggests more short futures contracts than minimizing‐variance hedging; however, when market conditions deteriorate, the minimizing‐SwV hedging suggests fewer short positions in futures. The superior posthedge performances of the mean‐SwV hedged portfolios over the mean‐variance hedged portfolios in highly volatile or extremely calm markets confirm the efficiency of the mean‐SwV hedging strategy.
Barriers and facilitators to goals of care conversations with Veteran residents of community nursing homes
Authors: Keddem Shimrit , Ayele Roman , Ersek Mary , Murray Andrew , Griffith Matthew , Morawej Sabrina , Kutney‐Lee Ann 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite evidence that structured goals of care conversations (GoCCs) and documentation of life‐sustaining treatment (LST) preferences improve the delivery of goal‐concordant care for seriously ill patients, rates of completion remain low among nursing home residents. The Preferences Elicited and Respected for Seriously Ill Veterans through Enhanced Decision‐Making (PERSIVED) program aims to improve the consistent documentation of LST preferences among Veterans receiving care in veterans affairs (VA)‐paid community nursing homes (CNH); however, the barriers and facilitators of completing and documenting GoCCs in this unique context of care have not been described.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured, qualitative interviews with key stakeholders of the VA CNH programs located at six VA Medical Centers between July 2021 and July 2022. With a rapid approach to analysis, interview transcripts were reduced into memo templates using the Tailored Implementation for Chronic Disease Checklist and coded and analyzed using qualitative data analysis software.ResultsThe 40 participants consisted of nurses (n = 13), social workers (n = 25), and VA physicians (n = 2). Most participants felt confident about conducting GoCC; however, several barriers were identified. At the staff level, our results indicated inconsistent completion of GoCC and documentation due to a lack of training, confusion about roles and responsibilities, and challenging communication within the VA as well as with CNH. At the organizational level, there was a lack of standardization across sites for how LST preferences were documented. At the patient level, we found key barriers related to patient and family readiness and issues finding surrogate decision makers. While COVID‐19 brought end‐of‐life issues to the forefront, lockdowns hindered communication about the goals of care.ConclusionFindings from this pre‐implementation evaluation revealed multi‐level barriers in conducting and documenting GoCCs with Veterans receiving VA‐paid CNH care, as well as several facilitators that can be used to inform strategies for improvement.
Power spectral analysis can determine language laterality from resting‐state functional MRI data in healthy controls
Authors: Ahmed Syed Rakin , Jenabi Mehrnaz , Gene Madeleine , Moreno Raquel , Peck Kyung K. , Holodny Andrei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) has been proposed as an alternative to task‐based fMRI including clinical situations such as preoperative brain tumor planning, due to advantages including ease of performance and time savings. However, one of its drawbacks is the limited ability to accurately lateralize language function.MethodsUsing the rsfMRI data of healthy controls, we carried out a power spectra analysis on three regions of interest (ROIs): Broca's area (BA) in the frontal cortex for language, hand motor (HM) area in the primary motor cortex, and the primary visual cortex (V1). Spike removal, motion correction, linear trend removal, and spatial smoothing were applied. Spontaneous low‐frequency fluctuations (0.01‐0.1 Hz) were filtered to enable functional integration.ResultsBA showed greater power on the left hemisphere relative to the right (p = .0055), while HM (p = .1563) and V1 (p = .4681) were not statistically significant. A novel index, termed the power laterality index (PLI), computed to estimate the degree of power lateralization for each brain region, revealed a statistically significant difference between BA and V1 (p < .00001), where V1 was used as a control since the primary visual cortex does not lateralize. Validation studies used to compare PLI to a laterality index computed using phonemic fluency, a task‐based, language fMRI paradigm, demonstrated good correlation.ConclusionsThe power spectra for BA revealed left language lateralization, which was not replicated in HM or V1. This work demonstrates the feasibility and validity of an ROI‐based power spectra analysis on rsfMRI data for language lateralization.
Assessment of awake bruxism by a novel bruxism screener and ecological momentary assessment among patients with masticatory muscle myalgia and healthy controls
Authors: Nykänen Laura , Manfredini Daniele , Lobbezoo Frank , Kämppi Antti , Bracci Alessandro , Ahlberg Jari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundBruxism is a masticatory muscle activity occurring during sleep or wakefulness, involving grinding and clenching of teeth and/or jaw bracing. As yet, the aetiology, epidemiology and consequences of awake bruxism (AB) are largely unknown.ObjectivesThe aims of the study were to AB behaviours using a novel bruxism screener (BruxScreen) questionnaire part and Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA; BruxApp©) on AB behaviours, and to investigate AB's prevalence among masticatory muscle myalgia patients and non‐patients.MethodsAltogether, 115 participants (masticatory myalgia patients referred to a specialist clinic (n = 67) and non‐patients (n = 46)) filled in a bruxism screener questionnaire to report bruxism behaviours and jaw symptoms. A selection of both groups did a week‐long EMA (patients n = 12, non‐patients n = 11) to report AB behaviours. The chi‐squared test was used to determine group differences in categorical variables. A logistic regression model was fitted to study the probability of AB.ResultsAccording to BruxScreen, bruxism behaviours and jaw symptoms were more frequent in patients than in non‐patients (p < .001). Based on EMA, 14.6% of the behaviour in patients was tooth clenching; for non‐patients, this was 0.5% (p < .000). Relaxed muscles were reported by patients and non‐patients at 20.6% and 56.4%, respectively (p < .021). Logistic regression, adjusted by age and sex, revealed that patients reported AB 5 times more often than non‐patients (OR 4.8, 95% CI 2.1–11.2).ConclusionAwake bruxism behaviours are significantly more frequent in masticatory muscle myalgia patients than non‐patients and associate with frequent bruxism‐related symptoms. Self‐reported teeth clenching seems to be the most significant sign of AB behaviour.
Flexural strength of high yttrium oxide‐doped monochrome and multilayered fully stabilized zirconia upon various sintered cooling rates
Authors: Uasuwan Pithiwat , Juntavee Niwut , Juntavee Apa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeFiring protocols influence the mechanical properties of dental ceramics. This study examined the impact of altering the cooling rate of mono‐ and multilayered 5 mol% yttria‐partially stabilized zirconia (5Y‐PSZ) on their strength.Materials and methodsNinety specimens (width × length × thickness = 10 × 20 × 2 mm) were prepared using 5Y‐PSZ monolayer (Mo: Cercon‐xt) and 5Y‐PSZ multilayered (Mu: Cercon‐xt ML) blocks. Randomly distributed specimens were sintered at the recommended firing schedule for three different categories of cooling rates (n = 15/group): slow (S: 5°C/min), normal (N: 35°C/min), and fast (F: 70°C/min). A universal testing machine with four‐point bending test was used to measure the flexural strength (σ). The microstructure, fracture characteristics, and chemical composition were evaluated by scanning electron microscope and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. The monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic phases were investigated using X‐ray diffraction. Two‐way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni comparisons were applied to determine the σ, (), and Weibull analysis was performed to determine the Weibull modulus (m) and characteristic strength (σ0).ResultsThe highest σ and σ0 (MPa) were seen for MuN (454.2 ± 62.0, 480.8 ± 62.9) followed by MuS (453.5 ± 52.6, 476.4 ± 54.3) and MoS (451.5 ± 44.5, 471.2 ± 46.6), whereas MuF had the lowest σ and σ0 (379.8 ± 50.2, 401.6 ± 51.3). The σ value of S‐cooling (452.5 ± 47.9) was higher than those for N‐cooling (443.4 ± 61.3) and F‐cooling (382.3 ± 58.0). The m‐value for MoS was the highest (11.4 ± 3.6), whereas that for MoF was the lowest (6.1 ± 1.6). Different cooling rates resulted in a significant difference in σ values (p < 0.05).ConclusionsS‐ and N‐cooling resulted in significantly higher flexural strength than that obtained by F‐cooling. Increasing the cooling rate of 5Y‐PSZ resulted in smaller grain size, less grain boundary integration, and higher t‐ to m‐transformation, leading to lower strength. Therefore, a slow and normal cooling rate was recommended to achieve the optimum strength for 5Y‐PSZ.