bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Assessment of Success Rate Between Silver Nanoparticle Coated and Uncoated Infra-zygomatic Bone Screws: A Split-Mouth Study
Authors: MK Anushree , AV Arun , CM Mahesh , Reddy Vinay P. , Shetty Balamohan , Joshi Naveen 
Published: May 2023

Introduction In orthodontic treatment, infra-zygomatic crest screws have been effectively used in the correction of borderline skeletal malocclusion. The success of bone screws depends on factors such as biomechanical factors, placement technique, and microbial factors. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the success rate as well as assess the microbiota of silver nanoparticle coated and uncoated infra zygomatic crest (IZC) screws on clinical application. Method A sample of 36 stainless steel IZC screws was divided into 2 groups. Group I- Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) coated (n = 18) and group II uncoated (n = 18). A total of 18 patients (4 male, 14 female; mean age 22.58±3.52) received IZC screws (coated or uncoated) via a double-blind, split-mouth design. The success rate was evaluated based on the stability of IZC screws. And also molecular analysis was carried out using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism complemented with cloning and identification of species. Results The success rate was higher in group I (77.80%) than in group II (50.00%). The mean rank for terminal restriction fragments in AgNP coated group (14.92%) was significantly lower than the uncoated group (22.08%) (P<0.05). The cloning results revealed a major difference in the predominant species composition between AgNP-coated (Prevotella oris sp.) and uncoated IZC screw (Capnocytophaga leadbetteri). Conclusion The success rate for AgNP-coated IZC screws was higher compared to uncoated screws, while predominant bacteria present in coated and uncoated samples were found to be of different biological significance which needs to be explored subsequently.
Fiat Lux: Light and Pedagogy for the 21st Century
Authors: Lech James C. , Halma Matthew T.J. , Obajuluwa Adejoke O. , Baker Malcolm , Hamblin Michael R. 
Published: May 2023

Background The relationship between the quality of the learning environment and student outcomes is receiving more serious attention from educational psychologists, neurologists, ophthalmologists, orthopedists, surgeons, oncologists, architects, ergonomists, nutritionists, and Michelin star chefs. There is a role for ergonomic office and school design to positively impact worker and student productivity, and one design attribute drawing attention is the indoor lit environment. In this review, we expand upon the role that light plays in education, as it has enabled millions of pupils to read at late hours, which were previously too dark. However, still unappreciated is the biological effects of artificial light on circadian rhythm and its subsequent impacts on health and learning outcomes. Summary This review describes the current state of light in the educational environment, its impact, and the effect of certain inexpensive and easy-to-implement adaptations to better support student growth, learning and development. We find that the current lighting environment for pupils is sub-optima based on biological mechanism and may be improved through cost effective interventions. These interventions can achieve greater biological harmonization and improve learner outcomes. Key Message The impact of the lighting environment in educational institutions on pupil biology has received minimal attention thus far. The current lighting environment in schools is not conducive to student health and educational performance. Cost-effective approaches can have an outsized impact on student health and educational attainment. We strongly recommend educational institutions take the lit environment into account when designing educational programs.
Addition of a Buccinator Musculomucosal Flap Improves Surgical Outcomes of Conventional two-Flap Palatoplasty: A Comparative Study
Authors: Yaguchi Kiichiro , Noguchi Masahiko , Fujita Kenya , Nagai Fumio , Yuzuriha Shunsuke 
Published: May 2023

Objective The surgical outcomes of novel two-flap palatoplasty adding a buccinator musculomucosal flap were compared with those of conventional two-flap palatoplasty to clarify the effects of lengthening the nasal mucosa of the soft palate using a BMMF in cleft lip and palate or cleft palate cases. Design Retrospective, comparative study Setting Tertiary, cleft team Patients Non-syndromic patients undergoing primary cleft palate repair using two-flap palatoplasty with BMMF (BMMF group) or conventional two-flap palatoplasty (non-BMMF group) Interventions Palatoplasty between January 2012 and March 2020 Main Outcome Measures Perceptual Japanese speech evaluation, rate of an indication for additional speech surgery (AS), rate of incidence of oronasal fistula (IF) including spontaneously closing fistula, and rate of occurrence of oronasal fistula (OF) present for more than 3 months. Results Of 92 analyzed patients, 70 received two-flap palatoplasty with BMMF and 22 received two-flap palatoplasty. In the BMMF and non-BMMF groups, the respective percentage of hypernasality (no, mild) was 91.4% and 77.2%, no nasal emission was 71.4% and 63.6%, velopharyngeal function (competent, borderline competent) was 83.7% and 77.4%, intelligibility (very good, good) was 93.7% and 86.4%, AS was 1.4% and 13.6%, IF was 7.1% and 36.4%, and OF was 1.4% and 9.1%. Significant improvements were observed for AS (p  =  0.0412) and IF (p  =  0.00195) in the BMMF group, with no recorded major adverse effects. Conclusion Adding a BMMF on the nasal side of the soft palate to conventional two-flap palatoplasty significantly improved postoperative outcomes. This approach may therefore be a good option for cleft palate treatment.
Morphological and functional assessment of the tear film and meibomian glands in keratoconus
Authors: Uçakhan Ömür Ö. , Özcan Gökçen 
Published: May 2023

Purpose To evaluate morphological and functional state of the meibomian glands (MG) in keratoconus patients. Methods One hundred eyes of 100 keratoconus patients and 100 eyes of 100 age-matched control subjects were included into this study. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, non-invasive break up time (NIBUT), findings of meibography, staining with fluorescein of the ocular surface, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and Schirmer I test were documented in all patients’ eyes and control eyes and were compared between the groups . Results The mean TBUT and NIBUT were significantly lower, corneal staining and OSDI scores were statistically greater in the keratoconus group (p < 0.05). The mean meiboscore, partial gland, gland dropout and gland thickening scores for upper/lower eyelids were significantly greater in keratoconus patients than controls (p < 0.05). The NIBUT measurements significantly correlated with MG loss in upper/lower eyelids (p < 0.05). The severity of keratoconus seemed to correlate with meiboscore, partial gland, gland thickening scores in upper/lower eyelids. Conclusion Our data suggests that corneal ectasia in keratoconus is related with alterations in ocular surface, tear film function and MG morphology. Early screening and treatment of MG dysfunction may improve ocular surface quality and allow better disease management in keratoconus patients.
Labour market status and mortality risk: The Finnmark cohort study 1987–2017
Authors: Jakobsen Monika Dybdahl , Braaten Tonje 
Published: May 2023

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the age-varying mortality risk associated with different labour market status categories. Methods: Data from a population-based survey carried out among adults aged 30–62 years in Finnmark in 1987/1988 were linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry to identify all deaths occurring by December 2017. We used flexible parametric survival models to examine the age-varying associations between different labour market status categories (no paid work/homemaker, part-time work, full-time work, unemployment benefits, sick leave/rehabilitation allowance, and disability pension) and mortality. Results: Men with part-time work, unemployment benefits, sick leave/rehabilitation allowance, or disability pension had an increased mortality risk compared with men with full-time work; however, these findings were restricted to ages below 60–70 years, varying with labour market status category. For women, excess mortality was linked to disability pension in the younger age groups; in older age groups it was linked to the labour market status category no paid work/homemaker. Non-employment was associated with low education level compared with full-time employment. Conclusions: The study showed increased mortality risk for some non-employment categories, with decreasing relative risk with age. Our findings suggest that the increased mortality risk is partly explained by health, pre-existing illnesses, and health-related behaviour and partly by other factors, such as social network and economic factors.
Unsatisfactory post-operative trauma imaging is predictive of revision surgery
Authors: Atkin Ben , Choudri Mohammed , Nandra Rajpal , Fenton Paul , Hindle Paul 
Published: May 2023

Introduction This study aimed to assess the relationship between immediate post-operative imaging and the risk of revision surgery for mechanical failure, as well as to determine the effect of routine peer review of post-operative imaging on the rate of unsatisfactory radiological outcomes and revision surgery. Methods Two trauma fellowship-trained consultants reviewed all post-operative images prior to the department adopting a metalwork multidisciplinary team and judged whether the surgery was satisfactory or not. Trauma lists and imaging were reviewed for a 90-day follow-up period to determine if a patient had required revision surgery. Following analysis a daily review was introduced where a consensus decision was reached regarding the fixation. A further 90-day follow-up period was utilised to determine the subsequent rate of revision surgery. Results In the first cohort 977 cases were identified with an overall revision rate of 2.5%, 875 cases having satisfactory imaging (89.6%) and 102 unsatisfactory (10.4%). Revision rates were 0.5% and 19.6%, respectively. Following introduction of the daily peer review process 709 cases were identified with an overall revision rate of 1.6%, 664 cases had satisfactory imaging (93.7%) and 45 unsatisfactory (6.3%). Revision rates were 0.5% and 17.8%, respectively. Patients with unsatisfactory imaging were significantly more likely to require a revision ( p < 0.0001). There was a significant drop of 4% in the rate of unsatisfactory imaging between the two cohorts. Conclusion Unsatisfactory post-trauma imaging can be predictive of the need for revision surgery and peer review of imaging should form part of continuous clinical governance.
Talking Lines: A Research Protocol Integrating Verbal and Visual Narratives to Understand the Experiences of People Affected by Rarer Forms of Dementia
Authors: Camic Paul M. , Rossi-Harries Sam , Harding Emma , Harrison Charles R. , Sullivan Mary Pat , Grillo Adetola , Brotherhood Emilie V. , Crutch Sebastian J. 
Published: May 2023

People affected by rarer forms of dementia often have a long and difficult experience obtaining a diagnosis and appropriate support, impacting family, employment and social relationships, quality of life and wellbeing. For this population progressive cognitive symptoms affect skills other than memory and disproportionately occur under the age of 65 years, often resulting in misdiagnosis and lack of appropriate care pathways. The objective of this study will be to better understand the subjective experience of the time period from first noticing symptoms to obtaining a formal diagnosis, through to accessing support, and onward to the present time. Through the concurrent use of line drawings and video-recorded interviews we will collect the stories of people living with different rarer dementias and/or family members who are care partners in Canada and the United Kingdom. Narrative and visual analysis will be used in parallel to methodologically explore how line drawing and verbal discourse interact and inform each other to construct knowledge, and how the use of drawing lines might enrich research interviews and increase accessibility of research participation. This novel research approach may also have implications for clinical interviewing, support services, and public engagement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to retrospectively explore over time the experiences of people affected by rarer forms of dementia from initial symptoms—to diagnosis—to accessing support—to the present, using visual and verbal methodologies.
Role of ultrasonography for evaluation of nerve recovery in repaired median nerve lacerations
Authors: Toros Tulgar , Isin Beray Kelesoglu , Erol Kubilay , Cetinkol Erkin 
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to investigate whether ultrasonographic inspection of the repair site of median nerve lacerations may provide useful evidence about the functional outcome in the affected hand. Forty-three patients with complete transection of the median nerve at the distal forearm were examined at a median of 40.9 months after operation by detailed ultrasonographic imaging and clinical assessment of the affected hand by the Michigan Hand Questionnaire and Rosén-Lundborg Protocol to investigate the quality of nerve healing. The continuity of individual nerve fascicles was assessed and the cross-sectional area of the enlarged nerve at the repair site was measured and compared with the contralateral median nerve at the same level. An enlargement ratio for the repair site of each nerve was calculated and compared with the numeric results obtained from the two clinical tests. A statistically significant reverse correlation was observed between nerve enlargement and the functional results of the repaired nerve. Level of evidence: IV
The effect of ureteropelvic junction obstruction and pyeloplasty on somatic growth during infancy
Authors: Kord Eyal , Neeman Binyamin B , Perez Dolev , Chertin Boris , Zisman Amnon , Neheman Amos 
Published: May 2023

Background: Evidence regarding the impact of perinatal ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and surgical correction during infancy, on somatic growth are scarce. Understanding these impacts could help advise parents and aid in treatment decision making. Objectives: To assess the impact of unilateral UPJO and surgical correction on somatic growth in infants diagnosed antenatally and treated during infancy. Design: A retrospective bi-institutional analysis of somatic growth in patients under 2 years who underwent dismembered pyeloplasty for the treatment of UPJO was conducted. Methods: We evaluated patients who were diagnosed with unilateral hydronephrosis during pre-natal ultrasound screening for detection of fetal anomalies between May 2015 and October 2020. The height and weight of patients who were diagnosed with UPJO were recorded at the age of 1 month, time of surgery, and 6 months after surgery. Standard deviation scores (SDSs) for height and weight were calculated and compared. Results: Forty-eight patients under the age of 2 years were included in the analysis. Median age and weight at pyeloplasty were 6.9 months and 7.5 kg. At 1 month, the median SDS for weight in the entire cohort was –0.30 [interquartile range (IQR): –1.0 to 0.63] and the median SDS for height was –0.26 (IQR: –1.08 to 0.52). In 22.9% of patients (11/48), weight and height were below –1 age-appropriate standard deviations, and 6.3% (3/48) were below –2 standard deviations, suggesting growth restriction. When comparing SDS for the entire cohort, there was no significant difference corelated to measurement time or effect of surgery. In the growth restricted cohort, we found a significant improvement in linear growth for height, which was demonstrated between birth and surgery as well as after surgery. Conclusion: Infants with unilateral UPJO diagnosed antenatally as a single anomaly may be at an increased risk of somatic growth restriction in comparison with the general population. In children with growth restriction at time of birth, height seems to improve regardless of surgical treatment. Pyeloplasty during infancy does not seem to negatively affect somatic growth. These findings can be used to counsel parents regarding the potential effects of UPJO and pyeloplasty.
Two New Sesquiterpene Glycosides from Fissistigma balansae Merr
Authors: Tham Pham T , Trang Do T , Tai Bui H , Kiem Phan V 
Published: May 2023

Objective Plants of Fissistigma balansae have been used for the treatment of stomachache in Vietnamese traditional medicinal remedies. This study reports 2 new sesquiterpene glycosides from the methanol extract of its branches. Methods The sample was extracted with MeOH and the crude extract obtained was suspended in H2O and extracted with EtOAc. This extract was fractionated by various chromatographic methods to yield 2 new sesquiterpene glycosides. The structures of the isolates were determined by NMR spectroscopy and HRESI mass spectra. Results From the methanol extract of F balansae branches, 2 new sesquiterpene glycosides, named fissbalanoside A (1) and fissbalanoside B (2), have been isolated and their chemical structures evaluated. Compounds 1 and 2 weakly inhibited NO production with IC50 values of 52.12  ±  1.78 and 65.27  ±  1.82 µM, respectively.
Does Headgear Prevent Sport-Related Concussion? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Including 6311 Players and 173,383 Exposure Hours
Authors: Al Attar Wesam Saleh A. , Mahmoud Hayam , Alfadel Abdulaziz , Faude Oliver 
Published: May 2023

Context: A sport-related concussion (SRC) is a traumatic brain injury that is caused by biomechanical stresses and results in a complex pathophysiological process in the brain. Some in the sporting community believe that headgear (HG) can prevent SRC, and several professional Australian sports organizations, including rugby, football, and soccer clubs, recommend its use. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine whether HG is effective in lowering the prevalence of SRC in sports. Data Sources: A systematic search for related studies published between 1985 and 2023 was conducted using the following databases: Cochrane Library, AMED, PubMed, Web of Science, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). Study Selection: Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effectiveness of HG in reducing SRC rate were included. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs. Level of Evidence: Level 1a. Data Extraction: Two researchers independently completed the title and abstract search and performed full-text reviews. A third reviewer was consulted to reach a consensus if any discrepancies were noted. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included RCTs. Data recorded from each study included authors, year of publication, type and number of players, study design, duration of the study, injury rate, compliance (%), sports/level, and exposure hours. Results: The pooled results of 6311 players and 173,383 exposure hours showed 0% SRC reduction per 1000 hours of exposure in the experimental group compared with the control group, with an injury risk ratio of 1.03 (95% CI, 0.82-1.30; P = 0.79). Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that HG does not prevent SRC among soccer and rugby players, and therefore the findings from this meta-analysis do not currently support the use of HG to prevent SRC in soccer or rugby.
Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced 3D FLAIR sequence in acute optic neuritis
Authors: Panyaping Theeraphol , Tunlayadechanont Padcha , Jindahra Panitha , Cheecharoen Piyaphon 
Published: May 2023

Purpose Contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence of the brain has the potential for detecting optic nerve abnormality. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of whole-brain contrast-enhanced three-dimensional FLAIR with fat suppression (CE 3D FLAIR FS) sequence in detecting acute optic neuritis to dedicated orbit MRI and clinical diagnosis. Materials and Methods Twenty-two patients with acute optic neuritis who underwent whole-brain CE-3D-FLAIR FS and dedicated orbit MRI were retrospectively included. The hypersignal FLAIR of the optic nerve on whole-brain CE-3D-FLAIR FS, enhancement, and hypersignal T2W on orbit images were assessed. The optic nerve to frontal white matter signal intensity ratio on CE-FLAIR FS was calculated as maximum signal intensity ratio (SIR) and mean SIR. Results Twenty-six hypersignals of optic nerves were found on CE-FLAIR FS from 30 pathologic nerves. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of CE FLAIR FS brain and dedicated orbital images for diagnosing acute optic neuritis were 77%, 93%, 96%, 65%, and 82% and 83%, 93%, 96%, 72%, and 86%, respectively. Optic nerve to frontal white matter SIR of the affected optic nerves was higher than that of normal optic nerves. Using a cutoff maximum SIR of 1.24 and cutoff mean SIR of 1.16, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 93%, 86%, 93%, 80%, and 89% and 93%, 86%, 93%, 86%, and 91%, respectively. Conclusion The hypersignal of the optic nerve on whole-brain CE 3D FLAIR FS sequence has qualitative and quantitative diagnostic potential in patients with acute optic neuritis.
Analysis of the 50 Most Cited Articles on Achilles Tendon Injury
Authors: Sgadari Arianna , Izzo Antonio , Smeraglia Francesco , Coviello Antonio , Patel Shelain , Mariconda Massimo , Bernasconi Alessio 
Published: May 2023

Background: Achilles tendon injuries represent one of the most common reasons for referral to orthopaedic surgeons. Purpose: To outline the characteristics, examine trends in publication, and evaluate the correlation between citations and study quality of the 50 most cited articles on Achilles tendon injury. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: After searching the Web of Science for articles published in orthopaedic journals, we identified the 50 most cited articles on Achilles tendon injury and abstracted their characteristics. Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS). Multiple bivariate analyses (Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient) were used to evaluate the association among number of citations, citation rate (citations/year), 2020 journal impact factor (JIF), year of publication, level of evidence (LoE), study type (tendon rupture or chronic tendinopathy), sample size, and mCMS. Results: The top 50 articles were cited 12,194 times. Each article had a mean ± SD 244 ± 88.8 citations (range, 157-657) and a citation rate of 12.6 ± 5.4 per year (range, 3-28). A total of 35 studies (70%) were published between 2000 and 2010. The citation rate of the 16 most recent studies was almost double that of the 16 oldest studies (17.5 vs 9.9; P < .001). Nineteen studies (49%) were classified as having poor quality (mCMS <50 points). The mean JIF of the 9 journals that published the studies was 5.1. The citation rate correlated with the number of citations ( r = 0.56; P < .001), publication year ( r = 0.60; P < .001), and LoE ( r = –0.44; P = .005). The publication year correlated with the LoE ( r = –0.40; P = .01). Study quality in terms of mCMS correlated with the JIF ( r = 0.35; P = .03) and LoE ( r = –0.48; P = .003) but not the citation rate ( P = .15). Conclusion: The mean LoE and the citation rate of the most cited articles on Achilles tendon injury both significantly increased over time. Although the JIF was positively correlated with study quality, almost half of the studies had poor-quality methodology.