bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between detectable circulating tumor DNA and tumor glucose uptake measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ottestad Anine Larsen , Johansen Håkon , Halvorsen Tarje Onsøien , Dai Hong Yan , Wahl Sissel Gyrid Freim , Emdal Elisabeth Fritzke , Grønberg Bjørn Henning 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The low level of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the blood is a well-known challenge for the application of liquid biopsies in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) management. Studies of metastatic NSCLC indicate that ctDNA levels are associated with tumor metabolic activity as measured by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). This study investigated this association in NSCLC patients considered for potentially curative treatment and explored whether the two methods provide independent prognostic information.

Method
Patients with stage I-III NSCLC who had routinely undergone an 18F-FDG PET/CT scan and exploratory ctDNA analyses were included. Tumor glucose uptake was measured by maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) from the 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. ctDNA detectability and quantity, using variant allele frequency, were estimated by tumor-informed ctDNA analyses.

Results
In total, 63 patients (median age 70 years, 60% women, and 90% adenocarcinoma) were included. The tumor glucose uptake (SUVmax, MTV, and TLG) was significantly higher in patients with detectable ctDNA (n = 19, p < 0.001). The ctDNA quantity correlated with MTV (Spearman’s ρ = 0.53, p = 0.021) and TLG (Spearman’s ρ = 0.56, p = 0.013) but not with SUVmax (Spearman’s ρ = 0.034, p = 0.15). ctDNA detection was associated with shorter OS independent of MTV (HR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.07–6.82, p = 0.035) and TLG (HR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.06–6.51, p = 0.036). Patients with high tumor glucose uptake and detectable ctDNA had shorter overall survival and progression-free survival than those without detectable ctDNA, though these associations were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
There was a positive correlation between plasma ctDNA quantity and MTV and TLG in early-stage NSCLC patients. Despite the correlation, the results indicated that ctDNA detection was a negative prognostic factor independent of MTV and TLG.
Active involvement of people with lived experience of suicide in suicide research: a Delphi consensus study
Authors: Krysinska Karolina , Ozols Ingrid , Ross Anna , Andriessen Karl , Banfield Michelle , McGrath Martina , Edwards Bronwen , Hawgood Jacinta , Kõlves Kairi , Ross Victoria , Pirkis Jane 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The importance and value of involvement of people with lived experience of suicide has been recognized in suicide research and prevention. Nonetheless, clear guidance on research collaboration and co-production is lacking. This study aimed to address this gap by developing a set of guidelines on active involvement of people with lived experience of suicide in suicide studies., i.e., conducting research with or by people with lived experience, rather than to, about or for them.

Methods
The Delphi method was used to determine statements on best practice for the active involvement of people with lived experience of suicide in suicide research. Statements were compiled through a systematic search of the scientific and grey literature, and reviewing qualitative data from a recent related study conducted by the authors. Two expert panels: people with lived experience of suicide (n = 44) and suicide researchers (n = 29) rated statements over three rounds of an online survey. Statements endorsed by at least 80% of panellists of each panel were included in the guidelines.

Results
Panellists endorsed 96 out of 126 statements in 17 sections covering the full research cycle from deciding on the research question and securing funding, to conducting research and disseminating and implementing outcomes. Overall, there was a substantial level of agreement between the two panels regarding support from research institutions, collaboration and co-production, communication and shared decision making, conducting research, self-care, acknowledgment, and dissemination and implementation. However, panels also disagreed on specific statements regarding representativeness and diversity, managing expectations, time and budgeting, training, and self-disclosure.

Conclusions
This study identified consensus recommendations on active involvement of people with lived experience of suicide in suicide research, including co-production. Support from research institutions and funders, and training on co-production for researchers and people with lived experience, are needed for successful implementation and uptake of the guidelines.
Development of the non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (NPEP) knowledge scale among Chinese men who have sex with men
Authors: Li Haochu , Wei Ran , Weinstein Traci L. , Kim Eunsook , Jacques-Tiura Angela J. , Ning Xiaofu , Ma Wei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Nonoccupational post-exposure prophylaxis (NPEP) is a short course of medication taken to reduce the likelihood of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection upon exposure. A review of the literature demonstrates an urgent need for an empirically validated instrument that measures detailed knowledge of NPEP among the key population of men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods
Semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and a cross-sectional survey with a sample of 419 MSM was conducted in 2018 in China to develop and psychometrically evaluate the new instrument, the NPEP Knowledge Scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, differential item functioning analyses, and structural equation modeling were conducted using Mplus 7.4.

Results
The NPEP Knowledge Scale demonstrated excellent reliability and validity. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.903. The range of item R2 were 0.527–0.969, p’s < 0.001. Model estimated inter-item correlations ranged between 0.534 and 0.968. In addition, HIV knowledge, NPEP use, and NPEP knowledge were all significantly correlated.

Conclusions
The NPEP Knowledge Scale is suitable for research, program evaluation, and clinical and community services that require using NPEP to minimize the ever-present risk of new HIV infections.
Alcohol consumption and risky sexual behaviors among fishers in Elmina in Ghana
Authors: Kyei-Arthur Frank , Kyei-Gyamfi Sylvester 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol consumption is part of human social behavior and constitutes a routine part of social life in many countries. Prior studies have found over-indulgence of fishers in alcohol in fishing communities. The study uses the Alcohol Myopia Theory (AMT) to analyze and explain the phenomena of fishers engaging in sex after alcohol consumption, and condom use with sexual partner(s) after alcohol consumption. The study investigated alcohol consumption, predictors of alcohol consumption, and the reasons for drinking alcohol among fishers. It also examined fishers’ engagement in sex after alcohol consumption, the use of condoms with sexual partners after drinking alcohol, and predictors of the use of condoms with sexual partners after drinking alcohol.MethodsA cross-sectional convergent parallel mixed-method design was used to study 385 fishers in Elmina. Also, two focus group discussions were conducted among male and female fishers. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data, while the qualitative data was analyzed thematically.ResultsGenerally, 59.2% of participants indulged in alcohol consumption. Most male participants (70.6%) indulged in alcohol consumption than female participants (48.5%). Also, 48.5% of participants indulged in binge alcohol consumption, while 38.1% indulged in moderate alcohol consumption. The predictors of alcohol consumption were sex, religion, and type of fishing occupation. Participants identified consuming alcohol to kill loneliness and boredom, to forget family and work-related issues, and to have fun as reasons why fishers consume alcohol. Sixty-four percent of participants have ever engaged in sexual intercourse after consuming alcohol in the past 12 months. However, 70% of participants did not use a condom the last time they had sex after drinking alcohol. Only ethnicity of participants predicted their use of a condom the last time they had sex after drinking alcohol. The primary reasons for the non-use of condoms were do not like using condoms (37.9%), forgetting to use a condom (33.0%), and had sex with a trusted regular partner (15.5%).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that alcohol consumption was prevalent among fishers, especially among male fishers, which contributes to risky sexual behaviors among them as espoused by the AMT. It is recommended that fishers are targeted for alcohol use and risky sexual behavior programs and interventions since alcohol use is prevalent among them and most of them also engage in unprotected sexual intercourse after consuming alcohol.
Prescription drug monitoring programs use mandates and prescription stimulant and depressant quantities
Authors: Gunadi Christian , Shi Yuyan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
While the mandate to check patients’ prescription history in Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) database before prescribing/dispensing controlled drugs has been shown to be an important tool to curb opioid abuse, less is known about whether the mandate can reduce the misuse of other commonly abused prescription drugs. We examined whether PDMP use mandates were associated with changes in prescription stimulant and depressant quantities.

Methods
Using data from Automated Reports and Consolidate Ordering System (ARCOS), we employed difference-in-differences design to estimate the association between PDMP use mandates and prescription stimulant and depressant quantities in 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia from 2006 to 2020. Limited PDMP use mandate was specific only to opioids or benzodiazepines. Expansive PDMP use mandate was non-specific to opioid or benzodiazepine and required prescribers/dispensers to check PDMP when prescribing/dispensing targeted controlled substances in Schedule II-V. The main outcomes were population-adjusted prescription stimulant (amphetamine, methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine) and depressant (amobarbital, butalbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital) quantities in grams.

Results
There was no evidence that limited PDMP use mandate was associated with a reduction in the prescription stimulant and depressant quantities. However, expansive PDMP use mandate that was non-specific to opioid or benzodiazepine and required prescribers/dispensers to check PDMP when prescribing/dispensing targeted controlled substances in Schedule II-V was associated with 6.2% (95% CI: -10.06%, -2.08%) decline in prescription amphetamine quantity.

Conclusion
Expansive PDMP use mandate was associated with a decline in prescription amphetamine quantity. Limited PDMP use mandate did not appear to change prescription stimulant and depressant quantities.
Associations between exposure to sexual abuse, substance use, adverse health outcomes, and use of youth health services among Norwegian adolescents
Authors: Stea TH , Steigen AM , Dangmann CR , Granrud MD , Bonsaksen T 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
A strong association between sexual abuse and adverse health outcomes has been reported among adolescents. The present study aimed to provide more information about adverse health outcomes associated with sexual abuse and substance use, and to examine the use of youth health services among Norwegian adolescents.

Methods
National representative cross-sectional study among 16–19-year-old Norwegian adolescents (n = 9784). Multivariable regression analyses, adjusted for socioeconomic status and age, were used to examine the association between exposure to sexual abuse, substance use and health risk factors, and the use of youth health services.

Results
Adolescents exposed to sexual abuse had higher odds of depressive symptoms (males: OR:3.8; 95% CI:2.5–5.8, females: 2.9;2.4–3.5), daily headache (males: 5.3;2.8–10.1, females:1.9; 1.5–2.4), high medication use (males: 3.2;1.7-6.0, females: 2.0;1.6–2.6), self-harm (males: 3.8;2.4-6.0, females:3.2; 2.6–3.9), suicidal thoughts (males: 3.3; 2.2-5.0, females:3.0; 2.5–3.6) and suicide attempts (males: 9.5;5.6–16.0, females:3.6;2.7–4.9). Furthermore, exposure to sexual abuse was associated with higher odds of using school health services (males: 3.9;2.6–5.9, females: 1.6;1.3–1.9) and health services for youth (males: 4.8;3.1–7.6, females: 2.1;1.7–2.5). In general, substance use was associated with increased odds of adverse health related outcomes and use of youth health services, but the strength of the relationships varied according to sex. Finally, results indicated a significant interaction between sexual abuse and smoking that was associated with increased odds of having suicidal thoughts for males (2.6;1.1–6.5) but a decreased odds of having suicidal thoughts and have conducted suicide attempts once or more for females (0.6;0.4-1.0 and 0.5;0.3–0.9, respectively).

Conclusions
The present study confirmed a strong relationship between exposure to sexual abuse and health risks, especially among males. Moreover, males exposed to sexual abuse were much more likely to use youth health services compared to sexually abused females. Substance use was also associated with adverse health outcomes and use of youth health services, and interactions between sexual abuse and smoking seemed to influence risk of suicidal thoughts and attempts differently according to sex. Results from this study increase knowledge about possible health related effects of sexual abuse which should be used to identify victims and provide targeted treatment by youth health services.
Incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Maosheng , Zhu Chao , Ye Yujin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Acute exacerbation (AE) is a devastating complication of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) and leads to high mortality. This study aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (AE-RA-ILD).

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Medline were searched through 8 February 2023. Two independent researchers selected eligible articles and extracted available data. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of studies used for meta-analysis. The incidence and prognosis of AE-RA-ILD were investigated. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were calculated to explore the risk factors of AE in RA-ILD.

Results
Twenty-one of 1,589 articles were eligible. A total of 385 patients with AE-RA-ILD, of whom 53.5% were male, were included. The frequency of AE in patients with RA-ILD ranged from 6.3 to 55.6%. The 1-year and 5-year AE incidences were 2.6–11.1% and 11–29.4%, respectively. The all-cause mortality rate of AE-RA-ILD was 12.6–27.9% at 30 days and 16.7–48.3% at 90 days. Age at RA diagnosis (WMD: 3.61, 95% CI: 0.22–7.01), male sex (OR: 1.60, 95% CI:1.16–2.21), smoking (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.08–2.08), lower forced vital capacity predicted (FVC%; WMD: −8.63, 95% CI: −14.68 to − 2.58), and definite usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.15–3.22) were the risk factors of AE-RA-ILD. Moreover, the use of corticosteroids, methotrexate, and biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, was not associated with AE-RA-ILD.

Conclusion
AE-RA-ILD was not rare and had a poor prognosis. Age at RA diagnosis, male sex, smoking, lower FVC%, and definite UIP pattern increased the risk of AE-RA-ILD. The use of medications, especially methotrexate and biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, may not be related to AE-RA-ILD.

Registration
CRD42023396772.
Rehabilitation progress following reverse total shoulder replacement and internal fixation for geriatric three and four-part proximal humerus fractures – a propensity score matched comparison
Authors: Tong Chi Him , Fang Christian Xinshuo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Proximal humerus fracture is one of the most common fractures in the elderly population. However, in patients with complex fracture patterns, there is still no general consensus in the best treatment method. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes between those treated with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF).

Methods
All geriatric patients (> 60 years of age) with proximal humerus fractures undergoing surgical treatment were analysed. There were 25 patients treated with rTSA and 75 with ORIF. Propensity score matching was used to select 25 matching patients from the ORIF group according to age and gender. All patients underwent surgical intervention within 7 days (mean 3.8 days). All patients followed a protocol-driven rehabilitation programme with outcome assessment at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Constant score, qDASH, range of motion, rate of complications and revision surgery were recorded and compared.

Results
Twenty-five rTSA were age and gender matched with 25 ORIF patients. The average age of patients in rTSA and ORIF groups were 77.0 years and 75.2 years respectively. At 3 months, mean Constant score was 37.7 (rTSA) vs 45.5 (ORIF) (p = 0.099). Mean qDASH score was 50.6 (rTSA) vs 29.4 (ORIF) (p = 0.003). Mean forward flexion range was 72.9° (rTSA) vs 94.4° (ORIF) (p = 0.007). Mean abduction range was 64.0° (rTSA) vs 88.6° (ORIF) (p = 0.001). At 2 years, mean Constant score was 72.8 (rTSA) vs 70.8 (ORIF) (p = 0.472). Mean qDASH score was 4.50 (rTSA) vs 11.0 (ORIF) (p = 0.025). Mean forward flexion range was 143° (rTSA) vs 109° (ORIF) (p < 0.001). Mean abduction range was 135° (rTSA) vs 110° (ORIF) (p = 0.025). There was a higher number of complications observed for ORIF (3) than rTSA (1) (p = 0.297) and a higher number of re-operations for ORIF (3) than rTSA (1) (p = 0.297), which was not statistically significant.

Conclusion
rTSA appears to yield a slower recovery at 3 months but a better outcome at 2 years. It is a promising treatment for geriatrics with three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures aiming for a better long-term functional outcome.
The associations of depression, anxiety, and insomnia at baseline with disability at a five-year follow-up point among outpatients with chronic low back pain: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Le-Yung , Fu Tsai-Sheng , Tsia Mei-Chu , Hung Ching-I 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
No previous study has investigated the associations of depression, anxiety, and insomnia at baseline with disability at a five-year follow-up point among outpatients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). The study aimed to simultaneously compare the associations of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality at baseline with disability at a 5-year follow-up point among patients with CLBP.

Methods
Two-hundred and twenty-five subjects with CLBP were enrolled at baseline, and 111 subjects participated at the five-year follow-up point. At follow-up, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and total months of disability (TMOD) over the past five years were used as the indices of disability. The depression (HADS-D) and anxiety (HADS-A) subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were used to assess depression, anxiety, and insomnia at baseline and follow-up. Multiple linear regression was employed to test the associations.

Results
The scores of the HADS-D, HADS-A, and ISI were correlated with the ODI at the same time points (both at baseline and follow-up). A greater severity on the HADS-D, an older age, and associated leg symptoms at baseline were independently associated with a greater ODI at follow-up. A greater severity on the HADS-A and fewer educational years at baseline were independently associated with a longer TMOD. The associations of the HADS-D and HADS-A at baseline with disability at follow-up were greater than that of the ISI at baseline, based on the regression models.

Conclusion
Greater severities of depression and anxiety at baseline were significantly associated with greater disability at the five-year follow-up point. The associations of depression and anxiety at baseline with disability at the long-term follow-up point might be greater than that of insomnia at baseline.
High expression of IL4I1 is correlated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration in thyroid cancer
Authors: Zhu Liying , Wang Jun , Hu Jia’an 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Thyroid cancer-related deaths mostly result from metastasis. It was reported that the immunometabolism associated enzyme interleukin-4-induced-1 (IL4I1) was related to tumor metastasis. The present study was intended to investigate the effects of IL4I1 on thyroid cancer metastasis and its relationship with the prognosis.

Methods
Data from Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were analyzed to find out the different mRNA expressions of IL4I1 between thyroid cancer and normal tissues. And Human Protein Atlas (HPA) was used to assess IL4I1 protein expression. To further differentiate thyroid cancer from normal tissues and estimate the impact of IL4I1 on the prognosis, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and Kaplan–Meier (KM) method was performed. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was established using STRING, and functional enrichment analyses were conducted by “clusterProfiler” package. Then, we assayed the correlation between IL4I1 and some related molecules. The relationship between IL4I1 and immune infiltration was performed using “Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA)” package in TCGA and tumor-immune system interaction database (TISIDB). Finally, we did in vitro experiments in order to further prove the bioeffects of IL4I1 on metastasis.

Results
The expression of IL4I1 mRNA and IL4I1 protein was significantly upregulated in thyroid cancer tissues. The increment of IL4I1 mRNA expression was related to high-grade malignancy, lymph node metastases and extrathyroidal extension. The ROC curve displayed the cutoff value of 0.782, with the sensitivity of 77.5% and the specificity of 77.8%. KM survival analysis showed that there was a worse PFS in patients with high IL4I1 expression than those with low IL4I1 expression (p = 0.013). Further study indicated that IL4I1 was associated with lactate, body fluid secretion, positive regulation of T cell differentiation, and cellular response to nutrients in Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Moreover, IL4I1 was found correlated with immune infiltration. Finally, the in vitro experiments revealed the promotion of IL4I1 on cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

Conclusions
The increased IL4I1 expression is markedly correlated with the immune imbalance in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and predicts poor survival in thyroid cancer. This study reveals the potential clinical biomarker of poor prognosis and the target of immune therapy in thyroid cancer.