bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Anterolateral Ligament Status and Inherent Knee Anatomy on Anterior Tibial Subluxation of the Lateral Compartment After Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Cohort Study Based on MRI Analysis
Authors: Zheng Tong , Song Guanyang , Wang Chao , Li Yue , Zhang Zhijun , Cao Yanwei , Feng Zheng , Di Menglinqian , Zhang Hui 
Published: February 2023

Background: Anterior tibial subluxation (ATS) of the lateral compartment entails a pathological tibiofemoral alignment in knees with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Causes of increased ATS after an acute ACL injury are not clear, but soft tissue abnormalities and bony variations of the knee are potential causes. Purpose: To determine whether increased ATS of the lateral compartment in knees with acute ACL injury is associated with (1) anterolateral ligament (ALL) status and (2) inherent anatomy of the lateral femoral condyle (LFC) and lateral tibial plateau (LTP). Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 337 patients with clinically diagnosed ACL injuries treated between September 2019 and August 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and 119 patients with acute ACL injury were included. Of them, 79 patients with impaired ALL (ALL injury group) and 40 patients with intact ALL (ALL intact group) were identified based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The ATS of the lateral compartment measured on MRI was compared between the 2 groups. The bony anatomy of knees, quantified by the LFC length, LFC height, LTP length, and LTP slope, was also evaluated on MRI and correlated with the ATS with partial correlation coefficients. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify the independent predictors of increased ATS. Results: The ATS of the lateral compartment in the ALL injury group was significantly larger than that in the ALL intact group (6.3 mm vs 4.0 mm, respectively; P = .001). In all included patients, the presence of ALL injuries independently predicted a mean increase in ATS of 1.8 mm ( P = .003). In the ALL injury group, ATS was significantly correlated with LFC length ( r = 0.463; P < .001), LFC height ( r = −0.415; P < .001), and LTP slope ( r = 0.453; P < .001); further, a 1-mm increase in LFC length, 1-mm decrease in LFC height, and 1° increase in LTP slope independently predicted a mean increase in ATS of 0.7 mm ( P < .001), 0.6 mm ( P < .001), and 0.5 mm ( P < .001), respectively. In the ALL intact group, there was no significant correlation between ATS and any bony parameter. Conclusion: An impaired ALL increased the ATS of the lateral compartment after acute ACL injuries. In patients with combined ALL injuries, a flatter LFC and a steeper LTP in the sagittal plane were predictors of a further increase in ATS.
Youth custody is no place for mentally ill children and young people
Authors: Haysom Leigh , Kasinathan John , Singh Yolisha 
Published: February 2023

Objective We review issues with incarcerating mentally ill children and young people in Australia, highlighting key demographics, rates of mental disorders, consideration of brain development, developmental trauma and children’s experiences of custody. Methods Population relevant literature will be outlined as applicable. Results Children and adolescents in custody have high rates of mental illness, cognitive impairment and comorbid diagnoses. Childhood adversity and trauma impacts on psychosocial development from an early age. Almost half of all young people in custody are First Nations children, a 20 times over-representation. Youth custody is frequently experienced as an additional trauma for young people. Mental health diversion into community treatment is effective and reduces costs to young people, their families, communities and society generally. Conclusion Youth custody is an inappropriate setting for children and young people with mental disorders, and can be further traumatising. Economic and health benefits for mental health diversion away from youth custody are manifest.
Newly approved and forthcoming T-cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Granger Katelynn , Gaffney Kelly J , Davis James A 
Published: February 2023

Objective Summarize the background, clinical trials, and place in therapy for the newly Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved and forthcoming bispecific antibodies for relapsed/refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma. Data Sources A search of the PubMed database was conducted using the following search terms: B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), teclistamab, myeloma, BsAbs, GPRC5D, and bispecific. Ongoing clinical trials as well as abstracts from ASH and ASCO evaluating the efficacy and safety of novel agents were evaluated. Prescribing information was also reviewed. Summary For patients with R/R multiple myeloma who have failed available therapies, treatment options are limited and survival is short. The FDA recently approved teclistamab, a T-cell-redirecting bispecific antibody, in patients with R/R multiple myeloma who have failed four prior lines of therapy. Teclistamab targets both CD3 expressed on T-cells and BCMA expressed on the surface of myeloma cells, mediating T-cell activation and lysis of plasma cells that express BCMA. Accelerated approval was granted based upon the results of the MajesTEC-1 study, which showed a durable response in a high proportion of heavily pretreated patients. Teclistamab is the first bispecific antibody approved for use in patients with multiple myeloma and the fourth approved agent targeting BCMA. Additional T-cell redirecting bispecific antibodies for use in multiple myeloma are also currently being studied. Conclusion Teclistamab is the newest agent granted FDA approval for use in R/R multiple myeloma and represents a promising new option for patients. Ongoing trials are investigating teclistamab and other novel bispecific antibodies in the upfront and R/R setting.
Prevalence of hypersomatotropism and hyperthyroidism in cats with diabetes mellitus from referral centers in Buenos Aires (2020–2022)
Authors: Miceli Diego D , García Jorge D , Rey Amunategui Juan P , Pompili Gustavo A , Rial Laura A , Más Javier , Molina Estela M , Pignataro Omar P 
Published: February 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hypersomatotropism (HST) and hyperthyroidism in cats with diabetes mellitus (DM) from referral centers in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methods This was a prospective study. Systematic screening of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and total thyroxine was performed in all cats diagnosed with DM at referral centers in Buenos Aires between February 2020 and February 2022. Results In total, 154 diabetic cats were evaluated (99 males and 55 females; median age 12 years [range 3–21]; mean body weight 5 kg [range 2–12]). Altogether, there were 115 (75%) domestic shorthairs and one domestic longhair; the remaining 38 cats were purebred (mainly Siamese, n = 25 [16%]). Twenty (12.9%) cats had IGF-1 concentrations >1000 ng/ml, and three (1.9%) had IGF-1 concentrations between 800 and 1000 ng/ml along with pituitary enlargement on CT, resulting in a 14.9% HST prevalence rate in diabetic cats. Intracranial imaging was performed in all cats with HST; median pituitary dorsoventral height was 5.8 mm (range 3.1–9.5). Fourteen of 23 (61%) cats had phenotypic changes consistent with acromegaly at the time of diagnosis of HST. Four of 154 (2.5%) cats had concurrent hyperthyroidism. Conclusions and relevance To date, this is the first study outside of Europe to have evaluated the prevalence of HST and hyperthyroidism in cats with DM. In Buenos Aires referral centers, feline HST is the most common concurrent endocrinopathy in cats with DM but with a lower prevalence than has previously been reported. Hyperthyroidism is a rare concurrent endocrinopathy in diabetic cats from referral centers in Buenos Aires.
Anatomy of the distal radioulnar ligament in cats
Authors: Basa Rachel M , Canfield Paul J , Walsh William R , Johnson Kenneth A 
Published: February 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of the distal radioulnar ligament in the cat, using gross and histological sections from cadaveric feline carpi. Methods Eight feline cadaveric distal radioulnar joints were included in the study, including six that were paraffin- and two that were polymethyl methacrylate-embedded. Each of the sections of the distal radioulnar joint and ligament were viewed macroscopically and microscopically using a dissection microscope and a standard light microscope with polarising capacity. Results On gross examination, the distal radioulnar ligament could be seen as a triangular-shaped structure extending between the dorsal surface of the distal radius and ulna. The centre of the ligament had a greater density of tightly packed collagen fibres, while fibrocartilage was identified at the site of both the radial and ulnar entheses. Articular cartilage was noted to extend to the most proximal part of the bulbous portion of the distal ulna and corresponding axial aspect of the distal radius. Conclusions and relevance In the cat, there appears to be a less extensive interosseous component of the distal radioulnar ligament compared with the dog and cheetah. Instead, the ligament follows the articular surfaces of the distal radius and ulna. These anatomical differences may account for increased rotation of the feline antebrachium and have clinical implications, particularly with regard to the management of antebrachiocarpal joint injuries.
Computer-assisted evaluation of retinal vessel tortuosity in moderate-to-late preterm children
Authors: Raffa Lina , Abudawd Ola , Bugshan Nada , Fageeh Samiha , Ramos Lucia , Novo Jorge , Rouco Jose , Ortega Marcos 
Published: February 2023

Purpose Since very preterm children often have increased retinal tortuosity that may indicate decisive architectural changes in the systemic microvascular network, we used a new semi-automatic software to measure retinal vessel tortuosity on fundus digital images of moderate-to-late preterm (MLP) children. Methods In this observational case-control study, the global and local tortuosity parameters of retinal vessels were evaluated on fundus photographs of 36 MLP children and 36 age- and sex-matched controls. The associations between birth parameters and parameters reflecting retinal vessel tortuosity were evaluated using correlation analysis. Results Even after incorporation of anatomical factors, the global and local tortuosity parameters were not significantly different between groups. The MLP group showed a smaller arteriolar caliber (0.53  ±  0.2) than the controls (0.56  ±  0.2; p  =  0.013). Other local tortuosity parameters, such as vessel length, distance to fovea, and distance to optic disc, were not significantly different between arteries and veins. Tortuosity in both groups was higher among vessels closer to the fovea (r  =  -0.077, p < 0.001) and the optic disc (r  =  -0.0544, p  =  0.009). Global tortuosity showed a weakly positive correlation with gestational age and a weakly negative correlation with birth weight in both groups. Conclusion MLP patients did not display increased vessel tortuosity in comparison with the controls; however, the arteriolar caliber in the MLP group was smaller than that in children born full-term. Larger studies should confirm this finding and explore associations between cardiovascular and metabolic status and retinal vessel geometry in MLP children.
Bone Morphology and Vascular Supply of Pedicled Distal Radius Bone Using Nano-Computed Tomography
Authors: Davenport Ryan O. , Locke Conor S. , Gundlach Benjamin K. , Greenstein Joseph A. , Goulet Robert W. , Jepson Karl J. , Lien John R. 
Published: February 2023

Background: The goal of this study was to use nano-computed tomography to describe the intraosseous vascularity and structural characteristics of commonly used distal radius vascularized bone grafts for treatment of scaphoid nonunion. Methods: We obtained 8 fresh frozen human cadaver forearm specimens for infusion of barium contrast. Specimens were scanned and segmented to quantify the vascular volume and trabecular density within 3 common graft regions, including 1, 2 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery (1,2 ICSRA), fourth extensor compartment artery (4 ECA), and volar carpal artery (VCA), as well as thirds of the scaphoid. Outcomes also included mean and maximum cortical thickness and number of cortical perforators. Single-specimen analyses were also performed comparing vascularity and trabecular density of each graft with scaphoid regions of a single specimen. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey testing when P value was less than .05. Results: There was no significant difference between groups in the mean percent vascularity ( P = .76). The ratio of trabecular bone in each graft to scaphoid thirds was less than 1. The mean cortical thickness (0.79 mm, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.93 mm) and maximum cortical thickness (1.45 mm, 95% CI, 1.27-1.63 mm) of VCA grafts were both significantly greater than those of 4 ECA and 1,2 ICSRA ( P < .001). Conclusions: There were no differences between vascular density of the 3 grafts and the scaphoid. Pedicled distal radius bone grafts have similar vascularity but morphometric differences such as cortical thickness and trabecular density which have unclear clinical implications.
The Medial Femoral Trochlea Osteochondral Flap for Scaphoid Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sivakumar Brahman , Lawson Richard , Graham David J. 
Published: February 2023

Background: The medial femoral trochlea flap has been used to resurface scaphoids with recalcitrant proximal pole fractures or avascular necrosis, providing vascularized osteochondral tissue with similar morphological characteristics. This article aims to review the contemporary literature on its use for scaphoid reconstruction. Methods: A systematic review of Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and MEDLINE assessed the use of medial femoral trochlea flaps in scaphoids. Results: Eight studies were included, with 76 patients at a mean age of 26 years. Forty-three patients underwent clinical review, and 10 patients underwent radiographic evaluation, at a mean 23.3 months of follow-up. Flaps were generally performed for proximal pole fractures, avascular necrosis, nonunion, or failure of prior fixation; 94.4% of the flaps united. No marked change in sagittal plane motion was noted; reductions were seen in axial and coronal plane motion. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores improved from a mean of 25.2 to 11.5. Radiographic markers also improved. A total of 12.3% of patients had unplanned return to theater. Three patients required early revision for vascular thrombosis, and 1 patient suffered a volar carpal dislocation. Three patients underwent salvage procedures for ongoing pain. Conclusions: Although technically demanding, promising early-term to medium-term results are noted with the use of medial femoral trochlea flaps in the scaphoid.
Packing density and the angiographic results of coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hassankhani Amir , Ghozy Sherief , Bilgin Cem , Kadirvel Ramanathan , Kallmes David F 
Published: February 2023

Background Endovascular coil embolization (ECE) for intracranial aneurysms has been proven as an effective minimally invasive treatment. However, the aneurysm recanalization after coiling is a serious complication of this technique. Among all the proposed factors associated with recanalization, the impact of packing density (PD) is still controversial. Objective To clarify the role of PD in the aneurysm recanalization following ECE, via conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases, until November 28, 2022, by adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines. Considering the eligibility criteria, all the studies reporting the outcomes of interest were included. Data elements of interest were extracted and analyzed using R software version 4.2.1. Results The pooled analysis of the 17 eligible papers revealed a 29% higher PD of the nonrecanalized aneurysms (ROM = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18–1.40, p < 0.001), even after removing outlier studies to reduce heterogeneity. However, the pooled estimates from multivariable regression models within nine included studies showed no significant effect of PD on recanalization odds when incorporated into a multivariable model with other predictors (odds ratio [OR] = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.84–1.02, p = 0.126), even after removing outlier studies. Conclusion The current literature does not support PD as a significant predictor of aneurysm treatment outcomes, especially with adjusting for other variables. This finding necessitates further prospective multicenter studies with a larger sample size to overcome the current methodological shortcomings.
Management of psychiatric treatments of patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder in the COVID-19 pandemic: A one-year evaluation in the pandemic
Authors: Kaya Hasan , Civan Kahve Aybeniz , Darben Azarsız Yagmur , Ayaz Naycı Nagihan , İleri Akdoğan Turceun , Goka Erol 
Published: February 2023

Objective The course of bipolar disorder (BD) is sensitive to factors that may disrupt biological and social rhythms. It is important for patients diagnosed with BD to continue their follow-up and treatment during the pandemic due to personal and social effects. This study aimed to evaluate the disease course and treatment compliance of individuals diagnosed with BD during the pandemic. Methods A total of 267 patients with BD were included in the study. The scales were applied by phone calls. A sociodemographic data form was filled out during the phone interviews. Diagnostic criteria for hypomanic, manic, and depressive episodes in DSM-5 were questioned and recorded through the created form. Results During the first of the pandemic, a total of 72 (27.0%) patients had a mood episode, of which 56 (21.0%) were manic/hypomanic episodes and 16 (6.0%) depressive episodes. Also, 54.7% of the patients were able to obtain their medications thanks to the extended medication reports. Being unable to use their medications regularly, having a seasonal pattern of disease, and using an increased number of psychotropics were significant predictors of a new episode. While 74.5% of the patients wanted to talk to their psychiatrists online, only 1.1% could reach the psychiatrist online. Discussion The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are particularly evident in patients with a seasonal pattern. Telepsychiatry practices should be actively included in clinical practice, and government policies developed for treatment compliance seem important.
Psoas Hematoma After Posterior Lumbar Interbody fusion: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Shi Guan , Zhang Liang , Chen Hao , Su Tianhao , Jia Pu , Feng Fei , Chen Mengmeng , Bao Li 
Published: February 2023

Introduction This article introduced the management of a case with severe left lower extremity pain and forced hip flexion after posterior lumbar interbody fusion and a final diagnosis of left psoas hematoma. Materials and methods Here we reported a case of a 65-year-old female received posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for L4-L5 spondylolisthesis and L4 instability. On the postoperative day one, the hemoglobin level decreased from 108 g/L to 78 g/L. Meanwhile, the patient presented low back pain and inner thigh radiating pain (VAS pain scale = 8). The pain was so severe that it could be barely relieved by keeping left hip in flexion position. On the postoperative day 6, the pain was still severe even after taking mecobalamin, ankylosaurus, dehydrant agents and central pain relievers(VAS pain scale = 9). Computed Tomography indicated a left intramuscular hematoma image extending down to the left iliac fossa. Active hemorrhage of lumbar segmental arterial was detected by B-ultrasound. The patient then received vascular embolization under angiography on the postoperative day 7. Results The pain in the low back and inner thigh were significantly relieved after the procedure (VAS3-4). On the postoperative day nineteen, the left hip can be fully extended, but the patient was still not able to stand on left leg without a walking stick. On the postoperative day 27, she was able to walk independently. Discussion The main reason for the complication was the second conical dilation channel slipped and entered the lateral side of the vertebral body along the transverse process. After timely embolization, pain was significantly relieved and muscle strength was improved. Conclusions Angiographic embolization is an effective treatment for psoas hematoma after posterior lumbar interbody fusion.
Assessment of Process Evaluations of Complex Stroke Rehabilitation and Secondary Stroke Prevention Trials—A Scoping Review
Authors: Verma Shweta Jain , Gulati Puja , Ratra Sanjali , Pandian Jeyaraj Durai 
Published: February 2023

Background Complexity of interventions and lack of methodological clarity makes process evaluations (PEs) challenging. Assessment of PEs conducted for complex stroke rehabilitation and nonpharmacologic secondary stroke prevention interventions is lacking with only one study conducted for the latter. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review. Methods Development and reporting of review follows Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for Scoping Reviews. Research questions were identified and search phrases developed according to keywords on 3 electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. All titles and available abstracts were independently reviewed by 2 authors and disagreements settled by other authors. Inclusion criteria centered on complex secondary stroke nonpharmacologic prevention or a rehabilitation trial. Results Selected studies (n = 11) were derived from (n = 24) articles reporting on PE of main trial (n = 10). Studies are from 2015 onward with 9 studies for stroke rehabilitation and 1 from secondary stroke prevention, out of these 7 are randomized clinical trials. Medical Research Council’s framework was most widely used with common data collection method being interviews, surveys and log records. More than half of the studies are mobile health based which reveals future for stroke rehabilitation and stroke prevention interventions. We identified 3 themes on qualitative analysis of articles. Conclusion Paucity of relevant research studies indicates that more research should be carried out for PEs in stroke rehabilitation and prevention. Researchers in future may find guidance from this review where we support clarity on framework and its elements that helped to evaluate methodology.
Perlite microsphere for the use in lightweight cementitious composite
Authors: Shah Syed Nasir , Cheng Wei Da , Kam Jeck Kie , Loh Zhi Pin , Ibrahim Zainah , Mo Kim Hung 
Published: February 2023

This preliminary work explores the possibility of utilizing perlite microsphere (PM) in producing lightweight cementitious composite (LCC). With the use of PM, LCC with dry density of about 1400 kg/m3 (35% reduction in density compared to normal cement mortar) can be obtained. Satisfactory compressive strengths of 32.6–34.5 MPa could be attained by the PM LCC, without and with supplementary cementitious materials such as silica fume and ground granulated blast furnace slag. The specific strength (compressive strength/density ratio) of LCC was also similar as the normal cement mortar. In addition, there was little difference in the flexural strength and drying shrinkage of PM LCC compared to normal cement mortar. Furthermore, similar flexural load–displacement behaviour was found between thin plate specimens produced with alkali-resistant glass fibre mesh reinforced LCC and that of normal cement mortar. In overall, this suggests that PM has the potential to be utilized as lightweight filler in producing LCC.