bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ROS Scavenging Graphene‐Based Hydrogel Enhances Type H Vessel Formation and Vascularized Bone Regeneration via ZEB1/Notch1 Mediation
Authors: Zhou Junpeng , Li Yongwei , He Jiahui , Liu Liying , Hu Shugang , Guo Meng , Liu Tun , Liu Junzheng , Wang Jiaxin , Guo Baolin , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe regeneration strategy for bone defects is greatly limited by the bone microenvironment, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) seriously hinder the formation of new bone. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is expected to meet the requirements because of its ability to scavenge free radicals through electron transfer. Antioxidant hydrogels based on gelatine methacrylate (GM), acrylyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (Ac‐CD), and rGO functionalized with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) are developed for skull defect regeneration, but the mechanism of how rGO‐based hydrogels enhance bone repair remains unclear. In this work, it is confirmed that the GM/Ac‐CD/rGO hydrogel has good antioxidant capacity, and promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The rGO‐based hydrogel affects ZEB1/Notch1 to promote tube formation. Furthermore, two‐photon laser scanning microscopy is used to observe the ROS in a skull defect. The rGO‐based hydrogel promotes type H vessel formation in a skull defect. In conclusion, the hydrogel neutralizes ROS in the vicinity of a skull defect and stimulates ZEB1/Notch1 to promote the coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis, which may be a possible approach for bone regeneration.
Free vibration of functionally graded sandwich plates in thermal environments
Authors: Li Dongdong , Deng Zongbai , Chen Guoping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an analytical solution for the free vibration of functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich plates in a thermal environment. An equivalent‐single‐layer (ESL) plate theory with four variables is used to obtain the solution. Two types of sandwich plates are examined in this study: one with FGM face sheets and a homogeneous core and the other with an FGM core and homogeneous face sheets. The governing equations of motion are derived based on Hamilton's principle and then solved using the Navier method. The results of natural frequencies of simply supported FGM sandwich plates are compared with the available solutions in the literature. The effects of volume fraction distribution, geometrical parameters, and temperature increments on the free vibration characteristics are discussed in detail.
Impact of stand‐ and landscape‐level variables on pine wilt disease‐caused tree mortality in pine forests
Authors: Yu Linfeng , Zhan Zhongyi , Ren Lili , Li Haonan , Huang Huaguo , Luo Youqing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPine wilt disease (PWD) outbreaks have affected extensive areas of South China's forests, but the factors explaining landscape patterns of pine mortality are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of stand structure, topography, landscape context, and beetle pressure in explaining PWD severity. During 2020–2021, we identified 66 plots based on mapped PWD infestation severity. We built PWD infestation maps for 2019–2021 through field surveys. Stand structure and topography were obtained from Forest Resources Management ‘One Map’ and elevation raster data. We then used ‘One Map’ and PWD infestation maps to determine landscape context and beetle pressure variables at different spatial scales. The relative importance of 12 explanatory variables was analyzed using multi‐model inference.RESULTSIn this study, we show that: (i) 1 km was the best spatial scale related to pine mortality, and (ii) models including landscape context and beetle pressure were much better at predicting pine mortality than models using only stand‐level variables.CONCLUSIONLandscape‐level variables, particularly beetle pressure, were the most consistent predictors of subsequent pine mortality within susceptible stands. These results may help forest managers identify locations vulnerable to PWD and improve existing strategies for outbreak control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
COVID‐19 vaccination in Nigeria: Challenges and recommendations for future vaccination initiatives
Authors: Sokunbi Taiwo Oluwaseun , Oluyedun Abdmateen Temitope , Adegboye Emmanuel Ayomide , Oluwatomisin Glory Peace , Ibrahim Abdulmumin Damilola 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 vaccination program is the most extensive vaccination program held in Nigeria to date. As of September 21, 2022, more than 31 million people have been fully vaccinated which made up 15% of the entire population. Following the global COVID‐19 vaccination goal, Nigeria was expected to vaccinate 40% of its population in 2021 and reach the 70% vaccination threshold before the end of 2022. Currently, Nigeria is nowhere near the global vaccination goal due to various challenges encountered by the program. Challenges such as distrust in government, poor cold‐chain management, and poor communication during the onset of the program all contributed to the inability to attain the set goal. With the pledge of Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations to extend the malaria vaccination program to other Sub‐Saharan African countries after the success of the first dose vaccination in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi and the recent reemergence of monkeypox virus in Africa which also requires vaccination to curtail its spread, it is important that Nigeria, in preparation for these vaccination programs, learn from some of the challenges that the COVID‐19 vaccination program encountered and take actions to ensure greater success in future vaccination programs in the country. This paper aims to give an overview of the COVID‐19 vaccination program in Nigeria, highlight the challenges encountered, and provide recommendations for better future vaccination initiatives in the country.
Doping Engineering in Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Low‐Onset‐Potential Photoelectrochemical Applications
Authors: Wang Liping , Chen Deguo , Zhang Shun , Zhang Doudou , Lv Xiaowei , Sun Panpan , Huang Niu , Fang Liang , Sun Xiaohua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a metal‐free semiconductor photoelectrode material, polymeric carbon nitride (CN) has become one of the research hotspots in the field of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting due to its unique physical and chemical properties. However, high onset potential (Vonset) seriously hinders PEC properties and utilization of solar energy. Herein, boron or phosphor‐doped polymeric carbon nitride (CN−B/P) films are successfully prepared by combining close‐spaced thermal copolymerization with a simple drip coating‐heat treatment method. As a photoanode material, the as‐synthesized doped‐CN films exhibit excellent performance with improved charge injection properties, a longer electron lifetime and reduced flat band potential. Consequently, the photocurrent density of CN−B/P is increased by about 1–3 times compared with pure carbon nitride samples. More importantly, the CN−B and CN−P photoanode both exhibit a very negative Vonset of about 0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, which is comparable with the state‐of‐the‐art metal‐based photoanodes.
Organochlorine detection on transition metals (X=Zn, Ti, Ni, Fe, and Cr) anchored fullerenes (C23X)
Authors: Louis Hitler , Chima Chioma M. , Amodu Ismail O. , Gber Terkumbur E. , Unimuke Tomsmith O. , Adeyinka Adedapo S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHerein, the Kohn‐Sham K density functional theory (DFT) approach has been employed to investigate the adsorption and sensing efficacy of C23X (X=Zn, Ti, Ni, Fe, and Cr) nanoclusters towards a selected organochlorine derivative (chloronaphthalene). CLN@C23Ti (T1) and CLN@C23Cr (C1) complexes indicated stronger adsorption as confirmed by the adsorption energy values of −68.3384 and −49.3581 Kcal/mol. Also, higher change in charge transfers of −1.7134 and −1.0414 observed in C1 and T1 complexes respectively and this result was further strengthened by dipole moment analysis. C23Ti and C23Cr surfaces reflect higher dipole moment of 5.7126 and 4.7552 D respectively, indicating higher charge separation and stronger interactions upon the adsorption of chloronaphthalene (CLN). Rich blue color possessed by all complexes in the 3D isosurface of the Reduced Density Gradient (RDG) plots, signifies the presence of a very strong force of attraction as a result of hydrogen bond interaction. These results are consistent with the topological analysis and those of sensing mechanisms, thus, leading to a conclusive scientific report that C23Ti and C23Cr nanoclusters exhibit relatively better sensing efficacy for the detection of CLN. Hence, it can be employed in coupling future sensor device for CLN molecule.
Efficient Delivery of GSDMD‐N mRNA by Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Induces Pyroptosis for Enhanced Immunotherapy
Authors: Xing Yuqi , Zhang Feiyu , Ji Panpan , Wei Mengying , Yin Chunhui , Yang Angang , Yang Guodong , Zhao Jing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPyroptosis is a newly discovered inflammatory form of programmed cell death, which promotes systemic immune response in cancer immunotherapy. GSDMD is one of the key molecules executing pyroptosis, while therapeutical delivery of GSDMD to tumor cells is of great challenge. In this study, an extracellular vesicles‐based GSDMD‐N mRNA delivery system (namely EVTx) is developed for enhanced cancer immunotherapy, with GSDMD‐N mRNA encapsulated inside, Ce6 (Chlorin e6 (Ce6), a hydrophilic sensitizer) incorporated into extracellular vesicular membrane, and HER2 antibody displayed onto the surface. Briefly, GSDMD‐N mRNA is translationally repressed in donor cells by optimized puromycin, ensuring the cell viability and facilitating the mRNA encapsulation into extracellular vesicles. When targeted and delivered into HER2+ breast cancer cells by the engineered extracellular vesicles, the translational repression is unleashed in the recipient cells as the puromycin is diluted and additionally inactivated by sonodynamic treatment as the extracellular vesicles are armed with Ce6, allowing GSDMD‐N translation and pyroptosis induction. In addition, sonodynamic treatment also induces cell death in the recipient cells. In the SKBR3‐ and HER2 transfected 4T1‐ inoculated breast tumor mouse models, the engineered EVTx efficiently induces a powerful tumor immune response and suppressed tumor growth, providing a nanoplatform for cancer immunotherapy.
Carbonized Polymer Dots Assemble in Proton‐Conducting Channels to Enhance the Conductivity and Selectivity Simultaneously for High‐Performance Fuel Cells
Authors: Xia Chunlei , Li Jialin , Qian Zhao , Xu Fengrui , Li Yunfeng , Zhu Shoujun , Qian Hu‐jun , Zhao Chengji , Lu Zhong‐Yuan , Yang Bai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFabricating polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) simultaneously with high ion conductivity and selectivity has always been an ultimate goal in many membrane‐integrated systems for energy conversion and storage. Constructing broader ion‐conducting channels usually enables high‐efficient ion conductivity while often bringing increased crossover of other ions or molecules simultaneously, resulting in decreased selectivity. Here, the ultra‐small carbon dots (CDs) with the selective barriers are self‐assembled within proton‐conducting channels of PEMs through electrostatic interaction to enhance the proton conductivity and selectivity simultaneously. The functional CDs regulate the nanophase separation of PEMs and optimize the hydration proton network enabling higher‐efficient proton transport. Meanwhile, the CDs within proton‐conducting channels prevent fuel from permeating selectively due to their repelling and spatial hindrance against fuel molecules, resulting in highly enhanced selectivity. Benefiting from the improved conductivity and selectivity, the open‐circuit voltage and maximum power density of the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) equipped with the hybrid membranes raised by 23% and 93%, respectively. This work brings new insight to optimize polymer membranes for efficient and selective transport of ions or small molecules, solving the trade‐off of conductivity and selectivity.
Flexible All‐Solid‐State Direct Methanol Fuel Cells with High Specific Power Density
Authors: Sun Shanshan , Zhao Minglin , Wang Qingwei , Xue Shujie , Huang Qinghong , Yu Nengfei , Wu Yuping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is vital to create flexible batteries as power sources to suit the needs of flexible electronic devices because they are widely employed in wearable and portable electronics. The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a desirable alternative portable energy source since it is a clean, safe, and high energy density cell. The traditional DMFC in mechanical assembly and its unbending property, however, prevent it from being employed in flexible electrical devices. In this study, the flexible membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with superior electrical conductivity and nanoscale TiC‐modified carbon cloth (TiC/CC) is used as supporting layer. Additionally, solid methanol fuels used in the manufacturing of flexible all‐solid‐state DMFC have the advantages of being tiny, light, and having high energy density. Furthermore, the DMFC's placement and bending angle have little effect on its performance, suggesting that DMFC is appropriate for flexible portable energy. The flexible all‐solid‐state DMFC's power density can reach 14.06 mW cm−2, and after 50 bends at 60°, its voltage loss can be disregarded. The flexible all‐solid DMFC has an energy density that is 777.78 Wh Kg−1 higher than flexible lithium‐ion batteries, which is advantageous for the commercialization of flexible electronic products.
Triptolide injection reduces Alzheimer's disease‐like pathology in mice
Authors: Mao Rui , Xu Shihao , Sun Guangwen , Yu Yingying , Zuo Zhiyi , Wang Yuanyuan , Yang Kun , Zhang Zhen , Yang Wenqiong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTriptolide is an epoxidized diterpene lactone isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii. Studies have shown that triptolide exerts organ‐protective effects. However, it remains unknown whether triptolide improves Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐like presentations. Thirty healthy 8‐week‐old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control (n = 10), model (n = 10), and triptolide (n = 10) groups. Amyloid‐β (Aβ)42 was injected bilaterally into the ventricles of mice in the model group. Triptolide was injected intraperitoneally daily after injecting Aβ42 (a total of 30 days) in the triptolide group. Learning and memory were tested using the Morris water maze test. The deposition of Aβ42 in the hippocampus was detected using immunohistochemical staining. In the hippocampus, three synaptic‐associated proteins—gephyrin, collybistin, and GABRA1—were detected by western blotting. Furthermore, we used ELISA to detect proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF‐α and IL‐1β, in the blood and hippocampus. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and GSH levels were measured using the corresponding kits. We found that triptolide improved spatial learning and memory in AD‐like mice. Additionally, triptolide maintained the expression of gephyrin, collybistin, and GABRA1 and reduced Aβ in these mice. Additionally, triptolide reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines and decreased oxidative damage in AD‐like mice. Our study suggests that triptolide attenuates AD‐like changes in the mouse brain.
Investigating the phenol removal from aqueous media by photocatalytic magnetized graphene oxide nanocomposite
Authors: Shokoohi Reza , Safari Sara , Ghahramani Esmaeil 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a large and diverse group of secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds are one of the most common chemical pollutants present in water resources. these compounds can have toxic effects on ecosystems and humans. Therefore, their removal from water sources appears to be of great importance. In this study, a magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) photocatalyst was synthesized and used to remove phenol from water. The fabricated GO magnetic nanocomposites were determined by SEM and FTIR techniques. Afterward, these nanoparticles were used to remove phenol from aquatic media considering different operational parameters, including pH of the solution, initial concentration of phenol, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. The results showed that the magnetized GO nanoparticles could remove 90.83% of phenol molecules under the optimal conditions of solution pH = 3.0, initial phenol concentration of 20 mg/L, adsorbent concentration of 300 mg/L, and contact time of 120 min. additionally have compared the results of UV, Fe3O4/GO, and Fe3O4/GO/UV on the removal of phenol under optimum conditions. Accordingly, the phenol removal efficiencies for UV alone, Fe3O4/GO, and Fe3O4/GO/UV were obtained at 4.5, 65.73, and 90.83%, respectively. Based on the findings, the prepared magnetic GO nanoparticles have extended capabilities such as easy and rapid separation from sample and high potential in removing phenolic compounds, so, it can be introduced as an appropriate adsorbent for removal of this pollutant from water and wastewater.
Evaluation of aglepristone and oxytocin on induction of parturition in guinea pig
Authors: Sara Tayeban , Reza Narenjisani , Morteza Keywanloo , Vali Yasamin , Soroori Sarang , Ebrahim Shahroozian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundInduction of parturition in guinea pigs appears to be essential because these animals have a higher rate of reproductive problems than rabbits and small rodents.ObjectivesSince aglepristone (AGL) is a competitive progesterone antagonist acting through binding to progesterone receptors while oxytocin (OT) is a powerful constituent of uterine smooth muscle, the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and ultrasonographic impacts of AGL and OT on guinea pig parturition induction.MethodsIn this study, guinea pigs were allocated into five groups; each included five animals on the 61st day of pregnancy. In the aglepristone group (Agle), AGL was administrated subcutaneously (SC) once daily on 2 consecutive days (Days 61 and 62 post mating). Oxytocin (OT) was administered subcutaneously once and twice at 4‐h intervals on Day 62 post mating in oxytocin 1 (Oxy1) and oxytocin 2 (Oxy2) groups, respectively. The animals in the aglepristone‐oxytocin group (Agle‐Oxy) received AGL subcutaneously once daily on 2 consecutive days (Days 61 and 62 post mating) and OT on Day 62 post mating. The remaining sows received saline solution (0.9% NaCl) in the control group.ResultsAccording to the results, fetal heart rate, temperature, neonatal and maternal survival rates were not significantly different between the treatment and control groups (p > 0.05). Biparietal diameter of head and body weight of neonates in the Agle, Oxy2 and Agle‐Oxy groups showed a significant decline, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The time interval between injection and delivery and the duration of pregnancy was significantly reduced in Agle, Oxy2, Agl‐Oxy groups, compared to the control and Oxy1 groups.ConclusionsIn conclusion, it seems that treatment Oxy2 can induce parturition in guinea pigs without side effects and lower pain during induction of parturition.
Collective memory: Collaborative recall synchronizes what and how people remember
Authors: Greeley Garrett D. , Rajaram Suparna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMemory researchers and theorists have long advanced the idea that the manner in which information is retrieved is critical. The way retrieval unfolds provides critical insights into how memories are organized and accessed—an important aspect of memory missed by focusing only on quantity. Cognitive studies of memory in social contexts, deploying the collaborative memory paradigm, have also noted the importance of such retrieval organization. Such memory studies often focus on how relative to “groups” that never collaborated, former members of collaborating groups recall more of the same material (collective memory) and they do so in a more synchronized fashion (collective retrieval organization). In this review, we leverage the diverse methodological and quantitative toolkits that have traditionally targeted individual retrieval to highlight the ways in which this social memory research has examined collective memory and collective retrieval organization. To that end, we consider how the collaborative memory paradigm has integrated methods, such as free recall, that afford rich assessments of retrieval organization. Likewise, we consider the application of metrics that characterize organization patterns in different contexts. With this background in mind, we discuss the important theoretical and broader implications of research on collective memory and collective retrieval organization.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Memory
Overcoming Vulnerability in the Life Course—Reflections on a Research Program
Authors: Settersten Richard A. , Buchmann Marlis , Kohli Martin , Levy René , de Ribaupierre Anik , Salmela-Aro Katariina , Thomson Elizabeth 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter reflects on the twelve-year Swiss research program, “Overcoming vulnerability: Life course perspectives” (LIVES). The authors are longstanding members of its scientific advisory committee. They highlight the program’s major accomplishments, identify key ingredients of the program’s success as well as some of its challenges, and raise promising avenues for future scholarship. Their insights will be of particular interest to those who wish to launch similar large-scale collaborative enterprises. LIVES has been a landmark project in advancing the conceptualization, measurement, and analysis of vulnerability over the life course. The foundation it has provided will direct the next era of scholarship toward even greater specificity: in understanding the conditions under which vulnerability matters, for whom, when, and how. In a process-oriented life-course perspective, vulnerability is not viewed as a persistent or permanent condition but rather as a dormant condition of the social actor, activated in particular situations and contexts.
Extra dimensions with light and heavy neutral leptons: an application to CEνNS
Authors: Khan Amir N. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We explore the possibility of relating extra dimensions with light and heavy Dirac-type neutral leptons and develop a framework for testing them in various laboratory experiments. The Kaluza-Klein modes in the large extra dimension models of the light neutral leptons could mix with the standard model neutrinos and produce observable effects in the oscillation experiments. We show that the chirality flipping up-scattering processes occurring through either neutrino magnetic dipole moment or the weakly coupled scalar interactions can also produce heavy Kaluza-Klein modes of the corresponding right-handed neutral leptons propagating in one or more extra dimensions. However, to conserve the four- dimensional energy-momentum, their masses must be below the maximum energy of the neutrinos in the initial state. The appreciable size of extra dimensions connected with these heavy neutral leptons can thus affect the cross-sections of these processes. This framework applies to any up-scattering process. Our work here focuses only on its application to the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering process. We derive constraints on the size of extra dimensions using the COHERENT data in oscillation and up-scattering processes. For model with one large extra dimension for the light neutral leptons, we obtain the limits, R ~ 3 μm (NH) and R ~ 2.5 μm (IH), on the size of extra dimension corresponding to the absolute mass limit, m0 ≤ 3 × 10−3 eV at 90% C.L. from the short-baseline oscillations. Using the up-scattering process for heavy neutral leptons, we obtain new parameter spaces between the size of extra dimensions and parameters of the dipole or scalar interactions.