bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the TIR3B oncological stratification: try to bridge the gap through a comprehensive presurgical algorithm
Authors: Sparano C. , Puccioni M. , Adornato V. , Zago E. , Fibbi B. , Badii B. , Bencini L. , Mannelli G. , Vezzosi V. , Maggi M. , Petrone L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Indeterminate cytology still puzzles clinicians, due to its wide range of oncological risks. According to the Italian SIAPEC–IAP classification, TIR3B cytology holds up to 30% of thyroid cancer, which justifies the surgical indication, even if more than half of cases do not result in a positive histology. The study aim is to identify potential clinical, ultrasound or cytological features able to improve the surgical indication.

Methods
Retrospective analysis. A consecutive series of TIR3B nodules referred to the Endocrine Unit of Careggi Hospital from 1st May 2014 to 31st December 2021 was considered for the exploratory analysis (Phase 1). Thereafter, a smaller confirmatory sample of consecutive TIR3B diagnosed and referred to surgery from 1st January 2022 to 31st June 2022 was considered to verify the algorithm (Phase 2). The main clinical, ultrasound and cytological features have been collected. A comprehensive stepwise logistic regression was applied to build a prediction algorithm. The histological results represented the final outcome.

Results
Of 599 TIR3B nodules referred to surgery, 451 cases were included in the exploratory analysis. A final score > 14.5 corresponded to an OR = 4.98 (95% CI 3.24–7.65, p < 0.0001) and showed a PPV and NPV of 57% and 79%, respectively. The Phase 2 analysis on a confirmatory sample of 58 TIR3B cytology confirmed that a threshold of 14.5 points has a comparable PPV and NPV of 53% and 80%, respectively.

Conclusions
A predictive algorithm which considers the main clinical, US and cytological features can significantly improve the oncological stratification of TIR3B cytology.
Urticaria in childhood—what’s new?
Authors: Brehler Ann-Christin E. , Bauer Andrea , Wedi Bettina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUrticaria can manifest at any age, including infants and young children. Urticaria is one of the most prevalent skin diseases in childhood. As in adults, a distinction is made between acute and chronic urticaria, with chronic urticaria further classified into chronic spontaneous urticaria and inducible urticaria. According to the current German S3 guideline for classification, diagnosis, and treatment of urticaria, existing literature suggests that the prevalence, disease characteristics, causes, and also the response to treatment are very similar in children and adults. The clinical hallmark of urticaria is the subjective sensation of itch. In young children who may have difficulty expressing itching, it is crucial to observe their scratching behavior during clinical examinations. Particularly in children, mastocytosis and autoinflammatory syndromes (cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes [CAPS], especially Muckle–Wells syndrome and childhood Still’s disease) are important differential diagnoses. Autoinflammatory syndromes are characterized by additional symptoms such as fever, bone pain, muscle pain, and joint complaints. Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes usually manifest in infancy, so that these diseases must be considered, especially if cold-associated urticarial skin lesions are present. Appropriate and early treatment can prevent serious sequelae. In maculopapular mastocytosis (urticaria pigmentosa), reddish macules are characteristic for the disease; especially after elicitation of the Darier’s sign, differentiation from urticaria can be difficult, but the macules are permanent. Clinically, wheals and/or angioedema are found similarly to adults, indicating that mast cell-induced angioedema is also associated with childhood urticaria. In the case of exclusive angioedema, hereditary angioedema must also be considered, which usually manifests for the first time during puberty, often linked to hormone preparation usage.
On $$SL(2,{\mathbb {C}})$$-representations of torus knot groups
Authors: Mira-Albanés Jhon Jader , Rodríguez-Nieto José Gregorio , Salazar-Díaz Olga Patricia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the algebraic structure of the space $$R(\Gamma _{n,m})$$

R
(

Γ

n
,
m

)

of representations of the torus knot groups, $$\Gamma _{n,m}=\left\langle x,y:x^{n}=y^{m}\right\rangle$$

Γ

n
,
m

=

x
,
y
:

x
n

=

y
m

, into the linear special group $$SL(2,{\mathbb {C}})$$

S
L
(
2
,
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)

.
Regulation of a vacuolar proton-pumping P-ATPase MdPH5 by MdMYB73 and its role in malate accumulation and vacuolar acidification
Authors: Huang Xiao-Yu , Xiang Ying , Zhao Yu-Wen , Wang Chu-Kun , Wang Jia-Hui , Wang Wen-Yan , Liu Xiao-Long , Sun Quan , Hu Da-Gang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs the main organic acid in fruits, malate is produced in the cytoplasm and is then transported into the vacuole. It accumulates by vacuolar proton pumps, transporters, and channels, affecting the taste and flavor of fruits. Among the three types of proton pumps (V-ATPases, V-PPases, and P-ATPases), the P-ATPases play an important role in the transport of malate into vacuoles. In this study, the transcriptome data, collected at different stages after blooming and during storage, were analyzed and the results demonstrated that the expression of MdPH5, a vacuolar proton-pumping P-ATPase, was associated with both pre- and post-harvest malate contents. Moreover, MdPH5 is localized at the tonoplast and regulates malate accumulation and vacuolar pH. In addition, MdMYB73, an upstream MYB transcription factor of MdPH5, directly binds to its promoter, thereby transcriptionally activating its expression and enhancing its activity. In this way, MdMYB73 can also affect malate accumulation and vacuolar pH. Overall, this study clarifies how MdMYB73 and MdPH5 act to regulate vacuolar malate transport systems, thereby affecting malate accumulation and vacuolar pH.
Self-Determination and Secession: Why Nations Are Special
Authors: Maguire Ruairi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, I consider the objection that unilateral secession by a national group (e.g., the Scots) from a legitimate, nonusurping state would wrong minority nationalities within the seceding territory. I show first that most proponents of this objection assume that the ground of the right to national self-determination is the protection of the group’s culture. I show that there are alternative justifications available. I then set out a version of this objection that does not rely on this claim; on this objection, a national minority that seceded and created its own state would commit an expressive wrong against minorities within the territory over which it claimed jurisdiction. I show that this objection is undermotivated: only under a specific set of circumstances would the minorities of the secessionist region be subject to an expressive wrong. Finally, I show that the correct way to think about the claims of minorities in secessionist regions is in terms of a claim to secure access to equal civic status such that they are not at risk of becoming justifiably alienated from their new state. If a secessionist group cannot provide this guarantee to the minority residents of their territory, then their seceding would commit wrongful harm, and the presumption in favour of collective autonomy is defeated. I call this defeater the ‘Alienation Defeater.’With this in hand, we are now in a position to explain why nations are normatively special. Responding to the objections broached by Allen Buchanan and others, I show that even if other kinds of groups, such as religious groups, have the features in virtue of which nations have a claim to self-determination, this does not entail that those groups also have the right to secede. This is because an account of self-determination needs a list of ‘defeaters’—features in virtue of which a group’s claim to self-determination is defeated. I argue that religious groups are the strongest candidate for having a claim to collective autonomy in virtue of sharing many features with nations. I then argue that religious groups will run afoul of the Alienation Defeater; religious identity is too narrow to be the basis of the dominant collective identity of a state. This does not apply to nationality. This, I explain, is because of qualitative differences between religious groups, qua religious groups, and nations.
Mental health in society’s margins: poor n-3 PUFA intake and psychological well-being of homeless youth
Authors: Dunn Sarah Beth , Orchard Tonya S. , Andridge Rebecca , Rymut Susan M. , Slesnick Natasha , Hatsu Irene E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDietary intake of long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-3 PUFA), particularly EPA and DHA, has been associated with psychological well-being, but little is known about the n-3 PUFA intake of homeless youth. The current study determined the association between depression and anxiety symptoms and n-3 PUFA intake and erythrocytes status in homeless youth. Totally, 114 homeless youth aged 18–24 years were recruited from a drop-in centre. n-3 PUFA dietary intake was assessed using an FFQ, and erythrocytes status was determined by gas chromatography (GC). Linear regression models were used to determine the relationship between psychological well-being and n-3 PUFA intake and status. The mean intakes of EPA and DHA for all participants (0·06 ± 0·13 g/d and 0·11 ± 0·24 g/d) were well below recommended levels, and mean erythrocytes EPA + DHA (n-3 index) in the cohort (2·42 %) was lower than reported for healthy, housed adolescents and those with clinical depression. There was no association of n-3 PUFA intake and erythrocytes status with either depression or anxiety. However, the relationships of depression with dietary EPA (P = 0·017) and DHA (P = 0·008), as well as erythrocytes DHA (P = 0·007) and n 3-index (P = 0·009), were significantly moderated by sex even after adjusting for confounders. Specifically, among females, as the intake and status of these n-3 PUFA decreased, depression increased. Our findings show poor dietary intake and low erythrocytes status of n-3 PUFA among homeless youth, which is associated with depressive symptoms among females.
Advanced Practice Nursing im deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Ledtermann Ivonne , Rached Imane Henni , Kloos Victoria-Fabiola 
Published: September 2023

Was ist zu dem Thema bekannt? Eine Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) zeichnet sich durch Spezialisierung, Vertiefung und Wissenschaft aus. Internationale Studien zeigen die Wirksamkeit von akademisierten Pflegefachpersonen. Bisher bestehen keine eindeutigen und einheitlichen Rollenprofile für Absolvent_innen. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Der Artikel versucht einen Überblick über APN im deutschsprachigen Raum aus der Literatur zu generieren und eine Zusammenfassung vorzunehmen. Diese Zusammenfassung kann für weiterführende Überlegungen im Hinblick auf zukünftige APN-Rollenprofile dienen. Was sind die Auswirkungen auf die Praxis? Die Entwicklung und Implementierung von APN-Rollenprofilen unterscheiden sich im deutschsprachigen Raum. Dadurch kann eine erste Annäherung einer kritisch-konstruktiven Diskussion über Chancen und Herausforderungen der psychiatrischen Versorgung angeregt werden.
Arctic Permafrost Thawing Enhances Sulfide Oxidation
Authors: Kemeny Preston Cosslett , Li Gen K. , Douglas Madison , Berelson William , Chadwick Austin J. , Dalleska Nathan F. , Lamb Michael P. , Larsen William , Magyar John S. , Rollins Nick E. , Rowland Joel , Smith M. Isabel , Torres Mark A. , Webb Samuel M. , Fischer Woodward W. , West A. Joshua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPermafrost degradation is altering biogeochemical processes throughout the Arctic. Thaw‐induced changes in organic matter transformations and mineral weathering reactions are impacting fluxes of inorganic carbon (IC) and alkalinity (ALK) in Arctic rivers. However, the net impact of these changing fluxes on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (pCO2) is relatively unconstrained. Resolving this uncertainty is important as thaw‐driven changes in the fluxes of IC and ALK could produce feedbacks in the global carbon cycle. Enhanced production of sulfuric acid through sulfide oxidation is particularly poorly quantified despite its potential to remove ALK from the ocean‐atmosphere system and increase pCO2, producing a positive feedback leading to more warming and permafrost degradation. In this work, we quantified weathering in the Koyukuk River, a major tributary of the Yukon River draining discontinuous permafrost in central Alaska, based on water and sediment samples collected near the village of Huslia in summer 2018. Using measurements of major ion abundances and sulfate () sulfur (34S/32S) and oxygen (18O/16O) isotope ratios, we employed the MEANDIR inversion model to quantify the relative importance of a suite of weathering processes and their net impact on pCO2. Calculations found that approximately 80% of in mainstem samples derived from sulfide oxidation with the remainder from evaporite dissolution. Moreover, 34S/32S ratios, 13C/12C ratios of dissolved IC, and sulfur X‐ray absorption spectra of mainstem, secondary channel, and floodplain pore fluid and sediment samples revealed modest degrees of microbial sulfate reduction within the floodplain. Weathering fluxes of ALK and IC result in lower values of pCO2 over timescales shorter than carbonate compensation (∼104 yr) and, for mainstem samples, higher values of pCO2 over timescales longer than carbonate compensation but shorter than the residence time of marine (∼107 yr). Furthermore, the absolute concentrations of and Mg2+ in the Koyukuk River, as well as the ratios of and Mg2+ to other dissolved weathering products, have increased over the past 50 years. Through analogy to similar trends in the Yukon River, we interpret these changes as reflecting enhanced sulfide oxidation due to ongoing exposure of previously frozen sediment and changes in the contributions of shallow and deep flow paths to the active channel. Overall, these findings confirm that sulfide oxidation is a substantial outcome of permafrost degradation and that the sulfur cycle responds to permafrost thaw with a timescale‐dependent feedback on warming.
Streamflow Composition and Water “Imbalance” in the Northern Himalayas
Authors: Fan Linfeng , Kuang Xingxing , Or Dani , Zheng Chunmiao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Yarlung Zangbo River (YZR) is the largest river in the northern Himalayas, providing crucial water resources for downstream. A full understanding of the streamflow dynamics and regional water budget is critical to secure water security of the Himalayan water tower. Here we establish a comprehensive hydrological model to simulate the precipitation‐runoff‐evapotranspiration‐groundwater‐streamflow complex in the YZR basin. We decipher contributions of different water sources (e.g., precipitation, meltwater, groundwater) to YZR's streamflow and estimate that groundwater sustains ∼36% of annual streamflow in the YZR, while precipitation and melt surface runoff contribute 40% and 24%, respectively. Combining modeling, observation and reanalysis data, our results reveal a water “imbalance” that ∼31% of annual precipitation and meltwater (∼333 mm yr−1 or ∼85 km3 yr−1) is unaccounted for in the YZR basin. We propose that the “excess water” discharges to deep fractured bedrock aquifers, which is promoted by widespread permeable active structures (e.g., faults, fractures). This hypothesis is supported by groundwater storage (GWS) estimates where inclusion of the deep groundwater bridges the discrepancy between baseflow‐derived (shallow) GWS and those derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellite data. The deep groundwater most likely flows across basins, bypasses streams, and finally discharges to downstream aquifers in the Indo‐Gangetic Plain as mountain block recharge. This study not only provides a comprehensive analysis of the streamflow composition in the YZR, but also contributes to shaping a more complete picture of the functionality of the Himalayan water tower, highlighting the importance of groundwater in regional water transfers.
Understanding Surface Air Temperature Cold Bias Over China in CMIP6 Models
Authors: Wang Liquan , Liu Zhaochen , Lang Xianmei , Jiang Dabang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe systematic simulated cold biases in models for surface air temperature (SAT) over China have been under discussion for a long time, but the related attribution is still unclear. In this study, we investigate the main contributors and relevant physical processes of SAT biases over China based on 31 models participating in the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project from a surface energy budget perspective. On annual and seasonal scales, less downward clear‐sky longwave radiation in the models, which is due to the underestimated tropospheric temperature and water vapor amount, is the main cause of cold biases over the Tibetan Plateau, Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, and most of eastern China. Meanwhile, the simulation biases in surface albedo and sensible heat flux induce cold biases depending on regions and seasons. In winter and spring, the overestimated surface albedo in association with more snow cover leads to prevalent cold biases over the western Tibetan Plateau and Northeast China. Excessive sensible heat release caused by the overestimated ground–air temperature difference facilitates SAT underestimation in the Sichuan Basin during summer and autumn. In addition, the cold biases in winter and spring are larger than those in summer and autumn, due to the stronger snow cover overestimation and tropospheric temperature underestimation.
Evidence for a Temporary Positive Priming Effect in Aquatic Systems With Certain Substrates and Isotopic Discrimination of DOM Sources
Authors: Laffet Wafa , Prentice Andrea , Tremblay Luc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe “priming effect” (PE) is well documented in soils, but contradictory results have been reported in aquatic ecosystems. To investigate whether the presence of easily degradable labile dissolved organic matter (LDOM) changes the biodegradation rate of nonlabile DOM (NLDOM), incubations were performed with various sources of LDOM and NLDOM in microcosms amended with nutrients and a microbial inoculum. Stable carbon isotope analysis of DOM was used for the first time to estimate the PE. A significant positive PE (15%–34% of initial NLDOM) was measured, but only with mixed (glucose + amino acids) or complex (disaccharide) LDOM. Regardless of the LDOM, no PE was measured with more recalcitrant NLDOM (half‐life of 128 days here), when the LDOM/NLDOM ratio was low (0.3 versus 1), and when the NLDOM and microbial inoculum were from the same water (no mixing). The presence of sediments likely enhances microbial diversity and NLDOM degradation rate, but it did not increase the PE. Microbial use of LDOM produced new microbial NLDOM that should be discriminated (here by isotopes) from initial NLDOM for accurate PE measurements. The PE was temporary and lasted about 2 weeks after one LDOM addition. In areas with frequent additions of LDOM, a long‐lasting PE is expected and may significantly increase CO2 production. Exposing refractory DOM to new conditions and microbial community, such as during natural water mixing, seems to exert a strong control on its dynamics. Here, the addition of a new microbial inoculum had a stronger effect than adding LDOM or the PE.
Degradation of a Foreland River After the Wenchuan Earthquake, China: A Combined Effect of Weirs, Sediment Supply, and Sediment Mining
Authors: Lin Yongpeng , An Chenge , Zheng Shan , Nie Ruihua , Parker Gary , Hassan Marwan A. , Czapiga Matthew J. , Fu Xudong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince the 2008 Wenchuan (Ms. 8.0) Earthquake, the foreland rivers of the Longmen Mountains have suffered from significant bed degradation, among which the Shi‐ting River has experienced the largest local degradation of more than 20 m in 7 years. Potential reasons of the dramatic degradation include: (a) sediment disconnectivity due to in‐channel weirs; (b) the mobilization effect on gravel of an increased sand supply as a result of earthquake‐induced landslides; and (c) sediment extraction due to intensive mining. In this paper, we study the complex interaction among the above‐mentioned factors in the Shi‐ting River, using a one‐dimensional river morphodynamic model. Simulation results show that in‐channel weirs can reduce bedload transport and lead to bed degradation that is proportional to weir height. When coupled with additional sand supply, the weirs preferentially trap gravel and deliver sand, augmenting the downstream mobility of gravel and thus the degradation. For the Shi‐ting River, the simulated bed degradation agrees well with the observation when an annual sediment mining of 16 million tons is implemented in the simulation, along with the effects of in‐channel weirs and sand supply. The contribution of sediment mining is one order of magnitude larger than the coupling effect of weirs and sand supply. Both the simulation and observation show that the largest bed degradation occurs downstream of the Renmin Weir, due to the large spatial interval between the Renmin Weir and the next grade control structure.
Emerging significance and therapeutic targets of ferroptosis: a potential avenue for human kidney diseases
Authors: Li Jinghan , Zheng Sujuan , Fan Yumei , Tan Ke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKidney diseases remain one of the leading causes of human death and have placed a heavy burden on the medical system. Regulated cell death contributes to the pathology of a plethora of renal diseases. Recently, with in-depth studies into kidney diseases and cell death, a new iron-dependent cell death modality, known as ferroptosis, has been identified and has attracted considerable attention among researchers in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases and therapeutics to treat them. The majority of studies suggest that ferroptosis plays an important role in the pathologies of multiple kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. In this review, we summarize recently identified regulatory molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, discuss ferroptosis pathways and mechanisms of action in various kidney diseases, and describe the protective effect of ferroptosis inhibitors against kidney diseases, especially AKI. By summarizing the prominent roles of ferroptosis in different kidney diseases and the progress made in studying ferroptosis, we provide new directions and strategies for future research on kidney diseases. In summary, ferroptotic factors are potential targets for therapeutic intervention to alleviate different kidney diseases, and targeting them may lead to new treatments for patients with kidney diseases.