bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Its Cross-Generational Familial Association With Anxiety Disorders in a National Swedish Extended Adoption Study
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S. , Abrahamsson Linda , Ohlsson Henrik , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceWe know little about the transmission of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) across generations.ObjectiveTo evaluate the sources of parent-offspring transmission of OCD and familial cross-generational association with more typical anxiety disorders.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis Swedish population register–based study analyzed data for offspring born in Sweden from 1960 to 1995 from the following 4 family types: intact, not-lived-with biological father, lived-with stepfather, and adoptive. Follow-up occurred on December 31, 2018, and data were analyzed from April 6, 2022, to September 26, 2022.ExposuresThree sources of parent-offspring resemblance: genes plus rearing, genes only, and rearing only.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDiagnoses of OCD, all anxiety disorders, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social phobia, and panic disorder were obtained from national inpatient, outpatient, and primary care medical registers. Parent-child resemblance was assessed by tetrachoric correlation (r).ResultsThe offspring population consisted of 2 413 128 individuals; mean (SD) age at follow-up was 40.2 (10.7) years, 1 258 670 individuals (52.2%) were male, and 1 154 458 individuals (47.8%) were female. For each type of parent-child relationship, the best-estimate correlation for OCD for genes plus rearing was 0.19 (95% CI, 0.17 to 0.20); genes only, 0.18 (95% CI, 0.11 to 0.24); and rearing only, 0.04 (95% CI, −0.10 to 0.19). From bivariate adoption analyses, the cross-generational genetic correlations between OCD with anxiety disorder diagnostic categories were estimated as follows: for all anxiety disorders, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.46 to 0.77); GAD, 0.87 (95% CI, 0.53 to 1.00); social phobia, 0.70 (95% CI, 0.31 to 1.00); and panic disorder, 0.47 (95% CI, 0.20 to 0.73).Conclusions and RelevanceThis Swedish population register–based study found that OCD was transmitted from parents to children largely through a genetic relationship, with rearing playing a minor role. Viewed cross-generationally, OCD and anxiety disorders were moderately genetically correlated, with the genetic correlations strongest between OCD and GAD, intermediate for OCD and social phobia, and weakest between OCD and panic disorder. These genetic correlations were modestly attenuated when diagnostic hierarchies were imposed before analysis.
Enzymatically Crosslinked Collagen as a Versatile Matrix for In Vitro and In Vivo Co‐Engineering of Blood and Lymphatic Vasculature
Authors: Rütsche Dominic , Nanni Monica , Rüdisser Simon , Biedermann Thomas , Zenobi‐Wong Marcy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdequate vascularization is required for the successful translation of many in vitro engineered tissues. This study presents a novel collagen derivative that harbors multiple recognition peptides for orthogonal enzymatic crosslinking based on sortase A (SrtA) and Factor XIII (FXIII). SrtA‐mediated crosslinking enables the rapid co‐engineering of human blood and lymphatic microcapillaries and mesoscale capillaries in bulk hydrogels. Whereas tuning of gel stiffness determines the extent of neovascularization, the relative number of blood and lymphatic capillaries recapitulates the ratio of blood and lymphatic endothelial cells originally seeded into the hydrogel. Bioengineered capillaries readily form luminal structures and exhibit typical maturation markers both in vitro and in vivo. The secondary crosslinking enzyme Factor XIII is used for in situ tethering of the VEGF mimetic QK peptide to collagen. This approach supports the formation of blood and lymphatic capillaries in the absence of exogenous VEGF. Orthogonal enzymatic crosslinking is further used to bioengineer hydrogels with spatially defined polymer compositions with pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic properties. Finally, macroporous scaffolds based on secondary crosslinking of microgels enable vascularization independent from supporting fibroblasts. Overall, this work demonstrates for the first time the co‐engineering of mature micro‐ and meso‐sized blood and lymphatic capillaries using a highly versatile collagen derivative.
Near Zero‐Threshold Voltage P‐N Junction Diodes Based on Super‐Semiconducting Nanostructured Ag/Al Arrays
Authors: Li Zhigang , Li Jiteng , Wang Weike , Yan Qijie , Zhou Yongrui , Zhu Luping , Cao Bingqiang , Wei Bingqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSemiconductor devices are currently one of the most common energy consumption devices. Significantly reducing the energy consumption of semiconductor devices with advanced energy‐efficient technologies is highly desirable. The discovery of super‐semiconductors (SSCs) based on metallic bi‐layer shell arrays provides an opportunity to realize ultra‐low‐power consumption semiconductor devices. As an example, the achievement of near zero‐threshold voltage in p‐n junction diodes based on super‐semiconducting nanostructured Ag/Al arrays is reported, realizing ultra‐low‐power p‐n junction diodes: ≈3 W per trillion diodes with a working voltage of 1 V or 30 mW per trillion diodes with an operating voltage of 0.1 V. In addition, the p‐n junction diodes exhibit a high breakdown field of ≈1.1 × 106 V cm−1, similar to that of SiC and GaN, due to a robust built‐in field driven by infrared light photons. The SSC p‐n diodes with near zero‐threshold voltage and high breakdown field allow access to ultra‐low‐power semiconducting transistors, integrated circuits, chips, etc.
Polarization‐Controlled Chromo‐Encryption
Authors: Wang Hsiang‐Chu , Martin Olivier J. F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe response of simple plasmonic nanorods to polarized illumination is studied in detail. Depending on the orientation of that polarization with respect to the symmetry axes of the nanostructure, a chiral response can occur, which can be analyzed through a second polarizer, in order to control the spectral response of the system. Specifically, for the Ag nanorods fabricated here, a broad variety of colors can be produced that cover half of the chromaticity diagram. Depending on the illumination and detection polarizations, these colors range from white to vivid colors or even black, in spite of the fact that the material at hand does not absorb much light. By exploiting two additional degrees of freedom, namely the nanorod length and its orientation within the unit cell, it is possible to produce a very rich palette of optical effects that are controlled by the polarization of light. Their utilization to reproduce artworks is demonstrated, together with their operation as encrypting system, where the polarizations are used as keys and the message is encrypted in a quaternary color subset.
Numerical analysis of reaction kinetic accompanying flow and dispersion in structured ZSM‐5@SiC open‐cell foam catalyst
Authors: Yan Peng , Ding Qiuyan , Zou Jing , Na Jian , Geng Xueli , Li Hong , Gao Xin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChaotic flow inside porous media accelerates the transport, mixing, and reaction of molecules and particles in widespread natural and factitious processes. Current macroscopic models based on the average pore‐scale variations show obvious limitations in the prediction of many chemical processes. In this article, we reconstruct microscopic foam structures using micro‐computed tomography to simulate fluid flow in structured ZSM‐5@SiC foam catalyst. Moreover, we propose a conceptual model based on the microscopic mean square displacement theory to characterize the effective dispersion inside an open‐cell foam. This model will explain the flow characteristics of confined fluid inside the porous media from fluid elements perspective. Particularly, dispersion factor and structure factor, as key parts of this model, perfectly interpret the driving characteristics of pressure drop, velocity different, and reaction in continuous foam media flow. This work also provides a unique means of predicting reaction kinetics of confined fluid in structured foam catalyst.
Alloying‐Triggered Phase Engineering of NiFe System via Laser‐Assisted Al Incorporation for Full Water Splitting
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Lu Haolin , Zhu Shengli , Cui Zhenduo , Li Zhaoyang , Wu Shuilin , Xu Wence , Liang Yanqin , Long Guankui , Jiang Hui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is challenging to design one non‐noble material with balanced bifunctional performance for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for commercial sustainability at a low cost since the different electrocatalytic mechanisms are not easily matchable for each other. Herein, a self‐standing hybrid system Ni18Fe12Al70, consisting of Ni2Al3and Ni3Fe phases, was constructed by laser‐assisted aluminum (Al) incorporation towards full water splitting. It was found that the incorporation of Al could effectively tune the morphologies, compositions and phases. The results indicate that Ni18Fe12Al70delivers an extremely low overpotential to trigger both HER (η100=188 mV) and OER (η100=345 mV) processes and maintains a stable overpotential for 100 h, comparable to state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts. The synergistic effect of Ni2Al3and Ni3Fe alloys on the HER process is confirmed based on theoretical calculation.
Accelerated cell culture process development and characterization for cilgavimab/tixagevimab (AZD7442) for the prevention and treatment of COVID‐19
Authors: Handlogten Michael W. , Bosley Stefanie , Dunn Sarah , Zhu Jie , Lee‐O'Brien Allison , Li Lina , Therres Jamy , Chakrabarti Lina , Khanal Bijay , Mowery Rachel , Arumugam Subhashini , Klover Judith , Taleb Mohammed , Reier Jason , Hatton Diane , Schmelzer Albert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe global COVID‐19 pandemic ignited an unprecedented race to develop vaccines and antibody therapeutics. AstraZeneca's pursuit to provide AZD7442 (EVUSHELD), two long‐acting, SARS‐CoV‐2 spike receptor binding domain‐specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, to individuals at risk on highly accelerated timelines challenged our traditional ways of process development and spurred the rapid adoption of novel approaches. Conventional upstream development processes were replaced by agile strategies that combined technological advances and highly accelerated workflows. With calculated business risks and close cross‐functional collaborations, this process paved the way for hyper accelerated antibody development from discovery through manufacturing, process validation, emergency use authorization filing, and global regulatory approvals. The result was initiation of commercial manufacturing at a contract manufacturing organization less than 6 months from the selection of cilgavimab and tixagevimab—a process that historically has taken close to 10 years.
Repeat hepatic resection combined with intraoperative radiofrequency ablation versus repeat hepatic resection alone for recurrent and multiple hepatocellular carcinoma patients meeting the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Huang Yang , Xu Liangliang , Huang Min , Jiang Li , Xu Mingqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe surgical indications and therapeutic strategies for early‐stage multifocal and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) remain controversial. This study compared the long‐term outcome of patients with recurrent and multifocal HCC meeting the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A with repeat hepatectomy (RH) and RH combined with intraoperative radiofrequency ablation (RFA).MethodsA total of 109 consecutive patients with intrahepatic early‐stage multifocal rHCC within BCLC stage A following RH or RH + RFA were retrospectively collected from April 2010 to May 2020. Propensity score matching, subgroup analysis, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Overall survival after recurrence (rOS) and recurrence‐free survival after recurrence (rRFS) were calculated by Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsThe 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year rOS and rRFS of the combination group and the RH group were similar (p = .699; p = .587, respectively). The similar results also appeared in matched population. Subgroup analyses indicated that there was no significant difference between patients with two tumors and three tumors, but the RH group was associated with better rRFS than the combination group for patients whose tumors were located in the same lobe (p = .045). Multivariate analysis revealed that time to recurrence (TTR) ≤ 2 years and intrahepatic metastasis (IM) pathologically were independent risk factors.ConclusionsFor multifocal rHCC patients meeting the BCLC stage A, tumor which is difficult to be surgically resected could be treated by RFA in order to avoid complications or bleeding. Tumors which were located in the same lobe may be more suitable to be treated by RH alone.
Blue light induces apoptosis and autophagy by promoting ROS‐mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in synovial sarcoma
Authors: Takeuchi Makoto , Nishisho Toshihiko , Toki Shunichi , Kawaguchi Shinji , Tamaki Shunsuke , Oya Takeshi , Uto Yoshihiro , Katagiri Toyomasa , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSynovial sarcoma (SS) has limited treatment options and there is an urgent need to develop a novel therapeutic strategy to treat SS. Blue light (BL) has been shown to inhibit the growth of several cancer cells. However, the efficacy of BL in soft tissue sarcomas such as SS has not been demonstrated, and the detailed mechanism underlying the antitumor activity of BL is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of BL on SS.MethodsHuman SS cell lines were continuously irradiated with BL using light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) in an incubator for in vitro analysis. The chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) tumors and xenograft tumors in mice were subjected to daily BL irradiation with LEDs.ResultsBL caused growth inhibition of SS cells and histological changes in CAM tumors. BL also suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of SS cells. The type of cell death in SS cells was revealed to be apoptosis. Furthermore, BL induced excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria, resulting in oxidative stress and malfunctioned mitochondria. Reducing the production of ROS using N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, attenuated the inhibitory effect of BL on SS cells and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, BL induced autophagy, which was suppressed by the administration of NAC. The autophagy inhibitor of 3‐methyladenine and small interfering RNA against the autophagy marker light chain 3B facilitated apoptotic cell death. Moreover, BL suppressed tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model.ConclusionTaken together, our results revealed that BL induced apoptosis via the ROS‐mitochondrial signaling pathway, and autophagy was activated in response to the production of ROS, which protected SS cells from apoptosis. Therefore, BL is a promising candidate for the development of an antitumor therapeutic strategy targeting SS.
Fabrication of Transition Metal (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu)‐Embedded Faveolate ZnFe2O4 Spinel Structure with Robust CO2 Hydrogenation into Value‐added C2+ Hydrocarbons
Authors: Cai Wei , Han Hongjie , Hu Chenyao , Ye Caichao , Cao Yan , Wang Yi , Fu Junxiang , Zhao Yunxia , Bu Yunfei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCO2 hydrogenation is the most efficient way to achieve the goal of “Carbon Neutral,” and the transition metals (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu)‐embedded faveolate ZnFe2O4 were fabricated and then evaluated with a CO2 hydrogenation test. The systematic investigation of the effect of the introduced transition metals on the catalytic performance revealed that the activity was influenced by the surface structure, especially by the surface Fe−C percentages. The introduction of Zn could increase CO2 adsorption, thus promoting the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction, which is considered the first step during CO2 hydrogenation. The surface Fe−C species played a significant role during the Fischer‐Tropsch (F−T) synthesis, specific to the carbon chain growth process. Among all catalysts, Co‐doped ZnFe2O4 exhibited the highest surface Fe−C percentage; therefore, it exhibited the optimal CO2 conversion, C2+ selectivity, C2‐C4 space‐time yield, and olefin/paraffin ratio, which were 42.12 %, 81.26 %, 34.64 %, and 40.25 %, respectively. Furthermore, the introduced Co species can also act as active sites to enhance the activation and dissociation of CO2, as confirmed by theoretical adsorption calculations.
Beneficial Effect of W Incorporation in Supported Mo‐based Catalysts for the HDO of m‐Cresol
Authors: Farah Bertha , Lancelot Christine , Blanchard Pascal , Richard Frédéric , Lamonier Carole 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of m‐cresol was investigated at 340 °C under 30 bar as total pressure over molybdenum oxide‐based catalysts. 10 wt.% Mo were first deposited on various supports (ZrO2, TiO2, Al2O3 and COK12). The use of oxophilic ZrO2 and TiO2 supports allowed to obtain the highest HDO catalytic performances. This result could be in link with the reducibility of Mo, which was found to be dependent on the support nature. Several catalysts containing both W and Mo in oxide phase supported on ZrO2 were then prepared using various heteropolyacids as precursors (H4SiMoxW12‐xO40 with x=0, 3, 6, 9 and 12). A synergy was observed between Mo and W and the best catalytic performance was obtained for SiMo9W3/ZrO2. More importantly, the presence of W improved the reducibility of Mo6+ to Mo5+ species, which quantity was correlated to catalytic activity suggesting that Mo5+ could be the active phase in HDO.
Theoretical Calculations on Metal Catalysts Toward Water‐Gas Shift Reaction: a Review
Authors: Yin Pan , Yang Yusen , Yan Hong , Wei Min 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWater‐gas shift (WGS) reaction offers a dominating path to hydrogen generation from fossil fuel, in which heterogeneous metal catalysts play a crucial part in this course. This review highlights and summarizes recent developments on theoretical calculations of metal catalysts developed to date, including surface structure (e. g., monometallic and polymetallic systems) and interface structure (e. g., supported catalysts and metal oxide composites), with special emphasis on the characteristics of crystal‐face effect, alloying strategy, and metal‐support interaction. A systematic summarization on reaction mechanism was performed, including redox mechanism, associative mechanism as well as hybrid mechanism; the development on chemical kinetics (e. g., molecular dynamics, kinetic Monte Carlo and microkinetic simulation) was then introduced. At the end, challenges associated with theoretical calculations on metal catalysts toward WGS reaction are discussed and some perspectives on the future advance of this field are provided.
Highly Fluorescent Supramolecular Nanoring Composed of Bent‐Shaped Cyanostilbene Derivatives and Cucurbit[8]urils
Authors: Il Kim Seong , Ju Kim Hyeong , Young Park Soo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSupramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs) made of organic guest molecule and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) in aqueous solution have great potential for diverse applications. Herein, we designed highly fluorescent zero‐dimensional (0D) nano‐ring SOF with CB[8] as a host and novel bent‐shaped cyanostilbene guest. This host–guest complex successfully formed macrocyclic hexamer and showed significantly enhanced fluorescence (ΦF=68 %) compared to non‐assembled monomer (ΦF=2 %). Unlike other SOFs, this 0D SOF could be dispersed uniformly without bundling phenomenon in water.
Introducing Aliphatic Fluoropeptides: Perspectives on Folding Properties, Membrane Partition and Proteolytic Stability
Authors: Hohmann Thomas , Chowdhary Suvrat , Ataka Kenichi , Er Jasmin , Dreyhsig Gesa Heather , Heberle Joachim , Koksch Beate 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA de novo designed class of peptide‐based fluoropolymers composed of fluorinated aliphatic amino acids as main components is reported. Structural characterization provided insights into fluorine‐induced alterations on β‐strand to α‐helix transition upon an increase in SDS content and revealed the unique formation of PPII structures for trifluorinated fluoropeptides. A combination of circular dichroism, fluorescence‐based leaking assays and surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy served to examine the insertion and folding processes into unilamellar vesicles. While partitioning into lipid bilayers, the degree of fluorination conducts a decrease in α‐helical content. Furthermore, this study comprises a report on the proteolytic stability of peptides exclusively built up by fluorinated amino acids and proved all sequences to be enzymatically degradable despite the degree of fluorination. Herein presented fluoropeptides as well as the distinctive properties of these artificial and polyfluorinated foldamers with enzyme‐degradable features will play a crucial role in the future development of fluorinated peptide‐based biomaterials.
Scaffold Remodelling of Diazaspirotricycles Enables Synthesis of Diverse sp3‐Rich Compounds With Distinct Phenotypic Effects
Authors: Okolo Ephraim A. , Pahl Axel , Sievers Sonja , Pask Christopher M. , Nelson Adam , Marsden Stephen P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA ‘top down’ scaffold remodelling approach to library synthesis was applied to spirotricyclic ureas prepared by a complexity‐generating oxidative dearomatisation. Eighteen structurally‐distinct, sp3‐rich scaffolds were accessed from the parent tricycle through ring addition, cleavage and expansion strategies. Biological screening of a small compound library based on these scaffolds using the cell‐painting assay demonstrated distinctive phenotypic responses engendered by different library members, illustrating the functional as well as structural diversity of the compounds.
Crown Ether‐Based Ion Transporters in Bilayer Membranes
Authors: He Lei , Zhang Tianlong , Zhu Canhong , Yan Tengfei , Liu Junqiu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBilayer membranes that enhance the stability of the cell are essential for cell survival, separating and protecting the interior of the cell from its external environment. Membrane‐based channel proteins are crucial for sustaining cellular activities. However, dysfunction of these proteins would induce serial channelopathies, which could be substituted by artificial ion channel analogs. Crown ethers (CEs) are widely studied in the area of artificial ion channels owing to their intrinsic host–guest interaction with different kinds of organic and inorganic ions. Other advantages such as lower price, chemical stability, and easier modification also make CE a research hotspot in the field of synthetic transmembrane nanopores. And numerous CEs‐based membrane‐active synthetic ion channels were designed and fabricated in the past decades. Herein, the recent progress of CEs‐based synthetic ion transporters has been comprehensively summarized in this review, including their design principles, functional mechanisms, controllable properties, and biomedical applications. Furthermore, this review has been concluded by discussing the future opportunities and challenges facing this research field. It is anticipated that this review could offer some inspiration for the future fabrication of novel CEs‐derived ion transporters with more advanced structures, properties, and practical applications.