bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic high pressure phase transformation of ZrW2O8
Authors: Bishop Sean R. , Lowry Daniel R. , Peretti Amanda S. , Kalita Pat , Knudson Marcus D. , Sarracino Alex , Mahaffey Jacob T. , Murray Shannon E. 
Published: June 2023

Phase transformations under high strain rates (dynamic compression) are examined in situ on ZrW2O8, a negative thermal expansion ternary ceramic displaying polymorphism. Amorphization, consistent with prior quasi-static measurements, was observed at a peak pressure of 3.0 GPa under dynamic conditions, which approximate those expected during fabrication. Evidence of partial amorphization was observed at lower pressure (1.8 GPa) that may be kinetically restrained by the short (&lt;∼150 ns) time scale of the applied high pressure. The impact of kinetics of pressure-induced amorphization from material fabrication methods is briefly discussed.
CrB-type, ordered α-MnB: Single crystal structure and spin-canted magnetic behavior
Authors: Kalyon Nalan , Zieschang Anne-Marie , Hofmann Kathrin , Lepple Maren , Fries Maximilian , Skokov Konstantin P. , Dürrschnabel Michael , Kleebe Hans-Joachim , Gutfleisch Oliver , Albert Barbara 
Published: June 2023

Manganese monoboride has a low- (α) and a high-temperature (β) modification, as well as a defect-rich low-temperature variant (α′). The crystal structure (FeB-type structure, s.g. Pnma) and properties of high-temperature MnB are well-known. In this work, single crystals were grown via chemical vapor transport reactions, both of β-MnB and the low-temperature modification, α-MnB. This allowed for determining the crystal structure of defect-free α-MnB [CrB-type structure, s.g. Cmcm, a = 3.0098(6) Å, b = 7.6390(2) Å, and c = 2.94620(6) Å]. Furthermore, α′-MnB, the stacking fault-dominated CrB-variant, was obtained as crystalline powder and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Direction-resolved measurements of the magnetic properties of α-MnB revealed spin-canted magnetic behavior along c and ferromagnetism along a and b with a Curie temperature of 456 K; ferromagnetic β-MnB has a Curie temperature of 568 K.
Innovative all-organic dielectric composite for dielectric capacitor with great energy storage performance based on thermodynamic compatibility
Authors: Zhang Yue , He Xin , Li Sen , Zhang Changhai , Zhang Yongquan , Zhang Tiandong , Wang Xuan , Chi Qingguo 
Published: June 2023

In modern electronics and power systems, good-performance dielectric capacitors have an essential function. Polymer-based dielectrics are widely used in the field of dielectric capacitors because of their large dielectric constant, flexibility, low density, and ease of processing. At present, ferroelectric polymers suffer from low breakdown field strength and high dielectric losses. How to improve the performance of dielectric materials in capacitors is still a promising research. This paper chooses the ferroelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) that worked as the matrix, and the linear polymers polyimide, cyanoethyl pullulan (CR-S), polyethersulfone, and cyanoethylated cellulose served as fillers. This all-organic dielectric composite produced as films working in electrostatic energy storage devices is prepared by using a casting method. Analyzing the test results, the composite film exhibited excellent electrical properties when the CR-S doping content was 5 wt. %. The organic composite dielectric based on CR-S/PVDF has a breakdown field strength of 450 MV/m, a discharge energy storage density (Ue) of 10.3 J/cm3, a high dielectric constant of 10.9, and a low dielectric loss of 0.004 at 1 kHz, which is a significant improvement compared with other dielectric composites. This all-organic dielectric composite strategy offers a new approach to achieve better-performance dielectric energy storage materials.
Interference of sterile oat (Avena ludoviciana) and Mexican pricklepoppy (Argemone mexicana) in chickpea
Authors: Mahajan Gulshan , Chauhan Bhagirath Singh 
Published: June 2023

Context Knowledge gaps exist for the interference of Avena ludoviciana and Argemone mexicana in chickpea grown in eastern Australia. Aims This research aimed to examine the effect of different interference levels of A. ludoviciana and A. mexicana for their potential to cause yield loss in chickpea. Methods Experiments were conducted in a randomised complete block design with five weed infestation levels of both weeds (none, low, medium, high, and very high) in three replications. Key results Infestations of A. ludoviciana and A. mexicana at 15 and 17 plants m−2 caused an 83 and 48% reduction in chickpea yield, respectively, compared with weed-free situations. Based on the regression model, a 50% yield reduction of chickpea occurred at 10 and 17 plants m−2 of A. ludoviciana and A. mexicana, respectively. Based on the modified hyperbolic model, maximum seed production of A. ludoviciana and A. mexicana in chickpea at an infestation level of 1 plant m−2 was estimated at 366 and 7800 seeds m−2, respectively. At crop harvest, seed retention of A. ludoviciana and A. mexicana was greater than 50 and 90%, respectively. Conclusions A. ludoviciana and A. mexicana infestation in chickpea caused a substantial reduction in crop yield. High seed retention in A. mexicana and A. ludoviciana in chickpea suggests the possibility to manage these two weeds through harvest weed seed control. Implications The information generated from this study could help in strengthening integrated weed management in chickpea.
Shielding design aspects of SR in 3 GeV ILSF
Authors: Salimi Ehsan , Jalali Hamideh Beigzadeh , Esfandi Fatemeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF) is an under-construction synchrotron radiation accelerator consisting of a 150 MeV linac, a booster synchrotron operating from 150 MeV to 3 GeV, and a 3 GeV storage ring that stores a maximum of 400 mA current of electrons. As the stored beam circulates, a fraction of the beam is lost due to interactions with gas molecules, interactions among beam particles, and orbital bending, which produce radiation. The bulk shielding calculation for the ILSF and the input parameters used for this analysis are discussed in this paper. The potential of skyshine neutrons to cause radiation hazards is investigated as well. Moreover, the design and shielding simulation using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code is presented for the linac beam stop and primary and scattered gas bremsstrahlung for the first optics enclosure of the ILSF spectro microscopy beamline. Our designed radiation shielding system guarantees that the annual dose in all areas around the ILSF machine does not exceed the dose limit of 1 mSv.
Analytical model and simulation study of a novel enhancement-mode Ga2O3 MISFET realized by p-GaN gate
Authors: Yi Bo , Zhang Song , Zhang ZhiNing , Cheng JunJi , Huang HaiMeng , Kong MouFu , Yang HongQiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel junction-less Ga2O3 metal–insulator–semiconductor field effect transistor (MISFET) with a p-GaN gate, named p-GaN Ga2O3-MISFET. A heavily doped thin layer p-GaN is set in the trench gate region to deeply deplete the n-Ga2O3 channel region owing to the high work function of the p-GaN. Thus, a high threshold voltage (V
TH) and breakdown voltage (BV) can be obtained even with a wide-fin design and low interface charge density (n
int), which ensures easy fabrication and a stable V
TH. Analytical modeling and experimentally calibrated technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulations confirm that with the increase of fin width (W
Fin) from 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm, the V
TH of the p-GaN Ga2O3-MISFET varies from 3.2 V to 2.4 V with n
int = −1 × 1011 cm−2, which is always about 2.2 V higher than those of conventional junction-less Ga2O3 MISFETs (CJL-MISFET). In addition, the BV of the CJL-MISFET decreases from ∼3400 V to ∼45 V with increasing W
Fin due to soft breakdown, while the BV of the p-GaN MISFET only decreases to 2800 V due to the enhanced electric field at the corner of the trench gate. Moreover, the activation energy and doping concentration (when larger than 3 × 1019 cm−3) of p-GaN barely affect the V
TH. Even so, a high V
TH remained in a common range of interface charge (from 1 × 1013 cm−2 to 2 × 1013 cm−2) at the p-GaN/Al2O3 interface.
PeV neutrinos of IceCube with very heavy fermion and very light scalar
Authors: Fan Zhao-Xing , Li Qin-Ze , Liu Chun , Reyimuaji Yakefu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A new physics scenario to explain PeV neutrinos observed in the IceCube experiment is introduced, with dark matter and dark energy considered. A slowly decaying very heavy fermion with a PeV mass as the dark matter particle is the origin of the PeV neutrinos. They couple to an extremely light field and this light field constitutes the dark energy.
Interannual and decadal variations of the Kuroshio axis in the East China Sea
Authors: Zhang Xiaoshuang , Wang Bin , Wang Xidong , Zhu Xiande , Wu Baoqin , Sun Chunjian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Much work has been focused on the variability and climatic effect of the Kuroshio Extension, but little focus on the Kuroshio variation in the East China Sea(ECS). This study, investigates the interannual and decadal migrations of Kuroshio axis(KA) in the ECS and its relationships to large-scale climate signals. On interannual timescale, variability of the KA in the ECS is closely related to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. The shifting of the main axis in ECS presents a dipolar pattern with the offshore (onshore) shift of the south (north) part KA in ECS under the El Niño events and onshore (offshore) shift under the La Niña events. The interannual variation (IVAR) is modulated dominantly by wind stress curl (WSC) and surface relative vorticity advection associated with the ENSO. On the decadal timescale, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) could cause the WSC and relative vorticity (RV) anomalies, and in turn modulates the fluctuation of KA. The PDO is the main factor and the NPGO is secondary factor for the decadal variation (DVAR) of the KA in ECS.
Climatology of Tropical Cyclone Intensity Landfalling on Luzon Island and China
Authors: Zhang Shuqin , Huang Zhefan , Zheng Yanzhu , Xue Yufeng , Tang Ruoying , Shi Yifan , Yang Wanqiong , Wang Zongyang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Using the TC best path data and the ERA5 reanalysis data, the statistical characteristics and environmental conditions for three types of TCs landfalling on Luzon Island and China during 1949-2020 (72 years) are investigated in this work. According to the intensity change before and after landing on Luzon Island, it can be divided into three types of TCs: “Weakening” TCs (40.0 %), and “Unchanging” TCs (33.6 %), and “Enhancing” TCs (26.4 %). The “Weakening” TCs had similar landing frequency in summer and autumn, stronger strength, longer lifespan and most of that landfalled on China with the northwest or westward track. The “Enhancing” TCs and “Unchanging” TCs occurred mostly in summer, their track were most of the westward track. The “Enhancing” TCs had the weakest strength and the shortest lifespan. It is found that the weakening effect of topography of Luzon Island to the TCs was greater than the strengthening effect. The precipitation of “Weakening” TCs was much greater than that of the other two types of TCs. And lower SST, the “Ventilation Flow” effect caused by topography of Luzon Island and abated water vapor transport were not conducive to the development of “Weakening” TCs. On the contrary, the higher SST and more weaken central VWS of “Enhancing” TCs provides favorable thermal and dynamic conditions for their development, moreover water vapor transport strengthen provided favorable moisture conditions. Affected by the convergence of topography of Luzon Island arose in three types of TCs were the greatest precipitation during landing on Luzon Island.
Experimental and observational analysis of vertical characteristics of internal solitary waves
Authors: Peng Pai , Du Hui , Wei Gang , Wang Shaodong , Xuan Pu , Xu Junnan , Cai Shuqun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The basic elements of internal solitary waves (ISWs) were obtained by vertically placed sensors in the laboratory experiment and in-situ observation. The vertical characteristics of the amplitude and waveform are analysed experimentally and observationally. Then the experimental and observational results were compared with the theoretical model. The study shows that the experimental amplitude-frequency relationship is closer to that in the two-layer model while the observational amplitude-frequency relationship is more approaching to that in the continuously stratified model. Experimental and observational results reveal that the amplitude of ISWs increase first and then decrease with an increasing depth. The sech2 function of the KdV theory can describe the waveforms of ISWs at different depths well.
Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of SST in the North Pacific Ocean in Summer
Authors: Zhang Yun-xiang , Hong Mei , Shi Jian , Wu Xin-jie , Guo Zi-long 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Using Hadley Centre Sea Sea Surface Temperature data in the North Pacific region (0°N~60°N, 120°E~80°W) from 1950 to 2017, based on Empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis, the multi-year spatio-temporal field of SST in the North Pacific Ocean in summer into three main modes is decomposed into three modes. The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of SST in the North Pacific summer (June to August) are discussed in detail. The results show that the spatial distribution and time series of the first mode can reflect ENSO signal well. Compared with the first mode, the spatial field of the second mode has an inverse phase distribution. The spatial field distribution of the third mode is similar to the zonal distribution, and the whole sea area presents an oscillating structure of alternating cold and warm regions from south to north.
A modified sea ice area empirical prediction model based on multi-source satellite remote sensing data for Liaodong Bay of the Bohai Sea, China
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Wei Dongni , Wang Xifeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Liaodong Bay is located in the north of the Bohai Sea, China. It experiences ice conditions of different degrees every year for about 3 months. Accurate prediction of sea ice area is of great significance for various marine activities. An empirical models based on the cumulative freezing temperature and cumulative melting temperature have been proposed in the past studies. This model can well describe the freezing and melting trend during each ice age, but it lost its accuracy for the prediction of short-term drastic change of sea ice area. In the present study, a modified empirical model considering sea surface temperature and wind besides cumulative freezing temperature and cumulative melting temperature is proposed. The coefficients of the modified model are fitted by the matched sea ice area of Liaodong Bay extracted from the multivariate satellite remote sensing images and the hydro-meteorological data from 2015, 2016, 2018 and 2019, while the data of 2020 are used for verification. Results show that the modified model can better adapt to the dramatic changes of sea ice area caused by short-term weather processes. The average absolute error is 685.71 km2 and the relative error is 23%. Finally, the influence of sea ice area on the time lag of temperature response and other factors such as water depth are discussed.
Spatio-temporal characteristics of global maritime ship casualties
Authors: Li Jian , Liu Haiyang , Zhang Wei , Huang Quanyi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Maritime transportation safety of ships is important for international trade. Analyzing the spatio-temporal characteristics of global maritime ship casualties is the basis for maritime ship traffic planning, risk assessment and prevention. Based on the global maritime ship casualty data from 2000 to 2019, the number of the ship casualties were count by detailed event type, year, and month. Kernel density estimation of four periods were carried out. Sea areas around the English Channel, and the Aegean Sea were the hotspots from 2000 to 2019. The Korea Strait, Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Gulf of Alaska, Malacca Strait, and sea areas near Shanghai were also the hotspots in some of the four periods from 2000 to 2019.
A High Precision Tidal Model Based on Multisource Tidal Harmonic Constants for Offshore China
Authors: He Weiwei , Wang Qijie , Zhang Huayi , Wang Mengrui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As the accuracy of analytical instruments improve, the accuracy of ocean tide load displacement (OTLD) in geodesy and ocean dynamics is becoming increasingly demanding. The method of integrating through the load Green’s function using the ocean tide model is the main means of OTLD correction. However, although different tidal models have high accuracy in open ocean regions, they are less precise and less practical in the offshore areas of China, making it difficult to correct OTLDs accurately in complicated coastline areas of China. In this work, we evaluate the accuracy of 13 different tidal models in offshore China, and construct a new tidal model, new.chinasea.2022, based on the combination of high-precision tidal harmonic parameters. The OTLD correction efficiency of new.chinasea.2022 and conventional tidal models was assessed by wRMS analysis of GPS coordinate time series from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC). It turns out that (1) the newly released tidal model performs better than the old model in offshore China, and there are differences in the performance of different models for each tidal constituent in different seas; (2) The OTLD correction of new.chinasea.2022 performed better in the offshore region of China, improving the correction of FES2004 by 1%-12% and osu.chinasea.2010 by 1%-6.5%.
Evaluation of the global ocean forecast system in NMEFC with the IV-TT class4 metrics
Authors: Mo H E , Qin Y H , Zu Z Q , Zhang Y 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Based on the IV-TT Class4 metrics, this paper comprehensively evaluates the forecasting performance of the National Marine Environment Forecast Center High-resolution Global Ocean Forecasting System (hereinafter referred to as NMEFC-NEMO) on sea surface temperature (SST), sea level anomaly (SLA) and temperature-salinity profiles. The RMSE of NMEFC-NEMO for SST and SLA over forecast length has the smallest error among the international operational systems, which are 0.45°C and 0.07m, respectively. The forecast accuracy of NMEFC-NEMO temperature and salt profile RMSE is in the middle among the operational systems, with the values of 0.69°C and 0.24 PSU. In the profile forecast, the error of NMEFC-NEMO is slightly larger than other systems at 50-100 m depth, which is related to the fact that NMEFC-NEMO does not assimilate ARGO temperature and salinity directly. In addition, with respect to the forecast skill scores, NMEFC-NEMO has a positive climatology skill scores for both SST and SLA, and the persistence skill scores for SST is better than that for SLA.
Inter-comparison of global ice sea coupling model based on NEMO and MITgcm
Authors: Liu Xin , Zeng Chongji , Yin Tienan , Wang Zhaoyi , Li Zhijie , Yao Zhongyuan , Zhang Yu , Yan Qihui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Two global high-resolution ice sea coupling model established on basis of NEMO and MITgcm were systematically evaluated, by comparing the climatology simulation results of their sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea surface current and sea ice area with SODA3, EN4, and NSIDC. The simulation accuracy of each element in the global and typical sea areas are quantitatively evaluated. The global RMSE of SST modeled by NEMO and MITgcm are 0.38°C and 0.46°C, respectively. NEMO had lower SST RMSE in strong current areas, especially in Kuroshio and Antarctic circumpolar currents, while MITgcm had better SST simulations in low-middle latitudes and most of Arctic Ocean. The global RMSE of SSS of NEMO and MITgcm is 0.47psu and 0.69psu, and the highest RMSE of SSS of the two models are in the Arctic Ocean. The RMSE of NEMO and MITgcm on surface current simulations are 0.0465m/s and 0.0474m/s, and both NEMO and MITgcm have high RMSE in their simulations of strong currents. The sea ice area simulated by NEMO and MITgcm are basically the same as that of NSIDC in spatial morphology, and the absolute value of the relative error of sea ice area in the Antarctic and Arctic of the two models are within 25%. The inter-comparison and evaluation results provide a reference for the product application and the model improvement of the two high-resolution ice sea coupling models.
Development of the Operational Oceanography Forecasting System in the Northwest Pacific
Authors: Wang Zhaoyi , Liu Guimei , Li Wei , Wang Hui , Wang Dakui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
An operational oceanography forecasting system is established on the base of ROMS and data assimilation method to provide operational predictions and maritime safety applications for the Northwest Pacific. After 10 years spun up through integration, the system reaches a stable field of annual circulation. The model was then integrated from 1990 to 2012 to obtain the assimilation background. After the evaluation of observation data, the ocean forecasting system has been put into operation since 2013 and has been updated for several times. Through the validation of 2018, the system can accurately simulate the main marine environmental characteristics of the northwest pacific. The system can provide high-resolution marine environment fields for red tide, green tide drift and diffusion, oil spill, marine fishery, marine resources development, marine search and rescue, etc.
Numerical simulations on waves in the Northwest Pacific Ocean based on SWAN models
Authors: Jialei Lv , Jian Shi , Wenjing Zhang , Jingmin Xia , Qianhui Wang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Waves are one of the most important dynamic phenomena in the ocean, and thus numerical simulations of ocean wave is of great importance. Based on SWAN wave numerical model, this paper simulates the waves in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and analyzes the wave height field in the sea area. Moreover, A new wave period parameterization scheme is proposed according to the relationship between the wave height and wave period, in addition, the simulation mode of wave period elements in the Northwest Pacific Ocean is optimized by analyzing the difference of wave period under the proposed parameterization scheme.
Impact of Hydrodynamic and Suspended Sediment on Liyashan Oyster Reef
Authors: Yang H. B. , Wu H. B. , Chen F. , Chen Z. P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Based on the sensitivity of oysters to water environmental factors, a hydrodynamic model in Tongzhou Bay, southwest of China’s Yellow Sea, is set up to analyse the impact of the hydrodynamic and suspended sediment on the Liyashan Oyster Reef. The results show that the hydrodynamic characteristics of the waters near the oyster reef will not be significantly affected by the implementation of the project. The diffusion range of suspended sediment concentration greater than 10mg/L caused by channel dredging will not reach and affect oyster reef area, and the growth of oysters will not be significantly affected by Tongzhou Bay Channel Construction.