bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of the European Union’s Gender Approach in Its Support for the Colombian Peace Process
Authors: Mendia Azkue Irantzu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Colombian peace process is considered a conceptually and politically innovative one due to the relevance that the gender approach acquired in the 2016 Peace Agreement. Therefore, this chapter analyses the gender and peace agenda of the European Union’s cooperation in Colombia. The results point to an increase in gender mainstreaming, especially through the European Peace Fund. This trend is reinforced by the guidelines of the Gender Action Plan III (2020–2025), which state that 85% of all new EU actions in external relations must contribute to gender equality and women’s empowerment. However, other findings point to specific actions that can be assessed from a more critical perspective, for example: “adding” women in activities that are not based necessarily on analyses about the causes of gender inequality; adopting a “family approach” outside of gender considerations; reinforcing, homogenizing and victimizing images of women when they are reduced to the category of “vulnerable groups”; subsuming support for women in actions aimed at a diverse set of civil society subjects; the lack of integral gender and intersectional approaches; and the lack of a dual strategy that combines mainstreaming with a gender line of action that has its own financing.
Words Can Be Confusing: Stereotype Bias Removal in Text Classification at the Word Level
Authors: Shen Shaofei , Zhang Mingzhe , Chen Weitong , Bialkowski Alina , Xu Miao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractText classification is a widely used task in natural language processing. However, the presence of stereotype bias in text classification can lead to unfair and inaccurate predictions. Stereotype bias is particularly prevalent in words that are unevenly distributed across classes and are associated with specific categories. This bias can be further strengthened in pre-trained models on large natural language datasets. Prior works to remove stereotype bias have mainly focused on specific demographic groups or relied on specific thesauri without measuring the influence of stereotype words on predictions. In this work, we present a causal analysis of how stereotype bias occurs and affects text classification, and propose a framework to mitigate stereotype bias. Our framework detects potential stereotype bias words using SHAP values and alleviates bias in the prediction stage through a counterfactual approach. Unlike existing debiasing methods, our framework does not rely on existing stereotype word sets and can dynamically evaluate the influence of words on stereotype bias. Extensive experiments and ablation studies show that our approach effectively improves classification performance while mitigating stereotype bias.
Economic Growth and Land Use Restraint
Authors: Macchiaroli Maria , De Mare Gianluigi , Dolores Luigi , Del Vecchio Marianna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe injection of huge capital resulting from the European measures to cope with the pandemic (Next Generation EU) led to a revival of the economy which was then conditioned by the beginning of the war in Eastern Europe. The Italian situation promises considerable resources (PNRR) destined for the driving sectors of the production of goods and services. This will provoke the request for new settlement spaces for the rising companies and for the development of the existing ones. This need contrasts with the UN recommendations on the containment of land use (Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs - UN 2030), already supported by the European Commission (2012) in the guidelines for limiting, mitigating, and compensating for the waterproofing of the territory. Therefore, a gap is created between yearnings for economic growth and, on the other hand, urban and environmental sustainability, a dyscrasia which then finds a specific rebound in the regulatory-urbanistic condition of many municipalities whose areas of productive settlement must face up to nonrenewable expired expropriation constraints, despite the availability of lands included in the homogeneous areas intended for industrial settlement. If on the one hand this condition contains the transformation of new lands, on the other - in the presence of a strong demand for settlement - it entails the need to take a census of what is unused, to reacquire it to the public hand and to reintroduce it on the market at reasonable prices from a financial but also a social point of view. This study deals with this issue with reference to urban areas destined for industrial settlements, with reference to the definition of the problems of reacquisition, evaluation by reassignment and the discontinuity of the existing urban fabric due to the fragmented map made up of funds that become available again.The study presented will be followed, in the forthcoming publication, by the examination of a case study of an industrial area of the Italian territory.
Navigating the Green Transition During the Pandemic Equitably: A New Perspective on Technological Resilience Among Boston Neighborhoods Facing the Shock
Authors: Sohrabi Poya , Oikonomaki Eleni , Hamdy Nourhan , Kakderi Christina , Bevilacqua Carmelina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCities, public authorities, and private organizations respond to climate change with various green policies and strategies to enhance community resilience. However, these community-level transition processes are complex and require deliberate and collective planning. Under this context, the purpose of this study is to understand the energy actions taken at the local level, as well as to analyze the differences between the neighborhoods’ green energy transitions in terms of their socio-economic aspects, using a big data perspective. The paper is addressing the following question: what was the role that the pandemic played in accelerating or slowing Boston’s green investments, and to what extent do different racial and socioeconomic groups invest in green technologies during this period? The study aims to answer these research questions using the City of Boston as a case study to reveal different neighborhoods’ paths in achieving the transformation of city ecosystems towards green neutrality. Next, the theoretical framework builds the linkages among the city’s measures, climate actions proposed by the City of Boston, and their associated contexts and outcomes in shaping new policy and planning models for higher ‘green’ performance. Following the understanding of the actions, the neighborhoods’ socio-economic and building permit data were assessed to understand whether economic disparities exacerbated during the pandemic have affected neighborhoods’ performance in green transition. This method is applied in a comparative study of its 23 neighborhoods, using a dataset provided by Boston Area Research Initiative (BARI). Intriguingly, the paper’s findings show that racial differences within the city have no significant impact on tech-related expenditures. There is a clear negative correlation between poverty rate and investment, which indicates the reverse relationship between these socio-economic factors. The study concludes that city authorities will need to address the challenges of each community achieving green transition with more targeted programs based on its needs.
The Contribution of the Green Responsive Model to the Ecological and Digital Transition in the Built Environment
Authors: Lucanto Domenico , Nava Consuelo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe proposal represents a framework for the digital transition of the construction sector and architecture without depletion, towards a resilient system for the management of the circularity of resources and the optimization of performance in the building organism by intervening on the liminal space, controlling its impacts. The research on the themes of Advanced Sustainable Design, in which the approaches to circular design and UpCycling are placed, interprets the mission of the necessary ecological and digital transition, in the construction sector and for the architecture of buildings and spaces with zero impact, reforming design processes and using computational simulation and prototyping strategies. The experimental topics addressed in doctoral research experiences and competitive projects within ABITAlab, investigate the relationship between hypersustainability and enabling technologies, between advanced design and transition scenarios, providing a contribution to frontier research in which theoretical paradigms and experimental results are innovated and transferred to the sector of transformation of the built environment at the building and urban scale. The contribution reports some theoretical and experimental activities in progress. To summarize the topics that will be found within the paper, they can be listed: Introduction; Literature review; Experimental context; Green Responsive Model; Methodology; Green Responsive System approach; Results; Conclusions
S4 + and the Sustainability Dimension for a New Territorial Perspective
Authors: Provenzano Vincenzo , Seminara Maria Rosaria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe European Commission has made sustainable development a central element of its growth strategy for the next few years. From an all-encompassing perspective, the European Green Deal (EGD) represents the EU’s contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the “Smart Specialization Strategy” (S3), and the attempt of the EU at a position of global leadership in sustainable development. This paper states that an effective innovation-oriented policy, including a sustainable dimension, requires an adequate division of labour between the EC, national and regional/local governance levels, and the shift from S3 to S4 +, a smart specialization sustainable strategy. It also underlines how a territorial approach to policies is suitable for incorporating a five-helix innovation model and is well suited for implementing S4 +. Therefore, the Ecological Transition, illustrated in the EGD, requires a new governance design and management attitude. This contribution proposes a framework for implementing the new EGD strategy and the consequent implementation of the sustainability dimension. Numerous challenges focus on the sub-regional level highlighting the Community-Led Local Development (CLLD) as a tailored governance model that can include Sustainability and innovation in a complete democratic setting.
The Development of Social Impact Finance and the Post-COVID-19 Transition
Authors: Provenzano Vincenzo , Arnone Massimo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates new financial instruments within the aggregate of social impact finance, which has developed particularly following Covid-19. In particular, the focus is on Social Impact Bonds (SIBs) and the Italian Social Fund. The multi-stakeholder logic of SIBs and Social Fund are well suited to finance social innovation projects that are fundamental for revitalizing local communities and urban areas. These new financial instruments can play a crucial role in simplifying the launch of local development processes and placing environmental sustainability and biodiversity as crucial variables of the new EU Sustainable Development Strategy.
Acid-sensing ion channel 1a exacerbates renal ischemia–reperfusion injury through the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
Authors: Yang Yan , Jin Shi , Zhang Jian , Chen Weize , Lu Yufei , Chen Jun , Yan Zhixin , Shen Bo , Ning Yichun , Shi Yiqin , Chen Jing , Wang Jialin , Xu Sujuan , Jia Ping , Teng Jie , Fang Yi , Song Nana , Ding Xiaoqiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the main cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), and there is no effective therapy. Microenvironmental acidification is generally observed in ischemic tissues. Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) can be activated by a decrease in extracellular pH which mediates neuronal IRI. Our previous study demonstrated that, ASIC1a inhibition alleviates renal IRI. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we determined that renal tubule-specific deletion of ASIC1a in mice (ASIC1afl/fl/CDH16cre) attenuated renal IRI, and reduced the expression of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase-1, GSDMD-N, and IL-1β. Consistent with these in vivo results, inhibition of ASIC1a by the specific inhibitor PcTx-1 protected HK-2 cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury, and suppressed H/R-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mechanistically, the activation of ASIC1a by either IRI or H/R induced the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, which translocates to the nucleus and promotes the transcription of NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β. Blocking NF-κB by treatment with BAY 11-7082 validated the roles of H/R and acidosis in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This further confirmed that ASIC1a promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which requires the NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, our study suggests that ASIC1a contributes to renal IRI by affecting the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Therefore, ASIC1a may be a potential therapeutic target for AKI.

Key messages

Knockout of ASIC1a attenuated renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

ASIC1a promoted the NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Inhibition of the NF-κB mitigated the NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by ASIC1a.
Generalised Ordinary vs Fully Simple Duality for n-Point Functions and a Proof of the Borot–Garcia-Failde Conjecture
Authors: Bychkov Boris , Dunin-Barkowski Petr , Kazarian Maxim , Shadrin Sergey 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe study a duality for the n-point functions in VEV formalism that we call the ordinary vs fully simple duality. It provides an ultimate generalisation and a proper context for the duality between maps and fully simple maps observed by Borot and Garcia-Failde. Our approach allows to transfer the algebraicity properties between the systems of n-point functions related by this duality, and gives direct tools for the analysis of singularities. As an application, we give a proof of a recent conjecture of Borot and Garcia-Failde on topological recursion for fully simple maps.
Comparison of long-term outcomes of splenectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in treating cirrhotic portal hypertension patients with recurrent variceal bleeding
Authors: Zhu Wenfeng , Wang Xiaowen , Lv Yun , Chen Haoqi , Chen Xiaolong , Li Xuejiao , Zhu Shuguang , Lin Zexin , Wang Genshu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and splenectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization (SPD) are widely used to treat cirrhotic portal hypertension (PH) and prevent variceal rebleeding. However, direct comparisons between these two approaches are rare. This study was designed to compare the long-term outcomes of TIPS and SPD in patients with cirrhotic PH and variceal rebleeding.MethodsThe study included cirrhotic PH patients with a history of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding between 18 and 80 years of age who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2012 to January 2022. Patients were enrolled into two groups according to TIPS or SPD was performed. Baseline characteristics were matched using propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsA total of 230 patients underwent TIPS, while 184 underwent SPD. PSM was carried out to balance available covariates, resulting in a total of 83 patients in the TIPS group and 83 patients in the SPD group. Patients in SPD group had better liver function during 60 months follow-up. Five-year overall survival rates in SPD group and TIPS group were 72 and 27%, respectively, at 2 years were 88 and 86%, respectively. The 2- and 5-year freedom from variceal rebleeding rates were 95 and 80% in SPD group and 80 and 54% in TIPS group.ConclusionsSPD is clearly superior to TIPS in terms of OS and freedom from variceal rebleeding in patients with cirrhotic PH. In addition, SPD improved liver function in patients with cirrhotic PH.
A new nomogram for assessing complete response (CR) in gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients after chemotherapy
Authors: Wang Ping , Chen Kaige , Wang Jiayang , Ni Zihao , Shang Naijian , Meng Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Achieving complete response (CR) after first-line chemotherapy in gastric DLBCL patients often results in longer disease-free survival. We explored whether a model based on imaging features combined with clinicopathological factors could assess the CR to chemotherapy in patients with gastric DLBCL.

Methods
Univariate (P < 0.10) and multivariate (P < 0.05) analyses were used to identify factors associated with a CR to treatment. As a result, a system was developed to evaluate whether gastric DLBCL patients had a CR to chemotherapy. Evidence was found to support the model's ability to predict outcomes and demonstrate clinical value.

Results
We retrospectively analysed 108 people who had been diagnosed gastric DLBCL; 53 were in CR. Patients were divided at random into a 5:4 training/testing dataset split. β2 microglobulin before and after chemotherapy and lesion length after chemotherapy were independent predictors of the CR of gastric DLBCL patients after chemotherapy. These factors were used in the predictive model construction. In the training dataset, the area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.929, the specificity was 0.806, and the sensitivity was 0.862. In the testing dataset, the model had an AUC of 0.957, specificity of 0.792, and sensitivity of 0.958. The AUC did not differ significantly between the training and testing dates (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
A model constructed using imaging features combined with clinicopathological factors could effectively evaluate the CR to chemotherapy in gastric DLBCL patients. The predictive model can facilitate the monitoring of patients and be used to adjust individualised treatment plans.
Intramedullary nailing versus plate compound osteosynthesis in subtrochanteric and diaphyseal pathologic femoral fractures: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Koob Sebastian , Plöger Milena Maria , Schmolling Johanna Sophie , Lehmann Ramona Pia , Alex Dana , Kohlhof Hendrik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Pathologic fractures of the extremities due to carcinoma metastases require individual and patient prognosis-related stabilization procedures. Quick remobilization of the patient to restore the quality of life is of high importance, especially in the case of subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures. In our retrospective cohort study, we evaluated intraoperative blood loss, length of operation, complication rate, and regain of lower extremity function in plate compound osteosynthesis (PCO) versus intramedullary nailing (IM) for subtrochanteric and diaphyseal pathologic fractures of the femur.

Methods
Between January 2010 and July 2021, we retrospectively reviewed 49 patients who were treated at our institution for pathologic fractures of the subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femurs for group differences in terms of blood loss, length of operation, implant survival, and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score.

Results
We included 49 stabilization procedures of the lower extremity due to pathologic fractures of the proximal or diaphyseal femur, with a mean follow-up of 17.7 months. IM (n = 29) had a significantly shorter operation time than PCO (n = 20) (112.4 ± 9.4 and 163.3 ± 15.96 min, respectively). We did not detect any significant differences in terms of blood loss, complication rate, implant survival, or MSTS score.

Conclusion
Based on our data, pathologic subtrochanteric and diaphyseal fractures of the femur can be stabilized with IM, which has a shorter operation time than PCO, but the complication rate, implant survival, and blood loss remain unaffected.
Embolization of the middle meningeal artery vs. second surgery—treatment response and volume course of recurrent chronic subdural hematomas
Authors: Liebert Adrian , Voit-Höhne Heinz , Ritter Leonard , Eibl Thomas , Hammer Alexander , Städt Michael , Eff Florian , Holtmannspötter Markus , Steiner Hans-Herbert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite multiple studies on the embolization of the middle meningeal artery, there is limited data on the treatment response of recurrent chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH) to embolization and on the volume change.MethodsWe retrospectively compared the treatment response and volume change of recurrent CSDHs in a conventional group (second surgery) with an embolization group (embolization as stand-alone treatment) during the time-period from August 2019 until June 2022. Different clinical and radiological factors were assessed. Treatment failure was defined as necessity of treatment for second recurrence. Hematoma volumes were determined in the initial CT scan before first surgery, after the first surgery, before retreatment as well as in an early (1 day–2 weeks) and in a late follow-up CT scan (2–8 weeks).ResultsFifty recurrent hematomas after initial surgery were treated either by second surgery (n = 27) or by embolization (n = 23). 8/27 (26,6%) surgically treated and 3/23 (13%) of the hematomas treated by embolization needed to be treated again. This leads to an efficacy in recurrent hematomas of 73,4% in surgically treated and of 87% in embolized hematomas (p = 0.189). In the conventional group, mean volume decreased significantly already in the first follow-up CT scan from 101.7 ml (SD 53.7) to 60.7 ml (SD 40.3) (p = 0.001) and dropped further in the later follow-up scan to 46.6 ml (SD 37.1) (p = 0.001). In the embolization group, the mean volume did decrease insignificantly from 75.1 ml (SD 27.3) to 68 ml (SD 31.4) in the first scan (p = 0.062). However, in the late scan significant volume reduction to 30.8 ml (SD 17.1) could be observed (p = 0.002).ConclusionsEmbolization of the middle meningeal artery is an effective treatment option for recurrent CSDH. Patients with mild symptoms who can tolerate slow volume reduction are suitable for embolization, whereas patients with severe symptoms should be reserved for surgery.
Stolen childhood. War memories of children and young people from 1945-1946
Authors: Wróblewski Maciej 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe article analyses a collection of school essays of world-wide uniqueness, written by Polish children and young people in the years 1945–1946. This collection consists of two independent collections. The first is the 99 wartime memories of pupils from Greater Poland schools, created between May and September 1945. The second contains over 1,200 war memories written by pupils from schools in the Kielce region (south-eastern part of Poland) in the second half of 1946. A common feature of wartime memories is that the young authors combine elements of private written forms with elements of text intended to function in the public space (public literary forms). They smoothly switch between confessional style, full of dramatic details related to the war, and the style typical of a school essay, the aim of which was to test language skills and proficiency in creating a story based on real events. The themes in both collections were imposed on pupils by a programme of writing campaign for writing war memories. Thanks to the conditions provided by the educational system of the time, pupils usually honestly and directly described the traumatic war experiences which they had participated in. In the article, wartime memories in the form of a school essay are treated as a record of a microhistory, containing many details related to local wartime events, such as round-ups, public executions, secret education, and Nazi violence against adults and children.