bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myositis in Germany: epidemiological insights over 15 years from 2005 to 2019
Authors: Pawlitzki Marc , Acar Laura , Masanneck Lars , Willison Alice , Regner-Nelke Liesa , Nelke Christopher , L’hoest Helmut , Marschall Ursula , Schmidt Jens , Meuth Sven G. , Ruck Tobias 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The medical care of patients with myositis is a great challenge in clinical practice. This is due to the rarity of these disease, the complexity of diagnosis and management as well as the lack of systematic analyses.

Objectives
Therefore, the aim of this project was to obtain an overview of the current care of myositis patients in Germany and to evaluate epidemiological trends in recent years.

Methods
In collaboration with BARMER Insurance, retrospective analysis of outpatient and inpatient data from an average of approximately 8.7 million insured patients between January 2005 and December 2019 was performed using ICD-10 codes for myositis for identification of relevant data. In addition, a comparative analysis was performed between myositis patients and an age-matched comparison group from other populations insured by BARMER.

Results
45,800 BARMER-insured individuals received a diagnosis of myositis during the observation period, with a relatively stable prevalence throughout. With regard to comorbidities, a significantly higher rate of cardiovascular disease as well as neoplasm was observed compared to the control group within the BARMER-insured population. In addition, myositis patients suffer more frequently from psychiatric disorders, such as depression and somatoform disorders. However, the ICD-10 catalogue only includes the specific coding of “dermatomyositis” and “polymyositis” and thus does not allow for a sufficient analysis of all idiopathic inflammatory myopathies subtypes.

Conclusion
The current data provide a comprehensive epidemiological analysis of myositis in Germany, highlighting the multimorbidity of myositis patients. This underlines the need for multidisciplinary management. However, the ICD-10 codes currently still in use do not allow for specific analysis of the subtypes of myositis. The upcoming ICD-11 coding may improve future analyses in this regard.
A randomized controlled trial (PAMI trial) on our new trend periareolar minimally invasive (PAMI) technique versus inframammary approach for minimally invasive cardiac surgery
Authors: El Adel Mohamed , Nady Mohamed Alaa , Amin Anwar , Khairy Mahmoud 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
A minimally invasive approach has become standard for mitral valve surgery. The periareolar approach has grown in popularity regarding the cosmesis for patients. We have adopted a new modification to the periareolar approach: the periareolar minimally invasive (PAMI) technique. The objectives of the current study are to test the hypothesis that the PAMI approach is more feasible and safer than the inframammary approach in addition to identify risk factors and assess outcomes of both periareolar and inframammary approach.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial of 3 months compared the PAMI technique to the inframammary approach for minimally invasive cardiac surgery.

Results
A total of 102 patients were enrolled and randomized into two groups: 53 received minimally invasive cardiac surgery through the periareolar approach, and 49 were the control group using the inframammary approach.
Using intention-to-treat analysis, the periareolar approach was superior to the inframammary approach in surgical site infection (two cases in comparison to 8 with P = 0.004), and the number needed to treat for effectiveness was 8.
No early deaths occurred, 97 cases (95.1%) needed no reoperation, and 5 cases (4.9%) were reopened for bleeding. The primary endpoints compared were the duration of procedure, duration of mechanical ventilation, amount of bleeding, ICU stay, and hospital stay. We found no statistically significant differences between the groups.
At 3 months, the secondary endpoints evaluated were the rate of surgical site infection, respiratory complications, groin complications, pericardial effusion, breast hematoma, and cosmoses using a Likert scale. We found no statistically significant difference between the groups, except for surgical site infection (P = 0.004) and cosmesis (P< 0.001).

Conclusions
The results of this PAMI trial are suggestive that the PAMI technique is most probably applicable for the right side of the heart, such as in atrial septal defect closure, tricuspid disease, and mitral valve surgery.

Trial registration
PAMI Trial NCT04726488 Registered January 27, 2021
Acne medication as a potential solution for slowing down the aging process – a systematic review
Authors: Luchowska Anna , Sroczyńska Monika , Żaczek Aleksandra 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
One of the major challenges of the 21st century is the fight against aging. There are two main processes that induce skin aging: intrinsic and extrinsic, with sun exposure being the most damaging to the skin. A number of drugs have been used to prevent aging changes. It has been proposed that low dose oral isotretinoin could be administered as a safe and effective treatment for skin that has undergone photoaging changes.

Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to examine the potential efficacy of low dose oral isotretinoin in the antiaging therapy.

Materials and methods
A search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Articles were searched in English using the following key words: isotretinoin; low dose isotretinoin; aging; photoaging.

Results
There was an improvement in the overall appearance of the skin, regarding texture, wrinkles depth and skintone. Skin thickness, suppleness, and pore size improved. Both the number of collagen fibers and the density of elastic fibers increased in the statistically significant manner. Elastosis decreased, the thickness of the epidermis increased, and the stratum corneum diminished. Reduction of pigmented lesions and uneven hyperpigmentation was detected. With low-dose isotretinoin, side effects were absent or negligible, limited to minimal lip dryness.

Conclusion
The outcome of the literature review leeds to the conclusion that the use of low doses of oral isotretinoin seems to be a safe and effective treatment improving the effects of skin aging. The clinical, histological, and molecular characteristics of photodamaged skin can be alleviated. Isotretinoin is a promising drug in the antiaging therapy.
Tight Guarantees for Static Threshold Policies in the Prophet Secretary Problem
Authors: Arnosti Nick , Ma Will 
Published: December 2022

In the prophet secretary problem, n values are drawn independently from known distributions and presented in a uniformly random order. A decision maker must accept or reject each value when it is presented and may accept at most k values in total. The objective is to maximize the expected sum of accepted values. We analyze the performance of static threshold policies, which accept the first k values exceeding a fixed threshold (or all such values, if fewer than k exist). We show that an appropriate threshold guarantees [Formula: see text] times the value of the offline optimal solution. Note that [Formula: see text], and by Stirling’s approximation, [Formula: see text]. This represents the best-known guarantee for the prophet secretary problem for all k > 1 and is tight for all k for the class of static threshold policies. We provide two simple methods for setting the threshold. Our first method sets a threshold such that [Formula: see text] values are accepted in expectation, and offers an optimal guarantee for all k. Our second sets a threshold such that the expected number of values exceeding the threshold is equal to k. This approach gives an optimal guarantee if k > 4 but gives suboptimal guarantees for [Formula: see text]. Our proofs use a new result for optimizing sums of independent Bernoulli random variables, which extends a result of Hoeffding from 1956 and could be of independent interest. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2022.2419 .
Influence of Critical Synthesis Parameters and Precursor Stabilization on the Development of Adhesive Strength in Fructose–HMF–Amine Adhesives*
Authors: Sailer-Kronlachner Wilfried , Rosenfeld Catherine , Konnerth Johannes , Van Herwijnen Hendrikus 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The synthesis of an adhesive composed of fructose, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and bishexamethylene triamine was optimized. The intended application of the adhesive is the production of wood composites such as particleboard or medium-density fiberboard. Adhesives synthesized using HMF-rich precursors produced in continuous and batch systems were compared in regard to their tensile shear strength development; no significant differences could be found. The use of sodium dithionite for HMF stabilization during precursor production led to lower resin viscosities, whereas no significant influence on the adhesive strength development was measured. Variation of the critical synthesis parameters' reaction temperature and reaction atmosphere allowed the production of an adhesive with similar or even faster strength development than commercially used urea–formaldehyde adhesives. The ideal reaction temperature was found to be 60°C. Adhesive synthesis under nitrogen atmosphere shifts the curing reaction to lower temperatures, which was demonstrated by differential scanning calorimetry measurements, but did not improve the overall strength development of the adhesive system.
Are we measuring loneliness in the same way in men and women in the general population and in the older population? Two studies of measurement equivalence
Authors: Pollet Thomas V. , Thompson Alexandra , Malcolm Connor , McCarty Kristofor , Saxton Tamsin K. , Roberts Sam G. B. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundHigh levels of loneliness are associated with negative health outcomes and there are several different types of interventions targeted at reducing feelings of loneliness. It is therefore important to accurately measure loneliness. A key unresolved debate in the conceptualisation and measurement of loneliness is whether it has a unidimensional or multidimensional structure. The aim of this study was to examine the dimensional structure of the widely used UCLA Loneliness Scale and establish whether this factorial structure is equivalent in men and women.Methods and sampleTwo online UK-based samples were recruited using Prolific. The participants in Study 1 were 492 adults, selected to be nationally representative by age and gender, whilst the participants in Study 2 were 290 older adults aged over 64. In both studies, participants completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3) as part of a larger project.ResultsIn both studies, the best fitting model was one with three factors corresponding to ‘Isolation,’ ‘Relational Connectedness,’ and ‘Collective Connectedness.’ A unidimensional single factor model was a substantially worse fit in both studies. In both studies, there were no meaningful differences between men and women in any of the three factors, suggesting measurement invariance across genders.ConclusionThese results are consistent with previous research in supporting a multidimensional, three factor structure to the UCLA scale, rather than a unidimensional structure. Further, the measurement invariance across genders suggests that the UCLA scale can be used to compare levels of loneliness across men and women. Overall the results suggest that loneliness has different facets and thus future research should consider treating the UCLA loneliness scale as a multidimensional scale, or using other scales which are designed to measure the different aspects of loneliness.
The effect of volume equated 1- versus 2-day formats of Nordic hamstring exercise training on fitness in youth soccer players: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Moran Jason , Vali Norodin , Drury Ben , Hammami Raouf , Tallent Jamie , Chaabene Helmi , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
This randomised controlled trial examined the effect of an 8-week volume-equated programme of Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) training, executed at frequencies of 1- or 2-days per week, on fitness (10 m and 40 m sprint, ‘505’ change of direction [COD] and standing long jump [SLJ]) in male youth soccer players (mean age: 16.4 ± 0.81 years).

Method
Players were divided into an experimental group (n = 16) which was further subdivided into 1-day (n = 8) and 2-day (n = 8) per week training groups and a control group (n = 8).

Results
There were significant group-by-time interactions for 10-m sprint (p<0.001, η2 = 0.120, d = 2.05 [0.57 to 3.53]), 40-m sprint (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.041, d = 1.09 [-0.23 to 2.4]) and COD (p = 0.002, η2 = 0.063, d = 1.25 [-0.09 to 2.59). The experimental group demonstrated a ‘very large’ effect size (d = 3.02 [1.5 to 4.54]) in 10-m sprint, and ‘large’ effect sizes in 40-m sprint (d = 1.94 [0.98 to 2.90]) and COD (d = 1.84 [0.85 to 2.83). The control group showed no significant changes. There were no significant differences between the 1-day and 2-day training groups. In three of the four tests (40 m, COD, SLJ) the 2-day group demonstrated larger effect sizes. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were significantly lower in the 2-day group (p<0.001, 3.46 [1.83 to 5.04).

Conclusion
The NHE increases fitness in youth soccer players and there may be advantages to spreading training over two days instead of one.
New reference values for maximum respiratory pressures in healthy Brazilian children following guidelines recommendations: A regional study
Authors: Marcelino Ana Aline , Fregonezi Guilherme Augusto , Lira Maria das Graças , de Cordoba Lanza Fernanda , Dantas Lima Íllia Nadinne , Resqueti Vanessa Regiane 
Published: December 2022

Objective
To determine reference values for maximum static respiratory pressures in healthy children from a Brazilian region, following recommendations of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the Brazilian Society of Pneumology and Tisiology (SBPT).

Methods
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with healthy children (6 to 11 years) of both sexes. The maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax and PEmax, respectively) were measured using a digital manometer. Each child performed a minimum of three and a maximum of five maneuvers; three acceptable and reproducible maneuvers were considered for analysis. Minimum time for each maneuver was 1.5 seconds, with a one-second plateau, and one minute of rest between them. A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was conducted for PImax and PEmax, considering correlations between independent variables: age, weight, and sex.

Results
We included 121 children (62 girls [51%]). Boys reached higher values for maximum respiratory pressures than girls. Respiratory pressures increased with age showing moderate effect sizes (PImax: f = 0.36; PEmax: f = 0.30) between the stratified age groups (6–7, 8–9, and 10–11 years). Age and sex were included in the PImax equation (PImax = 24.630 + 7.044 x age (years) + 13.161 x sex; R2 = 0.189). PEmax equations were built considering age for girls and weight for boys [PEmax (girls) = 55.623 + 4.698 x age (years) and PEmax (boys) = 82.617 + 0.612 x weight (kg); R2 = 0.068].

Conclusions
This study determined new reference equations for maximal respiratory pressures in healthy Brazilian children, following ERS and SBPT recommendations.
Semi-automated socio-anthropologic analysis of the medical discourse on rheumatoid arthritis: Potential impact on public health
Authors: Nardini Christine , Candelise Lucia , Turrini Mauro , Addimanda Olga 
Published: December 2022

Background
The debilitating effects of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and the accompanying chronic inflammation represent a significant obstacle for the sustainability of our development, with efforts spreading worldwide to counteract the diffusion of NCDs, as per the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 3). In fact, despite efforts of varied intensity in numerous directions (from innovations in biotechnology to lifestyle modifications), the incidence of NCDs remains pandemic. The present work wants to contribute to addressing this major concern, with a specific focus on the fragmentation of medical approaches, via an interdisciplinary analysis of the medical discourse, i.e. the heterogenous reporting that biomedical scientific literature uses to describe the anti-inflammatory therapeutic landscape in NCDs. The aim is to better capture the roots of this compartmentalization and the power relations existing among three segregated pharmacological, experimental and unstandardized biomedical approaches to ultimately empower collaboration beyond medical specialties and possibly tap into a more ample and effective reservoir of integrated therapeutic opportunities.

Method
Using rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as an exemplar disease, twenty-eight articles were manually translated into a nine-dimensional categorical variable of medical socio-anthropological relevance, relating in particular (but not only) to legitimacy, temporality and spatialization. This digitalized picture (9 x 28 table) of the medical discourse was further analyzed by simple automated learning approaches to identify differences and highlight commonalities among the biomedical categories.

Results
Interpretation of these results provides original insights, including suggestions to: empower scientific communication between unstandardized approaches and basic biology; promote the repurposing of non-pharmacological therapies to enhance robustness of experimental approaches; and align the spatial representation of diseases and therapies in pharmacology to effectively embrace the systemic approach promoted by modern personalized and preventive medicines. We hope this original work can expand and foster interdisciplinarity among public health stakeholders, ultimately contributing to the achievement of SDG3.
STUDY OF THE COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF LEAVES OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS JUGLANS L. BY HPLC
Authors: Kurkin Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Zimenkina Natal'ya Igorevna 
Published: December 2022

Leaves of species of the genus Juglans L. of the Juglandaceae family are promising types of officinal medicinal plant materials, which preparations have an antimicrobial, restorative effect. In our opinion, the contribution to the antimicrobial activity, along with naphthoquinones, is also made by flavonoids contained in the leaves of various species of the genus Juglans L. Therefore, there is a need to determine the chemical composition of the leaves of species of the genus Juglans L. using modern methods of analysis. This article discusses the results of studying the component composition of the leaves of Juglans nigra L., Juglans regia L. and Juglans cinerea L. by microcolumn high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at an analytical wavelength of 360 nm. The conditions for chromatographic separation were established for the analysis of extracts from the leaves of species of the genus Juglans L. It was determined that in the leaves of Juglans nigra L. using HPLC it is possible to identify flavonoids - myricitrin, quercitrin, which are dominant and diagnostically significant for this type of raw material. In addition, the medicinal plant contains the aglycone of myricitrin – myricetin. A similar flavonoid profile was revealed in two types of medicinal plant raw materials – leaves of Juglans regia L. and Juglans cinerea L. Hyperoside, quercitrin, and juglanin were found in these species.
Young Patients With Colorectal Cancer Have Higher Early Mortality but Better Long-Term Survival
Authors: Wang Shuyuan , Yuan Zhen , Ni Kemin , Zhan Yixiang , Zhao Xuanzhu , Liu Zhaoce , Liu Yanfei , Yi Ben , Lai Sizhen , Yin Xin , Zhou Xingyu , Wang Yuqi , Ping Hangyu , Xin Ran , Wang Wenhong , Li Hongzhou , Zhao Yuanshun , Han Youkui , Gao Weifeng , Jin Xinlei , Wang Guihua , Zhang Zili , Li Guoxun , Zhang Qinghuai , Zhang Xipeng , Ma Hong , Zhang Chunze 
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION:
To define the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young patients and to compare their postoperative treatment with that of older patients.

METHODS:
This multicenter study enrolled 5,457 patients with primary CRC who underwent surgical resection. The overall survival (OS), clinicopathologic characteristics, and postoperative treatment of 253 young patients aged 18–44 years and 5,204 older patients aged 44–80 years were analyzed.

RESULTS:
The OS rate was 77.1% for young and 74.2% for older patients (P = 0.348). Landmark analysis showed a significant difference in survival between young and older patients, with 63.8% of deaths among young patients being within 25 months of surgery compared with 42.4% among older patients (P = 0.002). Among those who survived more than 25 months, young patients had significantly better survival than older patients (P = 0.009). Multivariable analysis of young patients revealed that the tumor location, perineural invasion, and stage were associated with poor survival within 25 months; after this period, stage was the only prognostic marker. Young patients were more likely to receive chemotherapy, particularly multiagent regimens. For young patients, no significant difference in OS was found based on the chemotherapy regimen, regardless of disease stage (II, III, or IV, all P > 0.05). In addition, unlike in older patients, no difference in OS was found in young patients regardless of the drug regimen administered (all P > 0.05).

DISCUSSION:
Young-onset CRC may have a unique disease biology that warrants further research and therapy development.
Tatalaksana Pasien di Rumah Sakit oleh Dokter Gigi dalam Pandemi COVID-19: Literature Review
Authors: Ambarani Eghia Laditra , Suryawati Chriswardani , Shaluhiyah Zahroh 
Published: December 2022

On March 12, 2020, WHO (World Health Organization) officially declared the COVID-19 as a pandemic with the spread of SARS-CoV-2 globally and caused thousands of deaths. The wide and very fast spread of COVID-19 and reports of its spread to health workers, dental professionals are at high risk of nosocomial infections and can be potential carriers of the disease. This study aims to analyze dental management carried out in various countries in the COVID-19 era. This study uses a simplified approach systematic review method. A total of 101 articles were found in the initial search. Based on the selection of article searches resulted in 11 articles consisting articles from international journals. The study resulted in the management of dentistry in the COVID-19 era being divided into four parts, namely online patient triage, in-office patient triage and clinics preparation, treatment management, and post-treatment management. This management had not been carried out before COVID-19, but with COVID-19 still going, having a safe dental management can be a useful lesson for dental professionals or hospital managers for future epidemics or pandemics.