bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baricitinib Improves Bone Properties and Biomechanics in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results of the Prospective Interventional BARE BONE Trial
Authors: Simon David , Minopoulou Ioanna , Kemenes Stephan , Bayat Sara , Tascilar Koray , Mutlu Melek Yalcin , Valor‐Méndez Larissa , Krönke Gerhard , Hueber Axel J. , Schett Georg , Kleyer Arnd 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by erosive joint damage, deterioration of bone mass, and biomechanics. Preclinical evidence suggests a beneficial effect of Janus kinase inhibition (JAKi) on bone properties, but clinical data are scarce to date. In this study, we evaluated the effect of JAKi through baricitinib (BARI) on 1) volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), bone microstructure, biomechanics, and erosion repair and 2) synovial inflammation in RA patients.MethodsProspective, single‐arm, interventional, open‐label, single‐center phase 4 study in RA patients with pathological bone status and clinical indication of JAKi (BARE BONE trial). Participants received BARI (4 mg/day) over 52 weeks. To assess bone properties and synovial inflammation, high‐resolution computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging were performed at baseline (BL), week 24, and week 52. Clinical response and safety were monitored.ResultsThirty RA patients were included. BARI significantly improved disease activity (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate: 4.82 ± 0.90 to 2.71 ± 0.83) and synovial inflammation (RAMRIS synovitis score: 5.3 [4.2] to 2.7 [3.5]). We observed a significant improvement in trabecular vBMD with a mean change of 6.11 mgHA/mm3 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.01–12.26). Biomechanical properties also improved with mean change from baseline in estimated stiffness of 2.28 kN/mm (95% CI 0.30–4.25) and estimated failure load of 98.8 N (95% CI 15.9–181.7). The number and size of erosions in the metacarpal joints remained stable. No new safety signals with BARI treatment were observed.ConclusionBones of RA patients improve with BARI therapy, as shown by an increase in trabecular bone mass and an improvement of biomechanical properties.
Connected autonomous vehicles: State of practice
Authors: Islam Muhammad Mobaidul , Newaz Abdullah Al Redwan , Song Li , Lartey Benjamin , Lin Shih‐Chun , Fan Wei , Hajbabaie Ali , Khan Mubbashar Altaf , Partovi Alireza , Phuapaiboon Tienake , Homaifar Abdollah , Karimoddini Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConnected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have the potential to deal with the steady increase in road traffic while solving transportation related issues such as traffic congestion, pollution, and road safety. Therefore, CAVs are becoming increasingly popular and viewed as the next generation transportation solution. Although modular advancements have been achieved in the development of CAVs, these efforts are not fully integrated to operationalize CAVs in realistic driving scenarios. This paper surveys a wide range of efforts reported in the literature about the CAV developments, summarizes the CAV impacts from a statistical perspective, explores current state of practice in the field of CAVs in terms of autonomy technologies, communication backbone, and computation needs. Furthermore, this paper provides general guidance on how transportation infrastructures need to be prepared in order to effectively operationalize CAVs. The paper also identifies challenges that need to be addressed in near future for effective and reliable adoption of CAVs.
Early childhood outcomes of NICU graduates with cytomegalovirus infection in California
Authors: Lanzieri Tatiana M. , Lu Tianyao , Bennett Mihoko V. , Hintz Susan R. , Sugerman David E. , Dollard Sheila C. , Pesch Megan H. , Jocson Maria A. L. , Lee Henry C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo assess demographics and outcomes up to 3 years of age among children with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in California neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) during 2010–2021.MethodsThe California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative (CPQCC) collects data on all very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight ≤ 1500 g) and acutely ill infants with birth weight > 1500 g across 92% of NICUs in California. VLBW infants and those with neurological conditions are referred to a statewide high‐risk infant follow‐up (HRIF) program. CMV infection was defined as a positive culture or PCR identified during the NICU hospitalization.ResultsDuring 2010–2021, CMV reporting rates averaged 3.5/1000 VLBW infants (n = 205) and 1.1/1000 infants >1500 g (n = 128). Among all 333 infants with CMV, 314 (94%) were discharged home alive, 271 (86%) were referred for HRIF and 205 (65%) had ≥1 visit. Whereas infants born to mothers <20 years of age had highest CMV reporting rates and those born to Hispanic mothers comprised 49% of all infected infants, they had the highest loss of follow‐up. At the 12‐month visit (n = 152), 19 (13%) infants with CMV had bilateral blindness and 18 (12%) had hearing loss. At the 24‐month visit, 5 (5%) of 103 had severe cerebral palsy.ConclusionsAmong infants admitted to the NICU, those with CMV diagnoses may over represent infants with more severe CMV disease and outcomes. The CPQCC and HRIF program findings may help inform implementation of surveillance for congenital CMV infection in other U.S. states and guide strategies to reduce disparities in access to services.
The basal and major pilins in the Corynebacterium diphtheriaeSpaA pilus adopt similar structures that competitively react with the pilin polymerase
Authors: Sue Christopher K. , Cheung Nicole A. , Mahoney Brendan J. , McConnell Scott A. , Scully Jack M. , Fu Janine Y. , Chang Chungyu , Ton‐That Hung , Loo Joseph A. , Clubb Robert T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany species of pathogenic gram‐positive bacteria display covalently crosslinked protein polymers (called pili or fimbriae) that mediate microbial adhesion to host tissues. These structures are assembled by pilus‐specific sortase enzymes that join the pilin components together via lysine‐isopeptide bonds. The archetypal SpaA pilus from Corynebacterium diphtheriae is built by the CdSrtA pilus‐specific sortase, which crosslinks lysine residues within the SpaA and SpaB pilins to build the shaft and base of the pilus, respectively. Here, we show that CdSrtA crosslinks SpaB to SpaA via a K139(SpaB)‐T494(SpaA) lysine‐isopeptide bond. Despite sharing only limited sequence homology, an NMR structure of SpaB reveals striking similarities with the N‐terminal domain of SpaA (NSpaA) that is also crosslinked by CdSrtA. In particular, both pilins contain similarly positioned reactive lysine residues and adjacent disordered AB loops that are predicted to be involved in the recently proposed “latch” mechanism of isopeptide bond formation. Competition experiments using an inactive SpaB variant and additional NMR studies suggest that SpaB terminates SpaA polymerization by outcompeting NSpaA for access to a shared thioester enzyme–substrate reaction intermediate.
3D printing to construct in vitro multicellular models of melanoma
Authors: Sang Shengbo , Wang Xiaoyuan , Duan Jiahui , Cao Yanyan , Shen Zhizhong , Sun Lei , Duan Qianqian , Liu Zixian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrently, there is a lack of suitable models for in‐vitro studies of malignant melanoma and traditional single cell culture models no longer reproduce tumor structure and physiological complexity well. The tumor microenvironment is closely related to carcinogenesis and it is particularly important to understand how tumor cells interact and communicate with surrounding nonmalignant cells. Three‐dimensional (3D) in vitro multicellular culture models can better simulate the tumor microenvironment due to their excellent physicochemical properties. In this study, 3D composite hydrogel scaffolds were prepared from gelatin methacrylate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate hydrogels by 3D printing and light curing techniques, and 3D multicellular in vitro tumor culture models were established by inoculating human melanoma cells (A375) and human fibroblasts cells on them. The cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance of the 3D multicellular in vitro model was evaluated. Compared with the single‐cell model, the cells in the multicellular model had higher proliferation activity and migration ability, and were easy to form dense structures. Several tumor cell markers, such as matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), MMP‐2, and vascular endothelial growth factor, were highly expressed in the multicellular culture model, which were more favorable for tumor development. In addition, higher cell survival rate was observed after exposure to luteolin. The anticancer drug resistance result of the malignant melanoma cells in the 3D bioprinted construct demonstrated physiological properties, suggesting the promising potential of current 3D printed tumor model in the development of personalized therapy, especially for discovery of more conducive targeted drugs.
Randomized, Phase II study of pemetrexed plus bevacizumab versus pemetrexed alone after treatment with cisplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab in advanced non‐squamous, non‐small cell lung cancer: TORG (thoracic oncology research group) 1321
Authors: Kasai Takashi , Mori Kiyoshi , Nakamura Yoichi , Seki Nobuhiko , Ichikawa Yasuko , Saito Haruhiro , Kondo Tetsuro , Nishikawa Kazuo , Otsu Satoshi , Bessho Akihiro , Tanaka Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki , Kaburagi Takayuki , Imai Hisao , Mori Keita , Ohtake Junya , Okamoto Hiroaki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionCisplatin plus pemetrexed followed by pemetrexed is an efficacious platinum combination regimen for advanced non‐squamous, non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data regarding the addition of bevacizumab, especially in maintenance treatment, are insufficient.MethodsEligibility criteria included: no prior chemotherapy; advanced, non‐squamous, NSCLC; performance status ≤1; and epidermal growth factor receptor mutation‐negative. Patients (N = 108) received induction chemotherapy with cisplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab every 3 weeks for four cycles, and tumor response was needed to confirm four‐week response duration. Patients with at least stable disease were randomized to pemetrexed/bevacizumab or pemetrexed alone. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS) after induction chemotherapy. Myeloid‐derived suppressor cell (MDSC) counts of peripheral blood samples were also analyzed.ResultsThirty‐five patients each were randomized to the pemetrexed/bevacizumab group and the pemetrexed alone group. PFS was significantly better in the pemetrexed/bevacizumab group than in the pemetrexed alone group (7.0 vs. 5.4 months, hazard ratio: 0.56 [0.34–0.93], log‐rank p = 0.023). In patients with partial response to induction therapy, median overall survival was 23.3 months in the pemetrexed alone group and 29.6 months in the pemetrexed/bevacizumab group (log‐rank p = 0.077). Pretreatment monocytic (M)‐MDSC counts tended to be greater in the pemetrexed/bevacizumab group with poor PFS than in those with good PFS (p = 0.0724).ConclusionsAddition of bevacizumab to pemetrexed as maintenance therapy prolonged PFS in patients with untreated, advanced, non‐squamous NSCLC. Furthermore, an early response to induction therapy and pretreatment M‐MDSC counts may be related to the survival benefit of the addition of bevacizumab to the combination of cisplatin and pemetrexed.
Bee Venom Induces the Interaction between Phosphorylated Histone Variant, H2AX, and the Intracellular Site of beta‐Actin in Liver and Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Tetikoğlu Sinan , Çelik‐Uzuner Selcen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBee venom is a natural mixture and candidate anti‐cancer agent with selective cytotoxic effect on some cancer cells. However, the cellular mechanisms of how bee venom selectively targets cancer cells remain elusive. The aim of this study was to reveal the genotoxic effect of bee venom in concordance with the location of β‐actin protein throughout the nucleus or/and cytoplasm. For this aim, the level of H2AX phosphorylation (γH2AX) and intracellular location of β‐actin were assessed by immunofluorescence in liver (HEPG2) and metastatic breast (MDA‐MB‐231) cancer cell lines compared to normal fibroblasts (NIH3T3) after bee venom treatment. Colocalisation profiles of γH2AX and β‐actin in each cell line were also analysed. The results showed that the levels of γH2AX staining decreased in normal cells but increased in cancer cells. The majority of β‐actin was localised within the cytoplasm of normal cells after bee venom treatment, but it was mostly accumulated within the nucleus in cancer cells. Colocalisation of β‐actin and γH2AX both in nucleus and cytoplasm was induced in each cancer cell by different patterns. The results showed that normal and cancerous cells had different responses against bee venom, and suggested that bee venom induced a cellular response by the interaction between γH2AX and β‐actin.
Energy and Chemicals Production from Coal‐based Technologies: A Review
Authors: Rashid Muhammad Imran , Isah Umar Abdullahi , Athar Muhammad , Benhelal Emad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCoal, a solid fossil fuel, consists of organic and inorganic matter. Its complex structure contains fused aromatic moieties, constituting a three‐dimensional macromolecular coal structure network. More efficient utilisation technologies are required to ensure coal becomes a considerably cleaner source of energy in the future. Due to the increase in energy, liquid fuels, and combustible gas demands, coal utilisation is necessary for some developing countries such as Pakistan, Turkey, and India. Furthermore, coal is globally being used to produce liquid fuels and combustible gases. The benefits and drawbacks of various Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis catalysts are discussed. For clean coal carbonisation, blends of coal and biomass, which are the current trends in decarbonising the coal industries, should be adopted and the chemistry of coal carbonisation should be investigated further, especially the phenomenon that occurs at the plastic layer (300–550 °C). In addition, the clean co‐gasification technology presented in this work could be adopted and successfully implemented through government and industry initiatives to study and test coal/biomass for co‐gasification and advanced modelling and simulation of the co‐gasification plant.
Combined removal experiment of multiple impurities from W/O emulsions under high frequency pulsed electric field: Study on laws of desalination, decalcification, and deacidification
Authors: Sun Zhiqian , Li Wangqing , Wang Xiaolei , Li Ning , Qi Zhuang , Weng Shuo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElectrocoalescence is widely used to dehydrate crude oil, but impurities in crude oil are extremely complex, which greatly weaken the effect of dehydration. To understand the coupling law of various impurities, a static demulsification experiment was conducted under a high frequency and high voltage pulsed electric field to investigate the effects of electric field parameters (voltage, frequency, pulse width ratio), emulsification strength, electrocoalescence time, water content, acid value, injection alkali ratio, calcium content, decalcification agent concentration and removal process on desalination, decalcification, and deacidification. The results showed that the desalination and decalcification rates varied synchronously with the electric field parameters and water content. Additionally, the desalination and decalcification rates decreased with the emulsification strength, alkali injection ratio, acid value, and calcium content. Further, they increased first and then decreased with decalcifier concentration. The deacidification rate did not vary with the electric field parameters, but it strengthened with the water content and alkali injection ratio. Conversely, it decreased with the acid value, calcium content, and decalcifier concentration. Additionally, it increased first and then decreased with the emulsification intensity. The best removal procedure is deacidification followed by decalcification. These findings are helpful to achieve the combined removal of various impurities in crude oil.
Interaction of lactate/albumin and geriatric nutritional risk index on the all‐cause mortality of elderly patients with critically ill heart failure: A cohort study
Authors: Chen Wanli , Chen Meixia , Qiao Xiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhether there is a multiplicative interaction of lactate/albumin (L/A) ratio and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) on the mortality of critically ill elderly patients with heart failure (HF) remains unclear.HypothesisTo assess the interaction of L/A ratio and GNRI on the all‐cause mortality in critically ill elderly patients with HF.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study and data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC‐III) database. The endpoints were 28‐day and 1‐year all‐cause mortality, and the independent variables were L/A ratio and GNRI. The multiplicative interaction of L/A ratio and GNRI on the mortality was examined using Cox proportional‐hazards model.ResultsA total of 5627 patients were finally included. Results showed that patients with higher L/A ratio or GNRI ≤ 58 had higher risk of 28‐day and 1‐year all‐cause mortality (all p < .01). We also found the significant multiplicative interaction effect between L/A ratio and GNRI score on the 28‐day and 1‐year all‐cause mortality (both p < .05). The increased L/A ratio was associated with higher risk of 28‐day and 1‐year all‐cause mortality in patients with GNRI ≤ 58 than those with GNRI > 58.ConclusionsThere was a multiplicative interaction effect between L/A ratio and GNRI score on the mortality, and low GNRI score was associated with the increased risk of all‐cause mortality with the increase of L/A ratio, suggesting the importance of nutrition‐oriented intervention in critically ill elderly HF patients with high L/A ratio.
A Half‐Sandwich Ruthenium(II) (N^N) Complex: Inducing Immunogenic Melanoma Cell Death in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Xu Zhishan , Xu Mengke , Wu Xueya , Guo Sheng , Tian Zhongwei , Zhu Di , Yang Jixuan , Fu Jiyun , Li Xi , Song Guozhen , Liu Zhe , Song Xiangfeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEfficacy of clinical chemotherapeutic agents depends not only on direct cytostatic and cytotoxic effects but also involves in eliciting (re)activation of tumour immune effects. One way to provoke long‐lasting antitumour immunity is coined as immunogenic cell death (ICD), exploiting the host immune system against tumour cells as a “second hit”. Although metal‐based antitumour complexes hold promise as potential chemotherapeutic agents, ruthenium (Ru)‐based ICD inducers remain sparse. Herein, we report a half‐sandwich complex Ru(II) bearing aryl‐bis(imino) acenaphthene chelating ligand with ICD inducing properties for melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Complex Ru(II) displays strong anti‐proliferative potency and potential cell migration inhibition against melanoma cell lines. Importantly, complex Ru(II) drives the multiple biochemical hallmarks of ICD in melanoma cells, i. e., the elevated expression of calreticulin (CRT), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Hsp70 and secretion of ATP, followed by the decreased expression of phosphorylation of Stat3. In vivo the inhibition of tumour growth in prophylactic tumour vaccination model further confirms that mice with complex Ru(II)‐treated dying cells lead to activate adaptive immune responses and anti‐tumour immunity by the activation of ICD in melanoma cells. Mechanisms of action studies show that complex Ru(II)‐induced ICD could be associated with mitochondrial damage, ER stress and impairment of metabolic status in melanoma cells. We believe that the half‐sandwich complex Ru(II) as an ICD inducer in this work will help to design new half‐sandwich Ru‐based organometallic complexes with immunomodulatory response in melanoma treatments.
Ni‐rich Cathode Materials for High‐performance Li‐ion Batteries: Challenges, Progress and Perspectives
Authors: He Junnan , Yang Mei , Wang Jiangyan , Yu Ranbo , Wang Dan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNi‐rich layered ternary oxides are considered as one of optimal cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries because of high energy density and low raw material cost. However, their local structural defect, microstructural destruction and poor interfacial stability deteriorate the specific energy density, lifespan and safety of batteries. Therefore, understanding the root cause of failure and clarifying their relationship in depth can pave the way to promoting the modification and application of Ni‐rich cathode materials (NRCM). In this review, the chain‐like failure of NRCM triggered by multiple‐scaled structure variations are systematically analyzed based on their fundamental characteristic. Subsequently, current tailoring strategies of NRCM at different size scales are especially discussed. Finally, along with the concluding remarks and remaining challenges, the future development possibilities are discussed to stimulate the commercialization of NRCM.
A novel self‐adaptive hybrid slime mould naked mole‐rat algorithm for numerical optimization and energy‐efficient wireless sensor network
Authors: Singh Supreet , Singh Urvinder 
Published: May 2023

SummaryA wireless sensor network (WSN) is made up of widely spaced nodes inside the sensor field. Clustering is an effective data collection approach that lowers energy consumption by organizing nodes into groups. So, choosing the right cluster head (CH) and employing an effective routing protocol is required to prolong the lifetime of WSNs. This paper develops a novel self‐adaptive hybrid slime mould naked mole‐rat algorithm (SM‐NMRA) based on the hybridization of the slime mould algorithm (SMA) and naked mole‐rat algorithm (NMRA) to solve the above‐said problem of WSN. The new approach integrates SMA's wrap food abilities with NMRA to improve the working capabilities of the original NMRA. A new stagnation phase inspired by the grey wolf optimizer and cuckoo search algorithms has been integrated to handle the local optima stagnation problem. In addition, self‐adaptivity has been added for SM‐NMRA's parameters. Here, the performance of SM‐NMRA is evaluated for CEC 2005 and CEC 2014 numerical test suites. The statistical outcomes along with Freidman's test, Wilcoxon's rank‐sum test, and convergence profiles validate the superior performance of SM‐NMRA. The proposed clustering protocol for efficient CH selection in WSN using SM‐NMRA outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art techniques with improved network lifespan and reduced energy consumption.