bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Inverse Modeling Approach to Estimate Three-Dimensional Aortic Valve Interstitial Cell Stress Fiber Force Levels
Authors: Khang Alex , Meyer Kenneth , Sacks Michael S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Within the aortic valve (AV) leaflet exists a population of interstitial cells (AVICs) that maintain the constituent tissues by extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion, degradation, and remodeling. AVICs can transition from a quiescent, fibroblast-like phenotype to an activated, myofibroblast phenotype in response to growth or disease. AVIC dysfunction has been implicated in AV disease processes, yet our understanding of AVIC function remains quite limited. A major characteristic of the AVIC phenotype is its contractile state, driven by contractile forces generated by the underlying stress fibers (SF). However, direct assessment of the AVIC SF contractile state and structure within physiologically mimicking three-dimensional environments remains technically challenging, as the size of single SFs are below the resolution of light microscopy. Therefore, in the present study, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) computational approach of AVICs embedded in 3D hydrogels to estimate their SF local orientations and contractile forces. One challenge with this approach is that AVICs will remodel the hydrogel, so that the gel moduli will vary spatially. We thus utilized our previous approach (Khang et al. 2023, “Estimation of Aortic Valve Interstitial Cell-Induced 3D Remodeling of Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Hydrogel Environments Using an Inverse Finite Element Approach,” Acta Biomater., 160, pp. 123–133) to define local hydrogel mechanical properties. The AVIC SF model incorporated known cytosol and nucleus mechanical behaviors, with the cell membrane assumed to be perfectly bonded to the surrounding hydrogel. The AVIC SFs were first modeled as locally unidirectional hyperelastic fibers with a contractile force component. An adjoint-based inverse modeling approach was developed to estimate local SF orientation and contractile force. Substantial heterogeneity in SF force and orientations were observed, with the greatest levels of SF alignment and contractile forces occurring in AVIC protrusions. The addition of a dispersed SF orientation to the modeling approach did not substantially alter these findings. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first fully 3D computational contractile cell models which can predict locally varying stress fiber orientation and contractile force levels.
The Manufacturing and Experimental Validation of a Nickel Superalloy Double-Wall, Effusion Test Specimen
Authors: Murray Alexander V. , Ireland Peter T. , Green Nick R. , Wickins Michael , Hood Richard , Telisinghe Janendra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the hot stage of a modern aeroengine operating with combustor firing temperatures well beyond the melting point of the nickel superalloys from which the turbine blades are manufactured, developments to the methods of cooling of these components are required to advance performance. Double-wall, effusion systems exhibit a quasi-transpiration like cooling effect with recent work demonstrating their exceptional cooling performance. Such systems are characterized by two walls, one with impingement holes and the other with film cooling holes, that are mechanically and thermally connected via pedestals. However, manufacturing such geometries from single-crystal nickel superalloys remains a significant barrier to entry into service. This paper presents a method of manufacturing double-wall effusion specimens from a nickel superalloy commonly used in modern commercial high-pressure turbine components. The method maintains the mechanical integrity associated with nickel superalloys. Details of the method are presented alongside X-ray and GOM laser scan data of a flat-plate test article that demonstrates the success of the manufacturing process. Aerothermal testing of the specimen in a bespoke recirculating wind-tunnel facility was undertaken in which the overall cooling effectiveness of the system is obtained. The results reaffirm the excellent cooling performance of double-wall, effusion systems and further validate the manufacturing methodology as a method by which to realize enhanced cooling effectiveness in service.
Identifying effect modifiers of systemic hydrocortisone treatment initiated 7–14 days after birth in ventilated very preterm infants on long-term outcome: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Halbmeijer Nienke Marjolein , Sonnaert Michel , Swarte Renate M , Koopman-Esseboom Corine , van Stuijvenberg Margriet , Mulder-de Tollenaer Susanne , Tan Ratna N G B , Mohns Thilo , Bruneel Els , Steiner Katerina , Kramer Boris W , Debeer Anne , van Weissenbruch Mirjam M , Marechal Yoann , Blom Henry , Plaskie Katleen , Offringa Martin , Merkus Maruschka P , Onland Wes , Leemhuis Aleid G , van Kaam Anton H 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo explore clinical effect modifiers of systemic hydrocortisone in ventilated very preterm infants for survival and neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years’ corrected age (CA).DesignSecondary analysis of a randomised placebo-controlled trial.SettingDutch and Belgian neonatal intensive care units.PatientsInfants born <30 weeks’ gestational age (GA), ventilator-dependent in the second week of postnatal life.InterventionInfants were randomly assigned to systemic hydrocortisone (cumulative dose 72.5 mg/kg; n=182) or placebo (n=190).Main outcome measuresThe composite of death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 2 years’ CA and its components. Candidate effect modifiers (GA, small for GA, respiratory index, sex, multiple births, risk of moderate/severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death) were analysed using regression models with interaction terms and subpopulation treatment effect pattern plots.ResultsThe composite outcome was available in 356 (96.0%) of 371 patients (one consent withdrawn). For this outcome, treatment effect heterogeneity was seen across GA subgroups (<27 weeks: hydrocortisone (n=141) vs placebo (n=156), 54.6% vs 66.2%; OR 0.61 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.98); ≥27 weeks: hydrocortisone (n=30) vs placebo (n=31), 66.7% vs 45.2%; OR 2.43 (95% CI 0.86 to 6.85); p=0.02 for interaction). This effect was also found for the component death (<27 weeks: 20.1% vs 32.1%; OR 0.53 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.90); ≥27 weeks: 28.1% vs 16.1%; OR 2.04 (95% CI 0.60 to 6.95); p=0.049 for interaction) but not for the component NDI. No differential treatment effects were observed across other subgroups.ConclusionThis secondary analysis suggests that in infants <27 weeks’ GA, systemic hydrocortisone may improve the outcome death or NDI, mainly driven by its component death. There was insufficient evidence for other selected candidate effect modifiers.
Bambuphaga, a new bamboo feeding-leafhopper genus (Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Punctulini) from India
Authors: RAMAIAH MOGILI , MESHRAM NARESH M. , DEY DEBJANI 
Published: September 2023

A new genus of bamboo feeding leafhopper, Bambuphaga n. gen. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Delcephalinae) with Bambuphaga balajii n. sp. from India (Andhra Pradesh) as the type species is described, illustrated, placed in the tribe Punctulini and an annotated checklist to the tribe is provided. The type specimens and material examined are deposited in the National Pusa Collection (NPC), Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
Impact of Sea Surface Temperature in the Extratropical Southern Indian Ocean on Antarctic Sea Ice in Austral Spring
Authors: Dou Juan , Zhang Renhe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The relationship between the seasonal Antarctic sea ice concentration (SIC) variability and the extratropical southern Indian Ocean (SIO) sea surface temperature (SST) is explored in this study. It is found that the Antarctic SIC in a wide band of the SIO, Ross Sea, and Weddell Sea is significantly related to an SIO dipole (SIOD) SST anomaly on the interannual time scale during austral spring. This relationship is linearly independent of the effects of El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Indian Ocean dipole, and the Southern Hemisphere annular mode. The positive phase of the SIOD, with warm SST anomalies off of western Australia and cold SST anomalies centered around 60°E in high latitudes, stimulates a downstream wave train that induces large-scale cyclonic circulations over the SIO and the Ross and Weddell Seas. Subsequently, anomalous horizontal moisture advection causes water vapor divergence, changes the surface energy budget, and cools the underlying ocean, which leads to the increased SIC over the region in the SIO, Ross Sea, and Weddell Sea. This SIOD SST anomaly reached a record low during the austral spring of 2016 and promoted the prominent wave pattern at high latitudes, contributing to the dramatic decline of sea ice in the 2016 spring. In addition, the proportion of the SIC trend that is linearly congruent with the SIOD SST trend during austral spring is quantified. The results indicate that the trend in the SIOD SST may account for a significant component of the 1979–2014 SIC trend in the Ross Sea with the congruency peaking at 60%.
Long-term results and predictors of failure after mechanochemical endovenous ablation in the treatment of primary great saphenous vein incompetence
Authors: Witte Marianne E , Holewijn Suzanne , van der Veen Daphne , Reijnen Michel MPJ , Zeebregts Clark J 
Published: September 2023

Background Mechanochemical endovenous ablation (MOCA) was introduced to treat superficial venous insufficiency of the lower leg with less pain and haematoma. Long-term outcome is still lacking. The purpose was to report long-term outcome and to analyse possible predictors for failure. Methods The study was a retrospective pooled analysis of two prospective cohorts previously reported, but with prolonged long-term outcome up to 5-years follow-up. Results 163 treated legs were analysed. Mean follow-up was 5.4±0.6 years, in which 33 total failures occurred. Four procedures were partially successful. VCSS improved significantly and remained stable after 1 and 2-years, but significantly rose again after 5-years. AVVQ dropped significantly, but increased after 1 year to 4.3 and 6.1 at 5-years follow-up. Conclusion MOCA was effective with minimal pain perioperative. However, anatomical success deteriorated after 1-year and showed even less results after 5-years, mainly due to partly recanalization, while clinical results were less affected. There were no clear clinical predictors for failure.
Exercise treatments for lumbar spinal stenosis: A systematic review and intervention component analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Comer Christine , Williamson Esther , McIlroy Suzanne , Srikesavan Cynthia , Dalton Sally , Melendez-Torres GJ , Lamb Sarah E 
Published: September 2023

Objective To analyse the components used in exercise interventions for people with symptoms of neurogenic claudication due to lumbar spinal stenosis and identify components associated with successful interventions. Data sources Eligible papers published up to April 2023 from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and trial registry websites. Review methods Literature searches were performed by an Information Specialist. We searched for randomised trials evaluating exercise interventions for people with neurogenic claudication symptoms (the primary symptom of lumbar spinal stenosis). Two authors independently performed study selection, data extraction, and quality assessments using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool Version 2 and the TIDieR checklist for intervention reporting. Details of intervention components were extracted, tabulated, and synthesised using an intervention component analysis approach. Results We found thirteen trials reporting 23 exercise interventions delivered to 1440 participants. These featured 60 different components. Most exercise interventions included supervision and flexion-based exercises. Balance exercises were rarely included. Exercise components featured more frequently in successful interventions included stretches, strength or trunk muscle exercises, fitness exercises, especially cycling, and psychologically informed approaches. Interpretation is limited by low study numbers and heterogeneity. No conclusions could be drawn about exercise supervision or dose. Discussion Exercise interventions for people with neurogenic claudication typically feature multiple components. Common features such as supervision, lumbar flexion, and aerobic fitness exercises and also less common features such as stretches, strengthening exercises, and psychologically informed approaches warrant consideration for inclusion when designing and optimising exercise interventions for people with lumbar spinal stenosis.
Cadaveric Biomechanical Study of Partial Glenoid Arthroplasty Versus the Latarjet Procedure for Anterior Glenoid Bone Loss
Authors: Kim Yong Tae , Lee Kyung Jae , Jang Young Hoon , Yang Sook , Lee Thay Q. , McGarry Michelle , Kim Sae Hoon 
Published: September 2023

Background: For severe anterior glenoid bone loss due to recurrent shoulder instability, the Latarjet procedure offers a dynamic sling effect in addition to bone augmentation. Yet, it heavily alters the surrounding anatomy, while fixation and graft union issues are also common. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare a novel printed 3-dimensional (3D) partial glenoid arthroplasty (PGA) implant with the classic Latarjet procedure. It was hypothesized that by replicating the original glenoid geometry and preserving soft tissue anatomy, PGA may better reproduce normal joint kinematics. In addition, the locking screw construct may offer stronger fixation. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 14 matched cadaveric shoulders were tested. The PGA implant was 3D printed in titanium based on preoperative computed tomography. The intact, 25% anterior glenoid bone loss, and postoperative states were tested in the scapular and coronal planes. The following parameters were measured: articular surface area and stepoff, rotational range of motion and the humeral head apex position during rotation, and load and linear stiffness at 25% anterior translation and at 2-mm construct displacement. Results: The baseline dimensions of the glenoid articular surface were comparable between the groups. The articular surface area after PGA was significantly larger ( P = .006) with less articular stepoff ( P = .030). PGA better approximated the intact state’s external ( P = .006) and total ( P = .019) rotational range of motion in the scapular plane. The course of the humeral head apex after PGA better followed that of the intact state ( P < .001). Resistance against anterior translation after PGA was not significantly different compared with after the Latarjet procedure. Greater linear stiffness ( P = .031) and loading ( P = .002) at 2-mm construct displacement were demonstrated in the PGA group. Conclusion: In addressing anterior glenoid bone loss, PGA better approximated intact glenohumeral joint kinematics compared with the Latarjet procedure with less articular stepoff in a cadaveric model. PGA was comparable in resisting anterior translation while being significantly stronger against loading at 2-mm construct displacement. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate this novel procedure. Clinical Relevance: A 3D-printed PGA implant may offer an alternative treatment option for severe glenoid bone loss due to shoulder instability, overcoming the previous drawbacks of the Latarjet procedure, including altered kinematics, fixation failure, and hardware issues.
Manipulation Under Anesthesia and/or Lysis of Adhesions After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Female Basketball Players: Does Race Play a Role?
Authors: Crabtree Reaves M. , Barrett Austin M. , Parsell Douglas E. , Ferguson William J. , Replogle William H. , Barrett Gene R. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Arthrofibrosis can limit function and return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Previously reported risk factors for developing arthrofibrosis after ACL reconstruction include female sex, age <18 years, time from injury to surgery <28 days, concomitant meniscal repair, prolonged immobilization, and genetic factors. There is a lack of evidence regarding whether race plays a significant role. Hypothesis: The risk of undergoing manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) and/or lysis of adhesions (LOA) after primary ACL reconstruction with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) autograft in female basketball players is higher in African American players than in White players. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Using a computerized relational database, the authors identified competitive female basketball players who underwent primary ACL reconstruction with BTB autograft by the senior author over a 13-year period. Data previously entered from examinations and surgical findings were reviewed retrospectively. Univariate statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between undergoing subsequent MUA and/or LOA and study predictors. Results: A total of 186 knees (114 African American knees and 72 White knees) met inclusion criteria. The overall rate of MUA and/or LOA was 8.6%. Thirteen African American knees (11.4%) and 3 White knees (4.2%) underwent MUA and/or LOA for treatment of arthrofibrosis. No study predictor was found to have a statistically significant relationship with the rate of MUA and/or LOA on univariate analysis. However, when controlling for body mass index and previously described risk factors (age <18 years, time from injury to surgery ≤28 days, and concomitant meniscal repair) in the logistic regression model, the authors found that MUA and/or LOA was more likely in African American (odds ratio, 4.01 [95% CI, 1.01-15.92]; P = .049) than in White female players and in patients who underwent ACL reconstruction within 28 days of injury (odds ratio, 4.01 [95% CI, 1.18-13.57]; P = .026) compared with those with surgery delayed beyond 28 days. Conclusion: In female basketball players, the present study found a statistically significantly increased risk for undergoing MUA and/or LOA after primary ACL reconstruction with BTB autograft in African American females compared with White females and in patients who underwent ACL reconstruction within 28 days of injury.
Correlation Between the Location and Distance of Kissing Contusions and Knee Laxity in Acute Noncontact ACL Injury
Authors: Li Junqiao , Mao Yunhe , Wang Duan , Fu Weili , Li Qi , Tang Xin , Chen Gang , Chen Xi , Yao Lei , You Mingke , Xiong Yan , Li Jian 
Published: September 2023

Background: Bone bruise (BB) and kissing contusion are common features of acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The correlation between the location and distance of kissing contusions and knee laxity remains unclear. Purpose: To determine the significance of different patterns of BB in acute noncontact ACL injury and assess the correlation between the location and distance of kissing contusions and the severity of knee laxity. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 205 patients with acute noncontact ACL injury undergoing arthroscopic treatment between January 2021 and May 2022 were included in this retrospective analysis. Patients were grouped according to the different patterns of BB. The type of ACL injury and concomitant injuries were analyzed on MRI and confirmed by arthroscopy. Anterior knee laxity was assessed by the Ligs digital arthrometer and stress radiography, and rotational knee laxity was assessed by the intraoperative pivot-shift test. The MRI parameters of the location and distance of kissing contusions were measured to assess their correlations with the severity of knee laxity. Results: Of the 205 patients with acute noncontact ACL injury, 38 were in the non-BB group and 167 were in the BB group, the latter including 32 with the isolated BB on the lateral tibial plateau and 135 with kissing contusions. There was no significant difference in the mean time from initial injury to MRI scan between the non-BB group and the BB group (14.34 ± 2.92 vs 15.17 ± 2.86 days; P = .109) or between the isolated BB subgroup and the kissing contusion subgroup (14.94 ± 2.92 vs 15.23 ± 2.85 days; P = .605). The side-to-side difference (SSD) in anterior knee laxity and the incidences of complete ACL injury, concomitant injuries, and high-grade pivot-shift test were significantly higher in the BB group than in the non-BB group, and in the kissing contusion subgroup compared with the isolated BB subgroup. The kissing contusion index of the lateral femoral condyle (LFC) and the sagittal distance of kissing contusions were significantly correlated with the SSD in anterior knee laxity and the grade of pivot-shift test ( P < .001). Conclusion: The presence of BB, in particular the appearance of kissing contusions, was related to greater knee laxity and higher incidences of complete ACL injury and concomitant injuries in acute noncontact ACL injury. For patients with kissing contusions, as the location of BB on the LFC moved forward and the distance between kissing contusions increased, anterior and rotational knee laxity became more serious.
Antidementia Medication Use in Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Ott Brian R. , Hollins Carl , Tjia Jennifer , Baek Jonggyu , Chen Qiaoxi , Lapane Kate L. , Alcusky Matthew 
Published: September 2023

Background Antidementia medication can provide symptomatic improvements in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, but there is a lack of consensus guidance on when to start and stop treatment in the nursing home setting. Methods We describe utilization patterns of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) and memantine for 3,50,197 newly admitted NH residents with dementia between 2011 and 2018. Results Overall, pre-admission use of antidementia medications declined from 2011 to 2018 (ChEIs: 44.5% to 36.9%; memantine: 27.4% to 23.2%). Older age, use of a feeding tube, and greater functional dependency were associated with lower odds of ChEI initiation. Coronary artery disease, parenteral nutrition, severe aggressive behaviors, severe cognitive impairment, and high functional dependency were associated with discontinuation of ChEIs. Comparison of clinical factors related to anti-dementia drug treatment changes from pre to post NH admission in 2011 and 2018 revealed a change toward lower likelihood of initiation of treatment among residents with more functional dependency and those with indicators of more complex illness as well as a change toward higher likelihood of discontinuation in residents having 2 or more hospital stays. Conclusions These prescribing trends highlight the need for additional research on the effects of initiating and discontinuing antidementia medications in the NH to provide clear guidance for clinicians when making treatment decisions for individual residents.