bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Microbiota Regulates the Metabolic Benefits of Resistance Exercise Intervention via BCAAs Biosynthesis
Authors: Cai yunpeng , zhang kai , Shen Siting , Duan Jueni , Li Meng , Yuan Haihua , Huang Yuan , Gao Xuefeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Weight-loss outcomes of overweight/obese individuals upon exercise programs are inconsistent across studies, and the functional determinants underlying this heterogeneous phenomenon remain unclear. Here, we conducted a 12-week exercise intervention program with a longitudinal collection of body composition, serum metabolites, and fecal microbiome data from 62 subjects to investigate the physiological and microbial responses to resistance exercise. Distinct weight loss trajectories and high inter-individual variability on multiple clinical parameters in response to exercise were observed. The baseline gut branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) biosynthesis capacity and serum BCAAs metabolites-based predictor were significantly outperformed the taxa-based P/B-value marker on intervention response prediction. Fecal microbial transplantation validated that the metabolic responsiveness was driven by the engrafting of the hub taxa of Oscillospira and Ruminococcus. This data suggest that gut microbiota was both the driver for individualized responsiveness to exercise and the mediator conferring the effect of metabolic benefits on body weight.
Rotational vibration energy harvesting enhancement with the combinations of centrifugal effect, gravity effect and bi-stable restoring effect
Authors: WANG Guangqing , Zhou Yuyang , Hou Lugang , Li Guangbo , Jiang Yifan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Bi-stable piezoelectric-magnetic-elastic energy harvester (BPEH) has been widely investigated to improve the harvesting performance of low-frequency vibration energy. The centrifugal effect, gravity effect and bi-stable restoring effect and their combinations on the BPEH’s potential wells and dynamic behaviors in rotational motions are completely different from those in low-frequency ambient vibrations, and they have not yet been well explored. This article presents a rotational bi-stable piezoelectric-magnetic-elastic energy harvester (R-BPEH) to enhance the rotational vibration energy harvesting with the combinations of the centrifugal effect, gravity effect and bi-stable restoring effect. A theoretical model considering the centrifugal effect, gravity effect and bi-stable restoring effect was established to describe the dynamic response behaviors of the R-BPEH. The centrifugal effect caused by the centrifugal force, gravity effect induced by the gravity of tip magnet, bi-stable restoring effect induced by the nonlinear magnetic force and their combinations on the potential energy wells, dynamic performance and power generation are theoretically explored under different system parameters, such as magnetic distance, rotating radius and rotational speed, etc. The results show that the centrifugal hardening stiffness induced by the centrifugal force of the R-BPEH can increase the oscillating frequency and harvesting voltage in high rotational speed range, but narrows the working bandwidth of inter-well motion; The gravity component in transverse direction generates additional periodical excitation force on the R-BPEH to produce high energy generations, the gravity component in axial direction softens the centrifugal hardening effect to enhance the energy generation in low rotational speed range. In addition, their combination leads to the appearances of asymmetric potential wells which further enhance the dynamic and electrical performances of the R-BPEH. Experiments are conducted to show good agreement with the theoretical results. The maximum harvested voltage and power generation of the R-BPEH achieves 2.5 V and 0.59 µW when the rotational speed ranges from 150 rpm to 540 rpm.
Rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 using the RHAM technology
Authors: Xiao Zhuo , Liu Xiaoli , Kang Xiaolong , Feng Yaoheng , Zheng Lijun , Chen Chong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens is of utmost importance in interrupting the transmission chain of infectious diseases. In recent years, this has proven to be vital during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic that put countless lives at risk. Numerous molecular diagnostic methods were used, including RT-PCR, NASBA, E-SDA, E-RCA, LAMP, and RPA. However, these technologies potentially require primer optimization and complex instruments. Here, we propose the RHAM (RNase Hybridization-Assisted amplification) system as a rapid, specific, and sensitive molecular diagnosis platform. Combining the LAMP and RNase HII-mediated fluorescent reporter, the RHAM system can amplify and visualize the target in one isothermal system with high sensitivity (5×102 copies/mL). There was no cross-reactivity with other common respiratory viruses. Analysis of clinical samples revealed the RHAM system to generate positive signals within 15 minutes without false positive or negative results. The present study shows that RHAM is not only an ideal platform for detecting pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2 but can be potentially applied in POCT settings.
Normalization of Gene Expression for Acute Leukemia Studies: Selecting a Set of Endogenous Genes Control
Authors: Pessoa Flávia Melo Cunha de Pinho , Viana Vitória Beatriz de Jesus , Oliveira Marcelo Braga , Ribeiro Rodrigo Monteiro , Oliveira Deivide Sousa , Lopes Germison Silva , Filho Manoel Odorico Moraes , Moraes Maria Elisabete Amaral , Montenegro Raquel Carvalho , Moreira Fabiano Cordeiro , Khayat André Salim , Moreira-Nunes Caroline Aquino 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Reference genes are used as internal reaction control for gene expression analysis and for this they are considered reliable and must meet several important criteria. In view of the absence of studies regarding the best reference gene for the analysis of acute leukemia patients, a panel of genes commonly used as endogenous was selected from the literature for analysis of stability: GAPDH, ABL, HPRT1, RPLP0, ACTB and TBP. The stability of candidate reference genes was analyzed according to four statistical methods of assessment, namely, NormFinder, GeNorm and R software. From this study’s analysis it was possible to identify that the endogenous set composed by ACTB, ABL, TBP and RPLPO demonstrated good performances and stable expressions between the analyzed groups. Besides that, the GAPDH and HPRT genes could not be classified as good reference genes, considering that they presented a high standard deviation and great variability between groups, indicating low stability. Given these findings, this study suggests the main endogenous set for use as control/reference for the analysis of gene expression in peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from patients with acute leukemias, is composed by the ACTB, ABL, TBP and RPLPO genes.
Efficient Reduction of Casimir Forces by Self-assembled Bio-molecular Thin Films
Authors: Sedmik René , Urech Alexander , Zalevsky Zeev , Carmeli Itai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Casimir forces, related to London-van der Waals forces, arise if the spectrum of electromagnetic fluctuations is restricted by boundaries. There is great interest both from fundamental science and technical applications to control these forces on the nano scale. Scientifically, the Casimir effect being the only known quantum vacuum effect manifesting between macroscopic objects, allows to investigate the poorly known physics of the vacuum. In this work, we experimentally investigate the influence of self-assembled molecular bio and organic thin films on the Casimir force between a plate and a sphere. We find that molecular thin films, despite being a mere few nanometers thick, reduce the Casimir force by up to 14%.
To identify the molecular characteristics leading to this reduction, five different bio-molecular films with varying chemical and physical properties were investigated. Spectroscopic data reveal a broad absorption band whose presence can be attributed to the mixing of electronic states of the underlying gold layer and those of the molecular film due to charge rearrangement in the process of self-assembly. Using Lifshitz theory we calculate that the observed change in the Casimir force is consistent with the appearance of the new absorption band due to the formation of molecular layers. The desired Casimir force reduction can be tuned by stacking several monolayers, using a simple self-assembly technique in a solution. The molecules - each a few nanometers long - can penetrate small cavities and holes, and cover any surface with high efficiency. This process seems compatible with current methods in the production of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), which cannot be miniaturized beyond a certain size due to `stiction' caused by the Casimir effect. Our approach could therefore readily enable further miniaturization of these devices.
Scalable and efficient grating couplers on low-index photonic platforms enabled by cryogenic deep silicon etching
Authors: Lomonte Emma , Stappers Maik , Krämer Linus , Pernice Wolfram H.P. , Lenzini Francesco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Efficient fiber-to-chip couplers for multi-port access to photonic integrated circuits are paramount for a broad class of applications, ranging, e.g., from telecommunication to photonic computing and quantum technologies. Grating-based approaches are often desirable for providing out-of-plane access to the photonic circuits. However, on photonic platforms characterized by a refractive index ≃2 at telecom wavelength, such as silicon nitride or thin-film lithium niobate, the limited grating strength has thus far hindered the achievement of coupling efficiencies comparable to the ones attainable in silicon photonics. Here we present a flexible strategy for the realization of highly efficient grating couplers on such low-index photonic platforms. To simultaneously reach a high scattering efficiency and a near-unitary modal overlap with optical fibers, we make use of self-imaging gratings designed with a negative diffraction angle. To ensure high directionality of the diffracted light, we take advantage of a metal back-reflector patterned underneath the grating structure by cryogenic deep reactive ion etching of the silicon handle. Using silicon nitride as a testbed material, we experimentally demonstrate coupling efficiency up to -0.55 dB in the telecom C-band with high chip-scale device yield.
Status of professional mental health help-seeking intention and associated factors among medical students: a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Qiu Lei , Wangzhou Kaixin , Liu Yudan , Ding Jindong , Li Hui , Ma Jinhui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aim
Low professional help-seeking intention (PHSI) hinders effective treatment of mental illness. PHSI among Chinese students is still understudied and under-recognized. This study aimed to evaluate the status of PHSI and its associated risk factors among Chinese medical students.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Hainan province, South China, between January 1, 2021, and May 31, 2021. A total of 2182 medical students was recruited and surveyed via an anonymous structured questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with PHSI.
Results
Among the 2182 medical students (mean age 21.0 years (SD = 3.70), 61.5% females), those with and without PHSI were 72.0% and 28.0%, and 16.4% with moderate to severe depression. Regression analysis revealed that those students who were male (OR = 1.5), with a high level of depression stigma (OR = 2.0), had serious family dysfunction (OR = 2.1), with heavy dependence on mobile phones (OR = 1.7), were more likely not to seek for professional mental health help.
Conclusions
Interventions concentrating on increasing medical students' PHSI should focus on reducing depression stigma, reliance on mobile phone use, and improving their family function.
Effects of Symptom Burdens on the Quality of Life in Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Chiou Ling-Jan , Lin Yun-Yen , Lang Hui-Chu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose:This study aimed to examine the symptom burden conditions and quality of life in patients with lung cancer.
Methods: A structured questionnaire was utilized to collect data from patients with lung cancer at a medical center. Demographic information of the patients was obtained, and their symptom burden and quality of life (QOL) were assessed using the QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 instruments. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was employed to estimate the relationship between lung cancer-related symptom burden and quality of life.
Results: A total of 159 patients completed the questionnaire. The mean age of the patients was 63.12±11.4 years, with 64.8% of them being female. The Global Quality of Life score on the QLQ-C30 was 67.87±22.24. The top five lung cancer-related symptoms reported were insomnia, dyspnea, fatigue (from the QLQ-C30), and coughing and dyspnea (from the QLQ-LC13). The multiple regression analysis revealed that appetite loss was significantly associated with global quality of life (β = -0.32; adjusted R2: 27%) and cognitive function (β = -0.15; adjusted R2: 11%). Fatigue was associated with role function (β = -0.35; adjusted R2: 43%), emotional function (β = -0.26; adjusted R2: 9%), and social function (β= -0.26; adjusted R2: 27%). Dyspnea was associated with physical function (β= -0.45; adjusted R2: 42%).
Conclusion: The main contributors to symptom burdens and reduced quality of life in lung cancer patients were appetite loss, fatigue, and dyspnea. Alleviating these symptoms can potentially improve the quality of life and overall survival outcomes for patients with lung cancer.
A Machine Learning based Two-Step Cascading Method for Severe Pertussis Prediction
Authors: Hong Haoyang , Kang Limin , Mi Rong , Hou Xinlin , Hong Shenda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory illness that can cause severe complications, particularly in children. However, predicting which patients with pertussis are at risk of developing severe symptoms remains a challenge in clinical practice. In this study, we developed a two-step cascading machine learning pipeline to predict severe pertussis in patients with the disease.
Study Design
This work retrospectively involved both outpatients and inpatients with pertussis between March 2011 and December 2018 from Capital Institute of Pediatrics. We developed a two-step cascading prediction pipeline for severe pertussis in both outpatients and inpatients based on logistic regression models and nomograms. The pipeline selected potential severe pertussis patients with high sensitivity in the first step and predicted severe pertussis patients with high specificity in the second step using additional information. Further, the second step of pipeline was tested on a held-out test set of 17 inpatients with pertussis patients enrolled since December 2018.
Results
This work split the enrolled patients into training cohort and validation cohort in a 7:3 ratio. The first-step machine learning models included onset age (months) as a predictor and achieved a sensitivity of 0.923 (95% CI, 0.778-1.00) in the validation cohort. The second-step machine learning model consisted of five variables: white blood cell count, globulin usage, fever, paroxysmal cyanosis, and increased leukocyte levels. The validation cohort showed an accuracy of 0.797, AUC of 0.920 (95% CI, 0.832-1.000), sensitivity of 0.647 (95% CI, 0.413-0.827), and specificity of
0.846 (95% CI, 0.725-0.920). Nomograms were developed based on the machine learning models, and the calibration curves indicated a good fit.
Conclusion
This study developed a severe pertussis prediction pipeline using machine learning models, which demonstrated high sensitivity in the first step and high accuracy in the second step. The pipeline provides a useful screening and prediction workflow for severe pertussis patients, and the inclusion of nomograms enhances its practicality for clinical use. Overall, this pipeline has potential to improve the early identification and management of severe pertussis cases.
Effect of delayed cord clamping on maternal and neonatal outcome in twin pregnancies
Authors: Yoon Suin , Jin Yookyung , Kim Yejin , Sung Ji-Hee , Choi Suk-Joo , Oh Soo-young , Roh Cheong-Rae 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes following delayed cord clamping (DCC) versus immediate cord clamping (ICC) in twin pregnancies. This was a retrospective cohort study of 705 twin pregnancies who delivered at ≥ 24 weeks of gestation. Maternal and neonatal hemoglobin levels, blood transfusion, and neonatal outcomes were compared between DCC (n = 225) and ICC (n = 480) groups. Mean maternal predelivery and postpartum hemoglobin levels and the rate of postpartum hemoglobin drop ≥ 20% or maternal blood transfusion were comparable between the two groups. The DCC group had a significantly higher mean neonatal hemoglobin level (DCC vs. ICC: 17.4 ± 3.5 vs. 16.6 ± 2.7 g/dl, P = 0.010) but significantly lower rates of neonatal blood transfusion (DCC vs. ICC: 3.3% vs. 8.8%, P < 0.001) and respiratory distress syndrome (DCC vs. ICC: 6.7% vs. 15.2%, P < 0.001) than the ICC group. In conclusion, DCC compared with ICC in twin pregnancy was not associated with an increase of maternal postpartum bleeding complications, but it was associated with higher neonatal hemoglobin level and lower risks of neonatal blood transfusion and respiratory distress syndrome.
Eggshells derived Nano-hydroxyapatite doped with Si and Zn as novel bone regenerative material in critical-sized bone defects – in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Alashi Shaza , kouri Isam , Alghoraibi Ibrahim , Kochaji Nabil , Houri Abdullah 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite Nano-particles are the most abundant inorganic compound found in bone tissue. Nano-hydroxyapatite (N-HA) was synthesized by different methods to be used as bone substitution material due to its favorable biocompatibility and biological activity. To mimic the natural structure of bone inorganic phase, N-HA has been doped with several ions to enhance its degradation and cell interaction. In this work, using the wet chemical precipitation method, N-HA was synthesized from eggshells as a bio-waste source and doped with silicon (Si+ 4) and zinc (Zn+ 2). Spherical Nano-sized particles of hydroxyapatite (HA) were obtained with a high surface area and an interconnected porous structure. The average particle size was 239 nm, and the average porosity of 20%. The substitution of Si+ 4 and Zn+ 2 into N-HA crystal lattice affected physical features by decreasing the particle size and crystallinity. The crystal size of N-HA decreased from 61 nm to 46 nm after the dual doping. Doping ions also improved the biological behavior of N-HA by increasing the cell viability of N-HA in vitro. Synthesis of N-HA from eggshells seemed to affect the phase purity of the material, a phase of whitlockite (WH) appeared in N-HA powder even after was sintered at a high temperature of 1200○c. The in vivo results demonstrated the ability of Si –Zn doped HA to well integrate into bone tissue and induce bone regeneration in critical-sized bone defects. Histological analysis showed that the mean value of newly-formed bone area (total bone area/total area) measured via histomorphometric reached 69%±0.015% after 12 weeks in grafted defects. Furthermore, significant differences in bone formation were found between grafted and control samples. We present our study to be a starting point for more investigation into the ability to synthesize a biomimicry bone substitution martial that meets the renewable requirements in the bone regeneration field.
Bioprinting of human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells with hydrazone crosslinked hyaluronic acid bioink
Authors: Grönroos Pyry , Mörö Anni , Puistola Paula , Hopia Karoliina , Huuskonen Maija , Ilmarinen Tanja , Skottman Heli 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:
Human corneal endothelial cells lack regenerative capacity through cell division in vivo. Thus, in the case of trauma or dystrophy, the only treatment modality currently available is corneal tissue or primary corneal endothelial cell transplantation from cadaveric donor with high global shortage. Our ultimate goal is to use the state-of-the-art 3D-bioprint technology for automated production of human partial and full-thickness corneal tissues using human stem cells and functional bioinks. Here, we explored the possibility to bioprint corneal endothelium using human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells and hydrazone crosslinked hyaluronic acid bioink.
Methods:
Corneal endothelial cells differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells were bioprinted using optimized hydrazone crosslinked hyaluronic acid based bioink. Before bioprinting, the biocompatibility of the bioink with cells was first analyzed with transplantation on ex vivo denuded porcine corneas and on denuded human Descemet membrane. Then bioprinting was proceeded and the viability of human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells after bioprinting was verified with live/dead stainings. Histological and immunofluorescence stainings with ZO1, Na+/K+-ATPase and CD166 were used to confirm corneal endothelial cell phenotype in all experiments and STEM121 marker was used to identify human cells from the ex vivo porcine corneas.
Results:
The bioink modified for human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells successfully supported the viability and printability of the cells. After 10 days of ex vivo transplantations, STEM121 positive cells were verified on the Descemet membrane of porcine cornea showing the biocompatibility of the bioink. Furthermore, biocompatibility was confirmed on denuded human Descemet membrane showing corneal endothelial like characteristics. Seven days after bioprinting, the corneal endothelial like cells were viable and showed polygonal morphology with expression and native-like localization of ZO-1, Na+/K+-ATPase and CD166. Nevertheless, mesenchymal-like cells in some parts of the cultures were evident and those cells spread underneath the corneal endothelial-like cell layer.
Conclusions:
Our results demonstrate that human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells can be bioprinted in covalently crosslinked hyaluronic acid bioink. This approach has potential as a corneal endothelium transplant and furthermore, can be used in the mission of bioprinting the full-thickness human cornea.