bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations between QPO frequencies and spectral parameters of GRS 1915+105 using AstroSat observations
Authors: Dhaka Ruchika , Misra Ranjeev , Yadav J S , Jain Pankaj 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
In this work, we study the correlation between quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency and the spectral parameters during various X-ray states in the black hole binary GRS 1915+105 which matches well with the predicted relativistic dynamic frequency (i.e. the inverse of the sound crossing time) at the truncated radii. We have used broad-band data of Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter and Soft X-ray Telescope instruments onboard AstroSat. Spectral fitting shows that the accretion rate varies from ∼0.1 to ∼5.0 × 1018 gm s−1 and the truncated radius changing from the last stable orbit of an almost maximally spinning black hole, ∼1.2 to ∼19 gravitational radii. For this wide range, the frequencies of the C-type QPO (2–6 Hz) follow the trend predicted by the relativistic dynamical frequency model and interestingly, the high-frequency QPO at ∼70 Hz also follows the same trend, suggesting they originate from the innermost stable circular orbit with the same mechanism as the more commonly observed C-type QPO. While the qualitative trend is as predicted, there are quantitative deviations between the data and the theory, and the possible reasons for these deviations are discussed.
Local positive feedback in the overall negative: the impact of quasar winds on star formation in the FIRE cosmological simulations
Authors: Mercedes-Feliz Jonathan , Anglés-Alcázar Daniel , Hayward Christopher C , Cochrane Rachel K , Terrazas Bryan A , Wellons Sarah , Richings Alexander J , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André , Moreno Jorge , Su Kung Yi , Hopkins Philip F , Quataert Eliot , Kereš Dušan 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Negative feedback from accreting supermassive black holes is considered crucial in suppressing star formation and quenching massive galaxies. However, several models and observations suggest that black hole feedback may have a positive effect, triggering star formation by compressing interstellar medium gas to higher densities. We investigate the dual role of black hole feedback using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations from the Feedback In Realistic Environment (FIRE) project, incorporating a novel implementation of hyper-refined accretion-disc winds. Focusing on a massive, star-forming galaxy at z ∼ 2 ($M_{\rm halo} \sim 10^{12.5}\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$), we demonstrate that strong quasar winds with a kinetic power of ∼1046 erg s−1, persisting for over 20 Myr, drive the formation of a central gas cavity and significantly reduce the surface density of star formation across the galaxy’s disc. The suppression of star formation primarily occurs by limiting the availability of gas for star formation rather than by evacuating the pre-existing star-forming gas reservoir (preventive feedback dominates over ejective feedback). Despite the overall negative impact of quasar winds, we identify several potential indicators of local positive feedback, including (1) the spatial anticorrelation between wind-dominated regions and star-forming clumps, (2) higher local star formation efficiency in compressed gas at the edge of the cavity, and (3) increased contribution of outflowing material to local star formation. Moreover, stars formed under the influence of quasar winds tend to be located at larger radial distances. Our findings suggest that both positive and negative AGN feedback can coexist within galaxies, although the local positive triggering of star formation has a minor influence on global galaxy growth.
EHT observables as a tool to estimate parameters of supermassive black holes
Authors: Afrin Misba , Ghosh Sushant G 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration unveiled event-horizon-scale images of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) M87* and Sgr A*, revealing a dark brightness depression, namely the black hole shadow, whose shape and size may encode the parameters of the SMBHs, and the shadow is consistent with that of a Kerr black hole. It furnishes another encouraging tool to estimate black hole parameters and test theories of gravity in extreme regions near the event horizon. We propose a technique that uses EHT observables, the angular shadow diameter dsh, and the axis ratio $\mathcal {D}_A$, to estimate the parameters associated with SMBHs, described by the Kerr metric. Unlike previous methods, our approach explicitly considers the uncertainties in the measurement of EHT observables. Modelling Kerr–Newman and three rotating regular space–times to be M87* and Sgr A* and applying our technique, we estimate the associated charge parameters along with spin. Our method is consistent with the existing formalisms and can be applied to shadow shapes that are more general and may not be circular. We can use the technique for other SMBHs once their EHT observables become accessible. With future, more accurate measurements of the EHT observables, the estimation of various SMBH parameters like the spin and inclination angles of M87* and Sgr A* would be more precise.
Jellyfish galaxies with the IllustrisTNG simulations – when, where, and for how long does ram pressure stripping of cold gas occur?
Authors: Rohr Eric , Pillepich Annalisa , Nelson Dylan , Zinger Elad , Joshi Gandhali D , Ayromlou Mohammadreza 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Jellyfish galaxies are prototypical examples of satellite galaxies undergoing strong ram pressure stripping (RPS). We analyse the evolution of 512 unique, first-infalling jellyfish galaxies from the TNG50 cosmological simulation. These have been visually inspected to be undergoing RPS sometime in the past 5 Byr (since z = 0.5), have satellite stellar masses $M_\star ^{\rm sat}\sim 10^{8\!-\!10.5}\, {\rm M}_\odot$, and live in hosts with $M_{\rm 200c}\sim 10^{12\!-\!14.3}\, {\rm M}_\odot$ at z = 0. We quantify the cold gas (T ≤ 104.5 K) removal using the tracer particles, confirming that for these jellyfish, RPS is the dominant driver of cold gas loss after infall. Half of these jellyfish are completely gas-less by z = 0, and these galaxies have earlier infall times and smaller satellite-to-host mass ratios than their gaseous counterparts. RPS can act on jellyfish galaxies over long time-scales of ≈1.5–8 Gyr. Jellyfish in more massive hosts are impacted by RPS for a shorter time span and, at a fixed host mass, jellyfish with less cold gas at infall and lower stellar masses at z = 0 have shorter RPS time spans. While RPS may act for long periods of time, the peak RPS period – where at least 50 per cent of the total RPS occurs – begins within ≈1 Gyr of infall and lasts ≲2 Gyr. During this period, the jellyfish are at host-centric distances ∼0.2–2R200c, illustrating that much of RPS occurs at large distances from the host galaxy. Interestingly, jellyfish continue forming stars until they have lost ≈98 per cent of their cold gas. For groups and clusters in TNG50 $(M_{\rm 200c}^{\rm host}\sim 10^{13\!-\!14.3}\, {\rm M}_\odot)$, jellyfish galaxies deposit more cold gas ($\sim 10^{11\!-\!12}\, {\rm M}_\odot$) into haloes than what exists in them at z = 0, demonstrating that jellyfish, and in general satellite galaxies, are a significant source of cold gas accretion.
Testing space–time geometries and theories of gravity at the Galactic centre with pulsar’s time delay
Authors: Della Monica Riccardo , De Martino Ivan , De Laurentis Mariafelicia 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTWe developed a numerical methodology to compute the fully relativistic propagation time of photons emitted by a pulsar in orbit around a massive compact object, like the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* in the Galactic centre, whose gravitational field is described by a generic spherically symmetric space–time. Pulsars at the Galactic centre are usually regarded as the next major precision probe for theories of gravity, filling the current experimental gap between horizon-scale gravity tests and those at larger scales. We retain a completely general approach, which allows us to apply our code to the Schwarzschild space–time (by which we successfully validate our methodology) and to three different well-motivated alternatives to the standard black hole paradigm. The results of our calculations highlight departures spanning several orders of magnitudes in timing residuals, that are supposed to be detectable with future observing facilities like the Square Kilometer Array.
Coronal properties of low-accreting AGNs using Swift, XMM–Newton, and NuSTAR observations
Authors: Jana Arghajit , Chatterjee Arka , Chang Hsiang-Kuang , Nandi Prantik , Rubinur K , Kumari Neeraj , Naik Sachindra , Safi-Harb Samar , Ricci Claudio 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We studied the broad-band X-ray spectra of Swift/Burst Alert Telescope selected low-accreting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using the observations from XMM–Newton, Swift, and NuSTAR in the energy range of 0.5–150 keV. Our sample consists of 30 AGNs with Eddington ratio, λEdd &lt; 10−3. We extracted several coronal parameters from the spectral modelling, such as the photon index, hot electron plasma temperature, cutoff energy, and optical depth. We tested whether there exist any correlation/anticorrelation among different spectral parameters. We observe that the relation of hot electron temperature with the cutoff energy in the low accretion domain is similar to what is observed in the high accretion domain. We did not observe any correlation between the Eddington ratio and the photon index. We studied the compactness–temperature diagram and found that the cooling process for extremely low-accreting AGNs is complex. The jet luminosity is calculated from the radio flux, and observed to be related to the bolometric luminosity as $L_{\rm jet} \propto L_{\rm bol}^{0.7}$, which is consistent with the standard radio-X-ray correlation.
Effectively utilizing publicly available databases for cancer target evaluation
Authors: Croft Daniel , Lodhia Puja , Lourenco Sofia , MacKay Craig 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The majority of compounds designed against cancer drug targets do not progress to become approved drugs, mainly due to lack of efficacy and/or unmanageable toxicity. Robust target evaluation is therefore required before progressing through the drug discovery process to reduce the high attrition rate. There are a wealth of publicly available databases that can be mined to generate data as part of a target evaluation. It can, however, be challenging to learn what databases are available, how and when they should be used, and to understand the associated limitations. Here, we have compiled and present key, freely accessible and easy-to-use databases that house informative datasets from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. We also highlight comprehensive target review databases that aim to bring together information from multiple sources into one-stop portals. In the post-genomics era, a key objective is to exploit the extensive cell, animal and patient characterization datasets in order to deliver precision medicine on a patient-specific basis. Effective utilization of the highlighted databases will go some way towards supporting the cancer research community achieve these aims.
Global Prevalence of Chronic Pain in Women with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Povshedna Tetiana , Swann Shayda A , Levy Sofia L A , Campbell Amber R , Choinière Manon , Durand Madeleine , Price Colleen , Gill Prubjot , Murray Melanie C M , Côté Hélène C F 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chronic pain is common among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and detrimental to quality of life and overall health. It is often underdiagnosed, undertreated, and frankly dismissed in women with HIV, despite growing evidence that it is highly prevalent in this population. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the global prevalence of chronic pain in women with HIV. The full protocol can be found on PROSPERO (identifier CRD42022301145). Of the 2984 references identified in our search, 36 were included in the systematic review and 35 in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of chronic pain was 31.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.6%–38.7%; I2 = 98% [95% CI, 97%–99%]; P &lt; .0001). In this global assessment, we found a high prevalence of chronic pain among women with HIV, underscoring the importance of understanding the etiology of chronic pain, identifying effective treatments, and conducting regular assessments in clinical practice.
Neural Signatures of Predictive Strategies Track Individuals Along the Autism-Schizophrenia Continuum
Authors: Tarasi Luca , Martelli Maria Eugenia , Bortoletto Marta , di Pellegrino Giuseppe , Romei Vincenzo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Humans develop a constellation of different representations of the external environment, even in the face of the same sensory exposure. According to the Bayesian framework, these differentiations could be grounded in a different weight assigned to prior knowledge vs. new external inputs in predictive inference. Since recent advances in computational psychiatry suggest that autism (ASD) and schizophrenia (SSD) lie on the two diametric poles of the same predictive continuum, the adoption of a specific inferential style could be routed by dispositional factors related to autistic and schizotypal traits. However, no studies have directly investigated the role of ASD–SSD dimension in shaping the neuro-behavioral markers underlying perceptual inference.

Study Design
We used a probabilistic detection task while simultaneously recording EEG to investigate whether neurobehavioral signatures related to prior processing were diametrically shaped by ASD and SSD traits in the general population (n = 80).

Results
We found that the position along the ASD–SSD continuum directed the predictive strategies adopted by the individuals in decision-making. While proximity to the positive schizotypy pole was associated with the adoption of the predictive approach associated to the hyper-weighting of prior knowledge, proximity to ASD pole was related to strategies that favored sensory evidence in decision-making.

Conclusions
These findings revealed that the weight assigned to prior knowledge is a marker of the ASD–SSD continuum, potentially useful for identifying individuals at-risk of developing mental disorders and for understanding the mechanisms contributing to the onset of symptoms observed in ASD and SSD clinical forms.
Low androgen levels induce ferroptosis of rat penile cavernous endothelial cells
Authors: Shi Hong-Xing , Zhao Xin , Yang Haifan , Cheng Yong , Jiang Jun , Jiang Rui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Endothelial dysfunction caused by low androgen levels in penile tissue can lead to erectile dysfunction. The exact mechanism of endothelial dysfunction has not been thoroughly studied.

Objective
The study sought to verify whether low androgen levels induce ferroptosis of endothelial cells in rat penile tissue.

Methods
Rat penile cavernous endothelial cells (CP-R133) were divided into a no-androgen group (Dihydrotestosterone (DHT): 0 nmol/L), very low-androgen group (DHT: 0.1 nmol/L), low-androgen group (DHT: 1 nmol/L), DHT = 10 nmol/L group, DHT (0 nmol/L) + ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) group, DHT (0.1 nmol/L) + Fer-1 group, DHT (1 nmol/L) + Fer-1 group, DHT (10 nmol/L) + Fer-1 group. Cell viability, intracellular ferrous ion (Fe2+), malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH into oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), transferrin receptor 1 protein (TfR1), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and phospho-eNOS (p-eNOS) were detected.

Outcomes
Low androgen levels could induce ferroptosis of rat penile cavernous endothelial cells in vivo by upregulating the expressions of TfR1 and ACSL4 and downregulating the expressions of SLC7A11 and GPX4.

Results
Cell viability, the levels of glutathione (GSH), NO, SLC7A11, GPX4, and p-eNOS/eNOS in the DHT = 0 nmol/L group were lower than those in the other groups (P &lt; .05). The levels of Fe2+, ROS, MDA, GSSG, TfR1, and ACSL4 in the DHT = 0 nmol/L group were higher than those in the other groups (P &lt; .05). Cell viability and the levels of GSH, NO, SLC7A11, GPX4, and p-eNOS/eNOS in the DHT = 1 nmol/L group were lower than those in the DHT (1 nmol/L) + Fer-1 group, DHT = 10 nmol/L group, and DHT (10 nmol/L) + Fer-1 group (P &lt; .05). The levels of Fe2+, ROS, MDA, GSSG, TfR1, and ACSL4 in the DHT = 1 nmol/L group were higher than those in the DHT (1 nmol/L) + Fer-1 group, DHT = 10 nmol/L group, and DHT (10 nmol/L) + Fer-1 group (P &lt; .05).

Clinical Implications
A ferroptosis inhibitor might be a novel drug for treating erectile dysfunction caused by low androgen level.

Strengths and Limitations
The results of this study need to be further confirmed in in vitro and in human studies. Meanwhile, further investigation is needed to clarify whether low androgen levels affect ferroptosis of rat penile cavernous smooth muscle and nerve cells.

Conclusion
Low androgen levels can induce ferroptosis of endothelial cells in rat penile tissue. Inhibition of ferroptosis can reverse endothelial dysfunction caused by low androgen levels.
Demonstrating the Value of Routine Anesthesiologist Involvement in Acute Stroke Care: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: McCusker Robert J. , Chinchilli Vernon M. , Fritch Chanju D. , Kochar Puneet S. , Sharma Sonal 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
The value of routine involvement of anesthesiologists during endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke has not been clearly demonstrated. At some institutions, anesthesiologists are involved only as needed, while at other institutions, anesthesiologists are involved from the beginning for every EVT.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed the workflow, intraprocedural variables and complications, and outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing EVT at a comprehensive stroke center after implementation of routine involvement of an anesthesia team and compared this cohort with patients who received care from sedation-trained nurses working under the supervision of neurointerventionalists with the involvement of anesthesiologists on an as-needed basis.

Results:
Routine involvement of anesthesiologists was associated with improved workflow performance measures, including decreased median door-to-arterial puncture time (68 min; interquartile range (IQR), 15.5–94.5 min vs. 81 min; IQR, 53–104 min; P=0.001), in-room to arterial puncture time (11 min; IQR, 8–14 min vs. 15 min; IQR, 9–21 min; P<0.0001), and procedure time (51 min; IQR, 40–64 min vs. 60 min; IQR, 40–88.5 min; P=0.007). It was also associated with a nonsignificant trend towards lower rates of desaturation events (8.2% vs. 3.4%; P=0.082) and lower rates of conversion to general anesthesia (1.7% vs. 0%; P=0.160). Ninety-day modified Rankin scores were similar regardless of provider type.

Conclusion:
Implementation of routine involvement of an anesthesia team during EVT was not associated with improved outcomes but was associated with improved efficiency and greater adherence to guidelines-based physiological parameters, supporting the routine involvement of anesthesiologists during EVT.
Monitored Anesthesia Care and Soft Tissue Infiltration with Local Anesthesia: An Anesthetic Option for High-Risk Patients with Hip Fractures
Authors: Konda Sanjit R. , Solasz Sara , Ganta Abhishek , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: July 2023

Summary:
This review demonstrates the technique for monitored anesthesia care and soft tissue infiltration with local anesthesia as the only form of anesthesia for short cephalomedullary nailing in medically complex patients. Monitored anesthesia care is defined as providing sedation and analgesia that is titrated to a level that preserves spontaneous breathing and airway reflexes. Soft tissue infiltration refers to soft tissue infiltration with local anesthesia directly into the surgical site and is performed by the surgeon before the start of the procedure.
Stress tests for deltoid ligament and syndesmosis injury in patients with ankle fracture: a systemic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Cao Shengxuan , Wang Chen , Chen Yungu , Zhang Chao , Huang Jiazhang , Ma Xin , Wang Xu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of various stress tests for deltoid ligament and syndesmosis injury in patients with ankle fracture.

Data Sources:
A systemic literature search was conducted in the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies published from January 1990 to August 2022.

Study selection:
Studies that evaluated external rotation or gravity stress tests, or hook or tap tests for the diagnosis of deltoid ligament or syndesmosis injury were included.

Data Extraction:
Authors, publication years, study design, index tests, reference standards, demographic features of participants, reliability and the numbers of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative subjects were extracted from 14 included studies. Article quality was assessed through the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool.

Data synthesis:
The pooled sensitivity and specificity of each index test for each structure were calculated with a random-effects model using the extracted data of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative outcomes in all relevant studies. The overall diagnostic performance of the different index tests for different structures was determined with the estimation of the area under the curve using the summary receiver operating characteristics curve.

Conclusions:
The gravity stress test and the tap test exhibited high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing deltoid ligament injury. The hook test has relatively high accuracy in diagnosing syndesmosis injury. Further studies with large sample sizes are warranted to confirm the results of this review.

Levels of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.