bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and numerical evaluation of the surface‐localized heating capacity of the photothermal nanocomposite‐incorporated knit fabrics
Authors: Alsikh Abdulkarim , Valipouri Afsaneh , Nasr Esfahany Mohsen , Hosseini Ravandi Seyed Abdolkarim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPersonal protection and perspiration evaporation are major features of a functional clothing system intended for outdoor environment applications. The aim of this article is to investigate the dynamic performance of an advanced multifunctional textile under solar radiation. The influence of the fabric properties of the double‐layer structure and the optical property of the photothermal nanocomposite based‐porous membrane (polyacrylonitrile PAN/carbon nanotube CNT) on the evaporation performance were experimentally and numerically discussed. Initially, a dedicated experimental study was conducted to measure the actual evaporation performance of the functional fabric. Following this, a two‐dimensional multi‐fluid model, simulated using COMSOL software, is applicable to predict experimental evaporation rates with a reasonable accuracy of 90%. The results showed that the dense structure had a greater wicking‐flow rate of 0.5 cm2 s−1 but lower evaporation performance in contrast to the permeable fabric. The incorporation of the photothermal nanofibers into the double‐layer fabric structure enhanced the surface‐localized heating capacity. Through the evaporation process, compared to conventional fabric, the advanced fabric structure exhibited approximately 3.5–4.4°C higher outer surface temperature. We concluded that the proposed multi‐layer structure has excellent potential to enhance the solar absorption efficiency in the visible range by 50% on average. Besides, the improved evaporation performance of the functional structure was 48% and 55%, respectively, under 0.6 and 1.0 sun illumination. In addition to the clothing field, this study can be extended for wide‐reaching applications based on solar vapor generation systems.
Improved electromechanical properties of polydimethylsiloxane composites with sandwich structured Al(OH)3@GO nanosheets
Authors: Liu Leipeng , Yun Haochen , Zhang Kangning , Ji Zhe , Liu Jinru , Lv Shenghua , Tan Shaobo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDielectric elastomer can undergo reversible deformation under external electric field, which was seen as the next generation drives for its excellent performance. Increasing the actuated strain under low electric field is a crucial strategy to further broaden the utilization range of dielectric elastomers. Herein, a sandwich structured aluminum hydroxide@graphene oxide (Al(OH)3@GO) nanosheets were fabricated by the bottom‐up method, and the hybrid was incorporated into the PDMS matrix to form dielectric elastomer composite. The presence of insulating Al(OH)3 layer can impede the creation of conductive pathways and hinder the occurrence of leakage currents, thus the composite presents a high dielectric constant value under a low loss. As a result, the Al(OH)3@GO/PDMS‐0.7% composite exhibited excellent performance with the best actuated strain value of 23.61% under a field of 44.52 kV/mm, which was 4.8 times that of pure PDMS. Meanwhile, the maximum electromechanical coupling efficiency (k) of Al(OH)3@GO/PDMS‐0.7% composite was 0.645, which was twice larger than VHB 4910. This work provided a reliable avenue for studying dielectric elastomer materials with excellent electromechanical properties.Highlights
A new kind of sandwich‐like structured Al(OH)3@GO hybrids are fabricated.
Effects of Al(OH)3@GO on the dielectric properties of composites are studied.
The insulating Al(OH)3 layer can hinder occurrence of leakage currents.
Al(OH)3@GO/PDMS composites exhibited improved electromechanical properties.
Composites with high actuated strain 23.61% under 44.52 kV/mm are developed.
The influence of the introduction of a national prenatal screening program on late termination of pregnancy, a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Horenblas Judith , de Vries Jana , Jansen Charlotte , Kleinrouweler Emily , Brons Jozien T.J. , Dondorp Wybo , Klumper Frans , Nij Bijvank Bas , van Leeuwen Elisabeth , Pajkrt Eva 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the influence of a national prenatal screening program on category 1 (lethal anomalies) late terminations of pregnancy (LTOP).MethodsIn this population‐based retrospective cohort study, we included all category 1 LTOPs from 2004 to 2015 in the Netherlands. The number of LTOPs before and after the introduction of the program was compared as well as the diagnostic process and factors contributing to LTOP.ResultsIn total, 97 LTOPs were reported. After the introduction of the program, the number of LTOPs decreased from 17 per year to 5 per year on average. The number of cases in which the diagnostic process started with obstetric indications decreased from 55% to 17% (p < 0.01) and the number of cases detected by routine screening increased from 11% to 52% (p < 0.01). Four factors still contributed to LTOP after the introduction of the screening program: diagnostic or parental delay (40%), absence of screening (24%), false negative results of prior screening (14%) and late onset of disease (12%).ConclusionThe number of LTOPs decreased after the introduction of the screening program. At present, the diagnostic process is mostly screening driven. Parental‐ and diagnostic delay is still an important factor that contributes to LTOP.
Performance of an automated deep learning algorithm to identify hepatic steatosis within noncontrast computed tomography scans among people with and without HIV
Authors: Torgersen Jessie , Akers Scott , Huo Yuankai , Terry James G. , Carr J. Jeffrey , Ruutiainen Alexander T. , Skanderson Melissa , Levin Woody , Lim Joseph K. , Taddei Tamar H. , So‐Armah Kaku , Bhattacharya Debika , Rentsch Christopher T. , Shen Li , Carr Rotonya , Shinohara Russell T. , McClain Michele , Freiberg Matthew , Justice Amy C. , Lo Re Vincent 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeHepatic steatosis (fatty liver disease) affects 25% of the world's population, particularly people with HIV (PWH). Pharmacoepidemiologic studies to identify medications associated with steatosis have not been conducted because methods to evaluate liver fat within digitized images have not been developed. We determined the accuracy of a deep learning algorithm (automatic liver attenuation region‐of‐interest‐based measurement [ALARM]) to identify steatosis within clinically obtained noncontrast abdominal CT images compared to manual radiologist review and evaluated its performance by HIV status.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study to evaluate the performance of ALARM within noncontrast abdominal CT images from a sample of patients with and without HIV in the US Veterans Health Administration. We evaluated the ability of ALARM to identify moderate‐to‐severe hepatic steatosis, defined by mean absolute liver attenuation <40 Hounsfield units (HU), compared to manual radiologist assessment.ResultsAmong 120 patients (51 PWH) who underwent noncontrast abdominal CT, moderate‐to‐severe hepatic steatosis was identified in 15 (12.5%) persons via ALARM and 12 (10%) by radiologist assessment. Percent agreement between ALARM and radiologist assessment of absolute liver attenuation <40 HU was 95.8%. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ALARM were 91.7% (95%CI, 51.5%–99.8%), 96.3% (95%CI, 90.8%–99.0%), 73.3% (95%CI, 44.9%–92.2%), and 99.0% (95%CI, 94.8%–100%), respectively. No differences in performance were observed by HIV status.ConclusionsALARM demonstrated excellent accuracy for moderate‐to‐severe hepatic steatosis regardless of HIV status. Application of ALARM to radiographic repositories could facilitate real‐world studies to evaluate medications associated with steatosis and assess differences by HIV status.
Seed priming mitigates high salinity impact on germination of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by improving carbohydrate and protein mobilization
Authors: Sghayar Souhir , Debez Ahmed , Lucchini Giorgio , Abruzzese Alessandro , Zorrig Walid , Negrini Noemi , Morgutti Silvia , Abdelly Chedly , Sacchi Gian Attilio , Pecchioni Nicola , Vaccino Patrizia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSalinity is increasingly considered as a major environmental issue, which threatens agricultural production by decreasing yield traits of crops. Seed priming is a useful and cost‐effective technique to alleviate the negative effects of salinity and to enable a fast and uniform germination. In this context, we quantified the effects of priming with gibberellic acid (GP), calcium chloride (CP), and mannitol (MP) on seed germination of three bread wheat cultivars and investigated their response when grown at high salinity conditions (200 mM NaCl). Salt exposure strongly repressed seed imbibition and germination potential and extended germination time, whereas priming enhanced uniformity and seed vigor. Seed preconditioning alleviated the germination disruption caused by salt stress to varying degrees. Priming mitigating effect was agent‐dependent with regard to water status (CP and MP), ionic imbalance (CP), and seed reserve mobilization (GP). Na+ accumulation in seedling tissues significantly impaired carbohydrate and protein mobilization by inhibiting amylase and proteases activities but had lesser effects on primed seeds. CP attenuated ionic imbalance by limiting sodium accumulation. Gibberellic acid was the most effective priming treatment for promoting the germination of wheat seeds under salt stress. Moreover, genotypic differences in wheat response to salinity stress were observed between varieties used in this study. Ardito, the oldest variety, seems to tolerate better salinity in priming‐free conditions; Aubusson resulted the most salt‐sensitive cultivar but showed a high germination recovery under priming conditions; Bologna showed an intermediate behavior.
RETRACTED:Exploring the intermolecular interactions in carbon disulfide dimer: An ab initio study using an improved Lennard–Jones potential energy surface for physical insights
Authors: Gill Waqas Amber , Khan Muhammad Usman , Shafiq Zunaira , Janjua Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarbon disulfide dimer (CS2)2 is a model system that has been widely studied in the field of computational chemistry because of its relevance to a variety of chemical and biological processes. The (CS2)2 dimer is a relatively simple molecular system composed of two carbon disulfide (CS2) molecules interacting with each other through intermolecular forces. Despite its apparent simplicity, the (CS2)2 dimer exhibits a rich array of structural and dynamical properties that are of great interest to researchers. In this research, we present an ab initio study of the intermolecular interactions in the carbon disulfide dimer (CS2)2 using an improved Lennard–Jones (ILJ) potential with CCSD(T)/QZVPP calculations. The potential energy surface of (CS2)2 is calculated using high‐level quantum mechanical calculations based on the CCSD(T)/def2‐qzvpp method, which accurately accounts for electron correlation effects. The resulting potential energy surface is then fitted to an ILJ potential energy function, which includes both long‐range dipole–dipole interactions and short‐range repulsive interactions. The calculated potential energy surface reveals a rich variety of structural and dynamical properties of (CS2)2, including multiple minima and saddle points, which are sensitive to the relative orientation of the two CS2 molecules. It is essential to use extended basis sets to accurately incorporate the significant quadrupole moment of CS2, which we have calculated to be 2.44 a.u. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of using high‐level ab initio methods for the accurate calculation of potential energy surfaces in complex molecular systems such as (CS2)2. The use of an ILJ potential, which takes into account both dipole–dipole interactions and short‐range repulsive interactions, provides a more accurate and efficient approach for modeling intermolecular interactions in (CS2)2 and other similar systems. The results of this study will be useful for understanding the behavior of carbon disulfide dimers in different environments and for the development of new materials and chemical processes.
Structure–activity relationship of alkanes and alkane derivatives for the abilities of C(sp3)H bonds toward their H‐atom transfer reactions
Authors: Fu Yan‐Hua , Yang Liguo , Zhou Zhongyuan , Wang Fang , Shen Guang‐Bin , Zhu Xiao‐Qing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHydrogen atom‐donating ability of alkane is a research hotspot and has been extensively studied. In this article, the second‐order rate constants of 20 hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions between aliphatic, benzylic, and allylic alkanes and alkane derivatives with CumO• in acetonitrile at 298 K were studied. The thermo‐kinetic parameter ΔG≠o(XH), bond dissociation free energy ΔGo(XH), and kinetic intrinsic resistance energy ΔG≠XH/X were determined and used to evaluate the H‐donating abilities of these substrates in thermodynamics, kinetics, and HAT reactions. Structure–activity relationships including the factors (electronic, stereoelectronic, and steric effects), introduction of CH3, Ph, or Cl in alkanes, and introduction of N atom in cycloalkane were discussed carefully. The results show that the order of H‐donating abilities is allylic alkanes > cycloalkanes > chain alkanes ≈ benzylic alkanes > haloalkanes. The introduction of CH3, Ph, or Cl in alkanes and the introduction of N atom to the carbon ring reduce ΔGo(XH) but increase ΔG≠XH/X, and ΔG≠o(XH) is the synthesis result of these two parameters. The reliability of ΔG≠o(XH) was verified, and the accuracy and reliability of the parameters were proved. Through the study of this paper, not only the ΔGo(XH), ΔG≠XH/X, and ΔG≠o(XH) of these alkanes and derivatives in HAT reaction can be quantitatively evaluated but also the structure–activity relationship of alkane is clearly researched.
Synthesis of sustainable sulfur‐containing polycarbonates from xylose and carbonyl sulfide
Authors: Chen Qiang , Chen Wei , Zhou Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerein, the six‐membered sulfur‐containing cyclic carbonates was successfully synthesized from d‐ and l‐xylose through an environmental friendly process by employing carbonyl sulfide (COS) as a sustainable C1‐carbonation agent. The ring‐opening polymerization of the monomers were rapidly initiated by bifunctional organocatalysts and alkali metal alkoxides, respectively, under ambient reaction conditions. The resultant sulfur‐containing polycarbonates exhibit high‐temperature resistance and good optical properties. This work furnishes an original and practical strategy for utilizing COS as a sulfur feedstock in biopolymer synthesis.
Adolescents' needs for information and psychosocial support during their mother's breast cancer trajectory: A systematic review
Authors: Søby Anne Katrine Hartmann , Moos Caroline M. , Andersen Aida Hougaard , Ravn Sophie Lykkegaard , Andersen Christina Maar , Roessler Kirsten Kaya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveBreast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis among women. The acute crisis and uncertainty that often follow diagnosis put the family at risk of exhaustion and dysfunction. Adolescents have been identified as a particularly vulnerable group of relatives. To investigate how to prevent distress in this group, we systematically reviewed research on adolescents' (11–21 years) needs for information and psycho‐social support during their mothers' breast cancer trajectory.MethodSystematic searches were conducted in five bibliometric databases. Peer‐reviewed, original research of adolescents aged 11–21 with a mother diagnosed with breast cancer was included. Two researchers conducted screening, quality assessment, and data extraction independently. Thematic synthesis was applied to the included studies.ResultsA total of 8066 studies were screened, and five quantitative and six qualitative studies were included. The results indicated that adolescents' information and psycho‐social support needs were poorly met. Many were reluctant to share feelings with family and peers and experienced abandonment during the crisis. Adolescents who were not well informed experienced distress. Poor family functioning increased the level of adolescents' distress.ConclusionsDespite limitations regarding heterogeneity among the studies, eligibility criteria, and quality assessment, this review provides clear clinical implications. Encounter groups may support adolescents during their mother's breast cancer trajectory. Furthermore, healthcare professionals could provide more indirect support to adolescents by providing support and clearer guidelines to parents. Finally, adolescents from poor‐functioning families need extra attention.
Parental socioeconomic status and age at leaving home in Europe: Exploring regional differences
Authors: Ferraretto Valeria , Vitali Agnese 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLeaving the parental home is a milestone in young people's transition to adulthood. The timing of leaving home varies greatly across European countries; however, evidence on the association between parental socioeconomic status (SES) and the age at leaving home in a comparative perspective is mixed, and subnational variation has received little attention. The module on the timing of life events included in Round 3 (2006) and 9 (2018) of the European Social Survey offers the opportunity to study how parental SES is associated with the age at leaving home, and how this association varies at the national and regional level for a sample of respondents born between the 1950s and the 1980s in 175 regions across 29 European countries. Results from three‐level linear regression models indicate that a high parental SES postpones women's age at leaving home in most Southern and Eastern European countries, where state support to young people is low and family ties are strong, whereas the association between parental SES and the age at leaving home is less clear‐cut in Western and Nordic countries. Between‐country variation in the association between parental SES and the age at home‐leaving prevails over within‐country variation, suggesting that the role of the parental background is country‐specific and that other unobserved factors may explain within‐country heterogeneity.
Beyond destinations: Environmental perception and village attachment among stayers, outmigrants and returnees in rural China
Authors: Guo Yan , Ye Rui , Lin Sainan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMoving beyond the prior studies on destinations, this study identifies people's perceptions of and attachments to their places of origin to theoretically address how social groups defined by environmental experiences perceive the environment and how these perceptions affect their attachment. Villages in inland China are empirically examined as shared places of origin for stayers, outmigrants and returnees. This study confirms a positive relationship between the frequency and intensity of people‐environment interactions and the levels of environmental perception, as shown by the decreasing perception levels among stayers, returnees and outmigrants. Environmental perception occurs when individuals selectively perceive environmental features that have special meaning to them in meeting their functional needs. Such selectivity leads to differences in the environmental perception variables that significantly affect group attachment. The village attachment of both outmigrants and stayers is significantly affected by their perception of socioeconomic environmental features, while the perception of physical environmental features is only significant for returnees. The strong impact of social environmental features on outmigrants’ level of attachment confirms the rootedness of such attachment to one's place of origin and challenges the belief that mobility and attachment to place are negatively related.
A claims‐based, machine‐learning algorithm to identify patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Hyde Bethany , Paoli Carly J. , Panjabi Sumeet , Bettencourt Katherine C. , Bell Lynum Karimah S. , Selej Mona 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) experience substantial delays in diagnosis, which is associated with worse outcomes and higher costs. Tools for diagnosing PAH sooner may lead to earlier treatment, which may delay disease progression and adverse outcomes including hospitalization and death. We developed a machine‐learning (ML) algorithm to identify patients at risk for PAH earlier in their symptom journey and distinguish them from patients with similar early symptoms not at risk for developing PAH. Our supervised ML model analyzed retrospective, de‐identified data from the US‐based Optum® Clinformatics® Data Mart claims database (January 2015 to December 2019). Propensity score matched PAH and non‐PAH (control) cohorts were established based on observed differences. Random forest models were used to classify patients as PAH or non‐PAH at diagnosis and at 6 months prediagnosis. The PAH and non‐PAH cohorts included 1339 and 4222 patients, respectively. At 6 months prediagnosis, the model performed well in distinguishing PAH and non‐PAH patients, with area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic of 0.84, recall (sensitivity) of 0.73, and precision of 0.50. Key features distinguishing PAH from non‐PAH cohorts were a longer time between first symptom and the prediagnosis model date (i.e., 6 months before diagnosis); more diagnostic and prescription claims, circulatory claims, and imaging procedures, leading to higher overall healthcare resource utilization; and more hospitalizations. Our model distinguishes between patients with and without PAH at 6 months before diagnosis and illustrates the feasibility of using routine claims data to identify patients at a population level who might benefit from PAH‐specific screening and/or earlier specialist referral.
Pulmonary vasodilator therapy in sarcoidosis‐associated pulmonary hypertension may decrease lung function decline and mortality
Authors: Gayen Shameek , Ansari Sohaib , Lashari Bilal H. , Zhao Huaqing , Criner Gerard J. , Gupta Rohit , James Mamary Albert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe efficacy of treating sarcoidosis‐associated pulmonary hypertension (SAPH) with pulmonary vasodilator therapy is unclear. The INCREASE trial showed improvement in 6‐minute walk distance (6MWD) and in decline in functional vital capacity (FVC) in patients with interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension. We hypothesize that patients with SAPH treated with pulmonary vasodilators have reduced decline in FVC. We retrospectively analyzed patients with SAPH who underwent lung transplantation evaluation. The primary objective was to compare change in FVC between patients with SAPH who received pulmonary vasodilators (treated) and those who did not (untreated). Secondary objectives were to compare the change in 6MWD, change in oxygen requirement, transplant rates, and mortality between treated and untreated SAPH patients. We identified 58 patients with SAPH; 38 patients received pulmonary vasodilator therapy, and 20 patients did not. Treated SAPH patients had significantly less decline in FVC than untreated SAPH patients (+54 mL vs. −357 mL, p < 0.01). Treated SAPH patients had significantly higher survival than untreated SAPH patients. Receiving PH therapy was significantly associated with a change in FVC (estimate 0.36 ± 0.07, p < 0.01) and decreased mortality (hazard ratio 0.29, confidence interval 0.12–0.67, p < 0.01). Among patients with SAPH, those who received pulmonary vasodilator therapy had significantly less decline in FVC and increased survival. Receiving pulmonary vasodilator therapy was significantly associated with FVC change and decreased mortality. These study findings point towards potential benefit of pulmonary vasodilator therapy in SAPH patients. Further prospective studies are required to fully elucidate the benefits of pulmonary vasodilator therapy in SAPH.