bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public involvement and engagement in big data research: A scoping review
Authors: Teodorowski Piotr , Jones Elisa , Ahmed Saiqa , Tahir Naheed , Frith Lucy 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesPublic involvement and engagement have been suggested as a way to establish public support for big data research, yet there has been no review exploring how these activities could facilitate this. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to explore public involvement and engagement in big data research.
MethodsFollowing Arksey and O’Malley’s methodology, we systematically searched the following databases: CINAHL, Health Research Premium Collection, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for papers published between 2010-2021. Additional manual searches took place. These included the first 100 hits in Google search, journals (BMC Research Involvement and Engagement, International Journal of Population Data Science and Health Expectations) and grey literature (Patient Outcome Research Institute database, first 100 hits were screened). We extracted data using a standardised form. We then organised it in a descriptive and narrative way. A system logic model was developed to understand the complexity of this topic.
ResultsFifty-three papers were identified as eligible for inclusion in our review. The findings indicate that public involvement and engagement have the potential to improve public trust and accountability for data resharing for research. However, there is limited literature actually evaluating these activities. The findings suggest that the public can be meaningfully involved and engaged in big data research, both in terms of individual research projects and data governance, but there is no one standardised approach to do it. Therefore, we developed an initial system logic model to map relevant aspects of the involvement and engagement activities. These include which communities to reach, the context (e.g. ethical, legal aspects or public views), the design and delivery of activities, and outcomes.
ConclusionDespite the growing literature on public involvement and engagement in big data research, more research is needed as there are few primary empirical studies exploring involvement and engagement. We suggest using the system logic model we developed when reflecting on issues that might be relevant in organising these activities.
Medication use in Northern Ireland in early pregnancy: Agreement between maternal self-report and prescribing records
Authors: Given Joanne , Dolk Helen , Loane Maria 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the agreement between medication data reported by the mother at the pregnancy booking interview and recorded by midwives in the Northern Ireland Maternity System (NIMATS) compared to dispensed prescription data recorded in the Enhanced Prescribing Database (EPD).
MethodAs part of a larger cross-sectional study investigating the prevalence of prescriptions dispensed between the last menstrual period (LMP) and the first antenatal visit 2011-2016, this sub-study assessed the agreement between self-reported medication use recorded in NIMATS and EPD compared to NIMATS, 2015-2016. Sensitivity and specificity compared to EPD were also calculated. This shorter time period was used due to underreporting of non-supplement medications before 2015 in NIMATS.
ResultsBetween 2015-2016, there were 34,432 pregnancies to 34,096 women. In NIMATS 96.8% of women reported taking medications during early pregnancy compared to 64.3% of women having prescriptions dispensed in EPD. Folic acid (low and high-dose) was the most common medication recorded in both NIMATS (57.2%) and EPD (26.2%). Antibiotics, analgesics, antacids and anticoagulants were more commonly recorded in NIMATS but all other non-supplement medications were more common in EPD. Agreement between NIMATS and EPD ranged from 2.6% for vitamins to 87.8% for insulin. Sensitivity ranged from 2.5% for cardiac medications to 84.3% for anticoagulants. Specificity ranged from 47.6% for antibiotics to 100% for cardiac and antiviral medications. Folic acid (low and high-dose), vitamins, antibiotics and analgesics were the only medications with specificity less than 90%.
ConclusionOver-the-counter medications such as low-dose folic acid, antacids and analgesics were recorded more at the maternity booking interview (NIMATS), while medications requiring prescriptions were recorded more in EPD. This is important information for determining which data source to use in future studies assessing medication use.
Addressing the fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) ‘data gap’: Multi-method and multi-disciplinary public engagement to ascertain the acceptability and feasibility of establishing the first UK National linked database for FASD
Authors: Harding Sarah , Samways Beverley , Dillon Amy , Butcher Sandra , Boyd Andy , Mukherjee Raja , Cook Penny , McQuire Cheryl 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesTo conduct public engagement work to establish the views of key stakeholders on the feasibility, acceptability, key purposes, and data structure of the first national linked longitudinal research database for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in the UK.
MethodsWe conducted stakeholder mapping and identified contacts through collaborator networks and online searches. We consulted with stakeholders using a range of formats, including: online focus groups (one for adults with FASD [and their supporters] N=5; one for guardians of people with FASD N=7), 1:1/small-team video calls and email communication with clinicians, data providers, policy-makers, data-governance experts, third-sector representatives and researchers [N=~85]), and one hybrid workshop (N=16 [N=10 in-person, 6 online attendees; 15 clinical and one third-sector]). Consultations included discussions on data sharing, harmonisation, perceived benefits, and challenges of a national linked database for FASD. We analysed consultation transcripts and notes using thematic analysis.
ResultsOur tailored, multi-method approach resulted in high levels of engagement with diverse stakeholders. Overall, stakeholders expressed strong support for a national linked database for FASD. For people living with FASD and third-sector representatives, the main perceived benefit was the potential for increased understanding, awareness, and support for FASD. Clinicians reported that a national database could provide new insights into FASD profiles, supporting more efficient diagnosis. Researchers highlighted potential for increased knowledge of FASD epidemiology and impacts. Policy-makers noted its clear alignment with contemporary FASD and data transformation policies. Common concerns were around privacy and data-sharing, particularly the tension between public good and disclosure risks if sample numbers were low. Clinicians expressed the importance of retaining space for clinical judgement and flexibility alongside the potential insights gained from quantitative analysis of data.
ConclusionMulti-method and multidisciplinary stakeholder engagement demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of establishing the first UK national linked database for FASD. Perceived benefits and concerns varied by stakeholder group, demonstrating that flexible, diverse, embedded stakeholder collaboration will be essential as we seek to establish this database.
An exploration of the factors affecting the likelihood of young people in England progressing into higher education
Authors: Martin Paul 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThis research sought to identify the extent to which the likelihood of young people in England progressing into Higher Education (HE) is affected by their gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic background, area of residence, school attainment and the intersection of these characteristics.
MethodsData from the Department for Education’s National Pupil Database concerning the entire cohort of young people in English state schools who turned 16 between September 2014 and August 2015 was accessed. Data concerned pupils’ attainment, personal characteristics and postcode of residence. This data was matched with records from the Higher Education Statistics Agency to identify whether pupils had progressed to HE by the age of 19. Raw differences in progression rates by pupil characteristic were established and binary logistic regression was used to explore how individual factors influenced the likelihood of progression once attainment and other characteristics were controlled for.
ResultsFemales were more likely than males to progress to HE, however this could be explained predominantly by their higher average attainment in school examinations. Pupils in receipt of free school meals were substantially less likely to progress to HE, though this trend reversed once attainment was controlled for.
Pupils residing in London were considerably more likely to progress to HE than pupils in all other regions of England, though this can be explained almost entirely by the higher average attainment of pupils in London as well as average demographic differences between London and other English regions.
There are large disparities in progression to HE by pupil ethnicity and these disparities persist even once prior attainment and other characteristics are controlled for.
ConclusionThe results overall suggest that some disparities in access to HE (such as by gender and FSM status) might be eliminated if corresponding disparities in school attainment were eliminated. The relationship between attainment disparities and HE progression disparities is less straightforward with respect to other characteristics such as pupil ethnicity.
Improving lives by linking data: Views from groups with complex needs. Commissioned by the cross-government Better Outcomes through Linked Data programme and the Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation, and delivered by the research agency Britain Thinks
Authors: Fell Dean , Al Rasheed-Wright Loulwa 
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Improve and refine BOLD's delivery of its four pilot projects via feedback on acceptable uses and forms of analysis of shared data.
Inform how BOLD communicates its aims and progress for maximum clarity and transparency.
Understand the impact of BOLD's data management on the level of trust in the program.

MethodsInitial workshops were conducted with expert intermediary organisations, such as charities, who have a deep understanding of each of the audiences’ attitudes and needs. This was to explain the purpose of the project to the intermediary organisations and to gain their feedback on the approach and materials.
Fieldwork was undertaken with 82 participants from across the four vulnerability audiences, using a combination of methods to ensure full participation from a range of individuals with differing levels of need.
Participants were presented with information about BOLD's purpose, objectives, and three example scenarios related to their respective pilot to prompt useful discussions.
Results

Participants in the BOLD program pilots generally support data sharing to improve public services.
They view the program positively, have similar experiences across pilot areas, and reflect on its relevance to a range of audiences.
However, some lack experience with issues addressed by BOLD. Concerns exist regarding negative impacts and scepticism towards government.
BOLD use cases should prioritise four principles: relevance, impact, clarity, and non-stigmatisation.
Intermediary organisations are crucial for engaging with pilot audiences.

ConclusionBOLD is a three-year cross government pilot project that links social policy datasets to better support individuals with complex needs. It aims to improve outcomes by providing new evidence and insight into how services delivered in one part of government affect outcomes in another. This research was commissioned to inform how to take the BOLD programme forward, by engaging and consulting with relevant audiences in an ethical and transparent way.
The published findings are informing the delivery of BOLD and improving and enhancing our understanding of the impact of BOLD's data management on trust.
Double system contact: The experiences of children-looked-after in the youth justice system
Authors: Hodges Helen 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesTo understand the needs and vulnerabilities of this cohort, and identify where there are opportunities for timely and appropriate support from a range of statutory and non-statutory organisations as they navigate the youth justice system.
MethodsThis feasibility study linked external youth justice data from two Welsh local authorities with education, health, social services and family court data held in SAIL Databank. Once combined, it was possible to gain further insights into the nature and extent of contact with other state agencies, and to test for statistically significant differences in the profile of this cohort relative to their peers; in index risk scores across 12 domains and in the trajectory of the probability of further offending behaviour. The latter was considered via a series of hierarchical binary logistical regression models conducted under a Bayesian framework.
ResultsThose with double system contact typically had higher index risk scores than their peers, with the greatest differences being in relation to the Family and Personal Relationships, Living Arrangements, and Emotional and Mental Health domains. In terms of vulnerabilities, the higher rates of additional learning needs were striking, with this potentially contributing to higher levels of non-compliance and more serious consequences. Notably rates of further offending are found to be higher amongst those who are care experienced and/or have additional learning needs, with care experienced children being twice as likely to commit further offences than their peers; more than 2.5 times more likely to breach; twice as likely to return to court and were more than 5 times more likely to spend time in custody.
ConclusionFindings, reinforce the need for a more tailored, child first approach in youth justice with other agencies also needing to recognise the impact of prior trauma and adapt their practice in order to appropriately respond to the additional vulnerabilities amongst this cohort.
How does the environment in and around the home impact social care and health outcomes for older people?
Authors: Midgley William , Mizen Amy , Hollinghurst Joe , Hollinghurst Robyn , Lyons Ronan , Fry Richard 
Published: September 2023

Reducing the burden of falls and fall-related admissions to hospital and care homes is an important policy area. Falls cause significant injury leading to a reduced quality of life. We wanted to know if the environment around people’s homes changes the risk of falls for older people in Wales.
We linked routinely collected, anonymised health data on frailty, dementia, hospital admissions, care home admission, and A&E attendance in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank. We also linked individual level demographic data and household level neighbourhood walkability and accessibility metrics detailing the built environment (e.g. access to services, greenspace). We capture change in the built environment and house moves between January 2010 and December 2017. Using unadjusted and adjusted cox regression models we will assess how the risk and severity of a fall changes in relation to the built environment.
We have created a dynamic national e-cohort linking data on frailty, dementia, hospital admissions, care home admission, A&E attendance and built environment measures for people living in Wales aged 60 and above between January 2010 and December 2017. At the conference we will report summary statistics for each quarter as well as the overall population. We will also report unadjusted cox model odds ratios, as well as fully adjusted models. We will adjust for age, sex, urbanicity (urban/rural), deprivation (WIMD), dementia diagnosis, and seasonal weather trends. We will also report odds ratios for our stratification analysis where we will investigate whether associations vary by urbanicity and deprivation.
With an aging population, it is becoming more important to help the current and future older population age healthily, preventing adverse health outcomes before they happen. This research will help guide policy and resource allocation to support people staying at home and have a more fulfilling life for longer.
Causality between the built environment and subjective wellbeing: Applying difference-in-differences and synthetic control methods to longitudinal data from England
Authors: Chen Jerry , Wan Li 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivePotential causal relationship between the built environment and subjective wellbeing has been segmentally explored and partially quantified. We leverage household relocation as a natural experiment to investigate the causality between built environment change and subjective wellbeing.
MethodTwo causal inference methods (difference-in-differences and synthetic control) are applied and compared. The use of the ‘Understanding Society’ dataset (The UK Household Longitudinal Study, 2009-2019), combined with holistic locational attributes (Area Classification at the Lower Super Output Area level as per the UK Census) for exploring such causality is novel in literature. Specifically, to estimate the effects of relocation, we compare movers (treatment n=773) to non-movers (control n=4,619). To estimate the effects of built environment change, we compare movers with a change in built environment (n=506) with those moving to the same built environment type (n=267).
ResultsOur results show immediate and enduring positive causal effects of relocation, equivalent to an average improvement of 8% in subjective wellbeing level compared to non-movers. Among moves, moving to a different built environment improves subjective wellbeing by an equivalent of 13% compared with moving to the same built environment type. Without a change in built environment type, the positive causal effects become negligible. We further find the distress of relocation is transitory, and preliminary evidence that relocation decisions are formed over years and influenced by acute stressors. We hypothesise that relocation and change in built environment alleviate existing distresses but play limited roles in delivering multi-dimensional subjective wellbeing benefits.
ConclusionThis paper is one of the first studies that apply and compare two causal models (DiD and SCM) for identifying potential causal effects of built environment on subject wellbeing. It is demonstrated that recent developments in causal inference methods have untapped potential to be applied in urban planning research. The ability to robustly identify complex causal/associative effects are particularly pertinent for policymaking purposes.
Soybean (Glycine max L.) Yield and Yield Component Under Different Planting Time and Foliar Application of Humic Acid
Authors: Ali Shara Salih , Mirza Chnar Hama Noori 
Published: September 2023

A triplicate field experiment laid out in randomized complete block design was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar application of humic acid rates (HAR) at Bakrajo, Sulaimani which is (located at 35°32'52.8"N and 45°21'16.6"E) belongs to Kurdistan region of Iraq with the silty clay soil type. Five different Humic Acid rates (HAR) which were (0 (control), 2,4,6,8 g/L) and two cultivation period (CP) which were cultivation Period 1 (CP1) on 15 May 2022 and cultivation Period 2 (CP2) on 1st of June 2022. The effect of foliar Humic acid rates application methods was highly significant on the Pod No./ Plant, Empty Pod/Plant, Seed Weight / Plant (g) and yield (kg/ha) and significant on the 1000 Seed Weight (g). While, the effect of cultivation period (CP) was highly significant only for the Pod No./ Plant and the insignificantly affected the other parameters including Empty Pod/Plant, Seed No./ Pod, 1000 Seed Weight (g), Weight / Plant (g) and yield (kg/ha). The maximum Pod No./ Plant, Empty Pod/Plant, Seed Weight / Plant (g) and yield (kg/ha) and significant on the 1000 Seed Weight (g) were observed under foliar application of HAR of 6 g/L and the best cultivation period for sowing humic acid was (CP1) which was on 15 May.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI MATERI SISTEM PERNAPASAN DI MADRASAH ALIYAH
Authors: Parapat Ernita Jahara , Ulfa Syarifah Widya , Dwi JayantI Ummi Nur Afinni 
Published: September 2023

The aim of developing student worksheets based on Problem-Based Learning are appropriate, effective, and practical respiratory system material to help participants learn in the learning process. This research is a research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research instrument uses interview sheets, questionnaires, validation sheets, and tests. Data analysis techniques are carried out quantitatively and qualitativelyThe purpose of quantitative data analysis is to determine the degree of feasibility, practicality and effectiveness. Meanwhile, quantitative analysis consists of finding comments, criticisms, suggestions and observations. The result of the study shows that the worksheets of the students based on the problem-based study developed by 82% (media expert) are correct and feasible. 100% (Subject Matter Expert) and 100% (Language Expert), Student Worksheets are also graded on Teacher Answer Sheet achievement with 90.91% and Student Answer with 93%. Student worksheets are also considered effective if a total N-Gain of 0.76 is achieved in the high category. Based on the result above, it can be concluded that the student worksheet is Problem-Based Learning that has been developed is declared feasible, practical, and effectively used in the learning process. The developed student worksheets can improve the learning activities of students and teachers can use student worksheets as teaching materials in the learning process. Kata kunci: Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik, Problem Based Learning, Sistem Pernapasan
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN KONTEN BUKU TEKS BIOLOGI KELAS XI SMA TERHADAP KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Nurjannah Suci Nurjannah , Febriani Husnarika , Rohani Rohani 
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the suitability of the content of biology textbooks for class XI SMA to the curriculum 2013. The type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach and uses content/document analysis methods. The subject of this research is a biology textbook for class XI high school with cell material consisting of 3 books to be analyzed by researchers, namely the book publisher Bumi Aksara, the book publisher Erlangga, and the book publisher Grafindo Media Pratama. The research instrument used was an analysis sheet of student books based on the Curriculum 2013 Implementation Assistance Activity Guidelines. The results showed that the level of conformity of the content of biology textbooks based on: (1) SKL aspects in books A and B was 93% (very appropriate), and book C was 87% (very suitable). (2) Aspects of Core Competence for book A are 92% (very suitable), and books B and C are 83% (appropriate). (3) Aspects of Basic Competence for Book A 96% (very suitable), book B 85% (very suitable), book C 89% (very suitable). (4) Aspects of Sufficiency of Material for book A 67% (appropriate), books B and C for 50% (not appropriate). (5) Aspect of Material Depth of Book A 75% (appropriate), book B 68% (appropriate), and Book C 71% (appropriate). (6) Aspects of the Scientific Approach of books A, B, and C by 100% (very appropriate). (7) The authentic assessment aspect of Book A is 57% (quite appropriate), book B is 54% (not suitable) and C is 59% (quite appropriate). The average agreement coefficient of the three books is 0.94% (very good). The data illustrates that the three books can be recommended by the 2013 curriculum formulation. Kata kunci: Analisis Kesesuaian Konten, Buku Teks Biologi, Kurikulum 2013