bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering Multiple Microstructural Defects for Record‐Breaking Thermoelectric Properties of Chalcopyrite Cu1‐xAgxGaTe2
Authors: Huang Lulu , Li Yuanyue , Sha Shengmao , Ge Bangzhi , Wu Yucheng , Yan Jian , Kong Yuan , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDefect engineering for vacancies, holes, nano precipitates, dislocations, and strain are efficient means of suppressing lattice thermal conductivity. Multiple microstructural defects are successfully designed in Cu1‐xAgxGaTe2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) solid solutions through high‐ratio alloying and vibratory ball milling, to achieve ultra‐low thermal conductivity and record‐breaking thermoelectric performance. Extremely low total thermal conductivities of 1.28 W m−1 K−1 at 300 K and 0.40 W m−1 K−1 at 873 K for the Cu0.5Ag0.5GaTe2 are observed, which are ≈79% and ≈58% lower than that of the CuGaTe2 matrix. Multiple phonon scattering mechanisms are collectively responsible for the reduction of thermal conductivity in this work. On one hand, large amounts of nano precipitates and dislocations are formed via vibrating ball milling followed by the low‐temperature hot press, which can enhance phonon scattering. On the other hand, the difference in atomic sizes, distorted chemical bonds, elements fluctuation, and strained domains are caused by the high substitution ratio of Ag and also function as a center for the strong phonon scattering. As a result, the Cu0.7Ag0.3GaTe2 exhibits a record high ZTmax of ≈1.73 at 873 K and ZTave of ≈0.69 between 300–873 K, which are the highest values of CuGaTe2‐based thermoelectric materials.
Loganin attenuates neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke and fracture by regulating α7nAChR‐mediated microglial polarization
Authors: Huo Kang , Xu Jing , Ma Kaige , Wang Jianyi , Wei Meng , Zhang Meng , Guo Qinyue , Qu Qiumin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFracture in acute stage of ischemic stroke can increase inflammatory response and enhance stroke injury. Loganin alleviates the symptoms of many inflammatory diseases through its anti‐inflammatory effect, but its role in ischemic stroke and fracture remains to be explored. Here, mice were handled with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) followed by tibial fracture 1 day later to establish a pMCAO+fracture model. Loganin or Methyllycaconitine (MLA, a specific a7nAchR inhibitor) were intragastrically administered 2 or 0.5 h before pMCAO, respectively. And mouse motor function and infarct volume were evaluated 3 days after pMCAO. We found that loganin alleviated the neurological deficit, cerebral infarction volume, and neuronal apoptosis (NeuN+TUNEL+) in mice with pMCAO+fracture. And loganin suppressed pMCAO+fracture‐induced neuroinflammation by promoting M2 microglia polarization (Iba1+CD206+) and inhibiting M1 microglia polarization (Iba1+CD11b+). While administration with MLA reversed the protective effect of loganin on pMCAO+fracture‐induced neurological deficit and neuroinflammation. Next, LPS was used to stimulate BV2 microglia to simulate pMCAO+fracture‐induced inflammatory microenvironment in vitro. Loganin facilitated the transformation of LPS‐stimulated BV2 cells from M1 pro‐inflammatory state (CD11b+) to M2 anti‐inflammatory state (CD206+), which was antagonized by treatment with MLA. And loganin induced autophagy activation in LPS‐stimulated BV2 cells by activating a7nAchR. Moreover, treatment with rapamycin (an autophagy activator) neutralized the inhibitory effect of MLA on loganin induced transformation of BV2 cells to M2 phenotype. Furthermore, BV2 cells were treated with LPS, LPS + loganin, LPS + loganin+MLA, or LPS + loganin+MLA+ rapamycin to obtain conditioned medium (CM) for stimulating primary neurons. Loganin reduced the damage of primary neurons caused by LPS‐stimulated BV2 microglia through activating a7nAchR and inducing autophagy activation. In conclusion, loganin played anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective roles in pMCAO + fracture mice by activating a7nAchR, enhancing autophagy and promoting M2 polarization of microglia.
X‐ray absorption fine structure characterization of a multicomponent spinel catalyst
Authors: Jahrman Evan P. , Masias Kimber L. Stamm , Peck Torin C. , Roberts Charles A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDemand for high‐performing, inexpensive catalysts has motivated the development of mixed 3d transition metal architectures. Here, x‐ray spectroscopies are uniquely positioned to inform intensive searches of compositional spaces by elucidating structure–function relationships. However, thorough analyses of complex systems are often non‐trivial. In this work, one such example was pursued, a chemical series of spinel‐based emissions catalysts of the general formula Mn0.1CuxCo2.9−xO4 for 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.8. The local electronic and atomic structures of these materials were characterized by x‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended x‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses, respectively. EXAFS analyses required models to be constructed that captured the relevant structural changes across the chemical series. Building these models required insights from XANES, x‐ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy analyses. XANES measurements at the Co K‐edge, when complemented with ab initio multiple scattering calculations, suggested that the fraction of Co atoms in the octahedral sites of the spinel increased as the concentration of substituted Cu increased. Similarly, XANES measurements at the Mn K‐edge suggested that the occupancy of the first coordination shell varied throughout the series. Finally, the XRD results revealed an impurity, a CuO phase, formed at higher copper concentrations. This is consistent with the results of the principal component analysis performed on the Cu K‐edge XANES spectra. These hypotheses were incorporated into the EXAFS fitting models and are consistent with the subsequent quantitative analyses.
Reactivity of Alkynyl Phosphines with Lewis Acids for the Synthesis of Allenic Phosphonium Borate Zwitterions
Authors: Torres Lucas C. , Brar Amandeep , LeBlanc Jesse , Boateng Ameyaw Clive , Caputo Christopher B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe reactivity of alkynylphosphines with Lewis acidic boranes has been well established in recent years thanks to the advent of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs), often leading to a 1,1‐carboboration reaction and the formation of an intramolecular phosphinoborane FLP. Our group recently discovered that introduction of an ionizable group in the γ‐position of an alkynylphosphine result in an unexpected rearrangement reaction to yield zwitterionic allenic‐phosphonium borate products which are produced via a transient 3‐coordinate phosphonium allenylidene. Herein, we describe how substituent effects on the γ‐carbon impact this reactivity and explore how bis(alkynyl)phosphines behave under similar reaction conditions.
The mitochondrial genome of Binodoxys acalephae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with unique gene rearrangement and phylogenetic implications
Authors: Xu Shiwen , Li Weiwei , Liu Qiannan , Wang Yunming , Li Xiaoling , Duan Xiaoqian , He Jia , Song Fan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Species in the subfamily Aphidiinae from the Braconidae of Hymenoptera are endoparasitic wasps that exclusively utilize aphids as hosts. Some Aphidiinae species are widely used as biological agents. However, there were only one species with determined complete mitochondrial genome from this subfamily.

Methods and results
In this study, we sequenced and annotated the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Binodoxys acalephae, which was 15,116 bp in size and contained 37 genes. The start codon of 13 protein-coding genes was ATN, and the complete stop codon TAA and TAG was widely assigned to 11 protein-coding genes. The lrRNA contains 43 stem-loop structures, and srRNA contains 25 stem-loop structures. Translocation and inversion of tRNA genes was found to be dominant in B. acalephae. In contrast to Aphidius gifuensis from the same subfamily Aphidiinae, inverted tRNALeu1 was translocated to the gene cluster between tRNALeu2 and COX2, and the control region between tRNAIle and tRNAMet was deleted in the mitogenome of B. acalephae. Within Braconidae, gene clusters tRNATrp-tRNACys-tRNATyr and CR-tRNAIle-tRNAGln-tRNAMet were hotspots for gene rearrangement. Phylogenetic analysis showed that both Bayesian and maximum-likelihood methods recovered the monophyly of Aphidiinae and suggested that Aphidiinae formed sister clades with the remaining subfamilies. The phylogenetic analyses of nine subfamilies supported the monophyly of Cyclostomes and Noncyclostomes in Braconidae.

Conclusion
The arrangement of mitochondrial genes and the phylogenetic relationships among nine Braconidae subfamilies were constructed better to understand the diversity and evolution of Aphidiinae mitogenomes.
Responses to heat waves: what can Twitter data tell us?
Authors: Zander Kerstin K. , Rieskamp Jonas , Mirbabaie Milad , Alazab Mamoun , Nguyen Duy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncreasing average temperatures and heat waves are having devasting impacts on human health and well-being but studies of heat impacts and how people adapt are rare and often confined to specific locations. In this study, we explore how analysis of conversations on social media can be used to understand how people feel about heat waves and how they respond. We collected global Twitter data over four months (from January to April 2022) using predefined hashtags about heat waves. Topic modelling identified five topics. The largest (one-third of all tweets) was related to sports events. The remaining two-thirds could be allocated to four topics connected to communication about climate-related heat or heat waves. Two of these were on the impacts of heat and heat waves (health impacts 20%; social impacts 16%), one was on extreme weather and climate change attribution (17%) and the last one was on perceptions and warning (13%). The number of tweets in each week corresponded well with major heat wave occurrences in Argentina, Australia, the USA and South Asia (India and Pakistan), indicating that people posting tweets were aware of the threat from heat and its impacts on the society. Among the words frequently used within the topic ‘Social impacts’ were ‘air-conditioning’ and ‘electricity’, suggesting links between coping strategies and financial pressure. Apart from analysing the content of tweets, new insights were also obtained from analysing how people engaged with Twitter tweets about heat or heat waves. We found that tweets posted early, and which were then shared by other influential Twitter users, were among the most popular. Finally, we found that the most popular tweets belonged to individual scientists or respected news outlets, with no evidence that misinformation about climate change-related heat is widespread.
Just a ‘romantic idea’? A theory-based interview study on medication review implementation with pharmacy owners
Authors: Michel Dorothee E. , Tonna Antonella P. , Dartsch Dorothee C. , Weidmann Anita E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent legal changes in Germany entitle patients on multiple medications to receive a medication review (MR). However, the provision of MRs is not mandatory and pharmacy owners decide whether to implement this service in their pharmacies.

Aim
To determine pharmacy owners’ attitudes towards MRs, explore their experiences with MR implementation and examine their perceptions of barriers and facilitators towards implementation of MRs in community pharmacies.

Method
Pharmacy owners were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used with selection criteria being MR-implementation stage, and geographical location of the pharmacy. The topic guide was based on a systematic review and the Framework for Implementation of Services in Pharmacy (FISpH). Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded directly against the FISpH.

Results
Twenty-one pharmacy owners were interviewed. Despite participants’ consistent positive attitude towards MRs, most believed that providing MRs on an economically viable basis would be challenging. Several practical suggestions emerged which would enable community pharmacies a smoother implementation of MRs. Suggestions included employing ‘change facilitators’, who visit and support implementing pharmacies; national awareness campaigns targeting patients and health professionals; reducing bureaucracy; continuing professional development; involving technicians in some MR-tasks; and offering an additional incentive to lower the initial implementation threshold.

Conclusion
This research identified numerous factors that are likely to increase owners’ and managers’ support to the idea of MRs. This may be of interest to any country planning implementation of MRs.
CO2 concentration and water availability alter the organic acid composition of root exudates in native Australian species
Authors: Hasegawa Shun , Ryan Megan H. , Power Sally A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Root exudation of organic acids (OAs) facilitates plant P uptake from soil, playing a key role in rhizosphere nutrient availability. However, OA exudation responses to CO2 concentrations and water availability remain largely untested.

Methods
We examined the effects of CO2 and water on OA exudates in three Australian woodland species: Eucalyptus tereticornis, Hakea sericea and Microlaena stipoides. Seedlings were grown in a glasshouse in low P soil, exposed to CO2 (400 ppm [aCO2] or 540 ppm [eCO2]) and water treatments (100% water holding capacity [high-watered] or 25–50% water holding capacity [low-watered]). After six weeks, we collected OAs from rhizosphere soil (OArhizo) and trap solutions in which washed roots were immersed (OAexuded).

Results
For E. tereticornis, the treatments changed OArhizo composition, driven by increased malic acid in plants exposed to eCO2 and increased oxalic acid in low-watered plants. For H. sericea, low-watered plants had higher OAexuded per plant (+ 116%) and lower OArhizo per unit root mass (–77%) associated with larger root mass but fewer cluster roots. For M. stipoides, eCO2 increased OAexuded per plant (+ 107%) and per unit root mass (+ 160%), while low-watered plants had higher citric and lower malic acids for OArhizo and OAexuded: changes in OA amounts and composition driven by malic acid were positively associated with soil P availability under eCO2.

Conclusion
We conclude that eCO2 and altered water availability shifted OAs in root exudates, modifying plant–soil interactions and the associated carbon and nutrient economy.
Bumblebees sense rootstock-mediated nutrition and fertilization regime in tomato
Authors: Martínez-Andújar Cristina , Youssef Rim Ben , Prudencio Ángela S. , Ormazabal Maialen , Martín-Rodríguez José Ángel , Albacete Alfonso , Martínez-Melgarejo Purificación , Pérez-Alfocea Francisco 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aims

Since producing more with less is required for increasing agricultural sustainability and reducing its environmental impact, breeding varieties with increased yield stability under reduced fertilizer application is an important goal, particularly in high valued horticultural crops such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). However, because of the difficulties to conciliate yield and fertilizer use efficiency through breeding, the graft-compatible genetic biodiversity existing in horticultural species offers the possibility to directly approach this objective in high-yielding elite varieties through improving nutrient capture and promoting ecosystem services such as insect pollination. We hypothesized that rootstocks affect pollinator foraging decisions through the nutritional status that impacts yield.

Methods
Fifteen genetically diverse experimental rootstocks were grafted to a scion tomato variety and cultivated under optimal and reduced (25% of optimal) P and NPK fertilization in the presence of managed bumblebee pollinators (Bombus terrestris).

Results
Up to twofold yield variability between rootstocks was associated with leaf nutrition and photosynthesis of the scion. Interestingly, fertilization regime and the rootstock genotype influenced the pollinator foraging decisions since bumblebees showed feeding preference for plants cultivated under low P, and for the most yielding and nutritious graft combinations under reduced but not under optimal fertilization. Bumblebees can sense plant nutritional status through source-sink relations, as supported by the consistent relationship between pollinator preferences and leaf carbon concentration.

Conclusions
This study opens new perspectives for using pollinators as “phenotypers” to select the most resilient plants under suboptimal conditions and/or genotypes that synergistically increase crop productivity by promoting the ecosystem service provided by the insects.
The palliative effect of mulberry leaf and olive leaf ethanolic extracts on hepatic CYP2E1 and caspase-3 immunoexpression and oxidative damage induced by paracetamol in male rats
Authors: Fadil Hosny Abd El , Behairy Amany , Ebraheim Lamiaa L. M. , Abd-Elhakim Yasmina M. , Fathy Heba Hussein 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the possible protective role of mulberry leaf (MLE) and olive leaf (OLE) ethanolic extracts against paracetamol (PTL)–induced liver injury in rats compared to silymarin as a reference drug. Initially, MLE and OLE were characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Then, forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: the negative control group orally received distilled water for 35 days, the PTL-treated group (PTG) received 500 mg PTL/kg b. wt. for 7 days, the MLE-treated group (MLTG) received 400 mg MLE/kg b. wt., the OLE-treated group (OLTG) received 400 mg OLE/kg b. wt., and the silymarin-treated group (STG) received 100 mg silymarin/kg b. wt. The last three groups received the treatment for 28 days, then PTL for 7 days. The GC–MS characterization revealed that MLE comprised 19 constituents dominated by ethyl linoleate, phytol, hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, and squalene. Moreover, OLE comprised 30 components, and the major components were 11-eicosenoic acid, oleic acid, phytol, and à-tetralone. MLE and OLE significantly corrected the PTL-induced normocytic normochromic anemia, leukocytosis, hypercholesterolemia, and hypoproteinemia. Moreover, the MLE and OLE pretreatment considerably suppressed the PTL-induced increment in serum levels of hepatic enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. Furthermore, the PTL-induced depletion in antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, and the rise in hepatic malondialdehyde content were significantly reversed by the MLE and OLE pretreatment. Besides, MLE and OLE pretreatment significantly protected the hepatic tissue against PTL-induced DNA damage, pathological perturbations, and increased caspase 3 and CYP2E1 immunoexpression. Of note, OLTG showed better enhancement of most indices rather than MLTG. Conclusively, these findings imply that OLE, with its antioxidant and antiapoptotic capabilities, is superior to MLE in protecting against PTL-induced liver injury.
The long-term impacts of hearing loss, tinnitus and poor balance on the quality of life of people living with and beyond cancer after platinum-based chemotherapy: a literature review
Authors: Phillips Olivia R. , Baguley David M. , Pearson Stephanie E. , Akeroyd Michael A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To elucidate the long-term impacts of hearing loss, tinnitus and balance in people living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) treated with platinum-based chemotherapy (PBCT).

Methods
A literature search was conducted between March and June 2022 using PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Full-text papers in English were included. Articles explored the impacts of hearing loss, tinnitus and balance and discussed them in the context of treatment. If PBCT was used in conjunction with other treatments, the article was included. There were no constraints on age, cancer type, publication date, location, study design or data type. Sixteen studies and two reviews were included.

Results
Hearing loss and tinnitus can cause communication difficulties and subsequent social withdrawal. There were deficits in cognition, child development and educational performance. Employment and the ease of everyday life were disrupted by hearing loss and tinnitus, whereas poor balance interfered with walking and increased the risk of falls. Depression and anxiety were related to ototoxicity. Most notable were the differing mindsets experienced by adults LWBC with ototoxicity. There was evidence of inadequate monitoring of ototoxicity by clinicians and a lack of communication between clinicians and patients about ototoxicity as a side effect.

Conclusions
Ototoxicity has a negative long-term impact on multiple areas of life for adults and children LWBC. This can compromise their quality of life.

Implications for cancer survivors
Increased awareness, monitoring and education surrounding these issues may lead to earlier intervention and better management of ototoxicity, enhancing the quality of life of people LWBC.
Do people who highly value happiness tend to ruminate?
Authors: Takai Shigeyuki , Hasegawa Akira , Shigematsu Jun , Yamamoto Tetsuya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that an extremely strong desire for happiness might ironically reduce a person’s well-being, particularly among Western people. According to the goal progress theory and the theory of valuing happiness, rumination might explain the relationship between valuing happiness and well-being. Based on these theoretical rationales, this study examined the following hypotheses: (1) valuing happiness is significantly associated with rumination, (2) people who experience low life stress have a stronger association between valuing happiness and rumination, and (3) people with more interdependent self-construal have a weaker association between valuing happiness and rumination. University students in Japan participated in a cross-sectional study (N = 350; Study 1) and a 4-weeks longitudinal study (N = 329; Study 2). They responded to a packet of questionnaires assessing valuing happiness, trait rumination, depressive symptoms, negative events, and interdependent self-construal. Consistent with our hypothesis, valuing happiness was concurrently and longitudinally associated with increased rumination after controlling for depressive symptoms. However, negative events did not moderate the association between valuing happiness and rumination. Furthermore, Study 1, but not Study 2, indicated that the association between valuing happiness and rumination was stronger among students with highly interdependent self-construal than those with less interdependent self-construal. The preset findings indicated that valuing happiness might be a factor that perpetuates rumination. More sophisticated evidence on the influence of valuing happiness on rumination can lead to effective psychotherapies for decreasing rumination and depression.