bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O-GlcNAcylation regulates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Ephrame Sophiya John , Cork Gentry K. , Marshall Victoria , Johnston Margaret A. , Shawa Jenna , Alghusen Ibtihal , Qiang Amy , Denson Aspin R. , Carman Marisa S. , Fedosyuk Halyna , Swerdlow Russell H. , Slawson Chad 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAberrant activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) signaling is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. For example, enhanced ERK signal activation mediated by Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), which is a critical genetic risk factor for AD, increases the transcription of amyloid precursor protein (APP). We hypothesize that O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) regulates the phosphorylation and activation of ERK. O-GlcNAc is a single sugar post-translational modification that dynamically cycles on and off proteins in response to nutrient changes by the action of the enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. However, O-GlcNAc quickly returns to a baseline level after stimulus removal (called O-GlcNAc homeostasis).MethodsWe did a serum reactivation time-course followed by western blot in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells after long-term O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibition by Thiamet-G (TMG) treatment, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) knock-down (KD) and OGA KD. Brain tissues of C57BL6/J mice and 5XFAD Alzheimer’s disease mice intra-peritoneally injected with TMG for 1 month and C57BL6/J mice intra-peritoneally injected with TMG for 6 months were also used for western blot.ResultsWe found that ERK1/2 phosphorylation at Thr 202/Tyr204 and Thr183/Tyr185 (p-ERK) are amplified and hence ERK1/2 are activated after long-term OGA inhibition in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition to pharmacological treatment, genetic disruption of O-GlcNAc by OGT KD and OGA KD also increased p-ERK in SH-SY5Y cells suggesting O-GlcNAc homeostasis controls ERK signaling. To determine how O-GlcNAc regulates p-ERK, we probed the expression of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase (p-MEK) which phosphorylates and activates ERK and Dual specificity phosphatase-4 (DUSP4) which dephosphorylates and inactivates ERK in SH-SY5Y cells. p-MEK increases in TMG treated and OGT KD cells whereas total DUSP4 decreases in OGT KD and OGA KD cells with serum reactivation time course. Next, we probed the role of OGA inhibition in regulating ERK activation using mice brain-tissue samples. Interestingly, 6-month intra-peritoneal TMG injection in C57BL/6J mice showed an increase in amplitude of p-ERK and APP protein levels, indicating long-term OGA inhibition potentially contributes to AD progression. Furthermore, 1-month TMG injection was sufficient to increase the amplitude of p-ERK in 5XFAD AD mice brains suggesting AD phenotype contributes to the acceleration of ERK activation mediated by OGA inhibition.ConclusionTogether, these results indicate that disruptions to O-GlcNAc homeostasis amplify ERK signal activation in AD.
Lycium barbarum glycopetide prolong lifespan and alleviate Parkinson’s disease in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zheng Jingming , Luo Zhenhuan , Chiu Kin , Li Yimin , Yang Jing , Zhou Qinghua , So Kwok-Fai , Wan Qin-Li 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionLycium barbarum glycopeptide (LbGp) is the main bioactive compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine. L. barbarum berries and has been proven to have numerous health benefits, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cytoprotective activities. However, the antiaging effect of LbGp remains unknown.MethodsThe lifespan and body movement of C. elegans were used to evaluate the effect of LbGp on lifespan and health span. The thrashing assay was used to determine the role of LbGp in Parkinson’s disease. To investigate the mechanisms of LbGp-induced antiaging effects, we analyzed changes in lifespan, movement, and the expression of longevity-related genes in a series of worm mutants after LbGp treatment.ResultsWe found that LbGp treatment prolonged the lifespan and health span of C. elegans. Mechanistically, we found that LbGp could activate the transcription factors DAF-16/FOXO, SKN-1/Nrf2, and HSF-1, as well as the nuclear receptor DAF-12, thereby upregulating longevity-related genes to achieve lifespan extension. In addition, we found that the lifespan extension induced by LbGp partially depends on mitochondrial function. Intriguingly, LbGp also ameliorated neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease in a DAF-16-, SKN-1-, and HSF-1-dependent manner.ConclusionOur work suggests that LbGp might be a viable candidate for the treatment and prevention of aging and age-related diseases.
Predictive factors for persistent postoperative hydrocephalus in children undergoing surgical resection of periventricular tumors
Authors: Chen Zitao , Zhou Ming , Wen Huantao , Wang Qiang , Guan Jianwei , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Wangming 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to identify the factors predicting persistent hydrocephalus after periventricular tumor resection in children and assess the need and efficacy of perioperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) intervention.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients who underwent resection surgery of a periventricular tumor between March 2012 and July 2021 at the Department of Neurosurgery in Zhujiang Hospital of South Medical University. Demographic, radiographic, perioperative, and dispositional data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate models.ResultsA total of 117 patients were enrolled in our study. Incidence of postoperative persistent hydrocephalus varied with tumor pathology (p = 0.041), tumor location (p = 0.046), surgical approach (p = 0.013), extension of resection (p = 0.043), tumor volume (p = 0.041), preoperative Evan's index (p = 0.002), and preoperative CSF diversion (p = 0.024). On logistic regression, posterior median approach (OR = 5.315), partial resection (OR = 20.984), volume &gt; 90cm3 (OR = 5.768), and no preoperative CSF diversion (OR = 3.661) were independent predictors of postoperative persistent hydrocephalus. Preoperative Evan's index is significantly correlated with tumor volume (p = 0.019). Meanwhile, the need for preoperative CSF drainage in patients in this cohort was significantly correlated with tumor location (p = 0.019).ConclusionTumor pathology, location, surgical approach, the extension of resection, tumor volume, preoperative Evan's index, and preoperative CSF diversion were considered to be predictive factors for postoperative persistent hydrocephalus. Notably, posterior median approach, partial resection, and tumor volume &gt; 90cm3, without preoperative CSF diversion, were identified as independent risk factors for persistent postoperative hydrocephalus. Preoperative identification of children at risk of developing persistent postoperative hydrocephalus would avoid delays in planning the cerebrospinal fluid diversion. Active and effective preoperative hydrocephalus intervention in children with periventricular tumors is beneficial to reduce the incidence of persistent hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery after resection.
Neuropsychiatric outcomes following strokes involving the cerebellum: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Muller Ewald Victoria A. , Deifelt Streese Carolina , Bruss Joel E. , Manzel Kenneth , Montilla Lilian M. , Gala Ilisa K. , Tranel Daniel T. , Parker Krystal L. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionGiven the wide-ranging involvement of cerebellar activity in motor, cognitive, and affective functions, clinical outcomes resulting from cerebellar damage can be hard to predict. Cerebellar vascular accidents are rare, comprising less than 5% of strokes, yet this rare patient population could provide essential information to guide our understanding of cerebellar function.MethodsTo gain insight into which domains are affected following cerebellar damage, we retrospectively examined neuropsychiatric performance following cerebellar vascular accidents in cases registered on a database of patients with focal brain injuries. Neuropsychiatric testing included assessment of cognitive (working memory, language processing, and perceptual reasoning), motor (eye movements and fine motor control), and affective (depression and anxiety) domains.ResultsResults indicate that cerebellar vascular accidents are more common in men and starting in the 5th decade of life, in agreement with previous reports. Additionally, in our group of twenty-six patients, statistically significant performance alterations were not detected at the group level an average of 1.3 years following the vascular accident. Marginal decreases in performance were detected in the word and color sub-scales of the Stroop task, the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and the Lafayette Grooved Pegboard Test.DiscussionIt is well established that the acute phase of cerebellar vascular accidents can be life-threatening, largely due to brainstem compression. In the chronic phase, our findings indicate that recovery of cognitive, emotional, and affective function is likely. However, a minority of individuals may suffer significant long-term performance impairments in motor coordination, verbal working memory, and/or linguistic processing.
Minimal influence of estrous cycle on studies of female mouse behaviors
Authors: Zeng Pei-Yun , Tsai Ya-Hsuan , Lee Chih-Lin , Ma Yu-Kai , Kuo Tsung-Han 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionSex bias has been an issue in many biomedical fields, especially in neuroscience. In rodent research, many scientists only focused on male animals due to the belief that female estrous cycle gives rise to unacceptable, high levels of variance in the experiments. However, even though female sexual behaviors are well known to be regulated by estrous cycle, which effects on other non-sexual behaviors were not always consistent in previous reports. Recent reviews analyzing published literature even suggested that there is no evidence for larger variation in female than male in several phenotypes.MethodsTo further investigate the impact of estrous cycle on the variability of female behaviors, we conducted multiple behavioral assays, including the open field test, forced swimming test, and resident-intruder assay to assess anxiety-, depression-like behaviors, as well as social interaction respectively. We compared females in the estrus and diestrus stages across four different mouse strains: C57BL/6, BALB/c, C3H, and DBA/2.ResultsOur results found no significant difference in most behavioral parameters between females in these two stages. On the other hand, the differences in behaviors among certain strains are relatively consistent in both stages, suggesting a very minimal effect of estrous cycle for detecting the behavioral difference. Last, we compared the behavioral variation between male and female and found very similar variations in most behaviors between the two sexes.DiscussionWhile our study successfully identified behavioral differences among strains and between the sexes, we did not find solid evidence to support the notion that female behaviors are influenced by the estrous cycle. Additionally, we observed similar levels of behavioral variability between males and females. Female mice, therefore, have no reason to be excluded in future behavioral research.
Undernutrition and associated factors among adult prisoners in Fiche town, central Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Wondimu Mengistu , Siyoum Ayichew , Ketema Indeshaw , Goshu Abel Tibebu , Habte Sisay , Mehadi Ame , Ayele Behailu Hawulte 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundUndernutrition is a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. However, nutritional problems are frequently overlooked in low-income countries, especially among vulnerable populations such as imprisoned people. The scientific data on the rate of undernutrition among imprisoned people in Ethiopia is limited. Hence, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of undernutrition among adult prisoners in Fiche town, central Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 15 to September 15, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants. All prisoners whose age was 18 years and above who have been in prison for at least 6 months were included. Data were collected using interviewer-administered pretested semi-structured questionnaires and standard anthropometric measurements. A cut-off point of body mass index &lt;18.5 kg/m2 was used to measure undernutrition. Data were coded, entered into Epi-data version 3.1, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with undernutrition. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to measure the strength of the association and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe overall magnitude of undernutrition among adult prisoners was 20% (95% CI: 16.5–23.6). Duration of imprisonment, incarcerated for 25 to 59 months (AOR = 3.07; 95% CI: 1.33, 7.04) and for greater than 59 months (AOR = 4.56; 95% CI: 2.0, 10.45), mild and moderate depression (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.45), and moderately severe and severe depression (AOR = 2.78; 95% CI: 1.17, 6.60) were significantly associated with increased odds of undernutrition. However, being female (AOR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.98), having financial support (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.87), engaging in income-generating work within the prison (AOR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.47), having medium dietary diversity (AOR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.80), and having good dietary diversity (AOR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.61) significantly decreased the odds of undernutrition.ConclusionThe magnitude of undernutrition among adult prisoners was high, with one in five prisoners in Fiche town prison having undernutrition. Sex, financial support, duration of imprisonment, income-generating work in the prison, dietary diversity, and depression were predictors of undernutrition. Hence, access to healthy food and diversified diets should be ensured for prisoners, and implementing early screening and treatment of depression, as well as encouraging prisoners to engage in income-generating work within the prison is recommended to reduce the burden of undernutrition.
Effects of intensive nutrition education and counseling on nutritional status of pregnant women in East Shoa Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Wakwoya Ermias Bekele , Belachew Tefera , Girma Tsinuel 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundNutritional status is defined as an individual’s health condition as it is influenced by the intake and utilization of nutrients. Maternal malnutrition is widespread throughout the world, with Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia bearing the brunt of the burden. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of intensive nutrition education and counseling on nutritional status during pregnancy.Methods and materialsThe study was a one-year, two-arm parallel design cluster randomized controlled trial conducted in the East Shoa zone, Ethiopia, from January 1, 2021, to February 30, 2022. A total of 374 participants were enrolled in the intervention (n = 185) and control (n = 189) groups. End-line data were collected from 163 women, from each group. The intervention package provided three counseling sessions by trained midwives, three-page take-home brochures prepared in local languages, and the delivery of 18 weekly serial short text messages. The women in the control group received routine nutrition education from the health facilities. After adjusting for potential confounders, a linear mixed-effects model was employed to assess the intervention effect.ResultsAfter the intervention, the mean mid-upper arm circumference in the intervention group increased by 1.8% (23.08 vs. 23.44, p &lt; 0.01). Similarly, the proportion of undernutrition in the intervention group was 11% (25 vs. 36%, p = 0.02) lower compared to the control arm. At the end of the trial, women in the intervention arm had significantly better nutritional status than women in the control group (β = 0.47, p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionThe findings showed that intensive nutrition education and counseling using the health belief model was effective in improving nutritional status and reducing undernutrition among pregnant women. As a result, nutrition education and counseling using HBM constructs, as well as regular reminder messages, should be provided to pregnant women as part of the routine antenatal care service.
Evaluation of millets for physio-chemical and root morphological traits suitable for resilient farming and nutritional security in Eastern Himalayas
Authors: Layek Jayanta , Rangappa Krishnappa , Das Anup , Ansari Meraj A. , Choudhary Sunita , Rajbonshi Namrata , Patra Sandip , Kumar Amit , Mishra Vinay K. , Ravisankar Natesan , Kumar Sunil , Hazarika Samarendra , Dutta Sudip K. , Babu Subhash , Tahasildar M. , Shettigar Nivedita 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionMillets are nutritionally superior and climate-resilient short-duration crops and hold a prominent place in cropping sequences around the world. They have immense potential to grow in a marginal environment due to diverse adaptive mechanisms.MethodsAn experiment was conducted in an organic production system in the North Eastern Himalayan foothills of India for 3 consecutive years by evaluating high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of different millets, viz., finger millet, foxtail millet, little millet, barnyard millet, proso millet, and browntop millet, along with local landraces of finger millets (Sikkim-1 and Sikkim-2; Nagaland-1 and Nagaland-2) to identify stable, high-yielding, and nutritionally superior genotypes suited for the region.ResultsAmong the various millets, finger millet, followed by little millet and foxtail millet, proved their superiority in terms of productivity (ranging between 1.16 and 1.43 Mg ha−1) compared to other millets. Among different varieties of finger millets, cv. VL Mandua 352 recorded the highest average grain yield (1.43 Mg ha−1) followed by local landraces, Nagaland-2 (1.31 Mg ha−1) and Sikkim-1 (1.25 Mg ha−1). Root traits such as total root length, root volume, average diameter of roots, and root surface area were significantly higher in finger millet landraces Nagaland-1, Nagaland-2, and Sikkim-1 compared to the rest of the millet genotypes. The different millets were found to be rich sources of protein as recorded in foxtail millet cv. SiA 3088 (12.3%), proso millet cv. TNAU 145 (11.5%), and finger millet landraces, Sikkim-1 and Nagaland-2 (8.7% each). Finger millet landrace Sikkim-2 recorded the highest omega-6 content (1.16%), followed by barnyard millet cv. VL 207 (1.09%). Barnyard millet cv. VL 207 recorded the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content (1.23%), followed by foxtail millet cv. SiA 3088 (1.09%). The local finger millet landraces Sikkim-1 and Sikkim-2 recorded the highest levels of histidine (0.41%) and tryptophan (0.12%), respectively. Sikkim-1 and Nagaland-2 recorded the highest level of thiamine (0.32%) compared to the HYVs.ConclusionThese findings indicate that finger millet has great potential in the organic production system of the North Eastern Himalayan Region (NEHR) of India, and apart from HYVs like VL Mandua 352, local landraces, viz., Nagaland-2 and Sikkim-1, should also be promoted for ensuring food and nutritional security in this fragile ecosystem.
A real-word study: is normothermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy impactful as we expect?
Authors: Jin Mengyao , Cao Wei , Chen Junjie , Xiong Maoming , Cao Guodong , Chen Bo 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundPatients with gastric cancer have a poor prognosis. Currently, intraperitoneal chemotherapy has been considered a therapeutic option to improve prognosis due to its appealing theoretical rationales. But there is no consensus on the choice of chemotherapeutic agents used in intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer. The real-world efficacy of applying intraoperative chemotherapy in gastric cancer still remains undefined.MethodsPatients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy at the Gastrointestinal Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between 2012 and 2019 were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The t-test (mean of two samples) was conducted to compare the difference in measurement data between the two groups, and the chi-square test was used to compare the difference in count data. Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was performed to analyze the overall survival of patients. Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was also performed in various subgroups to respectively compare the survival of patients. Multivariate Cox analysis was performed to analyze the prognosis factors of these patients.ResultsA total of 1253 patients were included in the final analysis, in which 861 patients received intraperitoneal chemotherapy and 352 not received intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The clinicopathological features of the participants in the two groups were comparable. There was no significant difference between the two groups in overall survival (P &gt; 0.05). Consistently, no significant difference was found between the two groups in each subgroup (P &gt; 0.05). The multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that only age, BMI, pathological type, TNM stage, and differentiation grade were independent risk factors of survival.ConclusionIntraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy usage did not improve survival in patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical gastrectomy.
Wedge resection versus segment IVb and V resection of the liver for T2 gallbladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Zhehan , Yu Jiayu , Cao Jiasheng , Lin Chenping , Hu Jiahao , Zhang Bin , Shen Jiliang , Feng Xu , Topatana Win , Chen Mingyu , Fang Haixing 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesAlthough guidelines recommend extended cholecystectomy for T2 gallbladder cancer (GBC), the optimal hepatectomy strategy remains controversial. The study aims to compare the prognosis of T2 GBC patients who underwent wedge resection (WR) versus segment IVb and V resection (SR) of the liver.MethodsA specific search of online databases was performed from May 2001 to February 2023. The postoperative efficacy outcomes were synthesized and meta-analyses were conducted.ResultsA total of 9 studies involving 2,086 (SR = 627, WR = 1,459) patients were included in the study. The primary outcomes included disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). For DFS, the 1-year DFS was statistically higher in patients undergoing SR than WR [risk ratio (RR) = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.13, P = 0.007]. The 3-year DFS (P = 0.95), 5-year DFS (P = 0.77), and hazard ratio (HR) of DFS (P = 0.72) were similar between the two groups. However, the 3-year OS was significantly lower in patients who underwent SR than WR [RR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.82-0.99, P = 0.03]. Moreover, SR had a higher hazard HR of OS [HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.01-1.75, P = 0.04]. No significant difference was found in 1-year (P = 0.32) and 5-year (P = 0.9) OS. For secondary outcomes, patients who received SR tended to develop postoperative complications (POC) [RR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.00-3.60, P = 0.05]. In addition, no significant differences in intrahepatic recurrence (P = 0.12) were observed.ConclusionsIn conclusion, SR can improve the prognosis of T2 GBC patients in DFS. In contrast to WR, the high HR and complications associated with SR cannot be neglected. Therefore, surgeons should evaluate the condition of the patients and take their surgical skills into account when selecting SR.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier, CRD42022362974.