bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust Engineering of Maximally Entangled States by Identical Particle Interferometry
Authors: Piccolini Matteo , Giovannetti Vittorio , Lo Franco Rosario 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study proposes a procedure for the robust preparation of maximally entangled states of identical fermionic qubits, studying the role played by particle statistics in the process. The protocol exploits externally activated noisy channels to reset the system to a known state. The subsequent interference effects generated at a beam splitter result in a mixture of maximally entangled Bell states and NOON states. It also discusses how every maximally entangled state of two fermionic qubits distributed over two spatial modes can be obtained from one another by fermionic passive optical transformations. Using a pseudospin‐insensitive, non‐absorbing, parity check detector, the proposed technique is thus shown to deterministically prepare any arbitrary maximally entangled state of two identical fermions. These results extend recent findings related to bosonic qubits. Finally, it analyzes the performance of the protocol for both bosons and fermions when the externally activated noisy channels are not used and the two qubits undergo standard types of noise. The results supply further insights toward viable strategies for noise‐protected entanglement exploitable in quantum‐enhanced technologies.
Recent advances in solar infrared light regulating smart windows based on organic materials
Authors: Sentjens Henk , Kragt Augustinus J. J. , Schenning Albert P. H. J. , Debije Michael G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWindows serve the purpose of connecting room inhabitants with the outside environment, playing an important role in sustaining human health and well‐being. Windows also have a large impact on the lighting, heating, and cooling costs of indoor spaces. In this review, we discuss research over the past 5 years on “smart” windows based on organic materials designed to absorb, reflect, or otherwise utilize excess infrared radiation. In doing so, comfortable indoor temperatures can be managed throughout the year while maintaining as much as possible transparency to visible light, so additional energy is not required for artificial illumination. We discuss both static and dynamic infrared control windows, comparing some of their features and close with a discussion of where the field may be moving to allow these windows to make a commercial impact and reduce the need of heating and/or cooling systems for our indoor spaces.
Targeted quantitative metabolomics with a linear mixed-effect model for analysis of urinary nucleosides and deoxynucleosides from bladder cancer patients before and after tumor resection
Authors: Artymowicz Małgorzata , Struck-Lewicka Wiktoria , Wiczling Paweł , Markuszewski Marcin , Markuszewski Michał J. , Siluk Danuta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the present study, we developed and validated a fast, simple, and sensitive quantitative method for the simultaneous determination of eleven nucleosides and deoxynucleosides from urine samples. The analyses were performed with the use of liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The sample pretreatment procedure was limited to centrifugation, vortex mixing of urine samples with a methanol/water solution (1:1, v/v), evaporation and dissolution steps. The analysis lasted 20 min and was performed in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode (dMRM) in positive polarity. Process validation was conducted to determine the linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of quantification, stability, recovery and matrix effect. All validation procedures were carried out in accordance with current FDA and EMA regulations. The validated method was applied for the analysis of 133 urine samples derived from bladder cancer patients before tumor resection and 24 h, 2 weeks, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the surgery. The obtained data sets were analyzed using a linear mixed-effect model. The analysis revealed that concentration level of 2-methylthioadenosine was decreased, while for inosine, it was increased 24 h after tumor resection in comparison to the preoperative state. The presented quantitative longitudinal study of urine nucleosides and deoxynucleosides before and up to 12 months after bladder tumor resection brings additional prospective insight into the metabolite excretion pattern in bladder cancer disease. Moreover, incurred sample reanalysis was performed proving the robustness and repeatability of the developed targeted method.
Graphical abstract
Quantitation of dynamic total-body PET imaging: recent developments and future perspectives
Authors: Gu Fengyun , Wu Qi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning is an important diagnostic imaging technique used in disease diagnosis, therapy planning, treatment monitoring, and medical research. The standardized uptake value (SUV) obtained at a single time frame has been widely employed in clinical practice. Well beyond this simple static measure, more detailed metabolic information can be recovered from dynamic PET scans, followed by the recovery of arterial input function and application of appropriate tracer kinetic models. Many efforts have been devoted to the development of quantitative techniques over the last couple of decades.

Challenges
The advent of new-generation total-body PET scanners characterized by ultra-high sensitivity and long axial field of view, i.e., uEXPLORER (United Imaging Healthcare), PennPET Explorer (University of Pennsylvania), and Biograph Vision Quadra (Siemens Healthineers), further stimulates valuable inspiration to derive kinetics for multiple organs simultaneously. But some emerging issues also need to be addressed, e.g., the large-scale data size and organ-specific physiology. The direct implementation of classical methods for total-body PET imaging without proper validation may lead to less accurate results.

Conclusions
In this contribution, the published dynamic total-body PET datasets are outlined, and several challenges/opportunities for quantitation of such types of studies are presented. An overview of the basic equation, calculation of input function (based on blood sampling, image, population or mathematical model), and kinetic analysis encompassing parametric (compartmental model, graphical plot and spectral analysis) and non-parametric (B-spline and piece-wise basis elements) approaches is provided. The discussion mainly focuses on the feasibilities, recent developments, and future perspectives of these methodologies for a diverse-tissue environment.
Implementation of a clinical long-term follow-up database for adult childhood cancer survivors in Germany: a feasibility study at two specialised late effects clinics
Authors: Sleimann Madelaine , Balcerek Magdalena , Cytera Chirine , Richter Franziska , Borgmann-Staudt Anja , Wörmann Bernhard , Kronziel Lea Louisa , Calaminus Gabriele , Kock-Schoppenhauer Ann-Kristin , Grabow Desiree , Baust Katja , Neumann Anke , Langer Thorsten , Gebauer Judith 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk for increased morbidity and reduced quality of life associated with treatment-related late effects. In Germany, however, only a few of the more than 40,000 CCS registered in the German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR) currently benefit from adequate clinical long-term follow-up (LTFU) structures. To establish a comprehensive knowledge base on CCS’ long-term health in Germany, a database was developed in cooperation with the GCCR. Following a first evaluation phase at two German university centres, this database will be implemented more widely within Germany allowing longitudinal documentation of clinical LTFU data.

Methods
The feasibility study cohort comprised 208 CCS aged 18 or older whose medical, mental and psychosocial health data were collected during routine LTFU or first clinic visits in adult care. CCS were enrolled from 04/2021 to 12/2022, and data entry was completed by 03/2023. Descriptive data analysis was conducted. All CCS were stratified into three risk groups (RG) based on their individual risk for developing late effects resulting from their respective diagnoses and treatments.

Results
Chronic health conditions of various organ systems associated with late and long-term effects of cancer therapy affected CCS in all RG supporting the clinical relevance of risk-adapted LTFU. Enrolment into the database was feasible and broadly accepted amongst CCS.

Conclusion
Implementation of a clinical follow-up care infrastructure and database in Germany will pave the way to collect clinically evaluated and regularly updated health data of potentially over 40,000 German CCS and facilitate future national and international cooperation.
A new extension of Chubanov’s method to symmetric cones
Authors: Kanoh Shin-ichi , Yoshise Akiko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe propose a new variant of Chubanov’s method for solving the feasibility problem over the symmetric cone by extending Roos’s method (Optim Methods Softw 33(1):26–44, 2018) of solving the feasibility problem over the nonnegative orthant. The proposed method considers a feasibility problem associated with a norm induced by the maximum eigenvalue of an element and uses a rescaling focusing on the upper bound for the sum of eigenvalues of any feasible solution to the problem. Its computational bound is (1) equivalent to that of Roos’s original method (2018) and superior to that of Lourenço et al.’s method (Math Program 173(1–2):117–149, 2019) when the symmetric cone is the nonnegative orthant, (2) superior to that of Lourenço et al.’s method (2019) when the symmetric cone is a Cartesian product of second-order cones, (3) equivalent to that of Lourenço et al.’s method (2019) when the symmetric cone is the simple positive semidefinite cone, and (4) superior to that of Pena and Soheili’s method (Math Program 166(1–2):87–111, 2017) for any simple symmetric cones under the feasibility assumption of the problem imposed in Pena and Soheili’s method (2017). We also conduct numerical experiments that compare the performance of our method with existing methods by generating strongly (but ill-conditioned) feasible instances. For any of these instances, the proposed method is rather more efficient than the existing methods in terms of accuracy and execution time.
Closure of Earth’s Global Seasonal Cycle of Energy Storage
Authors: Johnson Gregory C. , Landerer Felix W. , Loeb Norman G. , Lyman John M. , Mayer Michael , Swann Abigail L. S. , Zhang Jinlun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe global seasonal cycle of energy in Earth’s climate system is quantified using observations and reanalyses. After removing long-term trends, net energy entering and exiting the climate system at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) should agree with the sum of energy entering and exiting the ocean, atmosphere, land, and ice over the course of an average year. Achieving such a balanced budget with observations has been challenging. Disagreements have been attributed previously to sparse observations in the high-latitude oceans. However, limiting the local vertical integration of new global ocean heat content estimates to the depth to which seasonal heat energy is stored, rather than integrating to 2000 m everywhere as done previously, allows closure of the global seasonal energy budget within statistical uncertainties. The seasonal cycle of energy storage is largest in the ocean, peaking in April because ocean area is largest in the Southern Hemisphere and the ocean’s thermal inertia causes a lag with respect to the austral summer solstice. Seasonal cycles in energy storage in the atmosphere and land are smaller, but peak in July and September, respectively, because there is more land in the Northern Hemisphere, and the land has more thermal inertia than the atmosphere. Global seasonal energy storage by ice is small, so the atmosphere and land partially offset ocean energy storage in the global integral, with their sum matching time-integrated net global TOA energy fluxes over the seasonal cycle within uncertainties, and both peaking in April.
A Fast and Simple Modification of Newton’s Method Avoiding Saddle Points
Authors: Truong Tuyen Trung , To Tat Dat , Nguyen Hang-Tuan , Nguyen Thu Hang , Nguyen Hoang Phuong , Helmy Maged 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe propose in this paper New Q-Newton’s method. The update rule is conceptually very simple, using the projections to the vector subspaces generated by eigenvectors of positive (correspondingly negative) eigenvalues of the Hessian. The main result of this paper roughly says that if a sequence $$\{x_n\}$$

{

x
n

}

constructed by the method from a random initial point $$x_0$$

x
0

converges, then the limit point is a critical point and not a saddle point, and the convergence rate is the same as that of Newton’s method. A subsequent work has recently been successful incorporating Backtracking line search to New Q-Newton’s method, thus resolving the global convergence issue observed for some (non-smooth) functions. An application to quickly find zeros of a univariate meromorphic function is discussed, accompanied with an illustration on basins of attraction.
Equal Pay and the Equality Act 2010: An Accidental Paradox in Need of Change?
Authors: Hand James , Hooton Victoria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe approach in the United Kingdom to sex-based equal pay has for a long time been distinct from general sex discrimination and from equal pay based on other protected characteristics. This dichotomy allows for a greater focus on sex-based equal pay, in a distinct statutory regime, but also risks creating unnecessary, unintended and detrimental distinctions. This article outlines the different legislative approaches adopted in pursuit of related public policy goals regarding equality and explores, and suggests legislative and interpretative solutions to, a significant issue whereby problematic wording in the Equality Act 2010, and judicial interpretation of it, could unjustifiably leave sex-based claimants in a worse position than those with other protected characteristics with regard to both to injury to feelings and constructive dismissal.
A STEM Penalty from Affirmative Action Bans?
Authors: Mickey-Pabello David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe study investigates a tension between affirmative action scholars who hypothesize that affirmative action bans would increase underrepresented minority students’ STEM college completions and scholars who have empirically estimated declines. It also questions results that that find no existence of a STEM penalty (compared to non-STEM) caused by affirmative action bans and finds that a STEM penalty is likely, but varies from a very modest effect (using the Department of Homeland Security taxonomy) to a more substantial impact (using the National Science Foundation taxonomy). This study finds that many of the tensions between affirmative action scholars studying STEM are likely the product of model specification. It illustrates how the following have impacted the estimates: the period studied, the inclusion and exclusion of certain ban states, the measure of institutional selectivity, and most importantly, the taxonomy of STEM. Furthermore, this study builds upon prior studies by analyzing private schools and the shorter-term and longer-term impacts of the bans.
Review of Path-following Control Systems for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships
Authors: Xu Haitong , Guedes Soares C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA review presents the state-of-the-art path-following control systems for maritime autonomous surface ships, where the special focus is placed on the guidance subsystem and control subsystem. The path following control system is one of the basic requirements for autonomous ships since it guarantees that the ship can track the predefined path with small cross-track errors. The path following problem is firstly defined, and the cross-track error dynamics are derived from the kinematic equations of marine surface ships. The classical guidance laws are introduced, and the governing equations are also presented in this paper. A review of the guidance laws and controllers for the maritime autonomous surface ships has been carried out based on relevant journal and conference papers. Several important properties and characteristics, such as control structure, guidance law, control method, stability, environmental disturbance and vessel dynamics, are defined for the comparative analysis. Finally, the summary and a discussion on the most used technologies for the path following control of marine autonomous surface ships are presented and highlighted.
Optimality conditions and duality for E-differentiable multiobjective programming involving V-E-type I functions
Authors: Abdulaleem Najeeb , Treanţă Savin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a new concept of sets and a new class of functions called $$\alpha$$
α
-E-invex sets and V-E-preinvex functions. Furthermore, a new concept of generalized convexity is introduced for (not necessarily) differentiable vector optimization problems. Namely, the concept of V-E-type I functions is defined for E-differentiable vector optimization problem. A number of sufficiency results are established under various types of (generalized) V-E-type I requirements. Moreover, several E-duality theorems in the sense of Mond–Weir are proved under appropriate (generalized) V-E-type I functions.
Inquiry-based mathematics education and attitudes towards mathematics: tracking profiles for teaching
Authors: Gómez-Chacón Inés M. , Bacelo Adrián , Marbán José M. , Palacios Andrés 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResearch on the relationships between the main constructs underlying inquiry-based learning is rarely reported in mathematics education research. Considering this as a complex problem which is worth to be investigated, the present study aims to provide some empirical evidences that might serve as an insight to support further investigations on the relationships between attitudes towards mathematics and inquiry-based learning approaches. Thus, this study adopts a descriptive research design where no variables are manipulated but observed and measured in order to identify changes depicted in data collection. An instructional design focusing on the nature of mathematical inquiry is carried out with the participation of 304 secondary and high school students, and a clustering approach is used to look at how participants are grouped around certain attitudinal profiles before and after such mathematical practice. The results show how the heterogeneity of attitudinal profiles present in the classroom evolves positively in terms of perceived usefulness of mathematics and mathematical self-concept as perception of competence in mathematics. This fact provides some basis that might be used for further research on the idea that certain forms of development in inquiry-based mathematics education (IBME) based on greater immersion in the nature and culture of mathematics can help students to improve their attitudes towards mathematics.
Patterning of Metal Halide Perovskite Thin Films and Functional Layers for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Lee Jin-Wook , Kang Seong Min 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn recent years, metal halide perovskites have received significant attention as materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties. The unprecedented rapid evolution in the device performance has been achieved by gaining an advanced understanding of the composition, crystal growth, and defect engineering of perovskites. As device performances approach their theoretical limits, effective optical management becomes essential for achieving higher efficiency. In this review, we discuss the status and perspectives of nano to micron-scale patterning methods for the optical management of perovskite optoelectronic devices. We initially discuss the importance of effective light harvesting and light outcoupling via optical management. Subsequently, the recent progress in various patterning/texturing techniques applied to perovskite optoelectronic devices is summarized by categorizing them into top-down and bottom-up methods. Finally, we discuss the perspectives of advanced patterning/texturing technologies for the development and commercialization of perovskite optoelectronic devices.
Levodopa-Carbidopa Intestinal Gel for Parkinson’s Disease over 11 years: One Center’s “Real-World” Experience
Authors: Vekhande Chetan , Hamed Moath , Tremain Genise , Mah Jennifer , Shetty Aakash , Lazarescu Adriana , Suchowersky Oksana 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT:Background:Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) therapy has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Limited data are available regarding long-term benefits and complications in Canada. Objective of the study was to review long-term experience and clinical outcomes in PD patients with LCIG therapy over 11 years in a multidisciplinary University clinic setting.Methods:Chart review was done on PD patients with LCIG from 2011 to 2022. Data collected: dosing, UPDRS-III motor scores, OFF times, hours with dyskinesias, MoCA, complications, discontinuation reasons, and nursing time requirements.Results:Thirty-three patients received LCIG therapy with a mean follow-up of 3.25±2.09 years. UPDRS-III scores showed reduction of 15% from baseline (mean 35.9) up to 4 years (mean 30.4). Daily OFF time improved from baseline (mean 7.1 ± 3.13 hours) up to 5 years (mean 3.3 ± 2.31 hours; −53.5%; p < 0.048), and dyskinesias remained stable. Nursing time averaged 22 hours per patient per year after PEG-J insertion and titration. Most common complications were PEG-J tube dislodgement and stoma site infection (0–3zero to three events/patient/year). Serious side effects were seen in four (12%) patients resulting in hospitalization and/or death. Nine patients (27.2%) discontinued the treatment due to lack of improved efficacy over oral therapy or development of dementia and 10 (30%) died of causes unrelated to LCIG infusion.Conclusion:Patients on LCIG showed improved motor function over 5-year follow-up. Serious complications were uncommon. Dedicated nursing time is required by LCIG-trained nurses in a multidisciplinary setting for optimum management.