bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coaxial electrospun Ag-NPs-loaded endograft membrane with long-term antibacterial function treating mycotic aortic aneurysm.
Authors: Hu Qingxi , Huang Zhenwei , zhang haiguang , Ma Pengcheng , Feng Jiaxuan , Feng Rui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Endovascular stent-graft has been widely used in the treatment of aortic pathologies. The stent-graft is consisted of two main parts: one is artificial vascular membrane which was used to exclude the lesions, and the other is the nitinol stent skeleton. But the current endograft membrane which was PET or ePTFE has a poor ability to inhibit bacterial colonization, it is not fit for endovascular treatment of mycotic aneurysms, as the infection is prone to progress after endograft implantation. And even after endovascular repair for non-mycotic aortic pathologies, endografts could become infected in short term or in long term, especially for patients with diabetes mellitus or in immune insufficiency conditions. In order to solve the problem that aneurysms cannot resist infection for a long time in clinic, in this study, a kind of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) -loaded endograft membrane was prepared for coating the outer layer of the current stent-graft. The Ag-NPs-loaded membrane adopts coaxial electrospinning technique, with Polycaprolactone (PCL) as the shell, Chitosan (CS), Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and Ag-NPs with broad-spectrum antibacterial effect as the core, forming fibers with core-shell structure. A series of physical and chemical properties and biological properties of the Ag-NPs-loaded membrane were characterized: The formation of the core-shell structure was confirmed by TEM; The drug release experiment revealed that the membrane could effectively control the release rate of Ag-NPs; The bacteriostasis experiment proved that the membrane coating had an obvious inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Animal experiments confirmed that the Ag-NPs-loaded membrane is basically non-toxic, has good biocompatibility, and can play an effective antibacterial role in the mycotic aortic aneurysm model in porcine. In conclusion, the Ag-NPs-loaded membrane prepared by coaxial electrospinning had optimal anti-infection function and it realized slow-releasing of Ag-NPs to achieve long-term bacteriostasis. Thus, the Ag-NPs-loaded membrane might have potential in preventing infection progression and treating mycotic aortic aneurysm in endovascular way.
Examining the Changes in Patient Adherence to Diabetic Footwear Using a Grounded Theory Approach
Authors: Mufti Yusuf , Hartman Anthony , Hayes Corey , Berry Armand , Peterson Blaire , Roser Mark 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background

Foot ulceration is one of the most debilitating complications of diabetes, often leading to further injury and eventual amputation. Specialized prescriptive footwear is a common modality for treatment and prevention of diabetic foot ulcers. However, footwear adherence is abysmally low in most cases, nullifying the therapeutic efficacy of this critical treatment. Little research has been done to ascertain the motivations and perspectives of those who utilize diabetic footwear, with this being the first qualitative study in the United States that seeks to understand the perspectives of those suffering from foot ulceration on therapeutic footwear.

Methods

In-depth interviews with fifteen diabetic individuals on their preferences and experiences with prescriptive footwear were conducted. A coding scheme was then iteratively generated and applied to interview transcripts using a grounded theory approach in order to elucidate key concepts.

Results

Three main categories by which patients evaluated prescription footwear emerged: style, utility, and efficacy. In the interviews, many common themes were found in the temporal progression of an individual’s attitude towards diabetic footwear . Based on these findings we found that there is a tripartite progression model of patient attitudes towards footwear, with individuals first emphasizing style early in the disease course, then footwear comfort, and, after a watershed moment such as an amputation, therapeutic efficacy.

Conclusions

This study has important implications for the design of future diabetic footwear. Using the tripartite model of progression, clinicians can tailor therapy to match patient preferences through the course of their disease, maximizing adherence.
Three-nucleate Rhizoctonia AG-E - a new subgroup within binucleate Rhizoctonia spp.
Authors: Moliszewska Ewa , Maculewicz Dagna , Stępniewska Hanna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The article presents a brief review of binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR) within the Rhizoctonia genus. The genus Rhizoctonia has been classified into two main groups according to the number of nuclei. Binucleate Rhizoctonia strains have two nuclei in each cell, whereas multinucleate Rhizoctonia fungi were observed to have a variable number of nuclei ranging from 4 to 16 in each cell. The study was carried out on 12 BNR isolates originating in southern Poland. Comparison of the ITS1-5,8S-ITS2 sequences of the rDNA of tested isolates with sequences deposited in the GenBank revealed their affiliation to AG-E. Their affiliation to AG was confirmed by anastomosis reactions with tester isolates. The number of nuclei was counted with DAPI staining under a fluorescent microscope, and the diameter of hyphae was also measured. Not all AG-E isolates had the same number of nuclei in their cells: one group among these fungi produced cells with a diverse number of nuclei, usually 3; however, this number ranged from 2 to 4, making the average number of nuclei close to 3. It can be assumed that all isolates with three nuclei belong to this group, which may greatly facilitate the preliminary identification of binucleate isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. belonging to AG-E. This feature may also be a prerequisite for the separation of a new subgroup within AG-E, a subgroup of trinucleate strains (AG-E-3n). The thiamine requirement is not helpful in classifying and describing the AG-E strains.
Investigation of land use and land cover dynamics, drivers, and their consequences in south-central Ethiopia, with special emphasis on the contrasting agro-ecological settings of the Satame and Legabora watersheds
Authors: Mariye Mehari , Jianhua Li , Maryo Melesse , Tsegaye Gedion , Yigez Belayneh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Identifying the causes and drivers of land change is one of the main objectives of the land use and cover change investigation. Land use and cover change data are crucial for managing water resources and land preservation. This study examined the trends, driving factors, and implications of land use and land cover dynamics in contrasting agro-ecologies to provide empirical evidence about increases and losses in land use classes. Landsat images of MSS (1976), TM (1991 and 2001), ETM+ (2011), and OLI (2022) were used to study LULC dynamics. To identify the potential driving forces and impacts, field observations, discussions with key informants, analysis of land use policy, and focus group discussions (FGDs) were undertaken. The analysis of remote sensing data revealed that there was an increasing tendency for croplands, settlements, and forest lands at the expense of grasslands and shrublands. In Satame, shrub land and grassland decreased annually by –128.7 and –139.9 ha per year, while grassland and shrub cover reduced annually by –248.2 and –144.5 ha per year in Legabora, respectively. The Local communities perceived agricultural expansion, population growth, settlement expansion, and poverty as the main drivers of LULC changes, while deforestation, land degradation, low production and loss of biodiversity were the major consequences. From this study, it can be inferred that LULC has undergone significant changes over the past 45 years, with both positive and negative impacts. Hence, this study provides a foundation for land management policies and strategies in this watershed and other watersheds facing similar problems.
Absence of post-treatment changes in sentinel lymph nodes does not translate into increased regional recurrence rate in initially node positive breast cancer patients
Authors: Pislar Nina , Gasljevic Gorana , Ratosa Ivica , Kovac Anja , Zgajnar Janez , Perhavec Andraz 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To determine whether the absence of post-treatment changes in the negative sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in the neoadjuvant setting for biopsy-proven cN+ disease results in an increased regional recurrence (RR) rate in patients after SLN biopsy (SLNB) only.
Methods: Breast cancer patients with biopsy-proven cN+ disease who converted to node-negative disease after neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NAST) and underwent SLNB only were included. Retrospective analysis was performed for patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2021. Patohistological specimens were reviewed for the presence of post-treatment changes in the SLNs. Patients with negative SLNs (ypN0) were divided into 2 groups: i) with post-treatment changes, ii) without post-treatment changes. Patients' characteristics were compared between groups. Crude RR rates were compared using the log-rank test. Recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort were calculated using Kaplan-Meier.
Results: Of 437 patients with cN+ disease, 95 underwent SLNB only. 82 were ypN0, 57 with post-treatment changes (group 1), 30 without post-treatment changes (group 2). During the median follow-up of 37 months (range 6–148), 1 isolated regional recurrence occurred in group 2 (RR rate 0% for group 1 vs. 4% for group 2, p=0.167). 3-year RFS and 3-year OS were 90.2% and 96.3%, respectively.
Conclusion: Absent post-treatment changes in negative SLNs for biopsy-proven cN+ disease that covert to node-negative after NAST did not result in increased regional recurrence rates in our cohort. Multidisciplinary input is essential to determine whether additional treatment is needed in these patients.
Caspase 8 protects pancreatic neoplasia from KRAS-driven necroptotic priming
Authors: Tishina Sofya , Dahlhaus Alina , Androulidaki Ariadne , Kotliar Michael , Mulalic Lejla , Rakhsh-Khorshid Hassan , Hocher Florian , Stroh Jenny , Beck Julia , Manik Marta , Williams Riley , Gülcüler Gülce , Abdallah Ali , Bebber Christina , Reese Moritz , Lim Jonathan , Trauzold Anna , Quaas Alexander , Brägelmann Johannes , Beleggia Filippo , Pasparakis Manolis , Liccardi Gianmaria , Balachandran Siddharth , Astsaturov Igor , Von Karstedt Silvia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Caspase 8 regulates normal tissue homeostasis by executing apoptosis and protecting from necroptosis. Several aggressive cancers express high levels of caspase 8, yet its function in neoplastic disease remains poorly explored. Here, we find that oncogenic KRAS-driven neoplastic transformation induces a transcriptional state of necroptotic priming, but necroptosis itself is kept in check by co-upregulation of caspase 8. Mice in which caspase 8 is deleted in the pancreas manifested a drastic decrease in precursor lesion formation in a KRASG12D-driven model of pancreatic cancer. Co-deletion of the essential necroptosis effector MLKL reversed the protective effects of caspase 8 ablation, and promoted metastasis. Mechanistically, oncogenic KRAS induced a STING-dependent type I interferon response, resulting in upregulation of necroptosis pathway components. High caspase 8 expression in precursor lesions was a result of co-selection to prevent necroptosis. Therefore, triggering necroptosis by blocking caspase 8 activity was therapeutically highly efficacious in models of genetically engineered PDAC in vivo. These results assign a tumor-protective function to caspase 8 in PDAC and show that overcoming caspase 8 activity has therapeutic benefit in this incurable malignancy.
Protective effects of butorphanol in oleic acid-endotoxin “two-hit” induced rat lung injury by suppression of inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Zheng Yanlei , Hu Ronghua , Hu Jinrong , Feng Lina , Li Shi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Butorphanol is widely used as an anesthetic drug, whether butorphanol could reduce organ injury and protecting lung tissue is unknown. This study explored the effects of butorphanol on ALI and investigated its underlying mechanisms. We established a “two-hit” rat model and “two-hit” cell model to prove our hypothesis. Rats were divided into four groups [control, “two-hit” (OA + LPS), “two-hit” + butorphanol (4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg) (OA + LPS + B1 and OA + LPS + B2)]. RPMVE cells were divided into four groups [control, “two-hit” (OA + LPS), “two-hit” + butorphanol (4 µM and 8 µM) (OA + LPS + 4 µM and OA + LPS + 8 µM)]. Inflammatory injury was assessed by the histopathology and W/D ratio, inflammatory cytokines, and arterial blood gas analysis. Apoptosis was assessed by Western blotting and flow cytometry. The effect of NF-κB p65 was detected by ELISA. Butorphanol could relieve the “two-hit” induced lung injury, the expression of TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, and improve lung ventilation. In addition, butorphanol decreased Bax and cleaved caspase-3, increased an antiapoptotic protein (Bcl-2), and inhibited the “two-hit” cell apoptosis ratio. Moreover, butorphanol suppressed NF-κB p65 activity in rat lung injury. Our research showed that butorphanol may attenuate “two-hit”-induced lung injury by regulating the activity of NF-κB p65, which may supply more evidence for ALI treatment.
Dual role of striatal astrocytes in behavioral flexibility and metabolism in the context of obesity
Authors: Montalban Enrica , Chao Daniela Herrera Moro , Ansoult Anthony , Pham Cuong , Contini Andrea , Castel Julien , Hassouna Rim , Hardonk Marene , Petitbon Anna , Foppen Ewout , Gangarossa Giuseppe , Trifilieff Pierre , Li Dongdong , Martin Claire , Luquet Serge 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Brain circuits involved in metabolic control and reward-associated behaviors are potent drivers of feeding behavior and are both dramatically altered in obesity, a multifactorial disease resulting from genetic and environmental factors. In both mice and humans, exposure to calorie-dense food has been associated with increased astrocytes reactivity and pro-inflammatory response in the brain. Although our understanding of how astrocytes regulate brain circuits has recently flourish, whether and how striatal astrocytes contribute in regulating food-related behaviors and whole-body metabolism is still unknown. In this study, we show that exposure to enriched food leads to profound changes in neuronal activity and synchrony. Chemogenetic manipulation of astrocytes activity in the dorsal striatum was sufficient to restore the defect in flexible behaviors induced by obesity, while manipulation of astrocytes in the nucleus accumbens led to acute change in whole-body substrate utilization and energy expenditure. Altogether, this work reveals a yet unappreciated role for striatal astrocyte as a direct operator of reward-driven behavior and metabolic control.
Guideline Adherence for Cardiometabolic Monitoring of Patients Prescribed Antipsychotic Medications in UK primary care: A Retrospective Observational study
Authors: Ali Ruba Saleh Azfr , Jalal Zahraa , Johal Jaspal , Paudyal Vibhu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The adverse effects of antipsychotics on cardiometabolic function are well documented despite their known effectiveness. Despite guidelines promoting routine monitoring, practices appear to be suboptimal.
Aim
The present study investigated the level of adherence to guidelines for cardiovascular and metabolic monitoring among healthcare professionals in primary care and factors that may influence monitoring patterns.
Method
Data were collected for patients with mental illness and prescribed antipsychotics at two general practices in England (February 2016-February 2021). The main outcome measures were the proportion of patients with evidence of monitoring for cardiometabolic parameters (body compositions, anthropometrics, lipids, glucose outcomes). Regression analysis was used to explore the factors predicting the monitoring practices.
Results
Data from 497 patients were included. The proportion of patients receiving cardiometabolic monitoring at least once yearly varied across different parameters. Patients were mostly monitored for BP (92%), body weight (BMI; >85%) and HDL (72%), but to a lesser extent for other lipid parameters (non-HDL ≈ 2%) and blood glucose (≈ 2%). Old age (OR:2.0–7.0, p < 0.001) and chronic conditions (e.g., CVD and DM, p < 0.05) were associated with cardiometabolic monitoring. Conversely, high metabolic risks antipsychotics (olanzapine), antipsychotic polypharmacy and cardiometabolic dysregulations (e.g., dyslipidaemias) did not improve monitoring practices.
Conclusions
Cardiometabolic health monitoring was generally infrequent, irregular, and did not change in response to abnormal test results or antipsychotic treatment with high cardiometabolic risks, suggesting more efforts need to be made to ensure the guidelines for cardiometabolic monitoring are followed. Monitoring Practices need to be evaluated across more general practices in the UK.
Systemic biochemical changes in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) against Rhizoctonia solani by kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L.) green manure application
Authors: Rodríguez Víctor M. , Velasco Pablo , Cartea María Elena , Poveda Jorge 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In the search for new alternatives to avoid the problems associated with the use of chemical fungicides in agriculture, the use of green manure (GrM) could help to combat fungal diseases of crops, such as those produced by the necrotrophic pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. In the case of the use of brassica-tissues as GrM, could have an elicitor capacity of systemic plant resistance.
Results
We used kale-leaves as GrM and applied to pepper plants infected with R. solani. Application of freeze-dried kale-tissues to roots of pepper plants produced a systemic activation of foliar defenses via the salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene (ET) pathways, significantly reducing pathogen damage. In addition, this systemic response led to the accumulation of secondary defense metabolites in leaves, such as pipecolic acid, hydroxycoumarin or gluconic acid, among others. Remarkably, pepper plants treated with lyophilized kale-GrM accumulate glucosinolates when infected with R. solani. We also confirm that autoclaving removed part of the glucobrassicin (GBS) (85%) and sinigrin (19%) content of the kale-tissues.
Conclusions
GrM kale-tissues are able to activate systemic defenses in bell pepper against foliar pathogens through SA/ET hormonal pathways, accumulating secondary defense metabolites.
Single-Center Experience with Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis and Balloon Angioplasty for Acute Upper-Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Case Series Study
Authors: Jenab Yaser , Tofighi Saeed , Ayati Aryan , Rezvanimehr Ali , Moosavi Najme-sadat , Jalaie Houman , Barbati Mohammad Esmaeil 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Effective treatment of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is crucial to prevent further complications. Various treatments, including percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT), catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT), decompression surgery, and venoplasty are suggested for UEDVT. However, no prospective study has yet favored any of these treatments. This study presents a review of our experience with CDT followed by balloon venoplasty in patients with acute primary UEDVT.
Methods
We enrolled all patients diagnosed with acute UEDVT from January 2020 to June 2021. Subjects with UEDVT due to secondary causes like malignancies, indwelling catheters, or leads were excluded. CDT was performed through brachial vein access, using a perfusion catheter, and rt-PA administration. Balloon venoplasty was performed if the treated segment had severe stenosis >50% after CDT. Patients were followed up at the vein clinic for any signs and symptoms in the upper extremity and lifestyle changes. Follow-up ultrasonography was done 12 months after discharge.
Results
Twelve patients with a mean age of 41.08 ± 14.0 were included in the study. The mean duration of CDT was 25.00±10.56 hours. After CDT, all patients had more than 50% stenosis, with seven having total occlusion. However, after balloon venoplasty, no patient had significant (more than 50%) stenosis. There was no serious complication after both procedures. Patients were followed up for a mean duration of twelve months after their admission, with a mean time of maintenance anticoagulation was 10.73±5.77 months. Only one patient had recurrent symptoms in his target limb, while the rest were free of symptoms in their treated extremity. No subject developed pulmonary emboli (PE) during admission or the follow-up period. There was no evidence of hospital readmission for any reason. Upper extremity color-doppler sonography of the patients at twelve months after their procedure showed normal venous flow without any significant stenosis in 8 (66.7%), and partially normal flow with patent target vein in 4 (33.3%) patients.
Conclusions
CDT followed by balloon venoplasty may be an effective treatment for selected patients with acute primary UEDVT, providing desirable long-term results and potentially avoiding the need for decompression surgery in the short or long term.
Are Youtube videos useful for students about Neurocranium Bones Anatomy?
Authors: Cuglan Songül , Gas Selin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the content, quality and functionality of YouTube videos on the anatomy of Neurocranium bones and to measure educational usefullness of the videos.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, searches were made using the keywords "Neurocranium bones" and "Skull anatomy" in the YouTube search tab. Demographic data such as type, source, duration, upload date, and view rates of the videos were recorded. The quality and content of the videos were evaluated using the total content score (TCS), modified DISCERN scale, JAMA and Global Quality Scale (GQS). SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.
Results
A statistically significant high correlation was observed between the GQS scores and the DISCERN scores (r = 0.813, p < 0.001). There was a high statistically significant positive correlation between the total content score and GQS (r = 0.887, p < 0.001) and between total content score and modified DISCERN (r = 0.691, p < 0.001). Also, there was a statistically significant positive moderate correlation between GQS scores and JAMA scores (r = 0.507, p < 0.05). A statistically significant moderate correlation was observed between JAMA and DISCERN scores (r = 0.521, p < 0.001), video length (r = 0,416, p < 0,05), comments (r = 0,457, p < 0,05), likes (r = 0,608, p < 0,001). There was a moderate statistically significant positive correlation between total content score and JAMA (r = 0,431, p < 0,05).
Conclusion
The majority of YouTube videos have insufficient information on neurocranium bones in the medical and dental school curriculum. Anatomists and institutions should be encouraged to prepare and present YouTube videos with assessment systems such as DISCERN, JAMA, GQS, and TCS in line with the current anatomy education curriculum.