bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 experiences of social isolation and loneliness among older adults in Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi , Wister Andrew , Pickering John 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveSocial isolation and loneliness (SI/L) are considered critical public health issues. The primary objective of this scoping review is to document the experience of SI/L among older adults in Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic, given research gaps in this area. We identified the reasons for SI/L, the effects of SI/L, SI/L coping strategies, and research and policy gaps in SI/L experiences among older adults in Africa during COVID-19.MethodsSix databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Ageline) were used to identify studies reporting the experiences of SI/L among older adults in Africa during the COVID-19 lockdown. We adopted the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).ResultsSocial isolation and loneliness due to COVID-19 in Africa affected older adults' mental, communal, spiritual, financial, and physical health. The use of technology was vital, as was the role of social networks within the family, community, religious groups, and government. Methodological challenges include the risk of selective survival bias, sampling biases, and limited inductive value due to context. Also, lack of large-scale mixed methods longitudinal studies to capture the experiences of older adults during COVID-19. There were essential policy gaps for African mental health support services, media programs, and community care service integration targeting older adults in the era of the COVID-19 lockdown.DiscussionLike in other countries, COVID-19 lockdown policies and the lockdown restrictions primarily caused the experience of SI/L among older adults in Africa. In African countries, they resulted in a severance of older adults from the cultural structure of care for older adults and their familial support systems. Weak government intervention, personal situations, challenges regarding technology, and detachment from daily activities, disproportionately affected older adults in Africa.
Translumbar type II endoleak embolization with a new liquid iodinated polyvinyl alcohol polymer: Case series and review of current literature
Authors: Leati Giovanni , Di Bartolomeo Francesco , Maffi Gabriele , Boccalon Luca , Diaco Domenico , Segalini Edoardo , Spinazzola Angelo 
Published: May 2023

PurposeTo describe our experience with the use of a novel iodized Polyvinyl Alcohol Polymer liquid agent (Easyx) in type II endoleak treatment with translumbar approach.MethodsOur case series is a retrospective review of patients with type II endoleak (T2E) treated with Easyx from December 2017 to December 2020. Indication for treatment was a persistent T2E with an increasing aneurysm sac ≥5 mm on computed tomography angiography (CTA) over a 6-month interval. Technical success was defined as the embolization of the endoleak nidus with reduction or elimination of the T2E on sequent CTA evaluation. Clinical success was defined as an unchanged or decreased aneurysm sac on follow-up CTA. Secondary endpoints included the presence of artifacts in the postprocedural cross-sectional tomographic imaging and post and intraprocedural complications.ResultsTen patients were included in our retrospective analysis. All T2E were successfully embolized. Clinical success was achieved in 9 out of 10 patients (90%). The mean follow-up was 14 3–20 months. No beam hardening artifact was observed in follow-up CT providing unaltered imaging.ConclusionEasyx is a novel liquid embolic agent with lava-like characteristics and unaltered visibility on subsequent CT examinations. In our initial experience, Easyx showed to have all the efficacy requisites to be an embolization agent for type II EL management. Its efficacy, however, should be evaluated in more extensive studies and eventually compared with other agents.
Contextual determinants influencing the implementation of fall prevention in the community: a scoping review
Authors: van Scherpenseel M. C. , te Velde S. J. , Veenhof C. , Emmelot-Vonk M. H. , Barten J. A. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundSuccessful implementation of multifactorial fall prevention interventions (FPIs) is essential to reduce increasing fall rates in community-dwelling older adults. However, implementation often fails due to the complex context of the community involving multiple stakeholders within and across settings, sectors, and organizations. As there is a need for a better understanding of the occurring context-related challenges, the current scoping review purposes to identify what contextual determinants (i.e., barriers and facilitators) influence the implementation of FPIs in the community.MethodsA scoping review was performed using the Arksey and O'Malley framework. First, electronic databases (Pubmed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO) were searched. Studies that identified contextual determinants that influence the implementation of FPIs in the community were included. Second, to both validate the findings from the literature and identify complementary determinants, health and social care professionals were consulted during consensus meetings (CMs) in four districts in the region of Utrecht, the Netherlands. Data were analyzed following a directed qualitative content analysis approach, according to the 39 constructs of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.ResultsFourteen relevant studies were included and 35 health and social care professionals (such as general practitioners, practice nurses, and physical therapists) were consulted during four CMs. Directed qualitative content analysis of the included studies yielded determinants within 35 unique constructs operating as barriers and/or facilitators. The majority of the constructs (n = 21) were identified in both the studies and CMs, such as “networks and communications”, “formally appointed internal implementation leaders”, “available resources” and “patient needs and resources”. The other constructs (n = 14) were identified only in the .DiscussionFindings in this review show that a wide array of contextual determinants are essential in achieving successful implementation of FPIs in the community. However, some determinants are considered important to address, regardless of the context where the implementation occurs. Such as accounting for time constraints and financial limitations, and considering the needs of older adults. Also, broad cross-sector collaboration and coordination are required in multifactorial FPIs. Additional context analysis is always an essential part of implementation efforts, as contexts may differ greatly, requiring a locally tailored approach.
Development and validation of a clinical cure marker based on negative lymph nodes for gastric cancer after gastrectomy
Authors: Xie Jiebin , Zhang Yuan , He Ming , Liu Xu , Dong Jing , Wang Pan , Pang Yueshan 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo explore lymph node (LN)-related derived indicators as clinical cure markers for gastric cancer (GC) after gastrectomy.MethodsData of resected GC patients were extracted from the SEER database and our own department. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the baseline differences between the clinical cure and the nonclinical cure groups. The area under the curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to choose the optimal marker, and survival analysis was used to validate the clinical value of the most effective marker.ResultsAfter PSM, the differences in age, sex, race, location, surgical type, and histologic type between the two groups were significantly reduced (all P &gt; 0.05), and the AUCs of examined LNs (ELNs), negative LNs (NLNs), ESR (ELNs/tumor size), ETR (ELNs/T-stage), NSR (NLNs/tumor size), NTR (NLNs/T-stage), EPR (ELNs/PLNs) and NPR (NLNs/PLNs) were 0.522, 0.625, 0.622, 0.692, 0.706, 0.751, 7.43, and 7.50, respectively. When NTR was 5.9, the Youden index of 0.378 was the highest. The sensitivity and specificity were 67.5% and 70.3% in the training group and 66.79% and 67.8% in the validation group, respectively. DCA showed that NTR had the largest net clinical benefit, and patients with NTR greater than 5.9 had significantly prolonged overall survival in our own cohort.ConclusionNLNs, NTR, NSR, ESR, ETR, NPR and EPR can be used as clinical cure markers. However, NTR was the most effective, and the best cutoff value was 5.9.
Factors Associated With Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among School-Aged Children From a High Prevalence Area in Vietnam
Authors: Che Thai Hoang , Nguyen Tu Cam , Vu Vy Ngoc Thao , Nguyen Hiep Thanh , Hoang Dung Thi Phuong , Ngo Xuan Minh , Truong Dinh Quang , Bontems Patrick , Robert Annie , Nguyen Phuong Ngoc Van 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: The study aimed to identify prevalence of H. pylori infection and associated risk factors among pupils of Ho Chi Minh city (HCMC).Methods: A total of 1,476 pupils aged 6–15 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study using multiple-stage sampling method. Infection status was assessed using stool antigen-test. A questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors. Logistic regression was performed to assess possible factors related to the infection.Results: Of the 1,409 children included in the analysis, 49.2% were male and 95.8% were of Kinh ethnicity. About 43.5% of parents completed college or university. The overall prevalence of H. pylori was 87.7%. Infrequency of handwashing with soap after toilet, the use of only water to clean after toilet, crowded living areas, larger family size, and younger age were independently contributing to an increased prevalence of H. pylori.Conclusion:H. pylori infection is highly prevalent in HCMC, and is associated with poor hygienic practices, crowded living areas, larger family size, and younger age. These findings highlight the importance of fecal-oral route and the attribution of crowded living conditions to the spreading of H. pylori in HCMC. Therefore, preventive programs should be set up with a focus on education of hygiene practices, and oriented to those living in crowded conditions.
La réforme régionale comme stratégie économique et politique
Authors: Cobbett William , Glaser Dary , Hindson Doug 
Published: May 2023

South Africa's regional political economy : a critical analysis of reform strategy in the 1980's.
The authors develop a critical analysis of the emerging reformist regional strategy of the South African government. New controls on labour movement and settlements (termed «orderly urbanization»), regional development policies, through die creation of déconcentration points and industrial development points, and local and second tier of government reforms, are the three major components of this reform process. Subsequent constitutional changes are examined, together with the federal option, as it could be prefigured in the new organization of Natal/KwaZulu. The strategy is shown as a means of preventing profound changes in the distribution of power in the country.
L’Afrique dans le jeu alimentaire mondial : fragile et perdante !
Authors: Chalmin Philippe 
Published: May 2023

Africa in the international food game : fragil and losing !
What are continental Africa’s chances for success in the world’s food game ? Very small. What are Africa’s chances of selling the products for which it has comparative advantage at appropriate prices ? Very slim, in relation to the saturation of pratically every market. What are Africa’s choices ? Sorghum over cacao, reconquest of the domestic food market, and diversification of exportable resources.
Le riz : politique des prix et relance de la production (Cameroun, Côte d'Ivoire, Madagascar et Sénégal).
Authors: Phélinas Pascale 
Published: May 2023

Rice : price politics and production revival.
Price authenticity is one of the tenets of structural adjustment politics. The example of rice shows that this «real price» is very difficult to discern, perfect concurrence being non-existent. Therefore it is not surprising that the effectiveness of price politics depends upon numerous preconditions.
Violence et pouvoir en Afrique
Authors: Prunier Gérard 
Published: May 2023

Violence and history in Africa.
Beyond any value judgement, violence is a transcultural trait in most state formation processes. Colonisation stopped abruptly state-creating processes on the african continent and then hoped to hand over peaceful structures to the new states at the time of indépendance. Social cleavage lines in modem african proto-nations often bring violent challenges to existing state structures. Tragic as they may be, they are not automatically destructive in the long run. The problem today is that of the meaning of violence rather than that of its possible containment.
Les mouvements sociaux en Amérique latine : quel enseignement pour l’Afrique ?
Authors: Huizer Gerrit 
Published: May 2023

Social movments in Latin America : what lessons for Africa ?
Social movements, particularly those of peasants, have proliferated in Latin America more than in Africa (with exception of Kenya, Algeria and Zimbabwe) probably because the impact of (internal) colonialism has been more blatant. Destruction of the agricultural life support systems of the indigenous peasants led to massively organized peasant movements or rebellions in Mexico, Bolivia, Brazil and Cuba to achieve land reform. Presently the process of peasant mobilization, now enhanced even by the Churches, is hindered or blocked with foreign support (often CIA), in the interest of local and global power elites.
Familles dans la crise et politiques de population en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Locoh Thérèse 
Published: May 2023

Si les sociétés africaines ont, jusqu’à maintenant, préservé les normes favorables à une nombreuse descendance, c’est parce que les conditions socio-économiques rendaient ce choix nécessaire. Vont-elles remettre en cause leurs normes de valeurs familiales et revoir à la baisse leurs aspirations en matière de descendances ? C’est ce que, sans toujours le dire, escomptent certains organismes internationaux qui attendent de la crise dramatique des économies africaines une prise de conscience de la nécessité d’un contrôle de la croissance démographique.
Certes, les gouvernements africains tiennent un discours plus favorable qu’auparavant sur le nécessaire contrôle de la croissance démographique; mais au-delà des prises de position officielles, qu’en est-il des véritables décideurs que sont les familles ? Vont-elles modifier leurs comportements ? Leurs conditions de vie quotidiennes sont-elles favorables à une aspiration plus affirmée au contrôle de leur fécondité ? Plus qu’une incitation à la diminution des descendances, la crise ne va-t-elle pas avoir des effets désastreux sur le niveau sanitaire des populations ? De la réponse à ces questions dépend l’évolution démographique, à court et moyen terme, de l’Afrique.
Le régicide ambigu ou mouvement de 1991 vu de Tamatave
Authors: Fanomezantsoa Anselme 
Published: May 2023

The ambigous regicide or the 1991 movement seen from Tamatave.
In 1991, the province of Tamatave was far from forming a single unity identified to D. Ratsiraka as to the local native. Only the south stood out by its loyalism compared to a clearly hostile northern part. Even in Tamatave, it zoos from the largely pauperized middle class that most of the demonstrators came (minor civil servants, small planters and the wage earners). The middle class organized in a great deal of association : especially religious and ethnical ones. The demonstrators made it possible to operate a junction with the students. The local Committee of the «Forces Vives» which was set up lacked political culture, couldn’t make its claims meet those of the national level and as a result was responsible for a lot of heteroclite and violent action. One should also notice the absence of society blue print.
La constitution de la Troisième République malgache
Authors: Cadoux Charles 
Published: May 2023

The constitution of the Madagascan Third Republic.
The constitutional text of the third republic reminds of the first one without reverting to it. To set up a legal state, the constitution re-establishes bicameralism and a parliamentary government after the deviation into presidentship and the Charter of the socialist revolution which created almost a People’s republic. It was conceived by a National Forum and submitted to referun-dum for adoption (august, 19th 1992). There was a light participation to the elections for the legislative assembly due to weariness after the Presidential election and to a very complex ballot system. Nevertheless the stake of the General election was on principle more important than that of the election of a president with limited powers. The outcome of this cohabition is unknown.
Análise do consumidor de produtos e subprodutos caprinos e ovinos na cidade de Parnamirim-PE
Authors: Barros Ilaiane Barbosa Matias , Santos Girlene Cordeiro de Lima , Cabral Ana Maria Duarte , Da Silva Lucas do Vale Duarte , Terto Gabriel da Silva , Araújo Bruno William , Da Silva Williana Guimarães , Albuquerque Hidelberg Oliveira 
Published: May 2023

Para que o mercado de produtos da caprinovinocultura se desenvolva, é de extrema importância conhecer a percepção dos consumidores, contudo de forma geral, há poucos dados sobre o consumo e os aspectos relacionados à compra desses produtos. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer o comportamento dos consumidores dos produtos e subprodutos oriundos de caprinos e ovinos no município de Parnamirim – PE. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2020 por meio de entrevistas, com uma parcela de 2,3% da população de Parnamirim-PE, o que corresponde a 472 pessoas, essa amostragem foi feita de forma aleatória, independente do gênero, idades e status sociais, em horários e datas diferentes. Os entrevistados foram abordados principalmente no centro da cidade onde possui o maior fluxo de pessoas, devido a presença da feira de animais e do comércio local. Para as entrevistas, foi estruturado um questionário com 36 perguntas de múltipla escolha, com as quais foram abordados os diversos aspectos do consumo de produtos e subprodutos da caprinovinocultura e para a execução da pesquisa o questionário foi implantado no aplicativo Easy research, feito especialmente para esse tipo de pesquisa, e que pode ser instalado em dispositivos móveis (smartphone) do pesquisador. Os dados obtidos foram lançados diretamente para a plataforma do administrador, calculadas as frequências absoluta e relativa e apresentados os resultados. Foram obtidos os parâmetros referentes a predominância no consumo da carne caprina e ovina pelos consumidores da zona urbana (64,2%), mulheres (51,9%), pessoas com o ensino médio (35,6%), com a renda familiar até um salário mínimo, contendo de quatro ou mais integrantes na família, e com uma faixa etária entre 31- 40 anos; o preparo dos produtos cárneos são mais aceitos quando assada (38,7%), frita (30,8%) ou cozida (28,9%); enquanto os produtos lácteos são mais aceitos como leite em pó 56%, leite in natura pasteurizado 29%, in natura cru 10%, queijos como o coalho (65%) e manteiga (29%). Conclui-se que o mercado da caprinovinocultura tem um grande potencial de crescimento na cidade de Parnamirim-PE, contudo, deve haver incentivos para aumentar o consumo, através de divulgações da qualidade nutricional e do benefício que os produtos caprinos e ovinos promovem a saúde humana.
Surdez súbita bilateral em paciente com Doença de Behçet: relato de caso
Authors: Maldi Isabela Gomes , De Araújo Pedro Ivo Machado Pires , Braz Lucas da Silva , Macêdo Cárita Lopes , De Melo Júlia Ramos , Lamounier Pauliana , Ramos Hugo Valter Lisboa , Costa Claudiney Candido 
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A Doença de Behçet corresponde a uma patologia de caráter autoimune, frequentemente, essa doença é diagnosticada a partir da tríade dos seguintes sintomas: inflamações oculares, úlceras genitais e úlceras orais, ou, pela presença de lesões de pele e teste de patergia positivo. Relato de caso: Paciente de 47 anos, sexo masculino apresentou perda auditiva do tipo sensorineural bilateral, com história de úlceras orais recidivantes e quadro de meningite associado a artrite na adolescência. Na ocasião foi submetido a exames laboratoriais, audiométricos, tomografia e ressonância magnéticas de crânio. Apresentou positividade fraca dos anticorpos anti-cocleares e teste de patergia positivo. O paciente recebeu o diagnóstico de doença de Behçet e tratamento adequado. Discussão: As manifestações otorrinolaringológicas, apesar de raras, podem estar presentes no quadro sintomático do paciente portador de doença autoimune, dificultando o diagnóstico pelos especialistas. No caso da Doença de Behçet, a fisiopatologia está relacionada a vasculite de vasos da orelha interna que progridem com isquemia e alterações neuropáticas e consequentemente, perda auditiva do tipo sensorineural. Conclusão: As disacusias sensorineurais podem estar relacionadas as doenças imunomediadas e é importante realizar o rastreio dessas patologias pelo seu caráter de acometimento sistêmico e ampla sintomatologia.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI TURUNAN FUNGSI ALJABAR DENGAN PENDEKATAN PEDATI MELALUI APLIKASI GOOGLE CLASSROOM
Authors: Rachmatiyah Rachmatiyah 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran blended dapat meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika pada Materi Turunan Fungsi Aljabar di Kelas XI Akuntansi dan Keuangan Lembaga 3 SMK Negeri 1 Tarakan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Akuntansi dan Keuangan Lembaga 3 SMK Negeri 1 Tarakan yang berjumlah 34 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 3 pertemuan, dengan alokasi waktu untuk satu kali pertemuan selama 2 x 45 menit. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dan analisis data temuan dari kelas atas implementasi pendekatan blended alur PEDATI melalui tahapan PTK, tahapan perencanaan (kualitatif), pelaksanaan (kualitatif) sebaran lembar obervasi, hasil tes (kuantitatif). Hasil analisis data, diperoleh bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan blended alur PEDATI di kelas Akuntansi dan Keuangan Lembaga 3 SMK Negeri 1 Tarakan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa ditandai dengan peningkatan persentase hasil belajar dari siklus I sampai siklus II.Pada siklus I persentase hasil belajar siswa 64,71%, sedangkan pada siklus II sebesar 91,18%. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh maka penelitian tindakan kelas menggunakan pendekatan blended alur PEDATI pada materi turunan Fungsi Aljabar dihentikan pada siklus II karena telah memenuhi indikator hasil belajar yaitu 80% telah memenuhi Kriteria ketuntasan Minimal, dengan persentasi aktifitas siswa 86% (sangat aktif), aktifitas mengajar Guru rerata 3,5 pada kategori sangat baik.