bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flood Management: Solving Conformance or Sweep Efficiency Problems: Part 1
Authors: Smith David 
Published: May 2023

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Since the advent of secondary recovery mechanisms, waterflooding or gas displacement, the oil industry has suffered from a variety of problems that yield inefficient displacement of hydrocarbon fluids during flooding. The industry has also suffered from a very low success rate at correcting these poor sweep efficiency problems. The first three articles in this series are designed to enhance our ability to identify, characterize, solve, and evaluate performance of solutions applied to conformance or sweep efficiency problems. This process structure will allow us to discuss key elements that should generate a higher success rate in solving conformance problems. Part 1 of this series focuses on candidate selection and problem clarification or problem understanding which are the first two elements of Fig 1.

Overview
The process wheel shown in Fig. 1 is used to identify the steps most production engineering companies take as they work through their conformance or sweep efficiency problems. This provides a basis by which we can discuss the various elements of solving these problems. The companies I have worked for chose to call this “conformance engineering.” Let’s define conformance engineering as: The process of utilizing reservoir and wellbore information to understand the flood performance and then use that understanding to adjust aspects of the flood which results in improved oil recovery.
That is the working definition this series of articles will use for conformance engineering. I think we can all agree that this includes a large variety of sweep efficiency problems. These range from deep reservoir displacement fluid control issues to near-wellbore control issues and every combination of these elements. This includes issues for controlling displacing fluids at the injector or the producer.
We can also use this to understand and characterize human-induced floods vs. natural processes. Strong water aquifer drives have the same displacement mechanisms as waterflooding. They have significant differences to elements like the pressure source, which is broad for aquifer drive and a very specific point source of pressure for pattern floods. In addition, a strong aquifer drive utilizes gravity segregation to enhance the efficiency of the drive where a pattern waterflood can suffer from gravity underrun. This is one of the reasons a peripheral waterflood can be a very effective secondary recovery process. We also consider fields where natural gas cap expansion drives oil displacement. In some fields, the gas cap is supported by gas reinjection. Prudhoe Bay is a prime example where there is no market for natural gas, so gas reinjection into the gas cap and gas cap expansion becomes a strong recovery mechanism for this field.
For the sake of this JPT article series we will consider any flood process whether natural or induced to be part of flood management basics.
Effect of dentin surface conditions and curing mode of resin cement on the dentin bond strength for an indirect restoration
Authors: Son Sung-Ae , Kim Jae-Hoon , Seo Deog-Gyu , Park Jeong-Kil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: During the cementation of indirect restorations, the conditions of the dentin surface and dentin adhesive's curing technique that affect the adhesion between dentin and an indirect restoration are essential issues for clinicians. This study investigates the effects of dentin's wetness, roughness, and curing modes of resin cement on bond strength when using universal adhesives for the cementation of indirect restorations.
Methods: Forty human teeth were divided into eight groups according to three experimental factors: 1) dentin's roughness achieved by 250-or 600-grit Silicon-carbide (SiC) paper (coarse or fine), 2) dentin wetness with an air-drying time (5-s or 10-s), and 3) Single Bond Universal adhesive's curing mode by co-curing with RelyX Ultimate resin cement or light-curing separately after applying the adhesive(co-curing or light-curing). After resin discs were cemented with RelyX Ultimate, the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) was measured (n = 15 each). The failure mode and adhesive layers were observed using stereoscopic and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
Results: The roughness of the dentin surface did not significantly affect the bond strength (p > 0.05), and the curing mode of dentin adhesive and the 5-s drying group of dentin had significant effects on bond strength (p < 0.05). Light-curing groups and 5-s drying groups showed significantly higher bond strength than co-curing groups (p < 0.05), and 10-s drying groups (p < 0.05), respectively.
Conclusions: When using Single Bond Universal adhesive and RelyX Ultimate resin cement, the light curing mode, in which the adhesive and resin cement is light-cured, showed higher bond strength than the co-curing mode. The bond strength between the resin cement and dentin was improved in the 5-s drying groups than in the 10-s drying groups.
Neuroprotective effect and possible mechanism of edaravone in rat models of spinal cord injury: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao-bo , Zhou Long-yun , Chen Xu-qing , Li Ran , Yu Bin-bin , Pan Meng-xiao , Fang Lu , Li Jian , Cui Xue-jun , Yao Min , Lu Xiao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most disabling and devastating neurological conditions, afflicting individuals and societies widely. Edaravone, a well-known synthetic ROS scavenger, is approved in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In recent years, the role of edaravone in the treatment of SCI has been investigated in a growing number of studies.
Methods: The systematic review will include the controlled studies evaluating the neurological roles of edaravone on experiment rat models following SCI. The primary outcome is the 21-point Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale, and preservation of white matter areas and malondialdehyde will be employed as the secondary outcomes. Two researchers will search PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library from their inception date independently. Following study selection, data extraction, and assessment of methodological quality in the included studies using the SYRCLE’s RoB tool, data from eligible studies will be pooled and analyzed using random‑effects models with RevMan 5.3 software. In case of sufficient data, subgroup analyses with respect to species, age, sex, duration of intervention, dose or route of administration will be carried out to explore the factors modifying on BBB scores. For exploring the appropriate dose of edaravone, a network meta-analysis approach will be conducted based on the Bayesian method. Importantly, the proposed mechanisms and changes of related molecules will be also extracted from included studies for comprehensively investigating the neuroprotective mechanism behind edaravone.
Discussion: In this study, we will quantitatively analyze the role of edaravone in locomotor recovery and tissue damage in SCI rat model. Besides, the efficacy of edaravone in distinct scenarios will be investigated by subgroups, and we plan to predict the candidate dose that exerts the greater neuroprotective effect with network meta-analyses. Moreover, we will provide comprehensive overview on the mechanisms underlying the emerging neuroprotective effects of edaravone in SCI. This study will provide implications for future preclinical studies and clinical applications of SCI.
Postsurgical Macular Edema after Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: Risk Factors for Recalcitrance to First-Line Therapy and Long-Term Response to Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant
Authors: Allou Violaine , Trucchi Laura , Mer Yannick Le , Tadayoni Ramin , Couturier Aude , Souissi Soufiane 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To assess the risk factors for recalcitrance to first-line therapy and the long-term response to dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex®) of postsurgical macular edema (PSME) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
Methods: This was a retrospective consecutive cohort study of patients who underwent RRD repair between January 2014 and December 2020 at the Rothschild Foundation Hospital and who experienced PSME with at least 18 months of follow-up.
Results: Of the 1 152 patients screened, 36 eyes had a PSME (incidence: 3.1%). The mean follow-up was 45.2 months (18.0-80.5 months). Twenty-five eyes (69.4%) were recalcitrant to first-line therapy and received at least one Ozurdex® (mean number: 2.7 [1-12]). On multivariate analysis, perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL)-assisted drainage was found to significantly increase the risk of recalcitrance (adjusted odds ratio 8.65; 95% confidence interval 1.97-15.33; p = 0.01). A significant difference in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) was found before Ozurdex® and at the last follow-up visit: 0.57 ± 0.47 LogMAR vs. 0.34 ± 0.32 LogMAR (p = 0.02) and 483.0 ± 124.0 µm to 354.6 ± 96.5 µm (p=0.001). The absence of serous retinal detachment and the presence of hyperreflective foci at baseline were negative prognostic factors both for recalcitrance and for response to Ozurdex®. Two patients (8%) experienced hypertony, which was well controlled with hypotonic drops.
Conclusion: PSME after RRD is highly recalcitrant. Ozurdex® could be reasonably proposed as a first-line treatment, at least if it occurs after PFLC-assisted drainage, given the favorable benefit/risk ratio in the long term.
Cadmium effects on Lupinus albus L growth, phenolic compounds, and enzyme activities
Authors: M’rah Sabeh , Zaier Hanen , Boudali Ghazoua , Chaffei-Haouari Chiraz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is had received particular attention not only as potent hazards to human health but also given their constant increase in the environment and bioaccumulation throughout the food chain. The aim of this work was to evaluate the response of the white lupine plant (Lupinus albus L.) to different cadmium concentrations. For this purpose, seedlings were exposed in nutrient solution to 0, 10, 20, 50,100 and 150 µM CdCl2 for 7 days. The obtained data demonstrated that, Lupinus albus L. was affected especially by high Cd2+ doses (100 and 150 µM Cd). Cadmium exposure mainly reduced plant growth parameters and photosynthetic activity. In addition, Cd generated nutritional deficiencies, toxic accumulation of ammonium and oxidative damage in plant. However, Lupinus albus L. could tolerate moderate the cadmium stress by the increase of cellular metabolites like soluble sugar and proline to avoid the ionic and osmotic effects of Cd2+. Furthermore, Cd2+ treatment increased the production of secondary metabolites in different plant organs, and also increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Besides its importance in food applications and health benefits, white lupin is proposed, as a candidate for cadmium phytostabilization of soil polluted by cadmium.
Efficacy and safety of first-line combination therapy versus monotherapy for vitreoretinal lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Jing , Peng Xiaoyan , Wang Liang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is usually treated with a combo of intraocular methotrexate, high-dose intravenous methotrexate, and local radiotherapy as the first options. The effectiveness and safety of monotherapy such as BTK inhibitors, temozolomide, and pomalidomide for PVRL remain uncertain.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trial data and conference abstracts in VRL patients treated with first-line combination therapy and monotherapy were conducted through a search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases until December 2022. A total of 17 studies comprising 278 patients were included, and survival data were extracted from 151 patients due to inconsistent units across studies.
Results
The combined treatment group used ioMTX + chemotherapy (in 3 studies), bilateral RT + chemotherapy (in 2 studies), ioMTX/IV HD-MTX based regimen (in 2 studies), ioMTX + chemotherapy + rdWBRT (in 2 studies), and ioMTX + lenalidomide/BTKi (in 2 studies). The monotherapy group used pomalidomide, temozolomide, and BTKi. The combination therapy had a higher overall response rate (ORR) and complete response rate (CRR) than monotherapy (ORR: 95% vs. 72%, CRR: 94% vs. 63%). Combination therapy also resulted in a longer median progression-free survival (33 months vs. 13 months, p = 0.0059). However, the combination therapy group had more severe side effects (grade 3/4 toxicity) than the monotherapy group (46% vs. 8%).
Conclusion
The study showed combination therapy had better OR and CR rates, longer survival, and more toxicity than monotherapy. While BTK inhibitors were well-tolerated, long-term effectiveness needs confirmation from prospective studies.
Systematic review registration: CRD42023400305
Dexmedetomidine improves the outcomes for pediatric severe sepsis with mechanical ventilation
Authors: Zhao Chun , YIN YI , Zhang Tianxin , Li Jing , Zhou Xiaoming , Wang Yujuan , Wang Wei , Wang Qiwei , Jin Youpeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The sedative dexmedetomidine has been shown to reduce mortality in adult patients with severe sepsis, but it is not known whether children benefit. This study explored the effects of dexmedetomidine on the outcomes of children with severe sepsis with mechanical ventilation.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, children with severe sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation from 2016 to 2020 were categorized as dexmedetomidine and non-dexmedetomidine group. The propensity score matching was performed to match cases in both groups. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, and the secondary outcomes were acute kidney injury, ventilator-free days, lengths of PICU and hospital stays. The Kaplan-Meier method and was the log-rank test used to estimate the 28-day mortality rate and assess between-group differences.
Results: In total, 250 patients were eligible patients: 138 in the dexmedetomidine group and 112 in the non-dexmedetomidinegroup. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 61 children in each group. dexmedetomidine group showed more lower 28-day mortality (9.84% vs 26.23%, P=0.008). During the 7-day observation period after PICU admission, the dexmedetomidine group showed significantly lower neurological and renal sub-scores at day 7 and serum creatinine level at day 3 and day 7. There were no statistical differences in the incidence of acute kidney injury, ventilator-free days, lengths of PICU and hospital stays between the two groups.
Conclusions: dexmedetomidine treatment in children with severe sepsis is associated with better outcomes and should therefore be considered for the sedation strategy.
Phylogenetic relatedness of plant species co-occurring with an invasive alien plant species (Anthemis cotula L.) varies with elevation
Authors: . Afshana , Pinto-Ledezma Jesús N. , Reshi Zafar Ahmad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDarwin's naturalization conundrum, which posits that the alien species either succeed in the introduced region because being phylogenetically related to the native species hence being pre-adapted, or are phylogenetically dissimilar to native species and thus occupy unfilled niches, has received a lot of attention but the results have been contradictory. Instead of the usual phylogenetic comparison between native and introduced species to address this conundrum, we followed a novel approach of studying the phylogenetic relationship of a highly widespread and invasive species,Anthemis cotulaL. (focal species) separately with the native species and all its co-occurring species (including native and non-native species) along an elevation gradient. The abundance ofA. cotuladeclined continuously with an increase in elevation and species richness. The phylogenetic relationship between the focal species and all the co-occurring species using abundance-weighted mean pair-wise distance (MPDaw) showed an increase with an increase in elevation and species richness. A similar but slightly weaker relationship was noticed when the non-abundance weighted mean pair-wise distance (MPDpa) was used. Interestingly, the phylogenetic distance between the focal species and the native species based on MPDaw declined with elevation as well as species richness, but such a decline was seen when MPDpa was used. Our study also revealed that soil nutrients influence the abundance ofA. cotulaand the phylogenetic distance between the focal and other species, thereby indicating the role of micro-ecological factors and spatial heterogeneity in community assembly.
Vancomycin and Daptomycin Dosing Recommendations in Patients Receiving Home Hemodialysis Using Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Lewis Susan J. , Jang Soo Min , Mueller Bruce A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
Few drug dosing recommendations for patients receiving home hemodialysis (HHD) have been published which has hindered the adoption of HHD. HHD regimens vary widely and differ considerably from conventional, thrice weekly, in-center hemodialysis in terms of treatment frequency, duration and blood and dialysate flow rates. Consequently, vancomycin and daptomycin clearances in HHD are also likely to be different, consequently HHD dosing regimens must be developed to ensure efficacy and minimize toxicity when these antibiotics are used. Many HHD regimens are used clinically, this study modeled ten common HHD regimens and determined optimal vancomycin and daptomycin dosing for each HHD regimen.
Methods:
Monte Carlo simulations using pharmacokinetic data derived from the literature and demographic data from a large HHD program treating patients with end stage kidney disease were incorporated into a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model. Virtual vancomycin and daptomycin doses were administered post-HHD and drug exposures were determined in 5,000 virtual patients receiving ten different HHD regimens. Serum concentration monitoring with subsequent dose changes was incorporated into the vancomycin models. Pharmacodynamic target attainment rates were determined for each studied dose. The lowest possible doses that met predefined targets in virtual patients were chosen as optimal doses.
Results:
HHD frequency, total dialysate volumes and HHD durations influenced drug exposure and led to different dosing regimens to meet targets. Antibiotic dosing regimens were identified that could meet targets for 3- and 7-hour HHD regimens occurring every other day or 4-5 days/week. HHD regimens with 3-day interdialytic periods required higher doses prior to the 3-day period. The addition of vancomycin serum concentration monitoring allowed for calculation of necessary dosing changes which increased the number of virtual subjects meeting pharmacodynamic targets.
Conclusions:
Doses of vancomycin and daptomycin that will meet desired pharmacodynamic targets in HHD are dependent on patient and HHD-specific factors. Doses used in conventional thrice weekly hemodialysis are unlikely to meet treatment goals. The antibiotic regimens paired with the HHD parameters studied in this analysis are likely to meet goals but require clinical validation.
Detection of Subclinical Neurotrophic Keratopathy by Non-Contact Esthesiometry
Authors: Villalba Marta , Sabates Victor , Ghalibafan Seyyedehfatemeh , Perez Victor , Swaminathan Swarup , Sabater Alfonso 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives.
To analyze corneal sensitivity with a new noncontact and hand-held esthesiometer (Brill Engines, Spain) in patients with dry eye disease (DED) and patients on hypotensive drops, and to compare it with healthy subjects.
Methods.
31 patients (57 eyes) with DED, 23 patients (46 eyes) with glaucoma and 21 healthy patients (33 eyes) were recruited. In all patients, corneal sensitivity was measured. Subsequently, a keratography test (Keratograph 5M, Oculus) was carried out to measure tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive break up time (NIBUT), bulbar redness (Jenvis scale) and corneal staining (CS, Oxford scale). Both corneal sensitivity and ocular surface parameters were compared between DED, glaucoma, and healthy subjects. Linear mixed models were constructed to utilize data from both eyes of patients. A 95% confidence level was considered statistically significant.
Results.
The mean age was 56.1±16.1 years in DED group, 69.5±11.7 years in the glaucoma group and 36.3±10.5 years in the control group. Adjusting for age and sex, esthesiometry was significantly worse in DED and glaucoma vs control group (p = 0.02 and p = 0.009, respectively). NIBUT was lower in DED and glaucoma patients (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Redness and CS values were higher in DED group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.001, respectively). TMH was lower in the glaucoma patients (p = 0.03).
Conclusions.
Corneal sensitivity measured with a novel noncontact esthesiometer was reduced in DED and glaucoma patients compared to controls. In clinical practice, this esthesiometer could be an easy-to-use device to evaluate for patients with subclinical neurotrophic keratopathy.
The Association between Working Memory Precision and the Nonlinear Dynamics of Frontal and Parieto-occipital EEG Activity.
Authors: Chang Wen-Sheng , Liang Wei-Kuang , Li Dong-Han , Muggleton Neil G. , Balachandran Prasad , Huang Norden E. , Juan Chi-Hung 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Working memory (WM) research in electrophysiology reveals that brain areas communicate through macroscopic oscillatory activities across multiple frequency bands. Interactions across different frequency components generate nonlinear amplitude modulation (AM) in the observed signal. Traditionally, AM is expressed as the coupling strength between the signal and a prespecified modulator at a lower frequency. Therefore, the idea of AM and coupling cannot be studied separately. In this study, 33 participants completed a color recall task while their brain activity was recorded through EEG. The AM of the EEG data was extracted using the Holo-Hilbert spectral analysis (HHSA), an adaptive method based on the Hilbert-Huang transforms. The results showed that frontal theta power enhancement and parieto-occipital alpha/beta power suppression predicted individual differences in WM precision. Furthermore, the AM of parieto-occipital alpha/beta power predicted WM precision after presenting a target-defining probe array. The phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between the frontal theta phase and parieto-occipital alpha/beta AM increased with WM load while processing incoming stimuli, but the PAC itself did not predict the subsequent recall performance. These results suggest frontal and parieto-occipital regions communicate through theta-alpha/beta PAC. However, the overall recall precision depends on the alpha/beta AM following the onset of the retro cue.