bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Effects of Additives used in Reducing Asphalt Production Temperatures
Authors: Şahin Süleyman Nurullah Adahi , Ipek Metin , Gökçek Mehmet Bariş 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study is related to evaluations of the performance and usability evaluations of existing and also newly produced Warm Mixed Asphalt (WMA) additives. Viscosity, softening point, and penetration tests were performed on bitumen with additives without changing the bitumen rate for the additives. For the asphalt concrete, Marshall Stability tests were performed. WMA additives are used to reduce asphalt production temperatures and, consequently, the temperature of the mixture significantly. According to the Marshall Stability test, it was determined that the WMA samples fulfilled values within the local standards. The Hot Mixed Asphalt (HMA) and Warm Mixed Asphalt (WMA) additives were compared as to additive costs and energy savings considering the reduced production temperatures. Additives have great potential to be used in adverse weather conditions and in many countries.
Serological Diagnosis and Epidemiological impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on human health in Diyala Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Sherko Muhammed Abdulrahman  , Zainab Mohammed Alzubaidy  , Dhary Alewy Almashhadany  , Sawsan Mohammed Sorchee  
Published: April 2023

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common bacterial stomach infections and is implicated in a majority of stomach and duodenum ulcer as well as may be gastric cancer. The study showed that the incidence in diyala is nearly high comparing with the surrounding, little known about H. pylori prevalence in this population or other Native communities. In this cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori among people subjects of different age groups ranged between 1 year to >50 years old. Two hundred and fifty of blood samples were collected from patients admitted Teaching hospitals in Baqubaa city and subjected to serological screening test.
The results revealed that the prevalence of H. pylori antibody in human blood samples were 75.2%. the results appeared that H. pylori in males were more infected than females as the rate78.1% among males compared with females’ infection rate was 70%. The study also showed that the high prevalence rate of H. pylori antibody in the blood of patient’s age group 31-40 years was (77.8%), followed by the age group of 41-50 years (76.2%). Regarding risk factors, smoker males were the most infected with H. pylori (78.4%) compared to smoker females (31.7%). The results concluded that, the seroprevalence of H. pylori among human in Diyala Governorate was very high, and the infection occurred at all ages, particularly the youth ages
The Effect Of Problem Based Learning Model On Students Outcomes In Learning Natural Science Of 5th Grade At UPT SDN 104 Tontonan Anggeraja District Enrekang Regency
Authors: Nurhaedah Nurhaedah , Hartoto Hartoto , Amalia Nur Ilmi 
Published: April 2023

This research discusses the effect of the application of the problem based learning model on the science learning outcomes of fifth grade students of UPT SDN 104 Tontonan. This type of research is an experimental research using the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design research design. The independent variable in this study is a problem based learning model. The dependent variable in this study is the student's natural science learning outcomes. The population used is all students of class V as many as 17 students and using a sampling technique that is saturated sample. Data collection techniques in this study were tests, observations, and documentation. The instrument used in this research is multiple choice questions, totaling 15 questions. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the description of the application of the problem based learning model at the first meeting was running effectively and the second meeting was running very effectively. The achievement of learning outcomes shows an increase when using the problem based learning model, this is proven by the posttest average value being higher than the pretest average value. The results of hypothesis testing using Paired Sample t-test showed a significant value less than 0.05 and the results of T Count > T Table, so H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, which means that the application of the problem based learning model has an effect on the science learning outcomes of 5th grade students at UPT SDN 104 Tontonan, Anggeraja District, Enrekang Regency.
Molecular characterization & recombination analysis of complete enterovirus-88 isolated from acute flaccid paralysis cases in India
Authors: Munivenkatappa Ashok , Nyayanit Dimpal A. , Mohandas Sreelekshmy , Luwang Asia , Shete Anita , Hanumaiah H. , Mourya Devendra T. , Yadav Pragya D. 
Published: April 2023

Background & objectives:
Focus on non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) causing acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) due to myelitis has increased with the containment of the poliovirus. Enterovirus-B88 (EV-B88) has been associated with the AFP cases in Bangladesh, Ghana, South Africa, Thailand and India. In India, EV-B88 infection was linked to AFP a decade ago; however, to date, no complete genome has been made available. In this study, the complete genome sequence of EV-B88 was identified and reported from two different States (Bihar and Uttar Pradesh) in India using the next-generation sequencing technique.

Methods:
Virus isolation was performed on the three AFP suspected cases as per the WHO-recommended protocol. Samples showing cytopathic effects in the human Rhabdocarcinoma were labelled as NPEVs. Next-generation sequencing was performed on these NPEVs to identify the aetiological agent. The contiguous sequences (contigs) generated were identified, and reference-based mapping was performed.

Results:
EV-B88 sequences retrieved in our study were found to be 83 per cent similar to the EV-B88 isolate from Bangladesh in 2001 (strain: BAN01-10398; Accession number: AY843306.1). Recombination analyses of these samples demonstrate recombination events with sequences from echovirus-18 and echovirus-30.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Recombination events in the EV-B serotypes are known, and this work reconfirms the same for EV-B88 isolates also. This study is a step in increasing the awareness about EV-B88 in India and emphasizes future studies to be conducted in the identification of other types of EV present in India.
Comparative evaluation of metformin & sitaformin in classic PCOS patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Authors: Modarres Shahrzad Zadeh , Daneshjou Delbar , Mehranjani Malek Soleimani , Shariatzadeh Seyed Mohammad Ali 
Published: April 2023

Background & objectives:
Studies have shown that insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia play a major role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Therefore, the use of insulin sensitizing drugs in the treatment of PCOS has attracted the attention of medicine and researchers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sitaformin (sitagliptin/metformin) and metformin on the quality of oocyte and embryo in classic PCOS patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Methods:
Sixty patients of PCOS (25-35 yr) were randomly allocated into three groups (n=20, each group): a metformin-treated group (administered metformin 500 mg twice daily), a sitaformin-treated group (administered sitaformin 50/500 mg twice daily) and a placebo group. Participants in all the groups received the drug two months prior to the start of the ovulation cycle and treatment continued until the day of the oocyte aspiration.

Results:
Serum insulin and total testosterone levels decreaseed significantly after treatment in both the treatment groups as compared to the placebo (P<0.05). A significant decrease in the number of immature oocytes [MI + germinal vesicle (GV) stage] was observed in metformin and sitaformin groups as compared to the placebo. In addition, sitaformin group when compared to the metformin group showed a significant decrease in the number of immature oocytes (P<0.05). The number of mature and normal MII oocytes increased significantly in both the treatment groups compared to the placebo group (P<0.05). The number of mature and normal oocytes increased in sitaformin group in comparison to the metformin group, but the difference was not significant. There was a significant increase in the number of grade I embryos, fertilization and cleavage rates in the sitaformin group compared to the other groups (P<0.05).

Interpretation & conclusions:
This is the first study to compare the impact of sitaformin with metformin on oocyte and embryo quality in women with PCOS undergoing a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist cycle. In conclusion, sitaformin can be more effective in decreasing immature oocytes and increasing the quality of embryos than the use of metformin.
The utility of immunohistochemistry for detecting mycobacterial infections in bronchoalveolar lavage & bronchial washings
Authors: Nasare Anuja Satish , Swain Meenakshi , Roa Ratnamani 
Published: April 2023

Background & objectives:
Tuberculosis, most commonly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is an infectious bacterial disease, with a major impact on global health. In this study, immunohistochemistry (IHC), acid-fast bacilli (AFB) culture and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, techniques were compared on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bronchial washings (BW) with respect to sensitivity and specificity for detecting mycobacteria, taking culture as the gold standard.

Methods:
Consecutive BAL and BW specimens were included in the study, over a period of one year for which AFB cultures were available. Samples with diagnosis other than inflammatory pathology such as malignancies or inadequate samples were excluded. A total of 203 BAL and BW specimens from patients with age ranging from 14 to 86 yr were analyzed for the presence of mycobacteria. The utility and efficacy of ZN stain and IHC in detecting mycobacteria was tested using AFB culture as a gold standard.

Results:
Out of 203 cases, 10.3 per cent (n=21) were positive on AFB culture. Of these, 5.9 per cent (n=12) smears were positive for ZN stain, whereas IHC positivity was seen in 8.4 per cent (n=17) of the cases. ZN staining had a sensitivity of 57.1 per cent and a specificity of 100 per cent whereas, IHC had a sensitivity of 81 per cent and a specificity of 81.9 per cent.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Comparison with AFB culture (gold standard), IHC was found to be superior to ZN stain in terms of sensitivity, whereas ZN stain was found to be superior to IHC in terms of specificity. These findings therefore suggest that IHC may be a useful adjunct to ZN stain in the detection of mycobacteria in specimens from the respiratory tract.
Comparison of prevention of parent-to-child HIV transmission programme & national biennial HIV sentinel surveillance data for tracking HIV epidemic in India
Authors: Lakshmi P. V. M. , Elangovan Arumugan , Bhatnagar Tarun , Kant Shashi , Rai Sanjay K. , Saha Malay K. , Godbole Sheela , Mehendale Sanjay , Singh Y. Manihar , Verma Vinita , Rajan Shobini , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: April 2023

Background & objectives:
HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS) among antenatal women in India has been used to track the epidemic for many years. However, reliable tracking at the local level is not possible as ANC sentinel sites are limited in number and cover a smaller sample size at each site. Prevention of parent-to-child-transmission (PPTCT) programme data has a potential advantage due to better geographical coverage, which could provide more precise HIV case estimates; therefore, we compared HSS ANC data with PPTCT programme data for HIV tracking.

Methods:
Out of the 499 surveillance sites, where HSS and PPTCT programme was being conducted in 2015, 210 sites (140 urban and 70 rural) were selected using a stratified random sampling method. HSS (n=72,981) and PPTCT (n=112,832) data records were linked confidentially. The sociodemographic characteristics of HSS and PPTCT attendees were compared. HIV prevalence from HSS ANC was compared with the PPTCT programme data using Chi-square test. State- and site-level correlation of HIV prevalence was also done. Concordance between HSS and PPTCT HIV positivity was estimated using kappa statistics.

Results:
The age distribution of HSS and PPTCT attendees was similar (range: 23 to 27 yr); however, HSS ANC participants were better educated, whereas PPTCT recorded a higher proportion of homemakers. The correlation of HIV prevalence between HSS and PPTCT was high (r=0.9) at the State level and moderate at the site level (r=0.7). The HIV positivity agreement between HSS ANC and PPTCT was good (kappa=0.633). A similar prevalence was reported across 26 States, whereas PPTCT had a significantly lower prevalence than HSS in three States where PPTCT coverage was low. Overall HIV prevalence was 0.31 per cent in HSS and 0.22 per cent in PPTCT (P<0.001).

Interpretation & conclusions:
High-quality PPTCT programme data can provide reliable HIV trends in India. An operational framework for PPTCT-based surveillance should be pilot-tested in a phased manner before replacing HSS with PPTCT.
Extent of use of artificial intelligence & machine learning protocols in cancer diagnosis
Authors: Dang Amit , Dang Dimple , Vallish B. N. 
Published: April 2023

Background & objectives:
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have shown promising results in cancer diagnosis in validation tests involving retrospective patient databases. This study was aimed to explore the extent of actual use of AI/ML protocols for diagnosing cancer in prospective settings.

Methods:
PubMed was searched for studies reporting usage of AI/ML protocols for cancer diagnosis in prospective (clinical trial/real world) setting with the AI/ML diagnosis aiding clinical decision-making, from inception till May 17, 2021. Data pertaining to the cancer, patients and the AI/ML protocol were extracted. Comparison of AI/ML protocol diagnosis with human diagnosis was recorded. Through a post hoc analysis, data from studies describing validation of various AI/ML protocols were extracted.

Results:
Only 18/960 initial hits (1.88%) utilized AI/ML protocols for diagnostic decision-making. Most protocols used artificial neural network and deep learning. AI/ML protocols were utilized for cancer screening, pre-operative diagnosis and staging and intra-operative diagnosis of surgical specimens. The reference standard for 17/18 studies was histology. AI/ML protocols were used to diagnose cancers of the colorectum, skin, uterine cervix, oral cavity, ovaries, prostate, lungs and brain. AI/ML protocols were found to improve human diagnosis, and had either similar or better performance than the human diagnosis, especially made by the less experienced clinician. Validation of AI/ML protocols was described by 223 studies of which only four studies were from India. Also there was a huge variation in the number of items used for validation.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The findings of this review suggest that a meaningful translation from the validation of AI/ML protocols to their actual usage in cancer diagnosis is lacking. Development of regulatory framework specific for AI/ML usage in healthcare is essential.
Diversity index of solved tasks as a criterion for the behavioral component of competencies
Authors: Геращенко А.М. , Бус Т.В. , Казарян А.Р. , Шапошникова Т.Л. , Шапошников В.Л. 
Published: April 2023

Актуальность исследования связана с необходимостью совершенствования методик, позволяющих оценить параметры конкурентоспособной личности. Известно, что целевой ориентир образовательного процесса – формирование у обучающихся компетенций и личностно-профессиональных качеств, не сводимых к знаниям и умениям. Также известно, что диагностика качества образования немыслима без оценки сформированности компетенций и личностно-профессиональных качеств. Несмотря на то, что в настоящее время известно множество универсальных параметров, отражающих сформированность поведенческого компонента компетенций, в статье предложен новый критерий, который косвенно отражает и конкурентоспособность личности. Обосновано, что оценка нового параметра – точная измерительная процедура, основанная на теории множеств и требующая обработки первичной информации. Теоретическая значимость результатов настоящего исследования – в возможности дальнейшего осмысления такой проблемы, как становление компетенций в непрерывном образовательном пространстве. Практическая значимость исследования – в возможности использования его результатов в системах педагогического мониторинга.
The relevance of the research is associated with the need to improve methods to assess the parameters of a competitive personality. It is known that the target of the educational process is the formation of students’ competencies and personal and professional qualities that cannot be reduced to knowledge and skills. It is also known that the diagnostic assessment of the quality of education is impossible without assessing the formation of competences and personal and professional qualities. Despite the fact that many universal parameters reflecting the formation of the behavioral component of competencies are currently known, the article proposes a new criterion that indirectly reflects the competitiveness of the individual. It is substantiated that the estimation of a new parameter is an exact measuring procedure based on the theory of sets and requiring the processing of primary information. The theoretical significance of the results of this study lies in the possibility of further understanding of such a problem as the formation of competencies in a continuous educational environment. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results in pedagogical monitoring systems.
Readiness of a university-graduate to social and professional service
Authors: Калегина Ю.В. 
Published: April 2023

Современные исследователи в области истории, философии, социологии, педагогики, экономики все чаще поднимают вопросы о ресурсах развития общества, заключенных в «нематериальных» формах: ответственность человека, его призвание и чувство долга, социальные ценности, смысл жизни, личный выбор, общественно и лично востребованные способы поведения в социальной практике и профессиональной деятельности. Целью статьи является анализ понятия и явления готовности к служению, как результата учебно-педагогического взаимодействия в образовательном процессе. В статье ретроспективно рассмотрены теоретический и практический аспекты развития представлений в педагогике о служении на всех этапах профессионализации, с применением системной методологии выявлены морфоструктура и функции служения, описаны этапы развития. Автор рассмотрела процесс развития служения как свойства человека свойства в образовательном процессе вуза, в котором педагогическое содействие представлено средством доведения компетенции служения у человека до уровня готовности.
Modern researchers in the field of history, philosophy, sociology, pedagogy, economics are increasingly raising questions about the resources for the development of society, concluded in "intangible" forms: human’s responsibility, his calling and sense of duty, social values, meaning of life, personal choice, socially and personally demanded ways of behavior in social practice and professional activity. The purpose of the article is to analyze the concept and phenomenon of readiness to serve as the result of educational and pedagogical interaction in the educational process. The article retrospectively discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of the development of ideas in pedagogy about service at all stages of professionalization, using the system methodology; the morpho-structure and functions of service are identified, the stages of development are described. The author considered the process of service development as a human property in the educational process of the university, in which pedagogical assistance is a means of bringing the competence of service at a personality to the level of readiness.
The relationship of parental attitudes and family relationships among preschoolers’ parents of different age groups
Authors: Славутская Е.В. , Павлова А.В. 
Published: April 2023

Актуальность работы обусловлена существенным влиянием родительских установок и семейных взаимоотношений на формирование личности детей дошкольного возраста. Целью работы является изучение взаимосвязи родительских установок и семейных взаимоотношений у родителей (мам) дошкольников различных возрастных групп. Авторами приведены результаты сравнительного исследования таких взаимосвязей в семьях с дошкольниками в возрасте 3 – 5 и 6 – 7 лет. Проведен корреляционный анализ результатов изучения стиля семейного воспитания (тест АСВ) и родительских установок (тест PARI). Экспериментально показано, как особенности семейных взаимоотношений могут коррелировать с родительскими установками. Результаты психодиагностики и выявленные корреляционные взаимосвязи значительно различаются у мам с дошкольниками в возрасте 3 – 5 лет и у мам с дошкольниками в возрасте 6 – 7 лет, что говорит об изменениях стиля воспитания детей в процессе их взросления, о развитии родительских и педагогических характеристик у самого родителя.
The relevance of the work is due to the significant influence of parental attitudes and family relationships on the preschool children personality formation. The aim of the work is to study the correlation between parental attitudes and family relationships among parents (mothers) of preschoolers of different age groups. The authors present the comparative study results of such relationships in families with preschoolers aged 3 – 5 and 6 – 7. A correlation analysis psycho-diagnostic data of the family education style (test AFR) and parental attitudes (test PARI) was carried out. It is proved experimentally that features of family relationships have correlations with parental attitudes. The results of psychodiagnostics and the revealed correlations are different in mothers of preschoolers aged 3 – 5 and in mothers of preschoolers aged 6 – 7, which indicates changes in the style of parenting of children in the process of their growing up, the development of parental and pedagogical characteristics of the parent himself.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE CASOS DE BRONQUITE NO HOSPITAL GERAL DA CELA DE JUNHO A DEZEMBRO DE 2019
Authors: Kamalanga Herculano Calandula , Chimbandongo Andre Carlos , Chaves Josias Justino Cambindja , Chipati António Franklin , Dinis Frederico Kalilu 
Published: April 2023

Frequentemente, a bronquite aguda é um componente da infecção da via respiratória superior causada por rinovírus, parainfluenza, vírus da influenza A ou B, vírus sincicial respiratório, coronavírus ou metapneumovírus humano. Causas menos comuns podem ser Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis e Chlamydia pneumoniae. No mundo inteiro, dados epidemiológicos demonstram que milhões de pessoas sofrem desta enfermidade, e morrem prematuramente devido a suas complicações. Atualmente, a DPO ou Bronquite é a 12ª doença mais prevalente no mundo e segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), será a quinta, nos próximos anos. A presente investigação tem o objectivo de conhecer o comportamento da bronquite em pacientes que internaram no Hospital Geral da Cela no período de Maio a Setembro e para o modelo de pesquiza, levou-se em conta um desenho qualitativo, descritivo, transversal prospectivo. O método empregado foi a administração de questionários a todos os pacientes com o diagnóstico da doença que responderam ao critério de inclusão. É possível que ao se aplicar a metodologia de divulgação de bronquite poderá ocorrer a diminuição do índice da doença. Dos 31 pacientes avaliados, a maior parte são do sexo femenino, e a exposição a factores ambientais continua a ser a maior causa da doença.