bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early life adversity in dogs produces altered physiological and behavioral responses during a social stress‐buffering paradigm
Authors: Buttner Alicia P. , Awalt Samantha L. , Strasser Rosemary 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough owners can act as stress buffers for their dogs, whether dogs with poor early life histories with humans will respond similarly is unknown. We tested 45 dogs, 23 of which were rescued from adverse conditions, in a social paradigm in which a threatening stranger confronted them with either their owner or an unfamiliar human present. Salivary cortisol levels were assessed at three points, and the dogs' behavior and owners' responses to questionnaires were evaluated. Dogs from adverse backgrounds engaged in greater contact and exhibited more relaxed behaviors and social referencing when their owners were present. Dogs from the comparison group explored more when accompanied by their owners. Dogs from adverse backgrounds experienced greater decreases in cortisol levels from the first to third samples relative to dogs in the comparison group. Dogs from adverse backgrounds were also more likely to respond fearfully to a threatening stranger. Their owners rated them as having higher levels of stranger‐directed fear, nonsocial fear, separation‐related problems, attention seeking, and lower levels of chasing and trainability. These findings from this study suggest that early adverse environments may have lasting effects on dogs' social behavior.
Absence of secondary osteons in femora of aged rats: Implications of lifespan on Haversian remodeling in mammals
Authors: Lad Susan E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBone is a dynamic tissue capable of adapting to its loading environment, allowing the skeleton to remain structurally sound throughout life. One way adaptation occurs in mammals is via Haversian remodeling: the site‐specific, coupled resorption and formation of cortical bone that results in secondary osteons. Remodeling occurs at a baseline rate in most mammals, but it also occurs in relation to strain by repairing deleterious microdamage. Yet, not all animals with bony skeletons remodel. Among mammals, there is inconsistent or absent evidence for Haversian remodeling among monotremes, insectivores, chiropterans, cingulates, and rodents. Three possible explanations for this disparity are discussed: the capacity for Haversian remodeling, body size as a constraint, and age and lifespan as constraints. It is generally accepted, although not thoroughly documented, that rats (a common model used in bone research) do not typically exhibit Haversian remodeling. The present aim is to more specifically test the hypothesis that rats of advanced age do remodel intracortically because of the longer lifespan over which baseline remodeling could occur. Most published histological descriptions of rat bone only include young (3–6 months) rats. Excluding aged rats possibly overlooks a transition from modeling (i.e., bone growth) to Haversian remodeling as the primary mode of bone adaptation. Here, midshaft and distal femora (typical sites for remodeling in other mammals) of 24‐month‐old rats were examined for presence of secondary osteons. None were found, suggesting that Haversian remodeling does not occur in rats under normal physiological conditions at any age. A likely explanation is that modeling of cortical bone continues throughout most of the short rat lifespan, negating the stimulus for Haversian remodeling. Thorough sampling of key rodent taxa of varying body sizes and lifespans is key to elucidating the reasons why (i.e., body size, age/lifespan, phylogenetic factors) Haversian remodeling might not occur in all mammals.
Glycemic Status and Myocardial Strain by Cardiac MRI in Patients With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Guo Yingying , Guo Qian , Guo Ruifeng , Yan Yan , Gong Wei , Zheng Wen , Wang Hui , Xu Lei , Wang Xiao , Nie Shaoping 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundIt is uncertain how various degree of glycemic status affect left ventricular (LV) myocardial strain in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).PurposeTo investigate the relationship of glycemic status and myocardial strain in STEMI patients.Study TypeProspective cohort study.Population282 STEMI patients with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging 5 ± 2 days post‐PPCI. Patients were divided into three groups based on the level of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (group 1: HbA1c < 5.7%; group 2: 5.7% ≤ HbA1c < 6.5%; group 3: HbA1c ≥ 6.5%).Field Strength/Sequence3.0‐T; late gadolinium enhancement, balanced steady‐state free precession cine sequence, black blood fat‐suppressed T2‐weighted.AssessmentLV function, myocardial strain, and infarct characteristics (infarct size, microvascular obstruction, and intramyocardial hemorrhage) were compared among the three groups by one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of LV myocardial strain was evaluated.Statistical TestsANOVA or Wilcoxon rank sum test, Pearson chi‐square or Fisher's exact test, Spearman's correlation analyses and multivariable linear regression analysis. A two‐tailed P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsInfarct characteristics were similar among the three groups (P = 0.934, P = 0.097, P = 0.533, respectively). Patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% had decreased LV myocardial strain compared with HbA1c 5.7%–6.4%, as evidenced by global radial (GRS), global circumferential (GCS), and global longitudinal (GLS) strain. However, no significant differences in myocardial strain were observed between patients with HbA1c 5.7%–6.4% and HbA1c < 5.7% (P = 0.716; P = 0.294; P = 0.883, respectively). After adjustment for confounders, HbA1c as a continuous variable (beta coefficient [β] = −0.676; β = 0.172; β = 0.205, respectively) and HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (β = −3.682; β = 0.552; β = 0.681, respectively) were both independently associated with decreased GRS, GCS, and GLS.Data ConclusionPatients with uncontrolled blood glucose (categorized in group HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) had worse myocardial strain. The level of HbA1c appeared to be independently associated with decreased myocardial strain in STEMI patients.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage2
Interannual variation of the onset of the Tibetan Plateau rainy season and its relationship with the sea surface temperature in the North Pacific
Authors: Wang Zunya , Jiang Xingwen , Ke Zongjian , Song Yafang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe onset of the Tibetan Plateau rainy season (OTPRS) marks the transition from dry season to wet season in situ, which has a great impact on the water cycle and atmospheric heating in extensive areas. This analysis found that the earlier OTPRS is controlled by the weakened westerly wind, a dipole vortex pair with an anomalous anti‐cyclone over Lake Baikal but an anomalous cyclone over the Tibetan Plateau, the intensified southerly water vapour transportation on the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, the active convection and the increased humidity over the Tibetan Plateau in spring. And the opposite circulation anomalies correspond to the later OTPRS. The interannual variation in the OTPRS is closely related to sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the North Pacific in the previous winter, with the opposite phase between the ‘tongue’ extending eastward from the China East Sea and the surrounding ‘semi‐circle’ in the east. This pattern features the third leading mode of the winter SSTA in the North Pacific and can persist to spring. The vertical motion, convergence and divergence associated with the direct thermal effect from the significant SSTA centres in the southeastern and northwestern North Pacific form two opposite zonal circulation circles along 30°N. The zonal circulation circles bridge the SSTA in the North Pacific and the circulation anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau and have a delayed impact on convection over the Tibetan Plateau, thereby affecting the OTPRS.
Current monitoring and treatment for anal intraepithelial neoplasms
Authors: Ramirez Ray , Donohue Kristen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnal intraepithelial neoplasms (AIN) are precursors to anal cancer. To date, there is not a significant body of literature to support screening, monitoring, and treatment of these precursor lesions, particularly in high risk populations. This review will detail the current monitoring and indications for treatment of such lesions, with the goal of preventing progression to invasive cancer.
Coastal acidification alters estuarine sediment nitrous oxide and methane fluxes
Authors: Mazur Claudia I. , Fulweiler Robinson W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe impact of coastal acidification on sediment nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes is largely unknown. We exposed temperate estuarine sediments to moderate (pH 7.3) and extreme (pH 6.3) acidification. Sediments were collected from two sites—one exposed to high and the other to low nitrogen loading. We demonstrate that low pH has a strong effect on greenhouse gas fluxes. The response, in terms of both magnitude and direction, was site specific. Sediments from the high nitrogen loading site exhibited increased N2O fluxes and decreased CH4 fluxes under moderate and extreme acidification. In contrast, sediments from the low nitrogen loading site exhibited decreased N2O fluxes under moderate and extreme acidification while CH4 fluxes both decreased (moderate) and increased (extreme). This study highlights the dynamic response of sediment N2O and CH4 fluxes to low pH and emphasizes the need for deeper understanding of ofcoastal acidification impacts on sediment biogeochemistry.
Programmable Optical Vernier‐Sampled Coherent Ranging
Authors: Bak Seongjin , Jang Hansol , Jung Min Uk , Kim Gyeong Hun , Jo Minsik , Lee Hwidon , Kim Chang‐Seok 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtended measurement ranges with coherent ranging necessitate an increase in the digitizer sampling rate. Subsampled coherent ranging can reduce the sampling rate, but it has been demonstrated in a short range below around 10 cm. Herein, programmable optical Vernier‐sampled coherent ranging over several tens of meters with a reduced sampling rate using a newly developed stepped‐frequency‐swept laser (stepped‐FSL) is proposed. The measurable range of three‐dimensional subsampled coherent ranging can be extended by increasing the coherence length of the stepped‐FSL. The proposed stepped‐FSL sequentially emits a discrete frequency output by applying a programmable voltage signal to an electro‐optic modulator. The free spectral range of the stepped‐FSL output can be rapidly and akinetically adjusted by changing the number of steps in the programmable voltage signal. The proposed system realizes an extended measurable range (over 20 m) and a high repetition rate (200 kHz). A low sampling rate of 10 MS s−1 is sufficient for operation at a subsampled interference frequency of 1 MHz. This rate is an order of magnitude lower than that of the conventional coherent ranging using an FSL. Experimental results demonstrate that the programmable optical Vernier‐sampled coherent ranging can be improved by leveraging novel optical subsampling with a stepped‐FSL.
Study on the corrosion‐wear behavior of Ni67.57Cr15.59Fe2.83C0.6Si3.98B3.47O0.045Mo2.97Co2.94 nickel alloy coating prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel spraying
Authors: Ho Kuo‐Chang , Sheu Hung‐Hua , Chang Jun‐Kai , Lin Hwai‐En , Lee Ya‐Wei , Hsiao Po‐Sen , Lee Hung‐Bin , Li Wen‐Ken 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNi‐based alloy coatings are sprayed on 304 stainless steel substrates using a high velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF) method. The corrosion‐wear behavior was analyzed using a “block on ring” corrosion‐wear system. This study mainly discusses the effect of different applied potentials on corrosion and wear interaction using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that as the applied potential increases, the weight loss and corrosion current density of the nickel‐based alloy coating increase accordingly. Increasing the applied potential, the total loss of corrosion‐wear (Wtotal) of the coating increased significantly. Under high applied potential, the main factor for the serious damage is the interaction of corrosion and wear. In addition, the friction coefficient of the coating first increases and then decreases with increasing applied potential. The surface morphology of the passivation layer and the thickness of corrosion oxide can have an important influence on the corrosion‐wear process. Based on the XPS analysis results, the composition of the passive film formed on the surface of the coating in the process of corrosion‐wear includes NiO, Cr2O3, MoO2, and MoO42−.
The effect of perceived control on local consumption
Authors: Roy Arani , Mukherjee Ashesh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLocal consumption improves the economic health of local communities and reduces the environmental impact of marketing activities, and hence it is important to understand factors that increase the likelihood of local consumption. Across eight studies in the laboratory and field, we show that the likelihood of local consumption increases as consumers' perceived control decreases with this effect being mediated by feelings of anticipated warm glow. We also identify two boundary conditions of this effect, namely perceived quality of the product and public self‐consciousness of the consumer. This research contributes to the literature in the following ways. First, it identifies perceived control as a novel self‐discrepancy‐based antecedent of the likelihood of local consumption. Second, it identifies anticipated warm glow as a novel affective mechanism underlying the effect of perceived control on the likelihood of local consumption. Third, it identifies perceived quality of the local product as a novel moderator of the effect of perceived control on the likelihood of local consumption. Fourth, it identifies public self‐consciousness of the consumer as another novel moderator of the effect of perceived control on the likelihood of local consumption. This research also contributes methodologically by demonstrating robustness of effects across a range of manipulations and measures including incentive‐compatible behavior and online behavior.
Efficient Cellulose Dissolution and Film Formation Enabled by Superbase Amino Acid Ionic Liquids
Authors: Zhao Junmeng , Ge Wenjiao , Shuai Jianbo , Gao Xiangli , Zhang Fengshan , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCellulose is a promising feedstock for the production of sustainable materials. To fully utilize its potential, exploring efficient cellulose solvents is a paramount prerequisite. In this study, ten superbase amino acid ionic liquids (SAAILs) are synthesized using 1,5‐diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non‐5‐ene (DBN) and 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) with different amino acid anions via a simple neutralization method. The properties of these SAAILs, such as viscosity and glass transition temperature, varied with their cation and anion structures. The ability of the SAAILs to dissolve cellulose is related to their Kamlet–Taft parameters, particularly hydrogen bond basicity (β). The main driving force for cellulose dissolution in SAAILs is thought to be hydrogen bonding interactions between SAAILs and cellulose hydroxyl groups. Four SAAILs composed of DBN or DBU cations and proline, or aspartic acid anions are identified as promising solvents for preparing regenerated cellulose films (RCFs). The RCF prepared from [DBN]Proline(Pro) showed a favorable combination of high tensile strength (76.9 MPa), high Young's modulus (5201.2 MPa), good transparency (≈70% at 550 nm), and smooth surface morphology. These halogen‐ and metal‐free SAAILs show the potential to provide a new avenue for cellulose processing.
Selecting the optimal strategies when using nurse sows for supernumerous piglets
Authors: Bruun Thomas Sønderby , Pedersen Trine Friis , Thorup Flemming , Strathe Anja Varmløse 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHyper‐prolific sows frequently do not have a sufficient number of functional teats for their piglets to nurse which has led to the use of nurse sows to manage these surplus piglets. This review discusses strategies for using nurse sows and factors that influence preweaning survival and weight gain of their litters, as well as those that affect their subsequent rebreeding performance. Rearing piglets using a nurse sow can be as successful as piglets reared with their biological mother and is thus a powerful management tool to decrease preweaning piglet mortality. Selecting a young sow as nurse sow is beneficial for piglet survival; however, piglets nursing first parity sows often have a lower daily weight gain than piglets nursing multiparous sows. A litter of uniform surplus piglets is preferably handled using the two‐step nurse sow strategy. A consequence of nonuniform litters will most likely be an increased mortality and decreased weaning weight among the smallest piglets within a litter. The subsequent fertility of nurse sows is not compromised. There is an increased risk of lactational oestrus when using nurse sows leading to an increased weaning‐to‐oestrus interval; however, litter size in nurse sows is identical or even moderately higher in the subsequent parity compared with nonnurse sows.
An Adaptive Soft Sensor for On‐Line Monitoring the Mass Conversion in the Emulsion Copolymerization of the Continuous SBR Process
Authors: Sanseverinatti Carlos I. , Perdomo Mariano M. , Clementi Luis A. , Vega Jorge R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSoft sensors (SS) are of importance in monitoring polymerization processes because numerous production and quality variables cannot be measured online. Adaptive SSs are of interest to maintain accurate estimations under disturbances and changes in operating points. This study proposes an adaptive SS to online estimate the mass conversion in the emulsion copolymerization required for the production of Styrene‐Butadiene rubber (SBR). The SS includes a bias term calculated from sporadic laboratory measurements. Typically, the bias is updated every time a new laboratory report becomes available, but this strategy leads to unnecessarily frequent bias updates. The SS includes a statistic‐based tool to avoid unnecessary bias updates and reduce the variability of the bias with respect to classical approaches. A control chart (CC) for individual determinations combined with an algorithmic Cusum is used to monitor the statistical stability of the average prediction error. The adaptive SS enables a bias update only when a loss of said statistical stability is detected. Several bias update methods are tested on a simulated industrial train of reactors for the latex production in the SBR process. The best results are obtained by combining the proposed CC‐based approach with a previously developed Bayesian bias update strategy.
Phase angle as a prognostic indicator in critically ill children: A systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Luna D. A. , Ventura Julia C. , Hauschild Daniela B. , Moreno Yara M. F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhase angle (PhA) may reflect the integrity of cellular membranes, hydration status, and total body cell mass. Studies have shown that PhA can be used as a good predictor for evaluation of disease severity in critically ill adults. However, there is a lack of studies assessing the association between PhA and clinical outcomes in critically ill children. This systematic review described the association between PhA at pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission with clinical outcomes in critically ill children. The search was conducted using PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE and LILACS until July 22, 2022. Studies that evaluate the association between PhA at PICU admission in critically ill children and clinical outcomes were eligible. Data regarding population, study design, setting, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) protocol used, PhA classification, and outcome analysis were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Among the 4669 articles screened, five prospective studies were included. The studies have shown association between lower values of PhA at PICU admission with longer PICU and hospital length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, septic shock, and higher mortality risk. Small sample size, different clinical conditions, and methodological differences of the studies regarding BIA equipment and cutoffs of PhA were observed. Although the studies have limitations, the PhA has a potential role in predicting clinical outcomes in critically ill children. Larger studies with standardized PhA protocols and other relevant clinical outcomes are necessary.
A Scoping Review: Do instruments measuring genomic competence in nursing incorporate ethics?
Authors: Laaksonen Mari , Airikkala Elisa , Halkoaho Arja , Paavilainen Eija 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the instruments used in measuring genomic competence in nursing. The objective was to understand how ethical issues are reflected in the instruments.DesignA scoping review.MethodsA systematically conducted scoping review was conducted by using CINAHL Complete and Medline databases covering the years from January 2010 to January 2022. Two authors inspected potentially eligible papers and assessed their quality independently using the critical appraisal tools of Joanna Briggs Institute. Twenty‐five articles were eligible including 19 different instruments. Included articles answered the research question: “How ethical issues are reflected in instruments measuring genomic competence in nursing?” The inductive thematic analysis was used in this review.ResultsDescriptions of ethical themes were unstructured in the scoped articles and instruments. Not all genomic competence instruments covered ethical aspects. Only three studies asked direct questions by using the word ethics or its derivates, including confidentiality in solving ethical problems, familiarity with the ethical aspects of genetic counselling and ability to identify ethical issues. Thirteen articles included ethics‐related themes encompassing knowledge, skills, concerns, advantages and disadvantages.
Practical nursing students' learning and assessment during work‐based placement: A qualitative study
Authors: Virpi Välimaa , Anna‐Maria Tuomikoski , Kristina Mikkonen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo describe practical nursing students', mentors' and educators' perceptions of student learning and assessment of learning progress during work‐based learning.DesignA qualitative descriptive study.MethodsThe research data were collected by interviewing eight practical nursing students, 12 mentors and eight educators (total n = 28) from three vocational institutions and four social‐ and health care organizations in Finland during November 2019–September 2020. The interviews were conducted as focus group interviews, after which the collected material was subjected to content analysis. The researchers had received appropriate research permits from the target organizations.ResultsWork‐based learning depends on the student, who must be goal‐oriented and responsible for their own learning. The mentor also plays a key role in the learning process as the supporter and enabler of a student's goal‐oriented learning process. The educator is responsible for instructing both students and mentors, and supporting a student's goal‐oriented learning process. The vocational institution also has a role in successful learning among practical nursing students as an enabler of students' individual learning process. The participants shared that the workplace is responsible for ensuring a secure learning environment.