bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of microcirculation variables and endothelial glycocalyx using sidestream dark field videomicroscopy in anesthetized dogs undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Diaz Devon M. , Orton E. Christopher , de Rezende Marlis L. , Zersen Kristin , Guillaumin Julien 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionTo evaluate microcirculation and endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) variables using sidestream darkfield (SDF) videomicroscopy in canine cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).MethodsDogs undergoing CPB for surgical correction of naturally-occurring cardiac disease were prospectively included. Variables collected included patient demographics, underlying cardiac disease, red blood cell flow (Flow), 4-25 μm vessel density (Density), absolute capillary blood volume (CBVabs), relative capillary blood volume (CBVrel) and eGC width assessed by perfused boundary region (PBR). Anesthetized healthy dogs were used as control. Microcirculation and eGC variables were compared at baseline under anesthesia (T0), on CPB prior to cross clamping (T1), after cross clamp removal following surgical correction (T2) and at surgical closure (T3).ResultsTwelve dogs were enrolled, including 10 with a complete dataset. Median Flow was 233.9, 79.9, 164.3, and 136.1 μm/s at T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively, (p = 1.00). Median Density was 173.3, 118.4, 121.0 and 155.4 mm/mm2at T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively, (p = 1.00). Median CBVabs decreased over time: 7.4, 6.6, 4.8 and 4.7 103μm3at T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively, (p &lt; 0.01). Median CBVrel increased over time: 1.1, 1.5,1.1, and 1.3 103μm3at T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively, (p &lt; 0.001). Median PBR increased over time: 1.8, 2.1, 2.4, 2.1 μm at T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively, (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to control dogs (n = 8), CPB dogs had lower CBVabs at T0.ConclusionAlterations in eGC thickness and microvascular occur in dogs undergoing CPB for naturally-occurring cardiac disease.
Comprehensive Comparison of Effects of Antioxidant (Astaxanthin) Supplementation from Different Sources in Haliotis discus hannai Diet
Authors: Zou Weiguang , Hong Jiawei , Yu Wenchao , Ma Yaobin , Gan Jiacheng , Liu Yanbo , Luo Xuan , You Weiwei , Ke Caihuan 
Published: August 2023

Dietary antioxidant supplementation, especially astaxanthin, has shown great results on reproductive aspects, egg quality, growth, survival, immunity, stress tolerance, and disease resistance in aquatic animals. However, the effects of dietary astaxanthin supplementation from different sources are still unknown. A comprehensive comparison of survival, growth, immune response, antioxidant activity, thermal resistance, disease resistance, and intestinal microbial structure was conducted in dietary antioxidant supplementation from the sources of Gracilaria lemaneiformis (GL), industrial synthetic astaxanthin (80 mg/kg astaxanthin actual weight, named as group ‘SA80’), Phaffia rhodozyma (80 mg/kg astaxanthin actual weight, named as group ‘PR80’) and Haematococcus pluvialis (120 mg/kg astaxanthin actual weight, named as group ‘HP120’) at their optimal supplementation amounts. Furthermore, the SA80, PR80, and HP120 groups performed better in all aspects, including survival, growth, immune response, antioxidant activity, thermal resistance, and disease resistance, compared with the GL group. The PR80 and HP120 group also had a better growth performance than the SA80 group. In terms of heat stress and bacterial challenge, abalone in the PR80 group showed the strongest resistance. Overall, 80 mg/kg astaxanthin supplementation from Phaffia rhodozyma was recommended to obtain a more effective and comprehensive outcome. This study contributes to the discovery of the optimum dietary astaxanthin supplementation source for abalone, which is helpful to improve the production efficiency and economic benefits of abalone. Future research can further explore the action mechanism and the method of application of astaxanthin to better exploit its antioxidant role.
The Radical SAM Heme Synthase AhbD from Methanosarcina barkeri Contains Two Auxiliary [4Fe-4S] Clusters
Authors: Fix Isabelle , Heidinger Lorenz , Friedrich Thorsten , Layer Gunhild 
Published: August 2023

In archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria, heme is synthesized via the siroheme-dependent pathway. The last step of this route is catalyzed by the Radical SAM enzyme AhbD and consists of the conversion of iron-coproporphyrin III into heme. AhbD belongs to the subfamily of Radical SAM enzymes containing a SPASM/Twitch domain carrying either one or two auxiliary iron–sulfur clusters in addition to the characteristic Radical SAM cluster. In previous studies, AhbD was reported to contain one auxiliary [4Fe-4S] cluster. In this study, the amino acid sequence motifs containing conserved cysteine residues in AhbD proteins from different archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria were reanalyzed. Amino acid sequence alignments and computational structural models of AhbD suggested that a subset of AhbD proteins possesses the full SPASM motif and might contain two auxiliary iron–sulfur clusters (AuxI and AuxII). Therefore, the cluster content of AhbD from Methanosarcina barkeri was studied using enzyme variants lacking individual clusters. The purified enzymes were analyzed using UV/Visible absorption and EPR spectroscopy as well as iron/sulfide determinations showing that AhbD from M. barkeri contains two auxiliary [4Fe-4S] clusters. Heme synthase activity assays suggested that the AuxI cluster might be involved in binding the reaction intermediate and both clusters potentially participate in electron transfer.
Fabrication of Ultra-High-Performance PVDF-HFP Air Filters by Electrospinning
Authors: Borojeni Iman Azarian , Gajewski Greg , Jenab Arash , Sanjari Mehdi , Boudreault Charles , Riahi Reza A. 
Published: August 2023

This research aims to fabricate hydrophobic electrospun air filters with ultra-high performance against virions. In order to achieve this goal, constant basis weight electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) with low-bead, high-bead, and ultra-high-bead fibre structures were used to fabricate single and multilayer filters by controlling the Dimethylformamide (DMF)-to-acetone ratio of the solvent. The water contact angle of the fabricated layers ranged from 131° for low-bead structures to 135° for ultra-high-bead structures, indicating their overall high hydrophobicity. The size-resolved filtering efficiency and pressure drop tests on the fabricated filters showed that low-bead structure for both single and multilayer filters and high-bead structure for single-layer filters enhance the quality factor remarkably. The results showed that the single-layer ultra-high-bead structure air filters had a filtering efficiency of 99.33%, superior to N95 air filters (96.54%) and comparable to double N95 filters (99.86%). However, the electrospun air filter showed a pressure drop of 169.3 Pa and a quality factor of 27.6×10−3 Pa−1compared to a pressure drop of 388 Pa and quality factor of 16.9×10−3 Pa−1 for double N95 air filters. Therefore, it has a high potential to be used as the filtration media in hospitals, long-term care centers, and masks to provide superior protection against virions for healthcare providers and patients.
Experimental Determination of the Standard Gibbs Energy of Formation of Fe3–xVxO4 at 1473 K
Authors: Miao Qingdong , Li Ming , Yan Baijun 
Published: August 2023

In the present study, an approach of determining the standard Gibbs energy of formation of Fe3–xVxO4 was proposed firstly, then the standard Gibbs energies of formation of a variety of Fe3–xVxO4 were determined experimentally, and finally, a calculating model of the standard Gibbs energy of formation of Fe3–xVxO4 was established. The detailed results are as follows: (1) the standard Gibbs energy of formation of Fe3–xVxO4 can be determined successfully by two steps; the first is to measure the chemical potential of Fe in Fe3–xVxO4 under fixed oxygen partial pressure, the second is to derive the chemical potential of V in Fe3–xVxO4 by Gibbs–Duhem relation; (2) the standard Gibbs energies of formation of Fe3–xVxO4 are mainly decided by the Fe/V molar ratio, and almost not influenced by the oxygen partial pressure in the range from 2.39 × 10−12 to 3.83 × 10−11 atm; (3) in this oxygen partial pressure range, the standard Gibbs energies of formation of Fe3–xVxO4 can be calculated satisfactorily by the following model: ΔfGFe3−xVxO4θJ/mol=1−x/2ΔfGFe3O4θ+x/2ΔfGFeV2O4θ+1−x/2RTln1−x/2+x/2RTlnx/2 − 168627.481−x/2x/2.
Rhizosphere Microbiome and Phenolic Acid Exudation of the Healthy and Diseased American Ginseng Were Modulated by the Cropping History
Authors: Zhang Jiahui , Wei Yanli , Li Hongmei , Hu Jindong , Zhao Zhongjuan , Wu Yuanzheng , Yang Han , Li Jishun , Zhou Yi 
Published: August 2023

The infection of soil-borne diseases has the potential to modify root exudation and the rhizosphere microbiome. However, the extent to which these modifications occur in various monocropping histories remains inadequately explored. This study sampled healthy and diseased American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) plants under 1–4 years of monocropping and analyzed the phenolic acids composition by HPLC, microbiome structure by high-throughput sequencing technique, and the abundance of pathogens by quantitative PCR. First, the fungal pathogens of Fusarium solani and Ilyonectria destructans in the rhizosphere soil were more abundant in the diseased plants than the healthy plants. The healthy American ginseng plants exudated more phenolic acid, especially p-coumaric acid, compared to the diseased plants after 1–2 years of monocropping, while this difference gradually diminished with the increase in monocropping years. The pathogen abundance was influenced by the exudation of phenolic acids, e.g., total phenolic acids (r = −0.455), p-coumaric acid (r = −0.465), and salicylic acid (r = −0.417), and the further in vitro test confirmed that increased concentration of p-coumaric acid inhibited the mycelial growth of the isolated pathogens for root rot. The healthy plants had a higher diversity of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal microbiome than the diseased plants only after a long period of monocropping. Our study has revealed that the cropping history of American ginseng has altered the effect of pathogens infection on rhizosphere microbiota and root exudation.
The impact of nursing practice environments on patient safety culture in primary health care: a scoping review
Authors: Pereira Soraia Cristina de Abreu , Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes , Fassarella Cíntia Silva , Santos Eduardo José Ferreira 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPatient safety has in recent decades become a global concern. It is a key priority area of healthcare organisations, and has a direct impact on patient health and wellbeing. Work environments can strongly impact nurses' wellbeing and may ultimately produce different outcomes for both professionals and patients. The adverse events occurrence is an example of how work environments influence outcomes, and there is evidence of this correlation in several studies conducted in recent years.AimTo map the knowledge regarding the impact that nursing practice environments have on safety culture in primary healthcare settings, as primary health care concentrates a significant portion of the population’s care.Design & settingThis review was conducted following the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for scoping reviews.MethodStudy selection, data extraction, and synthesis were performed by two independent reviewers. Based on Population (or participants), Concept, and Context (PCC) framework, studies were considered that addressed nurses' practice environment and patient safety culture in primary health care. All studies published or unpublished from 2002 to the present were considered.ResultsSeven studies were included in this review; however, the existing evidence on the relation between nurses' practice environments and patient safety is still limited in primary healthcare settings. Although clear evidence was not found, several characteristics of nursing practice environments that may impact healthcare safety were found, such as leadership, communication, and organisational culture and policies.ConclusionMore research directed at primary healthcare nursing practice settings is needed and could be valuable in defining and implementing strategies that promote the safety of care.
PENGARUH JENIS BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI DUA VARIETAS BAWANG MERAH(Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Pebriasih Dilly Yuda 
Published: August 2023

Bawang merah sebagai tanaman hortikultura yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari menyebabkan permintaan bawang merah yang terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis bahan organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah, pertumbuhan varietas bawang merah terbaik dengan jenis bahan organik yang berbeda, dan interaksi pemberian bahan organik dan varietas yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Terpadu, Universitas Lampung. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial (2x4) menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 8 perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali dengan faktor pertama yaitu varietas (V1=varietas Tajuk, V2= varietas Bima brebes) dan faktor kedua yaitu bahan organik (B1= pukan kambing, B2= pukan sapi, B3= cocopeat, B4=limbah media jamur). Uji homogenitas ragam data menggunakan uji Barlett dan uji Additivitas dengan uji Tukey setekah asumsi terpenuhi data diolah dengan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan jenis bahan organik berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang akar, jumlah umbi per sampel, jumlah umbi perpetak, diameter umbi, bobot basah umbi per sampel,bobot basah umbi perpetak. Pada perlakuan varietas berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, jumlah umbi perpetak, diameter umbi, bobot basah umbi per sampel, bobot basah umbi perpetak. Pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah varietas Bima Brebes dan varietas Tajuk, tidak dipengaruhi oleh jenis bahan organik yang digunakan (tidak terjadi interaksi).
DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN INDONESIA MELALUI NAVAL DIPLOMACY DAN SEA POWER DI LAUT CINA SELATAN PADA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Kurniawan Lutfi 
Published: August 2023

Implementasi diplomasi pertahanan terutama di wilayah maritim masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang ada pada proses diplomasi pertahanan suatu negara. Terdapat pemahaman akan strategi diplomasi pertahanan yang masih terlalu luas di wilayah maritim suatu negara, yaitu diplomasi maritim (maritime diplomacy) sehingga pelaksanaan diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah kelautan atau maritim suatu negara masih belum efektif. Studi-studi terdahulu memaparkan bahwa maritime diplomacy adalah suatu strategi dalam diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah maritim yang sangat luas dan identik dengan penggunaan aktor-aktor militer saja, sedangkan naval diplomacy merupakan diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah maritim yang juga melibatkan non-military actors. Melengkapi studi-studi sebelumnya, argumentasi dalam penelitian ini adalah naval diplomacy merupakan konsep diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah maritim yang lebih efektif diterapkan dibandingkan maritime diplomacy. Studi ini secara khusus menggambarkan strategi diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah maritim Indonesia yang bersinggungan dengan wilayah Laut Cina Selatan yang menggunakan strategi naval diplomacy menurut Ken Booth. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui data sekunder yang dihimpun dari berbagai sumber dalam jaringan seperti berita dan penelitian sebelumnya mengenai diplomasi pertahanan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah strategi diplomasi pertahanan maritim dengan naval diplomacy dan sea power merupakan strategi diplomasi pertahanan maritim di Laut Cina Selatan bagi Indonesia lebih efektif untuk diterapkan karena melibatkan proses negosiasi yang juga melibatkan non-state actors. Tetapi, model diplomasi ini belum dapat efektif dilaksanakan di Indonesia pada tahun 2020 lalu.
FORMULASI MINYAK ATSIRI (ESSENTIAL OIL) CENGKEH (OLEUM SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM) PADA PEMBUATAN EAU DE PARFUME
Authors: Itamar Syafika , Utomo Tanto Pratondo , Fadhallah Esa Ghanim , Raysid Harun Al 
Published: August 2023

Eau de parfume (EDP) adalah salah satu jenis parfum atau wewangian yang memiliki konsentrasi aromatik sekitar 15-20% dalam satuan mL perbotol. Indonesia memiliki potensi tanaman rempah penghasil minyak atsiri yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan aromatik pembuatan parfum, salah satunya tanaman cengkeh. Penelitian ini berutujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik mutu parfum dan menganalisis biaya pokok produksi pada formulasi parfum terbaik. Penelitian disusun dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor (A-B) dengan 5 pengulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yakni perbandingan minyak cengkeh : minyak aroma kakao : minyak pinus : minyak sereh dapur : minyak aroma kelapa, sebesar (mL) 1:4:1:1:3 (A1B1), 1:4:0,5:0,5:4 (A1B2), 0,8:4:1,1:1,1:3 (A2B1), 0,8:4:0,6:0,6:4 (A2B2). Parameter yang diamati yaitu uji hedonik warna, aroma, intensitas aroma dan tingkatan aroma serta perlakuan terbaik yaitu uji noda, uji ketahanan wangi, kesesuaian parfum, dan analisis harga pokok produksi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis kehomogenannya dengan uji Bartlet, selanjutnya dianalisis sidik ragam (ANARA), dan uji lanjut dengan DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasiEau de parfume cengkeh yang terbaik didapatkan pada formulasi A2B2 ( 4mL kelapa : 0,8mL cengkeh : 4mL kakao/coklat : 0,6mL pinus : 0,6mL serai dapur). Formulasi ini memiliki karakteristik tidak terdapat noda, dengan uji ketahanan wangi sampai 55,57% di jam ke 5, serta kesesuaian parfum yang diterima oleh para panelis dengan aroma warmwoody. Hasil analisis biaya produk menghasilkan harga jual Rp. 50.000 per ukuran 30mL.
STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN WRITING LINKING WORD
Authors: Alviona Dwi Marcella  
Published: August 2023

The objective of the research was to find out the students’ difficulties in writing linking word. The design of this research was descriptive method. The instrument of the research was linking word test by Buczko et.al (2017 :1-10) and questionnaire adapted from Pramadani (2021) about students’ difficulties. The result showed the fourth semester students in English study program have difficulties in writing linking word. The students lack knowledge about linking word because they difficult to understand the material so they difficult to identify linking word in the sentence. After that, the students also did not how much type of linking word and how to use it so they difficult to choose word and write the correct linking word that appropriate with the sentence. It is suggested the students: Students need the assistance to overcome the difficulties that they faced in writing linking word. The students should learn and practice to write linking word more to increase their ability in linking word.

Key words: Linking Word, Students Writing Difficulties
دور المؤسسات الثقافية في التصدي لظاهرة التطرف الفكري في العالم الاسلامي
Authors: الهلالي فاضل 
Published: August 2023

يعد موضوع (التطرف الفكري) من بين أبرز المواضيع التي اسهمت وبشكل كبير في التأثير على طبيعة ومسارات الاحداث والوقائع التي شهدها التاريخ الإسلامي وذلك منذ صدر الإسلام ولغاية الزمن المعاصر, اذ ان ما يتضمنه هذا الموضوع من دلالات وابعاد ومضامين لها الأثر الواضح والكبير في رسم وتشكيل التوجهات الفكرية المنغلقة التي لاترى من الحقيقة الا ما تؤمن به وتعتقده انه يمثل الصواب بالنسبة لها, وبصرف النظر عن أي اعتبارات أخرى مهما كانت حجيتها ودلالاتها فالحقيقة والصواب بالنسبة لها هي مطلقة وثابتة وواحدة, ولامكان للنقاش والحوار والجدل والاجتهاد بعد ذلك وبأي حال من الأحوال, ان هذا الفهم وهذا التصور هو بعيد كل البعد عن رسالة الإسلام التي هي في جوهرها وحقيقتها رسالة حوار وتفاهم وتسامح وتناصح واحترام متبادل وتعايش وسلام, كما في قوله تعالى (ادع الى سبيل ربك بالحكمة والموعظة الحسنة وجادلهم بالتي هي احسن ان ربك هو اعلم بمن ضل عن سبيله وهو اعلم بالمهتدين). صدق الله العلي العظيم
ان التراكم التاريخي لهذه الظاهرة الخطيرة (التطرف الفكري) اسهم وبشكل كبير في بروز تيارات فكرية متطرفة وخطيرة في شتى بلدان العالم الإسلامي, لاسيما على مستوى التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر, وهو الامر الذي أدى الى ظهور الحركات الإرهابية المتطرفة التي هددت السلم الأهلي والمجتمعي والاستقرار السياسي والازدهار الاقتصادي في الكثير من دول العالم الإسلامي.
ان طبيعة التحديات والرهانات التي تحملها وتطرحها المرحلة التاريخية الراهنة التي تعيشها المجتمعات الإسلامية تتطلب وبالحاح ضرورة التصدي لهذه الظاهرة الخطيرة (التطرف الفكري) ومن هنا يبرز أهمية الدور المحروي الذي تقوم به المؤسسات الثقافية في مختلف بلدان العالم الإسلامي في التصدي لهذه الظاهرة الخطيرة وذلك من خلال الدراسات والبحوث التي تعنى بتشخيص وتحليل هذه الظاهرة, وإيجاد المتطلبات والحلول والاليات الكفيلة في التصدي لها ومعالجة اثارها المدمرة, وذلك على الصعيد الثقافي (الفكري) وعلى الصعيد الاجتماعي والصعيد السياسي والصعيد الاقتصادي.
ان اصل وجوهر التحدي المطروح اليوم هو تحدي فكري وثقافي بالدرجة الأساس, ومن الضرورة بمكان وكما نعتقد ان نكون بمستوى هذا التحدي المطروح, اذ ان شبابنا واجيالنا المعاصرة واللاحقة تتعرض لهجمة فكرية وثقافية شرسة, ذات ابعاد وجوانب متعددة ومتنوعة يشغل حيز كبير منها جانب التطرف الفكري الذي اصبح العنوان الابرز لهذا العصر.
وعلى أساس ماتقدم سيحاول الباحث دراسة وبحث هذا الموضوع في بحث جاء بعنوان (دور المؤسسات الثقافية في التصدي لظاهرة التطرف الفكري في العالم الإسلامي) اذ تضمن البحث مبحثين أساسيين الأول جاء بعنوان (الاطار المفاهيمي لظاهرة التطرف الفكري) وجاء المبحث الثاني بعنوان (متطلبات واليات مواجهة ظاهرة التطرف الفكري في العالم الإسلامي).
ANALISIS REALISASI ANGGARAN UNTUK MENILAI EFEKTIVITAS KINERJA ANGGARAN PADA DINAS PERHUBUNGAN KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Marlena  , Retno Murnisari  , Nikita Larasati Purbaningrum  
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to analyze how the realization of the budget in assessing theeffectiveness of performance at the Department of Transportation of TulungagungRegency. The research method used is descriptive quantitative. The data collectionincludes data collection, observation, interviews and literature review. Researchvariables are Budget Realization and Budget Performance Effectiveness. The results ofthis study indicate that the Budget Realization Analysis to Assess the Effectiveness ofBudget Performance at the Tulungagung Regency Transportation Service for the 2019-2021 period is said to be very effective. Because the data that has been obtained byresearchers has been processed and get good results too
AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana realisasi anggarandalam menilai efektivitas kinerja pada Dinas Perhubungan KabupatenTulungagung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Deskriptif Kuantitatif.Pengumpulan datanya meliputi pengambilan data, observasi, wawancara dantinjauan pustaka. Variabel Penelitian adalah Realisasi Anggaran dan EfektivitasKinerja Anggaran. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa AnalisisRealisasi Anggaran Untuk Menilai Efektivitas Kinerja Anggaran pada DinasPerhubungan Kabupaten Tulungagung periode 2019-2021 dikatakan sangatefektif. Karena data-data yang telah peroleh peneliti sudah diolah danmendapatkan hasil yang baik pula.