bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the quality and reducing harmful microbes of total mixed ration silage with dried soybean curd residue
Authors: Yin Xiang , Fan Yang , Tian Rong , Tang Ruxue , Tian Jing , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe production of safe and high-quality silage has always been the main concern. This experiment aimed to investigate the impact of waste dried soybean curd residue (SR) and Lactobacillus plantarum CCZZ1 on the fermentation quality and microbial community of total mixed ration (TMR) silage based on Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum). Napier grass was made into TMR, and SR at 3%, 6% or 9% on dry material basis was included, which replaced the equivalent amount of corn meal, then they were inoculated without or with Lactobacillus plantarum CCZZ1 (105 cfu g−1; LP). The research results showed that incorporating SR even at 3% resulted in significant reduction in ammonia nitrogen content (87.3 g kg−1 total nitrogen vs. 109.7 g kg−1 total nitrogen), increased lactic acid content (34.4 g kg−1 DM vs. 25.5 g kg−1 DM), and higher relative abundance of Lactobacillus (94.5% vs. 32.2%). Additionally, it led to decreased relative abundances of pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli (< 0.1% vs. 9.68%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (< 0.1% vs. 9.46%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (< 0.1% vs. 8.53%) during the ensiling process. When SR was used together with LP inoculation, they were further improved. These findings suggest that the inclusion of SR, even at a 3% level without LP inoculation, can effectively improve the fermentation quality and microbial profile of TMR silage based on fresh Napier grass. This offers a promising technical approach to utilizing SR and producing safe and high-quality TMR silage based on fresh grass.

Graphical Abstract
Laboratory evaluation of a prototype portable gas chromatograph (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID) for toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (TEX) analysis
Authors: Yang Seunghyeon , Wickliffe Jeffrey , Kibelka Gottfried , Overton Edward B. , Lungu Claudiu T. , Oh Jonghwa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe standard method to evaluate human exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is in general performed by sampling the air on sorbents followed by liquid extraction and detection using laboratory gas chromatograph (GC). The conventional method is time and labor intensive and employs a toxic solvent which adds a risk factor as well as waste. Hence, there have been increasing demands for portable GC instruments which allow near real-time, in-situ analysis. In this study, the potential use of a prototype, dual column portable GC (protoGC) with flame ionization detector (FID) was examined by comparing its performance with a conventional GC laboratory method. Four target concentration levels (1x, 2x, 4x, and 8x; x = 1.12 ± 0.01 ppm) of toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-, m-, and p-xylene were generated in an exposure chamber (24 ± 1 °C and 50 ± 5% RH). The challenge atmosphere was directly sampled and analyzed with protoGC while for the conventional method it was sampled on a sorbent tube and analyzed with a laboratory GC/FID. The results of protoGC correlated well with the conventional method (r = 0.991–0.999), indicating that protoGC has comparable performance with the conventional method within the test conditions. Although two-way ANOVA showed significant differences in mean concentrations between the methods, the differences were small. protoGC would be useful to monitor VOCs in air with high temporal resolution or to quickly determine the safety of the environment of interest due to the substantial time savings in sampling and analysis. Further examinations at various environmental conditions and other analytes will be necessary to thoroughly evaluate its performance.
No significant post‐operative limb length difference following medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy in a multi‐ethnic Southeast Asian population
Authors: Betzler Brjan Kaiji , Saggi Sandip Singh , Liau Matthias Yi Quan , Koh Don Thong Siang , Lee Kong Hwee , Bin Abd Razak Hamid Rahmatullah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to assess the significance of post‐operative change in limb length in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO), and evaluate the correlation between correction angles and changes in limb length. We hypothesize that opening wedge height and correction angles directly correlate to changes in limb length.MethodsThe medical records and radiographs of 91 MOWHTO patients were retrospectively evaluated for relevant radiographical parameters both pre‐ and post‐operatively. The exclusion criteria are: (i) concurrent distal femur osteotomy in the same setting, (ii) other previous unilateral lower limb surgeries prior to MOWHTO and (iii) failure to follow‐up with post‐operative radiographs. A linear regression model was performed and a line of best fit, Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and coefficient of determination (R2) were computed. Chi‐squared test was also performed, and results with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThere is a statistically significant increase in post‐MOWHTO limb length (Absolute Δ = 4.3 ± 2.86 mm, % Δ = 0.652% ± 0.434%, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the limb length change between patients with larger (> 8 mm) and smaller (< 8 mm) opening widths.There was a weakly positive correlation between limb length change versus actual (R2 = 0.140, 95%CI [‐0.068, 0.336]) and planned correction angles (R2 = 0.196, 95%CI [‐0.012, 0.387]).ConclusionIn conclusion, post‐MOWHTO change in limb length is statistically significant, but the clinical significance is minimal. Further studies are required to assess other factors. Development of a reliable mathematical model that predicts post‐MOWHTO limb length change would be useful in predicting the anatomical outcomes.Level of evidenceLevel III. Retrospective Cohort Study.
Analysing biomarkers in oral fluid from pigs: influence of collection strategy and age of the pig
Authors: Ornelas Mario Andre S. , López‑Martínez María José , Franco-Martínez Lorena , Cerón José J. , Ortín-Bustillo Alba , Rubio Camila Peres , Manzanilla Edgar Garcia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and objectives
Oral fluid (OF) is an easy-to-collect, inexpensive, fast and non-invasive sample to characterize health and welfare status of the pig. However, further standardisation of the collection methods is needed in order to use it regularly in veterinary practice. Cotton ropes are routinely used to collect OF for pathogen detection but they may not be optimal for biomarker analysis due to sample contamination. This study compared two methods (cotton ropes and sponges) to collect porcine OF for biomarker analysis. A panel of 11 biomarkers of stress, inflammation, sepsis, immunity, redox status and general homeostasis was studied.

Materials and methods
Eighteen farrow-to-finish pig farms were included in the study. In each farm, three (for sponges) or four pens of pigs (for ropes) were sampled at four age categories: the week after weaning (5 weeks), before (11–12 weeks) and after (12–13 weeks) moving to finisher facility and the week before slaughter (22–25 weeks). In total, 288 OF samples were collected with cotton ropes and 216 with sponges and analysed for the biomarkers: cortisol, alpha-amylase, oxytocin (stress), haptoglobin (inflammation), procalcitonin (sepsis), adenosine deaminase, immunoglobulin G (immune system), ferric reducing antioxidant power (redox status), and creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein (general homeostasis). Samples were also scored visually for dirtiness using a score from 1 (clean) to 5 (very dirty).

Results
Rope-collected OF had higher levels of dirtiness (3.7 ± 0.04) compared to sponge-collected OF (2.7 ± 0.15) and had higher values than sponges for cortisol, procalcitonin, oxytocin, haptoglobin, total protein, lactate dehydrogenase and ferric reducing antioxidant power. All biomarkers decreased in value with age. Immunoglobulin G did not perform well for any of the two collection methods.

Discussion and conclusion
The results showed a clear effect of age on the biomarkers in OF collected with both, sponges or ropes. Sponges provided a cleaner sample than cotton ropes for biomarker analysis. Both methods are easy to apply under the commercial conditions in pig farms although sponges may take more time in early weaner stages. From a practical point of view, sampling with sponges achieved the best combination of reduced sampling time and low contamination.
Role of micro-RNAs 21, 124 and other novel biomarkers in distinguishing between group 1 WHO pulmonary hypertension and group 2, 3 WHO pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Dimitry Mark O. , Soliman Youssef M. A. , ElKorashy Reem I. , Raslan Hala M. , Kamel Solaf A. , Hassan Eman M. , Ahmed Fatma Elzahraa , Yousef Rasha N. , Awadallah Eman A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary hypertension “PH” is considered a serious cardiovascular disease. World Health Organization divided PH into groups depending on many factors like pathological, hemodynamic, and clinical pictures. Lately, various micro-RNAs “miRNAs” and other novel biomarkers like endoglin and asymmetric dimethylarginine “ADMA” might have a role in diagnosis of PH and may differentiate between pulmonary arterial hypertension “PAH” and non-PAH. The purpose of the study is to show the role of miR-21, miR-124, endoglin and ADMA in the diagnosis of PH and distinguishing between WHO group 1 PH and WHO group 2 and 3 PH and to identify patients who might benefit from non-invasive and inexpensive tools to diagnose PAH.

Results
miR-21 was upregulated in group 1 PH, and there was significant difference between group 1 PH as compared with group 2 PH, group 3 PH and control; miR-124 was down-regulated in group 1 PH with highly significant difference between group 1 and group 2 PH and control but no significant difference with group 3 PH, endoglin was elevated in group 1 PH with a significant difference as compared to group 2 PH, group 3 PH and control. ADMA was elevated in group 1 PH as compared to control; however, there was no significant difference between it and group 2, 3 PH.

Conclusions
miR-21, miR-124, endoglin and ADMA are good biomarkers to diagnose PH; however, only miR-21 and endoglin could distinguish group 1 PH from group 2 and 3 PH.
Meta-analysis of microarray and RNAseq data reveal OsbZIP52 to mediate salt stress responses in sensitive, tolerant and halophyte rice varieties
Authors: Chatterjee Dipankor , Shohan Mohammad Umer Sharif , Tamanna Nishat , Seraj Zeba I. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development of salt-tolerant rice has become urgent due to climate change and rising global rice consumption. A large-scale analysis using different but related platforms has become imperative to filter out candidate genes responsible for salinity tolerance and salinity stress-responsive pathways. Such genes can be used to find prospective candidate salt resistance genes in donor rice genotypes and transfer them to high-yielding rice varieties. We performed a meta-analysis to screen out candidate genes using stress-related three microarray and one RNASeq datasets from NCBI. As different genotypes of rice and different salinity stress conditions were considered in our analysis, the sensitivity of the results is expected to be multi-fold higher. Our analysis revealed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) OsbZIP52 and OsLTP2.5 to be common between leaf and root tissues. These genes were further compared with those of the wild halophytic rice Oryza coarctata expression data in stress conditions to understand the significance of these genes. The OsbZIP52 gene homolog of Oryza coarctata was the only one found to be differentially expressed. The expression level of OsbZIP52 was quantified using RT-qPCR and observed downregulated expression in salt stress in root and leaf tissues of four rice cultivars (2 salt-tolerant and 2 salt-sensitive). Promoter and motif analysis revealed a high number of variations in promoter and motif regions of the gene in IR29 salt-sensitive rice. Expression correlation analysis and Gene Ontology study suggested that OsbZIP52 interacts with genes that are engaged in stress response and participate in stress-responsive pathways. Collectively this study increases our understanding of the differential gene expression in various stress conditions in root and leaf tissues. It also helped identify a critical regulatory transcription factor in assisting the plant in combating salinity stress.
Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy Strategies in Patients with Unresectable or Borderline Resectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Evidence for a Lack of Focus on Resection Rates
Authors: Zmuc Jan , Heil Jan , Herfarth Caroline , Bechstein Wolf O. , Koch Christine , Trojan Jörg , Schnitzbauer Andreas A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Chemotherapy (CTx) with targeted therapy (TT) have increased the overall response rate (ORR) and improved survival in unresectable or borderline resectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the resection rate is an endpoint with often suboptimal expert involvement. The aim was to investigate whether the improvements in ORR have translated to improved resection rates (RR).

Study design
A systematic literature search was performed using the PICO process.

Statistical analysis
Odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (OR, 95% CI) were analyzed for ORR and RR using dichotomous values with the Mantel-Haenszel method. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the inverse-variance method and displayed as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (HR, 95% CI).

Results
The literature search returned 469 records. Sixteen articles with 5724 patients were selected for analysis. The qualitative analysis revealed low and moderate risk of bias endpoints. Higher ORR was observed with CTx + TT versus CTx only (OR: 0.62 [95% CI 0.45; 0.82], p = 0.002) and with triplet CTx + TT versus doublet CTx + TT (OR: 0.61 [95% CI 0.46; 0.81], p < 0.001). PFS and OS were improved by use of TT (HR: 0.68–0.84; p < 0.001 to 0.04). The overall RR was low (< 15%) and did not improve in the same way as the other endpoints.

Conclusion
The ORR and survival rates in unresectable and borderline resectable mCRC were improved by modern CTx and TT that did not translate into higher RR, mostly due to the lack of expert involvement.
Case Report: Synchronous primary location of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and adenocarcinoma of the colon: an unusual occurrence
Authors: Sghaier Asma , El Ghali Amine , Fradi Khalil , Chiba Dorra , Hamila Fehmi , Youssef Sabri 
Published: August 2023

Background: We have little knowledge about the synchronous occurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and other types of histologic tumors. This association is very rare. Case presentation: We describe a case of synchronous stromal tumor and adenocarcinoma of the left side colonic localization. Immunohistochemistry identified c-Kit expression. The discovery of colonic adenocarcinoma was on operative specimen after histologic examination. The patient underwent left carcinologic colectomy with stoma. Follow-up at one year postoperatively did not detect tumor recurrence. Discussion: Clinical implications of the association between these two neoplasms are not clearly described. Treatment depends on the dominance of one histologic type. Knowledge of the genetic data of this association offers opportunity of treatment with the new targeted-therapy molecules. Surgical resection, may remain the curative treatment. Conclusions: Synchronous adenocarcinoma and GIST has been more commonly described in the stomach. The pathogeneses of tumorigenesis may not be the same for the two tumors. More studies seem be necessary to clarify a potential role of different genes in the development of adenocarcinomas. And therefore, above all their therapeutic implications
UNICORNS: Uveitis in childhood prospective national cohort study protocol
Authors: Kellett Salomey , Rahi Jugnoo S , Dick Andrew D. , Knowles Rachel , Tadić Valerija , Solebo Ameenat Lola 
Published: August 2023

Background: Childhood uveitis is a rare inflammatory eye disease which is typically chronic, relapsing-remitting in nature, with an uncertain aetiology (idiopathic). Visual loss occurs due to structural damage caused by uncontrolled inflammation. Understanding of the determinants of long term outcome is lacking, including the predictors of therapeutic response or how to define disease control. Aims: To describe disease natural history and outcomes amongst a nationally representative group of children with non-infectious uveitis, describe the impact of disease course on quality of life for both child and family, and identify determinants of adverse visual, structural and developmental outcomes. Methods: UNICORNS is a prospective longitudinal multicentre cohort study of children newly diagnosed with uveitis about whom a core minimum clinical dataset will be collected systematically. Participants and their families will also complete patient-reported outcome measures annually from recruitment. The association of patient (child- and treatment- dependent) characteristics with outcome will be investigated using logistic and ordinal regression models which incorporate adjustment for within-child correspondence between eyes for those with bilateral disease and repeated outcomes measurement. Discussion: Through this population based, prospective longitudinal study of childhood uveitis, we will describe the characteristics of childhood onset disease. Early (1-2 years following diagnosis) outcomes will be described in the first instance, and through the creation of a national inception cohort, longer term studies will be enabled of outcome for affected children and families.
Medical mentorship deconstructed: an analysis and structural recommendation for high value mentorship
Authors: Kim Duane , Manzo Rosa D. , Montoya Michael , Nguyen Marissa , Vang Kao Houa , Weber Lindsey , Yepez Marisela 
Published: August 2023

Background: Mentorship is an important component for young students interested in pursuing a career in medicine. In medically underserved areas, such as rural areas, mentorship can be sparse due to the lack of access to healthcare professionals. The purpose of this project was to gain an understanding of the mentorship received by practicing medical students. Methods: The authors conducted structured, one-on-one interviews with 10 current medical students about their perceptions and experiences with mentorship. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes and subthemes. Results: Our findings revolve around three time periods of mentorship: 1) Before Obtaining a Mentor; 2) During the Mentorship; and 3) After the Mentorship. In our findings we describe key characteristics such as professional development, personal qualities of the mentor, and professional and personal guidance as important components in guiding the mentee starting from the undergraduate level and continuing to their current level of education. Conclusion: Interviewees’ experiences with and perspectives on the mentorship they received were generally positive, though it was evident there are some aspects of the mentee-mentor relationship that can be improved. Building on the results obtained, setting expectations, providing mentor training, and pairing mentors/mentees from similar backgrounds are what we propose to create fulfilling and meaningful relationships between a mentee and mentor.
Pedagogical conditions for forming the readiness of future specialists in computer technologies to professional activity
Authors: Hiltai Lesia 
Published: August 2023

The study is devoted to the actual problem of training and professional self-improvement of future specialists in computer technologies in institutions of higher education. An analysis of pedagogical conditions for the professional self-improvement of future computer technology specialists, which contribute to the formation of the readiness of future computer technology specialists for professional activity, was carried out, the essence of the concept of «Pedagogical conditions» was clarified. The work considers pedagogical strategies, aspects and approaches aimed at developing the competencies of future specialists, including technical, communicative, analytical and creative skills. The structural components, criteria, methods, means, and approaches are determined, the methodological approaches of forming the readiness of future computer technology specialists for professional self-improvement are substantiated.
The results of the study can contribute to the improvement of educational programs, methods and approaches in the training of future specialists in computer technologies that meet the requirements of the labor market and the technological challenges of today.
Treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation of the shoulder in adults - press review
Authors: Wojcik Bartlomiej , Świąder Kinga , Van der Bend Kalina , Lis Agata 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Acromioclavicular joint dislocation is one of the most common shoulder injuries treated in a sport‐active population. In this article we reviewed the epidemiology, symptoms, and various surgical techniques for the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation.
Material and methods: The work was based on medical articles collected in PubMed, websites and medical books. The research was conducted by looking at keywords such as: "acromioclaviculal dislocation", "treatment of acromioclaviculal dislocation ".
Results: There are many methods of treating acromioclaviculal dislocation, ranging from conservative treatment to surgical treatment.
Conclusions: Treating acute and chronic ACJ injuries is still a challenging task.The myriad of existing techniques is indicative for the uncertainty regarding this topic and a gold standard has not yet been determined. However, when diagnosed correctly and treated accordingly, results are overall satisfactory.
Voluntary Disclosure, Moral Hazard, and Default Risk
Authors: Fu Shiming , Trigilia Giulio 
Published: August 2023

We study a dynamic moral hazard setting where the manager has private evidence that predicts the firm’s cash flows. Bad-news disclosure is rewarded by a lower borrowing cost relative to the no-evidence case, whereas no disclosure leads to higher borrowing costs. For a given capital structure, disclosure reduces the firm’s default risk by lowering its pay-for-performance sensitivity. However, for a set of low-profitability firms, the anticipation of future disclosure of information by managers lowers both firm value and managerial rents at the financing stage because of a reduction in the firm’s initial liquidity. The model can reconcile the empirical evidence on the effects of providing earnings guidance, especially for loss firms. This paper was accepted by Bruno Biais, finance. Funding: S. Fu is supported by the Shanghai Pujiang Program and the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning [Grant 0900000182]. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4860 .