bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
World Literature as a Special Issue
Authors: Orsini Francesca 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In India, as in other parts of the world, readers’ exposure to the world and to world literatures largely took place through the pages of magazines, via translations, reviews, snippets of information, survey articles, and so on. The 1950s to 1970s were the golden age of magazine publishing in Hindi. Several Hindi magazines devoted to the short story not only showcased new literary talent but also invested much effort in translating writings from foreign literatures and from other Indian languages. Competing Cold War efforts to promote literatures from their rival spheres of influence produced a profusion of literary translations in magazine and book form, on which enterprising Hindi editors freely drew. This essay focuses on the spectacular special issues curated by Kamleshwar for two Hindi story magazines to explore the nexus between the short story, the magazine, and the world.
Paul’s Visits to Jerusalem
Authors: Reiher Jim 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The problem of how Paul’s visits to Jerusalem noted in Galatians, line up with Luke’s record in Acts, is well known and the debate over this has been going on for a very long time. After exploring a range of papers on this issue that span a century and a half, this paper briefly introduces the reader to Willis J. Beecher, and summarises his thesis. Beecher proposed that the Galatians 1 visit, is the first visit the converted Paul made to Jerusalem, but it is not recorded in the book of Acts. The Galatians 2 visit is then seen to be the visit Luke records in Acts 9. This unique and creative approach to the two documents demands a rethink of the chronology from Paul’s conversion to the first missionary journey. There are also some new questions that arise because of this alignment and the author grapples with these as well. The article concludes with an appeal: it is time to ignore this theory no longer, but rather we should allow it to be seriously considered when the questions arise concerning the way Galatians and Acts inform our understanding of the converted Paul’s early years of activity.
Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability “Tube” and “Knot” Dynamics. Part II: KHI T&K Dynamics in a Multiscale Gravity Wave Direct Numerical Simulation
Authors: Fritts David C. , Wang Ling 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A companion paper by Fritts et al. reviews evidence for Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) “tube” and “knot” (T&K) dynamics that appear to be widespread throughout the atmosphere. Here we describe the results of an idealized direct numerical simulation of multiscale gravity wave dynamics that reveals multiple larger- and smaller-scale KHI T&K events. The results enable assessments of the environments in which these dynamics arise and their competition with concurrent gravity wave breaking in driving turbulence and energy dissipation. A larger-scale event is diagnosed in detail and reveals diverse and intense T&K dynamics driving more intense turbulence than occurs due to gravity wave breaking in the same environment. Smaller-scale events reveal that KHI T&K dynamics readily extend to weaker, smaller-scale, and increasingly viscous shear flows. Our results suggest that KHI T&K dynamics should be widespread, perhaps ubiquitous, wherever superposed gravity waves induce intensifying shear layers, because such layers are virtually always present. A second companion paper demonstrates that KHI T&K dynamics exhibit elevated turbulence generation and energy dissipation rates extending to smaller Reynolds numbers for relevant KHI scales wherever they arise. These dynamics are suggested to be significant sources of turbulence and mixing throughout the atmosphere that are currently ignored or underrepresented in turbulence parameterizations in regional and global models.

Significance Statement
Atmospheric observations reveal that Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities (KHI) often exhibit complex interactions described as “tube” and “knot” (T&K) dynamics in the presence of larger-scale gravity waves (GWs). These dynamics may prove to make significant contributions to energy dissipation and mixing that are not presently accounted for in large-scale modeling and weather prediction. We explore here the occurrence of KHI T&K dynamics in an idealized model that describes their behavior and character arising at larger and smaller scales due to superposed, large-amplitude GWs. The results reveal that KHI T&K dynamics arise at larger and smaller scales, and that their turbulence intensities can be comparable to those of the GWs.
Parkinsonism as the presenting manifestation of lupus: A case-based review
Authors: MV Prakashini , Maikap Debashis , Padhan Prasanta 
Published: June 2023

Introduction Neuropsychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occur in about half of the patients; however, movement disorders like Parkinsonism are rare. We describe a case of SLE who presented solely with features of Parkinsonism. Case report 50-year-old female presented with global slowing of movements and slowing of speech since 2 months. On examination, she had mask-like facies with a faint malar rash sparing the nasolabial folds, hard palate ulcer, cog-wheel rigidity, and proximal muscle weakness. Lab evaluation revealed lymphopenia, high ESR, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine phosphokinase, AST, and ALT levels. She had high anti-dsDNA levels with low complements. Urinalysis showed proteinuria and hematuria. ANA was positive at a titer of 1:320, and she had positive anti-ribosomal-P antibody. She had severe flare with a SLEDAI of 33. She was treated with pulse IV methylprednisolone followed by cyclophosphamide (NIH protocol). At 4 weeks follow-up, she had dramatic improvement in her Parkinsonian symptoms and her proximal muscle weakness. Discussion The prevalence of movement disorders in cases of neuropsychiatric SLE is very low at 0.7%, with chorea being most frequent and Parkinsonism rare. The pathogenesis is multifactorial including anti-dopaminergic antibodies or associated anti-phospholipids causing microvascular thrombosis or vasculitis of the thalamostriatal arteries or disease activity itself. As in our case, immunosuppression and optimal treatment of active lupus reverts symptoms in most cases. Conclusion A high index of suspicion needs to be exercised in cases of SLE presenting with Parkinsonism as adequate immunosuppression translates to near-complete recovery.
Comparing the utility of the weighted Corflo® and the Comforsoft® nasogastric feeding tubes in administering activated charcoal: A randomised, cross-over, non-inferiority manikin study
Authors: Yeung Hoi Yee , Lam Rex Pui Kin , Tsui Matthew Sik Hon 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Activated charcoal is administered through a nasogastric tube to some poisoned patients, but occasionally the insertion of unweighted nasogastric tube fails in the emergency department. Weighted nasogastric tube with a stylet, for example, the Corflo® nasogastric tube, facilitates insertion, but it is not clear whether it would impede activated charcoal delivery. We aimed to compare the utility of the Corflo® and usual (Comforsoft®) nasogastric tubes in administering activated charcoal in manikins. Method: This was a single-centre, randomised, single-blinded, crossover manikin non-inferiority trial involving 28 participants. Each participant administered 50 g of activated charcoal using the Corflo® and Comforsoft® nasogastric tubes in a random sequence interspersed with a 2-hour washout period. We compared the difference in the time required for activated charcoal administration with a pre-defined non-inferiority margin of 300 seconds and the perceived level of effort between the two nasogastric tubes. Results: The mean time for administering 50 g of activated charcoal through the Comforsoft® and the Corflo® nasogastric tube were 87.1 s and 301.6 s, respectively. The mean difference of 203.2 s (95% confidence interval: 147.5–258.9, p < 0.001) was within the non-inferiority margin. The perceived level of effort was significantly higher with the Corflo® nasogastric tube (mean effort score 7.0 vs 1.4, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our study provides experimental data to support the use of the Corflo® nasogastric tube as a non-inferior alternative to the usual nasogastric tube in administering activated charcoal to poisoned emergency department patients. More studies are warranted to verify the findings and optimise the settings for AC administration.
Cross-cultural validation of the Short-Form Vascular Access Questionnaire
Authors: Barros João Pedro , Fonseca João A. , Pinto Rui , Pratas Jorge , Cruz-Correia Ricardo 
Published: June 2023

Background: Vascular access (VA) is a central condition for hemodialysis (HD). Screening patients’ views regarding their VA is a significant end point for improving the quality of care. The Short-form Vascular Access Questionnaire (SF-VAQ) is a specific questionnaire to assess patients’ satisfaction levels regarding their VA. Purpose: This study aims to develop the Portuguese version of the SF-VAQ and assess its psychometric properties. Methods: A forward and back translation was used. A multicentric study was conducted with 156 patients undergoing hemodialysis to psychometric testing. Reliability (internal consistency and test-retest) was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. A construct validity test was conducted using factor analysis. The convergent validity was calculated using the correlation coefficient. Results: An obtained Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77 indicates good internal consistency. The test-retest reliability was established using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.771. The four sub-scales proposed by the instrument’s designer were confirmed, which together accounted for 53% of the variance. The correlation with the Visual Analogue Scale was r = 0.895 ( p < 0.001), confirming the convergent validity. Conclusion: The Portuguese version of the SF-VAQ is a valid and reliable instrument with good psychometric properties to be implemented to promote an evaluation of VA satisfaction in HD patients and improve patient care.
Perforated intravenous catheter design is acceptable for the administration of contrast-enhanced computed tomography administration in cancer patients: Results of a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gavin Nicole C , Wignall Elizabeth , Marsh Nicole , Marquart Louise , Dobeli Karen L , O’Brien Catherine , Verderosa Anthony D , Totsika Makrina , Keogh Samantha 
Published: June 2023

Background: Optimising first time success of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) insertion and reducing intravenous (IV) complications in cancer patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is vital to ensure vascular access preservation and diagnostic accuracy. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluating a novel perforated PIVC compared to a standard PIVC. Methods: A single centre, parallel-group, pilot RCT was conducted between March and May 2020. Adult participants diagnosed with cancer were randomised to a non-perforated PIVC (standard care) or a PIVC with a novel perforated design (intervention) for the administration of IV contrast. There were two primary outcomes: (1) feasibility of an adequately powered RCT with pre-established criteria; and (2) all-cause PIVC failure. Secondary outcomes included: first insertion success, modes of PIVC failure, dwell time, contrast injection parameters (volume and injection rate), contrast enhancement, radiographer satisfaction and adverse events. Results: Feasibility outcomes were met, except for eligibility (⩾90%) and recruitment (⩾90%). In total, 166 participants were screened, 128 (77%) were eligible and of these 101/128 (79%) were randomised; 50 to standard care and 51 to intervention. First time insertion rate was 94% (47/50) in standard care and 90% (46/50) in intervention. The median dwell time was 37 minutes (interquartile range (IQR): 25–55) in standard care and 35 minutes (IQR: 25–60) in the intervention group. There was one PIVC failure, a contrast media extravasation, in the intervention group (1/51; 2%). The desired contrast injection rate was not achieved in 4/101 (4%) of participants; two from each group. Radiographers were satisfied with the contrast flow rate. Conclusions: This pilot RCT suggests perforated PIVCs provide expected flow rate, with no evidence of differences in contrast enhancement to non-perforated PIVCs. The feasibility of conducting a larger powered RCT was demonstrated.
The persistence of bias in education: A call for research to move policy and practice from aspiration to results
Authors: Smith Jo , Meyer Frauke , McClure Heather 
Published: June 2023

While it seems the world has made significant social and political progress in the last 50 years by, for example, in many countries decriminalising homosexuality, ensuring greater freedom regarding gender identity, acknowledging women’s rights, or removing racist policies, in the last few years, the world seemed to have turned back into a direction that jeopardises the progress made. Educational institutions are often thought of as progressive spaces; however, the institutions themselves operate in a societal and political context that reflect beliefs – wrong or right – that societies hold. Education researchers and policymakers have attempted to conceptualise a response to address bias, but challenges remain. How policies that highlight the importance of inclusive learning environments, and a recognition and celebration of diversity translate into practice and whether the kind of change envisioned is actually taking place in classrooms and lecture theatres is not well documented. While studies have focussed on establishing the links between bias, teacher behaviour and student learning, few studies have documented effective and sustained efforts to dismantle bias in education. We take the stance in this paper that policies aimed at reducing bias can set parameters aimed at shifting practices, however, what is also needed are interventions at every level of the system to change biased beliefs of those implementing policies, leading in schools and teaching students in classrooms. However, typical professional development only highlights bias theoretically and is inadequate to change teachers’ beliefs. Without disrupting beliefs that perpetuate bias, policies remain aspirational, and intervention outcomes remain elusive. We know from decades of research that bias persists in educational systems, institutions and practices; what we need is research situated at the intersection of policy and practice so that we move from identifying inequities to documenting ways to address them.
An Observational Crossover Study of People Using Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitors Versus Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose: Real-World Evidence Using Electronic Medical Record Data From More Than 12,000 People With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Noor Nudrat , Norman Gregory , Sonabend Rona , Chao Lily , Kamboj Manmohan , Golden Lauren , Bekx M. Tracy , Hseih Susan , Levy Carol , Sanchez Janine , Rapaport Robert , Ebekozien Osagie 
Published: June 2023

Background: We used real-world electronic health record (EHR) data to examine HbA1c levels among children and adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who are classified as continuous glucose monitor (CGM) users after T1D diagnosis and switch to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) during follow-up, versus people who opt for SMBG after T1D diagnosis and switch to CGM during follow-up visits. Methods: We conducted an observational, case-crossover study using electronic medical record (EMR) data from the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative. The primary outcome in this study was HbA1c. Baseline HbA1c levels were taken at the index date, corresponding to initial device classification, and compared with HbA1c value recorded at the clinic visit following device switch. Results: Of all patients classified in the SMBG group, 7,706 switched to CGM use within the 5-year study time frame, and 5,123 of all initial CGM users switched to SMBG within the study time frame and were included in this analysis. At baseline, median (interquartile range [IQR]) HbA1c for SMBG use was 8.1 (2.4), whereas postcrossover to CGM use, there was a decline in median (IQR) levels to 7.7 (1.9) ( P < .001). For baseline CGM users, median (IQR) HbA1c levels were 7.9 (2.0), and postcrossover to SMBG, median (IQR) HbA1c levels increased to 8.0 (2.9) ( P < .001). Conclusion: We found that people who switched to CGM use had significantly improved HbA1c levels compared to those who switched to glucose monitoring with SMBG.
The Effects of the Ward Environment and Language in Palliative Care: A Qualitative Exploratory Study of Victorian Nurses’ Perspectives
Authors: Miller Elizabeth M. , Porter Joanne E. , Barbagallo Michael S. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives: The current study aimed to explore regional nurses’ perspectives of how bad news is delivered and the physical, natural, social, and symbolic environments where these conversations occur. Background: In regional hospitals within Victoria, Australia, palliative and end-of-life patients are cared for in acute wards that are often busy, noisy, and do not have a palliative psychosocial focus. On the other hand, Palliative Care Units (PCUs) have more home-like dedicated spaces, yet nearly all these facilities are in metropolitan areas. Diagnostic/prognostic (bad news) conversations about life-limiting illnesses often occur at the bedside in both environments. Method: Nurses providing palliative or end-of-life care in regional or metropolitan Victorian hospital inpatient wards were invited to interview and recruited through social media and snowballing. Six semi-structured, audio-recorded online interviews were conducted between March and May 2022, and themes were developed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with six female, registered nurses, four of whom worked in regional Victorian hospitals and two in metropolitan PCUs as Nurse Unit Managers. Three central themes were developed: “conducting family meetings,” “palliative care practice,” and “the environment matters.” Conclusions: A therapeutic environment for palliative patients and their families consists of home-like ambience and aesthetics and a psychosocial environment created by staff who can provide holistic palliative care. Holistic palliative care requires mentoring and mirroring of expert practice to increase the expertise and capacity of the palliative care workforce in acute general hospital wards.
Seeking Equity; Pathway Programs in Liaison Committee on Medical Education Medical Schools for Minoritized Students
Authors: Ogunyemi Dotun , Westermeyer Claire , Eghbali Mason , Patel Priyesh , Struble Sarah , Arogyaswamy Sagarika , Teixeira Amir , Raval Niren , Gentry Michael , Lee Tommy , Arabian Sarkis 
Published: June 2023

Objectives There is a paucity of data on pathway programs that seek to increase underrepresented in medicine (URiM) students in medicine. Therefore, this investigation aimed to describe the status and associations of pathway programs at US medical schools. Methods From May to July 2021, the authors obtained information by (1) accessing pathway programs listed on the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) website, (2) reviewing websites of US medical schools, (3) calling medical schools to obtain further information. The data retrieved from the medical school websites was compiled into a 27-item checklist based on the maximum number of different items that was extracted from any of the medical school websites. The data included program characteristics, curricula, activities, and outcomes. Each program was assessed on the number of categories of which information was available. Statistical analyses determined significant associations of URiM-focused pathways and other factors. Results The authors identified 658 pathway programs: 153 (23%) listed on AAMC website and 505 (77%) identified from medical school websites. Only 88 (13%) programs listed outcomes and 143 (22%) had adequate website information. URiM-focused programs (48%) were independently associated with AAMC website listing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.62, P  =  .001), no fees requirement (aOR  =  3.33, P  =  .001), oversight by diversity departments (aOR  =  2.05, P  =  .012), Medical College Admission Test preparations (aOR  =  2.70, P  =  .001), research opportunities (aOR  =  1.51, P  =  .022), and mentoring (aOR  =  2.58., P < .001). Programs targeting K1-12 were less likely to offer mentoring, shadowing or research or include URiM students. Programs with outcomes were more likely to be college programs with longer durations and offer research, while programs listed on AAMC website provided more resources. Conclusion Although pathway programs are available for URiM students, accessibility issues due to inadequate websites information and early exposure are barriers. Most programs have insufficient data on their website, including a lack of outcome data which is detrimental in today's virtual climate. Medical schools should update their websites to ensure that students requiring support to matriculate into medical school have adequate and relevant information to make informed decisions regarding participation.
Interactive CBT for headache and relaxation training (iCHART): Study protocol of a single-arm trial of interactive voice response technology delivery of cognitive-behavioral therapy for Veterans with post-traumatic headache
Authors: Grinberg Amy S , Datre Olivia , Rogers Daniel G , Clark Sarah W , Takagishi Stanley C , Ney John P , Seng Elizabeth K , Fenton Brenda T , Sico Jason J 
Published: June 2023

Background: Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is persistent and highly disabling. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for headache (CBT-HA) reduces headache frequency and severity and improves people’s quality of life, yet it is underutilized and inaccessible to many. Leveraging technology to deliver evidence-based psychological treatments for headache may address barriers to treatment engagement. Methods/design: This single-arm, single-site pilot trial aims to test the feasibility, acceptability, clinical signal, and cost of a five-session CBT-HA intervention delivered via interactive voice response technology (IVR). Participants will include 35 Veterans with PTH receiving care within VA Connecticut Healthcare System. Participants will complete an intake interview and a 9-item, 30-day electronic headache diary during a baseline run-in period. The same diary will be done again by participants immediately after treatment completion. Following the baseline assessment period, eligible participants will receive CBT-HA via IVR for 10 weeks, including an automated daily assessment of patient-reported outcomes and retrieval of biweekly tailored feedback from a study therapist. In addition, participants will access an electronic patient workbook, and study therapists will visualize patient-reported data through a secure provider dashboard. Participants will complete validated and reliable assessment measures at baseline, immediately post-treatment completion (week 10), and 1-month post-treatment completion (week 14). The primary clinical signal outcome is the change in self-reported headache days from the 30-day baseline run-in period before treatment (weeks −4 to 0) to the 30-day post-treatment completion (weeks 10–14). Paired-samples t-tests will explore changes in outcomes from baseline. All cost analyses will be exploratory and will use micro-costing techniques. Trial Registration: Clinical Trials.gov: NCT05093556. Registered October 26, 2021.