bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of platelet rich plasma injection in the therapy of youth ankle joint instability with cartilage injury
Authors: Zhou Yiqin , Yang Xiaolei , Wang Huan , Liu Ziye , Zhu Jun , Wang Wei , Han Yaguang , Wang Song 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim To estimate the clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in the therapy of Chronic Ankle Instabiliy (CAI) in young adults. Methods 80 sufferers with CAI with cartilage injury (from March 2018 to March 2021) enrolled to our hospital were differentiated into two groups at random (n = 40/group). The arthroscopic group and the PRP with arthroscopic group were handled with ankle arthroscopy and PRP injection combined with ankle arthroscopy respectively. The ankle dorsal extension, metatarsal flexion range of motion and pain, ankle function and balance ability were contrasted among the two groups before and 6 months after therapy. The levels of serum indexes were contrasted among the two groups pre-therapy and post-therapy. Results 6 months after therapy, the ankle dorsal extension, metatarsal flexion activity, visual analog score (VAS), American orthopedic foot, ankle society (AOFAS) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores were boosted in two groups, and versus the arthroscopic group, the ankle dorsal extension, metatarsal flexion motion and AOFAS, BBS scores were enhanced and VAS scores were lessened in the PRP with arthroscopic group. The contents of MMP-3, TIMP-1 and TNF- α were boosted in both groups, and versus the arthroscopic group, the contents of MMP-3, TIMP-1 and TNF-α were memorably lessened in the PRP with arthroscopic group. Conclusion The application of PRP injection combined with ankle arthroscopic surgery in the therapy of young CAI sufferers merged with cartilage injury is helpful to relieve ankle pain and improve ankle function.
Factors influencing the institutionalization of Health Technology Assessment in Kenya.
Authors: Mbau Rahab , Vassall Anna , Gilson Lucy , Barasa Edwine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a global interest in institutionalizing health technology assessment (HTA) as an approach for explicit healthcare priority-setting. Institutionalization of HTA refers to the process of conducting and utilizing HTA as a normative practice for guiding resource allocation decisions within the health system. In this study, we aimed to examine factors influencing institutionalization of HTA in Kenya.
Methods
We conducted a qualitative case study using document reviews and in-depth interviews with 30 participants involved in the HTA institutionalization process. We used a thematic approach to analyze the data.
Results
We found that institutionalization of HTA in Kenya was being supported by factors such as establishment of organizational structures for HTA; availability of legal frameworks and policies on HTA; increasing availability of awareness creation and capacity-building initiatives for HTA; policymakers’ interests in universal health coverage and optimal allocation of resources; technocrats’ interests in evidence-based processes; presence of international collaboration for HTA; and lastly, involvement of bilateral agencies. On the other hand, institutionalization of HTA was being undermined by limited availability of skilled human resources, financial resources, and information resources for HTA; lack of HTA guidelines and decision-making frameworks; limited HTA awareness among subnational stakeholders; and industries’ interests in safeguarding their revenue.
Conclusions
Kenya’s Ministry of Health can facilitate institutionalization of HTA by adopting a systemic approach that involves: - a) introducing long-term capacity-building initiatives to strengthen human and technical capacity for HTA; b) earmarking national health budgets to ensure adequate financial resources for HTA; c) introducing a cost database and promoting timely data collection to ensure availability of data for HTA; d) developing context specific HTA guidelines and decision-making frameworks to facilitate HTA processes; e) conducting deeper advocacy to strengthen HTA awareness among subnational stakeholders; and f) managing stakeholders’ interests to minimize opposition to institutionalization of HTA.
Cytokines associated with the prognosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy after intravitreal conbercept injection combined with vitrectomy
Authors: Liu Shuang , Cheng Yan , Wu hong , Liu Zaoxia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate aqueous cytokine levels associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) prognosis after intravitreal conbercept injection (IVC).
Methods: The Bio-Plex® 200 System and the Bio-PlexTM Human Cytokine Standard 27-Plex, Group I (Bio-Rad, Hercules, California, USA) measured aqueous humour cytokine and chemokine levels. In this retrospective study, control samples were collected from 10 patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), and test samples were collected from 15 patients undergoing PPV and IVC. Intraoperative complications and postoperative outcome parameters were compared. Cytokine concentration association with PDR prognosis after IVC combined with PPV was assessed by correlation analysis.
Results: Baseline cytokine levels did not significantly differ between the control and IVC groups. IVC affected IL-8, VEGF and FGF levels, significantly increasing interleukin 8 (IL-8) levels and (P=0.05) decreasing VEGF and FGF levels (P<0.05). Intraoperative bleeding risk was lower in the IVC group versus the control group (P=0.022). Endodiathermy use was reduced in the IVC group versus the control group (P=0.006). The vitrectomy time in the IVC group was significantly shorter than in the control group (P=0.035). IL-8, VEGF, and FGF levels significantly positively correlated with vitrectomy time and intraoperative bleeding risk, intraoperative bleeding risk and endodiathermy use, and endodiathermy use, respectively.
Conclusions: Conbercept may shorten the vitrectomy time, reduce intraoperative bleeding and affect IL-8, VEGF and FGF levels in PDR patient aqueous humour.
Tumor-associated microbiota in colorectal cancer with vascular tumor-thrombus and neural invasion and association with clinical prognosis
Authors: Li Mingjie , Jin Min , Zhao Lei , Yu Dandan , Li Yan , Shi Linli , Zhou Bin , Liu Li , Cao Yinghao , Cai Kailin , Nie Xiu , Zhang Tao , Liu Hongli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Neural invasion (NI) and vascular tumor thrombus (VT) are associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). But little is known about the changes of gut microbiota in CRC tissues with invasion. In this study, we applied 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues in patients with CRC to determine the microbial differences.
Results
A discovery cohort (n = 88), including 30 patients with NI, 23 with VT, and 35 with double-negative CRC tissue, was utilized. We analyzed the relationship between the differential bacterial taxa and survival prognosis in an analysis cohort (n = 82) and explored the association of the special microorganisms with the clinical characteristics in an expanded cohort (n = 286) as well as their association with the survival prognosis in the overall cohort (n = 329). In the discovery cohort, the diversity, composition, and metabolic pathways of the gut microbiome distinctly differed between the tumor and non-tumor tissues in the NI and VT groups. Compared with the species richness of the microbiota communities of the noninvasive tumor tissues of the double-negative group, that of the tumor tissues of the NI and VT groups decreased. At the genus level, the four dominant bacteria in the NI and VT groups were Cupriavidus, Acinetobacter, Sphingobium, and Thermus. A high abundance of Cupriavidus was found to be related to a short survival time of NI CRC in the Kaplan–Meier analysis. Simultaneously, Herbaspirillum was a potential microbial biomarker predicting the prognosis of patients with CRC with NI or VT. Moreover, an abundance of Cupriavidus was associated with the NI status, pN stage, and clinical stage, while that of Herbaspirillum was related to the tumor diameter, NI status, pN stage, distant metastasis, and clinical stage. In the overall cohort, a high abundance of Cupriavidus and Herbaspirillum also indicated a poor prognosis.
Conclusion
This study is the first to comprehensively elaborate the differences in the gut microbiota of patients with CRC with different invasion statuses and to prove the relationship between some gut microbiota and clinical patient characteristics.
Development and evaluation of Novel krill oil based Clomiphene Microemulsion as a therapeutic strategy for PCOS treatment
Authors: PANCHAL DARSHITA , PANDYA TOSHA , KEVLANI VIJAY , SHAH SHREERAJ , Acharya Sheetal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is frequently diagnosed
hormonal disorder with reproductive and metabolic complications.
The most common symptoms include cyst in ovaries, anovulation,
insulin resistance, and obesity. Clomiphene citrate, an ovulating
agent, is the first-line drug used to treat PCOS. We hypothesized
that clomiphene citrate, by stimulating ovarian function, with
krill oil used as an oil phase to improve solubility, by addressing
PCOS-associated symptoms might be effective in PCOS. Hence, our
goal was to target hormonal imbalance along with PCOS-associated
symptoms using single formulation. The concentration of water (X1),
oil (X2) and Smix(surfactant-cosurfactant mixture) (X3) were
selected as independent variables, in a simplex lattice design,
from microemulsion area derived from pseuodoternary phase diagram
while the globule size (Y1) was selected as dependent parameter.
The optimized microemulsion showed good sphericity having 41 nm
globule size, 0.32 Poly dispersibility index and + 31mV zeta
potential. The optimized microemulsion was further evaluated
in-vivo using letrozole induced PCOS rats. Formulation
treated group reversed the effect of letrozole on body weight and
oestrus cycle in comparison to disease control group
(p < 0.001). The formulation was also effective in reducing
insulin resistance, cholesterol and serum testosterone level
(p < 0.001). The in-vivo results were supported by
histopathological studies where formulation treated group showed a
marked decrease in the number of cystic follicles and a remarkable
increase in the number of growing follicles at variable stages,
similar to the normal control group. Thus, the results confirmed
that novel krill oil based clomiphene microemulsion may become
promising therapeutic choice for treatment of PCOS.
Exploring the Role of HaTIPs Genes in Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Sunflower
Authors: Safdar Tania , Tahir Muhammad Hammad Nadeem , Ali Zulfiqar , Rahman Muhammad Habib ur 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Activity of plant aquaporins (AQPs) is extremely sensitive to environmental variables such as temperature, drought atmospheric vapor pressure deficit, cell water status and also appears to be closely associated to expressions of plant tolerance to various stresses. The spatial and temporal expression patterns of genes of Tonoplast Intrinsic Proteins (TIPs) in various crops indicates the complex and diverse regulation of these proteins and are important in understanding their key role in plant growth, development and stress responses.
Methods and Results: Based on phylogenetic analysis, six distinct HaTIPs were selected for studying their spatial and temporal expression in sunflower (Helianthus annuus). In this study semi quantitative polymerase chain reaction (semi q-PCR) and real time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) analysis were used to study the spatial and temporal expression of HaTIPsin sunflower. The results indicated that all of HaTIPs showed differential expression specific to both the tissues and the accessions. Moreover, the expression of all HaTIPs was higher in cross compared to the parents. Results of semi q-PCR and real time PCR indicated an upregulation of expression of HaTIP-RB7 and HaTIP7 in drought tolerant entries at 12 hours of 20 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment compared to 0 hour.
Conclusion: Hence these genes can be utilized as potential target in improving water use efficiency and for further genetic manipulation for the development of drought tolerant sunflower. This study may further contribute to our better understanding regarding the precise role of HaTIPsthrough their spatial and temporal expression analysis and their application in sunflower drought stress responses.
Cost aware strategies for sensitivity enhancement in a SARS-CoV-2 antigen test prototype: insertion of a cotton intermembrane doubles analytical sensitivity
Authors: Nicollete Diego Rinaldi Pavesi , Benedetti Rafael , Valença Beatriz Arruda , Kuniyoshi Keyla Kaori , de Jesus Thainá Caroline Schuartz , Gevaerd Ava , Santiago Erika Bergamo , de Almeida Bernardo Montesanti Machado , Júnior Sérgio Renato Rogal , Figueredo Marcus Vinícius Mazega 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lateral flow antigen tests have been widely used in the Covid-19 pandemic, allowing faster diagnostic test results and preventing further viral spread through isolation of infected individuals. Accomplishment of this screening must be performed with tests that show satisfactory sensitivity in order to successfully detect the target protein and avoid false negatives. The aim of this study was to create a lateral flow test that could detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein in low concentrations that were comparable to the limits of detection claimed by existing tests from the market. To do so, several adjustments were necessary during research and development of the prototypes until they were consistent with these criteria. The proposed alternatives of increasing the test line antibody concentration and addition of an intermembrane between the conjugate pad and the nitrocellulose membrane were able to increase the sensitivity four-fold and generate a new rapid test prototype called “lateral flow intermembrane immunoassay test” (LFIIT). This prototype showed an adequate limit of detection (2.0 ng mL− 1) while maintaining affordability and simplicity in manufacturing processes.
Treatment persistence of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide and efavirenz+lamivudine+tenofovir disoproxil among HIV-1 patients newly starting treatment in China
Authors: Jing Cao , Wei Tang , Ning Wang , Fang Zheng , Gang Xiao , Wang Xingzhi , Guoqiang Zhou , Min Wang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Though bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir (BIC/TAF/TAF) have been regulatory approved and included in the National Reimbursement Drug List in China, due to the affordability concern, generic version of efavirenz+lamivudine+tenofovir (EFV+3TC+TDF) is still recommended as the 1st-line therapy in the clinical guideline and widely used in clinical practice. The aim of the study is to assess the persistence with 1st-line BIC/TAF/TAF and EFV+3TC+TDF in newly treated HIV-1 patients in the real-world setting in China.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of HIV patients initiating 1st-line antiretroviral therapy in the First Hospital of Changsha in January 1st, 2021-July 31st, 2022 was conducted. Persistence was assessed as the number of days on the therapy from the index until treatment discontinuation or end of data availability. Kaplan-Meier Curves and Cox Proportional Hazard models were used to evaluate the discontinuation rates. Subgroup analysis was performed excluding BIC/FTC/TAF patients with treatment discontinuation due to economic reason, and EFV+3TC+TDF patients with a viral load >500,000 copies/mL.
Results: A total of 310 eligible patients were included in the study, with 244 and 66 patients in the BIC/FTC/TAF group and EFV+3TC+TDF group, respectively. Compared with EFV+3TC+TDF patients, BIC/FTC/TAF patients were significantly younger and had significantly higher total cholesterol and low-density level (all p<0.05). No significant difference was shown in the time to discontinuation between BIC/FTC/TAF patients and EFV+3TC+TDF patients. After excluding BIC/FTC/TAF patients with treatment discontinuation due to economic reason, EFV+3TC+TDF group were shown to have a significantly higher risk of discontinuation than BIC/FTC/TAF group (hazard ratio [HR] = 9.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.2-74.2). After further removing the EFV+3TC+TDF patients with a viral load>500,000 copies/mL, the analysis showed similar results (HR=9.7, 95% CI = 1.2 - 76.9). 79.4% of the EFV+3TC+TDF patients discontinued treatment due to clinical reasons, while 83.3% of the BIC/FTC/TAF patients discontinued treatment due to economic reasons.
Conclusions: Compared with BIC/FTC/TAF, EFV+TDF+3TC patients were significantly more likely to discontinue the 1st-line treatment.
Measuring Ecological Vulnerability Status of Chongqing Using Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Wu Junyi , Liu Hong , Li Tong , Ou-Yang Yuan , Zhang Jing-Hua , Zhang Teng-Jiao , Huang Yong , Gao Wen-Long , Shao Lu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The ecological environment is the welfare of human survival. With the global climate change in recent years, the deterioration of the ecological environment has exceeded any time. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ecological vulnerability of Chongqing, China, and draw an ecological vulnerability map. The study screened the impact factors by information gain ratio, and finally considered 16 ecological vulnerability impact factors, using multilayer perception (DNN) and convolutional neural network (CNN) methods to model vulnerability. A total of 1200 ecological points were recorded by remote sensing images, field survey and local data, and divided into training set and test set according to the ratio of 7: 3. Finally, two ecological vulnerability status maps were produced. The DNN and CNN models were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), area under curve (AUC), mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The results showed that the ecological vulnerability evaluation effect of CNN (AUC = 0.926) was better than that of DNN (AUC = 0.888). Calculate the contribution rate of vulnerability impact factors to different model results by random forests. The results show that the highest contribution rate of the two models are geological factors. It can be understood that the relative ecological vulnerability of Chongqing is mainly affected by its own karst landform. The areas with high vulnerability in the study area are the northeast and southeast regions, as well as the mountain valleys and urban in the central and western regions. The main ecological problems are low forest quality and unreasonable structure caused by its own geological factors, and serious rocky desertification and soil erosion. Human activities, including deforestation, over-reclamation and stone mining, are also important factors contributing to the ecological vulnerability of the study area. The machine learning method of this study creates an appropriate and accurate ecological vulnerability status map, which can support the future ecological environment protection and governance decisions in the study area.
Effectiveness of a community-based intervention in improving cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Okube Okubatsion Tekeste , Kimani Samuel Thou , Waithira Mirie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are disproportionately burdened the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where awareness and detection rates remain low. Community-based approaches addressing health behaviors including diet, regular physical activity and not smoking cigarettes have all been proved to substantially reduce the risk of CVDs in the high-income countries. However, their effects in improving cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with Metabolic Syndrome in the LMICs remains unknown. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based lifestyle intervention in improving cardio-metabolic risk factors among adults with MetS. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial study conducted for a period of 15-months among adults with MetS. Eligible individuals (n = 352) were randomly allocated to either the control or the intervention group on 1:1 ratio. The treatment arm received World Health Organization recommended lifestyle intervention that encouraged physical activity and healthy diet through face-to-face contacts. The control group received usual medical care involved drug treatment and general medical advice. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical measurements as well as lifestyle characteristics were assessed before and 12-months after the intervention. The measurements were compared between and within the groups during analyses using chi-square test, independent t-test and paired t-test. Results The changes in lifestyle characteristics have been reported elsewhere [31]. Relative to the baseline values and the control group, the intervention group experienced significant average reductions in body weight (-4.6 vs -0.4 kgs, p = 0.027), body mass index (-1.6 vs -0.14, p = 0.012), waist circumference (-2.29 vs -0.12 cm, p = 0.019), waist hip ratio (-0.02 vs -0.0, P = 0.003), waist height ratio (-0.01 vs 0.0, p = 0.015), systolic BP (-4.06 vs + 0.24 mmHg, p = 0.025), diastolic BP (-2.4 vs – 0.23 mmHg, p = 0.033), fasting blood glucose (− 0.5 vs + 0.08 mmol/L; p < 0.001), Triglycerides (-0.33 vs -0.01 mmol/L, p = 0.006), and an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (+ 0.25 vs + 0.02 mmol/L; p < 0.001) at the end-line. Conclusion Community-based lifestyle intervention comprised diet and physical activity significantly improved cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with MetS. Population-based screening and adoption of a healthy lifestyle should be considered for the prevention, reduction, and treatment of cardio-metabolic risk factors in the LMICs. The strategy could be implemented through nurses and community health workers.