bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical and Nutritional Profile, Mineral Ratio and Mineral Safety Index of Young and Matured Corn Silk Collected from Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Dele Oyeyemi. S. , Raymond O.  
Published: September 2023

Corn silk is an agricultural waste material from corn cultivation. The need for a supplement feed material that would be readily available, affordable and has nutritional qualities prompted this study. Fresh and dry corn silk were collected from a farm land in Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria and evaluated for phytochemical and nutritional composition using standard techniques. The phytochemical analysis revealed that both the young and matured corn silk contained alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids and reducing sugar. The qualitative phytochemical estimates showed high concentration of flavonoids and total phenols while tannins were found in moderate quantities. The proximate estimation (%) revealed high values of carbohydrate and crude fiber, moderate crude protein and ash, low crude fat, low moisture as well as high energy content in young and matured corn silk respectively. Both samples contained high K, P, Ca, Mg, moderate Na, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu while Pb and Ni, toxic metals, were absent. The results showed low mineral CV% which ranged from 1.32-38.92. The results of the mineral safety index were lower than the standard, an indication that there would be no mineral overload. The two corn silk samples were rich in active secondary metabolites which could offer protective health benefits, also safe and contained nutritional qualities that could make them suitable to be incorporated into man’s diet and domestic feed.
Comparative Analysis of the Essential Oil Contents of Azadrichta indica and Humulus lulpulus: Could Azadrichta indica Substitute Humulus lulpulus in Beer Brewing?
Authors: Agu Matthew Onyema , Tabugbo Blessing Ifeyinwa , Okafor Vincent Nwalieji , Ikeji Maryjane Onyinyechi 
Published: September 2023

Hops (Humulus lulpulus) give beer its brewing qualities (iso-alpha acid and essential oil). Hop acid is responsible for bitterness while hop essential oil is responsible for aroma and palate fullness. The aim of the study is to investigate the potentiality of substituting hop oil with neem (Azadrichta indica) oil in beer brewing. The oils were analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic technique after extracting the oil by solvent extraction. Hydrocarbon and Sulphur contents were also investigated using their standard methods. FTIR results show that both oils contain similar functional groups. It was observed that some hydrocarbons (myrcene, ocimene and α and β-pinene) present in essential oil of hop were also present in neem leaf oil. Volatile sulphur compounds such as dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl disulphide and dimethyl trisulphide present in hop oil were also found in neem oil. This study revealed that neem oil could be used as a substitute for hop oil in aroma enhancement in beer.
Determination of Gender Variations Based on Anatomical Shapes of the Orbit on Plain Radiographs of Nigerians: A 5-Year Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bello A.  , Usman J. D.  
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Cephalometry has been widely used in substantial aspects of medicine. There exist obvious differences between male and female bony features from early development to adulthood. The morphometric examination of the orbit and familiarity with its anatomy are important clinically in the diagnosis of orbital lesions and face reconstructive surgery. Diagnostic radiology and ophthalmology have a close relationship. Most prior research assessed orbital dimensions using direct approaches on living, cadaveric, or dry bones.
Aim: To determine the gender variations based on the shapes of the orbit using Plain Radiographs.
Materials and Methods: A 5-year retrospective cross-sectional study using 255 normal skull radiographs obtained from the Department of Diagnostic Radiology of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto from 2004 40 2009 was carried out with male to female ratio of 4:1. The radiographs were mounted on a viewing box, and the orbital shapes were noted. Results: In the male subjects, the shape of the orbit was oval in 68 (33.0%), quadrangular in 55 (26.7%), and round in 83 (40.3%). In the female subjects, the oval-shaped orbit was found in 27 (55.1%), quadrangular shape in 12 (24.5%), and in round shape 10 (20.4%).
Conclusions: The commonest type of orbit seen in males is the round type, followed by the oval type with the quadrangular being the least type. In females the predominant type of orbit seen was oval, followed by the quadrangular type, with the round type being the least common. However, the differences were not statistically significant. The round type of orbit shows the strongest tendency in sex identification.
[Title erased]
Authors: Gala Vânia 
Published: September 2023

[Title Erased]
[Name author Erased]
Abstract
In this paper I describe the collective performance entitled [Titleerased] [reference erased]. The performance was part of the programme [“”], an event on black feminisms. The particular performance(s) performed at [author+title erased] are in this sense rehearsals of the particular positioning of upside down and a web of other various positionings and performances that emerged under this context. The performance assumed the performative conversational form in a long table with the participants. Departing from the idea of positioning as performative or even more mundanely as a position assumed in, with or within black bodies the conversational performance framed questions and speculated about particular positionings.
In this regard, the performative table echoes Glissant’s (2010) sensibility in a belief that things, concepts, ideas do not necessarily follow a transparent deductive course but are often the product of intuitively complex networks in relation. In other respects, these performance(s) reflect a relevant aspect of dance practice. As a praxis – without forgetting its highly oral facet – dance is characterized by “a radical hospitality” towards unfamiliar “languages, unknown processes without evident protocols or contracts” [erased] and in many respects opaque. Opaque to the body, the performers and other various intervenients under choreographic performative processes or trainings.
Dermatomyositis in Association With SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection or COVID‐19 Vaccine
Authors: Diaz‐Menindez Maximiliano , Sullivan Megan M. , Wang Benjamin , Majithia Vikas , Abril Andy , Butendieck Ronald R. , Ball Colleen T. , Berianu Florentina 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveNew‐onset and relapsed dermatomyositis (DM) has been reported following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or COVID‐19 vaccination. This study aims to show the characteristics of a DM cohort after COVID‐19 infection and vaccination.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on patients treated for DM between March 1, 2020, and October 31, 2022. Charts were evaluated for the presence of new‐onset DM or relapse of preexisting DM following either SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or COVID‐19 vaccination. Data on symptom onset, timing of vaccination, type of vaccination, and disease characteristics were collected.ResultsNinety‐eight patients treated for DM at our institution in the Division of Rheumatology were included. In total, 12 of 98 patients (12.2%) experienced DM symptoms (either incident or relapse) following either infection or vaccination. Of the 12 patients who developed incident disease or relapse, 7 (58.3%) developed postinfection symptoms, and 8 (66.7%) developed symptoms after vaccination (3 patients had symptoms following both infection and vaccination). The mean onset of symptoms following COVID‐19 infection was 3.2 days (median 0.5 days), and mean onset following COVID‐19 vaccination was 5.75 days (median 3.5 days). Nine of 12 patients (75%) had a positive myositis‐specific antibody, and the remaining 3 (25%) had myositis‐associated antibodies. There was no predominant vaccine associated with the development of postvaccination DM symptoms.ConclusionThis retrospective review revealed a strong temporal relationship between DM symptoms and COVID‐19 infection or vaccination in 12.2% of all patients with DM evaluated in our clinic during the pandemic. Additional studies are required to understand the possible pathophysiology behind this association.
Upper‐Limb High‐Intensity Interval Training or Passive Heat Therapy to Optimize Cardiorespiratory Fitness Prior to Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Roxburgh Brendon H. , Campbell Holly A. , Cotter James D. , Reymann Ulla , Williams Michael J. A. , Gwynne‐Jones David , Thomas Kate N. 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivePreoperative exercise training, or prehabilitation, aims to optimize cardiorespiratory fitness before surgery to reduce the risk of adverse perioperative events and delayed recovery. However, traditional exercise such as walking and cycling can be difficult for people with degenerative joint diseases of the lower limbs, such as osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of three low‐impact interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness, physical function, and subjective health before total hip or knee arthroplasty.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled trial involving 93 participants with severe knee or hip osteoarthritis awaiting joint replacement surgery. Participants underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (to measure peak oxygen consumption [O2]), then were randomized to heat therapy (Heat; 20–30 min immersed in 40°C water followed by ~15 min light‐resistance exercise), high‐intensity interval training (HIIT; 6–8 × 60 s intervals on a cross‐trainer or arm ergometer at ~90%–100% peak O2), or home‐based exercise (Home; ~15 min light‐resistance exercise); for up to 36 sessions (3 sessions per week for 12 weeks).ResultsPeak O2 increased by 16% across HIIT and to a greater extent than Heat (+2.5 mL × min−1 × kg−1 [95% CI: 0.5–4.4], P = 0.009) and Home (+3.2 mL × min−1 × kg‐1 [1.2–5.2], P = 0.001). The anaerobic threshold increased across HIIT (+1.5 mL × min−1 × kg−1 [0.7–2.3], P < 0.001) and Heat (+1.2 mL × min−1 × kg−1 [0.4–1.9], P = 0.004), but not Home (−0.5 mL × min−1 × kg−1 [−1.3 to 0.3], P = 0.248). Subjective severity of osteoarthritis was unchanged with any intervention (P ≥ 0.250).ConclusionHeat therapy and HIIT improved indices of cardiorespiratory fitness preoperatively in patients who have difficulty performing lower‐limb exercise.image
Amorphization Engineering of Bimetallic Metal‐Organic Frameworks to Identify Volcano‐Type Trend toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhou Jian , Qiao Fei , Ren Zhichu , Hou Xianbiao , Chen Zongkun , Dai Shuixing , Su Ge , Cao Zhengwen , Jiang Heqing , Huang Minghua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAmorphous metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with aperiodic atomic arrangements, featuring high intrinsic activity and rich active sites, have emerged as promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts. However, the quantitative structure‐activity relationships (SARs) that determine the OER activity, the key to a rational catalyst design, remain unresolved. Inspired by controllable amorphization engineering, the amorphous MOF structures are rationally constructed as an ideal platform to explore the SAR in catalyzing OER. The mechanistic studies show that the OER activity could be volcano‐shape correlated with either constant adsorption energy difference between OOH* and O* (ΔGOOH* − ΔGO*) or the position of the d band center. The amorphous MOF (Ni8Co2‐BDC), situated close to the volcano summit, possesses an appropriate Ed energy level, which exhibits the balanced intermediates adsorption/desorption ability and consequently results in the boosted catalytic activity and long‐term stability. This work supplies new perspectives to investigate the SAR in amorphous MOF structures, thereby guiding the rational design of advanced OER catalysts.
Inorganic‐Rich Interphase Induced by Boric Oxide Solid Acid toward Long Cyclic Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Cheng Hang , Cao Junbin , Li Faqiang , Geng Xiaobin , Li Dinggen , Wei Ying , Lin Xing , Xu Henghui , Huang Yunhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes paired with lithium‐metal anodes is considered a next‐generation energy storage technology. However, the slow ionic transportation of the solid‐state electrolyte and the instability against the lithium‐metal anode impede their practical application. Here a cellulose separator modified with highly uniform boric oxide solid acid, contributing to a high transference number (0.75) and good ionic conductivity of 0.52 mS cm−1 due to the strengthened binding of the salt anions with this solid acid, is reported. Moreover, the boron ions with occupied interstitial sites can release free electrons to regulate the electrochemical dynamics of the electrolyte, in situ inducing the formation of Li2CO3/LiF‐rich heterostructured solid electrolyte interphase layer. The cellulose/B2O3‐based composite electrolyte paired with LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) cathode and Li‐metal anode displays a specific capacity of 155 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 92% in 200 cycles. Additionally, this electrolyte paired with high‐mass‐loading NCM622 cathode (10 mg cm−2) in a pouch cell can be stably operated for 50 cycles with a capacity retention of over 90%.
Wet‐Chemical Etching and Delamination of MoAlB into MBene and Its Outstanding Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Bury Dominika , Jakubczak Michał , Purbayanto Muhammad Abiyyu Kenichi , Rybak Miłosz , Birowska Magdalena , Wójcik Anna , Moszczyńska Dorota , Eisawi Karamullah , Prenger Kaitlyn , Presser Volker , Naguib Michael , Jastrzębska Agnieszka Maria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMBenes are post‐MXene materials that contain boron in their structure instead of carbon and nitrogen. This unique composition offers an opportunity to explore the role of boron in the performance of 2D materials. However, wet‐chemical etching and delamination of the starting MoAlB phase are challenging due to the persistent bonding of aluminum atoms with their neighboring elements. Herein, it is overcome by processing MoAlB for 24, 48, and 72 h with an aqueous HCl/H2O2 solution. The time‐wise etching and delamination delivers individual single‐to‐few layered 48‐MBene flakes. The theoretical‐to‐experimental XRD analysis revealed the best‐delaminated 48‐MBene having Mo2B2 orthorhombic lattice arrangement. The presence of Mo oxide allows direct 1.2 eV and indirect 0.2 eV optical band gaps and outstanding photocatalytic activity in decomposing methylene blue as a model organic contaminant. The 48‐MBene photocatalyst achieves about 90% of MB decomposition under ultraviolet and simulated white light irradiation with three times faster kinetics outperforming even hybridized MXenes. In addition, 48‐MBene appeared best suited to utilize the full spectrum of visible light into reactive oxygen species. Conversely, 24‐MBene and 72‐MBene shows incomplete delamination or oxidation, hampering their photocatalytic activity. The obtained results open an experimental pathway to apply MBenes in environmental remediation.
Constructing High‐Performance Solar Cells and Photodetectors with a Doping‐Free Polythiophene Hole Transport Material
Authors: Wu Junjiang , Gao Yuping , Zhou Zhihua , Du Yahui , Liu Junwei , Wang Jingjing , Wang Qian , Zhou Kangkang , Xian Kaihu , Lin Zhenjia , Chen Yu , Zhao Wenchao , Li Sunsun , Kuvondikov Vakhobjon , Yin Hang , Yan Jinyue , Liu Yongsheng , Ye Long 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe emerging solution‐based solar cells and photodetectors have gained worldwide research interest over the past decades. Hole transport materials (HTMs) have greatly advanced the progress of these solution‐based electronics. Nevertheless, developing low‐cost and efficient HTMs is far from satisfactory. In this contribution, poly(3‐pentylthiophene) (P3PT) is introduced as a facile, low‐cost, and versatile dopant‐free polymer HTM for both quantum dot (QD) and perovskite electronic devices. Compared to the broadly used poly(3‐hexylthiophene), P3PT presents the reduced molecular aggregation and preferential face‐on orientation, which can markedly enhance the hole‐carrier transport in optoelectronic devices. Accordingly, P3PT can deliver the substantial improvement of photovoltaic performance from ∼8.6% to ∼9.5% for QD/polythiophene solar cells and from ∼16% to ∼18.8% for perovskite/polythiophene solar cells, which are both among the topmost values in the corresponding fields. Furthermore, P3PT HTMs can also significantly enhance the photodetection performance of QD and perovskite photodetectors by a factor of ∼3, indicating its great application potential in a variety of emerging optoelectronics.
Enhanced Thermal Stability of Red‐Emitting Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+ Phosphors from Triggered Applicable Trap Level via Rare Earth Ions Co‐Doping
Authors: Li Zebin , Seto Takatoshi , Wang Yuhua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo solve the problem of thermal stability of the red‐emitting phosphor Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+ with great valuable luminescence performance, trivalent rare earth ions Ln3+ (Ln = Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Nd, and Pr) are co‐doped into Sr2Si5N8: Eu2+ lattice to form thermally robust phosphors Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+,xLn3+(Lnx‐258, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05). The successful incorporation of rare earth ions in the crystal structure and the regulation of luminescent properties are proven by a variety of material characterization techniques and analysis. Although the co‐doping of the selected rare earth ions reduces the luminescence intensity of the phosphor, the Dy0.01‐258 sample still has a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 78.6%. More importantly, the co‐doping of Dy3+ with x = 0.01 significantly improves the luminescent thermal stability of phosphors at high temperature and the luminescence intensity of Dy0.01‐258 samples at 200 °C can be maintained at 94.7% of room temperature. The thermoluminescence spectrum shows that the defects brought about by co‐doping of Dy3+ with x = 0.01 introduce trap energy levels, which can compensate for the Eu2+ luminescence at high temperature. At the same time, the cathodoluminescence mapping and spectra show that the phosphor has a high saturation current under high‐energy electron bombardment, which indicates that this nitride phosphor also has the potential to be used in field emission display (FEDs). Based on its extraordinary EQE and thermal stability data, this nitride phosphor is the first‐rate among the red phosphors for pc‐wLEDs, and has excellent application prospects in FEDs.
Mild Photothermal Therapy Prevents Posterior Capsule Opacification through Cytoskeletal Remodeling
Authors: Lin Lei , Xu Liming , Sun Weijie , Liang Lili , Qi Xiaoliang , Zhao Yun‐e 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCataract is the first leading cause of blindness in the world and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common long‐term complication after surgery. The primary pathogenic processes contributing to PCO are the proliferation and migration of residual lens epithelial cells (LECs). This study aimed to explore the mild photothermal effect on LECs. Interestingly, this work finds that the mild photothermal effect significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of LECs. The live cell fluorescence imaging reveals that the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and cell morphology attributed to the inhibition effect. Further mechanistic studies at molecular level suggest that the mild photothermal effect can regulate the phosphorylation of ERM, YAP, and Cofilin and thereby affect the proliferation and migration of LECs. In order to explore the potential clinical application of mild photothermal therapy for PCO prevention, PDA/PVA gel rings with photothermal effect is prepared by the repeated freeze‐thaw method and conducted experiments in vivo, which achieved favorable PCO prevention effect. Overall, this study shows that the mild photothermal effect can regulate the proliferation and migration of LECs through cytoskeletal remodeling and the results of experiments in vivo demonstrate that mild photothermal effect is a promising approach for PCO prevention.
Illuminating the Brain: Advances and Perspectives in Optoelectronics for Neural Activity Monitoring and Modulation
Authors: Xu Shumao , Momin Marzia , Ahmed Salahuddin , Hossain Arafat , Veeramuthu Loganathan , Pandiyan Archana , Kuo Chi‐Ching , Zhou Tao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOptogenetic modulation of brain neural activity that combines optical and electrical modes in a unitary neural system has recently gained robust momentum. Controlling illumination spatial coverage, designing light‐activated modulators, and developing wireless light delivery and data transmission are crucial for maximizing the use of optical neuromodulation. To this end, biocompatible electrodes with enhanced optoelectrical performance, device integration for multiplexed addressing, wireless transmission, and multimodal operation in soft systems have been developed. This review provides an outlook for uniformly illuminating large brain areas while spatiotemporally imaging the neural responses upon optoelectrical stimulation with little artifacts. Representative concepts and important breakthroughs, such as head‐mounted illumination, multiple implanted optical fibers, and micro‐light‐delivery devices, are discussed. Examples of techniques that incorporate electrophysiological monitoring and optoelectrical stimulation are presented. Challenges and perspectives are posed for further research efforts toward high‐density optoelectrical neural interface modulation, with the potential for nonpharmacological neurological disease treatments and wireless optoelectrical stimulation.
Rejuvenating Aged Perovskite Quantum Dots for Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Jingxuan , Jia Donglin , Zhuang Rongshan , Hua Yong , Zhang Xiaoliang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPerovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for next‐generation solar cells owing to its remarkable optoelectronic properties and solution processability. However, the optoelectronic properties of PQDs suffer from severe degradation in storage due to the dynamically binding ligands, predominantly affecting photovoltaic applications. Herein, an in situ defect healing treatment (DHT) is reported to effectively rejuvenate aged PQDs. Systematically, experimental studies and theoretical calculations are performed to fundamentally understand the causes leading to the recovered optoelectronic properties of aged PQDs. The results reveal that the I3− anions produced from tetra‐n‐octylammonium iodide and iodine could strongly anchor on the surface matrix defects of aged PQDs, substantially diminishing the nonradiative recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. Meanwhile, an DHT could also renovate the morphology of aged PQDs and thus improve the stacking orientation of PQD solids, substantially ameliorating charge carrier transport within PQD solids. Consequently, by using a DHT, the PQD solar cell (PQDSC) yields a high efficiency of up to 15.88%, which is comparable with the PQDSCs fabricated using fresh PQDs. Meanwhile, the stability of PQDSCs fabricated using the rejuvenated PQDs is also largely improved.