bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ТАЛШЫҚТЫ-ОПТИКАЛЫҚ КАБЕЛЬДЕРДІҢ МЕХАНИКАЛЫҚ СИПАТТАМАЛАРЫ МЕН ПАЙДАЛАНУ СЕНІМДІЛІГІН ЗЕРТТЕУ
Authors: КЕМЕЛЬБЕКОВ Б.Ж. , ОМАРОВА Б.А. , ОМАРОВА Г.А. 
Published: February 2023

В работе представлен обзор методов измерений волоконно-оптических линий связи, а также анализ измерительных приборов, которые используются в эксплуатации ВОЛС. Рассматриваются в основном характеристики измерительных приборов, которые используются при измерениях параметров оптоволокна. Проводится экспериментальное исследование, где по результатам эксперимента будет известно какими недостатками обладают измерительные приборы, которые участвуют в измерении затухания оптического сигнала, работающего в пятом окне прозрачности.
Жұмыста талшықты-оптикалық байланыс желілерін өлшеу әдістеріне шолу, сондай-ақ ТОБЖ жұмысында қолданылатын өлшеу құралдарын талдау ұсынылған. Негізінен талшық параметрлерін өлшеу кезінде қолданылатын өлшеу құралдарының сипаттамалары қарастырылады. Эксперименттік зерттеу жүргізіледі, онда эксперимент нәтижелері бойынша мөлдірліктің бесінші терезесінде жұмыс істейтін оптикалық сигналдың әлсіреуін өлшеуге қатысатын өлшеу құралдарының қандай кемшіліктері бар екендігі белгілі болады.
The paper presents an overview of measurement methods of fiber-optic communication lines, as well as an analysis of measuring devices that are used in the operation of fiber-optic communication lines. The characteristics of measuring devices that are used for measuring fiber parameters are mainly considered. An experimental study is being conducted, where, according to the results of the experiment, it will be known what disadvantages the measuring devices that participate in measuring the attenuation of an optical signal operating in the fifth transparency window have.
ТЕМІРБЕТОН КОНСТРУКЦИЯЛАРЫ ЭЛЕМЕНТТЕРІНІҢ БЕРІКТІГІ МЕН КӨЛДЕНЕҢ ДЕФОРМАЦИЯСЫ ТҰРҒЫСЫНАН СЕЙСМИКАЛЫҚ СИПАТТАМАЛАРДЫҢ ӘСЕРІН БАҒАЛАУ
Authors: ИБРАГИМОВ О.А. , КУРМАНОВА Ш.К. , ЛЕЩЕНКО А. 
Published: February 2023

Сейсмические характеристики зданий железобетонных конструкции с элементами, поврежденными коррозией, следует оценивать количественно и непосредственно, используя коэффициент снижения конструктивных характеристик, основанный на способности к деформации, то есть способности рассеивать энергию. Это позволит точно оценить сейсмические характеристики радиоуправляемых конструкций. Основная цель исследования – предложить практическую методологию оценки сейсмических характеристик зданий железобетонных конструкции с элементами, поврежденными коррозией. Коэффициент ухудшения конструктивных характеристик, определяемый прочностно-деформационной способностью проржавевших элементов, используется для количественной и прямой оценки их сейсмических характеристик.
Коррозиядан зақымдалған элементтері бар темірбетон құрылымдарының сейсмикалық сипаттамаларын деформация қабілетіне, яғни энергияны тарату қабілетіне негізделген құрылымдық сипаттамалардың төмендеу коэффициентін қолдана отырып, сандық және тікелей бағалау керек. Бұл радиомен басқарылатын құрылымдардың сейсмикалық сипаттамаларын дәл бағалауға мүмкіндік береді. Зерттеудің негізгі мақсаты-коррозиядан зақымдалған элементтері бар темірбетон құрылымдарының сейсмикалық сипаттамаларын бағалаудың практикалық әдістемесін ұсыну. Тот басқан элементтердің беріктік-деформациялық қабілетімен анықталатын құрылымдық сипаттамалардың нашарлау коэффициенті олардың сейсмикалық сипаттамаларын сандық және тікелей бағалау үшін қолданылады.
Seismic characteristics of reinforced concrete buildings with elements damaged by corrosion should be evaluated quantitatively and directly using a coefficient of reduction in structural characteristics based on the ability to deform, that is, the ability to dissipate energy. This will allow us to accurately assess the seismic characteristics of radio-controlled structures. The main purpose of the study is to propose a practical methodology for assessing the seismic characteristics of reinforced concrete buildings with elements damaged by corrosion. The coefficient of deterioration of structural characteristics, determined by the strength-deformation ability of rusted elements, is used for quantitative and direct assessment of their seismic characteristics.
УКРАИНАНЫҢ ТЕМІРЖОЛ КӨЛІГІНІҢ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ БАЙЛАНЫС ЖЕЛІЛЕРІН ДАМЫТУ ПЕРСПЕКТИВАЛАРЫ
Authors: АСТАХОВ В.Н. , ВОЛКОВ А.С. 
Published: February 2023

В статье проведен анализ структуры и функциональных особенностей существующей телекоммуникационной сети железнодорожного транспорта Украины. Показано, что актуальной научно-практической задачей является организация интегральной сети связи железнодорожного транспорта Украины. Решение поставленной задачи тесно связано с подготовкой высококвалифицированного эксплуатационного штата структурных подразделений железнодорожного транспорта Украины. С этой целью на базе кафедры транспортной связи Украинской государственной академии железнодорожного транспорта введен в эксплуатацию учебно-тренировочный комплекс интегральной сети технологической связи.
Мақалада Украинаның теміржол көлігінің қолданыстағы телекоммуникациялық желісінің құрылымы мен функционалдық ерекшеліктері талданды. Өзекті ғылыми-практикалық міндет Украинаның теміржол көлігінің интегралды байланыс желісін ұйымдастыру болып табылады. Тапсырманы шешу Украинаның теміржол көлігінің құрылымдық бөлімшелерінің жоғары білікті пайдалану штатын дайындаумен тығыз байланысты. Осы мақсатта Украинаның мемлекеттік теміржол көлігі академиясының көлік байланысы кафедрасының базасында технологиялық байланыстың интегралды желісінің оқу-жаттығу кешені пайдалануға берілді.
The article analyzes the structure and functional features of the existing telecommunication network of railway transport in Ukraine. It is shown that the actual scientific and practical task is the organization of an integrated communication network of railway transport in Ukraine. The solution of this task is closely connected with the training of highly qualified operational staff of structural divisions of railway transport of Ukraine. For this purpose, on the basis of the Department of Transport Communications of the Ukrainian State Academy of Railway Transport, the training complex of the integrated network of technological communication was put into operation.
ТӨЛЕМДІ ЕСЕПТЕУДІҢ ИННОВАЦИЯЛЫҚ ТЕТІГІ КОММУНАЛДЫҚ ҚЫЗМЕТТЕРГЕ
Authors: БУЛАТБАЕВ Н. 
Published: February 2023

При государственном регулировании тарифообразования на коммунальные услуги не обходится без учета платёжеспособности потребителей. Расслоение населения не позволяет в полной мере закладывать в тарифную сетку затраты, влияющие на развитие сферы. Актуальность темы обусловлено необходимостью обоснования нового подхода к практическому воплощению в государственном регулировании в сфере коммунальных услуг. Это позволит предоставить справедливый доступ к услугам, а также развить данную отрасль. В качестве исследования выбран г. Актобе Актюбинской области, в том числе его население и базовые субъекты естественных монополии. Выбранные методы исследования как дедукция, функционально-стоимостной анализ, позволили прийти к результату инновационного механизма расчета платежей на основе лимитного потребления коммунальных услуг. Разработанный механизм позволит усовершенствовать механизм государственной политики в сфере коммунальных услуг.
.Коммуналдық қызметтерге тариф белгілеуді мемлекеттік реттеу кезінде тұтынушылардың төлем қабілеттілігі ескерілмей аяқталмайды. Халықтың стратификациясы саланың дамуына әсер ететін шығындарды тарифтік торға толығымен салуға мүмкіндік бермейді. Тақырыптың өзектілігі коммуналдық қызметтер саласындағы мемлекеттік реттеуде практикалық іске асырудың жаңа тәсілін негіздеу қажеттілігімен байланысты. Бұл қызметтерге әділ қол жеткізуге, сондай-ақ осы саланы дамытуға мүмкіндік береді. Зерттеу ретінде Ақтөбе облысының Ақтөбе қаласы, оның ішінде оның халқы және табиғи монополиялардың базалық субъектілері таңдалды. Дедукция, функционалдық-құндық талдау ретінде таңдалған зерттеу әдістері коммуналдық қызметтерді лимиттік тұтыну негізінде төлемдерді есептеудің инновациялық тетігінің нәтижесіне қол жеткізуге мүмкіндік берді. Әзірленген тетік коммуналдық қызметтер саласындағы мемлекеттік саясат тетігін жетілдіруге мүмкіндік береді.
With the state regulation of tariff formation for utilities, it is necessary to take into account the solvency of consumers. The stratification of the population does not allow us to fully include in the tariff grid the costs that affect the development of the sphere. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to substantiate a new approach to practical implementation in state regulation in the field of public utilities. This will provide fair access to services, as well as develop this industry. The city of Aktobe of the Aktobe region, including its population and the basic subjects of natural monopolies, was selected as a study. The chosen research methods, such as deduction, functional and cost analysis, allowed us to come to the result of an innovative mechanism for calculating payments based on the limited consumption of utilities. The developed mechanism will make it possible to improve the mechanism of state policy in the field of public services.
ҚОЛДАНУ АРҚЫЛЫ ҚЫЗМЕТ КӨРСЕТУ ЖЫЛДАМДЫҒЫН АНЫҚТАУ ЖАППАЙ ҚЫЗМЕТ КӨРСЕТУ ТЕОРИЯЛАРЫ
Authors: КЕМЕЛЬБЕКОВ Б.Ж. , БАЙМОЛДИН Г.А. , ЖАНАБАЕВ Д.М. 
Published: February 2023

Теория СМО связана непосредственно с разработкой и анализом математических моделей, описывающих процесс обслуживания некоторых объектов, которые поступают на вход обслуживающего прибора в виде некоторого потока, и в общем случае образующего очередь на входе обслуживающего прибора.
ҚМҰ теориясы қызмет көрсететін құрылғының кірісіне белгілі бір ағын түрінде келетін және жалпы жағдайда қызмет көрсететін құрылғының кіреберісінде кезек құратын кейбір объектілерге қызмет көрсету процесін сипаттайтын математикалық модельдерді жасаумен және талдаумен тікелей байланысты.
The theory of CFR is directly related to the development and analysis of mathematical models describing the process of servicing some objects that arrive at the input of the service device in the form of a certain stream, and in general forming a queue at the input of the service device.
Molecular Characterization of Testicular Mesothelioma and the Role of Asbestos as a Causative Factor
Authors: Hocking Ashleigh Jean , Thomas Elaine May , Prabhakaran Sarita , Jolley Alexandra , Woods Susan Lesley , Soeberg Matthew J. , Klebe Sonja 
Published: February 2023

Context.—Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis (TVT) is an extremely rare form of mesothelioma.Objective.—To compare the clinical and molecular characteristics of mesothelioma of the TVT with those of mesothelioma at other more common sites, including the relationship with exposure to asbestos.Design.—We present clinical and pathological data for 9 cases of primary TVT mesothelioma. We performed whole-genome sequencing on 3 cases for the first time.Results.—The majority (7 of 9 cases) of TVT mesotheliomas were epithelioid, with the remaining 2 cases showing biphasic morphology. Morphology and immunohistochemical profiles were indistinguishable from mesothelioma elsewhere. Asbestos exposure was documented for 7 of the 9 cases, with no information for 2 cases. The 3 TVT mesothelioma cases that underwent whole-genome sequencing displayed a mutational profile similar to that of mesothelioma at other sites, including NF2 and TP53 mutations.Conclusions.—The clinical and molecular profile of TVT mesothelioma is similar to that of mesothelioma elsewhere.
Acquisition of Genetic Aberrations During the Progression of High-Grade Intraepithelial Lesions/Micro-Invasive Squamous Cancers to Widely Invasive Cervical Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Kashofer Karl , Reich Olaf , Regauer Sigrid 
Published: February 2023

Context.—
Acquisition of genetic aberrations during cervical carcinogenesis in individual patients is poorly documented.

Objective.—
To provide a comparative analysis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (n = 7) and pT1a squamous cancers (n = 1) and their recurrences, subsequent widely invasive cancers, and metastases developed during 1–24 years.

Design.—
Archival tissues of 8 patients were analyzed immunohistochemically for reserve-cell origin, human papillomavirus genotypes, mutations in 50 cancer genes, and chromosomal copy number variations.

Results.—
Intraepithelial lesions arose either from cytokeratin 17- or 7-expressing reserve cells. All preinvasive and invasive tumors carried human papillomavirus high-risk genotypes and lacked somatic mutations. Chromosomal copy number variations were identified in all intraepithelial lesions and invasive cancers. Four of 8 high-grade intraepithelial lesions progressed to invasive cancer after incomplete treatment, and 4 of 8 invasive cancers arose de novo after in sano resection. Four of 8 cancers carried mutations with high mutational frequency (PIK3CA E545K [n = 2]; PIK3CA and SMAD1 [n = 1]; HRAS, RB1, and EGFR [n = 1]), as did their corresponding regional metastases. One nonmetastasized cancer had a subclonal PIK3CA mutation, and an initially nonmutated, low-stage cancer developed ovarian metastases with PIK3CA amplification. One patient had neither mutations nor metastases. The patient with treated PIK3CA E545K–mutated pT1a cancer developed a subsequent nonmutated intraepithelial lesion that progressed to invasive cancer with a subclonal PIK3CA-H1047R mutation. Cancer-related deaths in 4 of 8 (50%) patients occurred independent of mutational status or metastatic disease.

Conclusions.—
Recurrences arose after persistent or de novo human papillomavirus infection of residual reserve cells or squamous metaplasia. Activating driver mutations were identified in invasive cancers only. High mutational load correlated with metastases, which in turn represented clonal disease.
Community Empowerment by Utilizing Waste into Plastic Flower Crafts at Sidowaras, Bumi Ratu Nuban Central Lampung
Authors: Rizky Hidayatullah  , Mai Zuniati  , Wiwied Pratiwi  , Umar Al Faruq A. Hasyim  , Santi Widyawati  , Peni Maulita  
Published: February 2023

Located in the lowlands, Sisowaras Village, Bumi Ratu Nuban Subdistrict, has many livelihoods as farmers, where the majority of the population grows rice in the fields. Apart from farmers, there are also many other livelihoods such as traders, livestock breeders, builders, educators and government employees. However, there are still many young people in the Sidowaras village who do not have a livelihood and lack of creativity, so the purpose of this service is to empower the community in utilizing waste into plastic flower crafts. The service method uses the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) approach by involving members of the Sidowaras village community, Bumi Ratu Nuban District. . The results of this service are community empowerment in terms of utilizing waste into flower crafts and Capacity Building in the Creative Economy Sector for the Sidowaras community through the use of waste into plastic flowers which can increase capacity in terms of creativity of the Sidowaras village community in terms of creative industries that can develop creativity in terms of the economy.
Keywords: Community Empowerment, Waste Utilization, Plastic Flowers
About Collocation Methods for Marine Propeller Design
Authors: Guermond J. L. 
Published: February 2023

Linearized numerical methods are extensively used to design marine propellers since blade thickness ratios are generally small. These methods mainly consist of distributing normal dipoles and sources on the mean blade surface to represent lifting and thickness effects. They are particularly adapted to the design process since they do not require the exact knowledge of the actual surface; furthermore, they give satisfactory results for very low panel numbers, enabling fast and accurate iterations of the design process. These are the advantages they have against more sophisticated methods like panel methods, for which singularity panels are distributed on the actual surface.
However, linear singularity methods have inherent problems, among them is the fact that the kernel associated with the dipole distribution has a Cauchy type singularity. They have also to deal with square root singularities at the leading-edge and the blade tip. To cope with these problems, collocation methods: like the Vortex Lattice Method (VLM), have been devised. Although these methods are well founded in two dimensions, their application in three dimensions is still somewhat empirical and sometimes inaccurate. Actually, they are not reliable in predicting the force and pressure distribution in the vicinity of the blade tip if the blades are highly skewed, or if the blade aspect ratio is very small.
In the present paper, the origins of these inaccuracies are thoroughly discussed, and after a simple mathematical analysis, a new scheme is proposed to overcome them. It is mainly a matter of adapting the panel arrangement to the blade boundaries: leading-edge, tip and trailing edge. The force calculation is reviewed in the second part of this paper. It is shown that the pressure induced force along with leading-edge suction can be accurately determined everywhere on the blades.
Multi-purpose Ducted CP-Propellers, Some Design and Operation Problems
Authors: Bjarne E. 
Published: February 2023

The aim of this paper is to give some idea of the difficulties which can arise at the design and operation of multi-purpose ducted CP-Propellers.
The most important problems are the contradictory requirements of bollard pull and push forces, but simultaneously the requirements for transit conditions with pull or reduced power, often at constant propeller RPM, must be fulfilled.
In all the cases it is desired that no harmful cavitation phenomena appear (i.e. no erosion and vibration problems and no propeller force reduction.)
Investigations in the SSPA cavitation tunnel and towing tank have been carried out with a number of propeller and duct models to study the influence of geometric parameters on the propeller behaviour at different conditions. Some of the results of these investigations are analyzed and discussed here.
Adaptive changes in bodybuilders in conditions of different energy supply modes and intensity of training load regimes using machine and free weight exercises
Authors: Chernozub Andrii , Manolachi Veaceslav , Tsos Anatolii , Potop Vladimir , Korobeynikov Georgiy , Manolachi Victor , Sherstiuk Liudmyla , Zhao Jie , Mihaila Ion 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe research was aimed at comparing the effect of using two types of training load different in intensity and energy supply. We studied the influence of the proposed load variations (machine and free weight exercises) on long-term adaptation of the body at the stage of specialized basic training in bodybuilding.MethodsA total of 64 athletes aged 18–20 years were examined. The research participants were randomly divided into four groups, 16 athletes in each group. Athletes of group 1 and 3 used a complex of free weight exercises. Group 2 and 4 participants performed machine exercises. Bodybuilders of group 1 and 2 were trained in conditions of medium intensity training load (Ra = 0.58) in the anaerobic-glycolytic mode of energy supply. Athletes of the 3rd and 4th groups used high intensity load (Ra = 0.71) in the anaerobic-alactate mode of energy supply. We managed to determine the nature of adaptation processes using methods of control testing of strength capabilities, bioimpedansometry, anthropometry, biochemical analysis of blood serum (LDH, creatinine).ResultsThe study showed that the difference in the dynamics of the participants’ maximum strength development (on example of chest muscles) did not depend on the content of machine or free weight exercises, but on the features of training load regimes. Thus, the controlled indicator of strength capabilities in athletes of groups 3 and 4 increased by 5.1% compared to groups 1 and 2. During all stages of the study, the indicators of the projectile working mass in athletes of groups 3 and 4 exceeded the results observed in groups 1 and 2 by 25.9%. At the same time, the amount of load in a set is on average 2 times higher in athletes of groups 1 and 2. Group 4 athletes, who used machine exercises and high intensity training load, increased the circumferential body measurements by 3.8 times (the chest), compared to the results recorded in group 1 athletes. Athletes of group 1 and 2 showed increasing in body fat by 3.4% compared to the initial level on the background of large load volume. The basal creatine level in bodybuilders of groups 3 and 4 increased by 3.7 times after 12 weeks of study, which indicates an accelerated growth of muscle mass.ConclusionThe most pronounced adaptive body changes in bodybuilders at the stage of specialized basic training occurred during high intensity training load and anaerobic-alactate energy supply mode. Machine exercises contributed to increasing the morpho functional indicators of athletes more than free weight exercises.
Evaluation of Autologous Plasma Gel in Tear Trough Deformity
Authors: Waheed Elmahdi Shimaa , Seif El-Eslam Shaker Engi , Hussein Mahmoud Wael , El-Sayed Amin Tarek 
Published: February 2023

Background: Plasma gel is a gelatinous substance made of proteins that have been gelled together and includes fibrin, which gives the formula more firmness and resistance than regular platelet-rich plasma. The aim of this work was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous plasma gel injection in treatment of tear trough deformity.
Methods: This study was carried out on 10 female patients presented with tear trough deformity without prior cosmetic therapy or performed any facial surgery. Female patients were received two sessions of autologous plasma gel injection at 2- week interval.
Results: There was statistically significant improvement (decrease) in Tear Trough Rating Scale after intervention compared to before intervention (P=0.004). Regarding patient satisfaction after treatment, all patients showed various degree of satisfaction as follows: there was any patient very satisfied, 2 patients (20%) satisfied, 4 patients (40%) neutral, 3 patients (30%) dissatisfied, and 1 patient (10%) very dissatisfied.
Conclusions: The present study showed that plasma gel was safe and effective in the treatment of Tear Trough Deformity. Plasma gel give significantly better outcome as regard global improvement, complications and patient satisfaction.