bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legitimizing and Enacting Contradictory Ideals: Squatting in Sweden in the 1980s
Authors: Polanska Dominika V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSquatting in Sweden peaked in the 1980s. Stockholm and Gothenburg were the epicenters, among other smaller towns throughout the country. Researchers identified punk music, influences from abroad, anarchist ideas and the emergence of urban social movements as central to the increase in squatting during this decade. Only a fragmented picture of squatting events has been presented until now, however, often at the city level and during a limited period. This perspective fails to connect squatting actions across the country, and beyond its borders. Departing from the approach to squatting as a form of contentious repertoire, I will analyze how squatters negotiated and legitimized their actions, and in relation to different opponents. Special attention is given to the contradictions caused by different and sometimes contradictory ideals in the communication of the significance of squatting. Based on materials produced by the squatters and other secondary materials, this chapter explores the arenas of interactions, or fields where contentious actors interact within their own group or movement, or with the authorities and the police.
Human Rights Education and Human Rights in Central Asia
Authors: Mihr Anja 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHuman rights education (HRE) is at once a tool, the means, and a method to empower individuals in human rights. The 2011 United Nations (UN) Declaration on Human Rights Education and Training (HRET) encourages stakeholders and learners to disseminate information about human rights norms to equip people with knowledge and understanding, instruments, and mechanisms—and ultimately with skills. According to the HRET Declaration, educators and trainers aim to empower people by means of their awareness regarding the mutual benefits of human rights compliance. But for that to happen, people must not only understand human rights, but also believe in them as tools and mechanisms to solve problems and improve their living environment. Human rights are universally shared moral values, such as friendship, solidarity, fairness, respect, and trust. Human rights treaties and agreements set the written legal and political frameworks for these values. They encompass legally and politically binding instruments and mechanisms to implement and enforce human rights which apply worldwide. One vital human rights instrument is the UN International Bill of Human Rights. This covers ten core treaties and declarations of human rights, the majority of which have been signed, ratified, and recognized by all five Central Asian states—Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan—since their independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. However, the extent to which these universal norms can be taught and taken as benchmarks to empower individual citizens depends largely on the political regimes, the capability, and the willingness of governments. The latter establish the framework that would allow civil society organizations (CSOs) to train people and to report on human rights violations. Governments also determine the extent to which human rights are incorporated in formal education and school curricula. None of the Central Asian countries has a National Action Plan for HRE, as requested by the UN, but some allow CSOs to conduct informal training.
Cold Seep Macrofauna
Authors: Li Yi-Xuan , Sun Yanan , Lin Yi-Tao , Xu Ting , Ip Jack Chi Ho , Qiu Jian-Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems, macrofaunal diversity and distribution are determined by geochemical environments generated by fluid seepage. The South China Sea is located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean with a passive continental shelf, containing over 40 seep sites. In this chapter, we provide a summary of the macrofaunal diversity and distribution at two active hydrocarbon seeps, Haima cold seep and Site F, with updated information based on samples collected from recent cruises. There are at least 81 macrofaunal species from eight phyla, 14 classes, and 34 orders, highlighting their high diversity of the South China Sea. The two active seep regions share ten species, but their communities present different structures represented by mussel beds, clam beds, and clusters of two siboglinid tubeworms. The four community types all occur at Haima cold seep. The seep community at Site F, characterized by the co-dominance of the bathymodioline mussel Gigantidas platifrons and the squat lobster Shinkaia crosnieri, resembles the vent communities in the Okinawa Trough.
Critical collapse for the Starobinsky R2 model
Authors: Baez Yolbeiker Rodríguez 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study gravitational collapse for the Starobinsky R2 model, a particular example of an f(r) theory, in a spherically symmetric spacetime. We add a massless scalar field as matter content to the spacetime. We work in the Einstein frame, where an additional scalar field arises due to the conformal transformation. As in general relativity, depending on the initial data, we found that the gravity scalar field and the physical scalar field can collapse, forming a black hole, in which the final solution is the Schwarzschild metric. We found the threshold of black hole formation through a fine-tuning method and studied critical collapse near this regime.
Constructible reality condition of pseudo entropy via pseudo-Hermiticity
Authors: Guo Wu-zhong , He Song , Zhang Yu-Xuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As a generalization of entanglement entropy, pseudo entropy is not always real. The real-valued pseudo entropy has promising applications in holography and quantum phase transition. We apply the notion of pseudo-Hermiticity to formulate the reality condition of pseudo entropy. We find the general form of the transition matrix for which the eigenvalues of the reduced transition matrix possess real or complex pairs of eigenvalues. Further, we find a class of transition matrices for which the pseudo (Rényi) entropies are non-negative. Some known examples which give real pseudo entropy in quantum field theories can be explained in our framework. Our results offer a novel method to generate the transition matrix with real pseudo entropy. Finally, we show the reality condition for pseudo entropy is related to the Tomita-Takesaki modular theory for quantum field theory.
Management of anterior cruciate ligament revision in adults: the 2022 ESSKA consensus part III—indications for different clinical scenarios using the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method
Authors: Tischer Thomas , Andriolo Luca , Beaufils Philippe , Ahmad Sufian S. , Bait Corrado , Bonomo Marco , Cavaignac Etienne , Cristiani Riccardo , Feucht Matthias J. , Fiodorovas Markas , Grassi Alberto , Helmerhorst Gijs , Hoser Christian , Karahan Mustafa , Komnos George , Lagae Koen Carl , Madonna Vincenzo , Monaco Edoardo , Monllau Juan Carlos , Ollivier Matthieu , Ovaska Mikko , Petersen Wolf , Piontek Tomasz , Robinson James , Samuelsson Kristian , Scheffler Sven , Sonnery‐Cottet Bertrand , Filardo Giuseppe , Condello Vincenzo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the ESSKA 2022 consensus Part III was to develop patient‐focused, contemporary, evidence‐based, guidelines on the indications for revision anterior cruciate ligament surgery (ACLRev).MethodsThe RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method (RAM) was used to provide recommendations on the appropriateness of surgical treatment versus conservative treatment in different clinical scenarios based on current scientific evidence in conjunction with expert opinion. A core panel defined the clinical scenarios with a moderator and then guided a panel of 17 voting experts through the RAM tasks. Through a two‐step voting process, the panel established a consensus as to the appropriateness of ACLRev for each scenario based on a nine‐point Likert scale (in which a score in the range 1–3 was considered ‘inappropriate’, 4–6 ‘uncertain’, and 7–9 ‘appropriate’).ResultsThe criteria used to define the scenarios were: age (18–35 years vs 36–50 years vs 51–60 years), sports activity and expectation (Tegner 0–3 vs 4–6 vs 7–10), instability symptoms (yes vs no), meniscus status (functional vs repairable vs non‐functional meniscus), and osteoarthritis (OA) (Kellgren–Lawrence [KL] grade 0–I–II vs grade III). Based on these variables, a set of 108 clinical scenarios was developed. ACLRev was considered appropriate in 58%, inappropriate in 12% (meaning conservative treatment is indicated), and uncertain in 30%. Experts considered ACLRev appropriate for patients with instability symptoms, aged ≤ 50 years, regardless of sports activity level, meniscus status, and OA grade. Results were much more controversial in patients without instability symptoms, while higher inappropriateness was related to scenarios with older age (51–60 years), low sporting expectation, non‐functional meniscus, and knee OA (KL III).ConclusionThis expert consensus establishes guidelines as to the appropriateness of ACLRev based on defined criteria and provides a useful reference for clinical practice in determining treatment indications.Level of evidenceII.
Local and multilinear noncommutative de Leeuw theorems
Authors: Caspers Martijn , Janssens Bas , Krishnaswamy-Usha Amudhan , Miaskiwskyi Lukas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLet $$\Gamma < G$$

Γ
<
G

be a discrete subgroup of a locally compact unimodular group G. Let $$m\in C_b(G)$$

m
∈

C
b

(
G
)

be a p-multiplier on G with $$1 \le p < \infty $$

1
≤
p
<
∞

and let $$T_{m}: L_p({\widehat{G}}) \rightarrow L_p({\widehat{G}})$$

T
m

:

L
p

(

G
^

)

→

L
p

(

G
^

)

be the corresponding Fourier multiplier. Similarly, let $$T_{m \vert _\Gamma }: L_p({\widehat{\Gamma }}) \rightarrow L_p({\widehat{\Gamma }})$$

T

m
|

Γ

:

L
p

(

Γ
^

)

→

L
p

(

Γ
^

)

be the Fourier multiplier associated to the restriction $$m|_{\Gamma }$$

m
|

Γ

of m to $$\Gamma $$
Γ
. We show that $$\begin{aligned} c( {{\,\textrm{supp}\,}}( m|_{\Gamma } ) ) \Vert T_{m \vert _\Gamma }: L_p({\widehat{\Gamma }}) \rightarrow L_p({\widehat{\Gamma }}) \Vert \le \Vert T_{m }: L_p({\widehat{G}}) \rightarrow L_p({\widehat{G}}) \Vert , \end{aligned}$$

c

(

supp

(
m

|
Γ

)

)

‖

T

m
|

Γ

:

L
p

(

Γ
^

)

→

L
p

(

Γ
^

)

‖
≤
‖

T
m

:

L
p

(

G
^

)

→

L
p

(

G
^

)

‖
,

for a specific constant $$0 \le c(U) \le 1$$

0
≤
c
(
U
)
≤
1

that is defined for every $$U \subseteq \Gamma $$

U
⊆
Γ

. The function c quantifies the failure of G to admit small almost $$\Gamma $$
Γ
-invariant neighbourhoods and can be determined explicitly in concrete cases. In particular, $$c(\Gamma ) =1$$

c
(
Γ
)
=
1

when G has small almost $$\Gamma $$
Γ
-invariant neighbourhoods. Our result thus extends the de Leeuw restriction theorem from Caspers et al. (Forum Math Sigma 3(e21):59, 2015) as well as de Leeuw’s classical theorem (Ann Math 81(2):364–379, 1965). For real reductive Lie groups G we provide an explicit lower bound for c in terms of the maximal dimension d of a nilpotent orbit in the adjoint representation. We show that $$c(B_\rho ^G) \ge \rho ^{-d/4}$$

c

(

B
ρ
G

)

≥

ρ

-
d
/
4

where $$B_\rho ^G$$

B
ρ
G

is the ball of $$g\in G$$

g
∈
G

with $$\Vert {{\,\textrm{Ad}\,}}_g \Vert < \rho $$

‖

Ad

g

‖
<
ρ

. We further prove several results for multilinear Fourier multipliers. Most significantly, we prove a multilinear de Leeuw restriction theorem for pairs $$\Gamma <G$$

Γ
<
G

with $$c(\Gamma ) = 1$$

c
(
Γ
)
=
1

. We also obtain multilinear versions of the lattice approximation theorem, the compactification theorem and the periodization theorem. Consequently, we are able to provide the first examples of bilinear multipliers on nonabelian groups.
The comparative effectiveness of metformin and risperidone in a rat model of valproic acid-induced autism, Potential role for enhanced autophagy
Authors: Atia Amany AA , Ashour Rehab H , Zaki Marwa MAF , Rahman Karawan MA , Ramadan Nehal M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Risperidone is the first antipsychotic to be approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The potential efficacy of metformin in preventing and/or controlling ASD behavioral deficits was also recently reported. Suppression of hippocampus autophagy was suggested as a potential pathologic mechanism in ASD.

Objectives
Is metformin’s ability to improve ASD clinical phenotype driven by its autophagy-enhancing properties? And does hippocampus autophagy enhancement underlie risperidone’s efficacy as well? Both questions are yet to be answered.

Methods
The effectiveness of metformin on alleviation of ASD-like behavioral deficits in adolescent rats exposed prenatally to valproic acid (VPA) was compared to that of risperidone. The potential modulatory effects of risperidone on hippocampal autophagic activity were also assessed and compared to those of metformin.

Results
Male offspring exposed to VPA during gestation exhibited marked anxiety, social impairment and aggravation of stereotyped grooming; such deficits were efficiently rescued by postnatal risperidone or metformin therapy. This autistic phenotype was associated with suppressed hippocampal autophagy; as evidenced by reduced gene/dendritic protein expression of LC3B (microtubule-associated proteins 1 light chain 3B) and increased somatic P62 (Sequestosome 1) protein aggregates. Interestingly, compared to risperidone, the effectiveness of metformin in controlling ASD symptoms and improving hippocampal neuronal survival was well correlated to its ability to markedly induce pyramidal neuronal LC3B expression while lowering P62 accumulation.

Conclusions
Our work highlights, for the first time, positive modulation of hippocampus autophagy as potential mechanism underlying improvements in autistic behaviors, observed with metformin, as well as risperidone, therapy.
CkP1 bacteriophage, a S16-like myovirus that recognizes Citrobacter koseri lipopolysaccharide through its long tail fibers
Authors: Oliveira Hugo , Santos Sílvio , Pires Diana P. , Boeckaerts Dimitri , Pinto Graça , Domingues Rita , Otero Jennifer , Briers Yves , Lavigne Rob , Schmelcher Mathias , Dötsch Andreas , Azeredo Joana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Citrobacter koseri is an emerging Gram-negative bacterial pathogen, which causes urinary tract infections. We isolated and characterized a novel S16-like myovirus CKP1 (vB_CkoM_CkP1), infecting C. koseri. CkP1 has a host range covering the whole C. koseri species, i.e., all strains that were tested, but does not infect other species. Its linear 168,463-bp genome contains 291 coding sequences, sharing sequence similarity with the Salmonella phage S16. Based on surface plasmon resonance and recombinant green florescence protein fusions, the tail fiber (gp267) was shown to decorate C. koseri cells, binding with a nanomolar affinity, without the need of accessory proteins. Both phage and the tail fiber specifically bind to bacterial cells by the lipopolysaccharide polymer. We further demonstrate that CkP1 is highly stable towards different environmental conditions of pH and temperatures and is able to control C. koseri cells in urine samples. Altogether, CkP1 features optimal in vitro characteristics to be used both as a control and detection agent towards drug-resistant C. koseri infections.

Key points
• CkP1 infects all C. koseri strains tested
• CkP1 recognizes C. koseri lipopolysaccharide through its long tail fiber
• Both phage CkP1 and its tail fiber can be used to treat or detect C. koseri pathogens
Inference on autoregulation in gene expression with variance-to-mean ratio
Authors: Wang Yue , He Siqi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSome genes can promote or repress their own expressions, which is called autoregulation. Although gene regulation is a central topic in biology, autoregulation is much less studied. In general, it is extremely difficult to determine the existence of autoregulation with direct biochemical approaches. Nevertheless, some papers have observed that certain types of autoregulations are linked to noise levels in gene expression. We generalize these results by two propositions on discrete-state continuous-time Markov chains. These two propositions form a simple but robust method to infer the existence of autoregulation from gene expression data. This method only needs to compare the mean and variance of the gene expression level. Compared to other methods for inferring autoregulation, our method only requires non-interventional one-time data, and does not need to estimate parameters. Besides, our method has few restrictions on the model. We apply this method to four groups of experimental data and find some genes that might have autoregulation. Some inferred autoregulations have been verified by experiments or other theoretical works.
Cost-effectiveness of an urinary biomarker panel in combination with MRI for prostate cancer diagnosis
Authors: Govers Tim M. , Resnick Matthew J , Rastinehad Ardeshir R. , Caba Laura , Groskopf Jack , van Criekinge Wim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The health impact and cost-effectiveness of the biomarker test SelectMDx were evaluated when used in combination with MRI, in two US populations: biopsy naïve men and men with a previous negative biopsy.

Methods
Using a decision model, the current MRI strategy was compared with two SelectMDx strategies: SelectMDx used before MRI to select men for MRI and SelectMDx used after a negative MRI to select men for biopsy. Parameters were informed by the literature most relevant for both populations. Differences in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and costs between the current strategy and the SelectMDx strategies were calculated using two different assumptions regarding PCa-specific mortality (SPCG-4 and PIVOT).

Results
In biopsy naïve men, the use of SelectMDx before MRI results in a gain of 0.004 QALY per patient under the SPCG-4 scenario, and a gain of 0.030 QALY under the PIVOT scenario. The cost savings are $1650 per patient. When used after MRI, SelectMDx results in a QALY gain per patient of 0.004 (SPCG-4), and 0.006 (PIVOT) with $262 in cost savings.
In the previous negative population, SelectMDx before MRI results in a QALY gain of 0.006 (SPCG-4) and 0.022 (PIVOT), with $1281 in cost savings per patient. SelectMDx after MRI results in a QALY gain of 0.003 (SPCG-4) and 0.004 (PIVOT) with $193 in cost savings.

Conclusion
Application of SelectMDx results in better health outcomes and cost savings. The value of SelectMDx was highest when used before MRI to select patients for MRI and subsequent biopsy.
Average and extreme heatwaves in Europe at 0.5–2.0 °C global warming levels in CMIP6 model simulations
Authors: Ruosteenoja Kimmo , Jylhä Kirsti 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEuropean heatwaves at the 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 $$^\circ$$

∘

C global warming levels above the pre-industrial temperature are examined using bias-corrected daily-mean temperature data from 60 simulations performed with 25 global climate models (GCMs). A heatwave event is defined here to consist of at least three consecutive days above the 90th percentile of summer daily-mean temperatures and a break of 1 day is allowed. At the 2.0 $$^\circ$$

∘

C global warming level compared with 0.5 $$^\circ$$

∘

C, the multi-GCM mean annual count of heatwave days is projected to be three to fourfold in northern and more than sixfold in southern Europe. The total annual heatwave extremity index, or the sum of exceedings above the threshold temperature over all the heatwave days, becomes approximatively fourfold in the north and tenfold in the south. In central Europe, the date of the strongest heatwave of year is delayed by about 1 week. By concatenating the bias-corrected output data of all the GCM runs, 1200-year samples were created from which probabilities of occurrence of the strongest heatwaves can be determined very robustly under all four warming levels. An intense heatwave occurring once in 10 years at the 0.5 $$^\circ$$

∘

C warming level has an annual probability of about 50% in northern and 80–90% in southern Europe under 2.0 $$^\circ$$

∘

C. Corresponding probabilities for 100-year heatwaves would be nearly 20% in the north and about 60% in the south. Finally, we discuss factors that explain the stronger increase in heatwave duration and extremity in the south than north.
Sexual dimorphism in bidirectional SR-mitochondria crosstalk in ventricular cardiomyocytes
Authors: Clements Richard T. , Terentyeva Radmila , Hamilton Shanna , Janssen Paul M. L. , Roder Karim , Martin Benjamin Y. , Perger Fruzsina , Schneider Timothy , Nichtova Zuzana , Das Anindhya S. , Veress Roland , Lee Beth S. , Kim Do-Gyoon , Koren Gideon , Stratton Matthew S. , Csordas Gyorgy , Accornero Federica , Belevych Andriy E. , Gyorke Sandor , Terentyev Dmitry 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCalcium transfer into the mitochondrial matrix during sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release is essential to boost energy production in ventricular cardiomyocytes (VCMs) and match increased metabolic demand. Mitochondria from female hearts exhibit lower mito-[Ca2+] and produce less reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to males, without change in respiration capacity. We hypothesized that in female VCMs, more efficient electron transport chain (ETC) organization into supercomplexes offsets the deficit in mito-Ca2+ accumulation, thereby reducing ROS production and stress-induced intracellular Ca2+ mishandling. Experiments using mitochondria-targeted biosensors confirmed lower mito-ROS and mito-[Ca2+] in female rat VCMs challenged with β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol compared to males. Biochemical studies revealed decreased mitochondria Ca2+ uniporter expression and increased supercomplex assembly in rat and human female ventricular tissues vs male. Importantly, western blot analysis showed higher expression levels of COX7RP, an estrogen-dependent supercomplex assembly factor in female heart tissues vs males. Furthermore, COX7RP was decreased in hearts from aged and ovariectomized female rats. COX7RP overexpression in male VCMs increased mitochondrial supercomplexes, reduced mito-ROS and spontaneous SR Ca2+ release in response to ISO. Conversely, shRNA-mediated knockdown of COX7RP in female VCMs reduced supercomplexes and increased mito-ROS, promoting intracellular Ca2+ mishandling. Compared to males, mitochondria in female VCMs exhibit higher ETC subunit incorporation into supercomplexes, supporting more efficient electron transport. Such organization coupled to lower levels of mito-[Ca2+] limits mito-ROS under stress conditions and lowers propensity to pro-arrhythmic spontaneous SR Ca2+ release. We conclude that sexual dimorphism in mito-Ca2+ handling and ETC organization may contribute to cardioprotection in healthy premenopausal females.