bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Extra Hydrophobic Resin Layer on Bonding of Universal Adhesive Systems to Enamel
Authors: Soares JPB , Perdigão J , Chrispim B , Lopes GC 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARY

Objective
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of solvent in universal adhesives (UA) and the application of an extra layer of hydrophobic bonding resin on enamel shear bond strengths (SBS).

Methods and Materials
Crowns of 224 bovine mandibular incisors were embedded in acrylic resin, wet-polished up to 600-grit silicon carbide paper and assigned to 3 UAs with different solvents (n=32): ethanol-based UA (ADU, AdheSE Universal, Ivoclar Vivadent); isopropanol-based UA (PBU, Prime&Bond Universal, Dentsply Sirona); and acetone-based UA (OPT, OptiBond Universal, Kerr Co). The same UAs were also applied with an extra layer of a hydrophobic bonding resin (HLB, Heliobond, Ivoclar Vivadent): ADU + HLB; PBU + HLB; and OPT + HLB. HLB alone was used as control. Enamel was etched with 37.5% H3PO4 (Kerr Gel Etchant, Kerr Co) for 15 seconds, rinsed with water, and air dried. UAs were applied according to the respective manufacturer’s instructions. After adhesive application, composite cylinders (Filtek Z250, 3M Oral Care) were built up and light-cured (40 seconds/increment, 40 J/cm2) keeping the light tip in contact with the mold. Specimens were stored in water for 24 hours (24H) or for 6 months (6M). A knife-edged metallic rod (Ø=2.8-mm semicircular notch) loaded the composite cylinders until fracture. Mode of failure was analyzed with optical microscopy (40×). Statistics included twoway analysis of variance (ANOVA; adhesive strategy and water storage) and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test (α=95%).

Results
Mean enamel SBS ranged from 3.6 (±2.2) MPa (HLB/6M) to 24.7 (±7.1) MPa (ADU + HLB/6M). ANOVA revealed significant differences for adhesive strategy (p≤0.001) but no significant differences for water storage (p&gt;0.05). All UAs resulted in similar mean enamel SBS with or without an extra layer of HLB at 24H. After 6M, only ADU resulted in higher enamel SBS when an extra layer of HLB was applied. All UAs resulted in higher mean enamel SBS than HLB (control). Most failures were adhesive exception for PBU/HLB/6M, which had mostly mixed failures.

Conclusions
UAs resulted in statistically higher enamel SBS than the nonsolvated hydrophobic bonding resin (control), regardless of the solvent in their composition. Application of an extra layer of hydrophobic bonding resin over UAs did not improve mean enamel SBS for isopropanol- and acetone-based UAs but did improve mean enamel SBS for the ethanol-based UA after 6M. Resin composite bonding to enamel using a hydrophobic bonding resin alone is not recommended.
The Analysis of In-Service Teachers’ Practices of Implementing Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)
Authors: Soko Imelda P. , Samo Damianus D. 
Published: March 2023

Generally this study aims to analyze quantitatively and qualitatively the level of TPACK for teacher students and various factors that influence teachers’ TPACK. This study utilized quantitative approach with the help of survey method. The results showed that the teachers’ TPACK level was at a poor (1.7%), good (59.3%), and very good level (39.9%). There are four TPACK components that are at the perception level and three components are at the conception level. Correspondingly, three significant differences found in the average of: (a) Teachers’ TPACK between each study groups, (b) Teachers’ TPACK between each group of teachers with different teaching experiences, and (c) Teachers’ TPACK between each group of teachers with different training experiences. In short, both teaching and training experience are able to distinguish teachers’ TPACK and have a positive influence on teachers’ TPACK. Further research is needed by considering the importance of learning experience and the educational stakeholders should ensure that teacher professional developments are applicative TPACK programs.
PENGARUH CSR DAN EFEK KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE DENGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Andi Nabila Meutia Rafika  , Bulutoding Lince , Syariati Namla Elfa 
Published: March 2023

Abstrac, Tax avoidance is legal in the eyes of the law, but it is unethical behavior when viewed from an ethical perspective. Companies that do tax avoidance are considered socially irresponsible. Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Indonesia is disclosed in sustainability reporting as an additional report in addition to the company's annual financial statements as required by the government. This study uses a causal comparative research approach. The object of the study was the financial statements of 60 companies listed in the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the 2015-2019 period. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has a negative and significant effect on Tax avoidance. The size of the Company has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance. Multinational Company has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance. The Company's Financial Performance does not moderate the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and tax avoidance. The Company's Financial Performance does not moderate the effect of the Company Size on tax avoidance. The Company's Financial Performance moderates the relationship between the company's multinational variable and the Tax avoidance variable.
Abstrak, Tax avoidance atau penghindaran pajak merupakan hal yang legal di mata hukum, namun merupakan perilaku yang tidak etis jika dilihat dari perspektif etika. Perusahaan yang melakukan tax avoidance dianggap tidak bertanggung jawab secara sosial. Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) di Indonesia diungkapkan dalam sustainability reporting sebagai laporan tambahan selain laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan sesuai yang disyaratkan pemerintah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kausal komparatif (causal comparative research). Objek penelitian adalah laporan keuangan 60 perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) periode 2015-2019. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Tax avoidance. Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap tax avoidance. Multinational Company berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tax avoidance. Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan tidak memoderasi hubungan antara Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dengan tax avoidance. Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan tidak memoderasi pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap tax avoidance. Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan memoderasi hubungan antara variabel multinational company dengan variabel Tax avoidance.
PENERAPAN PENGANGGARAN BERBASIS KINERJA PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Alimuddin Fadhil Husain , Haliah  , Kusumawati Andi 
Published: March 2023

Abstrac, One of the factors that must be considered in universities is budgeting as a control of work units, motivational and perusation tools to act effectively and efficiently in achieving the organization's vision. An important factor in budgeting in universities in Indonesia by considering employee competence, organizational competence, and reward and sanctions system. In addition, it should be noted that the quality of knowledge of human resources, especially to the PIC of budget constituents, in budgeting due to the foundation in determining performance benchmarks, the need for a change in the old mindset of budgeting that increases from year to year which results in no cost efficiency, and an understanding of the irreversible budget is important, as the efficiency of funding from activities will be able to encourage improving the performance of universities over other activities. Performance-based budgeting in this study provides a different perspective in integrating institutional management theory and organizational theory in organizational goal setting.
Abstrak, Salah satu faktor yang harus diperhatikan dalam perguruan tinggi ialah melakukan penganggaran sebagai pengendalian unit kerja, alat motivasi dan perusasi untuk bertindak efektif dan efisien dalam pencapaian tujuan organisasi. Faktor penting dalam penganggaran di perguruan tinggi di Indonesia dengan mempertimbangkan kompetensi karyawan, kompetensi organisasi, dan sistem penghargaan dan sanksi. Selain itu, hal yang perlu di perhatikan bahwa kualitas pengetahuan sumber daya manusia, khususnya terhadap PIC penyusun anggaran, dalam penyusunan anggaran dikarenakan pondasi dalam penentuan tolok ukur kinerja, perlunya perubahan pola pikir lama terhadap penganggaran yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun yang mengakibatkan tidak adanya efisiensi biaya, dan pemahaman terhadap anggaran yang tidak dapat diubah menjadi hal yang penting, karena efisiensi dana dari kegiatan akan dapat mendorong meningkatkan kinerja perguruan tinggi atas kegiatan lainnya. Penganggaran berbasis kinerja pada kajian ini memberikan perspektif yang berbeda dalam mengintegrasikan teori manajemen kelembagaan dan teori organisasi dalam penetapan tujuan organisasi.
KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA PASCA KONFLIK DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Santalia Indo , Zulfiani  
Published: March 2023

Konflik sosial kekerasan bernuansa agama di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta terjadi karena adanya faktor struktural dimana oleh kurangnya pendidikan di masyarakat baik pendidikan formal dan pendidikan spiritual sehingga munculnya ketidakmampuan membedakan isu dan juga pemahaman pendidikan agama yang memunculkan stereotip dan perasaan terancam akan munculnya agama atau pemahaman lain dari apa yang diterima. Sistem deteksi dini dan tanggap dini oleh pemerintah daerah dalam pencegahan konflik bernuansa agama di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang dilakukan belum cukup maksimal dimana Pemerintah Daerah dalam upaya deteksi dini yang dilakukan bukan untuk mendeteksi potensi konflik sebelum terjadi melainkan hanya pada deteksi setelah terjadinya konflik; belum mampu untuk mencapai deteksi dini konflik sebagai upaya pencegahan terjadinya konflik di masyarakat yang mengakibatkan banyaknya kasus yang terjadi. Kerukunan Umat beragama di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta mengalami perubahan tetapi tidak signifikan dikarenakan terdapat hambatan hambatan yang di dapat oleh Pemerintah. Namun dalam kenyataanya berdasarka survey yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah. Indeks Kerukunan Umat Beragama Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Data survei kerukunan umat beragama (KUB) di DIY yang dikeluarkan Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kemenag RI ternyata di atas rata-rata nasional. Sikap toleransi di DIY angkanya 71,9 persen, sedangkan di tingkat nasional 70,91. Di tahun 2018 (75,84 persen), nasional 70,33 persen. Kemudian pada tahun 2019, sikap toleransi di DIY juga di atas rata-rata nasional yakni 73,48, sedangkan nasional 72,37 persen.
Kata Kunci;
Kerukunan Umat Beragama, Konflik , Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
TOLERANSI ANTAR UMAT BERAGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Aulia Guruh Ryan 
Published: March 2023

Abstrak;
Indonesia yang dikenal dengan negara yang memiliki keanekaragaman suku, budaya, ras, dan agama. Setiap agama memiliki perbedaan yang ada dapat menciptakan konflik antar umat beragama. Sehingga perlunya diterapkan sikap toleransi pada masyarakat. Ajaran toleransi berkaitan dengan agama Islam. Agama Islampun memberikan kebebasan bagi siapapun untuk memeluk agama yang diyakini. Islam juga menjadi pelopor toleransi dalam menciptakan kedamaian dan kerukunan dalam kehidupan beragama. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan perspektif Islam dalam toleransi antar umat beragama dalam sudut aspek teoritis. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sumber ilmu pengetahuan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan berupa penelitian kepustakaan atau library research yang disusun secara sistematis. Adapun hasil penelitian ini ialah dasar toleransi dalam Islam, prinsip-prinsip toleransi beragama serta kendala toleransi antar umat beragama.
ANALISIS KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DITINJAU DARI PROGRAM PEMBIASAAN DAN KETELADANAN
Authors: Failla Aulia Denansa  , Anita Trisiana  , Ratna Widyaningrum  
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) menganalisis kemandirian belajar siswa kelas IV di SD Negeri 1 Tunggur, 2) menganalisis implementasi program pembiasaan dan keteladanan dalam menanamkan kemandirian belajar siswa kelas IV di SD Negeri 1 Tunggur, 3) mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemandirian belajar siswa kelas IV di SD Negeri 1 Tunggur. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 14 siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan jenis kualitatif dengan strategi studi analisis deskriptif, dimana teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini antara lain: 1) observasi yakni teknik pengolahan data dengan karakteristik yang lebih rinci daripada dengan teknik lainnya, 2) wawancara yakni pertemuan antara dua orang untuk berbagi informasi atau pendapat melalui tanya jawab agar suatu topik menjadi bermakna, 3) angket, adalah suatu teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan membagikan sebuah pertanyaan-pertanyaan secara tertulis untuk responden jawab, dan 4) dokumentasi yakni suatu teknik yang digunakan untuk melengkapi penggunaan teknik observasi dan wawancara dalam penelitian kualitatif .Diperoleh hasil bahwa: (1) Siswa yang memiliki kemandirian belajar tinggi yaitu sebanyak 7 siswa (50%). Sedangkan siswa yang kemandirian belajarnya rendah yaitu sebanyak 7 siswa (50%); (2) Implementasi program pembiasaan dan keteladanan di SD Negeri 1 Tunggur; (3) kemandirian belajar siswa dipengaruhi oleh 2 faktor yaitu faktor internal diantaranya disiplin, percaya diri, motivasi, dan tanggung jawab dan faktor eksternal diantaranya lingkungan, fasilitas belajar, serta kemampuan guru dalam menyampaikan pembelajaran.
THE NARRATIVES of FATIMA BINT Al-MUNTHER In The SIX BOOKS (Analytical study)
Authors: Mohammed Abeer 
Published: March 2023

This research is based on the Prophetic Hadith of the follower Fatima Bint Al-Mundhir. The research focuses on her personaland scientific life and her generation. It also sheds light on her Prophetic Hadith in the Six books of Prophetic Tradition which comprises Twelve Hadiths which are non-repetitive. Her tales varies around Islamic jurisprudence. Her tales and stories are sound and reliable as they are mentioned in "Sahih Al-Bukhaari" and "Muslim", except for one Hadith, which is brought out by Imam Al-Tirmidhi and which later on is declared as a sound Hadith.
THE ROLE of ISLAMIC FINANCE TOOLS in ADDRISSING The BUDGET DEFICIT In MALAYSIA
Authors: Ismail Mahmoud , Karim Majid 
Published: March 2023

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad and his family and companions After:
The purpose of this research, which focuses on the contribution of Islamic financing tools to finance the general budget of the Malaysian state, is to introduce the concept of the budget deficit and its causes, as well as the role played by these tools in financing the general budget of the State. Malaysia markets Islamic capital and Islamic financial architecture, and finally the role of Zakat and Waqf in financing Malaysia's budget deficit
In order to achieve the objectives of the study was adopted descriptive analytical method to collect and interpret the information necessary to benefit from the subject of the study.
AL-KASAI WITH SHEIKH HAMZA( MAY ALLAH HAVE MERCY ON THEM ) COLLECT and GUIDE
Authors: Khalaf Shallal 
Published: March 2023

The science of reading is regarded to be one of important sciences from the important sciences of fundamentalists and interpreters and all scientists of the Islamic nation, and this study deserves to be noticed since it can have connection with meaning. does not end, and here we students of science try to catch up with these scientists perhaps we contribute a little, or have the benefit of their knowledge that they left us, gold helped me to carry out this study, asking the Almighty to make it in the balance of our advantages, although it is the effort of the study focused on words that are not read in two different ways . the study also concentrated on the Quranic words in which kissaey differs with hamza on them , so as not to weigh the margins, and i explained the approval readings and infraction of Al-imam Al-kissaey In the margin According to the need the study is divided into two topics: the first one is the Basie element of the study , the second is concerned with words and the way they are reading of the margin to clarify, and attributed Quranic readings to their sources, with extraction the Quranic verses in the margin as the habit of researchers, and the most important results of the research that what is contrary to readers each other is the facilitation that Allah gave to this nation, and not the weakness or abnormality of those reading .

The Study depended on honest sourees besides other colleagus helped the researcher in different ways, s as t carry out the study . the study also proved that the selective words from the Quran were relevant to the corect way which was followed by the most important icnowled geables in correct Readings of the Quranic Words
Repitition and Omission in the Poetry of Al-Abass bin Al-Ahnif
Authors: Hasan Raeed 
Published: March 2023

This study deals with the phenomenon of repetition and deletion in the poetry of one of the Abbasid poets, which is (Abass bin AL-Ahnif), and therefore the importance of these phenomena in the Arabic poetry, The meeting will undoubtedly raise the question of how all these elements can be achieved in a single poem.
Therefore, this study deals with the poetry (Abbas ibn al-Ahnaf) in terms of the way he used to repeat and delete in his hair, and how to link these two phenomena in the sense and significance, and how this reflected on the eloquence of the system. This study deals with a small glimpse of the poet, his name and proportions, and his status, and his death, as it defines the phenomena of repetition and deletion in the language and in the terminology of scientists, and was exposed to the use of Abbas bin Ahnaf these two phenomena in his office.
LEGAL SOLUTIONS To SELL GOLD and SILVER JEWELRY in DEBT
Authors: Hussein Rifaat 
Published: March 2023

This research deals with the ruling on selling gold and silver jewelery in debt. It is well known that the majority of jurists and modern Fiqh Jurisprudence have agreed on the inviolability of selling gold and silver jewelery with religion. Therefore I wanted to look for legal solutions and jurisprudential exegesis from falling into forbidden riba. There are two legitimate ways to get rid of falling into riba:
The first is his photo: two people are contracted to buy jewelery in cash, but the buyer buys the jewelry from the seller, then he buys all or part of the price. The buyer then receives the money and then pays the seller a price for the jewelry

The second way out: His image is that a person deals with a goldsmith, and he takes gold and silver jewelry as a loan. The lender then refunds it to him other than the other currencies, such as the Iraqi dinar, the US dollar or other currencies.
TAFSER IBN JUZY MEAN That VERSES SOME The of OPPOSIT The APPEARSNCE
Authors: Abdullah Hiba 
Published: March 2023

Praise be to Allah , the lord of the words and blessing and peace be upon the noblest of messengers , the prophet Mohammed and on his companions and his family .
My research subject of (Tafser Ibn juzy of verses which seemingly contrary sense) on the translation of the( Life for Imam Ibn juzy named the propration and origin and the ageing and his disciples and his dealth).
Those few verses interpreted pointed to the reader the through the interpretion of enunciated and convenience of down loaoding by Ibn juzy Al khalby .

And speking a bout the reasons for going down the verses creams and how that shapes might still caus through revelation of verses .
PARTIAL DILIGENCE"SCIENTIFIC MESSAGES" MODEL
Authors: Mohammed Dhargham 
Published: March 2023

The increasing facts and developments underscore the need for purposes, because they are the means of deriving and neglecting judgments.
The circle of research and development is narrowed, and for this reason the Sahaabah taught it in their jurisprudence.
Among the most popular are the scholars of Islam, led by Umar ibn al-Khattab and Ali ibn Abi Talib May Allah be pleased with them.
Ali bin Abi Talib was the owner of the solutions to solve the problems of the issues. His mental approach, which was followed by in the development of the provisions of legitimacy in the use of texts and try to understand them and ways to derive from them, and was seeking in all this to achieve the interest in the world and this seems so clear in the jurisprudential applications.

This research confined on necessities and improvements; because they are the most powerful and most important, and that the necessities are presented to them in disagreement as well as in the response of the necessary purposes; they are not all as powerful but there are different and for that reason the strong ones offer at least strength in the disagreement.
COUNTING, CALCULATION and STATISTICS in the GLORIOUS QURAN
Authors: Alawe Ayad , Altaeaf Muhamad 
Published: March 2023

This research investigates the meaning of the words of counting, calculation and statistics in the Glorious Quran based on the Arabic lexicography and books of interpretation of the Holy Quran and books of Hadith and others. I have mentioned the words of scholars in the interpretation of these words as they are from the synonym, and give common meanings of these words and made each word of the denominator of the other, To collect what is different from its meanings and looked into their use in the Glorious Quran and the Hadith, and reinforced my research with evidence that each word has its own significance and contextual meaning, and does not serve its purpose. The calculation is the use of mathematical processes (addition, subtraction, division and multiplication) to collect the results based on available data, while the statistical significance is to know detailed information about each of the elements targeted by the census.
The NAMES of DOOMS DAY and its DRAMATIZED in TABARAK PART
Authors: Ebrahi Idan , Hassan Ahmad 
Published: March 2023

The believe of the Dooms day is the fifth pillar from the six believes for Islam ‎and one of its fundamentals of Islamic religion and great origin of believes ‎origins there for it is no believes truth without the great pillar. We want to ‎remember in this time because the humans is forget it and they preferring the ‎live and forget the Dooms day. The Holy Quraan in Tabarak part to remember ‎that and what is happened and difficulties in that day to know Human that will ‎see it. There for we focused at the dooms day our research that its tittle (The ‎Names of Dooms Day and its Dramatized in Tabarak part – Creedal Study-).‎
The scientific materials forced at us that research has an introduction, ‎preface and two researches add the end. We mention in preface definitions of ‎tittle and its vocabulary.‎

The first research- the names of dooms day that mentions in Tabarak part ‎and the second research- the dramatized of Dooms day that refer it in Tabarak ‎part. ‎