bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The significance of central blood pressure for cardiovascular target organ damage in children and adolescents after kidney transplantation
Authors: Greiner Anne-Sophie , von der Born Jeannine , Kohlmeier Lena , Grabitz Carl , Bauer Elena , Memaran Nima , Sugianto Rizky Indrameikha , Kanzelmeyer Nele , Fröde Kerstin , Schmidt Bernhard , Melk Anette 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular (CV) complications are important causes of morbidity and mortality in children after kidney transplantation (KTx). In adults, central blood pressure (cBP) is an accepted predictor of CV sequelae. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of cBP over peripheral blood pressure (pBP) for existing CV damage.

Methods
We measured cBP and pBP in 48 pediatric KTx recipients (mean age: 13.5 ± 4.2 years). Assessment of left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) allowed detection of CV target organ damage. LVMI and PWV were used as endpoints in multivariable linear regression models, in which cBP and pBP were compared for their predictive value.

Results
Using cBP z-scores, we identified a larger number of patients with uncontrolled or untreated hypertension compared to pBP (36% vs. 7%). Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) was a significant independent predictor of LVMI, while peripheral systolic blood pressure (pSBP) was not. Comparing central (cDBP) and peripheral (pDBP) diastolic blood pressure for their predictive value on PWV revealed a greater estimate for cDBP (0.035 vs. 0.026 for pDBP) along with a slightly better model fit for cDBP.

Conclusions
Our data in a small group of patients provide first evidence that cBP measurements in pediatric KTx recipients might be helpful in identifying patients at risk for the development of CV sequelae. Investigating a larger patient number, ideally repeatedly, is needed to create further evidence supporting our findings. In light of available devices measuring cBP noninvasively, the implementation of such clinical studies post-KTx care should be feasible.

Graphical abstract
Hardy and Rellich inequality on lattices
Authors: Gupta Shubham 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the asymptotic behaviour of the sharp constant in discrete Hardy and Rellich inequality on the lattice $$\mathbb {Z}^d$$

Z

d

as $$d \rightarrow \infty $$

d
→
∞

. In the process, we proved some Hardy-type inequalities for the operators $$\Delta ^m$$

Δ
m

and $$\nabla (\Delta ^m)$$

∇
(

Δ
m

)

for non-negative integers m on a d dimensional torus. It turns out that the sharp constant in discrete Hardy and Rellich inequality grows as d and $$d^2$$

d
2

respectively as $$ d \rightarrow \infty $$

d
→
∞

.
Localising and quantifying night-time cooling effects from sub-catchments in a mid-European low mountain area
Authors: Döscher Niels , Ketzler Gunnar , Leuchner Michael 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We propose a novel method to analyse and quantify cooling effects provided to a settlement by source areas of nocturnal cold-air drainage. In an interdisciplinary approach, these source areas were defined as hydrological sub-catchments of a complex catchment area in a low mountain range. The cold-air drainage model KLAM_21 was used to exclude the energetic influence of the sub-catchments from the model area by surrounding them with artificial barriers. The outputs of these runs were then compared to a reference run without exclusion to derive the cooling effect of each source area. The results were evaluated at sample points along the main valley and for residential areas of a medium sized city and two smaller settlements. We find that in the complex terrain of the study area, also comparatively remote source areas can have a noticeable cooling effect on the residential neighbourhoods of the target settlements from the middle of the night. The strongest effect however, could be attributed to the sub-catchments in direct vicinity of the target areas. The results at the sample points along the main valley showed that the cooling effect decreased with increasing distance to the sub-catchments and usually gets stronger during the night. The variation in strength of cooling effect between different sub-catchments is likely due to their individual properties such as remoteness, size, terrain, land-cover situation and cold-air exchange with other sub-catchments through overflow effects.
Accidental acquisition of a rescued Japanese encephalitis virus with unspliced introns in the viral genome when using an intron-based stabilization approach
Authors: Huang Ying , Xu Hongshan , Liu Shan , Lu Jiansheng , Jia Lili , Li Yuhua , Wang Rong , Yang Peng , Yu Yongxin , Yang Zhixin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe intron-based stabilization approach is a very useful strategy for construction of stable flavivirus infectious clones. SA14-14-2 is a highly attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) live vaccine strain that has been widely used in China since 1989. To develop safe and effective recombinant vaccines with SA14-14-2 as a backbone vector, we constructed the DNA-based infectious clone pCMW-JEV of SA14-14-2 using the intron-based stabilization approach and acquired the rescued virus rDJEV, which retained the biological properties of the parental virus. Unexpectedly, a rescued virus strain with altered virulence, designated rHV-DJEV, was accidentally acquired in one of the transfection experiments. rHV-DJEV showed up to 105-fold increased neurovirulence compared with the SA14-14-2 parental strain. Genome sequencing showed that the inserted introns were still present in the genome of rHV-DJEV. Therefore, we think that the intron-based stabilization approach should be used with caution in vaccine development and direct iDNA immunization.
Evaluation of the masking efficacy of caries infiltration in post-orthodontic initial caries lesions: 1-year follow-up
Authors: Wierichs R. J. , Abou-Ayash B. , Kobbe C. , Esteves-Oliveira M. , Wolf M. , Knaup I. , Meyer-Lueckel H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the masking efficacy and color stability of resin infiltration on post-orthodontic ICL after 1 year.

Materials and methods
In 17 adolescents, 112 ICL (ICDAS-1: n = 1; ICDAS-2: n = 111) in 112 teeth were treated by resin infiltration (Icon, DMG) 3 to 12 months after bracket removal. The etching procedure was performed up to 3 times. Standardized digital images were taken before treatment (T0), 7 days (T7) and 12 months (T365) after treatment. Outcomes included the evaluation of the color differences between infiltrated and healthy enamel at T0, T7, and T365 by quantitative (colorimetric analysis (ΔE), ICDAS scores) and qualitative methods (5-point Likert scale (deteriorated (1), unchanged (2), improved, but not satisfying (3), improved and no further treatment required (4), completely masked (5)).) Differences between time points were analyzed by using Friedman test (ΔΕ) and chi-square tests (ICDAS).

Results
The median color difference (25th/75th percentiles) between carious and healthy enamel at baseline (ΔΕ0) was 10.2(7.7/13.6). A significant decrease was observed 7 days after treatment (ΔΕ7 = 3.1(1.8/5.0); p < 0.001; ICDAS; p < 0.001). No significant changes based on ΔΕ (p = 1.000), and ICDAS grade (p = 0.305) were observed between T7 and T365 (ΔΕ12 = 3.4 (1.8/4.9)). Furthermore, at T365 four experienced dentists classified 55% and 39% of the lesions as “improved and no further treatment required” and “completely masked,” respectively (Fleiss kappa: T365 = 0.851 (almost perfect)).

Conclusion
Resin infiltration efficaciously masked post-orthodontic ICL 7 days and 12 months after treatment. These results for most of the teeth could not only be observed by quantitative but also by qualitative analysis.

Clinical relevance
Resin infiltration efficaciously masks post-orthodontic initial carious lesions. The optical improvement can be observed directly after treatment and remains stable for at least 12 months.
Plant hydraulic resistance controls transpiration of soybean in rotational paddy fields under humid climates
Authors: Kubota Shigehiro , Nishida Kazuhiro , Yoshida Shuichiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEfficient irrigation and drainage management are highly required for increasing crop productivity in paddy rice and upland crop rotation. However, conventional management does not sufficiently consider the water status of the plants and soil in the root zone. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the hydraulic resistance of soil (Rs) or plant (Rp) principally controlled transpiration in rotational paddy fields (RPFs) located in humid regions. To achieve this, we conducted field measurements of soil water conditions, evapotranspiration rate, and leaf water potential in RPFs cropped with soybean after the flowering stage and calculated Rs and Rp based on the theory of root water uptake. After the flowering stage, the soil was sometimes saturated owing to intermittent precipitation, and thus Rs was maintained at a low value. By contrast, Rp gradually increased over time and ranged between 5.1 × 108 and 10.3 × 108 s, which was one to three orders of magnitude higher than Rs. The ratio of the actual to the potential transpiration rate decreased throughout the investigation period and hardly reached 1.0, even though the soil was sufficiently wet. These results indicate that Rp, which probably increases with continuous soil saturation, controls crop transpiration in RPFs under humid climates. Our results suggest that drainage systems are essential in RPFs to avoid a change in Rp and improve crop productivity.
Reduced graphene oxide/polyurethane coatings for wash-durable wearable piezoresistive sensors
Authors: Olivieri Federico , Rollo Gennaro , De Falco Francesca , Avolio Roberto , Bonadies Irene , Castaldo Rachele , Cocca Mariacristina , Errico Maria Emanuela , Lavorgna Marino , Gentile Gennaro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGraphene-based functional coatings for cotton textiles were realized through an easy dip-coating procedure. Cotton fabrics were coated with a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layer and then protected with a very thin polyurethane (PU) layer that does not affect the flexibility and the hand of the pristine cotton. The application of the rGO coating induces electrical conductivity to the fabric and the application of the PU phase increases the durability of the coatings, that show very stable surface resistivity after 10 washing cycles performed at temperatures up to 40 °C. Furthermore, the rGO and rGO/PU coated fabrics show good comfort properties, increased thermal conductivity and breathability with respect to cotton. In particular, the realized coatings allow to confine the heat transfer in correspondence of a localized heating source, which is very interesting for thermal therapy applications. Finally, the rGO/PU coated fabrics present a piezoresistive behaviour characterized by very stable electrical response to applied stretching up to 50% deformation, high sensitivity especially at low deformations with gauge factor values up to 11.7 and fast response time down to 500 ms when stretched at 100 mm/min rate at 2.5% strain. Overall, the results demonstrate that rGO/PU coated fabrics are very promising wash-durable electrically conductive e-textiles with improved comfort, enhanced thermal conductivity for possible thermal therapy applications, and piezoresistive properties for sensing applications as human motion monitoring.
Theft of Gramsci? On the radical right, radical left, and common sense
Authors: Pasieka Agnieszka 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDrawing on ethnographic research with radical right-wing activists in Italy and Poland, my article reflects on the ways in which the Gramscian framework may enhance our understanding of the present-day political landscape. Gramsci’s role in the article is threefold. First, since he was a keen observer of fascist developments, I relate his observations on fascism and inquire into their relevance for understanding the rise of the far right today. Second, I explore the agendas of the movements I studied through the Gramscian lens. Inspired by the special issue’s editors, I examine the extent to which Gramsci’s concept of “common sense” is helpful for analyzing contemporary far-right activism. Third, I relate my own ethnographic observation to analyses of a broader terrain of far-right politics to shed light on the phenomenon of “far-right Gramscianism.” Bringing together all these observations on the radical right, “common sense” and Gramsci’s legacy, I reflect on the complex interrelationship between the radical right and the radical left.
Active movement to coarse grained sediments by globally endangered freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera)
Authors: Eissenhauer Felix , Grunicke Felix , Wagner Annekatrin , Linke Daniel , Kneis David , Weitere Markus , Berendonk Thomas U. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera is an endangered bivalve which is usually regarded as sedentary, although individual movement has been observed both vertically and horizontally. Little is known about the causes and rates of mussel movement. The objective of this study was to test the effect of microhabitat characteristics on the horizontal movement distance and rates of freshwater pearl mussels. A total of 120 mussels (length range 40–59 mm) were marked individually with passive integrated transponder tags, placed in stream microhabitats differing in their sediment composition and monitored biweekly over a period of 10 weeks. Mussels situated in sand-dominated habitats had a significantly higher mean movement rate (3.2 ± 4.2 cm/day, mean ± SD) than mussels situated in gravel-dominated (1.9 ± 2.7 cm/day) or stone-dominated habitats (1.8 ± 3.2 cm/day). The direction of the movements appeared random; however, an emigration from sandy habitats was observed, probably to avoid dislodgment from these hydraulically unstable habitats. This study demonstrates that freshwater pearl mussels can actively emigrate from unsuitable microhabitats. Once suitable streams with respect to physical, chemical, and biological quality were identified, it is therefore only necessary to identify suitable mesohabitats (area of 10–30 m2) when reintroducing or relocating mussels.
The Learning Design & Course Creation Workshop: Impact of a Professional Development Model for Training Designers and Creators of Online and Distance Learning
Authors: Olney Tom , Rienties Bart , Chang Daphne , Banks Duncan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigher education institutions are increasingly moving from traditional education approaches to incorporate online and distance learning (ODL) models, and this represents a substantial educational challenge for many educators. One way to support this challenge is by providing appropriate professional development (PD) for the design of ODL. Based on models from the Open University, UK this paper contends that PD for the design of ODL should align learning design frameworks with constructivist and student-focused pedagogies to manage the change to the professional teaching identities of participants that designing ODL represents. Robust professional identities are important for mitigating anxiety, embedding lasting change and leveraging the benefits of ODL for institutions and students. In this study, the rationale, model, and strategies of the Learning Design and Course Creation Workshop, based on current literature and participant feedback gathered immediately after instances of the PD was completed in China, are described. Evidence and examples of impact gathered from a second instrument, gathered after implementation, is also provided, and discussed in this context. The findings and conclusions will be of interest to those tasked with providing PD to support educators faced with rapid educational change, particularly as a response to the global demand for the design of ODL.
Deriving Large Coronal Magnetic Loop Parameters Using LOFAR J Burst Observations
Authors: Zhang Jinge , Reid Hamish A. S. , Krupar Vratislav , Zucca Pietro , Dabrowski Bartosz , Krankowski Andrzej 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLarge coronal loops around one solar radius in altitude are an important connection between the solar wind and the low solar corona. However, their plasma properties are ill-defined, as standard X-ray and UV techniques are not suited to these low-density environments. Diagnostics from type J solar radio bursts at frequencies above 10 MHz are ideally suited to understand these coronal loops. Despite this, J-bursts are less frequently studied than their type III cousins, in part because the curvature of the coronal loop makes them unsuited for using standard coronal density models. We used LOw-Frequency-ARray (LOFAR) and Parker Solar Probe (PSP) solar radio dynamic spectrum to identify 27 type III bursts and 27 J-bursts during a solar radio noise storm observed on 10 April 2019. We found that their exciter velocities were similar, implying a common acceleration region that injects electrons along open and closed magnetic structures. We describe a novel technique to estimate the density model in coronal loops from J-burst dynamic spectra, finding typical loop apex altitudes around 1.3 solar radius. At this altitude, the average scale heights were 0.36 solar radius, the average temperature was around 1 MK, the average pressure was $0.7~\text{mdyn}\,\text{cm}^{-2}$
0.7

mdyn

cm

−
2

, and the average minimum magnetic field strength was 0.13 G. We discuss how these parameters compare with much smaller coronal loops.
A Millian Case for Censoring Vaccine Misinformation
Authors: Saunders Ben 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe spread of vaccine misinformation may contribute to vaccine refusal/hesitancy and consequent harms. Nonetheless, censorship is often rejected on the grounds of free expression. This article examines John Stuart Mill’s influential defence of free expression but finds that his arguments for freedom apply only to normal, reasonably favourable circumstances. In other cases, it may be permissible to restrict freedom, including freedom of speech. Thus, while Mill would ordinarily defend the right to express false views, such as that vaccines cause autism, he might have accepted restrictions on anti-vaccine misinformation during the present pandemic. This illustrates that even the staunchest defenders of free speech can permit temporary restrictions in exceptional circumstances.
COVID-19 Health Passes: Practical and Ethical Issues
Authors: Ortiz-Millán Gustavo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeveral countries have implemented COVID-19 health passes or certificates to promote a safer return to in-person social activities. These passes have been proposed as a way to prove that someone has been vaccinated, has recovered from the disease, or has negative results on a diagnostic test. However, many people have questioned their ethical justification. This article presents some practical and ethical problems to consider in the event of wishing to implement these passes. Among the former, it is questioned how accurate diagnostic tests are as a means of ensuring that a person is not contagious, whether vaccination guarantees immunity, the fact that health passes can be forged, whether they encourage vaccination, and the problem that there is no universally recognized health pass. Among the ethical issues, it is discussed whether health passes promote discrimination and inequality and whether they violate rights to privacy and freedom. It is concluded that health passes have enough ethical justification to be implemented.
Verification of GPDS planning framework for social marketing: a Delphi method
Authors: Akbar M. Bilal , Barnes Elizabeth 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the GPDS (Getting Started, Planning, Design, and Sustainability) Planning Framework for Social Marketing. A qualitative research design was employed. Data were collected from social marketing experts using the Delphi method and analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. The proposed framework includes key strengths of existing Social Marketing Planning (SMP) approaches. It also embeds emerging social marketing principles in the planning process, such as ‘Continuous Consumer Research and Feedback Loop’ (embracing key aspects of monitoring and evaluation) and ‘Expert Consultation’ to overcome the lack of clarity on the interdisciplinary language used in the field. Importantly, the critical aspect of ‘Sustainability’ in the changed behavior is incorporated, aligning with the global consensus definition of social marketing and the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focus on sustainable outcomes. Both theory and practice have been applied to the development and verification process of the proposed framework. The framework has consensus from 23 social marketing experts worldwide, drawing on current best practices and experts’ opinions/experience in the field. The GPDS Planning Framework for Social Marketing offers a comprehensive list of sources in the accompanying toolkit, including various activities for insight, design, implementation, and evaluation. This enables practitioners to prepare, plan and deliver social marketing programs to sustain behavioral outcomes. This research informs those working in social marketing, social policy, behavioral insight/design, public health, health communication, and service-user experience. These disciplines deploy social marketing practices in the design and delivery of interventions.