bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher‐order omissions and the stacked view of agency
Authors: Metz Joseph 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOmissions are puzzling, and theyraise myriad questions for many areas of philosophy. In contrast, omissions ofomissions are not usually taken to be very puzzling since they are oftenthought to just be a fancy way of describing ordinary “positive” events, statesof affairs, or actions. This paper contends that – as far as agency isconcerned – at least some omissions of omissions are omissions, not actions. First,this paper highlights how our actions are accompanied by many first‐orderomissions ‐ i.e., omissions to act – and that there already are many strongreasons to think that at least some of these first‐order omissions are agentiallydistinct from simultaneous actions and from other first‐order omissions. Itthen argues that our actions and first‐order omissions are also accompanied byhigher‐order omissions – i.e.,omissions to omit to act– and that higher‐orderomissions are distinct from actions and first‐order omissions for similarreasons. Higher‐order omissions also illuminate a more holistic picture of agency,which involves recognizing that our exercises of agency at a moment in timeinclude all of our overlapping behaviors – our actions, first‐order omissions,and higher‐order omissions. This paper concludes by exploring the impacts ofhigher‐order omissions.
Lowered IL‐37 gene expression and elevated IL‐37‐producing tissue‐resident immune cells in psoriasis lesional biopsies
Authors: Wulamujiang Aini , Ozkanli Seyma , Coskunpinar Ender , Canbaz Halime Tuba , Yesilay Gamze , Tekayev Muhammetnur , Sevgin Kubra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPsoriasis is an immune cell‐dependent chronic autoimmune skin disorder. Interleukin 37 (IL‐37) is a cytokine belonging to the IL‐1 family that shows anti‐inflammatory and protective effects in various mouse models of psoriasis. Even though various animal models are used to investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis, human clinical studies are still needed to make up for the deficiencies, as animal models generally do not exhibit the complex phenotypic features of human psoriasis. Our study aims to demonstrate the relationship between IL‐37‐producing tissue‐resident immune cells with the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The present study was performed on 28 psoriasis patients and 17 healthy volunteers. The ability of anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐37 to impede inflammation and regulate metabolic pathways was assessed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Finally, immunofluorescence double staining for CD4+IL‐37b+, CD68+IL‐37b+, and (forkhead box protein P3) Foxp3+IL‐37b+ was performed. The proportion of CD4+IL‐37b+ T cells, CD68+IL‐37b+ macrophages, and Foxp3+IL‐37b+ T regulatory (Treg) cells was significantly increased in the psoriasis group compared to the control group. IL‐37 gene expression was downregulated in psoriasis when contrasted to the control group. Our findings disclosed that IL‐37‐producing tissue‐resident immune cells might be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and thus may be a therapeutic target for individuals with psoriasis.
It's not simply luck: The impact of network strategy, schedule padding, and operational improvements on domestic on‐time performance in the US airline industry
Authors: Manchiraju Chandrasekhar , Sohoni Milind G. , Deshpande Vinayak 
Published: August 2023

Airlines showcase their on‐time performance (OTP), a globally accepted operational performance metric, to demonstrate punctuality, service reliability, and attract air travelers. Airlines can adopt passive strategies, such as “schedule padding,” and active strategies, such as making “operational changes/improvements,” to improve their OTP. While there is a high degree of variation in airlines' OTP from year to year, it is unclear if and the extent to which airlines' active or passive actions impact their OTP because of factors, like weather, outside an airline's control. We develop a framework in this paper to study the impact of these active and passive actions on the OTP of airlines. Additionally, we study the effect of these strategies on OTP rankings, routinely used to compare airlines. Our methodology builds on the structural estimation model developed in prior literature and replicates the typical schedule planning process observed in the airline industry. We use an 11‐year panel data of flights operated by US domestic carriers from 2005 to 2015 to measure OTP changes, schedule padding, and operational changes. Broadly, active actions include (i) changes to the airline's network structure (e.g., flight routes and schedules) and (ii) other operational changes to improve flight performance (operational improvement). We demonstrate through our analysis that operational improvements have the highest association with both the change in OTP and OTP rankings of airlines, followed by schedule padding; the impact of network changes on OTP and OTP rankings is the lowest. Our framework also accounts for the impact of competition on an airline's OTP ranking. We show that while an airline's own actions can improve its OTP ranking, a competitor's action may negatively affect the ranking. In fact, a competitor's passive strategy of schedule padding may have a higher impact than an airline's own active strategy of changes in network structure. Our results also indicate that the potential impact of operations improvements is the highest for full‐service airlines and the lowest for leisure airlines. Furthermore, we show that the impact of operational improvements and buffer adjustments decreases with an increase in the variability of the travel time of a route.
Dynamics between warehouse operations and vehicle routing
Authors: Rijal Arpan , Bijvank Marco , de Koster René 
Published: August 2023

When scheduling the distribution of ordered items from a warehouse to customers, the transportation planning is generally done first and serves as input for planning warehouse operations. Such a sequential approach can lead to substantial inefficiencies when the customer deliveries are restricted by time windows, and the warehouse has limited resources available (both order pickers and space in the staging area). This paper studies the trade‐offs between warehouse operations and transportation planning. The goal is to understand the impact of three specific managerial interventions: adopting an integrated planning approach, expanding the available staging space, and expanding the delivery time windows. To this end, we propose a mathematical model for a general vehicle routing problem that incorporates order batching, order picker scheduling, staging, and vehicle loading. We introduce a novel idea to express the picking time of an order batch as a function of the batch size and develop a metaheuristic to solve this integrated problem. Furthermore, we develop exact algorithms to provide optimal solutions for the individual warehouse and transportation problems in a sequential planning approach. Managerial insights are distilled from case studies in two warehouses, one for ambient products and the other for refrigerated products, of a leading grocery retailer in the Netherlands. Our results show that integrated planning outperforms the other managerial interventions and generates cost savings between 9% and 11%. Savings are generally realized by executing larger order batch sizes to be picked in the warehouses at the expense of additional routing cost (around 2–3%). The second intervention in the form of time window expansions of only 15 minutes for customer deliveries can lead to cost savings between 4% and 6%, which results from a reduction in both transportation and warehousing cost. Expanding the capacity of the staging area is only meaningful when the staging space is highly utilized and only results in cost savings for the warehouse operations.
Managing presales with two payments and return policy when consumers are time‐inconsistent
Authors: Kuang Yunjuan , Jiang Li 
Published: August 2023

We consider a firm using presales with two payments—including an upfront deposit and a postponed arrear—to sell a product to time‐inconsistent consumers under various return policies. With the passage of time, consumers decide whether to preorder the product by paying the deposit, whether to settle the balance by paying the arrear by the due date, and, when returns are allowed, whether to return a fully paid product for a refund after its fitness is revealed. Canceling a preorder before settling the balance or failing to settle the balance on time causes a deposit payer to lose deposit. Consumers use quasi‐hyperbolic discounting to weigh intertemporal utilities and exhibit time inconsistency when making purchase decisions. Our results indicate that, as consumers' time inconsistency weakens, the firm manages the deposit and the arrear to induce no, some, and all deposit payers, in that sequence, to settle the balance. It has mixed effects on the profit of the firm and consumer surplus but always causes social welfare to improve since actual sales increase. Regarding the choice of return policy, the firm prefers full returns while consumers prefer no returns when consumers are time‐inconsistent; they share similar preferences when consumers are time‐consistent. Moreover, we find that consumers' imbalance (caused by time‐inconsistent preference) is less likely to occur as consumers are more sophisticated, as the presales period shortens, as the product value increases, or as the product is more likely to be a good fit. In addition, allowing a quick refund for fully paid but not yet delivered products can completely deter imbalance, while this option harms the firm and may or may not benefit consumers. All this yields novel insights into managing presales with two payments and returns when consumers are time‐inconsistent.
Global agricultural supply chains under tariff‐rate quotas
Authors: Hezarkhani Behzad , Arisian Sobhan , Mansouri Afshin 
Published: August 2023

The tariff rate quota (TRQ) is a widely utilized market access instrument in global agricultural trade that allows a predetermined quantity of a product to be imported at a lower tariff rate than the usual rate. This study examines the design and administration of TRQ systems from an operations management perspective and analyzes their impact on market access, fill rates, and revenue for policymakers. We investigate the two most common TRQ administration methods, namely, licensing and first‐come, first‐served (FCFS) systems. We characterize the Nash equilibria (NE) of importers' strategies and observe how information delays and lead times can result in under‐utilization (i.e., imports being less than the quota limit) in licensing and over‐utilization (i.e., imports exceeding the quota limit) in FCFS TRQ systems. We introduce a dual TRQ system and demonstrate its superiority over licensing and FCFS systems. We study the effects of stock‐keeping options through customs‐bonded warehouses and the choice of logistics channels on arrival patterns and fill rates. We conduct a case study of the United Kingdom and the European Union imported beef market using customs data. Our numerical study provides an explanation for the suboptimality of the current TRQ systems and proposes modifications to transform the existing systems. Our findings offer practical directions for agricultural traders to reassess their supply chain strategies by considering the logistical implications of TRQ systems and understanding their competition. This study also urges policymakers to adopt an integrative approach in (re)designing TRQ systems, recognizing the pivotal role of supply chains in global agricultural trade.
Games of supplier encroachment channel selection and e‐tailer's information sharing
Authors: Tang Yanli , Sethi Suresh P. , Wang Yulan 
Published: August 2023

We consider an e‐tailer's upstream supplier who wants to encroach into retailing to earn additional revenue. The supplier needs to decide whether or not to enter the retail market by either selling to consumers on the e‐tailer's platform by paying commission fees (agency encroachment) or opening an independent online/offline retail store (direct encroachment). The e‐tailer has private demand information and decides whether or not to share it with the supplier. Two leadership scenarios—the supplier‐leads (i.e., the supplier selects the channel before the e‐tailer decides whether to share information) and the e‐tailer‐leads (i.e., the supplier selects the channel after the e‐tailer decides whether to share information)—are examined. Our main findings are as follows. First, we show that the e‐tailer has no incentive to share information under no encroachment and direct encroachment. Interestingly, this result holds in both leadership scenarios. Second, a medium commission rate gives rise to an equilibrium of agency encroachment with information sharing by the e‐tailer. This equilibrium is more likely to sustain in the supplier‐leads scenario than in the e‐tailer‐leads scenario. Third, agency encroachment brings the supplier the highest sales volume (at retail in the encroaching channel plus on wholesale to the e‐tailer) when the two parties compete in quantity while direct encroachment does so for a price competition. Fourth, supplier encroachment always improves consumer surplus, but it is not necessarily welfare‐improving. Last, we find that the e‐tailer is more willing to share information to induce the supplier to encroach through his agency channel if he has a significant selling cost advantage over the supplier or can endogenously determine the commission rate.
Dialetheism in Deleuze's event
Authors: Shores Corry 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeleuze never explicitly formulates his philosophy of logical truth‐values. It thus remains an open question as to the number and types he held there to be. Despite his explicit comments on these matters, additional textual evidence suggests that in his thinking on the event, he favored a third truth‐value, holding either the analetheic view that some truth‐bearers can be truth‐valueless or the dialetheic view that some truth‐bearers can be both true and false. I first argue that taking a logical approach to Deleuze's thinking is feasible, despite his and others' claims that might suggest otherwise. Next, I examine his explicit statements to show that they cannot be taken at face value and that, rather, we need to transpose his claims into contemporary terminology in order to accurately assess them. I lastly turn to his Leibniz‐inspired philosophy of time to argue that the affirmations involved in this conception strongly suggest a dialetheic tendency in his thinking.
Relationship between COVID‐19‐related stress and social inhibition among university students in China: The mediating role of psychological richness
Authors: Gu Yu , Tao Lixin , Zheng Wen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThroughout the COVID‐19 pandemic, the mental health issues of university students received increasing attention. However, little is known about the effect of COVID‐19‐related stress on social inhibition among Chinese university students and its psychological mechanism in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore the relationship between COVID‐19‐related stress and social inhibition as well as the mediating role of psychological richness. In late 2022, 1250 Chinese university students were recruited for participation in an online survey. Modified SARS‐Stress Scale, Social Inhibition Questionnaire, and Psychologically Rich Life Questionnaire were used to assess participants' COVID‐19‐related stress, social inhibition, and psychological richness. The Results indicate that COVID‐19‐related stress positively predicts social inhibition and negatively predicts psychological richness. Meanwhile, Psychological richness negatively predicts social inhibition. Mediation analysis shows that the relationship between COVID‐19‐related stress and social inhibition was partially mediated by psychological richness. The results indicate the significant predictive value of psychological richness when studying mental health issues.
Transfusion‐transmission of hepatitis E virus through red blood cell transfusion but not through platelet concentrates: A case report from Spain
Authors: Ojea Ana María , Seco Carolina , Mata Pablo , Muñoz María del Carmen , Álvarez Argüelles Marta Elena , Rodríguez‐Frías Francisco , Quer Sivila Josep , Rando Segura Ariadna , García‐Gala José María , Rodriguez Mercedes 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew cases of transfusion‐transmitted hepatitis E virus (HEV) have been published in Spain. Here, we describe a well‐characterized lookback investigation of a transfusion‐transmitted HEV case at the Community Centre for Blood and Tissues of Asturias (Spain).Case ReportA female patient with chronic myeloid leukemia underwent an allogeneic bone marrow transplant in March 2019 and showed alterations in liver function shortly afterwards. This patient received blood components from 30 different donors in the 3 months before the transplant. Frozen plasma samples from these donations were investigated for the presence of HEV‐RNA. One frequent donor was identified as asymptomatic HEV RNA‐positive at the time of his whole blood donation. The investigation revealed that this donor's plasma unit, originally intended for the fractionation industry, had a viral RNA concentration of 1.9 × 104 copies/mL. HEV RNA was detected initially in the index patient who received the red cell concentrate from this donor 25 days after the transfusion. HEV RNA isolated from both donor and recipient were identified as subtype 3f. The recipient of platelet concentrate (PC), treated with a riboflavin‐based pathogen reduction technology (PRT) was not infected, being negative for the presence of HEV IgM, IgG, and HEV RNA before and after the transfusion.ConclusionThis case study shows that HEV was transmitted through red cell transfusion to a recipient, while the patient who received riboflavin/UV light treated PC did not develop signs of infection. A causal relationship between PRT treatment of the PC and the non‐transmission of HEV remains to be established.
Magnesium in Saline Gypsum-Bearing Soils of Russia
Authors: Chernousenko G. I. , Khitrov N. B. , Pankova E. I. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Statistical analysis of 3802 samples of saline soils from different regions of Russia made it possible to substantiate preliminary conclusions about a higher proportion of magnesium in soils containing gypsum in comparison with gypsum-free saline soils. Gypsum is not a toxic salt and its presence does not cause an increase in salinity. Salinization is mainly related to sodium and magnesium salts, with the sodium percentage often exceeding the magnesium percentage. It is statistically substantiated that in the studied saline soils without gypsum, sodium often dominates among cations in the soil water extract (1 : 5) at any degree of salinity, The appearance of gypsum in the soil profile is accompanied by a significant increase in the proportion of magnesium. In slightly or moderately saline horizons with more than 1% of gypsum, the proportion of magnesium in the water extract (1 : 5) often exceeds 50% of the sum of sodium and magnesium according to the median, arithmetic mean, upper quartile, and maximum values. Even in strongly and very strongly saline soil horizons containing gypsum, the proportion of magnesium is significant with the median of 43 and 31%, respectively, which is 5.8–6.7 times higher than the proportion of magnesium in gypsum-free horizons of the same degree of salinity.
Comparison of Areal and Profile Distribution of Magnetic Susceptibility in Steppe Soils of the Russian Plain
Authors: Malyshev V. V. , Alekseev A. O. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A comparative analysis of areal and profile measurements of magnetic susceptibility was carried out on the plots pf 100 m2 in order to improve methods of surface soil sounding for mapping purposes and for identification of anomalies associated with anthropogenic pollution or disturbance of the surface soil layer. Two sites with Haplic Chernozems and one site with Haplic Kastanozem (Endosalic, Cambic) were studied. Additionally, a catena on the Yergeni Upland with different landscape positions (eluvial, transeluvial, transeluvial–accumulative) was studied. A comparison of the areal and profile magnetic susceptibility measured to a depth of 30 cm showed a direct correlation (R2 = 0.7). The areal survey was found to correctly determine the volumetric magnetic susceptibility ($${{\varkappa }_{{\text{s}}}}$$) to a depth of 30 cm. The $${{\varkappa }_{{\text{s}}}}$$ variation at sites with different types of soils reflects soil–climatic zonality and spatial lithological heterogeneity expressed in different textures and mineralogical compositions of the upper (0–30 cm) soil layer within the test area of 10 × 10 m. The areal magnetic susceptibility of soils can be an important additional indicator capable of reflecting the features of soil-forming, lithological, and geochemical processes occurring in the upper soil layer. The $${{\varkappa }_{{\text{s}}}}$$ variation at sites in different landscape positions is due to the development of sheet erosion and changes in the direction of iron oxidogenesis depending on the position of the soil profile in the relief. The set of areal and profile magnetic susceptibility measurements can be used to study soil inhomogeneities caused by anthropogenic, paleocryogenic, geomorphological, and lithogenic factors. In particular, this approach can be applied to the study of polluted soils and monitoring of agricultural lands.
Retrospective Analysis of the History of Agricultural Development and Evaluation of Soil Erosion Rates in the Lokna River Basin, Tula Oblast
Authors: Ivanova N. N. , Fomicheva D. V. , Rukhovich D. I. , Shamshurina E. N. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract—
According to published and archival data, the dynamics of soil plowing in Tula oblast in general and in its particular districts has been traced. It has been found that the active agricultural development in the southern part of the modern Tula oblast began no earlier than in the middle of the 17th century. According to the maps of different years, changes in the area of arable land in the Lokna River basin (Plavsk district of Tula oblast) from the end of the 18th century until the present time have been determined. The reliability of our data on the history of plowing of the territory is confirmed by the literature data. The composition of field crops and changes in farming systems during the period under review have been reconstructed, and a significant conservatism of these indicators has been revealed: the fallow three-field system dominated throughout the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century; the predominance of rye among winter crops and oats among spring crops remained until the 1970s. According to the WaTEM/SEDEM and using historical data on changes in the main factors of soil erosion as input parameters, the intensity and volumes of rainfall runoff for the selected stages of development of the Lokna River basin have been calculated. In order to compare the results with the literature data for the period of 1980–1993, the rates and volumes of snowmelt washout have been estimated. An assessment of the reliability of the reconstructed model parameters for remote historical epochs has been carried out. The analysis of historical changes in the factors and rates of erosion indicates that the maximum extent of plowed area and the maximum intensity of erosional processes in Lokna River took place in the last quarter of the 19th–early 20th centuries. The influence of particular geomorphic positions of arable land on the rates and volumes of soil erosion has been revealed.