bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Job demands and job control and their associations with disability pension—a register-based cohort study of middle-aged and older Swedish workers
Authors: Falkstedt Daniel , Almroth Melody , Hemmingsson Tomas , d’Errico Angelo , Albin Maria , Bodin Theo , Selander Jenny , Gustavsson Per , Kjellberg Katarina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Job demands and control at work and their combination, job strain, have been studied in relation to risk of disability pension (DP) previously. In the present study, based on registry data, we aimed to deepen the knowledge by analyzing major disease groups among the DPs, dose–response shape of the associations, and potential confounding effects of physical workload.

Methods
Approximately 1.8 million workers aged 44 or older and living in Sweden in 2005 were followed up for 16 years, up to a maximum of 65 years of age. We linked mean values of job demands and job control, estimated in a job-exposure matrice (JEM) by gender, to individuals through their occupational titles in 2005. These values were categorized by rank order, and, for the construction of job-strain quadrants, we used a median cut-off. Associations with DP were estimated in Cox proportional-hazards models.

Results
In models accounting for covariates including physical workload, low levels of job control were associated with higher risk of DP among both men and women. This association was most clear for DP with a psychiatric diagnosis, although a dose–response shape was found only among the men. High levels of job demands were associated with decreased risk of DP across diagnoses among men, but the same association varied from weak to non-existing among women. The high- and passive job-strain quadrants both showed increased risk of DP with a psychiatric diagnosis.

Conclusion
The results suggest that, at the occupational level, low job control, but not high job demands, contributes to an increased incidence of DP, particularly regarding DP with a psychiatric diagnosis.
BDNF alleviates Parkinson's disease by promoting STAT3 phosphorylation and regulating neuronal autophagy
Authors: Geng Xin , Zou Yanghong , Li Jinghui , Li Shipeng , Qi Renli , Yu Hualin , Zhong Lianmei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the gradual death of dopaminergic neurons. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system, which can promote the survival and growth of neurons and protect neurons. This study revealed that BDNF promotes STAT3 phosphorylation and regulates autophagy in neurons. The PD mouse model was established by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Moreover, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) to establish a PD cell model. The level of BDNF was low in PD model mice and SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+. BDNF enhanced the levels of p-TrkB, P-STAT3, PINK1, and DJ-1. BDNF promoted autophagy, inhibited the level of p-α-syn (Ser129) and enhanced cell proliferation. The autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (3-methyladenine, 3-MA) reversed the protective effects of BDNF on neurons. BiFC assay results showed that there was a direct physical interaction between BDNF and STAT3, and coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicated an interaction between STAT3 and PI3K. The PI3K agonist Recilisib activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, promoted autophagy, and alleviated neuronal cell damage. BDNF alleviates PD pathology by promoting STAT3 phosphorylation and regulating neuronal autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells and cultured primary neurons. Finally, BDNF has neuroprotective effects on PD model mice.
Upward Book Embeddability of st-Graphs: Complexity and Algorithms
Authors: Binucci Carla , Da Lozzo Giordano , Di Giacomo Emilio , Didimo Walter , Mchedlidze Tamara , Patrignani Maurizio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA k-page upward book embedding (kUBE) of a directed acyclic graph G is a book embeddings of G on k pages with the additional requirement that the vertices appear in a topological ordering along the spine of the book. The kUBE Testing problem, which asks whether a graph admits a kUBE, was introduced in 1999 by Heath, Pemmaraju, and Trenk (SIAM J Comput 28(4), 1999). In a companion paper, Heath and Pemmaraju (SIAM J Comput 28(5), 1999) proved that the problem is linear-time solvable for $$k=1$$

k
=
1

and NP-complete for $$k = 6$$

k
=
6

. Closing this gap has been a central question in algorithmic graph theory since then. In this paper, we make a major contribution towards a definitive answer to the above question by showing that kUBE Testing is NP-complete for $$k\ge 3$$

k
≥
3

, even for st-graphs, i.e., acyclic directed graphs with a single source and a single sink. Indeed, our result, together with a recent work of Bekos et al. (Theor Comput Sci 946, 2023) that proves the NP-completeness of 2UBE for planar st-graphs, closes the question about the complexity of the kUBE problem for any k. Motivated by this hardness result, we then focus on the 2UBE Testing for planar st-graphs. On the algorithmic side, we present an $$O(f(\beta )\cdot n+n^3)$$

O
(
f

(
β
)

·
n
+

n
3

)

-time algorithm for 2UBE Testing, where $$\beta $$
β
is the branchwidth of the input graph and f is a singly-exponential function on $$\beta $$
β
. Since the treewidth and the branchwidth of a graph are within a constant factor from each other, this result immediately yields an FPT algorithm for st-graphs of bounded treewidth. Furthermore, we describe an O(n)-time algorithm to test whether a plane st-graph whose faces have a special structure admits a 2UBE that additionally preserves the plane embedding of the input st-graph. On the combinatorial side, we present two notable families of plane st-graphs that always admit an embedding-preserving $$2$$

2

UBE.
Development and application of metallo-phthalocyanines as potent G-quadruplex DNA binders and photosensitizers
Authors: Gil-Martínez Ariadna , Hernández Adrián , Galiana-Roselló Cristina , López-Molina Sònia , Ortiz Javier , Sastre-Santos Ángela , García-España Enrique , González-García Jorge 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetallo-phthalocyanines (MPc) are common photosensitizers with ideal photophysical and photochemical properties. Also, these molecules have shown to interact with non-canonical nucleic acid structures, such as G-quadruplexes, and modulate oncogenic expression in cancer cells. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterisation of two metallo-phthalocyanines containing either zinc (ZnPc) or nickel (NiPc) in the central aromatic core and four alkyl ammonium lateral chains. The interaction of both molecules with G-quadruplex DNA was assessed by UV–Vis, fluorescence and FRET melting experiments. Both molecules bind strongly to G-quadruplexes and stabilise these structures, being NiPc the most notable G-quadruplex stabiliser. In addition, the photosensitizing ability of both metal complexes was explored by the evaluation of the singlet oxygen generation and their photoactivation in cells. Only ZnPc showed a high singlet oxygen generation either by direct observation or by indirect evaluation using a DPBF dye. The cellular evaluation showed mainly cytoplasmic localization of ZnPc and a decrease of the IC50 values of the cell viability of ZnPc upon light activation of two orders of magnitude.
Graphical abstract
Yet another cybersecurity risk assessment framework
Authors: Ekstedt Mathias , Afzal Zeeshan , Mukherjee Preetam , Hacks Simon , Lagerström Robert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIT systems pervade our society more and more, and we become heavily dependent on them. At the same time, these systems are increasingly targeted in cyberattacks, making us vulnerable. Enterprise and cybersecurity responsibles face the problem of defining techniques that raise the level of security. They need to decide which mechanism provides the most efficient defense with limited resources. Basically, the risks need to be assessed to determine the best cost-to-benefit ratio. One way to achieve this is through threat modeling; however, threat modeling is not commonly used in the enterprise IT risk domain. Furthermore, the existing threat modeling methods have shortcomings. This paper introduces a metamodel-based approach named Yet Another Cybersecurity Risk Assessment Framework (Yacraf). Yacraf aims to enable comprehensive risk assessment for organizations with more decision support. The paper includes a risk calculation formalization and also an example showing how an organization can use and benefit from Yacraf.
Pricing in firm-to-firm trade: evidence from a Danish multinational
Authors: Macedoni Luca , Mattana Elena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study pricing decisions in firm-to-firm trade. Using novel detailed transaction-level data from a Danish multinational firm, we uncover considerable price dispersion across countries, customers, and, surprisingly, within the same customer. In fact, we find that transaction-specific characteristics are the most important factors in explaining price variation. The extent of price dispersion within a customer relationship can be affected by the firm’s price setting strategy. Our unique dataset allows us to examine the consequences of introducing price lists containing recommended and minimum prices. We find that prices converge towards the recommended price, and that price dispersion within a customer can decline if the price lists successfully narrow the pricing range for the products that the customer purchases.
An online joint replenishment problem combined with single machine scheduling
Authors: Györgyi Péter , Kis Tamás , Tamási Tímea 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper considers a combination of the joint replenishment problem with single machine scheduling. There is a single resource, which is required by all the unit-time jobs, and a job can be started at time point t on the machine if and only if the machine does not process another job at t, and the resource is replenished between its release date and t. Each replenishment has a cost, which is independent of the amount replenished. The objective is to minimize the total replenishment cost plus the maximum flow time of the jobs. We consider the online variant of the problem, where the jobs are released over time, and once a job is inserted into the schedule, its starting time cannot be changed. We propose a deterministic 2-competitive online algorithm for the general input. Moreover, we show that for a certain class of inputs (so-called p-bounded input), the competitive ratio of the algorithm tends to $$\sqrt{2}$$

2

as the number of jobs tends to infinity. We also derive several lower bounds for the best competitive ratio of any deterministic online algorithm under various assumptions.
Removal of Astrazon Red Dye from Wastewater using Eggshell/Graphene Oxide Embed in (Gum Acacia/Acrylamide) Hydrogel Nanocomposites Synthesized by Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Ahmed Nehad A. , Elshahawy Mai F. , Mohammed Randa D. , Mahmoud Ghada A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research aimed to use a low-cost, environmentally friendly adsorbent to eliminate the cationic dye Astrazon red 6B (AR) from an aqueous system. For this rationale, a nanocomposite hydrogel made of (Gum Acacia/Acrylamide)-calcinated Eggshell/Graphene oxide (GA/AAm)-ES/GO was created using Gamma radiation-induced copolymerization and cross-linking. FT-IR, XRD, EDX mapping, SEM, TGA and TEM were used to investigate the structures and properties. The nanocomposites exhibited superior adsorption behavior towards AR. Because of the dual effect of ES and GO, mixing ES with GO in (GA/AAm)-ES/GO nanocomposite hydrogel improved its adsorption capability. It was obtained that the optimum initial pH was 9 and the equilibrium contact time was 480 min. The removal percentage was enhanced by increasing the initial dye concentration. A little removal effectiveness was observed by increasing the adsorbent weight from 5.0 to 10.0 g for each liter of the dye solution. The Langmuir isotherm was found to be more suitable for analyzing the adsorption isotherm the maximal monolayer dye adsorption capacity (qmax) was 313.3 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics fitted the data well, and the rate constant was predicted to be (0.108 10–3) g mg−1 min−1. ∆H° values are negative at all investigated initial concentrations for (GA/AAm)-ES and (GA/AAm)-ES/GO. The values of ∆S° are negative for (GA/AAm)-ES/GO, while values for (GA/AAm) and (GA/AAm)-ES are positive. ∆G° are negative values for all systems that refer to the spontaneity of the adsorption process. High efficiency was observed for (GA/AAm)-ES/GO up to three rounds of reuse, while a drop in efficiency of the fourth round to 58.78%.
Graphical Abstract
How personalized and effective is immersive virtual reality in education? A systematic literature review for the last decade
Authors: Marougkas Andreas , Troussas Christos , Krouska Akrivi , Sgouropoulou Cleo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring the last decade, there has been a substantial increase of interest in studies related to Virtual Reality (VR) as a learning tool. This paper presents a systematic literature review of personalization strategies utilized in immersive VR for educational objectives in the classroom. For the purposes of this review, 69 studies between 2012 and 2022 were analyzed in terms of their benefits, limitations and development features. The novelty of the study mainly arises from the in-depth analysis and reporting of personalization strategies as well as gamification techniques used in VR applications. The significance of this research lies in the observation that earlier studies’ applications did not sufficiently incorporate adaptive learning content, indicating the necessity for more research in this field and revealing a research gap. In conclusion, as it encourages future research of this field, this study may be a beneficial reference for those interested in researching the implementation of Virtual Reality in education, including academics, students, and professionals.
Die Bedeutung von Stadtnatur für die Gesundheit
Authors: Neugebauer Pauline , Niederberger Marlen 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Für eine gesunde Stadtentwicklung gewinnt Stadtnatur als gesundheitsfördernde Ressource zunehmend an Bedeutung. Die relevanten Wirkkomplexe zwischen Stadtnatur und Gesundheit werden in der Forschung zunehmend empirisch untersucht, aber es fehlt bislang ein Überblick zum Forschungsstand. Im Hinblick auf die Schaffung gesundheitsförderlicher Verhältnisse und der verschiedenen Herausforderungen, denen Städte insbesondere aufgrund von Bevölkerungswachstum und Klimawandel gegenüberstehen, erscheint dies notwendig.

Methodik
Im Rahmen eines Scoping Reviews wurde eine Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Dafür wurde in den Datenbanken „PubMed“ und „LIVIO – Das Portal für Lebenswissenschaften“ nach Publikationen mit Primärerhebungen zum Thema Stadtgesundheit recherchiert. Eingeschlossen wurden Publikationen von 2017 bis 2022.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 20 Studien in die Analyse eingeschlossen. Verschiedene positive Effekte auf die psychische, physische und soziale Gesundheit konnten kategorisiert werden. Stadtnatur kann das Stresslevel der Bewohner*innen reduzieren, soziale Eingebundenheit fördern und körperliche Aktivität unterstützen. Stadtnatur kann zu einem Rückgang an Depressionen und Ängsten führen. Dabei zeigen sich nicht nur positive Wirkungen auf die objektive, sondern auch auf die subjektive Gesundheit der Bewohner*innen. Stadtnatur ist damit eine wichtige salutogenetische Ressource. Allerdings werden die sozialen Aspekte bisher eher selten empirisch analysiert. Zudem beruhen die meisten Studien auf Querschnittsuntersuchungen, sodass eindeutige Wirkungszusammenhänge nicht belegbar sind. Des Weiteren kann den Ergebnissen aufgrund der teilweise sehr hohen Fallzahlen der integrierten Studien eine gewisse Relevanz unterstellt werden.
Tackling fungal diversity in lichen symbioses: molecular and morphological data recognize new lineages in Chaetothyriales (Eurotiomycetes, Ascomycota)
Authors: Cometto Agnese , Leavitt Steven D. , Grube Martin , De Hoog Sybren , Muggia Lucia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLichens have been reappraised as self-sustaining and long-living ecosystems in which a multiplicity of microorganisms are housed, in addition to the main symbiotic partners. Lichen-associated microfungi can frequently occur cryptically, and their species diversity has recently been more fully elucidated by DNA metabarcoding studies and culture isolations. These lichen-associated fungi represent a wide array of major lineages in ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, including both filamentous and yeast species. Thanks to culture isolations, the morphology of a subset of the lichen-associated microfungal diversity has been studied. Metabarcoding analyses have shown high diversity of ascomycetous lichen-associated fungi in the two cosmopolitan rock-inhabiting lichens – Rhizoplaca melanophthalma and Tephromela atra – and many of these taxa were successfully isolated in culture. Based on DNA sequence data and morphological analyses, two new lineages within Chaetothyriales are here recognized. Both occur in lichens from dry habitats and are described here as the new species Cladophialophora endolichena Cometto, de Hoog, Muggia and Paracladophialophora lichenicola Cometto, de Hoog, Muggia. Other strains are placed in Pleostigmataceae, Trichomeriaceae, Pleosporales, Mycosphaerellales, Coniochaetales and Hypocreales, further filling gaps of knowledge of the high fungal diversity residing in lichen thalli.
The long-term effect of intentional weight loss on changes in bone mineral density in persons with type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD randomized trial
Authors: Johnson Karen C. , Anderson Andrea , Beavers Kristen M. , Crandall Carolyn J. , Hazuda Helen P. , Lewis Cora E. , Lipkin Edward , Schwartz Ann V. , Pi-Sunyer F. X. , Zhao Qi ,   and the Look AHEAD Research Group
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Summary

Intentional weight loss has been shown to increase bone loss short term but the long-term effects are not known. Data from the Look AHEAD clinical trial shows that a long term intentional weight loss intervention was associated with greater bone loss at the hip in men.

Purpose
Intentional weight loss has been shown to increase bone loss short term and increase frailty fracture risk, but the long-term effects on bone mineral density (BMD) are not known.

Methods
Data from a subgroup from the Look AHEAD (LA) multicenter, randomized clinical trial was used to evaluate whether a long term intentional weight loss intervention would increase bone loss. In a preplanned substudy, BMD was assessed at 5 of the 16 LA clinical centers using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, year 8, and the observational visit 12.6–16.3 years after randomization (year 12–16).

Results
At year 8, bone density loss (%) was greater in the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) group compared with the control group (DSE) for the femoral neck (p = 0.0122) but this finding was not observed at the year 12–16 visit. In analyses stratified by gender, bone density loss (%) was greater at the total hip for men in the ILI group than the DSE group at both the year 8 and year 12–16 visits (year 8 p = 0.0263 and year 12–16 p = 0.0062). This finding was not observed among women.

Conclusion
Long term intentional weight loss was associated with greater bone loss at the hip in men. These results taken with the previously published Look AHEAD data from the entire clinical trial showing increased frailty fracture risk with weight loss in the ILI group suggest that when intentional weight loss is planned, consideration of bone density preservation and fracture prevention strategies is warranted.

Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00017953. June 21, 2001
Dune slope, not wind speed, best predicts bare sand in vegetated coastal dunes
Authors: Smyth Thomas A.G. , Rooney Paul , Yates Katherine L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobally vegetation cover on coastal sand dunes has increased since at least the 1950s. With the aim of restoring or increasing biodiversity, land managers in several countries have removed vegetation and/or reprofiled dune slopes to reinvigorate geomorphic activity. However, the longevity of these interventions can be relatively short (on the order of 5 to 10 years), and further active management is required. Hypotheses for controls on geomorphic activity on dunes have frequently suggested that wind speedis the most important controlling factor. Here we show dune slope to be the best predictor of bare sand at four predominantly vegetated coastal sand dunes in England and Wales. We suggest that bare sand on steep dune slopes is maintained by three important factors: (1) Wind erosion, due to topographic acceleration (2) Granular avalanches of unconsolidated sediment and (3) Rotational slumping of unstable slopes. Our results indicate that where land managers wish to ‘rejuvenate’ areas of bare sand, efforts should focus on steep windward dune slopes and reprofiling of the dune slope should mimic the concave profiles of active slope faces on active parabolic dunes with an overall slope angle of between 18° and 23° from the dune toe to the crest.
Sexual Health in Space: a 5-year Scoping Review
Authors: Santaguida M. , Dubé S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The combined efforts of national and private space organizations are progressively allowing more people to live and work in space. But to perform long-term spaceflights and become a multiplanetary species, we must address the intimate and sexual needs of humans. Yet, research on space sexology remains limited and fragmented. To move forward, this 5-year scoping review consolidates the current research on sexual health in space.

Recent Findings
Fifty publications were identified, including empirical, theoretical, and review articles, and other scholarly work, such as book chapters and a commentary. Most of the research comes from biology, with contributions from philosophy, ethics, and law, gynecology/obstetrics, aerospace medicine, gender studies, and sexology. Recent findings suggest that radiation exposure, gravitational changes, and hypomagnetic fields may detrimentally impact our reproductive health. In addition, findings suggest that several gynecological risks related to spaceflights must be addressed (e.g., cancer, pregnancy, and contraception), along with many issues related to child-rearing, population diversity, reproductive and sexual rights, and intersectionality and social justice. More research is also needed on sexual responses and behaviors and the technologies that may facilitate safe sex, intimacy, and reproduction beyond Earth.

Summary
Space poses significant risks to our sexual health. However, despite our space missions and objectives, this topic remains relatively understudied. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive scientific program on space sexology, one that holistically addresses the biopsychosocial realities of human eroticism. This is crucial for the well-being of our spacefaring civilization.