bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNautophagic regulation of DNMT3a‐dependent DNA methylation by Linc00942 enhances chemoresistance in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhu Liyuan , Zhu Yiran , Li Fang , Meng Yuan , Wang Hanying , Xu Wenxia , Luo Jingfeng , Wang Xian , Feng Lifeng , Jin Hongchuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnergy balance has long been known to extend lifespans and inhibit carcinogenesis in multiple species by slowing age‐related epigenetic changes while the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Herein, we found that starvation activated autophagy to remodel the DNA methylation profile by inhibiting DNMT3a expression.MethodsIllumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip and dot blot assay were performed to quantify the global DNA methylation level. Protein−RNA interactions were validated through RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull‐down assay. In vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to testify the effect of DNMT3a on chemoresistance.ResultsAutophagy is impaired in chemoresistance which was associated with differential DNA methylation and could be reversed by DNMT3a inhibition. Autophagy activation decreases the expression of DNMT3a mRNA, accompanied with the downregulation of chemoresistance‐related Linc00942. Knockdown of Linc00942 reduces DNMT3a expression and genome‐wide DNA methylation while Linc00942 overexpression increased DNMT3a expression and correlated hypermethylation in cancer cells and primary tumour tissues. Mechanistically, Linc00942 recruits RNA methyltransferase METTL3 to stimulate N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) deposit on DNMT3a transcripts, triggering IGF2BP3/HuR to recognize modified mRNA for reinforced stability. SQSTM1/p62 recruits Linc00942 for autophagic degradation which can be abrogated after autophagy inhibition by p62 knockdown or chloroquine treatment.ConclusionsInhibition of autophagy increases Linc00942 expression to promote chemoresistance and autophagy activation or hypomethylating agent decitabine restores chemosensitivity by reducing global DNA methylation. Overall, this study identifies a novel methylation cascade linking impaired RNautophagy to global hypermethylation in chemoresistance, and provides a rationale for repurposing decitabine to overcome chemoresistance in cancer treatment.
Ureteral Stent‐Related Symptoms and Pharmacotherapy: A Brief Narrative Review
Authors: Bellos Themistoklis Ch. , Katsimperis Stamatios N. , Kapsalos‐Dedes Sotirios G. , Tzelves Lazaros I. , Kostakopoulos Nikolaos A. , Mitsogiannis Iraklis C. , Varkarakis Ioannis M. , Papatsoris Athanasios G. , Deliveliotis Charalampos N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to review the effects of different types of pharmacotherapy on symptoms that affect the quality of a patient's life after stent insertion. A thorough Medline/PubMed nonsystematic review was conducted from 1987 to January 2023, using the terms: “pigtail” OR “ureteral stents” AND “lower urinary tracts symptoms” OR “LUTS” AND “pharmacotherapy” OR “drugs”. Relevant studies conducted in humans and reported in English language were included. The available reviews and articles associating the use of drugs with stent‐related symptoms (SRS) provide conflicting results. Most of them show a clear benefit of alpha blockers, particularly alfuzosin, on treating urinary SRS, and hence there is a strong recommendation for the use of alpha blockers for the treatment of SRS in the guidelines of the European Association of Urology. Anticholinergics and mirabegron have shown a significant benefit in dealing with irritative bladder symptoms. In contrast, the findings for combination therapies are contradictory, with some studies showing that combination therapy is no superior to monotherapy with regards to most of the subsets of the Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ), whereas others present a clear benefit of combination therapies, specifically silodosin and solifenacin, in treating stent‐associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), in comparison with any other type of monotherapy or combination therapy. Many studies suggest that some categories of pharmacotherapy, such as alpha blockers, can alleviate SRS. However, there is conflicting evidence concerning most other types of medical treatment. Randomized trials with the largest number of patients are needed to investigate the effectiveness of novel approaches on SRS.
Epidemiology of Modic changes in dogs: Prevalence, possible risk factors, and association with spinal phenotypes
Authors: Beukers Martijn , Grinwis Guy C. M. , Vernooij Johannes C. M. , van der Hoek Lisanne , Tellegen Anna R. , Meij Björn P. , Veraa Stefanie , Samartzis Dino , Tryfonidou Marianna A. , Bach Frances C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic low back pain, a leading contributor to disease burden worldwide, is often caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Modic changes (MCs) are MRI signal intensity changes due to lesions in vertebral bone marrow adjacent to degenerated IVDs. Only a few studies described the histopathological changes associated with MC to date. MC type 1 is suggested to be associated with bone marrow infiltration of fibrovascular tissue, type 2 with fatty infiltration, and type 3 with bone sclerosis in humans.MethodsThis study investigated whether the dog can be a valuable animal model to research MCs, by examining the prevalence, imaging, and histological characteristics of lumbar MCs in dogs (340 dogs, 2496 spinal segments).ResultsLogistic regression analysis indicated that the presence of lumbosacral MCs was associated with age and disc herniation (annulus fibrosis protrusion and/or nucleus pulposus extrusion). According to MRI analysis, MCs were mostly detected at the lumbosacral junction in dogs. Most signal intensity changes represented MC type 3, while previous spinal surgery seemed to predispose for the development of MC type 1 and 2. Histological analysis (16 dogs, 39 spinal segments) indicated that IVDs with MCs showed more histopathological abnormalities in the endplate and vertebral bone marrow than IVDs without MCs. Mostly chondroid proliferation in the bone marrow was encountered, while the histologic anomalies described in humans associated with MCs, such as fibrovascular or fatty infiltration, were scarcely detected.ConclusionsDogs spontaneously develop MCs, but may exhibit other pathological processes or more chronic bone marrow pathologies than humans with MCs. Therefore, more research is needed to determine the translatability of the MCs encountered in dog low‐back‐pain patients.
Children's Oncology Group's 2023 blueprint for research: Renal tumors
Authors: Geller James I. , Hong Andrew L. , Vallance Kelly L. , Evageliou Nick , Aldrink Jennifer H. , Cost Nicholas G. , Treece Amy L. , Renfro Lindsay A. , Mullen Elizabeth A. ,   the COG Renal Tumor Committee
Published: July 2023

AbstractEvery year, approximately 600 infants, children, and adolescents are diagnosed with renal cancer in the United States. In addition to Wilms tumor (WT), which accounts for about 80% of all pediatric renal cancers, clear cell sarcoma of the kidney, renal cell carcinoma, malignant rhabdoid tumor, as well as more rare cancers (other sarcomas, rare carcinomas, lymphoma) and benign tumors can originate within the kidney. WT itself can be divided into favorable histology (FHWT), with a 5‐year overall survival (OS) exceeding 90%, and anaplastic histology, with 4‐year OS of 73.7%. Outcomes of the other pediatric renal cancers include clear cell sarcoma (5‐year OS: 90%), malignant rhabdoid tumor (5‐year OS: 10% for stages 3 and 4), and renal cell carcinoma (4‐year OS: 84.8%). Recent clinical trials have identified novel biological prognostic markers for FHWT, and a series of Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials have demonstrated improving outcomes with therapy modification, and opportunities for further care refinement.
Spatial and Sexual Divergence of Gut Bacterial Communities in Field Cricket Teleogryllus occipitalis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Authors: Hirata Kazuya , Asahi Toru , Kataoka Kosuke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe insect gut is colonized by microbes that confer a myriad of beneficial services to the host, including nutritional support, immune enhancement, and even influence behavior. Insect gut microbes show dynamic changes due to the gut compartments, sex, and seasonal and geographic influences. Crickets are omnivorous hemimetabolous insects that have sex-specific roles, such as males producing chirping sounds for communication and exhibiting fighting behavior. However, limited information is available on their gut bacterial communities, hampering studies on functional compartmentalization of the gut and sex-specific roles of the gut microbiota in omnivorous insects. Here, we report a metagenomic analysis of the gut bacteriome of the field cricket Teleogryllus occipitalis using 16S rRNA V3-V4 amplicon sequencing to identify sex- and compartment-dependent influences on its diversity and function. The structure of the gut microbiota is strongly influenced by their gut compartments rather than sex. The species richness and diversity analyses revealed large difference in the bacterial communities between the gut compartments while minor differences were observed between the sexes. Analysis of relative abundance and predicted functions revealed that nitrogen- and oxygen-dependent metabolism and amino acid turnover were subjected to functional compartmentalization in the gut. Comparisons between the sexes revealed differences in the gut microbiota, reflecting efficiency in energy use, including glycolytic and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting a possible involvement in egg production in females. This study provides insights into the gut compartment dependent and sex-specific roles of host-gut symbiont interactions in crickets and the industrial production of crickets.
Exposure Risks and Potential Control Measures for a Fire Behavior Lab Training Structure: Part B—Chemical Gas Concentrations
Authors: Horn Gavin P. , Stakes Keith , Neumann Danielle L. , Madrzykowski Daniel , Fent Kenneth W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFirefighters’ or instructors’ exposure to airborne chemicals during live-fire training may depend on fuels being burned, fuel orientation and participants’ location within the structure. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of different control measures on exposure risk to combustion byproducts during fire dynamics training where fuel packages are mounted at or near the ceiling. These measures included substitution of training fuels (low density wood fiberboard, oriented strand board (OSB), pallets, particle board, plywood) and adoption of engineering controls such as changing the location of the instructor and students using the structure. Experiments were conducted for two different training durations: the typical six ventilation cycle (six-cycle) and a shorter three ventilation cycle (three-cycle) with a subset of training fuels. In Part A of this series, we characterized the fire dynamics within the structure, including the ability of each fuel to provide an environment that achieves the training objectives. Here, in Part B, airborne chemical concentrations are reported at the location where fire instructors would typically be operating. We hypothesized that utilizing a training fuel package with solid wood pallets would result in lower concentrations of airborne contaminants at the rear instructor location than wood-based sheet products containing additional resins and/or waxes. In the six-cycle experiments (at the rear instructor location), OSB-fueled fires produced the highest median concentrations of benzene and 1,3 butadiene, plywood-fueled fires produced the highest total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations, particle board-fueled fires produced the highest methyl isocyanate concentrations, and pallet-fueled fires produced the highest hydrogen chloride concentrations. All fuels other than particle board produced similarly high levels of formaldehyde at the rear instructor location. The OSB fuel package created the most consistent fire dynamics over six-cycles, while fiberboard resulted in consistent fire dynamics only for the first three cycles. In the follow-on three-cycle experiment, PAH, benzene, and aldehyde concentrations were similar for the OSB and fiberboard-fueled fires. Air sampling did not identify any clear differences between training fires from burning solid wood pallets and those that incorporate wood-based sheet products for this commonly employed fuel arrangement with fuels mounted high in the compartment. However, it was found that exposure can be reduced by moving firefighters and instructors lower in the compartment and/or by moving the instructor in charge of ventilation from the rear of the structure (where highest concentrations were consistently measured) to an outside position.
Distinct Requirements for Adaptor Proteins NCK1 and NCK2 in Mammary Gland Development
Authors: Golding Adam P. , Ferrier Benjamin , New Laura A. , Lu Peihua , Martin Claire E. , Shata Erka , Jones Robert A. , Moorehead Roger A. , Jones Nina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe adaptor proteins NCK1 and NCK2 are well-established signalling nodes that regulate diverse biological processes including cell proliferation and actin dynamics in many tissue types. Here we have investigated the distribution and function of Nck1 and Nck2 in the developing mouse mammary gland. Using publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data, we uncovered distinct expression profiles between the two paralogs. Nck1 showed widespread expression in luminal, basal, stromal and endothelial cells, while Nck2 was restricted to luminal and basal cells, with prominent enrichment in hormone-sensing luminal subtypes. Next, using mice with global knockout of Nck1 or Nck2, we assessed mammary gland development during and after puberty (5, 8 and 12 weeks of age). Mice lacking Nck1 or Nck2 displayed significant defects in ductal outgrowth and branching at 5 weeks compared to controls, and the defects persisted in Nck2 knockout mice at 8 weeks before normalizing at 12 weeks. These defects were accompanied by an increase in epithelial cell proliferation at 5 weeks and a decrease at 8 weeks in both Nck1 and Nck2 knockout mice. We also profiled expression of several key genes associated with mammary gland development at these timepoints and detected temporal changes in transcript levels of hormone receptors as well as effectors of cell proliferation and migration in Nck1 and Nck2 knockout mice, in line with the distinct phenotypes observed at 5 and 8 weeks. Together these studies reveal a requirement for NCK proteins in mammary gland morphogenesis, and suggest that deregulation of Nck expression could drive breast cancer progression and metastasis.
Radon indoor concentration time-variation model
Authors: Orabi M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe $$\mathrm{time}$$
time
$$\mathrm{variation}$$
variation
of $$\mathrm{radon}$$
radon
$$\mathrm{indoor}$$
indoor
$$\mathrm{concentration}$$
concentration
is studied using a $$\mathrm{semi}$$
semi
$$\mathrm{empirical}$$
empirical
$$\mathrm{model}$$
model
. The $$\mathrm{mass}$$
mass
$$\mathrm{balance}$$
balance
formula for $$\mathrm{radon}$$
radon
$$\mathrm{indoors}$$
indoors
is applied to put a descriptive equation that considers every $$\mathrm{source}$$
source
of the $$\mathrm{radon}$$
radon
. The $$\mathrm{resultant}$$
resultant
equation is solved analytically with imposing a number of approximate forms that are justified by their $$\mathrm{empirical}$$
empirical
background. The $$\mathrm{model}$$
model
’s $$\mathrm{parameters}$$
parameters
are fitted to some $$\mathrm{experimental}$$
experimental
$$\mathrm{radon}$$
radon
$$\mathrm{indoor}$$
indoor
$$\mathrm{concentration}$$
concentration
data to estimate a set of descriptive figures for $$\mathrm{radon}$$
radon
entry to $$\mathrm{indoors}$$
indoors
from the $$\mathrm{wall}$$
wall
s and $$\mathrm{ground}$$
ground
of a $$\mathrm{room}$$
room
. The current study focuses on applying the $$\mathrm{model}$$
model
on a short period of $$\mathrm{time}$$
time
. The $$\mathrm{model}$$
model
is successful and provides a good description for the data, with further prediction of the possibility of having an unrecognized $$\mathrm{source}$$
source
of $$\mathrm{radon}$$
radon
.
Inhibition of CARM1 suppresses proliferation of multiple myeloma cells through activation of p53 signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Lan , Ma Le , Gong Qiang , Chen JiePing , Huang Qilin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferative disease of plasma cells, the incidence of which is increasing every year and remains incurable. The enzyme co-activator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers, such as Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia, and CARM1 is closely associated with tumor cell proliferation. However, the role of CARM1 in MM has not been elucidated.

Methods and results
In this study, we found that CARM1 is overexpressed in MM and closely associated with poor prognosis in MM. CCK-8 and colony formation assays showed that the proliferation of MM cell lines was downregulated when CARM1 expression was knockdown by specific shRNA. Knockdown of CARM1 reduced the proportion of MM cell lines in the S phase and increased the proportion in G0/G1 phase. RNA-seq analysis of the CARM1-KD cell line revealed that it was closely associated with apoptosis and activated the p53 pathway. CCK-8 and apoptosis results showed that CARM1 knockdown made MM cells more sensitive to standard-of-care drugs.

Conclusion
This study provides an experimental basis for elucidating the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and searching for potential therapeutic targets.
The Associations Between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Cognition in People with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sabates Julieta , Chiu Wei-Hsuan , Loi Samantha , Lampit Amit , Gavelin Hanna M. , Chong Terence , Launder Nathalie , Goh Anita M. Y. , Brodtmann Amy , Lautenschlager Nicola , Bahar-Fuchs Alex 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost people with dementia experience neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), including anxiety, depression or disinhibition. There is growing interest in the relationship between NPS and cognitive impairment, but data is still limited. This study aimed to investigate the specific associations between NPS and cognition in people with dementia. MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched for published, peer-reviewed studies of associations between at least one NPS and one cognitive ability in people with dementia. The quality of the studies was assessed with the NIH National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s quality assessment tools. A meta-analysis was conducted using Robumeta package for R. Ninety studies were included. We found significant associations between NPS, global cognition and cognitive domains, e.g. apathy was associated with global cognitive and memory impairment; dysphoria was associated with worse attention; delusions with executive dysfunction. Increased NPS in people with dementia are associated with worse cognitive performance. There were few studies looking at associations between some neuropsychiatric clusters and cognitive abilities, and there was little research on causal relationships. Our review was limited by the inclusion of studies that reported associations in specific formats, and most included people with a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, given the large number of studies, this is unlikely to have biased results. More research is needed that includes diverse people with different dementia syndromes. Registration: PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020165565.
Persistence in UK Historical Data on Life Expectancy
Authors: Caporale Guglielmo Maria , Infante Juan , del Rio Marta , Gil-Alana Luis A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper provides estimates of persistence in historical UK data on life expectancy applying fractional integration methods to both an annual series from 1842 to 2019 and a 5-year average from 1543 to 2019. This method is the most appropriate for our purposes since it is more general and flexible than the classical methods based on integer differentiation. The results indicate that the former exhibits an upward trend and is persistent but mean reverting; the same holds for the latter, though its degree of persistence is higher. Similar results are obtained for the logged values. On the whole, this evidence suggests that the effects of shocks to the series are transitory though persistent, which is useful information for policy makers whose task is to take appropriate measures to increase life expectancy.
Efficient Super‐Resolution of Near‐Surface Climate Modeling Using the Fourier Neural Operator
Authors: Jiang Peishi , Yang Zhao , Wang Jiali , Huang Chenfu , Xue Pengfei , Chakraborty T. C. , Chen Xingyuan , Qian Yun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDownscaling methods are critical in efficiently generating high‐resolution atmospheric data. However, state‐of‐the‐art statistical or dynamical downscaling techniques either suffer from the high computational cost of running a physical model or require high‐resolution data to develop a downscaling tool. Here, we demonstrate a recently proposed zero‐shot super‐resolution method, the Fourier neural operator (FNO), to efficiently perform downscaling without the need for high‐resolution data. Because the FNO learns dynamics in Fourier space, FNO is a resolution‐invariant emulator; it can be trained at a coarse resolution and produces emulation at any high resolution. We applied FNO to downscale a 4‐km resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model simulation of near‐surface heat‐related variables over the Great Lakes region. The FNO is driven by the atmospheric forcings and topographic features used in the WRF model at the same resolution. We incorporated a physics‐constrained loss in FNO by using the Clausius–Clapeyron relation to better constrain the relations among the emulated states. Trained on merely 600 WRF snapshots at 4‐km resolution, the FNO shows comparable performance with a widely‐used convolutional network, U‐Net, achieving averaged modified Kling–Gupta Efficiency of 0.88 and 0.94 on the test data set for temperature and pressure, respectively. We then employed the FNO to produce 1‐km emulations to reproduce the fine climate features. Further, by taking the WRF simulation as ground truth, we show consistent performances at the two resolutions, suggesting the reliability of FNO in producing high‐resolution dynamics. Our study demonstrates the potential of using FNO for zero‐shot super‐resolution in generating first‐order estimation on atmospheric modeling.