bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infection with alternate frequencies of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine boosting for patients undergoing antineoplastic cancer treatments
Authors: Townsend Jeffrey P , Hassler Hayley B , Emu Brinda , Dornburg Alex 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Patients undergoing antineoplastic therapies often exhibit reduced immune response to COVID-19 vaccination, necessitating assessment of alternate booster vaccination frequencies. However, data on reinfection risks to guide clinical decision making are limited. Here, we quantified reinfection risks for patients undergoing distinct antineoplastic therapies, given alternative frequencies of boosting with Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2. Integrating antibody data following vaccination with long-term antibody data from other coronaviruses in an evolutionary framework, we estimated infection probabilities based on antibody levels and calculated cumulative probabilities of breakthrough infection for alternate booster schedules over 2 years. Annual boosting reduced risks for targeted or hormonal treatments, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy-immunotherapy combinations similarly to the general population. Patients receiving no treatment or chemotherapy exhibited higher risks, suggesting that accelerated vaccination schedules should be considered. Patients treated with rituximab therapy presented the highest infection risk, suggesting that a combination of frequent boosting and additional interventions may be warranted for mitigating SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Quality of life after patient-initiated vs physician-initiated response to symptom monitoring: the SYMPRO-Lung trial
Authors: Billingy Nicole E , Tromp Vashti N M F , Aaronson Neil K , Hoek Rianne J A , Bogaard Harm Jan , Onwuteaka-Philipsen Bregje D , van de Poll-Franse Lonneke , Hugtenburg Jacqueline G , Belderbos José , Becker-Commissaris Annemarie , van den Hurk Corina J G , Walraven Iris ,   the SYMPRO-Lung Consortium, van Walree N C , de Jaeger K , Samii S , Lam-Wong W Y , Koppe F , Stigt J A , Herder G J M , Welling A , Schuurbiers-Siebers O C J , Smit J M , Staal-van den Brekel A J , de Jong W K 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Previous studies using patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) to monitor symptoms during and after (lung) cancer treatment used alerts that were sent to the health-care provider, although an approach in which patients receive alerts could be more clinically feasible. The primary aim of this study was to compare the effect of weekly PROM symptom monitoring via a reactive approach (patient receives alert) or active approach (health-care provider receives alert) with care as usual on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) at 15 weeks after start of treatment in lung cancer patients.

Methods
The SYMPRO–Lung trial is a multicenter randomized controlled trial using a stepped wedge design. Stage I-IV lung cancer patients in the reactive and active groups reported PROM symptoms weekly, which were linked to a common alerting algorithm. HRQOL was measured by the EORTC QLQ-C30 at baseline and after 15 weeks. Linear regression analyses and effect size estimates were used to assess mean QOL–C30 change scores between groups, accounting for confounding.

Results
A total of 515 patients were included (160 active group, 89 reactive group, 266 control group). No differences in HRQOL were observed between the reactive and active group (summary score: unstandardized beta [B] = 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -3.22 to 4.24, Cohen d effect size [ES] = 0.06; physical functioning: B = 0.25, 95% CI = -5.15 to 4.64, ES = 0.02). The combined intervention groups had statistically and clinically significantly better mean change scores on the summary score (B = 4.85, 95% CI = 1.96 to 7.73, ES = 0.57) and physical functioning (B = 7.00, 95% CI = 2.90 to 11.09, ES = 0.71) compared with the control group.

Conclusions
Weekly PRO symptom monitoring statistically and clinically significantly improves HRQOL in lung cancer patients. The logistically less intensive, reactive approach may be a better fit for implementation.
Global epidemiologic patterns of oropharyngeal cancer incidence trends
Authors: Zumsteg Zachary S , Luu Michael , Rosenberg Philip S , Elrod Julia K , Bray Freddie , Vaccarella Salvatore , Gay Christopher , Lu Diana J , Chen Michelle M , Chaturvedi Anil K , Goodman Marc T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The emergence of human papillomavirus (HPV)–positive oropharyngeal cancer and evolving tobacco use patterns have changed the landscape of head and neck cancer epidemiology internationally. We investigated updated trends in oropharyngeal cancer incidence worldwide.

Methods
We analyzed cancer incidence data between 1993 and 2012 from 42 countries using the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database volumes V through XI. Trends in oropharyngeal cancer incidence were compared with oral cavity cancers and lung squamous cell carcinomas using log-linear regression and age period–cohort modeling.

Results
In total, 156 567 oropharyngeal cancer, 146 693 oral cavity cancer, and 621 947 lung squamous cell carcinoma patients were included. Oropharyngeal cancer incidence increased (P &lt; .05) in 19 and 23 countries in men and women, respectively. In countries with increasing male oropharyngeal cancer incidence, all but 1 had statistically significant decreases in lung squamous cell carcinoma incidence, and all but 2 had decreasing or nonsignificant net drifts for oral cavity cancer. Increased oropharyngeal cancer incidence was observed both in middle-aged (40-59 years) and older (≥60 years) male cohorts, with strong nonlinear birth cohort effects. In 20 countries where oropharyngeal cancer incidence increased for women and age period–cohort analysis was possible, 13 had negative or nonsignificant lung squamous cell carcinoma net drifts, including 4 countries with higher oropharyngeal cancer net drifts vs both lung squamous cell carcinoma and oral cavity cancer (P &lt; .05 for all comparisons).

Conclusions
Increasing oropharyngeal cancer incidence is seen among an expanding array of countries worldwide. In men, increased oropharyngeal cancer is extending to older age groups, likely driven by human papillomavirus–related birth cohort effects. In women, more diverse patterns were observed, suggesting a complex interplay of risks factors varying by country, including several countries where female oropharyngeal cancer increases may be driven by HPV.
Experimentally determined relative biological effectiveness of cyclotron-based epithermal neutrons designed for clinical BNCT: in vitro study
Authors: Hu Naonori , Suzuki Minoru , Masunaga Shin-ichiro , Kashino Genro , Kinashi Yuko , Chen Yi-Wen , Liu Yong , Uehara Koki , Mitsumoto Toshinori , Tanaka Hiroki , Ono Koji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A neutron beam for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of deep-seated tumours is designed to maintain a high flux of epithermal neutrons, while keeping the thermal and fast neutron component as low as possible. These neutrons (thermal and fast) have a high relative biological effectiveness in comparison with high energy photon beams used for conventional X-ray radiotherapy. In the past, neutrons for the purpose of BNCT were generated using nuclear reactors. However, there are various challenges that arise when installing a reactor in a hospital environment. From 2006, the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, in collaboration with Sumitomo Heavy Industries, began the development of an accelerator-based neutron source for clinical BNCT in a bid to overcome the shortcomings of a nuclear reactor-based neutron source. Following installation and beam performance testing, in vitro studies were performed to assess the biological effect of the neutron beam. Four different cell lines were prepared and irradiated using the accelerator-based neutron source. Following neutron and gamma ray irradiation, the survival curve for each cell line was calculated. The biological end point to determine the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) was set to 10% cell survival, and the D10 for each cell line was determined. The RBE of the accelerator-based neutron beam was evaluated to be 2.62.
Primary non leukemic myeloid sarcoma of the ureteral wall: a case report of a rare disease
Authors: Quaresima Luigi , Polisini Giordano , Fasanella Daniela , Cammarata Vanessa , Galosi Andrea Benedetto , Giannubilo Willy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary tumor mass causing proliferation of mature or immature blast cells of one or more myeloid lineages. Involvement of the genitourinary tract is rare. We present a case of MS of the ureteral wall. A 74-year-old man was evaluated for left hydronephrosis and ipsilateral low back pain. A computed tomography scan showed a nodular formation in the pelvic ureter. Urinary cytology revealed cellular atypia, so ureteroscopy was performed showing a distal ureteral mass. The histological examination of the biopsy revealed to be malignant neoplasm. The patient underwent left laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision. Microscopic histological examination revealed a tumor compatible with MS. A postoperative positron emission tomography revealed residual hypercaptation of the bladder, pelvic muscle and iliac nodes, so the patient started chemotherapy. A multidisciplinary approach was required, taking into account the patient’s age, the already poor renal function and the location of the neoplasm.
A decision support tool for risk–benefit analysis of Japanese encephalitis vaccine in travellers
Authors: Lau Colleen L , Mills Deborah J , Mayfield Helen , Gyawali Narayan , Johnson Brian J , Lu Hongen , Allel Kasim , Britton Philip N , Ling Weiping , Moghaddam Tina , Furuya-Kanamori Luis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
During pre-travel consultations, clinicians and travellers face the challenge of weighing the risks verus benefits of Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccination due to the high cost of the vaccine, low incidence in travellers (~1 in 1 million), but potentially severe consequences (~30% case-fatality rate). Personalised JE risk assessment based on the travellers’ demographics and travel itinerary is challenging using standard risk matrices. We developed an interactive digital tool to estimate risks of JE infection and severe health outcomes under different scenarios to facilitate shared decision-making between clinicians and travellers.

Methods
A Bayesian network (conditional probability) model risk–benefit analysis of JE vaccine in travellers was developed. The model considers travellers’ characteristics (age, sex, co-morbidities), itinerary (destination, departure date, duration, setting of planned activities) and vaccination status to estimate the risks of JE infection, the development of symptomatic disease (meningitis, encephalitis), clinical outcomes (hospital admission, chronic neurological complications, death) and adverse events following immunization.

Results
In low-risk travellers (e.g. to urban areas for &lt;1 month), the risk of developing JE and dying is low (&lt;1 per million) irrespective of the destination; thus, the potential impact of JE vaccination in reducing the risk of clinical outcomes is limited. In high-risk travellers (e.g. to rural areas in high JE incidence destinations for &gt;2 months), the risk of developing symptomatic disease and mortality is estimated at 9.5 and 1.4 per million, respectively. JE vaccination in this group would significantly reduce the risk of symptomatic disease and mortality (by ~80%) to 1.9 and 0.3 per million, respectively.

Conclusion
The JE tool may assist decision-making by travellers and clinicians and could increase JE vaccine uptake. The tool will be updated as additional evidence becomes available. Future work needs to evaluate the usability of the tool. The interactive, scenario-based, personalised JE vaccine risk–benefit tool is freely available on www.VaxiCal.com.
How plant roots respond to waterlogging
Authors: Daniel Kevin , Hartman Sjon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Plant submergence is a major abiotic stress that impairs plant performance. Under water, reduced gas diffusion exposes submerged plant cells to an environment that is enriched in gaseous ethylene and is limited in oxygen (O2) availability (hypoxia). The capacity for plant roots to avoid and/or sustain critical hypoxia damage is essential for plants to survive waterlogging. Plants use spatiotemporal ethylene and O2 dynamics as instrumental flooding signals to modulate potential adaptive root growth and hypoxia stress acclimation responses. However, how non-adapted plant species modulate root growth behaviour during actual waterlogged conditions to overcome flooding stress has hardly been investigated. Here we discuss how changes in the root growth rate, lateral root formation, density, and growth angle of non-flood adapted plant species (mainly Arabidopsis) could contribute to avoiding and enduring critical hypoxic conditions. In addition, we discuss current molecular understanding of how ethylene and hypoxia signalling control these adaptive root growth responses. We propose that future research would benefit from less artificial experimental designs to better understand how plant roots respond to and survive waterlogging. This acquired knowledge would be instrumental to guide targeted breeding of flood-tolerant crops with more resilient root systems.
Kilonovae of binary neutron star mergers leading to short-lived remnant neutron star formation
Authors: Kawaguchi Kyohei , Fujibayashi Sho , Domoto Nanae , Kiuchi Kenta , Shibata Masaru , Wanajo Shinya 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We study kilonova emission from binary neutron star (BNS) mergers for the case that a remnant massive neutron star (MNS) forms and collapses to a black hole within 20 ms after the onset of the merger (which we refer to as ‘a short-lived case’) by consistently employing numerical relativity and nucleosynthesis results. We find that such kilonovae are fainter and last shorter than those for BNSs resulting in the formation of long-lived (${\gg} 1\, {\rm s}$) MNSs, in particular in the optical band. The resulting light curves are too faint and last for a too short duration to explain the kilonova observation for the BNS associated with GW170817, indicating that the merger remnant formed in GW170817 is unlikely to have collapsed to a black hole within a short period of time (∼20 ms) after the onset of the merger. Our present result implies that early observation is necessary to detect kilonovae associated with BNSs leading to short-lived MNS formation in particular for the optical blue band as well as that kilonovae could be hidden by the gamma-ray burst afterglow for nearly face-on observation. We provide a possible approximate scaling law for near-infrared light curves with the given reference time and magnitude when the decline power of the z-band magnitude, dMz/dlog10t, reaches 2.5. This scaling law suggests that the HK-band follow-up observation should be at least 1 mag deeper than that for the z-band reference magnitude and earlier than 4 times the reference time.
Evolution in pulsating variable stars: long term and inter-cycle
Authors: Khan Uzair A 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We used machine learning techniques to predict period changes in variable stars using noisy and sparse time-series data, while inferring underlying physics and generalizing predictions about cycle-to-cycle variations. Our focus was on Mira variables, a well-known class of pulsating stars. Preprocessing data from Mira, R Andromedae, U Orionis, and Chi Cygni, obtained from the American Association of Variable Star Observers, we predicted luminosity magnitude uncertainty and classified pulsation states. Employing various classification and regression algorithms, along with feature engineering, we aimed to generalize predictions. We created a generalized data set with collective averaged data points, limiting our analysis to a common time duration. Linear regression models yielded no successful predictions, but decision tree and KNN regressors accurately predicted luminosity magnitude errors, indicative of variation over time. Feature engineering successfully aided regression and classification of pulsating star states. After hyper-parameter tuning using Bayesian neural networks, we achieved a classification accuracy of 0.8 and 0.94 for the KNN classifier, respectively, in classifying pulsation states of Mira variables. The regression model achieved an R2 score of 0.98. Our work provides a foundation for developing tools to analyze various pulsating star variables, including Cepheids, RR Lyrae, and Delta Scuti variables, as well as other astrophysical data. These techniques demonstrate impressive performance with time series data sets.
Understanding the nature of the optical emission in gamma-ray bursts: analysis from TAROT, COATLI, and RATIR observations
Authors: Becerra R L , Klotz A , Atteia J L , Guetta D , Watson A M , De Colle F , Angulo-Valdez C , Butler N R , Dichiara S , Fraija N , Garcia-Cifuentes K , Kutyrev A S , Lee W H , Pereyra M , Troja E 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We collected the optical light-curve data of 227 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed with the TAROT, COATLI, and RATIR telescopes. These consist of 133 detections and 94 upper limits. We constructed average light curves in the observer and rest frames in both X-rays (from Swift/X-Ray Telescope) and the optical. Our analysis focused on investigating the observational and intrinsic properties of GRBs. Specifically, we examined observational properties, such as the optical brightness function of the GRBs at T = 1000 s after the trigger, as well as the temporal slope of the afterglow. We also estimated the redshift distribution for the GRBs within our sample. Of the 227 GRBs analysed, we found that 116 had a measured redshift. Based on these data, we calculated a local rate of ρ0 = 0.2 Gpc−3 yr−1 for these events with z &lt; 1. To explore the intrinsic properties of GRBs, we examined the average X-ray and optical light curves in the rest frame. We use the afterglowpy library to generate synthetic curves to constrain the parameters typical of the bright GRB jet, such as energy (〈E0〉 ∼ 1053.6 erg), opening angle (〈θcore〉 ∼ 0.2 rad), and density (〈n0〉 ∼ 10−2.1 cm−3). Furthermore, we analyse microphysical parameters, including the fraction of thermal energy in accelerated electrons (〈ϵe〉 ∼ 10−1.37) and in the magnetic field (〈ϵB〉 ∼ 10−2.26), and the power-law index of the population of non-thermal electrons (〈p〉 ∼ 2.2).
TRPV2, a novel player in the human ovary and human granulosa cells
Authors: Eubler Katja , Caban Karolina M , Dissen Gregory A , Berg Ulrike , Berg Dieter , Herrmann Carola , Kreitmair Nicole , Tiefenbacher Astrid , Fröhlich Thomas , Mayerhofer Artur 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The cation channel ‘transient receptor potential vanilloid 2’ (TRPV2) is activated by a broad spectrum of stimuli, including mechanical stretch, endogenous and exogenous chemical compounds, hormones, growth factors, reactive oxygen species, and cannabinoids. TRPV2 is known to be involved in inflammatory and immunological processes, which are also of relevance in the ovary. Yet, neither the presence nor possible roles of TRPV2 in the ovary have been investigated. Data mining indicated expression, for example, in granulosa cells (GCs) of the human ovary in situ, which was retained in cultured GCs derived from patients undergoing medical reproductive procedures. We performed immunohistochemistry of human and rhesus monkey ovarian sections and then cellular studies in cultured GCs, employing the preferential TRPV2 agonist cannabidiol (CBD). Immunohistochemistry showed TRPV2 staining in GCs of large antral follicles and corpus luteum but also in theca, endothelial, and stromal cells. TRPV2 transcript and protein levels increased upon administration of hCG or forskolin. Acutely, application of the agonist CBD elicited transient Ca2+ fluxes, which was followed by the production and secretion of several inflammatory factors, especially COX2, IL6, IL8, and PTX3, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. CBD interfered with progesterone synthesis and altered both the proteome and secretome, as revealed by a proteomic study. While studies are somewhat hampered by the lack of highly specific TRPV2 agonist or antagonists, the results pinpoint TRPV2 as a modulator of inflammation with possible roles in human ovarian (patho-)physiology. Finally, as TRPV2 is activated by cannabinoids, their possible ovarian actions should be further evaluated.
Effect of sarilumab on unacceptable pain and inflammation control in Japanese patients with moderately-to-severely active rheumatoid arthritis: Post hoc analysis of a Phase III study (KAKEHASI)
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Takahashi Toshiya , van Hoogstraten Hubert , Kato Naoto , Kameda Hideto 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of sarilumab on unacceptable pain [UP; visual analogue scale (VAS) &gt;40 mm] and inflammation in patients with moderately-to-severely active rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods
In this post hoc analysis of the KAKEHASI study, 243 patients received methotrexate with sarilumab 150 or 200 mg or placebo every other week, over 52 weeks. The proportion of patients with UP and correlations of changes in pain VAS from baseline with uncontrolled inflammation (C-reactive protein ≥1 mg/dl) and disease activity indices were assessed.

Results
Almost 80% of patients (192/243) had UP at baseline, including ∼60% of patients with uncontrolled inflammation. Among patients receiving sarilumab, inflammation decreased rapidly, with 90% of patients achieving controlled inflammation by Week 2, while 63.1% continued to have UP. The proportion of patients with UP further decreased by Week 16 (28.5%, sarilumab vs. 64.0%, placebo). By Week 52, only ∼10% of patients had UP. Changes in pain VAS correlated with most disease activity indices and patient-reported outcomes. However, marked correlations between changes in pain VAS and C-reactive protein were observed only at Week 16.

Conclusion
Sarilumab treatment reduced UP and inflammation in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
A case of anti-NPX-2 antibody-positive dermatomyositis resulting in massive haemothorax with acquired factor XIII deficiency
Authors: Matsuda Takuya , Haga Taiki , Sakaguchi Takaaki , Kan Toshiaki , Otsuka Yasunori 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Autoimmune diseases, including dermatomyositis, can be complicated by an acquired autoimmune coagulation factor XIII deficiency, which sometimes results in fatal bleeding. Here, we report the case of a young woman with anti-NPX-2 antibody-positive dermatomyositis who developed massive haemothorax with acquired factor XIII deficiency during treatment, including plasma exchange therapy. Emergency transcatheter arterial embolisation was performed and coagulation factor XIII concentrates (Fibrogammin P® 240 U/day for 5 days) were supplemented. Subsequently, the patient was discharged and managed with oral prednisolone and tacrolimus. Coagulation system test results were followed up regularly and remained within normal limits and the patient progressed without recurrence of bleeding symptoms. Coagulation factor XIII deficiency cannot be assessed without measuring coagulation factor XIII activity because common coagulation-fibrinolytic system test results are not abnormal. The measurement of factor XIII activity should be performed when autoimmune diseases are complicated by unexplained bleeding.