bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Problems in Flood-Hit People in Punjab Pakistan: Mediating role of social support
Authors: Abid Mueen , Riaz Maryam , Husain Nusart 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The objective of current study was two-folds. First objective was to identify mental health problems (Anxiety, Depression and Stress) in flood effected people in Punjab, Pakistan. Second objective was to explore predictive effects of social support on mental health problems. Convenient sampling method was used to find the sample of 600 participants (Male = 40%, Female = 60%). Study tool covers four parts. First part included an agreement form, second part was about demographic outline, third part was Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale (DASS-21) while Perceived Social Support Scale was the last part of the research tool. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.0 version (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Descriptive statistics used to abridge the raw data. The inferential statistics such as regression, correlation and t-test were used to determine the outcomes according to study aim. Results specified that 38%, 20% and 43% individuals were experiencing Depression, Anxiety and Stress respectively due to flood distaster. Furthermore, findings of linear regression analysis demonstrated that social support significantly predicts mental health problems [R²=.716; F = 61.223, p < .01] and 71% variation in mental health problems is due to the social support. This study suggested that policy manufacturers must establish and implement some essential platforms, support packeges and mental health interventions to prevent and cure people from overwhelming psychological and mental health costs of flood distruction on priority basis.
MicroRNA-222 carried by plasma-derived exosomes as an earlier biomarker to alert the abnormal phosphorylation of Tau caused by shRNA-PCSK9 and its correlation with Aβ1-42Ab.
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Linna , Jiang Qian , Wang Hong , Yuan Ling , Lv Nan , Hao Di , Cui Xiaoxue , Wang Zi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The clinical adverse reaction monitoring data of Human subtilisin converting enzyme 9 gene (proprotein converting enzyme subtilisin/kexin type 9, PCSK9) inhibitors showed that there were neurocognitive adverse events. In order to early warning of the potential danger of PCSK9 inhibitors to cognitive impairment in the process of regulating lipid homeostasis, this study aimed to explore the microscopic effects of plasma exosomes. MicroRNA-222 (miR-222) as an early warning marker for shRNA-PCSK9-induced cognitive impairment. The hypercholesterolemia mouse model (high-fat diet, HFD-model group) was prepared by feeding with high-fat diet. The HFD-models were then divided into shRNA control group (HFD-shRNA-control group) and shRNA PCSK9 group (HFD-shRNA-PCSK9 group). The shRNA-PCSK9 was constructed, injected intravenously into the body, and the expression of PCSK9 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Tau protein and phosphorylation in brain tissue were observed by IHC. Western blot(WB)was used to detect Tau protein and P-Tau protein. Serum amyloid Aβ1-42Ab levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The kits extract plasma exosomes step by step, identify the exosome morphology by negative staining electron microscopy, and determine the size of exosomes by NTA technology. RT-PCR technique was used to detect the expression level of miR-222 carried in plasma exosomes. The HFD-model model was prepared by feeding a high-fat diet for 13 weeks, and the serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) contents were significantly increased. At the same time, the expression of PCSK9 mRNA in the brain tissue of HFD-model mice was significantly increased. After shRNA-PCSK9 lentivirus interference, PCSK9 mRNA expression was inhibited, and IHC observed that shRNA-PCSK9 induced abnormal expression and hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein in brain tissue, indicating that the pathological changes of neurofibrillary tangles have occurred. However, at this time, serum Aβ1-42Ab has not been significantly increased, and it has not yet been of significance for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment. The microRNA in plasma exosomes was extracted, and RT-PCR results showed that the expression of miR-222 carried in the exosomes of the HFD-shRNA-PCSK9 group was significantly lower than that of the HFD-shRNA-control group. At the same time, MiR-222 levels in plasma-derived exosomes were inversely correlated with Aβ1-42Ab in serum. MiR-222 carried by plasma-derived exosomes provides an early warning marker for shRNA-PCSK9-induced cognitive impairment.
Highly Uniform AuPt Bimetallic Nanoplates and Nanorings with Tunable Optical Properties and Enhanced Photothermal Conversion Performance in NIR-II Window
Authors: Yang Yang , Long Xiang , Zhang Feng-Yuan , Yan Hang-Yu , Li Guo-Wei , Luoshan Meng-Dai , Huang Chu-Yun , Zhou Li 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Highly asymmetric bimetal nanostructures, such as Au-Pt nanorings and Au-Ag nanoplates possess superior plasmonic properties owing to various synergistic effects between different components and diversified morphologies. Herein, we report a controllable growth of asymmetric Pt-Au nanoplates and Au@Pt nanorings with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency. Hexagonal Au nanoplates are used as templates, which is achieved through a transformation reaction from Au nanotriangles. Pt-Au nanoplates is prepared by a site-selective growth of Pt on the rim of obtained hexagonal Au nanoplates. Subsequently, Pt nanorings is obtained by a selective etching of Au, and a regrowth of Au on the Pt nanorings leads to bimetallic Au@Pt nanorings. The evolution of extinction spectra during the whole process is carefully studied. Under irradiation by 1064 nm laser located in the second near-infrared bio-window, the Pt-Au nanoplates exhibit excellent photothermal conversion, better than that of initial Au nanotriangles and hexagonal Au nanoplates with same mass concentration. The improvement of photothermal effect can be ascribed to the strong surface plasmon resonances and coupling between Au and Pt.
Dynamical swinging between the insulating and metallic phases induced by the coherent amplitude mode excitation in 1T-TaS2
Authors: Ren Qianhui , Suzuki Takeshi , Kanai Teruto , Itatani Jiro , Shin Shik , Okazaki Kozo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We investigate the nonequilibrium electronic structure of 1T-TaS2 by time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We observe that strong photo excitation induces the collapse of the Mott gap, leading to the photo-induced metallic phase. It is also found that the oscillation of photoemission intensity occurs as a result of the excitations of coherent phonons corresponding to the amplitude mode of the charge density wave (CDW). To study the dynamical change of the band dispersions modulated by the CDW amplitude mode, we perform analyses by using frequency-domain angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We find that two different peak structures exhibit anti-phase oscillation with respect to each other. They are attributed to the minimum and maximum band positions in energy, where the single band is oscillating between them synchronizing with the CDW amplitude mode. We further find that the flat band constructed as a result of CDW band folding survives with the collapse of the Mott gap. Our results strongly suggest the CDW phase is more robust than the Mott insulating phase, and the lattice modulation corresponding to the CDW amplitude mode dynamically modulates the Mott gap.
Long-Term Care status for the Elderly with Different Levels of Physical Ability: a cross-sectional investigation in first-tier cities of China
Authors: Zhou Mingchao , Zha Fubing , Liu Fang , Zhou Jing , Liu Xiangxiang , Li Jiehui , Yang Qingqing , Zhang Zeyu , Xiong Feng , Hou Dianrui , Weng Hongyun , Wang Yulong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Long term care (LTC) services providing support to functional impaired senior citizens are considered a viable solution to the aging society. However, what are the clinical characteristics, who is eligible and what should be covered remains unclear in China. Therefore, we aim to investigate the elderly population who require LTC and explore the LTC status of the elderly.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in two of four first-tier cities in China. Residents aged 65 and over were recruited from a nursing home and primary hospitals. Participants were divided into three groups (bedridden, domestic and community) then six grades (grade one to six) according to Longshi Scale, and their functional ability was assessed using Modified Barthel Index (MBI). Information such as diseases, complications, daily care needs were collected. Nursing staff were invited to indicate patients’ needs for care.
Results: Participants in the bedridden group accounted for 69.3% of all participants (1157). The most common diagnosis stroke (71.4%), and complication, pulmonary infection (25.2%), suffered by all participants should be focused in LTC. Participants in Longshi Scale grade one to three had higher demand for assistance in daily activities may be the ones eligible for LTC. In the nursing assessment, basic health care, disease care, mobility care, complication prevention care and psychosocial care were summarized as the five main aspects of LTC for the elderly. Feeding, bathing, drinking, bowel management and bladder management were identified as basic care which fulfills participants’ basic physical needs in each Longshi group. Mouth care, artificial airway management, body reposition which can prevent immobility complications were highly demanded by bedridden elderly.
Conclusions: The elderly in grade one to three are the ones in need of LTC most. The content of LTC for elderly should includecare for disease, mobility and psychosocial needs, specially basic care which fulfills their basic physical needs and complicationcare which can prevent immobility complications.
Trial registration: The study design was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-2000034067, Registered 22 Jun 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=54770)
Knowledge, Attitude, and Intended Practice of Abortion among Pharmacology Students in Thailand after the Amendment of the Thai Abortion Law
Authors: Rongkapich Ratthapong , Poolkumlung Rada , Sinthuchai Natchanika , Limsirorat Phobsan , Chiemchaisri Nattaporn , Santibenchakul Somsook , Jaisamrarn Unnop 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The recently amended Thai abortion law allows pregnant women to undergo abortions up to the gestational age of 12 weeks. Medical abortion is significant because it has revolutionized access to safe abortion care—abortion medicine can now be safely and effectively administered outside of a healthcare facility to women in early pregnancy. This contribution supports the pharmacists’ role in interprofessional safe abortion teamwork. Adequate knowledge of the current laws regarding safe abortion services will increase pharmacists’ competence in providing services. However, safe abortions as a subject has not been formally incorporated into the curriculum for Thai pharmacology students. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and intended practice of fifth-year pharmacology students at Chulalongkorn University.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using an electronic self-administered questionnaire adapted from previously published studies to evaluate participants’ knowledge of the recently amended Thai abortion law, attitude toward abortion, and intended practices. The participants were fifth-year pharmacology students at Chulalongkorn University.
Results
Among the 150 participants, 104 (69.3%) completed the questionnaires. Only a third of the students had good knowledge scores. Most participants answered questions incorrectly regarding the gestational age limit for legal abortion. Although most participants disagreed with pro-choice statements, 87.5% agreed that abortion was a woman’s right. Good knowledge scores were statistically associated with a higher intention to provide abortion care. Furthermore, favorable attitudes were statistically associated with a higher intention to provide abortion care. A positive attitude toward abortion affects the intention to perform an abortion under socioeconomic conditions.
Conclusion
Most pharmacology students lacked knowledge on the amended abortion law, especially on the gestational limits of abortion. Students with higher knowledge scores and favorable attitudes toward abortion tended to be more liberal regarding safe abortion services.
A Meditation Based Cognitive Therapy (HMBCT) for Primary Insomnia: A treatment feasibility pilot study
Authors: Behera Chandan Kumar , Reddy Tharun Kumar , Behera Laxmidhar , Birbaumer Niels , Ika Krishna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Previous evidence suggests a critical need for alternative therapies which are cost-effective and can add to the list of well-established treatments for insomnia. This pilot study evaluates a novel therapy for treating insomnia. It comprises a randomized controlled trial with two groups. Prior to Simple randomization, the participants are included/excluded based on research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for insomnia (Edinger et al., 2004) by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). Participants (belonging to Hindu, Muslim and Christian faiths) were assigned to either the therapy group (Hare Krishna Mantra Based Cognitive Therapy: HMBCT) or non-therapy group (control with relaxing music) (other conventional aspects of CBT: Stimulus Control, Sleep Restriction, Sleep Hygiene etc. being common to both the groups) for a 6 weeks treatment procedure (6-sessions were conducted in 6 weeks, each on an average of 45-minute duration in the evening and in addition, the participants who underwent sleep quality behavioral measures, sleep logs and Polysomnography recording were asked to practice therapy in the evening of the day of sleep recording). For a week, before and after the 6 weeks duration, no treatment is provided. HMBCT produced significant improvements in sleep quality measures, like ESS (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) (a reduction of 61% post treatment) and ISI (Insomnia Severity Index) (a reduction of 80% post treatment) scores. The participants abstained from taking any sleep-inducing medication during this study. We conclude that the addition of mantra chanting to CBT may add to the improvement of sleep quality.
3D computational fluid dynamics of Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood flow in coronary arteries with implanted stents
Authors: Ahadi Fatemeh , Azadi Mohammad , Biglari Mojtaba , Bodaghi Mahdi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study introduces and compares computational fluid dynamics of Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood flow in coronary arteries with and without considering stents for the first time. Three blood flow models, including Newtonian, Carreau, and non-Newtonian power-law models, have been simulated to investigate their effect, and the solution algorithm includes drawing the geometry, creating the desired mesh, and then simulating Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood flow different models and comparing them with each other, is presented in the article. A Newtonian fluid model is commonly used in the simulation of blood flow, whereas blood has non-Newtonian properties due to the nature of a solution containing suspended particles. Our goal in this research is to investigate the differences between the models built with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid assumptions. Moreover, a stent has been designed and its effect has been investigated in all blood flow models. Stents are medical devices that can be placed in arteries to open up blood flow in a blocked vessel. In this regard, a lot of computational modeling and simulation has been done as an important tool to predict the performance of stents. The distribution of velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress in all blood flow models with and without considering the effect of stents have been investigated and finally compared. A comparison of Newtonian and non-Newtonian flows showed that in the case of the Carreau non-Newtonian model, the wall shear stress is higher. In addition, in the results of the geometric model with a stent effect compared to the geometric model without a stent effect, it is evident that there is a higher velocity and wall shear stress.
Small Files Access Efficiency in Hadoop Distributed File System a Case Study performed on British Library .rtf files
Authors: Alange Neeta , Sagar P. Vidya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In today’s world storing a large amount of data, large datasets, handling data in various forms is a challenging task. Data is getting produced rapidly with major small sized files. Hadoop is the solution for the big data problem except few limitations. This method is suggested to provide a better one for small file sizes in terms of storage, access effectiveness, and time. In contrast to the current methods, such as HDFS sequence files, HAR, and NHAR, a revolutionary strategy called VFS-HDFS architecture is created with the goal of optimizing small-sized files access problems. The existing HDFS architecture has been wrapped with a virtual file system layer in the proposed development. However, the research is done without changing the HFDS architecture. Using this proposed system, better results are obtained in terms of access efficiency of small sized files in HDFS. A case study is performed on the British Library datasets on .txt and .rtf files. The proposed system can be used to enhance the library if the catalogue is categorized as per their category in a container reducing the storage, improving the access efficiency at the cost of memory.
Prokineticin2 as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease
Authors: Zeng Li , Wang Cai , Song Zhixin , Liu Qian , Chen Dapeng , Yu Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: Kawasaki disease is a pressing acute self-limiting inflammatory disorder disease which lack of specific biomarkers. Our research aims to investigate the serum expression of a novel immune regulator PK2 in children with Kawasaki disease, and to evaluate the ability of PK2 to predict Kawasaki disease.
Methods: A total of 70 children with Kawasaki disease in the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University who were first diagnosed, 20 children with common fever admitted to hospital due to bacterial infection during the same period, and 31 children underwent physical examination were included in this study. Venous blood was collected for complete blood count, CRP, ESR, PCT, and PK2 before clinical intervention. The predictive potential of PK2 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease was judged by correlation analysis, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and combined score.
Results: Compared with healthy children and children with common fever, children diagnosed with Kawasaki disease had significantly lower serum PK2 concentrations (median 28503.7208 ng/ml, 26242.5484 ng/ml, 16890.2452 ng/ml, respectively, Kruskal-Wallis test: p<0.0001). Analysis of the existing indicators in other laboratories showed that WBC (Kruskal-Wallis test: p<0.0001), PLT (Kruskal-Wallis test: p=0.0018), CRP (Mann-Whitney U: p<0.0001), ESR (Mann-Whitney U: p=0.0092), NLR (Kruskal-Wallis test: p<0.0001) and other indicators were significantly increased compared with healthy children and children with common fever, RBC (Kruskal-Wallis test: p<0.0001) and Hg (Kruskal-Wallis test: p<0.0001) were significantly decreased in children with Kawasaki disease conversely. Analysis of the Spearman correlation, it was found that serum PK2 concentration and NLR ratio were significantly negatively correlated in children with Kawasaki disease (rs= -0.2613, p=0.0301). Analysis of the ROC curves, it was found that the area under the PK2 curve was 0.782 (95% confidence interval:0.683 - 0.862; p<0.0001), the ESR was 0.697 (95% confidence interval: 0.582 - 0.796; p=0.0120), and the CRP was 0.601 (95% confidence interval: 0.683 - 0.862; p=0.1805) and NLR 0.735 (95% confidence interval:0.631 - 0.823; p=0.0026). PK2 can significantly predict Kawasaki disease independently of CRP and ESR (p<0.0001). The combined score of PK2 and ESR can significantly improve the diagnostic performance of PK2 (AUC=0.827, 95%CI: 0.724-0.903, p<0.0001). The sensitivity was 87.50%, the sensitivity was 75.81%, the positive likelihood ratio was 6.0648, and the Youden index was 0.6331.
Conclusion: PK2 has the potential to be a biomarker for early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, and the combined use of ESR can further improve its diagnostic performance. Our study identifies PK2 as an important biomarker for Kawasaki disease and provides a potential new diagnostic strategy for Kawasaki disease.
Use of artificial intelligence as a diagnostic support tool for skin lesions in primary care: feasibility study in clinical practice
Authors: Escalé-Besa Anna , Yélamos Oriol , Vidal-Alaball Josep , Fuster-Casanovas Aïna , Catalina Queralt Miró , Börve Alexander , Aguilar Ricardo Ander-Egg , Fustà-Novell Xavier , Cubiró Xavier , R Mireia Esquius , López-Sanchez Cristina , Marin-Gomez Francesc X 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Dermatological conditions are a relevant health problem. Machine learning (ML) models are increasingly being applied to dermatology as a diagnostic decision support tool using image analysis, especially for skin cancer detection and disease classification.
Objective
The objective of this study was to perform a prospective validation of an image analysis ML model, which is capable of screening 44 skin diseases, comparing its diagnostic accuracy with that of General Practitioners (GPs) and teledermatology (TD) dermatologists in a real-life setting.
Methods
Prospective, diagnostic accuracy study including 100 consecutive patients with a skin problem who visited a participating GP in central Catalonia, Spain, between June 2021 and October 2021.
The skin issue was first assessed by the GPs. Then an anonymised skin disease picture was taken and uploaded to the ML application, which returned a list with the Top-5 possible diagnosis in order of probability. The same image was then sent to a dermatologist via TD for diagnosis, as per clinical practice. The GPs Top-3, ML model’s Top-5 and dermatologist’s Top-3 assessments were compared to calculate the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of the ML models.
Results
The overall Top-1 accuracy of the ML model (39%) was lower than that of GPs (64%) and dermatologists (72%). When the analysis was limited to the diagnoses on which the algorithm had been explicitly trained (n=82), the balanced Top-1 accuracy of the ML model increased (48%) and in the Top-3 (75%) was comparable to the GPs Top-3 accuracy (76%). The Top-5 accuracy of the ML model (89%) was comparable to the dermatologist Top-3 accuracy (90%).
For the different diseases, the sensitivity of the model (Top-3 87% and Top-5 84%) is higher than that of the clinicians (Top-3 GPs 76% and Top-3 dermatologists 84%) only in the benign tumour pathology group, being on the other hand the most prevalent category (n=53).
About the satisfaction of professionals, 92% of the GPs considered it as a useful diagnostic support tool (DST) for the differential diagnosis and in 60% of the cases as an aid in the final diagnosis of the skin lesion.
Conclusions
The overall diagnostic accuracy of the model in this study under real conditions is lower than that of both GPs and dermatologists, a fact that is consistent with the few existing prospective studies under real conditions. These results highlight the potential of the ML models to assist GPs as a DST for skin conditions especially in the differential diagnosis. However, external testing in real conditions is essential for data validation and regulating these AI diagnostic models, in order to deploy ML models in a Primary Care setting.