bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endophytic fungi improve management of the burrowing nematode in banana (Musa spp.) through enhanced expression of defence-related genes
Authors: Kisaakye James , Fourie Hendrika , Coyne Danny , Cortada Laura , Khamis Fathiya Mbarak , Subramanian Sevgan , Masinde Shirlyne , Haukeland Solveig 
Published: March 2023

Summary
The root-burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, is reputedly the most damaging nematode pest of banana and responsible for major production losses. In this study, the endophytic potential of 13 fungal isolates was assessed for the management of R. similis in East African Highland bananas (‘Ng’ombe’). All isolates successfully colonised tissue-cultured banana roots, with isolates from Trichoderma, Fusarium and Hypocrea producing the highest (⩾49.1%) and Beauveria isolates the lowest (⩽14.4%) colonisation. The fungal endophytes T. asperellum (ICIPE 700) and H. lixii (ICIPE 697) were the most effective in reducing R. similis densities (>81%) relative to the non-inoculated control. However, the combined inoculation of ICIPE 700 and ICIPE 697 led to greater suppression of R. similis (>21%) relative to individual inoculation. Suppression of R. similis following inoculation of banana roots with ICIPE 700 and/or ICIPE 697 was associated with the significant upregulation of the defence-related gene PR-1, the cell signalling gene calmodulin Ca2+ and the cell-wall-strengthening gene β-1,3-glucan synthase. This study demonstrates the potential for nematode management in bananas with fungal endophytes, especially using the isolates ICIPE 700 and ICIPE 697 when combined.
Acquired Tracheomalacia Requiring Urgent Tracheostomy Exchange in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Medvecz Andrew J. , Collins Nina E. , Beavers Jennifer R. , Carpenter Christian J. , Gondek Stephen P. , Dennis Bradley M. , Smith Michael C. 
Published: March 2023

Tracheostomy for prolonged ventilation of patients with COVID-19 was often delayed due to high viral loads and persistent high ventilatory requirements. With prolonged intubation and significant dose corticosteroid use, patients with COVID-19 are at risk for tracheomalacia, and urgent tube exchange may be required to address persistent cuff leak and to maintain adequate mechanical ventilation. We sought to describe our single center experience with COVID-19 patients requiring tracheostomy and the tracheal complications that followed. We performed a review of patients with COVID-19 who underwent tracheostomy from June 2020 to October 2021. 45 patients were identified; 82.2% survived their index hospitalization. Tracheostomy was performed after 16.4 days of mechanical ventilation. 22.2% required urgent exchange to an extended length tracheostomy tube after 7.2 days from initial tracheostomy. Placement of an extended length tracheostomy tube can reduce cuff leak in ventilated COVID-19 patients and may be considered during initial tracheostomy placement.
A Massive Para-Esophageal Hernia: An Unusual Cause of Tension Physiology Leading to Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Nielsen Dana , Sahr Sheryl 
Published: March 2023

Here, we describe the case of a 28-year-old man with history of super morbid obesity and Type IV para-esophageal hernia, who experienced cardiac arrest following incarceration and strangulation of his hernia sac. He required emergency surgery including an exploratory laparotomy and thoracotomy, with splenectomy, omentectomy, and partial gastrectomy. He was subsequently transferred to our institution due to the anticipated difficulty of restoring intestinal continuity. Continuity was established with a retrocolic Roux-en-Y reconstruction with a 90 cm Roux limb. Despite significant soft-tissue necrosis, he eventually recovered and was able to be transferred back to pursue rehabilitation closer to his home in a rural community.
Difficulties With Methodology in Social Science Research With Controversial Issues Regarding Human Sexuality
Authors: Schumm Walter R. , Crawford Duane W. 
Published: March 2023

Social science is commonly used in debates about controversial issues, especially for those concerning human sexuality. However, caution must be exercised in interpreting such social science literature, because of a variety of methodological and theoretical weaknesses that are not uncommon. Families are complex structurally and over time; such data are not easily analyzed. Merely determining the number of, for example, sexual minority families has been a difficult task. While some new theories are popular with social scientists, for example, sexual minority theory, they are often used to the exclusion of other, equally valid theories and often are not well tested empirically. Some types of families remain relatively unexamined. Social scientists can be biased by their own values, which are reflected in weak use of theory and in a variety of methodological problems. Eight studies are presented as examples of probable confirmation bias, in which methods and theory were modified in unusual ways that may have affected the outcomes and conclusions. Suggestions for improving social science include greater attention to effect sizes rather than statistical significance per se, deliberately minimizing the politicization of science, developing a culture of humility with respect to social science, deliberately reducing common biases, and maintaining a deeper curiosity about social science than is often seen. Scientists must be open to seeing their best “sacred cow” ideas or theories disproven or modified with increases in research on such issues. Summary In controversial areas of social science, there can be numerous threats to the validity of science. Here, some of the more common risks for social science research and theory are examined, with several specific illustrations of how bias appears to have crept into social science, often as confirmation bias. Recommendations are made for reducing bias in future research.
Ultrasound assessment is linked to histological vein wall thickness in chronic venous disease
Authors: Zerrouk Sammi , Casoni Paolo , Cervi Edoardo , Amirat Rafik , Bousquet Guilhem , Leboeuf Christophe , Janin Anne , Pamoukdjian Frédéric 
Published: March 2023

Objectives Few studies compared both ultrasound and histological approaches for the same series of patients with chronic venous disease (CVD). We aimed to assess the diagnostic performances of duplex ultrasound assessment (US) of Vein Wall Thickness (VWT) among patients with CVD. Methods 38 adults with primary varicose veins having undergone Great Saphenous Vein thermal ablation with phlebectomy, and agreeing to biopsy of the Posterior Accessory Great Saphenous Vein (PASV) were consecutively included in a two-center prospective study. VWT assessment of the PASV was performed using both US, and microscope examination. High values for microscope-assessed VWT were defined at > 0.5 mm. Results The mean age was 53.0 ± 13.1 years, 71% were women. Maximization of US performances was obtained with a threshold of 0.6 mm: Sensitivity (Se) = 92.9%, Specificity (Sp) = 91.7%, positive (86.7%) and negative predictive value (NPV) (95.7%), positive (11.1) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) (0.07). Conclusions US assessment of VWT could be a non-invasive tool for diagnosis and follow-up in CVD, and an interesting in vivo parameter complementing diameter and reflux measures, with a view to optimizing treatment. It could help to determine i) the energy level necessary in case of endovenous laser ablation, and ii) the sclerosing agent concentration in case of chemical ablation
3D printing personalized guide plate in the management of recurrent intramuscular venous malformations: A single center experience
Authors: Han Tao , Jiang Shupei , Xiong Jiageng , Cui Jie , Shen Weimin 
Published: March 2023

Objective This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of 3D printing personalized guide plate in the management of recurrent intramuscular venous malformations (IVM). Methods Fifteen patients with recurrent IVM were retrospectively assessed. 3D-slicer software was used to extract and reconstruct the imaging data from CT and/or MRI to highlight the morphology, size, and puncture depth of the lesion. With the guidance of personalized plate, complete excision of the IVM was adopted along the pre-marked (methylene blue, MB) margin. Results Personalized guide plate matched involved extremity well, and MB-puncture approach was consistent with preoperative design. All IVMs were removed radically in one single session. Complete pain relief was obtained in all cases postoperatively. Conclusion The application of 3D printing guide plate can be safe, effective, and reliable to confirming the precise margin of IVM, renders a promising technique with a high practical value in resection of recurrent lesion.
Proportion of falls reported in persons with Parkinson's disease: A meta-analysis
Authors: Van Bladel Anke , Herssens Nolan , Bouche Katie , Cambier Dirk , Maes Leen , Lefeber Nina 
Published: March 2023

Objective Falls can be highly debilitating and have an important negative impact on the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide an up-to-date overview of the prevalence of ≥1 fall and ≥2 falls in idiopathic PD. Data Sources MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase and Cinahl databases were systematically searched until 04 July 2022 for prospective studies reporting fall prevalence in persons with idiopathic PD. Methods Pooled prevalence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using random-effects models. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. Results A total of 54 studies (7546 participants) were included, and random-effects meta-analysis yielded a pooled proportional fall rate of 0.48 (95% CI [0.43–0.52], I2 = 93%, 46 studies, 6874 participants) for classification 1 (≥1 fall) and a pooled proportional fall rate of 0.32 (95% CI [0.27–0.37], I2 = 78%, 31 studies, 5672 participants) for classification 2 (≥2 falls). Subgroup analysis on the classification of falls, and length and method of monitoring falls did not reveal significant differences and did not reduce between-study variability. Conclusion Pooled estimates suggest that one in two persons with PD fall at least once, and one in three fall at least twice within the registered time period. Substantial variability remains after pooling fall prevalence rates according to the length and method of monitoring. Therefore, no recommendations can be made concerning these methodological aspects. Future research on falls in PD is encouraged to implement best practice recommendations to monitor and report fall data.
Amphetamine-Related Emergency Department Visits in Ontario, Canada, 2003-2020
Authors: Crispo James A.G. , Liu Lisa , Bach Paxton , Ansell Dominique R. , Sivapathasundaram Branavan , Nguyen Francis , Kurdyak Paul , Seitz Dallas P. , Conlon Michael , Cragg Jacquelyn J. 
Published: March 2023

Objectives Despite unregulated amphetamine use increasing, there are limited data on related emergency department (ED) visits in Canada. Our primary objective was to examine trends in amphetamine-related ED visits over time in Ontario, including by age and sex. Secondary objectives were to examine whether patient characteristics were associated with ED revisit within 6 months. Methods Using administrative claims and census data, we calculated annual patient- and encounter-based rates of amphetamine-related ED visits from 2003 to 2020 among individuals 18+ years of age. We also performed a retrospective cohort study of individuals with amphetamine-related ED visits between 2019 and 2020 to determine whether select factors were associated with ED revisit within 6 months. Multivariable logistic regression modelling was used to measure associations. Results The population-based rate of amphetamine-related ED visits increased nearly 15-fold between 2003 (1.9/100,000 Ontarians) and 2020 (27.9/100,000 Ontarians). Seventy-five percent of individuals returned to the ED for any reason within 6 months. Psychosis and use of other substances were both independently associated with ED revisit for any reason within 6 months (psychosis: AOR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.30–1.83; other substances: AOR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.57–2.15), whereas having a primary care physician was negatively associated with ED revisit (AOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.60–0.98). Conclusions Increasing rates of amphetamine-related ED visits in Ontario are cause for concern. Diagnoses of psychosis and the use of other substances may serve to identify individuals who are most likely to benefit from both primary and substance-specific care.
The Quality and Readability of Online Patient Information on Positional Head Shape Conditions
Authors: Gutowski Kristof S. , Applebaum Sarah A. , Thomae Benjamin L. , Knight Karlee C. , Chwa Emily S. , Gosain Arun K. 
Published: March 2023

Objective Families increasingly use online resources to acquire medical information about their child's condition with little understanding of the legitimacy of the source of information or of the information itself. We evaluate the quality and readability of online information related to positional head shape conditions and identify unmet needs for healthcare providers to improve online patient education. Design The search terms “flat head baby,” “brachycephaly,” and “plagiocephaly” were queried on the Google search engine and the first 20 websites for each were reviewed. Included websites were evaluated for quality using the DISCERN Instrument and readability using the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES). Websites were categorized by upload source and results were compared using one-way ANOVA. Results 38 websites met inclusion criteria. There was no significant correlation between DISCERN score and Google search rank between the three search terms. Professional organizations provided websites with the highest mean DISCERN score (56.3) and commercial websites with the lowest score (36.6, P = .003), indicating “good” and “poor” quality content, respectively. Readability assessments showed an overall average FKGL of 9.9 and FRES of 54.4, suggesting “fairly difficult”. Hospitals provided the most website results and tended to publish lower quality information, yet are the most readable. Conclusions High quality websites written at an appropriate reading level for the general public are lacking. A review of online resources for positional head shape conditions can be used to derive recommendations to improve the content of online patient education for pediatric healthcare.
Contemporary, non-navigation, cup orientation techniques improve accuracy and eliminate differences seen between the anterior and posterior approach in THA
Authors: Antoniades Stephanie , McGoldrick Niall P , Meermans Geert , Beaulé Paul E , Grammatopoulos George 
Published: March 2023

Background: This study aimed to: (1) Determine the ability to achieve the surgeons’ desired cup orientation, without navigation, using contemporary measures with the anterior- (AA) and posterior- approaches (PA); and (2) assess whether surgical approach is associated with cup orientation accuracy, as previously reported, when contemporary measures are used. Methods: A prospective, 2-centre, multi-surgeon study of 400 THAs (200 AA; 200 PA) was performed. Intraoperative radiographs were obtained with the AA. A digital inclinometer and 3-point pelvic support were used with the PA. With the PA, intraoperative cup inclination at impaction was recorded. Radiographic inclination/anteversion (RI/RA) was measured from intraoperative radiographs (AA-only) and from postoperative radiographs for all cases. Optimum inclination/anteversion was defined as 40°/20° (±10°). The difference between intra- and postoperative orientations allowed for determination of the difference in pelvic position at impaction. Results: Optimum RI and RA were achieved in 91.3% ( n = 365) and 92% ( n = 368) of cases respectively. Optimum cup orientation was detected in 84% of cases ( n = 336). There was equivalent ability to achieve cup orientation between approaches (AA: 82.5% vs. PA: 85.5%; p = 0.41). The use of an inclinometer in the PA was associated with a smaller variability of inclination at implantation (10° vs. 14°) and counteracted the greater difference in pelvic position (4.4° vs. 2.1°) seen with the PA. Conclusions: Over 80% of cases can have optimum orientation without navigation, using simple, cheap contemporary measures. Such measures eliminate differences between approaches, related to patient position. Narrower implantation angles will further reduce variability in cup orientation achieved.
Comparison of laboratory results between central venous access devices and venipuncture: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Kai , Kong Wenqiang , Liao Changju , Liang Yufen , Ding Juan , Zhu Xiaojuan , Yang Kun 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To compare the hematologic, blood chemistry, and coagulation test results between two blood sampling methods via central venous access devices (CVADs) and venipuncture. Method: The authors searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) for controlled studies that compared the differences in hematologic, blood chemistry, and coagulation test results between venipuncture and CVADs from the date of database establishment to July 2022. Two researchers independently performed the literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. The standardized mean difference was used as the effect size for continuous variables and a 95% confidence interval was provided. The random-effects model was used for an I2 > 50%, otherwise the fixed-effects model was used. Sources of heterogeneity were determined by subgroup analysis or sensitivity analysis, as indicated. Results: This review ultimately identified 17 studies for systematic review, of which 12 were selected for meta-analysis. A total of 541 adult participants were included in the meta-analysis. With the exception of the activated partial thromboplastin time, there were no significant differences in hematologic, blood chemistry, and coagulation test results between blood sampling via venipuncture and CVADs. Conclusions: The results of this study provide substantial evidence that blood sampling via venipuncture and CVADs had equal reliability in most laboratory tests. Serial blood sampling via CVADs will reduce the risk of bleeding episodes and pain at the blood collection site, and safety for healthcare professionals.
Outcome of Ultrasound Guided Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block After Video Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Alves Brandão Virna Guedes , Silva Gustavo Nascimento , Alvim Fiorelli Rossano Kepler , Perez Marcelo Vaz 
Published: March 2023

Background Laparoscopy revolutionizing digital and robotic technology for surgical practice. The ability of anesthetic agents and neuronal blockade to modify the response to surgical trauma has been widely studied in the last few years. Objectives evaluate if Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block contributes to attenuate surgical repercussions, having as primary parameters analgesia and secondary the pulmonary function and neuroendocrine response to trauma. Methods prospective, controlled, Double-blind study, in which 51 patients scheduled for eletive laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly selected and distributed into 2 groups. Control group received general anesthesia, and the intervention group was submitted to general anesthesia plus Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block. The parameters evaluated were: postoperative pain, respiratory muscle pressure, and inflammatory response to surgical stress with the plasma dosage of Interleukin 6, C-Reactive protein and cortisol. The following situations were excluded: refusal to participate in the study; body mass index greater than or equal to 40, peripheral neuropathies, coagulopathies or hypersensitivity to drugs used; infection at the puncture site; fever, purities; dementia or other states that would prevent the adequate understanding of the use of the numeric-verbal scale of pain; immunological diseases, diabetes, malignant neoplasia, use of opioids or anti-inflammatory drugs in the preoperative period; antidepressants and anticonvulsants, conversion open surgery, re-exploration and hospital stay. Results Slowed Interleukin 6 cytokine production and decrease in cortisol release, accompanied by significant attenuation of surgical repercussion on lung function and significant reduction in postoperative pain scores and consumption of pain medication. Conclusion An important strategy for analgesia in abdominal laparoscopic surgery.
Efficacy analysis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without anthracyclines in female patients with HER2-positive breast cancer in China: a nationwide, multicenter, 10-year retrospective study (CSBrS-012)
Authors: Chen Heyan , Maimaitiaili Amina , Liu Zhenzhen , Ling Rui , Zhao Yi , Yang Hongjian , Liu Yunjiang , Liu Ke , Zhang Jianguo , Mao Dahua , Yu Zhigang , Liu Yinhua , Fu Peifen , Wang Jiandong , Jiang Hongchuan , Zhao Zuowei , Tian Xingsong , Cao Zhongwei , Wu Kejin , Song Ailin , Jin Feng , He Jianjun , Fan Zhimin , Zhang Huimin 
Published: March 2023

Background: In the era of targeted therapy, whether patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer are exempted from anthracycline usage in the neoadjuvant setting is controversial. Objectives: Our objective was to retrospectively analyze the differences in pathological complete remission (pCR) rates between the anthracycline group and the nonanthracycline group. Design: The CSBrS-012 study (2010–2020) included female primary breast cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) who underwent standard breast and axillary surgery post-NAC. Methods: A logistic proportional hazard model was applied to estimate the association of covariates with pCR. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the differences in baseline characteristics, and subgroup analyses were performed using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test. Results: A total of 2507 patients were enrolled: the anthracycline group ( n = 1581, 63%) and the nonanthracycline group ( n = 926, 37%). A pCR was recorded in 17.1% (271/1581) of patients in the anthracycline group and in 29.3% (271/926) in the nonanthracycline group, and the difference in the pCR rate between the two groups was statistically significant [odds ratio (OR) = 2.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.65–2.43); p < 0.001). In the subsequent subgroup analysis, substantial differences in pCR rates between the anthracycline and nonanthracycline groups were detected in the nontargeted [OR = 1.91, 95% CI (1.13–3.23); p = 0.015] and dual-HER2-targeted populations [OR = 0.55, 95% CI (0.33–0.92); p = 0.021) before PSM, whereas differences vanished after PSM. The pCR rates between the anthracycline and nonanthracycline groups did not differ for the single target population, either before or after PSM. Conclusion: In the presence of trastuzumab and/or pertuzumab, the pCR rate of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer receiving anthracycline was not superior to that of patients receiving nonanthracycline. Thus, our study further provides clinical evidence for exempting anthracycline treatment in HER2-positive breast cancer in the era of targeted therapy.