bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The animal and cell models that uncovered FKBP51 as a regulator of glucocorticoid receptor function
Authors: Scammell Jonathan G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany New World primates are glucocorticoid‐resistant secondary to expression of low affinity glucocorticoid receptors. We identified the role of FKBP51 in hormone responsiveness by showing that multiple cell lines derived from New World primates share the same activities: (1) soluble cell extracts conferred low binding affinity to high affinity glucocorticoid receptors; (2) FK506 increased receptor binding in soluble cell extracts; and (3) cellular FKBP51 was elevated and FKBP52 was lower. Details of these cell lines and their availability are described. Subsequently, we showed that New World primate and human FKBP51 decreased glucocorticoid activity in heterologous COS‐7 cell cultures. Future studies using the FKBP51 antagonist SAFit2 in New World primates are proposed.
Proper phosphorylation of septin 12 regulates septin 4 and soluble adenylyl cyclase expression to induce sperm capacitation
Authors: Wang Han‐Yu , Shen Yi‐Ru , Tsai Yung‐Chieh , Wu Shang‐Rung , Wang Chia‐Yih , Kuo Pao‐Lin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeptin‐based ring complexes maintain the sperm annulus. Defective annular structures are observed in the sperm of Sept12‐ and Sept4‐null mice. In addition, sperm capacitation, a process required for proper fertilization, is inhibited in Sept4‐null mice, implying that the sperm annulus might play a role in controlling sperm capacitation. Hence, we analyzed sperm capacitation of sperm obtained from SEPT12 Ser196 phosphomimetic (S196E), phosphorylation‐deficient (S196A), and SEPT4‐depleted mutant mice. Capacitation was reduced in the sperm of both the Sept12 S196E‐ and Sept12 S196A‐knock‐in mice. The protein levels of septins, namely, SEPT4 and SEPT12, were upregulated, and these proteins were concentrated in the sperm annulus during capacitation. Importantly, the expression of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), a key enzyme that initiates capacitation, was upregulated, and sAC was recruited to the sperm annulus following capacitation stimulation. We further found that SEPT12, SEPT4, and sAC formed a complex and colocalized to the sperm annulus. Additionally, sAC expression was reduced and disappeared in the annulus of the SEPT12 S196E‐ and S196A‐mutant mouse sperm. In the sperm of the SEPT4‐knockout mice, sAC did not localize to the annulus. Thus, our data demonstrate that SEPT12 phosphorylation status and SEPT4 activity jointly regulate sAC protein levels and annular localization to induce sperm capacitation.
Modelling and simulation of Zener diode noise in the time domain
Authors: Brinson Mike 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a new time domain Zener diode compact model for transient noise simulation. SPICE2 and SPIC3 use piece‐wise linear time dependent sources for generating complex waveforms. This approach is not practical when applied to randomly generated noise. Today, through on‐going improvements to freely available circuit simulation tools, SPICE noise generation has moved to a new level. Ngspice, for example, computes white Gaussian noise ‘on‐the‐fly’ as transient simulation progresses. The proposed model has a simple behavioural structure that supports time domain shot, flicker, and thermal noise. The physical properties of the proposed model are introduced in the second section. This is followed by an evaluation of model performance in the third and fourth sections, including static d.c, dynamic charge, and transient noise characterisation. Finally, the fifth section summarises the conclusions of the research.
Raman‐based genetic purity identification of soybean seed production on line
Authors: Zhao Yue , Zhao Xiaoyu , Che Gang , Tong Liang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRaman spectroscopy can identify differences between a variety of seeds, but the difference between the hybrid seed, which is masked by significant signals such as internal components of the seed and external environment disturbance, and its parents is too small, and there is no prominent presentation showing variety differences in the spectral data but only slight changes in the local spectral bands. Therefore, we decomposed soybean spectra based on the empirical mode decomposition method and found that the Hilbert envelope spectrum of the decomposed intrinsic mode components presented local features that the raw spectrum could not detect. In this work, we tested the genetic and physical purity of eight varieties based on the combination method of empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert envelope spectrum transformation. The results demonstrated that the back propagation network identification model based on empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert envelope spectrum transformation had better identification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score (94.74, 95.83, 95.83, and 95.83) and the shortest iteration time (56.6 s) than traditional methods. This identification model realized fast and accurate identification of the genetic purity with its parents, as well as the physical purity, which meets the requirements of online production. Consequently, the Hilbert envelope spectrum transform of intrinsic mode components can not only highlight local features but also significantly compress spectral data at different time scales, which provides a promising tool for detecting minor local differences.
Determining optimal nitrogen management to improve rice yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency based on multi‐index decision analysis method
Authors: Fei Liwei , Guo Junjie , Liu Wenbo , Ma Anlingyang , Wang Min , Ling Ning , Guo Shiwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDReasonable nitrogen (N) supply is critical for increasing rice yield while improving grain quality and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, the trade‐off relationship between yield, quality and NUE of rice under N management has not been well understood enough. In the present study, a 2‐year field experiment was conducted to identify optimal N fertilizer management practices that resulted in high‐yield, high‐quality and high‐NUE by using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) with entropy weight (EW) method.RESULTSAll the parameters of rice yield, quality and efficiency were remarkably affected by fertilization treatments. Compared with farmer's fertilization practice (FFP), optimizing N fertilizer treatment (OPT) and substituting 20% of N fertilizer with pig manure based on OPT treatment (OPTM) increased grain yield (2.87–6.62%) by maintaining higher 1000‐grain weight and filled grains rate. The agronomic NUE (AE) and N partial factor productivity (PFP) under OPT and OPTM treatment were also remarkably increased by 32.81–43.01% and 28.59–33.28% with respect to the value under FFP treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, OPT and OPTM significantly improved the milling quality of rice by increasing brown rice rate (0.71–1.17%) and head rice rate (1.34–2.31%). OPT and OPTM significantly improved appearance quality by decreasing chalkiness and eating quality by reducing amylose content in 2020. The TOPSIS with EW showed that rice comprehensive evaluation could be maintained at a high level under OPT and OPTM.CONCLUSIONOPT and OPTM were nutrient management modes of high‐yield, high‐quality and high‐efficiency, and promising practice to improve rice comprehensive productivity. This strategy is also highly‐consistent with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Automated Creak Differentiates Adductor Laryngeal Dystonia and Muscle Tension Dysphonia
Authors: Marks Katherine L. , Díaz Cádiz Manuel E. , Toles Laura E. , Buckley Daniel P. , Tracy Lauren F. , Noordzji J. Pieter , Grillone Gregory A. , Stepp Cara E. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine whether automated estimates of vocal creak would differentiate speakers with adductor laryngeal dystonia (AdLD) from speakers with muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) and speakers without voice disorders.MethodsSixteen speakers with AdLD, sixteen speakers with MTD, and sixteen speakers without voice disorders were recorded in a quiet environment reading aloud a standard paragraph. An open‐source creak detector was used to calculate the percentage of creak (% creak) in each of the speaker's six recorded sentences.ResultsA Kruskal‐Wallis one‐way analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant effect of group on the % creak with a large effect size. Pairwise Wilcoxon tests revealed a statistically significant difference in % creak between speakers with AdLD and controls as well as between speakers with AdLD and MTD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that % creak differentiated AdLD from both controls and speakers with MTD with high sensitivity and specificity (area under the curve statistics of 0.94 and 0.86, respectively).ConclusionPercentage of creak as calculated by an automated creak detector may be useful as a quantitative indicator of AdLD, demonstrating the potential for use as a screening tool or to aid in a differential diagnosis.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:2687–2694, 2023
Plain language summaries: Enabling increased diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility in scholarly publishing
Authors: Rosenberg Adeline , Walker Joanne , Griffiths Sarah , Jenkins Rachel 
Published: January 2023

Key points
Plain language summaries (PLS) are accessible, short, peer‐reviewed summaries of scholarly journal articles written in non‐technical language.
The aim of PLS is to enable a broader audience of experts and non‐experts to understand the original article.
Here, we outline the evidence base for the value and impact of PLS and how they can enable diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility in scholarly publishing.
PLS can diversify readership and authorship, address information inequity, include typically under‐represented stakeholders and provide an accessible route into scholarly literature.
Family Medicine editors collaborate towards antiracist publishing
Authors: Schrager Sarina , Sexton Sumi , Bowman Marjorie , Richardson Caroline 
Published: January 2023

Key points
Editors of 10 North American Family Medicine journals simultaneously published a Joint Call for Action to address systemic racism and encourage diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility/antiracism (DEIA) initiatives in medicine and medical publishing in January 2021.
The efforts of the journals since publication of the joint editorial are summarized and include working to diversify editorial teams, editorial boards and authors; enhanced content about DEIA topics; mentoring of authors who are underrepresented in medicine (URM); and presenting content related to DEIA in Family Medicine publishing at national meetings.
Editors had a follow up meeting in November 2022 to continue working toward a common goal of reducing racism and increasing DEIA initiatives in Family Medicine publications.
Patient reported outcome measures: The impact of environment on VHI‐10 responses
Authors: Kinberg Eliezer C. , Taree Amir , Gray Mingyang , Filip Peter , Courey Mark 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveA key outcome measure in the clinical evaluation of dysphonia is the Voice Handicap Index (VHI‐10). The clinical validity of the VHI‐10 was established from surveys administered in the physician's office. We aim to understand whether VHI‐10 responses remain reliable when the questionnaire is completed in settings other than the physician's office.MethodsThis is a prospective observational study conducted over a 3‐month period in the outpatient laryngology setting. Thirty‐five adult patients presenting with a complaint of dysphonia, which was symptomatically stable for the preceding 3 months, were identified. Each patient completed a VHI‐10 survey during the initial office visit, followed by three weekly out‐of‐office (termed “ambulatory”) VHI‐10 surveys, over the course of 12 weeks. The specific setting in which the patient completed the survey was recorded (social, home, or work). The Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) is defined as 6 points based on existing literature. T‐tests and a test of one proportion were used for analysis.ResultsA total of 553 responses were collected. Of these, 347 ambulatory scores (63%) differed from the Office score by at least the MCID. Specifically, 94 (27%) were higher than the in‐office score by 6 or more points while 253 (73%) were lower.ConclusionThe setting in which the VHI‐10 is completed affects how the patient answers the questions. The score is dynamic, reflecting effects of the patients' environment during completion. Utilization of VHI‐10 scores to measure clinical treatment response is only valid if each response is obtained in the same setting.Level of Evidence4
Simultaneous bilateral distal venous arterialization between redial artery and cephalic vein in dorsal hand for Raynaud's phenomenon in both hands: A case report
Authors: Yoshida Shuhei , Imai Hirofumi , Roh Solji , Mese Toshiro , Koshima Isao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRaynaud's phenomenon (RP) is characterized by episodic vasospasm in peripheral vessels and ischemia of the fingers. Venous arterialization is thought to induce neovascularization and increased oxygen tension. In this report, we describe a patient with RP in the fingers of both hands in whom venous arterialization achieved an acceptable result in both hands. The patient was a 62‐year‐old woman with a 10‐year history of worsening pain and cold sensation in the tips of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers on both sides. The venous arterialization procedure was performed on both hands simultaneously at the level of the anatomical snuff box between radial artery and cephalic vein in dorsal hand. There was no need for valvectomy in the level of hands. To prevent development of the steal phenomenon in the arterialized veins, the superficial basilic and median veins of the forearm were ligated via 1 cm skin incisions. The pain and cold sensation in the fingertips of both hands remained decreased, and the nonhealing ulcers on the fingertips healed without the need for amputation. The observation period was 14 months, and the surface temperature of the fingers was increased after venous arterialization, as was the temperature of the palm and forearm. There was no problem when administering intravenous infusion into the forearm on either side postoperatively. The case showed venous arterialization was effective for RP without increasing intravenous pressure in the affected limb, and further investigation is necessary.
Upfront Surgery Versus Definitive Radiotherapy: Competing Risk Analyses in Early Stage Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Peng Liang , Zeng Xue‐Lan , Fang Rui‐Hua , Ma Ren‐Qiang , Wen Wei‐Ping , Sun Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the survival outcomes of early‐stage oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients treated with upfront surgery versus definitive radiotherapy (RT).Study DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingPublicly available database.MethodsA total of 1877 patients with T1‐2N0‐1M0 OPC were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Primary endpoints were cancer‐specific and noncancer mortalities, which were estimated using cumulative incidence function and compared by Gray's test. Univariate and multivariate Fine‐Gray subdistribution hazard models were used to estimate the effects of treatment modality on mortality. Subgroup analyses were performed in propensity‐score‐matched cohorts. All the analyses were conducted separately in human papillomavirus (HPV)‐negative and HPV‐positive cohorts.ResultsIn the HPV‐negative cohort, definitive RT was independently associated with increased risk of cancer‐specific mortality (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42‐3.68; p = .001) and noncancer mortality (adjusted SHR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.50‐5.02; p = .001). In the HPV‐positive cohort, definitive RT and upfront surgery could achieve similar cancer‐specific and noncancer survival outcomes.ConclusionUpfront surgery is associated with lower cancer‐specific and noncancer mortality in HPV‐negative early‐stage OPC patients. However, in the setting of HPV‐positive early‐stage OPC with better prognosis, the 2 treatment modalities have similar efficacy in terms of cancer‐specific and noncancer survival outcomes. In the future, carefully designed prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm our findings.
The incidence and characterization of weight gain associated with MEK inhibitors in pediatric patients
Authors: Rush Cassandra , Sabus Ashley , Bradley Zanette Kanani , Herbert Maxwell , Hemenway Molly 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMitogen‐activated protein kinase enzyme (MEK) inhibitors are used in the treatment of pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis, low grade glioma, and astrocytoma, and may demonstrate a unique side effect profile in this population. Inhibition of MEK has been shown to decrease interleukin (IL)‐6 production, a proinflammatory cytokine. The inhibition of IL‐6 and other proinflammatory cytokines is thought to decrease muscle wasting and may contribute to weight gain.However, there is limited information on the association of MEK inhibition and weight gain in children and adolescents. This study aimed to characterize and define the incidence of significant weight gain associated with MEK inhibitors in pediatric patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective chart review conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital. Children 1–18.99 years old were included if they started a MEK inhibitor from July 1, 2013–October 31, 2021, and continued therapy for at least 6 months. Significant weight gain was defined as ≥5% increase in patient's weight‐for‐age percentile.ResultsSixty‐seven patients were included in the analysis. Sixty‐two received trametinib and 5 received selumetinib. An increase in weight‐for‐age percentile ≥5% was seen in 60% of patients receiving selumetinib and 56% on trametinib. The Dunnett's multiple comparisons test revealed a difference in weight‐for‐age percentile from baseline to end of data collection (p = .0173). Patients who were obese at baseline were more likely to lose weight during treatment, while underweight patients increased in weight‐for‐age percentiles.ConclusionsWeight gain may be a notable side effect associated with the use of MEK inhibitors in pediatric patients.
Genetic characteristics and treatment outcome in infants with KMT2A germline B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results of MLL‐Baby protocol
Authors: Popov Alexander , Tsaur Grigory , Permikin Zhan , Henze Guenter , Verzhbitskaya Tatiana , Plekhanova Olga , Nokhrina Ekaterina , Valochnik Alena , Sibiryakov Petr , Zerkalenkova Elena , Olshanskaya Yulia , Gindina Tatiana , Movchan Liudmila , Shorikov Egor , Streneva Olga , Khlebnikova Olga , Makarova Olga , Arakaev Oleg , Boichenko Elmira , Kondratchik Konstantin , Ponomareva Natalia , Lapotentova Elena , Aleinikova Olga , Miakova Natalia , Novichkova Galina , Karachunskiy Alexander , Fechina Larisa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to present the diagnostic and outcome characteristics of infants with germline status of KMT2A gene (KMT2A‐g) B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP‐ALL) treated consistently according to the MLL‐Baby protocol, a moderate‐intensity protocol. Of the 139 patients enrolled in the MLL‐Baby study, 100 (71.9%) carried different types of rearranged KMT2A (KMT2A‐r), while the remaining 39 infants (28.1%) had KMT2A‐g. KMT2A‐g patients were generally older (77% older than 6 months), less likely to have a very high white blood cell count (greater than 100 × 109/L), less likely to be central nervous system (CNS)‐positive, and more likely to be CD10‐positive. The 6‐year event‐free survival and overall survival rates for all 39 patients were 0.74 (standard error [SE] 0.07) and 0.80 (SE 0.07), respectively. Relapse was the most common adverse event (n = 5), with a cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) of 0.13 (SE 0.06), while the incidence of a second malignancy (n = 1) and death in remission (n = 3) was 0.03 (SE 0.04) and 0.08 (SE 0.04), respectively. None of the initial parameters, including genetics and the presence of recently described fusions of NUTM1 and PAX5 genes, was able to distinguish patients with different outcomes. Only rapidity of response, measured as minimal residual disease (MRD) by flow cytometry, showed a statistically significant impact. Moderate‐intensity therapy, as used in the MLL‐Baby protocol in infants with KMT2A‐g BCP‐ALL, yields results comparable to other infant studies. Patients with a slow multicolor flow cytometry (MFC)‐MRD response should be subjected to advanced therapies, such as targeted or immunotherapies.
Perceptions of the stressful job search for pediatric hematology/oncology fellows
Authors: Nishitani Miki , Moerdler Scott , Kesselheim Jennifer 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe pediatric hematology and oncology (PHO) workforce landscape has been evolving over the past decades, with concern for waning interest in the subspecialty. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the initial PHO job search on fellow stress and anxiety, in addition to perceptions of the job search experience and potential areas of improvement. An anonymous survey consisting of demographics, emotional health impacts such as stress and anxiety, and job search experiences was developed and distributed to program leadership at all 74 PHO fellowship programs. At least one representative from 49 (66%) programs responded. Faculty were less likely than fellows to perceive that fellows are struggling to find jobs (p = .0198). However, faculty were more likely than fellows to perceive that fellows are either “extremely stressed” or “stressed” due to job search (p = .0003). By June 2021, 30 of 44 (68%) candidates had been offered a position, and 80% of those had accepted. There were no significant associations between fellow stress level and job offering, proximity to their ideal goals, or change in career type. Common barriers to the job search included geographic constraints and partner employment. Respondents identified centralized job listings, formal training on career development strategies, introduction to various career paths, and more transparency about the search as needed interventions. The perception of difficulty and stress regarding the job search is endorsed by most, identifying a need for more interventions to improve the experience. These data also highlight unmet mentorship and educational needs among PHO fellows in preparing for the job search.
Effect ofSiO2particle size scale on the electrical performance of epoxy‐based nonlinear conductive composite
Authors: Guo Ning , Tang Zifan , Sun Jiaming , Wang Yulong , Li Lili , Gao Junguo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, SiO2particles with three particle sizes of 60 nm, 2 μm, and 25 μm were added as fillers into the composites prepared by epoxy resin and micron silicon carbide to investigate the mechanism of SiO2particle size on the nonlinear electrical conductivity and breakdown characteristics of the composites. Compared with SiC/EP composites, the smaller the added SiO2particle size, the lower the current density at high fields and the higher the breakdown field strength of SiO2/SiC/EP composites. The nonlinear coefficients of SiO2/SiC/EP composites increased slightly with the addition of 1phr 25 μm SiO2and 4phr 2 μm SiO2, and the breakdown field strengths were increased by 55.36% and 66.77%, respectively. The SiO2/SiC/EP composites with the addition of 4phr 60 nm SiO2particles showed the most significant attenuation of the conductivity current and the most prominent enhancement of the breakdown field strength, but the nonlinear coefficient was reduced by 24.6%. With the increase of SiO2doping amount, compared with the composites with the same particle size and low doping amount, the larger the SiO2particle size, the decrease of the current density of the composites under high field intensity is more obvious, and the dielectric constant drops even more.