bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traqueostomía percutánea por dilatación. Artículo de revisión.
Authors: Hidalgo Acosta Javier Aquiles , Aldean Aguirre Gloria Lizeth , Romero Vásquez Jorge Washington , Bustos Armas María Fernanda , JBejarano Macias Jorge Eduardo , Ñauñay Otáñez María Alexandra , Yagual Mazzini Helen Stefanie 
Published: February 2023

Introducción: La traqueostomía percutánea por dilatación (TPD), es un procedimiento de actualidad en la unidad de cuidados críticos (UCI), que se realiza en pacientes intubados y conectados a ventilación mecánica, fue descrita por primera vez en 1985 por Ciaglia et al, como una técnica, que al momento ha evolucionado con la incorporación de la fibrobroncoscopía y la ecografía de la vía aérea durante el procedimiento, así como también por el desarrollo de una gran variedad de dispositivos disponibles para su realización. Es un método mínimamente invasivo, que sirve para establecer una vía aérea artificial, mediante la colocación de un traqueostomo. Objetivo general: Evaluar la utilidad de la traqueostomía percutánea en cuidados críticos. Objetivos específicos. Describir la técnica de la traqueostomía percutánea en cuidados críticos. Determinar las principales indicaciones y contraindicaciones de la traqueostomía percutánea en cuidados críticos. Materiales y métodos : Se realizo revisión de artículos científicos actuales obtenidos de bases de datos de alto prestigio y reconocimiento internacional tales como Pubmed, revistas de cuidados críticos: critical care, JAMA, British journal of anaesthesia, Chest, revisión de datos provenientes de estudios observacionales, ensayos controlados aleatorizados, meta-análisis, revisión sistemática de la literatura, guías, estudios descriptivos, retrospectivos y opiniones de autores sobre el tema: traqueostomía percutánea por dilatación, con selección de 33 artículos, en su gran mayoría de los últimos 5 años. Resultados : La principal indicación de traqueostomía percutánea que se realiza en unidad de cuidados intensivos, es para los pacientes con intubación y ventilación mecánica prolongada, para evitar la formación de: traqueomalacia, estenosis traqueal, infecciones asociadas al tubo, neumonía asociada a ventilador mecánico, entre otros trastornos Conclusiones : Se concluye que la TPD es una técnica no emergente, de mucha utilidad en el paciente crítico en ventilación mecánica, que tiene una intubación prolongada y que requiere la realización de este procedimiento, para evitar complicaciones y que ha demostrado disminuir el tiempo de ventilación mecánica y el tiempo de estancia en el área de cuidados intensivos, brindando beneficio al paciente intubado para ser desconectado del soporte ventilatorio de forma temprana.
An analysis of Clinical, Ultrasonological and Cytopathological findings of thyroid swellings at a teaching hospital in eastern Nepal
Authors: Thakur S.K. , Thakur R. , Nepal N. , Khanal T. , Adhikari A. , Yadav R.K. , Ghimire N. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Thyroid swelling can be benign or malignant. It is evaluated by clinical examination, Ultrasonography (USG) and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC). This study was conducted with the aim of comparing discrepancy of diagnosis by USG, considering FNAC as gold standard.
Methods: A prospective observational study of thyroid swellings with convenient sampling was carried out over a year (20 October 2020 to 19 October 2021) at Outpatient department of Nobel Medical College, Biratnagar, eastern region of Nepal. Clinical, ultrasonological and cytological parameters were recorded. Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.
Results: Out of 120 study population, with a mean age of 45.37 years, there was female preponderance, 110(91.66%). The commonest age group was 30-40 years, 28(23.33%). On Ultrasonography, non neoplastic lesions diagnosed were in 104 (86.7%) cases, as compared to FNAC, 113(94.2%). While, malignancy was diagnosed in 16 (13.7%) cases, by USG, only 7(5.8%) cases were malignant on FNAC. The Sensitivity of USG for malignancy detection was 100%, Specificity was 92 %, Positive predictive value (PPV) was 43.75 % and Negative Predictive value (NPV) was 100% as compared to FNAC. Accuracy was 92.5%.
Conclusions: Ultrasonography has an excellent diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy compared to that of FNAC.
Globalization, Global Political Economy and Technical and Vocational Education and Training: A Nexus
Authors: Acharya Sabitri Devi 
Published: February 2023

The paper explores the understanding of globalization, global political economy, and their relation with Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) by utilizing the critical discourse analysis method as suggested by Fairclough. Several themes, such as globalization, global political economy, political ideology, national and international labor market, TVET policy, and curriculum for skill development are identified and tried to make connections among them. The findings indicate that globalization and global political economy influence the national economic policy and demand for and supply of labor-related policy. Nepal is a major labor-sending country for foreign employment. Supply of labor is directly related to TVET. TVET has been contributing to the preparation of basic- and mid-level human capital. It indicates the production of semi-skilled human resources for the low-paid international labor market. There are many other issues, including occupation risk, exploitation, working condition, and social and cultural relations in the context of the international labor market. Current TVET policy and curriculum are not sufficient to address these problems.
Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Federal Nepal: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Bhandari Usha 
Published: February 2023

The technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Nepal is one of the much discussed agenda for its contribution to socio-economic development of the country. Historically, Nepal’s TVET system is striving for being innovative and compatible with the global trends. With the Nepal’s Constitution 2015, it has received a considerable attention, as the Constitution (in article 51, h, 1) highlights the notion of TVET along with the allocation of TVET responsibilities to all three tiers of government. However, due to differing understanding among the policy makers, including existing several issues and concerns, the development of TVET sector in Nepal has been slow off the mark. Yet, Nepal has many opportunities for reforming the TVET sector in the coming days. There is an urgent need of paradigm shift in action, thoughts and visions in line with the Constitution to harness the benefit of TVET sector - to achieve the goal of socio-economic prosperity of the country.
Efficacité de la relaxation dans la fibromyalgie : un essai clinique bref aléatoirement contrôlé en simple insu portant sur 80 patients
Authors: Rollin N. , Das Neves J. Fonseca , Richard O. , Delafontaine T. , Rusinek S. , Lebel C. , Diouf M. , Serra É. 
Published: February 2023

Contexte : La prise en charge classique de la fibromyalgie est fondée à la fois sur des traitements pharmacologiques et non pharmacologiques. Parmi ces derniers sont compris : la physiothérapie, l’activité physique, la relaxation, les thérapies cognitives et comportementales. L’efficacité de certains de ces traitements manque de preuves. Nous avons donc cherché à évaluer l’efficacité de la relaxation dans la fibromyalgie.
Méthode : En nous fondant sur une précédente recherche, cette présente étude était randomisée et en insu de l’observateur. Le groupe expérimental bénéficiait d’un training autogène (TA) supervisé par un professionnel formé en relaxation. Le groupe témoin recevait la relaxation autonome sans supervision. Il y avait six sessions de relaxation durant 30 minutes chacune, et il était conseillé aux patients de réaliser des exercices de relaxation quotidiennement à domicile. Les critères principaux étaient les changements des scores à l’EVA douleur et à la sous-échelle douleur du QIF entre l’inclusion et la fin de l’étude, les critères secondaires concernaient les scores d’anxiété et de dépression de l’HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale).
Résultats : Quatre-vingts patients atteints de fibromyalgie (71 femmes, 9 hommes) ont été randomisés. Les scores de douleur de l’EVA et du QIF ne différaient pas significativement entre les deux groupes, tout comme les scores d’anxiété et de dépression.
Conclusion : Face au constat que le TA seul n’apportait pas de bénéfices par rapport au témoin (relaxation passive), nous devons nous interroger sur la nécessité d’intégrer de la relaxation à d’autres techniques pour apporter un soulagement aux patients.
HOUSE FLY LARVAE HARVEST YIELD USING THREE DIFFERENT RATIONS OF WHEAT BRAND AND PIG MANURE AS LARVAL DEVELOPMENT MEDIA
Authors: Casanovas Cosío Enrique , Reyes Reyes Reina , Suárez del Villar Labastida Alexis , Álvarez Sánchez Ana , Padilla Morales Raúl 
Published: February 2023

The aim of the research was to compare the yields of house fly larvae using different proportions of wheat bran and swine feces as larval development medium, in a randomized block experimental design with five replications: A-100 % wheat bran; B- 50% wheat bran and 50% swine feces; C- 100% swine feces. Measurements of the temperature of the substrates, as well as the temperature and relative humidity of the place where the flies were developing were made every 24 hours. The larval yield per m2 and kg of substrate, (including the water used to moisten the larval media) were also registered. The wheat bran substrate presented the highest temperature values (36.78 oC), with values above the ambient temperature. The relative humidity varied between 44 and 68%. The amount of water used per square meter was 28.75; 27.72 and 28.87 L for A, B and C treatments, respectively. The highest yield for all substrates was obtained during the first harvest after six days with the highest values for treatment B with 2869.11 g m²-1 and 181.16 g kg-1, respectively. The transformation of the crude protein of the substrates by the fly larvae was between 28.0 and 41.0%, with the highest value for treatment B with 2869,11 g m² -1 and 181,16 g kg2-1 . No presence of pathogenic agents was observed in the harvested larvae.
A QUESTÃO NACIONAL ANTE O ELÃ PÓS-MODERNO: CAPITALISMO DEPENDENTE, SUPEREXPLORAÇÃO DA FORÇA DE TRABALHO E LUTA DE CLASSES NO BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira André Luis Amorim , Santos Thiago Araújo 
Published: February 2023

Resumo: O estudo da questão nacional articula uma dupla perspectiva. Por um lado, envolve o diagnóstico sobre o caráter do desenvolvimento capitalista numa dada formação econômico-social; e, por outro, associa-se ao projeto estratégico de superação do capitalismo (ou acomodação neste) com base no diagnóstico assumido. Neste artigo, retomamos criticamente o tema à luz da Teoria Marxista da Dependência (TMD), posicionando a luta de classes e a superexploração da força de trabalho no Brasil como eixos de análise. O estudo foi realizado por meio de coleta e análise documental de notícias sobre reivindicações salariais e por melhores condições de trabalho no setor da silvicultura em Três Lagoas-MS. A natureza e recorrência das reivindicações, ainda que episódicas e fragmentárias, sugerem que a “velha” contradição de classes segue vigente no capitalismo dependente brasileiro. Palavras-chave: questão nacional; capitalismo dependente; superexploração da força de trabalho; Três Lagoas.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis siswa Kelas VII-1 SMP Negeri 14 Halmahera Selatan pada Materi Aritmetika Sosial
Authors: Riskyanti Dhella , Hamid Hasan , Jalal Ariyanti 
Published: February 2023

Salah satu tujuan dari pembelajaran matematika adalah agar siswa memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Pemecahan masalah memberi manfaat yang sangat besar kepada siswa dalam melihat relevansi antara matematika dengan pelajaran lain serta kehidupan nyata. Tujuan dilaksanakannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VII-1 SMP Negeri 14 Halmahera Selatan dalam menyelesaikan soal aritmatika sosial. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 14 Halmahera Selatan. Â Subjek penelitian yang diambil berjumlah 26 siswa, namun dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi pandemi covid-19, maka penelitian dilaksanakan secara daring (dalam jaringan) dan door to door (dari rumah ke rumah) dengan hanya melibatkan 8 orang siswa, kemudian dipilih 3 siswa sebagai perwakilan subjek penelitian berdasarkan kategori kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis (Tinggi, Sedang dan Rendah) kemudian subjek tersebut diwawancarai sebagai bentuk triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa SMP N 14 Halmahera Selatan dalam menyelesaikan soal dengan materi aritmatika sosial dalam kategori rendah. Kualifikasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dengan kategori tinggi adalah sebanyak 3 siswa (37,5%) tetapi dalam pengerjaan soal masih terdapat beberapa kesalahan antara lain; belum mampu menentukan rencana dengan tepat untuk menyelesaikan masalah dan mengerjakan penyelesaian berdasarkan rencana yang telah dibuat. Selanjutnya, 1 siswa (12,5%) dengan kategori sedang belum mampu menjawab soal yang diberikan dengan tepat. Serta 4 siswa (50%) dengan kategori rendah yang juga belum mampu menjawab soal yang diberikan dengan benar dan tepat.
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF GALECTIN-3 IN COLON CARCINOMA METASTASIS
Authors: YILDIRIM ERDOĞAN Nilsen , ERDEM HUQ Gülben , GECER Melin 
Published: February 2023

Objective: Galectin-3 is an endogenous β-galactoside binding protein which is an S-type lectin family member with intracellular and extracellular localization and has certain tasks for controlling cell adhesion, growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. In this study we aimed to elucidate the role of galectin-3 expression in metastasis biology and its role in predicting tumor metastasis in colon carcinomas.
Materials and Method: In this research, 80 cases with colon adenocarcinoma containing the transition of the normal mucosa-tumor tissue were included. The expression of galectin-3 in these cases was investigated immuno-histochemically.
Results: There was no significant relationship between Galectin-3 expression and age, gender, histological type, and histological grade, but there was a significant increase in the amount of galectin-3 expression while the histological grade increased. Galectin-3 expression of the adjacent normal mucosa and tumor was found to be significantly higher in patients with metastases than patients without metastases. There was also a correlation between the presence of vascular invasion and the increase of galectin-3 expression. The mean galectin-3 expression in metastatic foci was higher than that of the tumor area. These findings suggest that the cells with metastatic phenotype express a higher amount of galectin-3 and also galectin-3 has an indirect role in the pathogenesis of metastasis even if its place could not be determined currently.
Conclusion: In our study, it was concluded that the expression of galectin-3 may play a role in the metastatic process of colon carcinomas.
Alcohol binge drinking induces downregulation of blood-brain barrier proteins in the rat frontal cortex -but not in the hippocampus- that is not prevented by OEA pretreatment
Authors: Rodríguez-González Alicia , Moya Marta , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando , Gómez de Heras Raquel , Orio Laura 
Published: February 2023

Alcohol binge drinking promotes neuroinflammation which could be partially mediated by the passage of ABD-induced peripheral inflammatory molecules to the brain parenchyma through the blood-brain barrier. The BBB is sealed by tight junction proteins, which regulate the access of substances to the brain. Whether ABD alters the BBB or not remains controversial. Here, we measured the expression of BBB proteins in frontal cortex and hippocampus after an ABD procedure that was previously shown to induce neuroinflammation in the FC, and checked neuroinflammation in the hippocampus. Oleoylethanolamide is known to inhibit ABD-induced neuroinflammation in rat FC but the mechanisms of action are not clear: whereas OEA protects against alcohol-induced breakdown of the TJ proteins in the gut barrier reducing peripheral inflammation, its effect in the TJ of the BBB remains unknown. Here, we studied whether OEA (5 mg/kg, before each gavage) prevented alcohol-induced BBB dysfunction by measuring the expression of zona-occludens, occludin, and laminin in FC and hippocampus. ABD animals showed reduced laminin and occludin levels in the FC, indicative of BBB dysfunction, which is concordant with previous findings showing ABD-induced neuroinflammation in this brain region. OEA did not prevent ABD-induced changes in the BBB proteins in the FC, suggesting that the OEA main mechanism of action to inhibit neuroinflammation in this brain region is not related to prevention of TJ proteins alteration in the BBB. In the hippocampus, this ABD protocol did not alter BBB protein levels and no markers of neuroinflammation were found elevated.
Expression profile of miRNAs computationally predicted to target PDL-1 in cervical tissues of different histology groups
Authors: Leventakou Danai , Gouloumi Alina-Roxani , Spathis Aris , Pouliakis Abraham , Koufopoulos Nektarios , Pergialiotis Vassilios , Drakakis Peter , Panayiotides Ioannis G. , Kottaridi Christine 
Published: February 2023

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is considered a successful pathogen as it has the ability to evade host immune responses and establish long-term persistent infection. It has been reported that programmed death ligand 1 (PDL-1) expression is correlated with HPV-positivity and is increased with lesion progression or tumor metastasis in cervical cancer. The expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is often deregulated in cancer, and their potential targets are affected.Methods: RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cervical samples of different histological types, previously typed for the presence of HPV. A specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) protocol with SYBR Green was used to check for the expression of four miRNAs that were computationally predicted to target PDL-1.Results and conclusion: hsa-miR-20a-5p and hsa-miR-106b-5p showed an expression increase with the severity of the lesions, while hsa-miR-125b-5p depicted a significant decrease in its expression in cancerous samples when compared to normal samples.
Automatic measurement of exophthalmos based orbital CT images using deep learning
Authors: Zhang Yinghuai , Rao Jing , Wu Xingyang , Zhou Yongjin , Liu Guiqin , Zhang Hua 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Objective, accurate, and efficient measurement of exophthalmos is imperative for diagnosing orbital diseases that cause abnormal degrees of exophthalmos (such as thyroid-related eye diseases) and for quantifying treatment effects.Methods: To address the limitations of existing clinical methods for measuring exophthalmos, such as poor reproducibility, low reliability, and subjectivity, we propose a method that uses deep learning and image processing techniques to measure the exophthalmos. The proposed method calculates two vertical distances; the distance from the apex of the anterior surface of the cornea to the highest protrusion point of the outer edge of the orbit in axial CT images and the distance from the apex of the anterior surface of the cornea to the highest protrusion point of the upper and lower outer edges of the orbit in sagittal CT images.Results: Based on the dataset used, the results of the present method are in good agreement with those measured manually by clinicians, achieving a concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) of 0.9895 and an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.9698 on axial CT images while achieving a CCC of 0.9902 and an ICC of 0.9773 on sagittal CT images.Discussion: In summary, our method can provide a fully automated measurement of the exophthalmos based on orbital CT images. The proposed method is reproducible, shows high accuracy and objectivity, aids in the diagnosis of relevant orbital diseases, and can quantify treatment effects.
Artificial intelligence guidance of advanced heart failure therapies: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Al-Ani Mohammad A. , Bai Chen , Hashky Amal , Parker Alex M. , Vilaro Juan R. , Aranda Jr. Juan M. , Shickel Benjamin , Rashidi Parisa , Bihorac Azra , Ahmed Mustafa M. , Mardini Mamoun T. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionArtificial intelligence can recognize complex patterns in large datasets. It is a promising technology to advance heart failure practice, as many decisions rely on expert opinions in the absence of high-quality data-driven evidence.MethodsWe searched Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed databases for articles containing “artificial intelligence,” “machine learning,” or “deep learning” and any of the phrases “heart transplantation,” “ventricular assist device,” or “cardiogenic shock” from inception until August 2022. We only included original research addressing post heart transplantation (HTx) or mechanical circulatory support (MCS) clinical care. Review and data extraction were performed in accordance with PRISMA-Scr guidelines.ResultsOf 584 unique publications detected, 31 met the inclusion criteria. The majority focused on outcome prediction post HTx (n = 13) and post durable MCS (n = 7), as well as post HTx and MCS management (n = 7, n = 3, respectively). One study addressed temporary mechanical circulatory support. Most studies advocated for rapid integration of AI into clinical practice, acknowledging potential improvements in management guidance and reliability of outcomes prediction. There was a notable paucity of external data validation and integration of multiple data modalities.ConclusionOur review showed mounting innovation in AI application in management of MCS and HTx, with the largest evidence showing improved mortality outcome prediction.
Hormone replacement treatment regimen is associated with a higher risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in women undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer
Authors: Fan Lijuan , Li Na , Liu Xitong , Li Xiaofang , Cai He , Pan Dan , Wang Ting , Shi Wenhao , Qu Pengfei , Shi Juanzi 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionIn frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles, hormone replacement treatment (HRT) was associated with a higher risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) compared with natural cycles (NC). Multiple pregnancy was a risk factor for HDP and several studies did not conduct subgroup analysis of singleton pregnancy and multiple pregnancy.ObjectiveTo investigate whether HRT regimen could be a risk factor for HDP in women undergoing FET cycles in singleton and twin pregnancies.MethodsA retrospective cohort study at a tertiary hospital, including a total of 9120 women who underwent FET and achieved ongoing pregnancy; 7590 patients underwent HRT-FET and 1530 NC-FET. The main outcome was HDP. HDP were analyzed for singleton and twin pregnancies, respectively.ResultsIn the singleton pregnancy, the risk of HDP in the HRT-FET group was significantly higher than that in the NC-FET group (6.21% vs. 4.09%; P=0.003). After adjusting for female age oocyte pick up, female age at FET and body mass index (BMI), HRT was found as a risk factor for HDP (adjusted odds ration [aOR]: 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07 to 1.91; P=0.017). In the multiple pregnancy, the risk of HDP in the HRT-FET and NC-FET groups was similar.ConclusionHRT was associated with a higher risk of HDP in women who underwent FET and achieved singleton pregnancy.