bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interaction between kynurenine pathway, suicidal ideation and augmentation therapy with minocycline in patients with treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Nettis Maria Antonietta , Lombardo Giulia , Hastings Caitlin , Zajkowska Zuzanna , Mariani Nicole , Nikkheslat Naghmeh , Sforzini Luca , Worrell Courtney , Begum Amina , Brown Mollie , Cleare Anthony J , Young Allan H , Pariante Carmine M , Mondelli Valeria 
Published: May 2023

Background and aims: We investigated kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites levels and their association with suicidal ideation in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and elevated peripheral inflammation. The effect of antidepressant augmentation with minocycline on KP metabolites was tested. Methods: We analysed data from MINocycline in DEPression, a 4-week, randomized, placebo controlled (1:1) trial of minocycline added to antidepressant treatment in 39 TRD patients ( n = 18 minocycline; n = 21 placebo) with C-reactive protein (CRP) ⩾1 mg/L. At baseline and at week 4, we collected data on suicidality (Beck Depression Inventory) and blood samples to measure inflammatory markers and KP metabolites. We tested (1) the association of KP metabolites ratios with inflammatory markers and suicidal ideation at baseline and (2) the role of suicidality and treatment (minocycline vs placebo) in affecting KP changes over time. Results: At baseline, kynurenine/tryptophan (KYN/TRP) ratio positively correlated with high-sensitivity CRP (Spearman’s ρ = 0.35, p = 0.02) and IL-10, (ρ = 0.41, p = 0.009); and tumour necrosis factor was positively correlated with quinolinic acid/3-hydroxykynurenine ratio (ρ = 0.55, p < 0.001). Moreover, participants with suicidal ideation showed higher levels of KYN/TRP ( U = 143.000, p = 0.02) than those without suicidal ideation. There was no significant effect of minocycline on KP metabolites changes from baseline to week 4. However, in the minocycline group, the number of participants with suicidal thoughts decreased from 44.4% (8/18) to 22.2% (4/18). Conclusion: Increased KP neurotoxic metabolites are associated with elevated peripheral inflammation in depressed individuals, particularly in those with suicidal ideation. Targeting KP in this population could be a potential effective personalized approach. Whether this includes minocycline should be investigated in future larger trials.
Exploring perceived occupational performance among individuals with Vertigo in Jordan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ismael Noor T , Nazzal Safa’a K , Jaber Ala’a F , Yabroudi Mohammad A 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To explore the self-perceived occupational performance in daily life activities in individuals with vertigo in Jordan. Existing evidence is limited on how vertigo affects performing daily life activities like self-care. Materials and methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional design, and convenient sampling. Thirty individuals with vertigo ( M = 47.6 years, SD = 15.93) agreed to participate in this study, filled-out the study demographic and condition-related questionnaire, and completed the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure via a semi-structured interview with study research personnel. Data analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, analysis of frequencies, and Analysis of Variance. Results and conclusions: Individuals with vertigo reported low to average self-perceived occupational performance ( M = 4.13, SD = 1.64) and satisfaction ( M = 3.46, SD = 1.98). The most challenging area of occupation was self-care (66% of the reported challenging activities), followed by productivity (18%) and leisure (16%). Personal care activities were the most challenging from the self-care area (31%), household management activities from the productivity area (13%), and active recreation activities from the leisure area (7%). In conclusion, individuals with vertigo experience low to average occupational performance and satisfaction in daily life activities. Targeted interventions for individuals with vertigo should increase occupational performance in daily life activities, especially self-care.
CD64 as a diagnostic marker for bacterial infection in acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Shalaby Amira M , Ismail Asmaa M , Farook Yasser , Abdel-Aziz Safwat M , Thabet Marwa M , Mokhtar Abeer A , Fadle Azza A , Nigm Dalia A 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the association between neutrophils and monocytes CD 64 molecules and cases of bronchiolitis with an associated bacterial infection. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from patients younger than 2 years old diagnosed with bronchiolitis. Complete blood count (CBC), blood culture, procalcitonin, and CD64 surface expression in neutrophils and monocytes were examined using flow cytometry. We also assessed CBC, procalcitonin, and CD64 levels in neutrophils and monocytes in 31 healthy control subjects. Results: Sixty-two patients with lower respiratory tract infections were included in the first group. The patients were divided into 34 with non-bacterial infections and 28 with possible bacterial infections. We found a significant increase in the number of positive cells in the Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) of both nCD64 and mCD64 in the Possible Bacterial Infection (PBI) group. Procalcitonin levels correlated with nCD64 and nCD64%, but not with mCD64. The AUC of nCD64 was 0.873 (at a cut-off point of 4489.4; the MFI had a specificity of 73% and a sensitivity of 94%). Conclusion: Neutrophil CD64 may be a marker for bacterial infection in children with bronchiolitis.
Nanobiotechnology in crop stress management: an overview of novel applications
Authors: Nawaz Ahmad , Rehman Hafeez ur , Usman Muhammad , Wakeel Abdul , Shahid Muhammad Shafiq , Alam Sardar , Sanaullah Muhammad , Atiq Muhammad , Farooq Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAgricultural crops are subject to a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses that adversely affect growth and reduce the yield of crop plantss. Traditional crop stress management approaches are not capable of fulfilling the food demand of the human population which is projected to reach 10 billion by 2050. Nanobiotechnology is the application of nanotechnology in biological fields and has emerged as a sustainable approach to enhancing agricultural productivity by alleviating various plant stresses. This article reviews innovations in nanobiotechnology and its role in promoting plant growth and enhancing plant resistance/tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses and the underlying mechanisms. Nanoparticles, synthesized through various approaches (physical, chemical and biological), induce plant resistance against these stresses by strengthening the physical barriers, improving plant photosynthesis and activating plant defense mechanisms. The nanoparticles can also upregulate the expression of stress-related genes by increasing anti-stress compounds and activating the expression of defense-related genes. The unique physico-chemical characteristics of nanoparticles enhance biochemical activity and effectiveness to cause diverse impacts on plants. Molecular mechanisms of nanobiotechnology-induced tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses have also been highlighted. Further research is needed on efficient synthesis methods, optimization of nanoparticle dosages, application techniques and integration with other technologies, and a better understanding of their fate in agricultural systems.
Cheilitis in an atopic dermatitis patient associated with co-infection of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Wang Shucui , Nurxat Nadira , Wei Muyun , Wu Yao , Wang Qichen , Li Ming , Liu Qian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition distinguished by an activated Th2 immune response. The local skin microbial dysbiosis is a contributing factor to the development of AD. The pathogenic coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus is the primary species responsible for the progression of AD. Even though Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an animal-origin pathogen, it is increasingly becoming a source of concern in human diseases. As another coagulase-positive Staphylococci, it is crucial to pay more attention to S. pseudintermedius isolated from the lesion site.

Results
In our investigation, we presented a case of cheilitis in a patient with atopic dermatitis (AD). We utilized culture and next-generation genomic sequencing (NGS) to identify the bacteria present on the skin swabs taken from the lip sites both prior to and following treatment. Our findings indicated that the predominant bacteria colonizing the lesion site of AD were S. pseudintermedius and S. aureus, both of which were eradicated after treatment. The Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of S. pseudintermedius and S. aureus demonstrated coordinated antibiotic susceptibility, with ST2384 and ST22 being the respective types. Although the skin abscess area resulting from S. pseudintermedius infection was significantly smaller than that caused by S. aureus in mice, the expression of cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) were significantly higher in the S. pseudintermedius-infected mice.

Conclusions
The S. pseudintermedius strain isolated from the lesion site of the AD patient exhibited a higher expression of IL-4 and IL-5 when colonized on mouse skin, as compared to S. aureus. This observation confirms that S. pseudintermedius can effectively induce the Th2 response in vivo. Our findings suggest that animal-origin S. pseudintermedius may play a role in the development of AD when colonized on the skin, emphasizing the importance of taking preventive measures when in contact with animals.
Reply to the letter “Understanding lactate and its clearance during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for supporting refractory cardiogenic shock patients”
Authors: Scolari Fernando Luís , Schneider Daniel , Fogazzi Débora Vacaro , Gus Miguel , Rover Marciane Maria , Bonatto Marcely Gimenes , de Araújo Gustavo Neves , Zimerman André , Sganzerla Daniel , Goldraich Lívia Adams , Teixeira Cassiano , Friedman Gilberto , Polanczyk Carisi Anne , Rohde Luis Eduardo , Rosa Regis Goulart , Wainstein Rodrigo Vugman 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis is a reply to the letter titled “Understanding lactate and its clearance during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for supporting refractory cardiogenic shock patients” by Eva Rully Kurniawati et al. In response to the concerns raised about our paper published in BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, titled “Association between serum lactate levels and mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock receiving mechanical circulatory support: a multicenter retrospective cohort study,“ we have addressed the confounding bias on the population included and the use of VA-ECMO and Impella CP. Furthermore, we have provided new data on the correlation of oxygen supply and lactate levels at admission of cardiogenic shock.
TRIPLE C reporting principles for case study evaluations of the role of context in complex interventions
Authors: Shaw Sara E. , Paparini Sara , Murdoch Jamie , Green Judith , Greenhalgh Trisha , Hanckel Benjamin , James Hannah M. , Petticrew Mark , Wood Gary W. , Papoutsi Chrysanthi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Guidance and reporting principles such as CONSORT (for randomised trials) and PRISMA (for systematic reviews) have greatly improved the reporting, discoverability, transparency and consistency of published research. We sought to develop similar guidance for case study evaluations undertaken to explore the influence of context on the processes and outcomes of complex interventions.

Methods
A range of experts were recruited to an online Delphi panel, sampling for maximum diversity in disciplines (e.g. public health, health services research, organisational studies), settings (e.g. country), and sectors (e.g. academic, policy, third sector). To inform panel deliberations, we prepared background materials based on: [a] a systematic meta-narrative review of empirical and methodological literatures on case study, context and complex interventions; [b] the collective experience of a network of health systems and public health researchers; and [c] the established RAMESES II standards (which cover one kind of case study). We developed a list of topics and issues based on these sources and encouraged panel members to provide free text comments. Their feedback informed development of a set of items in the form of questions for potential inclusion in the reporting principles. We circulated these by email, asking panel members to rank each potential item twice (for relevance and validity) on a 7-point Likert scale. This sequence was repeated twice.

Results
We recruited 51 panel members from 50 organisations across 12 countries, who brought experience of a range of case study research methods and applications. 26 completed all three Delphi rounds, reaching over 80% consensus on 16 items covering title, abstract, definitions of terms, philosophical assumptions, research question(s), rationale, how context and complexity relates to the intervention, ethical approval, empirical methods, findings, use of theory, generalisability and transferability, researcher perspective and influence, conclusions and recommendations, and funding and conflicts of interest.

Conclusion
The ‘Triple C’ (Case study, Context, Complex interventions) reporting principles recognise that case studies are undertaken in different ways for different purposes and based on different philosophical assumptions. They are designed to be enabling rather than prescriptive, and to make case study evaluation reporting on context and complex health interventions more comprehensive, accessible and useable.
Trends in intentional and unintentional poisonings among older adults - A national register-based study in Sweden
Authors: Möller J. , Lindholm E. , Fredlund P. , Vaez M. , Liang Y. , Laflamme L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Among older people intentional poisoning outnumber unintentional ones. While there are indications that time trends differ by poisoning intent, studies are scarce. We assessed how the annual prevalence of intentional and unintentional poisoning changed over time, overall and by demographic groups.

Methods
We conducted a national open cohort study of individuals aged 50–100 years, resident in Sweden during 2005–2016. Individuals were followed up in population-based registers for their demographic and health attributes from 2006–2016. Annual prevalence of hospitalization and death by poisoning intent (unintentional vs. intentional or undetermined; ICD-10 definitions) were compiled for the categories of four demographic attributes (age, sex, marital status, and birth cohort “baby boomers”). The time trends were assessed by multinomial logistic regression with year as an independent variable.

Results
The annual overall prevalence of hospitalization and death by intentional poisonings consistently exceeded that of unintentional poisonings. There was a significant downward trend in intentional poisonings but not in unintentional ones. This difference in trends also applied when considering men and women separately, married and unmarried people, the young-old individuals (but not the older- or oldest-old ones), and the baby boomers and non-baby boomers. The largest demographic differences within intent were found between married and unmarried people, and the smallest one between men and women.

Conclusion
As expected, the annual prevalence of intentional poisonings considerably exceed that of unintentional ones among Swedish older people. The recent trends reveal a significant reduction of intentional poisonings, consistent across a range of demographic attributes. The scope for action regarding this preventable cause of mortality and morbidity remains considerable.
Effect of pharmacogenomics testing guiding on clinical outcomes in major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCT
Authors: Wang Xinrui , Wang Chenfei , Zhang Yi , An Zhuoling 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Pharmacogenomic testing guided treatment have been developed to guide drug selection or conversion in major depressive disorder patients. Whether patients benefit from pharmacogenetic testing remains unclear. We aim to evaluates the effect of pharmacogenomic testing guiding on clinical outcomes of major depressive disorder.

Methods
Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library of Clinical Trials were searched from inception until August 2022. Key terms included pharmacogenomic and antidepressive. Odds ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated using fixed-effects model for low or moderate heterogeneity or random-effects model for high heterogeneity.

Results
Eleven studies (5347 patients) were included. Compared with usual group, pharmacogenomic testing guided group was associated with an increased response rate at week 8 (OR 1.32, 95%CI 1.15–1.53, 8 studies, 4328 participants) and week 12 (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.15–1.62, 4 studies, 2814 participants). Similarly, guided group was associated with an increased rate of remission at week 8 (OR 1.58, 95%CI 1.31–1.92, 8 studies, 3971 participants) and week 12 (OR 2.23, 95%CI 1.23–4.04, 5 studies, 2664 participants). However, no significant differences were found between the two groups in response rate at week 4 (OR 1.12, 95%CI 0.89–1.41, 2 studies, 2261 participants) and week 24 (OR 1.16, 95%CI 0.96–1.41, 2 studies, 2252 participants), and remission rate at week 4 (OR 1.26, 95%CI 0.93–1.72, 2 studies, 2261 participants) and week 24 (OR 1.06, 95%CI 0.83–1.34, 2 studies, 2252 participants). Medication congruence in 30 days was significantly reduced in the pharmacogenomic guided group compared with the usual care group (OR 2.07, 95%CI 1.69–2.54, 3 studies, 2862 participants). We found significant differences between subgroups of target population in response and remission rate.

Conclusion
Patients with major depressive disorder may benefit from pharmacogenomic testing guided treatment by achieving target response and remission rates more quickly.
Using the COM-B model and Behaviour Change Wheel to develop a theory and evidence-based intervention for women with gestational diabetes (IINDIAGO)
Authors: Murphy Katherine , Berk Jamie , Muhwava-Mbabala Lorrein , Booley Sharmilah , Harbron Janetta , Ware Lisa , Norris Shane , Zarowsky Christina , Lambert Estelle V. , Levitt Naomi S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn South Africa, the prevalence of gestational diabetes (GDM) is growing, concomitant with the dramatically increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity among women. There is an urgent need to develop tailored interventions to support women with GDM to mitigate pregnancy risks and to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes post-partum. The IINDIAGO study aims to develop and evaluate an intervention for disadvantaged GDM women attending three large, public-sector hospitals for antenatal care in Cape Town and Soweto, SA. This paper offers a detailed description of the development of a theory-based behaviour change intervention, prior to its preliminary testing for feasibility and efficacy in the health system.MethodsThe Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and the COM-B model of behaviour change were used to guide the development of the IINDIAGO intervention. This framework provides a systematic, step-by-step process, starting with a behavioural analysis of the problem and making a diagnosis of what needs to change, and then linking this to intervention functions and behaviour change techniques to bring about the desired result. Findings from primary formative research with women with GDM and healthcare providers were a key source of information for this process.ResultsKey objectives of our planned intervention were 1) to address women’s evident need for information and psychosocial support by positioning peer counsellors and a diabetes nurse in the GDM antenatal clinic, and 2) to offer accessible and convenient post-partum screening and counselling for sustained behaviour change among women with GDM by integrating follow-up into the routine immunisation programme at the Well Baby clinic. The peer counsellors and the diabetes nurse were trained in patient-centred, motivational counselling methods.ConclusionsThis paper offers a rich description and analysis of designing a complex intervention tailored to the challenging contexts of urban South Africa. The BCW was a valuable tool to use in designing our intervention and tailoring its content and format to our target population and local setting. It provided a robust and transparent theoretical foundation on which to develop our intervention, assisted us in making the hypothesised pathways for behaviour change explicit and enabled us to describe the intervention in standardised, precisely defined terms. Using such tools can contribute to improving rigour in the design of behavioural change interventions.Trial registrationFirst registered on 20/04/2018, Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR): PACTR201805003336174.
Effects of a randomized controlled hiking intervention on daily activities, sleep, and stress among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Anzman-Frasca Stephanie , Drozdowsky Julia , Zayatz Callista , Holmbeck Katherine 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Physical activity promotes health, and physical activity done outdoors in nature may be particularly beneficial. We conducted two randomized studies to examine the implementation of a winter hiking intervention and whether this intervention affected activity choices and aspects of well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Convenience samples of adults (n = 53; n = 51) were recruited into two different randomized studies in 2021 and 2022 respectively. Participants completed online surveys at baseline and 6 and 11–12 weeks later. Participants were randomized to a study group (intervention or control) shortly after the baseline assessments. In both studies, the intervention group received free access to a regional winter hiking challenge. In the second study, we also provided winter traction cleats to this group to facilitate engagement in the hiking challenge. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize intervention implementation, including participants’ engagement in challenge hikes. Repeated measures ANOVA models were used to test intervention effects on key outcome variables, including hiking frequency via the Pleasant Activities List, stress via the Perceived Stress Scale, and sleep duration via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Results
In the first study, the intervention group’s engagement in challenge hikes was low (38.5%); reported barriers included access to winter hiking equipment. In the second study, when winter traction cleats were provided, engagement in the intervention was higher, and the intervention increased hiking frequency and improved sleep. There were no significant intervention effects on stress, but the direction of effects was in the expected direction.

Conclusions
Results highlight some potential positive impacts of this intervention designed to facilitate access to winter hiking. Future research could examine whether effects are stronger in a larger sample, in which additional barriers to engagement are addressed.

Trial registration
This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov on 28/12/2020 prior to participant enrollment (NCT04685681), https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04685681.