bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate and human health: a review of publication trends in the International Journal of Biometeorology
Authors: Motlogeloa Ogone , Fitchett Jennifer M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe climate-health nexus is well documented in the field of biometeorology. Since its inception, Biometeorology has in many ways become the umbrella under which much of this collaborative research has been conducted. Whilst a range of review papers have considered the development of biometeorological research and its coverage in this journal, and a few have reviewed the literature on specific diseases, none have focused on the sub-field of climate and health as a whole. Since its first issue in 1957, the International Journal of Biometeorology has published a total of 2183 papers that broadly consider human health and its relationship with climate. In this review, we identify a total of 180 (8.3%, n = 2183) of these papers that specifically focus on the intersection between meteorological variables and specific, named diagnosable diseases, and explore the publication trends thereof. The number of publications on climate and health in the journal increases considerably since 2011. The largest number of publications on the topic was in 2017 (18) followed by 2021 (17). Of the 180 studies conducted, respiratory diseases accounted for 37.2% of the publications, cardiovascular disease 17%, and cerebrovascular disease 11.1%. The literature on climate and health in the journal is dominated by studies from the global North, with a particular focus on Asia and Europe. Only 2.2% and 8.3% of these studies explore empirical evidence from the African continent and South America respectively. These findings highlight the importance of continued research on climate and human health, especially in low- and lower-middle-income countries, the populations of which are more vulnerable to climate-sensitive illnesses.
Wie werden langwirksame Wachstumshormonpräparate in Österreich von Ärzt*innen und Patienteneltern wahrgenommen?
Authors: Belic Jelena , Zekoll Theresa , Riedl Stefan , Windisch Manfred 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungRekombinantes humanes Wachstumshormon muss aufgrund seiner kurzen Halbwertszeit täglich injiziert werden. Dieses Behandlungsregime kann für Patient*innen und ihre Familien eine ganz erhebliche Belastung darstellen. Langwirksame Wachstumshormone (LAGH) sind eine neuartige Behandlungsoption, die durch eine 1‑mal wöchentliche Verabreichung eine reduzierte Injektionsfrequenz ermöglicht. Um erste Erkenntnisse über die Erwartungen an diese neuen LAGH-Formulierungen zu gewinnen, wurden zwei Umfragen bei Ärzt*innen sowie Eltern von Kindern, die täglich mit Wachstumshormon behandelt werden, in Österreich durchgeführt. Zwanzig Pädiater*innen/pädiatrische Endokrinolog*innen und 41 Eltern wurden befragt. Beide Umfragen zeigten, dass die LAGH-Formulierungen als positive Therapiealternative gesehen werden und dadurch eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität erwartet wird.
Anhaltend spannend – das zu kurze Zungenband, Teil 3
Authors: Guóth-Gumberger Márta , Karall Daniela 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Zunge hat eine zentrale Aufgabe bei vielerlei Aufgaben. Stillen, angemessene Ernährung und altersgemäßer Gewichtsverlauf sind einige davon – und wichtige Anliegen in der Pädiatrie. Auch bei Problemen mit Essen, Aussprache, Schlucken oder Zahnstellung kann eine eingeschränkte Zungenbeweglichkeit durch ein zu kurzes Zungenband eine Rolle spielen, da dadurch die erforderlichen Lernprozesse für die Bewegung der Zunge behindert werden. Das Wissen um die möglichen Folgen eines zu kurzen Zungenbandes hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten vermehrt an Kenntnis gewonnen. Die ausgeprägte Variante des zu kurzen Zungenbandes, das Frenulum linguae breve anterior (oder: „zu kurzes Zungenband mit Ansatz an der Zungenspitze“), ist sichtbar und wird meist behandelt; seltener die posteriore Variante, das „zu kurze Zungenband mit Ansatz hinter der Zungenspitze“, bei der die Zungenspitze frei ist und keine Einkerbung zeigt.Die Auseinandersetzung mit der Anatomie der Strukturen in der Mundhöhle, mit den unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten der Beurteilung der Funktion der Zunge und der unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten der Frenotomie als Behandlung eines zu kurzen Zungenbandes sollen die Beurteilung unterstützen, wann und bei wem eine Behandlung sinnvoll ist und wann nicht, und welche begleitenden Maßnahmen empfohlen werden sollten.Wenn ein zu kurzes Zungenband unerkannt bleibt, wirken die zur Lösung der Symptome ergriffenen Maßnahmen oft nicht wie erwünscht. Daher ist es essenziell zu erkennen, wann eine Behandlung des zu kurzen Zungenbandes sinnvoll ist, wann nicht, und wie sie mit anderen Maßnahmen verbunden werden kann, damit das Ergebnis – nämlich eine verbesserte Beweglichkeit der Zunge für die erforderlichen Funktionen – erreicht wird.In dieser dreiteiligen Serie zum Thema zu kurzes Zungenband wird ein vertiefter Überblick über das Thema geschaffen, insbesondere über den Zusammenhang mit Stillen, Ernährung, Gewichtsverlauf, Sprache und Zahnstellung.
Fractionated whole body γ-irradiation aggravates arthritic severity via boosting NLRP3 and RANKL expression in adjuvant-induced arthritis model: the mitigative potential of ebselen
Authors: Thabet Noura M. , Abdel-Rafei Mohamed K. , Amin Mohamed M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease associated with oxidative stress that causes excruciating pain, discomfort, and joint destruction. Ebselen (EB), a synthesized versatile organo-selenium compound, protects cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced injury by mimicking glutathione peroxidase (GPx) action. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of EB in an arthritic irradiated model. This goal was achieved by subjecting adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats to fractionated whole body γ-irradiation (2 Gy/fraction once per week for 3 consecutive weeks, for a total dose of 6 Gy) and treating them with EB (20 mg/kg/day, p.o) or methotrexate (MTX; 0.05 mg/kg; twice/week, i.p) as a reference anti-RA drug. The arthritic clinical signs, oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers, inflammatory response, expression of NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP-3) inflammasome, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), apoptotic indicators (caspase 1 and caspase 3), cartilage integrity marker (collagen-II), and histopathological examination of ankle joints were assessed. EB notably improved the severity of arthritic clinical signs, alleviated joint histopathological lesions, modulated oxidative stress and inflammation in serum and synovium, as well as reduced NLRP-3, RANKL, and caspase3 expression while boosting collagen-II expression in the ankle joints of arthritic and arthritic irradiated rats with comparable potency to MTX. Our findings suggest that EB, through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has anti-arthritic and radioprotective properties in an arthritic irradiated model.
Automated Medical Diagnosis of Alzheimer´s Disease Using an Efficient Net Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Agarwal Deevyankar , Berbís Manuel Álvaro , Luna Antonio , Lipari Vivian , Ballester Julien Brito , de la Torre-Díez Isabel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) poses an enormous challenge to modern healthcare. Since 2017, researchers have been using deep learning (DL) models for the early detection of AD using neuroimaging biomarkers. In this paper, we implement the EfficietNet-b0 convolutional neural network (CNN) with a novel approach—"fusion of end-to-end and transfer learning"—to classify different stages of AD. 245 T1W MRI scans of cognitively normal (CN) subjects, 229 scans of AD subjects, and 229 scans of subjects with stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI) were employed. Each scan was preprocessed using a standard pipeline. The proposed models were trained and evaluated using preprocessed scans. For the sMCI vs. AD classification task we obtained 95.29% accuracy and 95.35% area under the curve (AUC) for model training and 93.10% accuracy and 93.00% AUC for model testing. For the multiclass AD vs. CN vs. sMCI classification task we obtained 85.66% accuracy and 86% AUC for model training and 87.38% accuracy and 88.00% AUC for model testing. Based on our experimental results, we conclude that CNN-based DL models can be used to analyze complicated MRI scan features in clinical settings.
On the Application of Non-Gaussian Noise in Stochastic Langevin Simulations
Authors: Grønbech-Jensen Niels 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn light of recent advances in time-step independent stochastic integrators for Langevin equations, we revisit the considerations for using non-Gaussian distributions for the thermal noise term in discrete-time thermostats. We find that the desirable time-step invariance of the modern methods is rooted in the Gaussian noise, and that deviations from this distribution will distort the Boltzmann statistics arising from the fluctuation-dissipation balance of the integrators. We use the GJ stochastic Verlet methods as the focus of our investigation since these methods are the ones that contain the most accurate thermodynamic measures of existing methods. Within this set of methods we find that any distribution of applied noise, which satisfies the two first moments given by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, will result in correct, time-step independent results that are generated by the first two moments of the system coordinates. However, if non-Gaussian noise is applied, undesired deviations in higher moments of the system coordinates will appear to the detriment of several important thermodynamic measures that depend especially on the fourth moments. The deviations, induced by non-Gaussian noise, become significant with the one-time-step velocity attenuation, thereby inhibiting the benefits of the methods. Thus, we conclude that the application of Gaussian noise is necessary for reliable thermodynamic results when using modern stochastic thermostats with large time steps.
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) increase the effectiveness of temozolomide and lomustine in glioblastoma cell lines
Authors: Fishman Hila , Monin Roni , Dor-On Eyal , Kinzel Adrian , Haber Adi , Giladi Moshe , Weinberg Uri , Palti Yoram 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are electric fields that disrupt cellular processes critical for cancer cell viability and tumor progression, ultimately leading to cell death. TTFields therapy is approved for treatment of newly-diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) concurrent with maintenance temozolomide (TMZ). Recently, the benefit of TMZ in combination with lomustine (CCNU) was demonstrated in patients with O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation. The addition of adjuvant TTFields to TMZ plus CCNU further improved patient outcomes, leading to a CE mark for this regimen. The current in vitro study aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the benefit of this treatment protocol.

Methods
Human GBM cell lines with different MGMT promoter methylation statuses were treated with TTFields, TMZ, and CCNU, and effectiveness was tested by cell count, apoptosis, colony formation, and DNA damage measurements. Expression levels of relevant DNA-repair proteins were examined by western blot analysis.

Results
TTFields concomitant with TMZ displayed an additive effect, irrespective of MGMT expression levels. TTFields concomitant with CCNU or with CCNU plus TMZ was additive in MGMT-expressing cells and synergistic in MGMT-non-expressing cells. TTFields downregulated the FA-BRCA pathway and increased DNA damage induced by the chemotherapy combination.

Conclusions
The results support the clinical benefit demonstrated for TTFields concomitant with TMZ plus CCNU. Since the FA-BRCA pathway is required for repair of DNA cross-links induced by CCNU in the absence of MGMT, the synergy demonstrated in MGMT promoter methylated cells when TTFields and CCNU were co-applied may be attributed to the BRCAness state induced by TTFields.
The Control and Comprehensive Safety Assessment of Heavy Metal Impurities (As, Pb, and Cd) in Green Tea Camellia sinensis (L.) Samples (Infusions) Available in Poland
Authors: Jurowski Kamil , Kondratowicz-Pietruszka Elżbieta , Krośniak Mirosław 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTea is the world’s most common drink after water, and the world’s annual sales exceed $43 billion, of which more than $11 billion is green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.)). Increasing evidence continues to show that green tea consumption and its ingredients have a variety of potential health benefits. The aim of the study was to control and assess the toxicological risk (TRA) of three heavy metals (As, Pb, and Cd) in infusions of green tea (n = 12) from Polish markets. We applied the method of inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the selected heavy metal and designed a specific toxicological risk assessment with three crucial tiers. The first tier of our strategy was to determine the elements investigated (heavy metal impurities, µg/L). The second step was to estimate the weekly intake of green tea infusions (µg/week) based on weekly consumption. The third tier was to estimate the weekly intake per weight (µg/L/week/bw), based on the average weekly intake of green tea infusion per adult compared to the provisional weekly intake (PTWI) established by the FAO/WHO Joint Food Additives Expert Committee (JECFA). The levels of the investigated heavy metals occur at different levels in all of the investigated green tea infusions. The heavy metal profile indicated that As (0.0721–10.585 µg/L), Pb (0.386–1.695 µg/L), and Cd (0.126–0.346 µg/L) were present in all samples. Basic analysis of general content shows that As (average = 0.325 µg/L) was at a level similar to Cd (average = 0.214 µg/L). Surprisingly, the Pb content (average 0.891 µg/L) was approximately 2.75–4 times higher than that of As and Cd, respectively. The application of our proposed safety assessment methodology (three tiers) provides satisfactory results for regulatory purposes. The evaluation of the investigated heavy metals in all products analysed from green tea samples (infusions) showed that there were no health hazards to consumers due to weekly exposure. The results indicated that after drinking green tea infusions from Polish markets, the amount of investigated elements in weekly doses does not represent any health risks to consumers.
ANXA6: a key molecular player in cancer progression and drug resistance
Authors: Cao Jinlong , Wan Shun , Chen Siyu , Yang Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnnexin-A6 (ANXA6), a Ca2+-dependent membrane binding protein, is the largest of all conserved annexin families and highly expressed in the plasma membrane and endosomal compartments. As a multifunctional scaffold protein, ANXA6 can interact with phospholipid membranes and various signaling proteins. These properties enable ANXA6 to participate in signal transduction, cholesterol homeostasis, intracellular/extracellular membrane transport, and repair of membrane domains, etc. Many studies have demonstrated that the expression of ANXA6 is consistently altered during tumor formation and progression. ANXA6 is currently known to mediate different patterns of tumor progression in different cancer types through multiple cancer-type specific mechanisms. ANXA6 is a potentially valuable marker in the diagnosis, progression, and treatment strategy of various cancers. This review mainly summarizes recent findings on the mechanism of tumor formation, development, and drug resistance of ANXA6. The contents reviewed herein may expand researchers’ understanding of ANXA6 and contribute to developing ANXA6-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Case report. Spermatocytaire tumor: een zeldzame testiculaire tumor
Authors: van Renterghem Alexander R. P. K. M. , Laguna M. Pilar , Ferong Kristel B. M. , Clarijs Ruud , Jacobs Rens A. L. 
Published: May 2023

SamenvattingEen spermatocytaire tumor is met een incidentie van 1–12% een zeldzame vorm van testiculaire tumor. De tumor heeft kleine kans op metastasering, tenzij er in de tumor sprake is van sarcomatoïde of anaplastische transformatie. Een orchidectomie is de standaard behandeling. Adjuvante therapie is zelden noodzakelijk. We beschrijven de casus van een 68-jarige man die werd verwezen naar ons centrum met een harde palpabele massa in het linker hemiscrotum. Echografisch onderzoek van het scrotum toonde twee echoarme gelobde nodulaire letsels. De tumormarkers waren niet verhoogd. Er werd een radicale inguïnale orchidectomie verricht en daarop volgend histopathologisch onderzoek toonde een spermatocytaire tumor aan. Kennis over spermatocytaire tumoren is essentieel. Kortdurende follow-up middels CT-scan en lichamelijk onderzoek wordt aangeraden.
Small divisors in discrete local holomorphic dynamics
Authors: Reppekus Josias 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe give an introduction to the study of local dynamics of iterated holomorphic mappings near a fixed point via local conjugations in one and several complex variables. Starting with the systematic construction of formal conjugations to Poincaré–Dulac normal form in general and formal linearisations in particular, we discuss conditions for convergence of the normalising series in terms of the linear part. The convergence is closely related to the size of denominators that show up in the normalising series and depend only on the linear part of the mapping. Hence, we speak of a small-divisor problem. The central result on the linearisation problem is the Brjuno condition, that ensures holomorphic linearisability. The first part of these notes is a survey of the local dynamics in one variable from the viewpoint of local normalisations. In this case, the picture is fairly complete. In the second part we introduce the additional obstacles to both formal and holomorphic normalisations that emerge from interactions of multiple eigenvalues, such as resonances, that preclude the Brjuno condition in particular. For these cases, we proceed with several generalisations of the Brjuno condition, that allow us to find convergent conjugations to at least partial normalisations. The last part reviews a recent application of such a partial normalisation to illuminate the local dynamics near certain one-resonant fixed points.
The Case Against a Special Regime for Intragroup Transactions
Authors: Enriques Luca , Gilotta Sergio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCorporate groups with minority shareholders in one or more subsidiaries are common around the world, despite the risks such arrangements pose to those shareholders. Shaping a firm as a web of formally independent, minority-co-owned legal entities facilitates controllers’ diversion of corporate wealth (tunnelling) via intragroup transactions and other non-transactional techniques. While many jurisdictions leave the regulation of intragroup transactions to ordinary remedies against self-dealing, others (mostly in Europe) establish a special regime centred on a relaxation of directors’ fiduciary duties. Under this special regime, subsidiary directors are not liable if they make disadvantageous decisions that are beneficial to other entities within their group, provided that proper compensation is granted (or, according to some proposals, may reasonably be expected to be granted) to the subsidiary. This article conducts a qualitative cost-benefit analysis of the special regime, focusing on the European Model Companies Act’s rules on intragroup transactions. We concede that such rules have the advantage of reducing contracting costs and enhancing managerial flexibility within the corporate group, relative to systems governed by ordinary corporate law rules against unfair self-dealing. However, we also show that those benefits can be expected to be very limited. Furthermore, we show that this special regime substantially reduces minority shareholder protection against tunnelling, by making it much harder for minority shareholders to recover damages from controllers’ unfair self-dealing. Overall, our analysis suggests that, for corporate groups with minority shareholders at the subsidiary level, this regime should be implemented as an opt-in arrangement, if at all. Even in that form, it should be adopted together with adequate protections for shareholders dissenting from the midstream resolution to opt into the regime.
Justice vis à vis welfare: how Austrian welfare economics should fit in the Austro-libertarian framework
Authors: Wysocki Igor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present work calls for a modification of Austrian welfare economics so that it should be given adistinctrole within the Austro-libertarian paradigm. To this end, we clearly distinguish between justice and welfare. We proceed by trying to stick to the spirit of Austro-libertarianism as firmly as possible. In particular, we operate within the universe of voluntary (viz. rights-respecting) exchanges, having assumed thelibertarianabsolutist side-constraints view of rights. Furthermore, we take for granted the Austrianactual preference satisfaction view. The specific purpose of the present paper is two-fold. First, we subject Austrian rights-based welfare economics to critical scrutiny. Concluding that the above theory begs the question in favor of free market, we assert that to gauge marketefficiencywe need to resort to somedescriptivecriterion, which could reasonably be deemed constitutive of welfare. And it is only then that the question of market efficiency is an open question.
Nonlinear flow and permeability anisotropy characteristics in hydraulic fracturing-induced rock fractures subjected to various normal compressive stresses
Authors: Chen Junchao , Che Zhenglu , Su Xiaopeng , Zhou Lei , Liu Xiaofei , Zhang Liang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWell productivity after hydraulic fracturing is strongly affected by the flow behaviors in created fracture complexity. In this study, gas flow tests were conducted in splitting fractures (induced by Brazilian splitting) and hydraulic fractures (created by hydraulic fracturing) to study the nonlinear fluid flow behaviors in rough fractures. 3D fracture surfaces were first digitally reproduced with a scanner and then the fracture geometry parameters (roughness profile index $$R_{p}$$

R
p

, the root mean square of the fracture profile wall slope $$Z_{2}$$

Z
2

), aperture distributions were computed for both fractures. The influence of the fracture geometry characteristics on the nonlinear flow behaviors were systematically analyzed. The permeability anisotropy was numerically examined in detail. The results show that $$R_{p}$$

R
p

, $$Z_{2}$$

Z
2

and mean aperture of hydraulic fractures are relatively smaller, indicating that the fracture surfaces are smoother. The transmissivity of splitting fracture is relatively higher than that of hydraulic ones, and the ratio of splitting to hydraulic one varies from 2.51 at $$\sigma_{c}$$

σ
c

= 1 MPa to 60.95 at $$\sigma_{c}$$

σ
c

= 40 MPa. By contrast, splitting fractures have larger critical Reynolds number and lower critical pressure gradient, implying that nonlinearity is easier to occur in splitting fractures. The average Forchheimer coefficient for splitting fractures is 0.00577, which is 1.5 times larger than that (0.0041) for hydraulic ones. In addition, the fractures exhibit strong permeability anisotropy and this anisotropic effect is significantly dependent on the loading stress. In general, the permeability anisotropy in hydraulic fracture is more significant, showing that their permeability anisotropy ratios $$K$$
K
are larger and more sensitive to the loading. The obtained results confirm that there exist some discrepancies in flow behaviors between splitting and hydraulic fractures and for more accurate evaluation in engineering practice, hydraulic fractures should be fully considered.