bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
14, 15‐EET alleviates neurological impairment through maintaining mitochondrial dynamics equilibrium via AMPK/SIRT1/FoxO1 signal pathways in mice with cerebral ischemia reperfusion
Authors: Tang Jing , Chen Yiang , Li Jinyuan , Yan Shuo , Wang Zenan , Deng Xinyu , Feng Ke , Zhang Yanshuo , Chen Chunrong , Geng Huixia , Wang Yanming , Wang Lai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo explore whether 14, 15‐EET regulates mitochondrial dynamics to exert neuroprotective effects after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion and its underlying mechanisms.MethodsThe mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion model was used to observe brain infarct volume and neuronal apoptosis by TTC staining and Tunel assay, modified neurological severity score to detect neurological impairment, HE staining and Nissl staining to observe neuron damage, western blot and immunofluorescence methods to detect the expression of mitochondrial dynamics‐related proteins, transmission electron microscopy, and Golgi‐Cox staining to detect mitochondrial morphology and neuronal dendritic spines.Results14, 15‐EET reduced the neuronal apoptosis and cerebral infarction volume induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion (MCAO/R), inhibited the degradation of dendritic spines, maintained the structural integrity of neurons, and alleviated neurological impairment. Cerebral ischemia–reperfusion induces mitochondrial dynamics disorders, upregulates the expression of the mitochondrial division protein Fis 1, and inhibits the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1, while 14, 15‐EET treatment reverses this process. Mechanistic studies have shown that 14, 15‐EET promotes the phosphorylation of AMPK, upregulates the expression of SIRT1 and phosphorylation of FoxO1, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial division and promoting mitochondrial fusion, preserving mitochondrial dynamics, maintaining neuronal morphological and structural integrity, and alleviating neurological impairment induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion. Compound C treatment diminishes the neuroprotective effect of 14, 15‐EET following MCAO/R in mice.ConclusionThis study elucidates the novel neuroprotective mechanism of 14, 15‐EET, providing a novel approach for the development of drugs based on mitochondrial dynamics.
Health outcomes and service use patterns associated with co‐located outpatient mental health care and alcohol and other drug specialist treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Glover‐Wright Clare , Coupe Kym , Campbell Alexander Charles , Keen Claire , Lawrence Patrick , Kinner Stuart A. , Young Jesse T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIssuesDespite long‐standing recommendations to integrate mental health care and alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment, no prior study has synthesised evidence on the impact of physically co‐locating these specialist services on health outcomes.ApproachWe searched Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL for studies examining health outcomes associated with co‐located outpatient mental health care and AOD specialist treatment for adults with a dual diagnosis of substance use disorder and mental illness. Due to diversity in study designs, patient populations and outcome measures among the included studies, we conducted a narrative synthesis. Risk of bias was assessed using the MASTER scale.Key FindingsTwenty‐eight studies met our inclusion criteria. We found provisional evidence that integrated care that includes co‐located mental health care and AOD specialist treatment is associated with reductions in substance use and related harms and mental health symptom severity, improved quality of life, decreased emergency department presentations/hospital admissions and reduced health system expenditure. Many studies had a relatively high risk of bias and it was not possible to disaggregate the independent effect of physical co‐location from other common aspects of integrated care models such as care coordination and the integration of service processes.ImplicationsThere are few high‐quality, peer‐reviewed studies establishing the impact of co‐located mental health care and AOD specialist treatment on health outcomes. Further research is required to inform policy, guide implementation and optimise practice.ConclusionIntegrated care that includes the co‐location of mental health care and AOD specialist treatment may yield health and economic benefits.
Moso bamboo expansion into a broadleaved forest alters the dominant soil organic carbon source
Authors: Shao Shuai , He Hongbo , Liang Chenfei , Chen Junhui , Qin Hua , Wang Shanshan , Wang Zhongqian , Li Yi , Jia Weina , Zheng Xuli , Chen Yong , Fuhrmann Jeffry J. , Xu Qiufang , Zhang Xudong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBoth microbes and plants contribute to soil organic carbon (SOC) formation and retention, but their roles in controlling SOC dynamics in forest soils under Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) expansion remain unclear. Here, amino sugars and lignin monomers were measured to represent microbial necromass and plant‐derived components, respectively. The observed decline in both amino sugars and lignin monomers during Moso bamboo expansion indicates a reduction in microbial necromass and recalcitrant plant contributions to SOC composition. This could be attributed to a limitation of microbial substrates and proliferation caused by the reduced litter inputs resulting from the expansion. The proportion of microbial necromass contributing to the SOC pool increased, but that of lignin monomers decreased, as SOC content decreased with Moso bamboo expansion. This suggests that the decrease of SOC during bamboo expansion was mainly due to the reduction of lignin, while the increased contribution of microbial‐derived carbon to SOC may serve to improve SOC stability. Our study sheds light on the altered SOC source inputs resulting from Moso bamboo expansion and emphasizes the need for sustainable forestry management practices that differentiate between microbial‐ and plant‐derived carbon pools.
Formation of fine granular area in a non‐defect matrix of austenitic stainless steel during very high cycle fatigue
Authors: Chai Guocai , Bergström Jens , Burman Christer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA fine granular area, FGA, is a typical phenomenon observed at the very high cycle fatigue fracture crack origin with a subsurface defect in the material. The FGA has been widely investigated, and different mechanisms have been proposed. In this paper, the formation of FGA in a non‐defect matrix of one austenitic steel during very high cycle fatigue was studied using a progressive stepwise load‐increasing method and electron scanning microscopy/electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) technique. A nano rough surface area or FGA at the fatigue crack origin has been observed in the subsurface matrix without any defect. It is a new phenomenon. A mechanism was proposed using the dislocation plasticity theory. The formation of FGA in a non‐defect matrix is a localized plasticity exhausting process by strain localization, grain fragmentation, stress concentration and nano crack initiation and propagation along low‐angle grain boundaries.
ID‐TIMS Sm‐Nd and Sr Isotope Ratios of Reference Material Basalt Ribeirão Preto (BRP‐1)
Authors: Neto Carla , de Morisson Valeriano Claudio , Enzweiler Jacinta , Paravidini Gabriel , Carvalho Manuela , Heilbron Monica , Lana Cristiano , Larizzatti João Henrique 
Published: April 2023

This work presents Sm‐Nd and Sr isotopic ratios of the BRP‐1 (“Basalt Ribeirão Preto”) reference material (RM) based on repeated TIMS measurements over twelve years carried out by the LAGIR laboratory, Brazil. The BRP‐1 RM was produced by the Brazilian Geological Survey from a ca. 130 Ma within‐plate basalt, collected from a quarry near Ribeirão Preto city in the Paraná basin. Isotope ratios were measured using a TRITON mass spectrometer. Instrumental bias and fractionation corrections were performed based on repeated measurements of the certified RMs JNdi‐1 and NIST SRM 987. The measured Nd and Sr isotopic ratios of BRP‐1 are: 143Nd/144Nd = 0.512408 ± 0.000010 (2s), and 87Sr/86Sr = 0.706011 ± 0.000017 (2s). The mass fractions of Sm and Nd are 11.0 ± 0.2 and 51.9 ± 0.6 μg g‐1, respectively, showing no significant differences compared with the accepted values from the literature. No significant difference between measurements was observed, whether digesting samples in single or batch mode, using metal‐jacketed PTFE bombs or PFA vials, or with or without the addition of a spike. The accuracy of these results was evaluated through the measurement of well‐characterised USGS RMs, such as AGV‐1, BCR‐1, BHVO‐1, G‐2 and GSP‐1.
Gender bias in shared decision‐making among cancer care guidelines: A systematic review
Authors: Rivera‐Izquierdo Mario , Maes‐Carballo Marta , Jiménez‐Moleón José J. , Martínez‐Ruiz Virginia , Blaakær Jan , Olmedo‐Requena Rocío , Khan Khalid S. , Jørgensen Jan S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn cancer care, the promotion and implementation of shared decision‐making in clinical practice guidelines (CPG) and consensus statements may have potential differences by gender.ObjectiveTo systematically analyse recommendations concerning shared decision‐making in CPGs and consensus statements for the most frequent cancers exclusively among males (prostate) and females (endometrial).Search StrategyWe prospectively registered the protocol at PROSPERO (ID: RD42021241127). MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and online sources (8 guideline databases and 65 professional society websites) were searched independently by two reviewers, without language restrictions.Inclusion CriteriaCPGs and consensus statements about the diagnosis or treatment of prostate and endometrial cancers were included from January 2015 to August 2021.Data Extraction and SynthesisQuality assessment deployed a previously developed 31‐item tool and differences between the two cancers analysed.Main ResultsA total of 176 documents met inclusion criteria, 97 for prostate cancer (84 CPGs and 13 consensus statements) and 79 for endometrial cancer (67 CPGs and 12 consensus statements). Shared decision‐making was recommended more often in prostate cancer guidelines compared to endometrial cancer (46/97 vs. 13/79, 47.4% vs. 16.5%; p < .001). Compared to prostate cancer guidelines (mean 2.14 items, standard deviation 3.45), compliance with the shared‐decision‐making 31‐item tool was lower for endometrial cancer guidelines (mean 0.48 items, standard deviation 1.29) (p < .001). Regarding advice on the implementation of shared decision‐making, it was only reported in 3 (3.8%) endometrial cancer guidelines and in 16 (16.5%) prostate cancer guidelines (p < .001).Discussion and ConclusionsWe observed a significant gender bias as shared decision‐making was systematically more often recommended in the prostate compared to endometrial cancer guidelines. These findings should encourage new CPGs and consensus statements to consider shared decision‐making for improving cancer care regardless of the gender affected.Patient or Public ContributionThe findings may inform future recommendations for professional associations and governments to update and develop high‐quality clinical guidelines to consider patients' preferences and shared decision‐making in cancer care.
Are we deskilling or reskilling our hospital ward clinicians?
Authors: Bunch Jacinda , Jones Daryl , Psirides Alex 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRapid reponse teams emerged 27 years ago to identify deteriorating patients and reduce preventable harm. There are concerns that such teams have deskilled hospital staff. However, over the past 20 years, there have been marked changes in hospital care and workplace requirements for hospital staff. In this article, we contend that hospital staff have been reskilled rather than deskilled.
RETRACTED: Perceived stigmatisation and reliability of questionnaire in the survivors with burns wound: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Farzan Ramyar , Hosseini Seyed Javad , Firooz Mahbobeh , Tabarian Mansooreh Sadeh , Jamshidbeigi Amirreza , Samidoust Pirouz , Sarafi Milad , Mahdiabadi Morteza Zaboli , Ghorbani Vajargah Pooyan , Mollaei Amirabbas , Karkhah Samad , Takasi Poorya , Parvizi Arman , Haddadi Soudabeh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPerceived stigmatisation (PS) can cause different effects on burns survivors such as depression, low self‐esteem, body image disturbance, and social anxiety. Current systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to determine the average PS among the burns survivor population and the average reliability of the PS questionnaire (PSQ). A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in various international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database (SID) using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as “Stigmatisation”, “Burns”, “Reliability”, and “Questionnaire” from the earliest to February 1, 2023. The COSMIN and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists were applied to evaluate the risk of bias. Data analysis was performed in STATA V.14 and JAMOVI v 2.3.24 software. The analysis consisted of two sections. Firstly, the overall weighted average of PS was calculated based on mean and standard deviation. Then, the reliability average of PSQ was calculated with the reliability generalisation method based on the alpha coefficient, questionnaire items, and sample size of each study. Finally, eight articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The results showed the weighted average of PS was 2.14 (ES: 2.14, 95%CI: 1.77‐2.51, Z = 11.40, I2:97.8%, P < 0.001). The average of PS in the factors of confused/staring behaviour, absence of friendly behaviour, and hostile behaviour was 2.36 (ES: 2.36, 95%CI: 2.05‐2.67, Z = 14.86, I2:92.7%, P < 0.001), 2.13 (ES: 2.13, 95%CI: 1.87‐2.39, Z = 16.22, I2:93.8%, P < 0.001) and 2.07 (ES: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.67‐2.47, Z = 10.05, I2:96.5%, P < 0.001), respectively. The analysis showed that the overall coefficient alpha of the PSQ was 0.88 (ES: 0.88, 95%CI: 0.851‐0.910, Z = 58.7, I2: 95.04%, P < 0.001). Also, the alpha coefficient of factors including confused/staring behaviour, absence of friendly behaviour, and hostile behaviour were 0.847 (ES: 0.847, 95%CI: 0.770‐0.924, Z = 21.6, I2:99.13%, P < 0.001), 0.860 (ES: 0.860, 95%CI: 0.808‐0.912, Z = 32.4, I2:98.02%, P < 0.001) and 0.899 (ES: 0.899, 95%CI: 0.829‐0.968, Z = 21.33, I2: 0.0%, P < 0.001), respectively. In sum, the current study showed that the average PS was 2.14 out of 5 points. Most survivors and parents reported confused/starring behaviour as a common perceived behaviour from different individuals. Also, the average reliability of PSQ was 0.88, and it had acceptable reliability. More studies are required to better judge the level of PS among different age groups. Also, the psychometric properties of PSQ in different cultures are an essential issue.
The influence of triglycerides on small dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels is attenuated in low low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol range: Implications for the negative results of the PROMINENT trial
Authors: Hirano Tsutomu , Ito Yasuki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Pemafibrate to Reduce Cardiovascular Outcomes by Reducing Triglycerides in Patients with Diabetes (PROMINENT) trial failed to show the preventive effects of pemafibrate, a triglyceride (TG)‐lowering drug, on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. We recently reported that TG‐lowering with pemafibrate did not decrease the calculated small dense (sd) low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and speculated that the effect of TG on sdLDL‐C is attenuated in low LDL‐C levels. This report examined this possibility in 1,508 patients with type 2 diabetes and 670 healthy controls. LDL‐C ranges were classified as ≤69, 70–99, 100–139 and 140≤ mg/dL. The slope of the regression curve between sdLDL‐C and TG was found to flatten as LDL‐C decreased; 0.18, 0.13, 0.10 and 0.04 for controls, and 0.18, 0.13, 0.09 and 0.07 for diabetes patients. Correspondingly, the lower the LDL‐C range, the lower the sdLDL‐C/TG ratio. These results suggest that when LDL‐C is tightly controlled, TG‐lowering has only a weak inhibitory effect on sdLDL‐C.
Experiences and perceptions of self‐management in people with prediabetes: A qualitative meta‐synthesis
Authors: Wang Zixin , Shi Qifang , Zeng Yue , Li Yuzhe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes has become a global public health problem. Strengthening the self‐management ability of people with prediabetes plays an important role in preventing the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to synthesise the self‐management experiences and perceptions of people with prediabetes, which can contribute to the development of self‐management programs.MethodsThis review adheres to the ENTREQ Guide. Evidence‐based medicine database (JBI and Cochrane) and original literature database (PubMed, Medline, EMbase, Web of Science, Wanfang, CNKI and VIP) were searched up to 31 May 2022. Both Chinese and English literature of qualitative research on self‐management experiences and perceptions of prediabetic patients were included. The quality of the included studies was evaluated, and the data were synthesised and analysed by thematic synthesis method.ResultsA total of 23 primary studies containing 504 participants were included. After repeated reading and coding of the literature, three analytical themes were finally identified: coping with role management, success and failure in medical management, seeking and perceiving support.ConclusionRole management for people with prediabetes needs more attention. Healthcare providers should identify problems from patients' self‐management experiences and improve professional skills to assist program modifications. Integrating the self‐management program into community activities under the guidance of medical staff and inviting family members and peers to participate can increase involvement and improve the self‐management ability.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThese findings describe the different stages and issues in the self‐management process of prediabetic patients. The practice of prediabetes self‐management should incorporate the psychosocial, physical, and financial issues of the patients. As the main provider of health services, nurses should make patients aware of the susceptibility and severity of prediabetes and help them improve their self‐management skills.No Patient or Public ContributionThis is a meta‐synthesis without direct participation of patients.
The Polarization of Traumas and Selective Remembering: Competing Political Memories of Military Coups in Contemporary Turkey
Authors: Narlı Ayse Nilüfer , Akyıldız Kaya , Bircan Tuba 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBased on a national survey funded by the TÜBİTAK SOBAG Program, conducted with 1,957 respondents in 12 cities during 2013‐2014, this article examines the political memory of the 1960, 1971, 1980, and 1997 coups by describing the memories and accompanying emotions of Turkish adults. It then explains how differences in remembering and not remembering the coups are related to demographic, socio‐cultural, political identity, and fear variables. The data reveals diverse, multidirectional, and contesting coup memory patterns. While religiosity was associated with the memories of the 1960 and 1997 coups, self‐declared conservatism, modernity, political identity, political fears differed across the republican/secular and conservative/Islamist divides. The multidirectional and polarized remembering is largely a reflection of the current political context of a polarized memory regime instilled by the ruling Justice and Development Party from the basis of the 1990s′ memory landscape, which was filled with diverse and competing narratives that challenged early republican political memories.
Is the Patent System an Even Playing Field? The Effect of Patent Attorney Firms
Authors: De Rassenfosse Gaétan , Jensen Paul H. , Julius T'Mir , Palangkaraya Alfons , Webster Elizabeth 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe patent system underpins the business model of some of the fastest‐growing companies. Used appropriately, it should support frontier technologies and nurture new firms. Used perniciously, it can stifle innovation and protect established technological behemoths. We analyze patent examination decisions at the American, European, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese patent offices and find evidence that patent attorneys have a surprisingly significant role in the patent system. Our results suggest that some forces within the examination system maintain the uneven playing field by allocating monopoly rights to inventors with better access to influential attorneys, rather than leveling it by favoring inventors with better, nonobvious ideas. Attorney quality is most important, vis‐à‐vis invention quality, in less codified and more rapidly changing technology areas such as software and ICT.
The first molecular confirmation of Culex pipiens complex as potential natural vectors of Dirofilaria immitis in Myanmar
Authors: Aung Si Thu , Bawm Saw , Chel Hla Myet , Htun Lat Lat , Wai Soe Soe , Eshita Yuki , Katakura Ken , Nakao Ryo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDirofilariosis, known as one of the most widespread vector‐borne zoonotic diseases, is caused by several different species of the nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria, which can be transmitted by Culex, Anopheles and Aedes mosquito vectors. In order to identify key vector mosquitoes of filarial parasites in Myanmar, mosquitoes were collected during three different seasons (summer, rainy and winter) in three townships in Nay Pyi Taw area, Myanmar. DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were conducted for 185 mosquito pools, with each pool containing 1–10 mosquitoes. Dirofilaria immitis was detected in 20 pools of Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes. The minimum infection rate of mosquitoes was found to be 16.33. The small subunit ribosomal RNA (12S rDNA) gene targeted PCR revealed that the sequences obtained were completely identical to the sequences of D. immitis derived from dogs in China, Brazil and France. The sequences obtained from mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene PCR exhibited 100% identity with the sequences of D. immitis derived from dogs in Bangladesh, Iran, Japan and Thailand, as well as humans in Iran and Thailand, and mosquitoes in Germany and Hungary. The findings of this study demonstrated that the mosquito species of Cx. pipiens complex are potential mosquito vectors for dirofilariosis in Myanmar.