bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Extent to which Gender Bias Exists in News Articles Using Natural Language Processing Techniques
Authors: Guda Nihita 
Published: April 2023

Prior studies have shown the existence of gender bias in job postings, performance reviews, and letters of recommendation. However, very little research has been done on the presence of gender biases in mainstream news sources and how they vary across publications. Human editing, given the rapid pace of news dissemination, is not effective enough to address biases. Even computer programs that parse the news articles for specific words and references still fall short of identifying and detecting the undertones and implicit references, which is why sophisticated techniques like Artificial Intelligence (AI) are necessary. In this study, I used Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods, a series of Python-programs to further analyze how biases vary in new information, along the metrics of type, variety, and intensity. I used over 500,000 news articles from 15 publications, spanning over 4 years to build and train my algorithm. Using Word2Vec, a popular NLP method, I was able to conclude that more right leaning publications are more likely to exhibit misogynistic content that is biased against women. However, the method fell short of identifying many forms of objectification like Benevolent Sexism. Similarly, using VADER, a python-code of sentiment analysis tool, I was able to determine that mere metrics of positive, negative, and neutral sentiment are not sufficient to detect occurrences of gender bias. To gauge the breadth of sexist language effectively, I used the LIWC text analysis program which calculates the percentage of words in a given text that fall into one or more of over 80 linguistic, psychological and topical categories indicating various social, cognitive, and affective processes. As a result, with statistical evidence my study was able to conclude the presence of implicit gender bias occurs all across publications but is more prevalent in right-leaning publications.
Transgenerational development of food allergies and allergic rhinitis
Authors: Thatavarthy Samhitha , Fryer Kelsey 
Published: April 2023

Both environmental and genetic factors play a role in allergies. Allergies are influenced by genes and how they control immune cell function. Several studies have examined the occurrence of allergic disease in children and its association with other risk factors, including allergic disease in parents. Specific toxins like CO2 and other health conditions can be related to the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. The response to food allergies was observed in many studies to conclude that heritability from parents to offspring is one of the leading risk factors for allergic diseases. Several studies have found a significant increase in the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in males than in females. Avoidance of a particular food was associated with an increased risk of developing an allergy to that food. At the molecular level, T cells are found to affect allergy outcomes through their part of the immune response. Food proteins such as milk, egg, and peanut - common food allergens - may cause an immune response in allergic individuals. Different therapies include Epicutaneous Immunotherapy (EPIT) and specific infant milk protein formulas. If this formula is taken from infancy, the allergic responses can be prevented/reduced. As with seasonal allergies, prevention can be mediated by avoiding different pollution environments that may cause additional irritation, temperature control in a given atmosphere/humidity, and therapies of Vitamin C for immunity. With many other seasonal allergy triggers, it is ubiquitous among populations and dependent on the area and season.
The Correlation of Various Economic and Political Variables on Carbon Emissions
Authors: Joshi Anay , Greenberg Clayton 
Published: April 2023

With the sea levels and surface temperatures steadily rising, many scientists have warned of an oncoming global climate crisis. Currently, most studies point towards greenhouse gas emissions as being the main contributor for this climate crisis. In this study, we will investigate the correlation between various political and economic factors with carbon emissions. We run correlations among GDP and environmental policy stringency with the carbon dioxide emissions per capita to see the way the trends change over the scales of these variables. We also observe the trends of total population and total carbon emissions over time to analyze any occurring patterns. The goal of finding the correlations between these factors is that they may shed light on other potential elements that are commonly overlooked when attempting to minimize the global climate crisis. Our analysis also shows some inconsistencies between the intended and actual effects of the policy.
The Dymaxion Dwelling Machine: R. Buckminster Fuller’s Vision to House All of Humanity
Authors: Lee Blake 
Published: April 2023

Traditional housing is, and has for many centuries, been uniquely made for their individual clients, making houses difficult to mass-produce and, sometimes, too expensive to provide for those who need it most. R. Buckminster Fuller, an architect who believed that we had an obligation to provide adequate housing, attempted to address this challenge almost a century ago through his creation, the Dymaxion Dwelling Machine. The Dymaxion (a portmanteau of Fuller’s favorite words: dynamic, maximum, and tension) Dwelling Machine was a dome-shaped home optimized for mass-production, and it maintained a higher rate of efficiency and sustainability than the standard cube-shaped home. This paper will analyze several methods and facets that Fuller implemented within this atypical house, such as the Dymaxion Bathroom, Fog Gun, tensegrity, cooling/heating, autonomy, affordability, materials, maintenance, and construction, that inspired sustainable, versatile, and affordable solutions that have contributed to addressing the climate and inadequate housing crises of today.

“You never change things by fighting the existing reality.
To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.”
The Retina: A Different Perspective into Alzheimer’s Disease Screening
Authors: Avadhanam Advaith , Kim Ally 
Published: April 2023

The field of identifying retinal biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease has seen tremendous growth in recent years. The retina has great potential for being used in screening for Alzheimer’s disease (AD); it is the only part of the CNS not shielded by bone, and AD patients have several visual complaints. A number of major biomarkers in the retina have been found, including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning, retinovascular changes, pericyte loss and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) weakening, β-Amyloid (Aβ) deposits, Hyperphosphorylated tau and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and gliosis/inflammation. All of these parallel brain biomarkers. Furthermore, new ocular biomarkers have been found (the efficacy of which is not yet fully proven) - Aβ in the lens, choroid thinning, and visual symptoms. Amyloid biomarkers probably have the most potential among these for screening; however, a multivariable model will be more effective. In the future, the Atlas of Retinal Imaging in Alzheimer’s Study (ARIAS) study, which has already commenced, will search for a wide range of retinal biomarkers in many patients in varying stages of AD and risk levels of AD; it will also explore the interrelationships between those biomarkers to find a potential multivariate screening test for AD. Also, tear fluid could be a potential future biomarker that will be relatively easy to screen. Overall, this field has made great strides in recent years, and has great potential for groundbreaking advances in the near future. The promise of course is to enable simple, inexpensive, widespread and regular screening for AD using retinal biomarkers.
The Digital Dollar Is Coming and May Be Problematic
Authors: Beckerman Morgan 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the potential problems with the new proposed Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) known as the digital dollar.
Methodology: Qualitative research design examining pertinent and timely studies and articles about several aspects of the CBDC. Kuznichenko’s study used the Vector Autoregressive model to examine volatility spillover to the CBDC from equity markets. Most studies researched on the subject were Qualitative as well.
Findings: The CBDC, although providing benefits like payment efficiency, cross-border transactions, and less illegal activity than a cryptocurrency, also has potential downsides. During periods of financial panic, people can run from banks to the digital dollar. These bank runs could be even worse because whereas normal bank runs cause deposits to be moved from one bank to another, in this case, deposits would be moved out of the banking system entirely, into the digital dollar. Another theoretical problem with the digital dollar is a potential lack of individual privacy. Because the government would have a permanent blockchain record of all transactions and access to a person’s finances, this could cause potential government overreach. Lastly, although unlikely, if the Federal Reserve does not regulate the CBDC to the extent that it needs to be, volatility spillover from equity and forex markets could problematic to the stability of the digital dollar.
Recommendations: Theoretically, policymakers can manage risk using the knowledge that the CBDC can exacerbate financial panics and instability. Increased regulation would be necessary to avoid potential volatility and bank runs during financial panics.
The Trends and Effects of Flood Occurrences in the Shire River Basin in Chikwawa District of Malawi: A Historical Perspective (1980 - 2019)
Authors: Nakapu Hussein Daniel , Ali Mwakumanya Professor Maarifa , Mwakio Tole Professor Mwakio 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine historical trends in flooding in Malawi’s Shire River Basin (SRB). The basin is prone to severe flooding and most affected in the country. For many years, flooding has posed a significant threat to communities in and around the basin. Therefore, the main objective of the study was to document the historical perspective of flood occurrences in terms of frequency and impact in the Shire River Basin of Chikwawa District, Malawi, from 1980 to 2019.
Methodology: A mixed survey design was used for the study. Both random and purposive sampling were used to identify participants. A total of 384 respondents took part in the study. The study collected both primary and secondary data. Primary sources of data were collected using household surveys, interviews with key informants, and focus group discussions, while secondary sources of data were collected using documents from both non-governmental and Malawian governmental departments and agencies (MDAs) as well as existing literature. Data from focus group discussions (FGDs), interviews with community elders (CEIs), and key informant interviews (KIIs) were recorded in Chichewa with a voice recorder, transcribed in Chichewa, and then translated into English. Household survey data were processed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 25 and secondary data were converted to time series data and then analysed using STATA software to produce charts and graphs.
Findings: The results showed that all three hydrometeorological extremes (mean annual temperature, average rainfall and baseflow index) increased, suggesting that both the intensity and frequency of flooding in the Shire River Basin of Chikwawa District were also increasing in absolute terms. People’s perceptions of flooding showed that the Shire River Basin in Chikwawa District experienced excessive flooding every 5 years. This 5-year cycle was, among other factors the result of climate change and forest loss in the study area, leading to an increase in river sedimentation.
Recommendations: This article found that the local people in the Shire River Basin of Chikwawa District will always live with increasing levels of flooding. Therefore, they should be proactive in flood management and understand the process as an ongoing activity for future risk assessment. Analysing the history of river basin flooding is important as it helps the Malawi's Department of Disaster Management Affairs (DoDMA) officials to be alert and estimate the time frame for the next flood in the Shire River Basin of Chikwawa District to strengthen the flood forecasting accuracy.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM CỦA NHIỄM KHUẨN HUYẾT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRẺ EM HẢI PHÒNG 2014 – 2020
Authors: Đinh Dương Tùng Anh , Nguyễn Thị Huyền , Lý Thị Thương Mến , Đinh Văn Thức 
Published: April 2023

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm vi khuẩn gây bệnh và kết quả điều trị nhiễm khuẩn huyết tại Bệnh viện Trẻ Em Hải Phòng trong các năm 2014-2020. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Trẻ em dưới 15 tuổi đến khám tại Bệnh viện Nhi Hải Phòng trong các năm 2014 - 2020 được chẩn đoán nhiễm khuẩn huyết. Các sinh vật được phân lập bằng cách sử dụng các kỹ thuật nuôi cấy tiêu chuẩn, sau đó kháng sinh đồ được thực hiện theo phương pháp khoanh giấy khuếch tán Kirby – Bauer. Kết quả: Chúng tôi thu thập 226 trường hợp nhiễm khuẩn huyết trong nghiên cứu này. Những vi khuẩn gây nhiễm khuẩn huyết thường gặp nhất lần lượt là S. aureus (20,8%), S. epidermidis (14,2%), P. aeruginosa (11,9%) và K. pneumoniae (11,9%). S. aureus còn nhạy cảm với amikacin, gentamycin, vancomycin, meropenem, ít nhạy cảm với các cephalosporin (thế hệ 2, 3) và đã kháng với penicillin và oxacillin. P. aeruginosa còn nhạy cảm với amikacin, gentamycin, meropenem, vancomycin và ciprofloxacin, kém nhạy cảm với các cephalosporins và oxacilin. Thời gian điều trị nội trú trung bình của NKH ở trẻ em là 9,39 ± 6,19 ngày. Tỷ lệ ca bệnh nặng chuyển tuyến hoặc tử vong do NKH còn cao (27,4%). Kết luận: Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi đã chứng minh một loạt các mầm bệnh Gram dương và Gram âm chịu trách nhiệm về nhiễm khuẩn huyết ở trẻ em Hải Phòng và mức độ kháng thuốc kháng sinh đáng kể. Tỷ lệ thất bại điều trị do NKH còn ở mức khá cao, đòi hỏi sự cải thiện hơn nữa trong công tác chẩn đoán và điều trị bệnh.
NGHIÊN CỨU HÌNH THÁI VÀ DIỆN TÍCH LỖ VAN HAI LÁ BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP SIÊU ÂM TIM 3D QUA THỰC QUẢN Ở BỆNH NHÂN HẸP HAI LÁ KHÍT CÓ CHỈ ĐỊNH NONG VAN BẰNG BÓNG QUA DA
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Thu Hoài , Hoàng Thị Hồng Mến 
Published: April 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Sự ra đời của siêu âm tim qua thực quản (SATQTQ 3D) những năm gần đây đã khẳng định vai trò của siêu âm tim trong việc đánh giá các bệnh lý van tim. SATQTQ3D với đầu dò đa chiều ma trận, cùng một lúc cắt được nhiều mặt cắt, có thể giúp quan sát được hình ảnh ba chiều van hai lá từ mặt nhĩ và mặt thất. Một số nghiên cứu trên thế giới đã cho thấy SATQTQ3D có giá trị hơn siêu âm 2D qua thành ngực (SATQTN2D) trong việc xác định hình thái và diện tích van hai lá. Hiện nay ở Việt Nam chưa có nghiên cứu về vấn đề này. Mục tiêu:. Khảo sát hình thái và diện tích van hai lá trên siêu âm tim 2D qua thành ngực, siêu âm tim 2D/3D qua thực quản ở bệnh nhân hẹp hai lá khít có chỉ định nong van hai lá bằng bóng qua da. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Gồm 60 bệnh nhân đã được chẩn đoán xác định là hẹp hai lá (HHL) do tổn thương do thấp, có chỉ định nong van hai lá (NVHL) bằng bóng, được thu thập các số liệu lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng, SATQTN2D, SATQTQ2D/3D trước nong van, sau đó được tiến hành NVHL bằng bóng qua da. Kết quả: Diện tích van hai lá trên SATQTQ 3D thấp hơn diện tích VHL đánh giá bằng phương pháp SATQTN 2D (0,88±0,22 so với 1,01±0,19 cm2), với sự khác biệt trung bình: 0,13±0,2 cm2. Diện tích VHL đánh giá bằng SATQTQ 3D thấp hơn diện tích VHL đánh giá bằng PHT (0,88±0,22 so với 1,03±0,2 cm2), với sự khác biệt trung bình là 0.15±0,21 cm2, sự khác biệt là rất có ý nghĩa với p< 0,001. Phương pháp SATQTQ 3D phát hiện vôi hóa mép van tốt hơn so với SATQTN 2D: 26,7% đánh giá bằng SATQTQ3D so với 13,3% bằng SATQTN 2D trong đánh giá vôi mép trước và 13,3% đánh giá bằng SATQTQ 3D so với 6,7% bằng SATQTN2D trong đánh giá vôi mép sau ( với p<0,05) . Không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa giữa hai phương pháp siêu âm SATQTN 2D và SATQTQ 2D trong việc đánh giá chênh áp tối đa, trung bình qua VHL và áp lực động mạch phổi tâm thu. Kết luận: Đánh giá diện tích VHL trên SATQTQ3D nhỏ hơn diện tích VHL trên SATQTN 2D và phương pháp đánh giá qua thời gian bán giảm áp lực PHT. SATQTQ3D phát hiện dính và vôi mép van nhiều hơn so với SATQTN2D.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG U GIÁP LÀNH TÍNH Ở TRẺ EM ĐƯỢC PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI CẮT TUYẾN GIÁP QUA ĐƯỜNG TIỀN ĐÌNH MIỆNG
Authors: Nguyễn Xuân Hậu , Nguyễn Xuân Hiền 
Published: April 2023

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng u giáp lành tính ở trẻ em được phẫu thuật nội soi cắt tuyến giáp qua đường tiền đình miệng. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả kết hợp tiến cứu 13 bệnh nhân u giáp lành tính ≤18 tuổi được phẫu thuật nội soi đường tiền đình miệng cắt u tuyến giáp tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội từ tháng 02/2021 đến tháng 10/2022. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình 15,77 ± 3,27 tuổi (8-18); nữ chiếm 76,92%. 76,92% trẻ đi khám vì phát hiện khối vùng cổ, 100% trường hợp khám lâm sàng sờ thấy khối u. Hầu hết các trường hợp chỉ có u một thùy (84,6%), tỉ lệ u nằm ở thùy phải là 57,4%. U lớn nhất có kích thước trung bình là 26,46 ± 5,28 (20 – 37)mm, chủ yếu là u từ 20-30mm (69,2%). Tất cả trường hợp đều có kết quả tế bào học và giải phẫu bệnh sau mổ u giáp lành tính. Kết luận: TOETVA có thể ứng dụng trong điều trị u tuyến giáp lành tính ở trẻ em.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MUATAN IPA KELAS 5 SD NEGERI 2 TUKSONGO
Authors: Safitri Susiana Dwi 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi rendahnya hasil belajar siswa muatan IPA terbukti dari rata-rata hasil belajar yaitu 66. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah penggunaan Pendekatan Saintifik melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning yang terbukti dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar muatan IPA siswa kelas 5 SD Negeri 2 Tuksongo, serta dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar muatan IPA menggunakan Pendekatan Saintifik melalui Model Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan Saintifik melalui model Problem Based Learning. Hasil observasi aktivitas guru siklus I pada pertemuan pertama memperoleh skor 60%, pertemuan kedua 63%, dan pada pertemuan ketiga 73%, sedangkan aktivitas guru siklus II pada pertemuan pertama memperoleh skor 78%, pertemuan kedua 84%, dan pertemuan ketiga 92%. Hasil observasi aktivitas siswa siklus I pada pertemuan pertama memperoleh skor 42%, pertemuan kedua 53 % dan pertemuan ketiga 62%, sedangkan aktivitas siswa siklus II pada pertemuan pertama memperoleh skor 72%, pertemuan kedua 76%, dan pertemuan ketiga 84%. Aktivitas siswa didalam pembelajaran yang meningkat memberi pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar muatan IPA yang ikut meningkat. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil belajar muatan IPA prasiklus, siklus I dan siklus II. Pada prasiklus nilai rata-rata hasil ulangan harian muatan IPA siswa kelas 5 adalah 66 dengan ketuntasan belajar 43%. Setelah diterapkan pendekatan Saintifik melalui model Problem Based Learning, hasil belajar muatan IPA siswa kelas 5 pada siklus I nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 73 dengan presentase ketuntasan 75%. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh 78 dengan presentase ketuntasan mencapai 96%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan Saintifik melalui model Problem Based Learning pada siswa kelas 5 SD N 2 Tuksongo Kecamatan Pringsurat Kabupaten Temanggung Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 meningkat
MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA BERBASIS COMPUTER BASE TRAINING
Authors: Riyanta Wawan , Wiarco Yuwono , Handoko Handoko 
Published: April 2023

Computer Based Training is a teaching material that can support distance lectures that demand more interesting, attractive and efficient media. The making of CBT learning media is carried out using the research and development (R&D) method, making and testing or verifying applications and testing the aplication effectiveness. The development and manufacture of CBT media products uses the Adobe Animate CC platform and then a feasibility test is carried out using a validation questionnaire using a Likert scale that will be carried out by the validator. Trial of learning media Products to 54 respondents and processing the results of the assessment from users obtained very good results with a value of 3.96 and a percentage of 79.3% with details of the assessment of each sub-element of the software engineering aspect of 92%, the learning design aspect by 86% and visual communication aspects by 48%. The visual communication zspect has the lowest assessment result from the other two aspects with 3 (three) visual communication sub aspects that fall into the inappropriate category, namely audio, moving media and interactive layout. The results of this research become an interactive teaching platform for PPI lecturers in 2022.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MELALUI PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN PROBLEM POSING SETTING KOOPERATIF
Authors: Arriah Fathrul , Ahmad Nahdhatul Rugaiziah 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen yang dilakukan di salah satu SMP kelas VIII SMP Di Kabupaten Bulukumba yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan problem posing matematika siswa melalui pendekatan kooperatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas VIII.A SMP yang berjumlah 23 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes hasil belajar dan lembar observasi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah diberikan tindakan yaitu: (1). Pada Pretes diperoleh skor rata-rata kemampuan problem posing matematika siswa adalah sebesar 58,47 dengan standar deviasi 3,82 dari skor ideal 65 dan berada pada kategori rendah, (2). Pada Postest, diperoleh skor rata-rata kemampuan problem posing matematika siswa adalah sebesar 81,30 dengan standar deviasi 8,28 dari skor ideal 95 dan berada pada kategori tinggi. Peningkatan rata-rata dari Pretest ke Postest menandakan adanya peningkatan kemampuan problem posing matematika siswa, (3). Jumlah siswa yang tuntas secara individu setelah diberikan perlakuan sebanyak 22 orang siswa (95,7%). Dari persentase tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan pendekatan problem posing setting kooperatif efektif diterapkan dalam pembelajaran matematika matematika pada siswa Kelas VIII.A SMP.
Penerapan Model ARIMA Dalam Memprediksi Penjualan Produk Minuman Teh Botol Sosro Ukuran 350 mL
Authors: Wahyuni Iga Dwi , Yuniarti Trisna , Rapi Amrin 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to provide suggestions for improvements in overcoming stock shortages of soft drink products using a forecasting method. The results of such forecasting will be compared with the forecasting methods used by the company at this time. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) method was used in this study to improve the accuracy of demand forecasting in soft drink products (TBE 350 mL K12 Aseptic). This study used product sales data for the period January 2016 to January 2022. Based on the results of calculation and data processing, it is known that the best model is ARIMA (2,1,0) with a MAPE value of 35,966%. Meanwhile, the method used by the company has a MAPE value of 36.569%. It Shows that the ARIMA method (2,1,0) has better forecasting accuracy compared to the company's forecasting method with a MAPE difference of 0.604%. The validation results were obtained forecasting in January 2022 with ARIMA (2,1,0) of 22,569 cartons, while the company's method was 21,194 cartons. This shows that the ARIMA method (2,1,0) is more accurate in forecasting because it has a forecast value in the January 2022 period close to the actual demand value, which is 23,193 cartons. The ARIMA model equation (2,1,0) for forecasting soft drink products in the following month is Zt = 0,494Zt-1 + 0,210Zt-2 + 0,297Zt-3