bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of folate receptor α in the partial rejuvenation of dentate gyrus cells. Improvement of cognitive function in elderly mice
Authors: Antón-Fernández A , Cuadros R , Peinado-Cahuchola R , Hernández F , Avila J 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, we have studied the effect of small compounds in the partial rejuvenation of dentate gyrus cells by measuring the improvement of cognitive functions in elderly mice.Aging has been related to a change in DNA methylation and some one-carbon metabolites linked to that methylation process, like vitamin B12, folate or methionine have been involved in cognitive performance during aging. However, their role in this process and the possible mechanisms behind its cognitive effects are still unclear. Through direct infusion of these molecules in the dentate gyrus we have tested their effects on cognition in elderly mice. Only positive results were found for folate. A partial rejuvenation of dentate gyrus cells related to an increase in neuroplasticity by reorganizing extracellular matrix structures and rising the expression of juvenile genes like GluN2B was found. Since folate is involved in several cellular pathways in addition to DNA methylation, we have focused in its interaction with its folate receptor alpha (FRα), a protein that is present at the cell nucleus, acting as transcription factor. We have found that most of folate effects on brain would be mediated by the activation of FRα. In addition, we propose that the mechanism for cell rejuvenation by folate, or other FRα binding molecules, may involve the expression of proteins, like SOX2, a Yamanaka factor present in young neurons. Thus, the use of molecules that activate the FRα pathway could constitute an interesting strategy to be considered for the study of brain rejuvenation.
Development of a multifunctional toolkit of intrabody-based biosensors recognizing the V5 peptide tag: highlighting applications with G protein-coupled receptors
Authors: Zeghal Manel , Matte Kevin , Venes Angelica , Patel Shivani , Laroche Geneviève , Sarvan Sabina , Joshi Monika , Couture Jean-François , Giguère Patrick M. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT/SUMMARYProtein-protein interactions (PPIs) form the underpinnings of any cellular signaling network. PPIs are highly dynamic processes and often, cell-based assays can be essential for their study as they closely mimic the biological intricacies of cellular environments. Since no sole platform can perform all needed experiments to gain a thoroughly comprehensive understanding into these processes, developing a versatile toolkit is much needed to address this longstanding gap. The use of small peptide tags, such as the V5-tag, has been extensively used in biological and biomedical research, including labeling the C-termini of one of the largest human genome-wide open-reading frame collections. However, these small peptide tags have been primarily usedin vitroand lack thein vivotraceability and functionality of larger specialized tags. In this study, we combined structural studies and computer-aided maturation to generate an intracellular nanobody, interacting with the V5-tag. Suitable for assays commonly used to study protein-protein interactions, our nanobody has been applied herein to interrogate G protein-coupled receptor signalling. This novel serviceable intrabody is the cornerstone of a multipurpose intracellular nanobody-based biosensors toolkit, named iBodyV5, which will be available for the scientific community at large.
Genomic signatures of bottleneck and founder effects in dingoes
Authors: Kumar Manoharan , Conroy Gabriel , Ogbourne Steven , Cairns Kylie , Borburgh Liesbeth , Subramanian Sankar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDingoes arrived in Australia during the mid-Holocene and are the native top-order terrestrial predator on the mainland and some offshore islands. Although dingoes subsequently spread across the continent, the initial founding population(s) could have been small. To investigate this hypothesis, we examined the potential signatures of bottlenecks and founder effects in dingoes by sequencing the whole genomes of three dingoes and also obtaining the genome data from nine additional dingoes and 56 canines, including wolves, village dogs and breed dogs, and examined the signatures of bottlenecks and founder effects. We found that the nucleotide diversity of dingoes was low, and 36% less than highly inbred breed dogs and 3.3 times lower than wolves. The number of runs of homozygosity (RoH) segments in dingoes was 1.6 to 4.7 times higher than in other canines. Whilst examining deleterious mutational load, we observed that dingoes carried elevated ratios of nonsynonymous-to-synonymous diversities, significantly higher numbers of homozygous deleterious Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs), and increased numbers of loss of function SNVs, compared to breed dogs, village dogs, and wolves. These results suggest dingoes experienced a severe bottleneck, potentially caused by the limited number of founding individuals. While many studies observe less diversity and a higher number of deleterious mutations in domesticated populations compared to their wild relatives, we observed the opposite – .i.e. wild dingoes have lower diversity and a greater number of harmful mutations than domesticated dogs. Our findings can be explained by bottlenecks and founder effects during the establishment of dingoes on mainland Australia. These findings highlight the need for conservation-based management of dingoes and need for wildlife managers to be cognisant of these findings when considering the use of lethal control measures across the landscape.
Identification of key virus–prokaryote infection pairs that contribute to viral shunt in a freshwater lake
Authors: Shen Shang , Tominaga Kento , Tsuchiya Kenji , Matsuda Tomonari , Yoshida Takashi , Shimizu Yoshihisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractViruses infect and kill productive prokaryotes in a density-or frequency-dependent manner and affect carbon cycling. However, the effects of the stratification transition, including the stratified and destratified periods, on the changes in prokaryotic/viral communities and the interactions among them remain unclear. We conducted a monthly survey of the surface and deep layers of a large and deep freshwater lake (Lake Biwa, Japan) for a year and analyzed the prokaryotic production and prokaryotic/viral metagenome. Our analysis (including 1 608 prokaryotes and 13 761 viruses) revealed that 19 prokaryotic species, accounting for ∼40% of total abundance, might be suppressed by viruses when prokaryotic production is higher. This suggests that a small proportion of prokaryotes contribute to a large amount of prokaryotic abundance, and these prokaryotes are infected and lysed by viruses, driving the viral shunt in the freshwater lake. Furthermore, we found that annual vertical mixing might yield a similar rate of community change between the surface and deep layers. This finding might be valuable in understanding how the communities change when the stratification of freshwater lakes is affected by global warming in the future.
Ketamine evoked disruption of entorhinal and hippocampal spatial maps
Authors: Masuda Francis Kei , Sun Yanjun , Jones Emily A Aery , Giocomo Lisa M 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKetamine, a rapid-acting anesthetic and acute antidepressant, carries undesirable spatial cognition side effects including out-of-body experiences and spatial memory impairments. The neural substrates that underlie these alterations in spatial cognition however, remain incompletely understood. Here, we used electrophysiology and calcium imaging to examine ketamine’s impacts on the medial entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, which contain neurons that encode an animal’s spatial position, as mice navigated virtual reality and real world environments. Ketamine induced an acute disruption and long-term re-organization of entorhinal spatial representations. This acute ketamine-induced disruption reflected increased excitatory neuron firing rates and degradation of cell-pair temporal firing rate relationships. In the reciprocally connected hippocampus, the activity of neurons that encode the position of the animal was suppressed after ketamine administration. Together, these findings point to disruption in the spatial coding properties of the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit as a potential neural substrate for ketamine-induced changes in spatial cognition.
Pharmacological inhibition of astrocytic transglutaminase 2 facilitates the expression of a neurosupportive astrocyte reactive phenotype in association with increased histone acetylation
Authors: Delgado Thomas , Emerson Jacen , Hong Matthew , Keillor Jeffrey W. , Johnson Gail VW 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAstrocytes play critical roles in supporting structural and metabolic homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). CNS injury leads to the development of a range of reactive phenotypes in astrocytes whose molecular determinants are poorly understood. Finding ways to modulate astrocytic injury responses and leverage a pro-recovery phenotype holds promise in treating CNS injury. Recently, it has been demonstrated that ablation of astrocytic transglutaminase 2 (TG2) modulates the phenotype of reactive astrocytes in a way that improves neuronal injury outcomes bothin vitroandin vivo. In anin vivomouse model, pharmacological inhibition of TG2 with the irreversible inhibitor VA4 phenocopies the neurosupportive effects of TG2 deletion in astrocytes. In this study, we provide insights into the mechanisms by which TG2 deletion or inhibition result in a more neurosupportive astrocytic phenotype. Using a neuron-astrocyte co-culture model, we show that VA4 treatment improves the ability of astrocytes to support neurite outgrowth on an injury-relevant matrix. To better understand how pharmacologically altering TG2 affects its ability to regulate reactive astrocyte phenotypes, we assessed how VA4 inhibition impacts TG2’s interaction with Zbtb7a, a transcription factor we have previously identified as a functionally relevant TG2 nuclear interactor. The results of these studies demonstrate that VA4 significantly decreases the interaction of TG2 and Zbtb7a. TG2’s interactions with Zbtb7a, as well as a wide range of other transcription factors and chromatin regulatory proteins, suggest that TG2 may act as an epigenetic regulator to modulate gene expression. To begin to understand if TG2-mediated epigenetic modification may impact astrocytic phenotypes in our models, we interrogated the effect of TG2 deletion and VA4 treatment on histone acetylation and found significantly greater acetylation in both experimental groups. Consistent with these findings, previous RNA-sequencing and our present proteomic analysis also supported a predominant transcriptionally suppressive role of TG2 in astrocytes. Our proteomic data additionally unveiled pronounced changes in lipid and antioxidant metabolism in astrocytes with TG2 deletion or inhibition, which likely contribute to the enhanced neurosupportive function of these astrocytes.
A selfish genetic element and its suppressor causes abnormalities to testes in a fly
Authors: Lyth Sophie , Manser Andri , Price Tom A. R. , Hurst Gregory D. D. , Verspoor Rudi L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSelfish genetic elements (SGEs), specifically X-chromosome meiotic drive (XCMD), create huge conflicts within a host’s genome and can have profound effects on fertility. Suppressors are a common evolutionary response to XCMD to negate its costs. However, whether suppressors themselves can cause negative non-target effects remains understudied. Here, we examine whether the intragenomic conflicts created by XCMD and its suppressor affect gonad morphology inDrosophila subobscura.We found significant differences in testes, seminal vesicle, and accessory gland size depending on whether a male carried a non-driving X chromosome, an XCMD, and if the XCMD was suppressed. We also found the first evidence of abnormal testes development that is specifically associated with a suppressor of XCMD. Unlike other studies, our evidence suggests that XCMD inD. subobscuracreates major abnormalities to male gonads. These abnormalities are most frequent if both XCMD and its suppressor are both present. While costs of suppression have importance in theoretical models, they have largely been ignored in empirical XCMD systems. Overall, this study highlights that genetic conflict, created by SGEs and their suppressors, is a potent evolutionary force that can have major impacts on gonad development and gametogenesis.
Whither the need and motivation for open government data (OGD) promotional strategies?
Authors: Alexopoulos Charalampos , Saxena Stuti , Janssen Marijn , Rizun Nina 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
It has been underscored in the extant literature that open government data (OGD) has not percolated across the length and breadth of any country, let alone the awareness of the OGD among the stakeholders themselves. In this vein, this study aims to underline the reasons as to why OGD promotion merits consideration apart from underlining the manner in which OGD promotion may be done.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on literature review on the OGD conceptual models and government promotion initiatives, the study further sketches an OGD model across four quadrants: beginners, followers, fast-trackers, trend-setters on the basis of the progress made in their OGD initiatives besides underlining the four elements of OGD promotional strategy as media, arena, substance and stakeholders. Also, the study explores the drivers and barriers to OGD promotional initiatives.

Findings
The study shows that across the OGD quadrants, the promotional strategies vary in terms of the 4As (acceptability, affordability, accessibility and awareness), and the same get reflected across MASS. Further, the drivers for OGD promotional initiatives are building citizens’ trust and forging stakeholder participation and collaboration in administration, thereby furthering transparency in administration, meeting the needs of the stakeholders, providing the desired impetus to value creation and innovation by the stakeholders and the need for furthering economic growth. Likewise, the barriers toward OGD promotion are linked with the lack of political will, lack of organizational leadership, mission and vision, lack of involvement of government departments, lack of budget and lack of requisite infrastructure for promotion.

Originality/value
Hitherto, OGD research has underscored the need to make the users aware of the potential of OGD initiative; however, no study has been undertaken to understand the manner in which the awareness may be driven among the users – the present study is a first step in this direction.
Predicting daily activity time through ecological niche modelling and microclimatic data
Authors: Toro‐Cardona Felipe A. , Parra Juan L. , Rojas‐Soto Octavio R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Climate temporality is a phenomenon that affects species activity and distribution patterns across spatial and temporal scales. Despite the global availability of microclimatic data, their use to predict activity patterns and distributions remains scarce, particularly at fine temporal scales (e.g. < month). Predicting activity patterns based on climatic data may allow us to foresee some of the consequences of climate change, particularly for ectothermic vertebrates.

The Gila monster exhibits marked daily and seasonal activity patterns linked to physiology and reproduction. Here we evaluate whether ecological niche models fitted using microclimate data can predict temporal activity patterns using the Gila monster Heloderma suspectum as a study system. Furthermore, we identified whether the activity patterns are related to physiological constraints.

We used dated occurrences from museum specimens and human observations to generate and test ecological niche models using minimum volume ellipsoids. We generated hourly microclimatic data for each occurrence site for 10 years using the NicheMapR package. For ecological niche modelling, we compared the traditional seasonal approach versus a daily activity pattern strategy for model construction. We tested both using the omission rate of independent observations (citizen science data). Finally, we tested whether unimodal and bimodal activity patterns for each season could be recreated through ecological niche modelling and whether these patterns followed known physiological constraints.

The unimodal and bimodal activity patterns previously reported directly from tracking individuals across the year were recovered using niche modelling and microclimate across the species' geographical range. We found that upper thermal tolerances can explain the daily activity patterns of this species.

We conclude that ecological niche models trained with microclimatic data can be used to predict activity patterns at high temporal resolutions, particularly on ectotherm species of arid zones coping with rapid climate modifications. Furthermore, the use of high temporal resolution variables can lead to a better niche delimitation, enhancing the results of any research objective that uses correlative models.
A meta‐regression analysis on the willingness‐to‐pay for country‐of‐origin labelling
Authors: Yeh Ching‐Hua , Hirsch Stefan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFood quality and food safety issues arouse increasing interest and concern among consumers and policy‐makers. Consequently, the importance of country‐of‐origin labelling (COOL) is increasing in business, policy and research. Numerous studies have reported a wide range of estimates for consumers' willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for COOL using stated preference methods and, in particular, discrete choice experiments. We apply meta‐regression analyses to synthesise the heterogeneous results of 204 WTP for COOL estimates extracted from 59 studies which used discrete choice experiments and were published between 2009 and 2020. Meta‐regression analysis allows an adjusted summary proxy to be derived for the WTP for COOL and the determinants of heterogeneity in reported WTP estimates are also investigated. Our results suggest that there is a significant positive WTP for COOL, and also reveal that the reported WTP estimates are unaffected by publication bias. In addition, they show systematic variation in WTP estimates across the context and methodological characteristics of the studies. More precisely, we find that the region and the product (animal‐ vs. plant‐based) analysed, as well as certain characteristics of the choice design (e.g., the number of attributes used, or the inclusion of an opt‐out option) can have a significant impact on the estimated WTP for COOL. Finally, our results reveal significant differences in price premiums between various types of COOL (e.g., domestic vs. foreign). This highlights that results from individual primary studies should not be generalised without further consideration of the underlying study design.
Combining historical agricultural and climate datasets sheds new light on early 20th century barley performance
Authors: Raymond Joanna , Mackay Ian , Penfield Steven , Lovett Andrew , Philpott Haidee , Dorling Stephen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBarley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) is cultivated globally across a wide range of environments, both in highly productive agricultural systems and in subsistence agriculture and provides valuable feedstock for the animal feed and malting industries. However, as the climate changes there is an urgent need to identify adapted barley varieties that will consistently yield highly under increased environmental stresses. Our ability to predict future local climates is only as good as the skill of the climate model, however we can look back over 100 years with much greater certainty. Historical weather datasets are an excellent resource for identifying causes of historical yield variability. In this research we combined recently digitised historical weather data from the early 20th century with published Irish spring barley trials data for two heritage varieties: Archer and Goldthorpe, following an analysis first published by Student in 1923. Using linear mixed models, we show that interannual variation in observed spring barley yields can be partially explained by recorded weather variability, in particular July maximum temperature and rainfall, and August maximum temperature. We find that while Archer largely yields more highly, Goldthorpe is more stable under wetter growing conditions, highlighting the importance of considering growing climate in variety selection. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the benefits of access to historical trials and climatic data and the importance of incorporating climate data in modern day breeding programmes to improve climate resilience of future varieties.
Risk factors for suicide among patients having received treatment with electroconvulsive therapy: A nationwide study of 11,780 patients
Authors: Spanggård Anders , Rohde Christopher , Østergaard Søren Dinesen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesDespite the putative anti‐suicidal effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), patients receiving ECT remain at high risk of dying from suicide due to the severity of their underlying mental illness. We aimed to quantify this risk and to identify risk factors for suicide among patients receiving ECT.MethodsUsing nationwide Danish registers, we identified all patients that initiated ECT between 2006 and 2016. These patients were matched on sex and age to 10 reference individuals from the general Danish population. Firstly, we compared 2‐year suicide risk between patients initiating ECT and the matched reference individuals. Secondly, we investigated if any patient characteristics were associated with suicide following ECT via Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsA total of 11,780 patients receiving ECT and 117,800 reference individuals were included in the analyses. Among the patients receiving ECT, 161 (1.4%) died from suicide within two years. Compared to the reference individuals, patients having received ECT had a substantially elevated suicide rate (Hazard rate ratio (HRR) = 44.48, 95%CI = 31.12–63.59). Among those having received ECT, the following characteristics were associated with suicide: Male sex (adjusted HRR (AHRR) = 2.32, 95%CI = 1.63–3.30), medium‐term higher education (AHRR = 2.64, 95%CI = 1.57–4.44); long‐term higher education (AHRR = 3.16, 95%CI = 1.68–5.94), history of substance use disorder (AHRR = 1.51, 95%CI = 1.01–2.26) and history of intentional self‐harm/suicide attempt (AHRR = 4.18, 95%CI = 2.76–6.32).ConclusionsThose who are male, have obtained medium‐/long‐term higher education, or have a history of substance use disorder or intentional self‐harm/suicide attempt, are at particularly elevated risk of suicide following ECT. These findings may guide clinical initiatives to reduce suicides.