bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐criteria decision‐making approach for optimal and probabilistic planning of passive harmonic filters in harmonically polluted industrial network with photovoltaic resources
Authors: Khajouei Javad , Shakeri Sina , Esmaeili Saeid , Nosratabadi Seyyed Mostafa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNowadays, nonlinear loads are widely employed within the industrial applications that cause harmonic distortions in the network. Passive harmonic filters stand out as the preeminent and cost‐efficient remedy for mitigating the impact of harmonic distortions. Any changes in power system conditions such as load variability and photovoltaic resources uncertainty have a significant impact on the harmonic conditions which can affect the quantity and positioning of passive harmonic filters. Hence, in this paper, a method including an innovative optimization problem is proposed for probabilistic planning of passive harmonic filters considering system conditions variability, which is solved by heuristic methods and multi‐criteria decision‐making techniques. By doing this, a solution is obtained where grid losses and the passive harmonic filter costs are minimized and the power factor and frequency response are improved on selected buses. Also, in this paper, the index that gauges the severity of total harmonic distortion is proposed to determine the worst case of the network in terms of harmonic distortions which is so vital for system operators, especially the systematic approach to designing passive harmonic filters. To indicate the efficiency of the proposed approach, the electrical system of an actual Iranian copper mine of significant scale is employed, featuring the integration of non‐linear loads.
HDT network: A high‐resolution range profile multi‐target detection and tracking method based on neural network
Authors: Sun Lin , Liu Huawei , Wang Chaoyi , Li Baoqing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn radar target detection and tracking tasks, the detection algorithm and data association algorithm are the primary technologies. The accuracy of detection, stability of tracking and processing speed are the key points to accomplishing effective high‐resolution range profile (HRRP) multi‐target tracking (MTT). Classic HRRP target tracking algorithms conduct the detection by extracting handcraft features and conduct tracking based on the data association algorithm. With the development of neural network methods, deep learning methods have been widely applied in target detection and tracking. An HRRP detection and tracking (HDT) network based on neural networks is proposed, which includes three steps: Firstly, the HRRP signal is processed by a convolutional neural network detector to extract the feature of the origin signal and generate the detection measurement. Secondly, a predicted measurement is generated by a Kalman filter, which estimates the current state of the target based on its previous states and the detection measurement. Finally, the ReID network calculates the cosine similarity between the tracks and measurements to associate them and a linear sum assignment operation is used to match the tracks and measurements. By using the proposed algorithm, the HDT network is capable of detecting and tracking multiple targets in complex cluttered environments with high accuracy. Experimental results on an HRRP dataset collected by a moving radar platform show the outstanding performance of the HDT network, including detection accuracy, track integrity and real‐time MTT.
Quality assessments, performance, and emissions evaluation of biodiesel from citrullus lanatus oil seeds and diesel blends in compression ignition engine
Authors: Narayan Sunny , Kaisan Muhammad Usman , Mahroogi Faisal O. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to limited stock of levels of fossil fuel resources and ecological issues, biodiesel is becoming an attractive alternative choice for replacing conventional fuels. Biodiesel can be used by mixing with different fuels like citrullus lanatus seeds, camphor, cleaner fuel injector, sunflower, safflower, soybean, cottonseed, rapeseed, palm, Jatropha, and Moringa oil seeds.This paper reviews use of biofuels blended with citrullus lanatus seeds. The citrullus lanatus biodiesel was mixed with diesel in different percentages by volume. Some physico‐chemical characteristics of blends and pure diesel were investigated and it was established that it conforms to the American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) standards. The exceptions were the viscosity and specific gravity of the pure biodiesel B100 which were 0.09 and 0.018 mm2/s above the ASTM standard, respectively. All blends were run on a stationary 4‐cylinder diesel engine at 70% loading and speeds of 1500, 2000, and 2500 rpm. It was deduced that B10 gave the best brake power, thermal efficiency, and optimum specific fuel consumption at a speed of 2500 rpm. B15 gave the highest brake mean effective pressure. B25 and B100 gave the least values of brake power and brake thermal efficiency across the speeds. B100 gave the highest brake specific fuel consumption. Furthermore, the exhaust emission gases such as CO2, CO, NOx, and HC in different engine conditions stated above were recorded and analyzed. It was found that B25 emitted about 53% lesser CO2 and 37% lesser CO as compared to pure diesel with zero HC at 2500 rpm. The blends were better in terms of engine performance and also in reduction of emissions in most cases, than pure diesel fuel.Problem statement: Various emissions from engines like unburnt hydro carbons, particulate emissions, NOx, and CO have bad effects on ecology. This work presents an overview on use of novel hybrid fuels in compression ignition engines with an aim of mitigating effects of emissions on environment. Biodiesel was blended with Citrullus lanatus oil and pure diesel in different proportions to see effects on performance of diesel engines. The presented work may pave the way for use of alternative cheap and environmentally friendly fuels in automotive systems.
Biotransformation: Zellschutz und Entgiftung
Authors: Runow Klaus-Dietrich 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungBei chronischen Erkrankungen sollte stets die Leberbelastung durch endogene und
exogene Gifte bzw. die Entgiftungsleistung beachtet werden. Zahlreiche
Single-Nukleotid-Polymorphismen können die Entgiftung
beeinträchtigen, das Risko für nichtalkoholische Fettleber und
metabolisches Syndrom steigt bei den Betroffenen. Eine umfangreiche Stuhl- und
Verdauungsanalyse ist wichtiger Bestandteil der Diagnostik der Leberbelastung.
In der Zellschutz- und Entgiftungstherapie spielen die mitochondrialen
Schutzsubstanzen Coenzym Q10, α-Liponsäure, Glutathion, Vitamin
E, Niacin, Melatonin und Silymarin aus der Mariendistel eine wichtige Rolle.
Hyperbare Sauerstofftherapie verbessert die Regeneration von Leberzellen und die
Entgiftung durch Plasmaoxygenierung.
ctHPV-DNA-basierte Präzisionsonkologie für Patienten mit Oropharynxkarzinom – wo stehen wir?
Authors: Wuerdemann Nora , Joosse Simon , Klasen Charlotte , Prinz Johanna , Demers Imke , George Julie , Speel Ernst-Jan Maria , Wagner Steffen , Klußmann Jens Peter 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDas humane Papillomavirus (HPV) ist im Kopf-Hals-Bereich ein gesicherter ätiologischer Faktor für die Entstehung von oropharyngealen Plattenepithelkarzinomen (engl. OPSCC). Die gute Überlebensrate rechtfertigt die derzeitige Diskussion einer Therapiedeeskalation für Patienten mit einem geringeren Risikoprofil. Ungeachtet des immunhistochemisch nachweisbaren Biomarkers p16INK4a besteht ein hoher Bedarf an diagnostischen und prognostischen Biomarkern, um eine valide Risikostratifizierung und Überwachung der Patienten unter Therapie und in der Nachsorge ermöglichen zu können. Die Liquid Biopsy, insbesondere in Form von Plasmaproben, hat aus diesem Grund in den letzten Jahren an Bedeutung gewonnen und wird bereits bei Epstein-Barr-Virus-assoziierten Nasopharynxkarzinomen zum Monitoring der Virus-DNA eingesetzt. Die zirkulierende Tumor-DNA (ctDNA), welche von dem Tumor in die Blutbahn abgegeben wird, lässt sich besonders bei Virus-assoziierten Karzinomen mit hoher Spezifität nachweisen. Die Detektion der viralen Onkogene E6 und E7 bei HPV-positiven OPSCC erfolgt überwiegend mittels droplet-digital/quantitativer PCR sowie Next Generation Sequencing. Die im Blutstrom erfassbare HPV-assoziierte DNA ist bei Diagnosestellung mit dem Tumorstadium und mit dem Auftreten von lokoregionalen sowie entfernten Metastasen assoziiert. Longitudinale Untersuchungen haben weiterhin ergeben, dass nachweisbare bzw. ansteigende ctHPV-DNA-Werte im Blut im Zusammenhang mit einem Scheitern der Therapie bzw. einem Rückfall der Erkrankung stehen. Eine Standardisierung des Verfahrens ist jedoch notwendig, bevor die Liquid Biopsy endgültig Einzug in die klinische Diagnostik erhält und eine valide Reflexion das Krankheitsgeschehen ermöglichen kann.
Age-Related Hand Grip and Quadriceps Muscle Strength Ratio, Fall
Risk, and Balance in Healthy Adults
Authors: Kizmaz Erhan , Karabag Muhammet Alper , Özer Mediha Kübra , Unver Fatma 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between
age-related hand grip and quadriceps muscle strength ratio, fall risk and
balance in healthy adults, and also to show the interaction between these
parameters.
Methods 92 participants were examined in 6 groups as 18–29,
30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70 and older
individuals. Fall risk, balance, grip strength and quadriceps muscle strength
were evaluated. The correlation between the grip/quadriceps strength
ratio (G/Q) and the risk of falling and balance was examined.
Results There was no significant difference between G/Q and
balance or fall risk in all age groups. In addition, it showed moderate and
significant correlations with grip and quadriceps muscle strength, balance, and
fall risk in groups aged 60 years and older.
Conclusion It is not sufficient to use the ratio of hand grip strength and
quadriceps muscle strength in different age groups to predict balance and fall
risk. Various test combinations as well as different parameters such as lower
extremity endurance and flexibility can be used to evaluate physiological fall
risk and balance in the future studies.
Urgent Endovascular Aortic Repair Requiring Coverage of the Left Subclavian Artery
Authors: Haldenwang Peter L. , Heute Christoph , Schero Karla J. , Schlömicher Markus , Haeuser Lorine , Nicolas Volkmar , Strauch Justus T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Evaluation of the optimal left subclavian artery (LSA) management during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) involving the distal aortic arch in an urgent setting.
Methods A total of 52 patients with acute aortic syndromes underwent TEVAR (March 2017 to May 2021) requiring proximal landing in the distal aortic arch. Decision for partial or complete LSA ostial endograft coverage, with or without additional bypassing, was made depending upon the aortic pathology and vascular anatomy. We focused on the patency of the circle of Willis and the unilateral dominance of one carotid or a vertebral artery: 35% underwent complete (complete LSA group) and 17% partial LSA coverage (partial LSA group), whereas in 48% the LSA was reached only by the bare springs of the endograft (control group). A total of 22% of the complete LSA group underwent LSA bypass before TEVAR, whereas 11% underwent cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Endpoints were 30-day and 1-year mortality, stroke, spinal cord ischemia (SCI), and malperfusion.
Results Technical success was achieved in 96%. The endograft length was 171 ± 34 (complete LSA group) versus 151 ± 22 (partial LSA group) versus 181 ± 52 mm (control group), covering 6 ± 2 versus 5 ± 1 versus 7 ± 2 intercostal arteries. The 30-day mortality, stroke and SCI rates did not differ. One patient with arm malperfusion underwent LSA bypass post-TEVAR. After 1 year, aortic interventions occurred in 6 (complete LSA group) versus 22 (partial LSA group) versus 13% (control group). One-year mortality (0 vs. 0 vs. 8%), stroke (6 vs. 0 vs. 4%), and SCI (0 vs. 0 vs. 4%) were similar between groups.
Conclusion With an adequate analysis of vascular anatomy, coverage of the LSA for TEVAR is safe and may offer results similar to TEVAR starting distal to the LSA.
Clinical Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes of Adrenal Tumors in
Children and Adolescents
Authors: Kim Ja Hye , Choi Yunha , Hwang Soojin , Yoon Ji-Hee , Kim Gu-Hwan , Yoo Han-Wook , Choi Jin-Ho 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective Adrenal tumors are generally rare in children and can be a part
of familial cancer syndrome. This research was conducted to examine the clinical
outcomes, histopathological results, and genetic etiologies of adrenal tumors in
children and adolescents.
Methods Thirty-one children and adolescents with adrenal tumors were
included. Data on clinical outcomes and endocrine and radiologic results were
retrospectively analyzed. Molecular analysis was conducted in select patients
according to their phenotype and family history.
Results The median age at diagnosis was 7.9 years (range: 0.8−17.8
years) with 5.1±1.8 cm of maximum tumor diameter. Adrenal
adenoma (n=7), carcinoma (n=5), borderline (n=2),
isolated micronodular adrenocortical disease (n=2), pheochromocytoma
(n=8), paraganglioma (n=3), and ganglioneuroma (n=4) are
all pathological diagnoses. The most common presenting symptom was excess
production of adrenocortical hormones (n=15), including virilization and
Cushing syndrome. Non-functioning adrenocortical tumors were found in a patient
with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Genetic etiologies were identified in
TP53 (n=5), VHL (n=4), and PRKACA
(n=1). Patients with mutations in TP53 were young
(1.5±0.5 years) and had large masses (6.1±2.3 cm).
Conclusions This study describes clinical outcomes and the pathological
spectrum of adrenal tumors in children and adolescents. Adrenocortical tumors
mostly presented with an excess of the adrenocortical hormone. Patients with
genetic defects presented at a young age and large size of tumors, necessitating
genetic testing in patients at a young age.
Refining Clinical Phenotypes to Improve Clinical Decision Support and Reduce Alert Fatigue: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Samal Lipika , Wu Edward , Aaron Skye , Kilgallon John L. , Gannon Michael , McCoy Allison , Blecker Saul , Dykes Patricia C. , Bates David W. , Lipsitz Stuart , Wright Adam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Most care for early CKD is provided in primary care, including hypertension (HTN) management. Computerized clinical decision support (CDS) can improve the quality of care for CKD but can also cause alert fatigue for primary care physicians (PCPs). Computable phenotypes (CPs) are algorithms to identify disease populations using, for example, specific laboratory data criteria.
Objectives Our objective was to determine the feasibility of implementation of CDS alerts by developing CPs and estimating potential alert burden.
Methods We utilized clinical guidelines to develop a set of five CPs for patients with stage 3 to 4 CKD, uncontrolled HTN, and indications for initiation or titration of guideline-recommended antihypertensive agents. We then conducted an iterative data analytic process consisting of database queries, data validation, and subject matter expert discussion, to make iterative changes to the CPs. We estimated the potential alert burden to make final decisions about the scope of the CDS alerts. Specifically, the number of times that each alert could fire was limited to once per patient.
Results In our primary care network, there were 239,339 encounters for 105,992 primary care patients between April 1, 2018 and April 1, 2019. Of these patients, 9,081 (8.6%) had stage 3 and 4 CKD. Almost half of the CKD patients, 4,191 patients, also had uncontrolled HTN. The majority of CKD patients were female, elderly, white, and English-speaking. We estimated that 5,369 alerts would fire if alerts were triggered multiple times per patient, with a mean number of alerts shown to each PCP ranging from 0.07–to 0.17 alerts per week.
Conclusion Development of CPs and estimation of alert burden allows researchers to iteratively fine-tune CDS prior to implementation. This method of assessment can help organizations balance the tradeoff between standardization of care and alert fatigue.
Reexamining the impact of foreign direct investment on carbon emissions: does per capita GDP matter?
Authors: Wang Qiang , Yang Ting , Li Rongrong , Wang Xiaowei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResearch on the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on environmental quality has not reached consensus. This paper examines the potential structural break in the relationship between FDI and the environment from the perspective of economic scale. The results of the panel threshold estimation for 67 countries of different income groups show that the impact of FDI on carbon emissions shifts from positive to negative at different income level stages, using GDP as the threshold. This conclusion is further verified by the group regression results of the robustness test. When the GDP per capita is below $541.87, FDI shows a significant positive impact on carbon emissions, and this interval corresponds to a wide range of low-income economies today, however, when the GDP per capita exceeds $541.87, this positive impact almost disappears. The negative impact of FDI on carbon emissions manifests itself once the GDP per capita reaches $46515, and the sample countries corresponding to this interval since 2014 are mainly Switzerland, Iceland, Denmark, Sweden, the United States, Singapore, and Australia. Therefore, we call on countries to raise their income levels so that they can cross the lower threshold and thus take advantage of the emission reduction effect provided by FDI.
Genotype-dependent responses of Andean and Coastal quinoa to plant population density for yield and its physiological determinants in Northwest Argentina
Authors: Agüero Juan José , Acreche Martín Moisés , Sühring Silvia Susana , Bertero Héctor Daniel , Curti Ramiro Néstor 
Published: July 2023

Context In quinoa, similar yields are found under a wide range of plant population densities due to its phenotypic plasticity. Aims This study aimed to identify optimal plant population densities for achieving attainable yields, in relation to the most adapted genotype for a given environment. Methods Andean (RQ252 and RQ420) and Coastal (Titicaca and Puno) genotypes were tested at conventional (14 plants/m2) and low (7 plants/m2) plant population densities, in Dry Valley and Highland mega-environments for 2 years. Key results More than 64% of total variation was explained by genotype, location, and interaction effects for grain yield, biomass, and harvest index. For these variables, the genotype × location × plant population density term presented the highest percentage of variation among triple and quadruple interaction terms. In the Highlands, grain yields decreased with plant population density for Andean genotypes (30–40%), in contrast to lower reductions for Coastal genotypes (9–20%). In the Dry Valleys, no effect of plant population density was found for all genotypes. In the Highlands, reductions in biomass and harvest index explained grain yield response, in parallel with increases in small grain percentage of up to 16% when frosts came early, related to uneven maturity at low plant population density. Conclusions Attainable yields in Northwest Argentina were achieved by exploring local adaptation and response to plant population density of Andean genotypes in the Highlands, in contrast to stable yields of Coastal genotypes through locations and plant population densities. Implications Understanding genotype-dependent responses to plant population density according to Northwest Argentina mega-environments can reduce yield gaps in quinoa production and refine breeding strategies.
Wounding induces suberin deposition, relevant gene expressions and changes of endogenous phytohormones in Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita) tubers
Authors: Liu Linyao , Geng Ping , Jin Xueyuan , Wei Xiaopeng , Xue Jing , Wei Xiaobo , Zhang Lihua , Liu Mengpei , Zhang Liang , Zong Wei , Mao Linchun 
Published: July 2023

Wounds on Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita) tubers can ocurr during harvest and handling, and rapid suberisation of the wound is required to prevent pathogenic infection and desiccation. However, little is known about the causal relationship among suberin deposition, relevant gene expressions and endogenous phytohormones levels in response to wounding. In this study, the effect of wounding on phytohormones levels and the expression profiles of specific genes involved in wound-induced suberisation were determined. Wounding rapidly increased the expression levels of genes, including PAL, C4H, 4CL, POD, KCSs, FARs, CYP86A1, CYP86B1, GPATs, ABCGs and GELPs, which likely involved in the biosynthesis, transport and polymerisation of suberin monomers, ultimately leading to suberin deposition. Wounding induced phenolics biosynthesis and being polymerised into suberin poly(phenolics) (SPP) in advance of suberin poly(aliphatics) (SPA) accumulation. Specifically, rapid expression of genes (e.g. PAL, C4H, 4CL, POD) associated with the biosynthesis and polymerisation of phenolics, in consistent with SPP accumulation 3 days after wounding, followed by the massive accumulation of SPA and relevant gene expressions (e.g. KCSs, FARs, CYP86A1/B1, GPATs, ABCGs, GELPs). Additionally, wound-induced abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) consistently correlated with suberin deposition and relevant gene expressions indicating that they might play a central role in regulating wound suberisation in yam tubers.
Fabrication and development of novel micromachined parylene-based electroactive membranes with embedded microfluidic architectures
Authors: Rebolledo Uscanga Fernando Antonio , Pierce Mark C , Zahn Jeffrey D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This work describes the design, fabrication, modeling, and testing of monolithic micromachined parylene-based electroactive membranes (µPEMs) with embedded microfluidic channels. The design and modeling employed analytical plate theory to determine the optimal membrane dimensions and structural shapes for various microsystem designs. The µPEMs were fabricated using a combination of surface and bulk micromachining techniques incorporating Parylene C as a biocompatible polymeric structural material combined with patterned electrodes for actuation. Experimental actuation of the electroactive membranes demonstrated reliability with minimal voltage shifts, and theoretical pull-in voltages closely matching experimental results. Different structural parameters of the µPEMs were also tested, such as varying the overall membrane thickness/structural rigidity and actuation chamber depth. Dynamic actuation of the membrane, including, the deflection and system response to various actuation frequencies, was observed and quantified via optical coherence tomography techniques. Microfluidic architectures were monolithically integrated with the membrane actuator and successfully perfused, with no signs of leakage. This compact microsystem has potential applications in microfluidics and Lab/System-On-a-Chip devices, for use in micromixers, particle manipulators, and applying strain to adherent cells cultured on top of the membrane.