bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Money Chase: The Role of Racial Innuendo and Marketized Discourse in Courting Private Dollars
Authors: Hernández Laura E. 
Published: January 2023

Background/Context: The business and philanthropic sectors have been a persistent force in shaping U.S. schools. Recently, they have used their resources to advance policies that embody newer principles of industry—reforms that suggest that competition, choice, and deregulation can spur improvement and effectiveness. This has most notably included deep investments in the proliferation of charter schools, surfacing questions as to the sector’s reliance on private dollars as well as the equitable and democratic impact of advancing this manifestation of neoliberal reform. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: While scholars have elucidated the role of business and philanthropic funding in promoting charter schools, less is known about how the well-substantiated connections between charters and the private sector have been facilitated or how discourse—the ideas, representations, and argumentation conveyed in acts of communication—is mobilized to create a rationale for support. To date, research has typically examined the discourse and messaging intended for families navigating choice settings. Yet, how these depictions are crafted for donors, who typically inhabit positions of economic and social power and are critical actors in charter growth, remain comparatively less understood. Research Design: This study fills this empirical gap and investigates the tactics used to solicit donor investment by charter management organizations (CMOs). It uses a conceptual framework that synthesizes tenets from the research on neoliberal policy networks and the sociology of race to enable a multifaceted analysis of the discursive tactics used to secure donor support while attending to the often-nuanced ways in which race may be invoked in those efforts. Methodologically, this study follows an embedded case study design to investigate the tactics deployed by a population of CMOs in Northern California and relies on observational and documentary data to examine how CMOs design and execute donor outreach and the resonant messages they aim to elevate. Conclusions/Recommendations: I find that CMOs elevated business-friendly themes related to workforce preparation, impact, and return on investment in their outreach and at times commodified their constituents by offering their labor as exchangeable resources to elevate donor profiles. Simultaneously, CMOs advanced color-evasive discourse, relying on deficit-laden racial narratives to create a reinforcing and complementary rationale for intervention. These findings suggest that CMOs relied on market and racialized logics as the persuasive fodder for donor investment, leaving the economic and racial status quo—and the democratic and equity implications it perpetuates—unchallenged.
Characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of bloodstream Candida infections in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hohmann Fábio Barlem , Chaves Renato Carneiro de Freitas , Olivato Guilherme Benfatti , Souza Guilherme Martins de , Galindo Vinicius Barbosa , Silva Jr Moacyr , Martino Marines Dalla Valle , Menezes Fernando Gatti de , Corrêa Thiago Domingos 
Published: January 2023

Objective The main objective was to assess the clinical characteristics, associated factors, and outcomes of patients admitted to the ICU for candidemia. The secondary objective was to examine the relationship of candidemia with the length of stay and mortality. Methods The analysis was a retrospective single-center cohort study addressing the effect of invasive candidemia on outcomes. This study was performed in a medical-surgical ICU located in a tertiary private hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Data was collected through the review of the hospital database. Results In total, 18,442 patients were included in our study, including 22 patients with candidemia. The median age was similar in patients with and without candidemia [67 (56–84) vs. 67 (51–80)]. Most patients were male, and the proportion of men was higher among patients with candidemia (77% vs. 55.3%). The rates of renal replacement therapy (40.9% vs. 3.3%), mechanical ventilation (63.6% vs. 29.6%), and parenteral nutrition (40.9% vs. 4.8%) were higher in patients with candidemia than in those without candidemia. The mortality rate (77.3% vs. 11.9%) and length of hospital stay [42 days (23.0–78.8) vs. 8 days (5.0–17.0)] were significantly higher in patients with candidemia. Conclusions Patients with candidemia are prone to longer hospital stay and mortality. In addition, we found associations of candidemia with the use of invasive mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, and parenteral nutrition.
Risk Factors for Symptomatic Bilateral Lumbar Bone Stress Injury in Adolescent Soccer Players: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tsutsui Toshiharu , Iizuka Satoshi , Takei Seira , Maemichi Toshihiro , Torii Suguru 
Published: January 2023

Background: Lumbar bone stress injury (BSI) is a high-risk long time—loss injury for adolescent soccer players. However, the risk factors for lumbar BSI are unclear. Purpose: To identify the risk factors for bilateral lumbar BSI for adolescent soccer players. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Adolescent soccer players underwent orthopaedic examination, whole-body dual energy x-ray scan, lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and muscle tightness testing at baseline. Lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope, maturity stage of lumbar vertebral body, and bone marrow edema (BME) at the L5 were examined via MRI. In addition, bone mineral density and content; trunk lean body mass via dual energy x-ray scan; and bilateral muscle tightness including the iliopsoas, hamstrings, and quadriceps were measured. Lumbar BSI was diagnosed as positive bilateral BME and extension-based lumbar pain. All participants were examined twice, one at 6 months and one at 1 year, after the baseline examination. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for bilateral lumbar BSI. Results: A total of 69 (26.3%) players were diagnosed with bilateral lumbar BSI. Asymptomatic BME (odds ratio [OR], 4.260; 95% CI, 2.153-8.431), apophyseal stage of the lumbar vertebral body (OR, 3.438; 95% CI, 1.698-6.959), sacral slope relative to LL ≥5° (OR, 4.067; 95% CI, 2.021-8.181), and hamstring tightness ≥50° (OR, 3.221; 95% CI, 1.385-7.489) were significantly associated with bilateral lumbar BSI. Conclusion: The incidence of bilateral lumbar BSI was common at 26.2%. Asymptomatic BME, sacral anterior tilt relative to LL, immature lumbar epiphyses, and hamstring tightness were found to be risk factors for bilateral lumbar BSI. The results of this study suggest that regular MRI examination could facilitate the early detection of BME, and improvement in hamstring flexibility and lumbosacral alignment may prevent bilateral lumbar BSI in young athletes.
What is the role of CellDetect® in detecting and monitoring bladder cancer?
Authors: Yüksel Ömer , Tosun Çağatay , Gümrükçü Gülistan , Tokuç Emre , Yücebaş Ömer Ergin 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Cystoscopy is the gold standard method for diagnosing and monitoring bladder cancer but it is costly, invasive, and operator-dependant. The aim is to compare the diagnostic efficacy of CellDetect® with urine cytology based on cystoscopic findings. Methods: A total of 181 patients undergoing cystoscopy for bladder cancer follow-up or any reason were studied with cytology and CellDetect® by taking an urine sample before cystoscopy. Patients who had any kind of bladder procedure in less than 1 month, doubtful cystoscopy results, previous pathology of Tis or carcinoma in situ (CIS), urinary stones, and patients with urinary catheters or bladder diversions were excluded. Cytologic and CellDetect® results were compared based on cystoscopic findings and sensitivity and specifity analyses were done for each method. Results: For low-grade tumors, the sensitivity of CellDetect® was 66.7% and the sensitivity of cytology was 16.7% with a significant difference ( p < 0.05). For high-grade tumors, there were no significant difference between CellDetect® and cytology. Generally, CellDetect® had better sensitivity in both case and control groups. Conclusion: The promising results of CellDetect® particularly in low-grade tumors gives the potential for this novel stain to go widespread. Larger series, meta-analyses, and reviews need to support this topic in order to put CellDetect® into daily practice.
Feasibility and acceptability of a virtual diagnostic sleep disorders service: A qualitative study
Authors: Nielsen Camilla Littau , Clemensen Jane , Beier Christoph Patrick P 
Published: January 2023

Introduction The electronic collection of patient data is used for a large variety of conditions. The boundaries of its use in initial diagnostics and the extent to which it can replace specialist contact, however, remain vague. Our newly developed virtual diagnostic process for common sleep disorders involves digital questionnaire administration, neurophysiological diagnostic studies, and virtual consultation with a sleep specialist. In this study, we evaluated patients’ virtual diagnostic process experiences as part of a full evaluation of this process. Methods Patients who completed the virtual diagnostic process participated in online semi-structured interviews based on the following criteria: age ≥ 18 years, no obvious cognitive deficits, and access to the internet. Patients who did not complete the virtual diagnostic process were contacted by telephone and given the opportunity to explain why. Results Of the 24 patients included, 14 completed the virtual diagnostic process. Most participants understood the concept of the virtual diagnostic process, could navigate the process, and felt that the combined use of a questionnaire and virtual consultation was meaningful. Although participants could provide information as free text, the simplified closed questions, required for diagnostic classification, triggered feelings of insecurity and the inability to sufficiently describe symptoms, thereby evoking concern. All patients deemed the complementary personal contact important. Discussion The findings demonstrate that the virtual diagnostic process is feasible and highly accepted by most patients. However, (virtual) personal (telephone or video) contact is mandatory to address patients’ concerns. The virtual diagnostic process application evaluated here likely represents the outer limit of the use of electronic data collection in virtual diagnostic procedures.
Innovative and efficient preparation of high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber paper by centrifugal spinning
Authors: Wu Zhiyu , Qin Shuyi , Liu Yuemei , Hu Jun , Li Xing , Zhang Bowen , Zhang Chunhua , Zhang Ke , Sun Jiuxiao , Pan Heng , Liu Xin 
Published: January 2023

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) carbon fibers are often used to prepare high-performance paper-based materials owing to their high strength, good electrical and thermal conductivity, and superior comprehensive properties. In this study, a novel method for preparing PAN-based carbon fibers by centrifugal spinning was developed, and a stable and homogeneous PAN carbon fiber paper was successfully obtained. Subsequently, the formation process, microscopic morphology, electrical conductivity, electrochemical performance and hydrophobicity of the PAN carbon fiber paper were studied and evaluated. The results showed that the electrical conductivity of the PAN carbon fiber paper prepared via this method reached 43.250 s·cm−1, resistivity was as low as 0.023–0.033 Ω·cm, and contact angle exceeded 140°. This study adopted a new method to prepare PAN carbon fiber paper, which provided another method for the preparation of high-performance fiber paper.
Delayed appearance of basilar trunk small atypical aneurysms in nontraumatic, initially angiogram-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage: A report of three patients
Authors: Johnson William C , Webb Matthew R , Espinosa Jonathan W , Birnbaum Lee A , Rodriguez Pavel , Mascitelli Justin R 
Published: January 2023

Background Repeat angiography will identify vascular pathology in approximately 10% of cases following angiogram-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage (anSAH), but small atypical aneurysms of the basilar artery are very uncommon. Objective To report a case series of delayed appearance of nontraumatic basilar artery small atypical aneurysms. Methods IRB approval was obtained for this retrospective case series and patient consent was waived. Results Herein we report three cases of spontaneous anSAH, all of whom had a negative digital subtraction angiogram (DSA) on admission and all of whom had appearance of a small atypical aneurysms of the upper basilar trunk/apex on follow-up imaging (two during the initial admission and one in a delayed fashion). All three patients were ultimately treated with flow diversion (although one patient underwent attempted coiling that was abandoned due to inability to catheterize the aneurysm). Conclusion This report highlights the importance of a repeat DSA in cases of anSAH as well as the importance of scrutinizing the basilar trunk for these very small atypical aneurysms that may go unnoticed.
A narrative review of the application of machine learning in venous thromboembolism
Authors: Zou Shirong , Wu Zhoupeng 
Published: January 2023

Objective To summarize the current research progress of machine learning and venous thromboembolism. Methods The literature on risk factors, diagnosis, prevention and prognosis of machine learning and venous thromboembolism in recent years was reviewed. Results Machine learning is the future of biomedical research, personalized medicine, and computer-aided diagnosis, and will significantly promote the development of biomedical research and healthcare. However, many medical professionals are not familiar with it. In this review, we will introduce several commonly used machine learning algorithms in medicine, discuss the application of machine learning in venous thromboembolism, and reveal the challenges and opportunities of machine learning in medicine. Conclusion The incidence of venous thromboembolism is high, the diagnostic measures are diverse, and it is necessary to classify and treat machine learning, and machine learning as a research tool, it is more necessary to strengthen the special research of venous thromboembolism and machine learning.
Using medical expenditure panel survey data to explore the relationship between patient-centered medical homes and racial disparities in severe maternal morbidity outcomes
Authors: Tucker Curisa M , Bell Nathaniel , Corbett Cynthia F , Lyndon Audrey , Felder Tisha M 
Published: January 2023

Background: There are persistent racial/ethnic disparities in the occurrence of severe maternal morbidity. Patient-centered medical home care has the potential to address disparities in maternal outcomes. Objectives: To examine (1) the association between receiving patient-centered medical home care and severe maternal morbidity outcomes and (2) the interaction of race/ethnicity on patient-centered medical home status and severe maternal morbidity. Design/Methods: Using 2007 to 2016 data from the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey, we conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the association between receipt of care from a patient-centered medical home and the occurrence of severe maternal morbidity, and racial-specific (White, Black, Asian, Other) relative risks of severe maternal morbidity. Our study used race as a proxy measure for exposure racism. We identified mothers (⩾15 years) who gave birth during the study period. We identified patient-centered medical home qualities using 11 Medical Expenditures Panel Survey questions and severe maternal morbidities using medical claims, and calculated generalized estimating equation models to estimate odds ratios of severe maternal morbidity and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Among all mothers who gave birth ( N = 2801; representing 5,362,782 US lives), only 25% received some exposure patient-centered medical home care. Two percent experienced severe maternal morbidity, and this did not differ statistically ( p = 0.11) by patient-centered medical home status. However, our findings suggest a 85% decrease in the risk of severe maternal morbidity among mothers who were defined as always attending a patient-centered medical home (odds ratios: 0.15; 95% confidence interval:0.01–1.87; p = 0.14) and no difference in the risk of severe maternal morbidity among mothers who were defined as sometimes attending a patient-centered medical home (odds ratios: 1.00; 95% confidence interval:0.16–6.42; p = 1.00). There was no overall interaction effect in the model between race and patient-centered medical home groups ( p = 0.82), or ethnicity and patient-centered medical home groups ( p = 0.62) on the severe maternal morbidity outcome. Conclusion: While the rate of severe maternal morbidity was similar to US rates, few mothers received care from a patient-centered medical home which may be due to underreporting. Future research should further investigate the potential for patient-centered medical home-based care to reduce odds of severe maternal morbidity across racial/ethnic groups.
Insights from the AQUA Registry: a retrospective study of anticholinergic polypharmacy in the United States
Authors: Cooperberg Matthew R. , Mbassa Rachel , Walker David , Meeks William , Lockefeer Amy , Jiang Baoguo , Li Tina , Johnston Karissa , Fang Raymond 
Published: January 2023

Background: Anticholinergic (ACH) burden is a risk factor for negative health outcomes among older adults. Several medications contribute to ACH burden, including antimuscarinics used to manage overactive bladder (OAB). Objectives: This study aimed to understand the extent of ACH burden in an OAB population in the United States. Design: Non-interventional retrospective analysis. Methods: Adults with OAB whose care providers participated in the American Urological Association Quality (AQUA) Registry between 2014 and 2020 were included in this study. An adapted version of the Pharmacy Quality Alliance (PQA) measure of anticholinergic polypharmacy (poly-ACH) was used to assess ACH burden. The primary outcome was the annual prevalence of poly-ACH, and a secondary outcome was the percentage of patients taking 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or ⩾ 5 ACH medications by calendar year. Analyses were stratified by age category at diagnosis and sex. Results: The sample comprised 552,840 patients with OAB. The mean age at initial OAB diagnosis was 65.7 years (58.2% male; 57.4% white). Prevalence of poly-ACH was highest in 2015 (3.7%) and lowest in 2020 (1.9%). Patients prescribed no ACH medications made up the largest proportion of each cohort, while those prescribed five or more comprised the smallest. The trend of decreasing proportions of patients taking increasing numbers of ACH medications was consistent. The proportion of patients prescribed no ACH medications increased from 63.3% in 2014 to 74.6% in 2020. The percentage of those prescribed three or more ACHs remained largely unchanged. Poly-ACH was highest among younger individuals (< 65 years of age) and females; temporal trends were similar overall and within each age and sex stratum. Conclusion: In this study, poly-ACH in patients with OAB was relatively infrequent and decreased over the study period. Further evaluation of poly-ACH is needed to assess whether the study findings reflect increased awareness of the negative effects of poly-ACH.
Exploring Methodological Approaches of Experimental Studies in the Field of Neuroarchitecture: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rad Parastou Naghibi , Behzadi Farzaneh , Yazdanfar Seyed Abbas , Ghamari Hessam , Zabeh Erfan , Lashgari Reza 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: This systematic review aims to strengthen the relationship between architecture and neuroscience by classifying data measurement techniques in the field of neuroarchitecture with a focus on the most practical and common methodological approaches. It classifies data recording techniques in different architectural categories (e.g., interior, urban, built environment). Backgrounds: With regard to urban life developments and technological breakthroughs, studies of human interactions with environments have been expanding in recent years. Additionally, recent advances in neuroscience have allowed architects to find out more about human experiences in built environments, but there are few valid frameworks about what methodologies and instruments are more common to conduct experimental tasks in this interdisciplinary field. Methods: Twenty-eight experimental studies were selected based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses literature search extension (PRISMA) systematic review protocol and a comprehensive analysis. The task-space of selected articles was categorized into three subfields, namely, “interior design,” “urban design,” and “building design” based on environments and their stimuli. As for this context-based categorization, recording techniques and methodology were distinguished for each subfield division. Results: More than 50% of the studies were incorporated in the first two categories, and the EEG recording was the most frequently employed neuroimaging technique thanks to the technical efficacy of its setup and the high temporal resolution of its electrophysiological signals. Conclusion: In this study, a summary of techniques and methodological approaches applied in the field is provided in a nut shell, and a general framework of instruments is presented to help scholars to carry out more practical research in the future leading to designing built environments more efficiently.