bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulated effects of ferritin screening on C‐reactive protein levels in recruited blood donors
Authors: Turkulainen Esa , Ihalainen Jarkko , Arvas Mikko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFerritin is commonly measured to evaluate iron stores in the body. Some countries have added or considered adding ferritin lower bounds to donor eligibility criteria. Ferritin is also elevated by inflammation. The main goal of this study is to estimate how different ferritin cut‐offs would affect the proportion of donors with a C‐reactive protein (CRP) level over 3 mg/L, which is the decision limit of the highest chronic cardiovascular risk.Materials and MethodsTo simulate recruitment of new blood donors, we selected participants from two Finnish general population cohorts, namely FINRISK 1997 (n = 5369) and Health 2000 (n = 3278), that would likely fulfil the selection criteria of blood donation. We then calculated the proportion of individuals with high‐sensitivity CRP values above 3 mg/L, over a range of ferritin values.ResultsWe found that for several ferritin cut‐offs the proportion of potential donors with CRP > 3 mg/L would rise by a statistically significant amount. The trend was significant and similar for all subgroups but weaker for non‐menstruating women as well as men.ConclusionOur results show that screening a population of potential blood donors with ferritin cut‐offs raises the number of people with CRP > 3 mg/L within the blood donor population.
Heat Transfer Enhancement Due to Cold Cap Motion from Bubbling in a Waste Glass Melter
Authors: Guillen Donna P. , Abboud Alexander W. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to model the motion of a solid cold cap in a waste glass melter. Forced convection bubblers at the base of the melter release air into the molten glass, which forms large bubbles that travel upward to the cold cap and augment heat transfer from the glass to the cold cap. The CFD model employs the Navier–Stokes equations to solve for the fluctuating flowfield using a rigid body motion dynamic fluid body interaction module. This allows for movement of the floating body in response to the bubbling forces calculated at each time-step. The heat flux delivered to the cold cap by the convective bubbling is studied as a function of the normalized bubbling rate. Results for the moving cold cap are compared with the computed heat flux trends for a stationary cold cap. The heat flux delivered to the cold cap from the molten glass is 25% higher for the case with the moving cold cap as opposed to a stationary cold cap.
Development of Thermal Energy Storage Material From Blends of Jatropha Biodiesel and Paraffin Wax for Augmenting Freshwater Generation Capacity in a Solar Desalination System
Authors: Suraparaju Subbarama Kousik , Natarajan Sendhil Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Enhancing nocturnal productivity holds promise for boosting the effectiveness of solar desalination setups. Current research concentrates on an innovative strategy: the integration of paraffin wax and Jatropha biodiesel as a composite energy storage material (CESM) to amplify distilled water output during nighttime. The composite material, comprising Jatropha biodiesel and paraffin wax in a 1:1 ratio by weight, is meticulously examined for its impact on productivity, juxtaposed against a conventional solar still (CSS). Results reveal a substantial improvement in thermal conductivity with CESM, exhibiting a noteworthy 20.37%% surge compared to pure paraffin wax. Furthermore, a solar still with biodiesel and phase change material (SSBDPCM) is pitted against a CSS, with continuous monitoring of water and absorber temperatures alongside distillate production. The findings illustrate that SSBDPCM achieves a 16% upsurge in water temperature and a 10% elevation in absorber temperature compared to CSS. Impressively, SSBDPCM achieves a staggering 63% increase in distillate production, yielding 3.6 l/m2 and 3.4 l/m2, in sharp contrast to CSS, which only manages 2.2 l/m2 and 2.1 l/m2 over a two-day test period. Furthermore, a comprehensive cost analysis showcases the economic superiority of SSBDPCM over CSS. SSBDPCM demonstrates a compelling 29.2% reduction in cost per liter and a significant 25.9% decrease in the payback period in comparison to CSS. These compelling outcomes underscore the substantial potential of the SSBDPCM approach in delivering heightened efficiency and cost-effectiveness, paving the way for a promising advancement in solar stills.
Efficacy of Yoga for COVID-19 Stress Prophylaxis
Authors: Mitra Sudeep , Mitra Mousumi , Nandi Purna , Pandey Madhumita , Chakrabarty Mousumi , Saha Mantu , Nandi Dilip Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Background: The global COVID-19 lockdown restricted daily routines due to the psychological fear of infection, which imposed an unknown universal threat on female college students, affecting physiological health and well-being. However, scant information concerning the efficacy of yogic practice on female college students during the stressful COVID-19 pandemic situation is available. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial (n = 74, age = 21.65 [4.05] y), a study was conducted with a well-conceptualized yogic module for 5 days/week for 3 months (40 min daily in the morning) among yogic volunteers. Pre–post analysis of anthropometric, physiological, and biochemical indices in pandemic-stressed female college students was done for the control and yoga groups. Results: After 3 months of yogic practice, significant reduction (P < .05) in heart rate (d = 0.64, meandiff = 5.43), systolic blood pressure (d = 0.59, meandiff = 5.32), cortisol (d = 0.59, meandiff = 6.354), and triglycerides (P < .01, d = 0.45, meandiff = 13.95) was observed. After yogic follow-up significant improvement (P < .01) in high-frequency (d = 0.56, meandiff = −7.3), total power (d = 0.46, meandiff = −1150) and time domain parameters of heart rate variability led to ameliorate the stress index. Superoxide dismutase (P < .01, d = 0.78, meandiff = 0.69), catalase (P < .05, d = 0.48, meandiff = −7.37), glutathione (P < .001, d = 0.83, meandiff = −4.15), high-density lipoprotein (P < .05, d = 0.48, meandiff = −11.07), and dopamine (P < .001, d = 0.97, meandiff = −135.4) values along with inflammatory markers (P < .001) significantly improved among yogic volunteers after regular practice. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a 3-month well-conceptualized yogic intervention during COVID-19 may be considered as a prophylactic tool to improve female college students’ universal psychophysiological health by ameliorating autonomic functions, cardiometabolic risk factors, and immune metabolisms in an economical and environment-friendly manner.
De novo
circular genome assembly of
Elizabethkingia anophelis
found in the mosquito
Aedes aegypti
from an Australian colony
Authors: Filipović Igor , Rašić Gordana 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

We report the complete circular genome assembly of
Elizabethkingia anophelis
(Flavobacteriales) generated with the ONT and Illumina sequences from a laboratory-reared
Aedes aegypti
mosquito. This genome sequence does not belong to the lineage of known isolates from
Anopheles
mosquitoes, indicating that
E. anophelis
is genomically diverse across mosquito disease vectors.
Complete genomes of mutualistic bacterial co-symbionts “
Candidatus
Sulcia muelleri” and “
Candidatus
Nasuia deltocephalinicola” of the rice green leafhopper
Nephotettix cincticeps
Authors: Moriyama Minoru , Nishide Yudai , Toyoda Atsushi , Itoh Takehiko , Fukatsu Takema 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

The genomes of obligate bacterial co-symbionts of the green rice leafhopper
Nephotettix cincticeps
, which is notorious as an agricultural pest, were determined. The streamlined genomes of “
Candidatus
Sulcia muelleri” and “
Candidatus
Nasuia deltocephalinicola” exhibited complementary metabolic pathways for synthesizing essential nutrients that contribute to host adaptation.
Dihedral lattice gauge theories on a quantum annealer
Authors: Fromm Michael , Philipsen Owe , Winterowd Christopher 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study lattice gauge theory with discrete, non-Abelian gauge groups. We extend the formalism of previous studies on D-Wave’s quantum annealer as a computing platform to finite, simply reducible gauge groups. As an example, we use the dihedral group $D_{n}$

D
n

with $n=3,4$
n
=
3
,
4
on a two plaquette ladder for which we provide proof-of-principle calculations of the ground-state and employ the known time evolution formalism with Feynman clock states.
SGN-B6A: A New Vedotin Antibody–Drug Conjugate Directed to Integrin Beta-6 for Multiple Carcinoma Indications
Authors: Lyon Robert P. , Jonas Mechthild , Frantz Christopher , Trueblood Esther S. , Yumul Roma , Westendorf Lori , Hale Christopher J. , Stilwell Jackie L. , Yeddula Narayana , Snead Katie M. , Kumar Vineet , Patilea-Vrana Gabriela I. , Klussman Kerry , Ryan Maureen C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Integrin beta-6, a component of the heterodimeric adhesion receptor alpha-v/beta-6, is overexpressed in numerous solid tumors. Its expression has been shown by multiple investigators to be a negative prognostic indicator in diverse cancers including colorectal, non–small cell lung, gastric, and cervical. We developed SGN-B6A as an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) directed to integrin beta-6 to deliver the clinically validated payload monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) to cancer cells. The antibody component of SGN-B6A is specific for integrin beta-6 and does not bind other alpha-v family members. In preclinical studies, this ADC has demonstrated activity in vivo in models derived from non–small cell lung, pancreatic, pharyngeal, and bladder carcinomas spanning a range of antigen expression levels. In nonclinical toxicology studies in cynomolgus monkeys, doses of up to 5 mg/kg weekly for four doses or 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks for two doses were tolerated. Hematologic toxicities typical of MMAE ADCs were dose limiting, and no significant target-mediated toxicity was observed. A phase I first-in-human study is in progress to evaluate the safety and antitumor activity of SGN-B6A in a variety of solid tumors known to express integrin beta-6 (NCT04389632).
New pattern of nematode spermatogenesis revealed by ultrastructural observation of Anaplectus granulosus (Plectidae, Plectida)
Authors: Yushin Vladimir V. , Claeys Myriam , Bert Wim 
Published: August 2023

Summary
This paper presents the first comprehensive detailed transmission electron microscope observations of sperm development and structure of a plectid nematode. Sperm development of Anaplectus granulosus resembles that of nematodes of the order Rhabditida, known as the rhabditid pattern of spermatogenesis. It includes formation of complexes of fibrous bodies (FB) with membranous organelles (MO), which appear in spermatocytes; the complexes dissociate in the spermatids. The mature spermatozoa are bipolar cells subdivided into a pseudopod and a main cell body containing a nucleus with nine singlet centrioles, peripheral mitochondria and MOs. However, the development and structure of sperm in A. granulosus deviates remarkably from the common rhabditid pattern by an unusual early transformation of FBs into large amorphous masses in the spermatids; the subsequent formation of a concentric structure of immature spermatozoa with a predominant amorphous mass around the central nucleus and thin peripheral cytoplasm with organelles (MOs and mitochondria); and by the transformation of MO in mature spermatozoa into simple cisterns. Thus, the pattern of spermatogenesis of A. granulosus supports the close relations of Plectida and Rhabditida, but specific peculiarities of the sperm development delineate Plectida from Rhabditida and other orders.
Societal Hegemony and the Evolution of Masculinity in Francis Selormey’s The Narrow Path and Asare Konadu’s A Woman in Her Prime
Authors: Duncan Emmanuel Godfred Kobina Essel , Ennin Theresah Patrine 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Francis Selormey’s The Narrow Path and Asare Konadu’s A Woman in Her Prime are two novels that add to the rich Ghanaian literary tradition through their exploration of human relationships and the roles men play in these relationships. Despite gaining a cult readership, these texts have largely been ignored by scholars. This paper examines the men in these texts to reveal the images of masculinities presented and show whether or not they follow society’s hegemonic model or create their own paths. This paper argues that the societies presented by these novels do not allow for a rejection of hegemony, and the male characters in these novels unknowingly follow society’s ideal masculine values. By using the theory of masculinities as a character study tool, the differences in the gender performance of the male characters in the pre-colonial and colonial eras are made clear and control is established as an ideology of the colonial era.
Othering the Laughable
Authors: Anyaegbunam Chekwube 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article reviews the incongruity, the superiority, and the relief theories of humour. Challenging the dominant notion of humour as a coping mechanism, it explores humour’s potential for positive transformation. It investigates the uses of humour in Nigeria, including its social and even unsuspected psychological functions. It also inquires into the problem of a seeming rising incidence of unhappiness among Nigerians despite their much-vaunted humorous nature and despite the relief theory of humour being the dominant perspective in humour studies. By spotlighting the synergy of activism and art in humour, subliminal tendencies, and Nigerians’ distinct comic intelligence, the article attempts a nuanced analysis of the production and consumption of humour, with an accent on the growing activist-oriented humour on social media platforms, particularly Twitter. In contrast to traditional stand-up comedy, this activist-oriented humour is found to be generally geared towards real-time impact through a combined deployment of words and actions. The research puts forward illustrative examples of how social media humour has surpassed other more orthodox comedic practices and thereby engendered remarkable social and political impacts in Nigeria.
Narrowing the Blind Zone of the GPM Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar to Improve Shallow Precipitation Detection in Mountainous Areas
Authors: Shimizu Riku , Shige Shoichi , Iguchi Toshio , Yu Cheng-Ku , Cheng Lin-Wen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR), which consists of a Ku-band precipitation radar (KuPR) and a Ka-band precipitation radar (KaPR) on board the GPM Core Observatory, cannot observe precipitation at low altitudes near the ground contaminated by surface clutter. This near-surface region is called the blind zone. DPR estimates the clutter-free bottom (CFB), which is the lowest altitude not included in the blind zone, and estimates precipitation at altitudes higher than the CFB. High CFBs, which are common over mountainous areas, represent obstacles to detection of shallow precipitation and estimation of low-level enhanced precipitation. We compared KuPR data with rain gauge data from Da-Tun Mountain of northern Taiwan acquired from March 2014 to February 2020. A total of 12 cases were identified in which the KuPR missed some rainfall with intensity of >10 mm h−1 that was observed by rain gauges. Comparison of KuPR profile and ground-based radar profile revealed that shallow precipitation in the KuPR blind zone was missed because the CFB was estimated to be higher than the lower bound of the range free from surface echoes. In the original operational algorithm, CFB was estimated using only the received power data of the KuPR. In this study, the CFB was identified by the sharp increase in the difference between the received powers of the KuPR and the KaPR at altitude affected by surface clutter. By lowering the CFB, the KuPR succeeded in detection and estimation of shallow precipitation.

Significance Statement
The Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) on board the GPM Core Observatory cannot capture precipitation in the low-altitude region near the ground contaminated by surface clutter. This region is called the blind zone. The DPR estimates the clutter-free bottom (CFB), which is the lower bound of the range free from surface echoes, and uses data higher than CFB. DPR consists of a Ku-band precipitation radar (KuPR) and a Ka-band precipitation radar (KaPR). KuPR missed some shallow precipitation more than 10 mm h−1 in the blind zone over Da-Tun Mountain of northern Taiwan because of misjudged CFB estimation. Using both the KuPR and the KaPR, we improved the CFB estimation algorithm, which lowered the CFB, narrowed the blind zone, and improved the capability to detect shallow precipitation.
Plausible Drying and Wetting Scenarios for Summer in Southeastern South America
Authors: Mindlin Julia , Vera Carolina S. , Shepherd Theodore G. , Osman Marisol 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Summer rainfall trends in southeastern South America (SE-SA) have received attention in recent decades because of their importance for climate impacts. More than one driving mechanism has been identified for the trends, some of which have opposing effects. It is still not clear how much each mechanism has contributed to the observed trends or how their combined influence will affect future changes. Here, we address the second question and study how the CMIP6 summer SE-SA rainfall response to greenhouse warming can be explained by mechanisms related to large-scale extratropical circulation responses in the Southern Hemisphere to remote drivers (RDs) of regional climate change. We find that the regional uncertainty is well represented by combining the influence of four RDs: tropical upper-tropospheric amplification of surface warming, the delay in the stratospheric polar vortex breakdown date, and two RDs characterizing recognized tropical Pacific SST warming patterns. Applying a storyline framework, we identify the combination of RD responses that lead to the most extreme drying and wetting scenarios. Although most scenarios involve wetting, SE-SA drying can result if high upper-tropospheric tropical warming and early stratospheric polar vortex breakdown conditions are combined with low central and eastern Pacific warming. We also show how the definition of the SE-SA regional box can impact the results since the spatial patterns characterizing the dynamical influences are complex and the rainfall changes can be averaged out if these are not considered when aggregating. This article’s perspective and the associated methodology are applicable to other regions of the globe.

Significance Statement
Summer rainfall in southeastern South America (SE-SA) affects an area where around 200 million people live. The observed trends suggest long-term wetting, and most climate models predict a wetting response to greenhouse warming. However, in this work, we find that there is a physically plausible combination of large-scale circulation changes that can promote drying, which means SE-SA drying is a possibility that cannot be ignored. We also show that the definition of the SE-SA regional box can impact regional rainfall analysis since the spatial patterns characterizing the dynamical influences are complex and the changes can be averaged out if these are not considered when aggregating. This perspective and the associated methodology are applicable to other regions of the globe.
Nurses’ Rest Breaks and Fatigue: The Roles of Psychological Detachment and Workload
Authors: Sagherian Knar , McNeely Clea , Cho Hyeonmi , Steege Linsey M. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Rest breaks have been shown to reduce acute fatigue, yet not all nurses who take rest breaks report lower fatigue. Psychological detachment—letting go of work-related thoughts—during rest breaks and workload may be key factors in explaining this phenomenon. Objective: To examine the mediating role of psychological detachment during rest breaks and determine how workload moderated that pathway to lower acute fatigue among hospital nurses. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 1861 12-hour shift nurses who answered an online survey between July and September 2021. The survey included measures of occupational fatigue, psychological detachment from work, workload, and questions on breaks, work, health, and demographics. Structural equation modeling was used in Mplus 8.9 software to estimate the direct and indirect effects of rest breaks on acute fatigue at 3 levels of workload. Results: Nurses, on average, reported high acute fatigue, rarely experienced psychological detachment during rest breaks, and reported heavy workloads. Around 60% were able to sit down for a break on their last shift but with patient-care responsibilities. The relationship between taking a rest break and acute fatigue was fully mediated by psychological detachment from work. However, this relationship only held in the context of manageable workloads. Conclusion: Our findings showed that within-shift recovery is possible when nurses can psychologically detach from work during rest breaks. However, this within-shift recovery mechanism was disrupted for nurses with heavy workloads.
Five-year outcomes of off and on-pump CABG: Insights from PROMOTE Patency Trial
Authors: Sajja Lokeswara Rao , Sarkar Kunal , Mannam Gopichand , Padmanabhan Chandrasekhar , Narayan Pradeep , Kamtam Devanish NH , Balakrishna Nagalla , Kodali Venkata Krishna Kumar , Mulay Anvay , Peter Sanjeeth , Beri Prashanthi 
Published: August 2023

Background There are limited studies reporting follow-up outcome data comparing of off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) with on-pump (ONCAB) technique. The aim of the study was to report the 5-year clinical outcomes of OPCAB and ONCAB in a post hoc analysis of the PROMOTE patency trial. Methods From March 2016 through March 2017, a total of 321 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were randomised to either the off-pump or the on-pump technique. Data on all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), repeat revascularisation and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) were recorded. The composite and each of these individual outcomes are reported at 5-year interval. Results The mean follow-up period was 65.9 months (±3.39). A total of 275 (85.93%) patients followed up at the 5-year interval who underwent CABG by the off-pump ( n  =  158) and the on-pump ( n  =  162) technique. The all-cause mortality was 8.9% and 5.7% in ONCAB and OPCAB, respectively (hazard ratio [HR]  =  0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25–1.57, p  =  0.31). The composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal MI, non-fatal CVA, RRT and need for repeat revascularisation was comparable in both groups (7.1% vs. 11.9%, HR  =  0.57; 95% CI 0.25–1.31, p  =  0.18 in OPCAB and ONCAB, respectively). The rates of 5-year non-fatal MI ( p  =  0.2), non-fatal CVA ( p  =  0.36) and need for repeat revascularisation ( p  =  1) were similar in both groups. A sub-group analysis did not show any significant interaction or effect modification with either of the techniques. Conclusions The 5-year clinical outcomes of OPCAB are comparable to ONCAB in low-risk patients undergoing CABG. Off-pump coronary artery bypass had no additional benefit in any subgroup.