bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interspecific Comparison of Reproductive Strategies
Authors: Chivers Susan J. , Danil Kerri 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKnowledge of cetacean life history, morphology, and social behavior provides clues to the niche-specific adaptations that have evolved to maximize reproductive fitness. An essential component of a species’ life history is mating, particularly the sex-specific mating strategies that have evolved. Mating strategies vary within and among species reflecting phylogenetic constraints and the interplay of selective forces molding each species’ adaptations. The suite of cetacean mating strategies that have evolved ultimately determines how a species’ mating system operates. Thus, mating systems provide a unifying framework to compare and contrast cetacean strategies for reproduction and mating. Theory predicts that the degree of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) and the relative testes size of mammalian species will be good indicators of their mating system. However, interspecific and intraspecific variability in SSD and relative testes size reveal unique tradeoffs made in response to evolutionary pressures and ecological processes that result in exceptions to the theoretical predictions. In this chapter, we review current knowledge of cetacean reproductive biology and how that information furthers our understanding of their mating systems.
Non-conceptive Sexual Behavior in Cetaceans: Comparison of Form and Function
Authors: Ham Jackson R. , Lilley Malin K. , Manitzas Hill Heather M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNon-conceptive sexual behavior (NCSB) is phylogenetically widespread, having been documented in 35 of the 87 extant cetacean species, but function and form of NCSB have not been studied in comparative manner. Many cetacean species engage in NCSB across a wide variety of settings and contexts (e.g., play, sexual, affiliative). NCSB includes both social and non-social sexual behaviors, such as non-social masturbation on the environment or social same-sex thrusting toward a conspecific, but importantly, none of the behavior described as NCSB affords reproduction. While these two general categories encompass all sexual actions, the behaviors are diverse depending on species, social structure, and sex of the individual being observed. Social sexual behavior presumably has individual or social benefits. This chapter organizes what is known about NCSB in cetaceans by summarizing NCSB repertoires from peer-reviewed literature and discussing proposed functions (e.g., practice for reproduction, attracting opposite-sex mates, reducing the reproductive opportunities of same-sex conspecifics, reinforcing dominance relationships, alliance formation, reconciliation, and social tension reduction). Further, the form or behavioral repertoire, the sex of the individuals engaging in NCSB, the environment observed in, and whether NCSB was present or absent in general are noted from each of the articles reviewed. Overall, NCSB behavior observed across species shares similar elements (e.g., thrusting, lateral presentations) in both Mysticeti and Odontoceti. NCSB tends to be more prevalent among sexually immature compared to sexually mature individuals. Additionally, NCSB is more prevalent between male conspecifics compared to females when animals engage in same-sex NCSB. Interspecific NCSB has also been reported for a number of species. While most reports come from toothed whales, the limited observations of baleen whales have also found that many species engage in NCSB, making it likely that NCSB is included in the behavioral repertoire of most cetacean species. NCSB likely aids in forming and maintaining social relations and/or in the development of sexual repertoires in cetaceans, not unlike what has been proposed for primates. We hope this chapter sparks interest in comparative studies of NCSB and sheds light on the similarities of NCSB across species.
Introduction
Authors: Deng Xiujie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractParticle accelerators as photon sources are advanced tools in investigating the structure and dynamical properties of matter, and have enabled advances in science and technology for more than half a century. The present workhorses of these sources are storage ring-based synchrotron radiation facilities [1–3] and linear accelerator-based free-electron lasers (FELs) [4–7]. These two kinds of sources deliver light with high repetition rate and high peak brilliance and power, respectively. Some applications, however, do need high average power and high photon flux. Kilowatt extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light sources, for example, are urgently needed by the semiconductor industry for EUV lithography [8]. Another example is that to realize high energy resolution in synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), which is highly desired by fundamental condensed matter physics research, we need the initial radiation photon flux before monochromator is high enough. To obtain high average power and high photon flux, a high peak power or a high repetition rate alone is not sufficient. We need both of them simultaneously.
Condylar constrained and rotating hinged implants in revision knee arthroplasty show similar survivorship and clinical outcome: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Stroobant Lenka , de Taeye Thijmen , Byttebier Paul , Van Onsem Stefaan , Jacobs Ewoud , Burssens Arne , Victor Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeIn revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) ligament instability and bone defects might require more constraint implants such as a condylar constrained knee (CCK) or rotating hinged knee (RHK). When both implants are suitable, the choice remains controversial. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to compare the survivorship and clinical outcome between CCK and RHK in revision TKA.MethodsSystematic literature research was performed. Studies analysing the clinical outcome and/or survivorship of CCK and/or RHK in revision TKA were included. Clinical outcomes included the Knee Society Score, both clinical (KSCS) and functional (KSFS), range of motion (ROM) and reoperations. Survival was defined as the time free from removal or revision of the femoral and/or tibial component.ResultsA total of 40 articles analysing 4.555 knees were included. Survival did not differ between RHK and CCK implants (p = 0.6058), with, respectively, 91.6% and 89.8% survival after 5 years. Postoperative KSCS and KSFS were, respectively, 79.2 (SD 10.7) and 61.1 (SD 21.8) for the CCK group. Similar scores were noted for the RHK group with a KSCS of 80.2 (SD 14.1) and KSFS of 58.5 (SD 17.3). Postoperative ROM was similar for CCK (105.3°, SD 17.1°) and RHK patients (104.1°, SD 16.9°).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis revealed that both survivorship and clinical outcome are similar for CCK and RHK patients for whom both designs are technically suitable and indicated.Level of evidenceIV.
A framework for flexible and reconfigurable vision inspection systems
Authors: Lupi Francesco , Biancalana Michele , Rossi Andrea , Lanzetta Michele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReconfiguration activities remain a significant challenge for automated Vision Inspection Systems (VIS), which are characterized by hardware rigidity and time-consuming software programming tasks. This work contributes to overcoming the current gap in VIS reconfigurability by proposing a novel framework based on the design of Flexible Vision Inspection Systems (FVIS), enabling a Reconfiguration Support System (RSS). FVIS is achieved using reprogrammable hardware components that allow for easy setup based on software commands. The RSS facilitates offline software programming by extracting parameters from real images, Computer-Aided Design (CAD) data, and rendered images using Automatic Feature Recognition (AFR). The RSS offers a user-friendly interface that guides non-expert users through the reconfiguration process for new part types, eliminating the need for low-level coding. The proposed framework has been practically validated during a 4-year collaboration with a global leading automotive half shaft manufacturer. A fully automated FVIS and the related RSS have been designed following the proposed framework and are currently implemented in 7 plants of GKN global automotive supplier, checking 60 defect types on thousands of parts per day, covering more than 200 individual part types and 12 part families.
Left–Right Reversal Recurrently Evolved Regardless of Diaphanous-Related Formin Gene Duplication or Loss in Snails
Authors: Noda Takeshi , Satoh Noriyuki , Gittenberger Edmund , Asami Takahiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBilateria exhibit whole-body handedness in internal structure. This left–right polarity is evolutionarily conserved with virtually no reversed extant lineage, except in molluscan Gastropoda. Phylogenetically independent snail groups contain both clockwise-coiled (dextral) and counterclockwise-coiled (sinistral) taxa that are reversed from each other in bilateral handedness as well as in coiling direction. Within freshwater Hygrophila,Lymnaeawith derived dextrality havediaphanous related formin(diaph) gene duplicates, while basal sinistral groups possess onediaphgene. In terrestrial Stylommatophora, dextralBradybaenaalso havediaphduplicates. Defective maternal expression of one of those duplicates gives rise to sinistral hatchlings inLymnaeaand handedness-mixed broods inBradybaena, through polarity change in spiral cleavage of embryos. These findings led to the hypothesis thatdiaphduplication was crucial for the evolution of dextrality by reversal. The present study discovered thatdiaphduplication independently occurred four times and its duplicate became lost twice in gastropods. The dextrality ofBradybaenarepresents the ancestral handedness conserved across gastropods, unlike the derived dextrality ofLymnaea. Sinistral lineages recurrently evolved by reversal regardless of whetherdiaphhad been duplicated. Amongst the sevenformingene subfamilies,diaphhas most thoroughly been conserved across eukaryotes of the 14 metazoan phyla and choanoflagellate. Severe embryonic mortalities resulting from insufficient expression of the duplicate in both ofBradybaenaandLymnaeaalso support thatdiaphduplicates bare general roles for cytoskeletal dynamics other than controlling spiralian handedness. Our study rules out the possibility thatdiaphduplication or loss played a primary role for reversal evolution.
The Effect of Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Weight Loss and Resolution of Obesity‐Related Disorders After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Abdalla Thaer S. A. , Giannou Anastasios D. , Abdalla Ahmed S. A. , Izbicki Jakob R. , Dupreé Anna , Mann Oliver , Wolter Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients undergoing bariatric surgery have a high incidence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the effect of NAFLD or non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) on the weight loss and resolution of obesity‐related disorders is a matter of debate.MethodsIn this study, we compare the long‐term outcomes after bariatric with the presence of NAFLD in the liver biopsy at the time of surgery.ResultsThe follow‐up was available for 226 out of 288 patients. The mean follow‐up time was 24.9 (± 13.6) months. The baseline histology showed that 112 patients (38.9%) had no NASH, 70 (24.3%) were borderline, and 106 (36.8%) had NASH. At follow‐up, the mean BMI dropped from (52 ± 10.2) to (36.6 ± 8) kg/m 2. Excess weight loss (EWL) was similar in all NAFLD groups. Type 2 diabetes mellitus dropped from 35.7 to 11.4%, hypertension from 65.6 to 36.7%, hyperlipidemia from 62.3 to 33%, and obstructive sleep apnea from 37.5 to 14.9%. Only hyperlipidemia was significantly associated with NASH compared to the groups with no NASH or borderline NASH (p value = 0.002 and p value = 0.04, respectively) during the first two years of follow‐up.ConclusionThe beneficial effects of bariatric surgery are evident across all patients with NAFLD. Patients with NASH have comparable outcomes regarding weight loss and resolution of obesity‐related comorbidities.
Potential value of mitochondrial regulatory pathways in the clinical application of clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a machine learning-based study
Authors: Qi Xiaochen , Ge Yangyang , Yang Ao , Liu Yuanxin , Wang Qifei , Wu Guangzhen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Renal clear cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common cancer in urinary system with increasing incidence. At present, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are the main therapeutic programs in clinical therapy. To develop novel drugs and provide new ideas for clinical therapy, the identification of potential ccRCC subtypes and potential target genes or pathways has become a current research focus.

Aim
The aim of this study was to explore the underlying mechanisms of mitochondrial function in ccRCC. This regulatory pathway is closely related to tumor development and metastasis in ccRCC patients, and their abnormal changes may affect the prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, we decided to construct a prognostic model of ccRCC patients based on mitochondrial regulatory genes, aiming to provide new methods and ideas for clinical therapy.

Result
The 5-year survival prediction model based on iterative LASSO reached 0.746, and the cox model based on coxph reached C-index = 0.77, integrated c/D AUC = 0.61, and integrated brier score = 0.14. The rsf model based on randomForestSRC was built with C-index = 0.82, integrated c/D AUC = 0.69, and integrated brier score = 0.11. The results show that mitochondrial regulatory pathway is a potential target pathway for clinical therapy of ccRCC, which can provide guidelines for clinical targeted therapy, immunotherapy and other first-line therapy.
Realistic sensor simulations for the digital twin
Authors: Ubezio Barnaba , Ergun Serkan , Zangl Hubert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDigital twins use actual sensor data to replicate the current state of a plant in a virtual model. They can be used to evaluate the current state, predict future behavior, and thus allow to refine control or optimize operation, enable predictive maintenance as well as detection of anomalies and failures.The model of a digital twin includes models of the components, behaviors and dynamics of a system. With the ability to simulate real scenarios, such models can therefore also be used before a plant is actually implemented, e.g., to predict the actual performance, identify potential issues for the implementation and to develop optimal operation strategy and algorithms. Furthermore, interfaces may be defined, implemented, and tested with such models allowing fast and easy commissioning of the physical implementation.Accurate digital twins therefore also need to include realistic sensor models, considering adverse effects that impact their output signals. The proposed work presents approaches for accurate sensor simulations allowing researchers and industries to assess sensor performance, optimize algorithms, and evaluate system-level integration. We address Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar sensors and time-of-flight cameras as examples for far-field sensors and capacitive sensors as an example for near-field sensors. The approaches can be transferred to other sensors, e.g., ultrasound sensors, LiDAR sensors and inductive or magnetic sensors so that a wide range of industrial sensors can be covered.The proposed simulations are benchmarked with different tests, including real-world experiments and compared with the corresponding real sensors.
Characteristics of paraspinal muscle degeneration in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Liu Linyan , Chen Ziyu , Ma Boyuan , Fu Xuanhao , Cheng Yuelin , Kan Shunli , Liu Chengjiang , Zhao Xinyan , Feng Sa , Jiang Zehua , Zhu Rusen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) is a 3D deformity that greatly affects the quality of life of patients and is closely related to the quality of paraspinal muscles (PSMs), but the specific degenerative characteristics have not been described.

Methods
This study included ADS patients who were first diagnosed in our hospital from 2018 to 2022. Muscle volume (MV) and fat infiltration (FI) of PSM were measured by 3D reconstruction, and spinal parameters were assessed by X-ray. The values of convex side (CV) and concave side (CC) were compared.

Results
Fifty patients were enrolled with a mean age of 64.1 ± 5.8 years old. There were significant differences in MV, FI, and Cobb angle between male and female groups. The MV of MF and PS on the CC was significantly larger than that on the CV. In the apex and the segments above the apex, the FI of the MF on the CC is greater than the CV, and in the CV of the segment below the apex, the FI of the MF is greater than the CC. Besides, there was a significant positive correlation between the FI and Cobb angle in the MF of the CC-CV.

Conclusion
There were significant differences in the MV and FI of PSM on both sides of the spine in ADS patients. It was determined that the PSM of ADS showed different degrees of degeneration in different levels of the lumbar spine and were positively correlated with Cobb angle.
Explaining improvement in diabetes distress: a longitudinal analysis of the predictive relevance of resilience and acceptance in people with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Lehmann Gina , Ziebell Philipp , Schmitt Andreas , Kulzer Bernhard , Hermanns Norbert , Ehrmann Dominic 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aims
To analyze if midterm improvement in diabetes distress can be explained by resilience, diabetes acceptance, and patient characteristics.

Methods
N = 179 adults with type 1 diabetes were enrolled during their stay at a tertiary diabetes center (monocentric enrolment) and followed up over three months in a prospective, observational study (‘DIA-LINK1’). Improvement in diabetes distress was assessed as reduction in the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale score from baseline to follow-up. Resilience (Resilience Scale-13), acceptance (Diabetes Acceptance Scale), and patient characteristics were analyzed as predictors of improvement in diabetes distress using hierarchical multiple regression.

Results
Greater reductions in diabetes distress were significantly explained by lower diabetes acceptance at baseline (β = −0.34, p < 0.01), while resilience, diabetes complications, and other person-related variables were not significantly related to changes in diabetes distress (all p > 0.05). When change in diabetes acceptance from baseline to follow-up was added to the model, improved diabetes distress was explained by increasing diabetes acceptance (β = 0.41, p < 0.01) and a shorter duration of diabetes (β = -0.18, p = 0.03), while baseline diabetes acceptance was no longer significantly associated (β = −0.14, p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Diabetes acceptance is inversely related to diabetes distress, and increasing acceptance explained greater improvement in diabetes distress. These findings suggest that increasing diabetes acceptance may facilitate the reduction of diabetes distress. Treatment approaches targeting acceptance might be useful for the mental healthcare of people with type 1 diabetes and clinically elevated diabetes distress.
Early surgery versus conservative treatment in patients with traumatic intracerebral hematoma: a CENTER-TBI study
Authors: van Erp Inge A. M. , van Essen Thomas A. , Lingsma Hester , Pisica Dana , Singh Ranjit D. , van Dijck Jeroen T. J. M. , Volovici Victor , Kolias Angelos , Peppel Lianne D. , Heijenbrok-Kal Majanka , Ribbers Gerard M. , Menon David K. , Hutchinson Peter , Depreitere Bart , Steyerberg Ewout W. , Maas Andrew I. R. , de Ruiter Godard C. W. , Peul Wilco C. ,   the CENTER-TBI Investigators, Participants
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Evidence regarding the effect of surgery in traumatic intracerebral hematoma (t-ICH) is limited and relies on the STITCH(Trauma) trial. This study is aimed at comparing the effectiveness of early surgery to conservative treatment in patients with a t-ICH.

Methods
In a prospective cohort, we included patients with a large t-ICH (< 48 h of injury). Primary outcome was the Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) at 6 months, analyzed with multivariable proportional odds logistic regression. Subgroups included injury severity and isolated vs. non-isolated t-ICH.

Results
A total of 367 patients with a large t-ICH were included, of whom 160 received early surgery and 207 received conservative treatment. Patients receiving early surgery were younger (median age 54 vs. 58 years) and more severely injured (median Glasgow Coma Scale 7 vs. 10) compared to those treated conservatively. In the overall cohort, early surgery was not associated with better functional outcome (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.1, (95% CI, 0.6–1.7)) compared to conservative treatment. Early surgery was associated with better outcome for patients with moderate TBI and isolated t-ICH (AOR 1.5 (95% CI, 1.1–2.0); P value for interaction 0.71, and AOR 1.8 (95% CI, 1.3–2.5); P value for interaction 0.004). Conversely, in mild TBI and those with a smaller t-ICH (< 33 cc), conservative treatment was associated with better outcome (AOR 0.6 (95% CI, 0.4–0.9); P value for interaction 0.71, and AOR 0.8 (95% CI, 0.5–1.0); P value for interaction 0.32).

Conclusions
Early surgery in t-ICH might benefit those with moderate TBI and isolated t-ICH, comparable with results of the STITCH(Trauma) trial.
Fast Claisen condensation reaction optimization in a continuous flow reactor
Authors: Michałek Stanisław , Powała Antoni , Gurba-Bryśkiewicz Lidia , Piórkowska Natalia , Olejkowska Patrycja , Yamani Abdellah , Ochal Zbigniew , Dubiel Krzysztof , Wieczorek Maciej 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn our previous study, we described the batch synthesis of CPL304110, an innovative pan-FGFR inhibitor. Herein, we transferred the Claisen condensation reaction, one of the synthesis steps to a continuous flow reactor. A simple solvent switch from ethanol to tetrahydrofuran shortened the original reaction time from 20 h to 10 min. With the use of the design of experiment method and program Statistica®, we optimized reaction parameters and increased the reaction yields from 73 to 84% with greatly shortened reaction times (20 h vs. 2 min), improved productivity (74.4 g h−1), and increased space–time yield (3720 kg h−1 m−3).
Graphical abstract