bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning Complex Nonlinear Physical Systems Using Wavelet Neural Operators
Authors: Guo Yanan , Cao Xiaoqun , Leng Hongze , Song Junqiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Nonlinear science is a fundamental area of physics research that investigates complex dynamical systems, which are often characterized by high sensitivity and nonlinear behaviors. Numerical simulation plays a pivotal role in nonlinear science, serving as a critical tool for revealing the underlying principles governing these systems. In addition, it plays a crucial role in accelerating progress across various fields, such as climate modeling, weather forecasting, and fluid dynamics. However, their high computational cost limits their application in high-precision or long-duration simulations. In this study, we propose a novel datadriven approach for simulating complex physical systems, particularly turbulent phenomena. Specifically, we develop an effcient surrogate model based on the Wavelet Neural Operator (WNO). Experimental results demonstrate that the enhanced WNO model can accurately simulate small-scale turbulent flows while using lower computational costs. In simulations of complex physical fields, the improved WNO model outperforms established deep learning models, such as U-Net, ResNet, and the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO), in terms of accuracy. Notably, the improved WNO model exhibits exceptional generalization capabilities, maintaining stable performance across a wide range of initial conditions and high-resolution scenarios without retraining. This study highlights the significant potential of the enhanced WNO model for simulating complex physical systems, providing strong evidence to support the development of more effcient, scalable, and high-precision simulation techniques.
Phase transition in evolving networks that combine preferential attachment and random node deletion
Authors: Budnick Barak , Biham Ofer , Katzav Eytan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Analytical results are presented for the structure of networks that evolve via a preferential-attachment-random-deletion (PARD) model in the regime of overall network growth and in the regime of overall contraction. The phase transition between the two regimes is studied. At each time step a node addition and preferential attachment step takes place with probability

P

add

, and a random node deletion step takes place with probability

P

del

=
1
−

P

add

. The balance between growth and contraction is captured by the parameter

η
=

P

add

−

P

del

, which in the regime of overall network growth satisfies

0
<
η
⩽
1

and in the regime of overall network contraction

−
1
⩽
η
<
0

. Using the master equation and computer simulations we show that for

−
1
<
η
<
0

the time-dependent degree distribution

P
t

(
k
)

converges towards a stationary form

P

st

(
k
)

which exhibits an exponential tail. This is in contrast with the power-law tail of the stationary degree distribution obtained for

0
<
η
⩽
1

. Thus, the PARD model has a phase transition at η = 0, which separates between two structurally distinct phases. At the transition, for η = 0, the degree distribution exhibits a stretched exponential tail. While the stationary degree distribution in the phase of overall growth represents an asymptotic state, in the phase of overall contraction

P

st

(
k
)

represents an intermediate asymptotic state of a finite life span, which disappears when the network vanishes.
The joint distribution of first return times and of the number of distinct sites visited by a 1D random walk before returning to the origin
Authors: Gruda Mordechai , Biham Ofer , Katzav Eytan , Kühn Reimer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present analytical results for the joint probability distribution

P
(

T

FR

=
t
,
S
=
s
)

of first return (FR) times t and of the number of distinct sites s visited by a random walk (RW) on a one dimensional lattice before returning to the origin. The RW on a one dimensional lattice is recurrent, namely the probability to return to the origin is

P

R

=
1

. However the mean

⟨

T

FR

⟩

of the distribution

P
(

T

FR

=
t
)

of FR times diverges. Similarly, the mean

⟨
S
⟩

of the distribution

P
(
S
=
s
)

of the number of distinct sites visited before returning to the origin also diverges. The joint distribution

P
(

T

FR

=
t
,
S
=
s
)

provides a formulation that controls these divergences and accounts for the interplay between the kinetic and geometric properties of FR trajectories. We calculate the conditional distributions

P
(

T

FR

=
t

|

S
=
s
)

and

P
(
S
=
s

|

T

FR

=
t
)

. Using moment generating functions and combinatorial methods, we find that the conditional expectation value of FR times of trajectories that visit s distinct sites is

E

[

T

FR

|

S
=
s
]
=

2
3

(

s
2

+
s
+
1
)

, and the variance is

Var
(

T

FR

|

S
=
s
)
=

4
45

(
s
−
1
)
(
s
+
2
)
(

s
2

+
s
−
1
)

. We also find that in the asymptotic limit, the conditional expectation value of the number of distinct sites visited by an RW that first returns to the origin at time

t
=
2
n

is

E

[
S

|

T

FR

=
2
n
]
≃

π
n

, and the variance is

Var
(
S

|

T

FR

=
2
n
)
≃
π

(

π
3

−
1
)

n

. These results go beyond the important recent results of Klinger et al (2022 Phys. Rev. E 105 034116), who derived a closed form expression for the generating function of the joint distribution, but did not go further to extract an explicit expression for the joint distribution itself. The joint distribution provides useful insight on the efficiency of random search processes, in which the aim is to cover as many sites as possible in a given number of steps. A further challenge will be to extend this analysis to higher-dimensional lattices, where the FR trajectories exhibit complex geometries.
An FPGA-agnostic system for achieving picosecond-level phase determinism in timing distribution links for High Energy Physics experiments
Authors: Orzes E. , Baron S. , Mendes E. , Rusack R. , Eberle Z. , Saradhy R. , Tousi Y. , Frahm E. , Martina F. , Vichoudis P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Picosecond-level phase determinism in timing distribution systems is a requirement for future detectors in High Energy Physics. FPGA transceivers traditionally used to propagate timing signals generally do not meet this stringent requirement, suffering from phase jumps at startup and from drifts due to temperature variations. While ad hoc solutions have been developed using FPGA features to measure and correct for phase shifts, they remain FPGA specific and therefore cannot be generalized to all types of timing links. This paper presents a study using discrete components to monitor and correct for phase drift, allowing for an implementation of a generic deterministic link.
Visualization analysis of high voltage pulsed electric field based on Web of Science database
Authors: He Yuchun , Liu Jiali , Yue Ziyan , Yu Qiuyu , Wang Tengfei , Zhu Yingchun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To deeply understand the development status and research
hotspots of high voltage pulsed electric field (HVPEF) technology,
this paper takes the Web of Science (WOS) core collection Science
Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) database as the literature
source, and sets `high voltage pulsed electric field' as the keyword
search. The collected 3041 articles
(January 1, 1990–December 31, 2022) were used as the research
object. CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to visually
analyze the number of publications, citations, authors,
institutions, journals, countries, disciplines, and keywords, and
draw a visual map to explore the development context and content
evolution of the technology on a global scale. It is found that the
HVPEF technology is in a stage of rapid development, and the number
of published papers and citations of relevant literature is on the
rise. This field has been centered on China and the United States,
forming a closely cooperative academic research network. There is
also a close cooperative relationship between different authors and
institutions. In addition, the research on HVPEF is mainly applied
to physics, plasma, etc., but food, materials, and other disciplines
are also involved. The research content extends from the PEF itself
to cells, microorganisms, etc., and gradually from principle-based
research to the use of technology to achieve the purpose. In recent
years, the research on the extraction of active compounds assisted
by PEF is increasing, which is likely to become one of the future
research hotspots in this field. In summary, the HVPEF is receiving
more and more attention, and has a very good research and
application prospect.
GRAPH — an readout ASIC for large MCP based detectors
Authors: Seljak A. , Vallerga J. , Liu G. , Raffanti R. , Varner G.S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present a programmable 16 channel, mixed signal, low power readout ASIC, having the project historically named Gigasample Recorder of Analog waveforms from a PHotodetector (GRAPH). It is designed to read large aperture single photon imaging detectors using micro channel plates for charge multiplication, and measuring the detector's response on crossed strips anodes to extrapolate the incoming photon position.

Each channel consists of a fast, low power and low noise charge sensitive amplifier, which provides a myriad of coarse and fine programmable options for gain and shaping settings. Further, the amplified signal is recorded using, to our knowledge novel, the Hybrid Universal sampLing Architecture (HULA) ADC. A kind of mixed signal double buffer memory, that enables concurrent waveform recording, and selected event digitized data extraction. The sampling frequency is freely adjustable between few kHz up to 125 MHz, while the chip's internal digital memory holds a history 2048 samples for each channel, with a digital headroom of 12 bits.

An optimized region of interest sample-read algorithm allows to extract the information just around the event pulse peak, while selecting the next event, thus substantially reducing the operational dead time.
The chip is designed in 130 nm TSMC CMOS technology, and its power consumption is around 47 mW per channel.
Systematic Mapping of Green Technology Research Trends in Libraries
Authors: Rifqi A N , Puspita A G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Increasing awareness of the enviromental crisis and climate change has driven various sectors, including libraries, to adopt principles of green technology and sustainable libraries. This article aims to map research trends on green technology in libraries using bibliometric analysis. The study employs a systematic approach with the data taken from three databases: Emerald, Wiley, and Proquest. In this study, data was gathered by searching for keywords like “green library” AND “technology” and “sustainable technology” AND “library,” targeting titles and abstracts of articles published between 2015 and 2024. This initial search produced 22,786 articles, which were then carefully narrowed down to a final selection of 57 articles. The results of the study show that publications on green technology in libraries remain limited, with peak in 2019. Visual analysis shows that sustainability is a central theme, closely linked to libraries, sustainable development and green libraries. In addition the study recommends further research on topic such as carbon footprint, energy efficiency, and e-waste management. This research also identifies the most productive authors, countries, and journals in the field.
PCR Detection of Ratoon Stunting Disease in Sugarcane Nursery
Authors: Wijayanti K S , Hidayah N , Yulianti T , Windiastika G , Supriyono  
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Disease detection of sugarcane nurseries is very important because it could prevent the spread of systemic diseases that are carried from the nursery to the production fields. One of the diseases transmitted by seed is Ratoon Stunting Disease (RSD) caused by a bacterial pathogen, Leifsonia xyli sub.sp. xyli. In this study Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was used to detect the existence of RSD on a collection of sugarcane clones. The purpose of this study is to ensure that sugarcane varieties in nursery are free from RSD. The PCR method began with DNA extraction of three varieties of sugarcane collection. DNA is extracted from stalk and midribs of sugarcane leaves. The results of DNA extraction were then carried out by PCR using specific primers, they are Cxx1 and Cxx2. The PCR results will be proceed to electroforesis step to optain the DNA band. Sugarcane samples consisted of three clones, namely A1, A2, and A3. The samples were isolated from sugarcane stems and midribs. The aged of sugarcane clones used in the study was about 3 months. The results showed that three sugarcane clones wear positive for RSD.
Effect of Heating Time and Temperature on the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in vegetable oil
Authors: Mahmudah R , Syarifullah M S , Sari W E M , Rofiqi I , Fasya A G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Herbal oil of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) vegetable oil extract was identified to contain secondary metabolite compounds such as curcumin and total phenol content which has the potential as an antioxidant and antibacterial. This study aimed to determine the total phenol, carotenoid, and β-carotene content in turmeric rhizome extract in Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) and Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). The method used for extracting was hot maceration, with variations in heating times of 4, 5, and 6 hours and variations in temperature of 50, 60, and 70 °C. Using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the extracted herbal oil was determined for total phenol, carotenoid, and β-carotene content. The study found that the amounts of phenols, carotenoids, and β-carotene were higher in turmeric VCO extract compared to turmeric EVOO extract. The top amount of phenol in 40% turmeric extract in VCO was 11.4% b/b GAE at 70°C and extraction time of 70°C and 4 hours. The most carotenoids found in turmeric extract in VCO were 342.18 ppm when extracted at 50°C for 5 hours. The turmeric extract in EVOO had the most β-carotene content at 9.83 ppm when extracted at 70 °C for 6 hours.
Endophytic Fungi from Magnolia liliifera (L.) Baill.: Identification, Histological Observation and Content Analysis of Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Hastuti U S , Sulisetijono S , Zahida N S , Labibah S B , Abdini A , Sulistiyowati N , Arlan L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The objectives of this research are to: determine the position and identify the endophytic fungi in the M. liliifera, and analyze secondary metabolites contents. The plant parts was rinsed and soaked in 1% NaOCl, dipped within 70% alcohol, rinsed with destiled water. The plant parts were cutted, inoculated on the PDA medium, incubated for 7 days. The fungi cultures inoculated on PDB medium, shook for 7 days, centrifugated for detect the secondary metabolites contents. The research results are: The nine endophytic fungi species were found on the branch, leaf, and twig bark are: Papulospora sp., Mycelia sterilia, Acremonium strictum W. Gams, Cladosporium herbarum (Pers.) Link, Colletotrichum sp., Haplosporangium Thaxt, Asetoa abotens, Humicola sp. and Paecyilomyces sp; the endophytic fungi species found in the leaf, branch, and twig bark tissues; the secondary metabolites produce by each endophytic fungi, in the content ranged of: the terpenoid content ranged: 14,69-30,48 mg/L; the flavonoid content ranged: 105,70-220,55 mg/L; the tannin content ranged: 41,37-85,11 mg/L; the alkaloid content ranged: 19,18-40,06 mg/L; and the saponin content ranged: 16,15-33,04 mg/L. The endophytic fungi lived in the M. liliifera in symbiotic mutualism interaction. The eco-friendly antibiotic source could be obtained from the endophytic fungi liquid cultures.
Iron (Fe) Phytoremediation by Hydrilla verticillata and Its Antibacterial Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus: An In-vitro and In-silico Study
Authors: Fasya A G , Aminata F A , Fouzy M , Azizah Z N , Mahmudah R , Kadarani D K , Amalia S , Megawati D S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential for nutrition but excessive accumulation can be harmful to humans and the environment. Additionally, unhealthy aquatic environments can lead to bacterial diseases, such as those caused by Staphylococcus aureus. This study explores the potential of Hydrilla verticillata, an aquatic plant often deemed a nuisance, for iron (Fe) phytoremediation and antibacterial applications. The research assesses the impact of various iron concentrations on the remediation efficiency of Hydrilla verticillata, measuring parameters such as iron absorption percentage, Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), and Translocation Factor (TF). It also evaluates the plant’s antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus using in-vitro and in-silico methods. The results indicate that Hydrilla verticillata effectively remediates iron, with the highest absorption rate at 98.99% at a concentration of 30 ppm. The BCF for leaves and stems were 560.999 at 10 ppm and 161.197 at 30 ppm, respectively, while the TF was 6.087 at 15 ppm. The antibacterial activity was 8.313 mm at 10 ppm, and molecular docking revealed that the compound phytol has a binding affinity of −6,0 kcal/mol. This research highlights Hydrilla verticillata’s dual role in environmental remediation and antibacterial activity.
Identification of Aquifer Layers Using Geoelectric Methods Based on Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) in Dengkol Village
Authors: Luthfin A , Izza L , Alfania I N , Irjan  , Munir M M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dengkol Village, Malang Regency, East Java, is an area that is known to be difficult to get water sources or is a red zone for well drillers, because there are several excavation points that fail to get water. The depth of the existing well is close to 100m, dominated by hard rock, so drilling costs in this area are quite expensive. This research aims to determine the depth of the aquifer layer at the research location, so that it can be used as a reference in drilling wells at that location. This research was carried out using the geoelectric VES method with a schlumberger configuration and an electrode path length of 400 meters. The research results show that the subsurface lithology in Dengkol Village consists of clay rock, alluvium, tuff breccia at a depth of 0,7-4,24 m with rock resistivity value of 6892 Ωm and a depth of 30.5 – 46,3 m with a rock resistivity value of 521 Ωm, is a layer of hard rock. Sandstone rock at a depth of 46,3 – 167 m with a rock resistivity value of 3,95 Ωm is an aquifer layer.
Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidinones via Biginelli Reaction by Using Molecular Iodine as Environmentally Friendly Catalyst
Authors: Fadlan A , Pratama L Y , Ilfahmi Y A , Seviani W , Masitoh H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-ones has been the focus of much interest since they exhibited various biological activities with pharmacology potentials (antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory). Dihydropyrimidinones could be produced straightforwardly through a one-pot three-component Biginelli reaction involving β-ketoester, aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde, and urea in ethanol under strong acidic conditions with reflux. However, this reaction has drawbacks and pollutes the environment due to the use of strong mineral acids and the production of hostile and toxic wastes that are environmentally unfriendly. Molecular iodine emerges as an environment-benign catalyst, which is non-toxic, mild, inexpensive, and readily available. The present paper reports the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones by using molecular iodine via Biginelli multicomponent reaction under reflux. The reaction between benzaldehyde or vanillin, ethyl acetoacetate, and urea produced ethyl 6-methyl-2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate 4a and ethyl 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate 4b in 50 and 54% yields, respectively. This protocol provides an alternative route to access dihydropyrimidinones using commercially available iodine as a catalyst. The structure of the synthesized compounds was established by spectroscopic methods (FTIR, NMR, HRMS).
Comparative Analysis of Concrete and Asphalt Pavement Damage on Trengguli-Kudus Road Using 2D-Resistivity and GPR Methods
Authors: Jannah A N , Narinda A P , Warnana D D , Lestari W 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In recent years, the Trengguli-Kudus Road in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia has frequently experienced damage, even after repeated repairs. This road is located on one of the main transportation routes on the island of Java, so it requires more attention and maintenance. This study aims to identify and compare road damage of concrete and asphalt pavement using geophysical methods, 2D-resistivity with Wenner-Schlumberger configuration and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) at KM 39+600 and 39+850. Secondary data from borehole logs and pit test results were also used as validation in the interpretation process. The types of damage identified from GPR processing results indicate that asphalt pavement showed signs of rutting, distortion, cracking, and settlement, while concrete pavement exhibited cracking and settlement. This settlement is also supported by the 3D resistivity cross-section, where the clay layer appears to dip southward, suggesting material movement toward the river. The suspected causes of recurrent damage at the study site are the characteristics of the soft subgrade and overloading. From the radargram response comparison, it is concluded that damage in concrete pavement is more clearly visible, consistent with field conditions and the stiffer nature of concrete, which is more prone to cracking. For national road with high traffic load, suggested that it is better to use concrete pavement as it is more rigid than asphalt. In this road, the subgrade maintaining also should be done to strengthen the pavement above it.
Eco-cultural mapping for the sustainable development of the historical-cultural tourism area of Sumberawan temple
Authors: Titisari E Y , Antariksa  , Firsandy B A , Paramadhyaksa I N W 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Sumberawan Temple should be developed as a tourism destination in a sustainable paradigm, incorporating various factors such as nature, history, and culture. This requires the creation of an eco-cultural mapping database that includes information about ecology, history, and culture. The purpose of this research is to identify, compile, and map Sumberawan Temple’s eco-cultural data. The research was carried out in stages, beginning with field observations, followed by compilation and categorization using the Cultural Heritage Indicator and the Terraphilia model. Data were gathered through asset and community identification mapping, field surveys, and community interactions. The data collected includes both permanent cultural materials (spatial fixes) and new elements that add to Sumberawan Temple’s cultural landscape (spatial flows). The map was created using ArcGIS, and the data was compiled on it. The results of the study show that Sumberawan Temple has a number of assets where spatial fixes and spatial flows have formed a cultural landscape that supports its function as a ‘angel’s paradise garden’ as well as water resource preservation. The element of spatial flows shows the strengthening of the recreative function. The preparation of eco-cultural mapping also increases public awareness and stakeholders of the ecological and cultural assets of Sumberawan Temple.