bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid Metal Patterning and Unique Properties for Next‐Generation Soft Electronics
Authors: Kim Minwoo , Lim Hyungjun , Ko Seung Hwan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRoom‐temperature liquid metal (LM)‐based electronics is expected to bring advancements in future soft electronics owing to its conductivity, conformability, stretchability, and biocompatibility. However, various difficulties arise when patterning LM because of its rheological features such as fluidity and surface tension. Numerous attempts are made to overcome these difficulties, resulting in various LM‐patterning methods. An appropriate choice of patterning method based on comprehensive understanding is necessary to fully utilize the unique properties. Therefore, the authors aim to provide thorough knowledge about patterning methods and unique properties for LM‐based future soft electronics. First, essential considerations for LM‐patterning are investigated. Then, LM‐patterning methods—serial‐patterning, parallel‐patterning, intermetallic bond‐assisted patterning, and molding/microfluidic injection—are categorized and investigated. Finally, perspectives on LM‐based soft electronics with unique properties are provided. They include outstanding features of LM such as conformability, biocompatibility, permeability, restorability, and recyclability. Also, they include perspectives on future LM‐based soft electronics in various areas such as radio frequency electronics, soft robots, and heterogeneous catalyst. LM‐based soft devices are expected to permeate the daily lives if patterning methods and the aforementioned features are analyzed and utilized.
Artificial Diploid Escherichia coli by a CRISPR Chromosome‐Doubling Technique
Authors: Wang Pengju , Zhao Dongdong , Li Ju , Su Junchang , Zhang Chunzhi , Li Siwei , Fan Feiyu , Dai Zhubo , Liao Xiaoping , Mao Zhitao , Bi Changhao , Zhang Xueli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSynthetic biology has been represented by the creation of artificial life forms at the genomic scale. In this work, a CRISPR‐based chromosome‐doubling technique is designed to first construct an artificial diploid Escherichia coli cell. The stable single‐cell diploid E. coli is isolated by both maximal dilution plating and flow cytometry, and confirmed with quantitative PCR, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and third‐generation genome sequencing. The diploid E. coli has a greatly reduced growth rate and elongated cells at 4–5 µm. It is robust against radiation, and the survival rate after exposure to UV increased 40‐fold relative to WT. As a novel life form, the artificial diploid E. coli is an ideal substrate for research fundamental questions in life science concerning polyploidy. And this technique may be applied to other bacteria.
BCAT2 Shapes a Noninflamed Tumor Microenvironment and Induces Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 Immunotherapy by Negatively Regulating Proinflammatory Chemokines and Anticancer Immunity
Authors: Cai Zhiyong , Chen Jinbo , Yu Zhengzheng , Li Huihuang , Liu Zhi , Deng Dingshan , Liu Jinhui , Chen Chunliang , Zhang Chunyu , Ou Zhenyu , Chen Minfeng , Hu Jiao , Zu Xiongbing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo improve response rate of monotherapy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), it is necessary to find an emerging target in combination therapy. Through analyzing tumor microenvironment (TME)‐related indicators, it is validated that BCAT2 shapes a noninflamed TME in bladder cancer. The outcomes of multiomics indicate that BCAT2 has an inhibitory effect on cytotoxic lymphocyte recruitment by restraining activities of proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine‐related pathways and T‐cell‐chemotaxis pathway. Immunoassays reveal that secretion of CD8+T‐cell‐related chemokines keeps a robust negative correlation with BCAT2, generating a decreasing tendency of CD8+T cells around BCAT2+ tumor cells from far to near. Cotreatment of BCAT2 deficiency and anti‐PD‐1 antibody has a synergistic effect in vivo, implying the potential of BCAT2 in combination therapy. Moreover, the value of BCAT2 in predicting efficacy of immunotherapy is validated in multiple immunotherapy cohorts. Together, as a key molecule in TME, BCAT2 is an emerging target in combination with ICB and a biomarker of guiding precision therapy.
A Theoretical Investigation of Transport Layer‐Free Homojunction Perovskite Solar Cells via a Detailed Photoelectric Simulation
Authors: Zhang Yuqi , Yang Zhenhai , Ma Tianshu , Ai Zhenhai , Wang Changlei , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough the conventional n‐i‐p or p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can produce ultrahigh efficiency (>25%), complex synthesis/deposition processes together with strict requirements for preparing the hole‐ and electron‐transport layers (HTLs and ETLs) pose a challenge to accessing low‐cost perovskite devices. To address this issue, a simple strategy of employing a self‐doped perovskite homojunction to replace the HTLs and ETLs has been widely proposed. However, this type of TL‐free homojunction PSCs is usually endowed with poor efficiency. Here, the design principles and working mechanisms of the TL‐free homojunction PSCs are clarified via a rigorous photoelectric simulation. The potential of this type of device is unlocked by optimizing the structural/electrical parameters including thickness, doping concentration, bulk/interface defect concentration, contact barrier, and mobility of n‐perovskite and p‐perovskite. To further uncover the intrinsic physical behavior, ion migration, and photon recycling effects on this type of TL‐free homojunction PSCs are also studied. In addition, devices with different types of structures including TL‐free inverted, ETL‐free, and HTL‐free designs are briefly discussed. Finally, a clear roadmap for the promotion of device efficiency is proposed, providing valuable guidance for designing high‐efficient TL‐free homojunction PSCs.
Major Improvement in the Cycling Ability of Pseudocapacitive Vanadium Nitride Films for Micro‐Supercapacitor
Authors: Jrondi Aiman , Buvat Gaetan , Pena Francisco De La , Marinova Maya , Huvé Marielle , Brousse Thierry , Roussel Pascal , Lethien Christophe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVanadium nitride film made using a thin film deposition technique is a promising electrode material for micro‐supercapacitor applications owing to its high electrical conductivity and high volumetric and surface capacitance values in aqueous electrolyte. Nevertheless, the cycling stability has to be improved to deliver good capacitance during a large number of cycles. Here, it is shown that vanadium nitride films made by a magnetron sputtering deposition method exhibit remarkable cycling stability (high capacitance retention value after 150 000 cycles), ultra‐high rate capability (75% of the initial capacitance at 1.6 V s−1), while providing high surface capacitance values (≈1.4 F cm−2) and very low ageing of the VN electrodes (no loss of performance after 13 months). Additionally, new findings regarding the location of vanadium oxides species responsible for the charge storage mechanism in pseudocapacitive VN films are revealed by transmission electron microscopy electron energy‐loss spectroscopy analyses at the nanoscale.
Decoupling Electron‐ and Phase‐Transfer Processes to Enhance Electrochemical Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Conversion by Blending Hydrophobic PTFE Nanoparticles within the Electrocatalyst Layer
Authors: Gao Jianan , Ma Qingquan , Young Joshua , Crittenden John C. , Zhang Wen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrochemical upcycling of nitrate into ammonia at ambient conditions offers a sustainable synthesis pathway that can complement the current industrial NH3 production from the Haber–Bosch process. One of the key rate‐limiting steps is the effective desorption of gaseous or interfacial bubble products, mainly NH3 with some minor side products of nitrogen and hydrogen, from the electrode surfaces to sustain available sites for the NO3− reduction reaction. To facilitate the gaseous product desorption from the catalytic sites, hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanoparticles are blended within a CuO catalyst layer, which is shown to eliminate the undesirable accumulation and blockage of electrode surfaces and largely decouples the electron‐ and phase‐transfer processes. The NH3 partial current density normalized by the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) increases by nearly a factor of 17.8 from 11.4 ± 0.1 to 203.3 ± 1.8 mA cm−2ECSA. The DFT and ab‐initio molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the hydrophobic PTFE nanoparticles may serve as segregated islands to enhance the spillover and transport the gaseous products from electrocatalysts to the PTFE. Thus, a higher ammonia transfer is achieved for the mixed PTFE/CuO electrocatalyst. This new and simple strategy is expected to act as inspiration for future electrochemical gas‐evolving electrode design.
Expanded distribution and predicted suitable habitat for the critically endangered yellow‐tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda) in Perú
Authors: Zarate Melissa A. , Shanee Sam , Charpentier Elvis , Sarmiento Yeissy , Schmitt Christopher A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Tropical Andes Biodiversity Hotspot holds a remarkable number of species at risk of extinction due to anthropogenic habitat loss, hunting, and climate change. One of these species, the critically endangered yellow‐tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda), was recently observed in the region Junín, 206 km south of its previously known distribution. This range extension, combined with continued habitat loss, calls for a reevaluation of the species distribution, and available suitable habitat. Here, we present novel data from surveys at 53 sites in the regions of Junín, Cerro de Pasco, Ayacucho, and Cusco. We encounteredL. flavicaudaat 9 sites, all in Junín, and the congenericLagothrix lagotricha tschudiiat 20 sites, but never in sympatry. Using these new localities along with all previous geographic localities for the species, we made predictive species distribution models based on ecological niche modeling using a generalized linear model and maximum entropy. Each model incorporated bioclimatic variables, forest cover, vegetation measurements, and elevation as predictor variables. The model evaluation showed >80% accuracy for all measures. Precipitation was the strongest predictor of species presence. Habitat suitability maps illustrate potential corridors for gene flow between the southern and northern populations, although much of this area is inhabited byL. l. tschudiiwhereasL. flavicaudahas yet to be officially confirmed in these areas, by these or any other scientific surveys. An analysis of the current protected area (PA) network showed that ~75% of remaining suitable habitat is unprotected. With this, we suggest priority areas for new PAs or expansions to existing reserves that would conserve potential corridors betweenL. flavicaudapopulations. Further surveys and characterization of the distribution in intermediate areas, combined with studies on gene flow through these areas, are still needed to protect this species.
Spectral Determinant of the Two‐Photon Quantum Rabi Model
Authors: Braak Daniel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe various generalized spectral determinants (G‐functions) of the two‐photon quantum Rabi model are analyzed with emphasis on the qualitative aspects of the regular spectrum. Whereas all of them yield at least a subset of the exact regular eigenvalues, only theG‐function proposed by Chen et al. in 2012 exhibits an explicitly known pole structure which dictates the approach to the collapse point. This function is derived rigorously employing the ‐symmetry of the model and shown that its zeros correspond to the complete regular spectrum.
Enhancement of Steady Quantum Entanglement and Directional Controllability of Quantum Steering in Cavity Magnetic Hybrid Systems
Authors: Yin Xin‐Yi , Yang Zhi‐Bo , Huang Yu‐Mei , Wan Qin‐Min , Yang Rong‐Can , Liu Hong‐Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractQuantum entanglement (QE) and quantum steering (QS) are of importance for quantum information processing and computation. Though there are several schemes proposed for their realization, how to increase their degrees encounters a great challenge. In the present manuscript, it is proposed to enhance steady QE and control Gaussian QS for two magnons using a two‐photon field acting on either magnon. The cavity‐magnetic hybrid system consists of a microwave cavity in which two identical Yttrium‐iron‐garnet spheres are placed and the cavity is driven by a Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) so as to generate steady QE and control Gaussian QS for the two Kittel modes. Besides, a two‐photon driving field acting on either magnon in order to enhance the degree of QE and the ability of QS. The best condition to maximum entanglement and steering degrees for the two magnon modes at MHz and is found via the competitive relationship between the two‐photon driving and JPA. Furthermore, it is revealed that steering direction for the two magnons can be controlled not only by the ratio between the two photon‐magnon coupling parameters but also by the two‐photon driving field, making controllable steering direction become easier.
Machine‐Learning Classification for the Prediction of Catalytic Activity of Organic Photosensitizers in the Nickel(II)‐Salt‐Induced Synthesis of Phenols
Authors: Noto Naoki , Yada Akira , Yanai Takeshi , Saito Susumu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCatalytic systems using a small amount of organic photosensitizer for the activation of an inorganic (on‐demand ligand‐free) nickel(II) salt represent a cost‐effective method for cross‐coupling reactions, while C(sp2)−O bond formation remains less developed. Herein, we report a strategy for the synthesis of phenols with a nickel(II) salt and an organic photosensitizer, which was identified via an investigation into the catalytic activity of 60 organic photosensitizers consisting of various electron donor and acceptor moieties. To examine the effect of multiple intractable parameters on the catalytic activity of photosensitizers, machine‐learning (ML) models were developed, wherein we embedded descriptors representing their physical and structural properties, which were obtained from DFT calculations and RDKit, respectively. The study clarified that integrating both DFT‐ and RDKit‐derived descriptors in ML models balances higher “precision” and “recall” across a wide range of search space relative to using only one of the two descriptor sets.
Imprinting Chirality on a Conventional Superconductor
Authors: Sukenik Nir , Ozeri Meital , Gutfreund Alon , Fridman Nofar , Noah Avia , Yochelis Shira , Remennik Sergei , Anahory Yonathan , Millo Oded , Paltiel Yossi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChiral imprinting is demonstrated in metals, semiconductors, and oxides. In these cases, the mixing of chiral molecules with the studied material changes the structure of the hybrid system, resulting in new physical properties. In this work, chirality is imprinted on lead (Pb) that is a conventional singlet s‐wave superconductor. The hybrid material exhibits an increase in the critical field (HC) and a wider temperature phase transition under in‐plane magnetic fields. These results demonstrate a method for locally altering the magnetic‐response properties of conventional superconductors.
Recent Advances for Electrode Modifications in Flow Batteries: Properties, Mechanisms, and Outlooks
Authors: Wu Min , Fang Maolin , Nan Mingjun , Chen Xiangnan , Ma Xiangkun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFlow batteries (FBs) have been demonstrated in several large‐scale energy storage projects, and are considered to be the preferred technique for large‐scale long‐term energy storage in terms of their high safety, environmental friendliness, and long life, including all‐vanadium flow batteries (VFBs) and Fe‐Cr flow batteries (ICFBs). As the electrochemical reaction site, the electrode parameters, such as the specific surface area, active site, and so on, have a significant impact on the flow battery performance and reliability. Extensive research has been carried out on electrode modification to improve the current density and energy efficiency of the FBs. In this review, the reaction mechanisms of VFBs and ICFBs are discussed in detail firstly, and then the electrodes modification methods are overviewed and summarized from four aspects: self‐modification, carbon‐based electrocatalysts, metal‐based electrocatalysts and composite electrocatalysts. Finally, the recent catalytic mechanism,in situcharacterization technology, and future research directions are presented.
Fractional order internal model control of non‐minimum phase and time‐delayed plants
Authors: Mondal Reetam , Dey Jayati 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeveral applications on fractional order (FO) control have gained considerable significance in the recent years, which led to the evolution of novel tuning strategies of the generalized order FO controllers. Some of the methods in available literatures are based on constrained minimization optimization techniques or analytical method defined only for specific plants. They are valid only for some special model cases. On the contrary, in this technical note, a generalized non‐integer order internal model control (IMC) framework is realized for any order non‐minimum phase (NMP) plants with right half plane (RHP) zero as well as time delayed plants having any finite relative order. Its parameters are graphically interpreted satisfying the frequency domain design stipulations for single input and single output (SISO) higher order linear time invariant (LTI) plants. The performance of the same on a bioreactor fermentation process for its temperature control is found to have outperformed in contrast to its integer order (IO)‐IMC. It is therefore inferred here that this new approach pledges to impart unique solution of the controller parameters, formulating a highly efficient tool outperforming the existing paradigms. Simulation and real time experimentation are presented to validate the method put forward providing satisfactory performance in reference tracking, disturbance rejection, and robustness to various plant parameter perturbations.
Treatment patterns and survival of low and intermediate‐risk prostate cancer in end‐stage kidney disease: A retrospective population cohort study
Authors: Sarabu Nagaraju , Dong Weichuan , Ray Al W. , Fernstrum Austin , Prunty Megan , Ponsky Lee E. , Shoag Jonathan E. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Lentine Krista L. , Koroukian Siran M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn accordance with guidelines, observation with or without active surveillance for low‐risk prostate cancer increased in recent years in the general population. We compared treatment patterns and mortality for low‐ and intermediate‐risk prostate cancer and mortality rates among end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) and non‐ESKD patients.MethodsThis is a retrospective population‐based observational cohort study of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare data of men aged 66 years and older with localized prostate cancer (2004–2015). ESKD status was determined using Medicare billing codes. Multivariable logistic regression models and Cox‐proportional hazards models were used to study definitive treatment patterns and mortality, respectively.ResultsFor low‐risk prostate cancer, dialysis patients (N = 83) had lower but not statistically significant odds (OR, 0.74; 95% CI: 0.48–1.16) of receiving definitive treatment than non‐ESKD patients (N = 24,935). For those with intermediate‐risk prostate cancer, dialysis patients (N = 254) had lower odds to receive definitive treatment (OR, 0.54; 95% CI: 0.42–0.72) than non‐ESKD patients (N = 60,883). From 2004–2010 to 2011–2015, for patients with low‐risk prostate cancer, while the receipt of definitive treatment for non‐ESKD patients trended down from 72% to 48%, it trended up for dialysis patients from 55% to 65%. Kidney transplant patients (N = 33 for low‐risk and N = 91 for intermediate‐risk) had lower rates of definitive treatment for low‐risk and similar rates of treatment for intermediate‐risk prostate cancer compared to non‐ESKD patients.ConclusionsThe disparity in definitive treatment rates for low‐risk prostate cancer among dialysis patients exists despite their high mortality, compared to the general population.
SLC12A5 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth and ferroptosis resistance by inducing ER stress and cystine transport changes
Authors: Tong Qing , Qin Wei , Li Zheng‐Hao , Liu Chun , Wang Zi‐Cheng , Chu Yuan , Xu Xun‐Di 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis and new effective treatments are needed. SLC12A5 plays important roles in multiple complex pathological states and is overexpressed in a variety of malignancies. However, the effects of SLC12A5 in HCC have not been determined.MethodsSLC12A5 expression was assessed by immunostaining and western blotting. A cell viability assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the intracellular calcium concentration and cell cycle. Ferroptosis was detected by transmission electron microscopy, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione assays. Subcutaneous tumor formation experiments were used to validate the tumorigenic effect of SLC12A5 in vivo. RNA‐seq was used to evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of SLC12A5. The therapeutic efficacy of targeting SLC12A5 was assessed in a patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model.ResultsHigh SLC12A5 expression was strongly associated with a poor clinical prognosis and promoted HCC growth. Mechanistically, SLC12A5 promoted ER stress to enhance calcium release and upregulated PNCK expression levels. Concomitantly, PNCK was significantly activated by calcium ions released from the ER. PNCK activated and induced the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway components. Furthermore, SLC12A5 inhibited ferroptosis in HCC by upregulating the expression of xCT, a cystine transporter.ConclusionHigh SLC12A5 levels were correlated with a poor prognosis, promoted tumorigenesis, and inhibited ferroptosis in HCC. These findings suggested that SLC12A5 is a therapeutic target and provide insight into the link between ER stress and ferroptosis in HCC.
Computational Design of Plant‐Based Antistress Agents Targeting Nociceptin Receptor
Authors: Sharma Vishal , Mujwar Somdutt , Sharma Diksha , Das Rina , Kumar Mehta Dinesh , Shah Kamal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStress is the body's reaction to the challenges it faces, and it produces a multitude of chemical molecules known as stressors as a result of these reactions. It's also a misalignment of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems causing changes in a variety of physiological reactions and perhaps leading to stress disorders. The reduction in neurotransmitter & neurohormonal hormones is mainly governed by the nociceptin receptor as G‐protein coupled receptor and increased the level of reactive oxygen species. Various synthetic medicines that target nociceptin receptors were utilized to reduce the effects of stress but they come up with a variety of side effects. Because of the widespread utilization and renewed interest in medicinal herbal plants considered to be alternative antistress therapy. Our present work is an approach to decipher the molecular nature of novel herbal leads by targeting nociceptin receptor, under which herbal compounds were screened and validated through in‐silico methods. Among screened leads, withanolide‐B showed stable association in the active site of the nociceptin receptor as an antistress agent with no side effects. Furthermore, the selected lead was also evaluated for stability by molecular dynamic stimulation as well as for pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile. It has been concluded stable conformation of withanolide‐B without presence of any major toxic effects. As a result, the in silico molecular docking technique is a highly successful method for selecting a prospective herbal lead molecule with respect to a specific target, and future research can pave the way for further exploration in the drug development field.