bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Overview on Resource and Recovery Prospectives of the Critical Element Neodymium
Authors: Pradhan Sanghamitra , Mishra Sujata 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNeodymium is critically scarce and is often used in supportable technologies such as permanent magnets, batteries, and catalysts. The extraction of it from virgin ores causes environmental degradation and recycling of end‐of‐life (EOL) products proves to be an alternative to meet its future criticality. From an environmental and economic point of view, magnets produced from recovered neodymium perform better than the ones produced from virgin neodymium. In this review various technologies such as hydro metallurgy, pyro metallurgy, supercritical CO2 extraction, desalination, and adsorption have been discussed for the recovery of this metal from different EOL sources. The advantages and limitations of these methods are summarized. Different experimental status like sources, temperature, aqueous phase composition, organic phase make up, and maximum recovery efficiency are also looked upon. This review may prove beneficial for the researchers to design recovery road maps under different circumstances.
Selective Valorization of CO2 towards Valuable Hydrocarbons through Methanol‐mediated Tandem Catalysis
Authors: Mahnaz Fatima , Dunlap Violet , Helmer Ryan , Borkar Siddhesh Shirish , Navar Ricardo , Yang Xiaokun , Shetty Manish 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe thermocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable hydrocarbons presents a promising solution for mitigating anthropogenic CO2 emissions while producing drop‐in replacements for fossil‐derived products. Among the two tandem mechanisms for the direct hydrogenation of CO2, the methanol synthesis coupled with the methanol to hydrocarbon (MTH) reaction offers an improvement over the reverse water‐gas shift coupled with Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis reaction (RWGS‐FTS), as it is not limited by Anderson‐Schulz‐Flory distribution and yields higher selectivity towards specific products (e. g., olefins, aromatics, higher hydrocarbons). Herein, we focus on the recent progress achieved through this pathway and outline the existing knowledge gaps. We discuss the challenges involved in the process and highlight the key descriptors in the selection of catalyst components. Finally, we present several potential solutions to circumvent the current challenges, aiming to expedite the advancement of this route toward an efficient CO2 hydrogenation process.
Nitrogen‐doped Carbon Dots as Biobased Catalysts for Visible Light Driven 1,2‐Functionalization of Olefins through an Atom Transfer Radical Addition Process
Authors: Hamadamin Abdullah , Benazzi Valentina , Campalani Carlotta , Quattri Luca , Ravelli Davide , Hussain Faiq , Perosa Alvise , Selva Maurizio , Protti Stefano 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAmorphous nitrogen‐doped carbon dots (a‐N‐CDs) have been obtained under hydrothermal conditions from citric acid and diethylenetriamine (DETA) as the carbon and nitrogen source, respectively. Such materials exhibit a significant absorption in the visible light region and have been successfully employed as photoredox catalyst under violet LED irradiation for the 1,2‐difunctionalization of olefins via an atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) process. The reported approach occurs smoothly under metal‐free conditions in an aqueous medium, showcasing the (yet not completely explored) applications of such bio‐derived carbon materials in organic synthesis.
The lack of association between different LDL‐C levels and oxidized LDL in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Rabizadeh Soghra , Seyedi Seyed Arsalan , Nabipoorashrafi Seyed Ali , Omidvar Siahkalmahalleh Maryamossadat  , Yadegar Amirhossein , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Rajab Armin , Esteghamati Alireza , Nakhjavani Manouchehr 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh concentrations of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) have been a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Also, the role of oxidized LDL (ox‐LDL) in forming atherosclerosis plaque has been proven. However, it has not yet been proven that atherogenic LDL‐C by‐products like ox‐LDL will decrease by keeping the LDL levels at the desired level. This study aimed to examine the relationship between LDL‐C and ox‐LDL in different LDL‐C values in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 347 patients with T2D who received statins were enrolled. LDL‐C values were defined into four groups as LDL‐C < 55 mg/dL, 55 mg/dL ≤ to <70 mg/dL, 70 mg/dL ≤ to <100 mg/dL and LDL‐C ≥ 100 mg/dL. Total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), and ox‐LDL were studied in the four defined groups.ResultsOx‐LDL levels were not different among the four groups (p = 0.30). In addition, LDL‐C and ox‐LDL levels had no significant correlation (r = 0.480, p = 0.376). Additionally, based on this study analysis, ox‐LDL levels were significantly correlated with TG levels (r = 0.119, p < 0.05) and TG/HDL ratio (r = 0.390, p < 0.01).ConclusionsIt is concluded that ox‐LDL levels were not associated with different LDL‐C level categories from <55 mg/dL to >100 mg/dL in patients with T2D. However, the revealed association of ox‐LDL with TG level and TG/HDL ratio may be considered in the clinic.
Sulfur Transformation during Coal Pyrolysis with Char Heat Carrier
Authors: Wang Qinhui , Ying Chengdong , Zhang Ruiyue , Cen Jianmeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo investigate sulfur transformation during coal pyrolysis with char heat carrier (CHC), the effects of temperature, CHC/coal, and CHC production temperature were explored in a fluidized bed. The yield rates of sulfur in H2S () and YCOS elevated with temperature. and Ychar‐S decreased, and temperature showed no significant effect on Ytar‐S. CHC inhibited sulfur transformation to the gas phase. More H2S and COS were fixed in mixed‐char in form of CaS by CHC, resulting in the increase of Ychar‐S. CHC was favorable for CH3SH decomposition. The inhibitory effect was enhanced with increasing CHC/coal. Higher production temperature inhibited the sulfur fixation capacity of CHC. CHC enhanced the decomposition of pyrite, organic sulfur, sulfate, and the yield of sulfide in mixed‐char.
Dynamics‐based characterization and classification of biodiversity indicators
Authors: Otomo Yuri , Masuda Reiji , Osada Yutaka , Kawatsu Kazutaka , Kondoh Michio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVarious biodiversity indicators, such as species richness, total abundance, and species diversity indices, have been developed to capture the state of ecological communities over space and time. As biodiversity is a multifaceted concept, it is important to understand the dimension of biodiversity reflected by each indicator for successful conservation and management. Here we utilized the responsiveness of biodiversity indicators' dynamics to environmental changes (i.e., environmental responsiveness) as a signature of the dimension of biodiversity. We present a method for characterizing and classifying biodiversity indicators according to environmental responsiveness and apply the methodology to monitoring data for a marine fish community under intermittent anthropogenic warm water discharge. Our analysis showed that 10 biodiversity indicators can be classified into three super‐groups based on the dimension of biodiversity that is reflected. Group I (species richness and community mean of latitudinal center of distribution (cCOD)) showed the greatest robustness to temperature changes; Group II (species diversity and total abundance) showed an abrupt change in the middle of the monitoring period, presumably due to a change in temperature; Group III (species evenness) exhibited the highest sensitivity to environmental changes, including temperature. These results had several ecological implications. First, the responsiveness of species diversity and species evenness to temperature changes might be related to changes in the species abundance distribution. Second, the similar environmental responsiveness of species richness and cCOD implies that fish migration from lower latitudes is a major driver of species compositional changes. The study methodology may be useful in selecting appropriate indicators for efficient biodiversity monitoring.
Genomic population structure and inbreeding history of Lake Superior caribou
Authors: Solmundson Kirsten , Bowman Jeff , Manseau Micheline , Taylor Rebecca S. , Keobouasone Sonesinh , Wilson Paul J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCaribou (Rangifer tarandus) have experienced dramatic declines in both range and population size across Canada over the past century. Boreal caribou (R. t. caribou), 1 of the 12 Designatable Units, has lost approximately half of its historic range in the last 150 years, particularly along the southern edge of its distribution. Despite this overall northward contraction, some populations have persisted at the trailing range edge, over 150 km south of the continuous boreal caribou range in Ontario, along the coast and nearshore islands of Lake Superior. The population history of caribou along Lake Superior remains unclear. It appears that these caribou likely represent a remnant distribution at the trailing edge of the receding population of boreal caribou, but they may also exhibit local adaptation to the coastal environment. A better understanding of the population structure and history of caribou along Lake Superior is important for their conservation and management. Here, we use high‐coverage whole genomes (N = 20) from boreal, eastern migratory, and barren‐ground caribou sampled in Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec to investigate population structure and inbreeding histories. We discovered that caribou from the Lake Superior range form a distinct group but also found some evidence of gene flow with the continuous boreal caribou range. Notably, caribou along Lake Superior demonstrated relatively high levels of inbreeding (measured as runs of homozygosity; ROH) and genetic drift, which may contribute to the differentiation observed between ranges. Despite inbreeding, caribou along Lake Superior retained high heterozygosity, particularly in genomic regions without ROH. These results suggest that they present distinct genomic characteristics but also some level of gene flow with the continuous range. Our study provides key insights into the genomics of the southernmost range of caribou in Ontario, beginning to unravel the evolutionary history of these small, isolated caribou populations.
CKBA suppresses mast cell activation via ERK signaling pathway in murine atopic dermatitis
Authors: Tong Jiajia , Li Yan , Cai Xiaojie , Lou Fangzhou , Sun Yang , Wang Zhikai , Zheng Xichen , Zhou Hong , Zhang Ziyang , Fang Zilong , Ding Wenxiang , Deng Siyu , Xu Zhenyao , Niu Xiaoyin , Wang Honglin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder. Mast cells play an important role in AD because they regulate allergic reactions and inflammatory responses. However, whether and how the modulation of mast cell activity affects AD has not been determined. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects and mechanisms of 3‐O‐cyclohexanecarbonyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid (CKBA). This natural compound derivative alleviates skin inflammation by inhibiting mast cell activation and maintaining skin barrier homeostasis in AD. CKBA markedly reduced serum IgE levels and alleviated skin inflammation in calcipotriol (MC903)‐induced AD mouse model. CKBA also restrained mast cell degranulation both in vitro and in vivo. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that CKBA downregulated the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in BM‐derived mast cells activated by anti‐2,4‐dinitrophenol/2,4‐dinitrophenol‐human serum albumin. We proved that CKBA suppressed mast cell activation via ERK signaling using the ERK activator (t‐butyl hydroquinone) and inhibitor (selumetinib; AZD6244) in AD. Thus, CKBA suppressed mast cell activation in AD via the ERK signaling pathway and could be a therapeutic candidate drug for AD.
4,6‐Dihydroxysalicylic Acid‐Catalyzed Oxidative Olefination of Methyl N‐Heteroarenes with Benzyl Amines
Authors: Dong Chunping , Wang Yumei , Chen Shiyu , Zhang Yue , Wang Cheli , Li Jian , Zhou Yongsheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBenzyl amines were deaminated for the olefination of methyl N‐heteroarenes such as quinolines, benzothiazoles, and quinoxalines catalyzed by 4,6‐dihydroxysalicylic acid with only 1 mol % catalyst loading. A wide range of N‐heteroaryl stilbenoids were synthesized in yields of 42 to 96 % using oxygen (1 atm) as the sole oxidant. 4,6‐dihydroxysalicylic acid not only behaves as an organocatalyst for the oxidation of benzyl amines to the imine intermediates, but also provides an acidic reaction condition for the olefinations. Gram scale reaction and the synthesis of two pharmaceutically relevant conjugated olefins were also successful using this methodology.
Detection of acetone in the human breath as diabetes biomarker based on PPy/WO3 nanocomposite sensor by FFT continuous cyclic voltammetry method
Authors: Alizadeh Naader , Amiri Mahsa , Mohammadpour Fariba , Norouzi Parviz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research represents a novel detection method of acetone level in the exhaled breath samples (RH=88 %) based on polypyrrole/tungsten oxide (PPy/WO3) nanocomposite sensor. The PPy/WO3 sensor was fabricated by the deposition of nanocomposite on/between interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) through electrospray coating and was then characterized by FE‐SEM imaging. In this detection method, the coulometric signal of the sensor was calculated using Fast Fourier Continuous Cyclic Voltammetry (FFTCCV), where cyclic voltammetry (CV) was applied to the sensor in the defined potential rang and then charge changes of the sensor was obtained by integration of the current in all scanned potential ranges. FFTCCV method enhances the sensitivity of the sensor when exposed to the gas mixtures containing acetone. In addition to its fast coulometric response time (≤5 s) in the two linear ranges of 0.7–2.8 ppm and 2.8–28.2 ppm (R2=0.99), FFTCCV method provides the low detection limit of 70 ppb, and high sensitivity toward acetone at the optimum values of the parameters. The fabricated sensor showed great selectivity toward acetone when exposed to humid air and some exhaled gas like carbon dioxide, ammonia, methanol, ethanol and alkyl amines. The results were very satisfying as the sensor was capable to detect different acetone levels in human exhaled breath as non‐invasive diagnosis of diabetes with a good correlation (R2≃0.9) to the routine blood sugar test taken by different commercial glucometers results.
Atomically Fe‐anchored MOF‐on‐MOF nanozyme with differential signal amplification for ultrasensitive cathodic electrochemiluminescence immunoassay
Authors: Li Chuanping , Hang Tianxiang , Jin Yongdong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe successful application of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) in immunoassays for clinical diagnosis requires stable electrodes and high‐efficient ECL signal amplification strategies. Herein, the authors discovered a new class of atomically dispersed peroxidase‐like nanozymes with multiple active sites (CoNi‐MOF@PCN‐224/Fe), which significantly improved the catalytic performance and uncovered the underlying mechanism. Experimental studies and theoretical calculation results revealed that the nanozyme introduced a Fenton‐like reaction into the catalytic system and the crucial synergistic effects of definite active moieties endow CoNi‐MOF@PCN‐224/Fe strong electron‐withdrawing effect and low thermodynamic activation energy toward H2O2. Benefiting from the high peroxidase‐like activity of the hybrid system, the resultant ECL electrode exhibited superior catalytic activity in the luminol‐H2O2 system and resulted in an ≈17‐fold increase in the ECL intensity. In addition, plasmonic Ag/Au core‐satellite nanocubes (Ag/AuNCs) were designed as high‐efficient co‐reactant quenchers to improve the performance of the ECL immunoassay. On the basis of the differential signal amplification strategy (DSAS) proposed, the immunoassay displayed superior detection ability, with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.13 pg mL−1 for prostate‐specific antigen (PSA). The designed atomically anchored MOF‐on‐MOF nanozyme and DSAS strategy provides more possibilities for the ultrasensitive detection of disease markers in clinical diagnosis.
Multiobjective portfolio optimization: Forecasting and evaluation under investment horizon heterogeneity
Authors: Dai Xingyu , Zhang Dongna , Lau Chi Keung Marco , Wang Qunwei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study designs a methodological framework to forecasting allocation weights and evaluating multiobjective portfolios considering the investment horizon heterogeneity. The investment horizon heterogeneity may induce the terrible data loss problem under traditional asset return definition, while in the real world, there are many portfolio makers whose investment horizons are not consistent. The methodological framework has three parts. First, this paper gives a novel multitimescale analysis (MTA) tool as a computation procedure to decompose the raw return series, and the decomposed subreturn series could represent the information for a portfolio maker with specific investment horizon and has the same data length as the raw return series. Second, proposed methodological framework uses a time‐varying parameter GAS‐D‐Vine‐Copula model to construct the joint distribution of subreturn series of multiassets in a portfolio. Third, due to the stochastic dominance consistency issue, this paper applies three different utility functions as the outputs of a portfolio strategy and two cost functions as the inputs of a portfolio strategy in an efficiency evaluation model. The empirical example of US aviation stock market data from 2013 to 2021 reveals that the Mean‐Skewness‐Volatility‐HMCR‐LPM multiobjective has the greatest numbers of optimal strategy timings for portfolio makers with 2‐, 3–5‐, and 10–50‐day‐length investment horizons. The investment horizon of 1‐day length is the least efficient, and the investment horizon between 10‐ and 50‐day length is the most efficient. The proposed methodology indicates that more multiobjectives in a portfolio strategy are not necessarily better, and there is an optimal range of investment horizons for portfolio makers.
Statistical methods for handling nondetected results in food chemical monitoring data to improve food risk assessments
Authors: Hwang Myungsil , Lee Seung Chan , Park Jae‐Hong , Choi Jihee , Lee Hae‐Jeung 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChemical risk assessment is important for risk management, and estimates of chemical exposure must be as accurate as possible. Chemical concentrations in food below the limit of detection are known as nondetects and result in left‐censored data. During statistical analysis, the method used for handling values below the limit of detection is important. Many risk assessors employ widely used substitution methods to treat left‐censored data, as recommended by international organizations. The National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation of South Korea also recommends these methods, which are currently used for chemical exposure assessments. However, these methods have statistical limitations, and international organizations recommend more advanced alternative statistical approaches. In this study, we assessed the validity of currently used statistical methods for handling nondetects. To identify the most suitable statistical method for handling nondetection, we created virtual data and conducted simulation studies. Based on both simulation and case studies, the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and Robust Regression on Order Statistics (ROS) methods were found to be the best options. The statistical values obtained from these methods were similar to those obtained from the commonly used 1/2 Limit of Detection (LOD) substitution method for nondetection treatment. In three case studies, we compared the various methods based on the root mean squared error. The data for all case studies were from the same source, to avoid heterogeneity. Across various sample sizes and nondetection rates, the mean and 95th percentile values for all treatment methods were similar. However, “lognormal maximum likelihood estimation” method was not suitable for estimating the mean. Risk assessors should consider statistical processing of monitoring data to reduce uncertainty. Currently used substitution methods are effective and easy to apply to large datasets with nondetection rates <80%. However, advanced statistical methods are required in some circumstances, and national guidelines are needed regarding their use in risk assessments.
Yin Yang 1 controls cerebellar astrocyte maturation
Authors: Mockenhaupt Karli , Tyc Katarzyna M. , McQuiston Adam , Gonsiewski Alexandra K. , Zarei‐Kheirabadi Masoumeh , Hariprashad Avani , Biswas Debolina D. , Gupta Angela S. , Olex Amy L. , Singh Sandeep K. , Waters Michael R. , Dupree Jeff L. , Dozmorov Mikhail G. , Kordula Tomasz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiverse subpopulations of astrocytes tile different brain regions to accommodate local requirements of neurons and associated neuronal circuits. Nevertheless, molecular mechanisms governing astrocyte diversity remain mostly unknown. We explored the role of a zinc finger transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) that is expressed in astrocytes. We found that specific deletion of YY1 from astrocytes causes severe motor deficits in mice, induces Bergmann gliosis, and results in simultaneous loss of GFAP expression in velate and fibrous cerebellar astrocytes. Single cell RNA‐seq analysis showed that YY1 exerts specific effects on gene expression in subpopulations of cerebellar astrocytes. We found that although YY1 is dispensable for the initial stages of astrocyte development, it regulates subtype‐specific gene expression during astrocyte maturation. Moreover, YY1 is continuously needed to maintain mature astrocytes in the adult cerebellum. Our findings suggest that YY1 plays critical roles regulating cerebellar astrocyte maturation during development and maintaining a mature phenotype of astrocytes in the adult cerebellum.
The impact of the Mamata conditional cash transfer program on child nutrition in Odisha, India
Authors: Patwardhan Vedavati 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBased on a triple difference estimation, this paper shows that the impact of a universal cash transfer on child nutrition differs by household wealth. In 2011, Odisha state in India introduced a conditional maternal cash transfer named “Mamata Scheme”. Using data from the National Family Health Survey, I find that the program reduced child wasting by 7 percentage points, a 39% reduction compared to the average prevalence of wasting in the pre‐program period. The reduction in child wasting is driven by children from households in the top four of five national wealth quintiles, for whom the program reduced wasting by 13 percentage points or a reduction of about 80%. Children from households in the bottom wealth quintile were 13 percentage points more likely to suffer from wasting than their wealthier counterparts. Reduction in stunting is also limited to children from households in the top four wealth quintiles, with an average program effect of 12 percentage points, that is, a 40% reduction. The results suggest that access to universal cash benefit schemes is important for mothers and children from marginalized households to realize proportionate benefits.