bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategizing: The state of the art in the Milan School
Authors: Telfener Umberta , Ticozzelli Elia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is important to understand the need to have directions and goals in order to organize a therapeutic path. After having considered the common aspects of strategic therapies, the authors—both representing the Milan School of Boscolo and Cecchin—explain the unavoidable use of a strategic attitude and its evolution, from the adherence to the Palo Alto model, to Tomm's (1987) proposal, to considering strategizing the fourth guideline of the Milan Approach. We then discuss the utilization of strategizing in the present times. Does it make sense to speak of directive or nondirective psychotherapists now a days? The answer is that if we take a second‐order positioning—which is the attitude that distinguishes therapy from a common chat among friends—we are inevitably and contemporarily both directive and nondirective. An example from the botanical field is offered.
Helicobacter hepaticus promotes liver fibrosis through oxidative stress induced by hydrogenase in BALB/c mice
Authors: Cao Shuyang , Zhang Yuanyuan , Bao Ruoyu , Wang Tao , Zhu Liqi , Zhang Quan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt has been documented that Helicobacter hepaticus produces a nickel‐containing hydrogen‐oxidizing hydrogenase enzyme, which is necessary for hydrogen‐supported amino acid uptake. Although H. hepaticus infection has been shown to promote liver inflammation and fibrosis in BALB/c mice, the impact of hydrogenase on the progression of liver fibrosis induced by H. hepaticus has not been explored.Materials and MethodsBALB/c mice were inoculated with hydrogenase mutant (ΔHyaB) or wild type (WT) H. hepaticus 3B1 for 12 and 24 weeks. H. hepaticus colonization, hepatic histopathology, serum biochemistry, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress signaling pathways were detected.ResultsWe found that ΔHyaB had no influence on the colonization of H. hepaticus in the liver of mice at 12 and 24 weeks post infection (WPI). However, mice infected by ΔHyaB strains developed significantly alleviated liver inflammation and fibrosis compared with WT infection. Moreover, ΔHyaB infection remarkably increased the expression of hepatic GSH, SOD, and GSH‐Px, and decreased the liver levels of MDA, ALT, and AST compared to WT H. hepaticus infected group from 12 to 24 WPI. Furthermore, mRNA levels of Il‐6, Tnf‐α, iNos, Hmox‐1, and α‐SMA were significantly decreased with an increase of Nfe2l2 in the liver of mice infected by ΔHyaB strains. In addition, ΔHyaB H. hepaticus restored the activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway, which is inhibited by H. hepaticus infection.ConclusionsThese data demonstrated that H. hepaticus hydrogenase promoted liver inflammation and fibrosis development mediated by oxidative stress in male BALB/c mice.
Recent prevalence and characteristics of patients with hepatitis delta virus in Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Sasaki Takashi , Suda Goki , Ohara Masatsugu , Hosoda Shunichi , Kawagishi Naoki , Kohya Risako , Yoda Tomoka , Maehara Osamu , Ohnishi Shunsuke , Yoshida Sonoe , Fu Qingjie , Yang Zijian , Tokuchi Yoshimasa , Kitagataya Takashi , Suzuki Kazuharu , Nakai Masato , Sho Takuya , Natsuizaka Mitsuteru , Komukai Sho , Ogawa Koji , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimAlthough hepatitis delta virus (HDV) coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global health concern, the global prevalence of HDV infections remains unknown due to insufficient data in many countries. In Japan, HDV prevalence has not been updated for over 20 years. We aimed to investigate the recent prevalence of HDV infections in Japan.MethodsWe screened 1264 consecutive patients with HBV infection at Hokkaido University Hospital between 2006 and 2022. Patients' serums were preserved and subsequently tested for HDV antibody (immunoglobulin‐G). Available clinical information was collected and analyzed. We compared the changes in liver fibrosis using the Fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4) index between propensity‐matched patients with and without the evidence of anti‐HDV antibodies and corrected for baseline FIB‐4 index, nucleoside/nucleotide analog treatment, alcohol intake, sex, HIV coinfection, liver cirrhosis, and age.ResultsAfter excluding patients without properly stored serums and those lacking appropriate clinical information, 601 patients with HBV were included. Of these, 1.7% of patients had detectable anti‐HDV antibodies. Patients with anti‐HDV antibody serum positivity had a significantly higher prevalence of liver cirrhosis, significantly lower prothrombin time, and a higher prevalence of HIV coinfection than those who demonstrated serum anti‐HDV antibody negativity. A propensity‐matched longitudinal analysis revealed that liver fibrosis (FIB‐4 index) progressed more rapidly in patients with positive results for anti‐HDV antibody tests.ConclusionsThe recent prevalence of HDV infections in Japanese patients with HBV was 1.7% (10/601). These patients experienced rapid liver fibrosis progression, highlighting the importance of routine HDV testing.
Lived experiences of young adults facing a recent diagnosis of cancer: A phenomenological study
Authors: Shahmari Mehraban , Nikbakht Nasrabadi Alireza , Rezaie Elaheh , Dashti Seemin , Nasiri Elhameh , Zare Leily 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionYoung adulthood is a period of prosperity and freshness characterized by developmental achievement, which can be inhibited by various diseases such as cancer. Typically considered a terminal disease, if diagnosed in young adulthood, cancer may trigger a tremendous psychosomatic shock. The nature of facing a recent cancer diagnosis affects the whole coping process. Addressing young adults' experiences at the confirmation point of cancer diagnosis will facilitate supporting them through the early recognition of probable problems in the future. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyse the lived experiences of young adults facing a recent cancer diagnosis.MethodsThis qualitative study adopted an interpretive phenomenology design. In this study, 12 patients (with an age range of 20–40) were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data collection was done through in‐depth, semistructured interviews. The data were analysed following the method proposed by Diekelmann et al.FindingsThree main themes and nine subthemes were extracted from the data: (1) spiritual detachment and then acceptance through spirituality in the form of denial and then forced acceptance, sense of guilt and spiritual help‐seeking, and anger towards God and then humbleness, (2) the shock of facing an extraordinary life shaped by disturbed role‐play and unusual lifestyle, (3) anticipatory anxiety concerning the sense of rejection, negative perspective towards future, inability to afford the costs and worries about the future of the family members.ConclusionThis was the first study providing significant insights into the experiences of young adults facing a recent cancer diagnosis. The diagnosis of cancer can shadow all aspects of young adults' lives. The findings of the present study empower healthcare professionals to provide newly diagnosed young adults with appropriate health services.Patient ContributionsTo identify and recruit the participants, we explained the objectives of the present study to the unit managers either by phone or in person. The participants were approached and interviewed by three authors. Participation was voluntary and the participants received no financial contribution for their time.
Parents of children with cancer require health literacy support to meet their information needs
Authors: Tan Chai Eng , Lau Sie Chong Doris , Abdul Latiff Zarina , Lee Chee Chan , Teh Kok Hoi , Mohd Sidik Sherina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTimely and relevant information helps parents to cope when a child is diagnosed with cancer. However, obtaining and understanding information is not a straightforward process for parents.ObjectivesThis article aims to explain paediatric cancer parents' information behaviour related to the care of their child.MethodsQualitative in‐depth interviews were conducted with fourteen Malaysian paediatric cancer parents and eight healthcare professionals who worked with paediatric cancer patients. Reflexivity and inductive approaches were used to interpret the data to identify meaningful themes and subthemes.ResultsThree themes about how paediatric cancer parents interact with information emerged: Acquiring information, internalising information, and using information. Information may be actively sought or passively acquired. Cognitive and affective aspects influence how information is internalised into meaningful knowledge. Knowledge then leads to further action including further information gathering.ConclusionPaediatric cancer parents need health literacy support to meet their information needs. They require guidance in identifying and appraising suitable information resources. Development of suitable supporting materials is needed to facilitate parents' ability to comprehend information related to their child's cancer. Understanding parents' information behaviour could assist healthcare professionals in providing information support in the context of paediatric cancer.
Malignancy‐associated immune responses: Lessons from human inborn errors of immunity
Authors: Aliyath Agnel , Eni‐Olotu Ayolola , Donaldson Niamh , Trivedi Priyanka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is widely understood that cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite numerous available treatments, prognosis for many remains poor, thus, the development of novel therapies remains essential. Given the incredible success of many immunotherapies in this field, the important contribution of the immune system to the control, and elimination, of malignancy is clear. While many immunotherapies target higher‐order pathways, for example, through promoting T‐cell activation via immune checkpoint blockade, the potential to target specific immunological pathways is largely not well researched. Precisely understanding how immunity can be tailored to respond to specific challenges is an exciting idea with great potential, and may trigger the development of new therapies for cancer. Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) are a group of rare congenital disorders caused by gene mutations that result in immune dysregulation. This heterogeneous group, spanning widespread, multisystem immunopathology to specific immune cell defects, primarily manifest in immunodeficiency symptoms. Thus, these patients are particularly susceptible to life‐threatening infection, autoimmunity and malignancy, making IEI an especially complex group of diseases. While precise mechanisms of IEI‐induced malignancy have not yet been fully elucidated, analysis of these conditions can highlight the importance of particular genes, and downstream immune responses, in carcinogenesis and may help inform mechanisms which can be utilised in novel immunotherapies. In this review, we examine the links between IEIs and cancer, establishing potential connections between immune dysfunction and malignancy and suggesting roles for specific immunological mechanisms involved in preventing carcinogenesis, thus, guiding essential future research focused on cancer immunotherapy and providing valuable insight into the workings of the immune system in both health and disease.
Density measurements of molten Y3Al5O12 and Y2O3‐Al2O3 compounds using an electrostatic levitation technique
Authors: Koyama Chihiro , Ishikawa Takehiko , Watanabe Yuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe densities of molten Y2O3‐Al2O3 compounds, including yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12), were determined over a wide temperature range that included an undercooled region, using an electrostatic levitation furnace. The density of the molten Y3Al5O12 varied with temperature according to the relationship 3750 − 0.25(T − Tm) (kg/m3) with Tm = 2240 K and for the range of 1300 K ≤ T ≤ Tm, yielding the thermal expansion coefficient ɑ = 6.7×10−5 K−1. The molar volumes of molten (100‐x)Y2O3‐xAl2O3 (x = 0, 33.3, 50, 55, 62.5, 76.5, 81.5, or 100 mol%) were found to vary with the value of x in a linear manner within the superheated temperature range. However, the molar volumes in the undercooled region deviated from those calculated using an ideal solution model owing to attractive interactions between Y2O3 and Al2O3.
Nurse managers' perceptions of nurses' professional autonomy—A qualitative interview study
Authors: Pursio Katja , Kankkunen Päivi , Kvist Tarja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo describe nurse managers' perceptions of nurses' professional autonomy in hospitals and their role in promoting it.DesignA qualitative descriptive approach.MethodsFifteen nurse managers participated in semi‐structured focus group interviews in two university hospitals in Finland between May and June 2022. The data were analysed using inductive content analysis.ResultsNurses' professional autonomy in hospitals is perceived according to three themes: individual qualities behind independent actions, limited influencing opportunities in the organization and physicians' central effect. The nurse managers perceive that they enhance nurses' professional autonomy by promoting the nurses' independence at work, their sufficient and up‐to‐date competence, their expert role in multi‐professional cooperation and joint decision‐making and an open and appreciative work community.ConclusionsNurse managers can enhance nurses' professional autonomy with shared leadership. However, there are still gaps in nurses' equal possibilities to influence multi‐professional work, especially outside of patient care. Promoting their autonomy requires commitment and support from leadership at all levels of the organization. The results advise nurse managers and the administration of the organization to maximize the potential of nurses' expertise, along with encouraging nurses towards self‐leadership.ImpactThis study provides an innovative approach to nurses' roles through their professional autonomy from the perspective of nurse managers. These managers have an important role in enhancing nurses' professional autonomy, empowering and supporting them in their expertise, enabling necessary advanced training, and maintaining an appreciative work community where all have equal participation opportunities. Thus, nurse managers have the opportunity to strengthen high‐quality multi‐professional teams' ability to jointly develop the patient's care for better outcomes through their leadership.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Right‐Wing Sovereignism in the European Union: Definition, Features and Implications
Authors: Fabbrini Sergio , Zgaga Tiziano 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article investigates how traditionally anti‐European Union (EU) right‐wing parties and leaders in four EU member states reinterpreted their relation with the EU in the post‐Brexit period (2016–2022). Either for the political opportunity structure's constraints or for the costs triggered by Brexit, right‐wing European nationalists had to redefine their role in remaining in the EU. We conceptualize as ‘sovereignism’ their attempt to endogenize nationalism in the EU. Relying on discourse analysis, this article shows that right‐wing sovereignism criticized the supranational character and the centralized policy system that developed within the EU. However, right‐wing sovereignism differed in the rationale of its criticism, based more on an economic discourse in Western Europe and more on a cultural discourse in Eastern Europe, as well as on the policies to repatriate. The sovereignist approach of nationalist right‐wing parties and leaders would lead to the nationally differentiated disintegration of the EU.
BRAFV600 variant allele frequency predicts outcome in metastatic melanoma patients treated with BRAF and MEK inhibitors
Authors: Mandalà Mario , Palmieri Giuseppe , Ludovini Vienna , Baglivo Sara , Marasciulo Francesca , Castiglione Francesca , Gili Alessio , Osella Abate Simona , Rubatto Marco , Senetta Rebecca , Avallone Gianluca , Ribero Simone , Romano Luca , Pimpinelli Nicola , de Giorgi Vincenzo , Roila Fausto , Pisano Marina , Casula Milena , Manca Antonella , Sini Maria Cristina , Massi Daniela , Quaglino Pietro ,   Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI)
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic impact of variant allele frequency (VAF) on clinical outcome in BRAFV600 mutated metastatic melanoma patients (MMPs) receiving BRAF (BRAFi) and MEK inhibitors (MEKi) is unclear.Materials and MethodsA cohort of MMPs receiving first line BRAFi and MEKi was identified by inspecting dedicated databases of three Italian Melanoma Intergroup centres. VAF was determined by next generation sequencing in pre‐treatment baseline tissue samples. Correlation between VAF and BRAF copy number variation was analysed in an ancillary study by using a training and a validation cohort of melanoma tissue samples and cell lines.ResultsOverall, 107 MMPs were included in the study. The VAF cut‐off determined by ROC curve was 41.3%. At multivariate analysis, progression‐free survival (PFS) was significantly shorter in patients with M1c/M1d [HR 2.25 (95% CI 1.41–3.6, p < 0.01)], in those with VAF >41.3% [HR 1.62 (95% CI 1.04–2.54, p < 0.05)] and in those with ECOG PS ≥1 [HR 1.82 (95% CI 1.15–2.88, p < 0.05)]. Overall survival (OS) was significantly shorter in patients with M1c/M1d [HR 2.01 (95% CI 1.25–3.25, p < 0.01)]. Furthermore, OS was shorter in patients with VAF >41.3% [HR 1.46 (95% CI 0.93–2.29, p = 0.06)] and in patients with ECOG PS ≥1 [HR 1.52 (95% CI 0.94–2.87, p = 0.14)]. BRAF gene amplification was found in 11% and 7% of samples in the training and validation cohort, respectively.ConclusionsHigh VAF is an independent poor prognostic factor in MMP receiving BRAFi and MEKi. High VAF and BRAF amplification coexist in 7%–11% of patients.
The test‐negative design: Opportunities, limitations and biases
Authors: Meester Ronald , Bonte Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how to interpret the outcome of a test‐negative design study. We does so by systematically reviewing the properties of the design in relation to its potential applications. We first argue that the application of the design does not depend on certain assumptions (as is sometimes articulated in the literature), which may open new opportunities for using the design. Then, we relate a number of limitations of the design. The design cannot be used for studying the mortality effects of vaccines and is problematic for studies into the effect on hospitalization. The vaccine's effectiveness on the transmission of viruses is also potentially problematic, depending very much on the characteristics of the tests. The implication of our findings is that the test‐negative designs can, at best, be seen as an indication of effectiveness in highly idealized situations that are often far away from reality.
Links between the timing of life‐history transitions and dietary and morphological variation during early life history in the sand goby, Pomatoschistus minutus
Authors: Jensen Mikkel , Nielsen Peter J. , Wilson G. Glenn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBipartite life histories involve a suite of morphological changes that support the pelagic to demersal transition and an expanded range of prey options and microhabitats. Pelagic individuals are thought to shift (settle) to their preferred benthic habitat at the earliest opportunity once they have attained a minimum level of morphological competency to access their new environment. In theory, early changes in larval morphology (collectively termed ‘metamorphosis’), habitat and diet—a measure of habitat‐use—ought to be synchronous. Yet relationships may be decoupled by factors linked to behaviour, prey availability or morphological complexity, and few descriptions exist to allow such synchrony to be assessed. The sand goby, Pomatoschistus minutus, is a common coastal fish across north‐western Europe, with a size at larval metamorphosis and settlement of around 10 and 16–18 mm standard length (SL), respectively. We sampled shoreline larval and juvenile populations to examine relationships between morphology, diet and life stage. Prey diversity increased with body length; however, dietary change was clearest at 16–18 mm SL, with a reduction in calanoid copepods and shift to larger prey such as Nereis polychaetes and mysid and amphipod crustacea. Early growth in five prey capture and processing morphologies was rapid. Four of these showed a subsequent marked shift to slower growth, but none of these changes were aligned with size at metamorphosis and only that of mouth width coincided with body size at settlement. Early life history in P. minutus appears geared towards a protracted morphological reorganization prior to demersal life and an alternative suite of prey resources. Larval metamorphosis seems to be of limited consequence in this regard. Comparable studies of other Baltic Sea fishes would confirm whether these dynamics relate to shared environmental pressures or to factors intrinsic to P. minutus biology.
Removal of epigenetic repressive mark on inflammatory genes in fat liver
Authors: Zhang La‐Ying , Wang Chen‐Yu , Xu Qun , Mu Zi‐Qi , Lin Xiang , Li Lian‐Yun , Xiao Yong , Wu Min , Chen Ming‐Kai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. The detailed epigenomic changes during fat accumulation in liver are not clear yet. Here, we performed ChIP‐Seq analysis in the liver tissues of high‐fat diet and regular chow diet mice and investigated the dynamic landscapes of H3K27ac and H3K9me3 marks on chromatin. We find that the activated typical enhancers marked with H3K27ac are enriched on lipid metabolic pathways in fat liver; however, super enhancers do not change much. The regions covered with H3K9me3 repressive mark seem to undergo great changes, and its peak number and intensity both decrease in fat liver. The enhancers located in lost H3K9me3 regions are enriched in lipid metabolism and inflammatory pathways; and motif analysis shows that they are potential targets for transcription factors involved in metabolic and inflammatory processes. Our study has revealed that H3K9me3 may play an important role during the pathogenesis of NAFLD through regulating the accessibility of enhancers.