bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors predicting different times for brushing teeth during the day: multilevel analyses
Authors: Lee Hwa-Young , Jeong Jin-Young , Shin Sun-Jung , Park Hee-Jung , Ichiro Kawachi , Kim Nam-Hee 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The most effective and simple intervention for preventing oral disease is toothbrushing. However, there is substantial variation in the timing of brushing teeth during the day. We aimed to identify a comprehensive set of predictors of toothbrushing after lunch and after dinner and estimated contextual (i.e., geographic) variation in brushing behavior at different times of the day.
Methods
We constructed a conceptual framework for toothbrushing by reviewing health behavior models. The main data source was the 2017 Community Health Survey. We performed a four-level random intercept logistic regression to predict toothbrushing behavior. (individual, household, Gi/Gun/Gu, and Si/Do).
Results
Individuals under 30 years of age had higher likelihood of brushing after lunch, while brushing after dinner was higher among those aged 40–79 years. People engaged in service/sales, agriculture/fishing/labor/mechanics, as well as student/housewife/unemployed were 0.60, 0.41, and 0.49 times less likely to brush their teeth after lunch, respectively, compared to those working in the office, but the gap narrowed to 0.97, 0.96, 0.94 for brushing after dinner. We also found significant area-level variations in the timing of brushing.
Conclusions
Different patterns in association with various factors at individual-, household- and Si/Gun/Gu-levels with toothbrushing after lunch versus toothbrushing after dinner suggests a need for tailored interventions to improve toothbrushing behavior depending on the time of day.
A case of fulminant myocarditis associated with a novel coronavirus infection
Authors: Yan Bixia , Liu Zhengjiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 patients mainly have the high incidence and mortality of major cardiovascular diseases in the acute phase. However, fulminant myocarditis and cardiogenic shock are rare in the post-acute phase, and the prognosis is very poor.
Case presentation
Here, we report a case of a 43-year-old young man with fulminant myocarditis and cardiogenic shock in the acute phase after coronavirus infection, with timely extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and intra-aortic balloon application in respiratory failure, which improved the prognosis of fulminant myocarditis and saved the lives of COVID-19 patients. After active anti-shock, mechanical ventilation, anti-inflammation, and organ support and other treatments, the patient was discharged after a stable condition and stable vital signs. The patient was followed up weekly after discharge and showed good cardiopulmonary recovery.
Conclusions
In critically ill patients with severe myocarditis, cardiogenic shock, arrhythmia, respiratory and circulatory failure, ECMO and IABP in patients with explosive myocardial inflammatory cardiogenic shock have achieved better results.
X3DFast model for classifying dairy cow behaviours based on a two-pathway architecture
Authors: bai qiang , Gao Rong hua , Wang Rong , Li Qifeng , Yu Qinyang , Zhao Chunjiang , Li Shuqin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
More individuals are bringing up the welfare of breeding dairy cows. Breeders observe dairy cow behaviours to determine the health of the animals and act to enhance their welfare. In large dairy cow farms, human monitoring of behaviours is time-consuming. To conserve manpower, this study builds an automatic dairy cow behaviour recognition model using a deep learning methodology. The study focused on four common dairy cow behaviours: standing, walking, lying down, and mounting. To build a highly robust model, a video dataset of dairy cow behaviours with complex lighting and backgrounds was created. Based on the spatiotemporal features of dairy cow behaviours, we developed the two-pathway X3DFast dairy cow behaviour recognition model. To effectively transfer features and use the spatial and temporal features of dairy cow behaviours, the X3D pathway and the fast pathway were connected laterally. The X3D pathway is used to obtain the spatial features of dairy cow behaviours, and the fast pathway is used to obtain the temporal features of dairy cow behaviours. R(2 + 1)D convolution was introduced in the fast pathway to decompose the spatiotemporal features of dairy cow behaviours and transfer the effective spatial features to the X3D pathway to enhance the model performance. To enhance the X3D pathway's ability to model behaviour space features, the action model was added. The experimental verification demonstrates that X3DFast's top-1 is 0.9849, and model performance is superior to that of similar methods that can successfully identify the four dairy cow daily behaviours.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation instead of invasive ventilation in patients with COVID–19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pneumomediastinum: a cohort trial
Authors: Attou Rachid , Kefer Keitiane , Redant Sebastien , Velissaris Dimitrios , Iebdeh Mazen Abou , Waterplas Eric , Pierrakos Charalampos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with severe respiratory failure due to COVID–19 who are not invasively ventilated may develop severe hypoxemia due to spontaneous pneumomediastinum (PM). These patients might be harmed by invasive ventilation. Alternatively, veno − venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV–ECMO) may be utilised. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of VV–ECMO versus invasive ventilation as the initial advanced respiratory support in COVID–19 patients with acute respiratory failure due to spontaneous PM.
Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study performed between March 2020 and January 2022. Not invasively ventilated COVID–19 patients presented acute respiratory failure due to spontaneous PM needed invasive ventilation or VV–ECMO support were enrolled in this study. Mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) discharge at 90 days after ICU admission were the primary outcomes.
Results
Twenty-two patients included in this study. Thirteen patients (59%) were originally treated with invasive ventilation (Invasive ventilation group) and 9 (41%) with VV–ECMO (VV–ECMO group). VV–ECMO strategy was significantly associated with lower mortality 0.33 [95%−CI 0.12 − 0.97], P = 0.04]) (hazard ratio (HR), 0.33 [95%–confidence interval (CI) 0.12 − 0.97], P = 0.04). 5 patients of the VV–ECMO group were intubated and 8 of the invasive ventilation group were needed VV–ECMO support within 30 days. Three patients (33%) in the VV–ECMO group were discharged from ICU within 90 days compared to 1 patient (8%) in the invasive ventilation group (HR 4.71 [95%−CI 0.48 − 45.3], P = 0.18).
Conclusions
VV–ECMO without invasive ventilation is associated with a higher survival rate but not a reduced ICU length of stay in patients with COVID–19 acute respiratory failure due to spontaneous pneumomediastinum.
An Advanced Deep Learning model for Predicting Groundwater Level
Authors: Ehteram Mohammad , Ghanbari-Adivi elham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Groundwater level prediction is important for effective water management. Accurately predicting groundwater levels allows decision-makers to make informed decisions about water allocation, groundwater abstraction rates, and groundwater recharge strategies. Groundwater level prediction can also be used to develop more effective drought preparedness plans to mitigate the impact of water scarcity. In this study, we introduce a new model called self-attention (SA) temporal convolutional network (SATCN)-long short term memory neural network (SATCN-LSTM) model to predict groundwater level. The new model combines the advantages of the SATCN model and the LSTM model to overcome the limitations of the LSTM model. The SATCN model uses skip connections and self-attention mechanisms to overcome the vanishing gradient problem of the LSTM model, identify relevant and irrelevant data, and capture short-, and long-term dependencies of time series data. The new model was used to predict GWL in a large basin. Meteorological data were used to predict GWL. The SATCN-LSTM model outperformed the other models. The SATCN-LSTM model had the lowest mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.06, followed by the self-attention (SA) temporal convolutional network (SATCN) model with an MAE of 0.09. The SALSTM model had an MAE of 0.12, while the TCN-LSTM, TCN, and LSTM models had MAEs of 0.14, 0.15, and 0.17, respectively. The SATCN-LSTM model had the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.08, followed by SATCN with an RMSE of 0.11. The results of the SATCN-LSTM model provide valuable insights into the dynamics of groundwater systems. By accurately predicting groundwater levels, the SATCN-LSTM model can help ensure that groundwater resources are used sustainably and efficiently.
The Apoptotic Effects of NK-92 Cells Stimulated with an anti-CD226 Antibody on MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Dastouri Mohammadreza , Kilic Nil , Yilmaz Humeyra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Research on immunotherapy in breast cancer treatment has recently gained importance. In this context, natural killer (NK) cells have been shown to kill cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Our study used the NK-92 cells that were stimulated with anti-CD226 antibodies (sNK-92) to increase their activity to target MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells. MCF-12A normal breast cells were used as the control in all experiments. The cytotoxic effects of NK-92 and sNK-92 cells on MDA-MB-231 cells were investigated using lactate dehydrogenase tests. The sNK-92 cells were more cytotoxic than NK-92 cells on MDA-MB-231 cells. In contrast, a significant cytotoxic change was not observed in MCF-12A cells cocultured with NK-92 and sNK-92 cells. An increase in granzyme B levels after coculturing with sNK-92 cells was investigated using the granzyme B enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The sNK-92 cells secreted more granzyme B than NK-92 cells against MDA-MB-231 cells. This increase was not observed in MCF-12A, indicating that sNK-92 cells specifically target cancer cells. In addition, immunostaining was used to investigate the synthesis level of BAX, CASP3, and CASP9 proteins to determine whether the observed cytotoxic effect was due to apoptosis. These proteins were synthesized more in MDA-MB-231 cells cocultured with sNK-92 than with NK-92 cells. However, no increase in their synthesis was observed in normal breast cells cocultured with NK-92 and sNK-92 cells. In conclusion, NK-92 cells stimulated with anti-CD226 antibodies secrete more granzyme B, resulting in a greater cytotoxic effect by inducing programmed cell death (apoptosis). The fact that the observed effects on breast cancer cells were not observed in normal breast cells indicates that sNK-92 cells specifically target breast cancer cells. These results indicate the potential use of CD226-stimulated NK-92 cells in immunotherapy.
The genomic epidemiology of shigellosis in South Africa
Authors: Stenhouse George , Keddy Karen , Bengtsson Rebecca , Hall Neil , Smith Anthony , Thomas Juno , Iturriza-Gómara Mirren , Baker Kate 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Shigellosis, a leading cause of diarrhoeal mortality and morbidity globally, predominantly affects children under five years of age living in low- and middle-income countries. While whole genome sequence analysis (WGSA) has been effectively used to further our understanding of shigellosis epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance, and transmission, it has been under-utilised in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we applied WGSA to large sub-sample of surveillance isolates from South Africa, collected from 2011 to 2015, focussing on Shigella flexneri 2a and Shigella sonnei. We found each serotype was epidemiologically distinct. The four identified S. flexneri 2a clusters having distinct geographical distributions, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence profiles, while the four sub-Clades of S. sonnei varied in virulence plasmid retention. Our results support serotype specific ecology as a driver for epidemiological differences, show AMR is not required for epidemiological success in S. flexneri, and that the HIV epidemic may have promoted Shigella population expansion.
Tunable strain and bandgap in subcritical-sized
MoS2 nanobubbles
Authors: Gastaldo Michele , Varillas Javier , Rodriguez Alvaro , Velicky Matej , Frank Otakar , Martin Kalbáč 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nanobubbles naturally formed at the interface between 2D materials and their substrate are known to act as exciton recombination centers because of the reduced bandgap due to local strain, which, in turn, scales with the aspect ratio
of the bubbles. The common understanding suggests that the aspect ratio is a universal constant independent of the bubble size. Here, by combining scanning tunneling microscopy and molecular dynamics, we show that the universal aspect ratio breaks down in MoS2 nanobubbles below a critical radius (≈10 nm), where the aspect ratio increases with increasing size. Accordingly, additional atomic-level analyses indicate that the strain increases from 3% to 6% in the sub-critical size range. Using scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the bandgap decreases as a function of the size. Thus, tunable quantum emitters can be obtained in 2D semiconductors by controlling the radius of the nanobubbles.
On Q-rung orthopair Z-Numbers with an application in Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Authors: Kumar Manish , Gupta Shiv 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A Q-rung orthopair Z-number ZQ = (CQ, RQ) defined on a non-empty finite set X is a pair of two Q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets, where CQ is Q-rung orthopair fuzzy set defined on X and RQ is the reliability of the CQ in the form of Q-rung orthopair fuzzy set. In this paper, we have proposed the notion of Q-rung orthopair fuzzy Z-numbers. Further, arithmetic operations on these Z-numbers have been introduced. Furthermore, a series of dice similarity measures have been defined for Q-rung orthopair fuzzy Z-numbers. To solve the multi-criteria decision-making problems, a TOPSIS method based on these distance measures has been discussed. Furthermore, the application of the proposed method has been studied to solve an industrial problem. A sensitivity analysis of the involved parameters has been done to illustrate the stability of the proposed approach. Finally, to demonstrate the rationality and superiority of the proposed approach, a comparison of the proposed method with current methods has been carried out.
The Role of the Six Factors Model of Athletic Mental Energy in Mediating Athletes’ Well- being in Competitive Sports
Authors: Singh Amisha , Arora Mandeep Kaur , Boruah Bahniman 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In high performance sports there is a persistent need to succeed for sport players that prioritises performance even at the cost of the player’s well-being. Therefore, researchers in the field of sports psychology are now interested in developing athlete’s psychological profiles that can predict the player’s performance while maintaining the optimal level of their well-being. On the other hand, Athletic Mental Energy (AME) has been recently associated with success in sports and positive emotions. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the role of AME in athletes’ competitive performance and well-being relationships. Since underperformance in elite sports can lead to future performance related anxieties and other psychological disturbances in athletes, our study aimed to investigate if AME in athletes can mediate this directly observed relationship between performance and well-being. The practical implications of this research will enable the sport professionals to develop interventions specifically aimed at enhancing player’s mental energy post-competition to prevent any psychological disturbance that may be raised from the performance and promote players well-being. For stronger predictive validity these relationships were examined across two studies with two different set of participants (Study1 = 50; Study2 = 100), (Study 1 = Male 50%; team-sport 62%; Study 2 = Male 50%; team-sport 78%) from different sport branches (football, cricket, basketball, archery, etc). The self-report measures of sports performance (Arnold, Fletcher, Daniels, 2017), the Athletic Mental Energy Scale (AMES; Lu et al., 2018) [34], and the Psychological Well-Being (PWB) Scale (Ryff et al., 2007; Ryff, 1989) were administered post-competition on the local (study1 = 2%; study2 = 21%), regional (study1 = 4%; study2 = 16%), state (study1 = 28%; study2 = 18%), national (study 1 = 48%; study 2 = 40%), international (study1 = 10%; study2 = 2%), and professional level (study1 = 8%; study2 = 3%) sport-performers of age 18≥. The analysis for both descriptive and inferential statistics was made in the SPSS version 23 and the significance level (α) was set as p < 0.05. Our study found that both, the affective and cognitive components of AME mediated the athletes’ performance and psychological well–being relationship. Finally, the study found no significant gender differences in AME and PWB scores. Moreover, no statistical group differences in family structures were found in scores of AME but some descriptive differences in scores of PWB were found across different family structures. Our results provide preliminary evidence that AME can act as a facilitator in maintaining the players’ well-being after competitive encounters. Study implications and future directions are discussed.
Environmental and life-style risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Simba Hannah , Kuivaniemi Helena , Abnet Christian C. , Tromp Gerard , Sewram Vikash 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The African Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) corridor, which spans from Ethiopia down to South Africa, is an esophageal cancer hotspot. Disproportionately high incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer have been reported from this region.Methods We systematically assessed the evidence on environmental and life-style risk factors associated with ESCC in African populations. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and carried out a comprehensive search of all African published studies up to March 2023 using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and African Index Medicus databases.Results We identified 45 studies with measures of association [odds ratio (OR), relative risk (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)], which reported on several environmental and lifestyle risk factors for ESCC in Africa. We performed a meta-analysis on 38 studies investigating tobacco, alcohol use, combined tobacco and alcohol use, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure, hot food and beverages consumption, and poor oral health. We found significant associations between ESCC risk and all the risk factors. Analysis of fruit and vegetable consumption showed a protective effect. Using population attributable fraction (PAF) analysis, we calculated the proportion of ESCC attributable to tobacco (18%), alcohol use (12%), combined tobacco and alcohol use (18%), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure (12%), hot food and beverages consumption (16%), poor oral health (37%), and fruit and vegetable consumption (-12%).Conclusions Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption were the most studied risk factors overall. Areas where there is an emerging body of evidence include hot food and beverages, oral health and geophagia. Concurrently, new avenues of research are also emerging in PAH exposure, and diet as risk factors. Our results point to a multifactorial etiology of ESCC in African populations with further evidence on prevention potential.
DCAF1/VprBP triggers melanomagenic gene silencing through histone H2A phosphorylation
Authors: Shin Yonghwan , Kim Sungmin , Liang Gangning , Ulmer Tobias S , An Woojin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
DCAF1, also known as VprBP, is a recently identified atypical kinase and plays an important role in downregulating the transcription of tumor suppressor genes as well as increasing the risk for colon and prostate cancers. Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer arising from pigment-producing melanocytes and is often associated with dysregulation of epigenetic factors targeting histones. Here we demonstrate that DCAF1 is highly expressed and phosphorylates threonine 120 (T120) on histone H2A to drive transcriptional inactivation of growth regulatory genes in melanoma cells. As is the case for its epigenetic function in other types of cancers, DCAF1 acts to induce gene silencing program dependently of H2AT120 phosphorylation (H2AT120p). The significance of DCAF1-mediated H2AT120p is further underscored by the fact that DCAF1 knockdown- or DCAF1 inhibitor-induced lockage of H2AT120p mitigates melanoma tumor growth in xenograft models. Collectively, our results establish DCAF1-mediated H2AT120p as a key epigenetic signal for melanomagenesis and suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting DCAF1 kinase activity for effective melanoma treatment.
Cerebral homeostasis and orthostatic responses in residents of the highest city in the world
Authors: Furian Michael , Ulliel-Roche Mathilde , Howe Connor A , Zerizer Fanny , Marillier Mathieu , Bernard Anne Catherine , Hancco Ivan , Champigneulle Benoit , Baillieul Sébastien , Stauffer Emeric , Pichon Aurelien P , Doutreleau Stephane , Verges Samuel , Brugniaux Julien 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Permanent residence at high-altitude and chronic mountain sickness (CMS) may alter the cerebrovascular homeostasis and orthostatic responses. 15/13/17 healthy participants living at sea-level (LL), 3,800m (HL3800m) and 5,100m (HL5100m), respectively, and 31 additional highlanders with CMS living at 5,100m were recruited. Middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (MCAv-transcranial Doppler ultrasound), cerebral oxygen delivery (CDO2), mean blood pressure (MAP-finger plethysmography), heart rate variability (low/high frequency – LF/HF, respectively) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were assessed during 3 phases of a tilt test; while sitting, during standing-up and while standing for 3min. Cerebral autoregulation index (ARI) was estimated (ΔMCAv%baseline)/ΔMAP%baseline) in response to standing-up. Altitude and CMS were associated with hypoxemia and elevated hemoglobin concentration. While sitting, MAP increased, MCAv and LFpower decreased with altitude but were not further affected by CMS and CDO2 was preserved. BRS was comparable across all altitudes, but reduced with CMS. With standing-up, altitude and CMS were associated with a lesser reduction in MAP; ARI was unaffected by either altitude or CMS. Compared to sitting in lowlanders, standing was associated with preserved MCAv, CDO2 and BRS across all altitudes. The LF/HF ratio increased in HL5100m compared to LL and HL3800m from sitting to standing. Likewise, in CMS while standing, MCAv was reduced but CDO2 remained unaffected; however, CMS showed blunted LFpower, HFpower and LF/HF ratio responses to standing compared to sitting. Despite altitude- and CMS-associated hypoxemia, erythrocytosis and impaired blood pressure regulation (CMS only), cerebral homeostasis while sitting, standing-up and standing was overall preserved. The origin of CMS-related neurological symptoms remains to be established.