bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The first homosporous lycophyte genome revealed the association between the dynamic accumulation of LTR-RTs and genome size variation
Authors: Yu Ji-Gao , Tang Jun-Yong , Wei Ran , Lan Mei-Fang , Xiang Rui-Chen , Zhang Xian-Chun , Xiang Qiao-Ping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lycophytes and euphyllophytes (ferns and seed plants) are the two surviving lineages of vascular plants. The modern lycophytes (clubmosses) are herbaceous found either heterosporous (Isoetales and Selaginellales) or homosporous (Lycopodiales). The contrasting genome size between homosporous and heterosporous plants has long been an attractive topic. Most clubmosses are the resource plants of Huperzine A (HupA) which is invaluable for treating Alzheimer’s disease, but the evolutionary trajectory of whichin land plants is unexplored. To better understand these fundamental questions, the genome data of a homosporous lycophyte is urgently required. We generated the Lycopodium clavatum L. genome by applying a reformed pipeline for filtering out non-plant sequences. The obtained genome size is 2.30 Gb, distinguished in more than 85% repetitive elements of which 62% is LTR. Two whole genome duplications (WGDs) are rigorously detected. The content of LTR-RTs was more than ten times higher in homosporous lycophytes than heterosporous ones, although most appeared within one Mya. Then, we find that the LTR-RTs’ birth-death mode (a much greater birth and extremely slower death) contributes the accumulation of LTR-RTs resulting homosporous lycophyte genome expansion, while in heterosporous lycophytes, the mode is exactly the opposite. Furthermore, the five necessary enzymes of the HupA biosynthetic pathway were identified in the L. clavatum genome, but absent in the other land plants. This decoded genome data will be a key cornerstone to elucidating the fundamental aspects of lycophyte biology and land plant evolution.
Insights into oxygen mass transport mechanisms in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells with microelectrode
Authors: Chen Sifan , Niu Jianchun , Zhang Shuomeng , Zhang Qinghua , Chen Shiyuan , Wu Liang , Zhang Jianlin , Wang Miao , Lu Shanfu , He Qinggang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The mass transport of oxygen in the cathode catalyst layer of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) has a great impact on cell performance. However, some bulk average methods are unable to study the permeation properties of oxygen near the triple phase boundary of HT-PEMFCs due to the size mismatch. Here, we developed a microelectrode integrated system to quantitatively study the O2 mass transport behavior at the Pt/ binder interface under actual operating temperatures (100-180 °C). The oxygen diffusion coefficients and solubility obtained from potential-step chronoamperometry and a modified Cottrell equation follow the diffusion "ball-cage" model and the The mass transport of oxygen in the cathode catalyst layer of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) has a great impact on cell performance. However, some bulk average methods are unable to study the permeation properties of oxygen near the triple phase boundary of HT-PEMFCs due to the size mis-match. Here, we developed a microelectrode integrated system to quantitatively study the O2 mass transport behavior at the Pt/ binder interface under actual operating temperatures (100-180 °C). The oxygen diffusion co-efficients and solubility obtained from potential-step chronoamperometry and a modified Cottrell equation follow the diffusion "ball-cage" model and the dual-mode solubility model. Subsequently, molecular dynamics simulations were used to describe the key structural elements and diffusion behavior of oxygen molecules from the microscopic perspective. These results provide a scientific approach to study the mass transfer process of oxygen at the local environment, endowing with insightful strategies for future improvement and applications of HT-PEMFCs.
Long-term Sedentary Behavior is Associated with Depression: A Cross-sectional Analysis from NHANSE 2017-2018
Authors: Mo Hongfei , Zhang Mengying , Peng Junge , Xiao Jiang , Wang Guirong , Li Yan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Lacking physical activity (PA) is an important risk factor for depression, the continuous decline of PA inevitably leads to the prolongation of sedentary behavior (SB) among adults, and limited evidence suggests that SB is also an independent risk factor associated with depression.
Objective
This study is to investigate the association between long-term sedentary behavior (LTSB) and depression in a representative sample of the American adult population using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Materials and Methods
Data from NHANES 2017–2018 were aggregated, including demographic information, degree of depression, PA, duration of sedentary behavior, body index, etc. PA was assessed by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Depression was screened by a Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in which includes several questions (Have little interest in doing things; Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless; Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much; etc.). Logistic regression was carried out to analyze associations between LTSB and depression.
Results
A total of 4728 adults (mean age 51.00 ± 17.49 years, 2310 males and 2418 females) were recruited in this study. The SB duration < 360 /d was negatively correlated with moderate to severe depression (r=-0.146, P = 0.029), while SB duration ≥ 720 min/d was a positive correlation with depression (r = 0.472, P = 0.001), significant correlations were not observed in other SB duration. LTSB had a significant effect on depression (OR = 1.484, 95% Cl: 1.176–1.817, P = 0.001), especially in moderate to severe depression (OR = 1.697, 95% Cl: 1.229–1.342, P = 0.001). The effects remained significant after adjusting for independent variables (OR = 1.429, 95% Cl: 1.122–1.820, P = 0.004), and this association was stronger in the occurrence of moderate to severe depression (OR = 1.586, 95% Cl: 1.139–2.210, P = 0.006). Furthermore, the detection rate of depression in females (710/2418, 29.36%) was higher than that in males (484/2310, 20.95%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
LTSB is a risk factor for depression, especially in moderate to severe depression. Middle-aged females who are not married tend to be the most likely to suffer from depression.
Research priorities to enhance life for people with spinal cord injury: a Swedish priority setting partnership
Authors: Wangdell Johanna , Melin Jeanttte , Axwalter Emelie , Åhrén Gunilla , Sunnerhagen Katharina Stibrant , Lundgren-Nilsson Åsa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Study Design
Mixed-method consensus development project.

Objective
To identify the top ten research priorities for spinal cord injury (SCI).

Setting
Nationwide in Sweden in 2021–22.

Method
The priority setting partnership process proposed by the James Lind Alliance was used. It comprises two main phases: question identification and priority selection. People living with SCI, relatives of people with SCI as well as health professionals and personal care assistants working with people with SCI were included.

Results
In the first phase, 242 respondents provided 431 inputs addressing potentially unanswered questions. Of these inputs, 128 were beyond the scope of this study. The remaining 303 were merged to formulate 57 questions. The literature review found one questions answered, so 56 questions proceeded to the prioritisation. In the second phase, the interim prioritisation survey, 276 respondents ranked the 56 questions. The top 24 questions then proceeded to the final prioritisation workshop, at which 23 participants agreed on the top ten priorities.

Conclusions
This work reveals issues that persons living with SCI, relatives to persons with SCI as well as health care professionals and personal care attendants working with SCI find difficult to get answered.
The highest prioritised question in this study is to address specialist SCI care and rehabilitation, followed by questions addressing physical health. Other topics include Mental health, Ageing with SCI, Community support and personal care assistance, and Body functions. This result can guide SCI researchers to design appropriate studies for the questions that matter most to the people with SCI.
Comparison of the effects of pH-shifting, acetic acid modification and TGase treatment on the physicochemical and functional properties of wheat gluten protein
Authors: Dong Mengxue , Sun Yusha , Xiong Dandan , Song Qi , jia Jie , Liu Xuebo , Sheng Long , Duan Xiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Wheat gluten protein (WGP) is a high-quality plant-based protein resource. However, due to its unique reticulation structure, the processing properties of WGP are extremely poor, limiting its application. To overcome these drawbacks, the aim of this study was to modify wheat gluten protein by three relatively novel and mainstream chemical modifications. The results showed that the pH-shifting treatment changed the apparent morphology of the protein, showing a uniform flocculent structure, leading to significant improvements in foaming capacity and emulsification property. After deamidation by acetic acid, the solubility of WGP was greatly improved (60.1%), which was nearly four times that of the control group (15.8%), and its foam stability was also significantly improved. The WGP had the highest thermal stability (deformation temperature up to 148 ℃) after TGase deamidation. These results indicate that the three modification methods improve the functional properties of WGP in different aspects and expand its application potential.
A multifunctional integrated biomimetic spore nanoplatform for successively overcoming oral biological barriers
Authors: Song Qingling , Yang Junfei , Wu Xiaocui , Jiao Jiannan , Zhao Hongjuan , Feng Qianhua , Zhang Zhenzhong , Zhang Yun , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The biological barriers have seriously restricted the efficacious responses of oral delivery system in diseases treatment. Utilizing a carrier based on the single construction means is hard to overcome these obstacles simultaneously because the complex gastrointestinal tract environment requires carrier to have different or even contradictory properties. Interestingly, spore capsid (SC) integrates many unique biological characteristics, such as high resistance, good stability etc. This fact offers a boundless source of inspiration for the construction of multi-functional oral nanoplatform based on SC without further modification. Herein, we develop a type of biomimetic spore nanoplatform (SC@DS NPs) to successively overcome oral biological barriers. Firstly, doxorubicin (DOX) and sorafenib (SOR) are self-assembled to form carrier-free nanoparticles (DS NPs). Subsequently, SC is effectively separated from probiotic spores and served as a functional vehicle for delivering DS NPs. As expect, SC@DS NPs can efficaciously pass through the rugged stomach environment after oral administration and further be transported to the intestine. Surprisingly, we find that SC@DS NPs exhibit a significant improvement in the aspects of mucus penetration and transepithelial transport, which is related to the protein species of SC. This study demonstrates that SC@DS NPs can efficiently overcome multiple biological barriers and improve the therapeutic effect.
The Level of Serum Leptin in Non-Obese Women with and without Gestational Diabetes in Sulaimaniyah City, Iraq
Authors: Fattah Chro Najmadin , Rashid Polia Habeeb 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Obesity in pregnancy is correlated with pregnancy complications, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Objective:The present work was carried out to compare serum leptin levels in non-obese pregnant women with and without GDM.
Methods: This study included 160 pregnant women with gestation ages of 28 – 35 weeks, of which 80 were in a study group (pregnant women with GDM) and the rest were in a control group (pregnant women without GDM). Participants’ age, family health history (Hx), previous Hx, gestational age, parity, and body mass index (BMI) were collected from the women using a questionnaire. Serum leptin level and fetal amniotic index (FAI) were also measured.
Results: Significant differences were seen between both groups in terms of their age (p<0.001), parity (p=0.05), BMI (p<0.001), and leptin level (p<0.001) in which women with GDM had higher BMI and leptin levels. The results also indicated that leptin level in the GDM women was correlated with their parity (p=0.04) and BMI (p<0.001), such that multiparous women and overweight women had higher levels of serum leptin.
Conclusion: Higher serum leptin was found in GDM women, and an increased gestational age was associated with increased leptin in both GDM and non-GDM women.
Blockchain Technologies in Healthcare System for Real Time Applications Using IoT and Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Khan Shakir , Siddiqui Tamanna , Albahlal Bader M. , Alajlan Saad Abdullah , Mourade Azrour 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Data transparency, flexible access, immutability, privacy, audit, traceability, data provenance, trust, and security are fundamental issues for modern healthcare data management systems. As a promising new technology, block chain has the potential to enhance healthcare data management functions by boosting data efficiency and guaranteeing trust. The present research looked into the benefits of block chain technology in healthcare and the challenges that have prevented its widespread implementation so far. Healthcare organisations around the world are using a variety of methods to modernise into more effective, coordinated and user-cantered structures. There is an increase in both human effort and security risks when dealing with massive amounts of data, such as reports and images for each individual. Internet of Things (IoT) solutions in healthcare aim to address these problems by enhancing patient care while reducing costs through more effective use of healthcare resources. However, many different types of intrusion can pose serious risks to IoT devices. In some cases, doctors will insist that their patients use only certain labs or pharmacies, regardless of the quality of the services they provide, simply to increase the doctor's bottom line. Because of this, protecting data is essential when discussing the Internet of Things. To solve these problems, Blockchain technology has emerged as the most reliable method for protecting the privacy of control systems in real time. In this paper, we will introduce a CNN-based healthcare data security framework using the blockchain technique by generating the hash of each data point, which will alert all users of the blockchain network to any unauthorised changes to data or breaches in the supply of medicines.
Identification of microRNA-143 as a diagnostic biomarker in gastric cancer
Authors: Ju Yeongdon , Choi Go-Eun , Lee Moon Won , Jeong Myeongguk , Kwon Hyeokjin , Kim Dong Hyeok , Kim Jungho , Jin Hyunwoo , Lee Kyung Eun , Hyun Kyung-Yae , Jang Aelee 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most common types of gastrointestinal cancers and has a high incidence and mortality around the world. To suppress the progression of GC, it is essential to develop diagnostic markers. MicroRNAs regulate GC development, but a clearer insight into their role is needed before they can be applied as a molecular markers and targets.
Methods: In this study, we assessed the diagnostic value of differentially expressed (DE) microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential diagnostic biomarkers for GC using data for 389 tissue samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 21 plasma samples from GC patients.
Results: The expression of hsa-miR-143-3p (also known as hsa-miR-143) was significantly downregulated in GC according to the TCGA data and plasma samples. The 228 potential target genes of hsa-miR-143-3p were analyzed using a bioinformatics tool for miRNA target prediction. The target genes correlated with extracellular matrix organization, the cytoplasm, and identical protein binding. Furthermore, the pathway enrichment analysis of target genes showed that they were involved in pathways in cancer, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)–protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, and proteoglycans in cancer. The hub genes in the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, were matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), CD44 molecule (CD44), and SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3).
Conclusions: This study suggests that hsa-miR-143-3p may be used as a diagnostic marker for GC, contributing via the pathways involved in the development of GC.
Neuroticism mediates the association between childhood abuse and well-being in adult volunteers from the community
Authors: Fujimura Yota , Shimura Akiyoshi , Morishita Chihiro , Tamada Yu , Tanabe Hajime , Kusumi Ichiro , Inoue Takeshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background: Previous studies reported that the experience of maltreatment in childhood reduces subjective well-being in adulthood, and that neuroticism is negatively associated with subjective well-being. However, the interrelationship between childhood maltreatment, adult life events, neuroticism, and subjective well-being has not been analyzed to date.
Methods: A total of 404 adult volunteers provided responses to the following questionnaires: 1) Childhood Abuse and Trauma Scale, 2) Life Experiences Survey, 3) Neuroticism Subscale of the Shortened Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, and 4) Subjective Well-Being Inventory. Using the path model, the interrelationship between these parameters was analyzed.
Results: The effect of childhood abuse on subjective well-being was indirect, and not direct, and was mediated by neuroticism. The effect of neuroticism on the negative, but not positive, change score on the Life Experiences Survey was significant. The indirect effect of neuroticism on subjective well-being was not significant via either negative or positive change scores.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that age, subjective social status, neuroticism, and negative and positive life events were significantly associated with subjective well-being. Furthermore, using path analysis, we demonstrated the mediating role of neuroticism in the indirect effect of childhood abuse on subjective well-being.
Analysis of inflammatory protein profiles in the circulation of COVID-19 patients identifies patients with severe disease phenotypes
Authors: Keur Nick , Saridaki Maria , Ricaño-Ponce Isis , Netea Mihai G. , Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos J. , Gopalaiah Vinod Kumar Magadi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can present with a broad range of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic to severe multiple organ failure. The severity of the disease can vary depending on factors such as age, sex, and ethnicity, as well as pre-existing medical conditions. Despite efforts to identify reliable prognostic factors and biomarkers, the predictive capacity of these markers for clinical outcomes remains poor. Circulating proteins, which reflect the active mechanisms in an individual can be easily measured in clinical practice, and therefore may be useful as biomarkers for COVID-19 disease severity. In this study, we sought to identify protein biomarkers and endotypes for COVID-19 severity and evaluate their reproducibility in an independent cohort.
Methods: We investigated a cohort of 153 Greek patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in which plasma protein levels were measured using the Olink Explore 1536 panel, which consists of 1472 proteins. We compared protein profiles from severe and moderate COVID-19 patients to identify proteins associated with disease severity. To evaluate the reproducibility of our findings, we compared the protein profiles of 174 patients with comparable COVID-19 severities in a US COVID-19 cohort to identify proteins consistently correlated with COVID-19 severity in both groups.
Results: We identified 31 differentially regulated proteins, 20 of which were also significantly different in our initial cohort. Moreover, we performed unsupervised clustering of patients based on 97 proteins with the highest fold changes in order to identify COVID-19 endotypes. Clustering of patients based on differentially regulated proteins revealed the presence of three clinical endotypes. While endotypes 2 and 3 were enriched for severe COVID-19 patients, endotypes 3 represented the most severe form of the disease.
Conclusions: These results suggest that identified circulating proteins may be useful for identifying COVID-19 patients with worse outcomes, and this potential utility may extend to other populations.
Trial registration: NCT04357366
Interlacing of the Zeros and d-Orthogonality
Authors: Romdhane Neila Ben , Boukattaya Hana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Connection between the interlacing of the zeros and the orthogonality of a given sequence of polynomials was done by K.Driver. In this paper, we attempt to extend this result to some particular cases of d-orthogonal polynomials. In fact, first, we characterize the 2-orthogonality of a given sequence {Pn}n≥0, with the existence of a certain ratio cn expressed by means of the zeros of Pn. Then, for the (d + 1)-fold symmetric polynomials, {Pn}n≥0, such that Pn has qn distinct positive real zeros, n = (d + 1)qn + j, j = 0,...,d, we study the connection between the interlacing of these zeros, the d-orthogonality and the positivity of the ratio cn. Finally, for two other particular cases of d-orthogonal polynomials, we give necessary and sufficient conditions on the zeros that will assure that the sequence {Pn}n≥0, satisfies a particular (d + 1)-order recurrence relation. Many examples to illustrate the obtained results are given.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 42C05, 33C45.
Effects of streamwise turbine spacing on wake characteristics of wind farms
Authors: Wang Zewei , Dong Guodan , Li Zhaobin , Yang Xiaolei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, the effects of streamwise turbine spacings on the wake characteristics of wind farms are investigated using large-eddy simulation with an actuator disk model for the wind turbine. The simulated farm consists of 10 × 10 wind turbines located in an aligned way. Three different streamwise turbine spacings, i.e., Sx /D = 6, 8 and 10 (where D is the rotor diameter), are considered. The simulation results showed that the effects of Sx are mainly located in the near wake (x/D < 10), where the turbulence intensity is higher for smaller values of Sx. In the far wake, the streamwise velocity deficit as well as the Reynolds stresses from cases with different streamwise turbine spacings are close to each other. Terms in the budget equation for the mean kinetic energy (MKE) are examined. The analysis showed that the vertical MKE transport via mean convection and turbulence convection plays a dominant role in the velocity recovery in wind farm wakes, which are different from that in the wind farm region where the streamwise MKE flux due to mean convection also plays an important role and the role of the vertical MKE transport is different. Lastly, an existing analytical model for the wind farm wake is tested using the simulation results. A modification to the analytical model is proposed to include the effect of vertical mean convection on the velocity recovery.