bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilizing novel parthenocarpic gynoecious cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) inbreds for exploiting their heterotic potential under poly-house conditions
Authors: Thapliyal Vivek , Dhall Rajinder Kumar , Manchanda Pooja , Kaur Harleen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Eight new parthenocarpic gynoecious lines of cucumber were used for crossing in a half-diallel fashion to generate 28 F1hybrids which were evaluated along with commercial check 'Multistar' in poly-net house for eleven yield and quality traits. The analysis of variance indicated significant difference among all the genotypes for all the traits except number of seeds per fruit. The mean squares due to combining ability were significant for almost all the traits, indicating the role of both additive and non-additive gene action in inheritance of these traits. The parthenocarpic gynoecious line PBRK-10 was the best general combiner for five characters which included fruit weight, total soluble solids, fruit length, vine length and flesh to seed cavity ratio, whereas, PBRK-4 was the best general combiner for number of fruits per plant, days to first fruit harvest and yield per plant. The crosses PBRK-4 × PBRK-12 was found to be the best specific combiner for number of fruits per plant and yield per plant, PBRK-12 × PBRK-7 for fruit weight and fruit diameter and PBRK-10 × PBRK-1 for fruit length. The specific combining ability effects of the crosses and parental lines were found to be positively associated with theirper seperformance. The magnitude of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for yield per plant ranged from − 5.73 to 38.75 and − 6.77 to 45.90, respectively. The crosses PBRK-4 × PBRK-12, PBRK-4 × PBRK-9 and PBRK-9 × PBRK-1 exhibiting high positive heterosis for yield per plant along with high sca effects could be used for commercial utilization.
Orientational anisotropy of magnetic damping in Ta/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures
Authors: Rana Bivas , Otani YoshiChika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Magnetic damping controls the performance and operational speed of many spintronics devices. Being a tensor quantity, the damping in magnetic thin films often shows anisotropic behavior with the magnetization orientation, known as orientational anisotropy. Here, we studied the orientational anisotropy of damping in Ta/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures deposited on thermally oxidized Si substrate. By performing ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements based on spin pumping and inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE), we extract the damping parameter in those films and find that the orientational anisotropy of damping contains four-fold and two-fold anisotropy terms. We infer that four-fold anisotropy originates from two-magnon scattering (TMS). By studying reference Ta/CoFeB/MgO films deposited on LiNbO3 substrates, we find that the two-fold anisotropy is correlated with in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) of the films, suggesting its origin as the anisotropy in bulk spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of CoFeB film. We conclude that when IMA is very small, it has too little influence on two-fold anisotropy to be experimentally identified. However, as IMA increases, it starts to interfere with two-fold anisotropy in damping. These results will be beneficial for designing future spintronics devices.
Metformin Inhibits Ferroptosis by Inducing Autophagy in MPTP/MPP+ Models of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Wang yunfu , Zhu Jing , Wang Peihan , Wang Xiangfei , Liu Tongyu , Lv Jing , Yuan Jiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To assess whether and how Metformin (Met) functions in regulating ferroptosis in Parkinson’s disease (PD), we investigated the role and relative mechanism of Met in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model and a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced PC12 cell model of PD. We found that Met significantly relieved motor deficits induced by MPTP and improved the degeneration of substantia nigra (SN) compacta dopaminergic neurons. In addition, we found that Met reversed the changes in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), α-synuclein and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) induced by MPTP in the SN. Then, our studies showed that Met weakened MPP+-induced morphological damage and inhibited neuronal ferroptosis in PC12 cells. Moreover, our results indicated that the neuroprotective effect of Met could be partially blocked by 3-MA (an autophagy inhibitor) and RSL3 (a ferroptosis inducer) in PC12 cells. Taken together, these findings reveal that Met exerts a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting ferroptosis via autophagy in models of PD. Our results demonstrate that the modulation of autophagy and ferroptosis may act as an effective method for PD and that Met may be a promising drug for dopaminergic neuron degeneration.
The burden of long COVID: a multinational cohort analysis of Spanish and UK data including SARS-CoV-2 infections, reinfections, and matched contemporaneous test negative controls
Authors: Prieto-Alhambra Daniel , Kostka Kristin , Roel Elena , Trinh Nhung , Delmestri Antonella , Mateu Lourdes , Paredes Roger , Duarte-Salles Talita , Català Martí , Jödicke Annika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As limited data was available on the effect of persisting COVID-19 symptoms, we characterised long COVID and identified key symptoms associated with persistent disease. Using primary care data from Spain and UK, we estimated incidence rates of long COVID in the population and among COVID-19 patients over time. Subsequently, we investigated which WHO-listed symptoms were particularly differential for long COVID by comparing their frequency in COVID-19 patients vs matched test-negative controls. Lastly, we compared persistent symptoms after first infections vs. reinfections.
Fortunately, the proportion of COVID-19 cases resulting in long COVID declined over the study period. Risk for altered smell/taste, dyspnoea, and fatigue were consistently higher in long COVID patient vs controls [RR between 5.97-1.09]. All persistent symptoms were less common after reinfection than first infection.
More research is needed into the definition of long COVID, and the effect of interventions to minimise the risk and impact of persistent symptoms.
A Brief Mental Health Literacy Intervention for Saudi Health Profession Students: Warning Signs of Mental Illness
Authors: Selim Abeer , Newby Christopher , Almutairy Anwar , Aldossari Abdulrahman , Alkabba Fahad , Arabi Saeed , Ibrahim Nashwa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous research has been dedicated to educating the public about mental health with little focus on health profession students. Although available studies in the Middle East have yielded limited levels of mental health literacy among the public and particularly health profession students, mental health literacy is not adequately studied among such university students in the region. This study aimed to implement a brief digital asynchronous online educational session about the warning signs of mental illness as a form of intervention.
Method
Research question: What is the effect of an online digital educational session about warning signs of mental illness on health profession students’ mental health literacy levels? A quasi-experimental, one-group pretest-posttest study design was used. A convenience sample of 493 undergraduate health profession students in Saudi Arabia completed a pre-intervention survey, a digital online educational session, and a post-intervention survey.
Results
Upon conducting the digital online educational session, all items related to knowledge about warning signs of mental illness and the majority of the items related to attitudes toward mental illness and treatment significantly increased.
Conclusions
The study’s mental health literacy survey which highlighted the warning signs of mental illness was valid and reliable. The brief digital online educational session enhanced health profession students’ mental health literacy. Mental health literacy amongst health profession students can be augmented through mentorship during academic training or new appointments in practice.
ESTIMation of the ABiLity of prophylactic central compartment neck dissection to modify outcomes in low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: HARTL Dana , Godbert Yann , Carrat Xavier , Bardet Stéphane , Lasne-Cardon Audrey , Vera Pierre , Ilies Elena , Zerdoud Slimane , Sarini Jérôme , Zalzali Mohamad , Manna Luigi La , Schneegans Olivier , Kelly Antony , Kauffmann Philppe , Rodien Patrice , Brunaud Laurent , Grunenwald Solange , Housseau Elie , Laghouati Salim , Bouvet Nathalie , Lecerf Elodie , Lamartina Livia , Schlumberger Martin , Borget Isabelle 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Prophylactic central neck dissection in clinically low-risk cT1bT2N0 papillary thyroid carcinoma is controversial, due to a large number of conflicting retrospective studies, some showing an advantage in terms of locoregional recurrence, others showing no advantage. These previous studies all show high rates of excellent response. We aim to demonstrate the non inferiority of thyroidectomy alone as compared to total thyroidectomy with prophylactic central neck dissection in conjunction with adjuvant RAI 30 mCi with rTSH stimulation in terms of excellent response at 1 year.
Trial Design and Methods
Prospective randomized open multicenter phase III trial including patients with 11-40 mm papillary thyroid carcinoma (Bethesda VI) or suspicous cytology (Bethesda V) confirmed malginant on intraoperative frozen section analysis, with no suspicious lymph nodes on a specialized preoperative ultrasound examination. Patients will be randomized 1:1 into two groups : the reference group total thyroidectomy with bilateral prophylactic central neck dissetion, and the comparator group total thyroidectomy alone. All patients will receive an ablative dose of 30mCi of radioactive iodine (RAI) within 4 months of surgery. The primary outcome is to compare the rate of excellent response at 1 year after surgery between the groups, as defined by an unstimulated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level ≤ 0.2 ng/mL with no anti-Tg antibodies, an normal neck ultrasound and no ectopic uptake on the post-RAI scintiscan. Non-inferiority will be demonstrated if the rate of patients with excellent response at 1 year after randomization does not differ by more than 5%. Setting the significance level at 0.025 (one-sided) and a power of 80% requires a sample size of 598 patients (299 per group). Secondary outcomes are to compare Tg levels at 8 +/- 2 postoperative weeks, before RAI ablation, the rate of excellent response at 3 and 5 years, the rate of other responses at 1, 3 and 5 years (biochemical incomplete, indeterminate and structurally incomplete responses), complications, quality of life and cost-utility.
Discussion (potential implications)
If non-inferiority is demonstrated with this high-level evidence, prophylactic neck dissection will have been shown to not be necessary in clinically low risk papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Trial Registration : NCT 03570021
Local hydraulic jump effects on sediment deposition in open-channel flume experiments
Authors: Fu Shihao , Zhou Maolin , Xu Weilin , Wei Wangru , Wang Guoguang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
When a river channel is narrow, bifurcated, or intersected, or when extreme weather or geological disasters cause shed rock masses to occupy a river flood channel, local hydraulic jumps may develop in the channel. Natural disasters such as landslides, floods, and debris flows occur upstream, will result large transport rate of large-sized gravel particles. Those particles may be blocked in hydraulic jump areas, causing river channel water depth to rise. In this study, the effect of local hydraulic jumps on the sediment deposition rate was investigated in flume experiments. The ratio of upstream and downstream Froude numbers, particle size, Sediment supply intensity, and flow discharge all affected the sediment deposition rate. With increases in the ratio of upstream and downstream Froude numbers, particle size, and sediment supply intensity, the sediment deposition rate increased. The sediment deposition rate decreased with an increase in flow discharge. Therefore, approach hydraulic conditions and particle properties jointly determined the sediment deposition rate in a hydraulic jump section, and an empirical formula was developed using those parameters to calculate the sediment deposition rate. Thus, to identify risks and prevent disasters in mountain rivers, local changes in hydraulic conditions and particle properties need to be jointly evaluated.
Enhanced Goos-Hänchen Shift of SPR Sensor with TMDCs and Doped PANI/Chitosan Composites for Heavy Metal Ions Detection in Aquatic Environment
Authors: Jin Min , Liu Junying , Xu Wentao , Deng Diangwei , Han Lei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan composite for detection of heavy metal ions in an aquatic environment is proposed and analyzed. The Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift is employed as an important method for analyzing the performance of the SPR sensor. It is theoretically shown that the GH shift can be significantly enhanced in the SPR structure silver (Ag) coated with a TMDCs and PANI/CS heterostructure. When the incident light wavelength is 632.8nm, the refractive index of Cu2+ ion is 1.3516. Through comparison and optimization analysis, when the thickness of MoSe2 and PANI/chitosan is monolayer and 123 nm, respectively, the maximum GH shift is -2067λ at resonance angle 69.19°. When different Cu2+ ion concentrations are added into the sample layer, the refractive index of the sample and GH shift of the SPR sensor will change. The maximum sensitivity of 2.425×106 λ/RIU is obtained by Ag-WSe2-PANI/chitosan structure, which is 463.42 times higher than the traditional SPR Ag film and 112.84 times higher than Ag-PANI/chitosan structure. The discovery of the Kretschmann structure SPR sensor with 2D material provides a new development direction for the detection of heavy metal ions in an aquatic environment.
Image Processing of Landsat-8 OLI Satellite Data for Mapping of Alkaline-Carbonatite Complex, Southern India
Authors: Ranjithkumar S , Anbazhagan S , Tamilarasan K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The alkaline-carbonatite igneous intrusion occupies a very less aerial extent on the earth's surface; however, it is an important source rock for REE, LILE and radioactive elements. The origin of the alkaline-carbonatite suite is always related to tectonic settings such as continental drift and suture zone. In this context, the Samalpatti and Sevathur alkaline-carbonatite complex is an area of interest among various geoscientists. The moderate resolution Landsat-8 OLI satellite data is digitally processed using ENVI 5.3 image processing software for the interpretation of various lithology in the terrain. The Samalpatti-Sevathur complex is covered by different rock types including syenite, pyroxenites, dunite, carbonatite, and epidote hornblende gneiss. The carbonatites are emplaced as elongated bodies, dykes and scattered nodules in ultramafic formation. The mapping of ultramafic formations is important, since it contains carbonatite emplacement in the complex. The seven band OLI data covered under the visible, near infrared, and shortwave infrared spectrum were processed for the generation of colour composite images, band ratios, principle component analysis (PCA) images, and support vector machine (SVM) classified output. The digitally processed satellite images are useful in the interpretation of different rock types, particularly the ultramafic formation. Out of various outputs, the FCC, the composite image B652, colour composite images from ratio output, PCA composite images in RGB filters, and SVM classified image are suitable for interpretation of different lithology in the terrain.
Research on Design and Cutting Performance of Gradient Helix Edge End Mill
Authors: Ding Mingna , Liu Xianli , Yue Caixu , Fan Mengchao , Xia Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There are inequable force-induced deformation, obvious cutting vibration problems during side milling of low-rigidity frame and beam parts, resulting in unsatisfactory dimensional accuracy and surface quality. Most of these parts are side-milled by end mill, which currently in use do not take into account the workpiece stiffness imparity. Therefore, the concept of Gradient Helix Edge (GHE) is proposed in this research and its advantages are analyzed. The general mathematical model is given. And the parabola is taken as an example for the GHE space equation derived, of which accuracy is verified by numerical simulation. Finally, The comparison experiment with the invariant helix edge end mill was completed. The results showed that the milling force perpendicular to the milling surface of the GHE end mill was smaller and less fluctuation, which could obtain less force-induced deformation theoretically. The milling process was smoother, and better surface quality was obtained. The excellent performance of the GHE end mill was further verified by milling different features.
Intraperitoneal administration of carcinoembryonic antigen-directed CAR-T cells is a robust delivery route for effective treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer
Authors: Qian Siyuan , Chen Jun , Zhao Yongchun , Zhu Xiuxiu , Dai Depeng , Qin Lei , Hong Juan , Xu Yanming , Yang Zhi , Li Yunyan , Castellano Ismael Guijo , Jiménez-Galanes Santos , Labajo Héctor Guadalajara , García-Arranz Mariano , García-Olmo Damián , Shen Junjie , Villarejo-Campos Pedro , Qian Cheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer is a highly challenging disease to treat, and as such constitutes a pressing issue in medicine. Adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells has shown impressive efficacy in hematologic malignancies, though the approach has been less effective in solid tumors when delivered via intravenous (i.v.) routes. We explored whether intraperitoneal administration of CAR-T cells could provide an effective and robust route for treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer.
Methods: To generate carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific CAR-T cells, we constructed a lentiviral transfer plasmid encoding a second-generation CAR composed of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) from BW431/26, the CD8 alpha hinge region, 4-1BB co-stimulatory domain, and the CD3zeta T cell activation domain. We established various animal models of peritoneal carcinomatosis with intraperitoneal (i.p.) and extraperitoneal metastasis. Tumor-bearing animals were treated by i.p. or i.v. administration of CEA CAR-T cells. Treatment efficacy was evaluated and kinetic expansion and tissue distribution of CAR-T cells were studied.
Results: CEA-directed CAR-T cells showed high tumor cell cytotoxicity in vitro. Intraperitoneally administered CAR-T cells exhibited superior antitumor activity compared to systemic i.v. cell infusion in an animal model of peritoneal carcinomatosis. In addition, i.p. administration conferred a durable effect and protection against tumor recurrence and exerted strong antitumor activity in an animal model of peritoneal carcinomatosis with metastasis in intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal organs. Our data further indicate that when compared to systemic delivery, i.p. transfer of CAR-T cells could provide increased antitumor activity in extraperitoneal tumors without PC. This phenomenon was further confirmed in an animal model of pancreatic carcinoma after intraperitoneal administration of our newly constructed prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA)-directed CAR-T cells. On a mechanistic level, our data evidenced rapid and high CAR-T cell expansion and high persistence in peripheral blood following i.p. cell administration.
Conclusions: Intraperitoneal administration of CAR-T cells could be an effective and robust route for therapy of peritoneal carcinomatosis with metastasis in intra- and extraperitoneal organs. These findings hold great promise for CAR-T cell therapy in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Time trends in adolescent school absences and associated bullying involvement between 2000 and 2019: a nationwide study
Authors: Alanko Katarina , Melander Katja , Ranta Klaus , Engblom Janne , Kosola Silja 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Education is a central determinant of adolescent health. School absences and bullying involvement jeopardize educational attainment. We analyzed time trends in school absenteeism over two decades and examined the association of absenteeism with bullying involvement. We analyzed data from the nationwide School Health Promotion study, with self-reported data from Finnish middle school students in grades 8 and 9 (ages 14–17, N = 1 000 970). Questionnaires assessed frequency of illness absences (IA), truancy, frequency of bullying victimization (BV), bullying perpetration (BP), and involvement in both bullying perpetration and victimization (BPV). Frequent school absences were defined as occurring at more than 3 days during the prior month (2000–2015), or least weekly (2017–2019). Frequent IA increased from 12% in 2000 to 22% in 2015. In 2017–2019 frequent IA was reported by 3.5%. Frequent truancy declined from 9% in 2000 to 4% in 2015, and 2017–2019. BV was reported at least weekly by 6.9%, BP by 5.4% and BVP by 1.9% of participants. In a logistic regression model, all kinds of bullying involvement increased odds for both IA and truancy. Since bullying involvement was associated with both IA and truancy, particular concern should be raised for adolescents involved in bullying, and for their social and educational functioning. The concurrent increase in IA and decrease in truancy may reflect destigmatization of mental health problems or other changing patterns in reporting absenteeism.
A solid preparation of phytochemicals: Improvement of the solubility and bioavailability of Astragaloside IV based on β-cyclodextrin microencapsulation
Authors: Wang Yao , Qin Xiang-Yu , Guo Na , Zhu Han-Lin , Fu Yu-Jie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Astragaloside IV/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex(AsIV/β-CD IC) was successfully prepared by low-temperature sedimentation technology. Under the preparation conditions inclusion temperature 60℃, inclusion time 3h, core-wall material molar ratio 1:1, and inclusion rate 750 rpm, ­­­the optimal encapsulation efficiencyreached 81.63%. It was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and thermogravimetric (TGA). Physicochemical characterization of the AsIV/β-CD IC indicated that the complexation of AsIV/β-CD was successful, and the thermal stability of AsIV wasimproved clearly. Through granulation technology, astragalus saponin granules (ASG) with uniform size from AsIV/β-CD IC were obtained. ASG possessed significant water-solubility and storage stability beside fine taste. In addition, ASG demonstrated beneficial bioactivity in antioxidant and antibacterial functions. Antioxidative stress detection showed that ASG could inhibit the increase of MDA content and the decrease of SOD content in cells caused by LPS. In addition, in vitro antibacterial experiments of ASG showed that ASG has obvious antibacterial activity against 6 strains, especially the MIC value of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis reached 12.5 mg/mL.