bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deoxygenation, Acidification and Warming in Waquoit Bay, USA, and a Shift to Pelagic Dominance
Authors: Long Matthew H. , Mora Jordan W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Coastal nutrient pollution, or eutrophication, is commonly linked to anthropogenic influences in terrestrial watersheds, where land-use changes often degrade water quality over time. Due to gradual changes, the management and monitoring of estuarine systems often lag environmental degradation. One example can be found at the Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, where we developed an analysis framework to standardize and analyze long-term trends in water quality and submerged vegetation data from monitoring programs that began in the 1990s. These programs started after the nearly complete loss of historically extensive Zostera marina (eelgrass) meadows throughout the estuary. Recently, eelgrass only persisted in small, undeveloped sub-embayments of the estuary, with conservative declines of over 97% in areal coverage. Over the past 2 decades, the average deoxygenation, acidification, and warming were −24.7 µmol O2 kg−1 (−11%), 0.006 µmol H+ kg−1 (+ 34%), and 1.0 °C (+ 4%), respectively. Along with the loss of eelgrass, there was also a decline in macroalgal biomass over 3 decades, resulting in a system dominated by pelagic metabolism, indicated by a 71% increase in water column chlorophyll a concentrations since 2009. This recent increase in phytoplankton biomass, which is highly mobile and transported throughout the estuary by tides, has resulted in recent degradation of isolated embayments despite their lower nutrient loads. This shift toward pelagic dominance in Waquoit Bay may indicate that other eutrophic and warming estuaries may also shift toward pelagic dominance in the future, as the Northeastern US is one of the fastest warming regions across the world.
Multi-focal Stimulation of the Cortico-cerebellar Loop During the Acquisition of a Novel Hand Motor Skill in Chronic Stroke Survivors
Authors: Wessel M.J. , Draaisma L.R. , Durand-Ruel M. , Maceira-Elvira P. , Moyne M. , Turlan J.-L. , Mühl A. , Chauvigné L. , Koch P.J. , Morishita T. , Guggisberg A.G. , Hummel F.C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractImpairment of hand motor function is a frequent consequence after a stroke and strongly determines the ability to regain a self-determined life. An influential research strategy for improving motor deficits is the combined application of behavioral training and non-invasive brain stimulation of the motor cortex (M1). However, a convincing clinical translation of the present stimulation strategies has not been achieved yet. One alternative and innovative approach is to target the functionally relevant brain network-based architecture, e.g., the dynamic interactions within the cortico-cerebellar system during learning. Here, we tested a sequential multifocal stimulation strategy targeting the cortico-cerebellar loop. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied simultaneously to a hand-based motor training in N = 11 chronic stroke survivors during four training sessions on two consecutive days. The tested conditions were: sequential multifocal (M1-cerebellum (CB)-M1-CB) vs. monofocal control stimulation (M1-sham-M1-sham). Additionally, skill retention was assessed 1 and 10 days after the training phase. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation data were recorded to characterize stimulation response determining features. The application of CB-tDCS boosted motor behavior in the early training phase in comparison to the control condition. No faciliatory effects on the late training phase or skill retention were detected. Stimulation response variability was related to the magnitude of baseline motor ability and short intracortical inhibition (SICI). The present findings suggest a learning phase-specific role of the cerebellar cortex during the acquisition of a motor skill in stroke and that personalized stimulation strategies encompassing several nodes of the underlying brain network should be considered.
An approach to using foraminifera in sequence stratigraphic analysis of Wadi Qena, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Mandur Medhat M. M. , Hewaidy Abdel Galil A. , Farouk Sherif , Agroudy Ibrahim S. El 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn Egypt, Wadi Qena Middle Eastern Desert, Paleogene successions exposed at Hawashiya and Abu Had sections from north to south were measured and comprehensively investigated for their foraminiferal content. The Dakhla, Tarawan, and Esna formations make up the investigated sections. The studied successions are subdivided into six biozones; they are five zones of the Late Paleocene (Igorina albearisubzone (P3b),G. Globanomalina pseudomenardii/P. Parasubbotina variospirasubzone (P4a),Acarinina subsphaericasubzone (P4b),A. soldadoensis/G. pseudomenardiisubzone (P4c),Morozovella velascoensiszone (P5), and one zone of the Early Eocene (P. Pseudohastigerina wilcoxensis/M. velascoensiszone (E2). The paleoenvironmental interpretations and interpretation of sea level changes over the study area during the Paleocene-Eocene time interval have been carried out based on the lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, paleoecologic parameters (total foraminiferal number (TFN), diversity indices of foraminifera, life strategies of planktonic foraminifera, planktonic/benthonic (P/B) foraminiferal ratio, agglutinated/calcareous benthonic foraminiferal ratios, benthonic foraminiferal biofacies and total organic carbon (TOC), and calcium carbonate CaCo3%). Five sequences are identified in the studied Lower Paleogene successions in the Wadi Qena area. Four depositional sequences are determined in the Paleocene, and one in the Lower Eocene. A comprehensive description of these depositional sequences and their boundaries is provided. The findings of the current study are calibrated with sequence stratigraphy of the world sea-level variations.
Fuzzy PROMETHEE model for public transport mode choice analysis
Authors: Oubahman Laila , Duleba Szabolcs 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe importance of public transportation service quality research is significantly increasing in recent years, it is the key to understanding and analyzing passengers’ preferences. Different approaches are utilized to explore users’ preferences however, dominantly these apply merely subjective scoring of the attributes and alternatives of the mobility. In this paper, we design a specific model for public transportation mode choice which is capable of integrating subjective scoring with scoring by objective measures such as distance or time. Owing to this purpose, we combine the outranking Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) as a method to evaluate passengers’ preferences for tangible and intangible criteria with the fuzzy theory, and the Graphical Analysis for Interactive Aid (GAIA) plane to visualize the interactions between attributes as well as to test the robustness of the results via sensitivity analysis. The contribution of this paper is the constructed integrative method that is less subjective than the well-known models but also keeps the freedom of individual evaluators in expressing their preferences. Moreover, another significant issue of mode choice analysis is the group consideration, which is also refined in the new methodology by taking into account not only the mean of group preferences but also their range. A common characteristic of public surveys, the possible vague responses of the layman pattern is solved with the fuzzy approach to reduce the risk of uncertain scoring. The proposed model acts as a great base for the fuzzy inference system that can facilitate mode choice for passengers within a changing environment. The efficiency of the new methodology is demonstrated through a real-world case study of Budapest city, the obtained results are supporting underground mode service quality and highlighting its impact on citizens’ behavior in favor of public transport.
Heterogeneous impacts of home-gardening on household food and nutrition security in Rwanda
Authors: Issahaku Gazali , Kornher Lukas , Saiful Islam Abu Hayat Md. , Abdul-Rahaman Awal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study examines farmers’ decisions to engage in subsistence home-gardening and its impact on food and nutrition security among farm households in Rwanda under diverse conditions. The study uses a nationally representative dataset from Rwanda from 2012, 2015, and 2018. We employ an endogenous switching regression model to jointly estimate the drivers of home-gardening participation decisions and food and nutrition security outcomes, whiles accounting for selection bias from observable and unobservable factors. We also estimate the treatment effects of home-gardening participation on dietary diversity, food consumption score, and anthropometric markers of women and children. The treatment effects are calculated at sample means and connected to market-related variables, such as land ownership, commercialization extent, and market distance. We find that having a home-garden is linked to improved dietary diversity and better nutritional outcomes. If households have restricted access to land and reside further away from marketplaces, the benefits are larger. In contrast, the benefits of home-gardening are positive and significant regardless of the level of commercialization of production. We also discover that family size, gender, education, access to land, and livestock ownership are statistically significant drivers of home-gardening participation in Rwanda. However, the amount of commercialization did not affect a household’s decision to participate in home-gardening.
Fuzzy logic for situation awareness: a systematic review
Authors: D’Aniello Giuseppe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSituation awareness is the cognitive capability of human and artificial agents to perceive, understand and predict the status of the situation in an environment. Situation awareness systems aim at supporting the situation awareness of human and artificial agents using computational techniques, models, and approaches for supporting the assessment, tracking, and prediction of critical situations. Fuzzy logic formalisms have been extensively used in situation awareness systems thanks to their capability of dealing with uncertainties while providing agents with easily understandable models of situations and decisions. This paper proposes a systematic, unbiased, and updated review of the literature on fuzzy logic for situation awareness from 2010 to 2021, conducted using the PRISMA methodology, analyzing 139 articles. An in-depth discussion of the main open challenges and future research directions is provided.
Kinesthetic Coordination Abilities in 6-Year-Old Children: School Quintile, Gender, and Hand Dominance Differences
Authors: Bonafede Carmen , van der Merwe Elna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProprioceptive kinaesthetic control underpins motor movements of developing children and can be influenced by several factors. The main aim of this study was to establish proprioceptive kinaesthetic coordination differences in six-year-olds from different school quintiles, of different genders, and with different handedness. A total of 193 six-year-olds from 10 schools of different quintiles in the Motheo District, Mangaung, were included, of which 97 (50.3%) were boys and 96 (49.7%) were girls. A quantitative cross-sectional study design was followed to determine proprioceptive kinaesthetic coordination differences. Right-handed participants performed significantly better than left-handed participants in the Finger-to-Nose task (p = 0.0125) when moving and positioning their dominant arm and hand. When using their dominant arm, significant differences in the shoulder-level-arm-raise (p = 0.0288) favoured boys. Girls showed superior execution of the force perception task (p = 0.0322). In conclusion, significant proprioceptive kinaesthetic coordination differences in six-year-olds were mainly not evident. Future work should explore proprioceptive kinaesthetic coordination differences in children of other ages and determine the practical implications of identified differences.
Homogeneous Riemannian structures in dimension three
Authors: Calviño-Louzao E. , Ferreiro-Subrido M. , García-Río E. , Vázquez-Lorenzo R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this note, we determine all the homogeneous structures on non-symmetric three-dimensional Riemannian Lie groups. We show that a non-symmetric three-dimensional Riemannian Lie group admits a non-canonical homogeneous structure if and only if its isometry group has dimension four.
Prediction model of volume average diameter and analysis of atomization characteristics in electrostatic atomization minimum quantity lubrication
Authors: Jia Dongzhou , Li Changhe , Liu Jiahao , Zhang Yanbin , Yang Min , Gao Teng , Said Zafar , Sharma Shubham 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMinimum quantity lubrication (MQL) is a relatively efficient and clean alternative to flooding workpiece machining. Electrostatic atomization has the merits of small droplet diameter, high uniformity of droplet size, and strong coating, hence its superiority to pneumatic atomization. However, as the current research hotspot, the influence of jet parameters and electrical parameters on the average diameter of droplets is not clear. First, by observing the shape of the liquid film at the nozzle outlet, the influence law of air pressure and voltage on liquid film thickness (h) and transverse and longitudinal fluctuations are determined. Then, the mathematical model of charged droplet volume average diameter (VAD) is constructed based on three dimensions of the liquid film, namely its thickness, transverse wavelength (λh), and longitudinal wavelength (λz). The model results under different working conditions are obtained by numerical simulation. Comparisons of the model results with the experimental VAD of the droplet confirm the error of the mathematical model to be less than 10%. The droplet diameter distribution span value Rosin-Rammler distribution span (R.S) and percentage concentrations of PM10 (particle size of less than 10 µm)/PM2.5 (particle size of less than 2.5 µm) under different working conditions are further analyzed. The results show that electrostatic atomization not only reduces the diameter distribution span of atomized droplets but also significantly inhibits the formation of PM10 and PM2.5 fine-suspension droplets. When the air pressure is 0.3 MPa, and the voltage is 40 kV, the percentage concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 can be reduced by 80.72% and 92.05%, respectively, compared with that under the pure pneumatic atomization condition at 0.3 MPa.
Method for the measurement of triboelectric charge transfer at solid–liquid interface
Authors: Chen Qin , Cheng Bingxue , Wang Tiancheng , Shang Hongfei , Shao Tianmin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTriboelectrification between a liquid and a solid is a common phenomenon in our daily life and industry. Triboelectric charges generated at liquid/solid interfaces have effects on energy harvesting, triboelectrification-based sensing, interfacial corrosion, wear, lubrication, etc. Knowing the amount of triboelectric charge transfer is very useful for studying the mechanism and controlling these phenomena, in which an accurate method is absolutely necessary to measure the triboelectric charge generated at the solid—liquid interface. Herein, we established a method for measuring the charge transfer between different solids and liquids. An equipment based on the Faraday cup measurement was developed, and the leakage ratio (rl) was quantified through simulation based on an electrostatic field model. Typical experiments were conducted to validate the reliability of the method. This work provides an effective method for charge measurement in triboelectrification research.
Ultra-robust icephobic coatings with high toughness, strong substrate adhesion and self-healing capability
Authors: Zhuo Yizhi , Håkonsen Verner , Liu Siqi , Li Tong , Wang Feng , Luo Sihai , Xiao Senbo , He Jianying , Zhang Zhiliang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEnabling surfaces with passive anti-icing properties is an emerging, facile, economical, and energy-saving strategy to mitigate the harm caused by ice accretion. However, the combination of icephobicity and robustness remains a daunting challenge. Herein, we present an ultra-robust transparent icephobic coating with high toughness, strong substrate adhesion, and self-healing capability. Hydrophobicity, smoothness, and softness of the coating guarantee low ice adhesion strength. By incorporating a spongy structure, the ice adhesion strength of the coating is lowered further down to 26.7 ± 1.1 kPa. Importantly, the coating exhibits high toughness, strong adhesion to the substrate, and self-healing capability due to the presence of multiple hydrogen bonding. Consequently, the coating maintains its icephobicity after 35 icing/deicing cycles and 600 abrasion cycles, is resilient to delamination, and is able to heal and recover its icephobicity from the mechanical damage introduced by both cuts and abrasions. Moreover, the coating sustains its icephobicity after eight months of immersion in saltwater, as well as exposure to the near-arctic weather in Trondheim (Norway). This work presents new insights into the design of robust icephobic coatings that can sustain severe mechanical loading for use in real complex environments.
Response and prediction of unsaturated permeability of loess to microstructure
Authors: Wang Haiman , Ni Wankui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe study of water infiltration helps to investigate the pollutants' migration, grasp the mechanism of the water cycle, and correctly evaluate water resources. This paper reveals the mechanism of compacted loess's one-dimensional vertical water infiltration characteristics using a low-cost water infiltration device. In addition, it investigates particle arrangement and pore size distribution characteristics using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The test finding suggests that the loess's early-stage infiltration rate is significant, and the dry density is not related to the infiltration characteristics. With the advance of the wetting front, the infiltration rate decreases under air resistance. The unsaturated permeability decreases with dry density at lower matric suction while unaffected by the dry density at higher matric suction. Moreover, the volume and connectivity of pores mainly control the water infiltration characteristics. Finally, based on the test results, a method for rapidly predicting the unsaturated permeability of loess is proposed. The results of the study help predict contaminant transport and guide groundwater extraction and management.
Automatic characterization of spherical metal powders by microscope image analysis: a parallel computing approach
Authors: Li Xiang , Cui Linyi , Shonkwiler Sara , McMains Sara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe microstructural characteristics of spherical metal powders play an important role in determining the quality of mechanical parts manufactured by powder metallurgy processes. Identifying the individual powder particles from their microscopic images is one of the most convenient and cost-efficient methods for the analysis of powder characteristics. Although numerous image processing algorithms have been developed for automating the powder particle identification process, they perform less accurately in identifying adjacent particles that are heavily overlapped in their image regions. We propose an automatic algorithm to robustly and accurately identify spherical powder particles, especially heavily overlapped particles, from their microscope images. A parallel computing framework is designed to further enhance the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Powder characteristics such as particle size distribution and the location of potential satellite particles have been derived from our identification results. The accuracy and efficiency of our algorithm are validated by real-world scanning electron microscope images, outperforming other existing methods and achieving both precision and recall above 99%.
A new algorithm for uncertainty quantification for thermal conductivity measurement on polymers with the Haakvoort method using differential scanning calorimetry considering specimen height and real contact area
Authors: Yagdjian Harutyun , Rommelfanger Simon , Gurka Martin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA new algorithm for the quantification of uncertainty in thermal conductivity measurements on polymers according to the Haakvort method is presented. This fast and convenient method using differential scanning calorimetry has been established as DIN EN ISO Standard 11357–8 with an error margin of 5–10%, which is a rather large value when considering that this is an important material parameter for many applications and is often used in combined quantities, such as thermal diffusivity or thermal effusivity. Unfortunately, the DIN EN ISO standard does not provide useful information on the dependence of the error range on the number of specimens or important parameters, such as the height of the specimens or their real contact area. Applying a rigorous statistical approach, based on the law of large numbers (LLN) and different techniques which are also used in well-known methods, such as Monte-Carlo- or Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, we establish and investigate a method to optimize the experimental effort to a specific target, especially the number of specimens, the aspect ratio and the real contact surface of the specimen.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Research on reliability evolutionary optimization of relays device based on Multi-Markov model
Authors: Wang Xiang , Zhao JianFeng , Wang GaoLei , Wang TianShuo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs a critical component of the present day power system, a few studies have been conducted on the optimization and future prediction for quality reliability of relay protection devices during their production stage of intelligent testing. Therefore, in this study, a Markov model of multimodal hierarchical spatial states is proposed (1) to calculate the stationary probability and comprehensive availability of different spatial state transfers (2) to predict the quality reliability of the device during production intelligence testing and (3) to infer and calculated the integrated availability of the relay protection device for its future operation during testing. Statistical results from the theoretical findings of this study are highly relevant when compared to the actual operation of relay protection device systems. The correctness of the model calculation method proposed in this study is verified, which provides a feasible method for reliability assessment of relay protection device intelligence tests. In addition, it was also found that the failure rate of the device internal module CPU has a relatively large impact on the comprehensive availability. It is therefore recommended to focus on CPU module detection and timely replacement during the maintenance cycle of on-site operations and maintenance. Finally, the CPU module failure rate threshold for production intelligence testing was amended, which is a valuable indicator for the evolutionary optimization of quality problems in actual smart manufacturing and testing.