bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Surgical Treatment of Hallux Valgus Utilization Minimally Invasive and Percutaneous Techniques with a Shannon Burr: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gonzalez Tyler , Encinas Rodrigo , Jackson J. Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Bunion Introduction/ Purpose: Recently there has been an increase in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for the correction of hallux valgus deformity. This systematic review aims to evaluate and present the current literature on MIS hallux valgus correction in studies reporting the use of the Shannon burr with distal metatarsal osteotomies to help establish evidence-based guidelines for surgeons utilizing this technique. Methods: Two independent authors performed a systematic literature search using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol and the Cochrane Handbook guidelines were followed. All studies included were published from 2008 to 2022 and included the use of the Shannon burr during distal metatarsal osteotomies minimally invasive surgery for hallux valgus and at least 12-month follow-up. The MINORS score criteria was utilized to evaluate the strength and quality of 17 studies by three authors. Statistical analysis and meta-analysis were not performed due to the heterogeneity of the included studies and the data being descriptive. Results: A total of 17 studies were reviewed. A total of 911 subjects were included, and 1088 MIS procedures were performed. The average follow-up was 23.8 (12-59.1) months. AOFAS and VAS scores improved from 52.1 (41-62.5) to 90.3 (83.3-97.1) and 4.9 (3-8.2) to 0.8 (0-1.9). Satisfaction rates were very high among the studies that reported it. The HVA, IMA and DMAA angle improved from 31.4 (23.5-44.1) to 11.1 (7-17.2).), 13.4 (8.1-18.6) to 7.3 (4.2-10.3), and 12.3 (9-16.3) to 4.1 (1-6.7). Complication rate was 16.6%. Recurrence was 2.2%. Nonunion 0.4%, infections 1.1%, nerve injury 2.2%, avascular necrosis 0%, hallux varus 0.09%, transfer metatarsalgia 0.1% and hardware removal 6.2%. Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of hallux valgus utilizing the Shannon burr appears to be a safe and effective therapy with appropriate correction of the hallux valgus deformity, improvement in functional outcomes, high patient satisfaction, low recurrence, and acceptable complication rates.
Determining Bias in Ankle Replacement Studies Conducted by Design versus Non-design Surgeons
Authors: Nadeau Elizabeth K. , Hoch Caroline , Morris Jesse , Morningstar Joshua , Scott Daniel , Ottofaro Trevor D. , Gross Christopher 
Published: February 2023

Category: Ankle; Ankle Arthritis Introduction/ Purpose: Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is an alternative to ankle arthrodesis for the treatment of end-stage arthritis while maintaining greater ankle motion and functionality. Early generation implants had unacceptably high complication rates. Increasing experience of foot and ankle surgeons with the procedure and newer third-generation designs have the potential to offer better outcomes; however, the literature has shown that articles written by design surgeons presents biased results. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the reported outcomes between studies conducted by design and non-design surgeons. Methods: A comprehensive search of MEDLINE for all articles published between 1996 and 2021 was conducted with a minimum two-year follow-up. Two reviewers evaluated each study to determine whether it was eligible for inclusion and abstracted the data of interest. Meta-analytic pooling of group results across studies was performed, including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) (i.e., AOFAS, FFI, SF-36). Fifty-two implant groups met inclusion criteria, of which eight were authored by a design surgeon. In total, 4,693 subjects were included with a mean age of 59.89 years and mean BMI of 27.77 kg/m2. Statistical analysis between articles of design and non-design surgeons was performed using two-tailed Student t-test. Results: Overall, at mean follow-up of 68.91 months, the reoperation rate was 25.2% (design=23.5%, non-design=25.5%; p=.843), revision rate was 9.3% (design=9.0%, non-design=9.4%; p=.935), and conversion to arthrodesis rate was 5.0% (design=2.5%, non- design=5.5%; p=.243). According to the COFAS Reoperations Coding System (CROCS), the majority of reoperations were not around the ankle (Code 1: 76.65%). Mean postoperative plantarflexion (p=.007) and mean preoperative dorsiflexion (p=.006) were significantly greater among non-design surgeons’ reports. There was no difference in any pre- or postoperative PROM between groups. The implant survival rate at one, two, five, and ten years was 97.7% (design=98.5%, non-design=97.6%, p=.732), 96.5% (design=97.0%, non-design=96.4%, p=.865), 92.1% (design=96.4%, non-design=91.3%, p=.865), and 79.2% (design=87.9%, non- design=76.3%, p=.070), respectively. Conclusion: In the reporting of TAAs, design surgeons do not appear to be biased. Although reoperation, revision, and conversion to arthrodesis rates were worse among non-design surgeons, this was not significant. Similarly, implant survival was reportedly better for design surgeons, but this was not significant either. However, there was greater implant survival in the design surgeon group at ten years, as compared to non-design surgeons, with a p-value approaching statistical significance. Overall, there was no obvious evidence of bias in TAA implant studies when comparing design vs non-design surgeons.
Can sural nerve injuries be prevented in posterior leg approaches? Stage 1: Ultrasound evaluation of a new method based on surface anatomical landmarks and sural nerve pathway
Authors: Ruiz Pablo , Poggio Daniel , Sala-Blanch Xavier , Cuellar Daniel , Baduell Albert , Garcia-Elvira Rubén , Testa Enrique Adrián 
Published: February 2023

Category: Other; Other Introduction/ Purpose: The risk of sural nerve intersection with posterior leg approaches, and its potential risk of injury in some surgeries can range from 60% to 100%. Several authors have described methods to predict the path of the sural nerve through metric units of non-proportional distances, however these distances are altered by patient's height, leg length and body mass index (BMI); none has proposed a reproducible method, proportional to each person based on anatomical references. The aim is to describe ultrasonographically the distance and crossing zone between a new method, proportional to each person, based on a surface reference line and the position of the sural nerve. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study, performed between January to April 2022 in patients requiring foot surgery who met inclusion criteria. We located and marked by ultrasound the course of the sural nerve in the posterior aspect of the leg. Landmarks were drawn and marked with a straight line from the posterior aspect of the medial femoral condyle to the tip of the fibula. This line was divided into two equal segments and the distal half was subdivided into 4 zones, this way, we studied areas based on simple anatomical proportions for each patient. The distance between the references and the ultrasound position of the nerve was measured in these 4 zones, creating intersection points and safety areas. Location and distances of the sural nerve from the proposed landmarks were assessed. A size of 96 lower limbs (48 patients) was determined with 95% confidence interval and 80% power to SN concordance between the two legs greater than 15% of that reported in the literature. Results: 100 lower limbs (50 left; 50 right) assessed in 50 patients were included. Forty-four percent female (44/100) and 56% male (56/100). The median age was 45 (range: 22 - 74) years. The median height was 164 (range: 150 - 180) cm with a median BMI of 23.3 (range: 17.7 - 39.7) kg/cm2. The shortest median distance of the nerve passage was 2.9 mm from Point 2. The sural nerve intersection was 59% in Zone B, 19% in Zone C and 20% in Zone A. Safety zones were established. Average 80% of coincidence in sural nerve localization, in the distal half of the leg, in relation to the surface reference line when comparing both legs of each patient. Conclusion: This study proposes a simple, reproducible, non-invasive, and for the first time, person-proportional method that describes the distance and location of the main areas of intersection of the sural nerve with points and areas determined by a line guided by superficial anatomical landmarks.
Parameters Calibration of the GISSMO Failure Model for SUS301L-MT
Authors: Zhu Tao , Ding Haoxu , Wang Chao , Liu Yuxin , Xiao Shoune , Yang Guangwu , Yang Bing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the development of the rail transit industry, more attention has been paid to the passive safety of rail vehicles. Structural damage is one of the main failure behaviors in a rail vehicle collision, but it has been paid little attention to in past research. In this paper, the quasi-static fracture experiments of SUS301L-MT under different stress states were carried out. The mechanical fracture properties of this material were studied, and the corresponding finite element simulation accuracy was improved to guide the design of vehicle crashworthiness. Through the tests, the fracture behavior of materials with wide stress triaxiality was obtained, and each specimen's fracture locations and fracture strains were determined. Parameters of a generalized incremental stress state dependent damage model (GISSMO) of the material were calibrated, and the model's accuracy was verified with test results from a 45° shear specimen. The GISSMO failure model accurately reflected the fracture characteristics of the material. The mesh dependency of this model was modified and discussed. The results show that the simulation agrees well with experimental data for the force-displacement curve after correction, but the strain distribution needs to be further studied and improved.
Screening germplasm and detecting QTLs for mesocotyl elongation trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by association mapping
Authors: Edzesi Wisdom Mawuli , Dang Xiaojing , Liu Erbao , Bandoh William Kwame Nuako , Gakpetor Patience Mansa , Ofori Daniel Aninagyei , Hong Delin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world and mainly cultivated in paddy field by transplanting seedlings. However, increasing water scarcity due to climate change, labor cost for transplanting, and competition from urbanization is making this traditional method of rice production unsustainable in the long term. In the present study, we mined favorable alleles for mesocotyl elongation length (MEL) by combining the phenotypic data of 543 rice accessions with genotypic data of 262 SSR markers through association mapping method.

Results
Among the 543 rice accessions studied, we found 130 accessions could elongate mesocotyl length under dark germination condition. A marker-trait association analysis based on a mixed linear model revealed eleven SSR markers were associated with MEL trait with p-value less than 0.01. Among the 11 association loci, seven were novel. In total, 30 favorable marker alleles for MEL were mined, and RM265-140 bp showed the highest phenotypic effect value of 1.8 cm with Yuedao46 as the carrier accession. The long MEL group of rice accessions had higher seedling emergence rate than the short MEL group in the field. The correlation coefficient (rGCC−FSC = 0.485**) between growth chamber condition (GCC) and field soil condition (FSC) showed positive relationship and highly significant (P < 0.01) indicating that the result obtained in GCC could basically represent that obtained under FSC.

Conclusion
Not every genotype of the rice possesses the ability to elongate its mesocotyl length under dark or deep sowing condition. Mesocotyl elongation length is a quantitative trait controlled by many gene loci, and can be improved by pyramiding favorable alleles dispersed at different loci in different germplasm into a single genotype.
Optimized workflow to modify microRNA expression in primary human intravascular cells
Authors: Caglayan Safak , Hansen John-Bjarne , Snir Omri 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
A comprehensive dissection of the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in gene regulation and subsequent cell functions requires a specific and efficient knockdown or overexpression of the miRNA of interest; these are achieved by transfecting the cell of interest with a miRNA inhibitor or a miRNA mimic, respectively. Inhibitors and mimics of miRNAs with a unique chemistry and/or structural modifications are available commercially and require different transfection conditions. Here, we aimed to investigate how various conditions affect the transfection efficacy of two miRNAs with high and low endogenous expression, miR-15a-5p and miR-20b-5p respectively, in human primary cells.

Results
MiRNA inhibitors and mimics from two commonly used commercial vendors were employed, i.e., mirVana (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and locked nucleic acid (LNA) miRNA (Qiagen). We systematically examined and optimized the transfection conditions of such miRNA inhibitors and mimics to primary endothelial cells and monocytes using either a lipid-based carrier (lipofectamine) for delivery or an unassisted uptake. Transfection of LNA inhibitors with either phosphodiester (PE)- or phosphorothioate (PS)-modified nucleotide bonds, delivered using a lipid-based carrier, efficiently downregulated the expression levels of miR-15a-5p already 24 h following transfection. MirVana miR-15a-5p inhibitor displayed a less efficient inhibitory effect, which was not improved 48 h following a single transfection or two consecutive transfections. Interestingly, LNA-PS miR-15a-5p inhibitor efficiently reduced the levels of miR-15a-5p when delivered without a lipid-based carrier in both ECs and monocytes. When using a carrier, mirVana and LNA miR-15a-5p and miR-20b-5p mimics showed similar efficiency 48 h following transfection to ECs and monocytes. None of the miRNA mimics effectively induced overexpression of the respective miRNA when given to primary cells without a carrier.

Conclusion
LNA miRNA inhibitors efficiently downregulated the cellular expression of miRNA, such as miR-15a-5p. Furthermore, our findings suggest that LNA-PS miRNA inhibitors can be delivered in the absence of a lipid-based carrier, whereas miRNA mimics need the aid of a lipid-based carrier to achieve sufficient cellular uptake.
Serum hsCRP in early pregnancy and preterm delivery in twin gestations: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Yang-yang , Zhou Yu-bo , Yang Jing , Hua Yu-meng , Yuan Peng-bo , Liu Ai-ping , Wei Yuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Systemic inflammation during pregnancy may be associated with preterm delivery (PTD), but data for twin gestations are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the association of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a marker of inflammation, in early pregnancy of twin gestations with risk of PTD, including spontaneous (sPTD) and medical-induced preterm delivery (mPTD).

Methods
A prospective cohort study involved 618 twin gestations was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Beijing, from 2017 to 2020. Serum samples collected in early pregnancy were analyzed for hsCRP using particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric method. Unadjusted and adjusted geometric means (GM) of hsCRP were estimated using linear regression, and compared between PTD before 37 weeks of gestation and term delivery at 37 or more weeks of gestation using Mann–Whitney rank sum test. The association between hsCRP tertiles and PTDs was estimated using logistic regression, and further converted overestimated odds ratios into relative risks (RR).

Results
A total of 302 (48.87%) women were classified as PTD, with 166 sPTD and 136 mPTD. The adjusted GM of serum hsCRP was higher in PTDs (2.13 mg/L, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.09 –2.16) compared to term deliveries (1.84 mg/L, 95% CI 1.80 –1.88) (P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest tertile of hsCRP, the highest tertile was associated with increased risk of PTD (adjusted relative risks [ARR] 1.42; 95% CI: 1.08–1.78). Among twin pregnancies, the adjusted association between high values of serum hsCRP in early pregnancy and preterm delivery was only observed in the subgroup of spontaneous preterm deliveries (ARR 1.49, 95%CI:1.08–1.93).

Conclusions
Elevated hsCRP in early pregnancy was associated with increased risk of PTD, particular the risk of sPTD in twin gestations.
Is prior cancer history a hindrance for non-small cell lung cancer patients to participate in clinical trials?
Authors: Cai Jing-Sheng , Li Yun , Wang Xun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to explore the effect of a prior cancer history on the survivals of resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods
Kaplan–Meier method with a log-rank test was used to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to reduce bias. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-penalized Cox multivariable analysis was used to identify the prognostic factors.

Results
A total of 4,102 eligible cases were included in this study. The rate of patients with a prior cancer was 8.2% (338/4,102). Patients with a prior cancer tended to be younger and have early-stage tumors when compared with those without prior cancer. Before PSM, the survivals of the patients with a prior cancer were similar to those of the patients without prior cancer (OS: P = 0.591; DFS: P = 0.847). After PSM, patients with a prior cancer and those without prior cancer still had comparable survival rates (OS: P = 0.126; DFS: P = 0.054). The LASSO-penalized multivariable Cox analysis further confirmed that a prior cancer history was not a prognostic factor for both OS and DFS.

Conclusions
A prior cancer history was not associated with resected NSCLC patients’ survivals, and we proposed that it might be reasonable for clinical trials to enroll the NSCLC patients with a prior cancer.
Biochemical and pathophysiological improvements in rats with thioacetamide induced-hepatocellular carcinoma using aspirin plus vitamin C
Authors: El Sadda Rana R. , Elshahawy Zahraa R. , Saad Entsar A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, so we should be concerned and look for effective/less-harmful treatments than chemotherapeutics already clinically in application. Aspirin works well ''in conjunction'' with other therapies for HCC since aspirin can boost the sensitivity of anti-cancer activity. Vitamin C also was shown to have antitumor effects. In this study, we examined the anti-HCC activities of synergistic combination (aspirin and vitamin C) vs. doxorubicin on HCC-bearing rats and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cells.

Methods
In vitro, we evaluated IC50 and selectivity index (SI) using HepG-2 and human lung fibroblast (WI-38) cell lines. In vivo, four rat groups were used: Normal, HCC (intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered 200 mg thioacetamide/kg/twice a week), HCC + DOXO (HCC-bearing rats i.p. administered 0.72 mg doxorubicin (DOXO)/rat/once a week), and HCC + Aspirin + Vit. C (i.p. administered vitamin C (Vit. C) 4 g/kg/day after day concomitant with aspirin 60 mg/kg/orally day after day). We evaluated biochemical factors [aminotransferases (ALT and AST), albumin, and bilirubin (TBIL) spectrophotometrically, caspase 8 (CASP8), p53, Bcl2 associated X protein (BAX), caspase 3 (CASP3), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), cancer antigen 19.9 (CA19.9), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) using ELISA], and liver histopathologically.

Results
HCC induction was accompanied by significant time-dependent elevations in all measured biochemical parameters except the p53 level significantly declined. Liver tissue architecture organization appeared disturbed with cellular infiltration, trabeculae, fibrosis, and neovascularization. Following drug medication, all biochemical levels significantly reversed toward normal, with fewer signs of carcinogenicity in liver tissues. Compared to doxorubicin, aspirin & vitamin C therapy ameliorations were more appreciated. In vitro, combination therapy (aspirin & vitamin C) exhibited potent cytotoxicity (HepG-2 IC50 of 17.41 ± 1.4 µg/mL) and more excellent safety with a SI of 3.663.

Conclusions
Based on our results, aspirin plus vitamin C can be considered reliable, accessible, and efficient synergistic anti-HCC medication.
Associations of parental feeding practices with children’s eating behaviors and food preferences: a Chinese cross-sectional study
Authors: Qiu Chao , Hatton Rosalind , Li Qian , Xv Jiale , Li Jiaqin , Tian Jiahe , Yuan Shenghao , Hou Min 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Childhood inadequate eating behaviors contribute to the epidemic of obesity. Previous research suggests that parental feeding practices are partially associated with development of eating behaviors among children, but the results are inconsistent. The present study was to investigate whether parental feeding practices were associated with eating behaviors and food preferences among Chinese children.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from 242 children (ages 7–12) in six-primary schools in Shanghai, China. A series of questionnaires including parental feeding practices and children’s eating behaviors have been validated, and were completed by one of parent who has responded for child’s daily diet and living. In addition, researchers instructed children to complete the questionnaire of food preference. After adjustment for children’s age, sex and BMI status, as well as parental education and family income, the linear regression analysis was used to evaluate relationships of parental feeding practices with children’s eating behaviors and food preferences.

Results
Parents with boys had higher level of control overeating practice than those with girls. Mothers who responded to child’s daily diet and living and completed feeding practices questionnaire used a greater level of emotional feeding practices than fathers. Boys had higher levels of food responsiveness, emotional overeating, enjoyment of food and desire to drink than girls. Boys had different preferences for meat, processed meat products, fast foods, dairy foods, eggs, and snacks and starchy staples & beans from girls. In addition, scores of instrumental feeding practice and preference for meat significantly differed among children with different weight status. Furthermore, parental emotional feeding practice was positively associated with children’s emotional undereating (β 0.54, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.92). There were also positive associations of parental encouragement to eat with children’s preference for the processed meat (β 0.43, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.77). Moreover, instrumental feeding practice was negatively associated with children’s fish liking (β -0.47, 95% CI -0.94 to -0.01).

Conclusion
The current findings support associations of emotional feeding practice with some children’s emotional undereating, as well as parental encouragement to eat and instrumental feeding practice related to preference for processed meat and fish, respectively. Further studies should continue to ascertain these associations using longitudinal designs, and to evaluate efficacy of parental feeding practices impacting developments of healthy eating behaviors and preferences for healthy foods among children by interventional studies.