bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Volpe Tristan A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhen does compellence with nuclear latency work? The conventional wisdom is that leveraging latency is most effective when states are close to the bomb. Contrary to this prevalent belief, this chapter introduces the argument that more nuclear latency does not always translate into greater bargaining advantages. In a merger of coercion theory with nuclear proliferation scholarship, the book presents a new framework for explaining how states leverage latency as an effective coercive instrument.Chapter 1 makes explicit assumptions about how compellence with nuclear latency works, scopes out the main actors, and reviews the historical track record to identify trends over time. The chapter summarizes the main argument about the sweet spot for bargaining with nuclear latency and previews the empirical research strategy for the rest of the book.
Japan
Authors: Volpe Tristan A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChapter 3 focuses on Japan: an ally hedger who leveraged latency against the United States in the early atomic age. On several occasions from 1957 to 1970, Japanese leaders attempted to shore up defense commitments and wrest back territorial control of Western Pacific islands from the United States. Despite the peaceful nature of Japan’s nuclear energy program, Japanese leaders put pressure on Washington by making implicit proliferation threats and entangling nonproliferation promises with the fate of Okinawa and the alliance. Japan’s nuclear program lacked the capacity to produce fissile material during the first episode (1957–1960). But it quickly moved into the sweet spot by the start of the second episode (1964–1970). Japan therefore provides two subcases to assess how variation in latency shaped its bargaining leverage over time.
Conclusion
Authors: Volpe Tristan A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChapter 7 summarizes the book’s results and considers its implications for scholars and policy practitioners. The chapter identifies a generalizable mechanism—the threat-assurance trade-off—that can explain why more power often makes compellence less likely to work in other situations beyond the nuclear realm. In addition, the chapter focuses on the surprising result that the fissile material sweet spot remained remarkably stable over the last seven decades. However, emerging technologies have not fundamentally reshaped the bargaining tactics states employ to send signals and make commitments with their nuclear programs. This augurs well for the future of nonproliferation policy. But the United States must be ready to “buy out” the fissile material aspirations of nuclear aspirants, especially allies and partners who are increasingly interested in hedging with nuclear latency.
Introduction
Authors: Lewis Karen Gail 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
References to siblings are everywhere, from the Bible to fairy tales to novels. Yet no professional papers were written about siblings until 1980. Since then, there have been numerous studies about the sibling relationship. While clinicians today understand that the sibling relationship is important, even powerful, the influence brothers and sisters have on each other’s lives goes far beyond their own interactions. Includes examples of three types of therapy showing how your clients may be affected by their sibling relationships: individual, married couple, and family. The common theme is their unresolved childhood sibling issues. While clients may be aware of the impact of parental transference, they probably have not considered sibling transference. Describes the four concepts (ghosts) that cause current sibling problems: frozen images, crystalized roles, unhealthy loyalty, and sibling transference. Ends with brief description of each chapter and the appendices.
Ghosts Appear in Times of Crisis
Authors: Lewis Karen Gail 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With aging or ill parents, siblings must contend with a range of mixed feelings while working with their siblings—and their ghosts. The past, present, and future merge. Therapists must grapple with which time frame they are dealing with when intervening—the past or the present—and how to look for clues that ghosts are appearing. Other topics covered include poignant and potentially toxic subjects like money and inheritances, how not recognizing the differences in the ways sisters and brothers deal with grief can cause conflict, and how to help siblings identify a primary caretaker while allowing the other siblings to find their own roles in helping parents. Tips for good teamwork are included. This chapter includes a clinical example of two 90-year-old squabbling sisters.
Clinical Toolbox for Exorcising Ghosts
Authors: Lewis Karen Gail 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides a therapist’s clinical toolbox that includes techniques and exercises used to help clients in dealing with negative behavior patterns. Included are 10 tools for working with sibling clients; examples include the anger continuum, letters to a sibling, distancer and pursurer, grief circle, the invisible elephant, odd day/even day, processing speeds, use of absolute words, “ouch,” and a taboo list. Also included are tips for helping a client prepare for a sibling meeting on their own when the therapist won’t be present.
The Individual Focus
Authors: Cate Sarah D. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 4 looks closely at the philosophy that undergirds community-based programs in the current reform movement, what they provide for youth, and how and by whom they are administered. The focus on fixing the individual in order to fix the system continues to animate the community-based reform movement with negative consequences for youth. Juvenile justice policy has long operated within a paradigm of individual behavioral approaches to antidelinquency. Both punitive and treatment-based solutions to delinquency are rooted in a belief that the behavior of youth can and should be changed in order to prevent delinquency and reduce youth incarceration rates. This paradigm has failed in many previous iterations to curtail carceral growth. The foundation-led community-based reform movement does not depart from this long-established individualistic paradigm. This chapter demonstrates how youth continue to be stigmatized and positioned as the problem in need of solving while the highly unequal social context they inhabit continues to be naturalized.
Still Punitive
Authors: Cate Sarah D. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Drawing from an analysis of national and state developments in sentencing laws, Chapter 5 details the ways in which punitive policies persist in a devolved, privatized, and individually focused juvenile justice system. Since the community-based reform movement is largely aimed at exempting particular youth from punitive policies rather than directly challenging the policies, the reforms have left in place the use of juvenile life without parole sentences, draconian sex offender laws, gang sentencing enhancements, and the harsh conditions of juvenile prisons. There continues to be bipartisan support for punitive approaches to “serious” offenders occurring alongside the support for the community-based reform movement. The idea that an investment in individual behavioral solutions to delinquency will prevent youth from becoming involved in the system and ending up subjected to punitive policies often serves to legitimize rather than challenge these very policies. All three states have continued to levy some of the most punitive policies in the world on youth caught up in the juvenile justice system.
Strand 3
Authors: Goff James 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses the clues hidden in the microscopic evidence left behind within the tsunami deposits themselves. It reviews microfossils such as diatoms, using an example from New Zealand. The chapter also considers signs from the wider environment and how both very small and very large changes add immense value to our understanding of events and to the search for tsunamis. Trees, dendrochronology, geomorphology, and LiDAR are all shown to provide essential contextual information that is invaluable to the tsunami researcher. All this builds to show the power of the shape of the landscape to reveal evidence for past tsunamis, using case study examples and personal experiences from Indonesia, Chile, and New Zealand.
Strand 5
Authors: Goff James 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The identification of ancient tsunamis requires thinking that extends beyond any one site. Tsunamis are part of a much larger environmental response to driving mechanisms such as earthquakes. By looking at other environmental responses therefore, it is possible to know that there has been a past tsunami without actually finding physical evidence for the event itself. This thinking is charted initially through the environmental responses to a large historical earthquake in Peru. Immediate responses to an earthquake can be a tsunami (what we are looking for) and landslides, followed later by new coastal dunes forming, and later still, vast quantities of sediment accumulating in rivers. All of these responses can be dated—radiocarbon dating and other dating techniques are discussed. After a detailed discussion on southwestern New Zealand the vagaries of these environmental responses are discussed from two entirely different environments, eastern New Zealand and eastern Japan.
Introduction: Jews, Communism, and Post-Communism: Short- and Long-term Aftereffects
Authors: Lederhendler Eli 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the aftermath of the Jewish encounter with communism. This is viewed through the prism of the fall of state socialism in Russia and Eastern Europe just over three decades ago. One salient subject in the study of the ramifications of post-communist life for Jewish history is the large-scale Jewish emigration from the former Soviet Union (FSU) and other former Eastern-bloc countries. Apart from treating the post-communist realm as a habitat for Jews and a space in which Jewish heritage can be explored, this book also highlights the ubiquitous attention that is paid to the image and figure of “the Jew(s),” as this is manifested in popular and political discourse, particularly within the larger sphere of the politics of memory. Jews and their relation to communism in the past, as well as Jewish victimhood during the Holocaust, have become staple items in the process of reconstruction and realignment of new national civic ideologies, summoned to redefine and defend the restored boundaries of collective identity.
Idealism and the Harmony of Thought and Reality
Authors: Hofweber Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDo human beings have a special and distinguished place in reality? In this book Thomas Hofweber defends that they do. We are special, since there is an intimate connection between our human minds and reality itself. Hofweber thus defends a form of idealism, in particular one which holds that our human minds constrain, but do not construct, reality as the totality of facts. Reality as the totality of facts is thus not independent of our minds, and our minds play a metaphysically special role in all of reality. But reality as the totality of things is taken to be completely independent of us. The proposed form of idealism – conceptual idealism – is formulated via the notion of a harmony between our minds and reality. And that this harmony obtains is defended from considerations in the philosophy of language. A good part of the book is concerned with how it could possibly be that one can defend a metaphysical thesis like idealism from considerations about our o– wn representations. A key step in this defense is to consider a special class of concepts – inescapable concepts – which we cannot rationally replace with different ones. All this leads to an approach for making progress in metaphysics – immanent metaphysics – which is broadly neo-Kantian in spirit. Besides a defense of conceptual idealism and of immanent metaphysics, this book also critically discusses several other versions of idealism that are good candidates for being live options in contemporary metaphysics.
Artisans Abroad
Authors: Bensimon Fabrice 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Between 1815 and 1870, when European industrialisation was in its infancy and Britain enjoyed a technological lead, thousands of British workers emigrated to the Continent. They played a key role in several sectors such as textiles, iron, mechanics, and the railways. These men and women thereby contributed significantly to the industrial take-off in continental Europe. This book examines the lives and trajectories of these workers, who emigrated from manufacturing centres in Britain to France, Belgium, Germany, and other countries. It is interested in their mobilities, their culture, their politics, and their relations with the local populations. It reminds us that the British economy was not just orientated towards the Empire and the United States, but also towards the Continent, long before the European Union and Brexit. It shows how critical the part played by migrant workers in the industrial revolution was. Artisans Abroad is the first social and cultural history of this forgotten migration.
Personal Liberty
Authors: Volk Kyle G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the contested concept of personal liberty in American public life during the long nineteenth century. A set of legal protections inherited from England and enshrined by American revolutionaries in state and federal constitutions, personal liberty over time became a powerful language that stirred and structured Americans’ struggles over the democratic state. Focusing on conflicts over impressment, fugitive slave laws, and prohibitory liquor laws, this essay reveals how politicos, reformers, antireformers, and others trumpeted personal liberty to legitimate the extension and limitation of state power and mobilize public support for their legal and political agendas. In these ways, personal liberty became an essential language fueling American democracy in its most formative period.
Sentimentalism versus Cognitivism
Authors: Justin D’Arms , Daniel Jacobson 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Although the cogntivist theory of emotion faces familiar and compelling objections, moral philosophers retain a default tendency to define emotions in terms of response-independent evaluative thoughts. Philippa Foot’s argument against sentimentalism presupposes a cognitivist theory of emotions. This chapter responds to Foot’s argument and explains the incompatibility between cognitivism and sentimentalism. It argues that the evaluative content of emotions is response-dependent, and that cognitivist taxonomies of emotion obscure that content in ways that lead to significant errors. Bernard Williams’s discussion of agent-regret displays some of these mistakes, due to his implicit adoption of cogntivist methodology. The impulse to embrace cognitivism is understandable, however, because it offers a tidy explanation of how emotions can be fitting or unfitting. Sentimentalism requires an alternative account.
Emotional Fittingness for Sentimentalists
Authors: Justin D’Arms , Daniel Jacobson 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sentimentalism requires a theory of emotion that is not cognitivist. A compatible theory of emotion cannot invoke beliefs (or thoughts) involving the evaluative concepts it aspires to explain, as cognitivism does. Yet rational sentimentalism requires emotions to be assessable for their fittingness, and cognitivism has the most straightforward account: an emotion is fitting when its constitutive thought is true. But the attractiveness of the cognitivist account is specious. It is argued that the natural emotions must be interpreted holistically, such that each can be understood as appraising an object in a distinctive way. This approach allows for assessments of emotional fittingness without a cognitivist theory of emotion, as illustrated with the examples of pride and shame. The appraisals attributed to emotions are shown to be informative, because they constrain arguments about when these emotions are fitting.
Education Hubs in the Asia-Pacific
Authors: Olds Kris 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores a range of issues associated with the phenomenon of “education hubs” in the Asia-Pacific region. The chapter is structured around four key “Ps”—patterns, processes, politics, and policies. Following an introduction, the chapter provides a broad overview of how education hubs have been defined, to date. It discusses processes associated with education hubs, with a focus on historical foundations of contemporary hubs, the nature of contemporary economic development, and the role of universities in city-region development during an era of planetary urbanization. The chapter then shifts tack and focuses on the politics and policies associated with education hubs, with attention to relevant public policy matters, and associated programs. Finally, the conclusion highlights key implications of education hubs, including uneven development and territorial fragmentation.
STEM Field Demand and Educational Reform in Asia-Pacific Countries
Authors: Yamada Aki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of how countries in the Asia-Pacific region are dealing with the rising demand for STEM expertise worldwide. First, a review of historical trends and cultural factors of STEM education in several countries reveals an optimistic outlook for STEM workforce development. Yet, to maximize economic potential, there is a need to increase the quantity and quality of its STEM graduates and workforce, including addressing the significant underrepresentation of women in STEM fields. As globalization and international mobility have increased, many of the region’s education systems are exploring ways to attract international students, faculty, and researchers while countering the historical “brain drain” of their domestic talent. Lastly, this chapter examines the reforms that these education systems are pursuing to meet the demand for talent with the soft skills and global competencies needed to compete in the context of a global knowledge-based society.
On the Problem of the Interpretation of Symbols and Symbolism in Archaeology
Authors: Coolidge Frederick L. , Overmann Karenleigh A. , Wynn Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses the use of the terms symbols, symbolism, and symboling in the archaeological literature. The lack of definition and any grounding in cognitive theory makes identifying prehistoric symbols and symboling more art than science. A multiplicity of claims from the literature highlight the tendency to claim almost any form from any period of prehistory as symbolic. After the problem is defined, an alternative approach is proposed. The alternative suggests grounding symbols and symboling in contemporary cognitive theory; this would permit the construct to be operationalized as qualities potentially discernable in prehistoric material forms. A multi-level construct is also proposed, one that is not only capable of differentiating symbolic cognition as exhibited by the human species today from the presumably non-symbolic cognition of contemporary non-human primates but which is also able to differentiate both from the emergent symboling capacities of ancestral hominins.
Maintaining Multipartner Relationships
Authors: Mogilski Justin K. , Rodrigues David L. , Lehmiller Justin J. , Balzarini Rhonda N. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Humans maintain romantic relationships for sexual gratification, child care assistance, intimate friendship, and a host of other interpersonal benefits. In monogamous relationships (i.e., exclusive courtship between two people), individuals agree that certain benefits of the relationship (i.e., sexual contact, material resources, and emotional support) may only be shared within the pair-bond. That is, each partner is expected to maintain the relationship by provisioning sufficient benefits to satisfy the needs and desires of their partner. By comparison, consensual nonmonogamy (CNM) is a collection of relationship practices and structures whereby partners agree that it is permissible to have sexual contact or form intimate attachments with other people to satisfy these interpersonal needs and desires. In this chapter, we review literature examining who pursues CNM, how people who practice CNM derive and maintain satisfaction within their relationship(s), and when and how these relationships persist. We consider the role of CNM relationship maintenance practices, personality features that predispose people to CNM, and psychological and social barriers (e.g., jealousy, interpersonal conflict, sexual health anxiety, and condemnation) that prevent people from pursuing or maintaining CNM. Throughout, we consider how CNM compares to infidelity as an alternative strategy for pursuing multiple, concurrent romantic or sexual relationships. We close by discussing current directions in the scientific study of CNM and highlight which gaps in the literature are most pressing to address.
Hormonal Mechanisms of Partnership Formation
Authors: Makhanova Anastasia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
People are motivated to form romantic partnerships, and this motivation is underpinned by biological processes that facilitate sexual drive and mating motives. Gonadal steroid hormones—testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone—regulate many sexual behaviors in humans and nonhuman animals. Testosterone, for example, is positively associated with sexual desire, mate seeking, sexual behavior, and intrasexual competition. Although testosterone seems to be important for sexual processes in men and other male animals, some evidence suggests that testosterone is also important for women. Estrogen and progesterone, on the other hand, seem to be especially important for regulating sexual processes in women and other female animals. These hormones promote cyclical fluctuations in sexual desire and mating-relevant behavior across the menstrual or estrus cycle. Contrary to lay beliefs that female animals are passive in their sexual encounters, research in psychoneuroendocrinology demonstrates the active role of female animals in pursuing and regulating sexual interactions to increase their reproductive success. This chapter thus highlights the hormonal mechanisms that promote partnership formation, clarifies appropriate methodological practices for assessing these mechanisms in humans, and outlines current and future directions for research on contemporary romantic partnerships.
Self-Determination Theory in Health Professions Education Research and Practice
Authors: Kusurkar Rashmi A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Self-determination theory (SDT) is currently one of the most popular theories in health professions education (HPE). Over the past decade, SDT has witnessed an exponential growth in HPE, which includes all studies that produce practitioners in the healthcare field: the professions of medicine, nursing, dentistry, physical therapy, and so on. This chapter provides an overview of research and practice using SDT in HPE, while identifying gaps in the current HPE literature, avenues for new research questions, and new applications. This attempt is critical and not exhaustive; it includes the most important but not all the relevant literature. Investigations of associations between motivation and academic performance have resulted in inconsistent findings. Outcomes of basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration have scope for further investigation. The new research possibilities include the level of autonomy support provided in clinical supervision and the association between motivation and professional identity formation, among other topics.