bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IRW prevents diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by preserving mitochondrial content and enhancing hepatic fatty acid oxidation capacity
Authors: Zani Stepheny C. de Campos , Berg Emily , Jiang Xu , Knox Alexandra , Ackroyd Evan , Getachew Aaron , Wu Jianping , Chan Catherine B 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, remains without approved pharmacological treatment, with lifestyle modifications being the first line of therapy. Alternative approaches, including food-derived bioactive peptides can aid in the management of metabolic conditions including hypertension, obesity and insulin resistance. IRW is a tripeptide produced from the egg white protein ovotransferrin with angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitory properties. Previous studies reveal that IRW supplementation elicits antihypertensive effects, improves skeletal muscle insulin signaling and glucose tolerance, while reducing BW gain. In this study, we hypothesized that IRW45 supplementation would prevent high-fat diet-induced NAFLD by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and preserving mitochondrial content. We found that IRW45 prevents diet-induced NAFLD, while rosiglitazone (ROSI) treatment worsens it. IRW45 decreases hepatic triglyceride content and lipid droplet size compared to HFD and ROSI. This is accompanied by a trend to increase hepatic Ppargc1a gene expression and increase Cd36 compared to HFD. Moreover, IRW45 increases the hepatic mitochondrial complexes, p-AMPKα and has a trend to increase p-ACC abundance compared to HFD. Therefore, IRW45 prevents diet-induced NAFLD, in part by preserving mitochondrial content and increasing hepatic lipid oxidation capacity.
Analysis of blasting characteristics of interbedded rock mass based on particle expansion method
Authors: Xu Ruizong , Xie Liangfu , Liu Xuejun , Lu Gongda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In engineering, blasting is often used to achieve engineering purposes. Still, more studies are limited to a single rock layer, and there are few details on complex rock layers, such as interbedded rock bodies. This paper analyses the effects of the blasting environment, layer thickness, and inclination angle on the blasting effect from the levels of reflected stress, cracking state, and contact resultant force with the help of the particle expansion method. It is found that: (i) The blasting environment and layer thickness greatly influence the blasting effect, while the inclination angle has a minor influence. (ii) When the layer thickness in a hard rock environment is less than seven times the radius of the crushing zone, the reflective stress near the contact surface increases with the layer thickness, conversely, it decreases. (iii) For hard rock environments with layer thicknesses up to 3 times the radius of the crushing zone, the number of cracks increases with layer thickness at a rate of 68% per meter, conversely, it decreases at a rate of 6.5% per meter. For soft rock environments with layer thicknesses up to 1 times the radius of the crushing zone, the number of cracks decreases at a rate of 112% per meter with layer thickness. It increases at a rate of 10% per meter for layers between 1 and 2 times the radius of the crushing zone. (iv) The average contact resultantforce increases at a rate of 15.4% per meter when the layer thickness gradually increases to 10 times the radius of the crushing zone for hard rock environments and decreases at a rate of 51.7% per meter when the layer thickness increases to 1.5 times the radius of the crushing zone for soft rock environments, and converges if the layer thicknesses continue to increase for both soft rock and hard rock environments.
Simulation Analysis of Ni-based Dendritic Crystal Electrode Additive Manufacturing Based on COMSOL
Authors: Cao Lianmin , Chen Yixuan , Zhao Dongrui , Yang Hongjuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ni-based metal electrodes have been widely used as non-precious metal energy catalytic materials in the preparation of hydrogen and fuel cells fields. However, the commonly used foam electrodes have mostly disordered porous structures and low catalytic stability, making it cannot satisfy the requirements of efficient energy conversion. Therefore, it is necessary to design and prepare a low-cost, stable and reliable Ni-based catalytic electrode. This paper proposes an efficient additive manufacturing method based on jet electrodeposition and prepares Ni-based metal electrodes with unique dendritic structures. In this paper, the principle of additive manufacturing for dendritic electrodes is explained, and the macroscopic deposition environment is analyzed through finite element simulation, which can provide effective theoretical support for the reliable manufacturing process of dendritic electrodes.
Analyzing the characteristics of the upper mantle anisotropy beneath the northeastern North China Craton based on SKS wave splitting
Authors: Zhou Yi , Wang Xiang , Wang Jing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Based on teleseismic events recorded at 52 broadband temporary seismic stations in the Hebei Seismic Network, the SKS wave splitting parameters, including the polarization orientation of the fast shear wave and the delay time between the fast and slow waves at each station, were determined, and then, the structure of the upper mantle anisotropy beneath the northeastern North China Craton (NCC) was acquired. The results of this study reveal that the fast wave directions are basically in the NWW direction with a mean value of N99.2°E±15.4°, and the delay times are about 0.93±0.11 s, corresponding to a 107±13 km thick anisotropic layer. The research results imply that the anisotropy beneath the northeastern NCC mainly resides in the upper mantle, and most of it may reside in the asthenosphere. The results show that the anisotropy parameters of the Eastern Blocks (ENCC) and the Trans-North China Orogen (CNCC) are relatively consistent, indicating that the differences in the characteristics of the upper mantle anisotropy beneath the northeastern NCC are smaller. The deformation model of the crust and upper mantle could be both a simple asthenosphere flow model and vertical coherent deformation model based on comparison of the direction of the absolute plate movement, regional lithospheric extension, the crustal fast wave, and velocity field of China based on global positioning system (GPS) data.
Electrolyte component preference and surface integrity impact analysis for electrolytic plasma polishing of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys
Authors: Liu Xuexiang , Li Xuezhi , Zhang Jiajun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys is an excellent cobalt-based alloy material used in the manufacturing of medical metal parts, which often requires a high-quality surface finish. In this paper, electrolytic plasma polishing (EPP) technology is applied to the surface treatment of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy. Experiments are conducted to preference the additive components in the electrolyte to improve the surface quality after processing, and the effects of different types of complexing agents on the surface processing effect are investigated. The best polishing effect is obtained by mixing the electrolyte with ammonium sulfate and EDTA at a mass fraction of 4:1, resulting in the lowest surface roughness value of 0.0134µm and a high material removal rate of 4.935µm/min. Simultaneously, the addition of complexing agents further improves the wetting properties of the material surface. Polishing experiments are continued using the optimized electrolyte, and the surface integrity of the cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy is analyzed. The experimental results show that EPP can achieve a smooth and flat surface, and the surface profile curve after processing is stable and consistent. Additionally, the surface organization of the material changes, the surface layer hardness decreases and a more corrosion-resistant surface is obtained.
Thrust enhancement mechanism of a single and tandem flapping foil following an elliptical flapping trajectory
Authors: medna Venkata Ramana , Kumar A Sunny , swain Prafulla Kumar , bommana Divakar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Flapping foil devices have drawn considerable attention as a new means of thrust generation devices. The present study investigates the hydrodynamic performance mechanism of a single and tandem flapping foil undergoing different flapping trajectories with two different phase angles, 0° and 180°. The hydrodynamic efficiency, such as propulsive efficiency and wake structure of the single and tandem hydrofoil, are examined using computational methods. The effect of Strouhal number (St) and stream-wise gap (Gx) was also discussed along with the flapping trajectory. The results show that by implementing the new flapping trajectory, the induced thrust of the trailing foil can be enhanced up to 45% compared to the simple flapping. This study shed new light on improving biomimetic propulsion devices, as it aims to enhance the elicited thrust of the hydrofoil.
Data-driven identification of predictive risk biomarkers for subgroups of osteoarthritis using an interpretable machine learning framework: a UK biobank study
Authors: Gupta Ramneek , Nielsen Rikke Linnemann , Monfeuga Thomas , Kitchen Robert , Egerod Line , Leal Luis , Schreyer August , Sun Carol , Helenius Marianne , Simonsen Lotte , Willert Marianne , Tahrani Abd , McVey Zahra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing in prevalence and has a severe impact on patients’ lives. However, our understanding of biomarkers driving OA risk remains limited. We developed a model predicting the five-year risk of OA, integrating clinical, lifestyle and biomarker data from the UK Biobank (19,120 patients with OA, ROC-AUC:0.72 95%CI (0.71 – 0.73)). Higher age, BMI, and prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs contributed most to increased OA risk prediction. 14 sub-groups of OA risk profiles were identified, and validated in an independent set of patients evaluating the 11-year OA risk, with 88% of patients uniquely assigned to one of the sub-groups. Individual OA risk profiles were characterised by personalised biomarkers. Omics integration demonstrated the predictive importance of key OA genes and pathways (e.g. GDF5 and TGF-β signalling) and identified OA-specific biomarkers (e.g. CRTAC1 and COL9A1). In summary, this work identified opportunities for personalised OA prevention and insights into its underlying pathogenesis.
Impact of Radiological and Pathological Splenic Vein Involvement in Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Body or Tail Cancer
Authors: KURIYAMA Naohisa , MIZUNO Shugo , SAKAMOTO Tatsuya , FUJIMURA Yu , YUGE Takuya , NOGUCHI Daisuke , ITO Takahiro , HAYASAKI Aoi , FUJII Takehiro , IIZAWA Yusuke , MURATA Yasuhiro , TANEMURA Akihiro , NAGATA Motonori , USUI Miki , KISHIWADA Masashi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Several studies have reported a negative impact on survival associated with splenic vessel involvement, especially splenic artery (SpA) involvement, in patients diagnosed with pancreatic body or tail cancer. However, there is limited research on splenic vein (SpV) involvement. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the significance of splenic vessel involvement, especially SpV involvement, in patients with resectable pancreatic body or tail cancer.
Methods
Between January 2007 and December 2021, 116 consecutive patients underwent distal pancreatectomies for pancreatic body or tail cancer. Among them, this study specifically examined 88 patients with resectable pancreatic body or tail cancer to elucidate prognostic factors using a multivariable Cox proportional analysis. The Kaplan–Meier method evaluated the impact of SpV involvement in terms of both radiological and pathological aspects and the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy.
Results
Higher pre-operative carcinoembryonic antigen levels, larger tumour size, pathological SpV invasion, and non-completion of adjuvant therapy were identified as independent poor prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Additionally, patients with radiological SpV encasement had significantly worse prognoses in terms of OS (p = 0.039) and RFS (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of multidetector-row computed tomography for detecting pathological SpV invasion were 81.0% and 61.2%, respectively. However, the prognostic impact of neoadjuvant therapy could not be determined, regardless of radiological SpV involvement.
Conclusion
Radiological and pathological SpV involvement is a poor prognostic factor for patients with resectable pancreatic body or tail cancer. New innovative treatments and effective neoadjuvant therapy regimens are required for patients with SpV involvement.
Changes in PD-L1 expression on microvessel endothelial cells during melanoma tumor growth and the regulation by anlotinib
Authors: Feng Yingfang , Gao Yuan , Qin Tingting , Zhang Yan , Liu Shaochuan , Wang Jing , Li Kai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To evaluate the expression of PD-L1 on MEC in tumor and normal tissues, IF was used to detect the expression of PD-L1+CD31+ VECs and PD-L1+ Podoplanin + LECs in tumor, ear and kidney tissues. We found that the MEC PD-L1 in tumor showed an upward trend with tumor progression. The expression of PD-L1 in MEC in normal tissues is associated with the type of microvessels and tumor progression. The MEC PD-L1 expression in tumor is significantly down-regulated at 22th day in An5-9 group. In the early treatment group (An5-9), anlotinib increased the LEC PD-L1 but had no significant effect on VEC PD-L1 of ear, while decreased the LEC PD-L1 in kidney. In conclusion, the MEC-PD-L1 in melanoma increased with tumor growth and was downregulated significantly by early treatment of anlotinib, which proposes a potentiality of its enhancement on the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-L1 antibody. Anlotinib had no significant effect on the MEC PD-L1 of ear excepting the upregulation of LEC PD-L1 in early treatment group, while decreased such expression in kidney, hence the risk of possible renal damage by CD8 + T cells in the treatment of anlotinib should be bewared.
The Effectiveness of Using Tax Incentives in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment in the Czech Republic
Authors: AMPONSAH ISAAC ASAMOAH 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between inward foreign direct investment (FDI) as a percentage of GDP and several selected variables, including the inflation rate, GDP growth rate, exchange rate, corruption perception index, trade as a percentage of GDP, and corporate income tax rate in the Czech Republic from 1995 to 2018. Using correlation analysis and regression analysis with SPSS, we determined that inbound FDI as a percentage of GDP does not have a significant link with the rate of corporate income tax, trade as a percentage of GDP, inflation rate, or GDP growth rate. However, the study revealed a moderate yet significant relationship between inward FDI and the exchange rate and the corruption perception index. As a result, the study concluded that inward foreign direct investment in the Czech Republic is closely linked to the institutional quality of the host country, as evidenced by the observed relationship between inward FDI as a percentage of GDP and the corruption perception index.
A mathematical model for the cylindrical grinding responses of 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel
Authors: Zhang Jianwei , Lu Yazhou , Wu Shaoyang , Peng Zhenlong , Zhang Zhipeng , Wang Bingbing , Zhao Minghao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Due to its exceptional mechanical properties, 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel is one of the preferred materials for producing critical components of high-speed heavy-duty gearboxes. To study the relationship between cylindrical grinding parameters, i.e., workpiece speed, wheel speed and grinding depth, and grinding responses (grinding force, temperature and surface residual stress), dimensional analysis and finite element simulation of cylindrical grinding for 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel are performed. A mathematical model of grinding force and residual stress of cylindrical grinding is proposed, and the numerical and experimental verifications of 18CrNiMo7-6 cylindrical alloy steel are carried out. Numerical verification shows that the maximum relative errors of grinding force and residual stress models are 7.9% and 11.2%, respectively. The experimental results reveal that the maximum absolute errors were 1.31 N and 33.7 MPa, respectively. The results indicate that the proposed model could be used as a guide for practical grinding operation, which is helpful to optimize machining parameters, improve production efficiency and ensure high quality machining results.
Prognostic nomogram and epidemiological analysis for lung atypical carcinoid: A SEER database and external validation study
Authors: Yi Xinglin , He Yi , Qian Gangzhen , Chen Zhujun , Zhang Meixia , Qin Jiayi , Zhou Xiangdong , Luo Hu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose
We aimed to investigate the annual percentage change (APC) in the proportion of AC in lung carcinoids to determine the epidemiology of AC and to develop a comprehensive nomogram that could reliably evaluate the prognosis of patients with AC.
Methods
The demographic and treatment information of AC patients were extracted retrospectively from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) and a separate medical centre in China. A joinpoint regression model was applied to determine the proportional trend of the AC. Univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-based Cox regression models were used to identify independent factors, and a nomogram and web-based predictor were developed to evaluate prognosis individually. The receiver operating characteristic curve, the area under the ROC, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis were performed to assess the model.
Results
Most patients with AC were women (60.5%); the mean age of AC patients was 63.4 years, with a lower tumour site (42.7%), T1 (51.5%), N1 (64.4%), and M0 (87.1%). The proportion of patients with AC and pulmonary carcinoids increased annually from 6.3% in 2004 to 10.5% in 2010 and 16.1% in 2019. Age at diagnosis, primary tumour site, surgery, and tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage were independent risk factors in patients with AC. The nomogram predicted 1, 3, and 5 years of AC with excellent accuracy and discrimination.
Conclusion
The proportion of patients with AC and pulmonary carcinoids increased annually. The nomogram and web-based predictors were more accurate and discriminative than the TNM stage.
Impact of Mobile Application and Outpatient Follow-up on Renal Endpoints and Physiological Indices in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Southwest China
Authors: Shi Yu , Pu Shi , Peng Hongmei , Zhang Jing , Li Yang , Huang Xia , Song Caiping , Luo Yu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health concern, and patient self-management is an effective approach to manage the condition. However, there is little evidence on the effectiveness of mobile app for self-management interventions among Chinese CKD patients. This study aimed to investigate whether using a mobile application combined with traditional outpatient follow-up can improve health outcomes of CKD patients.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study recruited CKD patients with stage 1–5 who were not receiving renal replacement therapy from a CKD management center. Two groups were established: the APP + outpatient follow-up group and the traditional outpatient follow-up group. Baseline data was collected from January 2015 to December 2019, followed by a three-year long-term follow-up until December 2022. Laboratory data, all-cause mortality, and renal replacement treatment were then collected and compared between the two groups.
Results
5326 patients were included in the study, including 2492 in the APP + outpatient group and 2834 in the traditional outpatient group. After IPTW virtualization matching, the final matched the APP + outpatient group consisted of 2489 cases (IQR, 33–55) and 2850 (IQR, 33–55) in the traditional outpatient group. By the end of the study, it was observed that the laboratory data of Phosphorus, Sodium, Triglyceride, Hemoglobin showed significant improvements, Furthermore the APP + outpatient group demonstrated superior results compared to the traditional outpatient group (P < .05). And it was observed that there were 34 deaths (1.4%) in the APP + outpatient group and 46 deaths (1.6%) in the traditional outpatient group(P = .49). After matching for renal replacement therapy outcomes, the two groups were found to be comparable (95% CI [0.72–1.08], P = .23), with no significant difference. However, it was noted that the traditional outpatient group had a lower incidence of using temporary catheters during initial hemodialysis (95% CI [8.4%-29.8%], P < .001).
Conclusion
The development and application of an app combined with outpatient follow-up management can improve patient health outcomes. However, to ensure optimal preparation for kidney replacement therapy, patients in CKD stages 4–5 may require more frequent traditional outpatient follow-ups, and further develop an information-based decision-making support tool for renal replacement therapy.